bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial resistance, Virulence profiles of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolated from diarrheal children in Thi-Qar province during 2015
Authors: B.Saleh Manal , K. Hanan Zaman , H. Mezal Ezat 
Published: June 2024

A total of 14 Salmonella enterica serovar (ser.)Typhimurium isolates were isolated from diarrheal children in Thi-Qar province during 2015.these isolates were subjected to testing and analyzed for antibiotic resistance and virulence genes by using PCR all isolates were sensitive to the Amikacin and Gentamycin, while three isolates resistance to chloramphenicol, and nalidixic acid and one isolates was resistance to Ciprofloxacin in addition to four isolates were resistance to Ampicillin. All isolates were positive for invA and sipB genes, eight isolates were positive to sopB gene as and only three isolates were positive to spvB gene. These results suggest that S. Typhimurium from clinical is virulent and able to cause salmonellosis in human and it may contribute to pathogenesis.
The Relationship between Cytokines and Toxoplasma Infection in Heart Disease Patients
Authors: A. Al-Aboody Bassad , S. Abdulhussein Haider , H. Mohammed Ahmed 
Published: June 2024

Toxoplasmosis is the general term for infection and disease in man and animal caused by a parasite called Toxoplasma gondii, this disease is prevalent among different categories of people, Heart disease are one of them. Because of the dormancy status of T. gondii, there is ambiguity and variation in the immunity of patients. This study aimed to investigate the immune status of heart disease patients infected with toxoplasmosis. Two hundred and fifty samples of both heart disease patients and controls had been tested by ELISA technique to detect anti-Toxoplasma Abs (IgG and IgM). The positive samples with toxoplasmosis were tested to detect the level of interleukins (IL-10, IL-12 and IL-17). The result of this study revealed the prevalence of toxoplasmosis among heart disease patient in about (43.33% IgG and 0.66% IgM). The results of interleukins appeared high level of IL-12 (82.85 pg./ml) in heart disease patients infected with toxoplasmosis when compared with control (60.97 pg./ml) with significant difference between them at p≤0.05, while there was no significant difference in IL-10 between patients and controls. The results also showed decreased level of IL-17 in patients with heart disease. The increased level of IL-12 in patient with heart disease infected with toxoplasmosis indicate to the activity of cell mediated immunity in those patients and may be lead to provoke an inflammatory status in the heart valves and muscle then worse heart disease to be sever and need complicated treatments
Effects of Dose Amount for Antiepileptic Drugs on Lipid Profile of Male Rats (Rattus Norvegicus).
Authors: Mohsin Abbas Abbas 
Published: June 2024

The present study aimd to estimate the changes in lipid profile depend on dosage amount of two AEDs ,Phenytoin (PHT) and Carbamazepine (CBZ) , and make a comparison between them in rats. A 30 healthy male Wistar rats (150-200 g) ( subdivide to five groups ) first group was control , the second and third groups received (50 mg\kg and 100 mg\kg) of Phenytoin respectively, fourth and fifth groups received (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) of Carbamazepine respectively. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs) and High-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were measured after 20 days period of treating, Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) was calculated also. Our data revealed that, the administration of PHT (50 mg\kg) and CBZ (25 mg\kg) didn’t affect serum lipid profile significantly compared to control group in male rats except the levels of VLDL in CBZ (25 mg\kg) group which increased significantly (p-value <0.05) compared to control group, on the other hand we found that the administration of double dose (PHT 100 mg\kg and CBZ 50 mg/kg) in group3 and group5 respectively caused a significant increase in TC, TGs, LDL and VLVL in both groups compare to control group. According to our results we conclude that the doubling the dose of CBZ and PHT cause an increase in cholesterol, TGs, LDL and VLDL and switching from CBZ and PHT to another drugs or decrease the dosage could contributes to avoid effects on the lipid metabolism profile of patients with chronic epilepsy
Effects of Metformin and diet on hemoglobin, cholesterol and triglyceride levels of Type 2 diabetic Patients
Authors: Talib Almuswie Rana , Z. Al-Rumaidh Shaymaa , R. Lafta Luma , A.Hafedh Alyaa 
