bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Dual‐Functional Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes with UV‐Vis‐NIR Broad‐Spectrum Photosensitivity
Authors: Pan Youjiang , Hu Hailong , Yang Kaiyu , Chen Wei , Lin Lihua , Guo Tailiang , Li Fushan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPhotosensitive quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (PSQLEDs) possess the dual capabilities of generating and detecting light signals, which is of significant importance for the development of miniaturized and integrated optoelectronic devices. However, the state‐of‐the‐art PSQLEDs can only detect light signals within a certain wavelength range, and require switching between the two functions under different bias voltage directions. In this work, The use of a ZnO/quantum dots (QDs)/ZnO multilayer (ZQZ ML) architecture as both the electron transport layer and the photosensitive layer is pioneered. The QDs in this structure are composed of narrow‐bandgap lead sulfide QDs and wide‐bandgap cadmium selenide QDs, successfully realizing a unique PSQLED device with C photosensitive characteristics. As a result, the as‐fabricated device can respond to illumination from 365 to 1300 nm, and the device achieves a photoresponse rate of 20.9 mA W−1 in self‐powered mode to UV light. After UV light irradiation, the maximum external quantum efficiency and maximum luminance of device reached 11.8% and 64,549 cd m−2, respectively. The device shows a record‐high luminance ON/OFF ratio of 5500%, which is beneficial for high contrast and accurate information display.
Bond Force Constants and Bulk Modulus of Strongest Boron Nitride Fullerenes
Authors: Tapia Jorge A. , Villanueva César , Peón‐Escalante Ricardo , Quintal‐Palomo Roberto E. , Peñuñuri Francisco , Zambrano‐Arjona Miguel A. , Cab César 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFor the first time, dedicated stretching bond force constant (kr), and bulk modulus () of small boron nitride fullerenes (BNFLs) or BxNx cages (x = 12, 16, 20, 24, and 36) are determined using density functional theory (DFT). The results indicate that for the set of selected BNFLs, their kr and values are found to be within the ranges 5.139–5.738 mdyn Å−1 and 0.645–1.217 TPa respectively. The behavior of the mechanical properties of BNFLs shows that kr values increase for larger BNFLs, whereas the predicted values increase with decreased BNFL diameters. It is notable to find that some values for these properties are found with magnitudes greater than those reported for some carbon nanostructures. The kr and values predicted by DFT can be used as an input for structural models to describe the elastic behavior of BNFLs, contributing to the understanding of the mechanical properties of BNFLs and potentiating their applications in various areas of nanotechnology.
Strategies to Enhance the Stability of Non‐Fullerene Acceptor‐Based Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Choppella Sairathna , Haseena Sheik , Ravva Mahesh Kumar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThrough comprehensive density functional theory calculations, the photodegradation mechanisms, including cis–trans isomerization, electrocyclization, and sigmatropic rearrangement reactions are investigated in indacenodithieno [3,2‐b] thiophene (IT)‐based non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs). Various functional group substitutions on the core (fluorine, ethyl, and cyano groups) and end groups (fluorine) of NFA are introduced to elucidate the influence of chemical modifications on photodegradation pathways. The findings reveal that the core substitution can effectively suppress electrocyclization and 1,5‐sigmatropic shift reactions, which are major contributors to photodegradation. Furthermore, the electronic, excited‐state, and charge transport properties of pristine and degraded products are studied to gain insights into the impact of degradation on photovoltaic parameters. The results suggest that photodegradation leads to the formation of shallow energy trap states, hindering charge transport and increasing charge recombination, ultimately affecting the power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs). The study not only provides a comprehensive understanding of photodegradation mechanisms but also offers valuable molecular design strategies to enhance the stability of NFAs for future large‐scale applications of OSCs. By establishing a clear connection between the chemical structure and photostability of NFA, this research represents a pivotal contribution to the field of organic electronics and sustainable energy technologies.
