bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myositis Ossificans of the Psoas Major Muscle After XLIF With Preoperative Administration of Romosozumab
Authors: Ito Tsuyoki , Katsumi Shunsuke , Shinohara Akira , Arimura Daigo , Obata Shintaro , Ikegami Taku , Saito Mitsuru 
Published: July 2024

Case:
A 62-year-old woman receiving romosozumab for 3 months underwent extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF) for lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis. From 1 week after surgery, she experienced gradually increasing pain from the right groin to the front of the thigh. Examination revealed ossifying myositis in bilateral psoas major muscles. Etidronate treatment was initiated, improving pain after 4 days. Computed tomography showed lesion disappearance by 3 months after surgery.

Conclusion:
We report a rare case of myositis ossificans in bilateral psoas major muscles following XLIF surgery, possibly influenced by intraoperative manipulation and romosozumab treatment. Etidronate administration may be effective, as with heterotopic ossification.
Snapping Complication After Partial-Thickness Quadriceps Tendon Autograft Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Ashy Cody C , Baird Henry BG , Slone Harris S , Pullen W Michael 
Published: July 2024

Case:
A 14-year-old adolescent girl and 18-year-old man underwent right anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using quadriceps tendon (QT) autografts via partial-thickness harvest. While both patients initially recovered well, later they experienced a painful snapping in their knee localized to the lateral QT, just proximal to the patella. Surgical completion of the previous partial-thickness defect with imbrication provided resolution of symptoms at 4 and 9 months postoperatively, respectively.

Conclusion:
We present a snapping QT as a rare complication of partial-thickness QT harvest for ACL reconstruction. Surgical completion of the partial-thickness defect with imbrication resolved the snapping sensation in these two cases.
Post-traumatic Coracoclavicular Ligament Ossification
Authors: Fleurette Justine , Solignac Nicolas , Werthel Jean-David 
Published: July 2024

Case:
A patient presented with complete coracoclavicular ligament ossification after an unnoticed acromioclavicular joint Rockwood Type IV dislocation. He had full passive range of motion in the glenohumeral joint but was disabled by a loss of both active (80°) and passive (90°) abduction due to insufficient passive scapulo-thoracic motion. He was treated with an arthroscopic osteotomy of the coracoclavicular ligament ossification.

Conclusion:
One year after the surgery, active abduction was improved by 45° (80°-125°) with no recurrence of the ossification on the radiographs. Arthroscopic osteotomy of complete coracoclavicular ligament ossification seems effective in restoring abduction in these patients.

Level of evidence:
IV.
Synthesis and Description of Some New Heterocyclic Imideis Compounds Derived from Ciprofloxacin Drug
Authors: D. Ayyash Jinan , J. Khammas Sameaa 
Published: July 2024

