bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Values and longevity in family business: evidence from a cross‐cultural analysis
Authors: Tàpies Josep , Fernández Moya María 
Published: September 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to offer an empirical study on the particular topic of the role of values on longevity of family firms in order to open the future research agenda.Design/methodology/approachTo analyse the first issue, the article contrasts samples from Spain, Italy, France and Finland. The second and third issues are focused on the Spanish sample, but, to enrich the debate, Italian and French samples have also been included.FindingsThe present paper seeks to shed light on this stream of research by developing an analysis that focuses on three key elements: the ranking of values that have the most influence on family business longevity, the process of value transmission, and the condition of longevity as an asset.Originality/valueThe link between longevity and values has been pointed out by several authors, who underlined values as an important factor to support a long‐term vision, as well as a source of competitive advantage based on using values as specific company resources. Nevertheless, not many empirical works have dealt with this topic.
Strategies of family businesses in a newly globalized developing economy
Authors: Zain Mohamed , Kassim Norizan M. 
Published: September 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the opportunities and threats faced by family businesses (FBs) from globalization in a developing country environment and how those businesses responded strategically to these factors.Design/methodology/approachThe research employs a questionnaire survey involving 108 firms listed in a database comprising 235 family businesses (FBs) obtained from the Qatar Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Doha, Qatar. The principal analytical technique employed is structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results indicate that the availability of opportunities arising from globalization seems to be more important to FBs than the threats that they may face as a result of globalization. Also, the availability of collaborative networks represents an opportunity for the FBs to expand their business overseas that in turn influence them to look for sources of funds to expand their business. Finally, the availability of the sources of funds not only influences the firms’ readiness to face the forces of globalization but it also influences them to formulate new strategies to face such forces.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of this research is the rather small number of respondents. Nevertheless, the eventual sample of 108 FBs while small can still be regarded as representative. This limits the ability to make broad generalizations from the finding. However, since this is the first time the research on this subject is conducted based on the given framework, the authors believe the findings from this study are still interesting and useful.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that Qatari FBs need to work on establishing networking with foreign partners in order for them to be ready to face globalization. Also, Qatari government needs to find ways to ensure that funding is available for FBs to expand their business either through direct loans or grants or by making sure that financial institutions set aside a portion of their funds for family business lending.Social implicationsThe results indicate that Qatari FBs were responding well to the changes resulting from globalization. Thus, this implies that FBs in Qatar are here to stay and will continue to contribute positively to the Qatari economy and society.Originality/valueSince this is the first time the research on this subject was conducted in Qatar, the authors believe the findings are interesting and useful particularly for family businesses as well as the Qatari government in their efforts to further develop FBs.
Contraindications for external cephalic version in breech position at term: a systematic review
Authors: ROSMAN AGEETH N. , GUIJT ALINE , VLEMMIX FLOORTJE , RIJNDERS MARLIES , MOL BEN W. J. , KOK MARJOLEIN 
Published: September 2012

AbstractObjective. External cephalic version (ECV) is a safe and effective intervention that can prevent breech delivery, thus reducing the need for cesarean delivery. It is recommended in national guidelines. These guidelines also mention contraindications for ECV, and thereby restrict the application of ECV. We assessed whether the formulation of these contraindications in guidelines are based on empiric data. Design. Systematic review. Population. Pregnant women with a singleton breech presentation from 34 weeks. Methods. We searched the National Guideline Clearinghouse, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE (1953–2009), EMBASE (1980–2009), TRIP database (until 2011), NHS (National Health Services, until 2011), Diseases database (until 2011) and NICE guidelines (until 2011) for existing guidelines on ECV and studied the reproducibility of the contraindications stated in the guidelines. Furthermore, we systematically reviewed the literature for contraindications and evidence on these contraindications. Main outcome measures. Contraindications of ECV. Results. We found five guidelines mentioning 18 contraindications, varying from five to 13 per guideline. The contraindications were not reproducible between the guidelines with oligohydramnios as the only contraindication mentioned in all guidelines. The literature search yielded 60 studies reporting on 39 different contraindications, of which we could only assess evidence of six of them. Conclusion. The present study shows that there is no general consensus on the eligibility of patients for ECV. Therefore we propose to limit contraindications for ECV to clear empirical evidence or to those with a clear pathophysiological relevance.
