bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tissue oxygenation, strength and lactate response to different blood flow restrictive pressures
Authors: Karabulut Murat , Leal Jose A. , Garcia Sonio D. , Cavazos Charity , Bemben Michael 
Published: October 2013

SummaryThis study aimed to determine whether changes in initial restrictive pressures (IRP, tightness of the cuff before inflation with air) affect tissue oxygenation, lactate production and leg strength before, during and after knee extension exercises. The cuff was positioned on the right thigh, and the IRP of either 40–45 or 60–65 mmHg were applied randomly prior to inflating the cuff to the final restrictive pressure (the pressure reached after inflating the cuff with air). Subjects performed four sets (30, 15, 15 and 15 reps) of isotonic knee extensions with 1‐min rest between sets. Tissue oxygenation and blood lactate levels were assessed prior to, during and after exercise, and leg strength was assessed pre‐ and postexercise. There were significant condition by time interactions (P<0·01) and main effects for both condition (P<0·01) and time (P<0·01) for tissue oxygenation, deoxyhaemoglobin, total haemoglobin. Significant main effects were detected for both condition (P<0·01) and time (P<0·01) for leg strength values. There was only a significant time main effect for lactate concentrations. This study is the first to show that a higher IRP had a significant impact on percent tissue oxygenation, leg strength and deoxygenated haemoglobin accumulation during exercise.
Modulating effect of d‐carvone on 1,2‐dimethylhydrazine‐induced pre‐neoplastic lesions, oxidative stress and biotransforming enzymes, in an experimental model of rat colon carcinogenesis
Authors: Vinothkumar R. , Sudha M. , Viswanathan P. , Kabalimoorthy J. , Balasubramanian T. , Nalini N. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjectivesThe present study has aimed to evaluate chemopreventive potential of d‐carvone on oxidative stress markers, biotransforming enzymes, incidence of colonic polyps and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in 1,2‐dimethylhydrazine (DMH)‐induced experimental colon carcinogenesis.Materials and MethodsRats were randomly divided into six groups, with group I serving as control. Group II animals received d‐carvone every day orally (20 mg/kg body weight) for 16 weeks; groups III–VI received subcutaneous injections of DMH (20 mg/kg body weight) once a week, for the first 4 weeks. In addition, groups IV–VI received different doses of d‐carvone (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight everyday orally) along with DMH injections.ResultsOur results revealed that supplementation with d‐carvone significantly reduced incidence of polyps/ACF and ACF multiplicity in DMH‐exposed rats compared to DMH‐alone‐exposed rats. Moreover, our results showed reduced activities of liver and circulatory antioxidants and increased levels of lipid peroxidation by products in DMH‐exposed animals, which were significantly reversed on supplementation with d‐carvone. In addition, colonic antioxidants and lipid peroxidation were significantly diminished in DMH‐exposed rats, which were significantly elevated on supplementation with d‐carvone. Furthermore, we also determined activities of biotransforming enzymes, which were found to be altered in DMH‐exposed rats, but reversed on d‐carvone supplementation. All these observations of changes were supported by histochemical findings.ConclusionOverall, results obtained from this study suggest that d‐carvone at 10 mg/kg body weight provided optimum protection and could be used as an effective chemopreventive agent against colon carcinogenesis induced by DMH.
Malignant transformation of well‐differentiated papillary mesothelioma 13 years after the diagnosis: a case report
Authors: Costanzo Luisa , Scarlata Simone , Perrone Giuseppe , Rossi Luigi , Papa Anselmo , Di Matteo Francesco Maria , Tonini Giuseppe , Onetti Muda Andrea , Antonelli‐Incalzi Raffaele , Tomao Silverio 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWell‐differentiated papillary mesothelioma (WDPM) is a rare mesothelial tumour affecting mostly the peritoneum of women in their reproductive age, but it may occur also at other sites, including the pleura. It is considered a specific pathological entity different from diffuse malignant mesothelioma as it displays a characteristic histological pattern and is associated with a slowly progressive clinical course. We report the case of a 79‐year‐old man with a history of right pleural WDPM at age 64, which was successfully treated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and talc pleurodesis. Thirteen years after the first diagnosis, he presented with mediastinal lymph nodes metastasis and with an extremely rare pattern of tracheal and bronchial infiltration that was detected at bronchoscopy. Biopsy samples revealed loss of histological differentiation of the neoplastic cells. This case report highlights that WDPM is a tumour of uncertain malignant potential that may undergo transformation over many years. Finally, the role of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of WDPM and the possible mechanisms leading to this unique way of metastatisation are discussed.
