bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term follow‐up and recurrence rate after mesorectum‐sparing bowel resection among women with rectovaginal endometriosis
Authors: Mangler Mandy , Herbstleb Julia , Mechsner Sylvia , Bartley Julia , Schneider Achim , Köhler Christhardt 
Published: March 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo demonstrate the quality of a combined vaginal–abdominal surgical approach to rectovaginal endometriosis by analyzing long‐term outcome and recurrence rates.MethodsIn a prospective cohort study in Berlin, Germany, women with endometriosis of the rectovaginal septum were enrolled between September 2004 and December 2012. Bowel infiltration was verified intraoperatively and treated by a nerve‐sparing, mesentery‐preserving vaginal–abdominal operative approach. Operative results were evaluated by assessing short‐ and long‐term complications and recurrence rates.ResultsDuring the study period, 110 women underwent surgery. For 71 (64.5%) patients, bowel infiltration was confirmed intraoperatively. Overall, 15% of the patients had peri‐ or postoperative complications. No long‐term complications occurred. After a median follow‐up of 64 months, no recurrence in the rectovaginal septum was observed among the study patients. The recurrence of pelvic endometriosis was 15%.ConclusionThe surgical nerve‐sparing approach to rectovaginal endometriosis was confirmed to facilitate precise diagnosis and treatment with minimal morbidity and a long‐term complication rate of 0%.
Continuity of the Peierls barrier and robustness of laminations
Authors: MRAMOR BLAŽ , RINK BOB 
Published: March 2014

