bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acknowledgement of manuscript reviewers, the underappreciated contributors
Authors: Abel Lucy , Bakillah Ahmed , Hussain M Mahmood 
Published: January 2013

Contributing reviewers
We and the Editorial Board acknowledge and thank all reviewers for their active participation and contribution during 2012. We greatly appreciate their dedication and behind the scenes contribution. It is largely due to their support and expertise that we have been able to publish high-standard manuscripts. We would also like to thank authors for choosing Nutrition & Metabolism and contributing their cherished work.
Involvement of tryptophan hydroxylase 2 gene polymorphisms in susceptibility to tic disorder in Chinese Han population
Authors: Zheng Ping , Li Erzhen , Wang Jianhua , Cui Xiaodai , Wang Liwen 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
Tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TPH2) is a potential candidate gene for screening tic disorder (TD).

Methods
A case–control study was performed to examine the association between the TPH2 gene and TD. The Sequenom® Mass ARRAY iPLEX GOLD System was used to genotype two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the TPH2 gene in 149 TD children and in 125 normal controls.

Results
For rs4565946, individuals with the TT genotype showed a significantly higher risk of TD than those with TC plus CC genotypes [odds ratio (OR) =3.077, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.273–7.437; P = 0.009], as did male TD children with the TT genotype (OR = 3.228, 95% CI: 1.153–9.040; P = 0.020). The G allele of rs4570625 was significantly more frequent in TD children with higher levels of tic symptoms (Yale Global Tic Severity Scale, YGTSS) than those in controls among the male children (OR = 1.684, 95%: 1.097–2.583; P = 0.017]. TD children with severe tic symptoms had significantly higher frequencies of rs4546946 TT genotype than did normal controls in boys (OR = 3.292, 95% CI: 1.139–9.513; P = 0.022). We also found that genotype distributions of both SNPs were different between the Asian and European populations.

Conclusions
Our results indicated that the TT genotype of rs4565946 is a potential genetic risk factor for TD, and the allele G of rs4570625 might be associated with the severity of tic symptoms in boys. These polymorphisms might be susceptibility loci for TD in the Chinese Han population. Because of the confounding of co-existing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD),these findings need to be confirmed by studies in much larger samples.
Effect of pre-cooking times on enzymes, properties, and melanosis of Pacific white shrimp during refrigerated storage
Authors: Manheem Kusaimah , Benjakul Soottawat , Kijroongrojana Kongkarn , Faithong Nandhsha , Visessanguan Wonnop 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Pre-cooked shrimp have gained interest due to their attractive color and flavor. However, shrimp without sufficient pre-cooking have faced melanosis, particularly during the extended storage. This leads to the rejection by consumers and the market. Therefore, pre-cooking with appropriate time would be a means to tackle such a problem. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of pre-cooking times on enzyme activities, properties, microstructure, and melanosis of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Pacific white shrimp were subjected to pre-cooking at 80°C for various times (0 to 120 s). The residual activities of polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and protease decreased with increasing pre-cooking times (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, the increasing pre-cooking time resulted in more cooking loss. With cooking time above 60 s, a cooking loss of 9.85% was obtained (p < 0.05). Marked decreases in the relative PPO and protease activities were observed within the first 30 s of pre-cooking, and negligible activities were detected after 120 s. The microstructure study revealed that the muscle fibers of pre-cooked shrimps were less attached with concomitantly higher shrinkage of the sarcomere, compared with those of the raw counterpart. Shrimps pre-cooked with longer time showed a lower development of black spots as evidenced by a lower melanosis score throughout storage of 7 days at 4°C. Therefore, a pre-cooking time of 30 s at 80°C was sufficient to lower PPO and protease activities with the minimized cooking loss and melanosis during refrigerated storage.
Antioxidant activity of the stem bark of Shorea roxburghii and its silver reducing power
Authors: Subramanian Ramasamy , Subbramaniyan Palanivel , Raj Vairamuthu 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA detailed study has been performed on the antioxidant activity of the acetone and methanol extracts of the stem bark of the plant,Shorea roxburghii. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the extracts were determined by DPPH, radical scavenging, ferric ion reducing power, hydroxyl radical, ABTS.radical scavenging and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities. Reducing efficiency of theS. roxburghiitowards silver nanoparticles has been evaluated using surface plasmon resonance and transmission electron microscope. Spherical shapes of particles with 4–50 nm have been reported. Formation of silver nanoparticles ascertains the role of the water soluble phenolic compounds present inS. roxburghii. Both acetone and methanol extracts ofS. roxburghiistem bark was found to be a potent antioxidant. This work provides a scientific support for the high antioxidant activity of this plant and thus it may find potential applications in the treatment of the diseases caused by free radical. The extract of this plant could be used as a green reducing agent for the synthesis of Ag nanoparticles.
Comparative study on the effects of type 1 and type 2 diabetes on structural changes and hormonal output of the adrenal cortex in male Wistar rats
Authors: Elahi-Moghaddam Zohreh , Behnam-Rassouli Morteza , Mahdavi-Shahri Naser , Hajinejad-Boshroue Roya , Khajouee Elaheh 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Diabetes is one of the most common endocrine disorders characterized by hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin function, or both. Causing dysfunction in the body general metabolism, diabetes-induced chronic hyperglycemia leads to alterations in those endocrine glands involved in regulating the body metabolism. In this line, the present study has been conducted to investigate the effects of type 1 and type 2 diabetes on the structural changes and hormonal output of the adrenal cortex in male Wistar rat.