Mastering Surface Sulfidation of MnP‐MnO2 Heterostructure to Facilitate Efficient Polysulfide Conversion in Li─S Batteries
Authors: Liang Fengxing , Deng Qiao , Ning Shunyan , He Huibing , Wang Nannan , Zhu Yanqiu , Zhu Jinliang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe development of lithium–sulfur (Li─S) batteries has been hampered by the shuttling effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). An effective method to address this issue is to use an electrocatalyst to accelerate the catalytic conversion of LiPSs. In this study, heterogeneous MnP‐MnO2 nanoparticles are uniformly synthesized and embedded in porous carbon (MnP‐MnO2/C) as core catalysts to improve the reaction kinetics of LiPSs. In situ characterization and density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm that the MnP‐MnO2 heterostructure undergo surface sulfidation during the charge/discharge process, forming the MnS2 phase. Surface sulfidation of the MnP‐MnO2 heterostructure catalyst significantly accelerated the SRR and Li2S activation, effectively inhibiting the LiPSs shuttling effect. Consequently, the MnP‐MnO2/C@S cathode achieves outstanding rate performance (10 C, 500 mAh g−1) and ultrahigh cycling stability (0.017% decay rate per cycle for 2000 cycles at 5 C). A pouch cell with MnP‐MnO2/C@S cathode delivers a high energy density of 429 Wh kg−1. This study may provide a new approach to investigating the surface sulfidation of electrocatalysts, which is valuable for advancing high‐energy‐density Li−S batteries.
A self‐assembled nanomedicine for glucose supply interruption‐amplified low‐temperature photothermal therapy and anti‐prometastatic inflammatory processes of triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Wang Mingcheng , Yi Huixi , Zhan Zhixiong , Feng Zitong , Yang Gang‐Gang , Zheng Yue , Zhang Dong‐Yang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe poor prognosis of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) results from its high metastasis, whereas inflammation accompanied by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) is prone to aggravate tumor metastasis. Although photothermal therapy (PTT) has extremely high therapeutic efficiency, the crafty tumor cells allow an increase in the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) to limit its effect, and PTT‐induced inflammation is also thought to be a potential trigger for tumor metastasis. Herein, myricetin, iron ions, and polyvinylpyrrolidone were utilized to develop nanomedicines by self‐assembly strategy for the treatment of metastatic TNBC. The nanomedicines with marvelous water solubility and dispersion can inhibit glucose transporter 1 and interfere with mitochondrial function to block the energy supply of tumor cells, achieving starvation therapy on TNBC cells. Nanomedicines with excellent photothermal conversion properties allow down‐regulating the expression of HSPs to enhance the effect of PTT. Interestingly, the broad spectrum of ROS scavenging ability of nanomedicines successfully attenuates PTT‐induced inflammation as well as influences hypoxia‐inducible factors‐1α/3‐phosphoinositide‐dependent protein kinase 1 related pathway through glycometabolism inhibition to reduce tumor cell metastasis. Moreover, the nanomedicines have negligible side effects and good clinical application prospects, which provides a valuable paradigm for the treatment of metastatic TNBC through glycometabolism interference, anti‐inflammation, starvation, and photothermal synergistic therapy.
Diagnostic role of sonography in early detection and surgical intervention of an epidural abscess: A case report
Authors: Cheong Issac , Tamagnone Francisco Marcelo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionIntracranial epidural abscesses require swift diagnosis and treatment. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is preferred for its detailed visualisation, it is costly and time‐consuming. Transcranial sonography offers a rapid, portable and cost‐effective alternative for assessing brain lesions.MethodsWe present a case study involving the diagnosis and management of an intracranial epidural abscess in a 25‐year‐old man with a traumatic brain injury who underwent a craniectomy and later developed fever and drowsiness in the intensive care unit.ResultsUsing transcranial point‐of‐care ultrasound, a hypoechoic collection was identified at the surgical site, prompting further imaging with computed tomography (CT) and MRI, which confirmed the diagnosis of an epidural abscess. Prompt surgical intervention led to the resolution of symptoms and a favourable clinical outcome.ConclusionThis case highlights the potential utility of brain sonography as an efficient and cost‐effective initial diagnostic tool for detecting intracranial complications, particularly in postoperative patients with altered sensorium and fever, where timely intervention is crucial.
