bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« Grand Paris Express » : un projet au service de la réduction des inégalités d'accessibilité entre l'Ouest et l'Est de la région urbaine de Paris ?
Authors: Beaucire Francis , Drevelle Matthieu 
Published: January 2014

Le projet de métro automatique circulaire dans la couronne de l’agglomération parisienne, appelé « Grand Paris Express » (GPE), augmente de façon considérable l’accessibilité interne de la région en créant de nouveaux points de desserte et un maillage avec la majorité des lignes radiales. Actuellement, l’accessibilité aux emplois est inférieure de 36 % dans la proche banlieue Est par rapport à la proche banlieue Ouest. La réalisation du GPE réduit considérablement les écarts d’accessibilité entre Est et Ouest, et plus généralement entre communes de petite couronne. Cependant, dans l’hypothèse où l’arc du proche Est (longtemps laissé en suspens) ne serait pas réalisé, les écarts d’accessibilité deviendraient considérables.
Conclusion. La gouvernance du Grand Paris au service de sa compétitivité
Authors: Vallerugo Franck 
Published: January 2014

La compétitivité des territoires est une notion économiquement légitime qui connait un terrain d’application renouvelé dans le cadre du projet du Grand Paris. Des caractères « géographique » et « inclusif » de cette compétitivité sont mis en évidence à partir de l’analyse de l’offre de transport que constitue le Grand Paris Express, mais aussi du rôle de la gouvernance urbaine ; celle-ci est définie à partir de ses déterminants structurels et relationnels selon lesquels elle fait intervenir des acteurs non nécessairement institutionnels et induit un partage flou des responsabilités entre ces acteurs interdépendants et nécessairement respectueux de l’exercice d’une autorité régulatrice. La construction d’un dispositif de gouvernance assurant aux entreprises la liberté d’exprimer pleinement leur responsabilité territoriale pourrait alors permettre de nourrir les deux impératifs de compétitivité « géographique » et « inclusive » recherchés par le projet du Grand Paris.
NK Cells Are Required for Dendritic Cell–Based Immunotherapy at the Time of Tumor Challenge
Authors: Bouwer Anthea L. , Saunderson Sarah C. , Caldwell Felicity J. , Damani Tanvi T. , Pelham Simon J. , Dunn Amy C. , Jack Ralph W. , Stoitzner Patrizia , McLellan Alexander D. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that NK cells act to promote effective T cell–based antitumor responses. Using the B16-OVA melanoma model and an optimized Gram-positive bacteria–dendritic cell (DC) vaccination strategy, we determined that in vivo depletion of NK cells at time of tumor challenge abolished the benefit of DC immunotherapy. The contribution of NK cells to DC immunotherapy was dependent on tumor Ag presentation by DC, suggesting that NK cells act as helper cells to prime or reactivate tumor-specific T cells. The absence of NK cells at tumor challenge resulted in greater attenuation of tumor immunity than observed with selective depletion of either CD4 or CD8 T cell subsets. Although successful DC immunotherapy required IFN-γ, perforin expression was dispensable. Closer examination of the role of NK cells as helper cells in enhancing antitumor responses will reveal new strategies for clinical interventions using DC-based immunotherapy.
The Transcriptional Repressor BLIMP1 Curbs Host Defenses by Suppressing Expression of the Chemokine CCL8
Authors: Severa Martina , Islam Sabina A. , Waggoner Stephen N. , Jiang Zhaozhao , Kim Nancy D. , Ryan Glennice , Kurt-Jones Evelyn , Charo Israel , Caffrey Daniel R. , Boyartchuk Victor L. , Luster Andrew D. , Fitzgerald Katherine A. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe transcriptional repressor B lymphocyte–induced maturation protein 1 (BLIMP1) is a master regulator of B and T cell differentiation. To examine the role of BLIMP1 in innate immunity, we used a conditional knockout (CKO) of Blimp1 in myeloid cells and found that Blimp1 CKO mice were protected from lethal infection induced by Listeria monocytogenes. Transcriptome analysis of Blimp1 CKO macrophages identified the murine chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 8, CCL8, as a direct target of Blimp1-mediated transcriptional repression in these cells. BLIMP1-deficient macrophages expressed elevated levels of Ccl8, and consequently Blimp1 CKO mice had higher levels of circulating CCL8, resulting in increased neutrophils in the peripheral blood, promoting a more aggressive antibacterial response. Mice lacking the Ccl8 gene were more susceptible to L. monocytogenes infection than were wild-type mice. Although CCL8 failed to recruit neutrophils directly, it was chemotactic for γ/δ T cells, and CCL8-responsive γ/δ T cells were enriched for IL-17F. Finally, CCL8-mediated enhanced clearance of L. monocytogenes was dependent on γ/δ T cells. Collectively, these data reveal an important role for BLIMP1 in modulating host defenses by suppressing expression of the chemokine CCL8.
Upregulation of GRAIL Is Associated with Impaired CD4 T Cell Proliferation in Sepsis
Authors: Aziz Monowar , Yang Weng-Lang , Matsuo Shingo , Sharma Archna , Zhou Mian , Wang Ping 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The loss of numbers and functionality of CD4 T cells is observed in sepsis; however, the mechanism remains elusive. Gene related to anergy in lymphocytes (GRAIL) is critical for the impairment of CD4 T cell proliferation. We therefore sought to examine the role of GRAIL in CD4 T cell proliferation during sepsis. Sepsis was induced in 10-wk-old male C57BL/6 mice by cecal ligation and puncture. Splenocytes were isolated and subjected to flow cytometry to determine CD4 T cell contents. CD4 T cell proliferation was assessed by CFSE staining, and the expression of GRAIL in splenocytes was measured by immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, and flow cytometry. The expressions of IL-2 and early growth response-2 were determined by real-time PCR. As compared with shams, the numbers of CD4 T cells were significantly reduced in spleens. Septic CD4 T cells were less efficient in proliferation than shams. The IL-2 expression was significantly reduced, whereas the GRAIL expression was significantly increased in septic mice splenocytes as compared with shams. The small interfering RNA–mediated knockdown of GRAIL expression re-established the CD4 T cell proliferation ability ex vivo. Similarly, the treatment with recombinant murine IL-2 to the septic CD4 T cells restored their proliferation ability by downregulating GRAIL expression. Our findings reveal a novel association of the increased GRAIL expression with impaired CD4 T cell proliferation, implicating an emerging therapeutic tool in sepsis.
