bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying habitat modification by Chinese pangolin in subtropical forests of southern China
Authors: SUN Song , WEI Shichao , DOU Hongliang , CHEN Shaolian , GAO Haiyang , YANG Jinzhen , WANG Jingxin , ZHANG Yulin , ZHANG Yihang , GUO Ruiping , ZHANG Sheng , DU Yumei , GAO Ruiqi , KUANG Yuanwen , HUA Yan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe excavation of Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) is expected to alter habitat heterogeneity and thus affect the functioning and structure of forest ecosystems. In this study, the bioturbation of Chinese pangolin on forest soils in three regions (Heping, Tianjingshan, and Wuqinzhang) across Guangdong province was quantified. Overall, a mean of 2.66 m3·ha−1 and 83.1 m2·ha−1 of burrows and bare mounds, respectively, was excavated by Chinese pangolin; the disturbed soils had significantly lower water content and P, C, available N concentrations, but higher bulk density, pH, and microbial abundance than those undisturbed soils. The unevenness of habitat heterogeneity improvement was mainly ascribed to the stronger soil disturbance caused in resting burrows by pangolins. Patterns of altering habitat heterogeneity were site‐specific, with high‐intensity soil disturbance occurring most in shrubs, meadows, steep habitats at high elevations, and mountain tops in Heping, while in broad‐leaved, coniferous and mixed coniferous and broad‐leaved forests away from human settlements in Tianjingshan and upper mountains at high elevations far away from roads and human settlements in Wuqinzhang. Road networks are the main interference for the burrow distribution in Heping and Wuqinzhang and should be programmed.
Direct comparative assessment of radial and transect surveys to document wild mammal activity across diverse habitat types
Authors: Duggan Lily M. , Tarimo Lucia J. , Walsh Katrina A. , Kavishe Deogratius R. , Crego Ramiro D. , Elisa Manase , Mombo Felister , Butler Fidelma , Killeen Gerry F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWild mammals are often difficult to directly observe, especially in woodland and forest habitats with dense vegetation, so surveys of largely indirect signs of their activities (e.g. tracks and spoor) are often a more practical option for monitoring populations. This study compared two different approaches to surveying largely indirect indicators of activity by a range of wild mammals across a gradient of ecosystem integrity in southern Tanzania. Surveys of all such signs of wild mammal activity detected around all identifiable surface water bodies within a 2 km radius of 32 convenient camping locations with perennial surface water were complemented on alternative days with similar surveys along transects between each camp and the next camp that required similar time and effort. For most of the wild mammal species detected, radial surveys around water bodies proved more sensitive than those along transects between them, because the former approach samples distinct and convenient locations that attract most animal species. Transect surveys were found to be more sensitive for only sable (Hippotragus niger) and spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta), which are known to routinely commute considerable distances across their home ranges, and for greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) that seldom drink surface water.
Use of flank laparoscopy in the standing horse as a diagnostic aid in horses with chronic abdominal pain
Authors: Pudert Tanja , Cruz Antonio M. , Röcken Michael 
Published: July 2024

SummaryBackgroundReaching a specific diagnosis in horses with chronic or recurrent abdominal pain may be challenging and elusive.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to report indications, findings and outcomes of equine exploratory laparoscopy in a case series to support its diagnostic value and identify potential limitations.Study designRetrospective cases series.MethodsSixty‐nine client‐owned horses underwent laparoscopic exploration of the abdomen due to chronic colic symptoms. All horses were operated standing while sedated and under local anaesthesia. Diagnosis, follow‐up, surgical or medical interventions, as well as intra‐ and postoperative complications were recorded.ResultsA definitive diagnosis could be made by laparoscopy in 61 horses. However, no abnormal findings were found by laparoscopic exploration of the abdominal cavity in eight horses. Overall, the sensitivity of diagnostic laparoscopy in the standing horse in our study was 88% and its specificity was 15%. No severe intra‐ or postoperative complications occurred. Exploratory flank laparoscopy in the standing horse can be a valuable diagnostic tool for chronic abdominal pain.Main limitationsThe limitations of the present study are its retrospective nature, missing some details in the reports. In addition, no long‐term follow‐up was available for the horses which underwent surgical intervention, and whether the colic signs reoccurred after a period of time or complications occurred in the long‐term postoperative period are not known. No confirmation of the laparoscopic diagnosis was available in some horses, and a post‐mortem examination or histology of a biopsy sample would have been beneficial.ConclusionsExploratory flank laparoscopy in the standing horse can be considered in horses with chronic abdominal pain in view of the high sensitivity and low complication rate of this study.
