bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological Study on Morphological Subtypes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single Tertiary Referral Center Experience
Authors: Saler C. H. A. , Shuai S. , Beckervordersandforth J. C. , Rennspiess D. , Roemen G. , Gevers T. , Stoehr‐Kleinegris M. C. F. , Bouwense S. A. W. , Dewulf M. J. L. , Coolsen M. M. E. , Bemelmans M. H. A. , Damink S. W. Olde , Winnepenninckx V. , Hausen A. zur , Kramer M. , Samarska I. V. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimWe aimed to analyze hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) morphological subtypes characterized according to the WHO classification and the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR) recommendations, and their prognostic features in a Dutch population.Methods and ResultsThis retrospective study in a tertiary referral center included the histopathological revision of 62 HCC resection specimens, obtained from 22 female and 40 male patients (median age: 67 years), in a period between 2011 and 2021 at the Maastricht University Medical Center +. Clinical data, morphological subtypes, growth pattern (GP), tumor grade, tumor extension, margins, and vascular and perineural invasion were collected. Eighteen cases were assigned a specific morphologic subtype and steatohepatic HCC was the most common in our cohort. Twenty‐one tumors classified as conventional type HCC (HCC‐NOS), commonly exhibiting two concurrent GPs. Twenty‐three cases revealed a heterogeneous morphologic differentiation, compromising the combination of HCC‐NOS with another morphologic subtype, most frequently a steatohepatitic component. Comparison of HCC‐NOS and HCC with heterogeneous morphology did not show significant differences in the main clinicopathological characteristics and survival.ConclusionAlthough the most common morphologic subtype was steatohepatitic HCC, the majority of cases demonstrated multiple morphologic patterns. In case of HCC‐NOS, heterogeneous GPs were often observed. Therefore, a histomorphological diagnosis based on a single tumor biopsy specimen may lead to incorrect classification of HCC. Sufficient tumor sampling of HCC resection specimens is required for the complete evaluation of all histomorphological features followed by correct subclassification in order to meet the clinical needs regarding prognostic relevance and patient follow‐up.
Optimized Design of Three‐Phase EMI Filter for Electric Vehicle Onboard Charging System
Authors: Zhou Kai , Jiang Yuhan , Xu Zhipeng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe onboard charging system of electric vehicles operates with high voltage, high current, and high‐frequency switching components, which generates electromagnetic interference that not only affects the operating characteristics of other electronic devices in the vehicle but also directly affects the driving safety of the vehicle in serious cases. To address the electromagnetic compatibility of the electric vehicle onboard charging system, considering the influence of high‐frequency oscillations of wide‐bandwidth semiconductor devices, analyzing the rules for layout and wiring of three‐phase EMI filter utilizing the finite element method, proposed parasitic inductance mutual cancellation technique, two circuit design methods applying parasitic inductance mutual cancellation techniques have been investigated, enabling optimization of three‐phase EMI filter. Application of a three‐phase EMI filter applying parasitic inductance mutual cancellation technique to an onboard charging system and comparing the performance with that of traditional EMI filter, the experimental results show that the proposed three‐phase EMI filter is more effective in filtering out high‐frequency noise.
High Microsatellite but No Mitochondrial DNA Variation in an Invasive Japanese Mainland Population of the Parasitoid Wasp Melittobia sosui
Authors: Abe Jun , Takahashi Jun‐ichi , Tsuchida Koji 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTInvasive populations are predicted to have reduced genetic diversity due to bottleneck events. The parasitoid wasp Melittobia sosui was previously identified only in the subtropical area of the southern Japanese islands and Taiwan but was recently found in the temperate area of the Japanese mainland. The distribution of this species may have recently expanded northward due to factors such as climatic events and global warming. The population genetics of both the native and invasive regions were investigated using mitochondrial and nuclear microsatellite DNA. As expected, mitochondrial variation was observed in the native region but not in the invasive region, which had only one haplotype. However, the two regions exhibited similar levels of microsatellite variation, and an average of 43% and 38% of alleles were uniquely found in the native and invasive populations, respectively. The difference in genetic variation between mitochondrial and microsatellite DNA in the invasive populations may be explained by the faster mutation rate of microsatellites, as well as the population structure of Melittobia, in which the subdivision into small inbreeding lineages may facilitate the accumulation of mutations. The high proportion of private alleles suggests that the mainland population diverged from the native populations at least 100 years ago, ruling out the possibility that the mainland population was established recently. The present study suggests that M. sosui might have already existed on the mainland but at a low frequency or that the mainland population was derived from a ghost population that diverged from the native populations more than 100 years ago.
