bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Importance of gas heating in capacitively coupled radiofrequency plasma-assisted synthesis of carbon nanomaterials
Authors: Nikhar Tanvi , Basu Sankhadeep , Abe Shota , Yatom Shurik , Raitses Yevgeny , Anthony Rebecca , Baryshev Sergey V 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In pursuit of diamond nanoparticles, a capacitively-coupled radio frequency flow-through plasma reactor was operated with methane-argon gas mixtures. Signatures of the final product obtained microscopically and spectroscopically indicated that the product was an amorphous form of graphite. This result was consistent irrespective of combinations of the macroscopic reactor settings. To explain the observed synthesis output, measurements of C2 and gas properties were carried out by laser-induced fluorescence and optical emission spectroscopy. Strikingly, the results indicated a strong gas temperature gradient of 100 K per mm from the center of the reactor to the wall. Based on additional plasma imaging, a model of hot constricted region (filamentation region) was then formulated. It illustrated that, while the hot constricted region was present, the bulk of the gas was not hot enough to facilitate diamond sp
3 formation: characterized by much lower reaction rates, when compared to sp
2, sp
3 formation kinetics are expected to become exponentially slow. This result was further confirmed by experiments under identical conditions but with a H2/CH4 mixture, where no output material was detected: if graphitic sp
2 formation was expected as the main output material from the methane feedstock, atomic hydrogen would then be expected to etch it away in situ, such that the net production of that sp
2-hybridized solid material is nearly a zero. Finally, the crucial importance of gas heating was corroborated by replacing RF with microwave source whereby facile sp
3 production was attained with H2/CH4 gas mixture.
Optimizing additive Y2O3 concentration for improving corrosion resistance of ceramic coatings formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation on Zr-4 alloy
Authors: Ajiriyanto Maman Kartaman , Anawati Anawati 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The corrosion resistance of ceramic coatings developed by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) can be improved by embedding particles. Optimizing the concentration of particles in the electrolyte is essential to obtain the best coating performance. This work aims to optimize the concentration of Y2O3 embedded in the PEO coatings on Zr-4 alloy to obtain the best corrosion resistance. Nanoparticles Y2O3 was suspended in the PEO electrolyte at a concentration of 2, 3 and 4 g l−1. The particles were successfully embedded in the PEO coating composed of ZrO2–SiO2. The electrochemical test in an aqueous solution and oxidation test at 600 °C revealed a consistent result that the best corrosion resistance was obtained in the coating formed in the 3 g l−1 Y2O3-containing electrolyte. At the corresponding optimum concentration, the coating contained high SiO2 and tetragonal (t) ZrO2 phase, which potentially formed a stable solid solution ZrO2–SiO2. The improved coating stability enhanced the corrosion resistance during both aqueous solution and high temperature exposure.
Enhancing the electrochemical performance of supercapacitor electrodes using as-synthesized CuO and MOF-derived CuO nanostructures
Authors: Noor Umar , Sherin P K Risla , Sharif Ammara , Ahmed Toheed , Rahman Mehboob Ur 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Metal organic frameworks (MOF’s) have gained considerable attention in the field of energy storage and supercapacitors applications. Herein, we synthesized copper oxide (CuO) through the precipitation method and concurrently derived from the solvothermal prepared copper-benzene dicarboxylate (Cu-BDC) by calcination. The integration of MOF-derived nanostructures with traditional CuO to form a hybrid electrode material, has not been extensively explored. The synthesized materials were characterized using x-ray Diffractometry, FTIR, XPS, Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller and morphological analysis was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) affirming the composite’s nature. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, galvanostatic charge–discharge, and cyclic voltammetry were used to evaluate the electrochemical properties of electrode material. With a specific capacitance of 691 Fg−1 for CuO obtained from Cu-BDC (benzene dicarboxylic acid) and 236 Fg−1 for CuO via the precipitation method, measured at a scan rate of 5 m Vs−1 in 6 M KOH was found to be the optimal performance solution for the electrode material. The mesoporous structures are crucial for their absorption ability and improved ion transport, resulting in optimized electrochemical performance. Finally, we demonstrate significant improvements in specific capacitance and cycling stability compared to pure CuO-based electrodes, highlighting the potential of this composite structure for advanced supercapacitor applications.
