bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Strength Assessment of Paving Block using Demolished Building Waste and Coir Fiber
Authors: Shivaraj S J , Kalappa S , Biradar Sangmesh V , Abhay M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The current study brings novelty to the construction sector by addressing the significant challenge of concrete and brick waste in India. It introduces an innovative approach to reuse this waste in producing interlocking paver blocks, offering a sustainable solution. Adhering to Indian Standards ensures the quality and safety of the blocks, while the incorporation of coir fiber enhances their strength. This research not only contributes to environmental sustainability by reducing construction waste but also provides a practical and eco-friendly method for pavement construction, marking a unique and valuable addition to current industry practices. This concrete waste, after grinding, can, taking the IS specification into account, be used in two stages as substitutes for coarse and fine aggregates with or without coir fibre in paver blocks casted as interlocking blocks of pavement by taking account of acceptable materials, scale, shape, mixing style, etc. and using the specific method of casting and performing various specific tests. From the present test study, the partially demolished unit of 0.5% coir fibre in the paving block has a higher flexural and tensile strength. The compressive force of a 0.3 % coir block is greater. Improving Coir fibre quality leads to higher water absorption from the PB.
Effect of Water Quality on Performance of Concrete: A Study Towards Developing Sustainable Concrete
Authors: Sarma V.V.S , Sai Kumar K S , Devika B M , Alisha Shaik subhan , Sree Kumar K 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the feasibility of using treated sewage water from Vishnu Educational Society in concrete manufacturing to combat freshwater scarcity. Physicochemical properties of the water sources, including pH, alkalinity, hardness, acidity, chlorides, and nitrates, were analyzed. Tests were conducted on M25 and M35 Grade concrete mixes, with concrete cubes and cylinders cured for 14 and 28 days in both freshwater and treated sewage water namely water Used are CN,CC,TS. For the M25 mix, optimal results were achieved with canal water for casting and treated sewage water for curing, resulting in a compressive strength of 31.1 MPa. Similarly, for the M35 mix, superior results were obtained with normal campus water for casting and treated sewage water for curing, yielding a compressive strength of 37.28 MPa. Additionally, for M35 grade concrete, using treated sewage water for curing in combination with casting using canal water resulted in favorable outcomes, with a strength of 44.26 MPa, despite reduced workability, the usage of sewage treated water led to increased compressive and split tensile strengths. The physicochemical characteristics of the sewage treated sample were ascertained before utilization, and the setting time characteristics were determined. strength drops the percentage of 13.83% when compared with the conventional concrete. Concrete cubes and concrete cylinders were cast and cured for 14 and 28 days in both freshwater and treated sewage water. This research aims to explore the possibility of using treated sewage water in concrete production as an alternative water source through comprehensive laboratory investigation for better understanding and durability properties. Experiment results indicated an increase in chloride concentration with a decrease in the quality of mixing water.
Corrosion characteristics of rebar in Fly Ash-GGBFS synthesised alkali activated concrete
Authors: Muralidhara Rao T , Venkatesh Chava , Sri Durga Chereddy Sonali , Bommisetty Jagadeesh , Ravi Kumar Reddy C 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Using accelerated corrosion technique, it is proposed to study the influence of anodic corrosion inhibitors like calcium nitrites (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%) and sodium nitrites (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%) on the Fe550 grade steel reinforcement corrosion of M20 grade Geopolymer concrete (70%FA+30%GGBFS) cylindrical specimens prepared using 3M and 5M alkali activators. Geopolymer concrete cylinders with rebar inserted are placed in the 5% NaCl solution and the corrosion time and corrosion current required for the corrosion of steel reinforcement bars was calculated by supplying a constant voltage of 12volts. Three cylindrical specimens of 200mm diameter and 100mm height are cast in each percentage of corrosion inhibitors and the corrosion characteristics like Corrosion rate, mass loss, Corrosion density, Corrosion current, Corrosion time of steel reinforcement were calculated. 200mm length and 10mm diameter steel reinforcement bar was used in the Geopolymer concrete cylindrical specimens. 4% of Calcium nitrite (Ca(No2)2) and 4% of Sodium nitrite (NaNo2) with 3M and 5M alkali activators were found to be optimum with less mass loss and rate of corrosion. The mass loss and rate of corrosion of 3M alkali activator Geopolymer concrete mix were less compared to that of 5M alkali activator geopolymer concrete.
