bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Antipoverty Transfer Programmes in Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa. Better Policies? Better Politics?
Authors: Barrientos Armando , Villa Juan Miguel 
Published: May 2015

AbstractTwo broad explanations can be offered for the incidence of impact evaluations in antipoverty transfer programmes in developing countries. The first, and arguably dominant, explanation suggests this is a consequence of a shift towards evidence-based development policy. A second explanation emphasises the complementary role of policy competition and political factors in motivating evaluations. The paper assesses the relevance of the latter in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa through (i) a comparison of evaluation practice and (ii) the analysis of a new database of flagship antipoverty transfer programmes.
Sap flow index as an indicator of water storage use
Authors: Nadezhdina Nadezhda , Čermák Jan , Downey Alec , Nadezhdin Valeriy , Perämäki Martti , Soares David Jorge , Pinto Clara A. , Soares David Teresa 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Symmetrical temperature difference also known as the sap flow index (SFI) forms the basis of the Heat Field Deformation sap flow measurement and is simultaneously collected whilst measuring the sap flow. SFI can also be measured by any sap flow method applying internal continuous heating through the additional installation of an axial differential thermocouple equidistantly around a heater. In earlier research on apple trees SFI was found to be an informative parameter for tree physiological studies, namely for assessing the contribution of stem water storage to daily transpiration. The studies presented in this work are based on the comparative monitoring of SFI and diameter in stems of different species (Pseudotsuga menziesii, Picea omorika, Pinus sylvestris) and tree sizes. The ability of SFI to follow the patterns of daily stem water storage use was empirically confirmed by our data. Additionally, as the HFD multipointsensors can measure sap flow at several stem sapwood depths, their use allowed to analyze the use of stored water in different xylem layers through SFI records. Radial and circumferential monitoring of SFI on large cork oak trees provided insight into the relative magnitude and timing of the contribution of water stored in different sapwood layers or stem sectors to transpiration.
Turbulence characteristics of favorable pressure gradient flows in gravel-bed channel with vegetated walls
Authors: Fazel Najafabadi Elham , Afzalimehr Hossein , Sui Jueyi 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Field observations showed that in many gravel-bed rivers, rice stems and gravel interact with each other and affect the flow structure. This calls to conduct research in more details in laboratory to better understand impacts of interaction between rice stems and gravel bed rivers on the flow structure. The outcome of such investigations can improve the estimation of drag coefficient in hydrodynamic models. Experiments were carried out in a flume with gravel bed and the vegetated vertical flume walls to investigate turbulence characteristics under favorable pressure gradient flows. Results showed that the stress fraction involves both the sweep and ejection dominance near the vegetated flume walls, showing no negative Reynolds shear stress near water surface. The values of exuberance ratio play a significant role on the magnitude of the Reynolds shear stress which varies with the distance from the vegetation. Quadrant analysis reveals that a major part of the momentum flux is transported during a short period of strong turbulence activity near the bed at the central axis. Augmentation of the hole size makes difference between contributions of sweep and ejection with those of the outward and inward interactions near the bed, however, the hole size doesn’t play any role near the water surface.
