bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interpersonal problems across anxiety, depression, and eating disorders: A transdiagnostic examination
Authors: McEvoy Peter M. , Burgess Melissa M. , Page Andrew C. , Nathan Paula , Fursland Anthea 
Published: October 2012

ObjectivesIntegrative models of psychopathology suggest that quality of interpersonal relationships is a key determinant of psychological well‐being. However, there is a relative paucity of research evaluating the association between interpersonal problems and psychopathology within cognitive behavioural therapy. Partly, this may be due to lack of brief, well‐validated, and easily interpretable measures of interpersonal problems that can be used within clinical settings. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties, factor invariance, and external validity of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems 32 (IIP‐32) across anxiety, depression, and eating disorders.MethodsTwo treatment‐seeking samples with principal anxiety and depressive disorders (AD sample, n = 504) and eating disorders (ED sample, n = 339) completed the IIP‐32 along with measures of anxiety, depression, and eating disorder symptoms, as well as quality of life (QoL).ResultsThe previously established eight‐factor structure of the IIP‐32 provided the best fit for both the AD and ED groups, and was robustly invariant across the two samples. The IIP‐32 also demonstrated excellent external validity against well‐validated measures of anxiety, depression, and eating disorder symptoms, as well as QoL.ConclusionThe IIP‐32 provides a clinically useful measure of interpersonal problems across emotional and ED.Practitioner Points

The IIP‐32 is a brief, valid, internally reliable, and clinically useful measure of interpersonal problems for clients with anxiety, depression, and eating disorders.

Difficulty being sociable and a tendency to subjugate oneself by prioritizing others’ needs were consistently associated with more severe anxiety, depression, and eating disorders symptoms, as well as poorer quality of life.

The IIP‐32 may be a useful measure of interpersonal problems to guide individualized case formulations.

Cautions/Limitations

A cross‐sectional and correlational design precluded causal conclusions.

Numerous versions of the IIP have been developed. Our findings with the IIP‐32 require replication.

Some anxiety and depression diagnoses were underrepresented, and the eating disorders sample was predominantly comprised of women.
Activation and desensitization of TRPV1 channels in sensory neurons by the PPARα agonist palmitoylethanolamide
Authors: Ambrosino Paolo , Soldovieri Maria Virginia , Russo Claudio , Taglialatela Maurizio 
Published: October 2012

Background and PurposePalmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous fatty acid amide displaying anti‐inflammatory and analgesic actions. To investigate the molecular mechanism responsible for these effects, the ability of PEA and of pain‐inducing stimuli such as capsaicin (CAP) or bradykinin (BK) to influence intracellular calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]i) in peripheral sensory neurons, has been assessed in the present study. The potential involvement of the transcription factor PPARα and of TRPV1 channels in PEA‐induced effects was also studied.Experimental Approach[Ca2+]i was evaluated by single‐cell microfluorimetry in differentiated F11 cells. Activation of TRPV1 channels was assessed by imaging and patch‐clamp techniques in CHO cells transiently‐transfected with rat TRPV1 cDNA.Key ResultsIn F11 cells, PEA (1–30 μM) dose‐dependently increased [Ca2+]i. The TRPV1 antagonists capsazepine (1 μM) and SB‐366791 (1 μM), as well as the PPARα antagonist GW‐6471 (10 μM), inhibited PEA‐induced [Ca2+]i increase; blockers of cannabinoid receptors were ineffective. PEA activated TRPV1 channels heterologously expressed in CHO cells; this effect appeared to be mediated at least in part by PPARα. When compared with CAP, PEA showed similar potency and lower efficacy, and caused stronger TRPV1 currents desensitization. Sub‐effective PEA concentrations, closer to those found in vivo, counteracted CAP‐ and BK‐induced [Ca2+]i transients, as well as CAP‐induced TRPV1 activation.Conclusions and ImplicationsActivation of PPARα and TRPV1 channels, rather than of cannabinoid receptors, largely mediate PEA‐induced [Ca2+]i transients in sensory neurons. Differential TRPV1 activation and desensitization by CAP and PEA might contribute to their distinct pharmacological profile, possibly translating into potentially relevant clinical differences.
Immunotherapeutic benefit of α‐interferon (IFNα) in survivin2B‐derived peptide vaccination for advanced pancreatic cancer patients
Authors: Kameshima Hidekazu , Tsuruma Tetsuhiro , Kutomi Goro , Shima Hiroaki , Iwayama Yuji , Kimura Yasutoshi , Imamura Masahumi , Torigoe Toshihiko , Takahashi Akari , Hirohashi Yoshihiko , Tamura Yasuaki , Tsukahara Tomohide , Kanaseki Takayuki , Sato Noriyuki , Hirata Koichi 
Published: October 2012

Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family containing a single baculovirus IAP repeat domain, is highly expressed in cancerous tissues but not in normal counterparts. Our group identified an HLA‐A24‐restricted antigenic peptide, survivin‐2B80–88 (AYACNTSTL), that is recognized by CD8 + CTLs and functions as an immunogenic molecule in patients with cancers of various histological origins such as colon, breast, lung, oral, and urogenital malignancies. Subsequent clinical trials with this epitope peptide alone resulted in clinical and immunological responses. However, these were not strong enough for routine clinical use as a therapeutic cancer vaccine, and our previous study of colon cancer patients indicated that treatment with a vaccination protocol of survivin‐2B80–88 plus incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) and α‐interferon (IFNα) conferred overt clinical improvement and enhanced the immunological responses of patients. In the current study, we further investigated whether this vaccination protocol could efficiently provide not only improved immune responses but also better clinical outcomes for advanced pancreatic cancers. Tetramer and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent spot analysis data indicated that more than 50% of the patients had positive clinical and immunological responses. In contrast, assessment of treatment with IFNα only to another group of cancer patients resulted in no obvious increase in the frequency of survivin‐2B80‐88 peptide‐specific CTLs. Taken together, our data clearly indicate that a vaccination protocol of survivin‐2B80‐88 plus IFA and IFNα is very effective and useful in immunotherapy for this type of poor‐prognosis neoplasm. This trial was registered with the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, no. UMIN000000905. (Cancer Sci 2013; 104: 124–129)
Establishment and evolution of the Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Register and DNA Bank
Authors: De Roach John N , McLaren Terri L , Paterson Rachel L , O'Brien Emily C , Hoffmann Ling , Mackey David A , Hewitt Alex W , Lamey Tina M 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundInherited retinal disease represents a significant cause of blindness and visual morbidity worldwide. With the development of emerging molecular technologies, accessible and well‐governed repositories of data characterising inherited retinal disease patients is becoming increasingly important. This manuscript introduces such a repository.DesignParticipants were recruited from the Retina Australia membership, through the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists, and by recruitment of suitable patients attending the Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital visual electrophysiology clinic.ParticipantsFour thousand one hundred ninety‐three participants were recruited. All participants were members of families in which the proband was diagnosed with an inherited retinal disease (excluding age‐related macular degeneration).MethodsClinical and family information was collected by interview with the participant and by examination of medical records. In 2001, we began collecting DNA from Western Australian participants. In 2009 this activity was extended Australia‐wide. Genetic analysis results were stored in the register as they were obtained.Main Outcome MeasuresThe main outcome measurement was the number of DNA samples (with associated phenotypic information) collected from Australian inherited retinal disease‐affected families.ResultsDNA was obtained from 2873 participants. Retinitis pigmentosa, Stargardt disease and Usher syndrome participants comprised 61.0%, 9.9% and 6.4% of the register, respectively.ConclusionsThis resource is a valuable tool for investigating the aetiology of inherited retinal diseases. As new molecular technologies are translated into clinical applications, this well‐governed repository of clinical and genetic information will become increasingly relevant for tasks such as identifying candidates for gene‐specific clinical trials.
