bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Associate students’ perception of the educational environment at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg
Authors: Dreyer Abigail , Gibbs Audrey , Smalley Scott , Mlambo Motlatso , Pandya Himani 
Published: April 2015

Background: An important determinant of a student’s behaviour and performance is the school’s teaching and learning environment. Evaluation of such an environment can explore methods to improve educational curricula and academic atmosphere.Aim: To evaluate the educational environment of the Bachelor of Clinical Medicine Practice programme as perceived by students at the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.Setting: This cross-sectional study was conducted with all final-year students (n = 25) enrolled in 2011, with a response rate of 88% (n = 22). Students were in two groups based in the Gauteng and North-West provinces.Methods: Data were collected using the Dundee Ready Educational Environmental Measure questionnaire, which was administered to all students. Total and mean scores for all questions were calculated for both groups.Results: The learning environment was given an average score of 130/196 by the students. Individual subscales show that ‘Academic self-perception’ was rated the highest (25/32), whilst ‘Social self-perception’ had the lowest score (13/24). Positive aspects of the academic climate included: student competence and confidence development; student participation in class; constructive criticism provided; empathy in medical profession; and friendships created. Areas for improvement included: feedback provision to students; course time-tables; ensure non-stressful course; provision of good support systems for students; and social life improvement.Conclusion: Students’ perceptions of their learning environment were ‘more positive’ than negative. Results from this study will be used to draw lessons for improving the curriculum and learning environment, improve administrative processes and develop student support mechanisms in order to improve their academic experience
Pluralismo informativo y medios públicos. La involución de TVE en el contexto del cambio político (2012-2013)
Authors: Humanes María Luisa , Fernández Alonso Isabel 
Published: April 2015

Se describe y analizan las políticas adoptadas en España con respecto al modelo de gobierno de TVE tras ganar el Partido Popular las elecciones de 2011. Se abordan las reformas y sus implicaciones para los Servicios Informativos de Televisión Española, así como las consecuencias en la información y el nivel de pluralismo. Metodología: Se ha realizado un análisis de contenido sobre dos muestras de tres semanas del primer trimestre delos años 2012 y 2013 (1294 unidades de análisis). Resultados y conclusiones: La regubernamentalización de los órganos de gestión de RTVE ha incrementado la banalización de los contenidos de la televisión pública, en detrimento de los grandes temas de actualidad. Se advierte una reducción de los puntos de vista y del número de fuentes en la información laboral. Asimismo, esta regubernamentalización se acompaña de un predominio del periodismo interpretativo sobre el descriptivo, con un incremento del tono positivo en las informaciones de carácter económico.
Effect of two Resin Cements and two Fiber Post Surface Treatments on Push-out Bond Strength between Fiber Post and Root Dentin
Authors: Valandro Luiz Felipe , Bergoli César Dalmolin , Druck Carolina Ceolin , Pereira Gabriel Kalil Rocha 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT

Aim
To evaluate the effect of fiber post surface treatments on push-out bond strength between fiber post and root dentin.

Materials and methods
Sixty bovine mandibular teeth (N = 60) were sectioned (16 mm), prepared (12 mm), embedded with acrylic resin and then allocated into six groups (n = 10): Gr1- Silane coupling agent (Sil) + Conventional resin cement AllCem (AlC); Gr2- Sil + Conventional resin cement RelyX ARC (ARC); Gr3- tribochemical silica coating (TBS) + AlC; Gr4– TBS + ARC; Gr5- No treatment (NT) + AlC; Gr6– NT+ ARC. Specimens were sectioned in four slices (2 mm) and submitted to push-out test. Fracture analyses were executed at x200. The values of the push-out bond strength were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (á = 0.05).

Results
Resin cement did not affect the bond strength values (p = 0.9674), fiber post surface treatment affected the push-out bond strength (p = 0.0353), interaction between factors did not affected the values (p = 0.338). Tukey test did not show differences between the groups. Adhesive failure between cement and dentin was predominantly.

Conclusion
The fiber post surface treatment appears have no influence on bond strength between fiber post and root dentin.

