bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiences of Respite Care Among Carers or Relatives Who are Responsible for Caring for Individuals With a Mental Illness: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Almoaber Zahra , Moxham Lorna , Patterson Christopher 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTAn integrative review methodology was employed, following PRISMA guidelines and Whittemore and Knafi's method for integrative review. Thus, the review synthesised the findings of empirical literature published between 2005 and 2023 drawn from four databases: CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Scopus. From the seven studies that met the inclusion criteria, a number of themes emerged: (a) relief of carer burden; (b) benefits for individuals with Mental Illness (MI); (c) barriers to accessing respite care; and (d) inappropriate services model for respite care for individuals with MI. The review findings indicate that using respite care services can decrease a carer's burden and can positively impact both carers and individuals with MI. Conversely, respite care may cause an increase in carers' stress levels due to the lack of service availability, insufficient knowledge and understanding about respite care services for carers, respite accessibility challenges accessible for people with MI and the reluctance of people with MI to accept respite care.
Perspectives of healthcare practitioners on environmental sustainability in healthcare: A qualitative study
Authors: Cruz Jonas Preposi , Balay‐Odao Ejercito Mangawa , Almazan Joseph U. , Manabat April , Smagulova Meruyert , Kavashev Zulyar , Gusmanov Arnur , Syzdykova Alma , Dauletkaliyeva Zhaniya , Seidakhmetova Aizat , Colet Paolo C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo explore the perspectives of Kazakhstani healthcare professionals on environmental sustainability in healthcare.DesignAn exploratory qualitative design.MethodsFour focus group discussions (FGDs) on environmental sustainability in healthcare were conducted among healthcare professionals (nurses, physicians, midwives and physical therapists) from June to August 2023 in three cities of Kazakhstan. Each FGD consisted of at least 6 to 11 participants and lasted between 60 and 90 minutes. The collected data were analysed using the thematic analysis.ResultsA total of 137 initial codes were identified and further organized into 22 sub‐themes based on similarities in codes and meanings, and then 5 significant themes were identified. The five main themes are ‘Environmental Sustainability Practices in Healthcare’, ‘Purposes of Environmental Sustainability in Healthcare’, ‘Impact of Environmental Sustainability in Healthcare in Patients’, ‘Challenges in Implementing Environmental Sustainability in Healthcare’ and ‘The Role of Healthcare Leadership in Improving Environmental Sustainability in Healthcare’.ConclusionsThe findings highlighted the perceptions and practices of healthcare professionals on environmental sustainability's purposes in healthcare, its impacts on patients and its implementation challenges. The study also underscored the critical role of strong and active leadership in ensuring a sustainable implementation of green policies in healthcare facilities and achieving successful results of environmentally conscious healthcare practices.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareThe findings provide invaluable information that can be used by policymakers and healthcare organization leaders to create a sustainable healthcare system. Implementing environmental sustainability practices in healthcare should be widespread, intentional, and sustainable, entailing strong leadership and unwavering personal and organizational commitment.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.Reporting MethodWe adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines, specifically the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research.
What makes life better or worse: Quality of life according to people with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Holmes Holli M. , Mortenson W. Ben 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeople with intellectual disabilities are rarely involved in research on quality of life. The study sought to answer the question: what do people with intellectual disabilities believe improves or hinders their quality of life?MethodUsing an inclusive, accessible research design, 18 participants met in small groups to answer the study's question using their choice of arts‐based media. Participants completed the analysis collaboratively, identifying key themes among their responses.ResultsThe participants concluded that supports, well‐being, hobbies, and activities contribute to quality of life. Lack of accessibility, assumptions, negative behaviours, stress, and negative people (staff, roommates, people in general) were identified as detractors of quality of life.ConclusionsTo continue to make progress in improving the quality of life of individuals with intellectual disabilities, the voice of those with intellectual disabilities is key. The results suggest key areas of focus to make these improvements.
Human development and family science: A story of disciplinary fragmentation and kinship
Authors: Dyer Kathleen D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDepartments of Human Development and Family Science (HDFS) are a disciplinary descendent of home economics, which emerged in the late 1800s as a product of progressivism, funding tied to agriculture, and misogyny in higher education. The study of development and family joined home economics departments in the 1930s and 1940s. Some home economics departments were dismantled in the 1960s and others were transformed into HDFS. Other home economics subdisciplines separated and matured into new independent disciplines. This history is illustrated with the story of my own department at Fresno State. The loss of the home economics name created fragmentation, producing a visibility problem and a disciplinary identity crisis for HDFS. I propose a pragmatic focus on our departmental (rather than disciplinary) identities to unify us for collective action. I also propose that we embrace our interdisciplinary nature by using a kinship metaphor of disciplinarity rather than the more common territorial metaphor.