Acute transient corneal endothelial changes following selective laser trabeculoplasty
Authors: White Andrew JR , Mukherjee Achyut , Hanspal Inderraj , Sarkies Nicholas J , Martin Keith R , Shah Peter 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundTo report for the first time acute transient corneal endothelial changes following selective laser trabeculoplasty.DesignObservational case series at a tertiary referral ophthalmological centre in the United Kingdom (Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge)ParticipantsTen consecutive routinely treated patients.MethodsBaseline measurements of corneal specular microscopy, endothelial cell counts and in vivo confocal microscopy were performed prior to routine selective laser trabeculoplasty treatment. Repeat measurements were made approximately 1 h later and at a 6‐week follow up.Main Outcome MeasuresEndothelial in vitro laser confocal microscopy, specular microscopic endothelial cell count, endothelial morphology, visual acuity and intraocular pressure.ResultsAll patients had normal corneal endothelia prior to routine selective laser trabeculoplasty treatment, where 180 degrees of angle was treated. Approximately an hour afterwards, nearly all patients still had normal specular microscopy and cell counts (2237 ± 211 cells/mm2) but had subtle endothelial changes on slit‐lamp examination. These changes were found diffusely across the cornea. The changes were not present at the 6‐week follow up and cell counts remained unchanged (2278 ± 242 cells/mm2). Acuity remained unchanged throughout and the patients were not aware of these changes subjectively.ConclusionsSelective laser trabeculoplasty appears to cause transient corneal endothelial changes in most patients that have no impact on cell count or visual acuity. Further work is required to elucidate the mechanism of this phenomenon and any long‐term impact.
The relationship between reactance and engagement in a child welfare sample
Authors: Mirick Rebecca G. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractParents frequently do not engage in child welfare services. A lack of engagement can lead to significant negative consequences for families. A relationship between psychological reactance and engagement in the context of child welfare work has been theorized but not examined empirically. This paper presents the results of a preliminary descriptive study (N = 43) which found a significant negative relationship (r = −0.277, P < 0.05) between individual reactance levels and levels of engagement in child welfare services. A four‐dimension measure of engagement was used. Significant relationships were found between reactance and the dimensions of working relationship (r = −0.260, P < −0.05) and mistrust (r = 0.340, P < 0.05) and a similar trend was seen with a third dimension, receptivity (r = −0.245, P = 0.056). There was no significant relationship between reactance and the fourth dimension, buy‐in. The implications of these findings for child welfare work are explored.
A comparative study of colorectal surgical outcome in a national audit separated by 15 years
Authors: Evans M. D. , Thomas R. , Williams G. L. , Beynon J. , Smith J. J. , Stamatakis J. D. , Stephenson B. M. ,   the Welsh Bowel Cancer Audit
Published: October 2012

