bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-destructive diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by near-infrared spectroscopy and aquaphotomics
Authors: Behdad Saba , Massudi Reza , Pakdel Abbas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInflammatory Bowel Disease includes Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. Currently, diagnosing involves a series of current diagnostic methods that are invasive, time-consuming, and expensive. Near-infrared spectroscopy and aquaphotomics can detect changes in biofluids and thus have the potential to diagnose disease. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic ability of near infrared spectroscopy and aquaphotomics for Inflammatory Bowel Disease and its types. This method used blood plasma and saliva samples absorbance spectrum and multivariate analysis with the Principal Component Analysis and, Linear Discriminant Analysis, Quadratic Discriminant Analysis, and Support Vector Machine in the range 1300–1600 nm and 12 water absorbance bands in this range, separately. In the near-infrared range, total accuracy of 100% led to the separation of the healthy group and Inflammatory Bowel Disease and then the separation of the healthy group and patients with Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease. The aquaphotomics approach was used to investigate the changes in the 12 water absorbance bands and their impact on the accuracy of the diagnostic method. Aquaphotomics also detected 100% of the mentioned samples. We achieved a fast, accurate, non-invasive method based on near-infrared spectroscopy and aquaphotomics to diagnose Inflammatory Bowel Disease and its types using blood plasma or saliva samples. The current study found that monitoring blood plasma or saliva using near-infrared spectra offers an opportunity to thoroughly investigate biofluids and changes in their water spectral patterns caused by complex physiological changes due to Inflammatory Bowel Disease and its types, and to visualize these changes using aquagram.
Experimental and numerical investigations on the bending capacity of cold-formed steel box headers
Authors: Matloub Ahmed A. , Elayouby Sara N. , Ibrahim Sherif M. , Dessouki Abdelrahim K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe study investigates the bending strength of tracks of box headers beyond AISI, which considers the capacity of individual channels alone. Both experimental and FEM are used, and the results are compared to AISI. The findings highlight tracks' significant role in the overall bending capacity. AISI is found to be conservative by 34% to 152%. Failure mode is different from code theoretical expectations for a single channel. Fastener close spacing marginally improves the capacity, while side fasteners offer significant enhancement, but track widening limits this enhancement. A modification to AISI is proposed considering track strength, with outcomes showing good accuracy.
Multi-Target In-Silico modeling strategies to discover novel angiotensin converting enzyme and neprilysin dual inhibitors
Authors: Shah Sapan K. , Chaple Dinesh R. , Masand Vijay H. , Jawarkar Rahul D. , Chaudhari Somdatta , Abiramasundari A. , Zaki Magdi E. A. , Al-Hussain Sami A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCardiovascular diseases, including heart failure, stroke, and hypertension, affect 608 million people worldwide and cause 32% of deaths. Combination therapy is required in 60% of patients, involving concurrent Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone-System (RAAS) and Neprilysin inhibition. This study introduces a novel multi-target in-silico modeling technique (mt-QSAR) to evaluate the inhibitory potential against Neprilysin and Angiotensin-converting enzymes. Using both linear (GA-LDA) and non-linear (RF) algorithms, mt-QSAR classification models were developed using 983 chemicals to predict inhibitory effects on Neprilysin and Angiotensin-converting enzymes. The Box-Jenkins method, feature selection method, and machine learning algorithms were employed to obtain the most predictive model with ~ 90% overall accuracy. Additionally, the study employed virtual screening of designed scaffolds (Chalcone and its analogues, 1,3-Thiazole, 1,3,4-Thiadiazole) applying developed mt-QSAR models and molecular docking. The identified virtual hits underwent successive filtration steps, incorporating assessments of drug-likeness, ADMET profiles, and synthetic accessibility tools. Finally, Molecular dynamic simulations were then used to identify and rank the most favourable compounds. The data acquired from this study may provide crucial direction for the identification of new multi-targeted cardiovascular inhibitors.
