bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling Post‐Tree‐Harvesting Soil Erosion and Sediment Deposition Potential in the Turano River Basin (Italian Central Apennine)
Authors: Borrelli Pasquale , Märker Michael , Schütt Brigitta 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe overall aim of the paper is the assessment of human‐induced accelerated soil erosion processes due to forest harvesting in the Upper Turano River Basin. The spatio‐temporal pattern of soil erosion processes was investigated by means of a spatially distributed modelling approach. We used the Unit Stream Power Erosion and Deposition model. During the soil erosion‐modelling phase, the forest cover changes were mapped via remote sensing. According to this operation, the forest sectors exploited for timber production amounted to about 2781 ha or 9·9% of the wooded surface from March 2001 to August 2011. In this period, the average annual net soil erosion rate estimated by means of modelling operations totalled 0·83 Mg ha−1 y−1 for all the forest lands. The net soil erosion rate predicted for the disturbed forest lands is significantly higher than the average value for the entire forest (5·34 Mg ha−1 y−1). Estimates indicate a soil loss equal to 8521 Mg y−1 (net soil erosion 0·34 Mg ha−1 y−1) in the undisturbed forest area (254 km2), whereas the 27·8 km2 of disturbed forest area could potentially lose 14 846 Mg y−1. The paper shows that a disturbed forest sector could produce about 74·2% more net erosion than a nine times larger, undisturbed forest sector. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cationic Twin Polymerization Versus Simultaneous Polymerization of Titanium Compounds to Fabricate Nanostructured Organic Polymer/TiO2 Hybrid Materials
Authors: Mehner Alexander , Pohlers Andreas , Hoyer Walter , Cox Gerhard , Spange Stefan 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe formation of related polymer/TiO2 nanocomposites is studied using two alternative synthetic procedures. The triflic acid anhydride‐catalyzed twin‐polymerization (TP) of (μ4‐oxido)‐hexakis(μ‐furan‐2‐methoxo)‐octakis(furan‐2‐methoxo)‐tetratitanium (1) and (μ4‐oxido)‐hexakis(μ‐thiophene‐2‐methoxo)‐octakis(thiophene‐2‐methoxo)‐tetratitanium (2), is studied in comparison to the simultaneous polymerization (SP) of titantetraisopropylate [Ti(OiPr)4] with the corresponding furan‐ or thiophenemethanol, furfuryl alcohol (FA) and thienyl alcohol (TA), respectively. Both the TP of 1 and 2 produces nanostructured polyFA/TiO2 or polyTA/TiO2 hybrid materials.magnified image
Polyurethanes Containing an Imidazolium Diol‐Based Ionic‐Liquid Chain Extender for Incorporation of Ionic‐Liquid Electrolytes
Authors: Gao Renlong , Zhang Mingqiang , Wang Shih‐Wa , Moore Robert B. , Colby Ralph H. , Long Timothy E. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractNovel polyurethane (PU) cationomers are synthesized using an imidazolium diol‐based ionic liquid (IL) chain extender. A systematic comparison with a non‐ionic PU analogue reveals effect of the imidazolium cation on physical properties, hydrogen bonding, and morphology of segmented PU. Casting resulting PU solutions with various contents of IL generates novel membranes. Thermal study reveals that IL‐containing PU membranes exhibit a constant soft segment Tg at −81 °C; however, the Tg of imidazolium hard segments systematically shifts to lower temperatures with increasing IL content. This suggests that IL preferentially locates into the imidazolium ionic hard domains, which is also evident in small‐angle X‐ray scattering. Moreover, dielectric relaxation spectroscopy demonstrates increased ionic conductivity of PU membranes by 5 orders of magnitude upon incorporation of 30 wt% IL.magnified image
Skin graft coverage of critical marginal wounds in microsurgical cases
Authors: Lineaweaver William C. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractSkin graft coverage of critical marginal wounds in microsurgical cases is the earliest described method for coverage of exposed vessels, nerves, and other vital structures at the margins of replanted or transplanted tissue. A case of immediate graft coverage of vein and nerve graft repairs in a gunshot wound is presented with a 5‐year follow‐up demonstrating stable coverage, salvage of the microsurgical reconstruction, and no contracture. Compared to recently described strategies of interval biosynthetic dressings and delayed skin grafting, immediate skin grafts application remains the most effective management of these wounds. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2013.