Asymmetric Local Electric Field Induced by Dual Heteroatoms on Copper Boosts Efficient CO2 Reduction Over Ultrawide Potential Window
Authors: Xie Feng , Wang Zhen , Kao Cheng‐Wei , Lan Jiao , Lu Ying‐Rui , Tan Yongwen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic reduction of CO2 powered by renewable electricity provides an elegant route for converting CO2 into valuable chemicals and feedstocks, but normally suffers from a high overpotential and low selectivity. Herein, Ag and Sn heteroatoms were simultaneously introduced into nanoporous Cu (np‐Ag/Sn−Cu) mainly in the form of an asymmetric local electric field for CO2 electroreduction to CO in an aqueous solution. The designed np‐Ag/Sn−Cu catalyst realizes a recorded 90 % energy efficiency and a 100 % CO Faradaic efficiency over ultrawide potential window (ΔE=1.4 V), outperforming state‐of‐the‐art Au and Ag‐based catalysts. Density functional theory calculations combined with in situ spectroscopy studies reveal that Ag and Sn heteroatoms incorporated into Cu matrix could generate strong and asymmetric local electric field, which promotes the activation of CO2 molecules, enhances the stabilization of the *COOH intermediate, and suppresses the hydrogen evolution reaction, thus favoring the production of CO during CO2RR.
Aryl structural effect on the photoinitiation abilities of aryl glycine derivatives for polymerization upon exposure to blue light
Authors: Lai H. , Peng X. , Zhu D. , Zhang J. , Xiao P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe design and development of photoinitiating systems applicable to visible light delivered from light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have attracted increasing attention owing to the wide application of photopolymerization. In this study, four aryl glycine derivatives are designed and synthesized, and their applicability as visible light‐sensitive photoinitiators is thoroughly investigated. Specifically, the photoinitiation mechanism of these aryl glycine derivatives, when combined with iodonium salt, is investigated using steady‐state photolysis, fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance spin trapping techniques. It is revealed that radicals can be generated from aryl glycine derivatives/iodonium salt combinations upon exposure to blue LEDs (410 and 445 nm) to induce free radical photopolymerization (FRP) of (meth)acrylates. Additionally, besides FRP, a photobase generator based on one of the investigated aryl glycine derivatives is synthesized and demonstrates the capability to initiate epoxy‐thiol polymerization under light irradiation. The remarkable photolatent characteristics demonstrate the significant potential in broadening the application of aryl glycine derivatives in controlled photopolymerization processes.
Efficacy and Safety of Upadacitinib or Elsubrutinib Alone or in Combination for Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Merrill Joan T. , Tanaka Yoshiya , D'Cruz David , Vila‐Rivera Karina , Siri Daniel , Zeng Xiaofeng , Saxena Amit , Aringer Martin , D'Silva Kristin M. , Cheng Ling , Mohamed Mohamed‐Eslam F. , Siovitz Lucia , Bhatnagar Sumit , Gaudreau Marie‐Claude , Doan Thao T. , Friedman Alan 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThe 48‐week, phase 2 SLEek study (NCT03978520) evaluated the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib (JAK inhibitor) and elsubrutinib (BTK inhibitor) alone or in combination (ABBV‐599) in adults with moderately to severely active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsPatients were randomized 1:1:1:1:1 to elsubrutinib 60 mg and upadacitinib 30 mg once daily (ABBV‐599 high dose), elsubrutinib 60 mg and upadacitinib 15 mg once daily (ABBV‐599 low dose), elsubrutinib 60 mg once daily (QD), upadacitinib 30 mg QD, or placebo QD. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving both Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Responder Index 4 (SRI‐4) and glucocorticoid dose ≤10 mg QD at week 24. Additional assessments through week 48 included British Isles Lupus Assessment Group‐Based Composite Lupus Assessment (BICLA) and Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS) responses, number of flares, time to first flare, and adverse events.ResultsThe study enrolled 341 patients. The ABBV‐599 low dose and elsubrutinib arms were discontinued after a planned interim analysis showed lack of efficacy (no safety concerns). More patients achieved the primary endpoint with upadacitinib (54.8%; P = 0.028) and ABBV‐599 high dose (48.5%; P = 0.081) versus placebo (37.3%). SRI‐4, BICLA, and LLDAS response rates were higher for both upadacitinib and ABBV‐599 high dose versus placebo at weeks 24 and 48. Flares were reduced, and time to first flare through week 48 was substantially delayed with both upadacitinib and ABBV‐599 high dose versus placebo. No new safety signals were observed beyond those previously reported for upadacitinib or elsubrutinib.ConclusionUpadacitinib 30 mg alone or in combination with elsubrutinib (ABBV‐599 high dose) demonstrated significant improvements in SLE disease activity and reduced flares and were well tolerated through 48 weeks.image
