bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of tissue‐engineered self‐expandable aortic stent grafts (Bio stent grafts) using in‐body tissue architecture technology in beagles
Authors: Kawajiri Hidetake , Mizuno Takeshi , Moriwaki Takeshi , Ishibashi‐Ueda Hatsue , Yamanami Masashi , Kanda Keiichi , Yaku Hitoshi , Nakayama Yasuhide 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to describe the development of tissue‐engineered self‐expandable aortic stent grafts (Bio stent graft) using in‐body tissue architecture technology in beagles and to determine its mechanical and histological properties. The preparation mold was assembled by insertion of an acryl rod (outer diameter, 8.6 mm; length, 40 mm) into a self‐expanding nitinol stent (internal diameter, 9.0 mm; length, 35 mm). The molds (n = 6) were embedded into the subcutaneous pouches of three beagles for 4 weeks. After harvesting and removing each rod, the excessive fragile tissue connected around the molds was trimmed, and thus tubular autologous connective tissues with the stent were obtained for use as Bio stent grafts (outer diameter, approximately 9.3 mm in all molds). The stent strut was completely surrounded by the dense collagenous membrane (thickness, ∼150 µm). The Bio stent graft luminal surface was extremely flat and smooth. The graft wall of the Bio stent graft possessed an elastic modulus that was almost two times higher than that of the native beagle abdominal aorta. This Bio stent graft is expected to exhibit excellent biocompatibility after being implanted in the aorta, which may reduce the risk of type 1 endoleaks or migration. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 381–386, 2015.
Extraperitoneal and intraperitoneal behavior of several biological meshes currently used to repair abdominal wall defects
Authors: Pascual G. , Sotomayor S. , Rodríguez M. , Arteaga V. , Bellón J. M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundThis study compares the behavior of several cross‐ and noncrosslinked biomeshes (Permacol®, CollaMend®, Surgisis®, Tutomesh®, and Strattice®) currently used for abdominal wall repair when implanted intraperitoneally and extraperitoneally. Material and Methods. Intraperitoneal (IP) implants were fixed on the parietal peritoneum and partial abdominal wall defects (EP) were repaired using each of the biomeshes, in the rabbit abdominal wall. After 90 days of implant, the biomeshes were examined to assess biomesh degradation, collagen I and III expression (Sirius red staining) and the host macrophage response (immunohistochemistry). Results. Following implant, the thinner noncrosslinked biomeshes Tutomesh and Surgisis, were almost fully degraded in both models. In contrast, Strattice behavior was similar to crosslinked biomeshes, showing negligible degree of degradation. This mesh also showed high expression of collagen I, similar to the crosslinked. The noncrosslinked materials elicited lower macrophage counts, significantly so for Strattice. In IP and EP models, Permacol showed similarly high macrophages while counts were lower for CollaMend and Surgisis in the EP model. Conclusions. The intra or extraperitoneal implant of the different meshes did not affect host tissue incorporation or mesh degradation. The crosslinked biomeshes induced a more intense macrophage response regardless of their IP or EP location. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 365–372, 2015.
Molecular mechanism of cholangiocarcinoma carcinogenesis
Authors: Maemura Kosei , Natsugoe Shoji , Takao Sonshin 
Published: June 2014

Abstract Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly malignant cancer of the biliary tract with a poor prognosis, which often arises from conditions causing long‐term inflammation, injury, and reparative biliary epithelial cell proliferation. Several conditions are known to be major risk factors for cancer in the biliary tract or gallbladder, including primary sclerosing cholangitis, liver fluke infection, pancreaticobiliary maljunction, and chemical exposure in proof‐printing workers. Abnormalities in various signaling cascades, molecules, and genetic mutations are involved in the pathogenesis of CCA. CCA is characterized by a series of highly recurrent mutations in genes, including KRAS, BRF, TP53, Smad, and p16INK4a. Cytokines that are affected by inflammatory environmental conditions, such as interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF), play an important role in cancer pathogenesis. Prominent signaling pathways important in carcinogenesis include TGF‐β/Smad, IL‐6/STAT‐3, PI3K/AKT, Wnt, RAF/MEK/MAPK, and Notch. Additionally, some microRNAs regulate targets in critical pathways of CCA development and progression. This review article provides the understanding of the genetic and epigenetic mechanism(s) of carcinogenesis in CCA, which leads to the development of new therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of this devastating cancer.
