bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental evolution reveals an effective avenue for d‐lactic acid production from glucose‐xylose mixtures via enhanced Glk activity and a cAMP‐independent CRP mutation
Authors: Qiao Jiale , Fang Yu , Li Zhishuai , Li Jinhui , Cai Jun , Liu Weidong , Wang Honglei , Zhu Xinna , Zhang Xueli 
Published: July 2024

Abstractd‐Lactic acid holds significant industrial importance due to its versatility and serves as a crucial component in the synthesis of environmentally friendly and biodegradable thermal‐resistant poly‐lactic acid. This polymer exhibits promising potential as a substitute for nonbiodegradable, petroleum‐based plastics. The production of d‐lactic acid from lignocellulosic biomass, a type of biorenewable and nonfood resources, can lower costs and improve product competitiveness. Glucose and xylose are the most abundant sugar monomers in lignocellulosic biomass materials. Despite Escherichia coli possessing native xylose catabolic pathways and transport, their ability to effectively utilize xylose is often hindered in the presence of glucose. Here, the E. coli strain Rec1.0, previously engineered to overcome carbon catabolite repression, was selected as the initial strain for reengineering to produce d‐lactic acid. An adaptive evolution approach was employed to achieve highly efficient fermentation of glucose‐xylose mixtures. The resulting strain, QJL010, could produce d‐lactic acid of 87.5 g/L with a carbon yield of 0.99 mol/mol. Notably, the consumption rates of glucose and xylose reached 0.75 and 0.82 g/gDCW/h, respectively. Further analysis revealed that increased Glk activity, resulting from glk mutations (A142V and R188H), along with their upregulated expression, contributed to an elevated glucose consumption rate. Additionally, a CRP G141D mutation, cAMP‐independent, stimulated the expression of the xylR, xylE, and galABC* genes, resulting in an accelerated xylose consumption rate. These findings provide valuable support for the utilization of E. coli platform strains in the production of value‐added chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass.
Exploring the symptoms and psychological experiences among lung cancer convalescence patients after radical lobectomy: A qualitative study
Authors: Xiao Julan , Peng Yueming , Li Yun , Ye FengQing , Zeng Zhixong , Lin XiaoXu , Xie Yanheng , Cheng Sijiao , Wen Yi , Luo Weixiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to explore the symptom experiences and psychological feelings of lung cancer patients after radical lobectomy in China.MethodsA qualitative study was conducted using face‐to‐face semistructured interviews with lung cancer patients who had a radical lobectomy for treatment of their cancer during the convalescence period. Participants (n = 18) were recruited from a general hospital in China, and patients were selected using purposive sampling from September 2021 to February 2022. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, and Colaizzi's seven‐step method of phenomenology was used. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist was conducted to report the study.ResultsFour themes were extracted from the interview data: physiological dimensions (fatigue, cough or sputum, chest tightness and shortness of breath, daily activities affected, sleep disturbance, lack of appetite); psychological dimensions (negative emotion, fear of cancer recurrence, learning to accept reality, strengthened faith and hope); family dimensions (heavy economic burden, perceived family care, improved health management behavior); and social dimensions (perceived support of medical staff, decreased sense of social value and self‐identity, changes in social and working style).ConclusionLung cancer patients are still troubled by many problems during the postoperative recovery period. Medical staff should design and implement effective evaluations and targeted interventions for patients' physical and mental health as soon as possible to improve patients' physical and mental health, as well as their quality of life.
