bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
C‐Mpl Is Expressed on Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts and Is Important in Regulating Skeletal Homeostasis
Authors: Meijome Tomas E. , Ekwealor Jenna T. B. , Hooker R. Adam , Cheng Ying‐Hua , Ciovacco Wendy A. , Balamohan Sanjeev M. , Srinivasan Trishya L. , Chitteti Brahmananda R. , Eleniste Pierre P. , Horowitz Mark C. , Srour Edward F. , Bruzzaniti Angela , Fuchs Robyn K. , Kacena Melissa A. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTC‐Mpl is the receptor for thrombopoietin (TPO), the main megakaryocyte (MK) growth factor, and c‐Mpl is believed to be expressed on cells of the hematopoietic lineage. As MKs have been shown to enhance bone formation, it may be expected that mice in which c‐Mpl was globally knocked out (c‐Mpl−/− mice) would have decreased bone mass because they have fewer MKs. Instead, c‐Mpl−/− mice have a higher bone mass than WT controls. Using c‐Mpl−/− mice we investigated the basis for this discrepancy and discovered that c‐Mpl is expressed on both osteoblasts (OBs) and osteoclasts (OCs), an unexpected finding that prompted us to examine further how c‐Mpl regulates bone. Static and dynamic bone histomorphometry parameters suggest that c‐Mpl deficiency results in a net gain in bone volume with increases in OBs and OCs. In vitro, a higher percentage of c‐Mpl−/− OBs were in active phases of the cell cycle, leading to an increased number of OBs. No difference in OB differentiation was observed in vitro as examined by real‐time PCR and functional assays. In co‐culture systems, which allow for the interaction between OBs and OC progenitors, c‐Mpl−/− OBs enhanced osteoclastogenesis. Two of the major signaling pathways by which OBs regulate osteoclastogenesis, MCSF/OPG/RANKL and EphrinB2‐EphB2/B4, were unaffected in c‐Mpl−/− OBs. These data provide new findings for the role of MKs and c‐Mpl expression in bone and may provide insight into the homeostatic regulation of bone mass as well as bone loss diseases such as osteoporosis. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 959–969, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quantification model of proper curvature for large‐sized curved TVs
Authors: Park Yongmin , Yoo Jang Jin , Kang Dongwoo , Kim Sungjin 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe present a feasible modeling method to estimate the proper curvature for large‐sized curved TVs. We especially focused on two factors – preference and perceived distortion – to be considered to determine the proper curvature. The preference includes a number of advantages that people expect to fulfill the possibilities of a more immersive image and sense of realism from curved display. On the other hand, the perceived distortion means the side effects that people can notice uncomfortable feeling caused by the shape of a curved one. In order to find out how two factors would be different as a number of conditions like curvature, size, and viewing angle change, a series of subjective assessments were conducted. The evaluation results show that both the preference and perceived distortion vary with the conditions considerably. We performed the statistical analysis based on the results and proposed the quantification model of proper curvature, which has higher preference and less perceived distortion, for various‐sized curved TVs.
Improved outcomes after low‐concentration hypochlorous acid nasal irrigation in pediatric chronic sinusitis
Authors: Cho Hyung‐Ju , Min Hyun Jin , Chung Hyo Jin , Park Do‐Yang , Seong Sang Yeob , Yoon Joo‐Heon , Lee Jeung‐Gweon , Kim Chang‐Hoon 
Published: September 2015

Objectives/HypothesisWe aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of low‐concentration hypochlorous acid (HOCl) nasal irrigation compared to isotonic normal saline for pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis.Study DesignThis was a randomized, prospective, active‐controlled study.MethodsThis study investigated the effectiveness of 4 weeks of low‐concentration hypochlorous irrigation by analyzing five categorized subjective symptoms and x‐ray findings in pediatric patients with rhinosinusitis. Thirty‐seven patients were enrolled, and 26 patients successfully completed the study.ResultsTotal symptom scores significantly improved with both HOCl and normal saline nasal irrigation, but there was no difference between the two groups. X‐ray scores also improved in both groups; improvement was much greater in the HOCl group than the placebo group.ConclusionsNasal irrigation with HOCl is an effective adjuvant treatment compared to isotonic normal saline for pediatric sinusitis.Level of Evidence1b Laryngoscope, 126:791–795, 2016
Foot‐controlled robotic‐enabled endoscope holder for endoscopic sinus surgery: A cadaveric feasibility study
Authors: Chan Jason Y. K. , Leung Iris , Navarro‐Alarcon David , Lin Weiyang , Li Peng , Lee Dennis L. Y. , Liu Yun‐hui , Tong Michael C. F. 
