bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated design and optimization of a conceptual double drum dryer for drying of wheat flour slurry: Experimental validation and computational analysis
Authors: Billah Mir Tuhin , Hossain Md Akram , Zannat Noor E , Roy Joysree , Sarker Md. Sazzat Hossain 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study presents a novel conceptual laboratory‐scale double drum dryer (LDD) optimized for the efficient drying of wheat flour slurry into flakes. The research stems from the need to address the complexities of previous methodologies, lack of studies on industrial‐sized dryers, and high cost. The methodology involved designing dryer components, transmission system, creating engineering drawings, and simulating LDD with varied operating parameters. Verification was done using industrial double drum dryer (IGD) data and MATLAB simulations. Parameters were explored including temperature (120–140°C), drum dimension (0.1–0.7 m), and film thickness (0.3–0.6 mm). The design closely matched real‐world performance metrics with mean relative deviations of 2.67%, 3.30%, 10.12% for drum speed, water content, and throughput respectively. The predictive model outperformed the IGD, achieving a 9.13% increase in throughput. Optimal LDD parameters were identified 0.7 m length, 0.2 m diameter, 0.3 mm film thickness, 40% slurry TSS, 120°C temperature, and 4.47 rpm rotational speed, resulting in 3.00% water content and 132.78 kgh−1 throughput offering valuable insights for similar applications in the food industries.Practical applicationsThe research on the novel laboratory‐scale double drum dryer for drying wheat flour‐based slurry holds significant practical implications in the food industry. Firstly, the optimized design and simulation‐based approach offer a cost‐effective and efficient solution for small‐scale food processing businesses aiming to produce wheat flour flakes. By identifying optimal drying parameters, including temperature, drum dimensions, and film thickness, the research enables precise control over the drying process, leading to enhanced product quality and throughput. Moreover, the close agreement between simulation results and industrial observations validates the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, instilling confidence in its practical applicability. The development of a prototype based on these findings facilitates the adoption of this technology by small‐scale enterprises, empowering them to improve their production processes and competitiveness. Overall, this research contributes to advancing drying technology in the food industry, offering tangible benefits in terms of product quality, efficiency, and operational cost reduction.
Enhancing bioactive compounds retention in pomegranate juice powder through foam mat drying
Authors: Gaikwad Nilesh N. , Kadam Anuja A. , Giri Namrata A. , Suryavanshi Swati K. , Marathe Rajiv A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe effect of addition of whey protein isolate (WPI; 0%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%) and carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC; 0%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75%) was studied for its foaming properties and stability in pomegranate juice (PJ). High‐quality powders can be produced from fruit juices and heat‐sensitive food items using foam mat drying (FMD). The PJ foam with 10% WPI, a foaming agent, and 0.25% CMC, a stabilizer had high foam expansion (FE) (455.28%) and low foam density (FD) (0.2030 g/cc) and foam drainage volume (FDV) (20.10 mL). The PJ foam was subjected to different drying temperatures (50, 60 and 70°C) and thickness (3 and 6 mm). The drying temperature of 60°C and foam thickness of 3 mm were found to be the acceptable drying conditions based on drying time (180 min) and retention of bioactive compounds. At optimum drying conditions, the retention of phenols, anthocyanin, ascorbic acid, and antioxidant capacity was 97.86%, 83.90%, 77.29%, and 87.11%, respectively. The sensory evaluation of the reconstituted foam mat dried pomegranate juice powder (FPJP) showed lower overall acceptability scores than fresh juice (FJ), but the overall acceptability of the powder dried at optimum drying conditions was within liking limits (>6). FPJP has an amorphous nature with a particle size of 3564 nm and a porous and irregular structure. Bioactive compounds in FPJP were studied after 8 months of storage, with higher retention of bioactive compounds in refrigerated conditions.Practical applicationThe studies revealed that foam mat drying is suitable for the pomegranate juice which has high moisture and sugar content. It requires shorter drying time of 180 min. for drying up to moisture content of 4% (db). The foam mat dried juice powder obtained at optimum drying conditions has retained higher bioactive compounds and has higher sensorial acceptability when compared with the other treatment combinations. This drying process requires low initial investment and can easily be scaled up to the commercial level thus making it profitable business venture. Further, higher storage stability up to 8 months, low volume and consequent low transport cost improves the technical and financial viability of the process in industrial application. The Foam mat dried pomegranate juice developed can be used in many food products such as reconstituted beverages, ice creams, confectioneries, etc.
