bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomic correlates of reduced hip extension during walking in individuals with mild‐moderate radiographic hip osteoarthritis
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Wyatt Cory , Chiba Ko , Lee Sonia , Nardo Lorenzo , Link Thomas M. , Majumdar Sharmila , Souza Richard B. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTTo identify radiographic and MR features of hip osteoarthritis (OA) related to reduced hip extension during walking. Sixty six subjects, were stratified into those with (n = 36, KL = 2, 3) and without (n = 30, KL = 0, 1) radiographic hip OA. Cartilage and labrum lesions were graded semi‐quantitatively on hip MRI. Alpha angle and lateral center edge (LCE) angle were measured. Sagittal kinematics and kinetics were calculated during walking at speed of 1.35 m/s using 3‐D motion capture. All subjects completed Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS), timed up and go, and 6 min walk tests. Variables were compared between the two groups using one‐way ANOVA (adjusting for age). Correlations of radiographic and MR parameters with peak hip extension were calculated. The OA group was older, had greater pain, and limitation of function. They also had lower peak hip extension and higher peak hip flexion; and worse acetabular and femoral cartilage lesions. Peak hip extension and flexion correlated with KL grade, cartilage lesions in the inferior and posterior femur. Reduced hip extension and greater hip flexion during walking are present in high functioning (HOOS > 85%) individuals with mild‐moderate hip OA, and are associated with cartilage lesions. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:527–534, 2015.
Shelf‐life of fresh blueberries coated with quinoa protein/chitosan/sunflower oil edible film
Authors: Abugoch Lilian , Tapia Cristián , Plasencia Dora , Pastor Ana , Castro‐Mandujano Olivio , López Luis , Escalona Victor H 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe aim of this study was to evaluate quinoa protein (Q), chitosan (CH) and sunflower oil (SO) as edible film material as well as the influence of this coating in extending the shelf‐life of fresh blueberries stored at 4 °C and 75% relative humidity. These conditions were used to simulate the storage conditions in supermarkets and represent adverse conditions for testing the effects of the coating. The mechanical, barrier, and structural properties of the film were measured. The effectiveness of the coating in fresh blueberries (CB) was evaluated by changes in weight loss, firmness, color, molds and yeast count, pH, titratable acidity, and soluble solids content.RESULTSThe tensile strength and elongation at break of the edible film were 0.45 ± 0.29 MPa and 117.2% ± 7%, respectively. The water vapor permeability was 3.3 × 10−12 ± 4.0 × 10−13 g s−1 m−1 Pa−1. In all of the color parameters CB presented significant differences. CB had slight delayed fruit ripening as evidenced by higher titratable acidity (0.3–0.5 g citric acid 100 g−1) and lower pH (3.4–3.6) than control during storage; however, it showed reduced firmness (up to 38%).CONCLUSIONThe use of Q/CH/SO as a coating in fresh blueberries was able to control the growth of molds and yeasts during 32 days of storage, whereas the control showed an increasing of molds and yeast, between 1.8 and 3.1 log cycles (between 20 and 35 days). © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Scholarly investigation into otitis media: who is receiving funding support from the National Institutes of Health?
Authors: Hojjat Houmehr , Johnson Andrew P. , Svider Peter F. , Hong Robert S. , Zuliani Giancarlo , Folbe Adam J. , Shkoukani Mahdi A. 
