bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of tamoxifen on fatty degeneration and atrophy of rotator cuff muscles in chronic rotator cuff tear: An animal model study
Authors: Cho Edward , Zhang Yue , Pruznak Anne , Kim H. Mike 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTFatty degeneration of the rotator cuff muscles is an irreversible change resulting from chronic rotator cuff tear and is associated with poor clinical outcomes following rotator cuff repair. We evaluated the effect of Tamoxifen, a competitive estrogen receptor inhibitor, on fatty degeneration using a mouse model for chronic rotator cuff tear. Sixteen adult mice were divided into two diet groups (Tamoxifen vs. Regular) and subjected to surgical creation of a large rotator cuff tear and suprascapular nerve transection in their left shoulder with the right shoulder serving as a control. The rotator cuff muscles were harvested at 16 weeks and subjected to histology and RT‐PCR for adipogenic and myogenic markers. Histology showed substantially decreased atrophy and endomysial inflammation in Tamoxifen group, but no significant differences in the amount of intramuscular adipocytes and lipid droplets compared to the Regular group. With RT‐PCR, the operated shoulders showed significant upregulation of myogenin and PPAR‐γ, and downregulation of myostatin compared to the nonsurgical shoulder. No significant differences of gene expression were found between the two diet groups. Our study demonstrated that tamoxifen diet leads to decreased muscle atrophy and inflammatory changes following chronic rotator cuff tear, but has no apparent effect on adipogenesis. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1846–1853, 2015.
Long‐term functional outcomes after total tongue reconstruction: Consideration of flap types, volume, and functional results
Authors: Jeong Woon Hyeok , Lee Won Jai , Roh Tai Suk , Lew Dae Hyun , Yun In Sik 
Published: June 2015

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the long‐term results of flap volume change, swallowing capacity, speech intelligibility, and differences between vertical rectus musculocutaneous (VRAM) and anterolateral musculocutaneous (ALT) free flaps in total tongue reconstruction.Patients and methodsWe retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 31 patients who underwent total tongue reconstruction with VRAM (24 cases) and ALT flap (7 cases). The mean age of patients was 52.09 ± 2.25 years. The tumor types were as follows: squamous cell carcinoma (28 cases), adenoid cystic carcinoma (2 cases), and metastatic cancer (1 case). The flap volume was determined based on clinical and imaging examinations. Swallowing and speech function were analyzed using seven‐point rating scales.ResultsAll flaps survived eventually after surgery; however, 1 patient underwent VRAM flap experienced partial flap necrosis, wound dehiscence in 4 patients underwent VRAM flap, and infection in 3 patients (VRAM; 2 patients, ALT; 1 patient). The mean follow‐up period was 3.97 ± 0.54 years. The volume of the flaps remained relatively constant over time. The swallowing capacity positively correlated with the flap volume (P < 0.0001); however, the speech intelligibility did not correlate with the flap volume in analysis of total cohort. There were no statistical differences in functional outcomes between the two types of reconstructed flaps (P > 0.05).ConclusionThe preservation of flap volume was important to achieve superior swallowing capacity; however, it was insufficient to promote the speech outcome. The functional outcomes did not differ depending on the type of flap. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 37:190–196, 2017.
Identification and Validation Novel of VIM‐2 Metallo‐β‐lactamase Tripeptide Inhibitors
Authors: Xiao Jing , Fang Mi , Shi Yun , Chen Hui , Shen Bingzhen , Chen Jiao , Lao Xingzhen , Xu Hanmei , Zheng Heng 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe development of novel inhibitors against metallo‐β‐lactamase is essential to remedy metallo‐β‐lactamase mediated bacterial resistance. A recently emerged metallo‐β‐lactamase, VIM‐2, has demonstrated resistance to existing β‐lactamase inhibitors in the clinic. In this study, a hybrid virtual screening protocol that combines pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking, and calculation of binding free energy was employed to screen an internal tripeptide database for novel inhibitors against VIM‐2. This resulted in four tripeptides (WWC, WCW, MCW, YCW) as potential inhibitors, and their effects on VIM‐2 metallo‐β‐lactamase were subsequently tested in vitro. Significantly, two peptides (MCW, YCW) exhibited potent inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 18.15 µM and 52.9 µM, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first study that employed the hybrid virtual screening of combinational peptide database and discovered potent peptide inhibitors of VIM‐2 metallo‐β‐lactamase.
