bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reporting of Randomized Controlled Trials in Cleft Lip and Palate: A 10-Year Review
Authors: Hardwicke Joseph , Nassimizadeh Mohammad , Richard Bruce 
Published: June 2015

Objectives Reviews of the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have recently been conducted in different surgical specialties. In this review of RCTs relating to cleft lip, cleft palate, and cleft lip and palate (CL/P), we investigate the quality of reporting against the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist. Design A systematic review of CL/P RCTs published from 2004 to 2013, with the included articles scored against the CONSORT checklist. Patients, Participants The literature search identified 174 articles. Studies were selected for participants with CL/P who were involved in an RCT with prospective data collection and reported in a full journal article. A total of 6352 participants were included from 65 CUP RCTs during the study period. Main Outcome Measures The methodological quality of RCTs was assessed using the CONSORT checklist and Jadad scale. Results The mean CONSORT score was 15.8, and the mean Jadad score was 3.3. There was a significant positive correlation between the CONSORT and Jadad score ( P < .0001, ρ = .47). The only significant correlation showed that with an increasing number of authors, both the CONSORT and the Jadad score increased. Conclusion This analysis has shown that that there are deficiencies in the transparent reporting of factors such as randomization implementation, blinding, and participant flow. Interventions, outcomes, and the interpretation of results are well presented. We would recommend that RCTs are conceived and undertaken using the CONSORT checklist and reported in a clear and reproducible manner.
Real-Life Use and Effectiveness of Adjuvant Trastuzumab in Early Breast Cancer Patients: A Study of the Southeast Netherlands Breast Cancer Consortium
Authors: Seferina Shanly C. , Lobbezoo Dorien J.A. , de Boer Maaike , Dercksen M. Wouter , van den Berkmortel Franchette , van Kampen Roel J.W. , van de Wouw Agnès J. , de Vries Bart , Joore Manuela A. , Peer Petronella G.M. , Voogd Adri C. , Tjan-Heijnen Vivianne C.G. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background.
The impact of drug prescriptions in real life as opposed to strict clinical trial prescription is only rarely assessed, although it is well recognized that incorrect use may harm patients and may have a significant impact on health care resources. We investigated the use and effectiveness of adjuvant trastuzumab in daily practice compared with the effectiveness in clinical trials.

Methods.
We included all patients with stage I–III invasive breast cancer, irrespective of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status, diagnosed in five hospitals in the southeast of The Netherlands in 2005–2007. We aimed to assess the actual use of adjuvant trastuzumab in early HER2-positive breast and its efficacy in daily practice.

Results.
Of 2,684 patients included, 476 (17.7%) had a HER2-positive tumor. Of these, 251 (52.7%) patients had an indication for trastuzumab treatment of which 196 (78.1%) patients actually received it. Of the 225 patients without an indication, 34 (15.1%) received trastuzumab. Five-year disease-free survival was 80.7% for (n = 230) patients treated with versus 68.2% for (n = 246) patients not treated with trastuzumab (p = .0023), and 5-year overall survival rates were 90.7% and 77.4%, respectively (p = .0002). The hazard ratio for disease recurrence was 0.63 (95% confidence interval, 0.37–1.06) for trastuzumab when adjusting for potential confounders.

Conclusion.
This study shows that in real life, patients treated with trastuzumab in early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer had a 5-year disease-free and overall survival comparable to prior randomized trials. For informative decision making, real-life data are of additional value, providing insight on outcome of patients considered ineligible for treatment.
Sou um felizardo: sou órfão
Authors: Aleichem Scholem 
Published: June 2015

Desde que cheguei ao meu juízo, não me lembro de nenhum momento em que eu me tenha sentido tão importante quanto agora. Por que toda essa minha importância? É que meu pai, Peissi, o hazan, morreu no primeiro dia de Schavuot, e eu fiquei órfão. No primeiro dia depois de Pentecostes, começamos a rezar o cadisch, eu e meu irmão Elihu. Foi ele quem me ensinou a dizer a oração pelos mortos.
Tradução: Jacó Guinsburg
Kivke, o ladrão
Authors: Opatoschu Iossef 
Published: June 2015

