bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of confined compressive strength of LRS‐FRP concrete specimens with computational intelligence
Authors: Chang Sleek , Arora Harish Chandra , Kumar Aman , Kontoni Denise‐Penelope N. , Kumar Prashant , Kapoor Nishant Raj , Singh Jagbir 
Published: August 2024

AbstractReinforced concrete structures deteriorate due to changes in temperature, corrosion, and attacks of sulfate and chloride contents. Retrofitting techniques like fiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) jacketing, known for their strength and corrosion resistance, are increasingly used to strengthen and retrofit deteriorated structural elements. Large rupture strain (LRS)‐FRP composite, composed of polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, both of which have high tensile strength and high strain at rupture have been used in the studies of many researchers. This research aims to develop a reliable and accurate machine learning (ML) model to estimate the compressive strength of LRS‐FRP confined specimens. A total of 303 LRS‐FRP confined specimens were gathered after a thorough literature review to develop ML models, utilizing the linear regression, support vector regression, regression tree, and artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms. Additionally, 44 analytical models (AMs) were used to compare the performance of the developed ML models. The results revealed that the performance of the developed ANN model was higher among all the ML and AMs. The R‐value and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) value of the developed ANN model were 0.9822 and 6.17%, respectively. The sensitivity analysis results show that the height of the specimens had the highest impact followed by the diameter of the specimen, the number of FRP layers and thickness, and then the tensile strength of LRS‐FRP. The ANN‐based mathematical expression is simple and easy to use to predict the compressive strength of the LRS‐FRP strengthened specimens.
Introduction
Authors: Englund Lena 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRecent years have seen migration become increasingly contested and debated, in Europe particularly since the so-called migrant crisis of 2015–2016, and in the United States in relation to the Trump administration 2017–2021. This book is a reaction to the aftermath and ongoing negotiation of both periods, focusing on contemporary writing that examines and addresses experiences of migration in European or American contexts. In addition to analysis of selected texts, this book investigates political narratives of migration that the material addresses and in the context of which the stories emerge. Different discourses surrounding migration also appear in media reviews and reports about the material examined. The introductory chapter addresses the title of the book and the themes examined in the five main chapters and offers a brief discussion of how migration has been theorized an analysed in cultural contexts. The importance of stories is emphasized and how they can be used to argue for a change in how migration is depicted, for greater political and social responsibility particularly in terms of treatment of asylum seekers and undocumented people.
Aspirations and Expectations
Authors: Englund Lena 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe material examined in this chapter; the essay collections The Good Immigrant (2017) and The Good Immigrant USA (2020) as well as Imbolo Mbue’s novel Behold the Dreamers (2017), address the topic of expectations and aspirations in personal, relational, cultural, societal, and political contexts. The titles of the collections reveal complex forces at play: the ‘good’ immigrant is represented as encountering prejudice and stereotyping along the way, caught between aspirations and expectations on all sides, many of which are more limiting than encouraging. Mbue’s novel offers a fictional account of the struggling African migrant without legal residence permit, versus their wealthy, somewhat ignorant employer. The texts examined revolve around migration as a choice, often in search of better prospects. The United States is represented in both essay collections as well as in Mbue’s novel as the land of hopes and dreams, the place to go in search of careers, wealth, and futures.
Three-dimensional analysis of posttreatment tooth movements despite bonded retainers: part II—lower jaw
Authors: Klaus Katharina , Kleinert Tobias , Ruf Sabine 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Complications of bonded lingual retainers in terms of unexpected tooth movements have been reported with increasing frequency during the last decade, but the vast majority of the literature comprises case reports. The purpose of the present retrospective case–control study was to analyze the amount and direction of unwanted tooth movements despite lower bonded retainers, to analyze possible predisposing pretreatment- and treatment-related factors, and to seek for movement thresholds which could enhance the rapid and objective identification of critical cases.

