bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physio-Anatomical Potentials of Some Vegetable Species for Atmospheric Humidification and Purification in Ojo Area, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Omolokun Kehinde Theophilus , Oluwa Omoteso Karfeel , Sharaibi Olubunmi Josephine , Ojewumi Anthony Wale , Keshinro Olajide Muritala , Oyetunji Opeyemi Shakirat , Anofiu Rasheed Abayomi , Fernandez Gbemisola Ifeoluwa , Mamudu Mustapha Muhammed 
Published: July 2024

The stomatal features of plant species have capacity to release water vapour into the atmosphere. Therefore, the correlation between the stomatal features and transpiration rate in six vegetable species: Amaranthus cruentus, Capsicum annuum, Celosia argentia, Corchorus olitorius, Solanum lycopersicum and Talinum fruticosum were examined for their atmospheric humidification and purification. The leaf epidermal layers were isolated using nail polish; and were observed under the light microscope to examine their stomatal features. The transpiration rate was carried out using the cobalt chloride method. Results obtained reveal that all the six species are amphistomatic. The stomatal complex types observed are anisocytic, paratetracytic, staurocytic, brachyparatetracytic, anomotetracytic and anomocytic. The stomatal density ranged from 52.63 to 153.22 mm-2 on both leaf surfaces. The stomatal index ranged from 31.34 to 71.42% on both leaf surfaces. This investigation showed that stomatal features such as amphistomatic leaf nature, stomatal complex types (i.e. anomocytic, anomotetracytic, brachyparatetracytic, staurocytic, paratetracytic and anisocytic) with many subsidiary cells, high stomatal density and high stomatal index were responsible for the high transpiration rate of the studied species. Hence, Capsicum annuum humidifies the atmosphere most (8.85 × 10-6), followed by Solanum lycopersicum (8.83 × 10-6), Celosia argentia (7.29 × 10-6), Amaranthus cruentus (6.85 × 10-6), Talinum fruticosum (5.42 × 10-6), and the least was Corchorus olitorius (5.11 × 10-6 mol. M-2s -1 ). Conclusively, the stomatal traits showed positive correlations with transpiration rates, thereby enhancing atmospheric humidification and climate change mitigation (i.e. atmospheric purification).
Nickel-Based Catalysts for Deoxygenation of Biorefinery Products to Renewable Fuels: A Mini Review
Authors: Usman Faruk , Bayawa Aminu Muhammad , Sokoto Abdullahi Muhammad , Rabah Abdullahi Bako 
Published: July 2024

Nickel-based catalysts have shown decent performance in deoxygenation reactions. Although palladium catalyst is very effective for this reaction, its high cost increases the cost of production. This review concerns the deoxygenation reactions of higher fatty acids, vegetable oils, bio-oil and its model compounds to fuels using nickel-based catalysts. The hydrodeoxygenation and decarboxylation of model fatty acids and vegetable oils over nickel-based catalysts have been found to produce appreciable hydrocarbons that can be used directly as fuel in diesel engines. Similarly, bio-oil and its model compounds produce hydrocarbons in the presence of various nickel-based catalysts, but the yield is not as prominent as in vegetable oils. In general, the catalytic performance of nickel in such reactions depends on the co-metal, support and the reaction conditions. Like palladium and platinum, the electronic properties of nickel-metal have been shown to significantly contribute to the cleavage of the C–C or C–H bonds during the reactions. It has been reported that hydrogen molecule is stuck in the defect sites of the nickel=metal surface resulting in a decrease in the activation energy of hydrogen dissociation. Nickel, is, therefore, one of the most promising metals for catalyzing hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oils into hydrocarbons.
Malaria Prevalence and its Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at General Hospital Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Adesoye O.A. , Adeniyi K.A , Adeogun A.O. , Oyeniran O.A. , Akinsete I.O. , Akinleye C.A. , Alaje O.M. , Ezeonuegbu B.A. , Bello Z.T. 
Published: July 2024