New automatic minidisk infiltrometer: design and testing
Authors: Klípa Vladimír , Sněhota Michal , Dohnal Michal 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Soil hydraulic conductivity is a key parameter to predict water flow through the soil profile. We have developed an automatic minidisk infiltrometer (AMI) to enable easy measurement of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity using the tension infiltrometer method in the field. AMI senses the cumulative infiltration by recording change in buoyancy force acting on a vertical solid bar fixed in the reservoir tube of the infiltrometer. Performance of the instrument was tested in the laboratory and in two contrasting catchments at three sites with different land use. Hydraulic conductivities determined using AMI were compared with earlier manually taken readings. The results of laboratory testing demonstrated high accuracy and robustness of the AMI measurement. Field testing of AMI proved the suitability of the instrument for use in the determination of sorptivity and near saturated hydraulic conductivity
Flow characteristics at trapezoidal broad-crested side weir
Authors: Říha Jaromír , Zachoval Zbyněk 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Broad-crested side weirs have been the subject of numerous hydraulic studies; however, the flow field at the weir crest and in front of the weir in the approach channel still has not been fully described. Also, the discharge coefficient of broad-crested side weirs, whether slightly inclined towards the stream or lateral, still has yet to be clearly determined. Experimental research was carried out to describe the flow characteristics at low Froude numbers in the approach flow channel for various combinations of in- and overflow discharges. Three side weir types with different oblique angles were studied. Their flow characteristics and discharge coefficients were analyzed and assessed based on the results obtained from extensive measurements performed on a hydraulic model. The empirical relation between the angle of side weir obliqueness, Froude numbers in the up- and downstream channels, and the coefficient of obliqueness was derived.
Macroscopic and microscopic typology: Basic Valence Orientation, more pertinacious than meets the naked eye
Authors: Plank Frans , Lahiri Aditi 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBasic Valence Orientation has been suggested as a typological parameter by Nichols, Peterson, & Barnes (2004). Generalising over the entire lexicon, the idea is that languages can be distinguished as transitivising or detransitivising, depending on whether their verbs are basically intransitive or transitive and the opposite valency values require some means of derivation, such as causativisation or decausativisation. Whereas derivedness among valency opposites is assessed through easy-to-spot overt segmental morphological or syntactic markers by
Two possible universals: The Major Biactant Construction; the twofold notion of subject
Authors: Lazard Gilbert 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAre grammatical relations universals or only convenient comparative notions? In this article, it is claimed that, behind current grammatical notions, there might exist universal finer-grained relationships. Two likely universal invariants are presented as hypotheses: (i) The Major Biactant Construction, defined as the construction expressing prototypical action in any language, is also universally used as a model pattern for the expression of other kinds of events. (ii) The traditional notion of subject (in accusative languages) is a conflation of two different functions, predication subject and reference subject, which are separated both in ergative languages and in affective/experiential constructions. These hypotheses have to be systematically tested by extensive investigation. After verification, being located at the core of the syntax of any language, they will entail consequences of the utmost importance for typology.
Symmetry or asymmetry? Cross-border openness of service providers in Polish-Czech and Polish-German border towns
Authors: Dołzbłasz Sylwia 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The symmetry and/or asymmetry in terms of cross-border openness of service providers is examined in this article, for the cases of two border twin towns: Cieszyn/Český Těšín at the Polish-Czech border, and Gubin/Guben at the Polish-German border. To assess the level of openness of firms towards clients from the other side of the border, four trans-border categories were examined: neighbour’s language visible at store location; business offers in the language of the neighbour; the possibilities of payment in the neighbour’s currency; and the staff’s knowledge of the language. This enabled a comparison of both parts of the particular twin towns in relation to the character of cross-border openness, as well as an assessment of their symmetry/asymmetry. Comparisons of Gubin/Guben and Cieszyn/Český Těšín with respect to the analysed features were also carried out. The analysis shows significant variation in the level of cross-border openness towards clients from neighbouring countries. Whereas in the Polish-Czech town a relative symmetry was observed, in the Polish-German case, significant asymmetry was noted.
The distribution of selected CORINE land cover classes in different natural landscapes in Slovakia: Methodological framework and applications
Authors: Pazúr Róbert , OŤaheľ Ján , Maretta Martin 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The distribution of selected CORINE land cover classes in different physical conditions was subject to modelling, analysis and evaluation in this article. In three regions with different geo-relief, the occurrence of land cover classes was analysed by using determinants commonly used in land-use models. Using three different modelling frameworks, the importance of methodological design in land-cover modelling was demonstrated. High levels of explanatory power for the factors defined here were found in landscapes of high heterogeneity. Findings derived from the statistical models highlight the importance of landscape disaggregation by natural conditions in complex land-cover or land-use models.
