bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reevaluating hybrid neurofibroma/schwannoma: Predominance of schwannoma features despite CD34 positivity and initial neurofibroma diagnosis
Authors: Katsumi Tatsuya , Hayashi Ryota , Takei Shingo , Ansai Osamu , Takatsuka Sumiko , Takenouchi Tatsuya , Saito Kyota , Suda Kazuaki , Yoshihara Kosuke , Nagai Takahiro , Okuda Shujiro , Fukumoto Takaya , Ansai Shin‐ichi , Nakamura Anna , Katsuumi Koji , Ariizumi Takashi , Ogose Akira , Kawashima Hiroyuki , Abe Riichiro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSchwannomas consist of both high‐cellularity regions (Antoni A area) and hypocellular regions (Antoni B area) in histopathological findings. Neurofibromas characteristically consist of CD34 positive spindle cells with thin, wavy, nuclei and wavy collagen bands. Previous reports have described segments of schwannomas with neurofibroma features as hybrid tumors, although hybrid tumors were diagnosed based on partial CD34 positivity in many previous reports. On the other hand, the Antoni B area of some schwannomas was reported to be positive for CD34. Therefore, the definition of a hybrid tumor has not been clear. The objective of this study was to determine whether only CD34 positive findings in schwannomas could be used to define a hybrid tumor. In the analysis of our patient with schwannomatosis caused by a novel LZTR1 germline mutation, part of the tumor had CD34 positive hypocellular regions. These regions contained no thin, wavy, nuclei, indicating an Antoni B area. Laser microdissection was used to investigate the genetic background and differences in molecular mechanisms between CD34 positive and CD34 negative regions. All mutations identified in CD34 positive regions were also found in CD34 negative regions. Our data could not clear the genetic background of Antoni B which was CD34 positive area. We then reviewed the pathologies of 66 sporadic schwannomas. Histopathological examinations of all schwannomas revealed the absence of thin, wavy, nuclei and wavy collagen bands, and no hybrid tumors were found in any of the cases. Ten of 66 patients were randomly selected for CD34 immunostaining and positivity was found in all cases. Our data suggest that it is difficult to distinguish schwannomas by staining for CD34 alone, as Antoni B areas can also be positive for CD34. Therefore, CD34 staining alone should not be used to diagnose hybrid tumors in patients with schwannomas.
The ‘Karman method’ and the boundaries of self‐help: Itinerary of an abortion technology
Authors: Pavard Bibia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article explores the controversial itinerary of Harvey Karman and his development in the 1970s of a manual vacuum abortion method which promised a simpler alternative to traditional methods. It highlights Karman's role, often overlooked in abortion rights narratives, as he navigated the transition from illegal to legal abortion, engaging with feminist collectives, doctors and population controllers. Drawing on diverse sources, it examines Karman's efforts to promote his devices and his complex position within medical and feminist circles. The article argues that post‐1972 tension between Karman and feminist activists reveals the gendered alliance dynamics of the abortion movement before and just after Roe v. Wade (1973). It also shows how these tensions encouraged feminist groups to redefine their own practices and led to the delineation of the boundaries of self‐help.
How kindness took a hold: A sociology of emotions, attachment and everyday enchantment
Authors: Brownlie Julie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHow are we to understand the contemporary preoccupation—at least in many English‐speaking societies—with ‘random acts of kindness’ and the idea of kindness more generally? Should this be seen as a challenge to the logic of capitalism or reinforcing of it, an example of commodification of emotion within our everyday lives? By introducing and mapping the contours of an emergent ‘kindness industry’, placing emotion (and enchantment) at the heart of how attachment to the idea of kindness is theorised, and marshalling existing empirical research on contemporary framings of everyday kindness, I argue that there is a need for a critical sociological engagement with the ‘pro‐social’ that does justice to its profound ambivalence. In the case of contemporary kindness this involves understanding both the regulatory nature of the enchantment sold by a kindness industry and the problem‐solving potential of the enchantment of kindness in the everyday, where it both helps address contemporary feelings of hopelessness and shame and facilitates the possibility of making life materially liveable.
