bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physician‐Pharmacist Co‐Management and 24‐Hour Blood Pressure Control
Authors: Chen Ziqian , Ernst Michael E. , Ardery Gail , Xu Yinghui , Carter Barry L. 
Published: February 2013

The objectives of this study were to compare indices of 24‐hour blood pressure (BP) following a physician‐pharmacist collaborative intervention and to describe the associated changes in antihypertensive medications. This was a secondary analysis of a prospective, cluster‐randomized clinical trial conducted in 6 family medicine clinics randomized to co‐managed (n=3 clinics, 176 patients) or control (n=3 clinics, 198 patients) groups. Mean ambulatory systolic BP (SBP) was significantly lower in the co‐managed vs the control group: daytime BP 122.8 mm Hg vs 134.4 mm Hg (P<.001); nighttime SBP 114.8 mm Hg vs 123.7 mm Hg (P<.001); and 24‐hour SBP 120.4 mm Hg vs 131.8 mm Hg (P<.001), respectively. Significantly more drug changes were made in the co‐managed than in the control group (2.7 vs 1.1 changes per patient, P<.001), and there was greater diuretic use in co‐managed patients (79.6% vs 62.6%, P<.001). Ambulatory BPs were significantly lower for the patients who had a diuretic added during the first month compared with those who never had a diuretic added (P<.01). Physician‐pharmacist co‐management significantly improved ambulatory BP compared with the control group. Antihypertensive drug therapy was intensified much more for patients in the co‐managed group.
Bioluminescence imaging: a shining future for cardiac regeneration
Authors: Roura Santiago , Gálvez‐Montón Carolina , Bayes‐Genis Antoni 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAdvances in bioanalytical techniques have become crucial for both basic research and medical practice. One example, bioluminescence imaging (BLI), is based on the application of natural reactants with light‐emitting capabilities (photoproteins and luciferases) isolated from a widespread group of organisms. The main challenges in cardiac regeneration remain unresolved, but a vast number of studies have harnessed BLI with the discovery of aequorin and green fluorescent proteins. First described in the luminous hydromedusan Aequorea victoria in the early 1960s, bioluminescent proteins have greatly contributed to the design and initiation of ongoing cell‐based clinical trials on cardiovascular diseases. In conjunction with advances in reporter gene technology, BLI provides valuable information about the location and functional status of regenerative cells implanted into numerous animal models of disease. The purpose of this review was to present the great potential of BLI, among other existing imaging modalities, to refine effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of cardiac cell therapy. We recount the first discovery of natural primary compounds with light‐emitting capabilities, and follow their applications to bioanalysis. We also illustrate insights and perspectives on BLI to illuminate current efforts in cardiac regeneration, where the future is bright.
Practitioner Review: The victims and juvenile perpetrators of child sexual abuse – assessment and intervention
Authors: Vizard Eileen 
Published: February 2013

Background:  The assessment of victims of child sexual abuse (CSA) is now a recognized aspect of clinical work for both CAMH and adult services. As juvenile perpetrators of CSA are responsible for a significant minority of the sexual assaults on other children, CAMH services are increasingly approached to assess these oversexualized younger children or sexually abusive adolescents. A developmental approach to assessment and treatment intervention is essential in all these cases.Method:  This review examines research on the characteristics of child victims and perpetrators of CSA. It describes evidence‐based approaches to assessment and treatment of both groups of children. A selective review of MEDLINE, Psycinfo, Cochrane Library, and other databases was undertaken. Recommendations are made for clinical practice and future research.Findings:  The characteristics of CSA victims are well known and those of juvenile perpetrators of sexual abuse are becoming recognized. Assessment approaches for both groups of children should be delivered within a safeguarding context where risk to victims is minimized. Risk assessment instruments should be used only as adjuncts to a full clinical assessment. Given high levels of psychiatric comorbidity, assessment, treatment, and other interventions should be undertaken by mental health trained staff.Conclusions:  Victims and perpetrators of CSA present challenges and opportunities for professional intervention. Their complex presentations mean that their needs should be met by highly trained staff. However, their youth and developmental immaturity also give an opportunity to nip problem symptoms and behaviors in the bud. The key is in the earliest possible intervention with both groups. Future research should focus on long‐term adult outcomes for both child victims and children who perpetrate CSA. Adult outcomes of treated children could identify problems and/or strengths in parenting the next generation and also the persistence and/or desistence of sexualized or abusive behavior.
Perceived overqualification and withdrawal behaviours: Examining the roles of job attitudes and work values
Authors: Maynard Douglas C. , Parfyonova Natalya M. 
Published: February 2013

