bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thyroid autoantibodies per se do not impair intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome in euthyroid healthy women
Authors: Tan Susanne , Dieterle Stefan , Pechlavanis Sonali , Janssen Onno E , Fuhrer Dagmar 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveAutoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in subfertile women with spontaneous and assisted reproductive technology-induced pregnancies. The underlying pathophysiology is still elusive and an association with thyroid dysfunction or other infertility causes is discussed. However, whether thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) per se has a negative impact on female fertility has not yet been clarified. In this study, we investigated whether TAI in healthy women undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for male infertility may affect pregnancy outcome.DesignA retrospective, single-centre study.MethodsThe ICSI outcome data obtained from 835 euthyroid women (age: 31.4±4.3 years, BMI: 23.7±4.2 kg/m2) were correlated with pre-ICSI TAI status. The known causes of female subfertility were excluded. Outcome parameters included rates of pregnancy, birth, miscarriage and preterm delivery. Blood analysis was carried out retrospectively using blood samples drawn before ICSI. TAI was defined by elevation of anti-thyroperoxidase- or anti-thyroglobulin-antibodies >100 U/l.ResultsTAI-positive and -negative groups did not differ in age, BMI or TSH levels. TAI status did not influence any ICSI outcome parameters. In contrast, increasing maternal age was significantly correlated with lower pregnancy rate (odds ratio (OR): 0.94 (95% CI: 0.91–0.97); P=0.0003) and birth rate (OR: 0.93 (95% CI: 0.09–0.97); P<0.0001).ConclusionsOur study suggests that TAI per se does not influence ICSI outcome. A strict definition of AITD and TAI and consideration of TAI-associated and -independent confounders are important to further elucidate the interplay between TAI and reproduction.
Vitamin D supplementation and strontium ranelate absorption in postmenopausal women with low bone mass
Authors: Vilaça Tatiane , Camargo Marília Brasílio Rodrigues , Rocha Olguita Ferreira , Lazaretti-Castro Marise 
Published: January 2014

BackgroundStrontium ranelate is used to treat osteoporosis. Calcium (Ca) and strontium (Sr) have common chemical features and are absorbed by the same pathways. Vitamin D has a main role in calcium intestinal absorption. The aim of this study was to investigate whether vitamin D status is a determinant of strontium ranelate absorption.MethodsTwenty-five patients with vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D<50 nmol/l) and 25 with vitamin D sufficiency (25(OH)D>75 nmol/l) underwent a 4-h oral Sr overload test. Sr absorption was evaluated as the fraction of absorbed dose and the area under the curve. After the baseline overload test, the deficient patients were treated until reaching sufficient vitamin D levels (25(OH)D>75 nmol/l) and the test was repeated.ResultsChanging vitamin D status from deficient to sufficient resulted in a significant increase in 1,25(OH)2D (24.97±4.64×34.62±9.14 pg/ml,P<0.001) and a reduction in parathyroid hormone (73.87±37.50×58.24±20.13 pg/ml,P=0.006). Nevertheless, no differences were found in the parameters used to evaluate Sr absorption between the vitamin D deficient and sufficient groups. In addition, vitamin D3 replacement in the deficient group did not result in enhanced Sr absorption.ConclusionVitamin D status did not interfere with strontium ranelate absorption. Taking into account the benefits of adequate vitamin D status in osteoporotic patients, we strongly recommend the treatment of vitamin D deficiency. However, the data demonstrate that such treatment does not enhance strontium ranelate absorption in patients with mild deficiency.
Association of Maternal Self-Medication and Over-the-Counter Analgesics for Children
Authors: Jensen Janne Fangel , Gottschau Mathilde , Siersma Volkert Dirk , Graungaard Anette Hauskov , Holstein Bjørn Evald , Knudsen Lisbeth Ehlert 
Published: January 2014

OBJECTIVE:
Self-medication with over-the-counter (OTC) analgesics, such as paracetamol (PCM), among children and adolescents is increasing and constitutes an important public health issue internationally. Reasons for this development are unclear; parental influence is suggested. Our objective was to examine whether self-medication with OTC analgesics among school-aged children is influenced by maternal self-reported health and medicine use, taking the child’s frequency of pain into account.

