bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tests On Locally Sourced Mud Bio-Additives Show Better Rheological and Loss Circulation Control Properties to Enhance Drilling Performance and Guarantee Energy Supply
Authors: Nwala Stephen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Designing a drilling mud with relevant additives plays a vital role in having a successful drilling operation to sustain oil and gas supply. When a drilling fluid is poorly formulated with deficient additives, various problems such as loss circulation of drilling mud usually occur during drilling operations and this cause deferments in oil and gas supply chain. The objective of this paper is to highlight the use of locally sourced environmentally friendly bio- additives (dried sugarcane husks, dried palm kernel fiber and dried tiger-nut husks) as bio-additives for the enhancement of the loss circulation properties of a water-based drilling mud to conventional drilling mud with sodium hydroxide pH enhancer. Nine water-based mud samples were prepared with seven of these samples having varying concentration of the bio-additives as loss circulation materials. The eighth sample contained only limestone but no bio-additives while the ninth sample labelled as the control had zero concentration of the bio-additives and limestone. Tests carried out were mud density using the Baroid mud balance, viscosity using rotary viscometer, gel strength using rotational viscometer, pH using electronic pH meter and mud filtration tests using API filter press multi-unit. The various results obtained were compared with the standards as provided by API. The nine water-based mud samples prepared with varying concentration of the bio-additives showed promising results for critical mud properties such as mud density - within the API acceptable range of 8.45 – 12.00 ppg - and other properties like the plastic viscosity, apparent viscosity, yield point, mud filtrate and mud cake thickness were within values preferred by the drilling engineers as they result to lower circulating pressure that facilitate drilling processes. This paper highlights how cheap, locally sourced, and environmentally friendly agricultural wastes can become resources in mud formulation, hence need to reduce the dependence on the use of the toxic and costly chemical additives thus safeguarding the environment at large. The organic nature of these additives makes it environmentally friendly having little or no effect on the subsurface formation.
Optimization of AGO and DPK Production in an Industrial Modular Refinery Operation
Authors: Okwonna O. O. , Obuebite A. A. , Osedebamen I. I. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Optimization of automotive gas oil (AGO) and dual-purpose kerosene (DPK) production in an industrial modular refinery operation was conducted using a case study of a facility (Company A) located at Ohaji-Egbema Local Government Area, Imo State, Nigeria. The system was modelled using the Aspen HYSYS version 11.0 simulation tool. A daily input of 5,000 barrels of crude oil per day was characterized and introduced into the distillation system operating at 101.3 kPa. The distillation column consisted of 22 trays for the collection of five target products: Off-gas, Naphtha, DPK, AGO and residue. The flowrate of the target products, DPK and AGO, under the initial process conditions (Condenser: 44 oC, Stage 8: 163 oC, and Stage 16: 254 oC were determined to be 662.3 b/d and 431.40 b/d, respectively. The process was repeated at varied condenser temperatures in the range of 45 - 48 oC, and the Stage 8 temperatures were raised by 0.5 oC (163 oC -168.5 oC), while Stage 16 temperatures were increased by 4 oC (254 - 298 oC). Temperatures were recorded at each increment in condenser temperature, and the flow rates (yields) of the desired products were documented. The optimum production of AGO was observed at a condenser temperature of 48 oC, with a yield of 51.26%, at a stage 16 temperature of 270 oC (543.15k). The maximum yield of DPK was achieved at condenser temperature of 44 oC and a stage 8 temperature is 168.5 oC (441.65k), with a yield of 22.24%. Beyond the temperature of 48 oC for AGO and 44 oC for DPK, errors were encountered, and the DPK output decreased. This study identifies the precise conditions that optimizes the production of AGO and DPK, offering insights for enhanced oil refinery efficiency of the distillation process and sustainability in petrochemical engineering Top of Form.
