bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) patterns in macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion
Authors: CHEOUR M , BROUR J , HACHICHA F , LAJMI H , MEHANAOUI D , SAFRA I , MAZLOUT H , KRAIEM A 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To correlate spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) characteristics of macular edema (ME) due to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) with mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA).Methods Fifty patients (50 eyes) having macular edema due to CRVO or BRVO, were retrospectively reviewed Statistical analysis was used to evaluate the relative contribution of several variables, including SD‐OCT characteristics such as baseline central retinal thickness (CRT), central intraretinal cyst size, serous retinal detachment (SRD) size, photoreceptor inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) integrity and external limiting membrane (ELM) status with mean BCVA.Results Thirty three patients had BRVO (66%), 14 patients (28%) had CRVO and 3 patients (6%) had HVO. Mean CRT was 574,52 µm. There was a strong correlation between CRT and visual acuity (CCP=0,41 ; P=0,003). Cystoid macular edema was present in 46 eyes (92%) with central intraretinal cyst in 36 eyes (72%). Mean BCVA was statistically better in eyes without central intraretinal cyst (P=0,015) but there was not a significant difference depending of the cyst size (CCP=0,28 ; P=0,09). SRD occurred in 22 eyes (44%) and mean thickness of SRD was 237µm. Mean BCVA was statistically better in eyes without SRD (P<0,001) but there was not a significant difference depending of the cyst size (CCP=0,27 ; P=0,21). IS/OS line was disrupted in 17 eyes (34%) and absent in 21 eyes (42%). Eyes without IS/OS line showed worse BCVA (P<0,001).Mean BCAV was better when IS/OS line was intact (P<0,001). MLE was intact in 6 eyes (24%) over 25 patients. Mean BCAV was statistically better when MLE was not disrupted (P<0,001).Conclusion SD‐OCT is an important tool in macular edema evaluation. Our results suggest that baseline SD‐OCT characteristics, the status of photoreceptor IS/OS and ELM can be helpful in predicting the final visual outcome in patients with macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion.
AMD Drusenoid deposits characterization: Interest of OCT, OCT en FACE
Authors: GONZALEZ C 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To study AMD drusenoid deposits with OCT en Face and see all the input of this technique and softwareMethods 204 eyes of 102 patients, 32 men, 70 women, with AMD drusenoid deposits (Cuticular drusen, Subretinal drusenoid deposits, soft Drusen, Drusenoid PED,Pseudovitelliform AMD). Deposits were evaluated by OCT, notably OCT en FACE (Spectralis HRA‐OCT, spectral domainOCT). Autofluorescence, IR imaging, ETDRS visual acuity (VA), complete ophthalmic examination with Fundus exam were added. The size, characteristics, number, topography of the lesions, their growth way were evaluated, as well as their environment above and below (particularly IS‐OS, plexiform layer, choriocapillaris structure and thickness). Each element was studied, compared cut to cut, layer to layer and time to time to itself and to each other data, every 4 months.Results VA improved in 85% cases, stabilized in 15%. AF imaging and their region finder analyze were the main elements of the atrophic lesions’ study. The surface of the atrophic area grows by 17%, the edge changes in 20%. Speed growth was in average 1,15mm2/year. At OCT, thickness of photoreceptor, pigment epithelium layer diminished about 25% and 35% at the area’s edge. Choriocapillary depth values, FA and ICG data were mainly significative in the large atrophic areas and less than AF indications. This protocol has a little impact on the evolution of atrophic areas, apparently less than monthly IVT, and the same as AMD by itself.Conclusion The study of atrophic process and its progression is a main question in the AMD follow –up, the evaluation of the protocol treatments and their safety too.
