bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prompt gamma activation analysis for boron determination in the tens of milligram range at the HOTNES facility
Authors: Bedogni R. , Russo L. , Campoy A. I. Castro , Dashdondog D. , Caballero-Pacheco M. A. , Calamida A. , Pietropaolo A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBoron is an elective element for the Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA), due to its exceptionally large neutron capture cross section. This technique, usually performed in nuclear reactors with neutron fluxes as high as 108 cm−2 s−1, can determine quantities of boron as low as tens of nanograms. Some applications, such as the industry of neutron shielding materials, would better benefit from a less sensitive but more portable and accessible boron PGAA, which could be established at construction or fabrication sites. For these purposes ENEA and INFN jointly setup a compact PGAA based on a 0.5 cm3 Cadmium–Zinc–Telluride gamma spectrometer and the HOTNES thermal neutron source. Relying on a series of borated resins with known composition and on comprehensive experimental and Monte Carlo evaluations, this technique features a detection limit in the order of few milligrams in terms of boron mass. As the facility consists simply on a lab-scale neutron source and a polyethylene block with well-established geometry, this simplified PGAA system is suited to be replicated or transported to construction or fabrication sites for QA/QC purposes on borated construction materials for the nuclear sector.
Electric field-induced electronic structure and intersubband transitions of a hydrogen molecular ion in a gaussian-type quantum ring
Authors: Sakiroglu S. , Sari H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this work, the influence of an external electric field on the electronic structure and intersubband transitions of a singly ionized double-donor system in a GaAs quantum ring defined by Gaussian-type potentials is investigated theoretically. Within the framework of the effective mass approach, the two-dimensional diagonalization method is used for the solution of the Schrödinger equation to obtain the eigen energies and corresponding wave functions. Numerical results reveal that the electronic energy spectrum and the linear optical absorption coefficient of the ring are remarkably affected by the strength of the lateral electric field, internuclear distance and parameters defining the confinement potential. Also, it has been shown that beyond the anti-crossing point, the wave functions exchange their symmetries without mixing, which is a characteristic feature of energy-level anti-crossing.
Optimizing quantum refrigerators with a qubit on the hot side
Authors: Fernández J. J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe study the performance of one-qubit quantum and semiclassic refrigerators with the qubit on the hot side. We obtain the cooling power and the $$\Omega$$
Ω
function. We discover that the quantum refrigerators perform differently to classic ones. We also prove that even in the high-temperature limit, where the semiclassic version of the refrigerator is valid, the results of the optimization are different to those obtained by optimizing classic refrigerators.
The Relationship between Structure of the Wrist and Function in a Japanese and Caucasian Population
Authors: WOLLSTEIN Ronit , MAYMON Yael , IKEGUCHI Ryosuke , BDOLAH-ABRAM Tali , LURIA Shai 
Published: July 2024

Background: Factors such as age and joint structure affect normal wrist motion. The midcarpal joint participates in flexion/extension, radial-ulnar/deviation (RUD), and since lunate/wrist type-2 is likely more stable than a lunate/wrist type-1, we suggest that midcarpal joint structure will affect wrist motion. Our purpose was to compare wrist motion in Caucasian and Japanese populations and to associate motion with midcarpal joint morphology. We hypothesised that radiographic structure would correlate with wrist motion. Methods: A total of 164 patients with normal wrist radiographs were included. Clinical measurements included wrist extension, flexion and RUD. Radiographic measurements included the radiocarpal joint: ulnar variance, radial height, radial inclination, volar inclination and carpal joint measurements: lunate type, capitate circumference and each of its joints contact measured and calculated as a proportion of capitate circumference. Results: The groups differed in wrist motion and in multiple radiographic measurements. When the two populations were analysed together, there were no significant associations between midcarpal joint type and wrist motion. The radiocarpal joint: ulnar variance was correlated with extension and radial deviation. Radial height