bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The color systematics of volcanic ashfall samples in estimating eruption sequences: a case study of the 2017–2018 eruption at Shinmoe-dake, Kirishima volcano, Southwest Japan
Authors: Shimano Taketo , Suzuki Yuki , Yasuda Atsushi , Maeno Fukashi , Miwa Takahiro , Nagai Masashi , Nakada Setsuya , Nakamura Michihiko 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe color of pyroclasts is fundamental, because it reflects various magma properties and eruption processes, including particle morphology, chemistry, and petrological characteristics. However, deriving the componentry ratio (CR) of pyroclasts for ongoing eruption monitoring remains challenging due to the lack of a robust quantitative standard. The derivation of the CR, as well as other petrological analyses, is too laborious and time-consuming to introduce as a sustainable monitoring method. To address this, we employed spectroscopic colorimetry to rapidly and quantitatively describe eruptive product colors, enabling CR derivation based on clear, objective standards for ash particle classification. Through color spectroscopy of bulk and sieved ash samples, we analyzed the major size fraction for time-series samples during the waxing stage of the 2017–2018 Shinmoe-dake eruption in Kirishima volcano, Southwest Japan. Our findings reveal that the color changes in bulk ash systematically changed with the evolution of componentry. This temporal color change was due to an increase in the amount of vesicular particles with clear glass against dark angular lava particles, as well as a grain size change, which we interpret as an indication of a transition from phreatic/phreatomagmatic to magmatic eruption. Subsequently, the color of the ash changed when the amount of different lava particles increased gradually, coinciding with a shift toward a more dominant effusion of lava. As the lava effusion continued, a slight reddening of the ash, indiscernible to the naked eye, was clearly detected by the spectrometer before the onset of intermittent Vulcanian eruptions. We interpreted this reddening as oxidation resulting from decreased ascent speed and caprock formation, which accumulates overpressure for Vulcanian explosions. These results highlight the potential of rapid, objective color value and componentry derivation for sustainable quasi-real-time monitoring of ongoing eruption materials.

Graphical Abstract
Solving the puzzle of the 1996 Biak, Indonesia tsunami
Authors: Pandadaran Sidiq Hargo , Yanagisawa Hideaki , Shibazaki Bunichiro , Fujii Yushiro , Miyagi Toyohiko , Gold David Patrick 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOn February 17, 1996, an earthquake ($${M}_{\text{w}}=$$

M
w

=

8.2) occurred northeast of Biak Island, Indonesia, and generated a tsunami. Interestingly, the tsunami runup on the southwest side of Biak Island, which did not face the epicenter, was higher than that on the side of the island facing the epicenter. It was earlier suggested that the earthquake triggered submarine landslides. However, this hypothesis remains unexplored and unconfirmed. In this study, tsunami arrival times obtained from eyewitness accounts were used to perform backward tsunami travel time modeling. Based on the backward tsunami travel time results and multibeam bathymetry, five submarine landslide candidates were identified: three located to the southwest of Biak Island and two to the south of the island. Our analysis indicates that tsunamis from a large submarine landslide off the southwest coast of Biak Island (SL 2) and a small submarine landslide off the south side of Biak Island (SL 4) contributed to the 1996 Biak tsunami event and came earlier than the main tsunami from the earthquake fault. Tsunami sources were earlier modeled only by fault parameters without considering submarine landslide sources. As a result, the models could not explain the observed runup and eyewitness tsunami arrival times for the southwest and south of Biak Island. To address this problem, we propose an approach that combines a submarine landslide model with a modified version of a previously proposed fault model. Our combined model explains the observed runup and eyewitness tsunami arrival times well (Aida’s index values of the model are K = 1.00 and $$\kappa$$
κ
= 1.44).
Graphical abstract
Assessing four decades of fire behavior dynamics in the Cerrado biome (1985 to 2022)
Authors: da Silva Arruda Vera Laísa , Alencar Ane Auxiliadora Costa , de Carvalho Júnior Osmar Abílio , de Figueiredo Ribeiro Fernanda , de Arruda Filipe Viegas , Conciani Dhemerson Estevão , da Silva Wallace Vieira , Shimbo Julia Zanin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Fire significantly transforms ecology and landscapes worldwide, impacting carbon cycling, species interactions, and ecosystem functions. In the Brazilian Cerrado, a fire-dependent savanna, the interaction between fire, society, and the environment is evident. Given that wildfires significantly contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, our study aimed to analyze four decades of burned area data to understand changes in fire dynamics, using Collection 2 of annual MapBiomas Fire maps (1985 to 2022). Our study examined spatiotemporal patterns, fire recurrence, fire distribution across land uses, temporal changes in fire scar size, burned area variations across ecoregions, and their correlation with farming areas.