Increasing prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema among schoolchildren: three surveys during the period 1985–2008
Authors: Hansen Tonje Elisabeth , Evjenth Bjørg , Holt Jan 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAimThe prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (AR) and eczema among children has increased worldwide in the last four decades, but recent studies disagree as to whether the prevalence is continuing to rise or is levelling off or declining. The aim of this study was to assess time trends in a subarctic population.MethodsA cross‐sectional, questionnaire‐based survey was carried out in 2008 among children aged 7–14 years in randomly selected schools in Nordland County, Norway (n = 4150). The results are compared with results from identical studies in 1985 (n = 4870) and 1995 (n = 4456).ResultsThe main findings were an increasing prevalence of asthma ever (7.3% in 1985 to 17.6% in 2008, p for trend < 0.001) and AR ever (15.9% in 1985 to 24.5% in 2008, p for trend < 0.001), while the prevalence of eczema ever, after an increase between 1985 and 1995, remained unchanged in the last time period. The prevalence of current disease doubled and trebled between 1995 and 2008 for all three diseases.ConclusionA repeated cross‐sectional survey between 1985 and 2008 documented an increasing prevalence of asthma ever and AR ever among schoolchildren (7–14 years), together with a considerably increase in current asthma, AR and eczema between 1995 and 2008.
Mycophenolate mofetil maintenance therapy in renal transplant patients: long‐term results of the TranCept STAY study
Authors: Heemann Uwe , Kliem Volker , Budde Klemens , Hamza Amir , Jürgensen Jan Steffen , Juarez Federico , Arns Wolfgang , Rath Thomas , Haller Hermann 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundThis prospective observational study documented long‐term renal function in transplant recipients receiving mycophenolate mofetil (MMF).MethodsKidney allograft recipients >6 months post‐transplantation, with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >20 mL/min, receiving MMF from time of transplantation were enrolled and followed for four yr. Subgroups were identified based on time between transplantation and enrollment: Y < 1 (6 months–1 yr); Y1–2 (>1–2 yr); Y2–5 (>2–5 yr) and Y > 5 (>5 yr).ResultsA total of 2040 patients were analyzed; 780, 410, 541 and 309 in subgroups Y < 1, Y1–2, Y2–5 and Y > 5. For all patients combined GFR decreased during the observational period by approximately 1 mL/min/yr (median GFR (mL/min) was 50.8, 50.5, 48.7, and 47.6 at one, two, three, and four yr). Survival estimates for decline in renal function (>20% GFR decline at one time point) were 78%, 66%, 57%, and 51% at one, two, three and four yr, with no significant differences between subgroups (p > 0.05). In adult patients, higher doses of MMF (≥1 g/d) were associated with better GFR outcomes (median GFR (mL/min) 48.1 vs. 39.9 at four yr post‐enrollment; p = 0.0037). When comparing the effects of MMF combined with calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), GFR was increased with lower doses of tacrolimus or cyclosporin. There were no major tolerability or acute rejection problems and graft survival was similar in all subgroups (graft survival estimates for all patients combined were 99%, 95%, 92%, and 90% at one, two, three, and four yr).ConclusionsLong‐term MMF immunosuppression preserves renal function and higher MMF doses combined with lower CNI doses may provide better patient outcomes.
