bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mod5 protein binds to tRNA gene complexes and affects local transcriptional silencing
Authors: Pratt-Hyatt Matthew , Pai Dave A. , Haeusler Rebecca A. , Wozniak Glenn G. , Good Paul D. , Miller Erin L. , McLeod Ian X. , Yates John R. , Hopper Anita K. , Engelke David R. 
Published: July 2013

Significance
This study provides new insight into the requirements for observed silencing of RNA polymerase II transcription near tRNA genes. Mod5 is a conserved tRNA modification enzyme found in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, although it only modifies tRNAs in the cytoplasm. Mod5 is required for silencing near tRNA genes, and it is bound to both nuclear tRNA gene complexes and nuclear pre-tRNA transcripts. Possible mechanisms for this form of RNA-mediated transcriptional silencing are discussed.
Protective effect of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants in an acute bacterial infection
Authors: Plotnikov Egor Y. , Morosanova Maria A. , Pevzner Irina B. , Zorova Ljubava D. , Manskikh Vasily N. , Pulkova Natalya V. , Galkina Svetlana I. , Skulachev Vladimir P. , Zorov Dmitry B. 
Published: July 2013

Significance
The main approach to treat acute pyelonephritis is antibiotic therapy. However, the pathology is accompanied by inflammation and oxidative stress phenomena that can also be a target for intervention when direct antibacterial measures are impossible or inefficient. In our study, in vitro and in vivo models of experimental pyelonephritis were used to define the role of mitochondria in this pathology and to find a way to alleviate the kidney damage. The majority of the deleterious effects of pyelonephritis, including animal mortality in extreme cases, were prevented by the treatment with the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, pointing to mitochondria as a therapeutic target.
Reflection and transmission of attenuated waves at the boundary between two dissimilar poroelastic solids saturated with two immiscible viscous fluids
Authors: Kumar M. , Sharma M.D. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThe phenomenon of reflection and transmission of plane harmonic waves at the plane interface between two dissimilar poroelastic solids saturated with two immiscible viscous fluids is investigated. Both porous media are considered dissipative due to the presence of viscosity in pore‐fluids. Four attenuated (three dilatational and one shear) waves propagate in such a dissipative porous medium. A finite non‐dimensional parameter is used to define the effective connections between the surface‐pores of two media at their common interface. Another finite parameter represents the gas‐share in the saturation of pores. An attenuated wave in a dissipative medium is described through the specification of directions of propagation and maximum attenuation. A general representation of an attenuated wave is defined through its inhomogeneous propagation, i.e., different directions for propagation and attenuation. Incidence of an inhomogeneous wave is considered at the interface between two dissipative porous solids. This results in four reflected and four transmitted inhomogeneous waves. Expressions are derived for the partition of incident energy among the reflected and transmitted waves. Numerical examples are studied to determine the effects of saturating pore fluid, frequency, surface‐pore connections and wave inhomogeneity on the strengths of reflected and transmitted waves. Interaction energy due to the interference of different (inhomogeneous) waves is calculated in both the dissipative porous media to verify the conservation of incident energy.
Application of randomized sampling schemes to curvelet‐based sparsity‐promoting seismic data recovery
Authors: Shahidi Reza , Tang Gang , Ma Jianwei , Herrmann Felix J. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTReconstruction of seismic data is routinely used to improve the quality and resolution of seismic data from incomplete acquired seismic recordings. Curvelet‐based Recovery by Sparsity‐promoting Inversion, adapted from the recently‐developed theory of compressive sensing, is one such kind of reconstruction, especially good for recovery of undersampled seismic data. Like traditional Fourier‐based methods, it performs best when used in conjunction with randomized subsampling, which converts aliases from the usual regular periodic subsampling into easy‐to‐eliminate noise. By virtue of its ability to control gap size, along with the random and irregular nature of its sampling pattern, jittered (sub)sampling is one proven method that has been used successfully for the determination of geophone positions along a seismic line. In this paper, we extend jittered sampling to two‐dimensional acquisition design, a more difficult problem, with both underlying Cartesian and hexagonal grids. We also study what we term separable and non‐separable two‐dimensional jittered samplings. We find hexagonal jittered sampling performs better than Cartesian jittered sampling, while fully non‐separable jittered sampling performs better than separable jittered sampling. Two other 2D randomized sampling methods, Poisson Disk sampling and Farthest Point sampling, both known to possess blue‐noise spectra, are also shown to perform well.
Two co‐occurring invasive woody shrubs alter soil properties and promote subdominant invasive species
Authors: Kuebbing Sara E. , Classen Aimée T. , Simberloff Daniel 
Published: July 2013

