bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D MR fingerprinting for dynamic contrast‐enhanced imaging of whole mouse brain
Authors: Zhu Yuran , Wang Guanhua , Gu Yuning , Zhao Walter , Lu Jiahao , Zhu Junqing , MacAskill Christina J. , Dupuis Andrew , Griswold Mark A. , Ma Dan , Flask Chris A. , Yu Xin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeQuantitative MRI enables direct quantification of contrast agent concentrations in contrast‐enhanced scans. However, the lengthy scan times required by conventional methods are inadequate for tracking contrast agent transport dynamically in mouse brain. We developed a 3D MR fingerprinting (MRF) method for simultaneous T1 and T2 mapping across the whole mouse brain with 4.3‐min temporal resolution.MethodWe designed a 3D MRF sequence with variable acquisition segment lengths and magnetization preparations on a 9.4T preclinical MRI scanner. Model‐based reconstruction approaches were employed to improve the accuracy and speed of MRF acquisition. The method's accuracy for T1 and T2 measurements was validated in vitro, while its repeatability of T1 and T2 measurements was evaluated in vivo (n = 3). The utility of the 3D MRF sequence for dynamic tracking of intracisternally infused gadolinium‐diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd‐DTPA) in the whole mouse brain was demonstrated (n = 5).ResultsPhantom studies confirmed accurate T1 and T2 measurements by 3D MRF with an undersampling factor of up to 48. Dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRF scans achieved a spatial resolution of 192 × 192 × 500 μm3 and a temporal resolution of 4.3 min, allowing for the analysis and comparison of dynamic changes in concentration and transport kinetics of intracisternally infused Gd‐DTPA across brain regions. The sequence also enabled highly repeatable, high‐resolution T1 and T2 mapping of the whole mouse brain (192 × 192 × 250 μm3) in 30 min.ConclusionWe present the first dynamic and multi‐parametric approach for quantitatively tracking contrast agent transport in the mouse brain using 3D MRF.
Abdominal MR Multitasking for radiotherapy treatment planning: A motion‐resolved and multicontrast 3D imaging approach
Authors: Chen Junzhou , Christodoulou Anthony G. , Han Pei , Xiao Jiayu , Han Fei , Hu Zhehao , Wang Nan , Han Hui , Ling Diane C. , Chang Eric L. , Feng Mary , Scholey Jessica E. , Cui Sophia , Li Debiao , Yang Wensha , Fan Zhaoyang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeRadiotherapy treatment planning (RTP) using MR has been used increasingly for the abdominal site. Multiple contrast weightings and motion‐resolved imaging are desired for accurate delineation of the target and various organs‐at‐risk and patient‐tailored planning. Current MR protocols achieve these through multiple scans with distinct contrast and variable respiratory motion management strategies and acquisition parameters, leading to a complex and inaccurate planning process. This study presents a standalone MR Multitasking (MT)–based technique to produce volumetric, motion‐resolved, multicontrast images for abdominal radiotherapy treatment planning.MethodsThe MT technique resolves motion and provides a wide range of contrast weightings by repeating a magnetization‐prepared (saturation recovery and T2 preparations) spoiled gradient‐echo readout series and adopting the MT image reconstruction framework. The performance of the technique was assessed through digital phantom simulations and in vivo studies of both healthy volunteers and patients with liver tumors.ResultsIn the digital phantom study, the MT technique presented structural details and motion in excellent agreement with the digital ground truth. The in vivo studies showed that the motion range was highly correlated (R2 = 0.82) between MT and 2D cine imaging. MT allowed for a flexible contrast‐weighting selection for better visualization. Initial clinical testing with interobserver analysis demonstrated acceptable target delineation quality (Dice coefficient = 0.85 ± 0.05, Hausdorff distance = 3.3 ± 0.72 mm).ConclusionThe developed MT‐based, abdomen‐dedicated technique is capable of providing motion‐resolved, multicontrast volumetric images in a single scan, which may facilitate abdominal radiotherapy treatment planning.