ACTH‐secreting Crooke cell carcinoma of the pituitary
Authors: Kovács Gábor L. , Góth Miklós , Rotondo Fabio , Scheithauer Bernd W. , Carlsen Eivind , Saadia Ali , Hubina Erika , Kovács László , Szabolcs István , Nagy Pál , Czirják Sándor , Hanzély Zoltán , Kovács Kálmán , Horváth Éva , Korbonits Márta 
Published: September 2012

Eur J Clin Invest 2012AbstractPurpose  While pituitary adenomas are common, pituitary carcinomas are rare. It is unclear whether pituitary carcinomas arise de novo or evolve from adenomas.Methods  We studied the clinical characteristics and tissue samples from eight pituitary surgeries and the autopsy from a patient with pituitary carcinoma. A 16‐year‐old female patient was diagnosed with an aggressive Crooke cell macroadenoma. Following transsphenoidal surgery, clinical signs of Cushing disease quickly reappeared. During the 14‐year course of the illness, eight pituitary surgeries, three courses of extracranial irradiation and two 90Yttrium‐DOTATOC treatments were undertaken. A bilateral adrenalectomy was performed. The patient died of metastatic disease and uncontrolled hypercortisolism due to an adrenal remnant. A systematic morphologic study (histologic staining, electron microscopy) of all available surgical and autopsy specimens was undertaken.Results  Brisk mitotic activity, high Ki‐67 and p53 immunolabelling were present in the pituitary samples from the onset. High proportion of tumour cells showed irregular nuclei and large nucleoli, and gradual increase in MGMT staining was observed. The tumour remained of Crooke cell type throughout the course. Autopsy disclosed a postirradiation sarcoma in the pituitary area.Conclusions  The question whether pituitary carcinomas arise de novo or transform from an adenoma cannot be answered at present with certainty.
Fiction and Conversation
Authors: Greve Anniken 
Published: September 2012

AbstractExploring Rhees's analogy between everyday conversation and literature, the paper suggests a conception of form that encourages us to see literary works as contributions to conversation in virtue of their concern. How we might read for the concern of a literary work is exemplified by readings of Ibsen'sGhostsandThe Wild Duck. These readings suggest that Rhees's analogy not only throws light on the communicative powers of literature: viewing everyday talk in the light of works of literature also gives us a better grasp of what goes on in conversation.
God and Evil: A View from Swansea
Authors: Gleeson Andrew 
Published: September 2012

AbstractHerbert McCabe and Brian Davies defend an Aquinas‐inspired, anti‐anthropomorphic natural theology that emphasises the mysterious distance between the Creator and his creation. This theology gives rise to a powerful response to the problem of evil, powerful enough to scuttle the academic problem of evil that is based on a confused anthropomorphic understanding of God. But that does not dispose of the problem of evil per se. The McCabe–Davies natural theology can succeed only by appropriating a personal understanding of “the ultimate question” (why is there something rather than nothing?), which is at odds with their reluctance to give up on a metaphysical argument to establish the reality of God from outside religious faith and practice. But if that same personal understanding is applied to the problem of evil we find it generates “the unprecedented charge,” a form of the problem that does not depend on an anthropomorphic conception of God. The way forward for the McCabe–Davies natural theology is to follow Dewi Phillips in his rejection of philosophy's aspiration to find “external justifications” for our religious lives.
Rhees on the Unity of Language
Authors: Hertzberg Lars 
Published: September 2012

AbstractRush Rhees held Wittgenstein's work in high esteem but considered it in need of deepening. He was critical of Wittgenstein's idea that the builders' game might be the whole language of a tribe and that human language could be thought of as simply a range of language games. Rhees thought that Wittgenstein failed to do justice to the unity of language. The idea of the unity of language appears to have both an anthropological and an ethical aspect. The latter is illustrated with the help of a Hemingway story.
Peter Winch on Norms and Conventions
Authors: Le Du Michel 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIn one of his finest papers, Peter Winch establishes a distinction between norms and conventions and suggests that the latter is unable to account for many human institutions and practices. He argues that an empirical alternative must be conceivable in order for a norm to be considered as a convention and adds that many of the most central norms in different meaningful ways of life do not fulfil this condition. The aim of this article is to examine some of the consequences of this distinction for anthropological thought.
