bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient reactions to community pharmacies’ roles: evidence from the Portuguese market
Authors: Nunes Francisco G. , Anderson Janet E. , Martins Luis M. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundThere is little knowledge about how patients perceive and react to the extended role of community pharmacies.AimTo develop a model describing the expanded role of Portuguese community pharmacies as comprising three roles – medicines supplier, advice provider and community health promoter – and two important patient reactions: satisfaction and loyalty.DesignIn 2010, 1200 face‐to‐face interviews were conducted with patients of community pharmacies in Portugal. A model comprising the three pharmacy roles and the two patient reactions was developed and tested using structural equation modelling.ResultsThe results showed that the model was appropriate and that the roles of medicines supplier, advice provider and community health promoter were positively related to patients’ satisfaction and loyalty.ConclusionsThese results show that patients are aware of the different roles played by community pharmacies in Portugal. The data support the idea that the movement of Portuguese pharmacists’ extended role, framed within a global context where society sends expectations regarding the role of organizations in the community in which they operate, is producing positive results for both patients and pharmacists.
Blood oxygen equilibration time after cessation of supplemental oxygen in chronic respiratory disease
Authors: Stone A. M. C. , Wong K. K. H. , Barnes D. J. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundMeasurement of the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) while breathing air is an informative investigation in patients with hypoxaemia due to chronic respiratory disease, but there are a lack of published data on the time needed for blood oxygen levels to equilibrate after cessation of supplemental oxygen (O2) in such patients.AimTo determine the blood oxygen equilibration time after cessation of O2 and thereby provide guidance on best timing of baseline arterial blood gas analysis in this population.MethodsMedically stable subjects with chronic respiratory disease were administered O2 at a constant concentration. Continuous pulse oximetry was recorded from before cessation of O2 to beyond the point of oxygen saturation (SpO2) equilibration. Data were fitted to an exponential decay model. Blood oxygen equilibration time was defined as the t90, the time taken for SpO2 to fall 90% of the difference between initial (on O2) and final (on air) values.ResultsEighty‐two (82) subjects with a mean age of 66 years were included. The largest diagnostic category was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (37), followed by interstitial lung disease (15) and bronchiectasis (12). The median t90 was 6 min 18 s (interquartile range: 4 min 32 s–10 min 30 s). The 95th centile t90 value was 20 min.ConclusionIn the majority of patients with chronic respiratory disease, a time delay of 20 min between cessation of supplemental O2 and PaO2 measurement allows confidence that the result is a true baseline value.
Effect of Screw Type and Distribution on the Torsional Stability of 3.5 mm String of Pearls Locking Plate Constructs
Authors: Demianiuk Ryan M. , Benamou Jérôme , Rutherford Scott , Beckett Clifford , Ness Malcolm G. , Déjardin Loïc M. 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of screw type (mono‐ [M] versus bicortical [B]), number, and position on torsional stability of String of Pearls (SOP) locking plate constructs.Study DesignIn vitro mechanical study.MethodsSOP plates (n = 32) were applied to bone models and divided into 8 groups named according to screw type (M or B) and position in each fragment relative to the fracture gap starting at the outermost plate hole. Positive and negative controls were MMM and BBB, respectively. Specimens were non‐destructively tested in torsion. Compliance and angular deformation were statistically compared (P < .002).ResultsThe MMM construct was most compliant (P < .001). Compliance decreased in groups with a single bicortical screw (P < .001). Compared to the MMM group, torsional compliance decreased in constructs where a single monocortical screw was replaced with a bicortical screw (P < .001). Compared with a centrally positioned bicortical screw, constructs with a bicortical screw in either outer‐ or innermost position were 15% and 23% less compliant, respectively (P < .001). Addition of a second bicortical screw/fragment further decreased compliance (P < .001). No significant difference was found between groups with 2 bicortical screws. The BBB construct was least compliant (P < .001). Group responses for angular deformation followed the same pattern of significance recorded for compliance.ConclusionsA minimum of 1 bicortical screw/fragment should be used to increase torsional stability of 3.5 mm SOP constructs. Positioning this screw at the inner‐ or outermost positions relative to the fracture is preferred, with the innermost position providing the greatest improvement in stability. Should further torsional stability be desired, increasing the number of bicortical screws is recommended. Clinically, these results may assist with preoperative planning of various fracture patterns.
Occurrence of Incisional Complications After Closure of Equine Celiotomies With USP 7 Polydioxanone
Authors: Anderson Stacy L. , Devick Ian , Bracamonte Jose L. , Hendrick Steve , Barber Spencer M. , Carmalt James L. , Wilson David G. 
Published: September 2014

