bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological Findings in Typical Variant Angina Presenting as Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: PARK HWAN‐CHEOL , CHOI SUNG IL , LEE JAE UNG , KIM SOON‐GIL , SHIN JINHO , KIM HYUN‐JOONG 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundCoronary vasospasm causes variant angina, as well as acute myocardial infarction, ventricular tachycardia, and sudden cardiac death. We evaluated morphological changes due to vasospastic lesions, which may cause acute coronary syndrome (ACS), using a novel technique called optical coherence tomography (OCT).MethodsTwenty patients (40–83 years old, 19 males) with vasospasm‐induced ACS who visited the emergency room because of continuous chest pain and displayed transient ST segment elevation in their electrocardiogram were enrolled in the study. None of these patients had significant coronary artery disease and all had positive results in the provocation test. OCT examinations were performed for evaluation of vasospastic lesions.ResultsIntraluminal thrombi and intimal erosion were found in 6 (33.3%) and 2 patients (10%), respectively. High‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein levels were significantly higher in patients with microthrombi (2.66 ± 3.33 mg/L) compared with those in patients without microthrombi (0.49 ± 0.30 mg/L; P = 0.022). Serum cardiac troponin‐I levels were not significantly different between patients with or without microthrombi (2.37 ± 5.31 ng/mL vs. 1.45 ± 4.68 ng/mL; P = 0.704). Other parameters, including creatinine kinase–myocardial band isoenzyme, total cholesterol, pain duration, residual stenosis, lesion length, and coronary risk factors, were not significantly different between the 2 groups.ConclusionIn patients with vasospasm‐induced ACS, microthrombi with or without intimal erosion are major abnormal morphologic findings of OCT examinations. However, further large‐scale studies are required for validation. (J Interven Cardiol 2013;26:491‐500)
Detection of Stent Underdeployment by StentBoost Imaging
Authors: BLICQ ELODIE , GEORGES JEAN‐LOUIS , ELBEAINY ELIAS , GIBAULT‐GENTY GÉRALDINE , BENJEMAA KHALED , JERBI BASSEM , LIVAREK BERNARD 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the additional value of StentBoost® (SB), a motion‐corrected X‐ray technique that enhances stent visualization, for the assessment of stent deployment and procedure optimization during routine percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI).BackgroundUnderdeployment and malapposition of stents during PCI may lead to in‐stent thrombosis and restenosis. Coronary angiography (CA) is of limited value for the assessment of stent deployment. Intravascular ultrasound and optical imaging techniques are the gold standard, but are used in <10% of routine PCIs.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 260 coronary lesions treated by stent implantation and assessed by SB during 168 consecutive PCI procedures. The immediate results of SB analysis and CA were assessed by 2 independent interventional cardiologists and compared.ResultsA total of 275 stents were implanted; 45% were drug‐eluting stents (DES). Direct stenting was performed in 78%. Results of SB and angiography were concordant for 210 lesions: 194 stents were correctly deployed (75%) and 16 were underdeployed (6%), shown by both techniques. In 47 patients (18%), SB detected an underdeployment of the stent whereas the angiographic result was good. Postdilatation was performed on the basis of SB in 89% of these cases. The additional contribution of SB was higher for left main lesions and for DES, and was not affected by coronary calcifications.ConclusionsThis study confirmed the usefulness of the stent visualization enhancement technique StentBoost® in current PCI practice. SB revealed about 20% underdeployed stents not detected by CA, and allowed for optimizing PCI by ad hoc effective postdilatation. (J Interven Cardiol 2013;26:444‐453)
Intracranial Aneurysms in Children: The Role of Stenting and Flow‐Diversion
Authors: Vargas Sergio A. , Diaz Carlos , Herrera Diego A. , Dublin Arthur B. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVETo report a single‐center experience in the endovascular management of cerebral aneurysms in children with stenting and flow‐diversion techniques.METHODSDuring a 7‐year period, 5 male patients with six intracranial aneurysms (IA) were treated by endovascular therapy with stenting or flow‐diversion. The average age was 11 years (range 6‐18 years).RESULTSThe etiology of the aneurysms was vasculopathic in 3 cases (50%), traumatic in 2 patients (33.3%), and idiopathic in 1 case (16.7%). Two‐thirds of the aneurysms were giant in size. The aneurysms were most frequently located in the anterior circulation (66.7%). Fifty percent of the aneurysms were treated with stenting and coiling, and 50% were treated with flow‐diversion stents alone. After treatment, occlusion was graded as: partial in five aneurysms (88.3%) and complete in 1 case (16.7%). Most cases (83.3%) had a good outcome after the procedure. During follow‐up, most aneurysms had progressive occlusion (80%), while the rest were unchanged (20%). Most stents and flow‐diverter devices remained patent (80%). However, one Pipeline flow‐diverter device in the Anterior cerebral artery (ACA) A2 segment had an asymptomatic occlusion.CONCLUSIONSIn this series, device‐assisted endovascular techniques were a relatively safe and effective method of treatment of pediatric aneurysms. However, continued follow‐up is required after treatment, because there are unsolved issues regarding the durability of flow‐diverters and stents.
