bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1209 – Central Auditory Processing And Meaning: ‘early’ Deficits In Language Processing In Sli
Authors: Schecker M. 
Published: July 2013

In neurolinguistic language processing models always a linear sequence of language processing steps assume. See the model of language reception of Friederici and Cramon. This contradicts however results of new ERP-studies. Pulvermüller et al. show for the central auditory processing, that words in opposition to pseudo-words as deviants in an oddball paradigm conduct to a significant increase of the amplitude of the so-called early MMN or MMN1 (ca. 120 - 180 ms after stimulus-onset). This shows that already the central auditory processing activated long-term memory for words.We conducted similar tests and come to somewhat different results. The processing of words in opposition to pseudo-words produced no significant increase in the amplitude of the MMN1. But the amplitude of the so-called late MMN or MMN2 (130 - 180 ms after stimulus-onset) decreased significantly. We have interpreted these results as facilitating processing.We have found identical results in 5-11 years old children. In SLI-children of the same age there was no effect of this kind. This might explain why SLI-children have not only deficits in building inventories of grammatical entities in the lexicon, but also deficits in building vocabulary.
1213 – Parental Rearing Styles, Eating Habits/behaviours And Eating Disorders Symptoms, In a Sample Of Adolescents
Authors: Carvalho C. , Marques M. , Silva M.I. , Santos J. , Conceição L. , Cunha M. , Espírito Santo H. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThere are few studies in the international and national literature exploring the association between parental rearing styles, eating habits/behaviours and symptoms of Eating Disorders (ED).Objectives/aimsTo examine the associations between the dimensions of Parental Rearing Style Questionnaire for Adolescents (EMBU-A), the dimensions of a test assessing eating disorders symptoms (Eating Attitudes Test-25/EAT-25), Body Mass Index (BMI), items assessing eating habits/behaviors and sociodemographic family and health variables; to explore which are the predictors of symptoms of eating disorders and eating habits/behaviours.Methods402 adolescents (girls: n = 241, 60%) between 12 and 18 years old (M = 14,2, SD = 1,62) answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the EMBU-A and the EAT-25.ResultsWe found a negative association between Emotional Support (EMBU-A), all the EAT-25 dimensions and EAT-25 total score. There was, generally, a positive association between the Overprotection and Rejection dimensions (EMBU-A) and the same results of the EAT-25. Sports’ practice was associated with a higher mean score of Motivation for Thinness and the total score of the EAT-25. In the predictive analyses, Emotional Support showed to decrease the likelihood of adolescents manifesting ED symptoms and Rejection to increase that likelihood.ConclusionsEmotional Support seems to be protective of ED symptoms and dysfunctional eating habits/behaviors appearance in adolescents, while Rejection appears to increase the risk of these two outcomes. These dimensions should be worked together with parents, eventually, by psicoeducational programs. At schools and health centers, programs can be implemented to improve eating habits/behaviors and help prevent ED development
1222 – The Quality Of Life Of Patients Suffering From Schizophrenia - a Comparison With Healthy Controls
Authors: Vrbova K. , Prasko J. , Cerna M. , Grambal A. , Jelenova D. , Kamaradova D. , Latalova K. , Ociskova M. , Sedlackova Z. , Sigmundova Z. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundIn the past, the first goal of schizophrenia treatment was to reduce psychotic symptoms, mainly positive symptoms. Recently, as a result of an emphasis on patient needs, the concept of quality of life (QoL) has been brought into the treatment. The goal has therefore changed from the alleviation of symptoms to improvement of the patient's satisfaction with social activities. Self-evaluations by people with schizophrenia were previously thought to lack reliability because of the presence of psychopathological symptoms and poor awareness of the disease. Recently the importance of evaluating the satisfaction of patients themselves, however, has been recognized in schizophrenia. Studies on this field showed us, that QoL data from patients with chronic mental illness were reliable and concluded that subjective QoL evaluation was applicable to such patients.AimsThe purpose of the present study was to compare the QoL in patients suffering from schizophrenia in clinical remission with healthy controls and examine the extent of the effects of subjective cognitive functioning on QoL in these patients.MethodsData were obtained using the quality of life questionnaire (Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction - Q-LES-Q), and subjective questionnaire for cognitive dysfunction (Cognitive Failures Questionnaire - CFQ) for 40 schizophrenia patients in clinical remission and 40 healthy controls.ResultsCognitive function correlates negatively with subjective QoL in patients with schizophrenia.Supported by grant IGA MZ ČR NT11047.
