bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Versatile roles of protein flavinylation in bacterial extracyotosolic electron transfer
Authors: Huang Shuo , Méheust Raphaël , Barquera Blanca , Light Samuel H. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Bacteria perform diverse redox chemistries in the periplasm, cell wall, and extracellular space. Electron transfer for these extracytosolic activities is frequently mediated by proteins with covalently bound flavins, which are attached through post-translational flavinylation by the enzyme ApbE. Despite the significance of protein flavinylation to bacterial physiology, the basis and function of this modification remain unresolved. Here we apply genomic context analyses, computational structural biology, and biochemical studies to address the role of ApbE flavinylation throughout bacterial life. We identify ApbE flavinylation sites within structurally diverse protein domains and show that multi-flavinylated proteins, which may mediate longer distance electron transfer via multiple flavinylation sites, exhibit substantial structural heterogeneity. We identify two novel classes of flavinylation substrates that are related to characterized proteins with non-covalently bound flavins, providing evidence that protein flavinylation can evolve from a non-covalent flavoprotein precursor. We further find a group of structurally related flavinylation-associated cytochromes, including those with the domain of unknown function DUF4405, that presumably mediate electron transfer in the cytoplasmic membrane. DUF4405 homologs are widespread in bacteria and related to ferrosome iron storage organelle proteins that may facilitate iron redox cycling within ferrosomes. These studies reveal a complex basis for flavinylated electron transfer and highlight the discovery power of coupling comparative genomic analyses with high-quality structural models.

IMPORTANCE
This study explores the mechanisms bacteria use to transfer electrons outside the cytosol, a fundamental process involved in energy metabolism and environmental interactions. Central to this process is a phenomenon known as flavinylation, where a flavin molecule—a compound related to vitamin B2—is covalently attached to proteins, to enable electron transfer. We employed advanced genomic analysis and computational modeling to explore how this modification occurs across different bacterial species. Our findings uncover new types of proteins that undergo this modification and highlight the diversity and complexity of bacterial electron transfer mechanisms. This research broadens our understanding of bacterial physiology and informs potential biotechnological applications that rely on microbial electron transfer, including bioenergy production and bioremediation.
Upper body posture changes during sitting in female office workers with lower crossed syndrome
Authors: Puagprakong Pailin , Kanjanasilanont Aris , Brady Wannaporn S. , Sornkaew Kanphajee 
Published: July 2024

Background/Objective: Office workers are exposed to high levels of sedentary time. This sedentary time may have impacts on office workers which affect the normal movement patterns of sitting position caused by muscle tightness and weakness. The aims of this study were to investigate postural changes in lower crossed syndrome (LCS) on a head tilt angle (HTA), craniovertebral angle (CVA), sagittal shoulder angle (SSA), and trunk flexion angle (TFA) during 30 min sitting in female office workers. Methods: Fifty-four office workers who use computer for at least 4 h/day, work for at least 5 years were recruited. All subjects were evaluated their posture, muscle length and power and assigned into three groups: healty group ([Formula: see text]), LCS type A ([Formula: see text]), and LCS type B ([Formula: see text]). Testing posture was 30[Formula: see text]min sitting at computer workstation and typing on standardized with video record. Then three pictures were captured at four points of time from VDO records. All angles were measured two-way mixed ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey test was used to analyse the data. Results: Subjects with LCS type B have less CVA, SSA, and TFA than healthy and participants with LCS type A significantly during sitting at 0, 10, 20 and 30[Formula: see text]min. There was no significant difference in HTA among the three groups. Conclusion: Subjects with LCS type B showed significant the upper body posture changes compared with other groups.
Feasibility, Accuracy, and Reproducibility of Aortic Valve Sizing for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Using Virtual Reality
Authors: Kanschik Dominika , Haschemi Jafer , Heidari Houtan , Klein Kathrin , Afzal Shazia , Maier Oliver , Piayda Kerstin , Binneboesssel Stephan , Oezaslan Goeksen , Bruno Raphael R. , Antoch Gerald , Lichtenberg Artur , Fleissner Felix , Scherner Maximillian , Kelm Malte , Zeus Tobias , Jung Christian 
Published: July 2024

