bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multimode interference couplers based on photosensitive hybrid sol‐gel material
Authors: Abdullah Ahmad S. , Ibrahim Mohd H. , Mohd Noor Muhamad Y. , Kassim Norazan M. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTMultimode interference couplers (optical splitter and cross coupler) based on photosensitive hybrid sol‐gel material derived from vinyltriethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, and tetrabutoxytitanate precursors are demonstrated. The couplers are fabricated on quartz substrate. A cost effective chemical etching technique is used in the couplers fabrication process to take advantage of the photosensitive nature of the hybrid material. The output power imbalance is measured to be less than 0.8 dB while the measured maximum crosstalk is −19.2 dB. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1214–1218, 2014
Polarization properties of a one dimensional metamaterial lens
Authors: McGillivray Duncan A. , Cravey Robin L. , Dudley Kenneth L. , Vedeler Erik , Gupta Mool C. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTThe control of microwave (MW) radiation transmission through the polarization state of the incident beam is the basis for many applications in sensors and optics. Altering the polarization state of electromagnetic radiation by transmission through a metamaterial (MTM) lens could lead to novel devices and sensors. The polarization properties of 1D split ring resonator and rod type MTM structures were investigated and compared to a previously reported corresponding 2D MTM lens. Unlike the 2D lens, the 1D MTM did not contribute to a change in polarization state of transmitted MWs. The transmission response, however, was found to be determined by the coupling mechanisms between the MTMs constituent elements and orientation of the incident MW polarization. For the 1D lens, changing incident polarization from alignment parallel to the MTMs rod elements to alignment perpendicular to the rods, at resonance frequency, changes the effective index of refraction from net negative to positive. For a MTM structure, facing perpendicular to the incident radiation, the effective electromagnetic properties change from negative permittivity and positive permeability (for polarization parallel to the rod elements) to positive permittivity and negative permeability (for polarization perpendicular to the rod elements). © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1218–1222, 2014
Validation of lay‐administered mental health assessments in a large Army National Guard cohort
Authors: Prescott Marta R. , Tamburrino Marijo , Calabrese Joseph R. , Liberzon Israel , Slembarski Renee , Shirley Edwin , Fine Thomas , Goto Toyomi , Wilson Kimberly , Ganocy Stephen , Chan Philip , Derus Alphonse , Serrano Mary Beth , Sizemore James , Kauffman Jeremy , Galea Sandro 
Published: March 2014

AbstractTo report the reliability and validity of key mental health assessments in an ongoing study of the Ohio Army National Guard (OHARNG). The 2616 OHARNG soldiers received hour‐long structured telephone surveys including the post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) checklist (PCV‐C) and Patient Health Questionnaire – 9 (PHQ‐9). A subset (N = 500) participated in two hour clinical reappraisals, using the Clinician‐Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM (SCID). The telephone survey assessment for PTSD and for any depressive disorder were both highly specific [92% (standard error, SE 0.01), 83% (SE 0.02)] with moderate sensitivity [54% (SE 0.09), 51% (SE 0.05)]. Other psychopathologies assessed included alcohol abuse [sensitivity 40%, (SE 0.04) and specificity 80% (SE 0.02)] and alcohol dependence [sensitivity, 60% (SE 0.05) and specificity 81% (SE 0.02)].The baseline prevalence estimates from the telephone study suggest alcohol abuse and dependence may be higher in this sample than the general population. Validity and reliability statistics suggest specific, but moderately sensitive instruments. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Constitutive modeling of dense gravelly soils subjected to cyclic loading
Authors: Liu Huabei , Zou Degao , Liu Jingmao 
Published: March 2014