Trends analysis of cancer incidence, mortality, and survival for the elderly in the United States, 1975–2020
Authors: Xu Jia , Liao Jingyuan , Yan Qiong , Jiao Jiang , Hu Nan , Zhang Wei , Shi Lei , Deng Mingming , Huang Shu , Tang Xiaowei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundCancer burden from the elderly has been rising largely due to the aging population. However, research on the long‐term epidemiological trends in cancer of the elderly is lacking.MethodsRegistry data of this population‐based cross‐sectional study were from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The study population aged 65 years or more, from geographically distinct regions. Joinpoint regression and JP Surv method were used to analyze cancer trends and survival.ResultsMortality rate during 1975–2020 decreased from 995.20 to 824.99 per 100,000 elderly persons, with an average annual decrease of 0.421% (95% CI, 0.378–0.464). While overall incidence increased with no significance. Prostate (29%) and breast (26%) cancer were the most common malignancies, respectively, in elderly males and females, and the mortality for both of the two (prostate 15%, breast 14%) ranked just behind lung and bronchus cancer, which had the highest mortality rates in males (29%) and females (23%). Many cancers showed adverse trends in the latest follow‐up periods (the last period calculated by the Joinpoint method). For intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, incidence (male Annual Percentage Change [APC] = 7.4*; female APC = 6.7*) and mortality (male APC = 3.0*; female APC = 3.3*) increased relatively fast, and its survival was also terrible (3‐year survival only 10%). Other cancers with recent increasing mortality included cancer of anus, anal canal and anorectum, retroperitoneum, pleura, peritoneum, etc. Most cancers had favorable trends of survival during the nearest follow‐up period.ConclusionAgainst the background of overall improvement, many cancers showed adverse trends. Further research for the underlying mechanisms and targeted implements towards adverse trends is also urgent.
Unrivalled Insight into Possible Biopharmaceutical Application of Justicia vahlii Roth. (Acanthaceae): Chemodiversity, In Vitro Bioactivities, and Computational Analysis
Authors: Basit Abdul , Ahmad Saeed , Ovatlarnporn Chitchamai , Arshad Muhammad Adeel , Saleem Muhammad Farrukh , Khurshid Umair , Saleem Hammad , Khan Kashif ur Rehman , Khan Safiullah , Alkahtani Hamad M. , Zen Amer Alhaj 
Published: July 2024

AbstractJusticia vahliiRoth. is an important wild medicinal food plant traditionally used for treating inflammation and various common ailments. This study investigated the chemical composition, antioxidant, enzyme inhibition and toxicity profiles of n‐hexane (nHEJv) and chloroform (CEJv) extracts of J. vahlii. Moreover, the effect of the extracts was evaluated on CCl4 induced liver injury. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were present in both extracts in significant amount. The UPLC−Q‐TOF‐MS and GC‐MS profiling of CEJv tentatively identified several important phytocompounds. The CEJv extract was comparatively more active for antioxidant activity and α‐amylase inhibition, whereas the nHEJv extract presented higher inhibition potential against urease, tyrosinase, and α‐glucosidase enzymes. Similarly, the in‐silicostudy of four major compounds, i. e., 1‐acetoxypinoresinol, 3‐hydroxysebacic acid, nortrachelogenin, and viscidulin‐III have shown a good docking score against the clinically significant enzymes. The acute oral toxicity and brine shrimp lethality assaysrevealed the extracts as non‐toxic. The CCl4 treated animals showed a geared depletion of various antioxidant enzymes which were significantly reversed with the treatment of the extracts. Overall, the study's findings revealed J. vahliiwith antioxidant mediated hepatoprotective and enzyme inhibition potential and warrant further research on isolation of the bioactive compounds.
Transcatheter closure management of mitral paravalvular leakage: A single center experience
Authors: Li Yue , Jin Ping , Guo Hong , Mao Yu , Liu Yang , Zhai Mengen , Yang Jian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundParavalvular leakage (PVL) is a common complication after artificial valve replacement. Transcatheter paravalvular leak closure (PVT), an efficient, safe, and minimally invasive treatment for PVL patients.AimsThe purpose of this study was to present our experience with transcatheter closure of mitral paravalvular leakage (PVL) after surgical valve replacement in our center.MethodsA cohort of 81 consecutive patients with mitral PVLs was treated with transcatheter closure between September 2014 and December 2022. We reviewed the demographics, clinical features, therapeutic modalities and follow‐up results. The patients' charts were used for retrospective analysis.ResultsEighty‐one patients from one center were enrolled in this study. The median age of the patients was 63 ± 11 years. The median LVEF was 51% ± 7%, and the median regurgitation volume was 11.5 ± 10.1 mL. Sealing with occlusion was successful in 70 patients, and the technical success rate was 86.5%. The median regurgitation volume was reduced to 1.95 ± 2.6 mL. The major adverse event was hemolysis, which affected 19 patients, 17 of whom required blood transfusion. Three patients required secondary open surgery due to bleeding. Three patients died during the hospital stay, and all of their deaths were caused by hemolysis‐related complications. The median hospital stay was 10.3 ± 6.3 days. During the follow‐up period, 2 patients died, and none of their deaths were caused by surgery. The New York Heart Association classification increased in all patients during the 6‐month follow‐up.ConclusionTranscatheter mitral PVL closure requires complex catheter techniques. However, this technique is minimally invasive and has a shorter hospital stay. Interventional mitral PVL closure is a safe and efficacious technique for high‐risk surgical patients with symptomatic paravalvular regurgitation.
