bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Day-to-Day Dynamical Approach to the Most Likely User Equilibrium Problem
Authors: Li Jiayang , Wang Qianni , Feng Liyang , Xie Jun , Nie Yu (Marco) 
Published: July 2024

The lack of a unique user equilibrium (UE) route flow in traffic assignment has posed a significant challenge to many transportation applications. The maximum-entropy principle, which advocates for the consistent selection of the most likely solution, is often used to address the challenge. Built on a recently proposed day-to-day discrete-time dynamical model called cumulative logit (CumLog), this study provides a new behavioral underpinning for the maximum-entropy user equilibrium (MEUE) route flow. It has been proven that CumLog can reach a UE state without presuming that travelers are perfectly rational. Here, we further establish that CumLog always converges to the MEUE route flow if (i) travelers have no prior information about routes and thus, are forced to give all routes an equal initial choice probability or if (ii) all travelers gather information from the same source such that the general proportionality condition is satisfied. Thus, CumLog may be used as a practical solution algorithm for the MEUE problem. To put this idea into practice, we propose to eliminate the route enumeration requirement of the original CumLog model through an iterative route discovery scheme. We also examine the discrete-time versions of four popular continuous-time dynamical models and compare them with CumLog. The analysis shows that the replicator dynamic is the only one that has the potential to reach the MEUE solution with some regularity. The analytical results are confirmed through numerical experiments. History: This paper has been accepted for the Transportation Science Special Issue on ISTTT25 Conference. Funding: This research was funded by the United States National Science Foundation’s Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation [Grant 2225087]. The work of J. Xie was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72371205]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2024.0525 .
Development of Indonesian Association of People with Disabilities (PPDI) Volunteers Based on Digital Applications to Increase Deaf Interaction
Authors: Hardiyanto Sigit , Dalimunthe Rehana Salsabila , Lubis Chalisa Audia , Daulay Syahru Ramadhan 
Published: July 2024

Background: Effective communication is essential for everyone, but it can be especially difficult for those who are deaf or hard of hearing. This can lead to isolation and hinder their ability to express themselves. Unfortunately, many people, including volunteers from PPDI North Sumatra, lack sign language skills, creating a communication barrier with the deaf community.
Contribution: This activity aims to develop and assist Regional Representative Council PPDI North Sumatra volunteers to increase interaction with the deaf at Regional Representative Council PPDI North Sumatra
Method: PPDI volunteers participated in program socialization, learned PIKU application features, and received training on its use.
Results: The PIKU program yielded positive outcomes. Volunteer participation was enthusiastic, and interaction with the deaf community increased. The app's free accessibility, user-friendly interface, and clear visuals facilitated communication.

Conclusion: The PIKU program, with its communication-assistive technology, effectively improved interaction between PPDI volunteers and the deaf community in North Sumatra. This highlights the potential of technology to break down communication barriers and foster inclusivity
Development of an Electric Variable Air Assist System for Apple Orchard Sprayers
Authors: Jeon Hongyoung , Zhu Heping 
Published: July 2024

Highlights

Electric air assist system was developed with electric fans, pulse width modulation (PWM) controllers, a custom-designed air channel, and a battery.

Adjusting PWM duty cycles from 0% to 100% achieved average exit air velocities from 0 to 11.3 m s-1.

Spray applications with the system at 50% and 70% power achieved canopy pass through spray coverages from 4.1% to 19.9% and 14.2% to 24.2%, respectively.

A multivariable regression model was developed to adjust air assist outputs based on tree canopy density and off-target loss.

