bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can asthma education improve the treatment of acute asthma exacerbation in young children?
Authors: Soo Yien Yien , Saini Bandana , Moles Rebekah Jane 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAcute exacerbation of asthma requires timely and appropriate treatment. Young children are completely reliant on others in this respect. This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of staff asthma education programs in ensuring correct treatment for young children experiencing asthma exacerbations in formal care. A systematic review was undertaken of studies focusing on staff asthma education in relation to pharmacological treatment of acute asthma exacerbation. Three randomised controlled trials and seven uncontrolled pre‐ and post‐test intervention studies were included for review. Asthma education was found to increase staff knowledge and confidence in managing asthma. There was a distinct lack of staff performance testing and studies undertaken in the pre‐school setting. Staff asthma education appears effective in increasing asthma knowledge; however, utility of this measure is limited with respect to staff performance in treating acute asthma exacerbation. Further studies evaluating asthma education through performance are needed.
Persistent unilateral white‐out in preterm infant
Authors: Pahuja Anoop , Lee Silke 
Published: September 2012

AbstractWe would like to present a case of persistent right sided collapse in a preterm baby with an unexpected diagnosis. Baby X was born floppy requiring resuscitation and was intubated, ventilated and was transferred to NICU. There was decreased air entry on auscultation of right side of the chest, while the rest of the examination was normal. The chest X‐ray showed right side white‐out suggestive of collapse consolidation. She required significantly high ventilatory pressures to maintain saturations and chest X‐ray performed on day 4 remained unchanged with persistent right sided white‐out. The CT scan of the chest showed no definable right lung, right pulmonary artery or right main bronchus. The diagnosis of right lung agenesis with single pulmonary artery was made and baby was found to have more congenital malformations on further investigations, and later developed complications leading to palliative care.
Respiratory distress in a one‐month‐old child suffering brachial plexus palsy
Authors: Héritier Odile , Vasseur Maurer Sabine , Reinberg Olivier , Cotting Jacques , Perez Marie‐Hélène 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis paper describes a one‐month‐old girl presenting with respiratory and growth failure due to diaphragmatic paralysis associated with left brachial plexus palsy after forceps delivery. Despite continuous positive pressure ventilation and nasogastric feeding, the situation did not improve and a laparoscopic diaphragmatic plication had to be performed. When dealing with a child born with brachial plexus palsy, one must think of this possible association and if necessary proceed to the complementary radiological examinations. The treatment must avoid complications like feeding difficulties and failure to thrive, respiratory infections or atelectasis. It includes intensive support and a good evaluation of the prognosis of the lesion to decide the best moment for a surgical therapy.
Rare presentation of shock and acute mesenteric ischaemia secondary to acute adrenal insufficiency in an 11‐year‐old male
Authors: Roldan‐Martin Maria B , Rodriguez‐Ogando Alejandro , Sanchez‐Galindo Amelia C , Parente‐Hernandez Alberto , Luengo‐Herrero Vanessa , Sanchez‐Sanchez Cesar 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAn 11‐year‐old Caucasian male with history of abdominal pain, diarrhoea, fatigue, emesis and fever on the previous days presented with dehydratation, shock and acute mesenteric ischaemia. Final diagnosis of Addison's disease was made.
Use of digital retinal imaging in screening for retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Kandasamy Yogavijayan , Smith Roger , Wright Ian , Hartley Leo 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe frequency of premature births is increasing world‐wide. This factor, combined with improved survival and revised screening criteria, is resulting in an increased workload in screening for retinopathy of prematurity. Digital retinal imaging is emerging as an important alternative tool for diagnosing retinopathy of prematurity, and its use has even been extended to developing countries. Neonatal nurses and technicians can be trained to use digital imaging devices effectively. This is important in areas that do not have ready access to paediatric ophthalmologists. The ability to transfer images electronically makes it a valuable tool in telemedicine, while the ability to store and retrieve images is also advantageous from a medico‐legal perspective. Image analysis software can further improve the accuracy of diagnosis. The main limitation of this technology is its high capital cost.
