bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infarct Tissue Heterogeneity by Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Is a Novel Predictor of Mortality in Patients With Chronic Coronary Artery Disease and Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Watanabe Eri , Abbasi Siddique A. , Heydari Bobak , Coelho-Filho Otavio R. , Shah Ravi , Neilan Tomas G. , Murthy Venkatesh L. , Mongeon François-Pierre , Barbhaiya Chirag , Jerosch-Herold Michael , Blankstein Ron , Hatabu Hiroto , van der Geest Robert J. , Stevenson William G. , Kwong Raymond Y. 
Published: October 2014

Background—
Strategies for prevention of sudden cardiac death focus on severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, although most sudden cardiac death postmyocardial infarction occurs in patients with mild/moderate LV dysfunction. We tested the hypothesis that infarct heterogeneity by cardiac magnetic resonance is associated with mortality beyond LV ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with coronary artery disease and LV dysfunction. In addition, we examined the association between infarct heterogeneity and mortality in those with LVEF >35%.

Methods and Results—

We studied 301 patients with coronary artery disease and LV dysfunction referred for cardiac magnetic resonance. We quantified total infarct mass, infarct core mass, and peri-infarct zone (PIZ) normalized for total infarct mass (%PIZ) using signal-intensity criteria of >2 SDs, >3 SDs, and 2- to -3 SDs above remote myocardium, respectively. Mean LVEF was 41±14%. After 3.9 years median follow-up, 66 (22%) patients died (13 sudden cardiac death; 33 with LVEF >35%). In patients with LVEF >35%, below-median %PIZ carried an annual death rate of 2.8% versus 12% in patients with above-median %PIZ (
P
<0.001). In a multivariable model, %PIZ maintained strong association with mortality adjusted to patient age, LVEF, right ventricular ejection fraction, prolonged QT interval, and total infarct size and resulted in improve risk reclassification 0.492 (95% confidence interval, 0.183–0.817).

Conclusions—
Cardiac magnetic resonance infarct heterogeneity has a strong association with mortality independent of LVEF in patients with coronary artery disease and LV dysfunction, particularly in patients with mild or moderate LV dysfunction. Further studies incorporating cardiac magnetic resonance in clinical decision making for defibrillator therapy are warranted.
A New Model of Current Retroflection Applied to the Westward Protrusion of the Agulhas Current
Authors: Arruda Wilton , Zharkov Volodymyr , Deremble Bruno , Nof Doron , Chassignet Eric 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The dynamics of current retroflection and rings shedding are not yet fully understood. In this paper, the authors develop an analytical model of the Agulhas Current retroflection dynamics using three simple laws: conservation of volume, momentum balance, and Bernoulli’s principle. This study shows that, for a retroflecting current with a small Rossby number, this theoretical model is in good agreement with numerical simulations of a reduced-gravity isopycnal model. Otherwise, the retroflection position becomes unstable and quickly propagates upstream, leaving a chain of eddies in its path. On the basis of these findings, the authors hypothesize that the westward protrusion of the Agulhas retroflection and the local “zonalization” of the Agulhas Current after it passes the Agulhas Bank are stable only for small Rossby numbers. Otherwise, the retroflection shifts toward the eastern slope of the Agulhas Bank, where its position stabilizes due to the slanted configuration of the slope. This study shows that this scenario is in good agreement with several high-resolution numerical models.
Mental health professionals’ perspectives on the implementation of smoke-free policies in psychiatric units across England
Authors: Lawn Sharon , Feng Yi , Tsourtos George , Campion Jonathan 
Published: October 2014

Background: The original audit on which this 2013 secondary analysis is based, was conducted in 2010. It explored implementation of smoke-free policies from the perspective of unit managers in 147 psychiatric units across England comprising a randomly selected sample of nine different unit types. Material: Two main themes are presented: positive perspectives of smoke-free policy implementation, and barriers and problems with smoke-free policy implementation. Analysis of unit managers’ experiences and perspectives found that 96% of participants thought smoke-free policy had achieved positive outcomes for staff, patients, services and care. Discussion: Consistency of response was the most prominent factor associated with policy success. Quality of the physical environment and care delivery were clear positive outcomes which enabled the environment to be more conducive to supporting staffs’ and patients’ quit attempts. Lack of consistency and a prevailing culture of acceptance of smoking were identified as some of the most reported perceived continuing problems. Solutions included the need to acknowledge that this type of complex systems change takes time and ongoing staff education and training. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate the importance of taking into account the experiences and attitudes of staff responsible for enacting smoke-free policy.
A Pilot Study on the Protein Composition of Induced Nonpuerperal Human Milk
Authors: Perrin Maryanne Tigchelaar , Wilson Erica , Chetwynd Ellen , Fogleman April 
Published: October 2014

