bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil moisture dynamics at high temporal resolution in a semiarid Mediterranean watershed with scattered tree cover
Authors: Lozano‐Parra Javier , van Schaik N. L. M. B. , Schnabel Susanne , Gómez‐Gutiérrez Álvaro 
Published: September 2015

AbstractSubsurface water flows play a key role in the distribution of water and solutes and thereby in the water availability for plants. However, the characterization of different flow processes (i.e. matrix and preferential flow), the frequency and factors that cause them, is relatively rare. This characterization enables a better understanding of spatio‐temporal variability of water resources and allows for the design of models to be improved. Using a method based on the time derivative of soil moisture variation known as maximum wetting slope, types of soil wetting processes were classified and quantified. For this, capacitance sensors, which registered the volumetric water content at high temporal resolution (30 min) for more than two hydrological years, were installed at different depths and placed in soil moisture stations with different vegetation covers, lithology and topographic position. Results indicated that there is a general behaviour or pattern of soil moisture dynamics in the catchment with a dominant occurrence of slower soil wetting processes (>50%), caused by matrix flows, and a low occurrence of those faster processes (<30%), originated by preferential flows. Nevertheless, when the total volume of water is considered, preferential flow becomes the dominant process, so that the ecological role of both flow types becomes prominent in water‐limited environments. Statistical multivariate analyses based on data‐mining techniques proved that although both flow types depend on variables associated with precipitation and antecedent soil moisture conditions, faster soil wetting processes are mainly related to variables such as rainfall intensity and topography, while slower soil wetting processes are related to flow velocity, soils or vegetation. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tris(2‐chloroethyl)phosphate‐induced cell growth arrest via attenuation of SIRT1‐independent PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway
Authors: Zhang Wenjuan , Zhang Youjian , Wang Zhiyuan , Xu Tian , Huang Cheng , Yin Wenjun , Wang Jing , Xiong Wei , Lu Wenhong , Zheng Hongyan , Yuan Jing 
Published: September 2015

AbstractTris(2‐chloroethyl)phosphate (TCEP) as an organophosphorus flame retardant and plasticizer has been widely used in industrial and household products. It not only was detected in residential indoor air and dust, surface and drinking water, but also in human plasma and breast milk, and tissue samples of liver, kidneys and brain from rodents. TCEP is classified as carcinogenic category 2 and toxic for reproduction category 1B. Sufficient evidence from experimental animals indicated carcinogenicity of TCEP in the liver, and kidneys as well as cell loss in the brain. However, the underlying mechanisms of TCEP‐induced hepatotoxicity are mostly unknown. We investigated the in vitro effects of TCEP as well as TCEP‐induced cell growth in the L02 and HepG2 cells through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. We found that TCEP reduced cell viability of these cell lines, induced the cell growth arrest, upregulated mRNA and protein levels of SIRT1, and attenuated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. However, growth arrest of the L02 and HepG2 cells were aggravated after inhibiting the SIRT1 expression with EX‐527. The findings above suggested that TCEP induced the cell growth arrest of L02 and HepG2 cells via attenuation of the SIRT1‐independent PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Orthopedic implant infections: Incompetence of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus lugdunensis, and Enterococcus faecalis to invade osteoblasts
Authors: Campoccia Davide , Testoni Francesca , Ravaioli Stefano , Cangini Ilaria , Maso Alessandra , Speziale Pietro , Montanaro Lucio , Visai Livia , Arciola Carla Renata 
Published: September 2015

