bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of plasma miR-4505, miR-4743-5p and miR-4750-3p as novel diagnostic biomarkers for coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case-control study
Authors: Szydełko Joanna , Czop Marcin , Petniak Alicja , Lenart-Lipińska Monika , Kocki Janusz , Zapolski Tomasz , Matyjaszek-Matuszek Beata 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are commonly coexisting clinical entities with still growing incidence worldwide. Recently, circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as novel molecular players in cardiometabolic diseases. This study aimed to identify a specific miRNA signature as a candidate biomarker for CAD in T2DM and to delineate potential miRNA-dependent mechanisms contributing to diabetic atherosclerosis.

Methods
A total of 38 plasma samples from T2DM patients with and without CAD, CAD patients and healthy controls were collected for expression profiling of 2,578 miRNAs using microarrays. To investigate the regulatory role of differentially expressed (DE)-miRNA target genes, functional annotation and pathway enrichment analyses were performed utilizing multiple bioinformatics tools. Then, protein-protein interaction networks were established leveraging the STRING database in Cytoscape software, followed by cluster analysis and hub gene identification. Reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was carried out for microarray data validation in the larger replication cohort of 94 participants. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was applied to evaluate the diagnostic values of miRNAs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to develop miRNA-based diagnostic models.

Results
In the discovery stage, overexpression of hsa-miR-4505, hsa-miR-4743-5p, hsa-miR-6846-5p, and down-regulation of hsa-miR-3613-3p, hsa-miR-4668-5p, hsa-miR-4706, hsa-miR-6511b-5p, hsa-miR-6750-5p, hsa-miR-4750-3p, hsa-miR-320e, hsa-miR-4717-3p, hsa-miR-7850-5p were detected in T2DM-CAD patients. The DE-miRNA target genes were significantly enriched in calcium ion binding, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and gene expression. hsa-miR-4505, hsa-miR-4743-5p, and hsa-miR-4750-3p were found to be involved in fatty acid metabolism, leukocyte transendothelial migration, and neurotrophin signaling pathway. Dysregulation of hsa-miR-4505, hsa-miR-4743-5p, and hsa-miR-4750-3p in T2DM-CAD patients compared with T2DM subjects and controls (all p < 0.001) was further confirmed by RT-qPCR. All validated miRNAs demonstrated good discriminatory values for T2DM-CAD (AUC = 0.833–0.876). The best performance in detecting CAD in T2DM was achieved for a combination of three miRNAs (AUC = 0.959, 100% sensitivity, 86.67% specificity).

Conclusions
Our study revealed a unique profile of plasma-derived miRNAs in T2DM patients with CAD. Potential miRNA-regulated pathways were also identified, exploring the underlying pathogenesis of CAD in T2DM. We developed a specific three-miRNA panel of hsa-miR-4505, hsa-miR-4743-5p and hsa-miR-4750-3p, that could serve as a novel non-invasive biomarker for CAD in patients with T2DM.
Fast-track surgery with three-port versus conventional perioperative management of bladder cancer associated laparoscopic radical cystectomy and Ileal conduit diversion: Chinese experience
Authors: Lin Guangzheng , Wang Xin , Ma Jiaxing , Sun Wei , Han Chengxiang , Tang Liang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study seeks to explore the impact of fast track surgery (FTS) with three-port in patients treated with laparoscopic radical cystectomy and ileal conduit on postoperative recovery, hospital stay and the complications.

Methods
This retrospective study analyzed 230 patients with invasive bladder cancer who underwent laparoscopic radical cystectomy at the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University between December 2011 to January 2023. 50 patients received conventional surgery (CS) and 180 patients received FTS with three-port. Patients were assessed for time to normal diet consumption, time to passing first flatus, number of postoperative recovery days and complications. Trends of serum C-reactive protein levels were monitored preoperatively and on postoperative days 1, 3 and 7.

