bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Christian worship leaders’ attitudes and observations of people with dementia
Authors: Kennedy Elizabeth , Allen Brian , Hope Angela , James Ian A. 
Published: March 2013

Background:The cognitive, emotional, and psychological consequences of dementia are profound and can include memory loss, processing and, communication difficulties, social isolation and agitation. Procedural memory remains fairly intact in people with dementia (PWD) and is readily triggered via sensory cues and prompts. As religious services are often highly structured, it is likely that PWD can participate competently, potentially enhancing their quality of life, and wellbeing.Aims:This study aimed to investigate Christian worship leaders’ attitudes and observations of PWD attending religious services, to identify recurring themes, and to generate hypotheses regarding the effects of participation in religious services on PWD.Method:The participants were Christian worship leaders experienced in conducting religious services for PWD. The study adopted a grounded theory approach consisting of two phases: a focus group of four worship leaders at Phase 1 and a series of one-to-one interviews with eight worship leaders at Phase 2.Results:Five linked themes emerged: familiarity and structure; enhanced sensory cues; significance of worship leader’s approach; social support from and for family and carers; and the personality and characteristics of the PWD. These themes were used to develop a conceptual model, sharing the moderating and mediating factors of wellbeing.Conclusion:Religious worship appeared to constitute a naturalistic psychosocial intervention comprised of the service itself and the social context. Further investigation and conceptualisation of the interaction between PWD and their social environment is warranted, and collaboration with those people who constitute the PWD’s social support network.
A pilot survey of physical activity in men with an intellectual disability
Authors: McKeon Michael , Slevin Eamonn , Taggart Laurence 
Published: March 2013

People with intellectual disability (ID) are reported as a sedentary population with increased risks of poor health due to an inactive and sedentary lifestyle. As the benefits of physical activity are acknowledged, measuring physical activity accurately is important to help identify reasons for low and high physical activity in order to assist and maintain recommended levels for optimal health. This article reports a pilot study undertaken to validate the use of a physical activity monitor (Sensewear Armband) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) as instruments for measuring and exploring physical activity of men with ID. The design was a one-group descriptive study and the data were collected over a 7-day period from 17 men. The Sensewear Armband enabled continuous and long-term measurement of 14 objective physical activity metrics. The IPAQ examined details of physical activity reported over 7 days. Equivalent results were obtained from both the instruments, indicating a positive correlation between the Sensewear Armband and the IPAQ. The results show 50% have low activity levels, and the national recommended physical activity levels have been achieved at a very low active intensity. No sustainable high physical activity intensity levels were recorded. The results confirmed the Sensewear Armband and the IPAQ as a practical means of measuring and understanding physical activity levels in men with ID.
Preapoptotic protease calpain-2 is frequently suppressed in adult T-cell leukemia
Authors: Ishihara Makoto , Araya Natsumi , Sato Tomoo , Tatsuguchi Ayako , Saichi Naomi , Utsunomiya Atae , Nakamura Yusuke , Nakagawa Hidewaki , Yamano Yoshihisa , Ueda Koji 
Published: March 2013

Key PointsProteome-wide analysis of HTLV-1–infected T cells identified 17 biomarker proteins for the diagnosis of ATL or HAM/TSP patients.
A homozygous telomerase T-motif variant resulting in markedly reduced repeat addition processivity in siblings with Hoyeraal Hreidarsson syndrome
Authors: Gramatges Maria M. , Qi Xiaodong , Sasa Ghadir S. , Chen Julian J.-L. , Bertuch Alison A. 
Published: March 2013

Key Points
Biallelic inheritance of a telomerase T-motif mutation selectively impairs repeat addition processivity and results in severe disease. Computational algorithms commonly used to predict the impact of variants on protein function have limited sensitivity with regard to hTERT.
Convergence theorems for total asymptotically nonexpansive non-self mappings in "Equation missing" spaces
Authors: Wang Lin , Chang Shih-sen , Ma Zhaoli 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce the concept of total asymptotically nonexpansive nonself mappings and prove the demiclosed principle for this kind of mappings in

CAT
(
0
)

spaces. As a consequence, we obtain a Δ-convergence theorem of total asymptotically nonexpansive nonself mappings in

CAT
(
0
)

spaces. Our results extend and improve the corresponding recent results announced by many authors.

