bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial and vertical analysis of soil properties in a Mediterranean vineyard soil
Authors: Unamunzaga O. , Besga G. , Castellón A. , Usón M. A. , Chéry P. , Gallejones P. , Aizpurua A. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractSoil physical properties influence vineyard behaviour; therefore, the knowledge of their spatial variability is essential for making vineyard management decisions. Little work has been conducted at high spatial resolution on soil properties at depths lower than 0.30 m which is of special relevance to perennial crops. The objectives of this work were to (i) analyse the spatial and vertical variability of soil depth, particle size fractions and water‐holding capacity (WHC) by geostatistical techniques; (ii) study the causes of the variability, with additional information from classical soil sampling; and (iii) assess the significance of WHC through its relationship with vine vigour. The work was carried out in a vineyard of eight hectares within the D.O.Ca. Rioja (northern Spain). Soil variability was determined via grid sampling at three depth ranges (0–0.30, 0.30–0.60 and 0.60–0.90 m). A conventional soil survey provided additional information on soil variability. Clay, sand and silt fractions, soil organic matter content, WHC and pruning weight were determined. Most soil properties had strong or moderate spatial dependence, with the exceptions of sand at 0.30–0.60 m and silt in the topsoil. Topography and soil erosion caused the spatial variability of soil depth and contributed to the spatial distribution of particle size fractions in the topsoil, while the heterogeneity of parent material influenced the spatial pattern of soil properties at 0.60–0.90 m. The WHC and soil depth spatial distributions related well to that of vine vigour, demonstrating the importance of knowing the spatial variability of these soil properties.
Aldehyde dehydrogenase–bright cells correlated with the colony‐forming unit–granulocyte‐macrophage assay of thawed cord blood units
Authors: Lee Hye Ryun , Shin Sue , Yoon Jong Hyun , Roh Eun Youn , Kim Byoung Jae , Song Eun Young 
Published: March 2014

