bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Gnotobiotic Mouse Model Demonstrates That Dietary Fiber Protects against Colorectal Tumorigenesis in a Microbiota- and Butyrate-Dependent Manner
Authors: Donohoe Dallas R. , Holley Darcy , Collins Leonard B. , Montgomery Stephanie A. , Whitmore Alan C. , Hillhouse Andrew , Curry Kaitlin P. , Renner Sarah W. , Greenwalt Alicia , Ryan Elizabeth P. , Godfrey Virginia , Heise Mark T. , Threadgill Deborah S. , Han Anna , Swenberg James A. , Threadgill David W. , Bultman Scott J. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Whether dietary fiber protects against colorectal cancer is controversial because of conflicting results from human epidemiologic studies. However, these studies and mouse models of colorectal cancer have not controlled the composition of gut microbiota, which ferment fiber into short-chain fatty acids such as butyrate. Butyrate is noteworthy because it has energetic and epigenetic functions in colonocytes and tumor-suppressive properties in colorectal cancer cell lines. We used gnotobiotic mouse models colonized with wild-type or mutant strains of a butyrate-producing bacterium to demonstrate that fiber does have a potent tumor-suppressive effect but in a microbiota- and butyrate-dependent manner. Furthermore, due to the Warburg effect, butyrate was metabolized less in tumors where it accumulated and functioned as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor to stimulate histone acetylation and affect apoptosis and cell proliferation. To support the relevance of this mechanism in human cancer, we demonstrate that butyrate and histone-acetylation levels are elevated in colorectal adenocarcinomas compared with normal colonic tissues.
Significance: These results, which link diet and microbiota to a tumor-suppressive metabolite, provide insight into conflicting epidemiologic findings and suggest that probiotic/prebiotic strategies can modulate an endogenous HDAC inhibitor for anticancer chemoprevention without the adverse effects associated with synthetic HDAC inhibitors used in chemotherapy. Cancer Discov; 4(12); 1387–97. ©2014 AACR.
See related commentary by Sebastián and Mostoslavsky, p. 1368
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1355
Comprehensive Genomic Profiling of Pancreatic Acinar Cell Carcinomas Identifies Recurrent RAF Fusions and Frequent Inactivation of DNA Repair Genes
Authors: Chmielecki Juliann , Hutchinson Katherine E. , Frampton Garrett M. , Chalmers Zachary R. , Johnson Adrienne , Shi Chanjuan , Elvin Julia , Ali Siraj M. , Ross Jeffrey S. , Basturk Olca , Balasubramanian Sohail , Lipson Doron , Yelensky Roman , Pao William , Miller Vincent A. , Klimstra David S. , Stephens Philip J. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Pancreatic acinar cell carcinomas (PACC) account for approximately 1% (∼500 cases) of pancreatic cancer diagnoses annually in the United States. Oncogenic therapuetic targets have proven elusive in this disease, and chemotherapy and radiotherapy have demonstrated limited efficacy against these tumors. Comprehensive genomic profiling of a large series of PACCs (n = 44) identified recurrent rearrangements involving BRAF and RAF1 (CRAF) in approximately 23% of tumors. The most prevalent fusion, SND1–BRAF, resulted in activation of the MAPK pathway, which was abrogated with MEK inhibition. SND1–BRAF-transformed cells were sensitive to treatment with the MEK inhibitor trametinib. PACCs lacking RAF rearrangements were significantly enriched for genomic alterations, causing inactivation of DNA repair genes (45%); these genomic alterations have been associated with sensitivity to platinum-based therapies and PARP inhibitors. Collectively, these results identify potentially actionable genomic alterations in the majority of PACCs and provide a rationale for using personalized therapies in this disease.
Significance: PACC is genomically distinct from other pancreatic cancers. Fusions in RAF genes and mutually exclusive inactivation of DNA repair genes represent novel potential therapeutic targets that are altered in over two thirds of these tumors. Cancer Discov; 4(12); 1398–1405. ©2014 AACR.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1355
Street-based Corruption in the Philippines: Motives, Ethical Considerations and Organizational Context
Authors: Nolasco Liberty , Sevillano Kurt , Regala Angeli , Tieng Deneisha 
Published: September 2014

