bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and perceptions of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in four ethnic groups in Copenhagen, Denmark
Authors: Nielsen T. Rune , Waldemar Gunhild 
Published: June 2015

ObjectiveOlder people from ethnic minorities are underrepresented in dementia care. Some of the determinants of access to care are knowledge and perceptions of dementia, which may vary between ethnic groups in the population. The aims of this study were to compare knowledge and perceptions of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) among four ethnic groups in Copenhagen, Denmark, and to assess the influence of education and acculturation.MethodsQuantitative survey data from 260 participants were analyzed: 100 native Danish, and 47 Polish, 51 Turkish, and 62 Pakistani immigrants. Knowledge and perceptions of dementia and AD were assessed with the Dementia Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ) supplemented with two questions from the Alzheimer's Disease Awareness Test (ADAT). Knowledge and perceptions of dementia and AD in the four groups were compared, and the influence of education and acculturation was assessed.ResultsGroup differences were found on the DKQ total score as well as all sub‐domains. Turkish and Pakistani people were most likely to hold normalizing and stigmatizing views of AD. Level of education and acculturation had limited influence on dementia knowledge, accounting for 22% of the variance at most and had only minor influence on perceptions of AD.ConclusionsLacking knowledge and certain perceptions of dementia and AD may hamper access to services in some ethnic minority groups. Ongoing efforts to raise awareness that dementia and AD are not part of normal aging, particularly among Turkish and Pakistani communities, should be a high priority for educational outreach. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Accurate cortical tissue classification on MRI by modeling cortical folding patterns
Authors: Kim Hosung , Caldairou Benoit , Hwang Ji‐Wook , Mansi Tommaso , Hong Seok‐Jun , Bernasconi Neda , Bernasconi Andrea 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAccurate tissue classification is a crucial prerequisite to MRI morphometry. Automated methods based on intensity histograms constructed from the entire volume are challenged by regional intensity variations due to local radiofrequency artifacts as well as disparities in tissue composition, laminar architecture and folding patterns. Current work proposes a novel anatomy‐driven method in which parcels conforming cortical folding were regionally extracted from the brain. Each parcel is subsequently classified using nonparametric mean shift clustering. Evaluation was carried out on manually labeled images from two datasets acquired at 3.0 Tesla (n = 15) and 1.5 Tesla (n = 20). In both datasets, we observed high tissue classification accuracy of the proposed method (Dice index >97.6% at 3.0 Tesla, and >89.2% at 1.5 Tesla). Moreover, our method consistently outperformed state‐of‐the‐art classification routines available in SPM8 and FSL‐FAST, as well as a recently proposed local classifier that partitions the brain into cubes. Contour‐based analyses localized more accurate white matter–gray matter (GM) interface classification of the proposed framework compared to the other algorithms, particularly in central and occipital cortices that generally display bright GM due to their highly degree of myelination. Excellent accuracy was maintained, even in the absence of correction for intensity inhomogeneity. The presented anatomy‐driven local classification algorithm may significantly improve cortical boundary definition, with possible benefits for morphometric inference and biomarker discovery. Hum Brain Mapp 36:3563–3574, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dopaminergic correlates of metabolic network activity in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Holtbernd Florian , Ma Yilong , Peng Shichun , Schwartz Frank , Timmermann Lars , Kracht Lutz , Fink Gereon R. , Tang Chris C. , Eidelberg David , Eggers Carsten 
Published: June 2015

