bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving Production Performance by Coupling Power Water Injection and Gas Lift in Pressure-Depleted Gas-Cap Reservoirs
Authors: Odumboni Idowu , Basu Subhayu 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Improving production and ultimate recovery (UR) from pressure-depleted reservoirs overlain with gas-cap poses considerable risks and challenges that include complex structure, uncertainties in current reservoir fluid distribution and insufficient reservoir energy to produce formation fluids. Both gas cap expansion and solution gas liberation, as a result of decline in static pressure, causes the GOC to migrate downstructure. In addition, the extent and uniformity of OWC movement upstructure would depend on aquifer strength, heterogeneity and mobility ratio at the depleted insitu conditions. Unfavourable mobility ratio further escalates the uncertainty in saturation distribution from the standpoint of determining optimum infill wells locations. The paper will review the case history of two formations in OML-XYZ where declining trend in production performance was reversed by combining power water injection (PWI), gas lift (GL) and optimum placement of infill wells that maximises production and UR. Downhole pressure recordings have demonstrated continuous and steady rise in reservoir pressure since commencement of PWI that has translated to higher oil production. Well surveillance reveals positive response to PWI and GL from decreasing GOR, stable or increasing FTHP. In addition, infill wells are planned to recover reserves that would be bypassed by existing producers even after providing pressure support and continuous GL gas supply. The paper will present steps taken to mitigate the risks stemming from complex structure and uncertainty in current fluid distribution.
Kv/Kh in Heterogeneous Reservoirs of a Brown Field of the Niger Delta of Nigeria – Valuable Uncertain Parameter for Assisted History Matching
Authors: Campero Manuel F , Nwonodi Chike , Onwuchekwa Chukwuma , Eke Kenneth , Adenaiye Olaniyi , Igogo Arit , Adekoya Oluwaseyi , Ebere Anosike 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
It is commonly practice in reservoir modelling to use constant kv/kh values to define vertical permeability in numerical reservoir models. This is often in response to paucity of core data and need to reduce simulation run time. That traditional approach works fine in fairly homogeneous reservoirs; however, in reservoirs with heterogeneity, due to more complex depositional environment like shallow marine deposits, it is not necessarily a good practice to assume single averaged kv/kh values to represent vertical connectivity for such reservoirs.
This paper highlights the importance of understanding reservoirs' vertical connectivity by properly defining kv/kh as a function of lithofacies and evaluating its impact on history match and prediction outcomes on one case study for a heterogeneous brown field reservoir with complex depositional environment in the Niger Delta. Core data, wellsite cuttings data along with available production, and pressure data were used to calibrate the petrophysical and numerical dynamic models. The study also considers substantially a multi-disciplinary approach to uncertainty management, using Experimental Design (ED) methods to understand and validate kv/kh ranges as a function of lithofacies.
This methodology was successfully implemented across several oil reservoirs (D2000-D7000 EXHJK) in a recently concluded field project in the Niger delta of Nigeria. As an example, this paper discusses the results, and recommendations for one reservoir (D5000X) selected out of this project study. The main objective from this project is the importance of understanding vertical connectivity in a complex reservoir by capturing heterogeneity and major geological features in the integrated 3D dynamic model aiming to achieve acceptable history match at reservoir level, but also more importantly on a well-by-well basis. The robustness of the integrated dynamic model provided higher level of confidence for prediction, and resulted with increased certainty for the forecasts by a factor of 3 (reduced solution space) after implementing variable kv/kh as function of facies.
Nigerian Content Development in the Oil and Gas Industry – Exploring the Spectrum of Assertive and Encouraging Modes of Implementation
Authors: Sunday Olusuyi Awe 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Application of local content policies and legislation in different aspects of the economy is driven by the desire of governments to create value addition in local economy. Significant among the benefits of the implementation of Local content requirements in the petroleum industry is the enhancement of indigenous companies' participation in the lucrative oil and gas business which used to be exclusive to few multinational companies.
