bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activated platelet-rich plasma improves adipose-derived stem cell transplantation efficiency in injured articular cartilage
Authors: Van Pham Phuc , Bui Khanh Hong-Thien , Ngo Dat Quoc , Vu Ngoc Bich , Truong Nhung Hai , Phan Nhan Lu-Chinh , Le Dung Minh , Duong Triet Dinh , Nguyen Thanh Duc , Le Vien Tuong , Phan Ngoc Kim 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been isolated, expanded, and applied in the treatment of many diseases. ADSCs have also been used to treat injured articular cartilage. However, there is controversy regarding the treatment efficiency. We considered that ADSC transplantation with activated platelet-rich plasma (PRP) may improve injured articular cartilage compared with that of ADSC transplantation alone. In this study, we determined the role of PRP in ADSC transplantation to improve the treatment efficiency.

Methods
ADSCs were isolated and expanded from human adipose tissue. PRP was collected and activated from human peripheral blood. The effects of PRP were evaluated in vitro and in ADSC transplantation in vivo. In vitro, the effects of PRP on ADSC proliferation, differentiation into chondrogenic cells, and inhibition of angiogenic factors were investigated at three concentrations of PRP (10%, 15% and 20%). In vivo, ADSCs pretreated with or without PRP were transplanted into murine models of injured articular cartilage.

Results
PRP promoted ADSC proliferation and differentiation into chondrogenic cells that strongly expressed collagen II, Sox9 and aggrecan. Moreover, PRP inhibited expression of the angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor. As a result, PRP-pretreated ADSCs improved healing of injured articular cartilage in murine models compared with that of untreated ADSCs.

Conclusion
Pretreatment of ADSCs with PRP is a simple method to efficiently apply ADSCs in cartilage regeneration. This study provides an important step toward the use of autologous ADSCs in the treatment of injured articular cartilage.
Sphingosine-1-phosphate can promote mast cell hyper-reactivity through regulation of contactin-4 expression
Authors: Olivera Ana , Kitamura Yoshiaki , Wright Laurel D , Allende Maria L , Chen Weiping , Kaneko-Goto Tomomi , Yoshihara Yoshihiro , Proia Richard L , Rivera Juan 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTBoth genes and the environment are determinants in the susceptibility to allergies and may alter the severity of the disease. We explored whether an increase in the levels of the lipid mediator S1P in vivo, a condition found during allergic asthma, could affect the sensitivity or the response of MCs to IgE/Ag and the onset of allergic disease. We found that increasing S1P levels by genetic deletion of S1P lyase, the enzyme catabolizing S1P, led to elevated activity of circulating tryptase. Accordingly, MCs of S1P lyase-deficient mice were mostly degranulated in the tissues and showed enhanced calcium levels, degranulation, and cytokine production in response to IgE/Ag in vitro. Th 1-skewed mice (C57BL/6) had lower levels of S1P in circulation and histamine responses than did Th 2-skewed (129/Sv) mice. However, when S1P levels were increased by pharmacologic inhibition of S1P lyase, the C57BL/6 mice showed increased histamine release into the circulation and anaphylactic responses similar to those in the 129/Sv mice. Culturing of MCs in the presence of S1P enhanced their degranulation responses, and when the S1P-treated MCs were used to reconstitute MC-deficient (KitW-sh) mice, they caused enhanced anaphylaxis. Gene expression arrays in S1P lyase-deficient MCs and MCs treated with S1P continuously revealed increased expression of numerous genes, including the adhesion molecule CNTN4,which contributed to the enhanced responses. Our findings argue that dysregulation in the metabolism of S1P is a contributing factor in modulating MC responsiveness and the allergic response.
On the relationship between induced polarization and surface conductivity: Implications for petrophysical interpretation of electrical measurements
Authors: Weller Andreas , Slater Lee , Nordsiek Sven 
Published: August 2013

