bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Muchas formas de transexualidad: diferencias de ser mujer transexual y de ser mujer transgénero
Authors: Noseda Gutiérrez Janet 
Published: October 2013

Se investigaron las diferencias en las narrativas de mujeres transexuales y transgénero, con énfasis en los significados de género, sexualidad y cuerpo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por diez participantes (cinco mujeres transexuales y cinco mujeres transgénero) a las cuales se les entrevistó con el método de relatos de vida, siendo analizados los datos a través del análisis de contenido.Los resultados arrojaron que la transexualidad es más amplia de lo que plantea el DSM IV, ya que no todas las personas transexuales rechazan el cuerpo, como es el caso de las personas transgénero. Se hacen necesarias más investigaciones acerca de la transexualidad, junto con discutir la responsabilidad ética de la Psicología en el pase para cambio de sexo.
Salud mental en escuelas vulnerables: evaluación del componente promocional de un programa nacional
Authors: George Lara Myriam , Guzmán Piña Javier , Flotts De Los Hoyos Marcela , Squicciarini Navarro Ana María , Guzmán Llona María Paz 
Published: October 2013

El presente artículo presenta resultados de una evaluación cualitativa del componente promocional del Programa Habilidades para la Vida de Junaeb, desde la perspectiva de sus participantes y profesionales ejecutores. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales a 51 personas. Los resultados dan cuenta de una alta valoración del programa por sus participantes, identificando cambios positivos en interacciones en la escuela, desarrollo de habilidades y mejor clima escolar. Los profesionales ejecutores expresan visión más crítica sobre las intervenciones promocionales y sus efectos positivos.Se concluye que el programa es un recurso que apoya escuelas de alta vulnerabilidad, que contribuye a la “reparación relacional” de actores escolares, y estimula interacciones y cambio positivo del bienestar psicosocial en comunidades educativas con alta exigencia.
Identidad moral y justicia en personas con compromisos sociales y morales extraordinarios
Authors: Frisancho Hidalgo Susana , Pain Lecaros Oscar 
Published: October 2013

Esta investigación explora el concepto de justicia y las características de la identidad de tres personas fuertemente comprometidas con fines éticos y pro-sociales. Este trabajo es parte de una investigación mayor que exploró, mediante entrevistas, las características del funcionamiento psicológico y las trayectorias de socialización de personas con altos compromisos sociales. Sobre la justicia, los participantes muestran construcciones complejas que integran la equidad y reciprocidad, siendo capaces tanto de contextualizar la justicia a situaciones concretas como de priorizarla por sobre lo legal. Respecto a la identidad, todos han incorporado elementos éticos en ella y un sentido de obligación para hacer lo que hacen. Los resultados se discuten desde la psicología del desarrollo y se analizan sus posibles vinculaciones educativas.
Sociabilidad y calidad de vida laboral en un entorno de trabajo flexible. La experiencia de trabajadores de supermercado en Santiago de Chile
Authors: Stecher Guzmán Antonio , Godoy Catalán Lorena , Toro Cifuentes Juan Pablo 
Published: October 2013

Se presentan los resultados de una investigación cualitativa sobre los vínculos que construyen los trabajadores de una gran empresa de supermercados en Santiago de Chile, así como las implicancias de dichas formas de sociabilidad para la calidad de vida laboral. Se entrevistó a veinte trabajadores, tres informantes clave y se realizó una observación a un supermercado. La información fue sometida a análisis de contenido de tipo cualitativo. Los resultados revelan la existencia de fuertes vínculos de compañerismo que se construyen a pesar de las dificultades que imponen las nuevas formas de organización flexible. Estas relaciones operan como amortiguadores de las exigencias del trabajo, son fuertemente valoradas por los trabajadores y guardan una relación positiva con la calidad de vida laboral.
