bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prawna ochrona dziedzictwa naturalnego w Polsce – wyzwania i perspektywy
Authors: Zębek Elżbieta 
Published: July 2024

Przedmiotem artykułu jest stan prawny i stan ochrony obiektów dziedzictwa naturalnego wpisanych na Listę światowego dziedzictwa UNESCO w Polsce. W skład dóbr naturalnych wpisanych na Listę wchodzą dobra przyrodnicze i krajobrazy kulturowe jako obiekty towarzyszące zabytkom. Prawna ochrona zasobów przyrodniczych i krajobrazowych jest uregulowana głównie w ustawie o ochronie przyrody, ustawie o ochronie zabytków i opiece nad zabytkami oraz ustawie o planowaniu i zagospodarowaniu przestrzennym. Jednakże brak jest jednoznacznego wyodrębnienia ochrony dóbr przyrodniczych będących przedmiotem ochrony Konwencji UNESCO w sprawie ochrony światowego dziedzictwa kulturalnego i naturalnego w polskim systemie prawnym, co powoduje wiele problemów natury prawnej, związanych z ochroną tych dóbr, zarządzaniem nimi i ich monitoringiem. Konsekwencją takiego stanu może być degradacja dóbr przyrodniczych, w szczególności unikatowych siedlisk przyrodniczych, których prawnokarna ochrona jest niezadowalająca. W Polsce są tylko dwa obiekty dziedzictwa naturalnego – Puszcza Białowieska i pradawne lasy bukowe w Bieszczadzkim Parku Narodowym. Należy zatem dążyć do poszerzenia Listy światowego dziedzictwa, jednakże wcześniej należy rozważyć wzmocnienie ochrony prawnej takich obiektów w ustawie o ochronie przyrody poprzez wyodrębnienie tej formy lub ustanowienie odrębnych aktów prawnych, regulujących użytkowanie i ochronę takich obiektów. Tylko ochrona prawna na poziomie krajowym będzie najskuteczniejsza.
Wykonanie zastępcze jako środek ochrony bezpieczeństwa obywateli i zabytków nieruchomych przed zniszczeniem
Authors: Lis Wojciech 
Published: July 2024

Funkcjonowanie społeczeństwa w ramach organizacji państwowej wiąże się z wieloma obowiązkami i ograniczeniami, które są konsekwencją uwzględniania przez władze publiczne różnych wartości. Należą do nich: zapewnienie ochrony własności prywatnej, której przedmiotem są obiekty zabytkowe, bezpieczeństwo fizyczne wszystkich, którzy przebywają na terytorium państwa, oraz strzeżenie dziedzictwa narodowego, którego częścią są zabytki nieruchome. Nie zawsze zabytki te są odpowiednio zabezpieczone przed zniszczeniem lub uszkodzeniem, co stanowi zagrożenie dla bezpieczeństwa ludzi i dla bezpieczeństwa kulturowego. Wzgląd na ochronę tych wartości uzasadnia wkroczenie państwa w prawo własności w przypadku zagrożenia zabytków nieruchomych zniszczeniem lub uszkodzeniem, czemu służy instytucja wykonania zastępczego. Celem artykułu jest próba udzielenia odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy przeprowadzenie niezbędnych prac konserwatorskich i robót budowlanych w ramach wykonania zastępczego jest skutecznym środkiem ochrony zabytków nieruchomych w kontekście obowiązku zapewnienia przez państwo bezpieczeństwa obywateli i strzeżenia dziedzictwa narodowego.
Global consensus statement on simulation-based practice in healthcare
Authors: Diaz-Navarro Cristina , Armstrong Robert , Charnetski Matthew , Freeman J. Kirsty , Koh Sabrina , Reedy Gabriel , Smitten Jayne , Ingrassia Luigi Pier , Matos Maio Francisco , Issenberg Barry 
Published: July 2024

Simulation plays a pivotal role in addressing universal healthcare challenges, reducing education inequities, and improving mortality, morbidity and patient experiences. It enhances healthcare processes and systems, contributing significantly to the development of a safety culture within organizations. It has proven to be cost-effective and successful in enhancing team performance, fostering workforce resilience and improving patient outcomes.Through an international collaborative effort, an iterative consultation process was conducted with 50 societies operating across 67 countries within six continents. This process revealed common healthcare challenges and simulation practices worldwide. The intended audience for this statement includes policymakers, healthcare organization leaders, health education institutions, and simulation practitioners. It aims to establish a consensus on the key priorities for the broad adoption of exemplary simulation practice that benefits patients and healthcare workforces globally.
Metode Pembelajaran Akhlak Bagi Anak Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Natalia Cristina , Zulfa Indana , Rahma Nurfajrina Mawaddah 
Published: July 2024

