bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamical Symmetry and B(E2) Transitions of (_42^94)Mo by Utilizing (IBM-1)
Authors: Ghafoor Berun N. , Ali Fatima H. , Ahmed Didan B. 
Published: July 2024

Background:In this study, we utilize the IBM-1 model to theoretically investigate the structural characteristics of , with a specific emphasis on a nucleus consisting of 5 bosons. Employing the IBM-1, an innovative interacting boson model, we analyze the nuclear structure.
Materials and Methods:
In our theoretical exploration, we delved into the nuclear architecture of Molybdenum. Employing the Interacting Boson Model (IBM-1), we identified the pertinent Hamiltonian to scrutinize the isotope in this research endeavor.
Results:
Our investigation delved into the symmetry limit of the proposed nucleus, unveiling its stable nature within the SU(5) dynamical symmetry domain. To optimize alignment with observed energy states in experiments, we meticulously determined the parameters in the IBM-1 Hamiltonian equation. Furthermore, our research extends to the computation of B(E2) transitions, quadrupole moments, and energy levels across all bands for the examined nucleus.
Conclusions:
Our investigation reveals the stability of the nucleus in the isotope, showcasing the presence of SU(5) dynamical symmetry. These findings offer fresh perspectives by suggesting additional electric quadrupole moments.
Shedding Light on Breast Cancer, its Development, And Methods of Diagnosis and Prevention
Authors: Jasim Zainab Mohammed , Jawad Nawras Najah , Shemran Khawla A. 
Published: July 2024

It is a complex task to find out a specific reason of breast cancer which are based on multiple factors. Nevertheless, hormones, especially estrogens, are the ones that are mostly responsible for hampering unrestricted division of cancerous cells in the mammary gland. Fully knowing their role is pivotal for matching preventive and therapeutic plans. Chromosomal anomalies are abundant in this inborn module but they are next to BRCA1 and BRCA2, the errors that increase the risk. The diagnostic technologies which include HER2/neu testing and gene expression profiling are made to personalize the therapy practice with the intention to enhance the outcomes. The amalgam of environmental, hormonal, and genetic influences results in the creation of an individuality. The effectiveness of rehabilitation can be drastically boosted through the early identification of a disease process. A mammogram, the top screening tool for breast cancer built-in, can spot a cancer even before it shows any symptoms. In the matter of particles the breast cancer treatment has been changed greatly. Distressed tablets like trastuzumab and aromatase inhibitors in the event when accompanied by traditional chemotherapy, which in return produce efficacy with lesser side effects. Preventative policies encompass the realization of lifestyle changes as well as medical intervention. Maintaining a healthy weight, doing some extra movements, and limiting alcohol intake are all good examples of what you can do to reduce your chances of complications. Successful chemoprevention among high-risk subjects, via drugs like raloxifene and tamoxifene, has been founded. Immunotherapy is a novel approach of curing cancer by triggering immune response of the body.A review of its mechanism of operation, and preventive measures. The precision of staging is improved because of other supplementary information that is available in additional techniques like MRI and ultrasound. Such individuals can be candidates for preventive procedures such as oophorectomy or mastectomy.
Embedding of Neutrosophic Graphs on Topological Surfaces
Authors: Majeed Amir Sabir 
Published: July 2024