was directly related to flexion, and both radial height and radial inclination were directly correlated with ulnar deviation. The intracarpal measurements: The main measurement affecting motion was the contact between the capitate and the scaphoid (as a proportion of capitate circumference) with lesser correlations of the contact of the capitate with the trapezoid and hamate. The most significant measurement associated with a lunate type-2 was scaphoid contact with the capitate p = 0.01. Logistic regression demonstrated that the measurements most associated with wrist motion were scaphoid contact with the capitate/capitate circumference and hamate contact with the capitate/capitate. Conclusions: This study supports discrepancies in wrist motion amongst different racial cohorts, and a relationship between bone/joint structure in the wrist and wrist motion. This can help treat wrist pathology. Level of Evidence: Level III (Diagnostic)
Age-Related Increases in IGFBP2 Increase Melanoma Cell Invasion and Lipid Synthesis
Authors: Alicea Gretchen M. , Patel Payal , Portuallo Marie E. , Fane Mitchell E. , Wei Meihan , Chhabra Yash , Dixit Agrani , Carey Alexis E. , Wang Vania , Rocha Murilo R. , Behera Reeti , Speicher David W. , Tang Hsin-Yao , Kossenkov Andrew V. , Rebecca Vito W. , Wirtz Denis , Weeraratna Ashani T. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aged patients with melanoma (&gt;65 years old) have more aggressive disease relative to young patients (&lt;55 years old) for reasons that are not completely understood. Analysis of the young and aged secretome from human dermal fibroblasts identified &gt;5-fold levels of IGF-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) in the aged fibroblast secretome. IGFBP2 functionally triggers upregulation of the PI3K-dependent fatty acid biosynthesis program in melanoma cells. Melanoma cells co-cultured with aged dermal fibroblasts have higher levels of lipids relative to those co-cultured with young dermal fibroblasts, which can be lowered by silencing IGFBP2 expression in fibroblasts prior to treating with conditioned media. Conversely, ectopically treating melanoma cells with recombinant IGFBP2 in the presence of conditioned media from young fibroblasts or overexpressing IGFBP2 in melanoma cells promoted lipid synthesis and accumulation in melanoma cells. Treatment of young mice with rIGFBP2 increases tumor growth. Neutralizing IGFBP2 in vitro reduces migration and invasion in melanoma cells, and in vivo studies demonstrate that neutralizing IGFBP2 in syngeneic aged mice reduces tumor growth and metastasis. Our results suggest that aged dermal fibroblasts increase melanoma cell aggressiveness through increased secretion of IGFBP2, stressing the importance of considering age when designing studies and treatment.

Significance:
The aged microenvironment drives metastasis in melanoma cells. This study reports that IGFBP2 secretion by aged fibroblasts induces lipid accumulation in melanoma cells, driving an increase in tumor invasiveness. Neutralizing IGFBP2 decreases melanoma tumor growth and metastasis.
FLT3/CD99 Bispecific Antibody–Based Nanoparticles for Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Ali Atham , Phan Alvin , Vaikari Vijaya , Park Mincheol , Pospiech Mateusz , Chu Ryan , Meng Yiting , MacKay J. Andrew , Alachkar Houda 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Cluster of differentiation 99 (CD99) is a receptor that is significantly upregulated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 internal tandem duplication mutation in AML (FLT3-ITD AML) exhibits even higher levels of CD99 expression. Our group previously employed a novel peptide platform technology called elastin-like polypeptides and fused it with single-chain antibodies capable of binding to FLT3 (FLT3-A192) or CD99 (CD99-A192). Targeting either FLT3 or CD99 using FLT3-A192 or CD99-A192 led to AML cell death and reduced leukemia burden in AML mouse models. Here, we report on the development of a novel Co-Assembled construct that is capable of binding to both CD99 and FLT3 and the antileukemia activity of the bispecific construct in FLT3-ITD AML preclinical models. This dual-targeting Co-Assembled formulation exhibits cytotoxic effects on AML cells (AML cell lines and primary blasts), reduced leukemia burden and prolonged survival in FLT3-ITD AML mouse models. Altogether, this study demonstrates the potential of an innovative therapeutic strategy that targets both FLT3 and CD99 in FLT3-ITD AML.

Significance:
This study investigates a dual-targeting strategy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), focusing on FLT3 and CD99. The approach demonstrates enhanced therapeutic potential, presenting a novel option for AML treatment.