Results
Patients who underwent FTS with three-port had a shorter duration to first flatus (P < 0.05). And number of postoperative hospital days and the length of hospital stay were notably shorter in contrast to the CS group (P < 0.05). Serum CRP levels on postoperative day 7 were markedly reduced in those of the FTS group compared to the CS group (P < 0.05). Those of the CS group experienced more frequent rates of complications compared to those of the FTS with three-port group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate that the FTS with three-port program hastens postoperative recovery and reduces duration of hospital stay. It is safer and more effective than the CS program in the Chinese population undergoing laparoscopic radical cystectomy.
Italian and Middle Eastern adherence to Mediterranean diet in relation to Body Mass Index and non-communicable diseases: nutritional adequacy of simulated weekly food plans
Authors: Luconi Ester , Tosi Martina , Boracchi Patrizia , Colonna Ilaria , Rappocciolo Emilia , Ferraretto Anita , Lorenzini Erna C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The Mediterranean diet (MD), known to prevent obesity, overweight and the related non communicable diseases (NCD), is based on typical dishes, foods and on a common cultural milieu. Although MD is the basis of dietary guidelines, the prevalence of obesity, overweight and NCD, is increasing both in Western regions, and even more in Middle Eastern regions (MER). This study aimed to analyze (i) the impact of different levels of adherence to the MD, in Italy and MER, on body mass index (BMI) (ii) the bromatological composition of a simulated 7-days food plan (7-DFP) based on Italian or MER typical meals, following MD criteria and the Italian or MER food base dietary guideline; (iii) the optimization of nutrients impacting on NCD.

Methods
The 7-DFPs were implemented using a dietary software. The association between adherence to MD and BMI was evaluated by pooled estimated ORs (with 95% confidence intervals and p-values). Pooled measures were obtained by the methods appropriate for meta-analysis. The different food-based guidelines have been compared.

Results
The pooled ORs of obese status comparing medium vs. high adherence to MD were: 1.19 (95% C.I.: 0.99; 1.42, p-value = 0.062) and 1.12 (95% C.I.: 0.90; 1.38, p-value = 0.311) for MER and Italy respectively. For the comparison of low vs. high adherence, the pooled ORs were 1.05 (95% C.I.: 0.88; 1.24, p-value = 0.598) for MER, and 1.20 (95% C.I.: 1.02; 1.41, p-value = 0.031) for Italy when outliers are removed. High adherence to the MD resulted as potential protective factor against obesity. In MER 7-DFP: total fats is higher (34.5 E%) vs. Italian 7-DFP (29.4 E%); EPA (20 mg) and DHA (40 mg) are lower than recommended (200 mg each); sugars (12.6 E%) are higher than recommended (< 10 E%). Calcium, Zinc, and vitamin D do not reach target values in both 7-DFPs.

Conclusion
This study highlights that, even when 7-DFPs follow MD and refer to nutrient needs, it is necessary to verify nutrient excesses or deficits impacting on NCD. High MD adherence is protective toward NCDs. MD principles, and energy balance should be communicated according to socioeconomic and educational levels.
Targeting tumor-infiltrating CCR8+ regulatory T cells induces antitumor immunity through functional restoration of CD4+ Tconvs and CD8+ T cells in colorectal cancer
Authors: Chen Qian , Shen Meiying , Yan Min , Han Xiaojian , Mu Song , Li Ya , Li Luo , Wang Yingming , Li Shenglong , Li Tingting , Wang Yingying , Wang Wang , Wei Zhengqiang , Hu Chao , Jin Aishun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 8 (CCR8) is a chemokine receptor selectively expressed on tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells (Tregs). Strong immunosuppression mediated by CCR8+ Tregs observed in breast and lung malignancies suggest for their functional significance in cancer therapy. To date, detailed characterization of tumor-infiltrating CCR8+ Tregs cells in colorectal cancer (CRC) is limited.

