bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple Histological Subtypes of Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans Occurring in the Same Tumor
Authors: Socoliuc C. , Zurac Sabina , Andrei R. , Stăniceanu Florica 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) represents a low-grade cutaneous sarcoma which may have different histological aspects, presenting as a fibrosarcomatous, pigmented, juvenile, myxoid, atrophic, sclerosing or myoid lesion. Some of these subtypes may occur isolated or in association with one of the others creating hybrid lesions. We present the case of a 66 years old woman having a 4 cm diameter tumor located on the abdominal wall. Histopathological examination of the resection specimen revealed areas of typical DFSP associated with fibrosarcomatous transformation, myoid and myxoid areas. Also, focally, pleomorphic tumor cells and foreign-body type multinucleated giant cells were observed. Immunostains revealed CD34 positivity in typical DFSP and myxoid areas with negative staining of some of the tumor cells in fibrosarcomatous areas and negative staining of myoid areas. Smooth muscle actin was positive in myoid areas. The nature of myoid fascicles in DFSP is a matter of debate, being uncertain whether these represent a type of tumor differentiation or a reactive myoid proliferation. In this particular case, finding the association of myoid cells with blood vessel walls sustains their reactive nature. We present the morphological aspects of the different areas of the tumor with emphasis on differential diagnostic problems and clinical implications.
Problems of Differential Diagnosis in Melanoma Arising from Blue Naevus
Authors: Andrei R. , Zurac Sabina , Socoliu C. , Mandisodza P. , Staniceanu Florica 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Melanoma arising from blue naevus is an exceedingly rare variant of melanoma. Most of the cases are located in head and neck area, with scalp the most affected site. This type of melanoma develops on blue naevus or resembles blue naevus, most frequently cellular blue naevus. We present the case of a 52 years old female diagnosed with a pigmented melanoma of the scalp, with maximum tumoral thickness of 6.8 mm and invasion of the hypodermis, highly resembling cellular blue naevus. All criteria of malignancy were present: prominent nuclear pleomorphism, infiltrative pattern, tumoral necrosis, high mitotic rate (11 mitoses/mm2) with atypical mitosis and high Ki67 index. No lymph node or distant metastases were identified at presentation.
Because of the rarity of cases, histopathological diagnosis can be difficult, differential diagnosis with blue naevi, atypical blue naevi or metastatic melanoma being the most challenging problems. Prognosis is given by tumoral thickness, frequently being more than 4 mm.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome and the Small Intestinal Microflora. What We Do Know?
Authors: Moraru Ioana G. , Moraru A.G. , Dumitraşcu D.L. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome, one of the most common functional gastro intestinal disorders all over the world is considered to have a multi factorial pathogenesis. Recently more and more studies are focusing on the changes that take place in the micro biota of patients with irritable bowel syndrome, underlining the bacterial role in this pathogenesis. As a consequence, bacterial overgrowth, along with intestinal dysmotility, altered brain-gut axis and genetic factors are considered part of this pathophysiology. This report intends to summarize the actual knowledge on irritable bowel syndrome and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome, from details on the epidemiology, clinical manifestation, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment to details on the relationship between these two syndromes.
On decomposition of k-tridiagonal ℓ-Toeplitz
matrices and its applications
Authors: Ohashi A. , Sogabe T. , Usuda T.S. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
We consider a k-tridiagonal ℓ-Toeplitz matrix as one of generalizations of a tridiagonal Toeplitz
matrix. In the present paper, we provide a decomposition of the matrix under a certain condition. By the
decomposition, the matrix is easily analyzed since one only needs to analyze the small matrix obtained from
the decomposition. Using the decomposition, eigenpairs and arbitrary integer powers of the matrix are easily
shown as applications.
Contrastive Collostructional Analysis: Causative Constructions in English and French
Authors: Gilquin Gaëtanelle 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper offers a contrastive collostructional analysis of English and French periphrastic causative constructions withmake/fairein academic writing. Using data from the British National Corpus (for English) and from Scientext (for French), it investigates the interaction between the constructions and their non-finite verb slot. The (simple and distinctive) collexemes strongly attracted to themakeand/orfairecausative constructions are grouped into semantic classes, which are compared and help identify the typical meaning(s) of each construction. It appears that the English construction particularly attracts non-volitional verbs describing mental processes and (stimulus subject) perception, while the French construction preferentially attracts verbs of (dis)appearance and verbs expressing a change of state or location. These results contribute to situating the two constructions differently on the conceptual map of causation.
Inference of Super-exponential Human Population Growth via Efficient Computation of the Site Frequency Spectrum for Generalized Models
Authors: Gao Feng , Keinan Alon 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The site frequency spectrum (SFS) and other genetic summary statistics are at the heart of many population genetic studies. Previous studies have shown that human populations have undergone a recent epoch of fast growth in effective population size. These studies assumed that growth is exponential, and the ensuing models leave an excess amount of extremely rare variants. This suggests that human populations might have experienced a recent growth with speed faster than exponential. Recent studies have introduced a generalized growth model where the growth speed can be faster or slower than exponential. However, only simulation approaches were available for obtaining summary statistics under such generalized models. In this study, we provide expressions to accurately and efficiently evaluate the SFS and other summary statistics under generalized models, which we further implement in a publicly available software. Investigating the power to infer deviation of growth from being exponential, we observed that adequate sample sizes facilitate accurate inference; e.g., a sample of 3000 individuals with the amount of data expected from exome sequencing allows observing and accurately estimating growth with speed deviating by ≥10% from that of exponential. Applying our inference framework to data from the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project, we found that a model with a generalized growth epoch fits the observed SFS significantly better than the equivalent model with exponential growth (P-value =3.85×10−6). The estimated growth speed significantly deviates from exponential (P-value ≪10−12), with the best-fit estimate being of growth speed 12% faster than exponential.
Tools for Targeted Genome Engineering of EstablishedDrosophilaCell Lines
Authors: Cherbas Lucy , Hackney Jennifer , Gong Lei , Salzer Claire , Mauser Eric , Zhang Dayu , Cherbas Peter 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe describe an adaptation of φC31 integrase–mediated targeted cassette exchange for use in Drosophila cell lines. Single copies of an attP-bounded docking platform carrying a GFP-expression marker, with or without insulator elements flanking the attP sites, were inserted by P-element transformation into the Kc167 and Sg4 cell lines; each of the resulting docking-site lines carries a single mapped copy of one of the docking platforms. Vectors for targeted substitution contain a cloning cassette flanked by attB sites. Targeted substitution occurs by integrase-mediated substitution between the attP sites (integrated) and the attB sites (vector). We describe procedures for isolating cells carrying the substitutions and for eliminating the products of secondary off-target events. We demonstrate the technology by integrating a cassette containing a Cu2+-inducible mCherry marker, and we report the expression properties of those lines. When compared with clonal lines made by traditional transformation methods, which lead to the illegitimate insertion of tandem arrays, targeted insertion lines give more uniform expression, lower basal expression, and higher induction ratios. Targeted substitution, though intricate, affords results that should greatly improve comparative expression assays—a major emphasis of cell-based studies.
¿Los Mejores Perfumes Vienen en Envases Pequeños?: Potencial de las Intervenciones Breves en el Contexto Educativo
Authors: Barrera Madeleine , Chaux Enrique , Trujillo Daniela 
Published: October 2015

