bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two cases of localized neuroblastoma with multiple segmental chromosomal alterations and metastatic progression
Authors: Morales La Madrid Andres , Nall Melanie Beglin , Ouyang Karen , Minor Agata , Raca Gordana , Kent Paul , Miller Ira , Schleiermacher Gudrun , Janoueix‐Lerosey Isabelle , Cohn Susan L. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractSurgery alone is curative for most children with localized MYCN‐non‐amplified neuroblastoma. However, 10–15% will develop recurrent loco‐regional disease, and very rarely, patients will relapse metastatically. Currently, it is not possible to predict which child with localized, MYCN‐non‐amplified neuroblastoma will develop disseminated disease. We report two children who presented with favorable biology, localized neuroblastoma and subsequently relapsed with metastatic disease after treatment with surgery. Whole‐genome DNA copy number analyses performed on the diagnostic tumors identified 15 (case 1) and 8 (case 2) segmental chromosomal alterations. Further analysis of the prognostic value of whole‐genome analysis in children with localized neuroblastoma is warranted. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013;60:332–335. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fast protocol for the diagnosis of lysosomal diseases in nonimmune hydrops fetalis
Authors: Gort Laura , Granell M. Reyes , Fernández Gema , Carreto Práxedes , Sanchez Aurora , Coll M. José 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveNonimmune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) is defined by the excessive fluid accumulation in more than one foetal compartments and body cavities because of nonimmune reasons. It has been described that 14 lysosomal diseases may be causative of NIHF. The aim of this study was to design a fast protocol to investigate the most frequent lysosomal diseases that are reported that may cause NIHF.MethodWe analysed the glycosaminoglycans excretion in the amniotic fluid supernatant and four different lysosomal enzymatic activities in the amniotic cultured cells of the different NIHF amniotic fluids we received.ResultsWe investigated 30 NIHF cases, using this fast protocol. We detected two cases of NIHF because of lysosomal diseases, which represent 6.6%. We diagnosed one case of mucopolysaccharidosis type VII and one case of Gaucher disease.ConclusionThe fast protocol we designed analyses seven of the most frequent lysosomal pathologies that have been described that may cause NIHF, with only five different determinations, which make the analysis of NIHF fast, cost‐effective and without need of too much amniotic fluid. We believe this protocol may be useful for the analysis of lysosomal diseases in NIHF. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pediatric chronic lower respiratory disorders: Microbiological and immunological phenotype
Authors: Bugin S. , Lunardi F. , Bertuola F. , Snijders D. , Bottecchia L. , Perissinotto E. , Calabrese F. , Barbato A. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe role of infectious agents in children with recurrent/chronic lower respiratory disorders (R/CLRDs) is not clear, whereas it has been largely studied in acute respiratory diseases. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the frequency of infections, in particular viral infections, in children with R/CLRDs correlating their presence with clinical/biohumoral parameters.Eighty children affected by R/CLRDs underwent bronchoscopy and analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) for cells, mediators (eosinophil cationic protein—ECP, interleukin—IL‐8, tumor necrosis factor—TNFα) and pathogens (viruses and bacteria).Viral genomes were detected in 50/80 (62.5%) children. Rhinovirus, the principal detected virus (26/50, 52%), occurred more frequently in male children. Higher percentages of BAL neutrophils and IL‐8 values were detected in virus positive than negative children.ECP values resulted significantly higher in the children with rhinovirus than in those with other viruses. No other statistically significant correlation between viral findings and clinical/biohumoral data were found.Respiratory viruses, especially rhinovirus, seem to play an important role in children with R/CLRDs. They are associated with changes in BAL cellularity and inflammatory cytokines. Further studies are needed to confirm the persistence of viruses in these patients and to identify eventual therapeutic strategies. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:780–788. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Delayed radical prostatectomy for intermediate‐risk prostate cancer is associated with biochemical recurrence: Possible implications for active surveillance from the SEARCH database
Authors: Abern Michael R. , Aronson William J. , Terris Martha K. , Kane Christopher J. , Presti Joseph C. , Amling Christopher L. , Freedland Stephen J. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractINTRODUCTIONActive surveillance (AS) is increasingly accepted as appropriate management for low‐risk prostate cancer (PC) patients. It is unknown whether delaying radical prostatectomy (RP) is associated with increased risk of biochemical recurrence (BCR) for men with intermediate‐risk PC.METHODSWe performed a retrospective analysis of 1,561 low and intermediate‐risk men from the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital (SEARCH) database treated with RP between 1988 and 2011. Patients were stratified by interval between diagnosis and RP (≤3, 3–6, 6–9, or >9 months) and by risk using the D'Amico classification. Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze BCR. Logistic regression was used to analyze positive surgical margins (PSM), extracapsular extension (ECE), and pathologic upgrading.RESULTSOverall, 813 (52%) men were low‐risk, and 748 (48%) intermediate‐risk. Median follow‐up among men without recurrence was 52.9 months, during which 437 men (38.9%) recurred. For low‐risk men, RP delays were unrelated to BCR, ECE, PSM, or upgrading (all P > 0.05). For intermediate‐risk men, however, delays >9 months were significantly related to BCR (HR: 2.10, P = 0.01) and PSM (OR: 4.08, P < 0.01). Delays >9 months were associated with BCR in subsets of intermediate‐risk men with biopsy Gleason score ≤3 + 4 (HR: 2.51, P < 0.01), PSA ≤ 6 (HR: 2.82, P = 0.06), and low tumor volume (HR: 2.59, P = 0.06).CONCLUSIONSFor low‐risk men, delayed RP did not significantly affect outcome. For men with intermediate‐risk disease, delays >9 months predicted greater BCR and PSM risk. If confirmed in future studies, this suggests delayed RP for intermediate‐risk PC may compromise outcomes. Prostate 73: 409–417, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
SRS in di‐glycine nitrate (NH2CH2COOH)2 · HNO3 crystals: Observation of high‐gain many‐phonon nonlinear interactions
Authors: Kaminskii Alexander A. , Lux Oliver , Haussühl Eiken , Rhee Hanjo , Haussühl Siegfried , Eichler Hans Joachim , Yoneda Hitoki , Shirakawa Akira , Ueda Ken‐ichi , Hanuza Jerzy 
Published: September 2012

AbstractEfficient high‐gain many‐phonon steady‐state stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) was excited in the novel χ(3)‐active organic crystal of di‐glycine nitrate (DGN), (NH2CH2COOH)2 · HNO3, at room temperature under picosecond laser pumping in the visible and near‐IR regions. Besides high‐order Stokes and anti‐Stokes (comb) generation in this centrosymmetric crystal, several cascaded and cross‐cascaded χ(3) ↔ χ(3) nonlinear photon–phonon interactions were observed. The recorded Raman‐induced lasing wavelengths were identified and attributed to the SRS‐promoting optical vibration modes ωSRS1 ≈ 1058 cm−1, ωSRS2 ≈ 2985 cm−1, ωSRS3 ≈ 895 cm−1, and ωSRS4 ≈ 3000 cm−1. The measured large Raman frequency shifts (≈3000 cm−1) and estimated moderately high steady‐state Raman gain coefficients ($g_{{\rm ssR}}^{{\rm St}_{1} } $ ≥ 6.5 cm · GW−1) make this DGN crystal attractive for a number of new applications in modern laser physics and nonlinear optics.
