bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Young Learners’ Objectives Related to Multimedia Use and Homework Completion
Authors: Öngün Erdem , Demirag Askin 
Published: October 2014

Individuals of all ages are inevitably affected by today’s technology. The main purpose of this study is to explore the objectives of 8th grade students related to the utilization of multimedia instruments ranging from personal computers to the Internet use while they are doing their homework. Specifically, it tries to find out whether there is a significant relationship between «for what purposes 8th graders use multimedia tools» and «which personal traits are reinforced while doing homework with multimedia tools?», where gender differences were also taken into consideration in the analysis of the related items in the questionnaire form. The population of the study is made up of 435 students who were randomly selected from five secondary schools in the city of Istanbul, Turkey. As a data collection method, a questionnaire form with a set of related research questions was used. Findings from the study show that 8th graders in their use of multimedia platforms are provided with a more interactive and independent learning environment where they can find more learning aids while accomplishing their homework objectives. Gender-based evidence from the study shows that digitally, male students are more active and they exploit the fun side of homework more compared to their female counterparts.Las personas de todas las edades se ven inevitablemente afectadas por la tecnología de hoy. El principal propósito de este estudio es analizar en los estudiantes de octavo grado la relación entre los cambios experimentados en la utilización de los instrumentos multimedia y el uso de los ordenadores personales e Internet mientras están haciendo sus deberes. En concreto, se trata de averiguar si existe una relación significativa entre «para qué fines los estudiantes de octavo grado usan herramientas multimedia» y «qué rasgos personales se refuerzan mientras hacen los deberes con herramientas multimedia», y esto, teniendo también en cuenta las diferencias de género en el análisis de las partidas recogidas en el formulario de preguntas. La población del estudio se compone de 435 estudiantes elegidos aleatoriamente de cinco escuelas secundarias en la ciudad de Estambul, en Turquía. El método utilizado para la recolección de datos consistió en un cuestionario con preguntas relacionadas con la investigación. Los hallazgos del estudio evidencian que los estudiantes de octavo nivel que utilizan las plataformas multimedia reflejan un ambiente de aprendizaje más independiente e interactivo en el que encuentran un respaldo mayor mientras realizan sus tareas. Atendiendo a la perspectiva de género, el estudio muestra que, digitalmente, los estudiantes masculinos son más activos y desarrollan más el lado divertido de las tareas que sus compañeras.
Cyberbullying trough Mobile Phone and the Internet in Dating Relationships among Youth People
Authors: Durán-Segura Mercedes , Martínez-Pecino Roberto 
Published: October 2014

Cyberbullying is a phenomenon that has been extensively analysed amongst adolescents. However, in Spain, there have been few studies of young adults and particularly of their romantic relationships in the digital context. This study analyses cyberbullying in romantic relationships in mobile and digital exchanges between partners, in a sample comprising 336 students using quantitative methodology. The results show that 57,2% of the sample admit to having been victimised by their partner by mobile phone and 27,4% via the Internet. The percentage of victimised males was higher than that of females. 47,6% affirmed that they had bullied their partner by mobile phone and 14% over the Internet. The percentage of males who did so was higher than that of females. The regression analyses showed correlation between having been victimised by a partner via one of these media and having experienced cyberbulling in other by means of the same technological medium. The effects of this interaction highlight that males victimised through the use of mobile phones or the Internet are involved, to a greater extent than victimised females, as the perpetrators in this phenomenon. The results suggest modernisation in the types of violence that young adults experience in their relationships.
El ciberacoso es un fenómeno ampliamente analizado entre adolescentes, sin embargo en España ha sido poco estudiado entre jóvenes y particularmente en sus relaciones de noviazgo. Empleando una metodología cuantitativa este estudio analiza el ciberacoso mediante el teléfono móvil e Internet en las relaciones de noviazgo en una muestra compuesta por 336 estudiantes universitarios. El análisis de resultados indica que un 57,2% declara haber sido victimizado por su pareja mediante el teléfono móvil, y un 27,4% a través de Internet. El porcentaje de chicos victimizados fue mayor que el de las chicas. Un 47,6% declara haber acosado a su pareja a través del teléfono móvil, y un 14% a través de Internet. El porcentaje de chicos que lo ejerció fue superior al de las chicas. Los análisis de regresión muestran la relación entre haber sido victimizado por la pareja a través de uno de estos medios y el ejercicio del ciberacoso hacia la pareja mediante el mismo medio tecnológico. Los efectos de interacción ponen de manifiesto que los chicos victimizados a través del teléfono móvil o de Internet se implican, en mayor medida que las chicas victimizadas, como agresores en este fenómeno. Los resultados sugieren una modernización en los tipos de violencia que experimenta la juventud en sus relaciones de pareja.
La normalisation : dynamique opaque ou bonne gouvernance mondiale ?
Authors: Borde Jean-Michel , Vaucelle Alain , Hudrisier Henri 
Published: October 2014