BackgroundThe number of aldehyde dehydrogenase–bright (ALDHbr) cells has been suggested as a viable marker of hematopoietic stem cell function. We evaluated the suitability of ALDHbr cell analysis in the quality assessment of postthaw cord blood (CB) units.Study Design and MethodsA total of 245 CB units were obtained for estimating the numbers of total nucleated cells (TNCs), CD34+ cells, ALDHbr cells, ALDHbr cells among CD34+ cells (CD34+ALDHbr cells), CD34+ cells among ALDHbr cells (ALDHbrCD34+ cells), colony‐forming unit (CFU)–granulocyte‐macrophages (GMs), and CFU–granulocyte‐erythrocyte‐macrophage‐megakaryocytes (GEMMs). Simple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the correlation between the number of TNCs and CD34+ cells before and after crypreservation and CD34+ALDHbr cells, ALDHbr cells, and ALDHbr CD34+ cells after cryopreservation and the number of CFU‐GEMMS and CFU‐GMs.ResultsThe number of CFU‐GMs was found to be significantly correlated with the number of CD34+ cells before and after cryopreservation (r = 0.418 and r = 0.359, respectively), CD34+ALDHbr cells, ALDHbr cells, and ALDHbrCD34+ cells (r = 0.426, r = 0.455, and r = 0.469, respectively). The number of CFU‐GEMMs was found to be significantly correlated with the number of TNCs and CD34+ cells before and after cryopreservation (TNCs, r = 0.251 and r = 0.250, respectively; CD34+ cells, r = 0.391 and r = 0.347, respectively), CD34+ALDHbr cells, ALDHbr cells, and ALDHbrCD34+ cells (r = 0.297, r = 0.297, and r = 0.252, respectively).ConclusionThe high correlation found between ALDH activity and CFU‐GM number supports the suitability of ALDH analysis in the quality assessment of postthaw CB units.
WEE1 Inhibition Alleviates Resistance to Immune Attack of Tumor Cells Undergoing Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Hamilton Duane H. , Huang Bruce , Fernando Romaine I. , Tsang Kwong-Yok , Palena Claudia 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Aberrant expression of the T-box transcription factor brachyury in human carcinomas drives the phenomenon of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a phenotypic modulation that facilitates tumor dissemination and resistance to conventional therapies, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy. By generating isogenic cancer cell lines with various levels of brachyury expression, we demonstrate that high levels of brachyury also significantly reduce the susceptibility of cancer cells to lysis by both antigen-specific T cells and natural killer cells. Our results indicated that resistance of brachyury-high tumor cells to immune-mediated attack was due to inefficient caspase-dependent apoptosis, manifested as inefficient nuclear lamin degradation in the presence of activated effector caspases. We correlated this phenomenon with loss of cell-cycle–dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), which mediates lamin phosphorylation. In support of a causal connection, pretreatment of tumor cells with a specific inhibitor of WEE1, a negative regulator kinase of CDK1, could counter the defective apoptosis of tumor cells expressing high levels of brachyury. Thus, our findings suggested that reconstituting CDK1 activity to threshold levels may be sufficient to restore immunosurveillance of mesenchymal-like cancer cells that have escaped previous immune detection or eradication. Cancer Res; 74(9); 2510–9. ©2014 AACR.
The Health Technology Assessment of Companion Diagnostics: Experience of NICE
Authors: Byron Sarah K. , Crabb Nick , George Elisabeth , Marlow Mirella , Newland Adrian 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Companion diagnostics are used to aid clinical decision making to identify patients who are most likely to respond to treatment. They are becoming increasingly important as more new pharmaceuticals receive licensed indications that require the use of a companion diagnostic to identify the appropriate patient subgroup for treatment. These pharmaceuticals have proven benefit in the treatment of some cancers and other diseases, and also have potential to precisely tailor treatments to the individual in the future. However, the increasing use of companion diagnostics could place a substantial burden on health system resources to provide potentially high volumes of testing. This situation, in part, has led policy makers and Health Technology Assessment (HTA) bodies to review the policies and methods used to make reimbursement decisions for pharmaceuticals requiring companion diagnostics. The assessment of a pharmaceutical alongside the companion diagnostic used in the clinical trials may be relatively straightforward, although there are a number of challenges associated with assessing pharmaceuticals where a range of alternative companion diagnostics are available for use in routine clinical practice. The UK HTA body, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), has developed policy for considering companion diagnostics using its Technology Appraisal and Diagnostics Assessment Programs. Some HTA bodies in other countries have also adapted their policies and methods to accommodate the assessment of companion diagnostics. Here, we provide insight into the HTA of companion diagnostics for reimbursement decisions and how the associated challenges are being addressed, in particular by NICE.
See all articles in this CCR Focus section, “The Precision Medicine Conundrum: Approaches to Companion Diagnostic Co-development.”
Clin Cancer Res; 20(6); 1469–76. ©2014 AACR.
Calorie intake and patient outcomes in severe acute kidney injury: findings from The Randomized Evaluation of Normal vs. Augmented Level of Replacement Therapy (RENAL) study trial
Authors: Bellomo Rinaldo , Cass Alan , Cole Louise , Finfer Simon , Gallagher Martin , Lee Joanne , Lo Serigne , McArthur Colin , McGuinness Shay , Myburgh John , Norton Robyn , Scheinkestel Carlos ,   The RENAL Study Investigators
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Current practice in the delivery of caloric intake (DCI) in patients with severe acute kidney injury (AKI) receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) is unknown. We aimed to describe calorie administration in patients enrolled in the Randomized Evaluation of Normal vs. Augmented Level of Replacement Therapy (RENAL) study and to assess the association between DCI and clinical outcomes.

Methods
We performed a secondary analysis in 1456 patients from the RENAL trial. We measured the dose and evolution of DCI during treatment and analyzed its association with major clinical outcomes using multivariable logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards models, and time adjusted models.

Results
Overall, mean DCI during treatment in ICU was low at only 10.9 ± 9 Kcal/kg/day for non-survivors and 11 ± 9 Kcal/kg/day for survivors. Among patients with a lower DCI (below the median) 334 of 729 (45.8%) had died at 90-days after randomization compared with 316 of 727 (43.3%) patients with a higher DCI (above the median) (P = 0.34). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, mean DCI carried an odds ratio of 0.95 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.91-1.00; P = 0.06) per 100 Kcal increase for 90-day mortality. DCI was not associated with significant differences in renal replacement (RRT) free days, mechanical ventilation free days, ICU free days and hospital free days. These findings remained essentially unaltered after time adjusted analysis and Cox proportional hazards modeling.