Numerical Simulation of Heavy Oil Recovery for a Niger-Delta Reservoir
Authors: Ehibor Idahosa , Ibe Alonge , Maku Gbenga , Oyekade Suraju , Omotoso Abdulwahab , Adetula Babatunde , Goodhead Eresinkumo , Olafuyi Olalekan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This research provides a comprehensive numerical analysis of the chemical flooding process in a heavy oil reservoir located in the Niger Delta region. A thorough reservoir model was created for the case study utilizing the CMG simulator program, which includes the incorporation of geochemical modeling. Initially, the reservoir is evaluated based on its depth and the viscosity of the fluid to determine the most suitable Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) technique for achieving maximum recovery. Following that, various chemical injection strategies were implemented employing alkali, surfactant, and polymer to determine the primary chemical agents accountable for the enhanced recovery factor. The reservoir case study is a clastic reservoir that has a depth of 7400 ft and a pay zone thickness of 12 ft. The Petrel software was utilized to construct the stationary representation of the reservoir, which was subsequently imported into the CMG 2021 simulator for comprehensive dynamic modeling and simulation. A historical match of the reservoir model was performed to accurately align it with the measured field data obtained from the reservoir. In order to accomplish this purpose, different control variables were modified within an operational restriction to obtain a history match of field output rates. The feasibility of the injection schedule was assessed at the pre-evaluation stage in order to choose the most efficient injection plan from both a technical and economic standpoint. The injection scheme comprises Polymer injection, Alkali-Surfactant injection (AS), Alkali-surfactant-polymer (ASP) injection, and nanofluid technology. In order to minimize the bypassing of crude oil, a pre-flush and post-flush water flooding technique was implemented in these injection schemes. In the post-evaluation step, the injection technique is optimized to maximize the net present value (NPV) of the project. The initial simulation findings suggest that injection sequences including polymer are the most effective due to its viscosity and its capacity to enhance oil movement in the reservoir. By combining Polymer injection with a sequence of AS flooding and pre-flush and post-flush water injection, the recovery factor from the reservoir was maximized. This was achieved through the combined benefits of high viscosity polymer mobility and the lowering of interfacial tension (IFT) and alteration of wettability caused by AS flooding. In summary, the introduction of a buffer polymer chemical slug following the initial pre-flush waterflood demonstrated the most favorable production performance, resulting in a recovery rate of up to 20%. An economic study of this injection plan was conducted by taking into account oil prices that are contingent upon the current market conditions.
Evaluating the Impact of EOR on for a Niger-Delta Case Study. A Mathematical and Simulation Approach
Authors: Ehibor Idahosa , Ojunjobi Abiodun , Amaefuna Magnus , Olowoyeye Oluwasola , Oyekade Suraju , Adetola Babatunde , Goodhead Eresinkumo , Falode Olugbenga , Olusiji Adeyanju , Olafuyi Olalekan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Chemical flooding is thought to be a more practical and economical way to increase heavy oil recovery. The ideal concentration of the injected chemical species, required to maintain fluid viscosity, must be taken into account and optimized to enhance injection performance. The objective of this study is to study the effect of injection chemicals (Alkali polymer-surfactant species) in order to maximize injection performance of the Field XY heavy oil reservoir in the Niger Delta region. The phenomenon of fluid and heat transfer within chemical species in the reservoir and rock pore structures are modelled with three fluid phases and a 3-dimensional domain, using mathematical equations of momentum, transport and heat transfer, and solved by finite difference approximations to illustrate the problem. The CMG 2021 software's simulation findings provide result validation and a subset of the experimental data are compared with the recovery outcomes.
The oil recovery findings indicate that the water saturation in the "flooded" zone was reduced while the viscosity of the injected surfactant-polymer solution was increased, thereby improving the heavy oil recovery. Fluid-Fluid aqueous reactions and rock interactions with fluid and its impact on reservoir pressure and recovery is discussed. Measurements of interfacial tension reveal over 90% decrease, which is in agreement with experimental findings.
