bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilizing Entropy of Cadence to Optimize Cycling Rehabilitation in Individuals With Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Kim Younguk , Smith Brittany E. , Shigo Lara M. , Shaikh Aasef G. , Loparo Kenneth A. , Ridgel Angela L. 
Published: August 2024

Background Previous studies have established that increased Sample Entropy (SampEn) of cadence, a measure of non-linear variability, during dynamic cycling leads to greater improvements in motor function for individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, there is significant variability in responses among individuals with PD due to symptoms and disease progression. Objectives The aim of this study was to develop and test a paradigm for adapting a cycling exercise intervention using SampEn of cadence and rider effort to improve motor function. Methods Twenty-two participants were randomized into either patient-specific adaptive dynamic cycling (PSADC) or non-adaptive (NA) group. SampEn of cadence was calculated after each of the 12 sessions, and motor function was evaluated using the Kinesia test. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to analyze the relationship between SampEn of cadence and motor function improvement. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was used to identify the strongest predictors of motor function improvement. Results Pearson’s correlation coefficient revealed a significant correlation between SampEn of cadence and motor function improvements ( R2 = −.545, P = .009), suggesting that higher SampEn of cadence led to greater motor function improvement. MLR demonstrated that SampEn of cadence was the strongest predictor of motor function improvement (β = −8.923, t = −2.632, P = .018) over the BMI, Levodopa equivalent daily dose, and effort. Conclusions The findings show that PSADC paradigm promoted a greater improvement in motor function than NA dynamic cycling. These data will be used to develop a predictive model to optimize motor function improvement after cycling in individuals with PD.
The Shape of Bigfoot: Transmuting Absences into Credible Knowledge Claims
Authors: Lewis Jamie , Bartlett Andrew 
Published: August 2024

Bigfoot exists. If not as a biological creature, then as a cultural object about which people know with a high degree of stability. It also exists as an object which some people organise their lives around. Those who collect evidence of Bigfoot’s existence as a biological creature are known as Bigfooters. Among the most persuasive forms of evidence that they collect are witness accounts of encounters with Bigfoot. Since the 1960s, there have been organised efforts to collect and sort these accounts; for example, thousands are now available online through the Bigfoot Field Researchers Organization (BFRO). Notably, many Bigfooters report that it was an encounter of their own which was the catalyst for them to get actively involved in this research. The article is part of a larger project examining the epistemic community of Bigfooting, which has involved 166 semi-structured interviews with people involved in Bigfooting and the subject of Bigfoot. These interviews explore the way in which Bigfooters make and contest knowledge, and during these interviews scores of participants shared personal tales of their own close encounters. We add to the work in the sociology of mystery by exploring the ways in which these stories are used to make knowledge claims. We argue that these stories ‘make room’ for Bigfoot by constructing an absence which can then be filled by what we know to be the ‘shape’ of Bigfoot, literally and figuratively. We also show how our interviewees present themselves as legitimate interpreters of these absences; when making an incredible claim in a field known for hoaxes, there is an imperative to be seen as credible and not credulous.
Preoperative anxiety, postoperative pain tolerance and analgesia consumption: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Qaddumi Jamal , Arda Ali Mohammad , Alkhawaldeh Abdullah , ALBashtawy Mohammed , Abdalrahim Asem , ALBashtawy Sa’d , Al Omari Omar , Bashtawi Mahmoud , Masa’deh Rami , ALBashtawy Zaid , Mohammad Khitam Ibrahem , ALBashtawy Bayan , Aljezawi Ma’en , Khatatbeh Haitham , Ta’an Wafa’a , Suliman Mohammad , Al Dameery Khloud , Bani Hani Salam 
Published: August 2024

Background: Anxiety affects the patient’s perception of postoperative pain and causes a significant increase in the consumption of analgesia postoperatively. Objective: This study assesses the relationship between preoperative anxiety, postoperative pain and postoperative pethidine consumption. Methods: A prospective cohort design was used. Data were collected from 100 patients who were undergoing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy at St Joseph Hospital, Jerusalem. Pain-controlled analgesia with pethidine was utilised to manage pain throughout the postoperative period. The visual analogue scale scores and pethidine consumption of all patients were recorded. Findings: Participants’ mean level of pain was higher in the preoperative period (mean visual analogue scale = 1.3) compared with their mean level of pain in the postoperative period (mean visual analogue scale = 0.5). There is a statistically significant difference between the participants’ level of anxiety and postoperative pain level (p < 0.001). Gender, weight, level of education and smoking were predictors of developing preoperative anxiety. Also, gender, smoking and medication were statistically significant predictors of developing postoperative pain. Furthermore, gender, medical history and medication were statistically significant predictors of pethidine consumption postoperatively. Conclusions: The preoperative anxiety reduction intervention should be promoted and implemented as routine care for all surgical patients.
Comparison of the Impacts of Different Middle Ear Mucosal Conditions on Type I Tympanoplasty Outcomes
Authors: Han Yu , Yang Runqin , Mao Xiaobo , Li Rui , Song Yongli , Shi Hui , Feng Yani , An Xiaogang , Zha Dingjun , Chen Yang 
Published: August 2024

