bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation magnetic graphene oxide/diethylenetriamine composite for removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions
Authors: Banaei Alireza , Saadat Afshin , Javadi Roghayyeh , Pargolghasemi Parinaz 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGraphene oxide (GO) and its derivatives have several applications in many areas such as environmental and energy materials, water treatment and biomedical technologies. Because of having various polar groups on its surface, GO is considered as an excellent adsorbent. However, for many applications such as adsorption of pollution from aqueous solutions, chemical functionalization of graphene oxide is often a necessary requirement. In the present study, a new composite from graphene oxide, diethylenetriamine (DETA) and silica coated MnFe2O4 nanoparticles (GO/DETA/MnFe2O4@SiO2) was prepared. The structure, thermal stability and magnetic properties of the composite were studied by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, VSM and TGA spectroscopic methods. The prepared composite showed magnetic property with a saturation magnetization of 3.0 emu/g. The adsorption properties of GO/DETA/MnFe2O4@SiO2 composite for methylene blue (MB) in aqueous solution were studied using batch method. The effects of important parameters on the surface adsorption process of MB, including pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage and initial dye concentration were investigated. The adsorption isotherm was in accordance with Langmuir model showing surface homogeneity of the adsorbent. According to the Langmuir analysis, the maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of GO/DETA/MnFe2O4@SiO2 composite for MB was found to be 243.91 mg/g. The kinetic studies showed that the adsorption was pseudo first-order process. In addition, the thermodynamic studies indicated the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic process.
Uncovering hidden and complex relations of pandemic dynamics using an AI driven system
Authors: Demirbaga Umit , Kaur Navneet , Aujla Gagangeet Singh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic continues to challenge healthcare systems globally, necessitating advanced tools for clinical decision support. Amidst the complexity of COVID-19 symptomatology and disease severity prediction, there is a critical need for robust decision support systems to aid healthcare professionals in timely and informed decision-making. In response to this pressing demand, we introduce BayesCovid, a novel decision support system integrating Bayesian network models and deep learning techniques. BayesCovid automates data preprocessing and leverages advanced computational methods to unravel intricate patterns in COVID-19 symptom dynamics. By combining Bayesian networks and Bayesian deep learning models, BayesCovid offers a comprehensive solution for uncovering hidden relationships between symptoms and predicting disease severity. Experimental validation demonstrates BayesCovid ’s high prediction accuracy (83.52–98.97%). Our work represents a significant stride in addressing the urgent need for clinical decision support systems tailored to the complexities of managing COVID-19 cases. By providing healthcare professionals with actionable insights derived from sophisticated computational analysis, BayesCovid aims to enhance clinical decision-making, optimise resource allocation, and improve patient outcomes in the ongoing battle against the COVID-19 pandemic.
Potential domino effect of the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake on the centuries-long seismic quiescence of the Dead Sea fault: inferences from the North Anatolian fault
Authors: Altunel Erhan , Kozacı Özgür , Yıldırım Cengiz , Sbeinati Reda Mohamed , Meghraoui Mustapha 
Published: July 2024

AbstractField observations conducted immediately following the February 6, 2023, Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaraş earthquake documented the southern surface rupture termination in the Amik Basin. The termination occurred in an en-echelon pattern, extending across the 3.5 km width of the approximately 10-km-wide stepover. This extension reached towards the northern tip of the Hacıpaşa Fault, which constitutes the main northern segment of the Dead Sea Fault Zone (DSFZ). Archaeoseismologic and paleoseismologic data show that the approximately 800-km-long DSFZ has been seismically quiet for more than 600 years in the north and 900 years in the south. A similar fault connection geometry at the western end of the 1939 Ms 7.9 Erzincan earthquake in the easternmost part of the North Anatolian Fault Zone and the subsequently triggered successive large magnitude earthquakes migrating westward within a few decades highlights an increased seismic hazard for the entire DSFZ. This heightened seismic hazard potential along the DSFZ, combined with historical population centers experiencing wars and migrations, puts millions of people at an unparalleled risk.
