bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of acute traumatic coagulopathy and massive transfusion requirements by means of rotational thromboelastometry: an international prospective validation study
Authors: Hagemo Jostein S , Christiaans Sarah C , Stanworth Simon J , Brohi Karim , Johansson Pär I , Goslings J Carel , Naess Paal A , Gaarder Christine 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Introduction
The purpose of this study was to re-evaluate the findings of a smaller cohort study on the functional definition and characteristics of acute traumatic coagulopathy (ATC). We also aimed to identify the threshold values for the most accurate identification of ATC and prediction of massive transfusion (MT) using rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) assays.

Methods
In this prospective international multicentre cohort study, adult trauma patients who met the local criteria for full trauma team activation from four major trauma centres were included. Blood was collected on arrival to the emergency department and analyzed with laboratory international normalized ratio (INR), fibrinogen concentration and two ROTEM assays (EXTEM and FIBTEM). ATC was defined as laboratory INR >1.2. Transfusion requirements of ≥10 units of packed red blood cells within 24 hours were defined as MT. Performance of the tests were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curves, and calculation of area under the curve (AUC). Optimal cutoff points were estimated based on Youden index.

Results
In total, 808 patients were included in the study. Among the ROTEM parameters, the largest AUCs were found for the clot amplitude (CA) 5 value in both the EXTEM and FIBTEM assays. EXTEM CA5 threshold value of ≤37 mm had a detection rate of 66.3% for ATC. An EXTEM CA5 threshold value of ≤40 mm predicted MT in 72.7%. FIBTEM CA5 threshold value of ≤8 mm detected ATC in 67.5%, and a FIBTEM CA5 threshold value ≤9 mm predicted MT in 77.5%. Fibrinogen concentration ≤1.6 g/L detected ATC in 73.6% and a fibrinogen concentration ≤1.90 g/L predicted MT in 77.8%. Patients with either an EXTEM or FIBTEM CA5 below the optimum detection threshold for ATC received significantly more packed red blood cells and plasma.

Conclusions
This study confirms previous findings of ROTEM CA5 as a valid marker for ATC and predictor for MT. With optimum threshold for EXTEM CA5 ≤ 40 mm and FIBTEM CA5 ≤ 9 mm, sensitivity is 72.7% and 77.5% respectively. Future investigations should evaluate the role of repeated viscoelastic testing in guiding haemostatic resuscitation in trauma.
Hypersensitivity to non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): classification of a Danish patient cohort according to EAACI/ENDA guidelines
Authors: Nissen Christoffer V , Bindslev‐Jensen Carsten , Mortz Charlotte G 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundNon‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are reported to be the second most common cause of drug hypersensitivity. In 2011, experts from the EAACI/ENDA group and GA2LEN proposed a new classification system for NSAID hypersensitivity. The aim of this study was to classify a patient cohort with a history of NSAID hypersensitivity according to this system.MethodsPatients with a clinical history of NSAID hypersensitivity referred to the Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital between 2002 and 2011 and evaluated with oral provocation tests (OPTs) were included in the study. Medical records were retrospectively investigated with respect to the culprit NSAID(s), underlying diseases and symptoms at the primary reaction and during oral provocation tests (OPTs). Data was supplemented with a questionnaire. Classification according to EAACI guideline was based on these findings.ResultsIn total 149 patients were included. Of those, 39 patients (26.2%) had a positive OPT. Twenty‐nine patients were classified as cross‐reactive responders and 9 patients as single NSAID responders after positive OPTs with the culprit NSAID, but not to acetylsalicylic acid. All single NSAID responders reacted to non‐pyrazolone drugs. Only one patient could not be classified according to the EAACI/ENDA system. An overlap between respiratory and cutaneous symptoms was found in 15/39 (38%) of patients.ConclusionsAll but one of our patients could be classified according to the EAACI classification system. Overlaps between different classes may occur much more commonly than expected.
The ACCESS study: Zelen randomised controlled trial of a package
of care for people presenting to hospital after self-harm
Authors: Hatcher Simon , Sharon Cynthia , House Allan , Collins Nicola , Collings Sunny , Pillai Avinesh 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundThe problem of people presenting to hospitals with self-harm is important
because such presentations are common, there is a clear link to suicide
and a high premature mortality. However, the best treatment for this
population is unclear.AimsTo see whether a package of measures, that included regular postcards and
problem-solving therapy, improved outcomes at 1 year compared with usual
care in people who presented to hospital with self-harm (the ACCESS
study: trial registration Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials
Registry ACTRN12609000641291).MethodThe design of the study was a Zelen randomised controlled trial. The
primary outcome was re-presentation to hospital with self-harm within 12
months of the index episode.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the primary outcome and most of
the secondary outcomes between the two groups. About half the people
offered problem-solving therapy did not receive it, for various
reasons.ConclusionsThe package as offered had little effect on the proportion of people
re-presenting to hospital with self-harm. The dose of problem-solving
therapy may have been too small to have an effect and there was a
difficulty engaging participants in active treatment.