Published: September 2015

Objectives/HypothesisTo evaluate the feasibility of a unique prototype foot‐controlled robotic‐enabled endoscope holder (FREE) in functional endoscopic sinus surgery.Study DesignCadaveric study.MethodsUsing human cadavers, we investigated the feasibility, advantages, and disadvantages of the robotic endoscope holder in performing endoscopic sinus surgery with two hands in five cadaver heads, mimicking a single nostril three‐handed technique.ResultsThe FREE robot is relatively easy to use. Setup was quick, taking less than 3 minutes from docking the robot at the head of the bed to visualizing the middle meatus. The unit is also relatively small, takes up little space, and currently has four degrees of freedom. The learning curve for using the foot control was short. The use of both hands was not hindered by the presence of the endoscope in the nasal cavity. The tremor filtration also aided in the smooth movement of the endoscope, with minimal collisions.ConclusionThe FREE endoscope holder in an ex‐vivo cadaver test corroborated the feasibility of the robotic prototype, which allows for a two‐handed approach to surgery equal to a single nostril three‐handed technique without the holder that may reduce operating time. Further studies will be needed to evaluate its safety profile and use in other areas of endoscopic surgery.Level of EvidenceNA. Laryngoscope, 126:566–569, 2016
Mobile electrodiagnostic laboratories provide substandard patient care: An educational report
Authors:   Policy Department, American Association of Neuromuscular & Electrodiagnostic Medicine
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Mobile electrodiagnostic (EDx) laboratories often do not appear to comply with Medicare rules or the American Association of Neuromuscular & Electrodiagnostic Medicine (AANEM) standards. Methods: The AANEM Professional Practice Committee reached a consensus based on expert opinion on the typical deficiencies of EDx studies performed by mobile EDx laboratories and made recommendations on proper performance. Results: Mobile EDx laboratories should be registered as independent diagnostic testing facilities (IDTFs) and be held to the standards established by the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services. Testing performed in a mobile EDx laboratory is often performed: (1) without a physical exam by a qualified EDx physician; (2) without adequate physician supervision; (3) without interpretation “on site” or in “real time”; (4) without an accompanying needle electromyography study; and (5) with an excessive number of tests. Conclusions: The AANEM recommends that payers require companies that perform studies in a mobile EDx laboratory but have failed to register as an IDTF to be held to the standards listed in the federal rules. Muscle Nerve 52: 1130–1133, 2015
Validation of the besta neurological institute rating scale for myasthenia gravis
Authors: Antozzi Carlo , Brenna Greta , Baggi Fulvio , Camera Giorgia , Maggi Lorenzo , Rezzani Cristiana , Montomoli Cristina , Mantegazza Renato 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTIntroduction: We validated the scale for myasthenia gravis (MG) developed at the Neurological Institute Foundation of Milan (INCB‐MG scale). Methods: A total of 174 patients were evaluated with the INCB‐MG and compared with the MG Composite (MGC) as the gold standard. Dimensionality, reliability, and validity of the INCB‐MG scale were studied by principal component factor analysis, Cronbach alpha, and Pearson correlation coefficients; interobserver reliability was calculated by the weighted Cohen K coefficient. Results: Generalized and bulbar INCB‐MG subscales were unidimensional with excellent consistency; the INCB‐MG and MGC scales were strongly correlated. Fatigability assessment was correlated with the INCB‐MG generalized, bulbar, and respiratory subscales. Conclusions: The INCB‐MG scale is a reliable tool to assess MG and is strongly correlated with the MGC. The INCB‐MG scale is a valid tool for every day practice and should be further investigated for its application in clinical trials. Muscle Nerve 53: 32–37, 2016
Use of best‐worst scaling to assess patient perceptions of treatments for refractory overactive bladder
Authors: Beusterien Kathleen , Kennelly Michael J. , Bridges John F.P. , Amos Kaitlan , Williams Mary Jo , Vasavada Sandip 
Published: September 2015

