bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilient Warrior: A Stress Management Group to Improve Psychological Health in Service Members
Authors: Sylvia Louisa G. , Bui Eric , Baier Allison L. , Mehta Darshan H. , Denninger John W. , Fricchione Gregory L. , Casey Aggie , Kagan Leslee , Park Elyse R. , Simon Naomi M. 
Published: November 2015

Background: Many veterans deployed after 9/11/2001 are impacted by subthreshold levels of post-traumatic stress, anxiety, or other psychological health problems that may interfere with successful reintegration. Conventional treatments, including medication and trauma-focused individual psychotherapies, may not be optimally adapted, accepted, or effective to treat these subsyndromal symptoms. Methods: We developed “Resilient Warrior,” a 4-session, group-based, mind-body stress-management and resilience program targeted to build skills and assessed whether its format was accessible and acceptable, and potentially efficacious, to support resilience among service members. Results: From April 2014 to October 2014, 15 participants (53.3% women; mean age=36.6 y; SD=6.2) were surveyed for program acceptability and feasibility and completed self-reported psychological health outcomes before and after program participation. The majority (71.4%) of participants reported that the program included the right number of sessions, and all of them reported that it was helpful and relevant and that they would recommend it to others. While changes in self-reported resilience were only marginal, participation was associated with improvements in depressive symptoms, perceived stress, anxiety, and general sense of self efficacy. Conclusion: These pilot data provide preliminary support that “Resilient Warrior,” a group-based, stress reduction and resilience program, may improve psychological health in service members even when delivered in community settings. Randomized controlled trials with longer follow-up periods are needed to establish efficacy and effectiveness for this program.
SiO2/TiO2/n-Si/Ag(Cr)/TiO2 thin films with superhydrophilicity and low-emissivity
Authors: Loka Chadrasekhar , Park Kyoung Ryeol , Lee Kee-Sun 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
In this study, SiO2/TiO2/n-Si/Ag(Cr)/TiO2 multilayer structures have been designed and deposited by the RF and DC magnetron sputtering at room temperature. The as-deposited TiO2/glass films which are initially amorphous in nature were subjected to post annealing at 673 K for anatase phase TiO2. The anatase TiO2 films showed an optical bandgap ∼3.32 eV. The Ag(Cr)/TiO2 showed very low-emissivity (low-e) value ∼0.081 which is evaluated by using the sheet resistance (6.51 Ω/□) of the films. All the deposited films showed high visible transmittance (∼81%) and high infrared reflectance (72%) which are recorded by using the UV–vis–NIR spectrophotometer. In addition, experimentally obtained optical properties were in good agreement with the simulation data. The TiO2/n-Si heterojunction concept has been employed to enhance the superhydrophilicity of the deposited multilayer stack, TiO2/n-Si/Ag(Cr)/TiO2 films exhibited best superhydrophilicity with water contact angle ∼2°. The deposited multilayer structures SiO2/TiO2/n-Si/Ag(Cr)/TiO2 and TiO2/n-Si/Ag(Cr)/TiO2 achieved significant low-e and superhydrophilicity.
NOxproduction and rainout from Chicxulub impact ejecta reentry
Authors: Parkos Devon , Alexeenko Alina , Kulakhmetov Marat , Johnson Brandon C. , Melosh H. Jay 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe Chicxulub impact 66.0 Ma ago initiated the second biggest extinction in the Phanerozoic Eon. The cause of the concurrent oceanic nitrogen isotopic anomaly, however, remains elusive. The Chicxulub impactor struck the Yucatán peninsula, ejecting 2 × 1015 kg of molten and vaporized rock that reentered globally as approximately 1023microscopic spherules. Here we report that modern techniques indicate that this ejecta generates 1.5 × 1014moles of NOx, which is enough to cause the observed nitrogen enrichment of the basal layer. Additionally, reentry‐based NO production would explain the anomalously heavy isotopic composition of the observed nitrogen. We include N, O, N2, O2, and NO species in simulations of nonequilibrium chemically reacting flow around a reentering spherule. We then determine the net production of NO from all the spherules and use turbulence models to determine how quickly this yield diffuses through the atmosphere. Upon reaching the stratosphere and troposphere, cloud moisture absorbs the NOxand forms nitric acid. We model this process and determine the acidity of the resulting precipitation, which peaks about 1 year after the impact. The precipitation ultimately reaches the upper ocean, where we assume that the well‐mixed surface layer is 100 m deep. We then model the naturally occurring carbonate/bicarbonate buffer and determine the net pH. We find that insufficient NOxreaches the ocean to directly cause the observed end‐Cretaceous oceanic extinction via acidification and buffer removal. However, the resulting nitrates are sufficient to explain the concurrent nitrogen isotopic anomaly and facilitate an end‐Cretaceous algae bloom.
