bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhodium‐Cobalt Bimetallic Nanoparticles: A Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Carbon‐Carbon Bonds with Hydrous Hydrazine
Authors: Lin Jin , Chen Jing , Su Weiping 
Published: December 2012

AbstractOur studies on the effect of metal compositions on the catalytic activity of the rhodium‐based bimetallic nanocatalysts revealed that the nanoparticles with a 4:1 ratio of rhodium to cobalt, were more active than the rhodium monometallic nanoparticles in the selective hydrogenation of unsaturated carbon‐carbon bonds with hydrous hydrazine as a hydrogen source. The nanocatalysts effected this hydrogenation process in good‐to‐excellent yields with high functional group tolerance, and could be reused 10 times without the loss of catalytic activity. The catalyst characterization by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and line‐scanning analysis suggested that the coexistence of metallic rhodium and cobalt plays an important role in the enhancement of catalytic activity.
Mosaic maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15 in Prader–Willi syndrome: Utility of genome‐wide SNP array
Authors: Izumi Kosuke , Santani Avni B. , Deardorff Matthew A. , Feret Holly A. , Tischler Tanya , Thiel Brian D. , Mulchandani Surabhi , Stolle Catherine A. , Spinner Nancy B. , Zackai Elaine H. , Conlin Laura K. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractPrader–Willi syndrome is caused by the loss of paternal gene expression on 15q11.2–q13.2, and one of the mechanisms resulting in Prader–Willi syndrome phenotype is maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15. Various mechanisms including trisomy rescue, monosomy rescue, and post fertilization errors can lead to uniparental disomy, and its mechanism can be inferred from the pattern of uniparental hetero and isodisomy. Detection of a mosaic cell line provides a unique opportunity to understand the mechanism of uniparental disomy; however, mosaic uniparental disomy is a rare finding in patients with Prader–Willi syndrome. We report on two infants with Prader–Willi syndrome caused by mosaic maternal uniparental disomy 15. Patient 1 has mosaic uniparental isodisomy of the entire chromosome 15, and Patient 2 has mosaic uniparental mixed iso/heterodisomy 15. Genome‐wide single‐nucleotide polymorphism array was able to demonstrate the presence of chromosomally normal cell line in the Patient 1 and trisomic cell line in Patient 2, and provide the evidence that post‐fertilization error and trisomy rescue as a mechanism of uniparental disomy in each case, respectively. Given its ability of detecting small percent mosaicism as well as its capability of identifying the loss of heterozygosity of chromosomal regions, genome‐wide single‐nucleotide polymorphism array should be utilized as an adjunct to the standard methylation analysis in the evaluation of Prader–Willi syndrome. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Crystallization kinetics of bacterial poly(3‐hydroxylbutyrate) copolyesters with cyanuric acid as a nucleating agent
Authors: Pan Pengju , Shan Guorong , Bao Yongzhong , Weng Zhixue 
Published: December 2012

AbstractEffects of cyanuric acid (CA) on nonisothermal and isothermal crystallization, melting behavior, and spherulitic morphology of bacterial copolyesters of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate), i.e., poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH), have been investigated. CA has excellent acceleration effectiveness on the melt crystallization of bacterial PHB, PHBV, and PHBH, better than the nucleating agents reported in the literatures, such as boron nitride, uracil, and orotic acid. PHBV and PHBH do not crystallize upon cooling from the melt at 10°C/min, while they are able to complete crystallization under the same conditions with an addition of 1% CA, with a presence of sharp crystallization exotherm at 75–95°C. Isothermal crystallization kinetics of neat and CA‐containing PHBV and PHBH were analyzed by Avrami model. Crystallization half‐times (t1/2) of PHBV and PHBH decrease dramatically with an addition of CA. The melting behavior of isothermally melt‐crystallized PHBV and PHBH is almost not influenced by CA. Spherulitic numbers of PHBV and PHBH increase and the spherulite sizes reduce with an incorporation of CA. Nucleation densities of PHBV and PHBH increase by 3–4 orders of magnitude with a presence of 1% CA. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Synthesis and evaluation of trimethylolpropane triacrylate crosslinked superabsorbent polymers for conserving water and fertilizers
Authors: Venkatachalam Dhanapal , Vediappan Vijayakumar , Kaliappa gounder Subramanian 
Published: December 2012

