bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative response on the accumulation of inorganic phosphate in leaf of Basella alba to low and high temperature
Authors: Haque Md Shahidul , Islam Md Monirul , Yeasmin Tanzima 
Published: January 2014

Context: Basella alba is a green vegetable and grows in both winter and summer; however the temperature sensitivity on metabolic regulation in this species is not clarified. Objective: To find the role of low and high temperature induced regulation of metabolic functions particularly alteration and accumulation of inorganic phosphate in leaf. Materials and Methods: Plants grown in pot were exposed to cold (8°C) for 24h, 48h and 72h periods and the respective controls were kept in ambient room temperature for the above mentioned time. For high temperature induced plants, they were exposed to 45°C with full aeration along with sufficient water. Control pot was used similarly in room temperature; however, the temperature was maintained 30°C by using air cooling system (AC). Results: Low temperature causes the higher inorganic phosphate level in leaf and was increased by 33.6%, 34.7% and 62.8% respectively when compared to the respective controls. Therefore, it is assumed that short term exposure has mild effect on phosphate accumulation in leaf; conversely as the time extended, the synthesis assumed to be higher and increased time dependently. Similarly, the inorganic phosphate concentrations were increased by 27.8%, 37.5% and 74.9% respectively whenever the plants were exposed to high temperature (45°C). Taken together, a faster increase in accumulation of phosphate in leaf was mediated by high temperature for prolonged exposure. Conclusion: The plants exposed to both abiotic stresses cause the release of inorganic phosphate which may participate in the survival of the species in the adverse environment DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v20i0.17719 J. bio-sci. 20: 83-90, 2012
Antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal activities of Ruellia tuberosa (L.) root extract
Authors: Kader Md Abdul , Parvin Shumaia , Chowduri Md Aktar Uzzaman , Haque Md Ekramul 
Published: January 2014

Context: Plants as therapeutics are popularized for thousands of years and people continue to rely on them for health care until now due to their effectiveness, easy availability, low cost and comparatively being devoid of serious toxic effects. Microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and insects are developing resistance to the current therapies very easily and the currently available antibacterial, antifungal agents and pesticides are very much costly and toxic. So the current shift to the use of herbal antibacterial, antifungal agents and pesticides may be more effective, economic and advantageous. Objectives: The present research was performed to investigate the antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal activities of the methanolic extract of the dried root of the plant Ruellia tuberosa (L.). Materials and Methods: Five Gram (+) ve bacteria namely Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus agalactiae, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis; five Gram (-) ve bacteria namely Pseudomonus aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella sonnei were used as test bacteria for testing the antibacterial activity of the plant extract. Antifungal activity was observed against six fungi namely Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus ochreus, Aspergillus ustus, Rizopus oryzae and Trichophyton rubrum. The disc diffusion assay method was used in both the cases and standard Kanamycin disc (30?g/disc) was used as the reference standard. The test for insecticidal activity was performed by using surface film activity testing method and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) was used as the test insect. Results: The methanol extract was active against all the bacteria and fungi tested and showed significant antibacterial and antifungal properties with the zone of inhibition 9 to 23 mm for antibacterial screening and 8 to 15 mm for antifungal screening. The insecticidal assay by surface film activity test also revealed strong insecticidal activity with 80% mortality rate of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) at a dose of 50 mg/ml in 48 hours. Conclusion: From our experiment it is informed that Ruellia tuberosa (L.) may be used to treat bacterial and fungal diseases and also as insect repellant and it is also possible to isolate antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal drug from this plant. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v20i0.17720 J. bio-sci. 20: 91-97, 2012
Morphological and cytological effects of two herbicides on Tetraploid wheat (Triticum durum L.)
Authors: Razu MH , Zaman S , Akhter R , Rahman MM , Rahaman M Hamidur , Mazid MA , Kabir G 
Published: January 2014