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for distal ureteral calculi: Improved efficacy using low frequency
Authors: Anglada‐Curado Francisco Jose , Campos‐Hernández Pablo , Carrasco‐Valiente Julia , Anaya‐Henares Fernando , Carazo‐Carazo Jose Luis , Alvarez‐Kindelán Jose , Regueiro‐López Juan Carlos , Requena‐Tapia Maria Jose 
Published: September 2012

ObjectivesTo compare low versus high frequency for lithotripsy in the management of distal ureteral calculi.MethodsA total of 154 patients with radio‐opaque calculi (0.5–1 cm diameter) in the distal ureter were randomized to be given either lithotripsy at 80 or 60 pulses per min (high frequency or low frequency groups, respectively). The number of waves and sessions received, and time to total resolution were measured. A Dornier Compact Delta lithotripter was used.ResultsA total of 72 patients were assigned to the high frequency group and 78 to the low frequency group. Four patients were excluded from the study because of intolerance of the procedure. The size was slightly lower in low frequency group, whereby an analysis of covariance was carried out to eliminate the size factor, with the limit established as 0.7 cm. The low frequency group received 2980 ± 1211 waves, and the high frequency group received 5752 ± 3121 (P < 0.001). The success rate was higher in the low frequency group (100%) than in the high frequency group (92.9%; P = 0.02). If adjusted to the size of the calculus with a threshold of 0.7 cm, there was a difference, although it was not statistically significant. The time to elimination of the fragments was higher in the high frequency group (17.68 days) than in the low frequency group (7.15 days; P < 0.001). The number of sessions necessary for resolution was higher in the high frequency group (1.56) than in the low frequency group (1.14; P < 0.001).ConclusionsLithotripsy at 60 pulses provides better outcomes than lithotripsy at 80 pulses for the treatment of distal ureteral calculi.
Survival of Tradescantia fluminensis in sea water
Authors: Hurrell Geoffrey A. , Lusk Carolyn S. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryTradescantia fluminensis stem fragments that had been immersed in sea water for periods of 0, 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours and 2, 4 and 7 days were planted into growing media and observed for regrowth for 39 days after immersion. At the end of this time, 93% of untreated fragments had produced new shoots at the nodes but only 43% of fragments produced new shoots after 24 hours immersion, and none survived longer than 2 days of immersion. Because 2 days is sufficient for dispersal to nearby coastlines, there is a real risk of Tradescantia stems being washed by floodwaters into the ocean and being carried by currents and tides into nearby estuaries and onto beaches where they could start new infestations.
The impact of 1080 bait removal by Lace Monitors (Varanus varius) on a Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) control programme
Authors: Woodford Luke Philip , Robley Alan , Maloney Paul , Reside Jim 
Published: September 2012

SummaryThe use of toxic bait over large areas is a cost‐effective and widely used technique for the management of wild canids in Australia. Lace Monitors are known to also take baits, and though unlikely to be lethal to these reptiles the effect on the efficacy of control operations is largely unknown. During a five year Red Fox control programme in eastern Victoria, Lace Monitors removed significantly higher numbers of toxic baits than canids during the warmer months, reducing the likelihood of foxes encountering bait and reducing the efficacy of the control programme. Suggestions are made to mitigate bait take by Lace Monitors.
Biology and monitoring of Dryocosmus kuriphilus on Castanea sativa in Southern Italy
Authors: Bernardo Umberto , Iodice Luigi , Sasso Raffaele , Tutore Valerio A. , Cascone Pasquale , Guerrieri Emilio 
Published: September 2012

The cynipid gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) is an invasive wasp in Europe and is one of the major pests of chestnuts worldwide. An investigation of this cynipid was started in Campania, Southern Italy, in 2008, with the aim of providing guidelines for its sustainable control.
The number of larvae/gall increased in the second year of colonization relative to the first one but thereafter decreased in the third year of colonization, whereas the volume of the galls after the initial increase in the second year of colonization became stable. Adult emergence generally peaked between the middle of June and July.
The only reliable method for assessing the presence of the pest at its earliest stage was through dissecting the buds because oviposition scars on the buds tended to disappear during the winter.
