bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Chat-GPT read and understand guidelines? An example using the S2k guideline intrauterine growth restriction of the German Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics
Authors: Psilopatis Iason , Bader Simon , Krueckel Annika , Kehl Sven , Beckmann Matthias W. , Emons Julius 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the capacity of chat-generative pre-trained transformer (Chat-GPT) to understand the S2k guideline of the German Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics on intrauterine growth restriction.

Methods
The German-language free Chat-GPT version was used to test the ability of Chat-GPT to understand the definition of small for gestational age and intrauterine growth restriction, to indicate the correct time and place of delivery and to evaluate ist ability to recommend a spontaneous delivery versus a primary caesarean section in accordance with the guideline recommendations. In order to objectively evaluate the suggestions a simple three-color ‘traffic light’ evaluation system was employed.

Results
Almost all Chat-GPT’s suggestions in the context of definition of small for gestational age/intrauterine growth restriction as well as correct time of delivery were adequate, whereas more than half of the suggestions made in terms of correct delivery mode needed reformulation or even correction.

Conclusion
Chat-GPT appears to be a valuable form of artificial intelligence that could be integrated into everyday clinical practice.
Can isometric testing substitute for the one repetition maximum squat test?
Authors: Warneke Konstantin , Keiner Michael , Behm David G. , Wirth Klaus , Kaufmann Martin , Sproll Mareike , Konrad Andreas , Wallot Sebastian , Hillebrecht Martin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhen measuring maximum strength, a high accuracy and precision is required to monitor the training adaptations. Based on available reliability parameters, the literature suggests the replacement of the one repetition maximum (1RM) by isometric testing to save testing time. However, from a statistical point of view, correlation coefficients do not provide the required information when aiming to replace one test by another. Therefore, the literature suggests the inclusion of the mean absolute error (MAE), the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) for agreement analysis. Consequently, to check the replaceability of 1RM testing methods, the current study examined the agreement of isometric and dynamic testing methods in the squat and the isometric mid-thigh pull. While in accordance with the literature, correlations were classified high r = 0.638–0.828 and ICC = 0.630–0.828, the agreement analysis provided MAEs of 175.75–444.17 N and MAPEs of 16.16–57.71% indicating an intolerable high measurement error between isometric and dynamic testing conditions in the squat and isometric mid-thigh pull. In contrast to previous studies, using MAE, MAPE supplemented by CCC and BA analysis highlights the poor agreement between the included strength tests. The recommendation to replace 1RM testing with isometric testing routines in the squat does not provide suitable concordance and is not recommended.
Single nucleotide polymorphism rs7961894, platelet morphological parameters and lipid profile in children with type 1 diabetes: a potential relationship
Authors: El-Hawy Mahmoud A. , Abdelsattar Shimaa , Bedair Hanan M. , Elsaady Doaa Z. , Hola Ahmed S. Abo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIncreased cardiovascular risk has been associated with certain platelet morphological parameters, and several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been reported to be linked. Still, little is known about their role among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). So, we aimed to investigate platelet parameters and lipid profile changes in relation to rs7961894 SNP in children with T1DM. Eighty children with T1DM and eighty apparently healthy controls participated in this cross-sectional study. Platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), HbA1c, triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured, and atherogenic indices were calculated. Using a real-time polymerase chain allelic discrimination technique, rs7961894 SNP was genotyped. Children with T1DM had significantly higher MPV, PDW, TC, and LDL-C compared to controls. 25% of patients had rs7961894 CT genotype with significantly higher MPV, PDW, PCT, LDL-C, triglycerides, Castelli’s risk index II (CRI II), and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) compared to CC genotyped patients. MPV correlated significantly with CRI II and AIP, PDW with CRI II, while PCT correlated substantially with HbA1c, LDL-C, CRI II, and AIP. rs7961894 CT genotype was a significant dependent predictor of the changes in MPV, PDW, and PCT in multivariate regression analysis.Conclusion: In children with T1DM, rs7961894 CT genotype is significantly linked to MPV, PDW, and PCT changes, which showed a substantial relationship to CRI II and AIP, highlighting the importance of monitoring these patients to identify potential cardiovascular risks early.

What is Known:• Platelets and dyslipidemia are involved in atherosclerosis pathogenesis• Changes in platelet activity and morphological parameters in diabetes mellitus are contradictory• rs7961894 single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with significant changes in mean platelet volume (MPV) with no available data in children

What is New:• Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus exhibited significantly higher values of MPV and platelet distribution width (PDW)• rs7961894 CT genotype was a dependent predictor of the changes in MPV, PDW, and plateletcrit (PCT) values• Diabetic children with the rs7961894 CT genotype showed substantial alterations in lipid parameters with a strong correlation between MPV, PDW, and PCT and Castelli’s risk index II and the atherogenic index of plasma
Periareolar approach in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for right middle lobectomy: a novel technique
Authors: Mao Zhangfan , Dong Ping , Zhou Qing , Zhang Shaowen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Uniportal thoracoscopic right middle lobectomy (RML) poses greater technical challenges than other lobectomies. Although two-port thoracoscopy offers convenience, it results in heightened surgical trauma and scarring. The periareolar incision is rarely used in lobectomy while known for its cosmetic advantages. This study presents the periareolar access (combining a periareolar port and a 1-cm port) for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in RML, comparing it with the traditional uniportal technique in both male and female patients.