Clinical significance
The tested fiber posts surface treatment appears do not influence the fiber post bond behavior.

How to cite this article
Druck CC, Bergoli CD, Pereira GKR, Valandro LF. Effect of two Resin Cements and two Fiber Post Surface Treatments on Push-out Bond Strength between Fiber Post and Root Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(1):7-12.
Immunohistochemical Comparison of p53, Ki-67, CD68, Vimentin, α-smooth Muscle Actin and Alpha-1-Antichymotrypsin in Oral Peripheral and Central Giant Cell Granuloma
Authors: Kujan Omar , Al-Shawaf Ahmad Zahi , Azzeghaiby Saleh , AlManadille Ahmad , Aziz Kusay , Raheel Syed Ahmed 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Giant cell lesions are characterised histologically by multinucleated giant cells in a background of ovoid to spindleshaped mesenchymal cells. There is a major debate whether these lesions are separate entities or variants of the same disease. Our aim was to study the nature of multinucleated and mononuclear cells from peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG), and central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) and giant cell tumor (GCT) of long bones using immunohistochemistry evaluation and to determine whether there is a correlation between recurrence and the markers used.

Materials and methods
Ki-67, p53, Vimentin, smooth muscle specific actin, CD68 and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin were used to study 60 giant cell lesions. These included 26 CGCG, 28 PGCG, and 6 GCT cases using an avidin-biotin-complex immunohistochemistry standard method.

Results
All studied cases showed the same results except the percentage of Ki-67 positive mononuclear cells in PGCG was significantly higher than that of both CGCG and GCT (p < 0.05). Interestingly, no statistical correlation between recurrence and the markers used was found.

Conclusion
Our results may suggest that these lesions have the same histogenesis. The mononuclear stromal cells, both histiocytic and myofibroblastic, are thought to be responsible for the behavior of these lesions whereas the multinucleated cells are considered as reactive. This might support the argument that PGCG, CGCG and GCT are different variants for the same disease. Further studies using molecular techniques are required to elucidate why some of these lesions behave aggressively than others.

How to cite this article
Kujan O, Al-Shawaf AZ, Azzeghaiby S, AlManadille A, Aziz K, Raheel SA. Immunohistochemical Comparison of p53, Ki-67, CD68, Vimentin, α-smooth Muscle Actin and Alpha-1-Antichymotrypsin in Oral Peripheral and Central Giant Cell Granuloma. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(1):20-24.
Self-reported Occupational Health Problems among Libyan Dentists
Authors: Arheiam Arheiam , Ingafou Mohamed 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To investigate the prevalence of the most common occupation-related health problems as well as factors associated with their incidence among dental practitioners.

Materials and methods
A cross-sectional, questionnairebased survey of Libyan dental practitioners. Participants provided information regarding their experience of occupationally related problems they encountered over the past 12 months which included inquiries about musculoskeletal pain, percutaneous injuries, allergy, eye and sight problems, and hearing problems.

Results
Musculoskeletal problems were the most frequently reported (48.2%), followed by percutaneous injuries (35%), eye problems (22%), allergy (11%) and hearing problems (7.6%). Musculoskeletal problems were significantly higher among dentists who work in private sector, full timer as well as those who prefer to work in a sitting position (p = 0.021, 0.027 and 0.008, respectively). Practitioners with less than 5 years in service reported significantly higher percentage of percutaneous injuries (p = 0.027) than their senior counterparts, whereas practitioners who spent more than 10 years in service were more likely to suffer from visual disturbances (p = 0.033).

Conclusion
The findings of this study indicate that musculoskeletal problems and percutaneous injuries are the most commonly reported occupational health problems among dentists, whereas allergic reactions and hearing problems are the least reported ones.

Clinical significance
Dentists should use alternate working positions to minimise musculoskeletal problems and adopt more effective strategies to prevent percutaneous injuries particularly among novices.