Mainstream studies generally focus on the formal organizational context of corruption, leaving out its informal complexity. This study seeks to examine street-based corruption, or kotongan, as a case of informal complexity of organizational corruption widely occurring in the major thoroughfares of the Philippines. Kotongan refers to the payment of bribe, called kotong or areglo, by the drivers to the state authorities (for example, police, traffic managers and local government personnel), respectively. This study takes the views of 16 bus and jeepney drivers based in Baclaran, Batangas, Buendia and Molino to explain the practice and enforcement of kotongan. A framework has been developed in this study in which the motives of drivers, their ethical decision-making considerations and the organizational support received by state authorities from connections serve as crucial elements. The study also reveals that corruption involves a process of communication preference for bribery, as well as the negotiation and agreement between drivers and apprehending parties. These processes are all backed up by different sets of motivators and ethical considerations in the decision making of drivers, and the changing configuration of support shown to state authorities by their connections. JEL: K42
Patient-specific tube-voltage selection at coronary CT angiography based on the combination of X-ray attenuation on scout views and body mass index: how can appropriate radiation dose be achieved?
Authors: Noto Daichi , Funama Yoshinori , Utsunomiya Daisuke , Oda Seitaro , Yuki Hideaki , Yamashita Yasuyuki 
Published: September 2014

Background Body weight, body mass index (BMI), and scout X-ray radiographic attenuation can be used to predict image noise on computed tomographic coronary angiography (CTCA) images. Purpose To use a formula to predict patient-specific image noise and then select an appropriate CTCA patient-specific tube voltage for better radiation control. Material and Methods Forty-eight patients who underwent CTCA imaging at 120 kVp were reviewed, and their patient information and scouting X-ray radiographic attenuations were recorded to identify the best correlations between patient data and image noise and to develop a predicted image noise formula. Subsequently, 54 patients subjected to scanning at 100 or 120 kVp, depending on the noise predicted by our formula, were prospectively studied. Two radiologists visually assessed the image quality of the right coronary artery (RCA), left anterior descending artery (LAD), and left circumflex artery (LCX) by consensus readings. Results The predicted image noise = 0.939 BMI + 0.025 scouting attenuation + 20.16. The median value of the overall image noise was 30.55 HU at 120 kVp and 29.85 HU at 100 kVp. The mean visual evaluation scores at 100 and 120 kVp were 3.25 and 3.24 for the proximal RCA, 3.40 and 3.26 for the proximal LAD, and 3.30 and 3.15 for the proximal LCX, respectively. Conclusion The BMI and scouting X-ray radiographic attenuation can be combined to predict the CTCA image noise. Our prediction formula is useful for deciding when to switch from the 120- to the 100-kVp technique.
Opening the Black Box
Authors: Evenboer K. E. , Huyghen A. M. N. , Tuinstra J. , Reijneveld S. A. , Knorth E. J. 
Published: September 2014

Objective: The Taxonomy of Care for Youth was developed to gather information about the care offered to children and adolescents with behavioral and emotional problems in various care settings. The aim was to determine similarities and differences in the content of care and thereby to classify the care offered to these children and youth within and across care organizations. Method: Interventions ( N = 56) offered in primary health care, child and youth care, and mental health care were assessed by using descriptors. Professionals scored the degree of applicability of these descriptors and interventions with similar descriptors were merged. Results: As a result, the interventions could be classified into 7 main types of support and the total number of interventions reduced to 27. Conclusion: The descriptors used in this study were able to classify the various kinds of care offered based on their content, thereby creating an overview of distinct interventions.
Analysis of Vascular Closure Devices After Transbrachial Artery Access
Authors: Mirza Aleem K. H. , Steerman Samuel N. , Ahanchi Sadaf S. , Higgins Jonathan A. , Mushti Sirisha , Panneton Jean M. 
Published: September 2014