Multispectral retinal image analysis (MRIA) for the assessment of subretinal fibrosis in neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (nAMD)
Authors: CALCAGNI A , STYLES IB , PALMER AD , SHEN Y , BARTLETT H , EPERJESI F , GIBSON JM , CLARIDGE E 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To investigate the use of MRIA for quantitative characterisation of subretinal fibrosis secondary to nAMD.Methods MRIA images of the posterior pole were acquired over 4 months from 20 eyes including those with inactive subretinal fibrosis and those being treated with ranibizumab for nAMD. Changes in morphology of the macula affected by nAMD were modelled and reflectance spectra at the MRIA acquisition wavelengths (507, 525, 552, 585, 596, 611 and 650nm) were computed using Monte Carlo simulation. Quantitative indicators of fibrosis were derived by matching image spectra to the model spectra of known morphological properties.Results The model spectra were comparable to the image spectra, both normal and pathological. The key morphological changes that the model associated with nAMD were gliosis of the IS‐OS junction, decrease in retinal blood and decrease in RPE melanin. However, these changes were not specific to fibrosis and none of the quantitative indicators showed a unique association with the degree of fibrosis. Moderate correlations were found with the clinical assessment, but not with the treatment program.Conclusion MRIA can distinguish subretinal fibrosis from healthy tissue. The methods used show high sensitivity but low specificity, being unable to distinguish scarring from other abnormalities like atrophy. Quantification of scarring was not achieved with the wavelengths used due to the complex structural changes to retinal tissues in the process of nAMD. Further studies, incorporating other wavelengths, will establish whether MRIA has a role in the assessment of subretinal fibrosis in the context of retinal and choroidal pathology.
Intercellular trafficking of Alu RNAs causes geographic atrophy expansion in AMD
Authors: BASTOS CARVALHO A , KERUR N , KIM Y , FOWLER B , GELFAND B , AMBATI J 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) accounts for the bulk of blindness in the elderly in Western societies. The hallmark of advanced atrophic AMD, geographic atrophy (GA), is loss of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells that expands centrifugally over time. We previously identified decreased abundance of the enzyme DICER1 and accumulation of its substrate Alu RNA in RPE cells as a cause of GA (Kaneko et al. Nature, 2011). We hypothesized that disease progression is due to transfer of cytotoxic Alu RNA from dying RPE to neighboring healthy cells by means of bleb/microvesicle RNA trafficking.Methods Human RPE or 661W cells were transfected with DICER AS oligonuclotide. Blebs/exosomes were collected from conditioned media by differential centrifugation. RNA content of the isolated fractions was quantified by qPCR. For live cell imaging, FITC‐Alu RNA transfected hRPE were stained with Fluorescent Cellvue®. Subretinally injected mouse eyes were stained (anti‐ZO1), flatmounted and imaged with confocal microscopy.Results Blebs and microvesicles isolated from DICER1‐deficient RPE cells show increased abundance of Alu RNA. Additionally, exposing healthy RPE or photoreceptors to conditioned medium from Alu‐enriched cells leads to cell death. Live cell imaging identified the presence of FITC‐Alu RNA in Alu‐naïve cells co‐cultured with cells transfected with the fluorescently tagged RNA. Further, we demonstrate that subretinally injected vesicles induce RPE degeneration in mice.Conclusion These data provide evidence for “neighborhood poisoning” as a mechanistic basis for progression of atrophic AMD. Targeting intercellular spread of Alu RNA holds therapeutic promise for inhibiting expansion of this devastating disease.
Central serous chorioretinopathy in pregnacy: A report of two cases
Authors: CARAMELLO ÁLVAREZ CM , HERRERA L , CRUZ N , ZABADANI K , PINILLA I , ASCASO J , CRISTóBAL JA 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Pregnancy has been implicated in the pathogenesis of central serous corioretinopathy, along with stress, steroids, Cushing’s syndrome, systemic hypertension and lupus erythematosus.We present two cases of central serous corioretinopahty (CSC) during otherwise healthy pregnancies.Methods Two patients that developed CSC during pregnancy are studied. Ophthalmological findings including visual acuity, slit‐lamp biomicroscopy, fundus examination, fundus photography and optical coherence tomography are presented. Patients were re‐evaluated six months after delivery.Results Both patients had spontaneous resolution of CSC after delivery.Conclusion CSC is a benign, self‐limited disease that can present with or without white retinal exudates. Elevated levels of glucocorticoids, present during pregnancy, can contribute to the pathogenesis of this entity.