Background:
A planar graph (PG) is a graph with no intersecting edges. Particular to both crisp and neutrosophic graphs (NG) is the planar graph, in contrast to crisp planar graphs. NPGs allow for the intersection of neutrosophic edge NEs, since the value of planarity in these graphs is the degree of planarity of the intersected NEs. The NPGs are often represented on a flat surface.
Materials and Methods:
This study discusses how to embed NGs on surfaces such as spheres and m-toruses by defining the degree of intersection of the neutrosophic edges of NGs with finding the faces on the given graph structures using Euler's theorems. Here, the proofs of Euler's theorems help us find, given the total NFV of G, the interval containing that value.
Result:
As result of this work obtained that for any two isomorphic planer graphs, they have the same planarity value. For any neutrosophic planer graph with f = (1,1,1) can be embedded in the plane if it can be embedded in the sphere and according to NPGs, for planar and spherical surfaces, equivalent theorems to Euler's formula are proved and shown.
Conclusion:
It concludes that by using neutrosophic sets and crisp graphs to construct neutrosophic graphs with the benefit of Euler’s theorem, it can provide the concept of embedding neutrosophic graphs in different topological surfaces such as a plane, sphere, and m-torus.
Exploring the Interplay of Respiratory Infections and Bacterial Agents
Authors: Al-maamory Rana Kadum Kareem , AL-Mammory Abd Alnabi Jawed 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Bacterial infections are often associated with respiratory infections, commonly complicating conditions like pneumonia, bronchitis, and sinusitis. Understanding this link is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment in managing respiratory health.
Materials and Methods:
Researcher cultivate bacteria from patients with respiratory diseases in a specialized nutritional medium. This process allows for the identification and characterization of pathogenic microorganisms and their interactions within the respiratory tract. By studying these cultivated samples, scientists can gain valuable insights into the nature of respiratory infections, including the types of bacteria presents, their behaviors, and how they interact with the respiratory system. This method plays a crucial role in understanding the microbiology of respiratory diseases, facilitating the development of targeted treatments and interventions to combat these conditions.
Results:
The results of our study revealed a significant correlation between the variables under investigation, supporting our hypothesis. Statistical analysis demonstrated a clear pattern of outcomes, with notable trends and variations observed in the collected data.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, our study underscores the importance of addressing bacterial infections as a critical aspect of managing respiratory illnesses. These findings contribute to a broader understanding of respiratory health and may inform strategies for more effective prevention and management of bacterial complications in respiratory infections.
Estimation of Toll-like Receptors- 9 Levels in Iraqi Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Huadi Noor AL_huda Razakh , Abd Frial G. , Mohsen Liqaa Y. 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Innate receptor called toll-like receptor 9 is capable of identifying both microbial and vertebrate DNA.It has been found in both normal mammary gland epithelial cells and breast milk cells.TLR-9was estimated in serum of patients and breast tissue for breast disease.
Methods:
A 100 women (17–60 years old) were determined undergoing breast surgery at Babylon Province's Al-Fayhaa Al Ahly Hospital and AL-Hilla Teaching Hospital provided blood and breast tissue samples. Hospital histology lab and clinical surgery performed histological confirmation of breast diseases( benign and malignant tumors). Twenty blood samples were taken as controls from women who appeared to be in good health. TLR9 was measured in the serum of patients with breast diseases as well as the control group using ELIZA.
Results:
The mean level of TLR9 in serum of patient was 339.4667 ng/l while control was 316.9929 ng/l with found significant differences where P_value was (0.05). while tissue of patient was 276.1064 ng/l. Concentrations of TLR9 were significantly higher in serum compared with tissues at (P≥0.05).The results found no significantly differences in concentrations of TLR9 among types of diseases in sera of patients. This study found concentration of TLR9 increased with primary breast diseases and it might be prognostic marker
Conclusion :
This study found concentration of TLR 9 increased with primary breast diseases and it might be prognostic marker
Functional outcome of pertrochanteric fractures undergoing Dynamic Hip Screw versus Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-Rotation Techniques at a Tertiary care hospital of Karachi.
Authors: Pervaiz Hashmi  , Wajahat Alam  
Published: July 2024

Objective: To find out the functional outcomes as per Harris hip score (HHS) among patients of pertrochanteric fractures undergoing dynamic hip screw (DHS) versus proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) at a Tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Non-randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Orthopedic Section, Department of Surgery, Agha Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: 1st August 2023 to 30th January 2023. Methods: A total of 40 patients of age 18 and older with confirmed pertrochanteric fractures were non-randomly allocated to ether fixation with DHS or PFNA. Intra-opeative blood loss and duration of surgery were recorded. The functional outcome assessment was assessed using HHS. Results: In a total of 40 patients, 31 (77.5%) were female. The mean age was 67.63±15.13 years (ranging between 23 to 89 years). The most common mechanism of fall was tipped over loose carpet, noted in 17 (42.5%) patients. The mean intra-operative blood loss in DHS and PFNA groups were 73.75±20.06 ml, and 72.75±23.14 ml, respectively (p=0.885). The mean duration of surgery were 76.6±14.7 minutes, and 115.1±18.3 minutes in DHS and PFNA groups, respectively (p<0.001). Excellent, good, fair, poor, and failed outcomes were reported in 3 (7.5%), 17 (42.5%), 6 (15.0%), 10 (25.0%), and 4 (10.0%) patients respectively. When both groups were compared for outcomes, no statistically significant differences were observed (p=0.339). The mean HHS in DHS, and PFNA groups were 75.26±11.41, and 73.46±14.57, respectively (p=0.666). Conclusion: Functional outcomes as per HHS were relatively similar with DHS and PFNA approaches in patients with pertrochanteric fractures.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI ENDOFIT DARI DAUN SIRIH HIJAU (Piper betle L.) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN GEN 16S rRNA SERTA UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERINYA
Authors: Sartika Diza , Irwandi Irwandi , Novelni Ringga , Alena Meysa 
Published: July 2024

