bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small‐size LTE/WWAN planar printed antenna for ultrathin smartphone application
Authors: Liang Yan‐Wu , Zhou Hao‐Miao 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTA compact small‐size LTE/WWAN planar printed antenna for ultrathin smartphone application is presented, which achieves two wide operating bands of 647–972 MHz and 1605–2770 MHz to cover LTE (LTE700/2300/2500) and WWAN (GSM850/900/1800/1900/UMTS2100) bands. A feeding strip and an inverted M‐shaped parasitic shorting strip are combined to form the proposed coupled‐fed antenna with a simple structure and small size of 15 × 36 mm2. So it can be easily printed on the circuit board and it is convenient to adjust antenna performance. At the same time, a rectangular notch on the circuit board not only can be used to place the battery for ultrathin smartphone application but also changes the ground plane current path to achieve a better impedance matching, especially in the low‐band (698–960 MHz). Moreover, the proposed antenna allows tighter integration of multiple electronic components, such as USB, microphone. In addition, the design process and measured results of the proposed antenna are also provided below. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2116–2120, 2015
Dual‐inverted‐F antenna with a decoupling chip inductor for the 3.6‐GHz LTE operation in the tablet computer
Authors: Wong Kin‐Lu , Chen Li‐Yu 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTA simple, decoupled dual‐inverted‐F antenna (DIFA) formed by two inverted‐F antennas (IFAs) with a decoupling chip inductor is presented. The open ends of the two IFAs face to each other and are connected by the decoupling chip inductor. The DIFA has a planar structure and is easily fabricated on a thin dielectric substrate. Good isolation between the two IFAs can be obtained, owing to an equivalent bandstop circuit formed by the decoupling chip inductor and the equivalent distributed capacitor between the open ends of the two IFAs. For the tablet computer application in the 3.6‐GHz LTE band (3.4–3.8 GHz), the DIFA with a decoupling chip inductor of 39 nH occupies a small size of 20 × 4 mm2 on a 0.8‐mm thick FR4 substrate. The two IFAs in the DIFA almost require no isolation spacing, thereby leading to the compact structure and small size. Details of the proposed DIFA are described, and its multi‐input multioutput performance is discussed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2189–2194, 2015
A microstrip‐fed reformed rectangular shape slotted patch antenna for simultaneous operation in GPS and WLAN bands
Authors: Ahsan Md Rezwanul , Islam Mohammad Tariqul , Ullah Mohammad Habib 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTA microstrip‐line feed simple design of modified rectangular slotted patch antenna is proposed for dual‐frequency operation. The typical rectangular shape of the patch is reformed by integrating slots and extending the radiating patch to some extent for achieving desired resonance. With the optimized dimensions from numerical simulating software, the proposed antenna is printed on 1.905‐mm‐thick 40 × 40 mm2 ceramic composite substrate with relative dielectric constant εr = 10.2. The experimental results confirm the bandwidths for S11 ≤−10 dB are of 780 MHz (1.13–1.91 GHz) and 1.22 GHz (4.83–6.05 GHz) with resonance frequency 1.48 and 5.61 GHz, respectively. The antenna prototype shows almost consistent and symmetrical radiation patterns with maximum gain of 3.42 and 4.37 dBi for lower and upper frequency band, respectively. On the basis of well‐agreed simulated and measured results, adequate bandwidth, stable radiation, and acceptable gain performance make the antenna suitable for serving simultaneously in global positioning system and wireless local area network bands. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2204–2207, 2015
High power cladding‐pumped L‐band EDFA with a double‐pass configuration
Authors: Wei Yizhen , Chen Feihong , Zhou Xuefang , Hu Miao , Li Qiliang 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTA high power broadband cladding‐pumped erbium‐doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) in the long‐wavelength band (L‐band) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The L‐band EDFA presented here is based on a double‐pass (DP) configuration, and employs commercially available double‐cladding fiber. An output power over 2 W and an operation wavelength range from 1570 to 1620 nm have been achieved using clad pumping technique in the DP scheme. Compared with the single‐pass structure, obvious improvements on power conversion efficiency and signal gain are obtained while the deterioration of noise figure is also observed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2186–2189, 2015
