bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Involvement of the vanilloid receptor 1 in the mechanisms of analgesic effect of amizonum
Authors: Yadlovskyi Oleh , Bukhtiarova Tatiana , Bobkova Lyudmila , Tatianshenko Irina , Monchak Igor , Khayrulin Andrew 
Published: March 2014

SUMMARY
The study of features of pharmacodynamics of a new analgesic is an important and urgent task of modern pharmacology. These data allow us to clarify the nosology for application of an analgesic and to create a theoretical background to optimize its use. An effect mediated by the transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1 (TRPV1) activation can also be an effective mechanism of the analgesic action. We evaluated the possibility of TRPV1 participation in implementation of the analgesic effect with the antiviral action of amizonum during the experiment. It is known that amino acids Tyr511 and Ser512 are the main components of the active site of TRPV1. In this connection, dipeptide Tyr-Ser has been completely synthesized as a model of the active site of TRPV1. In the experiment model this was shown, using the spectrophotometric method, with the formation of the “capsaicin - Tyr- Ser” intermolecular complex at the level of the stability constant Kkor=0.998 and Kr=0.3•10-4 L/mol and the “amizonum - Tyr-Ser” weak intermolecular complex Kr=0.05•104 L/mol; Kkor= 0.995, respectively. The data verification was carried out in experiments in vitro (isolated ratportal vein) and in vivo (Tail-flick model), with the TRPV1 agonist. It was shown that the amplitude of smooth muscle (SM) contraction of the portal vein at a capsaicin concentration 0.1 μmol/L, 0.5 μmol/L capsazepine, and 1.0 μmol/L amizonum was +30.3±5.3%, -3.2± 2.7% and +7.1±3.2% from initial level, respectivelly. In a combined application of amizonum with capsaicin or capsazepine, the amplitude of contraction of the SM portal vein was 20.1± 1.3% and -3.0±1.4%, respectively. This indicates the absence of action of amizonum under combined use of capsaicinoids. The Tail-flick model showed atypical potentiation of the amizonum antinociception with the use of capsaicin. The obtained data suggest the low probability of the participation of TRPV1 in the implementation of the antinociceptive action of amizonum.
Ultrastructure of adhesive bond of composite to dentin
Authors: Dačić Stefan , Mitić Aleksandar , Popović Jelena , Simonović Dačić Dragica , Igić Marko 
Published: March 2014

SUMMARY
Ultrastructure of adhesive bond is a significant indicator of the efficiency of the bond between material and dental tissue. Bonding between composite and hard dental tissue is also most commonly assessed by measuring bonding strength or by absence of marginal gap along restoration interface.
The aim of this investigation was to estimate ultrastructural features of the bond between composite materials and dentin after using two adhesive techniques.
Twenty Class V cavities on extracted teeth were prepared and restored for scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis of composite bonding to dentin. Adhesion was achieved by Adper Single Bond 2-ASB/3M ESPE or by Adper Easy One-AEO/3M ESPE. Photopolymerization of adhesives and composite material Filtek Ultimate FU/3M ESPE was performed using halogen light (Elipar Highlight 3M ESPE). After vertical sections through crown of teeth and composite restorations, surfaces of sections were treated with 37% phosphoric acid-60s and 2% NaOH-60s to remove the smear layer and obtain a better view of adhesive bond.
SEM analysis of adhesive bond showed better micromorphological bonding of composite to dentin after etch and rinse adhesive technique (ASB/FU matherials) than after self-etch technique (AEO/FU materials). In etch and rinse technique, the ultrastructure of adhesive bond to dentin was composed of adhesive and hybrid layers, with resin processes in dentinal canals. In self-etch technique, apart from adhesive and hybrid layers, resin processes were rare or were not observed at all. Better ultastructural bonding of composite restoration to dentin was obtained with etch and rinse adhesive technique.
