bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monotherapy With Infliximab Versus Combination Therapy in the Maintenance of Clinical Remission in Children With Moderate to Severe Crohn Disease
Authors: Kierkuś Jarosław , Iwańczak Barbara , Wegner Agnieszka , Dadalski Maciej , Grzybowska‐Chlebowczyk Urszula , Łazowska Izabella , Maślana Jolanta , Toporowska‐Kowalska Ewa , Czaja‐Bulsa Grażyna , Mierzwa Grażyna , Korczowski Bartosz , Czkwianianc Elżbieta , Żabka Alicja , Szymańska Edyta , Krzesiek Elżbieta , Więcek Sabina , Sładek Małgorzata 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy and safety of 2 protocols of maintenance therapy with infliximab (IFX) and an immunomodulatory agent in pediatric patients with Crohn disease (CD): withdrawal of immunomodulators versus continuation of immunosuppressants.Methods:The present multicenter randomized open‐label trial included 99 patients with CD (ages 14.5 ± 2.6 years) who were administered IFX (5 mg/kg body weight) along with an immunomodulatory agent (azathioprine 1.5–3 mg/kg body weight per day, methotrexate 10–25 mg/week). After 10 weeks of the induction therapy, 84 responders were centrally randomized into 1 of the following groups: group I (n = 45) in which IFX and an immunomodulatory agent were continued up to week 54 and group II (n = 39) in which the immunomodulatory agent was discontinued after 26 weeks.Results:The induction therapy was reflected by a significant decrease in Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) and Simplified Endoscopic Activity Score for Crohn's Disease (SES‐CD) values. After the maintenance phase, the analyzed groups did not differ significantly in terms of the clinical response loss rates and final PCDAI and SES‐CD scores. Furthermore, no significant intragroup differences were documented between mean PCDAI scores determined at the end of induction and maintenance phases. Intensification/modification of the treatment was required in 13 of 45 (29%) and 11 of 39 (28%) patients of groups I and II, respectively. A total of 9 serious adverse events were documented; none of the patients died during the trial.Conclusions:Twenty‐six weeks likely represent the safe duration of combined IFX/immunomodulatory therapy in our sample of pediatric patients with CD.
Sensory Processing Difficulties in Toddlers With Nonorganic Failure‐to‐Thrive and Feeding Problems
Authors: Yi Sook‐Hee , Joung Yoo‐Sook , Choe Yon Ho , Kim Eun‐Hye , Kwon Jeong‐Yi 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTObjectives:Failure‐to‐thrive is defined as an abnormally low weight and/or height for age. The term “nonorganic failure‐to‐thrive” (NOFT) has been used to describe “failure‐to‐thrive” without an obvious cause underlying the growth failure. The purpose of the present study was to compare sensory processing abilities between toddlers with NOFT and feeding problems and age‐matched controls.Methods:Toddlers with NOFT and feeding problems (N = 16) were recruited from the pediatric feeding clinic in a tertiary university hospital, and age‐matched controls (N = 16) were recruited from community volunteers. They were evaluated for sensory processing ability using an Infant/Toddler Sensory Profile (ITSP), and for development of cognition, motor skills, and language using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II and Sequenced Language Scale for Infants. Behavior at mealtime was evaluated using the Behavioral Pediatrics Feeding Assessment Scale.Results:In the NOFT with feeding problems group, atypical performances were more frequently observed in 3 of 5 ITSP section items (tactile, vestibular, and oral) compared with those in the control group. Significant delayed development of cognition, motor skills, and language was observed in the NOFT with feeding problems group compared with that in the control group. In addition, children who showed 1 or more atypical performances in ITSP had delayed development in cognition, motor skills, and language.Conclusions:Sensory processing problems were more commonly observed in toddlers with feeding problems and growth deficiency. The present study could provide a preliminary evidence for a possible impact of the sensory processing problems on the feeding difficulties in toddlers with NOFT. Future large studies should be conducted to clarify the relation between sensory processing difficulties and feeding problems in toddlers.
Clinical Relevance of Esophageal Baseline Impedance Measurement
Authors: Tambucci Renato , Thapar Nikhil , Saliakellis Efstratios , Pescarin Matilde , Quitadamo Paolo , Cristofori Fernanda , Lindley Keith J. , Borrelli Osvaldo 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTObjective:The clinical relevance of esophageal baseline impedance (BI) remains to be determined. In the present study, we explored the impact of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and esophageal dysmotility on BI.Methods:A total of 18 children with esophageal atresia, 26 children with GERD, and 17 controls prospectively underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy and pH–impedance monitoring. BI was measured in both proximal and distal esophagus. Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and bolus transit indicators were defined according to published criteria.Results:Patients with esophageal atresia showed significantly lower proximal and distal BI values (952 [716–1811] Ω; 895 [284–1189] Ω; respectively) compared with those with GERD (3015 [2368–3975] Ω; 2231 [1770–3032] Ω, P < 0.001 and <0.001, respectively) and controls (3699 [3194–4358] Ω; 3522 [2927–3994] Ω, P < 0.001 and <0.001, respectively). Using linear regression, proximal BI strongly correlated with total bolus transit time (r2 = 0.61, P < 0.001) and bolus presence time (BPT; r2 = 0.63, P < 0.001). Distal BI weakly correlated with acid exposure time (r2 = 0.16, P < 0.01) and longstanding reflux episodes (r2 = 0.17, P < 0.01), and strongly correlated with total bolus transit time (r2 = 0.53, P < 0.001) and BPT (r2 = 0.58, P < 0.001). By logistic regression, BPT predicted low proximal BI values (odds ratio [OR] 1.052; P < 0.05), whereas both GER indicators (acid exposure time: OR 1.56, P < 0.05; longstanding reflux episodes: OR 2.8, P < 0.05) and BPT (OR 1.66, P < 0.01) predicted low distal BI values.Conclusions:Along the length of esophagus, both bolus transit variables and GER significantly affect BI. This suggests that BI may merely mirror phenomena occurring within the esophageal lumen or wall, limiting its value as a discrete clinical entity to replace variables already used for assessing both GERD and esophageal dysmotility.
From deep TLS validation to ensembles of atomic models built from elemental motions
Authors: Urzhumtsev Alexre , Afonine Pavel V. , Van Benschoten Andrew H. , Fraser James S. , Adams Paul D. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe widely usedTranslation Libration Screw(TLS) approximation describes concerted motions of atomic groups in X-ray refinement. TLS refinement often provides a better interpretation of diffraction data and the resulting rigid body motions may subsequently be assigned biochemical significance. In TLS refinement, three matrices (T, L and S) describe harmonic vibration, libration and their correlation. Because these matrices describe specific motions, they impose a number of conditions on their elements. Ignoring these conditions while refining the matrix elements may result in matrices that cannot be interpreted in terms of physically realistic motions. We describe a mathematical framework and the computational tools to analyze refinedTLSmatrices through their decomposition into descriptors of underlying motions. This allows for straightforward validation and identification of implausibleTLSparameters. An algorithm for the generation of structural ensembles that are consistent with givenTLSparameters, implemented as a part of thePhenixproject, is also described.SynopsisProcedures for the decomposition ofTLSmatrices into elementary vibrations and librations indicates possible errors in the definition of these matrices and corrects them when possible. The program outputs the corresponding vibration-libration parameters and generates structural ensembles.
Predicting X-ray Diffuse Scattering from Translation Libration Screw Structural Ensembles
Authors: Van Benschoten Andrew H. , Afonine Pavel V. , Terwilliger Thomas C. , Wall Michael E. , Jackson Colin J. , Sauter Nicholas K. , Adams Paul D. , Urzhumtsev Alexandre , Fraser James S. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIdentifying the intramolecular motions of proteins and nucleic acids is a major challenge in macromolecular X-ray crystallography. While Bragg diffraction describes the average positional distribution of crystalline atoms, many different models can fit this distribution equally well. Diffuse X-ray scattering can reduce this degeneracy by directly reporting on correlated atomic displacements. Although recent technological advances are increasing the potential to accurately measure diffuse scattering, computational modeling and validation tools are still needed to quantify the agreement between experimental data and different parameterizations of crystalline disorder. A new tool,phenix.diffuse, addresses this need by employing Guinier’s equation to calculate diffuse scattering from Protein Data Bank (PDB)-formatted structural ensembles. As an example case,phenix.diffuseis applied to Translation-Libration-Screw (TLS) refinement, which models rigid body displacement for segments of the macromolecule. To enable calculation of diffuse scattering from TLS refined structures,phenix.tls_modelsbuilds multi-model PDB files that sample the underlying T, L and S tensors. In the glycerophosphodiesterase GpdQ, alternative TLS group partitioning and different motional correlations between groups yield markedly dissimilar diffuse scattering maps with distinct implications for molecular mechanism and allostery. These methods demonstrate how X-ray diffuse scattering can extend macromolecular structural refinement, validation, and analysis.SynopsisA method of simulating X-ray diffuse scattering from multi-model PDB files is presented. Despite similar agreement with Bragg data, different Translation-Libration-Screw refinement strategies produce unique diffuse intensity patterns.
How rural-urban identification influences consumption patterns? Evidence from Chinese migrant workers
Authors: Chu Rongwei , Liu Matthew , Shi Guicheng James 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine spending pattern of Chinese migrant workers from rural regions to urban cities from a social identity perspective, which stems from Chinese Hukou system (household registry system). This study proposes a theoretical model for consumer utility function (a combination of economic utility and social utility) which takes into account the choice of social identification.