Comparison of in‐hospital outcomes of ST‐elevation myocardial infarction patients with cardiogenic shock receiving left ventricular mechanical circulatory support devices based on transfer status
Authors: Murthi Mukunthan , Prasath Naveen , Memdani Anisha , Bobba Aniesh , Ali Laith , Attanasio Steve 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to compare outcomes in patients who receive on‐site left ventricular mechanical support versus those transferred to other facilities for mechanical support in ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with cardiogenic shock.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed data from the 2016 to 2020 Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. We identified patients with STEMI and cardiogenic shock who received Impella and LVAD placement during their hospital stay. They were divided into two groups: those with in‐house (direct) placement and those transferred to higher‐level medical centers. The primary goal was to compare mortality rates between these groups.ResultsDuring the study, 15,934 (75.2%) received in‐house left ventricular support, while 5255 (24.8%) were transferred. Mean age (63 vs. 64 years) and female percentage (25 vs. 26%) were similar. The average time from admission to receiving LV support was 0.8 days for direct group versus 2.8 days for transfer group (p < 0.001). Transferred patients had a higher rate of prior heart failure (68 vs. 79%, p < 0.001) and peripheral vascular disease (10 vs. 14%, p < 0.001) but a lower rate of hypertension (23 vs. 17%, p = 0.003). There were no significant differences in other comorbidities. Primary outcome mortality did not significantly differ (44.9 vs. 44.2, p = 0.66). After multivariate analysis, transferred patients had higher rates of ECMO usage, acute kidney injury, renal replacement therapy, major bleeding, and ischemic stroke. Length of stay (8 vs. 15 days, p < 0.001) and total charges ($391,472 vs. $581,183, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the transferred group.ConclusionAmong STEMI patients with cardiogenic shock, our study found no significant difference in mortality between patients transferred for and those with on‐site LV support. Those transferred patients experienced more complications, longer length of stay, and increased hospital costs.
Coronary angiography following transcatheter aortic valve replacement: Insights from the SWEDEHEART registry
Authors: Louca Antros , Alchay Monér , Råmunddal Truls , Rawshani Araz , Hagström Henrik , Settergren Magnus , Nilsson Konrad , Shahim Bahira , James Stefan , Koul Sasha , Myredal Anna , Redfors Björn , Ioanes Dan , Völz Sebastian , Petursson Petur , Angerås Oskar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundTranscatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is the most common treatment in patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS). As concomitant coronary artery disease is common in AS patients, access to the coronary arteries following TAVR is of increasing importance.ObjectivesThis study evaluated the incidence and risk factors for unplanned coronary angiography following TAVR and, using fluoroscopic time as a surrogate, analyzed the complexity of coronary artery cannulation.MethodsAll patients who underwent TAVR in Sweden between 2008 and 2022 were identified using the SWEDEHEART registry. The cumulative incidence of coronary angiography after TAVR was analyzed with mortality as a competing risk. Angiography and PCI complexity were analyzed using fluoroscopic time and compared across different transcatheter heart valve designs.ResultsOut of 9806 patients, 566 subsequently required coronary angiography. The incidence was highest for three‐vessel and/or left main disease. Younger age, the extent of prior coronary artery disease, and peripheral vascular disease were associated with an increased risk of coronary angiography. Fluoroscopy time was increased in TAVR patients compared to the control group with the longest fluoroscopy times observed in cases involving supra‐annular and self‐expanding valves.ConclusionsThe incidence of coronary angiography following TAVR is still low. Younger patients and patients with concomitant coronary artery disease have a higher risk. Procedural time is longer in patients with a previous THV replacement. As TAVR is emerging as the first‐line treatment in patients with longer life expectancy, facilitating coronary access is an important factor when considering which THV device to implant