Beyond this immediate benefit of indigenous companies' participation as suppliers are other numerous opportunities such as domestication of technology, development of human capital and reduction in capital flight amongst others. A review of implementation of local content policies in various oil producing countries has shown that only few countries like Norway, Brazil and Malaysia have been able to achieve the full benefits of local content development implementation in all spectrum of the business with attendant spillover effect in the economy. Some other countries like Indonesia have not been able to achieve the full benefits despite decades of implementation of local content policies in the oil and gas industry.
It is therefore critical to identify factors that made some countries to outstandingly succeed and why others have found it difficult to achieve desired result. This paper is a report of the research that was done on the evaluation of Nigeria Oil and Gas Industry Content Development (NOGICD) Act performance in the drilling sector of the petroleum industry since the draft legislation was conceived in 2001. It highlights areas of good performance and proposes strategies that will boost the realization of the full range of benefits obtainable through local content policies.
An Integrated Approach to Understanding Wellbore Stability in Faulted and Depleted Sands While Drilling Challenging XYZ Well Niger Delta
Authors: Bassey Akong , Dosunmu Adewale , Otutu Friday 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
In planning or upfront engineering of well XYZ, it was found that the geology and structure was complex with multiple sheets of over thrust faults and highly dipping beds. Some of the faults were associated with highly laminated shale intervals which was one of the major challenge recorded while drilling previous wells. Therefore, a comprehensive study was performed using several offset well data to predict instability across the three depleted sands (W4009, W5000 and W5001) that posses major challenges while drilling four previous wells. Proactive and analytical tasks were undertaken to circumvent anticipated drilling problems while drilling well XYZ in Niger Delta (some of this drilling problems ranges from major tight spots to stuck strings due to sub-optimal geomechanical evaluations). Additionally, a fault stability analysis was carried on, to ascertain the integrity of the traversed fault zones within the base of W5001 sand. In-view of wellbore and fault stability analysis, and considering offset wells drilling events, a drilling strategy was mapped taking into consideration all the risks, mitigations, and prevention of possible drilling problems with the best mudweight and trajectory design recommendation. Hence, maintaining a stable wellbore and considering the implication of in-situ stress variation, a mechanical earth model (MEM) was developed to handle all the geomechanical issues that might pose during drilling, POOH, casing running and cementing of recent XYZ well. In accessing the dangers posed while drilling through previous faulted depleted sand intervals, estimation of critical parameters that has to do with shear strength of the fault, ROP, hydraulics, pore pressures and insitu stresses at current conditions were modeled. For this reason, the faults were typically assumed as open faults during the fault stability analysis as being done by (Barton and Zoback 2000) in their previous studies.
Finally, in maintaining stability while drilling through these sands, four different tracking procedures were taken into consideration to enhance integrity while drilling, POOH, casing running and cementing. This includes; Track 1 – building a 3D mechanical earth model/fault reactivation advisor, Track 2 – accessing the frictional interplay and shear strength criteria for the sands, Track 3 – Pore pressure estimation within the healed/open faults and depleted intervals in the field, and Track 4 – safe mudweight window/wellbore stability identification.
Putting all these scenarios together helps in drilling well XYZ Niger Delta safer compared to previous wells earlier drilled within the same foothills, this helps in minimizes drilling challenges and major NPT's posed by wellbore instability.
Implementation of a Streamlined and Integrated National Gas Infrastructure Surveillance Platform: From Reserves Booking to Spatial Visualization of Gas Assets for Regulatory Monitoring Purpose
Authors: Osaretin Greg Idele 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Proactive and continuous monitoring of all aspect of gas utilization and infrastructure by each operator is critical to the task of providing appropriate regulatory oversight and custodianship of the national gas assets of a country by the regulatory body.
The justification for such monitoring ranges from the need to always keep track of the changes in the gas reserves volumes as reported by the operators while production is ongoing to the need to visualize the flow of gas to the national power stations from the different gas fields via gas pipelines.
