bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of serum protein biomarkers by surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung
Authors: Jiang Min , Gu Guohao , Ni Bin , Wang Wenjing , Shi Jinfang , Liao Ping , Hu Heng 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAimEarly diagnosis of lung cancer is important for successful treatment and improving the outcome of patients. We explored novel tools for screening serum biomarkers to distinguish adenocarcinoma of the lung from healthy controls by serum protein profiles.MethodsSerum samples were taken from 31 patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung and 31 healthy controls, matched for age, sex and smoking status. Serum samples were applied to strong anion 2(SAX‐2) protein chips to generate mass spectra by surface‐enhanced laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (SELDI‐TOF‐MS). Protein peak identification and clustering were performed using Biomarker Wizard, compared by MATLAB 7.5 and a classification tree was constructed using R weka software. The validity of the classification tree was then challenged with a blind test.ResultsThe software identified 102 peaks and m/z 14022.9 and m/z 3735.99 was used to construct a classification tree. The classification tree effectively separated adenocarcinoma of lung patients from healthy controls, achieving a validity of 100%. The blind test challenged the model with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 100%.ConclusionThe results suggested that the SELDI‐TOF‐MS technique can correctly distinguish adenocarcinoma of lung patients from healthy controls and showed great potential for development as a screening test for the detection of lung cancer.
Exploring the Role of Antithrombin Replacement for the Treatment of Preeclampsia: A Prospective Randomized Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Recombinant Antithrombin in Very Preterm Preeclampsia (PRESERVE‐1)
Authors: Paidas Michael J. , Sibai Bahaeddine M. , Triche Elizabeth W. , Frieling Johan , Lowry Simon ,   The PRESERVE‐1 Study Group
Published: February 2013

ProblemAntithrombin (AT) replacement has been described in patients with hereditary AT deficiency undergoing delivery; however, the kinetics of AT replacement in preeclampsia is not adequately understood. Therefore, the Prospective Randomized Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Recombinant Antithrombin in Very Preterm Preeclampsia (PRESERVE‐1) study has been proposed.MethodsSixty women aged ≥18 years at 24 0/7–28 0/7 weeks' gestation and with hypertension and proteinuria will be enrolled and randomly assigned to receive recombinant human AT or placebo until fetal and/or maternal indications cause cessation of expectant management or until 34 0/7 weeks' gestation. The primary endpoint is the increase in gestational age from randomization to delivery. Safety assessments and laboratory assays will also be performed.ResultsPRESERVE‐1 study enrollment will begin during the second half of 2013.ConclusionThe PRESERVE‐1 study will provide further insight into the pharmacokinetic activity and safety of AT therapy in preeclampsia.
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor‐1 (‐675) 4G/5G Polymorphism and Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Czech Women
Authors: Subrt Ivan , Ulcova‐Gallova Zdenka , Cerna Monika , Hejnalova Marketa , Slovanova Jitka , Bibkova Katarina , Micanova Zdenka 
Published: February 2013

ProblemThis study compares the frequencies of plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (‐675) 4G/5G polymorphism and its relationship with eight antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) in serum of 157 patients with repeated pregnancy loss (RPL).Method of studyPAI‐1 (‐675) 4G/5G polymorphism was determined using standard PCR‐RFLP method. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was used for the detection of aPLs against ph‐serine, ph‐ethanolamine, ph‐inositol, ph‐DL‐glycerol, phosphatidic acid, annexin V, cardiolipin, and beta2‐GPI. Allelic frequency and distribution of genotypes were calculated. The prevalence of the risk conferring 4G allele and 4G/4G homozygous genotype in patients and controls was compared, and the correlation between aPLs positivity and PAI‐1 4G/4G genotype was tested by chi‐square test.ResultsStatistically highly significant correlation between RPL and PAI‐1 (‐675) 4G/4G genotype was found. No correlation between PAI‐1 (‐675) 4G/5G polymorphism and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in RPL patients was observed.ConclusionsPAI‐1 (‐675) 4G/4G homozygous genotype increases the risk of RPL independently from the aPLs positivity.
IL‐22 Levels are Associated with Trichomonas vaginalis Infection in the Lower Genital Tract
Authors: Makinde Hadijat Moradeke , Zariffard Reza , Mirmonsef Paria , Novak Richard M , Jarrett Olamide , Landay Alan L , Spear Gregory T 
Published: February 2013