Conclusions
In the RENAL study, mean DCI was low. Within the limits of such low caloric intake, greater DCI was not associated with improved clinical outcomes.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00221013
Modal verbs and modal constructions in Ladakhi
Authors: Zeisler Bettina 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The paper describes different types of modal expressions, particularly expressions of ability, in Ladakhi, a Tibetic language spoken in Ladakh, Jammu & Kashmir, India. A special focus lies on the unexpected syntactic behaviour of complex modal verb constructions, where the semantics of both the modal verb and the event verb contribute to the realisation of surface case marking, so that the event verb can no longer be analysed as being a complement of the modal verb. This intertwined syntax appears to be the result of a compositional process. The observable variation in syntactic behaviour across dialects and idiolects further allows for reconstruction of the compositional process.
Mechanical Failure Study of Aluminum Extrusion Dies as Affected by the Quality of the Billets
Authors: Al Khateeb Shadi , Al robaidi Amin , Dweiri Radwan , Lebzo Ahmad , Al-Sawa'adeh Mahmood 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The effect of aluminium billets and H13 steels qualities on the mechanical failure of the extrusion dies was investigated. Secondary AA6063 billets were homogenised at 570 and 580°C for 6 h then cooled by water, fan, and air. The step cooling method was also applied by quenching from 570 to 275°C. It was found that the quality of the secondary billet, in terms of hardness and microstructure, would be comparable to the primary ones when homogenised at 570°C for 6 h and then water-quenched. The quality of H13 steels in terms of wear resistance was improved through cyanidation. It was performed in KCN for 2, 2.5, and 3 h with a cyanide layer of 60, 87, and 115 μm, respectively.
Redetermination of the structure of anthracen-9-yl-methanol, C15H12O
Authors: Islor Arun M. , Somashekara B. , Garudachari B. , Gerber Thomas , Hosten Eric , Betz Richard 
Published: March 2014

Abstract C15H12O, monoclinic, Cc (no. 9), a = 30.0894(7) Å, b = 5.1704(1) Å, c = 13.8639(3) Å, β = 104.411(1)°, V = 2089.0 Å3, Z = 8, Rgt(F) = 0.0357, wRref(F2) = 0.0872, T = 200 K.
Crystal structure of poly[µ2-di-4-pyridinylmethanone-κ2N:N’-silver(I)] trifluoroacetate-water-acetonitrile (2/1/1), C14H10.5AgF3N2.50O3.50
Authors: Sun Xin-Zhan , Yan Hao-Jie , Wan Chong-Qing 
Published: March 2014

Abstract C14H10.5AgF3N2.50O3.50, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 16.155(2) Å, b = 10.670(2) Å, c = 18.098(3) Å, β = 95.251(3)°, V = 3106.3 Å3, Z = 8, Rgt(F) = 0.0466, wRref(F2) = 0.1429, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of trans-diacetatobis(2,6-pyridinediylbis(3-pyridinyl)-methanone)-κ2N,N')-copper(II) acetonitrile (1/2), C42H28CuF6N8O8
Authors: Liu Bin 
Published: March 2014

Abstract C42H28CuF6N8O8, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.093(5) Å, b = 10.419(5) Å, c = 11.371(5) Å, α = 75.944(12)°, β = 74.708(11)°, γ = 82.717(10)°, V = 1005.8(9) Å3, Z = 1, Rgt(F) = 0.0666, wRref(F2) = 0.1798, T = 293 K.
Reaction Products in the Combustion of the High Energy Density Storage Material Lithium with Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen
Authors: Kellermann Renate , Taroata Dan , Schiemann Martin , Eckert Helmut , Fischer Peter , Scherer Viktor , Hock Rainer , Schmid Guenter 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTIn this work, electrochemically recyclable lithium is analyzed as high energy density, large scale storage material for stranded renewable energy in a closed loop. The strongly exothermic reaction of lithium with carbon dioxide (CO2) yields thermal energy directly comparable to the combustion of coal or methane in an oxygen containing atmosphere. The thermal level of the reaction is sufficient for re-electrification in a thermal power plant compatible process.The reaction of single lithium particles, avoiding particle-particle interactions, is compared to the combustion of atomized lithium spray in a CO2 containing atmosphere. Particle temperatures of up to 4000K were found for the reaction of single lithium particles in a CO2, nitrogen (N2), oxygen (O2) and steam gas mixture. Furthermore the combustion of atomized lithium spray in both dry CO2 atmosphere and CO2/steam gas mixture was analyzed. The identified solid reaction products are lithium carbonate, lithium oxide and lithium hydroxide. The formation of carbon monoxide (CO) as gaseous reaction product is demonstrated. Carbon monoxide is a valuable by-product, which could be converted to methanol or gasoline using hydrogen.
Dans une cure Rêve Eveillé, régression vers la vie fœtale
Authors: Passerini Alberto 
Published: March 2014

