bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potentiometric, kinetic, and thermodynamic investigations into Cu2+ ion binding properties of vinyl imidazole containing IMAC adsorbent
Authors: Çam Tülay , Osman Bilgen , Kara Ali , Demirbel Emel , Beşirli Necati , Irez Gazi 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTIn this study, the use of the potentiometric method for the determination of the protonation constant of vinyl imidazole (VIM) and the stability constant of the Cu2+ ion complex of VIM used in the immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) was investigated. For this purpose, poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate‐n‐vinyl imidazole) [poly(EGDMA–VIM)] microspheres (average diameter 150–200 μm) were prepared. The microspheres were characterized by elemental analysis, N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, elemental analysis, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Protonation constants of vinyl imidazole and the metal‐ligand stability constant of vinyl imidazole with Cu2+ ions have been determined potentiometrically in 0.1M NaCl aqueous solution at 298, 318, and 338 K, respectively. The corresponding thermodynamic parameters of protonation and complexation processes (ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS) were derived and discussed. The formation kinetics of Cu2+‐vinyl imidazole complex were also investigated, and the process obeyed the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39751.
On the solution of the dynamic population balance model describing emulsification: Evaluation of weighted residual methods
Authors: Solsvik Jannike , Becker Per J. , Sheibat‐Othman Nida , Jakobsen Hugo A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractNumerical techniques in the family of weighted residual methods; the orthogonal collocation, Galerkin, tau and least‐squares, are evaluated for the solution of transient population balance (PB) models describing liquid–liquid emulsification systems in stirred batch vessels. The numerical solution techniques are compared based on (i) a breakage dominated system with experimental data available, and (ii) a breakage–coalescence test case. Two numerical approaches are studied for the transient term: (i) time‐differencing by a low order finite difference approximation, and (ii) the spectral‐element technique. Both approaches use spectral approximations in the phase space dimension. Based on a residual measure, computational costs, and implementation complexity the combined finite difference–spectral approach is recommended above the spectral‐in‐time‐spectral‐in‐space approach. Within this recommended solution framework, it is not necessary to use a more mathematical complex spectral method than the orthogonal collocation technique.
Population‐based prognostic factors for survival in patients with Burkitt lymphoma: An analysis from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database
Authors: Castillo Jorge J. , Winer Eric S. , Olszewski Adam J. 
Published: July 2013

BACKGROUNDBurkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive but potentially curable lymphoma, previously described in small, single‐institution studies. This study evaluated prognostic factors for survival in adult patients with BL and a potential outcome improvement over the past decade in a population‐based cohort.METHODSAdult patients with BL diagnosed between 1998 and 2009 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Prognostic factors were identified in a multivariate model for relative survival (RS), and trends in survival were evaluated using period analysis.RESULTSThe study cohort included 2284 patients, with a median age of 49 years and male predominance (2.6:1). Gastrointestinal tract and the head and neck were the most common sites of extranodal disease. Older age, black race/ethnicity, and advanced stage were associated with a worse survival. In the period analysis, trends in improved survival between 1998 and 2009 were seen, except for patients older than 60 years and black patients, whose survival did not improve. A prognostic score divided patients into 4 groups: low‐risk (5‐year RS: 71%), low‐intermediate (5‐year RS: 55%), high‐intermediate (5‐year RS: 41%), and high‐risk (5‐year RS: 29%; P  < .001).CONCLUSIONSThe outcome of patients younger than 60 years with BL improved over the past decade. Age, race, and stage have a prognostic role for survival. The proposed score can help inform prognosis in newly diagnosed patients and stratify participants in future trials. Cancer 2013;119:3672–3679. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Scalable large‐scale fluid–structure interaction solvers in the Uintah framework via hybrid task‐based parallelism algorithms