Cross‐Mapping of Protein – Ligand Binding Data Between ChEMBL and PDBbind
Authors: Liu Zhihai , Li Jie , Liu Jie , Liu Yuchen , Nie Wei , Han Li , Li Yan , Wang Renxiao 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe ChEMBL database is a valuable open data source, which provides a comprehensive collection of binding data, functional and ADMET properties of bioactive compounds. The PDBbind database has a more focused scope, i.e. collecting binding data for the protein‐ligand complexes in the Protein Data Bank. Currently, the PDBbind collection of binding data is rather modest as compared to the ChEMBL collection (∼13 000 versus ∼1.3 million). One may suspect if the former is actually a subset of the latter. In this study, we mapped the molecular information and protein‐ligand binding data in PDBbind to the records in ChEMBL, and then analyzed the overlap between the binding data recorded in these two databases. Our results indicate that only ∼20 % of the binding data in PDBbind can find their counterparts in ChEMBL. Thus, the PDBbind collection of binding data is largely complementary to the ChEMBL collection. We also reveal two reasons accounting for the low overlap between two databases: First, only a minor fraction of the protein‐ligand complexes in PDBbind is covered by ChEMBL; Second, the literature spaces screened by these two databases do not have a substantial overlap either. The value of focused databases versus more comprehensive ones is demonstrated by our study.
Consumption of polyunsaturated fat improves the saturated fatty acid‐mediated impairment of HDL antioxidant potential
Authors: Cedó Lídia , Metso Jari , Santos David , Sánchez‐Quesada Jose Luís , Julve Josep , García‐León Annabel , Mora‐Brugués Josefina , Jauhiainen Matti , Blanco‐Vaca Francisco , Escolà‐Gil Joan Carles 
Published: June 2015

ScopeThe present study aimed to compare the effects of diets containing high‐fat, high‐cholesterol and saturated fatty acids (HFHC‐SFA) and HFHC‐polyunsaturated fatty acids‐containing (HFHC‐PUFA) diets on two major antiatherogenic functions of HDL, the HDL antioxidant function and the macrophage‐to‐feces reverse cholesterol transport.Methods and resultsExperiments were carried out in mice fed a low‐fat, low‐cholesterol (LFLC) diet, an HFHC‐SFA diet or an HFHC‐PUFA diet in which SFAs were partly replaced with an alternative high‐linoleic and α‐linolenic fat source. The HFHC‐SFA caused a significant increase in serum HDL cholesterol and phospholipids as well as elevated levels of oxidized HDL and oxidized LDL. Replacing SFA with PUFA significantly reduced the levels of these oxidized lipoproteins and enhanced the ability of HDL to protect LDL from oxidation. The SFA‐mediated impairment of HDL antioxidant potential was not associated with the cholesterol content of the diet, obesity or insulin resistance. In contrast, the effect of the HFHC diets on fecal macrophage‐derived cholesterol excretion was independent of the fatty acid source.ConclusionSFA intake impairs the antioxidant potential of HDL and increases serum levels of oxidized lipoprotein species whereas the antioxidant potential of HDL is enhanced after PUFA consumption.
Nerve ultrasound in miller fisher variant of Guillain–Barré syndrome
Authors: Décard Bernhard F. , Fladt Joachim , Axer Hubertus , Fischer Dirk , Grimm Alexander 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Focal enlargement of the peripheral and spinal nerves, visualized using high‐resolution ultrasound (HRUS), has been reported in early Guillain–Barré syndrome, but not in the Miller Fisher variant. We report the use of HRUS in 2 patients who presented with acute ataxic neuropathy, areflexia, and ophthalmoparesis. Methods: Ultrasound and/or nerve conduction studies (NCS) of peripheral nerves, the vagus, and spinal nerves C5/6 were performed at onset and 2 weeks after immunoglobulin therapy. Results: Both patients fulfilled criteria for diagnosis of Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS). Laboratory findings revealed elevated ganglioside Q1b antibodies in both and an albuminolocytologic dissociation in 1 patient. In addition, 1 patient had NCS evidence for demyelinating neuropathy. However, ultrasound showed focal enlargement in the vagus, the spinal nerves, and/or in the peripheral nerves in both patients. After therapy, nerve enlargement decreased in parallel with clinical improvement. Conclusion: Spinal and/or peripheral nerve enlargement supports the diagnosis of MFS in early phases of the disease. Muscle Nerve 52: 1106–1110, 2015
Lagrangian vortices in developing tropical cyclones
Authors: Rutherford B. , Dunkerton T. J. , Montgomery M. T. 