Tanaman sirih hijau (Piper betle L.) merupakan tanaman yang banyak digunakan sebagai obat tradisional, karena memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder yang diduga mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan aktivitas antibakteri yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri endofit dari daun sirih hijau terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Daun sirih hijau yang diambil daun pucuk hijau (PH) daun muda hijau (MH) dan daun tua hijau (TH) aktivitas antibakteri diuji dengan metode Kirby-Bauer. Hasil yang didapatkan karakteristik bakteri endofit dari identifikasi morfologi secara makroskopik yaitu bulat, timbul datar, terdapat lengkungan, putih bening dan putih kekuningan. Sedangkan hasil identifikasi morfologi secara mikroskopik dengan cara pewarnaan gram yaitu berbentuk basil dan termasuk gram positif. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri uji Staphylococcus aureus yaitu PH (6,91 mm), MH (10,25 mm) dan TH (10,03 mm) yang seluruhnya tergolong lemah dan termasuk bakteri yang berspektrum sempit. Sedangkan terhadap bakteri uji Escherichia coli tidak memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil identifikasi molekuler menunjukkan bahwa isolat MH memiliki kemiripan 100 % dengan Bacillus siamensis strain cqsM9 ribosomal RNA. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat 3 isolat murni bakteri endofit yang dilakukan uji aktivitas antibakteri, isolat yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terbesar yaitu isolat MH yang merupakan spesies dari Bacillus siamensis
PENGARUH PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH, MURABAHAH, DAN IJARAH TERHADAP RETURN ON ASSET PADA BANK MUAMALAT INDONESIA
Authors: Ambarwati Egy , Septian Haerisma SEI, MSI Alvien , Wahyuningsih SE,MM Nining 
Published: July 2024

Berdasarkan data dari laporan publikasi triwulan Bank Muamalat Indonesia pada 5 tahun terakhir 2019-2023 menunjukkan bahwa produk pembiayaan Mudharabah, Murabahah serta Ijarah pada Bank Muamalat Indonesia mengalami fluktuasi setiap tahunnya sampai dengan 2023. Bank Muamalat Indonesia pada 2023 memiliki aset 61,4 triliun dan pertumbuhan aset sebesar 4,2%. Namun Bank Muamalat Indonesia hanya memiliki nilai ROA sebesar 0,09%, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa angka ROA memiliki nilai dibawah standar rata-rata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pengaruh pembiayaan Mudharabah, Murabahah dan Ijarah terhadap peningkatan ROA pada Bank Muamalat Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini yang diperoleh dari data sekunder yang berupa data time series dengan rentan waktu 5 tahun mulai dari tahun 2019 hingga 2023. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode dokumentasi dan studi pustaka, data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda dengan alat pengolahandata SPSS 22. Pengaruh pembiayaan mudharabah terhadap ROA menunjukkan nilai positif. Sedangkan pembiayaan murabahah dan ijarah menunjukkan nilai negatif terhadap ROA. Based on data from Bank Muamalat Indonesia's quarterly publication report for the last 5 years 2019-2023, it shows that Mudharabah, Murabahah and Ijarah financing products at Bank Muamalat Indonesia fluctuate every year until 2023. Bank Muamalat Indonesia in 2023 has assets of 61.4 trillion and asset growth of 4.2%. However, Bank Muamalat Indonesia only has an ROA value of 0.09%, this shows that the ROA figure has a value below the average standard. This study aims to measure the effect of Mudharabah, Murabahah and Ijarah financing on increasing ROA at Bank Muamalat Indonesia. In this study, which was obtained from secondary data in the form of time series data with a vulnerable time of 5 years starting from 2019 to 2023. Data collection using documentation methods and literature studies, the collected data was analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS 22 data processing tools. The effect of mudharabah financing on ROA shows positive value. Meanwhile, murabahah and ijarah financing show a negative value to ROA.
Peran Pendidikan Agama Kristen Dalam Mengatasi Masalah Moderasi Beragama Terkait Penyalahgunaan Media Sosial (Hoax)
Authors: Keiluhu Monita , Wairisal Ervina S , Sopakua Samel 
Published: July 2024