Insight into the mechanism of the aggregation behavior of wheat protein modulated by l‐lysine under microwave irradiation
Authors: Tan Jing , Cao Hongwei , Wang Xiaoxue , Li Sen , Song Hongdong , Huang Kai , Zhang Yu , Lu Jun , Guan Xiao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study explored the mechanism of l‐lysine intervention in wheat gluten protein (WG) gel formation under a microwave (MW) field. The results showed that the MW treatment had higher ζ‐potential values at the same heating rate. After adding l‐lysine, the solution conductivity and dielectric loss were significantly increased. Moreover, the WG gel strength enhanced 4.40% under the MW treatment. The Fourier spectra showed that the α‐helix content was decreased 13.78% with the addition of lysine. The ultraviolet absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra indicated that MW irradiation impacted the interactions between WG molecules more effectively than the water bath heating, promoting the denaturation and unfolding of the protein structure. In addition, scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the incorporation of lysine promoted an ordered network structure formation of the protein, which enhanced the gel properties. This indicated that the zwitterion of l‐lysine played a regulatory role in the aggregation of proteins in the MW field.
A concise review of the nutritional profiles, microbial dynamics, and health impacts of fermented mushrooms
Authors: Sivamaruthi Bhagavathi Sundaram , Sisubalan Natarajan , Kesika Periyanaina , Sureka Indrajith , Chaiyasut Chaiyavat 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMushrooms have garnered significant attention for their nutritional composition and potential health benefits, including antioxidant, antihypertensive, and cholesterol‐lowering properties. This review explores the nutritional composition of edible mushrooms, including their high protein content, essential amino acids, low fat, cholesterol levels, and bioactive compounds with medicinal value. Moreover, the study analyzes the microbiology of mushroom fermentation, focusing on the diverse microbial ecosystem involved in the transformation of raw mushrooms and the preservation methods employed to extend their shelf life. Special emphasis is placed on lactic acid fermentation as a cost‐effective and efficient preservation technique. It involves controlling the growth of lactic acid bacteria to enhance the microbial stability and nutritional quality of mushrooms. Furthermore, the bioactivities of fermented mushrooms are elucidated, which are antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti‐glycemic, immune modulatory, and other biological activities. The mechanisms underlying these bioactivities are explored, emphasizing the role of fermented mushrooms in suppressing free radicals, enhancing antioxidant defenses, and modulating immune responses. Overall, this review provides comprehensive insights into the nutritional composition, microbiology, bioactivities, and underlying mechanisms of fermented mushrooms, highlighting their potential as functional foods with significant health‐promoting properties.
Analysis of dietary vitamin C intake levels and the risk of hyperuricemia and gout based on cross‐sectional studies and bi‐directional Mendelian randomization
Authors: Peng Zi‐Ning , Wang Xing‐Qiang , Deng Qian , Yan Wei‐Tian , Zhao Wei‐Qing , Pu Yong‐Bin , Liu Nian , Gu Ling‐Li , Peng Jiang‐Yun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the link between dietary vitamin C intake and hyperuricemia/gout, utilizing Mendelian randomization to assess causality.MethodsWe analyzed cross‐sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–2018) to investigate the association. Mendelian randomization studies, using genetic data from genome‐wide association surveys, were conducted to infer causality between vitamin C intake and hyperuricemia/gout. The weighted logistic regression analysis and the instrumental variable based on the inverse‐variance weighting served as the primary analytical tool, with sensitivity analyses to ensure robustness.ResultsAfter adjusting for covariates, a stable association was observed between vitamin C intake and hyperuricemia/gout risk. Those consuming >111.75 mg of vitamin C generally had a lower risk. Vitamin C intake recommendations of 75–525 mg and 75–225 mg appeared effective for hyperuricemia and gout, respectively. Mendelian randomization analysis revealed a negative association between vitamin C intake and hyperuricemia (OR = 0.985, 95% CI = 0.973–0.997, p = .015) and gout (OR = 0.857, 95% CI = 0.797–0.921, p < .001). Reverse Mendelian randomization indicated no reverse causality.ConclusionWe hypothesize that a dietary vitamin C intake of 75–525 mg or 75–225 mg may reduce the risk of hyperuricemia and gout, respectively. Further research with larger samples is required to confirm this.
