bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between tactical behavior and affective decision-making in U-17 youth soccer players
Authors: Santos Rodrigo , Padilha Maickel Bach , Teoldo Israel 
Published: August 2014

PurposeThe aim of this article was to analyze the relationship between tactical behavior and affective decision making of U-17 youth soccer players.MethodsThe sample was comprised of 154 participants meeting the study inclusion criteria. Players played 4-min games on four-person teams (including goalkeeper) on a small-sided soccer field. The System of Tactical Assessment in Soccer (FUT-SAT) was used to determine the defensive tactical actions performed by players according to five different tactical principles. A total of 6140 defensive tactical actions were recorded. Their affective decision-making was measured by a computerized card task, the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT).ResultsSignificant negative correlation was found between players’ learning curve and the incidence of actions based on the principle of concentration. Less impulsive players presented a lower incidence of actions tied with the principle of concentration in comparison with more impulsive players.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that, in the defensive phase, players who are less impulsive decision makers may benefit from more secure and stable defensive styles.
Real-Time Human in the Loop MBS Simulation in the Fraunhofer Robot-Based Driving Simulator
Authors: Kleer Michael , Gizatullin Andrey , Dreßler Klaus , Müller Steffen 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The paper encompasses the overview of hardware architecture and the systems characteristics of the Fraunhofer driving simulator. First, the requirements of the real-time model and the real-time calculation hardware are defined and discussed in detail. Aspects like transport delay and the parallel computation of complex real-time models are presented. In addition, the interfacing of the models with the simulator system is shown. Two simulator driving tests, including a fully interactive rough terrain driving with a wheeled excavator and a test drive with a passenger car, are set to demonstrate system characteristics. Furthermore, the simulator characteristics of practical significance, such as simulator response time delay, simulator acceleration signal bandwidth obtained from artificial excitation and from the simulator driving test, will be presented and discussed.
Drop Test Simulation for An Aircraft Landing Gear Via Multi-Body Approach
Authors: Leo Romeo Di , Fenza Angelo De , Barile Marco , Lecce Leonardo 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
This work deals with the effectiveness of a multi-body approach for the study of the dynamic behavior of a fixed landing gear, especially the research project concerns the drop tests of the AP.68 TP-300 aircraft. First, the Digital Mock-up of the of landing gear system in a C.A.D. software has been created, then the experimental structural stiffness of the leaf spring has been validated using the FEM tools MSC. Patran/Nastran. Finally, the entire model has been imported in MSC.ADAMS environment and, according to the certifying regulations, several multi-body simulations have been performed varying the heights of fall and the weights of the system. The results have shown a good correlation between numerical and experimental tests, thus demonstrating the potential of a multi-body approach. Future development of the present activity will probably be an application of the methodology, herein validated, to other cases for a more extensive validation of its predictive power and development of virtual certification procedures.
Assessment of historical changes (1959-2012) and the causes of recent break-ups of the Petersen ice shelf, Nunavut, Canada
Authors: White Adrienne , Copland Luke , Mueller Derek , Van Wychen Wesley 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAerial photography and satellite imagery of the Petersen ice shelf, Nunavut, Canada, from 1959 to 2012 show that it was stable until June 2005, after which a series of major calving events in the summers of 2005, 2008, 2011 and 2012 resulted in the loss of ∼61% of the June 2005 ice-shelf area. This recent series of calving events was initiated by the loss of extensive regions of ˃50-year-old multi-year landfast sea ice from the front of the ice shelf in summer 2005. Each subsequent calving event has been preceded by open-water conditions and resulting loss of pack-ice pressure across the front of the ice shelf, and most occurred during record warm summers. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) ice thickness measurements and RADARSAT-2 derived observations of surface motion indicate that tributary glaciers provided total ice input of 1.19-5.65 Mta–1 to the ice shelf from 2011 to 2012, far below the mean surface loss rate of 28.45 Mta–1. With recent losses due to calving and little evidence for current basal freeze-on, this suggests that the Petersen ice shelf will no longer exist by the 2040s, or sooner if further major calving events occur.
The protein corona protects against size- and dose-dependent toxicity of amorphous silica nanoparticles
Authors: Docter Dominic , Bantz Christoph , Westmeier Dana , Galla Hajo J , Wang Qiangbin , Kirkpatrick James C , Nielsen Peter , Maskos Michael , Stauber Roland H 
Published: August 2014

