bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moving beyond the systems approach in SCM and logistics research
Authors: Nilsson Fredrik , Gammelgaard Britta 
Published: October 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a paradigmatic reflection on theoretical approaches recently identified in logistics and supply chain management (SCM); namely complex adaptive systems and complexity thinking, and to compare it to the dominant approach in logistics and SCM research, namely the systems approach. By analyzing the basic assumptions of the three approaches, SCM and logistics researchers are guided in their choice of research approaches which increases their awareness of the consequences different approaches have on theory and practice.Design/methodology/approachThe point of departure for the research presented is conceptualization based on literature reviews. Furthermore, years of observations, discussions and empirical studies of logistics operations and management have also influenced the design of this research.FindingsWith a discourse set in relation to the dominant approach in SCM and logistics research, the systems approach, it is concluded that the underlying assumptions of complex adaptive systems and complexity thinking are more appropriate than systems approach for contemporary challenges of organizational complexity in SCM and logistics. It is found that the two complexity‐based approaches can advance SCM and logistics research and practice especially when focusing on innovation, learning and sense‐making.Research limitations/implicationsReflections of underlying assumptions when considering and selecting methodological approaches have implications for research results. This paper provides both a framework for and an analysis of such reflection which contributes to the further development of SCM and logistics research. Future research is needed to empirically provide insights on how complexity approaches can advance the area of SCM and logistics.Practical implicationsFor logistics researchers and practitioners dealing with creativity, innovation, learning and sense‐making and other human‐related aspects, the complexity approaches, with underlying assumptions, presented will provide reflection, inspiration and guidance for further development.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the further development of SCM and logistics research and practice by providing a reflective analysis and discussion of established and new research approaches with potential benefits for the SCM and logistics community.
Using the “documentary method” to analyse qualitative data in logistics research
Authors: Trautrims Alexander , Grant David B. , Cunliffe Ann L. , Wong Chee 
Published: October 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the use of a qualitative data analysis technique, the documentary method, in the development of knowledge in logistics. The value of the method is illustrated through an example of its application in a study of in‐store logistics processes at six leading European retail stores.Design/methodology/approachExtant literature is outlined regarding philosophical underpinnings of the documentary method and is followed by an explanation of the method and its application. Finally, an illustration is provided of its adaptation and use in a logistics research project.FindingsDrawing on a social constructionist approach, the documentary method can add to the development of logistics research by providing rich descriptions of actual practice, problems and issues in logistic processes – compared with the stated goals of such processes.Research limitations/implicationsThe documentary method is not suitable for all areas of logistics research and will need certain adaptations and adjustments when transferred into particular research contexts. In addition, the research question, philosophical stance, and knowledge of qualitative methodologies will ultimately determine the appropriateness of the technique.Originality/valueThe paper presents the first application of the documentary method in the field of logistics.
Interferometric interpolation of sparse marine data
Authors: Hanafy Sherif M. , Schuster Gerard T. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTWe present the theory and numerical results for interferometrically interpolating 2D and 3D marine surface seismic profiles data. For the interpolation of seismic data we use the combination of a recorded Green's function and a model‐based Green's function for a water‐layer model. Synthetic (2D and 3D) and field (2D) results show that the seismic data with sparse receiver intervals can be accurately interpolated to smaller intervals using multiples in the data. An up‐ and downgoing separation of both recorded and model‐based Green's functions can help in minimizing artefacts in a virtual shot gather. If the up‐ and downgoing separation is not possible, noticeable artefacts will be generated in the virtual shot gather. As a partial remedy we iteratively use a non‐stationary 1D multi‐channel matching filter with the interpolated data. Results suggest that a sparse marine seismic survey can yield more information about reflectors if traces are interpolated by interferometry. Comparing our results to those of f‐k interpolation shows that the synthetic example gives comparable results while the field example shows better interpolation quality for the interferometric method.
Optimized arrays for 2D cross‐borehole electrical tomography surveys
Authors: Loke M.H. , Wilkinson P.B. , Chambers J.E. , Strutt M. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTThe use of optimized arrays generated using the ‘Compare R’ method for cross‐borehole resistivity measurements is examined in this paper. We compare the performances of two array optimization algorithms, one that maximizes the model resolution and another that minimizes the point spread value. Although both algorithms give similar results, the model resolution maximization algorithm is several times faster. A study of the point spread function plots for a cross‐borehole survey shows that the model resolution within the central zone surrounded by the borehole electrodes is much higher than near the bottom end of the boreholes. Tests with synthetic and experimental data show that the optimized arrays generated by the ‘Compare R’ method have significantly better resolution than a ‘standard’ measurement sequence used in previous surveys. The resolution of the optimized arrays is less if arrays with both current (or both potential) electrodes in the same borehole are excluded. However, they are still better than the ‘standard’ arrays.