Enhancing Concrete Properties through the Strategic Incorporation of Granite and Marble Dust as Sustainable Alternatives to Natural Sand
Authors: Nasim Mohd , Rao Ashish Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Over the past 15 years, the diminishing availability of natural sand has prompted the exploration of alternative solutions in the construction industry. This paper investigates the viability of using crushed rocks such as granite, gneiss, dolerite, and basalt to produce artificial sands as substitutes for natural sand. Focusing on the concrete production sector, our research explores the utilization of marble dust (MD) and granite dust (GD) to enhance concrete properties while addressing environmental concerns associated with the scarcity of natural sand. The study systematically examines the impact of replacing natural sand with varying percentages of granite dust and marble dust in M30 grade concrete. Experimental findings reveal that substituting 25% of the natural sand with marble dust yields concrete with superior compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths compared to the reference mix. Additionally, incorporating 15% of granite dust demonstrates the strongest bond, emphasizing its potential in concrete formulations. Detailed tests, including compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, bond strength, and stress-strain curve analyses, were conducted on M30 Grade concrete both with and without the inclusion of granite dust and marble dust after a 28-day curing period. The results highlight that the use of 25% granite dust or marble dust as a partial substitute for natural sand leads to high-quality concrete formulations, outperforming the reference mix. This research underscores the potential of granite and marble dust as sustainable alternatives in concrete production. The findings provide valuable insights for construction projects, ranging from roads to building materials like light aggregates, bricks, and tiles, emphasizing the economic and environmental benefits of incorporating these innovative materials into concrete formulations.
Experimental Study on Removal of Cod and Colour from Textile Industry Wastewater using Groundnut Shell Adsorbent
Authors: Maria Subashini L. , Saritha B. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Textile Industry waste water contain huge amounts of toxic chemiclas which poses health risks to the aquatic ecology and the local populace when it is dumped directly into surface waters, which also inhibits sunlight from penetrating the water. There is a lot of interest in effective methods for removing very harmful chemical molecules from water. Due to the ease of the procedure and reduced cost compared to other processes, adsorption is a well-established technique for pollutant removal from wastewater. In this work, groundnut shell has been employed as a cost-effective, recyclable, and environmentally friendly adsorbent to cleanse the wastewater from the textile industry. The carbonaceous, fibrous solid agricultural waste known as groundnut shells may be used to create inexpensive adsorbents. The treatment time, pH, adsorbent dose, starting organic load, and temperature were revealed to be factors in the adsorption of the organic contaminants onto groundnut shell. Under controlled experimental settings, an orbital shaker device was used for the batch adsorption treatment. Standard techniques were used to measure the content of hazardous organics (COD and color) present in the waste water before and after the adsorption treatment. According to this study, groundnut shell works well as a cheap adsorbent to remove contaminants from wastewater produced by the textile industry.
Geo-biofilters for the removal of ammonia in the intensive aquaculture ponds
Authors: Chanakya Varma V , Sri Bala G , Nagaraju T V 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Ammonia is the primary well-known carcinogen and harmful substance in intensive aquaculture waters. When it is released into the neighbouring canals, it poses a significant risk to the local fauna and flora as well as the human population. This paper examined the effectiveness of modified corncob ash-based geo-biofilters in a column test. The numerous biofiltration process parameters, their ammonia removal mechanism, and the kinetics of biofilters have all been examined. A Series of experiments were performed with the recirculated aquaculture waters, and lag times in the column tests. According to the findings, when the biofilter with continuous flow, it takes 26 cycles to entirely remove ammonia from polluted water, after which the cycle rate is maintained at a constant rate. This strategy might be a practical and affordable way to cleanse the waters used in intensive aquaculture.
