bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of IgE-Dependent Allergic Diseases in Elderly Patients in Poland
Authors: Bozek Andrzej , Jarzab Jerzy 
Published: October 2013

Background There is a growing allergy problem in elderly patients. The epidemiology of atopic bronchial asthma (BA), allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis (AD) was analyzed in an elderly Polish population. Methods Subject recruitment was conducted at 16 sites representative of Polish rural and urban areas, and 7124 subjects, including 4176 women with a mean age of 67.5 ± 84.9 years and 2948 men with a mean age of 66.1 ± 7.2 years, were screened. Medical examinations, an original questionnaire, skin-prick testing (SPT) with common aeroallergens, and appropriate serum-specific IgE assays were performed. Results Suspicion of atopy was diagnosed in 1900 of the 7124 analyzed patients (26.7%), including 1117 women (26.7% of women) and 783 men (26.6% of men). The average morbidity associated with age and sex in this population was 5.9% (95% CI, 5.1–6.4) for BA, 1.6% (95% CI, 15.9–19.3) for AD/eczema, 12.6% (95% CI, 10.8–14.6) for seasonal allergic rhinitis, 17.1% (95% CI, 15.9–19.7) for perennial allergic rhinitis, and 6.4% (95% CI, 5.1–7.3) for polymorphous atopic disease. The most frequent positive results were recorded for the following allergens: mixed grass, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, and Alternaria. Conclusion This study confirms the high prevalence of allergic rhinitis and BA in elderly Polish patients. These findings are comparable with those involving groups of younger individuals with allergies.
Accumulation of Effector Memory CD8+ T Cells in Nasal Polyps
Authors: Pant Harshita , Hughes Amy , Miljkovic Dijana , Schembri Mark , Wormald Peter , Macardle Peta , Grose Randall , Zola Heddy , Krumbiegel Doreen 
Published: October 2013

Background T lymphocytes are prevalent in sinus mucosa and are implicated in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) pathogenesis. However, the major T-cell subpopulations, helper (CD4+) and cytotoxic (CD8+), have not been adequately examined in CRS. This study was designed to characterize human sinus mucosa and peripheral blood (PB) CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and their level of differentiation in CRS with nasal polyps (NPs), CRS without NPs, and control patients. Methods A prospective study was performed. Percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and their levels of differentiation were analyzed in sinus mucosa and PB by flow cytometry. Cell populations were defined as naive, central memory, effector memory, and effector T cells using cell surface markers CD45RA, CD62L, and CD27. The influence of coexisting allergy, sinus eosinophilic mucus (EM), and culture results were examined. Results In all patients, sinus mucosa had a lower percentage of CD4+ and a higher percentage of CD8+ T cells compared with PB. However, CRS with NPs (n = 86) had a significantly higher percentage of mucosal CD8+ T cells compared with CRS without NPs (n = 40) in control (n = 13) patients (p < 0.0001). Effector memory T cells were increased in sinuses compared with PB in all patients; however, the percentage of effector memory CD8+ T cells was greatest in CRS with NP mucosa (p = 0.002). Surprisingly coexisting allergy or culture results did not influence the mucosal T-cell phenotype. CRS with NP patients with sinus EM had a significantly higher percentage of mucosal CD8+ T cells. Conclusion Sinus mucosa in CRS with NPs is characterized by a significant enrichment of CD8+ T cells and a relative deficiency of CD4+ T cells. The majority of NP CD8+ T cells had a terminally differentiated, mature, effector memory phenotype, which raises the question, whether these cells are pathogenic or appear as a consequence of inflammation, independent of the presence of allergy or positive microbial culture.
Les systèmes sont-ils conservateurs ?
Authors: Nizard Georges 
Published: October 2013

Les systèmes sociaux et les organisations qui en sont les sous-ensembles significatifs sont fondamentalement conservateurs. Leurs stabilités homéostatiques font leur pérennité. La culture au niveau groupal et les refus du changement de l’acteur se conjuguent pour conformer le système à lui-même. Cependant, le système est menacé, à la fois de l’extérieur par la turbulence de l’environnement, et en interne par les déviances de l’acteur et des jeux de pouvoir. Aujourd’hui, des systèmes ouverts adaptatifs seraient une réponse et une remise en cause des stabilités pérennes. Face à l’immobilisme du système, que peut le consultant appelé à changer les valeurs et les pratiques ?
Et si les institutions acceptaient de soigner leurs maux ?
Authors: Vander Borght Christine 
Published: October 2013

