bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CYP2D6 copy number determination using digital PCR
Authors: Wang Wendy Y. , Lin Lancy , Boone Erin C. , Stevens Junko , Gaedigk Andrea 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundCYP2D6 testing is increasingly used to guide drug therapy and thus, reliable methods are needed to test this complex and polymorphic gene locus. A particular challenge arises from the detection and interpretation of structural variants (SVs) including gene deletions, duplications, and hybrids with the CYP2D7 pseudogene. This study validated the Absolute Q™ platform for digital PCR-based CYP2D6 copy number variation (CNV) determination by comparing results to those obtained with a previously established method using the QX200 platform. In addition, protocols for streamlining CYP2D6 CNV testing were established and validated including the “One-pot” single-step restriction enzyme digestion and a multiplex assay simultaneously targeting the CYP2D6 5′UTR, intron 6, and exon 9 regions.MethodsGenomic DNA (gDNA) samples from Coriell (n = 13) and from blood, saliva, and liver tissue (n = 17) representing 0–6 copies were tested on the Absolute Q and QX200 platforms. Custom TaqMan™ copy number (CN) assays targeting CYP2D6 the 5′UTR, intron 6, and exon 9 regions and a reference gene assay (TERT or RNaseP) were combined for multiplexing by optical channel. In addition, two digestion methods (One-pot digestion and traditional) were assessed. Inconclusive CN values on the Absolute Q were resolved using an alternate reference gene and/or diluting gDNA.ResultsOverall, results between the two platforms and digestions methods were consistent. The “One-pot” digestion method and optically multiplexing up to three CYP2D6 regions yielded consistent result across DNA sample types and diverse SVs, reliably detecting up to 6 gene copies. Rare variation in reference genes were found to interfere with results and interpretation, which were resolved by using a different reference.ConclusionThe Absolute Q produced accurate and reliable CYP2D6 copy number results allowing for a streamlined and economical protocol using One-pot digestion and multiplexing three target regions. Protocols are currently being expanded to other pharmacogenes presenting with SVs/CNVs.
Transcranial alternating current stimulation for neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic review of treatment parameters and outcomes
Authors: Gholamali Nezhad Fatemeh , Martin Josh , Tassone Vanessa K. , Swiderski Alyssa , Demchenko Ilya , Khan Somieya , Chaudhry Hamzah E. , Palmisano Annalisa , Santarnecchi Emiliano , Bhat Venkat 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundTranscranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) alters cortical excitability with low-intensity alternating current and thereby modulates aberrant brain oscillations. Despite the recent increase in studies investigating the feasibility and efficacy of tACS in treating neuropsychiatric disorders, its mechanisms, as well as optimal stimulation parameters, are not fully understood.ObjectivesThis systematic review aimed to compile human research on tACS for neuropsychiatric disorders to delineate typical treatment parameters for these conditions and evaluate its outcomes.MethodsA search for published studies and unpublished registered clinical trials was conducted through OVID (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Embase), ClinicalTrials.gov, and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. Studies utilizing tACS to treat neuropsychiatric disorders in a clinical trial setting were included.ResultsIn total, 783 published studies and 373 clinical trials were screened; 53 published studies and 70 clinical trials were included. Published studies demonstrated a low risk of bias, as assessed by the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools. Neurocognitive, psychotic, and depressive disorders were the most common disorders treated with tACS. Both published studies (58.5%) and registered clinical trials (52%) most commonly utilized gamma frequency bands and tACS was typically administered at an intensity of 2 mA peak-to-peak, once daily for 20 or fewer sessions. Although the targeted brain locations and tACS montages varied across studies based on the outcome measures and specific pathophysiology of the disorders, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was the most common target in both published studies (30.2%) and registered clinical trials (25.6%). Across studies that published results on tACS outcome measures, tACS resulted in