Amphiphilic pluronic F68 biomaterial augmented oral bioavailability and anticancer activity of genistein in lung cancer treatment
Authors: Narayan Harihar , Jangid Ashok Kumar , Sharma Jiten R. , Verma Rohit , Yadav Umesh C. S. , Kulhari Hitesh , Singh Prem Prakash 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMany phyto‐based drugs available suffer from adverse effects due to their lack of water solubility and poor bioavailability after oral administration. Genistein (Gen) is a plant‐derived isoflavone that possesses potent bioactive activity, including antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, proapoptotic, and antiproliferative properties against cancer cells. However, due to its poor aqueous solubility and restricted bioavailability, its potential therapeutic utility is limited. Among various strategies, nanomicelles have played a significant role in enhancing solubility and bioavailability, as well as delivering drugs directly to the site of action. Therefore, our study aims to synthesize SA‐modified PF68 (PF68‐SA) polymer‐based nanomicelles and evaluate their effectiveness in cancer treatment. In brief, the Gen‐loaded PF68‐SA nanomicelles (GNM) were successfully fabricated and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. In vitro cytotoxicity assays performed on human lung A549 cancer cells showed that GNM exhibited higher anticancer effects compared with bolus Gen. Additionally, the observed maximum concentration (Cmax) for GEN suspension and GNM was 1.53 and 3.21 μg/mL, respectively, indicating that GNM was absorbed faster than the suspension formulation. GNM demonstrated enhanced area under the curve (AUC0−t) (16.5 vs. 6.38), half‐life (t1/2) (3.55 vs. 2.49), and mean residence time (5.52 vs. 4.34) compared with pure GEN suspension. Thus, the observed results clearly indicate an improvement in the anticancer activity and bioavailability of GEN after its administration as a nanomicelles formulation.
High‐throughput sequencing of archival cerebrospinal fluid specimens defines B‐lymphoblastic leukemia clonal composition
Authors: Foley Karl , Adlowitz Diana G. , Baker Cameron , Rock Philip J. , Burack Richard , Fries Carol 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDetailed characterization of the B‐lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL) cells which invade the central nervous system (CNS) has been limited by practical challenges. To test whether the clonal composition of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reflects the primary B‐ALL tissue, we applied immunoglobulin (Ig) high‐throughput sequencing (HTS) of archival CSF cytospin preparations from six patients with morphologically defined CNS involvement. We discovered that most CSF clones are detectable at some timepoint in the primary tissue, but that shifting clonal abundance is prevalent across tissue sites between diagnosis and relapse. Ig HTS of CSF cytospins may improve understanding of sanctuary site dissemination in B‐ALL.
Association mapping and candidate gene identification for yield traits in European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.)
Authors: Baytar Asena Akköse , Yanar Ertuğrul Gazi , Frary Anne , Doğanlar Sami 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEuropean hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is an important nut crop due to its nutritional benefits, culinary uses, and economic value. Türkiye is the leading producer of hazelnut, followed by Italy and the United States. Quantitative trait locus studies offer promising opportunities for breeders and geneticists to identify genomic regions controlling desirable traits in hazelnut. A genome‐wide association analysis was conducted with 5,567 single nucleotide polymorphisms on a Turkish core set of 86 hazelnut accessions, revealing 189 quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) associated with 22 of 31 traits (p < 2.9E−07). These QTNs were associated with plant and leaf, phenological, reproductive, nut, and kernel traits. Based on the close physical distance of QTNs associated with the same trait, we identified 23 quantitative trait loci. Furthermore, we identified 23 loci of multiple QTs comprising chromosome locations associated with more than one trait at the same position or in close proximity. A total of 159 candidate genes were identified for 189 QTNs, with 122 of them containing significant conserved protein domains. Some candidate matches to known proteins/domains were highly significant, suggesting that they have similar functions as their matches. This comprehensive study provides valuable insights for the development of breeding strategies and the improvement of hazelnut and enhances the understanding of the genetic architecture of complex traits by proposing candidate genes and potential functions.