Background This study aimed to explore the impacts of different middle-ear mucosal conditions on the outcomes of type I tympanoplasty. Methods A retrospective analysis of 164 patients with chronic otitis media was carried out. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to their mucosal condition. Preoperative hearing levels and air-bone gap (ABG) before and after surgery were compared via the Kruskal‒Wallis H test. The chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test were used to assess the postoperative complications and impact factors of functional success. Results Preoperatively, neither the air conduction nor bone conduction values differed significantly among groups with different mucosal conditions. All of the ABG closed dramatically after type I tympanoplasty ( P < .05) regardless of the mucosal conditions. The functional success rates were lower when the intratympanic mucosa was moderately or severely edematous compared with mildly edematous or normal ( P < .05). The disease course, perforation site, and perforation size, as well as the status of the opposite ear, were not related to the auditory functional outcome. The differences in postoperative reotorrhea and reperforation among the 4 groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion Preoperative hearing levels were not affected by middle-ear mucosal conditions. The functional success rate was influenced by mucosal conditions, but hearing levels were significantly enhanced after surgical intervention regardless of the mucosal status. Postoperative complications were not related to the mucosal conditions. Thus, type I tympanoplasty is adoptable for mucosal abnormalities when pharmacotherapy cannot result in a healthy tympanum.
Necessary Factors for Efficient Frontal Sinus Irrigation After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Qi Yingting , Hong Junsheng , Wu Dawei 
Published: August 2024

Objective The frontal sinus remains a challenging site for irrigation due to its position relative to the nostril and ethmoid sinus. This study aims to summarize the necessary factors for efficient irrigation of the frontal sinus after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) among patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Methods Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic literature review was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases to identify studies assessing the effect of frontal sinus irrigation in patients with CRS, cadaver models, or 3D-printed models of the sinonasal cavity after ESS. Results Of the initial 206 abstracts reviewed, 18 full-text articles were included. The degree of the frontal sinus ostium opening after ESS was found to be associated with the efficacy of frontal sinus irrigation. More extensive frontal sinus surgeries tended to increase frontal sinus penetration. A Draf IIA procedure was identified as the minimum standard to achieve sufficient irrigation in the frontal sinus. Due to decreased backpressure in the nasal passage, increasing septectomy in Draf III did not significantly improve irrigation delivery. Squeeze bottles achieved significantly higher irrigation flow in the frontal sinus than syringes and pulsating devices. Large-volume irrigation devices provided better irrigation for the frontal sinus by entering or flushing the entire frontal sinus. The head position influenced the frontal sinus irrigation by altering the ostia position relative to fluid flow and vertical height of the frontal sinus during irrigation. While the vertex down head position was likely to enhance frontal sinus irrigation, the comfort of the head position and patient compliance should be considered. Conclusion Elements for optimization of frontal sinus irrigation are a minimum of a Draf IlA procedure for frontal sinus dissection, use of large-volume irrigation, and vertex down head positioning. Developing comfortable head positions with high frontal sinus irrigation efficiency would increase patient compliance and improve outcomes. Level of Evidence: NA.
Anti-Inflammatory and Immunoregulatory Effects of Xiaoqinglong Decoction on a Murine Model of Combined Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Syndrome
Authors: Zhao Jingyi , Yan Xinyu , Wang Man , Han Jinshuai , Wang Junge 
Published: August 2024