Functionalization of a Rhodamine‐B based chemosensor onto surfaces of Fe3O4, SBA‐15 and H2Ti3O7 support substrates for selective Fe3+ ion detection
Authors: Mallick Debajani , Chatterjee Sriparna , Mohapatra Mamata , Bag Bamaprasad 
Published: February 2025

The major challenges in the chemosensing approach are the development of analytically uncomplicated and cost‐effective method for the selective and sensitive detection of metal ions in the aqueous medium. Rhodamine derivatives have proven as efficient and effective chemosensory probes for selective and sensitive detection of different metal ions in the solution phase, predominantly in aqueous‐organic medium, where the interaction of the probe and metal ion translated on signalling module expressed through dual mode photophysical output. A rhodamine‐B‐based probe 2, incorporated with 3‐nitrobenzaldehyde coupled (2‐aminoethyl)‐piperazinyl receptor, was developed to exhibit selective and sensitive detection of Fe+3 ions in aqueous‐ethanol medium. The probe also exhibited similar photophysical output responses in the selective presence of Fe3+ ion on immobilization onto surfaces of silica‐coated magnetite, SBA‐15 and hydrogen titanate appended through amino‐propyl‐ silane linker. Apart from retaining the selectivity towards Fe3+ ions, these surface‐functionalized inorganic support materials (3, 4, and 5) executed the signalling action in aqueous medium, enhancing their scope as efficient chemosensors in selective Fe3+ ion detection for practical application. The effect of probe immobilization on the metal ion‐induced photophysical signalling behaviour in these hybrid materials was evaluated for establishing a structure‐function correlation in their selective Fe3+ ion detection in aqueous suspension.
In Vitro Digestion of High‐Fat Commercial Dairy Products: Detailed Analysis of Lipid Classes
Authors: Stork Eirin , Ekeberg Dag , Devle Hanne M. , Jonsson Einar , Ruud Lene , Devold Tove , Skeie Siv 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to comprehensively analyze lipid classes after in vitro digestion of high‐fat commercial dairy products. The research focused on the fatty acid (FA) profiles of triacylglycerols, diacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols (MAG), free FA (FFA), and polar lipids of digested full‐fat cream, full‐fat sour cream, cream cheese, and a Gouda‐type cheese. We employed the INFOGEST 2.0 digestion model. The isolated lipids were fractionated by solid‐phase extraction, and the FA profile of each fraction was analyzed using GC–MS. The digested dairy products revealed similar results for the relative amounts of the analyzed lipid classes. However, the cream digest had a significantly lower amount of MAG than the other products. Furthermore, the proportion of individual FAs and FA groups in the lipid classes was found to vary significantly between the digested dairy products. The replicates of cream cheese and sour cream showed a homogenous lipid digestion, whereas the lipid classes after digestion of cream and the Gouda‐type cheese were more diverse. This could be due to differences in product pH and protein and calcium content.Practical Applications: The findings of our study indicate the importance of considering lipid classes other than FFA, as well as the FA composition of these, when studying the lipid digestion of different dairy products. This is especially true for MAG, which is absorbed in the intestine along with FFA. The observed differences in the lipid profile of the digested dairy matrices explored in our study demonstrate that product pH, homogenization, texture, and calcium and protein content could impact lipid bioaccessibility, which could potentially have physiological implications. These factors should, therefore, be assessed in relation to lipid digestion.