The moderating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between occupational stress and mental health issues among nurses
Authors: Rafiei Sima , Souri Saber , Nejatifar Zahra , Amerzadeh Mohammad 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOccupational stress is a complex concept resulting from interaction among personnel, work environment, and cultural contexts. It can cause mental health issues, including clinical mental disorders, as well as emotional challenges like depression, anxiety, cognitive difficulties, and feeling sad. As a vulnerable group, healthcare professionals, especially nurses, experience a high rate of occupational stress. Therefore, we aimed to study the relationship between occupational stress, mental health problems, and self-efficacy among the nursing population. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 365 nurses selected through a two-stage sampling process from tertiary hospitals in Qazvin, Iran, between July and September 2022. Study variables included occupational stress measured by the persian version of the health and safety executive management standards revised indicator tool (MS-RIT), the general health questionnaire containing 28 questions measuring psychological distress in four primary areas of somatic and anxiety symptoms, sleep disorders, social dysfunction, and depression [GHQ–28], and general self-efficacy [GSE–10]. The mentioned variables and some of the nurses’ demographic characteristics, including age, gender, education, and work experience, were analyzed using moderated multiple regression, descriptive statistics, and the Pearson correlation coefficient.The Pearson correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant association between self-efficacy and occupational stress (r = 0.62, P = 0.000) and self-efficacy and mental health (r = 0.67, P = 0.01). Regression analysis demonstrated that occupational stress accounted for 42% of the variation in mental health (R2 = 0.42, P < 0.01). The results also showed that self-efficacy moderates the relationship between occupational stress and mental health, with a significant effect (P < 0.01). The elevated prevalence of occupational stress and the concerning state of mental health among nurses highlight the need for the implementation of intervention programs, including stress prevention strategies at the workplace through organizing better working shifts, as well as increasing nurses’ self-efficacy and their effective participation in work-related tasks aiming to enhance working conditions for nurses.
Effects of mixing water and environmental pH value on the properties of sulfoaluminate cement-based ultra-high water materials
Authors: Zhang Yaohui , Wang Chun , Ren Yumeng , Xiong Zuqiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn order to grasp the influence of the pH value of mixing water and environmental water on the properties of ultra-high water materials, this article separately carried out the influence of different pH values of mixing water on the properties of ultra-high water materials and the conservation of high-water materials in water environments with different pH values. Using test methods such as loss of flow time, compressive strength, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric-Differential Thermal Analysis (TG–DTA), to conduct regular exploration and mechanism analysis. The study found that with the continuous increase of the pH value of the mixing water, the loss of flow time of the ultra-high water material gradually decreased, and the compressive strength of the samples at the same age continued to increase. A lower pH value will affect the compressive strength of the consolidated body of the ultra-high water material, but when the pH = 13 in the reaction solution, the compressive strength of the consolidated body will no longer increase and begin to produce a weakening effect. The pH of the construction water for ultra-high water materials is recommended to be 4–13. At the same time, it was found that under the conservation of an acidic environment, the consolidated body was severely eroded and the strength loss was large. The acid–base environment of the goaf suitable for filling with the ultra-high water material should be between pH = 7–10 to ensure that the filling body is not weakened by erosion.
Effect of bridge height on airflow and aeolian sand flux near surface along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, China
Authors: Xue Chengjie , Zhang Kecun , An Zhishan , Xiao Jianhua , Zhang Hongxue , Pan Jiapeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this work, we studied the near-surface flow field structure of railway bridges with different heights through field investigation and wind tunnel simulation experiments. Meanwhile, we simulated the distribution of sand accumulation around a bridge via CFD software based on the sand accumulation around the Basuoqu bridge in the Cuona Lake section of the Qinghai–Tibet Railway. Results show that the sand around this railway bridge is mainly from the lake sediment on the west side of the railway and the weathered detritus on the east side. The height of the railway bridge in the sandy area affects the distribution of the near-surface flow field and the variation in speed on both sides of the bridge. The wind speed trough on both sides of the 6 m high bridge is higher, and the horizontal distance between the wind speed trough and the bridge section is 1.5 times that of the 3 m high bridge. Wind speed attenuates in a certain range on the windward and leeward sides of the bridge, forming an aeolian area; under the beam body, it is affected by the narrow tube effect, forming a wind erosion area. The height of the bridge determines its sand transport capacity. Under certain wind conditions, the overhead area at the bottom of the 3 m high bridge and its two sides do not have the sand transport capacity, so sand accumulates easily. Nevertheless, the sand accumulation phenomenon gradually disappears with the increase in bridge clearance height. The objectives of this study are to reveal the formation mechanism of sand damage for railway bridges, provide theoretical support for the scientific design of railway bridges in sandy areas, and formulate reasonable railway sand prevention measures to ensure the safety of railway running, which have certain theoretical significance and practical value.
