bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Is Being Promoted? Hospital Nurse Knowledge of Health in Jordan
Authors: Shoqirat Noordeen 
Published: December 2013

PurposeThe study examined the level of knowledge of health among hospital nurses in Jordan. Four focus group discussions were carried out with hospital nurses. The findings identified three themes: health as the freedom from illness, health as good social and psychological well‐being, and health as a good environment to live in. The nurses in this study had no knowledge of spiritual and socioeconomic aspects of health. Our study shows that nurses' knowledge of health is often triggered by casework as opposed to a general learning of health‐related issues.Implications for Nursing Practice Hospital nurses in health promotion are unlikely to be very knowledgeable until they fully have a coherent understanding of sociocultural and environmental determinants of health.
Hospital Discharge: Results From an Italian Multicenter Prospective Study Using Blaylock Risk Assessment Screening Score
Authors: Dal Molin Alberto , Gatta Claudia , Derossi Valentina , Guazzini Andrea , Cocchieri Antonello , Vellone Ercole , Alvaro Rosaria , Rasero Laura 
Published: December 2013

PurposeTo analyze the predictive validity and reliability of the Blaylock Risk Assessment Screening Score (BRASS) Index in a large group of patients.MethodsProspective multicenter observational study was conducted in six Italian hospitals. Data were collected in three phases.FindingsSeven hundred eleven patients were recruited. The mean length of hospitalization for low‐risk patients was significantly shorter than those in the medium and high‐risk groups. Patients with a BRASS Index lower than 10, unlike those with a higher BRASS Index, were mainly discharged home.ConclusionsOur results indicate that the BRASS Index is useful to identify patients at risk for prolonged hospitalization.Clinical RelevanceThe use of a validated BRASS instrument can be useful to screen the patients, improving individual discharge planning.
Construction and Validation of an Instrument for Assessment of the Nursing Diagnosis, Risk for Infection, in Patients Following Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Schulz Carla Ethel Filippi , Lopes Camila Takáo , Herdman T. Heather , Lopes Juliana de Lima , de Barros Alba Lucia Bottura Leite 
Published: December 2013

PurposeTo construct and validate a data collection instrument (DCI), and a corresponding instructional guide, for assessment of the nursing diagnosis, risk for infection, in patients following cardiac surgery.MethodsConstruction of conceptual and operational definitions for risk factors based on literature, content validation by experts, and clinical validation by clinical nurses.FindingsThere were significant internal consistency and reproducibility in the content validation. In the clinical validation, agreement among nurses was higher than 70% for all risk factors.ConclusionsThe DCI was constructed and validated.Implications for Nursing PracticeThis DCI could be used for assessment of adult patients after cardiac surgeries worldwide because of its detailed cues for risk factors, which facilitate clinical reasoning and diagnostic judgment.ObjetivoConstruir e validar um instrumento de coleta de dados (ICD) e seu roteiro instrucional (RI) para avaliação do diagnóstico de enfermagem Risco de infecção em pacientes pós‐cirurgia cardíaca.MétodosConstrução de definições conceituais e operacionais dos fatores de risco baseada na literatura, validação de conteúdo por experts e validação clínica por enfermeiras assistenciais.ResultadosConsistência interna e reprodutibilidade significativas na validação de conteúdo. Na validação clínica, a concordância foi maior que 70% para todos os fatores de risco.ConclusõesO ICD foi construído e validado.Implicações Para Prática De EnfermagemO ICD poderia ser utilizado para avaliação de adultos pós‐cirurgia cardíaca internacionalmente devido às suas pistas detalhadas sobre os fatores de risco, que facilitam o raciocínio clínico julgamento diagnóstico.
