bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in intergenerational care in European welfare states
Authors: HABERKERN KLAUS , SCHMID TINA , SZYDLIK MARC 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTElderly people with functional limitations are predominantly cared for by family members. Women – spouses and daughters – provide most of this care work. In principle, gender inequality in intergenerational care may have three causes: first, daughters and sons have different resources to provide care; second, daughters and sons respond differently to the same resources; third, welfare state programmes and cultural norms affect daughters and sons differently. In this paper, we address the empirical question whether these three assumed causes are in fact responsible for gender differences in intergenerational care. The empirical analyses, based on the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), reveal that parents in need are in fact more likely to receive care from daughters than from sons. Daughters are more responsive to the needs of their parents than sons and respond differently to the same resources. Gender inequality is highest in countries with a high level of intergenerational care, high public spending on old-age cash-benefits, a low provision of professional care services, high family obligation norms and a high level of gendered division of labour. Welfare state programmes reduce or increase gender inequality in intergenerational care by reducing or increasing the engagement of daughters in intergenerational care. In general, care-giving by sons is hardly influenced by social care policies.
The Native as Exemplum: Missionary Writings and Colonial Complexities in Eastern Indonesia, 1819–1860
Authors: Hägerdal Hans 
Published: September 2013

In the year 1819, three years after the British return of the East Indies to the Netherlands, a young man of twenty arrived to Kupang, a port on the coast of West Timor. Kupang was by no means a large place but it was the centre of Dutch colonial power over this part of Indonesia, and its administration monitored the various islands that the Netherlands laid claim to: Solor, Alor, Rote, Savu, and others. This task was made the more difficult since some of these places were also claimed by Portugal, which maintained a colonial governor in Dili, in the eastern part of Timor. The last serious conflict between the two colonial powers had occurred the previous year when the little harbour Atapupu was forcibly occupied by the Dutch resident. The tempests of the Age of Napoleon had been severely felt in Timor, whose inhabitants were located at the extremities of the colonial claims of the warring parties. Britons, Dutchmen, and Portuguese had fought or intrigued for the resources of an island that was neither the richest nor the most accessible in the island world of Southeast Asia—rather the opposite.The name of the young man was Reint Le Bruyn. Born in Zutphen, Le Bruyn had spent his early years as a child labourer in a textile factory. Coming from relatively destitute conditions, he had nevertheless picked up some education, and in 1818 he signed up for the Nederlandsch Zendeling-Genootschap (NZG), the Dutch Missionary Society. This society, the first among about fifteen to concentrate on the East Indies, had been established in 1797 by a missionary who later worked in South Africa. It was modelled on the London Missionary Society which was founded two years earlier. Societies of this kind emerged as part of the wave of rising interest in undertaking missionary activity in non-Western societies, which, interestingly, coincided with the questioning of traditional clerical hierarchy after the outbreak of the French Revolution. Biographical sketches of Le Bruyn's life have typically pointed to his Christian devotion to explain his career choice. However, it could also have been a way for poor men of ability to engage in work that provided a degree of professional recognition that they could not have hoped for at home. Missionaries received scant preparation for their task in Rotterdam; they had little knowledge of the societies that awaited them, and they only learned any substantial Malay, the main language of communication, on arrival in the Indies. Le Bruyn successfully overcame these obstacles and had an eventful career on Timor for the next ten years, to the extent that posterity hailed him as the true pioneer of the Protestant mission in these waters.
Turning Javanese: The Domination of Cuba's Sugar Industry by Java Cane Varieties
Authors: Bosma Ulbe , Curry-Machado Jonathan 
Published: September 2013