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is associated with distinct metabolic covariance patterns that relate to the motor and cognitive manifestations of the disorder. It is not known, however, how the expression of these patterns relates to measurements of nigrostriatal dopaminergic activity from the same individuals. To explore these associations, we studied 106 PD subjects who underwent cerebral PET with both 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and 18F‐fluoro‐L‐dopa (FDOPA). Expression values for the PD motor‐ and cognition‐related metabolic patterns (PDRP and PDCP, respectively) were computed for each subject; these measures were correlated with FDOPA uptake on a voxel‐by‐voxel basis. To explore the relationship between dopaminergic function and local metabolic activity, caudate and putamen FDOPA PET signal was correlated voxel‐wise with FDG uptake over the entire brain. PDRP expression correlated with FDOPA uptake in caudate and putamen (P < 0.001), while PDCP expression correlated with uptake in the anterior striatum (P < 0.001). While statistically significant, the correlations were only of modest size, accounting for less than 20% of the overall variation in these measures. After controlling for PDCP expression, PDRP correlations were significant only in the posterior putamen. Of note, voxel‐wise correlations between caudate/putamen FDOPA uptake and whole‐brain FDG uptake were significant almost exclusively in PDRP regions. Overall, the data indicate that PDRP and PDCP expression correlates significantly with PET indices of presynaptic dopaminergic functioning obtained in the same individuals. Even so, the modest size of these correlations suggests that in PD patients, individual differences in network activity cannot be explained solely by nigrostriatal dopamine loss. Hum Brain Mapp 36:3575–3585, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Health care–associated infections in patients with head and neck cancer treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy
Authors: Mirabile Aurora , Vismara Chiara , Crippa Fulvio , Bossi Paolo , Locati Laura , Bergamini Cristiana , Granata Roberta , Resteghini Carlo , Conte Eutilia , Morelli Daniele , Scarpellini Paolo , Licitra Lisa 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe incidence of health care–associated infections in patients with head and neck cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy (RT) is unknown. This retrospective study investigated the most common pathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity/resistance patterns in patients with head and neck cancer.MethodsInfection rates in patients with head and neck cancer were analyzed over 2 periods (January 2005 to December 2009 and January 2010 to November 2012).ResultsIn the first period, 140 health care‐associated infections were observed among 2288 admissions, mostly because of gram‐negative pathogens affecting the respiratory tract. In the second period, 212 health care‐associated infections were observed. An increase in antibiotic resistance was reported. Health care‐associated infections were more frequent with: male sex, age <65 years, important comorbidities, smoking, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), prophylaxis, and/or central venous catheter (CVC), locally advanced disease, and chemotherapy/RT, especially after the third week of treatment.ConclusionHealth care‐associated infections increased over time, with corresponding increases in gram‐negative pathogens and resistant strains. Prevention and treatment protocols should be implemented in institutions treating patients with head and neck cancer. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1009–E1013, 2016
BTK mutations selectively regulate BTK expression and upregulate monocyte XBP1 mRNA in XLA patients
Authors: Teocchi Marcelo A. , Domingues Ramalho Vanessa , Abramczuk Beatriz M. , D'Souza‐Li Lília , Santos Vilela Maria Marluce 
Published: June 2015

AbstractMutations in the Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase (BTK) gene are responsible for X‐linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA). Unfolded or misfolded proteins can trigger stress pathways in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), known as unfolded protein response (UPR). The aim was to clarify the involvement of UPR in XLA pathophysiology. By reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR, we evaluated the expression of BTK and 12 UPR‐related genes in eight patients. Moreover, we assessed the BTK protein expression and pattern in the patients' monocytes by flow cytometry and fluorescence immunocytochemistry. We found a reduced BTK expression in patients with stop codon mutations (P < 0.02). However, missense mutations did not affect BTK expression. Flow cytometry showed a reduction of BTK in patients which was corroborated by an absent or nonfunctional protein synthesis revealed by immunocytochemistry. In contrast with the other UPR‐related genes, X‐box binding protein 1 (XBP1) was markedly upregulated in the patients (P < 0.01), suggesting Toll‐like receptor (TLR) activation since BTK directly interacts with TLRs as a negative regulator and XBP1 can be activated in direct response to TLR ligation. Different BTK mutations can be identified by the BTK expression. Inasmuch as UPR‐related genes were downregulated or unaltered in patients, we speculate the involvement of the TLRs‐XBP1 axis in the XLA pathophysiology. Such data could be the basis for further studies of this novel pathomechanism concerning XLA.
Daily House Price Indices: Construction, Modeling, and Longer‐run Predictions
Authors: Bollerslev Tim , Patton Andrew J. , Wang Wenjing 
Published: June 2015

