bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atlas‐guided volumetric diffuse optical tomography enhanced by generalized linear model analysis to image risk decision‐making responses in young adults
Authors: Lin Zi‐Jing , Li Lin , Cazzell Mary , Liu Hanli 
Published: March 2014

AbstractDiffuse optical tomography (DOT) is a variant of functional near infrared spectroscopy and has the capability of mapping or reconstructing three dimensional (3D) hemodynamic changes due to brain activity. Common methods used in DOT image analysis to define brain activation have limitations because the selection of activation period is relatively subjective. General linear model (GLM)‐based analysis can overcome this limitation. In this study, we combine the atlas‐guided 3D DOT image reconstruction with GLM‐based analysis (i.e., voxel‐wise GLM analysis) to investigate the brain activity that is associated with risk decision‐making processes. Risk decision‐making is an important cognitive process and thus is an essential topic in the field of neuroscience. The Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART) is a valid experimental model and has been commonly used to assess human risk‐taking actions and tendencies while facing risks. We have used the BART paradigm with a blocked design to investigate brain activations in the prefrontal and frontal cortical areas during decision‐making from 37 human participants (22 males and 15 females). Voxel‐wise GLM analysis was performed after a human brain atlas template and a depth compensation algorithm were combined to form atlas‐guided DOT images. In this work, we wish to demonstrate the excellence of using voxel‐wise GLM analysis with DOT to image and study cognitive functions in response to risk decision‐making. Results have shown significant hemodynamic changes in the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during the active‐choice mode and a different activation pattern between genders; these findings correlate well with published literature in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and fNIRS studies. Hum Brain Mapp 35:4249–4266, 2014. © 2014 The Authors. Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Factors influencing survival in acinic cell carcinoma: A retrospective survival analysis of 2061 patients
Authors: Biron Vincent L. , Lentsch Eric J. , Gerry Daniel R. , Bewley Arnaud F. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackgroundAcinic cell carcinoma is an uncommon salivary neoplasm with clinical and histologic features known to influence prognosis. The purpose of this study was to further describe variables influencing survival in a large cohort of patients with acinic cell carcinoma.MethodsUsing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry, we obtained demographic, clinicopathologic, and treatment data pertaining to patients diagnosed with acinic cell carcinoma. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were performed to compare survival with various clinical and pathological parameters.ResultsWe identified 2061 patients with acinic cell carcinoma from 1973 to 2009. Sex, staging, grade, subsite, and treatment were significant predictors of disease‐specific survival (DSS). Patients who received surgery alone had the highest 20‐year DSS (92.4%), followed by those treated with surgery and radiation (71.9%) or radiation alone (62.3%).ConclusionOur results suggest that histologic grade is a stronger predictor of survival than TNM classification, survival after surgical resection alone is excellent, and adjuvant radiation may be of limited benefit. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 870–877, 2015
GROWTH, NUTRITIONAL, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STATUS OF YOUNG CHILDREN LIVING IN ORPHANAGES IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Hearst Mary O. , Himes John H. ,   The Spoon Foundation, Johnson Dana E. , Kroupina Maria , Syzdykova Aigul , Aidjanov Musa , Sharmonov T. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTThis article describes the nutritional and developmental status of young children living in Baby Houses (orphanages for children ages 0–3 years) in Kazakhstan. In 2009/2010, 308 children under age 3 years living in 10 Baby Houses were measured for height/length and weight. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development (N. Bayley, 2006) were used to assess mental and motor development. Blood was collected on a subsample to assess key nutritional factors. The World Health Organization growth charts were used to calculate Z‐scores. Cut points for wasting (moderate to severe low weight for length/height growth), underweight (low weight for age), stunting (low length/height for age), development, and biomarkers used established guidelines. Most (n= 286) children had complete data on z‐scores. Of these, 22.1% were experiencing wasting, 31.5% were underweight, and 36.7% had stunting. The nutritional status of the children, based on blood biomarkers, revealed that 37.1% of the children were anemic, 21.4% had low albumin, 38.1% had low vitamin D, 5.5% were iodine‐deficient, and 2% had low serum zinc. One half had mild to significant mental and motor delays. Children living at these Baby Houses in Kazakhstan have substantial nutritional deficits and developmental delays. Focused attention is needed to provide a nutritionally enhanced diet and improved developmental opportunities to improve the long‐term outcomes for these children.
