bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving organ donor registration using kiosks in primary care clinics
Authors: Salim Ali , Berry Cherisse , Ley Eric J , Schulman Danielle , Anderson Jacqueline , Navarro Sonia , Zheng Ling , Chan Linda S 
Published: November 2014

Objective: In the USA, organ donor shortage is especially pronounced among minority ethnic populations such as Hispanics, who are 60% less likely to donate compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Recent evidence suggests that US Hispanics may consent to organ donation via a registry within a doctor’s office. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of using ‘kiosks’ to distribute organ donation educational material located within primary care clinics on US Hispanic donor registration rates. Design/setting: A prospective observational study was conducted at four clinics, located in Southern Californian neighbourhoods with a high percentage of Hispanics. Method: Kiosks containing organ donation educational material were set up at each clinic for a total of 7 weeks. The kiosks were unstaffed for 6 weeks, 3 weeks before and 3 weeks after a week that was staffed by individuals from OneLegacy, the local Organ Procurement Organisation (OPO). The number of patient encounters and the number of patients who registered were recorded and analysed. Registration rates per 1,000 patient encounters and 95% confidence interval (CI) were derived. Differences between the staffed and unstaffed kiosks were assessed. Results: During the 6-week unstaffed period, a total of 59,181 patient encounters occurred with a registration rate of 0.03 per 1,000 (95% CI: 0.0–0.1). During the 1-week staffed period, a total of 9,805 patient encounters occurred and 102 patients registered, which is a registration rate of 10 per 1,000 (95% CI: 8–13). Significance was reached when comparing staffed and unstaffed rates of registration ( p < .0001). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that when compared with unstaffed kiosks, staffed kiosks are more effective in increasing organ donation registration among US Hispanics.
Clinical outcome scores for arthroscopic femoral osteochondroplasty in femoroacetabular impingement: a quantitative systematic review
Authors: Gillespie JA , Patil SR , Meek RDM 
Published: November 2014

Background and aims Femoroacetabular impingement is the abnormal contact of the proximal femur and acetabulum during motion. It causes hip pain and joint degeneration in young patients. This systematic review aims to clarify the clinical effect of arthroscopic femoral osteochondroplasty for cam lesions and to review the available literature for the general medical readership, including providers of primary and secondary care. Methods and results Electronic databases were searched for studies of arthroscopic femoral osteochondroplasty in primary femoroacetabular impingement. A total of 2618 article titles, 242 abstracts and 33 full text articles were considered. Ultimately nine studies with clinical outcome scores met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative systematic review. Six studies were suitable for meta-analysis using an inverse variance, random effects model (RevMan software). In the nine studies, improvements were seen in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis index, Non-arthritic Hip Score and Modified Harris Hip Scores. Across the six studies suitable for meta-analysis (537 patients), a 24-point weighted mean improvement in Non-arthritic hip score was seen. This yielded a large overall effect size of 1.6. Conclusion Arthroscopic femoral osteochondroplasty appears to be a beneficial treatment for primary femoroacetabular impingement, with a large effect size seen across six eligible studies.
Comparison of Patterns of Psychopathology in Aesthetic Rhinoplasty Patients versus Functional Rhinoplasty Patients
Authors: Naraghi Mohsen , Atari Mohammad 
Published: November 2014