AimsRefractory overactive bladder (OAB) treatments, including sacral neuromodulation (SNM), onabotulinumtoxin A (OnabotA), and percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS), differ considerably. Best‐Worst Scaling (BWS) was used to assess patient preferences for these treatments.MethodsA cross‐sectional Web survey, based on findings from qualitative interviews with 23 OAB patients and 7 clinical experts, was conducted with idiopathic OAB patients in the US and UK. The BWS exercise involved prioritizing subsets of 13 attributes across 13 choice tasks, where patients identified the attribute they considered as best and as worst in each task. Attribute BWS scores, ranging from −1.0 (worst) to 1.0 (best) were calculated based on the rates that each attribute was chosen. Attitudes toward the attributes also were assessed via like/dislike Likert scales, and questions regarding the percentage likelihood (0–100%) of trying each treatment, based on standardized treatment descriptions.ResultsThe sample included 245 patients (118 US, 127 UK); 79% female, mean age 50 ± 7.8 years. All 13 attribute BWS scores were significantly positive or negative. “Lasting improvement” (0.82), “minimal side effects” (0.67), and “sends signals between bladder and brain” (0.35)' were rated most favorably, and “complications with implant” (−0.65), and “be willing to self‐catheterize” (−0.53) were rated worst. All but one of the attribute BWS scores were significantly correlated with the respective like/dislike scores and the percentage likelihood estimates for trying one of the three treatments.ConclusionBWS was successful in assessing the magnitude of patient preferences for key attributes associated with substantially different refractory OAB therapies. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:1028–1033, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ICS teaching module: Artefacts in urodynamic pressure traces (basic module)
Authors: Gammie Andrew , D'Ancona Carlos , Kuo Hann‐Chorng , Rosier Peter F.W. 
Published: September 2015

AimsTo present the ICS Teaching Module on artefacts in urodynamics pressure traces.MethodsSlides from three urodynamics centres were assembled. Descriptions and labels were agreed by the authors and the module presented at the ICS Annual Scientific Meeting in Brazil 2014.ResultsTen artefacts that should be recognized while using water‐filled urodynamic systems are presented and remedial action described.ConclusionsThis manuscript serves as scientific background for the slide set made available on the ICS website. By following the guidelines in this teaching module, good quality urodynamics can be more readily achieved. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:35–36, 2017. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Polystyrene‐b‐poly(2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl acrylate)‐b‐polystyrene copolymers: Synthesis and fabrication of their hydrophobic porous films, spheres, and fibers
Authors: Lv Chi , Cui Kun , Li Shu‐Cai , Wu Hao‐Tian , Ma Zhi 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTNew block copolymers Polystyrene‐b‐poly (2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl acrylate)‐b‐Polystyrene (PS‐PTFEA‐PS) with controlled molecular weight (Mn=5000‐11000 g⋅mol−1) and narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn=1.13‐1.17) were synthesized via RAFT polymerization. The molecular structure and component of PS‐PTFEA‐PS block copolymers were characterized through 1H NMR, 19F NMR, GPC, FT‐IR and elemental analysis. The porous films of such copolymers with average pore size of 0.80‐1.34 μm and good regularity were fabricated via a static breath‐figure (BF) process. The effects of solvent, temperature, and polymer concentration on the surface morphology of such film were investigated. In addition, microstructured spheres and fibers of such block copolymers were fabricated by electrospinning process and observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the hydrophobicity of porous films, spheres, and fibers was investigated. The porous film showed a good hydrophobicity with the water‐droplet contact angles of 129°, and the fibers showed higher hydrophobicity with the water‐droplet contact angles of 142°. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016, 54, 678–685
Family caregivers require mental health specialists for end‐of‐life psychosocial problems at home: a nationwide survey in Japan
