bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity and Specificity of the Phallometric Test for Hebephilia
Authors: Cantor James M. , McPhail Ian V. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Introduction
The phallometric test has been examined most widely in the literature with regard to its ability to detect pedophilia; however, it has become of increasing interest to clinicians and researchers to ascertain to what extent the test accurately detects hebephilia: Whereas pedophilia refers to an adult's sexual interest in prepubescent children (age 10 or younger, on average), hebephilia refers to an adult's sexual interest in pubescent children (ages 11–14, on average).

Aim
The aim of this study was to estimate the accuracy of volumetric phallometry in distinguishing pedophilic men and hebephilic men from men who are teleiophilic (primarily sexually interested in adults, age 17 or older).

Methods
A retrospective chart review was conducted on the cumulate database of a large phallometric laboratory and clinic to identify a group of 239 men who committed sexual offenses against extrafamilial adults age 17 or older and a group of 996 men who committed sexual offenses against extrafamilial children age 14 or younger, all of whom professed a greater sexual interest in adults over children.

Main Outcome Measures
The sensitivity and specificity of the phallometric test is calculated for its accuracy in distinguishing sexual preferences for children spanning various age ranges.

Results
Receiver operator characteristic curves were highly significant for each classification decision: Using its previously established cut-point of +0.25 standard deviation (SD) units, the phallometric test detected hebephilia with a sensitivity and specificity of 70.0% and 90.7%, detected pedophilia with 46.9% and 100%, and detected pedohebephilia with 75.3% and 90.7%. At a new cut-point of +0.0 SD units, the sensitivity and specificity of the test for pedophilia was 71.9% and 95.3%.

