bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis and Integration of Near-Surface Array Microseismic Data from the Haynesville Shale
Authors: Gangopadhyay Abhijit , Malayalam Atif , Lucas Jennifer , Gillham Travis , Liu Shujie , Faz Ignacio , Wirnkar Fabian 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA case study is presented which combines and integrates analyses of microseismic data, production logs, hydraulic fracture treatments, and flow-back performance from four horizontal wells in the Haynesville shale, east Texas. The laterals of the wells are approximately 5,000 ft long, oriented N-S, and each stimulated with twelve stages. Three of the laterals were geo-steered within a 18 ft target window, whereas one was drilled transverse across a 131 ft window. The production logs were run in the transverse lateral to identify zones in the Haynesville that produced the most gas. The microseismic data were obtained using a dense near-surface permanent array spanning ~30 square miles. Based on 1,229 microseismic events, inferred fracture half-lengths range between ~423 ft and ~675 ft. About half the lengths of most of these fractures are contained within the target reservoir interval. Inferred fracture orientations range between ~13° and ~164°, consistent with regional SHmax, thereby supporting our choice of well azimuths. Some of these fractures align with those observed on 3-D seismic based coherency, implying that pre-existing fractures have been activated. Stimulations of northward wells caused less microseismic events, but generated more elongated fractures than southward wells. Additionally, the southward wells with higher microseismic activity implying greater initiation and stimulation of fractures, correlate well with gamma ray log values &lt;~110 gAPI, compared to their northward counterparts, where gamma ray log values in their laterals are predominatly &gt;~110 gAPI, indicating a possible diagnostic of fracture capability, consistent with lithology-based brittleness index. The completions strategy involved pumping resin coated sand in one well, combining that with white sand in others, and stimulating the shortest lateral with the same proppant volume and stages as others. Interpreted production log from the transverse lateral shows that stages near the heel are most productive compared to the first three stages near the toe, leading to an estimate of the effective stimulated rock volume. Overall the study provides multidisciplinary insights into design of future horizontals in the area
Optimising Remote Unconventional Gas Exploration
Authors: Rylance Martin 
Published: January 2013