Konflik antar umat beragama pada dasarnya bukan lagi hal yang baru. Tindakan diskriminasi terhadap kaum minoritas juga merupakan alasan mengapa konflik antar umat beragama itu terjadi. Untuk mencegah terjadinya maka dibuatlah moderasi antar umat beragama. Tujuan adanya moderasi beragama ini ialah untuk membuat setiap umat beragama dapat saling menghargai antar umat beragama dengan cara hidup bertoleransi. Akan tetapi dalam kehidupan moderasi beragama tidak bisa terlepas dari yang namanya masalah. Salah satunya ialah masalah hoax. hoax merupakan berita palsu yang gampang sekali beredar dimedia sosial dan membawa dampak yang buruk terutama bagi kehidupan beragama, karena dapat mengakibatkan konflik dalam beragama. Untuk mengatasi hal ini pendidikan agama Kristen mempunyai peranan yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan bersama ditengah – tengah perbedaan dengan menekankan pada kehidupan kasih, dengan cara mengasihi sesama sebagai bentuk dari moderasi beragama. Selain tujuan pendidikan agama Kristen juga membantu agar manusia dapat bijak dalam menggunakan IPTEK, dan dapat menganalisis informasi – informasi dengan benar serta dapat menyampaikan informasi yang sudah terbukti keabsahannya. Dengan demikian, hoax dapat dihindari dan kehidupan umat beragama dapat rukun.
Pendidikan Alquran Berbasis Budaya Melayu Dan Iptek Di MAN 2 Langkat Tanjung Pura Kabupaten Langkat
Authors: Maulida Maulida , Ahmad Fatimah , Salimi Nur 
Published: July 2024

This research aims to she how koran education is based on malay culture and science and technology in Man 2 Langkat , Langkat Distrcik. We know that knowledge is hinted at by Allah in the Koran in the form of raising the level of people who have knowlwdge and it is imposibble to achieve progress (desire) to function this nature well without the power. Science and technology is a means for humanity to always be able to color to maly culture that exists in Langkat. Science and technology is a person’s advanced knowledge and is able to be a tool for solving problems. It is something that no one can leave behind because it is very important. This is often mentioned in the Koran , meaning that Islam strongly recommends the development of science and technology. The link between Malay culture based Koranic education and science ad technology is that the Koran views education as the first and main issue in developing and improving the condition of humanity in the world. The teachings contained therein include faith, monotheism, noble morals, and rules regarding vertical and horizontal relationships which are instilled through education based on Malay culture and science adan technology.In this research, the author provides how to direct and guide children through alquran and science and technology education which is currently developing very rapidly. Malay culture is a step towards maintaining the existing culture in teaching children about Alquran education. Where there are still many parent educating their children to recite the Koran in the afternoon in the villages to get alquran education. As the development of science and technology progresses, it does not become an obstacle for children to receive alquran education.As for the method used in this research, this researcha uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with a qualitative approach. With a qualitative approach, researchers will look at the malay cultural phenomenon in Man 2 Langkat as a forum for implementing formal education. The qualitative selection in this research objectives that want to be described, namely to reveal Alquran education, the development of Malay culture, the implementation of science and technology development on the character of student in the second world. This reason is very correct and appropriate considering the nature of the qualitative research process which involves important efforts such as asking questions and producedures, collecting specific data and interpreting the meaning of the data.
Implementasi Kebijakan dalam Pengelolaan Bumdes di Desa Sindang Sari Kecamatan Pabuaran, Banten
Authors: Adriani Natasya , Ivanna Julia 
Published: July 2024

This study aims to look at the implementation of policies made by the village government towards BUMDs in Sindang Sari Village, Pabuaran Subdistrict, Banten. The method used in this article uses a qualitative descriptive method, namely data collection using interview techniques and writing foundations supported by literature review in line with the discussion discussed in this article. The results show that the implementation of BUMD management policies in Sindang Sari Village still faces many challenges. Although the village government has made efforts to harmonize policies and regulations regarding BUMDs, the level of community participation is still small. This is due to the lack of a consistent and effective outreach program. Many parties are willing to join the BUMDes program either as funders or collaborators. This is due to the low level of community trust in the management of the BUMD and the lack of social support for the benefits provided by the BUMD for the welfare of the village.
الأوضاع الاجتماعية للمرأة الحضرية في مدينة دهوك - دراسة تحليلية
Authors: سميه سعيد خالد م.م. , محمد سعيد حسين البرواري أ.د. 
Published: July 2024