Examining Coastal Alterations in the Godavari Delta Region using DSAS, Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques
Authors: Tharapatla Purushotam , Kinthada Nooka Ratnam , Gurram Murali Krishna 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This research focuses on the Godavari delta coastline, extending from Upputeru Creek to Uppada Village in Andhra Pradesh, India. Spanning from 1977 to 2023, the study meticulously examines multi-temporal remote sensing datasets from 1977, 1988, 1992, 2001, 2016, and 2023. To establish an accurate shoreline configuration, this study employs image processing techniques leveraging algorithms such as the Land Surface Water Index (LSWI) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). For computing erosion and accretion rates within the GIS environment, the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) is utilized, employing 100-meter transect intervals and techniques including Linear Regression Rate (LRR), Endpoint Rate (EPR), and Weighted Linear Regression (WLR). The analysis delineates distinct zones in the Godavari delta coastal region, classifying them into areas of high erosion, low erosion, stable coastlines, and varying degrees of accretion. Significant erosion is identified in regions from the left bank of Vashista to Parupalem Beach and between the Vainateya River Mouth and Gowthami River Mouth. Meanwhile, areas of low erosion extend from the right bank of Vashista River Mouth to Anthervedi Beach, with stable coastlines identified from Kakinada to Uppada Beach and Upputeru Creek to Perrupalem Beach. Additionally, the study pinpoints high accretion along Kakinada Spit and relatively lower accretion along other shoreline segments. This comprehensive assessment yields critical insights into erosion and accretion dynamics, laying a foundation for informed coastal management strategies in the Godavari delta region.
Adsorption Studies of Hexavalent Chromium removal from aqueous solution using Helianthus Annuus
Authors: Birajdar Roopadevi B , Haware Annapurna , Reddy Gillela Naresh , Saranadagoudar Rajani , Tengli Prema , Ganta Mounika 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Adsorption studies of hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) removal are particularly important due to the severe environmental and health concerns associated with this toxic form of chromium. Hexavalent chromium is a known carcinogen and can contaminate water sources through industrial discharges and other human activities. Sunflower cob, an agricultural waste material abundant in cellulose and lignocellulosic components, is utilized as a precursor for activated carbon synthesis. The activated carbon is prepared via a straightforward activation process involving chemical activation with Sodium Chloride (NaCl). Batch adsorption experiments are supported to assess the adsorption efficiency of the sunflower cob-derived activated carbon for Cr (VI) mitigation. The effects of multiple variables, including adsorbent dosage, pH of the solution, and contact time are systematically studied. The results indicated that the activated carbon evolved from sunflower cob exhibited commendable adsorption capacity for hexavalent chromium removal. Maximum adsorption is reported in an acidic environment with different Impregnation ratios (I.R) -0.25, 0.5, 0.75 with removal efficiency of 98.6%, 98.8%, and 98.8% respectively at pH 1.25.
Adsorptive Removal of Ciprofloxacin from Aqueous Media with Graphene based Composites
Authors: Padmaja V , Sri Chandana P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Improper disposal of pharmaceuticals and their derivatives poses major problems. Development of Effective treatment protocols for the elimination need an urgent consideration. Graphene-oxide (GO), a mono-atomic layer of carbon with a single nanometer thickness is an excellent adsorbent material because of the huge specific surface area. Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is an antibiotic which is a third-generation fluoroquinolone agent is popularly prescribed worldwide eventually ending up in wastewater. In this study, adsorptive removal of CIP was studied with GO, TiO2 and GO-TiO2 nanocomposite to establish the treatment system. Materials were properly characterized for morphology and structure using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Removal of CIP was quantified by using UV- Visible spectrophotometer. The optimal experimental conditions for the removal of 10 mg/L of initial concentration of CIP were neutral pH, 1 g/L of adsorbent, and 20 min of contact time. Adsorption of CIP on to GO and GO-TiO2 followed Pseudo-first order kinetics, multilayer adsorption pattern as depicted by Freundlich isotherm best fitting and the rate limiting was due to boundary layer diffusion. Adsorption of CIP was high at neutral pH indicating the suitability of studied adsorbents use for real treatment without additional chemicals. The obtained results were demonstrating the efficacy of the method for the removal of CIP from the water matrix.