Locating microseismic events using borehole data
Authors: Jones G.A. , Kendall J.‐M. , Bastow I.D. , Raymer D.G. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTConstraining microseismic hypocentres in and around hydrocarbon reservoirs and their overburdens is essential for the monitoring of deformation related to hydraulic fracturing, production and injection and the assessment of reservoir security for CO2 and wastewater storage. Microseismic monitoring in hydrocarbon reservoirs can be achieved via a variety of surface and subsurface acquisition geometries. In this study we use data from a single, subsurface, vertical array of sensors. We test an existing technique that uses a 1D velocity model to constrain locations by minimizing differential S‐to‐P arrival times for individual sensors. We show that small errors in either arrival time picks or the velocity model can lead to large errors in depth, especially near velocity model discontinuities where events tend to cluster. To address this issue we develop two methods that use all available arrival times simultaneously in the inversion, thus maximizing the number of potential constraints from to N, where N is the number of phase picks. The first approach minimizes all available arrival time pairs whilst the second approach, the equal distance time (EDT) method defines the hypocentre as the point where the maximum number of arrival time surfaces intersect. We test and compare the new location procedures with locations using differential S‐to‐P times at each individual sensor on a microseismic data set recorded by a vertical array of sensors at the Ekofisk reservoir in the North Sea. Specifically, we test each procedure's sensitivity to perturbations in measured arrival times and the velocity model using Monte Carlo analysis. In general, location uncertainties increase with increasing raypath length. We show that errors in velocity model estimates are the most significant source of uncertainty in source location with these experiments. Our tests show that hypocentres determined by the new procedures are less sensitive to erroneous measurements and velocity model uncertainties thus reducing the potential for misinterpretation of the results.
Multiridge Euler deconvolution
Authors: Florio Giovanni , Fedi Maurizio 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTPotential field interpretation can be carried out using multiscale methods. This class of methods analyses a multiscale data set, which is built by upward continuation of the original data to a number of altitudes conveniently chosen. Euler deconvolution can be cast into this multiscale environment by analysing data along ridges of potential fields, e.g., at those points along lines across scales where the field or its horizontal or vertical derivative respectively is zero. Previous work has shown that Euler equations are notably simplified along any of these ridges. Since a given anomaly may generate one or more ridges we describe in this paper how Euler deconvolution may be used to jointly invert data along all of them, so performing a multiridge Euler deconvolution. The method enjoys the stable and high‐resolution properties of multiscale methods, due to the composite upward continuation/vertical differentiation filter used. Such a physically‐based field transformation can have a positive effect on reducing both high‐wavenumber noise and interference or regional field effects. Multiridge Euler deconvolution can also be applied to the modulus of an analytic signal, gravity/magnetic gradient tensor components or Hilbert transform components. The advantages of using multiridge Euler deconvolution compared to single ridge Euler deconvolution include improved solution clustering, increased number of solutions, improvement of accuracy of the results obtainable from some types of ridges and greater ease in the selection of ridges to invert. The multiscale approach is particularly well suited to deal with non‐ideal sources. In these cases, our strategy is to find the optimal combination of upward continuation altitude range and data differentiation order, such that the field could be sensed as approximately homogeneous and then characterized by a structural index close to an integer value. This allows us to estimate depths related to the top or the centre of the structure.
Scoping reviews in occupational therapy: The what, why, and how to
Authors: McKinstry Carol , Brown Ted , Gustafsson Louise 
Published: October 2013

Background/aimScoping reviews are a method of identifying, locating, analysing and summarising relevant empirical literature and research findings on a nominated topic. A description of scoping reviews is provided with examples that have been published in the occupational therapy and related literature and outline of the uses of scoping reviews for research and in evidence‐based practice.MethodsRecent occupational therapy literature was searched to identify occupational therapy‐related scoping reviews published in the refereed literature and to identify the methodologies used and topics covered.ResultsA limited range of scoping reviews was located and a summary of their results is provided as examples of scoping reviews in the occupational therapy field.ConclusionThe scoping review methodology is an efficient and effective approach for locating, analysing, summarising and presenting available literature and research findings on a particular topic. In comparison to a systematic review, it does not have the same high level of rigour, however does provide a general overview of the literature using a structured methodology to ensure consistency. The methodology of scoping reviews is effective for researchers where there is limited high level evidence available about a topic that would be required by a systematic review and provides an efficient way of identifying previous research and current knowledge gaps. Although there has been some scoping reviews published, it is predicted that there will be an increase in the future when the use of scoping reviews in occupational therapy is more fully realised and operationalised.