Methods
Eighty patients who underwent RML were randomly divided into two groups: the periareolar VATS (PV) approach (n = 40) and the uniportal VATS (UV) approach (n = 40) from August 2020 to February 2023. All patients were followed up for 1 year and clinical data were collected and analyzed.

Results
No significant differences in complications, blood loss, duration of chest tube placement, and length of postoperative hospital stay were observed between two methods. However, the PV group exhibited significantly shorter operative time, reduced postoperative visible scarring and lower visual analogue scores (VAS) for postoperative pain (P < 0.05). Additionally, the PV group demonstrated significantly higher cosmetic and satisfaction scores at the 6-month postoperative assessment (P < 0.05). Notably, breast ultrasound follow-up revealed two cases injuries of the mammary glands in female patients, and sensory function of most nipple and areola remained intact except two cases in all PV group patients.

Conclusions
Periareolar VATS emerges as a promising alternative approach for RML, providing clear benefits in pain management and cosmetic outcomes, while maintaining safety and convenience.

Graphical Abstract
Efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin in children with kidney disease: real-world data
Authors: Choi Naye , Kim Ji Hyun , Park Peong Gang , Lee Hyeonju , Min Jeesu , Park Hye Won , Ahn Yo Han , Kang Hee Gyung 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, has shown results in slowing estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and reducing proteinuria in adult patients with chronic kidney disease. This retrospective study examines dapagliflozin’s effects in 22 children with kidney disease and proteinuria.

Methods
Children with a median age of 15.6 years were treated with dapagliflozin for > 3 months between July 2022 and December 2023. All children had been treated with either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker for at least 1 month before starting dapagliflozin.

Results
The most common kidney disease diagnoses in this study included Alport syndrome (n = 7) and medication-resistant nephrotic syndrome or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (n = 7). After 6.1 months of treatment, dapagliflozin treatment did not result in significant changes in eGFR or proteinuria. However, at the latest follow-up, a statistically significant decrease in eGFR was noted (65.5 compared to the baseline 71.1 mL/min/1.73 m2, P = 0.003). Proteinuria remained stable between baseline and the last follow-up (final spot urine protein/creatinine ratio (uPCR) 0.7 vs. baseline uPCR 0.6 mg/mg, P = 0.489). In the subgroup analysis of children treated for > 8 months, the eGFR decline post-treatment changed from − 0.5 to − 0.2 ml/min/1.73 m2 per month (P = 0.634). Only two children discontinued dapagliflozin due to suspected adverse events.

Conclusions
Dapagliflozin has not been associated with serious side effects. Further prospective clinical trials are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin in children with kidney disease.

Graphical abstract
Clinical characteristics and detection of MYB-QKI fusions in patients with angiocentric glioma
Authors: Li Tiemin , Aihemaitiniyazi Adilijiang , Zhang Huawei , Wei Da , Hu Yue , Guan Yuguang , Zhou Jian , Qi Xueling , Wang Mengyang , Wu Bin , Zhu Mingwang , Zhang Linpeng , Luan Guoming , Liu Changqing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Angiocentric glioma (AG), a benign tumor identified within the last two decades, was officially included in the 2007 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System, WHO grade I. The tumor is relatively rare, with only approximately 100 cases reported. We aim to complement the characteristics and long-term prognosis of AG, as well as to detect MYB-QKI fusions.

Methods
The characteristics of all cases collected between 1 March 2009 and 1 March 2023 at the Beijing Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, were summarized and analyzed. Additionally, all fourteen patients were tested for MYB-QKI fusions.

Results
AG more predominantly occurs in adolescents (median age 16.5-year-old), and commonly presents with drug-resistant epilepsy. AG is frequently localized in the supratentorial regions and only one patient is in the brainstem. Brain parenchyma atrophy, and stalk-like signs can observe in imaging. Pathologically, tumor cells are perivascular pseudorosettes, presenting immunoreactivity for GFAP, S-100, Vimentin, “dot-like” staining for EMA, and low proliferative activity. Focal cortex dysplasia was observed in four patients. Twelve of fourteen (85.7%) patients were found with MYB-QKI fusions. Completely surgical resection typically has a satisfactory prognosis with long-term follow-up.

