bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An epidemiological survey on low birth weight infants in China and analysis of outcomes of full-term low birth weight infants
Authors: Chen Yi , Li Guanghui , Ruan Yan , Zou Liying , Wang Xin , Zhang Weiyuan 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the leading causes of adverse perinatal outcomes and is closely related to neonatal disease and death. The incidence of LBW has been increasing. The aim of this study was to investigate the current incidence rate and factors affecting low birth weight infants and perinatal outcomes of full-term low birth weight infants in mainland China.

Methods
This paper describes a retrospective analysis of children born in 39 hospitals of different types in 14 different provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in seven districts within China throughout 2011. The data were first collected in hardcopy format and then entered into computer network databases. Data covering a total of 112,441 cases were collected. Cases were excluded if data were incomplete and in the case of miscarriage before 24 weeks of gestation, multiple pregnancies, or induction of labor due to fetal malformation, intrauterine death, and other reasons, leaving a total of 101,163 cases. SPSS 18.0 and SAS 9.2 statistical packages were used to analyze the collected data.

Results
According to this research, the incidence of LBW in mainland China was 6.1%, which is higher than the 5.87% reported in 2000, and it varied across different areas. The incidence of LBW was significantly higher in tertiary care hospitals than in secondary care hospitals. LBW was found to be associated with maternal age of less than 20 years, low level of maternal education, previous histories of adverse pregnancies, and with pregnancy comorbidities and complications, such as hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, anemia, oligohydramnios, premature rupture of membranes, and gestational diabetes. The rates of stillbirths, severe neonatal asphyxia, and deaths among full-term LBW infants were 2.42%, 0.83%, and 3.49%, respectively. The rates of stillbirths and neonatal deaths among full-term LBW infants born by caesarean section were 0.5% and 1.0%, respectively, which was lower than vaginal delivery.

Conclusions
The incidence of LBW has increased in China. LBW is a leading cause of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Health care during pregnancy and management of high-risk factors for LBW may reduce the incidence of LWB and the death rate of LBW infants.
The impact of a cardiovascular health awareness program (CHAP) on reducing blood pressure: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Ye Chenglin , Foster Gary , Kaczorowski Janusz , Chambers Larry W , Angeles Ricardo , Marzanek-Lefebvre Francine , Laryea Stephanie , Thabane Lehana , Dolovich Lisa 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
Hypertension is an important and modifiable cardiovascular risk factor that remains under-detected and under-treated, especially in the older individuals. Community-led interventions that integrate primary health care and local resources are promising approaches to improve awareness and management of hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors. We aimed to evaluate the effect of a community-based Cardiovascular Health Awareness Program (CHAP) on participants’ blood pressure.

Methods
This study followed a cohort of community residents that participated in CHAP across 22 mid-sized Ontario communities over an 18-month period. The participants’ baseline risk factors, including blood pressure, and subsequent measures of blood pressure were recorded. We employed a bivariate linear mixed-effect model to estimate the change of systolic and diastolic blood pressure over time among the participants who attended more than two CHAP sessions.

Results
Of 13,596 participants, 2498 attended more than two CHAP sessions. For those repeated participants (attending more than two sessions) initially identified with high blood pressure, the average reduction of systolic blood pressure was from 142 to 123 mmHg over an 18-month period, a monthly rate ratio of 0.992 (95% CI: 0.991,0.994; p < 0.01). Similarly, the average reduction of diastolic blood pressure was from 78 to 69 mmHg, a monthly rate ratio of 0.993 (95% CI: 0.991,0.994; p < 0.01). The average blood pressure of the participants with normal baseline blood pressure remained controlled and unchanged. We also found that older adult participants who lived alone, were diagnosed with hypertension, reported healthier eating habits, and presented with a higher baseline systolic blood pressure had significantly greater odds of attending more than one session.