Prevalence of rheumatic musculoskeletal pain and disability in rural Nepal‐ a cross‐sectional community‐based study adopting WHO‐ILAR COPCORD stage I: Phases I and II protocol
Authors: Adhikari Sudeep , Paudyal Buddhi Prasad , Adhikari Krishna , Shrestha Pradeep , Mahato Tarkeshwor , Bhusal Sangeeta , Dhimal Meghnath , Bista Bihungum , Siwakoti Selina , Pandey Janaki , Gyawali Pradip 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe burden of musculoskeletal (MSK) pain and disabilities is high in health facilities but remains unknown in the community due to a lack of community‐level studies. The community‐oriented program for control of rheumatic diseases (COPCORD) is focused on determining MSK pain and disabilities through epidemiological surveys. This study adopted the COPCORD stage I protocol to determine the prevalence of rheumatic MSK pain and disability and its associated factors in the Pyuthan district of Nepal.MethodologyA cross‐sectional community‐based study using the quantitative method was conducted in Pyuthan municipality as per COPCORD stage I protocol. COPCORD stage I (phase I and phase II) questionnaires were used to collect data through the interview technique. Populations aged 18 years and above were included in the study. A multistage sampling technique was used, and the total sample size was 2145. The collected data from phase I and phase II were entered in Epidata version 3.1. Descriptive and analytical analysis was done in SPSS. The Chi‐square test was used to find the association between dependent and independent variables.FindingsThe overall prevalence (past and current MSK pain/swelling) was 26.81% (95% CI 24.9–28.7). Current MSK pain/swelling was found in 19.53% of the participants, and past MSK pain/swelling was found in 25.87%. Among self‐reported chronic diseases, joint pain was reported by the majority of the participants (17.86%). Age, sex, education, nature of work, current smoking, tobacco use, and alcohol use were found to be associated with past and current MSK pain/swelling.ConclusionsMore than one‐fourth of the participants had MSK pain/swelling. The prevalence of MSK pain/swelling was higher in elderly participants, females, illiterates, heavy workers, smokers, tobacco users, and alcohol users. Similar studies should be conducted in other regions of the country, and this study should also be expanded to COPCORD Stages II and III to identify the risk factors and to improve the management of MSK pain and disorders.
Epithelial granuloma occurring on the staple‐stump after segmentectomy for ovarian cancer lung metastasis
Authors: Kuriyama Shoji , Imai Kazuhiro , Nanjo Hiroshi , Takashima Shinogu , Iwai Hidenobu , Demura Ryo , Suzuki Haruka , Harata Yuzu , Shibano Sumire , Minamiya Yoshihiro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWhen a mass occurs at the staple line following lung resection, it can be difficult to distinguish between local cancer recurrence and granuloma. We present a case of a staple‐line granuloma with 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography uptake and elevated serum carbohydrate antigen 19–9 (CA19‐9) in a patient with ovarian cancer lung metastasis. After granuloma resection, serum CA19‐9 levels normalized, and CA19‐9 positive cells were identified in the resected tumor. Therefore, serum CA19‐9 elevation does not rule out a staple‐line granuloma. Whereas granulomas on computed tomography (CT) scans tend to show smooth shadows along the staple line unilaterally, detailed CT evaluation may help diagnostic differentiation. Differentiation based on imaging and tumor markers has limitations. However, core needle biopsy has the risk of misdiagnosis and tumor cell dissemination, therefore surgical resection should be considered when comprehensive findings indicate a potential recurrence.