Transdermal characteristic study of bovine sialoglycoproteins with anti‐skin aging and accelerating skin wound healing
Authors: Cheng Hongwei , Li Xiangbo , Du Jiabao , Dang Liuyi , Wang Shiyi , Ding Li , Zhang Fan , Sun Shisheng , Li Zheng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundSialoglycoproteins play important roles in various biological processes, including cell adhesion, immune response, and cell signaling. Our previous studies indicated that the bovine sialoglycoproteins could be developed as a reagent against skin aging and as a new candidate for accelerating skin wound healing as well as inhibiting scar formation. However, transdermal characteristic of the bovine sialoglycoproteins is still unknown.AimsThis study investigated the transdermal permeation of the bovine sialoglycoproteins through porcine skin using the Franz diffusion cell method.ResultsOur study showed that the bovine sialoglycoproteins could penetrate through the porcine skin with a linear permeation pattern described by the regression equation N% = 11.49 t‐3.858, with a high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9903). The histochemical results demonstrated the widespread distribution of the bovine sialoglycoproteins between the epidermal and dermal layers, which suggesting parts of the bovine sialoglycoproteins had ability to traverse the epidermal barrier. The results of the lectin microarrays indicated highly enriched glycopatterns on the bovine sialoglycoproteins, which also appeared in permeated porcine skin. The LC‐MS/MS analysis further showed that the bovine sialoglycoproteins were composed of approximately 100 proteins with molecular weight ranging from 748.4 kDa to 10 kDa, and there were 23 specific bovine sialoglycoproteins with molecular weight ranging from 69.2 kDa to 10 kDa to be characterized in permeated porcine skin.ConclusionsParts of the bovine sialoglycoproteins with molecular weight less than 69.2 kDa had ability to traverse the epidermal barrier. Understanding the permeation characteristics of the bovine sialoglycoproteins for developing innovative formulations with therapeutic benefits, contributing to advancements in cosmetic and dermatological fields.
A time‐motion study on impact of spatial separation for empiric airborne precautions in emergency department length of stay
Authors: Zambri Siti Nur Aliyah , Poh Khadijah , Noor Azhar Abdul Muhaimin , Mohd Kamil Muhammad Khidir , Md Yusuf Mohd Hafyzuddin , Selamat Muhamad Akmal , Muhammad Yusuf Salmawati , Hairudin Nurin Atheera , Mohamed Shafri Nurin Imanina , Sa'ari Nurul Asyikin , Syukri Azhar Muhammad , Azizah Ariffin Mohammad Aizuddin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the impact of spatial separation on patient flow in the emergency department.DesignThis was a retrospective, time‐and‐motion analysis conducted from 15 to 22 August, 2022 at the emergency department of a tertiary hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. During this duration, spatial separation was implemented in critical and semi‐critical zones to separate patients with symptoms of respiratory infections into respiratory area, and patients without into non‐respiratory area. This study adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines.MethodsPatients triaged to critical and semi‐critical zones were included in this study. Timestamps of patient processes in emergency department until patient departure were documented.ResultsThe emergency department length‐of‐stay was longer in respiratory area compared to non‐respiratory area; 527 min (381–698) versus 390 min (285–595) in critical zone and 477 min (312–739) versus 393 min (264–595) in semi‐critical zone. In critical zone, time intervals of critical flow processes and compliance to hospital benchmarks were similar in both areas. More patients in respiratory area were managed within the arrival‐to‐contact ≤30 min benchmark and more patients in non‐respiratory area had emergency department length‐of‐stay ≤8 h.ConclusionsThe implementation of spatial separation in infection control should address decision‐to‐departure delays to minimise emergency department length of stay.Impact