Cambios psicosociales en un programa de intervención con hombres penados por violencia contra la mujer
Authors: Conchell Diranzo Raquel , Lila Murillo Marisol , Catalá Miñana Alba 
Published: October 2013

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos en relación a la evaluación de la eficacia de un programa de intervención para hombres condenados por violencia contra la mujer, desarrollado en medio abierto en la provincia de Valencia (Programa Contexto). La muestra está compuesta por 109 hombres. Se utilizó un diseño preexperimental con medición pre y post tratamiento. Según los resultados obtenidos, se producen cambios significativos a nivel actitudinal, reduciéndose las actitudes de culpabilización de la víctima. Por otra parte, se producen cambios relativos a variables psicológicas, experimentando los participantes una reducción de la sintomatología depresiva y, por último, a nivel social se incrementa la participación en la comunidad. Se comentan las implicaciones de este estudio para investigaciones futuras.
El trabajo interdisciplinario entre psicólogos y profesores: estudio cualitativo sobre los significados de asesores técnicos en educación respecto de su experiencia como equipo de trabajo
Authors: Baltar De Andrade María Julia , Carrasco Aguilar Claudia , Jensen Bofill Dennis , Villegas Fernández Cristian , Tapia Rojas Nidia 
Published: October 2013

A partir de una investigación cualitativa, basada en entrevistas individuales y un grupo focal, se describen los significados respecto de la relación que establecen psicólogos y profesores como asesores de una estrategia de Asistencia Técnica Especializada en Educación. El análisis de contenido realizado concluye que la implementación de equipos de trabajo interdisciplinarios es considerado como una característica distintiva de esta asesoría técnica, la cual reproduce la historia de relaciones de poder entre psicología y educación, considerando propio de la psicología un saber más reflexivo, y propio de la pedagogía, un saber de tipo práctico. Pese a que esto genera una distancia social entre ambas disciplinas, los equipos declaran avanzar hacia un trabajo de cooperación, en un sentido interdisciplinario.
Modernidad e individuación laboral: algunas reflexiones desde la dimensión lugar de trabajo
Authors: Jorquera Gutiérrez Ricardo 
Published: October 2013

El siguiente es un artículo teórico que discute respecto al impacto de la modernidad tardía en la vida de los trabajadores en Chile, centrándose específicamente en el concepto de individuación propuesto por autores como Giddens o Beck. El análisis se hace desde la categoría “lugar de trabajo”, con lo cual se observan los procesos de elección que el trabajador realiza procurando generar un curso estratégico de su trayectoria laboral. Para esto se utiliza como ejemplo demostrativo la conmutación interregional con fines laborales y el teletrabajo. Desde estos casos, se reflexiona respecto a los avances y limitaciones de los procesos de individuación de los trabajadores en Chile. Finalmente se proponen las bases de un concepto de individuación laboral.
Organized Crime in Brazilian Prisons: The Example of the PCC
Authors: Dias Camila Nunes , Salla Fernando 
Published: October 2013

This paper analyses the context of the mass incarceration experienced by Brazil in the last two decades. Alongside other factors, such as the deterioration of the living conditions of the inmates and the shortcomings in the prison management, this favored the emergence and operation of the self-named group Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC) (First Command of the Capital), within the prison system of the state of São Paulo. It outlines the stages that resulted in the expansion of the PCC, from its creation to the consolidation of its rule over the incarcerated population and analyzes the form acquired by the use of violence by part of this group. Besides the use of official documents, the ethnographic method and interviews with staff and inmates were used. Among the major findings of the research, there is the constitution of the PCC as a centralized instance of mediation and conflict resolution within the prison, a phenomenon that produced a significant reduction in physical violence among prisoners.