Conclusions
Volumetric phallometry significantly distinguishes teleiophilic sex offenders from each of pedophilic, hebephilic, and pedohebephilic sex offenders and can serve as a reliable diagnostic test of sexual age preference among men who deny sexual interest in children.
Dramatic increase in sea otter mortality from white sharks in California
Authors: Tinker M. Tim , Hatfield Brian B. , Harris Michael D. , Ames Jack A. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAlthough southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) are not considered prey for white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias), sharks do nonetheless bite sea otters. We analyzed spatial and temporal trends in shark bites on sea otters in California, assessing the frequency of shark bite wounds in 1,870 carcasses collected since 1985. The proportion of stranded sea otters having shark bites has increased sharply since 2003, and white shark bites now account for >50% of recovered carcasses. The trend was most pronounced in the southern part of the range, from Estero Bay to Point Conception, where shark bite frequency has increased eightfold. Seasonal trends were also evident: most shark‐bitten carcasses are recovered in late summer and fall; however, the period of elevated shark bite frequency has lengthened. The causes of these trends are unclear, but possible contributing factors include increased white shark abundance and/or changes in white shark behavior and distribution. In particular, the spatiotemporal patterns of shark‐bitten sea otters match increases in pinniped populations, and the increased availability of marine mammal prey for white sharks may have led to more sharks spending more time in nearshore waters utilized by both sea otters and pinnipeds.
Glycaemic control is a predictor of infection‐related hospitalization on haemodialysis patients: Miyazaki Dialysis Cohort study (MID study)
Authors: Toida Tatsunori , Sato Yuji , Nakagawa Hideto , Komatsu Hiroyuki , Kikuchi Masao , Uezono Shigehiro , Yamada Kazuhiro , Ishihara Tabito , Hisanaga Shuichi , Kitamura Kazuo , Fujimoto Shouichi 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAimAlthough infection is the second leading cause of death in maintenance haemodialysis patients, the effects of glycaemic control on infection in diabetic haemodialysis patients have not yet been examined in detail. We examined the relationship between diabetes or glycemic control and infection‐related hospitalization (IRH) in haemodialysis patients.MethodsPatients receiving maintenance haemodialysis (n = 1551, 493 diabetic patients) were enrolled in this prospective cohort study in December 2009 and followed‐up for 3 years. IRH during the follow‐up period was abstracted from medical records. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to investigate the relationship between diabetes or glycaemic control and IRH.ResultsThe Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that the risk of IRH was significantly higher in haemodialysis patients with diabetes, particularly in those with poorly controlled HbA1c levels (HbA1c ≥ 7.0%), than in haemodialysis patients without diabetes. When patients with ≥HbA1c 7.0% were divided into two groups using a median value of HbA1c, the risk of IRH was significantly higher in those with the poorest glycaemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7.4%), an older age, or lower albumin levels. The multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratio for the risk of IRH was not higher in the second criteria of HbA1c (HbA1c 7.0–7.3%), but was significantly higher in the group with the poorest glycaemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7.4%) than in those in the good control criterion (HbA1c < 7.0%).ConclusionsAlthough diabetes is a risk factor for IRH among maintenance haemodialysis patients, the relationship between glycaemic control and the risk of infection is not linear. Therefore, the risk of infection may increase in a manner that is dependent on the glycaemic control threshold.
Effect of colestilan on serum phosphorus in dialysis patients: A meta‐analysis of the literature
Authors: Zhang Qian , Li Ming , Chen Jing 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAimTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of colestilan as a phosphorus binder in dialysis patients, we performed a meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials.MethodsWe retrieved studies that compared colestilan with placebo in the treatment of dialysis patients from Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and conference proceedings.ResultsFour studies were included. The treatment durations ranged from 2 to 12 weeks, median 7.5 weeks. Compared with placebo group, colestilan significantly decreased serum phosphorus (WMD, −0.22 mmol/L; 95% CI, −0.33 to −0.12, P < 0.0001), calcium phosphorus product (WMD, −0.70 mmol2/L2; 95% CI, −1.06 to −0.35, P = 0.0001), intact PTH (WMD, −5.37 pmol/L; 95% CI, −8.38 to −2.36, P = 0.0005) and LDL cholesterol (WMD, −0.78 mmol/L; 95% CI, −0.85 to −0.71, P < 0.00001). There was no significant difference in serum calcium between the two groups. Colestilan therapy increased gastrointestinal complaints significantly (OR = 4.07, 95% CI: 3.06–6.53, P < 0.00001). Sensitivity analysis was performed by excluding studies with Jadad score of three or 3 g/day colestilan, the results did not change.ConclusionsShort‐term administration of colestilan is effective for the treatment of hyperphosphataemia in dialysis patients. Long‐term effectiveness and safety needs to be evaluated.
Characterization of the placoderm (Gnathostomata) assemblage from the tetrapod‐bearing locality of Strud (Belgium, upper Famennian)
Authors: Olive Sébastien , Clément Gaël , Daeschler Edward B. , Dupret Vincent 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe placoderm fauna of the late Famennian tetrapod‐bearing locality of Strud, Belgium, is studied on the basis of historical and newly collected material. It includes the previously described antiarch Grossilepis rikiki, the groenlandaspidid Turrisaspis strudensis sp. nov. and the actinolepidoideid Phyllolepis undulata. P. undulata is thoroughly described and joins the list of the valid Phyllolepis species confidently diagnosed. A morphometrical analysis performed on the centronuchal and anterior ventrolateral plates of the Phyllolepis material demonstrates that there is only one species of Phyllolepis in Belgium (thus, Phyllolepis konincki becomes a junior synonym of P. undulata), that P. rossimontina (Pennsylvania) is a synonym of P. undulata and that the unity of the genus Phyllolepis is strongly supported, although the characterization of several species within this genus is blurred. The strong resemblance between the faunal compositions in Strud and Red Hill (Pennsylvania, USA) suggests important faunal exchanges between these regions of the Euramerica landmass.
Open Skies over the Middle East
Authors: Cristea Anca D. , Hillberry Russell , Mattoo Aaditya 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe dynamism of air traffic markets in the Middle East obscures the persistence of restrictions on international competition. But how important are such restrictions for passenger traffic? This paper uses detailed data on worldwide passenger aviation to estimate the effect of air transport policy on international air traffic. The policy variable is a quantitative measure of the commitments under international agreements. The paper analyses, for the first time, not only bilateral agreements, but also plurilateral agreements such as the one among Arab states. The analysis finds that more liberal policy is associated with greater passenger traffic between countries. Higher traffic levels appear to be driven by larger numbers of city‐pairs being served, as well as by more passengers travelling along given routes. To demonstrate the quantitative implication of the estimates, two liberalisation scenarios in the Middle East are evaluated. Deepening the plurilateral agreement among Arab states would lead to a 30 per cent increase in intraregional passenger traffic. Widening the agreement to include Turkey would generate significantly larger gains because current policy vis‐à‐vis Turkey is much more restrictive.
Effect of 6–8 weeks of oral ursodeoxycholic acid administration on serum concentrations of fasting and postprandial bile acids and biochemical analytes in healthy dogs
Authors: Deitz Krysta L. , Makielski Kelly M. , Williams Jackie M. , Lin Hui , Morrison Jo Ann 
Published: August 2015

BackgroundUrsodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is commonly used for the treatment of hepatobiliary disease.UDCAis a bile acid that can be detected in the bile acid assay. Its effect on biochemical analytes is unknown.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of 6–8 weeks ofUDCAadministration on fasting and postprandial concentrations of serum bile acids (SBA), cholesterol, triglycerides, bilirubin, and liver enzyme activities in healthy dogs.MethodsTwenty healthy dogs receivedUDCAfor 6–8 weeks.CBC, biochemistry profile, urinalysis, fasting and postprandialSBA, and hepatobiliary ultrasound examination were performed prior to startingUDCA(timepoint 0) and after 6–8 weeks of therapy, while animals were still receivingUDCA(timepoint 1). Timepoint 0 and timepoint 1 values were compared with a pairedt‐test.SBAwere remeasured 72 hours afterUDCAdiscontinuation.ResultsOnly mean fastingSBAat timepoint 1 increased significantly (P = .03) from timepoint 0 (2.26 μmol/L at time 0 and 3.81 μmol/L at time 1) but were not elevated above the normal reference interval (0–9 μmol/L). Two dogs had timepoint 1 fastingSBAabove the reference interval (10 and 11.7 μmol/L). One dog had timepoint 1 postprandialSBAabove the reference interval at 20.1 μmol/L (reference interval 0–17 μmol/L). RepeatSBA72 hours afterUDCAdiscontinuation were normal.ConclusionsLong‐term administration ofUDCAto healthy dogs may increase fastingSBAabove pretreatment values (typically within the reference interval). Long‐term administration ofUDCAto healthy dogs does not alter liver enzyme activities, and bilirubin, cholesterol, or triglyceride concentrations.
A small‐scale open‐label study of the treatment of canine flea allergy dermatitis with fluralaner
Authors: Fisara Petr , Shipstone Michael , von Berky Andrew , von Berky Janet 
Published: August 2015

BackgroundFluralaner is an isoxazoline systemic insecticide and acaricide that provides persistent flea‐killing activity on dogs for 12 weeks. European and US field studies have shown that fluralaner treatment alleviates the signs of flea allergy dermatitis (FAD) in client‐owned dogs.Hypothesis/ObjectiveTo assess the clinical response in FAD affected dogs over the 12‐week period following a single oral fluralaner treatment.AnimalsTwenty client‐owned dogs were diagnosed with FAD on the basis of compatible clinical signs and a positive response in flea antigen tests, using intradermal and or serological methods.MethodsAn open‐label small‐scale study with all dogs receiving a single oral fluralaner treatment. All enrolled dogs were diagnosed with FAD and then clinically monitored at 4‐week intervals for 12 weeks. Twenty dogs completed the study.ResultsAll dogs were flea‐free at all post‐treatment assessments except for one dog that had a single flea at the first post‐enrollment assessment at 4 weeks. At the 4‐week post‐treatment assessment active FAD signs had resolved in all dogs; at 8 weeks post‐treatment, two dogs showed mild signs. All clinical signs of FAD had resolved at the final assessment of 12 weeks after treatment.Conclusions and clinical importanceA single administration of fluralaner alleviated or resolved signs associated with FAD in all treated dogs over the recommended 12‐week treatment period.
Negative experiences and predonation blood pressure at the subsequent donation in blood donors
Authors: Hoogerwerf M. D. , Veldhuizen I. J. T. , van den Hurk K. , de Kort W. L. A. M. , Sluiter J. K. , Frings‐Dresen M. H. W. 
Published: August 2015