The study evaluated the impact of spatial separation on patient flow in the emergency department.

Emergency department length‐of‐stay was significantly prolonged in the respiratory area.

Hospital administrators and policymakers can optimise infection control protocols measures in emergency departments, balancing infection control measures with efficient patient care delivery.

Reporting MethodSTROBE guidelines.No Patient or Public ContributionNone.Trial and Protocol RegistrationThe study obtained ethics approval from the institution's Medical Ethics Committee (MREC ID NO: 20221113–11727).Statistical AnalysisThe author has checked and make sure our submission has conformed to the Journal's statistical guideline. There is a statistician on the author team (Noor Azhar).
Toward a linguistic anthropological approach to listening: An ear with power and the policing of “active listening” volunteers in Japan
Authors: Berman Michael 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article develops the concept of an ear with power. An ear with power works through listeners who can, by listening, alter people's speech and other actions. It does so in ways that suit the institutions on whose behalf the listener acts. Unlike approaches focused on the effects of listening in interactions, an ear with power is a triadic relation in process, requires listening to listeners, and shows how absent listeners affect social relations. The article traces the implications of a complaint filed against Buddhist “active listening” volunteers in Japan after the 2011 disasters. Despite not using “Buddhist language” while volunteering, they were reported for “religious‐sounding speech,” which led to the temporary hiatus of their volunteer activities. Analyzing the distributed listening that led to that censure, this article demonstrates how linguistic anthropology might reframe critical analyses of power and governance, which have tended to rely on vision and speech. More specifically, it considers the ramifications of acts of listening that precede the speech that they are imagined to follow, the process whereby listeners come to hear themselves through the ear of another, and the ways that policing listening can alienate listening from listeners.
Influence of denture‐bearing conditions on masticatory function and patient‐reported outcomes measures
Authors: Girundi Francisco Mauro da Silva , Girundi Ana Luíza Gonçalves , Ribeiro Michele Costa de Oliveira , Machado Raissa Micaella Marcelo , Gonçalves Thais Marques Simek Vega , Del Bel Cury Altair Antoninha , da Silva Wander José 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the influence of different denture‐bearing conditions on the masticatory function and patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) of complete denture wearers.MethodsSixty edentulous patients were selected and allocated into two groups according to the American College of Prosthodontics' (ACP) classification: non‐atrophic (NAT) (Classes I and II) (n = 24) and atrophic (AT) (Classes III and IV) (n = 36). All patients received new complete dentures (CDs). The objective variables (masticatory performance and swallowing threshold) were assessed as well as the PROMs (oral health‐related quality of life (OHIP‐EDENT), patient satisfaction) and quality of the prosthesis, at baseline (using the old CD) and after 4 months new prostheses use. Data were analyzed by Mann–Whitney test followed by the Generalized Equations Estimation (GEE), linear regression and Chi‐square test.ResultsHigher masticatory performance was observed in the NAT group (p < .05) for both time points, baseline and after 4 months. However, compared to baseline, both groups showed significant masticatory improvement after 4 months (p < .05). Satisfaction and overall quality of life improved after 4 months with no difference between groups (p > .05). Regarding the quality of the CD, baseline results were significantly (p < .05) lower in the AT group, but after 4 months, no significant differences were found between groups and in intragroup analysis (p > .05).ConclusionsThe denture‐bearing conditions seems to impact masticatory function, but the PROMs are barely affected.
Syndecan‐4 inhibition attenuates cartilage degeneration in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis
Authors: Chen Xiaohua , He Feng , Zhang Hongyun , Ma Yuanjun , Yu Jia , Qin Han , Wu Fan , Wang Zhuo , Zhan Ying , Zhang Jing , Lu Lei , Zhang Mian , Yu Shibin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundSyndecan 4 (SDC4), a type I transmembrane proteoglycan, serves as a critical link between chondrocytes and the extracellular matrix.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the role of SDC4 in cartilage degeneration of temporomandibular joint osteoathritis (TMJOA).MethodsCondylar chondrocytes were stimulated with varying concentrations of recombinant rat interleukin‐1β (rrIL‐1β) and SDC4 small interfering RNA (si‐SDC4). Anti‐SDC4 ectodomain‐specific antibodies or IgG were intra‐articularly administrated in a TMJOA model rats. SDC4 conditional knockout (SDC4‐cKO) and Sdc4flox/flox mice were induced TMJOA. Cartilage degeneration was assessed using haematoxylin & eosin (H&E) and safranin O (SO) staining. Protein levels of SDC4, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5), tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα), type II collagen (Col‐II), aggrecan (ACAN), cleaved caspase 3 (CASP3), Ki67 and related pathways in condylar cartilage were evaluated by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining or western blot assays.ResultsSDC4 expression was evidently increased in MIA‐model animals compared to control groups. rrIL‐1β stimulation increased the expression of SDC4, MMP3 and ADAMTS5 expression in chondrocytes, while decreasing the expression of Col‐II. These effects were reversed by si‐SDC4 in vitro. In vivo, SDC4 blockade reduced the death of chondrocytes and the loss of cartilage matrix, which was evidenced by increased expression of Col‐II and ACAN, and a decrease in SDC4, MMP13 and cleaved‐CASP3‐positive cells. Furthermore, the protein levels of ACAN and Ki67 were elevated, and the ERK1/2 and P38 signalling pathways were activated following SDC4 inhibition.ConclusionsSDC4 inhibition significantly ameliorates condylar cartilage degeneration, which was mediated, at least partly, through P38 and ERK1/2 signalling. Inhibition of SDC4 may be of great value for the treatment of TMJOA.
N‐acyl homoserine lactone cell–cell diffusible signalling in the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex
Authors: Li Peng , Bez Cristina , Zhang Yong , Deng Yinyue , Venturi Vittorio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRalstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) includes soilborne bacterial plant pathogens with worldwide distribution and wide host ranges. Virulence factors are regulated via four hierarchically organized cell–cell contact independent quorum‐sensing (QS) signalling systems: the Phc, which uses as signals (R)‐methyl 3‐hydroxypalmitate [(R)‐3‐OH PAME] or (R)‐methyl 3‐hydroxymyristate [(R)‐3‐OH MAME], the N‐acyl homoserine lactone (AHL)‐dependent RasI/R and SolI/R systems, and the recently identified anthranilic acid‐dependent system. The unique Phc QS system has been extensively studied; however, the role of the two AHL QS systems has only recently been addressed. In this microreview, we present and discuss current data of the SolI/R and RasI/R QS systems in the RSSC. We also present the distribution and frequency of these AHL QS systems in the RSSC, discuss possible ecological roles and evolutive implications. The complex QS hierarchical networks emphasizes the crucial role of cell–cell signalling in the virulence of the RSSC.
Seeking inclusion while navigating exclusion: Theorizing the experiences of disabled nursing faculty in academe
Authors: Hassouneh Dena , Mood Laura , Birnley Kendra , Kualaau Andrew , Garcia Ellen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDespite repeated calls for equity, diversity, and inclusion in nursing education and the significance of disability for the vocation of nursing, the voices and experiences of nursing faculty with disabilities are largely absent from our literature. In this paper, we present a critical grounded theory of the experiences of disabled nursing faculty in academe to begin to amend this gap. Using critical disability studies as a sensitizing framework and building on prior work on racism and other systems of oppression in nursing, we theorize that nursing academe is a normalized space produced by White, able‐mindbodied, and cis‐heteropatriarchal discourses that regulate the boundaries of inclusion via exclusionary social norms. Further, we describe the operations of normalcy in nursing academe, discuss implications for education and health care, and consider avenues for change.
Climatic variation allows montane willows to escape an adaptive trade‐off
Authors: Rosenblad Kyle C. , Ackerly David D. 
Published: August 2024