Background
Detailed visualization and precise measurements of aortic valve dimensions are critical for the success of transcatheter aortic valve implantation and for the prevention of complications. Currently, multislice computed tomography is the gold standard for assessment of the aortic annulus and surrounding structures to determine the prosthesis size. New technologies such as virtual reality (VR) not only enable 3‐dimensional (3D) visualization with the potential to improve understanding of anatomy and pathology but also allow measurements in 3D. This study aims to investigate the feasibility, accuracy, and reproducibility of VR for the visualization of the aortic valve, the surrounding structures, and its role in preprocedural sizing for transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Methods and Results
Based on the preprocedural multislice computed tomography data, 3mensio measurements and 3D visualizations and measurements using VR software were performed retrospectively on 60 consecutive patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation at our heart center. There were no significant differences but strong correlations between the VR measurements compared with those performed with the 3mensio software. Furthermore, excellent or good intra‐ and interobserver reliability could be demonstrated for all values. In a structured questionnaire, users reported that VR simplified anatomical understanding, improved 3D comprehension of adjacent structures, and was associated with very good self‐perceived depth perception.

Conclusions
The use of VR for preprocedural transcatheter aortic valve implantation sizing is feasible and has precise and reproducible measurements. In addition, 3D visualization improves anatomical understanding and orientation. To evaluate the potential benefits of 3D visualization for planning further cardiovascular interventions, research in this field is needed.
Intrinsic functional and structural network organization in the macaque insula
Authors: Charbonneau Joey A. , Raven Erika P. , Katsumi Yuta , Santistevan Anthony C. , Taylor Christopher , Bliss-Moreau Eliza 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In recent decades, in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have provided previously inaccessible insights into the structure and function of healthy and pathological human brains in the laboratory and the clinic. However, the correlational nature of this work and relatively low resolution mean that ground truth neuroanatomical studies and causal manipulations of neural circuitry must still occur in animal models offering greater tractability and higher resolution, rendering a scale and species gap in translation. Here, we bridge this gap with a detailed, multimodal investigation of the macaque insula in vivo. Using both functional and diffusion MRI—tools available for use in humans—we demonstrate a neural architecture in the macaque insula with clear correspondence to prior in vivo MRI findings in humans and postmortem cytoarchitectural and tract-tracing studies in monkeys. Results converged across analysis methods and imaging modalities, supporting the translational potential of the macaque model.
The development of a research intelligence tool for rare disease research in the Netherlands
Authors: Iping Rik , Nederveen Ilse , Ranjbar-Sahraei Bijan , Azarbonyad Hosein , Dumoulin Max , Tsatsaronis Georgios , Mathijssen Irene M. J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article describes the process of the development of a research intelligence tool to analyze rare disease research in the Netherlands. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first tool that can surface and organize scientific output on rare diseases using established annotation and natural language processing mechanisms. We focus on the track leading up to the development, including strategic motivation and user needs, of a proof-of-concept tool, upscaling the idea to a national collaboration project, the development of the final tool and a usability evaluation and subsequent fine-tuning. The tool is a unique visualization that allows users to benefit with a few clicks from getting the information they require for their needs, and offers novel scientific indicators to characterize (relatively) rare disease research activity. We discuss the applications of insights derived from this tool for science policy and to support decision-making, and to identify opportunities and potential collaborations and make recommendations for future developments, including a broadening of the scope, and discuss potential novel applications.
Psilocybin and Motor Function: A Triple‐Blind, Dose‐Finding Study in Healthy Participants
Authors: Bhagavan Chiranth , Kanaan Richard , Carter Olivia , Nielsen Glenn , Berlowitz David , Issak Sara , Braat Sabine , Zaloumis Sophie , Attard Zachary , Oliver Georgina , Mayne Deanne , McKernon David , Roebuck Greg , Rucker James , Butler Matthew , Bryson Alexander 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThere has been a resurgence of research into the potential therapeutic benefits of psychedelics for neuropsychiatric disorders. Classic psychedelics, such as psilocybin, exert complex effects on higher cognitive functions such as perception and awareness, but their impact on motor function remains unexplored. Moreover, there is a theoretical rationale for using psychedelics to promote motor retraining in certain neuropsychiatric conditions associated with motor dysfunction. This protocol paper outlines the first study to investigate the feasibility and safety of performing movement tasks during the acute effects of psilocybin in healthy participants. The findings from this study will further our understanding of the impact of psychedelics on motor function, and inform future studies that combine classic psychedelics with motor retraining in clinical populations.Methods12 healthy participants will each receive three doses of psilocybin (between 5 and 20 mg) in a randomized order, with each dose administered at least 1 week apart. Participants, the trial physiotherapists, and statisticians will remain blinded to the psilocybin dose. A battery of measures assessing motor function will be completed during the acute drug effects. In addition, measures of safety, pre‐ and post‐dose resting‐state brain activity via functional magnetic resonance imaging, and participants' subjective experience will be assessed.
Multilevel Confirmatory Factor Analysis Reveals Two Distinct Human–Automation Trust Constructs
Authors: Yamani Yusuke , Long Shelby K. , Sato Tetsuya , Braitman Abby L. , Politowicz Michael S. , Chancey Eric T. 
Published: July 2024

