bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Copper‐Mediated Chan—Lam Coupling of 2‐Aminopyridine: Facile Synthesis of N‐Arylpyridin‐2‐amines.
Authors: Chen Jianbin , Natte Kishore , Man Nikki Y. T. , Stewart Scott G. , Wu Xiao‐Feng 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe title reaction shows good functional group tolerance but sterically demanding boronic acids such as (IIc) give only low yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Iodine Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of Chromeno[4,3‐b]quinolin‐6‐ones under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Sashidhara Koneni V. , Palnati Gopala Reddy , Singh L. Ravithej , Upadhyay Amit , Avula Srinivasa Rao , Kumar Abdhesh , Kant Ruchir 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe iodine‐catalyzed three‐component one‐pot reaction of 4‐hydroxy coumarin, aromatic aldehydes, and aromatic amines under microwave irradiation gives title compounds of type (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: [3]‐1‐Azadendralenes as Versatile Building Blocks for the Stereoselective Synthesis of Polysubstituted Hexahydroquinazolin‐2‐ones and Hexahydrobenzothiazine‐2‐imines.
Authors: Saito Takao , et al.  
Published: November 2015

AbstractAzatrienes, prepared in situ from aldehydes (I), (XI), and amines, react with isocyanates or isothiocyanates to give the corresponding [4 + 2] cycloadducts with high regio‐ and stereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Aminoquinoline‐3‐carboamides and Pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinolin‐4‐ones Through Copper‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Multicomponent Reactions.
Authors: Zhang Xin‐Ying , Guo Xiao‐Jie , Fan Xue‐Sen 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA new synthetic procedure for the preparation of title compounds (III) and (V) in a simple four component cascade process is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 2‐Arylquinazolinones from 2‐Arylindoles with Amines or Ammoniums.
Authors: Feng Yadong , Li Yudong , Cheng Guolin , Wang Lianhui , Cui Xiuling 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis novel synthesis gives an easy access to various substituted quinazolinone derivatives (43 examples) under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Bromocyclization of Allylated Aldoxime Ethers
Authors: Egart Boris , Czekelius Constantin 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBromination of O‐allylated aldoxime ethers having a trans substituted allyl group with Br(collidine)2PF6 induces an efficient diastereoselective cyclization to give 5‐bromooxazine derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Acylphosphonates by a Palladium‐Catalyzed Phosphonocarbonylation Reaction of Aryl Iodides with Phosphites.
Authors: Masuda Yusuke , Ishida Naoki , Murakami Masahiro 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe title reaction demonstrates the first example of the use of phosphorous nucleophiles in related metal‐catalyzed carbonylation reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐(Acetylthio)‐2,2‐dimethyl‐3‐oxobutyl and 4‐(tert‐Butyldisulfanyl)‐2,2‐dimethyl‐3‐oxobutyl as Protecting Groups for Nucleoside 5′‐Phosphoramidates Derived from L‐Alanine Methyl Ester.
Authors: Sontakke Vyankat A. , Loennberg Harri , Ora Mikko 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPhosphoramidates (IV) are synthesized by the H‐phosphonate methodology and subsequent oxidative amination with L‐alanine methyl ester.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactivity of N‐tert‐Butanesulfinyl Glycosylamines.
Authors: Cocaud Chloe , Nicolas Cyril , Bayle Alexandre , Poisson Thomas , Pannecoucke Xavier , Martin Olivier R. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe reaction of furanose and pyranose derivatives with optically active sulfinamidine (II) gives the title compounds (III) and (VII), respectively.
Modellbasierte Untersuchung des Wärmeübergangs in einer induktiv beheizten Wirbelschicht
Authors: Idakiev Vesselin V. , Bück Andreas , Tsotsas Evangelos , Mörl Lothar 
Published: November 2015

AbstractEine neue Technologie zur hoch effizienten Erwärmung von Wirbelschichten soll entwickelt werden. Der Energieeintrag in Wirbelschichten kann durch konvektive indirekte Aufheizung des Fluidisierungsmediums oder auch durch Induktion mithilfe von elektrisch leitfähigen Inertpartikeln (z. B. Eisenhohlkugeln) in der fluidisierten Partikelschüttung, auf die über ein Induktionsfeld Energie übertragen wird, erfolgen. Auf der Oberfläche dieser Teilchen wird die Wärme direkt in der Wirbelschicht berührungslos freigesetzt. Die Auswirkung einzelner Parameter wie Schichtmasse, Luftgeschwindigkeit und eingespeiste Induktionsleistung auf die induktive Erwärmung wurde systematisch untersucht. Ein vereinfachtes Wärmeübergangsmodell wurde entwickelt, mit dem gute Übereinstimmungen mit den Messwerten für die Erwärmung und die Abkühlung erzielt werden können.
