bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Pretreatment Rate of Bone Loss and Bone Density Response to Once-Yearly ZOL: HORIZON-PFT Extension Study
Authors: Eastell Richard , Boonen Steven , Cosman Felicia , Reid Ian R , Palermo Lisa , Cummings Steven R , Black Dennis M 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACT

Several studies have shown that high bone turnover is associated with greater rates of bone loss and greater bone mineral density (BMD) response to antiresorptive therapy in postmenopausal osteoporosis. However, it is not known whether greater rates of bone loss before therapy are associated with greater BMD response to antiresorptive therapy. In the HORIZON-PFT study and its extension, one group of women who were randomized to receive placebo for 3 years (years 1, 2, and 3) were then switched to zoledronic acid (ZOL) 5 mg annually for up to three injections (years 4, 5, and 6, P3Z3 arm) (n = 1223). We measured total hip BMD at baseline, 1, 2, and 3 years on placebo and at 4.5 and 6 years on ZOL. The procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) was measured at 3, 4.5, and 6 years. By design, not all subjects were followed for as long as 6 years, so this analysis focused on the results at 4.5 years. Those with the largest loss in total hip BMD on placebo in years 0 to 3 had the largest gain during ZOL (years 3 to 4.5): (r = –0.39, p &lt; 0.0001). The change in total hip BMD in years 0 to 3 on placebo was related to the serum PINP at the end of the 3-year period (r = –0.24, p &lt; 0.0001). The change in total hip BMD on ZOL from year 3 to 4.5 was related to the serum PINP at the end of the 3-year period (r = 0.26, p &lt; 0.0001). We conclude that BMD response to ZOL is greater in postmenopausal women who had larger loss before treatment. This association may result from higher bone turnover being associated with both greater bone loss on placebo and greater BMD response to ZOL. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Osteoarthritis disease progression model using six year follow‐up data from the osteoarthritis initiative
Authors: Passey Chaitali , Kimko Holly , Nandy Partha , Kagan Leonid 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe objective was to develop a quantitative model of disease progression of knee osteoarthritis over 6 years using the total WOMAC score from patients enrolled into the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) study. The analysis was performed using data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative database. The time course of the total WOMAC score of patients enrolled into the progression cohort was characterized using non‐linear mixed effect modeling in NONMEM. The effect of covariates on the status of the disease and the progression rate was investigated. The final model provided a good description of the experimental data using a linear progression model with a common baseline (19 units of the total WOMAC score). The WOMAC score decreased by 1.77 units/year in 89% of the population or increased by 1.74 units/year in 11% of the population. Multiple covariates were found to affect the baseline and the rate of progression, including BMI, sex, race, the use of pain medications, and the limitation in activity due to symptoms. A mathematical model to describe the disease progression of osteoarthritis in the studied population was developed. The model identified two sub‐populations with increasing or decreasing total WOMAC score over time, and the effect of important covariates was quantified.
