bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Bilateral St36 and Pc6 Electroacupuncture on the Depth of Sedation in General Anaesthesia
Authors: Chen Yiding , Zhang Hongwei , Tang Yumin , Shu Jingjun 
Published: December 2014

Objective To investigate the impact of electroacupuncture (EA) at bilateral acupuncture points ST36 and PC6 on the level of sedation in general anaesthesia. Methods 40 patients undergoing abdominal surgery were randomly divided into two groups: EA combined with general anaesthesia (EA group, n=20) and general anaesthesia control group (n=20). The bilateral acupuncture points ST36 and PC6 were selected in both groups. Target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol was used for the induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia to reach an equilibrium state of Narcotrend Index (NT index). In the EA group, EA was performed with a Hans EA device. In the control group, general anaesthesia was performed without EA stimulation. In both groups, heart rate (HR), mean blood pressure (MAP) and NT index were recorded at corresponding time points up to 30 min after the end of acupuncture. Results The NT indices of the EA group showed a downward trend after EA stimulation (p=0.01). From 15 min after the start of EA stimulation the NT indices of the EA group were significantly lower than those of the control group (p<0.05). HR and MAP of the two groups showed no significant differences at any time points (p≥0.05). Conclusions EA stimulation at bilateral ST36 and PC6 significantly deepens the sedation level of general anaesthesia in patients with propofol TCI, has little impact on haemodynamics and provides significant delayed sedation effects.
The REFORM study protocol: a cohort randomised controlled trial of a multifaceted podiatry intervention for the prevention of falls in older people
Authors: Cockayne Sarah , Adamson Joy , Corbacho Martin Belen , Fairhurst Caroline , Hewitt Catherine , Hicks Kate , Hull Robin , Keenan Anne Maree , Lamb Sarah E , Loughrey Lorraine , McIntosh Caroline , Menz Hylton B , Redmond Anthony C , Rodgers Sara , Vernon Wesley , Watson Judith , Torgerson David 
Published: December 2014

IntroductionFalls and fall-related injuries are a serious cause of morbidity and cost to society. Foot problems and inappropriate footwear may increase the risk of falls; therefore podiatric interventions may play a role in reducing falls. Two Cochrane systematic reviews identified only one study of a podiatry intervention aimed to reduce falls, which was undertaken in Australia. The REFORM trial aims to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of a multifaceted podiatry intervention in reducing falls in people aged 65 years and over in a UK and Irish setting.Methods and analysisThis multicentre, cohort randomised controlled trial will recruit 2600 participants from routine podiatry clinics in the UK and Ireland to the REFORM cohort. In order to detect a 10% point reduction in falls from 50% to 40%, with 80% power 890 participants will be randomised to receive routine podiatry care and a falls prevention leaflet or routine podiatry care, a falls prevention leaflet and a multifaceted podiatry intervention. The primary outcome is rate of falls (falls/person/time) over 12 months assessed by patient self-report falls diary. Secondary self-report outcome measures include: the proportion of single and multiple fallers and time to first fall over a 12-month period; Short Falls Efficacy Scale—International; fear of falling in the past 4 weeks; Frenchay Activities Index; fracture rate; Geriatric Depression Scale; EuroQoL-five dimensional scale 3-L; health service utilisation at 6 and 12 months. A qualitative study will examine the acceptability of the package of care to participants and podiatrists.Ethics and disseminationThe trial has received a favourable opinion from the East of England—Cambridge East Research Ethics Committee and Galway Research Ethics Committee. The trial results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and at conference presentations.Trial registration numberCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN68240461assigned 01/07/2011.
