bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Narrative Review in Application of Artificial Intelligence in Forensic Science: Enhancing Accuracy in Crime Scene Analysis and Evidence Interpretation
Authors: Arthanari Abirami , Raj S. Shaan , Ravindran Vignesh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aim:
This review examines the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in forensic science, emphasizing its applications in crime scene analysis, evidence interpretation, digital forensics, and forensic odontology. It highlights AI’s ability to enhance accuracy, efficiency, and reliability while addressing ethical and practical challenges.

Materials and Methods:
A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, complemented by manual reviews of key forensic journals and grey literature. The review included studies on AI applications in forensic odontology and other forensic domains published in the past decade. Predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and duplicates were removed. Full-text reviews were conducted to ensure relevance, with disagreements resolved through consensus by a third reviewer to ensure rigor.

Results:
AI has significantly enhanced forensic practices by automating evidence analysis and improving accuracy. It streamlines crime scene reconstruction, accelerates digital forensic processes by analyzing large datasets, and advances dental forensics through rapid victim identification and bite mark analysis. AI-powered biometric systems enhance suspect and victim identification through facial recognition and pattern-matching technologies. However, limitations such as algorithmic bias, data privacy issues, and resource disparities pose challenges to its widespread adoption.

Conclusion:
AI is revolutionizing forensic science by providing enhanced precision, efficiency, and reliability in investigations. Addressing ethical concerns such as transparency, fairness, and algorithmic accountability is crucial for its responsible implementation. Future advancements should prioritize the development of explainable and unbiased algorithms, privacy-preserving techniques, and ethical frameworks. Interdisciplinary collaborations and global policy guidelines are essential to ensure the equitable and responsible integration of AI in forensic science, ultimately advancing justice and equity in the criminal justice system.
Small airway disease (SAD) in asthma in pregnancy evaluated by impulse oscillometry: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mandal Mita , Halder Indranil , Sarkar Subhankar , Haque Arman , Pal Manidip 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background and Objective:
Asthma is a common respiratory disease in pregnancy, with approximately 18% of cases worsening. Small airway disease (SAD) with a reported prevalence of up to 70% is now recognised as a principal indicator of poor asthma control. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is a non-invasive, technically easier, and patient-friendly tool for detecting SAD. We aimed to assess the prevalence of SAD in pregnant women with asthma and the acceptance of the IOS across different trimesters of pregnancy.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women aged ≥18 years with clinically diagnosed asthma. All patients underwent IOS following manufacturer and European Respiratory Society guidelines. A questionnaire was used to assess their satisfaction with the technique.

Results:
Out of 78 patients who underwent IOS, SAD was present in 55.1% (95% CI = 43.4 to 66.4%). Post-bronchodilator reversibility was observed in 37.2% of patients. Abnormal total (R5) and larger (R20) airway resistance were found in 79.5% and 64.1% of patients, respectively. Other IOS parameters (Fres, AX, and X5) were abnormal in 58.9%, 30.7%, and 39.7% of patients, respectively. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated longer duration of asthma (OR = 1.1; 95% CI = 1.05–1.18; P < 0.001) and passive smoking (OR = 4.2; 95% CI = 1.58–11.1; P = 0.004) were significantly associated with SAD. All participants tolerated the IOS well, with a satisfaction score of 4.75 ± 0.72.

Conclusion:
The IOS is a helpful tool for the evaluation of SAD, a significant comorbidity in pregnant women with asthma. Factors such as longer disease duration and exposure to passive smoking, akin to risk factors for chronic airflow obstruction, are significantly associated with SAD. Future research should explore SAD’s impact on clinical management and overall asthma outcomes.
Resistance of ten elite African yam bean cultivars to the bean weevil Callosobruchus maculatus
Authors: Baiyeri Samuel , Ogaugwu Christian 
Published: February 2025