Design/methodology/approach
– This study focusses on the influence of rural and urban identification on consumption patterns of Chinese migrant workers. These assumptions were verified based on a survey with 650 samples in Shanghai, one of the most developed cities in China.

Findings
– Results indicate that affirmative social identification has a significantly positive effect on the level of consumption for migrant workers. High level of rural identification has a more significant impact than urban identification on survival consumption including food, medicine and family support. On the other hand, high level of urban identification has a more significant impact than rural identification on development consumption including education for children, training and recreation. Besides, there are significant interaction effects between income and identity on consumption, which confirms the identity effect on classical economic model and is in line with identity economics’ arguments.

Originality/value
– This study outlines the importance of social identity in both economics and marketing domains and proposes a theoretical model which advances understanding of a model on similar lines proposed by Akerlof and Kranton’s (2000) and Benjamin et al. (2010). Empirical tests with Chinese migrant workers’ data present that their consumption patterns are influenced by their level of social identifications.
Luxury branding: the industry, trends, and future conceptualisations
Authors: Seo Yuri , Buchanan-Oliver Margo 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the emergence of a global luxury brand industry and discusses previous conceptualisations of luxury brands. In this endeavour, the study illustrates the unique context of luxury consumption, to highlight several developments in extant literature, and to advocate for the advancement of the consumer-centric paradigm of luxury branding.Design/methodology/approach– The study reviews the emergence of a global luxury brand industry, discusses macro-environmental trends that have influenced luxury brand consumption, critically evaluates the existing literature on luxury brands, and offers directions for future research.Findings– The study highlights that luxury brands have emerged as a special form of branding that conveys the unique sociocultural and individual meanings to their adherents. Moreover, it was found that these meanings have been shaped by a number of important cultural, social, and external trends, which call researchers and practitioners to consider the consumer-centric paradigm of luxury branding.Originality/value– The study calls for a shift in the focus from the characteristics of luxury brandsper se, and towards phenomenological experiences and socio-cultural influences, in the pursuits to understand what brand luxury conveys in the broader context of post-modern consumer culture. The study offers two distinct areas for future research to address these developments.
Finite set model predictive control to a shunt multilevel active filter
Authors: Saldías Molina Hernaldo , Dixon Rojas Juan , Morán Tamayo Luis 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to implement a finite set model predictive control algorithm to a shunt (or parallel), multilevel (cascaded H-bridge) active power filter (APF). Specifically, the purpose is to get a controller that could compensate the mains current and, at the same time, to control the voltages of its capacitors. This strategy avoids the use of multiple PWM carriers or another type of special modulator, and requires a relatively low processing power.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper is focussed in the application of the predictive controller to a single-phase parallel APF composed for two H-bridges connected in series. The same methodology can be applied to a three-phase APF. In the DC buses of each H-bridge, a floating capacitor was connected, whose voltage is regulated by the predictive controller. The controller is composed by, first, a model for the charge/discharge dynamics for each floating capacitor and a model for the output current of the APF; second, a cost function; and third, an optimization algorithm that is able to control all these variables at the same time, choosing in each sample period the best combination of firing pulses.

Findings
– The controller can track the voltage references, compensate the current harmonics and compensate reactive power with an algorithm that evaluates only the three nearest voltage levels to the last voltage level applied in the inverter. This strategy decreases the number of calculations required by the predictive algorithm. This controller can be applied to the general case of a single-phase multilevel APF of N-levels and extend it to the three-phase case without major problems.

Research limitations/implications
– The implemented controller, when the authors consider a constant sample time, gives a mains current with a Total Harmonic Distortion (THD-I) slightly greater in comparison with the base algorithm (that evaluates all the voltage levels). However, when the authors consider the processing times under the same processor, the implemented algorithm requires less time to get the optimal values, can get lower sampling times and then a best performance in terms of THD-I. To implement the controller in a three-phase APF, a faster Digital Signal Processor would be required.

Originality/value
– The implemented solution uses a model for the charge/discharge of the capacitors and for the filter current that enable to operate the cascaded multilevel inverter with asymmetrical voltages while compensates the mains currents, with a predictive algorithm that requires a relatively low amount of calculations.
Design of a hybrid propulsion system for a three wheeled bicycle
Authors: Cossalter Vittore , Doria Alberto , Ferrari Marco , Giolo Enrico , Bianchi Nicola , Martignoni Claudio , Bovi Fabio 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– Velomobiles or bicycles cars are human-powered vehicles, enclosed for improving aerodynamic performance and protection from weather and collisions. The purpose of this paper is to design and develop a three-wheeled velomobile equipped with a hybrid human-electric propulsion system.

Design/methodology/approach
– The mechanical layout has been developed in order to improve safety, a CAD code has been used for the design and the dynamic performances have been studied by means of specific multi-body codes. The electric propulsion system has been designed both with analytical and FEM methods.