Loss of Y Chromosome and Cardiovascular Events in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Weyrich Michael , Cremer Sebastian , Gerster Martin , Sarakpi Tamim , Rasper Tina , Zewinger Stephen , Patyna Sammy R. , Leistner David M. , Heine Gunnar H. , Wanner Christoph , März Winfried , Fliser Danilo , Dimmeler Stefanie , Zeiher Andreas M. , Speer Thimoteus 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:
Chronic kidney disease represents one of the strongest risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, and particularly for heart failure. Despite improved pharmaceutical treatments, mortality remains high. Recently, experimental studies demonstrated that mosaic loss of Y chromosome (LOY) associates with cardiac fibrosis in male mice. Since diffuse cardiac fibrosis is the common denominator for progression of all forms of heart failure, we determined the association of LOY on mortality and cardiovascular disease outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease.

METHODS:
LOY was quantified in men with stable chronic kidney disease (CARE for HOMe study, n=279) and dialysis patients (4D study, n=544). The association between LOY and mortality, combined cardiovascular and heart failure-specific end points, and echocardiographic measures was assessed.

RESULTS:
In CARE for HOMe, the frequency of LOY increased with age. LOY >17% was associated with increased mortality (heart rate, 2.58 [95% CI, 1.33–5.03]) and risk for cardiac decompensation or death (heart rate, 2.30 [95% CI, 1.23–4.27]). Patients with LOY >17% showed a significant decline of ejection fraction and an increase of E/E’ within 5 years. Consistently, in the 4D study, LOY >17% was significantly associated with increased mortality (heart rate, 2.76 [95% CI, 1.83–4.16]), higher risk of death due to heart failure and sudden cardiac death (heart rate, 4.11 [95% CI, 2.09–8.08]), but not atherosclerotic events. Patients with LOY >17% showed significantly higher plasma levels of soluble interleukin 1 receptor-like 1, a biomarker for myocardial fibrosis. Mechanistically, intermediate monocytes from patients with LOY >17% showed significantly higher C-C chemokine receptor type 2 expression and higher plasma levels of the C-C chemokine receptor type 2 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, which may have contributed to increased heart failure events.

CONCLUSIONS:
LOY identifies male patients with chronic kidney disease at high risk for mortality and heart failure events.
On Contracted Negation in Scots
Authors: Sobin Nicholas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Thoms et al. (2023) propose a system of negation involving two base–generated NegPs, one below T and the other above T, claiming that negative inflections do not syntactically attach to T, but merge with T morphophonologically. Their analysis is driven by the distribution of the contracted negative inflection –nae in Scots negative imperatives and assumptions about adverbial positioning. Clitic vs. affix is claimed insufficient to characterize –nae vs. –n’t. However, further considerations of adverb positioning and other phenomena demonstrate that the two–NegP analysis is unnecessary, and that the clitic/affix distinction can characterize –nae and –n’t, respectively.
How Interaction Techniques Affect Workload in a Virtual Environment During Multitasking
Authors: Verhulst Eulalie , Banville Frédéric , Allain Philippe , Richard Paul 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Virtual environments (VEs) can be modulated and adapted to the needs of each user, but in the case of patients, performance can be affected by several factors that are difficult to expertise. The objective of the study is to explore the relationship between workload and the interaction techniques used during selection in a virtual apartment. Fifty-six participants performed tasks in a VE with 2D or, more immersive, 3D interaction techniques. The VE used was the Virtual Multitasking Test (Banville et al., 2018) where participants realized several everyday tasks in a virtual apartment. Workload and variables describing how individuals felt in the VE were measured using questionnaires, and performance in VE has been assessed. Results showed that 2D selection techniques have a better usability than 3D ones. The performance (success in task realization) on the virtual tasks was not impacted by the interaction techniques. Our results suggest that the easier it is to use an interaction technique, the less workload is associated with it. Sense of presence and cybersickness were affected by 3D interaction techniques. Thus, future VEs for cognitive assessment and rehabilitation, based on instrumental activities of daily living, will have to adapt their interaction techniques to different users.
