bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of a risk‐based intervention bundle to prescribe and implement interventions to prevent pressure injury: An observational study
Authors: Fulbrook Paul , Lovegrove Josephine , Ven Saroeun , Schnaak Sarah , Nowicki Tracy 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo explore the relationship between the prescription and implementation of pressure injury preventative interventions following risk assessment combined with a risk‐stratified intervention bundle.DesignSingle‐centre, cross‐sectional, observational, prospective.MethodsThe charts and bedsides of 341 adult inpatients were examined. Data collection included pressure injury risk level, prescribed preventative interventions and evidence of intervention implementation.ResultsMost patients (68.6%) were at risk of pressure injury, and most interventions were prescribed according to their risk level. However, evidence from direct observation and/or documentation indicated intervention implementation rates were relatively poor. Of nine interventions mandated for all patients, compliance with three patient‐/carer‐focused interventions was particularly poor, with evidence indicating they had been implemented for 3%–10% of patients. Also, nutritional screening‐related interventions were implemented poorly. Clinically indicated implementation of heel‐elevation devices and bariatric equipment was low for at‐risk patients, and the implementation of interventions for patients with existing pressure injuries was suboptimal. Significant proportions of several interventions that were observed as having been implemented were not documented as such.ConclusionWhile most interventions were prescribed according to patient risk level, the overall implementation of interventions was poor. However, the results may in part be due to failure to document interventions as opposed to omitting them.Implications for Patient CareDocumentation of interventions is crucial as it provides evidence of the care provided. An increased focus on documentation of pressure injury preventative interventions is required, with a clear distinction between prescription and implementation.ImpactThe results highlighted several deficiencies in care, particularly relating to evidence of implementation, patient involvement and nutritional screening. The results from this study will be used to inform and improve future pressure injury prevention practice within the study hospital and should be used to inform and benchmark pressure injury preventative practices in other hospitals.Reporting MethodThe study adheres to STROBE guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionNone.
Exploring the relationship between cultural and structural workforce issues and retention of nurses in general practice: A qualitative study protocol
Authors: Anderson Helen , Brady Louise , Adamson Joy 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAim(s)The aim of this study is to understand factors that challenge retention and support nurses to stay in general practice.BackgroundOne in four general practice nurse positions in England expected to be left unfilled within the next 10 years. Cultural and structural issues associated with working in general practice have been linked with nurses leaving general practice, re‐evaluating their professional futures, adjusting work‐life balance and bringing forward retirement. This has implications for the future of the general practice nursing workforce and patient care more broadly.DesignExploratory qualitative interview study funded by the General Nursing Council Trust for England and Wales. University of York ethics approval (Ref: HSRGC/2023/586/A) was gained in September 2023. The study will be conducted between September 2023 and August 2024.MethodsQualitative interviews will be conducted with a range of nurses working in, or who have worked in, general practice as well as nurse leaders associated with general practice across England and Wales. Recruitment will be via professional and social media networks and snowballing techniques. We aim to purposively recruit 30–40 participants for maximum variation. Cultural and structural influences which may contribute to retention decisions will be explored. Data will be analysed following framework analysis.Discussion/ConclusionThis study will explore how underpinning cultural and structural issues may impact on retention of this highly skilled professional group and identify factors to support retention.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareBy exploring factors that support or discourage nurses to remain in general practice, retention strategies can be better planned on order to address the general practice nursing workforce crisis.ImpactWhat problem did the study address? This study will address the retention crisis in nursing in general practice by exploring how cultural and structural issues may impact on retention of this highly skilled professional group and identify factors to support retention.Where and on whom will the research have an impact? From the study findings, recommendations will be developed to inform future policy and practice. Key factors to address attrition will be generated to support employers and policy makers in future primary care workforce planning, as well as supporting nurses, at an individual level, in negotiating their roles in practice.Reporting MethodStandards for Reporting Qualitative Research (O'Brien et al., 2014).Patient or Public ContributionAs this is a workforce study protocol, there is no patient or public contribution.