How to cite this article
Arheiam A, Ingafou M. Self-reported Occupational Health Problems among Libyan Dentists. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(1):31-35.
Students’ Self-assessment: A Learning Tool and Its Comparison with the Faculty Assessments
Authors: Habib Syed Rashid , Sherfudhin Haneef 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT

Objective
This study compared the student's self-grades versus the examiners grades, inter examiner grades and grades of anterior with posterior teeth in a preclinical prosthodontic course.

Methods
75 students and 2 examiners participated in the study. The students prepared one anterior (upper central incisor) and one posterior (lower first molar) teeth for full veneer crowns in allocated time of 2 hours and 30 minutes. After the preparations, the students self-graded their preparations based on criteria-based evaluation forms. The examiners also completed the grading for the prepared teeth. All the grades were recorded, comparisons were made using SPSS version 21 and results tabulated.

Results
The means of grades (8.32) by the students themselves were found to be higher compared to the examiners grades (7.3) for the anterior as well as posterior teeth. Comparison of the grades for the anterior/posterior teeth and the overall grades showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.000). A moderate correlation (0.399) and a strong correlation (0.601) were found between the grades of the faculty and the students for the anterior and posterior teeth respectively. The overall grading for the anterior and posterior teeth by the two faculty members showed no statistically significant difference (p = 0.053) and a very strong correlation (0.784). The results of the test showed a significant difference (p = 0.001) between the overall grading for anterior and posterior teeth.

Conclusion
Students tended to grade their teeth preparations higher compared to the examiner grades, inter examiner variation in the grades existed and the grades of the anterior teeth were higher compared to the posterior teeth.

How to cite this article
Habib SR, Sherfudhin H. Students’ Self-assessment: A Learning Tool and Its Comparison with the Faculty Assessments. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(1):48-53.
Chemical and Structural Characterization of Glass Ionomer Cements indicated for Atraumatic Restorative Treatment
Authors: Borges Alvaro Henrique , Bandéca Matheus Coelho , Guedes Orlando Aguirre , Nakatani Mariana Kyosen , de Araújo Estrela Cyntia Rodrigues , de Alencar Ana Helena Gonçalves , Estrela Carlos 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
Glass ionomer cements (GICs) are restorative materials, which clinical use has increased significantly during the last decade. The aim of the present study was to analyze the chemical constitution and surface morphology of four glass ionomer cements: Maxxion R, VitroFill, Vidrion R and Vitremer. Twelve polyethylene tubes with an internal diameter of 3 and 3 mm in length were prepared, filled and then transferred to a chamber with 95% relative humidity and a temperature of 37°C. The surface morphology of the tested materials was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and main components were investigated by energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX). Scanning electron microscopy revealed irregular and rough external surface. Cracking was not observed. The main constituents were found to be aluminum, silicon, calcium, sodium and fluoride. Phosphorus, sulfur and barium were only observed in Vidrion R, while chlorine were only observed in Maxxion R. Elemental mapping of the outer surface revealed high concentration of aluminum and silicon. Significant irregularities on the surface of the tested materials were observed. The chemical constitution of all GIC was similar.

How to cite this article
Guedes OA, Borges ÁH, Bandeca MC, Nakatani MK, de Araújo Estrela CR, de Alencar AHG, Estrela C. Chemical and Structural Characterization of Glass Ionomer Cements indicated for Atraumatic Restorative Treatment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(1):61-67.
Endodontic Management of C-shaped Root Canal System of Mandibular First Molar by using a modified Technique of Self-adjusting File System
Authors: Helvacioglu-Yigit Dilek 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT

Aim
C-shaped canal system is a seldom-found root canal anatomy which displays a challenge in all stages of endodontic treatment. According to the literature, this type of canal morphology is not a common finding in the mandibular first molar teeth.

Background
This case report presents endodontic management of a mandibular first molar with a C-shaped canal system.

Case report
Root canal system was cleaned and shaped by nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments combined with selfadjusting file (SAF). Obturation was performed using warm, vertical condensation combined with the injection of warm gutta-percha. Follow-up examination 12 months later showed that the tooth was asymptomatic. The radiological findings presented no signs of periapical pathology.