Practical compassions: repertoires of practice and compassion talk in acute mental healthcare
Authors: Brown Brian , Crawford Paul , Gilbert Paul , Gilbert Jean , Gale Corinne 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThis article reports an exploratory study of the concept of compassion in the work of 20 mental health practitioners in a UK Midlands facility. Using notions of practice derived from phenomenology and Bourdieusian sociology and notions of emotional labour we identify two contrasting interpretive repertoires in discussions of compassion. The first, the practical compassion repertoire, evokes the practical, physical and bodily aspects of compassion. It involves organising being with patients, playing games, anticipating disruption and taking them outside for cigarettes. Practitioners described being aware that these practical, bodily activities could lead to patients ‘opening up’, disclosing their interior concerns and enabling practical, compassionate mental health work to take place. In contrast, the second, organisational repertoire, concerns organisational constraints on compassionate practice. The shortage of staff, the record‐keeping and internal processes of quality control were seen as time‐greedy and apt to detract from contact with patients. The findings are discussed in relation to Bourdieu and Merleau‐Ponty's phenomenological accounts of practice and habit and set in context in the growing interest in placing compassion centrally in healthcare. We also explore how the exercise of compassion in the way our participants describe it can afford the more effective exercise of medical power.
Development of a Composite Measure of State‐Level Malpractice Environment
Authors: Chung Jeanette W. , Sohn Min‐Woong , Merkow Ryan P. , Oh Elissa H. , Minami Christina , Black Bernard S. , Bilimoria Karl Y. 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveTo develop a composite measure of state‐level malpractice environment.Data SourcesPublic use data from the National Practitioner Data Bank, Medical Liability Monitor, the National Conference of State Legislatures, and the American Bar Association.Study DesignPrincipal component analysis of state‐level indicators (paid claims rate, malpractice premiums, lawyers per capita, average award size, and malpractice laws), with indirect validation of the composite using receiver‐operating characteristic curves to determine how accurately the composite could identify states with high‐tort activity and costs.Principal FindingsA single composite accounted for over 73 percent of total variance in the seven indicators and demonstrated reasonable criterion validity.ConclusionAn empirical composite measure of state‐level malpractice risk may offer advantages over single indicators in measuring overall risk and may facilitate cross‐state comparisons of malpractice environments.
New emergency department quality measure: From access block to National Emergency Access Target compliance
Authors: Khanna Sankalp , Boyle Justin , Good Norm , Lind James 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjectivesThe study aims to investigate the effect of time of day and ED occupancy on the ability of EDs to admit or discharge patients within 4 h in accordance with the National Emergency Access Target (NEAT), and to compare this with corresponding levels of access block, the measure for ED performance before NEAT.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of 5 years of ED data from 30 reporting public hospitals in Queensland, Australia. Relationships between these and variations in time of day and occupancy were explored using a Poisson generalised linear model. The main outcome measures are cases of NEAT non‐compliance (ED length of stay >4 h for all patients [i.e. admitted and non‐admitted] leaving the ED) and access block (ED length of stay >8 h for admitted patients).ResultsNEAT performance is found to be dependent on hospital size, and levels vary significantly for admitted and non‐admitted patients. A higher proportion of patients breach NEAT during early mornings and low occupancy periods, a trend not observed with the previous access block metric. NEAT non‐compliance is also found to rise between 13.00 hours and 17.00 hours, a period when the proportion of access block cases typically drops.ConclusionsEDs face rising levels of NEAT non‐compliance at times when corresponding access block levels have traditionally not been a concern. A higher proportion of patients breach the target during periods that would intuitively not be flagged as flow bottlenecks. The findings support the need for service level analysis and new solutions to guide workflow reform and maximise NEAT compliance.
Evaluation and outcomes of patients admitted to a tertiary medical assessment unit with acute chest pain of possible coronary origin
Authors: Sander Rebecca L , Scott Ian A , Aggarwal Leena 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjectivesThe study aims to (i) profile clinical characteristics, risk estimates of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), use and yield of non‐invasive cardiac testing, discharge diagnosis and 30‐day outcomes among patients admitted with acute chest pain of possible coronary origin; and (ii) construct a risk stratification algorithm that informs management decisions.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study of 130 consecutive patients admitted to a tertiary hospital medical assessment unit between 24 January and 22 March 2012. Estimates of ACS risk were based on Australian guidelines and Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) scores.ResultsPatients were of mean age 61 years, 45% had known coronary artery disease (CAD), 58% presented with typical ischaemic pain, 82% had intermediate to high ACS risk and 61% underwent testing. Myocardial ischaemia was cardiologist‐confirmed discharge diagnosis in 29% of patients, and was associated with known CAD, typical pain, multiple risk factors and high TIMI risk scores (P < 0.001 for all associations). Of 98 non‐invasive investigations, 9% (95% CI, 5–17%) were positive for myocardial ischaemia. Major adverse event rate at 30 days was 0.8% (95% CI, <0.1–6%). An algorithm was constructed that integrates known CAD, ACS risk and TIMI scores in identifying low‐risk patients capable of rapid discharge from EDs without further investigation, and classifying the remainder into risk groups that informs choice of investigations and need for telemetry.ConclusionsIn patients with indeterminate chest pain, clinical features and risk scores identify most with myocardial ischaemia. An algorithm is presented that might inform triaging, early discharge, choice of testing and need for telemetry.