Understanding how to improve collaboration between hospitals and primary care in postdischarge care transitions: A qualitative study of primary care leaders' perspectives
Authors: Nguyen Oanh Kieu , Kruger Jenna , Greysen S. Ryan , Lyndon Audrey , Goldman L. Elizabeth 
Published: September 2014

BACKGROUNDThere is limited collaboration between hospitals and primary care despite parallel efforts to improve postdischarge care transitions.OBJECTIVETo understand what primary care leaders perceived as barriers and facilitators to collaboration with hospitals.METHODSQualitative study with in‐depth, semistructured interviews of 22 primary care leaders in 2012 from California safety‐net clinics.RESULTSMajor barriers to collaboration included lack of institutional financial incentives for collaboration, competing priorities (e.g., regulatory requirements, strained clinic capacity, financial strain) and mismatched expectations about role and capacity of primary care to improve care transitions. Facilitators included relationship building through interpersonal networking and improving communication and information transfer via electronic health record (EHR) implementation.CONCLUSIONSEfforts to improve care transitions should focus on aligning financial incentives, standardizing regulations around EHR interoperability and data sharing, and enhancing opportunities for interpersonal networking. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2014;9:700–706. © 2014 Society of Hospital Medicine
Protective effects of Cholestin on ethanol induced oxidative stress in rats
Authors: Hsieh You‐Liang , Yeh Yen‐Hung , Lee Ya‐Ting , Huang Chih‐Yang 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDMale Wistar rats were divided into seven groups as follows: group A, basal diet; group B, basal diet with Cholestin at 0.1667 g kg−1 body weight (BW); groups C–F, oral feeding of ethanol at 7.9 g kg−1 BW; groups D–F, Cholestin in diet at 0.1667, 0.3333 and 0.5 g kg−1 BW respectively; group G, silymarin in diet at 200 mg kg−1 BW.RESULTSThe results showed that treatment with Cholestin for 8 weeks reduced the impact of ethanol toxicity on serum markers of liver damage: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The antioxidant system was significantly enhanced: plasma and hepatic thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substance (TBARS) levels were lowered while hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), ethanol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities and non‐enzymatic antioxidants (vitamin E, vitamin C and GSH) were elevated.CONCLUSIONCholestin shows a protective effect against hepatotoxicity indices in ethanol‐fed rats comparable to that of silymarin, as supported by the evaluation of liver histopathology. The data suggest that Cholestin exerts its hepatoprotective effect by decreasing lipid peroxidation and improving antioxidants status, thus proving itself as an effective antioxidant in ethanol‐induced oxidative damage in rats. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparison of the effects of ionic liquid and anti‐wear additives on the tribological properties of Cr―Mo―N coatings
Authors: Feng Xin , Xia Yanqiu 
Published: September 2014

AbstractCr―Mo―N coating was prepared by magnetron sputtering, and its crystallinity and phase structure were analysed by X‐ray diffraction. The tribological properties of the coating separately lubricated with L‐P106 ionic liquid was compared with poly‐alpha‐olefin (PAO) and PAO‐containing MoDTP and ZnDTP additives with a ball‐on‐disc reciprocal friction and wear tester. It was found that the tribological properties of as‐prepared Cr―Mo―N coating vary with varying lubricant systems. Namely, the results indicated that the L‐P106 has better friction‐reducing and wear resistance properties than that of MoDTC and ZnDTP. The analyses indicated that Cr―Mo―N coatings and lubrication films can be considered as a solid–liquid duplex lubricating systems. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gradient‐based electrical properties tomography (gEPT): A robust method for mapping electrical properties of biological tissues in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Liu Jiaen , Zhang Xiaotong , Schmitter Sebastian , Van de Moortele Pierre‐Francois , He Bin 
Published: September 2014