Methods
Eighteen male Wistar rats were divided into three groups including control, experimental type 1 diabetes (subcutaneous injection of 135 mg/kg alloxan) and experimental type 2 diabetes (8 weeks treatment with drinking water containing 10% fructose). Two months after the induction of both types of diabetes, the level of blood biochemical factors (glucose, insulin, cortisol, triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL, and HDL) were measured. Structural changes of the adrenal cortex were then evaluated, using stereological techniques.

Results
Serum biochemical analysis showed significant difference in the levels of glucose, triglycerides, insulin and cortisol in experimental groups, compared to the control. The results of structural alterations were also indicative of increase in adrenal cortex volume in both types of diabetes.

Conclusion
Probably through increasing HPA axis activity, type1 diabetes-induced hyperglycemia leads to adrenal hypertrophy and increase the hormonal output of adrenal gland.
Intra-articular delivery of adipose derived stromal cells attenuates osteoarthritis progression in an experimental rabbit model
Authors: Desando Giovanna , Cavallo Carola , Sartoni Federica , Martini Lucia , Parrilli Annapaola , Veronesi Francesca , Fini Milena , Giardino Roberto , Facchini Andrea , Grigolo Brunella 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Cell therapy is a rapidly growing area of research for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). This work is aimed to investigate the efficacy of intra-articular adipose-derived stromal cell (ASC) injection in the healing process on cartilage, synovial membrane and menisci in an experimental rabbit model.

Methods
The induction of OA was performed surgically through bilateral anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) to achieve eight weeks from ACLT a mild grade of OA. A total of 2 × 106 and 6 × 106 autologous ASCs isolated from inguinal fat, expanded in vitro and suspended in 4% rabbit serum albumin (RSA) were delivered in the hind limbs; 4% RSA was used as the control. Local bio-distribution of the cells was verified by injecting chloro-methyl-benzamido-1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3'3'-tetra-methyl-indo-carbocyanine per-chlorate (CM-Dil) labeled ASCs in the hind limbs. Cartilage and synovial histological sections were scored by Laverty's scoring system to assess the severity of the pathology. Protein expression of some extracellular matrix molecules (collagen I and II), catabolic (metalloproteinase-1 and -3) and inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor- α) markers were detected by immunohistochemistry. Assessments were carried out at 16 and 24 weeks.

Results
Labeled-ASCs were detected unexpectedly in the synovial membrane and medial meniscus but not in cartilage tissue at 3 and 20 days from ASC-treatment. Intra-articular ASC administration decreases OA progression and exerts a healing contribution in the treated animals in comparison to OA and 4% RSA groups.