Methods
To study the presence and functional involvement of CCR8+ Tregs in CRC, we analyzed the proportions of CCR8-expressing T cells in different T cell subsets in tumor and adjacent normal tissues and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from CRC patients by Flow cytometry. Also, we compared the distribution of CCR8+ T cells in malignant tissues and peripheral lymphoid organs from a subcutaneous CRC murine model. Bioinformatic analysis was performed to address the significance of CCR8 expression levels in CRC prognosis, immune regulatory gene expression profiles and potential molecular mechanisms associated with CCR8+ Tregs in CRC tumors. Further, we administrated an anti-CCR8 monoclonal antibody to CT26 tumor-bearing mice and examined the antitumor activity of CCR8-targeted therapy both in vivo and in an ex vivo confirmative model.

Results
Here, we showed that Tregs was predominantly presented in the tumors of CRC patients (13.4 ± 5.8, p < 0.0001) and the CRC subcutaneous murine model (35.0 ± 2.6, p < 0.0001). CCR8 was found to be preferentially expressed on these tumor-infiltrating Tregs (CRC patients: 63.6 ± 16.0, p < 0.0001; CRC murine model: 65.3 ± 9.5, p < 0.0001), which correlated with poor survival. We found that majority of the CCR8+ Tregs expressed activation markers and exhibited strong suppressive functions. Treatment with anti-CCR8 antibody hampered the growth of subcutaneous CRC tumor through effectively restoring the anti-tumor immunity of CD4+ conventional T cells (CD4+ Tconvs) and CD8+ T cells, which was confirmed in the ex vivo examinations.

Conclusions
Collectively, these findings illustrate the importance of CCR8+ Tregs for an immunosuppressive microenvironment in CRC tumors by functional inhibition of CD4+ Tconvs and CD8+ T cells, and suggest for the applicable value of CCR8-targeted therapy for CRC.
Triglyceride-glucose index and glycemic dynamics in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: implications for disease progression and prognosis
Authors: Song Yunda , Jiang Lingmin , Han Yuanxia , Zhang Subo , Li Shengping 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
To elucidate the relationship between the triglyceride-glycemic index (TyG) and clinical characteristics of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods
A total of 1,594 individuals diagnosed with pancreatic and periampullary neoplasms were categorized into four groups: PDAC-early (n = 403), locally advanced PDAC (LAPC, n = 315), PDAC-late with distant metastasis (n = 371), and other tumor types (n = 505). TyG-high was defined as a TyG index greater than 8.81 in males and 8.73 in females.

Results
The prevalence of TyG-high status was highest in PDAC-early (68.48%), followed by LAPC (53.33%), and lowest in PDAC-late (44.47%). TyG-high status significantly predicted worse PDAC prognosis (P = 0.0166), particularly in PDAC-late (P = 0.0420). Despite similar blood glucose levels across PDAC groups (P = 0.897), PDAC-early patients showed significantly higher rates of glycemic disturbances (56.33% vs. 32.28%) and TyG-high status (68.48% vs. 47.13%) compared to those with other tumors. Progressive increases in glycemic disturbances and TyG-high status were observed from benign to pre-malignant lesions and PDAC-early. PDAC-early patients at the pancreatic head exhibited higher rates of glycemic disturbances (58.12% vs. 33.33%, P < 0.0001), larger pancreatic duct diameters (0.4056 cm vs. 0.3398 cm, P = 0.0043), and poorer prognosis compared to periampullary cancers, although the TyG-high rate and body mass index were similar.

Conclusion
The TyG index exhibits a complex association with PDAC stages, profoundly shaping glycemic profiles. At the initial stages of PDAC, a notable elevation in TyG-high status and glycemic disturbances is observed. However, in advanced PDAC, while the TyG-high rate diminishes, abnormal glucose levels persist.
Viral metagenomics combined with non-targeted serum metabolomics reveals the role of enteroviruses in a mouse model of coronary heart disease
Authors: Li Xiang , Liu Sihong , Wu Haonan , Li Bing , Li Yingying , Li Ruoqi , Tang Danli , Zhang Huamin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a common cardiovascular disease that is associated with altered gut microbiota. Enteroviruses, an essential component of the gut microbiome, may play an important role in disease progression. However, the relationship between enteroviruses and CHD remains unclear. The development of high-throughput sequencing technologies has facilitated research on the interconnections between viruses and disease-related metabolites.