ObjectivesTo report the occurrence of, and risk factors associated with, incisional complications of equine ventral median celiotomies closed with USP 7 polydioxanone (7PD).Study DesignRetrospective case series.Sample PopulationHorses (n = 73; 75 celiotomies).MethodsMedical records (2000–2010) were retrieved and reviewed for horses that had a ventral celiotomy closed with 7PD and survived ≥14 days. Follow‐up (>1 year) was obtained from the medical record, owner, or referring veterinarian. Independent variables were selected based on risk factors identified in previous studies, perceived clinical relevance, and if there were adequate data recorded in the medical record. Statistical analysis, including multivariable logistic regression with a forward‐building model process, was performed to evaluate variables associated with incisional complications.ResultsOne or more incisional complication(s) occurred in 19 celiotomies (25.3%) during hospitalization or after discharge including: drainage (25.3%), infection (12.0%), and partial dehiscence (5.3%). Two of 63 horses (3.2%) available for follow‐up developed an incisional hernia. Variables associated with incisional complications after multivariate analysis included: number of days hospitalized, surgery time, postoperative colic, and postoperative fever.ConclusionOverall occurrence of incisional herniation after closure of ventral celiotomies with 7PD was low.
T‐Wave Area Predicts Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients with Left Bundle Branch Block
Authors: ENGELS ELIEN B. , VÉGH ESZTER M. , VAN DEURSEN CAROLINE J.M. , VERNOOY KEVIN , SINGH JAGMEET P. , PRINZEN FRITS W. 
Published: September 2014

T‐Wave Predicts CRT Response in LBBB PatientsIntroductionChronic heart failure patients with a left ventricular (LV) conduction delay, mostly due to left bundle branch block (LBBB), generally derive benefit from cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). However, 30–50% of patients do not show a clear response to CRT. We investigated whether T‐wave analysis of the ECG can improve patient selection.Methods and ResultsThe study population comprised 244 CRT recipients with baseline 12‐lead electrocardiogram recordings. Echocardiographic response after 6‐month CRT was defined as a ≥5% increase in LV ejection fraction (LVEF). Vectorcardiograms (VCGs) were constructed from the measured 12‐lead ECGs using an adapted Kors algorithm on digitized ECGs. Logistic regression models indicated repolarization variables as good predictors of CRT response. The VCG‐derived T‐wave area predicted CRT response (odds ratio [OR] per 10 μVs increase 1.172 [P < 0.001]) even better than QRS‐wave area (OR = 1.116 [P = 0.001]). T‐wave area had especially predictive value in the LBBB patient group (OR = 2.77 in LBBB vs. 1.09 in non‐LBBB). This predictive value persisted after adjustment of multiple covariates, such as gender, ischemia, age, hypertension, coronary artery bypass graft, and the usage of diuretics and β‐blockers. In LBBB patients, the increase in LVEF was 6.1 ± 9.7% and 11.3 ± 9.1% in patients with T‐wave area below and above the median value, respectively (P < 0.01).ConclusionIn patients with LBBB morphology of the QRS complex, a larger baseline T‐wave area is an important independent predictor of LVEF increase following CRT.
Ventricular Tachycardia Originating from the Septal Papillary Muscle of the Right Ventricle: Electrocardiographic and Electrophysiological Characteristics
Authors: SANTORO FRANCESCO , DI BIASE LUIGI , HRANITZKY PATRICK , SANCHEZ JAVIER E. , SANTANGELI PASQUALE , PERINI ALESSANDRO PAOLETTI , BURKHARDT JOHN DAVID , NATALE ANDREA 
Published: September 2014

