bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silk fibroin/vitreous humor hydrogel scaffold modified by a carbodiimide crosslinker for wound healing
Authors: Rafiei Sepideh , Ghanbari‐Abdolmaleki Marjan , Zeinali Reza , Heidari‐Keshel Saeed , Rahimi Azam , Royanian Farima , Zaeifi Davood , Taheri Kiana , Pourtaghi Kimia , Khaleghi Maryam , Biazar Esmaeil 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNatural‐derived biomaterials can be used as substrates for the growth, proliferation, and differentiation of cells. In this study, bovine vitreous humor as a biological material was cross‐linked to silk fibroin with different concentration ratios to design a suitable substrate for corneal tissue regeneration. The cross‐linked samples were evaluated with different analyses such as structural, physical (optical, swelling, and degradation), mechanical, and biological (viability, cell adhesion) assays. The results showed that all samples had excellent transparency, especially those with higher silk fibroin content. Increasing the ratio of vitreous humor to silk fibroin decreased mechanical strength and increased swelling and degradation, respectively. There was no significant difference in the toxicity of the samples, and with the increase in vitreous humor ratio, adhesion and cell proliferation increased. Generally, silk fibroin with vitreous humor can provide desirable characteristics as a transparent film for corneal wound healing.
Development and qualification of 3 L scale‐down model for large scale vaccine process on Vero cell culture using microcarriers
Authors: Huang Renjing , Wang Kai , Flamm Matthew H. , Vazquez Jorge , Gercke Chris , Ton Christopher , Whitmer Travis , Mathis Pamela K. , Ploeger Kristin J. M. , Rameez Shahid 
Published: July 2024

AbstractScale‐down models (SDM) are pivotal tools for process understanding and improvement to accelerate the development of vaccines from laboratory research to global commercialization. In this study, a 3 L SDM representing a 50 L scale Vero cell culture process of a live‐attenuated virus vaccine using microcarriers was developed and qualified based on the constant impeller power per volume principle. Both multivariate data analysis (MVDA) and the traditional univariate data analysis showed comparable and equivalent cell growth, metabolic activity, and product quality results across scales. Computational fluid dynamics simulation further confirmed similar hydrodynamic stress between the two scales.
A dynamic identity process approach to veg*nism: Does identity status matter among meat‐reducers?
Authors: Bagci Sabahat C. , Yilmaz Aysenur D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe current study investigated meat‐reducers' (vegan, vegetarian, and flexitarian) dietary identities using an identity process approach. Drawing on identity development theories, we aimed to (i) classify meat‐reducers from the United Kingdom and United States (N = 375) based on their level of identity exploration and commitment, and (ii) examine the effect of dietary identity status on diet and group‐based behaviours. Findings demonstrated evidence for three identity clusters: achieved (high exploration and high commitment), foreclosed (lower exploration and higher commitment), and diffused (low exploration and low commitment) meat‐reducers. Vegans were more likely to display an achieved dietary identity, whereas the majority of flexitarians indicated a diffused identity. More importantly, identity status had significant effects on all outcome measures, with achieved meat‐reducers reporting greatest dietary strictness, greatest centrality and private regard, but lowest public regard, as well as most negative attitudes towards meat‐eaters and greatest activism. We discuss how investigating dietary identities with a ‘process framework’ may point to a more inclusive view of social identities among people who follow a plant‐based diet.
