bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2667 – Variables Associated to Memory and Learning Outcomes in Psychosis
Authors: Muñoz Negro J.E. , Ibáñez Casas I. , Perán Urquízar C. , Soler Iborte A. , Álvarez Camarero P. , Cervilla Ballesteros J.A. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:The cognitive processes are rather relevant in order to achieve a comprehensive and integrative recovery in schizophrenia and other psychosis.Aim:To research the different variables implied in cognitive outcomes in psychosis in order to increase our knowledge to establish therapeutic interventions in this field.Methods:An overall of 73 patients were included in the study. We used the SCIP and STROOP tests to measure the cognitive processes. We applied a comprehensive questionnaire for clinical and epidemiological variables including PANSS, SGPTS, GAF and SIX. After that, we constructed a binary logistic regression model with the following variables: positive, negative and general psychopathology PANSS subscales, PANSS subtype, first or second generation antipsychotic, stimulant drugs use, tobacco use, sex, age, onset age, number of psychotic episodes, global functioning and family history.Results:Having more than two family members affected by any psychiatric disease was associated to a lesser outcomes in short-term and immediate memory. Likewise higher scoring in positive subscale PANSS was also associated to a worse performance in short-term and long-term memory, so stimulant drugs use was also related to a lesser immediate memory and working memory. Finally, a better global functioning appeared as a factor related to a better overall learning.Conclusions:Our data show that a heavy genetic factor exists as a variable influencing cognitive performance. Moreover, stimulant drugs use and positive symptoms are another variables which can be controlled in order to improve cognitive performance.
2670 – Comorbid Bipolar Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder and History of Suicide Attempts
Authors: Zimmerman M. 
Published: July 2013

Background:Both bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder are associated with elevated rates of completed and attempted suicide. No studies have examined whether there is an additive risk for suicidal behavior in patients diagnosed with both disorders. in the present report from the Rhode Island Methods to Improve Diagnostic Assessment and Services (MIDAS) project we tested the hypothesis that patients diagnosed with both bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder would have a higher rate of suicide attempts than patients with either diagnosis alone.Methods:Three thousand four hundred and sixty-five psychiatric outpatients were interviewed with semi-structured interviews.Results:The suicide attempt rate in both the bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder groups was significantly higher than the rate in patients without either of these disorders. Compared to the bipolar patients without borderline personality disorder, the patients diagnosed with both bipolar and borderline personality disorder were significantly more likely to have made a prior suicide attempt (58.0% vs. 28.9%, p< .001) and to have made multiple suicide attempts (33.3% vs. 16.5%, p< .01). The patients with borderline personality disorder and bipolar disorder were nonsignificantly more likely than the borderline patients without bipolar disorder to have made a prior suicide attempt (58.0% vs. 46.7%, p=n.s.) and to have made multiple suicide attempts (33.3% vs. 24.2%, p=n.s.)Conclusions:While bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder are each risk factors for suicidal behavior, the cooccurrence of these disorders confers an additive risk.
2675 – Pattern Recognition Memory in First-Episode Treat-Naive Deficit and Nondeficit Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Ding L. , Deng W. , Wang Q. , Ma X. , Li M. , Han Y. , Li T. 
Published: July 2013

Objective:To investigate the difference of visual pattern memory among first-episode treatment-naive patients with deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia.Methods:199 first-episode treatment-naive patients with schizophrenia, and 148 controls were recruited. Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome (SDS) was used to categorize the patients into deficit or nondeficit subtype. Pattern Recognition Memory (PRM) was used to test the immediate and delayed mode of visual pattern memory. Positive and Negative Symptom Scale PANSS was used to assess the degree of patients symptoms.Results:The PRM immediate mode and delayed mode percent correct was significant lower and time latency was significant longer in two subtypes of patients. There were no significant difference in the performance of immediate mode of PRM between deficit and nondeficit patients[(86.49 ± 15.34) vs. (87.28 ± 16.00), P=0.960]. But the impairment was more severe in patients with deficit schizophrenia [percent correct (63.10 ± 19.17) vs. (70.69 ± 15.34), P< 0.001 time latency 5086.80 ± 7528.54 vs. 3527.40 ± 3649.08 P=0.024] in the delayed mode. and PRM has no significant correlation with the negative symptoms of deficit schizophrenia.Conclusion:There were significant difference in the performance of immediate and delayed mode of PRM between patients and controls. The difference between first-episode treatment-naïve deficit schizophrenia and nondeficit schizophrenia was only in delayed mode of PRM, and has no correlation with the primary negative symptoms. The deficit schizophrenia is a subtype of schizophrenia with unique impairment of cognitive functions.
