bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MyVivarium: A cloud-based lab animal colony management application with realtime ambient sensing
Authors: Vidva Robinson , Raza Mir Abbas , Prabhakaran Jaswant , Sheikh Ayesha , Sharp Alaina , Ott Hayden , Moore Amelia , Fleisher Christopher , Netherton Hailey , Goldstein Evan , Pitychoutis Pothitos M. , Nguyen Tam V. , Sathyanesan Aaron 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTManagement of research-animal colonies is vital for lab productivity in preclinical research. Labs often rely on inefficient paper-based or spreadsheet-based methods to manage animal colonies. Dedicated software-based solutions are generally expensive and many lack remote access. Currently available open-source alternatives are difficult to implement and deploy. These solutions also do not have the capability to track ambient variables that affect colony well-being. We builtMyVivarium, an open-source database management web application to address these gaps. MyVivarium can be easily deployed to the cloud and sustained for a cost comparable to starting and maintaining a lab website. Using MyVivarium, lab members can collaboratively track individual animals within a database. Physical identities of cages map onto the database using QR codes, enabling quick and easy record-keeping on mobile devices. Lab administrators can assign tasks to users with reminders for experiments or cage maintenance. Finally, we designed a low-cost system to sense ambient humidity, temperature, vivarium worker activity, and room illuminance. These data are then sent to MyVivarium in realtime providing information relevant to colony well-being. Taken together, MyVivarium is a novel, open-source, cloud-based application template that provides a low-cost, simple, and efficient way to digitally manage research-animal colonies.
Genomic Study of Taste Perception Genes in African Americans Reveals SNPs Linked to Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Joseph Paule Valery , Abbas Malak , Goodney Gabriel , Diallo Ana , Gaye Amadou 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundWhile previous research has shown the potential links between taste perception pathways and brain-related conditions, the area involving Alzheimer’s disease remains incompletely understood. Taste perception involves neurotransmitter signaling, including serotonin, glutamate, and dopamine. Disruptions in these pathways are implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. The integration of olfactory and taste signals in flavor perception may impact brain health, evident in olfactory dysfunction as an early symptom in neurodegenerative conditions. Shared immune response and inflammatory pathways may contribute to the association between altered taste perception and conditions like neurodegeneration, present in Alzheimer’s disease.MethodsThis study consists of an exploration of expression-quantitative trait loci (eQTL), utilizing whole-blood transcriptome profiles, of 28 taste perception genes, from a combined cohort of 475 African American subjects. This comprehensive dataset was subsequently intersected with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Finally, the investigation delved into assessing the association between eQTLs reported in GWAS of AD and the profiles of 741 proteins from the Olink Neurological Panel.ResultsThe eQTL analysis unveiled 3,547 statistically significant SNP-Gene associations, involving 412 distinct SNPs that spanned all 28 taste genes. In 17 GWAS studies encompassing various traits, a total of 14 SNPs associated with 12 genes were identified, with three SNPs consistently linked to Alzheimer’s disease across four GWAS studies. All three SNPs demonstrated significant associations with the down-regulation ofTAS2R41, and two of them were additionally associated with the down-regulation ofTAS2R60. In the subsequent pQTL analysis, two of the SNPs linked toTAS2R41andTAS2R60genes (rs117771145 and rs10228407) were correlated with the upregulation of two proteins, namely EPHB6 and ADGRB3.ConclusionsOur investigation introduces a new perspective to the understanding of Alzheimer’s disease, emphasizing the significance of bitter taste receptor genes in its pathogenesis. These discoveries set the stage for subsequent research to delve into these receptors as promising avenues for both intervention and diagnosis. Nevertheless, the translation of these genetic insights into clinical practice requires a more profound understanding of the implicated pathways and their pertinence to the disease’s progression across diverse populations.