Research into the frequency of malaria among pregnant women is still insufficient due to multiple challenges. Despite these difficulties, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of malaria and its associated factors among pregnant women visiting antenatal clinics at Dutse General Hospital in Jigawa State. This study adopted a quasi-experimental design involving 50 pregnant participants who provided consent. A questionnaire was administered, blood samples were collected, and laboratory analysis was performed following established and standard protocols. The data collected underwent analysis utilizing the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20, employing ANOVA with a significance level set at P<0.05. The study revealed a malaria prevalence of up to 22%. The age groups of 18-24 and 25-34 exhibited no significant difference (P >0.05) in malaria prevalence, both showing the highest rates at 36.36%. Conversely, the 35-45 age group displayed the lowest prevalence at 27.27%. Factors such as pregnancy stage, participant age, and socio-economic status were found to influence malaria prevalence in the study area. Owing to the results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that malaria infection among pregnant women in Dutse was relatively low. The study recommends that healthcare providers should provide comprehensive health education on malaria prevention during antenatal clinics.
Dose Optimization and Radiation Safety for Paediatric Patients in North Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Saad Habib , Ibrahim Umar , Yusuf Samson D. , Alhaji Adamu , Yahaya Bappah S. , Sidi M.M. 
Published: July 2024

Ionizing radiation from medical sources, primarily diagnostic X-rays, constitutes the largest artificial contribution. Variances in patient doses across radiological departments for similar examinations prompted surveys on patient doses in diagnostic radiology globally. The study Assess the Entrance Skin Dose for paediatric patients during specific radiological exams (Chest AP/PA, Skull AP, and Pelvic AP) and then compare the findings to the diagnostic reference levels established by international organizations. Three x-ray machines from three different tertiary health institutions with facilities for paediatric radiography were used under clinical conditions for the selected radiological examinations. A total of 135 TL dosimeter chips positioned selectively on patients at the axis of the primary X-ray beam to capture entrance skin dose/dose equivalent Hp (0.07). The TLD chips underwent analysis by heating using Harshaw 4500 automatic TLD reader and ESD for each patient was calculated using a given equation. Result indicated that the total average maximum and minimum mean and standard error (SE) value of age group of the participants are 0.60±0.3 – 13.50±0.7, tube loading kVp as 54.90±0.0 – 73.70±1.3 and tube current mAs 4.5±0.2 – 12.5±1.0 respectively. The mean values of ESDs found at each hospital are much higher than, the same published studies and the internationally recommended values and dose reference levels by National Radiation Protection Board (NRPB), International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), and European Commission (EU). This is presumably due to the use of low kVp and high mAs at all hospitals compared to the recommendations by National Radiation Protection Board (NRPB), International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and European Commission (EC).
Extraction and Quantification of Oil Extracted from Seeds of Underexploited Tropical Plants in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Akpan E.E. , Sam S.M. , Akpan E.A. , Okon J.E. , Okon O.G. 
Published: July 2024

Oil was extracted from seeds of Coula edulis, Dacryodes edulis, Garcinia kola and Cola lepidota, using n-hexane, chloroform and a fraction of n-hexane and chloroform (1:1) as extracting solvents. The extraction was carried out at a temperature of 60oC. Using n- hexane as the extracting solvent, 42.5%, 40.1%, 24.63% and 35.73% were the yields of oil extracted from C. edulis, D. edulis, G. kola and C. lepidota respectively. Values recorded for chloroform-extracted oil were 28.7%, 25.4%, 10.83% and 21.93% respectively. Using a fraction of n-hexane and chloroform (1:1), the experimental seeds had percentage oil yield of 31.4, 27.92, 13.53 and 24.63 respectively. The results show that C. edulis and D. edulis had high oil content, when compared with G. kola and C. lepidota. These results suggest that n-hexane remains a veritable solvent for extraction of oil from seeds of tropical plants.
Heavy Metals Contamination Awareness Among Leafy Vegetables Consumers in Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Nura , Igwe Ernest Chukwusoro , Dandago Munir Abba , Yusuf Hauwa Ladi , Adamu Hauwa Dauda 
Published: July 2024

