bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of LED lighting on photosynthetic parameters and weight of lamb’s lettuce (Valerianella locusta)
Authors: Wojciechowska Renata , Kołton Anna , Długosz-Grochowska Olga , Żupnik Marek , Grzesiak Wojciech 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT
The experiment was carried out in the winter and autumn of 2011 using lamb’s lettuce (Valerianella locusta Laterr. Em Betce) as a test plant under greenhouse growing conditions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a prolonged day with modern SSL LED (Solid State Lighting Light Emitting Diodes) technology on photosynthetic parameters and plant yield. Two kinds of LED lamps with different spectral properties were used. The first emitted a white light and the second a mixture of red and blue light. Measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange were taken in natural and artificial light. Control plants were not treated with additional lighting. During the day with natural light in March (winter growing), photosynthesis intensity, stomatal conductance and transpiration of lamb’s lettuce leaves were higher than in November (autumn growing). In the evening hours of March and November, during artificial plant lighting, similar photosynthesis intensity was observed. This intensity was significantly higher than in the afternoon hours (by natural light) in the autumn. The highest content of chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids was found in the treatment with red+blue LEDs in winter growing. Supplemental lighting with red+blue LED light stimulated the high efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus, which was manifested by the highest Performance Index (PI). The highest weight of the rosettes was noted in the autumn growing period in plants that were under the influence of the red+blue supplemental lighting followed by the white LED. This could be the result of a significant stimulation of photosynthesis during supplemental lighting with the LED lamps during this period.
Methane emissions from ventilation and degasification systems of hard coal mines in Poland in the years 2001–2010
Authors: Patyñska Renata 
Published: March 2013