The developmental party and the regulatory state in China's Internet governance
Authors: Ma Yi , Liu Chunrong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChina's approach to Internet governance is increasingly perceived as a Party‐centric model, aligning the state under the Chinese Communist Party's (the Party) leadership. The division of labor between the Party and the state in the context of political centralization and Party centrality remains unclear. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by examining the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC), a central player in Internet governance, which also functions as a Party organ under the name of the Office of the Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission (OCCAC). Utilizing a novel data set of policy documents, this study explores how CAC's dual Party‐state status plays out in China's Internet governance. The findings indicate that policies on Internet development are predominantly issued under the Party's name (OCCAC), while regulatory policies concerning the Internet industry are primarily issued under the state's name (CAC). Nevertheless, the Party's nameplate (OCCAC) is increasingly utilized for social regulations related to the Internet sector. These findings present nuanced insights into the practices of China's Internet governance, suggesting a conceptual need to differentiate the roles played by the Party and the state in shaping Internet governance under authoritarianism.
Development of isotactic polypropylene‐based 3D printing materials with good dimensional accuracy and excellent impact properties
Authors: Shen Weixin , Gao Xia , Luo Faliang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe main challenge of fused deposition modeling (FDM) is the limited variety of commercially available semicrystalline polymer materials. Isotactic polypropylene (iPP), with a fast crystallization rate and high crystallinity, tends to undergo extensive volumetric shrinkage during the FDM process, further inducing severe deformation and poor dimensional accuracy in 3D‐printed parts. This study aims to develop desirable iPP‐based materials for the FDM technique through physically blending iPP and thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE). TPEE retards the nonisothermal crystallization ability of iPP, as indicated by the significant decrease in crystallinity (Xc) from 47.7% for neat iPP to 28.5% for the iPP blend at a weight ratio of 30/70. The suppressed crystallization behavior accounts for a drastic decrease in the warpage degree of the 3D‐printed parts. The greater the content of TPEE is, the lower warpage the 3D‐printed parts have. Additionally, the presence of TPEE slightly influences the shear viscosity of iPP. As a result, iPP blends exhibit excellent extrudability during a typical FDM process. TPEE also enhances the impact strength of 3D‐printed parts by 168% compared to that of injection‐molded iPP. Taken together, the iPP blends developed in this work are promising FDM feedstock materials with good dimensional accuracy and excellent impact strength.
Literary evidence of the impact of nonbiological risk factors on CRMS/CFSPID: A scoping review
Authors: Rose Natalie R. , Dabbs S. Garrison , O'Hagan Emma C. , Guimbellot Jennifer S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNewborn screening for cystic fibrosis (CF) occasionally results in an inconclusive diagnosis of this disease, and these individuals are designated as CFTR‐related metabolic syndrome (CRMS) in the United States, and CF Screen Positive Inconclusive Diagnosis (CFSPID) in other countries. Some of these asymptomatic individuals will progress to symptomatic disease, but risk factors associated with disease progression are not well understood. This scoping review was conducted to comprehensively map nonbiological risk factors in the CRMS/CFSPID literature and to identify understudied topics. Six electronic databases were systematically searched, resulting in 2951 studies. Forty nine eligible works were identified as including information on nonbiological risk factors related to CRMS/CFPSID. Eligible studies were published from 2002 to 2024, most prevalently in the United States (36.7%), and as quantitative data (81.6%). Of the 49 eligible works, 23 articles contributed only intellectual conjecture, while 26 articles contained original data, which underwent full‐text qualitative content analysis. Key themes identified in descending order of content coverage included Psychological Impact, Management Care, Newborn Screening and Diagnostics, Communicating Diagnosis, and Lifestyle and External Exposures. This scoping review identified that while nonbiological risk factors are being studied in the CRMS/CFSPID literature, there was nearly equal distribution of works gathering original data to those citing previously published information. These findings indicate a critical need for original data collection on these risk factors, particularly on understudied topics identified herein.