MSC:47H09, 47J25.
Probabilistic strain optimization under constraint uncertainty
Authors: Yousofshahi Mona , Orshansky Michael , Lee Kyongbum , Hassoun Soha 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
An important step in strain optimization is to identify reactions whose activities should be modified to achieve the desired cellular objective. Preferably, these reactions are identified systematically, as the number of possible combinations of reaction modifications could be very large. Over the last several years, a number of computational methods have been described for identifying combinations of reaction modifications. However, none of these methods explicitly address uncertainties in implementing the reaction activity modifications. In this work, we model the uncertainties as probability distributions in the flux carrying capacities of reactions. Based on this model, we develop an optimization method that identifies reactions for flux capacity modifications to predict outcomes with high statistical likelihood.

Results
We compare three optimization methods that select an intervention set comprising up- or down-regulation of reaction flux capacity: CCOpt (Chance constrained optimization), DetOpt (Deterministic optimization), and MCOpt (Monte Carlo-based optimization). We evaluate the methods using a Monte Carlo simulation-based method, MCEval (Monte Carlo Evaluations). We present two case studies analyzing a CHO cell and an adipocyte model. The flux capacity distributions required for our methods were estimated from maximal reaction velocities or elementary mode analysis. The intervention set selected by CCOpt consistently outperforms the intervention set selected by DetOpt in terms of tolerance to flux capacity variations. MCEval shows that the optimal flux predicted based on the CCOpt intervention set is more likely to be obtained, in a probabilistic sense, than the flux predicted by DetOpt. The intervention sets identified by CCOpt and MCOpt were similar; however, the exhaustive sampling required by MCOpt incurred significantly greater computational cost.

Conclusions
Maximizing tolerance to variable engineering outcomes (in modifying enzyme activities) can identify intervention sets that statistically improve the desired cellular objective.
Inosine Triphosphate Pyrophosphohydrolase (ITPA) polymorphic sequence variants in adult hematological malignancy patients and possible association with mitochondrial DNA defects
Authors: Zamzami Mazin A , Duley John A , Price Gareth R , Venter Deon J , Yarham John W , Taylor Robert W , Catley Laurence P , Florin Timothy HJ , Marinaki Anthony M , Bowling Francis 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase (ITPase) is a ‘house-cleaning’ enzyme that degrades non-canonical (‘rogue’) nucleotides. Complete deficiency is fatal in knockout mice, but a mutant polymorphism resulting in low enzyme activity with an accumulation of ITP and other non-canonical nucleotides, appears benign in humans. We hypothesised that reduced ITPase activity may cause acquired mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) defects. Furthermore, we investigated whether accumulating mtDNA defects may then be a risk factor for cell transformation, in adult haematological malignancy (AHM).

Methods
DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and bone marrow samples. Microarray-based sequencing of mtDNA was performed on 13 AHM patients confirmed as carrying the ITPA 94C>A mutation causing low ITPase activity, and 4 AHM patients with wildtype ITPA. The frequencies of ITPA 94C>A and IVS2+21A>C polymorphisms were studied from 85 available AHM patients.

Results

ITPA 94C>A was associated with a significant increase in total heteroplasmic/homoplasmic mtDNA mutations (p<0.009) compared with wildtype ITPA, following exclusion of haplogroup variants. This suggested that low ITPase activity may induce mitochondrial abnormalities. Compared to the normal population, frequencies for the 94C>A and IVS2+21A>C mutant alleles among the AHM patients were higher for myelodyplastic syndrome (MDS) - but below significance; were approximately equivalent for chronic lymphoblastic leukemia; and were lower for acute myeloid leukemia.