The current study examined a moderated mediation model of perceived overqualification and job search, with job attitudes as mediators and the competence and growth work value as a moderator. We also hypothesized a positive relationship between overqualification and actual voluntary turnover behaviour. College graduates from diverse occupations completed two surveys spaced 6 months apart (n = 368). Results suggested that perceived overqualification at Time 1 led to active job search behaviour at Time 2, both directly and through job satisfaction. The direct link was moderated by work values, such that the overqualification–job search relationship was stronger for employees who highly valued work which offered skill utilization and growth. Perceived overqualification was also predictive of voluntary turnover behaviour; those at the high end of the overqualification scale were over four times more likely to have left their position than those at the low end of the scale. Finally, those who left their original positions reported less overqualification in their new positions. The current findings extend the limited existing literature by establishing relationships between overqualification and withdrawal behaviours 6 months later, and also providing evidence that individual differences may influence reactions to being overqualified.Practitioner points

The current study found that employees who feel overqualified were more likely to be searching for a new job 6 months later, especially among those who strongly value work that utilizes their skills. Perceived overqualification was also linked to future actual turnover behaviour. Thus, organizations stand to potentially lose talented employees if they feel underutilized and underchallenged in their jobs.
These trends are particularly true of employees who strongly desire work that takes advantage of their talents, suggesting that the most ambitious employees are likely to seek alternate employment if they feel underutilized.
To retain these employees, supervisors first need to identify employees who might be feeling overqualified and underutilized, as these perceptions may or may not line up with ‘objective’ overqualification. The supervisor can then consider ways to empower the employee through increased involvement in decision‐making or offering more advanced job assignments.
Correlations between genetic and species diversity: effects of resource quantity and heterogeneity
Authors: Avolio Meghan L. , Smith Melinda D. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractQuestionsIt is hypothesized that species and genetic diversity are correlated because niche differentiation among species and genotypes is either affected by the same processes (positive) or each level restricts the amount of diversity in the other (negative). Although many studies have observed both positive and negative relationships, others have found no correlation between the two diversity measures. Are measures of species (richness, diversity and evenness) and genetic diversity correlated, and how does resource (soil moisture, light, nitrogen and phosphorus) quantities and heterogeneity affect both levels of diversity?LocationIntact tallgrass prairie atKonzaPrairieBiologicalStation, northeastKansas,US.MethodsWe investigate the correlation between plant species and genetic diversity in a long‐term precipitation manipulation experiment – theRainfallManipulationPlots (RaMPs) – located in intact tallgrass prairie as well as adjacent non‐manipulated prairie. TheRaMPs experiment has been imposing ambient and more variable precipitation regimes (a 50% increase in timing between rainfall events without changing total rainfall amount) during the growing season since 1998, resulting in reduced mean soil moisture and increased soil moisture variability. Thus, theRaMPs and non‐manipulated prairie plots capture a range of soil moisture amounts and variability. Genetic diversity (measured as genotype richness and genomic dissimilarity among individuals) was quantified for the dominant grass species,Andropogon gerardii, which has large impacts on plant community structure and ecosystem function.ResultsWe found species and genetic diversity were not significantly correlated. Genotypic richness was negatively related to soil moisture variability, but measures of species diversity were not. In the non‐manipulated plots only, we found generally negative relationships between resource quantity (light and nitrogen) and community diversity, and positive relationships between resource heterogeneity (CVof light) and community diversity.ConclusionsOur results suggest that a lack of a positive or negative relationship between species and genetic diversity could be due to these two levels of diversity responding differently to the identity, quantity and heterogeneity of resources.
Shakespeare and Popular Politics
Authors: Doty Jeffrey S 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article defines popular politics as the tactics – ranging from grumbling to rioting – used by common people to articulate and redress economic and social injustice. Early modern popular politics were not, however, exclusively radical and were rarely antimonarchical. A study of popular politics thus pressures the conservative versus progressive binary through which most critics discuss Shakespeare’s politics. Furthermore, this article contests the widely held assumption that Shakespeare was hostile in his representations of ‘the people’ and toward his audience. An understanding of popular politics equips one to read Shakespeare’s crowds not as irrational lovers of violence but rather as stewards of the commonwealth or conscious agents of their own material interests. This article poses the theater itself as a space of popular politics, insofar as it was a space where popular politics were depicted onstage and where common people were invited to think through political issues.
Early modification stage (preresurge) sediment mobilization in the Lockne concentric, marine‐target crater, Sweden
Authors: Sturkell Erik , Ormö Jens , Lepinette Alain 
Published: February 2013