Long-Term Use of Oral Corticosteroids and Safety Outcomes for Patients With Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Jang Yong Hyun , Choi Eun-Young , Lee Hyesung , Woo Jieun , Park Sohee , Noh Yunha , Jeon Ja-Young , Yoo Eun-Young , Shin Ju-Young , Lee Yang Won 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceThe use of oral corticosteroids for prolonged periods may be associated with adverse events (AEs). Nevertheless, the risk of AEs with oral corticosteroids, especially among patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), has not been comprehensively investigated and lacks evidence on duration of treatment.ObjectiveTo assess the association between long-term exposure to oral corticosteroids and AEs among adult patients with AD.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis nested case-control study used data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database of South Korea between January 1, 2012, and October 31, 2021, which included 1 year prior to the cohort entry date of January 1, 2013, for assessing exclusion criteria and baseline characteristics, and 1 year after the study end date of October 31, 2020, to ensure a minimum duration for assessing exposure. Among the population of adults with AD, patients diagnosed with any of 11 AEs were matched with patients who had never received a diagnosis of any of the 11 AEs.ExposureLong-term use of oral corticosteroids was defined as cumulative supply of more than 30 days or more than 90 days of oral corticosteroid prescription per year.Main Outcomes and MeasuresWe used multivariable conditional logistic regression analyses to measure the risk of 11 individual outcomes (osteoporosis, fracture, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, avascular necrosis, cataract, or glaucoma) as the composite outcome, controlling for potential confounders. We further classified the composite outcome to individual outcomes to evaluate the AE-specific risk.ResultsAmong 1 025 270 patients with AD between 2013 and 2020, 164 809 cases (mean [SD] age, 39.4 [14.8]; 56.9% women) were matched with 328 303 controls (mean [SD] age, 39.3 [14.7]; 56.9% women) for sex, age, cohort entry date, follow-up duration, and severity of AD, where the balance of most baseline characteristics was achieved. A total of 5533 cases (3.4%) and 10 561 controls (3.2%) were exposed to oral corticosteroids for more than 30 days, while 684 cases (0.4%) and 1153 controls (0.4%) were exposed to oral corticosteroids for more than 90 days. Overall, there was no increased risk of AEs with use of oral corticosteroids for more than 30 days (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.00; 95% CI, 0.97-1.04), whereas the risk was slightly higher with use of oral corticosteroids for more than 90 days (AOR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.01-1.23). The small elevation in experiencing an AE was observed with each cumulative or consecutive year of ever long-term use.Conclusions and RelevanceThis case-control study found a slightly increased risk of AEs associated with use of oral corticosteroids for more than 90 days per year, which warrants future research to fully elucidate the observed findings.
Exploring the Association Between Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and High‐Density Lipoproteins: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Pérez‐Ocampo Julián , Taborda Natalia A. , Yassin Lina M. , Higuita‐Gutiérrez Luis Felipe , Hernandez Juan C. 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with inflammation as a critical feature. Recently, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) have been evidenced to have anti‐inflammatory effects, suggesting a potential link between HDL and SLE that needs to be thoroughly studied. The aim was to explore the association between SLE and HDLc through a systematic review with meta‐analysis.MethodsA systematic review with meta‐analysis was conducted to assess mean differences in HDL levels between patients with SLE and healthy controls. Both qualitative and quantitative syntheses were performed, including an assessment of heterogeneity using I2, a publication bias evaluation, a methodologic quality assessment, and a forest plot under a random effects model. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on disease activity and the report of corticosteroid dosage.ResultsA total of 53 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, and 35 studies were included in the quantitative synthesis, comprising 3,002 patients with SLE and 2,123 healthy controls. Mean HDL levels were found to be lower in patients with SLE as follows: in the meta‐analysis including all articles −6.55 (95% confidence interval [CI] −8.77 to −4.33); in patients with mild disease activity −5.46 (95% CI −8.26 to −2.65); in patients with moderate or severe disease activity −9.42 (95% CI −15.49 to −3.34); in patients using corticosteroids −5.32 (95% CI −10.35 to −0.29); and in studies with excellent methodologic quality −8.71 (95% CI −12.38 to −5.03).ConclusionHDL levels appear to be quantitatively altered in patients with SLE, suggesting a potential contribution to immune dysregulation, highlighting the importance of HDL in autoimmune diseases.