Material metabolism and associated environmental impacts in Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration
Authors: Huang Guochun , Song Lulu , Wen Yizhuo , Chen Wei‐Qiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRapid urbanization has resulted in significant bulk materials use, raising concerns over associated environmental impacts and sustainability challenges. However, a significant gap remains in the city‐level analysis of bulk materials production, use, and associated environmental impacts in China. This study calculated the stocks and flows of 13 bulk materials and their associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions across nine cities in the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration (PRDUA) of China during 2000–2020. Results showed that total and per‐capita material stocks within the PRDUA experienced a continuous increase, with an average annual growth rate of 0.5 Gt/year and 4.4 t/cap/year, respectively. Both material stocks and flows exhibited similar spatial distribution patterns that gradually decreased from the center to the perimeter. As stocks continuously increase, GHG emissions from material production were rising annually, reaching 187.2 Mt CO2e in 2020. While recycling end‐of‐life materials contributes to reducing GHG emissions, the current limited mass of recycling curtails its broader impacts. This situation highlights a significant untapped potential within the city to meet decarbonization goals. To maximize the carbon reduction benefits, it is essential to enhance recycling efforts. Moreover, it is crucial that recycling strategies are specifically tailored to suit the timing, location, and types of materials involved.
Unlocking the psycho‐social‐dermal axis: A double blinded randomized placebo controlled study unveiling the influence of a novel topical formulation on skin quality, attractiveness, quality of life, and sexual satisfaction
Authors: Fabi Sabrina G. , Cattelan Leila , Caughlin Benjamin , Pérez Jose Sanchez , Cirrincione Mia , Dayan Steven 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundImproved skin appearance is closely linked to higher self‐esteem, favorable first impressions, and enhanced quality of life, with skincare products often being formulated with biostimulatory and regenerative ingredients to both enhance skin health and provide psychological benefits. Certain components, such as phospholipids and botanicals, may not only improve skin quality, but also impact mood, romantic bonding, and sexual attraction.AimsTo assess whether a novel topical skin care product formulated with a proprietary combination of proteins, lipids, and botanical derivatives, can potentially result in a robust psycho‐social‐dermatological benefit via modulation epidermal oxytocin and pheromonal pathways.Patients/MethodsIn this single‐center prospective, randomized, controlled, double‐blinded study, 40 female subjects were randomly assigned to use of either active novel skincare products, or placebos, for 4–8 weeks. Skin assessments, standardized photography, first impression ratings, and questionnaires on confidence and sexual satisfaction were conducted.ResultsThirty‐nine subjects completed the study and demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in skin quality following 4 and 8 weeks of use, with improvements of greater magnitude demonstrated with a longer duration of use. Product users projected a better first impression and appeared on average 3 years younger than their actual age, with 86% of subjects reporting increased confidence. Product users found random people of the opposite sex to be more attractive 88% of the time and reported improvement in sexual satisfaction in 90% of the categories.ConclusionsThe use of this novel topical product culminated in statistically significant improvements in skin quality, confidence, sexual relationship satisfaction, perceived attractiveness, and youthfulness, highlighting its potential in anti‐aging and mood enhancement.
Linking patient safety, caring behaviours and professional self‐efficacy with missed nursing care among Filipino emergency room nurses: A structural equation model study
Authors: Berdida Daniel Joseph E. , Alhudaib Noura 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsTo investigate the interrelationships of patient safety, caring behaviours, professional self‐efficacy and missed nursing care among emergency room nurses.DesignCross‐sectional, correlational study.MethodsFilipino emergency room nurses (n = 345) participated via convenience sampling from September 2023 to January 2024. Four validated self‐report scales were used to collect data and were analysed using Spearman rho, covariance‐based structural equation modelling, mediation and path analyses.ResultsThe emerging model of study variables displayed satisfactory fit indices. Patient safety directly influenced caring behaviours and professional self‐efficacy, while negatively influencing missed nursing care. Caring behaviours directly and indirectly affected professional self‐efficacy and missed nursing care, respectively. Professional self‐efficacy negatively influences missed nursing care. Finally, caring behaviours and professional self‐efficacy were significant mediators between the association of patient safety and missed nursing care.ConclusionCaring behaviours and professional self‐efficacy of emergency room nurses demonstrated mediating effects that can potentially improve patient safety practices thereby minimizing unfinished or missed nursing care.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareNurses and healthcare organizations should commit to consistently maintain a workplace culture that fosters patient safety, caring behaviours and professional self‐efficacy to minimize avoidable injuries and omitting nursing care tasks.Reporting MethodSTrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE).Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.