Improving the recognition of post-operative acute kidney injury
Authors: Trotter Nicola , Doherty Cal , Tully Vicki , Davey Peter , Bell Samira 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) state that acute kidney injury (AKI) is seen in 13-18% of all people being admitted to hospital and that other patients will further go on to develop AKI during their time in hospital, with around 30-40% being in the operative setting. AKI has an estimated inpatient mortality of 20-30% in the UK and can lead to long-term morbidities like chronic kidney disease.[2]AKI is under-recognised and badly managed despite its prevalence and seriousness, with NCEPOD report stating that only 50% of patients with AKI received good care, that there was poor assessment of risk factors for AKI, and there was an unacceptable delay in recognising post-admission AKI in 43% of patients.[4]Baseline data collected on the urology ward in Ninewells Hospital, showed that only five of 22 (23%) patients undergoing urological surgery had post-operative creatinine measured on the ward within 48 hours (the primary method for detecting AKI). Excluding patients who were discharged the same day 5/16 (31%) received the blood test.The aim of the project was to increase the number of patients returning to ward 9 post-surgery who receive a serum creatinine measurement within two days of their urological surgery, excluding daycases. Specifically, we wanted the reliability of this measurement to be 95% or over in ward 9 by 30 July 2014.This was to be done by raising awareness around AKI on ward 9 and changing protocol so that every patient staying on ward 9 beyond their day of surgery should receive a post-operative creatinine. This would be tested for a set amount of time to see if patients with AKI were being missed.Despite not being able to implement a set protocol, the percentage of patients receiving post-operative creatinine measurements on ward 9 after a urological surgery still increased significantly. By interacting with the urology team and presenting our data, the knowledge and comprehension of the problem was altered. This lead to a change in culture and a significant increase in the number of post-operative creatinine measurements being taken. Through building relationships on the ward and sharing our data and knowledge there was an increase from 27% of patients receiving post-op creatinine in our first week of collecting data, to 87% in our last week on ward 9. However, without a set tool or change in protocol this change appears to have not been sustainable as the percentage dropped to 42% two weeks later.
RECENT KLOE RESULTS ON THE SEARCH FOR DARK FORCES
Authors: GRAZIANI ENRICO ,   on behalf of the KLOE Collaboration
Published: December 2014

The existence of a light dark force mediator has been tested with the KLOE detector at DAΦNE. This particle, the dark photon U, has been searched for in three different processes and four different final states: a) Φ → ηU, with U → e+e−, η → π+π−π0 and η → π0π0π0; b) e+e− → Uγ with U → μ+μ−; c) e+e− → Uh′ (dark Higgsstrahlung), U → μ+μ−, where h′ is a Higgs-like particle responsible for the breaking of the hidden symmetry. We did not find any evidence of the processes above and set upper limits on the parameters of the model, for different MU (and Mh′) mass ranges, depending on the considered final state.
DIRECT TESTS OF T AND CPT SYMMETRIES IN THE ENTANGLED NEUTRAL KAON SYSTEM AT A ϕ-FACTORY
Authors: DI DOMENICO ANTONIO 
Published: December 2014

A novel method to perform a direct T (or CPT) symmetry test in the neutral kaon system is presented. This is based on the comparison of suitable transition probabilities, where the required interchange of in ↔ out states for a given process is obtained exploiting the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlations of neutral kaon pairs produced at a ϕ-factory. The possibility to perform these tests with the KLOE-2 experiment at DAΦNE, the Frascati ϕ-factory, is also briefly discussed.