Introduction: We seek to determine whether vascular closure devices (VCDs) are safe and effective for brachial artery access. Methods: A retrospective review of brachial artery access using either manual compression (MC) or a VCD for hemostasis from November 2005 to February 2011 was performed. Results: Brachial artery access was performed on 154 limbs: MC on 134 limbs and VCD on 20 limbs. The incidence of thrombotic (VCD n = 0 [0%] vs MC n = 7 [5.2%], P = .37), hemorrhagic complications (VCD n = 1 [5%] vs MC n = 7 [5.2%], P = .72), or major adverse events (VCD n = 1 [5%] vs MC n = 16 [12%], P = .32) was not significantly different between the techniques. After univariate and multivariate analysis, female sex ( P = .07, relative risk [RR] = 5.7), sheath size > 6F ( P = .008, RR = 14.6), and diagnostic versus interventional procedure ( P = .04, RR = 0.4) all impacted the occurrence of thrombosis. Conclusions: Use of VCD in the brachial artery following an endovascular procedure showed equivalence to MC.
Comparison of two methods of collecting healthcare usage data in chiropractic clinics: patient-report versus documentation in patient files
Authors: Houweling Taco , Bolton Jennifer , Newell David 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Background
The use of patient-reported questionnaires to collect information on costs associated with routine healthcare services, such as chiropractic, represents a less labour intensive alternative to retrieving these data from patient files. The aim of this paper was to compare patient-report versus patient files for the collection of data describing healthcare usage in chiropractic clinics.

Methods
As part of a prospective single cohort multi-centre study, data on the number of visits made to chiropractic clinics determined using patient-reported questionnaires or as recorded in patient files were compared three months following the start of treatment. These data were analysed for agreement using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and the 95% Limits of Agreement.

Results
Eighty-nine patients that had undergone chiropractic care were included in the present study. The two methods yielded an ICC of 0.83 (95% CI = 0.75 to 0.88). However, there was a significant difference between the data collection methods, with an average of 0.6 (95% CI = 0.25 to 1.01) additional visits reported in patient files. The 95% Limits of Agreement ranged from 3 fewer visits to 4 additional visits in patient files relative to the number of visits recalled by patients.

Conclusion
There was some discrepancy between the number of visits made to the clinic recalled by patients compared to the number recorded in patient files. This should be taken into account in future evaluations of costs of treatments.
Diagnostic utility of musculoskeletal ultrasound in patients with suspected arthritis – a probabilistic approach
Authors: Rezaei Hamed , Torp-Pedersen Søren , af Klint Erik , Backheden Magnus , Kisten Yogan , Györi Noémi , van Vollenhoven Ronald F 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Introduction
This study aimed to assess the utility of musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) in patients with joint symptoms using a probabilistic approach.

Methods
One hundred and three patients without prior rheumatologic diagnosis and referred to our clinic for evaluation of inflammatory arthritis were included. Patients were assessed clinically including joint examination, laboratory testing including acute-phase reactants, rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti citrulinated protein antibody (ACPA), and radiographs of hands and feet if clinically indicated. A diagnostic assessment was then performed by the responsible rheumatologist where the probability of a) any inflammatory arthritis and b) rheumatoid arthritis was given on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 to 20% up to 80 to 100% probability. Subsequently, an ultrasound examination of the wrist, metacarpophalangeal (MCP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints 2 to 5 in both hands, metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints 2 to 5 in both feet and any symptomatic joints was performed and the results presented to the same rheumatologist. The latter then assessed the diagnostic probabilities again, using the same scale.

Results
The rheumatologists' certainty for presence/absence of inflammatory arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis was increased significantly following ultrasound performance. The proportion of patient for whom diagnostic certainty for inflammatory arthritis was maximal was 33.0% before and 71.8% after musculoskeletal ultrasound (P <0.001). With regard to a diagnosis of RA, the proportions were 31.1% pre-test and 61.2% post-test (P <0.001). MSUS findings agreed with the final diagnosis in 95% of patients.