Cognitive Phenomenology and Indirect Sense
Authors: Richards Bradley 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Acquaintance with the non-sensory cognitive phenomenology of a given intentional content can act as a Fregean sense presenting that content. This provides (i) a mechanism for acquaintance with (a kind of) sense, (ii) a sense that is subject and context invariant, and (iii) a mechanism for the immediate presentation of a referent. This kind of sense can be used to defend Kripke’s acquaintance-based development of Frege’s claim that when a sentence S is embedded in an attitude ascription it refers to the thought that S expresses in that context (and not its unembedded referent, the true).
Neutronic analysis for core conversion (HEU–LEU) of the low power research reactor using the MCNP4C code
Authors: Aldawahra Saadou , Khattab Kassem , Saba Gorge 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Comparative studies for conversion of the fuel from HEU to LEU in the miniature neutron source reactor (MNSR) have been performed using the MCNP4C code. The HEU fuel (UAl4-Al, 90% enriched with Al clad) and LEU (UO2 12.6% enriched with zircaloy-4 alloy clad) cores have been analyzed in this study. The existing HEU core of MNSR was analyzed to validate the neutronic model of reactor, while the LEU core was studied to prove the possibility of fuel conversion of the existing HEU core. The proposed LEU core contained the same number of fuel pins as the HEU core. All other structure materials and dimensions of HEU and LEU cores were the same except the increase in the radius of control rod material from 0.195 to 0.205 cm and keeping the outer diameter of the control rod unchanged in the LEU core. The effective multiplication factor (keff
), excess reactivity (ρ
ex
), control rod worth (CRW), shutdown margin (SDM), safety reactivity factor (SRF), delayed neutron fraction (β
eff
) and the neutron fluxes in the irradiation tubes for the existing and the potential LEU fuel were investigated. The results showed that the safety parameters and the neutron fluxes in the irradiation tubes of the LEU fuels were in good agreements with the HEU results. Therefore, the LEU fuel was validated to be a suitable choice for fuel conversion of the MNSR in the future.
Peptidomics in veterinary science: focus on bovine paratuberculosis
Authors: Piras Cristian , Soggiu Alessio , Greco Viviana , Alloggio Isabella , Bonizzi Luigi , Roncada Paola 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBacterial infections represent a serious burden both for animal production and human health (zoonosis). Faster and more reliable diagnosis are mandatory in order to avoid economic losses and antibiotics misuse. The development of new potential diagnostic strategies for the immunodetection of pathogens is closely linked to the discovery of small polypeptides with immunogenic or immunoreactive activity. The candidate peptides used for this purpose must have several properties principally represented by their specificity and their location in the bacterial cell. Both proteomics, peptidomics and bioinformatics represent powerful complementary tools to discover specific immunoreactive peptides useful for diagnosis or vaccine. Peptidomics of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) represents a good example of the potential of this discovery-phase. This review reports a comprehensive update of the current scientific knowledge about proteins and peptides of MAP with already documented humoral response. These findings, together with bioinformatics tools available, could be extremely useful to design a better strategy for subclinical bovine paratuberculosis diagnosis. The knowledge provided also represents a reliable example on the workflow to be followed in the direction of the diagnosis of other diseases through a peptidomic approach.
The Components of Sideward Movement in the Verb Copying Construction in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Kuo Pei-Jung 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In this paper, I explore the components of the sideward movement involved in the verb copying construction proposed by Cheng (2007). I first present some facts of the resultative de-clause of the verb copying construction which seems to be puzzling under Cheng’s analysis. An extended analysis is then proposed. Under the extended analysis, I propose that the sideward movement mechanism involved in the resultative de-clause can be further analyzed as internal topicalization plus differential object marking. This analysis of sideward movement is also attested in the manner de-clause of the verb copying construction. The proposed components relate the sideward movement in the verb copying construction to the syntactic mechanisms which are also observed widely in Mandarin Chinese and other languages.