Horribly Wrong
Authors: Bush Stephen S. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMoral horror is an extreme emotional response to that which violates things we regard as sacred. In Robert Merrihew Adams's view, horror is a response to badness and not to wrongness, and so one could properly regard some actions as horrible but not wrong. In contrast, I argue that horror, when directed toward actions, is only appropriate for wrong actions. The reason is that horror involves moral disgust, and agents who committed a horrible action would have self‐disgust, that is, they would be repulsive to themselves. I argue, with reference to killing in combat and in self‐defense, that those who have done no wrong should not be in such a state.
Particle‐association lifestyle is a phylogenetically conserved trait in bathypelagic prokaryotes
Authors: Salazar Guillem , Cornejo‐Castillo Francisco M. , Borrull Encarna , Díez‐Vives Cristina , Lara Elena , Vaqué Dolors , Arrieta Jesús M. , Duarte Carlos M. , Gasol Josep M. , Acinas Silvia G. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe free‐living (FL) and particle‐attached (PA) marine microbial communities have repeatedly been proved to differ in their diversity and composition in the photic ocean and also recently in the bathypelagic ocean at a global scale. However, although high taxonomic ranks exhibit preferences for a PA or FL mode of life, it remains poorly understood whether two clear lifestyles do exist and how these are distributed across the prokaryotic phylogeny. We studied the FL (<0.8 μm) and PA (0.8–20 μm) prokaryotes at 30 stations distributed worldwide within the bathypelagic oceanic realm (2150–4000 m depth) using high‐throughput sequencing of the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (16S rRNA). A high proportion of the bathypelagic prokaryotes were mostly found either attached to particles or freely in the surrounding water but rarely in both types of environments. In particular, this trait was deeply conserved through their phylogeny, suggesting that the deep‐ocean particles and the surrounding water constitute two highly distinct niches and that transitions from one to the other have been rare at an evolutionary timescale. As a consequence, PA and FL communities had clear alpha‐ and beta‐diversity differences that exceeded the global‐scale geographical variation. Our study organizes the bathypelagic prokaryotic diversity into a reasonable number of ecologically coherent taxa regarding their association with particles, a first step for understanding which are the microbes responsible for the processing of the dissolved and particulate pools of organic matter that have a very different biogeochemical role in the deep ocean.
