bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New spence difference sets
Authors: Davis James A. , Polhill John , Smith Ken , Swartz Eric , Webster Jordan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSpence [9] constructed $$\left( \frac{3^{d+1}(3^{d+1}-1)}{2}, \frac{3^d(3^{d+1}+1)}{2}, \frac{3^d(3^d+1)}{2}\right) $$

3

d
+
1

(

3

d
+
1

-
1
)

2

,

3
d

(

3

d
+
1

+
1
)

2

,

3
d

(

3
d

+
1
)

2

-difference sets in groups $$K \times C_3^{d+1}$$

K
×

C
3

d
+
1

for d any positive integer and K any group of order $$\frac{3^{d+1}-1}{2}$$

3

d
+
1

-
1

2

. Smith and Webster [8] have exhaustively studied the $$d=1$$

d
=
1

case without requiring that the group have the form listed above and found many constructions. Among these, one intriguing example constructs Spence difference sets in $$A_4 \times C_3$$

A
4

×

C
3

by using (3, 3, 3, 1)-relative difference sets in a non-normal subgroup isomorphic to $$C_3^2$$

C
3
2

. Drisko [3] has a note implying that his techniques allow constructions of Spence difference sets in groups with a noncentral normal subgroup isomorphic to $$C_3^{d+1}$$

C
3

d
+
1

as long as $$\frac{3^{d+1}-1}{2}$$

3

d
+
1

-
1

2

is a prime power. We generalize this result by constructing Spence difference sets in similar families of groups, but we drop the requirement that $$\frac{3^{d+1}-1}{2}$$

3

d
+
1

-
1

2

is a prime power. We conjecture that any group of order $$\frac{3^{d+1}(3^{d+1}-1)}{2}$$

3

d
+
1

(

3

d
+
1

-
1
)

2

with a normal subgroup isomorphic to $$C_3^{d+1}$$

C
3

d
+
1

will have a Spence difference set (this is analogous to Dillon’s conjecture in 2-groups, and that result was proved in Drisko’s work). Finally, we present the first known example of a Spence difference set in a group where the Sylow 3-subgroup is nonabelian and has exponent bigger than 3. This new construction, found by computing the full automorphism group $$\textrm{Aut}(\mathcal {D})$$

Aut
(
D
)

of a symmetric design associated to a known Spence difference set and identifying a regular subgroup of $$\textrm{Aut}(\mathcal {D})$$

Aut
(
D
)

, uses (3, 3, 3, 1)-relative difference sets to describe the difference set.
Nile tilapia and gilthead seabream dietary self-selection of alternative feeds
Authors: Mendes Rodrigo , Conceição Luís E. C. , Dias Jorge , Engrola Sofia , Sánchez-Vázquez Francisco J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractClassical assessments of new fish feeds are anthropocentric, focusing mainly on growth. Although this methodology is accurate, it does not consider the fish’ perspective. This study aimed to investigate the behavioural responses and feed preferences of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) through a self-selection trial using self-feeders. Both species were offered three feeds: a control (PD) commercial-like feed and two diets (ORG1 and ORG2) formulated with different inclusions of alternative ingredients to address some of the current environmental concerns and/or ethical issues often associated with commercial formulations. Three groups of tilapia with an average weight of 163.0 g ± 4.3 g (mean ± SD) and four groups of seabreams with 174.7 g ± 27.0 g were tested. Tilapia exhibited a preference for ORG2 (46.5%), influenced by the sensory properties of the feed and post-ingestion signals. Seabream did not show a preference for any feed. These findings highlight the effectiveness of self-selection experiments in allowing fish to express their feeding behaviour and preferences. Therefore, this approach should be considered in the initial screening and design of new aquaculture feeds and ingredients.
Efficacy and safety of infliximab and adalimumab in inflammatory bowel disease patients
Authors: Kamal Mahmoud E. , Werida Rehab H. , Radwan Mahasen A. , Askar Safaa R. , Omran Gamal A. , El-Mohamdy Marwa A. , Hagag Radwa S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), consists of two primary types: Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn’s Disease (CD). Infliximab (IFX) and Adalimumab (ADA) are frequently utilized in the management of moderate to severe cases of IBD.