Yellow traps were shown to be an effective method for assessing the emergence of cynipid adults and could potentially be used to time chemical applications in those cases in which this control method is feasible.
No correlation was recorded between the relative durations of the final stages (pupae, pharate adults and emergence).
Possible control strategies for this invasive pest are discussed.
Bioclimatic analyses of distributions of a parasitoid Peristenus digoneutis and its host species Lygus spp. in Europe and North America
Authors: Haye Tim , Olfert Owen , Weiss Ross M. , Gariepy Tara D. , Broadbent Bruce , Kuhlmann Ulrich 
Published: September 2012

Peristenus digoneutis Loan is a parasitoid of Lygus plant bugs, which was successfully introduced from Europe into North America in the 1980s for controlling native Lygus populations. Surveys confirmed that P. digoneutis populations have become established throughout eastern North America and that the spread of the parasitoid continues. For unknown reasons, previous releases of P. digoneutis in Western Canada were not successful.
A bioclimate (climex®; Hearne Scientific Software Pty Ltd, Australia) model for P. digoneutis in North America was developed, based on climate and ecological parameters, and then validated with actual distribution records. The current distribution of P. digoneutis in eastern North America was consistent with the predicted distribution. The model suggests that P. digoneutis will probably continue its spread westwards throughout the U.S.A. along the Great Lakes.
The southern distribution of P. digoneutis is expected to be limited by hot summer temperatures, whereas its northern range is limited by the number of Lygus host generations rather than cold stress.
Peristenus digoneutis has the potential to occur in the southern parts of the prairie ecozone of western Canada; however, Ecoclimatic Index values in the prairies indicate mainly marginal or unfavourable conditions, which may explain why earlier releases of P. digoneutis in Western Canada failed.
Emerging Multinationals from Mid‐Range Economies: The Influence of Institutions and Factor Markets
Authors: Hoskisson Robert E. , Wright Mike , Filatotchev Igor , Peng Mike W. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis paper revisits and extends our earlier work (in 2005) in the pages of this journal. We argue that there is a need for more fine‐grained understanding of the country context along two dimensions: (1) institutional development and (2) infrastructure and factor market development. Specifically, we propose an enriched typology of emerging economies with a focus on mid‐range emerging economies, which are positioned between traditional emerging economies and newly developed economies. Then we examine new multinationals from these mid‐range emerging economies that have internationalized both regionally and globally. We outline directions for further research based on this typology in terms of (1) government influence, (2) resource orchestration, (3) market entry, and (4) corporate governance regarding the internationalization strategy of these emerging multinationals from mid‐range economies.
R&DOutsourcing and the Effectiveness of Intangible Investments: Is Proprietary Core Knowledge Walking out of the Door?
Authors: Martinez‐Noya Andrea , Garcia‐Canal Esteban , Guillen Mauro F. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIntangible relationship‐specific investments can be double‐edged swords, as they facilitate not only the governance of business relationships but also undesired knowledge transfers. Building on transaction costs theory and the relational view of alliances, we analyse the effectiveness of these investments inR&Doutsourcing agreements from the viewpoint of the client. We argue that, when outsourcing to business firms, the safeguards adopted by the clients to prevent spillovers may reduce the effectiveness of the supplier's specialized investments. Using original survey data from 170European andUStechnology‐intensive firms, we find that the contribution of these investments to client performance decreases the more a client's core knowledge is required to perform the service, except when outsourcing to non‐profits. This suggests that as the appropriability hazards associated with outsourcing to business firms rise, the client is able to capture less value from the supplier's relationship‐specific investments.
The Baha Mousa Tragedy: British Army Detention and Interrogation from Iraq to Afghanistan
Authors: Bennett Huw 
Published: September 2012

Research Highlights and Abstract Describes the conduct and findings of a public inquiry into the death of an Iraqi civilian in British Army custody in 2003. Assesses the development of British military detention and interrogation policy in the Iraq and Afghanistan wars since 2003. Argues that serious failings in policy, doctrine and training led to the death of Baha Mousa in 2003. Finds that judicial intervention has been necessary to push reform and ensure military compliance with international law. Baha Mousa died in September 2003 in British Army custody in Basra. A public inquiry reported in September 2011, and allows for the first assessment of British military detention and interrogation policy in the War on Terror. This article explains the Inquiry's remit and findings, showing how the failure to institutionalise a ban on interrogation methods in 1972 led to them re-appearing in 2003. Poor policy, doctrine and training meant soldiers were ill prepared for dealing with detainees when Iraq was invaded in 2003. The article assesses the army's efforts to learn from the mistakes of Iraq, including reforms to policy, doctrine and training on interrogation and detention. The article's final part assesses the limitations to these reforms in practice in Afghanistan, arguing that there are still important areas demanding improvement to prevent future abuses.
INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL TEST SCORES AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
Authors: Atherton Paul , Appleton Simon , Bleaney Michael 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTHanushek and Kimko's analysis of the relationship between growth and schooling quality, as measured by scores in international tests, suffers from potential endogeneity as schooling quality is not always measured at a date strictly prior to the observed growth. To address this problem we treat the data as a panel, relating growth only to test scores at earlier dates. The estimates of the effect of schooling quality on growth are similar to those obtained from cross‐section regressions.
FDI and Growth: What Cross‐country Industry Data Say
Authors: Cipollina Maria , Giovannetti Giorgia , Pietrovito Filomena , Pozzolo Alberto F. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe theoretical literature has discussed different channels through which foreign direct investments (FDI) promote host country’s economic growth, but empirical analyses have so far been rather inconclusive. In this paper, exploiting the information of a disaggregated data set on a panel of 14 manufacturing sectors for (a sample of) developed and developing countries over the period 1992–2004, we are able to provide robust evidence on the positive and statistically significant growth effect of FDI in recipient countries. Moreover, we find that this effect is stronger in capital‐intensive and technologically advanced sectors. The growth enhancing effect comes primarily from an increase in total factor productivity (TFP) and from factors accumulation. Our results are robust to the inclusion of other determinants of economic growth and to controlling for potential endogeneity.
‘DIE UNVERHOFFTE WIRKUNG’: REVOLUTIONARY VIOLENCE, ‘BESCHRÄNKUNG’ AND THE REWRITING OF THE DOMESTIC IDYLL IN KLEIST'S WORKS
Authors: Griffiths Elystan 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACT The article analyses the connections between revolutionary violence and the motif of the idyll in Heinrich von Kleist's works. It investigates Kleist's reworking of the newly developed form of the domestic idyll, which had originally served as a means of celebrating a progressive bourgeois milieu, but which was subsequently deployed as a bulwark against the instability arising from the French Revolution. Kleist's stories Die Verlobung in St. Domingo, Das Erdbeben in Chili and Der Findling are read as sceptical reworkings of the domestic idyll, as exemplified chiefly in Goethe's Hermann und Dorothea and Nevermann's Alonzo und Elvire. Kleist quotes and reworks key motifs from the domestic idyll in order to expose how the idyll genre obscures inequality and structural violence in relations between men and women, between parents and children and between colonial masters and slaves.Dieser Aufsatz analysiert den Zusammenhang von revolutionärer Gewalt und Idyllenmotivik in den Werken Heinrich von Kleists. Untersucht wird Kleists Verarbeitung der neuen Form der häuslichen Idylle, die zunächst dem Lob eines progressiven bürgerlichen Milieus diente, aber in einem zweiten Schritt zur Abwehr der im Zuge der Französischen Revolution entstandenen Instabilität eingesetzt wurde. Anhand einer vergleichenden Analyse von Goethes Hermann und Dorothea und Nevermanns Alonzo und Elvire werden Kleists Erzählungen Die Verlobung in St. Domingo, Das Erdbeben in Chili und Der Findling als skeptische Umarbeitungen der häuslichen Idylle ausgelegt. Kleist, so die These, zitiert und verarbeitet Grundmotive der häuslichen Idylle, um die in der Gattung verschleierte Ungleichheit und strukturelle Gewalt in Verhältnissen zwischen Männern und Frauen, zwischen Eltern und Kindern und zwischen Kolonialisten und Sklaven aufzudecken.