Pendidikan akhlak pada anak harus diberikan sedini mungkin agar mereka dapat memperoleh standar moral yang tinggi bahkan setelah mereka dewasa. Moralitas adalah kebiasaan dan tindakan yang didasarkan pada pengetahuan diri dalam hubungan seseorang dengan Tuhan. Pendidikan karakter berarti berupaya sungguh-sungguh untuk membentuk perilaku yang dapat menjadi karakter seseorang, namun pengembangan karakter pada siswa sekolah dasar tidaklah mudah karena karakteristik kepribadian setiap anak berbeda-beda. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperjelas sejauh mana pengaruh metode pembelajaran moral terhadap perkembangan karakter siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji metode pembelajaran yang tepat untuk pengajaran moral di sekolah dasar. Dan dalam penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah tinjauan pustaka, sumber datanya menggunakan sumber data primer dan sekunder, serta teknik analisis data yang digunakan. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa metode yang relevan untuk pembelajaran di SD Islam adalah (1) metode narasi, (2) metode ceramah, (3) metode tanya jawab bahasa jawa, dan (4) metode narasi islami.
Technological innovations in accounting for food supply chain management
Authors: Adekunle Stephen Toromade  , Deborah Aanuoluwa Soyombo  , Eseoghene Kupa  , Tochukwu Ignatius Ijomah  
Published: July 2024

The food supply chain management sector has undergone significant transformations in recent years, largely driven by technological innovations aimed at enhancing efficiency, transparency, and sustainability. This review delves into the burgeoning realm of technological advancements in accounting within the food supply chain management domain. Technological innovations such as blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and big data analytics have revolutionized traditional accounting practices in the food supply chain. Blockchain technology, for instance, has emerged as a promising solution for enhancing transparency and traceability throughout the supply chain by providing an immutable ledger of transactions. This ensures the authenticity of data related to food products, from origin to consumption, thus mitigating risks associated with fraud and food safety incidents. Moreover, the integration of IoT devices enables real-time monitoring of various parameters such as temperature, humidity, and location, thereby ensuring optimal conditions for food transportation and storage. This not only minimizes wastage but also enhances the overall quality and freshness of food products. Artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms play a pivotal role in optimizing inventory management and demand forecasting processes. By analyzing vast amounts of historical data and current market trends, these technologies facilitate accurate predictions of consumer demand, thereby reducing stockouts and overstocking scenarios. Furthermore, big data analytics enables stakeholders to derive valuable insights from large datasets generated across the supply chain. These insights aid in identifying inefficiencies, optimizing resource allocation, and making data-driven decisions to enhance profitability and sustainability. However, despite the numerous benefits offered by technological innovations in accounting for food supply chain management, challenges such as data security, interoperability, and the need for skilled personnel remain significant hurdles to widespread adoption. Addressing these challenges will be crucial in harnessing the full potential of technology to create a more resilient, transparent, and sustainable food supply chain ecosystem. In conclusion, technological innovations in accounting have emerged as key enablers in revolutionizing the food supply chain management landscape. By leveraging blockchain, IoT, AI, and big data analytics, stakeholders can unlock new opportunities for enhancing efficiency, transparency, and sustainability throughout the food supply chain.
Keywords: Accounting, Food, Supply Chain, Management, Technology, Innovation, Review.
Chronic liver disease and fibrosis: A review of emerging biomarkers and therapeutic targets
Authors: Kelly Osayi Otakhor  , Elizabeth O. Soladoye  
Published: July 2024