ProblemIL‐22 has important functions at mucosal surfaces, including the induction of antimicrobial peptides and maintenance of epithelium. However, IL‐22 has not been investigated in the genital tract during TV infection.Methods of StudyWomen who visited an STD clinic and women from a cohort with frequent Trichomoniasis were studied. IL‐22, IL‐17, and antimicrobial peptides were measured in cervicovaginal lavage by ELISA.ResultsIn women visiting the STD clinic, those without STDs (n = 10) had a median IL‐22 of 0 pg/mL, while women with infections (n = 30) had 27 pg/mL (P = 0.04). In the cohort, women with Trichomoniasis (n = 19) had significantly higher IL‐22 than women with no infections (n = 21, 74 versus 0 pg/mL, P = 0.0001). IL‐17 was also significantly increased in Trichomoniasis, and there was a correlation between IL‐22 and IL‐17 (P = 0.001).ConclusionIL‐22 is increased in STDs generally and in Trichomoniasis specifically suggesting an antimicrobial response of the mucosa and an epithelial repair process induced by the STDs.
CD40, CD80, and CD86 Costimulatory Molecules are Differentially Expressed on Murine Splenic Antigen‐presenting Cells During the Pre‐implantation Period of Pregnancy, and they Modulate Regulatory T‐cell Abundance, Peripheral Cytokine Response, and Pregnancy Outcome
Authors: Slawek Anna , Maj Tomasz , Chelmonska‐Soyta Anna 
Published: February 2013

ProblemThe object of the study was to investigate the costimulatory phenotype of spleen antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) in mice after mating and the influence of costimulatory signal blocking on pregnancy outcome, cytokine production, and Treg cell concentration.Method of studyThe levels of CD40, CD80, and CD86 on spleen APCs at day 0.5 and 3.5 after mating (C57BL/6Jx DBA/2J and C57BL/6JxBalb/c) were assessed by flow cytometry and RT‐PCR. Blocking antibodies against costimulatory molecules were given i.p. at day 3.5 after mating. Pregnancy outcomes, blood cytokine (ELISA), and spleen Treg (flow cytometry) concentrations were examined at day 10.5 after mating.ResultsDifferential expression of costimulatory molecules on spleen APCs of mated v. pseudopregnant mice was observed mainly at day 3.5 after conception. Administration of anti‐CD86 antibody lowered pregnancy outcome. Cytokine expression was modulated after administration of anti‐CD86, anti‐CD80 and anti‐CD40 antibodies, whereas only anti‐CD40 antibody changed the concentration of Treg lymphocytes and the level of Foxp3 protein expression.ConclusionCostimulatory phenotype of female spleen APCs is distinctly modulated after mating. Alteration of costimulatory signal derived from APCs during pre‐implantation period of pregnancy may have an adverse effect on pregnancy outcome and the tolerogenic immune response.
Healthy hospital food initiatives in the United States: time to ban sugar sweetened beverages to reduce childhood obesity
Authors: Wojcicki Janet M 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
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While childhood obesity is a global problem, the extent and severity of the problem in United States, has resulted in a number of new initiatives, including recent hospital initiatives to limit the sale of sweetened beverages and other high calorie drinks in hospital vending machines and cafeterias. These proposed policy changes are not unique to United States, but are more comprehensive in the number of proposed hospitals that they will impact. Meanwhile, however, it is advised, that these initiatives should focus on banning sugar sweetened beverages, including sodas, 100% fruit juice and sports drinks, from hospital cafeterias and vending machines instead of limiting their presence, so as to ensure the success of these programs in reducing the prevalence of childhood obesity. If US hospitals comprehensively remove sugar sweetened beverages from their cafeterias and vending machines, these programs could subsequently become a model for efforts to address childhood obesity in other areas of the world.ConclusionHospitals should be a model for health care reform in their communities and removing sugar sweetened beverages is a necessary first step.
The prevalence of oesophageal eosinophilia and eosinophilic oesophagitis: a prospective study in unselected patients presenting to endoscopy
Authors: Sealock R. J. , Kramer J. R. , Verstovsek G. , Richardson P. , Rugge M. , Parente P. , Vela M. , El‐Serag H. B. 
Published: February 2013