enhanced symptoms and/or improvements in overall psychopathology for neurocognitive (all 11 studies), psychotic (11 out of 14 studies), and depressive (7 out of 8 studies) disorders. Additionally, 17 studies reported alterations in the power spectrum of the electroencephalogram around the entrained frequency band at the targeted locations following tACS.ConclusionBehavioral and cognitive symptoms have been positively impacted by tACS. The most consistent changes were reported in cognitive symptoms following gamma-tACS over the DLPFC. However, the paucity of neuroimaging studies for each neuropsychiatric condition highlights the necessity for replication studies employing biomarker- and mechanism-centric approaches.
The impact of exercise intervention on social interaction in children with autism: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Hou Yaoqi , Song Zhuo , Deng Jiaqi , Song Xiangqin 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundExtensive research has documented the positive impacts of physical activity on children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). However, the specific benefits of various sports on the social functioning of children with ASD remain ambiguous. This study aims to employ a network meta-analysis to investigate the effects of different sports on the social functioning of children and adolescents with ASD and to establish a ranking of their effectiveness.MethodsThis study conducted a comprehensive online search across Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases for randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies focusing on social functioning outcomes. Data were synthesized using a Bayesian framework.ResultsSixteen relevant studies encompassing 560 participants were included. According to Cohen’s classification, mini-basketball (SMD = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.46, 1.20), SPARK (SMD = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.06, 1.70), and Karate (SMD = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.27, 2.00) demonstrated high effect sizes, with Karate identified as the most effective intervention. Conversely, Combined Exercise and Nei Yang Gong interventions exhibited the least significant effects, falling below small effect sizes.ConclusionPhysical activity interventions have been shown to enhance social functioning in children and adolescents with ASD to varying extents, with Karate emerging as the most efficacious.
Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment and its association with malnutrition in older Chinese adults in the community
Authors: Wang Ling-ying , Hu Zi-yi , Chen Hong-xiu , Zhou Chun-fen , Hu Xiu-ying 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to characterize the prevalence and associated factors of cognitive impairment in older adults within Chinese community settings.BackgroundResearch exploring the interrelation between malnutrition and cognitive impairment in the older adult community-dwelling population is scarce. The impact of nutritional status on cognitive function in aging adults has not been definitively established.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in one urban and one rural community in Chengdu, China, from October 2022 to March 2023. The sample included 706 older adults. Logistic regression was utilized to determine independent risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI).ResultsThe study found a significant prevalence of MCI at 32.0% among the older adult population. Among those suffering from malnutrition, 55.6% were affected by MCI. The logistic regression analysis indicated that malnutrition risk (OR = 2.192, 95% CI 1.431 to 3.357, p &lt; 0.001), rural residence (OR = 1.475, 95% CI 1.003 to 2.170, p = 0.048), age (70–79 years old; OR = 2.425, 95% CI 1.611 to 3.651, p &lt; 0.001; ≥80 years old: OR = 4.773, 95% CI 2.571 to 8.859, p &lt; 0.001), male (OR = 1.584, 95% CI 1.085 to 2.313, p = 0.017), middle education level (OR = 0.986, 95% CI 1.627 to 5.482, p &lt; 0.001), and ADL dependence (OR = 1.810, 95% CI 1.158 to 2.827, p = 0.009) were significantly associated with the occurrence of MCI.ConclusionThe findings indicate a widespread occurrence of MCI in community-dwelling older Chinese adults. The association between malnutrition, as measured by the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF), and cognitive decline is evident. Older adult individuals with nutritional risk, advancing age, rural residence, male gender, moderate education, and ADL dependency are at increased likelihood of developing MCI. Longitudinal research is needed to clarify the temporal relationships between MCI, demographic factors, and whether improvements in nutritional status or ADL can reduce the incidence of MCI in this population.