Besides the lung and skin, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is one of the main targets for accidental exposure or biomedical applications of nanoparticles (NP). Biological responses to NP, including nanotoxicology, are caused by the interaction of the NP with cellular membranes and/or cellular entry. Here, the physico-chemical characteristics of NP are widely discussed as critical determinants, albeit the exact mechanisms remain to be resolved. Moreover, proteins associate with NP in physiological fluids, forming the protein corona potentially transforming the biological identity of the particle and thus, adding an additional level of complexity for the bio–nano responses.Here, we employed amorphous silica nanoparticles (ASP) and epithelial GI tract Caco-2 cells as a model to study the biological impact of particle size as well as of the protein corona. Caco-2 or mucus-producing HT-29 cells were exposed to thoroughly characterized, negatively charged ASP of different size in the absence or presence of proteins. Comprehensive experimental approaches, such as quantifying cellular metabolic activity, microscopic observation of cell morphology, and high-throughput cell analysis revealed a dose- and time-dependent toxicity primarily upon exposure with ASP30 (Ø = 30 nm). Albeit smaller (ASP20, Ø = 20 nm) or larger particles (ASP100; Ø = 100 nm) showed a similar zeta potential, they both displayed only low toxicity. Importantly, the adverse effects triggered by ASP30/ASP30L were significantly ameliorated upon formation of the protein corona, which we found was efficiently established on all ASP studied. As a potential explanation, corona formation reduced ASP30 cellular uptake, which was however not significantly affected by ASP surface charge in our model. Collectively, our study uncovers an impact of ASP size as well as of the protein corona on cellular toxicity, which might be relevant for processes at the nano–bio interface in general.
The influence of developmental days on body size and allometry of head width in maleLoxoblemmus angulatus(Orthoptera: Gryllidae)
Authors: He Zhuqing , Takeda Makio 
Published: August 2014

AbstractMale crickets belonging to the genusLoxoblemmusSaussure (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) often exhibit exaggerated facial structures with characteristic projections. Whether these structures are stable within a single species is not certified. We collectedLoxoblemmus angulatusBey-Bienko and reared the second generation under 16:8, 14:10, and 12:12 light:dark photoperiods. Body morphology of adults was measured and development days were recorded. The results showed that short daytime photoperiod made them develop slowly. Males became larger after longer developmental days. Head width was wider in males and horns on head were more exaggerated in large individuals than in small ones. Head width was allometric against pronotum width. Our study shows that the male head morphology inL. angulatusis strongly influenced by development days and it is not suitable as taxonomic characters.
Concussion Knowledge in High School Football Players
Authors: Cournoyer Janie , Tripp Brady L. 
Published: August 2014

Context:
Participating in sports while experiencing symptoms of a concussion can be dangerous. An athlete's lack of knowledge may be one factor influencing his or her decision to report symptoms. In an effort to enhance concussion education among high school athletes, legislation in Florida has attempted to address the issue through parental consent forms.

Objective:
To survey high school varsity football players to determine their level of knowledge about concussions after the initiation of new concussion-education legislation.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Setting:
Descriptive survey administered in person during a team meeting.

Patients or Other Participants:
A total of 334 varsity football players from 11 high schools in Florida.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Participants completed a survey and identified the symptoms and consequences of a concussion among distractors. They also indicated whether they had received education about concussions from a parent, formal education, neither, or both.

Results:
The most correctly identified symptoms were headache (97%), dizziness (93%), and confusion (90%), and the most correctly identified consequence was persistent headache (93%). Participants reported receiving education from their parents (54%) or from a formal source (60%). Twenty-five percent reported never receiving any education regarding concussions. No correlations were found between the method of education and the knowledge of symptoms or consequences of concussion.

