bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Memória de cuidados na infância, estilo de vinculação e qualidade da relação com pessoas significativas: Estudo com grávidas adolescentes
Authors: Rodrigues Ana , Figueiredo Bárbara , Pacheco Alexandra , Costa Raquel , Cabeleira Cistina , Magarinho Rute 
Published: July 2014

O presente estudo teve como principal objectivo estimar a influência das memórias de cuidados pelos pais durante a infância no estilo de vinculação e na qualidade das relações com pessoas significativas na gravidez. Contou com uma amostra de 48 adolescentes a quem se administrou, no terceiro trimestre de gestação, a versão portuguesa dos seguintes instrumentos: Inventory for Assessing Memories of Parental Rearing Behaviour (EMBU) (Perris, Jacobson, Lindstorm, vonKnorring, & Perris, 1980), Attachment Style Interview(ASI) (Bifulco, Figueiredo, Guedeney, Gorman, Hayes, et al., 2004) e Self Evaluation and Social Support (SESS) (Brown, Bifulco, Veiel, & Andrews, 1990), no sentido de avaliar, respectivamente, as memórias de cuidados parentais, o estilo de vinculação e a qualidade do suporte e do relacionamento com a mãe e com o companheiro. Os resultados sugerem que a qualidade dos cuidados parentais durante a infância é um factor determinante para a qualidade da vinculação em grávidas adolescentes, sobretudo a rejeição e a ausência de suporte emocional por parte de ambos os pais mostram ser decisivos na emergência de estratégias inseguras de vinculação.A qualidade dos cuidados parentais durante a infância – o suporte emocional por parte da mãe e a rejeição por parte de ambos os pais – influencia também a qualidade do relacionamento com o companheiro e com própria mãe durante a gravidez. Surgem, ainda, indicações de que os cuidados parentais durante a infância determinam a qualidade do relacionamento do indivíduo com pessoas significativas na adolescência//adulticia, na medida em que contribuem para o elaborar de estratégias seguras ou inseguras da vinculação.
Violência nas relações de namoro entre adolescentes: Avaliação do impacto de um programa de sensibilização e informação em contexto escolar
Authors: Saavedra Rosa , Machado Carla 
Published: July 2014

Este estudo pretende avaliar o impacto de uma acção de sensibilização e informação sobre violência nos relacionamentos de namoro, implementada em contexto escolar, e perceber o papel do género no impacto da intervenção. Esta foi uma acção composta por três sessões de 90 minutos, cada uma, conduzidas junto de 578 alunos de 15 escolas do norte de Portugal.Todos os alunos preencheram, antes e após a intervenção, questionários de auto-relato acerca das suas atitudes sobre a violência física, psicológica e sexual nos relacionamentos de namoro e acerca das estratégias de resolução de conflitos por si utilizadas nestes relacionamentos.Os resultados revelaram a eficácia da intervenção ao nível da diminuição das atitudes de legitimação da violência nos relacionamentos, mas não foi possível identificar um impacto significativo da acção nas estratégias de resolução de conflitos utilizadas pelos participantes. Estes dados podem estar associados ao facto de o programa ter uma duração breve e uma orientação mais informativa do que comportamental. A questão do impacto diferencial deste tipo de programas em função do género não apresentou neste estudo resultados conclusivos.
Risco de suicídio em condutores adolescentes
Authors: Mendes Ricardo , Vieira Manuela , Horta Mário , Oliveira Rui Aragão 
Published: July 2014

O presente estudo insere-se no âmbito da Psicologia do Tráfego e teve como objectivo comparar o risco de suicídio de adolescentes de 14 e 15 anos, candidatos à licença especial de condução de ciclomotores (N=40), com o risco de suicídio de adolescentes mais velhos, com idades entre os 16 e 19 anos, candidatos à carta de condução de motociclos (N=40). Procura verificar ainda a influência de algumas variáveis psicosociais sobre o nível de risco, utilizando a Escala do Risco Suicidário de Jochen Stork. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que, apenas 8.9% (N=7) da amostra total apresentava risco de suicídio explícito, todos eles pertencentes ao grupo de adolescentes com idades entre os 16 e 19 anos, candidatos à carta de condução de motociclos. No que concerne às características da amostra, podemos verificar que algumas variáveis da amostra se relacionaram com significado estatístico com o somatório de pontos obtidos na Escala de Risco Suicidário, concretamente, verificou-se que o grupo de adolescentes mais velhos apresenta um valor de risco suicidário significativo mais elevado, realçando também a percepção da qualidade da relação materna (p≤0.042) e da situação económica (p≤0.043), o consumir álcool habitualmente(p≤0.047), o nível de integração familiar sentido (p≤0.001) e a auto-imagem a nível físico, em termos de atractividade (p≤0.02). Foi efectuada a discussão das implicações dos resultados da presente investigação de acordo com a literatura e modelos abordados.
