bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of oilseed rape-service plant intercropping performance variability across a farmers’ fields network in Western Switzerland
Authors: Bousselin Xavier , Lorin Mathieu , Valantin-Morison Muriel , Fustec Joëlle , Cassagne Nathalie , Baux Alice 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe intercropping of winter oilseed rape with frost-sensitive service plants can provide a diversity of services including weed control and N supply for oilseed rape. This practice started to be adopted by farmers and has therefore become one of the most popular intercropping in Western Europe. However, in Switzerland, such intercropping leads to contrasting yields. The growth of service plants and the benefits they provide have also been found to be variable. The factors explaining these variabilities remain unclear. Our study aimed to better understand this variability under a temperate climate thanks to the regional agronomic diagnosis framework. In this study, we first investigated the main factors explaining this variability and then aimed to rank them to identify ways to better manage such intercropping systems. A network of 28 farmers’ fields planted with winter oilseed rape intercropped with service plant mixtures was studied. Farmers’ practices were diverse in terms of specific composition of the service plant mixture, pest management, and fertilization. We observed that the growth of oilseed rape and service plants in fall was highly variable. We determined that in late fall, the main drivers of the service plant mixture dry weight were specific composition of the mixture and precipitation. The introduction of buckwheat in the service plant mixture enhanced its late fall biomass. The oilseed rape grain yields ranged from 0.4 to 5.0 t ha−1 and were lower than that of the local reference in 75% of the fields. This was mainly explained by insect pest damage in spring due to a very limited use of insecticide in our field network combined with a lack of alternative pest management strategies. This work provides further elements to investigate the causes leading to the high variability we observed, together with the local observations that will benefit the farmers.
Nourishing Physical Productivity and Performance On a Warming Planet - Challenges and Nutritional Strategies to Mitigate Exertional Heat Stress
Authors: McCubbin Alan J. , Irwin Christopher G. , Costa Ricardo J. S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Climate change is predicted to increase the frequency and severity of exposure to hot environments. This can impair health, physical performance, and productivity for active individuals in occupational and athletic settings. This review summarizes current knowledge and recent advancements in nutritional strategies to minimize the impact of exertional-heat stress (EHS).

Recent Findings
Hydration strategies limiting body mass loss to < 3% during EHS are performance-beneficial in weight-supported activities, although evidence regarding smaller fluid deficits (< 2% body mass loss) and weight-dependent activities is less clear due to a lack of well-designed studies with adequate blinding. Sodium replacement requirements during EHS depends on both sweat losses and the extent of fluid replacement, with quantified sodium replacement only necessary once fluid replacement > 60–80% of losses. Ice ingestion lowers core temperature and may improve thermal comfort and performance outcomes when consumed before, but less so during activity. Prevention and management of gastrointestinal disturbances during EHS should focus on high carbohydrate but low FODMAP availability before and during exercise, frequent provision of carbohydrate and/or protein during exercise, adequate hydration, and body temperature regulation. Evidence for these approaches is lacking in occupational settings. Acute kidney injury is a potential concern resulting from inadequate fluid replacement during and post-EHS, and emerging evidence suggests that repeated exposures may increase the risk of developing chronic kidney disease.

