bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of forecast accuracy of photovoltaic power output on capacity optimization of microgrid composition under 30‐minute power balancing control
Authors: Sone Akihito , Kato Takeyoshi , Shimakage Toyonari , Suzuoki Yasuo 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA microgrid (MG) is one of the measures for enhancing the high penetration of renewable energy (RE)‐based distributed generators (DGs). If a number of MGs are controlled to maintain the predetermined electricity demand including RE‐based DGs as negative demand, they would contribute to supply–demand balancing of the whole electric power system. For constructing an MG economically, capacity optimization of controllable DGs against RE‐based DGs is essential. Using a numerical simulation model developed on the basis of a demonstrative study on an MG using PAFC and NaS battery as controllable DGs and photovoltaic power generation system (PVS) as an RE‐based DG, this study discusses the influence of the forecast accuracy of PVS output on capacity optimization. Three forecast cases with different accuracy are compared. The main results are as follows. Even with no forecast error during every 30‐minute period, the ideal forecast method, the required capacity of NaS batteries reaches about 40% of the PVS capacity for mitigating the instantaneous forecast error within 30 minutes. The required capacity to compensate for forecast error is doubled under the actual forecast method. The influence of forecast error can be reduced by adjusting the scheduled power output of controllable DGs according to weather forecasts. Besides, the required capacity can be reduced significantly if the error of balancing control in an MG is acceptable for a few percent of periods, because the total periods of large forecast error are not frequent. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 182(2): 20–29, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22328
A high‐efficiency isolated DC/DC converter using series connection on the secondary side
Authors: Miyawaki Satoshi , Itoh Jun‐Ichi , Iwaya Kazuki 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis paper proposes a new circuit topology for a high‐efficiency isolated DC/DC converter using series compensation. The proposed converter consists of a high‐efficiency resonance half‐bridge converter and a series converter. The series converter regulates the output voltage and provides only the differential voltage between the input voltage and output voltage. Therefore, the circuit achieves high efficiency when the input voltage is almost equal to the output voltage, because then only the resonance converter will operate. In this paper, the approach employed to achieve high efficiency by using the proposed series compensation method is introduced. In addition, the fundamental operation and the method of designing the proposed circuit are described. The suitability of the proposed circuit was confirmed by performing experiment and loss analysis, and the maximum efficiency achieved was 96.2%. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 182(2): 42–52, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22330
Method for on‐line estimation of electrical motor parameter variation and current sensor offset for SPM motor
Authors: Uenaka Yutaro , Sazawa Masaki , Ohishi Kiyoshi , Takahashi Kenji 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe servo system of a permanent magnet (PM) motor should always maintain fine torque and speed responses. Accurate motor parameter identification is necessary for the PM motor servo system because the current control system is designed by considering the electrical parameters of the PM motor. However, the motor parameters vary with the age of the motor and the temperature. Moreover, the current sensors have offset values. When the current sensor has offset values, the PM motor servo system produces torque ripple. In order to overcome these problems, this paper proposes a new real‐time estimation method for both the current sensor offsets and the electrical parameters (resistance Ra , inductance La , and magnetic flux ϕfa) of the surface permanent magnet (SPM) motor. The proposed method involves the use of a real‐time algorithm and a current simulator, which is operated using a DSP software system. In order to accurately estimate the motor parameters, the proposed method uses estimated currents, the DC components of sensor currents, and the nominal motor parameter values. The experimental results confirm that the proposed method satisfactorily estimates the current sensor offset of the U phase and V phase, as well as the electrical motor parameters Ra,La , and ϕfa accurately. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 182(2): 30–41, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22331
Agenda‐setting on the environment: the development of climate change adaptation as an issue in European states
Authors: Keskitalo E. Carina H. , Westerhoff Lisa , Juhola Sirkku 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTAdaptation to climate change is increasingly recognized as a necessary complement to mitigation, resulting in a growing number of adaptation policies and actions across the globe. This study applies John Kingdon's theory of agenda setting through a multi‐level approach to explain the ways in which the climate change adaptation issue has recently developed in four European countries: the United Kingdom, Sweden, Finland and Italy. The study illustrates that a multi‐level adaptation policy window has been opened in the context of the UK, whereas adaptation has mainly developed on the national and in specific local cases in Finland and Sweden, while in Italy the issue remains off the agenda. The study thus shows that policy windows may be supported through the interaction of streams at both national and sub‐national levels, particularly buttressed by focusing climate events and media reporting. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Silica Biomorphs: Complex Biomimetic Hybrid Materials from “Sand and Chalk”
Authors: Kellermeier Matthias , Cölfen Helmut , García‐Ruiz Juan Manuel 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBiomineralization can afford crystal frameworks of great diversity and utmost complexity, frequently featuring hierarchical structures and morphologies beyond any crystallographic restrictions. The formation of such architectures is usually directed by organic molecules or matrices, which modify crystallization in a deliberate manner. Their influence often leads to sinuous forms, which, by intuition, suggest the presence of life and distinguish these minerals from their inanimate, mostly euhedral counterparts. However, such a strict distinction does not hold. In fact, smooth curvature and higher‐order structuring can occur also in purely inorganic environments: simply by precipitating alkaline earth carbonates in silica‐containing media, aggregates of highly oriented carbonate nanocrystals can be obtained that display striking noncrystallographic morphologies such as regular helicoids. Thereby, individual crystallites as well as the entire assembly are sheathed by amorphous silica, thus giving a composite material with various levels of hierarchy. These exceptional forms, called “silica biomorphs”, self‐assemble through a bottom‐up process, which relies on local variations in the conditions and is driven by a pH‐based coupling of the carbonate and silicate. Here, we review recent progress in the field of silica biomorphs with particular focus on their mechanism of formation, provide insight into structural details at different length scales, and discuss implications of these biomimetic crystal aggregates for both primitive life detection and materials science.