Conclusion
Musculoskeletal ultrasound, when added to routine rheumatologic investigation, greatly increases the diagnostic certainty in patients referred for the evaluation of inflammatory arthritis. The changes from pre-test to post-test probability quantify the diagnostic utility of musculoskeletal ultrasound in probabilistic terms.
Multi-Institutional Study of Post-Transplantation Cyclophosphamide As Single-Agent Graft-Versus-Host Disease Prophylaxis After Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation Using Myeloablative Busulfan and Fludarabine Conditioning
Authors: Kanakry Christopher G. , O'Donnell Paul V. , Furlong Terry , de Lima Marcos J. , Wei Wei , Medeot Marta , Mielcarek Marco , Champlin Richard E. , Jones Richard J. , Thall Peter F. , Andersson Borje S. , Luznik Leo 
Published: September 2014

PurposeThe clinical safety and efficacy of intravenous busulfan and fludarabine (IV Bu/Flu) myeloablative conditioning as well as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis with high-dose, post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) have been demonstrated independently in several single-institutional studies. We hypothesized that combining these two promising approaches in a multi-institutional study of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) -matched bone marrow transplantation would provide low rates of severe acute and chronic GVHD, low toxicity, and effective disease control.Patients and MethodsNinety-two adult patients (median age, 49 years; range, 21 to 65 years) with high-risk hematologic malignancies were enrolled at three centers (clinical trial No. NCT00809276). Forty-five patients received related allografts, and 47 received unrelated allografts. GVHD prophylaxis was solely with PTCy at 50 mg/kg/day on post-transplantation days +3 and +4.ResultsThe cumulative incidences of grades 2 to 4 acute, grades 3 to 4 acute, and chronic GVHD were 51%, 15%, and 14%, respectively. Nonrelapse mortality (NRM) at 100 days and 1 year were 9% and 16%, respectively. With a median follow-up period of 2.2 years, the 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 62% and 67%, respectively. Donor relatedness did not affect NRM, DFS, or OS. Patients in complete remission (CR) without evidence of minimal residual disease (MRD) had markedly better DFS (80%) and OS (80%) than patients in CR with MRD or with active disease at the time of transplantation (DFS, P = .0005; OS, P = .019).ConclusionThis multi-institutional study demonstrates that PTCy can be safely and effectively combined with IV Bu/Flu myeloablative conditioning and confirms PTCy's efficacy as single-agent, short-course GVHD prophylaxis for both acute and chronic GVHD after bone marrow transplantation from HLA-matched donors.
Shorter-Duration Therapy Using Vincristine, Dactinomycin, and Lower-Dose Cyclophosphamide With or Without Radiotherapy for Patients With Newly Diagnosed Low-Risk Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Report From the Soft Tissue Sarcoma Committee of the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Walterhouse David O. , Pappo Alberto S. , Meza Jane L. , Breneman John C. , Hayes-Jordan Andrea A. , Parham David M. , Cripe Timothy P. , Anderson James R. , Meyer William H. , Hawkins Douglas S. 
Published: September 2014

Purpose Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group (IRSG) studies III and IV showed improved failure-free survival (FFS) rates with vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide (VAC; total cumulative cyclophosphamide dose, 26.4 g/m2) compared with vincristine and dactinomycin (VA) for patients with subset-one low-risk embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS; stage 1/2 group I/II ERMS or stage 1 group III orbit ERMS). The objective of Children's Oncology Group ARST0331 was to reduce the length of therapy without compromising FFS for this subset of low-risk patients by using VA in combination with lower-dose cyclophosphamide (total cumulative dose, 4.8 g/m2) plus radiotherapy (RT). Patients and Methods This noninferiority prospective clinical trial enrolled newly diagnosed patients with subset-one clinical features. Therapy included four cycles of VAC followed by four cycles of VA over 22 weeks. Patients with microscopic or gross residual disease at study entry received RT. Results With a median follow-up of 4.3 years, we observed 35 failures among 271 eligible patients versus 48.4 expected failures, calculated using a fixed outcome based on the FFS expected for similar patients treated on the IRSG D9602 protocol. The estimated 3-year FFS rate was 89% (95% CI, 85% to 92%), and the overall survival rate was 98% (95% CI, 95% to 99%). Patients with paratesticular tumors had the most favorable outcome. Three-year cumulative incidence rates for any local, regional, or distant failures were 7.6%, 1.5%, and 3.4%, respectively. Conclusion Shorter-duration therapy that included lower-dose cyclophosphamide and RT did not compromise FFS for patients with subset-one low-risk ERMS.
Beating Irrationality: Does Delegating to IT Alleviate the Sunk Cost Effect?
Authors: Herrmann Philipp N. , Kundisch Dennis O. , Rahman Mohammad S. 
Published: September 2014

