bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical properties of extreme emission-line galaxies at z ∼ 4–9 from the JWST CEERS survey
Authors: Llerena M. , Amorín R. , Pentericci L. , Arrabal Haro P. , Backhaus B. E. , Bagley M. B. , Calabrò A. , Cleri N. J. , Davis K. , Dickinson M. , Finkelstein S. L. , Gawiser E. , Grogin N. A. , Hathi N. P. , Hirschmann M. , Kartaltepe J. S. , Koekemoer A. M. , McGrath E. J. , Mobasher B. , Napolitano L. , Papovich C. , Pirzkal N. , Trump J. R. , Wilkins S. M. , Yung L. Y. A. 
Published: August 2024

Context. Extreme emission line galaxies (EELGs) are typically characterized by high equivalent widths (EWs) which are driven by elevated specific star formation rates (sSFRs) in low-mass galaxies with subsolar metallicities and little dust. Such extreme systems are exceedingly rare in the local universe, but the number density of EELGs increases with increasing redshift. Such starburst galaxies are currently strongly presumed to be the main drivers of hydrogen reionization over 5.5 < z < 15, which serves to motivate many of the searches for high-z EELGs.
Aims. We aim to characterize the physical properties of a sample of ∼730 EELGs at 4 ≲ z < 9 photometrically selected from the CEERS survey using JWST/NIRCam. We validate our method and demonstrate the main physical properties of a subset of EELGs using NIRSpec spectra.
Methods. We create synthetic NIRCam observations of EELGs using empirical templates based on ∼2000 local metal-poor starbursts to select EELGs based on color-color criteria. We study their properties based on SED fitting and flux excess from emission lines in the photometric filters.
Results. Our sample of EELGs has a mean stellar mass of 107.84 M⊙ with high sSFRs from SED fitting with a mean value of 10−7.03 yr−1. We consider a delayed-τ model for the star formation history and find our sample of EELGs are young with a mean value of the time after the onset of star formation of 45 Myr. We find that they have similar line ratios to local metal-poor starburst galaxies with high log([OIII]/Hβ) ≳ 0.4−1 which indicates that star formation may be the dominant source of ionization in these galaxies. Based on the photometric fluxes and morphologies, we find an increase of EW([OIII]+Hβ) with sSFR and ΣSFR, and a decrease with age and stellar mass. The sample of EELGs can reach ΣSFR > 10 M⊙ yr−1 kpc−2 which indicate they are strong candidates of LyC leakers. Another indirect indicator is the high values of O32 > 5 that can be reached for some galaxies in the sample. This indicates that they may have the conditions to facilitate the escape of ionizing photons.
Recent Advances in Photoinduced Borylation via N-Heterocyclic Carbene Boryl Radicals
Authors: Liu Xiang , Chen Xu , Zhou Xuesi , He Jiawei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOrganoboron compounds are recognized as essential synthetic intermediates in organic chemistry and have found broad applications in pharmaceutical and materials science. In recent years, the development of novel boronating reagents has opened new avenues for the synthesis of organoboron compounds. Among these, N-heterocyclic carbene boranes (NHC-boranes), with their unique advantages, have garnered sustained interest and have evolved into important precursors for boron-centered radicals, participating in a diverse array of visible-light-induced borylation reactions. This short review primarily focuses on visible-light-induced radical borylation reactions involving NHC-boranes, summarizing the latest advancements in the field and offering inspiration for subsequent research.1	Introduction2	Photoinduced Borylation via NHC-Boryl Radicals2.1	Photoinduced Borylation of Polyfluoroarenes2.2	Photoinduced Borylation of Arenes2.3	Photoinduced Borylation of Alkenes2.4	Photoinduced Borylation of Alkynes2.5	Photoinduced Borylation of Other Substrates3	Conclusion and Future Prospects
Tumor Budding: A Novel Prognostic Marker in Breast Carcinoma with Correlation of Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Parameters
Authors: Manimaran Poornima , Shah Ashini , Gami Amisha , Gandhi Jahnavi , Kakoty Sneha , Rai Varnika , Trivedi Priti P. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction Breast cancer is a highly heterogenous tumor with different subtypes showing varying prognosis. Tumor budding is an unfavorable histological feature of many epithelial cancers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the association between tumor bud density with various histological and immunohistochemical characteristics and to explore its prognostic role in breast carcinoma.
Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 100 patients of breast cancer diagnosed in our institute from January to December 2017. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained slides from tumors and immunohistochemical slides were reviewed independently by two pathologists, and clinical data were acquired from computerized records. Patients on neoadjuvant chemotherapy were excluded from the study.
Results The study comprised 100 patients of invasive breast carcinoma. The median age was 52 years, and 96% were invasive ductal carcinoma. The median follow-up was 34 months. High tumor bud density was substantially correlated with primary tumor staging (T3, T4; 73% [11/15] cases) and lymph node staging (N2, N3; 68% [13/19] cases) with p-values of 0.017 and 0.023, respectively. Systemic metastasis (85% [6/7] cases) was significantly associated with high tumor bud density (p =0.025) but lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion (PNI) were not significantly associated with tumor bud density (p = 0.762 and 0.862, respectively). Patients with N2 nodal stage had low event-free survival rate than N0/N1 nodal stage irrespective of tumor bud status. Grade 3 tumors with high tumor bud density had worse event-free survival than any other grades. There was no association of tumor bud density with tumor staging, necrosis, PNI, LVI, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and Her2/neu, and event-free survival.
Conclusion Strong relationships have been found between tumor bud density and poor prognostic variables such as primary tumor staging and lymph node staging. These results provide credence to the idea that tumor bud density can be an assessable prognostic feature that should be taken into account while reporting breast cancer cases. Tumor bud density evaluation has to be standardized nevertheless if it is to be widely adopted.
The role of brand identity, brand lifestyle congruence, and brand satisfaction on repurchase intention: a multi-group structural equation model
Authors: Acar Ayşegül , Büyükdağ Naci , Türten Burak , Diker Ersin , Çalışır Gülsüm 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the relationship between brand identity, brand lifestyle congruence, brand satisfaction, and repurchase intention. In addition, this study examined how the primary reference group’s family and peer/friend affected individuals’ perceptions of brand identity, brand-lifestyle congruence, brand satisfaction, and purchase intention through a multi-group structural equation model. A total of 610 valid and useable responses, collected from a social media channel, were analyzed. Grounded in social identity theory and self-congruity theory, a set of hypotheses was examined within a research model. The findings show that brand identity significantly affects brand lifestyle congruence, brand satisfaction, and repurchase intentions. In addition, brand-lifestyle congruence significantly affects brand satisfaction and repurchase intentions, with brand satisfaction also significantly affecting purchase intentions. Also, high-income and elderly consumers tend to ignore the family and peer effects. Middle-aged, middle-income men who value product origin show a strong brand perception, and are less influenced by family. In contrast, women, typically lower-income and price-focused, are more receptive to family and peer effects and generally indifferent to product origin. This research advances brand identity literature by examining the effects of brand brand-lifestyle congruence, brand satisfaction, and purchase intention. It suggests that the synergy between brand identity, brand lifestyle congruence, and brand satisfaction significantly enhances repurchase intentions. Besides, examining profiles in the context of brands, consumers, and reference groups contributes additional value to the field.