The scale of data generated by the operator's gas operations coupled with the extent of geographically dispersed gas facilities makes manual monitoring to be impracticable.
This paper presents the system implemented for a gas regulator that automates the entire process of gas monitoring for all operators in a GIS and web enabled platform. At the base, this system provides the capability for all gas related data for all operators to be modeled and captured in a master gas data store. Gas workflows like reserves booking is then built on top of the base system. The reserve booking workflow enables the tracking of opening and closing gas reserves values due to ongoing production activities, revisions, discoveries, redeterminations, extensions, reclassifications, etc… All these information in addition to gas facilities information are then visualized in a web-based GIS interface.
Integrated Production Forecasting for Business Planning
Authors: Peter Obidike , Chima Emelle , Rene Vlaardingerbroek 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Field development planning activities depend on realistic oil and gas production forecasts which are a key input to project economics and subsequently influence business decisions. Several tools and approaches to the generation of these production forecasts exists ranging from simple spreadsheets to complex 3D reservoir models hooked up to surface network models in an integrated production system approach. In large Asset based International Oil Companies, with thousands of wells and reservoirs underpinning different projects at different stages of field development, limited resources including funding, processing and evacuation facilities, there arises a need to have an integrated company production forecast that ties the individual projects production forecasts together while honoring identified constraints and obligations such as gas contracts. This paper explains the strategy in meeting the above objective of achieving an integrated hydrocarbon production forecast to support business planning decisions.
Accessing Spelt Gene Pool to Develop Well‐Adapted Zinc‐ and Iron‐Rich Bread Wheat
Authors: Srinivasa Jayasudha , Arun Balasubramaniam , Mishra Vinod Kumar , Chand Ramesh , Sharma Deepak , Bhardwaj Subhash Chander , Joshi Arun Kumar 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTBreeding for higher Zn and Fe content in the wheat grain can be justified in the context of malnutrition. This breeding study set out to gauge the potential of crosses between spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) and bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) for enhancing the Zn and Fe content of wheat cultivars adapted to the northeastern plains zone (NEPZ) of India. BC1F8 populations were developed from two spelt × bread wheat combinations: H+ 35 × HUW 468 and H+ 15 × HUW 234. Their performance was evaluated at three locations in NEPZ. Around four genes were found to control inheritance of grain Zn concentration. Grain Zn and Fe concentration varied among the lines, as did other yield‐related traits. Significant positive correlations were recorded between the grain content of Zn, Fe, and protein, but also negative correlations between them and the important agronomic characteristics plant height, grain yield, and thousand grain weight (TGW). Some of the derived lines showed increased mineral concentration without any decrease in grain size. The best ten selections in each population were all significantly superior to their respective bread wheat parent with respect to grain Zn and Fe content as well as some of the agronomic traits, which included resistance to spot blotch, stem rust, and leaf rust.
Evaluation of Ward Management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Nemecek Branden D. , Hermayer Kathie L. , Arnold Pamela C. , Bohm Nicole M. 
Published: July 2014

IN BRIEF
Ward management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) using subcutaneous insulin in specific patient populations is safe and effective, but insulin administered by continuous infusion has not been analyzed in this setting. This retrospective cohort study utilizing a nursing-driven, continuous infusion insulin calculator demonstrated safe and effective treatment of patients with DKA on medicine wards.
Rabies in rodents and lagomorphs in the United States, 1995–2010
Authors: Fitzpatrick Jill L. , Dyer Jessie L. , Blanton Jesse D. , Kuzmin Ivan V. , Rupprecht Charles E. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Objective—To assess the epidemiology of rabies in rodents and lagomorphs and provide information that will enable public health officials to make recommendations regarding postexposure prophylaxis for humans after contact with these animals.
Design—Cross-sectional epidemiological analysis.
Sample—Rodents and lagomorphs submitted to state laboratories for rabies diagnosis from 1995 through 2010.