The African yam bean Sphenostylis stenocarpa is a nutritious under-exploited legume from Africa, with a potential to contribute greatly towards food security. The seed of this crop is attacked by the bean weevil Callosobruchus maculatus during storage, which can render them unfit for consumption or replanting. Insect-resistant varieties would be ideal and desired as these will require little or no additional costs for insecticides from farmers and will offer immense and long-term health, economic and environmental benefits to the farmers and consumers. In this study, standard procedures were followed to ascertain the resistance of 10 elite S. stenocarpa cultivars to stored product insect pests, C. maculatus and the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais. Under conditions of natural infestation, seven (7) tropical S. stenocarpa accessions (TSs 9, 10, 33, 60, 93, 126 & 349) were resistant to C. maculatus and had no infestation at all while 3 accessions (TSs 23, 111 & 116) were susceptible. When the accessions were subjected to intentional infestation with C. maculatus, they showed varying levels of resistance, with TSs 93 as the most resistant accessions and TSs 23 as the least resistant accession. The maize weevil, S. zeamais however failed to establish on S. stenocarpa seeds. While lectin has been implicated in insect resistance by S. stenocarpa, this study found no significant correlation between lectin and the resistance of different accessions. Elite cultivars of the African yam bean S. stenocarpa that are resistant to its major insect pest C. maculatus have been identified in this study. These resistant cultivars will be of significance to future breeding programmes and food security in developing tropical countries and beyond.
Field evaluation of selected hybrid Dioscorea rotundata Poir (white yam) for tuber yield in two selected locations in South-eastern Nigeria
Authors: Okpe Alex Ochai , Nkaa Francis Agodichi , Benjamin Inyang Joshua , Okwu Victor Ahaoma , Okpaga Fredrich Oge , Ojoawa Pauline Tosin 
Published: February 2025

Diascorea rotundata Poir (yam) is a primary staple food for many Nigerians, and the country produces the highest percentage of the crop in the world. Its efficiency is influenced by both genotypic traits and environmental factors. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with nine treatments of yam genotypes and three replications to evaluate tuber yield of the nine genotypes across two locations in one growing season. Propagation was done by cutting each tuber into several pieces of approximately 150g each.
The study was carried out at the National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI) research farm Umudike, Abia State and Faculty of agriculture research farm Abakaliki, Ebonyi State University (EBSU). The analysis of the genotypes showed some variations within and across the locations; genotypes grown in Abakaliki were superior in the length of vines (cm), while those grown in Umudike were superior in germination percentage and vine girth. At harvest those in Abakaliki recorded total mean yield of 8 tubers and 3.17kg tuber weight, while those in Umudike recorded mean yield of 12 tubers and mean weight of 5.20kg. Across the locations TDr1401785 recorded the highest yield performance with mean yield of 19 tubers while TDr1000021 recorded the least with mean yield of 4 tubers. TDr1400359 recorded the maximum tuber size with mean weight of 6.8kg while TDr8902665 recorded the least with mean weight of 1.17kg. Applying diverse environmental and physicochemical conditions to study yam genotypes is essential for improving production techniques and optimizing breeding methods for better performance.
Preventive Effect of Hydroethanolic Extract of Aerva lanata Leaf on Iron Overload-Induced Oxidative Stress
Authors: Abdulazeez Azeemat T. , Olayemi Latifat O. , Yusuf Babalola O. , Moronfolu Ibrahim A. , Yusuf Zaharadeen M. 
Published: February 2025

Excess iron is a major cause of iron-induced oxidative stress and a number of diseases. Plants like Aerva lanata, offer a mitigative potential against iron-induced oxidative damage. This study aimed at determining the antioxidant enhancing potential of hydroethanolic extract of Aerva lanata (HEAL) leaf against iron overload-induced oxidative damage. Thirty-six male Wistar rats were randomised into six groups. Group 1 received 0.5 mL of distilled water while groups 2-6 were given treatments consisting of intraperitoneally administration of iron dextran (100 mg/kg) plus oral administration of 0.5 mL of distilled water, 20 mg/kg deferasirox, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of the extract respectively for 21 days. The extract was assessed for a number of secondary metabolites as well as its in-vitro antioxidant capacity while biochemical parameters of oxidative stress and iron overload were assessed in the rats. Six secondary metabolites were found in the extract, with cardiac glycosides (270.60 mg/L) being the most abundant while flavonoids (2.56 mg/L) were the least prevalent, exhibiting antioxidant and free radical scavenging capabilities, with the inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 41.19 g/mL (DPPH), 258.154 g/mL (ABTS). Treatment with HEAL significantly reduced the increased serum iron level in iron-overload oxidative stressed animals, and reduced AST, ALP, MDA levels, and increased antioxidant activities. The antioxidant and free radical-scavenging activities of HEAL discovered in this study have shown that HEAL treatment can strengthen the antioxidant defenses against iron overload-induced oxidative stress in rats and might contribute to the mechanism by which HEAL prevents the liver from iron loaded-induced oxidative stress
Dreams That Money Can Buy (1947)
Authors: Key Laura E. B. 
Published: February 2025