Different‐frequency ultrasonic effects on properties and structure of corn starch
Authors: Hu Aijun , Li Li , Zheng Jie , Lu Jing , Meng Xin , Liu Yan , Rehman Rizwan‐ur‐ 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDUltrasound is widely used to accelerate many reactions and unit operations, but few studies have reported its effects on starch properties and structure.RESULTSCorn starch suspended in ethanol solution was treated by dual‐frequency ultrasound (DFU) and single‐frequency ultrasound (SFU). Results showed that the transparency of the starch treated under 20 + 25 kHz DFU improved by 26.94% and 31.70%, respectively, compared to 20 kHz and 25 kHz SFU. Hardness, brittleness, elasticity, adhesiveness, conglutination degree, chewiness and recoverability of starch was reduced after ultrasonic treatment, and with increasing ultrasonic frequency these properties decreased. Its enthalpy value also decreased with ultrasound. Compared with each SFU treatment, enthalpy value decreased by 1.41% and 0.82%, respectively, by DFU. The freeze–thaw stability of starch was also weakened by ultrasound, which was obviously changed by DFU. Under ultrasound, the crystal structure of starch was not damaged, characteristic diffraction peak intensity was significantly reduced and diffuse diffraction features increased, exhibiting a decline in crystal lattice ordering degree. In comparison to SFU, DFU caused a pronounced reduction in starch crystallinity.CONCLUSIONAfter ultrasonic treatment, the transparency of corn starch paste improved, but its hardness, brittleness, elasticity, adhesiveness, conglutination degree, chewiness and recoverability decreased, as well as starch crystallinity and enthalpy values. DFU was found to be more effective than SFU. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Systematic lymph node dissection in lung metastasectomy of renal cell carcinoma: An 18 years of experience
Authors: Renaud S. , Falcoz P.E. , Alifano M. , Olland A. , Magdeleinat P. , Pagès O. , Regnard J.F. , Massard G. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTBackgroundPulmonary metastasectomy of renal cell carcinomas (RCC) remains controversial. Thoracic lymph node involvement (LNI) is a known prognostic factor. The aim of our analysis is to evaluate whether patients with LNI, and particularly N2 patients, should be excluded from surgical treatment.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed data from 122 patients who underwent operations at two French thoracic surgery departments between 1993 and 2011 for RCC lung metastases.ResultsThe population consisted of 38 women and 84 men; the average age at time of metastasectomy was 63.3 years (min: 43, max: 82). LNI was identified as a prognostic factor using univariate and multivariate analysis (median survival: 107 months vs. 37 months, P = 0.003; HR = 0.384 (0.179; 0.825), P = 0.01, respectively). Although differences in survival between metastases at the hilar and mediastinal locations were not significant (median survival: 74 months vs. 32 months, respectively, P = 0.75), length of survival time was associated with disease‐free interval less than 12 months (median survival: 23 months vs. 94 months, P < 0.0001; HR = 3.081 (1.193; 7.957), P = 0.02).ConclusionAlthough LNI has an adverse effect on survival; long‐term survival can be achieved in pN+ patients. Consequently, these patients should not be excluded from surgery. Systematic lymphadenectomy should be performed to obtain more accurate staging and to determine appropriate adjuvant treatment. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:823–829. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Patterns of recurrence following complete cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Braam Hidde J. , van Oudheusden Thijs R. , de Hingh Ignace H.J.T. , Nienhuijs Simon W. , Boerma Djamila , Wiezer Marinus J. , van Ramshorst Bert 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackground and Objectives CytoReductive Surgery (CRS) combined with Hyperthermic IntraPEritoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) has an established role in the treatment of peritoneally metastasized colorectal cancer. The aim of the study was to describe the recurrence patterns and to evaluate treatment options and related survival.Methods Patients treated with CRS + HIPEC in two tertiary referral centers between April 2005 and March 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. The prognostic value of several parameters was calculated using Cox Regression.Results One hundred thirty two of 287 patients (46%) with peritoneal carcinomatosis treated with complete CRS and HIPEC were diagnosed with recurrent disease, after a median disease‐free interval of 11.4 months. Recurrence were locoregional (43%), distant metastases (26%) or both (31%). Thirty‐two of the 132 patients with recurrences (24%) were treated surgically with curative intent, which extended the median survival from 12 months to 43 months, compared to palliative treatment (best supportive care or chemotherapy; P < 0.001). Initial nodal status (P = 0.01) and the number of affected regions at initial CRS (P = 0.02) were significantly correlated to survival after disease recurrence.Conclusion Disease recurrence after CRS and HIPEC is common; in selected patients, an aggressive surgical approach may be beneficial and extend survival. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:841–847. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
What's Occurring? Barry sinceGavin & Stacey
Authors: Skinner Heather 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis paper presents the analysis of internet content relating to the UK family seaside resort of Barry that has been the key location setting of a popular television comedy series, which appears to be contributing positively to changing the town's destination image. While offering insights into the regeneration of UK seaside towns in particular through diversification into the creative and cultural industries, this study offers clues to the way destinations in general may draw together fragmented antenarratives from popular media representations, social media and the internet, and incorporate these when planning campaigns to affect the induced destination image. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The potential of the application of biodegradable and non‐toxic base oils for the formulation of gear oils — model and component scuffing tests
Authors: Tuszynski Waldemar , Szczerek Marian , Michalczewski Remigiusz , Osuch‐Slomka Edyta , Rogos Elzbieta , Urbanski Andrzej 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTWhite and natural base oils are assessed as candidates for the formulation of ecological gear oils. They are compared to ‘classical’ mineral and polyalphaolefins‐based oils in scuffing four‐ball and gear tests. Four fully formulated gear oils were prepared by blending each base oil with the package of extreme pressure (EP) additives, an anti‐foam additive and an anti‐oxidant. It is shown that the resistance to scuffing of the white oil is comparable to the classical oils, but the natural (rapeseed) oil reduces resistance to scuffing, because the used EP additives may not be suited to the rapeseed ‘matrix’ producing adverse effects. Thus, rapeseed‐based gear oils can be used only for the lubrication of gears working under moderate load conditions. It is also indicated that, when comparing the mechanisms of tribochemical action of the EP additives in the four‐ball tribosystem and meshing teeth, care should be taken, because the conditions in the contact zones are different. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of diffusion tensor imaging for nonsurgical treatments of carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Yildirim Adem , Bulut Haci Taner , Ekmekci Burcu , Surucu Gülseren Dost , Karabiber Mehmet 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTIntroduction: This study evaluated the applicability of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of therapeutic ultrasound (US) and wrist splints in addition to clinical and electrophysiological assessments of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Methods: This prospective study analyzed 41 patients (30 women, 11 men; 56 wrists) with CTS. Therapeutic US and wrist splints were performed for 3 and 4 weeks, respectively. Fractional anisotropy and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were evaluated in addition to a visual analog scale (VAS), symptom severity scale (SSS), functional status scale (FSS), and electrodiagnostic studies (EDX) before and after treatment. Results: There were significant decreases in the mean ADC, VAS, SSS, FSS, and EDX after treatment. Conclusions: This study suggests that DTI parameters provide helpful information that complements clinical and electrophysiological assessments for evaluating the efficacy of nonsurgical treatment of patients with CTS. Muscle Nerve 50: 950–955, 2014
Human adipocyte function is impacted by mechanical cues
Authors: Pellegrinelli V , Heuvingh J , du Roure O , Rouault C , Devulder A , Klein C , Lacasa M , Clément E , Lacasa D , Clément K 
Published: March 2014