Smad and NFAT Pathways Cooperate To Induce CD103 Expression in Human CD8 T Lymphocytes
Authors: Mokrani M’Barka , Klibi Jihène , Bluteau Dominique , Bismuth Georges , Mami-Chouaib Fathia 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The interaction of integrin αE(CD103)β7, often expressed on tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes, with its cognate ligand, the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin on tumor cells, plays a major role in antitumor CTL responses. CD103 is induced on CD8 T cells upon TCR engagement and exposure to TGF-β1, abundant within the tumor microenvironment. However, the transcriptional mechanisms underlying the cooperative role of these two signaling pathways in inducing CD103 expression in CD8 T lymphocytes remain unknown. Using a human CTL system model based on a CD8+/CD103− T cell clone specific of a lung tumor–associated Ag, we demonstrated that the transcription factors Smad2/3 and NFAT-1 are two critical regulators of this process. We also identified promoter and enhancer elements of the human ITGAE gene, encoding CD103, involved in its induction by these transcriptional regulators. Overall, our results explain how TGF-β1 can participate in CD103 expression on locally TCR-engaged Ag-specific CD8 T cells, thus contributing to antitumor CTL responses and cancer cell destruction.
Leukotriene B4 Enhances the Generation of Proinflammatory MicroRNAs To Promote MyD88-Dependent Macrophage Activation
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Filgueiras Luciano Ribeiro , Wang Soujuan , Serezani Ana Paula Moreira , Peters-Golden Marc , Jancar Sonia , Serezani C. Henrique 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
MicroRNAs are known to control TLR activation in phagocytes. We have shown that leukotriene (LT) B4 (LTB4) positively regulates macrophage MyD88 expression by decreasing suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) mRNA stability. In this study, we investigated the possibility that LTB4 control of MyD88 expression involves the generation of microRNAs. Our data show that LTB4, via its receptor B leukotriene receptor 1 (BLT1) and Gαi signaling, increased macrophage expression of inflammatory microRNAs, including miR-155, miR-146b, and miR-125b. LTB4-mediated miR-155 generation was attributable to activating protein-1 activation. Furthermore, macrophage transfection with antagomirs against miR-155 and miR-146b prevented both the LTB4-mediated decrease in SOCS-1 and increase in MyD88. Transfection with miR-155 and miR-146b mimics decreased SOCS-1 levels, increased MyD88 expression, and restored TLR4 responsiveness in both wild type and LT-deficient macrophages. To our knowledge, our data unveil a heretofore unrecognized role for the GPCR BLT1 in controlling expression of microRNAs that regulate MyD88-dependent activation of macrophages.
On the Dispersive Estimate for the Dirichlet Schrödinger Propagator and Applications to Energy Critical NLS
Authors: Li Dong , Xu Guixiang , Zhang Xiaoyi 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWe consider the obstacle problem for the Schrödinger evolution in the exterior of the unit
ball with Dirichlet boundary condition. Under radial symmetry we compute explicitly the fundamental solution for the linear Dirichlet Schrödinger propagator and give a robust algorithm to prove sharp L1 → L∞ dispersive estimates. We showcase the analysis in dimensions n = 5, 7. As an application, we obtain global well–posedness and scattering for defocusing energy-critical NLS on with Dirichlet boundary condition and radial data in these dimensions.
Geometric Spectra and Commensurability
Authors: McReynolds D. B. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe work of Reid, Chinburg–Hamilton–Long–Reid, Prasad–Rapinchuk, and the author
with Reid have demonstrated that geodesics or totally geodesic submanifolds can sometimes be used to determine the commensurability class of an arithmetic manifold. The main results of this article show that generalizations of these results to other arithmetic manifolds will require a wide range of data. Specifically, we prove that certain incommensurable arithmetic manifolds arising from the semisimple Lie groups of the form
(SL(d, R)) r(SL(d, C))s have the same commensurability classes of totally geodesic submanifolds coming from a fixed field. This construction is algebraic and shows the failure of determining, in general, a central simple algebra from subalgebras over a fixed field. This, in turn, can be viewed in terms of forms of SLd and the failure of determining the form via certain classes of algebraic subgroups.
Fourier Coefficients of Vector-valued Modular Forms of Dimension 2
Authors: Franc Cameron , Mason Geoffrey 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWe prove the following theorem. Suppose that F = ( f1, f2) is a 2-dimensional, vectorvalued modular form on SL2(ℤ) whose component functions f1, f2 have rational Fourier coefficients with bounded denominators. Then f1, f2 are classical modular forms on a congruence subgroup of the modular group.
On Mutually m-permutable Products of Smooth Groups
Authors: Elkholy A. M. , Abd El-Latif M. H. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractLet G be a finite group and H, K two subgroups of G. A group G is said to be a mutually m-permutable product of H and K if G = HK and every maximal subgroup of H permutes with K and every maximal subgroup of K permutes with H. In this paper, we investigate the structure of a finite group that is a mutually m-permutable product of two subgroups under the assumption that its maximal subgroups are totally smooth.
Excimer Laser Mushroom Penetrating Keratoplasty: New Technique
Authors: Della Valle Vincenzo , Bonci Paolo 
Published: January 2014

