bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcomes of two-stage revision arthroplasty using a spiked tibial cement spacer in infected total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Park Ki-Bong , Kim Jong-Min , Lee Bum-Sik , Kim Min-Seok , Park Jae-Hwan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
A tibial cement spacer (TCS) with spikes offers better initial stability than a conventional TCS and reduces spacer-related problems in two-stage revision total knee arthroplasty (R-TKA) for infection. We compared the clinical outcomes of two-stage revision arthroplasty for infected TKA using spiked TCS with that of conventional TCS.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 29 patients who underwent two-stage revision arthroplasty using an articulating cement spacer and who could be followed up for at least one year. Group S comprised 14 patients using spiked TCS, whereas Group C comprised 15 patients using conventional TCS. Demographic data, the interval from first to second stage revision, motion arc, numerical rating scale (NRS), Knee Society (KS) score, serum levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP), and frequency of repeating the first-stage and infection recurrence after R-TKA between the groups were analyzed.

Results
No significant differences were observed in the female ratio and mean age between both groups. The mean interval between the first and second stage revision was significantly shorter in Group S than in Group C. The mean motion arc was significantly larger in Group S than in Group C. The mean NRS was significantly lower in Group S than in Group C. The mean KS score in Group S was significantly higher than that in Group C. Serum ESR and CRP levels did not differ between the groups. The frequency of repeating the first stage was lower in Group S than in Group C. However, the recurrence rate after R-TKA was higher in Group S than in Group C.

Conclusion
Compared with conventional TCS, spiked TCS shortened the period until R-TKA and improved pain and function levels. However, no significant difference existed in the rate of infection recurrence after R-TKA.
Spatio-temporal migratory patterns, habitat crossing and within-individual movement repeatability of Central Mediterranean European Rollers Coracias garrulus
Authors: Monti Flavio , Cannarella Sebastian , Ćiković Davor , Tutiš Vesna , Kralj Jelena , Catoni Carlo , Barišić Sanja 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Populations of long-distance migratory species may exhibit dissimilarities in the leeway of scheduled annual migration programs, the routes they follow and their convergence at ecological barriers. The aim of this study was to fill the current geographical gap, spanning over 1,100 km longitudinally between southern France and eastern Austria, in the pan-European assessment of the migration ecology of the European Roller Coracias garrulus, and contribute to completing the puzzle of spatio-temporal patterns of migration, stopover and wintering at the Western-Palearctic scale for this species. We utilized high-resolution GPS tracking data from adult Rollers breeding in Italy and Croatia, tracked on their intercontinental seasonal journeys between 2018 and 2022 and modelled the variation of migratory components both at individual and population levels. Rollers from the Central Mediterranean exhibited a clockwise spring migration loop, following a Central African migration route and wintering across a wide longitudinal belt spanning from Namibia to Mozambique. Northern savannah zones were used as long stopovers, both in autumn (Chad/Sudan) and spring (Central African Republic/Cameroon). The probability of movement was significantly higher during the night and in spring. Migration speed varied according to season (> in spring) and the habitat crossed (sea > desert > rainforest > savannah). Individuals tracked in successive years showed high consistency of key migratory parameters and partial winter home ranges overlap, in contrast with the large variability of migratory parameters at the population level. This work bridges the current geographical gap of Roller migration ecology at the European level and helps meet conservation needs at the scale of the species’ flyway, with new ecological information valuable for the implementation of International Single Species Action Plans (ISSAP) dedicated to the Roller.

Significance statement
Tracking studies help to disentangle intraspecific variation in migratory strategies and wintering destinations among populations, as well as investigate individual-level decisions taken en route across seasonal journeys. By GPS tracking the intercontinental migration of adult Rollers we found that spatio-temporal components of migratory and flight strategy largely depend on extrinsic factors such as daytime, season and the habitat they traversed, and vary at population level. In contrast, within-individual consistency in migratory and wintering patterns emerged across years. Our findings emphasize the need for effective conservation strategies at the flyway scale.
Local conditions modulated the effects of marine heatwaves on coral bleaching in subtropical Hong Kong waters
Authors: Chung Tzu Hao , Dellisanti Walter , Lai Keng Po , Wu Jiajun , Qiu Jian-Wen , Chan Leo Lai 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA mass coral bleaching event occurred in the summer of 2022 in subtropical Hong Kong, driven by two marine heatwaves (MHWs) with high intensities of 1.56 and 0.86 °C above a mean climate condition, both MHWs 7 days with a short gap of 4 days during the strong La Niña year. A transect survey was conducted at nine study sites in three regions, which revealed widespread coral bleaching with bleached coral cover ranging from 2.4 to 70.3%. In situ environmental data revealed the presence of a thermocline and halocline. Local conditions, including depth and wave exposure, significantly influenced the bleaching response. Shallow-water (2–4 m) corals were primarily affected, particularly in sheltered and moderately sheltered sites that exhibited higher levels of bleached coral cover (42.97 ± 15.4% and 44.93 ± 29.4%, respectively) compared to the exposed sites (31.8 ± 5.2%). Bleaching in deep waters (4–6 m) was minimal, with only a few colonies of Goniopora at two of the three sheltered sites exhibiting bleaching (1.7 ± 1.5%). Heat stress resistance differed between coral genera. Recovery rate for four common coral genera is low for Acropora tumida. Additionally, a minor hypoxia event was found to cause mortality of non-coral benthos at a sheltered site (Sharp Island). These findings highlight the alarming impact of extreme heatwaves on subtropical coral communities and underscore the importance of monitoring coral bleaching.
The Robust Chromatic Number of Graphs
Authors: Bacsó Gábor , Patkós Balázs , Tuza Zsolt , Vizer Máté 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA 1-removed subgraph $$G_f$$