Abstract. Air assist for apple orchard spray applications is a necessity to deliver pesticides to target crops. However, conventional orchard sprayers use axial fans to provide air assists which are generally designed for tall crops. Thus, these systems have very limited capabilities to control airflows to match canopy densities. An electric air assist system (EAAS) was developed with an electric fans, pulse width modulation (PWM) controllers, a custom-design air channel, and a 400-Ah LiFePO4 battery to address such limitations. The system could ramp up its airflow to nearly 80% of its maximum in 2.5 s, while it took approximately 4 s to reach 100% airflow from no air assist. The EAAS provided airflow of 11.3 and 5.3 m s-1 at the fan outlet and 1 m away, respectively, with 100% duty cycles (DC) of PWM. It was capable of modulating its average air velocities from 0 to 11.3 ms-1 by changing DCs. Spray coverage samples of constant rate applications with different air assist levels were collected from the behind apple tree canopies throughout the 2023 growing season to characterize the potential for off-target spray drift. A multivariable regression model for controlling DCs was developed with the spray coverage data and leaf area index (LAI) to minimize the off-target drift. The EAAS was a promising approach to developing more advanced air assist spraying systems to enable the adjustment of both air and liquid flows based on canopy characteristics to maximize spray depositions on intended targets while minimizing spray drift. Keywords: Air assisted sprayer, Automation, Crop protection, Fan, Penetration, Pesticide, Pulse width modulation, Variable air assistance.
Molecular surveillance of zoonotic pathogens from wild rodents in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Choi Kyoung-Seong , Hwang Sunwoo , Kim Myung Cheol , Cho Hyung-Chul , Park Yu-Jin , Ji Min-Jeong , Han Sun-Woo , Chae Joon-Seok 
Published: July 2024

Background
Rodents are recognized as major reservoirs of numerous zoonotic pathogens and are involved in the transmission and maintenance of infectious diseases. Furthermore, despite their importance, diseases transmitted by rodents have been neglected. To date, there have been limited epidemiological studies on rodents, and information regarding their involvement in infectious diseases in the Republic of Korea (ROK) is still scarce.

Methodology/Principal findings
We investigated rodent-borne pathogens using nested PCR/RT-PCR from 156 rodents including 151 Apodemus agrarius and 5 Rattus norvegicus from 27 regions in eight provinces across the ROK between March 2019 and November 2020. Spleen, kidney, and blood samples were used to detect Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Bartonella spp., Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group, Coxiella burnetii, Leptospira interrogans, and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). Of the 156 rodents, 73 (46.8%) were infected with Bartonella spp., 25 (16.0%) with C. burnetii, 24 (15.4%) with L. interrogans, 21 (13.5%) with A. phagocytophilum, 9 (5.8%) with SFTSV, and 5 (3.2%) with Borrelia afzelii. Co-infections with two and three pathogens were detected in 33 (21.1%) and 11 rodents (7.1%), respectively. A. phagocytophilum was detected in all regions, showing a widespread occurrence in the ROK. The infection rates of Bartonella spp. were 83.3% for B. grahamii and 16.7% for B. taylorii.

Conclusions/Significance
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of C. burnetii and SFTSV infections in rodents in the ROK. This study also provides the first description of various rodent-borne pathogens through an extensive epidemiological survey in the ROK. These results suggest that rodents harbor various pathogens that pose a potential threat to public health in the ROK. Our findings provide useful information on the occurrence and distribution of zoonotic pathogens disseminated among rodents and emphasize the urgent need for rapid diagnosis, prevention, and control strategies for these zoonotic diseases.
Determinants of feto-maternal outcomes of antepartum hemorrhage among women who gave birth in Awi zone public hospitals, Ethiopia. A case-control study
Authors: Zegeye Ambaye Minayehu , Bazezew Yibelu , Adare Ashete , Jaleta Paulos , Kumlachew Wale , Liben Seid Wodajo , Tarik Yaregal Dessalew , Kebede Getahun Degualeh , Dagnaw Yilkal , Zeleke Fentahun Tamene , Belay Dawit Misganaw 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundAntepartum hemorrhage continues to be a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries including Ethiopia and it complicates 2–5% of all pregnancies with an increased rate of maternal and perinatal morbidity and even mortality. Despite many activities, still, poor fetomaternal outcomes of antepartum hemorrhage are still there. Moreover, studies around the current study area emphasize the magnitude and associated factors for antepartum hemorrhage rather than its feto-maternal outcomes. Thus, there is a need to identify the determinants associated with the fetomaternal outcomes of antepartum hemorrhage to guide midwives and obstetricians in the early diagnosis and treatment.MethodAn institution-based case-control study was conducted in four-year delivery charts diagnosed with antepartum hemorrhage from April 2, 2022, to May 12, 2022, at Awi Zone public hospitals. To see the association between dependent and independent variables logistic regression model along with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and a p-value of <0.05 were used.ResultNo antenatal care follow-up (AOR: 2.5, 95% CI 1.49–4.2), rural residence (AOR: 1.706, 95%CI 1.09–2.66), delay to seek care >12 hours (AOR: 2.57, 95% CI: 1.57–4.23) and advanced maternal age (AOR: 3.43, 95% CI 1.784–6.59) were significant factors associated with feto-maternal outcomes of antepartum Hemorrhage.ConclusionThis study revealed that rural residence, delay in seeking the care of more than 12 hours, not having antenatal care follow up and advanced maternal age were significant factors associated with feto-maternal outcomes of Antepartum hemorrhage.RecommendationThe findings of our study suggest the need for health education about the importance of antenatal care follow-up which is the ideal entry point for health promotion and early detection of complications, especially for rural residents.
Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy and its predictors among diabetic patients on follow-up at public hospitals in Nekemte Town, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Olani Kuta Aberash , Dida Nagasa 
Published: July 2024