Purpose: To evaluate retrospectively the outcomes of 15 consecutive mushroom-shaped penetrating keratoplasties performed by using excimer laser for both the recipient bed and the fresh donor corneas. Methods: Fifteen eyes of 14 patients who underwent excimer laser mushroom-shaped penetrating keratoplasty from October 13, 2010, to October 14, 2011, were included in our retrospective study. Eight were men and 6 were women, with a mean age of 31.45 ± 6.52 (range 27-65) years. Eleven (73.3%) had postinfective central deep corneal scar; 4 (26.7%) had severe keratoconus with Descemet opacity. Results: The mean follow-up was 11.9 ± 2.7 months. The mean preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.15 ± 0.16; the postoperative BCVA was 0.69 ± 0.24 after 12 months with a mean refractive astigmatism of 1.8 ± 1.1 D. The mean preoperative endothelial cell count of the donor corneas was 2297.0 ± 189.7 cells/mm2; after 12 months, it was 1906.5 ± 165.8 with a decrease of 17.0%. No intraoperative complications occurred. Conclusions: Our results showed that excimer laser mushroom penetrating keratoplasty is safe. Furthermore, it does not appear to influence the visual outcomes of the penetrating keratoplasty surgery. This technique is useful for those who use an excimer laser.
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in Patients with AIDS before and after Introduction of HAART in China
Authors: Sun Hui Yu , Peng Xiao Yan , Li Dan , Mao Fei Fei , You Qi Sheng , Jonas Jost B. 
Published: January 2014