A Compact asymmetric monopole antenna with electrically coupled SRR for WiMAX/WLAN/UWB applications
Authors: Rajeshkumar V. , Raghavan S. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTIn this article, a very compact printed asymmetric rectangular monopole antenna with an electrically coupled split ring resonator (SRR) is presented. The operating frequencies cover the worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), wireless local area network (WLAN), and ultra wideband (UWB) applications. The asymmetric monopole is fed by a microstrip line, whereas the SRR is inductively coupled with the radiating element. The electric field‐coupled SRR yields its resonance at 3.5 GHz in addition to the fundamental wideband resonance obtained by the asymmetric monopole. The measured operating bands (3.48–3.62 GHz), (5.1–11.12 GHz) are suitable for WiMAX and 5 GHz WLAN bands. Consequently, the overall operating bands of the antenna cover the UWB range with the exception of 3.1–3.48 and 3.62–5.1 GHz range. The proposed antenna has a very compact size of 13 × 15 × 1.6 mm3. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2194–2197, 2015
A note on material losses in unstructured transmission line modeling
Authors: Sewell Phillip , Vukovic Ana , Meng Xuesong , Benson Trevor M. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTThe incorporation of material losses within an unstructured transmission line Modeling electromagnetic field solver is presented. A theoretical and numerical development is complemented by a number of quantified canonical examples. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2218–2222, 2015
Accurate IC current extraction method and power distribution network optimization
Authors: Lim Sangho , Lee Sangho , Ko Cheaok , Shim Jongwan , Cheon Jeongnam 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTObtaining correct integrated circuit (IC) current information is a key factor for power distribution network design. This letter suggests an exact IC current extraction method using a measured voltage of a board when detailed IC data cannot be accessible. Voltage waveform is measured at the closest decoupling capacitor position from an IC after the capacitor is eliminated. Using the measured voltage and new transfer function which eliminates oscilloscope probe noise effect, we are able to calculate an exact IC current. The proposed methodology is validated by comparing the simulated noise voltage with the real measured noise voltage of 1.2 V core circuit. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2175–2182, 2015
A compact modified U‐shaped UWB bandpass filter
Authors: Jhariya Dharmendra , Azad Amit Ranjan , Mohan Akhilesh , Sinha Manoranjan 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTA compact ultra wideband bandpass filter (BPF) with sharp rejection and wide upper stopband is proposed in this letter. The proposed bandpass filter is constructed using modified U‐shaped multimode resonator (MMR). The U‐shaped MMR is loaded with two open stubs on the symmetrical locations. This proposed resonator has five resonant modes, out of which two are odd modes and the remaining are even modes. These modes are present in the UWB band and are used to realize the wideband passband of the filter. By optimizing the dimensions of the stubs, the five resonant modes of the resonator can be brought into the desired passband. This bandpass filter with fractional bandwidth better than 110% is simulated, fabricated, and measured. The measured impedance bandwidth of filter is from 3.75 to 13.75 GHz with an insertion loss of 2 dB and return loss better than 11 dB. The simulated and measured results show a good agreement. The group delay variation is less than 0.25 ns. A wide stopband bandwidth with 16 dB attenuation is up to 19 GHz is obtained in the proposed filter. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2172–2175, 2015
Influence of the SMA connector and its modeling on electromagnetic simulation
Authors: Hirano Takuichi , Hirokawa Jiro , Ando Makoto 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTThe modeling of subminiature version A (SMA) connectors is occasionally neglected when simulating microwave components or when an approximated model is used to represent its characteristics. In this article, SMA connector modeling is investigated and an appropriate simulation modeling is discussed. It was observed that modeling the inner part of the SMA connector using the coaxial cable model is adequate when no electromagnetic field exist outside of the SMA connector. However, modeling the exterior structure including a receptacle, if it exists, is required when an electromagnetic field exist outside the connector. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2168–2171, 2015
