bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mawsonascaris parva sp. nov. (Nematoda: Ascaridida) from the Arabian whipray Himantura randalli Last, Manjaji-Matsumoto et Moore (Rajiformes: Dasyatidae) off the coast of Iraq
Authors: Ali Atheer , Zhang Lu-Ping , Al-Salim Nadirah , Li Liang 
Published: November 2012

AbstractMawsonascaris parva sp. nov. collected from the Arabian whipray Himantura randalli Last, Manjaji-Matsumoto et Moore (Rajiformes: Dasyatidae) off the coast of Iraq is described and illustrated using light and scanning electron microscopy. The new species differs from its congeners by its small body size (8.11–18.2 mm long), the absence of an intestinal caecum, the slightly unequal spicules (left and right spicule 1.08–2.50 mm and 0.98–2.01 mm long, respectively, representing 12.1–13.7% and 10.1–12.1% of body length), the number and arrangement of male caudal papillae (13–14 pairs in total, arranged as: 7–8 pairs of precloacal, 1 pair of double paracloacal and 5 pairs of postcloacal) and the presence of a single, median precloacal papilla. Thus, a total of six species of Mawsonascaris are now known and this is the first species of this genus recorded from species of Himantura.
Apicomplexa primers amplify Proteromonas (Stramenopiles, Slopalinida, Proteromonadidae) in tissue and blood samples from lizards
Authors: Maia João , Gómez-Díaz Elena , Harris D. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractMicroscopy has traditionally been the most common method in parasitological studies, but in recent years molecular screening has become increasingly frequent to detect protozoan parasites in a wide range of vertebrate hosts and vectors. During routine molecular screening of apicomplexan parasites in reptiles using the 18S rRNA gene, we have amplified and sequenced Proteromonas parasites from three lizard hosts (less than 1% prevalence). We conducted phylogenetic analysis to confirm the taxonomic position and infer their relationships with other stramenopiles. Although our phylogeny is limited due to scarcity of molecular data on these protists, our results confirm they are closely related to Proteromonas lacertae. Our findings show that unexpected parasites can be amplified from host samples (blood and tissue) using general procedures to detect hemoparasites, and stress that positive PCR amplifications alone should not be considered as definitive proof of infection by particular parasites. Further validation by sequence confirmation and thorough phylogenetic assessment will not only avoid false positives and biased prevalence estimates but also provide valuable information on the biodiversity and phylogenetic relationships of other parasitic organisms. More generally, our results illustrate the perils of general diagnosis protocols in parasitological studies and the need of cross-validation procedures.
The bird ectoparasite Dermanyssus hirundinis (Acari, Mesostigmata) in the High Arctic; a new parasitic mite to Spitsbergen, Svalbard
Authors: Gwiazdowicz Dariusz , Coulson Stephen , Grytnes John-Arvid , Pilskog Hanne 
Published: November 2012