Addressing chronic kidney disease in Far North Queensland: gains and opportunities
Authors: Vos Luke , Baer Richard , McDonald Malcolm 
Published: December 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether people seen by the Far North Queensland Specialist Medical Outreach Service (SMOS) with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and proteinuria were treated according to established guidelines.DesignAudit of SMOS clinical reports from 18th May to 27th July 2012. Clinical markers were compared with the Caring for Australians with Renal Impairment and National Heart Foundation management guidelines.SettingReports covering primary health care centres located in remote communities of Cape York Peninsula and Torres Strait, Far North Queensland.Main outcome measure(s)The proportion of people with CKD and proteinuria on appropriate renoprotective treatment with an angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE‐inhibitor) or angiotensin‐2 receptor blocker (ARB). The proportion of people with CKD and proteinuria reaching blood pressure targets as per National Heart Foundation guidelines. The proportion of people with stage 4 CKD appropriately referred to a specialist renal service.ResultsOne hundred and eighty‐six clinical reports were reviewed; 48 people had markers of CKD. Forty‐five of the 48 (94%) had been prescribed an ACE‐inhibitor or ARB according to management guidelines. Nineteen of the 48 (40%) had blood pressures within the target range. Four of six people with late‐stage CKD (stage 4 or 5) had been referred to a specialist renal service.ConclusionsThis audit confirms the high rate of CKD in the people of Far North Queensland, although this is a highly selected sample. It shows appropriate prescribing of renoprotective treatment in most cases. However, it also highlights the need for a more vigorous approach to blood pressure control.
Cost of close the gap for vision of Indigenous Australians: On estimating the extra resources required
Authors: Hsueh Ya‐seng (Arthur) , Brando Alex , Dunt David , Anjou Mitchell D. , Boudville Andrea , Taylor Hugh 
Published: December 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the costs of the extra resources required to close the gap of vision between Indigenous and non‐Indigenous Australians.DesignConstructing comprehensive eye care pathways for Indigenous Australians with their related probabilities, to capture full eye care usage compared with current usage rate for cataract surgery, refractive error and diabetic retinopathy using the best available data.SettingUrban and remote regions of Australia.InterventionsThe provision of eye care for cataract surgery, refractive error and diabetic retinopathy.Main outcome measuresEstimated cost needed for full access, estimated current spending and estimated extra cost required to close the gaps of cataract surgery, refractive error and diabetic retinopathy for Indigenous Australians.ResultsTotal cost needed for full coverage of all three major eye conditions is $45.5 million per year in 2011 Australian dollars. Current annual spending is $17.4 million. Additional yearly cost required to close the gap of vision is $28 million. This includes extra‐capped funds of $3 million from the Commonwealth Government and $2 million from the State and Territory Governments. Additional coordination costs per year are $13.3 million.ConclusionsAlthough available data are limited, this study has produced the first estimates that are indicative of the need for planning and provide equity in eye care.
Multidisciplinary team simulation for the operating theatre: a review of the literature
Authors: Tan Shaw Boon , Pena Guilherme , Altree Meryl , Maddern Guy J. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIntroductionAnalyses of adverse events inside the operating theatre has demonstrated that many errors are caused by failure in non‐technical skills and teamwork. While simulation has been used successfully for teaching and improving technical skills, more recently, multidisciplinary simulation has been used for training team skills. We hypothesized that this type of training is feasible and improves team skills in the operating theatre.MethodsA systematic search of the literature for studies describing true multidisciplinary operating theatre team simulation was conducted in November and December 2012. We looked at the characteristics and outcomes of the team simulation programmes.Results1636 articles were initially retrieved. Utilizing a stepwise evaluation process, 26 articles were included in the review. The studies reveal that multidisciplinary operating theatre simulation has been used to provide training in technical and non‐technical skills, to help implement new techniques and technologies, and to identify latent weaknesses within a health system. Most of the studies included are descriptions of training programmes with a low level of evidence. No randomized control trial was identified. Participants’ reactions to the training programme were positive in all studies; however, none of them could objectively demonstrate that skills acquired from simulation are transferred to the operating theatre or show a demonstrable benefit in patient outcomes.ConclusionMultidisciplinary operating room team simulation is feasible and widely accepted by participants. More studies are required to assess the impact of this type of training on operative performance and patient safety.