PM2.5 exposure and household income are associated with lung function abnormalities in children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Kelchtermans Jelte , Allen Julian , Bhandari Anita 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRationaleCardiopulmonary dysfunction is a major contributor to mortality among persons with sickle cell disease (pwSCD). Despite this, little is known regarding environmental drivers of lung function decline.ObjectiveWe hypothesized that environmental and socioeconomic variables have a significant effect on lung function in pwSCD that can be detected by spirometry.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed all spirometry results from pwSCD followed in the Pediatric Pulmonology clinic at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia since 1 January 2016.ResultsThe study included 349 spirometry tests from 128 patients, primarily “Black or African American” (88%) and male (61%). More frequent exposure to PM2.5 above 25 μg/m3 was associated with higher odds of obstruction. Specifically, when compared to incidence of exposure to PM2.5 above 25 μg/m3 <25th percentile, both pwSCD exposed to 25th–75th percentile and pwSCD >75th percentile had higher odds of obstruction on spirometry (25th–75th: odds ratio [OR]: 9.6, p = .017; >75th: OR: 31.85, p = .002) despite correction for potential confounders. Similarly, median household income below the mean was associated with higher odds of restriction (OR: 4.37; p = .009).ConclusionsWe report higher odds of obstruction in pwSCD frequently exposed to PM2.5 concentrations above 25 μg/m3 and higher odds of restriction in pwSCD with lower household income. Our findings link spirometry patterns to modifiable risk factors indicating that there may opportunities for early intervention in pwSCD that have been referred to a pulmonology clinic. Further research is needed to assess if these findings can be generalized to the wider population of pwSCD.
Effect of aerobic and resistive exercise on lipid profile and quality of life in overweight breastfeeding women: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Anany Marwa G. , El‐Kosery Soheir M. , Ashmawy Hazem S. El , Osman Doaa A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundBreastfeeding provides benefits for both mothers and babies. However, many women experience postpartum weight gain, unfavorable lipid profiles, and other postpartum problems that can adversely impact their overall quality of life (QoL).ObjectiveTo examine the effect of adding aerobic and resistive exercise to faradic stimulation and nutritional counseling on lipid profile and QoL in overweight breastfeeding women.Subjects and MethodsFifty‐four breastfeeding women were randomly allocated into two equally sized groups. Group A underwent abdominal faradic stimulation along with nutritional counseling for 12 weeks, whereas Group B received identical faradic stimulation and nutritional counseling and engaged in a combined aerobic and resistive exercise program for the same duration. Before and after treatment, the following anthropometric measurements were evaluated: body mass index (BMI), waist‐to‐hip ratio (W/H); lipid profile analysis, such as high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides (TG); and the Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF‐36).ResultsAll outcome measures demonstrated significant improvements within the two groups (p < 0.05). Group B showed more significant reductions in BMI, W/H ratio, and LDL, along with greater significant increases in the SF‐36 domain scores for physical functioning, physical health problems, bodily pain, general health, energy/fatigue, social activity, mental health, and the total SF‐36 score (p < 0.05) compared to group A post‐treatment. However, there were no significant differences in HDL, TG, and the score of the emotional wellbeing domain of the SF‐36 between the groups after treatment (p > 0.05).Conclusion12‐week aerobic and resistive exercise is effective in reducing the BMI, W/H ratio, and LDL levels and enhancing the QoL in overweight breastfeeding women.
Improved Prediction of Stabilizing Mutations in Proteins by Incorporation of Mutational Effects on Ligand Binding
Authors: Ganesan Srivarshini , Mittal Nidhi , Bhat Akash , Adiga Rachana S. , Ganesan Ananthakrishnan , Nagarajan Deepesh , Varadarajan Raghavan 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTWhile many computational methods accurately predict destabilizing mutations, identifying stabilizing mutations has remained a challenge, because of their relative rarity. We tested ΔΔG
0 predictions from computational predictors such as Rosetta, ThermoMPNN, RaSP, and DeepDDG, using 82 mutants of the bacterial toxin CcdB as a test case. On this dataset, the best computational predictor is ThermoMPNN, which identifies stabilizing mutations with a precision of 68%. However, the average increase in T
m for these predicted mutations was only 1°C for CcdB, and predictions were poorer for a more challenging target, influenza neuraminidase. Using data from multiple previously described yeast surface display libraries and in vitro thermal stability measurements, we trained logistic regression models to identify stabilizing mutations with a precision of 90% and an average increase in T
m of 3°C for CcdB. When such libraries contain a population of mutants with significantly enhanced binding relative to the corresponding wild type, there is no benefit in using computational predictors. It is then possible to predict stabilizing mutations without any training, simply by examining the distribution of mutational binding scores. This avoids laborious steps of in vitro expression, purification, and stability characterization. When this is not the case, combining data from computational predictors with high‐throughput experimental binding data enhances the prediction of stabilizing mutations. However, this requires training on stability data measured in vitro with known stabilized mutants. It is thus feasible to predict stabilizing mutations rapidly and accurately for any system of interest that can be subjected to a binding selection or screen.