Summary
Nutritional strategies can help regulate hydration, body temperature, and gastrointestinal status during EHS. Doing so minimizes the impact of EHS on health and safety and optimizes productivity and performance outcomes on a warming planet.
Welche Schularten präferieren Studierende des Lehramts Sekundarschule Allgemeinbildung als Arbeitsort?
Authors: Altrichter Herbert , Weber Christoph , Soukup-Altrichter Katharina 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Reform der österreichischen Ausbildung für das Sekundarschullehramt hat die bis dahin getrennten Studiengänge für das ‚niedere‘ und ‚höhere‘ Schulwesen in einen gemeinsamen Studiengang zusammengeführt. Damit wird die Entscheidung, welche Schulart Studierende als Einsatzort anstreben, die früher durch die Studienwahl zu Beginn des Studiums getroffen wurde, offengehalten. Dadurch ergibt sich u. a. die Frage, ob die Einsatzpräferenzen der Studierenden mit dem Bedarf der Sekundarschularten übereinstimmen.Anhand von Längsschnittdaten zur Implementation der neuen Lehrpersonenbildung untersuchen wir erstens die Frage, welche Sekundarschularten die Studierenden als Arbeitsort anstreben. Zweitens fragen wir, ob sich jene Studierenden, die eine exklusive Präferenz für mittlere und höhere Schulen als Arbeitsort äußern, in soziodemografischen, berufs- und studienbezogenen Merkmalen von ihren Kommiliton*innen, die für den Unterricht in anderen Schularten offen sind, unterscheiden.Frühere Studien wiesen auf eine Bevorzugung von höheren Schulen und ein Missverhältnis zwischen den Präferenzen erstsemestriger Studierender und den Beschäftigungsmöglichkeiten der Sekundarstufe hin. Unsere Ergebnisse aus der Studienendphase deuten auf größere Bereitschaft, auch in anderen Schularten als in höheren Schulen zu unterrichten. Unsere Daten zeigen keine belastbaren Unterschiede in den berufsbezogenen Eingangsvoraussetzungen zwischen den ‚Präferenzgruppen‘; auch wird das fachbezogene Selbstkonzept, das jene Studierende charakterisiert, die eine exklusive Präferenz für höhere Schulen äußern, offenbar erst im Verlaufe der Studienzeit entwickelt.
Assessment of eating disorder symptoms, compulsive exercise, body dissatisfaction and depression in Swedish national team gymnasts, with a one-year follow-up
Authors: Edlund Klara , Forsberg Niklas , Källberg Henrik , Melin Anna 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to explore changes in symptoms of eating disorders, compulsive exercise, and depression, between two assessments 12 months apart, among elite gymnasts.

Method
Factors related to the development of mental health symptoms in male and female Swedish national team gymnasts were investigated using baseline and 1-year follow-up scores in two subscales of the Eating Disorders Inventory 3; drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction, two subscales of the Compulsive Exercise Test; avoidance and rule-driven behavior and exercise for weight control, and the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale-Self report (MADRS-S). Linear mixed models were used to investigate the influence of drive for thinness, exercise for weight control, avoidance and rule-driven behavior, and MADRS-S on body dissatisfaction.

Results
Body dissatisfaction increased from baseline to the follow-up assessment, while drive for thinness and depression remained stable. Symptoms of eating disorders and depression were generally low in this group of elite gymnasts at both assessments. Drive for thinness, exercise for weight control, and symptoms of depression were associated with body dissatisfaction.

Discussion
Our findings indicate that there were no significant changes over time in eating disorders and depression symptoms but significant associations with body dissatisfaction. Furthermore, we found independent effects of drive for thinness, exercise for weight control and symptoms of depression for body dissatisfaction.
Exploring the educational digital landscape in the Dominican Republic: a comparative study of competencies in different stages and socio-digital environments
Authors: Soriano-Alcantara Jesús Manuel , Guillén-Gámez Francisco D. , Ruiz-Palmero Julio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to have a more holistic and complete vision of the digital competencies of the three main agents of the teaching–learning process (teachers, students and parents) of all educational stages, as well as the incidence of gender, territory and access to technological resources and the Internet at home. A non-quantitative and non-experimental design was used through surveys, with non-probabilistic sampling by intention and snowball method, and a sample of 1149 participants. The results show significant differences between the groups studied in the stages of Primary and Secondary Education, but not in Early Childhood Education and Higher Education, specifically between the student–teacher group, as well as for the teacher-parent group, with higher scores for teachers. In addition, a progressive increase in digital competencies was evident from Primary Education to Higher Education in students, similar in teachers but disparate in the group of parents, as well as gender and territorial disparities according to access to digital resources and the Internet at home. The results highlight the need to effectively integrate technology into the school curriculum from the earliest educational stages, as well as to provide continuous training to those groups whose skills require improvement, including subsidy initiatives for low-income families, or programs of access to computers, digital resources and the Internet in rural areas.
A distributed adaptive policy gradient method based on momentum for multi-agent reinforcement learning
Authors: Shi Junru , Wang Xin , Zhang Mingchuan , Liu Muhua , Zhu Junlong , Wu Qingtao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPolicy Gradient (PG) method is one of the most popular algorithms in Reinforcement Learning (RL). However, distributed adaptive variants of PG are rarely studied in multi-agent. For this reason, this paper proposes a distributed adaptive policy gradient algorithm (IS-DAPGM) incorporated with Adam-type updates and importance sampling technique. Furthermore, we also establish the theoretical convergence rate of $$\mathcal {O}(1/\sqrt{T})$$

