bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Searcher's perceptions for query reformulation behavior on the web
Authors: Na Kyoungsik , Park Min Sook 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWith the aim of better understanding for query reformulation behavior in Information Retrieval (IR), this study is to investigate searcher's perceptions for query reformulation behavior in information search process on the Web using Google search engine as a tested in exploring what factors might affect searcher's query reformulation behavior. The study employed two survey questionnaires and a search task. Twenty seven subjects were recruited to participate in this study. Based on the findings, precision and relevance seem to be two key factors for subjects to reformulate previous queries as well as to compare between search results. Interestingly, search satisfaction and confidence might be other factors for subjects when considering query reformulations. Query reformulations might have not only broadened the search depending upon the quality of query reformulations, but may also have provided opportunities to learn and come up with new ideas. The findings of this study expect to promote understanding of searcher's query reformulation behavior in order to be of better assistance to both searchers and system developers.
The changes in Japanese researchers' usage and perception of electronic resources: Result of SCREAL Survey 2011
Authors: Sato Yoshinori , Mine Shinji , Itsumura Hiroshi , Tutiya Syun , Koyama Kenji , Kurata Keiko , Takeuchi Hiroya 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe Standing Committee for Research on Academic Libraries (SCREAL), in cooperation with 45 institutions in Japan, conducted a questionnaire survey from October to December 2011. As a result, 3,922 valid responses across various fields were collected. Following up this survey, we attempt here to clarify how usage and perception of e‐journals and scholarly articles among researchers and graduate students in Japan changed. The basic findings were as follows. 1) More than 90% of respondents in natural sciences, including pharmaceutical science, chemistry, biology, physics and medicine, reported that they used e‐journals at least once or twice a month. 2) E‐journals were not as heavily used in humanities and social sciences as in natural sciences, but the proportion of regular users turned out to be more than 4 times that of the 2001 survey. 3) This difference in e‐journals usage by discipline is strongly associated with the degree of dependence on domestic documents written in Japanese. The two groups of respondents, users of international documents and users of domestic documents, showed a statistically significant difference in answering the question concerning “Frequency of e‐journals use.” 4) Attitude to the necessity of printed version drastically transmuted. 62.3% of respondents in natural sciences and 53.6% in humanities and social sciences thought “printed journals are unnecessary when e‐journals are accessible.” 5) Use of digital devices for e‐books was not popular as yet, but the respondents expressed their high interest in the future use. Some preliminary discussion is made to identify the factors affecting the usage and/or perception of electronic resources by Japanese researchers.
Happiness: Exploring relationship with information and place in information science research and education
Authors: Agarwal Naresh 
Published: January 2013

AbstractResearch in information seeking behavior has looked at the way a person goes about looking for information when faced with a need for information. However, the relationship between happiness and information and how this information impacts happiness is often left out of the picture. Also, higher education in the field has not explored happiness as a learning outcome even though research has shown that a person can learn and practice to be happy. This paper discusses the concepts of information and happiness. Though a listing of my 7 commandments in life, a preliminary attempt will be made to highlight the possible inter‐relationships between happiness and information. This is a step in the direction to try and find synergies between information and happiness. Also, the possible role of happiness in Information Science research and in Information Science education will be discussed. By recognizing happiness as a construct and taking up the teaching and learning of happiness, we should be able to bring about transformative learning.
An investigation of search processes in collaborative exploratory web search
Authors: Yue Zhen , Han Shuguang , He Daqing 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis paper presents a user study aiming to investigate search processes in collaborative exploratory Web search. Our analysis of search processes focuses on the distribution and transition of user search actions captured in a collaborative web search system called CollabSearch. The results show that a large proportion of users' actions in collaborative searches were related to explicit communication, which is one of the sources for users to obtain query ideas. This paper concludes with some insights on the range of behaviors and activities that a collaborative search system should support.
Stab Marks Possibly from a Spear (Yari) on a Skull Excavated from the Mediaeval Zaimokuza Site, Kamakura City
Authors: Fujita H. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTAncient human skeletal remains with stab injuries were excavated from the Zaimokuza site in Kamakura City, Japan. These excavated remains are considered to be those of warriors who died in action during the fall of the Kamakura shogunate in 1333. The specimen in the present study was most likely a male soldier (bushi) of early middle age. In this manuscript, the possible circumstances of injury and weapons that may have been used to inflict the injury are discussed. The size, shape and angle of the wound strongly suggested that it was caused by a spear (yari) rather than a sword, dagger or arrow. In Japan, spears (yari) were used beginning in the late Kamakura period. Computed tomographic scans revealed that the injury extended into the intracranial cavity, and it likely penetrated the dura mater and damaged the frontal lobe. Studies of injury marks in ancient skeletal remains can reveal details about ancient wars and what types of weapons were used. This field should be advanced with the collaboration of physical anthropology and philological history. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐yield membrane protein expression from E. coli using an engineered outer membrane protein F fusion
Authors: Su Pin‐Chuan , Si William , Baker Deidre L. , Berger Bryan W. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObtaining high yields of membrane proteins necessary to perform detailed structural study is difficult due to poor solubility and variability in yields from heterologous expression systems. To address this issue, an Escherichia coli‐based membrane protein overexpression system utilizing an engineered bacterial outer membrane protein F (pOmpF) fusion has been developed. Full‐length human receptor activity‐modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) was expressed using pOmpF, solubilized in FC15 and purified to homogeneity. Using circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy, purified full‐length RAMP1 is composed of approximately 90% α‐helix, and retains its solubility and structure in FC15 over a wide range of temperatures (20–60°C). Thus, our approach provides a useful, complementary approach to achieve high‐yield, full‐length membrane protein overexpression for biophysical studies.
