bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CtBP2 contributes to malignant development of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulation of p16INK4A
Authors: Guan Chengqi , Shi Hui , Wang Huijie , Zhang Jianguo , Ni Wenkai , Chen Buyou , Hou Sicong , Yang Xiaojing , Shen Aiguo , Ni Runzhou 
Published: December 2012

AbstractC‐terminal binding protein‐2 (CtBP2), as a transcriptional co‐repressor, has been shown to mediate the repression of p16INK4A, a tumor suppressor gene product, in primary human cells. Here we aimed to investigate how the correlation between CtBP2 and p16INK4A influenced the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Immunohistochemistry of ESCC tissue sections indicated that the CtBP2 and p16INK4A expressions were inversely correlated to each other with a linear regression coefficient of −0.747 (P < 0.05), and Western blot analysis revealed that CtBP2 was higher expressed in tumorous tissues than in adjacent non‐tumorous tissues. Either CtBP2 or p16INK4A expression was significantly related to histological differentiation (P = 0.016 or 0.001) and to the expression of Ki‐67, a proliferating marker (P = 0.006 or 0.02), and patients with higher CtBP2 and lower p16INK4A expressions had shorter overall survival. We also observed that CtBP2 modulated the cell proliferation and cell cycle in ECA109 cells, an ESCC cell line, by inhibiting p16INK4A. Overexpression or knockdown of CtBP2 in ECA109 cells was found to inhibit or activate the mRNA or protein expression of p16INK4A, which in turn altered the cell proliferation and cell cycle in ECA109 cells, as measured by flow cytometry and cell count assay. Additionally, after ECA109 cells silenced for CtBP2 were treated with cisplatin (an anti‐ESCC agent), the p16INK4A expression was up‐regulated, and the cell apoptosis was promoted, thus confirming the repression of p16INK4A by CtBP2. Collectively, all results suggested that CtBP2 might contribute to the progression of ESCC through a negative transcriptional regulation of p16INK4A. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 1343–1354, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Disruption of immune regulation by microbial pathogens and resulting chronic inflammation
Authors: Barth Kenneth , Remick Daniel G. , Genco Caroline A. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractActivation of the immune response is a tightly regulated, coordinated effort that functions to control and eradicate exogenous microorganisms, while also responding to endogenous ligands. Determining the proper balance of inflammation is essential, as chronic inflammation leads to a wide array of host pathologies. Bacterial pathogens can instigate chronic inflammation via an extensive repertoire of evolved evasion strategies that perturb immune regulation. In this review, we discuss two model pathogens, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Porphyromonas gingivalis, which efficiently escape various aspects of the immune system within professional and non‐professional immune cell types to establish chronic inflammation. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 1413–1422, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization of WWOX inactivation in murine mammary gland development
Authors: Abdeen Suhaib K. , Salah Zaidoun , Khawaled Saleh , Aqeilan Rami I. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe WW domain‐containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) is commonly inactivated in multiple human cancers, including breast cancer. Wwox null mice die prematurely precluding adult tumor analysis. Nevertheless, aging Wwox‐heterozygous mice at C3H genetic background develop higher incidence of mammary tumors. We recently generated a Wwox conditional knockout mouse in which loxp sites flank exon 1 in the Wwox allele and showed that total ablation of WWOX in these mice resembles that of conventional targeting of Wwox. Here, we report the characterization of WWOX ablation in mouse mammary gland using MMTV‐Cre transgenic line. We demonstrated that WWOX ablation leads to impaired mammary ductal growth. Moreover, targeted deletion of WWOX is associated with increased levels of fibronectin, a component of the extracellular matrix. In addition, we showed that shRNA knockdown of WWOX in MCF10A breast epithelial cells dramatically increased fibronectin and is associated with enhanced cell survival and impaired growth in three‐dimensional culture Matrigel assay. Taken together our results are consistent with a critical role for WWOX in normal breast development and tumorigenesis. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 1391–1396, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Advancement of Criminal Profiling Methods in Faceted Multidimensional Analysis
