bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a Virtual Patient in an Advanced Assessment Course
Authors: Kelley Carol G. 
Published: February 2015

Background:
A virtual patient, Digital Clinical Experience (DCE), was incorporated into an advanced assessment course.

Method:
Students conducted systems-based physical examinations on the DCE, documenting findings using a standard history format and physical examination skills checklists. Faculty reviewed transcripts generated from the students’ history and physical examination to evaluate the logical order and progression of the examination.

Results:
The nine DCE modules were included as half of the 2-hour weekly laboratory requirement and counted as 17.5% of the course grade. Faculty customized specific components of individual modules, including instructions to students and model documentation, to align with course objectives and faculty preferences. DCE use permitted faculty to provide structured student practice and evaluate essential advanced assessment skills that have not been previously assessed for individual students due to excessive time and cost.

Conclusion:

The potential impact of integrating a virtual patient on students’ history taking and physical examination skills in their clinical courses should be explored. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2015;54(4):228–231.]
Differential Roles for Bim and Nur77 in Thymocyte Clonal Deletion Induced by Ubiquitous Self-Antigen
Authors: Hu Qian Nancy , Baldwin Troy A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Negative selection, primarily mediated through clonal deletion of self-reactive thymocytes, is critical for establishing self-tolerance and preventing autoimmunity. Recent studies suggest that the molecular mechanisms of negative selection differ depending on the thymic compartment and developmental stage at which thymocytes are deleted. Using the physiological HYcd4 TCR transgenic model of negative selection against ubiquitous self-antigen, we previously found that one of the principal mediators implicated in clonal deletion, Bim, is required for caspase-3 activation but is ultimately dispensable for negative selection. On the basis of these data, we hypothesized that Nur77, another molecule thought to be a key mediator of clonal deletion, could be responsible for Bim-independent deletion. Despite comparable Nur77 induction in thymocytes during negative selection, Bim deficiency resulted in an accumulation of high-affinity–signaled thymocytes as well as impairment in caspase-mediated and caspase-independent cell death. Although these data suggested that Bim may be required for Nur77-mediated cell death, we found that transgenic Nur77 expression was sufficient to induce apoptosis independently of Bim. However, transgenic Nur77-induced apoptosis was significantly inhibited in the context of TCR signaling, suggesting that endogenous Nur77 could be similarly regulated during negative selection. Although Nur77 deficiency alone did not alter positive or negative selection, combined deficiency in Bim and Nur77 impaired clonal deletion efficiency and significantly increased positive selection efficiency. Collectively, these data shed light on the different roles for Bim and Nur77 during ubiquitous Ag-mediated clonal deletion and highlight potential differences from their reported roles in tissue-restricted Ag-mediated clonal deletion.
High-Throughput Analytical Techniques for Multiresidue, Multiclass Determination of 653 Pesticides and Chemical Pollutants in Tea–Part IV: Evaluation of the Ruggedness of the Method, Error Analysis, and Key Control Points of the Method
Authors: Fan Chun-Lin , Li Yan , Chang Qiao-Ying , Pang Guo-Fang , Kang Jian , Cao Jing , Zhao Yan-Bing , Li Nan , Li Zeng-Yin 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A 3 month study was conducted on the ruggedness of a multiresidue method for accuracy and stability. The results indicate that in terms of Youden pair ratios of 201 pesticide aged tea samples falling approximately within 1.00–1.20 of the ratio of theoretical spraying concentrations, the differences donot exceed 5% for percentages made up by ratios of the fixed values obtained by two kinds of instrumentsfor two teas and those made up by 18 circular determinations. However, regarding two kinds of SPE cartridges, the Cleanert TPT cartridgeis higher than the ENVI-CARB + primary secondary amine (PSA) cartridge by 10%. Pertaining to RSD values of “parallelsamples” and whether it is green tea or Woolong tea, the percentages of RSD ≤15% values ofthe parallel samples all exceed 88%. Whether it isthefirst or circular determination for two teas andanalytical results from two kinds of instruments, the percentages of RSD ≤15% values have a difference of less than 6%, while the TPT cartridge is betterthan ENVI-CARB + PSA by above 6% for the two cartridges. Concerning RSDs of Youden pair ratios, RSD ≤15% values have a proportion exceeding 85% for both green tea and Woolong tea, and the percentageis greater than 87% whether it is for two kinds of SPE cartridges or two kinds of instruments. In terms of Youden pair ratios and the classified statisticalanalysis of the ruggedness data of parallel samples,theproportion of RSD ≤15% values of Youden pair ratios is 8% higher for the TPT cartridge than the ENVI-CARB + PSA cartridge; the proportion of RSD ≤15% values of parallel samples is 6.2% higher for the TPT cartridge than the ENVI-CARB + PSA cartridge. Data show no marked differences for two teas and two kinds of instruments. A comparison of the aforementioned aspects finds that good ruggedness was obtained with both SPE cleanup methods, and the results from the TPT cartridge are better than those from the ENVI-CARB + PSA cartridge.
Separation and Preconcentration of Sudan Blue II Using Membrane Filtration and UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Determination in River Water and Industrial Wastewater Samples
Authors: Unsal Yunus Emre , Tuzen Mustafa , Soylak Mustafa 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A new separation and preconcentration method based on adsorption on a cellulose acetate membrane filter and elution with ethanol was established for the UV-Vis spectrophotometric determination of Sudan blue II. Various analytical parameters such as pH of working media, flow rates of solutions, and sample volumes were optimized. Matrix effects of concomitants were investigated for the quantitative recovery values of Sudan blue II. The preconcentration factor was200. LOD was calculated as 0.96 μg/L. RSD was5.1%. The optimized procedure was applied to the spectrophotometric determination of Sudan blue II in river and industrial wastewater samples from oil and dye products.
From an Activist’ s Point of View: Experiencing Transnational Dynamics among African Migrant Communities in the UK
Authors: Ajibade Ijeoma 
Published: February 2015