تم تصنيع مشتقات إيميدات جديدة كجزء من هذا العمل ، حيث تم تحضير عقار سيبروفلوكساسين (2-Chloroacetyl) من تفاعل سيبروفلوكساسين مع كلوريد كلورو أسيتيل بوجود ثلاثي إيثيل أمين ثم من الناتج B مع مشتقات 2-أمينوبنزوثيازول ومن محلول بروم وحامض الخليك الثلجي حضرت المركبات (B1-B8) ، اما المركبات (B9-B12) حضرت من فثاليك ايمايد البوتاسيوم أو سكسينيك ايمايد ومشتقات 4-أسيتيل سيبروفلوكساسين المناسبة (B13-B17) ، تمت إعادة تدفق هذا الخليط لمدة (8 إلى 10) ساعات مع الحفاظ على درجة الحموضة بين (6 و 6.5) . تم قياس درجات الانصهار ، FT-IR ، والتحليل الطيفي H-NMR لتشخيص المركبات العضوية ومشتقاتها المتكونة . أظهرت السلالات والفطريات المضادة للبكتيريا أيضًا فعاليتها ضد بكتيريا الجرام الموجبة (Staphylococcus) وسلبية الجرام (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) وبكتيريا الفطريات (Candida Albicans).
The Disagreement Dilemma in Explainable AI: Can Bias Reduction Bridge the Gap
Authors: Bhardwaj Nitanshi , Parashar Gaurav 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Explainable AI (XAI) is an emerging field of research since the spread of AI in multifarious fields. The opacity and inherent black-box nature of the advanced machine learning models create a lack of transparency in them leading to the insufficiency in societal recognition. The increasing dependence on AI across diverse sectors has created the need for informed decision-making of the numerous predictive models used. XAI strives to close this divide by providing an explanation of the decision-making process, promoting trust, ensuring adherence to regulations, and cultivating societal approval. Various post-hoc techniques including well-known methods like LIME, SHAP, Integrated Gradients, Partial Dependence Plot, and Accumulated Local Effects have been proposed to decipher the intricacies of complex AI models. In the context of post hoc explanatory methods for machine learning models there arises a conflict known as the Disagreement problem where different explanation techniques provide differing interpretations of the same model. In this study, we aim to find whether reducing the bias in the dataset could lead to XAI explanations that do not disagree. The study thoroughly analyzes this problem, examining various widely recognized explanation methods.
Self -Esteem and Compulsive Buying Behavior: The Role of Hedonic Motivation
Authors: Jain Ankita , SHUKLA ABHISHEK , Srivast Sandeep 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study explores the interplay between hedonic motivation, self-esteem, and compulsive buying behavior. Through a survey involving 639 participants, correlation and regression analyses were conducted to examine these relationships. The findings revealed a significant positive link between self-esteem and compulsive buying behavior, contrary to the negative hypothesis. Additionally, hedonic motivation showed positive associations with both compulsive buying behavior and self-esteem. Notably, hedonic motivation emerged as a key mediator between self-esteem and compulsive buying behavior. The practical implications suggest individuals should manage their emotional responses based on their self-esteem levels and control hedonic tendencies to curb compulsive buying. This research contributes by shedding light on the roles of self-esteem and hedonic motivation in understanding compulsive shopping behaviors.
Analysis of key stakeholders involved in adaptation measures to tackle the adverse health effects of climate change in the Islamic Republic of Iran: A Social Network Analysis
Authors: Mousavi Arefeh , Ardalan Ali , Takian Amirhossein , Halvaiee Neda Soltani , Ostadtaghizadeh Abbas , Naddafi Kazem , Bavani Alireza Massah 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to determine the role and responsibility of stakeholders in decision-making, research, policy-making, and implementation of an adaptation plan, with a comprehensive view of the position, influence, and power of stakeholders.
Methods
This descriptive-analytical research was identified and analyzed using the social network analysis approach. Accordingly, the opinions of 25 university professors, experts, and executives who were selected by purposeful and snowball sampling were obtained through an questionnaire with a Likert scale. Data analysis and graphs design were then performed using Microsoft Excel and Gephi software, version 0.9.2. Stakeholder interaction patterns were also determined through Force Atlas 2 algorithm and graph theory concepts.
Results
The network consisted of 37 nods, 3 clusters, and 63 edges. The network was close to a complete graph with a density of 0.971. Among the trustees’ network, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change was the most active stakeholder and had relatively strong exterior interactions with other stakeholders. The Department of Environmental Protection and the Ministry of Health and Medical Education had relatively weak and very weak exterior interactions with other stakeholders, respectively.
Conclusion
Given the conflicting interests between the industrial sectors and the health sector, it seems that the Ministry of Health and medical education should gain more power and exert influence on other stakeholders; as well, involving health sector representatives in reviewing policies and providing stakeholder advice may help to fill the gap between the health and other sectors in climate change issues.
Illuminating the Past: Coral Reefs Facilitate Diversification of Biofluorescence in Ray-finned Fishes