Conclusions
Our data reveal a healing capacity of ASCs in promoting cartilage and menisci repair and attenuating inflammatory events in synovial membrane inhibiting OA progression. On the basis of the local bio-distribution findings, the benefits obtained by ASC treatment could be due to a trophic mechanism of action by the release of growth factors and cytokines.
The effect of acute kidney injury on long-term health-related quality of life: a prospective follow-up study
Authors: Hofhuis José GM , van Stel Henk F , Schrijvers Augustinus JP , Rommes Johannes H , Spronk Peter E 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication in critically ill patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). We hypothesized that ICU survivors with AKI would have a worse health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcome than ICU survivors without AKI.

Methods
We performed a long-term prospective observational study. Patients admitted for > 48 hours in a medical-surgical ICU were included and divided in two groups: patients who fulfilled RIFLE criteria for AKI and patients without AKI. We used the Short-Form 36 to evaluate HRQOL before admission (by proxy within 48 hours after admission of the patient), at ICU discharge, hospital discharge, 3 and 6 months following ICU discharge (all by patients). Recovery in HRQOL from ICU-admission onwards was assessed using linear mixed modelling.

Results
Between September 2000 and January 2007 all admissions were screened for study participation. We included a total of 749 patients. At six months after ICU discharge 73 patients with AKI and 325 patients without AKI could be evaluated. In survivors with and without AKI, the pre-admission HRQOL (by proxy) and at six months after ICU discharge was significantly lower compared with an age matched general population. Most SF-36 dimensions changed significantly over time from ICU discharge. Change over time of HRQOL between the different AKI Rifle classes (Risk, Injury, Failure) showed no significant differences. At ICU discharge, scores were lowest in the group with AKI compared with the group without AKI for the physical functioning, role-physical and general health dimensions. However, there were almost no differences in HRQOL between both groups at six months.

Conclusions
The pre-admission HRQOL (by proxy) of AKI survivors was significantly lower in two dimensions compared with the age matched general population. Six months after ICU discharge survivors with and without AKI showed an almost similar HRQOL. However, compared with the general population with a similar age, HRQOL was poorer in both groups.
CGAL: computing genome assembly likelihoods
Authors: Rahman Atif , Pachter Lior 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAssembly algorithms have been extensively benchmarked using simulated data so that results can be compared to ground truth. However, in de novo assembly, only crude metrics such as contig number and size are typically used to evaluate assembly quality. We present CGAL, a novel likelihood-based approach to assembly assessment in the absence of a ground truth. We show that likelihood is more accurate than other metrics currently used for evaluating assemblies, and describe its application to the optimization and comparison of assembly algorithms. Our methods are implemented in software that is freely available at http://bio.math.berkeley.edu/cgal/.
Accelerated exon evolution within primate segmental duplications
Authors: Lorente-Galdos Belen , Bleyhl Jonathan , Santpere Gabriel , Vives Laura , Ramírez Oscar , Hernandez Jessica , Anglada Roger , Cooper Gregory M , Navarro Arcadi , Eichler Evan E , Marques-Bonet Tomas 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Background
The identification of signatures of natural selection has long been used as an approach to understanding the unique features of any given species. Genes within segmental duplications are overlooked in most studies of selection due to the limitations of draft nonhuman genome assemblies and to the methodological reliance on accurate gene trees, which are difficult to obtain for duplicated genes.

Results
In this work, we detected exons with an accumulation of high-quality nucleotide differences between the human assembly and shotgun sequencing reads from single human and macaque individuals. Comparing the observed rates of nucleotide differences between coding exons and their flanking intronic sequences with a likelihood-ratio test, we identified 74 exons with evidence for rapid coding sequence evolution during the evolution of humans and Old World monkeys. Fifty-five percent of rapidly evolving exons were either partially or totally duplicated, which is a significant enrichment of the 6% rate observed across all human coding exons.