Published: June 2015

Tracking pre‐genesis tropical cyclones is important for earlier detection of developing systems as well as targeting potential locations for dropsondes in field experiments. The use of a reference frame moving with the disturbance gives a more accurate depiction of streamlines and closed circulation than the Earth‐relative frame. However, identification of recirculating regions does not require a choice of reference frame when marked by the Galilean invariant Eulerian Okubo–Weiss (OW) parameter. While the Eulerian OW parameter is generally effective at identifying vortex cores at a given place and a given time, it has its limitations in weak disturbances and in time‐dependent flows. Integrating the eigenvalue of the velocity gradient tensor along particle trajectories provides a time‐smoothing of the Eulerian OW parameter, and provides earlier detection with fewer false alarms. We refer to this integration along trajectories as the Lagrangian OW parameter. When mapped to a horizontal grid it becomes a Lagrangian OW field.The Lagrangian OW field has advantages over the Eulerian OW field in the detail of additional flow structures that it identifies. The Lagrangian OW field shows the Lagrangian boundaries that are present as a disturbance develops from an easterly wave, and a shear sheath that forms when a disturbance becomes self‐sustaining, typically at tropical storm strength. Since all of these structures are Lagrangian, they are advected with the flow field, and display the continuous evolution of coherent flow features as the fluid evolves.Examples of the use of the Lagrangian OW field are given for ECMWF forecast data from the 2014 Atlantic hurricane season. All of the Lagrangian coherent structures that can be identified by this field are shown for developing disturbances and mature cyclones. The Lagrangian OW field also shows additional details of vortex mergers, and is used to identify a stable crystal lattice configuration in which vorticity does not aggregate.
Quantifying workspace and forces of surgical dissection during robot‐assisted neurosurgery
Authors: Maddahi Yaser , Gan Liu Shi , Zareinia Kourosh , Lama Sanju , Sepehri Nariman , Sutherland Garnette R. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundA prerequisite for successful robot‐assisted neurosurgery is to use a hand‐controller matched with characteristics of real robotic microsurgery. This study reports quantified data pertaining to the required workspace and exerted forces of surgical tools during robot‐assisted microsurgery.MethodsA surgeon conducted four operations in which the neuroArm surgical system, an image‐guided computer‐assisted manipulator specifically designed to perform robot‐assisted neurosurgery, was employed to surgically remove brain tumors. The position, orientation, and exerted force of surgical tools were measured during operations.ResultsWorkspace of the neuroArm manipulators, for the cases studied, was 60×60×60 mm3 while it offered orientation ranges of 103°, 62° and 112°. The surgical tools exerted a maximum force of 1.86 N with frequency band of less than 20 Hz.ConclusionsThis data provides important information specific to neurosurgery that can be used to select among commercially available, or further design a customized, haptic hand‐controller for robot‐assisted neurosurgical systems. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An empirical investigation into path divergences for concolic execution using CREST
Authors: Chen Ting , Lin Xiaodong , Huang Jin , Bacchus Abel , Zhang Xiaosong 
Published: June 2015

AbstractRecently, concolic execution has become a hotspot in the domain of software testing and program analysis. However, a practical challenge, called path divergence, impairs the soundness and completeness of concolic execution. A path divergence indicates the tested program runs an unpredicted path. In this work, we carry out a comprehensive empirical study on path divergences using an open‐source concolic execution tool, named CREST. To make the investigation representative, we select 120 test units randomly from 21 different open‐source programs. The results are interesting, and will provide insight to solve the challenging path‐divergence problem. First, about one‐half of test units suffer from path divergences, indicating path divergences are so prevalent that the issue is worthy of great attention. Second, quite a number of generated test inputs drive test units to take divergent paths. This means testers need considerable effort to eliminate the misleading test inputs before aggregating them to a test suite. Third, we dig out ten divergent patterns through manual analysis of each path divergence. Among them, the three most prevalent ones, which are exceptions, external calls, and type casts, lead to almost 82% of path divergences. Finally, we discuss several countermeasures to overcome path divergences. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lattice‐based multi‐use unidirectional proxy re‐encryption