AbstractSeptic failure is still the major complication of prosthetic implants. Entering host cells, bacteria hide from host immune defenses, shelter from extracellular antibiotics, and cause chronic infection. Staphylococcus aureus, the leading etiologic agent of orthopedic implant infections, is able to enter bone cells and induce osteoblast apoptosis, osteoclast recruitment, and highly destructive osteomyelitis. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus lugdunensis, and Enterococcus faecalis are opportunistic pathogens causative of implant‐related infections. This study investigated the ability to internalize into osteoblastic MG63 cells of 22 S. epidermidis, 9 S. lugdunensis, and 21 E. faecalis clinical isolates from orthopedic implant infections. Isolates were categorized in clusters by ribotyping. Internalization assay was carried out by means of a microtiter plate‐based method. S. epidermidis, S. lugdunensis, and E. faecalis strains turned out incompetent to enter osteoblasts, exhibiting negligible internalization into MG63 cells, nearly three orders of magnitude lower than that of S. aureus. Osteoblast invasion does not appear as a pathogenetic mechanism utilized by S. epidermidis, S. lugdunensis, or E. faecalis for infecting orthopedic implants. Moreover, it can be inferred that intracellularly active antimicrobials should not be necessary against implant infections caused by the three bacterial species. Finally, implications with the uptake of biomaterial microparticles by nonphagocytic cells are enlightened. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 788–801, 2016.
High‐Throughput Tag‐Sequencing Analysis of Early Events Induced by Ochratoxin A in HepG‐2 Cells
Authors: Zhang Yu , Qi Xiaozhe , Zheng Juanjuan , Luo YunBo , Huang Kunlun , Xu Wentao 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTOchratoxin A (OTA) is produced by fungi of the species Aspergillus and Penicillium. OTA has displayed hepatotoxicity in mammals. Although recent studies have indicated that OTA influences liver function, little is known regarding its impact on differential early liver toxicity. In this study, we report high‐throughput tag‐sequencing (Tag‐seq) analysis of the transcriptome using Solexa Analyzer platform after 4 h of OTA treatment on HepG‐2 cells. The analyses of differentially expressed genes revealed the substantial changes. A total of 21,449 genes were identified and quantified, with 2726 displaying significantly altered expression levels. Expression level data were then integrated with a network of gene–gene interactions, and biological pathways to obtain a systems‐level view of changes in the transcriptome that occur with OTA resistance. Our data suggest that OTA exposure leads to an imbalance in zinc finger expression and shed light on splicing factor and mitochondrial‐based mechanisms.
Chemopreventive Properties of Genipin on AGS Cell Line via Induction of JNK/Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway
Authors: Kim Jee Min , Ko Hyeonseok , Kim Sun‐Joong , Shim So Hee , Ha Chang Hoon , Chang Hyo Ihl 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTRoles of dietary phytochemicals in cancer chemoprevention via induction of nuclear factor‐erythroid‐2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2)‐mediated antioxidant enzymes have been well established in a number of studies. In this study, FACS analysis was used to reveal that the intracellular reactive oxygen species level decreased at 0–25 μM of genipin treatment. Furthermore, immunofluorescence analysis and Western blotting were used to demonstrate that genipin treatment resulted in the upregulation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2, as well as upregulation of gastrointestinal glutathione peroxidase. Finally, we found that C‐Jun‐NH2‐kinase (JNK) was also dose‐dependently activated, where depleting JNK by using a biochemical inhibitor indicated that JNK was upstream of Nrf2. Interestingly, the antioxidant effects were limited to the treatment in the lower dosage of genipin, where higher dosage of genipin treatment resulted in the increased reactive oxygen species level and cytotoxicity. Thus, this study demonstrates for the first time that lower dosage of genipin results in the induction of JNK/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway and protection from cell death.
Validation of the four‐dimensional symptom questionnaire (4DSQ) and prevalence of psychological symptoms in orthopedic shoulder patients
Authors: Koorevaar Rinco C.T. , Terluin Berend , van ‘t Riet Esther , Madden Kim , Bulstra Sjoerd K. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTPsychological problems are common in shoulder patients. A validated psychological questionnaire measuring clinically relevant psychological symptoms (including distress, depression, anxiety, and somatization) in shoulder patients is lacking. The Four‐Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ) is a self‐report questionnaire to identify distress, depression, anxiety, and somatization which has been validated in primary care populations. The aim of this study was to validate the 4DSQ in orthopedic shoulder patients. We assessed whether the 4DSQ measures these four constructs the same way in an orthopedic population with shoulder problems compared to a general practice population. We also investigated the prevalence of psychological symptoms in shoulder patients. The shoulder group consisted of 200 consecutive patients and the general practice group comprised 368 patients, matched for gender and age. Differential item functioning analysis showed that the 4DSQ measures the different psychological symptoms in orthopedic shoulder patients the same way as in general practice patients. The shoulder patients tended to score higher on the somatization scale, resulting in a new cut‐off point for somatization. The prevalence of distress, somatization, anxiety, and depression in the shoulder group was 23%, 14%, 10%, and 8%, respectively. It can be concluded from this study that the 4DSQ in orthopedic shoulder patients measures the same constructs as in general practice patients and can therefore be used in orthopedic practice to measure psychological symptoms in patients with shoulder complaints. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:683–691, 2016.
Exploring crosstalk perception for stereoscopic 3D head‐up displays in a crosstalk simulator
Authors: Höckh Simone , Frederiksen Annette , Renault Sylvain , Hopf Klaus , Gilowski Michael , Schell Martin 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn today's upper class vehicles, head‐up displays (HUDs) are state of the art human–machine interfaces used to increase driving security and comfort. Working with a stereoscopically perceived viewing impression, a novel automotive 3D HUD would allow the simultaneous visualization of multiple contents in various depth planes. However, stereoscopic crosstalk is one of the most important parameters influencing the image quality of stereoscopic systems. We present a setup to simulate crosstalk including a specific software solution. It constitutes a platform to explore the effects of stereoscopic crosstalk in the augmented reality viewing conditions of a 3D HUD. As the setup allows the variation of numerous parameters, it provides a versatile research platform. By means of it, we investigate the variation of the visibility and acceptability thresholds of crosstalk over various parameters. Our results include the finding that they decrease with rising contrast affirming this behavior known for conventional stereoscopic displays for stereoscopic see‐through displays.
Influence of prolonged static stretching on motor unit firing properties
Authors: Ye Xin , Beck Travis W. , Wages Nathan P. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe purpose of this study was to examine the influence of a stretching intervention on motor control strategy of the biceps brachii muscle.MethodsTen men performed twelve 100‐s passive static stretches of the biceps brachii. Before and after the intervention, isometric strength was tested during maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) of the elbow flexors. Subjects also performed trapezoid isometric contractions at 30% and 70% of MVC. Surface electromyographic signals from the submaximal contractions were decomposed into individual motor unit action potential trains. Linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between motor unit mean firing rate and recruitment threshold.ResultsThe stretching intervention caused significant decreases in y‐intercepts of the linear regression lines. In addition, linear slopes at both intensities remained unchanged.ConclusionsDespite reduced motor unit firing rates following the stretches, the motor control scheme remained unchanged. Muscle Nerve 53: 808–817, 2016
Timoshenko beam solution for the response of existing tunnels because of tunneling underneath
Authors: Li Peng , Du Shou‐Ji , Wang Yan‐Han , Zhao Hong‐Hua 
Published: September 2015