Secondary splitting of a free deep inferior epigastric perforator flap with pedicled transfer to the contralateral breast for staged reconstruction of two breasts: The split diep flap
Authors: Webster Howard R. , Rozen Warren M. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractFree tissue transfer has become popularized for post‐mastectomy autologous breast reconstruction, particularly with the abdominal wall donor site. However, in the setting of previous autologous breast reconstruction, options for later contralateral reconstruction are limited. We present a case of breast reconstruction with a free deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap, which was split from the initially reconstructed breast and shared to reconstruct the opposite breast after the occurrence of a metachronous contralateral second primary breast cancer. There were no operative complications, no flap‐related complications, and at two years follow‐up, the patient subjectively described bilateral soft and supple breasts, which were symmetrical in a bra, and with which she has reported high satisfaction. An account of the “split DIEP flap” is provided, highlighting the planning, technique, and vascular rationale. The technique comprises partition of a previously transferred DIEP flap breast reconstruction into two parts based on preoperative computed tomographic angiography, performed to guide surgical planning in avoiding pedicle damage and identifying the portion of the flap to island. The split DIEP flap for staged bilateral autologous breast reconstruction offers two soft‐tissue flaps for the price of one donor site, offering new possibilities in breast reconstruction and the broader field of tissue transplantation. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2013.
Effect of maternal and postweaning folic acid supplementation on global and gene‐specific DNA methylation in the liver of the rat offspring
Authors: Sie Karen K. Y. , Li Jennifer , Ly Anna , Sohn Kyoung‐Jin , Croxford Ruth , Kim Young‐In 
Published: March 2013

ScopeIntrauterine and early‐life exposure to folic acid has significantly increased in North America owing to folic acid fortification, widespread supplemental use, and periconceptional supplementation. We investigated the effect of maternal and postweaning folic acid supplementation on DNA methylation in the rat offspring.Methods and resultsFemale rats were placed on a control or folic acid‐supplemented diet during pregnancy and lactation. At weaning, pups from each maternal diet group were randomized to the control or supplemented diet for 11 weeks. At weaning, maternal folic acid supplementation significantly decreased global (p < 0.001) and site‐specific DNA methylation of the Ppar‐γ, ER‐α, p53, and Apc genes (p < 0.05) in the liver. At 14 weeks of age, postweaning, but not maternal, folic acid supplementation significantly decreased global DNA methylation (p < 0.05). At 14 weeks of age, both maternal and postweaning folic acid supplementation significantly increased DNA methylation of the Ppar‐γ, p53, and p16 genes (p < 0.05) whereas only postweaning FA supplementation significantly increased DNA methylation of the ER‐α and Apc genes (p < 0.05).ConclusionOur data suggest that maternal and postweaning folic acid supplementation can significantly modulate global and gene‐specific DNA methylation in the rat offspring. The functional ramifications of the observed DNA methylation changes need to be determined in future studies.