Self-organizing ovarian somatic organoids preserve cellular heterogeneity and reveal cellular contributions to ovarian aging
Authors: Dipali Shweta S. , Gowett Madison Q. , Kamat Pratik , Converse Aubrey , Zaniker Emily J. , Fennell Abigail , Chou Teresa , Pritchard Michele T. , Zelinski Mary , Phillip Jude M. , Duncan Francesca E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOvarian somatic cells are essential for reproductive function, but no existingex vivomodels recapitulate the cellular heterogeneity or interactions within this compartment. We engineered a novel ovarian somatic organoid model by culturing a stroma-enriched fraction of mouse ovaries in scaffold-free agarose micromolds. Ovarian somatic organoids self-organized, maintained diverse cell populations, produced extracellular matrix, and secreted hormones. Organoids generated from reproductively old mice exhibited reduced aggregation and growth compared to young counterparts, as well as differences in cellular composition. Interestingly, matrix fibroblasts from old mice demonstrated upregulation of pathways associated with the actin cytoskeleton and downregulation of cell adhesion pathways, indicative of increased cellular stiffness which may impair organoid aggregation. Cellular morphology, which is regulated by the cytoskeleton, significantly changed with age and in response to actin depolymerization. Moreover, actin depolymerization rescued age-associated organoid aggregation deficiency. Overall, ovarian somatic organoids have advanced fundamental knowledge of cellular contributions to ovarian aging.
The limitation of lipidation: conversion of semaglutide from once-weekly to once-monthly dosing
Authors: Schneider Eric L. , Hangasky John A. , del Valle Fernandez Rocio , Ashley Gary W. , Santi Daniel V. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe objective of this work was to develop a long-acting form of the lipidated peptide semaglutide that can be administered to humans once-monthly. Semaglutide was attached to 50 μ diameter hydrogel microspheres by a cleavable linker with an expected in vivo release half-life of about one-month. After a single subcutaneous dose, the pharmacokinetic parameters of released semaglutide were determined in normal mice and the bodyweight loss was determined in diet induced obese mice. The results were used to simulate the pharmacokinetics of semaglutide released from the microspheres in humans.Semaglutide tethered to microspheres by a cleavable linker could be completely released with an in vitro half-life of ∼55 days at pH 7.4. The in vivo half-life of released semaglutide was ∼30 days, and a single dose in diet-induced obese mice resulted in a lean-sparing body weight loss of 20% over 1 month, statistically the same as semaglutide dosed twice daily. Simulations indicated the microsphere-semaglutide would permit once-monthly administration in humans. The microsphere-semaglutide conjugate described here should be suitable for once-monthly dosing in humans, and the same approach should enable conversion of other lipidated peptides from once-weekly to once-monthly administration.
Differential Drug Susceptibility Across Trichomonasvirus Species Allows for Generation of Varied Isogenic Clones ofTrichomonas vaginalis
Authors: Hetzel Carrie A. , Appah-Sampong Akua A. , Hurst-Manny Austin R. , Nibert Max L. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTTrichomonas vaginalis(Tvag) is a sexually transmitted human pathogen that is commonly infected with strains of one or more of five known species of Trichomonas vaginalis viruses (TVVs), members of genusTrichomonasvirus. TVVs are thought not to have an extracellular phase to their lifecycle and instead to be transmitted vertically from mother to daughter cells. As a result, generation of isogenic virus-positive and virus-negative sets of Tvag clones has been a major barrier to study interactions between TVVs and their host. Nucleoside analog 2’-C-methylcytidine (2CMC) has been recently reported to clear trichomonads of infections with TVV1, TVV2, and TVV3. We used 2CMC to treat a panel of Tvag isolates that collectively harbor at least one representative strain of each TVV species and thereby provided evidence that infections with TVV4 and TVV5 can also be cleared by 2CMC. Furthermore, our results suggest a newly identified difference in drug susceptibility between TVV species. We took advantage of these susceptibility difference to generate isogenic sets of Tvag clones harboring different combinations of the five TVV species. These results provide both new insight into differences between these species and new avenues for generating tools to study the potential roles of TVVs in Tvag biology.