AbstractWe study the Peierls barrier$P_{\omega }(\xi )$for a broad class of monotone variational problems. These problems arise naturally in solid state physics and from Hamiltonian twist maps. We start by deriving an estimate for the difference$\vert P_{\omega }(\xi ) - P_{q/p}(\xi ) \vert $of the Peierls barriers of rotation numbers$\omega \in {{\mathbb{R}}}$and$q/p\in {\mathbb{Q}}$. A similar estimate was obtained by Mather [Modulus of continuity for Peierls’s barrier.Proc. NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Periodic Solutions of Hamiltonian Systems and Related Topics (Il Ciocco, Italy, 13–18 October 1986) (NATO Adv. Sci. Inst. Ser. C Math. Phys. Sci., 209).Eds. P. H. Rabinowitz, A. Ambrosetti and I. Eckeland. D. Reidel, Dordrecht, 1987, pp. 177–202] in the context of twist maps, but our proof is different and applies more generally. It follows from the estimate that$\omega \mapsto P_{\omega }(\xi )$is continuous at irrational points. Moreover, we show that the Peierls barrier depends continuously on parameters and hence that the property that a monotone variational problem admits a lamination of minimizers of rotation number$\omega \in {{\mathbb{R}}}\delimiter "026E30F {\mathbb{Q}}$is open in the$C^1$-topology.
Grothendieck groups of complexes with null-homotopies
Authors: Dugger Daniel 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis paper uses differential-graded methods to give a streamlined proof of a theorem of Foxby-Halvorson. The theorem states that certain relative K-groups made from complexes with bounded (but arbitrarily long) length coincide with similar K-groups in which one sets an absolute bound on the length of the complexes.
Pilot-wave dynamics in a rotating frame: on the emergence of orbital quantization
Authors: Oza Anand U. , Harris Daniel M. , Rosales Rodolfo R. , Bush John W. M. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractWe present the results of a theoretical investigation of droplets walking on a rotating vibrating fluid bath. The droplet’s trajectory is described in terms of an integro-differential equation that incorporates the influence of its propulsive wave force. Predictions for the dependence of the orbital radius on the bath’s rotation rate compare favourably with experimental data and capture the progression from continuous to quantized orbits as the vibrational acceleration is increased. The orbital quantization is rationalized by assessing the stability of the orbital solutions, and may be understood as resulting directly from the dynamic constraint imposed on the drop by its monochromatic guiding wave. The stability analysis also predicts the existence of wobbling orbital states reported in recent experiments, and the absence of stable orbits in the limit of large vibrational forcing.
Exact Analytical Solution for the Peristaltic Flow of Nanofluids in an Asymmetric Channel with Slip Effect of the Velocity, Temperature and Concentration
Authors: Aly E. H. , Ebaid A. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe peristaltic flow of nanofluids under the effect of slip conditions was theoretically investigated. The mathematical model was governed by a system of linear and non-linear partial differential equations with prescribed boundary conditions. Then, the exact solutions were successfully obtained and reported for the first time in the present work. These exact solutions were then used for studying the effects of the slip, thermophoresis, Brownian motion parameters and many others on the pressure rise, velocity profiles, temperature distribution, nanoparticle concentration and pressure gradient. In addition, it is proved that the obtained exact solutions are reduced to the literature results in the special cases.In the general case, it was found that on comparing the current solutions with the approximate ones obtained using the homotopy perturbation method in literature, remarkable differences have been detected for behaviour of the pressure rise, velocity profiles, temperature distribution, nanoparticle concentration and finally the pressure gradient. An example of these differences is about effect of the Brownian motion parameter on the velocity profile; where it was shown in this paper that the small values of this parameter have not a significant effect on the velocity, while this situation was completely different in the published work. Many other significant differences have been also discussed. Therefore, these observed differences recommend the necessity of including the convergence issue when applying the homotopy perturbation method or any other series solution method to solve a physical model. In conclusion. The current results may be considered as a base for any future analysis and/or comparisons.
Travelling Wave Solutions for the Unsteady Flow of a Third Grade Fluid Induced Due to Impulsive Motion of Flat Porous Plate Embedded in a Porous Medium
Authors: Aziz T. , Mahomed F. M. , Shahzad A. , Ali R. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis work describes the time-dependent flow of an incompressible third grade fluid filling the porous half space over an infinite porous plate. The flow is induced due to the motion of the porous plate in its own plane with an arbitrary velocityV(t). Translational type symmetries are employed to perform the travelling wave reduction into an ordinary differential equation of the governing nonlinear partial differential equation which arises from the laws of mass and momentum. The reduced ordinary differential equation is solved exactly, for a particular case, as well as by using the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The better solution from the physical point of view is argued to be the HAM solution. The essentials features of the various emerging parameters of the flow problem are presented and discussed.
Newton's Laws of Motion Based Substantial Aether Theory for Electro-Magnetic Wave
Authors: Lin T.-W. , Lin H. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractEven though electro-magnetic wave can be calculated from Maxwell's equations, the cause of electro-magnetic waves has not been fully understood. This paper proposes a Newton's laws of motion based aether theory to derive identical results as those from Maxwell's equations for free field. The authors suggest that every aether particle has a mass and occupies a volume in space. Every aether particle has translational movement and particle spin movement. The translational movement is similar to the gas particle moving in the air and it does not produce an electro-magnetic wave. The particle spin movement generates shear and a spin wave that will be shown to have the same results as Maxwell's equations. Detailed derivation of electro-magnetic wave solutions from the proposed aether theory and Maxwell's equations is presented in this paper to show the validation of this model.
Convective-Radiation Effects on Stagnation Point Flow of Nanofluids over a Stretching/Shrinking Surface with Viscous Dissipation
Authors: Pal D. , Vajravelu K. , G. Mandal  
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTIn this paper, mixed convection stagnation point flow of nanofluids over a stretching/shrinking surface is studied numerically in the presence of thermal radiation and viscous dissipation. The governing boundary layer equations are transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations, by using a similarity transformation, which are then solved numerically using a fifth-order Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method with shooting technique. The effects of various physical parameters are analyzed and discussed. Computed results are presented in graphical and tabular forms. It is found that the Richardson number, thermal radiation and internal heat generation/absorption have interesting and significant effects on skin-friction and local Nusselt number for all the three types of nanofluids.
Conservation of cattle genetic resources: the role of breeds
Authors: FELIUS M. , THEUNISSEN B. , LENSTRA J. A. 
Published: March 2014

