bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Strategic Value of High-Cost Customers
Authors: Subramanian Upender , Raju Jagmohan S. , Zhang Z. John 
Published: October 2013

Many firms today manage their existing customers differentially based on profit potential, providing fewer incentives to less profitable customers and firing unprofitable customers. Although researchers and industry experts advocate this practice, results have been mixed. We examine this practice explicitly accounting for competition and find that some conventional prescriptions may not always hold. We analyze a setting where customers differ in their cost to serve. We find that when a firm can discriminate among its customers but the rival cannot, customer base composition influences the rival's poaching behavior. Consequently, even though a low-cost customer is more profitable when viewed in isolation, a high-cost customer may be strategically more valuable by discouraging poaching. Therefore, contrary to conventional advice, it can be profitable for a firm to retain unprofitable customers. Moreover, some customers may become more valuable to retain and receive better incentives when they are less profitable. We further show that, in competitive settings, traditional customer lifetime value metrics may lead to poor retention decisions because they do not account for the competitive externality that actions toward some customers impose on the cash flows from other customers. Our results suggest that firms may need to evolve from a segmentation mindset, which views each customer in isolation, to a customer portfolio mindset, which recognizes that the value of different customers is interlinked. This paper was accepted by J. Miguel Villas-Boas, marketing.
How Do Industry Peers Respond to Control Threats?
Authors: Servaes Henri , Tamayo Ane 
Published: October 2013

This paper studies how industry peers respond when another firm in the industry is the subject of a hostile takeover attempt. The industry peers cut their capital spending, free cash flows, and cash holdings, and increase their leverage and payouts to shareholders. They also adopt more takeover defenses. The stock price reaction upon announcement of the takeover is positive and larger for peer firms with higher capital spending and higher free cash flows. Before the takeover attempt, the peer firms borrow less and invest more than predicted. Both stock returns and performance improve after the takeover attempt. These results are consistent with the argument that the control threat has important spillover effects for the other firms in the industry. This paper was accepted by Wei Xiong, finance.
Moving Writing
Authors: Burrows Jonathan , Heathfield Adrian 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This exchange, conducted over the period of a year, examines the relation between choreography and language, movement and writing, in relation to the aesthetics of contemporary dance. Moving from the authors’ different perspectives as a dancer and choreographer, and as a writer and curator, the dialogue questions the place of writing practice within dance creation, and the relative forces of corporeal and poetic expression. Turning over these questions in their different ways, the authors engage with the relations between the spontaneous and the pre-scripted, freedom and constraint, presence, authority and the free play of meanings.
Beneath the surface of the event: Immanent movement and the politics of affective registers
Authors: Gray Victoria 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This article articulates the equation between subjectivity and time through performance. It discusses ways in which choreographic strategies of stillness and slowness have the capacity to interrupt the distribution of the senses and thus affect the production of subjectivity. In doing so I consider a series of solo performances titled Pressure Points (2010–2012). In this work, the act of crawling backwards in slowness, coupled with stillness and close proximity, aimed to shift the perceptibility of movement from kinetic to kinesthetic registers. The argument is positioned in relation to Erin Manning’s notion of ‘incipient action’ and Jacques Rancière’s ‘Distribution of the sensible’. These frameworks are expanded upon by being placed in the context of the turn to conceptual choreography of the early 1990s.
Surface modification of electrospun polycaprolactone fibers and effect on cell proliferation
Authors: Arabi Ahmad , Boggs Emily , Patel Manan R. , Zwiesler-Vollick Julie , Maerz Tristan , Baker Kevin , Tuck Samuel , Corey Joseph , Li Yawen 
Published: October 2013

