bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facile Preparation of MXene Decorated PANI/Lignosulfonate Nanocomposite Film Electrodes for Electrochemical Supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Mingkun , Xie Hangming , He Zhiwei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMXenes are a large family of two‐dimensional transition‐metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides with large surface area and metal conductivity. They have not been widely used as electrodes in the field of supercapacitors because of their low specific capacity, poor chemical stability, and tendency towards self‐stacking. Herein, a three‐component nanocomposite film electrode has been successfully achieved, consisting of MXene nanosheets, polyaniline (PANI), and lignosulfonate (LGS). The PANI‐LGS nanocomposite was prepared through the oxidative polymerization of PANI in the presence of LGS, and then MXene decorated PANI/LGS (labeled as MPL) nanocomposite films were facilely self‐assembled via a vacuum‐assisted filtration by using the dispersion. Compared with pure PANI and PANI‐LGS, the MPL nanocomposite film electrode possesses better conductivity, showing a high specific capacitance of 559 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s and a capacity retention rate of 92.2 % after 1000 cycles at a current density of 10 A/g. This study demonstrates that the doping of LGS and MXene can significantly improve the electrochemical performance of PANI‐based composite materials. Thus, the convenient preparation and excellent electrochemical performance of MPL show great potentials in the application of high‐performance electrodes for supercapacitors.
Synthesis of Novel 6‐(2‐Thienyl)‐2,2′‐Bipyridine Ligands Using “1,2,4‐Triazine” Methodology: an Unexpected Demethylation During the Aza‐Diels‐Alder Reaction with 2,5‐Norbornadiene
Authors: Shtaitz Yaroslav K. , Ladin Evgeny D. , Valieva Maria I. , Kopchuk Dmitry S. , Nikonov Igor L. , Zyryanov Grigory V. , Khalymbadzha Igor A. , Fatykhov Ramil F. , Sharutin Vladimir V. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNew 2‐(di)methoxythienyl substituted ligands of the 2,2′‐bipyridine series containing various aromatic substituents at the C3 position were obtained in yields of up to 90 %. A “1,2,4‐triazine” methodology involving an SNH reaction in 1,2,4‐triazine followed by an aza‐Diels‐Alder reaction with 2,5‐norbornadiene was used to synthesize the target compounds. When the Diels‐Alder reaction was carried out in an autoclave, an unexpected demethylation reaction was observed, leading to the formation of oxo‐thienyl substituted products. A mechanism for the reaction that occurred has been proposed on the basis of identified byproducts. Preliminary studies on the photophysical and coordination properties of the obtained compounds were also carried out. In particular, the possibility of obtaining a platinum(II) complex with the demethylation product was demonstrated.
Additive‐Controlled Divergent [4+2] Cycloaddition and 1,4‐Michael Addition Reaction of Benzofuran‐Derived Azadienes with Enamides: Access to Decahydrobenzofuro[3,2‐b]quinolines
Authors: Tian Yuqi , Shi Ruijie , Gao Limei , Zheng Yongsheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe describe herein the additive‐controlled divergent [4+2] cycloaddition and 1,4‐Michael addition reaction of benzofuran‐derived azadienes (BDAs) with enamides. An unprecedented [4+2] cycloaddition reaction of BDAs and enamide compounds was developed in the presence of 4 Å MS, providing a variety of structurally complex decahydrobenzofuro[3,2‐b]quinolines (13 examples) in moderate to excellent yields (59–98 % yields) with single diastereoisomer obtained. While employing MgSO4 as desiccant, the chemoselectivity was switched to the 1,4‐addition reactions, leading to a wide range of highly functionalized hybrids of benzofurans and enamide compounds (25 examples) in 25–94 % yields under mild conditions.