Primary care-based approaches to reduce readmissions: older patients’ perspectives on the transition of care from secondary care to primary care
Authors: Sheeran-Purcell Luke , McCombe Geoff , Broughan John , Sietins Emils , Fawsitt Ronan , Queally Martina , Lynch Timothy , Cullen Walter 
Published: August 2024

PurposeReadmissions to the hospital are expensive and can have negative health consequences for patients. Older adults are at greater risk of readmission. Patient perspectives are valuable in identifying areas for improvement in the transition of care. The purpose of this qualitative study is to increase our understanding of patients’ perspectives on the transition of care from hospital to primary care.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a qualitative methodology to conduct semi-structured interviews with patients who have been discharged from hospitals in the Ireland East Hospital Group region. Remote interviews were conducted with 18 participants from eight general practices. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis as described by Braun and Clarke.FindingsThe three main themes identified were communication, outpatient supports and patient education. Gaps in communication do occur, but patients are often too external to comment. Patients benefit from a wide variety of outpatient supports including general practice, family, carers, allied health professionals and voluntary organisations. Access and cost are barriers to these supports. Participants were generally positive towards proposed primary care-based interventions such as follow-up appointments with general practitioners (GPs) and education sessions.Originality/valueThis study highlights a number of areas for improvement in the transition of care in current practice including communication between services and access to outpatient care. It also suggests directions for further research, such as explorations of healthcare provider perspectives and pilot studies of readmission reduction interventions.
Analysing policy success and failure in Australia: Pink batts and set‐top boxes
Authors: Casey Daniel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article examines two Australian government programs from the Rudd/Gillard Labor government, the Home Insulation Program (HIP) and the Digital Switchover Household Assistance Scheme (HAS). Both became shibboleths of the Labor government's perceived waste and incompetence. Using key informant interviews and documents obtained under freedom of information (FOI), I analyse these programs against the multiple ‘dimensions’ of success proposed by Newman and common narrative frames around programme failure. I argue that the HAS was broadly successful across most dimensions of success, notwithstanding the adverse media attention. The study identifies four key factors driving HIP's failure: scheme design, installer training, demand control, and departmental expertise. All of these came back to the timeline pressures, driven by conflicting priorities, which in turn gave the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (PM&C) more influence than would usually be the case. In comparison, HAS's success is attributed to crucial design choices, like the phased rollout and head contractor model. The article identifies the danger of ignoring subject matter expertise and poor policy/Cabinet processes, which have been reinforced by the recent Royal Commission into the Robodebt Scheme.Points for practitioners
Demand‐driven programmes need to have demand‐side control techniques built into them.
The role of central agencies needs to be carefully considered, particularly in relation to areas that are not their expertise, such as detailed programme development and implementation.
Lessons about poor policy and Cabinet processes, as well as cultural change from the Pink Batts Royal Commission, do not appear to have been sufficiently embedded in the culture of the APS, as there are ongoing echoes of the same problems evident in the Robodebt Royal Commission.
Microwave detection technique combined with deep learning algorithm facilitates quantitative analysis of heavy metal Pb residues in edible oils
Authors: Deng Jihong , Zhao Xinke , Luo Wangfei , Bai Xue , Xu Leijun , Jiang Hui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe heavy metal content in edible oils is intricately associated with their suitability for human consumption. In this study, standard soybean oil was used as a sample to quantify the specified concentration of heavy metals using microwave sensing technique. In addition, an attention‐based deep residual neural network model was developed as an alternative to traditional modeling methods for predicting heavy metals in edible oils. In the process of microwave data processing, this work continued to discuss the impact of depth on convolutional neural networks. The results demonstrated that the proposed attention‐based residual network model outperforms all other deep learning models in all metrics. The performance of this model was characterized by a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9605, a relative prediction deviation (RPD) of 5.0479, and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 3.1654 mg/kg. The research findings indicate that the combination of microwave detection technology and chemometrics holds significant potential for assessing heavy metal levels in edible oils.