O
(
1
/

T

)

, where T represents the number of iterations, it can match the convergence rate of the state-of-the-art centralized policy gradient methods. In addition, many experiments are conducted in a multi-agent environment, which is a modification on the basis of Particle world environment. By comparing with some other distributed PG methods and changing the number of agents, we verify the performance of IS-DAPGM is more efficient than the existing methods.
Indirect adaptive observer control (I-AOC) design for truck–trailer model based on T–S fuzzy system with unknown nonlinear function
Authors: Aslam Muhammad Shamrooz , Bilal Hazrat , Chang Wer-jer , Yahya Abid , Badruddin Irfan Anjum , Kamangar Sarfaraz , Hussien Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTracking is a crucial problem for nonlinear systems as it ensures stability and enables the system to accurately follow a desired reference signal. Using Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy models, this paper addresses the problem of fuzzy observer and control design for a class of nonlinear systems. The Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy models can represent nonlinear systems because it is a universal approximation. Firstly, the T–S fuzzy modeling is applied to get the dynamics of an observational system in order to estimate the unmeasurable states of an unknown nonlinear system. There are various kinds of nonlinear systems that can be modeled using T–S fuzzy systems by combining the input state variables linearly. Secondly, the T–S fuzzy systems can handle unknown states as well as parameters known to the indirect adaptive fuzzy observer. A simple feedback method is used to implement the proposed controller. As a result, the feedback linearization method allows for solving the singularity problem without using any additional algorithms. A fuzzy model representation of the observation system comprises parameters and a feedback gain. The Lyapunov function and Lipschitz conditions are used in constructing the adaptive law. This method is then illustrated by an illustrative example to prove its effectiveness with different kinds of nonlinear functions. A well-designed controller is effective and its performance index minimizes network utilization—this factor is particularly significant when applied to wireless communication systems.
On directionally nonexpansive mappings
Authors: Llorens-Fuster Enrique 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn 2000, W.A. Kirk introduced the concept of directionally nonexpansive mappings. Here, we present a more comprehensive study of this class of mappings, including a fixed-point result for them. We further present a class of mappings, properly containing the directionally nonexpansive ones, for which Kirk’s theorem still holds.
The Influence of Hated Self on Relationships Between Metacognitive Beliefs, Self-Critical Rumination, Decentering and Psychopathology
Authors: Gold Hannah R. , Smout Matthew F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTwo studies explored whether Hated Self and Inadequate Self forms of self-criticism demonstrate different relationships to self-critical rumination (SCR), metacognitive beliefs, decentering and psychopathology. In study 1, 137 community participants experiencing SCR completed an online questionnaire battery. Self-hate was associated with higher SCR, stronger positive and negative metabeliefs about SCR, higher psychopathology and nonreactivity to internal experiences. Effects of Inadequate Self on psychopathology were fully mediated by SCR whereas Hated Self exerted direct effects on psychopathology alongside indirect effects via SCR. Study 2 explored whether higher self-hate attenuated the ability to detach from SCR triggers. Twenty-three participants received a single-session detached mindfulness intervention; pre-post changes in study 1 questionnaires and daily diary ratings of study 1 constructs in the week before and after the intervention were compared. Most measures improved; higher self-hate was not associated with reduced response. Although self-hate confers risk for psychopathology outside SCR, metacognitive interventions both undermine uncontrollability beliefs and facilitate decentering, so should continue to be investigated as interventions for SCR.
Exploring the impact of zoological garden visits on science learning in primary school: acknowledging and transforming prior knowledge via outdoor learning