Ideal Gas Thermodynamic Functions For NO From the Total Partition Sum and Its Moments
Authors: Gamache Robert R. , Orphanos Nicholas G. , Qu Qianwei , Yurchenko Sergei N. , Tennyson Jonathan 
Published: August 2024

The total internal partition sum, Qint(T), and the translational partition sum, Qtrans(T), were computed for six isotopologues of NO: 14N16O, 15N16O, 14N18O, 14N17O, 15N18O, 15N17O. These were used to determine the total partition sum, Q(T), and its first and second moments, Q̃′T and Q̃″T. The total internal partition sum was computed using term values determined by Qu et al. [Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 504, 5768–5777 (2021)] for 14N16O and those of Wong et al. [Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 470, 882–897, (2017)] for the other isotopologues. These term values are the best available and hence provide the most accurate total internal partition sums and its first and second moments. The uncertainties in Qint(T), its moments, and the resulting thermodynamic functions were determined from the uncertainty in the term values and the uncertainty due to the convergence of the partition sum and its moments. From these quantities, the isobaric heat capacity, Helmholtz energy, entropy, enthalpy, Gibbs function, and the JANAF functions hef and gef, and their uncertainties, were computed on a 1 K grid from 1 to 9000 K. The data are compared with the literature values. The resulting thermodynamic quantities are the most accurate determined from direct summation of Q(T), Q̃′T, and Q̃″T.
Application of machine learning in on-line calibration of flow measurement errors
Authors: Zhu Yusong , Gui Juan , Wang Haoyang , Cheng Shijian , Li Zhao , Ran Lingwei 
Published: August 2024

With the vigorous construction of an intelligent pipe network, an automatic flowmeter was the key to realize online flow measurement of oil and gas. Ensuring the accuracy of flow measurement was very important to achieve real-time feedback on oil–gas production status for adjusting the oil recovery technology. However, due to the changing flow state of the oil–gas in the pipe and the error of the flow-meter itself, there were some errors during flow measurement. Therefore, based on the machine learning method, this paper corrected the errors caused by the pulsating flow and the flowmeter itself in data drift. The results showed that the toy–LSTM model can measure the pulsating flow accurately. When the number of toy–LSTM model neurons was ranged between 10 and 50, both RMSE and R2 showed good performance. The average of multiple predicted results presented higher accuracy than that of single predicted results, and furthermore, the drop rate can significantly increase the robustness of the toy–LSTM model. It should be noted that the optimal case proposed in this paper was based on a specific condition in the field. In the actual application, it was necessary to comprehensively consider the number of branch pipes, the change in oil well production, the characteristics of the oil–gas–water mixture, and other factors to determine the specific values of the number of neurons, the drop rate, and other parameters. Aiming at the distortion caused by the data drift of the flowmeter itself, the program was designed and data were collected from the software platform, information collector, and base station. The data acquisition of temperature–pressure integrated sensor and flowmeter was carried out in the field. In 20 groups of experiments, the online corrected program based on the Mexican Hat wavelet transform can realize accurate identification and automatic corrected responses, and the corrected time was within 5 min.
Warp drives and closed timelike curves
Authors: Shoshany Barak , Snodgrass Ben 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
It is commonly accepted that superluminal travel may be used to facilitate time travel. This is a purely special-relativistic argument, using the fact that for observers in two frames of reference, separated by a spacelike interval, the non-causal (spacelike) future of one observer includes part of the causal past of the other. In this paper we provide a concrete realization of this argument in a curved general-relativistic spacetime, using warp drives as the means of faster-than-light travel. By generalizing the usual warp drive metric to allow for a non-unit lapse function, we allow the warp drive to switch between reference frames in a purely geometric way. With an additional modification allowing the warp drive to have compact support, this permits us to glue two warp drives together to construct a closed timelike geodesic, such that a test particle following the geodesics of the two warp drives travels back to its own past. This provides a precise mathematical model for the connection between faster-than-light travel and time travel in general relativity, and the first such model to be explicitly formulated using two warp drives. We also give a detailed discussion of weak energy condition violations in the non-unit-lapse warp drive.