SUMMARYA constitutive model for dense gravelly soils was developed to reproduce their responses under cyclic loadings. Its application aims at nonlinear dynamic analyses of earth structures involving gravelly soils, such as rockfill dams and railroad ballasts. The framework of generalized plasticity was modified to incorporate the concept of stress distance for better simulation of unloading and reloading responses. It was then combined with the theory of critical state soil mechanics to develop the constitutive model. The model has the following important features: unified simulation of particle breakage through translating critical state line, smooth transition from unloading to reloading in the stress space, and proper modeling of cyclic hysteresis, cyclic densification, and cyclic hardening of dense gravelly soils. Most of the model parameters can be obtained through simple calculation using conventional triaxial test results, and their calibration process was discussed. The model was used to simulate the cyclic responses of three gravelly soils with satisfactory accuracy. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Liquid paraffin is superior to 2% lidocaine gel in reducing urethral pain during urodynamic study in men: A pilot study
Authors: Stav Kobi , Taleb Eyal , Sabler Itay M. , Siegel Yoram I. , Beberashvili Ilia , Zisman Amnon 
Published: March 2014

AimsTo compare the pain perception between intraurethral instillation of 2% lidocaine gel and liquid paraffin during Urodynamic study in men.MethodsA randomized, single‐blind comparison trial was conducted. Forty men scheduled to undergo multichannel Urodynamic study were randomized to receive either 10 ml of 2% lidocaine gel (group 1, n = 20) or 10 ml of liquid paraffin (group 2, n = 20). Patients recorded their pain on a 0–10 visual analog scale prior to lubricant instillation, immediately after lubricant instillation, after the introduction of the Urodynamic catheter, 5 and 30 min after the catheter was taken out.Resultspain scores were significantly higher in group 1 compared to group 2 immediately after the instillation of the lubricants (4.2 ± 1.5 vs. 2.6 ± 0.9, P < 0.001) and after catheterization (4.8 ± 1.5 vs. 3.5 ± 1.1, P < 0.01). There were no differences in the pain scores between the two groups in the other time points that were evaluated.ConclusionsLiquid paraffin is more efficient than 2% lidocaine gel in reducing urethral pain during Urodynamic study in men. Pain scores were specifically better during the instillation of the lubricant and during the delivery of the urethral catheter. Neurourol. Urodynam. 34:450–453, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optische Schichtdickenbestimmung
Authors: Quinten Michael 
Published: March 2014

AbstractDie diskrete Fouriertransformation in Form der Schnellen Fouriertransformation (Fast Fourier Transform FFT) basiert auf zwei unabhängigen Variablen ν und t. Bei der Schichtdickenmessung ist diese Unabhängigkeit nicht mehr gegeben, weil der Brechungsindex n des Schichtmaterials eine Funktion von ν ist, n = n(ν), wodurch die Variable t auch eine Funktion von ν wird, t = t(ν). Dieses Problem verstärkt insbesondere den Leakage‐Effekt der diskreten Fouriertransformation und führt zu Fehlern in der Dickenbestimmung von bis zu 5 % bei hochbrechenden Materialien wie Silizium. Eine einfache, aber effiziente Korrektur der Formel zur Schichtdickenberechnung in der FFT führt zur Reduktion des Fehlers auf unter 2 % bei hochbrechenden Materialien und unter 1 % bei allen anderen Materialien.
Concurrent juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia and T‐lymphoblastic lymphoma with a shared missense mutation in NRAS
Authors: Ly Brenda , Modi Arunkumar , Rogers Heesun J. , Makishima Hideki , Hanna Rabi , Cook James R. , Theil Karl S. , Maciejewski Jaroslaw P. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractSingle cases of B‐ and T‐lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma occurring after remission of JMML, and JMML occurring after remission of B‐lymphoblastic leukemia have been reported in the literature. We present a unique case of a child with concurrent JMML and T‐lymphoblastic lymphoma in which an identical missense mutation in NRAS was found in both the neoplastic JMML and T‐LBL cells. JMML has been considered a stem cell disorder, and our case provides additional molecular evidence for a stem cell lesion underlying the two different disease phenotypes. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:946–948. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Aerosol interleukin‐2 induces natural killer cell proliferation in the lung and combination therapy improves the survival of mice with osteosarcoma lung metastasis
Authors: Guma Sergei R. , Lee Dean A. , Ling Yu , Gordon Nancy , Kleinerman Eugenie S. 
Published: March 2014

