bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Native European eels as a potential biological control for invasive crayfish
Authors: Musseau Camille , Boulenger Clarisse , Crivelli Alain J , Lebel Isabelle , Pascal Marine , Boulêtreau Stéphanie , Santoul Frédéric 
Published: November 2014

Summary

Invasive species may have strong negative impacts on ecosystems. Invasive crayfish are well known to cause ecological imbalances in freshwater systems and have become targets in eradication programmes.

The red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is vulnerable to predation by several fish species. The European eel (Anguilla anguilla) appears to be a very good candidate given its benthic feeding activity and ability to recognise prey by odour.

Our study took place from 2009 to 2013 in a closed system in south‐eastern France in which ponds were sampled twice a year by passive capture methods to evaluate trends in populations of potential prey. Eel population dynamics were assessed by means of a multistate capture–recapture model, and diet assessment was performed using stable isotope analysis in October 2010 and October 2012.

Our results show that the invasive crayfish was the most important prey in the eel diet, and every size‐class of crayfish was preyed upon by the predator.

A high predator density, approaching carrying capacity for the European eel in this system, strongly affects P. clarkii populations, leading them to their collapse, but not eradication.
Shaping ability of single‐file reciprocating and heat‐treated multifile rotary systems: a micro‐CT study
Authors: Marceliano‐Alves M. F. V. , Sousa‐Neto M. D. , Fidel S. R. , Steier L. , Robinson J. P. , Pécora J. D. , Versiani M. A. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAimTo investigate changes in three‐dimensional geometry, in various cross‐sectional morphological parameters and in the centring ability of root canals prepared with different preparation systems using microcomputed tomographic imaging technology.MethodologySixty‐four mesial canals of mandibular molars were matched based on similar morphological dimensions using micro‐CT evaluation and assigned to four experimental groups (n = 16), according to the canal preparation technique: Reciproc, WaveOne, Twisted File and HyFlex CM systems. Changes in several 2D (area, perimeter, form factor, roundness, minor and major diameter) and 3D [volume, surface area, structure model index (SMI)] morphological parameters, as well as canal transportation, were compared with preoperative values using Kruskal–Wallis and anovapost hoc Tukey's tests with the significance level set at 5%.ResultsPreparation significantly increased all tested parameters in the experimental groups. No significant differences were observed between groups regarding changes in volume, surface area, SMI, form factor and roundness of the root canal after preparation (P > 0.05). In the apical third, the Reciproc group had significantly greater changes in canal area, perimeter, major and minor diameters than the other groups (P < 0.05). Overall, the Twisted File and HyFlex CM systems were associated with significantly less transportation than the reciprocating instruments, Reciproc and WaveOne (P < 0.05).ConclusionsShaping procedures led to the enlargement of the root canal space with no evidence of significant preparation errors. Changes in 3D parameters were not different between groups whilst, in the apical third, Reciproc was associated with significantly greater changes in several 2D parameters compared to the other groups. Twisted File and HyFlex CM systems were able to maintain the original canal anatomy with less canal transportation than Reciproc and WaveOne; however, these differences are unlikely to be of clinical significance.
Gene expression profiling and association of circulating lactoferrin level with obesity‐related phenotypes in Latino youth
Authors: Kim J. Y. , Campbell L. E. , Shaibi G. Q. , Coletta D. K. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryBackground/ObjectivesLow‐grade inflammation is an underlying feature of obesity and identifying inflammatory markers is crucial to understanding this disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study was twofold: (i) to perform a global microarray analysis and (ii) to investigate the role of lactoferrin (LTF), one of the most altered genes, in relation to obesity in Latino youth.MethodsNon‐diabetic Latino youth (71 males/92 females; 15.6 ± 3.2 years) were studied. A subset of 39 participants was randomly selected for global microarray analysis profiling from the whole blood sample. Serum LTF was compared between lean (n = 78) and overweight/obese (n = 85) participants.ResultsMicroarray analysis revealed that a total of 1870 probes were altered in expression ≥1.2‐fold and P < 0.05 in overweight/obese participants compared with lean. KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis revealed significant enrichment for pathways including toll‐like receptor (TLR) and B cell receptor signalling pathways. LTF and TLR5 were increased in expression by 2.2 and 1.5 fold, respectively, in the overweight/obese participants. Increased LTF concentrations were significantly associated with high risk of obesity‐related phenotypes (all P < 0.05).ConclusionsOur data suggest that increased LTF is associated with obesity risk among Latino youth. This finding is discordant to what has been shown in adults and suggests that age may modulate the association between LTF and obesity‐related health.
Ready, set, go! Motivation and lifestyle habits in parents of children referred for obesity management
Authors: Maximova K. , Ambler K. A. , Rudko J. N. , Chui N. , Ball G. D. C. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryBackgroundParents play a fundamental role in helping children with obesity to make and maintain healthy lifestyle changes.ObjectiveThis study aimed to characterize stages of engagement to change nutrition and physical activity habits among parents whose children with obesity were enrolled in obesity management and examine differences in parents’ own nutrition and physical activity habits according to their stage of engagement.MethodsMedical records of 113 children (body mass index [BMI] ≥95th percentile) enrolled in an outpatient weight management clinic were reviewed for baseline (cross‐sectional) data. Parents completed the Weight Loss Behavior–Stage of Change Scale to assess the degree of engagement in making healthy changes to their lifestyle behaviours. Latent class analysis was used to classify parents into distinct clusters by grouping individuals with similar ratings of stages of engagement regarding nutrition‐ and physical activity‐related behaviours.ResultsParents’ engagement in healthy lifestyle behaviours varied (more engaged [n = 43]; less engaged [n = 70]). A greater proportion of parents in the more engaged group was in action and/or maintenance stages of changing their lifestyle habits. The more engaged group was less overweight than the less engaged group (BMI = 28.5 vs. 33.3 kg m−2; P < 0.05). Further, the more engaged group consumed fewer total calories, calories from fat, trans fat and carbohydrates vs. their less engaged peers (P < 0.05). Compared with the less engaged group, the more engaged group consumed more daily servings of vegetables and fruits (4.9 vs. 3.9, P < 0.05) and accumulated more steps per day (9130 vs. 7225; P < 0.05). The more engaged group was also more likely to meet daily recommendations for vegetable and fruit intake (48.8 vs. 24.3%; P < 0.05) and physical activity (42.9 vs. 22.9%, P < 0.05).ConclusionsParents of children with obesity varied in their degree of engagement in making healthy changes to their lifestyle behaviours, and those categorized as more engaged already demonstrated positive lifestyle behaviours. Information regarding parents’ degree of engagement in healthy behaviours can inform clinical recommendations, especially when parents represent the primary agents of change in families trying to manage paediatric obesity.
Enamel epithelium expresses bone sialoprotein (BSP)
Authors: Chen Jinkun , Sasaguri Kenichi , Sodek Jaro , Aufdemorte Thomas B. , Jiang Heping , Thomas Huw F. 
Published: November 2014