Conclusions
This study invokes a new paradigm for the evolution of MDS, where nucleotide imbalances produced by defects in ‘house-cleaning’ genes may induce mitochondrial dysfunction, compromising cell integrity. It supports recent studies which point towards an important role for ITPase in cellular surveillance of rogue nucleotides.
Insulin-like Factor 3 Promotes Wound Healing at the Ocular Surface
Authors: Hampel Ulrike , Klonisch Thomas , Sel Saadettin , Schulze Ute , Paulsen Friedrich P. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractTear fluid is known to contain many different hormones with relevance for ocular surface homeostasis. We studied the presence and functional role of insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) and its cognate receptor RXFP2 (relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 2) at the ocular surface and in tears. Expression of human INSL3 and RXFP2 was determined in tissues of the ocular surface and lacrimal apparatus; in human corneal (HCE), conjunctival (HCjE), and sebaceous (SC) epithelial cell lines; and in human tears by RT-PCR and ELISA. We investigated effects of human recombinant INSL3 (hrINSL3) on cell proliferation and cell migration and the influence of hrINSL3 on the expression of MMP2, -9, and -13 and TIMP1 and -2 was quantified by real-time PCR and ELISA in HCE, HCjE, and SC cells. We used a C57BL/6 mouse corneal defect model to elucidate the effect of topical application of hrINSL3 on corneal wound healing. INSL3 and RXFP2 transcripts and INSL3 protein were detected in all tissues and cell lines investigated. Significantly higher concentrations of INSL3 were detected in tears from male vs. female volunteers. Stimulation of HCE, HCjE, and SC with hrINSL3 significantly increased cell proliferation in HCjE and SC and migration of HCjE. Treatment with hrINSL3 for 24 hours regulated MMP2, TIMP1, and TIMP2 expression. The local application of hrINSL3 onto denuded corneal surface resulted in significantly accelerated corneal wound healing in mice. These findings suggest a novel and gender-specific role for INSL3 and cognate receptor RXFP2 signaling in ocular surface homeostasis and determined a novel role for hrINSL3 in corneal wound healing.
Sea urchin akt activity is Runx-dependent and required for post-cleavage stage cell division
Authors: Robertson Anthony J. , Coluccio Alison , Jensen Sarah , Rydlizky Katarina , Coffman James A. 
Published: March 2013

Summary
In animal development following the initial cleavage stage of embryogenesis, the cell cycle becomes dependent on intercellular signaling and controlled by the genomically encoded ontogenetic program. Runx transcription factors are critical regulators of metazoan developmental signaling, and we have shown that the sea urchin Runx gene runt-1, which is globally expressed during early embryogenesis, functions in support of blastula stage cell proliferation and expression of the mitogenic genes pkc1, cyclinD, and several wnts. To obtain a more comprehensive list of early runt-1 regulatory targets, we screened a Strongylocentrotus purpuratus microarray to identify genes mis-expressed in mid-blastula stage runt-1 morphants. This analysis showed that loss of Runx function perturbs the expression of multiple genes involved in cell division, including the pro-growth and survival kinase Akt (PKB), which is significantly underexpressed in runt-1 morphants. Further genomic analysis revealed that Akt is encoded by two genes in the S. purpuratus genome, akt-1 and akt-2, both of which contain numerous canonical Runx target sequences. The transcripts of both genes accumulate several fold during blastula stage, contingent on runt-1 expression. Inhibiting Akt expression or activity causes blastula stage cell cycle arrest, whereas overexpression of akt-1 mRNA rescues cell proliferation in runt-1 morphants. These results indicate that post-cleavage stage cell division requires Runx-dependent expression of akt.
BUBR1 recruits PP2A via the B56 family of targeting subunits to promote chromosome congression
Authors: Xu Peng , Raetz Elizabeth A. , Kitagawa Mayumi , Virshup David M. , Lee Sang Hyun 
Published: March 2013

