bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baseline characteristics and predictors for early implantation of vagus nerve stimulation therapy in people with drug‐resistant epilepsy: Observations from an international prospective outcomes registry (CORE‐VNS)
Authors: Kwan Patrick , Boffini Massimiliano , Fahoum Firas , El Tahry Riëm , O'Brien Terence J. , Keough Karen , Boggs Jane , Goldberg‐Stern Hadassa , Beraldi Francesca , Giannicola Gaia , Lee Ying‐Chieh , Sen Arjune ,   CORE‐VNS Registry Group
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveVagus nerve stimulation (VNS) Therapy is routinely indicated for people with drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE). We analyzed the baseline characteristics of individuals receiving the recently released VNS models and identified factors associated with early or late implantation.MethodsThe Comprehensive Outcomes Registry of subjects with Epilepsy (CORE‐VNS), a prospective observational study evaluating the clinical and psychosocial outcomes of VNS Therapy®, is following participants for up to 60 months after VNS implantation. In this analysis, we used Cox proportional hazards model to identify baseline characteristics associated with the time from diagnosis to first implantation.ResultsOf the 819 enrolled, 792 (96.7%) participants implanted with a VNS device were evaluated. 529 (64.6%) underwent the first implantation and 263 (32.1%) a re‐implantation. Participants' median age at first implant was 24 years; 492 (62.1%) were ≥18 years old and 166 (20.3%) were < 12 years old. The average number of failed ASMs prior to VNS implantation was 7.1, and 145 (17.7%) had undergone previous epilepsy‐related surgery. Epilepsy was classified as focal in 47.7% of participants, generalized in 16.1% and combined focal and generalized in 34.2%. Many of the participants (40.9%) had epilepsy of unknown etiology. The median time from diagnosis to first implantation was 10.33 years and was significantly shorter in participants with combined focal and generalized epilepsy compared to those with focal epilepsy alone, and in participants with genetic and immune epilepsy compared to those with unknown etiologies.SignificanceIn people with DRE, VNS Therapy is provided after multiple failures of ASMs and after failure of epilepsy surgery in one in six individuals. Time from diagnosis to first implantation is associated with epilepsy type and etiology, likely reflecting variable treatment pathways. Clearer guidelines on when and how non‐drug therapies should be deployed in people with DRE related to different epilepsy factors are needed.Plain Language SummaryNeuromodulation can be a very helpful treatment in people who have seizures that do not respond to medications. The most widely utilized neuromodulation therapy is vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). We present data from a large, global study to show that people use an average of seven anti‐seizure medications before attempting VNS Therapy and that it takes about 10 years for people to get their first VNS implant. We advocate for clearer treatment guidelines on how and when to consider VNS Therapy in people with seizures that are resistant to medication.
Strategies of water resource utilization and agricultural water management in the coastal saline zone of Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md. Belal , Roy Debjit , Paul Priya Lal Chandra , Yesmin Mst. Shetara , Kundu Palash Kumar , Pranto Mohammad Rezoan Bin Hafiz , Aklimuzzaman Md , Paul Mousumi , Maniruzzaman Md. , Mainuddin Mohammed 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAccess to irrigation water is pivotal for dry season crops in the coastal saline regions of Bangladesh. This research investigates strategic measures aimed at ensuring water availability for polder agricultural purposes in the dry season. This study was performed from 2017 to 2022 to assess the water availability inside polders # 30 and # 31 in Khulna region of the south‐western coastal zone of Bangladesh. Our methodology encompassed diverse approaches: identifying optimal water sources, capturing low‐salinity water for agriculture, implementing crop–soil–water management to enhance cropping intensity, employing irrigation modelling for effective crop planning, utilizing GIS techniques to estimate water storage and conducting impact analysis using satellite images. Irrigation by trapped river water increased the yield of different crops by 13–56% compared with that of farmer‐managed plots. Polders # 30 and # 31 currently have approximately 136 and 190 km of good canals, which store 334 and 502 ha‐m of water, respectively, during the dry period. With the existing stored fresh water, a maximum of 6,680 ha and 10,040 ha of watermelon and a minimum of 334 and 502 ha of boro rice cultivation were possible in polders # 30 and # 31, respectively. However, the excavation of poor and dead canals could increase freshwater storage and crop coverage. The image analysis of polder #31 revealed an increase in crop coverage of 238% from 2017 to 2022, which might be attributed to the introduction of advanced water management technologies and salt‐tolerant cultivars as well as holistic extension approaches by different government organizations (GOs), non‐governmental organizations (NGOs) and farmers. This study will assist in formulating pathways for polder‐scale water management and cropping intensification in coastal saline zones.