The evaluation of efficacy and safety of sunitinib on EGFR‐TKI pretreated advanced non‐small cell lung cancer patients in China
Authors: Liu You‐ru , Zhu Wei , Zhang Jian‐liang , Huang Jia‐qi , Zhao Yi‐zhuo , Zhang Wei , Han Bao‐hui , Yao Yi‐hong , Jiang Li‐yan , Li Shan‐qun 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundSunitinib is an oral multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) exhibiting antiagiogenic and antitumor effects.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and potential toxicity of sunitinib therapy in advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in China.MethodsFrom January 2009 to August 2011, 30 patients with stage IV NSCLC, who were pretreated with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐TKIs and then received sunitinib, were retrospectively reviewed. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to determine the potential prognostic risk factors influencing NSCLC survival.ResultsThe median progression‐free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS) of all 30 treated patients was 1.25 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90–1.9 months] and 3.40 months (95% CI: 3.00–6.80 months), respectively. Cox regression analysis suggested that Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) is predictive of both PFS (P = 0.001) and OS (P < 0.001). Common adverse events (AEs) included hand‐foot syndrome (53.3%), mucositis (40.0%), rash (36.7%) and diarrhea (33.3%).ConclusionNo sign of overall clinical benefits of sunitinib was detected in patients with pretreated EGFR‐TKIs. Most patients suffered AEs from mild to moderate severity. ECOG PS is highly associated with PFS and OS rate. Further studies in NSCLC are required to determine whether sunitinib is beneficial nor not.
The diagnostic value of contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography in the assessment of perirenal hematomas in the early post‐operative period after kidney transplantation
Authors: Grzelak P. , Kurnatowska I. , Nowicki M. , Strzelczyk J. , Durczyński A. , Podgórski M. , Stefańczyk L. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundRoutine B‐mode ultrasound examination (rB‐US) is a current standard for the assessment of the transplanted kidney(KTx) in the early post‐operative period. The alteration of perirenal hematoma (PH) echostructure over time limits their detectability and size assessment with rB‐US. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CE‐US) in diagnosing PH of KTx in the early post‐operative period.MethodRoutine B‐US and CE‐US of KTx, performed in 102 patients in the early post‐operative period, were analyzed. CE‐US was performed after intravenous administration of 2.4 mL of sulfur hexafluoride solution. The data were analyzed with respect to the occurrence and thickness of PH.ResultThe difference in echogenicity between PH and kidney parenchyma was modest in rB‐US (mean of 5.7 dB). However, in CE‐US, the difference in echogenicity was significantly increased (mean of 31.4 dB). Routine B‐US did not allow PH to be recognized in 18 patients. The application of CE‐US results in a twofold increase in PH detection when compared with rB‐US (33.3% vs. 15.7%).ConclusionUS‐CE examination is a valuable method for detection and assessment of PH size. Compared with rB‐US, this technique may substantially increase the detectability of hemorrhagic complications in the direct post‐operative period.