Authors: Carr Emily , Martin Rene , Thurman Mason , Cohen Karly , Huie Jonathan , Gruber David , Sparks John 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Biofluorescence, the absorption of high-energy light and its reemission at lower energy wavelengths, is widespread across vertebrate and invertebrate lineages, especially fishes. New observations over the past decade have significantly increased our understanding of the diversity and multifunctionality of fluorescence in fish lineages. Herein, we present a comprehensive account of all known biofluorescent ray-finned fishes and infer a dated maximum likelihood phylogeny of Actinopterygii to estimate the age and number of times biofluorescence evolved across this massive assemblage. We show that biofluorescence evolved at least 35 times in ray-finned fishes and is estimated to date back ~184 mya in Aulopiformes (lizardfishes). In Acanthomorpha, we find most biofluorescent families are reef-associated and their number increased considerably throughout the Cenozoic, paralleling the rapid increases in modern reef-associated fish families and coral diversity during this period. Our results suggest that biofluorescence could be a key innovation driving the diversification of reef fishes.
Discovery of Potential Therapeutic Targets in Multi-Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: An Integrative Computational Analysis Spotlighting Proteins
Authors: Vemula Divya , Bhandari Vasundhra 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an aerobic, gram-negative, non-spore forming, rod shaped bacterium which can infect both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts with a wide range of diseases. Aside from its high adaptability, this bacterium is highly resistant, modulates host survival, and affects individuals with compromised immune systems severely. It is imperative to explore new drug targets due to the significant increase in mortality caused by P. aeruginosa infections.
Methods
Subtractive proteomics was used to identify broad spectrum putative Pseudomonas targets using 5,564 core proteins from P. aeruginosa PAO1. The process of identifying drug targets began with the identification of proteins not homologous to humans, the identification of essential proteins, the identification of functional pathways, the localization of proteins in cells, the analysis of proteins involved in virulence and resistance, the analysis of protein stability, and the identification of druggable proteins using various computational tools and webservers. Further, we have conducted docking-based inverse virtual screening using Schrodinger's Glide module to find inhibitors against the identified target proteins using 4,64,867 compounds from the VITAS-M laboratory and druggability analysis of hit compounds using Qikprop module.
Results
This study revealed three novel broad-spectrum druggable targets of pathogenic Pseudomonas species - Preprotein translocase subunit SecD, chemotaxis-specific methylesterase, and imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase subunit HisF2 which are involved in the virulence and multi-drug resistance of the pathogen. Based on the binding affinities, and binding energies of the molecules with the target proteins, we identified 15 hit compounds. The pharmacokinetics analysis revealed that all the 15 compounds as safer inhibitors and could serve as potential therapeutic candidates.
Conclusion
Herein, we present a computationally based framework for identifying therapeutic targets and their inhibitors. The findings of this study can lead to further wet-lab research that may contribute to the eradication of infections caused by multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas species.
Violence against Housemaids and associated factors in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia, 2023: a mixed-method study
Authors: Aynalem Hiwot , Abdulahi Misra , Diribsa Tujuba , Tadele Esayas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Violence against women is a pervasive public health problem that remains hidden and largely underreported. Although all women are vulnerable to violence, the probability of experiencing violence against housemaids seems to be particularly high. However, evidence on the prevalence of violence against housemaids and associated factors is scarce.
Objectives
To assess the prevalence and factors associated with violence against housemaids in Jimma town, southwestern Ethiopia, in 2023.
Methods
Parallel sampling was used in a community-based mixed-methods study of 422 housemaids living in Jimma town. Simple random sampling was used to select participants. To collect the data, a questionnaire administered during a pretested structured interview was used. Qualitative data from fifteen in-depth interviews were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Quantitative data were collected using an open data kit and then exported to SPSS version 26. Bivariate analysis was performed to select candidate variables with P values < 0.25. Then, multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with P values less than 0.05 with their respective AORs and 95% CIs. Finally, a report was presented. Thematic analysis was performed using ATLASti software after the audio recordings were transcribed.
Results
The work lifetime prevalence of violence against housemaids was 61.7%. Violence against housemaids during their work lifetime was associated with having no formal education (AOR = 3.7; 95% CI: 1.22–11.33), having a duration of work greater than four years (AOR = 2.6; 95% CI:1.44–4.99), having two to four durations of work (AOR = 2.4; 95% CI:1.29–4.61), having a job by broker (AOR = 2.8; 95% CI:1.72–4.62), lacking a specific task (AOR = 1.8: 95% CI:1.07–2.90), no social support (AOR = 4.5; 95% CI:1.56–12.89), and having more than six families (AOR = 5.4; 95% CI,2.19–13.49). The qualitative findings also revealed that there was no legal work agreement.