Celiac disease is associated with increased risk of deep vein thrombosis and hypotensive shock in patients admitted with acute pancreatitis
Authors: Abboud Yazan , Shah Vraj P , Jiang Yi , Pendyala Navya , Hajifathalian Kaveh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and AimCeliac disease (CD) was shown to be associated with increased risk of developing acute pancreatitis (AP). There is a paucity of literature critically analyzing the association of CD with AP outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the impact of CD on outcomes and complications of AP in recent years.MethodsA population‐based analysis was performed using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) between 2016 and 2019. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify the independent impact of CD on AP outcomes while controlling for demographics and comorbidities and all patients refined diagnosis‐related groups (APR‐DRG) risk of severity subclass.ResultsFrom 2016 to 2019, a total of 2 253 730 inpatients with AP were identified, of which 4640 (0.2%) had CD. On multivariable analysis, while controlling for demographics, comorbidities, and severity of illness, CD patients had significantly decreased odds for mortality (OR = 0.387), pseudocyst formation (OR = 0.786), sepsis (OR = 0.707), respiratory failure (OR = 0.806), acute kidney injury (AKI) (OR = 0.804), and myocardial infarction (OR = 0.217), (P < 0.05). However, CD patients were at significantly increased odds for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (OR = 2.240) and hypotensive shock (OR = 1.718) (P < 0.05). Patients with CD had shorter lengths of stay by 0.4 days and lower total charges by $12 690.ConclusionsOur nationwide study evaluating AP outcomes in patients with CD suggests that patients with CD admitted for AP tend to have better mortality and several other outcomes compared to non‐CD patients. We also show that CD patients admitted for AP have a greater risk for DVT and hypotensive shock. Future studies are warranted to validate the revealed findings in CD patients admitted for AP.
Development and implementation of a roadmap for improving quality of care in prearthritic hip disease: A journey over 20 years
Authors: Clohisy John C. , Nepple Jeffrey J. , Beaulé Paul E. , Zaltz Ira , Millis Michael , Sierra Rafael J. , Kim Young‐Jo , Sucato Daniel , Sink Ernest ,   ANCHOR Group
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe understanding and treatment of prearthritic hip disease has evolved remarkably over the past 20 years. The principal investigator and the multicenter Academic Network of Conservational Hip Outcomes Research (ANCHOR) group have had a key role in improving the quality of care for these patients suffering from the three most common prearthritic conditions: femoroacetabular impingement, developmental dysplasia of the hip, and residual Legg‐Calve‐Perthes Disease. We aim to demonstrate that based on the six quality of care dimensions as defined by Donabedian, our 20‐year academic journey has markedly improved the quality of care for young patients with prearthritic hip disease.
Central retinal vein occlusion after infliximab therapy in a young patient with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Lage Joana Victor , Ribeiro Joana Filipe , Vicente‐Ferreira Margarida , Araújo Joana Rodrigues , Pais Isabel , Espinheira Céu , Trindade Eunice 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition, characterized by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. While the primary focus of IBD management consists in controlling gastrointestinal symptoms, IBD also presents an increased risk of thromboembolic complications. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) inhibitors, namely infliximab, have become increasingly common in the management of multiple chronic inflammatory diseases such as IBD. However, recent studies have shown an association between treatment with infliximab and an increased thrombotic risk. We report an unusual case of retinal vein thrombosis in a patient with ulcerative colitis (UC) that occurred during infliximab infusion. This case highlights the need to remain vigilant when administering infliximab to individuals with IBD, particularly those with additional risk factors for thrombosis.