Cytokine Profiling in Patients with VCP‐Associated Disease
Authors: Dec Eric , Rana Prachi , Katheria Veeral , Dec Rachel , Khare Manaswitha , Nalbandian Angèle , Leu Szu‐Yun , Radom‐Aizik Shlomit , Llewellyn Katrina , BenMohamed Lbachir , Zaldivar Frank , Kimonis Virginia 
Published: October 2013

AbstractValosin containing protein (VCP) disease (also known as Inclusion Body Myopathy, Paget Disease of Bone and Frontotemporal Dementia [IBMPFD] syndrome) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding VCP classically affecting the muscle, bone and brain. Although the genetic cause has been identified, details regarding the pathogenesis of IBMPFD have not been fully determined. Muscle wasting observed in VCP disease is suggestive of cytokine imbalance. We hypothesized that dysfunctional protein homeostasis caused by VCP mutations leads to cytokine imbalances thereby contributing to the muscle wasting phenotype. Circulating levels of interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF a) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were measured in plasma of patients with VCP disease or controls. TNF a and EGF were significantly altered in VCP disease as compared to control. TNF a was up‐regulated, consistent with a cachexia phenotype and EGF levels were increased. No significant differences were observed in IL‐4 and IL‐6. Cytokine imbalances may be associated with VCP disease and may play a contributory role in VCP myopathy. Further understanding of how VCP dysfunction leads to aberrant protein homeostasis and subsequent cytokine imbalances may also aid in the understanding of other proteinopathies and in the development of novel treatments.
Models of Interinstitutional Partnerships between Research Intensive Universities and Minority Serving Institutions (MSI) across the Clinical Translational Science Award (CTSA) Consortium
Authors: Ofili Elizabeth O. , Fair Alecia , Norris Keith , Verbalis Joseph G. , Poland Russell , Bernard Gordon , Stephens David S. , Dubinett Steven M. , Imperato‐McGinley Julianne , Dottin Robert P. , Pulley Jill , West Andrew , Brown Arleen , Mellman Thomas A. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractHealth disparities are an immense challenge to American society. Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSAs) housed within the National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS) are designed to accelerate the translation of experimental findings into clinically meaningful practices and bring new therapies to the doorsteps of all patients. Research Centers at Minority Institutions (RCMI) program at the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) are designed to build capacity for biomedical research and training at minority serving institutions. The CTSA created a mechanism fostering formal collaborations between research intensive universities and minority serving institutions (MSI) supported by the RCMI program. These consortium‐level collaborations activate unique translational research approaches to reduce health disparities with credence to each academic institutions history and unique characteristics. Five formal partnerships between research intensive universities and MSI have formed as a result of the CTSA and RCMI programs. These partnerships present a multifocal approach; shifting cultural change and consciousness toward addressing health disparities, and training the next generation of minority scientists. This collaborative model is based on the respective strengths and contributions of the partnering institutions, allowing bidirectional interchange and leveraging NIH and institutional investments providing measurable benchmarks toward the elimination of health disparities.
Bird functional diversity enhances insectivory at forest edges: a transcontinental experiment
Authors: Barbaro Luc , Giffard Brice , Charbonnier Yohan , van Halder Inge , Brockerhoff Eckehard G. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAimThe role of bird–insect interactions in shaping bird distribution patterns at the landscape scale has been seldom investigated. In mosaic landscapes, bird functional diversity is considered to be an important driver of avian insectivory, but depends on forest fragmentation and edge effects from adjacent, non‐forest habitats. In a transcontinental experiment, we investigated edge and landscape effects on bird functional diversity and insectivory in mosaic landscapes of mixed forests and open habitats.LocationNew Zealand and France.MethodsWe paired edge and interior plots in native forest fragments in New Zealand and native plantation forests in France. We sampled bird communities using point‐counts and linear transects respectively and simultaneously quantified avian insectivory as the rate of bird attacks on plasticine models mimicking tree‐feeding Lepidoptera larvae. The same seven life traits and attributes were compiled for French and New Zealand birds, including biogeographic origin, body mass, mobility, foraging method, adult diet, nest location and clutch size. Bird functional diversity was quantified on this multitrait basis by four indices: functional richness, evenness, divergence and dispersion. We used mixed models to test for the effects of forest edges, study area, surrounding landscape diversity and native forest cover on bird functional diversity and insectivory.ResultsWe found higher bird functional richness at forest edges than interiors in New Zealand and lower functional richness at edges in France. However, bird functional evenness and divergence were significantly higher at forest edges in the two countries. Functional evenness and dispersion both increased with landscape diversity and evenness increased with native forest cover. Moreover, bird insectivory increased at forest edges with functional evenness, irrespective of the study area.Main conclusionsWe suggest that intermediate levels of forest fragmentation and edge effects increase avian insectivory in mosaic landscapes, through enhanced functional evenness and trait complementation within predatory bird assemblages.