Summary

Adaptive responses to climate change, based on heritable variation in stress tolerance, may be important for plant population persistence. It is unclear which populations will mount the strongest future adaptive responses. It may be fruitful to identify populations that have escaped trade‐offs among performance traits, which can hinder adaptation. Barring strong genetic constraints, the extent of trade‐offs may depend on spatial relationships among climate variables shaping different traits.

Here, we test for climate‐driven ecotypic variation and trade‐offs among drought and freezing sensitivity, and growth, for Lemmon's willow (Salix lemmonii) in a common garden study of 90 genotypes from 38 sites in the Sierra Nevada, USA.

Salix lemmonii exhibits ecotypic variation in leaf turgor loss point, a measure of drought sensitivity, from −0.95 to −0.74 MPa along a gradient of spring snowpack. We also find variation in spring freezing sensitivity with minimum May temperature. However, we find no trade‐off, as the climatic gradients shaping these traits are spatially uncorrelated in our study region, despite being negatively correlated across the Sierra Nevada.

Species may escape adaptive trade‐offs in geographic regions where climate variables are spatially decoupled. These regions may represent valuable reservoirs of heritable adaptive phenotypic variation.
Biomechanical Effects of Different Prosthesis Types and Fixation Ranges in Multisegmental Total En Bloc Spondylectomy: A Finite Element Study
Authors: Xu Hanpeng , Ke Wencan , Zhang Dongzhe , Miao Jun , Wang Bingjin , Yang Cao 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveMulti‐segmental total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) gradually became more commonly used by clinicians. However, the choice of surgical strategy is unclear. This study aims to investigate the biomechanical performance of different prosthesis types and fixation ranges in multisegmental TES.MethodsIn this study, a validated finite element model of T12–L2 post‐spondylectomy operations were carried out. The prostheses of these models used either 3D‐printed artificial vertebrae or titanium mesh cages. The fixed range was two or three segment levels. Range of motion, stress distribution of the endplate and internal fixation system, intervertebral disc pressure, and facet joint surface force of four postoperative models and intact model in flexion and extension, as well as lateral bending and rotation were analyzed and compared.ResultsThe type of prosthesis used in the anterior column reconstruction mainly affected the stress of the adjacent endplate and the prosthesis itself. The posterior fixation range had a greater influence on the overall range of motion (ROM), the ROM of the adjacent segment, the stress of the screw‐rod system, and adjacent facet joint surface force. For the model of the same prosthesis, the increase of fixed length resulted in an obvious reduction of ROM. The maximal decrease was 70.23% during extension, and the minimal decrease was 30.19% during rotation.ConclusionIn three‐segment TES, the surgical strategy of using 3D‐printed artificial prosthesis for anterior column support and pedicle screws for posterior fixation at both two upper and lower levels respectively can reduce the stress on internal fixation system, endplates, and adjacent intervertebral discs, resulting in a reduced risk of internal fixation failure, and ASD development.
Celiac plexus block: A diagnostic tool for neurogenic median arcuate ligament syndrome
Authors: Bower Kathryn S. , McCarthy Chloe C. , Vyasa Parth , Nagarsheth Khanjan , Desai Mehul J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of outpatient celiac plexus block on acute pain reduction in patients with suspected median arcuate ligament syndrome.MethodsThis is an Institutional Review Board approved, retrospective chart review. Data were collected and analyzed from patients who received celiac plexus blocks from November 1, 2021 through April 6, 2023. The primary outcome was pain reduction, determined by the change in numerical pain rating scale (NPRS) from pre‐procedure to post‐procedure. Additional data collected include patient demographics, comorbidities, preoperative symptoms and duration of symptoms.ResultsThere were 33 patients identified in this study. Thirty‐one patients were included in the data analysis. The median age of the cohort was 29 years, and the median BMI was 20.4. 94% of the cohort was female. These patients were referred as part of an evaluation for symptomatic vascular compression disorders. For many patients, positive response to celiac plexus block was used as an indication to proceed with surgical MALS resection. We provide a diagnostic algorithm for MALs. All patients endorsed preoperative symptoms. Patients experienced a median pain reduction of −4 from baseline to immediately post‐procedure.ConclusionsCeliac plexus blocks continue to be a tool for ruling out neurogenic median arcuate ligament syndrome in patients who have undergone extensive previous imaging and assessments for vascular compression disorders. Our data suggest that patients with suspected MALS may experience substantial immediate pain relief from temporary blocks of the celiac ganglion as guided by fluoroscopy in an outpatient setting.