bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrathecal morphine reduces blood loss during idiopathic scoliosis surgery: retrospective study of 256 pediatric cases
Authors: Lesniak Aleksandra B. , Tremblay Pierre , Dalens Bernard J. , Aucoin Maryse , Mercier Pierre 
Published: January 2013

SummaryBackgroundThis retrospective cohort study was designed to assess the impact of intrathecal morphine compared with no intrathecal morphine on blood loss and on hemodynamic stability during surgery for pediatric idiopathic scoliosis correction.MethodsA retrospective review was done of 256 anesthetic charts who underwent scoliosis surgery between January 1993 and February 2012 by the same orthopedic surgeon. 128 patients were operated on before 2003 without intrathecal morphine (NITM group) and 128 were treated later on with intrathecal morphine (ITM group).Primary endpoints were a 20% decrease in blood loss in the ITM group and hemodynamic stability.ResultsBoth groups were similar for age, girl/boy ratio, weight and duration of surgery. Blood loss was significantly greater in the NITM group: 1793.1 ± 964.3 ml vs 655.8 ± 323.0 ml (P < 0.0001). Overall mean decrease in blood loss was 63.4% between the NITM group and the ITM group. A significantly (P < 0.0001) greater number of patients from the NITM group (122) received blood transfusions as compared to the ITM group (30). The volume of blood transfused per patient was significantly greater in the NITM group (701.4 ± 492.5 ml) than in the ITM group (293.7 ± 170.9 ml) (P < 0.0001). Heart rate was stable intra‐operatively in both groups. Variation in blood pressure >20% of baseline occurred more frequently in the NITM group (28.1%) than in the ITM group (14.8%) (P = 0.01).ConclusionsThese data demonstrate that intrathecal morphine in pediatric surgical scoliosis correction significantly decreases intra‐operative blood loss and transfusions and enhances blood pressure stability.
The development and feasibility of a remote damage control resuscitation prehospital plasma transfusion protocol for warfarin reversal for patients with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Zielinski Martin D. , Smoot Dustin L. , Stubbs James R. , Jenkins Donald H. , Park Myung S. , Zietlow Scott P. 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundThe rapid reversal of warfarin in the setting of traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been associated with improved outcomes. Until now, remote reversal of hypocoagulable states has not been possible in the prehospital environment. This manuscript describes the development and analysis of a prehospital plasma transfusion protocol to reverse warfarin at the earliest possible moment after TBI.Study Design and MethodsA retrospective review of all TBI patients receiving plasma transfusion(s) in the prehospital environment for warfarin reversal between February 2009 and September 2010 was conducted. Thawed plasma was carried on every air ambulance flight centered at the main campus.ResultsA total of 2836 flights carried over 2500 units of thawed plasma throughout the study period. During this time, 16 patients received prehospital plasma resuscitation, five of who were on warfarin with a concurrent TBI. The median Injury Severity Score was 17 (8.5‐27.5) with a median Glasgow Coma Score of 13 (8‐15) and a mortality rate of 40%. A median of 2 (1.5‐2.0) units of thawed plasma and 0 (0‐0) units of RBCs were transfused en route. The pretransfusion point‐of‐care international normalized ratio improved from 3.1 (2.3‐4.0) to 1.9 (1.3‐3.6) upon trauma center admission (serum sample). One hundred percent of the transported, but unused, thawed plasma underwent subsequent transfusion prior to expiration.ConclusionsRemote prehospital plasma transfusions effectively reverse anticoagulation secondary to warfarin administration in TBI patients. It is feasible to transfuse thawed plasma in the prehospital setting via remote damage control techniques without increasing waste. Prospective studies are needed to determine if this practice can improve outcomes in this population.