Bone sialoprotein (BSP) is a major non‐collagenous extracellular matrix protein in bone and other mineralized connective tissues. BSP is synthesized and secreted by bone‐, dentin‐ and cementum‐forming cells. In this study we hypothesized that BSP may be also involved in enamel formation through its postulated role in matrix mineralization. In situ hybridization with cRNA probes for rat and hamster BSP, respectively, showed strong mRNA signals in ameloblasts actively synthesizing enamel matrix in developing incisors. However, no hybridization signals were observed at an earlier developmental stage when bell‐shaped molar tooth germs were being formed.Immunohistochemical analysis of tooth tissues from transgenic mice harboring a 2.7 kb rat BSP promoter ligated to a luciferase reporter gene revealed strong staining for luciferase in the enamel epithelium of the developing tooth germ. Interestingly, BSP expression was also observed in epithelial cells of an ameloblastoma. The neoplastic epithelial nests and cords demonstrated strong mRNA signals to the human BSP probe while the connective tissue stroma showed only a background level of silver grains. Immunostaining also showed deposition of BSP by the odontogenic cells of the tumor. These results demonstrate that BSP is expressed by the enamel‐forming epithelium of developing teeth, suggesting a possible role for BSP in enamel formation and its subsequent mineralization. Expression of the BSP gene in ameloblastomas is consistent with the expression of BSP by the enamel epithelium and also with the expression of BSP by neoplastic tissues, suggesting a possible role in tumorigenesis.
Perceptions of treatment adherence among people with mental health problems and health care professionals
Authors: Kauppi Kaisa , Hätönen Heli , Adams Clive E. , Välimäki Maritta 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAimsTo explore patients' and mental healthcare professionals' perceptions of supportive and restrictive indicators of adherence to treatment in patients with mental health problems.BackgroundPeople with mental health problems may have difficulties adhering to their treatment, causing relapses and hospitalizations. It is, therefore, important to learn more about how patients' treatment adherence can be supported and what jeopardizes adherence.DesignA descriptive qualitative study.MethodsNine focus groups and semi‐structured interviews were conducted in Finland during 2010–2011. The patients (n = 19) were recruited from patient associations and the healthcare professionals (n = 42) from healthcare organizations. The data were analysed using inductive content analysis.FindingsParticipants agreed that treatment adherence can be supported. Suggestions focused on treatment planning mindful of both patient involvement and needs. A structured daily routine helps patients manage their everyday issues and further facilitates adherence. On the other hand, patients found that their adherence was affected by factors related to the mental health system, including arrangements for follow‐up care, access to services, the receptiveness of providers to meet patient needs and a disconnect time between hospital and community life.ConclusionPatient adherence should already be taken into account when treatment is planned. The content of treatment should be individually designed according to the patient's activities of daily life. In addition, stressing the importance of medication and listening to the patient's opinions and experiences of taking medication may improve the patient's willingness to adhere.
Of mice and the ‘Age of Discovery’: the complex history of colonization of theAzorean archipelago by the house mouse (Mus musculus) as revealed by mitochondrialDNAvariation
Authors: Gabriel S. I. , Mathias M. L. , Searle J. B. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractHumans have introduced many species onto remote oceanic islands. The house mouse (Mus musculus) is a human commensal and has consequently been transported to oceanic islands around the globe as an accidental stowaway. The history of these introductions can tell us not only about the mice themselves but also about the people that transported them. Following a phylogeographic approach, we used mitochondrial D‐loop sequence variation (within an 849‐ to 864‐bp fragment) to study house mouse colonization of the Azores. A total of 239 sequences were obtained from all nine islands, and interpretation was helped by previously published Iberian sequences and 66 newly generated Spanish sequences. A Bayesian analysis revealed presence in the Azores of most of the D‐loop clades previously described in thedomesticussubspecies of the house mouse, suggesting a complex colonization history of the archipelago as a whole from multiple geographical origins, but much less heterogeneity (often single colonization?) within islands. The expected historical link with mainland Portugal was reflected in the pattern of D‐loop variation of some of the islands but not all. A more unexpected association with a distant North European source area was also detected in three islands, possibly reflecting human contact with the Azores prior to the 15th century discovery by Portuguese mariners. Widening the scope to colonization of the Macaronesian islands as a whole, human linkages between the Azores, Madeira, the Canaries, Portugal and Spain were revealed through the sharing of mouse sequences between these areas. From these and other data, we suggest mouse studies may help resolve historical uncertainties relating to the ‘Age of Discovery’.
Puffy skin disease (PSD) in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum): a case definition
Authors: Maddocks C E , Nolan E T , Feist S W , Crumlish M , Richards R H , Williams C F 
Published: November 2014

