bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
YAP1 Regulates OCT4 Activity and SOX2 Expression to Facilitate Self-Renewal and Vascular Mimicry of Stem-Like Cells
Authors: Bora-Singhal Namrata , Nguyen Jonathan , Schaal Courtney , Perumal Deepak , Singh Sandeep , Coppola Domenico , Chellappan Srikumar 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is highly correlated with smoking and has very low survival rates. Multiple studies have shown that stem-like cells contribute to the genesis and progression of NSCLC. Our results show that the transcriptional coactivator yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), which is the oncogenic component of the Hippo signaling pathway, is elevated in the stem-like cells from NSCLC and contributes to their self-renewal and ability to form angiogenic tubules. Inhibition of YAP1 by a small molecule or depletion of YAP1 by siRNAs suppressed self-renewal and vascular mimicry of stem-like cells. These effects of YAP1 were mediated through the embryonic stem cell transcription factor, Sox2. YAP1 could transcriptionally induce Sox2 through a physical interaction with Oct4; Sox2 induction occurred independent of TEAD2 transcription factor, which is the predominant mediator of YAP1 functions. The binding of Oct4 to YAP1 could be detected in cell lines as well as tumor tissues; the interaction was elevated in NSCLC samples compared to normal tissue as seen by proximity ligation assays. YAP1 bound to Oct4 through the WW domain, and a peptide corresponding to this region could disrupt the interaction. Delivery of the WW domain peptide to stem-like cells disrupted the interaction and abrogated Sox2 expression, self-renewal, and vascular mimicry. Depleting YAP1 reduced the expression of multiple epithelial-mesenchymal transition genes and prevented the growth and metastasis of tumor xenografts in mice; overexpression of Sox2 in YAP1 null cells rescued these functions. These results demonstrate a novel regulation of stem-like functions by YAP1, through the modulation of Sox2 expression. Stem Cells 2015;33:1705–1718
Synthesis and Characterization of N,N‐Di‐substituted Acylthiourea Copper(II) Complexes
Authors: Wu Su‐Yun , Zhao Xiao‐Ya , Li Hai‐Pu , Yang Ying , Roesky Herbert W. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA series of six N,N‐di‐substituted acylthiourea ArC(O)NHC(S)NRR′ ligands (denoted as HLn) [Ar = 1‐Naph: NRR′ = NPh2, HL1 (1); N(iPr)Ph, HL2 (2). Ar = Mes: NRR′ = NPh2, HL4 (3); N(iPr)Ph, HL5 (4); NEt2, HL6 (5). Ar = Ph: NRR′ = N(iPr)Ph, HL8 (6)] were synthesized and characterized. These ligands were deprotonated to form CuII complexes through metathesis or combined redox reaction with copper halides. The structures of the complexes were investigated with single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The reaction of the 1‐naphthalene derivative HL1 (1) with CuBr in the presence of sodium acetate produced cis‐CuL12 (7), where the deprotonated ligand is bound to the CuII atom in a bidentate‐(O, S) coordination mode. Similarly treatment of HL2 (2) with NaOAc and CuCl resulted in the formation of the cis‐arranged product [cis‐CuL22 (8)]. The reaction of mesityl derivative HL4 (3) and CuBr with and without the addition of NaOAc gave the cis‐CuL42 (9) and cis‐(HL4)2CuBr (10), respectively. In contrast, reaction of HL5 (4) and CuI in the presence of NaOAc resulted in trans‐CuL52 (11). Alternatively trans‐CuL62 (12) was obtained by the reaction of diethyl‐substituted HL6 (5) with CuCl2 in the absence of a base.
