bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meditation for perioperative pain and anxiety: A systematic review
Authors: Rajjoub Rami , Sammak Sally El , Rajjo Tamim , Rajjoub Noora S. , Hasan Bashar , Saadi Samer , Kanaan Adel , Bydon Mohamad 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionEffective pain and anxiety management during the perioperative phase remains a challenge for patients undergoing surgeries and other invasive procedures. The current standard of care involves prescribing analgesics to treat these conditions; however, there has been recent interest in applying multimodal strategies that limit the use of these medications. One such modality is meditation, which has been shown to be effective in alleviating various physical and psychological symptoms in other settings. This systematic review aims to assess how current meditative practices affect perioperative pain and anxiety.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, APA PsycINFO, EBM Reviews, Scopus, and Web of Science for all available dates. Our primary outcomes of interest were patient‐reported pain and anxiety scores using the Visual Analog Scale, the Brief Pain Inventory, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). For the HADS and STAI scales, only the anxiety and anxiety‐state subgroups were reported, respectively.ResultsThe literature search yielded 1746 articles. A total of 286 full‐text articles were screened, and 16 studies were included in this systematic review. A total of eight studies assessed pain scores after invasive procedures; five reported improvements in pain scores, and three reported no change after meditative practices. Ten studies assessed anxiety outcomes after invasive procedures: nine reported a decrease in overall anxiety levels as a result of meditation practices while one study reported no change in anxiety scores.ConclusionData from this limited literature suggests that different meditation practices could be effective in alleviating pain and anxiety within the perioperative phase for patients undergoing various types of invasive procedures. Future prospective studies are needed to determine whether routine meditation in the perioperative setting is effective in mitigating perioperative pain and anxiety.
A Single Enzyme in Enantiocomplementary Synthesis of β‐Nitroalcohols: Bidirectional Catalysis by Hydroxynitrile Lyase
Authors: Rana Sukadev , Chatterjee Ayon , Kumar Padhi Santosh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA single enzyme, Baliospermum montanum hydroxynitrile lyase (BmHNL), without alteration, enabled bidirectional catalysis in enantiocomplementary synthesis of chiral β‐nitroalcohols. BmHNL catalyzed promiscuous Henry (24 examples) and retro‐Henry reaction (22 examples) provided up to >99 % and 50 % conversion to (S)‐ and (R)‐β‐nitroalcohols respectively, while both cases displayed up to >99 % ee. The broad substrate scope and high stereoselectivity of BmHNL represents its synthetic applications in sustainable production of diverse chiral β‐nitroalcohols. Kinetic parameters of BmHNL was determined for Henry and retro‐Henry reaction, which reveals poor catalytic efficiency for both the promiscuous transformations, however, the former has better efficiency than the latter. Practical applicability of the biocatalyst and transformation was illustrated by preparative scale synthesis of chiral intermediates of (S)‐Tembamide, and (S)‐Micanozole.
Pain management challenges in a patient with mucopolysaccharidosis IVA
Authors: Gurgius Marcus , Donoghue Sarah , Wallace Robyn A. 
Published: July 2024

Key Clinical MessageIt is important to consider all potential pain management modalities including alternative treatment on managing complex pain presentations. Acupuncture is a treatment modality that may result in reduction of pain in patients with significant medical comorbidities due to MPS IVA.
A fulminant presentation of post‐COVID‐19 necrotizing pneumonia and ischemic stroke in an 8‐year‐old girl: A case report and literature review
Authors: Ehsanipur Fahimeh , Ebrahimi Pouya , Tahernia Leila , Vafaee‐Shahi Mohammad 
Published: July 2024

Key Clinical MessageNecrotizing pneumonia (NP) is the destruction of the interstitial part of the lung due to severe infection. One cause of this rare and fatal condition in pediatrics is Acinetobacter. Severe infections, especially pneumonia, can prone pediatric patients to ischemic stroke. This study reports an 8‐year‐old girl presented to the emergency department complaining of shortness of breath, fever, and fatigue. She was admitted to the intensive care unit due to respiratory distress and pericardial effusion. Swab and respiratory secretion tests for COVID‐19 and Acinetobacter were positive. In her admission course, her condition deteriorated, and on the fifth day, she underwent a craniotomy due to the signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). The computed tomography (CT) scan showed an ischemic stroke. Despite all efforts and medical efforts, the patient's clinical condition got worse, and she died 10 days after the surgery. COVID‐19 can lead to vulnerability to severe bacterial infections such as NP in pediatrics. Severe infections are a significant risk factor for ischemic stroke. The presentation might be different in intubated unconscious patients, such as detecting increased ICP signs. In severe and extensive cases of NP and ischemia, the destruction of the lungs and brain tissue might be irreversible and even lethal. Doctors and parents should consider neurologic complaints in children with infectious diseases as a serious issue since infections make children vulnerable to complications such as stroke.