Methods
Plaster casts of 1026 patients who completed orthodontic treatment and a subsequent retention phase of 2 years were screened for unintentional tooth movements. The study group comprised 39 patients with tooth movements in the lower jaw, while 39 randomly selected patients without visible tooth movements served as the control group. For all patients, plaster casts after debonding of multibracket appliances (T1) and after supervised retention (T2) were digitized, and a three-dimensional (3D) digital superimposition based on the best fit of premolars and molars was undertaken. Thereafter, translational as well as rotational movements were measured in all three planes of space. Pretreatment- and treatment-related factors of the study and control groups were compared. A severity classification based on rotational movement thresholds was applied to seek a critical amount of translational movements.

Results
The mean translational movements ranged between 0 and 0.4 mm and the average rotational movements between 0 and 1.6°. Large individual movements up to 1.9 mm translation and 16° rotation were seen. A twist-effect with opposite movements of the canines along the Y‑axis could be confirmed. Compared to the control group, patients of the study group had a smaller intercanine distance at all timepoints. In addition, study group patients presented a slightly larger intercanine expansion during treatment and were more often affected by retainer bonding site detachments. Applying the severity classification based on rotational thresholds, translational movements of 0.5–1.0 mm along the X‑ and Y‑axis could serve as a critical threshold. It can be assumed that extrusive translational movements along the Z‑axis seem to be of specific nature and perhaps do not reflect a retainer complication in terms of unwanted tooth movements.

Conclusions
Patients with a larger intercanine distance after active treatment and those with more frequent retainer bonding site detachments could be at higher risk for unwanted tooth movements during fixed retention. Sagittal and transverse movements of 0.5–1.0 mm should sensitize the practitioner for further measures.
A New Fibrin-Heparine Coated Self-Expanding Stent for the Rescue Treatment of Intracranial Stenosis—a Multicentric Study
Authors: Dorn Franziska , Voss Yves Leonard , Zidan Mousa , Neuhaus Stephanie , Lehnen Nils , Stracke Paul , Schwindt Wolfram , Ergawy Mostafa , Dyzmann Christian , Moehlenbruch Markus , Jesser Jessica , Vollherbst Dominik , Moreu Manuel , Pérez-García Carlos , Bester Maxim , Flottmann Fabian , Simgen Andreas , Schob Stefan , Berlis Ansgar , Maurer Christoph , Buhk Jan Hendrik , Hentschel Hannah , Loehr Christian , Eckert Bernd , Saura Javier , Delgado Fernando , Paech Daniel , Nordmeyer Hannes 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Rescue intracranial stenting is necessary to provide sufficient recanalization after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with acute large vessel occlusions (LVO) due to an underlying intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD). The CREDO heal is a novel stent that provides a potentially lower thrombogenicity due to surface modification. We present the first multicentric experience with the CREDO heal for acute rescue stenting.

Methods
Data of 81 patients who underwent rescue stenting after MT at 12 centers in Germany and Spain were prospectively collected and retrospectively evaluated.

Results
Final mTICI 2b‑3 was reached in 95.1% after median two MT maneuvers and stenting. Four periprocedural complications resulted in clinical deterioration (4.9%). Intraparenchymal hemorrhage occurred in one patient (1.2%) and functional independence at FU was reached by 42% of the patients. Most interventions were performed under Gp IIb/IIIa inhibitors.

Conclusion
CREDO heal was effective and safe in our case series. However, more data is needed to define the optimal antithrombotic regime. The use under single antiplatelet medication is not supported by our study.
Microwave radar diagnostics of piston motion in a free-piston-driven expansion tube
Authors: Kurosaka Y. , Shimamura K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractApplication of microwave radar is a useful approach to gauge piston motion in a free-piston driver. One difficulty associated with conventional microwave technique is its spatial resolution during rapid velocity shifts at diaphragm rupture timings. This study, while departing from the standard practice of analyzing standing wave peaks, introduces an alternative by examining the phase shift of the microwave in-phase and quadrature signals. A compact free-piston-driven expansion tube, MX6.0, is used as the test bed for this technique. A microwave frequency of 4.2 GHz is used to take measurements in a compression tube with a diameter of 50 mm and a length of 2.0 m, tracking the motion of the piston. After arranging the microwave radar systems, the piston velocity and displacement trajectory are measured. Compared to the lower-resolution measurements using conventional microwave wavelength intervals, the use of microwave phase allowed for an exceptionally high spatial resolution in analyzing the piston motion.
Accuracy of vestibular schwannoma segmentation using deep learning models - a systematic review & meta-analysis
Authors: Łajczak Paweł , Matyja Jakub , Jóźwik Kamil , Nawrat Zbigniew 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Vestibular Schwannoma (VS) is a rare tumor with varied incidence rates, predominantly affecting the 60–69 age group. In the era of artificial intelligence (AI), deep learning (DL) algorithms show promise in automating diagnosis. However, a knowledge gap exists in the automated segmentation of VS using DL. To address this gap, this meta-analysis aims to provide insights into the current state of DL algorithms applied to MR images of VS.