Authors: Meng Qingyu , Berzins Martin 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYUintah is a software framework that provides an environment for solving fluid–structure interaction problems on structured adaptive grids for large‐scale science and engineering problems involving the solution of partial differential equations. Uintah uses a combination of fluid flow solvers and particle‐based methods for solids, together with adaptive meshing and a novel asynchronous task‐based approach with fully automated load balancing. When applying Uintah to fluid–structure interaction problems, the combination of adaptive meshing and the movement of structures through space present a formidable challenge in terms of achieving scalability on large‐scale parallel computers. The Uintah approach to the growth of the number of core counts per socket together with the prospect of less memory per core is to adopt a model that uses MPI to communicate between nodes and a shared memory model on‐node so as to achieve scalability on large‐scale systems. For this approach to be successful, it is necessary to design data structures that large numbers of cores can simultaneously access without contention. This scalability challenge is addressed here for Uintah, by the development of new hybrid runtime and scheduling algorithms combined with novel lock‐free data structures, making it possible for Uintah to achieve excellent scalability for a challenging fluid–structure problem with mesh refinement on as many as 260K cores. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, Structural Aspects and Catalytic Performance of a Tetrahedral Cobalt Phosphonate Framework
Authors: Sen Rupam , Saha Debraj , Mal Dasarath , Brandão Paula , Rogez Guillaume , Lin Zhi 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA new phosphonate‐based metal organic framework has been synthesized. The structure determined by X‐ray crystallography reveals that it has an interesting 8‐ring channel 3D structure having the Co2‐dimers as the secondary building unit. Topological analysis shows that it has 10‐c uninodal 3D net structure with the Schläfli symbol 315.422.58. The magnetic measurement reveals the tetrahedral coordinated CoII ion. The compound is highly active towards epoxidation in the presence of air and IBA (isobutyraldehyde). It catalyses almost all types of olefinic substrates with equal efficiency. The compound is highly stable thermally (370 °C) and under the reaction conditions as well. After the reaction it can be recovered quite easily and can be used for further reaction without any loss of activity over several cycles.
Advantages and challenges with using hypoxic air venting as fire protection
Authors: Nilsson Martin , van Hees Patrick 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe use of hypoxic air venting system as fire protection is increasing and is sometimes used to replace traditional extinguishing systems. An oxygen level of 15% is generally used because a lower concentration could pose serious health risks. On the request of the Swedish Radiation Safety Authority, a literature review was conducted to determine advantages and challenges with the system and further research needs. The main advantages with a reduced oxygen environment are the reduced probability of ignition and lowered heat release rate. However, at 15% oxygen level, risk for fire still exists, and the system cannot be seen as an alternative to extinguishing systems. Reduced oxygen environment also results in higher production rates of soot and smoke, and there is limited knowledge regarding the effect of fuel configuration and fire behavior of products. In addition, a first evaluation of the test method specified in the hypoxic air venting standards was carried out through testing. The testing showed that the particleboard passed the test criteria at normal atmosphere even though it is commonly known that a particleboard burns in normal air. It is concluded that the test method has deficiencies, and there is clearly a need for development of the test method to guarantee safety levels. © 2013 The Authors. Fire and Materials published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A depth‐integrated non‐hydrostatic finite element model for wave propagation
Authors: Wei Zhangping , Jia Yafei 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYThis paper presents a two‐dimensional finite element model for simulating dynamic propagation of weakly dispersive waves. Shallow water equations including extra non‐hydrostatic pressure terms and a depth‐integrated vertical momentum equation are solved with linear distributions assumed in the vertical direction for the non‐hydrostatic pressure and the vertical velocity. The model is developed based on the platform of a finite element model, CCHE2D. A physically bounded upwind scheme for the advection term discretization is developed, and the quasi second‐order differential operators of this scheme result in no oscillation and little numerical diffusion. The depth‐integrated non‐hydrostatic wave model is solved semi‐implicitly: the provisional flow velocity is first implicitly solved using the shallow water equations; the non‐hydrostatic pressure, which is implicitly obtained by ensuring a divergence‐free velocity field, is used to correct the provisional velocity, and finally the depth‐integrated continuity equation is explicitly solved to satisfy global mass conservation. The developed wave model is verified by an analytical solution and validated by laboratory experiments, and the computed results show that the wave model can properly handle linear and nonlinear dispersive waves, wave shoaling, diffraction, refraction and focusing. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman Spectroscopy of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Technique Overview and Application to Carbon Deposition Analysis