Effect of child's cerebral palsy on the mother: a case control study in Ahvaz, Iran
Authors: Borzoo Samira , Nickbakht Mansoureh , Jalalian Mehrdad 
Published: March 2014

SUMMARY
Quality of life (QOL) in families can be affected when a child has cerebral palsy (CP). The aim of this research was to determine the effect of a child’s disability on the mother’s quality of life by comparing mothers of children with CP and mothers of normal children. Two sample groups were chosen from a total of 42 mothers to answer a short-form health survey (SF-36) questionnaire. The first group included 21 mothers of children with cerebral palsy who were referred to the speech therapy clinic of Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in Ahvaz. The second group consisted of 21 mothers of normal children living in Ahvaz. T-tests by SPSS were used for statistical analysis. There were significant differences in all domains of QOL between mothers of healthy children and mothers of children with cerebral palsy (p=0.001). This research found that the quality of life of mothers of children with CP was significantly different compared to mothers of healthy children. Therefore, appropriate planning is necessary to improve their quality of life in different domains.
On attaining the prescribed quality of a controlled fourth order system
Authors: Kapustyan Vladimir , Maksimov Vyacheslav 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
In this paper, we discuss a method of auxiliary controlled models and its application to solving some robust control problems for a system described by differential equations. As an illustration, a system of nonlinear differential equations of the fourth order is used. A solution algorithm, which is stable with respect to informational noise and computational errors, is presented. The algorithm is based on a combination of online state/input reconstruction and feedback control methods.
A new lightweight method for security risk assessment based on fuzzy cognitive maps
Authors: Szwed Piotr , Skrzyński Paweł 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
For contemporary software systems, security is considered to be a key quality factor and the analysis of IT security risk becomes an indispensable stage during software deployment. However, performing risk assessment according to methodologies and standards issued for the public sector or large institutions can be too costly and time consuming. Current business practice tends to circumvent risk assessment by defining sets of standard safeguards and applying them to all developed systems. This leads to a substantial gap: threats are not re-evaluated for particular systems and the selection of security functions is not based on risk models. This paper discusses a new lightweight risk assessment method aimed at filling this gap. In this proposal, Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) are used to capture dependencies between assets, and FCM-based reasoning is performed to calculate risks. An application of the method is studied using an example of an e-health system providing remote telemonitoring, data storage and teleconsultation services. Lessons learned indicate that the proposed method is an efficient and low-cost approach, giving instantaneous feedback and enabling reasoning on the effectiveness of the security system.
Comparative Analysis of Nutrient Digestibility and Nitrogen Retention in Wild and Farmed Canids
Authors: Gugołek Andrzej , Strychalski Janusz , Konstantynowicz Małgorzata , Zwoliński Cezary 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study, conducted in November 2012, was to determine whether farming of common foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) leads to changes in nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention in comparison with their wild counterparts. Wild and farmed animals were compared within and between species. Each group consisted of five males and five females aged around eight months. Farmed silver foxes - a variety of the common red fox (group FSF) and farmed raccoon dogs (group FRD) were purchased from a breeding farm in southeastern Poland. Wild red foxes (group WRF) and wild raccoon dogs (group WRD) were trapped in the hunting grounds of the Polish Hunting Association (Olsztyn Division). The animals were placed in metabolism cages. The coefficients of nutrient and energy digestibility, and daily nitrogen balance and retention values were compared between groups. Farmed animals tended to have higher digestibility coefficients than their wild counterparts. No significant differences were noted within species. The coefficients of dry matter (P≤0.01), organic matter (P≤0.05, P≤0.05) and protein (only FSF vs. WRD - P≤0.05) digestibility were higher in foxes. Raccoon dogs were characterized by higher digestibility of carbohydrates - N-free extracts (P≤0.01). Nitrogen retention was higher in farmed animals. The highest and lowest levels of retained nitrogen were observed in groups FSF and WRD, respectively
Prediction of the Carcass Value of Young Holstein-Friesian Bulls Based on Live Body Measurements