Colonization of the Mediterranean basin by the vector biting midge species Culicoides imicola: an old story
Authors: Jacquet S. , Garros C. , Lombaert E. , Walton C. , Restrepo J. , Allene X. , Baldet T. , Cetre‐Sossah C. , Chaskopoulou A. , Delecolle J.‐C. , Desvars A. , Djerbal M. , Fall M. , Gardes L. , de Garine‐Wichatitsky M. , Goffredo M. , Gottlieb Y. , Gueye Fall A. , Kasina M. , Labuschagne K. , Lhor Y. , Lucientes J. , Martin T. , Mathieu B. , Miranda M. , Pages N. , Pereira da Fonseca I. , Ramilo D. W. , Segard A. , Setier‐Rio M.‐L. , Stachurski F. , Tabbabi A. , Talla Seck M. , Venter G. , Zimba M. , Balenghien T. , Guis H. , Chevillon C. , Bouyer J. , Huber K. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractUnderstanding the demographic history and genetic make‐up of colonizing species is critical for inferring population sources and colonization routes. This is of main interest for designing accurate control measures in areas newly colonized by vector species of economically important pathogens. The biting midge Culicoides imicola is a major vector of orbiviruses to livestock. Historically, the distribution of this species was limited to the Afrotropical region. Entomological surveys first revealed the presence of C. imicola in the south of the Mediterranean basin by the 1970s. Following recurrent reports of massive bluetongue outbreaks since the 1990s, the presence of the species was confirmed in northern areas. In this study, we addressed the chronology and processes of C. imicola colonization in the Mediterranean basin. We characterized the genetic structure of its populations across Mediterranean and African regions using both mitochondrial and nuclear markers, and combined phylogeographical analyses with population genetics and approximate Bayesian computation. We found a west/east genetic differentiation between populations, occurring both within Africa and within the Mediterranean basin. We demonstrated that three of these groups had experienced demographic expansions in the Pleistocene, probably because of climate changes during this period. Finally, we showed that C. imicola could have colonized the Mediterranean basin in the Late Pleistocene or Early Holocene through a single event of introduction; however, we cannot exclude the hypothesis involving two routes of colonization. Thus, the recent bluetongue outbreaks are not linked to C. imicola colonization event, but rather to biological changes in the vector or the virus.
The origin and genetic differentiation of the socially parasitic aphidTamalia inquilinus
Authors: Miller Donald G. , Lawson Sarah P. , Rinker David C. , Estby Heather , Abbot Patrick 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSocial and brood parasitisms are nonconsumptive forms of parasitism involving the exploitation of the colonies or nests of a host. Such parasites are often related to their hosts and may evolve in various ecological contexts, causing evolutionary constraints and opportunities for both parasites and their hosts. In extreme cases, patterns of diversification between social parasites and their hosts can be coupled, such that diversity of one is correlated with or even shapes the diversity of the other. Aphids in the genusTamaliainduce galls on North American manzanita (Arctostaphylos) and related shrubs (Arbutoideae) and are parasitized by nongalling social parasites or inquilines in the same genus. We usedRNAsequencing to identify and generate new gene sequences forTamaliaand performed maximum‐likelihood, Bayesian and phylogeographic analyses to reconstruct the origins and patterns of diversity and host‐associated differentiation in the genus. Our results indicate that theTamaliainquilines are monophyletic and closely related to their gall‐forming hosts onArctostaphylos, supporting a previously proposed scenario for origins of these parasitic aphids. Unexpectedly, population structure and host‐plant‐associated differentiation were greater in the non‐gall‐inducing parasites than in their gall‐inducing hosts.RNA‐seq indicated contrasting patterns of gene expression between host aphids and parasites, and perhaps functional differences in host‐plant relationships. Our results suggest a mode of speciation in which host plants drive within‐guild diversification in insect hosts and their parasites. Shared host plants may be sufficient to promote the ecological diversification of a network of phytophagous insects and their parasites, as exemplified byTamaliaaphids.
Solving Wollheim's Dilemma: A Fix for the Institutional Definition of Art
Authors: Fokt Simon 
Published: October 2015

AbstractRichard Wollheim threatened George Dickie's institutional definition of art with a dilemma which entailed that the theory is either redundant or incomprehensible and useless. This article modifies the definition to avoid such criticism. First, it shows that the definition's concept of the artworld is not vague when understood as a conventional system of beliefs and practices. Then, based on Gaut's cluster theory, it provides an account of reasons artworld members have to confer the status of a candidate for appreciation. An authorised member of an artworld has a good reason to confer the status on an object if it satisfies a subset of criteria respected as sufficient within this artworld. The first horn of the dilemma is averted because explaining the reasons behind conferral cannot eliminate references to the institution, and the second loses its sharpness, as accepting partial arbitrariness of the conferral does not deprive the theory of its explanatory power.