Context: In order to control weeds many chemicals are being used which may change the morphological and cytological constitution of plant. Objectives: To study the morphological and cytological effects of herbicides on tetraploid wheat. Materials and Methods: Two herbicides namely, Topstar and Fielder with three different concentrations of each were used along with control in the present study. Seeds of tetraploid wheat were treated for 6 hours with each concentration and some of the treated seeds were allowed to germinate in the petri dishes, while some were sown in the earthen pot. Morphological study was done for both laboratory and pot grown plants. In case of cytological study, mitotic data was recorded using the root tip cells and meiotic data was collected from inflorescence at pre-mature stage of pot grown plant. Results: In this experiment, data on morphological study such as germination percentage, days required in germination, coleoptile length, root length, plant height, ear length, tiller-number/pot, seed/ear, grain-weight/ear and 100 grain-weight indicated that treatment with Fielder decreased these characters with the increase of doses. In case of plant height, Topstar showed increased result than Fielder and control. Moreover, characters like ear length and seed/ear showed little variation among the doses of Topstar compared to control. Similarly, data on cytological study such as interphase chromosome volume (ICV), mitotic index (MI), % of pollen sterility, mitotic and meiotic abnormalities were found to be increased with increasing concentration of both herbicides. Main chromosomal irregularities were chromosome fragments, bridges, laggards, single and multiple chromatid bridges with laggard or fragment, stickiness etc. Conclusion: From the study of morphological and cytological effects of two herbicides along with control it can be concluded that these chemicals had adverse impacts which reduced the yield of wheat. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v20i0.17736 J. bio-sci. 20: 143-151, 2012
Chemical investigation and microbial activity of Tinospora cordifolia miers
Authors: Molla AH , Zakaria MG , Molla MTH , Alam MT , Ahsan MS 
Published: January 2014

Context: Plants have been used in treating human diseases for thousands of years. Medicinal plant drug discovery continues to provide new and important leads against various pharmacological targets including cancer, malaria, HIV/AIDS, Alzheimer's, and pain. Objectives: The chemical investigation, antimicrobial activity and toxicity of the active principles isolated from the plant. Materials and Methods: The rectified spirit extract of the fresh stem of the plant Tinospora cordifolia was fractionated using standard chromatographic techniques to afford several fractions. The fraction TC-1 was purified by crystallization and screened. FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectral analyses were performed to characterize the compound. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of TC-1 were observed by Disc diffusion method against a number of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Standard antibiotics Kanamycin (30?g/disc) and Fluconasol (500 ?g/disc) were used respectively for comparison. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the compound TC-1 was carried out by the Serial Dilution Technique. The compound also showed significant activity against the brine shrimp nauplii. Results: The compound TC-1 showed promising antibacterial and antifungal activities against all tested organisms.The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of TC-1 against Bacillus megaterium and Salmonella typhi-A was found to be 128?g/ml in nutrient broth medium. The value of medium lethal concentration, LC50 (9.34 ?g/ml) indicated the high toxic effect of the compound TC-1. Conclusion: It may be concluded that the compound TC-1 is an alkaloid having significant activities. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v20i0.17737 J. bio-sci. 20: 153-160, 2012
Callus induction and cell culture of castor (Ricinus communis L. CV. Shabje)
Authors: Rahman MA , Bari MA 
Published: January 2014

Context: Tissue culture is an important tool in plant biotechnology that allows for an increase in biomass or metabolite production by utilizing several techniques in callus or cell cultures. Ricin is a toxic protein that can be extracted from the castor bean as secondary metabolite. The ricin has been used experimentally in medicine to kill cancer cell. We developed callus and cell culture technique for the possible extraction of ricin from the cell suspension culture of Ricinus communis. Objectives: The present investigation aimed to develop the cell culture technique of R. communis L. cv. Shabje and tried to establish a protocol for cell suspension culture of castor for possible extraction of ricin from cell extract. Materials and Methods: The hypocotyl explants of R. communis L. cv. Shabje were used as experimental materials. Cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of BAP, NAA, 2,4-D and IAA for callus induction. For cell culture, the media were used without agar with different concentrations and combinations of these hormones. Results: For callus induction the combination of BAP 2.0 mg/l + 0.5 mg/l NAA showed the best performance but in case of cell culture the combination of BAP 2.0 mg/l and 0.2 mg/l NAA showed the best result. Conclusion: The present investigation clearly established and demonstrated the method of obtaining cell suspension culture and important secondary metabolite ricin could be obtained from cell suspension culture of R. communis L. holding promises to explore cell culture industry for ricin production. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v20i0.17738 J. bio-sci. 20: 161-169, 2012
Lateral patellar luxation in dogs: a retrospective study of 65 dogs
Authors: Butterworth S. J. , Miller A. , Keeley B. , Baines S. , McKee W. M. , Kalff S. 
Published: January 2014