Effect of different gliadin/glutenin on the oil content of fried dough sticks: insights obtained from macroscopic to microscopic scales
Authors: Wang Jing , Zheng Xueling , Liu Yuanxiao , Huang Qilin , Li Kexin , Zhang Haopeng , Liu Feifan , Wen Jiping 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundFried dough sticks, widely enjoyed in southeast Asia, are made by frying a mixture of wheat flour and water at high‐temperature. With the move towards industrial production, there is an increasing demand for healthier versions. Understanding the key properties of fried dough sticks and how the ingredients interact is crucial for meeting these health‐focused consumer preferences.ResultsIn this study, the connections between the dough's rheological and thermal properties, alongside the interactions between gluten proteins and the oil content in fried dough sticks, were examined and analyzed at varying gliadin to glutenin mass ratios (Gli/Glu). The results indicated that a general decrease in the viscoelastic properties of the dough was associated with an increase in the Gli/Glu ratio. Furthermore, a heightened concentration of gliadin was observed to augment the mass loss of gluten proteins, thereby engendering a spatially sparse network structure. Additionally, this excessive presence of gliadin precipitated the thermal instability within the dough, necessitating an augmented chemical force to preserve the stability of the gluten network structure.ConclusionAt the Gli/Glu ratio of 5:5, the gluten protein exhibited enhanced thermal stability and minimal mass loss. At this specific ratio, the gluten network was characterized by a comparatively high prevalence of extended gluten films and short‐chain structures, which resulted in the production of fried dough sticks possessing minimal structural oil content. The study provided a theoretical basis for identifying the Gli/Glu ratio as an effective approach to modulate the oil content in fried dough sticks. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Establishing a Mouse Model of Surgical Vocal Fold Injury
Authors: Kimura Akari , Khan Mohammed Imran , Easwaran Meena , Soo Joanne , Golchin Amirbahador , Erickson‐DiRenzo Elizabeth 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveAnimal models of vocal fold (VF) surgical injury and scar formation provide insight into the wound healing process. The purpose of this study was to establish an alternative model of surgical injury to the mouse VF using materials commonly available in most research laboratories or for purchase and to investigate wound healing of the epithelium (EP) and lamina propria (LP).MethodsMice were anesthetized by isoflurane gas delivery and positioned on a platform so that the larynx could be observed using a laryngoscope and dissection microscope. Unilateral VF injury was created using a wire brush. Mice were euthanized and the larynx evaluated 1‐, 3‐, 5‐, 7‐, 14‐, and 28‐days following injury. Histological and immunofluorescent analysis was used to evaluate thickness of the EP, LP area, proliferative (Ki67+) and basal cells (p63+) in the EP, and collagen III content in the LP.ResultsThe depth of injury reached the superficial thyroarytenoid muscle on Day 1. The thickness of the EP of the injured VF was increased on Days 3 and 5, and the LP area was increased on Days 3, 5, and 7 as compared with the uninjured VF. Ki67+ and p63+ cells were increased on Day 3 and collagen III content was increased on Days 5 and 28 as compared with the uninjured VF.ConclusionWe successfully established an alternative method of creating unilateral VF injury in the mouse. This method will be useful for future research regarding VF surgical injury and wound healing.Level of EvidenceN/A Laryngoscope, 2024
Digital otoscopy in remote consultations
Authors: Appelberg Erik , Viitasalo Sanna , Hafrén Lena , Laakso Juha , Suutarla Samuli , Hopsu Erkki , Sinkkonen Saku T. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionOtoscopes and otomicroscopes are the most commonly used instruments for visualizing the ear. Digital otoscopy (DO) could be used to improve diagnostics in primary health care by utilizing image enlargement. The aim of the study was to explore the possibilities of DO in remote consultations.Materials and MethodsBased on real‐life referrals, 45 otologic outpatients were recruited. DO was performed followed by an attending otologist's appointment, serving as the gold standard. Twenty‐four patient cases were analyzed on a digital platform as remote consultation cases containing the given referral information supplemented with DO videos (DOVs). A total of 71 evaluations were performed by five otologists. The quality of the DOVs, their suitability for remote consultations, the accuracy of diagnoses and the usefulness of remote consultations were determined.ResultsThe average DOV quality was judged to be 7.4 ± 0.3 (mean ± standard error of the mean; scale of 1–10). The diagnosis was correct in 79% of the cases. In 59% of the patients, the otologists considered that remote consultation could have replaced an in‐person visit.ConclusionsIn our simulated remote consultation setup, DOV quality was sufficient for diagnostic purposes, DO improved diagnostics and treatment planning in most cases and could be used to reduce the need for in‐person visits. DO‐aided remote consultation may improve diagnostics and access to care.Level of evidence: 3.
