bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRF2 and lamin A/C interact to facilitate the functional organization of chromosome ends
Authors: Wood Ashley M. , Danielsen Jannie M. Rendtlew , Lucas Catherine A. , Rice Ellen L. , Scalzo David , Shimi Takeshi , Goldman Robert D. , Smith Erica D. , Le Beau Michelle M. , Kosak Steven T. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractTelomeres protect the ends of linear genomes, and the gradual loss of telomeres is associated with cellular ageing. Telomere protection involves the insertion of the 3′ overhang facilitated by telomere repeat-binding factor 2 (TRF2) into telomeric DNA, forming t-loops. We present evidence suggesting that t-loops can also form at interstitial telomeric sequences in a TRF2-dependent manner, forming an interstitial t-loop (ITL). We demonstrate that TRF2 association with interstitial telomeric sequences is stabilized by co-localization with A-type lamins (lamin A/C). We also find that lamin A/C interacts with TRF2 and that reduction in levels of lamin A/C or mutations in LMNA that cause an autosomal dominant premature ageing disorder—Hutchinson Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS)—lead to reduced ITL formation and telomere loss. We propose that cellular and organismal ageing are intertwined through the effects of the interaction between TRF2 and lamin A/C on chromosome structure.
BRCA1 haploinsufficiency for replication stress suppression in primary cells
Authors: Pathania Shailja , Bade Sangeeta , Le Guillou Morwenna , Burke Karly , Reed Rachel , Bowman-Colin Christian , Su Ying , Ting David T. , Polyak Kornelia , Richardson Andrea L. , Feunteun Jean , Garber Judy E. , Livingston David M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBRCA1—a breast and ovarian cancer suppressor gene—promotes genome integrity. To study the functionality of BRCA1 in the heterozygous state, we established a collection of primary human BRCA1+/+ and BRCA1mut/+ mammary epithelial cells and fibroblasts. Here we report that all BRCA1mut/+ cells exhibited multiple normal BRCA1 functions, including the support of homologous recombination- type double-strand break repair (HR-DSBR), checkpoint functions, centrosome number control, spindle pole formation, Slug expression and satellite RNA suppression. In contrast, the same cells were defective in stalled replication fork repair and/or suppression of fork collapse, that is, replication stress. These defects were rescued by reconstituting BRCA1mut/+ cells with wt BRCA1. In addition, we observed ‘conditional’ haploinsufficiency for HR-DSBR in BRCA1mut/+ cells in the face of replication stress. Given the importance of replication stress in epithelial cancer development and of an HR defect in breast cancer pathogenesis, both defects are candidate contributors to tumorigenesis in BRCA1-deficient mammary tissue.
Increased dipicolinic acid production with an enhanced spoVF operon in Bacillus subtilis and medium optimization
Authors: Takahashi Fumikazu , Sumitomo Nobuyuki , Hagihara Hiroshi , Ozaki Katsuya 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Dipicolinic acid (DPA) is a multi-functional agent for cosmetics, antimicrobial products, detergents, and functional polymers. The aim of this study was to design a new method for producing DPA from renewable material. The Bacillus subtilis spoVF operon encodes enzymes for DPA synthase and the part of lysine biosynthetic pathway. However, DPA is only synthesized in the sporulation phase, so the productivity of DPA is low level. Here, we report that DPA synthase was expressed in vegetative cells, and DPA was produced in the culture medium by replacement of the spoVFA promoter with other highly expressed promoter in B. subtilis vegetative cells, such as spoVG promoter. DPA levels were increased in the culture medium of genetically modified strains. DPA productivity was significantly improved up to 29.14 g/L in 72 h culture by improving the medium composition using a two-step optimization technique with the Taguchi methodology.