Bipolar disorder and oxidative stress: A bibliometric perspective
Authors: Gui Zhen , Zhang Qinge , Sha Sha , Li Xiao‐Hong , Su Zhaohui , Cheung Teris , Cui Xi‐Ling , Ungvari Gabor S. , Wong Katrine K. , Ng Chee H. , Yuan Feng , Xiang Yu‐Tao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveAccumulating evidence indicates that oxidative stress and the disruption of antioxidant defenses play an important role in the neurobiology of bipolar disorder (BD). Studies have found that increased oxidative stress may be associated with cell apoptosis and neuronal damage in BD patients. Hence, this study explored the research field related to BD and oxidative stress from a bibliometrics perspective.MethodsLiterature search and relevant data retrieval based on the Web of Sciences Core Collection (WoSCC). R software (version 4.2.2), VOSviewer software (version 1.6.18), and CiteSpace (version 6.1.6) were used in this bibliometric analysis.ResultsA total of 2081 publications related to BD and oxidative stress were published between 1986 and 2024. Bipolar Disorders was the journal that had the most publications in this area (72; 3.46%; IF = 5.9), while the United States (1285; 61.7%) and the University of Toronto (377; 18.1%) were the most productive country and institution, respectively. Apart from “oxidative stress” and “bipolar disorder,” the most frequently used keywords were “schizophrenia,” “prefrontal cortex,” and “nitric oxide.”ConclusionsThe growing number of publications related to BD and oxidative stress in recent years highlights the importance of this research field. Hot topics in research related to BD and oxidative stress included animal experiments and molecular mechanisms, psychiatric‐related inflammation and biomarkers, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolism. Furthermore, the biological mechanisms of BD, particularly biomarkers and inflammation, may be the emerging research priority area in the future.
Myokines are associated with progression, course and mortality in alcohol‐associated liver disease
Authors: Kaur Parminder , Verma Nipun , Garg Pratibha , Ralmilay Samonee , Wadhawan Aishani , Nadda Rohit , Prajapati Jiya , Sharma Gaurav , Rathi Sahaj , De Arka , Premkumar Madhumita , Taneja Sunil , Singal Ashwani K. , Duseja Ajay 
Published: August 2024

SummaryBackground and AimsMyokines are the muscle‐derived hormones orchestrating muscle and systemic health. Their role in the progression of alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD) remains elusive.MethodsThree‐hundred‐one patients across the spectrum of ALD including fatty liver (FL, N = 13), compensated cirrhosis (CC, N = 17), non‐acute decompensation (NAD, N = 95), acute decompensation (AD, N = 51) and acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF, N = 125) were recruited between 2021 and 2023. Plasma myostatin, decorin levels, nutritional status, handgrip strength (HGS), systemic inflammation, infection, ammonia, disease course and 30‐day mortality were recorded.ResultsPatients aged 48 years (IQR: 38–52) and 97.7% of males were enrolled. Myostatin was elevated while decorin was reduced in cirrhosis compared to without cirrhosis, and further in DC compared to CC (p < 0.001). A step‐wise increase in myostatin and reduction in decorin was observed transitioning from NAD to AD to ACLF (p < 0.001). Myostatin was further increased and decorin was reduced along with the grades and organ failures in AD and ACLF (p < 0.001, each). Baseline decorin (AUC: 0.797) and its combination with MELD (AUC: 0.814) predicted disease resolution in AD and ACLF. Although, both myostatin (aOR: 18.96) and decorin (aOR: 0.02) could predict mortality, decorin was independent (aOR: 0.04) and additive to MELD (AUC of MELD+logDecorin + logTLC + HE‐grade:0.815); p < 0.05 each. Myostatin increased and decorin reduced with inflammation, hyperammonaemia, malnutrition and HGS in AD and ACLF (p < 0.05, each).ConclusionMyokines are linked with malnutrition, fibrosis, systemic inflammation, organ failures, disease course and mortality in ALD. Decorin enhances the risk estimation of mortality of MELD in AD and ACLF. Therapeutic modulation of myokines is a potentially disease‐modifying target in ALD.
