bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of a mobile technology on learning strategies in the anatomy laboratory
Authors: Mayfield Chandler H. , Ohara Peter T. , O'Sullivan Patricia S. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMobile technologies offer new opportunities to improve dissection learning. This study examined the effect of using an iPad‐based multimedia dissection manual during anatomy laboratory instruction on learner's perception of anatomy dissection activities and use of time. Three experimental dissection tables used iPads and three tables served as a control for two identical sessions. Trained, non‐medical school anatomy faculty observers recorded use of resources at two‐minute intervals for 20 observations per table. Students completed pre‐ and post‐perception questionnaires. We used descriptive and inferential analyses. Twenty‐one control and 22 experimental students participated. Compared with controls, experimental students reported significantly (P < 0.05) less reliance on paper and instructor resources, greater ability to achieve anatomy laboratory objectives, and clarity of the role of dissection in learning anatomy. Experimental students indicated that the iPad helped them in dissection. We observed experimental students more on task (93% vs. 83% of the time) and less likely to be seeking an instructor (2% vs. 32%). The groups received similar attention from instructors (33% vs. 37%). Fifty‐nine percent of the time at least one student was looking at the iPad. Groups clustered around the iPad a third of their time. We conclude that the iPad‐manual aided learner engagement, achieved instructional objectives, and enhanced the effectiveness and efficiency of dissection education. Anat Sci Educ 6: 81–89. © 2012 American Association of Anatomists.
Users' views on current and future real‐time bus information systems
Authors: Rahman Md. Matiur , Wirasinghe S.C. , Kattan Lina 
Published: August 2012

SUMMARYActual bus arrival times often deviate from the posted schedules due to a variety of factors; hence, providing real‐time bus information can improve service quality. This study examined users' views and perceptions towards the possible future availability of real‐time bus information systems in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. A face‐to‐face paper‐based survey was conducted to collect the data. Various statistics and methods, such as ANOVA tests, ordinal regression and binary logistic regression, were used to analyse the data. The results showed that 35.5% of the respondents either agreed or strongly agreed that the current information system deterred or discouraged them from using public transport. In addition, a significant portion of respondents (82%) stated that they board the first arriving bus, even though it may take a longer in‐vehicle time to complete the trip, because of uncertainty regarding the arrival time of the next alternative bus with a shorter in‐vehicle travel time. A majority of the respondents (88%) indicated that real‐time transit information would not be necessary if bus headways are less than 10 minutes. As for preferred information content, information on the next bus arrival time received the highest priority. In general, Light Rail Transit (LRT) users showed the least interest in real‐time information. Women, younger riders, current car users and infrequent transit users showed a higher interest in real‐time information. Display boards at bus stops were perceived to be the most preferred medium to get en‐route information, whereas a website/call centre was stated to be the preferred media for pre‐trip information. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling effects of different air traffic control operational procedures, separation rules, and service disciplines on runway landing capacity
Authors: Janic Milan 
Published: August 2012

SUMMARYThis paper deals with modeling the possible effects of different advanced procedures, existing, innovative, and new air traffic control (ATC) separation rules, and service disciplines on the ultimate landing capacity of a single runway. The first implies a combination and/or exclusive use of conventional and steeper final approach and landing procedures. The second includes the current horizontal, innovative mixed horizontal/vertical and new vertical distance‐based and time‐based separation rules. The last embrace the common First Come, First Served and innovative Priority service discipline. Such increasingly complex and challenging applications are assumed to be based on the new technologies on‐board the aircraft and at the ATC to be developed in the scope of the current United States Next Generation Air Transport System and European Single European Sky ATM Research programs.The convenient analytical models for calculating the runway landing capacity are developed and applied to the generic case of a single runway according to the “what–if” scenario approach. This enables carrying out the sensitivity analysis of the landing capacity with respect to the most influential factors – the ATC advanced operational procedures, separation rules, service disciplines, and aircraft fleet mix. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An alkalophilic laccase from Rheinheimera species isolate: Production and biobleaching of kraft pulp