By the end of the nineteenth century and beginning of the twentieth, two islands had come to dominate global cane-sugar production. For most of the sixty-year period between 1870 and 1930, around half of the world's internationally traded crop came from Cuba and Java. The two islands had many topographical similarities that made them particularly well suited to the establishment of sugar plantations: both are relatively large islands with fertile soils and semi-tropical climate. They were also situated in regions that had been drawn into the European sphere of influence in the sixteenth century but that had only been lightly exploited before the nineteenth, when they were both well placed to assume leading roles in the satisfaction of the escalating demand for sugar in the industrialising societies of Europe and North America.However, Cuba and Java existed within two very distinct sets of imperial and commercial networks: Spanish and Atlantic, and Dutch and Indian Ocean respectively. As a result of this, while there have been a plethora of studies about cane agriculture and the sugar industry in each of the islands, there has been little effort to compare their histories or explore the interconnections between them. Only recently has a start been made to study systematically the “convergence and divergence” of the sugar industry in the two hemispheres and to compare the differences and similarities to be found in the paths followed by the two islands.Although the sugar industries of Cuba and Java took different directions, these were inextricably linked. While Cuban planters could exploit the availability of large areas of underused land to overcome the relative scarcity of labour, planters in Java took advantage of the relative abundance of labour to maximise yields from the more limited land available to them. As a consequence of this, Javanese planters influenced by the work of Cuban agronomist Álvaro Reynoso paid considerable attention to the development of scientific methods in cane cultivation. Meanwhile, Reynoso's ideas fell on deaf ears in his home island, where most planters ignored the need for a more scientific approach in the fields in favour of technological advances in the sugar factory and what they saw as their immediate commercial interests.
Stimulated Brillouin backscattering of filamented hollow Gaussian beams
Authors: Sharma R.P. , Singh Ram Kishor 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThis paper presents an investigation for excitation of ion acoustic wave and resulting stimulated Brillouin scattering in a collisionless plasma due to presence of a laser beam carrying null intensity at center (hollow Gaussian beam). In presence of ponderomotive nonlinearity, the pump beam get focused and affects the back stimulated Brillouin scattering process. To understand the nature of laser plasma coupling, a paraxial-ray approximation has been invoked for the propagation of the hollow Gaussian beam, ion acoustic wave, and stimulated Brillouin scattering. It is observed from the result that self-focusing and back reflectivity reduces for higher order of hollow Gaussian beam.
Weyl metrisability of two-dimensional projective structures
Authors: METTLER THOMAS 
Published: September 2013

AbstractWe show that on a surface locally every affine torsion-free connection is projectively equivalent to a Weyl connection. First, this is done using exterior differential system theory. Second, this is done by showing that the solutions of the relevant PDE are in one-to-one correspondence with the sections of the ‘twistor’ bundle of conformal inner products having holomorphic image. The second solution allows to use standard results in algebraic geometry to show that the Weyl connections on the two-sphere whose geodesics are the great circles are in one-to-one correspondence with the smooth quadrics without real points in the complex projective plane.
Quality of life of patients with atrial septal defect following percutaneous closure
Authors: Kahya Eren Nihan , Kırdök Ali H. , Kılıçaslan Barış , Kocabaş Uğur , Düzel Barış , Berilgen Rida , Nazli Cem , Ergene Oktay 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIntroductionQuality of life has become an important outcome measure in addition to mortality and morbidity in patients with congenital heart disease. Atrial septal defect is a common congenital heart disease, and transcatheter atrial septal defect closure has become an accepted treatment modality. The aim of this study is to assess the quality of life of patients with atrial septal defect who underwent percutaneous closure.Materials and methodsWe examined the quality of life of 69 patients with atrial septal defect and 69 healthy controls matched according to age, sex, educational level, and economic, marital, and employment status. Quality of life was investigated using the Turkish version of Short Form-36.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 39.7 ± 14.2 and 26% were male. The quality of life assessment was performed at a mean follow-up time of 18.0 ± 13.8 months after the intervention. The mean scores of the domains of the Short Form-36, namely, physical functioning, role functioning, social functioning, mental health, vitality, pain, and general health, were similar in patients with atrial septal defect who underwent percutaneous closure and the control group.ConclusionAdult patients who underwent percutaneous atrial septal defect closure perceive their quality of life to be as good as their healthy counterparts.
Quantum Conductance in Silicon Oxide Resistive Memory Devices
Authors: Mehonic A. , Vrajitoarea A. , Cueff S. , Hudziak S. , Howe H. , Labbé C. , Rizk R. , Pepper M. , Kenyon A. J. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractResistive switching offers a promising route to universal electronic memory, potentially replacing current technologies that are approaching their fundamental limits. In many cases switching originates from the reversible formation and dissolution of nanometre-scale conductive filaments, which constrain the motion of electrons, leading to the quantisation of device conductance into multiples of the fundamental unit of conductance, G0. Such quantum effects appear when the constriction diameter approaches the Fermi wavelength of the electron in the medium – typically several nanometres. Here we find that the conductance of silicon-rich silica (SiOx) resistive switches is quantised in half-integer multiples of G0. In contrast to other resistive switching systems this quantisation is intrinsic to SiOx and is not due to drift of metallic ions. Half-integer quantisation is explained in terms of the filament structure and formation mechanism, which allows us to distinguish between systems that exhibit integer and half-integer quantisation.
Perceptuo-motor, cognitive, and description-based decision-making seem equally good
Authors: Jarvstad Andreas , Hahn Ulrike , Rushton Simon K. , Warren Paul A. 
Published: September 2013