Numerical Simulation of Waterflooding Using a Varied Transmissibility Tensor Approach
Authors: Ajayi A. E. , Ojukwu I. N. , Taiwo O. A. , Olafuyi O. A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the numerical simulation of enhanced oil recovery, it is key to precisely represent the reservoir's permeability and its directional dependence, as this is influential on the overall outcome of the prediction. Including a transmissibility tensor to the mix is essential for analyzing reservoirs, as it takes into account the directional flow properties while providing a better understanding of fluid flow within the reservoir and the identification of potential barriers to flow, preferential flow paths or directions.
Traditional applications and representations of transmissibility tensors is flawed by the assumption that that the tensor is diagonal and this could lead to erroneous representations of flow behavior, particularly in reservoirs with complex anisotropy.
This study applies finite difference in constructing a varied transmissibility tensor for waterflooding in an anisotropic reservoir model thereby, visualizing and demonstrating that the method can accurately capture complex flow patterns and enhance oil recovery predictions compared to traditional approaches that assume a diagonal tensor. The study highlights that the tensor is analogous to the &gt;1 matrix, which is the matrix of coefficients in an implicit discretization scheme.
Evaluating Long-term Thermal and Chemical Stability and Leaching Potential of Low-temperature Phase Change Materials in Concrete Slabs Exposed to Outdoor Environmental Conditions
Authors: Deb Robin , Iqbal Mohammad Irfan , Farnam Yaghoob (Amir) 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study examined the potential of using PCM-integrated concrete slabs for long-term thermal-responsive applications in an outdoor environment condition. The objectives were: (i) to evaluate long-term thermal response, snow melting and freeze-thaw reduction efficiency of PCM integrated concrete slabs, (ii) to characterize the chemical stability of PCM in cement matrix, and (ii) to evaluate the possibility of PCM leaching into the cement matrix and subgrade soil of the slabs. The experimental program included: (i) outdoor experimentation using large-scale field concrete slabs, (ii) longitudinal guarded comparative calorimetric (LGCC) tests of cut-bar concrete specimens from field slabs and comparing them with lab-made samples, (iii) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic characterization of PCM in mortar and subgrade soil specimens from field slabs, and (iv) low-temperature differential scanning calorimetric (LT-DSC) tests to assess heat evolution properties of small-scale PCM-integrated concrete specimens and quantify the amount of PCM contamination in subgrade soil. Results presented varying degrees of effectiveness after three years of environmental exposure: Micro-encapsulated PCM (MPCM) concrete exhibited considerable success (i.e., ~50 %) in snow melting while PCM infused in lightweight aggregates (PCM-LWA) concrete failed to provide substantial snow-melting; moreover, both PCM-LWA and MPCM slabs showed diminished resistance to freeze-thaw cycles compared to the first-year winter cycle data. Factors contributing to efficiency loss are found to be shell degradation of microcapsules, potential leaching of PCM into subgrade soil (i.e., between 2 to 3 % wt. concentration), and effects of warm temperatures influencing the degree of evaporation, as evidenced with LGCC, FTIR and LT-DSC results. Strategies to enhance efficiency and stability include improved encapsulation techniques, and vascularization methods.
Non-destructive monitoring of carbonation propagation in cementitious systems using the measurement of intrinsic electrical property
Authors: Babaahmadi Arezou , Tang Luping , Huang Liming , Löfgren Ingemar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Monitoring carbonation in concrete is crucial for assessing the long-term durability of structures. Reducing clinker content by incorporating supplementary cementitious materials raises concerns about carbonation-induced corrosion and alterations in pore solution chemistry as well as microstructure. These changes can significantly impact the durability and engineering properties of concrete. Therefore, there is a critical need for thorough monitoring of carbonation propagation within the evaluation of the new generation of composite binders.