The toxicity and accumulation behaviour of heavy metals (HMs) make them a potential danger not only to plants but also to humans. Heavy metals can have their way into humans through the consumption of contaminated foods. Understanding public perception of HM contamination will guide the concerned authorities in curtailing the risks associated with their consumption in foods. The research aim to assess the level of consumers' awareness of the presence of heavy metals (HMs) in commonly consumed leafy vegetables (amaranth, lettuce and cabbage) in Kano and the dangers associated with the consumption of HM-contaminated leafy vegetables. Data was gathered through oral interviews; 86 leafy vegetable habitual consumers were interviewed in the Kano metropolis. Information gathered includes demography of the respondents, vegetable sources, HM contamination awareness in irrigation water and vegetables, awareness of dangers associated with the consumption of HM-contaminated vegetables, awareness of possible contamination from other foods and activities that can worsen HM-related health problems in humans. The results revealed that over 91 % of the respondents consume all three types of vegetables (amaranth, lettuce and cabbage). The level of HMs contamination awareness among vegetable consumers in Kano is poor, the possibility of having HMs contamination in vegetables is known by only 23.26 % and only 5.58 % know that HMs contamination can cause health problems such as kidney failure and cancers. Education level does not influence the consumers' awareness of vegetable-heavy metal contamination.
Investigation of the Health Effects of Indoor and Outdoor Air Pollution from Aerosol Emission on School Children in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Okoro N.O. , Ojobeagu A.O. 
Published: July 2024

The health effects of exposure of children to indoor and outdoor air pollution from aerosols (particulate matter) at schools in Abakaliki have been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate how aerosol particles are dispersed within schools in Abakaliki and their health related issues. The aerosol dataset used for computation and analysis was obtained by direct monitoring and measurement of air pollution from aerosol emissions at schools in the area of study. From the results, the highest air quality indices (AQIs) values of 360 and 282 for particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) were obtained for outdoor and indoorair pollution at Ogoja Road Primary School. The results obtained also showed that the mean concentrations and air quality indices (AQIs) of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and particulate matter 10 (PM10) were relatively greater during the dry season than during the rainy season, mostly in the school closer to the generating sources than the schools farther from the sources. Similarly, the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 obtained in the study areas were greater than the World Health Organization (2021) guidelines for healthy air quality, which, if inhaled, may cause health problems such as difficulty in breathing and bizarre catarrh in schoolchildren. Additionally, sources such as dust, overcrowded classrooms, school locations close to busy roads, and combustion sites were the major contributors to air pollution from aerosols in schools at Abakaliki. This study may aid atmospheric/environmental researchers in monitoring air pollution from aerosols and its associated impacts on our environment for application to the good health of schoolchildren. These findings can aid policy makers in enacting guidelines and requirements for establishing new schools. To that effect, a clean environment for the safety and good health of schoolchildren in Abakaliki and beyond should be ensured.
Classification of 3D Sonar Point Clouds derived Underwater using Machine and Deep Learning (CANUPO and RandLA-Net) Approaches
Authors: Ntuli Simiso , Akombelwa Mulemwa , Forbes Angus , Singh Mayshree 
Published: July 2024

The techniques of point cloud classification in aquatic environments have various applications such as landslide hazard mapping, recovery of lost objects, underwater infrastructure inspection, exploration of mineral resources on the seabed, underwater cultural heritage documentation, environmental preservation and conservation purposes. This study combines acoustic (Sonar) and laser-based (Lidar) remote sensing technologies in an aquatic environment with two machine and deep learning approaches to illustrate the techniques to identify submerged objects. Firstly, the relative accuracy of the underwater imaging system, the BlueView BV5000 Mechanical Scanning Sonar, is evaluated at close range. Secondly, the supervised CANUPO and RandLA-Net classification approaches are used to classify submerged sonar point clouds. Common objects of interest, namely tyres and chairs, were selected for classification. Relative accuracy measurement results showed a centimetre-level root mean square error (RMSE) value, with good accuracies recorded when the scanner is positioned close to objects. The best results were achieved when the target objects were placed at a minimum distance of 2 m from the acoustic scanner. Subsequently, the results of point cloud classification were satisfactory for both approaches. An overall accuracy of 79.81% and an F1 score of 79.80% were achieved using the CANUPO classification approach. On the other hand, an 80.72% overall accuracy and an 80.63% F1 score were obtained using a RandLA-Net approach. These analyses provide a reasonable framework for the parameters that can be used when applying these techniques in natural aquatic environments.
The Ohrid Framework Agreement in North Macedonia between its institutional implementation and political instrumentalization
Authors: Çeliku Xhyla , Preston Anthony 
Published: July 2024