SignificanceHuman decision-making seems fundamentally domain dependent. Sensory-motor decisions (e.g., where to put your feet on a rocky ridge) seem near-optimal, whereas decisions based on numerical information (e.g., choosing between financial options) seem suboptimal. Additionally, when people rely on information gained through experience, they make choices that are often the opposite of those they make when relying on described information. However, comparing results across domains on the basis of past results is difficult, because decision-making is studied very differently in different domains. We compared decision-making performance across domains under precisely matched conditions, finding evidence against the idea that fundamental dissociations exist. In fact, peoples’ ability to make decisions seem rather good, although not perfect, in both sensory-motor and cognitive domains.
Management of fisheries on forage species: the test-bed for ecosystem approaches to fisheries
Authors: Rice Jake , Duplisea Daniel 
Published: September 2013

AbstractRice, J., and Duplisea, D. 2013. Management of fisheries on forage species: the test-bed for ecosystem approaches to fisheries. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 71: . In the 1970s and 1980s, core ideas about management of fisheries on forage species emerged from work on the dynamics of foodweb models and multispecies assessments, leading to proposals for management that took some account of the role of forage species in marine ecosystems. Key developments in those years are summarized in the first part of this paper. From the 1980s to the 2000s, studies of the response of forage species to environmental variation brought into question the robustness of management strategies for forage species. As a result, additional management strategies were proposed to accommodate environmental drivers as well as dependent predators. The paper reviews these developments. This paper brings these separate lines together in a systematic framework for evaluating the performance of six different management strategies for forage species, relative to four different ecosystem considerations, as well as relative to the contribution of forage fisheries to economic prosperity and food security. The tabulated outcomes synthesize primary and secondary literature and meeting deliberations as the application of an ecosystem approach to management has evolved. No strategy is optional for all forage fisheries. As experience accumulates, the guidance in the tables comprising the framework will improve.
CD28 signaling in primary CD4+ T cells: identification of both tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent and phosphorylation-independent pathways
Authors: Ogawa Shuhei , Watanabe Masashi , Sakurai Yuichi , Inutake Yu , Watanabe Shiho , Tai Xuguang , Abe Ryo 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIn addition to TCR signaling, the activation and proliferation of naive T cells require CD28-mediated co-stimulation. Once engaged, CD28 is phosphorylated and can then activate signaling pathways by recruiting molecules to its YMNM motif and two PxxP motifs. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between tyrosine phosphorylation and the co-stimulatory function of CD28 in murine primary CD4+ T cells. Tyrosine phosphorylation is decreased in CD28 where the N-terminal PxxP motif is mutated (nPA). In cells expressing nPA, activation of Akt and functional co-stimulation were decreased. In contrast, where the C-terminal PxxP motif is mutated, tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of the ERK, Akt and NF-κB were intact, but proliferation and IL-2 production were decreased. Using the Y189 to F mutant, we also demonstrated that in naive CD4+ T cells, tyrosine at position 189 in the YMNM motif is critical for both tyrosine phosphorylation and the functional co-stimulatory effects of CD28. This mutation did not affect unfractionated T-cell populations. Overall, our data suggest that CD28 signaling uses tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent and phosphorylation-independent pathways.
Subarcsecond high-sensitivity measurements of the DG Tau jet with e-MERLIN
Authors: Ainsworth Rachael E. , Ray Tom P. , Scaife Anna M. M. , Greaves Jane S. , Beswick Rob J. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
