bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of physical activity level with depression, anxiety, and quality of life in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Mutlu Ebru Kaya , Mutlu Caner , Taskiran Hanifegul , Ozgen Ilker Tolga 
Published: July 2015

AbstractChildren with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have low physical activity levels and are at high risk for psychosocial morbidities, including depression, heightened anxiety and low health-related quality of life (HRQoL).The aim of this study was to assess the associations of physical activity level with depression, anxiety, and HRQoL in children with T1DM.A cross-sectional study design, including children with T1DM aged between 8 and 12 years and healthy controls, was used. Physical activity (PA) level was assessed with the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C). Anxiety was screened by The Screen for Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI). Quality of life was assessed with the The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0).Forty-seven T1DM and 55 healthy children were included with mean ages of 9.87±1.63 and 9.56±1.60 years, respectively. The T1DM group had significantly higher depression and anxiety score (p<0.05) and lower HRQoL-child self-report score (p<0.05, for all) compared with the control group. Significant associations were found between PAQ-C and PedsQL 4.0 (p<0.05), between SCARED and PedsQL 4.0 (p<0.05), and between HbA1c and PedsQL 4.0 (p<0.05) in children with T1DM.The result of our study suggested that only HRQoL was related to physical activity, anxiety and HbA1c in children with T1DM.
Anthropogenic transformation of the relief of the Aegean Islands
Authors: Tsermegas Irena 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to present the role of human impact in the forming and transformation of the relief of the Aegean Islands. The most significant changes (with a displacement of more than 10 bln m3 of rock material) are related to the creation of road infrastructure and the construction of agricultural terraces. In order to create stone buildings, 20 mln m3 of rock material was used; for the purposes of air transport a surface area of nearly 2.5 km2 was levelled; many kilometres of artificial shorelines were created and at least 4.5 mln m3 of material was displaced for the purposes of the construction of artificial reservoirs of a total capacity of more than 25 mln m3. A huge amount of material was removed as a result of mining activities. The indirect impact of economic activities on the relief of the discussed area includes mainly slope, fluvial and coastal processes.
Effective communication modes in multilingual encounters: Comparing alternatives in Computer Mediated Communication (CMC)
Authors: van Mulken Margot , Hendriks Berna 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis paper reports on an experimental study investigating alternative communication modes to English as a Lingua Franca. The purpose was to examine the effectiveness of different modes of communication and to gain insight in communication strategies used by interlocutors to solve referential conflicts. Findings show that ELF may not necessarily be the most effective mode of communication for speakers who do not share a native language. In the context of multinational corporations, RM may be regarded as a viable alternative to English for negotiating mutual understanding, particularly for speakers with (linguistically) closely related mother tongues.
Poczucie koherencji i radzenie sobie ze stresem przez młodych dorosłych z mózgowym porażeniem dziecięcym/ Sense of coherence and coping in young adults with cerebral palsy
Authors: Dąbrowska-Zimakowska Anna 
Published: July 2015

Streszczenie
Wstęp: Wczesna dorosłość jest okresem w życiu człowieka, ktory stawia przed nim liczne zadania. Aby skutecznie je realizować trzeba posiadać dobrze rozwinięte umiejętności radzenia sobie. Niepełnosprawność wrodzona wprowadza w życie dodatkowe wyzwania, ktore często zakłocają proces wchodzenia w dorosłość. Celem pracy jest analiza poczucia koherencji i strategii radzenia sobie ze stresem przez młodych dorosłych z porażeniem mozgowym.
Materiał i metody: W badaniu wzięło udział 30 osob z porażeniem mozgowym w wieku 20-35 lat i 30 osob sprawnych stanowiących grupę odniesienia. Zastosowano kwestionariusz SOC-29 do pomiaru poziomu poczucia koherencji i WCQ określający strategie radzenia sobie ze stresem.
Wyniki: analiza statystyczna wykazała, że osoby z porażeniem mozgowym w porownaniu z osobami sprawnymi przejawiały niższy poziom globalnego poczucia koherencji i poczucia zaradności. W obszarze strategii radzenia sobie ze stresem stwierdzono, że osoby niepełnosprawne znacznie rzadziej stosowały poszukiwanie wsparcia. Analiza korelacji wykazała, związek między poszukiwaniem wsparcia a globalnym poczuciem koherencji i jego trzema komponentami.
Wnioski: Istnieje potrzeba zwrocenia uwagi w procesie rehabilitacji na rozwijanie zasobow odpornościowych pacjentow oraz umiejętność poszukiwania wsparcia, rozumianego jako strategia pośrednicząca w skutecznym radzeniu sobie.
Doświadczanie bólu a aktywność fizyczna u osób z chorobą dyskową odcinka krzyżowo – lędźwiowego kręgosłupa/ Experience of pain and physical activity in people suffering from the disc disease of the lumbosacral spine
Authors: Turkiewicz-Maligranda Agnieszka , Rymaszewska Joanna 
Published: July 2015