AbstractLockne is a concentric impact structure due to a layered target where weak sediments and seawater covered a crystalline basement. A matrix‐supported, sedimentary breccia is interlayered between the crystalline breccia lens and the resurge deposits in the crater infill. As the breccia is significantly different from the direct impact breccia and the resurge deposit, we propose a separate unit name, Tramsta Breccia, based on the type locality (i.e., the LOC02 drilling at Tramsta). We use granulometry and a novel matrix line‐log method to characterize the sedimentology of the Tramsta Breccia. The obliquity of impact combined with the layered target caused an asymmetric, concentric transient crater, which upon its collapse controlled the deposition of the breccia. On the wide‐brimmed downrange side of the crater where the sedimentary target succession was removed during crater excavation, wide, overturned basement crater ejecta flaps prevented any slumping of exterior sediments. Instead, the sediments most likely originated from the uprange side where the brim was narrow and the basement crater rim was poorly developed, sediment‐rich, and relatively unstable. Here, the water cavity wall remained in closer proximity to the basement crater and, aided by the pressure of the collapsing water wall, unconsolidated black mud would flow back into the crater. The absence of interlayered resurge deposits in the Tramsta Breccia and the evidence for reworking at the contact between the overlying resurge deposits and the Tramsta Breccia indicate that the slumping was a rapid process (<75 s) terminating well before the resurge entered the crater.
Postglacial recolonization history of the European crabapple (Malus sylvestris Mill.), a wild contributor to the domesticated apple
Authors: Cornille A. , Giraud T. , Bellard C. , Tellier A. , Le Cam B. , Smulders M. J. M. , Kleinschmit J. , Roldan‐Ruiz I. , Gladieux P. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractUnderstanding the way in which the climatic oscillations of the Quaternary Period have shaped the distribution and genetic structure of extant tree species provides insight into the processes driving species diversification, distribution and survival. Deciphering the genetic consequences of past climatic change is also critical for the conservation and sustainable management of forest and tree genetic resources, a timely endeavour as the Earth heads into a period of fast climate change. We used a combination of genetic data and ecological niche models to investigate the historical patterns of biogeographic range expansion of a wild fruit tree, the European crabapple (Malus sylvestris), a wild contributor to the domesticated apple. Both climatic predictions for the last glacial maximum and analyses of microsatellite variation indicated that M. sylvestris experienced range contraction and fragmentation. Bayesian clustering analyses revealed a clear pattern of genetic structure, with one genetic cluster spanning a large area in Western Europe and two other genetic clusters with a more limited distribution range in Eastern Europe, one around the Carpathian Mountains and the other restricted to the Balkan Peninsula. Approximate Bayesian computation appeared to be a powerful technique for inferring the history of these clusters, supporting a scenario of simultaneous differentiation of three separate glacial refugia. Admixture between these three populations was found in their suture zones. A weak isolation by distance pattern was detected within each population, indicating a high extent of historical gene flow for the European crabapple.
The Epistemology of Religious Diversity in Contemporary Philosophy of Religion
Authors: Dastmalchian Amir 
Published: February 2013

AbstractReligious diversity is a key topic in contemporary philosophy of religion. One way religious diversity has been of interest to philosophers is in the epistemological questions it gives rise to. In other words, religious diversity has been seen to pose a challenge for religious belief. In this study four approaches to dealing with this challenge are discussed. These approaches correspond to four well‐known philosophers of religion, namely, Richard Swinburne, Alvin Plantinga, William Alston, and John Hick. The study is concluded by suggesting four factors which shape one’s response to the challenge religious diversity poses to religious belief.
Varieties of Reasons/Motives Internalism
Authors: Arkonovich Steven 
Published: February 2013

AbstractUnder what conditions do you have a reason to perform some action? Do you only have reason to do what you want to do? Reasons‐motives internalism is the appealingly simple view that unless an agent is, or could be, motivated to act in a certain way, he has no normative reason to act in that way. Thus, according to reasons‐motives internalism, facts about an individual’s motivational psychology constrain what is rational for that agent to do. This article canvasses several ways of formulating the view and considers some advantages and disadvantages of each.
Philosophical Reflection on Petitionary Prayer
Authors: Smith Nicholas D. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIf God actually answers prayers that petition him for something, then it seems he is willing to withhold some good(s) from the world unless and until someone prays for those goods. But how is this compatible with His benevolence? On the other hand, if God is dedicated to providing every good to us that we may need, it would seem that He would provide these to us even if we did not pray for them. But if so, it would appear that petitionary prayer is pointless. This discussion reviews the various contributions (especially the most recent ones) made by philosophers in trying to answer these questions, and in criticizing these answers.
Law and Coercion
Authors: Hughes Robert C 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThough political philosophers often presuppose that coercive enforcement is fundamental to law, many legal philosophers have doubted this. This article explores doubts of two types. Some legal philosophers argue that given an adequate account of coercion and coerciveness, the enforcement of law in actual legal systems will generally not count as coercive. Others accept that actual legal systems enforce many laws coercively, but they deny that law has a necessary connection with coercion. There can be individual laws that lack coercive sanctions, and it is at least conceptually possible for there to be a legal system that lacks coercive enforcement altogether. This article then examines why most political philosophers and some legal philosophers have been reluctant to treat the conceptual possibility of non‐coercive law as significant.
Artistry as Methodology: Aesthetic Experience and Chinese Philosophy1
Authors: Mattice Sarah 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAlthough aesthetics has been to some extent marginalized in western philosophy, within the Chinese philosophical tradition aesthetics plays a key role. This article explores Chinese aesthetics as a site of valuable resources for rethinking the ways in which we conceptualize philosophical activity. After introducing a few distinct features of the Chinese aesthetic tradition, the article examines aesthetic distance in terms of guan, he, and ying, Chinese conceptions of artists and participants, and aesthetic suggestiveness or the inexhaustibility of a work of art, in order to suggest that the Chinese philosophical tradition might contribute its sense of connection between style or method of doing philosophy and aesthetics to a contemporary metaphor of philosophy as aesthetic experience.
Game Theoretic Pragmatics
Authors: Franke Michael 
Published: February 2013