We present very high spatial resolution deep radio continuum observations at 5 GHz (6 cm) made with the extended Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network (e-MERLIN) of the young stars DG Tau A and B. Assuming it is launched very close (≃1 au) from the star, our results suggest that the DG Tau A outflow initially starts as a poorly focused wind and undergoes significant collimation farther along the jet (≃50 au). We derive jet parameters for DG Tau A and find an initial jet opening angle of 86° within 2 au of the source, a mass-loss rate of 1.5 × 10−8 M⊙ yr−1 for the ionized component of the jet, and the total ejection-to-accretion ratio to range from 0.06 to 0.3. These results are in line with predictions from magnetohydrodynamic jet-launching theories.
Intracellular dynamics of archaeal FANCM homologue Hef in response to halted DNA replication
Authors: Lestini Roxane , Laptenok Sergey P. , Kühn Joëlle , Hink Mark A. , Schanne-Klein Marie-Claire , Liebl Ursula , Myllykallio Hannu 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Hef is an archaeal member of the DNA repair endonuclease XPF (XPF)/Crossover junction endonuclease MUS81 (MUS81)/Fanconi anemia, complementation group M (FANCM) protein family that in eukaryotes participates in the restart of stalled DNA replication forks. To investigate the physiological roles of Hef in maintaining genome stability in living archaeal cells, we studied the localization of Hef–green fluorescent protein fusions by fluorescence microscopy. Our studies revealed that Haloferax volcanii Hef proteins formed specific localization foci under regular growth conditions, the number of which specifically increased in response to replication arrest. Purification of the full-length Hef protein from its native host revealed that it forms a stable homodimer in solution, with a peculiar elongated configuration. Altogether our data indicate that the shape of Hef, significant physicochemical constraints and/or interactions with DNA limit the apparent cytosolic diffusion of halophilic DNA replication/repair complexes, and demonstrate that Hef proteins are dynamically recruited to archaeal eukaryotic-like chromatin to counteract DNA replication stress. We suggest that the evolutionary conserved function of Hef/FANCM proteins is to enhance replication fork stability by directly interacting with collapsed replication forks.
The Importance of Size and Disorder in the Cryoprotective Effects of Dehydrins
Authors: Hughes Stephanie L. , Schart Verena , Malcolmson Janet , Hogarth Kaley A. , Martynowicz David M. , Tralman-Baker Erik , Patel Shruti N. , Graether Steffen P. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractDehydrins protect plant proteins and membranes from damage during drought and cold. Vitis riparia K2 is a 48-residue protein that can protect lactate dehydrogenase from freeze-thaw damage by preventing the aggregation and denaturation of the enzyme. To further elucidate its mechanism, we used a series of V. riparia K2 concatemers (K4, K6, K8, and K10) and natural dehydrins (V. riparia YSK2, 60 kilodalton peach dehydrin [PCA60], barley dehydrin5 [Dhn5], Thellungiella salsuginea dehydrin2 [TsDHN-2], and Opuntia streptacantha dehydrin1 [OpsDHN-1]) to test the effect of the number of K-segments and dehydrin size on their ability to protect lactate dehydrogenase from freeze-thaw damage. The results show that the larger the hydrodynamic radius of the dehydrin, the more effective the cryoprotection. A similar trend is observed with polyethylene glycol, which would suggest that the protection is simply a nonspecific volume exclusion effect that can be manifested by any protein. However, structured proteins of a similar range of sizes did not show the same pattern and level of cryoprotection. Our results suggest that with respect to enzyme protection, dehydrins function primarily as molecular shields and that their intrinsic disorder is required for them to be an effective cryoprotectant. Lastly, we show that the cryoprotection by a dehydrin is not due to any antifreeze protein-like activity, as has been reported previously.
Structures of thePorphyromonas gingivalisOxyR regulatory domain explain differences in expression of the OxyR regulon inEscherichia coliandP. gingivalis
Authors: Svintradze David V. , Peterson Darrell L. , Collazo-Santiago Evys A. , Lewis Janina P. , Wright H. Tonie 
Published: September 2013