Methods and results
Mice were fed a high-fat diet (CHD group) or chow diet (Sham group) for 12 weeks, and ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery was performed at the end of week 8. After 4 weeks, all animals were euthanised. Subsequently, the animals were evaluated for basic haemato-biochemical parameters and cardiac function, and aorta staining was performed. Based on enteroviral metagenomics and serum UPLC–MS/MS metabolomics analyses, we evaluated the association between enteroviral groups and serum metabolites of CHD mouse model. A high-fat diet and coronary ligation enabled the establishment of the CHD mouse model. Notably, the enterovirus spectrum of the sham group was significantly different from that of the CHD group, with 24 viral communities of different family and species classification, such as Tsarbombavirus, Mingyongvirus, Claudivirus, and Firehammervirus, exhibiting significant differences. In addition, 731 Differential metabolites were detected in the serum of both groups of mice. Correlation network analysis revealed a close relationship between various metabolites related to lipid metabolism and different viruses, including Tsarbombavirus, Mingyongvirus, Claudivirus, and Firehammervirus.

Conclusions
An animal model of CHD, characterised by lipid disturbance and myocardial ischaemia, was established using a high-fat diet and ligation of the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery. Tsarbombavirus, Firehammervirus, Mingyongvirus, and Claudivirus were associated with metabolites in the lipid metabolism pathway. The results indicate that Tsarbombavirus may be the main genus interacting with CHD-related metabolites in mice. Conclusively, the findings of our study provide novel insights into the potential relationship enterovirus groups and metabolites associated with CHD.
Fracture distribution in electric scooter accidents: a nationwide observational cohort study of 1,874 fractures from the Swedish fracture register
Authors: Hernefalk Björn , Brüggemann Anders , Wolf Olof 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background and purpose
Electric scooters (e-scooters) have become increasingly popular as a mode of transportation in recent years. The impact of e-scooter accidents on the healthcare system and resulting orthopaedic injuries remains largely unknown. This study describes the distribution of fractures caused by e-scooter accidents.

Methods
All patients who had one or more fractures from e-scooter accidents registered in the Swedish Fracture Register (SFR) between 7 April 2019 and 30 December 2022 were included. Fractures were classified using the AO Foundation/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) fracture classification system. We analysed the distribution of fractures, the proportion that required surgical management and seasonal variation of injuries.

Results
During the study period, 1,874 fractures in 1,716 patients were registered in the SFR. The mean age of patients was 29 (SD 14) years and 70% of fractures occurred in males. High-energy accidents accounted for 299 fractures (16%). The most common fractures were of the hand (n = 363, 19%), wrist (n = 352, 19%) and proximal forearm (n = 356, 19%). Wrist fractures were the most common injury in children (n = 183), accounting for 44% of paediatric fractures. Surgical treatment was performed on 556 (30%) fractures, with wrist fractures being the most commonly treated in both adults (n = 78, 17%) and children (n = 36, 36%).

Interpretation
Fractures caused by e-scooter accidents predominantly occur in the upper extremity. E-scooter accidents comprise a new source of injury requiring attention and surgical resources from an already strained healthcare system.
A qualitative study of cultural concepts of distress among Rohingya refugees in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
Authors: Trang Kathy , Hiott Caroline , Rahim A. K. , Rahman Shafiqur , Wuermli Alice J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Rohingya refugees residing in Bangladesh have been exposed to profound trauma in addition to ongoing daily stressors of living in the refugee camps. Accurate assessments of mental health burden and their impact among this population require culturally sensitive tools that remain lacking in this context. The purpose of this study was to characterize salient cultural concepts of distress (CCDs), their causes, consequences, and approaches to treatment, among Rohingya refugees living in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, to help inform future measurement and intervention design.

Methods
Between December 2020 and March 2022, 106 free-listing interviews and 10 key informant interviews were conducted with community members to identify and better understand common CCDs. Rohingya research staff analyzed the interview transcripts by tabulating the frequency of unique CCDs in the free-listing interviews and the unique attributed causes, signs, consequences, and treatment strategies for each CCD in the key informant interviews.