Surface modification is an essential tool in tissue engineering using synthetic biomaterial scaffolds. The authors report in this study a simple approach to modify the surface hydrophobicity, roughness and chemistry of electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers using a combination of oxygen plasma treatment, sodium hydroxide treatment and arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (RGD) immobilization. The modified surfaces were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, water contact angle measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Plasma treatment decreased the water contact angle. Sodium hydroxide treatment further improved the hydrophilicity and increased the surface roughness. XPS analysis confirmed the presence of amide bonds on RGD-treated fibers. The enhancement of proliferation of ligament fibroblasts within 1 week of culturing on both the plasma- and sodium hydroxide–treated fibers was most likely due to improved wettability by the oxygen plasma treatment. The alignment and penetration of cells on PCL fibers suggested that these materials could be potential scaffold materials for the regeneration of fibrous tissues.
High Night Temperature and Abscisic Acid Affect Rice Productivity through Altered Photosynthesis, Respiration and Spikelet Fertility
Authors: Mohammed R. , Cothren J. T. , Tarpley L. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTHigh night temperature (HNT) is among the important abiotic stresses limiting rice production. The impacts of abscisic acid (ABA) on higher plants have been the subject of many studies. However, little or no work has been performed on rice responses to ABA under HNT‐stress conditions. This study determined the effects of ABA on rice leaf photosynthetic rate (PN), photochemistry, respiration, and physiology under HNT. Plants were grown under ambient night temperature (ANT; 25°C) or HNT (30°C) with or without ABA (100 ppm) application from the boot stage of rice plants until harvest. The HNT decreased rice yield (11%), which was associated with decreasing PN (5%), pollen viability (11%), and spikelet fertility (5%) and increasing respiration rate (44%). In addition, HNT decreased grain width (4%) and increased grain chalkiness (65%), thereby decreasing grain quality. The ABA‐treated plants showed increased yield (15%) as a result of increased PN (6%) and spikelet fertility (6%) and decreased respiration (33%), under HNT. The increased PN under HNT as a result of ABA application is associated with increased stomatal conductance (22%) and decreased nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ; 29%). In addition, ABA‐treated plants grown under ANT also showed increased yield (9%) as a result of increased PN (7%) and spikelet fertility (7%) and decreased respiration (16%). The increased PN under ANT as a result of ABA application was due to increased quantum yield (8%) and electron transport rate (8%). This study shows that exogenous application of ABA has the potential to increase rice yields under HNT.
Genotype Plus Genotype × Block of Environments Biplots
Authors: Laffont Jean‐Louis , Wright Kevin , Hanafi Mohamed 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTBiplots have been widely used in recent years for the analysis of multi‐environment trials through the genotype plus genotype × environment (GGE) biplot analysis or through the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis. Sometimes the environments are structured in blocks of environments, for example, regions or years. In this paper, we propose a new biplot technique for describing genotype × environment interactions that takes into account this additional information. We call it a GGB biplot for genotype plus genotype × block of environments biplot. This biplot has interesting geometrical properties that will be covered in this paper. Similarly to what was done for the GGE biplot (Laffont et al., 2007), we also establish a link between the partitioning of the total sum of squares provided by the GGB biplot and the partitioning provided by the analysis of variance. Simulated and real data are used to illustrate this new biplot.
Yield of Photoperiod‐sensitive Sorghum Hybrids Based on Guinea‐race Germplasm under Farmers’ Field Conditions in Mali
Authors: Rattunde H.F.W. , Weltzien E. , Diallo B. , Diallo A.G. , Sidibe M. , Touré A.O. , Rathore A. , Das R.R. , Leiser W.L. , Touré A. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTThe first sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] hybrids based on West African Guinea‐race‐derived parents were created to enhance farmer's food security and income through increased yields. To assess their performance, eight hybrids, six experimental pure‐line cultivars, one pure‐line check (Lata), and a highly adapted landrace cultivar (Tieble) were evaluated in 27 farmer‐managed and two on‐station yield trials in Mali, West Africa, from 2009 to 2011. The hybrids were confirmed to have photoperiod sensitivity similar to the well‐adapted Guinea landrace check cultivar. Genotypic differences for on‐farm grain yield were highly significant and genotype × environment crossover interactions were limited. The yield superiorities of individual hybrids, relative to the landrace check, ranged from 17 to 37% over the 27 on‐farm trials. The three top yielding hybrids showed 30% yield advantages across productivity levels, with absolute yield advantages averaging 380 kg ha−1 under lower (1.0–1.5 t ha−1) and 660 kg ha−1 under higher (2.0–3.5 t ha−1) productivity conditions. A mean male‐parent (better parent) heterosis of 26% was observed for the four hybrids having Lata as a male parent. As the hybrids studied here were obtained with a low intensity of selection using a limited number of parents, even greater yield superiorities may be attained with development of distinct parental pools and scaled‐up hybrid breeding.
Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci for Powdery Mildew Resistance in Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)
Authors: Asgarinia Parvaneh , Cloutier Sylvie , Duguid Scott , Rashid Khalid , Mirlohi AghaFakhr , Banik Mitali , Saeidi Ghodratollah 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTPowdery mildew (Oidium lini Skoric, [PM]), an obligate biotrophic ascomycete, is a common and widespread foliar disease of flax in most flax‐growing areas of the world. In this study, we constructed a linkage map using 143 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and an F2 population of 300 individuals generated from a cross between the susceptible cultivar NorMan and the resistant cultivar Linda. The F2–derived F3 families were phenotyped in the field and the F3–derived F4 families were phenotyped in a controlled environment growth chamber. The 15 linkage group map covered 1241 cM and was largely collinear with the previously published consensus map. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was performed and three PM resistance QTL located on LG1, 7, and 9 were identified consistently using phenotyping data from both field and growth chamber studies. These QTL explained 97% of the phenotypic variation exhibiting a mainly dominant gene action. This work represents a first step toward understanding the genetics of PM resistance in flax and map‐based cloning of candidate genes underlying the QTL.
Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Glucose Metabolism in Subjects With or Without Obesity
Authors: Kim Nan Hee , Cho Nam H. , Yun Chang-Ho , Lee Seung Ku , Yoon Dae Wui , Cho Hyun Joo , Ahn Jae Hee , Seo Ji A. , Kim Sin Gon , Choi Kyung Mook , Baik Sei Hyun , Choi Dong Seop , Shin Chol 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the impact of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on glucose metabolism was different according to the presence or absence of obesity.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 1,344 subjects &gt;40 years old from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study were included. OSA was detected by home portable sleep monitoring. Plasma glucose, HbA1c, and insulin resistance were compared according to OSA and obesity status. The associations between OSA and impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), IFG + IGT, and diabetes were evaluated in subjects with and without obesity after adjusting for several confounding variables. The effect of visceral obesity on this association was evaluated in 820 subjects who underwent abdominal computed tomography scanning.

