bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Willingness to pay for social health insurance and associated factors among government employees in Jigjiga, Eastern Ethiopia: Mixed Method Study
Authors: Abdulahi Darod , Gamachu Mulugeta , Deressa Alemayehu , Reshid Fenan , Negash Belay , Mussa Ibsa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Social Health Insurance is a system of financing and managing health care of employees. A million people suffer a health-related financial catastrophe each year, and the majority have difficulty paying health expenditures, which leads government employees to low health service utilization. However, there is no evidence of the status of health insurance in the study area. Therefore, the study aimed to assess willingness to pay for social health insurance and associated factors among government employees, in Jigjiga town, eastern Ethiopia.
Method: A mixed method cross-sectional study was used among 578 randomly selected government employees from March 30 to May 30, 2023, in Jigjiga city. Data was collected using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire through self-administration, entered into Epi-data version 3.1, and exported to SPSS version 22.0. Binary logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with willingness to pay. An odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to interpret the finding and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Nine in-depth interviews were used to collect qualitative data, which were then analyzed thematically.
Results: Willingness to pay for social health insurance was 69.90%. Factors such as age >39 years old [AOR=6.30, 95 % CI;2.23,17.86], masters and above educational [AOR=0.41, 95% CI; 0.17,0.98], family size >=5 [AOR=0.11, 95% CI; 0.03,0.39], chronic illness in a family [AOR=0.37, 95 % CI; 0.25,0.55], and belief social health insurance as no benefit [AOR= 0.26, 95 % CI; 0.08,0.85] were significantly associated with social health insurance. From in-depth interviews, social health insurance has high acceptance and is considered an appropriate program for the study area.
Conclusion: Nearly seven out of ten government employees are willing to pay for the proposed SHI. Age, educational status, family size, presence of chronic disease, and belief in SHI benefits are associated with willingness. A strong emphasis on implementation and providing necessary information for employees should be given to enhance their knowledge. It would be better to advocate the SHI for policymakers in order to start early implementation of the SHI in the Somali region.
Predicting disease progression from the rate of bodyweight change in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patient during Radiotherapy
Authors: Cai Jing , Sun Jiachen , Lam Sai-kit , Zhang Jiang , Teng Xinzhi , Lee Francis Kar-ho , Yip Celia Wai-yi , Chow James Chung-hang , Lee Victor Ho-fun , Sun Ying 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Bodyweight loss is a common occurrence in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) patients during Radiotherapy (RT). Previous studies found that the prognostic value of percentage weight loss (pWL) during RT is not credible. We aimed to develop a novel progression predictor surrogated to pWL by modelling all bodyweight records measured during the treatment interval.
Method and materials
This retrospective study included two independent hospitals of 624 patients. The Predicted Progression Probability (PPP) was obtained from deep learning-guided differential equation solution, model by the patient’s age, sex, body height, and the weekly measured bodyweight records. The performance of PPP in predicting disease progression was assessed, its association with prognosis and adjuvant chemotherapy response was evaluated.
Results
The PPP was learnt from the training cohort (N = 257) with 7 weeks of bodyweight records. The prediction performance was validated with 367 patients of the testing cohort sub-divided according to the number of bodyweight records found. The area under of curve for patients with 7 weeks (N = 155), 6 weeks(N = 176), and 5 weeks bodyweight records (N = 32) were 0.76, 0.73, and 0.95 respectively. PPP was significantly associated with progression-free and remained an independent prognostic factor adjusting for clinicopathologic variables in multivariate analysis in all study cohort (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] range: 2.50–7.04, all p < 0.001). Patients with high-PPP derived progression benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy (HR:0.41–0.54, all p < 0.03), whereas those with low-PPP did not for both cohorts.
Conclusion
The trajectory of bodyweight change during RT is more robust than the pWL to give a progression prediction after RT. The PPP is a reliable predictor for estimating the risk of residual diseases after RT course, which also helps to predict adjuvant chemotherapy response in locally advanced NPC patients.