Design and analysis of UWB circular ring two element microstrip patch antenna array with notched band for modern wireless applications
Authors: Saha Paramita , Singh Anshuman , Pandey Vijay K. , Kanaujia Binod Kumar , Khandelwal Mukesh Kumar 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTTwo element array of circular ring microstrip patch antenna is proposed for modern wireless applications. A circular slot is integrated in the circular patch for providing a notched band at frequency of 4.6 GHz for avoiding the interference with exciting band at frequency of 4.6 GHz. A 50‐Ω microstrip line power divider is used for feeding the both circular ring elements of array. The corners of the power divider are truncated for providing the better impedance matching. Antenna shows an impedance bandwidth of 185.5% ranging from 1.0 GHz to 13.8 GHz. Proposed antenna shows good radiation characteristics with peak gain of the value of around 8 dBi. Single element of same circular ring fed with microstrip line also proposed with semiground plane. The antenna is analyzed with finite element method using HFSS v.14. Proposed structure is fabricated on Fr‐4 Epoxy substrate and measured results are in good agreement with simulated results. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2067–2072, 2015
A general viscous‐spring transmitting boundary for dynamic analysis of saturated poroelastic media
Authors: Li Peng , Song Er‐xiang 
Published: June 2015

SummaryA time‐domain viscous‐spring transmitting boundary is presented for transient dynamic analysis of saturated poroelastic media with linear elastic and isotropic properties. The u–U formulation of Biot equation in cylindrical coordinate is adopted in the derivation. By this general viscous‐spring boundary, the effective stress and pore fluid pressure on the truncated boundary of the computational area are replaced by a set of continuously distributed spring and dashpot elements, of which the parameters are defined assuming an infinite permeability and considering the two dilatational waves. Numerical examples demonstrate good absorption of both the two cylindrical dilatational waves by the proposed ‘drained’ boundary. For general two‐dimensional wave propagation problems, acceptable accuracy can still be achieved by setting the proposed boundary relatively far away from the scatter. Numerical comparison shows that the results obtained by using this boundary are more accurate for all permeability values than those by the traditional viscous‐spring or viscous boundaries established for u–U formulation. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HRM in Development: Lessons and Frontiers
Authors: Berman Evan M. 
Published: June 2015

SummaryThis article discusses contributions of human resources management (HRM) to strengthening state institutions in development settings. It also identifies leading practices and frontiers in HRM practice and research. “Technical” HRM expertise in development exists in matching organizational performance with staffing, advancing decentralization, international project management, and training, and research also shows extensive concerns with patronage and anti‐corruption. Frontiers are discussed in connection with strategic HRM, notably improved leadership development/talent management, workforce engagement in developing settings, re‐thinking/professionalization of appointee–executive relations, comprehensive HRM strategies, and increased leadership for HRM itself. Although development studies often raise HRM implications, relatively few focus on HRM in development in a comprehensive fashion. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation of Nano‐Sized Copper β‐Resorcylate (β‐Cu) and its Excellent Catalytic Activity for the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate
Authors: Hao Gazi , Liu Jie , Gao Han , Xiao Lei , Ke Xiang , Jiang Wei , Zhao Fengqi , Gao Hongxu 
Published: June 2015

AbstractCopper β‐resorcylate (cupric 2,4‐dihydroxy‐benzoate, β‐Cu) nanoparticles were prepared at a large‐scale via a facile wet mechanical grinding method and vacuum freeze‐drying process. The as‐prepared β‐Cu nanoparticles were characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR). The results revealed that the nano‐sized β‐Cu is of semi‐spherical shape and of homogeneous distribution, with a fairly uniform size of 100 nm. The formation mechanism of β‐Cu nanoparticles in the whole process was discussed in detail. Furthermore, the catalytic properties of as‐obtained β‐Cu were investigated. The TG/DSC study showed that nano‐sized β‐Cu could be a promising additive for accelerating the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP).