Transport and mixing observed in a pond: Description of wind‐forced transport processes and quantification of mixing rates
Authors: Henderson Stephen M. , Nielson Jeffrey R. , Mayne Sandra R. , Goldberg Caren S. , Manning Jeffrey A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPonds are characterized by high biodiversity, intense biogeochemical cycling, and susceptibility to anthropogenic impacts. Yet few studies have quantified the water velocities responsible for vertical mixing or lateral transport in ponds. We used high‐resolution observations of velocity to examine mixing and transport during summer in a 50‐m‐long, 2.7‐m‐deep temperate pond. Many observed transport and mixing processes resembled those found in larger stratified lakes. A surface mixed layer was observed, whose depth ranged between ~ 1 m at night and < 0.3 m during the day. Turbulence was usually sufficient to vertically mix the surface layer in 4–12 min, but no turbulence was observed in the hypolimnion. Persistent (2.5‐h‐averaged) currents usually flowed downwind near the surface and returned upwind near the mixed layer base. Surface currents were proportional to windspeed, with root‐mean‐squared speed of (persistent hypolimnion currents were much weaker). Superposed on persistent currents were 30‐ to 100‐min‐period fluctuations resulting from internal seiches. These fluctuations were comparable in magnitude to more persistent currents in the mixed layer and dominated in the hypolimnion. Seiches did not advect particles far across the pond, but did contribute to production of mixed layer turbulence. Seiches also contributed to shear dispersion, which was sufficient to mix near‐surface tracers across the pond in 2–4 d. Theory suggests that hypolimnion bottom boundary layers were laminar during the downslope phase of seiche motion, but became turbulent during the upslope phase as near‐bed water flows created unstable stratification.
Removal of nitrate and phosphate by aquatic plants during aquarium-based ornamental fish production
Authors: Csontos Dániel , Bartal Zsuzsa Petra , Bakacsy László 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
The rising demand for ornamental fish and plants in aquariums is met through industrial production. However, higher production densities may negatively impact water quality (such as ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, and dissolved oxygen levels), thus impacting production. This can be mitigated by utilizing specific aquatic plants to promote sustainable ornamental fish production. This study aimed to determine how the water quality in ornamental fish tanks can be improved using two floating aquarium plant species: Najas grass Najas guadalupensis and Java moss Taxiphyllum barbieri.

Methods
The efficiency of nitrate and phosphate filtration by the two plant species was determined in aquariums containing Endler Guppies Poecilia wingei. The duration of the study was 4 weeks, and the water quality parameters were measured weekly. The growth rates of the two plants were measured at the beginning and end of the study period.