Characterization and expression analyses of two plastidic enolase genes in rice
Authors: Fukayama Hiroshi , Masumoto Chisato , Taniguchi Yojiro , Baba-Kasai Akiko , Katoh Yuuki , Ohkawa Hiroshi , Miyao Mitsue 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
To verify the presence of enolase related to the chloroplastic glycolysis in rice, database search was carried out and identified seven putative enolase genes in the rice genome. Among them, OsEno1 and OsEno3 encode long proteins with N-terminal extensions. GFP protein fusions of these N-terminal extensions were both targeted to plastids of onion epidermal cell. Promoter::GUS analysis showed that OsEno3 was highly expressed in young developing leaves, but its expression was drastically decreased during leaf development and greening. On the other hand, the expression of OsEno1 was low and detected in limited portions such as leaf sheath at the tiller base. Recombinant OsEno1 protein showed enolase activity with a pH optimum at pH 8.0, whereas OsEno3 did not exhibit detectable activity. Although it remains obscure if OsEno3 encodes a functional enolase in vivo, our results demonstrate that the entire glycolytic pathway does not operate in rice chloroplasts.
Effects of a 5-year trawling ban on the local benthic community in a wind farm in the Dutch coastal zone
Authors: Bergman Magda J. N. , Ubels Selma M. , Duineveld Gerard C. A. , Meesters Erik W. G. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
As part of a large impact study in a wind farm (OWEZ) in the Dutch coastal zone, the effects of exclusion of bottom trawling on the benthic community were studied by comparison with nearby reference areas which were regularly fished. In addition to a standard boxcorer for common macrofauna, a Triple-D dredge was used to collect longer-lived, more sparsely distributed infauna and epifauna. Multivariate analysis did not reveal any difference between the assemblages in and outside OWEZ with respect to abundance, biomass, and production after a 5-year closure. The Shannon–Wiener diversity index pointed to a significantly higher diversity in OWEZ compared with some of the reference areas. A minority of the bivalve species assumed to be sensitive to trawling showed higher abundances (Spisula solida) or larger sizes (Tellina fabula, Ensis directus) in OWEZ than in some of the reference areas. In general, samples collected with the Triple-D showed more differences between areas than boxcore samples. No evidence was also found that the species composition in OWEZ relative to the reference areas had changed in the period between 1 (2007) and 5 (2011) years after closure. The change observed in all areas between 2007 and 2011 was mainly due to relatively small variations in species abundances. In conclusion, 5 years after the closure of OWEZ to fisheries, only subtle changes were measured in the local benthic community, i.e. a higher species diversity and an increased abundance and lengths of some bivalves. Depleted adult stocks, faunal patchiness, and a limited time for recovery (5 years) might explain that a significant recovery could not be found. The current study shows that designation of large-scale marine protected areas as planned for the North Sea will not automatically imply that restoration of benthic assemblages can be expected within a relatively short period of years.
Mental health issues in the schools: are educators prepared?
Authors: Andrews Amy , McCabe Mike , Wideman-Johnston Taunya 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– Mental health issues are exceedingly prevalent in society. Approximately one in five people will experience a mental illness within their lifetime and serious mental illnesses are most likely to emerge between the ages of 16 and 24. This research endeavored to gain a better understanding of teachers’ knowledge and perceived roles in dealing with students with mental health issues. The purpose of this paper is to explore teacher education programs and other resources accessible to teachers as well as barriers to their continued learning about issues related to mental health.