Skeletal muscle quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance imaging follow‐up of adult Pompe patients
Authors: Carlier Pierre G. , Azzabou Noura , de Sousa Paulo Loureiro , Hicks Arnaud , Boisserie Jean‐Marc , Amadon Alexis , Carlier Robert‐Yves , Wary Claire , Orlikowski David , Laforêt Pascal 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAdult late‐onset Pompe disease is most often a slowly progressive limb‐girdle and spine extensor muscle dystrophy, due to defective lysosomal acid maltase. With the exception of the few patients who present with a dramatically accelerated clinical course, standard diagnostic imaging fail to detect and evaluate disease progression between two successive visits. In muscle dystrophy of very rapid evolution, like the Duchenne disease, quantitative NMR imaging has successfully demonstrated its capacity to objectivate both disease activity and degenerative changes progression over short follow‐up periods. The purpose of this retrospective monocentric open‐label study was to investigate whether quantitative NMR imaging can monitor disease progression in adult Pompe patients despite its very slow nature. Quantitative imaging of Pompe patients succeeded in demonstrating that muscle fatty infiltration increased on average by 0.9 %/year, with the hamstring and adductor muscles showing the fastest degradation. Muscle water T2 mapping revealed that 32 % of all muscles had abnormally high T2 in at least one of two successive examinations. When muscle water T2 was abnormal, fatty degenerative changes were further increased by 0.61 %/year. Enzyme replacement therapy resulted in 0.68 %/year slowdown of the muscle fatty infiltration, in both muscles with normal and high T2s.
Blood Transfusions May Have Limited Effect on Muscle Oxygenation after Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Memtsoudis Stavros G. , Danninger Thomas , Stundner Ottokar , Yoo Daniel , Girardi Federico P. , Boettner Friedrich , Kao Isabelle , Fields Kara G. , Urban Michael K. , Heard Stephen O. , Walz J. Matthias 
Published: March 2015

Background Traditionally, blood transfusions in the perioperative setting are used to maintain adequate delivery of nutrients and oxygen to organs. However, the effect of blood administration on tissue oxygenation in the perioperative setting remains poorly understood. Questions/Purposes The aim of this study was to determine changes in muscle tissue oxygenation saturation (SmO2) in response to perioperative blood transfusions. Patients and Methods Patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty were enrolled. SmO2, continuous hemoglobin (SpHb), stroke volume (SV), cardiac index, and standard hemodynamic parameters including heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), and arterial oxygen saturation (SO2) were recorded. To assess fluid responsiveness, a passive leg raise (PLR) test was performed before the transfusions were started. Results Twenty-eight patients were included in the analysis. Mean (±SD) SmO2 before transfusion was 63.18 ± 10.04%, SpHb was 9.27 ± 1.16 g/dl, and cardiac index was 2.62 ± 0.75 L/min/m2. A significant increase during the course of blood transfusion was found for SmO2 (+3.44 ± 5.81% [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04 to 5.84], p = 0.007), SpHb (0.74 ± 0.92 g/dl [95% CI 0.35 to 1.12], p < 0.001), and cardiac index (0.38 ± 0.51 L/min/m2 [95% CI 0.15 to 0.60], p = 0.002), respectively. However, the correlation between SmO2 and SpHb over the course of the transfusion was negligible ( ρ = 0.25 [95% CI −0.03 to 0.48]). A similar lack of correlation was found when analyzing data of those patients who showed a positive leg raise test before the start of the transfusion ( ρ = 0.37 [95% CI −0.11 to 0.84]). Conclusion We detected a statistically significant increase in SmO2 during the course of a single unit blood transfusion compared to baseline. However, there was no evidence of a correlation between longitudinal SmO2 and SpHb measurements.
Age at Migration, Language Proficiency, and Socioeconomic Outcomes: Evidence From Australia
Authors: Guven Cahit , Islam Asadul 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This study estimates the causal effects of language proficiency on the economic and social integration of Australian immigrants. Identifying the effects of languages on socioeconomic outcomes is inherently difficult owing to the endogeneity of language skills. Using the phenomenon that younger children learn languages more easily than older children, we construct an instrumental variable for language proficiency. To achieve this, we consider the age at arrival of immigrants who came as children from Anglophone and non-Anglophone countries. We find a significant positive effect of English proficiency on wages and promotions among adults who immigrated to Australia as children. Higher levels of English proficiency are associated with increased risk-taking, more smoking, and more exercise for men, but have considerable health benefits for women. English language proficiency has a significant influence on partner choice and a number of social outcomes, as well as on children’s outcomes, including their levels of academic achievement. The results are robust to alternative specifications, including accounting for between-sibling differences and alternative measures of English skills.
