bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online lifestyle consumption community dynamics: A practice‐based analysis
Authors: Närvänen Elina , Kartastenpää Elina , Kuusela Hannu 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThe purposes of this study were to identify and categorize the discursive practices through which consumers negotiate a lifestyle‐related identity in online lifestyle consumption communities. The empirical case is a very active community of consumers who adhere to the low‐carb/high‐fat diet. The paper contributes to communal consumption literature by showing how a lifestyle identity and the community evolve together. Focusing on an online community with lifestyle focus differentiates this study from previous research because nutritional choices influence the consumers' everyday life in a comprehensive manner. By employing a netnographic analysis on discussion board messages, 11 discursive practices are identified. These practices are categorized according to confirming/challenging and self‐directed/community‐directed dimensions. The paper provides a typology of online community dynamics, emphasizing the importance of challenging practices for community development. It also has important implications for companies who wish to understand food lifestyles and develop online platforms for their customers.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bismuth Tri‐ and Tetraarylcarboxylates: Crystal Structures, In Situ X‐ray Diffraction, Intermediates and Luminescence
Authors: Feyand Mark , Köppen Milan , Friedrichs Gernot , Stock Norbert 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA systematic investigation of the systems Bi3+/carboxylic acid/HNO3 for the tri‐ and tetracarboxylic acids pyromellitic acid (H4Pyr), trimellitic acid (H3Tri) and trimesic acid (H3BTC) acid led to the discovery of five new bismuth carboxylates. Structural characterisation allowed the influence of the linker geometry and the Bi3+:linker molar ratio in the starting solution on the crystal structure to be determined. The crystallisation of three selected compounds was investigated by in situ energy‐dispersive X‐ray diffraction. Three new crystalline intermediates were observed within minutes, and two of them could be isolated by quenching of the reaction mixture. Their crystal structures were determined from laboratory and synchrotron X‐ray powder diffraction data and allowed a possible reaction pathway to be established. In depth characterisation of the luminescence properties of the three bismuth pyromellate compounds was carried out. Fluorescence and phosphorescence could be assigned to (mainly) ligand‐ and metal‐based transitions. The polymorphs of Bi(HPyr) exhibit different luminescence properties, although their structures are very similar. Surprisingly, doping of the three host structures with Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions was only successful for one of the polymorphs.
Determination of the Enantiomeric Purity of the Antiasthmatic Drug Montelukast by Means of 1H NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Redondo Jordi , Capdevila Anna , Ciudad Sonia 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTIn order to define an enantioselective nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method for the antiasthmatic drug montelukast, a series of nine easily available products were evaluated as NMR chiral solvating agents (CSAs): D‐dibenzoyltartaric acid, D‐ditoluoyltartaric acid, (+)‐camphorsulfonic acid, (S)‐BINOL, (S)‐3,3’‐diphenyl‐2,2’‐binaphthyl‐1,1’‐diol, (R)‐3,3'′‐di‐9‐anthracenyl‐1,1'′‐bi‐2‐naphthol, (R)‐3,3'′‐di‐9‐phenanthrenyl‐1,1'′‐bi‐2‐naphthol, Pirkle's alcohol, and (−)‐cinchonidine. It was proved that most of the studied agents constitute diastereomeric complexes with both drug enantiomers in CD2Cl2 or CDCl3 solutions, thus permitting the direct 1H NMR detection of the unwanted S‐enantiomer, even at levels of 0.75%. (−)‐Cinchonidine was found to be the more convenient CSA in terms of NMR enantiodiscrimination power and ease of experimental requirements. The final method was validated and applied to the fast monitoring of the optical purity of montelukast “in‐process” samples, circumventing the need for tedious and slower analytical procedures like enantioselective chromatography or capillary electrophoresis. In addition, a method for the enantiopurity control of the commercial drug (montelukast sodium salt) was also established using (S)‐BINOL as NMR CSA. Chirality 25: 780–786, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Morphology and ultrastructure of medial rectus subgroup motoneurons in the macaque monkey