Squalene in virgin olive oil: Screening of variability in olive cultivars
Authors: Beltrán Gabriel , Bucheli Maria E. , Aguilera Maria P. , Belaj Angjelina , Jimenez Antonio 
Published: November 2015

Twenty‐eight olive cultivars (Olea europaea L.) from the World Olive Germplasm Collection of IFAPA in Cordoba were studied, analyzing the squalene concentration of their virgin olive oils (VOO). Squalene content ranged from 110 to 839 mg/100 g achieving a mean value for the set of olive cultivars of 502 mg/100 g. The high variability observed could be explained only by the genetic component. Five olive cultivar categories were established for the oil squalene concentration when a Hierachical discriminant analysis was performed. Virgin olive oil can be considered an important source of squalene, it may be used also for characterization and discrimination of monovarietal virgin olive oils.Practical applications: Squalene content in virgin olive oil has a genetic component. The variability for Squalene content between monovarietal oils can be used to choose the optimal VOO for nutrition studies. Squalene may be used to discriminate virgin olive oil of an olive cultivar from other monovarietal oils.Virgin Olive Oil squalene content show a significant genetic variability.
5‐Triazolyluracils and Their N1‐Sulfonyl Derivatives: Intriguing Reactivity Differences in the Sulfonation of Triazole N1′‐Substituted and N1′‐Unsubstituted Uracil Molecules
Authors: Saftić Dijana , Vianello Robert , Žinić Biserka 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe describe the synthesis of novel C5‐triazolyl derived N1‐sulfonylpyrimidines through CuI‐catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition followed by sulfonylation of the formed C5‐triazolyl derivatives with various sulfonyl chlorides under basic conditions. In the latter step, an intriguing difference in the reactivity of the pyrimidine N1 was observed that depended on the nature of the substituent at a distant triazole N1′ site. The N1′‐unsubstituted compounds gave very small amounts of sulfonylation products, whereas N1′‐substituted systems produced high yields of the respective N1‐sulfonyl‐5‐(1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)uracils. Computational analysis revealed a close correlation between the strength of the employed base catalysts and their abilities to increase the nucleophilicity of the uracil N1 atom through subsequent deprotonation, leading to more products. Following this step, the phosphazene tBu–P4 superbase was applied in the sulfonylation, resulting in exclusive formation of the triazole N1′‐unsubstituted N1‐sulfonylpyrimidines.
Unexpected Squaramide‐Induced Cleavage of Benzils: Synthesis and Characterization of Mono‐Aroyl Squarimides
Authors: Sanna Elena , López Carlos , Ballester Pablo , Rotger Carmen , Costa Antoni 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe report the reaction of 4,4′‐substituted benzils with squaramides (SQ) affording mono‐squarimides (SQIs). The 1H NMR and X‐ray structures of the SQIs (R = H) revealed the existence of a strong C=O···HN intramolecular hydrogen‐bond motif. The unprecedented reaction between SQs and benzils highlights the difference in reactivity between urea and squaramide units.
Spinel Manganese–Cobalt Oxide on Carbon Nanotubes as Highly Efficient Catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Li Rui , Hu Dengping , Zhang Shule , Zhang Guangyao , Wang Juan , Zhong Qin 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA nanocomposite of MnCo2O4 and N‐doped carbon nanotubes (MnCo2O4/N–CNT) is successfully synthesized using a relatively easy hydrothermal method. The results show that nitrogen is incorporated into the structure of the carbon nanotubes (N–CNT), and the MnCo2O4 nanoparticles are well‐dispersed on the surfaces of CNTs uniformly. The ORR performance of the as‐synthesized MnCo2O4/N–CNTs composite is measured by electrochemical tests. The results reveal that after the introduction of conductive carbon material into the MnCo2O4 nanoparticles, the MnCo2O4/N–CNTs hybrid exhibits high electrocatalytic activity, long‐term stability, and excellent poisoning resistance under neutral conditions, which is due to the strong coupling effect between the MnCo2O4 nanoparticles and the N‐doped carbon nanotubes. Meanwhile, the incorporation of Mn into the spinel structure of Co3O4 also has a positive impact, outperforming Co3O4/N–CNTs in terms of the redox potential.