RESULTS
In subjects without obesity, fasting glucose, 2-h glucose after 75-g glucose loading, and HbA1c were higher in those with OSA than in those without after controlling for age, sex, and BMI. In addition, the presence of OSA in nonobese subjects was associated with a higher prevalence of IFG + IGT and diabetes after adjusting for several confounding variables (odds ratio 3.15 [95% CI 1.44–6.90] and 2.24 [1.43–3.50] for IFG + IGT and diabetes, respectively). Further adjustment for visceral fat area did not modify this association. In contrast, in those with obesity, none of the abnormal glucose tolerance categories were associated with OSA.

CONCLUSIONS
The presence of OSA in nonobese individuals is significantly associated with impaired glucose metabolism, which can be responsible for future risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Cardiovascular Risk Factors Are Associated With Increased Arterial Stiffness in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Dabelea Dana , Talton Jennifer W. , D’Agostino Ralph , Wadwa R. Paul , Urbina Elaine M. , Dolan Lawrence M. , Daniels Stephen R. , Marcovina Santica M. , Hamman Richard F. 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate if presence of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and their clustering as metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased arterial stiffness and accelerated progression over time among youth with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Longitudinal study of 298 youth with type 1 diabetes (age 14.5 years; 46.3% female; duration 4.8 years), with two research visits conducted 5 years apart. CV factors included: waist circumference, blood pressure (BP), fasting lipids (HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol [LDL-c], triglycerides), albumin/creatinine ratio, and HbA1c. MetS was based on Adult Treatment Panel III criteria modified for youth. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the carotid–femoral segment was measured by tonometry. Mixed models were used to assess the rate of progression in PWV and the association between CV factors and PWV over time.

