bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning the Inter‐Metal Interaction between Ni and Fe Atoms in Dual‐Atom Catalysts to Boost CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Chen Yang , Zhao Jia , Pan Xiaoli , Li Lin , Yu Zhounan , Wang Xiaodong , Ma Tianyi , Lin Sen , Lin Jian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDual‐atom catalysts (DACs) are promising for applications in electrochemical CO2 reduction due to the enhanced flexibility of the catalytic sites and the synergistic effect between dual atoms. However, precisely controlling the atomic distance and identifying the dual‐atom configuration of DACs to optimize the catalytic performance remains a challenge. Here, the Ni and Fe atomic pairs were constructed on nitrogen‐doped carbon support in three different configurations: NiFe‐isolate, NiFe‐N bridge, and NiFe‐bonding. It was found that the NiFe‐N bridge catalyst with NiN4 and FeN4 sharing two N atoms exhibited superior CO2 reduction activity and promising stability when compared to the NiFe‐isolate and NiFe‐bonding catalysts. A series of characterizations and density functional theory calculations suggested that the N‐bridged NiFe sites with an appropriate distance between Ni and Fe atoms can exert a more pronounced synergy. It not only regulated the suitable adsorption strength for the *COOH intermediate but also promoted the desorption of *CO, thus accelerating the CO2 electroreduction to CO. This work provides an important implication for the enhancement of catalysis by the tailoring of the coordination structure of DACs, with the identification of distance effect between neighboring dual atoms.
A Deep‐Red Emissive Sulfur‐Doped Double [7]Helicene Photosensitizer: Synthesis, Structure and Chiral Optical Properties
Authors: Yang Wen‐Wen , Ren Zi‐Heng , Feng Jiao , Lv Zhi‐Bang , Cheng Xingwen , Zhang Jianming , Du Daolin , Chi Chunyan , Shen Jun‐Jian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDoping of polycyclic conjugated hydrocarbons (PCHs) with sulfur atoms is becoming more and more important as a means of creating unique functional materials. Recently, thiophene‐containing multiple helicenes have garnered enormous attention due to their intriguing electronic and (chir)optical properties compared with carbohelicenes. However, the efficient synthesis of thiopyran‐containing multiple helicenes and the underlying sulfur doping mechanisms are rather unexplored. Herein, the synthesis and structural analysis of a thiopyran‐containing double [7]helicene 3 are reported. X‐ray crystallographic analysis reveals 3 and its dication with C2‐symmetric propeller‐shape structures and compact interactions in the solid state. 3 exhibits deep‐red to near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescence emission. Tunable aromaticity of the central benzene ring and thiopyran rings is found by chemical oxidation, which is further confirmed by nucleus‐independent chemical shift (NICS), anisotropy of the induced current density (ACID) and harmonic oscillator model of aromaticity (HOMA) analysis. Furthermore, the chiral and photosensitizing characters of 3 are investigated. The excellent deep‐red to NIR fluorescence, circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) and photosensitizing activities suggest that 3 can be used as an outstanding photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and bioimaging, especially paving the way for future CPL‐PDT and CPL‐bio‐probe applications.
Semi‐aromatic poly(m‐xylylene adipamide‐co‐isophthalamide) copolyamides (MXD6/I): Effect of isophthalic acid on the thermal, crystallization, mechanical, and barrier properties
Authors: Guo Chaoyi , Jiang Jie , Zhu Zhihua , Li Jinjin , Zhao Ling , Xi Zhenhao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSemi‐aromatic nylon MXD6 shows superior mechanical strength and gas barrier properties. To improve its toughness and get sight into its excellent properties, a series of poly(m‐xylylene adipamide‐co‐isophthalamide) (MXD6/I) random copolyamides were synthesized using adipic acid, isophthalic acid (IPA) and m‐xylylene diamine as monomers via direct melt polycondensation. The effect of IPA content on the thermal, crystallization, heat resistant, mechanical, and barrier properties of the copolyamides were systematically investigated. The results showed that the increase of IPA content from 0 to 12 mol% resulted in a decrease in the melting point of the copolyamides from 238 to 217°C but the glass transition temperature (Tg) increased from 88 to 105°C. Correspondingly, the Vicat softening temperature decreased from 199.2 to 172.5°C. The crystallization rate of the copolyamides significantly decreased with the increase of the IPA content. The copolyamides had improved elongation and rupture energy and decent oxygen barrier properties with the introduction of IPA. It is expected that this study would guide design of MXD6 macromolecular chain structure to prepare high‐performance MXD6 materials.