Algorithm prediction of single particle irradiation effect based on novel TFETs
Authors: Chong Chen , Liu Hongxia , Wang Shulong , Wang Zexi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In order to predict the single particle irradiation of tunnel field effect transistor (TFET) devices, a deep learning algorithm network model was built to predict the key characterization parameters of the single particle transient. Computer aided design (TCAD) technique is used to study the influence of single particle effect on the novel stacked source trench gate TFET device. The results show that with the increase of drain voltage, incident width of heavy ions (less than 0.04 μm), and linear energy transfer, the drain transient current and collected charge also increase. The prediction results of deep learning algorithm show that the relative error percentage of drain current pulse peak (I
DMAX) and collected charge (Q
c) is less than 10%, and the relative error percentage of most predicted values is less than 1%. Comparison experiments with five traditional machine learning methods (support vector machine, decision tree, K-nearest algorithm, ridge regression, linear regression) show that the deep learning algorithm has the best performance and has the smallest average error percentage. This data-driven deep learning algorithm model not only enables researchers who are not familiar with semiconductor devices to quickly obtain the transient data of a single particle under any conditions; at the same time, it can be applied to digital circuit design as a data-driven device model reflecting the reliability of single particle transient. The application of deep learning in the field of device irradiation prediction has a highly promising prospect in the future.
Broadband THz metasurface bandpass filter/antireflection coating based on metalized Si cylindrical rings
Authors: Simonyan Karen , Gharagulyan Hermine , Parsamyan Henrik , Khachatryan Ashot , Yeranosyan Mkrtich 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The operation of the metasurface based on silicon cylindrical rings coated by a gold as a terahertz (THz) bandpass filter/antireflection structure is studied. The decrease in the reflectance is conditioned by the destructive interference of electromagnetic waves reflected from structural layers of the metasurface. An efficient antireflection band with the reflectance below 10% is formed in the frequency spectrum of 0.71–0.92 THz with a relative bandwidth of 26%. It is shown that the operating spectrum of the suggested metasurface can be varied by changing the total radius of cylindrical rings, whereas the filter’s performance is rather insensitive to the variations in cylinder height and inner radius. The dependence of the antireflection band on the polarization and incidence angle of the THz waves is also analyzed. The antireflection band is sensitive to changes in the surrounding medium, hence enabling control of the transmittance band by exploiting refractive-index-changing materials.
Performance enhancements of HTS power cables by minimizing the electric field enhancements for electric transport applications
Authors: Mullings Alexia , Mensah Paul , Das Arup K , Guvvala Nagaraju , Kim Chul H , Pamidi Sastry V , Cheetham Peter 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Design innovations to manage the electric field enhancements and successful use of cryogenic epoxy EP37 as electrical insulation for high temperature superconducting (HTS) cables for electric aircraft applications are reported. Detailed finite element analysis (FEA) of the electric field distribution shows that the highest electric field is at the interface of the ground and electrical insulation layers. The FEA led to the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of four model cables with stress cones and a direct bond of the ground and insulation layers. Enhanced partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) was achieved in the model cables by minimizing the electric field enhancements at the ground layer interface. Using a helium gas mixture with 4 mol% H2, with higher intrinsic dielectric strength than pure helium, further enhanced the PDIV. The results warrant further studies on long HTS cables with EP37 as electrical insulation with a direct bond between the insulation and ground layers.