AbstractEctoparasites are common on birds and in their nests. Amongst these parasites are diverse gamasid mite species that can lead to irritation, disease transmission and blood loss. Few studies of the ectoparasites of birds breeding in the High Arctic exist. The parasitic mite, Dermanyssus hirundinis, was found in nests of snow buntings Plectrophenax nivalis nivalis, both natural nests and within nesting boxes, on Spitsbergen. Densities per nest varied from sporadic to greater than 26,000 individuals. This is the northernmost observation of this parasite. The mite was present in new nests, nests constructed the previous year and nests not utilized the previous summer. The parasite survives at least 18 months without access to a blood meal and can tolerate the Arctic winter, surviving temperatures below −20°C. D. hirundinis is hence well adapted to arctic conditions. Only females were observed suggesting that this population is facultatively parthenogenetic.
Molecular characterization and phylogenetic relationships among microsporidian isolates infecting silkworm, Bombyx mori using small subunit rRNA (SSU-rRNA) gene sequence analysis
Authors: Nath B. , Gupta S. , Bajpai A. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe life cycle, spore morphology, pathogenicity, tissue specificity, mode of transmission and small subunit rRNA (SSU-rRNA) gene sequence analysis of the five new microsporidian isolates viz., NIWB-11bp, NIWB-12n, NIWB-13md, NIWB-14b and NIWB-15mb identified from the silkworm, Bombyx mori have been studied along with type species, NIK-1s_mys. The life cycle of the microsporidians identified exhibited the sequential developmental cycles that are similar to the general developmental cycle of the genus, Nosema. The spores showed considerable variations in their shape, length and width. The pathogenicity observed was dose-dependent and differed from each of the microsporidian isolates; the NIWB-15mb was found to be more virulent than other isolates. All of the microsporidians were found to infect most of the tissues examined and showed gonadal infection and transovarial transmission in the infected silkworms. SSU-rRNA sequence based phylogenetic tree placed NIWB-14b, NIWB-12n and NIWB-11bp in a separate branch along with other Nosema species and Nosema bombycis; while NIWB-15mb and NIWB-13md together formed another cluster along with other Nosema species. NIK-1s_mys revealed a signature sequence similar to standard type species, N. bombycis, indicating that NIK-1s_mys is similar to N. bombycis. Based on phylogenetic relationships, branch length information based on genetic distance and nucleotide differences, we conclude that the microsporidian isolates identified are distinctly different from the other known species and belonging to the genus, Nosema. This SSU-rRNA gene sequence analysis method is found to be more useful approach in detecting different and closely related microsporidians of this economically important domestic insect.
A new species of Aspidophryxus G.O. Sars, 1883 (Crustacea, Isopoda, Dajidae) from Caribbean mysid shrimp
Authors: Boyko Christopher , Williams Jason 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA new species of dajid isopod in the genus Aspidophryxus G.O. Sars, 1883 is described from three females and one male found infesting the lateral carapace of Heteromysis (Olivemysis) actiniae Clarke, 1955 (Mysidae: Heteromysinae) associated with the corkscrew anemone Bartholomea annulata (Lesuer, 1817) (Anthozoa: Aiptasiidae) from the British Virgin Islands. This is the first record of the genus from the western Atlantic; three other species are known from northern European waters, the central Atlantic and Japan, all on mysid hosts. The new species is the first dajid recorded from tropical Caribbean waters. A key to species in the genus and a list of all known hosts with parasite orientation are provided.
Molecular identification of Trichinella britovi in martens (Martes martes) and badgers (Meles meles); new host records in Poland
Authors: Moskwa Bożena , Goździk Katarzyna , Bień Justyna , Bogdaszewski Marek , Cabaj Władysław 
Published: November 2012