Preparedness of paediatric international travellers departing from Athens, Greece: an 18‐month airport‐based survey
Authors: Maltezou Helena C , Pavli Androula , Spilioti Athina , Patrinos Stavros , Lymperi Ioanna , Theodoridou Maria 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAimThe number of children who travel to tropical and subtropical areas has increased. This study aimed to assess the preparedness of children departing from Greece to Africa and Asia, in terms of vaccination and malaria chemoprophylaxis.MethodsAn 18‐month airport‐based study was conducted in Athens between November 2011 and April 2013.ResultsOf the 183 children studied, 122 (66.7%) had a foreign nationality. Their main destinations were the Indian subcontinent (43.2%), South‐East Asia (30.6%) and sub‐Saharan Africa (14.2%). Just under three‐quarters (73.2%) of the children were travelling to visit friends and relatives. Forty (21.9%) children had received pretravel services. Children visiting friends and relatives sought pretravel services less frequently than those who were not (17.9% versus 32.7%; p = 0.033). Female children and Greek nationals were significantly more likely to seeking pretravel services than males and foreign nationals (p = 0.007 and <0.001, respectively). The rabies and the typhoid fever vaccines were administered inadequately to children travelling to endemic areas, but malaria chemoprophylaxis was generally justified.ConclusionTravel medicine services for children in Greece should be improved. There is a particular need to communicate with the parents of children visiting friends and relatives.
Laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer: Current status and future perspective
Authors: Toda Shigeo , Kuroyanagi Hiroya 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAlthough laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer is accepted in the treatment guidelines, the laparoscopic approach for rectal cancer is recommended only in clinical trials. Thus far, several trials have shown favorable short‐term results such as early recovery and short hospital stay, but long‐term results remain a critical concern for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery. To date, no randomized control trials have shown an increased local recurrence after laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer. Additionally, according to previous studies, open conversion, which is more frequent in laparoscopic rectal surgery than in laparoscopic colon surgery, may affect short‐term and long‐term survival. The evidence on male sexual function has been contradictory. Long‐term results from ongoing multicenter trials will be available within several years. Based on accumulated evidence from well‐organized clinical trials, laparoscopic surgery will likely be accepted as a treatment choice for rectal cancer. In the future, extended laparoscopic rectal surgery might be feasible for additional procedures such as laparoscopic lateral pelvic lymph node dissection and laparoscopic total pelvic exenteration for rectal cancer invading the adjacent pelvic organ.
A hybrid method to estimate the minimum effective dose for monotone and non‐monotone dose–response relationships
Authors: Wolfsegger Martin J. , Gutjahr Georg , Engl Werner , Jaki Thomas 
Published: December 2013

SummaryThis article proposes a new multiple‐testing approach for estimation of the minimum effective dose allowing for non‐monotonous dose–response shapes. The presented approach combines the advantages of two commonly used methods. It is shown that the new approach controls the error rate of underestimating the true minimum effective dose. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the proposed method outperforms alternative methods in many cases and is only marginally worse in the remaining situations.
Visceral fat accumulation is associated with different pathological subtypes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC): a multicentre study in China
Authors: Wang Hong‐Kai , Song Xi‐Shuang , Cheng Yue , Qu Yuan‐Yuan , Zhang Shi‐Lin , Dai Bo , Zhang Hai‐Liang , Shen Yi‐Jun , Zhu Yi‐Ping , Shi Guo‐Hai , Qin Xiao‐Jian , Ma Chun‐Guang , Lin Guo‐Wen , Xiao Wen‐Jun , Zhu Yao , Ye Ding‐Wei 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveTo investigate whether visceral obesity is associated with certain histological subtypes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in a multicentre Chinese cohort.Patients and MethodsA kidney tumour database was created using three tertiary centres in China; 487 patients were enrolled presenting with localised RCC and complete computer tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) information. A single‐slice CT image was used to measure the area of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues in each patient. Statistical methods were used to analyse clear‐cell RCC (ccRCC) and non‐clear‐cell RCC (non‐ccRCC) as they relate to visceral fat area (VFA) and other risk factors, such as age, gender, tumour size, diabetes, hypertension, total fat area (TFA) and body mass index (BMI).ResultsIn all, 418 patients had a ccRCC subtype and 69 had a non‐ccRCC subtype. For all the patients with RCC, the mean VFA was 102 cm2, while mean BMI was 24 kg/m2. The mean VFA was greater in ccRCC than non‐ccRCC patients by 25 cm2. There were significant differences in the mean VFA and TFA between patients with ccRCC and those with non‐ccRCC. Multivariate analysis showed that the presence of VFA was more important than the effects of BMI and Type 2 diabetes on pathology prediction. In patients with a normal BMI, those with a higher quartile of VFA were more likely to develop ccRCC than those with a low VFA.ConclusionsIncreased visceral fat was found to be associated with ccRCC and the significance of VFA outweighed the effects of BMI and Type 2 diabetes for the prediction of RCC pathology in multivariate analyses. As a result, VFA could constitute a primary explanation for the link between obesity and ccRCC.