OxyR transcriptionally regulatesEscherichia colioxidative stress response genes through a reversibly reducible cysteine disulfide biosensor of cellular redox status. Structural changes induced by redox changes in these cysteines are conformationally transmitted to the dimer subunit interfaces, which alters dimer and tetramer interactions with DNA. In contrast toE. coliOxyR regulatory-domain structures, crystal structures ofPorphyromonas gingivalisOxyR regulatory domains show minimal differences in dimer configuration on changes in cysteine disulfide redox status. This locked configuration of theP. gingivalisOxyR regulatory-domain dimer closely resembles the oxidized (activating) form of theE. coliOxyR regulatory-domain dimer. It correlates with the observed constitutive activation of some oxidative stress genes inP. gingivalisand is attributable to a single amino-acid insertion inP. gingivalisOxyR relative toE. coliOxyR. Modelling of full-lengthP. gingivalis,E. coliandNeisseria meningitidisOxyR–DNA complexes predicts different modes of DNA binding for the reduced and oxidized forms of each.
Thirty years of disability psychotherapy, a paradigm shift?
Authors: Frankish Pat 
Published: September 2013

Purpose
– This paper charts the development and practice of disability psychotherapy for the author and for services.

Design/methodology/approach
– A personal account relating events to the development of thinking and practice.

Findings
– The author suggests that a paradigm shift has occurred over the 30 years to a position of “doing with” as opposed to “doing to”.

Originality/value
– This has not previously been put forward as a way of understanding present day services.
The core conflictual relationship theme (CCRT) method: testing with adult offenders who have intellectual and developmental disabilities
Authors: Scott Hackett Simon , Porter Jill , L. Taylor John 
Published: September 2013

Purpose
– The aim of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of using the core conflictual relationship theme (CCRT) method, used to assess relationship patterns and interpersonal schemas, within a small group of men who had intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). The relationship anecdote paradigm interview, with minor adaptation, was used to collect material from participants necessary to generate a CCRT. CCRTs formulated in the study are described and consideration is given to the potential clinical application of CCRT method in this patient group.

Design/methodology/approach
– A small sample of four men with IDD was taken from a medium-low secure forensic service. Initial interviews, necessary to elicit narrative anecdotes for CCRT formulation, were conducted at the start of a psychotherapeutic treatment study. Trained judges completed a CCRT formulation for each participant.

Findings
– Participants in the study were able to provide personal information necessary to formulate a CCRT. Unexpected common themes were shared in participants who had committed contact sexual offences, this differed from a participant with autistic spectrum disorder who had committed a non-contact sexual offence. The CCRT method can be feasibly used in a mild IDD population. The CCRT method is clinically relevant and provides an opportunity for the exploration of clinical micro-theories related to interpersonal schemas found in offenders who have IDD.

Originality/value
– This is the first study, to our knowledge, reporting results of the CCRT method with adults who have mild intellectual disabilities.