Objective This work examined the relationship of the constructs measured by the trust scales developed by Chancey et al. (2017) and Jian et al. (2000) using a multilevel confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Background Modern theories of automation trust have been proposed based on data collected using trust scales. Chancey et al. (2017) adapted Madsen and Gregor’s (2000) trust scale to align with Lee and See’s (2004) human–automation trust framework. In contrast, Jian et al. (2000) developed a scale empirically with trust and distrust as factors. However, it remains unclear whether these two scales measure the same construct. Method We analyzed data collected from previous experiments to investigate the relationship between the two trust scales using a multilevel CFA. Results Data provided evidence that Jian et al. (2000) and Chancey et al. (2017) automation trust scales are only weakly related. Trust and distrust are found to be distinct factors in Jian et al.’s (2000) scale, whereas performance, process, and purpose are distinct factors in Chancey et al.’s (2017) trust scale. Conclusion The analysis suggested that the two scales purporting to measure human–automation trust are only weakly related. Application Trust researchers and automation designers may consider using Chancey et al. (2017) and Jian et al. (2000) scales to capture different characteristics of human–automation trust.
Relationship between cyberbullying, anxiety, and depression among university students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alghamdi Waleed , Almadani Samara , Banjer Hanin , Alsulami Dima , Alghamdi Yara 
Published: July 2024

Objective Cyberbullying is defined as online aggressive behavior that involves insulting or threatening others, and has been shown to cause severe psychological distress, particularly in students. This is often attributed to the frequency and anonymity of the bullying behaviors. Given the lack of research on this issue in Saudi Arabia, the current study sought to evaluate the prevalence of cyberbullying and its relationship with anxiety, depression, and stress among university students in Jeddah. Methods In this cross-sectional study, an online questionnaire was administered to 877 university students in Jeddah. Cyberbullying and cybervictimization were assessed using the Revised Cyberbullying Inventory scale (RCBI-II) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21). Results The majority of students had the experience of being a cyberbully (73%), while 54% reported being a victim of cyberbullying. No significant association was found between gender and cyberbullying, with both males and females reporting high rates of cyberbullying. The majority of participants (n = 498) also reported significant depressive symptoms. A significant positive association was found between cyberbullying/cybervictimization and depression, anxiety, and stress. Conclusion Many university students in this study were found to be victims of cyberbullying, and there was a strong correlation between cyberbullying and anxiety, depression, and stress, indicating a potential impact on the psychological well-being of students. To address this issue, increased awareness of cyberbullying is needed, along with implementation of preventive measures such as educational campaigns and empathy-building activities among students.
Cone-beam computed tomography imaging and three-dimensional analysis of midfoot joints during non-weightbearing and weightbearing in 11 healthy feet
Authors: Kettunen Jarkko , Partio Nikke , Salo Jari , Yli-Kyyny Tero , Kiekara Tommi , Mattila Ville M , Haapasalo Heidi 
Published: July 2024