The early use of fibrinogen, prothrombin complex concentrate, and recombinant‐activated factor VIIa in massive bleeding
Authors: Fries Dietmar 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundCoagulopathy related to massive bleeding has a multifactorial aetiology. Coagulopathy is related to shock and blood loss including consumption of clotting factors and platelets and hemodilution. Additionally hyperfibrinolysis, hypothermia, acidosis, and metabolic changes affect the coagulation system. The aim of any hemostatic therapy is to control bleeding and minimize blood loss and transfusion requirements. Transfusion of allogeneic blood products as well as the presence of coagulopathy cause increased morbidity and mortality.Study Design and MethodsThis paper presents a short review on new treatment strategies of coagulopathy, related to massive blood loss.ResultsParadigms are actively changing and there is still shortage of data. However, there is increasing experience and evidence that “target controlled algorithms” using point‐of‐care monitoring devices and coagulation factor concentrates are more effective compared to transfusion of fresh frozen plasma, independently of the individual clinical situation.ConclusionFuture treatment of coagulopathy associated with massive bleeding can be based on an individualized point‐of‐care guided rational use of coagulation factor concentrates such as fibrinogen, prothrombin complex concentrate, and recombinant factor VIIa. The timely and rational use of coagulation factor concentrates may be more efficacious and safer than ratio‐driven use of transfusion packages of allogeneic blood products.
Fresh whole blood use by forward surgical teams in Afghanistan is associated with improved survival compared to component therapy without platelets
Authors: Nessen Shawn C. , Eastridge Brian J. , Cronk Daniel , Craig Robert M. , Berséus Olle , Ellison Richard , Remick Kyle , Seery Jason , Shah Avani , Spinella Philip C. 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundIn Afghanistan, a substantial portion of resuscitative combat surgery is performed by US Army forward surgical teams (FSTs). Red blood cells (RBCs) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) are available at these facilities, but platelets are not. FST personnel frequently encounter high‐acuity patient scenarios without the ability to transfuse platelets. An analysis of the use of fresh whole blood (FWB) at FSTs therefore allows for an evaluation of outcomes associated with this practice.Study Design and MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed in prospectively collected data from all transfused patients at six FSTs from December 2005 to December 2010. Univariate analysis was performed, followed by two separate propensity score analyses. In‐hospital mortality was predicted with the use of a conditional logistic regression model that incorporated these propensity scores. Subset analysis included evaluation of patients who received uncrossmatched Type O FWB compared with those who received type‐specific FWB.ResultsA total of 488 patients received a blood transfusion. There were no significant differences in age, sex, or Glasgow Coma Scale in those who received or did not receive FWB. Injury Severity Scores were higher in patients transfused FWB. In our adjusted analyses, patients who received RBCs and FFP with FWB had improved survival compared with those who received RBCs and FFP without FWB. Of 94 FWB recipients, 46 FWB recipients (49%) were given uncrossmatched Type O FWB, while 48 recipients (51%) received type‐specific FWB. There was no significant difference in mortality between patients that received uncrossmatched Type O and type‐specific FWB.ConclusionsThe use of FWB in austere combat environments appears to be safe and is independently associated with improved survival to discharge when compared with resuscitation with RBCs and FFP alone. Mortality was similar for patients transfused uncrossmatched Type O compared with ABO type‐specific FWB in an austere setting.
An Alphavirus Vector-Based Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine Induces a Rapid and Protective Immune Response in Macaques That Differs Qualitatively from Immunity Induced by Live Virus Infection
Authors: White Laura J. , Sariol Carlos A. , Mattocks Melissa D. , Wahala M. P. B. Wahala , Yingsiwaphat Vorraphun , Collier Martha L. , Whitley Jill , Mikkelsen Rochelle , Rodriguez Idia V. , Martinez Melween I. , de Silva Aravinda , Johnston Robert E. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT
Despite many years of research, a dengue vaccine is not available, and the more advanced live attenuated vaccine candidate in clinical trials requires multiple immunizations with long interdose periods and provides low protective efficacy. Here, we report important contributions to the development of a second-generation dengue vaccine. First, we demonstrate that a nonpropagating vaccine vector based on Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles (VRP) expressing two configurations of dengue virus E antigen (subviral particles [prME] and soluble E dimers [E85]) successfully immunized and protected macaques against dengue virus, while antivector antibodies did not interfere with a booster immunization. Second, compared to prME-VRP, E85-VRP induced neutralizing antibodies faster, to higher titers, and with improved protective efficacy. Third, this study is the first to map antigenic domains and specificities targeted by vaccination versus natural infection, revealing that, unlike prME-VRP and live virus, E85-VRP induced only serotype-specific antibodies, which predominantly targeted EDIII, suggesting a protective mechanism different from that induced by live virus and possibly live attenuated vaccines. Fourth, a tetravalent E85-VRP dengue vaccine induced a simultaneous and protective response to all 4 serotypes after 2 doses given 6 weeks apart. Balanced responses and protection in macaques provided further support for exploring the immunogenicity and safety of this vaccine candidate in humans.