CD74 is a functional MIF receptor on activated CD4+ T cells
Authors: Zhang Lin , Woltering Iris , Holzner Mathias , Brandhofer Markus , Schaefer Carl-Christian , Bushati Genta , Ebert Simon , Yang Bishan , Muenchhoff Maximilian , Hellmuth Johannes C. , Scherer Clemens , Wichmann Christian , Effinger David , Hübner Max , Bounkari Omar El , Scheiermann Patrick , Bernhagen Jürgen , Hoffmann Adrian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Next to its classical role in MHC II-mediated antigen presentation, CD74 was identified as a high-affinity receptor for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a pleiotropic cytokine and major determinant of various acute and chronic inflammatory conditions, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Recent evidence suggests that CD74 is expressed in T cells, but the functional relevance of this observation is poorly understood. Here, we characterized the regulation of CD74 expression and that of the MIF chemokine receptors during activation of human CD4+ T cells and studied links to MIF-induced T-cell migration, function, and COVID-19 disease stage. MIF receptor profiling of resting primary human CD4+ T cells via flow cytometry revealed high surface expression of CXCR4, while CD74, CXCR2 and ACKR3/CXCR7 were not measurably expressed. However, CD4+ T cells constitutively expressed CD74 intracellularly, which upon T-cell activation was significantly upregulated, post-translationally modified by chondroitin sulfate and could be detected on the cell surface, as determined by flow cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and re-analysis of available RNA-sequencing and proteomic data sets. Applying 3D-matrix-based live cell-imaging and receptor pathway-specific inhibitors, we determined a causal involvement of CD74 and CXCR4 in MIF-induced CD4+ T-cell migration. Mechanistically, proximity ligation assay visualized CD74/CXCR4 heterocomplexes on activated CD4+ T cells, which were significantly diminished after MIF treatment, pointing towards a MIF-mediated internalization process. Lastly, in a cohort of 30 COVID-19 patients, CD74 surface expression was found to be significantly upregulated on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in patients with severe compared to patients with only mild disease course. Together, our study characterizes the MIF receptor network in the course of T-cell activation and reveals CD74 as a novel functional MIF receptor and MHC II-independent activation marker of primary human CD4+ T cells.
Comparison of clinical and pathological characteristics between localized giant cell and fibroadenoma of tendon sheath
Authors: Jin Linfang , Wang Shuai , Zhang Ya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective: To explore the clinical and pathological characteristics of localized giant cell tumor of tendon sheath (L-GCTS) and fibroma of tendon sheath (FTS), and to compare and analyze them.
Methods: 241 cases of L-GCTS and 41 cases of FTS who underwent surgical resection and diagnosis at Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital from 2019 to 2023 were collected. Clinical and pathological data of all cases were organized for retrospective analysis. Chi-square test was used to analyze differences between groups.
Results: Comparing our two groups of cases, we found that L-GCTS is more common, while FTS is less common. However, the two were very similar in clinical features, disease course, age of onset, tumor size and overall appearance, as well as imaging manifestations; In our case, L-GCTS was more common in female patients, and there was no significant gender difference in FTS; L-GCTS was more common in the right hand, FTS was also more common in the hand, but the left incidence rate is slightly higher than the right, with no significant difference; In addition, a small number of L-GCTS were accompanied by damage to surrounding tissues, and 41 cases of FTS did not cause damage to surrounding tissues; L-GCTS and FTS are mostly single lesions, with a few being multiple lesions; Among 241 cases of L-GCTS, 235 were primary cases, 6 were recurrent cases, and 41 cases of FTS were all primary cases; The coincidence rate between preoperative imaging diagnosis and postoperative pathological diagnosis of L-GCTS was 89%, and the coincidence rate between preoperative imaging diagnosis and postoperative pathological diagnosis of FTS was 55.3%. The main reason was that it is easier to misdiagnose FTS as L-GCTS before surgery; There were certain differences in pathological and immunohistochemical manifestations between the two.
Conclusion: L-GCTS and FTS are very similar in clinical features, disease course, predilection site, predilection age, tumor size, and tumor appearance. Imaging examination methods are difficult to distinguish between the two before surgery. The differentiation between the two mainly relies on histopathology and immunohistochemistry, and the two also exhibit different molecular genetics. Although both L-GCTS and FTS are benign tumors, their recurrence rates and other prognostic factors are different. Therefore, it is necessary to clearly distinguish between the two.
An integrated model of electric bus energy consumption and optimised depot charging
Authors: Sturmberg Bjorn C.P. , Hendriks Johannes N. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The electrification of buses, and the depots servicing them, is a high priority for creating a more sustainable transport system. Challenges to electrification arise at the intersection of the mobility and electricity systems, as materialised in the costs and complexities of configuring the charging infrastructure to meet scheduled bus trips while minimising the impacts on the power grid.