Background Studies report that Lisfranc injury is more common than thought. Several imaging methods for assessing the stability of Lisfranc injury have been described but many are impossible to standardize and not accurate enough. Purpose To present a three-dimensional (3D) method for analyzing the changes in the joint space width of the midfoot joint and the joints of the medial part of the Lisfranc complex in healthy individuals. Material and Methods Non-weightbearing and weightbearing cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 11 healthy feet were acquired and analyzed with 3D software. The mean range of joint space width changes of each joint was computed from the changes in individual image pairs. Results 3D analysis software was used to analyze the medial part of the Lisfranc complex. In this sample of healthy feet, the changes in the joint spaces in the medial part of Lisfranc complex, calculated with 3D analysis software, was less than 0.6 mm. The distance between bones increased or decreased, depending on which part of the joint surface the measurements were taken. Conclusion In this study, we present a 3D analysis method to evaluate midfoot joint space width changes. Our analysis revealed that in healthy feet there are only minimal changes in the joint space width between weightbearing and non-weightbearing indicating minimal movement of the midtarsal joints. The 3D analysis of weightbearing CBCT data provides a promising tool for analyzing the small midfoot joints in a variety of conditions.
Prediction of postoperative residual primary ovarian neoplasm or metastatic lesion close to rectum of serous ovarian carcinoma based on clinical and MR T1-DEI features
Authors: Zhang Wenfei , Li Juncai , Chen Qiao , Jin Hongliang , Zhou Linyi , Liu Li 
Published: July 2024

Background The optimal primary debulking surgery outcome of serous ovarian carcinoma (SOC) is greatly affected by primary ovarian neoplasm or metastatic lesion close to the rectum. Purpose To study the risk factors affecting postoperative residual primary ovarian neoplasm or metastatic lesion close to the rectum of SOC. Material and Methods The clinical and MRI data of 164 patients with SOC eligible from institution A (training and test groups) and 36 patients with SOC eligible from institution B (external validation group) were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The clinical data included age, serum carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125), human epididymis protein 4, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data included ovarian mass distribution, maximum diameter of ovarian mass, ovarian mass features, degree of rectal invasion of the primary ovarian neoplasm or metastatic lesion, and amount of ascites. A model was established using multivariate logistic regression. Results By univariate and multivariate logistic regressions, CA-125 ( P = 0.024, odds ratio [OR] = 3.798, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.24–13.32), NLR ( P = 0.037, OR = 3.543, 95% CI = 1.13–12.72), and degree of rectal invasion of the primary ovarian neoplasm or metastatic lesion ( P < 0.001, OR = 37.723, 95% CI = 7.46–266.88) were screened as independent predictors. The area under the curve values of the model in the training, test, and external validation groups were 0.860, 0.764, and 0.778, respectively. Conclusion The clinical-radiological model based on T1-weighted dual-echo MRI can be used non-invasively to predict postoperative residual ovarian neoplasm or metastasis close to SOC in the rectum.
The predominant insertion of the ischiofemoral ligament is a merging to the iliofemoral ligament as demonstrated on magnetic resonance arthrogram studies
Authors: Hatem Munif , Badejo Megan , McCarroll Michael , Feng Richard , Martin Hal David 
Published: July 2024