Predefined time formation control for glide multiple aircraft under event‐triggered mechanism
Authors: Ji Yuehui , Ke Zhaotao , Song Yu , Gao Qiang , Liu Junjie 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThis article investigates the event‐triggered predefined time gliding formation control for multiple aircraft based on the leader‐follower mode. For the banked‐to‐turn (BTT) aircraft, The main technical challenge is to realize a predefined time control from the aerodynamic control surfaces to the direction of flight speed under an event‐triggered mechanism. First, under the leader‐follower mode, the desired tracking commands for the leader's trajectory inclination angle and trajectory declination angle are designed, with followers set to track the leader's outputs. Second, for each BTT aircraft, the inner and outer loop control system is constructed, and the virtual angle of attack and flight path angle laws are formulated to decouple the inner‐outer structure. For the outer loop system, the predefined time‐stabilized of trajectory inclination angle and trajectory declination angle is achieved by introducing the time scale function. Concerning the inner‐loop system, a sliding mode surface with predefined time stabilization is constructed, and a predefined time extended state observer (PTESO) is designed to estimate the total disturbances. An event‐triggered predefined time control is proposed for the aerodynamic control surfaces to realize the aircraft's flight direction tracking. Finally, the stability of the closed‐loop system and the avoidance of the Zeno phenomenon for each aircraft is proved using Lyapunov's theory. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed formation control in the article.
Intercalated Graphene and Colloidal Quantum Dots for Multispectral Photodetection
Authors: Ahn Seungbae , Shang Ju Ying , Patel Suraj K. , Alvarado Erick , Ndao Abdoulaye , Vazquez‐Mena Oscar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHybrid photodetectors with 2D materials and quantum dots (QDs) offer new opportunities for spectral detection given their high mobilities and spectral tunability, respectively. Herein, the study presents a novel architecture of alternating PbS QDs with graphene monolayers positioned at different depths and with independent contacts. This geometry enables the probing of the photocurrent depth profile and therefore of different spectral bands. The study realizes devices with up to five graphene layers and five QD layers intercalated, using only one type of QDs (Single‐Bandgap devices) with an exciton absorption peak at 920 nm, as well as devices with different types of QDs (Multi‐Bandgap devices) with exciton peaks at 850, 1190, and 1350 nm. Since the absorption depth and photoresponse is wavelength dependent, each graphene has a different spectral response, which opens the path for spectral analysis. As expected, it is observed that top graphene layers have stronger response than deeper graphene layers, especially for short wavelengths. However, for the case of Multi‐Bandgap devices, a negative photoresponse coefficient is even observed for longer wavelengths, showing stronger response for deeper layers than for top layers. This intercalated architecture can be used for compact multispectral photodetection without any diffractive or beam splitting component.
Memristive Crossbar Array‐Based Probabilistic Graph Modeling
Authors: Jang Yoon Ho , Lee Soo Hyung , Han Janguk , Cheong Sunwoo , Shim Sung Keun , Han Joon‐Kyu , Ryoo Seung Kyu , Hwang Cheol Seong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractModern graph datasets with structural complexity and uncertainties due to incomplete information or data variability require advanced modeling techniques beyond conventional graph models. This study introduces a memristive crossbar array (CBA)‐based probabilistic graph model (C‐PGM) utilizing Cu0.3Te0.7/HfO2/Pt memristors, which exhibit probabilistic switching, self‐rectifying, and memory characteristics. C‐PGM addresses the complexities and uncertainties inherent in structural graph data across various domains, leveraging the probabilistic nature of memristors. C‐PGM relies on the device‐to‐device variation across multiple memristive CBAs, overcoming the limitations of previous approaches that rely on sequential operations, which are slower and have a reliability concern due to repeated switching. This new approach enables the fast processing and massive implementation of probabilistic units at the expense of chip area. In this study, the hardware‐based C‐PGM feasibly expresses small‐scale probabilistic graphs and shows minimal error in aggregate probability calculations. The probability calculation capabilities of C‐PGM are applied to steady‐state estimation and the PageRank algorithm, which is implemented on a simulated large‐scale C‐PGM. The C‐PGM‐based steady‐state estimation and PageRank algorithm demonstrate comparable accuracy to conventional methods while significantly reducing computational costs.