Published: February 2015

Objectives/HypothesisOtitis media (OM) is highly prevalent and represents a major public health concern. We evaluate National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding support for OM research and examine the role of otolaryngology primary investigators (PIs).Study DesignExamination of bibliometrics and funding history of NIH grant recipients.MethodsThe NIH RePORTER database was examined for PIs funded for otitis media–related projects. The specialty, education level, academic department, scholarly impact (as measured by the h‐index), and funding levels of PIs were obtained.ResultsThere were 320 projects funded for 1,102 fiscal years supporting OM research. Since 2000, there has been >$280 million in support. PhDs received 47.5% of awards, more than any single medical specialty. Pediatricians received 54.8% of grants awarded to physicians followed by otolaryngologists (29.9%). Pediatric infectious disease specialists and pediatric otolaryngologists had the greatest funding per PI upon considering subspecialties, whereas non–fellowship‐trained otolaryngologists had the lowest funding levels. Funded otolaryngologists had lower scholarly impact than several specialties. Aggregate funding levels to otolaryngologists decreased between 2000 and 2013.ConclusionsThe NIH provided considerable grant support for researchers studying OM as awards to practitioners in numerous specialties exceeded a quarter of a billion dollars since 2000. Although awards to otolaryngologists were significant, the share of grants awarded to otolaryngologists has declined, suggesting that increased recruitment of basic scientists and enhanced cooperation with other specialists may facilitate further scholarship. These findings suggest a need for improving initiatives that prepare otolaryngology trainees interested in translational OM research for the rigorous NIH peer‐review grant process.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 125:1708–1714, 2015
Use of fluorescent angiography to assess donor site perfusion prior to free tissue transfer
Authors: Taylor Steven R. , Jorgensen Jeffrey B. 
Published: February 2015

ObjectiveTo describe a novel use of fluorescent angiography in assessing donor limb perfusion prior to free tissue harvest in microvascular free tissue transfer.Study DesignRetrospective case series.MethodsFrom January 2012 to June 2013, 59 patients underwent head‐and‐neck microvascular free tissue reconstruction. Evaluation of donor site perfusion via indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescent angiography was utilized in 12 patients and 13 free flaps. Eleven cases were radial forearm free flaps (RFFF) and two were fibula free flaps (FFF). Preoperatively, RFFF patients were evaluated with Allen's testing, Doppler ultrasound, or both. FFF patients underwent magnetic resonance angiography. ICG was used intraoperatively to evaluate donor limb perfusion prior to free flap harvest. Intraoperative and postoperative complications of the donor limb were evaluated with cost analysis.ResultsAverage follow‐up was 5.3 months. Preoperative Allen's testing was normal in six patients and ultrasound was performed in eight patients. One patient had a normal ultrasound, three showed minimal dampening, and four exhibited severe waveform flattening. There were no intraoperative complications using ICG. All 12 patients displayed adequate donor limb perfusion via fluorescent angiography. No digital or acute ischemic events were identified intraoperatively or postoperatively. There was no significant decrease in functionality or mobility of the donor limb. One patient noted mild arm pain with use.ConclusionFluorescent angiography is another method to evaluate donor site perfusion prior to free tissue harvest. Larger prospective analysis would be helpful to more thoroughly evaluate safety, although this is limited by the overall low risk of ischemic complications.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 125:E192–E197, 2015
Change in diagnosis and treatment following specialty voice evaluation: A national database analysis
Authors: Cohen Seth M. , Kim Jaewhan , Roy Nelson , Wilk Amber , Thomas Steven , Courey Mark 
Published: February 2015

ObjectiveWe evaluated the association between specialty voice evaluation and changes in laryngeal diagnosis and treatment in patients with laryngeal/voice disorders.Study DesignRetrospective analysis of a large, national administrative U.S. claims database.MethodsPatients included were identified with a laryngeal disorder based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes, from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2008, and had been seen by an otolaryngologist as an outpatient and had a specialty voice evaluation designated by videolaryngostroboscopy (VLS) within 90 days of the last laryngoscopy. Patient diagnosis at the last laryngoscopy visit and the subsequent initial VLS visit were collected. Specific treatment modalities were tabulated for the 30‐day period after the last laryngoscopy and for 30 days after the VLS.ResultsA total of 168,444 unique patients saw an otolaryngologist for 273,616 outpatient visits. Of those, 6.1% had a VLS performed, of which 4,000 (23.8%) occurred within 90 days of the last laryngoscopy, with a median interval of 30 days (interquartile range 15–50 days). Half of the patient visits had a change in laryngeal diagnosis. Changes in use of antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, voice therapy, and surgical intervention were seen after specialty voice evaluation.ConclusionsSpecialty voice evaluation was associated with changes in laryngeal diagnosis and treatment. Further study is needed to assess the impact on health care costs and patient outcomes.Level of Evidence2b. Laryngoscope, 125:1660–1666, 2015