Background: Our understanding of the components of human puerperal milk is extensive and increasing, yet the literature on nonpuerperal human milk has been limited to studies that measure the success of induced lactation. Objective: This study aimed to describe the composition of total protein and key bioactive proteins when lactation is induced in nonpuerperal women. Methods: Two women who induced lactation in the absence of pregnancy provided weekly milk samples over a 2-month period for analysis of total protein, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), lysozyme, and lactoferrin. Composition was compared to the mature milk of 3 puerperal control subjects who were 11 months postpartum. Results: Median total protein for subject A was 2.30 g/dL (interquartile range [IQR] = 0.46) and showed a significant downward trend over time ( P < .0001), whereas the median total protein for subject B was 2.21 g/dL (IQR = 0.18) and showed a nonsignificant decline ( P = .232). Total protein in both nonpuerperal subjects was elevated compared to control subjects. Secretory IgA activity declined for both nonpuerperal subjects over time, whereas lysozyme concentrations increased over time. Both sIgA and lysozyme approached the levels seen in the puerperal controls. Lactoferrin levels remained stable for both nonpuerperal subjects and were elevated compared to puerperal milk samples. Conclusion: This pilot study suggests that nonpuerperal milk has similar or higher levels of total protein, sIgA, lactoferrin, and lysozyme compared to puerperal, mature milk at 11 months postpartum, which warrants more attention as adoptive mothers increasingly choose to induce lactation.
Burnout among trauma social workers: The contribution of personal and environmental resources
Authors: Ben-Porat Anat , Itzhaky Haya 
Published: October 2014

Summary In recent years, there has been increasing research interest in the negative consequences for therapists of working with trauma victims. In that context, burnout is a major concept used in the literature. One of the main questions examined in the literature relates to the factors that contribute to burnout. This question is particularly relevant to therapists working with trauma victims, but has hardly been examined among that population. To fill this gap, the present study sought to examine burnout among therapists working with trauma victims. In addition, we examined the contribution of the therapists’ background characteristics as well as the contribution of their personal resources (mastery, self-esteem, and role competence), and environmental resources (social and colleagues support). The study was conducted among a sample of 214 social workers who work with trauma victims at social services in Israel. Findings The research findings indicate that the participants’ levels of burnout were average. In addition, the therapist’s age, past exposure to trauma, self-esteem, and mastery, as well as influence (as a component of role competence) contributed significantly to burnout. Applications The study sheds light on the negative consequences of therapeutic work for therapists, and on the factors that lead to those consequences. The findings indicate that the impact of the therapists’ personal resources was more significant than that of environmental resources.
Effects of Adipokines and Insulin on Intracellular pH, Calcium Concentration, and Responses to Hypo-Osmolarity in Human Articular Chondrocytes from Healthy and Osteoarthritic Cartilage
Authors: Sánchez Julio C. , López-Zapata Diego F. 
Published: October 2014