ObjectivesTo determine whether candidates for aesthetic rhinoplasty show more severe symptoms of psychopathology in comparison with functional rhinoplasty patients.Study DesignCase‐control study. Aesthetic rhinoplasty candidates were taken as cases and functional rhinoplasty patients comprised the control group.SettingA surgical center for rhinoplasty.Subjects and MethodsForty‐two patients seeking either aesthetic rhinoplasty (n = 21) or functional rhinoplasty (n = 21) were included in this study in winter 2012 using a convenience sampling method. All patients were asked to complete the Symptom Check List‐90‐Revised (SCL‐90‐R) preoperatively. An independent t test was performed for each subscale of the instrument. Cohen’s d was calculated as a measure of effect size. Pearson’s correlation was also performed between the subscales.ResultsIndependent t test verified that aesthetic rhinoplasty patients scored significantly higher in 8 subscales of the SCL‐90‐R in comparison with functional rhinoplasty patients as control group. Aesthetic rhinoplasty seekers showed more severe symptoms in obsessive‐compulsive disorder (P <. 01), depression (P <. 01), interpersonal problems (P <. 01), psychoticism (P <. 05), paranoia (P <. 05), hostility (P <. 05), phobia (P <. 01), and general psychopathology (P <. 01). All subscales were correlated strongly in the current sample.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that a sample of patients seeking aesthetic rhinoplasty had higher symptoms in various components of psychopathology compared with a control group. Therefore, preoperative psychological screening of aesthetic rhinoplasty candidates may be useful.
Development and effectiveness of an integrated inpatient and community service for challenging behaviour in late life: From Confused and Disturbed Elderly to Transitional Behavioural Assessment and Intervention Service
Authors: Anderson Katrina , Bird Michael , Blair Annaliese , MacPherson Sarah 
Published: November 2014

A common method of managing challenging behaviour associated with dementia is long-stay special care units, though models are very diverse. In New South Wales, Australia, the five remaining state-run long-stay special care units for this population were funded to adopt a shorter-term model which had been trialled by one of the units. Transitional Behavioural Assessment and Intervention Service Units, incorporating an integrated outreach team, were to provide multi-disciplinary assessments, develop individualised bio-psychosocial management plans for, and appropriately discharge people with significant levels of Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia. The current study assessed both the effects of the change and the clinical effectiveness of the model. Method A repeated measures design, supplemented by multiple one-time measures. A range of standard instruments were administered, patient data from other types of inpatient units were obtained, interviews conducted, and medical records examined. Results Transitional Behaviour Assessment and Intervention Service units were admitting patients with dementia and a variety of significant challenging behaviours. Length of stay was shortened in all units, patients turnover greatly increased, and there was a low re-admission rate. The model was substantially cheaper than psychiatric care in two units where it was fully implemented; one unit cost the same as psychiatric care, and two units were not cost-effective because of low occupancy – related to not fully implementing the model. Referring facilities reported that in the absence of the units, their main strategy would have been to increase sedation. In the Transitional Behavioural Assessment and Intervention Service units, behavioural incidents were primarily managed through psychosocial means. It is not known whether behaviour is reduced over time, staff become better at managing the behaviour when it occurs, or both. Conclusion The evaluation showed that the model can be transferred to other units and is a cost-effective way of assessing, managing, and successfully discharging people with complex challenging behaviours, though only when fully implemented.
Conservative treatment has comparable outcome with bouquet pinning of little finger metacarpal neck fractures: a multicentre randomized controlled study of 85 patients
Authors: Sletten I. N. , Hellund J. C. , Olsen B. , Clementsen S. , Kvernmo H. D. , Nordsletten L. 
Published: November 2014

Current literature gives few guidelines regarding indication for operative treatment of little finger metacarpal neck fractures, and some surgeons choose operative treatment when the palmar angulation exceeds 30°. The objective of this study was to determine whether conservative treatment produces comparable outcomes with bouquet pinning in a randomized, controlled trial. Eighty-five patients with little finger metacarpal neck fractures with ≥30° palmar angulation in the lateral view were included. Patients were randomized to two groups: conservative treatment without reduction of the fracture (43 patients); and closed reduction and bouquet pinning (42 patients). After 1 year, there were no statistical differences between the groups in QuickDASH score, pain, satisfaction, finger range of motion, grip strength, or quality of life. There was a trend versus better satisfaction with hand appearance ( p = 0.06), but longer sick leave ( p < 0.001) and more complications ( p = 0.02) in the operative group. Level of evidence: Level 2
A Pilot Study Examining Patient Attitudes and Intentions to Adopt Assistive Technologies Into Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management
Authors: Dobson Kathleen G. , Hall Peter 
Published: November 2014