A Priori Test of Scale-Similarity Parameterizations for Subgrid-Scale Fluxes in Convective Storms
Authors: Watanabe Shun-ich I. , Ito Junshi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study evaluates a parameterization scheme for subgrid-scale (SGS) fluxes based on the scale-similarity assumption and employing a large-eddy simulation of an idealized back-building convective system. In this parameterization, the SGS fluxes are decomposed into the “Leonard term,” which depends only on the resolved scale components, the “Reynolds term,” which depends only on the SGS components, and the “cross term,” which corresponds to the interaction between the resolved scale and SGS components. Assuming a linear relationship between the Leonard term and the Reynolds and cross terms, SGS fluxes are expressed as the product of an empirical coefficient and the Leonard term. The Leonard term reasonably represents the SGS flux derived by a smooth filter operation, including the countergradient vertical SGS transport of potential temperature, which cannot be represented by a traditional eddy-diffusivity model. The dependence of the empirical coefficient on filter width is also evaluated. This dependence is related mainly to the Reynolds term, the magnitude of which varies widely with the filter width. The estimation based on the spectral decomposition of the Reynolds term explains the obtained dependence of the empirical coefficient for the vertical flux on filter width. In contrast, the variation of the empirical coefficient with filter width is not required to obtain the horizontal flux. For the parameterization of SGS fluxes in kilometer-scale models that use finite difference or volume methods, the Leonard term is expressed by the horizontal gradient of variables on a discrete grid. The Leonard term on a discrete grid also accurately represents the amplitude and spatial pattern of the SGS flux.

Significance Statement
Kilometer-scale numerical weather prediction models can reproduce deep convection explicitly. However, they cannot reproduce smaller inner structures within this deep convection. Therefore, a parameterization scheme that can express the nature of the transport associated with such structures is required. Using a large-eddy simulation with a horizontal resolution sufficient to express such inner structures, we evaluated a parameterization based on the scale similarity assumption, including an empirical coefficient. Based on spectral decomposition, we quantitatively estimated the relationship between the empirical coefficient and grid spacing. Our results provide guidance in selecting the value of the empirical coefficient in this parameterization.
Chronic graft-versus-host disease: unresolved complication or ancient history?
Authors: Pidala Joseph A. , Gooley Ted A. , Luznik Leo , Blazar Bruce R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is associated with morbidity, mortality, impaired quality of life, prolonged immunosuppressive therapy, and infection risk after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Major strides have occurred in the understanding of cGVHD biology; National Institutes of Health Consensus meetings have refined rigorous approaches to diagnosis, staging, and response criteria; major interventional trials have established standard benchmarks for treatment outcome; and 3 agents to date have been US Food and Drug Administration approved for treating corticosteroid-refractory cGVHD. Promising results from several recent trials have led some, but not others, to conclude that the risk of developing cGVHD is sufficiently low to be considered a major post-HCT complication of the past. We propose that it is time to critically examine the results of contemporary graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis regimens and discuss the state of the science and associated controversies in the spectrum of conclusions reached as to the risk of cGVHD. With these data, the current cGVHD incidence can be most precisely determined, and the present and future burden of cGVHD-affected patients can be accurately modeled. Through review of existing evidence, we highlight unresolved needs and opportunities to refine best GVHD prophylaxis or preemptive therapy approaches and optimize established cGVHD therapy, and make the argument that support of preclinical and clinical research is critical in improving patient outcomes.