Conclusion
AG is a rare benign tumor with a favorable prognosis after complete resection, characterized by refractory epilepsy, frequently occurring in adolescents. MYB-QKI fusions were detected in most AG patients, as a good defining genetic alteration pathologically. The potential presence of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) may affect the prognosis of epilepsy.
Idea generation in exploitative and explorative business process redesign techniques
Authors: Groß Steven , Grisold Thomas , Mendling Jan , Haase Jennifer 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBusiness process redesign has received considerable attention in research and practice. An important task contributing to redesign is idea generation. It has been argued that the choice of technique influences redesign outcomes, but empirical evidence is largely missing. In this paper, we examine the role of idea generation in business process redesign by comparing two different kinds of techniques: exploitative and explorative redesign techniques. Often, exploitative techniques are expected to yield more appropriate solutions, while explorative techniques are associated with more creative outcomes. To investigate such propositions, we consider the Best Practices of Process Redesign as an example of an exploitative redesign technique and the Business Process Design Space as an explorative redesign technique. We conducted a free-simulation experiment to study the empirical impact of the choice of redesign techniques on outcomes. We find that the Business Process Design Space leads to a higher number of redesign ideas, which are also more diverse. These are more creative and novel than ideas produced by the Best Practices of Process Redesign. Against expectation, the best practices as an exploitative approach do not produce more appropriate nor impactful ideas in our task design. Since both approaches cover different areas of improvement, a key implication of our work is that they should not be seen as isolated approaches to redesign; rather, they should be purposefully combined to not only create novel but also operational business process redesigns.
Course of the extensor pollicis longus tendon considering the different functional positions of the wrist and the first ray—an anatomical study
Authors: Grechenig Peter , di Vora Theresa , Koutp Amir , Andrianakis Alexandros , Puchwein Paul , Hohenberger Gloria 
Published: August 2024

Summary

Background
The aim of this anatomical study was to evaluate the course of the extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon, its positional relationship to adjacent structures, and the resulting clinical relevance under consideration of various functional positions.

Materials and methods
Twenty upper extremities from ten adult human cadavers embalmed using Thiel’s method were included in this study. The greatest possible movement/slippage of the EPL tendon, the angle at which the tendon wraps around Lister’s tubercle, and its course across the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis (ECRL and ECRB) were recorded and defined in all functional positions.

Results
Our findings demonstrate a high range of motion of the tendon in relation to clinically relevant structures.