Dreams That Money Can Buy (1947) is an avant-garde film written, produced, and directed by the Surrealist painter and Dada film theorist Hans Richter. It took three years and cost $25,000 dollars to produce.
The film, in which the main protagonist, Joe, sells dreams to his clients, consists of a montage of seven largely unconnected scenarios and is thus considered modernist in style as it rejects the traditional cinematic convention of narrative continuity. Richter collaborated with a group of avant-garde and Surrealist artists in the production of the film; Max Ernst, Marcel Duchamp, Man Ray, Fernand Léger, and Alexander Calder all wrote and directed one or more of the seven scenarios, making this film a collaborative piece. The soundtrack was composed by John Cage, Paul Bowles, Darius Milhaud, and Louis Applebaum.
The film’s central themes include the question of the artist’s role in society and the place of the individual in the post-war era. Its reception upon release was mixed; some critics have argued that its Surrealist style was culturally outdated by 1947 (Berger, 2013).
In 2013, the film was restored by the Museum of Modern Art in New York through funding from the National Endowment for the Arts, the Celeste Bartos Film Preservation Fund, and The Film Foundation.
Meta-Analysis of Research on the Use of Modern Digital Technologies in Developing Science Education Outcomes
Authors: Al-Otaibi Aljawharah Meshal 
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine the impact of utilizing modern digital technologies and how effective to use them by collecting data in developing science education outcomes.The study used the survey descriptive methodology to determine the elemental characteristics of studies for the Meta-Analysis sample. The study tools composed of a list to include or exclude the previous studies from the Meta-Analysis sample of the current study that composed of nine studies subjected to Meta-Analysis. Number of magnitudes of the impact in the studies were (17) and the mean size of total magnitude of the impact in the studies was (1,619) that considered a large size according to Cohen's application, which indicates the effectiveness of using modern digital technologies in developing science education outcomes.The study recommended that teachers be on job trained to use modern digital technologies and develop the views of science mentors concerning that, update the curricula and increase Meta-Analysis studies for educational researches to benefit from their results.
Dynamics of Brown and Green Energy Stocks Under Climate-Related Risk: Statistical Evidence From the United States
Authors: Olasehinde-Williams Godwin , Akadiri Seyi Saint 
Published: February 2025

Climate change poses challenges to economies and financial markets, particularly energy sectors transitioning to low-carbon alternatives. This study explores the relationship between climate-related transition risks and the performance of brown and green energy stocks in the U.S. from February 2009 to December 2023, using the transition risk index by Bua et al. (2024). Advanced econometric methods, including transfer entropy and nonparametric causality-in-quantiles, reveal significant information flows from transition risk growth to energy stock returns and volatility. Robustness checks confirm these findings. The results emphasize the importance of transition risks in energy markets, recommending enhanced monitoring, clean energy investment support for brown energy firms, risk disclosure mandates, and flexible policies.
IJTIMOIY TARMOQLARDA NEOLOGIZMLARNING BUGUNGI KUNDAGI QOʻLLANILISHI
Authors: Jo‘rayeva Lola 
Published: February 2025

