bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrospun MgO/Nylon 6 Hybrid Nanofibers for Protective Clothing
Authors: Dhineshbabu Nattanmai Raman , Karunakaran Gopalu , Suriyaprabha Rangaraj , Manivasakan Palanisamy , Rajendran Venkatachalam 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Magnesia (MgO) nanoparticles were produced from magnesite ore (MgCO3) using ball mill. The crystalline size, morphology and specific SSA were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission electron microscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method, respectively. MgO nanoparticle-incorporated nylon 6 solutions were electrospun to produce nanofiber mats. Surface morphology and internal structure of the prepared hybrid nanofiber mats were examined by scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The fire retardancy and antibacterial activity (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) of coated fabrics made from MgO/nylon 6 hybrid nanofiber are better than those from nylon 6 nanofiber.
RuRh Bimetallic Nanoparticles Stabilized by 15-membered Macrocycles-terminated Poly(propylene imine) Dendrimer: Preparation and Catalytic Hydrogenation of Nitrile—Butadiene Rubber
Authors: Wang Yang , Peng Xiaohong 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
A new fourth-generation poly(propylene imine) dendrimer (G4-M) containing 32 triolefinic 15-membered macrocycles on the surfaces has been synthesized. The bimetallic RuRh-dendrimer-stabilized nanoparticles (DSNs) were first prepared within G4-M by a co-complexation route. The new G4-M dendrimer has been characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared radiation, and elemental analysis. The dendrimer-stabilized bimetallic ions and reduction courses were analyzed by UV-vis spectroscopy. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer were used to characterize the bimetallic nanoparticle size, size distribution, and particle morphology. The RuRh bimetallic DSNs showed high catalytic activity for the hydrogenation of nitrile-butadiene rubber.
Role of Contact and Contact Modification on Photo-response in a Charge Transfer Complex Single Nanowire Device
Authors: Basori Rabaya , Raychaudhuri A. K. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
We investigated the feasibility of obtaining large photoresponse in metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM)type single nanowire device where one contact can be blocking type. We showed that suitable modification of the blocking contact by deposition of a capping metal using focused electron beam (FEB) can lead to considerable enhancement of the photoresponse. The work was done in a single Cu:TCNQ nanowire device fabricated by direct growth of nanowires (NW) from pre-patterned Cu electrode which makes the contact ohmic with the other contact made from Au. Analysis of the data shows that the large photoresponse of the devices arises predominantly due to reduction of the barriers at the Au/NW blocking contact on illumination. This is caused by the diffusion of the photo generated carriers from the nanowires to the contact region. When the barrier height is further reduced by treating the contact with FEB deposited Pt, this results in a large enhancement in the device photoresponse.
Position-resolved Surface Characterization and Nanofabrication Using an Optical Microscope Combined with a Nanopipette/Quartz Tuning Fork Atomic Force Microscope
Authors: An Sangmin , Sung Baekman , Noh Haneol , Stambaugh Corey , Kwon Soyoung , Lee Kunyoung , Kim Bongsu , Kim Qhwan , Jhe Wonho 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this work, we introduce position-resolved surface characterization and nanofabrication using an optical microscope (OM) combined with a nanopipette-based quartz tuning fork atomic force microscope (nanopipette/QTF-AFM) system. This system is used to accurately determine substrate position and nanoscale phenomena under ambient conditions. Solutions consisting of 5 nm Au nanoparticles, nanowires, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are deposited onto the substrate through the nano/microaperture of a pulled pipette. Nano/microscale patterning is performed using a nanopipette/QTF-AFM, while position is resolved by monitoring the substrate with a custom OM. With this tool, one can perform surface characterization (force spectroscopy/microscopy) using the quartz tuning fork (QTF) sensor. Nanofabrication is achieved by accurately positioning target materials on the surface, and on-demand delivery and patterning of various solutions for molecular architecture.
