bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient‐reported symptoms and discontinuation of adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy
Authors: Kidwell Kelley M. , Harte Steven E. , Hayes Daniel F. , Storniolo Anna Maria , Carpenter Janet , Flockhart David A. , Stearns Vered , Clauw Daniel J. , Williams David A. , Henry N. Lynn 
Published: May 2014

BACKGROUNDAromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy results in substantial survival benefits for patients with hormone receptor‐positive breast cancer. The rates of poor adherence and discontinuation of AI therapy are high, primarily because of treatment‐related toxicities like musculoskeletal pain. Although pain‐related symptoms may worsen during AI therapy, the authors hypothesized that nonpersistence with AI therapy was associated with symptoms that were present before treatment initiation.METHODSPostmenopausal women initiating AI therapy who were enrolled in a prospective clinical trial completed questionnaires at baseline to assess sleep, fatigue, mood, and pain. Reasons for treatment discontinuation during the first year of treatment were recorded. Associations between baseline patient‐reported symptoms and treatment discontinuation because of toxicity were identified using logistic regression.RESULTSFour hundred forty‐nine patients were evaluable. The odds of treatment discontinuation were higher in patients who reported a greater number of symptoms before AI initiation. Baseline poor sleep quality was associated with early treatment discontinuation, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.91 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26‐2.89; P = .002). Baseline presence of tired feeling and forgetfulness had similar ORs for discontinuation (tired feeling: OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.15‐2.67; P = .009; forgetfulness: OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.11‐2.48; P = .015). An increasing total number of baseline symptoms was associated with an increased likelihood of treatment discontinuation, with an OR of 1.89 (95% CI, 1.20‐2.96; P = .006) for 3 to 5 symptoms versus 0 to 2 symptoms.CONCLUSIONSSymptom clusters in breast cancer survivors that are present before the initiation of adjuvant AI therapy may have a negative impact on a patient's persistence with therapy. Interventions to manage these symptoms may improve breast cancer outcomes and quality of life. Cancer 2014;120:2403–2411. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
The effect of frying on fat uptake and texture of fried potato products*
Authors: Kita Agnieszka 
Published: May 2014

Fat uptake and the characteristic crispy and crunchy texture are the main quality parameters of fried potato products such as the most popular French fries and potato crisps. They are formed during the frying process and depend on different factors, among which frying oil properties and frying conditions were taken under investigation. Quality of frying oils as well as fatty acid composition and degree of degradation affect fat uptake and texture of fried potato products. Technological parameters such as frying temperature and frying conditions were also considered.Practical applications: Factors affecting fat uptake and texture of fried potato products such as French fries and potato crisps are discussed. The kind and quality of frying medium as well as frying parameters (temperature, using vacuum) influence fat uptake and texture of fried products. Texture of fried potato products is correlated with fat content and composition of frying medium. Higher frying temperature decreases hardness of French fries and potato crisps, which exhibit more crispy and delicate texture in comparison with products fried at lower temperatures.
Syntheses and Photochromic Properties of Diarylethenes with a Naphthalene and a Thiophene Ring
Authors: Takeshita Michinori , Mizukami Erika , Murakami Kazuto , Wada Yuta , Matsuda Yuji 
Published: May 2014

AbstractTwo types of diarylethene, each of which contains a naphthalene and a thiophene ring, were synthesized, and their photochromic properties were studied. The photochromic properties are dependent on the bridge position of the thiophene ring. The cycloreversion of one of the closed forms of some of the diarylethenes occurred almost photon quantitatively, and the photochromic reactions were thermally irreversible, at least at room temperature.
Stereochemistry and Mechanism of Enzymatic and Non‐Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Benzylic sec‐Sulfate Esters
Authors: Toesch Michael , Schober Markus , Breinbauer Rolf , Faber Kurt 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe substrate scope of inverting alkylsulfatase Pisa1 was extended towards benzylic sec‐sulfate esters by suppression of competing non‐enzymatic autohydrolysis by addition of dimethyl sulfoxide as co‐solvent. Detailed investigation of the mechanism of autohydrolysis in 18O‐labeled buffer by using an enantiopure sec‐benzylic sulfate ester as substrate revealed that from the three possible pathways (i) inverting SN2‐type nucleophilic attack of [OH–] at the benzylic carbon represents the major pathway, whereas (ii) SN1‐type formation of a planar benzylic carbenium ion leading to racemization was a minor event, and (iii) Retaining SN2‐type nucleophilic attack at sulfur took place at the limits of detection. The data obtained are interpreted by analysis of Hammett constants of meta substituents.