Authors: Erichsen Jonathan T. , Wright Nicholas F. , May Paul J. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThere are two muscle fiber types in extraocular muscles: those receiving a single motor endplate, termed singly innervated fibers (SIFs), and those receiving multiple small terminals along their length, termed multiply innervated fibers (MIFs). In monkeys, these two fiber types receive input from different motoneuron pools: SIF motoneurons found within the extraocular motor nuclei, and MIF motoneurons found along their periphery. For the monkey medial rectus muscle, MIF motoneurons are found in the C‐group, while SIF motoneurons lie in the A‐ and B‐groups. We analyzed the somatodendritic morphology and ultrastructure of these three subgroups of macaque medial rectus motoneurons to better understand the structural determinants controlling the two muscle fiber types. The dendrites of A‐ and B‐group motoneurons lay within the oculomotor nucleus, but those of the C‐group motoneurons were located outside the nucleus, and extended into the preganglionic Edinger–Westphal nucleus. A‐ and B‐group motoneurons were very similar ultrastructurally. In contrast, C‐group motoneurons displayed significantly fewer synaptic contacts on their somata and proximal dendrites, and those contacts were smaller in size and lacked dense‐cored vesicles. However, the synaptic structure of C‐group distal dendrites was quite similar to that observed for A‐ and B‐group motoneurons. Our anatomical findings suggest that C‐group MIF motoneurons have different physiological properties than A‐ and B‐group SIF motoneurons, paralleling their different muscle fiber targets. Moreover, primate C‐group motoneurons have evolved a special relationship with the preganglionic Edinger–Westphal nucleus, suggesting these motoneurons play an important role in near triad convergence to support increased near work requirements. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:626–641, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cross‐modal reorganization of cortical afferents to dorsal auditory cortex following early‐ and late‐onset deafness
Authors: Kok Melanie A. , Chabot Nicole , Lomber Stephen G. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTCat auditory cortex is known to undergo cross‐modal reorganization following deafness, such that behavioral advantages in visual motion detection are abolished when a specific region of deaf auditory cortex, the dorsal zone (DZ), is deactivated. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the connectional adaptations that might subserve this plasticity. We deposited biotinylated dextran amine (BDA; 3,000 MW), a retrograde tracer, unilaterally into the posterior portion of the suprasylvian fringe, corresponding to area DZ of hearing, early‐deafened (onset <1 month), and late‐deafened (onset >3 months) cats to reveal cortical afferent projections. Overall, the pattern of cortical projections to DZ was similar in both hearing and deafened animals. However, there was a progressive increase in projection strength among hearing and late‐ and early‐deafened cats from an extrastriate visual cortical region known to be involved in the processing of visual motion, the posterolateral lateral suprasylvian area (PLLS). Additionally, although no such change was documented for the posteromedial lateral suprasylvian area (PMLS), labeled neurons were present within a subregion of PMLS devoted to foveal vision in both late‐ and early‐deafened animals but not in hearing controls. PMLS is also an extrastriate visual motion processing area and is widely considered to be the homolog of primate middle temporal area. No changes in auditory cortical connectivity were observed among groups. These observations suggest that amplified cortical projections from extrastriate visual areas involved in visual motion processing to DZ may contribute to the cross‐modal reorganization that functionally manifests as superior visual motion detection ability in the deaf animal. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:654–675, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Subcellular localization of intercellular adhesion molecule‐5 (telencephalin) in the visual cortex is not developmentally regulated in the absence of matrix metalloproteinase‐9
Authors: Kelly Emily A. , Tremblay Marie‐Eve , Gahmberg Carl G. , Tian Li , Majewska Ania K. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThe telencephalon‐associated intercellular adhesion molecule‐5 (telencephalin; ICAM‐5) regulates dendritic morphology in the developing brain. In vitro studies have shown that ICAM‐5 is found predominantly within dendrites and immature dendritic protrusions, with reduced expression in mushroom spines, suggesting that ICAM‐5 downregulation is critical for the maturation of synaptic structures. However, developmental expression of ICAM‐5 has not been explored in depth at the ultrastructural level in intact brain tissue. To investigate the ultrastructural localization of ICAM‐5 with transmission electron microscopy, we performed immunoperoxidase histochemistry for ICAM‐5 in mouse visual cortex at postnatal day (P)14, a period of intense synaptogenesis, and at P28, when synapses mature. We observed the expected ICAM‐5 expression in dendritic protrusions and shafts at both P14 and P28. ICAM‐5 expression