To monitor carbonation, various techniques are employed. One common method involves splitting specimens and using pH indicators, such as phenolphthalein, to detect changes in the concrete's alkalinity. This paper presents the development of a novel carbonation monitoring method based on conductivity measurements in cementitious matrix. The proposed method leverages the correlation between carbonation and changes in concrete's electrical conductivity. The method enables in-situ monitoring of carbonation propagation in mortar specimens through application of embedded mini-sensors for measurement of electrical properties. The developed mini-sensors consist of 10 sets of 4-points-Winner electrodes (stainless steel) at a depth interval of 2.54 mm for conductivity measurements. By strategically placing these mini-sensors within the cementitious matrix, real-time measurements can be carried out, allowing for continuous monitoring of carbonation progression. This approach offers advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness, simplicity, and non-destructiveness compared to traditional destructive laborious methods.
Comparisons of biodiversity metrics reveal dissimilarities in biodiversity hotspot identification
Authors: Strickland Lynette , Dahlin Kyle , Cleemput Elisa Van , Adhikari Subodh , Castillioni Karen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

As global climate change impacts ecosystems, establishing conservation priorities is crucial for managing threatened areas with limited resources. Biodiversity hotspots, typically defined by high degrees of endemism, play a key role in conservation. However, traditional hotspots may not capture the full extent of biodiversity, including functional and phylogenetic biodiversity or biodiversity incorporating traditional ecological knowledge (TEK). This study compares biodiversity hotspots identified by 17 diversity indices in the Pacific Northwest, USA, using data from 318 plant species. We consider species richness, phylogenetic diversity, functional diversity, and TEK-based diversity. Using simulated plant communities, we assess whether indices identify the same biodiversity hotspots. We find biodiversity metrics form two groups based on shared hotspot identification, suggesting single metrics may overlook other forms of biodiversity. Interestingly, TEK metrics cluster with some traditional indices, including species richness. This work offers new insights on integrating biodiversity measures for discerning regional biodiversity hotspots and conservation priorities.
An oral hypoglycemic agent for T2DM with the function of alleviating multi-complications
Authors: Zhang Shiyong , Xiao Xiao , Lu Xiaoluan , Zhang Yi , Ran Xingwu , Cheng Yangyang , Yang Zunyuan , Liao Chunyan , Wu Yao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Although hypoglycemic drugs with the function of alleviating complications such as GLP-1RA and SGLT2i have been used in clinic, these drugs are still far from meeting the treatment needs. Herein, we report an oral hypoglycemic agent for T2DM with the function of alleviating multi-complications including neuropathy by way of self-polymerizing dietary antioxidant lipoic acid (LA) into a nanodrug called poly-lipoic acid particles (pLAPs). The self-polymerization made the oral T1/2 and AUC0 ~ 72 h of LA up to 23.2 h and 3761.8 ± 55.9 h*µg/mL, ~ 46 times and ~ 23 times higher than that of LA monomer, respectively. As entering the cells, pLAPs were slowly degraded to LA in response to glutathione to prolong the intracellular retention time of LA from ~ 10 min to > 6 h. This prolongation achieved a continuous activation of the insulin signaling pathway, making a long-lasting and near-normal blood glucose level hypoglycemic effect come true. Thanks to the significant improvement of pharmacokinetics and intracellular retention time, pLAPs restored the oxidative stress and inflammation-related indicators to the normal control levels in the T2DM models with neuropathy and angiopathy, leading to the outstanding therapeutic effect on these complications. Importantly, the promising efficacy of pLAPs was confirmed in the model of spontaneous diabetic rhesus monkeys with neuropathy. Considering its excellent biosafety, the oral hypoglycemic drug with multi-complication alleviation holds clinical potential.
Mental health changes during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in children and adolescents with mental disorders
Authors: Zijlmans Josjan , Rijn Lotte van , Alrouh Hekmat , Broek Emma , Luijten Michiel , Tieskens Jacintha , Mheen Malindi van der , Oers Hedy van , Cahn Wiepke , Schellekens Arnt , Hein; DREAMS Consortium Julia K Bird; Jan K Buitelaar; Ymkje Anna , Polderman Tinca JC , Zinkstok Janneke R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected child and adolescent mental health, but it is unclear which subgroups were affected most. We investigated to what extent psychiatric diagnosis was related to the severity of mental health problems during and after the pandemic in children in psychiatric outpatient care.
