bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antidepressants and Suicide Attempts in Children
Authors: Cooper William O. , Callahan S. Todd , Shintani Ayumi , Fuchs D. Catherine , Shelton Richard C. , Dudley Judith A. , Graves Amy J. , Ray Wayne A. 
Published: January 2014

OBJECTIVES:
Recent data showing possible increased risk for suicidal behavior among children and adolescents treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) antidepressants have created significant concern among patients, families, and providers, including concerns about the risk of individual antidepressants. This study was designed to compare the risk for medically treated suicide attempts among new users of sertraline, paroxetine, citalopram, escitalopram, and venlafaxine to risk for new users of fluoxetine.

METHODS:
A retrospective cohort study included 36 842 children aged 6 to 18 years enrolled in Tennessee Medicaid between 1995 and 2006 who were new users of 1 of the antidepressant medications of interest (defined as filling no prescriptions for antidepressants in the preceding 365 days). Medically treated suicide attempts were identified from Medicaid files and vital records and confirmed with medical record review.

RESULTS:
Four hundred nineteen cohort members had a medically treated suicide attempt with explicit or inferred attempt to die confirmed through medical record review, including 4 who completed suicide. The rate of confirmed suicide attempts for the study drugs ranged from 24.0 per 1000 person-years to 29.1 per 1000 person-years. The adjusted rate of suicide attempts did not differ significantly among current users of SSRI and SNRI antidepressants compared with current users of fluoxetine. Users of multiple antidepressants concomitantly had increased risk for suicide attempt.

CONCLUSIONS:
In this population-based study of children recently initiating an antidepressant, there was no evidence that risk of suicide attempts differed for commonly prescribed SSRI and SNRI antidepressants.
Adherence to Label and Device Recommendations for Over-the-Counter Pediatric Liquid Medications
Authors: Budnitz Daniel S. , Lovegrove Maribeth C. , Rose Kathleen O. 
Published: January 2014

OBJECTIVE:
To reduce dosing errors when administering orally ingested over-the-counter liquid medications, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Consumer Healthcare Products Association released voluntary recommendations for dosing directions and dosing devices. This study assessed recommendation adherence for national brand name orally ingested over-the-counter liquid pediatric analgesics/antipyretics and cough, cold, and allergy medications available after the FDA guidance was finalized in 2011 to identify and prioritize specific improvements to dosing directions and devices.

METHODS:
Recommendations were categorized as top tier or low tier based on potential to directly address ≥3-fold dosing errors. Two independent reviewers assessed dosing directions and accompanying dosing devices for adherence to recommendations.

RESULTS:
Of 68 products, 91% of dosing directions and 62% of dosing devices adhered to all top tier recommendations; 57% of products adhered to every top tier recommendation, and 93% adhered to all or all but one. A dosing device was included with all products. No dosing directions used atypical volumetric units (eg, drams), and no devices used volumetric units that did not appear in dosing directions. Six products used trailing zeros or failed to use leading zeros with decimal doses; eight did not use small font for fractions. Product adherence to low tier recommendations ranged from 26% to 91%.