RESULTS
PWV increased significantly over time (0.145 m/s/year; P &lt; 0.0001). MetS (P = 0.0035), large waist (P &lt; 0.0001), and elevated BP (P = 0.0003) at baseline were each associated with worse PWV over time. These baseline factors, however, did not significantly influence the rate of progression. Increases in waist circumference (P &lt; 0.0001), LDL-c levels (P = 0.0156), and declining glucose control (HbA1c; P = 0.0419) were independently associated with higher PWV over time.

CONCLUSIONS
Presence, clustering, and worsening of CV risk factors are associated with increased arterial stiffness over time in youth with type 1 diabetes. Whether improvement in CV risk factors early in life will slow the progression of arterial stiffness and reduce the burden of CV disease in this population requires further study.
Association of PAI-1 and Fibrinogen With Diabetic Retinopathy in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT)
Authors: Azad Nasrin , Agrawal Lily , Emanuele Nicholas V. , Klein Ronald , Bahn Gideon D. , McCarren Madeline , Reaven Peter , Hayward Rodney , Duckworth William ,   the VADT Study Group
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE
To test the hypothesis that high levels of plasminogen-activating inhibitor (PAI)-1 and fibrinogen at baseline were associated with the onset or progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) during the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The VADT was an open-label, prospective, randomized controlled trial to test the effect of standard glycemic control (STD) compared with intensive control (INT) on cardiovascular events in patients with advanced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Diabetic retinopathy (DR) outcomes were also collected. Incidence and progression of DR were assessed by grading seven-field stereoscopic fundus photographs at baseline and 5 years later taken in 858 of a total of 1,791 participants who completed both eye examinations.

RESULTS
Assignment to INT was not independently associated with decreased risk of onset of DR. However, after adjustment for multiple covariates, baseline level of PAI-1 was an independent risk factor for the onset of DR. The risk for incidence of DR increased by 12% for each 10 ng/dL increase in baseline PAI-1 concentration (odds ratio [OR] 1.012 [95% CI 1.00–1.024], P = 0.042). Assignment to INT was not independently associated with decreased risk of progression of DR. However, there was an interaction between glycemic treatment assignment and fibrinogen level at baseline. INT was associated with decreased progression of retinopathy in those with fibrinogen &lt;296 mg/dL (OR 0.55 [95% CI 0.31–1.00], P = 0.03).