Objective: To evaluate the effects of adipokines and insulin on intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and pH (pHi) in human articular chondrocytes from healthy (CHC) and osteoarthritic cartilage (COC). Design: pHi and [Ca2+]i were measured using BCECF and Fura-2 fluorometric probes in CHC and COC under control conditions and following a hypotonic shock. The effects of interleukin-1β (IL1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), insulin, leptin, resistin, and adiponectin were assessed. Results: pHi was lower in COC than in CHC. Only IL1β β decreased pHi in both cell types; all the agents enhanced pHi recovery following an ammonium prepulse in CHC, effect that was attenuated by Na+–H+ exchanger inhibitors, but they had no effect in COC. Hypotonic shock (HTS) caused a pHi increase, which was significantly smaller in COC. All the hormones attenuated this response and the effect of IL1β was greater. The basal [Ca2+]i was similar in COC and CHC; IL1β, TNFα, and insulin increased the [Ca2+]i, but leptin, resistin, and adiponectin did not. These effects were greater in COC. This [Ca2+]i increase was dependent on extracellular Ca2+ and attenuated by Na+–Ca2+ exchanger inhibitors. HTS caused a [Ca2+]i increase, which was inhibited by transient receptor potential vanilloid blockers and attenuated by all the hormones tested with the exception of adiponectin. Conclusions: These findings may help explain the association between obesity and osteoarthritis, in which these hormones are altered. The responses of CHC and COC are different, which suggests that a modification of pH and Ca2+ homeostasis is part of the osteoarthritis pathophysiology.
Long-term outcome of radical cystectomy – metropolitan Australia experience
Authors: Chen Emily C , McCahy Philip , Ranashinha Sanjeeva , Frydenberg Mark 
Published: October 2014

Objective: The objective of this article is to review the 10-year clinical outcomes of radical cystectomy (RC) for the treatment of localised bladder cancer from a major Australian metropolitan urology unit. Material and methods: A retrospective analysis identified prognostic factors that contributed to survival outcome in the 120 patients that underwent RC between 1998 and 2008. Patients with benign disease of the urinary bladder ( n = 10) and those with inadequate follow-up information ( n = 11) were excluded. Results: Complete data were available for 99 patients. The five-year survival for pT1, pT2, pT3 and pT4 was 36%, 47%, 22% and 0, respectively. Lymphadenectomy was not routinely performed as part of RC early in the study period. Multiple surgeons were involved in the cystectomy program. Conclusion: Long-term outcome of RC was considerably different from other published cystectomy series. Postulated reasons include: delay to surgery, surgeon/unit volume and underuse of pelvic lymphadenectomy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The establishment of a bladder cancer registry as well as practice guidelines are needed to improve future outcomes.
Diagnostic criteria for adverse health effects in the environs of wind turbines
Authors: McMurtry Robert Y , Krogh Carmen ME 
Published: October 2014

Summary In an effort to address climate change, governments have pursued policies that seek to reduce greenhouse gases. Alternative energy, including wind power, has been proposed by some as the preferred approach. Few would debate the need to reduce air pollution, but the means of achieving this reduction is important not only for efficiency but also for health protection. The topic of adverse health effects in the environs of industrial wind turbines (AHE/IWT) has proven to be controversial and can present physicians with challenges regarding the management of an exposure to IWT. Rural physicians in particular must be aware of the possibility of people presenting to their practices with a variety of sometimes confusing complaints. An earlier version of the diagnostic criteria for AHE/IWT was published in August 2011. A revised case definition and a model for a study to establish a confirmed diagnosis is proposed.
Thrombocytopenia impairs host defense in gram-negative pneumonia–derived sepsis in mice
Authors: de Stoppelaar Sacha F. , van ’t Veer Cornelis , Claushuis Theodora A. M. , Albersen Bregje J. A. , Roelofs Joris J. T. H. , van der Poll Tom 
Published: October 2014

Key Points
Severe thrombocytopenia is associated with a strongly impaired host defense during pneumonia-derived Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis. Platelet counts between 5 and 13 × 109/L of normal prevent bleeding and confer protection against distant organ damage during gram-negative sepsis.
Algorithms with variant anchors for pseudocontractive mappings
Authors: Guo Lijin , Kang Shin Min , Jung Chahn Yong 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to find the fixed points of pseudocontractive mappings by using the iterative technique. Two algorithms with variant anchors have been introduced. Strong convergence results are given. Especially, we can find the minimum-norm fixed point of pseudocontractive mappings.