Analysis of the limitations of organic powder for high‐temperature reprocessing of printed PLA parts
Authors: Santana Leonardo , Machado João F. F. , Barra Guilherme M. O. , Alves Jorge Lino 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFused filament fabrication (FFF) is the most predominant additive manufacturing technology, not only in the industry but also for many hobbyists. This technology's popularity is because it is inexpensive, user‐friendly, and open source. However, compared to other manufacturing processes, like injection molding, FFF products still have some limitations, particularly mechanical properties. Despite this, some post‐processing techniques have been developed to improve such properties. One of these techniques involves applying heat treatments (HT). The objective of these HTs is to densify these FFF products and increase the crystallization degree of the semi‐crystalline polylactic acid (PLA). This kind of post‐processing is claimed to be a viable way to improve mechanical properties. The reprocessing in a powder bed is a type of HT which prevents thermal distortion by using a powder as a mold for the FFF component. The powder should be low cost and have easy access for any user. In this work, this HT was performed in flexural samples with an organic powder (corn flour) and it has improved maximum flexural strength (MFS) and flexural modulus (FM) by 18% and 14%, respectively. The color of parts, before and after HT, was also measured and a slight modification of the response was observed due to the HT. Despite the gains in mechanical properties, it was verified that corn flour produces a considerable amount of smoke during this HT. Thus, it was performed a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in three types of powders, namely corn flour, coffee powder, and corn starch. It was concluded that starch is the best one, however considering that all three organic powders release smoke, it is advisable not to use them for HT.
Growth and longevity of two imperilled mussel species from the Edwards Plateau of Central Texas and its implications for freshwater mussel conservation and management
Authors: de Moulpied Michael , Robertson Clinton R. , Smith Ryan , Johnson Matthew , Wootten Adrienne M. , Martin Elinor , Lopez Roel , Randklev Charles R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Life history information such as growth and longevity have been useful for understanding evolutionary relationships and predicting species responses to management and habitat alteration for aquatic species. For unionid mussels, which are globally imperilled, life history information remains unknown for a majority of unionid mussels and because of this has not been broadly used to guide mussel conservation efforts.
To address this knowledge gap, growth and longevity were estimated for Cyclonaias petrina, Texas pimpleback, and Lampsilis bracteata, Texas fatmucket, using thin‐sectioning and validated using cross‐dating. Both species are proposed for listing under the US Endangered Species Act.
Growth and longevity estimates differed between C. petrina (K = 0.065, 0.086, 0.101; L∞ = 55.03, 76.44, 94.43) and L. bracteata (K = 0.187, 0.208; L∞ = 61.40, 61.52), and growth for L. bracteata correlated to annual flow indices. Cross‐dating revealed high interseries correlations (R = 0.400–0.573), indicating estimates can be viewed with some certainty.
Growth and longevity estimates indicate C. petrina is positioned near the K endpoint and L. bracteata near the r endpoint along the r/K life history continuum. This suggests C. petrina should be favoured in stable habitats where disturbance is minimal, whereas L. bracteata is expected to tolerate habitats with frequent and likely stochastic patterns of disturbance.
Knowledge of growth and longevity along with life history position provides a qualitative basis to help scientists and practitioners better anticipate how species will respond to environmental change and management actions. Given the conservation status of C. petrina and L. bracteata the life history findings from this study are timely and should be useful in their conservation.