Streszczenie
Wstęp: Choroba dyskowa dolnego odcinka kręgosłupa jest częstym schorzeniem, na ktore uskarżają się coraz młodsze osoby. Głownym objawem jest dotkliwy bol. Choroba upośledza nie tylko funkcjonowanie fizyczne chorych, ale także społeczne i psychiczne. Ma ona charakter przewlekły i wymaga zmiany trybu życia z antyzdrowotnego na prozdrowotny w sposob stały i systematyczny. Jednym z przejawow prozdrowotnego funkcjonowania w chorobie dyskowej jest wykonywanie systematycznych ćwiczeń dostosowanych do schorzenia w celu wzmocnienia mięśni okołokregosłupowych. Aktywność fizyczna jest jednocześnie leczeniem jak i profilaktyką w chorobie dyskowej kręgosłupa. Ponieważ istnieje pogląd, że głownym motywatorem do leczenia u osob z dyskopatią krzyżowo - lędźwiową jest doświadczany bol postanowiono zbadać czy istnieje związek pomiędzy odczuwanym bolem a podejmowaną aktywnością fizyczną u osob z chorobą dyskową odcinka krzyżowo - lędźwiowego i czy związek ten jest modyfikowany przez zmienne socjodemograficzne.
Materiał i metody: Badania miały charakter podłużny (dwa punkty pomiaru w odstępie poł roku), ktorym zostały objęte 92 osoby z chorobą dyskową odcinka krzyżowo - lędźwiowego kręgosłupa. Rozpoznanie zostało potwierdzone badaniem z wykorzystaniem rezonansu magnetycznego. W badaniach wykorzystano: wywiad (dane socjodemograficzne), skalę VAS oraz skonstruowaną na potrzeby niniejszego projektu ankietę dotyczącą wskaźnika aktywnego radzenia sobie w chorobie dyskowej.
Wyniki: W badanej grupie osob z chorobą dyskową odcinka krzyżowo - lędźwiowego nie stwierdzono związku pomiędzy odczuwanym bolem a podejmowaną aktywnością fizyczną. Jedynie w grupie młodszych badanych pacjentow stwierdzono pozytywny związek pomiędzy bolem a aktywnością.
Wnioski: W grupie najmłodszych osob badanych odczuwany bol może być motywatorem do podejmowania systematycznych ćwiczeń fizycznych.
Does the Credible Fiscal Policy Support the Prices Stabilization?
Authors: Kuncoro Haryo 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This paper aims at analyzing the co-movement between fiscal policy and monetary policy rules in the context of price stabilization. More specifically, we observe the potential impact of fiscal policy credibility on the price stabilization in the inflation targeting framework. Motivated by the fact that empirical studies concerning this aspect are still limited, we take the case of Indonesia over the period 2001-2013. Based on the quarterly data analysis, we found that the impact of credibility typically depends on characteristics of fiscal rules commitment. On one hand, the credibility of debt rule reduces the inflation rate. In contrast, the incredible deficit rule policy does not have any impact on the inflation rate and therefore does not support to inflation targeting. Given those results, we conclude that credibility matters in stabilizing price levels. Accordingly, those findings suggest tightening coordination between monetary and fiscal policy to maintain fiscal sustainability in accordance with price stabilization policy
Effective Exchange Rates in Central and Eastern European Countries: Cyclicality and Relationship with Macroeconomic Fundamentals
Authors: Stavárek Daniel , Miglietti Cynthia 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This paper examines the evolution of effective exchange rates in nine Central and Eastern European countries in terms of development trends, volatility and cyclicality. Consequently, it provides direct empirical evidence on the nature of the relationship between effective exchange rates and selected macroeconomic fundamentals, addressing a key precondition of numerous exchange rate determination models and theories that attempt to explain the role of exchange rates in the economy. The results suggest that flexible exchange rate arrangements are reflected in both nominal and real effective exchange rates having higher volatility and variability. Furthermore, the results provide mixed evidence in terms of intensity, direction and cyclicality, but show a weak correlation between exchange rates and fundamentals. Sufficiently high coefficients are found only for money supply. Consequently, using fundamentals for the determination of exchange rates and using the exchange rate to explain economic development may be of limited use for the countries analyzed.
An Evaluation of Selected Economic Areas according to Similarity of Supply and Demand Shocks
Authors: Kappel Stanislav 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The Euro Area remains a well-known monetary union in the World. But the possibilities of creation of new monetary unions are discussed. It is spoken about NAFTA (Canada, Mexico and the United States) or MERCOSUR (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela). The aim of this paper is to assess the similarity of demand and supply shocks in the countries of NAFTA and MERCOSUR, and to compare it with the countries of the Euro Area. For these aims, correlation and structural vector autoregression methods are used. Methods are based on Blanchard and Quah (1989) and Bayoumi and Eichengreen (1993). We confirm the existence of core states and periphery states in the Euro Area with some exceptions. If we compare supply and demand shocks, we find more similarity in the case of supply shocks in the countries of the Euro Area. According to the results, the countries of NAFTA are more appropriate for the creation of monetary union than the countries of MERCOSUR. The countries of NAFTA achieve high correlation coefficients of supply and demand shocks (except Mexico for supply shocks).
Aerodynamic Design and Numerical Analysis of Supersonic Turbine for Turbo Pump
Authors: Fu Chao , Zou Zhengping , Kong Qingguo , Cheng Honggui , Zhang Weihao 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSupersonic turbine is widely used in the turbo pump of modern rocket. A preliminary design method for supersonic turbine has been developed considering the coupling effects of turbine and nozzle. Numerical simulation has been proceeded to validate the feasibility of the design method. As the strong shockwave reflected on the mixing plane, additional numerical simulated error would be produced by the mixing plane model in the steady CFD. So unsteady CFD is employed to investigate the aerodynamic performance of the turbine and flow field in passage. Results showed that the preliminary design method developed in this paper is suitable for designing supersonic turbine. This periodical variation of complex shockwave system influences the development of secondary flow, wake and shock-boundary layer interaction, which obviously affect the secondary loss in vane passage. The periodical variation also influences the strength of reflecting shockwave, which affects the profile loss in vane passage. Besides, high circumferential velocity at vane outlet and short blade lead to high radial pressure gradient, which makes the low kinetic energy fluid moves towards hub region and produces additional loss.
Estimated glomerular filtration rate by serum cystatin C correlates with cardiometabolic parameters in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Ermetici Federica , Filopanti Marcello , Verga Uberta , Passeri Elena , Dito Giorgia , Malavazos Alexis Elias , Mapelli Chiara , Raggi Maria Elisabetta , Spada Anna , Corbetta Sabrina 
Published: July 2015