Background The capsular ligaments at the hip joint work in synchrony with the acetabulum and femoral head for articular stability. There is a lack of understanding about ischiofemoral ligament (ISFL) anatomy and function. Purpose To assess the insertion of the ISFL in non-arthritic adult hips. Material and Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 72 patients who underwent magnetic resonance arthrogram (MRA) for the assessment of hip pain. The distribution of the ISFL components, the thickness, and the insertion site were assessed by concomitantly using the axial oblique, coronal, and sagittal MRA images. Results Two insertions of the ISFL anterior to the center of the femoral head were identified in 71 (99%) hips: (i) predominant anterior merging with the iliofemoral ligament as continuation of zona orbicularis, observed in all hips; and (ii) anterolateral junction of femoral neck and greater trochanter. Two ISFL parts (proximal and distal) were identified in 70 (97%) of the 72 studied hips. The proximal part was always thinner (mean 2.6 ± 0.7 mm) and originated from the ischium at the acetabular rim. The distal part was a continuation of the zona orbicularis, and the mean thickness was 6.7 ± 1.6 mm. Both parts merged as they coursed over the superior portion of the femoral head. Conclusion The predominant insertion of the ischiofemoral ligament is a merging to the iliofemoral ligament anteriorly. Surgical procedures such as hip arthroscopy involving the ISFL will affect the function of the iliofemoral ligament, and vice versa.
Dual-Lumen Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannulation Technique Using Only Transthoracic Echocardiography – A Case Series
Authors: Huang Lin , Wu Li-li , Ding Yu-fen , Zhou Qing-shan , Tang Kai-Yan , Ng Pauline Yeung , Sin Wai-Ching 
Published: July 2024

Background Bicaval dual lumen cannula (DLC) is gaining popularity in veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) for having less recirculation and facilitating mobilization. It is usually inserted under fluoroscopic or transesophageal echocardiographic guidance to prevent potentially fatal complications. Thus, their utilization was limited during the COVID-19 outbreak due to stringent quarantine policy and manpower shortage, especially when emergency insertion was required. Purpose To describe our experience on DLC insertion using transthoracic echocardiography alone during the pandemic, with a focus on safety considerations by using detail step-by-step procedural guide. Outcome Four patients were performed V-V ECMO using the transthoracic echocardiographic-guided DLC cannulation technique during the fifth wave of the COVID-19 outbreak, with no cannulation-related complications. Conclusion Transthoracic echocardiographic guidance for DLC insertion is feasible and probably safe with a detailed guide, which can be adopted as a supplementary tool during future endemic outbreaks.
Cardiac involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: Interest of 2D global longitudinal strain
Authors: Chourabi Sana , Sayhi Sameh , Ben Ameur Selim , Chourabi Chadia , Mahfoudhi Houaida , Fehri Wafa , Ben Abdelhafidh Nadia 
Published: July 2024

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multisystem autoimmune disease of undetermined etiology. Cardiac involvement is common in SLE and constitutes one of the main causes of mortality. More recently, new ultrasound imaging techniques, such as transthoracic ultrasound (TTE) with strain evaluation, have appeared and seem promising for the detection of cardiac involvement. The objective of our work was to study the frequency and characteristics of ultrasound abnormalities found in lupus patients and to study the benefit of ultrasound with global longitudinal strain (GLS) for early management. Methods It was an observational study of patients followed for SLE at the internal medicine and cardiology department of the HMPIT for 6 months (May-November 2023). The definition of cardiac involvement was by ultrasound. All patients benefited from TTE coupled with 2D-strain. We divided the workforce into two groups: the first group (patients with heart disease) and the second group (patients without heart disease). Results In a series of 40 lupus patients including 33 women and seven men, cardiac manifestations were reported in 60% of patients. In the first group, 29% had palpitations, 25% had chest pain, 67% had dyspnea, 37% had pericarditis, 8% had pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and 12% had myocarditis. The comparative study showed that patients in the first group presented significantly more frequently with dyspnea ( p = 0.02), chest pain ( p = 0.03) and serositis ( p = 0.01) compared to those in the second group. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) did not show a significant difference between the two groups. On the other hand, the average Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) was significantly altered in the first group ( p = 0.01). Furthermore, the frequency of pathological GLS was significantly higher in patients with lupus heart disease ( p < 0.01). Conclusion Cardiac involvement during SLE is a frequent and most often asymptomatic complication. A systematic search for this impairment using a high-performance echocardiography examination, namely the 2D GLS, is essential for early treatment.