Results
From 1985 to 2022, fire impacted 40% (792,204 km2) of the Cerrado biome, with 63% burning more than once. Natural vegetation was the most affected, primarily due to human-driven ignition during the dry season. A noticeable trend of later peaks in fire activity, concentrated towards the end of the dry season, along with an increase in patch size over time, characterized a clear shift in the Cerrado fire regime. Recently, the MATOPIBA region and the northern biome exhibited significant fire clusters, with burned areas rising alongside farming expansion. The ecoregion-based analysis identified fire hotspots, with the "Bananal" ecoregion, the largest wetland area in the biome, exhibiting increased fire recurrence and larger patch size over time.

Conclusions
Our four-decade analysis of fire dynamics in the Cerrado revealed human-induced changes in the fire regime, originally shifting from July to September to a new fire season from August to October. This shift poses several environmental threats given their overlap with the driest months of the year. This study improved our understanding of changes in fire patterns and their impacts on each ecoregion and land use. Wetlands experienced the highest relative burned area, highlighting their ecological importance and increased vulnerability. In the southern Cerrado, where farming is established and natural vegetation more fragmented, fire events tend to decrease; while in the north, with recent farming expansion, fire susceptibility rises. Conservation-oriented strategies, like the Brazilian Integrated Fire Management (MIF), are crucial for mitigating impacts while enhancing the Cerrado’s resilience to climate change.
The Association Between Obesity and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Epidemiologic Study of Observational Data
Authors: Amiri Mina , Hatoum Sana , Hopkins Dawnkimberly , Buyalos Richard P , Ezeh Uche , Pace Lauren A , Bril Fernando , Sheidaei Ali , Azziz Ricardo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common female cardiometabolic-reproductive disorder. It is unclear whether the global obesity epidemic is impacting the high PCOS prevalence.

Objective
To determine the association between the prevalence of PCOS and obesity.

Materials and methods
A systematic review was conducted to identify population studies on PCOS prevalence globally through July 2023. Linear regression and random-effect models were applied to examine the association of mean body mass index (BMI) or obesity prevalence with the prevalence of PCOS diagnosed by 1990 National Institutes of Health (NIH), 2003 Rotterdam (Rotterdam), and 2006 Androgen Excess-PCOS (AE-PCOS) criteria. Subgroup analyses were also conducted for recruitment methods and study quality.

Results
Fifty-eight studies with 85 956 adults from 24 countries were included. Considering all available data, a borderline association was observed between PCOS and obesity prevalence when using the AE-PCOS but not the NIH or Rotterdam criteria. Alternatively, subgroup analysis of studies with better recruitment methods demonstrated a significant positive association of population mean BMI or obesity prevalence with PCOS prevalence when using the Rotterdam or AE-PCOS criteria, while using only high-quality studies revealed an association using NIH as well as Rotterdam and AE-PCOS criteria. Overall, we observed that a 1% increase in obesity prevalence resulted in an approximately 0.4% increase in PCOS prevalence by the Rotterdam criteria.

Conclusion
The prevalences of PCOS and obesity appear to be modestly associated, although our data cannot establish causality. This study also emphasizes the need to undertake only high-quality studies in assessing PCOS epidemiology
From fangs to antidotes: A scoping review on snakebite burden, species, and antivenoms in the Eastern Mediterranean Region
Authors: Alshalah Ali , Williams David J. , Ferrario Alessandra 
Published: July 2024

Background
Snake bites cause considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet evidence from low- and middle-income countries remains fragmented. This is particularly the case in Eastern Mediterranean Region where available data on snake bites is relatively weak. Without reliable data, it is difficult to make the case for greater visibility and investment to address the snakebite burden in this Region. A scoping review was therefore conducted to summarize evidence on snake bites in countries of the Eastern Mediterranean.