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) and other fundus lesions in subjects with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) before and after the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in China. Methods: The retrospective study included subjects with AIDS who consecutively attended a third referral center in Beijing before and after HAART was introduced. Comprehensive systemic and ophthalmic examinations, including CD4+ T-cell count, ophthalmoscopy, and fundus photography, were carried out. Results: A total of 173 HIV-infected, HAART-naive individuals and 267 people undergoing HAART were included in the study. The HAART-naive group as compared with the HAART group was significantly older (39.5 ± 11.5 years versus 36.7 ± 11.2 years; p = 0.02) and included significantly more men (p = 0.045). Prevalence of CMVR, microvascular retinopathy, and optic neuropathy in the HAART group (9.0 ± 1.8%, 7.9 ± 1.7%, and 4.9 ± 1.3%, respectively) were significantly (all p≤0.001) lower than in the HAART-naive group (20.2 ± 3.1%, 31.2 ± 3.5%, and 13.9 ± 2.6%, respectively). Microvascular retinopathy was significantly associated with HAART-naive status (p<0.001; odds ratio [OR] 0.20; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.12, 0.36) and higher age (p = 0.002; OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.10, 1.06). Cytomegalovirus retinitis was significantly associated with CD4+ cell count <50 cells/μL (p = 0.001; OR 5.50; 95% CI 1.95, 15.5), HAART-naive status (p = 0.02; OR 0.23; 95% CI 0.07, 0.79), and lower best-corrected visual acuity (p<0.001; OR 5.44; 95% CI 2.11, 14.0). Conclusions: As in Western countries, prevalence of CMVR and microvascular retinopathy in Chinese subjects with AIDS were significantly associated with a low CD4+ cell count and a HAART-naive status as the 2 major risk factors.
The Effect of an Artificial Tear Combining Hyaluronic Acid and Tamarind Seeds Polysaccharide in Patients with Moderate Dry Eye Syndrome: A New Treatment for Dry Eye
Authors: Barabino Stefano , Rolando Maurizio , Nardi Marco , Bonini Stefano , Aragona Pasquale , Traverso Carlo Enrico 
Published: January 2014

Purpose: Synergistic interactions between hyaluronic acid (HA) and tamarind seed polysaccharide (TS-polysaccharide) have been demonstrated by means of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This study was designed to investigate the potential clinical benefit of a combination of HA and TS-polysaccharide in managing dry eye disease (DED). Methods: A total of 49 subjects with moderate DED, confirmed by Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire score between 10 and 25, tear break-up time (BUT) <10 seconds, or Schirmer I test <5.5 mm after 5 minutes, and lissamine green staining of the ocular surface >2 according to National Eye Institute score system, were enrolled into this multicenter, randomized, double-masked study to receive either combination of HA and TS-polysaccharide or carmellose sodium for 3 months, both instilled 4 times per day. The assessments included OSDI questionnaire, tear film stability (BUT), tear production (Schirmer I test), and corneal and conjunctival staining. Results: Patients treated with HA and TS-polysaccharide showed a statistically significant improvement in the OSDI score at the end of the study compared to the baseline and control groups. The HA and TS-polysaccharide and carmellose sodium were equally effective in reducing BUT and the extent of injury assessed by corneal and conjunctival staining. Non-significant changes were recorded for Schirmer I test. Conclusions: Based on the results of this clinical trial, the combination of HA and TS-polysaccharide appears to be effective in improving the symptoms of dry eye, opening new scenarios in possible treatment of the disease by combining different molecules.
Imaging in Retina Units: Changes Observed during the Last 12 Years
Authors: Cohen Salomon Y. , Weber Michel , Oubraham Hassiba , Gaudric Alain , Quentel Gabriel , Tadayoni Ramin 
Published: January 2014

Purpose: The last decade has seen many improvements in the imaging of the choroids, retina, and vitreous. However, there are no available data about changes in the practice of imaging in retina units. The present study was therefore undertaken to document the 12-year changes in this practice in retina units in France, particularly the relative changes in the distribution of the different imaging methods. Methods: This retrospective study was performed in 4 different retina units considered to be representative of retina units in France. They comprise 2 departments of ophthalmology in university-based hospitals in Paris and Nantes, one in a non-university-based general hospital in Orleans, and one private tertiary care clinical center located in Paris. The annual numbers for the different retinal imaging methods performed in the 4 units between 2000 and 2011 were recorded, analyzed, and compared. Results: The total of images performed increased during the last decade, from 16,084 in 2000 to 76,318 in 2011. The distribution of the imaging techniques performed each year changed significantly during this period (p<0.0001, χ2 test): the share of fluorescein angiography decreased from 78.7% in 2000 to 7.0% in 2011. During this period, the share of indocyanine green angiography also dropped from 11.3% to 1.3%. The share of optical coherence tomography increased from 26.4% in 2003 to 53.4% in 2012. Conclusions: The present study documents the increasing share of noninvasive imaging and the decreasing share of angiography in retina units over the last 12 years.
Bilateral Superior Oblique Palsy: Etiology and Therapeutic Options
Authors: Merino Pilar S. , Rojas Pilar L. , Gómez De Liaño Pilar S. , Fukumitsu Hideki M. , Yáñez Jacobo M. 
Published: January 2014