New trade theory converges to the old trade theory—An elementary theoretical perspective
Authors: Marjit Sugata , Mandal Biswajit , Yang Lei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe introduce factor specificity to reflect the cost of adjustment of reallocating factors between technologies that determine fixed costs and variable costs in a typical Dixit–Stiglitz–Krugman (DSK) model of trade, retaining all other standard specifications of such a framework. We show that such an apparently benign change fundamentally alters the results of the DSK model. The number of varieties and output per variety depends entirely on full employment conditions. Thus, DSK and Heckscher–Ohlin–Samuelson (HOS) models, which represent the major workhorses of old trade theory, converge in the sense that now the number of varieties and outputs per variety are completely determined by factor endowments.
The salivary gland transcriptome of Varroa destructor reveals suitable targets for RNAi‐based mite control
Authors: Becchimanzi Andrea , Cacace Alfonso , Parziale Martina , De Leva Giovanna , Iacopino Sergio , Jesu Giovanni , Di Lelio Ilaria , Stillittano Virgilio , Caprio Emilio , Pennacchio Francesco 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe mite Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) has a dramatic impact on beekeeping and is one of the main causes of honey bee colony losses. This ectoparasite feeds on honey bees' liquid tissues, through a wound created on the host integument, determining weight loss and a reduction of lifespan, as well as the transmission of viral pathogens. However, despite its importance, the mite feeding strategy and the host regulation role by the salivary secretions have been poorly explored. Here, we contribute to fill this gap by identifying the salivary components of V. destructor, to study their functional importance for mite feeding and survival. The differential expression analysis identified 30 salivary gland genes encoding putatively secreted proteins, among which only 15 were found to be functionally annotated. These latter include proteins with putative anti‐bacterial, anti‐fungal, cytolytic, digestive and immunosuppressive function. The three most highly transcribed genes, coding for a chitin‐binding domain protein, a Kazal domain serine protease inhibitor and a papain‐like cysteine protease were selected to study their functional importance by reverse genetics. Knockdown (90%–99%) by RNA interference (RNAi) of the transcript of a chitin‐binding domain protein, likely interfering with the immune reaction to facilitate mite feeding, was associated with a 40%–50% decrease of mite survival. This work expands our knowledge of the host regulation and nutritional exploitation strategies adopted by ectoparasites of arthropods and allows the identification of potential targets for RNAi, paving the way towards the development of new strategies for Varroa mite control.
Comparing different scoping and mapping review methodologies: A practical example using the nursing mobile workstation
Authors: Vanmeenen Margot , Hirt Julian , Malfait Simon , Möhler Ralph 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsTo provide (1) an overview of core characteristics of scoping and mapping review methodologies and (2) to illustrate the differences and similarities of these methodologies using literature on nursing mobile workstations.DesignSystematic review.MethodsSystematic searches were conducted to identify (1) scoping and mapping review methodologies used in the field of nursing and (2) literature on nursing mobile workstations. For each systematic search, two reviewers independently screened all titles, abstracts, and full texts. We conducted narrative syntheses for both review questions. Publications on scoping and mapping review methodologies in the field of nursing were searched in MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL (September 2022). Publications on nursing mobile workstations were searched in MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL, and Web of Science (April 2022).ResultsWe identified six scoping and mapping review methodologies (aim 1): bibliometric analysis, evidence mapping, focused mapping review and synthesis, and scoping review. The methodologies aim to provide a graphical, tabular, or narrative overview without a formal critical assessment of the literature. We provide an overview of key variables that reflect the different focus of these methodologies. We also included 26 publications on nursing mobile workstations (aim 2). Nineteen different terms were used to describe the workstations. An overall definition of the nursing mobile workstation was not found.ConclusionScoping and mapping methodologies are regularly applied in nursing research. Although there is overlap between the different methodologies, we found some unique characteristics. Despite the regular use of nursing mobile workstations, little is known about their impact in care processes and important features. Future studies on nursing mobile workstations could explore the impact of the workstations in the care process and the current functions of the workstations. A universal definition of the workstations is warranted.Clinical RelevanceMost publications address aspects of practicability of nursing mobile workstations, but we found no universal definition. Little knowledge is available on the impact of the workstations in clinical practice.