Analysis of Solar Thermal Energy Integration in the Industry in Indonesia
Authors: Handogo Renanto , Anugraha Rendra Panca , Sutikno Juwari Purwo , Pratiwi Vibianti Dwi , Ihsan Hamdan , Rifqi Faiqur 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study focuses on designing a solar thermal system utilizing parabolic trough collectors to replace conventional heat requirements in industrial processes. The research also assesses the impact of implementing this system on reducing CO2 emissions and provides economic analysis for industrial cities from two geographically different islands in Indonesia: Java and Sulawesi. This study uses a parabolic trough collector to absorb energy from sunlight. Based on the calculation of the energy balance of the solar collector, the average heat absorbed by the collector is 545.5 kJ m−2 h−1 in Java and 606.5 kJ m−2 h−1 in Sulawesi. As a result, approximately 67.55 tonnes of CO2 per day will be mitigated by transitioning from conventional processes. The economic analysis indicates a payback period of 3.54 years, a net present value of 1.4 million USD, and an internal rate of return of 12 % based on fuel savings.
What Determines the Lewis Acidity of a Bismuthane? Towards Bi‐Based FLPs
Authors: Hartmann Charlotte U. , Reimann Marc , Cula Beatrice , Kaupp Martin , Limberg Christian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAiming at intramolecular frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) based on soft Lewis acidic bismuth centers, a phosphine function was combined with a dichloridobismuthane unit on a phenylene backbone utilizing a scrambling approach. The reaction between two equivalents of BiCl3 and (o‐(Ph2P)C6H4)3Bi yielded (o‐(Ph2P)C6H4)BiCl2(THF), the structure of which indicated Bi…P interactions and thus a pronounced Lewis acidity at the bismuth center that was confirmed by the Gutmann‐Beckett method. However, the system turned out to be insufficient to be utilized for FLP reactivity. Hence, the chloride ligands were exchanged by iodide and C2F5 substituents, respectively. Despite a lower electronegativity the iodide compound exhibits a shorter Bi…P contact, while the C2F5 substituents led to a further decrease of the Lewis acidity, despite their high group electronegativity. DFT calculations rationalized this by a quenching of the Lewis acidity inherent to the σ*(Bi−C) orbital by negative hyperconjugation from occupied p‐orbitals at the F atoms. Furthermore, it turned out that the strength of the covalent Bi−X σ‐bond is a more important factor than the charge at Bi in determining the energetic accessibility and thus Lewis acidity of the antibonding σ*(Bi−C) orbital.
Recent Advances in On‐Line Mass Spectrometry Toolbox for Mechanistic Studies of Organic Electrochemical Reactions
Authors: Chen Kaixiang , Wan Qiongqiong , Wei Shiqi , Nie Wenjin , Zhou Shibo , Chen Suming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectrochemical reactions are very complex and involve a variety of physicochemical processes. Accurate and systematic monitoring of intermediate process changes during the reaction is essential for understanding the mechanism of electrochemical reactions and is the basis for rational design of new electrochemical reactions. On‐line electrochemical analysis based on mass spectrometry (MS) has become an important tool for studying electrochemical reactions. This technique is based on different ionization and sampling means and realizes on‐line analysis of electrochemical reactions by establishing electrochemistry‐MS (EC‐MS) coupling devices. In particular, it provides key evidence for elucidating the reaction mechanism by capturing and identifying the reactive reaction intermediates. This review will categorize various EC‐MS devices and the organic electrochemical reaction systems they study, highlighting the latest research progress in recent years. It will also analyze the properties of various devices and look forward to the future development of EC‐MS.
Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity and Molecular Docking Studies of Isocryptolepine‐Triazole Adducts
Authors: Tummatorn Jumreang , Meewan Ittipat , Khunnawutmanotham Nisachon , Chimnoi Nitirat , Suwanwong Nutchapong , Rodphon Warabhorn , Thongsornkleeb Charnsak , Yang Jingyue , Ruchirawat Somsak 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDue to the rising prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD), there is a pressing need for more effective drugs to treat or manage AD's symptoms. Studies have shown that cholinesterase inhibition can improve cognitive and behavioral symptoms associated with AD, by addressing the cholinergic deficit. Based on the recent development of cholinesterase inhibitors with indoloquinoline and triazole moiety, we rationalized that compounds with an isocryptolepine‐triazole scaffold may also have the same biological targets. In this study, eighteen previously synthesized isocryptolepine‐triazole compounds were assessed for their ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). The majority of these compounds demonstrated potent selective AChE inhibition. Furthermore, our molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies reveal that the isocryptolepine and triazole moieties are important for the binding of the compounds with the periphery of the AChE's binding pocket. While reductions in molecular weights and lipophilicities may be necessary to improve their pharmacokinetic properties, this work provides valuable insights for designing future AChE inhibitors, based on the novel isocryptolepine‐triazole scaffold.
Luminance and chromaticity discrimination sensitivities right after an abrupt decrease in background luminance
Authors: Son Minwoo , Nagai Takehiro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhen we enter a dark place, such as a tunnel, from a bright exterior, our visual sensitivities take some time to adapt to lower light levels. However, there have been few reports on how quickly luminance and chromaticity discrimination sensitivities recover in this situation. This study aims to quantify the time course of discrimination sensitivity for luminance and chromaticity directions after an abrupt decrease in background luminance. In each trial, the background luminance was decreased from 100 to 1 cd/m2. Subsequently, one target and three reference stimuli of different colors were presented under four stimulus‐onset asynchrony (SOA) conditions. The participants discriminated the target stimulus from reference stimuli. The results showed that discrimination sensitivity was the lowest right after the background luminance changed and gradually improved with SOAs. The sensitivity decreases differed across color directions, with the greatest decrease in luminance, a moderate decrease in S−(L + M), and a negligible change in L−M. However, statistically significant differences were observed only between luminance and L−M, suggesting that the sensitivity decrease after the abrupt decrease in background luminance did not significantly differ between the chromaticity directions. We speculate that these results stem from the interaction between chromatic perception and luminance adaptation, and possibly from rod intrusions.
Comparative Bioavailability of a Novel Fixed‐dose Combination Etoricoxib and Tramadol
Authors: Garza‐Ocañas Lourdes , Badillo‐Castaneda Christian T. , Eguía Sandra L. Montoya , Zanatta‐Calderón María T. , Garza Julia D. Torres , Gómez‐Meza Marco Vinicio , Sander‐Padilla José G. , Lugo‐Sánchez Laura A. , Rios‐Brito Kevin F. , Romero‐Antonio Yulia , González‐Canudas Jorge 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMultimodal analgesia is defined as using several drugs or techniques simultaneously to target different pain pathways or receptors to avoid pain propagation. This study evaluated the pharmacokinetic profile and comparative bioavailability of etoricoxib 90 mg and tramadol 50 mg dosing alone (reference drugs) or in a novel fixed‐dose combination (test drug) under fasting conditions in Mexican healthy volunteers. This was a randomized, open‐label, 3‐way, crossover, single‐dose, prospective, and longitudinal study with a 14‐day washout period. Eligible subjects were healthy Mexican adult volunteers. The drugs were dosing orally, according to the randomization sequence, after 10 hours of fasting and 4 hours before breakfast with 250 mL of water at room temperature. Serial blood samples were collected before and after dosing, both drugs were quantified using high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Forty‐two subjects were enrolled and 38 completed the study (28 men and 14 women, mean age 25.2 years, mean weight 66.6 kg). Test products were considered to have comparative bioavailability if confidence intervals of natural log‐transformed for (maximum plasma drug concentration (Cmax), (area under the plasma drug concentration‐time curve form 0 up to last sampling time (AUC0‐t), and (area under the plasma drug concentration‐time curve from 0 up to infinity (AUC0‐∞) data were within the range of 80%‐125%. Non‐serious adverse events were observed. The results demonstrate that the pharmacokinetic profile and bioavailability of the etoricoxib/tramadol fixed‐dose combination are comparable to those of the reference products.