Authors: Maher R. C. , Duboviks V. , Offer G. J. , Kishimoto M. , Brandon N. P. , Cohen L. F. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractRaman spectroscopy is a powerful characterization tool for improving the understanding of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), capable of providing direct, molecularly specific information regarding the physical and chemical processes occurring within functional SOFCs in real time. In this paper we give a summary of the technique itself and highlight ex situ and in situ studies that are particularly relevant for SOFCs. This is followed by a case study of carbon formation on SOFC Ni‐based anodes exposed to carbon monoxide (CO) using both ex situ and in situ Raman spectroscopy combined with computational simulations. In situ measurements clearly show that carbon formation is significantly reduced for polarized SOFCs compared to those held at open circuit potential (OCP). Ex situ Raman mapping of the surfaces showed clear variations in the rate of carbon formation across the surface of polarized anodes. Computational simulations describing the geometry of the cell showed that this is due to variations in gas access. These results demonstrate the ability of Raman spectroscopy in combination with traditional characterization tools, to provide detailed understanding of critical processes occurring within functional SOFCs.
Involvement of the dorsal and ventral attention networks in oddball stimulus processing: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Kim Hongkeun 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe aim of this study was to provide the first, comprehensive meta‐analysis of the neuroimaging literature regarding greater neural responses to a deviant stimulus in a stream of repeated, standard stimuli, termed here oddball effects. The meta‐analysis of 75 independent studies included a comparison of auditory and visual oddball effects and task‐relevant and task‐irrelevant oddball effects. The results were interpreted with reference to the model in which a large‐scale dorsal frontoparietal network embodies a mechanism for orienting attention to the environment, whereas a large‐scale ventral frontoparietal network supports the detection of salient, environmental changes. The meta‐analysis yielded three main sets of findings. First, ventral network regions were strongly associated with oddball effects and largely common to auditory and visual modalities, indicating a supramodal “alerting” system. Most ventral network components were more strongly associated with task‐relevant than task‐irrelevant oddball effects, indicating a dynamic interplay of stimulus saliency and internal goals in stimulus‐driven engagement of the network. Second, the bilateral inferior frontal junction, an anterior core of the dorsal network, was strongly associated with oddball effects, suggesting a central role in top‐down attentional control. However, other dorsal network regions showed no or only modest association with oddball effects, likely reflecting active engagement during both oddball and standard stimulus processing. Finally, prominent oddball effects outside the two networks included the sensory cortex regions, likely reflecting attentive and preattentive modulation of early sensory activity, and subcortical regions involving the putamen, thalamus, and other areas, likely reflecting subcortical involvement in alerting responses. Hum Brain Mapp 35:2265–2284, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of macitentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist, in an ascending multiple‐dose study in healthy subjects
Authors: Sidharta Patricia N. , van Giersbergen Paul L. M. , Dingemanse Jasper 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis multiple‐ascending‐dose study investigated safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics, of macitentan, a new endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) with sustained receptor binding and enhanced tissue penetration properties compared to other ERAs. Healthy male subjects (n = 32) received once daily oral doses of macitentan (1 − 30 mg) or placebo for 10 days. Administration of macitentan was safe and well tolerated. Macitentan had no effect on bile salts, suggesting an improved liver safety profile. The multiple‐dose pharmacokinetics of macitentan were dose‐proportional and were characterized by a median tmax and apparent elimination half‐life varying from 6.0 to 8.5 and 14.3 to 18.5 hours, respectively, for the different doses and minimal accumulation. ACT‐132577, a metabolite with lower potency than macitentan, had a half‐life of about 48 hours and accumulated approximately 8.5‐fold. Compared to placebo, administration of macitentan caused a dose‐dependent increase in plasma ET‐1 with maximum effects attained at 10 mg. A small dose‐dependent increase in the 6β‐hydroxycortisol/cortisol urinary excretion ratio was observed, although there were no statistically significant differences between treatments including placebo. Effects of macitentan on cytochrome P450 enzyme 3A4 should be further evaluated in dedicated studies. The present results support investigation of macitentan in the management of pulmonary arterial hypertension and ET‐1‐dependent pathologies.