Methodology
Following 2020 PRISMA guidelines, a search across four databases was conducted. Inclusion criteria focused on articles using DL for VS MR image segmentation. The primary metric was the Dice score, supplemented by relative volume error (RVE) and average symmetric surface distance (ASSD).

Results
The search process identified 752 articles, leading to 11 studies for meta-analysis. A QUADAS- 2 analysis revealed varying biases. The overall Dice score for 56 models was 0.89 (CI: 0.88–0.90), with high heterogeneity (I2 = 95.9%). Subgroup analyses based on DL architecture, MRI inputs, and testing set sizes revealed performance variations. 2.5D DL networks demonstrated comparable efficacy to 3D networks. Imaging input analyses highlighted the superiority of contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging and mixed MRI inputs.

Discussion
This study fills a gap in systematic review in the automated segmentation of VS using DL techniques. Despite promising results, limitations include publication bias and high heterogeneity. Future research should focus on standardized designs, larger testing sets, and addressing biases for more reliable results. DL have promising efficacy in VS diagnosis, however further validation and standardization is needed.

Conclusion
In conclusion, this meta-analysis provides comprehensive review into the current landscape of automated VS segmentation using DL. The high Dice score indicates promising agreement in segmentation, yet challenges like bias and heterogeneity must be addressed in the future research.
Large and interactive pipefish females display ornaments for longer with many males around
Authors: Waffender Anna , Henshaw Jonathan M. , Ahnesjö Ingrid , Kvarnemo Charlotta 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhy do animals display sexual ornaments – to attract mates, to compete for access to them, or both? In the broad-nosed pipefish (Syngnathus typhle), ornamented females commonly compete for access to males, whereas choosy males provide uniparental care. During courtship, females show a dynamic ornament, consisting of a row of dark B-shaped signs along the sides of their trunk. Here, we focus on the social context of female ornamentation and mating success (egg transfer) under experimentally female and male biased adult sex ratios. We found that the duration of female B-sign displays was not explained by adult sex ratios alone, but rather by sex ratios in combination with female body length and the number of female interactions. In detail, duration of B-sign display increased more steeply with the number of female-female interactions under the male biased adult sex ratio: that is, when more mating opportunities were available. Similarly, display duration increased with female body length, but only under the male biased adult sex ratio. In addition, successful egg transfer occurred more often in the male biased treatment and correlated significantly with female display duration in the same treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that in the context of the broad-nosed pipefish, the ornamental B-signs in females primarily serve as a sexually selected attractive signal. Our results highlight the importance of an interactive mating environment, male availability, and female size.
The role of ultra-processed foods in plant-based diets: associations with human health and environmental sustainability
Authors: Daas Merel C. , Vellinga Reina E. , Pinho Maria Gabriela M. , Boer Jolanda M. A. , Verschuren W. M. Monique , van der Schouw Yvonne T. , van’t Veer Pieter , Biesbroek Sander 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Investigate the associations of ultra-processed foods (UPF) in healthful (hPDI) and unhealthful (uPDI) plant-based diets with all-cause mortality, greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), and blue water consumption (BWC).