From frog integument to human skin: dermatological perspectives from frog skin biology
Authors: Haslam Iain S. , Roubos Eric W. , Mangoni Maria Luisa , Yoshizato Katsutoshi , Vaudry Hubert , Kloepper Jennifer E. , Pattwell David M. , Maderson Paul F. A. , Paus Ralf 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTFor over a century, frogs have been studied across various scientific fields, including physiology, embryology, neuroscience, (neuro)endocrinology, ecology, genetics, behavioural science, evolution, drug development, and conservation biology. In some cases, frog skin has proven very successful as a research model, for example aiding in the study of ion transport through tight epithelia, where it has served as a model for the vertebrate distal renal tubule and mammalian epithelia. However, it has rarely been considered in comparative studies involving human skin. Yet, despite certain notable adaptations that have enabled frogs to survive in both aquatic and terrestrial environments, frog skin has many features in common with human skin. Here we present a comprehensive overview of frog (and toad) skin ontogeny, anatomy, cytology, neuroendocrinology and immunology, with special attention to its unique adaptations as well as to its similarities with the mammalian integument, including human skin. We hope to provide a valuable reference point and a source of inspiration for both amphibian investigators and mammalian researchers studying the structural and functional properties of the largest organ of the vertebrate body.
Cone beam computed tomography evaluation of regenerated buccal bone 5 years after simultaneous implant placement and guided bone regeneration procedures – a randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Jung Ronald E. , Benic Goran I. , Scherrer Daniela , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this controlled clinical study was to compare a polyethylene glycol membrane (PEG) used for bone regeneration of peri‐implant defects to a collagen membrane with respect to implant survival rate, dimensions of buccal peri‐implant bone and mucosa.Materials and methodsThirty‐seven patients who received single tooth implants with simultaneous guided bone regeneration (GBR) in the posterior maxilla or mandible were enrolled in the study. Intra‐operative heights of bone defects were assessed prior to bone augmentation. The defects were augmented with xenogenic bone mineral and randomly covered either with a porcine collagen membrane (control) or with a PEG membrane (test). Five years after implant placement, clinical evaluation and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were performed. Remaining height of bone defect, horizontal bone thickness, level of mucosal margin, and mucosal thickness were assessed in CBCT images. The difference of height of bone defect at implant placement and at 5‐year follow‐up was calculated. The differences between the two groups were analyzed using two‐sided t‐test and Mann–Whitney U‐test.ResultsAfter 5 years, 32 patients could be included and exhibited an implant survival rate of 100% for both groups. The buccal vertical bone gain between implant placement and 5‐year follow‐up amounted at 4.3 ± 1.5 (SD) mm and 4.8 ± 2.6 (SD) mm for the control and the test group, respectively (P = 0.493). Neither the bone height nor the thickness reached statistical significant differences between the two groups. The distance between mucosal margin and implant shoulder resulted in 0.8 ± 0.7 (SD) mm in the control and 0.5 ± 0.8 (SD) mm in the test group (P = 0.198). The mucosal thickness reached 1.4 ± 0.5 (SD) mm in the control and 1.3 ± 0.3 (SD) mm in the test group (P = 0.715). There were no significant correlations between height of bone defect at baseline and at follow‐up examination and between different 5‐year parameters.ConclusionA polyethylene glycol membrane used for bone regeneration of peri‐implant defects performed as successfully as a collagen membrane with respect to implant survival rate and dimensions of the buccal peri‐implant bone and mucosa after 5 years.