SummaryTo report the signalment and clinical features of dogs with non-traumatic lateral patellar luxation and to report the complications and outcomes following surgery.A multicentre retrospective study was performed. Medical records were reviewed and the signalment, clinical features, and treatment of dogs presenting with lateral patellar luxation were recorded. In dogs treated surgically, the outcome and complications were investigated.Sixty-five dogs (95 stifles) were included; 39 were male and median age at presentation was 10 months. Breeds were classified as small (n = 6), medium (n = 23), large (n = 27), and giant (n = 9). Lateral patellar luxation was classified as grade I (n = 14), II (n = 41), III (n = 29), and IV (n = 11). Conformational abnormalities were noted in 34 stifles; genu valgum was the most common (n = 28). Higher-grade luxation was associated with a younger age at presentation (p = 0.032) and genu valgum (p = 0.01). Surgery was performed on 58 stifles, 22 of which sustained one or more complications; 16 complications were managed conservatively, four with implant removal and six with revision surgery. Surgeon-assessed outcome was good or excellent in 47 of the 51 dogs available for review.Non-traumatic lateral patellar luxation is a disease of predominantly medium and large breed dogs. It has several similar clinical features and can be surgically treated in a similar manner to medial patellar luxation with similar types of complications and outcomes expected.
Tibial tuberosity fracture as a complication of tibial tuberosity advancement
Authors: Aisa J. , Chase D. , Garcia-Fernandez P. , San Roman F. , Bennett D. , Calvo I. 
Published: January 2014

SummaryTo retrospectively compare two clinical subsets of dogs suffering tibial tuberosity (TT) fracture (incidental finding or sudden onset severe lameness) as a complication of tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) and to report the surgical management and outcome of TT fracture as a complication of TTA.The medical records of 10 dogs with eleven TT fractures or crest fractures after TTA were reviewed. The outcome and complications were determined from clinical and radiographic follow-up examinations. Limb function was evaluated between six and 12 weeks postoperatively. Owners were contacted by phone for long-term follow-up at least six months after the last examination.Four dogs required surgical stabilization and six dogs had conservative management. In the surgical group, every case experienced a sudden non-weight-bearing lameness after the initial TTA surgery. In three of the four cases an attempt was made to stabilize the TT and crest fracture while maintaining the TT advancement. Postoperative complications were encountered in three of the four surgically treated cases. Functional outcome was considered excellent in seven cases and good in the other three.Tibial tuberosity fracture is a complication of TTA that seems to have a favourable prognosis, although it can result in significant morbidity and in some cases revision surgery may be required.
Incidence and Determinants of Severe Morbidity among HIV-Infected Patients from Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, 2000–2010
Authors: Ribeiro Sayonara R , Luz Paula M , Campos Dayse P , Moreira Ronaldo I , Coelho Lara , Japiassu André , Bozza Fernando , Veloso Valdilea G , Chene Genevieve , Grinsztejn Beatriz 
Published: January 2014

Background Reliable information on severe morbidity is essential for identifying priorities for case management and to guide resource allocation within the health sector. Methods This study describes overall, AIDS- and non-AIDS-related severe morbidity as well as mortality and its determinants in an urban cohort of HIV-infected individuals from a public healthcare institution, the Evandro Chagas Research Institute (IPEC) of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Severe morbid events were defined as all clinical diagnoses listed in hospitalization discharge records; all diagnoses were checked and validated. Generalized estimating equation models were used to estimate incidence rates while adjusting for within-subject correlation. Results Between 2000 and 2010, 3,537 patients were followed for a total of 16,960 person-years (PY) of follow-up. Over the years, annual incidence rate of severe morbid events, AIDS-related events, non-AIDS-related events, and deaths significantly decreased from, respectively, 36.6, 12.9, 23.7 and 3.2 per 100 PY in 2000 to 25.3, 7.9, 17.4 and 1.9 per 100 PY in 2010. Patients’ immunological profiles significantly improved with time; 84% of the patients used combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) per year. Immunodeficiency was associated with a higher incidence rate of AIDS- and non-AIDS-related events as well as with the incidence rate of specific non-AIDS events (bacterial infections, toxicities, cardiovascular, renal and respiratory diseases). Conclusions Our results show that in a middle income country with access to cART, non-AIDS-related events represent an important cause of severe morbidity alongside a still high incidence rate of AIDS-related events.
Sculptors in or from Hattuša?
Authors: Mora Clelia 
Published: January 2014