Authors: Kobayakawa Makoto , Okamura Hitoshi , Yamagishi Akemi , Morita Tatsuya , Kawagoe Shohei , Shimizu Megumi , Ozawa Taketoshi , An Emi , Tsuneto Satoru , Shima Yasuo , Miyashita Mitsunori 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundPsychological distress is problematic for patients and their family caregivers in the oncological setting. The level of stress is influenced by the health status of the patient and their family members as well as the support system for home care. However, it remains unclear how best to support distressed caregivers providing end‐of‐life care at home.MethodsThe present study was performed as part of the Japan Hospice and Palliative Care Evaluation study among caregivers whose family members are provided home palliative care. The caregivers were asked whether they wished to receive psychological support from mental health specialists, and factors associated with the need for psychological support were analyzed.ResultsOf the 1052 caregivers, 628 completed the questionnaire. As a whole, 169 subjects [27%; 23–30% (95% confidence interval)] reported needing psychological support from a mental health specialist. According to a multiple regression analysis, factors associated with the need for psychological support included (1) emotional distress due to the need to adapt to rapid worsening of the patient's condition [adjusted odds ratio: 2.62 (95% CI 1.77–3.88), p < 0.001], (2) the poor health conditions of the caregivers [2.93 (1.61–5.36), p < 0.001], and (3) having someone else available to care for the patient in place of the caregiver [0.51 (0.34–0.78), p = 0.002].ConclusionsPsychological support is required for caregivers tending to patients at home. Further studies are needed to construct a system to provide continuous support to caregivers. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intrusion detection alert management for high‐speed networks: current researches and applications
Authors: Sallay Hassen , Bourouis Sami 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe propose an intrusion detection alert classifier based on a discriminative machine learning approach satisfying high‐speed networks constraints. We mainly address the huge number of alerts and the high level rate of false ones produced in such environment. The classifier is based on online‐adaptive support vector machine schemes. We demonstrate the utility of the developed method through extensive simulations and experiments against three data sets. Our intrusion alert classifier is crucial for forensics expert alert analysis and security threats understanding. It assists in taking the appropriate defensive and investigative actions, and therefore, it enhances the forensics readiness process. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sex in the Shadow of the Law: Regulating Sex Work and Human Trafficking in Singapore
Authors: CHAPMAN-SCHMIDT Ben 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis paper uses Singapore as a case study in how the international anti-trafficking movement has influenced the regulation of sex work. In doing this, it explores the various historical, geographical, and socio-legal factors which have shaped Singapore’s system of regulation. It then presents the contemporary composition of the regulation of sex work in Singapore: a system of informal rules and protections hidden in the shadow of formal legal institutions. Finally, it analyses the impact of the international anti-trafficking movement, with specific emphasis on the American Trafficking in Persons Report, on Singapore’s regulation of sex work. It suggests that the recent increase of police raids on red light districts is aimed primarily at image control, and that these raids are undermining a functioning regulatory system. It concludes by suggesting that to improve upon its existing regulatory system, Singapore should focus on eliminating sex worker stigma and improving the rights of migrant workers.
Pharyngeal pouch management: an historical review
Authors: Stewart K , Sen P 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackground:Management of the pharyngeal pouch has evolved enormously since the first description by Ludlow in 1764 and the first case series by Zenker and Von Ziemssen in 1877. With the introduction of antibiotics, and the advancement of surgical technique with the advent of endoscopic surgery and lasers, current management is vastly different to that in the nineteenth century.Objectives:This paper traces the history of pharyngeal pouch management, and discusses the various treatment options and opinions recorded during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, comparing these with techniques popular today.Results and conclusion:Pharyngeal pouch surgery has been associated with significant morbidity, both because of the elderly age of patients typically affected by the condition and because of the surgery itself and potential post-operative complications encountered. The historical development of pharyngeal pouch management and the understanding of pharyngeal pouch pathophysiology are discussed.