Genetic variant profiling of neonatal diabetes mellitus in Iranian patients: Unveiling 58 distinct variants in 14 genes
Authors: Mianesaz Hamidreza , Ghalamkari Safoura , Abbasi Farzaneh , Razzaghy‐Azar Maryam , Sayarifard Fatemeh , Vakili Rahim , Sedghi Maryam , Noroozi Asl Samaneh , Hosseini Sousan , Amoli Mahsa M , Yaghootkar Hanieh 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionNeonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare non‐immunological monogenic disorder characterized by hyperglycemic conditions primarily occurring within the first 6 months of life. The majority of cases are attributed to pathogenic variants in genes affecting beta‐cell survival, insulin regulation, and secretion. This study aims to investigate the genetic landscape of NDM in Iran.MethodsWe recruited a total of 135 patients who were initially diagnosed with diabetes at <12 months of age in Iran and referred to pediatric endocrinology clinics across the country. These patients underwent genetic diagnostic tests conducted by the Exeter Molecular Genetics Laboratory in the UK. The pathogenic variants identified were sorted and described based on type, pathogenicity (according to ACMG/AMP criteria), novelty, and the affected protein domain.ResultsGenetic defects were identified in 93 probands, presenting various pathogenic abnormalities associated with NDM and its associated syndromes. 76% of the patients were born as a result of consanguineous marriage, and a familial history of diabetes was found in 43% of the cases. A total of 58 distinct variants in 14 different genes were discovered, including 20 variants reported for the first time. Causative variants were most frequently identified in EIF2AK3, KCNJ11, and ABCC8, respectively. Notably, EIF2AK3 and ABCC8 exhibited the highest number of novel variants.DiscussionThese findings provide valuable insights into the genetic landscape of NDM in the Iranian population and contribute to the knowledge of novel pathogenic variants within known causative genes.
Baduanjin for ischemic heart failure with mildly reduced/preserved ejection fraction (BEAR Trial): A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Jingen , Yu Meili , Wang Yanhui , Li Siming , Li Siwei , Feng Xue , Li Ruijie , Chen Keji , Xu Hao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimWhile Baduanjin, a traditional Chinese mind‐body exercise, has shown potential health benefits, its efficacy in improving outcomes for heart failure patients with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFmrEF/HFpEF) has not been well documented. We aimed to investigate the adjunctive impact of Baduanjin on exercise capacity and quality of life for HFmrEF/HFpEF.MethodsPatients with HFmrEF/HFpEF were enrolled in this multicenter randomized clinical trial. All participants were randomized to conventional cardiac rehabilitation with or without an additional 12‐week Baduanjin exercise. The primary endpoint was the distance covered in a 6‐min walk test (6MWD), while key secondary outcomes included quality of life measured by the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) and cardiopulmonary function including anaerobic threshold (VO2 AT).ResultsA total of 120 patients were enrolled, and 109 completed all session and tests. The mean age of the 120 patients was 60.5 years (SD, 9.21 years), and 23 (19.2%) were women. The Baduanjin group exhibited a 6.14% improvement in 6MWD compared to a 1.32% improvement in the control group (median improvement, 25.0 vs. 5.0 m; p < 0.001) at 12th week. The VO2 AT increased by 25.87% in the Baduanjin group versus 3.94% in the control group (p < 0.001). Quality of life also significantly improved in the Baduanjin group as indicated by MLHFQ score changes (–16.8% vs. –3.99%; p < 0.001).ConclusionsAdding Baduanjin to exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for patients with ischemic HFmrEF or HFpEF are generally safe and could provide significant improvements in exercise capacity and quality of life.