Turning glucosinolate into allelopathic fate: investigating allyl isothiocyanate variability and nitrile formation in eco-friendly Brassica juncea from South Korea
Authors: Ko Da-Yeong , Seo Su-Mi , Lee Yong-Hyuk , Gil Chan Saem , Lee Hojoung , Ku Kang-Mo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLeaf mustard (Brassica juncea L.) is explored for its biofumigant properties, derived from its secondary metabolites, particularly allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), produced during the enzymatic breakdown of glucosinolates like sinigrin. The research examines eight leaf mustard cultivars developed in Yeosu city, South Korea, focusing on their genetic characteristics, AITC concentration and nitriles formation rates from glucosinolates. Results indicate that the allelopathic effects, largely dependent on AITC concentration and enzymatic activity, vary across cultivar. Sinigrin and AITC constitute 79% and 36%, respectively, of glucosinolate and its hydrolysis products. The cultivar 'Nuttongii' demonstrates significant potential for inhibiting weeds, exhibiting the highest AITC concentration at 27.47 ± 6.46 µmole g−1 These outcomes highlight the importance of selecting mustard cultivars for biofumigation based on their glucosinolate profiles and hydrolysis product yields. The study also identifies a significant genetic influence on AITC and nitrile formation, suggesting that epithiospecifier protein modulation could enhance both allelopathic and other beneficial effects. Collectively, the research underscores the promise of mustard as a sustainable, environmentally friendly alternative to traditional herbicides.
NF-κB inhibitor alpha controls SARS-CoV-2 infection in ACE2-overexpressing human airway organoids
Authors: Simoneau Camille R. , Chen Pei-Yi , Xing Galen K. , Hayashi Jennifer M. , Chen Irene P. , Khalid Mir M. , Meyers Nathan L. , Taha Taha Y. , Leon Kristoffer E. , Suryawanshi Rahul K. , McCavitt-Malvido Maria , Ashuach Tal , Fontaine Krystal A. , Rodriguez Lauren , Joehnk Bastian , Walcott Keith , Vasudevan Sreelakshmi , Fang Xiaohui , Maishan Mazharul , Schultz Shawn , Roose Jeroen P. , Matthay Michael A. , Sil Anita , Arjomandi Mehrdad , Yosef Nir , Ott Melanie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread worldwide, tractable primary airway cell models that recapitulate the cell-intrinsic response to arising viral variants are needed. Here we describe an adult stem cell-derived human airway organoid model overexpressing the ACE2 receptor (ACE2-OE) that supports robust viral replication while maintaining 3D architecture and cellular diversity of the airway epithelium. ACE2-OE organoids were infected with SARS-CoV-2 variants and subjected to single-cell RNA-sequencing. Interferon-lambda was upregulated in cells with low-level infection while the NF-kB inhibitor alpha gene (encoding IkBa) was consistently upregulated in infected cells, and its expression positively correlated with infection levels. Confocal microscopy showed more IkBa expression in infected than bystander cells, but found concurrent nuclear translocation of NF-kB that IkBa usually prevents. Overexpressing a nondegradable IkBa mutant reduced NF-kB translocation and increased viral infection. These data demonstrate the functionality of ACE2-OE organoids in SARS-CoV-2 research and underscore that the strength of the NF-kB feedback loop in infected cells controls viral replication.