Associations Between Match‐Play Characteristics and Environmental Temperatures in 4 Professional Football Leagues
Authors: Schwarz Edgar , Duffield Rob , Novak Andrew Roman , Compton Dennis Alan , Meyer Tim 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the association between environmental temperature and match‐play characteristics (shooting, passing, dribbling and defending) in four professional football leagues. Twenty‐seven performance indicators (PI's) were collated from 1585 matches from the German Bundesliga 1 and 2, Spanish La Liga and Australian A‐League. Environmental data were obtained for dry‐bulb temperature (T) and wet‐bulb globe temperature (WBGT) retrospectively from public sources. For each league, linear regressions were used to determine relationships between PI's and T and WBGT and linear mixed models were used to determine those associations across all four leagues. Individual leagues showed varying associations between a collection of PI's and environmental measures. When combining the four leagues' match data, 8 of the 17 investigated parameters were associated with T and WBGT (p < 0.002). Passes, especially short passes, were reduced in higher T (−2.3 [−3.1 to −1.5] and p < 0.001) and WBGT (−3.1 [−4.0 to −2.1] and p < 0.001), alongside an increase in the success rate of passes (0.06 [0.02–0.09] and p ≤ 0.001). The number of passes into the opponent's final third was reduced for both T (−0.18 [−0.25 to −0.05] and p = 0.001) and WBGT (−0.17 [−0.28 to−0.05] and p = 0.002), but the number of key passes leading to a shot or goal was not associated with T or WBGT (p ≥ 0.67). The number of touches, take‐ons and turnovers were reduced in higher T and WBGT (all p < 0.001). Accordingly, in higher heat stress, match actions, especially those performed at high volumes, are reduced. Therefore, teams should expect a possibly altered match play and may consider adapting tactical or heat‐mitigating strategies to counter these effects.
Effects of Root Extract of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on Perception of Recovery and Muscle Strength in Female Athletes
Authors: Coope Olivia C. , Reales Salguero Andrea , Spurr Tilly , Páez Calvente Andrea , Domenech Farre Aina , Jordán Fisas Enrique , Lloyd Beth , Gooderick Julie , Abad Sangrà Maria , Roman‐Viñas Blanca 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAshwagandha is a supplement with the potential to improve exercise performance. However, research on its impact on female athletes remains limited. This study investigates the effects of ashwagandha on exercise recovery and muscle strength in professional female athletes, addressing a gap in understanding its role in this underrepresented population. Female footballers were randomly assigned to a 600 mg/day ashwagandha root extract group (ASH, n = 15; age: 26.0 ± 4.9 years, height: 1.66 ± 0.1 m, body mass: 61.5 ± 7.5 kg, and career: 15.2 ± 7.4 years) or a placebo group (PLA, n = 15; age: 23.5 ± 5.5 years, height: 1.66 ± 0.1 m, body mass: 61.5 ± 6.0 kg, and career: 13.1 ± 4.9 years). Recovery was assessed with total quality recovery (TQR), Hooper Index (HI) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE). Strength was assessed by hand grip, medicine ball throw (MBT), countermovement jump (CMJ) and peak power. Dietary intake was recorded prior to baseline measurements. Repeated measures ANOVA, Bonferroni test, independent t‐tests and ANCOVA were used in the analysis. A significant group × time interaction effect was found for TQR (p = 0.026), with the post‐hoc analysis revealing a significant difference between ASH and PLA at 28 days (p = 0.039). Perceived sleep quality from HI improved significantly in ASH compared to PLA (p = 0.038), with a significant change at 14 days. The ANCOVA analysis highlighted the significant influence of carbohydrate intake on hand grip strength (p = 0.005), MBT (p < 0.001) and body mass (p < 0.001). A dosage of 600 mg of ashwagandha root extract for 28 days may improve TQR and enhance perceived sleep quality in female footballers. Future research should investigate the optimal dosage and test across a broader range of athletic populations.Trials Registration: The trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with the ID NCT06264986