Les institutions de soins et d’éducation, comme n’importe quel groupe humain organisé, sont sujettes à des maladies et doivent se donner les moyens de se soigner. L’espace de supervision peut en être un, qu’il soit préventif ou curatif. Nous chercherons à comprendre ce qui constitue la spécificité d’un tel espace/temps, et à préciser quelques manières de faire pour poser la mise en place d’un cadre de travail défini comme une « matrice d’empathie ». L’espace de supervision doit pouvoir soutenir un processus d’intelligence collective.
Souffrances dans le milieu professionnel... Lieux professionnels en souffrance
Authors: Trioullier Olivier 
Published: October 2013

Cet article aborde les souffrances au travail, spécifiquement chez les professionnels dans le champ des relations d’aide, d’accompagnement ou de soin. Deux questions sous-jacentes nous servent de lignes directionnelles et précisent notre démarche : l’une autour de certaines des conséquences de cette souffrance pour ces professionnels en tant que personnes, lorsqu’elles se trouvent dans l’exercice de leur métier ; et l’autre sur les influences des modèles familiaux de ces mêmes professionnels sur le lien professionnel et aussi sur les institutions où ils travaillent. Nous essayons de relier ces aspects au contexte social dans lequel se situent ces institutions et tentons enfin de dégager quelques-uns des phénomènes qui, dans notre expérience, se retrouvent le plus fréquemment au cœur des problématiques survenant dans les équipes de professionnels.
L'« interinstitutionnel » et les règles implicites
Authors: Darnaud Thierry , Pluymaekers Jacques 
Published: October 2013

Dans cet article, nous montrerons l’importance pour la clinique de considérer comme « faisant système » les institutions appelées à intervenir successivement dans une situation ou celles qui se retrouvent à agir ensemble auprès d’une même famille. En effet, s’y développent, à côté des programmes officiels de chaque institution, des règles implicites régulant ce macrosystème que nous appelons l’« interinstitutionnel ». Une lecture systémique de l’émergence de ces règles implicites permet souvent de comprendre comment s’articulent les logiques d’interventions des différents intervenants et les conditions dans lesquelles nous sommes interpellés en tant qu’intervenant.
Quand le parcours de soins rencontre le champ judiciaire : un méta-système thérapeutique ?
Authors: Rassinon Samuel , Wawrzyniak Michel 
Published: October 2013

Comment intégrer la dimension de l’intervention pénale dans une perspective thérapeutique ? Nous examinons ici cette question à travers le traitement judiciaire d’un crime – une situation d’inceste – lors d’une session en Cour d’Assises. Notre hypothèse est que, par le déroulé de la session d’assises, s’institue un méta-système créant une synchronisation de l’ensemble des sous-systèmes dont ceux de soin et de protection. C’est à partir de la rencontre clinique avec Sophie en institution pédopsychiatrique, puis du procès en Cour d’assises de son agresseur auquel nous avons assisté dans le cadre de notre formation systémique, que nous déploierons notre argumentation.
« Ambiguïtés et paradoxes en Accueil Familial Thérapeutique : Questions d'identités »
Authors: Jung Johann 
Published: October 2013

Parmi les différentes modalités de soin proposées en pédopsychiatrie, l’Accueil Familial Thérapeutique s’inscrit comme un dispositif à la fois original et complexe. À l’interface du soin et du « médico-social », de l’éducatif et de la thérapeutique, ce type de prise en charge peut être amené, même après plusieurs années d’expérience, à « souffrir » d’une identité aux contours mal définis. En témoigne la diversité des représentations que peuvent s’en faire les équipes soignantes, l’assimilant tantôt à un accueil social, tantôt à une alternative aux prises en charges existantes. Cependant, cette problématique de l’identité, qui traverse l’Accueil Familial Thérapeutique, contient aussi en elle-même des ambiguïtés fécondes, voire des paradoxes dont les effets nous invitent à réfléchir aux enjeux thérapeutiques de ce dispositif. Trois axes sont successivement abordés : la question de l’identité professionnelle de l’Assistante Familiale inscrite dans l’entre-deux du soin et du social, à partir de la double référence de la profession à l’hôpital et au conseil général ; les effets de l’accueil à domicile sur l’engagement de l’assistante familiale à un niveau personnel et professionnel, enfin, le rapport entre la demande et l’indication en AFT.
First case report of infection by Mycobacterium wolinskyi after mammoplasty in Brazil
Authors: Lima Andrea Santos , Neves Maria Madileuza Carneiro , Gomes Karen Machado , Guarines Klarissa Miranda , Luna Carlos Feitosa , Duarte Rafael Silva , Montenegro Lílian Maria Lapa , Schindler Haiana Charifker 
Published: October 2013