Sodium quantification in the spinal cord at 3T
Authors: Solanky Bhavana S. , Riemer Frank , Golay Xavier , Wheeler‐Kingshott Claudia A. M. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPurpose:Sodium channels are involved in neuronal function and therefore methods to assess tissue sodium concentration in vivo are exceptionally appealing. Recently there has been a renewed interest for brain sodium magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), thanks to higher magnetic field strength scanners. However, sodium measures in the spinal cord are lacking due to major technical challenges. Here we propose for the first time a clinically feasible non‐invasive method for quantifying sodium in the spine using magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Methods:Sodium spectra from the cervical cord were collected using image selected in vivo spectroscopy (∼14 min scan time) and quantified using a reference phantom.Results:The sodium magnetic resonance spectroscopy measures provided in vivo concentration estimates of 31.2 ± 2.4 mM. Repeat scans showed good reproducibility with a coefficient of variation of <6%.Conclusion:Proposed here for the first time is a fast non‐invasive technique to quantify total sodium in the spinal cord in vivo. This newly proposed technique has a great potential for translation into clinic, thanks to its simplicity. Magn Reson Med 69:1201–1208, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nonparametric bayesian lifetime data analysis using dirichlet process lognormal mixture model
Authors: Cheng Nan , Yuan Tao 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWe propose a nonparametric Bayesian lifetime data analysis method using the Dirichlet process mixture model with a lognormal kernel. A simulation‐based algorithm that implements the Gibbs sampling is developed to fit the Dirichlet process lognormal mixture (DPLNM) model using rightly censored failure time data. Five examples are used to illustrate the proposed method, and the DPLNM model is compared to the Dirichlet process Weibull mixture (DPWM) model. Results indicate that the DPLNM model is capable of estimating different lifetime distributions. The DPLNM model outperforms the DPWM model in all the examples, and the DPLNM model shows promising potential to be applied to analyze failure time data when an appropriate parametric model for the data cannot be specified. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013
Specification vagueness and supply quality risk
Authors: Wang Yimin 
Published: March 2013

AbstractSpecifying quality requirement is integral to any sourcing relationship, but vague and ambiguous specifications can often be observed in practice, especially when a buyer is in the initial stage of sourcing a new product. In this research, we study a supplier's production incentives under vague or exact quality specifications. We prove that a vague specification may in fact motivate the supplier to increase its quantity provision, resulting in a higher delivery quality. Vague quality specification can therefore be advantageous for a buyer to screen potential suppliers with an initial test order, and then rely on the received quality level to set more concrete quality guidelines. There is a degree, though, to which vague quality specification can be effective, as too much vagueness may decrease the supplier's quantity provision and hence the expected delivery quality. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013
A multiobjective mesh optimization framework for mesh quality improvement and mesh untangling
Authors: Kim Jibum , Panitanarak Thap , Shontz Suzanne M. 
Published: March 2013

SUMMARYWe propose a multiobjective mesh optimization framework for mesh quality improvement and mesh untangling. Our framework combines two or more competing objective functions into a single objective function to be solved using one of various multiobjective optimization methods. Methods within our framework are able to optimize various aspects of the mesh such as the element shape, element size, associated PDE interpolation error, and number of inverted elements, but the improvement is not limited to these categories. The strength of our multiobjective mesh optimization framework lies in its ability to be extended to simultaneously optimize any aspects of the mesh and to optimize meshes with different element types. We propose the exponential sum, objective product, and equal sum multiobjective mesh optimization methods within our framework; these methods do not require articulation of preferences. However, the solutions obtained satisfy a sufficient condition of weak Pareto optimality. Experimental results show that our multiobjective mesh optimization methods are able to simultaneously optimize two or more aspects of the mesh and also are able to improve mesh qualities while eliminating inverted elements. We successfully apply our methods to real‐world applications such as hydrocephalus treatment and shape optimization. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Subspace recycling accelerates the parametric macro‐modeling of MEMS
Authors: Feng Lihong , Benner Peter , Korvink Jan G. 