Background Xiaoqinglong Decoction (XQLD) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and asthma, including combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome (CARAS), due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-seizure properties. However, the pharmacological activities and the underlying molecular mechanisms of XQLD remain to be elucidated . Hence, we investigated the effects of XQLD against inflammation in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced CARAS model in BALB/c mice. Methods BALB/c mice were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection and aerosol inhalation of OVA. XQLD or dexamethasone was administered by oral gavage prior to OVA challenge for 7 consecutive days. Specific airway resistance (sRAW) was evaluated 24 h after the final challenge with OVA. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the levels of serum inflammatory factors. The nasal mucosa and lung tissue were examined for general morphology and goblet hyperplasia using hematoxylin and eosin or periodic acid Schiff staining. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze the frequencies of helper T lymphocytes in peripheral blood. Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the expression of transcription factors in helper T lymphocytes and γδ TCR. Results XQLD significantly ameliorated the symptoms of CARAS model mice, suppressed serum levels of interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-17, while increasing levels of IL-10, transforming growth factor-β. Epithelium impairment, cilia loss, eosinophil infiltration, and goblet cell metaplasia were significantly reduced in the nasal mucosa and lung tissue sections. XQLD restored the balance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cell frequency in peripheral blood. Furthermore, XQLD down-modulated the expression of GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3), retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt, and γδ T cell receptor (TCR) in the nasal mucosa, along with GATA3 and γδ TCR in the lung tissue. Conclusions XQLD alleviated OVA-induced CARAS in BALB/c mice through its anti-allergic effects and modulation of the immune system.
Enhancing postoperative anticoagulation therapy with remote patient monitoring: A pilot crossover trial study to evaluate portable coagulometers and chatbots in cardiac surgery follow-up
Authors: Guede-Fernández Federico , Silva Pinto Tiago , Semedo Helena , Vital Clara , Coelho Pedro , Oliosi Maria Eduarda , Azevedo Salomé , Dias Pedro , Londral Ana 
Published: August 2024

Objective Prior research has not assessed the value of remote patient monitoring (RPM) systems for patients undergoing anticoagulation therapy after cardiac surgery. This study aims to assess whether the clinical follow-up through RPM yields comparable outcomes with the standard protocol. Methods A crossover trial assigned participants to SOC-RPM or RPM-SOC, starting with the standard of care (SOC) for the first 6 months after surgery and using RPM for the following 6 months, or vice-versa, respectively. During RPM, patients used the Coaguchek© to accurately measure International Normalized Ratio values and a mobile text-based chatbot to report PROs and adjust the therapeutic dosage. The study assessed patients’ and clinicians’ experience with RPM and compared direct costs. Results Twenty-seven patients participated. The median time in therapeutic range (TTR) levels during RPM were 72.2% and 50.6% for the SOC-RPM and RPM-SOC arms, respectively, and during SOC, they were 49.4% and 58.4% for SOC-RPM and RPM-SOC arms, respectively. Patients and the clinical team reported high trust and satisfaction with the proposed digital service. Statistically significant differences were only found in the cost of RPM in the RPM-SOC, which was higher than SOC in the SOC-RPM arm. Conclusions Portable coagulometers and chatbots can enhance the remote management of patients undergoing anticoagulation therapy, improving patient experience. This presents a promising alternative to the current standard procedure. The results of this study seem to suggest that RPM may have a higher value when initiated after a SOC period rather than starting RPM immediately after surgery. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06423521.
Exploring nurses’ awareness and attitudes toward artificial intelligence: Implications for nursing practice
Authors: Alruwaili Majed Mowanes , Abuadas Fuad H. , Alsadi Mohammad , Alruwaili Abeer Nuwayfi , Elsayed Ramadan Osama Mohamed , Shaban Mostafa , Al Thobaity Abdulellah , Alkahtani Saad Muaidh , El Arab Rabie Adel 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionWorldwide, healthcare systems aim to achieve the best possible quality of care at an affordable cost while ensuring broad access for all populations. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare holds promise to address these challenges through the integration of real-world data-driven insights into patient care processes. This study aims to assess nurses’ awareness and attitudes toward AI-integrated tools used in clinical practice.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional design captured nurses’ responses at three governmental hospitals in Saudi Arabia by using an online questionnaire administered over 4 months. The study involved 220 registered nurses with a minimum of one year of clinical experience, selected through a convenience sampling method. The online survey consisted of three sections: demographic information, an assessment of nurses’ AI knowledge, and the general attitudes toward the AI scale.ResultsNurses displayed “moderate” levels of awareness toward AI technology, with 70.9% having basic information about AI and only 58.2% (128 nurses) were considered “aware” of AI as they dealt with one of its healthcare applications. Nurses expressed openness to AI integration ( M = 3.51) on one side, but also had some concerns about AI. Nurses expressed conservative attitudes toward AI, with significant differences observed based on gender (χ² = 4.67, p < 0.05). Female nurses exhibited a higher proportion of negative attitudes compared to male nurses. Significant differences were also found based on age (χ² = 9.31, p < 0.05), with younger nurses demonstrating more positive attitudes toward AI compared to their older counterparts. Educational background yields significant differences (χ² = 6.70, p < 0.05), with nurses holding undergraduate degrees exhibiting the highest positive attitudes. However, years of nursing experience did not reveal significant variations in attitudes.ConclusionHealthcare and nursing administrators need to work on increasing the nurses’ awareness of AI applications and emphasize the importance of integrating such technology into the systems in use. Moreover, addressing nurses’ concerns about AI's control and discomfort is crucial, especially considering generational differences, with younger nurses often having more positive attitudes toward technology. Change management strategies may help overcome any hindrances.
Sociodemographic factors and health digital divide among urban residents: Evidence from a population-based survey in China
Authors: Yang Yanbin , Ma Chengyu 
Published: August 2024