Chemoselective Preparation of Unsymmetrical Bis(1,2,3‐triazole) Derivatives and Application in Bis(1,2,3‐triazole)‐Modified Peptidomimetic Synthesis
Authors: Niu Teng‐fei , Gu Lin , Wang Liang , Yi Wen‐bin , Cai Chun 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAn efficient chemoselective methodology for the syntheses of unsymmetrical bis(1,2,3‐triazole) derivatives has been developed. This protocol utilizes alkynyl‐substituted amines as bifunctional linkers to conjoin a copper‐free three‐component cycloaddition with a copper(I)‐catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition in a one‐pot procedure. In addition, we used this method for the construction of unsymmetrical bis(1,2,3‐triazole)‐modified peptidomimetics through a combination of multicomponent reactions taking place in a sequential process, which may be utilized in biological applications.
Combined Pd/C and Montmorillonite Catalysis for One‐Pot Synthesis of Benzimidazoles
Authors: Weires Nicholas A. , Boster Jared , Magolan Jakob 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA series of nineteen benzimidazoles were prepared from ortho‐nitroanilines by one‐pot transfer hydrogenation, condensation, and dehydrogenation enabled by the concurrent use of two heterogeneous catalysts: montmorillonite‐K10 and Pd/C. This strategy was further employed to accomplish a five‐step, three‐component synthesis of an antifungal benzimidazoquinazoline by using a simple one‐pot procedure.
Effect of cryogenic burnishing on surface integrity modifications of Co‐Cr‐Mo biomedical alloy
Authors: Yang Shu , Dillon Oscar W. , Puleo David A. , Jawahir Ibrahim S. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSevere plastic deformation (SPD) processes have been used to modify the surface integrity properties of many materials by generating ultrafine or even nanometer‐sized grains in the surface and subsurface region. These fine grained materials created by SPD and dynamic recrystallization in a thin layer near the surface usually have higher hardness and frequently exhibit enhanced mechanical properties (wear resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue life, etc.). Cryogenic burnishing, a SPD process, was used to improve several surface integrity parameters of a Co‐Cr‐Mo biomedical alloy. Application of liquid nitrogen during the burnishing process significantly suppressed the temperature rise within and outside the nitrogen application zone. Better surface finish, high hardness value, thick burnishing‐influenced surface layer, and significant grain refinement were simultaneously achieved with the application of cryogenic cooling. Current results show that cryogenic burnishing can be an effective processing method for modifying the studied surface integrity properties of Co‐Cr‐Mo biomedical alloy. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 101B: 139–152, 2013.
Spectroscopic Investigation on the Binding of the Antitumoral Pd(II) Complex to Human Serum Albumin
Authors: Saeidifar Maryam , Mansouri‐Torshizi Hassan , Divsalar Adeleh , Saboury Ali.Akbar 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe interaction of human serum albumin (HSA) with 1,10‐phenanthroline‐ethyldithiocarbamatopalladium(II) nitrate complex, [Pd(phen)(Et‐dtc)]NO3, has been studied by using absorption, fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopic measurements. UV‐Vis studies imply that The peptide strands of protein molecules extended more (denatured) upon the addition of Pd(II) complex. This process is spontaneous and exothermic. A fluorescence quenching reaction of Pd(II) complex and HSA was observed and quenching mechanism was suggested as static quenching according to Stern‐Volmer equation. The number of binding sites (n) and apparent association constant (KA) were calculated using fluorescence quenching data. The circular dichroism results revealed the conformational changes in secondary structure of protein upon its interaction with Pd(II) complex. In these interaction studies, several thermodynamic and binding parameters are also determined which may provide deeper insights into structural changes induced by an antitumor Pd(II) complex on the protein as the metal complex side effects.