Authors: Virk Antar Puneet , Capalash Neena , Sharma Prince 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMedium optimization was carried out to enhance laccase production from a novel Rheinheimera species, isolated from industrial effluent. Out of the 15 variables tested by Placket–Burman design (PBD)—yeast extract, soyabean meal, and peptone were the positively significant ones, enhancing laccase production. Both simple and complex sugars showed a negative effect on laccase production. Central composite design (CCD) of experiments, using the three positively significant variables in combinations, showed that laccase production was not affected by molar carbon, molar nitrogen levels or molar C/N ratio. Maximum laccase yield of 2.5 × 105 nkat L−1, 31 fold enhancement over the unoptimized medium, was achieved when soyabean meal (0.6%) was used alone as medium showing that laccase production was substrate dependent. Laccase was used, in the presence of 2 mM ABTS, for the biobleaching of eucalyptus kraft pulp resulting in kappa number reduction by 20% and brightness increase by 2.9%. Biobleaching improved further by sequential application of an alkalophilic xylanase (X) and laccase‐ABTS system (LAS) that decreased kappa number by 10, 15, and 35%, increased brightness by 2.7, 3.2, and 5.9% as compared to X treated, LAS treated and untreated control, respectively. XLAS treatment resulted in 15, 13, 10.9% increase in burst factor, tear factor, and viscosity with a 20% reduced consumption of elemental chlorine and hypochlorite. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2012
Comparison of 3‐year clinical outcomes between classic crush and modified mini‐crush technique in coronary bifurcation lesions
Authors: Yang Hyoung‐Mo , Tahk Seung‐Jea , Choi So‐Yeon , Yoon Myeong‐Ho , Lim Hong‐Seok , Choi Byoung‐Joo , Woo Seong‐Ill , Joe Dai‐Yeol , Seo Kyoung‐Woo , Jin Xiong Jie , Kim Jin‐Woo , Hwang Gyo‐Seung , Shin Joon‐Han 
Published: August 2012

ObjectivesWe aimed to compare long‐term clinical outcomes between modified mini‐crush (modi‐MC) technique with classic crush (crush) technique for treatment of bifurcation lesions.BackgroundThe modi‐MC technique showed excellent procedural success and favorable 9‐month clinical outcomes.MethodsFrom January 2005 to November 2009, we enrolled patients with de novo bifurcation lesions treated with modi‐MC (n= 112 lesions in 111 patients) and crush technique (n= 69 lesions in 67 patients). Primary endpoint was rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), a composite of all‐cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), and target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 3 years.ResultsThere was no significant difference in baseline characteristics. The modi‐MC technique showed a significantly higher success rate of final kissing balloon inflation (84.1 vs. 98.2%,P= 0.001). After 3 years, MACE rate was significantly lower in the modi‐MC group (25.4 vs. 12.6%,P= 0.030). The incidence of all‐cause death was 7.5 vs. 2.7% (P= 0.087), MI was 4.5 vs. 1.8% (P= 0.290), TLR was 17.4 vs. 8.9% (P= 0.093) and stent thrombosis was 3.0 vs. 1.8% (P= 0.632) in the crush and modi‐MC groups, respectively.ConclusionsThe modified mini‐crush technique showed more favorable 3‐year clinical outcomes compared to the classic crush technique. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Targeting the Production of Biomolecules by Extremophiles at Bioreactor Scale
Authors: Deive F. J. , López E. , Rodríguez A. , Longo M. A. , Sanromán M. Á. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractRecent alternatives to technological applications most commonly employed when the production of extremocompounds is approached at bioreactor scale, in batch, fed‐batch, and continuous mode, are summarized. Each operational mode is analyzed in the light of the more decisive variables affecting the performance of this kind of biological processes, namely, bioreactor configurations, culture medium design, operating conditions, or downstream processing. Bringing together genetic and bioreaction engineering with separation techniques is already the recommended strategy to solve the typical problems faced in bioprocesses with extremophiles and will serve to open up new opportunities for the development of unexplored fields such as renewable energies.