Autologous CD19‐Targeting CAR T Cells in a Patient With Refractory Juvenile Dermatomyositis
Authors: Nicolai Rebecca , Merli Pietro , Moran Alvarez Patricia , Bracaglia Claudia , Del Bufalo Francesca , Marasco Emiliano , Caiello Ivan , Prencipe Giusi , Algeri Mattia , Cefalo Maria G. , Becilli Marco , Quintarelli Concetta , Sinibaldi Matilde , Hanssens Linda , De Benedetti Fabrizio , Locatelli Franco 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to report the safety and efficacy of CD19‐targeting chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in a child with refractory juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM).MethodsWe describe a 12‐year‐old White boy with severe, chronically active JDM refractory to multiple immunosuppressive treatment lines, including B cell depletion with rituximab. The patient received a single infusion of fresh, autologous, second‐generation anti‐CD19 CAR T cell product (lentiviral vector) manufactured on the Prodigy device (1 × 106 CAR T cells/kg), after lymphodepletion with cyclophosphamide (1,000 mg/m2 over two days) and fludarabine (90 mg/m2 over three days). Immunosuppressive and glucocorticoid treatment were withdrawn before leukapheresis and CAR T cell infusion.ResultsBefore anti‐CD19 CAR T cell therapy, the patient had persistent severe skin and muscular disease activity. CAR T cells expanded significantly (peak at day 7, 32.69 cells/μL). Complete B cell depletion was documented on day 5 in the blood and at week 2 in the bone marrow. The patient presented with fever as part of mild cytokine release syndrome (grade 1), transient anemia (grade 2), and neutropenia (grade 4). Neither infection nor neurotoxicity were observed. Laboratory tests, magnetic resonance imaging, Physician Global Assessment of disease activity, Childhood Myositis Assessment Scale, and Cutaneous Assessment Tool for myositis were performed at baseline and follow‐up to assess treatment response, showing remarkable progressive improvement that persists over time, even after B cell recovery.ConclusionThis patient with JDM with severe chronic disease, refractory to multiple treatments, achieved sustained B cell depletion and ongoing immunosuppressive drug‐free clinical and radiologic improvement eight months after a single infusion of anti‐CD19 CAR T cells.image
Self‐Assembly of four Ni16 Molecular Wheels with Capsule and Tubular Supramolecular Architectures
Authors: Dais Tyson N. , Schlittenhardt Sören , Ruben Mario , Anson Christopher E. , Powell Annie K. , Plieger Paul G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFour new Ni16 molecular wheels with the general formula [L4Ni16(RCOO)16(H2O)x(MeOH)12‐x] (where H4L=1,4‐bis((E)‐((2’‐hydroxybenzyl)imino)methyl)‐2,3‐naphthalenediol, and R=H or Me) have been isolated and structurally characterised. Complexes C1−C3 (R=Me) were formed using nickel (II) acetate and presented as polymorphs with the same formulation of charged components. The same wheel‐like architecture was observed in C4 (R=H), which was prepared using nickel (II) formate, demonstrating the potential for further versatility of the system. In contrast to similar four‐fold symmetric Ni(II) wheel clusters, measurements of the static magnetic properties of C1 indicated the presence of dominant antiferromagnetic interactions and an S=0 ground state.
Predefined‐time hierarchical control for bipartite time‐varying formation tracking of networked Euler–Lagrange systems with parametric uncertainties
Authors: Wang Shuang , Han Tao , Xiao Bo , Zhao Xiao‐Feng , Yan Huaicheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper mainly addresses the bipartite time‐varying formation tracking (BTVFT) problem for networked Euler–Lagrange systems (NELSs) with external disturbances and parametric uncertainties, considering a directed signed communication network that encompasses both cooperative and competitive interactions. A novel nonsingular sliding mode control (SMC) method serves as the foundation for a predefined‐time hierarchical control algorithm (PTHCA), introduced to tackle the BTVFT challenge for NELSs in a predefined time. This approach enables the settling time to be predetermined as a control parameter. Moreover, sufficient conditions for establishing the predefined‐time stability of closed‐loop systems are provided based on the Lyapunov argument. Simulations are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the main findings.