in these dendritic protrusions decreased in prevalence with developmental age to become localized predominantly to dendritic shafts by P28. To understand better the relationship between ICAM‐5 and the endopeptidase metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9), which mediates ICAM‐5 cleavage following glutamate activation during postnatal development, we also explored ICAM‐5 expression in MMP‐9 null animals. This analysis revealed a similar expression of ICAM‐5 in dendritic elements at P14 and P28; however, an increased prevalence of ICAM‐5 was noted in dendritic protrusions at P28 in the MMP‐9 null animals, indicating that, in the absence of MMP‐9, there is no developmental shift in ICAM‐5 subcellular localization. Our ultrastructural observations shed light on possible functions mediated by ICAM‐5 and their regulation by extracellular proteases. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:676–688, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Topographic organization of orbitofrontal projections to the parahippocampal region in rats
Authors: Kondo Hideki , Witter Menno P. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThe parahippocampal region, which comprises the perirhinal, postrhinal, and entorhinal cortices, as well as the pre‐ and parasubiculum, receives inputs from several association cortices and provides the major cortical input to the hippocampus. This study examined the topographic organization of projections from the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) to the parahippocampal region in rats by injecting anterograde tracers, biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) and Phaseolus vulgaris‐leucoagglutinin (PHA‐L), into four subdivisions of OFC. The rostral portion of the perirhinal cortex receives strong projections from the medial (MO), ventral (VO), and ventrolateral (VLO) orbitofrontal areas and the caudal portion of lateral orbitofrontal area (LO). These projections terminate in the dorsal bank and fundus of the rhinal sulcus. In contrast, the postrhinal cortex receives a strong projection specifically from VO. All four subdivisions of OFC give rise to projections to the dorsolateral parts of the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC), preferentially distributing to more caudal levels of LEC. The medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) receives moderate input from VO and weak projections from MO, VLO, and LO. The presubiculum receives strong projections from caudal VO but only weak projections from other OFC regions. As for the laminar distribution of projections, axons originating from OFC terminate more densely in upper layers (layers I–III) than in deep layers in the parahippocampal region. These results thus show a striking topographic organization of OFC‐to‐parahippocampal connectivity. Whereas LO, VLO, VO, and MO interact with perirhinal–LEC circuits, the interactions with postrhinal cortex, presubiculum, and MEC are mediated predominantly through the projections of VO. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:772–793, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Digital atlas of the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) brain: A high‐resolution photo atlas
Authors: Karten Harvey J. , Brzozowska‐Prechtl Agnieszka , Lovell Peter V. , Tang Daniel D. , Mello Claudio V. , Wang Haibin , Mitra Partha P. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTWe describe a set of new comprehensive, high‐quality, high‐resolution digital images of histological sections from the brain of male zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) and make them publicly available through an interactive website (http://zebrafinch.brainarchitecture.org/). These images provide a basis for the production of a dimensionally accurate and detailed digital nonstereotaxic atlas. Nissl‐ and myelin‐stained brain sections are provided in the transverse, sagittal, and horizontal planes, with the transverse plane approximating the more traditional Frankfurt plane. In addition, a separate set of brain sections in this same plane is stained for tyrosine hydroxylase, revealing the distribution of catecholaminergic neurons (dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and adrenergic) in the songbird brain. For a subset of sagittal sections we also prepared a corresponding set of drawings, defining and annotating various nuclei, fields, and fiber tracts that are visible under Nissl and myelin staining. This atlas of the zebra finch brain is expected to become an important tool for birdsong research and comparative studies of brain organization and evolution. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:3702–3715, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Are all osteocytes equal? Multiscale modelling of cortical bone to characterise the mechanical stimulation of osteocytes