2681 – Cognitive Deficits in Unipolar Old-Age Depression: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Pantzar A. , Laukka E. , Atti A.R. , Fratiglioni L. , Bäckman L. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Recognition of cognitive deficits in old-age depression is especially important since they contribute to poor function outcome, have strong implications for coping abilities and treatment compliance. However, substantial variability in cognitive deficits among older depressed persons has been reported. Clinical and demographic characteristics are likely to have contributed to inconsistencies in previous findings.Objective:To assess effects of unipolar depression on cognitive performance in a population-based sample of elderly persons (60+ years).Methods:An extensive cognitive test battery was administered. Eighty-nine persons fulfilled ICD-10 criteria for unipolar depression (mild, n=48; moderate; n=38, severe; n=3) after thorough screening for dementia (DSM-IV criteria), psychiatric comorbidities, antidepressant pharmacotherapy, and lastly preclinical dementia.Results:Unipolar old-age depression was associated with deficits in processing speed, attention, executive function, verbal fluency, and episodic free recall. No depression-related deficits were observed in short-term memory, semantic memory, or spatial ability. Increasing age did not exacerbate the cognitive deficits in old-age depression. The cognitive deficits remained significant after exclusion of persons with preclinical dementia, except free recall, where performance differences were at trend level.Conclusions:Cognitive deficits in unipolar old-age depression involve a number of cognitive domains, and are also present among persons with mild depression. Importantly, no statistically significant performance differences between mild and moderate/severe depression were observed. Given the prevalence of depression in older populations, the impact of this disorder on cognitive functioning may be relatively large at the population level.
2685 – Effectiveness of Life Styles Training on the Reduction of Test Anxiety
Authors: Babazadeh Bora O. , Ahmadi Gatab T. , Mortezazadeh Tori Z. , Vahedi Ghajari A. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction and aim:To improve health entails training how to achieve a normal life and to help individuals at risk avoid high risk behaviors.Instrumentation:The research had an experimental method with pre- and post- test design. Statistical population of the research comprised all Payam-e-noor university students enrolling at academic year 2012-213 in Bobol branch. The studied sample of the research included 40 students dividing into two control and experimental groups, each with 20 students. Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) was used to collect data. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used as criteria for analyzing data, and finally data were transferred to SPSS spreadsheet.Findings:Results from research indicated that a significant difference amongst mean, test anxiety variables, experimental groups before and after implementing lifestyle training program was found. As a result, it could be stated that life style training would result in decreasing test anxiety in university students.Conclusion:All individuals demonstrate some regular patterns of behaviors and habits when they are facing tasks and events in their own life. That pattern represents their life style. There are ample evidence that support the belief that students are affecting by many stressful factors such as worrying, depression, loneliness, failure, anxiety and conflict. Consequently, they should be provided with mental health. Similarly, they should have an opportunity to live a condition where they can be brave enough to encounter the reality of their life in order to adapt themselves to the changes and develop their maximum capacities.
2690 – Promotion of Mental Health in Roma People - Social Representations of Mental Health and Well Being in a Roma Community
Authors: Monteiro A.P. , Francisco I. , Antunes C. , Pereira R. 
Published: July 2013

Background:Gypsies and Travellers have been described as one of the most marginalized minorities in society with poor living conditions which are known to have a negative effect on health. Published research on the mental health needs of the Roma population is sparse. Knowledge of Social representations of mental health is fundamental for improving mental illness prevention strategies and mental health education programmes targeted to Roma people.Aim:The aim of this research was to understand the Social representations of mental health among a group of Roma people in the center of Portugal (city of Coimbra).Methods:This study covered twenty Roma children aged 6 to 11, in a Basic school located in a Roma neighborhood, as well as a group of adults and Roma families. Qualitative methodologies were used in data collection: semi-structured interviews, analysis of documents and Focus Group techniques.Results:Findings suggest that social representations of mental health and emotional well-being in Roma participants have a strong holistic and integrative component. There is no marked cleavage between the concept of “physical health” and “mental health.” in this group, the notions of mental health and emotional well-being appear to be strongly associated with the welfare of the family - including extended family -, in addition to the individual's own emotional well-being.Conclusions:Mental health interventions with Roma community members must meet their social representations relating to mental health, access to mental health provision and contacts with mental health professionals,
2698 – Interhemispheric Asymmetry in OCD Patients an Study Using Non Linear Analysis of Meg Recordings
Authors: de la Vega D.C. , Ibaez Cuadrado A. , Saiz Ruiz J. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by the presence of obsessions and compulsions that cause emotional distress and affect different aspects of a patient's life which are clinically significant. Experts have developed an OCD model which involves hyperactivity in certain subcortical and cortical regions.Objectives:To study the differences in the cerebral activity between control and OCD group using Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZC) algorithm, specially focused in the presence of an interhemispheric asymmetry.Methods:We analyzed the magnetoencephalographic recordings of 13 patients diagnosed of OCD (DSM and ICD) and 60 healthy controls, using the LZC algorithm. Statistical analysis, using SSPS 19.0, included Wilcoxon signed rank and correlation Tests.Results:LZC values were smaller in the OCD than in the control group. An asymmetry between both lateral regions was found in the OCD sample but not in the controls.We studied the difference between the Pearson correlation coefficients (left and right values) between OCD and controls, which was statistically significant.Conclusions:Although we know that in humans normal variation and specialization produce asymmetries of function and structure leading to an asymmetry between brain hemispheres, it seems to be more important in some mental disorders. The presence of an asymmetry between both lateral regions is a conclusion found in previous neurophysiological works and that must be integrated in the neuroanatomical model of the disorder.