An inexpensive way to introduce students to gamma spectroscopy
Authors: Arsenić Ilija , Krmar Miodrag , Radulović Branka , Semchukov Pavel , Yarygin Gennady , Sidorov Nikita 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper presents two ways to introduce the student to some basic experimental concepts of gamma spectroscopy, without the use of expensive professional measurement equipment. For one, the complete experiment was simulated through several computer programs. Using this simulation, students are tasked with performing all the operations that must be performed in a real experimental setup, to obtain the spectrum of gamma radiation, as the expected result. For the second approach, equipment has been designed that looks and functions like real experimental equipment, and students can use it to perform completely identical procedures in the measurement process as with the real one. The central part of each component of a system designed in this way is a programmable microcontroller, set to perform a function analogous to that of the actual components. By working in these two ways, with a virtual experiment or a setup designed to fully imitate real measurement equipment, students can be introduced to the field of gamma spectroscopy and acquire a routine that can be repeated in real experiments. The main advantage of these two described methods is that they only require small investments.
Reconstructing a state-independent cost function in a mean-field game model
Authors: Ren Kui , Soedjak Nathan , Wang Kewei , Zhai Hongyu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this short note, we consider an inverse problem to a mean-field games (MFGs) system where we are interested in reconstructing the state-independent running cost function from observed value-function data. We provide an elementary proof of a uniqueness result for the inverse problem using the standard multilinearization technique. One of the main features of our work is that we insist that the population distribution be a probability measure, a requirement that is not enforced in some of the existing literature on theoretical inverse MFGs.
Bandwidth enhancement of piezoelectric MEMS microspeaker via central diaphragm actuation and filter integration
Authors: Lin Chia-Hao , Wei Ting-Chou , Tseng Chin , Hu Zih-Song , Lai Mei-Feng , Fang Weileun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study presents the piezoelectric microspeaker design consisted of the central-diaphragm, connecting-spring, and cantilever-plate actuators to create two resonances in the desired frequency range. In addition to the cantilever-plate actuator, the electrical routing and piezoelectric film are designed to drive the central-diaphragm independently. According to the stress distributions on the microspeaker structure for both lower and higher modes, the all-pass filter circuit is designed and implemented to manage the phase of input signals to the central-diaphragm, thereby changing the motion of the proposed design. Thus, the sound pressure level (SPL) beyond 1 kHz is improved and the SPL zero at specific frequency range is avoided. As a result, the bandwidth enhancement is achieved by the proposed microspeaker. Measurements are conducted under 0.707 Vrms with 9 VDC driving voltage in standard ear simulator to evaluate the performances of the proposed design. A reference design without a piezoelectric film on the central-diaphragm is also implemented for comparison. Measurements indicate, in the low frequency range (before 4 kHz), the proposed designs have over 3 dB SPL enhancement due to the excitation of central-diaphragm. Moreover, compared to the reference design, proposed designs prevent the occurrence of an SPL zero near 10 kHz (between lower and higher modes) and achieve over 15 dB SPL enhancement. When the driving frequency exceeds the higher mode (14 kHz), the proposed design with the all-pass filter eliminates the SPL zero (at 16.8 kHz) with nearly 8 dB enhancement in the 15–18 kHz frequency range. Thus, this study demonstrates the bandwidth enhancement by the proposed microspeaker design with central-diaphragm actuation and all-pass filter integration.
Uncovering the thermal conductivity of graphene nanoplatelet composites with interlayers using a Monte Carlo model
Authors: Fang Chao , Zheng Xiaogang , Liu Jue , Du Han , Weng George J 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper uses a Monte Carlo method to study the thermal conductivity of graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) composites. Firstly, a large number of GNPs are randomly set in a representative volume element. Then, based on a temperature satisfying the Laplace equation in a matrix, a coated surface (CS) is set up on each GNP surface, and the temperature of the CS and GNP can be obtained by the walk-on-spheres (WoS) method. Finally, the WoS method continues to be applied to calculate the heat flux density of the composite materials, further obtaining the thermal conductivity of the composites. We add the influence of interlayers in random walks. We incorporate the influence of interlayers in the WoS process, and the points that walk onto the interlayer surface have a very low probability of reaching the GNP due to the extremely low thermal conductivity of the interlayer. The calculated results are consistent with the experimental data. The model also studies the effects of the size, orientation, and aggregation of GNPs on the thermal conductivity of composite materials.