Evaluation of cosmetic outcomes in breast reconstruction patients undergoing radiotherapy using an anomaly generative adversarial network model
Authors: Lee Choong-won , Shin Kyung Hwan , Chang Ji Hyun , Jang Bum-Sup 
Published: July 2024

AbstractConsidering the rising prevalence of breast reconstruction followed by radiotherapy (RT), evaluating the cosmetic impact of RT is crucial. Currently, there are limited tools for objectively assessing cosmetic outcomes in patients who have undergone reconstruction. Therefore, we validated the cosmetic outcome using a previously developed anomaly Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)-based model and evaluated its utility. Between January 2016 and December 2020, we collected computed tomography (CT) images from 82 breast cancer patients who underwent immediate reconstruction surgery followed by radiotherapy. Among these patients, 38 received immediate implant insertion, while 44 underwent autologous breast reconstruction. Anomaly scores (AS) were estimated using an anomaly GAN model at pre-RT, 1st follow-up, 1-year (Post-1Y) and 2-year (Post-2Y) after RT. Subsequently, the scores were analyzed in a time-series manner, considering reconstruction types (implant versus autologous), RT techniques, and the incidence of major complications. The median age of the patients was 46 years (range 29–62). The AS between Post-1Y and Post-2Y demonstrated a positive relationship (coefficient 0.515, P < 0.001). The AS was significantly associated with objective cosmetic indices, namely Breast Contour Difference (P = 0.009) and Breast Area Difference (P = 0.004), at both Post-1Y and Post-2Y. Subgroup analysis stratified by type of breast reconstruction revealed significantly higher AS values in patients who underwent prosthetic implant insertion compared to those with autologous reconstruction at all follow-up time points (1st follow-up, P = 0.001; Post-1Y, P < 0.001; and Post-2Y, P < 0.001). A threshold AS of ≥ 1.9 was associated with a 10% predicted risk of developing major complications. The feasibility of an AS generated by a GAN model for predicting both cosmetic outcomes and the likelihood of complications following RT has been successfully validated. Further investigation involving a larger patient cohort is warranted.
Numerical analysis of blood flow in the abdominal aorta under simulated weightlessness and earth conditions
Authors: Żyłka Marta , Górski Grzegorz , Żyłka Wojciech , Gala-Błądzińska Agnieszka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBlood flow through the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries is a crucial area of research in hemodynamics and cardiovascular diseases. To get in to the problem, this study presents detailed analyses of blood flow through the abdominal aorta, together with left and right iliac arteries, under Earth gravity and weightless conditions, both at the rest stage, and during physical activity. The analysis were conducted using ANSYS Fluent software. The results indicate, that there is significantly less variation in blood flow velocity under weightless conditions, compared to measurement taken under Earth Gravity conditions. Study presents, that the maximum and minimum blood flow velocities decrease and increase, respectively, under weightless conditions. Our model for the left iliac artery revealed higher blood flow velocities during the peak of the systolic phase (systole) and lower velocities during the early diastolic phase (diastole). Furthermore, we analyzed the shear stress of the vessel wall and the mean shear stress over time. Additionally, the distribution of oscillatory shear rate, commonly used in hemodynamic analyses, was examined to assess the effects of blood flow on the blood vessels. Countermeasures to mitigate the negative effects of weightlessness on astronauts health are discussed, including exercises performed on the equipment aboard the space station. These exercises aim to maintain optimal blood flow, prevent the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications.