1225 – Sex Differences In Eating Habits/behaviours And Eating Disorders Symptoms, In a Sample Of Adolescents
Authors: Silva M.I. , Marques M. , Carvalho C. , Santos J. , Conceição L. , Cunha M. , Simões S. , Espírito Santo H. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe literature recognizes differences in the prevalence, eating disorders (ED) symptoms and eating habits/behaviours by sex, but few studies in Portugal considered this subject.ObjectivesTo explore associations between sex, Body Mass Index (BMI), Eating Attitudes Test-25 (EAT-25) dimensions and items, the EAT-25 score dichotomized by the cutoff of 19 (a score equal/above 19 indicates “possible” ED) and, finally, some items about eating habits/behaviors; to verify possible associations between sociodemographic variables and items assessing eating habits/behaviours.Methods308 adolescents (M = 14,5 years; DP = 1,67; girls, n = 184, 59,7%) answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and the EAT-25.ResultsThere were no significant associations between sex, categorized and dimensional BMI, EAT-25 dimensions, categorized EAT-25 (cutoff of 19) and items assessing eating habits/behaviors. However, some items of the EAT-25 revealed a significant association with sex. Most adolescents from both sexes presented a score below the cutoff of 19. The frequency with which young people drink sodas and eat vegetables is associated with father's educational level. The frequency with which adolescents eat vegetables and fast food is associated with the school area they attend.ConclusionsEating habits/behaviours are not as much negative as documented in some literature. There does not seem to exist significant sex differences regarding eating attitudes, “possible” ED, BMI and eating habits/behaviours. However, there are sex differences regarding some of the specific symptoms of EAT-25. It is good to verify that both sexes reveal a low prevalence of “possible” eating behaviour disorder, although girls reveal a higher value.
1226 – Changing The Emotional Schemas Using Writing Letters To Significant Caregivers
Authors: Prasko J. , Vyskocilova J. , Cerna M. , Diveky T. , Jelenova D. , Kamaradova D. , Ociskova M. , Sandoval A. , Sedlackova Z. , Vrbova K. 
Published: July 2013

The letter writing is a psychoterapeutic strategy, which can help to the patients to cope with the relationship to the significant people from their childhood.MethodThe purpose of writing letters is to experience and to understand their own feelings, to cope with strong emotional experiences, which are related to the injuries in the childhood. We present specific examples of the letters from our patients in last 15 years of our experience, when this technique is mainly used in patients with personality disorders, affective and anxiety disorders in the therapy and also using internet.ResultsThe result is a profound change in beliefs about themselves and others. The basic types of therapeutic letters are these four: not censured letter, emphatic letter from the “other side”, the letter to the “inner child” of the significant person and the letter “visit-card”. In not censured letter the patients primarily reflect the negative feelings that hurt them in childhood. The emphatic letter from the “other side” is the ideal answer the patients would have wanted to get away from the significant person; patients formulate the particular wishes and expectations, which meet in a fictional response (encouraging selfconfidence, assurance of love, respect). The “visit-card” letter is the censured letter in “adult to adult” mode, written with respect for oneself and significant person, directed towards reconciliation. Fonetický přepisSupported by IGAMZ CR NT 11047-4/2010.