Successful pregnancy and delivery following microdissection testicular sperm extraction and intracytoplasmic sperm injection for non‐obstructive azoospermia after microsurgical varicocelectomy: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kamo Hisae , Komiya Akira , Ota Kuniaki , Hiraoka Kenichiro , Honma Koichi , Kawai Kiyotaka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlthough surgical varicocele treatment is generally considered to result in improved reproductive outcomes, we encountered a rare case of postoperative azoospermia in an infertile male patient who underwent microsurgical varicocelectomy for a palpable left‐sided varicocele with concomitant cryptozoospermia. More than 1 year after varicocelectomy, the patient still had not recovered from azoospermia. Thereafter, he underwent microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro‐TESE), allowing him and his partner to obtain one good quality blastocyst via intracytoplasmic sperm injection following oocyte retrievals. Finally, the couple had a successful pregnancy following a frozen embryo transfer, and a live male infant was subsequently delivered to them at 39 weeks and 5 days. In cases of severe testicular dysfunction, varicocelectomy may worsen the postoperative semen parameters until azoospermia. Therefore, it is important to consider preoperative sperm cryopreservation and to explore the possibility of subsequent TESE.
Comparative evaluation of cognitive behavioural therapy versus standard treatment in temporomandibular disorders: A systematic review
Authors: Shivakumar Sahana , Abdul Nishath Sayed , Jyoti Bhuvan , Kalburgi Veena , Cicciù Marco , Minervini Giuseppe 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundTemporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint and associated structures. Cognitive‐behavioural therapy (CBT) has emerged as a potential intervention for TMDs, but its comparative effectiveness against standard treatments remains unclear. This systematic review aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of CBT versus standard treatment interventions in managing TMDs.MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases using MeSH keywords and Boolean operators. Inclusion criteria encompassed clinical trials comparing CBT/CBT in combination with standard treatment interventions or a control group in individuals with TMDs. The primary outcome measured was pain. Secondary outcomes such as disability, depression and jaw function were also looked into. Two reviewers independently assessed for the eligibility of the articles and conducted data extraction. Quality assessments were performed using RoB 2.0 for randomised clinical trials.ResultsThe initial search identified 623 articles, of which a total of eight clinical studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Seven out of eight studies demonstrated improvements in outcomes related to TMD. Pain was significantly decreased in studies that showed a positive outcome. Jaw function, quality of life and psychological well‐being were superior among individuals receiving CBT alone or in combination with conventional modalities, as well as hypnotic therapy coupled with CBT‐based interventions. The quality of studies assessed showed all articles to be of good quality as per RoB‐2 evaluation.ConclusionThis systematic review highlights the potential benefits of CBT in managing TMDs, suggesting its effectiveness in improving pain outcomes and enhancing overall well‐being. The findings indicate that CBT may be a valuable adjunct or alternative to standard treatment interventions for individuals with TMDs. However, further research with larger sample sizes and standardised outcome measures is warranted to establish definitive conclusions regarding the comparative efficacy of CBT versus standard treatments in TMD management.