AbstractA series of superabsorbent polymers (SAP) were synthesized by free radical thermal copolymerization of acrylic acid and N‐isopropyl acrylamide monomers using trimethylolpropane triacrylate as crosslinker. They were characterized by FT‐IR and thermal stability (TGA/DTG), and evaluated for their water and fertilizer uptake and release characteristics under different crosslinker levels, temperature, pressure, and pH. The observed maximum absorption of water by the SAP was 1130 g/g of polymer. The release was modeled which showed a non‐Fickian mechanism. The water uptake of SAP was correlated with the average molecular weight between the crosslinks and crosslink density. Analysis of the weight loss data from TG in air revealed a zero order kinetics for the initial degradation step with an activation energy (AE) of 70.8 kJ/mol. The AEs for water uptake and release for thermal degradation were also determined through Arrhenius plots. The results inferred that the synthesized SAP can be exploited for commercial agricultural applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Hydrodynamics Characterization of an Ellipse Gate Impeller by Experimental and Numerical Studies
Authors: Xie M.‐H. , Xia J.‐Y. , Zhou G.‐Z. , Zhang S.‐L. , Yu P.‐Q. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractHydrodynamics characteristics like flow pattern, shear rate distribution, power consumption, axial pumping capacity, mixing time, and mixing efficiency of an ellipse gate (EG) impeller were investigated by experimental and numerical methods. The numerical simulation results were validated by experimental data of power consumption and mixing time. Results indicate that the axial pumping number of the EG impeller is larger than that of any other reported large‐scale impeller under laminar regime, and that the shear rate formed by this impeller is less sensitive to Reynolds numbers. In‐depth analysis reveals the different function of each part of the EG impeller under different flow regimes. This impeller provides an almost similar mixing efficiency like the double‐helical ribbon impeller under laminar regime, but much higher mixing efficiency both under transitional and turbulent flow regimes.
Quantum‐Chemical and Electrochemical Investigation of the Electrochemical Windows of Halogenated Carborate Anions
Authors: Boeré René T. , Bolli Christoph , Finze Maik , Himmelspach Alexander , Knapp Carsten , Roemmele Tracey L. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe range of electrochemical stability of a series of weakly coordinating halogenated (Hal=F, Cl, Br, I) 1‐carba‐closo‐dodecaborate anions, [1‐R‐CB11X5Y6]− (R=H, Me; X=H, Hal, Me; Y=Hal), has been established by using quantum chemical calculations and electrochemical methods. The structures of the neutral and dianionic radicals, as well as the anions, have been optimized by using DFT calculations at the PBE0/def2‐TZVPP level. The calculated structures are in good agreement with existing experimental data and with previous calculations. Their gas‐phase ionization energies and electron affinities were calculated based on their optimized structures and were compared with experimental (cyclic and square‐wave) voltammetry data. Electrochemical oxidation was performed in MeCN at room temperature and in liquid sulfur dioxide at lower temperatures. All of the anions show a very high resistance to the onset of oxidation (2.15–2.85 V versus Fc0/+), with only a minor dependence of the oxidation potential on the different halogen substituents. In contrast, the reduction potentials in MeCN are strongly substituent dependent (−1.93 to −3.32 V versus Fc0/+). The calculated ionization energies and electron affinities correlate well with the experimental redox potentials, which provide important verification of the thermodynamic validity of the mostly irreversible redox processes that are observed for this series. The large electrochemical windows that are afforded by these anions indicate their suitability for electrochemical applications, for example, as supporting electrolytes.
New Vistas in N‐Heterocyclic Silylene (NHSi) Transition‐Metal Coordination Chemistry: Syntheses, Structures and Reactivity towards Activation of Small Molecules
Authors: Blom Burgert , Stoelzel Miriam , Driess Matthias 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis account is a review on the synthesis and transition‐metal coordination chemistry of N‐heterocyclic silylenes (NHSi’s) over the last 20 years till the present time (2012). Recently, fascinating and novel synthetic methods have been developed to access transition‐metal–NHSi complexes as an emerging class of compounds with a wealth of intriguing reactivity patterns. The striking influence of coordinating NHSi’s to transition‐metal complex fragments affording different reactivities to the “free” NHSi is a connecting theme (“leitmotif”) throughout the review, and highlights the potential of these compounds which lie at the interface of contemporary main‐group and classical organometallic chemistry towards new molecular catalysts for small‐molecule activation.