Ushbu maqolada turli morfologik jarayonlar natijasida yaratilgan neologizmlarning internet asosidagi muloqotda keng qoʻllanilishi haqida gap boradi. Shu maqsadda toʻrtta eng mashhur ijtimoiy tarmoqdan misollar yigʻilib, tahlil qilingan va solishtirilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni koʻrsatdiki, ijtimoiy tarmoqlarda neologizmlarning qoʻllanilishi nihoyatda yuqori foizni tashkil etadi.
Impact of Off-Grid Solar Home Systems on Energy Spending in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Anagbakwu Obinna John 
Published: February 2025

Energy insecurity in the developing nation of Nigeria has driven communities and households in both rural and urban settings to adopt solar home systems as a source of household energy. A report published by Fraym® is used by the Rural Electrification Agency (REA) for Nigeria Electrification Project (NEP) to develop its Energy Transition Plan for 100% Electrification. It focuses on 10 Nigerian states, and points to customer profiles for top off-grid communities from these states. This report reveals the top twenty communities with the highest propensity to adopt SHS. The concentration of the top fifty solar home system communities is particularly significant among these communities, covering approximately 570,000 households in Oyo State. This unique positioning makes Oyo State an ideal focal point for conducting an empirical analysis. Conducting a cross-sectional empirical analysis in Omiyale, Madeko, Saki, and Ibadan, the study employs a stratified random sampling approach, selecting 40 SHS and 40 non-SHS households. The findings underscore the overall efficacy of Off-Grid Solar Systems in addressing energy poverty. SHS owners exhibit a substantial improvement in lighting usage, marked by a notable shift towards cleaner and sustainable energy sources. Notably, SHS ownership correlates with a positive economic impact, as monthly expenditures for energy among SHS households decrease by an average of 1287.308 Naira per month. This economic saving stems from reduced reliance on conventional energy sources like candles, kerosene, and batteries.

Received: 3 September 2024 | Revised: 22 November 2024 | Accepted: 20 January 2025

Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Author Contribution Statement
Obinna John Anagbakwu: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Resources, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization.
Effect of Cold Shock on Larval Viability and Tetraploid Percentage of Asian Redtail Catfish, Hemibagrus nemurus (Valenciennes, 1840)
Authors: Hartono Dwi Puji , Alimuddin Alimuddin , Buwono Ibnu Dwi , Ihsan Yudi Nurul 
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cold shock time and temperature on larval viability and the formation of tetraploid Asian redtail catfish, Hemibagrus nemurus (Valenciennes, 1840). A completely randomized factorial design was used with 2 factors, shock time after fertilization (AF) which consisted of 5 levels (26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, and 30th min AF) and shock temperature with 3 levels (6, 8, and 10 °C). Furthermore, each group carried out in 3 replicates, and the observed parameters including the percentage of tetraploid fish, fertilization rate, hatching, larval survival, and percentage of abnormal larvae recorded. The identification of tetraploid individuals was based on the analysis of the total nucleoli, erythrocyte size, and DNA content by flow cytometry. The results showed that cold temperature shock had an effect on hatching rate, survival rate, and the number of abnormal larvae (p < 0.05) but had no effect on egg fertilization rate (p > 0.05). The highest hatching rate was obtained in temperature shock treatment at 10 °C (60.06 ± 0.85 %), while the highest survival was obtained in temperature shock treatment at 10 °C (68.33 ± 1.38 %). Moreover, the shock time AF and temperature shock treatments influenced the formation of tetraploid the Asian redtail catfish (p < 0.05). Shock treatment at 28 min AF with a shock temperature of 6 °C for 3 min produced the highest tetraploid percentage (78.33 ± 1.67 %, p < 0.05). Tetraploid the Asian redtail catfish had a maximum number of 4 nucleoli per cell, while diploid catfish had a maximum of 2. The erythrocyte and nucleus volumes were 98.26 and 99.51 %, respectively, which were larger than those of the diploid the Asian redtail catfish. Furthermore, the DNA content in the tetraploid individuals was twice that in the diploid individuals. Thus, cold temperature shock at 6 °C for 3 min to the 28-minute-old embryos to produce a tetraploid the Asian redtail catfish is recommended.
HIGHLIGHTS