Life‐sustaining treatment decisions and family evaluations of end‐of‐life care for Veteran decedents in Department of Veterans Affairs nursing homes
Authors: Levy Cari , Esmaeili Aryan , Smith Dawn , Hogikyan Robert V. , Periyakoil Vyjeyanthi S. , Carpenter Joan G. , Sales Anne , Phibbs Ciaran S. , Murray Andrew , Ersek Mary 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundModeled after the Physician Orders for Life Sustaining Treatment program, the Veterans Health Administration (VA) implemented the Life‐Sustaining Treatment (LST) Decisions Initiative to improve end‐of‐life outcomes by standardizing LST preference documentation for seriously ill Veterans. This study examined the associations between LST documentation and family evaluation of care in the final month of life for Veterans in VA nursing homes.MethodsRetrospective, cross‐sectional analysis of data for decedents in VA nursing homes between July 1, 2018 and January 31, 2020 (N = 14,575). Regression modeling generated odds for key end‐of‐life outcomes and family ratings of care quality.ResultsLST preferences were documented for 12,928 (89%) of VA nursing home decedents. Contrary to our hypothesis, neither receipt of wanted medications and medical treatment (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63, 1.16) nor ratings of overall care in the last month of life (adjusted OR: 0.96, 95% CI 0.76, 1.22) differed significantly between those with and without completed LST templates in adjusted analyses.ConclusionsAmong Community Living Center (CLC) decedents, 89% had documented LST preferences. No significant differences were observed in family ratings of care between Veterans with and without documentation of LST preferences. Interventions aimed at improving family ratings of end‐of‐life care quality in CLCs should not target LST documentation in isolation of other factors associated with higher family ratings of end‐of‐life care quality.
A spatial–temporal map of glutamatergic neurogenesis in the murine embryonic cerebellar nuclei uncovers a high degree of cellular heterogeneity
Authors: Casoni Filippo , Croci Laura , Marroni Francesca , Demenego Giulia , Marullo Chiara , Cremona Ottavio , Codazzi Franca , Consalez G. Giacomo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe nuclei are the main output structures of the cerebellum. Each and every cerebellar cortical computation reaches several areas of the brain by means of cerebellar nuclei processing and integration. Nevertheless, our knowledge of these structures is still limited compared to the cerebellar cortex. Here, we present a mouse genetic inducible fate‐mapping study characterizing rhombic lip‐derived glutamatergic neurons of the nuclei, the most conspicuous family of long‐range cerebellar efferent neurons. Glutamatergic neurons mainly occupy dorsal and lateral territories of the lateral and interposed nuclei, as well as the entire medial nucleus. In mice, they are born starting from about embryonic day 9.5, with a peak between 10.5 and 12.5, and invade the nuclei with a lateral‐to‐medial progression. While some markers label a heterogeneous population of neurons sharing a common location (BRN2), others appear to be lineage specific (TBR1, LMX1a, and MEIS2). A comparative analysis of TBR1 and LMX1a distributions reveals an incomplete overlap in their expression domains, in keeping with the existence of separate efferent subpopulations. Finally, some tagged glutamatergic progenitors are not labeled by any of the markers used in this study, disclosing further complexity. Taken together, our results obtained in late embryonic nuclei shed light on the heterogeneity of the excitatory neuron pool, underlying the diversity in connectivity and functions of this largely unexplored cerebellar territory. Our findings contribute to laying the groundwork for a comprehensive functional analysis of nuclear neuron subpopulations.