Azaspiroketal as Novel Auxochrome for Enhancing the Fluorescence Brightness and Solubility of Naphthalimide and Nitrobenzoxadiazole Dyes
Authors: Indurthi Harish K. , Goswami Pooja , Das Samarpita , Saha Pallavi , Koch Biplob , Sharma Deepak K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe majority of fluorescence imaging techniques make considerable use of fluorescent dyes. Nevertheless, many structural modification techniques currently in use could not adjust the fluorophores′ properties (such as brightness, photostability, water solubility, and permeability). Herein, we report azaspiroketal‐based auxochrome on naphthalimide and nitrobenzoxadiazole dyes. Their photophysical parameters revealed higher brightness and solubility than their azetidine counterparts in aqueous solution. Computational experiments were performed to study the electronic effect of azetidine and azaspiroketal on both dyes. Cytotoxicity assay indicated that azaspiroketal‐based fluorophores are safe to use for their biological application. The photobleaching studies and successful application of new dyes in bioimaging were demonstrated in MDA‐MB‐231 cell lines.
Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extracts of Dillenia Indica and Mikania Micrantha: Investigation of their Potential as Photocatalysts and Antibacterial Agents
Authors: Sarifujjaman Md. , Pal Protap Kumar , Saha Prianka , Rahman S. M. Mahbubur , Islam Md. Emdadul , Rahman Md. Mahbubor , Habib Md. Ahsan , Mahiuddin Md. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe fields of biomedicine and catalysis have both shown a great deal of interest in copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs). Green synthesis methods are being frequently employed to develop highly active CuONPs. This research investigates the potential photocatalytic and antibacterial applications of two CuONPs that were synthesized utilizing extracts from Dillenia indica (D‐CuONPs) and Mikania micrantha (M‐CuONPs) leaves. Analysis using electron microscopy revealed that CuONPs are uniformly spherical and average size around 15 nm. The development of single‐phase CuONPs with a monoclinic structure is shown by X‐ray diffraction studies. The FTIR peaks at 695 cm−1 and 860 cm−1 represent a stretching of Cu−O, signifying the formation of CuO nanostructure. The EDX profiles stated that the CuONPs are correlated with compliantly intensified Cu and O signals. Under solar irradiation, around 90 % of congo red (CR) dye was degraded by both CuONPs in 120 min, with the rate constants of 0.0187 and 0.0174 min−1, respectively. Furthermore, CuONPs have excellent antibacterial activity against bacteria belonging to both Gram classes. Overall, CuONPs hold great potential for inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria and for degrading organic dyes in the presence of sunlight. As such, they can be manufactured on a large scale using plant sources.
Who captures the state? Evidence from irregular awards in a public innovation grant program
Authors: Wang Yanbo , Siegel Jordan , Li Jizhen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResearch summaryThis study utilizes the administrative data of an innovation grant program in a major emerging economy to study which firms are best positioned to capture the state and access resources beyond what their rule‐complying merits command. We trace the grant allocation process and directly observe occurrences of rule‐violating funding. We show that firms vary in capability to secure irregular awards, depending on factors such as geographic proximity and the social and bureaucratic setting within which entrepreneurs and officials interact. Furthermore, by comparing the actual allocation of irregular awards with the counterfactual scenario in which recipients were evaluated solely based on grant rules, we conclude that crony capitalism, rather than bureaucratic heroism, is the primary driver of irregular awards.Managerial summaryGovernments often use innovation grant programs to promote firm innovation, but these programs sometimes fail to achieve their objectives due to grant officials violating policy rules to provide resources to undeserving firms. We study a public funding program in a major emerging economy to analyze the bureaucratic structure and the social dynamics within which entrepreneurs and bureaucrats interact to identify the sources of state‐resource misallocation. We find that geographic distance, intragovernmental checks and balances, and the lack of direct social intermediary connecting entrepreneurs with bureaucrats help reduce the likelihood of collusion for state‐resource misallocation. Our results generate insights to help guide the (re)design of public funding programs, particularly in countries with low levels of transparency and public accountability.