Drinking Water Quality and the Geospatial Distribution of Notified Gastro-Intestinal Infections / Kvaliteta Pitne Vode in Geoprostorska Porazdelitev Prijavljenih Črevesnih Okužb
Authors: Grilc Eva , Gale Ivanka , Veršič Aleš , Žagar Tina , Sočan Maja 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Introduction. Even brief episodes of fecal contamination of drinking water can lead directly to illness in the consumers. In water-borne outbreaks, the connection between poor microbial water quality and disease can be quickly identified. The impact of non-compliant drinking water samples due to E. coli taken for regular monitoring on the incidence of notified acute gastrointestinal infections has not yet been studied.
Methods. The objective of this study was to analyse the geographical distribution of notified acute gastrointestinal infections (AGI) in Slovenia in 2010, with hotspot identification. The second aim of the study was to correlate the fecal contamination of water supply system on the settlement level with the distribution of notified AGI cases. Spatial analysis using geo-information technology and other methods were used.
Results. Hot spots with the highest proportion of notified AGI cases were mainly identified in areas with small supply zones. The risk for getting AGI was drinking water contaminated with E. coli from supply zones with 50-1000 users: RR was 1.25 and significantly greater than one (p-value less than 0.001).
Conclusion. This study showed the correlation between the frequency of notified AGI cases and noncompliant results in drinking water monitoring.
The Effect of Educational Intervention on The Patient’S Willingness to Carry Out The Immunochemical Faecal Occult Blood Test for Colorectal Cancer / Vpliv Izobraževalnega Ukrepa Na Pacientovo Pripravljenost Za Izvedbo Imunokemičnega Testa Za Določanje Okultne Krvi V Blatu Za Raka Debelega Črevesa In Danke
Authors: Tsvetanova Dimova Rositsa , Dimitrova Dimitrova Donka , Gencheva Stoyanova Rumiana , Angelova Levterova Boriana , Georgiev Atanasov Nikolay , Spiridonova Assenova Radost 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Background. There is now compelling evidence that screening for colorectal cancer may result in significantly reduced mortality. Screening tests for colorectal cancer are not systematically performed in Bulgaria.
Aim. This article explores the effect of an educational intervention on the willingness of patients to participate in the screening for colorectal cancer with the immunochemical faecal occult blood test in the home setting.
Materials and methods. A before-after design study of the effects of educational intervention comprising distribution of a brochure and one-to-one discussion with a GP. A self-administered, original questionnaire was administered before and after the intervention to 600 randomly selected patients in 40 general practices (15 patients per practice) in Plovdiv district.
Results. The intervention led to an increase with >20% of the patient’s knowledge of the importance of the test and on how to carry out the test. Statistical analysis indicated that there was an increase in knowledge after the educational intervention about the usefulness of the test (24.8% in males, 18.3% in females) and its performance (22.7% in males, 25.4% in females).
Conclusion. The educational intervention has significantly influenced the patient’s awareness about the test’s usefulness and its self-administration. It improved the awareness by providing an easy access to information, thus fostering the active involvement of the patients. A strength of the intervention was the patient-centered approach in providing additional information through one-to-one discussions, and it ensured a higher quality of the preventive screening in the general practice.
The maximum multiplicity and the two largest
multiplicities of eigenvalues in a Hermitian
matrix whose graph is a tree
Authors: Fernandes Rosário 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The maximum multiplicity of an eigenvalue in a matrix whose graph is a tree, M1, was understood
fully (froma combinatorial perspective) by C.R. Johnson, A. Leal-Duarte (Linear Algebra and Multilinear Algebra
46 (1999) 139-144). Among the possible multiplicity lists for the eigenvalues of Hermitian matrices whose
graph is a tree, we focus upon M2, the maximum value of the sum of the two largest multiplicities when the
largest multiplicity is M1. Upper and lower bounds are given for M2. Using a combinatorial algorithm, cases
of equality are computed for M2.