Streszczenie
W latach 2001-2010 produkcja oraz liczba funkcjonujących kopalń węgla kamiennego w polskim gór­nictwie węgla kamiennego uległa znacznemu zmniejszeniu. Wydobycie węgla ze 102,78 · 106 Mg ograniczono do 76,15 · 106 Mg. Eksploatacja pokładów realizowana w 43 zakładach górniczych w roku 2001, na skutek likwidacji oraz połączenia kopalń, w roku 2010 dotyczyła 29 kopalń. Liczba 30 kopalń metanowych w roku 2001, w których wydobywano węgiel na poziomie 72,37 · 106 Mg, wroku2010 wynosiła21 kopalń, produkujących 52,18 · 106Mg węgla.
Pomimo spadku produkcji węgla oraz malejącej liczby kopalń w Polsce wentylacyjna emisja metanu z pro­cesów eksploatacji węgla kopalń metanowych od roku 2001 wzrosła o około 50 m3/Mg. W miarę upływu lat, wysiłki na rzecz odmetanowania niosą jednak pozytywny skutek. Pomimo wzrostu „strat" metanu w procesie odmetanowania, z roku na rok zwiększa się ilość metanu ujętego systemami odmetanowania.
Z rozeznania i przeglądu literaturowego dotyczącego zagadnień związanych z emisją metanu w Polsce wynika, że w 2009 roku opublikowano Raport Krajowej Inwentaryzacji Emisji i Pochłaniania gazów ciep­larnianych za rok 2007. Z Raportu Krajowej Inwentaryzacji... wynika, że brak jest danych szczegółowych dotyczących wskaźników emisji metanu z kopalń węgla kamiennego dla polskiego górnictwa. W związku z tym, przygotowano i obliczono szczegółowo emisje metanu z kopalń metanowych w Polsce. Zastosowana metodyka szacowania metanu wykonana została dla dwóch podstawowych źródeł jego emisji. Obliczono emisję metanu w trakcie procesu eksploatacji węgla jako emisję wentylacyjną oraz emisję z układów odgazowania. Takie podejście wynikało z wytycznych IPCC z roku 2006.
Aktualizacja proponowanych metod IPCC (2006) szacowania emisji metanu z układów wentylacyjnych i z układów odmetanowania kopalń węgla kamiennego (czynnych i zlikwidowanych) w Polsce polega na za­łożeniu, że wskaźnik emisji metanu (EF) obliczamy, opierając się na wydobyciu z koplań metanowych oraz rzeczywistych wielkościach metanowości bezwzględnej. Rezultat modyfikacji metody szacowania emisji metanu z procesów górniczych dla polskich metanowych koplań węgla kamiennego to równanie wskaźnika emisji metanu.
W górnictwie polskim, od roku 2008 średni wskaźnik emisji z systemu węgla kamiennego utrzymuje się na stałym poziomie około 10 m3 C^/Mg. Uzyskane wyniki obliczeń emisji metanu w całym analizowanym okresie lat 2001-2010, mieszczą się w granicach 402-462 Gg (śr. 441,45 Gg).
Advancing survivorship care through the National Cancer Survivorship Resource Center
Authors: Cowens‐Alvarado Rebecca , Sharpe Katherine , Pratt‐Chapman Mandi , Willis Anne , Gansler Ted , Ganz Patricia A. , Edge Stephen B. , McCabe Mary S. , Stein Kevin 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe National Cancer Survivorship Resource Center (The Survivorship Center) began in 2010 as a collaboration between the American Cancer Society and the George Washington University Cancer Institute and was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The Survivorship Center aims to improve the overall health and quality of life of posttreatment cancer survivors. One key to addressing the needs of this ever‐growing population is to develop clinical follow‐up care guidelines that emphasize not only the importance of surveillance for cancer recurrence, but also address the assessment and management of the physical and psychosocial long‐term and late effects that may result from having cancer and undergoing cancer treatment as well as highlight the importance of healthy behaviors that can reduce the risk of cancer recurrence, second primary cancers, and other chronic diseases. Currently, The Survivorship Center is coordinating the work of experts in oncology, primary care, and other health care professions to develop follow‐up care guidelines for 10 priority cancer sites. CA Cancer J Clin 2013. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Maintenance of Anti-Sm/RNP Autoantibody Production by Plasma Cells Residing in Ectopic Lymphoid Tissue and Bone Marrow Memory B Cells
Authors: Weinstein Jason S. , Delano Matthew J. , Xu Yuan , Kelly-Scumpia Kindra M. , Nacionales Dina C. , Li Yi , Lee Pui Y. , Scumpia Philip O. , Yang Lijun , Sobel Eric , Moldawer Lyle L. , Reeves Westley H. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Although ectopic lymphoid tissue formation is associated with many autoimmune diseases, it is unclear whether it serves a functional role in autoimmune responses. 2,6,10,14-Tetramethylpentadecane causes chronic peritoneal inflammation and lupus-like disease with autoantibody production and ectopic lymphoid tissue (lipogranuloma) formation. A novel transplantation model was used to show that transplanted lipogranulomas retain their lymphoid structure over a prolonged period in the absence of chronic peritoneal inflammation. Recipients of transplanted lipogranulomas produced anti-U1A autoantibodies derived exclusively from the donor, despite nearly complete repopulation of the transplanted lipogranulomas by host lymphocytes. The presence of ectopic lymphoid tissue alone was insufficient, as an anti-U1A response was not generated by the host in the absence of ongoing peritoneal inflammation. Donor-derived anti-U1A autoantibodies were produced for up to 2 mo by plasma cells/plasmablasts recruited to the ectopic lymphoid tissue by CXCR4. Although CD4+ T cells were not required for autoantibody production from the transplanted lipogranulomas, de novo generation of anti-U1A plasma cells/plasmablasts was reduced following T cell depletion. Significantly, a population of memory B cells was identified in the bone marrow and spleen that did not produce anti-U1A autoantibodies unless stimulated by LPS to undergo terminal differentiation. We conclude that 2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane promotes the T cell–dependent development of class-switched, autoreactive memory B cells and plasma cells/plasmablasts. The latter home to ectopic lymphoid tissue and continue to produce autoantibodies after transplantation and in the absence of peritoneal inflammation. However, peritoneal inflammation appears necessary to generate autoreactive B cells de novo.
Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition Induces an Antitumor Immune Response Mediated by NKG2D Receptor
Authors: López-Soto Alejandro , Huergo-Zapico Leticia , Galván José Alberto , Rodrigo Luis , de Herreros Antonio García , Astudillo Aurora , Gonzalez Segundo 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a morphogenetic process characterized by the acquisition of mesenchymal properties linked with an invasive phenotype and metastasis of tumor cells. NK group 2, member D (NKG2D) is an NK cell–activating receptor crucially involved in cancer immunosurveillance. In this study, we show that induction of EMT by TGF-β stimulation of human keratinocytes, by glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibition in several epithelial tumor cell lines, and by Snail1 overexpression in colorectal cancer cells strongly upregulated the expression of NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs), MHC class I chain–related molecules A and B (MICA/B) and ULBP1-3. Overexpression of Snail1 and inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β in colorectal tumor cells markedly induced the activity of Sp1 transcription factor, which plays a key role in the upregulation of NKG2DL expression during EMT. The stimulation of MICA/B expression by TGF-β treatment was independent of Sp1, but it involved posttranslational mechanisms mediated by mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. Accordingly, with the increased expression of NKG2DLs, triggering of EMT rendered cancer cells more susceptible to NKG2D-mediated killing by NK cells. In agreement, MICA/B were expressed in vivo in well-differentiated colorectal tumors with retained epithelial characteristics, whereas no expression of MICA/B was detected in poorly differentiated and invasive colorectal tumors that have lost epithelial characteristics. This decrease of MICA/B expression was associated with a dramatic increase of NKG2D+-tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Overall, our findings indicate that EMT is a relevant checkpoint in the control of tumor progression through NKG2D-mediated immune responses.
Interrater Reliability of the Star Excursion Balance Test
Authors: Gribble Phillip A. , Kelly Sarah E. , Refshauge Kathryn M. , Hiller Claire E. 
Published: March 2013