Making business model decisions like scientists: Strategic commitment, uncertainty, and economic performance
Authors: Novelli Elena , Spina Chiara 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryThis study abductively investigates how a firm's degree of business model development—the extent to which strategic choices are crystallized—moderates the impact of a scientific approach to decision‐making on performance. We present findings from a field experiment involving 261 entrepreneurs, where treated entrepreneurs learn to apply a scientific approach, while control counterparts receive comparable content without this approach. Results show that the effect of scientific decision making varies with business model development. Treated entrepreneurs with higher degrees of business model development elaborated their theories of value focusing on lower‐level choices, achieving superior economic performance compared to controls. Conversely, treated entrepreneurs with lower levels of business model development reevaluated fundamental aspects, resulting in increased epistemic uncertainty and less favorable short‐term economic outcomes compared to controls.Managerial AbstractUsing a field experiment with 261 entrepreneurs, we explored how the degree of business strategy definition influences the benefits of adopting a scientific approach to decision‐making. In the experiment, half of the entrepreneurs were taught to use a scientific approach for making decisions (the treated group), while the others received similar training without the scientific approach (the control group). Results show that treated entrepreneurs with already defined strategies benefited more, experiencing improved performance even in the short term. Conversely, treated entrepreneurs with strategies still under definition experienced more uncertainty and lower short‐term economic performance, as the scientific approach prompted them to reassess and adjust their core strategic decisions.
Supercrystal Engineering of Nanoarrows Enabled by Tailored Concavity
Authors: Chen Cheng , Wang Qian , Wang Peijian , Dai Mengqi , Jiang Xin , Zhou Jihan , Qi Limin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSelf‐assembly of nanoparticles into supercrystals represents a powerful approach to create unique and complex superstructures with fascinating properties and novel functions, but the complexity in spatial configuration, and the tunability in lattice structure are still quite limited compared to the crystals formed by atoms and molecules. Herein, shallowly concave gold nanoarrows with a unique concave‐convex geometry are synthesized and employed as novel building blocks for shape‐directed self‐assembly of a wealth of complex 3D supercrystals with unprecedented configurations. The obtained diverse superstructures including six Interlocking‐type supercrystals and three Packing‐type supercrystals exhibit four types of Bravais lattices (i.e., tP, oI, tI, and oF) and six types of crystallographic space groups (i.e., Pmmm, I222, Pnnm, Ibam, I4/mmm, and Fmmm), which have not been documented in the mesoscale self‐assembled systems. It has been revealed that the relative yield of different supercrystal structures is mainly determined by the packing density and deformability of the supercrystals, which are closely related to the tailored concavity of the nanoparticles and is affected by the particle concentration, thus allowing for programmable self‐assembly into specific supercrystals through particle shape modulation. The concavity‐enabled supercrystal engineering may open a new avenue toward unconventional nanoparticle superstructures with expanded complexity, tunability, and functionality.
Axial compressive performance of RC columns strengthened with prestressed CFRP fabric and UHPC jacket with spiral stirrups
Authors: Wang Qiang , Liang Xu‐hua , Liu Xin , Guo Shi‐ping , Lu Chun‐ling 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo address the issue of easy shearing damage of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) in enhancing the axial compressive performance of CFRP and Ultra‐High‐Performance Concrete (UHPC) strengthened concrete columns, two methods, prestressed CFRP and UHPC with spiral stirrups, were employed for composite strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) columns. A total of one unstrengthened column and eight strengthened columns were designed and fabricated to validate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. The axial compressive performance and bearing capacity of each specimen were analyzed by considering parameters such as single or composite strengthening method, presence of spiral stirrups in UHPC, and application of pre‐stressed CFRP. The results show that, compared with any single strengthened specimen, the ultimate bearing capacity of the composite strengthened specimen is greater than the sum of the corresponding single strengthened specimens, and the bearing capacity of the prestressed CFRP with spiral stirrup UHPC composite strengthened specimen is the most significant, reaching 235.63%. By incorporating spiral stirrups in the UHPC jacket, the phenomenon of uneven fragmentation during the failure of the strengthened column is improved. This helps prevent premature shearing damage of CFRP and enhances the fracture strain and effective utilization of CFRP. Additionally, prestressed CFRP effectively restrains the lateral deformation and crack development of the core concrete in the UHPC jacket, fully utilizing the high compressive strength of UHPC. This further enhances the ultimate bearing capacity and ductility of the specimens. Based on the experimental phenomena and strain of each material, the failure mechanism of prestressed CFRP‐spiral reinforced UHPC composite‐strengthened columns is proposed. Finally, a unified bearing capacity calculation formula for single and composite strengthened columns is established, based on the theory of confined concrete strength and the assumption of strength increment superposition. The formula is validated with experimental results from relevant literature, showing small errors in the calculated results and indicating good applicability of the formula.