AbstractAimThe Wales‐Trent Bowel Cancer Audit (WTBA) was carried out in 1993, and since 2001 Welsh Bowel Cancer Audits (WBCA) have taken place annually. Screening for bowel cancer in Wales was introduced in 2008. This study compared patient variables, the role of surgery and operative mortality rates over the 15‐year interval between the WTBA and the last WBCA before the introduction of population screening.MethodData from the WTBA in 1993 were compared with those of the WBCA including patients diagnosed between April 2007 and March 2008.ResultsIn 1993, 1536 patients were diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) compared with 1793 in 2007–2008. Patient demographics and American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score did not change during these periods. Surgical treatment for CRC decreased (93% in 1993 vs 80% in 2007–2008; P < 0.001) particularly in the use of resectional surgery (84% in 1993 vs 71% in 2007–2008; P < 0.001). The 30‐day postoperative mortality rate fell from 7.4% in 1993 to 5.9% in 2007–2008 (P = 0.097). Advanced disease at operation was more prevalent in the WTBA (25% of all operated patients were Stage IV in 1993 vs 13% in 2007–2008; P < 0.001). The use of surgery in patients with metastatic disease also declined over this period.ConclusionSurgery is used less frequently in the management of CRC compared with 15 years previously, and is a factor in the reduction of the interpreted 30‐day operative mortality.
Hessian fly Avirulence gene loss‐of‐function defeats plant resistance without compromising the larva's ability to induce a gall tissue
Authors: Harris M.O. , Freeman T.P. , Anderson K.M. , Harmon J.P. , Moore J.A. , Payne S.A. , Rohfritsch O. , Stuart J.J. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPlant pathogen effectors encoded by Avirulence (Avr) genes benefit the pathogen by promoting colonization and benefit plants that have a matching resistance (R) gene by constituting a signal that triggers resistance. The Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), resembles a plant pathogen in showing R/Avr interactions. Because of these interactions, a wheat plant with the H13 resistance gene can be resistant or susceptible depending on the genotype of the larva that attacks the plant, being resistant if attack comes from a larva with a functional vH13 gene, but susceptible if attack comes from a larva with a non‐functional vH13 gene. In this study we asked: does this susceptible interaction involving plants with H13 look like susceptible interactions with plants lacking H13? Possibly, the H13 plant attacked by a larva with a non‐functional vH13 is induced to partial rather than complete resistance. Or the larva, lacking its vH13‐encoded effector, is compromised in its ability to induce susceptibility, which includes forcing the plant to create a gall nutritive tissue. Responses of epidermal cells to larval attack were explored using imaging techniques (light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy). Whole‐organism responses were investigated by measuring the growth of plants and larvae. No evidence was found for partial resistance responses by H13 plants or for a compromise in the ability of vH13 loss‐of‐function larvae to induce susceptibility. It appears that disrupting vH13 function is sufficient for overcoming the induced resistance mediated by the H13 gene.
Responses of Tribolium castaneum to olfactory cues from cotton seeds, the fungi associated with cotton seeds, and cereals
Authors: Ahmad Faheem , Daglish Gregory J. , Ridley Andrew W. , Walter Gimme H. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe tested, in an olfactometer, whether or not Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) responds preferentially to the volatiles that emanate from the fungi associated with cotton [Gossypium hirsutum L. (Malvaceae)] seed over those that emanate from cereals, because cereals are usually portrayed as the primary resources of these beetles. Pairwise comparisons were conducted between cotton seed, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] (both Poaceae); volatiles were tested from intact seeds and from both water and ethanol extracts. The results demonstrate that T. castaneum is attracted more strongly to cotton seeds with its lint contaminated with fungi, than to the conventional resources of this species (i.e., wheat and sorghum). Further tests prove that it is the fungus on the lint that produces the active volatiles, because the beetles did not respond to sterilized cotton lint (i.e., without the fungi typically associated with it when cotton seed is stored). Tests with five fungal cultures (each representing an unidentified species that was isolated from the field‐collected cotton lint) were variable across the cultures, with only one of them being significantly attractive to the beetles. The others were not attractive and one may even have repulsed the beetles. The results are consistent with the beetles having a strong ecological association with fungi and suggest it would be worth investigating the ecology of T. castaneum from this perspective.
Immunisation of mares with binding domains of toxinsAandBofClostridium difficileelicits serum and colostral antibodies that block toxin binding
Authors: Artiushin S. , Timoney J. F. , Fettinger M. , Fallon L. , Rathgeber R. 
Published: October 2012