Background: Approximately half of individuals living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have suboptimal self-management, which could be improved by using assistive technologies in self-management regimes. This study examines patient attitudes and intentions to adopt assistive technologies into T2DM self-management. Methods: Forty-four participants ( M = 58.7 years) with T2DM were recruited from diabetes education classes in the southwestern Ontario, Canada, between February and April 2014. Participants completed a self-reported in-person survey assessing demographic characteristics, current diabetes management, and attitudes toward using assistive technologies in their diabetes self-management. Demographics, disease characteristics, and current technology use and preferences of the cohort were examined, followed by a correlational analysis of descriptive characteristics and attitudes and intentions to use technology in self-management. Results: The majority of (but not all) participants felt that using Internet applications (65%) and smartphone (53.5%) applications for self-management was a good idea. The majority of participants did not currently use an Internet (92.5%) or mobile (96%) application for self-management. Of participants, 77% intended to use an Internet application to manage their diabetes in the future and 58% intended to use mobile applications. Younger age was associated with more positive attitudes ( r = –.432, P = .003) and intentions ( r = –.425, P = .005) to use assistive technologies in diabetes self-management. Conclusions: Findings suggest that patients, especially those younger in age, are favorable toward adopting assistive technologies into management practice. However, attitudes among older adults are less positive, and few currently make use of such technologies in any age group.
Identification of a new dysfunctional platelet P2Y12 receptor variant associated with bleeding diathesis
Authors: Lecchi Anna , Razzari Cristina , Paoletta Silvia , Dupuis Arnaud , Nakamura Lea , Ohlmann Philippe , Gachet Christian , Jacobson Kenneth A. , Zieger Barbara , Cattaneo Marco 
Published: November 2014

Key Points
Two patients with bleeding diathesis had dysfunctional platelet P2Y12R for ADP, attributable to homozygous His187Gln mutation. These studies delineate a region of transmembrane 5 of P2Y12R that is required for normal function after ADP binding.
The role of FDG-PET in defining prognosis of Hodgkin lymphoma for early-stage disease
Authors: Evens Andrew M. , Kostakoglu Lale 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Given the excellent survival rates for early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), the young age of many patients, and concerns regarding acute and late treatment-related toxicities, there is a desire to have a predictive tool that enables therapy to be tailored toward the individual patient. Early (or interim) 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computerized tomography (FDG-PET/CT), as a test of tumor sensitivity to ongoing/planned therapy, has been shown to be prognostic for survival in HL. Based on results of interim FDG-PET/CT, therapy may be subsequently modified through minimization or via intensification for low- and high-risk patient populations, respectively (ie, response-adapted therapy). Important data have been generated to standardize the interpretability and reproducibility of interim FDG-PET/CT (eg, the Deauville 5-point system), and observational and noncontrolled prospective studies have produced evidence supporting the hypothesis that response-adapted therapy may potentially serve as a predictive tool. Furthermore, results from noninferiority phase 3 clinical trials randomizing early-stage HL patients with negative interim FDG-PET/CT to combined modality therapy versus chemotherapy alone have been reported. The current collective findings from these randomized early-stage HL studies have shown that acute relapse rates are lower with combined modality therapy, even in patients with negative interim FDG-PET/CT. Additional randomized response-adapted studies are ongoing and novel FDG-PET/CT applications involving quantitative techniques and innovative imaging modalities are being investigated to identify more robust imaging biomarkers. Treatment of early-stage HL remains a clinical management choice for physicians and patients to make with consideration of acute and long-term outcomes.
Current survivorship recommendations for patients with Hodgkin lymphoma: focus on late effects
Authors: Ng Andrea K. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractLong-term survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are at an increased risk for a range of late complications, with subsequent malignant neoplasm and cardiovascular disease representing the 2 leading causes of death in these patients. Raising awareness, close follow-up, and adoption of selected early-detection and risk-reduction strategies may help to reduce the adverse impact of these late effects on patients. This chapter reviews known long-term complications of HL therapy, risk factors, and the timing of their occurrence. Where available, data on the efficacy of screening for selected late effects of HL are presented. Current evidence-based and consensus-based recommendations on follow-up of long-term HL survivors are also reviewed. As HL therapy evolves over time, late effects and implications on follow-up of patients treated in the contemporary era should be considered and opportunities for future research should be explored.
Mer tyrosine kinase promotes the survival of t(1;19)-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the central nervous system (CNS)
Authors: Krause Sarah , Pfeiffer Christian , Strube Susanne , Alsadeq Ameera , Fedders Henning , Vokuhl Christian , Loges Sonja , Waizenegger Jonas , Ben-Batalla Isabel , Cario Gunnar , Möricke Anja , Stanulla Martin , Schrappe Martin , Schewe Denis M. 
Published: November 2014