Les enjeux planétaires, pour spectaculaires et omniprésents qu’ils soient, sont observés et décrits au moyen d’outils aussi spécifiques que banalisés, ce sont les normes techniques internationales. Nous réfléchissons ici à leur rôle vis-à-vis des communautés qu’elles encadrent, voire conditionnent. Une plongée dans la complexité de l’organisation du management normatif permet, au prix de quelques efforts, de percevoir les leviers et leurs effets. Est-il possible de s’approprier ceux-ci ? Au moins collectivement et pour quoi faire ? Nous conclurons sur quelques règles disciplinaires potentiellement à explorer, sinon à suivre.
Nouvelle gestion publique et recomposition professionnelle dans le secteur social
Authors: Molina Yvette 
Published: October 2014

La nouvelle gestion publique introduite dans les services publics et associatifs du secteur social dans les années 1980-1990 prend sa source dans le courant managérial néolibéral. Elle se traduit par deux composantes majeures : la mise en œuvre de nouveaux outils d’évaluation et de contrôle de l’activité des organisations et des pratiques professionnelles d’une part, des réorganisations institutionnelles d’autre part. Cet article analyse l’impact de cette logique gestionnaire au regard du vécu des professions du travail social tel que les acteurs en rendent compte à travers une enquête sociologique.
L'innovation en PME et son accompagnement par les TIC : quels effets sur la performance ?
Authors: Deltour François , Lethiais Virginie 
Published: October 2014

La capacité à innover des entreprises ainsi que leurs ressources TIC sont généralement reconnues comme des gages de leur compétitivité. Dans notre article, ces deux sources de performance sont étudiées dans le contexte des Petites et Moyennes Entreprises (PME), en analysant notamment les retombées de l’accompagnement de l’innovation par les TIC. Notre recherche s’appuie sur une double investigation : une enquête menée auprès de PME de la région Bretagne et une collecte en ligne des performances financières de ces mêmes entreprises. Sur un échantillon final de 1086 entreprises, nous évaluons économétriquement dans quelle mesure la performance des PME peut être expliquée par l’innovativité, les ressources TIC (humaines et matérielles), ainsi que par l’effet combiné de l’innovativité accompagnée par les technologies de l’information. Le recours à une variable d’interaction mesurant les TIC directement mobilisées pour soutenir l’innovation des PME constitue l’apport méthodologique de notre recherche. L’investigation montre que les technologies de l’information contribuent à augmenter la performance des PME lorsqu’elles accompagnent des innovations : l’innovativité des PME a des retombées positives sur leur performance dans la mesure où elle est accompagnée par des investissements en TIC ou bien par un usage plus poussé des technologies déjà présentes dans l’entreprise. A contrario , l’innovativité et les ressources TIC considérées isolément minorent le niveau de performance des firmes étudiées. Ces différents résultats sont discutés au regard des caractéristiques spécifiques des PME.
In-service and Pre-service Middle School Mathematics Teachers' Attitudes and Decisions Regarding Teaching Mathematics Using Mobile Phones
Authors: Daher Wajeeh M. , Baya'a Nimer 
Published: October 2014