Toll-Like Receptor 9 in Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Fails To Detect Parvoviruses
Authors: Mattei Lisa M. , Cotmore Susan F. , Li Lei , Tattersall Peter , Iwasaki Akiko 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT

Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) recognizes genomes of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses in the endosome to stimulate plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). However, how and if viruses with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genomes are detected by pDCs remain unclear. Here we have shown that despite the ability of purified genomic DNA to stimulate TLR9 and despite the ability to enter TLR9 endosomes, ssDNA viruses of the
Parvoviridae
family failed to elicit an interferon (IFN) response in pDCs.
Changes in economic difficulties and subsequent sickness absence: a prospective register-linkage study
Authors: Lallukka Tea , Lahelma Eero , Rahkonen Ossi 
Published: January 2013

ObjectivesPeople's economic difficulties are associated with their health, but consequences of changes in economic difficulties are less understood. We aimed to examine the associations between changes in economic difficulties and subsequent sickness absence while considering socioeconomic circumstances and other covariates.DesignA prospective cohort study.SettingHelsinki, Finland.ParticipantsMunicipal employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland (n=3859), who were respondents to the baseline (2000–2002) and follow-up (2007) questionnaire surveys and had register-based follow-up data on sickness absence until the end of 2010.Primary and secondary outcome measuresSelf-certified short (1–3 days) and medically certified intermediate (4–14 days) and long (15+ days) sickness absence spells were examined using employer's personnel register data.ResultsPersistent frequent economic difficulties predicted short (rate ratios (RR) 1.66 95% CI 1.49 to 1.86), intermediate (RR 2.13 95% CI 1.85 to 2.45) and long (RR 2.18 95% CI 1.75 to 2.70) sickness absence spells. Increasing economic difficulties similarly predicted sickness absence spells. The risks were somewhat stronger the longer the absence, and remained although attenuated somewhat after full adjustment. Weak risks were found also for persistent occasional economic difficulties and decreasing economic difficulties, and they attenuated further after full adjustments.ConclusionsChanges in economic difficulties predict subsequent sickness absence even after considering income, baseline health and other covariates. Thus economic difficulties should be considered when addressing causes of sickness absence.
A Modified HSP70 Inhibitor Shows Broad Activity as an Anticancer Agent
Authors: Balaburski Gregor M. , Leu Julia I.-Ju , Beeharry Neil , Hayik Seth , Andrake Mark D. , Zhang Gao , Herlyn Meenhard , Villanueva Jessie , Dunbrack Roland L. , Yen Tim , George Donna L. , Murphy Maureen E. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
The stress-induced HSP70 is an ATP-dependent molecular chaperone that plays a key role in refolding misfolded proteins and promoting cell survival following stress. HSP70 is marginally expressed in nontransformed cells, but is greatly overexpressed in tumor cells. Silencing HSP70 is uniformly cytotoxic to tumor but not normal cells; therefore, there has been great interest in the development of HSP70 inhibitors for cancer therapy. Here, we report that the HSP70 inhibitor 2-phenylethynesulfonamide (PES) binds to the substrate-binding domain of HSP70 and requires the C-terminal helical “lid” of this protein (amino acids 573–616) to bind. Using molecular modeling and in silico docking, we have identified a candidate binding site for PES in this region of HSP70, and we identify point mutants that fail to interact with PES. A preliminary structure–activity relationship analysis has revealed a derivative of PES, 2-(3-chlorophenyl) ethynesulfonamide (PES-Cl), which shows increased cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit autophagy, along with significantly improved ability to extend the life of mice with pre-B-cell lymphoma, compared with the parent compound (P = 0.015). Interestingly, we also show that these HSP70 inhibitors impair the activity of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) in cell-free extracts, and induce G2–M arrest and genomic instability in cancer cells. PES-Cl is thus a promising new anticancer compound with several notable mechanisms of action. Mol Cancer Res; 11(3); 219–29. ©2013 AACR.