Sex Differences in Grip Strength From Birth to Age 16: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Nuzzo James L. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn 1985, Thomas and French published results of a meta‐analysis that examined sex differences in grip strength in children 5 years of age and older. Their analysis included results from only four studies, and no update has been published. The purpose of the current study was to use meta‐analysis to examine sex differences in grip strength from birth to age 16. The analysis included 808 effects from 169 studies conducted in 45 countries between 1961 and 2023. The total sample was 353,676 (178,588 boys, 175,088 girls). From birth to 16 years of age, grip strength was consistently greater in boys than girls. Between 3 and 10 years old, the effect size was small‐to‐moderate, with female grip strength equaling 90% of male grip strength (Hedges g = 0.33–0.46). At age 11, the effect size decreased slightly, likely due to girls reaching puberty before boys (g = 0.29, 95% confidence intervals (CI) [0.22, 0.35]). At age 13, the effect size increased markedly likely due to male puberty (g = 0.63, 95% CIs [0.55, 0.70]). By age 16, the sex difference in grip strength was substantial, with female grip strength equaling 65% of male grip strength (g = 2.07, 95% CIs [1.86, 2.27]). Secondary analyses revealed that the sex difference in grip strength is broadly similar between countries and has been mostly stable since the 1960s, except for a narrowing of the difference among 5–10‐year‐olds after 2010. Various biological factors explain why, on average, boys are stronger than girls from birth onward.
Towards Secure and Efficient Data Aggregation in Blockchain‐Driven IoT Environments: A Comprehensive and Systematic Study
Authors: Tong Xujun , Hamzei Marzieh , Jafari Nima 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe rapid evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized various sectors, fostering seamless intercommunication and real‐time monitoring. Central to this transformation is integrating blockchain technology, which ensures data integrity and security in IoT networks. This paper provides a meticulous exploration of data aggregation techniques within the context of blockchain‐based IoT systems. The study categorizes data aggregation algorithms into Privacy‐Preserving, Machine Learning‐Based, Hierarchical, Real‐Time, and Custom Aggregation Algorithms, each tailored to specific IoT requirements. Privacy‐Preserving Aggregation Algorithms focus on safeguarding sensitive data through encryption and secure protocols. Machine Learning‐Based Aggregation adapts dynamically to data patterns, offering predictive insights and real‐time adaptability. Hierarchical Aggregation organizes devices into a structured hierarchy, optimizing data processing. Real‐Time Aggregation processes data instantly, ensuring low latency for time‐sensitive applications. Custom Aggregation Algorithms are bespoke solutions tailored to unique application demands, emphasizing efficiency and security. Through a comparative analysis of these techniques, this paper explores their advantages, disadvantages, and applicability, addressing the challenges and suggesting future research directions. The integration of blockchain‐based data aggregation techniques not only enhances IoT network efficiency but also ensures the longevity and security of modern technological infrastructures. This study builds upon prior research in the field of IoT and blockchain technology by extending the exploration of data aggregation techniques and their implications for network efficiency and security. SLR method has been used to investigate each one in terms of influential properties such as the main idea, advantages, disadvantages, and strategies. The results indicate most of the articles were published in 2021 and 2022. Moreover, some important parameters such as privacy and security, latency, data processing, energy consumption, complexity, and reliability were involved in these investigations.