Conclusions
CHAP was associated with a reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure for those participants who attended more than one session. The magnitude of blood pressure reductions was significant clinically and statistically.
Massive heterotopic ossification associated with late deficits in posterior wall of acetabulum after failed acetabular fracture operation
Authors: Zhang Yuntong , Xie Yang , Xu Shuogui , Zhang Chuncai 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
Heterotopic ossification is a common postoperative complication of acetabular fracture. However, functionally significant heterotopic ossification with associated late bone defects in the posterior wall of the acetabulum is rare and challenging to treat. When heterotopic ossification is a late complication of failed acetabular fracture operation, it is disabling and may only be treated by THA. THA is highly susceptible to premature failure in young and active patients and may require numerous revisions.

Case presentation
This article describes a 40-year-old man with massive heterotopic ossification associated with late bone defects in the posterior wall of the acetabulum after a failed acetabular fracture operation. The primary fracture type was a 62-A2.3 fracture according to the AO/OTA Classification.Surgical excision and anatomical reconstruction of the acetabular wall using heterotopic ossific bone were performed 10 months after the fracture repair. Postoperatively, indomethacin was administered for prophylaxis against recurrence of heterotopic ossification, and hip range of motion was progressively increased. At 5 years and 6 months follow-up, the patient’s pain was relieved and hip function had recovered. Though radiography and CT showed minimal subchondral cysts and mild joint-space narrowing, there was no evidence of graft resorption, progressive posttraumatic osteoarthritis or necrosis of the femoral head.

Conclusion
To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case of such a challenging condition. Although it is an extremely rare case, it provides an attractive option for avoiding THA, as the long-term follow-up shows a satisfactory outcome.
Nitrogen catabolite repressible GAP1 promoter, a new tool for efficient recombinant protein production in S. cerevisiae
Authors: Debailleul Fabien , Trubbia Cataldo , Frederickx Nancy , Lauwers Elsa , Merhi Ahmad , Ruysschaert Jean-Marie , André Bruno , Govaerts Cédric 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
Decades of work requiring heterologous expression of eukaryotic proteins have shown that no expression system can be considered as the panacea and the appropriate expression strategy is often protein-dependent. In a large number of cases, yeasts have proven to be reliable organisms for heterologous protein expression by combining eukaryotic cellular organization with the ease of use of simpler microorganisms.

Results
During this work, a novel promoter system based on the nitrogen catabolite regulation has been developed to produce the general amino acid permease (Gap1) in its natural host, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A simple purification protocol was also established that allows to purify milligrams of Gap1 from cells cultivated in a five liters bio-reactor. In order to test the ability of the system to be used for expression of other proteins, the yeast specific transporter of γ-aminobutyric acid (Uga4), a human vesicular transporter of glutamate (Vglut1) and a small secreted glycoprotein (MD-2) were also expressed using the nitrogen catabolite regulation. All proteins were fused to GFP and their presence and localization were confirmed by western blot analysis and fluorescence microscopy.