AbstractTrichinella larvae were detected in a marten (Martes martes) and a badger (Meles meles) in Poland. The animals were found dead following car accidents. All examined animals derived from the Mazurian Lake district, north-east Poland, near the village Kosewo Górne where Trichinella infection were earlier confirmed in wildlife; red foxes and wild boars. The muscle samples were examined by artificial pepsin-HCl digestion method. The parasites were identified as Trichinella britovi by multiplex polymerase chain reaction method. Larvae were found in two out of three martens and one out of seven examined badgers. This is the first report of the identification of Trichinella britovi larvae from martens and badgers in Poland.
In vivo inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase by aminoguanidine influences free radicals production and macrophage activity in Trichinella spiralis infected low responders (C57BL/6) and high responders (BALB/c) mice
Authors: Kołodziej-Sobocińska M. , Machnicka-Rowińska B. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
The influence of aminoguanidine (AG) — inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), on macrophage activity and free radicals level was examined during Trichinella spiralis infection in two strains of mice: C57BL/6 and BALB/c. AG was administered either between 1–5 days post infection (dpi) for intestinal phase examinations or between 16–29 dpi for muscle phase examinations. The number of peritoneal macrophages and level of nitric oxide NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in biological fluids were determined in both strains after infection or infection together with AG treatment as well as in control uninfected mice. The performed studies have proved, that free radicals play role in host immune response during intestinal and muscle phase of T.spiralis infection in mice. Inflammatory response in peritoneal cavity was delayed during infection in low responders C57BL/6 mice in comparison with high responders BALB/c mice. C57BL/6 mice are Th-1 like strain and react stronger to AG in contrary to BALB/c being Th-2 like strain. It was manifested as changes and fluctuations of free radicals levels and in the number of peritoneal macrophages after AG treatment in C57BL/6 mice. A weak or no reaction on AG injection in BALB/c mice is responsible for more stable and more effective defense response of the host to T. spiralis infection.
Prevalence of Cysticercus bovis in slaughtered cattle determined by traditional meat inspection in Croatian abattoir from 2005 to 2010
Authors: Zdolec N. , Vujević I. , Dobranić V. , Juras M. , Grgurević N. , Ardalić D. , Njari B. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the presence of Cysticercus bovis of slaughtered cattle in a Croatian slaughterhouse between 2005 and 2010. In total, 203 166 carcasses and organs were examined, of which in 228 C. bovis was found (0.11 %). The highest number of cysticercosis was found in cows (0.69 %, n = 13 605), then in steers (0.093 %; n = 134 212), and the lowest in calves (0.014 %; n = 55 349). Among the 228 positive specimens, 129 (56.57 %) came from rural estates and 99 (43.43 %) from farms. The ratio of invaded steers from rural estates (n = 2 790) and from farm breed (n = 131 422) was 1.075 %: 0.064 %, calves (n = 316 and n = 55 033) 0.316 %: 0.012 %, and cows (n = 8 985 and n = 4 620) 097 %: 0.15 %. The number of cysticercosis invaded cattle decreased from the initial 0.37 % to 0.07 %. Despite low prevalence, we consider that each positive result requires an individual epidemiologic study in order to decrease the risk even more.
Nematicidal and fertilizing effects of chicken manure, fresh and composted olive mill wastes on organic melon
Authors: Abdel-Dayem E. , Erriquens F. , Verrastro V. , Sasanelli N. , Mondelli D. , Cocozza C. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
The fertilizing and nematicidal effects of three organic amendments were evaluated in a pot experiment on melon plants infested by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne
incognita. A soil artificially infested with 4 eggs and juveniles/ ml soil of the nematode was amended with: a) virgin olive pomace (VOP); b) composted olive pomace (COP); c) chicken manure based fertilizer (CM) and d) chicken manure based fertilizer combined with the biological control agent Paecilomyces lilacinus strain 251, brand name BioAct WG (CMB). VOP was applied at doses of 11 (VOP-A), 22 (VOP-B) and 44 t/ha (VOP-C); COP at 4.5 (COP-A), 9 (COP-B) and 18 t/ha (COP-C); CM at 3 t/ha and CMB at 3 t/ha combined with 4 kg/ha of BioAct WG. Untreated soil was used as control. The treatments CM, CMB, VOP-B and COP-B were established on the basis of N requirement of melon plants (120 kg/ha) taking into account soil and amendments N availability. Two weeks later amendment application and nematode inoculation, the soil was poured in 4.8 l clay pots which were arranged in a greenhouse according to a randomized block design with ten replications for each treatment. A one-month old melon seedling (cv. Galia) was transplanted in each pot and organic farming management practices were used during the growing period. At the end of the experiment, 60 days after transplant, plants were uprooted and height, fresh and dry shoot and root weights were recorded. Root gall index, on the roots, caused by the nematode attack, was estimated according to a 0–5 scale. Final nematode population density and reproduction rate were also calculated for each pot. All data were subjected to statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means compared according to Least Significant Difference’s Test. Nematode population and root infestation were significantly suppressed by the addition of all amendments, compared to untreated control. However, CM and CMB resulted in a total more suppressive effect and in a significantly higher plant growth in comparison to all the other treatments. A significant correlation was found between root gall index and eggs and juveniles/g root and final nematode population density. No signifycant correlations were found between nematological parameters or plant growth parameters and amendment doses.
Reference organisms for assessing the impact of ionizing radiation on the environment of the southern Baltic Sea
Authors: Zalewska Tamara , Suplińska Maria 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Assessing the impact of ionizing radiation on the marine environment requires a well-defined methodology, which includes, among other elements, the analysis of exposure and effects. One of the most important components of the assessment system is the choice of reference organisms specific for the assessed area that fulfill requirements such as radioecological sensitivity, widespread distribution, and amenability to research and monitoring. The following species specific to the southern Baltic Sea that represent diversified ecological niches were proposed as reference organisms. Polysiphonia fucoides was proposed as a representative of macroalgae. Pelagic and benthic fauna were represented by Crangon crangon (crustacean), Saduria entomon (crustacean), Hediste diversicolor (polychaete), and Mytilus trossulus (mollusc). Fish were represented by Clupea harengus (pelagic planctotrophic fish), Gadus morhua (pelagic carnivorous fish), and Platichthys flesus (benthic fish). Activity concentrations of 137Cs were determined in reference biota as well as in seawater, as required for the total dose-rate evaluation, and relevant concentration factors were calculated.
Composition and dynamics of potentially toxic dinoflagellates in a shallow Mediterranean lagoon
Authors: Zina Armi , Elbahri Trabelsi , Souad Turki , Naceur Ben , Ezzeddine Mahmoudi 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
The population dynamics of harmful microalgae was investigated in the semi-enclosed shallow lagoon, Tunis northern lagoon (South Mediterranean), during a 1-year period from January to December 2007. A total number of 16 potentially toxic dinoflagellates were identified. Density of each species was analyzed in time and space and in relation to environmental parameters. Some species such as Alexandrium catenella, A. pseudogonyaulax, A. tamarense, Dinophysis sacculus, Prorocentrum lima, P. minimum and Gonyaulax spinifera developed high cell concentrations, particularly during spring and summer seasons. Other species such as A. insuetum, A. lee, A. minutum, Coolia monotis, D. acuminata, D. caudata, D. fortii, Ostreopsis siamensis and P. concavum were detected in this coastal ecosystem, but they were rare or appeared in very low densities.
Densities of the most abundant species were closely associated with spring and summer conditions, being positively correlated with water temperature and salinity. These species performed well in this lagoon, but the specific species-dependent affinity to each of the environment factors determined which organisms proliferated. The spatial distribution of the abundant species exhibited a marked increase towards the western and southern parts of the lagoon represented by sites C, D and E. Examination of the temporal distribution revealed that the species more prone to bloom are those with extensive spatial distribution and frequent presence throughout the year such as D. sacculus.