Several researches examined students' mathematics learning using mobile phones, while very few researches examined mathematics teaching using this new educational tool. This research attempts to analyze in-service and pre-service teachers' attitudes and decisions regarding mathematics teaching with mobile phones using activity theory. More specifically, three case studies are analyzed in this research: One concerns an in-service teacher who used mobile phones in her class, the second case study involves a pre-service teacher who collaborated with the in-service teacher to teach mathematics lessons using mobile phones, and the third case study is about 15 pre-service teachers who were observers of the experiment but did not use mobile phones in their teaching. We held one-hour semi-structured interviews with the in-service teacher, with the leading pre-service teacher and with the group of other observer pre-service teachers. This happened three times during the academic year: at the beginning of the experiment, after three months and after it ended.
The research findings indicate that different factors have an impact on the attitudes and decisions of the teacher: history of the teacher using technologies in teaching, perceptions of the teacher using technologies in teaching, community’s teacher, rules regulating the use of technologies in teaching mathematics, and division of labor. For example, questions as to who decides which technologies to use in the classroom and who should prepare the learning material for the students. Contradictions were identified in mathematics teachers' activity when utilizing mobile phones in their teaching. These contradictions hinder or slow such utilization. Community, especially its leading members, mediated and helped overcome the activity contradictions that arose throughout the experiment regarding the teaching processes in and/or out of the mathematics classroom.
CD28–CD80 Interactions Control Regulatory T Cell Motility and Immunological Synapse Formation
Authors: Thauland Timothy J. , Koguchi Yoshinobu , Dustin Michael L. , Parker David C. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for tolerance to self and environmental Ags, acting in part by downmodulating costimulatory molecules on the surface of dendritic cells (DCs) and altering naive CD4 T cell–DC interactions. In this study, we show that Tregs form stable conjugates with DCs before, but not after, they decrease surface expression of the costimulatory molecule CD80 on the DCs. We use supported planar bilayers to show that Tregs dramatically slow down but maintain a highly polarized and motile phenotype after recognizing Ag in the absence of costimulation. These motile cells are characterized by distinct accumulations of LFA-1–ICAM-1 in the lamella and TCR-MHC in the uropod, consistent with a motile immunological synapse or “kinapse.” However, in the presence of high, but not low, concentrations of CD80, Tregs form stationary, symmetrical synapses. Using blocking Abs, we show that, whereas CTLA-4 is required for CD80 downmodulation, CD28–CD80 interactions are critical for modulating Treg motility in the presence of Ag. Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that Tregs are tuned to alter their motility depending on costimulatory signals.
A Novel Antibody against Human Factor B that Blocks Formation of the C3bB Proconvertase and Inhibits Complement Activation in Disease Models
Authors: Subías Marta , Tortajada Agustín , Gastoldi Sara , Galbusera Miriam , López-Perrote Andrés , Lopez Lucia de Juana , González-Fernández Fernando Ataúlfo , Villegas-Martínez Ana , Dominguez Mercedes , Llorca Oscar , Noris Marina , Morgan B. Paul , Rodríguez de Córdoba Santiago 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The alternative pathway (AP) is critical for the efficient activation of complement regardless of the trigger. It is also a major player in pathogenesis, as illustrated by the long list of diseases in which AP activation contributes to pathology. Its relevance to human disease is further emphasized by the high prevalence of pathogenic inherited defects and acquired autoantibodies disrupting components and regulators of the AP C3-convertase. Because pharmacological downmodulation of the AP emerges as a broad-spectrum treatment alternative, there is a powerful interest in developing new molecules to block formation and/or activity of the AP C3-convertase. In this paper, we describe the generation of a novel mAb targeting human factor B (FB). mAb FB48.4.2, recognizing with high affinity an evolutionary-conserved epitope in the Ba fragment of FB, very efficiently inhibited formation of the AP C3-proconvertase by blocking the interaction between FB and C3b. In vitro assays using rabbit and sheep erythrocytes demonstrated that FB28.4.2 was a potent AP inhibitor that blocked complement-mediated hemolysis in several species. Using ex vivo models of disease we demonstrated that FB28.4.2 protected paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria erythrocytes from complement-mediated hemolysis and inhibited both C3 fragment and C5b-9 deposition on ADP-activated HMEC-1 cells, an experimental model for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Moreover, i.v. injection of FB28.4.2 in rats blocked complement activation in rat serum and prevented the passive induction of experimental autoimmune Myasthenia gravis. As a whole, these data demonstrate the potential value of FB28.4.2 for the treatment of disorders associated with AP complement dysregulation in man and animal models.
Evaluation of the Assessment Plan for Undergraduate Clerkship in Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Abdulaziz University
Authors: Almrstani Ahmad M.S. , Alnoman Abdullah , Abduljabbar Hassan , Sait Hesham , Bazarah Mohammed , Eldeek Basem 
Published: October 2014