Globuliossei in the long limb bones of Pleurodeleswaltl (Amphibia, Urodela, Salamandridae)
Authors: Quilhac Alexandra , de Ricqlès Armand , Lamrous Hayat , Zylberberg Louise 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTTo date, little is known about the structure of the cells and the fibrillar matrix of the globuli ossei, globular structures showing histochemical properties of an osseous tissue, sometimes found in the resorption front of the hypertrophied cartilage in many tetrapods, and easily observed in the long bones of the Urodele Pleurodeles waltl. Here, we present the results obtained from the appendicular long bones of metamorphosed juveniles and subadults using histological and histochemical methods and transmission electron microscopy. The distal part of the cone‐shaped cartilage contains a heterogeneous cell population composed of the typical “light” hypertrophic chondrocytes and scarce “dark” hypertrophic chondrocytes. The “dark” chondrocytes display ultrastructural characteristics suggesting that they probably undergo degeneration through chondroptosis. However, in the hypertrophic, calcified cartilage close to the erosion front by the marrow, several noninvaded chondrocytic lacunae retained cells that do not show any morphological characteristics of degeneration and that cannot be identified as regular chondrocytes or osteocytes. These modified chondrocytes that have lost their regular morphology, appear to be active in the terminal cartilage and synthesize collagen fibrils of a peculiar diameter intermediate between the Type I collagen found in bone and the Type II collagen characteristic of cartilage. It is suggested that the local occurrence of globuli ossei is linked to a low rate of longitudinal growth as is the case in the long bones of postmetamorphic urodeles. J. Morphol. 275:1226–1237, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Montana deer and Elk hunting population: The importance of cohort group, license price, and population demographics on hunter retention, recruitment, and population change
Authors: Schorr Robert A. , Lukacs Paul M. , Gude Justin A. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTBig‐game hunting is a valuable resource for outdoor recreation opportunities, an economic driver for state and local economies, and the primary mechanism for funding game and non‐game wildlife management. However, hunting license sales are declining, leading many state wildlife management agencies to re‐evaluate funding and management structures. Understanding the mechanisms behind such declines, and diagnosing the persistence of such trends is necessary to anticipate license fund fluctuations. To examine hunter recruitment and retention rates, we analyzed a data set of >490,000 deer and elk license records from 2002 to 2011 from the Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks' Automated Licensing System. We used a temporal symmetry model in a mark–recapture framework to estimate hunter retention, recruitment rates, and population change, and then used population change estimates to forecast future hunter populations. We used covariates of gender, age, residency, and license price to improve model parsimony. Millennial generation hunters increased during the 11‐year analysis, and this was driven by high recruitment rates of young hunters, especially women, but recruitment decreased dramatically as youth aged. Because Baby Boomers constitute such a large proportion of the hunting population, decreases in recruitment and retention in this cohort drove declines in the Montana hunter population. Increasing license price decreased the probability of recruiting and retaining hunters. The hunter population was stable until 2006, but has been declining since that time with nearly a 50% decline in hunter recruitment from 2002 to 2011. © 2014 The Wildlife Society.