Authors: Goodwill Alasdair M. , Stephens Skye , Oziel Sandra , Sharma Shankari , Allen Jared C. , Bowes Nicola , Lehmann Robert 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe current study seeks to advance the faceted multidimensional scaling (termed FMDS) procedure used in much of the investigative psychology research. To this end, recent research on street robbery by Goodwill and colleagues will be utilised to illustrate the effectiveness of a facet scale method for offender profiling. Four FMDS themes of street robbery (Con, Blitz, Confrontation and Snatch) were revealed by the crossing of two underlying axial facets: the offenders' level of violence and interaction with the victim. The facet scale method, utilising offenders' axial facet scores, was compared to previous count, proportional and centroid classification methods in the prediction of offender criminal histories. Utilising logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analyses, the axial facet scale method was found to significantly outperform the qualitatively based dominant theme classification methods that typically employ angular and radial facets for FMDS interpretation. Implications for the use of axial facet scales within FMDS analysis for offender profiling research are discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clinical use of brain volumetry
Authors: Giorgio Antonio , De Stefano Nicola 
Published: December 2012

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐based brain volumetry is increasingly being used in the clinical setting to assess brain volume changes from structural MR images in a range of neurologic conditions. Measures of brain volumes have been shown to be valid biomarkers of the clinical state and progression by offering high reliability and robust inferences on the underlying disease‐related mechanisms. This review critically examines the different scenarios of the application of MRI‐based brain volumetry in neurology: 1) supporting disease diagnosis, 2) understanding mechanisms and tracking clinical progression of disease, and 3) monitoring treatment effect. These aspects will be discussed in a wide range of neurologic conditions, with particular emphasis on Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012. ©2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Changes in reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant enzyme activity of Agaricus bisporus harvested at different stages of maturity
Authors: Liu Jun , Wu Yu‐chun , Kan Juan , Wang Yan , Jin Chang‐hai 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe edible mushroom Agaricus bisporus is more prone to senescence than most other vegetables. However, the senescence of A. bisporus before harvesting is often ignored. In this study the changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant enzyme activity of A. bisporus harvested at four different stages of maturity were investigated.ResultsThe firmness of A. bisporus decreased from 6.22 to 5.12 N. Respiration rate increased from 540.65 to 609.82 mg CO2 kg−1 fresh weight (FW) h−1. Browning degree increased from 0.42 to 0.71, showing a positive correlation with polyphenol oxidase activity. For ROS production, superoxide radical production rate increased from 0.51 to 1.16 nmol g−1 FW s−1. Hydrogen peroxide content increased from 0.81 to 1.39 nmol g−1 FW and then decreased rapidly to 0.68 nmol g−1 FW. Malondialdehyde content increased from 1.58 to 2.64 nmol g−1 FW. For antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities decreased significantly at stage 4, whereas a significant increase in catalase activity was found at stages 3 and 4.ConclusionsThe balance between ROS and antioxidants was destroyed at stage 4, causing extensive senescence of mushroom tissues. Thus A. bisporus should be harvested at stage 3.© 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Olive oil quality and ripening in super‐high‐density Arbequina orchard
Authors: Benito Marta , Lasa José Manuel , Gracia Pilar , Oria Rosa , Abenoza María , Varona Luis , Sánchez‐Gimeno Ana Cristina 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this work was to evaluate the evolution of the quality of extra virgin olive oil obtained from a super‐high‐density Arbequina orchard, under a drip irrigation system, throughout the ripening process. For this objective, physicochemical, nutritional and sensory parameters were studied. In addition, the oxidative stability, pigment content and colour evolution of olive oil were analysed during the ripening process.ResultsFree acidity increased slightly throughout the ripening process, while peroxide value and extinction coefficient decreased. Total phenol content and oxidative stability showed a similar trend, increasing at the beginning of ripening up to a maximum and thereafter decreasing. α‐Tocopherol and pigment contents decreased with ripening, leading to changes in colour coordinates. Sensory parameters were correlated with total phenol content, following a similar trend throughout the maturation process.ConclusionBy sampling and monitoring the ripeness index weekly, it would be possible to determine an optimal harvesting time for olives according to the industrial yield and the physicochemical, nutritional and sensory properties of the olive oil. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Chemical composition and flavour characteristics of a liquid extract occurring as waste in crab (Ovalipes punctatus) processing