Clinical significance
The clinician must be aware of the occurence and complexity of C-shaped canals in mandibular first molar teeth to perform a successful root canal treatment. The supplementary use of SAF after application of rotary instruments in C-shaped root canals might be a promising approach in endodontic treatment of this type of canal morphology.

How to cite this article
Helvacioglu-Yigit D. Endodontic Management of C-shaped Root Canal System of Mandibular First Molar by using a modified Technique of Self-adjusting File System. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(1):77-80.
Interradicular Septum as Guide for Pilot Drill in Postextractive Implantology: A Technical Note
Authors: Haddad Elias El , Lauritano Dorina , Carinci Francesco 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
The extraction of teeth results in rapid bone resorption both vertically and horizontally in the first month. The loss of alveolar ridge reduces the chance of implant rehabilitation. The atraumatic extraction, implant placement in extraction socket, and an immediate prosthesis have been proposed as alternative therapies to maintain the volume and contours tissue and reduce time and cost of treatment. Thus, this paper aims to present a clinical case where the extraction was performed using interradicular septum as guide for pilot drill in postextractive implantology with implant placement and immediate provisionalization in a inferior molar. The advantages of this technique are to place the implant exactly in the center of the alveolar ridge, to mantain the edges of the alveolar ridge and reduce postextractive bone resorption, and has great advantages in final prosthetic rehabilitation.

How to cite this article
Haddad EE, Lauritano D, Carinci F. Interradicular Septum as Guide for Pilot Drill in Postextractive Implantology: A Technical Note. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(1):81-84.
Comparing Caregiver and Clinician Predictions of Fitness to Drive in People With Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Bixby Kimberly , Davis Jennifer D. , Ott Brian R. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis observational study investigated family caregiver and clinician ratings of 75 drivers with Alzheimer’s disease against scores on a standardized road test and a naturalistic driving evaluation. Clinician ratings by a physician specialized in dementia were significantly associated with road test error scores (r = .25, p = .03) but not naturalistic driving errors or global ratings of road test and naturalistic driving performance. Caregiver ratings were unrelated to either driving assessment, with two exceptions; adult child ratings of driving ability were correlated with road test error scores (r = .43, p = .02), and spousal ratings were inversely correlated with global ratings. Clinician ratings of driving competence were modestly correlated with road test performance, but caregiver ratings were more complex. Adult children may be more accurate reporters of driving ability than spouses, possibly because of less personal bias, but the reasons behind this discrepancy need further investigation.
Development and Evaluation of the Lifestyle History Questionnaire (LHQ) for People Entering Treatment for Substance Addictions
Authors: Martin Linda M. , Triscari Robert , Boisvert Rosemary , Hipp Kristi , Gersten Jennifer , West Rachel C. , Kisling Elizabeth , Donham Aaron , Kollar Naomi , Escobar Patricia 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We developed and investigated the psychometric properties of the Lifestyle History Questionnaire (LHQ), a self-report instrument designed to measure the extent of occupational dysfunction attributable to substance abuse.
METHOD. The instrument was developed using concepts in the ecological models of occupational therapy and in the work of William L. White, who defined addiction culture in terms of the patterns of life in context. We analyzed data from two field tests using both classical test theory and item response theory.
RESULTS. The final version of the instrument has 70 items, 1 unifying construct, and 8 subscales. We found it to be valid and reliable (α = .93) for measuring the extent of occupational dysfunction and specific areas of strengths and weaknesses.
CONCLUSION. The LHQ is a promising new instrument, the first of its kind to measure occupational dysfunction in context for people with substance addictions.
Goals Set After Completing a Teleconference-Delivered Program for Managing Multiple Sclerosis Fatigue
Authors: Asano Miho , Preissner Katharine , Duffy Rose , Meixell Maggie , Finlayson Marcia 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Setting goals can be a valuable skill to self-manage multiple sclerosis (MS) fatigue. A better understanding of the goals set by people with MS after completing a fatigue management program can assist health care professionals with tailoring interventions for clients. This study aimed to describe the focus of goals set by people with MS after a teleconference-delivered fatigue management program and to evaluate the extent to which participants were able to achieve their goals over time. In total, 485 goals were set by 81 participants. Over a follow-up period, 64 participants rated 284 goals regarding progress made toward goal achievement. Approximately 50% of the rated goals were considered achieved. The most common type of goal achieved was that of instrumental activities of daily living. Short-term goals were more likely to be achieved. This study highlights the need for and importance of promoting and teaching goal-setting skills to people with MS.
Effects of Deep Pressure Stimulation on Physiological Arousal
Authors: Reynolds Stacey , Lane Shelly J. , Mullen Brian 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Deep pressure stimulation has been used in therapeutic practice because of the assumption that it changes physiological arousal. The purpose of this study was to test the effects of deep pressure stimulation, applied with a Vayu Vest (Therapeutic Systems), on both autonomic arousal and performance in a normative adult sample. A repeated-measures, repeated-baseline design was used with participants completing a performance test before and after deep pressure application. A convenience sample of 50 adults participated in the study. Results showed that wearing the Vayu Vest for even short periods of time reduced sympathetic arousal and non–stimulus-driven electrical occurrences. Concomitant increases in parasympathetic arousal were found. Performance improvements were noted after wearing the Vayu Vest, potentially because of changes in arousal. We conclude that deep pressure stimulation is capable of eliciting changes in autonomic arousal and may be a useful modality in diagnostic groups seen by occupational therapy practitioners.
Role of Sonographic Imaging in Occupational Therapy Practice
Authors: Roll Shawn C. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Occupational therapy practice is grounded in the delivery of occupation-centered, patient-driven treatments that engage clients in the process of doing to improve health. As emerging technologies, such as medical imaging, find their way into rehabilitation practice, it is imperative that occupational therapy practitioners assess whether and how these tools can be incorporated into treatment regimens that are dually responsive to the medical model of health care and to the profession’s foundation in occupation. Most medical imaging modalities have a discrete place in occupation-based intervention as outcome measures or for patient education; however, sonographic imaging has the potential to blend multiple occupational therapy practice forms to document treatment outcomes, inform clinical reasoning, and facilitate improved functional performance when used as an accessory tool in direct intervention. Use of medical imaging is discussed as it relates to occupational foundations and the professional role within the context of providing efficient, effective patient-centered rehabilitative care.
Habilidad de cuidado y nivel de sobrecarga en cuidadoras/es informales de personas dependientes
Authors: Eterovic Claudia Alejandra , Mendoza Parra Sara Elisa , Sáez Carrillo Katia Lorena 
Published: April 2015