Employees’ pro-environmental behavior in an organization: a case study in the UAE
Authors: Alherimi Nadin , Marva Zeki , Hamarsheh Khalid , Alzaatreh Ayman 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the factors influencing employees’ pro-environmental behavior (PEB) within organizations in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), a nation with a strong policy focus on sustainability. Utilizing a questionnaire-based survey of 146 employees in an automotive division of a UAE company and structural equation modeling (SEM), the research examines the impact of green entrepreneurial orientation, green leadership, environmental commitment, and Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) on employees’ willingness to engage in eco-friendly practices at work. The findings reveal that GHRM and green leadership significantly influence employees’ green entrepreneurial orientation, which in turn, alongside environmental commitment, positively impacts PEB. These results emphasize the importance of integrating sustainability into organizational culture, leadership, and human resource practices to foster a workforce that actively participates in environmental initiatives, thereby contributing to the development of sustainable communities and enhancing stakeholder engagement. The study provides valuable insights into the specific factors that drive PEB in the UAE context, where national policies prioritize sustainability, highlighting that the importance of implementing green practices and promoting a supportive environment encourages employees and stakeholders to embrace environmental sustainability. The research also sheds light on the role of green entrepreneurial orientation, suggesting that empowering employees to develop innovative environmental solutions can be a key driver of PEB. The SEM analysis also confirmed the positive impact of GHRM and green leadership on green entrepreneurial orientation. Additionally, green entrepreneurial orientation and environmental commitment were found to significantly influence PEB. These results have practical implications for organizations in the UAE and beyond, emphasizing that by integrating eco-friendly practices and fostering stakeholder engagement, organizations can enhance their environmental performance, strengthen their reputation, and attract environmentally conscious customers and employees, contributing to the development of sustainable communities.
Examining the feasibility and utility of heart rate variability on intervention outcomes targeting emotion regulation in autism: a brief report
Authors: Reisinger Debra L. , Goodwin Matthew S. , Horn Paul S. , Schmitt Lauren M. , Coffman Marika C. , Shaffer Rebecca C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAutistic youth experience several behavioral and emotional characteristics that can predispose them to emotion dysregulation (ED). Current literature examining ED in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is limited to parent- and self-reported measures, indicating a need for biological or physiological methods to better assess emotion regulation in ASD. Utilizing the autonomic nervous system, specifically heart rate variability (HRV), may be a promising method to objectively measure ED in ASD, given it is one of the body’s primary means of regulating physiological arousal. Our pilot study is one of the first to examine the feasibility, utility, and construct validity of HRV along with clinical measures within an intervention targeting ED-specific symptoms in ASD. Participants included 30 autistic youth ages 8–17 years who participated in the pilot study of Regulating Together, a group-based intervention targeting emotion regulation. We demonstrate HRV is feasible, demonstrates adequate test–retest reliability, and is complimentary to clinician- and parent-reported measures. Our preliminary findings also point to certain HRV profiles being indicative of long-term outcomes after receiving treatment. HRV may be a useful, objective tool in determining differential needs of long-term follow-up care for treatment maintenance at screening or baseline stages.
Genomic insights into the shared and distinct genetic architecture of cognitive function and schizophrenia
Authors: Wootton Olivia , Shadrin Alexey A. , Bjella Thomas , Smeland Olav B. , van der Meer Dennis , Frei Oleksandr , O’Connell Kevin S. , Ueland Torill , Andreassen Ole A. , Stein Dan J. , Dalvie Shareefa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCognitive impairment is a major determinant of functional outcomes in schizophrenia, however, understanding of the biological mechanisms underpinning cognitive dysfunction in the disorder remains incomplete. Here, we apply Genomic Structural Equation Modelling to identify latent cognitive factors capturing genetic liabilities to 12 cognitive traits measured in the UK Biobank. We identified three broad factors that underly the genetic correlations between the cognitive tests. We explore the overlap between latent cognitive factors, schizophrenia, and schizophrenia symptom dimensions using a complementary set of statistical approaches, applied to data from the latest schizophrenia genome-wide association study (Ncase = 53,386, Ncontrol = 77,258) and the Thematically Organised Psychosis study (Ncase = 306, Ncontrol = 1060). Global genetic correlations showed a significant moderate negative genetic correlation between each cognitive factor and schizophrenia. Local genetic correlations implicated unique genomic regions underlying the overlap between schizophrenia and each cognitive factor. We found substantial polygenic overlap between each cognitive factor and schizophrenia and biological annotation of the shared loci implicated gene-sets related to neurodevelopment and neuronal function. Lastly, we show that the common genetic determinants of the latent cognitive factors are not predictive of schizophrenia symptoms in the Norwegian Thematically Organized Psychosis cohort. Overall, these findings inform our understanding of cognitive function in schizophrenia by demonstrating important differences in the shared genetic architecture of schizophrenia and cognitive abilities.