SummaryAn analytical solution for the deflection and internal forces of an existing tunnel because of tunneling underneath is presented. The existing tunnel is modeled as a Timoshenko beam resting on a Winkler foundation, which takes into account the contribution of shear deformation to the total deflection of the existing tunnel. The validity of the analytical solution is verified by a centrifuge test, and the merit of this analytical method is confirmed by comparison with the conventional Euler–Bernoulli beam model. Influential factors on the behavior of the existing tunnel are investigated by consideration of the variations of subgrade modulus, ground loss induced by the new tunnel construction, vertical clearance between the new tunnel and the existing tunnel, and relative existing tunnel–soil stiffness. Results show that the proposed analytical method is a valid and effective method to evaluate shearing‐induced deformation in existing tunnels with large diameters. Results also show that the pattern and the amplitude of the response of the existing tunnel are affected largely by ground loss induced by the new tunnel construction, vertical clearance between the new tunnel and the existing tunnel, and relative existing tunnel–soil stiffness. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Different Types of Nickel, Cobalt, and Manganese Complexes originating from 2‐Imidazolecarboxaldiimine of Triethylenetetraamine
Authors: Shankar Krapa , Baruah Jubaraj B. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe reactivity of the 2‐imidazolecarboxaldiimine of triethylenetetraamine (H2imida) towards divalent manganese, cobalt, and nickel ions differs. It forms a cationic nickel(II) complex by acting as a hexa‐dentate ligand, whereas the cobalt(II) complex formation took place by deprotonation of the H2imida forming a neutral complex with imida. Deprotonation of the ligand by H2imida by cobalt(II) ions caused quenching of the fluorescence emission at 312 nm, such a quenching effect was not observed with the nickel ions. On the other hand, a mononuclear manganese(II) complex of a new tetradentate ligand was formed by manganese(II) assisted intramolecular cyclization reactions of H2imida.
The current landscape of television and movies in medical education
Authors: Law Marcus , Kwong Wilson , Friesen Farah , Veinot Paula , Ng Stella L. 
Published: September 2015