Conclusions
Our results provide a more comprehensive view of the action of selection upon segmental duplications, which are the most complex regions of our genomes. In light of these findings, we suggest that segmental duplications could be subjected to rapid evolution more frequently than previously thought.
Inner-Sphere Structure of Rhodium Complexes with Tin(II) Chloride in Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid Solution
Authors: Narita Hirokazu , Tanaka Mikiya , Shiwaku Hideaki , Okamoto Yoshihiro , Ikeda-Ohno Atsushi , Yaita Tsuyoshi 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
The coordination properties of highly concentrated rhodium complexes (Rh: ca. 10 g L−1) in concentrated hydrochloric acid solution upon addition of tin(II) chloride were investigated using Rh and Sn K-edge XAFS spectra. For Rh solutions in the absence of Sn, the Rh ion shows no inner-sphere H2O complexation for [HCl] ≥ 6 M. The coordination structure of Rh in 3 M HCl solution (ca. 1 O(H2O) at 2.06(3) Å and ca. 5 Cl− at 2.321(8) Å) drastically changes with increasing amount of tin(II) chloride added; the Sn directly coordinates to Rh by replacing the H2O/Cl−. At [Sn]/[Rh] = 12.4, the inner coordination sphere of Rh is occupied only by Sn (ca. 5 Sn at 2.510(7) Å). The curve fits of the Sn K-edge EXAFS spectra for the Rh–Sn system show that the Sn has ca. 3 Cl− and ca. 1 Rh in the inner coordination sphere. XANES analysis reveals that the Rh ion is reduced from trivalent to monovalent with concomitant oxidation of the Sn ion, divalent to tetravalent. These results demonstrate that the Rh complexes in 3 M HCl solution transform from [RhIIICl5(H2O)]2− to [RhI(SnIICl3)5]4− through the [RhIIICln(H2O)m(SnIICl3)6−n−m]n−3 complex (1 ≤ n ≤ 5, 0 ≤ m ≤ 1) with an increase in the Sn concentration.
A Friendships and Dating Program for Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: A Formative Evaluation
Authors: Ward Karen M. , Atkinson Julie P. , Smith Curtis A. , Windsor Richard 
Published: January 2013

AbstractMeaningful relationships with others are often elusive for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, but no less desired for their full inclusion and participation in society. It is well documented that people with disabilities are victims of interpersonal violence at higher rates than peers without disabilities. This article presents a formative evaluation of the Friendships and Dating Program (FDP). The FDP was designed to teach the social skills needed to develop healthy, meaningful relationships and to prevent violence in dating and partnered relationships. Thirty-one adults were recruited by 5 community agencies in Alaska to participate. The results showed the size of the participants' social networks increased and the number of incidents of interpersonal violence was reduced for participants who completed the FDP, and outcomes were maintained 10 weeks later.
Congregational Participation and Supports for Children and Adults with Disabilities: Parent Perceptions
Authors: Ault Melinda Jones , Collins Belva C. , Carter Erik W. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Although religion and spirituality have received relatively limited attention in the literature addressing people with disabilities, each is strongly associated with a host of positive outcomes, including enhanced quality of life. One way to participate in religious activities and enhance spirituality is to participate in a faith community. In this article, we report findings from a survey of 416 parents exploring the ways in which they and their children with disabilities participated in their congregations and examining factors associated with participation and inclusion in those communities. Consistent with findings from general social surveys, the majority of parents indicated their faith was important to them and many—along with their sons or daughters with disabilities—participated in congregational activities. Although parents reported their sons and daughters with disabilities participated in somewhat fewer types of activities than they did, this involvement occurred most often in activities involving peers without disabilities. However, parents generally were not satisfied with the level of supports provided by faith communities, and they highly valued a welcoming and supportive attitude by the community. We discuss implications for extending inclusive efforts into congregational contexts and suggest future research directions.
Intellectual Disability and Space: Critical Narratives of Exclusion
Authors: Gabel Susan L. , Cohen Carie J. , Kotel Kathleen , Pearson Holly 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe language of intellectual disability is rife with spatial terms. Students labeled with intellectual disability are “placed in” special education where they may be “self-contained,” “segregated,” “excluded,” or “included.” Conversations ensue about where to seat them, next to whom, and at what distance from the teacher and other students. In this article, critical spatial studies and critical narratives are used to illustrate the ways in which power and exclusion constitute intellectual disability.
REVIEWS
Authors: Harris Oliver , Newton James , Selbo Jule 
Published: January 2013