Published: June 2024

Metformin is recommend as the first line oral agent to be used patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus(Type 2 Diabetic).The study was prospectively performed in diabetic and endocrine center of Nassiriyah city .The present study aimed to shed light on metformin and hemoglobin(Hb) and lipid profile in type II diabetic patients with diet and without diet . Our study included 60 patients treated with metformin for Twelve-week . The subjects were divided into three groups. Group I as control, group II patients received Metformin- (1000/2 mg/day) with diet and group III patients received the Metformin-(1000/2 mg/day) without diet all these patient had been selected from those patients visit . The Hb concentration and lipid profile were been examine after 3 months of treatment.In present study we found the hemoglobin concentration reduced in group II with diet patient compare with the group III and control group also reduced in the group III without diet patient compare with control group, as same time This study showed that the treatment with metformine led to, reductions observed in the cholesterol concentrations of the group II diabetic patients with diet compared with the group III administered MET respective without diet diabetic and compared with control, Also we found the triglyceride concentrations of diabetic patients in group administered MET respective with diet were significantly (p<0.05) reduced compared with that of without diet diabetic and control therefore it was considered predisposing factor to reduced damage diabetes. For this reason; continuous taking of metaformin should be important.
БОЙОВЕ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ВИСОКОМОБІЛЬНИХ ДЕСАНТНИХ ВІЙСЬК ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛ УКРАЇНИ (ЗА ВІЙСЬКОВО-ІСТОРИЧНИМ ДОСВІДОМ АНТИТЕРОРИСТИЧНОЇ ОПЕРАЦІЇ 2014–2018 РОКІВ)
Authors: НАШИВОЧНІКОВ Олександр 
Published: June 2024

У сучасних реаліях російської збройної агресії існує нагальна потреба звернутися до бойового досвіду антитерористичної операції на Сході України. Саме події 2014–2018 рр. зумовили суттєві перетворення у Збройних Силах України (далі — ЗС України), докорінно змінивши підходи до застосування видів та окремих родів, зокрема Десантно-штурмових військ. Ці зміни дали змогу зупинити російську навалу в перші роки антитерористичної операції та ефективно протистояти російським окупаційним військам протягом останніх років. Цілком зрозуміло, що основою будь-яких змін є, насамперед, аналіз попереднього досвіду. Тому, на погляд автора, вкрай важливо вивчити досвід російсько-українського конфлікту минулих років для підвищення боєготовності ЗС України сьогодні, під час широкомасштабної агресії з боку російської федерації. У статті проведено комплексний огляд операцій ЗС України у період 2014–2018 рр., у яких брали участь підрозділи Десантно-штурмових військ. Визначення як негативних, так і позитивних чинників, що впливали на ведення бойових дій, дасть змогу уникнути зайвих втрат особового складу і військової техніки, підвищити ефективність застосування підрозділів та зміцнити бойові можливості ЗС України у цілому.
Mapping cognitive function screening instruments for patients with heart failure: A scoping review
Authors: Arseda Astuti , Pahria Tuti , Kurniawan Titis 
Published: June 2024

Background: Patients with heart failure (HF) often experience cognitive impairment, which negatively affects their quality of life. An effective screening tool is essential for nurses and healthcare professionals to assess cognitive function as part of HF management. Although many instruments exist, none are specifically designed for patients with HF.
Objective: This study aimed to map the instruments for screening cognitive function in patients with HF.
Design: A scoping review.
Data Sources: Articles published between 2019 and 2023 were searched in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, with the last search conducted on 27 January 2024.
Review Methods: The review followed the scoping review framework by Arksey and O’Malley and adhered to PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews.
Results: Of the 21 articles meeting inclusion criteria, six cognitive function screening instruments were used across various cognitive domains, effectively identifying cognitive impairment in both inpatient and outpatient HF settings. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was the most frequently used tool, covering a broad range of cognitive domains. MoCA showed high efficacy with a kappa coefficient of 0.82, Cronbach’s alpha reliability of 0.75, sensitivity of 90%, and specificity of 87%.