Nursing practices on sexual health for people with neurological disorders: A narrative review
Authors: Lefebvre Sandrine , Cousin Lorraine , Bourmaleau Julie , Rohé Séverine , Devictor Julie , Martin Philippe , Jovic Ljiljana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsTo identify and describe nursing practices on the sexual health of people with neurological disorders.DesignNarrative review.MethodsData were extracted from 1 January 2002, to 20 May 2021. Inclusion criteria were nursing practices, sexual health and people with neurological disorders. The main outcome measures were: context of nursing practice implementation (assumptions, knowledge, strategies and skills), facilitators of and barriers to addressing and treating the sexual health of people with neurological disorders, and benefits of nursing practices in sexual health. PRISMA reporting guidelines were used.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect and CINAHL.ResultsIn total, 926 articles were identified and nine were included. The involvement of nurses was recommended in most studies. Assumptions about the impact of neurology on sexuality and nurse's role in sexual healthcare, biopsychosocial knowledge, and skills (ethical, interpersonal, and technical) were highlighted. We found that the modes of knowledge proposed by Carper were mobilized in an unequal way. Sexual difficulties were the key focus and eroticization concerns were not addressed in any of the articles.ConclusionSeveral studies advocate nursing intervention; however, few accurately present, detail and evaluate sexual health nursing practices of patients with neurological pathologies. Literature describes practices structured around disorders rather than the potentials, fails to address the brake of eroticism and provides little information on the results of interventions.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareDeveloping teaching programs on sexual health in nursing programs may be necessary if nurses are to support a diverse range of patients in an inclusive and positive manner. These programs should highlight the domain‐specific knowledge that is mobilized.ImpactSexual health is a fundamental human right. Alterations in the nervous system have shown to affect sexual health, however, it is not often discussed among patients with neurological disorders, who are rarely provided with sexual health counselling. Our findings may impact healthcare professionals engaged in care with these patients.Reporting MethodPRISMA.No patient or public contribution.
High dispersal ability versus migratory traditions: Fine‐scale population structure and post‐glacial colonisation in bar‐tailed godwits
Authors: Conklin Jesse R. , Verkuil Yvonne I. , Lefebvre Margaux J. M. , Battley Phil F. , Bom Roeland A. , Gill Robert E. , Hassell Chris J. , ten Horn Job , Ruthrauff Daniel R. , Tibbitts T. Lee , Tomkovich Pavel S. , Warnock Nils , Piersma Theunis , Fontaine Michaël C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn migratory animals, high mobility may reduce population structure through increased dispersal and enable adaptive responses to environmental change, whereas rigid migratory routines predict low dispersal, increased structure, and limited flexibility to respond to change. We explore the global population structure and phylogeographic history of the bar‐tailed godwit, Limosa lapponica, a migratory shorebird known for making the longest non‐stop flights of any landbird. Using nextRAD sequencing of 14,318 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms and scenario‐testing in an Approximate Bayesian Computation framework, we infer that bar‐tailed godwits existed in two main lineages at the last glacial maximum, when much of their present‐day breeding range persisted in a vast, unglaciated Siberian‐Beringian refugium, followed by admixture of these lineages in the eastern Palearctic. Subsequently, population structure developed at both longitudinal extremes: in the east, a genetic cline exists across latitude in the Alaska breeding range of subspecies L. l. baueri; in the west, one lineage diversified into three extant subspecies L. l. lapponica, taymyrensis, and yamalensis, the former two of which migrate through previously glaciated western Europe. In the global range of this long‐distance migrant, we found evidence of both (1) fidelity to rigid behavioural routines promoting fine‐scale geographic population structure (in the east) and (2) flexibility to colonise recently available migratory flyways and non‐breeding areas (in the west). Our results suggest that cultural traditions in highly mobile vertebrates can override the expected effects of high dispersal ability on population structure, and provide insights for the evolution and flexibility of some of the world's longest migrations.