Authors: Photo Patricia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study explores the impact of zoological garden visits on primary school students’ science learning, aiming to understand their existing knowledge of wild animals and the transformative effects of experiential learning and outdoor learning. Drawing on insights from existing literature emphasizing the significance of aligning educational content with students’ prior knowledge and the potential benefits of real-world learning experiences, this research employs a qualitative approach. The study engages ten participants, carefully selected from three schools in Township areas of Gauteng, South Africa. Grounded in constructivist theory, the research utilizes thematic analysis to interpret patterns, themes, and underlying meanings within students’ drawings and interviews. Findings reveal a greater familiarity with domesticated species and profound emotional bonds with animals among participants. Furthermore, zoological garden visits challenge students’ preconceptions about animals, enrich their science knowledge and vocabulary, and leave significant impressions through direct animal encounters. The study recommends practical strategies for teachers to enhance science education practices, emphasizing the importance of experiential learning and fostering emotional connections with nature. While acknowledging limitations, such as its specific context and sample size, this research contributes valuable insights for teachers and policymakers aiming to promote effective science education in primary schools.
Dietary Supplementation Strategies for Improving Training Adaptations, Antioxidant Status and Performance of Volleyball Players: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hernández-Landa Ricardo E. , Lazo Milton , Salado Daniela D. , Sánchez-Almanzar Elizabeth , Cepeda-Marte Jenny L. , Zare Reza , Ali Redha Ali , Clifford Tom 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeVolleyball demands high physical performance including agility, speed, endurance and muscular strength. As volleyball players explore methods to achieve efficiency in these areas, nutritional supplementation has been considered a valuable adjunct to accomplish this goal. This systematic review aimed to comprehensively explore the effects of different dietary supplementation strategies on the training adaptations, antioxidant status and performance of volleyball players.MethodsA search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and EbscoHost on 28th July 2023 and updated on 12th May 2024. Studies were included if the participants were volleyball players, taking a dietary supplement and evaluated sports-related outcomes. The risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane's revised risk of bias tool, RoB2.ResultsThe review included 19 trials investigating supplements such as branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), creatine,N-acetylcysteine (NAC), hydroxy-methyl-butyrate (HMB), grape seed extract (GSE), nitrate, caffeine, iron and magnesium. Outcomes including vertical jump (VJ) height, endurance, oxidative stress, cell damage, muscle strength, and anaerobic and aerobic capacity were considered. Caffeine supplementation improved VJ height and agility while creatine, BCAA, HMB and mineral supplementation may improve anaerobic performance and muscle strength without a clear positive effect on VJ height, subject to a limited number of studies on each supplement. Creatine and BCAA effects were inconsistent concerning muscle damage.ConclusionsAmong the investigated supplements, caffeine showed the most promising data to enhance physical performance and agility. NAC and GSE could improve antioxidant status. More research is needed to assess other supplements’ effectiveness in volleyball players.Protocol Registrationhttps://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/8RD9V.Graphical Abstract
Envelopes in Banach spaces
Authors: Ferenczi V. , Lopez-Abad J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe introduce the notion of isometric envelope of a subspace in a Banach space, establishing its connections with several key elements: (a) we explore its relation to the mean ergodic projection on fixed points within a semigroup of contractions, (b) we draw parallels with Korovkin sets from the 1970s, (c) we investigate its impact on the extension properties of linear isometric embeddings. We use this concept to address the recent conjecture that the Gurarij space and the spaces $$L_p$$