Strategies and bottlenecks to tackle infodemic in public health: a scoping review
Authors: Gentili Andrea , Villani Leonardo , Osti Tommaso , Corona Valerio Flavio , Gris Angelica Val , Zaino Andrea , Bonacquisti Michele , De Maio Lucia , Solimene Vincenzo , Gualano Maria Rosaria , Favaretti Carlo , Ricciardi Walter , Cascini Fidelia 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe World Health Organization defines “infodemic” as the phenomenon of an uncontrolled spread of information in digital and physical environments during a disease outbreak, causing confusion and risk-taking behaviors that can harm health. The aim of this scoping review is to examine international evidence and identify strategies and bottlenecks to tackle health-related fake news.MethodsWe performed a scoping review of the literature from 1 January 2018 to 26 January 2023 on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus electronic databases. We also performed a search of grey literature on institutional websites. The research question has been defined according to the PCC (population, concept, and context) mnemonic for constructing research questions in scoping reviews.ResultsThe overall research in the scientific databases yielded a total of 5,516 records. After removing duplicates, and screening the titles, abstracts, and full texts, we included 21 articles from scientific literature. Moreover, 5 documents were retrieved from institutional websites. Based on their content, we decided to group recommendations and bottlenecks into five different and well-defined areas of intervention, which we called strategies: “foster proper communication through the collaboration between science and social media companies and users,” “institutional and regulatory interventions,” “check and debunking,” “increase health literacy,” and “surveillance and monitoring through new digital tools.”ConclusionThe multidisciplinary creation of standardized toolkits that collect recommendations from the literature and institutions can provide a valid solution to limit the infodemic, increasing the health education of both citizens and health professionals, providing the knowledge to recognize fake news, as well as supporting the creation and validation of AI tools aimed at prebunking and debunking.
A retrospective study of tracheal collapse in small-breed dogs: 110 cases (2022–2024)
Authors: Kim Mi-Rae , Kim Se-Hoon , Ryu Min-Ok , Youn Hwa-Young , Choi Ji-Hye , Seo Kyoung-Won 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe grade of tracheal collapse (TC) is assessed by the diameter of the narrowed lumen. However, studies on the relationship between TC grade and clinical symptom severity are lacking.ObjectivesTo investigate the clinical characteristics of small-breed dogs diagnosed with TC and determine if fluoroscopic grading correlates with cough severity.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed medical records from 2022 to 2024. TC diagnosis was confirmed using fluoroscopic examination. Multiple linear regression was employed to investigate factors influencing cough severity, with a significance level set at p &lt; 0.05.ResultsA total of 132 dogs with TC were identified, of which 22 were excluded. The final cohort consisted of 110 dogs, aged between 2–19 years, with no significant sex differences. The majority (97.2%) of dogs had a BCS of ≥4. Among the top four breeds (Maltese, Pomeranian, Poodle, and Chihuahua), the most severe collapse was observed in the carinal region. The grade of collapse on fluoroscopy was mostly related to high BCS (p &lt; 0.007) and low body weight (p &lt; 0.001). However, interestingly, fluoroscopic findings of collapse location and grade did not correlate with cough severity (p = 0.350). Notably, clinical symptoms improved in 86.6% of cases following interventions such as weight reduction, environmental changes, and pharmacotherapy.Conclusions and clinical relevanceIn small-breed dogs, the severity of cough was not associated with the region or grade of TC diagnosed by fluoroscopy.
Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury and Associated Mortality among Individuals with Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis in Uganda
Authors: Kansiime Grace , Aklilu Abinet M. , Baluku Joseph Baruch , Yasmin Farah , Kanyesigye Michael , Muzoora Conrad K. , Wilson F. Perry , Bajunirwe Francis , Brewster Ursula , Kalyesubula Robert 
Published: August 2024