<p>Recientemente se han desarrollado intervenciones escolares breves basadas en teorías motivacionales y de psicología social. Estas intervenciones, algunas de solamente 15 minutos, han obtenido resultados positivos a largo plazo sobre dominios como el desempeño académico y la convivencia escolar. Este artículo hace una revisión de sus objetivos, características, fundamentos teóricos, evaluaciones y condiciones necesarias para su diseño e implementación. En general, el objetivo de estas intervenciones breves es transformar creencias, pensamientos o sentimientos de un segmento particular de la población estudiantil, considerado en riesgo. Además, buscan romper círculos viciosos al intervenir en momentos específicos de procesos recursivos. Finalmente, esta revisión analiza sus alcances, implicaciones y limitaciones, y sugiere futuras investigaciones.</p>
Desarrollo de un Cuestionario Breve para la Medición del Comportamiento Arriesgado en Peatones Adolescentes
Authors: Herrero-Fernández David 
Published: October 2015

<p>El objetivo del presente estudio fue la creación de un cuestionario autoinformado breve para valorar los comportamientos arriesgados en peatones. Para ello se contó con una muestra de 351 personas que completaron los 13 ítems iniciales del instrumento y que llevaron a cabo una tarea de percepción de riesgo a modo de medida de validez. El análisis factorial confirmatorio verificó el ajuste satisfactorio del modelo final de 8 ítems en un único factor, que alcanzó una consistencia interna satisfactoria (α=.75). Posteriormente los análisis evidenciaron la validez convergente y discriminante del cuestionario, con base en las correlaciones obtenidas con las medidas de percepción de riesgo administradas.</p>
Estratégias Utilizadas pelos Trabalhadores para Enfrentar o Desemprego
Authors: Bendassolli Pedro F. , Coelho-Lima Fellipe , Carlotto Mary Sandra , Santos Nüssle Flora , Ferreira Ila Maria 
Published: October 2015