This essay provides a practical illustration of how transnational dynamics are taking place within African migrant communities in the UK. It discusses the work of three community organisations from the perspective of a religious leader who also considers herself to be an activist. It explores her thoughts on the kinds of dynamics that she has witnessed within her community work. In this way the chapter provides a perspective of UK/African transnational dynamics which is rooted in practical experience. It shows the ways in which myths and prejudice about sexuality and HIV can be challenged at community level by allowing migrant communities to take the lead in addressing these issues within their communities. Through this process individuals are able to negotiate both their sexuality and HIV in a way that takes account of their conservative cultures. This process of learning and change is not limited to the specific communities involved, but has an impact on the host country through the public policy process.
Traduction (en)volée ? La traduction américaine de Journal du voleur de Jean Genet
Authors: Uvsløkk Geir 
Published: February 2015

Dans cet article, je rends compte de l’histoire de la publication de la traduction américaine de Journal du voleur de Jean Genet et je commente quelques différences entre l’édition qui a servi de base pour cette traduction (l’édition Skira) et l’édition qui est actuellement en vente en France (l’édition Gallimard). La première traduction en anglais de Journal du voleur (traduit par Bernard Frechtman) fut publiée à Paris, chez Olympia Press, en 1954. Sur la quatrième de couverture se trouvait la notice suivante : « Ne peut être vendu aux États-Unis, ni au Royaume-Uni. » Dix ans plus tard, en 1964, The Thief’s Journal parut cependant aux États-Unis, chez Grove Press. Si l’on regarde les péritextes de ces deux éditions anglophones, il semble s’agir de deux textes différents : le premier est traduit d’après la première édition publiée de Journal du voleur en France, l’édition Skira, tandis que le deuxième se baserait, selon la notice de droits d’auteur, sur l’édition Gallimard, qui a été remaniée par Genet. En réalité, il n’en est rien : la traduction publiée chez Grove Press est identique à celle publiée chez Olympia Press. L’histoire de la publication de Journal du voleur en anglais soulève plusieurs questions auxquelles je propose ici des réponses : pourquoi l’édition Olympia ne pouvait-elle être vendue aux États-Unis ? Pourquoi l’édition Skira n’est-elle pas mentionnée comme source pour l’édition Grove ? Et quelles sont les différences entre les deux éditions françaises ? S’ajoute à ces questions un événement curieux, dont je rends également compte : en 1965, le texte de l’édition Olympia est republié aux États-Unis chez Greenleaf Publishing company, qui est rapidement poursuivi en justice par Grove Press, Gallimard, Frechtman et Genet. Et pour une fois, Genet ne se trouve pas sur le banc des accusés, mais parmi les plaignants.
« Blesser » le spectateur blanc américain : Les Nègres aux États-Unis, 1961-1964 et 20031
Authors: Amin Kadji 
Published: February 2015