2723 – Risk and Protective Factors for Suicidality Among Croatian War Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Grkovic J. , Franciskovic T. , Sukovic Z. 
Published: July 2013

There are limited data about suicidality among Croatian war veterans. The present study is aimed to assess correlation between suicidality and possible risk and protective factors in PTSD patients.Method:The sample consisted of 123 war veterans who completed Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire (SBQ-R), Reasons for Living Inventory (RFL-48), General Health Questionnaire - subscale for suicidal behavior (GHQ), Hopkins Symptom Checklist Depression Scale (HSCL-25) and Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ).Results indicated that suicidality is correlated with higher PTSD and depression scores, and negatively correlated with reported reasons for living. We discuss our results in terms of their use and applicability in everyday work with patients who are in suicidal risk.
2739 – Drug Interactions in a Regional Secure Unit
Authors: Rasquinha N. , Patil P. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Polypharmacy continues to be a major concern in psychiatry. Besides the risk of unintended and untoward pharmacological interactions, it carries the potential to cause prescriber liability and increased healthcare costs. Although polypharmacy has been commonly reported in forensic units, there have been no studies examining potentially serious pharmacological interactions in secure settings.Aims and objectives:To identify the prevalence of potential pharmacological interactions through a cross-sectional study of prescribing patterns in a medium secure unit in the UK.Methods:Medications prescribed for all 43 patients on 3 male medium secure wards in London in September 2012 were analyzed for potential pharmacological interactions using the Medscape Drug Database/Interaction checker.Results:A total of 233 regular and 113 ‘as required (p.r.n)’ medications were prescribed. 98 medications were psychotropic and 248 were physical health related. 284 potential pharmacological interactions were present with an average of 6.6 interactions per patient (1-28), involving 31 of the 43 patients(72.09%). These interactions were categorized into four groups: 1.Contraindicated (4.65% of patients;2 interactions) 2.Serious-Use Alternative(30.23% patients;20 interactions) 3.Significant- Monitor Closely(69.6% patients; 232 interactions) and 4.Minor(39.53% patients;30 interactions). Interestingly, 65% of contraindicated/serious interactions involved non-psychotropic medication.Conclusions:The findings highlight the high prevalence of potential pharmacological interactions in the forensic population. The challenging presentations in forensic psychiatry often necessitate ‘p.r.n. prescribing’ and medication augmentation to treat partial response. However, this can lead to unpredictable and dangerous interactions. Clinicians should be mindful of the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic implications prior to prescribing psychotropic and non-psychotropic drugs.
2767 – Creating An Educational Intervention to Raise Mental Health Awareness and Tackle Stigma in Adolescents in the Uk: ‘headucate’
Authors: Parker S. , Robertson C. , Allen N. , Beezhold J. , Bhutto A. , Laverack R. , Parry L. , Piper L. , Smith R. , Wade T. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Against a backdrop of poor mental health education in UK schools a group of students from Norwich Medical School have formed a student society called ‘Headucate’ in order to create, deliver and evaluate an educational intervention for adolescents, initially to be delivered in Norfolk schools.Objectives:To create an educational intervention that:Is the length of a standard lessonIs age appropriate and acceptableContains appropriate signpostingContains content that challenges common myths and replaces them with knowledgeContains content that encourages empathy and understanding towards those with mental illnessesIs easily delivered in the same way each time so that its effectiveness can be evaluatedAim:To create an intervention effective at tackling stigma and empowering adolescents to recognise signs of poor mental health and access services appropriately.Methods:Lesson plan created after consultation with psychiatrists, a psychologist, a GP, a university outreach professional, a teacher and secondary school age children, then trialled and revised.Results:Interactive workshop produced with 5 sections.1)Myth vs Fact activity that dispels prevalent myths2)Scenario based activity to demonstrate that mental health is a spectrum3)An interactive presentation covering the most common mental illnesses and their symptoms4)An activity focusing on talking to those with mental illnesses, furthering the scenario from the previous activity5)A question and answer session. Every student leaves with a leaflet containing appropriate signposting.Conclusion:We have created an educational intervention ready to be delivered and evaluated.