Result
Najas grass effectively maintained lower nitrate and phosphate levels while showing robust growth. By week 4, nitrate levels in control tanks rose to 33.75 and 35.00 mg/L in the two independent experiments, while nitrate in tanks with Najas grass only reached 8.75 and 11.50 mg/L. Phosphate levels in control tanks increased to 2.42 and 2.40 mg/L compared to 1.075 and 1.05 mg/L in tanks with Najas grass. In single-species tanks, Najas grass showed a 1.6-fold biomass increase, while Java moss showed a 1.2-fold increase. In tanks with both species, Najas grass biomass increased significantly, whereas Java moss biomass decreased.

Conclusion
The superior competitive ability of Najas grass (allelopathy and increased nutrient uptake) underlies the findings of this study and indicates that this species is a better option for maintaining low levels of nitrate and phosphate in aquarium water. This finding can contribute to creating a cleaner and healthier environment for fish species involved in industrial ornamental fish production and trade.
Aluminum‐Doped Magnesium–Manganese Mixed Nano Ferrites as an Effective Photocatalyst for Methylene Blue
Authors: Desai Harshal B. , Karki Bhishma , Bhatt Rajesh P. , Verma Roshni , Kane Shashank N. , Tanna Ashish R. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIn the present study, Al3+‐doped Mg0.5Mn0.5AlxFe2−xO4 (x = 0.25, 0.50, 0.75) spinel ferrite system is synthesized by the modified auto combustion technique. These nano ferrites are studied by various means, that is, EDAX, SEM, XRD, FTIR, DLS, M‐H loop, and UV‐DRS for their structural, magnetic, and optical properties. The dye degradation experiments for the methylene blue using nano ferrites are conducted under solar radiation in the presence of H2O2 to measure the absorbance in a UV–visible spectrophotometer for the various specimens/concentrations. Among all the specimens, 0.25 Al3+‐doped magnesium–manganese nano ferrite degrades the highest methylene blue dye in 75 min with the lowest concentration of H2O2.
Leaf functional traits of Parrotia subaequalis from different environments in eastern China
Authors: Zhang Lifang , Yu Mingjian , Fang Yanming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFunctional traits are important in understanding how plants respond and adapt to their immediate environment. Parrotia subaequalis is a highly endangered arbor species found throughout eastern China, primarily inhabiting hillsides and valleys, yet, little is known about the variation in leaf traits across these environments. In the present study, we tested this by comparing leaf surface area, leaf weight, leaf length, leaf symmetry and leaf mass per unit area, as well as the relationship between leaf traits and environmental factors and the scaling relationship between leaf surface area versus leaf dry mass. We observed significant differences in leaf surface area, weight, and length among the population sites, and these variables were strongly affected by environmental factors, especially high mean annual temperatures in hillside habitats and high mean annual precipitation in valley habitats. The scaling exponents remained numerically variant among the 10 populations, with different slopes greater than 1.0, and the scaling exponents increased significantly with hillside habitats. These metrics correlated with soil thickness associated with different habitat types. The areal ratio (AR) values in all populations deviated from 1, indicating that the two lamina sides were asymmetrical. The standardized symmetry index (SI) values displayed significant variation, especially in leaves from hillside habitats with a high degree of asymmetry. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that leaf functional traits exhibit considerable variability in response to different environmental contexts and provide valuable reference data that could be useful for conserving this endangered species.
Storable, neglected, and underutilized species of Southern Africa for greater agricultural resilience
Authors: Winstead Daniel J. , Jacobson Michael G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Southern African region suffers from drought and food system uncertainty with increased risks due to climate change, natural disasters, and global catastrophes. Increasing crop diversity with more appropriate and resilient crops is an effective way of increasing food system resilience. We focus on crop species that are native or naturalized to an area because of their increased resilience than those that are not naturally occurring. Additionally, crops that are easily stored are more useful in times of drought and disaster. In this systematic review, we use scientific interest in neglected and underutilized species (NUS) from Southern Africa to help define next steps toward their cultivation and development as a marketable crop. We found that although scientific interest is minimal for storable Southern African NUS, these crops are worth scaling up due to their economic and nutritional value. We outline next actionable steps and specific NUS for production in a more agrobiodiverse and resilient agriculture system.