Wallerian degeneration and recovery of motor nerves after multiple focused cold therapies
Authors: Hsu Michael , Stevenson Fang F. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTIntroduction: A device has been developed to apply freezing temperatures to temporarily impede nerve conduction, resulting in inhibition of voluntary skeletal muscle contraction. This device was designed as an alternative to the neurotoxins usually used to treat movement disorders. Methods: We evaluated the effects of single and 3 repeat treatments with a cryoprobe device (−55°C) on a sciatic nerve rat model. Long‐term effects of repeated treatment were evaluated through assessments of physiological function and histological analysis. Results: There was consistent weakening of physiological function after each treatment, with recovery of normal function by 8 weeks posttreatment. Histological findings showed axonal degeneration with no disruption to the epineurial or perineurial structures. Progressive axonal regeneration was followed by normal recovery by 24 weeks post‐treatment. Conclusions: Low‐temperature treatment of motor nerves did not result in permanent or long‐term changes to nerve function or structure. Muscle Nerve 51: 268–275, 2015
Non‐specific psychological distress in women undergoing noninvasive prenatal testing because of advanced maternal age
Authors: Suzumori Nobuhiro , Ebara Takeshi , Kumagai Kyoko , Goto Shinobu , Yamada Yasuyuki , Kamijima Michihiro , Sugiura‐Ogasawara Mayumi 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe objective of our study was to describe our clinical experience in providing noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for fetal aneuploidy to pregnant women, highlighting the degree of non‐specific psychological distress.MethodsData were collected from Japanese women who were offered and underwent NIPT after genetic counseling and control pregnant women who did not undergo NIPT as part of the Japan Environment and Children's Study Control A planning. The degree of mental distress was assessed using the Kessler 6 (K6) screening scale with a score of ≥10 indicating depression or anxiety disorder.ResultsAmong the 505 women who underwent NIPT because of advanced maternal age, 9.1% had a K6 score of ≥10. Compared with matched controls (n = 1010) adjusted for maternal age and gestational age, the NIPT group showed a trend toward higher K6 scores (odds ratio 1.44, 95% confidence interval 0.97–2.13, P = 0.07). Higher K6 scores were associated with women whose husbands were the primary decision makers during NIPT counseling (P = 0.06).ConclusionsWomen electing NIPT tend to have higher scores of depression/anxiety, and those with higher depression scores tended to defer the decision to their husbands. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evidence of mechanisms occurring in thermally induced phase separation of polymeric systems
Authors: Mannella Gianluca A. , Carfì Pavia Francesco , Conoscenti Gioacchino , La Carrubba Vincenzo , Brucato Valerio 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTThermally induced phase separation is a fabrication technique for porous polymeric structures. By means of easy‐to‐tune processing parameters, such as system composition and demixing temperature, a vast latitude of average pore dimensions, pore size distributions, and morphologies can be obtained. The relation between demixing temperature and morphology was demonstrated via cloud point curve measurement and foams fabrication with controlled thermal protocols, for the model system poly‐l‐lactide–dioxane–water. The morphologies obtained at a temperature lower than cloud point showed a closed‐pore architecture, suggesting a “nucleation‐and‐growth” separation mechanism, which produced larger pores at higher holding times. Conversely, the porous structures attained when holding the sample above the cloud point exhibited open pores with dimensions independent of time, denoting a phase separation occurring during sample freezing. Finally, the influence of the cooling rate on final morphology was investigated, showing a clear correlation with microstructure and pore size. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2014, 52, 979–983
Copolymer architecture effects on the morphology and surface performance of epoxy thermosets containing fluorinated block copolymers
Authors: Zheng Yaochen , Xue Qingquan , Zhu Lemin , Xin Zhirong , Sheng Yan , Ren Wanzhong 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTThe architecture effects on phases and surface enrichment behaviors of epoxy nanocomposites containing fluorinated block copolymers are investigated by the incorporation of two novel copolymers composed of poly (2, 2, 2‐trifluoroethyl methacrylate) (PTFEMA) and poly (ε‐caprolactone) (PCL), PCL‐b‐PTFEMA and PTFEMA‐b‐PCL‐b‐PTFEMA, with identical molecular weight and composition. These fluorinated copolymers in epoxy display distinguished self‐assembled structures, as evidenced by dynamic laser scattering and scanning electron microscopy measurements. Static contact angle detection suggests that the nanocomposites display an obvious improvement in surface water repellency and a reduction in surface free energy. The enhancement in surface hydrophobicity is attributed to the enrichment of PTFEMA blocks at the nanocomposite surface and to the formation of the specific surface morphology, as confirmed by atomic force microscopy. The different architectures of the two block copolymers give rise to differences in phase‐structures, and the ultimate surface performances of composites. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2014, 52, 1037–1045
The structure of a far‐red fluorescent protein, AQ143, shows evidence in support of reported red‐shifting chromophore interactions
Authors: Wannier Timothy M. , Mayo Stephen L. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractEngineering fluorescent proteins (FPs) to emit light at longer wavelengths is a significant focus in the development of the next generation of fluorescent biomarkers, as far‐red light penetrates tissue with minimal absorption, allowing better imaging inside of biological hosts. Structure‐guided design and directed evolution have led to the discovery of red FPs with significant bathochromic shifts to their emission. Here, we present the crystal structure of one of the most bathochromically shifted FPs reported to date, AQ143, a nine‐point mutant of aeCP597, a chromoprotein from Actinia equina. The 2.19 Å resolution structure reveals several important chromophore interactions that contribute to the protein's far‐red emission and shows dual occupancy of the green and red chromophores.