AbstractExploration and Appraisal of Unconventional gas, in remote areas, brings with it a variety of challenges; which are not normally encountered in established development areas such as North America. These challenges include, higher cost(s), logistical issues, lack of existing infra-structure, limited well numbers to name but a few. This paper will describe some of the important considerations, technology choices and approaches that can be considered in order to optimise such a remote Exploration and Appraisal programme.There are a number of considerations, selections, choices and decisions to be made for an Exploration and Appraisal programme, which can significantly affect the results and outcome when performed in a remote environment. For example, vertical vs. horizontal wells, lower completion technology, stimulation approaches and data gathering choices. Due to a number of unique conditions in remote locations, the optimum decisions are not always obvious, nor always reflect typical practices in established areas and this paper will describe the rationale behind this and the appropriate considerations for various Drilling and Completion aspects.The author will describe, options, considerations and decision making processes based on experience from recent case histories from a number of world-wide Exploration and Appraisal operations in unconventional gas. The paper will attempt to indicate the relative importance and value associated with these decisions and their impact on the potential success of an Exploration and Appraisal programme.Unconventional gas Exploration and Appraisal programmes can be challenging to progress in established areas; and this can be compounded by several orders of magnitude when operating in a remote environment. The requirements for establishing unconventional resource assessment can be somewhat different to conventional approaches and an Appraisal programme should take this into account. This paper summarises a number of key lessons learned from a worldwide selection of Unconventional operations and distils them into a philosophy that promotes and encourages success.
Innovative Acquisition and Processing of Low Signal-To-Noise 3D Land Seismic Data, Leads to a Leap in Subsurface Understanding. A Case History from Eastern Jordan.
Authors: Pearse Chris , Adams Nicola , Bateman Philip , Bouska Jack , Duque Carlos , Gravestock Martyn , Stone Johnathan 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
In January 2010 BP Exploration Jordan Ltd signed an agreement with the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the National Petroleum Company (NPC) to explore and appraise the 7,200 sq km Risha Concession. The concession, in the desert of Eastern Jordan, bordering Iraq, Syria and Saudi Arabia contains the partially developed Risha Gas Field. This has historically been a poor seismic data quality area, mostly due to a complex and variably karstified near-surface. There was a sparse coverage of heritage 2D lines and two 3D surveys covering just 5% of the concession and a strong need for a large areal coverage of improved quality 3D seismic data. New and cost-effective techniques in acquisition and processing have been deployed to address the seismic coverage and quality issues, and during 2010 to 2012, a ~5000 sq km Simultaneous Source Seismic (DS3) survey was acquired and processed. The high-density wide-azimuth acquisition was carried out in a time and cost-efficient way. Following innovative acquisition and processing techniques to address the extreme scattered noise problem, high quality seismic attribute products have allowed insights into lithology and potential fracture distribution for the first time in the area. In this paper we discuss the acquisition, processing and analysis that have allowed the data quality improvement and the impact on reservoir interpretation.
Interpretation of Reservoir Flow Regimes and Analysis of Welltest Data in Hydraulically Fractured Unconventional Oil and Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Bahrami Hassan , Siavoshi Jamal 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Welltest interpretation requires diagnosis of reservoir flow regimes to determine the basic reservoir characteristics. In hydraulically fractured unconventional oil and reservoirs, the reservoir flow regimes may not clearly be revealed on diagnostic plots of transient pressure and its derivative due to extensive wellbore storage effect, fracture characteristics, and also heterogeneity and complexity of reservoir. Thus, use of conventional welltest analysis in interpreting the limited acquired data may fail to provide reliable results, causing erroneous outcomes. To overcome such issues, transient analysis techniques that utilize higher order pressure derivatives integrated with rate transient analysis (RTA) can reduce uncertainties associated with welltest analysis and provide better estimate of the reservoir and hydraulic fractures dynamic parameters. This paper illustrates the reservoir flow regimes in non-fractured and hydraulically fractured unconventional reservoirs, proposes welltesting and interpretation methodologies, and presents field examples in order to show how the hydraulic fracture size and the permeability of the stimulated reservoir volume can estimated for hydraulically fractured unconventional gas reservoirs.
Weak relatively uniform convergences on MV-algebras
Authors: Černák Štefan , Jakubík Ján 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Weak relatively uniform convergences (wru-convergences, for short) in lattice ordered groups have been investigated in previous authors’ papers. In the present article, the analogous notion for MV-algebras is studied. The system s(A) of all wru-convergences on an MV-algebra A is considered; this system is partially ordered in a natural way. Assuming that the MV-algebra A is divisible, we prove that s(A) is a Brouwerian lattice and that there exists an isomorphism of s(A) into the system s(G) of all wru-convergences on the lattice ordered group G corresponding to the MV-algebra A. Under the assumption that the MV-algebra A is archimedean and divisible, we investigate atoms and dual atoms in the system s(A).
Effects of Additional Amount of Carbon Micro-Coils on the Electrical Properties of Carbon Micro-Coils Composite Sheet as a Tactile Sensor
Authors: Nessa Meherun , Motojima S 
Published: January 2013

The morphology and electrical properties, tactile sensing properties of carbon micro-coils (CMC) composite sheet were examined. Frequency dependence of electrical parameters; inductance (L), capacitance (C) and impedance (Z) were measured on single and double-helix composite sheets. It was found that these parameters of carbon micro-coils/polysilicone composites extensively changed with the additional amount of CMC with polysilicone resine. It was also observed that the higher additional amount (0 - 10 wt%) of CMC is appropriate for high sensitivity as a tactile sensor. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v36i2.12961 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 2, 177-186, 2012
Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Vibrio Species Isolated From Brackish Water Shrimp Culture Environment
Authors: Hossain M S , Aktaruzzaman M , Fakhruddin A N M , Uddin M J , Rahman S H , Chowdhury M A Z , Alam M K 
Published: January 2013