1227 – Differences In Eating Habits/behaviours And Eating Disorders Symptoms In Adolescents From a Rural And a Urban School
Authors: Santos J. , Marques M. , Carvalho C. , Silva M.I. , Conceição L. , Espírito Santo H. , Simões S. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionDifferences in eating habits/behaviours and eating disorders (ED) symptoms in adolescents from rural and urban schools has not been very considered, particularly in Portugal.Objectivesexplore differences between students who attend rural and urban schools in eating habits/behaviors and ED symptoms; verify if there are differences regarding Body Mass Index (BMI) by school area.Methods282 adolescents students (mean age = 14,5; SD = 1,69; variation = 12-18 years old; urban subsample = 126, 44,7%), studying in two schools, one from an urban area and another from a rural area answered sociodemographic questions, eating habits/behaviours items and EAT-25 (Eating Attitudes Test-25).ResultsMost of the adolescents from both schools have breakfast and drink milk daily. Moreover, they eat vegetables and fruits daily or weekly and only rarely fast-food. Adolescents that practice a sport eat more fruits/vegetables. Adolescents attending a rural school ingest more vegetables and less fast-food. ED symptoms (EAT-25) present a lower prevalence, comparing to a young adults sample. There were no significant differences in all the EAT-25 dimensions, EAT total score and BMI by school area.ConclusionsEating habits/behaviours seem to be positive in both schools (e.g. most adolescents have breakfast daily). There were only some small differences between the two schools in particular eating habits but adolescents from the two areas do not seem to differ in ED symptoms and BMI, which is not in accordance with the literature that tends to signal urban areas as a “risk factor” for dysfunctional eating behaviors.
1236 – Suicidality In Psychiatric Inpatients And Economic Crisis In Greece
Authors: Stefanakis Z. , Vgontzas A. , Basta M. , Tsougkou M. , Kastanaki A. , Fernandez-Mendoza J. , Sfakiotaki M. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionSuicide attempts/thoughts are common among psychiatric inpatients and they are burden for the individual, the family and the health system. According to published reports, suicidality in Greece has increased significantly, because of the current economic crisis.ObjectiveExamine the profile of psychiatric inpatients of the Psychiatric Department of the University Hospital of Crete(PD/UHC), presenting with suicide attempts/ thoughts.AimIdentify risk factors associated with attempted suicide or suicidal thoughts.MethodsOne hundred forty four out of 444 (33%) inpatients admitted in the PD/UHC between Nov 2011- Aug 2012 presented suicidal attempts/thoughts. Data were analyzed using the Pearson's chi-square test and multivariable regression models.ResultsMajor Depression, substance abuse, female gender and having a spouse were associated with suicidality in the entire group. Because there was an interaction between gender and having children, the analysis was stratified by gender. Risk factors for suicidality in men were having children (OR=2.26) and shorter time since onset of illness (OR= 0.96), and in women having a spouse (OR=2.47). Low income and unemployment were not significant predictors of suicidality.ConclusionsMajor Depression, substance abuse, female gender, family status and recent onset of illness appear to be risk factors associated with suicidality in psychiatric inpatients. Unemployment/low income, did not correlate with suicidality. Our findings do not support the popular belief of increased suicidality due to the current economic crisis. Finally, there is a need for further understanding of how family, its dynamics and potential stressors associated with it, may influence suicidality.
1242 – A Continuum Paradigm Of Psychopathology: Narcissism As The Core Construct In Mental Illness
Authors: Jacir N. 
Published: July 2013

Recommendations for DSM-V and future diagnoses of psychiatric disorders include complementing the current standard categorical approach with a dimensional approach (Swanson, Wigal, & Lakes, 2009). This paper proposes that the Narcissistic Spectrum Personality Questionnaire (NSPQ) developed based on Lowen's (1985) definition of Narcissism as the “denial of the true self,” may potentially provide the framework for designing a measurement tool to assess psychiatric disorders on a continuum. In this design Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Bipolar Disorder were selected to be placed on this continuum to support that both disorders are similar in their psychodynamic underpinnings. It is proposed that a longitudinal study be conducted with ADHD and Bipolar participants who will be randomly assigned to three groups,a)actual drug,b)active placebo (that mimics the side effects of the drug), andc)inert placebo (merely a sugar pill).The NSPQ scores are expected to decrease with time for all groups and significantly less so for participants receiving the inert placebo. Such findings may suggest that the side effects of drugs render a psychodynamically punishing insult to the participant resulting in their improvement. The study will help elucidate the psychological impact of placebo, therefore, unraveling a possible explanation to the long sought question of why placebos are almost as effective as drugs. The reader will be able to see narcissism on a continuum that includes a range of pathological elements and will be challenged with the idea that categorical diagnoses can be looked at on this new continuum theory.