RV Septal Papillary Muscle VTIntroductionPremature ventricular complexes (PVCs) and ventricular tachycardia (VT) arising from papillary muscles of both ventricles have recently been described. There is a lack of data on VT originating from the right ventricular papillary (RV PAP) muscles. There have been no prior studies focused on the electrocardiogram (ECG) features and ablation of PVC/VT arising from the septal papillary muscle of the right ventricle.MethodsAmong 155 consecutive patients with normal structural heart who underwent catheter ablation of PVC/VT, 8 patients with PVC/VT from the septal RV PAP muscle were identified. The site of origin of the arrhythmias was identified through activation/pace mapping and intracardiac echocardiography. All patients underwent radiofrequency ablation of the arrhythmia.ResultsData on 8 consecutive patients (2 men, age 42 ± 13 years old) were collected. All patients had a preserved ejection fraction (60 ± 4%). Septal RV PAP arrhythmias had a left superior axis and negative concordance or late R‐wave transition in precordial leads.PVCs were spontaneous in 5 cases, were induced by isoprotenerol in 2 cases and by isoproterenol plus phenylephrine in another one. PVCs were never induced with calcium bolus and only rarely with burst pacing. Adenosine never terminated VT or suppressed the VT/PVCs.Radiofrequency, fluoroscopic, and procedural time were, respectively, 10.3 ± 3, 36.4 ±11.3, and 76.3 ± 27.5 minutes. During a mean follow‐up of 8 ± 4 months, mean PVC burden was reduced from 14 ± 3% preablation to 0.1 ± 0.2% postablation.ConclusionPVCs and VT originating from septal RV papillary muscle could have a typical ECG pattern due to the site of the muscle involved. Radiofrequency ablation of this anatomic area is feasible and effective.
Lower Glomerular Filtration Rate Is Associated With Higher Systemic Vascular Resistance in Patients Without Prevalent Kidney Disease
Authors: Vääräniemi Kati , Koskela Jenni , Tahvanainen Anna , Tikkakoski Antti , Wilenius Matias , Kähönen Mika , Kööbi Tiit , Niemelä Onni , Mustonen Jukka , Pörsti Ilkka 
Published: September 2014