Precise millisecond annealing for advanced material processing
Authors: Reichel Denise , Skorupa Wolfgang 
Published: September 2012

AbstractFlash lamp annealing (FLA) reduces the thermal budget on the bulk and thus hinders undesired thermal diffusion. For reliable process control, however, a temperature measurement concept is needed that is capable of facing the high radiation background of the flash lamps and the millisecond detection regime at the same time (Reichel et al., Crit. Rev. Solid State Mater. Sci. 36, 102 (2011) [1]). A new concept has been developed for precise in‐situ temperature measurement during flash‐lamp millisecond annealing. There has been taking advantage of FLA for various applications. Implantation and subsequent FLA were used to obtain III‐V semiconductor quantum dots on silicon pillars (Prucnal et al., Nano Lett. 11, 2814 (2011) [2]). The same procedure was applied to achieve superconductivity with conventional silicon technolog (Fiedler et al., Phys. Rev. B 83, 214504 (2011) [3]). FLA was further used for advanced doping of “dirty‐silicon” solar cells. The short annealing cycles allow for successful dopant activation while undesired metal impurities remain electrically inactive (Prucnal et al., Acta Phys. Pol. A 120, 192 (2011) [4]). These examples show that in‐situ process control is required to make sure the major advantage of millisecond annealing is not narrowed by unreliable temperature measurement. In this contribution, a method will be presented that satisfies this issue by in‐situ distinction between thermal and flash lamp radiation (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Scale Selection Properties of Generalized Scale-Space Interest Point Detectors
Authors: Lindeberg Tony 
Published: September 2012

AbstractScale-invariant interest points have found several highly successful applications in computer vision, in particular for image-based matching and recognition.This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the scale selection properties of a generalized framework for detecting interest points from scale-space features presented in Lindeberg (Int. J. Comput. Vis. 2010, under revision) and comprising:an enriched set of differential interest operators at a fixed scale including the Laplacian operator, the determinant of the Hessian, the new Hessian feature strength measures I and II and the rescaled level curve curvature operator, as well asan enriched set of scale selection mechanisms including scale selection based on local extrema over scale, complementary post-smoothing after the computation of non-linear differential invariants and scale selection based on weighted averaging of scale values along feature trajectories over scale.It is shown how the selected scales of different linear and non-linear interest point detectors can be analyzed for Gaussian blob models. Specifically it is shown that for a rotationally symmetric Gaussian blob model, the scale estimates obtained by weighted scale selection will be similar to the scale estimates obtained from local extrema over scale of scale normalized derivatives for each one of the pure second-order operators. In this respect, no scale compensation is needed between the two types of scale selection approaches. When using post-smoothing, the scale estimates may, however, be different between different types of interest point operators, and it is shown how relative calibration factors can be derived to enable comparable scale estimates for each purely second-order operator and for different amounts of self-similar post-smoothing.A theoretical analysis of the sensitivity to affine image deformations is presented, and it is shown that the scale estimates obtained from the determinant of the Hessian operator are affine covariant for an anisotropic Gaussian blob model. Among the other purely second-order operators, the Hessian feature strength measure I has the lowest sensitivity to non-uniform scaling transformations, followed by the Laplacian operator and the Hessian feature strength measure II. The predictions from this theoretical analysis agree with experimental results of the repeatability properties of the different interest point detectors under affine and perspective transformations of real image data. A number of less complete results are derived for the level curve curvature operator.
Malthusian Dynamics in a Diverging Europe: Northern Italy, 1650–1881
Authors: Fernihough Alan 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Recent empirical research questions the validity of using Malthusian theory in preindustrial England. Using real wage and vital rate data for the years 1650–1881, I provide empirical estimates for a different region: Northern Italy. The empirical methodology is theoretically underpinned by a simple Malthusian model, in which population, real wages, and vital rates are determined endogenously. My findings strongly support the existence of a Malthusian economy wherein population growth decreased living standards, which in turn influenced vital rates. However, these results also demonstrate how the system is best characterized as one of weak homeostasis. Furthermore, there is no evidence of Boserupian effects given that increases in population failed to spur any sustained technological progress.