Observations of distributed snow depth and snow duration within diverse forest structures in a maritime mountain watershed
Authors: Dickerson‐Lange Susan E. , Lutz James A. , Gersonde Rolf , Martin Kael A. , Forsyth Jenna E. , Lundquist Jessica D. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractSpatially distributed snow depth and snow duration data were collected over two to four snow seasons during water years 2011–2014 in experimental forest plots within the Cedar River Municipal Watershed, 50 km east of Seattle, Washington, USA. These 40 × 40 m forest plots, situated on the western slope of the Cascade Range, include unthinned second‐growth coniferous forests, variable density thinned forests, forest gaps in which a 20 m diameter (approximately equivalent to one tree height) gap was cut in the middle of each plot, and old‐growth forest. Together, this publicly available data set includes snow depth and density observations from manual snow surveys, distributed snow duration observations from ground temperature sensors and time‐lapse cameras, meteorological data collected at two open locations and three forested locations, and forest canopy data from airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data and hemispherical photographs. These colocated snow, meteorological, and forest data have the potential to improve understanding of forest influences on snow processes, and provide a unique model‐testing data set for hydrological analyses in a forested, maritime watershed. We present empirical snow depletion curves within forests to illustrate an application of these data to improve subgrid representation of snow cover in distributed modeling.
Superchiral Pd3L6 Coordination Complex and Its Reversible Structural Conversion into Pd3L3Cl6 Metallocycles
Authors: Jurček Ondřej , Bonakdarzadeh Pia , Kalenius Elina , Linnanto Juha Matti , Groessl Michael , Knochenmuss Richard , Ihalainen Janne A. , Rissanen Kari 
Published: November 2015

AbstractLarge, non‐symmetrical, inherently chiral bispyridyl ligand L derived from natural ursodeoxycholic bile acid was used for square–planar coordination of tetravalent PdII, yielding the cationic single enantiomer of superchiral coordination complex 1 Pd3L6 containing 60 well‐defined chiral centers in its flower‐like structure. Complex 1 can readily be transformed by addition of chloride into a smaller enantiomerically pure cyclic trimer 2 Pd3L3Cl6 containing 30 chiral centers. This transformation is reversible and can be restored by the addition of silver cations. Furthermore, a mixture of two constitutional isomers of trimer, 2 and 2′, and dimer, 3 and 3′, can be obtained directly from L by its coordination to trans‐ or cis‐N‐pyridyl‐coordinating PdII. These intriguing, water‐resistant, stable supramolecular assemblies have been thoroughly described by 1H DOSY NMR, mass spectrometry, circular dichroism, molecular modelling, and drift tube ion‐mobility mass spectrometry.
Durch sichtbares Licht vermittelte Synthese von Indolizinen in Abwesenheit eines externen Photokatalysators
Authors: Sahoo Basudev , Hopkinson Matthew N. , Glorius Frank 
Published: November 2015

AbstractEine durch sichtbares Licht vermittelte Synthese von wertvollen, polycyclischen Indolizin‐Heterocyclen aus leicht zugänglichen bromierten Pyridinen und Enolcarbamaten wurde entwickelt. Dieser Prozess, welcher bei Raumtemperatur unter Bestrahlung mit sichtbarem Licht stattfindet, läuft auch ohne die Zugabe eines externen Photokatalysators ab. Mechanistische Experimente deuten darauf hin, dass die Indolizinprodukte ihre eigene Bildung beschleunigen können. Zudem sind sie in der Lage, andere durch sichtbares Licht vermittelte Reaktionen zu beschleunigen.