A charge pump phase-locked loop with low phase noise based on ring oscillator
Authors: Guo Aiying , Qin Shiwei , Xu Maoxiang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a low-phase-noise charge pump phase-locked loop (PLL) based on a ring oscillator. It uses a 4-stage ring oscillator to provide orthogonal signals and exhibit a phase noise of -102 dBc/Hz at a carrier offset of 1 MHz. When powered by a 1.2 V DC supply, the static current of the PLL is less than 4 mA. The PLL is driven by a 40 MHz clock source and outputs a square wave at 2.56 GHz, with a phase noise of -94.8 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The circuit is implemented using a 55 nm CMOS process, with a final layout area of only 0.06 mm2.
Anti-pollution intelligent window control system based on air detection
Authors: Liang Zhuo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces a new type of intelligent window automatic control system. With single-chip microcomputer STC89C52 as the central control unit and wind speed sensing, raindrop sensing, temperature and humidity sensing, CO sensing, CO2 sensing and formaldehyde sensing as the signal detection unit, it operates with the dual energy supply of solar energy and power grid to sense outdoor meteorological changes and indoor and outdoor air quality in real time, and performs data processing through single-chip microcomputer. The stepper motor is controlled to open and close the window to improve indoor air quality in an environmentally friendly way. At the same time, the other end of the window is connected to the display screen, which concretely displays the data and status of the window operation. The control system has the functions of automatically closing the window on rainy days, automatically opening the window when the indoor harmful gas exceeds the standard, and remote infrared control of the window opening/closing.
Intelligent LED lighting control system design and realization
Authors: Zhou Ding 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
LED lighting is widely used; in order to adapt to a variety of applications, an intelligent LED lighting control system is designed. The system takes an STM32 intelligent chip as the core, including a voice module, Bluetooth module, and LED constant current driver chip. It can use voice to control the opening and closing of the lighting system and grade set LED brightness. It can be switched to automatic mode, and control LED lighting brightness automatically adjusted with the light. With the cell phone Bluetooth assistant, the switch time of the LED lighting system can be set wirelessly and in other functions. Through actual testing, the system realizes intelligent LED control and various control methods operate normally. Through intelligent control, you can choose different control methods in combination with the actual application, flexible application to a variety of scenes, and with practical value.
Study of general framework of ferroelectric transistors-based reservoir computing platform
Authors: Cao Yiming , Liu Tao , Xiong Lican , Jin Leisheng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this work, we aim to investigate the inherent correlations between the performance of physical reservoir computing (PRC) and the general physical model of the ferroelectric transistors that is one of the most important candidates for realizing PRC. The physical model of the ferroelectric transistors is constructed based on the Landau-Ginzburg equation. By analyzing the polarisation state of ferroelectrics and the nonlinear dynamics of the model, a PRC that utilizes a single ferroelectric transistor as a physical node is designed, and the typical nonlinear autoregressive moving-average (NARMA) task is employed for verifying the PRC. It is shown that the normalized mean square error (NMSE) can reach 2.8 × 10-3. Finally, the interplay between the different ferroelectric polarisation dynamics and the RC’s performance is discussed by performing numerical simulations on the hyperparameters of the ferroelectric transistor as well as the RC network.
A non-reciprocal LC filter structure and its design methodology
Authors: Jiao Yuzhao , Wang Xuetian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper analyses the differences between the non-reciprocal filter design and reciprocal filter design process, gives the difficulties in the non-reciprocal filter design process, and finally concludes the general methodology of non-reciprocal filter design. After the general method is given, a third-order LC non-reciprocal filter with a center frequency of 140 MHz and a bandwidth of 20 MHz is designed and simulated from a third-order reciprocal bandpass filter circuit. The results obtained from the testing of the designed and processed third-order non-reciprocal filter show that this filter can achieve non-reciprocal transmission in the frequency range of 132 MHz-152 MHz with a forward transmission insertion loss of 8.2 dB, an isolation of more than 8 dB, and a maximum isolation of 11.6 dB in the band.