Statistical analysis of D. sacculus density dynamics showed a significant difference between summer and winter assemblages. It presented a positive correlation with water temperature and salinity, but it seems to be tolerant to all levels of nutrients.
Ostwald ripening in Al–Li alloys: A test of theory
Authors: Pletcher Ben A. , Wang Ke-Gang , Glicksman Martin E. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractExperimental characterization of microstructure evolution in three binary Al–Li alloys provides a quantitative test of diffusion screening theory. Particle size distributions, growth kinetics, and maximum particle sizes are obtained through quantitative, centered dark-field transmission electron microscopy. The dependences on δ′ precipitate volume fraction of the coarsening rate constant and maximum particle size are revealed, both of which have eluded determination for a half century. These experiments show that the diffusion screening theory for late-stage phase coarsening yields accurate predictions of maximum size of particle and relative coarsening constant.
Spectroscopic Studies of the Interaction between Metformin Hydrochloride and Bovine Serum Albumin
Authors: Tanwir Ahmad , Jahan Rahat , Quadir Mohiuddin Abdul , Kaisar Mohammad A , Hossain Md Khalid 
Published: November 2012

The affinity of a drug to serum albumin has influence on the pharmacokinetics of a drug. In the present study, the mutual interaction of metformin hydrochloride (MET) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy under different conditions. It was observed that the fluorescence quenching of BSA by metformin hydrochloride is a result of the formation of metformin hydrochloride- BSA complex with probable involvement of tryptophan residue. Fluorescence quenching constants were determined using the Stern- Volmer equation and Vant Hoff equation to provide a measure of the thermodynamic parameters ?G, ?H, and ?S at different temperatures indicating that the hydrogen bond and the hydrophobic forces play a major role for metformin hydrochloride- BSA association. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v11i1.12486 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 11(1): 45-49, 2012 (June)
The Role of FNAC in Diagnosis of Breast Disease at Different Ages - 208 Cases
Authors: Chaudhury S M Shafiul Azam , Alam Md Khurshid , Haque Md Serajul 
Published: November 2012