Aim
This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of IFX and ADA in individuals diagnosed with moderate to severe IBD.

Method
This study is a prospective open-labeled randomized parallel study that included moderate to severe IBD patients treated with either IFX or ADA. A total of 56 patients participated, with 34 patients received IFX and 22 patients received ADA. Various measures, including Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI), Mayo Score/ Disease Activity Index (DAI), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, were taken at baseline and week 14 to assess the efficacy of the treatments. In addition, the levels of drugs and sTREM-1 were measured at 14 weeks. Patient safety was monitored throughout the study period.

Results
In the group received IFX, there was a notable decrease in CDAI (P = 0.045), DAI (P = 0.026), and CRP (P = 0.023 for CD, and P = 0.021 for UC) levels. In addition, the group received ADA experienced a significant reduction in CDAI (P = 0.001), DAI (P = 0.032), and CRP (P < 0.018 for CD and P = 0.003 for UC) levels. Responders had higher drug concentrations than non-responders, notably IFX concentration was higher in responders with CD (P = 0.001) and UC (P < 0.001). ADA concentration was higher in UC (P <= 0.001) and all CD patients responded to the treatment. The same trend was observed for sTREM-1 levels in CD and UC patients (P = 0.042, and P = 0.015, respectively) in the IFX group. In UC patients treated with ADA, the level of sTREM-1 was significantly low (P = 0.002).

Conclusion
Both IFX and ADA have a good safety profile and deliver a beneficial clinical and laboratory response in moderate-severe IBD patients.

Clinical Trial Registration
This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier NCT05291039. (You can access the study at https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05291039 (First Posted: March 22, 2022).
Utilizing Laser-Induced Fluorescence to Evaluate the Efficiency of Carbon Dioxide and Diode Lasers in Dentin Sealing after Tooth Preparation: An in-vitro Study
Authors: Abo-ELsouood Asmaa K. , Moharrum Haythem S. , Zaky Ahmed Abbas , Hamdy Omnia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAdhesive dentistry has made it feasible to design restorations with high aesthetic qualities and little invasiveness. However, the freshly cut dentin after the tooth preparation needs to be sealed to prevent its contaminations, bacterial leakage, and hypersensitivity. Consequently, the immediate dentin sealing (IDS) method has been advised. This study examines different dentinal tubule sealing methods via CO2 laser, diode laser (980-nm) and a two-step self-etch adhesive system applied directly to the fresh cut dentin preceding the placement of the provisional phase. The sealing efficiency of each laser and bond system was evaluated based on the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) properties and image analysis by scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the obtained LIF spectra were evaluated using partial least square progression. A two-step adhesive containing a high concentration of S-PRG fillers produced a thick layer that was not perfectly uniform at all sites due to uneven filler distribution in the bond with totally and partially closed dentinal tubules. However, the peaks of the LIF spectra dropped after applying laser because of its sealing effectiveness. Accordingly, CO2 and diode lasers have strong evidence in dentinal tubule sealing and a definitive treatment modality for dentinal hypersensitivity. Moreover, IDS with an adhesive system is superior in occluding dentinal tubules in a biomimetic manner based on its filler content and bioactive properties.
Solving an electrically conducting nanofluid over an impermeable stretching cylinder problem with a spectral reproducing kernel method
Authors: Foroutan M. R. , Hashemi M. S. , Rezapour Shahram , Inc Mustafa , Habibi F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a nonlinear mechanical system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with multi-point boundary conditions is considered by a novel type of reproducing kernel Hilbert space method (RKHSM). To begin, we define the unknown variables in terms of the reproducing kernel function. The roots of the Shifted Chebyshev polynomials (SCPs) are then utilized to collocate the resulting system. Finally, Newton’s iterative method is employed to find the unknown expansion coefficients. The solutions of this system of equations, which arise from the flow of an electrically conducting nanofluid over an impermeable stretching cylinder, are numerically analyzed, and convergence analysis is discussed to demonstrate the reliability of the presented method (PM). Tables and figures are provided to further discuss the solutions and assess the effectiveness of the method in comparison to other techniques in the literature.
Nitrogen fertilisation reduces the contribution of root-derived carbon to mineral-associated organic matter formation at low and high defoliation frequencies in a grassland soil
Authors: Bicharanloo Bahareh , Bagheri Shirvan Milad , Cavagnaro Timothy R. , Keitel Claudia , Dijkstra Feike A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background and aims
Rhizodeposition is organic matter released by living plant roots that can be transformed by microbes into particulate organic matter (POM), but that can also become more stable through the adsorption of organic matter onto soil minerals (mineral-associated organic matter, MAOM), thereby playing an important role in mitigating climate change. We examined how root-derived carbon (C) as a proxy for rhizodeposition contributed to POM and MAOM formation in a grassland affected by nitrogen (N) fertilisation and defoliation frequency, and to what degree rhizodeposition was incorporated into microbial biomass.