A Way of Salvation: Becoming Like God in Nag Hammadi
Authors: Roig Lanzillotta Lautaro 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Contrary to general belief, ethical progress as a means to attain the divine and thereby achieve salvation occupies a central place in the Nag Hammadi writings. Plato’s conception of the homoiosis theo or “likeness to god” fits very well this dynamic view of man, since it optimistically claims the possibility of human development and progress. Plato’s dialogues are far from offering a univocal exposition of how this progress was fulfilled, but later Platonists show a rather systematizing tendency. The present paper provides an overview of the homoiosis theo in the Platonic dialogues and evaluates its appropriation by both Middle Platonism and the world of Gnosis. It also offers an exposition and analysis of those Nag Hammadi writings that may allow a proper understanding of the meaning and goal of the homoiosis theo in this collection of texts.
Chironomus polonicus sp. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae) from southern Poland
Authors: MICHAILOVA PARASKEVA , KOWNACKI ANDRZEJ , LANGTON PETER H. 
Published: January 2013

The paper describes larval, pupal and adult morphology as well as the karyotype of Chironomus polonicus sp. n. from southern Poland. The material has been obtained from reared egg masses collected in Bolesław pool, near Kraków. The species belongs to the pseudothummi cytocomplex with 2n = 8 and chromosome arm combinations AE, BF, CD, G. Several homozygous inversions distinguish arm A of the new species from that of C. pseudothummi Strenzke. Arm F is similar to that of C. aprilinus Meigen and differs from it by few steps of homozygous inversions. Few morphological differences in the pupa and adult are also presented.
Nematodes from the caecum and colon of Pogonomys (Muridae: Anisomyini) from Papua New Guinea with the descriptions of a new genus of Oxyuridae (Nematoda: Oxyurida) and a new species of Trichuridae (Nematoda: Enoplida)
Authors: SMALES L. R. 
Published: January 2013

Nematodes, comprising 2 species, a new genus from the family Syphaciidae and a new species from the family Trichuridae were collected from the lower digestive tracts of 4 species of Pogonomys; P. championi, Flannery (12 individuals), P. loriae, Thomas (14 individuals), P. macrourus, (Milne Edwards) (19 individuals) and P. sylvestris, Thomas (27 individuals) from Papua, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. Pogonomicola rugala n. gen., n. sp. differs from all other genera in the Sypaciidae in having cervical alae with numerous folds and a single weakly defined mamelon. Trichuris germani n. sp. differs from all congeners, including the cosmopolitan T. muris, the only other trichurid reported from the region, by the lengths of the spicules and vagina, the ratio of anterior to posterior body length and the number of convolutions of the testis. The genus Pogonomys, with four species from four nematode families had a relatively rich helminth fauna in the lower digestive tract compared to other ansomyins studied. The Oxyuridae, with three genera comprising 5 species was the dominant group found in the lower digestive tract of the Anisomyini, indicating the possibility that the isolation of the old endemic rodents in New Guinea has been associated with a period of coevolution between anisomyin hosts and their syphaciine parasites.