AbstractPuffy skin disease (PSD) is a disease that causes skin pathology in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Incidence of PSD in UK fish farms and fisheries has increased sharply in the last decade, with growing concern from both industry sectors. This paper provides the first comprehensive case definition of PSD, combining clinical and pathological observations of diseased rainbow trout from both fish farms and fisheries. The defining features of PSD, as summarized in the case definition, were focal lateral flank skin lesions that appeared as cutaneous swelling with pigment loss and petechiae. These were associated with lethargy, poor body condition, inappetance and low level mortality. Epidermal hyperplasia and spongiosis, oedema of the dermis stratum spongiosum and a mild diffuse inflammatory cellularity were typical in histopathology of skin. A specific pathogen or aetiology was not identified. Prevalence and severity of skin lesions was greatest during late summer and autumn, with the highest prevalence being 95%. Atypical lesions seen in winter and spring were suggestive of clinical resolution. PSD holds important implications for both trout aquaculture and still water trout fisheries. This case definition will aid future diagnosis, help avoid confusion with other skin conditions and promote prompt and consistent reporting.
Challenge versus hindrance job demands and well‐being: A diary study on the moderating role of job resources
Authors: Tadić Maja , Bakker Arnold B. , Oerlemans Wido G. M. 
Published: November 2014

The present study among 158 primary school teachers in Croatia integrated the challenge‐hindrance stressor framework in job demands–resources (JD–R) theory. We hypothesized that hindrance job demands would be negatively related to well‐being and that job resources could buffer this relationship. In addition, we hypothesized that challenge job demands would be positively related to well‐being and that job resources would boost this relationship. The study employed a quantitative daily diary methodology. Teachers filled out a background questionnaire and a daily diary booklet for three to five consecutive workdays (N = 438 occasions). Results of multilevel analyses showed that daily hindrance job demands had a negative relationship with daily positive affect and work engagement. Daily job resources buffered this relationship. In contrast, daily challenge job demands had a positive relationship with positive affect and work engagement. Daily job resources boosted this relationship. We discuss the implications of these findings for JD–R theory and practice.Practitioner points

High daily job resources foster employee's daily work engagement and positive affect at work particularly when daily challenge demands are high.

High daily job resources buffer the negative impact of high daily hindrance demands on daily work engagement and positive affect at work.