Background The standards set by accreditation bodies for student assessment during higher education, such as those of the National Commission for Academic Accreditation & Assessment (NCAAA), are necessary in formulating educational programs. These serve as a benchmark for how colleges or universities are assessed and reflect students' learning. Following the implementation of these guidelines, the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, within the Faculty of Medicine in King Abdulaziz University (KAU), established assessment strategies appropriate to their curriculum, which were valid and reliable, thus enabling students to be fairly assessed throughout their undergraduate course. Since KAU is currently preparing for accreditation by the NCAAA, this study was a necessary undertaking to ensure that the assessment strategies designed by the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology are aligned and conform to the NCAAA student assessment guidelines, thereby outlining the standard of expected performance and learning outcomes for students. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the assessment plan of the obstetrics and gynecology clerkship for undergraduate medical students within the Faculty of Medicine, KAU, in comparison to the standard criteria for student assessment as implemented by the NCAAA. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, which employed two questionnaires containing questions based on the NCAAA guidelines. The surveys were distributed among the teaching staff and students rotating for 12 weeks within the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KAU, from September to November 2013. In total, 100/116 (86.2%) students and 26/36 (81.25%) teaching staff participated in the study. Results Two sets of results were obtained regarding the student assessment practices in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KAU, one from fifth-year medical students and the second from the teaching staff. The results showed that the majority of student respondents agreed that the department conformed to the guidelines and standards as set out by the NCAAA. However, the statistics gathered from the teaching staff participants implied that although the department is adhering to the standards, further improvements are still required in terms of the implementation and design of assessment strategies. Conclusions Adherence to the NCAAA student assessment guidelines and its strict implementation are vital to achieving effective learning outcomes among obstetrics and gynecology students. Faculty staff need be appropriately trained in the field of exam preparation and assessment. Further improvements to the existing student assessment strategies used by the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KAU, are recommended.
La tularémie : situation en France, problématiques et risques en santé publique
Authors: Vaissaire Josée , Mendy Christiane , Le Doujet Claudine , Bedidi-Madani Nora , Le Coustumier Alain , Terrier Marie-Eve , Gaillet Jean-Roch 
Published: October 2014