SUMMARYFocusing on cattle (Bos taurus, Bos indicus), the present paper discusses the concept of the breed in the context of the dynamic history of livestock domestication. A breed categorization is proposed on the basis of how the breeds came into existence. The online Appendix (available athttp://journals.cambridge.org/AGS) presents a survey of the cattle breeds of the world consisting of: (1) a list of breeds per country and then subdivided according to the proposed categories; (2) a list of breed names, including synonyms and translations, ordered according to a comprehensive breed classification; and (3) an alphabetical list of these names. The commonly accepted perceptions of breeds and how these are influenced by the nomenclature are described. Considering the history of breeds, it is argued that conservation of genetic diversity does not necessarily imply conservation of breeds. However, breeds are instrumental for the conservation of genetic diversity as independent genetic management units. These considerations may very well be extrapolated to other domestic species.
Cervical emphysema: an unusual presentation of laryngeal cancer
Authors: Pézier T , Schuknecht B , Schmid S , Huber G 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackground:Acute respiratory decompensation can occur on a background of slowly progressive airway compromise, for example in laryngeal squamous cell cancer. Surgeons in ENT, together with anaesthetists, are often asked to evaluate airway risk and as yet there is no widely adopted standardised approach.Case report:This paper reports the case of an 82-year-old male, who presented with acute airway compromise due to both endolaryngeal obstruction from a squamous cell cancer and extralaryngeal compression from massive subcutaneous emphysema.Results:Primary total laryngectomy was performed, but the patient declined adjuvant radiotherapy. He died a year later from a heart attack without evidence of recurrence.Conclusion:To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of acute airway compromise from extralaryngeal subcutaneous emphysema secondary to laryngeal cancer. Options for acute airway management are discussed.
An application of graphical enumeration to PA
Authors: Weiermann Andreas 
Published: March 2014

AbstractForαless thanε0letNαbe the number of occurrences ofωin the Cantor normal form ofα. Further let ∣n∣ denote the binary length of a natural numbern, let ∣n∣hdenote theh-times iterated binary length ofnand let inv(n) be the leasthsuch that ∣n∣h≤ 2. We show that for any natural numberhfirst order Peano arithmetic, PA, does not prove the following sentence: For allKthere exists anMwhich bounds the lengthsnof all strictly descending sequences 〈α0, …,αn〉 of ordinals less thanε0which satisfy the condition that the NormNαiof thei-th termαiis bounded byK+ ∣i∣ · ∣i∣i.As a supplement to this (refined Friedman style) independence result we further show that e.g., primitive recursive arithmetic, PRA, proves that for allKthere is anMwhich bounds the lengthnof any strictly descending sequence 〈α0, …,αn〉 of ordinals less thanε0which satisfies the condition that the NormNαiof thei-th termαiis bounded byK+ ∣i∣ · inv(i). The proofs are based on results from proof theory and techniques from asymptotic analysis of Polya-style enumerations.Using results from Otter and from Matoušek and Loebl we obtain similar characterizations for finite bad sequences of finite trees in terms of Otter's tree constant 2.9557652856.…
Extensions séparées et immédiates de corps valués
Authors: Delon Françoise 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBaur a défini la notion d'extension séparée de corps valués et montré que toute extension d'un corps maximal est séparée. Nous prouvons que, si (K, υ) est henselien et de caractéristique résiduelle nulle, alors (K, υ) ⊂ (L, w) est séparée ssi L est linéairement disjoint sur K de toute extension immédiate de K.Separated and immediate extensions of valued fields. The notion of separated extension of valued fields was introduced by Baur. He showed that extensions of maximal fields are separated. We prove that, when (K, υ) is Henselian with residual characteristic 0, then (K, υ) ⊂ (L, w) is separated iff L is linearly disjoint over K from each immediate extension of K.
MM. Borel, Tits, Zil′ber et le Général Nonsense
Authors: Poizat Bruno 
Published: March 2014