YESTERDAY AND/OR TODAY: TIME, HISTORY AND DESIRE IN CHRISTA WINSLOE'S MÄDCHEN IN UNIFORM1
Authors: Fest Kerstin 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACT This article discusses the role of temporality in the different versions of Christa Winsloe's Mädchen in Uniform. The stage play (1930), two films (1931 and 1958) and novel (1932) tell the story of an illicit love between a teacher and a student in a Prussian boarding school. While the 1931 film directed by Leontine Sagan, in particular, has been read in the light of German history, this article analyses the texts’ shifting temporal references as instances of queer time that resist the historical and teleological narrative. Tracing the treatment of time, history and desire in the different versions, this article shows that queer desire and identity cannot easily be subsumed into a heteronormative notion of time, which has its focus on chronology, reproduction and generationality, and sits equally uneasily within narratives driven by national history.Dieser Artikel untersucht die verschiedenen Versionen von Christa Winsloes Mädchen in Uniform. Das Theaterstück (1930), die zwei Verfilmungen (1931 und 1958) und die Romanfassung (1932) handeln von der unerlaubten Liebe zwischen einer Lehrerin und ihrer Schülerin in einem preußischen Internat. Während viele frühere Interpretationen, insbesondere des unter der Regie Leontine Sagan enstandenen Films aus dem Jahr 1931, vor allem auf die Rolle der deutschen Geschichte fokussieren, wird hier die Darstellung von Zeit unter dem Blickwinkel von queer time analysiert, welche historische und teleologische Chronologien unterläuft. Die Bedeutung von Zeit, Geschichte und Begehren wird anhand der verschiedenen Textvarianten untersucht und es wird gezeigt, dass sich queere Identität und Begehren nicht einfach in heteronormative Zeit, die von Chronologie, Fortpflanzung und Generationenabfolge bestimmt ist, oder Narrative, die von nationalgeschichtlichen Diskursen geprägt sind, einordnen lässt.
AGAINST THE PULL OF CONVENTION: SUBVERSIVE LAUGHTER IN ANGELINA MACCARONE'S ALLES WIRD GUT
Authors: Mukhida Leila 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACT The film Alles wird gut was groundbreaking when it was first broadcast on German television in 1998 in that it was the first German comedy film to feature non‐white protagonists; that the plot is driven by a lesbian love story between two Afro‐German women makes the film even more remarkable. Directed by Angelina Maccarone and co‐written with Fatima El‐Tayeb, the film was commissioned by NDR for television broadcast as part of its ‘Wilde Herzen’ series and was premiered at the New York Lesbian and Gay Film Festival in 1997. In this paper, I consider comedy as a genre that, on the one hand, can be construed as the lightest of entertainment forms, yet on the other hand serves as a mode of representation which performs a critical role by at once confirming and departing from that which we view as ‘normal’. By identifying the different types of ‘laughter’ in the film, I examine how Maccarone and El‐Tayeb look to tap the subversive potential of comedy in their exploration of racism in Alles wird gut.Alles wird gut, der 1998 erstmals im deutschen Fernsehen lief, war bahnbrechend, denn zum ersten Mal zeigte eine deutsche Komödie nicht‐weiße Hauptdarsteller. Dass die Handlung von einer lesbischen Liebesgeschichte zwischen zwei afrodeutschen Frauen vorangetrieben wird, macht den Film nur noch bemerkenswerter. Als Auftragsarbeit für die ‘Wilde Herzen’‐Serie des NDR, unter der Regie von Angelina Maccarone und geschrieben von Maccarone gemeinsam mit Fatima El‐Tayeb, feierte der Film auf dem 1997 auf dem Lesbian and Gay Film Festival in New York Premiere. In dieser Arbeit betrachte ich das Genre der Komödie, welches einerseits als seichteste aller Unterhaltungsformen verstanden werden kann, andererseits jedoch eine kritische Funktion erfüllt, indem seine Darstellungsform das Normale sowohl bestätigt als auch überschreitet. Durch die Bestimmung der verschiedenen Formen des Lachens in Alles wird gut wird beleuchtet, wie Maccarone und El‐Tayeb das subversive Potential der Komödie für ihre Untersuchung von Rassismus erschließen.