BackgroundWe have previously shown that aerosol interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) increased the number of intravenously injected human natural killer (NK) cells in the lungs. In this study we investigated whether this increase was secondary to NK cell proliferation and determined the site of the proliferation.Materials and MethodsNude mice with osteosarcoma lung metastases were injected with NK cells and treated with aerosol IL‐2 or aerosol PBS. BrdU was injected prior to euthanasia to identify proliferating NK cells. The percentage of proliferating NK cells in the lung, bone marrow, spleen, and liver was determined using flow cytometry. Survival studies for mice with osteosarcoma lung metastasis treated with aerosol PBS, aerosol IL‐2 alone, aerosol PBS plus NK cells, and aerosol IL‐2 plus NK cells were also performed.ResultsTreatment with aerosol IL‐2 induced the proliferation of injected NK cells in the lung. Aerosol IL‐2 did not increase the proliferation of NK cells in the spleen and liver. Treatment with aerosol IL‐2 and aerosol IL‐2 plus NK cells increased the overall survival of mice with osteosarcoma lung metastasis.ConclusionAerosol IL‐2 increases lung NK cell numbers by stimulating local NK cell proliferation. Aerosol IL‐2's effect on NK cell proliferation is organ specific, which makes it ideal for the specific targeting of lung metastasis. Aerosol IL‐2 plus NK cell therapy induced metastatic regression and increased overall survival demonstrating the potential of this therapeutic approach for patients with osteosarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014; 61:1362–1368. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The initial experience with RENAL nephrometry in children, adolescents, and young adults with renal tumors
Authors: Cost Nicholas G. , DeFoor W. Robert , Crotty Eric J. , Geller James I. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackgroundNo standardized manner exits to objectively compare renal tumor complexity in children and adolescents. However, the RENAL Nephrometry scoring system has been recently developed in adults and shown to predict tumor complexity and correlate with clinical outcomes. Thus, the study objective was to evaluate RENAL Nephrometry tumor score in a population of children, adolescents, and young adults and correlate it with tumor features and pathology.MethodsPatients at the study institution who underwent attempted renal tumor resection from 2002 to 2012, and had pre‐operative imaging available for scoring were retrospectively reviewed. A Nephrometry score for each affected kidney was calculated separately by two blinded reviewers and the final score was based on consensus review. Tumor characteristics and oncologic outcomes were compared between the low‐, moderate‐, and high‐complexity masses.ResultsSixty‐five patients and 67 kidneys met study criteria. This included: 5 (7.5%) low‐complexity, 11 (16.4%) moderate‐complexity, and 51 (76.1%) high‐complexity lesions. In comparing the clinical and pathologic features between groups, it was observed that less complex masses were observed in older patients, were more commonly managed with nephron‐sparing surgery, and more often represented renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and other non‐Wilms tumor pathology. No statistically significant correlation was observed between tumor complexity score and blood loss, operative time, transfusion requirement, positive margins or tumor rupture.ConclusionIn general, renal lesions in this population are highly complex. In its current form, RENAL Nephrometry appears most useful in evaluating tumor complexity in RCC and masses in older children and adolescents. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014; 61:1434–1439. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Detrimental effects of secondhand smoke exposure on infants with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Kopp Benjamin T. , Sarzynski Lisa , Khalfoun Sabrina , Hayes Don , Thompson Rohan , Nicholson Lisa , Long Frederick , Castile Robert , Groner Judith 
Published: March 2014