Le rêve secret de tout logicien, c’est de prouver un résultat mathématique significatif avec des moyens de fortune; ce rêve se réalise parfois de manière quelque peu biaisée, le théorème obtenu n’étant qu’une version trop simplifiée, ou bien trop adaptée aux besoins de la logique, pour convaincre un mathématicien normal. C’est pour cela que j’annonce d’emblée la couleur, et que je précise les règles du jeu: la version du théorème de Borel-Tits que je vais montrer, concernant les groupes algébriques simples sur un corps de base algébriquement clos, sera considérée comme pratiquement évidente par un géomètre; mais c’est, à mon avis, la seule qui ait un intérêt pour un théoricien des modèles.Quand on entreprend ainsi de redémontrer une version simple d’un résultat par ailleurs bien connu, le seul intérêt est dans la méthode: ce que je veux, ici, c’est présenter une preuve qui n’utilise aucune information, ou presque, sur la structure algébrique de ces groupes; il est même souhaitable d’oublier qu’il s’agit de groupes linéaires! Elle repose sur des résultats généraux concernant les groupes de rang de Morley fini, dus à divers auteurs, dont le principal, Boris Iosifovič Zil′ber, a déjà fait une tentative similaire [Zil′ber 1984]; je poursuis ici cette tentative, mais en me limitant à des arguments encore moins spécifiques au contexte de la géométrie.Si je fais ainsi, ce n’est pas pour donner l’impression que l’unique ambition de la théorie des modèles est de montrer des résultats triviaux par des méthodes triviales.
Σ2-collection and the infinite injury priority method
Authors: Mytilinaios Michael E. , Slaman Theodore A. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractWe show that the existence of a recursively enumerable set whose Turing degree is neither low nor complete cannot be proven from the basic axioms of first order arithmetic (P−) together with Σ2-collection (BΣ2). In contrast, a high (hence, not low) incomplete recursively enumerable set can be assembled by a standard application of the infinite injury priority method. Similarly, for each n, the existence of an incomplete recursively enumerable set that is neither lown nor highn-1, while true, cannot be established in P− + BΣn+1. Consequently, no bounded fragment of first order arithmetic establishes the facts that the highn and lown jump hierarchies are proper on the recursively enumerable degrees.
Σ1 definitions with parameters
Authors: Slaman T. A. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractLet p be a set. A function Φ is uniformly Σ1(p) in every admissible set if there is a Σ1 formula ϕ in the parameter p so that ϕ defines Φ in every Σ1-admissible set which includes p. A theorem of Van de Wiele states that if Φ is a total function from sets to sets then Φ is uniformly Σ1 in every admissible set if and only if it is E-recursive. A function is ESp-recursive if it can be generated from the schemes for E-recursion together with a selection scheme over the transitive closure of p. The selection scheme is exactly what is needed to insure that the ESP-recursively enumerable predicates are closed under existential quantification over the transitive closure of p. Two theorems are established: a) If the transitive closure of p is countable then a total function on sets is ESp-recursive if and only if it is uniformly Σ1(p) in every admissible set. b) For any p, if Φ is a function on the ordinal numbers then Φ is ESP-recursive if and only if it is uniformly Σ1(p) in every admissible set.
An interpretation of “finite” modal first-order languages in classical second-order languages
Authors: Lehmann Scott K. 
Published: March 2014

This note describes a simple interpretation * of modal first-order languages K with but finitely many predicates in derived classical second-order languages L(K) such that if Γ is a set of K-formulae, Γ is satisfiable (according to Kripke's 55 semantics) iff Γ* is satisfiable (according to standard (or nonstandard) second-order semantics).The motivation for the interpretation is roughly as follows. Consider the “true” modal semantics, in which the relative possibility relation is universal. Here the necessity operator can be considered a universal quantifier over possible worlds. A possible world itself can be identified with an assignment of extensions to the predicates and of a range to the quantifiers; if the quantifiers are first relativized to an existence predicate, a possible world becomes simply an assignment of extensions to the predicates. Thus the necessity operator can be taken to be a universal quantifier over a class of assignments of extensions to the predicates. So if these predicates are regarded as naming functions from extensions to extensions, the necessity operator can be taken as a string of universal quantifiers over extensions.The alphabet of a “finite” modal first-order language K shall consist of a non-empty countable set Var of individual variables, a nonempty finite set Pred of predicates, the logical symbols ‘¬’ ‘∧’, and ‘∧’, and the operator ‘◊’. The formation rules of K generate the usual Polish notations as K-formulae. ‘ν’, ‘ν1’, … range over Var, ‘P’ over Pred, ‘A’ over K-formulae, and ‘Γ’ over sets of K-formulae.
Modal formulas are either elementary or not ΣΔ-elementary
Authors: van Benthem J. F. A. K. 
Published: March 2014