Highly Efficient Adsorption of Copper Ions by a PVP-Reduced Graphene Oxide Based On a New Adsorptions Mechanism
Authors: Zhang Yongji , Chi Huijuan , Zhang Wenhui , Sun Youyi , Liang Qing , Gu Yu , Jing Riya 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Polyvinylpyrrolidone-reduced graphene oxide was prepared by modified hummers method and was used as adsorbent for removing Cu ions from wastewater. The effects of contact time and ions concentration on adsorption capacity were examined. The maximum adsorption capacity of 1689 mg/g was observed at an initial pH value of 3.5 after agitating for 10 min. It was demonstrated that polyvinylpyrrolidone-reduced graphene oxide had a huge adsorption capacity for Cu ions, which was 10 times higher than maximal value reported in previous works. The adsorption mechanism was also discussed by density functional theory. It demonstrates that Cu ions are attracted to surface of reduced graphene oxide by C atoms in reduced graphene oxide modified by polyvinylpyrrolidone through physisorption processes, which may be responsible for the higher adsorption capacity. Our results suggest that polyvinylpyrrolidone-reduced graphene oxide is an effective adsorbent for removing Cu ions in wastewater. It also provides a new way to improve the adsorption capacity of reduced graphene oxide for dealing with the heavy metal ion in wastewater.
Recent Progress on the Fabrication of Ultrafine Polyamide-6 Based Nanofibers Via Electrospinning: A Topical Review
Authors: Nirmala R. , Navamathavan R. , Park Soo-Jin , Kim Hak Yong 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Electrospinning is a highly versatile technique to prepare continuous fibers with diameters of the order of nanometers. The remarkable high aspect ratio and high porosity bring electrospun nanofibers highly attractive to various nanotechnological applications such as filtration membranes, protective clothing, drug delivery, tissue-engineering, biosensors, catalysis, fuel cells and so on. In this review, we collectively summarized the recent progress in developments of the electrospun ultrafine polyamide-6 based nanofibers preparation, characterization and their applications. Information of this polyamide-6 and composites together with their processing conditions for electrospinning of ultrafine nanofibers has been summarized in this review. The recent developments made during last few years on these materials are addressed in this review. We are anticipating that this review certainly drive the researchers for developing more intensive investigation for exploring in many technological areas.
Singular Sheet Etching of Graphene with Oxygen Plasma
Authors: Al-Mumen Haider , Rao Fubo , Li Wen , Dong Lixin 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
This paper reports a simple and controllable post-synthesis method for engineering the number of graphene layers based on oxygen plasma etching. Singular sheet etching (SSE) of graphene was achieved with the optimum process duration of 38 seconds. As a demonstration of this SSE process, monolayer graphene films were produced from bilayer graphenes. Experimental investigations verified that the oxygen plasma etching removes a single layer graphene sheet in an anisotropic fashion rather than anisotropic mode. In addition, etching via the oxygen plasma at the ground electrodes introduced fewer defects to the bottom graphene layer compared with the conventional oxygen reactive ion etching using the powered electrodes. Such defects can further be reduced with an effective annealing treatment in an argon environment at 900–1000°C. These results demonstrate that our developed SSE method has enabled a microelectronics manufacturing compatible way for single sheet precision subtraction of graphene layers and a potential technique for producing large size graphenes with high yield from multilayer graphite materials.
A Bionic Fish Cilia Median-Low Frequency Three-Dimensional Piezoresistive MEMS Vector Hydrophone
Authors: Hang Guo-jun , Li Zhen , Wu Shu-juan , Xue Chen-yang , Yang Shi-e , Zhang Wen-dong 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA bionic fish cilia median-low frequency three-dimensional MEMS vector hydrophone is reported in this paper. The piezoresistive reasonable position was obtained through finite element analysis by ANSYS and the structure was formed by MEMS processes including lithography, ion implantation, PECVD and etching, etc. The standing wave barrel results show that the lowest sensitivity of the hydrophone is −200 dB and reach up to −160 dB (in which the voltage amplification factor is 300). It has a good frequency response characteristics in 25 Hz ∼ 1500 Hz band. Directivity tests displayed that the hydrophone has a good “8”-shaped directivity, in which the resolution is not less than 30 dB, and asymmetry of the maximum axial sensitivity value is less than 1.2 dB.
Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on Prussian Blue-Chitosan-Glutaraldehyde for the Sensitive Determination of Tetracycline
Authors: Shen Guanghui , Guo Yemin , Sun Xia , Wang Xiangyou 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this paper, a novel and sensitive electrochemical aptasensor for detecting tetracycline (TET) with prussian blue (PB) as the label-free signal was fabricated. A PB-chitosan-glutaraldehyde (PB-CS-GA) system acting as the signal indicator was developed to improve the sensitivity of the electrochemical aptasensor. Firstly, the PB-CS-GA was fixed onto the glass carbon electrode surface. Then, colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were droped onto the electrode to immobilize the anti-TET aptamer for preparation of the aptasensor. The stepwise assembly process of the aptasensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (C-V) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The target TET captured onto the electrode induced the current response of the electrode due to the non-conducting biomoleculars. Under the optimum operating conditions, the response of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used for detecting the concentration of TET. The proposed aptasensor showed a high sensitivity and a wide linear range of 10−9 ∼ 10−5 M and 10−5 ∼ 10−2 M with the correlation coefficients of 0.994 and 0.992, respectively. The detection limit was 3.2×10−10 M (RSD 4.12%). Due to its rapidity, sensitivity and low cost, the proposed aptasensor could be used as a pre-scanning method in TET determination for the analysis of livestock products.
Temperature-dependent of Nonlinear Optical Conductance of Graphene-based Systems in High-intensity Terahertz Field
Authors: Lv Jing , Yuan Rui-yang , Yan Hui 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
For multi-photon processed with the linear dispersion in the high-intensity terahertz (THz) field, we have systematically investigated the temperature-dependent nonlinear optical response of graphene-based systems, including single layer graphene, graphene superlattice and gapped graphene. In the intrinsic single layer graphene system, it demonstrates that, at low temperature, nonlinear optical conductivities of the thirdand fifth-order are respectively five and ten orders of magnitude larger than the universal conductivity with high-intensity and low frequency THz wave.In the graphene superlattice and gapped graphene systems, the optical responses enhanced because of the anisotropic massless and massive Dirac fermions.
A Cationic [60] Fullerene Derivative Reduces Invasion and Migration of HT-29 CRC Cells in Vitro at Dose Free of Significant Effects on Cell Survival
Authors: Lucafò Marianna , Pelillo Chiara , Carini Marco , Da Ros Tatiana , Prato Maurizio , Sava Gianni 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Nanomaterials with unique characteristics exhibit favorable therapeutic and diagnostic properties, implying their enormous potential as biomedical candidates. C60 has been used in gene- and drug-delivery, as imaging agents, and as photosensitizers in cancer therapy. In this study, the influences of a cationic functionalized fullerene on cellular behavior of human colorectal cancer cell line (HT-29) were investigated. Results indicated that HT-29 treated with the studied compound showed a lower sensitivity but a significant impairment in migration and invasion by interfering with the activities of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and 9). The presence of fullerene also altered the capacity of adhesion-related proteins to perform their activity, thereby inducing dramatically adverse effects on the cell physiological functions such as cell adhesion. Thus, our study suggests that this compound is a new potential anti-metastatic effector and a therapeutic component for malignant colorectal cancer.
A Novel Photothermal Nanocrystals of Cu7S4 Hollow Structure for Efficient Ablation of Cancer Cells
Authors: Song Guosheng , Han Linbo , Zou Weiwei , Xiao Zhiyin , Huang XiaoJuan , Qin Zongyi , Zou Rujia , Hu Junqing 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Cu2-xS nanocrystals (NCs), characterized by low cost, low toxicity, high stability and high photothermal conversion efficiency, provide promising platforms as photothermal agents. Herein, a novel two-step synthesis has been developed for Cu7S4 nanocrystals with hollow structure using the as-prepared copper nanoparticles as starting a solid precursor followed by hot-injection of sulfide source.The Cu7S4 NCs exhibit intense absorption band at Near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths due to localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) mode, which can effectively convert 980 nm-laser energy into heat.Moreover, the localized high temperature created by Cu7S4 NCs under NIR irradiation could result in efficient photothermal ablation (PTA) of cancer cells in vivo, demonstrating a novel and promising photothermal nanomaterials.