A ética do cuidado na intervenção comunitária e social: Os pressupostos filosóficos
Authors: Perdigão Antónia 
Published: July 2014

Neste artigo, propomos a ética do cuidado como contributo para um re-pensamento do ser-com-o(s)--outro(s)-no-mundo e, por consequência, da ética profissional assumida como uma das suas faces. No seu interior, a mó dum re-despertar para o ser pessoa gira em torno do conceito de cuidado, pensado a partir da obra de Heidegger e valorizado como pré-ocupação ou pré-ser(-se). Apesar de comungar dos valores centrais da antropologia filosófica, a ética do cuidado amplia-a e aprofunda-a na medida em que o seu ponto de partida reflecte a anterioridade da própria essência. Neste sentido,a pergunta pelo homem é já, em si mesma, um gesto de cuidado. Tendo em consideração a especificidade do ângulo de análise estabelecido pelo título do artigo, gostaríamos de salientar que o nosso propósito é evidenciar de que modo(s) consideramos que a ética do cuidado sereveste da máxima importância ao nível das referências ético-profissionais que devem pautar a excelência profissional, e não confiná-la a esse mesmo desempenho. Ela constitui-se, em nosso entender, como uma ferramenta ao alcance de todos e cada vez mais necessária no nosso quotidiano individual, profissional e colectivo.
Estimating Some Physical Properties of Sour and Sweet Cherries Based on Combined Image Processing and AI Techniques
Authors: Taghadomi-Saberi Saeedeh , Omid Mahmoud , Emam-Djomeh Zahra 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Physical properties of agricultural products are considered as important factors in optimization of storage conditions, packaging, transportation, water adsorption/desorption, heat, pesticides, and foodstuff moving out and also their breathing. This paper presents a time and cost economizing method to determine these important attributes of sour and sweet cherries by combining image processing and two common artificial intelligence techniques, artificial neural networks (ANNs) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The measuring technique consisted of a charge-coupled device camera for image acquisition, fluorescent illuminants, capture card, and MATLAB for image analysis. Several networks were designed, trained, and generalized with a back-propagation algorithm using “trainlm” as training function. Several ANFIS models were designed with different number and type of membership functions (MFs) for each input. Generally, “gaussian” and “pi-shaped” MFs showed better results for estimating output variables among others. Considering statistical analysis, ANFIS showed better results than ANN.
Toward a coherent Monte Carlo simulation of CVA
Authors: Abbas-Turki Lokman A. , Bouselmi Aych I. , Mikou Mohammed A. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the simulation of the Credit
Valuation Adjustment (CVA) using a pure Monte Carlo technique with
Malliavin calculus (MCM). The procedure presented is based on a
general theoretical framework that includes a large number of models
as well as various contracts, and allows both the computation of CVA
and its sensitivity with respect to the different assets. Moreover, we
provide the expression of the backward conditional density of assets
vector that can be simulated off-line in order to reduce the variance
of the CVA estimator. Using the suitability of MCM to parallel architectures
and thus to a Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) implementation, we show that the
results obtained are accurate once a sufficient number of trajectories is
simulated. Both complexity and accuracy are studied for MCM and regression
methods and are compared to the square Monte Carlo benchmark.
Mixing Characteristics of Elliptical and Rectangular Subsonic Jets with Swirling Co-flow
Authors: Gopinath S. , Sundararaj M. , Elangovan S. , Rathakrishnan E. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis paper presents a computational analysis of effects of swirling co-flow and non-circular subsonic compressible inner jets on centerline velocity decay, mass entrainment and jet spreading rate. Three different exit shapes of elliptical, rectangular and circular inner jets were compared for three different co-flow conditions such as no co-flow, straight co-flow and swirling co-flow. Co-flow is issuing from a circular annular duct. Swirling co-flow is created in the co-flow duct by introducing a swirler with stationary angular vanes of 50° oblique to the jet axis. Reynolds number of inner jet is calculated based on its equivalent diameter as 200342. It is found that the swirling co-flow has strong influence on the boundary condition of inner jet and alters the major features of the jet such as jet potential core length, centerline velocity decay rate and jet spread rate. Streamwise corner vortices of different jet conditions have been captured using velocity vector plot to show the effect of swirling co-flow on the jet flow field. Swirling co-flow with elliptical inner jet exhibits higher velocity decay rate and jet spreading rate than the equivalent area circular and rectangular jet.