STUDY OF ψ(2S) → μ+μ- DECAY WITH KEDR DETECTOR
Authors: AULCHENKO V. M. , BALDIN E. M. , BARLADYAN A. K. , BARNYAKOV A. Yu. , BARNYAKOV M. Yu. , BARU S. E. , BASOK I. Yu. , BATRAKOV A. M. , BLINOV A. E. , BLINOV V. E. , BOBROV A. V. , BOBROVNIKOV V. S. , BOGOMYAGKOV A. V. , BONDAR A. E. , BUZYKAEV A. R. , EIDELMAN S. I. , GRIGORIEV D. N. , GROSHEV V. R. , GLUKHOVCHENKO Yu. M. , GULEVICH V. V. , GUSEV D. V. , KARNAEV S. E. , KARPOV G. V. , KARPOV S. V. , KHARLAMOVA T. A. , KISELEV V. A. , KOLMOGOROV V. V. , KONONOV S. A. , KOTOV K. Yu. , KRAVCHENKO E. A. , KUDRYAVTSEV V. N. , KULIKOV V. F. , KURKIN G. YA. , KUPER E. A. , KUYANOV I. A. , LEVICHEV E. B. , MAKSIMOV D. A. , MALYSHEV V. M. , MASLENNIKOV A. L. , MESHKOV O. I. , MISHNEV S. I. , MOROZOV I. I. , MUCHNOI N. Yu. , NEUFELD V. V. , NIKITIN S. A. , NIKOLAEV I. B. , OKUNEV I. N. , ONUCHIN A. P. , ORESHKIN S. B. , ORLOV I. O. , OSIPOV A. A. , OVTIN I. V. , PELEGANCHUK S. V. , PIVOVAROV S. G. , PIMINOV P. A. , PETROV V. V. , POLUEKTOV A. O. , PRISEKIN V. G. , REZANOVA O. L. , RUBAN A. A. , SANDYREV V. K. , SAVINOV G. A. , SHAMOV A. G. , SHATILOV D. N. , SHWARTZ B. A. , SIMONOV E. A. , SINYATKIN S. V. , SKRINSKY A. N. , SUKHAREV A. M. , SOKOLOV A. V. , STAROSTINA E. V. , TALYSHEV A. A. , TAYURSKY V. A. , TELNOV V. I. , TIKHONOV Yu. A. , TODYSHEV K. Yu. , TUMAIKIN G. M. , USOV Yu. V. , VOROBIOV A. I. , ZHILICH V. N. , ZHULANOV V. V. , ZHURAVLEV A. N. 
Published: December 2014

Since 2004 the KEDR detector at the VEPP-4M collider has taken several data sets in the ψ(2S) region, acquiring total luminosity of about 7 pb-1, which corresponds to more than 3.5 × 106ψ(2S). We report the preliminary value of Γee × Γμμ/Γ = 19.4 ± 0.4 ± 1.1 eV for ψ(2S).
STATE OFCoANDMnIN HALF-METALLIC FERROMAGNETCo2MnSiEXPLORED BY MAGNETIC CIRCULAR DICHROISM IN HARD X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON EMISSION AND SOFT X-RAY ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPIES
Authors: FECHER GERHARD H. , EBKE DANIEL , OUARDI SIHAM , AGRESTINI STEFANO , KUO CHANG-YANG , HOLLMANN NILS , HU ZHIWEI , GLOSKOVSKII ANDREI , YAKHOU FLORA , BROOKES NICHOLAS B. , FELSER CLAUDIA 
Published: December 2014

The half-metallic Heusler compound Co2MnSi is a very attractive material for spintronic devices because it exhibits very high tunnelling magnetoresistance ratios. This work reports on a spectroscopic investigation of thin Co2MnSi films as they are used as electrodes in magnetic tunnel junctions. The investigated films exhibit a remanent in-plane magnetization with a magnetic moment of about 5 μBwhen saturated, as expected. The low coercive field of only 4 mT indicates soft magnetic behavior. Magnetic dichroism in emission and absorption was measured at the Co and Mn 2p core levels. The photoelectron spectra were excited by circularly polarized hard X-rays with an energy of 6 keV and taken from the remanently magnetized film. The soft X-ray absorption spectra were taken in an induction field of 4 T. Both methods yielded large dichroism effects. An analysis reveals the localized character of the electrons and magnetic moments attributed to the Mn atoms, whereas the electrons related to the Co atoms contribute an itinerant part to the total magnetic moment.