The authors examined the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration creatinine‐cystatin C equation, and hemodynamics in 556 normotensive or never‐treated hypertensive patients without kidney disease (mean age, 46 years). Hemodynamic variables were recorded using pulse wave analysis and whole‐body impedance cardiography. The mean eGFR was 98 mL/min/1.73 m2 (range, 64–145 mL/min/1.73 m2 and one third of the patients had values below 92, while none had proteinuria. In linear regression analyses adjusted for differences in age, weight:height ratio, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and sex, significant associations were found between lower eGFR and higher systolic (P=.001) and diastolic blood pressure (P<.001) and higher systemic vascular resistance (P=.001). There was no association between eGFR and cardiac output or extracellular volume. In the absence of clinical kidney disease, lower eGFR was associated with higher blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance. Therefore, early impairment in kidney function may be involved in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension.
New posology of potassium iodide for the treatment of cutaneous sporotrichosis: study of efficacy and safety in 102 patients
Authors: Macedo P.M. , Lopes‐Bezerra L.M. , Bernardes‐Engemann A.R. , Orofino‐Costa R. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe first therapeutic choice for the treatment of cutaneous sporotrichosis is oral itraconazole; however, the increase in cases of zoonotic transmission outbreak necessitates a search for effective and safe treatment alternatives.ObjectiveTo evaluate a new potassium iodide (KI) posology as an alternative for the treatment of limited cutaneous forms of sporotrichosis.MethodsOne hundred and two patients with sporotrichosis diagnosed by isolation of Sporothrix sp. were included and were divided into 2 groups that received different doses of KI: group A received the conventional dose, and group B received the reduced dose. The cure criteria were based on clinical and serological data.ResultsSeventy‐nine patients (77.4%) reached clinical cure: 70.6% and 84.3% of groups A and B respectively. Sixteen patients (15.6%) were lost during follow‐up, and seven changed drug therapy: five in group A and two in group B. The incidence of adverse events was similar for both groups (64.7%): predominantly metallic taste (44%), followed by mild gastrointestinal intolerance and acneiform eruption (10.7% each). No serious adverse events occurred, and there were no recurrences. Analysis of the results showed no statistically significant difference between groups (P = 0.9255). The improvement in serologic titres was significant in both treatment groups.ConclusionThrough statistical analysis, the usual posology was not shown to be superior to the one proposed in this study. Serology for sporotrichosis may be used as a valuable tool in the clinical monitoring of these patients.
Composition of Soil Testate Amoebae Communities: Their Structure and Modifications in the Temperate Rain Forests of New Zealand and Tasmania
Authors: Bamforth Stuart S. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA study of the temperate rain forests of New Zealand and Tasmania showed that their soil testate amoebae communities are composed of five groups of taxa: (1) seven taxa characteristic of wet acidic soils and Sphagnum peatlands (i.e., Amphitemidae, Apodera, Alcodera, Certesella, Cyphoderia, Placocista); (2) a group of 16 species of predatory Nebelids and Heleopera spp., characteristic of Sphagnum and rainforests; (3) a group of 17 species of litter and soil Euglypha, excluding the smallest ones; (4) a diverse population of other morphotypes common in other biomes; and (5) a population of small euryoecious taxa – Cryptodifflugia and Pseudodifflugia spp., Euglypha rotunda, E. laevis, Corythion and Trinema spp. This fifth group, with other r‐selected protists (e.g., colpodid ciliates) appears in all habitats. Soil testate communities of other rainforests are composed of the same five groups and are distinguished by the first three assemblages. The fourth and fifth groups, often supplemented with a few Euglypha species, comprise the soil testate amoebae of other biomes. Nebelids and Heleopera, incorporating prey idiosomes into their shells, add an additional link to the role of Euglyphids in the silica cycle. Three Gondwanan Nebelid genera, Apodera, Alcodera, and Certesella were frequently observed, and the discovery of Alcodera cockayni in Tasmania extends its recorded distribution in the Southern Hemisphere.
Bilateral tubal and intrauterine pregnancies diagnosed at laparoscopy
Authors: Fukuda Takanori , Inoue Hiromi , Toyama Yuina , Ichida Tomoyuki , Uzawa Yoshie , Monma Mika , Kusaka Tsuyoshi , Kohata Yutaka 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA 32‐year‐old woman had bilateral tubal and intrauterine pregnancies after hyperovulation with clomiphene citrate and subsequent artificial insemination with husband's semen. Laparoscopic surgery revealed bilateral tubal pregnancies. Salpingectomy was performed on the left tube and linear salpingotomy was performed on the right tube. The postoperative course was uneventful. The patient delivered a healthy girl vaginally at 39 weeks' gestation. Only eight cases with bilateral and intrauterine pregnancy have been reported. The live birth rate of bilateral tubal pregnancy and intrauterine pregnancy is 60% (6/10), which is similar to that of heterotopic pregnancy. Laparoscopic surgery is effective for confirming the diagnosis and treating heterotopic pregnancy.
First two cases of primary carcinoma of the vagina successfully treated with concurrent weekly carboplatin plus paclitaxel, external beam radiotherapy and high‐dose‐rate interstitial brachytherapy: A case report and published work review
Authors: Mabuchi Seiji , Kawano Mahiru , Isohashi Fumiaki , Kuroda Hiromasa , Sasano Tomoyuki , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: September 2014