Conclusion: Instruments like MoCA, Mini-Cog, and TICS-m show promise for assessing cognitive function in patients with HF, each with specific strengths and limitations. MoCA is notable for its comprehensive coverage despite being time-consuming and having language barriers. Further research is needed to revalidate and improve the existing instruments. It is crucial for nurses and healthcare professionals to integrate these tools into regular patient management, highlighting the need for continued research in their application.
Analysis of hot research topics on environmental migration
Authors: Shang Yanguang , Liang Bing , Shi Guoqing , Sun Zhonggen , Hua Yinjie , Ye Taotao , Lu Zhongman 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Global environmental issues have become one of the most prominent risk issues in society, and it is of great theoretical and practical importance to study the intrinsic correlation between environmental change and population migration.Methods: Based on the Web of Science core ensemble database (WOS) and National Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI) sources, CiteSpace visual bibliometric software was used to construct a map of research hotspots in the field of environmental migration. The specific research methods included word frequency analysis, cluster analysis, and burst word detection analysis.Results: The study found that the research hotspots of environmental migration mainly include:migration caused by environmental pollution; migration caused by the construction of environmental protection projects; migration caused by environmental protection activities; migration caused by environmental degradation; migration caused by climate change; migration caused by environmental disasters; and migration caused by environmental improvement activities.Discussion: Our new insights into the relationship between environmental factors and migration include:non-linear relationships, multi-dimensional vulnerability, livelihood diversification, local context and agency, feedback loops and feedback effects. For future research directions on environmental migration, we can start from the following aspects: (1) Multidisciplinary Approaches; (2) Longitudinal Studies; (3) Regional and Localized Studies; (4) Climate Change Projections; (5) Policy Impact Analysis; (6) Migration and Urbanization; (7) Social and Cultural Adaptation; (8) Technological and Data Advancements; (9) Ethical Considerations; (10) Community-Based Research.
Integrated machine learning identifies a cellular senescence-related prognostic model to improve outcomes in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Wei Changqiang , Lin Shanshan , Huang Yanrong , Wei Yiyun , Mao Jingxin , Fan Jiangtao 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundUterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC) stands as one of the prevalent malignancies impacting women globally. Given its heterogeneous nature, personalized therapeutic approaches are increasingly significant for optimizing patient outcomes. This study investigated the prognostic potential of cellular senescence genes(CSGs) in UCEC, utilizing machine learning techniques integrated with large-scale genomic data.MethodsA comprehensive analysis was conducted using transcriptomic and clinical data from 579 endometrial cancer patients sourced from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A subset of 503 CSGs was assessed through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) alongside machine learning algorithms, including Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), support vector machine - recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE), Random Forest, and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), to identify key differentially expressed cellular senescence genes. These genes underwent further analysis to construct a prognostic model.ResultsOur analysis revealed two distinct molecular clusters of UCEC with significant differences in tumor microenvironment and survival outcomes. Utilizing cellular senescence genes, a prognostic model effectively stratified patients into high-risk and low-risk categories. Patients in the high-risk group exhibited compromised overall survival and presented distinct molecular and immune profiles indicative of tumor progression. Crucially, the prognostic model demonstrated robust predictive performance and underwent validation in an independent patient cohort.ConclusionThe study emphasized the significance of cellular senescence genes in UCEC progression and underscored the efficacy of machine learning in developing reliable prognostic models. Our findings suggested that targeting cellular senescence holds promise as a strategy in personalized UCEC treatment, thus warranting further clinical investigation.