Time to initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation affects the patient survival prognosis
Authors: Sim Ji‐Hoon , Kim Sang‐Min , Kim Hong‐Rae , Kang Pil‐Je , Kim Hwa Jung , Lee Donghee , Lee Sang‐Wook , Choi In‐Cheol 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundCardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is the cornerstone intervention for cardiac arrest, with extracorporeal CPR (ECPR) demonstrating enhanced survival and neurologic outcomes in in‐hospital cardiac arrest. This study explores the time interval between CPR initiation and the onset of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in ECPR recipients, investigating its impact on survival outcomes.MethodsThis retrospective analysis included 1950 adults who received CPR at a single medical center between March 2019 and April 2023. Data from 198 adult patients who had ECMO inserted during CPR were analyzed. The interval from CPR initiation to ECMO initiation was quantified and categorized as ≤20, 20–40, and >40 min. Cox regression analysis assessed associations between CPR‐to‐ECMO time and short‐ and long‐term mortalities.ResultsAmong the 198 patients who underwent ECPR, 116 (58.6%) experienced 30‐day mortality. Initiation of ECMO within 20 min occurred in 46 (23.2%), whereas 74 (37.4%) had ECMO initiated after 40 min. Cox regression revealed a significant association between time from CPR to ECMO initiation and 30‐day mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 2.20 in >40 min, HR: 2.63 in 20–40 min, p = 0.006) and 6‐month mortality (HR: 1.81, in >40 min, HR: 1.99 in 20–40 min, p = 0.021).ConclusionsThis study revealed that, in ECPR recipients, a shorter duration between CPR initiation and ECMO flow commencement is associated with improved short‐ and long‐term patient prognoses. These findings emphasize the critical role of timely ECMO application in optimizing outcomes for patients undergoing ECPR.
Network meta‐analysis of adjuvant chemotherapy in biliary tract cancers: Setting the scene for new randomized evidence
Authors: Salani Francesca , Vetere Guglielmo , Rossini Daniele , Genovesi Virginia , Carullo Martina , Bartalini Linda , Massa Valentina , Bernardini Laura , Caccese Miriam , Cesario Silvia , Graziani Jessica , Grelli Giada , Mangogna Francesco , Vivaldi Caterina , Masi Gianluca , Fornaro Lorenzo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThe best adjuvant chemotherapy for resected biliary tract cancer (BTC) is under debate, with capecitabine supported by weak evidence. Aim of this network meta‐analysis is to estimate the efficacy of different phase II/III regimens, comparing monotherapies (gemcitabine or fluoropyrimidines) head‐to‐head, against observation and combination regimens.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed and EMBASE for phase II/III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) available as of December 2023, reporting hazard ratios (HRs) of overall survival (OS) and event‐free survival (EFS). A frequentist framework employing a random‐effects model was applied; treatment rankings were outlined according to P‐score, based on direct and indirect evidence. Exploratory subgroup analyses for OS were also performed (primary site, resected margin status and nodal involvement).ResultsSix RCTs (1979 total patients) were identified. Fluoropyrimidine monotherapy showed significantly better OS (HR .84 [.72–.97]) and EFS (HR .79 [.69–.91]) than observation, as any monotherapy did (HR .84 [.74–.96]; HR .79 [.70–.89]). In the head‐to‐head comparison for OS, only S1 confirmed to be superior to observation alone (HR .69 [.49–.98]) while fluoropyrimidines achieved the best P score (.81), similarly to any monotherapy (0.92). Combinations failed to prove superior to monotherapies with respect both to OS and EFS. Subgroup analyses were inconclusive due to results' inconsistency and limited sample size.ConclusionsOur work confirmed that adjuvant chemotherapy grants OS and EFS benefit for resected BTC patients. Fluoropyrimidines appeared the most effective option, confirming capecitabine as the preferred choice for the Western population.
Beyond cyanogenesis: Temperature gradients drive environmental adaptation in North American white clover (Trifolium repens L.)
Authors: Kuo Wen‐Hsi , Zhong Limei , Wright Sara J. , Goad David M. , Olsen Kenneth M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSpecies that repeatedly evolve phenotypic clines across environmental gradients have been highlighted as ideal systems for characterizing the genomic basis of local environmental adaptation. However, few studies have assessed the importance of observed phenotypic clines for local adaptation: conspicuous traits that vary clinally may not necessarily be the most critical in determining local fitness. The present study was designed to fill this gap, using a plant species characterized by repeatedly evolved adaptive phenotypic clines. White clover is naturally polymorphic for its chemical defence cyanogenesis (HCN release with tissue damage); climate‐associated cyanogenesis clines have evolved throughout its native and introduced range worldwide. We performed landscape genomic analyses on 415 wild genotypes from 43 locations spanning much of the North American species range to assess the relative importance of cyanogenesis loci vs. other genomic factors in local climatic adaptation. We find clear evidence of local adaptation, with temperature‐related climatic variables best describing genome‐wide differentiation between sampling locations. The same climatic variables are also strongly correlated with cyanogenesis frequencies and gene copy number variations (CNVs) at cyanogenesis loci. However, landscape genomic analyses indicate no significant contribution of cyanogenesis loci to local adaptation. Instead, several genomic regions containing promising candidate genes for plant response to seasonal cues are identified — some of which are shared with previously identified QTLs for locally adaptive fitness traits in North American white clover. Our findings suggest that local adaptation in white clover is likely determined primarily by genes controlling the timing of growth and flowering in response to local seasonal cues. More generally, this work suggests that caution is warranted when considering the importance of conspicuous phenotypic clines as primary determinants of local adaptation.