Mycobacterium wolinskyi is a rapidly growing mycobacterium, first described in 1999 as a member of the group Mycobacterium smegmatis (Mycobacterium	smegmatis, Mycobacterium wolinskyi and Mycobacterium goodii). Only 19 case reports all over the world have been described on literature, none of them in Brazil. On this report, it is described one case of infection after a mammoplasty procedure performed in a private health service in the county of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, in 2009. The mycobacteria specie was identified using biochemical tests and sequencing the specific gene rpoB. To treat the infection by Mycobacterium wolinskyi it was necessary to combine antibiotics for a long period of time associated with surgical procedures of the breast abscesses.
First Steps: Exploring Use of a Prospective, Office-Based Registry as the Foundation for Quality Improvement in Cardiology Training
Authors: Frederick Melissa A. , Singh Tejwant , Salami Sule , Oetgen William J. , Rosman Howard S. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background
Teaching practice-based learning and improvement and systems-based practice are challenging. Cardiology fellows at St John Hospital & Medical Center participate in a national registry of outpatient cardiology care.

Objective
We assessed the use of the registry, hypothesizing that it could serve as an effective foundation for studying ambulatory care, identifying gaps in care, and planning interventions to advance competence in practice-based learning and improvement and systems-based practice.

Methods
Starting in 2009, trainees prospectively entered data for ambulatory cardiac patients into the PINNACLE Registry database where compliance with 28 performance measures was calculated and reported quarterly. Fellows met with the program director individually and in groups to identify performance gaps and to develop and implement plans for quality improvement. Cardiology fellows were surveyed annually to assess this process.

Results
Through March 2012, the fellows had completed 2400 patient visits. Participation was feasible because it was cost neutral, with data form completion averaging 5 minutes. It was acceptable, with most fellows describing positive effects on practice-based learning and improvement without significant detriment to work flow. Performance achievement for drug therapies ranged from 69% (77 of 111) of the patients with atrial fibrillation receiving anticoagulation to 99% (486 of 489) of patients with coronary disease receiving lipid-lowering therapy. Gaps in system performance included low levels for diabetes screening (5%; 20 of 422) and lipid monitoring (10%; 58 of 573). Initial quality improvement projects addressed practice gaps with straightforward solutions. Improving system performance was more challenging.

Conclusions
Using a registry in cardiology trainees' outpatient practice is feasible, acceptable, and valuable. It allows for planning and studying the effects of quality improvement projects.
Future Challenges in Medical Education in the Indian Subcontinent
Authors: Nandan Deoki , Bora Rishabh , Priyadarshini Pallavi , Malhotra Bora Neharika 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT
India and the Indian subcontinent is the most populated geographical area of the world (1.2 billion in India). Also medical needs of this subcontinent are the biggest in form of trained manpower and resources.
Human resources for health are all individuals engaged in promotion and protection or improvement of health (WHO 2007).
Indian subcontinent specially Indian has the largest number of medical colleges (350 in Indian) and we treat a significant number of medical tourism (second after Thailand), this is a reflection of the high level of medical expertize we posses, yet the paradox is that majority of our citizens have limited access to quality health care.
Why such a situation has arisen in India, we try to analyze by relooking at the clinical settings where doctors avail training.
This review aims to look at the challenges of medical education and role of professional organizations like FOGSI, ICOG, ICMU, IFUMB and IMA in training and educating the practising gynecologists in the field of Obs/Gyn ultrasound.