Summary

Though co‐occurrence of invasive plant species is common, few studies have compared the community and ecosystem impacts of invaders when they occur alone and when they co‐occur. Prioritization of invasive species management efforts requires sufficient knowledge of impacts – both among individual invasive species and among different sets of co‐occurring invaders – to target resources towards management of sites expected to undergo the largest change.

Here, we observed differences in above‐ and below‐ground impacts of two invasive woody shrubs, Lonicera maackii and Ligustrum sinense, among plots containing both shrubs (mixed), each species singly or lacking both species (control).

We found additive and non‐additive effects of these co‐occurring invasives on plant communities and soil processes. Mixed plots contained two times more subdominant invasive plant species than L. maackii or L. sinense plots. Compared to control plots, mixed plots had three times the potential activity of β‐glucosidase, a carbon‐degrading extracellular soil enzyme. L. maackii plots and mixed plots had less acidic soils, while L. sinense plots had higher soil moisture than control plot soils. Differences in soil properties among plots explained plant‐ and ground‐dwelling arthropod community composition as well as the potential microbial function in soils.

Synthesis and applications. Our study highlights the importance of explicitly studying the impacts of co‐occurring invasive plant species singly and together. Though Lonicera maackii and Ligustrum sinense have similar effects on ecosystem structure and function when growing alone, our data show that two functionally similar invaders can have non‐additive impacts on ecosystems. These results suggest that sites with both species should be prioritized for invasive plant management over sites containing only one of these species. Furthermore, this study provides a valuable template for future studies exploring how and when invasion by co‐occurring species alters above‐ and below‐ground function in ecosystems with different traits.
The Antisaccade Task Performance Deficit and Specific CNV Abnormalities in Patients with Stereotyped Paraphilia and Schizophrenia,
Authors: Kirenskaya Anna V. , Kamenskov Maxim Y. , Myamlin Vadim V. , Novototsky‐Vlasov Vladimir Y. , Tkachenko Andrey A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAntisaccade task performance and mean amplitudes of slow cortical potentials (contingent negative variation—CNV) were investigated in 19 healthy volunteers, 16 schizophrenic patients (SP), and 12 patients with stereotyped form of paraphilia (PP). Compared with healthy subjects, schizophrenic and paraphilic patients committed significantly more erroneous saccades. The clear between‐group CNV differences were observed during the early CNV stage that is associated with cognitive aspects of preparatory set. In SP, as compared to controls, the significant decline of CNV amplitude was found at frontal‐central area. PP have demonstrated the lack of CNV over central and parietal regions, but their CNV amplitudes in frontal area did not differ from values of control group. Thus, two distinct types of CNV abnormalities have been found. The SP results have been interpreted as support for frontal dysfunction in schizophrenia. The disconnection between prefrontal cortex, sensorimotor cortex, and related subcortical structures is hypothesized in paraphilia group.
Establishing Correspondence in Wood: The Challenge and Some Solutions?
Authors: Courtin Gerard M. , Fairgrieve Scott I. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractEstablishing correspondence between the upper portion of a white birch sapling, a suspected weapon, and a potential source from a stand of trees was posed to one of us (GMC). A bending force shattered the sapling, precluding physical matching. Three white birch saplings were taken from the same stand of trees in a similar manner. Correspondence was achieved by measuring the width of the annual rings along four radii from a disk cut above and below the break. The regression coefficient of the data from the two disks from the same sapling wasr2 = 0.95. Regressing the upper disk against the lower disk of two other saplings resulted inr2values of 0.26 and 0.17, respectively. The various characteristics that are confined to a wood stem as part of its normal process of growth can be used to eliminate candidate saplings and establish correspondence between two pieces of wood.
The Effect of Image Alterations on Identification Using Palmar Flexion Creases
Authors: Cook Tom , Sutton Raul , Buckley Kevan 
Published: July 2013