Vulnerabilities and fisheries impacts: the uncertain future of manta and devil rays
Authors: Croll Donald A. , Dewar Heidi , Dulvy Nicholas K. , Fernando Daniel , Francis Malcolm P. , Galván‐Magaña Felipe , Hall Martin , Heinrichs Shawn , Marshall Andrea , Mccauley Douglas , Newton Kelly M. , Notarbartolo‐Di‐Sciara Giuseppe , O'Malley Mary , O'Sullivan John , Poortvliet Marloes , Roman Marlon , Stevens Guy , Tershy Bernie R. , White William T. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Manta and devil rays of the subfamily Mobulinae (mobulids) are rarely studied, large, pelagic elasmobranchs, with all eight of well‐evaluated species listed on the IUCN Red List as threatened or near threatened.
Mobulids have life history characteristics (matrotrophic reproduction, extremely low fecundity, and delayed age of first reproduction) that make them exceptionally susceptible to overexploitation.
Targeted and bycatch mortality from fisheries is a globally important and increasing threat, and targeted fisheries are incentivized by the high value of the global trade in mobulid gill plates.
Fisheries bycatch of mobulids is substantial in tuna purse seine fisheries.
Thirteen fisheries in 12 countries specifically targeting mobulids, and 30 fisheries in 23 countries with mobulid bycatch were identified.
Aside from a few recently enacted national restrictions on capture, there is no comprehensive monitoring, assessment or control of mobulid fisheries or bycatch. Recent listing through the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) may benefit mobulids of the genus Manta (manta rays), but none of the mobulids in the genus Mobula (devil rays) are protected.
The relative economic costs of catch mitigation are minimal, particularly compared with a broad range of other, more complicated, marine conservation issues.
Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improving Memory Performances by Adjusting the Symmetry and Polarity of O‐Fluoroazobenzene‐Based Molecules
Authors: Liu Quan , Dong Huilong , Li Youyong , Li Hua , Chen Dongyun , Wang Lihua , Xu Qingfeng , Lu Jianmei 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThree O‐fluoroazobenzene‐based molecules were chosen as memory‐active molecules: FAZO‐1 with a D–A2–D symmetric structure, FAZO‐2 with an A1–A2–A1 symmetric structure, and FAZO‐3 with a D–A2–A1 asymmetric structure. Both FAZO‐1 and FAZO‐2 had a lower molecular polarity, whereas FAZO‐3 had a higher polarity. The fabricated indium–tin oxide (ITO)/FAZO‐1/Al (Au) and ITO/FAZO‐2/Al (Au) memory devices both exhibited volatile static random access memory (SRAM) behavior, whereas the ITO/FAZO‐3/Al (Au) device showed nonvolatile ternary write‐once‐read‐many‐times (WORM) behavior. It should be noted that the reproducibility of these devices was considerably high, which is significant for practical application in memory devices. In addition, the different memory performances of the three active materials were determined to be attributable to the stability of electric‐field‐induced charge‐transfer complexes. Therefore, the switching memory behavior could be tuned by adjusting the molecular polarity.
Performance of Optimal Super‐Twisting Controller for Liquid Level
Authors: Al Ameri Osama , Boiko Igor 
Published: November 2015

AbstractHigher‐order sliding mode control algorithms and second‐order in particular have become a popular research area. This research analyzes the performance of optimally designed Super‐Twisting (STW) controllers, with application to the liquid level process. The problem of optimal design of the STW controller is formulated and a solution methodology is presented. Performance of the STW controller is compared with the performance of an optimally tuned PID controller. The study is carried out through analytical approach, simulations and experiments. From the comparison of performance, conclusions are drawn about suitability and the use of the STW controller for the process specifically considered in this research as well as other process control applications.
Adaptive Sliding Mode Observer‐Based Robust Fault Reconstruction for a Helicopter With Actuator Fault
Authors: Chen Fuyang , Zhang Kangkang , Jiang Bin , Wen Changyun 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis paper proposes a design method of robust fault reconstruction for a 3‐DOF helicopter with actuator faults and disturbance. The model of the 3‐DOF helicopter considered in this paper is an affine nonlinear system. An adaptive sliding mode observer is firstly proposed such that the actuator fault can be reconstructed through the adaptive law online. Then, based on linear matrix inequalities (LMI), a feasible algorithm is explored to solve the designed parameters. Finally, a simulation study of the 3‐DOF helicopter is presented to show the effectiveness of the scheme.