Methodology/principal findings
The review employed manual and electronic searching methods of four databases plus Google Scholar, ultimately including 196 records from 20 countries published between 2000 and 2023. More than half originated from Iran, Morocco, and Pakistan. Many records lacked information on permanent sequalae, disability, snake species, and types and sources of antivenoms. When identified, offending snakes belonged to 30 species. Use of more than 12 types of antivenoms were described across the Region, and some were not specific to indigenous species.

Conclusion/significance
Despite the relatively large number of publications identified, the data were concentrated in just a few countries in the Region, and there was little or no information available for the remainder. As is the case worldwide, disability associated with snake bites was poorly characterized and quantified across the Region. There is an urgent need for concrete action at national and regional levels to enhance epidemiological surveillance, research, and the collection of clinical, disability and outcomes data to inform policy and public health investment. Greater regional cooperation and collaboration is also crucial for addressing this neglected disease throughout the Region.
Immunosuppression for adult steroid-dependent or frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wong Zhi Yong , Teo Chiu Yee , Fiona Wong Yan Qi , Ng Ka Ting , Lim Soo Kun 
Published: July 2024

Objective
There is limited evidence on which immunosuppressive agents produce the best outcomes for adult patients with steroid-dependent or frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (SDNS/FRNS). This review compares the remission rate and adverse effects of various immunosuppressants used.

Methods
Studies of adult patients with biopsy-proven SDNS/FRNS, administered any immunosuppressive agents and reported complete remission results as one of the clinical outcomes were included. Articles were independently screened by two researchers. ROBINS-I was used for risk of bias assessment. Random-effects model was used for statistical analysis and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Results
574 patients across 28 studies were included in the analysis. Patients receiving rituximab have a complete remission rate of 89% (95% CI = 83% to 94%; τ2 = 0.0070; I2 = 62%; overall p < 0.01, low certainty) and adverse event rate of 0.26, cyclosporine (CR 40%; 95% CI = 21% to 59%; τ2 = 0.0205; I2 = 55%; overall p = 0.08, low certainty), tacrolimus (CR 84%; 95% CI = 70% to 98%; τ2 = 0.0060; I2 = 33%; overall p = 0.21, moderate certainty), mycophenolate mofetil (CR 82%; 95% CI = 74% to 90%; τ2 < 0.0001; I2 = 15%; overall p = 0.32, moderate certainty) and cyclophosphamide (CR 79%; 95% CI = 69% to 89%; τ2 = 0; I2 = 0%; overall p = 0.52, moderate certainty).

Conclusion
Among the commonly used immunosuppressive agents, only rituximab has a statistically significant effect in achieving complete remission among patients with SDNS/FRNS and has a relatively good safety profile, but this is limited by low quality of evidence with high degree of heterogeneity causing a lack of statistical power.
Sources of stress, coping strategies and associated factors among Vietnamese first-year medical students
Authors: Nguyen Tan , Pu Christy , Waits Alexander , Tran Tuan D. , Balhara Yatan Pal Singh , Huynh Quynh Thi Vu , Huang Song-Lih 
Published: July 2024

Objectives
This study aims to examine the sources of stress among first-year medical students; the frequency of their coping strategies; the factors associated with specific stressors and specific coping strategies adopted by the participants.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study with 409 first-year students at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam. The Vietnamese versions of the Higher Education Stress Inventory (V_HESI) and Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (V_Brief COPE) were validated and were used as measurement instruments for participants’ sources of stress and coping strategies frequencies. The survey comprised questions of socioeconomic status, stress-related issues, the six sources of stress (using the V_HESI), and the nine coping strategies (using the V_Brief COPE).

Results
Among the six sources of stress, “Worries about future competence/endurance” had the highest mean score (3.02±0.64), while “Mismatch in professional role expectations” had the lowest score (1.60±0.53). “Financial concerns” and “Academic workloads” were also significant sources of stress. Regarding coping strategies, Self-distraction was most frequently adopted by the participants (2.80 ± 0.68). Problem-solving (2.72±0.53) and seeking Social support (2.62±0.70) were also common adaptive strategies. Avoidance (1.87±0.55) and substance-use (1.27±0.55) were the least frequent strategies. Students who experienced acute stress event were more likely to have financial concerns compared to others. Substance use was positively associated with stressors from “Mismatch in professional role expectations”, “Non-supportive educational environment”, “Having physical issues” and “Having part-time job”. Self-blame was more frequent among students with “Worries about future competence/endurance”, “Financial concerns”, and “Academic workload”. Male student tended to adopt humor strategy (β = 0.19, p = 0.02), while less likely to utilize religious practices (β = -0.21, p = 0.01).