Key Points

AKI is thought to be a rare complication in patients with tuberculosis (TB) infection and is mostly attributed to TB drugs.Our findings show AKI occurs more often than previously thought and approximately 33% of patients with drug-susceptible TB may have kidney dysfunction.According to our study findings, monitoring kidney function should be routine among patients diagnosed with TB even before treatment initiation.

Background
Although tuberculosis (TB) is associated with significant mortality and morbidity, its impact on kidney function is not well understood and is often attributed to anti-TB drugs. We aimed to assess the incidence of AKI in the immediate post-TB diagnosis period in Uganda, a TB/HIV-endemic country in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods
We included patients enrolled in an observational cohort study of adults diagnosed with drug-susceptible TB followed longitudinally. Adults (≥18 years) without known kidney disease were enrolled between August 2022 and July 2023 at three regional hospitals serving 12.5% of the Ugandan population. Our primary outcome was incidence of Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes-defined AKI within 2 weeks of TB diagnosis. Other outcomes included predictors of AKI and its association with 30-day survival.

Results
A total of 156 adults were included. The median age was 39 (interquartile range, 28–53) years, most patients were male (68.6%), and 49.4% had HIV. People with HIV had shorter time to TB diagnosis from symptom onset (21 days; interquartile range, 7–30) compared with HIV-negative participants (60 days; interquartile range, 23–90), P < 0.001. The incidence of AKI was 33.3% (52/156) and was similar between people with and without HIV. Proteinuria or hematuria at enrollment was associated with higher odds of AKI (odds ratio, 2.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.09 to 6.70; P approximately 0.033). AKI was associated with a significant risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 8.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.94 to 34.72; P approximately 0.004) independent of HIV status.

Conclusions
The overall incidence of AKI in the immediate post-TB diagnosis period is high and associated with increased mortality risk. Our findings suggest that monitoring kidney function should be routine for patients with TB, including before treatment initiation.
Study of selective etching of TaN with respect to SiOCH dielectrics using SiF4 plasma processes
Authors: Otto IV Ivo , Valleé Christophe 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
TaN is used as a Cu diffusion barrier during metal interconnect formation to enable modern chip fabrication. In this study, the selective removal of TaN with respect to SiOCH dielectrics is explored using neutral dominant plasmas containing pure SiF4 or with O2 or H2 additives. SiF4 is studied because the Si-containing gas has been historically used to deposit Si-based films, but the gas also contains F capable of volatilizing Ta. This work explores the possibility of enabling both selective etching of TaN and selective deposition on SiOCH. SiF4 discharges are impacted by the addition of O2 and H2 gases; exhibiting significantly different deposition and etching regimes. The substrate temperature plays a critical role in modulating the TaN etching versus deposition window compared to SiOCH. Through this work, selective etching of TaN with respect to SiOCH is achieved.
PENGARUH TERAPI OKUPASI MENGGAMBAR TERHADAP TANDA DAN GEJALA HALUSINASI TAHAP COMFORTING PADA ORANG DENGAN GANGGUAN JIWA (ODGJ) DI RSJD Dr. ARIF ZAINUDDIN SURAKARTA
Authors: Syamsul Bahri Ahmad , Lestari Tri 
Published: August 2024

Background : Hallucinations are a symptom of mental disorders in humans which are characterized by changes in sensory perception, namely experiencing false sensations in the form of sound, sight, taste, touch or nose. The patient perceives stimuli that do not actually exist. One method of treatment is occupational drawing therapy, which is a form of psychotherapy that uses art as a communication tool. It is also a therapy that encourages a person to express, understand their feelings through artistic expression and creative processes, so that they can improve cognitive, affective and psychomotor functions.
Objective : This research was conducted to determine whether there is an effect of occupational therapy drawing on the signs and symptoms of hallucinations in the comforting stage in ODGJ at RSJD Dr. Arif Zainuddin Surakarta
Method : This research uses a quantitative design using a pre-experimental design with a one group pre-test and post-test design. The sampling technique used is probability sampling with a total sample technique. In this study, the samples taken were 30 patients in three wards with hallucinatory disorders. With limited patients at RSJD Dr. Arif Zainuddin Surakarta, the researchers chose to use the total sample to avoid reducing the number of patients. Data collection using an observation sheet for signs and symptoms of hallucinations. The analysis used the Wilcoxon test.
Results : Based on the results of the Wilcoxon test, the p-value was 0.000 (p < 0.05) or it could be said that the signs and symptoms of hallucinations had a p value smaller than the value of ? = 0.05, so Ha was accepted, meaning that there was an effect of providing occupational therapy on drawing on the signs and symptoms of hallucinations. symptoms of hallucinations in the comforting stage in ODGJ at RSJD Dr. Arif Zainuddin Surakarta.Conclusion : These results show that there is an effect of providing occupational drawing therapy on the signs and symptoms of hallucinations in the comforting stage in odgjd at RSJD Dr. Arif Zainuddin Surakarta