La définition “Esperienza Imaginativa (E.I.)” (Expérience Imaginative) est la traduction italienne la plus récente du Rêve-Éveillé en séance. De récentes études développées par les neurosciences sur l’imagination, la perception, les neurones-miroir, la mémoire et l’oubli, contribuent à l’explication neurophysiologique de l’Esperienza Immaginativa (Passerini 2009). Le sujet adulte donne à des vécus et des autoreprésentations dans l’imaginaire le sens d’expériences émotionnelles de son histoire archaïque voire intra-utérine. Certains Stimoli Percettivi (ou images de départ du Rêve-Eveillé) sont tout à fait appropriés pour évoquer ces émotions (Desoille 2010) (Toller, Passerini 2007). Grâce à la régression qui va se manifester spontanément et physiologiquement, il est possible d’accéder aux vécus très archaïques. L’auteur présente le cas d’une femme de 53 ans, atteinte d’un Trouble Bipolaire qui en revivant son Esperienza Immaginativa (Rêve-Éveillé) « régresse jusqu’à son vécu le plus fusionnel ». « La régression est expérimentée dans le vécu spécifique des Rêves-Éveillés » dans « le vu, le toucher, le souffle, les sensations corporelles ». Mais « l’immersion dans l’archaïque est infiniment plus riche et complexe que la simple recherche d’une union fusionnelle », c’est « un afflux de sensations, comme une chaleur qui m’envahit » donnant des sensations de paix et de bien-être (Fabre 1981).
Une expérience de possession collective transculturelle au Japon
Authors: Murasawa Mahoro , Nadaud Stéphane 
Published: March 2014

Cet article rend compte de l’expérience de possession vécue, lors du pèlerinage des 88 temples dans l’île de Shikoku au Japon, par un Occidental. Y est décrit l’origine bouddhiste de ce pèlerinage ainsi que les éléments de la religion animiste du Japon, le shintoïsme. Une présentation de la spécificité des phénomènes de possession dans cette dernière religion est également exposée. Après une description de l’expérience subjective de possession par le voyageur occidental, le point de vue d’un Japonais et de son fils permet de la mettre en perspective. Pour tenter d’appréhender cette expérience de possession, dans ce contexte animiste, l’hypothèse émise est celle d’une expérience collective. Afin de la soutenir, le concept de « subjectivité collective » est développé. En conclusion est montré pourquoi, au Japon où l’animisme est toujours présent, ce concept est particulièrement utile pour expliquer ce cas de possession transculturelle.
Effect of Biopsy Technique on the Survival Rate of Malignant Melanoma Patients
Authors: Yamashita Yutaro , Hashimoto Ichiro , Abe Yoshiro , Seike Takuya , Okawa Katsumasa , Senzaki Yuichi , Murao Kazutoshi , Kubo Yoshiaki , Nakanishi Hideki 
Published: March 2014