ObjectivePatients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) are at risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Cystatin C (Cys-C) is considered a more reliable tool to assess glomerular filtration rate (GFR) than creatinine. The study aimed to assess circulating Cys-C and its relationships with biochemical PHPT and cardiometabolic parameters.Design and methodsThe present cross-sectional study was performed in academic endocrine units on PHPT patients (n=190) and non-hypertensive, non-diabetic, age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n=135) with no established CKD. The main outcomes were creatinine by alkaline picrate method, Cys-C by immunonephelometry and calculation of estimated GFR based on creatinine and Cys-C (eGFRcr-cys) using the CKD-EPI equation.ResultsIn PHPT patients, circulating Cys-C ranged 0.45–3.13 mg/l and correlated with creatinine, age and BMI. Mean Cys-C level was higher in PHPT patients than in controls (0.93±0.02 vs 0.78±0.14 mg/l;P=0.03). Cys-C levels in PHPT patients were predicted by age, BMI, ionized calcium, hypertension and HDL-cholesterol, the most significant determinant being ionized calcium. Cys-C positively correlated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) occurrence. Overall, 18.4% of PHPT patients with eGFRcr >60 ml/min per 1.73 m2(n=169) had Cys-C levels higher than the 95th percentile in controls (1.03 mg/l), consistent with a preclinical CKD, which was associated with hypertension and insulin resistance. Considering eGFRcr-cys, CKD (stages G3a, G3b, 4) was diagnosed in 13.7% of PHPT patients. Estimated GFRcr-cys, but not eGFR based on creatinine, was predicted by insulin resistance and hypertension and positively correlated with CVD.ConclusionsElevated Cys-C levels were associated with ionized calcium, cardiometabolic risk factors and CVD, and identified preclinical CKD in PHPT patients.
Genetics of Rapid and Extreme Size Evolution in Island Mice
Authors: Gray Melissa M , Parmenter Michelle D , Hogan Caley A , Ford Irene , Cuthbert Richard J , Ryan Peter G , Broman Karl W , Payseur Bret A 
Published: July 2015