A brain organoid/ALL coculture model reveals the AP-1 pathway as critically associated with CNS involvement of BCP-ALL
Authors: Gebing Philip , Loizou Stefanos , Hänsch Sebastian , Schliehe-Diecks Julian , Spory Lea , Stachura Pawel , Jepsen Vera H. , Vogt Melina , Pandyra Aleksandra A. , Wang Herui , Zhuang Zhengping , Zimmermann Johannes , Schrappe Martin , Cario Gunnar , Alsadeq Ameera , Schewe Denis M. , Borkhardt Arndt , Lenk Lennart , Fischer Ute , Bhatia Sanil 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) involvement remains a clinical hurdle in treating childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). The disease mechanisms of CNS leukemia are primarily investigated using 2-dimensional cell culture and mouse models. Given the variations in cellular identity and architecture between the human and murine CNS, it becomes imperative to seek complementary models to study CNS leukemia. Here, we present a first-of-its-kind 3-dimensional coculture model combining human brain organoids and BCP-ALL cells. We noticed significantly higher engraftment of BCP-ALL cell lines and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) cells in cerebral organoids than non-ALL cells. To validate translatability between organoid coculture and in vivo murine models, we confirmed that targeting CNS leukemia–relevant pathways such as CD79a/Igα or C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4–stromal cell-derived factor 1 reduced the invasion of BCP-ALL cells into organoids. RNA sequencing and functional validations of organoid-invading leukemia cells compared with the noninvaded fraction revealed significant upregulation of activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor–complex members in organoid-invading cells. Moreover, we detected a significant enrichment of AP-1 pathway genes in PDX ALL cells recovered from the CNS compared with spleen blasts of mice that had received transplantation with TCF3::PBX1+ PDX cells, substantiating the role of AP-1 signaling in CNS disease. Accordingly, we found significantly higher levels of the AP-1 gene, jun proto-oncogene, in patients initially diagnosed as CNS-positive BCP-ALL compared with CNS-negative cases as well as CNS-relapse vs non–CNS-relapse cases in a cohort of 100 patients with BCP-ALL. Our results suggest CNS organoids as a novel model to investigate CNS involvement and identify the AP-1 pathway as a critical driver of CNS disease in BCP-ALL.
Modeling and Validation of Diamagnetic Rotor Levitated by Permanent Magnetics
Authors: Xu Yuanping , Zhang Yue , Zhou Jin , Jin Chaowu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs an innovative, low-power consuming, and low-stiffness suspension approach, the diamagnetic levitation technique has attracted considerable interest because of its potential applicability in miniaturized mechanical systems. The foundation of a diamagnetic levitation system is mathematical modeling, which is essential for operating performance optimization and stability prediction. However, few studies on systematic mathematical modeling have been reported. In this study, a systematic mathematical model for a disc-shaped diamagnetically levitated rotor on a permanent magnet array is proposed. Based on the proposed model, the magnetic field distribution characteristics, diamagnetic levitation force characteristics (i.e., levitation height and stiffness), and optimized theoretical conditions for realizing stable levitation are determined. Experiments are conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed mathematical model. Theoretical predictions and experimental results indicate that increasing the levitation height enlarges the stable region. Moreover, with a further increase in the rotor radius, the stable regions of the rotor gradually diminish and even vanish. Thus, when the levitation height is fixed, a moderate rotor radius permits stable levitation. This study proposes a mathematical modeling method for a diamagnetic levitation system that has potential applications in miniaturized mechanical systems.
Draft genome assemblies of the ponerine ant Odontoponera transversa and the carpenter ant Camponotus friedae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: Liu Jinlin , Xiong Zijun , Pan Youliang , Zhao Jie , Dai Wei , Guo Qunfei , Liu Weiwei , Li Qiye 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Ants are ecologically dominant insects in most terrestrial ecosystems, with more than 14,000 extant species in about 340 genera recorded to date. However, genomic resources are still scarce for most species, especially for species endemic in East or Southeast Asia, limiting the study of phylogeny, speciation and adaptation of this evolutionarily successful animal lineage. Here, we assemble and annotate the genomes of Odontoponera transversa and Camponotus friedae, two ant species with a natural distribution in China, to facilitate future study of ant evolution.

Data description
We obtained a total of 16 Gb and 51 Gb PacBio HiFi data for O. transversa and C. friedae, respectively, which were assembled into the draft genomes of 339 Mb for O. transversa and 233 Mb for C. friedae. Genome assessments by multiple metrics showed good completeness and high accuracy of the two assemblies. Gene annotations assisted by RNA-seq data yielded a comparable number of protein-coding genes in the two genomes (10,892 for O. transversa and 11,296 for C. friedae), while repeat annotations revealed a remarkable difference of repeat content between these two ant species (149.4 Mb for O. transversa versus 49.7 Mb for C. friedae). Besides, complete mitochondrial genomes for the two species were assembled and annotated.