Electrocatalytic Bipolar Synthesis of Valuable Chemicals
Authors: Gao Wenqi , Wang Chen , Lv Lin , Yan Dafeng , Xia Bao Yu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectrocatalysis can synthesize kinds of valuable chemicals and plays vital role in developing clean and renewable energy storage and conversion devices. In the traditional electrocatalytic systems, researchers try to synthesize one type of valuable chemical at cathode or anode independently. Recently, electrocatalytic bipolar synthesis of valuable chemicals at both cathode and anode simultaneously becomes popular and attracts much attention. In this minireview, we summarize the latest processes on innovative strategies for electrocatalytic bipolar synthesis of various chemicals. We will discuss the findings according to the categories of the products, including bipolar hydrogen production, bipolar formate production and bipolar hydrogenation. And the associated catalysts optimization, reaction mechanism, and design principles are well introduced. Moreover, the challenges and prospects are highlighted for future developments. This review is timely and will guide others pay more attention to this novel electrocatalytic bipolar synthesis systems.
Use of cholesterol‐lowering medications in relation to risk of primary liver cancer in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink
Authors: Zamani Shahriar A. , Graubard Barry I. , Hyer Marianne , Carver Emily , Petrick Jessica L. , McGlynn Katherine A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the relation between statin use and liver cancer risk has been extensively examined, few studies have examined other cholesterol‐lowering medications in relation to liver cancer risk. The authors examined five classes of nonstatin medications and liver cancer risk.MethodsA nested case–control including 3719 cases and 14,876 matched controls was conducted within the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Additional matches on type 2 diabetes and chronic liver disease were also implemented. The medications examined included cholesterol absorption inhibitors, bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, niacin, and omega‐3 fatty acids. Conditional logistic regression estimated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.ResultsCholesterol absorption inhibitor use was associated with reduced liver cancer risk in the overall analysis (odds ratio, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.50–0.96) and in analyses based on type 2 diabetes and chronic liver disease status. Although bile acid sequestrant use was associated with increased liver cancer risk in the overall analysis (odds ratio, 5.31; 95% confidence interval, 3.53–7.97), the results of the analyses based on type 2 diabetes and chronic liver disease status were inconsistent. [Correction added on 19 August 2024, after first online publication: In the preceding sentence, the value ‘3.534’ has been changed to ‘3.54’.]. No associations were observed for the other medications.ConclusionsCholesterol absorption inhibitors may be associated with reduced liver cancer risk. Whether bile acid sequestrant use was associated with increased risk was only partially supported in the current study.
Enhancing Crystallinity and Magnetic Properties of Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles via Thermal Oxidation
Authors: Poon Kingsley , Singh Gurvinder 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCobalt ferrite (CFO) nanoparticles (NPs) are highly promising for data storage, energy conversion, permanent magnets, and biomedical applications owing to their exceptional magnetic properties. However, the presence of phase impurities (particularly FeO and CoO) can severely degrade their magnetic properties, hindering their practical use. Here, we present a simple post‐synthesis oxidation approach to address this challenge. Our method involves the thermal decomposition of Fe−Co oleate followed by oxidation using trimethylamine N‐oxide. The results reveal the effective elimination of FeO and CoO impurities and the formation of spinel ferrite crystal structures post‐oxidation with no change in morphology or size. Magnetic measurements demonstrate a significant enhancement in magnetic properties (e. g., magnetic saturation, coercivity, and blocking temperature) in oxidized CFO NPs compared to the non‐oxidized counterparts, indicative of the recovered ferrimagnetic structure upon post‐synthesis oxidation. As expected, the restoration of the ferrimagnetic structure, resulting in improved magnetic anisotropy, led to decreased SAR values as the nanoparticles moved away from the optimal anisotropy range. The study underscores the necessity of post‐synthesis oxidation for ensuring phase purity and enhancing the magnetic properties of CFO NPs, irrespective of the synthesis method. This approach offers a promising route for producing highly functional magnetic nanoparticles for practical applications.
Nonadiabatic Photodynamics of Amantadine and 1‐Cyanoadamantane Cations
Authors: Roy Bonasree , Titov Evgenii , Saalfrank Peter 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCations of diamondoids and derivatives thereof have recently become the subject of experimental, spectroscopic studies due to their potential role in astrochemistry. In particular, their electronic spectra and photoinduced dynamics trigger great interest. Here, we report on computational investigations of two nitrogen‐containing derivatives of the adamantane cation (Ada+,
), the amantadine cation (Ama+,
) and the 1‐cyanoadamantane cation (Ada‐CN+, C10H15CN+). Specifically, we study electronic (vibrationally resolved) spectra and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics (modeled using the surface hopping approach based on semiempirical electronic structure theory) of these radical cations. The internal conversion time constants as well as reactive relaxation outcomes (cage‐opening and hydrogen loss) are compared for the two derivatives and also with the case of Ada+.[29] Remarkably, we find a longer ground‐state recovery time for Ada‐CN+ than for Ama+ (for the same excitation energy window), despite a smaller excitation energy for the former. Thus, a static energy gap law cannot be used to rationalize nonadiabatic dynamics and excited state lifetimes in this case: Dynamics and details of the couplings between several states play a decisive role.