BackgroundNegative donation experiences, like being deferred or experiencing an adverse reaction, might upset blood donors, resulting in anticipatory stress responses such as elevated blood pressure at the subsequent visit. We therefore explored associations between blood donors’ negative donation experiences and their blood pressure at the subsequent visit.Study Design and MethodsBlood pressure of donors with no history of negative experiences in three consecutive donations was compared to the blood pressure of donors with a negative experience during the second of the three donations. Blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) measured prior to the third donation was compared between the two groups, using linear regression analyses. Two types of negative experiences (adverse reactions and deferral) were analysed, stratifying for donation type and sex, and adjusting for age and predonation blood pressure at baseline.ResultsIn total, 248 118 (50% female) donors were included in the analyses. Eleven per cent (26 380 donors, 61% female) had experienced a negative experience. Fainting and dizziness were associated with significant (P < 0·05) increases in systolic blood pressure: in men, 3·0 mmHg (fainting) and 2·0 mmHg (dizziness); in women, 2·0 mmHg (fainting) and 1·4 mmHg (dizziness). Deferral was associated with significant (P < 0·05) increases in both systolic (men: 0·7 mmHg, women: 0·3 mmHg) and diastolic (men: 0·2 mmHg, women: 0·3 mmHg) blood pressure.ConclusionWhole blood donations with negative experiences were associated with a statistically significant higher predonation blood pressure at the subsequent visit. This indicates that negative experiences might cause an anticipatory stress reaction in a subsequent donation.
Technical Note: On the calculation of stopping‐power ratio for stoichiometric calibration in proton therapy
Authors: Ödén Jakob , Zimmerman Jens , Bujila Robert , Nowik Patrik , Poludniowski Gavin 
Published: August 2015

Purpose:The quantitative effects of assumptions made in the calculation of stopping‐power ratios (SPRs) are investigated, for stoichiometric CT calibration in proton therapy. The assumptions investigated include the use of the Bethe formula without correction terms, Bragg additivity, the choice of I‐value for water, and the data source for elemental I‐values.Methods:The predictions of the Bethe formula for SPR (no correction terms) were validated against more sophisticated calculations using the srim software package for 72 human tissues. A stoichiometric calibration was then performed at our hospital. SPR was calculated for the human tissues using either the assumption of simple Bragg additivity or the Seltzer‐Berger rule (as used in ICRU Reports 37 and 49). In each case, the calculation was performed twice: First, by assuming the I‐value of water was an experimentally based value of 78 eV (value proposed in Errata and Addenda for ICRU Report 73) and second, by recalculating the I‐value theoretically. The discrepancy between predictions using ICRU elemental I‐values and the commonly used tables of Janni was also investigated.Results:Errors due to neglecting the correction terms to the Bethe formula were calculated at less than 0.1% for biological tissues. Discrepancies greater than 1%, however, were estimated due to departures from simple Bragg additivity when a fixed I‐value for water was imposed. When the I‐value for water was calculated in a consistent manner to that for tissue, this disagreement was substantially reduced. The difference between SPR predictions when using Janni's or ICRU tables for I‐values was up to 1.6%. Experimental data used for materials of relevance to proton therapy suggest that the ICRU‐derived values provide somewhat more accurate results (root‐mean‐square‐error: 0.8% versus 1.6%).Conclusions:The conclusions from this study are that (1) the Bethe formula can be safely used for SPR calculations without correction terms; (2) simple Bragg additivity can be reasonably assumed for compound materials; (3) if simple Bragg additivity is assumed, then the I‐value for water should be calculated in a consistent manner to that of the tissue of interest (rather than using an experimentally derived value); (4) the ICRU Report 37 I‐values may provide a better agreement with experiment than Janni's tables.
An investigation of kV CBCT image quality and dose reduction for volume‐of‐interest imaging using dynamic collimation
Authors: Parsons David , Robar James L. 
Published: August 2015

Purpose:The focus of this work was to investigate the improvements in image quality and dose reduction for volume‐of‐interest (VOI) kilovoltage‐cone beam CT (CBCT) using dynamic collimation.Methods:A prototype iris aperture was used to track a VOI during a CBCT acquisition. The current aperture design is capable of 1D translation as a function of gantry angle and dynamic adjustment of the iris radius. The aperture occupies the location of the bow‐tie filter on a Varian On‐Board Imager system. CBCT and planar image quality were investigated as a function of aperture radius, while maintaining the same dose to the VOI, for a 20 cm diameter cylindrical water phantom with a 9 mm diameter bone insert centered on isocenter. Corresponding scatter‐to‐primary ratios (SPR) were determined at the detector plane with Monte Carlo simulation using EGSnrc. Dose distributions for various sizes VOI were modeled using a dynamic BEAMnrc library and DOSXYZnrc. The resulting VOI dose distributions were compared to full‐field distributions.Results:SPR was reduced by a factor of 8.4 when decreasing iris diameter from 21.2 to 2.4 cm (at isocenter). Depending upon VOI location and size, dose was reduced to 16%–90% of the full‐field value along the central axis plane and down to 4% along the axis of rotation, while maintaining the same dose to the VOI compared to full‐field techniques. When maintaining constant dose to the VOI, this change in iris diameter corresponds to a factor increase of approximately 1.6 in image contrast and a factor decrease in image noise of approximately 1.2. This results in a measured gain in contrast‐to‐noise ratio by a factor of approximately 2.0.Conclusions:The presented VOI technique offers improved image quality for image‐guided radiotherapy while sparing the surrounding volume of unnecessary dose compared to full‐field techniques.
Draft Genome Sequence of “
Candidatus
Hepatoplasma crinochetorum” Ps, a Bacterial Symbiont in the Hepatopancreas of the Terrestrial Isopod
Porcellio scaber
Authors: Collingro Astrid , Kostanjšek Rok , Toenshoff Elena R. , Schulz Frederik , Schuster Lisa , Domann Daryl , Horn Matthias 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