Authors: Jiang M. M. , Hu Y. P. , Wang B. C. , Wang F. H. , Lai Q. Q. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractProxy re‐encryption (PRE) is a cryptographic primitive that allows a proxy to turn an Alice's ciphertext into a Bob's ciphertext on the same plaintext. At present, there are many different PRE schemes that have been proposed with different properties. However, all of them are based on the logarithm assumption and the large integer factorization assumption except for a bidirectional PRE scheme over lattices. In this paper, we construct the first multi‐use unidirectional PRE scheme based on lattices. In addition, the generation of the PRE key does not interact with two users, and the scheme can resist collusion attacks. Moreover, it is proved chosen plaintext attack secure in the standard model based on the Learning With Errors assumption. Finally, an identity‐based PRE is obtained from the basic construction. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MiRNA-Mediated Regulation of the SWI/SNF Chromatin Remodeling Complex Controls Pluripotency and Endodermal Differentiation in Human ESCs
Authors: Wade Staton L. , Langer Lee F. , Ward James M. , Archer Trevor K. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
MicroRNAs and chromatin remodeling complexes represent powerful epigenetic mechanisms that regulate the pluripotent state. miR-302 is a strong inducer of pluripotency, which is characterized by a distinct chromatin architecture. This suggests that miR-302 regulates global chromatin structure; however, a direct relationship between miR-302 and chromatin remodelers has not been established. Here, we provide data to show that miR-302 regulates Brg1 chromatin remodeling complex composition in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) through direct repression of the BAF53a and BAF170 subunits. With the subsequent overexpression of BAF170 in hESCs, we show that miR-302's inhibition of BAF170 protein levels can affect the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation. Furthermore, miR-302-mediated repression of BAF170 regulates pluripotency by positively influencing mesendodermal differentiation. Overexpression of BAF170 in hESCs led to biased differentiation toward the ectoderm lineage during EB formation and severely hindered directed definitive endoderm differentiation. Taken together, these data uncover a direct regulatory relationship between miR-302 and the Brg1 chromatin remodeling complex that controls gene expression and cell fate decisions in hESCs and suggests that similar mechanisms are at play during early human development. Stem Cells 2015;33:2925—2935
RIALS: RSU/INS‐aided localization system for GPS‐challenged road segments
Authors: Zarza Himan , Yousefi Saleh , Benslimane Abderrahim 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis paper introduces a new vehicle localization approach for global positioning system‐challenged road segments (e.g., tunnels), which takes advantage of roadside units (RSUs) and in‐vehicle inertial navigation system (INS). In the proposed approach, namely RSU/INS‐aided localization system (RIALS), vehicles only need one RSU in their transmission range for an accurate positioning. The beacons received from the RSU along with the information provided by the INS system are used for establishing and maintaining particular locus circles. After linearization, the system of locus circle equations is solved using the linear least square estimation technique, and the estimated vehicle's position is obtained. In the presence of speed variations and existing ranging and INS estimation errors, the proposed RIALS adaptively sets the sufficient number of required locus circles, aiming at keeping the localization error below a given threshold. We study the effects of ranging and INS estimation errors on localization accuracy of RIALS from analytical and simulation perspectives. Results of extensive simulations show that the localization error is more sensitive to the ranging error than the INS error. Moreover, the network traffic overhead of the proposed method is considerably lower than other competitive localization approaches. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Combined FRM and GDFT filter bank designs for improved nonuniform DSA channelisation