Multi-Fidelity Information Fusion for Turbulent TransportModeling in Magnetic Fusion Plasma
Authors: Maeyama Shinya , Honda Mitsuru , Narita Emi , Toda Shinichiro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Maintaining the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions that are essential to sustained nuclear fusion reactions is a challenge due to the turbulent transport that naturally occurs in the plasma. It is crucial to construct a reliable model for turbulent transport to make progress in fusion research and development. This study proposes multi-fidelity modeling for the improved accuracy of regression models for turbulent transport in magnetic fusion plasma. Multi-fidelity modeling combines low-fidelity data, which have low accuracy but many data points, with high-fidelity data, which are highly accurate but have few data points or small parameter ranges, to enhance the overall predictive accuracy of a model. We used a multi-fidelity information fusion technique, Nonlinear AutoRegressive Gaussian Process regression (NARGP), to solve the regression problems associated with turbulent transport in plasma. We applied NARGP to (i) merge the low-resolution and high-resolution simulation results, (ii) apply regression of turbulence diffusivity to the experimental dataset using linear analyses, and (iii) adapt the quasilinear transport model to nonlinear simulation results of a particular discharge. We demonstrated that NARGP improved the prediction accuracy of the plasma turbulent transport model. NARGP successfully corrected errors in low-fidelity model predictions by using high-fidelity datasets, and this produced high-accuracy predictions for the related discharges. NARGP offers a robust and versatile method for integrating multi-fidelity data, and its broad applicability may contribute to optimizing fusion reactor design and operation.
Family Mutuality Enhances the Family Resilience of CRC Patients through Positive Family Functioning
Authors: Shao Mengwei , Xue Yanyan , Zhang Menghan , Zhou Huiyue , Ma Bin , Wang Kun , Yang Yi , Yu Lulu , Chen Changying , Wang Tao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims: To elucidate the influencing factors of family resilience of postoperative colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and how family resilience is affected by family function and mutuality.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we investigated 216 postoperative CRC patients from two public hospitals. We started by studying the sociodemographic and disease-related factors impacting family resilience of CRC patient families through t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons. To understand how family resilience could be affected from the family level, given the critical role of the copying capacity of family in the outcomes of postoperative CRC patients, we further investigated three key aspects of a family, i.e., family resilience, family function, and family mutuality using the Family Resilience Questionnaire (FaREQ), the Family Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection, Resolve (APGAR) Scale, and the Mutuality Scale (MS). Then, based on all these results, we examined the interaction between family resilience, family function, and mutuality through Pearson correlations and the SPSS PROCESS macro.
Results: Six factors were identified to be associated with family resilience among families of postoperative CRC patients, including postoperative duration(F=3.684, p=0.013), education level (F=7.609, p< 0.001), marital status (F=2.822, p=0.040), working status (F=3.807, p=0.024), family income (F=9.487, p<0.001), and stoma status (t=-2.991, p=0.003). We found that family resilience was positively correlated with both family mutuality (r=0.170~0.473, p<0.05) and family function (r=0.135~0.451, p<0.05). Furthermore, we found that a healthy family mutuality could enhance family resilience, and the effectiveness of this enhancement was affected by the status of family function.
Conclusions: In addition to sociodemographic and disease-related factors, this work studied the influence factors of family resilience of CRC patient families from a unique perspective, by systematically investigating the interaction between family resilience, family function, and family mutuality. Our results suggested that (1) family mutuality and family function were protective factors for family resilience; (2) Family function played a crucial role in mediating the positive effects of mutuality on family resilience. Based on our results, we suggest that healthcare professionals should assess family resilience actively from not only the sociodemographic and disease levels, but also from a more comprehensive family level, to develop effective intervention strategies to enhance the coping and adaptive capacities of families of CRC patients during the postoperative cancer management.