SummaryWe construct daily house price indices for 10 major US metropolitan areas. Our calculations are based on a comprehensive database of several million residential property transactions and a standard repeat‐sales method that closely mimics the methodology of the popular monthly Case–Shiller house price indices. Our new daily house price indices exhibit dynamic features similar to those of other daily asset prices, with mild autocorrelation and strong conditional heteroskedasticity of the corresponding daily returns. A relatively simple multivariate time series model for the daily house price index returns, explicitly allowing for commonalities across cities and GARCH effects, produces forecasts of longer‐run monthly house price changes that are superior to various alternative forecast procedures based on lower‐frequency data. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Polarographic Study of Dipicrylamine. I. The Polarographic Behavior of Dipicrylaminate
Authors: Pan Kuan , Lin Zui‐Feng 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA polarographic study of dipicrylamine in a series of buffer solutions was carried out. In order to estimate the acidity of the free amine, the apparent ionization constant of dipicrylamine was evaluated from the results of potentiometric titrations of sodium dipicrylaminate with hydrochloric acid at 25°C. The effect of pH values and concentrations of solutions on the half‐wave potentials were observed.
Physico‐Chemical Studies on the Electrolytic Behavior of Thorium Complexes. I. Conductometric Measurements of the Thorium‐Dicarboxylate Systems in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Pan Kuan , Cheng Hwa Sheng 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThorium nitrate was conductometrically titrated with malonic, succinic, adipic acids in aqueous solutions and azeleic and sebacic acids in alcoholic solutions, respectively. The composition and electrolytic behavior of thorium‐malonate system were investigated by conductometric and pH measurements. The formation of Th(CH2(COO)2)2 was observed in the conductometric titrations of thorium nitrate with sodium and ammonium malonates, while that of the complex ion, (Th(OOC.CH2.‐COO)4)−4, in the reverse titrations. The approximate solubility product constant of the former is estimated from the results of pH measurements.
Studies on Saccharides of Marine Algae. I. Identification of Floridoside and a DL‐Galactan in a Red Alga, Porphyra Crispata, Kiellm
Authors: Su Jong‐Ching 
Published: June 2015

AbstractExistence of floridoside (α‐D‐galactosylglycerol) in a purified 80% alcohol extract of Porphyra crispata was confirmed. From the hot water extract of the residue of alcohol extraction, polysaccharide was precipitated with alkali and alcohol. The polysaccharide was found to be consisted chiefly of DL‐galactose and an unidentified ketose.
Differential Thermal Analysis and X‐Ray Analysis of Certain Clay Minerals of Taiwan Soils
Authors: Chen Tsen‐Tuo 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBy means of chemical analysis, differential thermal analysis and X‐ray analysis, the clay minerals of the colloids of the three important agricultural soils of Taiwan: the yellowish red latosol, the alluvial soil developed from sandstone and the alluvial soil from slate, have been investigated.It was observed that the colloid of the yellowish red latosol consisted primarily of the kaolinite group clay mineral and that of clays from the alluvial soils was mainly illite group clay mineral.
Kinetics of the Oxidation of Hypophosphorous Acid by Chromate
Authors: Pan Kuan , Lin Sheng‐Hsien 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe reduction of dichromate ion by hypoposphorous acid in sulfuric acid solution has been found to be of the second order with respect to HCrO4− and of the first order with respect to the total concentration of H3PO2.The existence of the active form of hypophosphorous acid and the intermediate state of HCr2O6− ion was presumed. From the mesurable rate of reaction, the reaction mechanism was proposed as follows:magnified imagewhere HCr2O6− was rapidly reduced to Cr[III].The average value of k1 k3/k2 was estimated as 466 at 25°C.
Cathodic Action of the Uranium Chelate Compounds at the Dropping Mercury Electrode I. Uranyl‐Succinate Complex
Authors: Lai Tsai‐Teh , Chang Teh‐Liang 
Published: June 2015