Authors: Bu Junzhi , Dai Zhiyuan , Zhou Tao , Lu Yanbin , Jiang Qianqian 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe crab processing industry has generated a considerable quantity of by‐products, and these untapped residues resulted in environmental problem and waste of natural resources. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to evaluate the further usage potential of Ovalipes punctatus extract. The proximate composition, minerals, fatty acids, amino acids, tasty components (free amino acid, flavour 5′‐nucleotides, glycine betaine and inorganic ions) and volatile flavour components were studied.RESULTSO. punctatus extract was found to have a high protein (31.2 g kg−1), but a low fat content (0.13 g kg−1). The protein contained high amounts of arginine (110.2 g kg−1 protein) and glutamic acid (108.9 g kg−1). The fatty acid profiles were dominated by saturated fatty acids, while C20 n‐3 and n‐6 fatty acids accounted for 85% of its polyunsaturated fatty acids. Arginine, alanine, glycine, glycine betaine, glutamic acid and chloridion (taste active value greater than 1) were primary taste‐active components. A total of 77 volatiles were identified, and benzaldehyde and pyrazines were the major flavour contributors to the aroma of O. punctatus extract. Furthermore, sensory evaluation with a five‐point hedonic scale showed that the overall flavour of O. punctatus extract had high acceptance.CONCLUSIONResults presented in this study indicated that O. punctatus extract could be utilised to produce nutritious food or value‐added products. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
In‐band pumped Ti:Tm:LiNbO3 waveguide amplifier and low threshold laser
Authors: George Mathew , Ricken Raimund , Quiring Viktor , Sohler Wolfgang 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe fabrication by diffusion doping and a detailed optical investigation of a Ti:Tm:LiNbO3 waveguide amplifier and of a Fabry‐Pérot type Ti:Tm:LiNbO3 laser are reported. Both devices are in‐band pumped by a laser diode at 1650 nm. The wave‐guide amplifier shows broad‐band optical gain in the wavelength range 1750 nm < λ < 1900 nm. The laser emits at 1890 nm, the longest emission wavelength of a Tm:LiNbO3 laser reported so far; also 1850 nm emission could be demonstrated. Laser threshold (1890 nm) is at 4 mW coupled pump power; the slope efficiency is ∼13.3%. Properties and potential of both devices are analyzed by extensive modeling.
Penultimate Unit and Solvent Effects on 2:1 Sequence Control During Radical Copolymerization of N‐Phenylmaleimide With β‐Pinene
Authors: Yamamoto Daisuke , Matsumoto Akikazu 
Published: December 2012

AbstractCopolymers with a 2:1 regulated sequence of N‐phenylmaleimide with β‐pinene units (AAB‐type repeating units) are produced during radical copolymerization. The monomer reactivity ratios are determined using the penultimate unit model, and it is demonstrated that they vary depending on the solvent used (tetrahydrofuran, 1,2‐dichloroethane, 2,2,2‐trifluoroethanol, and perfluoro‐tert‐butanol) and the copolymerization temperature (0–100 °C). The interaction of the PhMI repeating units with solvents lead to the production of the 2:1 controlled sequence and a significant change in the relative reactivity of the PhMI radicals by polar and steric effects.
Conformational Behavior of Conjugated Polymers With Oligo(phenylene vinylene) Side Chains
Authors: Peeters Helmuth , Koeckelberghs Guy 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe synthesis and chiroptical properties of a series of meta‐arylenes, equipped with chiral oligo(phenylene vinylene) (OPV) side chains, are presented. How the OPV side chain contributes to the optical properties of the polymer is investigated. Secondly, the influence of the distance of the chiral moieties, placed on the OPV side chain, to the polymer main chain is investigated, which shows that, in order to induce any chiral effects, these chiral moieties need to be placed in the ß‐position near the polymer main chain. Finally, it is shown that long (a)chiral, lateral alkoxy chains on the OPV side chain prevent the polymers from adopting a helical conformation and result in the formation of lateral (a)chiral stacks of different polymer chains.