Design/methodology/approach
– In total, 75 secondary school teachers completed an online survey consisting of 42 Likert-style questions constructed with the main objective of the study in mind. The questions were organized under five different subheadings in the survey in order to provide some direction regarding the research questions. Measures of central tendency were utilized to determine frequencies of responses. The researchers created summary tables of the data for analysis purposes.

Findings
– Teachers indicate that it is within their role to deal with mental health issues, but many do not have the knowledge to do so. Teacher education programs are not providing enough preparation for teachers and, although available, many teachers do not have knowledge of resources produced by interest groups.

Research limitations/implications
– Teacher education programs, both pre-service and in-sevice, must respond to the needs of teachers. In doing so, the authors can then address the needs of students and assist them in the challenges that mental illnesses present.

Practical implications
– While an educator's role does not officially include being a mental health practitioner, it is their role to educate all students. This inevitably requires an understanding of the connection between mental health issues and how they affect a student's ability to learn and to live a healthy life.

Social implications
– Resiliency theory suggests “the most important and consistent protective factor is that of adults caring for children during or after major stressors” (Masten et al., 1991, p. 431). Who better placed to assist them than teachers?

Originality/value
– This research adds to the ever-increasingly difficulty tasks that teachers are charged with implementing. It identifies a clear need for increased attention to preparing teachers.
BAT – Biodiversity Assessment Tools, an R package for the measurement and estimation of alpha and beta taxon, phylogenetic and functional diversity
Authors: Cardoso Pedro , Rigal François , Carvalho José C. 
Published: November 2014

Summary

Novel algorithms have been recently developed to estimate alpha and partition beta diversity in all their dimensions (taxon, phylogenetic and functional diversity – TD, PD and FD), whether communities are completely sampled or not.

The R package BAT – Biodiversity Assessment Tools – performs a number of analyses based on either species identities (TD) or trees depicting species relationships (PD and FD). Functions include building randomized accumulation curves for alpha and beta diversity, alpha diversity estimation from incomplete samples and the partitioning of beta diversity in its replacement and richness difference components.

All functions allow the rarefaction of communities. Estimation methods include curve‐fitting and nonparametric algorithms. Beta diversity indices include the Jaccard and Sørensen families of measures and deal with both incidence and abundance data. Two auxiliary functions that allow judging the efficiency of the algorithms are also included.

Several examples are shown using the data included in the package, which demonstrate the usefulness of the different methods. The BAT package constitutes an open platform for further development of new biodiversity assessment tools.
Deferasirox effect on renal haemodynamic parameters in patients with transfusion‐dependent β thalassaemia
Authors: Piga Antonio , Fracchia Silvia , Lai Maria E. , Cappellini Maria Domenica , Hirschberg Raimund , Habr Dany , Wegener Antje , Bouillaud Emmanuel , Forni Gian Luca 
Published: November 2014

SummarySome patients with β thalassaemia experience non‐progressive creatinine increases with deferasirox, mostly within normal limits; the mechanisms involved are not fully elucidated. The effects of deferasirox on renal haemodynamics, including glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF), were investigated in a Phase I, open‐label study in β thalassaemia major patients with iron overload. Patients received deferasirox 30 mg/kg/d up to Week 8, followed by a 2‐week washout period, and extended treatment up to Week 104 with a 4‐week washout period. In the short‐term study (n = 11), mean GFR and RPF declined from baseline to Week 8 (mean [%] change:−9·2 [−9·5%] and −105·7 ml/min [−17·8%], respectively). A similar pattern was observed during the long‐term study (n = 5); mean GFR and RPF decreased up to Week 52 (−19·1 [−17·7%] and −155·6 ml/min [−26·1%]), with similar change at Week 104 (−18·4 [−17·2%] and −115·9 ml/min [−19·6%]). Measures returned to baseline values after each washout. Serum creatinine and creatinine clearance followed a similar pattern. Effects of deferasirox on renal haemodynamics were mild and reversible for up to 2 years of treatment, with no progressive worsening of renal function over time. www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00560820.
A pilot study on reparixin, a CXCR1/2 antagonist, to assess safety and efficacy in attenuating ischaemia–reperfusion injury and inflammation after on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Opfermann P , Derhaschnig U , Felli A , Wenisch J , Santer D , Zuckermann A , Dworschak M , Jilma B , Steinlechner B 
Published: November 2014