Chronic liver disease (CLD) and fibrosis represent a significant global health burden, driven by a range of etiologies including viral hepatitis, alcohol abuse, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). These conditions often progress to cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), underscoring the urgent need for effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Emerging biomarkers and therapeutic targets offer promising avenues for early diagnosis and intervention in CLD and fibrosis. Biomarkers are crucial for the early detection and monitoring of CLD and fibrosis, allowing for timely therapeutic intervention. Serum biomarkers such as liver enzymes (ALT, AST), bilirubin, and platelet count have traditionally been used, but they lack specificity and sensitivity. Recent advances have identified novel biomarkers with improved diagnostic performance. For instance, serum levels of fibrosis markers like hyaluronic acid, procollagen type III N-terminal peptide (P3NP), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) have shown potential in assessing liver fibrosis. Additionally, non-invasive imaging techniques such as transient elastography and magnetic resonance elastography provide quantitative measures of liver stiffness, correlating with fibrosis stage. The pathogenesis of liver fibrosis involves complex interactions between hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and the extracellular matrix (ECM). HSCs play a central role in fibrogenesis by transforming into myofibroblasts that secrete collagen and other ECM components. Targeting the activation and proliferation of HSCs has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. Small molecule inhibitors, such as those targeting the PDGF and TGF-? signaling pathways, have shown efficacy in preclinical models. Furthermore, antifibrotic agents like simtuzumab, an anti-LOXL2 monoclonal antibody, are being evaluated in clinical trials for their potential to halt or reverse fibrosis progression. Another promising approach involves the modulation of the gut-liver axis. Dysbiosis and increased intestinal permeability contribute to liver inflammation and fibrosis. Probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) are being explored for their potential to restore gut homeostasis and mitigate liver injury. Additionally, the role of the immune system in fibrosis has gained attention, with immune checkpoint inhibitors and anti-inflammatory agents being investigated for their ability to modulate immune responses and reduce fibrosis.
Keywords: Chronic Liver Disease, Fibrosis, Biomarkers, Therapeutic Targets.
PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI GURU DALAM MENYUSUN PROGRAM YANG BERDAMPAK PADA MURID
Authors: Jayanti Mei Indra , Umar Umar 
Published: July 2024

Program ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru dalam menyusun program ynag berdampak pada murid di lingkup sekolah penggerak di Bima. Kegiatan ini dilakukan melalui serangkaian pelatihan, para guru penggerak di Bima dibekali dengan pengetahuan ynag bekaiata dengan esensi komptensi guru mulai aspek kompetensi profesionalisme, pedagogik, kepribadian dan sosial yang mesti dimiliki guru dalam proses pembelajaran di sekolah. Hasil dari kegiatan lokakarya ini, berimpilaksi pada upaya peningkatan kompetensi guru dalam merumuskan program pembelajaran diantaranya; 1) Adanya peningkatan pemahaan guru dalam merencanakan program pembelajaran, 2) Dapat mengembangkan keterampilan praktis guru, 3) Mendorong peningkatan kemampuan guru dalam pemanfaat teknologi digital pada proses pembelajaran, 4) Meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam merumuskan pembelajaran berpusat pada siswa, 5) Meningkatkan kemampuan sosial dan emosional guru dalam menstimulasi pembelajaran dan 6) Meningkatkan sikap profesionalyas berkelanjutan bagi guru merumuskan dan melaksnaakan pembelajaran bagi siswa di lingkup sekolah. Dengan demikain, proses peningkatan kompetensi guru akan berkontribusi positif terhada capaian hasil belajar siswa di lingkungan sekolah.
Linkage between Teacher Autonomy and Public Primary School Pupils’ Academic Performance in Tanzania Local Government Authorities
Authors: Kamugisha Stephen  James , Masue Orest , Mollel Henry 
Published: July 2024