SCRIPTING HITCHCOCK: PSYCHO, THE BIRDS, AND MARNIE, WALTER RAUBICHECK AND WALTER SREBNIK (2011) Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 131 pp., ISBN 978-0-252-07824-8, p/bk, £14.99
CHARLIE KAUFMAN: CONFESSIONS OF AN ORIGINAL MIND, DOREEN ALEXANDER CHILD (2010) Santa Barbara,
Ca: Praeger, 208pp., ISBN: 978-0313358609, p/bk, £30.35
FUNNY, THE BOOK: EVERYTHING YOU ALWAYS WANTED TO KNOW ABOUT COMEDY, DAVID MISCH (2012) Wisconsin: Hal Leonard Publishing, 173 pp., ISBN: 978-1-55783-829-2, p/bk, $18.99
Physician Advice to Adolescents About Drinking and Other Health Behaviors
Authors: Hingson Ralph W. , Zha Wenxing , Iannotti Ronald J. , Simons-Morton Bruce 
Published: January 2013

BACKGROUND:
This report assessed the proportion of US 10th graders (average age, 16) who saw a physician in the past year and were asked and given advice about their drinking. We hypothesized that advice would vary by whether students were asked about drinking and their drinking, bingeing, and drunkenness frequency.

METHODS:
A nationally representative sample of 10th graders in 2010 (N = 2519) were asked their past 30-day frequency of drinking, bingeing, and intoxication and whether, during their last medical examination, their drinking was explored and they received advice about alcohol’s risks and reducing or stopping.

RESULTS:
In the past month, 36% reported drinking, 28% reported bingeing, and 23% reported drunkenness (11%, 5%, and 7%, respectively, 6 or more times). In the past year, 82% saw a doctor. Of that group, 54% were asked about drinking, 40% were advised about related harms, and 17% were advised to reduce or stop. Proportions seeing a doctor and asked about drinking were similar across drinking patterns. Respondents asked about drinking were more often advised to reduce or stop. Frequent drinkers, bingers, and those drunk were more often advised to reduce or stop. Nonetheless, only 25% of them received that advice from physicians. In comparison, 36% of frequent smokers, 27% of frequent marijuana users, and 42% of frequent other drug users were advised to reduce or quit those behaviors.

CONCLUSIONS:
Efforts are warranted to increase the proportion of physicians who follow professional guidelines to screen and counsel adolescents about unhealthy alcohol use and other behaviors that pose health risks.
Sustainable waste management by production of activated carbon from agroforestry residues
Authors: Ntuli Victor , Hapazari Innocent 
Published: January 2013

Agroforestry waste presents a problem for disposal and negatively impacts on the environment if left to rot or burn. The aim of this study was to reduce environmental problems associated with agroforestry waste by promoting the innovative use of such waste in the production of activated carbons (ACs) using a low-cost production technique, and ultimately delivering more affordable water and effluent treatment adsorbents. Four varieties of ACs from four different agroforestry materials – pine (Pinus contorta) cones (PC), Abies (Abies cilicica) seeds (AS), maple (Acer ginnala) seeds (MS) and peach (Prunus persica) stones (PS) – were prepared by single-step steam pyrolysis and characterised. The raw materials were evaluated for AC yield while the respective ACs were evaluated on the basis of iodine number, phenol specific area, ash content, pH, moisture content and removal of metal ions, nitrates and sulphates from aqueous solution. The AC yields for PS, PC, AS and MS were found to be 23.0%, 18.0%, 17.8% and 14.6%, respectively. The yield for PS (23%) is within the specified commercial limits of 20% to 40%. The phenol specific areas of the ACs ranged between 381 m2/g and 415 m2/g higher than the commercial lower limit (300 m2/g) generally specified. The ACs also showed the capacity to remove heavy metal ions from their aqueous solutions. Removal of both nitrates and sulphates in raw water was greater than 50%. Although no quantitative analysis has been performed to date, it is envisaged that the production of AC from agroforestry wastes can contribute to the sustainable management of environmental pollution by these residues and the concomitant delivery of cheaper adsorbents.