Authors: Pogorzelska-Przybyłek Paulina , Nogalski Zenon , Wielgosz-Groth Zofia , Winarski Rafał , Sobczuk-Szul Monika , Łapińska Patrycja , Purwin Cezary 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the suitability of ultrasound and zoometric measurements and visual muscle scoring for predicting the carcass value of 167 young Holstein-Friesian (HF) bulls. Zoometric and ultrasound measurements were performed and live muscle scoring was estimated before slaughter. After slaughter, hot carcass weight (HCW) was determined and carcasses were assigned to conformation and fat classes according to the EUROP system. Multiple regression equations were derived to estimate the weight, conformation and fatness of carcasses. HCW was estimated using the following equations: Ŷ = 1.507x1 + 1.103x2 + 4.043x3 + 5.53x4 + 0.379x5 + + 8.076x6 - 678.93 (R2=0.892; Sy = 16.28) and Ŷ = 2.525x4 + 0.579x7 + 0.451x8 - 134.17 (R2=0.943; Sy = 11.84); independent variables x1 - height at sacrum (cm); x2 - chest girth (cm); x3 - pelvic width (cm); x4 - pelvic length (cm); x5 - thickness of M. gluteo-biceps (mm); x6 - intravital muscle scoring (points); x7 - thickness of M. longissimus dorsi (mm); x8 - live weight (kg). Validation of the first regression equation revealed overestimation of HCW by 1.25% on average, while validation of the second equation revealed its underestimation by 1.85% on average. It was found that intravital muscle scoring and selected ultrasound and zoometric measurements of HF bulls can be used in formulating regression equations for predicting the carcass value of live animals. The proposed models enable predicting the carcass value of young bulls with satisfactory accuracy, thus contributing to an objective live beef cattle assessment
Normalization of Showjumping Competition’s Results
Authors: Schubertová Zuzana , Candrák Juraj 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to verify the newly proposed transformation of penalty points and ranking of showjumping horses for the purpose of genetic evaluation. Genomic information in the transformation of input data was used as well. Data of showjumping competition Global Champions Tour was used. Profit of penalty points was transformed to normally distributed variable using Blom formula (height of obstacles and height of obstacles with single nucleotide polymorphism - SNP effect taken into account). Non-normal distribution was obtained. The rankings of sport horses in competitions were transformed using the Blom formula (height of obstacles taken into account) to normal distribution (tests of normality Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test Pr>D, D 0.011, P>0.150, Cramer-von Mises (CM) test Pr>W-Sq, W-Sq 0.039, P>0.250, Anderson-Darling test (AD) Pr>A-Sq, A-Sq 0.638, P<0.097). Better distributed variable ranking transformed by Blom formula (height of obstacles and SNP effect taken into account) was obtained (KS test Pr>D, D 0.004, P>0.150, CM test Pr>W-Sq, W-Sq 0.004, P>0.250, AD test Pr>A-Sq, A-Sq 0.062, P>0.250). Model where all used fixed effects to equation were applied without any combination of the effects was tested, R2 0.54. Variable ranking was transformed to normal score by Blom formula (height of obstacles was taken into account). In the following model some effects were taken into account in the form of quadratic regression, R2 0.61. Variable ranking was transformed to normal score, the same as in previous model. In the last model we transformed variable ranking to normal score by Blom formula, taking into account height of obstacles and SNP effect. Same effects as in previous model were used, R2 0.60
GNSS positioning algorithms using methods of reference point indicators
Authors: Oszczak Bartlomiej 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT
The GNSS standard positioning solution determines the coordinates of the GNSS receiver and the receiver clock offset from measurements of at least four pseudoranges. For GNSS positioning, a direct solution was derived for five and ten observed satellites without linearisation of the observation equations and application of the least squares method. The article presents the basic principles of methods for solving the positioning problem, the formulas and their derivation. The numerical examples with simulated pseudorange data confirm the correct performance of the proposed algorithm. The presented algorithms should be further tested with real measurements in other domains of positioning and navigation as well.
Urban area GPS positioning accuracy using ASG-EUPOS POZGEO service as a function of session duration
Authors: Dawidowicz Karol , Krzan Grzegorz , Świątek Krzysztof 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT
GNSS observations carried out in a network of Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS) are a complex systems which offer post-processing as well as corrections sent in realtime. In Poland, such a system has been in operation since June 2008, known as the Polish Active Geodetic Network (ASG-EUPOS).