In this paper we prove that if L is a set of modal propositional formulas then FR(L) (the class of all frames in which every formula of L holds) is elementary, Δ-elementary or not ΣΔ-elementary. For single modal formulas the second of these cases does not occur.The model theoretic terminology and results used here are from [1]. (The underlying first order language contains only one, binary, predicate letter in addition to the identity symbol.) We presuppose familiarity with the usual notions and notations of propositional modal logic. A structure for our first order language is called a frame. (So a frame is an ordered couple 〈W, R〉 with domain W and R a binary predicate on W, i.e. a subset of W × W.) A valuation V on F is a function from the set of proposition letters to the power set of W. Using the well-known Kripke truth definition V can be extended to a function from the set of all modal propositional formulas to the power set of W. A modal propositional formula φ holds in a frame F (= 〈W, R〉) if, for all V on F, V(φ) = W. Notation: FR(φ) for the class of all frames in which φ holds. For a set L of modal propositional formulas we define FR(L) as ⋂φ∈LFR(φ). Obviously both FR(L) and cFR(L) (the complement of FR(L)) are closed under isomorphisms.
α-decompositions of α-spaces
Authors: Fowler Northrup 
Published: March 2014

The concept of an α-space was introduced and studied by Dekker in [1] and [2] from which we take our terminology and notation. The reader is assumed to be familiar with their contents. In this paper we are interested in the following conjecture which appears in [2, p. 493]:(*) S ⊕ C = V and S ∥ C and V an α-space ⇒ both S and C are α-spaces.It can be simply rephrased as:(**) The two components of an α-decomposition of an α-space are both α-spaces.In either form it is relevant to the ideas of α-subspace and α-homomorphism. Dekker [2, T5] has established (*) in the case S (or C) is an isolic α-space. In this paper we will prove (*) in two specific cases, one of which is a generalization of Dekker's result.
The ⊰-order on submodels
Authors: Marcus Leo 
Published: March 2014

The relation M1 ⊰ M2, where M1 and M2 are elementary submodels of a given model M, defines a partial ordering ⊰(M). A natural question is: What are the general properties of this ordering and what special properties can it have for given M? Here we give an example of a prime model M for which ⊰(M) is a dense linear order, in particular ⊰(M) is isomorphic to the natural order of (− ∞, ∞], the reals with a last element (Theorem 1). In fact, this is the only way for ⊰(M) to be a linear order when M is prime (Theorem 3).We then remark that if N is a model of an ℵ0-categorical theory then ⊰(N) cannot be a linear order, but we give an example where ⊰(N) is a dense partial order, N a model of an ℵ0-categorical theory.Independently, and about the same time, Benda [1] found nonprime models M where ⊰(M) is isomorphic to any one of a large class of orders, including (− ∞, ∞]. His methods are very similar to ours.Notation. We assume the reader is familar with Vaught [2] where he will find the definitions and standard results pertaining to prime models, homogeneous models, and ℵ0-categorical theories.
Minimal upper bounds for ascending sequences of α-recursively enumerable degrees
Authors: Chong C. T. 
Published: March 2014

Let a be an admissible ordinal and let ∧ ≤ α be a limit ordinal. A sequence of a-r.e. degrees is said to be ascending, simultaneous and of length ∧ if (i) there is an α-recursive function t: α × ∧ → α such that, for all ϒ < ∧, Aϒ = {t(σ, ϒ)∣ σ < α} is of degree aϒ; (ii) if ϒ < ⊤ < ∧, then aϒ ≤αaτ and (iii) for all ϒ < ∧, there is a ⊤ > ϒ with aϒ, >αaϒ. Lerman [4] showed that such an exists for every ∧ ≤ α. An upper bound a of is an α-r.e. degree in which every element of is α-recursive. a is minimal if there is no α-r.e. degree b <αa which is also an upper bound of . Sacks [6] proved that every ascending sequence of simultaneously ω-r.e. degrees of length ω cannot have 0ω′, the complete ω-r.e. degree, as a minimal upper bound. In contrast, Cooper [2] showed that there exists an ascending sequence of simultaneously ω-r.e. degrees of length to having a minimal upper bound which is an ω-r.e. degree. In this paper we investigate the behavior of ascending sequences of simultaneously α-r.e. degrees for admissible ordinals α > ω. Call α Σ∞-admissibIe if it is Σn-nadmissible for all n. Let Φ(∧) say: No ascending sequence of simultaneously α-r.e. degrees of length ∧ can have 0α′, the complete α-r.e. degree, as a minimal upper bound. Our main result in this paper is:Let α be either a constructible cardinal with σ2ci(α) < α or Σ∞-admissible. Then σ2cf(α) is the least ordinal ν for which every ∧ ≤ α of cofinality ν (over Lα) can satisfy Φ(∧).