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Stachys maritima via Quantum Dots and Molecular Docking
Authors: Can Aytar Erdi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStachys maritima is a species of plant belonging to the Lamiaceae, commonly known as common sea lavender. The extraction of S. maritima involves drying the aerial parts, grinding them into powder, followed by extraction with methanol. ST‐CQDs (S. maritima carbon quantum dots) were synthesized from S. maritima extract via pyrolysis. An optimal synthesis condition of 7 hours of pyrolysis was determined to yield ST‐CQDs with high absorption in the visible‐UV range. Characterization techniques such as UV‐visible spectroscopy and TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) confirmed the spherical and homogeneous nature of the carbon quantum dots. S. maritima methanol extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity with a DPPH (2,2‐Diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) IC50 value of 0.114±0.001 mg/mL. Similarly, ST‐CQDs showed strong antioxidant properties with a DPPH IC50 value of 0.69±0.03 mg/mL. Moreover, the methanol extract of S. maritima demonstrated antimicrobial activity against E. coli ATCC 25922 and S. aureus ATCC 25923, with effective MIC values of 25 mg/mL and 6.25 mg/mL, respectively. However, ST‐CQDs did not show antimicrobial effects against the tested microorganisms (E. coli ATCC 25922, S. aureus ATCC 25923, K. pneumoniae ATCC 13883, and C. albicans ATCC 10231). Molecular docking simulations suggested that compounds derived from S. maritima (such as 9,12,15‐octadecatrienoic acid and palmitic acid) could interact effectively with TNF‐α (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha), indicating potential anti‐inflammatory properties. This study highlights that the methanol extract of S. maritima possesses potent antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and ST‐CQDs exhibit similar antioxidant properties. However, ST‐CQDs did not demonstrate antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogens. Molecular docking simulations also suggest potential anti‐inflammatory properties of compounds derived from the plant.
In Vitro Selection and Characterization of a Light‐up DNA Aptamer for Thiazole Orange
Authors: La Volition , Evans Natasha M. , Hong Aiden , Tormann Alexandra , Shivers Lindsey , Dieckmann Thorsten 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA new DNA aptamer that binds to the target Thiazole Orange‐biotin (TO1‐biotin) was isolated after nine rounds of in vitro selection. The selection was performed on streptavidin‐coated beads with the target bound to the surface and with free dye in solution in higher selection rounds to select for slower off‐rate binding. Using next‐generation sequencing (NGS), the libraries after the 4th and 9th rounds of selection were sequenced to identify enriched sequences. Several sequence families emerged, showing superior fluorescence enhancement and high affinity for the target compared to the other families obtained by NGS analysis. These sequence families were further studied to understand the binding interactions better. Primary sequence and secondary structure analysis tools were used to identify a hypothetical three‐tiered G‐quadruplex motif for these families. This indicates that the TO1‐biotin DNA aptamer identified here uses a similar ligand‐binding topology to the original Mango RNA aptamer.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia‐associated odontogenic cerebral abscess in an immunocompetent patient: A case report
Authors: Scalia Gianluca , Ponzo Giancarlo , Giuffrida Massimiliano , Patanè Domenico , Riso Marcello Filippo , Garozzo Adriana , Chaurasia Bipin , Umana Giuseppe Emmanuele , Nicoletti Giovanni Federico 
Published: July 2024

Key Clinical MessageStenotrophomonas maltophilia can cause rare odontogenic brain abscesses in immunocompetent patients, highlighting the importance of considering uncommon pathogens in central nervous system infections. With only three reported cases of cerebral abscesses and one pituitary abscess caused by this microorganism, tailored diagnostic methods and individualized treatment regimens are crucial for accurate management.AbstractBrain abscesses present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections being exceptionally rare in the central nervous system. We present a case of odontogenic brain abscesses caused by S. maltophilia in an immunocompetent patient, highlighting the rarity and complexity of such infections. A 66‐year‐old male presented with spatial–temporal disorientation and left‐sided weakness. Radiological investigations revealed an expansive lesion in the right posterior frontal region. A craniotomy and drainage were performed, identifying S. maltophilia in the purulent material. The patient responded well to tailored antibiotic therapy. S. maltophilia‐related central nervous system infections are infrequent, emphasizing the need for a heightened clinical suspicion in atypical cases. This case contributes to the literature, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach for successful diagnosis and management.