Usually the measurements performed in real time characterized lower accuracy than static measurements. For users who demand the highest precision results the post-processing services are provided.
The paper presents an analysis of the position determination accuracy using ASG-EUPOS POZGEO service. It is well known that the final accuracy is e.g. the measuring conditions, time of observations or number of measured frequencies dependent. We processed 4 consecutive days of GPS data to determine how the accuracy of derived positional coordinates depends on the length of the observing session, the characteristics of horizon visibility on points and the used in post-processing observations (L1 or L1+L2). The POZGEO results show that horizontal accuracies of about 1-2 cm and vertical accuracies of 4 cm are achievable provided 0.5 hours dual frequency GPS data. The accuracy clearly decreases for point measured under conditions of strongly limited satellite availability
Influence of temperature on synthetic data-based calibration models for low resolution open-path FTIR spectroscopy
Authors: Cięszczyk S. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
This article presents the problem of determining the gas concentration under conditions of changing temperatures. The solution to this problem is based on spectral measurements using chemometric models. Such problems arise when measuring gases during various industrial processes, mainly the pyrolysis process. Chemometric models are built using synthetic calibration data. Line-by-line and statistical models were applied for spectra modelling. The effect of temperature on extracting the gas concentration from spectra of various resolutions was determined. Next, the global model was built and tested using calibration data for specific temperature ranges. The properties of the linear and nonlinear partial least-squares (PLS) models that were applied to the considered issues were demonstrated. CO and CH4 were used as example gases.
The preliminary studies of a structure and electrospinning of new polyurethanes based on synthetic atactic poly[(R, S)-3-hydroxybutyrate]
Authors: Sajkiewicz P. , Brzeska J. , Denis P. , Sikorska W. , Kowalczuk M. , Rutkowska M. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Novel polyurethanes based on synthetic, atactic poly[(R, S)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (a-PHB) and polycaprolactone (PCL) or polyoxytetramethylene (PTMG) diols were synthesized. It was shown that the presence of a-PHB within soft segments reduces crystallinity of PUR. Because of the low melting temperature for polyurethanes with PCL in soft segments, at this stage of work, electrospinning was limited to polyurethanes containing PTMG and a-PHB. Polyurethane containing 80% of PTMG and 20% of a-PHB was electrospun at various parameters from hexafluoro-2-propanole solution, resulting in formation of fibers with the average diameter ca. 2 μm. The fiber diameter decreased with decreasing polymer concentration in a solution and was practically insensitive to the needle-collector distance in the applied range of distances.
Graph based discrete optimization in structural dynamics
Authors: Blachowski B. , Gutkowski W. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
In this study, a relatively simple method of discrete structural optimization with dynamic loads is presented. It is based on a tree graph, representing discrete values of the structural weight. In practical design, the number of such values may be very large. This is because they are equal to the combination numbers, arising from numbers of structural members and prefabricated elements. The starting point of the method is the weight obtained from continuous optimization, which is assumed to be the lower bound of all possible discrete weights. Applying the graph, it is possible to find a set of weights close to the continuous solution. The smallest of these values, fulfilling constraints, is assumed to be the discrete minimum weight solution. Constraints can be imposed on stresses, displacements and accelerations. The short outline of the method is presented in Sec. 2. The idea of discrete structural optimization by means of graphs. The knowledge needed to apply the method is limited to the FEM and graph representation.
The paper is illustrated with two examples. The first one deals with a transmission tower subjected to stochastic wind loading. The second one with a composite floor subjected to deterministic dynamic forces, coming from the synchronized crowd activities, like dance or aerobic.
A mixed integer program for cyclic scheduling of flexible flow lines
Authors: Sawik T. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
A new mixed integer programming formulation is presented for cyclic scheduling in flow lines with parallel machines and finite in-process buffers, where a Minimal Part Set (MPS) in the same proportion as the overall production target is repetitively scheduled. The cycle of parts in an MPS is not determined a priori, but is obtained along with the optimal schedule for all parts. In addition to the cyclic scheduling, a cyclic-batch scheduling mode is introduced, where within the MPS the parts of one type are processed consecutively. Numerical examples are included and some results of computational experiments are reported.