Population pharmacokinetics of ceftaroline in patients with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections or community‐acquired bacterial pneumonia
Authors: Van Wart Scott A. , Forrest Alan , Khariton Tatiana , Rubino Christopher M. , Bhavnani Sujata M. , Reynolds Daniel K. , Riccobene Todd , Ambrose Paul G. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractCeftaroline, the active form of ceftaroline fosamil, is a broad‐spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic. A population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model for ceftaroline was developed in NONMEM® using data from 185 healthy subjects and 92 patients with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infection (ABSSSI). Data from 128 patients with community‐acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) were used for external model validation. Healthy subjects received 50–2,000 mg ceftaroline fosamil via intravenous (IV) infusion over 1 hour or intramuscular (IM) injection q12h or q24h. ABSSSI and CABP patients received 600 mg of ceftaroline fosamil IV over 1 hour q12h. A three‐compartment model with zero‐order IV or parallel first‐order IM input and first‐order elimination described ceftaroline fosamil PK. A two‐compartment model with first‐order conversion of prodrug to ceftaroline and parallel linear and saturable elimination described ceftaroline PK. Creatinine clearance was the primary determinant of ceftaroline exposure. Good agreement between the observed data and both population (r2 = 0.93) and individual post‐hoc (r2 = 0.98) predictions suggests the PPK model can adequately approximate ceftaroline PK using covariate information. Such a PPK model can evaluate dose adjustments for patients with renal impairment and generate ceftaroline exposures for use in pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic assessments of efficacy in patients with ABSSSI or CABP.
Impact of donor and recipient CYP3A5 and ABCB1 genetic polymorphisms on tacrolimus dosage requirements and rejection in Caucasian Spanish liver transplant patients
Authors: Gómez‐Bravo Miguel Angel , Salcedo Magdalena , Fondevila Constantino , Suarez Francisco , Castellote José , Rufian Sebastián , Pons José Antonio , Alamo José María , Millán Olga , Brunet Mercè 
Published: July 2013

AbstractStudies of liver transplant (LT) patients, mainly in Asians, have evaluated the influence of the CYP3A5*1 allele and P‐glycoprotein gene ABCB1 on tacrolimus pharmacokinetics or biopsy‐proven acute rejection (BPAR) incidence, with no conclusive results. To investigate these issues, 98 Caucasian Spanish LT patients with tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil and steroids and 88 cadaveric donors were genotyped for the SNPs CYP3A5 6986G>A, ABCB1 1236C>T, ABCB1 2677G>A/T and ABCB1 3435C>T;. On day 7 post‐LT, patients with a native CYP3A5*1 allele had significantly lower tacrolimus trough concentrations C0 (P = .03) and dose‐adjusted concentrations C0/D (P = .02) than CYP3A5 *3/*3 homozygotes. Three months post‐LT, patients carrying a liver with CYP3A5*1 had significantly lower C0/D (P = .03) and took significantly higher tacrolimus doses (P = .03) than the corresponding *3/*3 homozygotes. ABCB1 SNPs showed no significant association with tacrolimus variables. The 3‐month incidence of BPAR was 10.2%, with no statistically significant differences related to CYP3A5 (14.3% in expresser vs. 9.5% in non‐expresser) or ABCB1 genotype of either patient or donor. We conclude that in Caucasian Spanish LT patients, a native or graft‐borne CYP3A5*1 allele tends to lower tacrolimus concentrations and increase dosage needs, but has no significant impact on the incidence of BPAR.