Preferences for albumin use in adult intensive care unit patients with shock: An international survey
Authors: Sivapalan Praleene , Ellekjaer Karen Louise , Perner Anders , Møller Morten Hylander , Granholm Anders , Grønningsæter Lasse , Ostermann Marlies , Sweeney Rob Mac , Cronhjort Maria , Hästbacka Johanna , Pfortmueller Carmen , De Waele Jan , Nalos Marek , Jovaisa Tomas , Reintam Blaser Annika , Cecconi Maurizio , Ergan Begum , Al‐Fares Abdulrahman , Young Paul J. , Szczeklik Wojciech , Keus Eric , Alshamsi Fayez , Khanna Ashish K. , Sigurdsson Martin Ingi , Fujii Tomoko , Arabi Yaseen M. , Meyhoff Tine Sylvest ,   National investigators (NI) and site investigators
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionUse of albumin is suggested for some patients with shock, but preferences for its use may vary among intensive care unit (ICU) physicians.MethodsWe conducted an international online survey of ICU physicians with 20 questions about their use of albumin and their opinion towards a randomised trial among adults with shock comparing the use versus no use of albumin.ResultsA total of 1248 respondents participated, with a mean response rate of 37%, ranging from 18% to 75% across 21 countries. Respondents mainly worked in mixed ICUs and 92% were specialists in intensive care medicine. The reported use of albumin in general shock varied as 18% reported ‘almost never’, 22% ‘rarely’, 34% ‘occasionally’, 22% ‘frequently’ and 4% ‘almost always’ using albumin. In septic shock, 19% reported ‘almost never’, 22% ‘rarely’, 29% ‘occasionally’, 22% ‘frequently’ and 7% ‘almost always’ using albumin. Physicians’ preferences were more consistent for haemorrhagic‐ and cardiogenic shock, with more than 45% reporting ‘almost never’ using albumin. While the reported use of albumin for other purposes than resuscitation was infrequent (40%–85% reported ‘almost never’ for five other indications), the most frequent other indications were low serum albumin levels and improvement of the efficacy of diuretics. Most respondents (93%) would randomise adult ICU patients with shock to a trial of albumin versus no albumin.ConclusionsIn this international survey, the reported preferences for the use of albumin in adult ICU patients with shock varied considerably among surveyed ICU physicians. The support for a future randomised trial was high.
Lens capsule advanced glycation end products induce senescence in epithelial cells: Implications for secondary cataracts
Authors: Cooksley Grace , Nam Mi‐Hyun , Nahomi Rooban B. , Rankenberg Johanna , Smith Andrew J. O. , Wormstone Yvette M. , Wormstone I. Michael , Nagaraj Ram H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPosterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a common complication after cataract surgery. Residual lens epithelial cells (LECs) on the anterior lens capsule, after cataract surgery, migrate to the posterior lens capsule and undergo transdifferentiation into myofibroblast‐like cells. Those cells synthesize excessive amounts of extracellular matrix and contribute to fibrosis during PCO. Cellular senescence, a phenomenon that increases with aging, has been implicated in several fibrotic diseases. Here, we have investigated the prevalence of senescent LECs within the lens posterior capsule and the ability of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in lens capsules to induce senescence, contributing to PCO. Aged lens capsules from pseudophakic human cadaver eyes showed the presence of senescent LECs. In human capsular bags, LECs showed an age‐dependent increase in senescence after 28 days of culture. Human LECs cultured on aged lens capsules for 3 days underwent senescence; this effect was not seen in LECs cultured on young lens capsules. Human LECs cultured on an AGE‐modified extracellular matrix (ECM‐AGEs) showed an AGE‐concentration‐dependent increase in the expression of senescence markers and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Treatment with a RAGE antagonist and ROS inhibitor reduced the expression of senescence and fibrotic markers. Additionally, conditioned media from ECM‐AGEs‐treated cells induced the expression of fibrotic markers in naïve LECs. Together, these suggest that AGEs in the capsule induce senescence of LECs, which triggers the mesenchymal transition of neighboring non‐senescent LECs and contributes to PCO.
Cellular senescence by loss of Men1 in osteoblasts is critical for age‐related osteoporosis
Authors: Ukon Yuichiro , Kaito Takashi , Hirai Hiromasa , Kitahara Takayuki , Bun Masayuki , Kodama Joe , Tateiwa Daisuke , Nakagawa Shinichi , Ikuta Masato , Furuichi Takuya , Kanie Yuya , Fujimori Takahito , Takenaka Shota , Yamamuro Tadashi , Otsuru Satoru , Okada Seiji , Yamashita Masakatsu , Imamura Takeshi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecent evidence suggests an association between age‐related osteoporosis and cellular senescence in the bone; however, the specific bone cells that play a critical role in age‐related osteoporosis and the mechanism remain unknown. Results revealed that age‐related osteoporosis is characterized by the loss of osteoblast Men1. Osteoblast‐specific inducible knockout of Men1 caused structural changes in the mice bones, matching the phenotypes in patients with age‐related osteoporosis. Histomorphometrically, Men1‐knockout mice femurs decreased osteoblastic activity and increased osteoclastic activity, hallmarks of age‐related osteoporosis. Loss of Men1 induces cellular senescence via mTORC1 activation and AMPK suppression, rescued by metformin treatment. In bone morphogenetic protein‐indued bone model, loss of Men1 leads to accumulation of senescent cells and osteoporotic bone formation, which are ameliorated by metformin. Our results indicate that cellular senescence in osteoblasts plays a critical role in age‐related osteoporosis and that osteoblast‐specific inducible Men1‐knockout mice offer a promising model for developing therapeutics for age‐related osteoporosis.