Experimental and numerical study of influence of incidence angle of shock wave created by explosive charge on the steel plate
Authors: Barnat W. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
This paper presents experimental and numerical studies on influence of an incidence angle of the shock wave on a steel plate. The problem of interaction between the wave front and a barrier is important from the point of view of protection the crew of armored vehicles. One way of remedying the harmful effects of impacts of the shock wave is the reflection wave of the barrier set at an angle to the face of the wave. The article presents the numerical and experimental approach to the subject. The numerical part presents four models in which the plate was set at angles 0◦, 15◦, 30◦, 45◦. In each case, the plate was loaded by a wave formed after the explosion 2 kg of TNT. In the experimental part the results are presented from an experiment in which the wave was formed from 2 kg TNT detonation at a distance of 0.4 m in parallel to the steel plate.
Isolation and identification of Mycoplasma mycoides cluster strains from goats in Chongqing, China
Authors: Wang Haoju , Ni Li , Yang Hongjun , Xu Limin , Ma Ning , Ding Honglei 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
In order to evaluate the prevalence of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster in goats in Chongqing, China, an epidemiological survey in this area was carried out. A total of 68 samples were subjected to bacteria isolation on Hartley’s medium. Four isolates (three from lung tissue and one from nasal discharges) were recovered from the samples and identified as the Mycoplasma species by their morphological and biochemical characteristics. They were further confirmed by PCR using 16S rRNA specific primer pairs and by restriction enzyme analysis. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates indicated that some strains had developed resistance to the antibiotics tested. This is the first report on the isolation, identification, and molecular characterisation of Mycoplasma species isolated from goats in Chongqing. This study also revealed a prevalence of Mycoplasma species infection in goats in this area.
Characterisation of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus aureus – like strains isolated from table eggs
Authors: Pyzik Ewelina , Marek Agnieszka , Hauschild Tomasz 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study was to provide a detailed phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of Staphylococcus aureus strains and the group of microorganisms with unusual biochemical patterns (called Staphylococcus aureus-like) isolated from table chicken eggs. All of the strains tested exhibited resistance to at least one of the 17 antibiotics tested, and 55.55% of isolates were found to be resistant to five or more of them. PCR used for detection of the methicillin resistance gene (mecA) confirmed the presence of a specific product of 533 bp in the case of two of the isolated S. aureus-like strains. Analysis of the phylogenetic relationship between eight of S. aureus and ten S. aureus-like strains distinguished 18 macrorestriction profiles following digestion with SmaI endonuclease, indicating that there were no identical strains with the same macrorestriction profile. However, the presence of methicillin-resistant strains indicates a serious risk to consumer health.
Screening method for the determination of selected tetracyclines in water by liquid chromatography with diode array detector
Authors: Patyra Ewelina , Kowalczyk Ewelina , Kwiatek Krzysztof 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
A chromatographic procedure for determination of oxytetracycline (OXT), tetracycline (TC), chlorotetracycline (CTC), and doxycycline (DC) in water samples was developed and was applied for the analysis of water samples collected from poultry and pig farms and environmental water samples. Samples were acidified with trifluoroacetetic acid to pH 3 and further purified by solid phase extraction using Oasis HLB cartridges. The samples were dried up and redissolved in the mixture of oxalic acid and methanol. Separation was performed on reserved phase column (Phenomenex column C18 , 250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) by multistep gradient elution, and detection was carried out at 360 nm for OTC and TC, 370 nm for CTC, and 350 nm for DC. The tetracyclines were eluted with the mobile phase of 0.05 M oxalic acid (pH 2.5), acetonitrile, and methanol. This method provided average recoveries of 83.53% to 108.59%, with coefficient of variations (CVs) of 2.41% to 8.64% in the range of 10 to 1000 μg/L OTC, TC, CTC, and DC in water. The linearity for the tetracyclines was determined by HPLC-DAD in the range 10 to 1000 μg/L, with the correlation coefficient (R) > 0.99. The LOD and LOQ for the tetracyclines in water samples ranged from 1.51 to 4.00 and 2.51 to 5.93 μg/L, respectively.