Comparative analysis of dental implant treatment outcomes following mandibular reconstruction with double‐barrel fibula bone grafting or vertical distraction osteogenesis fibula: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Feng , Huang Wei , Zhang Chenping , Sun Jian , Kaigler Darnell , Wu Yiqun 
Published: December 2013

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was twofold: (i) to compare vertical bone height (VBH) after tumor resection through grafting with either a double‐barrel fibula (DBF) technique or vertical distraction osteogenesis of the fibula (VDOF); (ii) to compare the performance of loaded dental implants following either DBF or VDOF with special focus on implant survival, implant success, and bone resorption.Materials and methodsThis retrospective clinical study involved 19 patients who underwent implant placement following DBF (group A, n = 9) or VDOF (group B, n = 10) for mandibular reconstruction from March 2006 to May 2008. Clinical and radiographic assessments, including VBH, modified Plaque Index (mPI), modified Sulcus Bleeding Index (mSBI), and marginal bone level (MBL), were taken for both groups after delivery of the final prostheses and annually thereafter.ResultsNine patients underwent DBF with 24 implants placed and 10 patients underwent VDOF with 27 implants placed for mandibular reconstruction after tumor resection. Overall, all DBF and VDOF procedures were successful for group A and group B. VBH for group A and group B were 20 and 17 mm. There was no statistically significant difference of mSBI scores between group A and group B in the 3‐year follow‐up (P = 0.40). In four cases with eight implants of group A and two cases with three implants of group B, granulomatous soft tissue grew. There was no statistically significant differences of MBL between group A and group B in the 3‐year follow‐up (p = 0.736). The cumulative survival and success rates of implants for group A were 100% and 87.5%, and for group B were 100% and 85.2% in 3‐year follow‐up, respectively.ConclusionsOn the basis of the study of 19 patients who received a total of 51 implants, reconstruction of the mandible with DBF flap or VDOF flap, combined with dental implant therapy, was considered a predictable option. Compared with implants placed in VDOF bone, implants placed in DBF bone had a relative higher incidence of associated gingival inflammation. The DBF bone seems more resistant to peri‐implant resorption processes than VDOF bone during functional loading.
The early diastolic myocardial velocity: a marker of increased risk in patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Johnson Jonas , Manouras Aristomenis , Bergholm Fredrik , Brodin Lars Åke , Agewall Stefan , Henareh Loghman 
Published: December 2013

AbstractObjectiveTissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is a promising echocardiographic modality allowing quantification of myocardial performance. However, the prognostic potential ofTDIin patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is not yet investigated. We sought to explore the ability ofTDIin identifying patients at risk for new cardiovascular events afterAMI.MethodsOne hundred and nineteen patients withAMIwere recruited prospectively (mean age 61 years; range 32–81 years of age). Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) were excluded. Echocardiography was performed 3–12 months afterAMI. Two‐dimensional (2‐D) andTDIvariables were recorded. The patients were followed during a mean period of 4·6 years (range 1–8 years). The primary end‐point was defined as any of the following: death from any cause, non‐fatal reinfarction or stroke, unstable angina pectoris, congestive heart failure requiring hospitalization and coronary revascularization procedure.ResultsThirty patients had some form of cardiovascular events during follow‐up. Seven patients had cardiovascular death, 13 patients had reinfarction and four patients had a stroke. New angina or unstable angina was recorded in 21 patients. Of these patients, 13 underwent percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The early diastolic myocardial velocity (Em) emerged as the only echocardiographic variable that offered a clear differentiation between patients that presented with new cardiovascular (CV) events as compared to the corresponding group without anyCVevents at follow‐up (P<0·05). In multivariate statistical analysis and after adjustment for age, sex, total cholesterol, body mass index (BMI) and other baseline characteristics, Em remained as independent predictors ofCVevents (HR, 1·18, 95%CI, 1·02–1·36;P<0·05). However, none of the investigated variables evolved as an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.ConclusionEmappears to be a sensitive echocardiographic index in identifying non‐diabetic patients withAMIat risk of new cardiovascular events.