Tanzania government has implemented many initiatives to promote pupils’ academic performance in primary schools for more than a decade. However, many school pupils in public primary schools still achieve low academic performance. The specific objective of this study was to examine the linkage between teacher autonomy and pupils’ academic performance. A survey was conducted in four Local Government Authorities (LGAs) which included Ngara, Kibondo, Tanga City and Mafinga Town. Sample size of the study was 354 teachers selected from ninety-five (95) public primary schools. Multi-stage with stratified simple random sampling was used to select the sample size while purposive sampling procedure was used to select 16 key informants including eight (8) head teachers and eight (8) standard seven pupils. Methods of data collection consisted of questionnaires, interviews and documentary review. Quantitative data were analysed using binary logistic regression while qualitative data were analysed thematically. Major findings showed that teacher autonomy model explained the variance on pupils’ academic performance by (0.09) which was too small while leaving 91% of variance to other factors outside teacher autonomy model. Furthermore, teacher autonomy had small odd ratio = (.51) and was significant (p < .001); which indicated that the odds of high teacher autonomy were (0.5) times more likely to achieve pupils’ academic performance compared to low teacher autonomy. Further findings also showed that teacher autonomy marginal effects were negative implying that one-unit change in teacher autonomy reduced the probability on pupils’ academic performance by (9%) and was significant (p < .001). Based on key informants, high autonomy made teachers to behave in a manner that affected the outcome variable. Thus, it was concluded that teacher autonomy affected pupils’ academic performance. The study recommended that educational stakeholders needed to implement teacher autonomy at minimum level.
Keputusan Panama Meratifikasi Konvensi Ballast Water Management
Authors: Prasetya Muhammad Aji , Anggraini Yayuk 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa dan menjelaskan mengenai faktor apa saja yang melatar belakangi Panama untuk meratifikasi konvensi Ballast Water Management pada tahun 2016. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah deskriptif eksplanatif dengan jenis data berupa data sekunder. Teknik analisis yang akan digunakan adalah teknik kualitatif. Teori yang digunakan selanjutnya menggunakan teori Kepentingan Nasional dan Kebijakan Luar Negeri oleh KJ Holsti. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa diratifikasinya konvensi Ballast Water Management oleh Panama pada tahun 2016 didasari pada kepentingan nasional dan juga dari kebijakan luar negerinya yang melalui faktor internal dan eksternalnya. Yang menjadi Kepentingan Nasional Panama pertama adalah mempertahankan lingkungan perairan Panama, Yang kedua adalah untuk menstabilkan ekonomi Panama dan menambah lapangan pekerjaan, ketiga adalah meningkatkan citra positif di dunia internasional, keempat untuk memperluas pengaruh Panama sebagai negara Flag State, Coastal State dan Port State, dan yang kelima adalah untuk mencapai visi-misi SDG’s Panama. Dan faktor yang mendorong kebijakan luar negerinya yaitu secara internal seperti kondisi geografis nya , adanya dorongan ekonomi, hingga atribut nasional Panama sedangkan secara eksternal seperti posisi Panama dalam IMO, Permasalahan air ballast yang menjadi masalah regional dan global hingga opini dari masyarakat internasional
Remote Summer Research Program to Improve Opportunity and Mentorship for Underrepresented Students With Interest in Orthopaedic Surgery: 3-Year Experiences
Authors: Klemt Christian , Amanatullah Derek F. , Gardner Michael J. , Frick Steven , Jobanputra Amishi , Shea Kevin 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Medical students are challenged with a limited number of research opportunities to help prepare for an exceptionally competitive process for matching in an orthopaedic residency. The aim of this study was to assess the 3-year experience of our 8 to 10-week remote summer research program in support of underrepresented students with an interest in orthopaedic surgery.

Methods:
We received over 500 applications, and a total of 37 students (7.4%) participated in the program over the past 3 years. A total of 14 faculty mentors were matched with 1 or 2 students each. The research program delivered a curriculum including (1) research-related topics led by a content expert; (2) weekly faculty lectures discussing topics including orthopaedic conditions, diversity in orthopaedics, leadership, and work-life balance; and (3) a minimum of 8 weeks of mentorship experience with an assigned faculty and a peer mentor. Students and faculty were surveyed to measure skill progression, research productivity, and program satisfaction.

Results:
Program participants represented a range of race/ethnic backgrounds and research experience levels. The cohort included a high rate of female (51%) and Black (35%) participants relative to representation of these groups in orthopaedic surgery. Postprogram surveys indicated that all participants improved their research skills, orthopaedic interest, and mentorship/networking skills. Most students (89%) stated that they were adequately matched to their faculty mentor. Most students (79%) indicated that they contributed to either manuscript or conference abstract as coauthors.

Discussion:
The study findings suggest improved research skills, interest, and confidence to pursue orthopaedic residency and mentorship/networks in the field. Our long-term vision is to improve the accessibility and quality of mentorship for underrepresented students to foster an equitable pathway into the field of orthopaedic surgery.
The Troubling Rise of Scurvy: A Review and National Analysis of Incidence, Associated Risk Factors, and Clinical Manifestations
Authors: Reikersdorfer Kristen N. , Singh Aaron , Young Jason D. , Batty Miles B. , Steele Amy E. , Yuen Leslie C. , Momtaz David A. , Weissert Joleen N. , Liu David S. , Hogue Grant D. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
In the era of modern medicine, scurvy has been thought of as a rare disease of ancient times because of improved emphasis on diet and nutrition; however, isolated case reports are plentiful. This investigation presents a comprehensive review of scurvy, including an analysis on its rising incidence, with specific focus on its orthopaedic manifestations and commonly associated diagnoses.