Procedures—Positive samples were identified by use of direct fluorescent antibody testing, typed by sequencing of viral genes, and quantified via titration in mice or cell culture.
Results—737 rabid rodents and lagomorphs were reported from 1995 through 2010, which represented a 62.3% increase, compared with the number of rabid rodents and lagomorphs reported from 1979 through 1994. The most commonly reported rodents or lagomorphs were groundhogs (Marmota monax). All animals submitted to the CDC for additional viral characterization were positive for the raccoon rabies virus variant. Infectious virus or viral RNA was detected in salivary glands or oral cavity tissues in 11 of 13 rabid rodents.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The increase in reported rabid rodents, compared with results of previous studies, appeared to be associated with spillover infections from the raccoon rabies epizootic during the first half of the study period. Analysis supported the assumption that rabies remained rare in rodents and lagomorphs. However, transmission of rabies virus via exposure to a rabid rodent or lagomorph may be possible. Given the rarity of rabies in these species, diagnostic testing and consideration of postexposure prophylaxis for humans with potential exposures should be considered on a case-by-case basis.
Iodine Disinfection of Sea Trout, Salmo Trutta (L.), Eggs and the Affect on Egg Surfaces
Authors: Zawada Adam , Polechoński Ryszard , Bronowska Anna 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The aim of the research was to investigate the impact iodine solution disinfection had on Salmo trutta (L.) egg survival rates during incubation, and to determine the effect of the disinfection procedure on egg shells using scanning microscopy. The study groups were bathed in a Desamar K30 solution at a concentration of 100 ml per 10 dm-3 for 10 m once after the eggs had hardened and four times after the eyed stage. Egg samples for scanning analyses were collected on day 30 of incubation at the eyed stage after the first bath in the iodophor solution, and then at the end of incubation. Egg surface images were analyzed for the number of bacteria, the presence of hyphae, and the egg surface area covered with sediments. No statistically significant differences were noted in embryo survival rates in the groups that were disinfected. The highest number of bacteria was observed on egg surfaces which had not been disinfected prior to hatching. A significant amount of sediment was observed on the eggs during incubation. On day 90 of incubation, all of the egg surfaces were covered with sediments. Disinfection was not noted to have had a significant impact on the presence of hyphae. Iodophor preparations can be used for routine disinfection of trout eggs; however, other means of disinfection should be applied before the eyed egg stage.
New Insights into the Anatomy of an Endemic Hladnikia Pastinacifolia Rchb.
Authors: Sajna Nina , Šuštar-Vozlič Jelka , Kaligarič Mitja 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
We studied the anatomy of a rare narrow endemic species belonging to the Slovenian flora - Hladnikia pastinacifolia Rchb. Hladnikia is a monotypic genus with distinct taxonomic position within the Apiaceae family. The anatomical characteristics revealed by light and fluorescence microscopy provided new insights regarding the pollen, leaf and root characteristics of H. pastinacifolia, improving the understanding of its biology and ecology. Pollination, drought tolerance, life cycle and unattractiveness to herbivores explain the species’ persistence in time. Autofluorescence localized bioactive substances within secretory ducts and oil ducts.
Secure Routing in Manet Using Synchronization and Data Authencity
Authors: Swathi Gundala , Saravanan R. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
In recent years synchronization plays a major issue for secure transmission in mobile adhoc networks. When an attacker modifies the time synchronization algorithm, the nodes will have faulty estimates of other nodes location, leading to chaos. While transmitting under these adverse conditions, packets might be lost or might be sent to wrong locations. Data replication and data diffusion are two methods which are used to solve the problem of data availability. In this paper we propose an algorithm for secure multi hop transmission used for external attacks.