Background
Understanding and addressing the concerns of vaccine-hesitant individuals, including those with chronic diseases, is key to increasing vaccine acceptance and uptake. However, in Ethiopia, there is limited evidence on the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and predictor variables among diabetic patients. Hence, the study aimed to assess Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Predictor variables among Diabetic Patients on Follow-Up at Public Hospitals in Nekemte Town, Western Ethiopia.

Method
Facility based cross sectional study was conducted among 422 diabetic patients attending public hospitals at Nekemte Town, Western Ethiopia between January, to February, 2023. Study participants were recruited by systematic random sampling. The data were collected interviewee administered pre-tested structured survey questioner. The collected data were entered and cleaned using Epi-Data software 4.6 version. The cleaned data were analyzed using SPSS. 25.0 Statical software. Descriptive statistics like frequency, mean and percentage, and binary logistic regression was applied to identify independent predictors of Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy and association between variables were declared at p-value of 0.05.

Result
The overall magnitude of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was 15.2% (95% CI: 11.6–18.7). The top three listed reasons for the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy were: negative information about the vaccine (32.90%), lack of enough information (21.80%), and vaccine safety concern (19.40%). The hesitancy of the COVID-19 vaccination uptake among diabetes patients was independently influenced by age between 40–49 (Adjusted Odd Ratio [AOR] = 4.52(1.04–19.66)), having vaccine awareness (AOR = 0.029(0.001–0.86)), having a great deal of trust on vaccine development (AOR = 0.028(0.002–0.52)), and a fear amount trust (AOR = 0.05(0.003–0.79)) on the vaccine preparation, vaccinated for COVID-19 (AOR = 0.13(0.04–0.51)), perceived exposure to COVID-19 infection after having the vaccine as strongly agree/agree (AOR = 0.03(0.01–0.17))and neither agree nor disagree (AOR = 0.07(0.02–0.30)).

Conclusion
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among diabetic patients was relatively low. The identified independent predictors were age, vaccine awareness, COVID-19 vaccination history, awareness on vaccine preparation and exposure status to COVID-19 infection. The relevant agency should focus on efforts to translating these high levels of vaccine acceptance into actual uptake, through targeting identifying predictor variables and vaccine availability for a high-risk diabetes patient.
Spatial distribution and determinants of measles vaccination dropout among under-five children in Ethiopia: A spatial and multilevel analysis of 2019 Ethiopian demographic and health survey
Authors: Zegeye Alebachew Ferede , Mekonen Enyew Getaneh , Tekeba Berhan , Alemu Tewodros Getaneh , Ali Mohammed Seid , Gonete Almaz Tefera , Kassie Alemneh Tadesse , Workneh Belayneh Shetie , Tamir Tadesse Tarik , Wassie Mulugeta 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundEach year, vaccine-preventable diseases cost the lives of 8.8 million under-five children. Although vaccination prevents 1–2 million childhood deaths worldwide, measles vaccination dropouts are not well studied in developing countries, particularly in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aims to assess the spatial distribution of the measles vaccination dropout and its determinants among under-five children in Ethiopia.MethodsData from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2019 was used for data analysis. The study used a total of 5,753 children. Spatial autocorrelations was used to determine the spatial dependency of measles vaccination dropout. Ordinary interpolation was employed to forecast measles vaccination dropout. Factors associated with measles vaccination dropout were declared significant at p-values <0.05. The data were interpreted using the confidence interval and adjusted odds ratio. A model with the lowest deviance and highest logliklihood ratio was selected as the best-fit model.ResultsIn Ethiopia, one in three under-five children had measles vaccination dropouts. Factors such as birth interval (AOR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.30, 2.70), unmarried marital status women (AOR = 3.98, 95% CI: 1.08, 8.45), ≤1 number of under-five children (AOR = 3.86, 95% CI: 2.56, 5.81), rural place of residence (AOR = 2.43, 95% CI: 2.29, 3.11), low community-level ANC utilization (AOR = 3.20, 95% CI: 2.53, 3.56), and residing in Benishangul Gumuz (AOR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.061, 3.06) had higher odds of measles vaccination dropout.ConclusionsMeasles vaccination dropout rates in Ethiopia among under-five children were high compared to the maximum tolerable vaccination dropout level of 10% by the WHO. Both individual and community-level variables were determinants of measles vaccination dropout. The ministry of health in Ethiopia should give attention to those mothers of under-five children who reported underutilization of ANC services and rural residences while designing policies and strategies in areas of high spatial clustering of vaccine dropout in Ethiopia.
Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on inpatient health care in Switzerland 2020–2021—A descriptive retrospective study using admission data of all Swiss hospitals
Authors: Wirth Brigitte , Stucki Michael , Joerg Reto , Thommen Christoph , Höglinger Marc 
Published: July 2024