SummaryBackgroundOesophageal eosinophilia (EE) is encountered in clinical practice as oesophageal biopsies are being obtained in patients with GI symptoms other than classical symptoms of eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE). The prevalence, determinants and clinical relevance of EE identified irrespective of symptoms are unclear.AimTo determine the prevalence and risk factors of EE with or without EoE in a nonselected group of patients undergoing endoscopy and in primary care patients.MethodsA cross‐sectional study in a single VA centre in which we obtained at least one oesophageal biopsy from patients presenting to elective endoscopy, as well as a sample of patients eligible for screening colonoscopy recruited from primary care clinics. EE was defined by >15 eosinophils in a single HPF; and EoE was defined as definite, probable or none depending on the presence of EE, acid‐suppressive therapy and oesophageal symptoms.ResultsEE was identified in 33 of 1357 patients (2.4%, 95% CI: 1.7–3.4); of whom 9 had definite EoE (0.66%, 95% CI: 0.23–1.10), 17 had probable EoE (1.25%), and the only 7 patients had EE without EoE. The prevalence of EE was 2.3% among patients undergoing elective endoscopy and 0.1% among patients eligible for screening colonoscopy. Seasonal allergies (adjusted OR: 2.78; 95% CI: 1.26–6.11) and oesophageal strictures (4.50; 0.90–22.40) were associated with EE.ConclusionsThe prevalence of EE was 2.3% among unselected patients presenting to endoscopy most of whom have EoE. EE was present in 0.1% in primary care patients none of whom had EoE.
Construction of predictive models for recurrence and progression in >1000 patients with non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) from a single centre
Authors: Ali‐El‐Dein Bedeir , Sooriakumaran Prasanna , Trinh Quoc‐Dien , Barakat Tamer S. , Nabeeh Adel , Ibrahiem El‐Housseiny I. 
Published: February 2013

Objective
To construct predictive models based on the objectively calculated risks of progression and recurrence of non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) in a large cohort of patients from a single centre.
Patients and Methods
Between October 1984 and March 2009 a cohort of 1019 patients (877 males; 142 females; median age 44 years) with histologically confirmed NMIBC was included in this study.
Among these patients, 74% received bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG)‐based therapy. Complete transurethral resection of bladder tumour of all visible tumours was carried out in all patients, and the stage and grade were determined.
Univariate analysis and multivariate Cox regression were used to identify predictors of recurrence and progression. The studied predictors included age, sex, stage, grade, associated carcinoma in situ, tumour size, multiplicity, macroscopic appearance of the tumour, history of recurrence and type of adjuvant intravesical therapy.
Multivariate logistic regression models were used to develop the 12‐ and 60‐month recurrence and progression predictive models. The predictive accuracy of the models was assessed for discrimination as well as calibration.
Results
The median (range) follow‐up was 44 (6–254) months.
On multivariate analysis, stage, multiplicity, history of recurrence and adjuvant intravesical therapy were significantly associated with recurrence, whereas for progression only tumour grade and size were significant independent predictors.
The constructed nomograms had a 64.9% and 69.4% chance of correctly distinguishing between two patients, one destined to have a recurrence and one not at 12 and 60 months, respectively.
The constructed nomograms had a 70.2% and 73.5% chance of correctly distinguishing between two patients, one destined to progress and one not at 12 and 60 months, respectively. All predictive models were well calibrated.
Conclusions
Based on multivariate analysis of the studied prognostic factors nomograms for predicting recurrence and progression in NMIBC were constructed.
Most of the studied patients had received BCG‐based therapy, making these models more closely applicable to contemporary practice than others.
These predictive models have reasonable discriminative ability and are well calibrated, but require external validation before they can be applied to other populations.
Feline sarcoma‐related protein expression correlates with malignant aggressiveness and poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Miyata Yasuyoshi , Kanda Shigeru , Sakai Hideki , Greer Peter A. 
Published: February 2013

Feline sarcoma‐related protein (Fer) is a ubiquitously expressed non‐receptor protein tyrosine kinase associated with proliferation in various cancer cells. However, no reports have described the pathological roles and prognostic value of Fer expression in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We investigated Fer expression in three RCC cell lines (ACHN, Caki‐1, and Caki‐2) and in normal tubule cells (HK‐2) by immunoblotting. Fer expression was highest in ACHN cells, with Caki‐1 showing intermediate levels and Caki‐2 showing low levels, and was undetectable in HK‐2. RNA interference was therefore used to assess the effects of Fer knockdown in ACHN. Knockdown of Fer expression was found to inhibit RCC cell proliferation and colony formation. Immunohistochemical analysis of 131 human RCC tissues (110 conventional, 11 chromophobe, and 10 papillary) investigated relationships between Fer expression and clinicopathological features, including cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, and prognostic value for survival. In human tissues, Fer expression was significantly higher in cancer cells than in normal tubules. In addition, expression levels correlated with cancer cell proliferation, but not with apoptosis. Multivariate analysis indicated associations of Fer expression with pT stage, tumor grade, and metastasis (P < 0.001). Fer expression was also prognostic for cause‐specific survival according to multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 3.89; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–14.84, P = 0.047). Fer expression correlates with RCC cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, and with tumor progression and survival. This represents useful information for discussing the pathological and clinical significance of Fer in RCC.
Alström syndrome is associated with short stature and reduced GH reserve
Authors: Romano S. , Maffei P. , Bettini V. , Milan G. , Favaretto F. , Gardiman M. , Marshall J. D. , Greggio N. A. , Pozzan G. B. , Collin G. B. , Naggert J. K. , Bronson R. , Vettor R. 
Published: February 2013

SummaryIntroductionAlström syndrome (ALMS) is a rare autosomal recessive monogenic disease included in an emerging class of genetic disorders called ‘ciliopathies’ and is likely to impact the central nervous system as well as metabolic and endocrine function. Individuals with ALMS present clinical features resembling a growth hormone deficiency (GHD) condition, but thus far no study has specifically investigated this aspect in a large population.Material and MethodsTwenty‐three patients with ALMS (age, 1–52 years; 11 males, 12 females) were evaluated for anthropometric parameters (growth charts and standard deviation score (SDS) of height, weight, BMI), GH secretion by growth hormone–releasing hormone + arginine test (GHRH‐arg), bone age, and hypothalamic–pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A group of 17 healthy subjects served as controls in the GH secretion study. Longitudinal retrospective and prospective data were utilized.ResultsThe length‐for‐age measurements from birth to 36 months showed normal growth with most values falling within −0·67 SDS to +1·28 SDS. A progressive decrease in stature‐for‐age was observed after 10 years of age, with a low final height in almost all ALMS subjects (>16–20 years; mean SDS, −2·22 ± 1·16). The subset of 12 patients with ALMS tested for GHRH‐arg showed a significantly shorter stature than age‐matched controls (154·7 ± 10·6 cm vs 162·9 ± 4·8 cm, P = 0·009) and a mild increase in BMI (Kg/m2) (27·8 ± 4·8 vs 24·1 ± 2·5, P = 0·007). Peak GH after GHRH‐arg was significantly lower in patients with ALMS in comparison with controls (11·9 ± 6·9 μg/l vs 86·1 ± 33·2 μg/l, P < 0·0001). Severe GHD was evident biochemically in 50% of patients with ALMS. The 10 adult ALMS patients with GHD showed a reduced height in comparison with those without GHD (149·7 ± 6·2 cm vs 161·9 ± 9·2 cm, P = 0·04). MRIs of the diencephalic and pituitary regions were normal in 11 of 12 patients. Bone age was advanced in 43% of cases.ConclusionsOur study shows that 50% of nonobese ALMS patients have an inadequate GH reserve to GHRH‐arg and may be functionally GH deficient. The short stature reported in ALMS may be at least partially influenced by impairment of GH secretion.
Visceral adipose tissue is significantly associated with hearing thresholds in adult women
Authors: Kim Tae Su , Park Sung Won , Kim Do Yeon , Kim Eon Bin , Chung Jong Woo , So Hong‐Seob 
Published: February 2013