Polyester‐Polycarbonate Polymer Electrolytes Beyond LiFePO4: Influence of Lithium Salt and Applied Potential Range
Authors: Johansson Isabell L , Andersson Rassmus , Erkers Johan , Brandell Daniel , Mindemark Jonas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRechargeable polymer‐based solid‐state batteries with metallic lithium anodes and LiNixMnyCo1−x−yO2 (NMC)‐based cathodes promise safer high‐energy‐density storage solutions than existing lithium‐ion batteries, but have shown challenging to realize. The failure mechanisms that have been suggested for these battery cells have mostly been related to the use of a metallic lithium anode and formation of dendrites during cycling. Here, we approach the issue of using solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) vs. NMC cathodes by employing a range of materials based on poly(ϵ‐caprolactone‐co‐trimethylene carbonate) (PCL‐PTMC) with different salts under various cycling conditions. It is seen that although the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte can be improved by exchanging the lithium salt, it does not immediately correlate to better cycling performance. However, increasing the temperature during battery cycling to improve the ion transport kinetics lowers the polarization of the battery cell and full capacity can be achieved at an upper voltage cut‐off that is appropriate for the polymer electrolyte. For these electrolytes, the limit is demonstrated to be 4.4 V vs. Li+/Li, and cycling with NMC‐111 cathodes is thereby possible provided that the upper cut‐off is limited to below this limit.
A Highly Selective Fluorescent Probe for Monitoring the Thyroid Hormone Transporter Activity in Mammalian Cells
Authors: Giri Debasish , Govindaraj Vijayakumar , Kumar Sagar , Ungati Harinarayana , Mugesh Govindasamy 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMonocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) is a trans‐membrane transporter, which mediates the cellular delivery of thyroid hormones, L‐thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3′‐triiodo‐L‐thyronine (T3). In humans, the MCT8 protein is encoded by the SLC16A2 gene and mutations in the transporter cause a genetic neurological disorder known as Allan‐Herndon‐Dudley Syndrome (AHDS). MCT8 deficiency leads to impaired transport of thyroid hormones in the brain. Radiolabelled T4 and T3 or LC/MS‐MS methods have been used to monitor the thyroid hormone uptake through MCT8. Herein, we developed a fluorescent based assay to monitor the thyroid hormone uptake through MCT8. A dansyl‐based fluorescent probe having L‐thyroxine moiety is found to be highly selective towards MCT8 in living cells. The high selectivity of the probe towards MCT8 can be attributed to the halogen bond‐mediated recognition by the transporter protein. The presence of a free carboxylic acid group is essential for the specificity of the probe towards MCT8. Additionally, the selectivity of the probe for MCT8 is abolished upon esterification of the carboxylic group. Similarly, MCT8 does not recognize the probe when it contains a free amine group.
Quantitative Characterization of RCA‐Based DNA Hydrogels – Towards Rational Materials Design
Authors: Moench Svenja A. , Lemke Phillip , Weisser Julia , Stoev Iliya D. , Rabe Kersten S. , Domínguez Carmen M. , Niemeyer Christof M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDNA hydrogels hold significant promise for biomedical applications and can be synthesized through enzymatic Rolling Circle Amplification (RCA). Due to the exploratory nature of this emerging field, standardized RCA protocols specifying the impact of reaction parameters are currently lacking. This study varied template sequences and reagent concentrations, evaluating RCA synthesis efficiency and hydrogel mechanical properties through quantitative PCR (qPCR) and indentation measurements, respectively. Primer concentration and stabilizing additives showed minimal impact on RCA efficiency, while changes in polymerase and nucleotide concentrations had a stronger effect. Concentration of the circular template exerted the greatest influence on RCA productivity. An exponential correlation between hydrogel viscosity and DNA amplicon concentration was observed, with nucleobase sequence significantly affecting both amplification efficiency and material properties, particularly through secondary structures. This study suggests that combining high‐throughput experimental methods with structural folding prediction offers a viable approach for systematically establishing structure‐property relationships, aiding the rational design of DNA hydrogel material systems.