Neural responses to dynamic multimodal stimuli and
pathology-specific impairments of social cognition in schizophrenia and
depression
Authors: Regenbogen Christina , Kellermann Thilo , Seubert Janina , Schneider Daniel A. , Gur Raquel E. , Derntl Birgit , Schneider Frank , Habel Ute 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundIndividuals with schizophrenia and people with depression both show
abnormal behavioural and neural responses when perceiving and responding
to emotional stimuli, but pathology-specific differences and
commonalities remain mostly unclear.AimsTo directly compare empathic responses to dynamic multimodal emotional
stimuli in a group with schizophrenia and a group with depression, and to
investigate their neural correlates using functional magnetic resonance
imaging (fMRI).MethodThe schizophrenia group (n = 20), the depression group
(n = 24) and a control group (n =
24) were presented with portrait-shot video clips expressing emotion
through three possible communication channels: facial expression, prosody
and content. Participants rated their own and the actor's emotional state
as an index of empathy.ResultsAlthough no group differences were found in empathy ratings,
characteristic differences emerged in the fMRI activation patterns. The
schizophrenia group demonstrated aberrant activation patterns during the
neutral speech content condition in regions implicated in multimodal
integration and formation of semantic constructs. Those in the depression
group were most affected during conditions with trimodal emotional and
trimodal neutral stimuli, in key regions of the mentalising network.ConclusionsOur findings reveal characteristic differences in patients with
schizophrenia compared with those with depression in their cortical
responses to dynamic affective stimuli. These differences indicate that
impairments in responding to emotional stimuli may be caused by
pathology-specific problems in social cognition.
An integrated biopsychosocial model of childhood maltreatment and psychosis
Authors: Barker Victoria , Gumley Andrew , Schwannauer Matthias , Lawrie Stephen M. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryThere is now a well-established link between childhood maltreatment and psychosis. It is, however, unclear what the mechanisms are by which this occurs. Here, we propose a pathway linking the experience of childhood maltreatment with biological changes in the brain and suggest a psychological intervention to ameliorate its effects.
Assessing early-onset hallucinations in the touch-screen
generation
Authors: Demeulemeester Morgane , Kochman Fréderic , Fligans Benjamin , Tabet Ahmed J. , Thomas Pierre , Jardri Renaud 
Published: March 2015

SummaryThe increasing development of apps for digital devices provides an
opportunity for new instruments to assess hallucinations in young
individuals. Here we present the Multisensory HAllucinations Scale for
Children (MHASC), dedicated to assessing complex early-onset hallucinations.
The MHASC will soon be translated into multilanguage versions with the
support of the International Consortium of Hallucination Research.
Classical and Membrane-Initiated Estrogen Signaling in an In Vitro Model of Anterior Hypothalamic Kisspeptin Neurons
Authors: Mittelman-Smith Melinda A. , Wong Angela M. , Kathiresan Anupama S. Q. , Micevych Paul E. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe neuropeptide kisspeptin is essential for sexual maturation and reproductive function. In particular, kisspeptin-expressing neurons in the anterior rostral periventricular area of the third ventricle are generally recognized as mediators of estrogen positive feedback for the surge release of LH, which stimulates ovulation. Estradiol induces kisspeptin expression in the neurons of the rostral periventricular area of the third ventricle but suppresses kisspeptin expression in neurons of the arcuate nucleus that regulate estrogen-negative feedback. To focus on the intracellular signaling and response to estradiol underlying positive feedback, we used mHypoA51 cells, an immortalized line of kisspeptin neurons derived from adult female mouse hypothalamus. mHypoA51 neurons express estrogen receptor (ER)-α, classical progesterone receptor (PR), and kisspeptin, all key elements of estrogen-positive feedback. As with kisspeptin neurons in vivo, 17β-estradiol (E2) induced kisspeptin and PR in mHypoA51s. The ERα agonist, 1,3,5-Tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-propyl-1H-pyrazole, produced similar increases in expression, indicating that these events were mediated by ERα. However, E2-induced PR up-regulation required an intracellular ER, whereas kisspeptin expression was stimulated through a membrane ER activated by E2 coupled to BSA. These data suggest that anterior hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons integrate both membrane-initiated and classical nuclear estrogen signaling to up-regulate kisspeptin and PR, which are essential for the LH surge.