The depression distress amplification model in adolescents: A longitudinal examination of anxiety sensitivity cognitive concerns, depression and suicidal ideation
Authors: Capron Daniel W. , Allan Nicholas P. , Ialongo Nicholas S. , Leen‐Feldner Ellen , Schmidt Norman B. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTAdolescents with comorbid anxiety and depression are at significantly increased risk of suicide. The recently proposed depression distress amplification model appears to have promise for explaining the relations between anxiety, depression, and suicidality, but it has not been tested in adolescents. Participants were 524 adolescents followed over two years. Baseline data for the current report were collected by trained interviewers while the adolescents were in eighth grade. Data were obtained in the same manner when the adolescents were in tenth grade. Baseline anxiety sensitivity cognitive concerns significantly predicted suicidal ideation two years later, above and beyond baseline suicidal ideation and depression. Further, consistent with the depression distress amplification model, anxiety sensitivity cognitive concerns interacted with depressive symptoms to predict suicidal ideation. This report extends the empirical and theoretical support for a relationship between anxiety sensitivity cognitive concerns and suicidality.
Brief report: Contextual predictors of African American adolescents' ethnic‐racial identity affirmation‐belonging and resistance to peer pressure☆
Authors: Derlan Chelsea L. , Umaña‐Taylor Adriana J. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTThe current study examined whether contextual factors (i.e., familial cultural socialization, percentage of same‐ethnicity friends in high school, and neighborhood ethnic‐racial composition) predicted ethnic‐racial identity affirmation‐belonging and, in turn, resistance to peer pressure to engage in problem behavior. Participants were 250 African American adolescents (M age = 15.57 years; SD = 1.22). Consistent with ecological theory, findings indicated that familial cultural socialization and percentage of same‐ethnicity friends predicted greater ethnic‐racial identity affirmation‐belonging. Furthermore, consistent with notions from social identity theory, youth who reported higher ethnic‐racial identity affirmation‐belonging also reported greater resistance to peer pressure. Findings highlight the significance of the family and school context, as well as the importance of ethnic‐racial identity affirmation‐belonging, for African American youths' positive development.
Age, sex and personality in early cannabis use
Authors: Muro i Rodríguez A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPrevious studies analysing personality and cannabis use in adult samples suggest that cannabis users show significant higher levels of impulsivity, sensation seeking and schizotypy. However, there are few studies exploring this relationship in adolescence using psychobiological models of personality. Given the relevance of identifying individual differences that lead adolescents to early cannabis use to prevent future health problems, the present study aimed to explore the relationship between age, sex, personality and early cannabis use using a psychobiological model of personality in a sample of 415 students (51.8% boys) from 12 to 18 years. Chi2 tests showed significant higher prevalence of cannabis use in boys and in the group aged 15–18 years. Multiple analysis of variance showed significant higher scores in psychoticism, sensation seeking and in all its subscales in cannabis users group, while an interaction with age was found for extraversion and neuroticism: cannabis users scored higher than non-users in the youngest group (12–14 years) but lower in the oldest group in both dimensions. Finally, regression analysis showed that narrower traits of sensation seeking (experience seeking and disinhibition) were the most associated to early cannabis use. Results are discussed in terms of early cannabis users’ personality profiles and in terms of the self-medication theory.
Deriving Effective Sweep Width for Air-scent Dog Teams
Authors: Chiacchia Kenneth B. , Houlahan Heather E. , Hostetter Rebecca S. 
Published: March 2015

Objective We sought to obtain the first effective sweep widths (ESWs) ever measured for an air-scent search dog unit to compare their performance to historical data from human searchers and to initially test the validity of atmospheric convection as a limiting factor in air-scent search. Methods We used GPS tracks and waypoints to measure lateral hit and miss distances for the dog teams during blinded, randomized training tasks during a 6-year period, calculating ESW using the crossover method. During the tasks we collected weather data for determining convection. We used nonparametric statistics and least-square regression to compare the dog ESW data with historical human data and weather conditions. Results The mean value of ESW for the 4 teams under all conditions was 95 m (95% CI, 44 to 145). The dog teams’ performance was statistically superior to human visual searchers in detecting search subjects in low-visibility colors, but not subjects in high-visibility colors. A nonparametric correlation test of ESW vs convection gave P < .05, suggesting that convection may be an operationally significant factor in air-scent dog performance. Conclusions The ESW methodology is applicable to air-scent dog teams, potentially allowing search managers to make decisions in applying resources operationally, as well as improving accuracy of planning calculations. In addition, the methods described appear to be capable, given more widely representative data, of making valid statistical comparisons between different search modalities and weather and other factors.