Background
As part of the Covid-19-restrictions in Switzerland, a federal ban on non-urgent examinations and treatments was applied to all hospitals during six weeks in spring 2020 (“spring lockdown”). The aim of this study was to comprehensively investigate the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic on Swiss inpatient admissions based on data of all hospitals, focusing on selected procedures of different medical urgency.

Methods
The study includes all acute care inpatient cases (including Covid-19 cases, excluding cases in psychiatry and rehabilitation) according to the Swiss Medical Statistics of Hospitals. Besides the total number of admissions, subdivided by regions, hospital types and age groups, we focused on selected procedures representing different medical urgency: elective surgeries, cancer surgeries, and emergencies. Procedures were selected based on expert interviews. We compared the number of admissions during spring lockdown and for the whole years 2020 and 2021 in absolute numbers and in percentage changes to the corresponding periods in 2019 (baseline year).

Results
During spring lockdown, the number of admissions decreased by 47,156 (32.2%) without catch-up effect by the end of 2020 (-72,817 admissions/-5.8%). With procedure-specific decreases of up to 86%, the decline in admissions was largest for elective surgery, a decline that was only fully reversed in the case of a few procedures, such as joint arthroplasty. Strikingly, admissions due to emergencies also substantially decreased during spring lockdown (stroke -14%; acute myocardial infarction STEMI: -9%, NSTEMI: -26%). Results for the selected procedures in cancer surgery showed no consistent pattern. In 2021, admission numbers for most procedures reached or even exceeded those in 2019.

Conclusions
The substantial reduction in admissions, particularly in elective procedures, may reflect the impact of the triage in favor of anticipated Covid-19-cases during spring lockdown. By the end of 2020, admissions were still at lower levels relative to the previous, pre-pandemic year. The numbers in 2021 reached the same levels as those in 2019, which suggests that the Covid-19 pandemic only temporarily impacted inpatient health care in Switzerland. Long-term consequences of the observed reduction in admissions for emergencies and cancer surgery need to be investigated at the individual level.
Associations between mental health & substance use treatment and alcohol use progression and recovery among US women drinkers
Authors: Young Andrea S. , Reboussin Beth A. , Riehm Kira , Mojtabai Ramin , Green Kerry M. , O’Gorman Emily T. , Susukida Ryoko , Amin-Esmaeili Masoumeh , Crum Rosa M. 
Published: July 2024

Background
Alcohol use has profound public health impact on women; however, modifiable factors that may influence alcohol use progression/recovery, including health service utilization, are understudied in women.

Objective
To investigate the association between mental health (MH) and substance use (SU) treatment with alcohol use progression and recovery among women who currently use alcohol or have in the past.

Methods
This study is a secondary data analysis of prospective data from waves 1 (2001–2002) and 2 (2004–2005) of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC; a US-nationally representative sample of adults). The analytic sample was limited to women who reported past or current alcohol use at wave 1 (N = 15,515). Latent transition analysis (LTA) examined whether receiving SU/MH treatment in the year prior to wave 1 was associated with transitioning between three empirically-derived stages of alcohol involvement (no, moderate, and severe problems classes), between Waves 1 and 2 adjusting for possible confounders using propensity score weight.