This article focuses on the application of cold shock to the formation of tetraploid Asian Redtail Catfish
Cold shock in embryos can produce tetraploid Asian Redtail Catfish
Tetraploid in Asian Redtail Catfish is an intermediate process to produce triploid Asian Redtail Catfish
The success of tetraploid induction of Asian Redtail Catfish is affected by shock time and shock temperature

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Развитие отрасли малотоннажного СПГ в Центральной Азии: “континентальная” стратегия для российских газовых компаний
Authors: Иллерицкий Н.И. 
Published: February 2025

В статье анализируются изменения на мировом рынке СПГ, в результате которых происходит ужесточение конкуренции и передел региональных рынков газа. В сложившейся геоэкономической ситуации перспективы развития крупнотоннажной СПГ-отрасли в Российской Федерации характеризуются высоким уровнем неопределенности и рисков. Однако страны Центральной Азии не вовлечены в эти процессы, хотя и остро нуждаются в улучшении энергообеспечения в целях дальнейшего экономического роста. В этой связи одним из перспективных направлений представляется формирование и развитие рынка малотоннажного СПГ в Центральной Азии. Российская газовая отрасль обладает ­всеми необходимыми для этого ресурсами и компетенциями, но четкой “континентальной” стратегии ни на корпоративном, ни на государственном уровнях пока еще не сложилось. Сдерживающими факторами являются отсутствие инфраструктуры и культуры потребления малотоннажного СПГ. Преодолеть эти ограничения было бы возможно при реализации комплексного подхода к развитию отрасли малотоннажного СПГ как инфраструктурного сервиса, что потребует от российских компаний имплементации передовых организационных и технологических практик.
The article analyzes changes in the global market of LNG, which are intensifying competition and reshaping regional gas markets. In the current geo-economic situation, the development prospects for Russia's large-scale LNG industry are marked by high levels of uncertainty and risk. However, Central Asian countries are not involved in these processes, despite their acute need to improve energy security for further economic growth. In this regard, the establishment and development of a small-scale LNG market in Central Asia appears to be a promising direction. Russia’s gas industry possesses all the necessary resources and expertise for this, but a clear “continental” strategy for small-scale LNG development has yet to emerge at both the corporate and governmental levels. Limiting factors include the lack of infrastructure and consumer culture for small-scale LNG. Overcoming these constraints would be possible through a comprehensive approach to developing the small-scale LNG sector as an infrastructure service, which would require Russian companies to implement advanced organizational and technological practices.
Развитие рынков труда в государствах Центрально-Азиатского региона: вызовы и возможности
Authors: Кулаева О.В. , Козлова Е.А. 
Published: February 2025

Пережив шоковые потрясения перехода к рыночной экономике, страны Центральной Азии за более чем 30-летний период значительно продвинулись в сфере регулирования социально-трудовых отношений. Разрабатывались национальные стратегии и программы занятости, совершенствовались институты, регулирующие рынок труда, внедрялись меры активной политики, реформировались системы социальной защиты, укреплялись механизмы трехстороннего партнерства. В статье рассматривается нынешний этап развития рынков труда государств Центрально-Азиатского региона. Анализируются трансформации в экономике, вызвавшие изменения в отраслевой структуре производства и трудовых отношениях. Особое внимание уделяется факторам, обусловливающим наличие дефицита качественных рабочих мест. Обсуждаются современные тенденции и вызовы, такие как рост неформального сектора, а также гендерные аспекты формирования рынка труда. Подчеркивается необходимость государственной поддержки в создании качественных рабочих мест, стимулирования развития малого и среднего бизнеса, а также совершенствования систем профессионально-технического образования. Предлагаются рекомендации по содействию занятости молодежи и женщин, включая развитие предпринимательства и профессиональной подготовки.
The article examines the development of labor markets in the Central Asian economies over the past years. Economic transformations which led to significant changes in the sectoral structure of production and labor relations are analyzed. Special attention is paid to jobs deficit, the growth of informal economy and informal employment, as well as to gender disparities in the labor market. The author emphasizes the necessity of state regulation for job creation, support to small- and medium-sized enterprises, and further development of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) systems. Recommendations are made for youth employment promotion, job creation for women, including development of entrepreneurship and technical and vocational education and training.