Conclusion
Understanding the anatomical course of the EPL tendon, its potential extent of movement, and its resulting positional changes is essential for the diagnosis and surgical treatment of patients with complaints or injuries in the dorsoradial wrist region.
On Augmented Dimensional Analysis
Authors: Jonsson Dan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe present an innovative approach to dimensional analysis, referred to as augmented dimensional analysis and based on a representation theorem for complete quantity functions with a scaling-covariant scalar representation. This new theorem, grounded in a purely algebraic theory of quantity spaces, allows the classical $\pi $
π
theorem to be restated in an explicit and precise form and its prerequisites to be clarified and relaxed. Augmented dimensional analysis, in contrast to classical dimensional analysis, is guaranteed to take into account all relations among the quantities involved. Several examples are given to show that the information thus gained, together with symmetry assumptions, can lead to new or stronger results. We also explore the connection between dimensional analysis and matroid theory, elucidating combinatorial aspects of dimensional analysis. It is emphasized that dimensional analysis rests on a principle of covariance.
Spatiotemporal Surface Temperature Measurements Resolving Flame-Wall Interactions of Lean H2-Air and CH4-Air Flames Using Phosphor Thermometry
Authors: Ojo Anthony O. , Padhiary Abhijit , Peterson Brian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSpatiotemporal wall temperature (Twall) distributions resulting from flame-wall interactions of lean H2-air and CH4-air flames are measured using phosphor thermometry. Such measurements are important to understand transient heat transfer and wall heat flux associated with various flame features. This is particularly true for hydrogen, which can exhibit a range of unique flame features associated with combustion instabilities. Experiments are performed within a two-wall passage, in an optically accessible chamber. The phosphor ScVO4:Bi3+ is used to measure Twall in a 22 × 22 mm2 region with 180 µm/pixel resolution and repetition rate of 1 kHz. Chemiluminescence imaging is combined with phosphor thermometry to correlate the spatiotemporal dynamics of the flame with the heat signatures imposed on the wall. Measurements are performed for lean H2-air flames with equivalence ratio Φ = 0.56 and compared to CH4-air flames with Φ = 1. Twall signatures for H2-air Φ = 0.56 exhibit alternating high and low-temperature vertical streaks associated with finger-like flame structures, while CH4-air flames exhibit larger scale wrinkling with identifiable crest/cusp regions that exhibit higher/lower wall temperatures, respectively. The underlying differences in flame morphology and Twall distributions observed between the CH4-air and lean H2-air mixtures are attributed to the differences in their Lewis number (CH4-air Φ = 1: Le = 0.94; H2-air Φ = 0.56: Le = 0.39). Findings are presented at two different passage spacings to study the increased wall heat loss with larger surface-area-to-volume ratios. Additional experiments are conducted for H2-air mixtures with Φ = 0.45, where flame propagation was slower and was more suitable to resolve the wall heat signatures associated with thermodiffusive instabilities. These unstable flame features impose similar wall heat fluxes as flames with 2–3 times greater flame power. In this study, these flame instabilities occur within a small space/time domain, but demonstrate the capability to impose appreciable heat fluxes on surfaces.
Large-scale serial replacement of invasive tench (Tinca tinca) by invasive carp (Cyprinus carpio) in the presence of redfin perch (Perca fluviatilis) in the Murray-Darling River system, Australia
Authors: Hill Matthew P. , Caley Peter , Stuart Ivor , Duncan Richard P. , Forsyth David M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEcosystems worldwide are increasingly being invaded by multiple species, and the rate of biological invasion is accelerating, leading to more interactions among invasive species. One such interaction that has received little attention is the phenomenon of ‘serial replacement’ or ‘over-invasion’, where an established invasive species is supplanted by a second invasive species. Understanding this interaction is important as controlling the second species could inadvertently lead to an increase in the abundance of the first species. We used a hierarchical state-space model to analyse changes in annual abundances (commercial catch-per-unit-effort) of three invasive fish species, tench (Tinca tinca), common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and redfin perch (Perca fluviatilis), in the Murray-Darling River system (MDRS), Australia between 1954–2002. Tench were present at low abundances until the mid-1970 s, before declining to the point of no commercial catch post-1989. This rapid decline coincided with a significant increase in carp abundance, suggesting that carp may have driven the tench decline through habitat modification (particularly the destruction of aquatic plants), consistent with findings from European studies that show the disappearance of tench from ponds with intensive carp farming. Redfin perch populations, were inferred to be much less impacted by the invading carp population. While carp were present in the MDRS for the duration of the study, the rapid increase in carp abundance in the early 1970 s coincided with the introduction of a specific genetic lineage—the “Boolarra strain”. Our analysis provides compelling evidence of serial replacement of long-established tench by invading common carp triggered by the introduction of a novel carp strain.
Plant species richness in intensively managed temperate wet grasslands: current state and the importance of edge habitats
Authors: Leuschner Christoph , Lott Sally , Schmitz Anja , Wellinghoff Julia , Komainda Martin , Isselstein Johannes 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigates within-site variation in the diversity and composition of aboveground vegetation and seed bank in intensively managed wet grasslands of north-western Germany, comparing field edges, field margins and field interiors. We tested the hypothesis that unfertilized buffer strips at field edges function as refugia of characteristic species even in grasslands that are managed intensively for silage production. In 55 grassland sites on each marsh and moor soils, respectively, we conducted vegetation surveys, seed bank analyses and soil chemical measurements in field edge, margin and interior plots, and searched for the factors causing within-site variation in vegetation composition. The total species pool was small at the 110 sites, i.e. 148 species in the aboveground vegetation and 107 species in the seed bank, demonstrating severe impoverishment. The α-diversity decreased from 23 species (median) per 200 m2 at the edge to 15 species in the interior, with 38 species occurring only at field edges. The number of species with conservation value was very low in aboveground vegetation and seed bank and was only slightly higher at the edge than in the interior. Soil P availability was ca. 30% lower at the unfertilized edges than in the interior. We conclude that unfertilized buffer strips at grassland edges may help reducing nutrient leaching from high-input grassland systems, but they have mostly lost their refugial function for phytodiversity after decades of intensive management. Restoration efforts with seed or green hay transfer from richer source habitats are needed to promote biodiversity in field-edge buffer strips.
Unification, T-theoreticity, and Testing: The Case of Fitness in Natural Selection
Authors: Díez José , Ginnobili Santiago , Lorenzano Pablo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTheoreticity and unification are two main issues discussed in philosophy of science. The first attempts to clarify the different roles of concepts used in a scientific theory. The second concerns the role of unification in scientific explanation and scientific progress. Both discussions have followed separate, independent paths. In this paper, we examine the interrelatedness of these two notions by focusing on classical particle mechanics and the theory of natural selection. We claim that they are interconnected in two distinct ways. On the one hand, a theory’s unifying power relies on the presence of some theoretical concepts that apply to heterogeneous phenomena through the assumption of a (sometimes unstated) general principle. On the other hand, a sensible application of the theoreticity criterion to these integrating concepts requires the unification not being spurious. We conclude that a correct determination of the theoreticty status requires analyzing how specific applications of different parts of a theory interact with each other.