The Nitrolysis Mechanism of 3,7‐Dinitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetraazabicyclo[3,3,1]nonane
Authors: Liu Wen Jin , Xu Zhi Bin , Cui Ke Jian , Xue Min , Meng Zi Hui , Huang Xiao Chuan , Ge Zhong Xue , Lin Zhi Hui , Qin Guang Ming 
Published: June 2015

AbstractTwo intermediates, 1,5‐dinitroso‐3,7‐dinitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetraazacyclooctane (DNDS) and 1‐nitroso‐3,5,7‐trinitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetraazacyclooctane (MNX), were isolated and characterized in the synthesis of 1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetraazacyclooctane (HMX) from the nitrolysis of 3,7‐dinitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetraazabicyclo[3,3,1]nonane (DPT) for the first time. When the nitrolysis of DPT was slowed down, two intermediates were detected with HPLC. It was proposed that electrophilic NO2+ and NO+ from HNO3 and N2O4 might attack nitrogen atoms at positions 3 and 7 of DPT to form the cations of the intermediates, then nucleophilic H2O attacked the bridge carbon atoms of DPT to produce the intermediates, which were oxidized to form HMX.
ITIL in small to medium‐sized enterprises software companies: towards an implementation sequence
Authors: Lema Lohana , Calvo‐Manzano José‐Antonio , Colomo‐Palacios Ricardo , Arcilla Magdalena 
Published: June 2015

AbstractInformation technology infrastructure library (ITIL) framework is a set of comprehensive publications providing descriptive guidance on the management of IT processes, functions, roles, and responsibilities related to IT service management. However, and in spite of its repercussion and popularity, the ITIL framework does not suggest an implementation order for their processes. This decision constitutes the first challenge that an organization must overcome when starting an ITIL implementation, the enterprise size being one of the leading factors to be considered in the decision‐making process. In the scenario of small and medium enterprises dedicated to producing software, this paper is devoted to investigating which processes are the most selected to start the implementation of ITIL in these organizations. This is performed by means of two different instruments, first, a systematic literature review on the topic and second, a survey conducted among experts and practitioners. Results show in both cases that incident management process should be the first process when implementing ITIL framework. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Where does all this waste come from?
Authors: Raschke Wolfgang , Zilli Massimiliano , Loinig Johannes , Weiss Reinhold , Steger Christian , Kreiner Christian 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAgile development processes are more flexible than conventional ones. They emphasize iterative development and learning over feedback loops. Nevertheless, we experienced some pitfalls in the application of agile processes in dependable software systems. We present here the experiences we gathered in the construction of high‐quality industrial software. Moreover, we will digest our experiences into a conceptual model of waste creation. This model will be refined to a case study where we take appropriate measurements in order to provide empirical evidence for it. Finally, we discuss the implications of the developed model, which helps to estimate the trade‐off between agile and traditional software processes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High-throughput sequencing-based genome-wide identification of microRNAs expressed in developing cotton seeds
Authors: Wang YanMei , Ding Yan , Yu DingWei , Xue Wei , Liu JinYuan 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play critical regulatory roles in gene expression in cotton. Although a large number of miRNAs have been identified in cotton fibers, the functions of miRNAs in seed development remain unexplored. In this study, a small RNA library was constructed from cotton seeds sampled at 15 days post-anthesis (DPA) and was subjected to high-throughput sequencing. A total of 95 known miRNAs were detected to be expressed in cotton seeds. The expression pattern of these identified miRNAs was profiled and 48 known miRNAs were differentially expressed between cotton seeds and fibers at 15 DPA. In addition, 23 novel miRNA candidates were identified in 15-DPA seeds. Putative targets for 21 novel and 87 known miRNAs were successfully predicted and 900 expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences were proposed to be candidate target genes, which are involved in various metabolic and biological processes, suggesting a complex regulatory network in developing cotton seeds. Furthermore, miRNA-mediated cleavage of three important transcripts in vivo was validated by RLM-5' RACE. This study is the first to show the regulatory network of miRNAs that are involved in developing cotton seeds and provides a foundation for future studies on the specific functions of these miRNAs in seed development.