SummaryRationaleSecondhand smoke (SHS) has deleterious respiratory, immune, and nutritional effects in children, but there is little data regarding the effects of SHS exposure in infants with cystic fibrosis (CF).MethodsA retrospective chart review was undertaken from 2008 to 2012 of 75 infants with CF. Growth, lung function, Chest CT imaging, and microbiologic characteristics were compared between 4 and 12 months for SHS and non‐SHS exposed patients.ResultsSHS exposed infants with CF had decreased growth between 4 and 12 months compared to non‐SHS exposed infants. SHS exposure was associated with increased bronchodilator responsiveness and air trapping, but no other lung function or radiologic differences. SHS exposure was also associated with increased methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and anaerobic growth on respiratory culture. There was no difference in Pseudomonas aeruginosa between groups. There were no differences in antibiotic use or hospitalizations between the groups.ConclusionsSHS exposure in CF infants is associated with diminished growth, increased air trapping and bronchodilator responsiveness, and propensity to culture MRSA and facultative anaerobic bacteria, suggesting the need for early, aggressive parental smoking cessation interventions to prevent SHS exposure complications. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015; 50:25–34. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Polymorphisms of the gene encoding Kit ligand are associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Huusko Johanna M. , Mahlman Mari , Karjalainen Minna K. , Kaukola Tuula , Haataja Ritva , Marttila Riitta , Toldi Gergely , Szabó Miklós , Kingsmore Stephen F. , Rämet Mika , Lavoie Pascal M. , Hallman Mikko ,   on behalf of Gen‐BPD Study Group
Published: March 2014

SummaryBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that affects infants born preterm. Family studies indicate that BPD has a significant genetic component. Rationale: We assessed the gene encoding Kit ligand (KITLG) as a candidate for genetic predisposition to moderate‐to‐severe BPD (controls were infants with no or mild BPD). Study design: Eight KITLG‐tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analyzed in cohorts of very preterm infants originating from northern Finland (56 cases and 197 controls), southern Finland (n = 59 + 52), and Canada (n = 58 + 68). Additional replication populations included infants born in Finland (n = 41 + 241) and Hungary (n = 29 + 40). All infants were of European origin. Results were controlled for risk factors of BPD. Kit ligand concentration in umbilical cord blood, collected from very preterm infants (n = 120), was studied. Results: Six SNPs of KITLG and a haplotype including all eight genotyped SNPs were associated with moderate‐to‐severe BPD in the northern Finnish population. When all the populations were combined, SNP rs11104948 was significantly associated with BPD. Kit ligand concentration in umbilical cord blood of infants born very preterm was an independent risk factor of BPD. Conclusions: We show that KITLG polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to moderate‐to‐severe BPD. In addition, higher Kit ligand concentrations were observed in infants that subsequently developed BPD. These results support the possibility that KITLG gene is involved in predisposition to BPD. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015; 50:260–270. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tracheoplasty using the thymus against tracheo‐esophageal fistula due to necrotizing tracheobronchitis in a very low birth weight infant
Authors: Hasegawa Hisaya , Nagase Yuzo , Sakai Miho , Henmi Nobuhide , Tsuruta Shio 
Published: March 2014

SummaryWe report a case of a very low birth weight infant treated successfully with tracheoplasty using the thymus against tracheo‐esophageal fistula due to necrotizing tracheobronchitis. A baby boy was born at 31 weeks gestation with a birth body weight of 1,230 g. Suddenly on Day 19, his respiration deteriorated, and a flexible bronchofiberscopy showed tracheostenosis, tracheomalacia, and tracheal diverticula. On Day 21, his abdomen became significantly distended, and a flexible bronchofiberscopy showed a tracheo‐esophageal fistula due to a rupture of the diverticula. On Day 105, during surgery, we confirmed necrosis of the trachea. Because the lesion was widespread, we used the thymus for tracheoplasty and closure of the tracheo‐esophageal fistula. His post‐operative course went well, and was discharged at 1 year 9 months of age. Now, 8 years after the operation, although he still needs a T‐tube airway management through tracheostomy, he has achieved speech, normal growth and development, and takes regular classes at school. Tracheoplasty using the thymus is thought to be a treatment worth considering when there are no other effective alternative treatments for tracheo‐esophageal fistula due to necrotizing tracheobronchitis. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2014; 49:E135–E139. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Iloprost for children with pulmonary hypertension after surgery to correct congenital heart disease
Authors: Xu Zhuoming , Zhu Limin , Liu Xinrong , Gong Xiaolei , Gattrell William , Liu Jinfen 
Published: March 2014