2768 – Preliminary Investigation of Separation Anxiety and Gambling Behaviour: Age of Onset and Correlations of Severity
Authors: Pascucci M. , De Angelis A. , Bruschi A. , Grandinetti P. , Salvador E. , Solaroli S. , Janiri L. , Pozzi G. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Pathological Gambling (PG) includes extremely different types of game and many gamblers suffer from anxiety disorders. According to the self-medication hypothesis, Gambling Behaviour may be a strategy to tolerate suffering and compensate uneasiness; otherwise social problems related to gambling may lead to anxiety disorders, possibly unmasking an adult form of Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD).Aims:To investigate possible relationships between PG and SAD, considering the different games, the age of onset, the symptom severity, and the distinction between Adult and Child SAD.Methods:32 gamblers attending an outpatient psychiatric clinic completed the following tests: SOGS and ASI to investigate the kind of gambling, the age of onset and the social conditions of gamblers; SCI-SAS, SASI, ASA-27 to evaluate the Separation Anxiety in childhood and adulthood; HAM-A; GAF.Results:There are statistically significant correlations between later age of onset of PG and development of SAD in adults. Higher scores in GAF are related to lower scores in Separation Anxiety scales and HAM-A. There is a strong inter-correlation among the Separation Anxiety scales. Higher scores in HAM-A correlate with higher scores in SASI and ASA-27. Male gamblers have an earlier onset and increasing with the age of onset increases the addiction to “dissociative” games instead of “active” ones.Conclusions:Our preliminary data do not support self-medication hypothesis; possibly, a later-onset gambling is related to a more neurotic and less impulsive psychopathological pattern.
2777 – Mechanisms of Suicidogenesis in Different Variants of Depressive Disorders
Authors: Maruta N.O. , Kutikov O.Y. , Denysenko M.M. , Kharchenko A.V. 
Published: July 2013

The aim of the study was to investigate clinical-psychopathological and pathopsychological peculiarities of suicidal behavior in patients with endogenous and exogenous depressions in order to develop principles of differential therapy and prevention for these patients.Depressed patients with suicidal behavior (120 persons; main group) and without one (30 persons; control group) were examined with clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic and psychometric methods.Combined psychogenias prevailed among factors of psychic traumatization (loneliness - 44.2%, job dissatisfaction - 28.3%, worsening of well-being - 24.2%, and loss of job - 23.3%).In a clinical picture there was predominance of anxious (50.8%) and somatic-autonomous (46.6%) variants of the syndrome, less often asthenic (24.2%) and melancholic (22.5%), and rarely obsessive (5.8%) and tearful (5.0%) variants were pointed out. in the patient of the control group asthenic (76.6%) and adynamic (56.6%) variants of depressive syndrome were prevailed. Patients of the main group with endogenous depressions more often had anxious (70.0%), melancholic (45.0%), and senesthopathic (31.6%) variants; patients with exogenous depressions had somatic-autonomous (65.0%) and asthenic (43.3%) variants.A differential system for crisis therapy and prevention of suicidal behavior in depressions was developed. It included pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy (in three stages: rational psychotherapy for a crisis support, group psychotherapy for a crisis intervention, cognitive-behavioral therapy for prevention). This system had a higher therapeutic efficacy as compared with methods used traditionally (recovery - 59.5% vs. 35.1% (p< 0.05); a significant amelioration - 23.8% vs. 21.6%; amelioration - 7.1% vs. 16.2%; without dynamics - 9.5% vs. 18.9%; aggravation - 0% vs. 8.1%).
2780 – The Influence of Shift Work on Cognitive Functions and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Ozdemir P.G. , Selvi Y. , Ozkol H. , Aydin A. , Tuluce Y. , Boysan M. , Besiroglu L. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:The shift work has various negative influences on health, performance, activity, and social relationships as well as causing impairment in cognitive functions.Objective:We aimed to investigate the effects of shift work on participants’ cognitive functions in terms of memory, attention and learning, and on oxidative stress indicated by total oxidant status, total antioxidant capacity, and oxidative stress index.Methods:90 health workers participated in the study (45 subjects were night shift workers). The neuropsychological tests were applied to the participants for assessing the cognitive functions and blood samples were taken to detect their total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant at 8.00 in the morning. Depression, anxiety, chronobiological characteristics, cognitive functions were assessed by using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Morningness- Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), Wechsler Memory Scale- Revised (WMS-R), Auditory-Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) and Stroop Test.Results:Night shift workers reported significantly lower scores on the verbal memory, the attention-concentration, and the digit span forward sub-scales of the WMS-R as well as the immediate memory and the total learning sub-scales of the AVLT. Oxidative stress parameters were significantly associated with some types of the cognitive functions in both groups.Conclusion:The findings suggest that health workers in night shift generally revealed significantly poorer performance in cognitive assessment as compared to day shift workers. The oxidative stress indicators associated with the cognitive functioning.