The Reliability of Armchair Intuitions
Authors: Vaesen Krist , Peterson Martin , Van Bezooijen Bart 
Published: October 2015

AbstractArmchair philosophers have questioned the significance of recent work in experimental philosophy by pointing out that experiments have been conducted on laypeople and undergraduate students. To challenge a practice that relies on expert intuitions, so the armchair objection goes, one needs to demonstrate that expert intuitions rather than those of ordinary people are sensitive to contingent facts such as cultural, linguistic, socio‐economic, or educational background. This article does exactly that. Based on two empirical studies on populations of 573 and 203 trained philosophers, respectively, it demonstrates that expert intuitions vary dramatically according to at least one contingent factor, namely, the linguistic background of the expert: philosophers make different intuitive judgments if their native language is English rather than Dutch, German, or Swedish. These findings cast doubt on the common armchair assumption that philosophical theories based on armchair intuitions are valid beyond the linguistic background against which they were developed.
Fuzzy‐Valued Intensity Measures for Near‐Fault Pulse‐Like Ground Motions
Authors: Li Hao , Yi Wei‐Jian , Yuan Xian‐Xun 
Published: October 2015

Abstract Two fuzzy‐valued (FV) structure‐specific intensity measures (IMs), one based on squared spectral velocity and the other on inelastic spectral displacement, are presented to characterize near‐fault pulse‐like ground motions for performance‐based seismic design and assessment of concrete frame structures. The first IM is designed through fuzzying structural fundamental period to account for the period shift effect due to stiffness degradation, whereas the second IM is developed to take into account higher mode contribution in high‐rise buildings by employing a fuzzy combination of the first two or three modes for the lateral loading pattern in pushover analysis. A benchmark study of three example reinforced concrete frame structures shows that for moderate‐ to medium‐period structures, both of the proposed IMs improve prediction accuracy in comparison with the existing IMs. For short‐period structures, the FV inelastic spectral displacement is the best.
Muslim Selbstverständnis: Ahmet Davutoğlu answers Husserl's Crisis of European Sciences
Authors: Morrison Scott 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn formulating his understanding of Islamic history, thought and politics, the Turkish Muslim thinker Ahmet Davutoğlu approves and adopts the German philosopher Edmund Husserl's formulation of phenomenology — or, philosophy of consciousness. Both Husserl and Davutoğlu perceive a crisis in humanity and identify its causes in scientism and logical positivism, against which they develop their respective phenomenological alternatives. This article places in parallel Husserl's stylised history of Western thought and Weltanschauung method with that of Davutoğlu's Muslim worldview, in order to illuminate the latter's putatively comprehensive interpretation of Islam, diagnosis of the ills of secularism, modernisation, and crisis of values he finds in Muslim societies; and his prescribed treatment for those ills: the privileging of ontology over epistemology, and the full unfolding of core theological concepts of revelation, monotheism, and prophecy. Davutoğlu seeks to reconcile tensions and disputes within Islamic intellectual traditions concerning the nature of God and God's attributes, and the tension between mysticism and rationalism, and the historical and the atemporal. In summary, Davutoğlu's intervention in Islamic traditions is interesting in the effort it makes to appropriate elements of both Husserl and GWF Hegel for the purpose of reconciling a phenomenological reading of Islam with established Islamic authorities and commitments.