Assessment of efficacy of intervention in hearing impaired children with speech and language deficits
Authors: Ruben Robert J. , Umano Helen , Silver Marilyn 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe diagnosis of hearing loss in children with speech and language deficits by the otorhinolaryngologist involves a large allocation of sources. The ability to assess the efficacy of intervention in order to minimize speech and language deficits is an aspect in the care of these children which has not been generally considered as part of the child's ongoing medical care. These children have speech and language deficits predominantly from hearing impairment and occasionally from a primary language disorder. The effect of intervention (usually a hearing aid), the special education program for the hearing impaired child, and the language therapy for the child with a primary language disorder are seldom measured. The ability to assess and monitor the child's progress is essential for the care of these patients. The continual monitoring of the child's progress is accomplished by periodic assessment of the child's speech and language. An instrument to do this has been developed and used by the Department of Otorhinolaryngectomy at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine for a number of years. The utilization of this instrument, as demonstrated by a series of case reports, will be presented. These will include children in which intervention was successful and those for whom it was unsuccessful, with an analysis of the reasons underlying the effectiveness for each child. It is recommended that every child with a speech and language deficit should be monitored periodically so that the child's progress, or lack of progress, can be determined. If the child is not progressing, additional remediation can be instituted to attempt to prevent a permanent speech and language deficiency.
Reconstruction of the tongue
Authors: Mikaelian Diran O. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractSubtotal or total glossectomies performed for malignancies or other afflictions of the tongue are fraught with great disabling problems postoperatively. Recently the introduction of myocutaneous flaps has aroused new interest in surgical procedures to reconstruct the tongue following major resections.A new approach to functional reconstruction of the tongue is presented utilizing the sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap based superiorly. Neurorrhaphy between the hypoglossal nerve on the resected side of the tongue and the nerve to the sternocleidomastoid muscle is easily achieved without under tension as these nerves are in close proximity. In addition, the sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap is an ideal flap in tongue reconstruction as there is no fat between the skin and muscle and it resembles the bulkiness of the tongue muscle itself.A patient with a carcinoma of the tongue treated with subtotal resection and reconstruction using the above principles demonstrated full tongue movements 11 months postoperatively.
Needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules
Authors: Brauer Richard J. , Silver Carl E. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractNeedle aspiration biopsies for cytology were performed on 224 patients with thyroid nodules. Diagnosis was confirmed by surgical exploration in 134 patients. Twenty‐four biopsies were reported positive for malignancy; 23 were confirmed at operation and there was 1 false positive. Forty‐one biopsies were reported benign. Three of these lesions were found to be malignant, representing false negatives. Sixty‐nine biopsies were in the questionable category; 16 (23%) of these were malignant. None of the patients suffered complications from the biopsies.Routine employment of needle aspiration biopsy on our service has resulted in a marked increase in the incidence of carcinoma in thyroid nodules selected for surgery. This has resulted from detection of otherwise unsuspected malignancy, as well as avoidance of surgery in patients with benign lesions.Needle aspiration is not a substitute for surgery. It is a valuable diagnostic procedure, and should be performed in the evaluation of essentially all thyroid nodules. We continue to use radioiodine scanning to evaluate our patients, but have found the routine use of ultrasonography unnecessary when needle aspiration is employed. The ultimate decision regarding surgical exploration is based on a combination of factors including history, physical findings, radioiodine scan and needle aspiration biopsy.