Key Points
Mer mediates quiescence and chemotherapy resistance in a CNS coculture model and causes CNS infiltration in immunodeficient mice. Mer expression correlates with CNS positivity upon initial diagnosis in t(1;19)-positive pediatric ALL patients.
Histone deacetylase inhibition regulates inflammation and enhances Tregs after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in humans
Authors: Choi Sung Won , Gatza Erin , Hou Guoqing , Sun Yaping , Whitfield Joel , Song Yeohan , Oravecz-Wilson Katherine , Tawara Isao , Dinarello Charles A. , Reddy Pavan 
Published: November 2014

Key Points
HDAC inhibition reduced proinflammatory cytokines and increased regulatory T-cell number and function after allo-HCT. HDAC inhibition enhanced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 acetylation and induced indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase after allo-HCT.
Common fixed point theorems for generalized expansive mappings in partial b-metric spaces and an application
Authors: Zhu Chuanxi , Xu Wenqing , Chen Chunfang , Zhang Xiaozhi 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In this paper, we first introduce the concepts of generalized

(
ψ
,
f
)

λ

-expansive mappings and generalized

(
ϕ
,
g
,
h
)

λ

-weakly expansive mappings designed for three mappings. Then we establish some common fixed point results for such two new types of mappings in partial b-metric spaces. These results generalize and extend the main results of Karapınar et al. (J. Inequal. Appl. 2014:22, 2014), Nashine et al. (Fixed Point Theory Appl. 2013:203, 2013) and many comparable results from the current literature. Moreover, some examples and an application to a system of integral equations are given here to illustrate the usability of the obtained results.