Results
In total, five CCDs were identified: tenshon (tension), bishi sinta (excessive thinking), feshar (pressure), gum zai nofara (unable to sleep), and shoit-shoit lagon (feeling restless and/or trapped). Although the five CCDs had overlapping symptoms, they also had unique presentation, consequences, and preferred strategies for treatment that may impact service-seeking behavior. Three out of the five CCDs were considered life-threatening, if severe and left untreated.

Conclusion
The five CCDs identified are culturally salient ways of experiencing and communicating distress within this community but are not adequately captured in existing mental health assessments for this population. This may negatively impact programmatic efforts among the group.
Mechanical versus manual cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR): an umbrella review of contemporary systematic reviews and more
Authors: El-Menyar Ayman , Naduvilekandy Mashhood , Rizoli Sandro , Di Somma Salvatore , Cander Basar , Galwankar Sagar , Lateef Fatimah , Abdul Rahman Mohamed Alwi , Nanayakkara Prabath , Al-Thani Hassan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
High-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can restore spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and neurological function and save lives. We conducted an umbrella review, including previously published systematic reviews (SRs), that compared mechanical and manual CPR; after that, we performed a new SR of the original studies that were not included after the last published SR to provide a panoramic view of the existing evidence on the effectiveness of CPR methods.

Methods
PubMed, EMBASE, and Medline were searched, including English in-hospital (IHCA) and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) SRs, and comparing mechanical versus manual CPR. A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR-2) and GRADE were used to assess the quality of included SRs/studies. We included both IHCA and OHCA, which compared mechanical and manual CPR. We analyzed at least one of the outcomes of interest, including ROSC, survival to hospital admission, survival to hospital discharge, 30-day survival, and survival to hospital discharge with good neurological function. Furthermore, subgroup analyses were performed for age, gender, initial rhythm, arrest location, and type of CPR devices.

Results
We identified 249 potentially relevant records, of which 238 were excluded. Eleven SRs were analyzed in the Umbrella review (January 2014–March 2022). Furthermore, for a new, additional SR, we identified eight eligible studies (not included in any prior SR) for an in-depth analysis between April 1, 2021, and February 15, 2024. The higher chances of using mechanical CPR for male patients were significantly observed in three studies. Two studies showed that younger patients received more mechanical treatment than older patients. However, studies did not comment on the outcomes based on the patient's gender or age. Most SRs and studies were of low to moderate quality. The pooled findings did not show the superiority of mechanical compared to manual CPR except in a few selected subgroups.

Conclusions
Given the significant heterogeneity and methodological limitations of the included studies and SRs, our findings do not provide definitive evidence to support the superiority of mechanical CPR over manual CPR. However, mechanical CPR can serve better where high-quality manual CPR cannot be performed in selected situations.
A comparison of self-reported chronic disease, health awareness and behaviours in social housing residents: cross-sectional study of communities in Ontario and Quebec
Authors: Agarwal Gina , Pirrie Melissa , Koester Christie , Pete Drashti , Antolovich Julia , Angeles Ricardo , Marzanek Francine , Girard Magali , Kaczorowski Janusz 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
Social housing programs are integral to making housing more affordable to Canadian seniors living in poverty. Although the programs are similar across Canada, there may be inter-provincial differences among the health of residents that could guide the development of interventions. This study explores the health of low-income seniors living in social housing in Quebec and compares it with previously reported data from Ontario.

Results
80 responses were obtained in Quebec to compare with the previously reported Ontario data (n = 599) for a total of 679 responses. More Ontario residents had access to a family doctor (p < 0.001). Quebec residents experienced less problems with self-care (p = 0.017) and less mobility issues (p = 0.052). The visual analog scale for overall health state was similar in both provinces (mean = 67.36 in Ontario and 69.23 in Quebec). Residents in Quebec smoked more cigarettes per day (p = 0.009). More residents in Ontario participated in moderate physical activity (p = 0.09), however, they also spent more time per day on the computer (p = 0.006).