G
f

of a graph $$G=(V,E)$$

G
=
(
V
,
E
)

is obtained by

(i)

selecting at most one edge f(v) for each vertex $$v\in V$$

v
∈
V

, such that $$v\in f(v)\in E$$

v
∈
f
(
v
)
∈
E

(the mapping $$f:V\rightarrow E \cup \{\varnothing \}$$

f
:
V
→
E
∪
{
∅
}

is allowed to be non-injective), and

(ii)

deleting all the selected edges f(v) from the edge set E of G.

Proper vertex colorings of 1-removed subgraphs proved to be a useful tool for earlier research on some Turán-type problems. In this paper, we introduce a systematic investigation of the graph invariant 1-robust chromatic number, denoted as $$\chi _1(G)$$

χ
1

(
G
)

. This invariant is defined as the minimum chromatic number $$\chi (G_f)$$

χ
(

G
f

)

among all 1-removed subgraphs $$G_f$$

G
f

of G. We also examine other standard graph invariants in a similar manner.
On the suitability of a convolutional neural network based RCM-emulator for fine spatio-temporal precipitation
Authors: Doury Antoine , Somot Samuel , Gadat Sebastien 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHigh resolution regional climate models (RCM) are necessary to capture local precipitation but are too expensive to fully explore the uncertainties associated with future projections. To resolve the large cost of RCMs, Doury et al. (2023) proposed a neural network based RCM-emulator for the near-surface temperature, at a daily and 12 km-resolution. It uses existing RCM simulations to learn the relationship between low-resolution predictors and high resolution surface variables. When trained the emulator can be applied to any low resolution simulation to produce ensembles of high resolution emulated simulations. This study assesses the suitability of applying the RCM-emulator for precipitation thanks to a novel asymmetric loss function to reproduce the entire precipitation distribution over any grid point. Under a perfect conditions framework, the resulting emulator shows striking ability to reproduce the RCM original series with an excellent spatio-temporal correlation. In particular, a very good behaviour is obtained for the two tails of the distribution, measured by the number of dry days and the 99th quantile. Moreover, it creates consistent precipitation objects even if the highest frequency details are missed. The emulator quality holds for all simulations of the same RCM, with any driving GCM, ensuring transferability of the tool to GCMs never downscaled by the RCM. A first showcase of downscaling GCM simulations showed that the RCM-emulator brings significant added-value with respect to the GCM as it produces the correct high resolution spatial structure and heavy precipitation intensity. Nevertheless, further work is needed to establish a relevant evaluation framework for GCM applications.
Metabolic alkalosis: a new red flag in status epilepticus
Authors: Misirocchi Francesco , Quintard Hervé , Seeck Margitta , De Stefano Pia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Status epilepticus (SE) is a heterogeneous neurological emergency with significant variability in prognosis, influenced by underlying disease and pathophysiological context. Acid–base disturbances are common in critically ill patients, yet their distribution and impact in SE patients remain poorly understood.

Methods
This was an observational cohort study including non-hypoxic SE patients with available blood gas analysis within the first 24 h of SE, treated at the University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland between 2015 and 2023. Acid–base disturbances were classified using the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation, with prevalent metabolic alkalosis confirmed through the Stewart approach. Primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge, and return to premorbid neurologic function.

Findings
Among 540 SE patients, 365 were included. Half of patients exhibited acid–base disturbances within the initial 24 h of SE, with metabolic and respiratory acidosis being the most prevalent, though not prognostically significant. After correction for possible confounders, metabolic alkalosis (6%) was associated with increased in-hospital mortality (P = 0.011; OR = 4.87, 95% CI = 1.29–7.84), worse GOS (P = 0.012; OR = 3.18, 95% CI = 1.29–7.84), and reduced likelihood of returning to premorbid function (P = 0.017; OR = 3.30, CI95% = 1.24–8.80). Following the Stewart approach, 9% of patients had predominant metabolic alkalosis, associated with worse GOS (P = 0.005; OR:3.37, 95%CI = 1.45–7.82), and reduced chance of returning to baseline (P = 0.012; OR = 3.29, CI95% = 1.30–8.32). Metabolic alkalosis was related to hypoalbuminemia and lower serum potassium.