CONCLUSIONS:
Products adhered to most recommendations in the final FDA guidance and Consumer Healthcare Products Association guideline, suggesting that these voluntary initiatives promote adherence to recommendations. Improving adherence to recommendations should be prioritized based on potential to reduce harm.
Triplet Harvesting in White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
Authors: Hofmann Simone , Leo Karl , Gather Malte C. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we review our recent work on triplet harvesting (TH) and its application in white organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). This includes the configuration of highly efficient single unit two-color and tandem four-color white OLEDs reaching efficacies of more than 30 lm/W at 1000 cd/m², as well as the development of new blue fluorescent emitters. The new compounds are chemically designed to exhibit a high triplet energy to allow TH by a green phosphorescent emitter. In a first step towards white TH OLEDs, we fabricated blue-green TH OLEDs to prove the validity of our concept.
Conductivity and Microstructure of Inkjet-Printed Silver Tracks Depending on the Digital Pattern, Sintering Process, Substrate and Ink
Authors: Weise Dana , Grimm Andrea , Weiß Uwe , Mitra Kalyan Yoti , Sowade Enrico , Baumann Reinhard R. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTSilver nanoparticle inks are increasingly applied for the manufacture of inkjet-printed electrically conductive patterns. In order to obtain high conductivity, the printed liquid patterns have to be functionalized by an appropriate post- treatment step. Modern post-treatment methods using e.g. microwaves, intense pulsed light or adopted infrared radiation, are nevertheless the basis of the thermal process. The thermal treatment e.g. in furnaces or on heating plates, is applicable for a great variety of inks and ensures an efficient sintering without major technical efforts. It has been studied intensively wherein the reports mainly focus on reduction of the resistivity by controlling the parameters of the thermal treatment. Our researches exceed these comparative studies by investigating multi-layered patterns, their manufacturing and post-treatment.Two silver nanoparticle inks were inkjet printed on a rigid and a flexible substrate. The geometry of the patterns was varied. The different drying behaviors of the inks were investigated. In addition, the number of layers which were printed on top of each other was varied. The sintering temperatures and time durations were varied.The morphology of the patterns is investigated by profilometry and optical microscopy. The microstructure is analyzed by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the electrical characteristics were determined by the measurement of the resistance. The results indicate the relation between the manufacture and the resulting microstructure and functionality of the patterns. The knowledge of these parameters enables us to control the industrial manufacturing of similar conductive patterns.
Sexual Health as a Survivorship Issue for Female Cancer Survivors
Authors: Dizon Don S. , Suzin Daphne , McIlvenna Susanne 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
As more and more people are successfully treated for and live longer with cancer, greater attention is being directed toward the survivorship needs of this population. Women treated for cancer often experience issues related to sexual health and intimacy, which are frequently cited as areas of concern, even among long-term survivors. Unfortunately, data suggest that providers infrequently discuss these issues. We reviewed a contemporary understanding of sexual health of women and the impact of treatment on both sexual function and intimacy. We also provide a review of the diagnosis using the newest classification put forth by the American Psychiatric Association in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition, and potential treatments, including both endocrine and nonendocrine treatments that the general oncologist may be asked about when discussing sexual health with his or her patients.
An mHealth Model to Increase Clinic Attendance for Breast Symptoms in Rural Bangladesh: Can Bridging the Digital Divide Help Close the Cancer Divide?
Authors: Ginsburg Ophira M. , Chowdhury Mridul , Wu Wei , Chowdhury Md Touhidul Imran , Pal Bidhan Chandra , Hasan Rifat , Khan Zahid H. , Dutta Dali , Saeem Arif Abu , Al-Mansur Raiyan , Mahmud Sahin , Woods James H. , Story Heather H. , Salim Reza 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

Objective.
To demonstrate proof of concept for a smart phone-empowered community health worker (CHW) model of care for breast health promotion, clinical breast examination (CBE), and patient navigation in rural Bangladesh.

Methods.
This study was a randomized controlled trial; July 1 to October 31, 2012, 30 CHWs conducted door-to-door interviews of women aged 25 and older in Khulna Division. Only women who disclosed a breast symptom were offered CBE. Arm A: smart phone with applications to guide interview, report data, show motivational video, and offer appointment for women with an abnormal CBE. Arm B: smart phone/applications identical to Arm A plus CHW had training in “patient navigation” to address potential barriers to seeking care. Arm C: control arm (no smart phone; same interview recorded on paper). Outcomes are presented as the “adherence” (to advice regarding a clinic appointment) for women with an abnormal CBE. This study was approved by Women's College Hospital Research Ethics Board (Toronto, Ontario, Canada) and district government officials (Khulna, Bangladesh). Funded by Grand Challenges Canada.

Results.
In 4 months, 22,337 women were interviewed; &lt;1% declined participation, and 556 women had an abnormal CBE. Control group CHWs completed fewer interviews, had inferior data quality, and identified significantly fewer women with abnormal breast exams compared with CHWs in arms A and B. Arm B had the highest adherence.