AbstractGame theoretic pragmatics is a small but growing part of formal pragmatics, the linguistic subfield studying language use. The general logic of a game theoretic explanation of a pragmatic phenomenon is this: (i) the conversational context is modelled as a game between speaker and hearer; (ii) an adequate solution concept then selects the to‐be‐explained behavior in the game model. For such an explanation to be convincing, both components, game model and solution concept, should be formulated and scrutinized as explicitly as possible. The article demonstrates this by a concise overview of both evolutionary and non‐evolutionary approaches to game theoretic pragmatics, arguing for the use of agent‐based micro‐dynamics within evolutionary, and for the use of epistemic game theory within non‐evolutionary approaches.
Territorial Rights and Exclusion
Authors: Ypi Lea 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIs it possible to justify territorial rights? Provided a justification for territorial rights can be found, does it ground claims toparticularterritories? And provided a claim to particular territories can be justified, what kind of claim is it? Is it a claim to jurisdiction? A claim to control resources? A claim to control the movement of people across borders? In this paper I review some prominent accounts seeking to answer these questions. After outlining their main features, I focus on some difficulties they encounter, in particular with regard to the justification of exclusion.
Selective mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake deficit in disease endstage vulnerable motoneurons of the SOD1G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Fuchs Andrea , Kutterer Sylvie , Mühling Tobias , Duda Johanna , Schütz Burkhard , Liss Birgit , Keller Bernhard U. , Roeper Jochen 
Published: February 2013

Key points
So far, increased excitability and calcium handling problems have been discussed as causes for motoneuron death in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) mainly on the basis of studies in juvenile presymptomatic mice.
We developed a brainstem preparation to analyse excitability and calcium handling during disease progression up to disease endstage of motoneurons in an ALS mouse model.
Increased excitability of motoneurons is not seen at disease endstage, challenging this factor as a direct cause for motoneuron death in ALS.
We show that calcium handling is remodelled during disease progression from mitochondrial uptake to mitochondrial uptake failure and increased plasma membrane extrusion, providing a compensatory mechanism that fails at disease endstage and might lead to a toxic calcium overload of the cells.
Supporting this newly described compensatory endeavour of the motoneurons might be a promising therapeutic strategy.
Abstract  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that targets some somatic motoneuron populations, while others, e.g. those of the oculomotor system, are spared. The pathophysiological basis of this pattern of differential vulnerability, which is preserved in a transgenic mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (SOD1G93A), and the mechanism of neurodegeneration in general are unknown. Hyperexcitability and calcium dysregulation have been proposed by others on the basis of data from juvenile mice that are, however, asymptomatic. No studies have been done with symptomatic mice following disease progression to the disease endstage. Here, we developed a new brainstem slice preparation for whole‐cell patch‐clamp recordings and single cell fura‐2 calcium imaging to study motoneurons in adult wild‐type and SOD1G93A mice up to disease endstage. We analysed disease‐stage‐dependent electrophysiological properties and intracellular Ca2+ handling of vulnerable hypoglossal motoneurons in comparison to resistant oculomotor neurons. Thereby, we identified a transient hyperexcitability in presymptomatic but not in endstage vulnerable motoneurons. Additionally, we revealed a remodelling of intracellular Ca2+ clearance within vulnerable but not resistant motoneurons at disease endstage characterised by a reduction of uniporter‐dependent mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and enhanced Ca2+ extrusion across the plasma membrane. Our study challenged the notion that hyperexcitability is a direct cause of neurodegeneration in SOD1G93A mice, but molecularly identified a Ca2+ clearance deficit in motoneurons and an adaptive Ca2+ handling strategy that might be targeted by future therapeutic strategies.