Context:
Dynamic postural control has gained popularity as a more useful assessment of function than static postural control. One measurement of dynamic postural control that has increased in frequency of use is the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT). Although the intrarater reliability of the SEBT is excellent, few authors have determined interrater reliability. Preliminary evidence has shown poor reliability between assessors.

Objective:
To determine interrater reliability using a group of investigators at 2 testing sites. A corollary purpose was to examine the interrater reliability when using normalized and nonnormalized performance scores on the SEBT.

Design:
Descriptive laboratory study.

Setting:
University research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:
A total of 29 healthy participants between 18 and 50 years of age.

Intervention(s):
Participants were evaluated by 5 raters at 2 testing sites. After participants performed 4 practice trials, each rater assessed 3 test trials in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral reaching directions of the SEBT.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Normalized and nonnormalized (leg-length) reaching distances were analyzed. Additionally, the mean and maximum values from the 3 test trials were analyzed, producing a total of 16 variables.

Results:
For all 16 measures, the interrater reliability was excellent. For the normalized maximum excursion distances, the intraclass correlation coefficients (1,1) ranged from 0.86 to 0.92. Reliability for the nonnormalized measurements was stronger, ranging from 0.89 to 0.94.

Conclusions:
When the raters have been trained by an experienced rater, the SEBT is a test with excellent reliability when used across multiple raters in different settings. This information adds to the body of knowledge that exists regarding the usefulness of the SEBT as an assessment tool in clinical and research practice. Establishing excellent interrater reliability with normalized and nonnormalized scores strengthens the evidence for using the SEBT, especially at multiple sites.
Gaskinetic Solutions for High Knudsen Number Planar Jet Impingement Flows
Authors: Cai Chunpei , Zou Chun 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis paper presents a gaskinetic study and analytical results on high speed rarefied gas flows from a planar exit. The beginning of this paper reviews the results for planar free jet expanding into a vacuum, followed by an investigation of jet impingement on normally set plates with either a diffuse or a specular surface. Presented results include exact solutions for flowfield and surface properties. Numerical simulations with the direct simulation Monte Carlo method were performed to validate these analytical results, and good agreement with this is obtained for flows at high Knudsen numbers. These highly rarefied jet and jet impingement results can provide references for real jet and jet impingement flows.
Adaptive Locally Weighted Projection Regression Method for Uncertainty Quantification
Authors: Chen Peng , Zabaras Nicholas 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWe develop an efficient, adaptive locally weighted projection regression (ALWPR) framework for uncertainty quantification (UQ) of systems governed by ordinary and partial differential equations. The algorithm adaptively selects the new input points with the largest predictive variance and decides when and where to add new local models. It effectively learns the local features and accurately quantifies the uncertainty in the prediction of the statistics. The developed methodology provides predictions and confidence intervals at any query input and can deal with multi-output cases. Numerical examples are presented to show the accuracy and efficiency of the ALWPR framework including problems with non-smooth local features such as discontinuities in the stochastic space.
Risk Factors of Treatment Failure in Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients
Authors: Lee Kyung Mook , Kim Woon Hoe , Lee Jang Hyun , Choi Matthew Seung Suk 
Published: March 2013