Simultaneous evaluation of plasma membrane integrity, acrosomal integrity, and mitochondrial membrane potential in bovine spermatozoa by flow cytometry
Authors: Kanno Chihiro , Kang Sung-Sik , Kitade Yasuyuki , Yanagawa Yojiro , Takahashi Yoshiyuki , Nagano Masashi 
Published: September 2015

SummaryThe present study aimed to develop an objective evaluation procedure to estimate the plasma membrane integrity, acrosomal integrity, and mitochondrial membrane potential of bull spermatozoa simultaneously by flow cytometry. Firstly, we used frozen–thawed semen mixed with 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% dead spermatozoa. Semen was stained using three staining solutions: SYBR-14, propidium iodide (PI), and phycoerythrin-conjugated peanut agglutinin (PE–PNA), for the evaluation of plasma membrane integrity and acrosomal integrity. Then, characteristics evaluated by flow cytometry and by fluorescence microscopy were compared. Characteristics of spermatozoa (viability and acrosomal integrity) evaluated by flow cytometry and by fluorescence microscopy were found to be similar. Secondly, we attempted to evaluate the plasma membrane integrity, acrosomal integrity, and also mitochondrial membrane potential of spermatozoa by flow cytometry using conventional staining with three dyes (SYBR-14, PI, and PE–PNA) combined with MitoTracker Deep Red (MTDR) staining (quadruple staining). The spermatozoon characteristics evaluated by flow cytometry using quadruple staining were then compared with those of staining using SYBR-14, PI, and PE–PNA and staining using SYBR-14 and MTDR. There were no significant differences in all characteristics (viability, acrosomal integrity, and mitochondrial membrane potential) evaluated by quadruple staining and the other procedures. In conclusion, quadruple staining using SYBR-14, PI, PE–PNA, and MTDR for flow cytometry can be used to evaluate the plasma membrane integrity, acrosomal integrity, and mitochondrial membrane potential of bovine spermatozoa simultaneously.
Ājīvikas, Maṇibhadra and Early History of Eastern Bengal: A New Copperplate Inscription of Vainyagupta and its Implications
Authors: FURUI RYOSUKE 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA new copperplate inscription of Vainyagupta, to be presented in this article, is important as one of the rare sources that provide a glimpse of the later history of the Ājīvikas. It also tells us about their worship of Maṇibhadra, one of the eminent yakṣas, with interesting information on his iconography. Finally, it gives us some insights into the early history of Samataṭa, a subregion of Bengal on its eastern fringe, as it includes a copy of the grant of an earlier king named Nāthacandra. In this article, I will present an edition of the inscription and discuss some historical aspects revealed by it in connection with other sources.
Empathy, Approach Attitude, and rTMs on Left DLPFC Affect Emotional Face Recognition and Facial Feedback (EMG)
Authors: Balconi Michela , Canavesio Ylenia 
Published: September 2015

Abstract. Empathic trait (Balanced Emotional Empathy Scale [BEES]) and emotional attitude (Behavior Activation System [BAS]) were supposed to modulate emotional face recognition, based on left dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC) cortex contribution. High-empathic trait (high-BEES) was compared with low-empathic trait (low-BEES), when detection performance (Accuracy Index; Response Times [RTs]) and facial activity (electromyogram, EMG, i.e., zygomatic and corrugators muscle activity) were analyzed. Moreover, the implication of the left DLPFC was tested by using low-frequency rTMS (repeated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) to induce a decreased response to facial expression of emotions when subjects (N = 46) were required to empathize with the emotional stimuli. EMG and behavioral responses were found to be modulated by BEES and BAS, with a decreased performance and a reduced facial responsiveness in response to happiness for high-BEES and high-BAS in the case of TMS on left DLPFC. Secondly, an emotion-specific effect was found: the DLPFC effect was observed for the positive emotion (happiness) more than for the negative emotions (anger and fear) with a decreased performance (lower Accuracy Index [AI] and higher RTs) and a decreased zygomatic muscle activity. Finally, a direct correlation was found between BEES and BAS and the latter was revealed to be predictive (regression analysis) of the behavioral and EMG modulation induced by TMS. These results suggest significant effect by empathic and emotional attitude component on both EMG and behavioral level in emotional face recognition. This mechanism appears to be supported and regulated by DLPFC. The lateralization (left) effect was discussed in light of the valence model of emotions.