Maternal Psychological Absence and Toddlers' Social‐Emotional Development: Interpretations From the Perspective of Boundary Ambiguity Theory
Authors: Bocknek Erika L. , Brophy‐Herb Holly E. , Fitzgerald Hiram , Burns‐Jager Kathleen , Carolan Marsha T. 
Published: September 2012

The current study tests a novel latent construct reflecting psychological absence and examines its relations with maternal depression, mother–toddler interactions, and toddlers' social‐emotional outcomes in a low‐income sample (N = 2,632).Structural equation modeling confirmed a psychological absence construct and revealed that psychological absence, measured at the child's 36‐month birthday‐related assessment, is a significant predictor of children's social‐emotional development at 36 months, mediated by mother–child interaction. Results are interpreted within a boundary ambiguity framework.
Unconsented HIV Testing in Cases of Occupational Exposure: Ethics, Law, and Policy
Authors: Cowan Ethan , Macklin Ruth 
Published: September 2012

ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2012; 19:1181–1187 © 2012 by the Society for Academic Emergency MedicineAbstractPostexposure prophylaxis (PEP) has substantially reduced the risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) after an occupational exposure; nevertheless, exposure to HIV remains a concern for emergency department providers. According to published guidelines, PEP should be taken only when source patients are HIV‐positive or have risk factors for HIV. Initiating PEP when source patients are uninfected puts exposed persons at risk from taking toxic drugs with no compensating benefit. Forgoing PEP if the source is infected results in increased risk of acquiring HIV. What should be done if source patients refuse HIV testing? Is it justifiable to test the blood of these patients over their autonomous objection? The authors review current law and policy and perform an ethical analysis to determine if laws permitting unconsented testing in cases of occupational exposure can be ethically justified.
Field Contamination of Skeletonized Human Remains with Exogenous DNA
Authors: Edson Suni M. , Christensen Alexander F. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory reports the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences of over 800 skeletal samples a year for the Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command–Central Identification Laboratory. These sequences are generated from degraded skeletal remains that are presumed to belong to U.S. service members missing from past military conflicts. In the laboratory, it is possible to control for contamination of remains; however, in the field, it can be difficult to prevent modern DNA from being transferred to skeletal elements and being carried forward through the analysis process. Four such cases are described here along with the controls in place in the laboratory to eliminate the possibility of the exogenous DNA being reported as authentic. In each case, the controls implemented by the laboratories prevented the false reporting of contaminant exogenous DNA from remains that were either faunal or human, but lacked endogenous DNA.
Creep of Nextel™ 610 Fiber at 1100°C in Air and in Steam
Authors: Armani Clinton J. , Ruggles‐Wrenn Marina B. , Fair Geoff E. , Hay Randall S. 
Published: September 2012

Creep of Nextel™610 fibers was investigated at 1100°C and 100–500 MPa in air and in steam. The effect of loading rate on fiber tensile strength was also explored. The presence of steam accelerated creep and reduced fiber lifetimes. Loading rate had a considerable effect on tensile strength in steam, but not in air. A linear elastic crack growth model was used to predict the creep lifetimes from the constant loading rate data. The dependence of tensile strength on loading rate and the predictability of creep lifetimes suggest that the failure mechanism in steam was environmentally assisted subcritical crack growth. The creep‐rupture data were analyzed in terms of a Monkman‐Grant (MG) relationship. Monkman‐Grant parameters for creep‐rupture data were the same in steam and air, and predicted creep‐rupture at 1100°C in both environments. A grain‐size increase of about 25% was observed by TEM after 100 h at 1100°C in steam, which was about two times that observed in air.