Objetivo: Conocer la relación entre la habilidad de cuidado y el nivel de sobrecarga de las/los cuidadoras/es informales de personas dependientes que pertenecen al Programa de Apoyo al cuidado domiciliario de personas postradas de toda edad, con discapacidad severa o pérdida de autonomía de la Región de Magallanes, Chile.<br />Material y método: Estudio de abordaje cuantitativo, de corte transversal y diseño descriptivo-correlacional cuya muestra de 151 cuidadoras/es fue no probabilística, por conveniencia. La habilidad de cuidado con sus dimensiones: conocimiento, paciencia y valor se midió con el Inventario de habilidad de Cuidado y las variables independientes se midieron con la Escala de Sobrecarga de Zarit y una Encuesta que recogió datos demográficos y derivados de la actividad de cuidar.<br />Resultados: Se encontró relación significativa negativa entre la habilidad de cuidado total y la sobrecarga de las/los cuidadoras/res, es decir, a menor habilidad de cuidado, más intenso es el nivel de sobrecarga que experimentan.<br />Conclusiones: Las/os cuidadoras/es informales poseen habilidad de cuidado con un nivel alto de conocimiento y paciencia para la labor de cuidar y ello se relaciona con la ausencia de sobrecarga. El valor se encuentra mayoritariamente en nivel medio, encontrándose relación positiva con la sobrecarga.<p> </p><p> </p>