METHODS:
A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted on 131 children aged 6 to 11 years and their mothers in the framework of the Demonstration Of A Study To Coordinate And Perform Human Biomonitoring On A European Scale (DEMOCOPHES) European project. Participants were selected from 1 urban and 1 rural area of Denmark, and equally distributed in age and gender. Data were collected through structured interviews with all children and self-report questionnaires for mothers regarding health, pain, and medicine use.

RESULTS:
After adjusting for several sociodemographic and health parameters, maternal use of OTC analgesics was significantly associated with self-medication with OTC analgesics, particularly PCM, in our population of schoolchildren, even when the child’s pain was adjusted for (odds ratio 3.00, P = .008). A clear association between child pain and OTC analgesic use was not found. Additionally, maternal health (self-rated health, chronic pain, chronic disease, daily medicine intake) did not significantly influence child use of OTC analgesics.

CONCLUSIONS:
Maternal self-medication with OTC analgesics is associated with self-medication of OTC analgesics, predominantly PCM, among school-aged children, perhaps more than the child’s pain. Maternal health seems of less importance. Information to parents about pain self-management is important to promote appropriate PCM use among schoolchildren.
Sexting and Sexual Behavior in At-Risk Adolescents
Authors: Houck Christopher D. , Barker David , Rizzo Christie , Hancock Evan , Norton Alicia , Brown Larry K. 
Published: January 2014

OBJECTIVES:
This study aimed to examine the prevalence of sexting behaviors (sexually explicit messages and/or pictures) among an at-risk sample of early adolescents as well as the associations between sexting behaviors and sexual behaviors, risk-related cognitions, and emotional regulation skills. It also aimed to determine whether differences in risk were associated with text-based versus photo-based sexts.

METHODS:
Seventh-grade adolescents participating in a sexual risk prevention trial for at-risk early adolescents completed a computer-based survey at baseline regarding sexting behavior (having sent sexually explicit messages and/or pictures), sexual activities, intentions to have sex, perceived approval of sexual activity, and emotional regulation skills.

RESULTS:
Twenty-two percent of the sample reported having sexted in the past 6 months; sexual messages were endorsed by 17% (n = 71), sexual messages and photos by 5% (n = 21). Pictures were endorsed significantly more often by females (χ2[2] = 7.33, P = .03) and Latinos (χ2[2] = 7.27, P = .03). Sexting of any kind was associated with higher rates of engaging in a variety of sexual behaviors, and sending photos was associated with higher rates of sexual activity than sending text messages only. This was true for a range of behaviors from touching genitals over clothes (odds ratio [OR] = 1.98, P = .03) to oral sex (OR = 2.66, P &lt; .01) to vaginal sex (OR = 2.23, P &lt; .01).

CONCLUSIONS:
Sexting behavior (both photo and text messages) was not uncommon among middle school youth and co-occurred with sexual behavior. These data suggest that phone behaviors, even flirtatious messages, may be an indicator of risk. Clinicians, parents, and health programs should discuss sexting with early adolescents.
Preterm Infant’s Early Crying Associated With Child’s Behavioral Problems and Parents’ Stress
Authors: Korja Riikka , Huhtala Mira , Maunu Jonna , Rautava Päivi , Haataja Leena , Lapinleimu Helena , Lehtonen Liisa 
Published: January 2014