Frequency Response Estimation from Impulse or Step‐like Response by Virtual Experiments
Authors: Fedele Giuseppe 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis paper considers the problem of estimating the frequency response of an unknown plant from impulse or step response measurements, possibly with non‐ideal step signals. The proposed method is direct (no model identification of the plant is needed) and it can be applied using a single set of data generated by the plant, with no need for specific experiments nor iterations. The frequency response of the plant, at a desired frequency, is estimated by a virtual experiment generating a filtered version of the data set. Numerical simulations show the effectiveness of the method.
A (−)‐norephedrine‐based molecularly imprinted polymer for the solid‐phase extraction of psychoactive phenylpropylamino alkaloids from Khat (Catha edulis Vahl. Endl.) chewing leaves
Authors: Atlabachew Minaleshewa , Torto Nelson , Chandravanshi Bhagwan Singh , Redi‐Abshiro Mesfin , Chigome Samuel , Mothibedi Kediemetse , Combrinck Sandra 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was prepared using (−)‐norephedrine as the template, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross‐linker and chloroform as the porogen. The MIP was used as a selective sorbent in the molecularly imprinted solid‐phase extraction (MIP‐SPE) of the psychoactive phenylpropylamino alkaloids, norephedrine and its analogs, cathinone and cathine, from Khat (Catha edulis Vahl. Endl.) leaf extracts prior to HPLC‐DAD analysis. The MIP was able to selectively extract the alkaloids from the aqueous extracts of Khat. Loading, washing and elution of the alkaloids bound to the MIP were evaluated under different conditions. The clean baseline of the Khat extract obtained after MIP‐SPE confirmed that a selective and efficient sample clean‐up was achieved. Good recoveries (90.0–107%) and precision (RSDs 2.3–3.2%) were obtained in the validation of the MIP‐SPE‐HPLC procedure. The content of the three alkaloids in Khat samples determined after treatment with MIP‐SPE and a commercial Isolute C18 (EC) SPE cartridge were in good agreement. These findings indicate that MIP‐SPE is a reliable method that can be used for sample pre‐treatment for the determination of Khat alkaloids in plant extracts or similar matrices and could be applicable in pharmaceutical, forensic and biomedical laboratories. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spooning of the nails and webbing of the esophagus: koilonychia and Plummer–Vinson Syndrome
Authors: Mangla Ankit , Agarwal Nikki , Yu Jie , Telfer Margaret 
Published: November 2015

Key Clinical MessageChronic iron deficiency can be associated with nail deformities like Koilonychia and Platynychia. It can also be associated with esophageal webs (Plummer‐Vinson syndrome or Patterson‐Brown‐Kelly syndrome) causing dysphagia in the patient. Though the pathogenesis of this association remains anecdotal and presence of these physical findings should prompt the clinician towards considering chronic iron deficiency as the cause of anemia.
Automatic Fiber Thickness Measurement in Scanning Electron Microscopy Images Validated Using Synthetic Data
Authors: Easwaran Prakash , Lehmann Martin J. , Wirjadi Oliver , Prill Torben , Didas Stephan , Redenbach Claudia 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAmong the various properties of fibrous filter media, fiber thickness is one of the important characteristics which should be considered in design and quality assurance of filter media. Automatic analysis of images from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a suitable tool in that context. Yet, the accuracy of such image analysis tools cannot be judged based on images of real filter media since their true fiber thickness can never be known accurately. A solution is to employ synthetically generated models for evaluation. To this end, a 3D fiber model is extended to incorporate fiber bundles, which are common in fibrous filter media. The resulting novel stochastic 3D fiber model can generate geometries with good visual resemblance of real filter media. By combining this model with simulation of the SEM imaging process, quantitative evaluation of the fiber thickness measurements becomes feasible.
Solid‐Phase Combinatorial Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Destruxin E Analogues
Authors: Yoshida Masahito , Ishida Yoshitaka , Adachi Kenta , Murase Hayato , Nakagawa Hiroshi , Doi Takayuki 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe solid‐phase combinatorial synthesis of cyclodepsipeptide destruxin E has been demonstrated. The combinatorial synthesis of cyclization precursors 8 was achieved by using a split and pool method on SynPhase Lanterns. The products were successfully macrolactonized in parallel in the solution phase by using 2‐methyl‐6‐nitrobenzoic anhydride and 4‐(dimethylamino)pyridine N‐oxide to afford macrolactones 9, and the subsequent formation of an epoxide in the side chain gave 18 member destruxin E analogues 6. Biological evaluation of analogues 6 indicated that the N‐MeAla residue was crucial to the induction of morphological changes in osteoclast‐like multinuclear cells (OCLs). Based on structure–activity relationships, azido‐containing analogues 15 were then designed for use as a molecular probe. The synthesis and biological evaluation of analogues 15 revealed that 15 b, in which the Ile residue was replaced with a Lys(N3) residue, induced morphological changes in OCLs at a sufficient concentration, and modification around the Ile residue would be tolerated for attachment of a chemical tag toward the target identification of destruxin E (1).