Results
Compared to White female drinkers, female drinkers who were from Black, Hispanic, or other races were less likely to receive SU/MH treatment (p-values ≤. 001). SU/MH treatment in the year prior to wave 1 was associated with transitioning from the moderate problems class to the no problems class between Waves 1 and 2 (p-value = .04).

Conclusion
Receipt of SU or MH treatment among women, was associated with a higher likelihood of remission from moderate alcohol use problems to no problems over time. Future research, including investigation into treatment characteristics (e.g., frequency, duration, type) should further explore why women initially experiencing severe alcohol use problems did not experience similar remission.
Hagin-ebakortzen hipomineralizazioa (MIH): etiopatogeniaren garapena, diagnostiko-irizpideak eta tratamendua
Authors: Fernández-Bonet Jon 
Published: July 2024

Molar-ebakortzen hipomineralizazioa (MIH) hortzei, bereziki molarrei eta ebakitzaileei, eragiten dien garapenaren baldintza bat da. MIHk esmaltearen akatsa eragiteaz gain, hortzen sentikortasuna handitu, mina sortu eta batzuetan txantxar azkarra ere eragiten ditu. MIH orban zuri dekoloratua, opakua edo epel forman ager daiteke; gainera, substantzia beroak edo hotzak jatean edota edatean sentsibilitatea eta mina ere sor ditzake. MIH arazo kliniko garrantzitsua da, eta maiz odontologo orokorrari nahiz pediatriako odontologoari eragiten die. Artikulu honek erreferentzia izan nahi du Odontologiako gradua ikasten ari diren ikasleentzat, orain arte ez baitzegoen MIH euskaraz modu didaktikoan azaltzen zuen materialik. Lan honetan, patologiaren etiologiari buruz dakiguna aurkezteaz gain, proposamen diagnostiko argia eta erabaki terapeutikoak hartzeko gida ere aurkezten dira, etorkizuneko ikerketetarako orientazioari buruzko iradokizunekin batera. Hemen aurkezten diren jarraibide diagnostiko eta terapeutikoak Europako Odontopediatria Elkarlegoaren azken bertsio eguneratuan oinarritzen dira.
Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Controlled Phase 3 Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Zastaprazan Compared With Esomeprazole in Erosive Esophagitis
Authors: Oh Jung-Hwan , Kim Hyun-Soo , Cheung Dae Young , Lee Hang Lak , Lee Dong Ho , Kim Gwang Ha , Choi Suck Chei , Cho Yu Kyung , Chung Woo Chul , Kim Ji Won , Yu Eunju , Kwon Hyesoo , Kim Jun , Kim John , Jung Hwoon-Yong 
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Zastaprazan is a potent potassium-competitive acid blocker developed to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of zastaprazan compared with esomeprazole in patient with erosive esophagitis (EE).

METHODS:
A phase III, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, noninferiority clinical study was conducted with 300 subjects with confirmed EE. Subjects were randomized to receive zastaprazan 20 mg or esomeprazole 40 mg once daily up to 8 weeks. The primary end point was the cumulative proportion of subject with healed EE confirmed by endoscopy at week 8. The secondary end points included the healing rate at week 4, symptom response, and quality of life assessment. Safety profiles and serum gastrin levels were also assessed.

RESULTS:
In the full analysis set, the cumulative healing rate at week 8 were 97.92% (141/144) for zastaprazan and 94.93% (131/138) (P = 0.178) for esomeprazole. The healing rate at week 4 in the zastaprazan group was higher than the esomeprazole group (95.14% [137/144] vs 87.68% [121/138]; P = 0.026). There was no significant difference between groups in healing rates (the per-protocol set) at week 8 and week 4, symptom responses, quality of life assessments, and safety profiles. In addition, serum gastrin levels increased during treatment in both groups, with a significant difference between the 2 groups (P = 0.047), but both decreased after treatment.

DISCUSSION:
An 8-week therapy of zastaprazan 20 mg is noninferior to esomeprazole 40 mg in subjects with predominantly low-grade EE. The healing rate at week 4 appears to be higher for zastaprazan than esomeprazole.