AbstractOrganisms on islands provide a revealing window into the process of adaptation. Populations that colonize islands often evolve substantial differences in body size from their mainland relatives. Although the ecological drivers of this phenomenon have received considerable attention, its genetic basis remains poorly understood. We use house mice (subspecies: Mus musculus domesticus) from remote Gough Island to provide a genetic portrait of rapid and extreme size evolution. In just a few hundred generations, Gough Island mice evolved the largest body size among wild house mice from around the world. Through comparisons with a smaller-bodied wild-derived strain from the same subspecies (WSB/EiJ), we demonstrate that Gough Island mice achieve their exceptional body weight primarily by growing faster during the 6 weeks after birth. We use genetic mapping in large F2 intercrosses between Gough Island mice and WSB/EiJ to identify 19 quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for the evolution of 16-week weight trajectories: 8 QTL for body weight and 11 QTL for growth rate. QTL exhibit modest effects that are mostly additive. We conclude that body size evolution on islands can be genetically complex, even when substantial size changes occur rapidly. In comparisons to published studies of laboratory strains of mice that were artificially selected for divergent body sizes, we discover that the overall genetic profile of size evolution in nature and in the laboratory is similar, but many contributing loci are distinct. Our results underscore the power of genetically characterizing the entire growth trajectory in wild populations and lay the foundation necessary for identifying the mutations responsible for extreme body size evolution in nature.
Antibiotic Exposure and Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Horton Daniel B. , Scott Frank I. , Haynes Kevin , Putt Mary E. , Rose Carlos D. , Lewis James D. , Strom Brian L. 
Published: July 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Recent evidence has linked childhood antibiotic use and microbiome disturbance to autoimmune conditions. This study tested the hypothesis that antibiotic exposure was associated with newly diagnosed juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

METHODS:
We performed a nested case–control study in a population-representative medical records database from the United Kingdom. Children with newly diagnosed JIA were compared with age- and gender-matched control subjects randomly selected from general practices containing at least 1 case, excluding those with inflammatory bowel disease, immunodeficiency, or other systemic rheumatic diseases. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine the association between antibacterial antibiotics (including number of antibiotic courses and timing) and JIA after adjusting for significant confounders.

RESULTS:
Any antibiotic exposure was associated with an increased rate of developing JIA (adjusted odds ratio: 2.1 [95% confidence interval: 1.2–3.5]). This relationship was dose dependent (adjusted odds ratio over 5 antibiotic courses: 3.0 [95% confidence interval: 1.6–5.6]), strongest for exposures within 1 year of diagnosis, and did not substantively change when adjusting for number or type of infections. In contrast, nonbacterial antimicrobial agents (eg, antifungal, antiviral) were not associated with JIA. In addition, antibiotic-treated upper respiratory tract infections were more strongly associated with JIA than untreated upper respiratory tract infections.

CONCLUSIONS:
Antibiotics were associated with newly diagnosed JIA in a dose- and time-dependent fashion in a large pediatric population. Antibiotic exposure may play a role in JIA pathogenesis, perhaps mediated through alterations in the microbiome.
Use of Serum Bicarbonate to Substitute for Venous pH in New-Onset Diabetes
Authors: von Oettingen Julia , Wolfsdorf Joseph , Feldman Henry A. , Rhodes Erinn T. 
Published: July 2015

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate whether serum bicarbonate (HCO3) levels can be used to accurately diagnose diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and classify its severity in children with new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM).

METHODS:
Retrospective study of all patients with NODM presenting to Boston Children’s Hospital from October 1, 2007, to July 1, 2013. DKA was defined as blood glucose ≥200 mg/dL, venous pH (vpH) &lt;7.3, and urine ketones ≥2+, and severe DKA as vpH &lt;7.1. Linear regression was used to assess serum HCO3 as a predictor of vpH, and logistic regression to evaluate serum HCO3 as a predictor of DKA and severe DKA.