Wireless mmWave Communication in 5G Network Slicing With Routing Model Based on IoT and Deep Learning Model
Authors: Suganya R. , Sujithra L. R. , Ayyasamy Ramesh Kumar , Chinnasamy P. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn fifth‐generation (5G) radio access networks (RANs), network slicing makes it possible to serve large amounts of network traffic while meeting a variety of demanding quality of service (QoS) standards. Higher path loss and sparser multipath components (MPCs) are the primary distinctions, which lead to more notable time‐varying characteristics in mmWave channels. Using statistical models, such as slope‐intercept methods for path loss for delay spread and angular spread, is challenging to characterize the time‐varying properties of mmWave channels. Therefore, adopting mmWave communication systems requires highly accurate channel modeling and prediction. This research proposes a novel technique in wireless mmWave communication 5G network slicing and routing protocol using IoT (Internet of things) and deep learning techniques. An adaptive software‐defined reinforcement recurrent autoencoder model (ASDRRAE) slices the mmWave communication network. A dilated clustering‐based adversarial backpropagation model (DCAB) then performs network routing. The experimental analysis evaluates throughput, packet delivery ratio, latency, training accuracy, and precision. The suggested hybrid model has a 97.21% overall recognition rate, illustrating that the suggested strategy is aptly applicable. A 10‐fold stratified cross‐validation is employed to evaluate the suitability of the proposed method.
Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid Nanofiber Films Reinforced by Modified Cellulose Nanocrystals
Authors: Zhu Chaoqiao , Tian Ming , Zhang Dequan , Yang Qingfeng , Wang Debao , Fan Simin , Li Xin , Yang Wei , Hou Chengli 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this study, the surface of cellulose nanocrystals was first modified with citric acid, and the resultant modified cellulose nanocrystals (MCNC) were subsequently utilized as a reinforcement phase for polylactic acid (PLA). Findings indicated that MCNC interacted with PLA through hydrogen bonding, resulting in improved thermal stability, mechanical properties, and surface hydrophobicity of PLA nanofiber films. Specifically, the thermal degradation temperature, tensile strength, elongation at break, and contact angle of the nanofiber films increased by 19°C, 30.04%, 49.11%, and 11.22°, respectively, with a 3% addition of MCNC. Subsequently, utilizing PLA/MCNC as the base material and kaempferol as the active ingredient, a preliminary exploration into its potential as an active packaging material was carried out. When the addition amount of kaempferol was 10%, the DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging ability of the nanofiber film reached more than 90%, demonstrating its application potential as an active packaging material. These results offer a promising strategy for the effective dispersion of CNC within PLA matrices, thereby expanding the potential applications of PLA in the field of active packaging.
Trading VIX on Volatility Forecasts: Another Volatility Puzzle?
Authors: Degiannakis Stavros , Delis Panagiotis , Filis George , Giannopoulos George 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study evaluates the economic usefulness of stock market implied volatility forecasts, based on their ability to improve the short‐run trading decision‐making process. The current literature aligns the forecast horizon with the frequency of the trading decision in order to evaluate different forecasting frameworks. By contrast, the premise of our paper is that these should not be necessarily related, but rather the evaluation should be based on the actual needs of the end‐user. Thus, we evaluate whether the multiple days ahead stock market volatility forecasts vis‐à‐vis the 1‐day ahead forecasts can improve the 1‐day ahead trading profits from VIX and the S&P500 futures. Our results suggest that indeed the 1‐day ahead trading profits are significantly improved when the trading decisions are based on longer term volatility forecasts. More specifically, the highest trading gains are obtained when using the 22‐day ahead forecasts. The results hold true for both VIX and S&P500 futures day‐ahead trading. Although there is no theoretical background regarding the fact that forecasting and trading horizons should not be aligned, we strongly motivate this potential issue, both from the statistical and financial points of view.
Forecasting the Confirmed COVID‐19 Cases Using Modal Regression
Authors: Jing Xin , Cho Jin Seo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study utilizes modal regression to forecast the cumulative confirmed COVID‐19 cases in Canada, Japan, South Korea, and the United States. The objective is to improve the accuracy of the forecasts compared to standard mean and median regressions. To evaluate the performance of the forecasts, we conduct simulations and introduce a metric called the coverage quantile function (CQF), which is optimized using modal regression. By applying modal regression to popular time‐series models for COVID‐19 data, we provide empirical evidence that the forecasts generated by the modal regression outperform those produced by the mean and median regressions in terms of the CQF. This finding addresses the limitations of the mean and median regression forecasts.