Infections associated with CAR‐T cell therapy in patients with relapsed refractory multiple myeloma: Risks and prevention strategies
Authors: An Jing , Zhao Jie , Zou Ping , Zhang Yicheng , Wei Junni , Tian Weiwei , Wei Jia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundChimeric antigen receptor T (CAR‐T) cell therapy has emerged as a potent treatment for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, demonstrating significant clinical efficacy. Despite these advances, treatment‐related toxicities, particularly infections, pose a significant challenge to patient safety.MethodsThis review synthesizes current knowledge on the mechanisms underlying post‐CAR‐T therapy infections, focusing on the interplay between immune dysfunction, host factors, and treatment‐induced toxicity. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the temporal and individual variability in infection characteristics and the confounding clinical presentation of cytokine release syndrome.ResultsThe review identifies that patients receiving CAR‐T cells are at increased risk of concurrent infections due to the heterogeneity in infection characteristics across different time periods, individuals, and patient groups. It highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic complexities introduced by the overlapping symptoms of infection and cytokine release syndrome.ConclusionTo enhance the infection control post‐CAR‐T therapy, this review proposes preventive strategies tailored to the early and long‐term management of patients. It underscores the need for a nuanced understanding of infection mechanisms and the importance of personalized prevention plans to improve clinical outcomes in multiple myeloma treatment.
One‐Pot Cascade Reaction from Epoxide to Carboxylic Acids Using Bifunctional Fe‐ZSM‐5
Authors: Treu Philipp , Gonçalves Danielle , Nilayam Ajai Raj Lakshmi , Grunwaldt Jan‐Dierk , Saraçi Erisa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe quest for sustainable synthesis of carboxylic acids has led to the exploration of innovative routes and catalysts for the oxidative cleavage of carbon−carbon double bonds, prevalent in bio‐derived molecules. This process involves multiple steps including epoxidation, hydrolysis and vicinal diol cleavage, often catalysed by unsustainable homogeneous or noble‐metal catalysts. In this study, we present the utilization of Fe‐ZSM‐5 as a versatile bifunctional catalyst capable of catalysing both hydrolysis and vicinal diol cleavage steps, utilizing propylene oxide as model compound and H2O2 as oxidizing agent. The prepared Fe‐ZSM‐5 features the zeolite intrinsic Lewis and Brønsted acidity functions, essential for the hydrolysis step, as well as high fractions of monomeric FeOx species, crucial for the subsequent vicinal diol cleavage, leading to streamlined carboxylic acids formation in a one‐pot, two‐step process. Moreover, by combining Fe‐ZSM‐5 with TS‐1, renowned for its epoxidation activity, we demonstrate the complete cascade reaction in one pot, under mild conditions, starting from ethylene. Our study expands the utility of cost‐effective zeolite‐based catalysts enriched with abundant Fe metal for the one‐pot oxidative cleavage of C=C double bonds, offering a promising pathway towards sustainable carboxylic acid synthesis.
Layer‐by‐Layer Construction of Hybrid Film Based on PEI Polymer and Preyssler‐Type Polyoxometalates: Its Electrochemical and Quartz Crystal Microbalance Measurement
Authors: Kuruly Rajan Athira , Sakthinathan Indherjith , Renaudineau Séverine , Proust Anna , McCormac Timothy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this work, Preyssler‐type POM (NH4)14[NaP5W30O110].44H2O (NH4P5W30), has been synthesised and its electrochemical behaviour in solution was examined at the surface of glassy carbon (GC) and gold electrodes. Furthermore, multilayer assemblies of NH4P5W30 POM were constructed onto the surfaces of GCE, gold electrode, and gold quartz electrode via the electrostatic Layer‐by‐Layer (LBL) technique employing polyethyleneimine as the cationic layer and POM as an anionic layer. Cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance measurements (EQCM) were used to monitor the LBL assembly as the NH4P5W30 POM layer was being built. These techniques revealed significant differences in film growth. The multilayer film exhibited well‐defined redox couples associated with POM's tungsten‐oxo framework and showed surface‐confined behaviour up to 100 mVs−1 on both the GC and gold electrodes. The pH dependency and stability of the film were investigated. EIS demonstrated that when the POM layer was the outer layer, the layers were less conductive, and resistance increased as the number of layers increased. In addition, the charge transfer resistance values (Rct) for the layers were calculated. The solvation of ions into the film associated with POM redox activity was studied employing an in‐situ EQCM.