Trueness of 3D‐printed cobalt chromium versus titanium removable partial denture clasps
Authors: Elsayed Mohammed E. , El‐Bayoumi Dalia A. , Hebeshi Ahmed M. , El‐Tamimi Kawkb M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the trueness of removable partial denture clasps fabricated with titanium (Ti) through the selective laser melting (SLM) technique compared to cobalt‐chromium alloys (CoCr).Materials and MethodsA virtual Aker clasp was designed on a scanned tooth, and SLM printers were used to print 20 claps using cobalt chromium (n = 10) and titanium alloy (n = 10). The deviation between the printed clasps and reference design was measured using the surface matching software (Geomagic control x) at rest, retentive tip, reciprocal tip, retentive shoulder, and reciprocal shoulder. An Independent t‐test was used to determine the influence of 3D‐printed material on the trueness (a = 0.05).ResultsThe gap distance in mm between the reference design and printed in titanium showed an average of 0.0001 ±0.0544, 0.0256 ±0.1309, 0.0230 ±0.1028, 0.0701 ±0.1234, and 0.0013 ±0.0735 mm in rest, reciprocal arm tip, retentive arm tip, retentive arm shoulder, and reciprocal arm shoulder, respectively. The gap distance in mm between the reference design and printed clasps in CoCr alloy showed an average of 0.0316 ±0.0692, 0.2783 ±0.1678, 0.1446 ±0.1528, 0.0315 ±0.0906, and 0.0419 ±0.1088 mm in rest, reciprocal arm tip, retentive arm tip, retentive arm shoulder, and reciprocal arm shoulder, respectively. The difference between titanium and CoCr alloys at each observation site was significant.ConclusionClasps fabricated from titanium with SLM printing have the least deviation and better trueness compared to those fabricated from cobalt chromium.
Occlusal trauma aggravates periodontitis through the plasminogen/plasmin system
Authors: Liu Xinran , Li Jiaxin , Li Jinle , Wang Tianqi , Ding Yan , Yue Yuan , Wang Min , Wei Na , Hao Liang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesPeriodontitis is a common oral disease that is aggravated by occlusal trauma. Fibrin is a protein that participates in blood clotting and is involved in several human diseases. The deposition of fibrin in periodontal tissues can induce periodontitis, while mechanical forces may regulate the degradation of fibrin. Our study investigated how occlusal trauma aggravating periodontitis through regulating the plasminogen/plasmin system and fibrin deposition.Materials and MethodsThis study included 84 C57BL/6 mice in which periodontitis was induced with or without occlusal trauma. Micro‐computed tomography was used to assess bone resorption. Fibrin, fibrinogen, plasminogen, plasmin, tissue plasminogen activator (t‐PA), and urokinase plasminogen activator (u‐PA) levels were measured using Frazer–Lendrum staining, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and immunohistochemistry staining.ResultsOcclusal trauma aggravated inflammation and bone resorption. The periodontitis group showed significant fibrin deposition. Occlusal trauma increased fibrin deposition and neutrophil aggregation. The periodontitis with occlusal trauma group had decreased fibrinogen, t‐PA, and u‐PA expression and plasmin and fibrin degradation product levels, as well as increased plasminogen levels.ConclusionOcclusal trauma promotes excessive fibrin deposition by suppressing the plasminogen/plasmin system, thus exacerbating periodontitis.
Live Vaccine and Varicella Postexposure Prophylaxis in Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients: A Survey of Practice in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Bonett Emily , Doyle Rebecca , Roberts Amin , Wen Sophie C. H. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAdministration of live vaccines following liver transplant (LT) has historically not been recommended due to concerns regarding risk of vaccine‐attenuated disease. However, there is evidence suggesting that in select transplant recipients live vaccinations can be administered safely. Studies in other regions have indicated that despite this evidence many clinicians remain hesitant to administer live vaccinations.MethodA REDCap survey was distributed to gastroenterologists, pediatricians, and infectious diseases physicians at pediatric centers across Australia and New Zealand via email between September and November 2023. The survey included a series of questions regarding live vaccine and varicella postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) practices in pediatric LT recipients and barriers to live vaccine administration in this cohort.ResultsThere was a total of 16 responses to the survey, from 10 different pediatric centers, including 10/11 pediatric gastroenterology centers and all four pediatric LT centers in the region. Only 31% (5/16) of respondents (from 3/10 different centers) offer live vaccines. The main barrier to live vaccine administration was clinician reluctance and the main reason for not offering live vaccines was insufficient safety data.Sixty‐nine percent (11/16) of respondents take vaccination status and/or serology into account when deciding whether to offer varicella PEP to this cohort. Respondents universally offer varicella zoster immunoglobulin as PEP, though 31% (5/16) also offer antiviral medication.ConclusionsMany clinicians in our region remain hesitant to provide live vaccines to pediatric LT recipients, with concerns regarding insufficient safety data. Updated local guidelines may help to address this.