Screening-current-induced mechanical damage and critical current degradation in epoxy-impregnated REBCO insert coils
Authors: Liu Donghui , Wei Wanbo , Tang Yunkai , Li Dongke 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing concern about the mechanical deformation induced by the screening currents in high-field high-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets. Screening-current-induced mechanical damage and critical current degradation have emerged as significant issues in the design and operation of HTS magnets. Currently, it is a challenging topic to consider both the nonlinear E–J power-law relationship of the REBa2Cu3O7−x
(REBCO) coated conductors (CCs) and the nonlinear interface-damaged constitutive relationship in the numerical simulation. This paper presents an electro-mechanical model combining T–A formulation with the cohesive zone model for an epoxy-impregnated REBCO insert coil, taking into account the mechanical damage dependence of the critical current of REBCO CCs. The model is validated with experimental data. Additionally, numerical results indicate that delamination and current-carrying degradation in the coil are caused by the large electromagnetic force generated by the screening current during the high-field magnetization process. The effects of screening currents on the electromagnetic and mechanical properties of the coils exhibit a significant difference between scenarios with and without consideration of the damage-dependent critical current of REBCO CCs. The underlying mechanisms leading to edge and internal damage of the REBCO CC in the coil are clarified by different failure modes. Simulations neglecting the degradation of the critical current can overestimate the stress, strain, and damage zone growth of the coil, while underestimating the current-carrying deterioration in the high field. Furthermore, a detailed analysis is conducted on the screening-current-induced mechanical damage and critical current degradation under different background fields. Finally, the influences of the structural parameters, bobbin, overband and geometric position on the delamination damage and current-carrying degradation of the coil are further investigated. This work could provide theoretical references for the design and analysis of high-field HTS insert magnets.
Novel highly dispersive soliton solutions in couplers for optical metamaterials: leveraging generalized Kudryashov’s Law of refractive index with eighth-order dispersion and multiplicative white noise
Authors: Zayed Elsayed M E , Alurrfi Khaled A E , Hasek Abeer M M , Arar Nouria , Arnous Ahmed H , Yildirim Yakup 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article represents a significant advancement in the understanding of highly dispersive optical solitons within the context of optical metamaterials, leveraging a generalized form of Kudryashov’s law of refractive index. By integrating eighth-order dispersion and multiplicative white noise into the analysis, crucial elements in the development and optimization of sophisticated optical metamaterials are accounted for in this current paper for the first time. Through an improved direct algebraic method, a diverse range of soliton solutions are derived, encompassing bright, dark, singular, and straddled solitons. Moreover, the study goes beyond mere derivation by presenting exact solutions expressed using Jacobi and Weierstrass’s elliptic functions. This mathematical framework offers deeper insights into the dynamics of solitons within the investigated context. These findings substantially expand the theoretical underpinnings governing optical solitons in metamaterials, with direct implications for the design, and implementation of next-generation optical devices. The bridging of theoretical advancements with practical applications underscores the significance of this work. By elucidating precise control over soliton properties, it lays the groundwork for innovative solutions in optical communications and beyond. Also, this research serves as a crucial stepping stone towards realizing the full potential of optical metamaterials in shaping the future of optical technologies.
Constructions of optimal-speed quantum evolutions: a comparative study
Authors: Rossetti Leonardo , Cafaro Carlo , Bahreyni Newshaw 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We present a comparative analysis of two different constructions of optimal-speed quantum Hamiltonian evolutions on the Bloch sphere. In the first approach (Mostafazadeh’s approach), the evolution is specified by a traceless stationary Hermitian Hamiltonian and occurs between two arbitrary qubit states by maximizing the energy uncertainty. In the second approach (Bender’s approach), instead, the evolution is characterized by a stationary Hermitian Hamiltonian which is not traceless and occurs between an initial qubit state on the north pole and an arbitrary final qubit state. In this second approach, the evolution occurs by minimizing the evolution time subject to the constraint that the difference between the largest and the smallest eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian is kept fixed. For both approaches we calculate explicitly the optimal Hamiltonian, the optimal unitary evolution operator and, finally, the optimal magnetic field configuration. Furthermore, we show in a clear way that Mostafazadeh’s and Bender’s approaches are equivalent when we extend Mostafazadeh’s approach to Hamiltonians with nonzero trace and, at the same time, focus on an initial quantum state placed on the north pole of the Bloch sphere. Finally, we demonstrate in both scenarios that the optimal unitary evolution operator is a rotation about an axis that is orthogonal to the unit Bloch vectors that correspond to the initial and final qubit states.