The Kabachnik–Fields Reaction Accelerated in External Magnetic Field
Authors: Karpowicz Rafał , Lewkowski Jarosław , Miękoś Ewa , Zieliński Marek 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe significant acceleration in the Kabachnik–Fields reaction in an external magnetic field has been observed. The phenomenon is explained by the proper orientation of substrate molecules forced by external magnetic field. Diamagnetic dipoles are repulsed to the center by both electromagnet poles, being simultaneously arranged. This phenomenon may then promote the acceleration of the reaction.
Synthesis and Some Properties of Transition Metal Complexes Based on the Octathiophophetane Ammonium Salts
Authors: Kursheva Lidiya I. , Yanberdina Nadezhda V. , Zvereva Elena E. , Vandyukov Aleksandеr E. , Reisenauer Mary Rose , Lujan Jolene D. , Lebrun Robert W. , Edwards Leslie D. , Rogelj Snezna , Frolova Liliya V. , Batyeva Elvira S. , Sinyashin Oleg G. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTCyclic octathiotetraphosphetanes, and speciafically their ammonium salt, represent novel polyfunctional heterocyclic ligands that are valuable in the development of organometallic and coordinated chemistry. Coordination features of octathiotetraphosphetane ammonium salts with structures differing only by piperidine and triethylamine substituents in the reaction with transition d‐metals of I and VIII groups [Cu(I), Ag(I), Fe(II), Co(II)] are described. Some similarities and differences in the behavior of piperidinium and triethylammonium salts of the octathiotetraphosphetane upon complexation with metal halides are discussed.
Bromination of a Stable 1,2‐Bis(ferrocenyl)dibismuthene: Synthesis of a 1,2‐Dibromodibismuthane Derivative
Authors: Sasamori Takahiro , Sakagami Michiyasu , Tokitoh Norihiro 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe bromination reaction of the stable bis(ferrocenyl)dibismuthene, Fc*Bi=BiFc* (1, Fc* = 2,5‐bis(3,5‐di‐t‐butylphenyl)ferrocenyl), with 0.5 equiv of BiBr3 resulted in the formation of the first stable 1,2‐dibromodibismuthane derivative, Fc*(Br)Bi–Bi(Br)Fc* (3). The structure of 3 was revealed by X‐ray crystallographic analysis, showing its unique structure with the bromine atom intramolecularly coordinating to the bismuth atom.
Comparison of interception, forest floor evaporation and transpiration in Pinus radiata and Eucalyptus globulus plantations
Authors: Benyon R. G. , Doody T. M. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractStudies of evapotranspiration (ET) processes in forests often only measure one component of total ET, most commonly interception. This study examined all three components of annual ET (interception, evaporation from the forest floor and transpiration) and the correlations between them at 18 plantation forest sites in two species. All plantations had closed canopies, and sparse or no understorey. Single‐sided leaf area index averaged 3.5 (standard deviation ±0.5) in Eucalyptus globulus Labill. and 6.1 (±0.8) in Pinus radiata D.Don.Measurements included annual totals of rainfall in the open and under the canopy, stem flow (four sites only), evaporation from the forest floor and transpiration by the overstorey. Interception (I) averaged 19% (±4.9) of annual rainfall in E. globulus compared with 31% (±11.1) in P. radiata. However, higher annual interception in P. radiata did not result in higher total ET because annual evaporation from the forest floor (E) averaged 29% (±4.9) of rainfall in E. globulus but only 15% (±3.5) in P. radiata. Hence, the relative contribution of annual I plus E to ET did not differ significantly between the two species, averaging 48% (±7.3) of annual rainfall in E. globulus compared with 46% (±11.8) in P. radiata. As reported previously, transpiration did not differ significantly between the two species either, but was strongly related to depth‐to‐groundwater. In closed canopy plantations, mean annual ET did not differ between the two species.We conclude that when grown in plantations under similar soil and climatic conditions, conifer and broad‐leaved tree species can have similar annual ET, once the canopy of the plantation has closed. Lower average annual interception in broad‐leaved trees was offset by higher soil evaporation. These results highlight the importance of measuring all components of ET in studies of vegetation water use. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biohydrogen Production from Textile Wastewater by Mixed Microflora in an Intermittent‐flow, Stirred Tank Reactor: Effect of Feeding Frequency