A simultaneous study on desulphurization and denitrogenation using acid‐treated activated alumina: Multi‐component adsorption systems
Authors: Khan Naushad , Reddy G. K. V. Rami , Thaligari Sandeep Kumar , Srivastava Vimal Chandra , Singh Raj Kumar , Rawat Anuj , Mohanty Paritosh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, sulphuric acid‐treated activated alumina (AA) was used for sulphur and nitrogen removal from model fuel in a batch adsorption study. Dibenzothiophene (DBT), a sulphur compound, and quinoline, a nitrogen compound dissolved in isooctane, were taken as a model liquid fuel. Detailed characterization of the adsorbent, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis‐differential thermal analysis (TGA‐DTA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD), was performed to understand the DBT and quinoline adsorption mechanism onto AA adsorbent. Sulphur and nitrogen removal efficiencies were found to be 64% and 91%, respectively. Mono‐component adsorption isotherm was studied by using different models such as Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich‐Peterson (R‐P) isotherms. The R‐P isotherm model well‐predicted the individual equilibrium data for both nitrogen and sulphur from the liquid fuel. Binary‐component adsorption studies were performed by mixing both DBT and quinoline in isooctane. Binary‐equilibrium data were modelled by multi‐component models such as modified Langmuir isotherm, non‐modified Langmuir, extended Langmuir, extended Freundlich isotherm, Sheindorf‐Rebuhn‐Sheintuch (SRS), non‐modified R‐P model, and modified R‐P model. The extended Freundlich (E‐F) adsorption isotherm model was found to best fit the binary equilibrium system.
Vinylogous Fluorine Stabilizing Effect Enables Rational Design of a Novel Donor‐Acceptor Cyclopropane and Its Applications in [3+2] Cycloaddition Reaction and Ring‐Opening Polymerization†
Authors: Li Yue , Chen Dian‐Feng 
Published: July 2024

Comprehensive SummaryDiscovery of unprecedented donor‐acceptor patterns can essentially enrich the chemistry of donor‐acceptor cyclopropanes. We herein introduce a concept of vinylogous fluorine stabilizing effect, which guides rational design of a novel donor‐acceptor cyclopropane employing gem‐difluorovinyl group as the electron donor, namely dFVCP. Application of such dFVCPs in a [3+2] cycloaddition with aldehydes and a controlled ring‐opening polymerization by a Mg(OTf)2/DIPEA/C(sp3)‐H initiator system have been demonstrated, providing direct access to fluorine‐containing tetrahydrofurans and all‐carbon main‐chain polymers.
Conditional PROTAC: Recent Strategies for Modulating Targeted Protein Degradation
Authors: Yim Junhyeong , Park Junyoung , Kim Gabin , Lee Hyung Ho , Chung Jin Soo , Jo Ala , Koh Minseob , Park Jongmin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractProteolysis‐targeting chimeras (PROTACs) have emerged as a promising technology for inducing targeted protein degradation by leveraging the intrinsic ubiquitin‐proteasome system (UPS). While the potential druggability of PROTACs toward undruggable proteins has accelerated their rapid development and the wide‐range of applications across diverse disease contexts, off‐tissue effects and side‐effects of PROTACs have recently received attentions to improve their efficacy. To address these issues, spatial or temporal target protein degradation by PROTACs has been spotlighted. In this review, we explore chemical strategies for modulating protein degradation in a cell type‐specific (spatio−) and time‐specific (temporal−) manner, thereby offering insights for expanding PROTAC applications to overcome the current limitations of target protein degradation strategy.
Orbi‐SIMS Mediated Metabolomics Analysis of Pathogenic Tissue up to Cellular Resolution
Authors: Kern Christine , Scherer Astrid , Gambs Laura , Yuneva Mariia , Walczak Henning , Liccardi Gianmaria , Saggau Julia , Kreuzaler Peter , Rohnke Marcus 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTumors have a complex metabolism that differs from most metabolic processes in healthy tissues. It is highly dynamic and driven by the tumor cells themselves, as well as by the non‐transformed stromal infiltrates and immune components. Each of these cell populations has a distinct metabolism that depends on both their cellular state and the availability of nutrients. Consequently, to fully understand the individual metabolic states of all tumor‐forming cells, correlative mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) up to cellular resolution with minimal metabolite shift needs to be achieved. By using a secondary ion mass spectrometer (SIMS) equipped with an Orbitrap mass analyzer, we present a workflow to image primary murine tumor tissues up to cellular resolution and correlate these ion images with post acquisition immunofluorescence or histological staining. In a murine breast cancer model, we could identify metabolic profiles that clearly distinguish tumor tissue from stromal cells and immune infiltrates. We demonstrate the robustness of the classification by applying the same profiles to an independent murine model of lung cancer, which is accurately segmented by histological traits. Our pipeline allows metabolic segmentation with simultaneous cell identification, which in the future will enable the design of subpopulation‐targeted metabolic interventions for therapeutic purposes.