Co‐substrate mannitol feeding strategy design in semi‐batch production of recombinant human erythropoietin production by Pichia pastoris
Authors: Eskitoros Melda Ş. , Çalık Pınar 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effects of alternative co‐substrate feeding strategies on recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) production by Pichia pastoris‐Mut+ strain were investigated.RESULTSFive different production strategies were designed and performed in the production phase of the bioprocesses with the use of either mannitol or sorbitol as the co‐substrate. The highest rHuEPO production was achieved as CrHuEPO= 0.65 g L−1 at t=9 h, with the cell concentration Cx=55 g L−1 in the production phase; wherein methanol was fed to the bioreactor with a predetermined dynamic feeding rate calculated for constant μM0=0.03 h−1; and three consecutive pulses of the co‐substrate mannitol were introduced at t=0, 6, and 12 h, so that CMan=50 g L−1. The overall cell and product yields on the substrates methanol and mannitol were found, respectively, as YX/St=0.22 g g−1 and YrHuEPO/St=3.74 mg g−1.CONCLUSIONSThe use of mannitol as the co‐substrate enhanced rHuEPO production and furthermore shortened the bioprocess time. The design of semi‐batch feeding strategy, based on the selection of the substrates and the co‐substrates, and their dynamic feeding into the bioreactor, is important to increase the production and productivity in r‐protein production by Mut+ strains of P. pastoris, and the developed strategy would be especially important for therapeutic glycoprotein productions by P. pastoris. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Improved production of poly(γ‐glutamic acid) by Bacillus subtilisRKY3 and its recovery from viscous fermentation broth as a biodegradable polymer
Authors: Jeong Gwi‐Taek , Kim Jin‐Nam , Ryu Hwa‐Won , Wee Young‐Jung 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhysiological parameters (culture pH, aeration rate, and agitation speed) were optimized to improve γ‐PGA production by batch culture of Bacillus subtilis RKY3. The optimum conditions for recovery of γ‐PGA from highly viscous culture broth were also investigated.RESULTSEnhanced γ‐PGA production (41.4 g L−1, 397 cP) was observed under optimized physiological culture parameters (no pH control, 1.5 L min−1 aeration, and 300 rpm agitation). The cells were completely removed by diluting the viscous culture broth 7.5‐, 5.0‐, and 2.5‐fold at pH 6.0, 4.0, and 2.0, respectively. Maximum recovery of γ‐PGA was observed when the volume ratio of cell‐free culture broth to cold ethanol was 1:5 at pH 6.0. γ‐PGA with a molecular weight <100 kDa was successfully excluded in an ultrafiltration system to develop more economical recovery of γ‐PGA from cell‐free culture broth, which resulted in efficient γ‐PGA concentration with a molecular weight >100 kDa.CONCLUSIONThe physiological parameters affecting γ‐PGA production were optimized, and the isolation and recovery of γ‐PGA from viscous culture broth was also evaluated. Cells were removed completely by diluting the culture broth, and precipitation of γ‐PGA using cold ethanol was better than that of other alcohols. Ultrafiltration was found to be an efficient recovery method for concentration of culture broth containing γ‐PGA. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Mesoporous iron oxide nanoparticles prepared by polyacrylic acid etching and their application in gene delivery to mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Cao Binrui , Qiu Penghe , Mao Chuanbin 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTNovel monodisperse mesoporous iron oxide nanoparticles (m‐IONPs) were synthesized by a postsynthesis etching approach and characterized by electron microscopy. In this approach, solid iron oxide nanoparticles (s‐IONPs) were first prepared following a solvothermal method, and then etched anisotropically by polyacrylic acid to form the mesoporous nanostructures. MTT cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that the m‐IONPs have good biocompatibility with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Owing to their mesoporous structure and good biocompatibility, these monodisperse m‐IONPs were used as a nonviral vector for the delivery of a gene of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) tagged with a green fluorescence protein (GFP) into the hard‐to‐transfect stem cells. Successful gene delivery and transfection were verified by detecting the GFP fluorescence from MSCs using fluorescence microscopy. Our results illustrated that the m‐IONPs synthesized in this work can serve as a potential nonviral carrier in gene therapy where stem cells should be first transfected and then implanted into disease sites for disease treatment. Microsc. Res. Tech. 76:936–941, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.