Gender differences in emotional and behavioral disorders and service use among adolescent smokers: A nationwide Israeli study
Authors: Shoval G. , Mansbach-Kleinfeld I. , Farbstein I. , Kanaaneh R. , Valevski A. , Apter A. , Weizman A. , Zalsman G. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractMarked gender differences have been identified in cigarette smoking. In this study, we aimed to identify the gender-specific emotional and behavioral disorders among adolescent smokers and their consequent utilization of mental health services. We performed a nationwide survey study of an Israeli representative sample of 906 adolescents and their mothers. Mental disorders were assessed using the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA) Inventory. Levels of emotional and behavioral difficulties were evaluated using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Mental health services use and smoking habits were also assessed. Among non-smoker adolescents there were significant gender differences in almost all SDQ scales: emotional problems, pro-social, hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems, whereas in the smoker group there was a difference only in the SDQ emotional problems scale (both self- and maternal-rated, P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively). Only marginal difference was noted between males and females in help-seeking for emotional or behavioral problems. Over 50% of both male and female smokers in the study had untreated mental disorders (non-significant gender difference). The well-established gender differences in psychiatric symptomatology narrowed markedly in adolescent smokers; the typical gender difference in disruptive behaviors was lost in the adolescent smoking population. The implications of these findings are particularly relevant to developing more effective gender-specific programs to prevent youth smoking, to facilitate quitting and prepare primary care practitioners to identify mental disorders and behavioral problems in adolescents with a smoking history.
The interaction of subjective experience and attitudes towards specific antipsychotic-related adverse effects in schizophrenia patients
Authors: Fischel T. , Krivoy A. , Kotlarov M. , Zemishlany Z. , Loebstein O. , Jacoby H. , Weizman A. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackground:Discontinuation of antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia patients is a major concern, since it results in relapse and re-hospitalizations. Non-adherence is strongly associated with negative-subjective response to antipsychotics, which is composed of the subjective experience of negative drug effects and attitude towards the treatment.Objective:To investigate the elements of subjective experience and subjective attitude towards specific drug-related adverse effects, leading to a generally negative-subjective attitude towards antipsychotics.Methods:Schizophrenia inpatients (n = 84) were administered a questionnaire measuring attitude and experience on eight subscales: weight gain, sedation, sexual anhedonia, extra-pyramidal syndrome, affective flattening, excessive sleep, diminished sociability and metabolic syndrome. DAI-30 was used to measure attitude towards drugs, and PANSS to assess psychopathology.Results:Weak correlation was found between subjective experience and attitude on most of the subscales. The only strong, albeit inverse, correlation between experience and attitude that was found was with regard to affective flattening, experienced by 37% of the sample, and it also predicted negative drug attitude as measured by the DAI-30, RR: 1.87 (95% CI: 1.06–3.3, df = 1, χ2 = 4.525, P < 0.05).Conclusion:Negative attitude towards most adverse drug effects did not correlate with personal experience. Drug-related affective flattening should be evaluated routinely, since experiencing it may predict negative attitude towards drugs, potentially leading to poor compliance and relapse.
Oblique collisions of internal wave beams and associated resonances
Authors: Akylas T. R. , Karimi H. H. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractQuadratic nonlinear interactions between two colliding internal gravity wave beams in a uniformly stratified fluid, and the resulting radiation of secondary beams with frequencies equal to the sum and difference of those of the primary beams, are discussed. The analysis centres on oblique collisions, involving beams that propagate in different vertical planes. The propagation directions of generated secondary beams are deduced from kinematic considerations and the use of radiation conditions, thus extending to oblique collisions previously derived selection rules for plane collisions. Using small-amplitude expansions, radiated-beam profiles at steady state are also computed in terms of the characteristics of the colliding beams. It is pointed out that, for certain oblique collision configurations, radiated beams with frequency equal to the difference of the primary frequencies have unbounded steady-state amplitude. This resonance, which has no counterpart for plane collisions, is further analysed via the solution of an initial-value problem; ignoring dissipation, the transient resonant response grows in time like ${t}^{1/ 2} $, a behaviour akin to that of forced waves at cut-off frequencies.