Key words : hallucinations, drawing therapy
PENGARUH METODE ONE STUDENT ONE CLIENT (OSOC) TERHADAP KESIAPAN IBU MENYUSUI
Authors: Khoiriyah Etika , Nining Sulistyowati  , Shinta Ayu Retnawati  , Rizki Reza Ansardi  
Published: August 2024

Latar belakang: Menyusui merupakan proses alami seorang ibu dalam menyejahterakan anaknya pasca melahirkan. Pemberian ASI seringkali mengalami kegagalan salah satunya kesiapan ibu untuk menyusui. Strategi yang dapat dilakukan untuk mempersiapkan ibu menyusui yaitu dengan metode OSOC. Metode OSOC merupakan program pendampingan ibu hamil dimana satu mahasiswa mandampingin satu ibu hamil yang berkesinambungan ke masa bersalin dan nifas. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode OSOC terhadap kesiapan ibu menyusui. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperiment dengan rancangan non-equivalent control group desain. Sampel sebanyak 96 ibu hamil dengan teknik puposive sampling. Hasil: penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan (p=0,014). Besarnya pengaruh metode osoc terhadap kesiapan ibu menyusui mempunyai kemungkinan lebih besar dibandingkan yang tidak menggunakan metode OSOC. Kesimpulan: ada pengaruh metode OSOC dalam kesiapan ibu menyusui.

Kata kunci: One Studen One Client, OSOC, Kesiapan menyusui
Implementasi Pembelajaran Berbasis CTL Dengan Inkuiri Terbimbing Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Peserta Didik Kelas VI Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Gandangbatu Sillanan Kabupaten Tana Toraja
Authors: Chornelia Chornelia , Patandean Agustinus J. , Hamid Sundari 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gambaran Implementasi Pembelajaran Berbasis CTL (Contextual Teaching and Learning) dengan Inkuiri Terbimbing dan pengaruh implementasi pembelajaran berbasis CTL dengan Inkuiri Terbimbing dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian quasy experimental design dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini akan dilakukan di Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Gandangbatu Sillanan pada UPT SDN 9 Gandangbatu Sillanan dan UPT SDN 15 Gandangbatu Sillanan. Populasi 361 dan sampel dalam penelitian sebanyak 40 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Sampling Purposive. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, tes (pre-test, post-test) dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis deskriptif, uji normalitas, uji homogenitas dan uji coba hipotesis (uji t). Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada uji t didapatkan nilai t_hitung sebesar 9,622 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Hal ini berarti bahwa hipotesis diterima yaitu implementasi pembelajaran berbasis CTL dengan inkuiri terbimbing dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA peserta didik Kelas VI Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Gandangbatu Sillanan Kabupaten Tana Toraja.
This study aims to analyze the description of Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL)-based Learning Implementation with Guided Inquiry and the effect of CTL-based learning implementation with Guided Inquiry in improving science learning outcomes. This study uses quasy experimental design research using a quantitative approach. This research will be conducted in elementary schools in Gandangbatu Sillanan District at UPT SDN 9 Gandangbatu Sillanan and UPT SDN 15 Gandangbatu Sillanan. The population was 361 and the sample in the study was 40 people. The sampling technique in this study was Purposive Sampling. The data collection techniques used in this study were observation, tests (pre-test, post-test) and documentation. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis technique, normality test, homogeneity test and hypothesis testing (t test). The results showed that based on the results of the research on the t test, the t_count value was 9.622 with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. This means that the hypothesis is accepted, namely the implementation of CTL-based learning with guided inquiry can improve the science learning outcomes of Class VI students of Gandangbatu Sillanan Elementary School, Tana Toraja Regency.