Purpose: To study the causes of bilateral superior oblique palsy (BSOP), treatment with botulinum toxin and/or surgery, and outcome of treatment. Methods: This was an 11-year retrospective study of patients with BSOP treated with injections of botulinum toxin (Botox), surgery, or both. Treatment was considered successful when anomalous head turn and diplopia in primary gaze position and downgaze resolved. Results: Bilateral superior oblique palsy was diagnosed in 12 patients (8 male; mean age, 29.5 years). Palsy was secondary to a neoplasm in 3 cases and to head trauma in 2. In 2 cases, it was ischemic, in 2 it was congenital; the remaining cases were iatrogenic (hydrocephalus secondary to meningitis, 1), hemorrhagic ( 1 ), and idiopathic ( 1 ). The clinical manifestations recorded were diplopia ( 10 ), anomalous head posture ( 9 ), V pattern ( 12 ), subjective excyclotorsion ( 8 ), and objective excyclotorsion ( 6 ). Recovery was spontaneous in 1 case with neoplastic disease. Botox was injected in 8 cases (inferior oblique and/or inferior rectus muscles [successful in 2]), and subsequent surgery was required in 6. Two patients underwent surgery without prior injection of Botox. The most common surgical technique was recession of the inferior oblique muscle (6 patients), either as the only operation or associated with other procedures. The final result was good in 72.72% (8/11). Mean follow-up was 62.6 months (range 9-99 months). Conclusions: Causes of BSOP were varied (most frequently neoplastic). Botox was effective as the only treatment in 25% (2/8). Outcome was good in a high percentage of cases with Botox, surgery, or both.
Prognostic Factors and Visual Outcomes of Ruptured and Lacerated Globe Injuries
Authors: Fabian Ido Didi , Eliashiv Sivan , Moisseiev Joseph , Tryfonides Christos , Alhalel Amir 
Published: January 2014

Purpose: To identify prognostic factors related to ruptured and lacerated globes and compare the visual outcomes of these 2 mechanisms of injury. Methods: Medical records of patients with open-globe injuries referred to the Goldschleger Eye Institute between 2004 and 2010 were reviewed. Clinical parameters were summarized as defined by the ocular trauma score (OTS). All cases were classified as either ruptured or lacerated globes and a statistical analysis was performed in order to identify prognostic factors. Results: Medical records of 73 patients (55 male) were reviewed. Mean age of male injured patients was 33 years and of female injured patients was 64 years. Thirty-three percent of injuries were classified as ruptured globes. Males were mostly injured by a lacerating mechanism, compared to females (79.6% and 33.3%, respectively; p = 0.01). Mean logMAR at presentation after lacerated and ruptured globes was 1.42 ± 1.01 and 2.02 ± 0.91, respectively. Mean logMAR at the final follow-up visit after lacerated and ruptured globes was 0.65 ± 0.85 and 1.69 ± 1.10, respectively. Mean logMAR of the lacerated globes improved to a better extent compared to the ruptured ones (p = 0.046). The OTS was found to be a significant predictor of final mean logMAR for the lacerated globes (p<0.001), whereas mean logMAR at presentation was found to be the only predictive measure for ruptured globes (p<0.001). Conclusions: Ruptured and lacerated globes differ from each other in regard to prognostic factors and visual outcomes. We recommend distinguishing these 2 injury types in clinical practice as different open-globe injuries.
Recrudescent Meibomian Gland Carcinoma Treated with Xeloda: Case Report
Authors: Liang Yi-chen , Zhang Tao , Chen Sheng , Yu Dan-dan , Wu Hong-ge 
Published: January 2014

Purpose: To observe the curative effect of Xeloda in meibomian gland carcinoma. Methods: We treated a 53-year-old woman, who had recrudescent meibomian gland carcinoma, with Xeloda. Results: The mass was much smaller with decreased amount of overflow pus after 4 cycles of chemotherapy with Xeloda. Conclusions: Xeloda played a significant role in treating recrudescent meibomian gland carcinoma in this patient.