L
p

, $$p \notin 2{\mathbb {N}}+4$$

p
∉
2
N
+
4

are the only separable approximately ultrahomogeneous Banach spaces (a certain multidimensional transitivity of the action of the linear isometry group). The similar conjecture for Fraïssé Banach spaces (a strengthening of the approximately homogeneous property) is also considered. We characterize the Hilbert space as the only separable reflexive space in which any closed subspace coincides with its envelope; and we show that the Gurarij space satisfies the same property. We compute some envelopes in the case of Lebesgue spaces, showing that the reflexive $$L_p$$

L
p

-spaces are the only reflexive rearrangement invariant spaces on [0, 1] for which all 1-complemented subspaces are envelopes. We also identify the isometrically unique “full” quotient space of $$L_p$$

L
p

by a Hilbertian subspace, for appropriate values of p, as well as the associated topological group embedding of the unitary group into the isometry group of $$L_p$$

L
p

.
Large-eddy simulation of the effects of a tower structure on wind velocity and drag coefficient
Authors: Michioka Takenobu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA large-eddy simulation was implemented for the flow around a cylindrical observation tower to investigate the effects of the tower structure on wind speed and drag coefficient. The mean wind velocity accelerates above the tower because flow separation occurs at the leading edge of the top of the tower. The drag coefficient is strongly linked to the Reynolds shear stress. Above the tower, the Reynolds shear stresses change from negative to positive within the recirculation zone and return to a negative value in the latter half of the tower because of the steep velocity gradients near the top of the tower. The change in the Reynolds shear stress results in an inaccurate drag coefficient. When one anemometer is used, a location at over 10 m above the top of the tower is suitable for measuring the drag coefficient accurately. When two anemometers are used, the Reynolds shear stress can be measured more accurately. Although the effects of the tower on the drag coefficient are not entirely removed, the use of two anemometers is a promising approach to estimate the drag coefficient in a tower.
Graphical Abstract
Understanding Local Alcohol Control in Wisconsin: Building a Database of Local Municipal Alcohol Policies
Authors: Borisy-Rudin Felice F. , MacKenzie Robert , Busalacchi Maureen , Kostelac Constance 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn Wisconsin, many alcohol policies are regulated at the local level. To examine the relationship between local policies, alcohol use and health outcomes, our team developed a database to collect local alcohol policies. Initial results highlight differences in how policies are defined, enforced, and made available to the public.
Reclaiming Public Health Authority: Toward a Legal Framework that Centers the Public’s Health, in the Courts and Beyond
Authors: Adler Sabrina , Parmet Wendy E. , Tvrdy Linda , Bartel Sara 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper summarizes key shifts in judicial decisions relating to public health powers during the pandemic and the implications of those decisions for public health practice. Then, it gives a preview and call for partnership in developing a legal framework for authority that guides public health to better activities, processes, and accountability in service of the public’s health.
Barriers and Opportunities for Tribal Access to Public Health Data to Advance Health Equity
Authors: Field Carrie , Price Sarah , Locklear A.C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPublic health authorities (PHAs), including Tribal nations, have the right and responsibility to protect and promote the health of their citizens. Although Tribal nations have the same need and legal authority to access public health data as any other PHA, significant legal challenges continue to impede Tribal data access.
Breaking Free From the “War on Drugs”: Examples From Three Leader States
Authors: Davis Corey , Lieberman Amy Judd 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhile the federal government continues to pursue a punitive “War on Drugs,” some states have adopted evidence-based, human-focused approaches to reducing drug-related harm. This article discusses recent legal changes in three states that can serve as models for others interested in reducing, rather than increasing, individual and community harm.