Electrochemical profiling of heterostructures with multiple quantum wells InGaN/GaN
Authors: Zubkov Vasily , Kucherova Olga , Frolov Dmitry , Zubkova Anna 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA method of electrochemical capacitance‐voltage profiling is used to characterize InGaN/GaN heterostructures with multiple quantum wells. Implementation of pulsed electrochemical etching allowed getting good planarity of etched surface despite of the high density of dislocations in GaN. The quality of etching, optimization of its parameters and independent check of etched depth were controlled by AFM measurements. Concentration profiles of InGaN/GaN QWs structures were evaluated then from capacitance‐voltage measurements revealing several quantum wells with a period of 17 nm. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effects of the V/III ratio on the quality of aluminum nitride grown on (0001) sapphire by high temperature hydride vapor phase epitaxy
Authors: Coudurier N. , Boichot R. , Fellmann V. , Claudel A. , Blanquet E. , Crisci A. , Coindeau S. , Pique D. , Pons M. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA High Temperature Hydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy reactor (HT‐HVPE) was used to grow 5 µm‐thick (0001) epitaxial AlN layers on sapphire. The experimental set‐up consists of a vertical cold‐wall quartz reactor working at low pressure in which the reactions take place on a graphite susceptor heated by induction. The reactants used are ammonia (NH3) and aluminum chlorides (AlClx) in situ formed via chlorine (Cl2) reaction with high purity aluminum pellets. As‐grown AlN layers have been characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction rocking curves (XRC) and Raman spectroscopy. First, the influence of the V/III ratio in the gas phase on surface morphology, crystalline quality and strain into the material is investigated in order to improve the quality of epitaxial AlN layers grown at high temperature. Parameters were adjusted to keep constant growth rate of about 5 µm/h. Second, a protective layer (growth of a 200 nm‐thick AlN layer at 1200 °C) was deposited before the main growth of a 5µm layer of AlN at 1500°C. A 430 arcsec FWHM value for the 0002 reflection of the AlN layer has been obtained for such experimental conditions. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A spontaneous deletion of α‐Synuclein is associated with an increase in CB1 mRNA transcript and receptor expression in the hippocampus and amygdala: Effects on alcohol consumption
Authors: López‐Jiménez Alejandro , Walter Nicole A.R. , Giné Elena , Santos Ángel , Echeverry‐Alzate Victor , Bühler Kora‐Mareen , Olmos Pedro , Giezendanner Stéphanie , Moratalla Rosario , Montoliu Lluis , Buck Kari J. , López‐Moreno Jose Antonio 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTα‐Synuclein (α‐syn) protein and endocannabinoid CB1 receptors are primarily located in presynaptic terminals. An association between α‐syn and CB1 receptors has recently been established in Parkinson's disease, but it is completely unknown whether there is an association between these two proteins in alcohol addiction. Therefore, we aimed to examine the α‐syn mRNA transcript and protein expression levels in the prefrontal cortex, striatum, amygdala and hippocampus. These brain regions are the most frequently implicated in alcohol and other drug addiction. In these studies, we used C57BL/6 mice carrying a spontaneous deletion of the α‐syn gene (C57BL/6Snca‐/‐) and their respective controls (C57BL/6Snca+/+). These animals were monitored for spontaneous alcohol consumption (3–10%) and their response to a hypnotic‐sedative dose of alcohol (3 g kg−1) was also assessed. Compared with the C57BL/6Snca+/+ mice, we found that the C57BL/6Snca‐/‐ mice exhibited a higher expression level of the CB1 mRNA transcript and CB1 receptor in the hippocampus and amygdala. Furthermore, C57BL/6Snca‐/‐ mice showed an increase in alcohol consumption when offered a 10% alcohol solution. There was no significant difference in sleep time after the injection of 3 g/kg alcohol. These results are the first to reveal an association between α‐syn and the CB1 receptor in the brain regions that are most frequently implicated in alcohol and other drug addictions. Synapse 00:000–000, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Early fetoscopic tracheal occlusion for extremely severe pulmonary hypoplasia in isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia: preliminary results