MSC:47H05, 47H10, 47H17.
DIHAT: Differential Integrator Handover Algorithm with TTT window for LTE-based systems
Authors: Chen Xianda , Kim Kyung Tae , Lee Byungjun , Youn Hee Yong 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Handover is one of the key operations in the mobility management of long-term evolution (LTE)-based systems. Hard handover decided by handover margin and time to trigger (TTT) has been adopted in third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) LTE with the purpose of reducing the complexity of network architecture. Various handover algorithms, however, have been proposed for 3GPP LTE to maximize the system goodput and minimize packet delay. In this paper, a new handover approach enhancing the existing handover schemes is proposed. It is mainly based on the two notions of handover management: lazy handover for avoiding ping-pong effect and early handover for handling real-time services. Lazy handover is supported by disallowing handover before the TTT window expires, while early handover is supported even before the window expires if the rate change in signal power is very large. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated and compared with two well-known handover algorithms based on goodput per cell, average packet delay, number of handovers per second, and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio. The simulation with LTE-Sim reveals that the proposed scheme significantly enhances the goodput while reducing packet delay and unnecessary handover.
BioPhytMol: a drug discovery community resource on anti-mycobacterial phytomolecules and plant extracts
Authors: Sharma Arun , Dutta Prasun , Sharma Maneesh , Rajput Neeraj Kumar , Dodiya Bhavna , Georrge John J , Kholia Trupti , Bhardwaj Anshu ,   OSDD Consortium
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Background
Tuberculosis (TB) is the second leading cause of death from a single infectious organism, demanding attention towards discovery of novel anti-tubercular compounds. Natural products or their derivatives have provided more than 50% of all existing drugs, offering a chemically diverse space for discovery of novel drugs.

Description
BioPhytMol has been designed to systematically curate and analyze the anti-mycobacterial natural product chemical space. BioPhytMol is developed as a drug-discovery community resource with anti-mycobacterial phytomolecules and plant extracts. Currently, it holds 2582 entries including 188 plant families (692 genera and 808 species) from global flora, manually curated from literature. In total, there are 633 phytomolecules (with structures) curated against 25 target mycobacteria. Multiple analysis approaches have been used to prioritize the library for drug-like compounds, for both whole cell screening and target-based approaches. In order to represent the multidimensional data on chemical diversity, physiochemical properties and biological activity data of the compound library, novel approaches such as the use of circular graphs have been employed.

Conclusion
BioPhytMol has been designed to systematically represent and search for anti-mycobacterial phytochemical information. Extensive compound analyses can also be performed through web-application for prioritizing drug-like compounds. The resource is freely available online at http://ab-openlab.csir.res.in/biophytmol/.
Cost Effectiveness of Molecular Profiling for Adjuvant Decision Making in Patients With Node-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Bonastre Julia , Marguet Sophie , Lueza Beranger , Michiels Stefan , Delaloge Suzette , Saghatchian Mahasti 
Published: October 2014

Purpose To conduct an economic evaluation of the 70-gene signature used to guide adjuvant chemotherapy decision making both in patients with node-negative breast cancer (NNBC) and in the subgroup of estrogen receptor (ER) –positive patients. Patients and Methods We used a mixed approach combining patient-level data from a multicenter validation study of the 70-gene signature (untreated patients) and secondary sources for chemotherapy efficacy, unit costs, and utility values. Three strategies on which to base the decision to administer adjuvant chemotherapy were compared: the 70-gene signature, Adjuvant! Online, and chemotherapy in all patients. In the base-case analysis, costs from the French National Insurance Scheme, life-years (LYs), and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were computed for the three strategies over a 10-year period. Cost-effectiveness acceptability curves using the net monetary benefit were computed, combining bootstrap and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Results The mean differences in LYs and QALYs were similar between the three strategies. The 70-gene signature strategy was associated with a higher cost, with a mean difference of €2,037 (range, €1,472 to €2,515) compared with Adjuvant! Online and of €657 (95% CI, −€642 to €3,130) compared with systematic chemotherapy. For a €50,000 per QALY willingness-to-pay threshold, the probability of being the most cost-effective strategy was 92% (76% in ER-positive patients) for the Adjuvant! Online strategy, 6% (4% in ER-positive patients) for the systematic chemotherapy strategy, and 2% (20% in ER-positive patients) for the 70-gene strategy. Conclusion Optimizing adjuvant chemotherapy decision making based on the 70-gene signature is unlikely to be cost effective in patients with NNBC.
Patterns and Predictors of Unplanned Hospitalization in a Population-Based Cohort of Elderly Patients With GI Cancer
Authors: Manzano Joanna-Grace M. , Luo Ruili , Elting Linda S. , George Marina , Suarez-Almazor Maria E. 
Published: October 2014