Spirocyclic Pyrrolidinyl Nitroxides with Exo‐Methylene Substituents
Authors: Sowiński Mateusz P. , Warnke Anna‐Luisa , Lund Bjarte A. , Skagseth Susann , Cordes David B. , Lovett Janet E. , Haugland Marius M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNitroxides are stable organic radicals with exceptionally long lifetimes, which render them uniquely suitable as observable probes or polarising agents for spectroscopic investigation of biomolecular structure and dynamics. Radical‐based probes for biological applications are ideally characterized by both robustness towards reductive degradation and beneficial electron spin relaxation parameters. These properties are largely influenced by the molecular structure of the nitroxide scaffold, and also by the conformations it prefers to adopt. In this study we present the synthesis of the first nitroxides based on a spirocyclic pyrrolidine scaffold with an exocyclic methylene substituent. The conformations adopted by these nitroxides were evaluated by X‐ray crystallography, both with single nitroxide crystals and by inclusion of nitroxides in a microporous crystalline sponge. The kinetic and thermodynamic stability of the new nitroxides towards reduction was investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry (CV). In combination with EPR measurements of electron spin relaxation properties, these results suggest that this new family of nitroxides can provide access to multifunctionalized probes and polarising agents suitable for use in biological environments at elevated temperatures.
The draft genome of Piper longum L.
Authors: Mathew Deepu , Valsalan Ravisankar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGenome of Piper longum (long pepper, Piperaceae), an important medicinal plant, is being reported. The sequencing was carried out on Illumina Novaseq‐6000 platform at 150x coverage, and de novo scaffold‐level assembly has resulted in a 447.7 Mb genome (89,204 scaffolds with an N50 value of 10.7 kb). Even though long pepper is valued for its pungent alkaloids, especially piperine, mechanism of piperine biosynthesis is yet to be revealed. Functional annotation of the genes has given a better understanding of the genomic features and genes involved in piperine biosynthesis. Phylogenetic relationship of long pepper with other members of Piperaceae family and the expression of Piperine synthase and Piperamide synthase genes in the developing leaves and spikes were also analyzed. The results indicated that this medicinal plant may have genes similar to black pepper involved in the biosynthesis of piperine. Raw reads and the assembly are made publicly available.
Low‐Temperature and High‐Rate Rechargeable Aluminum Batteries Enabled by Ternary Eutectic Electrolytes
Authors: Vadthya Raju , Fetrow Christopher , Oladoyin Olumide , Wu James , Ivanov Sergei , Wang You , Chen Dongchang , Zhou Xiao‐Dong , Wei Shuya 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRechargeable aluminum batteries (RABs) have garnered extensive scientific attention as a promising alternative chemistry due to the inherent advantages associated with aluminum (Al) metal anodes, including their high theoretical capacities, cost‐effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and inherent non‐flammable properties. Nonetheless, the practical energy density of RABs is constrained by the electrolytes that support lower operational voltage windows. Herein, we report a ternary eutectic electrolyte composed of 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride ([C2C1im]Cl):1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride ([C4C1im]Cl):aluminum chloride (AlCl3) for the application of RABs. The electrolyte exhibits a high operational potential window (~3 V vs. Al/Al3+ on SS 316) and high ionic conductivity (~8.3 mS cm−1) while exhibiting only a low temperature glass transition at −65 °C suitable for all‐climate conditions. Al||graphene nanoplatelets cell delivers a high capacity of ~117 mAh/g, and ~43 mAh/g at a very high current densities of 1 A/g and 5 A/g, respectively. The cells render a reversible capacity of 20 mAh/g at −20 °C and 17 mAh/g at −40 °C, indicating their suitability for operation under extreme environmental conditions. We comprehensively evaluated the design and optimization of carbon paper‐based battery systems. The ternary eutectic electrolyte demonstrates exceptional electrochemical performance, thus signifying its substantial potential for utilization in high‐performance energy storage systems in all climates.
