bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Duo photoprotective effect via silica-coated zinc oxide nanoparticles and Vitamin C nanovesicles composites
Authors: Kandil Soha M. , Diab Heba M. , Mahfoz Amal M. , Elhawatky Ahmed , Abdou Ebtsam M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are used widely in nowadays personal care products, especially sunscreens, as a protector against UV irradiation. Yet, they have some reports of potential toxicity. Silica is widely used to cage ZnO NPs to reduce their potential toxicity. Vitamin C derivative, Magnesium Ascorpyl Phosphate (MAP), is a potent antioxidant that can efficiently protect human skin from harmful impacts of UV irradiation and oxidative stress. The combination of silica coated ZnO NPs and MAP nanovesicles could have potential synergistic protective effect against skin photodamage.

Methods
Silica coated ZnO NPs and MAP nanovesicles (ethosomes and niosomes) were synthesized, formulated, and evaluated as topical gels. These gel formulations were evaluated in mice for their photoprotective effect against UV irradiation through histopathology and immuno-histochemistry study. Split-face clinical study was conducted to compare the effect of application of silica coated ZnO NPs either alone or combined with MAP nanovesicles. Their photoprotective action was evaluated, using Antera 3D® camera, for melanin level, roughness index and wrinkles depth.

Results
Silica coated ZnO NPs when combined with MAP nanovesicles protected mice skin from UV irradiation and decreased the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines, NF-κB. Clinically, silica coated ZnO NPs, alone or combined with MAP nanovesicles, could have significant effect to decrease melanin level, roughness index and wrinkles depth with higher effect for the combination.

Conclusion
A composite of silica coated ZnO NPs and MAP nanovesicles could be a promising cosmetic formulation for skin protection against photodamage signs such as hyperpigmentation, roughness, and wrinkles.

Graphical Abstract
Mechanized wet direct seeding for increased rice production efficiency and reduced carbon footprint
Authors: Van Hung Nguyen , Thach Tran Ngoc , Hoang Nguyen Ngoc , Binh Nguyen Cao Quan , Tâm Dang Minh , Hau Tran Tan , Anh Duong Thi Tu , Khuong Trinh Quang , Chi Vo Thi Bich , Lien Truong Thi Kieu , Gummert Martin , Rakotoson Tovohery , Saito Kazuki , Kumar Virender 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCrop establishment is one of the major rice production operations that strongly affects rice production, productivity, and environmental impacts. This research introduced a new technology and provided scientific evidence for the benefits of mechanized wet direct seeding (mDSR) of rice as compared with the other crop establishment practices commonly applied by farmers for wet direct seeded rice in Mekong River Delta in Vietnam, such as seeding in line using drum-seeder (dDSR) and broadcast seeding (bDSR). The experiment was implemented across two consecutive rice cropping seasons that are Winter-Spring season and Summer-Autumn season in 2020–2021. Treatments included (1–3) mDSR with seeding rates of 30, 50, and 70 kg ha− 1, (4) dDSR with 80 kg ha− 1 seed rate, and (5) bDSR as current farmer practice with seeding rate of 180 kg ha− 1. The fertilizer application was adjusted as per seeding rate with 80:40:30 kg ha− 1 N: P2O5: K2O with lower seed rate 30 and 50 kg ha− 1 in mDSR; 90:40:30 kg ha− 1 N: P2O5: K2O with medium seed rate of 70 to 80 kg ha− 1; and 115:55:40 kg ha− 1 N: P2O5: K2O with high seed rate of 180 kg ha− 1 in bDSR. Mechanized wet direct seeding rice with a lower seed rate of 30 to 70 kg ha− 1 and fertilizer rate by 22–30% reduced variation in seedling density by 40–80% and in yield by 0.1 to 0.3 t ha− 1 and had similar yield to bDSR. In consequence, N productivity was 27 and 32% higher in mDSR as compared to bDSR during the Winter-Spring season and Summer-Autumn seasons, respectively. The use of lower seed rate and fertilizer in mDSR also led to higher income and lower carbon footprint (GHGe per kg of paddy grains) of rice production than the currently used practices of bDSR. Net income of mDSR was comparable to that of dDSR and higher by 145–220 and 171–248 $US than that of bDSR in Winter-Spring season and Summer-Autumn, respectively. The carbon footprint of mDSR rice production compared to bDSR was lower by 22–25% and 12–20% during the Winter-Spring and Summer-Autumn seasons, respectively. Given the above benefits of farming efficiency, higher income, and low emission, mDSR would be a technology package that strongly supports sustainable rice cultivation transformation for the Mekong River Delta of Vietnam.