Antibiotic resistance and multidrug‐resistant efflux pumps expression in lactic acid bacteria isolated from pozol, a nonalcoholic Mayan maize fermented beverage
Authors: Wacher‐Rodarte Maria del Carmen , Trejo‐Muñúzuri Tanya Paulina , Montiel‐Aguirre Jesús Fernando , Drago‐Serrano Maria Elisa , Gutiérrez‐Lucas Raúl L. , Castañeda‐Sánchez Jorge Ismael , Sainz‐Espuñes Teresita 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPozol is a handcrafted nonalcoholic Mayan beverage produced by the spontaneous fermentation of maize dough by lactic acid bacteria. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are carriers of chromosomal encoded multidrug‐resistant efflux pumps genes that can be transferred to pathogens and/or confer resistance to compounds released during the fermentation process causing food spoiling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibiotic sensibility and the transcriptional expression of ABC‐type efflux pumps in LAB isolated from pozol that contributes to multidrug resistance. Analysis of LAB and Staphylococcus (S.) aureus ATCC 29213 and ATCC 6538 control strains to antibiotic susceptibility, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) to ethidium bromide were based in “standard methods” whereas the ethidium bromide efflux assay was done by fluorometric assay. Transcriptional expression of efflux pumps was analyzed by RT‐PCR. LAB showed antibiotic multiresistance profiles, moreover, Lactococcus (L.) lactis and Lactobacillus (L.) plantarum displayed higher ethidium bromide efflux phenotype than S. aureus control strains. Ethidium bromide resistance and ethidium bromide efflux phenotypes were unrelated with the overexpression of lmrD in L. lactics, or the underexpression of lmrA in L. plantarum and norA in S. aureus. These findings suggest that, moreover, the analyzed efflux pumps genes, other unknown redundant mechanisms may underlie the antibiotic resistance and the ethidium bromide efflux phenotype in L. lactis and L. plantarum. Phenotypic and molecular drug multiresistance assessment in LAB may improve a better selection of the fermentation starter cultures used in pozol, and to control the antibiotic resistance widespread and food spoiling for health safety.
Association of homocysteine level and vascular burden and cognitive function in middle‐aged and older adults with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Yeh Yi‐Chun , Huang Mei‐Feng , Hwang Shang‐Jyh , Tsai Jer‐Chia , Liu Tai‐Ling , Hsiao Shih‐Ming , Yang Yi‐Hsin , Kuo Mei‐Chuan , Chen Cheng‐Sheng 
Published: November 2015

ObjectivesPatients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been found to have cognitive impairment. However, the core features and clinical correlates of cognitive impairment are still unclear. Elevated homocysteine levels are present in CKD, and this is a risk factor for cognitive impairment and vascular diseases in the general population. Thus, this study investigated the core domains of cognitive impairment and investigated the associations of homocysteine level and vascular burden with cognitive function in patients with CKD.MethodsPatients with CKD aged ≥ 50 years and age‐ and sex‐matched normal comparisons were enrolled. The total fasting serum homocysteine level was measured. Vascular burden was assessed using the Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Scale. Cognitive function was evaluated using comprehensive neuropsychological tests.ResultsA total of 230 patients with CKD and 92 comparisons completed the study. Memory impairment and executive dysfunction were identified as core features of cognitive impairment in the CKD patients. Among the patients with CKD, higher serum homocysteine levels (β = −0.17, p = 0.035) and higher Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Scale scores (β = −0.18, p = 0.013) were correlated with poor executive function independently. However, an association with memory function was not noted. Our results showed that an elevated homocysteine level and an increased vascular burden were independently associated with executive function, but not memory, in CKD patients.ConclusionsThis findings suggested the co‐existence of vascular and non‐vascular hypotheses regarding executive dysfunction in CKD patients. Meanwhile, other risk factors related to CKD itself should be investigated in the future. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Targeting Social Transfer Programmes: Comparing Design and Implementation Errors Across Alternative Mechanisms