Petrophysical interpretation of resistivity measurements is often hindered by the dependence of resistivity on the interconnected pore fluids and the interconnected pore surfaces. Induced polarization (IP) measurements yield parameters that are only controlled by the interconnected pore surfaces, thereby offering the opportunity to constrain interpretation of resistivity measurements. Using a database composed of 63 sandstone and unconsolidated sediment samples covering nine independent investigations, we identified a strong linear relationship between the real part of surface conductivity ([Formula: see text]) determined from multisalinity ([Formula: see text]) resistivity measurements and the imaginary conductivity ([Formula: see text]) measured with IP at a frequency of about 1 Hz. We found [Formula: see text] with a coefficient of determination ([Formula: see text]) of 0.911 and a standard deviation of [Formula: see text] of 0.022. We found a similar relation when the normalized chargeability (from Debye decomposition) of the frequency dependence of the IP response is used instead of [Formula: see text]. By estimating the true formation factor ([Formula: see text]) recorded at high salinity, we solved for [Formula: see text] and found that it parallels the salinity dependency of the imaginary conductivity, [Formula: see text], as reported in recent studies. We also found that the value of the [Formula: see text] determined from this experimental study was generally consistent with predictions of the POLARIS model when the mobility of the ions in the Stern layer was assumed to be [Formula: see text] of the mobility of the ions in the diffuse layer (considered equal to the mobility of the ions in the bulk solution). We discovered how the identified relationship can be used to significantly improve (1) the estimation of the true formation factor and (2) the groundwater conductivity, from a single salinity resistivity measurement when an IP measurement is also made. The approach offers an opportunity to improve estimation of porosity, formation factor, and salinity in well logging and hydrogeophysical investigations.
Adjusted prognostic association of depression following myocardial infarction with mortality and cardiovascular events: individual patient data meta-analysis
Authors: Meijer A. , Conradi H. J. , Bos E. H. , Anselmino M. , Carney R. M. , Denollet J. , Doyle F. , Freedland K. E. , Grace S. L. , Hosseini S. H. , Lane D. A. , Pilote L. , Parakh K. , Rafanelli C. , Sato H. , Steeds R. P. , Welin C. , de Jonge P. 
Published: August 2013

BackgroundThe association between depression after myocardial infarction and increased risk of mortality and cardiac morbidity may be due to cardiac disease severity.AimsTo combine original data from studies on the association between post-infarction depression and prognosis into one database, and to investigate to what extent such depression predicts prognosis independently of disease severity.MethodAn individual patient data meta-analysis of studies was conducted using multilevel, multivariable Cox regression analyses.ResultsSixteen studies participated, creating a database of 10 175 post-infarction cases. Hazard ratios for post-infarction depression were 1.32 (95% CI 1.26–1.38,P<0.001) for all-cause mortality and 1.19 (95% CI 1.14–1.24,P<0.001) for cardiovascular events. Hazard ratios adjusted for disease severity were attenuated by 28% and 25% respectively.ConclusionsThe association between depression following myocardial infarction and prognosis is attenuated after adjustment for cardiac disease severity. Still, depression remains independently associated with prognosis, with a 22% increased risk of all-cause mortality and a 13% increased risk of cardiovascular events per standard deviation in depressionz-score.
Encode and a new landscape for psychiatric genetics
Authors: Nair Akshay , Howard Robert 
Published: August 2013

SummaryDespite rigorous research into the genetics of neuropsychiatric disorders, the mechanism by which polygenic risk leads to complex clinical phenotypes remains unclear. The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) project gives us new insight into gene regulation, and gene–gene and gene–environment interaction.Better understanding of these key genomic mechanisms may provide the answers we have been searching for.
Joint assessment out of hours: assessing the benefits for patients and junior doctors
Authors: Boyd Laura , Crawford Colin , Wong Eugene 
Published: August 2013