Conclusions
Our work shows that the nitrogen catabolite repressible GAP1 promoter can be used to obtain high levels of recombinant protein while allowing for large biomass production in S. cerevisiae. This approach can be used to express membrane and soluble proteins from higher eukaryotes (from yeast to human). Therefore, this system stands as a promising alternative to commonly used expression procedure in yeasts.
Fast marching over the 2D Gabor magnitude domain for tongue body segmentation
Authors: Cui Zhenchao , Zhang Hongzhi , Zhang David , Li Naimin , Zuo Wangmeng 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Tongue body segmentation is a prerequisite to tongue image analysis and has recently received considerable attention. The existing tongue body segmentation methods usually involve two key steps: edge detection and active contour model (ACM)-based segmentation. However, conventional edge detectors cannot faithfully detect the contour of the tongue body, and the initialization of ACM suffers from the edge discontinuity problem. To address these issues, we proposed a novel tongue body segmentation method, GaborFM, which initializes ACM by performing fast marching over the two-dimensional (2D) Gabor magnitude domain of the tongue images. For the enhancement of the contour of the tongue body, we used the 2D Gabor magnitude-based detector. To cope with the edge discontinuity problem, the fast marching method was utilized to connect the discontinuous contour segments, resulting in a closed and continuous tongue body contour for subsequent ACM-based segmentation. Qualitative and quantitative results showed that GaborFM is superior to the other methods for tongue body segmentation.
Melatonin reduces migratory restlessness in Sylvia warblers during autumnal migration
Authors: Fusani Leonida , Coccon Francesca , Rojas Mora Alfonso , Goymann Wolfgang 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIntroductionA remarkable aspect of bird migration is its nocturnality, particularly common in Passeriformes. The switch in activity from purely diurnal to also nocturnal is evident even in caged birds that during migratory periods develop an intense nocturnal restlessness, termedZugunruhe. The mechanisms that control this major change in activity are mostly unknown. Previous work withSylviawarblers suggested an involvement of melatonin, a hormone associated with day-night cycles in most vertebrates. In a recent study we found no effects of melatonin administration onZugunruheduring spring migration. However, previous studies indicated that the response to melatonin manipulation could differ between spring and autumn migration, which are in fact separate life history stages. Here we tested whether a non-invasive treatment with melatonin can alterZugunruhein wild garden warblersS. borinand blackcapsS. atricapillasubject to temporary captivity at an autumnal stopover site. Food availability in the cage (yes/no) was added as a second factor because previous work showed that it enhancedZugunruhe.ResultsThe melatonin treatment significantly decreased the amount ofZugunruhe, while the availability of food only tended to increase the amount ofZugunruhe. Fuel deposits also had a strong effect on the amount of nocturnal activity: lean birds with a fat score of 1 showed significantly lessZugunruhethan fatter birds. The change in body mass during the time spent in the recording cage depended on food availability, but not on any of the other factors.ConclusionsThis study shows that the migratory programme of twoSylviawarblers can be manipulated by administration of exogenous melatonin and confirms that this hormone is involved in the control of migratory behaviour. To our knowledge, this is one of the first demonstrations that the autumn migratory programme can be altered by hormonal manipulation in migrating birds. The comparison with a similar study carried out with the same modalities during spring migration suggests that there are seasonal differences in the sensitivity of the migratory programme to hormonal factors. In birds breeding in the northern hemisphere, the importance of a timely arrival to the breeding sites could explain why the control of the migratory programme is more rigid in spring.
The feasibility of evaluating radiation dose to the heart by integrating kilovoltage-cone beam computed tomography in stereotactic body radiotherapy of early non-small-cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Liu Chengxin , Gong Guanzhong , Guo Chen , Liu Tonghai , Lu Jie , Zhao Hong , Dong Wei , Yin Yong 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
To investigate the feasibility of contouring the planning risk organ volume (PRV) for the heart, and to determine the probability of evaluating radiation dose to the heart using kilovoltage-cone beam computed tomography (kV-CBCT) in early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, who received stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).

Materials and methods
Seventeen NSCLC patients who received SBRT (5Gy/f × 10f dose) were enrolled and subjected to CBCT and CT imaging analyses to plan treatment. Sequential planning CBCT images of individual patient’s hearts were analyzed for reproducibility of heart contouring and volume. Comparative analyses were made between the planning CT- and CBCT-detected heart margins and dose-volume indices for treatment.

Results
The heart volume from planning CT images was significantly smaller than that from CBCT scans (p < 0.05), and the volumes based on the different series of CBCT images were similar (p > 0.05).The overlap of the heart region on the same anatomical section between the first series of CBCT scans and other scans reached 0.985 ± 0.020 without statistically significant differences (p > 0.05). The mean margins of the heart from planning CT and CBCT scans were 10.5 ± 2.8 mm in the left direction, 5.9 ± 2.8 mm in the right direction, 2.2 ± 1.6 mm in the direction of the head, 3.3 ± 2.2 mm in the direction of the foot, 6.7 ± 1.1 mm in the anterior direction, and 4.5 mm ± 2.5 mm in the posterior direction. All relative and absolute dose-volume indices obtained from CBCT images were significantly larger than those from planning CT scans (p < 0.05), with the exception of the volume in the 5Gy region.