Background Using commercially available television and movies is a potentially effective tool to foster humanistic, compassionate and person-centred orientations in medical students.
Aim We reviewed pedagogical applications of television and movies in medical education to explore whether and why this innovation holds promise.
Methods We performed a literature review to provide a narrative summary on this topic.
Results Further studies are needed with richer descriptions of innovations and more rigorous research designs.
Conclusion As we move toward evidence-informed education, we need an evidence- based examination of this topic that will move it beyond a ‘show and tell’ discussion toward meaningful implementation and evaluation. Further exploration regarding the theoretical basis for using television and movies in medical education will help substantiate continued efforts to use these media as teaching tools.
CORD Awards Panel Award for Outstanding Scholarly Research 2014: “Celebrating the Scholarship of Deidre Sklar”
Authors: Miller Ray 
Published: September 2015

This panel honors the work of Deidre Sklar, the 2014 recipient of Congress on Research in Dance's award for Outstanding Scholarly Research. Panelists Ketu Katrak, Ann Cooper Albright and Miriam Phillips, along with panel moderator, Ray Miller, discuss the impact of Sklar's work on their own research and teaching as well as its impact on the contemporary scholarship in the field of Dance Studies.Invited Panelists: Ray Miller (Moderator), Ann Cooper Albright, Ketu Katrak, and Miriam Phillips
CORD Awards Panel 2014: “Celebrating the Scholarship of Deidre Sklar”
Authors: Albright Ann Cooper 
Published: September 2015

You are not quite old enough to be my blood ancestor, but I am going to figure you as one anyway. My desire to claim you as a relative, intellectually speaking, is based on the groundbreaking work you have done across the fields of dance, performance studies and critical cultural studies. Your monographDancing with the Virgin: Body and Faith in the Fiesta of Tortugas, New Mexico(2001a) and seminal essays such as “On Dance Ethnography” (2001a) and “Can Bodylore Be Brought to Its Senses?” (1994) have demonstrated that we do not need to leave the body behind as we engage with new theories of cultural meaning. I had always admired your work and thought you were an interesting scholar and fun to be around, but it was being part of your panel on “corporeal rhetorics” during the international “Theory and Practice” conference in Paris, France, in 2007 that helped me make connections between our academic trajectories. This experience really pushed my thinking into new directions. I want to quote your abstract for that panel:This panel presents the concept of “corporeal rhetoric” in order to explore the question of agency vis à vis corporeal regimes. [This use of] “rhetoric” implies that bodily practices and events have somatic effects on performers and audiences that likewise work to convince. In short, kinetic sensation is a medium of persuasion. Acknowledging that techniques of the body carry ideological loads, we explore the persuasive force of manipulations of kinetic energy, the organization of rhythm and temporal dynamics, muscular tension and flow, spatial relations and shape, directionality and focus, to bring out the interplay of the somatic and the ideological in the transmission of movement practice. (Sklar 2007)
blind spot: Media, Memory, and Performing Resistance
Authors: Sakamoto Michael 
Published: September 2015