A promising eco‐friendly and cost‐effective photocatalytic rolled graphene oxide/poly(m‐methylaniline) core–shell nanocomposite for antimicrobial action
Authors: Mahmoud Ahmed M. , Alghuthaymi Mousa Abdullah , Shaban Mohamed , Rabia Mohamed 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA new and innovative rolled graphene oxide (roll‐GO)/poly‐m‐methylaniline (PmMA) core–shell nanocomposite has been successfully synthesized using an in situ polymerization technique. This eco‐friendly and cost‐effective material shows great promise due to its antimicrobial properties. The characterization of the nanocomposite involved X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to analyze its structure and functional groups, whereas scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to examine its morphology. TEM analysis revealed the formation of roll‐GO, forming multi‐walled tubes with inner and outer diameters of 50 and 70 nm, respectively. Optical analysis demonstrated an enhanced bandgap in the nanocomposite, with bandgap values of 2.38 eV for PmMA, 2.67 eV for roll‐GO, and 1.65 eV for roll‐GO/PmMA. The antibacterial efficacy of the nanocomposite was tested against Gram‐positive bacteria, including Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as Gram‐negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. The well diffusion method was used to determine the inhibition zones, revealing that the nanocomposite demonstrated broad‐spectrum antibacterial activity against all the pathogens tested. The largest inhibition zones were observed for B. subtilis, followed by S. aureus, E. coli, and Salmonella sp. Notably, the inhibition zones increased when the samples were exposed to light compared to dark conditions, with increases of 33 and 18 mm noted for B. subtilis. This enhanced activity under light exposure is attributed to the photocatalytic properties of the nanocomposite. The antibacterial mechanism is based on both adsorption and degradation processes. Moreover, antibacterial activity was found to increase with increasing concentrations of nanoparticles, ranging from 100 to 500 ppm. This suggests that the nanocomposite has potential as an alternative to antibiotics, especially considering the growing issue of bacterial resistance. The promising results obtained from the inhibition zones make these nanocomposites suitable for various applications. Currently, the research team is working on the development of a prototype utilizing these antimicrobial particles within commercial bottles for sterilization purposes in factories and companies.
An ultrasensitive green synchronous factorized spectrofluorimetric approach for the simultaneous determination of Favipiravir and Molnupiravir: Application to pharmaceutical, environmental, and biological matrices
Authors: ElSherbiny Menna S. , Eid Sherif M. , Kelani Khadiga M. , Abdel Ghany Maha F. , El‐Olemy Ahmed , Hasan Mohamed A. , Abbas Mahmoud M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDuring the pandemic, Favipiravir (FVP) and Molnupiravir (MPV) have been widely used for COVID‐19 treatment, leading to their presence in the environment. A green synchronous spectrofluorimetric method was developed to simultaneously detect them in environmental water, human plasma, and binary mixtures. Maximum fluorescence intensity was achieved at pH 8, with MPV exhibiting two peaks at 300 and 430 nm, and FVP showing one peak at 430 nm. A fluorescence subtraction method effectively removed interference, enabling direct determination of MPV at 300 nm and FVP at 430 nm. The method showed linearity within 2–13 ng/mL for FVP and 50–600 ng/mL for MPV, with recoveries of 100.35% and 100.12%, respectively. Limits of detection and quantification were 0.19 and 0.57 ng/mL for FVP and 10.52 and 31.88 ng/mL for MPV. Validation according to ICH and FDA guidelines yielded acceptable results. The method demonstrated good recoveries of FVP and MPV in pharmaceuticals, tap water and Nile water (99.62% ± 0.96% and 99.69% ± 0.64%) as per ICH guidelines and spiked human plasma (94.87% ± 2.111% and 94.79% ± 1.605%) following FDA guidelines, respectively. Its environmental friendliness was assessed using Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) and the Analytical Greenness Metric (AGREE) tools.