Conclusion
The PRV of heart contouring based on kV-CBCT is feasible with good reproducibility. More accurate and objective dose-volume indices may be obtained for NSCLC patients by using kV-CBCT, instead of CT, to plan SBRT.
Human immunodeficiency virus-associated Burkitt lymphoma in a Japanese patient with early submandibular swelling: a case report
Authors: Komatsu Noriko , Kawase-Koga Yoko , Mori Yoshiyuki , Kamikubo Yasuhiko , Kurokawa Mineo , Takato Tsuyoshi 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at risk of developing malignancies and have an increased susceptibility to infection. HIV-associated Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is relatively rare in developed countries, but remains prevalent in developing counties and is sometimes compounded by the fact that patients may be unaware that they are HIV-positive.

Case presentation
A 37-year-old Japanese man was referred to our department for diagnosis and management of submandibular swelling. He was unaware that he was HIV-positive at the initial visit. Here, we describe our diagnostic approach, in which we used hematological and immunological investigations, biopsy, fluorescence-activated cell sorting and fluorescence in situ hybridization to confirm the diagnosis of HIV-associated BL. The patient has no risk factors for HIV infection, and the source of infection remains unclear.

Conclusions
In this case, submandibular swelling was the first clinical sign of pathology and the patient’s HIV-positive status only became evident later. It is highly likely that BL was triggered by HIV infection.
Does PRRT with standard activities of 177Lu-octreotate really achieve relevant somatostatin receptor saturation in target tumor lesions?: insights from intra-therapeutic receptor imaging in patients with metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Sabet Amir , Nagarajah James , Dogan Ahmet Semih , Biersack Hans-Jürgen , Sabet Amin , Guhlke Stefan , Ezziddin Samer 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with 177Lu-[DOTA0,Tyr3]octreotate (177Lu-octreotate) is generally performed using a fixed activity of 7.4 GBq (200 mCi) per course bound to 180 to 300 μg of the peptide. While this single activity may lead to suboptimal radiation doses in neuroendocrine tumors (NET) with advanced or bulky disease, dose escalation has been withheld due to concerns on potential tumor somatostatin receptor saturation with reduced efficacy of the added activity. In vivo saturation effects during standard-dose PRRT based on quantification of pre- and intra-therapeutic 68Ga-DOTATOC positron emission tomography (PET) imaging might guide potential dose escalation.

Methods
Five patients with metastatic NET of the pancreas underwent 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT before and directly after standard-dose PRRT with 177Lu-octreotate. In each patient, four target tumor lesions, normal liver parenchyma, and the spleen were evaluated and the ratios of SUVmax of the target lesions to liver (SUVT/L) and spleen (SUVT/S) were calculated; paired Student's t test was performed with p < 0.05 for pre-/intra-PRRT comparisons.

Results
The mean intra-therapeutic tumor SUVmax showed no significant change (per-lesion paired t test) compared to pretreatment values (-9.1%, p = 0.226). In contrast, the SUVmax of the normal liver parenchyma and spleen were significantly lower directly after infusion of 7.4 GBq 177Lu-octreotate. Consequently, SUVT/L and SUVT/S increased significantly from pretreatment to intra-therapeutic examination: SUVT/L (p < 0.001) from 2.8 ± 1.3 (1.3 to 5.8) to 4.7 ± 3.0 (2.1 to 12.7) and SUVT/S (p < 0.001) from 1.2 ± 0.7 (0.4 to 3.0) to 3.5 ± 1.5 (1.6 to 7.9).