Authors: Vaughan Ted J. , Verbruggen Stefaan W. , McNamara Laoise M. 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYBone continuously adapts its internal structure to accommodate the functional demands of its mechanical environment. This process is orchestrated by a network of mechanosensitive osteocytes that respond to external mechanical signals and recruit osteoblasts and osteoclasts to alter bone mass to meet loading demands. Because of the irregular hierarchical microarchitecture of bone tissue, the precise mechanical stimuli experienced by osteocytes located in different regions of the tissue is not well‐understood. The objective of this study is to characterise the local stimulus experienced by osteocytes distributed throughout the tissue structure. Our models predict that an inhomogeneous microstructural strain field contributes to osteocytes receiving vastly different stimuli at the cellular level, depending on their location within the microstructure. In particular, osteocytes located directly adjacent to micropores experienced strain amplifications in their processes of up to nine times the applied global strain. Furthermore, it was found that the principal orientation of lamellar regions was found to contribute significantly to the magnitude of the stimulus being received at the cellular level. These findings indicate that osteocytes are not equal in terms of the mechanical stimulus being received, and we propose that only a subset of osteocytes may be sufficiently stimulated to function as mechanoreceptors. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamics of survival of motor neuron (SMN) protein interaction with the mRNA‐binding protein IMP1 facilitates its trafficking into motor neuron axons
Authors: Fallini Claudia , Rouanet Jeremy P. , Donlin‐Asp Paul G. , Guo Peng , Zhang Honglai , Singer Robert H. , Rossoll Wilfried , Bassell Gary J. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a lethal neurodegenerative disease specifically affecting spinal motor neurons. SMA is caused by the homozygous deletion or mutation of the survival of motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. The SMN protein plays an essential role in the assembly of spliceosomal ribonucleoproteins. However, it is still unclear how low levels of the ubiquitously expressed SMN protein lead to the selective degeneration of motor neurons. An additional role for SMN in the regulation of the axonal transport of mRNA‐binding proteins (mRBPs) and their target mRNAs has been proposed. Indeed, several mRBPs have been shown to interact with SMN, and the axonal levels of few mRNAs, such as the β‐actin mRNA, are reduced in SMA motor neurons. In this study we have identified the β‐actin mRNA‐binding protein IMP1/ZBP1 as a novel SMN‐interacting protein. Using a combination of biochemical assays and quantitative imaging techniques in primary motor neurons, we show that IMP1 associates with SMN in individual granules that are actively transported in motor neuron axons. Furthermore, we demonstrate that IMP1 axonal localization depends on SMN levels, and that SMN deficiency in SMA motor neurons leads to a dramatic reduction of IMP1 protein levels. In contrast, no difference in IMP1 protein levels was detected in whole brain lysates from SMA mice, further suggesting neuron specific roles of SMN in IMP1 expression and localization. Taken together, our data support a role for SMN in the regulation of mRNA localization and axonal transport through its interaction with mRBPs such as IMP1. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 74: 319–332, 2014
Tris(cyclometalated) Iridium(III) Phosphorescent Complexes with 2‐Phenylthiazole‐Type Ligands: Synthesis, Photophysical, Redox and Electrophosphorescent Behavior
Authors: Yao Chunliang , Jiao Bo , Yang Xiaolong , Xu Xianbin , Dang Jingshuang , Zhou Guijiang , Wu Zhaoxin , Lv Xingqiang , Zeng Yi , Wong Wai‐Yeung 
Published: July 2013

AbstractTris(cyclometalated) iridium(III) phosphorescent emitters with 2‐phenylthiazole‐type ligands have been designed and synthesized. Their photophysical properties, electrochemical behavior and electroluminescent (EL) performance can be influenced by introducing fluorine atoms to the phenyl moiety of the thiazole‐based ligands. The phosphorescent emission maxima can be shifted from 546 nm to 517 nm by increasing the number of the fluorine atoms attached to the ligands of the iridium(III) complexes. Furthermore, the HOMO levels for these phosphorescent complexes exhibit a gradual decrease from –5.28 eV to –5.59 eV with the introduction of fluorine atoms. Owing to the character of their electronic structures, the phosphorescent emitters are preferentially excited by means of a host‐guest energy‐transfer process in the organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). Accordingly, their EL performance is strictly restricted by the triplet energy level difference between the phosphorescent dopant and the host materials. The thiazole‐based cyclometalated iridium(III) triplet emitters can exhibit maximum EL efficiencies with ηext = 7.87 %, ηL = 23.62 cd A–1 and ηp = 13.46 lm W–1.