The effect of curcumin‐piperine supplementation on lipid profile, glycemic index, inflammation, and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertriglyceridemia
Authors: Hosseini Hanie , Bagherniya Mohammad , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Iraj Bijan , Majeed Muhammed , Askari Gholamreza 
Published: August 2024

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance and ensuing dysglycemia, dyslipidemia, and inflammation. Owing to the putative metabolic benefits of curcumin–piperine combination, we explored the efficacy of this combination in improving cardiometabolic indices of patients with T2DM and hypertriglyceridemia. In this double‐blind clinical trial, 72 patients with T2DM and hypertriglyceridemia were randomized to receive either a tablet containing 500 mg of curcuminoids plus 5 mg of piperine, or a matched placebo for 12 weeks. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure, glycemic indices, lipid profile, C‐reactive protein (CRP), quality of life, and mood were evaluated at baseline and end of the study. After 12 weeks of intervention, the levels of triglycerides (p‐value = 0.001) and fasting blood glucose (p‐value = 0.004) were significantly reduced in the curcumin‐piperine compared with the placebo group. CRP levels were marginally reduced in the curcumin–piperine compared with the placebo group (p‐value = 0.081). In addition, energy/fatigue significantly increased in the curcumin–piperine group compared to the control group (p‐value = 0.024). However, between‐group comparisons showed no significant change in other parameters, including anthropometric indices (waist circumference and body mass index (BMI)), biochemical parameters (low‐density lipoprotein (LDL‐c), high‐density lipoprotein (HDL‐c), and insulin), HOMA‐IR, blood pressure, quality of life, and DASS‐21 items between the studied groups (p‐value >0.05). The current study showed that curcumin–piperine supplementation can improve serum CRP, triglycerides, and glucose concentrations in patients with T2DM and hypertriglyceridemia.
An In‐Depth Review on Recent Progress in Synthetic Approaches and Biological Activities of Thiazol‐2(3H)‐Imine Derivatives
Authors: Saleem Arslan , Shabir Ghulam , Rafique Hummera , Saeed Aamer 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis review presents the in‐dept analysis of the synthetic approaches towards thiazol‐2(3H)‐imine and embarks at its various biological properties published during 2000 to 2023. The most important method of synthesis involves the reaction of substituted thioureas and α‐halo carbonyl compounds, and condensation and nucleophilic addition of 2‐amino‐1,3‐thiazoline with aldehydes. Additionally, isothiocyanate‐based multicomponent synthesis, and α‐nitroepoxides have been proved as benign precursors for this motif. Several eco‐friendly and solvent‐free synthesis from diazonium salts, acetylenes, tertiary enaminones and thiosemicarbazides have also been reported. This epitome is a unique combination of synthetic methods as well as biological activities like anti‐inflammatory, anti‐bacterial, anti‐cancer, anti‐leishmanial, anti‐microbial, herbicidal, anti‐HIV, and may be a valuable tool for researchers to tailor the synthetic procedures according to specific target structures and applications. Moreover, this review enlightens the applications of thiazol‐2(3H)‐imine as platelet GPIIB/IIIA receptor antagonists, alkaline phosphatase inhibitors, neurodegenerative drug Pifithrin‐α analogues, and skin whitening agents.