Conclusions
Two-thirds of the participants reported moderate to high levels of stress. “Worries about future competence/endurance” was the most concerned stressor, followed by “Academic workload”, and “Financial concerns”. The first-year medical students reported high frequency of utilization “Self-distraction”, “Problem-solving” and “Social support” when confronting stress. The findings may help inform the school management to better support students’ well-being.
Sexual dysfunction among people with mental illness in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis study
Authors: Fentahun Setegn , Melkam Mamaru , Tadesse Gebresilassie , Rtbey Gidey , Andualem Fantahun , Wassie Yilkal Abebaw , Geremew Gebremariam Wulie , Alemayehu Tekletsadik Tekleslassie , Haile Tewodros Denekew , Godana Tilahun Nega , Mengistie Berihun Agegn , Kelebie Mulualem , Nakie Girum , Tinsae Techilo , Takelle Girmaw Medfu 
Published: July 2024

Background
Sexual dysfunction is the most frequent health problem among psychiatric patients. This could be the result of both the nature of the illness itself and the side effects of prescribed psychotropic medications. It also significantly affects an individual’s general well-being, interpersonal relationships, self-esteem, and treatment outcomes. Therefore, the current systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the combined prevalence of sexual dysfunction and its correlated factors among people with mental illness.

Methods
We retrieved eligible primary studies using various search databases like PubMed, EMBASE, Science Direct, African Journal Online, Google Scholar, and Psychiatry Online. The report of this systematic review was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We used standardized data extraction checklists and STATA version 14 for data extraction and analysis, respectively. The I-squared statistics test was used to check statistical heterogeneity within the included articles. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and the Egger test. To estimate the overall prevalence and correlated factors of sexual dysfunction, a random effects model meta-analysis was employed.

Results
In this meta-analysis, a total of 15 primary studies with 2849 psychiatric patients were included. The overall pooled prevalence of sexual dysfunction among psychiatric patients in Africa was 58.42% (95% CI: 49.55, 67.28). Having older age (OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.28, 2.87), longer duration of illness (OR = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.14, 5.93), history of relapse (OR = 3.51, 95% CI: 1.47, 8.43), poor quality of life (OR = 3.89, 95% CI: 2.15, 7.05), and antipsychotic medications (OR = 2.99, 95% CI: 1.84, 4.86) were significantly associated with sexual dysfunction.

Conclusion
This meta-analysis revealed that approximately two-thirds of psychiatric patients in Africa are affected by sexual dysfunction. Therefore, the findings of this study recommend that when evaluating psychiatric patients, health professionals should focus more on sexual dysfunction. It is also essential to promote awareness and incorporate sexual health assessment and intervention into mental health services to reduce the overall burden of the problem.
Migration, Mobility and Sojourning in Cross-cultural Films: Interculturing Cinema, Ishani Mukherjee and Maggie Griffith Williams (2021)
Authors: Sathe Namrata Rele 
Published: July 2024

Review of: Migration, Mobility and Sojourning in Cross-cultural Films: Interculturing Cinema, Ishani Mukherjee and Maggie Griffith Williams (2021)
Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 166 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-49858-768-6, h/bk, $105
Sirens of Modernity: World Cinema via Bombay, Samhita Sunya (2022)
Authors: Chakrabarti Pritha 
Published: July 2024