Variation in breast cancer care quality in New York and California based on race/ethnicity and Medicaid enrollment
Authors: Hassett Michael J. , Schymura Maria J. , Chen Kun , Boscoe Francis P. , Gesten Foster C. , Schrag Deborah 
Published: November 2015

BACKGROUNDRacial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities persist in part because our current understanding of the care provided to minority and disadvantaged populations is limited. The authors evaluated the quality of breast cancer care in 2 large states to understand the disparities experienced by African Americans, Hispanics, Asian/Pacific Islanders (APIs), and Medicaid enrollees and to prioritize remediation strategies.METHODSStatewide cancer registry data for 80,436 women in New York and 121,233 women in California who were diagnosed during 2004 to 2009 with stage 0 through III breast cancer were used to assess underuse and overuse of surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and hormone therapy based on 34 quality measures. Concordance values were compared across racial/ethnic and Medicaid‐enrollment groups. Multivariable models were used to quantify disparities across groups for each treatment in each state.RESULTSOverall concordance was 76% for underuse measures and 87% for overuse measures. The proportions of patients who received care concordant with all relevant measures were 35% in New York and 33% in California. Compared with whites, African Americans were less likely to receive recommended surgery, radiation, and hormone therapy; Hispanics and APIs were usually more likely to receive recommended chemotherapy. Across states, the same racial/ethnic groups did not always experience the same disparities. Medicaid enrollment was associated with decreased likelihood of receiving all recommended treatments, except chemotherapy, in both states. Overuse was evident for hormone therapy and axillary surgery but was not associated with race/ethnicity or Medicaid enrollment.CONCLUSIONSPatient‐level measures of quality identify substantial problems with care quality and meaningful disparities. Remediating these problems will require prioritizing low‐performing measures and targeting high‐risk populations, possibly in different ways for different regions. Cancer 2016;122:420–431. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Direct Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth of Graphene on Insulating Substrates
Authors: Sun Jingyu , Zhang Yanfeng , Liu Zhongfan 
Published: November 2015

AbstractRecent years have witnessed an increase in attention to the direct synthesis of graphene on a variety of insulators by virtue of chemical vapor deposition (CVD), which has shown great potential in a broad range of applications. In this Focus Review, we summarize the key research efforts on the development of CVD routes to allow direct deposition of graphene on insulating materials, with a special focus upon our recent progress towards graphene synthesis employing hexagonal boron nitride, glass, and SrTiO3 planar substrates, as well as NaCl powders. To begin with, we outline the important features and necessities in the field of graphene synthesis by direct CVD. We then provide an up‐to‐date research summary with respect to the employment of substrate (planar vs. powder; novel vs. conventional), the design of synthetic methods, and the quality/property control of products. Finally, we discuss the potential challenges and opportunities for the direct CVD growth of graphene on insulators.
Synthetic Strategies for Semiconductor Nanocrystals Expressing Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance
Authors: Niezgoda J. Scott , Rosenthal Sandra J. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe field of semiconductor plasmonics has grown rapidly since its outset, only roughly six years ago, and now includes many crystalline substances ranging from GeTe to wide‐bandgap transition‐metal oxides. One byproduct of this proliferation is the sea of differing synthetic methods to realize localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) based on the studied material. Strategies vary widely from material to material, but all have the common goal of introducing extremely high carrier densities to the semiconductor system. This doping results in tunable, size‐quantized, and on/off‐switchable LSPR modes, which are a complete departure from traditional metal‐nanoparticle‐based plasmon resonances. This Minireview will provide an overview of the current state of nanocrystal and quantum‐dot plasmonics and the physical basis thereof, however its main purpose is to summarize the methods for realizing LSPRs in the various syntheses and systems that have been reported to date.