Multicenter comparative study of Enterocytozoon bieneusi DNA extraction methods from stool samples, and mechanical pretreatment protocols evaluation
Authors: Nourrisson Céline , Moniot Maxime , Tressol Maxime , Lambert Céline , Fréalle Emilie , Robert-Gangneux Florence , Costa Damien , Basmaciyan Louise , Poirier Philippe 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNowadays, the use of qPCR for the diagnosis of intestinal microsporidiosis is increasing. There are several studies on the evaluation of qPCR performance but very few focus on the stool pretreatment step before DNA extraction, which is nevertheless a crucial step. This study focuses on the mechanical pretreatment of stools for Enterocytozoon bieneusi spores DNA extraction. Firstly, a multicenter comparative study was conducted evaluating seven extraction methods (manual or automated) including various mechanical pretreatment. Secondly, several durations and grinding speeds and types of beads were tested in order to optimize mechanical pretreatment. Extraction methods of the various centers had widely-varying performances especially for samples with low microsporidia loads. Nuclisens® easyMAG (BioMérieux) and Quick DNA Fecal/Soil Microbe Microprep kit (ZymoResearch) presented the best performances (highest frequencies of detection of low spore concentrations and lowest Ct values). Optimal performances of mechanical pretreatment were obtained by applying a speed of 30 Hz during 60 s with the TissueLyser II (Qiagen) using commercial beads of various materials and sizes (from ZymoResearch or MP Biomedicals). Overall, the optimal DNA extraction method for E. bieneusi spores contained in stool samples was obtained with a strong but short bead beating using small-sized beads from various materials.
Modified osprey algorithm for optimizing capsule neural network in leukemia image recognition
Authors: Yao Bingying , Chao Li , Asadi Mehdi , Alnowibet Khalid A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe diagnosis of leukemia is a serious matter that requires immediate and accurate attention. This research presents a revolutionary method for diagnosing leukemia using a Capsule Neural Network (CapsNet) with an optimized design. CapsNet is a cutting-edge neural network that effectively captures complex features and spatial relationships within images. To improve the CapsNet's performance, a Modified Version of Osprey Optimization Algorithm (MOA) has been utilized. Thesuggested approach has been tested on the ALL-IDB database, a widely recognized dataset for leukemia image classification. Comparative analysis with various machine learning techniques, including Combined combine MobilenetV2 and ResNet18 (MBV2/Res) network, Depth-wise convolution model, a hybrid model that combines a genetic algorithm with ResNet-50V2 (ResNet/GA), and SVM/JAYA demonstrated the superiority of our method in different terms. As a result, the proposed method is a robust and powerful tool for diagnosing leukemia from medical images.
The effects of temperament type on infusion extravasation in newborns
Authors: Huang Fang , Huang Li-xuan , Huang Zhen-peng , Wei Jiao-jiao , Lu Chang-jiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInfusion extravasation has an increased incidence in newborns, which can result in various adverse outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different types of temperament on infusion extravasation in newborns. A total of 209 newborns aged 4–7 days who were treated with infusion therapy were assessed for temperament type using the neonatal behavioral assessment scale score (NBAS). The 2009 Infusion Nurses Society clinical grading criteria for extravasation were used, and the clinical data of the newborns, such as gestational age and body weight, were collected. Out of 209 newborns assessed, 107 developed infusion extravasations, with an incidence rate of 51.2%. Newborns with intermediate temperament type were more prone to develop infusion extravasation. Newborns with low body weight, amniotic fluid aspiration syndrome, or meconium aspiration syndrome were prone to develop infusion extravasation. Body weight, temperament type of consolability, temperament type of peak of excitement, diseases, general temperament type, and NBAS total scores of the neonates were independent risk factors for infusion extravasation. Thus, different types of temperament can have an impact on neonatal extravasation.