Focal Thalamic Degeneration from Ethanol and Thiamine Deficiency is Associated with Neuroimmune Gene Induction, Microglial Activation, and Lack of Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters
Authors: Qin Liya , Crews Fulton T. 
Published: October 2013

BackgroundWernicke's encephalopathy‐Korsakoff syndrome (WE‐KS) is common in alcoholics, caused by thiamine deficiency (TD; vitaminB1) and associated with lesions to the thalamus (THAL). AlthoughTDalone can causeWE, the high incidence in alcoholism suggests thatTDand ethanol (EtOH) interact.MethodsMice in control,TD, or EtOH groups alone or combined were studied after 5 or 10 days of treatment. THAL and entorhinal cortex (ENT) histochemistry andmRNAwere assessed.ResultsCombined EtOH‐TDtreatment for 5 days (EtOH‐TD5) showed activated microglia, proinflammatory gene induction andTHALneurodegeneration that was greater than that found withTDalone (TD5), whereas 10 days resulted in markedTHALdegeneration and microglial‐neuroimmune activation in both groups. In contrast, 10 days ofTDdid not causeENTdegeneration. Interestingly, inENT,TD10 activated microglia and astrocytes more than EtOH‐TD10. InTHAL, multiple astrocytic markers were lost consistent with glial cell loss.TDblocks glucose metabolism more than acetate. Acetate derived from hepatic EtOH metabolism is transported by monocarboxylic acid transporters (MCT) into both neurons and astrocytes that use acetyl‐CoA synthetase (AcCoAS) to generate cellular energy from acetate.MCTand AcCoASexpression inTHALis lower thanENTprompting the hypothesis that focalTHALdegeneration is related to insufficientMCTand AcCoASinTHAL. To test this hypothesis, we administered glycerin triacetate (GTA) to increase blood acetate and found it protected theTHALfromTD‐induced degeneration.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that EtOHpotentiatesTD‐inducedTHALdegeneration through neuroimmune gene induction. The findings support the hypothesis thatTDdeficiency inhibits global glucose metabolism and that a reduced ability to process acetate for cellular energy results inTHALfocal degeneration in alcoholics contributing to the high incidence of Wernicke‐Korsakoff syndrome in alcoholism.
Do Brief Alcohol Motivational Interventions Work Like We Think They Do?
Authors: Bertholet Nicolas , Palfai Tibor , Gaume Jacques , Daeppen Jean‐Bernard , Saitz Richard 
Published: October 2013

BackgroundQuestions remain about how brief motivational interventions (BMIs) for unhealthy alcohol use work, and addressing these questions may be important for improving their efficacy. Therefore, we assessed the effects of various characteristics of BMIs on drinking outcomes across 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs).MethodsAudio recordings of 314 BMIs were coded. We used the global rating scales of the Motivational Interviewing Skills Code (MISC) 2.1: counselor's acceptance, empathy, and motivational interviewing (MI) spirit, and patient's self‐exploration were rated. MI proficiency was defined as counselor's rating scale scores ≥5. We also used the structure, confrontation, and advice subscale scores of the Therapy Process Rating Scale and the Working Alliance Inventory. We examined these process characteristics in interventions across 1 U.S. RCT of middle‐aged medical inpatients with unhealthy alcohol use (n = 124) and 2 Swiss RCTs of young men with binge drinking in a nonclinical setting: Swiss‐one (n = 62) and Swiss‐two (n = 128). We assessed the associations between these characteristics and drinks/d reported by participants 3 to 6 months after study entry.ResultsIn all 3 RCTs, mean MISC counselor's rating scales scores were consistent with MI proficiency. In overdispersed Poisson regression models, most BMI characteristics were not significantly associated with drinks/d in follow‐up. In the U.S. RCT, confrontation and self‐exploration were associated with more drinking. Giving advice was significantly associated with less drinking in the Swiss‐one RCT. Contrary to expectations, MI spirit was not consistently associated with drinking across studies.ConclusionsAcross different populations and settings, intervention characteristics viewed as central to efficacious BMIs were neither robust nor consistent predictors of drinking outcome. Although there may be alternative reasons why the level of MI processes was not predictive of outcomes in these studies (limited variability in scores), efforts to understand what makes BMIs efficacious may require attention to factors beyond intervention process characteristics typically examined.