A comparative study regarding prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Vibrio species in the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fabricius) culture environment as well as market samples were analyzed. Total Vibrio counts were found to range up to 2.5 × 103 cfu/gm and 60 cfu/gm in shrimp and Gher water samples, respectively. Results revealed that the total vibrio count were found to be higher in samples taking from the market shops in Dhaka city than Gher shrimp samples and the live shrimps were not contaminated with Vibrio species but dead shrimps were found contaminated, which were collected from shrimp Gher. In the antimicrobial susceptibility test, highest 28.57% resistance among total Vibrio isolates was observed to penicillin and cephalexin. Among the seven isolates of Vibrio species from Gher water sample one isolate displayed multi-drug resistance (MDR). The main reason of antibiotic resistance could be the indiscriminate application of antibiotics in shrimp farming and release of shrimp pond effluent to estuarine ecosystems or post harvest contamination of shrimps with the antibiotic resistant bacteria through the environment and human handling. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v36i2.12964 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 2, 213-220, 2012
L'agriculture familiale au Brésil
Authors: Roux Bernard 
Published: January 2013

Résumé Au Brésil, dont l’agriculture est trop souvent résumée à son impressionnant agrobusiness, une masse d’agriculteurs peu dotés en facteurs de production et mettant en œuvre la force de travail familiale a, de tout temps, été présente dans la structure agraire. Or, depuis peu, celle-ci retient l’attention des pouvoirs publics, après avoir subi un « oubli » de plusieurs siècles. L’article se divise en trois parties. Dans la première partie, cette forme d’agriculture de « petite production » est observée au cours de l’histoire agraire brésilienne, pour comprendre ses vicissitudes sur le temps long et montrer comment s’est créée sa situation « subalterne ». Dans la deuxième partie, est caractérisée cette agriculture, désignée actuellement comme « familiale » et sont indiquées les circonstances récentes qui ont conduit à son institutionnalisation. Dans la troisième partie est présenté le contenu des politiques publiques dont elle bénéficie.
Des agriculteurs contre le marché ? Itinéraire d'un mode alternatif de commercialisation des fruits et légumes
Authors: Samak Madlyne 
Published: January 2013

Résumé Cet article interroge la façon dont une pratique alternative de commercialisation des fruits et légumes bien connue des sciences sociales — les Associations pour le maintien d’une agriculture paysanne (AMAP) — s’est développée dans un espace géographique limité — l’extrême Sud-Est de la France. L’étude sur le temps long des appropriations différenciées de cette innovation sociale et commerciale par les agriculteurs, permet de mettre en évidence et d’expliquer son « itinéraire ». Ainsi, des premières AMAP (nommées comme telles) aux systèmes de paniers qui se développent aujourd’hui, la dimension non marchande de la transaction semble avoir disparu. Parmi les explications qui sont traitées ici, on trouve la diversification des profils sociologiques des agriculteurs qui commercialisent en AMAP, et les transformations des conditions de mise en marché des produits issus de l’agriculture biologique.
AGROCHEMICALS IN FIELD MARGINS—ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF HERBICIDES, INSECTICIDES, AND FERTILIZER ON THE COMMON BUTTERCUP (RANUNCULUS ACRIS)
Authors: Schmitz Juliane , Schäfer Karoline , Brühl Carsten A. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