Selective Wetting and Localization of Silica in Binary and Ternary Blends Based on Styrene Butadiene Rubber, Butadiene Rubber, and Natural Rubber
Authors: Le Hong Hai , Keller Melanie , Hristov Martin , Ilisch Sybill , Xuan Tung Hoang , Do Quang Khang , Pham Tung , Stöckelhuber Klaus‐Werner , Heinrich Gert , Radusch Hans‐Joachim 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn the present work, the wetting concept was further developed for explanation of the kinetics of silica localization in binary and ternary rubber blends in the first mixing period. In the second mixing period when the wetting process is finished, a re‐localization process of silica within the blend phases takes place until an equilibrium state is reached. Material effects and mixing conditions on the silica localization were systematically characterized. A comparison between the kinetics of filler localization experimentally determined by the wetting concept, and the filler localization at an equilibrium theoretically predicted by our Z‐model, provides a deeper insight into the filler transfer process taking place during the mixing process.
Green Processing of Nanofibers for Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Krishnan Ranganathan , Sundarrajan Subramanian , Ramakrishna Seeram 
Published: December 2012

AbstractElectrospinning of polymer scaffolds is mostly carried out using organic solvents, but the drawbacks are: solvent costs, environmental hazards, and presence of traces of solvent impurities. The use of water‐soluble polymers (WSPs), water or aqueous solutions as an electrospinning medium (green processing) is a very attractive method to avoid such issues. However, a few WSP such as polyelectrolytes are not spinnable as such, but have been electrospun by addition of WSPs, additives, and salts. This paper covers solution properties, polyelectrolyte nanofibrous scaffolds (polysaccharides, biopolymers, etc.), fabrication through green processing, and their regenerative medical applications such as wound dressing, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. This is the first review to cover the above issues, the drawbacks of current methods, and future challenges.
Modified Diblock Copolymer Bearing Fluoro Groups and Evaluation of its Hydrophobic Properties
Authors: Politakos N. , Kortaberria G. , Zalakain I. , Avgeropoulos A. , Mondragon I. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractSummary: The major scope of the presented work is the characterization and evaluation of hydrophobicity of novel copolymers of the PS‐b‐PB1,2 type, modified with perfluorooctanoyl chloride [PS: polystyrene, PB1,2: poly(butadiene) with 100% 1,2‐microstructure]. Fluoro atoms in polymers can create hydrophobic surfaces with low surface energy. The fluorinated groups can migrate and possible orient in the outermost surface of the polymeric thin film. Characterization in the modified block copolymer was conducted with carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (13C‐NMR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to evaluate the structure. Contact angle measurements were also conducted to verify the hydrophobicity of the fluorinated copolymer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to depict the structure of the material. The obtained results showed that indeed the fluorinated copolymer exhibits high hydrophobicity (low surface energy material) with significant structural differences from its precursor.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructures: MWCNTf/TiO2 and MWCNTf/TiO2/HAp
Authors: Albano C. , Sarmiento Y. , González G. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractSummary: In the present work nanostructured systems based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) coated with titania (TiO2), hydroxyapatite (HAp) and their combinations were synthesized using sol‐gel and precipitation methods. Different synthesis variables were used (calcination, concentration of MWCNT and gel aging time). The TiO2 nanoparticles size was 4.4 nm, independent of the synthesis conditions. The best coating was obtained by aging the gel during 20 days. Also the use of the surfactant SDS resulted in a good dispersion of the HAp particles on the MWCNT walls. HAp increases the thermal stability of MWCNTs.
Study of Different Mixing Sequences in Polymer Blends Reinforced with Nano‐Clays
Authors: Pastor J. M. , Gallego R. , Basurto F. C. , Núñez K. , García‐López D. , Merino J. C. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractSummary: Different polymer blends reinforced with nano‐clay were prepared by melt compounding. The influence of four different sequences on the microstructural and thermomechanical properties has been analyzed. Polyamide 6–ethylene‐propylene‐diene monomer (PA6/EPDM) blends were the most thermally stable of all showing that nano‐clay dispersion in the continuous phase (NB1) produced the best balanced properties. On the other hand, in polycarbonate–(acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene) (PC/ABS) blends the nano‐clay addition on the dispersed phase (NB2) led to an increase in stiffness and HDT with a low value of toughness. Finally, the best properties (impact strength and HDT) in poly (lactic acid)–low density polyethylene (PLA/LDPE) blends were obtained when all the materials were blended in one step (NB3).