All breast lesions are not malignant, and all the benign lesions do not progress to cancer; however the accuracy of diagnosis can be increased by a combination of preoperative tests. About 30% of women suffer from breast disease in their lifetime. The main objectives are to explore the role of FNAC in diagnosis of breast disease at different ages. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has become a critical component in the investigation of palpable breast masses. Total 208 cases included in this study at Comilla. The data was formulated and analyzed by SPSS-12. 79(37.98%) cases were at the age of 21-30 years and next one was 11-20 years which was 48(23.07%). Among them 40(19.23%) cases were malignant and 168(80.77%) cases were benign in nature. The incidence of malignancy was increased with relation to age. As the age is more chance of malignancy is more. In benign types fibroadenoma was the common disease then the duct cell carcinoma, fibrocystic change, suppurative inflammation respectively. The findings were 43.75%, 19.23%, 18.27% and 8.65%.In conclusion, fine needle aspiration cytology, for diagnosis of breast lump can reduce the number of open biopsy and surgery. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v30i3.12462 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2012; 30: 137-140
Choriocarcinoma - Varied Presentations
Authors: Begum Shamsun Nahar 
Published: November 2012

Choriocarcinoma is a highly malignant tumour that originates in developing trophoblast of pregnancy. It is a potentially fatal disease but current management protocol has turned the prognosis highly favourable.Gestational choriocarcinoma is not a rare disease in our country. Various mode of presentation sometimes makes it difficult to diagnose.Eleven cases of choriocarcinoma were presented here along with treatment modalities and prognosis. Two patients expired during treatment while other respond well with chemotherapy. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment have better prognosis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v30i3.12464 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2012; 30: 145-150
Verruca: Need to Know about Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Infection
Authors: Khondker Lubna , Shah Md Obaidur Rahman , Khan Md Shirajul Shirajul Islam 
Published: November 2012

Verruca or warts are common significant cause of cosmetic concern and frustration of the patient. Social activities may be affected. Verruca are formed by benign proliferations of the skin and mucosa that are caused by infection with Human papilloma virus (HPV). These viruses do not produce acute signs or symptoms but induce a slow, focal expansion of epithelial cells. There are 100 types of Human papilloma virus (HPV). The natural history of common warts is for most of them to spontaneously resolve. But lesions are sometime uncomfortable. Warts typically continue to increase in size and distribution and may become more resistant to treatment over time. A significant proportion of women with genital HPV infection develops low-grade cervical lesions. Most of these low-grade lesions regress spontaneously; one study suggests that approximately 15 percent progress to high-grade cervical lesions within two years. High-grade cervical lesions have a strong malignant potential; one study found that about one-third of high-grade lesions progress to cancer within ten years. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v30i3.12465 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2012; 30: 151-158
Retroperitoneal Plasmacytoma: A Case Report
Authors: Hossain SM Amjad , Imtiaz Mohammad Rafiz , Verma Gopal 
Published: November 2012

Solitary Extramedullary Primary Plasmacytoma (SEMPP) is a rare neoplasm. When diagnosed, head and neck region is its most likely location. Rarely, it may occur in the retroperitoneum. We report a case of an elderly male who was admitted in the department of surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) with a Solitary Extramedullary Retroperitoneal Primary Plasmacytoma (SEMRPP). Subtotal excision of the mass was done. The patient was referred to the department of Oncology DMC for radiotherapy. The first report of an extramedullary plasmacytoma was in 1905 in Taiwan. To the best of our knowledge, there was no report of a Solitary Extramedullary Retroperitoneal Primary Plasmacytoma (SEMRPP) from Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v30i3.12467 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2012; 30: 167-169
Pleuro-Pulmonary Blastoma: A Rare Cause of Pleural Effusion in a Young Girl
Authors: Rashid Md Mamunur , Alam Mohammad Fakhrul , Hasanat Abu , Zamal Younus , Islam Zahidul , Rahman Md Mostafizur 
Published: November 2012

Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare, primitive primary neoplasm of the thorax that affects children. We present a case of a girl of 11 years who was admitted in National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital (NIDCH) with the complaints of high grade continued fever and shortness of breath. Initial physical examination and chest radiograph was suggestive of left sided massive pleural effusion. Along with pleural effusion, chest CT depicted a large heterogeneous mass occupying most of the left hemithorax. Computed tomography and bone scintigraphy suggested the mass to have a primary pulmonary origin. Cytologically the lesion was consistent with pleuropulmonary blastoma. Due to pleural involvement and presence of large inoperable mass, we considered chemotherapy as the first modality of treatment prior to surgery and managed thereby. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v30i3.12469 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2012; 30: 173-176