Background Some diabetic feet heal without complication, but others undergo amputation due to progressive wounds. This study investigates the risk factors for amputation of diabetic feet.
Methods A total of 55 patients who visited our institution from 2008 to 2012 were included in the study. The patients with abnormal fasting blood sugar levels, lower leg vascularity, and poor nutrition were excluded from the study group, and the wound states were unified. The patients were categorized into a treatment success group (n=47) and a treatment failure group (n=8), and their hemoglobin A1C (HgA1C), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), and serum creatinine levels were analyzed.
Results The initial CRP, WBC, and serum creatinine levels in the treatment failure group were significantly higher than that of the treatment success group, and the initial HgA1C level was significantly higher in the treatment success group. The CRP and WBC levels of both groups changed significantly as time passed, but their serum creatinine levels did not.
Conclusions The initial CRP, WBC, and serum creatinine levels were considered to be risk factors for amputation. Among them, the serum creatinine level was found to be the most important predictive risk factor. Because serum creatinine represents the renal function, thorough care is needed for the feet of diabetic patients with renal impairment.
Management of Velopharyngeal Insufficiency Using Double Opposing Z-Plasty in Patients Undergoing Primary Two-Flap Palatoplasty
Authors: Koh Kyung Suk , Kim Sung Chan , Oh Tae Suk 
Published: March 2013

Background Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) may persist after primary repair of the cleft palate, and surgical correction is necessary in many cases. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of double opposing Z-plasty (DOZ) in cleft palate patients suffering from VPI after primary two-flap palatoplasty.
Methods Between March 1999 and August 2005, we identified 82 patients who underwent two-flap palatoplasty for cleft palate repair. After excluding the patients with congenital syndrome and mental retardation, 13 patients were included in the final study group. The average age of the patients who underwent DOZ at was 5 years and 1 month. Resonance, nasal emission, and articulation were evaluated by a speech pathologist. The velopharyngeal gaps were measured before and after surgery.
Results Six patients attained normal speech capabilities after DOZ. The hypernasality grade was significantly improved after surgery in all of the patients (P=0.0015). Whereas nasal emission disappeared in 8 patients (61.5%), it was diminished but still persisted in the remaining 5 patients. Articulation was improved in all of the cases. In two cases, the velopharyngeal gap was measured using a ruler. The gap decreased from 11.5 to 7 mm in one case, and from 12.5 to 8 mm in the second case.
Conclusions The use of DOZ as a surgical option to correct VPI has many advantages compared with other procedures. These include short surgery time, few troublesome complications, and no harmful effects on the dynamic physiological functioning of the pharynx. This study shows that DOZ can be another option for surgical treatment of patients with VPI after two-flap palatoplasty.
Non‐Nucleoside Phosphoramidites of Xanthene Dyes (FAM, JOE, and TAMRA) for Oligonucleotide Labeling
Authors: Kvach Maksim V. , Tsybulsky Dmitry A. , Shmanai Vadim V. , Prokhorenko Igor A. , Stepanova Irina A. , Korshun Vladimir A. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis unit describes the preparation of 5‐ and 6‐carboxy derivatives of the xanthene fluorescent dyes fluorescein (FAM), 4′,5′‐dichloro‐2′,7′‐dimethoxy‐fluorescein (JOE), and tetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA) as individual isomers, and their conversion to non‐nucleoside phosphoramidite reagents suitable for oligonucleotide labeling. The use of a cyclohexylcarbonyl (Chc) protecting group for blocking of phenolic hydroxyls facilitates the chromatographic separation of isomers of carboxy‐FAM and carboxy‐JOE as pentafluorophenyl esters. Acylation of 3‐dimethylaminophenol with 1,2,4‐benzenetricarboxylic anhydride gave a mixture of 4‐dimethylamino‐2‐hydroxy‐2′,4′(5′)‐dicarboxybenzophenones, easily separable into individual compounds upon fractional crystallization. Individual isomeric benzophenones are precursors of 5‐ or 6‐carboxytetramethylrhodamines. The dyes were converted into 6‐aminohexanol‐ (JOE), 4‐trans‐aminocyclohexanol‐ (FAM and JOE), and hydroxyprolinol‐based (TAMRA) phosphoramidite reagents. Curr. Protoc. Nucleic Acid Chem. 52:4.55.1‐4.55.33. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ultrasound Learning Curve in Gout: A Disease‐Oriented Training Program
Authors: Gutiérrez Marwin , Di Geso Luca , Rovisco João , Di Carlo Marco , Ariani Alarico , Filippucci Emilio , Grassi Walter 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveTo describe the learning curve of rheumatologists with limited experience using ultrasound (US) attending an intensive disease‐oriented training program focusing on the skills required to obtain and interpret US signs of monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposits in joint and periarticular tissues.MethodsThree investigators participated in a 7‐day training program involving 12 men with gout. The agreement between the expert and beginners was calculated in 4 sessions involving 8 patients with gout. The US assessment was performed at the second and third metacarpophalangeal joints, knee, tibiotalar and first metatarsophalangeal joints, second and third finger flexors, quadriceps and patellar posterior tibialis, peroneus longus and brevis, and Achilles tendons. The presence or absence of synovial fluid/synovial hypertrophy, double contour sign, intra‐ or periarticular and intratendinous tophi, bursitis, bone erosions, and tendon tears was recorded.ResultsA total of 416 anatomic sites were studied. Kappa values and overall agreement percentages of qualitative assessments of US gout findings at the end of the exercise both showed moderate to excellent agreement, while in the first session they showed poor/fair agreement. At the end of the training session, sensitivity, specificity, and capability of the beginners were also improved.ConclusionAfter 1 week of the disease‐oriented training program, rheumatologists with limited experience in US were satisfactorily able to detect and interpret the main US signs indicative of MSU crystal deposits at different tissues in patients with gout.
Micropatterning Alginate Substrates for In Vitro Cardiovascular Muscle on a Chip
Authors: Agarwal Ashutosh , Farouz Yohan , Nesmith Alexander Peyton , Deravi Leila F. , McCain Megan Laura , Parker Kevin Kit 
Published: March 2013