Orthographic facilitation of English vocabulary learning in monolingual and bilingual children
Authors: Wang Hua-Chen , Salins Andrea , Murray Lyndall , Wegener Signy , Castles Anne 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResearch suggests that bilinguals often have weaker vocabulary in their second language compared to that of monolinguals (e.g., Hoff, 2013). It is thus important to identify factors that may facilitate vocabulary learning for bilinguals. One suggested factor is the presence of orthography while learning new oral vocabulary. The current study aims to examine the orthographic facilitation effect on vocabulary learning and evaluate whether this effect is larger for children who are simultaneous or emergent bilinguals, compared to monolinguals. A group of 33 bilingual and 38 English monolingual Year 2–4 students participated in an online novel word learning study. Novel words were paired with pictures of vintage tools and taught by presenting the pictures and repeating their names, either with the spelling of the words or picture only. Learning was measured using a picture-naming task, and a 4AFC word-picture matching task. The results showed a significant effect of orthographic facilitation in both measures. For the picture naming task, there was a significant interaction between orthographic condition and language group, with the monolingual group benefiting more from the presence of orthography. However, no such interaction was found in the 4AFC matching. We conclude that both English monolingual and bilingual children learn more novel words when the spellings of words are present, and that this benefit does not appear to be larger for bilingual children.
One-Pot Liquid-Phase Synthesis of Methyl Isobutyl Ketone Over Bifunctional Ion-Exchange Resins: Unravelling the Role of Resins Structure and Active Pd or Cu Phases on Sintering, Leaching and Catalytic Activity
Authors: Canadell E. , Badia J. H. , Soto R. , Tejero J. , Bringué R. , Ramírez E. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This work evaluates the catalytic activity of gel-type and macroreticular sulfonic styrene-divinylbenzene ion-exchange resins (IERs) incorporating metallic Pd or Cu nanoparticles for the synthesis of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) from acetone following a one-pot synthesis approach. The effects of reaction time, temperature, and metal loading on the catalytic activity are studied, along with reusability (batch) and stability (fixed-bed) tests, highlighting the industrial potential of the most active catalyst prepared consisting of Pd-embedded particles within a strongly acidic gel-type IER support. Pd-based catalysts are more active than Cu ones, reaching 100% selectivity to MIBK and yields to MIBK of 36%, similar to the commercial benchmark also tested for comparison, i.e. Amberlyst™CH28. The highest yield to MIBK (54%) is obtained at 120 °C, 30 bar of H2, 300 rpm, a catalyst load of 5 wt% and a Pd loading of 1 wt% after 24 h, with margin to improvement since the catalytic activity is found to increase with temperature up to 130 °C without detectable by-products formation. The extensive characterization by several techniques (ICP-MS, SEM–EDS, N2 physisorption, ISEC, TEM/HRTEM, and XRD) enabled to draw crucial conclusions to understand the role of IER morphology and metal used on the catalytic activity. Sintering of both Pd and Cu nanoparticles depends on the structural type of the resin support, being magnified for macroreticular resins due to an enhanced propensity towards particle coalescence in comparison to gel-type supports. The different extent of leaching observed for the Pd- or Cu- containing IERs is explained on a basis of the behavior of the corresponding metallic nanoparticles within the resins structure. The active metallic Pd or Cu phases have been identified by HRTEM, confirming the presence of metal oxide species.