Genetic Mutation of p53 and Suppression of the miR-17∼92 Cluster Are Synthetic Lethal in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer due to Upregulation of Vitamin D Signaling
Authors: Borkowski Robert , Du Liqin , Zhao Zhenze , McMillan Elizabeth , Kosti Adam , Yang Chin-Rang , Suraokar Milind , Wistuba Ignacio I. , Gazdar Adi F. , Minna John D. , White Michael A. , Pertsemlidis Alexander 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related fatalities. Recent success developing genotypically targeted therapies, with potency only in well-defined subpopulations of tumors, suggests a path to improving patient survival. We used a library of oligonucleotide inhibitors of microRNAs, a class of posttranscriptional gene regulators, to identify novel synthetic lethal interactions between miRNA inhibition and molecular mechanisms in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Two inhibitors, those for miR-92a and miR-1226*, produced a toxicity distribution across a panel of 27 cell lines that correlated with loss of p53 protein expression. Notably, depletion of p53 was sufficient to confer sensitivity to otherwise resistant telomerase-immortalized bronchial epithelial cells. We found that both miR inhibitors cause sequence-specific downregulation of the miR-17∼92 polycistron, and this downregulation was toxic only in the context of p53 loss. Mechanistic studies indicated that the selective toxicity of miR-17∼92 polycistron inactivation was the consequence of derepression of vitamin D signaling via suppression of CYP24A1, a rate-limiting enzyme in the 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 metabolic pathway. Of note, high CYP24A1 expression significantly correlated with poor patient outcome in multiple lung cancer cohorts. Our results indicate that the screening approach used in this study can identify clinically relevant synthetic lethal interactions and that vitamin D receptor agonists may show enhanced efficacy in p53-negative lung cancer patients. Cancer Res; 75(4); 666–75. ©2014 AACR.
Longitudinal Noninvasive Imaging of Progesterone Receptor as a Predictive Biomarker of Tumor Responsiveness to Estrogen Deprivation Therapy
Authors: Chan Szeman Ruby , Fowler Amy M. , Allen Julie A. , Zhou Dong , Dence Carmen S. , Sharp Terry L. , Fettig Nicole M. , Dehdashti Farrokh , Katzenellenbogen John A. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate whether longitudinal functional PET imaging of mammary tumors using the radiopharmaceuticals [18F]FDG (to measure glucose uptake), [18F]FES [to measure estrogen receptor (ER) levels], or [18F]FFNP [to measure progesterone receptor (PgR) levels] is predictive of response to estrogen-deprivation therapy.
Experimental Design: [18F]FDG, [18F]FES, and [18F]FFNP uptake in endocrine-sensitive and -resistant mammary tumors was quantified serially by PET before ovariectomy or estrogen withdrawal in mice, and on days 3 and 4 after estrogen-deprivation therapy. Specificity of [18F]FFNP uptake in ERα+ mammary tumors was determined by competition assay using unlabeled ligands for PgR or glucocorticoid receptor (GR). PgR expression was also assayed by immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Results: The levels of [18F]FES and [18F]FDG tumor uptake remained unchanged in endocrine-sensitive tumors after estrogen-deprivation therapy compared with those at pretreatment. In contrast, estrogen-deprivation therapy led to a reduction in PgR expression and [18F]FFNP uptake in endocrine-sensitive tumors, but not in endocrine-resistant tumors, as early as 3 days after treatment; the changes in PgR levels were confirmed by IHC. Unlabeled PgR ligand R5020 but not GR ligand dexamethasone blocked [18F]FFNP tumor uptake, indicating that [18F]FFNP bound specifically to PgR. Therefore, a reduction in FFNP tumor to muscle ratio in mammary tumors predicts sensitivity to estrogen-deprivation therapy.
Conclusions: Monitoring the acute changes in ERα activity by measuring [18F]FFNP uptake in mammary tumors predicts tumor response to estrogen-deprivation therapy. Longitudinal noninvasive PET imaging using [18F]FFNP is a robust and effective approach to predict tumor responsiveness to endocrine treatment. Clin Cancer Res; 21(5); 1063–70. ©2014 AACR.