Multiscale impacts of forest degradation through browsing by hyperabundant moose (Alces alces) on songbird assemblages
Authors: Rae Lauren F. , Whitaker Darroch M. , Warkentin Ian G. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAimSongbirds are sensitive to changes in forest structure and composition at various spatial scales, particularly during the breeding season. Habitat degradation associated with herbivore browsing may contribute to declines in songbird populations. Here, we evaluate songbird responses to herbivore‐induced habitat change at multiple spatial scales.LocationIn Gros Morne National Park (GMNP), Newfoundland, Canada, browsing by hyperabundant moose (Alces alces) has changed forest structure by reducing understorey cover and converting regenerating stands to open areas dominated by grasses and shrubs.MethodsWe conducted point count surveys to measure bird occurrence throughoutGMNPduring the 2010 breeding season. Using vegetation information from ground plots and remote sensing, we characterized habitat at three scales: local, neighbourhood and landscape. Following a two‐step procedure to model species occurrence with habitat, the most important habitat factors within each scale were retained for cross‐scale modelling.ResultsCross‐scale models revealed patterns in the association of songbird habitat assemblages with moose‐altered habitats. Early successional species such as mourning warbler (Geothlypis philadelphia) were positively associated with moose‐browsed habitat at the landscape scale. Forest interior specialist (e.g. black‐throated green warbler,Setophaga virens)and generalist species (e.g. boreal chickadee,Poecile hudsonicus) were negatively associated with moose‐browsed habitat at the neighbourhood scale. Local songbird species richness was independent of moose‐browsed habitat at any scale.Main conclusionsThe influence of intense browsing on forest songbirds varies by species but has the potential to extend beyond the area of immediate impact. Continued intense browsing and resulting forest alteration could cause declines in forest specialists and generalists, but may increase populations of early successional species. To maintain bird assemblages characteristic of the region, we recommend management actions that lower moose density in areas with hyperabundant populations such asGMNPto maintain forest structure and regeneration comparable to that present prior to the introduction of moose.
Infants' goal anticipation during failed and successful reaching actions
Authors: Brandone Amanda C. , Horwitz Suzanne R. , Aslin Richard N. , Wellman Henry M. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe ability to interpret and predict the actions of others is crucial to social interaction and to social, cognitive, and linguistic development. The current study provided a strong test of this predictive ability by assessing (1) whether infants are capable of prospectively processing actions that fail to achieve their intended outcome, and (2) how infants respond to events in which their initial predictions are not confirmed. Using eye tracking, 8‐month‐olds, 10‐month‐olds, and adults watched an actor repeatedly reach over a barrier to either successfully or unsuccessfully retrieve a ball. Ten‐month‐olds and adults produced anticipatory looks to the ball, even when the action was unsuccessful and the actor never achieved his goal. Moreover, they revised their initial predictions in response to accumulating evidence of the actor's failure. Eight‐month‐olds showed anticipatory looking only after seeing the actor successfully grasp and retrieve the ball. Results support a flexible, prospective social information processing ability that emerges during the first year of life.
What constitutes cerebral palsy in the twenty‐first century?