Findings
– A special three-wheeled tilting vehicle layout equipped with a four-bar linkage connection has been developed. A particular synchronous reluctance machine has been developed, which is very suitable for human-electric hybrid propulsion. A MATLAB code for integrated mechanical and electrical analysis has been developed.

Originality/value
– A new kind of light vehicle has been conceived. A new synchronous reluctance machine with high efficiency has been developed. A performance analysis in electric, human and hybrid working modes has been presented, which takes into account the specific features of both the electric motor and the pedaling legs. A prototype of the vehicle has been built.
Energy efficiency improvement adopting synchronous motors
Authors: Bianchi Nicola , Alberti Luigi , Bottesi Omar 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to compare different types of electric motor drives for high-efficiency applications: an induction motor (IM) drive, a synchronous reluctance motor drive and a permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor drive. An innovative field-oriented analysis technique is applied to estimate the performance of the IM drive. This method of analysis is particularly advantageous in comparing the IM performance to those of synchronous machines.Design/methodology/approach– The comparison among the capabilities of the three electric drives is carried out combining both analytical and finite element methods.Findings– From the analysis, it results that the REL motor exhibits higher torque density than IM, but lower losses since there are no Joule losses in the rotor. On the contrary, the REL motor exhibits a very power factor, which corresponds to a high-volt-ampere ratings of the inverter that supplies the motor itself.Originality/value– A new analysis technique is adopted to investigate and compare the energy efficiency performance of different machines.
The effectiveness of multi-criteria decision aid methodology
Authors: Marafon Alysson Diego , Ensslin Leonardo , Lacerda Rogério Tadeu de Oliveira , Ensslin Sandra Rolim 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The innovation expected by clients is identified as a business success factor of industrial companies in the current decade and the accountability of it is primarily attributable to Research and Development (R&D), which makes it a strategic topic for studies on the decision-making process. In light of this, the purpose of this paper is to present a decision aiding methodology used to support R&D management in the technology-based company, specialised in refrigeration solutions and world leader in the hermetic compressor market.

Design/methodology/approach
– It is an exploratory study and has deductive-inductive logic and uses a quail-quantitative approach. It uses the Knowledge Development Process Constructivist (ProKnow-C) to systemically revise the literature surrounding the theme in order to identify research opportunities in the subject and adopts the Multi-Criteria Decision Aiding Constructivist (MCDA-C) methodology as an instrument of organisational performance evaluation to fulfil the research opportunities identified.

Findings
– In the theoretical aspect, this research fulfilled the opportunities observed in recent and qualified literature about R&D performance evaluation. The paper also offers practical implications for the performance evaluation in R&D, since the methodology allowed the R&D manager to build knowledge to understand the consequences of his decisions in the criteria deemed important by himself.

Originality/value
– The importance of this work covers academic and practical interests, as it documents the application of MCDA-C and increases knowledge concerning R&D management, whilst developing a recurrent tool of decision aiding in the context of the company studied.
Improvement of fast fluid dynamics with a conservative semi-Lagrangian scheme
Authors: Jin Mingang , Chen Qingyan 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to develop a simple and efficient conservative semi-Lagrangian scheme (SL) for solving advection equation in fast fluid dynamics (FFD), so FFD can provide fast indoor airflow simulations while preserving conservation for energy and species transport.

Design/methodology/approach
– This study thus proposed a mass-fixing type conservative SL that redistributes global surplus/deficit on the advected field after performing the standard semi-Lagrangian advection. The redistribution weights were designed to preserve the properties of conservatives and monotonicity.

Findings
– The effectiveness of the conservative SL was validated with several test cases, and the results show that the proposed scheme is indeed conservative with negligible impact on the accuracy of the standard solutions. The numerical tests show that the proposed scheme was indeed conservative with negligible impact on the accuracy of the flow prediction.

Originality/value
– The FFD with conservative SL can effectively enforce the energy and species conservation for indoor airflow and predict airflow distributions with reasonable accuracy.
New travelling wave solutions for coupled fractional variant Boussinesq equation and approximate long water wave equation
Authors: Yan Limei 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to apply the fractional sub-equation method to research on coupled fractional variant Boussinesq equation and fractional approximate long water wave equation.

Design/methodology/approach
– The algorithm is implemented with the aid of fractional Ricatti equation and the symbol computational system Mathematica.

Findings
– New travelling wave solutions, which include generalized hyperbolic function solutions, generalized trigonometric function solutions and rational solutions, for these two equations are obtained.

Originality/value
– The algorithm is demonstrated to be direct and precise, and can be used for many other nonlinear fractional partial differential equations. The fractional derivatives described in this paper are in the Jumarie's modified Riemann-Liouville sense.