Kivke, o ladrão, se estendera entre as pedras e a vegetação selvagem, para lá do parque, onde outrora existia uma igreja, da qual agora só restavam vestígios dos alicerces de tijolo. A seu lado, o paletó e sobre o paletó um boné de pano azul e pala de couro. Kivke aquecia-­se, a camisa aberta ao peito. Gozava o sol de setembro que não chegava a queimar, a imensidão azul na qual pairavam os eflúvios outonais, ouvindo o soar das folhas secas e o remoto grasnar dos gansos selvagens.
Tradução: Jacó Guinsburg,
Synchronous breast cancer and ipsilateral primary tuberculous lymphadenitis in axillary node
Authors: Maharia Sitaram , Kapoor Akhil , Narayan Satya , Nirban Raj Kumar , Kumar Vanita , Kumar Harvindra Singh 
Published: June 2015

<p class="abstract">Tuberculous lymphadenitis is the commonest form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis with special affinity for cervical, mediastinal, and axillary lymph-nodes. Whilst both carcinoma of the breast and tuberculosis are common in countries with limited resources, the synchronous presence of breast cancer and ipsilateral tuberculous lymphadenitis, can lead to the overstaging of nodes leading to loss of opportunity for breast conservation. We present a case report in which a young woman presented with breast lump along with axillary nodes. However, after surgical resection, it was found that axillary nodal involvement was solely by tuberculosis. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Keywords: </strong>Tuberculous lymphadenitis, Carcinoma breast, Overstaging, Axillary node</p>
Cartap poisoning: an unusual poisoning in North India
Authors: Gupta Monica , Handa Dipti , Chaturvedi Amit , Singh Ram , Lehl S. S. 
Published: June 2015

<p class="abstract">Cartap hydrochloride, an analogue of nereistoxin, belongs to a relatively new class of insecticidal chemistry, and its poisoning is uncommon in India. We describe a 50-year-old farmer who presented to emergency department in altered sensorium and alleged history of accidental inhalation of cartap hydrochloride while working in the fields. The patient improved with conservative management with BAL (British anti-lewisite) without any residual complications. As per the current medical literature; this is probably the first case report of cartap inhalational accidental poisoning. </p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Cartap hydrochloride, Pesticide, Inhalational poisoning
Targeting Antigen to Clec9A Primes Follicular Th Cell Memory Responses Capable of Robust Recall
Authors: Kato Yu , Zaid Ali , Davey Gayle M. , Mueller Scott N. , Nutt Stephen L. , Zotos Dimitra , Tarlinton David M. , Shortman Ken , Lahoud Mireille H. , Heath William R. , Caminschi Irina 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Targeting Ags to dendritic cell (DC) surface receptors can induce a variety of responses depending on the DC type targeted, the receptor targeted, and the adjuvant used. Clec9A (DNGR-1), which is expressed by CD8+ DCs, has been shown to bind F-actin exposed on damaged cells. Targeting Ag to this receptor in mice and nonhuman primates induces strong humoral immunity even in the absence of adjuvant, a process seen for a few select DC receptors. In contrast with other receptors, however, targeting Clec9A induces long-lived, affinity-matured Ab responses that are associated with efficient CD4+ T cell responses shown to possess properties of follicular Th cells (TFH). In this article, we provide definitive evidence that Clec9A targeting promotes the development of TFH by showing that responding CD4 T cells express CXCR5, PD1, the TFH transcription factor Bcl6, and the cytokine IL-21, and that these cells localize to germinal centers. Furthermore, we extend studies from the model Ag OVA to the viral Ag glycoprotein D of HSV-1 and examine the capacity of primed TFH to form functional memory. We show that targeting glycoprotein D to Clec9A even in the absence of adjuvant induced long-lived memory CXCR5+ PD1hi CD4+ T cells that proliferated extensively upon secondary challenge and rapidly developed into effector TFH. This was associated with enhanced germinal center B cell responses and accelerated Ab production. Our study indicates that targeting Ags to Clec9A in the absence of adjuvant routinely generates TFH responses that form long-lived memory capable of robust secondary TFH responses.
Cervical intraepithelial lesions in females attending Women's Health Clinics in Alexandria, Egypt
Authors: Abdel-Hadi Mona , Khalaf Adel , Aboulkassem Hanaa , Naeem Noha , Baqy Mohamed Abdel , Sallam Hassan 
Published: June 2015