Real‐world outcomes for patients with pleural mesothelioma: A multisite retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chow Kar Ven Cavan , Turner Cassie , Hughes Brett , Lwin Zarnie , Chan Bryan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the real‐world treatment patterns and outcomes for patients with pleural mesothelioma (PM) in the era of immunotherapy.MethodsThis retrospective audit included patients with PM diagnosed within three tertiary referral centers in Queensland, Australia from January 2017 to July 2023. Patient and treatment characteristics and outcomes were recorded. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Kaplan‐Meier survival method.ResultsA total of 90 patients were included: 84% were male, the median age was 75 years (range 70–79) and 85% had baseline Eastern Group Cooperative Group of 0–1. Subtypes included 54% epithelioid, 17% biphasic, 12% sarcomatoid, and 17% unspecified/unknown. First‐line treatment was received by 57/90 patients (63%) and 33/90 patients (37%) received the best supportive care (BSC). Chemotherapy was most used (63%) overall, but first‐line immunotherapy was more commonly used since ipilimumab/nivolumab was reimbursed by the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme in July 2021. After first‐line treatment, only 40% received second‐line treatment and 60% received BSC.12‐month overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival for all patients were 53% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 43–65) and 25% (95% CI 15–40) respectively. 12‐month OS was 72%, 64%, and 29% for immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and BSC, respectively. There was no significant difference in survival between chemotherapy and immunotherapy (hazard ratio 1.28, 95% CI: 0.65–2.5, p = 0.5).ConclusionIn our unselected real‐world cohort, both chemotherapy and immunotherapy are active against PM, but the prognosis remains guarded. There remains a need for better treatment options, especially in the first‐line setting. Enrolment in clinical trials is crucial to improving outcomes in this debilitating disease.
Quantifying the impact of centralised neonatal care following interhospital transfer of preterm infants on families
Authors: Shipley Lara J. , Sharkey Don 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimEvaluate the additional burden of centralised neonatal care on families of extremely preterm infants cared for away from their planned hospital of birth.MethodsRetrospective cohort study using national data for infants 23+0 to 27+6 weeks of gestation admitted for neonatal care from 2011 to 2016. The number of transfers on the first day of life (potential maternal–infant separation), time away from the maternal booking hospital (BH) and distance from the maternal residence were quantified.ResultsOf 14 719 included infants, 2803 (19%) underwent postnatal transfer on the first day of life. A total of 8622 (59%) infants were cared for away from their BH for a median of 39 days (interquartile range [IQR] 15–69), 30% spending >60 days away over a median of two episodes (range 1–12). Median return road travelling distances for parents to their local BH was 13 km (IQR 8–26), but this increased to 74 km (IQR 32–148) for those cared for in a non‐BH.ConclusionCentralised neonatal care improves infant outcomes but introduces additional burdens on the families of extremely preterm infants cared for away from their BH. Additional support, including accommodation and financial aid, could help minimise the impact on these families, facilitate family integrated care and improve parental wellbeing.
Toward a mechanistic understanding of the association between motor and executive function skill development in early childhood
Authors: Cassidy Jessica M. , Willoughby Michael T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEarly childhood is characterized by rapid increases in both motor skills and executive function skills. Rather than simply codeveloping, the development of motor and executive function skills may be linked causally. In this article, we introduce corticomuscular coherence as a paradigm for psychologists interested in testing mechanistic questions about the potentially causal association between motor and executive function skill development in early childhood. We also consider the broader implications of this work for informing typical and atypical development.