SummaryReparixin, a CXCR 1/2 antagonist, has been shown to mitigate ischaemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) in various organ systems in animals, but data in humans are scarce. The aim of this double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of reparixin to suppress IRI and inflammation in patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Patients received either reparixin or placebo (n = 16 in each group) after induction of anaesthesia until 8 h after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We compared markers of systemic and pulmonary inflammation, surrogates of myocardial IRI and clinical outcomes using Mann–Whitney U- and Fisher's exact tests. Thirty- and 90-day mortality was 0% in both groups. No side effects were observed in the treatment group. Surgical revision, pleural and pericardial effusion, infection and atrial fibrillation rates were not different between groups. Reparixin significantly reduced the proportion of neutrophil granulocytes in blood at the beginning [49%, interquartile range (IQR) = 45–57 versus 58%, IQR = 53–66, P = 0·035], end (71%, IQR = 67–76 versus 79%, IQR = 71–83, P = 0·023) and 1 h after CPB (73%, IQR = 71–75 versus 77%, IQR = 72–80, P = 0·035). Reparixin patients required a lesser positive fluid balance during surgery (2575 ml, IQR = 2027–3080 versus 3200 ml, IQR = 2928–3778, P = 0·029) and during ICU stay (2603 ml, IQR = 1023–4288 versus 4200 ml, IQR = 2313–8160, P = 0·021). Numerically, more control patients required noradrenaline ≥ 0·11 μg/kg/min (50 versus 19%, P = 0·063) and dobutamine (50 versus 25%, P = 0·14). Therefore, administration of reparixin in CABG patients appears to be feasible and safe. It concurrently attenuated postoperative granulocytosis in peripheral blood.
Making Probabilistic Relational Categories Learnable
Authors: Jung Wookyoung , Hummel John E. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractTheories of relational concept acquisition (e.g., schema induction) based on structured intersection discovery predict that relational concepts with a probabilistic (i.e., family resemblance) structure ought to be extremely difficult to learn. We report four experiments testing this prediction by investigating conditions hypothesized to facilitate the learning of such categories. Experiment 1 showed that changing the task from a category‐learning task to choosing the “winning” object in each stimulus greatly facilitated participants' ability to learn probabilistic relational categories. Experiments 2 and 3 further investigated the mechanisms underlying this “who's winning” effect. Experiment 4 replicated and generalized the “who's winning” effect with more natural stimuli. Together, our findings suggest that people learn relational concepts by a process of intersection discovery akin to schema induction, and that any task that encourages people to discover a higher order relation that remains invariant over members of a category will facilitate the learning of putatively probabilistic relational concepts.
Clinical features and treatment of drug fever caused by anti‐tuberculosis drugs
Authors: Fang Yong , Xiao Heping , Tang Shenjie , Liang Li , Sha Wei , Fang Yuanyuan 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackground and AimsTuberculosis is a major global health problem. However, anti‐tuberculosis drug treatment has many adverse effects, such as drug‐caused fever. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features and treatments of anti‐tuberculosis drugs‐induced fever.MethodsA total of 78 inpatients and outpatients with pulmonary tuberculosis accompanied by drug fever during the anti‐tuberculosis treatment were analysed retrospectively from April 2006 to March 2013.ResultsAmong the anti‐tuberculosis drugs that caused the drug fever, rifampicin was the most common one, followed by para‐aminosalicylic and pyrazinamide. The symptoms occurred within 2 months after treatment, mainly in the 1–3 weeks, and the main symptom was high fever with body temperature above 39°C. The accompanying symptoms include rash, chills, headache, stuffy nose, runny nose, nausea, vomiting and joint pain. Routine blood examination found that eosinophilia increased in 15 cases and decreased in another 15. Among 63 patients who underwent liver function tests, there were 10 cases of abnormal function and 4 cases of liver damage. When the drug fever was suspected, the measure of withdrawal was taken first. All the suspected drugs were withdrawn in 59 cases, while gradual withdrawal was conducted in 19 cases. Patients with complications were first treated in accordance with the principles of complications treatment and then were gradually given some drugs after recovery. The patients without complications were gradually given some drugs after the body temperature was back to normal.ConclusionDrug fever is an allergic reaction, the resolution of which depends on whether it was accompanied by liver damage and/or rash or not.
Climate change‐induced decline in bamboo habitats and species diversity: implications for giant panda conservation