Conclusion
Metabolic alkalosis strongly predicts mortality and adverse functional outcome in SE patients. Prospective studies should assess whether early detection and correction of metabolic alkalosis and related electrolyte imbalances can improve SE prognosis.
Role of liver augmentation prior to hepatic resection – a survey on standards, procedures, and indications in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria
Authors: Yilmaz Elif , Torsello Giovanni F. , Hosseini Ali Seif Amir , Zygmunt Anne-Christine , Lorf Thomas , Keck Jan , Schild-Suhren Stina , Wellge Björn , Oberhuber Rupert , Kollmar Otto , Ghadimi Michael , Bösch Florian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
For primary and secondary liver tumors oncological resection remains a chance of cure. Augmentation of functional liver tissue may be necessary to preserve sufficient future liver remnant (FLR). Clinical decision-making on liver augmentation techniques and indications may differ internationally. Thus, this study aims to identify standards of liver augmentation in hepato-pancreatico-biliary (HPB) centers in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria.

Methods
Using a web-based survey, 48 hospitals in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria were invited to report their surgical indication, standard procedures, and results of liver augmentation.

Results
Forty (83.3%) of the hospitals invited participated. Most of the hospitals were certified liver centers (55%), performing complex surgeries such as liver transplantation (57.5%) and ALPPS (80%). The standard liver augmentation technique in all countries was portal vein embolization (PVE; 56%), followed by ALPPS (32.1%) in Germany or PVE with hepatic vein embolization (33.3%) in Switzerland and Austria. Standard procedure for liver augmentation did not correlate with certification as liver center, performance of liver transplantation or ALPPS. Surgical indication for PVE varied depending on tumor entity. Most hospitals rated the importance of PVE before resection of cholangiocarcinoma or colorectal metastases as high, while PVE for hepatocellular carcinoma was rated as low.

Conclusion
The survey gives an overview of the clinical routine in HPB centers in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. PVE seems to dominate as standard technique to increase the FLR. However, there is a variety in the main indication for liver augmentation. Further studies are necessary evaluating the differing PVE techniques for liver augmentation.
Garcinol in gastrointestinal cancer prevention: recent advances and future prospects
Authors: Patwa Nitika , Chauhan Ritu , Chauhan Abhishek , Kumar Manoj , Ramniwas Seema , Mathkor Darin Mansor , Saini Adesh Kumar , Tuli Hardeep Singh , Haque Shafiul , Slama Petr 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGastrointestinal cancers continue to pose a significant global health challenge, with millions of new cases diagnosed each year. Despite advancements in treatment, the prognosis for many patients remains poor. This article explores the potential of garcinol, a polyisoprenylated benzophenone found in various Garcinia species, as a therapeutic agent against gastrointestinal malignancies. The objective is to review recent research on garcinol’s anticancer properties, its mechanisms of action, and safety aspects. Garcinol exhibits anticancer effects in esophageal, gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, and liver cancers by inhibiting metastasis, inducing apoptosis, and targeting key molecular pathways in cancer progression. Nanotechnology is explored as a means to enhance garcinol delivery and efficacy. Safety assessments suggest a promising toxicity profile. Garcinol shows significant potential as a natural therapeutic agent for gastrointestinal cancers, and future research is needed on optimizing its delivery, exploring synergistic combinations, and conducting clinical trials to validate its efficacy and safety for clinical applications.
Exploring the impact of body mass index on tumor biology and cancer development
Authors: Ahrenfeldt Johanne , Carstensen Stine , Eriksen Ida Maria Hemdorff , Birkbak Nicolai Juul 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Cancer continues to be a major global health challenge, affecting millions of individuals and placing substantial burdens on healthcare systems worldwide. Recent research suggests a complex relationship between obesity and cancer, with obesity increasing the risk of various cancers while potentially improving outcomes for diagnosed patients, a phenomenon termed the "obesity paradox". In this study, we used a cohort of 1781 patients to investigate the impact of obesity on tumor characteristics, including gene expression, pathway dysfunction, genetic alterations and immune infiltration.

Methods
Patient samples spanned 10 different cancer types, and were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas, with annotations for body mass index (BMI), age, sex, tumor size and tumor gene expression data.

Results
When we compared the proportion of large (T3–T4) to small tumors (T1–T2) between obese and non-obese patients, we found that obese patients tended to present with smaller, less invasive tumors and exhibited distinct gene expression profiles, particularly in metabolic and proliferative pathways. Moreover, smaller tumors in obese patients show higher immune cell infiltration and increased T cell diversity, suggesting enhanced immune activity.