OPERATION MODES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF PLASMA DIPOLE ANTENNA
Authors: Bogachev Nikolay Nikolaevich , Bogdankevich Irina L. , Gusein-Zade Namik G. , Sergeychev Konstantin F. 
Published: March 2015

<p>Existence modes of surface electromagnetic wave on a plasma cylinder, operating modes and characteristics of the plasma antenna were studied in this paper. Solutions of the dispersion equation of surface wave were obtained for a plasma cylinder with finite radius for different plasma density values. Operation modes of the plasma asymmetric dipole antenna with finite length and radius were researched by numerical simulation. The electric field distributions of the plasma antenna in near antenna field and the radiation pattern were obtained. These characteristics were compared to characteristics of the similar metal antenna. Numerical models verification was carried out by comparing of the counted and measured metal antenna radiation patterns.</p>
The Case of "Judith": Reflections on Combining a Psychoneurological Perspective Within a Client-Centered and Pluralistic Therapy Framework
Authors: Ward Tony , Hogan Kevin 
Published: March 2015

In this article, we respond to three commentaries by King (2015), Hyer and Brandon (2015), and Webb (2015) concerning our case study of Judith (Ward and Hogan, 2015). We organize our response in terms of five themes. First we discuss the positive features of the case study that were identified, specifically, viewing Judith's case as a successful example of combining the client-centered approach with cognitive training. Second, we consider the various ideas put forward about why the case was successful. For example, Hyer and Brandon suggest that the client-centered approach was the essential catalyst that helped Judith effectively utilize the cognitive training. Third we consider an issue common across the three commentaries, namely, the possible utility of additional neuropsychological testing and medical evidence. We acknowledge that such additional information might have been useful, but question its congruence with Cooper's and McLeod's (2011) "pluralistic psychotherapy" model that we employed, and the likely real-term benefits to the client. Fourth, we review the questions raised by the commentaries that remain unanswered about this case. We suggest that despite not being able to be precise about the severity of Judith's head injury, it is clear that a significant injury did occur, resulting in considerable disruption Judith's work and family life. Finally, we consider what the overall contribution of Judith's case study might be. We conclude by agreeing with King (2015) that, because cases like Judith's can derive great benefit from therapy, considerably more resources should be available for clients like her.
Neural modelling of growth hormone therapy for the prediction of therapy results
Authors: Smyczyńska Urszula , Smyczyńska Joanna , Tadeusiewicz Ryszard 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we presented the problem of predicting response to recombinant human growth hormone (GH) treatment in GH-deficient children. Such a prediction can be done by techniques of mathematical modelling and is important because the therapy consists of daily injections and is expensive; thus, it should be administered only to those patients who will, with high probability, benefit from it. Until now, the leading methodological approach to this problem was multiple regression analysis. Several authors demonstrated that it is possible to derive useful models by this method; however, it has some obvious limitations that can be avoided with the use of the proposed neural network approach.
AORTA software system for evaluating individual predisposition to atherosclerosis on the basis of genetic and phenotypic markers
Authors: Karpenko Anatoly , Kharlamov Valery , Sobenin Igor 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This article deals with the AORTA software system providing support for research activities to find molecular basis for further assessment of individual predisposition to atherosclerosis. These studies are aimed at finding a relationship between somatic mutations of the mitochondrial genome in the aortic wall cells and the extent of atherosclerotic lesions of the aorta. A morphologist selects these areas on an aortic tissue sample and describes them, so that within each area, deviation of the quantitative indicator of atherosclerosis severity (phenotypic marker) from the area average should be sufficiently small. Next, the frequency and severity indicators of somatic mutations of the mitochondrial genome (genetic markers) are measured for each area and then entered into the AORTA system.
On the compactness in grand spaces
Authors: Rafeiro Humberto , Vargas Andrés 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
In this paper we study compactness of subsets of grand Lebesgue
spaces (also known as Iwaniec–Sbordone spaces) and grand Sobolev
spaces. Namely, we prove a Kolmogorov–Riesz compactness theorem for grand
Lebesgue spaces and the corresponding version of a result of Sudakov.
In addition, the validity of a Rellich–Kondrachov type compact embedding
is shown to hold in the context of grand Sobolev spaces.
Ultrasound-stimulated microbubble enhancement of radiation response
Authors: Czarnota Gregory J. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Cancer therapies result in the killing of cancer cells but remain largely ineffective, with most patients dying of their disease. The methodology described here is a new image-guided cancer treatment under development that relies on physical methods to alter tumour biology. It enhances tumour responses to radiation significantly by synergistically destroying tumour blood vessels using microbubbles. It achieves tumour specificity by confining the ultrasonic fields that stimulate microbubbles to tumour location only. By perturbing tumour vasculature and activating specific genetic pathways in endothelial cells, the technique has been demonstrated to sensitise the targeted tissues to subsequent therapeutic application of radiation, resulting in significantly enhanced cell killing through a ceramide-dependent pathway initiated at the cell membrane. The treatment reviewed here destroys blood vessels, significantly enhancing the anti-vascular effect of radiation and improving tumour cure. The significant enhancement of localised tumour cell kill observed with this method means that radiation-based treatments can be potentially made more potent and lower doses of radiation utilised. The technique has the potential to have a profound impact on the practice of radiation oncology by offering a novel and safe means of reducing normal tissue toxicity while at the same time significantly increasing treatment effectiveness.