Methods
Analyses were based on 35,030 participants (20–70 years; 74% females) from the EPIC-NL cohort who were followed up from 1993 to 1997 through 2014. Plant-based diet indices (hPDI and uPDI) and UPF consumption were calculated from a validated FFQ, assessed at baseline. Cox proportional hazard and multiple linear regression models were used to estimate associations between combined quartiles of the PDI indices and UPF consumption.

Results
With lower hPDI and higher UPF diets as the reference, we observed the following. Risk estimates of all-cause mortality were 0.98 (95% CI: 0.83, 1.16) for lower UPF consumption, 0.86 (95% CI: 0.68, 1.08) for higher hPDI, and 0.78 (95% CI: 0.66, 0.89) for combined higher hPDI and lower UPF consumption. Results with the uPDI were inconclusive. Mean differences in GHGE and BWC were 1.4% (95% CI: 0.3, 2.4) and 1.6% (95% CI: -0.5, 3.7) for lower UPF consumption, -7.4% (95% CI: -8.6, -6.4) and 9.6% (95% CI: 7.2, 12.0) for higher hPDI, and − 6.8% (95% CI: -7.4, -6.1) and 13.1% (95% CI: 11.6, 14.8) for combined higher hPDI and lower UPF consumption. No apparent conflict between environmental impacts was observed for the uPDI; GHGE and BWC were lower for higher uPDI scores.

Conclusion
Mortality risk and environmental impacts were mostly associated with the amount of plant-based foods and to a lesser extent UPF in the diet. Shifting to a more healthful plant-based diet could improve human health and reduce most aspects of environmental impact (GHGE, but not BWC) irrespective of UPF consumption.
Minimally invasive subperiosteal pocket technique for Osia 2 system- implantation without fixation
Authors: Bere Zsofia , Nagy Roland , Posta Balint , Perenyi Adam , Fyrlund Henrik , Jarabin Janos , Dimak Balazs , Rovo Laszlo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The CochlearTM Osia® 2 is an active transcutaneous implant designed to treat patients with different types of hearing loss. Due to its size, implantation needs appropriate practice since the necessity of extended flap creation and bone work can be an issue in some cases. The goal of our study was to determine whether fixation of the OSI200 implant was necessary for the performance of patients with conductive or mild mixed hearing loss.
The vibroacoustic performance of the Osia 2 system, with and without BI300 fixation, was evaluated through tests conducted on a head model. In addition, three patients underwent surgery using the modified minimally invasive subperiosteal pocket technique; the OSI200 implant was placed in a tight subperiosteal pocket without fixing it with the BI300 implant. To evaluate the audiological performance of the non-fixated Osia 2 system, we compared the preoperative unaided pure tone and suprathreshold testing with the Baha 5 sound processor and the non-fixated Osia 2 system aided thresholds.
Initial results indicate that omitting fixation does not significantly impair the function of the Osia 2 system. The findings of the clinical assessment support the fact that the Osia 2 system performed better than the Baha 5 system on Softband, both in pure tone and suprathreshold tests.
According to our results, we have found that utilizing the subperiosteal pocket method and implanting Osia 2 without BI300 fixation may be a viable option. This approach has shown promising results in terms of improving hearing ability with minimalization of surgery related complications.
Exhaled Volatile Organic Compounds Detection in Pneumonia Screening: A Comprehensive Meta-analysis
Authors: He Juan , Zhong Ran , Xue Linlu , Wang Yixuan , Chen Yang , Xiong Zihui , Yang Ziya , Chen Sitong , Liang Wenhua , He Jianxing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Pneumonia is a common lower respiratory tract infection, and early diagnosis is crucial for timely treatment and improved prognosis. Traditional diagnostic methods for pneumonia, such as chest imaging and microbiological examinations, have certain limitations. Exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) detection, as an emerging non-invasive diagnostic technique, has shown potential application value in pneumonia screening.

Method
A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, with the retrieval time up to March 2024. The inclusion criteria were diagnostic studies evaluating exhaled VOCs detection for the diagnosis of pneumonia, regardless of the trial design type. A meta-analysis was performed using a bivariate model for sensitivity and specificity.