Authors: Ruano R. , Peiro J. L. , da Silva M. M. , Campos J. A. D. B. , Carreras E. , Tannuri U. , Zugaib M. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of early fetoscopic tracheal occlusion (FETO) (22–24 weeks' gestation) on pulmonary response and neonatal survival in cases of extremely severe isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).MethodsThis was a multicenter study involving fetuses with extremely severe CDH (lung‐to‐head ratio < 0.70, liver herniation into the thoracic cavity and no other detectable anomalies). Between August 2010 and December 2011, eight fetuses underwent early FETO. Data were compared with nine fetuses that underwent standard FETO and 10 without fetoscopic procedure from January 2006 to July 2010. FETO was performed under maternal epidural anesthesia, supplemented with fetal intramuscular anesthesia. Fetal lung size and vascularity were evaluated by ultrasound before and every 2 weeks after FETO. Postnatal therapy was equivalent for both treated fetuses and controls. Primary outcome was infant survival to 180 days and secondary outcome was fetal pulmonary response.ResultsMaternal and fetal demographic characteristics and obstetric complications were similar in the three groups (P > 0.05). Infant survival rate was significantly higher in the early FETO group (62.5%) compared with the standard group (11.1%) and with controls (0%) (P < 0.01). Early FETO resulted in a significant improvement in fetal lung size and pulmonary vascularity when compared with standard FETO (P < 0.01).ConclusionsEarly FETO may improve infant survival by further increases of lung size and pulmonary vascularity in cases with extremely severe pulmonary hypoplasia in isolated CDH. This study supports formal testing of the hypothesis with a randomized controlled trial. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Utilization of nitrate abolishes the “Custers effect” inDekkera bruxellensisand determines a different pattern of fermentation products
Authors: Galafassi Silvia , Capusoni Claudia , Moktaduzzaman Md , Compagno Concetta 
Published: January 2013

AbstractNitrate is one of the most abundant nitrogen sources in nature. Several yeast species have been shown to be able to assimilate nitrate and nitrite, but the metabolic pathway has been studied in very few of them. Dekkera bruxellensis can use nitrate as sole nitrogen source and this metabolic characteristic can render D. bruxellensis able to overcome S. cerevisiae populations in industrial bioethanol fermentations. In order to better characterize how nitrate utilization affects carbon metabolism and the yields of the fermentation products, we investigated this trait in defined media under well-controlled aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Our experiments showed that in D. bruxellensis, utilization of nitrate determines a different pattern of fermentation products. Acetic acid, instead of ethanol, became in fact the main product of glucose metabolism under aerobic conditions. We have also demonstrated that under anaerobic conditions, nitrate assimilation abolishes the “Custers effect”, in this way improving its fermentative metabolism. This can offer a new strategy, besides aeration, to sustain growth and ethanol production for the employment of this yeast in industrial processes.
Structural white matter changes in adolescents and young adults with maple syrup urine disease
Authors: Klee D. , Thimm E. , Wittsack H. J. , Schubert D. , Primke R. , Pentang G. , Schaper J. , Mödder U. , Antoch A. , Wendel U. , Cohnen M. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo get insight into the nature of magnetic resonance (MR) white matter abnormalities of patients with classic maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) under diet control.MethodsTen patients with classic MSUD and one with a severe MSUD variant (mean age 21.5 ± 5.1 years) on diet and 11 age and sex‐matched healthy subjects were enrolled. Apart from standard MR sequences, diffusion weighted images (DWI), diffusion tensor images (DTI), and magnetization transfer images (MT) were obtained and comparatively analyzed for apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), tensor fractional anisotropy (FA) and MT maps in 11 regions of interest (ROI) within the white matter.ResultsIn MSUD patients DWI, DTI and FA showed distinct signal changes in the cerebral hemispheres, the dorsal limb of internal capsule, the brain stem and the central cerebellum. Signal intensity was increased in DWI with a reduced ADC and decreased values for FA. MT did not reveal differences between patients and control subjects.ConclusionSignal abnormalities in the white matter of adolescents and young adults under diet control may be interpreted as consequence of structural alterations like dysmyelination. The reduced ADC and FA in the white matter with preserved MT indicate a reduction in fiber tracks.