SummaryObjectiveMetabolic syndrome is a risk factor for age‐related hearing impairment (ARHI). There are metabolic differences between abdominal adipose tissue present in subcutaneous and visceral areas. In this study, we investigated the association between abdominal fat composition, measured by computerized tomography (CT), and hearing thresholds.Patients and MethodsWe recruited 662 adults aged 40–82 years with normal or symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss who underwent fat measurement by CT. Linear regression models were used to address the association between risk factors, including abdominal fat composition, and average hearing levels at low and high frequencies.ResultsAfter adjusting for age, systemic disease and other variables, a positive association between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area and average hearing threshold was observed in women. In men, there was no significant association between abdominal fat composition and hearing threshold.ConclusionOur findings show an association between VAT and hearing impairment in women. A reduction in visceral adiposity may help to prevent hearing loss in women.
Comparison between microcomputed tomography and cone‐beam computed tomography radiologic bone to assess atrophic posterior maxilla density and microarchitecture
Authors: Monje Alberto , Monje Florencio , González‐García Raúl , Galindo‐Moreno Pablo , Rodriguez‐Salvanes Francisco , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between bone density obtained by cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) and morphometric parameters of bone analyzed by microcomputed tomography (μ‐CT).Material and methodsAn overall of 32 subjects ≤8 mm of bone height were included in the study. One site per patient was randomly selected to obtain bone core. Totally, 27 biopsies were available for μ‐CT analysis. In addition, CBCT was taken after positioning a previously fabricated acrylic resin template with a 2‐mm‐diameter metal rod at the randomly selected implant site to study radiographic bone density (RBD). The relationship between μ‐CT and CBCT quantitative variable and RBD was analyzed using Spearman correlation.ResultsPositive correlations between BV/TV (r = 0.769, P < 0.001), BS/TV (r = 0.563, P = 0.002), Tb.Th (r = 0.491, P = 0.009), Tb.N (r = 0.518, P = 0.005) and vBMD (r = 0.699, P < 0.001) with RBD were identified. On the contrary, BS/BV (r = −0.509, P = 0.006), Tb.Sp (r = −0.539, P = 0.003) and Tb.Pf (r = −0.636, P < 0.001) were negatively correlated with RBD. Moreover, SMI (r = −0.380, P = 0.050) and DA (−0.245, P = 0.217) were negatively correlated but not statistically significant.ConclusionThis study demonstrated the correlation between radiographic bone density (RBD) and bone density assessed by μ‐CT. Therefore, our data supported the use of CBCT as pre‐operative tool for implant treatment planning because it is shown to be reliable to assess atrophic posterior maxilla density and microarchitecture.
Effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation on sinus augmentation in rabbits
Authors: Takebe Hiroaki , Nakanishi Yasuhiro , Hirose Yukito , Ochi Morio 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of low intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS) and to determine the optimal frequency for enhancing bone regeneration in sinus augmentation using a rabbit model.Material and methodsThirty male rabbits underwent sinus augmentation. Two rectangular nasal bone windows were outlined bilaterally. LIPUS was applied at two different frequencies (1 MHz and 3 MHz) on experimental sites daily for 2, 4 and 8 weeks. Each histological area of the experimental and control sites was divided into upper and lower parts from the parietal region to a depth of 5 mm. Each area of new bone was measured.ResultsAt 2, 4 and 8 weeks, the experimental sites in the 1 MHz group exhibited significantly more new bone growth than the control sites in both the upper and lower parts. When the upper and lower parts of each area were measured in combination there was a statistical difference between the test and control sites in the 1 MHz group at 2, 4 and 8 weeks; however, there were no statistical differences between the test and control sites in the 3 MHz group.ConclusionsThe results suggest that clinical application of LIPUS for sinus augmentation may promote new bone formation, and that the effect of LIPUS for sinus augmentation at a frequency of 1 MHz was greater than at 3 MHz until 8 weeks after sinus augmentation.