Authors: Sabates‐Wheeler Rachel , Hurrell Alex , Devereux Stephen 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAn innovative cash transfer programme in northern Kenya is the first of its kind to trial three targeting mechanisms to learn about which approach is most effective at identifying the poorest households while minimising inclusion and exclusion errors. Analysing data collected through a randomised controlled trial, we conclude that community‐based targeting is the most accurate of the three approaches, followed by categorical targeting by age and household dependency ratio. However, targeting performance is strongly affected by implementation capacity and modalities. Through a simulation exercise, we show that a proxy means test would have performed better than single categorical indicators. © 2015 UNU‐WIDER. Journal of International Development published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Age of Trauma Onset and HPA Axis Dysregulation Among Trauma‐Exposed Youth
Authors: Kuhlman Kate Ryan , Vargas Ivan , Geiss Elisa G. , Lopez‐Duran Nestor L. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA axis) is a pathway through which childhood trauma may increase risk for negative health outcomes. The HPA axis is sensitive to stress throughout development; however, few studies have examined whether timing of exposure to childhood trauma is related to differences in later HPA axis functioning. Therefore, we examined the association between age of first trauma and HPA axis functioning among adolescents, and whether these associations varied by sex. Parents of 97 youth (aged 9–16 years) completed the Early Trauma Inventory (ETI), and youth completed the Socially‐Evaluated Cold‐Pressor Task (SECPT). We measured salivary cortisol response to the SECPT, the cortisol awakening response, and diurnal regulation at home across 2 consecutive weekdays. Exposure to trauma during infancy related to delayed cortisol recovery from peak responses to acute stress, d = 0.23 to 0.42. Timing of trauma exposure related to diverging patterns of diurnal cortisol regulation for males, d = 0.55, and females, d = 0.57. Therefore, the HPA axis may be susceptible to developing acute stress dysregulation when exposed to trauma during infancy, whereas the consequences within circadian cortisol regulation may occur in the context of later trauma exposure and vary by sex. Further investigations are warranted to characterize HPA axis sensitivity to exposure to childhood trauma across child development.
Topology optimization of thin‐walled box beam structures based on the higher‐order beam theory
Authors: Kim Do‐Min , Kim Suh In , Choi Soomin , Jang Gang‐Won , Kim Yoon Young 
Published: November 2015

SummaryThe investigation aims to formulate ground‐structure based topology optimization approach by using a higher‐order beam theory suitable for thin‐walled box beam structures. While earlier studies use the Timoshenko or Euler beams to form a ground‐structure, they are not suitable for a structure consisting of thin‐walled closed beams. The higher‐order beam theory takes into an additional account sectional deformations of a thin‐walled box beam such as warping and distortion. Therefore, a method to connect ground beams at a joint and a technique to represent different joint connectivity states should be investigated for streamlined topology optimization. Several numerical case studies involving different loading and boundary conditions are considered to show the effectiveness of employing a higher‐order beam theory for the ground‐structure based topology optimization of thin‐walled box beam structures. Through the numerical results, this work shows significant difference between optimized beam layouts based on the Timoshenko beam theory and those based on a more accurate higher‐order beam theory for a structure consisting of thin‐walled box beams. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A two‐level domain decomposition method with accurate interface conditions for the Helmholtz problem
Authors: Astaneh Ali Vaziri , Guddati Murthy N. 