Review of: Sirens of Modernity: World Cinema via Bombay, Samhita Sunya (2022)
Oakland, CA: University of California Press, 270 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-52037-953-4, p/bk, $34.95
On the construction of stationary processes and random fields
Authors: Lee Jeonghwa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We propose a new method to construct a stationary process and random field with a given decreasing covariance function and any one-dimensional marginal distribution. The result is a new class of stationary processes and random fields. The construction method utilizes a correlated binary sequence, and it allows a simple and practical way to model dependence structures in a stationary process and random field as its dependence structure is induced by the correlation structure of a few disjoint sets in the support set of the marginal distribution. Simulation results of the proposed models are provided, which show the empirical behavior of a sample path.
The Distinction between Philosophers and Sight-Lovers: Socrates’ First Line of Argument in Rep. V 476a1–d6.
Authors: Gkatzaras Thanassis 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this paper I examine Socrates’ argument that presupposes an audience familiar with Forms and explains why the sight-lovers are not philosophers. It is divided into three parts: the first part (476a1–6) shows why each Form is one in number; the second part (476a6–9) distinguishes Forms from their sensible appearances; and the third part (476a10–d6) draws an analogy between philosophers – people being awake and sight-lovers – people being asleep. Remarkably, the argument works only for opposites, which are mistakenly identified by the sight-lovers with sensible things. Also in this paper I suggest an alternative interpretation of the so-called ‘Two Worlds Theory’ which is based on the distinction between the objects of knowledge and opinion.
Sprachgeschichte(n) und die Rolle der Grenzen
Authors: Onea Gaspar Edgar , Scherr Elisabeth 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die Studie demonstriert die Anwendung statistischer Modellierung, um die räumliche Verteilung synchroner sprachlicher Varianten unter Berücksichtigung außersprachlicher Faktoren zu erklären. Die zentrale Fragestellung zielt darauf ab festzustellen, ob eine Modellierung historischer Grenzen des 19. und 20. zwischen Ortspaaren eine bessere Übereinstimmung mit empirischen Daten erzielt als die bloße Verwendung von Luftliniendistanzen. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass historische Grenzen einen signifikanten Einfluss auf gegenwärtige sprachliche Variationsmuster haben, insbesondere in den Bereichen der syntaktischen Phänomene und der Flexion. Die vorgestellte Methodik ist potenziell dafür geeignet, auch andere Arten von Prädiktoren zu implementieren, und reiht sich ein in Untersuchungen, die dem Zusammenhang zwischen Sprachvariation, Sprachwandel und außersprachlichen Faktoren empirisch nachgehen.
Der possessive Dativ in Raum und Zeit
Authors: Blombach Andreas , Lindner-Bornemann Bettina 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrags ist es, die räumliche Ausbreitung des possessiven Dativs und funktional ähnlicher Konstruktionen (possessive Genitivkonstruktionen) zu unterschiedlichen Zeiten auf einer breiten Datenbasis zu beleuchten. Dafür wurde anhand des Deutschen Textarchivs und seiner Ergänzungen eine Korpusstudie durchgeführt, deren Ergebnisse anschließend mittels Georeferenzierung visualisiert wurden. Voraussetzung hierfür war die zeitintensive manuelle Verortung sämtlicher Texte des Deutschen Textarchivs. Die Visualisierung der Gesamttextmenge des DTA hat dabei offenbart, dass der zeitliche und räumliche Zuschnitt des DTA für Fragestellungen nach Raum und Zeit nur bedingt geeignet ist: So finden sich einerseits nur sehr wenige Texte/Belege vor 1500 und für die Zeit danach sind die Texte im deutschen Sprachraum eigentlich zu heterogen verteilt. Mit aller Vorsicht kann dennoch eine Tendenz zur Raumbildung ausgemacht werden: Possessive Dative finden sich bis 1700 v. a. im Westoberdeutschen, Genitivkonstruktionen mit Possessivpronomen hingegen im Ostmitteldeutschen.
Der (mitteldeutsch geprägte) Vokalismus des Deutschen
Authors: Schmidt Jürgen Erich 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
In dem Beitrag wird gezeigt, in welche argumentative Schieflage man gerät, wenn man den mitteldeutschen Vokalismus und damit den Vokalismus der deutschen Schrift und Standardsprache aus dem normalisierten Mittelhochdeutschen herleitet. Wenn man die These, der mitteldeutsche Vokalismus habe einmal den Lautstand des normalisierten Mittelhochdeutschen durchlaufen, aufrecht erhalten will, muss man ein weder funktional noch sprachsozial motivierbares Hin und Her von phonetischen Prozessen in kürzester Zeit postulieren. An drei den Vokalismus des Deutschen prägenden sprachhistorischen Prozessen wird vorgeführt, dass sich der heutige Vokalismus nicht in spektakulären Umbrüchen aus einer oberdeutschen Dichtersprache entwickelt hat, sondern dass es sich um eine simple Weiterentwicklung des mittelalterlichen Mitteldeutschen handelt, die sich perfekt in die Entwicklung der umgebenden westgermanischen Sprachen einpasst.