Cette étude propose de revenir sur la représentation aux États-Unis des Nègres, pièce anti-impérialiste de Jean Genet, à deux moments historiques très différents : les années 1960, marquées par le mouvement noir américain des droits civiques, et les années 2000, « post-raciales » selon certains. Elle s’attache à évaluer la synergie de la pièce avec son contexte racialisé de performance à chacun de ces deux moments historiques. En m’appuyant sur une lecture de sa préface de 1956-1957, restée longtemps inédite, je soutiens que, paradoxalement, c’est la représentation de la pièce en 2003 par le Harlem Classical Theatre qui joue le plus habilement sur son contexte social afin d’atteindre l’objectif de Genet de « blesser » le spectateur blanc. Il semble en effet que si Les Nègres n’a pas su atteindre le spectateur blanc new-yorkais des années 1960 autant que Genet l’aurait souhaité, c’est parce qu’alors le mouvement des droits civiques mettait justement sous le feu des projecteurs la violence de la suprématie blanche et l’injustice de l’inégalité raciale aux États-Unis. Au contraire, en 2003, la mise en scène de Christopher McElroen est parvenue à jouer sur de surprenants échos entre le Paris de la fin de l’époque impérialiste et les États-Unis prétendument « post-raciaux » de la première décennie du xxie siècle et, ainsi, à perpétrer l’agression symbolique à laquelle Genet vouait sa pièce.
André Brassard ou la communauté des Paravents
Authors: Jubinville Yves 
Published: February 2015

Cet article se propose d’examiner, en prenant appui sur un document déposé dans le fonds d’archives André Brassard à Bibliothèque et Archives Canada, les enjeux artistiques, culturels, idéologiques et historiques de la production des Paravents présentée à Ottawa et à Montréal en 1987. Le journal de bord de cette production, rédigé par l’assistante de Brassard, Claire Faubert, révèle en effet le fonctionnement quotidien d’une troupe et son travail d’interprétation sur un texte, celui de Jean Genet, mais également les articulations de ce travail avec les modes de production en vigueur dans le milieu du théâtre québécois de cette époque. Partant de la « conscience collective » du metteur en scène et de sa troupe de se trouver à un moment charnière de la vie théâtrale québécoise, nous souhaitons faire émerger la signification historique de cet événement théâtral.
Une tragédie possible : Corinne, ou l’Italie et Roméo et
Juliette
Authors: Harriman-Smith James 
Published: February 2015

Le jeu de Corinne dans le rôle de Juliette constitue un épisode important dans le
développement du roman de Germaine de Staël. La présentation de la pièce de Shakespeare
souligne le caractère italien, l’intimité et le rôle du destin dans la pièce, trois thèmes
qui sont repris tout au long de l’oeuvre et à l’aune desquels il est possible de mesurer le
déclin du rapport entre Corinne et Oswald ainsi que celui d’un esprit italien. À la fin du
roman, les deux portraits du Prince Castel-Forte, montrant Corinne lors de la représentation
de Roméo et Juliette à côté de son état actuel, invitent à cette lecture
rétrospective du roman ; en revanche, l’intertexte shakespearien est devenu ici un moyen
d’exprimer la détresse de l’héroïne et ne suffit pas à la compréhension des événements de
l’histoire. Corinne, ou l’Italie s’intéresse surtout aux limites du travail
artistique, que ce soit celui de Shakespeare ou de l’héroïne elle-même.
Dynamic perennial firn aquifer on an Arctic glacier
Authors: Christianson Knut , Kohler Jack , Alley Richard B. , Nuth Christopher , van Pelt Ward J. J. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIce‐penetrating radar and GPS observations reveal a perennial firn aquifer (PFA) on a Svalbard ice field, similar to those recently discovered in southeastern Greenland. A bright, widespread radar reflector separates relatively dry and water‐saturated firn. This surface, the phreatic firn water table, is deeper beneath local surface elevation maxima, shallower in surface lows, and steeper where the surface is steep. The reflector crosscuts snow stratigraphy; we use the apparent deflection of accumulation layers due to the higher dielectric permittivity below the water table to infer that the firn pore space becomes progressively more saturated as depth increases. Our observations indicate that PFAs respond rapidly (subannually) to surface forcing, and are capable of providing significant input to the englacial hydrology system.
Geomagnetically conjugate observation of plasma bubbles and thermospheric neutral winds at low latitudes
Authors: Fukushima D. , Shiokawa K. , Otsuka Y. , Nishioka M. , Kubota M. , Tsugawa T. , Nagatsuma T. , Komonjinda S. , Yatini C. Y. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis is the first paper that reports simultaneous observations of zonal drift of plasma bubbles and the thermospheric neutral winds at geomagnetically conjugate points in both hemispheres. The plasma bubbles were observed in the 630 nm nighttime airglow images taken by using highly sensitive all‐sky airglow imagers at Kototabang, Indonesia (geomagnetic latitude (MLAT): 10.0°S), and Chiang Mai, Thailand (MLAT: 8.9°N), which are nearly geomagnetically conjugate stations, for 7 h from 13 to 20 UT (from 20 to 03 LT) on 5 April 2011. The bubbles continuously propagated eastward with velocities of 100–125 m/s. The 630 nm images at Chiang Mai and those mapped to the conjugate point of Kototabang fit very well, which indicates that the observed plasma bubbles were geomagnetically connected. The eastward thermospheric neutral winds measured by two Fabry‐Perot interferometers were 70–130 m/s at Kototabang and 50–90 m/s at Chiang Mai. We compared the observed plasma bubble drift velocity with the velocity calculated from the observed neutral winds and the model conductivity, to investigate the F region dynamo contribution to the bubble drift velocity. The estimated drift velocities were 60–90% of the observed velocities of the plasma bubbles, suggesting that most of the plasma bubble velocity can be explained by the F region dynamo effect.
Westward shift of western North Pacific tropical cyclogenesis
Authors: Wu Liguang , Wang Chao , Wang Bin 
Published: February 2015

AbstractTropical cyclones (TCs) in the western North Pacific or typhoons account for one third of all TCs in the world and the change of the mean TC genesis location can affect billions of people in Pacific islands and Asian countries. The annual mean TC genesis longitude is generally controlled by the east‐west shift of the tropical upper tropospheric trough (TUTT). A pronounced westward shift in the TUTT is found in all of the available reanalysis data sets during 1979–2012, suppressing TC genesis in the eastern portion (east of 145°E) of the western North Pacific basin due to the enhanced vertical wind shear associated with the TUTT shift. As a result, the annual mean TC genesis longitude has significantly shifted westward since 1979. The westward shifting trends in the TUTT and TC genesis are associated with the enhanced tropical tropospheric warming, which is consistent with the response of the tropospheric temperature to global warming.
Trends in worker hearing loss by industry sector, 1981–2010
Authors: Masterson Elizabeth A. , Deddens James A. , Themann Christa L. , Bertke Stephen , Calvert Geoffrey M. 
Published: February 2015

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence and prevalence of hearing loss for noise‐exposed U.S. workers by industry sector and 5‐year time period, covering 30 years.MethodsAudiograms for 1.8 million workers from 1981–2010 were examined. Incidence and prevalence were estimated by industry sector and time period. The adjusted risk of incident hearing loss within each time period and industry sector as compared with a reference time period was also estimated.ResultsThe adjusted risk for incident hearing loss decreased over time when all industry sectors were combined. However, the risk remained high for workers in Healthcare and Social Assistance, and the prevalence was consistently high for Mining and Construction workers.ConclusionsWhile progress has been made in reducing the risk of incident hearing loss within most industry sectors, additional efforts are needed within Mining, Construction and Healthcare and Social Assistance. Am. J. Ind. Med. 58:392–401, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hidden unilateral aplasia of the frontal sinus: a radioanatomic study
Authors: Gotlib Tomasz , Kuźmińska Magdalena , Held‐Ziółkowska Marta , Osuch‐Wójcikiewicz Ewa , Niemczyk Kazimierz 
Published: February 2015