Three-dimensional personalized porous polyethylen cranioplasty in patients at increased risk of surgical site infection
Authors: Mracek Jan , Seidl Miroslav , Dostal Jiri , Kasik Petr , Tupy Radek , Priban Vladimir 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most consistently reported complication of cranioplasty. No material showed a categorical superiority in the incidence of infection. Porous polyethylene (PE) is considered a low risk material regarding SSI. However, the literature data are very limited. Thus, our objective was to verify the assumed low incidence of SSI after PE cranioplasty in patients at high risk of SSI. The primary objective was the infection rate, while secondary objectives were implant exposure, revision and cosmetic results.
Method
Patients who underwent three-dimensional (3D) personalized PE cranioplasty in the period 2014-2023 were evaluated prospectively. Only patients with an increased risk of SSI, and a satisfactory clinical conditions were included in the study.
Results
Thirty procedures were performed in 30 patients. Cranioplasty was performed 23 times after hemispheric decompressive craniectomy, 5 times after limited size craniotomy and 2 times after bifrontal decompressive craniectomy. Risk factors for the development of infection were 18x previous SSI, 16x previous repeated revision surgeries, 4x intraoperatively opened frontal sinus and 2x radiotherapy. Neither infection nor implant exposure was detected in any patient. All patients were satisfied with the aesthetic result. In two cases, a revision was performed due to postoperative epidural hematoma.
Conclusions
Three-dimensional personalized PE cranioplasty is associated with an extremely low incidence of SSI even in high-risk patients. However, our conclusions can only be confirmed in larger studies.
Residual stress analysis in a polyethylene pipe wall
Authors: ALIMI Latifa , Bouchakhchoukha Soumaya , Chaoui Kamel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Residual stresses are tensions that remain in the material even when it is no longer subjected to external pressures. The most prevalent causes of residual stresses include fabrication operations, thermal processing, welding, heat treatment, mechanical shaping, and extrusion. In this study, an experimental method is used to determine the residual stresses in a 125 mm diameter polyethylene tube meant for natural gas transportation. The material removal process in sequential machining is used to extract five successive layers from the tube's wall. In fact, by successively removing layers, the variation in curvature makes it possible to evaluate the stresses that were present in the removed part. It is then theoretically possible to go back to the distribution of stresses in the thickness and to determine the profile of residual stresses. It was found that compressive stresses are relieved in the exterior of the wall. And other positive tensile stresses are released inside the wall. This configuration is related to the manufacturing process, namely extrusion.
Futile Recanalization After Endovascular Treatment in Acute Ischemic Stroke With Large Ischemic Core
Authors: Kim Hyunsoo , Kim Joon-Tae , Choi Kang-Ho , Yoon Woong , Baek Byung Hyun , Kim Seul Kee , Kim You Sub , Kim Tae-Sun , Park Man-Seok 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Endovascular therapy (EVT) is the treatment of choice for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with large vessel occlusion. However, many patients do not benefit from EVT recanalization, called futile recanalization (FR). We aimed to identify stroke risk factors and patient characteristics associated with FR in AIS with large core infarct (LCI).
Methods
A total of 137 patients with AIS with LCI treated by EVT at a single stroke center were retrospectively included from January 2016 to June 2023. LCI was defined by Diffusion-Weighted Imaging-Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score < 6. Patient age, sex, modified Rankin Scale (mRS), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), time to treatment, risk factors, and radiologic findings were collected, and potential associations with FR were analyzed. FR was defined as successful reperfusion with modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) ≥ 2b but without functional independence at 90 days (mRS ≥ 3).
Results
Of 137 patients, 120 showed successful recanalization (mTICI ≥ 2b). All patients were divided into FR (n = 80) and no FR (n = 40) groups. Older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.052, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.002–1.105; p = 0.041), higher initial NIHSS (OR 1.181, 95% CI 1.037–1.344; p = 0.012), and prior intravenous plasminogen activator (OR 0.310, 95% CI 0.118–0.813, p = 0.017) were independent influencing factors of FR.
Conclusions
Older age, higher initial NIHSS, and not receiving intravenous plasminogen activator were independently associated with FR in AIS with LCI and could predict poor responders to EVT recanalization.