Authors: Smithers‐Sheedy Hayley , Badawi Nadia , Blair Eve , Cans Christine , Himmelmann Kate , Krägeloh‐Mann Ingeborg , McIntyre Sarah , Slee Jennie , Uldall Peter , Watson Linda , Wilson Meredith 
Published: October 2013

AimDetermining inclusion/exclusion criteria for cerebral palsy (CP) surveillance is challenging. The aims of this paper were to (1) define inclusion/exclusion criteria that have been adopted uniformly by surveillance programmes and identify where consensus is still elusive, and (2) provide an updated list of the consensus concerning CP inclusion/exclusion when a syndrome/disorder is diagnosed.MethodData were drawn from an international survey of CP registers, the New South Wales CP Register (1993–2003), the Western Australian CP Register (1975–2008), and the Surveillance of CP in Europe (SCPE; 1976–1998). An expert panel used a consensus building technique, which utilized the SCPE ‘decision tree’ and the original ‘What constitutes cerebral palsy?’ paper as frameworks.ResultsCP surveillance programmes agree on key clinical criteria pertaining to the type, severity, and origin of motor disorder in CP. Further work is warranted to reach agreement for (1) minimum age of survival and maximum age of postneonatal brain injury, and (2) metabolic disorders with highly variable clinical courses/responses to treatment. One hundred and ninety‐seven syndromes/disorders were reviewed and advice on their inclusion/exclusion is provided.InterpretationWhat constitutes CP will continue to evolve as diagnostics improve. Surveillance programmes throughout the world are committed to addressing their differences regarding inclusion/exclusion criteria for the umbrella term CP.
Prevalence of cerebral palsy, co‐occurring autism spectrum disorders, and motor functioning –Autism andDevelopmentalDisabilitiesMonitoringNetwork,USA, 2008
Authors: Christensen Deborah , Van Naarden Braun Kim , Doernberg Nancy S , Maenner Matthew J , Arneson Carrie L , Durkin Maureen S , Benedict Ruth E , Kirby Russell S , Wingate Martha S , Fitzgerald Robert , Yeargin‐Allsopp Marshalyn 
Published: October 2013

AimThe aim of this study was to report the prevalence and characteristics of children with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodChildren withCP(n=451) were ascertained by the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network, a population‐based, record‐review surveillance system monitoringCPin four areas of theUSA. Prevalence was calculated as the number of children withCPamong all 8‐year‐old children residing in these areas in 2008. Motor function was categorized byGrossMotorFunctionClassificationSystem level and walking ability. Co‐occurring autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and epilepsy were ascertained usingADDMNetwork surveillance methodology.ResultsThe period prevalence ofCPfor 2008 was 3.1 per 1000 8‐year‐old children (95% confidence interval 2.8–3.4). Approximately 58% of children walked independently. Co‐occurringASDfrequency was 6.9% and was higher (18.4%) among children with non‐spasticCP, particularly hypotonicCP. Co‐occurring epilepsy frequency was 41% overall, did not differ byASDstatus orCPsubtype, and was highest (67%) among children with limited or no walking ability.InterpretationThe prevalence ofCPin childhood fromUSsurveillance data has remained relatively constant, in the range of 3.1 to 3.6 per 1000, since 1996. The higher frequency ofASDin non‐spastic than in spastic subtypes ofCPcalls for closer examination.
Monitoring the prevalence of severe intellectual disability in children across Europe: feasibility of a common database
Authors: van Bakel Marit , Einarsson Ingolfur , Arnaud Catherine , Craig Sarah , Michelsen Susan I , Pildava Santa , Uldall Peter , Cans Christine 
Published: October 2013

AimOur aim was to study the feasibility of creating a framework for monitoring and undertaking collaborative research on intellectual disability at the European level, based on existing databases of children with such disability.MethodThe characteristics of five existing European intellectual disability databases from four countries (Iceland, Latvia, Ireland, and two in France), were discussed on the basis of ideal criteria set by a working group on childhood intellectual disability as part of the Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy in Europe Network (SCPE‐NET). Mean prevalence values for severe intellectual disability for the birth years 1990 till 2002 were compared across databases.ResultsMethods of case recruitment and diagnosis differed across databases, but classification of intellectual disability and completeness were similar. Severe intellectual disability (IQ<50) prevalence estimates were significantly (p<0.001) different across databases (south‐east France: 3.3 out of 1000; south‐west France: 3.0 out of 1000; Latvia: 3.9 out of 1000; Ireland: 5.0 out of 1000; and Iceland 5.1 out of 1000).InterpretationIn spite of differences in diagnosis and case inclusion across databases, the construction of a common database for severe intellectual disability was deemed feasible through harmonization of certain criteria, such as age, and through restriction to those with severe intellectual disability.