Numerical and experimental study of mechanisms responsible for turbulent secondary flows in boundary layer flows over spanwise heterogeneous roughness
Authors: Anderson William , Barros Julio M. , Christensen Kenneth T. , Awasthi Ankit 
Published: March 2015

We study the dynamics of turbulent boundary layer flow over a heterogeneous topography composed of roughness patches exhibiting relatively high and low correlation in the streamwise and spanwise directions, respectively (i.e. the roughness appears as streamwise-aligned ‘strips’). It has been reported that such roughness induces a spanwise-wall normal mean secondary flow in the form of mean streamwise vorticity associated with counter-rotating boundary-layer-scale circulations. Here, we demonstrate that this mean secondary flow is Prandtl’s secondary flow of the second kind, both driven and sustained by spatial gradients in the Reynolds-stress components, which cause a subsequent imbalance between production and dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy that necessitates secondary advective velocities. In reaching this conclusion, we study (i) secondary circulations due to spatial gradients of turbulent kinetic energy, and (ii) the production budgets of mean streamwise vorticity by gradients of the Reynolds stresses. We attribute the secondary flow phenomena to extreme peaks of surface stress on the relatively high-roughness regions and associated elevated turbulence production in the fluid immediately above. An optimized state is attained by entrainment of fluid exhibiting the lowest turbulent stresses – from above – and subsequent lateral ejection in order to preserve conservation of mass.
From holism to compositionality: memes and the evolution of segmentation, syntax, and signification in music and language
Authors: JAN STEVEN 
Published: March 2015

abstractSteven Mithen argues that language evolved from an antecedent he terms “Hmmmmm, [meaning it was]Holistic,manipulative,multi-modal,musical andmimetic”. Owing to certain innate and learned factors, a capacity for segmentation and cross-stream mapping in earlyHomo sapiensbroke the continuous line of Hmmmmm, creating discrete replicated units which, with the initial support of Hmmmmm, eventually became the semantically freighted words of modern language. That which remained after what was a bifurcation of Hmmmmm arguably survived as music, existing as a sound stream segmented into discrete units, although one without the explicit and relatively fixed semantic content of language. All three types of utterance – the parent Hmmmmm, language, and music – are amenable to a memetic interpretation which applies Universal Darwinism to what are understood as language and musical memes. On the basis of Peter Carruthers’ distinction between ‘cognitivism’ and ‘communicativism’ in language, and William Calvin’s theories of cortical information encoding, a framework is hypothesized for the semantic and syntactic associations between, on the one hand, the sonic patterns of language memes (‘lexemes’) and of musical memes (‘musemes’) and, on the other hand, ‘mentalese’ conceptual structures, in Chomsky’s ‘Logical Form’ (LF).
Synergistic effects of high dietary calcium and exogenous parathyroid hormone in promoting osteoblastic bone formation in mice
Authors: Feng Yuxu , Zhou Min , Zhang Qunhu , Liu Huan , Xu Yong , Shu Lei , Zhang Jue , Miao Dengshun , Ren Yongxin 
Published: March 2015

In the present study, we investigated whether high dietary Ca and exogenous parathyroid hormone 1–34 fragments (PTH 1–34) have synergistic effects on bone formation in adult mice, and explored the related mechanisms. Adult male mice were fed a normal diet, a high-Ca diet, a PTH-treated diet, or a high-Ca diet combined with subcutaneously injected PTH 1–34 (80 μg/kg per d) for 4 weeks. Bone mineral density, trabecular bone volume, osteoblast number, alkaline phosphatase (ALP)- and type I collagen-positive areas, and the expression levels of osteoblastic bone formation-related genes and proteins were increased significantly in mice fed the high-Ca diet, the PTH-treated diet, and, even more dramatically, the high-Ca diet combined with PTH. Osteoclast number and surface and the ratio of receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL):osteoprotegerin (OPG) were decreased in the high-Ca diet treatment group, increased in the PTH treatment group, but not in the combined treatment group. Furthermore, third-passage osteoblasts were treated with high Ca (5 mm), PTH 1–34 (10− 8m) or high Ca combined with PTH 1–34. Osteoblast viability and ALP activity were increased in either the high Ca-treated or PTH-treated cultures and, even more dramatically, in the cultures treated with high Ca plus PTH, with consistent up-regulation of the expression levels of osteoblast proliferation and differentiation-related genes and proteins. These results indicate that dietary Ca and PTH play synergistic roles in promoting osteoblastic bone formation by stimulating osteoblast proliferation and differentiation.