1253 – Etical Aspects Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Supervision
Authors: Vyskocilova J. , Prasko J. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveThe task of supervision is to increase the value of the therapeutic process in patient's best interest. There are many ethical questions rising in supervisors thinking about patients and also about therapist during CBT supervision.AimsThe first aim was review the literature about ethics of CBT supervision and to compare the attitudes and belief about ethical questions in trainees of CBT a CBT supervision. The second aim was to find if there were any relations between ethical self-reflection and therapeutic skills of CBT trainee.MethodsThe first method was narrative review. A literature review was performed using the National Library of Medicine PubMed database, Scopus and Web of Science, additional references was found through bibliography reviews of relevant articles up to July 2011. Databases were searched for articles containing the following keywords: cognitive behavioral therapy, therapeutic relationship, training, supervision, ethics, self-reflection. The review also includes information from monographs referred to by other reviews. The second step was using the self-reflect questionnaire about ethical questions and assessment of the therapeutic skills of CBT trainees by their CBT trainers.ResultsStrengthening ethical self-reflections in supervisees is valuable way of improving the development of ethical aspects of professional growth throughout all stages of their career. Training and supervision focused on self-reflection on ethical aspects are beneficial to both supervisees and their patients. Preliminary results show, that therapist with high level of ethical self-reflection are significantly better in therapeutic skills assessed by trainees.Supported by grant IGA MZ CR NT 11047-4/2010.
1260 – Imprisonment Among Psychiatric Inpatients In Iceland
Authors: Steingrimsson S. , Sigurdsson M.I. , Gudmundsdottir H. , Aspelund T. , Magnusson A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionCriminality is common among patients with severe mental disorders and/or substance use disorders (SUDs).Aims/objectivesTo study the incidence of imprisonment among psychiatric inpatients along with their diagnoses patterns and survival.MethodsThis is a nationwide register based study of all psychiatric inpatients admitted in Iceland between 1983 and 2007. The database contained information on discharge diagnoses, imprisonment and cause of death when relevant. Cumulative incidence of imprisonment was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Using a nested case-control (1:3) design, survival was analysed with Cox-proportional hazard ratio model. Controls were similar regarding age, year of admission and discharge diagnoses. All analyses were done separately for men and women.ResultsMen admitted at ages between 18 and 30 had 21% cumulative incidence of incarceration over a 20-year period. For women the corresponding figure was 6%. Most common discharge diagnoses of those serving a sentence in prison were SUD and/or personality disorder. Among men, adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for risk of death was 2.0 (95%-confidence interval (CI): 1.5–2.6) and for women 1.3 (95%-CI: 0.5–3.5).ConclusionsImprisonment is common among psychiatric inpatients. This group represents individuals with long-term problems and specific treatment needs. Mortality was significantly increased for men while there were to few women in the cohort to establish meaningful HR for risk of death.
1262 – Empathy And Theory Of Mind In Euthymic Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Ioannidi N. , Konstantakopoulos G. , Ploumpidis D. , Typaldou M. , Sakkas D. , Papadimitriou G.N. , Oulis P. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionDeficits in social cognition, especially in Theory of Mind (ToM) and empathy, may contribute in poor social functioning of patients with bipolar disorder (BD).ObjectivesPrevious studies have found impaired empathy in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder using self-report measures of empathy. However, evidence on the neuropsychological processes that underlie empathic abilities in BD is scarce.AimsThe aim of the study was to assess empathy and ToM abilities in euthymic BD using both self-report and neuropsychological measures.MethodsFifty-seven euthymic BD patients and 53 healthy control subjects completed the Empathy Quotient, a self-report measure of empathy. A multi-level battery of ToM tasks was applied in all study participants, including First order false beliefs stories, Hinting task and Faux Pas Recognition Test (FP). Besides the ability to recognize Faux Pas, three specific components of ToM were assessed with FP: the affective ToM, the cognitive ToM, and the emotional perspective taking. The two groups were matched for gender, age and education.ResultsPatients with BD reported significantly lower levels of empathy than healthy controls. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the First order false beliefs and Hinting task scores. Patients had significantly lower score than healthy controls in FP recognition and cognitive ToM. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in affective ToM and emotional perspective taking.ConclusionsDeficits in higher order ToM were found in the euthymic BD. These deficits might have important contribution to empathy impairments found, using self-report scales.