OBJECTIVE:To study how the early crying behavior of preterm infants at term, 6 weeks, and 5 months of corrected age is related to later behavioral problems at age 3 and 4 years and parenting stress at 2 and 4 years.METHODS:The study group included 202 live-born, low birth weight infants (birth weight ≤1500 g) born from January 2001 through December 2006 at the Turku University Hospital, Finland. A Baby Day Diary was used to assess the preterm infants’ crying behavior at term, 6 weeks, and 5 months of corrected age. The children’s behavior was assessed using the Child Behavior Check List at 3 and 4 years old, and parenting stress was assessed by using the Parenting Stress Index when the child was 2 and 4 years old.RESULTS:The duration and frequency of crying bouts in infancy was associated with Child Behavior Check List scores at 4 years old and to both mothers’ and fathers’ stress when the child was 2 and 4 years old.CONCLUSIONS:Early excessive crying, especially if lasting up to 5 months of corrected age, is a clinically relevant signal in preterm infants because it may reflect infants’ regulatory problems and/or parenting stress. The crying behavior of preterm infants should be systematically inquired about at well-baby clinics.
Preventing Early Infant Sleep and Crying Problems and Postnatal Depression: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Hiscock Harriet , Cook Fallon , Bayer Jordana , Le Ha ND , Mensah Fiona , Cann Warren , Symon Brian , St James-Roberts Ian 
Published: January 2014

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate a prevention program for infant sleep and cry problems and postnatal depression.METHODS:Randomized controlled trial with 781 infants born at 32 weeks or later in 42 well-child centers, Melbourne, Australia. Follow-up occurred at infant age 4 and 6 months. The intervention including supplying information about normal infant sleep and cry patterns, settling techniques, medical causes of crying and parent self-care, delivered via booklet and DVD (at infant age 4 weeks), telephone consultation (8 weeks), and parent group (13 weeks) versus well-child care. Outcomes included caregiver-reported infant night sleep problem (primary outcome), infant daytime sleep, cry and feeding problems, crying and sleep duration, caregiver depression symptoms, attendance at night wakings, and formula changes.RESULTS:Infant outcomes were similar between groups. Relative to control caregivers, intervention caregivers at 6 months were less likely to score &gt;9 on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (7.9%, vs 12.9%, adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.34 to 0.94), spend &gt;20 minutes attending infant wakings (41% vs 51%, adjusted OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.95), or change formula (13% vs 23%, P &lt; .05). Infant frequent feeders (&gt;11 feeds/24 hours) in the intervention group were less likely to have daytime sleep (OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.54) or cry problems (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.86) at 4 months.CONCLUSIONS:An education program reduces postnatal depression symptoms, as well as sleep and cry problems in infants who are frequent feeders. The program may be best targeted to frequent feeders.
Effect of Cognitive Activity Level on Duration of Post-Concussion Symptoms
Authors: Brown Naomi J. , Mannix Rebekah C. , O’Brien Michael J. , Gostine David , Collins Michael W. , Meehan William P. 
Published: January 2014

OBJECTIVE:
To determine the effect of cognitive activity level on duration of post-concussion symptoms.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective cohort study of patients who presented to a Sports Concussion Clinic within 3 weeks of injury between October 2009 and July 2011. At each visit, patients completed a scale that recorded their average level of cognitive activity since the previous visit. The product of cognitive activity level and days between visits (cognitive activity-days) was calculated and divided into quartiles. Kaplan-Meier Product Limit method was used to generate curves of symptom duration based on cognitive activity level. To adjust for other possible predictors of concussion recovery, we constructed a Cox proportional hazard model with cognitive activity-days as the main predictor.

RESULTS:
Of the 335 patients included in the study, 62% were male, 19% reported a loss of consciousness, and 37% reported experiencing amnesia at the time of injury. The mean age of participants was 15 years (range, 8–23) and the mean number of previous concussions was 0.76; 39% of athletes had sustained a previous concussion. The mean Post-Concussion Symptom Scale score at the initial visit was 30 (SD, 26). The overall mean duration of symptoms was 43 days (SD, 53). Of all variables assessed, only total symptom burden at initial visit and cognitive activity level were independently associated with duration of symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS:
Increased cognitive activity is associated with longer recovery from concussion. This study supports the use of cognitive rest and adds to the current consensus opinion.
Xylitol Syrup for the Prevention of Acute Otitis Media
Authors: Vernacchio Louis , Corwin Michael J. , Vezina Richard M. , Pelton Steven I. , Feldman Henry A. , Coyne-Beasley Tamera , Mitchell Allen A. 
Published: January 2014

BACKGROUND:
Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common childhood illness and the leading indication for antibiotic prescriptions for US children. Xylitol, a naturally occurring sugar alcohol, can reduce AOM when given 5 times per day as a gum or syrup, but a more convenient dosing regimen is needed for widespread adoption.