Cu2O‐Mediated Room Temperature Cyanation of Aryl Boronic Acids/Esters and TMSCN
Authors: Ye Yong , Wang Yanhua , Liu Pengtang , Han Fushe 
Published: December 2012

AbstractA method for the efficient and reliable synthesis of aryl nitriles via the Cu2O‐catalyed cross‐coupling of aryl boronic acids or esters and TMSCN is presented. A broad range of substrates decorated by electron‐rich and deficient, sterically very congested, and labile functionalities were tolerated. Moreover, the reaction can proceed under mild conditions at room temperature. These advantages paired with the use of cheap, readily available, and halogen‐free Cu2O as catalysts make the protocol an appealing option for aryl cyanations.
A Highly Selective Colorimetric Sensor for Cu2+ Based on Phenolic Group Biscarbonyl Hydrazone
Authors: Li Junjian , Guo Ying , Yao Hong , Lin Qi , Xie Yongqiang , Wei Taibao , Zhang Youming 
Published: December 2012

AbstractA novel copper selective sensor 2 based on hydrazide and salicylaldehyde has been designed and prepared. Sensor 2 behaves a single selectivity and sensitivity in the recognition for Cu2+ over other metal ions such as Fe3+, Hg2+, Ag+, Ca2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Cr3+ and Mg2+ in DMSO. The distinct color change and the rapid changement of fluorescence emission provide naked‐eyes detection for Cu2+. The UV‐vis data indicate that 1:2 stoichiometry complex is formed by sensor 2 and Cu2+. The association constant Ks was 3.51×104 mol−1·L. The detection limitation of Cu2+ with the sensor 2 was 2.2×10−7 mol·L−1. The sensing of Cu2+ by this sensor was found to be reversible, with the Cu2+‐induced color being lost upon addition of EDTA.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyclocarbonylation of 2‐Halobenzaldehyde and Hydrazines: A Facile Synthesis of 2‐Aminoisoindolin‐1‐ones
Authors: Han Chao , Shen Yang , Lu Ping , Wang Yanguang 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAn efficient procedure for the synthesis of 2‐aminoisoindolin‐1‐ones via a palladium‐catalyzed three‐component reaction of 2‐halobenzaldehydes, hydrazines and carbon monoxide is reported. This cyclocarbonylation process can be performed smoothly under 1 atmospheric pressure of carbon monoxide to afford 2‐aminoisoindolin‐1‐ones in moderate to excellent yields.
Dysoxylumasins A–F: Six New Limonoids from Dysoxylum mollissimum Bl.
Authors: Xu Jinbiao , Ni Gang , Yang Shengping , Yue Jianmin 
Published: December 2012

AbstractSix new mexicanolide‐type limonoids, dysoxylumasins A–F (1–6), together with eight known compounds, namely litseagermacrane, 15‐methoxyisodauc‐3‐ene‐1β,5α‐diol, isodauc‐6‐ene‐10β,14‐diol, 4‐epi‐isodauc‐6‐ene‐10β,14‐diol, 2α,3α,4β‐trihydroxypregnan‐16‐one, 1,7‐phenanthrenedimethanol, spicatin, and aurantiamide, were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Dysoxylum mollissimum Bl. Their structures were established by the analyses of spectroscopic data.
Direct Electrochemistry of Hemoglobin on Vertically Aligned Carbon Hybrid TiO2 Nanotubes and Its Highly Sensitive Biosensor Performance
Authors: Liu Meichuan , Zhao Guohua , Tang Yiting , Shi Huijie , Yang Nianjun 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe present work is focused on developing a novel biomaterial platform to achieve enhanced direct electron transfer (DET) of hemoprotein and higher biosensor performance on vertically aligned carbon hybrid TiO2 nanotubes (C‐TiO2 NTs). Using a simple surfactant‐assisted method, controllable hybridization of TiO2 NTs with conductive amorphous carbon species is realized. The obtained C‐TiO2 NTs is ingeniously chosen to serve as an ideal "vessel" for protein immobilization and biosensor applications. Results show that the appropriate hybridization of C into TiO2 NTs leads to a much better conductivity of TiO2 NTs without destroying their preponderant tubular structures or damaging their excellent biocompatibility and hydrophilicity. When used in loading proteins, the C‐TiO2 NTs can be used as a super vessel for rapid and substantive immobilization of hemoglobin (Hb), with a large surface electroactive Hb coverage (Γ∗︁) of 3.3×10−9 mol·cm−2. Enhanced DET of Hb is commendably observed on the constructed Hb/C‐TiO2 NTs biosensor with a couple of well‐defined redox peaks in a fast electron transfer process. The biosensor further exhibits fast response, high sensitivity and stability for the amperometric biosensing of H2O2 with the detection limit as low as 3.1×10−8 mol/L.
Inhibitors of HIV‐1 Integrase‐Human LEDGF/p75 Interaction Identified from Natural Products via Virtual Screening
Authors: Hu Guoping , Li Xi , Li Yaozong , Sun Xianqiang , Liu Guixia , Li Weihua , Huang Jin , Shen Xu , Tang Yun 
Published: December 2012

AbstractHIV‐1 integrase (IN)‐mediated integration of viral DNA into the host chromosome is an essential step in the virus life cycle. Human lens epithelium‐derived growth factor (LEDGF/p75) has been found to function as a cellular cofactor in this process. The LEDGF/p75‐IN interaction hence represents an attractive target for anti‐HIV therapy. In this study, natural products were virtually screened against the LEDGF/p75 binding pocket of HIV‐1 IN. 24 compounds were selected and obtained from the National Compound Resource Center of China. AlphaScreen assays characterized 8 of these 24 natural products as potent LEDGF/p75‐IN interaction inhibitors. The active compounds whose IC50 values ranged from 0.56 to 14.55 µmol/L could be used as lead compounds for further investigation. This work confirmed that natural products are valuable resources for antiviral drug discovery.
Pyrene Excimer‐based Bis‐triazolyl Pyranoglycoligands as Specific Mercury Sensors
Authors: He Xiaopeng , Xie Juan , Chen Guorong , Chen Kaixian 
Published: December 2012

AbstractNew C3,4‐disubstituted bis‐triazolyl glycoligands that feature a glucosyl or galactosyl scaffold incorporating two pyrenyl groups were synthesized via the CuI‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction (Cue‐AAC). These compounds exert a major emission band corresponding to that of pyrene excimer and respond specifically to mercury with a markedly quenched fluorescence. The epimeric nature of the pyranoglycosyl scaffold is determined influential toward the selectivity of the sensors.
Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Tubulysin V
Authors: Wang Rui , Tian Ping , Lin Guoqiang 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe total synthesis of tubulysin V was accomplished in 1.0% overall yield with linear 13 steps. Our synthetic strategy featured the following two reactions. One is zinc‐mediated aza‐Barbier reaction of (R)‐N‐tert‐butanesulfinyl imine 8 with β‐ester group functionalized allylic bromide 9 to afford the chiral homo‐allylic amine (7); the other is to employ the methodology of aqueous indium‐mediated aza‐Barbier reaction previously developed by our group, giving the chiral homo‐allylic amine 13 with high efficiency.
Role of Nitrogen Oxides, Black Carbon, and Meteorological Parameters on the Variation of Surface Ozone Levels at a Tropical Urban Site – Hyderabad, India
Authors: Yerramsetti Venkata Swamy , Gauravarapu Navlur Nikhil , Rapolu Venkanna , Dhulipala N. S. K. Chitanya , Sinha Puna Ram , Srinavasan Shailaja , Anupoju Gangagni Rao 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn this study, temporal variations of surface ozone (O3) were investigated at tropical urban site of Hyderabad during the year 2009. O3, oxides of nitrogen (NOx = NO + NO2), black carbon (BC), and meteorological parameters were continuously monitored at the established air monitoring station. Results revealed the production of surface O3 from NO2 through photochemical oxidation. Averaged datasets illustrated the variations in ground‐level concentrations of these air pollutants along different time scales. Maximum mean concentrations of O3 (56.75 ppbv) and NOx (8.9 ppbv) were observed in summer. Diurnal‐seasonal changes in surface O3 and NOx concentrations were explicated with complex atmospheric chemistry, boundary layer dynamics, and local meteorology. In addition, nocturnal chemistry of NOx played a decisive role in the formation of O3 during day time. Mean BC mass concentration in winter (10.92 µg m−3) was high during morning hours. Heterogeneous chemistry of BC on O3 destruction and NOx formation was elucidated. Apart from these local observations, long‐range transport of trace gases and BC aerosols were evidenced from air mass back trajectories. Further, statistical modeling was performed to predict O3 using multi‐linear regression method, which resulted in 91% of the overall variance.