Pattern formation on hydrophobic PDMS substrates by evaporating droplets: combined effect of substrate stiffness, relative humidity and particle size
Authors: D Choudhury Moutushi , Dutta Tapati , Chattopadhyay Ankur 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Desiccation patterns left by micro-droplets of water impregnated with particles on hydrophobic substrates have been analyzed with respect to variations in the elastic stiffness of the substrates, particle size and relative humidity. The complex and unique patterns obtained, have been analyzed and explained in terms of the time scales of moving Triple Phase Line (TPL) on substrate and substrate relaxation rate. The rate of TPL movement is found to depend on the relative humidity and substrate stiffness. In turn, this affects the contact angle hysteresis. Particle movement is a result of viscous drag and inertia apart from electrostatic interactions. We have successfully explained the myriad patterns obtained from drying droplets via systematic rheological measurements along with an understanding of the role of all the effective forces and their time scales of action.
Symmetric two-electodes pseudosupercapacitor from trichalcogenide MoS3-MoO3-poly-O-amino-benzenethiol nanocomposite
Authors: Rabia Mohamed , Ben Gouider Trabelsi Amira , Alkallas Fatemah H , Esayed Asma M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A novel nanocomposite, MoS3-MoO3/poly-O-amino-benzenethiol (MoS3-MoO3/POABT), has been synthesized in a one-pot process and demonstrates promising applications as a material for a two-electrode configuration supercapacitor. This nanocomposite exhibits remarkable morphological characteristics, featuring uniform particles with an average diameter of 80 nm and a porous structure. The advantageous morphology contributes to the enhanced performance of the fabricated pseudo supercapacitor. The evaluation of the charge/discharge behavior and cyclic voltammetry curves of the redox reaction of the MoS3-MoO3/POABT nanocomposite reveals its efficacy as a supercapacitor material. The specific capacitance (CS) achieved for this fabricated supercapacitor is noteworthy at 152 F/g. Furthermore, the energy density (E) peaks at 12.6 W h kg−1 when operating at a current density of 0.2 A/g. This high energy density demonstrates the supercapacitor’s ability to store significant energy for practical use efficiently. Importantly, its stability remains strong, with an impressive 98% retention after 250 cycles, and even after 1000 cycles, it only slightly decreases to 95%. This remarkable stability over extended cycling periods underscores the durability of the materials in the supercapacitor. Such reliable performance establishes the MoS3-MoO3/POABT nanocomposite as a dependable choice for supercapacitor applications, ensuring longevity and consistent performance in diverse energy storage needs.
Study of one-step and two-step neutron transfer in the reaction 6Li + 9Be*
Authors: Azhibekov A.K. , Lukyanov S.M. , Penionzhkevich Yu.E. , Urazbekov B.A. , Naumenko M.A. , Samarin V.V. , Issatayev T. , Maslov V.A. , Mendibayev K. , Aznabayev D. , Zholdybayev T.K. , Temirzhanov A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper presents the results of experiments conducted to measure the cross-sections for elastic scattering and nucleon transfer channels in the 6Li+9Be reaction at an incident energy of 68 MeV: 9Be(6Li,6Li)9Be, 9Be(6Li,7Li)8Be, 9Be(6Li,7Li)8Be2+, 9Be(6Li,8Li)7Be, and 9Be(6Li,7Be)8Li. The objective of the study is to elucidate the manifestation of the cluster structure of 9Be. Theoretical analysis of the contributions of the one-step and two-step neutron transfer mechanisms is performed using the distorted wave Born approximation method with the Fresco code. Good agreement between the calculations and the experimental data is obtained for the channels of elastic scattering 9Be(6Li,6Li)9Be, neutron 9Be(6Li,7Li)8Be, and proton transfer 9Be(6Li,7Be)8Li, as well as for the transfer of two neutrons 9Be(6Li,8Li)7Be. The dineutron cluster transfer mechanism makes a dominant contribution to the 9Be(6Li,8Li)7Be reaction channel at forward angles.