How to cite this article
Malhotra N, Priyadarshini P, Malhotra J, Bora NM, Bora R, Malhotra K, Nandan D. Future Challenges in Medical Education in the Indian Subcontinent. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(3):332-337.
The Bema and the Stage: Stratocles and Philippides in Plutarch’s Demetrius
Authors: Monaco Mallory 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This essay examines Plutarch’s juxtaposition of Stratocles, the demagogue, and Philippides, the comic playwright, in the Life of Demetrius. Plutarch uses these two figures as examples of the proper and improper use of humor in a political context. A close reading of the political essays of the Moralia in conjunction with the Demetrius reveals that the pairing of Stratocles and Philippides extends beyond the issue of humor in politics to the question of the definition of true statesmanship.
Lucan and John Chrysostom: A Parallel of Imagination
Authors: Newman J. K. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
At the end of his treatise "On the Priesthood" (De Sacerdotio) St. John Chrysostom describes the battle between Good and Evil in terms which irresistibly remind the reader of Lucan’s macabre humor in describing the battles of the Civil War. Chrysostom knew no Latin. The resemblance between him and Lucan springs from the fact that both men, who were in any case to die by violence, lived in liminal worlds. Under such pressures, and not because of any topical extravagance, their imaginations resorted to similar stylistic modes.
L’apport de Bergson à Lavelle
Authors: Barreau Hervé 
Published: October 2013

Dans la Leçon inaugurale au Collège de France et dans un article de 1942 que Lavelle écrivit sur la pensée religieuse d’Henri Bergson, nous trouvons des témoignages frappants sur l’héritage spirituel que Lavelle reçut de Bergson : d’abord, un encouragement à rompre avec le positivisme et le kantisme ; ensuite, une doctrine du réalisme spirituel que Lavelle interpréta comme une théorie de la participation ; et enfin, une valorisation du passé où Lavelle vit « l’avenir de l’avenir » et le lieu jamais immuable de la constitution de la personne.
A novel rateless codes design scheme based on two‐stage encoding and forward equal probability
Authors: Li Yunji , Yang Xiaolong , Dai Zeyang , Zhao Changming , Long Keping 
Published: October 2013

SummaryThis paper proposes an ideal rateless codes model to comprehensively describe rateless codes and extends the definition of systematic linear block code to generalized systematic code. Under the proposed model, average delay, maximum disorder, and uniformity recovery entropy are introduced as performance indices to design efficient rateless codes. A novel coding scheme based on two‐stage encoding and forward equal probability is proposed to optimize the proposed indices. In the first stage, the first k symbols are encoded, aiming to improve the performance of order recovery, uniformity recovery, and transmission efficiency as much as possible. In the second stage, the remaining infinite symbols are encoded, where the symbols with high degree are used to compensate the symbols loss in the first stage. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can achieve generalized systematic rateless codes with high probability and also has less average delay and maximum disorder, better capacity achievability, and uniformity recovery performance than Luby trasform (LT) codes and rateless coded symbol sorting algorithm. Besides, the proposed scheme has the aforementioned advantages compared with expending window fountain codes except for uniformity recovery and maximum disorder performance when the erasure rate is higher than about 0.25. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Major transport mechanisms of pyrethroids in residential settings and effects of mitigation measures
Authors: Davidson Paul C. , Jones Russell L. , Harbourt Christopher M. , Hendley Paul , Goodwin Gregory E. , Sliz Bradley A. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

The major pathways for transport of pyrethroids were determined in runoff studies conducted at a full-scale test facility in central California, USA. The 6 replicate house lots were typical of front lawns and house fronts of California residential developments and consisted of stucco walls, garage doors, driveways, and residential lawn irrigation sprinkler systems. Each of the 6 lots also included a rainfall simulator to generate artificial rainfall events. Different pyrethroids were applied to 5 surfaces—driveway, garage door and adjacent walls, lawn, lawn perimeter (grass near the house walls), and house walls above grass. The volume of runoff water from each house lot was measured, sampled, and analyzed to determine the amount of pyrethroid mass lost from each surface. Applications to 3 of the house lots were made using the application practices typically used prior to recent label changes, and applications were made to the other 3 house lots according to the revised application procedures. Results from the house lots using the historic application procedures showed that losses of the compounds applied to the driveway and garage door (including the adjacent walls) were 99.75% of total measured runoff losses. The greatest losses were associated with significant rainfall events rather than lawn irrigation events. However, runoff losses were 40 times less using the revised application procedures recently specified on pyrethroid labels. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:52–60. © 2013 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Growth, characterization, and properties of bulk SnO2 single crystals
Authors: Galazka Zbigniew , Uecker Reinhard , Klimm Detlef , Irmscher Klaus , Pietsch Mike , Schewski Robert , Albrecht Martin , Kwasniewski Albert , Ganschow Steffen , Schulz Detlev , Guguschev Christo , Bertram Rainer , Bickermann Matthias , Fornari Roberto 
Published: October 2013