Note on testing of radiological events in conventional and dental radiology
Authors: Trindade Hugo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Since 2013, the adoption of Directive 2013/59/EURATOM in the European Union has mandated emergency plans for facilities housing radiology equipment, including radiology and dental clinics, and required periodical testing of these plans. However, the testing procedures have sparked widespread confusion regarding the definition of radiological emergencies in clinical settings. A potential solution lies in broadening the scope to include ‘radiological events’, covering accidents, incidents or other type of unjustified exposures. Utilizing realistic scenarios can enhance the radiological protection system within institutions, specifically addressing situations that might lead to unwanted patient exposure.
Wavelet denoising analysis on vacuum-process monitoring signals of aerospace vacuum vessel structures
Authors: Ma Jie , Gong Zhe , Yan Chang-Lin , Cao Peng-Fei , Wang Hua-Ping 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The monitoring of micro-defects or external actions induced vacuum degradation in aerospace vacuum vessels is an important challenge. A vacuum-process monitoring method based on quasi-distributed fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing technology is proposed. Due to the influence of environmental noise and vacuum pump operation noise, the raw signals measured by FBG sensors contain a large amount of noises, which affects the measurement accuracy and data analysis. Therefore, the wavelet threshold (WT) denoising method is proposed to analyze the influence of noises on the monitoring signals measured by two different kinds of FBG sensors. The evaluation of the monitoring signals after denoising indicates that the proposed method can effectively remove the noise and significantly improve signal quality. The highest signal-to-noise ratio of the processed signals can reach 37.61 dB and the mean square error is 3.68 × 10−7, while retaining the key features of the original signal. The proposed WT denoising method demonstrates better performance and feasibility compared with moving average filtering and Kalman filtering methods. The study provides critical supports for improving the performance and reliability of the vacuum vessel monitoring system.
Effect of helium bubbles on the mobility of edge dislocations in copper
Authors: Tam Hoang Minh , Mathew Nithin , Blaschke Daniel N , Fensin Saryu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Helium bubbles can form in materials upon exposure to irradiation. It is well known that the presence of helium bubbles can cause changes in the mechanical behavior of materials. To improve the lifetime of nuclear components, it is important to understand deformation mechanisms in helium-containing materials. In this work, we investigate the interactions between edge dislocations and helium bubbles in copper using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We focus on the effect of helium bubble pressure (equivalently, the helium-to-vacancy ratio) on the obstacle strength of helium bubbles and their interaction with dislocations. Our simulations predict significant differences in the interaction mechanisms as a function of helium bubble pressure. Specifically, bubbles with high internal pressure are found to exhibit weaker obstacle strength as compared to low-pressure bubbles of the same size due to the formation of super-jogs in the dislocation. Activation energies and rate constants extracted from the MD data confirm this transition in mechanism and enable upscaling of these phenomena to higher length-scale models.
Cycle-frequency content EEG analysis improves the assessment of respiratory-related cortical activity
Authors: Navarro-Sune Xavier , Raux Mathieu , Hudson Anna L , Similowski Thomas , Chavez Mario 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective. Time–frequency (T–F) analysis of electroencephalographic (EEG) is a common technique to characterise spectral changes in neural activity. This study explores the limitations of utilizing conventional spectral techniques in examining cyclic event-related cortical activities due to challenges, including high inter-trial variability. Approach. Introducing the cycle-frequency (C-F) analysis, we aim to enhance the evaluation of cycle-locked respiratory events. For synthetic EEG that mimicked cycle-locked pre-motor activity, C-F had more accurate frequency and time localization compared to conventional T–F analysis, even for a significantly reduced number of trials and a variability of breathing rhythm. Main results. Preliminary validations using real EEG data during both unloaded breathing and loaded breathing (that evokes pre-motor activity) suggest potential benefits of using the C-F method, particularly in normalizing time units to cyclic activity phases and refining baseline placement and duration. Significance. The proposed approach could provide new insights for the study of rhythmic neural activities, complementing T–F analysis.