Methods:
This comprehensive review includes a retrospective analysis of 19,413,465 pediatric patients in the National Inpatient Sample database from 2016 through 2020. Patients with scurvy were identified by the ICD-10 code, and an estimated incidence of scurvy in the inpatient pediatric population was calculated. Concurrent diagnoses, musculoskeletal reports, and demographic variables were collected from patient records. Comparisons were made using analysis of variance or chi-square with Kendall tau, where appropriate.

Results:
The incidence of scurvy increased over the study period, from 8.2 per 100,000 in 2016 to 26.7 per 100,000 in 2020. Patients with scurvy were more likely to be younger (P < 0.001), male (P = 0.010), in the lowest income quartile (P = 0.013), and obese (P < 0.001). A majority (64.2%) had a concomitant diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. Common presenting musculoskeletal reports included difficulty walking, knee pain, and lower limb deformity. Burden of disease of scurvy was markedly greater than that of the average inpatient population, with these patients experiencing greater total charges and longer hospital stays.

Conclusion:
Clinicians should be aware of the increasing incidence of scurvy in modern medicine. In cases of vague musculoskeletal reports without clear etiology, a diagnosis of scurvy should be considered, particularly if risk factors are present.

Trial registration number:
NA.
A Cohort Study to Evaluate the Effect of Nutritional Intervention on Severe Acute Malnutrition Children Admitted to A Nutritional Rehabilitation Centre in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Central Gujarat, India
Authors: Panchal Foram , Parmar Rahul , Shringarpure Kalpita , Damor Jivraj 
Published: July 2024

Background: Undernutrition is one of the most concerning health and development issues in India as well as in the world. Nutritional rehabilitation centres (NRC) were started by Government of India to control severe acute malnutrition. The aim is to assess the effect of nutrition interventional measures for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) children admitted at NRC through selected anthropometric indicators.
Methodology: A hospital-based prospective cohort study was conducted at NRC of SSG Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat from April to September 2022, all children of 6-60 months of age admitted during this period were observed during their stay with three follow-ups after discharge at 15 days interval. The data was entered in Microsoft Excel and was analysed using Medcalc Software.
Results: A total of 76 children were analysed for anthropometric indicators. A statistically significant difference was obtained between the weight of children at admission, discharge and 3 follow-ups (ANOVA=141, p<0.001); difference of mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) (ANOVA=84.2, p<0.001) and difference of height (ANOVA=43.3. p<0.001) at admission, discharge and follow-up were also statistically significant.
Conclusions: NRCs have had a positive impact on the selected anthropometric indicators of severe malnourished children but lag behind proper follow-up visits.
Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) assay for detection and differentiation of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in carcasses of chicken
Authors: Casaril Kérley Braga Pereira Bento , Alves Juliane , Vilas-Bôas Laurival Antônio , Vilas-Bôas Gislayne Trindade , Oliveira Tereza Cristina Rocha Moreira de 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Campylobacter is a major cause of gastroenteritis in developed countries. In Brazil, the incidence of this disease and consequently those that may occur after the infection is unknown. The prevalence of Campylobacter in raw poultry products varies widely. Although Brazil is the largest world exporter of chicken there is little information on the contamination of this product by Campylobacter. Objective: develop a multiplex PCR for the detection and differentiation between C. jejuni and C coli. Methods: The PCR was developed using mapA primers specific for detection of C. jejuni and ceuE primers specific for detection of C. coli which produce specific DNA fragments of 202-bp and 889-pb, respectively. The standardized PCR was tested on 11 different isolates of Campylobacter and on 22 non-Campylobacter species and the specificity was 100%. Results: Campylobacter was detected from chicken skin artificially contaminated with approximately 50 colony forming unit (CFU) of Campylobacter per 10-g, after 48 h of selective enrichment. Campylobacter spp. was detected in thirteen (46.4%) of 28 analyzed chicken carcasses purchased from local retail market. Specific DNA fragments of the PCR confirmed the presence of C. jejuni and C. coli. Conclusion: The standardized multiplex PCR was found to be sensitive and specific on the detection and simultaneously differentiation of C. jejuni and C. coli after 48h of analysis.