AbstractFibrosis is a hallmark of human white adipose tissue (WAT) during obesity‐induced chronic inflammation. The functional impact of increased interstitial fibrosis (peri‐adipocyte fibrosis) on adjacent adipocytes remains unknown. Here we developed a novel in vitro 3D culture system in which human adipocytes and decellularized material of adipose tissue (dMAT) from obese subjects are embedded in a peptide hydrogel. When cultured with dMAT, adipocytes showed decreased lipolysis and adipokine secretion and increased expression/production of cytokines (IL‐6, G‐CSF) and fibrotic mediators (LOXL2 and the matricellular proteins THSB2 and CTGF). Moreover, some alterations including lipolytic activity and fibro‐inflammation also occurred when the adipocyte/hydrogel culture was mechanically compressed. Notably, CTGF expression levels correlated with the amount of peri‐adipocyte fibrosis in WAT from obese individuals. Moreover, dMAT‐dependent CTGF promoter activity, which depends on β1‐integrin/cytoskeleton pathways, was enhanced in the presence of YAP, a mechanosensitive co‐activator of TEAD transcription factors. Mutation of TEAD binding sites abolished the dMAT‐induced promoter activity. In conclusion, fibrosis may negatively affect human adipocyte function via mechanosensitive molecules, in part stimulated by cell deformation. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Neuroblastoma with symptomatic epidural compression in the infant: The AIEOP experience
Authors: De Bernardi Bruno , Quaglietta Lucia , Haupt Riccardo , Castellano Aurora , Tirtei Elisa , Luksch Roberto , Mastrangelo Stefano , Viscardi Elisabetta , Indolfi Paolo , Cellini Monica , Tamburini Angela , Erminio Giovanni , Gandolfo Carlo , Sorrentino Stefania , Vetrella Simona , Gigliotti Anna Rita 
Published: March 2014

BackgroundSymptoms of epidural compression (SEC) in children with neuroblastoma (particularly infants) may be misinterpreted, leading to delay in diagnosis.Patients and MethodsClinical, imaging and follow‐up data of 34 infants with neuroblastoma and SEC diagnosed between 2000 and 2011 at Italian AIEOP centers were retrieved and reviewed.ResultsMedian age at initial SEC was 104 days (IQR 47–234). Main symptoms included motor deficit (85.3%), pain (38.2%), bladder and bowel dysfunctions (20.6% each). In the symptom‐diagnosis interval (S‐DI) (median, 12 days; IQR 7–34), the frequency of grade 3 motor deficit increased from 11.8% to 44.1% and that of bladder dysfunction from 20.6% to 32.4%. S‐DI was significantly longer (P = 0.011) for patients developing grade 3 motor deficit. First treatment of SEC was neurosurgery in 14 patients, and chemotherapy in 20. SEC regressed in 11 patients (32.3%), improved in 9 (26.5%), and remained stable in 14 (41.2%), without treatment‐related differences. Median follow‐up was 82 months. At last visit, 11 patients (32.3%) were sequelae‐free while 23 (67.7%) had sequelae, including motor deficit (55.9%), bladder (50.0%) and bowel dysfunctions (28.4%), and spinal abnormalities (38.2%). Sequelae were rated severe in 50% of patients. Severe sequelae scores were more frequent in patients presenting with spinal canal invasion >66% (P = 0.039) and grade 3 motor deficit (P = 0.084).ConclusionsBoth neurosurgery and chemotherapy provide unsatisfactory results once paraplegia has been established. Sequelae developed in the majority of study patients and were severe in a half of them. Greater awareness by parents and physicians regarding SEC is warranted. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014; 61:1369–1375. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Trends in the outpatient treatment of atrial fibrillation in the USA from 2001 to 2010
Authors: Desai Amarsinh M. , Cavanaugh Teresa M. , Desai Vibha C. A. , Heaton Pamela C. , Kelton Christina M. L. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTPurposeSeveral clinical trials have shown that rhythm‐control drugs have serious adverse events and no survival advantage over rate‐control drugs in patients with atrial fibrillation. The objectives were to determine and explain the recent trends in outpatient prescribing of both drug classes.MethodsData were obtained over 10 years from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Visits by patients with atrial fibrillation were identified by ICD‐9 diagnosis code 427.31. Trend lines were estimated for drug prescribing and comorbidities. A multinomial logistic model was estimated to predict treatment on the basis of visit characteristics.ResultsThe percentage of visits mentioning only a rate‐control medication trended upward (p = 0.07) from 41.9% in 2001 to 47.3% in 2010; the percentage mentioning both rhythm‐control and rate‐control drugs also had an upward trend (p < 0.05) from 3.1% to 12.5%; finally, the percentage mentioning rhythm‐control drugs alone remained steady (p = 0.37). Consistent with the increase (p = 0.10) in the percentage of visits mentioning hypertension, there was a statistically significant (p < 0.01) rise in the prescribing of β‐blockers from 20.5% to 43.4%. The odds that a patient aged 65 years or younger was prescribed a rhythm‐control medication were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than those for a patient older than 65 years. The estimated odds that a diabetic patient was prescribed both rhythm‐control and rate‐control medications was only 0.269 (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study documents change in the outpatient treatment of atrial fibrillation in the USA from 2001–2010. In clinical practice, there has been a growing reliance on rate‐control medications. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A randomized pilot study comparing heated humidified high‐flow nasal cannulae with NIPPV for RDS