MSC:47H10, 54H25.
Sparse reconstruction for direction-of-arrival estimation using multi-frequency co-prime arrays
Authors: BouDaher Elie , Ahmad Fauzia , Amin Moeness G 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn this paper, multi-frequency co-prime arrays are employed to perform direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation with enhanced degrees of freedom (DOFs). Operation at multiple frequencies creates additional virtual elements in the difference co-array of the co-prime array corresponding to the reference frequency. Sparse reconstruction is then used to fully exploit the enhanced DOFs offered by the multi-frequency co-array, thereby increasing the number of resolvable sources. For the case where the sources have proportional spectra, the received signal vectors at the different frequencies are combined to form an equivalent single measurement vector model corresponding to the multi-frequency co-array. When the sources have nonproportional spectra, a group sparsity-based reconstruction approach is used to determine the direction of signal arrivals. Performance evaluation of the proposed multi-frequency approach is performed using numerical simulations for both cases of proportional and nonproportional source spectra.
Assessment of burnout in veterinary medical students using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educational Survey: a survey during two semesters
Authors: Chigerwe Munashe , Boudreaux Karen A , Ilkiw Jan E 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackgroundBurnout among veterinary students can result from known stressors in the absence of a support system. The objectives of this study were to evaluate use of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educator Survey (MBI-ES) to assess burnout in veterinary students and evaluate the factors that predict the MBI-ES scores.MethodsThe MBI-ES was administered to first (Class of 2016) and second year (Class of 2015) veterinary medical students during the 2012-2013 academic year in the fall and spring semesters. Factor analysis and test reliability for the survey were determined. Mean scores for the subscales determining burnout namely emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP) and lack of personal accomplishment (PA) were calculated for both classes in the 2 semesters. Multiple regression analysis was performed to evaluate other factors that predict the MBI-ES scores.ResultsA non-probability sampling method was implemented consisting of a voluntary sample of 170 and 123 students in the fall and spring semesters, respectively. Scores for EE, DP and PA were not different between the 2 classes within the same semester. Mean ± SD scores for EE, DP and PA for the fall semester were 22.9 ± 9.6, 5.0 ± 4.8 and 32.3 ± 6.7, respectively. Mean ± SD scores for EE, DP and PA the spring semester were 27.8 ± 10.7, 6.5 ± 6.1and 31.7 ± 6.8, respectively. The EE score was higher in spring compared to fall while DP and PA scores were not different between the 2 semesters. Living arrangements specifically as to whether or not a student lived with another veterinary medical students was the only variable significantly associated with the MBI-ES scores. Students in this study had moderate levels of burnout based on the MBI-ES scores.ConclusionsThe MBI-ES was an acceptable instrument for assessing burnout in veterinary medical students. The EE scores were higher in the spring semester as compared to the fall semester. Thus students in the first and second years of veterinary school under the current curriculum experience the greatest levels of emotional exhaustion during the spring semester. This has administrative implications for the school, when considering the allocation and use of resources for student support systems during each semester.
Systematic identification and quantification of phase variation in commensal and pathogenic Escherichia coli
Authors: Goldberg Amir , Fridman Ofer , Ronin Irine , Balaban Nathalie Q 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBacteria have been shown to generate constant genetic variation in a process termed phase variation. We present a tool based on whole genome sequencing that allows detection and quantification of coexisting genotypes mediated by genomic inversions in bacterial cultures. We tested our method on widely used strains of Escherichia coli, and detected stable and reproducible phase variation in several invertible loci. These are shown here to be responsible for maintaining constant variation in populations grown from a single colony. Applying this tool on other bacterial strains can shed light on how pathogens adjust to hostile environments by diversifying their genomes.
Next generation sequencing analysis of nine Corynebacterium ulcerans isolates reveals zoonotic transmission and a novel putative diphtheria toxin-encoding pathogenicity island
Authors: Meinel Dominik M , Margos Gabriele , Konrad Regina , Krebs Stefan , Blum Helmut , Sing Andreas 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Background
Toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans can cause a diphtheria-like illness in humans and have been found in domestic animals, which were suspected to serve as reservoirs for a zoonotic transmission. Additionally, toxigenic C. ulcerans were reported to take over the leading role in causing diphtheria in the last years in many industrialized countries.

Methods
To gain deeper insights into the tox gene locus and to understand the transmission pathway in detail, we analyzed nine isolates derived from human patients and their domestic animals applying next generation sequencing and comparative genomics.

Results
We provide molecular evidence for zoonotic transmission of C. ulcerans in four cases and demonstrate the superior resolution of next generation sequencing compared to multi-locus sequence typing for epidemiologic research. Additionally, we provide evidence that the virulence of C. ulcerans can change rapidly by acquisition of novel virulence genes. This mechanism is exemplified by an isolate which acquired a prophage not present in the corresponding isolate from the domestic animal. This prophage contains a putative novel virulence factor, which shares high identity with the RhuM virulence factor from Salmonella enterica but which is unknown in Corynebacteria so far. Furthermore, we identified a putative pathogenicity island for C. ulcerans bearing a diphtheria toxin gene.

Conclusion
The novel putative diphtheria toxin pathogenicity island could provide a new and alternative pathway for Corynebacteria to acquire a functional diphtheria toxin-encoding gene by horizontal gene transfer, distinct from the previously well characterized phage infection model. The novel transmission pathway might explain the unexpectedly high number of toxigenic C. ulcerans.