Published: March 2013

SUMMARYA fast computational technique that speeds up the process of parametric macro‐model extraction is proposed. An efficient starting point is the technique of parametric model order reduction (PMOR). The key step in PMOR is the computation of a projection matrix V, which requires the computation of multiple moment matrices of the underlying system. In turn, for each moment matrix, a linear system with multiple right‐hand sides has to be solved. Usually, a considerable number of linear systems must be solved when the system includes more than two free parameters. If the original system is of very large size, the linear solution step is computationally expensive. In this paper, the subspace recycling algorithm outer generalized conjugate residual method combined with generalized minimal residual method with deflated restarting (GCRO‐DR), is considered as a basis to solve the sequence of linear systems. In particular, two more efficient recycling algorithms, G‐DRvar1 and G‐DRvar2, are proposed. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that both the GCRO‐DR method and its variants G‐DRvar1 and G‐DRvar2 are very efficient when compared with the standard solvers. Furthermore, the presented algorithms overcome the bottleneck of a recently proposed subspace recycling method the modified Krylov recycling generalized minimal residual method. From these subspace recycling algorithms, a PMOR process for macro‐model extraction can be significantly accelerated. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The acetylproteome of Gram‐positive model bacterium Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Kim Dooil , Yu Byung Jo , Kim Jung Ae , Lee Yong‐Jik , Choi Soo‐Geun , Kang Sunghyun , Pan Jae‐Gu 
Published: March 2013

Nε‐lysine acetylation, a reversible and highly regulated PTM, has been shown to occur in the model Gram‐negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica. Here, we extend this acetylproteome analysis to Bacillus subtilis, a model Gram‐positive bacterium. Through anti‐acetyllysine antibody‐based immunoseparation of acetylpeptides followed by nano‐HPLC/MS/MS analysis, we identified 332 unique lysine‐acetylated sites on 185 proteins. These proteins are mainly involved in cellular housekeeping functions such as central metabolism and protein synthesis. Fifity‐nine of the lysine‐acetylated proteins showed homology with lysine‐acetylated proteins previously identified in E. coli, suggesting that acetylated proteins are more conserved. Notably, acetylation was found at or near the active sites predicted by Prosite signature, including SdhA, RocA, Kbl, YwjH, and YfmT, indicating that lysine acetylation may affect their activities. In 2‐amino‐3‐ketobutyrate CoA ligase Kbl, a class II aminotransferase, a lysine residue involved in pyridoxal phosphate attachment was found to be acetylated. This data set provides evidence for the generality of lysine acetylation in eubacteria and opens opportunities to explore the consequences of acetylation modification on the molecular physiology of B. subtilis.
Mechanical Characteristics and Thermal Decomposition Behavior of Polytetrahydrofuran Binder using Glycerol Propoxylate (Mn=260) as Crosslinking Agent
Authors: Kohga Makoto 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPolytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) is an effective binder ingredient for improving propellant performance, even though it is not an energetic material. PTHF becomes sufficiently rubbery for use as a binder when a triol material such as glycerin is added as a crosslinking modifier. The cured PTHF/glycerin binder had unsatisfactory mechanical characteristics for use as a propellant binder, so a more appropriate crosslinking modifier than glycerin needs to be found. In this study, glycerol propoxylate (GPO), with a molecular weight of 260, was used as a crosslinking modifier, and the curing behavior, tensile properties, and thermal decomposition behaviors of the PTHF binder using GPO were investigated. The PTHF/GPO blend did not solidify when the PTHF/GPO mole ratio (ξ) was greater than a certain value. The PTHF (Mn=650)/GPO blend with ξ≤5 and the PTHF (Mn=1400)/GPO blend with ξ≤3 were used as propellant binders. From the curing behaviors and tensile properties, it was found that the PTHF/GPO binders ensured optimal mixing of the propellant ingredients and casting of the uncured propellant into the rocket motor case, and the tensile properties of the binders changed more drastically with the variation in ξ than did those of the PTHF/glycerin binders. The thermal decomposition behaviors of the PTHF/GPO binders were hardly dependent on ξ and were almost identical to those of the PTHF/glycerin binders.
Covalent organic frameworks and their metal nanoparticle composites: Prospects for hydrogen storage
Authors: Kalidindi Suresh Babu , Fischer Roland A. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) are microporous crystalline organic frameworks with large specific surface areas. The area of COFs is rapidly developing in the direction of finding potential applications in fields like gas storage, photovoltaics, and catalysis. With respect to hydrogen storage, at first glance, COFs possess all the advantages of metal‐organic frameworks (surface area, pore volume, rigidity of the structure). In addition, since the molecular frameworks of COFs are composed of light elements (C, Si, B, and O), these materials have exceptionally low densities. Due to this advantage, a lot of research activity (both theoretical and experimental) was reported in the recent literature on hydrogen‐storage properties of COFs. Also, several strategies were suggested for enhancing H2‐storage capacities of COFs at cryogenic as well as room temperatures. In this feature article, we broadly discuss the scope of COFs as hydrogen storage media and also review the strategies suggested for enhanced room‐temperature hydrogen‐storage properties. Further, the concept of “spillover” is reviewed critically in metal@COFs and metal@MOFs systems.