PurposeTo develop high‐resolution electrical properties tomography (EPT) methods and investigate a gradient‐based EPT (gEPT) approach that aims to reconstruct the electrical properties (EP), including conductivity and permittivity, of an imaged sample from experimentally measured B1 maps with improved boundary reconstruction and robustness against measurement noise.Theory and MethodsUsing a multichannel transmit/receive stripline head coil with acquired B1 maps for each coil element, and by assuming negligible Bz component compared to transverse B1 components, a theory describing the relationship between B1 field, EP value, and their spatial gradient has been proposed. The final EP images were obtained through spatial integration over the reconstructed EP gradient. Numerical simulation, physical phantom, and in vivo human experiments at 7 T have been conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed method.ResultsReconstruction results were compared with target EP values in both simulations and phantom experiments. Human experimental results were compared with EP values in literature. Satisfactory agreement was observed with improved boundary reconstruction. Importantly, the proposed gEPT method proved to be more robust against noise when compared to previously described nongradient‐based EPT approaches.ConclusionThe proposed gEPT approach holds promises to improve EP mapping quality by recovering the boundary information and enhancing robustness against noise. Magn Reson Med 74:634–646, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Voiding dysfunction in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Authors: de Carvalho Fabricio Leite , Gomes Cristiano Mendes , Apostolos‐Pereira Samira L. , Bessa Jose , Pinheiro Marcello , Marchiori Paulo E. , Bruschini Homero , Srougi Miguel , Callegaro Dagoberto 
Published: September 2014

AimsWe assessed the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and urodynamic findings in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMO‐SD), a recently defined neurological disease.MethodsWe prospectively evaluated seven men and 23 women (mean age 41.1 ± 13.5 years) with an established diagnosis of NMO‐SD who were invited to participate irrespective of the presence of LUTS. Neurological evaluation was assessed with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and LUTS were evaluated with the Overactive Bladder questionnaire (OAB‐V8) and the International Prostate Symptom Score (I‐PSS). All patients underwent videourodynamics, transabdominal urinary tract sonography, urine culture, and serum creatinine levels.ResultsThe mean time of disease duration was 33.8 ± 30.8 months. Neurological evaluation showed a mean EDSS score of 5.3 ± 1.8. The most frequent videourodynamic findings were detrusor‐sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) and detrusor overactivity (DO) in 11 (36.6%) patients, DSD without DO in seven (23.3%) and DO without DSD in six (20.0%) patients. Voiding dysfunction assessed by I‐PSS and OAB‐V8 increased with the degree of neurological impairment (P = 0.018; r = 0.42 and P = 0.006; r = 0.48 respectively). Patients with DSD had higher I‐PSS (18.5 ± 11.4 vs 7.0 ± 9.2; P = 0.029) and OAB‐V8 scores (22.8 ± 15.8vs 9.1 ± 7.8; P = 0.008), and worse neurological impairment (mean EDSS 5.9 ± 1.8 vs 4.5 ± 1.5; P = 0.027).ConclusionsMost patients with NMO‐SD have LUTS and voiding dysfunction, with DSD and DO as the main urodynamic findings. The severity of the neurological disease is a predictive factor for the occurrence of voiding dysfunction and detrusor‐sphincter dyssynergia. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:39–43, 2016. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
De novo discovery of phenotypic intratumour heterogeneity using imaging mass spectrometry
Authors: Balluff Benjamin , Frese Christian K , Maier Stefan K , Schöne Cédrik , Kuster Bernhard , Schmitt Manfred , Aubele Michaela , Höfler Heinz , Deelder André M , Heck Albert JR , Hogendoorn Pancras CW , Morreau Johannes , Maarten Altelaar AF , Walch Axel , McDonnell Liam A 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAn essential and so far unresolved factor influencing the evolution of cancer and the clinical management of patients is intratumour clonal and phenotypic heterogeneity. However, the de novo identification of tumour subpopulations is so far both a challenging and an unresolved task. Here we present the first systematic approach for the de novo discovery of clinically detrimental molecular tumour subpopulations. In this proof‐of‐principle study, spatially resolved, tumour‐specific mass spectra were acquired, using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry, from tissues of 63 gastric carcinoma and 32 breast carcinoma patients. The mass spectra, representing the proteomic heterogeneity within tumour areas, were grouped by a corroborated statistical clustering algorithm in order to obtain segmentation maps of molecularly distinct regions. These regions were presumed to represent different phenotypic tumour subpopulations. This was confirmed by linking the presence of these tumour subpopulations to the patients' clinical data. This revealed several of the detected tumour subpopulations to be associated with a different overall survival of the gastric cancer patients (p = 0.025) and the presence of locoregional metastases in patients with breast cancer (p = 0.036). The procedure presented is generic and opens novel options in cancer research, as it reveals microscopically indistinct tumour subpopulations that have an adverse impact on clinical outcome. This enables their further molecular characterization for deeper insights into the biological processes of cancer, which may finally lead to new targeted therapies. Copyright © 2014 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diagnosis of central nervous system relapse of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Impact of routine cytological CSF analysis at the time of intrathecal chemotherapy