Results
A total of 14 diagnostic studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results demonstrated that exhaled VOCs detection had a combined sensitivity of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.92–0.95) and a combined specificity of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.81–0.84) in pneumonia screening, with an area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve (AUC) of 0.96. The pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 104.37 (95% CI: 27.93–390.03), and the pooled positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR) were 8.98 (95% CI: 3.88–20.80) and 0.11 (95% CI: 0.05–0.22), indicating a high diagnostic performance.

Conclusion
This study highlights the potential of exhaled VOCs detection as an effective, non-invasive screening method for pneumonia, which could facilitate future diagnosis in pneumonia. Further high-quality, large-scale studies are required to confirm the clinical utility of exhaled VOCs detection in pneumonia screening. Study registration: PROSPERO, Review no. CRD42024520498.
Peptidomimetic inhibitors of the VEGF-A165/NRP-1 complex obtained by modification of the C-terminal arginine
Authors: Tymecka Dagmara , Redkiewicz Patrycja , Lipiński Piotr F. J. , Misicka Aleksandra 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInhibitors of the interaction between Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A165 (VEGF-A165) hold significant promise as therapeutic and diagnostic agents directed against cancers overexpressing NRP-1. In our efforts in this field, a few series of strong and fairly stable peptide-like inhibitors of the general formula Lys(Har)1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Arg4 have been previously discovered. In the current work, we focused on Lys(Har)-Dap/Dab-Pro-Arg sequence. The aim was to examine whether replacing C-terminal Arg with its homologs and mimetics would yield more stable yet still potent inhibitors. Upon considering the results of modelling and other factors, ten novel analogues with Xaa4 = homoarginine (Har), 2-amino-4-guanidino-butyric acid (Agb), 2-amino-3-guanidino-propionic acid (Agp), citrulline (Cit), 4-aminomethyl-phenylalanine [Phe(4-CH2-NH2)] were designed, synthesized and evaluated. Two of the proposed modifications resulted in inhibitors with activity slightly lower [e.g. IC50 = 14.3 μM for Lys(Har)-Dab-Pro-Har and IC50 = 19.8 μM for Lys(Har)-Dab-Pro-Phe(4-CH2-NH2)] than the parent compounds [e.g. IC50 = 4.7 μM for Lys(Har)-Dab-Pro-Arg]. What was a surprise to us, the proteolytic stability depended more on position two of the sequence than on position four. The Dab2-analogues exhibited half-life times beyond 60 h. Our results build up the knowledge on the structural requirements that effective VEGF-A165/NRP-1 inhibitors should fulfil.
Phone-based virtual exploration of green space increases positive affect in students with test anxiety: a pre-post experimental study with qualitative insights
Authors: O’Meara Alison , Connery Tadgh , Chan Jason , Hearn Cleidi , Cassarino Marica , Setti Annalisa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNature confers a host of benefits including recovering from stress, replenishing attentional resources, improving mood, and decreasing negative thinking. Virtual nature, i.e. exposure to natural environments through technological means, has proven to also be efficacious in producing benefits, although more limitedly. Previous studies with immersive virtual reality with university students have shown that one bout of virtual nature can reduce negative affect in students with high test anxiety and can reduce feeling of worry and panic after several weeks of daily exposure. The present study aimed at replicating the effect of one bout of virtual nature on affect and extend it to cognition in a sample of university students with different levels of test anxiety. An inexpensive goggle + phone apparatus was utilized and the one bout of virtual nature was self-administered. 48 university students took part in the study, randomized between viewing a 360 degrees video of nature or of an urban environment. They completed the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the Cognitive Reflection Test before and after the exposure to the virtual environments and responded to open-ended questions about their experience of the intervention. Results showed improvements in positive affect in students with higher anxiety were obtained in the nature condition, no other effects were found. Qualitative appraisal indicated that participants in the nature condition felt more relaxed and focused, however the technical issues were detrimental to the benefits. In conclusion one bout of virtual nature could support students with higher test anxiety when confronted with examinations.