The Wemple–DiDomenico model as a tool to probe the building blocks conforming a glass
Authors: González‐Leal J. M. 
Published: March 2013

Abstractmagnified imageThe low‐frequency optical dielectric response of glasses is discussed regarding its sensitivity to the presence of building blocks conforming their structure. The model suggested by Wemple and DiDomenico to describe the dispersion of the refractive index of solids is further developed in terms of the cation local bonding environment and its effect in the value of the dispersion energy. As40S60−xSex glass alloys have been studied under these considerations and quantitative estimates of the concentration of building blocks are reported. Results are consistent with Raman experiments.
Screening and interlayer coupling in multilayer MoS2
Authors: Das Saptarshi , Appenzeller Joerg 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe two‐dimensional layered semiconducting di‐chalcogenides are emerging as promising candidates for post‐Si‐CMOS applications owing to their excellent electrostatic integrity and the presence of a finite energy bandgap, unlike graphene. However, in order to unravel the ultimate potential of these materials, one needs to investigate different aspects of carrier transport. In this Letter, we present the first comprehensive experimental study on the dependence of carrier mobility on the layer thickness of back‐gated multilayer MoS2 field‐effect transistors. We observe a non‐monotonic trend in the extracted effective field‐effect mobility with layer thickness which is of relevance for the design of high‐performance devices. We also discuss a detailed theoretical model based on Thomas–Fermi charge screening and interlayer coupling in order to explain our experimental observations. Our model is generic and, therefore, is believed to be applicable to any two‐dimensional layered system.magnified imageA model explaining the experimental findings related to screening and interlayer coupling in multilayer MoS2.(© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Broad‐Spectrum Antibacterial Activity of Carbon Nanotubes to Human Gut Bacteria
Authors: Chen Hanqing , Wang Bing , Gao Di , Guan Ming , Zheng Lingna , Ouyang Hong , Chai Zhifang , Zhao Yuliang , Feng Weiyue 
Published: March 2013

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) hold promise in manufacturing, environmental, and biomedical applications, as well as food and agricultural industries. Previous observations have shown that CNTs have antimicrobial activity; however, the impact of CNTs to human gut microbes has not been investigated. Here, the antibacterial activity of CNTs against the microbes commonly encountered in the human digestion system—L. acidophilus, B. adolescentis, E. coli, E. faecalis, and S. aureus—are evaluated. The bacteria studied include pathogenic and non‐pathogenic, gram‐positive and negative, and both sphere and rod strains. In this study, CNTs, including single‐walled CNTs (SWCNTs, 1–3 μm), short and long multi‐walled CNTs (s‐MWCNTs: 0.5–2 μm; l‐MWCNTs: >50 μm), and functionalized multi‐walled CNTs (hydroxyl‐ and carboxyl‐modification, 0.5–2 μm), all have broad‐spectrum antibacterial effects. Notably, CNTs may selectively lyse the walls and membranes of human gut microbes, depending on not only the length and surface functional groups of CNTs, but also the shapes of the bacteria. The mechanism of antibacterial activity is associated with their diameter‐dependent piercing and length‐dependent wrapping on the lysis of microbial walls and membranes, inducing release of intracellular components DNA and RNA and allowing a loss of bacterial membrane potential, demonstrating complete destruction of bacteria. Thin and rigid SWCNT show more effective wall/membrane piercing on spherical bacteria than MWCNTs. Long MWCNT may wrap around gut bacteria, increasing the area making contact with the bacterial wall. This work suggests that CNTs may be broad‐spectrum and efficient antibacterial agents in the gut, and selective application of CNTs could reduce the potential hazard to probiotic bacteria.