We investigate the impact of delegating decision making to information technology (IT) on an important human decision bias—the sunk cost effect. To address our research question, we use a unique data set containing actual market transaction data for approximately 7,000 pay-per-bid auctions. In contrast with the laboratory experiments of previous related studies, our research presents the unique advantage of investigating the effects of IT-enabled automated bidding agents on the occurrence of a decision bias in real market transactions. We identify normatively irrational decision scenarios and analyze consumer behavior in these situations. Our findings show that participants with a higher behavioral investment are more likely to violate the assumption of normative economic rationality because of the sunk cost effect. More importantly, we observe that the delegation of auction participation, i.e., actual bidding, to IT significantly reduces the occurrence of the sunk cost effect in subsequent decisions made by the same individual. We can attribute this reduction to the comparably lower behavioral investments incurred by auction participants who delegate their bidding to IT. In particular, by mitigating different contributors of behavioral investments, delegating to IT reduces the likelihood of the occurrence of the sunk cost effect by more than 50%.This paper was accepted by Sandra Slaughter, information systems.
The effects of sensory integration therapy on verbal expression and engagement in children with autism
Authors: Preis Janet , McKenna Meaghan 
Published: September 2014

Background/Aim: Sensory-based interventions, including sensory integration therapy (SIT), are one of the most highly requested and provided services for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Although SIT is predominantly provided by occupational therapists, other service providers, including speech-language pathologists, are expected to understand and, on occasion, are requested to integrate SIT into their treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine whether: (a) SIT improved the communication skills of children with autism, specifically spontaneity, complexity of utterance, and engagement; (b) effects continued following the provision of SIT; and (c) effects were consistent across young children with autism with different learning profiles. Methods: A single-subject applied behaviour analysis design was implemented to assess the effectiveness of SIT on verbal spontaneity, grammatical complexity (measured through mean length of utterance) and engagement in four young children with ASD, measuring each area before, during and after SIT. The effects of sensory integration intervention were measured by comparing each participant's expressive language and engagement in a no-treatment phase (A phase) to those same skills in the treatment phase (B phase). Findings: All of the participants performed best in the occupational therapy or post-occupational therapy conditions for spontaneity, complexity of utterance, and engagement, and the worst in the pre-occupational therapy condition. Specifically, the greatest percentage of spontaneity was noted post-SIT, with the longest measured length of utterance during SIT, and the greatest engagement found both during and post-SIT. The pre-SIT condition consistently ranked as the lowest for all dependent measures. Conclusions: Results from this small study indicate that the SIT condition (occupational therapy) yielded better communication and engagement than the condition immediately prior (pre-occupational therapy); therefore, specific components of SIT need to be examined, particularly issues of motivation and momentum.
The Surface Modification of Zeolite 4A and Its Effect on the Water-Absorption Capability of Starch-G-Poly (Acrylic Acid) Composite
Authors: Yan Zhang , Lin Zhao , Kai Ma , Guozhu Mao 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe surface modification of Zeolite 4A using cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as a modifier via an ultrasonic method was carried out and the surface physicochemical properties measured. Response surface methodology (RSM) was developed with CTAB concentration, handling time, and handling temperature as variables, to help predict the performance of the modified zeolite under particular conditions. The influence of organic-modified surface treatment and of the amount of modified zeolite on the water-absorption capability of starch-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel composites was also assessed. The results showed that the channels and skeleton structure of zeolite 4A were unchanged after organic modification by CTAB and the surface modification was effective. The results suggest that organic-modified zeolite 4A has improved the water-absorption capability.