Aims and methodWe examined the impact of implementing a new Acute Mental Health Emergency Assessment Protocol (AMHEAP) on joint psychiatric assessments out of hours within Forth Valley, Scotland, over the course of 4 calendar months. The protocol states that assessments should be carried out by a junior doctor and a registered, qualified mental health nurse. The impact measures were taken as admission rates and experience of the doctor in training.ResultsIn the 4 months that were examined (1 June–30 September 2011), 79.5% of out-of-hours emergency assessments were performed jointly. Admission rates were significantly decreased (P<0.001) compared with a similar period in 2008, before the AMHEAP protocol was developed. Most junior doctors valued the experience of joint assessment.Clinical implicationsJoint assessment can enhance patient experience, reduce hospital admission, and provide a learning opportunity for junior doctors in emergency psychiatric assessments. However, it represents a move away from the doctor as sole decision maker.
Stigma of mental illness and help-seeking intention in university students
Authors: Lally John , ó Conghaile Aengus , Quigley Sara , Bainbridge Emma , McDonald Colm 
Published: August 2013

Aims and methodA cross-sectional study to ascertain levels of personal and perceived public mental illness stigma in a university student population and the association between the respective levels of stigma and help-seeking intention. An adaptation of the Discrimination-Devaluation scale was used.ResultsA total of 735 students participated in the study (response rate 77%). There were higher mean perceived public stigma levels than personal stigma levels. Perceived public stigma was not significantly associated with future non-help-seeking intention (odds ratio (OR) = 0.871, P = 0.428). Personal stigma was significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of future help-seeking intention (OR = 1.44, P = 0.043). Being younger than 25, having no history of or treatment for mental illness and having no personal contact with someone with a history of mental illness were all associated with higher personal stigma levels.Clinical implicationsThis study indicates that personal stigma as distinct from perceived public stigma is a significant barrier to mental health utilisation for a student population and future stigma reduction campaigns could strategically focus on this.
Drug policy reform – the opportunity presented by ‘legal highs'
Authors: Meacher Baroness Molly C. 
Published: August 2013

SummaryCurrent UK policy on drugs does little to reduce the potential harms to young people using drugs and in some ways can exacerbate them. The dramatic increase in the number of new psychoactive substances available in the UK carries the risk of increasing those harms and demands a new approach to drug regulation. The All-Party Parliamentary Group for Drug Policy Reform calls for an independent drugs classification body, the introduction of a new category for psychoactive substances whereby their supply can be regulated and a review of the government lead for drugs to ensure a health focus. The Group's proposal and supporting evidence are set out in full.
The role of cyclase-associated protein in regulating actin filament dynamics – more than a monomer-sequestration factor
Authors: Ono Shoichiro 
Published: August 2013

SummaryDynamic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton is fundamental to a number of cell biological events. A variety of actin-regulatory proteins modulate polymerization and depolymerization of actin and contribute to actin cytoskeletal reorganization. Cyclase-associated protein (CAP) is a conserved actin-monomer-binding protein that has been studied for over 20 years. Early studies have shown that CAP sequesters actin monomers; recent studies, however, have revealed more active roles of CAP in actin filament dynamics. CAP enhances the recharging of actin monomers with ATP antagonistically to ADF/cofilin, and also promotes the severing of actin filaments in cooperation with ADF/cofilin. Self-oligomerization and binding to other proteins regulate activities and localization of CAP. CAP has crucial roles in cell signaling, development, vesicle trafficking, cell migration and muscle sarcomere assembly. This Commentary discusses the recent advances in our understanding of the functions of CAP and its implications as an important regulator of actin cytoskeletal dynamics, which are involved in various cellular activities.
Wie die Sublimatkur der Syphilis zur Verödungstherapie der Varizen führte
Authors: Hach W. 
Published: August 2013

ZusammenfassungDie Behandlung der Syphilis mit Quecksilberpräparaten wie Sublimat setzte sich von Beginn an bis zur Einführung der Antibiose nach dem 2. Weltkrieg fort. Dabei gab es unterschiedliche Wege der Applikation. Zunächst standen die Injunktionskur, Bäder und verschiedene Pillenzubereitungen im Vordergrund, um eine Salivation zur Ausscheidung der Krankheitsgifte zu erreichen. Mit Erfin-dung der Luer´schen und der Pravaz´schen Spritzen konnten auch subkutane und schließlich intravenöse Injektionen von Sublimat durchgeführt werden. Häufige Thrombosen an den Armvenen führten zu dem Ausweg, die Einspritzung an Krampfadern vorzunehmen. Der Verödungseffekt brachte Paul Linser auf den Gedanken der Verödungstherapie. Von seinem Mitarbeiter Karl Linser wurde das erste Sklerosierungsmittel ohne Quecksilber, die hochprozentige Kochsalzlö-sung, erfunden.
Compliance und Non-Compliance bei der Behandlung chronischer Wunden
Authors: Risse A. 
Published: August 2013