Influence of Cesarean Section Scar on the Mean Pulsatility Index of the Uterine Artery Doppler between 20 and 34 Weeks of Gestation
Authors: Peixoto Alberto Borges , Guimarães Débora Silva , Maia e Cruz Letícia , de Oliveira Maria Laura , Macedo Filho Saulo da Silva , de Souza Luiz Ronan Marquez Ferreira , Tonni Gabriele , Araujo Júnior Edward 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the influence of the cesarean section scars on the mean pulsatility index (PI) of the uterine artery Doppler between 20 and 34 weeks of gestation. A secondary objective was to assess the association between previous cesarean section and adverse maternal/perinatal outcomes.A retrospective cohort study was conducted with pregnant women who had their deliveries between March 2014 and February 2023. PI of the uterine arteries Doppler was performed transvaginally between 20–24 weeks and transabdominally between 28–34 weeks. The following variables were considered adverse perinatal outcomes: birth weight < 10th percentile for gestational age, preeclampsia, premature birth, placental abruption, perinatal death, postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission.A total of 479 pregnant women were included in the final statistical analysis, being that 70.6% (338/479) had no (Group I) and 29.4% (141/479) had at least one previous cesarean section (Group II). Pregnant women with a previous cesarean had higher median of mean PI (1.06 vs. 0.97, p = 0.044) and median MoM of mean PI uterine arteries Doppler (1.06 vs. 0.98, p = 0.037) than pregnant women without previous cesarean section at ultrasound 20–24 weeks. Pregnant women with a previous cesarean section had higher median of mean PI (0.77 vs. 0.70, p < 0.001) and mean MoM PI uterine arteries Doppler (1.08 vs. 0.99, p < 0.001) than pregnant women without previous cesarean section at ultrasound 28–34 weeks. Pregnant women with ≥ 2 previous cesarean sections had a higher median of mean PI uterine arteries Doppler than those with no previous cesarean sections (1.19 vs. 0.97, p = 0.036). Group II had a lower risk of postpartum hemorrhage (aPR 0.31, 95% CI 0.13–0.75, p = 0.009) and
composite neonatal outcome (aPR 0.66, 95% CI 0.49–0.88, p = 0.006). Group II had a higher risk of APGAR score at the 5th minute < 7 (aPR 0.75, 95% CI 1.49–51.29, p = 0.016).The number of previous cesarean sections had a significant influence on the mean PI uterine arteries Doppler between 20–24 and 28–34 weeks of gestation. Previous cesarean section was an independent predictor of postpartum hemorrhage and APGAR score at the 5th minute < 7. Pregnancy-associated arterial hypertension and number of previous deliveries influenced the risk of composite neonatal outcome, but not the presence of previous cesarean section alone.
Minimally Invasive Epilepsy Surgery
Authors: Nordli III Douglas R. , Taha Mohamed , Freund Brin , Nordli Douglas R. , Galan Fernando 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSurgery remains a critical and often necessary intervention for a subset of patients with epilepsy. The overarching objective of surgical treatment has consistently been to enhance the quality of life for these individuals, either by achieving seizure freedom or by eliminating debilitating seizure types. This review specifically examines minimally invasive surgical approaches for epilepsy. Contemporary advancements have introduced a range of treatments that offer increased safety and efficacy compared to traditional open resective epilepsy surgeries. This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of these techniques and technologies.
Biomechanical Principles of Intramedullary Nails in Veterinary and Human Medicine
Authors: Sisk Morgan R. , Yang Lydia C. , Paul Kyle D. , Elphingstone Joseph W. , Brabston Eugene W. , Ponce Brent A. , Martin Elliott C. , Corriveau Kayla M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntramedullary nails are specialized metal rods inserted into the medullary cavity of a fractured bone and secured to reduce load on the fracture site, provide stability, and permit healing. The purpose of this review is to highlight the biomechanics of orthopaedic intramedullary nailing, as well as discuss the biomechanical considerations that have shaped implant design and fixation technique in veterinary and human medicine. Relevant studies were included from the PubMed database and Google Scholar for discussion on the basic science and nail design of intramedullary nails. Implant design and implementation continues to progress, with new innovative designs currently under investigation. A lack of consensus remains on the superior implant material. Recent studies, particularly in human populations, have supported the use of reaming based on reoperation rates, nonunion rates, and dynamization. Design modifications, such as the expandable intramedullary nails and angle-stable interlocking designs, have been investigated as methods of improving cortical contact and resisting torsional stress. Intramedullary nailing is a valuable stabilization technique for long bone fractures across a variety of species. The technology continues to undergo design improvements in both veterinary and human medicine.