The Use of Dipeptide Derivatives of 5-Aminolaevulinic Acid Promotes Their Entry to Tumor Cells and Improves Tumor Selectivity of Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Di Venosa Gabriela , Vallecorsa Pablo , Giuntini Francesca , Mamone Leandro , Batlle Alcira , Vanzuli Silvia , Juarranz Angeles , MacRobert Alexander J. , Eggleston Ian M. , Casas Adriana 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The use of endogenous protoporphyrin IX generated after administration of 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) has led to many applications in photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, the bioavailability of ALA is limited by its hydrophilic properties and limited cell uptake. A promising approach to optimize the efficacy of ALA-PDT is to deliver ALA in the form of prodrugs to mask its hydrophilic nature. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of two ALA dipeptide derivatives, N-acetyl terminated leucinyl-ALA methyl ester (Ac-Leu-ALA-Me) and phenylalanyl-ALA methyl ester (Ac-Phe-ALA-Me), for their use in PDT of cancer, by investigating the generation of protoporphyrin IX in an oncogenic cell line (PAM212-Ras), and in a subcutaneous tumor model. In our in vitro studies, both derivatives were more effective than ALA in PDT treatment, at inducing the same protoporphyrin IX levels but at 50- to 100-fold lower concentrations, with the phenylalanyl derivative being the most effective. The efficient release of ALA from Ac-Phe-ALA-Me appears to be consistent with the reported substrate and inhibitor preferences of acylpeptide hydrolase. In vivo studies revealed that topical application of the peptide prodrug Ac-Phe-ALA-Me gave greater selectivity than with ALA itself, and induced tumor photodamage, whereas systemic administration improved ALA-induced porphyrin generation in terms of equivalent doses administered, without induction of toxic effects. Our data support the possibility of using particularly Ac-Phe-ALA-Me both for topical treatment of basal cell carcinomas and for systemic administration. Further chemical fine-tuning of this prodrug template should yield additional compounds for enhanced ALA-PDT with potential for translation to the clinic. Mol Cancer Ther; 14(2); 440–51. ©2014 AACR.
Sunitinib Dose Escalation Overcomes Transient Resistance in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Is Associated with Epigenetic Modifications
Authors: Adelaiye Remi , Ciamporcero Eric , Miles Kiersten Marie , Sotomayor Paula , Bard Jonathan , Tsompana Maria , Conroy Dylan , Shen Li , Ramakrishnan Swathi , Ku Sheng-Yu , Orillion Ashley , Prey Joshua , Fetterly Gerald , Buck Michael , Chintala Sreenivasulu , Bjarnason Georg A. , Pili Roberto 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Sunitinib is considered a first-line therapeutic option for patients with advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Despite sunitinib's clinical efficacy, patients eventually develop drug resistance and disease progression. Herein, we tested the hypothesis whether initial sunitinib resistance may be transient and could be overcome by dose increase. In selected patients initially treated with 50 mg sunitinib and presenting with minimal toxicities, sunitinib dose was escalated to 62.5 mg and/or 75 mg at the time of tumor progression. Mice bearing two different patient-derived ccRCC xenografts (PDX) were treated 5 days per week with a dose-escalation schema (40–60–80 mg/kg sunitinib). Tumor tissues were collected before dose increments for immunohistochemistry analyses and drug levels. Selected intrapatient sunitinib dose escalation was safe and several patients had added progression-free survival. In parallel, our preclinical results showed that PDXs, although initially responsive to sunitinib at 40 mg/kg, eventually developed resistance. When the dose was incrementally increased, again we observed tumor response to sunitinib. A resistant phenotype was associated with transient increase of tumor vasculature despite intratumor sunitinib accumulation at higher dose. In addition, we observed associated changes in the expression of the methyltransferase EZH2 and histone marks at the time of resistance. Furthermore, specific EZH2 inhibition resulted in increased in vitro antitumor effect of sunitinib. Overall, our results suggest that initial sunitinib-induced resistance may be overcome, in part, by increasing the dose, and highlight the potential role of epigenetic changes associated with sunitinib resistance that can represent new targets for therapeutic intervention. Mol Cancer Ther; 14(2); 513–22. ©2014 AACR.