AbstractVaginal carcinoma is rare, accounting for only 2% of all gynecological malignancies. Due to a lack of prospective randomized studies, the role of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of primary vaginal carcinoma remains unclear. We report the first two cases of primary vaginal carcinoma successfully treated with a regimen involving concurrent weekly carboplatin plus paclitaxel, external beam radiotherapy and high‐dose‐rate interstitial brachytherapy. These cases strongly indicate that definitive chemoradiation involving carboplatin plus paclitaxel may be a reasonable treatment for primary vaginal carcinoma.
Early second trimester retinol‐binding protein‐4 values in cases with or without gestational diabetes mellitus risk factors: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yarci Gursoy Asli , Aynaoglu Gulsah , Caglar Gamze Sinem , Soylemez Feride 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAimRetinol‐binding protein‐4 (RBP‐4) has been correlated with different degrees of insulin resistance including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Presence of risk factors for GDM is an indication for early screening. We studied RBP‐4 values in the early second trimester of pregnancy in pregnant subjects with or without GDM risk factors and compared the results by routine GDM screening methodology.MethodsSeventy‐nine patients with at least one GDM risk factor and 46 patients without any GDM risk factors were enrolled in the cross‐sectional study as risk and control groups, respectively. In the early second trimester, RBP‐4 values were measured, in addition to fasting plasma glucose and 50‐g glucose challenge test in all subjects.ResultsThe RBP‐4 values in 16–18th weeks of pregnancy were not significantly different between risk and control groups (95.3 ± 20.1 vs 103.1 ± 24.4 μg/mL, respectively; P = 0.055) although fasting plasma glucose levels and 50‐g glucose challenge test results were higher in the risk group than the control group (75.3 vs 69.3 mg/dL and 112.4 vs 97.5 mg/dL, respectively; P < 0.05).ConclusionPresence of GDM risk factors does not have an impact on early second trimester RBP‐4 values in pregnant subjects.
Detection and pharmacokinetics of salbutamol in thoroughbred racehorses following inhaled administration
Authors: Wieder M. E. , Paine S. W. , Hincks P. R. , Pearce C. M. , Scarth J. , Hillyer L. 
Published: September 2014

Salbutamol sulphate (Ventolin Evohaler) was administrated via the inhalation route to six horses at a dose of 0.5 mg every 4 h during the day for 2 days (total dose 4 mg). Urine and blood samples were taken up to 92 h postadministration. Hydrolyzed plasma and urine were extracted using solid phase extraction (SPE). A sensitive tandem mass spectrometric method was developed in this study, achieving a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for salbutamol of 10 pg/mL in plasma and urine. The parent drug was identified using UPLC‐MS/MS. Most of the determined salbutamol plasma concentrations, post last administration, lie below the LLOQ of the method and so cannot be used for plasma PK analysis. Urine PK analysis suggests a half‐life consistent with the pharmacological effect duration. An estimate of the urine average concentration at steady‐state was collected by averaging the concentration measurements in the dosing period from −12 to 0 h relative to the last administered dose. The value was averaged across the six horses and used to estimate an effective urine concentration as a marker of effective lung concentration. The value estimated was 9.6 ng/mL and from this a number of detection times were calculated using a range of safety factors.
The standard centrifuge method accurately measures vulnerability curves of long‐vesselled olive stems
Authors: Hacke Uwe G. , Venturas Martin D. , MacKinnon Evan D. , Jacobsen Anna L. , Sperry John S. , Pratt R. Brandon 
Published: September 2014

Summary

The standard centrifuge method has been frequently used to measure vulnerability to xylem cavitation. This method has recently been questioned. It was hypothesized that open vessels lead to exponential vulnerability curves, which were thought to be indicative of measurement artifact.

We tested this hypothesis in stems of olive (Olea europea) because its long vessels were recently claimed to produce a centrifuge artifact. We evaluated three predictions that followed from the open vessel artifact hypothesis: shorter stems, with more open vessels, would be more vulnerable than longer stems; standard centrifuge‐based curves would be more vulnerable than dehydration‐based curves; and open vessels would cause an exponential shape of centrifuge‐based curves.

Experimental evidence did not support these predictions. Centrifuge curves did not vary when the proportion of open vessels was altered. Centrifuge and dehydration curves were similar. At highly negative xylem pressure, centrifuge‐based curves slightly overestimated vulnerability compared to the dehydration curve. This divergence was eliminated by centrifuging each stem only once.

The standard centrifuge method produced accurate curves of samples containing open vessels, supporting the validity of this technique and confirming its utility in understanding plant hydraulics. Seven recommendations for avoiding artefacts and standardizing vulnerability curve methodology are provided.