Authors: Gassas Adam , Krueger Joerg , Alvi Saima , Sung Lillian , Hitzler Johanne , Lieberman Lani 
Published: September 2014

BackgroundDespite the success of central nervous system (CNS) directed therapy in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), relapse involving the CNS continues to be observed in 5–10% of children when utilizing standard intrathecal prophylactic chemotherapy. While most pediatric ALL treatment protocols mandate regular lumbar punctures (LP) for the intrathecal injection of chemotherapy, the value of routine cytological analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during therapy is unknown. Our objective was to assess the diagnostic value of routine CSF analysis during ALL therapy.ProcedureTo allow for at least 10 years of follow up from ALL diagnosis, children (0–18 years) with ALL diagnosed and treated at SickKids, Toronto, Canada between 1994–2004 were studied. Medical records of patients with CNS relapse were examined to determine whether CNS relapse was diagnosed based on cytology of a routinely obtained CSF sample, a CSF sample obtained because of signs and symptoms or a CSF sample obtained after the diagnosis of a bone marrow relapse.ResultsOf 494 children treated for ALL, 31 (6.6%) developed a relapse of ALL involving the CNS. Twenty‐two had an isolated CNS relapse and nine had a combined bone marrow and CNS relapse. Among patients with isolated CNS relapse, 73% (16/22) were diagnosed based on routine CSF samples obtained from asymptomatic children. Conversely, 89% (8/9) of children with combined bone marrow and CNS relapse presented with symptoms and signs that prompted CSF examination.ConclusionRoutine CSF examination at the time of LP for intrathecal chemotherapy is useful in detecting CNS relapse. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:2215–2217. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The impact of parental diagnosis of borderline personality disorder on offspring: Learning from clinical practice
Authors: Bartsch Dianna R. , Roberts Rachel M. , Davies Matthew , Proeve Michael 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore mental health clinicians' opinions regarding the impact of a parental diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD) on offspring and factors that may protect these children from developing emotional and/or behavioural difficulties. Expert opinions from 64 clinicians were collected through a voluntary and anonymous online qualitative survey. Thematic analysis of the data revealed five main themes relating to the impact of parental BPD symptoms on offspring. Children in these families were observed to develop behavioural, emotional and interpersonal difficulties, disturbances to cognitive processes and self dysfunction. A number of protective factors for offspring were also identified, such as supportive social networks, therapeutic intervention and child and parent characteristics. A model for the potential transgenerational transmission of emotional dysregulation from parent to child was proposed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New roles for old modifications: Emerging roles of N‐terminal post‐translational modifications in development and disease
Authors: Tooley John G. , Schaner Tooley Christine E. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe importance of internal post‐translational modification (PTM) in protein signaling and function has long been known and appreciated. However, the significance of the same PTMs on the alpha amino group of N‐terminal amino acids has been comparatively understudied. Historically considered static regulators of protein stability, additional functional roles for N‐terminal PTMs are now beginning to be elucidated. New findings show that N‐terminal methylation, along with N‐terminal acetylation, is an important regulatory modification with significant roles in development and disease progression. There are also emerging studies on the enzymology and functional roles of N‐terminal ubiquitylation and N‐terminal propionylation. Here, will discuss the recent advances in the functional studies of N‐terminal PTMs, recount the new N‐terminal PTMs being identified, and briefly examine the possibility of dynamic N‐terminal PTM exchange.