Background:Data from Egyptian studies provide widely varying estimates on the prevalence of preinvasive cervical lesions. The aim of this study was to estimate the rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in Egyptian women living in Alexandria to clarify the need for implementing a national organized screening program and a vaccination program in our community.Materials and Methods:The study was conducted over a 6 years period and covered the different socioeconomic levels to have a representative sample for women living in Alexandria. All women included did not have any cervical disorder related complaints. Conventional Pap smears were obtained and diagnosed using the Bethesda system. Women with abnormal Pap smears were managed according to the 2006 consensus guidelines within the available facilities. Persistent abnormal cytological results were referred for colposcopic biopsy. Histological results were grouped into: Reactive changes, CIN 1, CIN 2/CIN 3 and adenocarcinomain-situ(AIS).Results:Out of the 6173 smears included in the study 6072 (98.36%) were normal and only 101 (1.63%) were abnormal. After colposcopic biopsies, 0.08% had CIN 1, 0.03% had CIN 2, 3 and 0.01% had AIS.Conclusion:We concluded that cervical cancer screening programs, although life-saving for a number of women, are not a sufficiently high priority in our community. Money for national health screening programs should preferably be directed more towards recruiting women for breast cancer screening, since breast cancer accounts for about 33% of all female cancers in Egypt ranking number one, while cervical cancer ranks number 13.
Concept of Self in Avant-Pop Literature
Authors: Krevel Mojca 
Published: June 2015

The treatise is an investigation into the construction of character and understanding of subjectivity in general as it appears in the literature of writers associated with the Avant-Pop movement. As a movement, the Avant-Pop emerges at the beginning of the 1990’s – the time of substantial social, cultural and economic changes conditioning deeper changes of basic Geistesgeschichte paradigms marking the rise of a new, postmodern era. This article on the one hand examines the paradigm of subjectivity by discussing examples from Avant-Pop literary production in the light of prevailing theoretical opinions and speculations on postmodernity, and – on the other hand – connects the findings to broader social, cultural and technological aspects of contemporary living.
10 jaar nieuw erfrecht en de positie van het kind
Authors: ter Haar J.H.M. 
Published: June 2015

10 jaar erfrecht en de positie van het kind
Het kind heeft in het nieuwe erfrecht aanzienlijk moeten inschikken ten behoeve van de positie van de langstlevende echtgenoot en de testeervrijheid van ouders. Anders dan onder het oude erfrecht worden kinderen geacht zelf tijdig voor hun rechten op te komen. Men denke hierbij aan het vaststellen van hun vordering in de zin van artikel 4:13 lid 3 BW en het inroepen van de legitieme portie en de som ineens van artikel 4:35 BW. Door gebrekkig kantonrechtelijk toezicht op het bewind van de wettelijke vertegenwoordiger zijn de rechten van minderjarigen in het erfrecht slecht gewaarborgd. De jurisprudentie met betrekking tot artikel 4:35 BW biedt het kind dat de leeftijd van 21 nog niet heeft bereikt hoop. De bescherming die de langstlevende op grond van artikel 4:82 BW geniet is te ver doorgeschoten. Het biologische kind zonder afstammingsband met zijn verwekker heeft zijn situatie het laatste decennium aanzienlijk zien verbeteren. Hij krijgt met terugwerkende kracht dezelfde positie als andere kinderen in de nalatenschap van zijn verwekker.
10 jaar nieuw erfrecht en de executeur-afwikkelingsbewindvoerder
Authors: Maasland J.L.D.J. 
Published: June 2015

10 jaar nieuw erfrecht en de executeur-afwikkelingsbewindvoerder
In deze bijdrage bespreekt de auteur de executeur-afwikkelingsbewindvoerder. Met name aan de orde komt de vraag of erflater de afwikkelingsbewindvoerder de bevoegdheid kan verlenen om zelfstandig over goederen van de nalatenschap te beschikken en een verdeling daarvan tot stand te brengen. Daarbij gaat de auteur ook in op de vorm en wijze van een verdeling door de afwikkelingsbewindvoerder. Ten slotte behandelt de auteur de quasiwettelijke verdeling, de testamentvorm met de executeur-afwikkelingsbewindvoerder als basis.
Littérature et vocalité chez Xenakis ou comment traiter des abîmes
Authors: Darbon Nicolas 
Published: June 2015

Le mythème du Chaos est étudié à travers les oeuvres vocales de Xenakis. Il est représentatif de l’histoire, des préoccupations et de la sensibilité « contemporaines » (de la fin du XXe siècle) : bien que s’inspirant de l’Antiquité grecque, le traitement du texte oscille entre les pôles de l’abstraction pure et de l’expression signifiante. Furieux, tempétueux, le chaos xenakien peut résulter du traumatisme, de la folie, de la guerre, désigner l’état de ce qui n’a pas de forme, la béance, le déluge, la genèse, la perdition, être transition, processus, représenter l’Origine ou la Fin du monde. Ainsi le compositeur a-t-il voulu « traiter des abîmes » par la vocalité soliste ou chorale, remonter à « toute la richesse cosmique, mais chaotiquement ». Cet article ouvre un diptyque dont le second volet s’intitule « La Grande Mère néolithique dans Serment-Orkos » (publié par le Centre Iannis Xenakis, Université de Rouen). Le postulat est le suivant : les sciences dites du « chaos » et de la « complexité » relèvent elles-mêmes d’une anthropologie de l’imaginaire. Par ailleurs, il s’inscrit dans un champ de recherche sur la transdiction (notion explicitée sur le site du CEREdI, Université de Rouen), c’est-à-dire sur le son et la corporéité des transferts musico-littéraires.
Improved particle swarm optimization method directed by indirect surrogate modeling
Authors: Pehlivanoğlu Y. Volkan , Ay Serdar , Gül Faruk 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAn improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed and tested for two different test cases: surface fitting of a wing shape and an inverse design of an airfoil in subsonic flow. The new algorithm emphasizes the use of an indirect design prediction based on a local surrogate modeling as a part of update equations in particle swarm optimization algorithm structure. For all the demonstration problems considered herein, remarkable reductions in the computational times have been accomplished.
A novel framework for discharge uncertainty quantification applied to 500 UK gauging stations
Authors: Coxon G. , Freer J. , Westerberg I. K. , Wagener T. , Woods R. , Smith P. J. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBenchmarking the quality of river discharge data and understanding its information content for hydrological analyses is an important task for hydrologic science. There is a wide variety of techniques to assess discharge uncertainty. However, few studies have developed generalized approaches to quantify discharge uncertainty. This study presents a generalized framework for estimating discharge uncertainty at many gauging stations with different errors in the stage‐discharge relationship. The methodology utilizes a nonparametric LOWESS regression within a novel framework that accounts for uncertainty in the stage‐discharge measurements, scatter in the stage‐discharge data and multisection rating curves. The framework was applied to 500 gauging stations in England and Wales and we evaluated the magnitude of discharge uncertainty at low, mean and high flow points on the rating curve. The framework was shown to be robust, versatile and able to capture place‐specific uncertainties for a number of different examples. Our study revealed a wide range of discharge uncertainties (10–397% discharge uncertainty interval widths), but the majority of the gauging stations (over 80%) had mean and high flow uncertainty intervals of less than 40%. We identified some regional differences in the stage‐discharge relationships, however the results show that local conditions dominated in determining the magnitude of discharge uncertainty at a gauging station. This highlights the importance of estimating discharge uncertainty for each gauging station prior to using those data in hydrological analyses.
Determining the likelihood of pauses and surges in global warming
Authors: Schurer Andrew P. , Hegerl Gabriele C. , Obrochta Stephen P. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe recent warming “hiatus” is subject to intense interest, with proposed causes including natural forcing and internal variability. Here we derive samples of all natural and internal variability from observations and a recent proxy reconstruction to investigate the likelihood that these two sources of variability could produce a hiatus or rapid warming in surface temperature. The likelihood is found to be consistent with that calculated previously for models and exhibits a similar spatial pattern, with an Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation‐like structure, although with more signal in the Atlantic than in model patterns. The number and length of events increases if natural forcing is also considered, particularly in the models. From the reconstruction it can be seen that large eruptions, such as Mount Tambora in 1815, or clusters of eruptions, may result in a hiatus of over 20 years, a finding supported by model results.
Numerical stability analysis of two‐dimensional solute transport along a discrete fracture in a porous rock matrix
Authors: Watanabe Norihiro , Kolditz Olaf 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis work reports numerical stability conditions in two‐dimensional solute transport simulations including discrete fractures surrounded by an impermeable rock matrix. We use an advective‐dispersive problem described in Tang et al. (1981) and examine the stability of the Crank‐Nicolson Galerkin finite element method (CN‐GFEM). The stability conditions are analyzed in terms of the spatial discretization length perpendicular to the fracture, the flow velocity, the diffusion coefficient, the matrix porosity, the fracture aperture, and the fracture longitudinal dispersivity. In addition, we verify applicability of the recently developed finite element method‐flux corrected transport (FEM‐FCT) method by Kuzmin () to suppress oscillations in the hybrid system, with a comparison to the commonly utilized Streamline Upwinding/Petrov‐Galerkin (SUPG) method. Major findings of this study are (1) the mesh von Neumann number (Fo) ≥ 0.373 must be satisfied to avoid undershooting in the matrix, (2) in addition to an upper bound, the Courant number also has a lower bound in the fracture in cases of low dispersivity, and (3) the FEM‐FCT method can effectively suppress the oscillations in both the fracture and the matrix. The results imply that, in cases of low dispersivity, prerefinement of a numerical mesh is not sufficient to avoid the instability in the hybrid system if a problem involves evolutionary flow fields and dynamic material parameters. Applying the FEM‐FCT method to such problems is recommended if negative concentrations cannot be tolerated and computing time is not a strong issue.
One‐Step Selective Hydroxylation of Benzene to Phenol
Authors: Fukuzumi Shunichi , Ohkubo Kei 
Published: June 2015

AbstractRecent developments in the one‐step thermal and photochemical catalytic hydroxylation of benzene to phenol using various oxidants are described, focusing on the catalytic mechanisms. Hydroxylation of benzene with hydrogen peroxide is catalyzed by homogeneous metal complexes and heterogeneous metal oxides to produce phenol when high‐valent metal‐oxo complexes are reactive species The selective hydroxylation of benzene to phenol is achieved by using mesoporous silica‐alumina as the catalyst support, which prohibits further oxidation of phenol due to the strongly acidic sites. Photocatalytic oxidation of benzene with dioxygen and water is made possible by using organic photocatalysts via photoinduced electron transfer from benzene to the excited states of the photocatalysts, followed by the hydroxylation of the benzene radical cation with water to yield phenol selectively. The further oxidation of phenol is prohibited because of the fast back electron transfer from the one‐electron reduced species of the photocatalyst to the phenol radical cation, whereas back electron transfer from the one‐electron reduced species to the benzene radical cation is slowed down because of the large driving force of the back electron transfer, which is in the Marcus inverted region.
Using the electronic medical record to refer women taking category D or X medications for teratogen and contraceptive counseling
Authors: Mody Sheila K. , Wu Jennifer , Ornelas Marla , Kernahan Colleen , Salas Elizabeth , Kao Kelly , Felix Robert , Chambers Christina 
Published: June 2015

BackgroundWomen taking teratogens may not receive teratogen and contraceptive counseling. The objective of this study is to explore the feasibility of an electronic medical record (EMR) alert and referral system to improve teratogen and contraceptive counseling.MethodsWe conducted a descriptive study in an academic outpatient setting to evaluate the feasibility of an EMR alert and referral system. Reproductive age women taking category D or X medications seen in family medicine clinics were referred by means of an EMR alert for teratogen and contraceptive counseling. A subset of these women consented to follow‐up surveys assessing contraceptive usage before counseling, intended contraceptive method after counseling and satisfaction with the counseling. Participants were contacted at 1 and 3 months to assess contraceptive usage.ResultsA total of 354 women were prescribed category D or X medications by clinicians who received the EMR alert, 170 women were referred, 59 women received counseling, and 33 participants enrolled in the study. One participant did not use any contraception. Among the 32 participants using contraception, 12 (37.5%) used oral contraceptives, 11 (34.4%) used condoms, 3 (9.4%) used withdrawal, 3 (9.4%) used intrauterine devices, 2 (6.3%) used contraceptive rings, and 1 (3.1%) used the diaphragm. After counseling, one‐third of participants were considering more effective contraception. Almost all participants strongly agreed or agreed that the counseling was helpful.ConclusionCreating an EMR alert and referral system for women prescribed category X or D medications is feasible. Counseling on teratogen exposure and contraception may improve the acceptability of more effective contraception. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 103:644–647, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.