Synthesis of Gemini‐Like Methyl Acrylate‐Acrylic Acid‐Methyl Acrylate Triblock Copolymers Surfactants by RAFT Polymerization in Solution and Investigation of their Behavior at the Air–Water Interface
Authors: Yu Erlei , Zhang Letao , Zhang Yagang , Liu Zeyu , Wang Tinggui , Liu Xuanchi , Eli Wumanjiang 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA series of methyl acrylate‐acrylic acid amphiphilic triblock copolymers (PMA‐PAA‐PMA) were prepared by solution polymerization using S,S′‐bis (α,α‐dimethy1acetic acid) trithiocarbonate (BDAT) as a reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent and methyl acrylate (MA) as the first monomer. The triblock copolymers and their common MA homopolymer precursors were characterized in terms of their compositions, molecular weights and behavior at the air–water interface using 1H‐NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, gel permeation chromatography, surface tension, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering respectively. The results indicated that PMA‐PAA‐PMA was successfully synthesized through RAFT polymerization. The polydispersity index (PDI) decreased when the molar ratio [n(MA)/n(AA)] increased, the lowest PDI was obtained at 5.23 wt% RAFT and the molecular weights were consistent with the theoretical value as the RAFT agent percentage varied. The polymer neutralized by sodium hydroxide solution shows a low critical micelle concentration (CMC), which was <10−2 mol L−1 in water. The Amin values increased and showed a maximum with decreased AA chain length. TEM showed that the neutralized polymer formed a special vesicle structure with large pore structure which led to a low CMC and surface tension of water.
Phosphatidylethanolamine, but not Phosphatidylglycerol‐Cardiolipin, Isolated from Two Species of Helicobacter Binds Cholesterol over Cholesteryl Ester
Authors: Amgalanbaatar Avarzed , Hosoda Kouichi , Shimomura Hirofumi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis study demonstrated that the cells of Helicobacter felis and Helicobacter cinaedi spontaneously absorb cholesterol added to the medium. A recent study by our group has revealed that phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) of Helicobacter pylori contains myristic acid as the most predominant saturated fatty acid and that the PtdEtn of this bacterium binds cholesterol more selectively than cholesteryl ester. We, therefore, isolated the PtdEtn from the two Helicobacter species to analyze the hydrophobic interaction between cholesterol and its glycerophospholipid. PtdEtn of the Helicobacter bacteria interacted more selectively with cholesterol than with cholesteryl ester, and the degree of the selective binding of cholesterol was higher in the PtdEtn than in the phosphatidylglycerol‐cardiolipin of the same bacteria. These results suggest the possibility that the cells of H. felis and H. cinaedi may contain abundant PtdEtn with myristic acid. On this basis, we analyzed the PtdEtn molecular species of the Helicobacter bacteria and demonstrated that the PtdEtn containing myristic acid accounts for more than 35 % in the total PtdEtn. These results suggest that the myristoyl PtdEtn takes part in the absorption of cholesterol in H. felis and H. cinaedi.
Proximal femoral excision with interposition myoplasty for cerebral palsy patients with painful chronic hip dislocation
Authors: Patel Nirav K. , Sabharwal Sanjeeve , Gooding Christopher R. , Hashemi-Nejad Aresh , Eastwood Deborah M. 
Published: June 2015

Purpose Proximal femoral excision is a salvage procedure for painful chronic hip dislocation in cerebral palsy (CP) patients. The primary objective of this article is to describe our experience of an amplified interposition myoplasty, with appropriate peri-operative pain and tone management strategies, in a cohort of non-ambulatory CP patients with painful chronic hip dislocation. Our secondary objective is to present the clinical outcomes of these patients. Methods We describe our experience in 20 CP patients (25 procedures) at mean 54-month (range 27–169) follow-up with a surgical technique that includes an augmented interposition myoplasty and tone management. The indications for surgery were pain (21 hips), poor sitting tolerance (11) and difficulty with perineal care (8). Results The mean age was 22 years (range 10–40) with 11 patients Gross Motor Function Classification Scale (GMFCS) IV and 9 patients GMFCS V. Mean length of stay was 13 days (3–35). One procedure required revision at 12 months. Mean pain score improved from 7.8 (5–10) pre-operatively to 2.8 (1–5) post-operatively ( p < 0.001). Sitting tolerance improved in all patients and in 75 % (15) perineal care was easier. Conclusions Our interposition myoplasty technique with individualised pain/tone management has good outcomes in this cohort of patients with multiple co-morbidities.