Highly Sensitive and Selective Amperometric Detection of Periodate at Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with a Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complex and Single‐Wall Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Shamsipur Mojtaba , Roushani Mahmoud , Mansouri Ghobad 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSingle‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were used as an immobilization matrix to incorporate [Ir(ppy)2(phen‐dione)](PF6) complex onto a glassy carbon electrode for the study of electrocatalytic reduction of periodate ion. Detailed preliminary electrochemical data for the Ir(III)‐complex in acetonitrile solution and for the modified GCE/SWCNTs/[Ir(ppy)2(phen‐dione)](PF6)/CGE are presented. The modified electrode was applied to selective amperometric detection of periodate through its electrocatalytic reduction to iodide at 0.200 V and pH 2.0. The use of amperometry resulted in two calibration plots over the concentration ranges of 1‐20 μM and 20‐450 μM, with a detection limit of 0.6 μM and sensitivity of 198 nA μM−1.
DEBATING ENVIRONMENTAL MIGRATION: SOCIETY, NATURE AND POPULATION DISPLACEMENT IN CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: Oliver‐Smith Anthony 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis article approaches the problem of environment and migration through a consideration of convergent themes regarding nature and society in ecological theory and in social scientific disaster research. The paper argues that the articulation between ecological and social theory provides grounding concepts for both framing the issue and research on the problem of actual and potential mass displacement of human populations by environmental change, specifically global climate change. This article asserts that effective policy responses to environmental displacement and migration cannot be developed without an in‐depth understanding of the phenomena of climate change, human‐environment relations, and migration and the linkages among them. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CLIMATE CHANGE, ENVIRONMENTAL DISPLACEMENT AND INTERNATIONAL LAW
Authors: Kolmannskog Vikram 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis paper addresses the rights of environmentally displaced persons. The motivation is the compelling humanitarian imperative to ensure that those displaced have a minimum of rights, and the focus is on interpretations of existing law that the author considers in line with de Sousa Santos' subaltern cosmopolitanism. The paper draws on both scholarly debates and policy and practitioner discourses. To protect and strengthen the rights of environmentally displaced persons, we should fully exploit existing law by applying a dynamic and context‐oriented interpretation of internally displaced person law, refugee law and human rights law. It would be useful to develop a soft law instrument that could provide authoritative guidance in this respect, drawing on the possibilities as well as remedying the limitations of existing law. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MRI of the pancreas: Problem solving tool
Authors: Heyn Chris , Sue‐Chue‐Lam Derek , Jhaveri Kartik , Haider Masoom A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAdvances in MR hardware and pulse sequence design over the years have improved the quality and robustness of MR imaging of the pancreas. Today, MRI is an indispensible tool for studying the pancreas and can provide useful information not attainable with other noninvasive or minimally invasive imaging techniques. In the present review, specific cases are reviewed where the strengths of MRI demonstrate the utility of this imaging modality as a problem solving tool. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:1037–1051. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MRI contrast agents: Basic chemistry and safety
Authors: Hao Dapeng , Ai Tao , Goerner Frank , Hu Xuemei , Runge Val M. , Tweedle Michael 
Published: October 2012

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents are pharmaceuticals used widely in MRI examinations. Gadolinium‐based MRI contrast agents (GBCAs) are by far the most commonly used. To date, nine GBCAs have been commercialized for clinical use, primarily indicated in the central nervous system, vasculature, and whole body. GBCAs primarily lower the T1 in vivo to create higher signal in T1‐weighted MRI scans where GBCAs are concentrated. GBCAs are unique among pharmaceuticals, being water proton relaxation catalysts whose effectiveness is characterized by a rate constant known as relaxivity. The relaxivity of each GBCAs depends on a variety of factors that are discussed in terms of both the existing agents and future molecular imaging agents under study by current researchers. Current GBCAs can be divided into four different structural types (macrocyclic, linear, ionic, and nonionic) based on the chemistry of the chelating ligands whose primary purpose is to protect the body from dissociation of the relatively toxic Gd3+ ion from the ligand. This article discusses how the chemical structure influences inherent and in vivo stability toward dissociation, and how it affects important formulation properties. Although GBCAs have a lower rate of serious adverse events than iodinated contrast agents, they still present some risk. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:1060–1071. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Polyomavirus JC infection inhibits differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells
Authors: Darbinyan Armine , Kaminski Rafal , White Martyn K. , Darbinian‐Sarkissian Nune , Khalili Kamel 
Published: October 2012

AbstractReactivation of the human polyomavirus JC (JCV) in the CNS results in a fatal demyelinating disease, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). The lytic destruction of oligodendrocytes, which occurs at the terminal stage of the viral infection cycle, is considered a critical factor in the development of demyelination and the pathogenesis of PML. However, knowledge is limited about interaction of JCV with oligodendrocytes and its impact on the denudation of axons at the early stage of viral reactivation and prior to the destruction of the infected cells. We have developed an in vitro neuroprogenitor cell culture using human fetal brain that can be differentiated to the oligodendrocyte lineage to investigate interactions of JCV with its host cells. Results show that infection with JCV delays oligodendrocyte maturation as shown by reduced levels of oligodendrocytic markers, including myelin basic protein, proteolipid protein, and platelet‐derived growth factor receptor‐α. Furthermore, replication of JCV in these cells caused substantial dysregulation of several chemokines, including CCL5/RANTES, GRO, CXCL1/GROα, CXCL16, CXCL8/IL‐8, CXCL5/ENA‐78, and CXCL10/IP‐10, all of which play a role in cell growth and differentiation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Expression of survivin and livin predicts early recurrence in non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Xi Ren Chong , Sheng Yin Rui , Chen Wang Hong , Sheng Li , Gang Ji Jing , Tong Zhou , Shan Zhang , Ying Guo Hong , Dong Liu Chun 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundSurvivin and livin are novel members of the inhibitor of apoptosis gene family (IAP) that controls mitotic progression and induces tumor cell invasion. This study aims to evaluate the association of both expression with clinical outcomes and risk of recurrence in patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer (NIMBC).Patients and methodsWe investigated the expression of survivin and livin in 72 NMIBC samples using immunohistochemical staining (Envision Method). Survivin and livin were considered high‐expressed when more than 10% of the cells expressed. The archival bladder tissue specimens from 11 normal controls were examined and studied. All patients with a follow‐up of at most 5 years following initial transurethral resection (TUR) were included in the study. The association of both expression with established clinicopathologic factors and recurrence free survival (RFS) was analyzed using log‐rank test and Cox regression analysis.ResutsNeither survivin nor livin was expressed in normal bladder urothelium. Survivin and livin were high‐expressed in 84.7 and 75.0% of NIMBC. And in cases of recurrence, the high‐expression (H‐exp.) rates were 98.3 and 91.7% (P < 0.01), respectively. The recurrence of NIMBC was significantly associated with high expression of survivin and livin (P < 0.01, P < 0.01), and G‐3 tumors had a significantly greater proportion of high survivin expression than G‐1 or/and G‐2 tumors (P = 0.01); however, no association was found between expression of both and age, gender, pathology stage, or adjuvant therapy. High expression of survivin (RR:9.818, 95% CI: 1.109–86.911, P = 0.040) and livin (RR: 4.199; 95% CI: 1.018–17.321; P = 0.047) was significantly powerful prognostic factors in Cox regression analysis for RFS.ConclusionsExpression of survivin and livin may influence the prognosis of NIMBC. This finding opens new perspectives for Survivin and livin prediction of early recurrence in NIMBC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:550–554. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Advanced gastric cancer patients with lymphoid stroma have better survival than those without
Authors: Huang Kuo‐Hung , Wang Ruei‐Fang , Yang Muh‐Hwa , Wu Chew‐Wun , Fang Wen‐Liang , Li Anna Fen‐Yau , Chi Chin‐Wen , Kao Hwa‐Li 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundLymphoid stroma is a specific pathologic appearance in gastric cancer. This study aims to compare the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer patients with and without lymphoid stroma.MethodsFrom January 1988 to February 2009, 222 out of 1,959 patients with lymphoid stroma of gastric cancer received gastrectomy at the Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital. Clinicopathological characteristics and survival rates were analyzed and compared among the gastric cancer patients with and without lymphoid stroma. For patients with lymphoid stroma, CD20 expression of B lymphocytes and CD3 expression of T lymphocytes were examined using immunohistochemical stains.ResultsAdvanced gastric cancer patients with lymphoid stroma had better 5‐year survival status than those without lymphoid stroma (44.5% vs. 20.5%, P < 0.001). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that male gender (P = 0.034), tumor invasion depth (P = 0.001), pathological staging (P = 0.006), and Ming's histological classification (P = 0.041) were significantly correlated with patients with lymphoid stroma. B lymphocytes appeared more in Borrmann type III and IV, diffuse Lauren's histological type, and lymph nodes metastases.ConclusionAdvanced gastric cancer patients with lymphoid stroma had better prognosis than those without lymphoid stroma. B lymphocytes appeared more in aggressive gastric cancer tissues with lymphoid stroma. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:523–528. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.