Authors: Lay Chyi‐How , Sen Biswarup , Kuo Szu‐Yu , Chen Chin‐Chao , Lin Chiu‐Yue 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAn intermittent‐flow, stirred tank reactor (IFSTR) was used to produce biohydrogen from textile wastewater (TW) by activated sludge. The IFSTR was operated at pH 5.5 under various feeding frequencies and TW concentrations. The first intermittent peak biogas production rate of 17.5 L biogas/L‐d and HPR of 10 L H2/L‐d were obtained at feeding frequency of 12 times/d with TW concentration of 33.1 g hexoses/L. Butyrate and acetate were the major soluble metabolites at peak HPR, whereas lactate and ethanol accumulation decreased the HPR. Close resemblance of bacterial communities in periods of peak HPR with hydrogen producer Clostridium butyricum was observed.
Synthesis, Characterization, and DNA Binding Studies of a Nickel(II) Complex Containing the 1,3‐Bis(1‐propylbenzimidazol‐2‐yl)‐2‐oxapropane
Authors: Wu Huilu , Shi Furong , Zhang Yanhui , Bai Yuchen , Wang Xiaoli , Kong Jin 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA complex of formula [Ni(pobb)2](pic)2, (pobb = 1,3‐bis(1‐propylbenzimidazol‐2‐yl)‐2‐oxapropane, pic = 2,4,6‐trinitrophenol), has been synthesized and structurally characterized by physico‐chemical and spectroscopic methods. The crystals crystallize in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c, a = 25.766(11) Å, b = 14.943(7) Å, c = 19.543(14) Å, α = 90°, β = 129.722(4)°, γ = 90°, Z = 4. The coordination environment around nickel(II) atom can be described as a distorted octahedral geometry. The interactions of the ligand pobb and the nickel (II) complex with calf thymus DNA (CT‐DNA) are investigated by using electronic absorption titration, ethidium bromide‐DNA displacement experiments and viscosity measurements. The experimental evidence indicated the compounds interact with calf thymus DNA through intercalation.
Technology and New Fluorescence Flow Cytometry Parameters in Hematological Analyzers
Authors: Arneth Borros M. , Menschikowki Mario 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundModern hematological analyzers offer a series of new tests in addition to the differential blood cell count. Here, we provide a short overview of the technique and the new tests included in the hematological analyzers manufactured by the company Sysmex (Kobe, Japan). As introduced here, the resulting new extended blood cell count allows for the quantification of DNA‐ and RNA‐rich, activated and/or precursor leukocyte subpopulations.MethodsTo compare the different methods of blood cell counting, repetitive cell counting is carried out by hematological experts using microscopy and using the XE‐5000 hematological analyzer.ResultsThe hematological analyzer delivers more‐accurate results with respect to normal cells but microscopy is suited better to recognize and count pathological cells.ConclusionWith the new hematological analyzers, several new hematological tests are made available as screening tools that were not possible previously using standard cell‐counting procedures.
A New Method for Analyzing the Duffy Blood Group Genotype by TaqMan Minor Groove Binding Probes
Authors: Zhou Shihang , Liu Ming , An Wanxin , Liang Xiaohua , Yu Weijian , Piao Fengyuan 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundDuffy blood group genotyping is useful to ensure transfusion safety and determine the association of Duffy blood group polymorphism with diseases, and therefore has its clinical significance. In order to improve the existing methods for genotyping of Duffy blood group, which normally require post‐PCR manipulation, a new method was developed by using 5′‐nuclease assay (NA) with TaqMan minor groove binding (MGB) probes.MethodsPrimers and TaqMan‐MGB probes were designed and synthesized to genotype FY*A and FY*B alleles at Duffy blood group locus on a real‐time PCR platform. A total of 120 samples were genotyped by using the new 5′‐NA and conventional polymerase chain reaction with allele‐specific primers (PCR‐ASP). The results obtained by the two methods were compared.ResultsThere was a complete concordance of results for all samples genotyped by 5′‐NA and PCR‐ASP. The retesting results of 5′‐NA were consistent with those of the initial testing. The detection limit of 5′‐NA was determined as 100 pg per reaction. The FY*A and FY*B allelic frequencies were 93.3% and 6.7% respectively in the Chinese Han population in Dalian.ConclusionsThe 5′‐NA for genotyping of Duffy blood group is simple, rapid, reliable, reproducible, sensitive, and high‐throughput and is superior to PCR‐ASP used in routine genotyping.