BackgroundHidden unilateral frontal sinus aplasia is the absence of 1 frontal sinus with increased pneumatization of contralateral sinus toward the aplastic side. It may give the false impression of the presence of 2 separate frontal sinuses, creating potential for complications during the surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and morphology of this anatomical variation using multiplanar reconstruction of computed tomography (CT) results.MethodsA total of 305 CT examinations were analyzed. Hidden unilateral frontal sinus aplasia was defined as lack of pneumatization of 1 frontal sinus beyond the level of the orbital roof, with increased pneumatization of the contralateral sinus, extending to the sagittal plane, crossing the lamina papyracea on the side of the aplastic sinus.ResultsEleven patients (3.6%) with hidden unilateral frontal sinus aplasia were identified, 5 on the left and 6 on the right side, in 5 female and 6 male patients. Twenty‐four (7.8%) patients with “regular” frontal sinus aplasia (without hyperplastic contralateral frontal sinus) were found, 4 with bilateral aplasia and 20 with unilateral aplasia.ConclusionHidden unilateral aplasia of the frontal sinus is a relatively uncommon anatomical variation. Its presence should be considered during routine preoperative CT evaluation because it poses the risk of intraoperative complications.
Identification of chronic rhinosinusitis phenotypes using cluster analysis
Authors: Soler Zachary M. , Hyer J. Madison , Ramakrishnan Viswanathan , Smith Timothy L. , Mace Jess , Rudmik Luke , Schlosser Rodney J. 
Published: February 2015

BackgroundCurrent clinical classifications of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) have been largely defined based upon preconceived notions of factors thought to be important, such as polyp or eosinophil status. Unfortunately, these classification systems have little correlation with symptom severity or treatment outcomes. Unsupervised clustering can be used to identify phenotypic subgroups of CRS patients, describe clinical differences in these clusters and define simple algorithms for classification.MethodsA multi‐institutional, prospective study of 382 patients with CRS who had failed initial medical therapy completed the Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22), Rhinosinusitis Disability Index (RSDI), Medical Outcomes Study Short Form‐12 (SF‐12), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐2). Objective measures of CRS severity included Brief Smell Identification Test (B‐SIT), CT, and endoscopy scoring. All variables were reduced and unsupervised hierarchical clustering was performed. After clusters were defined, variations in medication usage were analyzed. Discriminant analysis was performed to develop a simplified, clinically useful algorithm for clustering.ResultsClustering was largely determined by age, severity of patient reported outcome measures, depression, and fibromyalgia. CT and endoscopy varied somewhat among clusters. Traditional clinical measures, including polyp/atopic status, prior surgery, B‐SIT and asthma, did not vary among clusters. A simplified algorithm based upon productivity loss, SNOT‐22 score, and age predicted clustering with 89% accuracy. Medication usage among clusters did vary significantly.ConclusionA simplified algorithm based upon hierarchical clustering is able to classify CRS patients and predict medication usage. Further studies are warranted to determine if such clustering predicts treatment outcomes.
Changes in pre‐ and in‐hospital management and outcomes for out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest between 2002 and 2012 in Kanto, Japan: the SOS‐KANTO 2012 Study
Authors:   SOS‐KANTO 2012 Study Group
Published: February 2015

AimThe current study compares pre‐ and in‐hospital management and outcomes of out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest cases between 2002 and 2012 in the Kanto region of Japan.MethodsWe compared the data collected for the SOS‐KANTO study project in 2002 and 2012. We included adult patients (aged >18 years) who experienced bystander‐witnessed out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest of cardiac etiology. The outcomes were as follows: proportion of favorable neurological outcomes at 1 month, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation provision, and pre‐ and postresuscitation treatment administration.ResultsOf 4,171 patients (1,982 in SOS‐KANTO in 2002 and 2,189 in 2012), the proportion of those with favorable neurological outcomes at 1 month (4.8% versus 9.0%, P < 0.001), and bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rates increased significantly between 2002 and 2012 (24.5% versus 38.9%, P < 0.001). Although none were documented in 2002, 118 cases (5.4%) of layperson use of an automated external defibrillator were recorded in 2012. Relative to 2002, use of an i.v. line to provide fluid was more frequently attempted and carried out successfully by emergency medical service providers in 2012. Among cases in which return of spontaneous circulation was achieved, more postresuscitation treatment was provided in 2012 (13.3% versus 43.8%, P < 0.001) relative to that provided in 2002.ConclusionsProportions of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, layperson use of automated external defibrillator, provision of prehospital adrenaline and postresuscitation treatment, and favorable neurological outcomes at 1 month increased significantly over 10 years in the Kanto region of Japan.