15.3.5 Synthesis of Quinoline Derivatives by Modification of a Methyl Substituent at the C2 or C8 Position
Authors: Sharma U. , Parmar D. , Sumit  , Manisha  
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This review is an update contribution covering methodologies reported between the years 2005–2022 for the side-chain modification of quinolines. The focus is on the literature published for the transformation of a “methyl group” at the C2 and C8 position of quinoline. Various metal-catalyzed and metal-free protocols for C(sp3)—H functionalization are described.
Anharmonic and quantum effects in Pm3̄ AlM(M = Hf, Zr)H6 under high pressure: A first-principles study
Authors: Hou Pugeng , Ma Yao , Pang Mi , Cai Yongmao , Shen Yuhua , Xie Hui , Tian Fubo 
Published: July 2024

First-principles calculations were employed to investigate the impact of quantum ionic fluctuations and lattice anharmonicity on the crystal structure and superconductivity of Pm3̄ AlM(M = Hf, Zr)H6 at pressures of 0.3–21.2 GPa (AlHfH6) and 4.7–39.5 GPa (AlZrH6) within the stochastic self-consistent harmonic approximation. A correction is predicted for the crystal lattice parameters, phonon spectra, and superconducting critical temperatures, previously estimated without considering ionic fluctuations on the crystal structure and assuming the harmonic approximation for lattice dynamics. The findings suggest that quantum ionic fluctuations have a significant impact on the crystal lattice parameters, phonon spectra, and superconducting critical temperatures. Based on our anharmonic phonon spectra, the structures will be dynamically stable at 0.3 GPa for AlHfH6 and 6.2 GPa for AlZrH6, ∼6 and 7 GPa lower than pressures given by the harmonic approximation, respectively. Due to the anharmonic correction of their frequencies, the electron–phonon coupling constants (λ) are suppressed by 28% at 11 GPa for AlHfH6 and 22% at 30 GPa for AlZrH6, respectively. The decrease in λ causes Tc to be overestimated by ∼12 K at 11 GPa for AlHfH6 and 30 GPa for AlZrH6. Even if the anharmonic and quantum effects are not as strong as those of Pm3̄n-AlH3, our results also indicate that metal hydrides with hydrogen atoms in interstitial sites are subject to anharmonic effects. Our results will inevitably stimulate future high-pressure experiments on synthesis, structural, and conductivity measurements.
Axialgravisolitons at infinite corner
Authors: Manzoni Federico 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Gravitational solitons (gravisolitons) are particular exact solutions of Einstein field equation in vacuum build on a given background solution. Their interpretation is not yet fully clear but they contain many of the physically relevant solutions low N-solitons solutions. However, a systematic study and characterization of gravisolitons solution for every N is lacking and their relevance in a theory of quantum gravity is not fully understood. This work aims to investigate and characterize some properties of N-axialsoliton solutions such as their asymptotically behaviour and asymptotic symmetries given minimal assumptions on the background metric. We develop an explicit systematic asymptotically expansion for the N-axialsoliton solution and we compute the leading order of the asymptotic killing vectors. Moreover, in the perspective to better understand the role of gravisolitons in quantum gravity we make a link, and a one of the first explicit test, to the corner symmetry proposal deriving which subalgebra of the universal corner symmetry algebra is generated by the asymptotic Killing vectors of N-axialsoliton solution. In the spirit of the corner proposal, the axialgravisoliton corner symmetry algebra (

agcsa

) can be useful for the quantization of the non-asymptotically flat sector of gravity while, in the spirit of IR triangle, new soft theorems and memory effects could emerge.