Impact of in-utero exposure to HIV and latent TB on infant humoral responses
Authors: Hjelmar Kimberly J. S. , de Armas Lesley R. , Goldberg Evan , Pallikkuth Suresh , Mathad Jyoti , Montepiedra Grace , Gupta Amita , Pahwa Savita 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionLatent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a common coinfection in people living with HIV (PWH). How LTBI and HIV exposure in utero influence the development of infant humoral immunity is not well characterized. To address this question, we assessed the relationship between maternal humoral responses in pregnant women with HIV or with HIV/LTBI on humoral responses in infants to BCG vaccination and TB acquisition.MethodsPlasma samples were obtained from mother infant pairs during pregnancy (14-34 wks gestation) and in infants at 12 and 44 wks of age from the IMPAACT P1078 clinical trial. LTBI was established by Interferon gamma release assay (IGRA). Progression to active TB (ATB) disease was observed in 5 women at various times after giving birth. All infants were BCG vaccinated at birth and tested for IGRA at 44 weeks. Mtb (PPD, ESAT6/CFP10, Ag85A, LAM), HIV (GP120), and Influenza (HA) specific IgG, IgM, and IgA were measured in plasma samples using a bead based Luminex assay with Flexmap 3D.ResultsIn maternal plasma there were no differences in Mtb-specific antibodies or viral antibodies in relation to maternal IGRA status. ATB progressors showed increases in Mtb-specific antibodies at diagnosis compared to study entry. However, when compared to the non-progressors at entry, progressors had higher levels of Ag85A IgG and reduced ESAT6/CFP10 IgG and LAM IgG, IgM, and IgA1. All infants showed a decrease in IgG to viral antigens (HIV GP120 and HA) from 12 to 44 weeks attributed to waning of maternally transferred antibody titers. However, Mtb-specific (PPD, ESAT6/CFP10, Ag85A, and LAM) IgG and IgM increased from 12 to 44 weeks. HIV and HA IgG levels in maternal and 12-week infant plasma were highly correlated, and ESAT6/CFP10 IgG and LAM IgG showed a relationship between maternal and infant Abs. Finally, in the subset of infants that tested IGRA positive at 44 weeks, we observed a trend for lower LAM IgM compared to IGRA- infants at 44 weeks.DiscussionThe results from our study raise the possibility that antibodies to LAM are associated with protection from progression to ATB and support further research into the development of humoral immunity against TB through infection or vaccination.
Automated classification of group B Streptococcus into different clonal complexes using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
Authors: Huang Lianfen , Gao Kankan , Zhong Huamin , Xie Yongqiang , Liang Bingshao , Ji Wenjing , Liu Haiying 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate the performance of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of Flight Mass Spectra (MALDI-TOF MS) for automated classification of GBS (Group B Streptococcus) into five major CCs (clonal complexes) during routine GBS identification.MethodsMALDI-TOF MS of 167 GBS strains belonging to five major CCs (CC10, CC12, CC17, CC19, CC23) were grouped into a reference set (n = 67) and a validation set (n = 100) for the creation and evaluation with GBS CCs subtyping main spectrum (MSP) and MSP-M using MALDI BioTyper and ClinProTools. GBS CCs subtyping MSPs-M was generated by resetting the discriminative peaks of GBS CCs subtyping MSP according to the informative peaks from the optimal classification model of five major CCs and the contribution of each peak to the model created by ClinProTools.ResultsThe PPV for the GBS CCs subtyping MSP-M was greater than the subtyping MSP for CC10 (99.21% vs. 93.65%), but similar for CC12 (79.55% vs. 81.06%), CC17 (93.55% vs. 94.09%), and CC19 (92.59% vs. 95.37%), and lower for CC23 (66.67% vs. 83.33%).ConclusionMALDI-TOF MS could be a promising tool for the automated categorization of GBS into 5 CCs by both CCs subtyping MSP and MSP-M, GBS CCs subtyping MSP-M is preferred for the accurate prediction of CCs with highly discriminative peaks.