Authors: Kugelman Amir , Riskin Arieh , Said Waseem , Shoris Irit , Mor Frida , Bader David 
Published: March 2014

SummaryObjectiveTo compare the requirement for endotracheal ventilation in preterm infants treated with heated, humidified high‐flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC) with those treated with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) for the primary treatment of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).Study DesignRandomized, controlled, prospective, single‐center pilot study. Infants (gestational age [GA] <35 weeks, birth weight [BW] >1,000 g) with RDS were randomly assigned to receive HHHFNC (38 infants) delivered by Vapotherm® device (Precision Flow™ or 2000i, Vapotherm Inc., Stevensville, MD), at flows between 1.0 and 5.0 L/min, or NIPPV (38 infants) delivered by the SLE 2000 or 5000. Surfactant was administered as rescue therapy. Analysis was done by intention‐to‐treat.ResultsInfant's characteristics ([mean ± SD] GA 31.8 ± 2.3 vs. 32.0 ± 2.3 weeks) and cardio‐respiratory status at study entry (FiO2 0.25 ± 0.05 vs. 0.26 ± 0.07; SpO2 90 ± 6% vs. 87 ± 12; PCO2 54.4 ± 10.4 vs. 52.6 ± 8.0 mmHg) were comparable for the HHHFNC and NIPPV groups. There was no significant difference in the need for endotracheal ventilation (28.9% vs. 34.2%) between HHHFNC and NIPPV groups. One infant failed HHHFNC and succeeded on NIPPV. The rate of neonatal morbidities (pneumothorax, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intra‐ventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, patent ductus arteriosus, and nasal trauma) was comparable in both groups. Duration of nasal support was longer with HHHFNC compared with NIPPV (5.4 ± 4.0 vs. 2.6 ± 1.9 days, P = 0.006) but the duration of endotracheal ventilation, time to full feeds, and length of stay were comparable.ConclusionsOur pilot study suggests that HHHFNC maybe as effective as NIPPV in preventing endotracheal ventilation in the primary treatment of RDS in premature infants (<35 weeks GA and BW >1,000 g). Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015; 50:576–583. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Efficacy of the Star Excursion Balance Test in Detecting Reach Deficits in Subjects with Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Ganesh G. Shankar , Chhabra Deepak , Mrityunjay K. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractStudy DesignThe study design is a case control study.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to evaluate how chronic low back pain (CLBP) affects the performance of Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT).BackgroundChronic low back pain is associated with paraspinal and other trunk muscle weakness and reduction in coordination of low back muscles. This reduction in muscular strength and coordination contributes to decreased postural stability, balance and neuromuscular control in subjects with CLBP. SEBT is a simple, reliable and valid method of dynamic performance and is an alternative to more sophisticated instrumented methods. However, no study has evaluated the effect of SEBT on CLBP patients.Methods and MeasuresTen patients with CLBP (localized back pain, lasting more than 6 months and radiating no further than the buttock with normal neurological examination) and 10 normal age and sex matched subjects (mean age 34.30 + 8.67(range 22–50) participated in this study. All participants completed the SEBT on their dominant leg, and distance measures were collected and compared between groups.ResultsThe dependant variable was analysed using independent t‐test with p < 0.05. The CLBP group demonstrated significant reductions in excursion distances for all directions of the SEBT compared with the control group, except for the posterior (P) direction (0.281)ConclusionStar Excursion Balance Test is an effective and simple tool to identify and measure reach deficits in patients with CLBP. We recommend using SEBT as an outcome measure to identify dynamic balance, multi‐planar excursion and postural control in patients with CLBP. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.