This article focuses on the peace agreement reached through international mediation in North Macedonia, known as the Ohrid Framework Agreement. In 2001, this agreement successfully brought together the conflicting parties: the government of the Republic of Macedonia (now North Macedonia), and the armed Albanian forces under the emblem of the National Liberation Army (UÇK). This agreement prevented the escalation of conflict on the scale of the Bosnian and Kosovo War, contributing to the easing of interethnic relations in North Macedonia. It aimed to advance the rights of non-Macedonian ethnic groups, particularly the rights of Albanians, who constitute numerically the second largest ethnic group in North Macedonia at around 30%, according to the latest population registration in 2022. This agreement was intended to be implemented within five years after its signing in 2001. However, even after 22 years, it remains unrealized concerning the fair representation of non-Macedonian ethnic groups within the state structure. Furthermore, it continues to be used as a discriminatory tool by the North Macedonian state. Worse yet, it has become a political instrument for achieving votes through employment, primarily favoring individuals closely associated with the ruling parties, party militants, and relatives of party leaders. This has resulted in the creation of a caste of state political administrators. On the other hand, it has led to unprecedented segregation among Albanians in North Macedonia, with the slogan: ‘This one belongs to us, that one not.’ Consequently, those who are not considered ‘ours’ are compelled to emigrate abroad in search of better living conditions. Over time, this has resulted in a significant exodus, primarily among young people, with official statistics estimating up to 700,000 individuals.
KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL ANTAR MAHASISWA DI ASRAMA SEBAGAI UPAYA MENJAGA KESEHATAN MENTAL
Authors: Juli Juli , Sulistyowati Fadjarini 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komunikasi interpersonal antar penghuni asrama dan peran komunikasi interpersonal dalam mendukung kesehatan mental. Komunikasi interpersonal menjadi bagian penting dari kegiatan manusia. Komunikasi dengan sesama bukan hanya menjadi ruang interaksi namun juga sebagai hiburan. Mahasiswa rantau seringkali mengalami culture shock dan kesepian selama tinggal di tempat yang belum dikenal. Hal ini menjadi salah satu pilihan mahasiswa memilih asrama, dengan penghuni yang memiliki kesamaan budaya, bahasa bahkan agama. Penelitian dilakukan di asrama putri mahasiswa Landak Kalimantan Barat dengan asumsi, asrama ini merupakan salah satu asrama cukup eksis dan kondusif di Kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis penelitian dengan teknik analisi interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komunikasi interpersonal antar penghuni asrama dilakukan dengan baik dan para penghuni merasakan kenyaman tinggal di asrama. Tetapi tidak semua penghuni asrama dapat membuka diri ke sesama penghuni asrama. Hal ini tergantung pada kepribadian masing-masing individu. Sehingga bisa dikatakan komunikasi interpersonal antar sesama penghuni asrama tidak selalu memberikan kontribusi pada kesehatan mental individu. Beberapa individu lebih dapat membuka diri ketika mereka sedang mengalami masalah pada sahabat di kampus, pasangan mereka atau Tuhan.
POLA KOMUNIKASI PADA CHELSEA INDONESIA SUPORTER CLUB (CISC) REGIONAL JOGJA
Authors: Yanus Yanus Purwansyah Sriyanto , John Eric Kurniawan  , Dian Rhesa Rahmayanti  
Published: July 2024