MLN0128, an ATP-Competitive mTOR Kinase Inhibitor with Potent In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Activity, as Potential Therapy for Bone and Soft-Tissue Sarcoma
Authors: Slotkin Emily K. , Patwardhan Parag P. , Vasudeva Shyamprasad D. , de Stanchina Elisa , Tap William D. , Schwartz Gary K. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that exists in two complexes (mTORC1 and mTORC2) and integrates extracellular and intracellular signals to act as a master regulator of cell growth, survival, and metabolism. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR prosurvival pathway is often dysregulated in multiple sarcoma subtypes. First-generation allosteric inhibitors of mTORC1 (rapalogues) have been extensively tested with great preclinical promise, but have had limited clinical utility. Here, we report that MLN0128, a second-generation, ATP-competitive, pan-mTOR kinase inhibitor, acts on both mTORC1 and mTORC2 and has potent in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity in multiple sarcoma subtypes. In vitro, MLN0128 inhibits mTORC1/2 targets in a concentration-dependent fashion and shows striking antiproliferative effect in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), Ewing sarcoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, synovial sarcoma, osteosarcoma, and liposarcoma. Unlike rapamycin, MLN0128 inhibits phosphorylation of 4EBP1 and NDRG1 as well as prevents the reactivation of pAKT that occurs via negative feedback release with mTORC1 inhibition alone. In xenograft models, MLN0128 treatment results in suppression of tumor growth with two dosing schedules (1 mg/kg daily and 3 mg/kg b.i.d. t.i.w.). At the 3 mg/kg dosing schedule, MLN0128 treatment results in significantly better tumor growth suppression than rapamycin in RMS and Ewing sarcoma models. In addition, MLN0128 induces apoptosis in models of RMS both in vitro and in vivo. Results from our study strongly suggest that MLN0128 treatment should be explored further as potential therapy for sarcoma. Mol Cancer Ther; 14(2); 395–406. ©2014 AACR.
Physical Fitness and Hypertension in a Population at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: The Henry Ford ExercIse Testing (FIT) Project
Authors: Juraschek Stephen P. , Blaha Michael J. , Whelton Seamus P. , Blumenthal Roger , Jones Steven R. , Keteyian Steven J. , Schairer John , Brawner Clinton A. , Al‐Mallah Mouaz H. 
Published: December 2014

Background
Increased physical fitness is protective against cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that increased fitness would be inversely associated with hypertension.

Methods and Results

We examined the association of fitness with prevalent and incident hypertension in 57 284 participants from The Henry Ford ExercIse Testing (
FIT
) Project (1991–2009). Fitness was measured during a clinician‐referred treadmill stress test. Incident hypertension was defined as a new diagnosis of hypertension on 3 separate consecutive encounters derived from electronic medical records or administrative claims files. Analyses were performed with logistic regression or Cox proportional hazards models and were adjusted for hypertension risk factors. The mean age overall was 53 years, with 49% women and 29% black. Mean peak metabolic equivalents (
MET
s) achieved was 9.2 (
SD
, 3.0). Fitness was inversely associated with prevalent hypertension even after adjustment (≥12
MET
s versus <6
MET
s;
OR
: 0.73; 95%
CI
: 0.67, 0.80). During a median follow‐up period of 4.4 years (interquartile range: 2.2 to 7.7 years), there were 8053 new cases of hypertension (36.4% of 22 109 participants without baseline hypertension). The unadjusted 5‐year cumulative incidences across categories of
MET
s (<6, 6 to 9, 10 to 11, and ≥12) were 49%, 41%, 30%, and 21%. After adjustment, participants achieving ≥12
MET
s had a 20% lower risk of incident hypertension compared to participants achieving <6
MET
s (
HR
: 0.80; 95%
CI
: 0.72, 0.89). This relationship was preserved across strata of age, sex, race, obesity, resting blood pressure, and diabetes.

Conclusions
Higher fitness is associated with a lower probability of prevalent and incident hypertension independent of baseline risk factors.