Authors: Palomo‐Navarro Álvaro , Farrell Ronan J. , Villing Rudi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractMultistandard channelisation for base stations is a big application of generalised discrete Fourier transform modulated filter banks (GDFT‐FBs) in digital communications. For technologies such as software‐defined radio and cognitive radio, nonuniform channelisers must be used if frequency bands are shared by different standards. However, GDFT‐FB‐based nonuniform channelisers can suffer from high filter orders when applied to wideband input signals. In this paper, various combinations of GDFT‐FB with the frequency response masking technique are proposed and evaluated for both uniform and nonuniform channelisation applications. Results show that the proposed techniques achieve savings in both the number of filter coefficients and the number of operations per input sample. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New insights into pri‐miRNA processing and accumulation in plants
Authors: Zhang Shuxin , Liu Yuhui , Yu Bin 
Published: June 2015

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate many biological processes such as development, metabolism, and others. They are processed from their primary transcripts called primary miRNA transcripts (pri‐miRNAs) by the processor complex containing the RNAse III enzyme, DICER‐LIKE1 (DCL1), in plants. Consequently, miRNA biogenesis is controlled through altering pri‐miRNA accumulation and processing, which is crucial for plant development and adaptation to environmental changes. Plant pri‐miRNAs are transcribed by DNA‐dependent RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and their levels are determined through transcription and degradation, whereas pri‐miRNA processing is affected by its structure, splicing, alternative splicing, loading to the processor and the processor activity, which involve in many accessory proteins. Here, we summarize recent progresses related to pri‐miRNA transcription, stability, and processing in plants. WIREs RNA 2015, 6:533–545. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1292This article is categorized under:

Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Biogenesis of Effector Small RNAs
Gradual Cerium Valence Change in the Solid Solution CeRu1–xPdxAl (x = 0.1–0.9)
Authors: Niehaus Oliver , Janka Oliver 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe solid solution CeRu1–xPdxAl was synthesized for x = 0.1–0.9 from the elements by arc‐melting and subsequent annealing and characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction. All members crystallize in the orthorhombic LaNiAl type structure, space group Pnma. The lattice parameters range from a = 718–722, b = 412–426, and c = 1588–1620 pm, but no linear change of the lattice parameters was found. Magnetic measurements reveal intermediate cerium valences, which change to more trivalent cerium with increasing Pd content. The susceptibility data was interpreted by either the Inter‐Configuration Fluctuation (ICF) model or the Curie‐Weiss law.
Synthesis, Structures and Magnetic Properties of Cyano‐bridged FeIII/MnIII Heterobimetallic 1D Chain Complexes
Authors: Gao Feng , Zhu Guang‐Zhou , Yang Liu 
Published: June 2015

AbstractUsing the tricyanometalate building block, (nBu4N)[(Tp*)Fe(CN)3] [Bu4N+ = tetrabutylammonium cation; Tp*– = hydrotris(3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)borate], and bidentate Schiff base ligands, HL1 or HL2 {HL1 = 2‐[[(2‐phenylethyl)imino]methyl]phenol; HL2 = 4‐methoxy‐2‐[[(2‐phenylethyl)imino]methyl]phenol}, two heterobimetallic one‐dimensional (1D) chain complexes, [Mn(L1)2Fe(Tp*)(CN)3]n (1) and [Mn(L2)2Fe(Tp*)(CN)3]n (2), were synthesized. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction reveal the formation of neutral cyano‐bridged zigzag single chains in 1 and 2. Magnetic studies demonstrate that both complexes show ferromagnetic interactions between central FeIII and MnIII atoms.
Anion Coordination of Bis‐bisurea Ligands: Aggregation of Dihydrogen Phosphate Anion into Oligomers and Infinite Chains
Authors: Wu Biao , Huo Cuirong , Li Shaoguang , Zhao Yanxia , Yang Xiao‐Juan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA series of alkanediyl‐spaced bis‐bisurea ligands (L2–L4) were synthesized and their anion coordination behavior studied. These ligands form interesting complexes with polymeric and oligomeric dihydrogen phosphate aggregates in the solid state. The ligands L2 and L3 coordinate with H2PO4– anions to form a unique molecular “necklace” with an infinite (H2PO4–)n chain and surrounding ligand molecules. Meanwhile, two different dihydrogen phosphate‐water oligomers, (H2PO4)6·(H2O)4 and (H2PO4)4·(H2O)2, were observed in the complexes with the ligands L3 and L4. In addition, solution anion binding properties of the ligands were studied by 1H NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopy.