bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Different Doses of Quercetin against Chemically Induced Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Hamsters
Authors: Radi Nadia Attia , Hallool Seham Ibrahim , Elsamia Hanaa Mohamed Abd 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
The use of Caspase-3 to evaluate the chemopreventive effect of quercetin on experimentally induced squamous cell carcinoma was applied in the current study.

Materials and Methods:
Five groups of Syrian male hamsters were employed in the study. Group I (negative control): 5 animals do not receive any treatment. Group II: 5 animals receiving (quercetin only at a concentration of 150 mg/kg). Group III (dimethylbenz(a)anthracene [DMBA]-treated group for 14 weeks): 10 animals were coated with 0.5% DMBA. Group IV (DMBA + quercetin 150 mg/kg): 15 animals receiving quercetin of a concentration (150 mg/kg) every day through a gavage tube along with painting the hamster buccal pouch with DMBA (0.5%) three times per week for 14 weeks. Group V (DMBA + quercetin 50 mg/kg): 15 animals receiving quercetin of concentration (50 mg/kg) every day through a gavage tube along with painting the hamster buccal pouch with DMBA (0.5%) for 14 weeks at three times each week.

Results:
Group III showed the lowest mean area percent (10.23), whereas Group V revealed the highest mean area percent value (23.64). All groups showed a statistically significant difference among them.

Conclusion:
Quercetin showed apoptotic potential validated by Caspase-3, so it may be a valuable chemopreventive agent antagonizing DMBA-induced carcinogenesis in animal models.
Faculty Experiences: Virtual versus Traditional Problem-based Learning during COVID-19 in a Saudi Medical College
Authors: Almansour Mohammed , Alrumaihi Nouf , Alanazi Omar , Feda Jude , Saeed Majda , Soliman Mona 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced a fast change to new teaching approaches based on online education. Problem-based learning (PBL) was one of the modified teaching strategies. The current study sought to examine faculty perceptions of virtual versus traditional PBL during the COVID-19 pandemic at a Saudi medical college.

Methods:
This is a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at King Saud University’s College of Medicine. We compared the perceptions of faculty members who facilitated traditional face-to-face PBL in 2019–2020 and virtual PBL in 2020–2021. An online survey with demographic and practice data was distributed. The faculty’s perception of PBL facilitation, student learning, and overall satisfaction was investigated using a 5-degree Likert scale: 15 items grouped into three main areas. All of the questions were written in a way that compares traditional and virtual PBL. Mean scores were determined for all parts, and the findings were reported as mean standard deviation, with scores of 3 and above considered positive, and scores of <3 considered negative. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 25.0.

Results:
In the study period, 57 faculty members facilitating PBL replied to the survey (response rate 67.85%). There were no gender variations in the representation of participants (male 56.1%, female 43.9%), and they come from a variety of basic and clinical departments. The majority of participants (91.3%) have more than 2 years of PBL facilitation experience, and 64.2% have received training in both virtual and traditional PBL facilitation. The faculty assessment of facilitating virtual PBL was favorable as overall satisfaction, with the mean of the components in the satisfaction section being 3.67. In terms of facilitation preferences, we discovered that despite the amount of effort involved in facilitating traditional PBL sessions (mean = 3.47), their motivation to facilitate traditional PBL was higher than that of virtual PBL (mean = 3.33). Faculty perceptions of students’ learning in PBL were more traditional, with the mean of the items in this section (such as students’ motivation, participation, and group dynamics) being higher (3.616).

Conclusions:
The faculty’s satisfaction with their abilities to properly facilitate virtual PBL sessions did not detract from their motivation to be in direct personal interaction with students during PBL sessions. To ensure faculty care about students’ learning in virtual PBL, their perception had to be correlated to their learning outcomes.
Profile of drug-resistant tuberculosis post universal drug susceptibility testing in Jabalpur division, Madhya Pradesh: study
Authors: Tomar Akanksha , Tiwari Rajesh , Bharti Aditi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) can be a menace for TB elimination, making it crucial to identify the drivers of this multifaceted challenge. Now, as drug sensitivity results are available at the commencement of the treatment, DRTB patients can be delineated earlier rather than once landing into treatment failure.

Objectives:
The study was done to assess the sociodemographic and behavioral profile of DR-TB patients and its association with the drug-resistant pattern following the introduction of universal drug sensitivity testing in the program.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at the DRTB center, Jabalpur. Record review was done for registered patients through the NIKSHAY portal, notification, laboratory registers, and PMDT treatment cards, for the period January 2018 to December 2019 excluding the transferred-out cases. Patients were contacted for any missing information. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20. The Chi-square test was applied for statistical significance considering P ≤ 0.05 to be significant at 95% confidence level.

Results:
Among 201 patients, the majority were males (62.2%) of the younger (18–30 years) age group (42.3%), residing below the poverty line (62.2%) in urban slums (40.8%). There was a preponderance of tobacco users (88.5%), whereas 22.9% were alcoholics. Nutritional status revealed 59.7% to be underweight, whereas 9% were overweight. Review of drug-resistant profile had shown multidrug resistance (MDR) to be most common (70.6%), followed by H resistance (13.4%) and others (MDR + fluoroquinolone [FQ] [10.4%], extensively drug-resistant [3.5%], H + FQ/second-line injectable [SLI]/LZ [1.5%], MDR + SLI [0.5%]). Belonging to lower socioeconomic strata, residing in urban slums, and being engaged in a labor class occupational profile carries a statistically significant association with MDR TB.

Conclusion:
MDR is the most common pattern of DR TB in the study population, proportionally higher in urban slum dwellers.
Ureteroscopy Outcome and Its Determinants in a Resource-Limited Setting
Authors: Mohammed Seid , Redi Sultan , Berhe Tekleberhan , Teshome Henok 
Published: July 2024

Background: Ureteroscopy is a major diagnostic and therapeutic technique for lesions of the ureter and intrarenal collecting system.
Methods: A retrospective chart review was done at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Ethiopia to determine the outcome of ureteroscopy and factors affecting it. The study period was from January 2018 to April 2018. Multivariate analysis was done to determine factors affecting stone clearance and success rate.
Result: One hundred six patients who underwent semirigid ureteroscopy were included in the study. The male-to-female ratio was 1.8:1. The mean age of the patients was 36.4 years (±12.6). Ninety-six (90.6%) patients were found to have ureteric stones, while 9(8.5%) patients had a ureteric stricture. Ureteroscopy therapeutic interventions for stones were successful in 89 (92.7%) patients. The mean procedure time and postoperative hospital stay were 44 minutes (±23.7) and 2.5 days (±2.5) respectively. Intraoperative complications (ureteric avulsion, hemorrhage, and ureteral perforations) occurred in 6(5.7%) patients. The stone clearance rate was 54.7% (52). The site of obstruction was passed in 93 patients making the success rate of the procedure 87.7%. The absence of intraoperative complications was significantly associated with success rate. Patients with intraoperative complications have low success rate (20%) compared to patients without complications (92.3%), p=0.42.
Conclusion: Semirigid ureteroscopy had a good success rate, especially for stones in the distal ureter and if there is no flexible ureteroscope, it is an acceptable alternative.
Mature Solid Teratoma of the Retroperitoneum Presenting as Sigmoid Colon Polyp with Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Case Report
Authors: Onyishi Nnaemeka Thaddeus , Lebbie Aiah , Sesay Alie Amin , Duduyemi Babatunde Moses 
Published: July 2024

Background: Mature colonic teratomas are rare tumors and no case, to the best of our knowledge, has been reported from the African continent. In addition, some pedunculated teratomas in the colon have been treated by endoscopic polypectomy and classified as primary teratoma of the colon. We report a case of a distinct intra sigmoid pedunculated teratoma originating from the retroperitoneum of a 4-year-old African girl and we highlight the potential for misclassification of primary origin of endoscopically removed polypoid teratomas in the colon.
Case Presentation: A 4 year-old black African female child who presented with abdominal pain and hematochezia. On clinical assessment, she was found to be anaemic and to have a sigmoid colon mass. At surgery, there was a mobile mass within the lumen of sigmoid colon and the mass was fixed to the retroperitoneum by a stalk of tissue. Pathologist’s review of the resected sigmoid segment showed a pedunculated intra-sigmoid mass with the stalk traversing the wall of the colon. The mass was histologically proven a mature solid teratoma.
Conclusion: This, to the best of our knowledge, is the first report of intra sigmoid teratoma from the African continent. It highlights the potential for misclassification of endoscopically resected colonic teratomas.
Maternal Vitamin D Status and Its Associated Environmental Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Chee Woon Fui , Aji Arif Sabta , Lipoeto Nur Indrawaty , Siew Chin Yit 
Published: July 2024

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is common among women during pregnancy. This study aims to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and their shared modifiable environmental factors among pregnant women in Indonesia and Malaysia.
Methods: Blood samples of 844 third-trimester pregnant women (Indonesians: 311; Malaysians: 533) were collected to determine their serum 25(OH) D levels. Information on sun exposure and sun protection behaviours were obtained through face-to-face interviews. Dietary vitamin D intake was assessed by using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire.
Results: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<30 nmol/L) among Indonesian and Malaysian pregnant women were 42.4% and 72.0%, respectively. Percentage of exposed body surface area was inversely associated with vitamin D deficiency among Indonesian pregnant women (OR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.09-0.48). Among Malaysian pregnant women, higher intakes of dietary vitamin D were associated with lower risk of vitamin D deficiency (OR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.29-0.81). Analysis of the combined cohorts revealed a lower risk of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women who had a daily intake of at least 15 mcg vitamin D (OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.38-0.88) and exposure of more than 27% body surface area to the sunlight (OR = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.16-0.60).
Conclusion: Despite abundant sunshine, vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among pregnant women in tropical countries. The present study suggests that nutrition education on vitamin D intake and sun exposure during pregnancy is necessary for primary prevention of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women living in the tropical countries.
Electroencephalographic Findings, Antiepileptic Drugs and Risk Factors of 433 Individuals Referred to a Tertiary Care Hospital in Ethiopia
Authors: Ayele Biniyam A. , Belay Hanna Demissie , Oda Dereje Melka , Gelan Yohannes D. , Negash Hanna Assefa , Kifelew Selam , Gebrewold Meron Awraris , Hagos Teklil , Zewde Yared Z. , Yifru Yared Mamushet , Tsehayneh Fikru , Amare Amanuel , Moges Ayalew , Gugssa Seid Ali , Mengesha Abenet Tafesse 
Published: July 2024

Background: Little is known about the characteristics of electroencephalogram (EEG) findings in epileptic patients in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to characterize the EEG patterns, indications, antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), and epilepsy risk factors.Methods: A retrospective observational review of EEG test records of 433 patients referred to our electrophysiology unit between July 01, 2020 and December 31, 2021.Results: The age distribution in the study participants was right skewed unipolar age distribution for both sexes and the mean age of 33.8 (SD=15.7) years. Male accounted for 51.7%. Generalized tonic clonic seizure was the most common seizure type. The commonest indication for EEG was abnormal body movement with loss of consciousness (35.2%). Abnormal EEG findings were observed in 55.2%; more than half of them were Interictal epileptiform discharges, followed by focal/or generalized slowing. Phenobarbitone was the commonest AEDs. A quarter (20.1%) of the patients were getting a combination of two AEDs and 5.2% were on 3 different AEDs. Individuals taking the older AEDs and those on 2 or more AEDs tended to have abnormal EEG findings. A cerebrovascular disorder (27.4%) is the prevalent risk factor identified followed by brain tumor, HIV infection, and traumatic head injury respectively.Conclusion: High burden of abnormal EEG findings among epileptic patients referred to our unit. The proportion of abnormal EEG patterns was higher in patients taking older generation AEDs and in those on 2 or more AEDs. Stroke, brain tumor, HIV infection and traumatic head injury were the commonest identified epilepsy risk factors.
High Magnitude Advanced Colorectal Cancer at Diagnosis in Ethiopian Patients: Imaging Pattern and Associated Factors
Authors: Assefa Getachew Kebede  , Tesfaye Kebede  , Asfaw Atnafu  
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent and incident cancers worldwide with an Increasing prevalence in a younger age in developing countries. The aim of the study was to determine the staging and imaging pattern of CRC at diagnosis.
METHODS: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study including all consecutive cases of CRC found in the departments of radiology and oncology during the study period from March 2016 - February 2017.
RESULTS: A total of 132 CRC cases were studied with M: F = 2.4:1, mean age of 46yrs and 67.4% </= 50yrs. Left-sided tumors were associated with rectal bleeding (p = 0.001) and bowel habit change (p =0.045) whereas right-side tumors were associated with weight loss ( p = 0.02) and abdominal pain ( p = 0.004). 84.5% of CRC presented at an advanced stage, and 32% had distant metastasis. Young age was associated with the advanced stage (P=0.006) whereas family history was associated with the lower stage (P=0.008). Distance metastasis was associated with Colonic lesions (P=0.003) and emergent presentation (P=0.008). Asymmetric wall thickening with luminal narrowing was significantly associated with left side tumor (95% vs 21.4%) whereas large mass with necrosis was significantly associated with right side tumor (50% vs 5%) (P= 0.004),
CONCLUSION: CRC is presented at a younger age and at an advanced stage. The majority of CRCs were left-sided and rectal. Increasing the index of suspicion for CRC in patients with rectal bleeding and, bowel habit change is recommended.
The Effect of Community Health Information System on Health Care Services Utilization in Rural Ethiopia
Authors: Setegn Tigabu  , Girmay Medhin  , Mulusew G. Jebena  , Tegene Legese Dadi  , Daniel Tadesse  , Mekdes Demissie  , Fasil Walelign Fentaye  , Zelalem Tazu  , Shegaw Mulu  , Yibeltal Kiflie Alemayehu  , Alula M. Teklu  
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: In Ethiopia, the community health information system (CHIS) is implemented at the health post (hp) level with the aim of improving service delivery and use. We conducted a national level assessment of CHIS utilization and explored the associations of CHIS utilization with use of antenatal care (ANC), postnatal care (PNC), institutional delivery and child immunization in rural Ethiopia. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study measuring community-based health service use and HP based CHIS assessment from March to May 2019. Data were collected from 343 HPs and 2,864 women who delivered in the last five years, and multistage sampling was used to select the study subjects. We used descriptive statistics for CHIS implementation and service utilization and multilevel logistic regression to investigate the association of CHIS implementation with maternal and child health care services use.
RESULTS: Fifty five percent of the HPs were implementing CHIS. These HPs were using a paper-based household data collection tool called family folder (FF). Of the HPs, one third implemented lot quality assurance sampling (LQAS) based data quality check and 60.4% documented and followed execution of decisions. Overall, among the eligible women, 40% used ANC, close to 50% of currently married women used ANC services; 28% of women that fall in the high wealth index category used PNC within 48 hours after delivery; and 86.1% of women who had at least a high school education delivered at a health facility. Implementation of CHIS and family folder utilization and conducting LQAS based data quality check in the HPs were significantly associated with increased odds of ANC, delivery, and vaccination services use.
CONCLUSION: We found that better implementation of CHIS was associated with better maternal and child health service use which implies that increasing utilization of CHIS at HPs will improve mother and child health service use.
EMERGING ACTIVITY OF CELLULAR IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR TREATMENT OF CANCER IN BRAZIL
Authors: Da Silva Cinthya Corrêa , João Simione Anderson , Moreira da Silva Sabaini Paula , Vaz Macedo Antonio , Heliz Regina Alves das Neves  , Ammi Monique , Ferreira da Costa Flavia , Viana Valeria , Mendes de Quadros Cavilha Adriana , Rocha Concilio Rosana , Scheinberg Phillip , Hamerschlak Nelson , Salvino Marco Aurelio , Seber Adriana , Augusta Sarkis Novis Yana , Geraldo Rocha Vanderson , Gasparini dos Santos Joaquim , Mariano da Rocha Silla Lucia , Chiattone Ricardo , Feitosa Ribeiro Andreza Alice , Araújo Moreira Funke Vaneuza , Javier Arcuri Leonardo , Nassif kerbauy Lucila , Schmidt Filho Jayr , Maria Sales Bonfim Carmem , Ojima Ferreira Simone , Pasquini Marcelo , Barroso Duarte Fernando 
Published: July 2024

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR T cells) are genetically modified cellular immunotherapies approved for standard of care treatment of patients with lymphoma and leukemia worldwide. Here we report the initial activity in Brazilian centers through the collaboration between the Brazilian Cellular Therapy and Bone Marrow Transplant Society (SBTMO) and Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR). A total of 38 patients who received CAR T cells between 2020 and 2023. The median age was 47 years (range 4-77). Indications include Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL; 26 cases; 68%), Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL; 9 cases; 24%), and Multiple Myeloma (MM; 3 cases; 8%). 84% (75% - 24 NHL cases and 25% - 8 ALL cases) were commercial. This report demonstrates the initial implementation of CAR T cells in Brazil among centers that report to the SBTMO/CIBMTR. This infrastructure will assist in further capturing the activity, assessing the outcomes, and complying with regulatory requirements.
FRAZEOLOGIK BIRLIKLAR KOMPONENTLARI TAHLILI VA ULARNING STRUKTURAVIY MODELLARI
Authors: Narmuratov Zayniddin 
Published: July 2024

Ushbu maqolada frazeologik birliklarning yasalish tamoyillari va strukturaviy modellari o‘rganilgan. Ingliz tilida ta’lim va ilm mazmunli frazeologik quyidagi adjective + noun, conjunction + pronoun + noun, noun + verb + noun ,noun + conjunction + noun, noun + verb + verb, pronoun + verb + noun strukturaviy modellari aniqlangan bo‘lsa, o‘zbek tilida esa ot + ot + sifat, ot + ot + ot, ot + sifat + ot, ot + ot+fe’l, fe’l + ot+fe’l, ot + ot+ son, ot + sifat+ fe’l, ot + ot+ son, ot + sifat+ fe’l, sifat+ ot+ fe’l, ot+ fe’l+fe’l kabi strukturaviy modellari aniqlangan. Shu bilan birga ingliz tilida ta’lim va ilm komponentli frazeologik birliklar morfologik vositalar (affikslar, qo‘shimchalar)siz (Don’t judge a book by its cover) hosil bo‘lsa, o‘zbek tilida esa turli morfologik vositalarni, ya’ni affiks va qo‘shimchalarni (yerning tagida ilon qimirlasa biladi) qo‘shish orqali so‘zlarni sintaktik bog‘lanishi orqali hosil bo‘lishi tadqiq etilgan.
HUQUQBUZARLIKKA MOYIL BO‘LGAN BOLALARDA O‘Z-O‘ZINI NAZORAT QILISH KO‘NIKMASINI SHAKLLANTIRISHNING NAZARIY ASOSLARI
Authors: Nazarova Ra’no 
Published: July 2024

Bugungi bozor iqtisodiyoti davrida ko‘plab insonlar turli muammolar bilan band bo‘lib qolganliklari bilan birga bu davrda ota-onalar va farzandlar o‘rtasidagi hissiy aloqalar biroz sustlashganligi ham kuzatiladi. Maqolada ana shunday vaziyatda bolalarning o‘z-o‘zini boshqarish ko‘nikmasini shakllantirish va bu orqali ularning huquqbuzarligini oldini olishning nazariy asoslari yoritib berilgan.
Pengaruh Kepercayaan dan Pemahaman Masyarakat Kampung Bener Pepanyi Terhadap Minat Membayar Zakat di Baitul Mal Bener Meriah
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Iskandar Iskandar , Putri Juliana , Sauri Sofian 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian yang berjudul “Pengaruh Kepercayaan dan Pemahaman Masyarakat Kampung Bener Pepanyi Terhadap Minat Membayar Zakat di Baitul Mal Bener Meriah”. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu (1) untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepercayaan berpengaruh terhadap minat masyarakat dalam membayar zakat di Baitul Mal Bener Meriah (2) untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemahaman berpengaruh terhadap Minat Masyarakat dalam membayar Zakat Di Baitul Mal Bener Meriah (3) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepercayaan dan pemahaman berpengaruh terhadap simultan terhadap Minat Masyarakat membayar Zakat di Baitul Mal Bener Meriah. Penelitian ini mengunakan pendekatan secara kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengaruh antara satu variabel dengan variabel lainnya adapun variabel dalam penelitian ini yaitu Minat (Y), Kepercayaan (X1), Pemahaman (X2). Adapun data yang digunakan data sekunder berupa data runtun waktu dalam model hipotesisnya. Populasi dan sample penelitian ini di ambil dari masyrakat Kampung Bener Pepanyi, Kecamatan Permata, Kabupaten Bener Meriah. Adapun jumlah yang membayar Zakat di Kampung Bener Pepanyi pada tahun 2022 sebanyak 63 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data mengunakan kouesioner. Analisa data mengunakan SPSS versi 25. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa kepercayaan dan pemahaman berpengaruh terhadap minat masyarakat dalam membayar Zakat di Baitul Mal Bener Meriah. Hasil Uji F Variabel Kepercayan (X1) dan Pemahaman (X2) berpengaruh terhadap simultan terhadap Minat Masyarakat dalam Membayar Zakat di Baitul Mal Bener Meriah