This performative lecture explores artistic, social, cultural, and philosophical issues embedded in interdisciplinary dance theater artist Michael Sakamoto's latest solo work, blind spot. Combining film, video, and photography, dance, and theatrical performance, blind spot attempts to tell a story of looking without seeing, yet with sudden, ephemeral flashes of insight. Using his own history and perception-projection as a racialized, “Asian-American” body practicing butoh, an “Asian” form, Michael speaks of self-contradiction, code switching, and embracing both socialized and subjective identity. Inspired by the Buddhist conception of impermanence and ontological questions of embodied truth in media-based art forms, blind spot is rooted in the belief that every moment is an instance of not knowing, simultaneously revealing our fear and desire, making life a circuitous, nonlinear journey of mapping such “blind spots.”From Michael's artist statement on blind spot: The fear of not seeing is the same as that of not knowing. From implosive desire, we give primacy to sight at the cost of vision. Within and without language-delineated, behavioral paradigms, we alternate between embracing our passion/obsession and holding ourselves at arm's length in the third person. Our mediated image—dead to the world but with a life of its own—becomes both bulwark against and support for the tenuous, febrile cord connecting us to heredity and lineage in the ways we both speak and act.
Bodies of Silence and Resilience: Writing Marginality
Authors: Zervou Natalie 
Published: September 2015

Since 2009, the financial crisis in Greece has brought about a need to revisit the past and challenge previous historical assumptions in order to understand the socio-political present more effectively. Dance, and performing arts in general, have reflected this urge by giving voice to marginalized events and perspectives in Greek history, and by challenging the dominant rhetoric of ancient Greek lineage and continuity that often overlooked the significance of ethnic minorities. As such, the focus has shifted away from a sense of unity toward a fragmented understanding of Greek identity that is re-envisioning history and documenting the present by taking into consideration under-represented communities, such as ethnic minorities and immigrants.Drawing on a series of collaborative video-dance projects by Despina Stamos and Jill Woodward (passTRESpassandBodies of Resilience), which engage with the subject position of immigrants in Greece during the crisis, this paper examines the relationship between marginality and dominant national histories, as well as the role of dance in (re)writing these “margins” and rendering them visible. Especially at a time when extreme nationalism and racism are on the rise in Greece, can dance provide the subjects of discrimination with agency, and create a space for them to “speak” against racist violence? How are these immigrants’ embodied histories in dialogue with the current rewriting of Greek identity and history?
Shear-flow dispersion in turbulent jets
Authors: Craske John , Debugne Antoine L. R. , van Reeuwijk Maarten 
Published: September 2015

We investigate the transport of a passive scalar in a fully developed turbulent axisymmetric jet at a Reynolds number of $\mathit{Re}=4815$ using data from direct numerical simulation. In particular, we simulate the response of the concentration field to an instantaneous variation of the scalar flux at the source. To analyse the time evolution of this statistically unsteady process we take an ensemble average over 16 independent simulations. We find that the evolution of $C_{m}(z,t)$, the radial integral of the ensemble-averaged concentration, is a self-similar process, with the front position and spread both scaling as $\sqrt{t}$. The longitudinal mixing of $C_{m}$ is shown to be primarily caused by shear-flow dispersion. Using the approach developed by Craske & van Reeuwijk (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 763, 2014, pp. 538–566), the classical theory for shear-flow dispersion is applied to turbulent jets to obtain a closure that couples the integral scalar flux to the integral concentration $C_{m}$. Model predictions using the dispersion closure are in good agreement with the simulation data. Application of the dispersion closure to a two-dimensional jet results in an integral transport equation that is fully consistent with that of Landel et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 711, 2012, pp. 212–258).