An annotated catalogue of the New World Therevidae (Insecta: Diptera: Asiloidea)
Authors: WEBB DONALD W. , GAIMARI STEPHEN D. , HAUSER MARTIN , HOLSTON KEVIN C. , METZ MARK A. , IRWIN MICHAEL E. , KAMPMEIER GAIL E. , ALGMIN KRISTIN 
Published: January 2013

The genera and species of New World stiletto flies (Diptera: Therevidae) are listed, with annotated references to nomenclature, synonymies and generic combinations, type localities, the primary type depositories, distribution, and citations for the most recent revisions. The genus Cyclotelus Walker, 1850 (along with its synonyms Furcifera Kröber, 1911, and Epomyia Cole, 1923a) is synonymized under Cerocatus Rondani, 1848. Ectinorhynchus fascipennis Kröber, 1911 is given the new name Cerocatus rondanii Gaimari, and Phycus rufiventris Kröber, 1911 is given the new name Cerocatus raspii Hauser. Phycus analis Kröber, 1911 and Phycus bicolor Kröber, 1911, are placed as new combinations in Cerocatus Rondani, as are the following species that were previously in combination with Cyclotelus: Furcifera achaeta Malloch, 1932, Cyclotelus badicrusus Irwin and Webb, 1992, Phycus beckeri Kröber, 1911, Epomyia bella Cole, 1923a, Furcifera braziliana Cole, 1960a, Cyclotelus colei Irwin and Lyneborg, 1981a, Thereva diversipes Kröber, 1911, Thereva fascipennis Macquart, 1846a, Psilocephala femorata Kröber, 1911, Furcifera flavipes Kröber, 1928b, Furcifera hardyi Cole, 1960a, Furcifera kroeberi Cole, 1960a, Cyclotelus laetus Walker, 1850, Furcifera longicornis Kröber, 1911, Cyclotelus nigroflammus Walker, 1850, Psilocephala nigrifrons Kröber, 1914a, Thereva pictipennis Wiedemann, 1821, Furcifera polita Kröber, 1911, Cyclotelus pruinosus Walker, 1850, Thereva ruficornis Macquart, 1841a, Psilocephala rufiventris Loew, 1869, Thereva scutellaris Walker, 1857, Cyclotelus silacrusus Irwin and Webb, 1992, Cyclotelus socius Walker, 1850 and Psilocephala sumichrasti Bellardi, 1861. Dialineura pallidiventris Malloch, 1932, Melanothereva blackmani Oldroyd, 1968, Thereva maculicornis Jaennicke, 1867 and Thereva notabilis Macquart, 1841a are placed as new combinations in Entesia Oldroyd. Henicomyia amazonica Irwin and Webb, 1992 is a new synonym of Henicomyia flava Lyneborg, 1972. Henicomyia varipes Kröber, 1912a is given revised species status from former synonymy withHenicomyia hubbardii Coquillett, 1898.
Management of the Incus Body in Ossiculoplasty
Authors: Capra Gregory G. , Ge Xianxi , Balough Ben J. , Shah Anil N. , Turner Sam , Mullin David P. , Pfannenstiel Travis J. 
Published: January 2013

Objective(1) Evaluate the sound transfer impact of removal of the incus body in ossicular chain reconstruction (OCR) using an incus strut prosthesis. (2) Provide basic science data to assist clinical decision making in ossiculoplasty.Study DesignBasic science.SettingCadaveric temporal bone research laboratory.Subjects and MethodsOssicular chain reconstruction with an incus strut prosthesis was performed on 7 human temporal bones with and without the incus body. The difference in round window membrane (RWM) peak‐to‐peak displacements (90‐dB sound pressure level, 250‐8000 Hz) using single‐point laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) was compared with observed baseline, intact ossicular chain values.ResultsComparing OCR using an incus strut prosthesis to an intact ossicular chain across all 7 temporal bones, the largest differences in RWM velocity occurred at 1011 and 2011 Hz. With increasing frequencies, RWM velocities of the OCR approached the intact ossicular chain. Using a Wilcoxon rank‐sum test comparing the ossicular chain with and without the incus body showed no statistically significant difference across all frequencies (P =. 925). Removing the incus body resulted in improved median RWM velocity (×10−2 mm/s) by 0.6 at 1011 Hz and a decrease of 0.6 at 2011 Hz. A rank‐sum test to evaluate the difference at 1011 and 2011 Hz did not demonstrate statistical significance.ConclusionRemoval of the incus body in OCR using an incus strut prosthesis did not significantly change sound transfer function of the middle ear relative to its preservation. Our data suggest the impact of the retained mass in OCR to be minimal.
Fanconi anemia proteins interact with CtBP1 and modulate the expression of the Wnt antagonist Dickkopf-1
Authors: Huard Caroline C. , Tremblay Cédric S. , Helsper Kathrin , Delisle Marie-Chantal , Schindler Detlev , Lévesque Georges , Carreau Madeleine 
Published: January 2013

Key PointsCtBP1 and FA proteins interact together and are implicated in the regulation of the Wnt antagonist Dickkopf-1