Purpose Hospitalizations among patients with cancer are common and costly and, if unplanned, may interrupt oncologic treatment. The rate of unplanned hospitalizations in the population of elderly patients with cancer is unknown. We sought to describe and quantify patterns and risk factors for early unplanned hospitalization among elderly patients with GI cancer. Patients and Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study using linked Texas Cancer Registry and Medicare claims data from 2001 to 2009. Texas residents age 66 years or older initially diagnosed with GI cancer between 2001 and 2007 were included in the study. The unplanned hospitalization rate was estimated, and reasons for unplanned hospitalization were evaluated. Risk factors were identified using adjusted Cox proportional hazards modeling. Results Thirty thousand one hundred ninety-nine patients were included in our study, 59% of whom had one or more unplanned hospitalizations. Of 60,837 inpatient claims, 58% were unplanned. The rate of unplanned hospitalization was 93 events per 100 person-years. The most common reasons for unplanned hospitalization were fluid and electrolyte disorders, intestinal obstruction, and pneumonia. Multivariable analysis showed that black race; residing in census tracts with poverty levels greater than 13.3%; esophageal, gastric, and pancreatic cancer; advanced disease stage; high Charlson comorbidity index score; and dual eligibility for Medicare and Medicaid increased the risk for unplanned hospitalization (all P values < .05). Conclusion Unplanned hospitalizations among elderly patients with GI cancer are common. Some of the top reasons for unplanned hospitalization are potentially preventable, suggesting that comorbidity management and close coordination among involved health care providers should be promoted.
Hepatitis B Reactivation in Patients With Previous Hepatitis B Virus Exposure Undergoing Rituximab-Containing Chemotherapy for Lymphoma: A Prospective Study
Authors: Seto Wai-Kay , Chan Thomas S.Y. , Hwang Yu-Yan , Wong Danny Ka-Ho , Fung James , Liu Kevin Sze-Hang , Gill Harinder , Lam Yuk-Fai , Lie Albert K.W. , Lai Ching-Lung , Kwong Yok-Lam , Yuen Man-Fung 
Published: October 2014

Purpose Patterns of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) –negative, antihepatitis B core antigen antibody (anti-HBc) –positive patients with lymphoma receiving rituximab-containing chemotherapy have not been well described. Patients and Methods HBsAg-negative, anti-HBc–positive Chinese patients with undetectable serum HBV DNA (< 10 IU/mL), diagnosed with hematologic malignancies and receiving rituximab-containing chemotherapy, were prospectively monitored every 4 weeks for up to 2 years. Entecavir was started when HBV reactivation (defined as detectable HBV DNA) was encountered. Results Among 260 patients receiving rituximab-containing chemotherapy, 63 patients (24.2%) who were HBsAg negative and anti-HBc positive underwent follow-up for a median of 70 weeks (range, 6 to 104 weeks). The 2-year cumulative rate of HBV reactivation was 41.5%, occurring at a median of 23 weeks (range, 4 to 100 weeks) after rituximab treatment. The median HBV DNA level at reactivation was 43 IU/mL (range, 14 to 920 IU/mL). A baseline undetectable antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs; < 10 mIU/mL) was the only significant risk factor that was positively associated with HBV reactivation (hazard ratio, 3.51; 95% CI, 1.37 to 8.98; P = .009). Patients with negative baseline anti-HBs, compared with those with positive anti-HBs, had a significantly higher 2-year cumulative rate of HBV reactivation (68.3% v 34.4%; P = .012). At HBV reactivation, all patients had normal ALT, and all patients but one were HBsAg negative. Entecavir successfully controlled HBV reactivation in all patients. Conclusion A high rate of HBV reactivation was observed in HBsAg-negative, anti-HBc–positive patients undergoing rituximab-containing chemotherapy, with the risk of reactivation significantly higher in anti-HBs–negative patients. Periodic HBV DNA monitoring was an effective strategy in preventing HBV-related complications.