Methods
We applied N fertiliser (0 vs. 40 kg N ha−1 yr−1) and defoliation frequencies (3–4 vs. 6–8 clipping events year−1, simulating low and high grazing intensity) for three years, then used a 13CO2 pulse labelling technique to examine the incorporation of rhizodeposition into microbial biomass, POM and MAOM fractions.

Results
With N fertilisation, rhizodeposition contributed less to the formation of MAOM compared to the formation of POM, while defoliation frequency decreased the contribution of rhizodeposition into both POM and MAOM, particularly with N fertilisation. Although the MAOM fraction was relatively rich in N (C: N ratio of 10.5 vs. 13.5 for POM), our results suggest that adding inorganic N promoted the formation of POM more than of MAOM from rhizodeposition.

Conclusion
A large proportion of rhizodeposition was taken up by microbes that eventually could contribute to POM and MAOM formation. Our results provide insightful information regarding the stabilisation of rhizodeposition into different soil organic matter pools.
Mcti: mixed-criticality task-based isolation
Authors: Hoornaert Denis , Ghaemi Golsana , Bastoni Andrea , Mancuso Renato , Caccamo Marco , Corradi Giulio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe ever-increasing demand for high performance in the time-critical, low-power embedded domain drives the adoption of powerful but unpredictable, heterogeneous Systems-on-Chip. On these platforms, the main source of unpredictability—the shared memory subsystem—has been widely studied, and several approaches to mitigate undesired effects have been proposed over the years. Among them, performance-counter-based regulation methods have proved particularly successful. Unfortunately, such regulation methods require precise knowledge of each task’s memory consumption and cannot be extended to isolate mixed-criticality tasks running on the same core as the regulation budget is shared. Moreover, the desirable combination of these methodologies with well-known time-isolation techniques—such as server-based reservations—is still an uncharted territory and lacks a precise characterization of possible benefits and limitations. Recognizing the importance of such consolidation for designing predictable real-time systems, we introduce MCTI (Mixed-Criticality Task-based Isolation) as a first initial step in this direction. MCTI is a hardware/software co-design architecture that aims to improve both CPU and memory isolations among tasks with different criticalities even when they share the same CPU. In order to ascertain the correct behavior and distill the benefits of MCTI, we implemented and tested the proposed prototype architecture on a widely available off-the-shelf platform. The evaluation of our prototype shows that (1) MCTI helps shield critical tasks from concurrent non-critical tasks sharing the same memory budget, with only a limited increase in response time being observed, and (2) critical tasks running under memory stress exhibit an average response time close to that achieved when running without memory stress.
Why the use of domain-specific modeling in airworthy software requires new methods and how these might look like? (extended version)
Authors: Tietz Vanessa , Frey Constantin , Waldvogel Andreas , Schoepf Julian , Annighoefer Bjoern 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe use of domain-specific modeling (DSM) in safety-critical avionics is rare, even though the ever-increasing complexity of avionics systems makes the use of DSM reasonable. DSM shows its advantage especially in capturing complex systems, data and relationships. The reason for the limited use in the (safety-critical) avionics area is mainly due to the high demands on the safety of software and systems. Everything that is to be used in flight operations and development must undergo a rigorous and complex certification process. Any data used in operations must be verified. A reduction of this effort can be achieved using qualified tools. A qualified tool can either replace or support certification activities. This article elaborates different use cases of how DSM could be used in relation to airworthy software. For those use cases, we review the effort of a certification and retrieve the major shortcomings and showstoppers of available frameworks, e.g. infeasible qualification of DSM runtimes and the unavailability of qualification artifacts. Finally, we elaborate possible ways of mitigation and show the concept and first results of a new DSM framework for airworthy applications, called DOMAINES. DOMAINES covers deterministic meta-modeling up to graph-based model transformations and verified visual editing. The concept of DOMAINES and a first functional prototype are presented that indicate that the shortcomings can be mitigated.