Cet article examine et discute un passage fameux de la lettre KBo 1.10+, écrite par le roi hittite Hattušili III au roi kassite Kadašman-Enlil II. Dans ce passage débattu, le prêt d’un ‘sculpteur’ (fabricant d’images) est demandé. Dans la première partie de cette contribution, les interprétations suggérées par plusieurs savants sur ce sujet sont analysées ; dans la seconde partie une révision du texte original est proposée et différentes hypothèses sont prises en compte.
Symbolique de mort et de renaissance dans les cultes et les rites éblaïtes : d ga-na-na , les ancêtres et la royauté
Authors: Pasquali Jacopo 
Published: January 2014

Dans les textes d’Ebla du III ème millénaire av. J.-C. on cite plusieurs fois une déesse nommée d ga-na-na . Il est possible d’expliquer ce théonyme à travers le sém. occ. * gann- , “jardin ; cimetière”, de * gnn (et v.tes), “envelopper ; protéger”. C’est dans son “ventre”, symbole de mort et de renaissance, que les défunts trouvent leur protection. En effet la racine * gnn dans le verbe arabe ğanna signifie “être enveloppé” se référant au fœtus à l’intérieur de l’utérus, ainsi que le mot ğanīn - signifie toujours en arabe “embryon; fœtus”. Les défunts enterrés sont donc comme des embryons dans le ventre maternel, un concept répandu dans les croyances religieuses des civilisations préhistoriques de la Méditerranée, auprès desquelles la Terre-Mère était aussi vénérée en qualité de protectrice des ancêtres ensevelis dans ses entrailles pour renaître à nouvelle vie. Dormir à l’intérieur du ventre de la déesse signifiait mourir et revenir à la vie. On peut expliquer de cette façon l’origine des hypogées méditerranéens à partir du IV e millénaire av. J.-C. sur un territoire qui va de la Syrie-Palestine jusqu’au midi de la France. Par exemple dans la région d’Arles en Provence il y a beaucoup d’hypogées importants, dont le plus célèbre est celui appelé « Epée de Roland », où se renouvelait, avec un cycle éternel, la rencontre entre l’Homme et la Terre qui crée et protège ensuite après la mort. A Ebla, à l’occasion de l’intronisation et de l’“habillage” (cette dernière cérémonie avait lieu tous les ans après l’intronisation) des souverains chez le Mausolée de NE- na-áš ki , un des sièges des souverains défunts, il avait des rites en communion avec les ancêtres eux-mêmes et leur protectrice d ga-na-na , divinité qui protégeait donc la royauté éblaïte. On suppose que cette divinité féminine à côté du dieu des Enfers d ra-sa-ab était aussi préposée à la sauvegarde des enfants de lignée royale, si l’on considère certains passages des textes administratifs d’Ebla. On trouve encore plusieurs traces postérieures de tous ces rituels complexes, par exemple dans la Grèce ancienne et dans la Rome archaïque, comme l’archéologie et les récits des auteurs classiques en témoignent.
À l'école, offrir du temps pour la pensée
Authors: Meirieu Philippe 
Published: January 2014

La difficulté des enseignants à capter et à retenir l’attention de leurs élèves est aujourd’hui reconnue. Pourtant, on réfléchit assez peu – en dehors de la lamentation nostalgique – à la manière de regagner cette attention, de recréer des conditions qui permettent à l’élève de s’« installer » dans une classe et dans les savoirs que l’on y enseigne.
Les médicaments de l'attention : les doutes d'un praticien
Authors: Falissard Bruno 
Published: January 2014