Survival and population size of the Indo‐Pacific humpback dolphins off the eastern Leizhou Peninsula
Authors: Lin Wenzhi , Chen Shenglan , Liu Binshuai , Zheng Ruiqiang , Serres Agathe , Lin Mingli , Liu Mingming , Li Songhai 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIndo‐Pacific humpback dolphins form a resident population off the east coast of Leizhou Peninsula (LZP) in South China. The most recent study suggested ~1,500 individuals in this area, making this population one of only two populations of this species exceeding 1,000 individuals. However, demographic information regarding this population has been lacking since 2012. Using a 5‐year (2019–2023) photo‐identification data set, we examined two key demographic parameters of the LZP population, namely the apparent survival and population size, using multistate capture‐recapture analyses. Annual survival probabilities (φ) changed over time, fluctuating between 0.942 and 0.961 for adults, and between 0.787 and 0.837 for juveniles. Jolly‐Seber multistate model analyses resulted in highly comparable noncalf population size estimates from 2020 to 2023 (2020 = 479, SE = 28; 2021 = 458, SE = 29; 2022 = 481, SE = 27; 2023 = 446, SE = 31). By reviewing the available demographic information, we conclude that the population size of LZP humpback dolphins has been previously overestimated. The time‐dependent survivals seemingly reflect a dynamic development of anthropogenic disturbance during the pandemic period. We propose that the population status should be re‐evaluated, especially in the postpandemic era when the human activities came back to “normal” levels.
Class I TCP transcription factors TCP14 and TCP15 promote axillary branching in Arabidopsis by counteracting the action of Class II TCP BRANCHED1
Authors: Gastaldi Victoria , Nicolas Michael , Muñoz‐Gasca Aitor , Cubas Pilar , Gonzalez Daniel H. , Lucero Leandro 
Published: July 2024

Summary

Shoot branching is determined by a balance between factors that promote axillary bud dormancy and factors that release buds from the quiescent state. The TCP family of transcription factors is classified into two classes, Class I and Class II, which usually play different roles. While the role of the Class II TCP BRANCHED1 (BRC1) in suppressing axillary bud development in Arabidopsis thaliana has been widely explored, the function of Class I TCPs in this process remains unknown.

We analyzed the role of Class I TCP14 and TCP15 in axillary branch development in Arabidopsis through a series of genetic and molecular studies.

In contrast to the increased branch number shown by brc1 mutants, tcp14 tcp15 plants exhibit a reduced number of branches compared with wild‐type. Our findings provide evidence that TCP14 and TCP15 act by counteracting BRC1 function through two distinct mechanisms. First, they indirectly reduce BRC1 expression levels. Additionally, TCP15 directly interacts with BRC1 decoying it from chromatin and thereby preventing the transcriptional activation of a set of BRC1‐dependent genes.

We describe a molecular mechanism by which Class I TCPs physically antagonize the action of the Class II TCP BRC1, aligning with their opposite roles in axillary bud development.
FBLN2 is associated with Goldenhar syndrome and is essential for cranial neural crest cell development
Authors: Niu Xiaomin , Zhang Fuyu , Gu Wei , Zhang Bo , Chen Xiaowei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGoldenhar syndrome, a rare craniofacial malformation, is characterized by developmental anomalies in the first and second pharyngeal arches. Its etiology is considered to be heterogenous, including both genetic and environmental factors that remain largely unknown. To further elucidate the genetic cause in a five‐generation Goldenhar syndrome pedigree and exploit the whole‐exome sequencing (WES) data of this pedigree, we generated collapsed haplotype pattern markers based on WES and employed rare variant nonparametric linkage analysis. FBLN2 was identified as a candidate gene via analysis of WES data across the significant linkage region. A fbln2 knockout zebrafish line was established by CRISPR/Cas9 to examine the gene's role in craniofacial cartilage development. fbln2 was expressed specifically in the mandible during the zebrafish early development, while fbln2 knockout zebrafish exhibited craniofacial malformations with abnormal chondrocyte morphologies. Functional studies revealed that fbln2 knockout caused abnormal chondrogenic differentiation, apoptosis, and proliferation of cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs), and downregulated the bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signaling pathway in the zebrafish model. This study demonstrates the role of FBLN2 in CNCC development and BMP pathway regulation, and highlights FBLN2 as a candidate gene for Goldenhar syndrome, which may have implications for the selection of potential screening targets and the development of treatments for conditions like microtia‐atresia.