Pilot-scale microalgae cultivation and wastewater treatment using high-rate ponds: a meta-analysis
Authors: Velásquez-Orta Sharon B. , Yáñez-Noguez Isaura , Ramírez Ignacio Monje , Ledesma María Teresa Orta 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicroalgae cultivation in wastewater has been widely researched under laboratory conditions as per its potential to couple treatment with biomass production. Currently, only a limited number of published articles consider outdoor and long-term microalgae-bacteria cultivations in real wastewater environmental systems. The scope of this work is to describe microalgal cultivation steps towards high-rate algal pond (HRAP) scalability and identify key parameters that play a major role for biomass productivity under outdoor conditions and long-term cultivations. Reviewed pilot-scale HRAP literature is analysed using multivariate analysis to highlight key productivity parameters within environmental and operational factors. Wastewater treatment analysis indicated that HRAP can effectively remove 90% of NH4+, 70% of COD, and 50% of PO43−. Mean reference values of 210 W m−2 for irradiation, 18 °C for temperature, pH of 8.2, and HRT of 7.7 are derived from pilot-scale cultivations. Microalgae biomass productivity at a large scale is governed by solar radiation and NH4+ concentration, which are more important than retention time variations within investigated studies. Hence, selecting the correct type of location and a minimum of 70 mg L−1 of NH4+ in wastewater will have the greatest effect in microalgae productivity. A high nutrient wastewater content increases final biomass concentrations but not necessarily biomass productivity. Pilot-scale growth rates (~ 0.54 day−1) are half those observed in lab experiments, indicating a scaling-up bottleneck. Microalgae cultivation in wastewater enables a circular bioeconomy framework by unlocking microalgal biomass for the delivery of an array of products.
Graphical Abstract
Use of Electron Beam-Induced Current Technique to Characterize Transport Properties of Narrow-Gap-Energy Materials for IR Detection
Authors: Bustillos Vasco Samantha , Baier Nicolas , Lobre Clément , Cervera Cyril , Péré-Laperne Nicolas , Evirgen Axel , Gravrand Olivier 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe electron beam-induced current technique (EBIC) developed at CEA-Leti has been a valuable tool for studying the transport properties of minority carriers in HdCdTe. Indeed, previous work has demonstrated the use of this technique for estimating diffusion length from the exponential decay of EBIC as a function of junction distance, as well as direct measurement of the modulation transfer function (MTF) of small pixel pitch diodes. In this work, a modulated electron beam and a lock-in amplifier are used to measure the variation in current and phase shift with the scan distance to the junction. This work is focused on the estimation of the minority carrier lifetime from the linear evolution of the phase shift as a function of junction distance.
Psychosocial distress after radical prostatectomy, radical cystectomy, or (partial) nephrectomy – a comprehensive analysis of 4,290 German cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bahlburg Henning , Rausch Patricia , Tully Karl Heinrich , Berg Sebastian , Noldus Joachim , Butea-Bocu Marius Cristian , Beyer Burkhard , Müller Guido 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aim
To evaluate and identify predictors of psychosocial distress (PD) in patients after surgical treatment for prostate cancer (PC), bladder cancer (BC), or kidney cancer (KC) during the COVID-19 pandemic in a large, multi-institutional cohort.