Promoting self-discovery in the language classroom
Authors: Waring Hansun Zhang 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPromoting self-discovery appears to be a general relevancy oriented to by participants not only in ordinary conversation (Schegloff et al., 1977) but also in various sorts of institutional encounters (e.g., Edwards & Stokoe, 2007). The push for self-repair, for example, is considered an important learning activity which may be inhibited or retarded by other-repair (van Lier, 1988; Ohta, 2000). The aim of this paper is to investigate the complexities of the practices utilized to accomplish promoting self-discovery in the language classroom. Based on a conversation analytic account of 30 hours of audio and video-recorded adult ESL (English as a Second Language) lessons, I show two ways in which promoting self-discovery may become problematic in its implementation. I argue that language instructors need to be sensitized to the delicate balance between promoting self-discovery and providing interactionally contingent help.
The round functions of KASUMI generate the alternating group
Authors: Sparr Rüdiger , Wernsdorf Ralph 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
We show that the round functions of the KASUMI block cipher for
odd and even round type generate the alternating group on the message space. Moreover, under the assumption of independent round keys, we prove that also the KASUMI two-round functions and the KASUMI encryption functions generate the alternating group.
Scholarly Communication in a Digital Environment: Populating the Institutional Repository of the University of Botswana
Authors: Oladokun Olugbade 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis paper examines the numerous benefits of digital scholarly communication made visible through institutional repositories (IRs) that have become trendy in institutions of higher learning in developed countries of the world. In line with its vision to be a leading centre of academic excellence in Africa and the world, the University of Botswana (UB) established its own IR known as the UB Research, Innovation and Scholarship Archive (UBRISA). This paper discusses the challenges of profiling digital scholarly communication on UBRISA, a technology brimming with potential but which UB staff has largely ignored. The consequences of this neglect are seen in the paltry submissions to it during its four years of existence. The paper explains the implementation policy, and the involvement and functions of a tripartite team that drives UBRISA. The paper notes that the problem of tardiness experienced in populating the digital repositories of other institutions is also deeply rooted in UB. It shares some failed efforts made to populate UBRISA through the instrument of the performance management system – an annual contract which the academic staff members sign at the beginning of the year. The paper then analyses the efforts of the Scholarly Communication in Africa Programme (SCAP) that worked with UB in training its staff regarding the operation of the IR, and also established a workflow process for vetting, describing and uploading content to the IR so that UB scholarship could become more visible to the world. Some recommendations are also offered.
Mutual intelligibility of Dutch-German cognates by children: The devil is in the detail
Authors: Gooskens Charlotte , van Bezooijen Renée , van Heuven Vincent J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSeveral studies (e.g., Ház 2005) have found German to be easier to understand for Dutch listeners than Dutch for German listeners. This asymmetry has been attributed to the fact that German is an obligatory subject in Dutch secondary school and that many Dutch people watch German television. In contrast, it is much less common for German children to learn Dutch at school and for German people to watch Dutch television. It cannot be excluded, however, that in addition to the extralinguistic factor of language contact, linguistic factors also play a role in the asymmetric intelligibility between German and Dutch. The present study aimed at gaining insight into the phonetic-phonological factors playing a role in Dutch-German intelligibility at the word level for speakers of the respective languages in a first confrontation (i.e., assuming no prior language contact).We presented highly frequent Dutch and German cognate nouns, recorded by a perfect bilingual speaker, to Dutch and German children between 9 and 12 years in a word translation task. The German and Dutch children were comparable in that they did not know the other language or a related dialect and expressed equally positive attitudes towards the other language, its speakers and the country. It was thus ensured that language contact and language attitude could not play a role in the present study.Our results revealed that the Dutch subjects were significantly better at understanding the German cognates (50.2% correct translations) than the German subjects were at understanding the Dutch cognates (41.9%). Since the relevant extra-linguistic factors had been excluded, the asymmetry must have a linguistic basis. A thorough analysis of the 16 cognate pairs with an asymmetry larger than 20% showed that (combinations of) neighbors (lexical competitors), phonetic detail and asymmetric perceptions of corresponding sounds play a major role in the explanation of the asymmetry.