Authors: Li Renqiang , Xu Ming , Wong Michelle Hang Gi , Qiu Shuai , Sheng Qingkai , Li Xinhai , Song Zengming 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAimConservation strategies must anticipate how climate change may alter the geographic distributions of limited food resources for highly specialized species. Here, we use bamboo as a case study to investigate climate change‐induced changes in species diversity and discuss how to protect the critical food species for giant pandas.LocationGiant panda habitats.MethodsUsing a niche‐based model and the most updated climate projections, we projected the current and future distribution of 16 bamboo species under no and universal dispersal assumptions. We then assessed the impact of climate change on bamboo forests and their alpha and beta diversities in the giant panda habitats and reserves.ResultsUnder both dispersal assumptions and three RCPs, six bamboo species are projected to vanish from panda habitats as climate change progresses, resulting in a great loss of the current bamboo forests. Although about half of the bamboo species may potentially colonize new climatically suitable areas under universal dispersal, the other species would experience significant habitat loss. Consequently, climate change would reduce both the alpha and beta diversity of bamboo species in panda habitats. Meanwhile, the proportion of single‐species bamboo forests would significantly increase. The decline in bamboo forests and diversity would be most drastic in Qinling, Daxiangling and Qionglaishan Mountains, whereas those in the north‐west of Minshan Mountains and Liangshan Mountains may increase.Main conclusionsClimate change‐induced decline in bamboo habitats and species diversity would pose a severe challenge to the food availability of giant pandas. We posit that human‐assisted adaptation and increasing bamboo species diversity are critical to ensuring food security of the giant panda in a changing climate. Our results indicate that conservation planning should not only incorporate species range shifts but also diversity patterns in communities under climate change.
Increased large VLDL particles confer elevated cholesteryl ester transfer in diabetes
Authors: Dullaart Robin P. F. , de Vries Rindert , Kwakernaak Arjan J. , Perton Frank , Dallinga‐Thie Geesje M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackgroundPlasma cholesteryl ester transfer (CET), reflecting transfer of cholesteryl esters from high density lipoproteins (HDL) towards apolipoprotein B‐containing lipoproteins, may promote atherosclerosis development, and is elevated in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We determined the extent to which the relationship of plasma CET with very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions is modified in T2DM.Materials and methodsPlasma CET, cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) mass, as well as VLDL and LDL subfractions (nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) were determined in 62 patients with T2DM and 53 nondiabetic subjects.ResultsPlasma CET and CETP mass were increased in T2DM, coinciding higher triglycerides and large VLDL particles (all P < 0·02). Plasma CET was positively related to the VLDL and the LDL particle concentration in age‐, sex‐ and diabetes status‐adjusted analysis (both P < 0·001). Multivariable linear regression analysis demonstrated an independent positive interaction between the presence of T2DM and the VLDL concentration on plasma CET (β = 0·238, P = 0·033). The relationship of plasma CET with the VLDL concentration was also positively modified by plasma glucose (β = 0·211, P = 0·004) and glycated haemoglobin (β = 0·190, P = 0·012). Of the individual VLDL subfractions, a positive interaction of diabetes status with large VLDL on plasma CET was observed (β = 0·280, P = 0·003). Neither the relationship of the LDL particle concentration nor of CETP mass with plasma CET was modified by the presence of T2DM (P > 0·15).ConclusionAbnormalities in the concentration and composition of large VLDL particles are likely to contribute to elevated plasma CET in T2DM.
Efficacy and safety of low‐dose lenalidomide plus dexamethasone in patients with relapsed or refractory POEMS syndrome
Authors: Cai Qian‐Qian , Wang Chen , Cao Xin‐Xin , Cai Hao , Zhou Dao‐Bin , Li Jian 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAlthough autologous stem cell transplantation or melphalan‐based chemotherapy has significantly improved the prognosis of POEMS syndrome, a few patients will relapse or be refractory to primary therapy, and there is a lack of studies regarding these patients. In this study, we used low‐dose lenalidomide (10 mg daily) and dexamethasone (40 mg, once weekly) to treat twelve patients with relapsed (n = 8) or refractory (n = 4) POEMS syndrome. After a median follow‐up time of 20 months, the overall hematologic response rate was 77% with 44% having a complete response. Eight (67%) patients had neurological response, and the median overall neuropathy limitation scale score was reduced from 3 (range, 1–9) to 2 (range, 0–6). Serum vascular endothelial growth factor response rate was 91% and 46% of patients had normal serum VEGF levels. One patient had progression of the disease 3 months after the end of treatment and subsequently died from the disease. Therefore, the estimated 2 year overall survival and progression‐free survival were 92%. The low‐dose lenalidomide and dexamethasone regimen was well tolerated, with no treatment‐related death or any grade 3 or 4 toxicity. In conclusion, low‐dose lenalidomide plus dexamethasone therapy is an effective and safe regimen for patients with relapsed or refractory POEMS syndrome.