Photonuclear reactions on 59Co at bremsstrahlung end-point energies of 40–130 MeV*
Authors: Rasulova F. A. , Belyshev S. S. , Demichev M. A. , Demin D. L. , Evseev S. A. , Fursova N. Yu. , Gostkin M. I. , Khushvaktov J. H. , Kobets V. V. , Kuznetsov A. A. , Rozov S. V. , Ruziev E. T. , Solnyshkin A. A. , Tran T. N. , Yakushev E. A. , Yuldashev B. S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Relative yields were measured in the 40−130 MeV bremsstrahlung induced reactions of 59Co. The experiments were performed with the beam from the electron linear accelerator LINAC-200 using the activation and off-line γ-ray spectrometric techniques. The bremsstrahlung photon flux was calculated with the Geant4 program. The cross sections were calculated by using the computer code TALYS-1.96 with different models and were found to be in good agreement with the experimental data.
Feasible study on optimal utilization of blended fly ash and GGBS on the performance of concrete
Authors: Ashok Kumar M. , Vijay Kunamineni , Syam Babu D , Reddy Panga Narasimha , Sagar Tummala Santhi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Concrete is a blend of aggregate, water, and cement along with admixtures that are generally employed in the construction of structures all around the world. In this cement plays a major role as a binder in concrete. The cement manufacturing process liberates enormous amounts of greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere. Researchers have developed various alternative materials to cement. However, limitations are there for their higher utilization. The strength and durability are reduced if we use higher dosages of GGBS or fly ash as an additional material for cement. In this regard, there is a need to develop a ternary blended concrete by using GGBS and fly ash. In this study, the potential of using fly ash and GGBS as substitute materials for cement is evaluated. The combination of these materials to produce a binder opens up new opportunities for improving pozzolanic activities, which enhances concrete performance. The effect of several percentages of these two materials on the mechanical characteristics of the concrete was examined. There was an improved performance of the material so formed out of which replacing cement with an equal amount of fly ash and GGBS at 40% weight exhibited better performance. Further, the compressive strength prediction was assessed by using regression analysis. Applying the response surface method to the relationship between response variables and input parameters led to the regression equation. This strategy helps to predict the outcomes of experiments with a reasonable margin of error. The results of this study show that combining fly ash and GGBS as substitutes for cement enhances the performance of concrete.
Strength and Permeability Evaluation of hybrid steel –basalt fibres reinforced concrete
Authors: Thendral S , Vijaya Bhaskar Raju K , Venkata Krishnaiah R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
By incorporating hybrid fiber (steel and basalt) reinforced concrete, this study aims to investigate the distinctive intensity of optimal concrete performance while also assessing its mechanical as well as chloride permeability properties. In the experimental setup, many concrete mixtures with 1.5% steel fibers and varying percentages of hybrid fibres 1.2SF0.3BF, 0.9SF0.6BF, 0.6SF0.9BF, and 0.3SF1.2BF, were painstakingly constructed and evaluated. Steel and hybrid fibers used in the volume of concrete were taken into consideration when calculating the percentages of fibers. Finding the point of saturation at which maximal influence is attained and identifying any other relevant elements were the main goals. Six mixtures were created, one of which was used as regular concrete and had no fibers at all. In this study, M30 grade concrete with a 1.5% steel fibers and hybrid fiber content of 1.2SF 0.3BF, 0.9SF 0.6BF, 0.6SF 0.9BF, and 0.3SF 1.2BF was used. Tested components shaped like prisms, cylinders, and cubes underwent 7 and 28 days of water curing before being carefully prepared and put through intensive laboratory tests. For every % of fiber, several mechanical properties were evaluated, including flexural strength, split tensile strength, and compressive strength. Furthermore, a rapid chloride permeability test evaluation was carried out on specimens with 0% fibers, 1.5 steel fibers, and 0.9SF 0.6BF. %. The fiber content of the concrete matrix appears to have improved ductility, as seen by the reduced frequency of cracks observed in hybrid fibers.