Effects of Chatbot Components to Facilitate Mental Health Services Use in Individuals With Eating Disorders Following Online Screening: An Optimization Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fitzsimmons‐Craft Ellen E. , Rackoff Gavin N. , Shah Jillian , Strayhorn Jillian C. , D'Adamo Laura , DePietro Bianca , Howe Carli P. , Firebaugh Marie‐Laure , Newman Michelle G. , Collins Linda M. , Taylor C. Barr , Wilfley Denise E. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveFew individuals with eating disorders (EDs) receive treatment. Innovations are needed to identify individuals with EDs and address care barriers. We developed a chatbot for promoting services uptake that could be paired with online screening. However, it is not yet known which components drive effects. This study estimated individual and combined contributions of four chatbot components on mental health services use (primary), chatbot helpfulness, and attitudes toward changing eating/shape/weight concerns (“change attitudes,” with higher scores indicating greater importance/readiness).Methods
Two hundred five individuals screening with an ED but not in treatment were randomized in an optimization randomized controlled trial to receive up to four chatbot components: psychoeducation, motivational interviewing, personalized service recommendations, and repeated administration (follow‐up check‐ins/reminders). Assessments were at baseline and 2, 6, and 14 weeks.ResultsParticipants who received repeated administration were more likely to report mental health services use, with no significant effects of other components on services use. Repeated administration slowed the decline in change attitudes participants experienced over time. Participants who received motivational interviewing found the chatbot more helpful, but this component was also associated with larger declines in change attitudes. Participants who received personalized recommendations found the chatbot more helpful, and receiving this component on its own was associated with the most favorable change attitude time trend. Psychoeducation showed no effects.DiscussionResults indicated important effects of components on outcomes; findings will be used to finalize decision making about the optimized intervention package. The chatbot shows high potential for addressing the treatment gap for EDs.
Plant silicon content as a proxy for understanding plant community properties and ecosystem structure
Authors: Moura Renan Fernandes , Sternberg Marcelo , Vorst Chanania , Katz Ofir 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSilicon (Si) content in plant tissues is considered a functional trait that can provide multiple morpho‐physiological benefits to plant individuals. However, it is still unclear whether and how these individual benefits extend to plant community processes and ecosystem functioning. Here we investigated how plant Si content is associated with plant community properties and the ecosystem structure of herbaceous communities in Israel. We sampled 15 sites across the Mediterranean and desert ecosystems and built models to evaluate how plant silicon content (community‐weighted mean and standard variation) is associated with variables such as species richness, biomass production, plant cover, and functional diversity. Finally, we used model selection techniques to test whether models depicting plant Si content perform better than models using data on soil Si instead. Sites with lower susceptibility to drought had significantly more Si‐accumulating grass species and higher soils Si content. Models with plant Si content instead of soil Si, always performed better, although those considering Si content variation had overall stronger associations with community properties than only mean Si content. For instance, up to 51% of plant Si content variation was explained by climate, biomass production, and species richness, combined. Still, mean plant Si content and plant cover combined explained up to 42% of plant functional diversity. Our results suggest the that plant Si content serves as a proxy for understanding the ecological properties and functioning of arid and Mediterranean ecosystems. Nevertheless, the significance of Si has not been fully explored in other ecosystem types, where its influence may be less pronounced compared with the ecosystems examined in this study. In light of various global change scenarios, enhancing our understanding of Si as a plant functional trait could help bridge existing knowledge gaps and improve ecological modeling, thus enabling more accurate forecasts of changes in plant distributions.
Formulation and evaluation of functional attributes of low‐fat mozzarella cheese using aloe vera mucilage as a potential fat replacer
Authors: Akhtar Aqsa , Ansar Ramish , Araki Tetsuya , Khalid Nauman 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMozzarella is a soft white fermented cheese comprising up to 40% saturated fats and is well known for its stretchability. Consumers’ demand for low‐fat mozzarella cheese (LFMC) has increased with increasing health consciousness. However, the rubbery texture of LFMC tends to lower its acceptability. The study investigates the effect of aloe vera mucilage (AVM) as a fat replacer on the physicochemical, proximate composition, functional, and sensory attributes of LFMC using buffalo milk as substrate. For this purpose, mucilage from AV leaves was extracted and added in concentrations (1%, 2.5%, and 5% v/v) during the formulation of LFMC treatments using the direct acidification technique. A significant reduction in fat contents of LFMC treatments prepared using AVM (p = 0.02) was observed, and among all LFMC treatments, AT2 with 2.5% AVM exhibited significantly improved (p = 0.00) stretchability and meltability. The higher free oil content of 3.8% was observed in LFMC in To (positive control), whereas the lowest (1.28%) was reported in T* (negative control). For hardness, the lowest puncture force of 2.12 and 2.17 N was experienced by the LFMC treatments prepared using 2.5% AVM v/v. The study concluded that adding AVM with a concentration of 2.5% v/v was considered best for its organoleptic properties, improving the textural and functional attributes of LFMC.Practical Application: The demand of consumers for low‐fat mozzarella cheese (LFMC) has increased with increasing health consciousness. The rubbery texture of LFMC tends to lower its acceptability. This research will help to formulate LFMC at the industrial level, creating more diversity and availability of health‐modulating functional foods in markets.