Proselytizing Islam — Problematizing “Salafism”
Authors: Olsson Susanne 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis article discusses the contemporary European setting pertaining to Islamic interpretations, mainly so called Salafi Islam. The empirical material is based on publications by a Swedish group that conducts street da῾wa, aiming to proselytize among non‐Muslims. The ideology, as presented in official publications to be used for da῾wa, is described and analyzed as part of a larger da῾wa‐movement with Salafi‐inclinations in Europe. The group is not unique, but rather one example of many in Europe, at least concerning the activism advocated. The presentation of the group serves to reflect upon global influences and similarities among contemporary Islamic da῾wa activism, as well as effects that the national context has on the choice of predominant themes addressed by the group as well as interpretative strategies used. The overarching aim with the article is to problematize the common usage of the concept Salafi among scholars of religion to describe and characterize contemporary Islamic groups of various kinds. The conclusion calls for a more nuanced approach concerning conceptualizations and the use of typologies in studying contemporary Islamic groups in a minority setting.
How to Read Today Natural Law in Aquinas?
Authors: Campodonico Angelo 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWhy our interest in natural law still today? We can always criticize obligations and found human rights on the basis of natural law and we cannot accept a large gap between inclinations and desires on one hand and norms on the other. Natural law is not the lowest common denominator among men and is not always immediately apparent. We can find out it by a resolutio, going back from every day moral experience, from virtues and vices, from civil laws to the first principles. Natural law is the work of practical rationality, that makes order, looking with attention to reality and requires harmony between reason and inclinations towards perfect goods. Human desire is informed by reason and practical reason is always also speculative reason, because it knows reality. Desire “has eyes”, recognizing good. What goodness consists in is perfection. Since human being is open to infinity, the main and inclusive desire is desire for happiness and for God. Inclinations towards good are known, valued, interpreted by practical reason and they become moral norms thanks to the same practical reason.The normative dimension of law is also finalistic. The idea of conveniens is different from both Kantian and Utilitarian points of view. Ethical virtues are the flourishment of the seeds of natural law and there is no necessary opposition between freedom and natural law.
Thomas Aquinas and the Modern and Contemporary Debate on Evil
Authors: Echavarría Agustín 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis article aims to demonstrate that Thomas Aquinas's metaphysics of being, in which evil is considered a privation or lack of perfection introduced only by the creature against God's intention, is a remarkable starting point for solving the main problems involved in the modern and contemporary debate on the problem of evil. It also seeks to prove that Aquinas's position is neither reducible to an ‘optimistic theodicy’ –such as Leibniz's theodicy– nor to a ‘free will defence’.
What Would Thomas Aquinas Say about Intelligent Design?
Authors: George Marie 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn light of Aquinas's teaching, I first critique William Dembski's mathematical approach to design in nature, and then critique Michael Behe's failure to distinguish between causes that physically produce an object and causes responsible for the plan for that object. I then investigate Aquinas's Fifth Way, both comparing it to Paley's argument, and attempting to discern where it disagrees with atheistic accounts of evolution. I show that Aquinas acknowledges that living things can result from finality at one level and chance at another level; in other words, he acknowledges that contingent intermediary causes are able to be part of God's plan or design for the production of new species. Thus, the disagreement between Aquinas and the proponents of atheistic versions of evolution is not due to any denial on his part that chance may have role in the production of new species. I then show that even atheist biologists and philosophers recognize a regular tendency in nature to something good, namely, the tendency for niches to be filled, resulting in the good of biodiversity. Where they and Aquinas part ways is as to whether things that lack cognition can only tend to an end when directed by an intelligent being.
Werner Heisenberg and Thomas Aquinas on Natural Indeterminism
Authors: Silva Ignacio 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWhen Werner Heisenberg presented his views of the fundamental indeterminism to which his uncertainty principle pointed in the basic levels of reality described by quantum mechanics, he used the Aristotelian technical terms of act and potency, affirming that the quantum system is in potency before the measurement and that the potency was actualised when the measurement took place, speaking thus of a ‘new ontology’ of quantum mechanics. I argue that Thomas Aquinas’ Aristotelian account of indeterminism in nature, through his analysis of the notions of matter as potency and form as act, can provide a suitable framework to understand Heisenberg's philosophical intuition about the nature of quantum systems.