Les troubles de l’attention existent. Faut-il pour autant les résoudre en prescrivant des médicaments ? Il ne suffit pas de raisonner en termes de coûts et de bénéfices ; en consultation, les choses sont plus complexes. Le déficit d’attention peut être lié à un contexte familial, à un refus de la performance... Et il faut longuement réfléchir avant de prescrire et de transformer un enfant ou un adolescent en « malade psychiatrique ».
La rareté et les flux numériques
Authors: Benhamou Françoise 
Published: January 2014

On assiste, avec le numérique, à une « inversion de la rareté » ; là où, auparavant, la rareté (notamment dans le domaine culturel) était du côté de l’offre et l’abondance du côté de la demande (l’attention du spectateur), aujourd’hui c’est l’attention qui se fait rare, face à une offre pléthorique. Comment penser, alors, une économie de l’attention ?
La philosophie charnelle d'André Gorz
Authors: Howard Dick , Béja Alice 
Published: January 2014

Si Gorz est aujourd’hui reconnu comme l’un des inventeurs de l’écologie politique de gauche, le fondement de sa pensée politique était avant tout philosophique. Mais cette philosophie – articulée aux idées de nécessité, de rareté et de liberté, influencée par Marx et Sartre – était existentielle, intimement liée à l’expérience même de Gorz, à sa vie, à sa chair.
La mortalité départementale en France
Authors: Barbieri Magali 
Published: January 2014

Les disparités interdépartementales de mortalité demeurent marquées en France métropolitaine depuis trente ans. Elles ont diminué chez les femmes, mais restent fortes chez les hommes. Comme dans les années 1960, les régions les plus défavorisées sont le Nord, l’Alsace et la Bretagne. La mortalité est au contraire plus faible à Paris et dans les départements situés au sud-ouest de l’Île-de-France ainsi que dans les régions Rhône-Alpes et Midi-Pyrénées (principalement pour les hommes)?; pour les femmes, la mortalité la moins importante est située dans le nord de la région Poitou-Charentes et les Pays de la Loire. Les variations géographiques d’espérance de vie à la naissance sont étroitement associées aux variations de la mortalité à partir de 30 ans et tout particulièrement à 60-79 ans, mais pas systématiquement à celles de la mortalité des enfants. Entre 30 et 60 ans, les tumeurs demeurent l’explication principale (notamment par cancer du poumon pour les hommes), ainsi que l’alcoolisme et les suicides qui ont également des conséquences sur les groupes d’âges suivants. Les tumeurs continuent de peser sur les inégalités de mortalité entre 60 et 80 ans, et pour les femmes surtout les maladies cardio-vasculaires. Après 80 ans, ces maladies expliquent 50 % des variations de mortalité entre départements pour les femmes contre 40 % pour les hommes.
Mesurer les effets de la méthode de collecte des données
Authors: Thompson Mary E. , Huang Y. Celia , Boudreau Christian , Fong Geoffrey T. , Van Den Putte Bas , Nagelhout Gera E. , Willemsen Marc C. 
Published: January 2014

Les enquêtes recourant à un mode mixte de collecte sont de plus en plus nombreuses, et il devient nécessaire de tester les écarts entre les réponses obtenues par téléphone et par internet. Cet article analyse les effets des différents modes de collecte en utilisant la vague 1 de l’enquête International Tobacco Control (ITC) des Pays-Bas réalisée par internet (CAWI) et par téléphone (CATI). Pour de nombreuses questions, les échantillons présentent des distributions de réponse différentes. C’est dû en partie à des effets de sélection, car les répondants sont recrutés par des procédures différentes et les échantillons n’ont pas les mêmes caractéristiques démographiques, et en partie à des facteurs d’administration des questions, les répondants traitant différemment les items de réponse en fonction du mode de collecte. L’objectif est ici de présenter une modélisation qui prend en compte à la fois les effets de sélection et d’administration dans une enquête utilisant un mode mixte de collecte. Le modèle est aussi intégré dans une analyse des réactions à des mentions figurant sur les paquets de cigarettes, d’après les enquêtes ITC aux Pays-Bas, en Allemagne, en France et au Royaume-Uni.