Kinelaryngoscopy for documentation of laryngeal pathophysiology
Authors: Selkin Stuart G. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractViewing the larynx has been revolutionized by the advent of the flexible fiberoptic nasopharyngolaryngoscope. For the first time a subject may inspire, expire, cough, swallow, phonate sounds, words, sentences, passages, and sing in full voice as examination and photodocumentation procede.Combining the flexible fiberoptic nasopharyngolaryngoscope with a home video camera, a standard fiberoptic light source, a standard videotape recorder, and a standard color TV set, the author details a method for the production of color and sound videotapes of the larynx in action. The video images are of excellent quality, and may be made in straightforward and economical manner. In fact, the entire array of instrumentation, including the flexible fiberoptic nasopharyngolaryngoscope, light source, video camera, lens, adapter, camera mount, videotape recorder, and TV set may be purchased for significantly less than the cost of the camera that most physicians use for endoscopic photography.The concept of flexible fiberoptic examination of the larynx and videophotodocumentation of the larynx in respiratory, sphincteric, and phonatory action shall be referred to as “kinelaryngoscopy.”
Primary adenomatous neoplasm of the middle ear
Authors: Eden Avrim R. , Pincus Robert L. , Parisier Simon C. , Som Peter M. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAdenomatous lesions of the temporal bone are seldom encountered in clinical practice. Four cases of primary adenocarcinoma of the middle ear are reported. All four patients presented with a mass behind an intact tympanic membrane. Two of the four patients had received radiation to the head and neck area 10 or more years prior to their developing adenocarcinoma of the middle ear space. Although this tumor is locally invasive, it does not appear to be highly aggressive and can be treated by local excision, i.e., mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty.
Myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome: A clinical study of asymptomatic subjects
Authors: Cooper Barry C. , Rabuzzi Daniel D. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe diagnosis of myofacial pain dysfunction (MPD), commonly called temporomandibular joint syndrome, has traditionally been made on the presence of a group of clinical symptoms that produce pain and limitation of movement. The cause of this common illness has been the subject of controversy for over half a century. There has been a lack of agreement on diagnosis, cause, and treatment.Advanced bioelectronic technology now makes an accurate diagnosis possible, based not merely on clinical symptoms, but on reproducible scientific data. A cause of MPD is discernable and reliable treatment possible, as well as long lasting resolution objectively monitorable with the Mandibular Kinesiograph® (MKG 5‐R) and Bioelectric Processor® (EMIR).A study of mandibular movement and masticular muscle function of 26 “normal” subjects (i.e., clinically asymptomatic) revealed that the overwhelming majority did indeed have dysfunction of the muscles which move and posture the mandible.The significance of this study is twofold. First it demonstrates a valid testing procedure for measuring mandibular movement and muscle function. Second it establishes the fact that most individuals have a physical predisposition to MPD. Changes in the adaptive capacity of the neuromusculature by physical or emotional trauma could then precipitate MPD.
Adenocarcinoma of the sublingual gland: Case report and 50 year review of the literature
Authors: Nishijima Wataru , Tokita Nobuhiro , Takooda Shouji , Tsuchiya Shin‐ichi , Watanabe Isamu 
Published: February 2015

AbstractPrimary adenocarcinoma arising in the sublingual gland is extremely rare, accounting for six cases reported in extensive survey of the literature for the period of 1930 to 1981.A case of adenocarcinoma of the sublingual gland is documented, demonstrating a highly malignant nature of the disease. This neoplasm possesses particular therapeutic problems owing to the relative lack of symptoms and the delay of initial medical observation after the onset of symptoms.
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma in a cervical cyst: A case of branchiogenic carcinoma?
Authors: Browder J. Patterson , Wheeler Michael S. , Henley John T. , Geratz J. Dieter 
Published: February 2015

AbstractA patient with a primary oral epidermoid carcinoma with presumed neck metastasis is presented who at operation was found to have a cervical mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising in the wall of a benign cyst. The case for considering this tumor a primary branchioma of mucoepidermoid type is presented, and the criteria for making the diagnosis of branchiogenic carcinoma are discussed.