The impact of electromagnetic fields generated by high-voltage power lines on the spatial arrangement of pike (Esox Lucius Linnaeus 1758) embryos
Authors: Krzystolik Jan , Tański Adam , Piesiewicz Radosław , Formicki Krzysztof 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUrbanization and technological advancements result in the dispersion of antropogenic electromagnetic fields (EMF) that can affect on ecosystems. Therefore, it is important to understand their impact on the environment. Aquatic ecosystems are subject to EMF as part of various electricity sources, e.g., high-voltage transmission lines (HVTL). We examined the impact of EMF generated by HVTL on the spatial arrangement and survival of pike (Esox lucius) embryos. Fertilized eggs were incubated under two HVTL configurations 110 kV and 220 kV compared with a control group devoid of anthropogenic EMF. Embryo orientation and survival were monitored until blastopore closure. The control group showed dominance in the arrangement of embryos along the N-S, NNW-SSE, and NNE-SSW axes, with a slight prevalence of northern directions. EMF originating from HVTL did not exert a significant influence on the spatial arrangement of pike embryos, although some deviations from the arrangement noticed in the control group were observed. Increased embryo mortality was observed only at 110 kV site, but probably due to factors unrelated to EMF. In conclusion, EMF generated by HVTL did not significantly change pike embryo orientation or chances of survival. However, longer exposure or higher EMF levels could provoke notable reactions, requiring ongoing evaluation as power networks continue to spread more widely.
Maternal α-casein deficiency extends the lifespan of offspring and programmes their body composition
Authors: Kolb Andreas F. , Mayer Claus , Zitskaja Alina , Petrie Linda , Hasaballah Khulod , Warren Claire , Carlisle Ailsa , Lillico Simon , Whitelaw Bruce 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEarly nutrition has significant effects on physiological outcomes during adult life. We have analysed the effect of maternal α-casein (CSN1S1) deficiency on the physiological fate of dams and their offspring. α-casein deficiency reduces maternal milk protein concentration by more than 50% and attenuates the growth of pups to 27% (p < 0.001) of controls at the point of weaning. This is associated with a permanent reduction in adult body weight (− 31% at 25 weeks). Offspring nursed by α-casein deficient dams showed a significantly increased lifespan (+ 20%, χ2: 10.6; p = 0.001). Liver transcriptome analysis of offspring nursed by α-casein deficient dams at weaning revealed gene expression patterns similar to those found in dwarf mice (reduced expression of somatotropic axis signalling genes, increased expression of xenobiotic metabolism genes). In adult mice, the expression of somatotropic axis genes returned to control levels. This demonstrates that, in contrast to dwarf mice, attenuation of the GH-IGF signalling axis in offspring nursed by α-casein deficient dams is transient, while the changes in body size and lifespan are permanent. Offspring nursed by α-casein deficient dams showed permanent changes in body composition. Absolute and relative adipose tissue weights (p < 0.05), the percentage of body fat (p < 0.001) as well as adipocyte size in epididymal white adipose tissue are all reduced. Serum leptin levels were 25% of those found in control mice (p < 0.001). Liver lipid content and lipid composition were significantly altered in response to postnatal nutrition. This demonstrates the nutrition in early life programmes adult lipid metabolism, body composition and lifespan.
DMFVAE: miRNA-disease associations prediction based on deep matrix factorization method with variational autoencoder
Authors: Wei Pijing , Wang Qianqian , Gao Zhen , Cao Ruifen , Zheng Chunhou 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are closely related to numerous complex human diseases, therefore, exploring miRNA-disease associations (MDAs) can help people gain a better understanding of complex disease mechanism. An increasing number of computational methods have been developed to predict MDAs. However, the sparsity of the MDAs may hinder the performance of many methods. In addition, many methods fail to capture the nonlinear relationships of miRNA-disease network and inadequately leverage the features of network and neighbor nodes. In this study, we propose a deep matrix factorization model with variational autoencoder (DMFVAE) to predict potential MDAs. DMFVAE first decomposes the original association matrix and the enhanced association matrix, in which the enhanced association matrix is enhanced by self-adjusting the nearest neighbor method, to obtain sparse vectors and dense vectors, respectively. Then, the variational encoder is employed to obtain the nonlinear latent vectors of miRNA and disease for the sparse vectors, and meanwhile, node2vec is used to obtain the network structure embedding vectors of miRNA and disease for the dense vectors. Finally, sample features are acquired by combining the latent vectors and network structure embedding vectors, and the final prediction is implemented by convolutional neural network with channel attention. To evaluate the performance of DMFVAE, we conduct five-fold cross validation on the HMDD v2.0 and HMDD v3.2 datasets and the results show that DMFVAE performs well. Furthermore, case studies on lung neoplasms, colon neoplasms, and esophageal neoplasms confirm the ability of DMFVAE in identifying potential miRNAs for human diseases.