AbstractComplex formation between uranium (VI) and succinic acid has been studied polarographically.The discussion concerning the first wave of the chelate in pH range 20 to 6.5 was given in detail.The difference of ligands between U (VI) and U (V) was found to be two, and the electrode reactions at 2.0<pH<5.2 and 5.2<pH<6.5 were considered as,magnified imageand respectively. The dissociation constants at 30°C were calculated as,magnified imageA linear relation was found to exist between the diffusion current and uranyl ion concentration in a range between 2×10−4 M to 3×10−3 M.
The Effect of the Types of Salt Bridge on the pH Measurements of a Colloidal System—The Soil
Authors: Kun‐Huang Houng , Tsen‐Tuo Chen 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe measurements of the pH of a colloidal system—soil suspension—by glass and calomel electrode assembly using different types of salt bridges showed that the pH readings were not the same if the salt bridges were connected to the soil sediments, indicating the potentials developed at the liquid junction were not of the same magnitude. Therefore, this should not be neglected when the salt bridge is connected to a colloidal suspension.The side tube type salt bridge developed in this study has been found most satisfactory for connecting the electrode with the soil sediment, because it provides a larger sharp contact surface without possible contamination of the soil sediment by saturated KCl solution from the salt bridge.
Studies of Benzofurans as Potential Antimicrobial Agents. II. Synthesis of β‐(2‐Benzofuryl)‐Acrylic Acid and its Derivatives
Authors: Pan Foo , Wang T.C. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractFor antimicrobial study, β‐(2‐benzofuryl)acrylic acid has been synthesized in eighty per cent yield by the Knoevenagel reaction. Also prepared were its fifteen derivatives. In a preliminary antifungal test, the free acid exhibited a marked activity, while its functional derivatives were either less active or completely inactive under similar experimental conditions. The detailed results of the antifungal and antibacterial studies will be reported later.
Polarographic Studies on Dioxo‐Complexes of Germanium. II. The Ge(IV)‐Gallein System
Authors: Pan Kuan , Lin Zui‐Feng , Sun Peng‐Joung 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe complex formation between germanium and gallein (Pyrogallolphthalein) was polarographically studied in acetic acid‐acetate buffers at various pH's. The mole ratio of germanium to gallein was estimated as 1:2. The apparent instability constant of the complex was computed as (6.5 ± 0.2) ×10−2 at pH 5.0 and (1.05 × 0.05) ×10−2 at pH 6.0, respectively, while that corrected for pH effect was evaluated as (4.3±0.1) ×10−16 at 25°C.
Note on the Evaluation of the ϵ′ Folding Energy by Stress‐Temperature Measurements
Authors: Shen Mitchel C. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA further refinement in the evaluation of ϵ′ folding energy 13 presented. It is found that a correction term R3TT2/(a3—1) should be included into a previously derived equation, if ϵ′ is determined by stress‐temperature measurements at constant pressure and constant extended length. The results confirms quantitatively our previous estimation that when relative extension ratio is greater than 1.5, the correction term is negligible.
Characteristics of Bis [2‐Ethylhexyl] Orthophosphoric Acid Chromatographic Columns for Rare‐Earth Separation
Authors: Cheng Hwa‐Sheng , Ke Chiung‐Huei , Lin Ching‐Yü , Winchester John W. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSeparation factors for La, Ce, and Pr have been measured precisely on columns of bis [2‐ethylhexyl] orthophosphoric acid (DEP) supported on diatomaceous silica made hydrophobic with dimethyldichlorosilane. Column behavior is related to the properties of DEP when used as a solvent extractant, and the column method is a useful one for studying a solvent extraction system with great precision and reproducibility. Separation factors measured are Ce/La = 2.8 ± 0.1 and Pr/Ce = 2.7 ± 0.1. The dependence of elution volume on HCl activity is found to be approximately 2.5 power in the range 0.2–0.3 M HCl.
A Radiochemical Method for the Microdetermination of Tannins
Authors: Ma T.S. , Yang Miss Mei‐Hui 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA simple and rapid procedure is presented for the determination of 1–10 mg of tannins. It is based on the precipitation of the tannin‐uranium complex and the measurement of the radioactivity of the precipitate. This micromethod is shown to be superior to procedures depending on gravimetry, titrimetry, colorimetry, or spectrophotometry.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study on Hydrogen Bonding of Butyl Alcohols
Authors: Chen Chin‐Chun , Lin Wei‐Chuwan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance of hydroxyl proton of four butyl alcohols have been measured as a function of alcohol concentration in carbon tetrachloride solvent. Assuming equilibria among monomer, open‐dimer and cyclic dimer for alcohol association, the chemical shifts of the hydroxyl proton both at the bonded state and at the non‐bonded state and also the equilibrium constants were determined from the observation at a moderate dilution. The results were tabulated in Table 1 and shown in Fig. 1.
Osmotic and Activity Coefficients of Copper(II) Chloride and Cadmium Chloride from Freezing Point Measurements
Authors: Huang Jan‐Tsyu , Pan Kuan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractOsmotic coefficients and activity coefficients of copper(II) chloride and cadmium chloride in aqueous solutions were evaluated from freezing point depression in dilute solutions of concentration range below 0.1 molal. The association constants for the ion‐pairs, CuCl+ and CdCl+ were calculated as 2.3±0.3 and 74±5, respectively.
Characterization and Separation of C6‐C1 Phenolic Compounds I. 2,4‐Dinitrophenylhydrazones of Phenolic Aldehydes
Authors: Yang Chao‐Hwa , Chow Jainn 
Published: June 2015