Urbanization changes the composition and bioavailability of dissolved organic matter in headwater streams
Authors: Parr Thomas B. , Cronan Christopher S. , Ohno Tsutomu , Findlay Stuart E. G. , Smith Sean M. C. , Simon Kevin S. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractPopulation growth in cities has resulted in the rapid expansion of urbanized land. Most research and management of stream ecosystems affected by urban expansion has focused on the maintenance and restoration of biotic communities rather than their basal resources. We examined the potential for urbanization to induce bottom‐up ecosystem effects by looking at its influence on dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition and bioavailability and microbial enzyme activity. We selected 113 headwater streams across a gradient of urbanization in central and southern Maine and used elemental and optical analyses, including parallel factor analysis of excitation‐emission matrices, to characterize DOM composition. Results show that fluorescent and stoichiometric DOM composition changed significantly across the rural to urban gradient. Specifically, the proportion of humic‐like allochthonous DOM decreased while that of more bioavailable autochthonous DOM increased in the more urbanized streams. In laboratory incubations, increased autochthonous DOM was associated with a doubling in the decay rate of dissolved organic carbon as well as increased activity of C‐acquiring enzymes. These results suggest that urbanization replaces upstream humic material with more local sources of DOM that turnover more rapidly and may drive bottom‐up changes in microbial communities and affect the quality and quantity of downstream DOM delivery.
Deciphering sedimentary organic matter sources: Insights from radiocarbon measurements and NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Sanderman Jonathan , Krull Evelyn , Kuhn Thomas , Hancock Gary , McGowan Janine , Maddern Todd , Fallon Stewart , Steven Andy 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn a sediment core collected from an estuary in a rapidly urbanizing region in South East Queensland, Australia, we used multiple geochemical tracers to understand the provenance, form, and rate of accumulating organic matter (OM) focusing on the application of two tools often used in studies of soil OM: solid‐state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and interpretation of radiocarbon (14C) data by modeling the uptake of the bomb‐spike in atmospheric 14C. While elemental (C, N) and stable isotope (13C, 15N) data generally could not distinguish OM sources, these data did indicate that there has been a steady increase in nutrient loading to the estuary and that there were periodic deposition events where the OM was dominated by C3 terrestrial vegetation. The NMR results showed that the OM was primarily of terrestrial origin being dominated by lignin and stable char‐like carbon compounds in all samples. The 14C data and modeling indicated that the OM was composed of a mixture of material with widely varying ages. In general, the OM was hundreds of years older than the age of the sediments as determined by fallout radionuclide dating (1950–2009 chronology), indicating that a large fraction of the OM has resided on the terrestrial landscape for a substantial period before being transported and buried in the estuary sediments. By applying this combination of techniques, we have been able to develop a coherent picture of a very complex deposition and accumulation history in these estuary sediments.
Gelation Kinetics and Polymer Network Dynamics of Homogeneous Tetra‐PEG Gels
Authors: Shibayama Mitsuhiro , Nishi Kengo , Hiroi Takashi 
Published: February 2015

SummaryTetra‐PEG gels made via cross‐end‐coupling of tetra‐arm poly(ethylene glycol) chains having complementary functional groups have been recognized to have a very homogeneous network structure free from inhomogeneities and entanglements. Their unique network structure provides advanced mechanical properties, such as high deformability and toughness. The origin of these unique structure and properties is investigated from the viewpoints of gelation kinetics and polymer network dynamics. Spectroscopic studies on gelation kinetics of Tetra‐PEG gels indicate that the gelation kinetics is classified to reaction‐limited process, leading to formation of uniform polymer network with high yield. Polymer dynamics studied with neutron spin echo (NSE) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) shows that the dynamic is classified to Zimm mode in the microscopig regime (NSE window), and to collective diffusion mode in mesoscopic regime (DLS window). The crossover was found to correspond to the mesh size of the network. The absence of the offset in the intermediate scattering function also indicates homogeneity and uniformity of Tetra‐PEG gel networks.