<p>Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar as estratégias utilizadas pelos trabalhadores para enfrentar a situação de desemprego. Investigaram-se estratégias objetivas de sobrevivência e de reinserção profissional, e subjetivas, relacionadas com o enfrentamento da situação (coping). Participaram 400 trabalhadores desempregados que iam ao Sistema Nacional de Emprego (sine) de uma cidade do nordeste do Brasil. Aplicou-se um questionário estruturado com perguntas sobre estratégias objetivas e uma escala de enfrentamento. Os dados foram analisados por meio de uma análise fatorial confirmatória. As estratégias de sobrevivência e de reinserção profissional estão baseadas na ativação das redes de amigos e de familiares. Os fatores de enfrentamento predominantes foram a religiosidade e o planejamento. Níveis educativos menores foram preditores de uma maior utilização de estratégias religiosas. Os resultados contribuem para melhorar a compreensão do fenômeno do desemprego no nordeste do Brasil.</p>
Indacenodithiophene-benzothiadiazole organic field-effect transistors with gravure-printed semiconductor and dielectric on plastic
Authors: Higgins Stuart G. , Muir Beinn V. O. , Heeney Martin , Campbell Alasdair J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe demonstrate the gravure printing of a high-performance indacenodithiophene (IDT) copolymer, indacenodithiophene—benzothiadiazole (C16IDT-BT), onto self-aligned organic field-effect transistor architectures on flexible plastic substrates. We observed that the combination of a gravure-printed dielectric with gravure-printed semiconductor yielded devices with higher mean-effective mobility than devices manufactured using photolithographically patterned dielectric. Peak mobilities of μ = 0.1 cm2 V−1 s−1 were measured, and exceed previous reports for non-printed C16IDT-BT on non-flexible silicon substrates.
Radial Junction Architecture: A New Approach to Stable and Highly Efficient Silicon Thin Film Solar Cells
Authors: Misra S. , Foldyna M. , Florea I. , Yu L. , Roca i Cabarrocas P. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTIncorporation of properly designed nanostructures in solar cells improves light trapping and consequently their power conversion efficiencies. Due to its unique structure, a silicon nanowire (SiNW) matrix provides excellent light trapping and thus offers a promising approach for cost-effective, stable and efficient silicon thin film photovoltaics. Moreover, by decoupling the light absorption and carrier collection directions, radial junction solar cells built around the SiNWs allow the use of very thin active layers. As a matter of fact, radial PIN junctions with 9.2% power conversion efficiency have already been demonstrated on glass substrates with only 100 nm thick intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon layers. The most straightforward way to further improve the short circuit current density is to use an active layer with a lower band gap. In this work, the performances of devices with two different low band gap materials, e.g., hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) and hydrogenated amorphous silicon germanium alloy (a-SiGe:H) are presented. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a-SiGe:H radial junction solar cell.
Microstructure development of HfOx thin films
Authors: Chinaglia Eliane F. , Avanci Luis H. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTMorphological and crystallographic characteristics of HfOx with different oxygen concentrations (0 ≤ x ≤ 2.5) and thicknesses (18 nm ≤ t ≤ 310 nm) were analyzed in this work before and after thermal annealing at 700°C in N2 atmosphere for 1h. The morphology of the as-deposited, low oxygen concentration films (t = 100 nm) is formed by a well-defined granular structure with grains around 20 nm in diameter. For higher oxygen concentration, the roughness increases, as a consequence of a very porous surface morphology. At the same time, the crystallographic structure changes from HCP with a {0002} preferred orientation to an amorphous structure as oxygen concentration increases. As the thickness of the HfO2 films increases, we also observed the formation of a high surface porosity, with pore diameter ranging from 80 nm to 120 nm. The changes observed in morphology and crystallinity of the films, as we increase the concentration of contaminants, occurs because of the lowering of the adatoms surface diffusion, which prevents them from reaching lower energy points during the formation of the microstructure of the films. Furthermore, this lowered surface diffusion favors the process of grain renucleation, which leads to roughness increasing, and to an enhancement of the formation of porous surfaces. After annealing, all films exhibit the monoclinic crystallographic phase associated with HfO2. Surface morphology of the films is consistent with a polycrystalline structure with grain diameters varying between 10 nm and 200 nm. As their size increases, the grains become very faceted, a finding consistent with the improvement in film crystallinity. Our results suggest that long-time annealing promotes the diffusion of oxygen from the SiO2-Hf interface to the film, compensating any O2 deficit in the film. Formation of the monoclinic phase is also favored by the improvement in the film stoichiometry promoted by thermal treatment. Also, the critical size of the nuclei, associated with a grain growth in a particular crystallographic orientation, decreases as a consequence of the high temperature during thermal annealing. Therefore, formation of faceted grains and increasing of surface roughness are favored in thicker films.
Metformin Use Is Associated With Better Survival of Breast Cancer Patients With Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xu Hong , Chen Kai , Jia Xiaoyan , Tian Yali , Dai Yun , Li Dapeng , Xie Jing , Tao Min , Mao Yixiang 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Background.
Diabetic patients with breast cancer receiving metformin and neoadjuvant chemotherapy have a higher pathologic complete response rate than do diabetic patients not receiving metformin, but findings on salvage treatment have been inconsistent. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the effect of adding metformin to standard therapy on the prognosis of breast cancer patients with diabetes.