SummaryReasons for performing studyEnterocolitis caused byClostridium difficile(C. difficile) is a serious, sometimes fatal, disease of neonatal foals and older horses.ToxinsAandB(TcdAandB) produced byC. difficileare important virulence factors. Immunisation of mares with receptor binding domains of toxins may prevent or reduce the severity ofC. difficilecolitis in foals.ObjectivesTo determine whether antibodies generated in the pregnant mare to the binding regions ofTcdAandBwill neutraliseTcdAandBtoxicity.MethodsSequences encoding the binding domains of each toxin were isolated byPCRamplification fromC. difficile JF09, a foal isolate, and cloned and expressed intopET15b. Thirteen mares were immunised twice 2 weeks apart with 200 μg of each recombinant protein withQuilA2 months prior to foaling. Antibodies were assayed in the sera and colostrum byELISAand for ability to block the cytopathic activity of each of toxin for equine endothelial cells.ResultsAll mares produced strong serum antibody responses to the binding domain of each toxin. A high level of toxin‐specific antibodies was also detected in colostrum and in most foal sera 2 days after suckling. Diluted sera and colostrum premixed with eitherTcdAorBhad no effect on the morphology of equine endothelial cells. Application of the same concentration of toxins alone or premixed with nonimmune mare/foal serum or colostrum led to an unambiguous cytopathic effect that ranged from complete degradation to varying degrees of cell rounding.ConclusionsImmunisation of pregnant mares with recombinant binding domains ofTcdAandBofC. difficileresulted in the production of specific antibodies in serum and colostrum that blocked the cytopathic activity of toxins.Potential relevanceResults of studies support the feasibility of a prepartum vaccine againstC. difficileenterocolitis in foals.
Utilisation of search filters in systematic reviews of prognosis questions
Authors: Chatterley Trish , Dennett Liz 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundSearch filters are designed to increase efficiency of information retrieval and can be particularly useful in limiting the large numbers of articles retrieved for systematic reviews (SRs). Existing published prognosis search filters (or hedges) have lower sensitivity and precision values than their therapy counterparts.ObjectivesTaking into account the relatively poor performance of prognosis filters, this study seeks to identify which methods of limiting search results to prognostic studies are most often used by SR teams.MethodsOne hundred and three SRs of prognostic studies published in 2009 and indexed in MEDLINE were retrieved. Each review's search strategy was reviewed and prognosis‐related search terms were extracted.ResultsForty‐seven of 103 studies used prognosis‐related terms to limit the search. Six SRs of 103 did not specify their search terms, and the remaining 50 SRs used content terms only (no terms related to methodology or prognosis). Of the 47 strategies using prognosis‐related terms, only six used a published filter. Many SRs used few or poorly selected prognosis‐related search terms which are unlikely to provide the sensitivity generally sought for SRs.ConclusionsPublished prognosis search filters are used in only a small minority of prognosis SRs.
The choice of adjuvant determines the cytokine profile of T cells in proteoglycan‐induced arthritis but does not influence disease severity
Authors: Stoop Jeroen N. , Tibbitt Christopher A. , van Eden Willem , Robinson John H. , Hilkens Catharien M. U. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovial joints. Collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) and proteoglycan‐induced arthritis (PGIA) are mouse models of inflammatory arthritis; CIA is a T helper type 17 (Th17) ‐dependent disease that is induced with antigen in complete Freund's adjuvant, whereas PGIA is Th1‐mediated and is induced using antigen in dimethyldioctadecyl‐ammonium bromide (DDA) as an adjuvant. To investigate whether the type of adjuvant determines the cytokine profile of the pathogenic T cells, we have compared the effect of CFA and DDA on T‐cell responses in a single arthritis model. No differences in incidence or disease severity between aggrecan‐T‐cell receptor transgenic mice immunized with aggrecan in either CFA or DDA were observed. Immunization with CFA resulted in a higher proportion of Th17 cells, whereas DDA induced more Th1 cells. However, the levels of interleukin‐17 (IL‐17) produced by T cells isolated from CFA‐immunized mice after antigen‐specific stimulation were not significantly different from those found in DDA‐immunized mice, indicating that the increased proportion of Th17 cells did not result in significantly higher ex vivo IL‐17 levels. Hence, the choice of adjuvant can affect the overall proportions of Th1 and Th17 cells, without necessarily affecting the level of cytokine production or disease incidence and severity.