Shape Memory Polyurethanes Based on Polyols Derived From Renewable Resources
Authors: Corcuera M. A. , Saralegi A. , Fernández‐d'Arlas B. , Mondragon I. , Eceiza A. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractSummary: Segmented polyurethanes have been synthesized employing polyols derived from renewable resources, semicrystalline or amorphous in nature, as soft segment, and an aliphatic (1,6‐hexamethylene diisocyanate, HDI) or aromatic (4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate, MDI) diisocyanate and 1,4‐butanediol (BD) as hard segment using two‐step bulk polymerization procedure. The effect of soft and hard segment structure and hard segment content on thermal, mechanical and shape memory properties has been studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry, tensile tests and tensile tests performed using a thermal chamber.
Use of Rice Husk as Filler in Flexible Polyurethane Foams
Authors: Navarro M. V. , Vega‐Baudrit J. R. , Sibaja M. R. , Melero F. J. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractSummary: In this study, flexible polyether polyurethane foams were synthesized by using two kinds of fillers: Inorganic filler and vegetal fiber obtained from agricultural waste. Structural, thermal and mechanical properties of the obtained foams were analyzed.
PPARα modulates the TSH β‐subunit mRNA expression in thyrotrope TαT1 cells and in a mouse model
Authors: Wege Nicole , Schutkowski Alexandra , König Bettina , Brandsch Corinna , Weiwad Matthias , Stangl Gabriele I. 
Published: December 2012

ScopeFasting leads to a significant downregulation of the hypothalamus‐pituitary‐thyroid axis, and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR) α is a key transcription factor in mediating a magnitude of adaptive responses to fasting. In this study, we examined the role of PPARα in regulation of the hypothalamus‐pituitary‐thyroid axis.Methods and resultsThyroid‐stimulating hormone β‐subunit (TSHβ) mRNA abundance was being reduced in response to treatment of TαT1 cells with PPARα agonists (p < 0.05), indicating an inhibitory transcriptional regulation of TSHβ by PPARα. As expected, fasting significantly downregulated TSHβ mRNA expression in a two‐factorial study with fed or fasted wild‐type (WT) and PPARα knockout mice (p < 0.05). In contrast to the in vitro data, fasted PPARα knockout mice revealed lower mRNA concentrations of pituitary TSHβ (−64%) and TSH‐regulated thyroid genes, and lower plasma concentrations of thyroxine (T4, −25%), triiodothyronine (T3, −25%), free T4 (−60%), and free T3 (−35%) than fasted WT mice (p < 0.05). Those differences were not observed in fed mice.ConclusionsData from thyrotrope cells revealed that PPARα could contribute to the fasting‐associated downregulation of the TSHβ mRNA expression. In a mouse model, fasting led to a significant reduction in TSHβ mRNA level, but unexpectedly this effect was stronger in mice lacking PPARα than in WT mice.
The Effects of California's Paid Family Leave Program on Mothers’ Leave‐Taking and Subsequent Labor Market Outcomes
Authors: Rossin‐Slater Maya , Ruhm Christopher J. , Waldfogel Jane 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis analysis uses March Current Population Survey data from 1999 to 2010 and a differences‐in‐differences approach to examine how California's first in the nation paid family leave (PFL) program affected leave‐taking by mothers following childbirth, as well as subsequent labor market outcomes. We obtain robust evidence that the California program doubled the overall use of maternity leave, increasing it from an average of three to six weeks for new mothers—with some evidence of particularly large growth for less advantaged groups. We also provide evidence that PFL increased the usual weekly work hours of employed mothers of 1‐ to 3‐year‐old children by 10 to 17 percent and that their wage incomes may have risen by a similar amount.