Conclusions:
The high school football players we surveyed did not have appropriate knowledge of the symptoms and consequences of concussions. Nausea or vomiting, neck pain, grogginess, difficulty concentrating, and personality or behavioral changes were often missed by participants, and only a small proportion correctly identified brain hemorrhage, coma, and death as possible consequences of inappropriate care after a concussion. Even with parents or guardians signing a consent form indicating they discussed concussion awareness with their child, 46% of athletes suggested they had not.
Child Development and Pediatric Sport and Recreational Injuries by Age
Authors: Schwebel David C. , Brezausek Carl M. 
Published: August 2014

Context:
In 2010, 8.6 million children were treated for unintentional injuries in American emergency departments. Child engagement in sports and recreation offers many health benefits but also exposure to injury risks. In this analysis, we consider possible developmental risk factors in a review of age, sex, and incidence of 39 sport and recreational injuries.

Objective:
To assess (1) how the incidence of 39 sport and recreational injuries changed through each year of child and adolescent development, ages 1 to 18 years, and (2) sex differences.

Design
Descriptive epidemiology study.

Setting:
Emergency department visits across the United States, as reported in the 2001–2008 National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database.

Patients or Other Participants:
Data represent population-wide emergency department visits in the United States.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Pediatric sport- and recreation-related injuries requiring treatment in hospital emergency departments.

Results:
Almost 37 pediatric sport or recreational injuries are treated hourly in the United States. The incidence of sport- and recreation-related injuries peaks at widely different ages. Team-sport injuries tend to peak in the middle teen years, playground injuries peak in the early elementary ages and then drop off slowly, and bicycling injuries peak in the preteen years but are a common cause of injury throughout childhood and adolescence. Bowling injuries peaked at the earliest age (4 years), and injuries linked to camping and personal watercraft peaked at the oldest age (18 years). The 5 most common causes of sport and recreational injuries across development, in order, were basketball, football, bicycling, playgrounds, and soccer. Sex disparities were common in the incidence of pediatric sport and recreational injuries.

Conclusions:
Both biological and sociocultural factors likely influence the developmental aspects of pediatric sport and recreational injury risk. Biologically, changes in perception, cognition, and motor control might influence injury risk. Socioculturally, decisions must be made about which sport and recreational activities to engage in and how much risk taking occurs while engaging in those activities. Understanding the developmental aspects of injury data trends allows preventionists to target education at specific groups.
Not Just “A Walking the Dog”: Dog Walking and Pet Play and Their Association with Recommended Physical Activity among Adolescents
Authors: Martin Karen E. , Wood Lisa , Christian Hayley , Trapp Georgina S. A. 
Published: August 2014

Purpose. To examine the role of pet play and dog walking in children's and adolescents' leisure time, and the relationship between these activities and physical activity. Design. The study design was observational. Setting. The study setting was metropolitan Perth and nonmetropolitan regions in Western Australia. Subjects. The study included 1097 primary school (mean age, 10.1 years; SD, 1.6 years) and 657 secondary school (mean age, 14.0 years; SD, 1.3 years) students. Measures. Validated measures of total physical activity, dog walking, and pet play activity (prevalence and time) were calculated. Analysis. Generalized linear models tested for differences between proportions, while adjusting for socioeconomic status, age, and school-level clustering. Results. Approximately one third of primary school and one quarter of secondary school students reported that they walked the dog at least once in the last week. Pet play was the most common play activity for primary and secondary school girls, and the second and third most popular play activity for secondary and primary school boys, respectively. Secondary school students who walked the dog or played with pets spent an average of 1 hour per week on each activity, and they were significantly more likely (p < .005) to meet national physical activity recommendations than secondary school students not reporting these activities. Conclusion. Given the significant proportion of young people who frequently engage in dog walking and pet play, and the high level of pet ownership in many Western countries, promotion of these activities to support young people's health is warranted.
Verdis Opern und der Risorgimento
Authors: Walter Michael 
Published: August 2014