Tularemia : situation in France, issues and public health risk
This is a retrospective study on natural foci of tularemia in animals as well as human cases reported in France between 1999 and 2004. Since 1999, approximately 20 to 60 animals foci of infection in hares are detected every year in 19 to 34 French departments. Human cases often occur in areas where animal foci have erupted, but not always. There are several reasons explaining the presence of this disease on French territory, its underestimation in animals, and probably in man, and its durability. The disease is generally poorly recognised, except amongst shooters who are aware of its existence. Several clinical forms are known in man, sometimes with severe symptoms. The diagnosis of tularemia can be difficult due to its non-specific clinical features. Tularemia is mostly described in hares but other species can be also affected, serving as reservoirs for the infection and sometimes acting as vectors as well. The animal population tested for tularemia should be widened to include other wild species, as well as some of our domestic animals. In man, this diagnosis should be considered in people presenting certain clinical signs. A background on epidemiological data is given. In addition, as Francisella tularensis is one of the bioterrorism agents, it is essential that clinicians and biologists recognise this bacteria and are aware of its dangers. Tularemia was removed from the list of Legally Contagious Disease in veterinary medicine in 1996. It has become a notifiable disease in human medicine in 2002.
Ultrasonographic examination of joints, a revolution in equine locomotor pathology
Authors: Denoix Jean-Marie 
Published: October 2014

L’échographie des articulations, une révolution en pathologie locomotrice équine.
D’abord utilisée pour le diagnostic et la documentation des lésions tendineuses, l'échographie est devenue depuis 1990 un complément indispensable à la radiologie dans le diagnostic des affections articulaires chez le cheval. Cette technique fournit des informations précises sur la membrane et le contenu synovial, le cartilage articulaire et l'os sous-chondral, les marges articulaires, les ligaments et les ménisques, ainsi que sur les formations impliquées lors d’épaississement péri-articulaire. L''amélioration des appareils et de la résolution de l''image, en régions superficielles comme en profondeur, permettent maintenant d'envisager l'examen de toutes les articulations des membres, y compris les plus proximales, et de la plupart des articulations axiales (colonne vertébrale, bassin et tête) du cheval. En 20 ans, un grand nombre d’entités pathologiques nouvelles ont été mises en lumière grâce à l’échographie ; ces connaissances ont profondément changé l’approche diagnostique et la compréhension des boiteries chez le cheval. Athlète professionnel, le cheval constitue un excellent modèle animal de pathologie locomotrice sportive spontanée ; la taille de ses formations anatomiques facilite et améliore la documentation lésionnelle par imagerie. L'échographie articulaire nécessite une codification stricte de l'abord technique de chaque formation et une connaissance précise de l'anatomie de l’appareil locomoteur du cheval, conditions indispensables pour garantir les performances de la technique en matière de sensibilité et de spécificité.
The 1562 Head Injury of Don Carlos: A Conflict of Medicine and Religion in Sixteenth-Century Spain
Authors: Villalon Andrew 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACT
This article deals with one of the best documented medical cases of the sixteenth century—a near fatal head injury suffered in 1562 by Don Carlos (1545–68), son of Philip II and heir to the Spanish throne. It examines the highly detailed contemporary sources that shed light on the injury and its treatment and then explores the relationship between them. It also explores the conflicting claims of medicine and religion to explain the prince's seemingly miraculous cure and the canonization of the first Counter-Reformation saint, San Diego de Alcalá, that resulted directly from this healing.
Political Jurisprudence or Institutional Normativism? Maintaining the Difference Between Arendt and Fuller
Authors: Wilkinson Michael 
Published: October 2014

Political Jurisprudence or Institutional Normativism? Maintaining the Difference Between Arendt and Fuller
Can jurisprudence fruitfully pursue a synthesis of Arendt’s political theory and Fuller’s normative legal philosophy? Might their ideas of the juridical person and the legal subject be aligned as a result of a shared concern for the value of legality, specifically of an institutional complex which is structured through the stability and predictability of the rule of law? It is doubtful that Arendt's concern for the phenomena of plurality, political freedom and action can usefully be brought into line with Fuller's normativist focus on legality, subjectivity and the inner morality of law. This doubt is explored by juxtaposing Arendt's theory of action and her remarks on the revolution, foundation and augmentation of power and authority with Fuller's philosophy that, however critical of its positivist adversaries, remains ultimately tied to a Hobbesian tradition which views authority and power in abstract, hierarchical and individualist terms.