Inhaled Nitric Oxide Use in Neonates With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: Campbell Brendan T. , Herbst Katherine W. , Briden Kelleigh E. , Neff Stephen , Ruscher Kimberly A. , Hagadorn James I. 
Published: July 2014

OBJECTIVE:To describe the use of inhaled nitric oxide (INO) in newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).METHODS:Pediatric Health Information System data were queried for newborns with CDH admitted at &lt;8 days of age at tertiary care US pediatric hospitals between 2003 and 2011. INO treatment status and timing in relation to CDH repair were determined for each infant. Hospital-specific rates of INO use, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use, and mortality were determined.RESULTS:Data were analyzed for 1713 neonates with CDH admitted to 33 hospitals. More than half (57%) received INO during their inpatient stay, and utilization varied dramatically between hospitals (34% to 92%). Neonates treated with INO accumulated &gt;$81 million in pharmacy charges. The proportion of infants receiving INO as well as their duration of therapy increased significantly during the study period. The rate of ECMO utilization and mortality did not change significantly during the study period. Hospital-specific mortality rates did not correlate with INO therapy, ECMO utilization, or case volume.CONCLUSIONS:INO use in neonates with CDH is widespread, and has increased at many US tertiary pediatric hospitals without contemporaneous change in ECMO utilization or mortality. The improvement of evidence-based guidelines for the use of INO in newborns with CDH could lead to a reduction in health care costs for these patients.
Interventions to Reduce Pediatric Medication Errors: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rinke Michael L. , Bundy David G. , Velasquez Christina A. , Rao Sandesh , Zerhouni Yasmin , Lobner Katie , Blanck Jaime F. , Miller Marlene R. 
Published: July 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Medication errors cause appreciable morbidity and mortality in children. The objective was to determine the effectiveness of interventions to reduce pediatric medication errors, identify gaps in the literature, and perform meta-analyses on comparable studies.METHODS:Relevant studies were identified from searches of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing Allied Health Literature and previous systematic reviews. Inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed original data in any language testing an intervention to reduce medication errors in children. Abstract and full-text article review were conducted by 2 independent authors with sequential data extraction.RESULTS:A total of 274 full-text articles were reviewed and 63 were included. Only 1% of studies were conducted at community hospitals, 11% were conducted in ambulatory populations, 10% reported preventable adverse drug events, 10% examined administering errors, 3% examined dispensing errors, and none reported cost-effectiveness data, suggesting persistent research gaps. Variation existed in the methods, definitions, outcomes, and rate denominators for all studies; and many showed an appreciable risk of bias. Although 26 studies (41%) involved computerized provider order entry, a meta-analysis was not performed because of methodologic heterogeneity. Studies of computerized provider order entry with clinical decision support compared with studies without clinical decision support reported a 36% to 87% reduction in prescribing errors; studies of preprinted order sheets revealed a 27% to 82% reduction in prescribing errors.CONCLUSIONS:Pediatric medication errors can be reduced, although our understanding of optimal interventions remains hampered. Research should focus on understudied areas, use standardized definitions and outcomes, and evaluate cost-effectiveness.
Muhlenbergia Schreberi J. F. Gmel (Poaceae), a New Naturalized Species in Croatia
Authors: Jogan Nejc 
Published: July 2014

AbstractMuhlenbergia schreberi,nimblewill, is a widespread North American perennial grass species, slowly spreading in European countries, where it has been recorded in Spain, Switzerland, Italy, and Slovenia. In addition, a well naturalized population was discovered in Opatija (Northwestern Croatia, Croatian Littoral) in 2011 as described herein. It has been recognized as a persistent weed in some North American states, and in the last few decades its secondary European distribution range has been slowly increasing. Thus most probably it will also spread in Croatia and become classified as invasive.