Integrated Pristine van der Waals Homojunctions for Self‐Powered Image Sensors
Authors: Hu Yunxia , Wang Jun , Tamtaji Mohsen , Feng Yuan , Tang Tsz Wing , Amjadian Mohammadreza , Kang Ting , Xu Mengyang , Shi Xingyi , Zhao Dongxu , Mi Yongli , Luo Zhengtang , An Liang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractVan der Waals junctions hold significant potentials for various applications in multifunctional and low‐power electronics and optoelectronics. The multistep device fabrication process usually introduces lattice mismatch and defects at the junction interfaces, which deteriorate device performance. Here the layer engineering synthesis of van der Waals homojunctions consisting of 2H‐MoTe2 with asymmetric thickness to eliminate heterogenous interfaces and thus obtain clean interfaces is reported. Experimental results confirm that the homostructure nature gives rise to the formation of pristine van der Waals junctions, avoiding chemical disorders and defects. The ability to tune the energy bands of 2H‐MoTe2 continuously through layer engineering enables the creation of adjustable built‐in electric field at the homojunction boundaries, which leads to the achievement of self‐powered photodetection based on the obtained 2H‐MoTe2 films. Furthermore, the successful integration of 2H‐MoTe2 homojunctions into an image sensor with 10 × 10 pixels, brings about zero‐power consumption and near‐infrared imaging functions. The pristine van der Waals homojunctions and effective integration strategies shed new insights into the development of large‐scale application for two‐dimensional materials in advanced electronics and optoelectronics.
Liquid Gallium‐Assisted Pyrolysis of MOF Affording CNT Non‐Hollow Frameworks in High Yields for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Battery Anode
Authors: Han Xu , Cao Yongyong , Liu Ya‐Yuan , Li Cong , Geng Hongbo , Gu Hongwei , Braunstein Pierre , Lang Jian‐Ping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCarbon materials have great potential for applications in energy, biology, and environment due to their excellent chemical and physical properties. Their preparation by carbonization methods encounters limitations and the carbon loss during pyrolysis in the form of gaseous molecules results in low yield of carbon materials. Herein a low‐energy (600 °C) and high‐yield (82 wt.%) carbonization strategy is developed using liquid gallium‐assisted pyrolysis of metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) affording the N‐doped carbon nanotube (CNT) non‐hollow frameworks encapsulating Co nanoparticles. The liquid gallium layer offers protection against air, promotes heat transfer, and limits the escape of small carbonaceous gaseous molecules, which greatly improve the yields of the pyrolysis reaction. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that the synergistic interaction between CNTs and N/O‐containing groups gives a non‐hollow framework composed of N/O‐enriched and open CNTs (NOCNTF‐15, 15 denotes the 15 mm thickness of the liquid gallium layer during the pyrolysis) with high specific capacity (185 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1) and ultra‐stable cyclability (stable operation at 10 A g−1 and 50 °C for 20 000 cycles). This study provides a unique approach to carbonization that facilitates the practical application of low‐cost CNTs and other MOFs‐derived carbon materials in high‐performance sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs).
Hierarchical Surface Restructuring of Ultra‐Thin Electrodes and Microelectrode Arrays for Neural Interfacing with Peripheral and Central Nervous Systems
Authors: Blagojevic Alexander , Seche Wesley , Choi Hongbin , Davis Skyler L. , Elyahoodayan Sahar , Caputo Gregory A. , Lowe Terry C. , Tavousi Pouya , Shahbazmohamadi Sina , Amini Shahram 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Long‐term implantable neural interfacing devices are crucial in neurostimulation for treating various neurological disorders. These devices rely heavily on electrodes and microelectrode arrays. As the invasiveness of these electrodes increases—particularly for peripheral and central nervous system applications—both potential benefits and risks of adverse side effects to the patient rise. To mitigate risks and enhance device performance and longevity, electrodes for such invasive applications must be thin, flexible, and have small contacts. However, these features typically reduce the geometric surface area and electrochemical performance of the electrodes, diminishing treatment benefits. This report explores the feasibility and advantages of using femtosecond laser hierarchical surface restructuring (HSR) technology to improve electrochemical performance without compromising the structural integrity of ultra‐thin (<25 µm) platinum‐iridium alloy (Pt10Ir) electrode contacts. In this report, an HSR process is developed that significantly enhances the electrochemical performance of 20 µm thick Pt10Ir electrodes by controlling the depth of restructuring. A comprehensive characterization is conducted to assess the surface, sub‐surface, morphological, microstructural, and electrochemical properties of these restructured electrodes using multiple characterization modalities. This evaluation aimed to assess the electrodes' performance and to identify features that promote efficient electron transfer, high electrochemical surface area, excellent electrochemical performance, and biocompatibility.