CONCLUSIONS
The results require confirmation but are consistent with greater hypercoagulabilty and inflammation, as measured by higher levels of PAI-1 and fibrinogen, being related to DR and responsiveness to INT.
NOx and SO2 Emission During OXY-Coal Combustion
Authors: Moroń Wojciech , Czajka Krzysztof , Ferens Wiesław , Babul Konrad , Szydełko Arkadiusz , Rybak Wiesław 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The paper presents results of coal behaviour during combustion in oxy-fuel atmosphere. The experiment was performed using 3 meter long Entrained Flow Reactor and 1 meter long Drop Tube Reactor. Three hard coals and two lignites were analysed in order to investigate NOx, SO2 emission and fly ash burnout. The measurements were performed along and at the outlet of a combustion chamber for one- and two - stage combustion. In the second stage of the experiment, kinetic parameters for nitrogen evolution during combustion in oxy - fuel and air were calculated and the division of nitrogen into the volatile matter and the char was measured. The conducted experiment showed that emissions in oxy - fuel are lower than those in air.
Numerical Generation of a Fixed Bed Structure
Authors: Marek Maciej 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
A numerical algorithm is presented for the filling process of a cylindrical column with equilateral cylinders. The process is based on simplified mechanics - the elements are added one by one until the mechanical equilibrium is reached. The final structure is examined with respect to the global and local porosity distribution. Oscillating radial porosity profile is obtained in accordance with experimental data.
Mechanical Work and Long-Distance Performance Prediction: the Influence of Allometric Scaling
Authors: Peikriszwili Tartaruga Marcus , Brisswalter Jeanick , Mota Carlos Bolli , Alberton Cristine Lima , Gomeñuka Natalia Andrea , Peyré-Tartaruga Leonardo Alexandre 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of allometric scaling on the relationship between mechanical work and long-distance running performance in recreational runners. Fourteen recreational long-distance runners (male, mean ± SD - age: 29 ± 7 years; body mass: 70.0 ± 10.2 kg; body height: 1.71 ± 0.07 m; maximal oxygen uptake: VO2max 52.0 ± 4.9 ml.kg-1.min-1) performed two tests: a continuous incremental test to volitional exhaustion in order to determine VO2max, and a 6-minute running submaximal test at 3.1 m.s-1, during which segments in the sagittal plane were recorded using a digital camera and the internal (Wint), external (Wext) and total (Wtot) mechanic work, in J.kg-1.m-1, was subsequently calculated. The results indicated a significant correlation between mechanical work and performance, however, the strongest correlations were observed when allometric exponents were used (respectively for Wint, Wext and Wtot; non allometric vs. allometric scaling defined by literature (0.75) or determined mathematically (0.49): r = 0.38 vs. r = 0.44 and r = 0.50; r = 0.80 vs. r = 0.83 and r = 0.82; r = 0.70 vs. r = 0.77 and r = 0.78). These results indicate that mechanical work could be used as a predictor of recreational long-distance performance and an allometric model may improve this prediction.
Calculating Home Advantage in the First Decade of the 21th Century UEFA Soccer Leagues
Authors: Saavedra García Miguel , Gutiérrez Aguilar Óscar , Marques Paulo Sa , Torres Tobío Gabriel , Romero Juan J. Fernández 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Home advantage has been studied in different sports, establishing its existence and its possible causes. This article analyzes the home advantage in soccer leagues of UEFA countries in the first part of the 21st century. The sample of 52 countries monitored during a period of 10 years allows us to study 520 leagues and 111,030 matches of the highest level in each country associated with UEFA. Home advantage exists and is significant in 32 of the 52 UEFA countries, where it equals 55.6%. A decrease can be observed in the tendency towards home advantage between the years 2000 and 2010. Values between 55 and 56 were observed for home advantage in the top ten leagues in Europe. It has also been observed that home advantage depends on the level of the league evaluated using UEFA’s 2010/11 Country coefficients. The home advantage is calculated taking into account the teams’ position and the points obtained in each of the leagues. A direct relationship was observed with the number of points gained and an inverse relationship was observed with the team position.
Appropriate Loads for Peak-Power During Resisted Sprinting on a Non-Motorized Treadmill
Authors: Andre Matthew J. , Fry Andrew C. , Lane Michael T. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the load which allows the highest peak power for resisted sprinting on a non-motorized treadmill and to determine if other variables are related to individual differences. Thirty college students were tested for vertical jump, vertical jump peak and mean power, 10 m sprint, 20 m sprint, leg press 1 RM, leg press 1 RM relative to body weight, leg press 1 RM relative to lean body mass, leg press 1 RM power, and leg press power at 80% of 1 RM. Participants performed eight resisted sprints on a non-motorized treadmill, with increasing relative loads expressed as percent of body weight. Sprint peak power was measured for each load. Pearson correlations were used to determine if relationships between the sprint peak power load and the other variables were significant. The sprint peak power load had a mode of 35% with 73% of all participants having a relative sprint peak power load between 25-35%. Significant correlations occurred between sprint peak power load and body weight, lean body mass, vertical jump peak and mean power, leg press 1 RM, leg press 1 RM relative to lean body mass, leg press 1 RM power, and leg press power at 80% of 1 RM (r = 0.44, 0.43, 0.39, 0.37, 0.47, 0.39, 0.46, and 0.47, respectively). Larger, stronger, more powerful athletes produced peak power at a higher relative load during resisted sprinting on a nonmotorized treadmill.