Conclusion
Taken together, these findings highlight the influence of obesity on tumor biology, with implications for personalized treatment strategies that consider patient physiology alongside tumor characteristics.
Early postoperative outcomes following bariatric surgery in the United States: Are racial disparities improving?
Authors: Mustian Margaux N. , Naik Gurudatta , Wood Lauren , Wong Kristen , Stahl Richard , Grams Jayleen , Chu Daniel I. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Bariatric surgery offers effective treatment for morbid obesity and associated medical comorbidities, with excellent short- and long-term outcomes. Although it has been well documented that racial minority bariatric patients have worse outcomes than White patients, it remains unclear whether this recognition has led to improvement. Herein, we assess recent trends in bariatric surgery among Black and White patients and compare early postoperative outcomes by race.

Methods
Primary sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) patients from 2015 to 2021 reported to the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program were studied. Bariatric patients were stratified by race (Black and White) and perioperative outcomes were compared between matched Black and White patients. Primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes included hospital readmissions, hospital length of stay (LOS), reoperation, and postoperative complications.

Results
Overall, there were 193,071 Black and 645,224 White primary bariatric patients, with a higher volume of SG and RGYB performed among White patients. A total of 219,566 Black and White bariatric patients were matched and included in the case–control. Black patients were found to have higher rates of 30-day mortality (0.02% vs. 0.01%; p = 0.03) and readmissions (3.68% vs. 2.65%; p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in LOS, reoperations, or overall postoperative complications. However, there was a higher postoperative pulmonary thromboembolism rate (0.16% vs 0.08%; p < 0.001).). The differences in perioperative outcomes stratified by race persisted over the study period (Fig. 1).

Conclusion
Black bariatric surgery patients continue to have worse perioperative outcomes compared with their White counterparts. Further work must be done to determine contributing factors in order to effect improvement in outcomes in bariatric surgical care for racial minority patients.
Localization and activity of lipoxygenase in the ovule of Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr. during female gametophyte maturation
Authors: Seta-Koselska Aleksandra , Szczuka Ewa , Koselski Mateusz 
Published: July 2024

Key message
Lipoxygenase activity and localization vary throughout the development of Larix kaempferi ovules, with the highest enzyme activity observed in ovules at the cellular stage and the most intense immunogold reaction noted at the mature archegonium stage of gametophyte development.

Abstract
Lipoxygenases are a family of oxidoreductases with a significant role in biological systems, widespread in living organisms e.g. mammals, fish, corals, plants, mosses, algae, fungi, yeasts, and bacteria. Lipoxygenase activity in plants leads to the formation of phytooxylipins, i.e. signaling molecules, which play a crucial role in many significant physiological processes such as male and female gametophyte maturation, germination and seedling growth, pathogen resistance, abiotic stress response, fruit ripening, and senescence. The activity and localization of lipoxygenase change during plant growth and development. The localization of lipoxygenase in a developing ovule of Larix kaempferi was analyzed using the immunogold labeling method, and the activity was determined spectrophotometrically with linolenic acid as a substrate. Among the investigated stages, the immunogold reaction was the most intense at the mature archegonium stage in the ovule. Lipoxygenase was found in all parts of the L. kaempferi ovule. The largest number of immunogold particles was detected in the integument cells of all the analyzed stages of ovule development. Only one isoform of lipoxygenase with an optimum at pH 8 was active in the ovules during female gametophyte maturation. The highest enzyme activity was determined at the cellular stage, whereas the mature archegonium stage was characterized by its lowest level, which means that LOX activity in developing ovules of the Japanese larch is not correlated with the number of antibody-labeled molecules of the enzyme.
Inter-America meridional circulation and boreal summer climate
Authors: Jury Mark R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAtmospheric convection across the northern inter-Americas is modulated by trade-wind subsidence and subtropical easterly waves from June to October. Northward migration of the equatorial trough is coupled to the meridional circulation (MC) and surface temperatures above 27ºC. Forming a MC index via S-N height sections of total and anomalous streamfunction, statistical relationships are examined which focus on Jun-Oct season when the South American monsoon is quiescent. Both east Pacific and tropical north Atlantic exhibit cool ocean – dry atmosphere response to an intensified MC. During periods of faster MC, composite humidity is depleted over the Caribbean 10–25 N in conjunction with westerly wind shear, thereby limiting atmospheric convection. The ocean response to intensified MC is evaporative cooling and a deep layer of increased salinity in the Caribbean, that may sustain anomalous air-sea interactions. Long-term trends reveal intensification of the MC in boreal summer: rising over the Amazon, subsiding over the Caribbean, inter-connected by lower and upper airflows. The annually pulsed MC conspires with inter-decadal trends to produce many of the features presented.