ZusammenfassungEinleitung: „Compliance” bezeichnet die Einhaltung von ärztlich verordneten Verhaltensmaßregeln durch Patienten. In den meisten Fällen beinhalten derartige Verhaltensmaßregeln eine mehr oder weniger intensive Lebensstiländerung des Patienten.Diskussion: Versuche, Menschen zu Lebensstiländerungen zu bewegen, haben sich als überwiegend erfolglos herausgestellt. „Non-Compliance” resultiert in schlechten Therapieergebnissen. Diese führen zu verschiedenen Reaktionen seitens der Therapeuten in einem Spektrum zwischen Frustration und Aggression. Häufig ist der Begriff der „Non-Compliance” negativ kodiert und impliziert zudem eine freie Willensbildung des Patienten bzw. dessen mangelnden Willen zu gesundheitsadäquatem Verhalten.
Reverse shoulder arthroplasty in patients with pre-operative impairment of the deltoid muscle
Authors: Lädermann A. , Walch G. , Denard P. J. , Collin P. , Sirveaux F. , Favard L. , Edwards T. B. , Kherad O. , Boileau P. 
Published: August 2013

The indications for reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) continue to be expanded. Associated impairment of the deltoid muscle has been considered a contraindication to its use, as function of the RSA depends on the deltoid and impairment of the deltoid may increase the risk of dislocation. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the functional outcome and risk of dislocation following the use of an RSA in patients with impaired deltoid function. Between 1999 and 2010, 49 patients (49 shoulders) with impairment of the deltoid underwent RSA and were reviewed at a mean of 38 months (12 to 142) post-operatively. There were nine post-operative complications (18%), including two dislocations. The mean forward elevation improved from 50° (sd 38; 0° to 150°) pre-operatively to 121° (sd 40; 0° to 170°) at final follow-up (p < 0.001). The mean Constant score improved from 24 (sd 12; 2 to 51) to 58 (sd 17; 16 to 83) (p < 0.001). The mean Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation score was 71 (sd 17; 10 to 95) and the rate of patient satisfaction was 98% (48 of 49) at final follow-up.These results suggest that pre-operative deltoid impairment, in certain circumstances, is not an absolute contraindication to RSA. This form of treatment can yield reliable improvement in function without excessive risk of post-operative dislocation.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1106–13.
Charnley low-friction arthroplasty in patients 35 years of age or younger
Authors: Lampropoulou-Adamidou K. , Georgiades G. , Vlamis J. , Hartofilakidis G. 
Published: August 2013

We evaluated the outcome of 41 consecutive Charnley low-friction arthroplasties (LFAs) performed by a single surgeon in 28 patients aged ≤ 35 years at operation between 23 and 36 years previously. There were 20 women and eight men with a mean age of 32 years (23 to 35) at surgery. Two patients (three hips) were lost to follow-up at 12 and 17 years post-operatively, respectively, and one patient (one hip) died at 13 years post-operatively. These patients were excluded from the final evaluation. The survival rate of the acetabular components was 92.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 88.7 to 96.7) at ten years, 67.1% (95% CI 59.75 to 74.45) at 20 years and 53.2% (95% CI 45.3 to 61.1) at 25 years. For the femoral component the survival was 95.1% (95% CI 91.8 to 98.5) at ten years, 77.1% (95% CI 73.9 to 80.3) at 20 years and 68.2% (95% CI 60.7 to 75.8) at 25 years. The results indicate that the Charnley LFA remains a reasonable choice in the treatment of young patients and can serve for comparison with newer techniques and implants.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1052–6.
A new radiological method to detect dorsally penetrating screws when using volar locking plates in distal radial fractures
Authors: Haug L. C. , Glodny B. , Deml C. , Lutz M. , Attal R. 
Published: August 2013