AbstractPalmprints are identified using matching of minutia points, which can be time consuming for fingerprint experts and in database searches. This article analyzes the operational characteristics of a palmar flexion crease (PFC) identification software tool, using a dataset of 10 replicates of 100 palms, where the user can label and match palmar line features. Results show that 100 palmprint images modified 10 times each using rotation, translation, and additive noise, mimicking some of the characteristics found in crime scene palmar marks, can be identified with a 99.2% genuine acceptance rate and 0% false acceptance rate when labeled within 3.5 mm of the PFC. Partial palmprint images can also be identified using the same method to filter the dataset prior to traditional matching, while maintaining an effective genuine acceptance rate. The work shows that identification using PFCs can improve palmprint identification through integration with existing systems, and through dedicated palmprint identification applications.
Sepsis patients do not differ in health‐related quality of life compared with other ICU patients
Authors: ORWELIUS L. , LOBO C. , TEIXEIRA PINTO A. , CARNEIRO A. , COSTA‐PEREIRA A. , GRANJA C. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe aim of the present multicentre study is to assess health‐related quality of life in patients with community‐acquired sepsis, severe sepsis, or septic shock (CAS) 6 months after discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU) and to compare the health‐related quality of life of the ICU survivors with CAS with ICU survivors with other ICU diagnoses.MethodsProspective, multicentre study in nine combined medical and surgical ICUs in Portugal. Health‐related quality of life was assessed 6 months after ICU stay, using EuroQol‐5D (EQ‐5D) mailed to patients. ICU‐related factors were obtained from the local ICU database and the local database for the SACiUCI follow‐up study.ResultsA total of 313 (52%) surviving patients answered the questionnaire, and of these 91 (29%) were admitted for CAS. There were no significant differences in health‐related quality of life between the two study groups.ConclusionPatients admitted to ICU for CAS did not perceived different health‐related quality of life compared with ICU patients admitted for other diagnoses.
Knowledge gaps in protected area effectiveness
Authors: Cabeza M. 
Published: July 2013

Read the Feature Paper: Protected areas and insect conservation: questioning the effectiveness of Natura 2000 network for saproxylic beetles in ItalyOther Commentaries on this paper: Institutional vertebratism hampers insect conservation generally; not just saproxylic beetle conservationResponse from the authors: Possible directions in the protection of the neglected invertebrate biodiversity
Possible directions in the protection of the neglected invertebrate biodiversity
Authors: D'Amen M. , Bombi P. , Campanaro A. , Zapponi L. , Bologna M. A. , Mason F. 
Published: July 2013