Neuroaxonal Injury May Mediate the Association Between Hyperglycemia and Prognosis in Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Santana Daniel , Llull Laura , Mosteiro Alejandra , Pedrosa Leire , Pujol Gabriel , Zattera Luigi , Werner Mariano , Martín Abraham , Justicia Carles , Chamorro Ángel , Torné Ramón , Amaro Sergio 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Hyperglycemia during early brain injury (EBI) period after spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with poor outcome, but the underlying physiopathology is unknown. This study assessed if hyperglycemia during EBI is associated with markers of neuroaxonal injury and whether these biomarkers partially account for the association between hyperglycemia and poor clinical outcome. Ninety-two SAH patients admitted within 24 h of bleeding onset were prospectively included. Glucose levels were measured at arrival and every 6 h for 72 h. Serum neurofilament light chain (NFL) levels were measured at 72 h. Functional outcome was assessed with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 90 days (poor outcome, mRS > 2). The association between glucose metrics, NFL levels, and clinical outcome was assessed with univariate and multivariate analyses. Mediation analysis was performed to examine the potential chain in which NFL may mediate the relationship between glucose and functional outcome. Higher glucose and NFL levels during EBI were associated with poor clinical outcome in adjusted analysis. NFL levels were associated with older age, higher initial severity, and higher glucose levels during EBI period. In adjusted mediation analyses, the association between glucose and clinical outcome was significantly mediated by NFL levels. The mediator NFL explained 25% of the association between glucose during EBI period and poor functional outcome at 90 days. In SAH, the association between glucose levels during EBI and poor clinical outcome might be significantly mediated by NFL levels. The link between hyperglycemia and poor clinical outcome might be explained in part through secondary neuroaxonal injury.
Lenalidomide and pomalidomide modulate hematopoietic cell expansion and differentiation in the presence of MSC
Authors: Fujii Sumie , Miura Yasuo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCytopenia is a well-documented complication in the treatment of hematological malignancies with lenalidomide and pomalidomide. Although prior studies have highlighted direct effects on hematopoietic cells to explain this adverse effect, the involvement of hematopoietic-supportive stroma remains less understood. This study examined the effects of lenalidomide/pomalidomide on the expansion and differentiation of human CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) in vitro, in co-culture with human bone-marrow mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs). Our findings indicate that lenalidomide/pomalidomide increases the population of immature CD34+CD38− cells while decreasing the number of mature CD34+CD38+ cells, suggesting a mechanism that inhibits early HSPC maturation. This effect persisted across myeloid, megakaryocytic, and erythroid lineages, with MSCs playing a key role in preserving immature progenitors and inhibiting their differentiation. Furthermore, in myeloid differentiation assays augmented by granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, lenalidomide/pomalidomide not only enhanced the presence of CD34+ cells with mature myeloid markers such as CD11b but also reduced the populations lacking CD34 yet positive for these markers, irrespective of MSC presence. Thus, while MSCs support the presence of these immature cell populations, they simultaneously inhibit their maturation. This finding provides novel mechanistic insights into lenalidomide- and pomalidomide-induced cytopenia, and could guide therapeutic strategies for its mitigation.