Hepatocellular carcinoma outcomes and potential implications for surveillance in elderly patients
Authors: Kim Aryoung , Park Goeun , Goh Myung Ji , Song Byeong Geun , Kang Wonseok , Gwak Geum-Youn , Paik Yong-Han , Choi Moon Seok , Lee Joon Hyeok , Sinn Dong Hyun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInternational liver societies recommend hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance for those at high-risk of developing HCC. While previous studies have shown the benefits of surveillance for middle-aged patients, but its necessity for elderly patients is unclear. This study aimed to assess the benefits of HCC surveillance in the elderly by comparing diagnosis mode of HCC. Consecutive, elderly patients aged 75 years or older who were newly diagnosed with HCC were screened at our institution between January 2009 and December 2021. Patients were grouped into those who were diagnosed with HCC during surveillance (n = 235, surveillance group) and those who were diagnosed with HCC due to symptoms (n = 184, symptomatic group). The study outcome was overall survival. It was compared in the overall cohort and a propensity score (PS)-matched cohort. Early-stage diagnosis was more frequent in the surveillance group than in the symptomatic group (mUICC stage I/II: 72.3% vs. 39.1%, p < 0.001). The overall survival rate was better in the surveillance group than in the symptomatic group (median 4.4 vs. 2.1 years, log-rank p < 0.001). In multivariable-adjusted models, the hazard ratio (HR) of mortality of the surveillance group compared to the symptomatic group was 0.64 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.47–0.87). However, further adjustment for the tumor stage markedly attenuated this association, which was no longer statistically significant (adjusted HR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.54–1.02). In the PS-matched cohort analysis, outcomes were similar when the PS matching variables included the tumor stage. In contrast, when PS matching variables did not include the tumor stage, outcomes were better for the surveillance group. The surveillance group of elderly patients showed better survival than the symptomatic group, which was largely explained by earlier tumor stage at diagnosis. This suggests that the overall outcome of elderly HCC patients could be improved by increasing surveillance-detected cases compared to symptom-driven cases.
An in-vivo treatment monitoring system for ion-beam radiotherapy based on 28 Timepix3 detectors
Authors: Kelleter Laurent , Marek Lukas , Echner Gernot , Ochoa-Parra Pamela , Winter Marcus , Harrabi Semi , Jakubek Jan , Jäkel Oliver , Debus Jürgen , Martisikova Maria 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIon-beam radiotherapy is an advanced cancer treatment modality offering steep dose gradients and a high biological effectiveness. These gradients make the therapy vulnerable to patient-setup and anatomical changes between treatment fractions, which may go unnoticed. Charged fragments from nuclear interactions of the ion beam with the patient tissue may carry information about the treatment quality. Currently, the fragments escape the patient undetected. Inter-fractional in-vivo treatment monitoring based on these charged nuclear fragments could make ion-beam therapy safer and more efficient. We developed an ion-beam monitoring system based on 28 hybrid silicon pixel detectors (Timepix3) to measure the distribution of fragment origins in three dimensions. The system design choices as well as the ion-beam monitoring performance measurements are presented in this manuscript. A spatial resolution of $${{4}\,\hbox {mm}}$$

4

mm

along the beam axis was achieved for the measurement of individual fragment origins. Beam-range shifts of $${1.5}\,\hbox {mm}$$

1.5

mm

were identified in a clinically realistic treatment scenario with an anthropomorphic head phantom. The monitoring system is currently being used in a prospective clinical trial at the Heidelberg Ion Beam Therapy Centre for head-and-neck as well as central nervous system cancer patients.