Distributed robust control of uncertain linear multi‐agent systems
Authors: Wang Jingyao , Duan Zhisheng , Wen Guanghui , Chen Guanrong 
Published: June 2014

SummaryIn this paper, the distributed H ∞  robust control problem synthesized with transient performance is investigated for a group of autonomous agents governed by uncertain general linear node dynamics. Based on the relative information between neighboring agents and some information of other agents, distributed state‐feedback and observer‐type output‐feedback control protocols are designed and analyzed, respectively. By using tools from robust control theory, conditions for the existence of controllers for solving such a problem are established. It is shown that the problem of distributed H ∞  robust control synthesized with transient performance can be converted to the H ∞  control problem synthesized with transient performance for decoupled linear systems of the same low dimensions. Finally, simulation examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the design. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Memory leak detection in Plumbr
Authors: Šor Vladimir , Srirama Satish Narayana , Salnikov‐Tarnovski Nikita 
Published: June 2014

SummaryPlatforms with automatic memory management, such as the JVM, are usually considered free of memory leaks. However, memory leaks can happen in such environments, as the garbage collector cannot free objects, which are not used by the application anymore, but are still referenced. Such unused objects can eventually fill up the heap and crash the application. Although this problem has been studied extensively, nevertheless, there are still many rooms for improvement in this area. This paper describes the statistical approach for memory leak detection, as an alternative, along with a commercial tool, Plumbr, which is based on the method. The tool is later analyzed with three case studies of real applications and in the process also analyzes strengths and weaknesses of the statistical approach for memory leak detection. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Das Estádio Nacional Mané Garrincha in Brasília
Authors: Göppert Knut , Stockhusen Knut , Dziewas Stefan 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDie brasilianische Hauptstadt, gerade 50 Jahre alt geworden, steht auf der Weltkulturerbeliste der UNESCO. Bauingenieure finden hier kühne und beachtliche Stahlbetonkonstruktionen und für Architekten ist Brasília so etwas wie der heilige Boden der Moderne. Die Architekten von gmp und die Ingenieure von schlaich bergermann und partner empfanden es als große Ehre, Teil des Teams zu sein, das dem Ensemble von Costa und Niemeyer ein weiteres monumentales Bauwerk hinzufügen durfte. Und so entstand, in der Tradition von Brasilia mit einem verwandten formalen und materiellem Ausdruck und den Methoden von heute, ein neues multifunktionales Stadion. Aus der Geschichte des bestehenden Stadions ergab sich eine wichtige Entwurfsvorgabe: Ursprünglich war vorgesehen, die bestehende Stadionschüssel nur zu erweitern und alle Erschließungsfunktionen sowie die neue Dachkonstruktion getrennt davon anzuordnen. Dies erklärt auch den Entwurf, obwohl am Ende aus vielerlei Gründen eine komplett neue Stadionschüssel entstanden ist. Doch gerade das Wechselspiel zwischen Rampen, Brücken, Stützen und dem kraftvollen, perfekt kreisrunden Dach, das außerhalb der Stadionschüssel angeordnet wurde, macht den besonderen Reiz des Gebäudes aus. Und während der schwere Ring auf einer Vielzahl von Stahlbetonstützen ruht und dem Bauwerk seine Monumentalität gibt, schwebt daran verankert ein Leichtbaudach par Excellence.Estádio Nacional Mané Garrincha, Brasília. The Brazilian capital, which just turned 50 years old, is an