Guidelines are proposed to enhance teachers' and school principals' education and training, as well to contribute to the more optimal workplace design for teachers.
Pubic Hair Preferences, Reasons for Removal, and Associated Genital Symptoms: Comparisons Between Men and Women
Authors: Butler Scott M. , Smith Nicole K. , Collazo Erika , Caltabiano Lucia , Herbenick Debby 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Pubic hair grooming and removal are common behaviors among men and women. However, little is known about the reasons for grooming, preferred pubic hairstyle of sexual partners, and symptoms associated with regular grooming.

Aims
This study aims to assess pubic hair removal/grooming practices, pubic hairstyle preferences, and genital outcomes associated with pubic hair removal among men and women in a college sample.

Methods
Data were gathered from 1,110 participants (671 women and 439 men) at a large public Midwestern university and a small Southern public university.

Main Outcome Measures
Items assessed demographics, pubic hair grooming and removal practices in the past 4 weeks, reasons for pubic hair status, preference for pubic hairstyle of sexual partners, and symptoms associated with removal and grooming.

Results
Most (95%) participants had removed their pubic hair on at least one occasion in the past 4 weeks with shaving being the most commonly reported hair removal technique by women (82%) and men (49%). Women were significantly more likely to report their typical status as hair-free (50% vs. 19%; χ2 = 165.528, P &lt; 0.001) and men were significantly more likely to prefer a hair-free sexual partner (60% vs. 24%; χ2 = 211.712, P &lt; 0.001). Genital itching was experienced on at least one occasion by 80.3% of pubic hair groomers and was the most commonly reported side effect.

Conclusion
Genital grooming and pubic hair removal are common practices among both men and women of college-age. Women are likely to report stronger associations with feelings of cleanliness, comfort, sex appeal, social norms of their peer group, and affordability as reasons for their chosen pubic hair style. Women also report more experiences with genital side effects of pubic hair removal, an expected result as women are removing pubic hair more frequently and more completely than their male counterparts.
Petrography, stable isotope compositions, microRaman spectroscopy, and presolar components of Roberts Massif 04133: A reduced CV3 carbonaceous chondrite
Authors: Davidson Jemma , Schrader Devin L. , Alexander Conel M. O'D. , Lauretta Dante S. , Busemann Henner , Franchi Ian A. , Greenwood Richard C. , Connolly Harold C. , Domanik Kenneth J. , Verchovsky Alexander 
Published: November 2014

AbstractHere, we report the mineralogy, petrography, C‐N‐O‐stable isotope compositions, degree of disorder of organic matter, and abundances of presolar components of the chondrite Roberts Massif (RBT) 04133 using a coordinated, multitechnique approach. The results of this study are inconsistent with its initial classification as a Renazzo‐like carbonaceous chondrite, and strongly support RBT 04133 being a brecciated, reduced petrologic type >3.3 Vigarano‐like carbonaceous (CV) chondrite. RBT 04133 shows no evidence for aqueous alteration. However, it is mildly thermally altered (up to approximately 440 °C); which is apparent in its whole‐rock C and N isotopic compositions, the degree of disorder of C in insoluble organic matter, low presolar grain abundances, minor element compositions of Fe,Ni metal, chromite compositions and morphologies, and the presence of unequilibrated silicates. Sulfides within type I chondrules from RBT 04133 appear to be pre‐accretionary (i.e., did not form via aqueous alteration), providing further evidence that some sulfide minerals formed prior to accretion of the CV chondrite parent body. The thin section studied contains two reduced CV3 lithologies, one of which appears to be more thermally metamorphosed, indicating that RBT 04133, like several other CV chondrites, is a breccia and thus experienced impact processing. Linear foliation of chondrules was not observed implying that RBT 04133 did not experience high velocity impacts that could lead to extensive thermal metamorphism. Presolar silicates are still present in RBT 04133, although presolar SiC grain abundances are very low, indicating that the progressive destruction or modification of presolar SiC grains begins before presolar silicate grains are completely unidentifiable.
Extracellular ATP: a potential regulator of plant cell death
Authors: Feng Hanqing , Guan Dongdong , Bai Jingyue , Sun Kun , Jia Lingyun 
Published: November 2014

SummaryAdenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP) has been regarded as an intracellular energy currency molecule for many years. In recent decades, it has been determined that ATP is released into the extracellular milieu by animal, plant and microbial cells. In animal cells, this extracellular ATP (eATP) functions as a signalling compound to mediate many cellular processes through its interaction with membrane‐associated receptor proteins. It has also been reported that eATP is a signalling molecule required for the regulation of plant growth, development and responses to environmental stimuli. Recently, the first plant receptor for eATP was identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. Interestingly, some studies have shown that eATP is of particular importance in the control of plant cell death. In this review article, we summarize and discuss the theoretical and experimental advances that have been made with regard to the roles and mechanisms of eATP in plant cell death. We also make an attempt to address some speculative aspects to help develop and expand future research in this area.