Fabrication, Characterization and Thermophysical Property Evaluation of SiC Nanofluids for Heat Transfer Applications
Authors: Nikkam Nader , Saleemi Mohsin , Haghighi Ehsan B. , Ghanbarpour Morteza , Khodabandeh Rahmatollah , Muhammed Mamoun , Palm Björn , Toprak Muhammet S. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Nanofluids (NFs) are nanotechnology-based colloidal suspensions fabricated by suspending nanoparticles (NPs) in a base liquid. These fluids have shown potential to improve the heat transfer properties of conventional heat transfer fluids. In this study we report in detail on fabrication, characterization and thermo-physical property evaluation of SiC NFs, prepared using SiC NPs with different crystal structures, for heat transfer applications. For this purpose, a series of SiC NFs containing SiC NPs with different crystal structure (α-SiC and β-SiC) were fabricated in a water (W)/ethylene glycol (EG) mixture (50/50 wt% ratio). Physicochemical properties of NPs/NFs were characterized by using various techniques, such as powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Zeta potential analysis. Thermo-physical properties including thermal conductivity (TC) and viscosity for NFs containing SiC particles (α- and β- phase) weremeasured. The results show among all suspensions NFs fabricated with α-SiC particles have more favorable thermo-physical properties compared to the NFs fabricated with β-SiC.The observed difference is attributed to combination of several factors, including crystal structure (β- vs. α-), sample purity, and residual chemicals exhibited on SiCNFs. A TC enhancement of ∼20% while 14% increased viscosity were obtained for NFs containing 9 wt% of particular type of α-SiC NPs indicating promising capability of this kind of NFs for further heat transfer characteristics investigation.
Hydrogel Microneedle Arrays for Transdermal Drug Delivery
Authors: Hong Xiaoyun , Wu Zaozhan , Chen Lizhu , Wu Fei , Wei Liangming , Yuan Weien 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Stratum corneum is the main obstacle for drugs to pass through the skin. Microneedles are composed of arrays of micro-projections formed with different materials, generally ranging from 25–2000 μm in height. Microneedles straightly pierce the skin with its short needle arrays to overcome this barrier. Microneedles can be divided into several categories, for instance, solid microneedles, coated microneedles, and hollow microneedles and so on. However, all these types have their weak points related to corresponding mechanisms. In recent years, pioneering scientists have been working on these issues and some possible solutions have been investigated. This article will focus on the microneedle arrays consisting of hydrogels. Hydrogels are commonly used in drug delivery field. Hydrogel microneedles can be further divided into dissolving and degradable microneedles and phase transition microneedles. The former leaves drug with matrix in the skin. The latter has the feature that drugs in the matrix are delivered while the remaining ingredients can be easily removed from the skin after usage. For drugs which are required to be used every day, the phase transition microneedles are more acceptable. This article is written in order to summarize the advantages of these designs and summarize issues to be solved which may hinder the development of this technology.
Pt-Containing Ag2S-Noble Metal Nanocomposites as Highly Active Electrocatalysts for the Oxidation of Formic Acid
Authors: Liu Hui , Feng Yan , Cao Hongbin , Yang Jun 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Nanocomposites with synergistic effect are of great interest for their enhanced properties in a given application. Herein, we reported the high catalytic activity of Pt-containing Ag2S-noble metal nanocomposites in formic acid oxidation, which is a key reaction in direct formic acid fuel cell. The electrochemical measurements including voltammograms and chronoamperograms are used to characterize the catalytic property of Pt-containing nanocomposites for the oxidation of formic acid. In view of the limited literatures on using nanocomposites consisting of semiconductor and noble metals for catalyzing the reactions of polymer electrolyte membrane-based fuel cells, this study provides a helpful exploration for expanding the application of semiconductor-noble metal nanocomposites.
Torsional Characteristics of SingleWalled Carbon Nanotube with Water Interactions by Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Vijayaraghavan V. , Wong C. H. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The torsional characteristics of single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) with water interactions are studied in this work using molecular dynamics simulation method. The torsional properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in a hydrodynamic environment such as water are critical for its key role in determining the lifetime and stability of CNT based nano-fluidic devices. The effect of chirality, defects and the density of water encapsulation is studied by subjecting the SWCNT to torsion. The findings show that the torsional strength of SWCNT decreases due to interaction of water molecules and presence of defects in the SWCNT. Additionally, for the case of water molecules encapsulated inside SWCNT, the torsional response depends on the density of packing of water molecules. Our findings and conclusions obtained from this paper is expected to further compliment the potential applications of CNTs as promising candidates for applications in nano-biological and nano-fluidic devices.
Unique Characteristics of Vertical Carbon Nanotube Field-effect Transistors on Silicon
Authors: Li Jingqi , Yue Weisheng , Guo Zaibing , Yang Yang , Wang Xianbin , Syed Ahad A. , Zhang Yafei 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
A vertical carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNTFET) based on silicon (Si) substrate has been proposed and simulated using a semi-classical theory. A single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) and an n-type Si nanowire in series construct the channel of the transistor. The CNTFET presents ambipolar characteristics at positive drain voltage (Vd) and n-type characteristics at negative Vd. The current is significantly influenced by the doping level of n-Si and the SWNT band gap. The n-branch current of the ambipolar characteristics increases with increasing doping level of the n-Si while the p-branch current decreases. The SWNT band gap has the same influence on the p-branch current at a positive Vd and n-type characteristics at negative Vd. The lower the SWNT band gap, the higher the current. However, it has no impact on the n-branch current in the ambipolar characteristics. Thick oxide is found to significantly degrade the current and the subthreshold slope of the CNTFETs.
White Organic Light Emitting Devices Based on Multiple Emissive Nanolayers
Authors: Madhava Rao M. V. , Kuin Su Yan , Huang T. S. , Chen Yi-Chun 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this paper, a white organic light-emitting device (WOLEDs) with multiple-emissive-layer structure has been fabricated. The device has a simple structure of indium tin oxide (ITO)/NPB (20 nm)//DPVBi(20 nm)/CDBP:xIr(btp)2acac(10 nm)/Alq3 (25 nm)/BCP (5 nm)/CsF (1 nm)/Al (150 nm) (x= 0.15, 2.5 and 3.0 wt%), where NPB and BCP are used as the hole-injecting layer, electron transporting and hole blocking layer, respectively. White light emission was realized in an OLED with 2.5% Ir(btp)2acac doping concentration. The device exhibits peak efficiency of 1.93 cd/A at 9 V and maximum brightness of 7005 cd/m2 at 14 V. The Commission International de I’Eclairage (CIE)(1931) coordinates of white emission are well within the white zone, which moves from (0.35,0.33) to (0.26,0.30) when the applied voltage is varied from 5 V to 14 V.
Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Properties of Cu2O-loaded Short TiO2 Nanotube Array Electrode Prepared by Sonoelectrochemical Deposition
Authors: Liu Yanbiao , Zhou Haibin , Li Jinhua , Chen Hongchong , Li Di , Zhou Baoxue , Cai Weimin 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Copper and titanium remain relatively plentiful in earth crust. Therefore, using them in solar energy conversion technologies are of significant interest. In this work, cuprous oxide (Cu2O-modified short TiO2 nanotube array electrode was prepared based on the following two design ideas: first, the short titania nanotubes obtained from sonoelectrochemical anodization possess excellent charge separation and transportation properties as well as desirable mechanical stability; second, the sonoelectrochemical deposition technique favours the improvement in the combination between Cu2O and TiO2 nanotubes, and favours the dispersion of Cu2O particles. UV-Vis absorption and photo- electronchemical measurements proved that the Cu2O coating extended the visible spectrum absorption and the solar spectrum-induced photocurrent response. Under AM1.5 irradiation, the photocurrent density of the composite electrode (i.e. sonoelectrochemical deposition for 5 min) was more than 4.75 times as high as the pure nanotube electrode. Comparing the photoactivity of the Cu2O/TiO2 electrode obtained using sonoelectrochemical deposition with others that synthesized using plain electrochemical deposition, the photocurrent density of the former electrode was ∼2.2 times higher than that of the latter when biased at 1.0 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The reproducible photocurrent response under intermittent illumination demonstrated the excellent stability of the composite electrode. Such kind of composite electrode material will have many potential applications in solar cell and other fields.