UNESCO World Heritage Site. Where civil engineers will find bold and substantial reinforced concrete constructions, for architects Brasília is some kind of holy ground of modernity. For the architects of gmp and the engineers of schlaich bergermann und partner it was a great honor to be part of the team that could add another monumental building to the ensemble of Costa and Niemeyer. And this is how a new multi‐functional stadium was built, in the tradition of Brasilia with its formal and tangible print and with the methods of today. Resulting from the history of the existing stadium, it was an important design requirement to expand the existing stadium bowl and to place all access functions as well as the new roof structure separately. This also gives an explanation of the design, although at the end and for many reasons a completely new stadium bowl was built. But it is precisely the interplay between ramps, bridges, columns and the powerful, perfectly circular roof, placed outside the stadium bowl, that makes the special charm of the building. The heavy ring rests on a variety of reinforced concrete columns giving the building its monumentality, while above floats anchored a lightweight roof par excellence.
Fast‐track design and build of a FIFA compliant stadium
Authors: Paech Christoph , Göppert Knut , Wilbrenninck Steven 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAl Ain has one of the most important and successful soccer clubs in the U.A.E. The new Hazza Bin Zayed Stadium shall be the new civic landmark of Al Ain. The geometry of the roof is developed in order to provide full shading over the field of play and the stands for every day in the year after 5:45 pm – reducing the solar energy gains during events to a minimum but allowing natural turf to grow. The striking roof geometry consists of a primary steel structure with a PVC/PES membrane cladding. The exterior palm bole façade consists of a steel diagrid structure with 612 individual orientated PTFE/Glass membrane panels to achieve maximum shading but also to allow possible views from the inside. The membrane panels in combination with the primary steel structure is a homage to the palm bole – an emblem of the Oasis of Al Ain. A modular system has been developed in order to rationalize the façade and cladding system and to reduce the construction time as much as possible. The article describes how this FIFA compliant stadium has been designed and build in just 18 months.Rekordzeit für den Entwurf und Bau eines Stadions nach FIFA‐Anforderungen – Das Hazza Bin Zayed Stadium in Al Ain/U.A.E. Das Hazza Bin Zayed Stadion ist das neue Wahrzeichen von Al Ain und wird für die Heimspiele des erfolgreichen Al Ain Football Clubs genutzt. Das Dach wurde so entwickelt, dass das Spielfeld und die Tribünen ganzjährig ab 17:45 Uhr voll im Schatten liegen. So wird die Sonneneinstrahlung auf ein Minimum reduziert, ohne dabei das natürliche Rasenwachstum zu beeinträchtigen. Die beeindruckende Geometrie der Dachschale besteht aus einer Stahlkonstruktion mit einer PVC/PES‐Membran‐Verkleidung. 612 einzeln ausgerichtete Membran‐Paneele formen zusammen mit einer primären Stahlkonstruktion in diagonalem Raster die äußere Fassade. Durch die Paneele wird auch in der Fassade die Verschattung maximiert, diese verhindern jedoch nicht den gewünschten Ausblick von innen. Mit der primären Stahlkonstruktion stellen die Membranflächen eine Hommage an den Palmenstamm dar – ein Wahrzeichen der Oase von Al Ain. Um die Konstruktion der Fassade und der Verkleidung zu vereinheitlichen und die Bauzeit so weit wie möglich zu verringern, wurde ein modulares System entwickelt. Dieser Aufsatz beschreibt den Entwurf des Stadions nach FIFA‐Anforderungen, das in nur 18 Monaten fertiggestellt wurde.