Clinicopathological Features of KRAS-Mutated Colon Cancer: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hernandez-González Helí , Cortés-Torres Edgar Joaquín , Morfín-Meza Kathia Dayana , García Andrea , Sánchez-Luna Ana Guadalupe , González-Muñoz Samantha Emily , Vázquez-Sánchez Sergio Jiram , González-Ojeda Alejandro , Fuentes-Orozco Clotilde , Cervantes-Guevara Gabino , Cervantes-Pérez Enrique , Ramírez-Ochoa Sol , Álvarez-Villaseñor Andrea Socorro , Cortés-Flores Ana Olivia , Castillo-Cardiel Guadalupe 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Colon cancer is a leading neoplasm worldwide, with 35–45% of colorectal cancer patients exhibiting mutations in the Kirsten rat sarcoma oncogene (KRAS). This mutation affects disease development and serves as a biomarker for early detection, prognosis, and treatment.
Objective
Identify the clinicopathological characteristics of colon cancer patients with KRAS mutations.
Material and Methods
Analytical cross-sectional study, including patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The study variables included sex, age, tumor location, KRAS and BRAF mutations, and the presence of metastases.
Results
The study involved 51 male patients, with a mean age of 61.4 ± 11.0 years. The most common tumor location was the sigmoid colon (35.3%), and 45.1% of patients were classified as TNM stage III with lymph node dissemination. Genetic analysis revealed that 35% of patients had KRAS mutations, while 32% had BRAF mutations. Notably, 61.1% of KRAS-positive patients also had BRAF mutations compared to 15.1% of KRAS-negative patients (p = 0.02).
Conclusions
The study indicates that colon cancer patients with KRAS(+) mutations tend to be older and have a higher incidence of comorbidities.
Neonatal mortality rate and burden of disease in Thai neonates: A nationwide data analysis
Authors: Kiatchoosakun Pakaphan , Jirapradittha Junya , Paopongsawan Pongsatorn , Thepsuthammarat Kaewjai , Manopunya Satit , Sutra Sumitr 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Neonatal mortality rate (NMR) is an international indicator reflecting a country’s health problems and services. This study is the most extensive nationwide effort to evaluate in-hospital mortality and disease burden among neonates in Thailand.
Methods: A descriptive-analytic study used data from neonates born in hospitals under the Universal Health Coverage Scheme between 2015 and 2020. Data were extracted from discharge summaries using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, Thai Modification (ICD-10-TM).
Results: Overall, 3,141,215 live births were recorded during the 6-year study period, and 10,623 infants died within 28 days of life. In-hospital NMR was 3.38 per 1,000 live births. The annual NMR decreased significantly from 3.60 per 1,000 in 2015 to 3.05 per 1,000 in 2020 (p-value <0.001). Sixty-seven percent (n=7,149) of deaths occurred within 7 days of life (early neonatal death), and 46.7% (n=4,957) died within 3 days. The leading causes of neonatal death were disorders related to prematurity (36.3%), followed by congenital malformations and chromosomal abnormalities (23.5%), respiratory problems and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (17.8%), neonatal sepsis (12.3%), and perinatal asphyxia (7.6%). The regional NMR varied significantly, from 2.35 per 1,000 in the northern region to 5.22 per 1,000 in Bangkok. Factors significantly associated with NMR include low birth weight, small for gestational age, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, pulmonary hemorrhage, air leak, major congenital anomalies, severe asphyxia, hypo-hyperglycemia, disturbance of sodium balance, and sepsis.
Common comorbidities among Thai neonates were neonatal jaundice (23.9%), respiratory problems (12.1%), disorders related to prematurity and low birth weight (11.1%), congenital malformations and chromosomal abnormalities (7.2%), sepsis (5.8%), and perinatal asphyxia (2.1%).
Conclusion: The declining birth rate and NMR in Thailand highlight significant changes in the country’s demographics and improvements in healthcare services. Prematurity remains the leading cause of neonatal death, emphasizing the critical need for targeted interventions in maternal and neonatal care. Regional disparities in NMR indicate uneven distribution and access to healthcare resources, suggesting that strategic allocation and improvement of perinatal and post-natal care services are necessary to address these variations and enhance overall neonatal health outcomes in Thailand.