Engineering a versatile yeast platform for sesquiterpene production from glucose or methanol
Authors: Gao Linhui , Zhang Kun , Shen Yiwei , Cai Peng , Zhou Yongjin J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNatural sesquiterpene are valuable compounds with diverse applications in industries, such as cosmetics and energy. Microbial synthesis offers a promising way for sesquiterpene production. Methanol, can be synthesized from CO2 and solar energy, serves as a sustainable carbon source. However, it is still a challenge to utilize methanol for the synthesis of value‐added compounds. Pichia pastoris (syn. Komagataella phaffii), known for its efficient utilization of glucose and methanol, has been widely used in protein synthesis. With advancements in technology, P. pastoris is gradually engineered for chemicals production. Here, we successfully achieved the synthesis of α‐bisabolene in P. pastoris with dual carbon sources by expressing the α‐bisabolene synthase gene under constitutive promoters. We systematically analyzed the effects of different steps in the mevalonate (MVA) pathway when methanol or glucose was used as the carbon source. Our finding revealed that the sesquiterpene synthase module significantly increased the production when methanol was used. While the metabolic modules MK and PMK greatly improved carbon source utilization, cell growth, and titer when glucose was used. Additionally, we demonstrated the synthesis of β‐farnesene from dual carbon source by replacing the α‐bisabolene synthase with a β‐farnesene synthase. This study establishes a platform strain that is capable to synthesize sesquiterpene from different carbon sources in P. pastoris. Moreover, it paves the way for the development of P. pastoris as a high‐efficiency microbial cell factory for producing various chemicals, and lays foundation for large‐scale synthesis of high value‐added chemicals efficiently from methanol in P. pastoris.
3D‐printed titanium scaffolds loaded with gelatin hydrogel containing strontium‐doped silver nanoparticles promote osteoblast differentiation and antibacterial activity for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Anushikaa Ramprasad , Ganesh S. Shree , Victoria Venkadesan Sri Swetha , Shanmugavadivu Abinaya , Lavanya Krishnaraj , Lekhavadhani Sundaravadhanan , Selvamurugan Nagarajan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBone tissue engineering offers a promising alternative to stimulate the regeneration of damaged tissue, overcoming the limitations of conventional autografts and allografts. Recently, titanium alloy (Ti) implants have garnered significant attention for treating critical‐sized bone defects, especially with the advancement of 3D printing technology. Although Ti alloys have impressive versatility, their lack of cellular adhesion, osteogenic and antibacterial properties are significant factors that contribute to their failure. Hence, to overcome these obstacles, this study aimed to incorporate osteoinductive and antibacterial cue‐loaded hydrogels into 3D‐printed Ti (3D‐Ti) scaffolds. 3D‐Ti scaffolds were synthesized using the direct metal laser sintering method and loaded with a gelatin (Gel) hydrogel containing strontium‐doped silver nanoparticles (Sr‐Ag NPs). Compared with Ag NPs, Sr‐doped Ag NPs increased the expression of Runx2 mRNA, which is a key bone transcription factor. We subjected the bioactive 3D‐hybrid scaffolds (3D‐Ti/Gel/Sr‐Ag NPs) to physicochemical and material characterization, followed by cytocompatibility and osteogenic evaluation. The microporous and macroporous topographies of the scaffolds with Sr‐Ag NPs showed increased Runx2 expression and matrix mineralization, with potent antibacterial properties. Therefore, the 3D‐Ti scaffolds incorporated with Sr‐Ag NP‐loaded Gel hydrogels favored osteoblast differentiation and antibacterial activity, indicating their potential for orthopedic applications.
An Insight of Plant Source, Toxicological Profile, and Pharmacological Activities of Iridoid Loganic Acid: A ComprehensiveReview
Authors: Aktar Asma , Bhuia Shimul , Chowdhury Raihan , Ferdous Jannatul , Khatun Muslima , Hasan Sakib Al , Mia Emon , Hasan Rubel , Islam Muhammad Torequl 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study evaluates the pharmacological effects of iridoid glucoside loganic acid, a plant constituent with diverse properties, based on literature, and explores the underlying cellular mechanisms for treating several ailments. Data were collected from reliable electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, etc. The results demonstrated the anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidant, and other protective effects of loganic acid on metabolic diseases and disorders such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and obesity, in addition to its osteoprotective and anticancer properties. The antioxidant activity of loganic acid demonstrates its capacity to protect cells from oxidative damage and mitigates inflammation by reducing the activity of inflammatory cytokines involving TNF‐α and IL‐6, substantially upregulating the expression of PPAR‐γ/α, and decreasing the clinical signs of inflammation‐related conditions related to hypertriglyceridemia and atherosclerosis. Meanwhile, loganic acid inhibits bone loss, exhibits osteoprotective properties by increasing mRNA expression levels of bone synthesizing genes such as Alpl, Bglap, and Sp7, and significantly increases osteoblastic proliferation in preosteoblast cells. Loganic acid is an anti‐metastatic drug that reduces MnSOD expression, inhibits EMT and metastasis, and prevents cellular migration, proliferation, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. However, additional clinical trials are required to assess its safety, efficacy, and human dose.