Radiofrequency thermotherapy in the treatment of tongue base lymphoid hyperplasia: case report
Authors: Nicoli T K , Gupta S , Kotecha B 
Published: March 2015

AbstractObjective:This paper describes a case where a patient diagnosed with tongue base lymphoid hyperplasia was successfully treated with radiofrequency excision and interstitial radiofrequency-induced thermotherapy.Case report:A 53-year-old female presented with globus sensation, mild dysphagia, nocturnal breathing problems and ‘hot potato voice’ dysphonia. On flexible nasendoscopy, a visible tongue mass was seen to obstruct the posterior oropharynx. On magnetic resonance imaging scans, this mass looked suspicious of lymphoma, but on histology was confirmed to be benign reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. Sleep study findings indicated moderate obstructive sleep apnoea, with an apnoea–hypopnoea index of 18.1 events per hour. She was treated with radiofrequency-induced thermotherapy on three separate occasions.Results:A post-operative sleep study showed a dramatic improvement in the patient's apnoea–hypopnoea index (3.8 events per hour). This correlated well with the improvement in her sleep quality and reduction of snoring. Over the follow-up period, there has been sustained resolution of dyspnoea, with almost total restoration of voice quality.
Complementary control for robots with actuator redundancy: an underwater vehicle application
Authors: Indiveri Giovanni , Malerba Alessandro 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARYComplementary filtering is a frequency based method used to design data processing algorithms exploiting signals with complementary spectra. The technique is mostly used in sensor fusion architectures, but it may also be effective in the design of state estimators. In spite of its potential in several areas of robotics, the complementary filtering paradigm is poorly used as compared to alternative time domain methods. The first part of the paper aims at reviewing the basics of complementary filtering in sensor data processing and linear systems state estimation. The second part of the paper describes how to exploit the main ideas of complementary filtering to design a depth controller for an actuator redundant autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). Unlike with alternative state space methods commonly used to address the design of control solutions for actuator redundant systems, the proposed approach allows to fully exploit the knowledge of frequency characteristics of actuators. Simulation results are reported to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
EUnetHTA INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: DEVELOPMENT AND LESSONS LEARNED
Authors: Chalon Patrice X. , Kraemer Peter 
Published: March 2015

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the techniques used in achieving consensus on common standards to be implemented in the EUnetHTA Information Management System (IMS); and to describe how interoperability between tools was explored.Methods: Three face to face meetings were organized to identify and agree on common standards to the development of online tools. Two tools were created to demonstrate the added value of implementing interoperability standards at local levels. Developers of tools outside EUnetHTA were identified and contacted.Results: Four common standards have been agreed on by consensus; and consequently all EUnetHTA tools have been modified or designed accordingly. RDF Site Summary (RSS) has demonstrated a good potential to support rapid dissemination of HTA information. Contacts outside EUnetHTA resulted in direct collaboration (HTA glossary, HTAi Vortal), evaluation of options for interoperability between tools (CRD HTA database) or a formal framework to prepare cooperation on concrete projects (INAHTA projects database).Conclusions: While being entitled a project on IT infrastructure, the work program was also about people. When having to agree on complex topics, fostering a cohesive group dynamic and hosting face to face meetings brings added value and enhances understanding between partners. The adoption of widespread standards enhanced the homogeneity of the EUnetHTA tools and should thus contribute to their wider use, therefore, to the general objective of EUnetHTA. The initiatives on interoperability of systems need to be developed further to support a general interoperable information system that could benefit the whole HTA community.