Evaluation of the Analytical Performance of the Olympus AU5421 Applied with Parameters Developed by the Toshiba 200FR for Measurement of Blood Ethanol Concentration
Authors: Kim Bo Hyun , Park Ae Ja , Youn Jae Saeng , Bae Jae Hoon 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundAn accurate determination of blood ethanol concentrations is important. To minimize ethanol degradation in blood samples, sodium fluoride (NaF) collection tubes have been recommended for use. In this study, we attempted to utilize the Olympus AU5421 chemistry analyzer for ethanol analysis based on the parameters established for the Toshiba 200FR. We also evaluated the effect of NaF collection tubes on ethanol concentrations.MethodsThe precision, linearity, accuracy, and carry‐over rate of the AU5421 analyzer were evaluated. The results of analysis using the AU5421 and Abbott AxSYM analyzers were also compared. The effects of NaF collection tubes on ethanol concentrations in stored samples were measured.ResultsThe AU5421 showed a good precision, linearity, accuracy, and carry‐over rate. The ethanol concentrations were well correlated with the results obtained using the AxSYM. There was no statistically significant difference in blood ethanol concentrations between the samples collected in tubes with NaF and those collected in tubes without NaF.ConclusionsSince the AU5421 showed excellent analytical performance, the AU5421 could be used as an alternative to AxSYM for the determination of blood ethanol concentrations. Our analysis also indicated that there is no need to use NaF collection tubes if blood ethanol concentrations are analyzed within 3 h after blood collection. We believe that the results obtained in this study will have important implications for the use of the AU5421 system to measure blood ethanol concentrations.
Morphology of arolia in Auchenorrhyncha (Insecta, Hemiptera)
Authors: Friedemann Katrin , Beutel Rolf G. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe pretarsal arolium serves as an attachment device in many groups of insects, enabling them to walk efficiently on smooth surfaces, where claws alone do not provide sufficient foothold. The arolia of representatives of all major lineages of Auchenorrhyncha are described and illustrated, mainly using scanning electron microscopy and histology. Glands inside the lumen of the arolia are described for the first time in this group. It is shown that the morphology of arolia within Auchenorrhyncha differs considerably. Some of them are even distinctly bilobed. The cuticle of the contact zone is thickened and formed of branching chitinous rods. In some cases, two layers of rods oriented in different directions were found. An extended definition of “arolium” is proposed. J. Morphol. 275:1217–1225, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A compact 2D potential model for subthreshold characterization of nanoscale fully depleted short channel nanowire MOSFETs
Authors: Xi Liu , Xiao‐Shi Jin , Chuai Rongyan , Jong‐Ho Lee 
Published: May 2014

SummaryIn this work, a compact subthreshold model for fully depleted nanoscale short channel nanowire MOSFETs is proposed. It is based on an approximated solution of two‐dimensional Poisson's Equation in cylindrical coordinate system. It matches well with technology computer‐aided design simulation results in a wide range variation of design parameters without introducing any empirical fitting parameters. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Addition of a clay subsoil to a sandy topsoil changes the response of microbial activity to drying and rewetting after residue addition – a model experiment
Authors: Shi Andong , Marschner Petra 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe effect of drying and rewetting (DRW) on C mineralization has been studied extensively but mostly in absence of freshly added residues. But in agricultural soils large amounts of residues can be present after harvest; therefore, the impact of DRW in soil after residue addition is of interest. Further, sandy soils may be ameliorated by adding clay‐rich subsoil which could change the response of microbes to DRW. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of DRW on microbial activity and growth in soils that were modified by mixing clay subsoil into sandy top soil and wheat residues were added. We conducted an incubation experiment by mixing finely ground wheat residue (20 g kg–1) into top loamy sand soil with clay‐rich subsoil at 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40% (w/w). At each clay addition rate, two moisture treatments were imposed: constantly moist control (CM) at 75% WHC or dry and rewet. Soil respiration was measured continuously, and microbial biomass C (MBC) was determined on day 5 (before drying), when the soil was dried, after 5 d dry, and 5 d after rewetting. In the constantly moist treatment, increasing addition rate of clay subsoil decreased cumulative respiration per g soil, but had no effect on cumulative respiration per g total organic C (TOC), indicating that the lower respiration with clay subsoil was due to the low TOC content of the sand‐clay mixes. Clay subsoil addition did not affect the MBC concentration per g TOC but reduced the concentration of K2SO4 extractable C per g TOC. In the DRW treatment, cumulative respiration per g TOC during the dry phase increased with increasing clay subsoil addition rate. Rewetting of dry soil caused a flush of respiration in all soils but cumulative respiration at the end of the experiment remained lower than in the constantly moist soils. Respiration rates after rewetting were higher than at the corresponding days in constantly moist soils only at clay subsoil addition rates of 20 to 40%. We conclude that in presence of residues, addition of clay subsoil to a sandy top soil improves microbial activity during the dry phase and upon rewetting but has little effect on microbial biomass.
High Positive Affect Shortly After Missile Attacks and the Heightened Risk of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Israeli Adolescents
Authors: Israel‐Cohen Yael , Kashy‐Rosenbaum Gabriela , Kaplan Oren 
Published: May 2014

AbstractPrevious research has demonstrated that positive emotions help build psychological resources and facilitate adaptation to stress, yet few studies have considered the possible negative effects of positive emotions on stress. This study examined the relationship between high arousal, positive and negative affect, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among 503 Israeli adolescents following a period of escalated missile attacks on their city. Our findings revealed that not only negative affect, but also positive affect at very high levels exhibited 2 weeks following missile attacks were independently associated with PTSD symptoms 2½ months later (η2 = .09, η2 = .02, respectively). Although the literature recognizes the risk factor of negative affect on the development of PTSD, we suggest that also positive affect at high levels immediately after such experiences may be a case of emotion context insensitivity and thus a maladaptive response to trauma. Further research should examine the mechanisms associated with positive emotions and PTSD.
Accelerated 4D quantitative single point EPR imaging using model‐based reconstruction
Authors: Jang Hyungseok , Matsumoto Shingo , Devasahayam Nallathamby , Subramanian Sankaran , Zhuo Jiachen , Krishna Murali C. , McMillan Alan B. 
Published: May 2014

PurposeElectron paramagnetic resonance imaging has surfaced as a promising noninvasive imaging modality that is capable of imaging tissue oxygenation. Due to extremely short spin‐spin relaxation times, electron paramagnetic resonance imaging benefits from single‐point imaging and inherently suffers from limited spatial and temporal resolution, preventing localization of small hypoxic tissues and differentiation of hypoxia dynamics, making accelerated imaging a crucial issue.MethodsIn this study, methods for accelerated single‐point imaging were developed by combining a bilateral k‐space extrapolation technique with model‐based reconstruction that benefits from dense sampling in the parameter domain (measurement of the T2* decay of a free induction delay). In bilateral kspace extrapolation, more k‐space samples are obtained in a sparsely sampled region by bilaterally extrapolating data from temporally neighboring k‐spaces. To improve the accuracy of T2* estimation, a principal component analysis‐based method was implemented.ResultsIn a computer simulation and a phantom experiment, the proposed methods showed its capability for reliable T2* estimation with high acceleration (8‐fold, 15‐fold, and 30‐fold accelerations for 61×61×61, 95×95×95, and 127×127×127 matrix, respectively).ConclusionBy applying bilateral k‐space extrapolation and model‐based reconstruction, improved scan times with higher spatial resolution can be achieved in the current single‐point electron paramagnetic resonance imaging modality. Magn Reson Med 73:1692–1701, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.