Changes in protein composition of tear fluid in schoolchildren with high progressing myopia
Authors: IOMDINA E , TARUTTA E , KURYLEVA I , AKSENOVA Y , SURINA E , BOGACHUK A 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Defining the protein composition of tear fluid (TF) of schoolchildren with high progressive myopiaMethods We tested TF samples of 35 patients aged 10‐17 (ave. 13.1±2.2 yrs) with myopia from 5.0 to 20.5D (ave. 9.5±3.7D) and year progression rate 0.98±0.8D. 19 had various forms of peripheral vitreochoreoretinal dystrophies. No patients used contact lenses to correct myopia. The control group contained TF samples of 9 children aged 10‐13 (ave. 12.4±0.5 yrs) with normal eye fundus. Total protein content (TPC) was determined according to M.Bradford. Qualitative determination of protein composition and content in TF was performed by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The proteins were separated by unidirectional gel electrophoresis and stained with coomassie solution. Qualitative determination of major proteins – lactoferrin (Ltf) and lysozyme (Lys) – was conducted using two different primary antibodies (sandwich ELISA). Variation significance of qualitative parameters was assessed by nonparametric methods using Mann‐Whitney U‐test.Results Characteristic distinctions were found for TF of highly myopic children: 1) a significant reduction of TPC against the norm: 5.65 [4.85; 6.33] mg/ml and 7.66 [6.83; 8.16] mg/ml respectively (p=0.000408); 2) a significant increase of Ltf/TPC ratio against the norm: 0.23 [0.2; 0.29] and 0.37 [0.33; 0.43] resp., p=0.000185. The lysozyme share in the total protein content (Lys/TPC) was invariable.Conclusion The data confirm the pathogenetic role of the damaged antioxidant protective system of eye media and tissues in the development of myopia. Reduced TPC and increased share of Ltf in TF may be considered as possible diagnostic signs of the progressing character of myopia.
Prevalence of binocular anomalies among preschool children in Mashhad, Iran
Authors: YEKTA AA , HAGHIGHI B , HASHEMI H , SHAFIEE H , REZVAN F , OSTADIMOGHADDAM H , HERAVIAN J , AZIMI A , YEKTA R , KHABAZKHOOB M , RASHID TORABI M 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To determine the prevalence of binocular anomalies among preschool children in Mashhad, IranMethods In a cross‐sectional study with random cluster sampling, children aged 4 to 6 years old from kindergartens of Mashhad in Iran were selected. Examinations included: visual acuity, objective and subjective refractions, cover test, near point of convergence and stereopsis. Best corrected visual acuity worse than 8/10 or more than two Snellen lines difference between the eyes was defined as amblyopia. Anisometropia was defined as spherical equivalent refraction difference of 1.0 diopter and more between two eyes.Results Of the 3765 selected children, 98.3% of them participated in the study. The mean age of the subjects was 5.09 (range: 4‐6) years and 51.3% of them were boys. Strabiamus was found in 1.2 % of the children and intermittent exotropia had the highest prevalence. Prevalence of amblyopia and anisometropia were 0.5% and 6% respectively. Heterophoria was found in 62.7% and shift was toward esophoria.The mean near point of convergence was 5.09 ± cm. Stereopsis of 100 sec/arc and better was found in 94.6% of the subjects.Conclusion The results of this study indicated that the prevalence of strabismus was similar to other studies in Iran while there was a smaller prevalence of amblyopia. For preventing the incidence of binocular anomalies in children, a careful planning of the basic information is required to check the status of binocular vision.
Incidence of associated other oculomotor disturbances with internuclear ophthalmoplegia
Authors: VILA J , BORRUAT FX 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (ION)is a central oculomotility disorder resulting from dysfunction of the medial longitudinal fasciculus. It is frequently associated with skew deviation and vertical nystagmus. We aimed to determine the incidence of oculomotility disorders associated with ION.Methods Retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with ION. Patients were retrieved from the Neuro‐Ophthalmology Database of the Hôpital Ophtalmique Jules‐Gonin. Patients’ demographics, etiologies, uni‐bilaterality, association with other oculomotility disorders were studied.Results Our study comprised of 69 patients, 38F/31M, aged 16 to 77 years (mean 47 years). Etiologies included multiple sclerosis (MS, 39/69), stroke (20/69), tumor (5/69), and inflammatory/idiopathic (5/69). ION was unilateral in 39 cases and bilateral in 30 cases. Oculomotility disorders other than ION were found in 56 patients : upbeat nystagmus (31/56), downbeat nystagmus (29/56), oculo‐cerebellar syndrome (25/56), skew deviation (18/59), VI palsy (7/56), III palsy (6/56), dorsal midbrain syndrome (4/56), and one‐and‐a‐half syndrome (3/56). Stroke was responsible for the majority of skew deviation cases, whereas MS was the predominant cause of all the other oculomotility disturbances.Conclusion More than 80% of patients with ION exhibited also other central oculomotility disturbances. Vertical nystagmus and oculomotor cerebellar syndrome outnumbered skew deviation. Other disturbances included VI nerve palsy, III nerve palsy, Parinaud’s syndrome and Fisher’s one‐and‐a‐half syndrome. ION is rarely isolated and the spectrum of other oculomotor abnormalities is wide.
Optical coherence tomography as a progression marker in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer´s disease
Authors: HERRERA L , CRUZ N , ZABADANI K , CARAMELLO C , ASCASO FJ , MINGUEZ E , CASAS P , CRISTOBAL JA 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To study the role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a progression marker in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD).Methods We studied 36 eyes of 18 patients meeting criteria for AD (6 patients with mild AD, 7 patients with moderate AD and 5 patients with severe AD), and 21 eyes of 42 patients meeting criteria for MCI. In these two groups, we evaluated cognitive impairment through the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE), the verbal fluency test (VFT) and the clock test (CT) and we measured peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and macular volume and thickness using OCT.Results There is a significant correlation between the decrease in peripapillary RNFL thickness, macular volume and macular thickness and the severity of the cognitive impairment measured by the three neuro‐psychological tests (p=0.00).Conclusion The reduction in peripapillary and macular thickness and macular volume is related to the severity of cognitive impairment. Thus, OCT can be used for the diagnosis of AD and MCI (especially in the diagnosis of early‐ stage AD), as well as to evaluate cognitive impairment progression.
Neuromyelitis optica (devic‘s disease): The use of the spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the follow up of the disease
Authors: XIROU T , PORTALIOU D , BOURANTANI S , PANOUSOPOULOU A , KOURENTIS C , KABANAROU SA 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To report a case of neuromyelitis optica (Devic’s disease) which followed up with the use of optical coherence tomography (spectral domain OCT)Methods A 24 year old female patient presented with vision deterioration due to acute onset of unilateral optic neuritis in her left eye (OS)She was referred to the neurologic department of our hospital for further assessment and the diagnosis of Devic’s disease was set by the presence of anti – NMO – IgG antibodies. Patient’s follow – up included visual acuity measurements, visual fields testing and electrophysiological evaluation with pattern visual evoked potentials (PVEP) according to ISCEV standards. Peripapillary RNFL thickness was assessed by the spectral domain OCTResults Visual acuity was measured at 1.0 at her right eye and 0.4 at her left eye. Visual field of her left eye showed a characteristic scotoma due to optic neuritis. The latency of the P100 was delayed demonstrating dysfunction of the optic nerve pathway. Thinning of the RNFL layer was documented in her left eye at OCT imaging. During follow up of the patient there was no further deterioration of the RNFL thickness despite recurrence of the optic neuritis three timesConclusion OCT is a valuable and sensitive tool in evaluating peripapillary RNFL in patients with neuromyelitis optica (νόσ[omicron][sigmaf] Devic).
Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness as a neurological dysfunction marker in fibromyalgia patients
Authors: CARAMELLO ÁLVAREZ CM , ASCASO FJ , GARCíA‐MARTíN E , HERRERA L , HERRERA P , GARCíA‐CAMPAYO J , PABLO L , CRISTóBAL JA 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To assess retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in patients affected by fibromyalgia.Methods 39 patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia and 39 age‐matched healthy controls underwent a complete neuropsychiatric and ophthalmologic examination including best‐corrected visual acuity, contrast sensitivity test, and the new Nsite Axonal Analytics application of the spectral domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD‐OCT). Statistical analysis was conducted to compare RNFL thicknesses between patients and controls.Results RNFL thickness was significantly reduced in fibromyalgia patients (94.2±16.8) compared with healthy controls (102.9±10.2) in the mean values (p=0.007, Student t test), the ratio (cases=0.9±0.3, controls=1.1±0.3, p=0.022), the superonasal (cases=99.3±20.3, controls=116.4±16.7, p<0.001), inferonasal (cases=96.7±28.5, controls=126.2±25.9, p<0.001) and inferotemporal quadrant (cases=134±26.9, controls=144.7±19, p=0.048).Conclusion Fibromyalgia patients showed a reduction of peripapillary RNFL thickness evaluated by SD‐OCT. These findings, which have never been document in patients with fibromyalgia, suggest that neuronal degeneration could be present in the retina of fibromyalgia patients as previously observed in other neurodegenerative disorders.
Optical coherence tomography and electrophysiology to evaluate Parkinson disease severity
Authors: GARCIA MARTIN E , SATUE M , FUERTES I , OTIN S , ALARCIA R , HERRERO R , BAMBO MP , SERAL M , POLO V , LARROSA JM , PABLO L , ASCASO J 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To evaluate correlations between visual evoked potentials (VEP), pattern electroretinogram (PERG), and macular and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the severity of Parkinson disease (PD).Methods Forty‐six patients diagnosed with PD were enrolled in this study and underwent VEP, PERG, and Cirrus and Spectralis OCT measurements of macular and RNFL thicknesses, and evaluation of PD severity using the Hoehn & Yahr scale to measure PD symptom progression, the Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale (SE‐ADL) to evaluate patient quality of life (QOL), and disease duration. Logistical regression was performed to analyze which measures, if any, could predict PD symptom progression or effect on QOL.Results Visual functional parameters (best corrected visual acuity, mean deviation of visual field, PERG P50 and N95 component amplitude, and PERG P50 component latency) and structural parameters (Cirrus and Spectralis OCT measurements of RNFL and retinal thickness) were decreased in PD patients compared with healthy controls. OCT measurements were significantly negatively correlated with the Hoehn & Yahr scale, and significantly postively correlated with the SE‐ADL scale. Based on logistical regression analysis, fovea thickness provided by Cirrus OCT predicted PD severity, and QOL and amplitude of the PERG N95 component predicted a lower SE‐ADL score.Conclusion Patients with greater damage in the RPE or in the ganglion cells tend to have a lower QOL and more severe PD symptoms. Foveal thicknesses and the PERG N95 component provide good biomarkers for predicting QOL and disease severity.
Adult‐onset aqueductal stenosis: A case report
Authors: BATTA B , TRECHOT F , CLOCHE V , MAALOUF T , ANGIOI K 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose The authors describe a case of an adult‐onset aqueduct stenosis.Methods A 37‐year‐old man presented with a progressive blurring of vision in his left eye for a few days. He reported a fever episode two weeks before. Visual acuity was 10/10 P2 OD and 7/10 P2 OS. Pupils were equal without afferent defect. Neurologic examination was normal. Fundoscopic examination revealed a left optic disc oedema and a mild swelling of the right disc margins. Visual field examination demonstrated a bilateral enlargement of the blind spot associated with an infero‐nasal defect on the left eye. Computed tomography showed enlargement of the third and lateral ventricles suggestive of aqueduct stenosis, which was confirmed by MRI. Ultimately we learned that the patient's mother presented an aqueduct stenosis too. Otherwise the febrile episode was linked to infectious mononucleosis attested by serology. Following endoscopic third ventriculostomy, there was an visual acuity improvement to 10/10 P2 OD and 9/10 P2 OS. Visual field was normal on the right eye, but infero‐nasal defect remained on the left eye.Results Hydrocephalus secondary to aqueduct stenosis may present at any age, however it is more frequent in childhood. Stenosis can be attributed to different causes. In three quarters of cases, etiology remains unknown. Clinical course may vary according to the age of the patient. In our case age of onset is atypical, as symptomatology, consisting of isolated visual disturbances. The unilateral infero‐nasal visual field defect turns out to be also uncommon.Conclusion In view of bilateral optic disc oedema, clinicians have to hint at the possibility of hydrocephalus secondary to aqueduct stenosis, even if clinical manifestations are not much suggestive.