Sperm cephalic vacuoles: new arguments for their non acrosomal origin in two cases of total globozoospermia
Authors: Gatimel N. , Léandri R. D. , Foliguet B. , Bujan L. , Parinaud J. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryTo add new arguments concerning the origin of the sperm‐head vacuoles observed under high magnification with interference contrast microscopy, we carried out in two patients with total globozoospermia confirmed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), a detailed sperm morphometric analysis with high magnification (×6000) under Nomarski contrast, an acrosomal status analysis (using fluorescent labelling with peanut agglutinin (PNA) lectins and anti‐CD46 antibodies) and a nuclear status analysis (using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick‐end labelling assay TUNEL, sperm chromatin structure assay SCSA and aniline blue staining). Our two patients with globozoospermia had relative sperm vacuole areas of 6.3% and 5%, similar to those observed in a reference population of 12 fertile men (5.9%). TUNEL and SCSA assays gave normal results in both patients, although the percentage of immature nuclei using aniline blue staining was increased (27 and 46% for patient 1 and 2 respectively). Cytofluorescence and TEM analysis evidence differences between the two patients: although no acrosomal neither Golgi residue could be detected in patient 1, patient 2 had positive PNA lectin labelling for 9% of spermatozoa and Golgi residues were seen using electron microscopy. Unlike patient 1, a live birth could be obtained after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for patient 2. This descriptive study of two patients with total globozoospermia confirmed using TEM argue in favour of a deep analysis of total globozoospermia before assisted reproductive technology and provides further information on the non‐acrosomal origin of the sperm‐head vacuoles observed under high magnification.
Development and psychometric testing of the Swedish version of the Body Awareness Questionnaire
Authors: Lööf Helena , Johansson Unn‐Britt , Henriksson Elisabet Welin , Lindblad Staffan , Saboonchi Fredrik 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAimThis paper is a report of the development and psychometric testing of the Swedish version of the Body Awareness Questionnaire to measure bodily focus of attention.BackgroundThe Body Awareness Questionnaire has been identified as an instrument with excellent psychometric properties within the concept of body awareness. It has been used in both research and clinical settings in different contexts. However, a validated Swedish version is not available.MethodA cross‐sectional design was applied for adaptation of the Body Awareness Questionnaire and psychometric validation. Data were collected between autumn 2009 and spring 2011 from 120 patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, and from 120 students. The ‘concurrent think aloud’ method was used in a pre‐test to determine the usability of the questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha was used to test the internal consistency, and confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the construct validity.ResultsAccording to the confirmatory factor analysis, neither the one‐factor model nor the four‐factor model tested in this study fulfilled the pre‐specified criteria in accordance with the Comparative Fit Index, Standardized Root Mean Squared Residual and the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation. The value of Cronbach's alpha for the Swedish version of the Body Awareness Questionnaire was satisfactory.ConclusionOur results indicate that the two models tested in this study do not provide a good fit to the observed data. Further refinement and testing of the Swedish version of the Body Awareness Questionnaire is therefore required. The concept of body awareness may be useful in the management of chronic disease and can be addressed in nursing.
The association between dental status and temporomandibular osseous changes: a morphological study on Roman–Byzantine skeletons
Authors: Levartovsky S. , Gavish A. , Nagar Y. , Sarphati L. , Levartovsky D. , Winocur E. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dental status and the prevalence and severity of osseous changes in the temporomandibular joints of human skulls from the Roman–Byzantine period. Fifty‐eight skulls from 36 men and 22 women between the ages of 19 and 63 years were studied, and the following parameters were evaluated: morphological osseous changes in the articular surface of the condyles, tooth wear and molar support. A significant correlation between age and dental wear or loss of molar support was observed, although no correlation was noted between age and morphological osseous changes in the condyles. The loss of molar support was significantly correlated with morphological osseous changes of the condyles, whereas no significant correlation was found between dental wear and condylar changes. This study demonstrates that the loss of molar support can serve as a predictor of osseous changes in the condyle. Reduced molar support may be one of the aetiologies associated with morphological osseous changes in temporomandibular joints. Further studies should to be performed to investigate this potential correlation.