New biobased epoxy materials from cardanol
Authors: Jaillet Fanny , Darroman Emilie , Ratsimihety Amédée , Auvergne Rémi , Boutevin Bernard , Caillol Sylvain 
Published: July 2013

Commercial epoxidized cardanol, from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), is a biobased epoxide reactant with interesting aromatic structure. Epoxidized cardanol was thoroughly analyzed using 1H and 13C NMR, size exclusion chromatography, and titration in order to determine the structure. This epoxidized cardanol was reacted with isophorone diamine and Jeffamine D400 diamine in order to synthesize epoxy networks. These epoxy networks, formulated in stoichiometry ratio, were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis analyses and were compared to bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) network. Cardanol‐based epoxy materials exhibit interesting mechanical and thermal properties for coatings.Practical application: The reactant described in this contribution, i.e. epoxidized cardanol from CNSL, provides biobased aromatic building blocks for further epoxy resin syntheses by reaction with amine hardeners. The obtained epoxy networks are partially biobased and may be applied as binders and coatings.
Solution Phase and Nanoparticular Biosynthetically Inspired Interconnections in the Canthin‐6‐one β‐Carboline Series and Study of Phenotypic Properties on C. elegans
Authors: Cebrián‐Torrejón Gerardo , Mackiewicz Nicolas , Vázquez‐Manrique Rafael P. , Fournet Alain , Figadère Bruno , Nicolas Julien , Poupon Erwan 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBased on the biosynthetic line of canthin‐6‐one alkaloids from their simple precursors such as tryptamine, the present work is focused on the study of alternative protocol of the Bischler‐Napieralski reaction and has led to a full coverage of the different biosynthetic intermediates. Nanoparticles were also prepared as mimics of biosynthetic assembly lines and some interesting biological results in term of chemical ecology are also reported.
Efficient radio resource management algorithms in opportunistic cognitive radio networks
Authors: Bourdena Athina , Pallis Evangelos , Kormentzas Georgios , Mastorakis George 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTCognitive radio (CR) bands following an interference‐free opportunistic manner. However, introduction of CR networks creates new challenges that are highly related to the fluctuation of TVWS, as they vary over time and location, as well as issues related to diverse Quality of Service requirements. In this context, this paper proposes two radio resource management (RRM) algorithms, enabling for the opportunistic exploitation of TVWS in a centralised CR networking architecture. Efficient administration of radio spectrum resources is achieved, by exploiting a novel RRM framework, adopted in a spectrum broker, which is in charge to effectively orchestrate the available wireless networking resources. Efficient RRM algorithms performance, as a matter of maximum‐possible spectrum broker benefit and radio spectrum utilisation, as well as minimum‐possible spectrum fragmentation is evaluated, by considering a fixed‐price and an auction‐based optimization approach. Experimental tests that were conducted under controlled simulation conditions, confirmed the validity of both RRM algorithms adopted in the proposed CR networking architecture, identifying fields for further research and experimentation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.