SummaryCongenital heart disease (CHD) can cause pulmonary hypertension (PH) in children, and surgery to correct CHD may be complicated by postoperative pulmonary hypertensive crises (PHC). Clinical data regarding the use of inhaled iloprost to treat children with PH are scarce. Our aim was to determine the efficacy and safety of iloprost in children with PH following surgery to correct CHD. This was a randomized, placebo‐controlled study of 22 children (median age 7 months) undergoing surgery to achieve biventricular repair. The combined clinical endpoint was a decrease of more than 20% in the ratio of systolic pulmonary arterial pressure to systolic arterial pressure or pulmonary resistance to systemic resistance, with no PHC or death. Patients were randomized to receive low‐dose iloprost (30 ng/kg/min), high‐dose iloprost (50 ng/kg/min), or placebo, for 10 min every 2 hr in the first 48 hr after surgery. PHC were experienced by two patients who received placebo and one patient treated with high‐dose iloprost. The combined clinical endpoint was reached by six patients administered low‐dose iloprost (P = 0.005) and four administered high‐dose iloprost (P = 0.077), compared with none in the placebo group. Patients treated with iloprost showed a significant reduction from baseline in mean pulmonary vascular resistance index (−2.2 Wood units, P < 0.05), whereas patients who received placebo showed no significant change. This study supports the use of iloprost to treat children with PH following surgery to correct CHD. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015; 50:588–595. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Explosive Initiation of Various Forms of Ti/2B Reactive Materials
Authors: Clemenson Michael D. , Johnson Stephanie , Krier Herman , Glumac Nick 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe reactivity of titanium and boron mixtures under detonation initiation in air is examined experimentally in a constant volume blast chamber. Fine powder mixtures and mechanical alloys are pressed into compacts and are ignited using an HMX‐based explosive initiated with both single point and triple point detonator configurations. Transient pressure measurements, optical imaging, pyrometry, and spectroscopy are performed to analyse the reaction. All mixtures show no significant enhancement in the primary blast wave strength, indicating a relatively slow reaction. However, measurable increases in overpressure are generated due to Ti and/or B reaction. It is found that Ti/2B mechanical alloys significantly outperform blended powder mixtures in generating larger overpressures, yielding energy releases of 45 % and 20 %, respectively. Triple point initiation of the mechanical alloys further enhances the overpressure generation when compared to single point initiation of the alloys, increasing the energy yield. The overpressure of blended powders is also exceeded by a TiB2 compound, suggesting that the intermetallic reaction may be less critical than previously thought. Detonation merging at the plane of interaction between explosive and Ti/2B material is shown to significantly enhance conversion. Spectroscopic measurements show the appearance of BO2 emission relatively late after detonation in the most reactive Ti/2B reactive mechanical alloys, and it appears strongest in system that show greatest reactivity.
Ammonium Perchlorate, Friend or Foe? Part 1: The Influence of this Oxidizer on the Aging Behavior of Propellant Compositions
Authors: Tunnell Ruth , Ashcroft Mark , Dale Roz , Tod Dave , Proud William G. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractPropellants containing nitroglycerine and ammonium perchlorate have been reported to have comparatively shorter shelf lives than analogous energetic materials without this oxidizer. However, investigation into the aging behavior of three compositions containing polyethylene glycol and nitroglycerine revealed that the propellant which included ammonium perchlorate degraded at a slower rate compared with the other materials. It was suggested that ammonium perchlorate might act as an oxygen inhibitor reducing the oxidation rate of the polyethylene glycol binder so decreasing the rate of the propellant decomposition. In addition, at temperatures of 80 °C or lower, ammonium perchlorate initially appears to hinder acid hydrolysis of nitroglycerine which also slows down the degradation of polyethylene glycol based propellant.