This paper presents an integrated model of the energy consumed by electric buses on specific routes and the optimal way to charge a fleet of electric buses servicing a schedule of routes.
The energy consumption model reveals the dominant importance of a route's local topology, temperature, and traffic.
The depot charging model highlights the interdependencies of bus energy consumption, route timetables, charging infrastructure, batteries, and load placed on the power grid at the depot connection point and throughout the upstream grid.

The model provides a way to study and co-optimise these, and has the unique feature that it requires as inputs only publicly available data. This makes it easy for researchers and transport system practitioners to study their specific routes and regions.
Global Warming Increases Fire Emissions but Resulting Aerosol Forcing is Uncertain.
Authors: Hamilton Douglas , Kasoar Matt , Bergas-Massó Elisa , Dalmonech Daniela , Hantson Stijn , Lasslop Gitta , Voulgarakis Apostolos , Wells Christopher 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Rapid shifts in fire regimes around the world raise critical questions about the rising impact of fire on climate, policy, and planetary health in the coming decades. To quantify these impacts, global climate modelling is needed to project how future fire regimes may evolve. One set of future fire estimates are included in the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) scenarios that represent how emissions evolve under a range of socioeconomic trajectories the world could take. Yet, a critical component for fire science is missing: no SSP scenario includes the impacts of human-driven climate change on the fire regime. The result of not including how changes in temperature, precipitation, and vegetation alter future fire properties is that, globally, fire emissions are projected to decrease over this century under all SSP scenarios. An alternate set of estimates are a subsection of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase Six climate models that explicitly represent how fire responds to a warming world. Combining this novel dataset with the SSPs produces a harmonized set of fire emission projections that incorporates both climate and socioeconomic activity modulation. Comparison reveals a robust increase in global fire emissions when additionally accounting for the climate feedback on fire activity, determined primarily by increasing extra-tropical fires. A complementary statistical modelling-based approach identified fire drivers across scenarios: climate drives changes outside the tropics with increasing influence in higher forcing scenarios, while human and vegetation drivers are more important within the tropics and at lower forcing scenarios. We diagnose how updated fire emissions alter projections of end-of-century changes in atmospheric fire-aerosol burden and aerosol radiative forcing in two Earth System models. Large extra-tropical increases in fire-aerosol concentrations were predicted in both models, increasing pollution exposure and nutrient deposition to sensitive ecosystems. However, the predicted climate forcing diverged: one model predicts a large aerosol cooling effect (-0.5 to -0.9 Wm-2) while the second predicts a much smaller negative forcing (-0.1 to -0.2 Wm-2). Understanding how increasing fire activity impacts climate therefore relies not only on robust emission projections but also on a much deeper understanding of how fire is an integrated Earth System component and how best to replicate its myriad interactions within models.