Dalam lingkungan sepak bola, suporter erat kaitannya dengan dukungan yang dilandasi perasaan cinta dan fanatisme terhadap tim. Pendukung adalah orang yang memberikan dukungan secara aktif. Suporter berperan memotivasi dan memompa semangat pemain yang sedang berlaga, mereka berkelompok serta menempati area di tribun stadion dengan melakukan aksi dukungan dan atraksi yang terkoordinir. Di Indonesia, sudah banyak bermunculan berbagai macam kelompok suporter sepak bola untuk klub-klub Eropa, atau lebih tepatnya suporter klub. Karena antusiasme masyarakat Indonesia terhadap sepak bola sangat besar maka dibentuklah beberapa kelompok suporter salah satunya Chelsea Indonesia Supporter Club (CISC). Banyak keuntungan yang bisa didapat saat bergabung dengan CISC Regional Jogja yaitu bisa saling mengenal dan menemukan teman atau sahabat baru. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pola komunikasi kelompok untuk menjaga kekompakan dan solidaritas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pola komunikasi kelompok di CISC Regional Jogja dengan menggunakan Teori Analisis Interaksi yang menekankan pada pengambilan keputusan dengan mempertimbangkan segala hal yang berkaitan dengan pandangan atau komentar yang dikemukakan anggota.
МЕТАМОДЕРННІҢ ҚАЗАҚСТАН ПОП-МУЗЫКАСЫНДАҒЫ КӨРІНІСІ
Authors: Мухсиынова Мерует 
Published: July 2024

ХХІ ғасырдың басында ақпараттық технологиялардың қарқынды дамуы адамзаттың цифрлық дәуірге өтуіне әкелді, онда жаһандық капитализмнің пайда болуына байланысты барлық мәселелер жаһандық мәртебеге ие болды. Бұл құбылысқа жауап ретінде жаңа жалпы "тіл" - метамодернизм қалыптасты. Cонымен қатар, осы «тіл» уақыт рухының көрінісі болып табылатын музыкада да көріне бастады. Аталмыш зерттеудің мақсаты - осы құбылыстың әртүрлілігін ескере отырып, қазақстандық поп-музыкадағы метамодернизмнің көріністерін анықтау. Зерттеудің міндеттері қазақстандық поп-музыкадағы метамодерндік элементтерді тиісті теорияны пайдалана отырып талдауды қамтиды. Зерттеу бастамасына постструктуралист теориялық перспективасы таңдалып, заманауи поп музыка дискурсын анықтау мақсатында музыкалық этнография әдіснамасын, соның ішінде контент анализ әдісі пайдаланылды. Зерттеу нәтижесінде метамодерндік тенденциялары бар поп-музыканың категориялық ерекшеліктері анықталды. Зерттеудің негізгі қорытындылары қазақстандық поп-музыка өзінің ұлттық бірегейлігін сақтай отырып және қазіргі заманғы үрдістерге сәйкес әлемдік музыкалық мәдениетте өз орнын алатынын атап көрсетеді. Заманауи «сезім құрылымын» көрсететін өзіндік модельді қалыптастырудағы бейнесі сұрыпталады. Бұл зерттеу музыкатану және мәдениеттану тұрғысынан қазақстандық поп-музыканы зерттеуге үлес қосатынына сенемін.
ФЕНОМЕН ЦИКЛИЧНОСТИ И ЕГО ПРОЯВЛЕНИЯ В МУЗЫКЕ
Authors: Токмурзиева Динара , Абдрахман Гульнар 
Published: July 2024

Данная работа посвящена изучению особенностей проявления феномена цикличности во внемузыкальном пространстве и его специфическому воплощению в музыкальном искусстве. Предметом исследования послужили циклические фортепианные произведения «несонатного» типа. Одной из поставленных задач стало теоретическое осмысление сущности цикличности как универсальной категории и разнообразие реализации принципа цикличности в казахстанской фортепианной музыке. В работе применяются как общенаучные, так и специальные методы анализа, включая исторический, сравнительный и проблемно-логический подход, а также музыковедческие методы, такие как структурный анализ формы и формально-стилистический метод. Особое внимание уделяется анализу «Прелюдии и фуги» и «Триптиха» Бакира Баяхунова, которые рассматриваются как примеры авторского взгляда на цикличность. Результаты исследования подчеркивают многоуровневость циклического движения, включая постоянную смену фаз и взаимодействие элементов различных циклов. В музыке же, цикличность приобретает дополнительные характеристики, включающие в себя наличие условного контраста и автономность каждой из частей цикла.