Iron metabolism in sickle cell disease patients undergoing chronic red blood cell exchange: A delicate homeostasis in balance
Authors: Valentini Caterina Giovanna , Teofili Luciana , Gehrie Eric 
Published: August 2024

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited haemoglobinopathy associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Automated red blood cell exchange (aRCE) plays a key role in managing SCD, eliciting both therapeutic and prophylactic effects. The ideal post‐apheresis Ht target for chronic aRCE treatment is not yet unanimously recognized, as well as iron homeostasis can be different among patients. Ross et al. reported their experience on the chronic management of SCD patients undergoing aRCE with a final post‐exchange Ht higher than the value commonly adopted, analysing red blood cell transfusion requirements and iron‐related outcomes in the study population.Commentary on: Ross et al. Automated red blood cell exchange with a post‐procedure haematocrit targeted at 34% in the chronic management of sickle cell disease. Br J Haematol 2024 (Online ahead of print). doi: 10.1111/bjh.19674.
Soil organic carbon formation efficiency from straw/stover and manure input and its drivers: Estimates from long‐term data in global croplands
Authors: Yin Yulong , Chen Zhong , Gong Haiqing , He Kai , Miao Qi , Tian Xingshuai , Wang Zihan , Wang Yingcheng , Zheng Huifang , Cui Zhenling 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNew soil organic carbon (SOC) formation in cropland from straw/stover or manure input is a vital source of SOC for climate change mitigation. However, location and variations in the efficiency, specifically the ratio of new SOC formation to organic C input (NCE), remain unquantified globally. In this study, the spatial variability of cropland NCE from straw/stover or manure input and explanatory factors were determined by analyzing 897 pairs of long‐term field measurements from 404 globally distributed sites and by mapping grid‐level cropland NCEs. The global NCE for paddy and upland averaged 13.8% (8.7%–25.1%, 5th–95th percentile) and 10.9% (6.8%–17.3%), respectively. The initial SOC and the clay content of soil, rather than temperature, were the most important factors regulating NCE. A parabola with an apex at approximately 17 g kg−1 between the initial SOC and NCE was resolved, and a positive correlation between soil clay content and NCE was observed. High‐resolution mapping of the global NCE derived from manure/straw and insight into NCE dynamics provide a benchmark for diagnosing cropland soil C dynamics under climate change and identifying priority regions and actions for C management.
Interaction between magnetite and inoculum characteristics in accelerating methane production kinetics
Authors: Al‐Essa Ethar M. , Bello‐Mendoza Ricardo , Wareham David G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMagnetite nanoparticles can boost methane production via direct interspecies electron transfer. However, the combined effect of inoculum and particle characteristics on magnetite's methanogenesis stimulation is poorly understood. Here, the influence of inoculum type, particle size, and particle concentration on the ability of magnetite to accelerate methanogenesis was studied in batch anaerobic digestion experiments. Fresh and degassed mesophilic digester sludge was used as inoculum, representing methanogenic communities in the exponential or stationary growth and endogenous decay phases, respectively. Three magnetite particle size ranges, small (50–150 nm), medium (168–490 nm), and large (800 nm–4.5 μm), at two different concentrations (2 and 7 mM) were used. With degassed sludge, the effect of magnetite on the methane production rate was weak and depended on the particle size and concentration. Only magnetite of medium size at both 2 and 7 mM significantly increased the methane production rate by 12% compared to the control with no magnetite. The lag phase was reduced by 17% compared to the control, only with 2 mM of both small and medium size magnetite. Conversely, adding magnetite into fresh sludge significantly increased the methane production rate by an average of 32% while simultaneously decreasing the lag phase by 15%–40%, as compared to the control, independently of the magnetite's size and concentration. The stimulation of methane production depends on magnetite and inoculum characteristics.