Single Stage Correction of Rectovestibular Fistula
Authors: Hasina Kaniz , Hanif Abdul , Alam S. M. Shafiqul , Reza Shahin , Islam Nazrul , Rahman A. K. M. Mizanur , Huda S. M. Shamsul , Pervez M.M. Masud , Mondal Susankar Kumar , Islam Shahnoor 
Published: July 2014

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility, safety, cost effectiveness and functional outcome between single stage and multiple stage operation of anorectal malformation (ARM) with rectovestibular fistula (RVF).Materials & Methods: This interventional study was conducted on 40 female children born with ARM with RVF from July 2007 to June 2009 in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Their age range was from 3 months to 7 years. Anterior sagittal anorectoplasty (ASARP) was done as definitive treatment of RVF. 20 out of 40 patients underwent single stage procedure and the rest underwent multiple stage procedure. Good preoperative bowel preparation and postoperative wound care were ensured for optimum outcome.Results: Mean operating time was 70 minutes in single stage and 80 minutes in multi stage definitive procedure. Average hospital stay was 10 days in single stage procedure where as 22-24 days in multi stage procedure. Partial perineal wound dehiscence occurred in two patients with single stage procedure and one patient with multi stage procedure. Wound infection was seen in two patients of single stage and also two patients of multi stage procedures. Fecal continence was good in all patients older than 3 years. Average number of bowel movement was 2-3 times daily in older patients and 2-4 in younger patients. Constipation developed in three patients with multiple stage procedure and in two patients with single stage procedure. Both groups were managed conservatively for all complications. In Dhaka Medical College Hospital, treatment cost is mostly free, so we could not compare this cost but the incidental expenses in single stage treatment was Tk. 10,000.00 and Tk. 30,000.00 in multistage treatment in three settings.Conclusion: Adequate preoperative bowel preparation, good surgical skill, proper analgesia and postoperative wound care remain the key factors to produce a cost effective excellent outcome of single stage correction of RVF.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jpsb.v1i2.19523
Lymph Node Stromal Cells Negatively Regulate Antigen-Specific CD4+ T Cell Responses
Authors: Abe Jun , Shichino Shigeyuki , Ueha Satoshi , Hashimoto Shin-ichi , Tomura Michio , Inagaki Yutaka , Stein Jens V. , Matsushima Kouji 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Lymph node (LN) stromal cells (LNSCs) form the functional structure of LNs and play an important role in lymphocyte survival and the maintenance of immune tolerance. Despite their broad spectrum of function, little is known about LNSC responses during microbial infection. In this study, we demonstrate that LNSC subsets display distinct kinetics following vaccinia virus infection. In particular, compared with the expansion of other LNSC subsets and the total LN cell population, the expansion of fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) was delayed and sustained by noncirculating progenitor cells. Notably, newly generated FRCs were preferentially located in perivascular areas. Viral clearance in reactive LNs preceded the onset of FRC expansion, raising the possibility that viral infection in LNs may have a negative impact on the differentiation of FRCs. We also found that MHC class II expression was upregulated in all LNSC subsets until day 10 postinfection. Genetic ablation of radioresistant stromal cell–mediated Ag presentation resulted in slower contraction of Ag-specific CD4+ T cells. We propose that activated LNSCs acquire enhanced Ag-presentation capacity, serving as an extrinsic brake system for CD4+ T cell responses. Disrupted function and homeostasis of LNSCs may contribute to immune deregulation in the context of chronic viral infection, autoimmunity, and graft-versus-host disease.
Antigen Targeting to CD11b+ Dendritic Cells in Association with TLR4/TRIF Signaling Promotes Strong CD8+ T Cell Responses
Authors: Dadaglio Gilles , Fayolle Catherine , Zhang Xiaoming , Ryffel Bernard , Oberkampf Marine , Felix Tristan , Hervas-Stubbs Sandra , Osicka Radim , Sebo Peter , Ladant Daniel , Leclerc Claude 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Deciphering the mechanisms that allow the induction of strong immune responses is crucial to developing efficient vaccines against infectious diseases and cancer. Based on the discovery that the adenylate cyclase from Bordetella pertussis binds to the CD11b/CD18 integrin, we developed a highly efficient detoxified adenylate cyclase-based vector (CyaA) capable of delivering a large variety of Ags to the APC. This vector allows the induction of protective and therapeutic immunity against viral and tumoral challenges as well as against transplanted tumors in the absence of any added adjuvant. Two therapeutic vaccine candidates against human papilloma viruses and melanoma have been developed recently, based on the CyaA vector, and are currently in clinical trials. We took advantage of one of these highly purified vaccines, produced under good manufacturing practice–like conditions, to decipher the mechanisms by which CyaA induces immune responses. In this study, we demonstrate that CyaA binds both human and mouse CD11b+ dendritic cells (DCs) and induces their maturation, as shown by the upregulation of costimulatory and MHC molecules and the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Importantly, we show that DCs sense CyaA through the TLR4/Toll/IL-1R domain–containing adapter-inducing IFN-β pathway, independent of the presence of LPS. These findings show that CyaA possesses the intrinsic ability to not only target DCs but also to activate them, leading to the induction of strong immune responses. Overall, this study demonstrates that Ag delivery to CD11b+ DCs in association with TLR4/Toll/IL-1R domain–containing adapter-inducing IFN-β activation is an efficient strategy to promote strong specific CD8+ T cell responses.