Letter to the Editor re. 'Enhancing diagnostic value in urethral imaging: the case for urologist‐performed urethrograms'
Authors: Shkoukani Zakaria W , Pina Ines M , Omar Ahmad M , Floyd Michael S 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA letter about the article on urologist‐led urethrography by Harrison et al. that appeared in the March/April 2024 issue (Trends in Urology & Men's Health 2024;15(2):5‐10.)
Dislodgement and aspiration of a tooth during endotracheal intubation in a cat
Authors: Makepeace Charles Henry , Khenissi Latifa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA 25‐week‐old Oriental shorthair cat was anaesthetised to perform computed tomography and bronchoscopy. During endotracheal intubation, a deciduous premolar was contacted with the laryngoscope blade, dislodged, and subsequently aspirated into the trachea. The tooth was removed via bronchoscopy, and the cat was recovered in the intensive care unit due to the development of laryngeal oedema. The risk factors for tooth dislodgement in the cat and proposed improvements in the immediate period after dislodgement are discussed in this report.
Forensic intelligence: Expanding the potential of forensic document examination
Authors: Devlin Ciara , Morelato Marie , Baechler Simon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractForensic document examination is characterized by its longevity, diversity, and evolution over time. Predominantly, published research within this field has focused on handwriting examination, the articulation of forensic conclusions, and the development of technical instrumental advancements, focusing on the use of document examination in the resolution of casework. This is a persistent and common problem within forensic science that Kirk identified in 1963 and that other authors have reaffirmed more recently. Ultimately, this has resulted in the potential of forensic intelligence, remaining relatively underexplored in the field of document examination. Forensic intelligence is a different way to view and analyze traces, shifting the focus from the traditional identification of source and activity, to instead identifying trends in criminal activity to assist in the reduction, prevention, and proactive disruption of crime. Despite a distinct disparity between these strands of research, there has been a persevering evolution toward the implementation of a systematic forensic intelligence method for the examination of fraudulent identity documents. Since its initial inception into the research community, this method has expanded and been implemented across Europe, and Canada, with tests also being conducted in Australia. These first tangible steps toward a forensic intelligence capacity within document examination have also inspired new work using forensic intelligence and systematic comparisons within the field of handwriting examination, as well as the recognition of the transversal potential of this method, with it being applied to both physical and digital documents. In this review, the fields of document examination and forensic intelligence will first be introduced, along with a subsequent examination of the research that has led to the creation of a forensic intelligence model within the field of document examination. It should be noted that this review has largely been limited to a review of research that has been published in English and French due to the language of the authors.This article is categorized under:
Crime Scene Investigation > From Traces to Intelligence and Evidence
Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence > Emerging Technologies and Methods
Crime Scene Investigation > Epistemology and Method
Update of the Atmospheric Attraction Computation Service (Atmacs) for High-Precision Terrestrial Gravity Observations
Authors: Antokoletz Ezequiel D. , Wziontek Hartmut , Klügel Thomas , Balidakis Kyriakos , Dobslaw Henryk 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Atmospheric attraction computation service (Atmacs) of BKG provides atmospheric corrections for terrestrial high-precision gravity measurements based on operational weather models of the German Weather Service (DWD). In Atmacs, Newtonian attraction and deformation contributions to atmospheric loading are computed separately. The attraction component benefits from the discrete 3D distribution of air masses around the station, while deformation effects are derived from surface atmospheric pressure changes assuming that the oceans respond to atmospheric forcing as an Inverse Barometer (IB). Several improvements in the modelling approach of Atmacs are presented. A revision of the IB hypothesis implementation revealed that the attraction component over oceans was overestimated. A modification of the IB implementation not only resolves this issue but further enhances the compatibility between the atmospheric modelling and ocean models. This allows to complement Atmacs with non-tidal ocean loading effects, here based on the Max-Plank-Institute for Meteorology Ocean Model (MPIOM). These updates allow for a consistent combination of atmospheric and ocean models and a more efficient reduction of the signal recorded by high-precision terrestrial gravimeters.