AbstractSoft hydrogels such as alginate are ideal substrates for building muscle in vitro because they have structural and mechanical properties close to the in vivo extracellular matrix (ECM) network. However, hydrogels are generally not amenable to protein adhesion and patterning. Moreover, muscle structures and their underlying ECM are highly anisotropic, and it is imperative that in vitro models recapitulate the structural anisotropy in reconstructed tissues for in vivo relevance due to the tight coupling between sturcture and function in these systems. Two techniques to create chemical and structural heterogeneities within soft alginate substrates are presented and employed to engineer anisotropic muscle monolayers: i) microcontact printing lines of extracellular matrix proteins on flat alginate substrates to guide cellular processes with chemical cues and ii) micromolding of alginate surface into grooves and ridges to guide cellular processes with topographical cues. Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes as well as human umbilical artery vascular smooth muscle cells successfully attach to both these micropatterned substrates leading to subsequent formation of anisotropic striated and smooth muscle tissues. Muscular thin film cantilevers cut from these constructs are then employed for functional characterization of engineered muscular tissues. Thus, micropatterned alginate is an ideal substrate for in vitro models of muscle tissue because it facilitates recapitulation of the anisotropic architecture of muscle, mimics the mechanical properties of the ECM microenvironment, and is amenable to evaluation of functional contractile properties.
Temperature‐Insensitive (K,Na)NbO3‐Based Lead‐Free Piezoactuator Ceramics
Authors: Wang Ke , Yao Fang‐Zhou , Jo Wook , Gobeljic Danka , Shvartsman Vladimir V. , Lupascu Doru C. , Li Jing‐Feng , Rödel Jürgen 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe development of lead‐free piezoceramics has attracted great interest because of growing environmental concerns. A polymorphic phase transition (PPT) has been utilized in the past to tailor piezoelectric properties in lead‐free (K,Na)NbO3 (KNN)‐based materials accepting the drawback of large temperature sensitivity. Here a material concept is reported, which yields an average piezoelectric coefficientd33 of about 300 pC/N and a high level of unipolar strain up to 0.16% at room temperature. Most intriguingly, field‐induced strain varies less than 10% from room temperature to 175 °C. The temperature insensitivity of field‐induced strain is rationalized using an electrostrictive coupling to polarization amplitude while the temperature‐dependent piezoelectric coefficient is discussed using localized piezoresponse probed by piezoforce microscopy. This discovery opens a new development window for temperature‐insensitive piezoelectric actuators despite the presence of a polymorphic phase transition around room temperature.