Conclusion.
CHWs guided by our smart phone applications were more efficient and effective in breast health promotion compared with the control group. CHW “navigators” were most effective in encouraging women with an abnormal breast examination to adhere to advice regarding clinic attendance.
Geochemistry and geodynamics of the Mawat mafic complex in the Zagros Suture zone, northeast Iraq
Authors: Azizi Hossein , Hadi Ayten , Asahara Yoshihiro , Mohammad Youssef 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The Iraqi Zagros Orogenic Belt includes two separate ophiolite belts, which extend along a northwest-southeast trend near the Iranian border. The outer belt shows ophiolite sequences and originated in the oceanic ridge or supra-subduction zone. The inner belt includes the Mawat complex, which is parallel to the outer belt and is separated by the Biston Avoraman block. The Mawat complex with zoning structures includes sedimentary rocks with mafic interbedded lava and tuff, and thick mafic and ultramafic rocks. This complex does not show a typical ophiolite sequences such as those in Penjween and Bulfat. The Mawat complex shows evidence of dynamic deformation during the Late Cretaceous. Geochemical data suggest that basic rocks have high MgO and are significantly depleted in LREE relative to HREE. In addition they show positive ɛ
Nd values (+5 to+8) and low 87Sr/86Sr ratios. The occurrence of some OIB type rocks, high Mg basaltic rocks and some intermediate compositions between these two indicate the evolution of the Mawat complex from primary and depleted source mantle. The absence of a typical ophiolite sequence and the presence of good compatibility of the source magma with magma extracted from the mantle plume suggests that a mantle plume from the D″ layer is more consistent as the source of this complex than the oceanic ridge or supra-subduction zone settings. Based on our proposed model the Mawat basin represents an extensional basin formed during the Late Paleozoic to younger along the Arabian passive margin oriented parallel to the Neo-Tethys oceanic ridge or spreading center. The Mawat extensional basin formed without creation of new oceanic basement. During the extension, huge volumes of mafic lava were intruded into this basin. This basin was squeezed between the Arabian Plate and Biston Avoraman block during the Late Cretaceous.
A survey of the repository of groundwater potential and distribution using geoelectrical resistivity method in Itu Local Government Area (L.G.A), Akwa Ibom State, southern Nigeria
Authors: Ibuot J. , Akpabio G. , George N. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Vertical electrical sounding (VES), employing a Schlumberger electrode configuration, was used to investigate the sediments and aquifer repositories in Itu Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom state, southern Nigeria. This was done in sixteen (16) locations/communities with the maximum current electrode spread ranging between 800–1000m. The field data were interpreted using forward and iterative least square inversion modeling, which gives a resolution with 3–5 geoelectric layers. The observed frequencies in curve types include 31.25% of AKH, 18.8% of AAK and HK and 6.25% of K, QHK, AKH, KA and KHQ, respectively. These sets of curves show a wide range of variabilities in resistivities between and within the layers penetrated by current. The presence of K and H curve types in the study area indicates the alteration of the geomaterials with limited hydrologic significance to the prolific groundwater repository. A correlation of the constrained nearby borehole lithology logs with the VES results shows that the layers were all sandy formations (fine and well sorted sands to gravelly sands or medium to coarse-grained sands as described by nearby lithology logs) with some wide ranges of electrical resistivity values and thicknesses caused by electrostratigraphic inhomogeneity. The geologic topsoil (motley topsoil) is generally porous and permeable and as such the longitudinal conductance (S) values for the covering/protective layer is generally less than unity of Siemens (S < 1Ω−1), the value considered for efficient protection of the underlying aquifers by the topmost and overlying layer. The spatial orientations and the leveling patterns of the most economically viable potential groundwater repository within the maximum current electrode separations has been delineated in 2-D and 3-D contoured maps. The estimated depth range for the desired groundwater repository is 32.6–113.1m and its average depth value is 74.30m. The thickness of this layer ranges from 27.9–103m while its average depth has been evaluated to be 63.02m. Also, its resistivity range and average value have been estimated to be 507–5612m and 3365.125Ωm