Material and methods
Patients undergoing inpatient rehabilitation (IR) after radical prostatectomy (RP), radical cystectomy (RC), or (partial) nephrectomy in one IR center in 2021 were included. PD was evaluated by the Questionnaire on Stress in Cancer Patients (QSC–R23) at the beginning (T1) and the end (T2) of IR. Regression analyses were performed to identify disease-specific predictors for high PD.

Results
A total of 4,290 patients (3,413 after RP, 563 after RC, 314 after (partial) nephrectomy) were included in this study. Median PD decreased significantly during IR across all tumor entities (each p < 0.001). The number of PC and BC patients suffering from high PD decreased significantly (each p < 0.001), but not in KC patients (p = 0.310). Younger age independently predicts high PD in all three malignancies, while additionally positive surgical margins (p = 0.016), ileal conduit (IC; p < 0.001), and nephrectomy (p = 0.032) independently predict high PD in PC, BC, and KC patients, respectively. During the Covid-19 pandemic the demand for individual psycho-oncologic counseling increased significantly in PC (p = 0.03) and KC (p = 0.001) patients.

Conclusion
Younger age independently predicts high PD in the three main urological malignancies. Positive surgical margins in PCa, IC in BCa, and nephrectomy in KC are disease-specific independent predictors for high PD in the early period after surgical treatment.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Disease-specific predictors for high PD may help clinicians identify patients at risk and may guide timely referrals to psycho-oncologic counseling in the early period after uro-oncologic surgery.
“Textbook outcome(s)” in colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mac Curtain Benjamin M. , Qian Wanyang , O’Mahony Aaron , Deshwal Avinash , Mac Curtain Reuben D. , Temperley Hugo C. , Sullivan Niall O. , Ng Zi Qin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Textbook outcome (TO) is a composite measure used in surgery to evaluate post operative outcomes. No review has synthesised the evidence in relation to TO regarding the elements surgeons are utilising to inform their TO composite measure and the rates of TO achieved.

Methods
Our systematic review and meta analysis was conducted in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane central registry of controlled trials were searched up to 8th November 2023. Pooled proportions of TO, clinical factors considered and risk factors in relation to TO are reported.

Results
Fifteen studies with 301,502 patients were included in our systematic review while fourteen studies comprising of 247,843 patients were included in our meta-analysis. Pooled rates of TO achieved were 55% with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 54–55%. When stratified by elective versus mixed case load, rates were 56% (95% CI 49–62) and 54% (95% CI 50–58), respectively. Studies reported differing definitions of TO. Reported predictors of achieving TO include age, left sided surgery and elective nature.

Conclusions
TO is achieved, on average in 55% of reported cases and it may predict short and long term post operative patient outcomes. This study did not detect a difference in rates between elective versus mixed case load TO proportions. There is no standardised definition in use of TO. Standardisation of the composite is likely required to enable meaning comparison using TO in the future and a Delphi consensus is warranted.
Mathematics teaching, learning, and assessment in the digital age
Authors: Weigand Hans-Georg , Trgalova Jana , Tabach Michal 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe role of teaching, learning, and assessment with digital technology has become increasingly prominent in mathematics education. This survey paper provides an overview of how technology has been transforming teaching, learning, and assessment in mathematics education in the digital age and suggests how the field will evolve in the coming years. Based on several decades of research and educational practices, we discuss and anticipate the multifaceted impact of technology on mathematics education, thus laying the groundwork for the other papers in this issue. After a brief introduction discussing the motivations for this issue, we focus our attention on three lines of research: teaching mathematics with technology, learning mathematics with technology, and assessment with technology. We point to new research orientations that address the issue of teaching with technology, specifically describing attempts to conceptualise teachers’ mathematical and digital competencies, perspectives that view teachers as designers of digital resources, and the design and evaluation of long-term initiatives to support teachers as they develop innovative teaching practices enhanced by digital technologies. Our examination shows that learning with technology is still marked by new conceptualizations raised by researchers that can further our understanding of this complex issue. These conceptualizations support the recognition that multiple resources, ranging from paper and pencil to augmented reality, participate in the learning process. Finally, assessment with technology, especially in the formative sense, offers new possibilities for offering individualised support for learners that can benefit from adaptive systems, though more tasks for conceptual understanding need to be developed.