Exploring the Viability of Socially Assistive Robots for At-Home Cognitive Monitoring: Potential and Limitations
Authors: Luperto Matteo , Romeo Marta , Lunardini Francesca , Monroy Javier , García Daniel Hernández , Abbate Carlo , Cangelosi Angelo , Ferrante Simona , Gonzalez-Jimenez Javier , Basilico Nicola , Borghese N. Alberto 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe early detection of mild cognitive impairment, a condition of increasing impact in our aging society, is a challenging task with no established answer. One promising solution is the deployment of robotic systems and ambient assisted living technology in the houses of older adults for monitoring and assistance. In this work, we address and discuss a qualitative analysis on the feasibility and acceptability of a socially assistive robot (SAR) deployed in prospective users’ houses to monitor their cognitive capabilities through a set of digitalised neuropsychological tests and spot questions conveniently integrated within the robotic assistant’s daily tasks. We do this by describing an experimental campaign where a robotic system, integrated with a larger framework, was installed in the house of 10 users for a duration of at least 10 weeks, during which their cognitive capabilities were monitored by the robot. Concretely, the robots supervised the users during the completion of the tests and transparently monitored them by asking questions interleaved in their everyday activities. Results show a general acceptance of such technology, being able to carry out the intended tasks without being too invasive, paving the way for an impactful at-home use of SARs.
Why are low-income eligible students reluctant to apply for financial aid? An empirical study from Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Mulyaningsih Tri , Miranti Riyana , Dong Sarah , Suryandari Retno Tanding 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite generous financial aid provided by the government for low-income students studying at universities, eligible students are still reluctant to apply for such aid. This study aimed to assess the effects of students’ expectations; knowledge, attitudes, and actions toward higher education; financial aid; parental, school, and student characteristics; and intentions to apply for scholarships among low-income students in two districts of Central Java, Indonesia. Students from disadvantaged backgrounds were invited to participate in the survey, and logistic regression was employed to assess the determinants of students’ intentions to apply for financial aid. This study revealed that more than 70% of low-income students have low expectations, which is mainly attributed to a lack of academic performance. Moreover, expectations play a significant role in increasing students’ intention to apply for financial aid by 3.026. In addition, the level of knowledge, positive attitude toward higher education, and financial aid and action were demonstrated to be statistically significant in affecting students’ intention to apply for aid.
Multidimensional measures of farmer well-being: A scoping review
Authors: Isaac Marney E. , Lin Tian , Caillon Sophie , Sebastien Léa , MacDonald Ken , Prudham Scott , Doncieux Antoine , Renard Delphine , Aumeeruddy-Thomas Yildiz , Vincent Lisa , Cobelli Océane , Locqueville Jonathan , Sterling Eleanor 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDeterminants of farmer well-being can be derived from objective and subjective measures of social components, environmental sustainability indicators, and quality of life indices, as well as the multiple scales that farms and farmers operate. Yet, despite multiple frameworks on farmer well-being, the extent to which farmer-expressed values are used in the development of farmer well-being indicators is unclear. Challenges can arise from extracting indicators that are insufficiently grounded in place, or that inadequately incorporate context and biocultural relations and practices. Here in this scoping review, we synthesize the methodologies in the literature on assessing farmer well-being and identify the extent to which farmer well-being domains are derived from values expressed directly by farmers. We consolidated and coded 92 papers to respond to the following questions: (1) What are the most frequent farmer well-being domains in published studies? (2) What methods are used to elicit multidimensional farmer well-being domains? (3) Do well-being domains used in the literature adequately reflect a biocultural context, including place-based influences on well-being? Our results show that economics and social relationships are frequent domains of how farmer well-being is identified and assessed. These domains tend to be measured simultaneously, while less common domains, such as governance and place, are rather isolated. A suite of methods was used to assess well-being domains, ranging from basic surveys to in-depth participant observation. Yet, we identify gaps in the methods for deriving farmer well-being indicators. Specifically, methods that refer to farmer-expressed values were rare and domains identified through a place-based approach were often not recorded, but, arguably, critical in developing multidimensionality of farmer well-being. We show that while the translocal approach is well represented in established well-being frameworks, farmer expression is not foundational in well-being assessments but is needed in order to center farmer values when generating indicators of well-being.