Published: November 2015

SummaryA new and efficient two‐level, non‐overlapping domain decomposition (DD) method is developed for the Helmholtz equation in the two Lagrange multiplier framework. The transmission conditions are designed by utilizing perfectly matched discrete layers (PMDLs), which are a more accurate representation of the exterior Dirichlet‐to‐Neumann map than the polynomial approximations used in the optimized Schwarz method. Another important ingredient affecting the convergence of a DD method, namely, the coarse space augmentation, is also revisited. Specifically, the widely successful approach based on plane waves is modified to that based on interface waves, defined directly on the subdomain boundaries, hence ensuring linear independence and facilitating the estimation of the optimal size for the coarse problem. The effectiveness of both PMDL‐based transmission conditions and interface‐wave‐based coarse space augmentation is illustrated with an array of numerical experiments that include comprehensive scalability studies with respect to frequency, mesh size and the number of subdomains. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evolution of silicon bulk lifetime during III–V‐on‐Si multijunction solar cell epitaxial growth
Authors: García‐Tabarés Elisa , Carlin John A. , Grassman Tyler J. , Martín Diego , Rey‐Stolle Ignacio , Ringel Steven A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe evolution of Si bulk minority carrier lifetime during the heteroepitaxial growth of III–V on Si multijunction solar cell structures via metal‐organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) has been analyzed. In particular, the impact on Si lifetime resulting from the four distinct phases within the overall MOCVD‐based III–V/Si growth process were studied: (1) the Si homoepitaxial emitter/cap layer; (2) GaP heteroepitaxial nucleation; (3) bulk GaP film growth; and (4) thick GaAsyP1‐y compositionally graded metamorphic buffer growth. During Phase 1 (Si homoepitaxy), an approximately two order of magnitude reduction in the Si minority carrier lifetime was observed, from about 450 to ≤1 µs. However, following the GaP nucleation (Phase 2) and thicker film (Phase 3) growths, the lifetime was found to increase by about an order of magnitude. The thick GaAsyP1‐y graded buffer was then found to provide further recovery back to around the initial starting value. The most likely general mechanism behind the observed lifetime evolution is as follows: lifetime degradation during Si homoepitaxy because of the formation of thermally induced defects within the Si bulk, with subsequent lifetime recovery due to passivation by fast‐diffusing atomic hydrogen coming from precursor pyrolysis, especially the group‐V hydrides (PH3, AsH3), during the III–V growth. These results indicate that the MOCVD growth methodology used to create these target III–V/Si solar cell structures has a substantial and dynamic impact on the minority carrier lifetime within the Si substrate. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modular polymer biosensors by solvent immersion imprint lithography
Authors: Moore Jayven S. , Xantheas Sotiris S. , Grate Jay W. , Wietsma Thomas W. , Gratton Enrico , Vasdekis Andreas E. 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTWe recently demonstrated Solvent Immersion Imprint Lithography (SIIL), a rapid benchtop microsystem prototyping technique, including polymer functionalization, imprinting and bonding. Here, we focus on the realization of planar polymer sensors using SIIL through simple solvent immersion without imprinting. We describe SIIL's impregnation characteristics, including an inherent mechanism that not only achieves practical doping concentrations, but their unexpected 2‐fold enhancement compared to the immersion solution. Subsequently, we developed and characterized optical sensors for detecting molecular O2. To this end, a substantially high dynamic range is reported, including its control through the immersion duration, a manifestation of SIIL's modularity. Overall, SIIL exhibits the potential of improving the operating characteristics of polymer sensors, while significantly accelerating their prototyping, as it requires a few seconds of processing and no need for substrates or dedicated instrumentation. These are critical for O2 sensing as probed by way of example here, as well as any polymer permeable reactant. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016, 54, 98–103
Fatalism, medical mistrust, and pretreatment health‐related quality of life in ethnically diverse prostate cancer patients
Authors: Bustillo Natalie Escobio , McGinty Heather L. , Dahn Jason R. , Yanez Betina , Antoni Michael H. , Kava Bruce R. , Penedo Frank J. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractObjectiveFew studies have examined the impact of cultural processes prevalent in minority ethnic groups such as cancer fatalism and medical mistrust on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) following a cancer diagnosis. The present study examined relationships among ethnicity, HRQoL, and two possible cultural vulnerability factors—fatalistic attitudes and medical mistrust—among an ethnically diverse sample of men with prostate cancer (PC) prior to undergoing active treatment.MethodsA total of 268 men with localized PC (30% African American, 29% Hispanic, and 41% non‐Hispanic White) were assessed cross‐sectionally prior to active treatment. Path analyses examined relationships among ethnicity, vulnerability factors, and HRQoL.ResultsEthnicity was not related to HRQoL after controlling for relevant covariates. Hispanic men reported greater cancer fatalism compared with non‐Hispanic White men (β = 0.15, p = 0.03), and both Hispanics (β = 0.19, p < 0.01) and African Americans (β = 0.20, p < 0.01) reported greater medical mistrust than non‐Hispanic Whites. Fatalism demonstrated a trend toward negatively impacting physical well‐being (β = −0.12, p = 0.06), but was not significantly related to emotional well‐being (β = −0.10, p = 0.11). Greater medical mistrust was associated with poorer physical (β = −0.14, p = 0.03) and emotional well‐being (β = −0.13, p = 0.04).ConclusionsResults indicate that fatalistic attitudes and medical system mistrust were more prevalent among minority men. Less trust in the medical system was associated with poorer physical and emotional well‐being. Attention to perceptions of the healthcare system and its relation to HRQoL may have implications for targeting culturally driven attitudes that may compromise adjustment to a PC diagnosis.Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.