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل الأوضاع الاجتماعية للمرأة الحضرية في مدينة دهوك، حيث أن دور المرأة كأم يعتبر من أهم الادوار في الحياة الأسرية، وفي حياة الأبناء بالأساس، والأم سواء في البيئة الريفية أو الحضرية تتعدد أدوارها، واليوم نجدها في البيئة الحضرية تقوم بعدة أدوار كنتيجة طبيعية للتغيير الاجتماعي المصاحب للتحضر، الأمر الذي وسع من مساحة فعاليتها في أسرتها، وقد يحدث صراع في هذه الأدوار أو يسودها التماسك والانسجام، وفي جميع الحالات تنعكس على الاسرة وعلى عملية التنشئة الاجتماعية بإعتبارها تجمع بين التكوين البيولوجي للطفل واحتياجات النمو الاجتماعي من ناحية أخرى.
ويمكن القول بأن البيئة الحضرية ولدت صراعات داخلية للمرأة، لأن اختيار المرأة لدورها في الحياة أصبح معقداً إلى حدٍ كبير، وذلك لتعرضها لضغوط قوى عديدة، فهي من ناحية تخضع لضغوط التقاليد والطبيعة البيولوجية التي تدفعها في اتجاه الاعمال المنزلية والأمومة، ومن ناحية أخرى الفرص التي أصبحت متاحة أمامها في عالم الوظيفة والعمل بالأجر، ويواجه اختيار المرأة العقبات نتيجة لأربعة عوامل: الزواج، الأعمال المنزلية، إنجاب الاطفال وتربيتهم، والوظيفة. وقد استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي.
التجمع الإنساني واصل الدولة
Authors: حسن ماهر غشيم م.م , باقر إبراهيم حسين الزيدي أ. د . 
Published: July 2024

التجمع ضروري للأفراد و هو لسد حاجاتهم فالفرد عاجز عن توفير الحاجات الضرورية لنفسه ، لذلك تطلب الى ايجاد دولة توفر له تلك الحاجات فكان ظهور الدولة لدى افلاطون هو للحاجة المادية قبل كل شيء فكانت الدولة وسيلة لسد حاجات الافراء بينما هيجل رفض ذلك الشيء وعد الدولة غاية ولسيت وسيلة. ورفض كل النظريات التي ذهبت الى القول بأن أساس الدولة هو التجميع الانساني وعد تلك المجتمعات مجتمعات وحشية ولم تدخل التاريخ بعد. ولم تبلغ الوعي الثقافي والسياسي. فما وجود الدولة الا من خلال عمل الاشخاص أي من عمل العقل. فما الدولة الا كيان ثابت تتحد به جميع أنشطه الافراد من قانون ، وفن ، ودين و وعلم ، وأدب، وفلسفة ، الدولة ما هي الا كائن حي نتج من خلال حياة الكلي التي أخذت تسري في الاجزاء. والدولة ضرورية للأفراد، وهي الفكرة المطلقة والكلية.
Review on Fish Diversity and Habitat Relationship with Environmental Variables
Authors: Gurung Jeevan Kumar 
Published: July 2024

The fish diversity and habitat are correlated with environmental variables affecting their distribution and population dynamics. The study helps to assess the status of over-exploited and endandered species. The endemic species were found to be declining due to habitat loss, degradation, alterations or modifications. Migratory fishes got disturbed by the damming in river. Upstream site had more fish assemblage than downstream. The characteristics’ of habitat like substrate, elevation, flow velocity etc. contributed to the spatial and temporal distribution of fishes.. This review aims to to expore the information related to the fish diversity and their habitat relationship to the existing environmental variables especially in river ecosystem. Majority of reviewed papers reported that fish diversity was decreased with the increase in altitude however, the result differed in terms of species richness of each taxon. The physico-chemical parameters of water played vital role in various aspects of fishes such as Juvenile stages of many fishes were found much more in well oxygenated and clear water while it was being retarded by urbanization, over-exploitation and anthropogenic activities. Fish yield was found to be increased during monsoon and summer than other seasons.
Salt Solutions as Quenchants
Authors: Zordao Luís H. P. , Canale Lauralice C.F. , Totten George E. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article explains cooling mechanisms involving saltwater solutions used as quenchants. The analyses of cooling power include studies of cooling curves, heat-transfer coefficients, and cooling rates. The influence of other bath parameters, such as temperature and agitation, is also discussed. The article discusses solute additions and several factors impacting quenching.