Fcγ Receptor Dependency of Agonistic CD40 Antibody in Lymphoma Therapy Can Be Overcome through Antibody Multimerization
Authors: White Ann L. , Dou Lang , Chan H. T. Claude , Field Vikki L. , Mockridge C. Ian , Moss Kane , Williams Emily L. , Booth Steven G. , French Ruth R. , Potter Elizabeth A. , Butts Cherié , Al-Shamkhani Aymen , Cragg Mark S. , Verbeek J. Sjef , Johnson Peter W. M. , Glennie Martin J. , Beers Stephen A. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Immunomodulatory mAbs, led by the anti-CTLA4 mAb ipilimumab, are an exciting new class of drugs capable of promoting anticancer immunity and providing durable control of some tumors. Close analysis of a number of agents has revealed a critical yet variable role for Fcγ receptors in their efficacy. In this article, we reveal that agonistic anti-CD40 mAbs have an absolute requirement for cross-linking by inhibitory FcγRIIB when used systemically to treat established BCL1 syngeneic lymphoma, and therapy is lost when using a mouse IgG2a mAb not cross-linked by FcγRIIB. Furthermore, in FcγRIIB-deficient mice the lymphoma itself can provide FcγRIIB to cross-link anti-CD40 on neighboring cells, and only when this is blocked does therapy fail. The dependence on FcγRIIB for immunostimulatory activity was not absolute, however, because when anti-CD40 mAbs were administered systemically with the TLR3 agonist polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid or were given subcutaneously, activatory FcγR could also provide cross-linking. Using this mechanistic insight, we designed multimeric forms of anti-CD40 mAb with intrinsic FcγR-independent activity that were highly effective in the treatment of lymphoma-bearing mice. In conclusion, FcγR-independent anti-CD40 activation is a viable strategy in vivo. These findings have important translational implications, as humans, unlike mice, do not have IgG that binds strongly to FcγRIIB; therefore FcγR-independent derivatives represent an attractive therapeutic option.
Lnk/Sh2b3 Controls the Production and Function of Dendritic Cells and Regulates the Induction of IFN-γ–Producing T Cells
Authors: Mori Taizo , Iwasaki Yukiko , Seki Yoichi , Iseki Masanori , Katayama Hiroko , Yamamoto Kazuhiko , Takatsu Kiyoshi , Takaki Satoshi 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are proficient APCs that play crucial roles in the immune responses to various Ags and pathogens and polarize Th cell immune responses. Lnk/SH2B adaptor protein 3 (Sh2b3) is an intracellular adaptor protein that regulates B lymphopoiesis, megakaryopoiesis, and expansion of hematopoietic stem cells by constraining cytokine signals. Recent genome-wide association studies have revealed a link between polymorphism in this adaptor protein and autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes and celiac disease. We found that Lnk/Sh2b3 was also expressed in DCs and investigated its role in the production and function of DC lineage cells. In Lnk−/− mice, DC numbers were increased in the spleen and lymph nodes, and growth responses of bone marrow–derived DCs to GM-CSF were augmented. Mature DCs from Lnk−/− mice were hypersensitive and showed enhanced responses to IL-15 and GM-CSF. Compared to normal DCs, Lnk−/− DCs had enhanced abilities to support the differentiation of IFN-γ–producing Th1 cells from naive CD4+ T cells. This was due to their elevated expression of IL-12Rβ1 and increased production of IFN-γ. Lnk−/− DCs supported the appearance of IFN-γ–producing T cells even under conditions in which normal DCs supported induction of regulatory T cells. These results indicated that Lnk/Sh2b3 plays a regulatory role in the expansion of DCs and might influence inflammatory immune responses in peripheral lymphoid tissues.