AbstractSnO2 is a semiconductor with a wide optical bandgap (3.5 eV), which makes it an attractive transparent semiconducting oxide (TSO) for electronic and opto‐electronic applications. At elevated temperatures it is, however, much more unstable than other TSOs (such as ZnO, Ga2O3, or In2O3). This leads to a rapid decomposition even under very high oxygen pressures. Our experiments showed that stoichiometric SnO2 does not melt up to 2100 °C, in contradiction to earlier published data. Bulk SnO2 single crystals, that could provide substrates for epitaxial growth, have not been reported so far. Hereby we report on truly bulk SnO2 single crystals of 1 inch diameter grown by physical vapor transport (PVT). The most volatile species during SnO2 decomposition is, in addition to oxygen, SnO, which is stable in the gas phase at high temperature and reacts again with oxygen at lower temperatures to form SnO2. We identified a relatively narrow temperature window, temperature gradients and a ratio of SnO/O2 for providing the best conditions for SnO2 single crystal growth. X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD) proved the single SnO2 phase. Moreover, by selecting a suitable SnO/O2 ratio it was possible to obtain either n‐type conductivity with electron concentrations up to 2 × 1018 cm−3 and electron mobilities up to 200 cm2 V−1 s−1, or insulating behavior. The crystals exhibited an optical absorption edge located at 330–355 nm, depending on the crystal orientation, and a good transparency over visible and near infrared (NIR) spectra.
Statistical characterization of self‐assembled charged nanoparticle structures
Authors: Zvejnieks G. , Kuzovkov V. N. , Kotomin E. A. 
Published: October 2013

We propose a novel approach for description of dynamics of nanostructure formation for a system consisting of oppositely charged particles. The combination of numerical solution of analytical Bogolyubov–Born–Green–Kirkwood–Yvon (BBGKY) type equation set with reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) method allows us to overcome difficulties of standard approaches, such as kinetic Monte Carlo or Molecular Dynamics, to describe effects of long‐range Coulomb interactions. Moreover, this allows one to study the system dynamics on realistic time and length scales. We applied this method to a simple short‐range Lenard–Jones (LJ)‐like three‐ (3D) and two‐dimensional (2D) system combining the long‐range Coulomb and LJ interactions. As expected, the nanoparticle growth driven by the Ostwald ripening is observed in the former case, while long‐range interaction limited self‐assembled nanostructures are observed in the latter case. Example of 3D structure of self‐assembled nanoparticles interacting via short‐range LJ and long‐range Coulomb potentials obtained by improved reverse Monte Carlo simulations.
Modeling of the plasmonic properties of DLC‐Ag nanocomposite films
Authors: Yaremchuk Iryna , Tamulevičienė Asta , Tamulevičius Tomas , Šlapikas Kęstutis , Balevičius Zigmas , Tamulevičius Sigitas 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn this work we present results of theoretical and experimental investigation of the optical absorption spectra of thin films of nanocomposite materials composed of silver nanoparticles embedded in a diamond‐like carbon (DLC) matrix. The optical characteristics of DLC‐Ag nanocomposite are considered within the framework of the effective medium approximation. The evolution of plasmon resonance characteristics and optical properties due to changes of dielectric constant of DLC host and size of the embedded metal nanoparticles is studied. The experimental absorption spectra of DLC‐based silver nanocomposites deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering on fused‐silica were compared with the simulated ones. The observed redshift and broadening of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) bands were explained using Mie scattering theory and Maxwell–Garnett effective medium theory. The obtained results suggest that a random mixture consisting of the DLC film with embedded isolated silver inclusions is a promising material for the fabrication of tunable nanocomposites in different sensing platforms.