Conclusions
This small retrospective study provides preliminary evidence for the absence of relevant in vivo saturation of somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (sst2) in tumor lesions during PRRT with standard activities of 177Lu-octreotate in contrast to normal tissue (liver, spleen) showing limited receptor capacity. After being confirmed by larger series, this observation will have significant implications for PRRT: (1) Higher activities of 177Lu-octreotate might be considered feasible in patients with high tumor disease burden or clinical need for remission, and (2) striving to reduce the amount of peptide used in standard preparations of 177Lu-octreotate appears futile.
Collagen Nanofiber-templated Silver Nanowires on Graphene Nanosheets for a Nonenzymatic Amperometric Biosensor of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Wang Li , Ni Pengjuan , Wei Gang , Wang Jiku , Li Zhuang 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
A nonenzymatic amperometric biosensor for sensitive detection of H2O2 has been successfully fabricated by using silver nanowires (AgNWs) supported on graphene nanosheets (GNs). The AgNWs were created through using a collagen-mediated biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles on collagen nanofibers (Col-NFs). The electrode modified with the synthesized GN–AgNW nanohybrids displayed high electrocatalytic activity to the reduction of H2O2.
Fabrication of ICG Dye-containing Particles by Growth of Polymer/Salt Aggregates and Measurement of Photoacoustic Signals
Authors: Fukasawa Tomonori , Hashimoto Maya , Nagamine Shinsuke , Aoki Hiroyuki , Shinto Hiroyuki , Ito Shinzaburo , Ohshima Masahiro 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
We fabricated salt–crosslinked polymer particles as contrast agents for photoacoustic imaging using poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), a phosphate salt (NaH2PO4 or Na2HPO4), and an organic dye of indocyanine green (ICG). The surfaces of the polymer particles were coated with silica nanoparticles, resulting in improvement of their dispersion stability in a physiological saline solution. The suspensions of all prepared particles gave sufficiently large photoacoustic signals.
Doping Effect in Three-dimensional Donor–Acceptor Magnet: Percolated Magnetic Pathways Dominated by Local Electron Transfers
Authors: Fukunaga Hiroki , Kosaka Wataru , Miyasaka Hitoshi 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
In an electron-donor (D)–electron-acceptor (A) three-dimensional assembly series with a D2A formulation, their magnetic properties were tuned by doping another D unit with a stronger electron-donating ability capable of reducing A− to A2−. The magnetic-phase-transition temperature (Tc) of doped compounds nonlinearly decreases with increasing doping rate.
Fabrication of α-Bi2O3 Microrods by Solvothermal Method and Their Photocatalytic Performance
Authors: Wang Jian , Liu Jun , Wang Bingbing , Zhu LinLin , Hu JieHui , Xu Hongbo 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
An ethanol–water (CH3CH2OH–H2O) system was designed to synthesize α-Bi2O3 microrods by a mild and one-step solvothermal method in the presence of surfactant dodecylamine (C12H27N). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) were employed to characterize the structure and morphology of the samples. The photocatalytic activity of α-Bi2O3 microrods was evaluated by the degradation of Methyl Orange (MO) under visible-light irradiation (λ &gt; 420 nm), which was up to 90% within 4 h.
Fluoride Exposure, Caregiver Education, and Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (dmft) in 2-5 year-old English or Spanish Speaking Children
Authors: Uceda Paola R. , Sanzone Lauren A. , Phillips Ceib L. , Roberts Michael W. 
Published: December 2013

Dental caries is a multifactorial disease that includes behavioral and cultural components. The study’s purpose was to determine the caries experienced (as measured by dmft) in a group of 2-5 y/o children, assess their family and home environment including consumption of fluoridated drinking water, use of a fluoride containing dentifrice, and level of caregiver formal education.Parents of children referred for dental treatment under general anesthesia and who either spoke and read English or Spanish were recruited and consent obtained. Selected information on the family home, parental education and selected fluoride contact data was obtained. An oral clinical examination of the child assisted by intraoral radiographs was completed and the number of decayed, missing, filled primary teeth (dmft) recorded for each child. Bitewings were obtained if posterior or anterior teeth contacts were closed but only periapical radiographs were obtained if contacts were open. Children of English speaking caregivers had statistically more dmft after controlling for the effect of the child’s age and years of parental education (p=0.04). English speaking families had lived in their current home longer and the parent had more formal education than did the Spanish speaking parent. When available, the English children drank municipal tap water more often than did the Spanish children. Spanish speaking parents often chose bottled drinking water. No difference between the two groups was found in the use of tap water for cooking or the use of fluoridated dentifrice.In conclusion, increased parent education, language spoken by the parents and time living in the current home were not associated with lower dmft. Drinking fluoridated drinking water did not affect the dmft. However, using fluoridated water when available to cook and using fluoride containing dentifrice by both groups may have been mutually beneficial.