Methods.
We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science (Thomson Scientific), China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, VIP journal integration platform, and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database from inception to January 10, 2015, without language restrictions, including references related to metformin, breast cancer, and prognosis. We performed the meta-analysis using a random-effects model, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) as effect measures.

Results.
A total of 11 studies consisting of 5,464 breast cancer patients with diabetes were included, comprising 2,760 patients who had received metformin and 2,704 patients who had not. The meta-analysis showed that metformin was associated with better overall survival times (HR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.39-0.71) and cancer-specific survival times (HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.79-1.00). Subgroup analysis revealed that metformin improved the overall survival by 65% after adjusting for hormone receptor expression (HR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.15–0.84). Taking metformin after the diagnosis of breast cancer was still associated with prolonged overall survival.

Conclusion.
The use of metformin in standard cancer therapy might improve both overall and cancer-specific survivals of diabetic patients with breast cancer.

Implications for Practice:
Diabetic patients with breast cancer receiving metformin and neoadjuvant chemotherapy have a higher pathologic complete response rate than diabetic patients not receiving metformin, but findings on salvage treatment have been inconsistent. The meta-analysis showed that metformin was associated with better overall survival times and cancer-specific survival times. Subgroup analysis revealed that metformin improved the overall survival by 65% after adjusting for hormone receptor expression. Taking metformin after the diagnosis of breast cancer was still associated with prolonged overall survival. The findings of this study highlight the potential usage of metformin in diabetic patients with breast cancer.
Balancing Safety and Efficacy of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors in Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: Iberri David J. , Colevas A. Dimitrios 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in more than 80% of squamous cell cancers of the head and neck (SCCHN). An evolving understanding of the role of EGFR in tumorigenesis has made the receptor an important therapeutic target in SCCHN. Several EGFR inhibitors (EGFRIs) are active in SCCHN, and their use is associated with improvement in progression-free survival and overall survival in various treatment settings. Nevertheless, EGFR inhibition is associated with significant mucocutaneous toxicity that must be balanced against its anticipated efficacy. This review summarizes the relevant clinical trial experience with EGFRIs, with attention to efficacy, toxicity, and methods of selecting patients most likely to benefit from therapy.
Autonomia Criativa em Educação a Distância: Uso do Flipsnack em um Curso de Ciências Biológicas
Authors: Paixão Germana Costa , Henriques Ana Ciléia Pinto Teixeira , Branco Francisco Fábio Castelo , Vidal Eloisa Maia , Arruda Filho José Nelson 
Published: October 2015

A aprendizagem autônoma é um dos fundamentos da educação a distância. Recursos tecnológicos importantes que permitem o desenvolvimento do poder de decisão e utilização de estratégias criativas devem ser estimulados para os alunos. Este é um estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa que descreve as experiências iniciais e as percepções de tutores sobre as dificuldades apresentadas pelos alunos com o uso de flipsnack, uma ferramenta que permite a criação e publicação de e-books, focando o desenvolvimento da criatividade e autonomia. Acredita-se que esta ferramenta vai contribuir para a formação acadêmica, oferecendo oportunidades para o desenvolvimento da autonomia criativa e seu papel fundamental na sua prática de ensino profissional. Palavras-chave: Ensino; Educação a distância; Educação superior; Tecnologia da educação; Autonomia profissional. Creative Autonomy in Distance Education: Flipsnack Use in a Biological Sciences CourseAbstract Autonomous learning is one of the foundations of distance education (DE). Important technological features that allow the development of power of decision and the use of creative strategies must be stimulating for the students. This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach that describes the initial experiences and tutors perceptions of difficulties presented by students with use of flipsnack, a tool that permits the creation and publication of e-books, which focuses on the development of creativity and autonomy. It is believed that this tool will contribute to academic training, providing opportunities for the development of creative autonomy and its fundamental role in their professional teaching practice. Keywords: Teaching; Distance education; Higher education; Education Technology; Professional Autonomy.