Methods
We collected data at seven time points (from April 2020 to April 2023) in a total sample of 2,545 children (8-18 years old) in psychiatric outpatient care. We grouped diagnostic classifications in four categories: Autism, ADHD, Anxious/Depressive disorders, or ‘Other’. Mental health was assessed with parent‐reported data on internalizing and externalizing problems with the Brief Problem Monitor, and with self‐reported data on Anxiety, Depressive symptoms, Sleep‐related impairments, Anger, Global health, and Peer relations with the Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®). We tested for overall main effects in mental health outcomes between diagnostic categories, and for different trajectories over time.
Results
We found that mental health outcomes varied substantially between diagnostic categories as expected, with internalizing problems being largest in children with Anxious/Depressive disorders, and externalizing problems being largest in children with Autism and ADHD. However, we found no evidence for differences between diagnostic categories in trajectories in mental health outcomes during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Discussion
Differences between diagnostic categories were as expected, however trajectories over time during and after the pandemic were not different for diagnostic categories in our sample. This suggests that the pandemic had an overall negative effect on mental health outcomes in children and adolescents in psychiatric outpatient care, rather than different effects for children with specific mental disorders. Regular high-quality monitoring is vital to recognize changing trajectories of youth mental health and to adapt to crisis situations.
Regional distribution of cellular of molecular pathways in a mouse model of Gulf War illness by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis
Authors: Naughton Sean X , Yang Eun-Jeong , Iqbal Umar , Trageser Kyle , Charytonowicz Daniel , Masieri Sibilla , Estill Molly , Wu Henry , Raval Urdhva , Lyu Weiting , Wu Qing-li , Shen Li , Simon James , Sebra Robert , Pasinetti Giulio Maria 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic multisymptom disorder that affects approximately 25–32% of Gulf War veterans, and the combination of permethrin exposure with stress may have collectively and synergistically contributed to its development. However, the exact underlying pathogenic mechanisms within the brain that links permethrin and stress to the development of GWI remains unclear. In the current study, we investigate the effects and the associated molecular mechanisms within the microglia-neuron interplay in a mouse model of GWI, focusing on how exposure to permethrin may act as a priming agent when followed by stress. Subjecting mice to 14 days of chronic permethrin exposure followed by 7 days of stress resulted in the development of depression-like behavior. This behavioral change coincided with distinct alterations in the microglia phenotype, indicating microglial activation in the hippocampa. We revealed that blocking microglial activation through Gi inhibitory DREADD receptors in microglia effectively prevented the behavioral change associated with permethrin and stress exposure. To elucidate the transcriptional networks impacted within distinct microglia populations linked to depression-like behavior in mice exposed to both permethrin and stress, we conducted a single-cell RNA sequencing analysis using 21,566 single nuclei collected from the hippocampus of mice. For bioinformatics, UniCell Deconvolve was a pre-trained, interpretable, deep learning model used to deconvolve cell type fractions and predict cell identity across spatial datasets. Our bioinformatics analysis identified significant alterations in permethrin exposure followed by stress-associated microglia population, notably pathways related to neuronal development, neuronal communication, and neuronal morphogenesis, all of which are associated with neural synaptic plasticity. Additionally, we observed permethrin exposure followed by stress-mediated changes in signal transduction, including modulation of chemical synaptic transmission, regulation of neurotransmitter receptors, and regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor activity, a known contributor to the pathophysiology of depression in a subset of the hippocampal pyramidal neurons in the CA3 subregions. These studies tentatively suggest that permethrin may prime toward a depression-like behavior that can be triggered by psychological stress in mice through microglial activation, resulting in alterations of neural plasticity. This new evidence underscores the significance of the synergistic role of multi-causal factors associated with GWI.