Structure of human SNX10 reveals insights into its role in human autosomal recessive osteopetrosis
Authors: Xu Tingting , Xu Jinxin , Ye Yinghua , Wang Qi , Shu Xiaodong , Pei Duanqing , Liu Jinsong 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTSorting nexin 10 (SNX10), the unique member of the SNX family having vacuolation activity in cells, was shown to be involved in the development of autosomal recessive osteopetrosis (ARO) in recent genetic studies. However, the molecular mechanism of the disease‐related mutations affecting the biological function of SNX10 is unclear. Here, we report the crystal structure of human SNX10 to 2.6Å resolution. The structure reveals that SNX10 contains the extended phox‐homology domain we previously proposed. Our study provides the structural details of those disease‐related mutations. Combined with the vacuolation study of those mutations, we found that Tyr32 and Arg51 are important for the protein stability and both play a critical role in vacuolation activity, while Arg16Leu may affect the function of SNX10 in osteoclast through protein–protein interactions. Proteins 2014; 82:3483–3489. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Language and tool support for event refinement structures in Event-B
Authors: Salehi Fathabadi Asieh , Butler Michael , Rezazadeh Abdolbaghi 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Event-B is a formal method for modelling and verifying the consistency of chains of model refinements. The event refinement structure (ERS) approach augments Event-B with a graphical notation which is capable of explicit representation of control flows and refinement relationships. In previous work, the ERS approach has been evaluated manually in the development of two large case studies, a multimedia protocol and a spacecraft sub-system. The evaluation results helped us to extend the ERS constructors, to develop a systematic definition of ERS, and to develop a tool supporting ERS. We propose the ERS language which systematically defines the semantics of the ERS graphical notation including the constructors. The ERS tool supports automatic construction of the Event-B models in terms of control flows and refinement relationships. In this paper we outline the systematic definition of ERS including the presentation of constructors, the tool that supports it and evaluate the contribution that ERS and its tool make. Also we present how the systematic definition of ERS and the corresponding tool can ensure a consistent encoding of the ERS diagrams in the Event-B models.
Laparoscopic Heller Myotomy for Achalasia: Does the Age of the Patient Affect the Outcome?
Authors: Markar Sheraz R. , Zaninotto Giovanni 
Published: September 2014

AbstractEsophageal achalasia is the most common primary motility disorder of the esophageal body and lower esophageal sphincter. The optimal management strategy for elderly patients with achalasia remains inconclusive, however elderly patients are still more likely to be recommended for endoscopic treatments rather than LHM, due to a perception of increased surgical risk in these patients. Advantages of surgical myotomy in the elderly over pneumatic dilation are: 1. the risk of mucosal perforation during surgery is better controlled than after endoscopic balloon dilatation and 2. the greater efficacy for the surgical approach where only one procedure is routinely required whereas pneumatic dilation often requires repeat treatment to achieve long‐term relief of symptoms.
Understanding cerebral L‐lysine metabolism: the role of L‐pipecolate metabolism in Gcdh‐deficient mice as a model for glutaric aciduria type I
Authors: Posset Roland , Opp Silvana , Struys Eduard A. , Völkl Alfred , Mohr Heribert , Hoffmann Georg F. , Kölker Stefan , Sauer Sven W. , Okun Jürgen G. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractInherited deficiencies of the L‐lysine catabolic pathway cause glutaric aciduria type I and pyridoxine‐dependent epilepsy. Dietary modulation of cerebral L‐lysine metabolism is thought to be an important therapeutic intervention for these diseases. To better understand cerebral L‐lysine degradation, we studied in mice the two known catabolic routes — pipecolate and saccharopine pathways — using labeled stable L‐lysine and brain peroxisomes purified according to a newly established protocol. Experiments with labeled stable L‐lysine show that cerebral L‐pipecolate is generated along two pathways: i) a minor proportion retrograde after ε‐deamination of L‐lysine along the saccharopine pathway, and ii) a major proportion anterograde after α‐deamination of L‐lysine along the pipecolate pathway. In line with these findings, we observed only little production of saccharopine in the murine brain. L‐pipecolate oxidation was only detectable in brain peroxisomes, but L‐pipecolate oxidase activity was low (7 ± 2μU/mg protein). In conclusion, L‐pipecolate is a major degradation product from L‐lysine in murine brain generated by α‐deamination of this amino acid.