The thourough analysis of historical sources from the beginning of the year 1859 shows that the famous acrostic VIVA VERDI was not only widely known in Italy but also throughout Europe. However, it was not associated with any political activities of the composer Giuseppe Verdi. The reason is that Verdi’s operas already during the revolutionary months of 1848 were not understood as political ‘Risorgimento’ operas. The causes for political demonstrations during performances of Verdi’s operas were either coincidentally or provoked by political circumstances which were independent of the operas. Verdi’s operas were, in any case, not the causes of spontaneous patriotic emotions.
Cratylia argentea: UN ARBUSTO FORRAJERO POTENCIAL EN SISTEMAS SILVOPASTORILES. RENDIMIENTO Y CALIDAD DE ACCESIONES SEGÚN LAS EDADES DE REBROTE Y ESTACIONES CLIMÁTICAS
Authors: Valles-De la Mora Braulio , Castillo-Gallegos Epigmenio , Ocaña-Zavaleta Eliazar , Jarillo-Rodríguez Jesús 
Published: August 2014

En los sistemas silvopastoriles, las leguminosas arbustivas de alta calidad nutricional representan una alternativa para la escasez de pastos en periodos secos del año. En este estudio se evaluó el efecto de diferentes edades de rebrote (6, 9, 12 y 15 semanas) en tres épocas del año (lluvia, invierno y seca, 2007-2008) de cuatro accesiones de Cratylia argentea (18516, 18666, 18668 y 18676) en Veracruz, México, para el rendimiento de materia seca (RMS), fibra en detergente neutro (FDN), fibra en detergente ácido (FDA), lignina (Lig), proteína cruda (PC) y degradación in situ de MS (DISMS). El rendimiento de materia seca (RMS) (media ± error estándar) fue afectado por la época y la edad de rebrote, pero no se encontró efecto por la accesión o sus interacciones. El mayor RMS se logró en la temporada de secas (3632 ± 306 kg·ha-1), lo que representó 45 % del rendimiento del forraje total, seguido por la temporada de lluvias (33 %, 2615 ± 188 kg·ha-1) y la temporada de invierno (22 %, 1733 ± 61 kg·ha-1). Se encontraron efectos significativos en la edad de rebrote en las tres épocas para FDN, FDA, Lig y PC. La mayor DISMS ocurrió en las temporadas de lluvias y secas promediando 66 y 65 %, respectivamente, después de 72 h de incubación. La temporada de secas fue el mejor período para RMS y DISMS. Estos resultados sugieren que C. argentea es una fuente confiable de forraje para sistemas silvopastoriles.
ZONIFICACIÓN ALTITUDINAL PROVISIONAL DE Abies religiosa EN UN ÁREA CERCANA A LA RESERVA DE LA BIÓSFERA DE LA MARIPOSA MONARCA, MICHOACÁN
Authors: Castellanos-Acuña Dante , Lindig-Cisneros Roberto A. , Silva-Farias Miguel Á. , Sáenz-Romero Cuauhtémoc 
Published: August 2014

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la existencia de diferenciación morfológica (como indicador de variación genética) entre poblaciones de Abies religiosa, con la finalidad de delimitar una zonificación altitudinal para decidir el movimiento de semillas en los programas de reforestación. Se recolectaron y analizaron morfológicamente ramas y conos de 11 individuos de 15 poblaciones de A. religiosa en el cerro de San Andrés, municipio de Hidalgo, Michoacán (cercano a la Reserva de la Biósfera de la Mariposa Monarca), a lo largo de un transecto altitudinal (2,850-3,550 m, una población cada 50 m). La diferenciación morfológica significativa entre poblaciones se determinó a lo largo del gradiente altitudinal; las poblaciones de baja altitud tienen acículas más cortas y conos más largos que las poblaciones de elevada altitud. Se sugiere delimitar tres zonas altitudinales provisionales: 2,800 a 3,050; 3,050 a 3,300; y 3,300 a 3,550 m. Ignorando el cambio climático, se sugiere reforestar cada zona con planta originada de la semilla en la misma zona. Considerando el cambio climático, se sugiere realizar migración asistida altitudinalmente, plantando sitios en la zona inmediata superior a la zona donde la semilla se recolecte.
AISLAMIENTO E IDENTIFICACIÓN DE ESTEROLES DE UNA CEPA COMERCIAL DE Pleurotus sp.
Authors: Márquez-Fernández Olivia , Juárez Pacheco Luis Á. , Trigos Ángel 
Published: August 2014