Unfolding Innovation Through the Digitalisation of Institutional Practices
Authors: Sadownik Alicja R. , Fleer Marilyn , Fragkiadaki Glykeria , Rai Prabhat , Ødegaard Elin Eriksen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis chapter introduces Part IV, which presents the understanding of a crisis that is relevant to the chapters in this section. As the chapters report on the dialectics of searching and re-searching for new methods of continuation of academic practices (lecturing and research), the understanding of a crisis embraces a continuous vibrating and pivoting between contradictory meanings, digital and physical spaces and innovations and their uninnovative consequences. Another important perspective on crises and the dialectics of ‘innovating out of it’ discussed in this chapter relates to the different effects of innovations on individuals with different positions in academia. While PhD students received institutional support in the form of access to supervisors’ data and their universities’ networks, allowing them to redefine and continue their research projects, the undergraduate students became invisible black screens, gradually dropping out of the educational programmes, regardless of the teacher educators’ sense of increasing competence for digital teaching and learning.
How do emotions respond to outcome values and influence choice?
Authors: Grimani Aikaterini , Yemiscigil Ayse , Wang Qing , Kirilov Georgi , Kudrna Laura , Vlaev Ivo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEmotions powerfully, predictably, and pervasively influence decision making. The risk-as-feelings hypothesis states that two kinds of emotions are important in decision-making, anticipatory emotions and anticipated emotions. We empirically investigated whether and how anticipatory and anticipated emotions may change as a function of outcome values and whether anticipatory or anticipated emotions may explain the influence of outcome values on risky choice. To study the effects of value on emotions and choice, we offered people hypothetical large amounts ($100, $200, $300, $400) and incentivized moderate amounts ($10, $20, $30, $40) as prospects in gambles over two consecutive studies. Using a representative sample from the US to ensure the generalizability of the findings, each participant in our two studies made choices in gain and loss domains. Overall, anticipatory and anticipated emotions responded very similarly to changes in value for the sure gains in both studies. The findings also indicated that both anticipatory and anticipated emotions explained the effects of the value on choice for the sure gain and sure losses, while both mediated the effect of framing on choice towards the sure and the gamble option. Although anticipatory emotions mediated a larger portion of the effect, anticipated emotions also show some mediation.
Melt compounding of spray-dried cellulose nanofibrils/polypropylene and their application in 3D printing
Authors: Hwang Sungjun , Han Yousoo , Gardner Douglas J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicro- and nano-scale cellulosic fillers exhibit excellent dispersion and distribution within a thermoplastic matrix during the process of melt compounding or injection molding. In this study, spray-dried cellulose nanofiber (SDCNF) powders were manufactured using a pilot-scale rotating disk atomizer spray dryer. Bleached Kraft pulp (BKP), unbleached Kraft pulp (UKP), and old corrugated cardboard pulp (OCC) fibrillated at a fines level of 90% were used as feedstock materials for spray-drying. BKP-, UKP-, and OCC- SDCNFs were compounded with polypropylene using a twin screw co-rotating extruder. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) was used as a coupling agent in the composite formulations. The tensile, flexural, and impact properties of SDCNF-filled PP composites increased at 10 wt% SDCNF loading. The presence of SDCNFs in the PP matrix resulted in faster crystallization and a 12% reduction in the degree of crystallinity of the neat PP. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of neat PP was reduced by up to 31% attributable to the presence of the SDCNFs. Application of the SDCNF-reinforced PP composites in 3D printing reduced the shrinkage rate of the printed neat PP by 39%, and the printability of the PP was significantly improved with the addition of the SDCNFs.