Response Surface Modeling of Cu(II) Removal from Electroplating Waste by Adsorption: Application of Box–Behnken Experimental Design
Authors: Turan Nurdan Gamze , Mesci Başak , Ozgonenel Okan 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe use of kaolinite‐based clay minerals as a low‐cost natural adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) from electroplating waste leachate was studied. Batch experiments were conducted to determine the effects of varying adsorbent loading, initial pH, adsorbent dosage, and contact time. Box–Behnken design with three variables like initial pH, adsorbent dosage, and contact time at three different levels was studied to identify a significant correlation between the effects of these variables to the amount of Cu(II) adsorbed. The methodology identifies the principal experimental variables, which have the greatest effect on the adsorption process. After optimizing the input variables by using Simplex algorithm, the adsorption of Cu(II) was maximal (99.9% with a maximum (positive) standard deviation of 9.4) at pH 6.24, adsorbent dosage of 0.83 g L−1, and contact time of 97 min, respectively. Furthermore, the experimental values are in good agreement with predicted values, the correlation coefficient and adjusted correlation coefficients were found to be 0.96 and 0.87, respectively.
Pesticides Removal by Filtration over Cactus Pear Leaves: A Cheap and Natural Method for Small‐Scale Water Purification in Semi‐Arid Regions
Authors: Gebrekidan Abraha , Nicolai Hannah , Vincken Liese , Teferi Mekone , Asmelash Tsehaye , Dejenie Tadesse , Zerabruk Samuel , Gebrehiwet Kindeya , Bauer Hans , Deckers Josef , Luis Patricia , De Meester Luc , van der Bruggen Bart 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis study aims to examine the efficiency of Opuntia ficus‐indica for removing organochlorine pesticides from surface waters. Adsorption properties such as size, dose, and time of O. ficus‐indica for aldrin, dieldrin, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) were studied through stirring and column methods. Because of their high affinity and swelling characteristics, dried O. ficus‐indica was studied in stirring while fresh unpeeled O. ficus‐indica was applied in both stirring and column experiments and proved to be well‐suited to column application. Before removing pesticides, the column was flashed with distilled water eliminate the turbidity and smell from fresh unpeeled cactus. The removal of pesticides increased with an increasing adsorbent dose and decreased with adsorbent particle sizes. The optimum adsorbent dose is 10 g for dried and 15 g for fresh unpeeled O. ficus‐indica. The experimental results show that O. ficus‐indica possesses strong adsorption ability for aldrin, dieldrin, and DDT, and the adsorption isotherm data obeyed the Freundlich model. The results of our small‐scale experiments suggest a strong potential to develop local small‐scale water treatment units that can be used at the level of individual households or local communities, using a widely available adsorbent.
18F‐Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for the detection of recurrent bone and soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Al‐Ibraheem Akram , Buck Andreas K. , Benz Matthias R. , Rudert Maximilian , Beer Ambros J. , Mansour Asem , Pomykala Kelsey L. , Haller Bernhard , Juenger Hendrik , Scheidhauer Klemens , Schwaiger Markus , Herrmann Ken 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:The clinical utility of modern hybrid imaging modalities for detecting recurrent bone or soft tissue sarcoma remains to be determined. In this report, the authors present a clinical study on the diagnostic accuracy and incremental value of integrated 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F‐FDG PET/CT) in patients with a history of sarcoma who have clinically suspected disease recurrence.METHODS:Forty‐three patients who had a history of bone or soft tissue sarcoma and had documented complete remission underwent 18F‐FDG PET/CT. Image analysis was performed independently for 18F‐FDG PET (n = 43) and for contrast‐enhanced spiral CT (CE‐CT) (n = 30) by 2 separate readers, whereas combined 18F‐FDG PET/CT (n = 43) images were analyzed in consensus by both readers. Imaging findings were rated on a 5‐point scale and finally were reported as malignant, benign, or equivocal. Imaging findings were validated either by histopathology (n = 24) or by clinical follow‐up (n = 19).RESULTS:18F‐FDG PET/CT had greater sensitivity and specificity compared with CE‐CT alone (94% and 92% vs 78% and 67%, respectively), resulting in significantly greater accuracy (93% vs 73%; P = .03). 18F‐FDG PET/CT was particularly superior regarding detection of local recurrence or soft tissue lesions (sensitivity and specificity: 83% and 100% vs 50% and 100%, respectively) or bone metastases (100% and 100% vs 85% and 88%, respectively).CONCLUSIONS:18F‐FDG PET/CT had greater diagnostic accuracy in the detection of recurrent bone or soft tissue sarcoma compared with CE‐CT alone. The detection of local recurrence was the most evident advantage of 18F‐FDG PET/CT over CE‐CT. Cancer 2013. © 2012 American Cancer Society.