Complete genome assemblies and antibiograms of 22 Staphylococcus capitis isolates
Authors: Wan Yu , Pike Rachel , Harley Alessandra , Mumin Zaynab , Potterill Isabelle , Meunier Danièle , Ganner Mark , Getino Maria , Coelho Juliana , Jauneikaite Elita , Moganeradj Kartyk , Brown Colin S. , Holmes Alison H. , Demirjian Alicia , Hopkins Katie L. , Pichon Bruno 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
Staphylococcus capitis is part of the human microbiome and an opportunistic pathogen known to cause catheter-associated bacteraemia, prosthetic joint infections, skin and wound infections, among others. Detection of S. capitis in normally sterile body sites saw an increase over the last decade in England, where a multidrug-resistant clone, NRCS-A, was widely identified in blood samples from infants in neonatal intensive care units. To address a lack of complete genomes and antibiograms of S. capitis in public databases, we performed long- and short-read whole-genome sequencing, hybrid genome assembly, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 22 diverse isolates.
Data description
We present complete genome assemblies of two S. capitis type strains (subspecies capitis: DSM 20326; subspecies urealyticus: DSM 6717) and 20 clinical isolates (NRCS-A: 10) from England. Each genome is accompanied by minimum inhibitory concentrations of 13 antimicrobials including vancomycin, teicoplanin, daptomycin, linezolid, and clindamycin. These 22 genomes were 2.4–2.7 Mbp in length and had a GC content of 33%. Plasmids were identified in 20 isolates. Resistance to teicoplanin, daptomycin, gentamicin, fusidic acid, rifampicin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, and erythromycin was seen in 1–10 isolates. Our data are a resource for future studies on genomics, evolution, and antimicrobial resistance of S. capitis.
The Songbird Connectome (OSCINE-NET.ORG): Structure-Function Organization Beyond the Canonical Vocal Control Network
Authors: Savoy Andrew , Anderson Katherine L. , Gogola Joseph V. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Understanding the neural basis of behavior requires insight into how different brain systems coordinate. Existing connectomes for various species have highlighted brain systems essential to various aspects of behavior, yet their application to complex learned behaviors remains limited. Vocal learning in songbirds has extensively focused on the vocal control network, though recent work implicates a variety of circuits in contributing to important aspects of vocal behavior. Thus, a more comprehensive understanding of brain-wide connectivity is essential to further assess the totality of circuitry underlying this complex learned behavior.
Results
We present the Oscine Structural Connectome for Investigating NEural NETwork ORGanization (OSCINE-NET.ORG), the first interactive mesoscale connectome for any vocal learner. This comprehensive digital map includes all known connectivity data, covering major brain superstructures and functional networks. Our analysis reveals that the songbird brain exhibits small-world properties, with highly connected communities functionally designated as motor, visual, associative, vocal, social, and auditory. Moreover, there is a small set of significant connections across these communities, including from social and auditory sub-communities to vocal sub-communities, which highlight ethologically relevant facets of vocal learning and production. Notably, the vocal community contains the majority of the canonical vocal control network, as well as a variety of other nodes that are highly interconnected with it, meriting further evaluation for their inclusion in this network. A subset of nodes forms a "rich broker club," highly connected across the brain and forming a small circuit amongst themselves, indicating they may play a key role in information transfer broadly. Collectively, their bidirectional connectivity with multiple communities indicates they may act as liaisons across multiple functional circuits for a variety of complex behaviors.
Conclusions
OSCINE-NET.ORG offers unprecedented access to detailed songbird connectivity data, promoting insight into the neural circuits underlying complex behaviors. This data emphasizes the importance of brain-wide integration in vocal learning, facilitating a potential reevaluation of the canonical vocal control network. Furthermore, we identify a small, previously unidentified circuit—one which may play an impactful role in brain-wide coordination of multiple complex behaviors.