Abstract2,4‐Dinitrophenydrazones of benzaldehyde, salicyladehyde, m‐hydroxybenzaldehyde, p‐hydroxybenzaldehyde, p‐anisaldehyde, protocatechuic aldehyde, vanillin, isovanillin, o‐vanillin, heliotropin (or piperonal), syringaldehyde, and gallaldehyde trimethyl ether were prepared. Ultoaviolet and infrared absorption spectra of these hydrazones were compared from a viewpoint of variation in their hydroxylation patterns. An attempt to separate these compounds by means of Silica‐gel thin layer chromatography is also described.
A Preliminary Report on the Crystal Structure of Bis‐Cyclopentadienyl Beryllium
Authors: Wong Chi‐Hsiang , Chao Kuei‐Jung , Chih Chung , Lee Tseng‐Yu 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe crystal structure of bis‐cyclopentadienyl beryllium has been investigated by analysis of three‐dimensional X‐ray diffraction data both at room temperature (RT) and at 120°C(LT). For data collection, Cu K∞ radiation and equal‐inclination, multiple‐film Weissenberg technique were used. Data collected were 0–3 along a, and 0–3 along b for RT, and 0–2 along a and 0–2 along b for LT.Crystal data obtained are:magnified image
The Absorption Spectrum of 3B2u‐1Ag Transition of Crystalline Anthracene
Authors: Ting Chen‐Hanson 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe absorption spectrum of 3B2u‐1Ag transition of anthracene is observed in pure crystal at low temperature. The oscillator strength, polarization, and Davydov plittings of this transition are accurately measured. The significance of these data and their relationship with the radiative and radiationless properties of this molecule are discussed.
Force Constant Calculation in Mass‐Weighted Cartesian Coordinates. Linear XYX and XYZ Type Molecules
Authors: Mou Chung‐Yuan , Chen Tunli 
Published: June 2015

AbstractForce constants of simple linear XYX and XYZ types of molecules have been calculated in using the method of mass‐weighted cartesian coordinates. Relations and results between force constants in mass‐weighted cartesian coordinates and in internal coordinates were also discussed.
Preparation and Property of Some Azidosilanes
Authors: Liu Sheng‐Lieh , Chen Cheng‐Yu , Shen Chung‐Li 
Published: June 2015

AbstractFive organoazidosilanes have been synthesized by treating organo‐chlorosilanes with sodium azide in tetrahydrofuran. Structure of these compounds have been proved and some physical properties have also been observed.
Thermodynamic Properties Associated with Mercury‐Mercurous Electrode
Authors: Pan Kuan , Chang Jin‐Jyi , Hsin Shu‐Ching 
Published: June 2015

AbstractE. m. f.'s of the cell, H2(g,p atm)/HClO4(m1), NaClO4(m2)/HClO4(m1), Hg2(ClO4)2 (m3)/Hg were measured at 20°, 25°, 30° and 35°C. The E° value is expressed as E° = 0.8915–5.14×10−4T+5.70×16−7T2. The free energy for the reaction, Hg2(aq)+H2(g)=2Hg(l)+2H+(aq) is given by ΔF°= −41,119+23.70T‐26.3×10−2T2. The thermodynamic quantities, ΔF° = −36,389, ΔH° = −38,782 cal mole−1 and ΔS° = −8.03 cal deg−1 mole−1 are given for the reaction, and ΔFlo=36.39, ΔHfo=39.78 Kcal mole−1 and S° = 13.82 cal deg−1 mole−1 are given for the formation of Hg2+2 ion at 25°C.
Studies on Carboxylato Complexes of Tricyclopentadienyl Cerium (IV) Chloride and Bisindenyl Cerium (IV) Dichloride
Authors: Kalsotra B. L. , Multani R. K. , Jain B. D. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractTricyclopentadienyl Cerium (IV) chloride and bisindenyl cerium (IV) dichloride have been treated with sodium salts of the appropriate carboxylic acids in benzene or tetrahydrofuran medium to give (C5H3)3 Ce(R) and (C9H7)2Ce(R)2 wherein R is HCOO, CH3COO, C2H5COO, C3H7COO and C6H5COO. The infrared spectra, thermal stabilities and other characteristics of the above compounds have been studied and reported.
Synthesis of 4‐Phenyl and 4′‐Phenyl Chalcones
Authors: Hsu K.K. , Wu T.S. , Ski J. Y. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn order to study the relationship between structure and activity of chalcones, several now 4‐phenyl and 4′‐phenyl chalcones are synthesized by condensation of p‐phenylbenzaldehyde with, various acetophenones and of p‐phenylacetophenone with various aldehydes, respectively, in ethanol under the presence of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide as catalyst.