1267 – Functional Polymorphism In The Interleukin-6 Gene (il-6 Rs1800795), And Depression Induced By Interferon-alpha And Ribavirin During The Hcv Treatment
Authors: Małyszczak K.M. , Frydecka D.A. , Pawłowski T. , Inglot M. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe inflammatory response system is important in the pathophysiology of depressive symptoms that are frequent side effects of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) treatment. The functional rs1800795 IL-6 promoter SNP [-174 IL-6 (G > C)] has been described, with ‘CC’ genotype associated with lower synthesis of IL-6.ObjectivesThe present study was carried out to determine whether rs1800795 IL-6 polymorphism is associated with severity of depression developed during IFN-alpha and ribavirin treatment.MethodsWe included 54 Caucasian patients receiving pegylated IFN-alpha and ribavirin treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus infection in the prospective cohort study. Symptoms of depression (Montgomery - Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, MADRS, Beck Depression Inventory, BDI) and neuroticism (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire - Revised, EPQ-R/N) were assessed before treatment, just after treatment and 24 weeks after treatment.ResultsThe mean MADRS ratings were higher in subjects with genotype ‘CC’ (p> 0.1). On the other hand, the BDI and EPQR/ N ratings were higher, and more stable in patients with ‘GG’ genotype (p> 0.1). Higher changes and the lowest values 24 weeks after the end of treatment were associated with ‘CC’ genotype (p< 0.05). The mean values were as follows (begin, end of treatment, 24 weeks after treatment): MADRS ‘CC’ (8.7, 11.3, 4.8), ‘GG’ (6.9, 11.1, 6.0); BDI ‘CC’ (6.9, 8.9, 3.2), ‘GG’ (8.4, 11.3, 6.2); EPQ-R/N ‘CC’ (8.3, 10.1, 7.3), ‘GG’ (10.4, 10.9, 9.2).ConclusionsGenotype ‘CC’ of IL-6 rs1800795 polymorphism is associated with bigger differences in BDI and EPQ-R/N ratings during IFN-alpha and ribavirin treatment, and lower ratings after treatment.
1268 – The Significance Of Anxiety In Victimization
Authors: Novakovic M. , Despotovic V. , Naskovic Z. , Savkovic D. , Maksimovic Z. , Mitric M. , Dakic Z. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionVictimization is the behaviour of the victim in sexual violence that can be violent and non-violent. The aim of the study is to analyse anxiety in victimization in relation to mental disorders, stress and transition weaknesses in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) in the period 2001 -2010.MethodExperimental group consists of n= 75 females on psychiatric treatment. They are victims after the rape: non-violent victimization is committed by: persons with mental disorders, victimization by abuse of power and unclear victimization. N= 75 persons make the control group of females with violent victimization. The design of the study is longitudinal, multicentric study with these tests: GDL, EPQ, HAMD, and PIE. Intercorrelation was done statistically, as well as univariable and canonical discriminative analysis.ResultsViolators are male (c2 = 29.970) significance P< 0.001), with broken family (c2 = 0.830), migration (c2 = 0.064), and heredity (c2 = 0.406) NS. Act over mental patient: 16.08% (2002) to 22.61% (2007), act of abuse of power: 2.12% (2001) to 3.55% (2008), and unclear rape acts: 0.88% (2004) to 1.74% (2007) and they are followed by fear in smaller extent. Violent victimization is shown by persons with the fear HAMD15: t-test= 11.01, HAMD19: t-test=13.91, and HAMD21: t-test=14.66.ConclusionAnxiety emerges in both non-violent and violent victimization with which it is more expressed. In non-violent victimization anxiety can result in mental disorders in adult period.