Background Cutaneous malignant melanoma has a poor prognosis. The detrimental effect of incisional biopsies on the outcome of malignant melanoma has been debated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the presence and type of biopsy on the prognosis of malignant melanoma.
Methods The medical records of 109 malignant melanoma patients treated at Tokushima University Hospital from 1983 to 2007 were reviewed. After excluding 28 cases with stage 0 disease or incomplete data, 81 cases were analyzed in detail with respect to patient sex, age, tumor site, clinical stage at diagnosis, presence of ulceration or lymph node metastasis, and prognosis. The five-year survival and five-year disease-free survival rates of patients who underwent incisional or excisional biopsies were compared with those who did not undergo a biopsy.
Results The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.19. The mean age was 61.3 years (range, 19-93 years). The most common site was a lower extremity, and the most common clinical stage was stage II. No significant differences in clinicopathological features, five-year survival rates, and five-year disease-free survival rates were observed among the three groups.
Conclusions The presence and type of biopsy neither affected the metastatic rate nor the prognosis of malignant melanoma. The use of incisional biopsies is not encouraged because tumor thickness cannot be measured accurately. However, they may be helpful for confirming the diagnosis if an excisional biopsy cannot be performed.
Readability and Information Quality in Cancer Information From a Free vs Paid Chatbot
Authors: Musheyev David , Pan Alexander , Gross Preston , Kamyab Daniel , Kaplinsky Peter , Spivak Mark , Bragg Marie A. , Loeb Stacy , Kabarriti Abdo E. 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceThe mainstream use of chatbots requires a thorough investigation of their readability and quality of information.ObjectiveTo identify readability and quality differences in information between a free and paywalled chatbot cancer-related responses, and to explore if more precise prompting can mitigate any observed differences.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study compared readability and information quality of a chatbot’s free vs paywalled responses with Google Trends’ top 5 search queries associated with breast, lung, prostate, colorectal, and skin cancers from January 1, 2021, to January 1, 2023. Data were extracted from the search tracker, and responses were produced by free and paywalled ChatGPT. Data were analyzed from December 20, 2023, to January 15, 2024.ExposuresFree vs paywalled chatbot outputs with and without prompt: “Explain the following at a sixth grade reading level: [nonprompted input].”Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome measured the readability of a chatbot’s responses using Flesch Reading Ease scores (0 [graduate reading level] to 100 [easy fifth grade reading level]). Secondary outcomes included assessing consumer health information quality with the validated DISCERN instrument (overall score from 1 [low quality] to 5 [high quality]) for each response. Scores were compared between the 2 chatbot models with and without prompting.ResultsThis study evaluated 100 chatbot responses. Nonprompted free chatbot responses had lower readability (median [IQR] Flesh Reading ease scores, 52.60 [44.54-61.46]) than nonprompted paywalled chatbot responses (62.48 [54.83-68.40]) (P &amp;lt; .05). However, prompting the free chatbot to reword responses at a sixth grade reading level was associated with increased reading ease scores than the paywalled chatbot nonprompted responses (median [IQR], 71.55 [68.20-78.99]) (P &amp;lt; .001). Prompting was associated with increases in reading ease in both free (median [IQR], 71.55 [68.20-78.99]; P &amp;lt; .001)and paywalled versions (median [IQR], 75.64 [70.53-81.12]; P &amp;lt; .001). There was no significant difference in overall DISCERN scores between the chatbot models, with and without prompting.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study, paying for the chatbot was found to provide easier-to-read responses, but prompting the free version of the chatbot was associated with increased response readability without changing information quality. Educating the public on how to prompt chatbots may help promote equitable access to health information.
ER-Targeted PET for Initial Staging and Suspected Recurrence in ER-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Ulaner Gary A. , Silverstein Mel , Nangia Chaitali , Tetef Merry , Vandermolen Louis , Coleman Colleen , Khan Sadia , MacDonald Heather , Patel Trushar , Techasith Tust , Mauguen Audrey 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceThere are insufficient data comparing 16α-18F-fluoro-17β-estradiol (FES) positron emission tomography (PET) computed tomography (CT) with standard-of-care imaging (SOC) for staging locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) or evaluating suspected recurrence.ObjectiveTo determine the detection rate of FES PET/CT and SOC for distant metastases in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive LABC and recurrences in patients with ER-positive BC and suspected recurrence.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis diagnostic study was conducted as a single-center phase 2 trial, from January 2021 to September 2023. The study design provided 80% power to find a 20% detection rate difference. Participants included patients with ER-positive LABC (cohort 1) or suspected recurrence (cohort 2). Data were analyzed from September 2023 to February 2024.ExposureParticipants underwent both SOC imaging and experimental FES PET/CT. When there were suspicious lesions on imaging, 1 was biopsied for histopathological reference standard to confirm presence (true positive) or absence (false positive) of malignant neoplasm.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe outcome of interest was the detection rate of FES PET CT vs SOC for distant metastases and recurrences.ResultsA total of 124 patients were accrued, with 62 in cohort 1 (median [IQR] age, 52 [32-84] years) and 62 in cohort 2 (median [IQR] age, 66 [30-93] years). In cohort 1, of 14 true-positive findings, SOC imaging detected 12 and FES detected 11 (P &amp;gt; .99). In cohort 2, of 23 true-positive findings, SOC detected 16 and FES detected 18 (P = .77). In 30 patients with lobular histology, of 11 true-positive findings, SOC detected 5 and FES detected 9 (P = .29). There were 6 false-positive findings on SOC and 1 false-positive finding on FES PET/CT (P = .13).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this diagnostic study with pathological findings as the reference standard, no difference was found between FES PET/CT and current SOC imaging for detecting distant metastases in patients with ER-positive LABC or recurrences in patients with ER-positive tumors and suspected recurrence. FES PET/CT could be considered for both clinical indications, which are not part of current Appropriate Use Criteria for FES PET. The findings regarding FES PET/CT in patients with lobular tumors, and for lower false positives than current SOC imaging, warrant further investigation.