18FDG PET/CT imaging of adenovirus‐associated acute interstitial nephritis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation
Authors: Jadot G. , Poire X. , Lhommel R. , Dachy G. 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageAdenovirus‐associated acute interstitial nephritis (AAIN) should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute kidney failure following allogeneic bone marrow transplant. Although not intended for the definitive diagnosis of AAIN, 18FDG PET/CT can be a helpful noninvasive diagnostic tool, especially when a biopsy is not feasible.
Pyroglutamic acidosis in the setting of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia treated with flucloxacillin—An uncommon cause of high anion gap metabolic acidosis
Authors: See Aaron Yee Shuen , Lau Ashton Zheng‐Boon , Thiruvengadam Srivathsan 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessagePyroglutamic acidosis (PGA) or 5‐Oxoprolinuria is an uncommon and often overlooked cause of high anion gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA). This case highlights the importance of systematically approaching HAGMA, and to consider PGA as a differential diagnosis when medications that disrupt the γ‐glutamyl cycle such as flucloxacillin and paracetamol are present.
Kaposi disease revealing HIV treatment breach: A report of two cases
Authors: Attal Camille , Demoury Benjamin , Reimbold Pierre , Mensah Aurore , Lescaille Géraldine , Rochefort Juliette 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageThe purpose of this article is to highlight that oral Kaposi's disease can be indicative of a high viral load of HIV, either in the case of primary infection or therapeutic failure.AbstractWe report two cases of Kaposi Disease associated with HIV. The first case was a 30‐year‐old patient who unaware of her HIV‐positive status, and who was diagnosed with AIDS stage because of the biopsy revealed a gingival location of Kaposi disease. The second case was a 34‐year‐old patient who was referred to our department with a history of palatal lesion and claimed at first having no previous known medical conditions although his overall health condition seemed deteriorated. Our clinical examination was evocative of Kaposi Disease, which was confirmed by an emergency blood assessment and histological examination. Our diagnosis led us to disclose the HIV‐positive status of the patient and identify a progression to the AIDS stage, which allowed us to reintroduce the patient in the hospital framework. This case emphasizes the role of the oral surgeon as a key actor thanks to their knowledge of the clinical buccal manifestations of sexually transmitted infections (STI), in an era of resurgence of those conditions in vulnerable key populations.
Successful bone marrow transplantation in a patient with Omenn syndrome, a rare variant of severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome: A case report
Authors: Khan Ubaid , Umer Muhammad , Muhammad Aiman , Iltaf Arej , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageBone marrow transplantation (BMT) saves lives in Omenn syndrome, a severe immunodeficiency disorder. Timely genetic diagnosis and matched donor BMT are crucial. Emphasis on newborn screening and multidisciplinary care improves outcomes for infants with inherited disorders. Prompt intervention and comprehensive management are vital for a successful transplant outcome.AbstractOmenn syndrome represents a severe variant of combined immunodeficiency characterized by disregulated immune responses and susceptibility to recurrent infections. We present the case of a 3‐month‐old female infant initially presenting with upper respiratory infection symptoms and a diffuse rash, unresponsive to local treatment. At 4 months of age, the patient underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) utilizing stem cells from a fully matched sibling donor. Pre‐transplant conditioning included antimicrobial prophylaxis and supportive therapies. Following BMT, the patient received immunosuppressive medications to prevent graft rejection and graft‐versus‐host disease. Clinical monitoring post‐transplant showed timely neutrophil and platelet engraftment, with subsequent follow‐up demonstrating stable clinical parameters and negative cytomegalovirus status. The case highlights the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment in managing severe immunodeficiency disorders, demonstrating the potential for successful outcomes with appropriate timely interventions. Regular monitoring and follow‐up appointments were crucial in ensuring the success of the treatment. This case also emphasizes the significance of multidisciplinary care and genetic testing in identifying and managing rare immunodeficiency disorders. The successful outcome in this case provides hope for improved treatment options and better patient outcomes in the future.