Antifungal recombinant psoriasin of human origin effectively inhibits fungal growth on denture base
Authors: Lifshits Lucia Adriana , Bronshtein Edward , Attias May , Breuer Yoav , Cohen Adi , Gabay Matan , Sova Marina , Weinberg Evgeny , Zenziper Eran , Bar Daniel Z. , Sterer Nir , Gal Maayan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of recombinant psoriasin as a novel treatment for oral candidiasis by eliminating Candida albicans growth on polymethyl methacrylate denture base.Materials and MethodsRecombinant psoriasin protein was expressed and purified from E. coli, and Candida growth was monitored in vitro with varying concentrations of psoriasin. Subsequently, denture‐base polymethyl methacrylate was immersed in psoriasin's solution or voriconazole, and fungal growth on the acrylic base and in the medium was examined by scanning electron microscopy and optical density, respectively. Cellular viability of HeLa and human gingival fibroblast cells treated with psoriasin was measured by methylene blue assay.ResultsThe findings reveal an effective antifungal activity of psoriasin, completely inhibiting Candida albicans growth in RPMI at a protein concentration above 400 nM. Immersing the polymethyl methacrylate with 50 μM psoriasin completely eradicates fungal growth. Psoriasin has low cytotoxicity in HeLa cells at a concentration higher than 12 μM and no toxic effect on human gingival fibroblasts.ConclusionsThis study marks psoriasin as an effective alternative to conventional antifungal treatments for denture stomatitis and a safe alternative to chemical antifungals in dental medicine and beyond.
Children on the Move in China: Insights from the Census Data 2000–2020
Authors: Cheng Mengyao , Chen Yu , Lyu Lidan , Bai Yu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUsing data from the 2000, 2010, and 2020 National Population Census of China, this study uncovers evolving trends in the experiences of children in family structures reshaped by China's massive internal migration. We develop a new framework to examine family structures from the census data, which facilitates a detailed exploration of family splits as a result of migration. Our results show a significant surge in the proportion of children in migrant families and the trend of children on the move. While the number of left‐behind children far exceeded that of migrant children in 2000, the picture became the opposite in 2020, signifying an enhanced capacity and inclination for migrant parents to bring their children to migration destinations. This shift has also engendered a more heterogeneous population of children in migrant families. Notably, a subgroup warranting particular attention is that of “left‐behind child migrants,” those moving to proximate towns or cities without both parents. This emergence blurs the traditional urban–rural dichotomies and underscores the intricacies of a family split within the migrant population. Finally, we reflect on the significant role of educational aspirations and obstacles that influence these migratory patterns.
Causes of death and patterns of metastatic disease at the end of life for patients with advanced melanoma in the immunotherapy era
Authors: Lee Daniel Y. , McNamara Madeline , Yang Alexander , Yaskolko Maxim , Kluger Harriet , Tran Thuy , Olino Kelly , Clune James , Sznol Mario , Ishizuka Jeffrey J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite remarkable advances in immunotherapy, melanoma remains a significant cause of cancer mortality. Many factors concerning melanoma mortality are poorly understood, posing an obstacle to optimal care. We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study of 183 patients with metastatic melanoma who died following immunotherapy treatment to investigate sites of metastases at death, settings of death, and mechanisms of death. The median time from metastatic diagnosis to death was 16.1 months (range 0.3–135.1 months). Most patients experienced hospitalization within 3 months before death (80.3%), with 31.7% dying while hospitalized, 31.2% while in inpatient hospice, and 29.4% while in home hospice. The most common sites of metastases at death were distant lymph nodes (62.8%), lung (57.9%), liver (50.8%), brain (38.8%), and bone (37.7%). The most common causes of death were progressive failure to thrive (57.5%), respiratory failure (22.4%), and infection (21.8%); the vast majority (87.9%) of patients died from melanoma‐specific causes. Overall, 10.9% of patients in our cohort had survival >5 years after metastatic diagnosis, and 76.2% of long‐term survivors died due to melanoma. This study describes factors associated with melanoma mortality, highlighting an ongoing need for therapeutic advancements.