Penetration of the dorsal screw when treating distal radius fractures with volar locking plates is an avoidable complication that causes lesions of the extensor tendon in between 2% and 6% of patients. We examined axial fluoroscopic views of the distal end of the radius to observe small amounts of dorsal screw penetration, and determined the ideal angle of inclination of the x-ray beam to the forearm when making this radiological view. Six volar locking plates were inserted at the wrists of cadavers. The actual screw length was measured under direct vision through a dorsal approach to the distal radius. Axial radiographs were performed for different angles of inclination of the forearm at the elbow. Comparing axial radiological measurements and real screw length, a statistically significant correlation could be demonstrated at an angle of inclination between 5° and 20°. The ideal angle of inclination required to minimise the risk of implanting over-long screws in a dorsal horizon radiological view is 15°. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1101–5.
Controversies in the management of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia and fibula
Authors: Khan T. , Joseph B. 
Published: August 2013

Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is a rare but well recognised condition. Obtaining union of the pseudarthrosis in these children is often difficult and may require several surgical procedures. The treatment has changed significantly since the review by Hardinge in 1972, but controversies continue as to the best form of surgical treatment. This paper reviews these controversies.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1027–34.
Modular neck femoral stems
Authors: Krishnan H. , Krishnan S. P. , Blunn G. , Skinner J. A. , Hart A. J. 
Published: August 2013

Following the recall of modular neck hip stems in July 2012, research into femoral modularity will intensify over the next few years. This review aims to provide surgeons with an up-to-date summary of the clinically relevant evidence. The development of femoral modularity, and a classification system, is described. The theoretical rationale for modularity is summarised and the clinical outcomes are explored. The review also examines the clinically relevant problems reported following the use of femoral stems with a modular neck.Joint replacement registries in the United Kingdom and Australia have provided data on the failure rates of modular devices but cannot identify the mechanism of failure. This information is needed to determine whether modular neck femoral stems will be used in the future, and how we should monitor patients who already have them implanted.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1011–21.
Cost-effectiveness in the management of Dupuytren’s contracture
Authors: Baltzer H. , Binhammer P. A. 
Published: August 2013

In Canada, Dupuytren's contracture is managed with partial fasciectomy or percutaneous needle aponeurotomy (PNA). Injectable collagenase will soon be available. The optimal management of Dupuytren’s contracture is controversial and trade-offs exist between the different methods. Using a cost-utility analysis approach, our aim was to identify the most cost-effective form of treatment for managing Dupuytren’s contracture it and the threshold at which collagenase is cost-effective. We developed an expected-value decision analysis model for Dupuytren’s contracture affecting a single finger, comparing the cost-effectiveness of fasciectomy, aponeurotomy and collagenase from a societal perspective. Cost-effectiveness, one-way sensitivity and variability analyses were performed using standard thresholds for cost effective treatment ($50 000 to $100 000/QALY gained). Percutaneous needle aponeurotomy was the preferred strategy for managing contractures affecting a single finger. The cost-effectiveness of primary aponeurotomy improved when repeated to treat recurrence. Fasciectomy was not cost-effective. Collagenase was cost-effective relative to and preferred over aponeurotomy at $875 and $470 per course of treatment, respectively. In summary, our model supports the trend towards non-surgical interventions for managing Dupuytren’s contracture affecting a single finger. Injectable collagenase will only be feasible in our publicly funded healthcare system if it costs significantly less than current United States pricing. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1094–1100.
Architectural Conservation as a Tool for Cultural Continuity: A Focus on the Religious Built Environment of Islam
Authors: Khan Hasan-Uddin 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Architectural historic preservation has been used as a means to express or represent national, Islamic and even ethnic identity; and often this is linked to tourism or used to serve political ends, particularly in nation building. This article investigates agency and utility in the conservation and restoration of religious built environments in different societies in the Islamic world and its meaning to these societies today. It concludes that conservation should be interpreted more broadly than the physical continuity of historic structures; it should also enable the continuity of non-material aspects of culture and thus embody the relationship between faith and the built environment.