Read the Feature Paper: Protected areas and insect conservation: questioning the effectiveness of Natura 2000 network for saproxylic beetles in ItalyCommentaries on this Feature Paper: Institutional vertebratism hampers insect conservation generally; not just saproxylic beetle conservation; Knowledge gaps in protected area effectiveness
U Wave Features in Body Surface Potential Mapping in Post–Myocardial Infarction Patients
Authors: Wang Bei , Korhonen Petri , Tierala Ilkka , Hänninen Helena , Väänänen Heikki , Toivonen Lauri 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundThe data on U wave features in post–myocardial infarction (MI) remain sparse. We employed 120‐lead body surface potential mapping (BSPM) to explore the U wave in patients with remote MI.MethodsSixty post‐MI patients and 46 healthy controls were examined. After signal averaging, the polarity changes of U wave related to the T wave were analyzed, and the spatial and temporal U wave parameters were computed.ResultsFour types of patterns based on T and U polarity were recognized. A pattern with positive T and U waves was related to better ventricular function. The study groups did not differ as regards to Tend‐Uapex and Tapex‐Uapex intervals whereas Uapex‐Uend was significantly longer in MI patients (110 ± 20 ms vs. 100 ± 13 ms, P = 0.004). MI patients had significantly higher U wave maximum amplitude (70 ± 30 μV vs. 50 ± 20 μV, P < 0.001), and U integral area (3.96 ± 1.50 μV·s vs. 3.17 ± 0.99 μV·s, P = 0.002), but lower corresponding T wave parameter values, thus resulting into higher U/T maximum amplitude and area ratios (0.16 ± 0.10 vs. 0.09 ± 0.04, P < 0.001; and 0.13 ± 0.06 vs. 0.09 ± 0.03, P < 0.001). In comparison to 12‐lead ECG, BSPM covering the entire thorax enhanced the detection of U waves.ConclusionMI tends to increase the U amplitude and prolong the later part of U wave duration thus augmenting the U wave. The size and location of infarction were associated with specific T and U wave polarity patterns.
Effect of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in the neural control of intrarenal haemodynamics in anaesthetized normotensive rats
Authors: Ahmeda A. F. , Rae M. G. , Johns E. J. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAimsThis study examined the interaction between reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide (NO) in mediating the decrease in renal blood flow (RBF) evoked by sympathetic renal nerve stimulation (RNS).MethodsGroups of male Wistar rats were subjected to RNS at different frequencies prior to, and following, an infusion of: (i) tempol, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic, (ii) tempol plus the hydrogen peroxide‐degrading enzyme catalase (tem + cat), (iii) diethyldithiocarbamic acid (DETC), a SOD inhibitor, (iv) the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, L‐nitro‐arginine methyl ester (L‐NAME) alone, or (v) L‐NAME followed by tempol, into the kidney cortico‐medullary border (CMB). Blood perfusion within the cortical (CBP) and medullary (MBP) regions of the kidney was measured using Laser‐Doppler flowmetry.ResultsInfusion of tempol CMB significantly attenuated RNS‐evoked reductions in CBP (by 22% at 8 Hz; P < 0.05), but not MBP. When tempol and catalase were co‐infused to reduce both ROS and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), respectively, there was a significantly greater attenuation of the RNS‐evoked reduction in CBP compared with that of tempol alone. Infusion of either DETC or L‐NAME alone did not significantly affect the CBP or MBP responses to RNS. Similarly, RNS following tempol infusion with L‐NAME also had no effect on CBP and MBP over and above the group that received tempol alone.ConclusionThese results suggest that reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and H2O2 have a direct role in reducing renal vascular compliance in response to RNS, rather than indirectly through scavenging NO.
Genome‐wide genotype‐based risk model for survival in acute myeloid leukaemia patients with normal karyotype
Authors: Choi Hangseok , Jung Chulwon , Sohn Sang Kyun , Kim Seonwoo , Kim Hyeoung‐Joon , Kim Yeo‐Kyeoung , Kim TaeHyung , Zhang Zhaolei , Shin Eun‐Soon , Lee Jong‐Eun , Moon Joon Ho , Kim Sung Hyun , Kim Kyoung Ha , Mun Yeung‐Chul , Kim Hawk , Park Jinny , Kim Jhingook , Kim Dennis (D. H.) 
Published: July 2013

SummarySingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) are inter‐individual genetic variations that could explain inter‐individual differences of response/survival to chemotherapy. The present study was performed to build up a risk model for survival in 247 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with normal karyotype (AML‐NK). Genome‐wide Affymetrix SNP array 6.0 was used for genotyping in discovery set (n = 118). After identifying significant SNPs for overall survival (OS) in single SNP analysis, a risk model was constructed. Out of 632 957 autosomal SNPs analysed, finally four SNPs (rs2826063, rs12791420, rs11623492 and rs2575369) were introduced into the risk model. The model could stratify the patients according to their OS in discovery set (P = 1·053656 × 10−4). Replication was performed using Sequenom platform for genotyping in the validation cohort (n = 129). The model incorporated with clinical and four SNP risk score was successfully replicated in a validation set (P = 5·38206 × 10−3). The integration of four SNPs and clinical factors into the risk model showed higher area under the curve (AUC) reults than in the model incorporating only clinical or only four SNPs, suggesting improved prognostic stratification power by combination of four SNPs and clinical factors. In conclusion, a genome‐wide SNP‐based risk model in 247 patients with AML‐NK can identify a group of high risk patients with poor survival.
Exploring young patients' perspectives on rehabilitation care: methods and challenges of organizing focus groups for children and adolescents
Authors: Krol M. , Sixma H. , Meerdink J. , Wiersma H. , Rademakers J. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundIn research on quality of care, the experiences of children and (pre)adolescents are usually assessed by asking their parents. However, these young patients may have preferences of their own, and their experiences do not necessarily concur with those of their parents. Therefore, our research aimed to give young patients an opportunity to speak up for themselves.MethodsFocus group meetings and online focus groups were organized for two age groups (8–11 and 12–15 years) of young patients from two Dutch rehabilitation centres, with the use of a tailored interview technique. The feasibility and applicability of both types of focus groups were assessed.ResultsFor both types of focus groups, recruitment proved a major problem. The focus group meetings with (pre)adolescents proved both feasible and applicable in obtaining information regarding the preferences and experiences towards rehabilitation care. Regarding children's meetings, there were mixed results. The setting suited most of them, but some were more anxious. In general, online focus groups were less successful than expected for both age groups.ConclusionsPossibilities for enhancing the recruitment rate should be considered, as the low participation rates limited generalizability of focus group results. The tailored design proved useful for obtaining relevant input from (pre)adolescents through meetings, but, especially for children, repeated meetings or other locations (e.g. at home) could be considered. This may make participants more at ease. For both age groups, the online focus groups proved far less useful, in terms of participation.
Effect of oral healthcare education on knowledge, attitude and skills of care home nurses: a systematic literature review
Authors: de Lugt‐Lustig Kersti H.M.E. , Vanobbergen Jacques N.O. , van der Putten Gert‐Jan , De Visschere Luc M.J. , Schols Jos M.G.A. , de Baat Cees 
Published: July 2013

AbstractObjectivesTo systematically review the literature on the effect of providing oral healthcare education to care home nurses on their oral healthcare knowledge and attitude and their oral hygiene care skills.MethodsA literature search was obtained for relevant articles on oral healthcare education of nurses in care homes, using five electronic retrieval systems and databases. The search was limited to human studies, articles published in English and articles published during the period January 1990 to December 2011. The methodological quality of an article was assessed on the basis of criteria published by the Cochrane Collaboration. For articles not meeting all methodological quality criteria, relevance criteria were used to determine how much scientific evidence could be assigned to the study findings.ResultsIn accordance with the methodological quality criteria, two randomized controlled trials were included. Additionally, four studies were included after determining the scientific evidence of the study findings. The studies included revealed some scientific evidence and indications that an oral healthcare education programme for care home nurses may improve the nurses' oral healthcare knowledge and attitude. Any effect of oral healthcare education to care home nurses' oral hygiene care skills could not be determined.ConclusionsOral healthcare education may have a positive effect on care home nurses' oral healthcare knowledge and attitude and on care home residents' oral hygiene, whereas any effect on care home nurses' oral hygiene care skills could not be found.