Patterns of tooth agenesis in individuals with Down syndrome
Authors: Kalf‐Scholte Sonja M. , Wijk Arjen van , Mayoral Trias Angela , Valkenburg Cees 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsTooth agenesis (TA) is common in Down syndrome (DS). It is unknown whether this agenesis occurs in specific patterns, which is important regarding treatment planning and aetiological research. This study aimed to aggregate and analyze patterns of TA, excluding third molars, in individuals with DS using the tooth agenesis code (TAC).Methods and resultsThe study was designed as a secondary analysis, following STROSA guidelines. The search (MEDLINE‐PubMed) and selection process resulted in six included studies encompassing 241 individuals with DS. TA data were systematically converted into TACs and analyzed per dentition, per jaw, and per tooth type. Symmetry was evaluated. The prediction was calculated for oligodontia. In the 155 cases with TA 86 distinct Overall‐TAC patterns were identified. The most common patterns were bilateral maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (TAC002.002.000.000;10.3%), bilateral mandibular second premolar agenesis (TAC000.000.016.016;5.8%), and unilateral left maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (TAC000.002.000.000;5.2%). Symmetry in TA patterns was observed in 49.6% of TA cases in the maxilla and 52.3% in the mandible. The simultaneous absence of both mandibular central incisors had a large predictive value for oligodontia (OR12.44;95% CI:4.97–31.84; p < .001).ConclusionPredominant TA patterns exist in DS. Observation of mandibular central incisor agenesis can promote early diagnosis of oligodontia in DS.
Prospective study of
Candida auris
nucleic acids in wastewater solids in 190 wastewater treatment plants in the United States suggests widespread occurrence
Authors: Zulli Alessandro , Chan Elana M. G. , Shelden Bridgette , Duong Dorothea , Xu Xiang-Ru S. , White Bradley J. , Wolfe Marlene K. , Boehm Alexandria B. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Candida auris
is an emerging, multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen that poses a significant public health threat in healthcare settings. Despite yearly clinical cases rapidly increasing from 77 to 8,131 in the last decade, surveillance data on its distribution and prevalence remain limited. We implemented a novel assay for
C. auris
detection on a nationwide scale prospectively from September 2023 to March 2024, analyzing a total of 13,842 samples from 190 wastewater treatment plants across 41 U.S. states. Assays were extensively validated through comparison to other known assays and internal controls. Of these 190 wastewater treatment plants,
C. auris
was detected in the wastewater solids of 65 of them (34.2%) with 1.45% of all samples having detectable levels of
C. auris
nucleic-acids. Detections varied seasonally, with 2.00% of samples positive in autumn vs 1.01% in winter (
P
< 0.0001). The frequency of detection in wastewater was significantly associated with states having older populations (
P
< 0.001), sewersheds containing more hospitals (
P
< 0.0001), and sewersheds containing more nursing homes (
P
< 0.001). These associations are in agreement with known
C. auris
epidemiology. This nationwide study demonstrates the viability of wastewater surveillance for
C. auris
surveillance and further highlights the value of wastewater surveillance when clinical testing is constrained.

IMPORTANCE

This study highlights the viability of wastewater surveillance when dealing with emerging pathogens. By leveraging an existing framework of wastewater surveillance, we reveal the widespread presence of
C. auris
in the United States. We further demonstrate that these wastewater detections are consistent with demographic factors relevant to
C. auris
epidemiology like age and number of hospitals or nursing homes. As
C. auris
and other pathogens continue to emerge, the low-cost and rapid nature of wastewater surveillance will provide public health officials with the information necessary to enact targeted prevention and control strategies.