Summary
BUBR1 is a mitotic phosphoprotein essential for the maintenance of chromosome stability by promoting chromosome congression and proper kinetochore–microtubule (K-fiber) attachment, but the underlying mechanism(s) has remained elusive. Here we identify BUBR1 as a binding partner of the B56 family of Protein Phosphatase 2A regulatory subunits. The interaction between BUBR1 and the B56 family is required for chromosome congression, since point mutations in BUBR1 that block B56 binding abolish chromosome congression. The BUBR1:B56-PP2A complex opposes Aurora B kinase activity, since loss of the complex can be reverted by inhibiting Aurora B. Importantly, we show that the failure of BUBR1 to recruit B56-PP2A also contributes to the chromosome congression defects found in cells derived from patients with the Mosaic Variegated Aneuploidy (MVA) syndrome. Together, we propose that B56-PP2A is a key mediator of BUBR1's role in chromosome congression and functions by antagonizing Aurora B activity at the kinetochore for establishing stable kinetochore–microtubule attachment at the metaphase plate.
Polymorphism of 4′-Diethylamino-3-hydroxyflavone
Authors: Hino Kazuyuki , Nakajima Kiyohiko , Kawahara Miyoko , Furukawa Kazuki , Sekiya Hiroshi 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Crystallization of 4′-diethylamino-3-hydroxyflavone (1) yields two polymorphic crystals. One is monoclinic, space group P21/n (1a), and the other triclinic, P1 (1b). In both crystals, the two adjacent molecules form a dimeric unit by two intermolecular O–H···O hydrogen bonds. The hydrogen-bonded dimer in crystal 1a is nearly planar, whereas that in crystal 1b is centrically twisted, having cis-like and trans-like conformations for the terminal carbon atoms at the diethylamino group.
Flexible Wall Permeameter to Measure the Hydraulic Conductivity of Soils in Horizontal Direction
Authors: Sridhar G. , Robinson Retnamony G. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The flexible wall permeability apparatus was modified for the direct measurement of the hydraulic conductivity of soils in the horizontal direction. Constant head permeability tests were carried out using the radial flow flexible wall permeameter on soil samples with central sand drain to allow the water to flow radially from the central sand drain towards a peripheral drain. Tests were also conducted using the conventional flexible wall permeameter on samples that were trimmed horizontally, so as to measure the hydraulic conductivity in the horizontal directions for comparison. The test results obtained from the proposed setup agrees well with those obtained from the samples that were trimmed horizontally, proving the validity of the results obtained from the proposed apparatus.
Using Genomic Prediction to Characterize Environments and Optimize Prediction Accuracy in Applied Breeding Data
Authors: Heslot Nicolas , Jannink Jean‐Luc , Sorrells Mark E. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTSimulation and empirical studies of genomic selection (GS) show accuracies sufficient to generate rapid annual genetic gains. Whole‐genome genotyping provides the opportunity to go beyond the evaluation of lines to the evaluation of alleles and thus, provides new tools to analyze multienvironment trials. Considering allele replication rather than line replication provides a new way to cope with highly unbalanced phenotypic data sets. Using a two‐row elite barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) population representative of the type of data generated by a commercial breeding program and tested for grain yield across Europe from 2007 to 2010, we characterized allele effect estimates at each test location and used them to successfully identify outlier environments. We also used the prediction accuracy between environments to characterize the environments. The prediction accuracy gave the same pattern as the genetic correlation between environments based on a factor analytic model, suggesting that it could be used to cluster environments. A new method was developed to optimize the composition of the training population for predicting performance in the target population of environments (TPE). This method does not search for mega‐environments, but instead it identifies and removes less predictive environments from the set of environments used to train the model. Using this approach with the barley data set, cross‐validated accuracy increased from 0.54 to 0.61 while controlling overfitting and focusing the prediction on the TPE. This study demonstrates the possibilities offered by GS to analyze multienvironment trials, identify outliers, group environments, and select historical data relevant for current breeding efforts.
A Case for Crop Wild Relative Preservation and Use in Potato
Authors: Jansky S. H. , Dempewolf H. , Camadro E. L. , Simon R. , Zimnoch‐Guzowska E. , Bisognin D. A. , Bonierbale M. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTCrop wild relatives (CWR) offer a critical resource to address food security needs by providing genetic diversity for crop improvement, leading to increased plasticity and productivity of farming systems. However, plant breeders typically have not developed systematic or comprehensive strategies for the characterization and use of CWR for cultivar improvement. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) provides an excellent case study for the use of CWR germplasm in addressing global food security needs. International cooperation and collaboration are critical to collect, characterize, and use CWR in anticipation of future production needs. Both ex situ and in situ preservation of wild potato species are essential to assure a comprehensive conservation plan. Top priorities include a coordinated inventory of gene bank holdings followed by re‐collection of CWR and new collection where gaps exist. Access to CWR genetic diversity will continue to be critical as breeders face the challenge of developing cultivars that fit into new production systems, especially in response to climate change. With the advent of the genomics era, new visions of germplasm use strategies are emerging. In addition to filling gaps in collections, it will be important to expand efforts to characterize and use potato CWR. A systematic and integrated strategy is needed to evaluate CWR in gene banks for traits to continue breeding progress.
American Society of Nephrology Quiz and Questionnaire 2012
Authors: Brennan Daniel C. , Glassock Richard J. , Bleyer Anthony J. 
Published: March 2013