Cross Layer Based Congestion Control in Wireless Mesh Networks
Authors: Reddy Ch. Pradeep , Krishna P. Venkata 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
A major issue that attracts the researchers in wireless mesh networks is the issue of performance of the TCP. The role of the congestion control techniques is pivotal in the development of optimal solutions. In wireless mesh networks, the efficiency of bandwidth management in the process of developing optimal solutions depends largely on the congestion control methods used. This paper explores the possibility of such mechanisms which can achieve efficient congestion control in wireless mesh networks. The method proposed is known as Cross Layer Congestion Control (CLCC) and it is developed on the basis of the concept of cross layer optimization. The main purpose of the paper is to provide an efficient bandwidth management scheme for high speed video applications through a congestion control mechanism. The performance evaluation of the proposed method of CLCC for different environments of traffic models, such as single source to single destination and multiple sources to multiple destinations, are appropriate when compared to the existing models.
A Combined Method for On-Line Signature Verification
Authors: Boyadzhieva Desislava , Gluhchev Georgi 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
A combined method for on-line signature verification is presented in this paper. Moreover, all the necessary steps in developing a signature recognition system are described: signature data pre-processing, feature extraction and selection, verification and system evaluation. NNs are used for verification. The influence of the signature forgery type (random and skilled) over the verification results is investigated as well. The experiments are carried out on SUsig database which consists of genuine and forgery signatures of 89 users. The average accuracy is 98.46%.
Adaptive Sliding Mode Control Based on a Filter for Four-Wheel Omni-Directional Mobile Robots
Authors: Chen Jianping , Wang Jianbin , Ouyang Sijie , Yang Yimin 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Since there are usually parameter uncertainties and influence of the exogenous disturbances on the dynamic model of a four-wheel omni-directional mobile robot (FOMR), the traditional strategy for motion control has not good performance. A sliding mode control based on an adaptive approach and a filter (AFSMC) is presented in this paper. First, according to identifying the reaching gain by a Radial Basis Function based neural network, and combining a filter, AFSMC can reduce the inherent impact that is produced by the normal sliding mode control. Second, the adaptive approach is applied to deal with the uncertainties and the influence of exogenous disturbances. Numerical simulations are carried out to assess the performance of the controller. All the simulation results indicate that the proposed control strategy is efficient to solve the problem.
New Circular model induced by Inverse Stereographic projection on Double Exponential Model - Application to Birds Migration Data
Authors: Girija S.V.S. , Rao A.V. Dattatreya , Yedlapalli Phani 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
This paper introduces Stereographic Double Exponential Model based on inverse Stereographic Projection or Bilinear (Mobius) Transformation, [Minh and Farnum (2003)]. onsidering the data set of 13 homing pigeons were released singly in the Toggenburg Valley in Switzerland under sub Alpine conditions (data quoted in Batschelet (1981)), it is shown that the said model is a good fit by most of the tests at various level of significance. The derivation of the characteristic function for Stereographic Double Exponential Model and its trigonometric moments are presented. Relative performance of Stereographic Logistic [Phani (2013], Wrapped Logistic [Dattatreya Rao et al (2007)] and Stereographic Double Exponential models for the live data of 13 birds is studied. Also graphs of pdf of this new Model for various combinations of the parameters are drawn.
Some Srivastava-Brafman Type Generating Relations For A General Class Of Multi-Index And Multi-Variable Gould-Hopper And Dattoli Type Hypergeometric Polynomials
Authors: Qureshi M. I. , Quraishi Kaleem A. , Pal Ram 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
In this article, we first introduce and study a new family of the multi-index and multi-variable Gould-Hopper and Dattoli type polynomials {Hn(cm, cm-1,…, c3, c2)(a1, a2, …, am} defined by (2.1), which are an extension of different types of Her-mite polynomials defined in section 1. We next consider multi-variable linear, bilinear and bilateral generating relations of the newly defined hypergeometric polynomials, using series iteration techniques. Further, we generalize these generating relations in the forms of multiple series identities involving bounded multiple sequences, Fox-Wright hypergeometric function and Srivastava-Daoust multi-variable hypergeometric function.