Cylindrical probe with a variable heat flow rate: A new method for the determination of formation thermal conductivity
Authors: Eppelbaum Lev , Kutasov Izzy 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The thermal conductivity of a geological formation is one of the important petrophysical parameters which are preferable to study in situ in geophysical well logs. A new technique for the determination of formation thermal conductivity has been developed. We assumed that formation dry density, porosity, and pore fluids saturations could be determined from core samples or cuttings. In this case the specific heat and density of a formation can be quantitatively estimated. It is also assumed that the instantaneous heat flow rate and time data are available for a cylindrical probe with a variable heat flow rate placed in a wellbore. A semi-theoretical equation describing the temperature of the probe’s wall is used to determine in situ the formation conductivity as a function of the temperature increase. The formation thermal diffusivity is also calculated. A field example is presented.
Effect of rate of deformation on electromagnetic radiation during quasi-static compression of sintered aluminium preforms
Authors: Mishra Sujeet Kumar , Sharma Vinay , Misra Ashok 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This paper presents some experimental results on the intermittent electromagnetic radiation (EMR) characteristics of sintered aluminium powder preforms under quasi-static compression. The stress level within the gross elastic limit and yielding of the partially compact preforms at which first EMR emission is observed, bears a distinct parabolic relation with the rate of compressive deformation. These observations can be developed into a new technique to detect the compactness of sintered metal powder preforms for industrial components. Further, each successive intermittent EMR emission at all rates of deformation requires increasing incremental strain energy during progressive plastic deformation. The electromagnetic energy release rate decreases sharply as the rate of deformation is increased and then attains a more or less constant value at higher rates of deformation. These results appear significant in understanding the mechanism of plastic deformation in metal powder preforms at the microscopic level, not yet reported in the literature.
Twinning dislocation and twin propagation process in a nickel-base single crystal TMS-82 superalloy
Authors: Lv Xianzi , Zhang Jianxin , Harada Hiroshi 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThermomechanical fatigue cyclic loading tests have been carried out along the <001> orientation and the formation of twins during thermomechanical fatigue processing has been studied in detail in a nickel-base single crystal TMS-82 superalloy. The twinning dislocation is determined to be 1/6<112> in the γ′ phase except for the 1/3<112> dislocation, which operates on every successive {111} plane. The 1/6<112> twinning dislocations can move independently in both γ and γ′ phases. Although movement of a single 1/6<112> twining dislocation may destroy the ordering of γ′ phase, its existence is rationalized on the basis of crystallographic analysis. The movement of a 1/3<112> dislocation on a single {111} plane will lead to a high-energy stacking sequence of head-to-head of two neighboring {111} layer atoms in the L12structure. Pre-existing dislocations have a significant effect on the growth of deformation twins. In the dislocation-free area, the twin can propagate without any notable impediment to lead to a twin plate with equal width. High dislocation density may hinder the propagation of twins to varying degrees.
Temperature effect on decorative gold coatings obtained from electrolyte based on mercaptotriazole – comparison with cyanide
Authors: Dimitrijević Silvana B. , Rajčić-Vujasinović Mirjana M. , Jančić-Hajneman Radmila M. , Bajat Jelena B. , Trujić Vlastimir K. , Trifunović Dejan D. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of temperature on the thickness, surface roughness, visual appearance and morphology of electrochemically deposited gold decorative coatings obtained from conventional cyanide electrolyte (AUROCIN DPB) and electrolyte based on mercaptotriazole (Au-MT). Heating of cyanide electrolyte does not significantly affect the thickness (b) of gold coatings (at 20 °C b = 0.08 μm, at 30 °C b = 0.07 μm and at 40 °C b = 0.08 μm) and, for this reason, the decorative coating processes were carried out at room temperature. Temperature increase has a positive effect on thickness of decorative gold coatings obtained from electrolyte based on mercaptotriazole, but this effect is very small, so the heating of electrolyte is not recommended for this type of electrolyte (at 20 °C b = 0.08 μm, at 40 °C b = 0.12 μm and at 60 °C b = 0.13 μm). The best coating roughness profiles are obtained at a temperature of 20 °C for both types of electrolyte. The morphology of gold deposits, obtained from both electrolytes, was studied using scanning electron microscopy.