Cinco compuestos de una cepa comercial del hongo Pleurotus sp. se obtuvieron a partir de extracciones con acetato de etilo y metanol. Los compuestos se aislaron por medio de técnicas como la cromatografía en columna y en capa fina. Los siguientes esteroles fueron identificados mediante espectroscopía RMN 1H: 1) ergosta-5, 7, 22-trien-3β-ol (ergosterol), 2) 5α, 8α-epidioxi-22E-ergosta-6, 22-dien-3β-ol (peróxido de ergosterol), 3) 3β, 5α, 6β, 9α-tetrahidroxiergosta-7, 22-dieno, 4) 3β, 5α, 6β, 9α-tetrahydroxyergosta-7, 22-dien y 5) 3β, 5α, 9α-trihidroxiergosta-7, 22-dien-6-ona.
Robust Control for Fuzzy Nonlinear Uncertain Systems with Discrete and Distributed Time Delays
Authors: Sakthivel Rathinasamy , Vadivel Ponnusamy , Mathiyalagan Kalidass , Park Ju H. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
This paper addresses the problem of stability and stabilization issue for a class of fuzzy nonlinear uncertain systems with discrete and distributed time delays. By utilizing a new Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional together with free weighting matrix approach, a new set of delay-dependent sufficient conditions are derived which makes the closed loop system robustly asymptotically stable. In particular, the parameter uncertainties are assumed to be norm bounded. Further, a state feedback controller is proposed to guarantee the robust stabilization for uncertain systems and subsequently the controller is constructed in terms of the solution to a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMI). The derived conditions are expressed in the form of linear matrix inequalities which can be efficiently solved via standard LMI toolbox. Further, two numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and less conservatism of the obtained results.
Spin-Hamiltonian Parameters of Gd3+ Ion in the Room Temperature Tetragonal Phase of BaTiO3
Authors: Yang Wei-Qing , Zheng Wen-Chen 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The spin-Hamiltonian parameters (g factors g||, g⊥, and zero-field splittings b0
2 , b0
4 , b4
4 , b0
6 , b4
6 ) of the 4f7 Gd3+ ion in the tetragonal phase of a BaTiO3 crystal are calculated through the diagonalization (of energy matrix) method based on the one-electron crystal field mechanism. In the calculations, the crystal field parameters are estimated from the superposition model with the structural data of the studied crystal. It is found that by using three adjustable intrinsic parameters Āk(R0) (k=2, 4, 6) in the superposition model, the seven calculated spin-Hamiltonian parameters are in good agreement with the experimental values, suggesting that the diagonalization method based on one-electron crystal field mechanism is effective in the studies of spin-Hamiltonian parameters for 4f7 ions in crystals.
Patient characteristics upon initial presentation to chiropractic teaching clinics: A descriptive study conducted at one university
Authors: Kaeser Martha A. , Hawk Cheryl , Anderson Michelle 
Published: August 2014

Objective
The purpose of this study was to compare demographics and chief complaints of the new patient population at our institution's fee-for-service clinics to the patient population of practicing chiropractors in the United States. We also compared the prevalence of obesity and hypertension to reference standards for the adult population.

Methods
Patient data were obtained from the electronic health records. All records identified as new patients during October 2013 were included. Variables of interest were clinic site, patient demographics, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), chief complaint, and ICD-9 codes. Descriptive statistics were computed and compared to reference standards from previous reports.

Results
During October 2013, there were 224 new patients that entered the clinics. The average patient was a 31- to 50-year-old white male. Our clinic patients differed from those seen by US chiropractors in the distribution of all demographic variables. For adult patients, 31.4% were overweight, 29% were obese, and 8% stage 1 or 2 hypertension.

Conclusion
New patients in the fee-for-service teaching clinics appear to be dissimilar to those of US practicing chiropractors in several important demographics, characteristics, and types of complaints. The new patients had lower levels of overweight, obesity, and hypertension compared to US reference standards.