The effects of herbicide, insecticide, and fertilizer inputs on the common buttercup Ranunculus acris in field margins were studied in an experimental field study. The test design allowed us to investigate the single and combined effects of repeated herbicide, insecticide, and fertilizer applications in successive growing seasons. To assess the effects of the agrochemical applications on R. acris, plant community assessments were carried out and a photodocumentation of the flowering intensity was performed over two years. In addition, the authors conducted a monitoring survey of R. acris in field margins in the proximity of the study site. In the field experiment, R. acris plant density decreased significantly with treatments including fertilizer. The herbicide caused a sublethal effect by reducing flower intensity by 85%. In the long run, both effects will result in a decline of R. acris and lead to shifts in plant communities in field margins. This was confirmed by the monitoring survey, where R. acris could hardly be observed in field margins directly adjacent to cereal fields, whereas in margins next to meadows the species was recorded frequently. Besides the implications for the plants, the sublethal effects may also affect many flower-visiting insects. The results indicate that the current risk assessment for nontarget plants is insufficiently protective for wild plant species in field margins and that consideration of sublethal effects is crucial to preserve biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:1124–1131. © 2013 SETAC
EFFECT PROPAGATION IN A TOXICOKINETIC/TOXICODYNAMIC MODEL EXPLAINS DELAYED EFFECTS ON THE GROWTH OF UNICELLULAR GREEN ALGAE SCENEDESMUS VACUOLATUS
Authors: Vogs Carolina , Bandow Nicole , Altenburger Rolf 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Ecotoxicological standard tests assess toxic effects by exposing an organism to high concentrations over defined periods of time. To evaluate toxicity under field conditions such as fluctuating and pulsed exposures, process-based toxicokinetic/toxicodynamic (TK/TD) models may be used for extrapolation from the existing evidence. A TK/TD model was developed that simulates the effect on growth of the green algae Scenedesmus vacuolatus continuously exposed to the model chemicals norflurazon, triclosan, and N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine. A pharmacological time–response model describing the effects of anticancer treatments on cancer cell growth was adapted and modified to model the affected growth of synchronized algae cells. The TK/TD model simulates the temporal effect course by linking the ambient concentration of a chemical to the observable adverse effect via an internal concentration and a sequence of biological events in the organism. The parameters of the toxicodynamic model are related to the growth characteristics of algae cells, a no effect concentration, the chemical efficacy as well as the ability of recovery and repair, and the delay during damage propagation. The TK/TD model fits well to the observed algae growth. The effect propagation through cumulative cell damage explained the observed delayed responses better than just the toxicokinetics. The TK/TD model could facilitate the link between several effect levels within damage propagation, which prospectively may be helpful to model adverse outcome pathways and time-dependent mixture effects. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:1161–1172. © 2013 SETAC
Interferon‐γ promotes vascular remodeling in human microvascular endothelial cells by upregulating endothelin (ET)‐1 and transforming growth factor (TGF) β2
Authors: Chrobak Izabela , Lenna Stefania , Stawski Lukasz , Trojanowska Maria 
Published: January 2013

AbstractSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex disease characterized by vascular alterations, activation of the immune system and tissue fibrosis. Previous studies have implicated activation of the interferon pathways in the pathogenesis of SSc. The goal of this study was to determine whether interferon type I and/or type II could play a pathogenic role in SSc vasculopathy. Human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMVECs) and fibroblasts were obtained from foreskins of healthy newborns. The RT Profiler PCR Array System was utilized to screen for EndoMT genes. Treatment with IFN‐α or IFN‐γ downregulated Fli1 and VE‐cadherin. In contrast, IFN‐α and IFN‐γ exerted opposite effects on the expression of α‐SMA, CTGF, ET‐1, and TGFβ2, with IFN‐α downregulating and IFN‐γ upregulating this set of genes. Blockade of TGFβ signaling normalized IFN‐γ‐mediated changes in Fli1, VE‐cadherin, CTGF, and ET‐1 levels, whereas upregulation of α‐SMA and TGFβ2 was not affected. Bosentan treatment was more effective than TGFβ blockade in reversing the actions of IFN‐γ, including downregulation of α‐SMA and TGFβ2, suggesting that activation of the ET‐1 pathway plays a main role in the IFN‐γ responses in HDMECs. IFN‐γ induced expression of selected genes related to endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), including Snail1, FN1, PAI1, TWIST1, STAT3, RGS2, and components of the WNT pathway. The effect of IFN‐γ on EndoMT was mediated via TGFβ2 and ET‐1 signaling pathways. This study demonstrates distinct effects of IFN‐α and IFN‐γ on the biology of vascular endothelial cells. IFN‐γ may contribute to abnormal vascular remodeling and fibrogenesis in SSc, partially via induction of EndoMT. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 1774–1783, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Endothelial NOS gene Glu298Asp polymorphism in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Demirçubuk Ayşe G. , Coşkun M. Yavuz , Demiryürek Şeniz , Dokuyucu Recep , Öztuzcu Serdar , Taviloğlu Z. Şafak , Arslan Ahmet , Sivaslı Ercan 
Published: January 2013

AbstractRationaleRespiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) due to prematurity is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in Neonatal Intensive Care Units. According to few studies in recent years, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene polymorphisms are found to be partially responsible for liability to RDS. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between eNOS gene polymorphism and RDS in preterm neonates.Patients and MethodsThe patient group consisted of 152 premature neonates born before 37 weeks of gestation and diagnosed as RDS. The control group consisted of 125 premature neonates born before 37 weeks of gestation, but was not diagnosed as RDS. Genomic DNA from patients and controls was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction.ResultsIt was found that Glu/Glu, Glu/Asp, and Asp/Asp genotype frequencies of the eNOS gene polymorphism were 35.2%, 59.2%, and 5.6% of the control group, and 32.9%, 65.1%, and 2.0% of the patient group, respectively (P > 0.05). However, significant increases in Glu/Glu genotype and Glu allele frequencies were noted in the RDS groups when the preterm neonates were divided into two groups (24–30 weeks and 31–36 weeks) by gestational age. Additionally, Glu/Asp genotype and Asp allele were markedly less frequent among the RDS groups (P < 0.05). Asp allele frequency in boys and Glu allele frequency in girls were significantly high in RDS group (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThese data suggest that there were significant gestational age‐related differences between RDS and control groups in terms of Glu298Asp polymorphism. Therefore, RDS seems to develop with alterations in eNOS Glu298Asp genotype frequencies in the Turkish population. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:976–980. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Co-administration of methyl donors along with guanidinoacetic acid reduces the incidence of hyperhomocysteinaemia compared with guanidinoacetic acid administration alone
Authors: Ostojic Sergej M. , Niess Barbara , Stojanovic Marko , Obrenovic Milos 
Published: January 2013

Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) is the natural biosynthetic precursor of creatine, in a metabolic reaction that requires only a methyl group transfer. The use of GAA as a food additive for restoring creatine load in human tissues is rather unexplored and data on efficacy and safety are limited. In particular, an increase in serum homocysteine after GAA administration can be regarded as critical and should be prevented. The present study evaluated the effects of orally administered GAA with and without methyl group donors on serum and urine creatine concentrations, and the occurrence of adverse events during an intervention in healthy human subjects. A total of twenty male and female volunteers were randomised in a double-blind design to receive either GAA (2·4 g/d) or GAA with methyl donors (2·4 g/d of GAA and 1·6 g/d of betaine HCl, 5 μg/d of vitamin B12, 10 mg/d of vitamin B6and 600 μg/d of folic acid) by oral administration for 8 weeks. Serum and urine creatine increased significantly from before to after administration in both groups (P< 0·001). The proportion of participants who reported minor adverse events was 33·3 % in the GAA group, and 10·0 % in the GAA with methyl donors group (P= 0·30). Hyperhomocysteinaemia was found in 55·6 % of participants supplemented with GAA, while no participant experienced hyperhomocysteinaemia in the group supplemented with GAA and methyl donors (P= 0·01). In summary, both interventions strongly influenced creatine metabolism, resulting in a significant increase in fasting serum creatine. The concomitant supplementation of methyl donors along with GAA largely precluded the elevation of serum homocysteine caused by GAA administration alone.