Explicit formulas for the constituent matrices.
Application to the matrix functions
Authors: Taher R. Ben , Rachidi M. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
We present a constructive procedure for establishing explicit formulas of the constituents matrices.
Our approach is based on the tools and techniques from the theory of generalized Fibonacci sequences. Some
connections with other results are supplied. Furthermore,we manage to provide tractable expressions for the
matrix functions, and for illustration purposes we establish compact formulas for both the matrix logarithm
and the matrix pth root. Some examples are also provided.
Unitary automorphisms of the space of Toeplitz-plus-Hankel matrices
Authors: Abdikalykov A.K. , Chugunov V.N. , Ikramov Kh.D. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Our motivation was a paper of 1991 indicating three special unitary matrices that map Hermitian
Toeplitz matrices by similarity into real Toeplitz-plus-Hankel matrices. Generalizing this result, we give a
complete description of unitary similarity automorphisms of the space of Toeplitz-plus-Hankel matrices.
Completely positive matrices over Boolean algebras and their CP-rank
Authors: Mohindru Preeti 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Drew, Johnson and Loewy conjectured that for n ≥ 4, the CP-rank of every n × n completely positive real matrix is at most [n2/4]. In this paper, we prove this conjecture for n × n completely positive matrices over Boolean algebras (finite or infinite). In addition,we formulate various CP-rank inequalities of completely positive matrices over special semirings using semiring homomorphisms.
The Dialectal Provenance of London, Wellcome Library, Ms 5262
Authors: Esteban-Segura Laura 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This paper takes into consideration the language found in London, Wellcome Library, MS 5262, a one-volume codex from the early fifteenth century which holds a medical recipe collection. The manuscript, written in Middle English (and with a few fragments in Latin), represents a fine exemplar of a remedybook, a type of writing that has been traditionally considered to be popular. The main aim is to study the dialect of the text contained in folios 3v-61v in order to localise it geographically. The methodology followed for the purpose is grounded on the model supplied by the Linguistic Atlas of Late Mediaeval English (LALME) (McIntosh et al. 1986), which consists of several stages including the completion of a survey questionnaire, the creation of the linguistic profile of the text and the application of the ‘fit’-technique (McIntosh et al. 1986, vol. 1: 10-12; Benskin 1991). Extralinguistic features of the manuscript may also be taken into consideration. This comprehensive analysis will help us to circumscribe the dialectal provenance and/or local origin of the text accurately.
Middle English Preposition Twēn(E)
Authors: Ciszek-Kiliszewska Ewa 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The present paper focuses on the Middle English preposition twēn(e) ‘between, among, in between’. The aim of the study is to review the acknowledged etymology of twēn(e) as well as to provide its semantics, dialect distribution, complete textual distribution (record of texts employing twēn(e)), and absolute token frequency. Moreover, all texts including the preposition twēn(e) are subject to an analysis of the whole variety of prepositions meaning ‘between’ and their token frequency in order to establish the proportions of the use of twēn(e) and other discussed prepositions, especially the better established preposition betwēn(e) in texts employing twēn(e). The study is based on such extensive electronic databases as the Middle English Dictionary online, the Oxford English Dictionary online and the Corpus of Middle English Prose and Verse as well as on a number of complete Middle English texts. The study of the corpus demonstrates the presence of twēn(e) and other prepositions meaning ‘between’ also in texts not listed by the Middle English Dictionary online or the Oxford English Dictionary online under appropriate entries, and thus helps to provide a more complete record of texts and authors utilizing twēn(e) and the extent of use of twēn(e) as compared to other prepositions meaning ‘between’. Moreover, the study demonstrates that also the other discussed prepositions are often not recorded in particular texts by the MED online or the OED online. In more general terms, the paper points out the need for the use of complete texts for the study of historical prepositions.