Genetic Counseling Training and Certification in Australasia
Authors: McEwen A. R. , Young M. A. , Wake S. A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe development of standards for training and certification is essential to the credibility and integrity of a developing profession. Training and certification of genetic counselors in Australasia has undergone a detailed review during the past few years, resulting in changes to the way certification is obtained. This paper presents an overview of the process of developing a robust training and certification program which reflects the social and cultural environment of genetic counselors working in Australasia. A brief history of the development of the profession in Australasia is provided, followed by a detailed discussion of the recent development of Masters programs and a portfolio of work required for certification. The importance of consultation within the profession and with our colleagues in the field of human genetics is considered, and we provide a discussion of defining moments that occurred during the review. This paper is intended to provide a detailed description of genetic counselor training and certification in Australasia. We anticipate that our insights into the process of redevelopment of training and certification guidelines may be helpful for genetic counselors working in countries where certification requirements are being developed.
Extreme Lateral Interbody Fusion (XLIF) in the Thoracic and Thoracolumbar Spine: Technical Report and Early Outcomes
Authors: Meredith Dennis S. , Kepler Christopher K. , Huang Russel C. , Hegde Vishal V. 
Published: January 2013

Background Previous studies have demonstrated the distinct advantages of thoracoscopically assisted spinal fusion compared to traditional open thoracotomy. However, these techniques are limited by a steep learning curve, prolonged operative time, and lack of three-dimensional visualization of the surgical field. Objective The objective of this study was to describe our initial experience with an adaptation of the extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF) technique allowing access to the anterior aspect of the thoracic and thoracolumbar spine with specific reference to (1) early pulmonary complications, (2) non-pulmonary complications, and (3) ability of this technique to successfully achieve spinal decompression and fusion at the operative level. Methods Clinical and radiographic data were reviewed for the entire perioperative period. A total of 18 patients (72% females; mean age, 56.8 years) underwent a thoracic XLIF procedure for spinal pathologies including disc herniation, fracture, tumor, pseudoarthrosis, and proximal junctional kyphosis. A total of 32 levels were treated, with the majority located at the thoracolumbar junction. Twelve of the procedures were done as part of a combined anterior/posterior surgery. Results The mean estimated blood loss was 577 ml and the mean length of stay was 12 days. At a mean follow-up of 14 months, all patients except for one (who died of widely metastatic disease) had achieved radiographic evidence of fusion. Two patients developed pulmonary effusions requiring medical intervention. Six patients had seven non-pulmonary complications: incidental durotomy (two), infection (one), instrumentation pullout (one), cardiac arrhythmia (two), and death from metastatic disease (one). Conclusions The XLIF technique can be utilized for access to the anterior column of the thoracic and thoracolumbar spine. The advantages of this minimally invasive technique include avoidance of the need for an access surgeon and for lung deflation during surgery as well as excellent visualization of the spinal pathology.
Use of birth weight threshold for macrosomia to identify fetuses at risk of shoulder dystocia among Chinese populations
Authors: Cheng Yvonne K.‐Y. , Lao Terence T. , Sahota Daljit S. , Leung Viola K.‐T. , Leung Tak Y. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the incidence of macrosomia and the influence of birth weight on shoulder dystocia risk among a cohort of Chinese women.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of 80 953 singleton deliveries recorded at the Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, between 1995 and 2009. The incidences of macrosomia (birth weight ≥ 4000 g) and shoulder dystocia were assessed by birth weight; risk factors for shoulder dystocia were examined by multiple logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe incidence of macrosomia was 3.4%. The overall incidence of shoulder dystocia was 0.3%; however, the incidence rose with increasing birth weight. The odds ratio (OR) for a birth weight of 4000–4199 g was 22.40, while the OR for a birth weight of 4200 g or above was 76.10. Other independent risk factors for shoulder dystocia included instrumental delivery (OR 12.11), short stature (OR 2.16), maternal diabetes mellitus (OR 1.78), and obesity (OR 1.58).ConclusionAlthough the overall incidences of macrosomia and shoulder dystocia were low, the risk of shoulder dystocia was strongly linked to increasing birth weight. International guidelines for elective cesarean delivery in suspected cases of macrosomia may not, therefore, apply to Chinese women.
West Nile virus lineage 2 in Sardinian wild birds in 2012: a further threat to public health
Authors: SAVINI G. , PUGGIONI G. , DI GENNARO A. , DI FRANCESCO G. , ROCCHIGIANI A. M. , POLCI A. , MARINI V. , PINONI C. , ROLESU S. , MARRUCHELLA G. , LORUSSO A. , MONACO F. 
Published: January 2013

SUMMARYWest Nile virus (WNV) strains belonging to lineage 2 were detected and isolated from the tissues of a goshawk and two carrion crows in Sardinia in August 2012. According to NS3 sequence analysis, the Sardinian isolates shared a high level of similarity with those of Italian lineage 2 strains which circulated in 2011 and with the homologous sequence of the 2004 Hungarian isolate. Following the human fatality reported in 2011 in Olbia, this study is the first to report the spread and enzootic circulation of WNV lineage 2 in Sardinia.