METHODS:
We designed a pragmatic practice-based randomized controlled trial to determine if viscous xylitol solution at a dose of 5 g 3 times per day could reduce the occurrence of clinically diagnosed AOM among otitis-prone children 6 months through 5 years of age.

RESULTS:
A total of 326 subjects were enrolled, with 160 allocated to xylitol and 166 to placebo. In the primary analysis of time to first clinically diagnosed AOM episode, the hazard ratio for xylitol versus placebo recipients was 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61 to 1.3). In secondary analyses, the incidence of AOM was 0.53 episodes per 90 days in the xylitol group versus 0.59 in the placebo group (difference 0.06; 95% CI –0.25 to 0.13); total antibiotic use was 6.8 days per 90 days in the xylitol group versus 6.4 in the placebo group (difference 0.4; 95% CI –1.8 to 2.7). The lack of effectiveness was not explained by nonadherence to treatment, as the hazard ratio for those taking nearly all assigned xylitol compared with those taking none was 0.93 (95% CI 0.56 to 1.57).

CONCLUSIONS:
Viscous xylitol solution in a dose of 5 g 3 times per day was ineffective in reducing clinically diagnosed AOM among otitis-prone children.
Surgical Treatments for Otitis Media With Effusion: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wallace Ina F. , Berkman Nancy D. , Lohr Kathleen N. , Harrison Melody F. , Kimple Adam J. , Steiner Michael J. 
Published: January 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
The near universality of otitis media with effusion (OME) in children makes a comparative review of treatment modalities important. This study's objective was to compare the effectiveness of surgical strategies currently used for managing OME.

METHODS:
We identified 3 recent systematic reviews and searched 4 major electronic databases. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, nonrandomized trials, and cohort studies that compared myringotomy, adenoidectomy, tympanostomy tubes (tubes), and watchful waiting. Using established criteria, pairs of reviewers independently selected, extracted data, rated risk of bias, and graded strength of evidence of relevant studies. We incorporated meta-analyses from the earlier reviews and synthesized additional evidence qualitatively.

RESULTS:
We identified 41 unique studies through the earlier reviews and our independent searches. In comparison with watchful waiting or myringotomy (or both), tubes decreased time with OME and improved hearing; no specific tube type was superior. Adenoidectomy alone, as an adjunct to myringotomy, or combined with tubes, reduced OME and improved hearing in comparison with either myringotomy or watchful waiting. Tubes and watchful waiting did not differ in language, cognitive, or academic outcomes. Otorrhea and tympanosclerosis were more common in ears with tubes. Adenoidectomy increased the risk of postsurgical hemorrhage.