“
Candidatus
Hepatoplasma crinochetorum” Ps is an extracellular symbiont residing in the hepatopancreas of the terrestrial isopod
Porcellio scaber
. Its genome is highly similar to that of the close relative “
Ca.
Hepatoplasma crinochetorum” Av from
Armadillidium vulgare
. However, instead of a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas system, it encodes a type I restriction modification system.
Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strain Co1-6, a Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium of
Calendula officinalis
Authors: Köberl Martina , White Richard A. , Erschen Sabine , Spanberger Nora , El-Arabi Tarek F. , Jansson Janet K. , Berg Gabriele 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

The genome sequence of
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
strain Co1-6, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) with broad-spectrum antagonistic activity against plant-pathogenic fungi, bacteria, and nematodes, consists of a single 3.9-Mb circular chromosome. The genome reveals genes putatively responsible for its promising biocontrol and PGP properties.
Draft Genome Sequence and Annotation of Phyllosphere-Persisting Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica
Serovar Livingstone Strain CKY-S4, Isolated from an Urban Lake in Regina, Canada
Authors: Tambalo Dinah D. , Perry Benjamin J. , Fitzgerald Stephen F. , Cameron Andrew D. S. , Yost Christopher K. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the first draft genome sequence of
Salmonella enterica
subsp.
enterica
serovar Livingstone. This
S
. Livingstone strain CKY-S4 displayed biofilm formation and cellulose production and could persist on lettuce. This genome may help the study of mechanisms by which enteric pathogens colonize food crops.
Genome Sequence and Annotation of
Trichoderma parareesei
, the Ancestor of the Cellulase Producer
Trichoderma reesei
Authors: Yang Dongqing , Pomraning Kyle , Kopchinskiy Alexey , Karimi Aghcheh Razieh , Atanasova Lea , Chenthamara Komal , Baker Scott E. , Zhang Ruifu , Shen Qirong , Freitag Michael , Kubicek Christian P. , Druzhinina Irina S. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

The filamentous fungus
Trichoderma parareesei
is the asexually reproducing ancestor of
Trichoderma reesei
, the holomorphic industrial producer of cellulase and hemicellulase. Here, we present the genome sequence of the
T. parareesei
type strain CBS 125925, which contains genes for 9,318 proteins.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Paenibacillus
sp. Strain VT 400, Isolated from the Saliva of a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Tetz George , Tetz Victor , Vecherkovskaya Maria 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

We report here the complete genome sequence of spore-forming
Paenibacillus
sp. strain VT 400, isolated from the saliva of a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The genome consists of 6,986,122 bp, with a G+C content of 45.8%. It possesses 5,777 predicted protein-coding genes encoding multidrug resistance transporters, virulence factors, and resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs.
Genome Sequence of
Anaerobacillus macyae
JMM-4
T
(DSM 16346), the First Genomic Information of the Newly Established Genus
Anaerobacillus
Authors: Wang Jie-ping , Liu Bo , Liu Guo-hong , Ge Ci-bin , Chen Qian-qian , Zhu Yu-jing , Chen Zheng 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Anaerobacillus macyae
JMM-4
T
(DSM 16346) is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, and arsenate-respiring bacterium. Here, we report the 4.26-Mb genome sequence of
A. macyae
JMM-4
T
, which is the first genome information of the newly established genus
Anaerobacillus
.