Morphological and molecular analyses of larval trematodes in the intertidal bivalvePerumytilus purpuratusfrom central Chile
Authors: Muñoz G. , López Z. , Cárdenas L. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe bivalvePerumytilus purpuratusis a common species that is widely distributed throughout rocky intertidal zones in Chile. This bivalve is the first intermediate host for three trematode species: one bucephalid (an undetermined species) and two fellodistomids (Proctoeces lintoniand one undetermined species). A few studies based on morphological comparisons, experimental infection and molecular analyses have been performed to ascertain the taxon (at least at the family level) to which these trematodes belong; yet, there remains no clarification about the specific identity of these trematodes. Therefore, in this study, we compared the V4 region nucleotide sequences of the 18S rRNA of these three sporocyst species, classified as morphotypes, found inP. purpuratusand nine adult trematode species from intertidal fishes that are likely definitive hosts for these parasites. The sequences from two of the sporocyst morphotypes matched with adult trematodes from the intertidal fish: type 1 sporocyst was similar toProsorhynchoides carvajali(Bucephalidae), with a mean genetic divergence of 0.78%, and type 2 sporocyst was similar toProctoecessp. (but notP. lintoni), with 0% genetic divergence. The third species (type 3 sporocyst) was classified to the family Fellodistomidae; however, the sequence from this species differed greatly from the three other fellodistomid species documented in the marine fish of Chile and from other fellodistomids in public databases. Moreover, this morphotype has a particular cercarial morphology that greatly differs from other fellodistomid species described thus far. Therefore, this intriguing trematode remains a mystery.
The relationship between nematode infections and ontogeny and diet of the lizard Tropidurus torquatus (Wied, 1820) (Squamata: Tropiduridae) from the Atlantic Rainforest in south-eastern Brazil
Authors: Pereira F.B. , Gomides S.C. , Sousa B.M. , de Souza Lima S. , Luque J.L. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between nematode infection and the ontogeny and diet of the lizard Tropidurus torquatus from a rocky outcrop in the state of Minas Gerais, south-eastern Brazil. Eighty-nine of 110 lizards examined (81.9%) harboured nematodes. Two nematode species were identified, namely, Physaloptera lutzi in the stomach and Parapharyngodon bainae in the intestine, with prevalence values of 67.3 and 60.0%, respectively. The lizard diet was composed mainly of ants, other hymenopterans, beetles and flowers of the species Centrosema coriaceum (Fabaceae). Host body size was positively correlated with nematode abundance, with adults more heavily parasitized than juveniles. The consumption of C. coriaceum had a negative effect on the abundance of both nematode species, suggesting that this plant may possess anthelmintic properties. The probability of a higher worm burden in adult hosts is likely linked with a longer exposure time to infective stages. Beetles, ants and hymenopterans appear to be the main intermediate hosts for P. lutzi. In general, ontogeny and diet composition determine the structure of the helminth community in this species of lizard.
SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN FIVE EUROPEAN DRUG REIMBURSEMENT SYSTEMS
Authors: Franken Margreet , le Polain Maïté , Cleemput Irina , Koopmanschap Marc 
Published: September 2012

Objectives: The aim of our study is to compare five European drug reimbursement systems, describe similarities and differences, and obtain insight into their strengths and weaknesses and formulate policy recommendations.Methods: We used the analytical Hutton Framework to assess in detail drug reimbursement systems in Austria, Belgium, France, the Netherlands, and Sweden. We investigated policy documents, explored literature, and conducted fifty-seven interviews with relevant stakeholders.Results: All systems aim to balance three main objectives: system sustainability, equity and quality of care. System impact, however, is mainly assessed by drug expenditure. A national reimbursement agency evaluates reimbursement requests on a case-by-case basis. The minister has discretionary power to alter the reimbursement advice in Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. All systems make efforts to increase transparency in the decision-making process but none uses formal hierarchical reimbursement criteria nor applies a cost-effectiveness threshold value. Policies to deal with uncertainty vary: financial risk-sharing by price/volume contracts (France, Belgium) versus coverage with evidence development (Sweden, the Netherlands). Although case-by-case revisions are embedded in some systems for specific groups of drugs, systematic (group) revisions are limited.Conclusions: As shared strengths, all systems have clear objectives reflected in reimbursement criteria and all are prepared to pay for drugs with sufficient added value. However, all systems could improve the transparency of the decision-making process; especially appraisal lacks transparency. Systems could increase the use of (systematic) revisions and could make better use of HTA (among others cost-effectiveness) to obtain value for money and ensure system sustainability.