Relationship between austenite stability and martensite formation in modified 9Cr-1Mo steel
Authors: Ning Baoqun , Zhou Xiaosheng , Shi Qingzhi , Liu Yongchang , Zhao Jie , Zhang Zheping 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Aimed at investigating the relationship between austenite stability and martensite formation in modified 9Cr-1Mo steel, the fully austenitized steel was cooled to a temperature above or below the start temperature of martensite transformation (Ms
o, 406 °C), which occurs upon continuous cooling from the austenitizing temperature to room temperature, and held for different times (10 min, 25 min, and 45 min) followed by cooling to room temperature. The concept of primary and secondary martensite is introduced to indicate that two different, sequential, martensites formed in this processing. When cooled to 650 °C or 450 °C for different times, the austenite stability decreased with prolonged holding time, and during the subsequent cooling the primary martensite start temperature (M
s) was raised to a value higher than Ms
o. In contrast, M
s was reduced to a level lower than Ms
o when cooled to 420 °C or 410 °C for 45 min. On the other hand, as the steel was isothermally quenched at temperatures below Ms
o, during the subsequent cooling a secondary martensite reaction could be observed, and the secondary martensite start temperature (Ms
′) decreased with holding time. Retained austenite in the form of thin films along martensite lath boundaries was obtained when cooled to 380 °C or below for different times.
Microwave synthesis of ultrafine and nanosized powders of tungsten oxide and carbide
Authors: Nikolaenko Irina , Kedin Nikolay , Shveikin Gennadii , Polyakov Evgenii 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
A new method of synthesis of nanosized and ultrafine tungsten oxide and carbide powders is offered, which combines carbon carrier supported classical liquid-phase precipitation and low-temperature microwave treatment. The full range of intermediate substances obtained during thermolysis, reduction and carburization of precursors to final products is presented. It is shown that cooling of ammonium tungstate solution to 4 °C and the use of carbon carrier at the precipitation stage can increase the specific surface area from 20 to 100 m2 g−1.
Modified hyperbranched epoxy/clay nanocomposites: A study on thermal, antimicrobial and biodegradation properties
Authors: Roy Buddhadeb , Bharali Pranjal , Konwar B. K. , Karak Niranjan 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In the present study vegetable oil-based, highly branched polyester modified hyperbranched epoxy nanocomposites were prepared with organically modified montmorillonite clay at different wt.% of clay loadings. X-ray diffraction patterns and transmission electron microscopy revealed the partially exfoliated structure of the nanocomposites. Cured nanocomposites exhibited improved properties such as gloss (80 – 95°), scratch hardness (3 – 5 kg), impact strength (60 – 100 cm), tensile strength (8 – 13 MPa), adhesive strength (0.9 – 1.4 × 1010 N m−1), flexibility (< 5 – 3 mm), chemical resistance etc. compared to the pristine system. The nanocomposites exhibited enhanced thermosatbility and antimicrobial activity against different bacterial, fungal and algal strains. The nanocomposites were also found to be biodegradable. The study showed that the nanocomposites have potential to be used as biodegradable antimicrobial thin film materials.
Les rapports de la police judiciaire et du ministère public en France et au Brésil
Authors: Ferreira Paes Vívian 
Published: January 2014

Comment certains faits sont-ils traduits comme des crimes ? Comment sont-ils énoncés et gérés par les institutions judiciaires ? Cet article a pour objet de rendre compte des phases rituelles de production, de deux institutions qui ont un rôle privilégié de formalisation de l’attribution de la qualité criminelle à un fait : la police et le ministère public. On analyse les politiques juridiques et organisationnelles, la manière dont les personnes établissent des règles pour encadrer certains faits et on observe comment sont produits les rapports et les documents destinés au parcours judiciaire.