RESULTS:
Of 690 study cohort subjects (47% girls, age 10.8 ± 4.3 years, 76.7% white), 19.4% presented with DKA. The relationship between serum HCO3 and vpH was log-linear (r = 0.87, 95% CI 0.85–0.89, P &lt; .001). HCO3 predicted vpH (R2 0.75, P &lt; .001) using the formula vpH = 6.81301 + (0.17823*ln[HCO3]) and DKA and severe DKA (c-statistic 0.97 [95% CI 0.96–0.99, P &lt; .001] and 0.99 [95% CI 0.991–0.999, P &lt; .001], respectively). HCO3 cutoffs of &lt;18 and &lt;8 mmol/L had sensitivities of 91.8% and 95.2%, and specificities of 91.7% and 96.7%, respectively, to diagnose DKA and severe DKA. Findings were similar in a validation cohort of 197 subjects.

CONCLUSIONS:
Serum HCO3 concentration alone can substitute for vpH to diagnose DKA and classify severity in children with NODM. It is suggested as an alternative to reliance on vpH, especially in settings in which access to vpH measurement is limited.
A Tailored Family-Based Obesity Intervention: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Taylor Rachael W. , Cox Adell , Knight Lee , Brown Deirdre A. , Meredith-Jones Kim , Haszard Jillian J. , Dawson Anna M. , Taylor Barry J. , Williams Sheila M. 
Published: July 2015

OBJECTIVE:
To determine whether a 2-year family-based intervention using frequent contact and limited expert involvement was effective in reducing excessive weight compared with usual care.

METHODS:
Two hundred and six overweight and obese (BMI ≥85th percentile) children aged 4 to 8 years were randomized to usual care (UC) or tailored package (TP) sessions at university research rooms. UC families received personalized feedback and generalized advice regarding healthy lifestyles at baseline and 6 months. TP families attended a single multidisciplinary session to develop specific goals suitable for each family, then met with a mentor each month for 12 months, and every third month for another 12 months to discuss progress and provide support. Outcome measurements (anthropometry, questionnaires, dietary intake, accelerometry) were obtained at 0, 12, and 24 months.

RESULTS:
BMI at 24 months was significantly lower in TP compared with UC children (difference, 95% confidence interval: –0.34, –0.65 to –0.02), as was BMI z score (–0.12, –0.20 to –0.04) and waist circumference (–1.5, –2.5 to –0.5 cm). TP children consumed more fruit and vegetables (P = .038) and fewer noncore foods (P = .020) than UC children, and fewer noncore foods were available in the home (P = .002). TP children were also more physically active (P = .035). No differences in parental feeding practices, parenting, quality of life, child sleep, or behavior were observed.

CONCLUSIONS:
Frequent, low-dose support was effective for reducing excessive weight in predominantly mild to moderately overweight children over a 2-year period. Such initiatives could feasibly be incorporated into primary care.
Trisomy 21 and Risk of Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Movsas Tammy Z. , Spitzer Alan R. , Gewolb Ira H. 
Published: July 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Trisomy 21 is known to decrease the risk of several (nonocular) angiogenic-mediated diseases. The objective of this study was to determine whether trisomy 21 can also be shown to be significantly protective against ocular angiogenic-mediated disorders such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

METHODS:
A retrospective analysis of deidentified data from the Pediatrix BabySteps Clinical Warehouse. This large repository of neonatal data is approved for use in research studies by the Western Institutional Review Board. The study population consisted of 99 080 infants with very low birth weights (BWs; BW &lt;1500 g), born between 1996 and 2013, cared for at &gt;300 US NICUs, and who had been discharged alive from hospital. Statistical significance for unadjusted comparisons between groups was determined with Pearson’s χ2 test or Student’s t test. Logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds of ROP (of any stage) and advanced ROP (stage 3 or greater) for infants with trisomy 21 compared with all other infants.

RESULTS:
The prevalence of trisomy 21 was 0.3% in the study population (321 of 99 080). After adjustment for BW, gestational age, oxygen exposure, and other potential confounders, there was an odds ratio of 0.6 (95% confidence interval: 0.5–0.8) for ROP in infants with trisomy 21compared with other infants and an odds ratio of 0.4 (95% confidence interval: 0.1–0.9) for advanced-stage ROP.

CONCLUSIONS:
Trisomy 21 significantly decreases the odds for ROP in very low BW infant survivors. This study unmasks a potentially identifiable genetic component to ROP risk, paving the way for the development of a laboratory-based ROP screening tool.