Computational biomechanics for a standing human body: Modal analysis and simulation
Authors: Chen Goong , Scully Matthew M. , Huang Jingtong , Sergeev Alexey , Yang Jing , Wei Chunqiu , Monday Patrick , Cohen Leon , Cheng Xingong , Liu Sanyang , Wang Junmin , Zhou Shuqin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe develop computational mechanical modeling and methods for the analysis and simulation of the motions of a human body. This type of work is crucial in many aspects of human life, ranging from comfort in riding, the motion of aged persons, sports performance and injuries, and many ergonomic issues. A prevailing approach for human motion studies is through lumped parameter models containing discrete masses for the parts of the human body with empirically determined spring, mass, damping coefficients. Such models have been effective to some extent; however, a much more faithful modeling method is to model the human body as it is, namely, as a continuum. We present this approach, and for comparison, we choose two digital CAD models of mannequins for a standing human body, one from the versatile software package LS‐DYNA and another from open resources with some of our own adaptations. Our basic view in this paper is to regard human motion as a perturbation and vibration from an equilibrium position which is upright standing. A linear elastodynamic model is chosen for modal analysis, but a full nonlinear viscoelastoplastic extension is possible for full‐body simulation. The motion and vibration of these two mannequin models is analyzed by modal analysis, where the normal vibration modes are determined. LS‐DYNA is used as the supercomputing and simulation platform. Four sets of low‐frequency modes are tabulated, discussed, visualized, and compared. Higher frequency modes are also selectively displayed. We have found that these modes of motion and vibration form intrinsic basic modes of biomechanical motion of the human body. This view is supported by our finding of the upright walking motion as a low‐frequency mode in modal analysis. Such a “walking mode” shows the in‐phase and out‐of‐phase movements between the legs and arms on the left and right sides of a human body, implying that this walking motion is spontaneous, likely not requiring any directives from the brain. Dynamic motions of CAD mannequins are also simulated by drop tests for comparisons and the validity of the models is discussed through Fourier frequency analysis. All computed modes of motion are collected in several sets of video animations for ease of visualization. Samples of LS‐DYNA computer codes are also included for possible use by other researchers.
Food Effect and Pharmacokinetic Bridging of Avacopan in Caucasian and Japanese Healthy Participants
Authors: Miao Shichang , Bekker Pirow , Armas Danielle , Lor Mary , Hanada Ryuzo , Okamura Shota , Umezawa Yuko , Trivedi Ashit 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAvacopan 30 mg twice daily (BID) is approved for the treatment of severe active antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody–associated vasculitis (granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis). Food effect on avacopan pharmacokinetics (PKs) and PK bridging in Japanese participants were examined through 2 phase 1 studies involving healthy adult participants. In Study 1, an open‐label, crossover trial, participants received oral administration of a single 30‐mg dose of avacopan under fasted and fed conditions. Study 2 was a randomized, single‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial in Caucasian and Japanese participants: Part A investigated single doses of 10 and 30 mg of avacopan under fasted and fed conditions and Part B investigated 30 and 50 mg BID avacopan. The PKs of single‐dose administrations of 10 and 30 mg in Japanese participants was compared with that in Caucasian participants under fasted conditions. Food substantially increased plasma avacopan area under the plasma concentration‐time curve from time 0 to time infinity (AUC0‐inf) by 1.72‐fold, supporting the recommendation of taking avacopan with food. Maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) remained relatively unchanged. The median time to reach Cmax (tmax) was delayed by 3 hours. No significant food effect was observed on the active metabolite CCX168‐M1 (M1) AUC. Avacopan and M1 exposures were <1.5‐fold higher in Japanese participants than in Caucasian participants following multiple‐dose administration of avacopan.