Background The deep integration of digital technology and healthcare services has propelled the healthcare system into the era of digital health. However, vulnerable populations in the field of information technology, they face challenges in benefiting from the digital dividends brought by digital health, leading to the emerging phenomenon of the “health digital divide.” Methods This study utilized the sample of 3547 urban from the 2021 Chinese Social Survey data for analysis. Models were constructed with digital access divide, digital usage divide, and digital outcome divide for urban residents, and structural equation modeling was implemented for analysis. Results The impact β coefficients (95% CI) of urban residents’ digital access on the frequency of digital use, internet healthcare utilization, and patient experience were (β = 0.737, P < 0.001), (β = 0.047, P < 0.05), and (β = 0.079, P < 0.001), respectively. Urban elderly groups were at a disadvantage in digital access and usage (β = −0.007, β = −0.024, and β = −0.004), as well as those with lower educational levels (β = 0.109, β = 0.162, and β = 0.045). However, these two factors did not have a significant direct impact on the patient experience in urban areas. Conclusions The health digital divide of urban residents exhibits a cascading effect, primarily manifested in the digital access and usage divide. To bridge health digital divide among urban residents, efforts must be made to improve digital access and usage among the elderly and those with lower educational levels.
Development of a patient-centered transition program for stroke survivors and their informal caregivers, combining case-management and access to an online information platform: A user-centered design approach
Authors: Delvallée Marion , Marchal Mathilde , Termoz Anne , Habchi Ouazna , Derex Laurent , Schott Anne-Marie , Haesebaert Julie 
Published: August 2024

Background During the hospital-to-home transition, stroke survivors and their caregivers face a significant lack of support and information which impacts their psychosocial recovery. We aimed to co-design a program combining individual support by a trained case-manager (dedicated professional providing individual support) and an online information platform to address needs of stroke survivors and caregivers. Methods A two-step methodology was used. The first step followed a “user-centered design” approach during four workshops with stroke survivors, caregivers, and healthcare professionals to develop the platform and define the case-manager profile. The second step was a usability test of the platform following a Think Aloud method with patients and caregivers. The workshops and interviews were analyzed following a qualitative thematic analysis. The analysis of Think Aloud interviews was based on User Experience Honeycomb framework by Morville. Results Eight participants attended the workshops: two patients, two caregivers, three nurses, and a general practitioner. Activities, training, and skills of the case-manager were defined according to stroke survivors and caregivers needs. Name, graphics, navigation, and content of the platform were developed with the participants, a developer and a graphic designer. The usability of the platform was tested with 5 patients and 5 caregivers. The Think Aloud confirmed satisfaction with graphics and content but a need for improvement regarding the navigability. An update of the platform was conducted in order to answer the needs expressed by participants. Conclusion We developed, with a participatory approach, a patient-centered transition program, which will be evaluated in a randomized controlled trial.
GLUT5-overexpression-related tumorigenic implications
Authors: Hadzi-Petrushev Nikola , Stojchevski Radoslav , Jakimovska Anastasija , Stamenkovska Mimoza , Josifovska Slavica , Stamatoski Aleksandar , Sazdova Iliyana , Sopi Ramadan , Kamkin Andre , Gagov Hristo , Mladenov Mitko , Avtanski Dimiter 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGlucose transporter 5 (GLUT5) overexpression has gained increasing attention due to its profound implications for tumorigenesis. This manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of the key findings and implications associated with GLUT5 overexpression in cancer. GLUT5 has been found to be upregulated in various cancer types, leading to alterations in fructose metabolism and enhanced glycolysis, even in the presence of oxygen, a hallmark of cancer cells. This metabolic shift provides cancer cells with an alternative energy source and contributes to their uncontrolled growth and survival. Beyond its metabolic roles, recent research has unveiled additional aspects of GLUT5 in cancer biology. GLUT5 overexpression appears to play a critical role in immune evasion mechanisms, which further worsens tumor progression and complicates therapeutic interventions. This dual role of GLUT5 in both metabolic reprogramming and immune modulation highlights its significance as a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target. Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving GLUT5 overexpression is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic strategies that can disrupt the unique vulnerabilities of GLUT5-overexpressing cancer cells. This review emphasizes the complexities surrounding GLUT5’s involvement in cancer and underscores the pressing need for continued research to unlock its potential as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target, ultimately improving cancer management and patient outcomes.