Efficacy and safety of Lianhua Qingwen granule combined with azithromycin for mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Li Jiawei , Ma Yuqi , Qi Jiawen , Hao Yule , Wang Yiming , Wu Yeke 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundLianhua Qingwen (LHQW) granule, a botanical drug preparation, is frequently utilized as an adjuvant treatment for mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). Nevertheless, the clinical efficacy and safety of this treatment remain uncertain.PurposeThis study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of LHQW granule combined with azithromycin (AZM) in treating MPP in children.MethodTo identify all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of LHQW granule plus AZM, a search was conducted in eight Chinese and English databases (CNKI, Wan Fang, VIP, Sinomed, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) from their inception until 25 December 2023. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis were employed to investigate heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) were conducted to assess the robustness of the findings. Additionally, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system was utilized to evaluate the quality of evidence.ResultsA total of 15 RCTs involving 1909 participants were included in this study. The meta-analysis results indicated combination therapy of LHQW granule and AZM is significant different from AZM alone in both efficacy and safety, which are specifically observed in the following outcomes: response rate (RR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.22, p &lt; 0.01), antipyretic time (MD = −1.32, 95% CI: −1.66 to −0.98, p &lt; 0.01), cough disappearance time (MD = −1.76, 95% CI: −2.47 to −1.05, p &lt; 0.01), pulmonary rale disappearance time (MD = −1.54, 95% CI: −2.06 to −1.02, p &lt; 0.01), c-reactive protein (CRP) (MD = −5.50, 95% CI: −6.92 to −4.07, p &lt; 0.01), procalcitonin (PCT) (MD = −0.31, 95% CI: −0.38 to −0.24, p &lt; 0.01), interleukin 6 (IL-6) (MD = −5.97, 95% CI: −7.39 to −4.54, p&lt;0.01), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) (MD = −5.74, 95% CI: −7.44 to −4.04, p &lt; 0.01), forced vital capacity (FVC) (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.34 to 0.62, p &lt; 0.01), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) (SMD = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.67, p &lt; 0.01), FEV1/FVC (SMD = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.67, p &lt; 0.01), CD4+ T lymphocyte (CD4+) (MD = 4.04, 95% CI: 3.09 to 4.98, p &lt; 0.01), CD8+ T lymphocyte (CD8+) (MD = −3.32, 95% CI: 4.27 to 2.38, p &lt; 0.01) and adverse events (RR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43 to 0.96, p &lt; 0.01).ConclusionThe combination therapy of LHQW granule and AZM may be a better strategy to treat MPP in children. However, the clinical efficacy and safety of LHQW granule require further validation.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/.
Delabelling beta-lactam allergy
Authors: Molina-Molina Gustavo-Jorge , Garnica Velandia Diana Rocío , Andrés-López Blanca , Perales Carolina , Marin-Asensio Laura , Jurgens Yanina , Esteso Olga , Escobar Carolina , Vidal Xavier , Vendrell Lourdes , Gómez-Ganda Laura , Rodríguez Dolores , Montané Eva , Cardona Victoria , Agustí Antònia 
Published: June 2024

Background: Hypersensitivity to beta-lactam (BL) antibiotics is one of the most frequent reported drug allergies. In our population, it is common to find labels of BL allergy in electronic medical records (EMRs) that have not been assessed. The objective of our study was to detect patients with beta-lactam allergy labels in their EMRs and to assess how many of them are false after a correct diagnostic evaluation.Methods: A multicentre prospective study was performed with patients labelled as allergic to BLs in their EMRs in the previous 5 years. Demographical and clinical data, as well as variables regarding the BL allergy label and the characteristics of the index reaction from clinical history and EMRs, were recorded. Then, diagnostic assessments including clinical history, skin tests (STs), and drug provocation tests (DPTs) were conducted in order to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of BL allergy.Results: A total of 249 patients completed the study, of which 160 (64.3%) were women with a median age of 57 years (interquartile range [IQR], 45–68). The most frequent BL allergy labels detected were for penicillin (124), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (61), and amoxicillin (54). Of the 204 patients who underwent STs, 20.1% were positive. DPTs were performed in 224 patients, showing good tolerance in 87.1% of cases. After the allergy diagnosis work-up, 186 patients (74.7%) were diagnosed as non-allergic to BL antibiotics.Conclusion: In our study population, the number of patients labelled as allergic to BLs in their EMRs was similar to that in previously published studies, with proportions near to 75%–80% being falsely labelled as allergic to BLs.