A novel programmable wide swing buffer for OLED source driver
Authors: Zhang Jianhua , Ma Guilong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper presents the design of an output buffer with DAC functionality, which meets the requirements of small size, low power consumption, and high precision for OLED source driver chips. The two-stage DAC has a smaller area compared to traditional resistor string DACs, providing higher precision grayscale voltages that better meet the requirements of display drivers. The buffer utilizes a rail-to-rail input stage and Class AB output stage to achieve a wide input-output voltage range. Cascode Miller compensation is employed to improve stability, and a programmable tail current source with current steering DAC is used to realize 3-bit interpolation, saving overall chip area and power consumption. In the HLMC 55 nm CMOS process, the buffer has a rise time of 0.52 us and a fall time of 0.6 us for input voltages ranging from 0-1.2 V. The buffer occupies an area of 35×30 um2.
Design of a R-2R type digital to analog converter with low noise and low power consumption
Authors: Liu Xu , Wei Shuhua , Zhang Jing , Yan Jiang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
With the development of integrated circuits, digital-to-analog converter (DAC), as a bridge between the analog world and the digital world, is more and more used in the way of integrated circuits on chips. In this context, a 16-bit R-2R DAC for high-precision sensors is proposed in this paper, which is realized by a 0.18 μm process. The DAC adopts a resistor voltage divider type to meet the requirements of low noise and low power consumption and uses a segmented structure to reduce the number of CMOS switches. The switch structure is optimized to reduce channel charge injection, and the resistance matching of switch resistance and feedback resistance achieves high precision requirements. After the design is completed, through pre-simulation, special layout drawing, and post-simulation, the final sampling frequency is 0.8 MHz ∼ 3.2 MHz, and the voltage output is 10 ∼ 14 V after a high-voltage operational amplifier. The spectrum analysis shows that the noise floor is about -135 dB, the power consumption of the core structure of the DAC is about 0.5 mW, and the signal-to-noise ratio is about 87 dB. This project has achieved good performance indicators and can play a role in high-precision sensors.
Bending mechanics simulation and device fabrication for module stacking design of flexible micro-LEDs
Authors: Yuan Chunge , Bao Junjie , Zhao Jinyang , Chen Lixuan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
When the display device is bent, stress is generated due to the strain on the stacked layer. The driving circuit layer and LED layer of flexible Micro-LED devices have a large modulus. If the stress exceeds the permissible limit of the layer material, the device will be damaged. This paper presents a simulation of the bending stress on flexible Micro-LED displays and achieves the structural design of the neutral layer near the TFT and LED. A 7.1-inch flexible Micro-LED display was fabricated. The display exhibits excellent optical performance, with a peak brightness exceeding 2000 nits, a viewing angle greater than 160°, and BT.2020>90%. It can withstand 100, 000 bends without developing new defects with a 10 mm internal bending radius. The change in brightness before and after bending is <1%, and the change in color dots is <0.001.
A low power and low noise bandgap reference design
Authors: Yang Jiale , Yan Jiang , Zhang Jing , Wei Shuhua 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The bandgap reference circuit is widely used in analog, digital, and various other circuits. However, achieving low noise and power consumption presents challenges. Process variations can cause fluctuations in output voltage. This paper employs resistance trim to correct process-related errors, ensuring precise output voltage. VBE linearization compensation minimizes temperature drift. Simulation results show temperature drift below 10 ppm/°C within -45°C to 125°C. For the operational amplifier, a folded cascode current mirror and chopper structure achieve high gain and low power consumption, which eliminates low-frequency noise. The amplifier draws around 7 uA at 1.8 V, with a gain of about 84 dB, a Gain-Bandwidth Product of 229 kHz, and an output voltage noise of 257.04 nV/√Hz at 10 Hz. The entire circuit operates at 1.8 V, consuming 20.26 uA, with an output voltage noise of 5.38 uV/√Hz at 10 Hz.