CONCLUSIONS:
Tubes and adenoidectomy reduce time with OME and improve hearing in the short-term. Both treatments have associated harms. Large, well-controlled studies could help resolve the risk-benefit ratio by measuring acute otitis media recurrence, functional outcomes, quality of life, and long-term outcomes. Research is needed to support treatment decisions in subpopulations, particularly in patients with comorbidities.
Defect-induced resonances in photonic microdisk resonators for enhancement of nanoparticle – resonance mode interaction
Authors: Ostrowski M. , Duan X. , Yi Y. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTWe present results of theoretical and experimental studies of whispering-gallery modes in optical microdisk resonators interacting with subwavelength dielectric particles. We predict theoretically and confirm by direct observations that, contrary to the generally accepted models, both peaks of the particle-induced doublet of resonances are red shifted with respect to the position of the initial resonance.
Improved light extraction efficiency of cerium-doped biomedical imaging scintillator by monolayers of periodic arrays of polystyrene spheres
Authors: Liu B. , Duan X. , Yi Y. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTMonolayers of arrays of periodic polystyrene (PS) spheres are designed to couple onto the surface of cerium-doped lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate scintillator to improve the light extraction efficiency. The enhancement of extraction efficiency up to 38% relative to the reference case without polystyrene spheres is achieved. Combining with the simulation for the transmission as well as its dispersion relation, detailed analysis of the effect of whispering gallery modes and diffraction on the extraction mechanism are given. As a result, the optimal diameter of 414 nm is obtained based on a trade-off between the transmission loss and the diffraction enhancement.
Enabling Solar Fuels Technology With High Throughput Experimentation
Authors: Gregoire J. M. , Haber J. A. , Mitrovic S. , Xiang C. , Suram S. , Newhouse P. F. , Soedarmadji E. , Marcin M. , Kan K. , Guevarra D. , Jones R. , Becerra N. , Cornell E. W. , Jin J. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTThe High Throughput Experimentation (HTE) project of the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP, http://solarfuelshub.org/) performs accelerated discovery of new earth-abundant photoabsorbers and electrocatalysts. Through collaboration within the DOE solar fuels hub and with the broader research community, the new materials will be utilized in devices that efficiently convert solar energy, water and carbon dioxide into transportation fuels. JCAP-HTE builds high-throughput pipelines for the synthesis, screening and characterization of photoelectrochemical materials. In addition to a summary of these pipelines, we will describe several new screening instruments for high throughput (photo-)electrochemical measurements. These instruments are not only optimized for screening against solar fuels requirements, but also provide new tools for the broader combinatorial materials science community. We will also describe the high throughput discovery, follow-on verification, and device implementation of a new quaternary metal oxide catalyst. This rapid technology development from discovery to device implementation is a hallmark of the multi-faceted JCAP research effort.
Multi-Channel Radiometry in MMW Imaging Systems
Authors: Ablyazov V. S. , Abramov V. V. , Lyubchenko V. E. , Mourzabulatov K. T. , Turigin S. Yu. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTState of the art in development of millimeter wave radiometric imaging systems is analyzed and discussed. One-dimension array of 16 radiometers with mechanical scanning of the offset parabolic antenna is experimentally demonstrated that offers rms 0.03 K at time constant 1 s and instant field of view of 4×60 mrad.
Growth and Electrical Properties of ZnO Grown by Closed Space Vapor Transport on Sapphire Substrates
Authors: Mimila-Arroyo J. , Rommeluère J.F. , Barbé M. , Jomard F. , Tromson-Carli A. , Gorochov O. , Marfaing Y. , Galtier P. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe growth of ZnO films deposited by Closed Space Vapor Transport (CSVT) on sapphire substrates has been investigated. Deposition on R oriented sapphire substrates gives rise to a-(11-20) oriented ZnO films. Under optimised conditions, flat surfaces can be achieved and rocking curves with full half width below 500 arcsec are observed. The electrical properties of the films were studied. Hall measurements reveal that the measured n-carrier concentration decreases linearly upon the thickness of the sample. This is interpreted as interface conduction probably related to diffusion of aluminium from the substrate. On thinnest films, the n-carrier concentration can be dramatically decreased with thermal annealing under oxygen. Furthermore, the effect of this annealing under oxygen is found to be completely reversible after a further thermal annealing under oxygen free atmosphere.
Application of plurigaussian simulation to delineate the layout of alteration domains in Sungun copper deposit
Authors: Talebi Hassan , Asghari Omid , Emery Xavier 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
An accurate estimation of mineral grades in ore deposits with heterogeneous spatial variations requires defining geological domains that differentiate the types of mineralogy, alteration and lithology. Deterministic models define the layout of the domains based on the interpretation of the drill holes and do not take into account the uncertainty in areas with fewer data. Plurigaussian simulation (PGS) can be an alternative to generate multiple numerical models of the ore body, with the aim of assessing the uncertainty in the domain boundaries and improving the geological controls in the characterization of quantitative attributes. This study addresses the application of PGS to Sungun porphyry copper deposit (Iran), in order to simulate the layout of four hypogene alteration zones: potassic, phyllic, propylitic and argillic. The aim of this study is to construct numerical models in which the alteration structures reflect the evolution observed in the geology.