Summary
Presentation of the Nephrology Quiz and Questionnaire has become an annual tradition at the meetings of the American Society of Nephrology. It is a very popular session, as judged by consistently large attendance. Members of the audience test their knowledge and judgment on a series of case-oriented questions prepared and discussed by experts. They can also compare their answers in real time, using audience response devices, to those of program directors of nephrology training programs in the United States, acquired through an Internet-based questionnaire. Topics presented here include fluid and electrolyte disorders, transplantation, and ESRD and dialysis. Cases representing each of these categories, along with single-best-answer questions, were prepared by a panel of experts (Drs. Palmer, Fervenza, Brennan, and Mehrotra, respectively). The correct and incorrect answers were briefly discussed after the audience responses, and the results of the questionnaire were displayed. This article recapitulates the session and reproduces its educational value for a larger audience—that of the readers of the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. Have fun.
The Relationship of Age, Race, and Ethnicity with Survival in Dialysis Patients
Authors: Yan Guofen , Norris Keith C. , Yu Alison J. , Ma Jennie Z. , Greene Tom , Yu Wei , Cheung Alfred K. 
Published: March 2013

Summary

Background and objectives
Reports on the racial and ethnic differences in dialysis patient survival rates have been inconsistent. The literature suggests that these survival differences may be modified by age as well as categorizing white race as inclusive of Hispanic ethnicity. The goal of this study was to better understand these associations by examining survival among US dialysis patients by age, ethnicity, and race.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Between 1995 and 2009, 1,282,201 incident dialysis patients ages 18 years or older were identified in the United States Renal Data System. Dialysis survival was compared among non-Hispanic blacks, non-Hispanic whites, and Hispanics overall and stratified by seven age groups.

Results
The median duration of follow-up was 22.3 months. Compared with non-Hispanic whites, a lower mortality risk was seen in Hispanics in all age groups. Consequently, when Hispanic patients were excluded from the white race, the mortality rates in white race all increased. Using non-Hispanic whites as the reference, a significantly lower mortality risk for non-Hispanic blacks was consistently observed in all age groups above 30 years (unadjusted hazard ratios ranged from 0.70 to 0.87; all P<0.001). In the 18- to 30-years age group, there remained an increased mortality risk in blacks versus non-Hispanic whites after adjustment for case mix (adjusted hazard ratio=1.19, 95% confidence interval=1.13–1.25).

Conclusions
The mortality risk was lowest in Hispanics, intermediate in non-Hispanic blacks, and highest in non-Hispanic whites. This pattern generally holds in all age groups except for the 18- to 30-years group, where the adjusted mortality rate for non-Hispanic blacks exceeds the adjusted mortality rate of non-Hispanic whites.