Modified Semi‐Coke‐Supported Cerium Oxide‐Doped Zinc Ferrites for the Removal of H2S from Coal Gas
Authors: Mi J. , Feng G. , Han L. , Guo T. , Zhu Y. , Wang J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractCerium oxide‐doped ZnFe2O4 sorbents supported on modified semi‐coke (MSC) were prepared to improve the desulfurization efficiency of zinc ferrites. The sulfidation tests of the ZnFe2O4/MSC sorbents with and without Ce were carried out using a fixed‐bed reactor at 450 °C. The effect of the CeO2/ZnFe2O4 molar ratio of the sorbents on the sulfur capacity was studied. The characteristics of the sorbents were analyzed by X‐ray diffraction, N2 adsorption, scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that cerium oxide could greatly improve the desulfurization reactivity of the ZnFe2O4/MSC sorbents. The molar ratio of Ce to Zn and Fe influences the desulfurization reactivity, and a good sulfur capacity of the sorbent can be obtained with a Ce/Zn/Fe ratio of 4:4:1. It was also found that the addition of CeO2 could enlarge the surface area and the pore volume, thus improving the dispersion of active components. Ce doping results in an increment of the oxygen adsorbed on the sorbent surface, which facilitates the adsorption of H2S. The Ce ions could act as carriers of the oxidation and reduction reactions and the oxygen transfer could be accelerated during the desulfurization process of coal gas.
Azobenzene Polyesters Used as Gate‐Like Scaffolds in Nanoscopic Hybrid Systems
Authors: Bernardos Andrea , Mondragón Laura , Javakhishvili Irakli , Mas Núria , de la Torre Cristina , Martínez‐Máñez Ramón , Sancenón Félix , Barat José M. , Hvilsted Søren , Orzaez Mar , Pérez‐Payá Enríque , Amorós Pedro 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe synthesis and characterisation of new capped silica mesoporous nanoparticles for on‐command delivery applications is reported. Functional capped hybrid systems consist of MCM‐41 nanoparticles functionalised on the external surface with polyesters bearing azobenzene derivatives and rhodamine B inside the mesopores. Two solid materials, Rh‐PAzo8‐S and Rh‐PAzo6‐S, containing two closely related polymers, PAzo8 and PAzo6, in the pore outlets have been prepared. Materials Rh‐PAzo8‐S and Rh‐PAzo6‐S showed an almost zero release in water due to steric hindrance imposed by the presence of anchored bulky polyesters, whereas a large delivery of the cargo was observed in the presence of an esterase enzyme due to the progressive hydrolysis of polyester chains. Moreover, nanoparticles Rh‐PAzo8‐S and Rh‐PAzo6‐S were used to study the controlled release of the dye in intracellular media. Nanoparticles were not toxic for HeLa cells and endocytosis‐mediated cell internalisation was confirmed by confocal microscopy. Furthermore, the possible use of capped materials as a drug‐delivery system was demonstrated by the preparation of a new mesoporous silica nanoparticle functionalised with PAzo6 and loaded with the cytotoxic drug camptothecin (CPT‐PAzo6‐S). Following cell internalisation and lysosome resident enzyme‐dependent gate opening, CPT‐PAzo6‐S induced CPT‐dependent cell death in HeLa cells.
Centralspindlin: At the heart of cytokinesis
Authors: White Erin A. , Glotzer Michael 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe final step in the cell cycle is the formation of two genetically identical daughter cells by cytokinesis. At the heart of cytokinesis in animal cells is the centralspindlin complex which is composed of two proteins, a kinesin‐like protein, Mitotic kinesin‐like protein 1, and a Rho GTPase activating protein (RhoGAP), CYK‐4. Through its targeted localization to a narrow region of antiparallel microtubule overlap immediately following chromosome segregation, centralspindlin initiates central spindle assembly. Centralspindlin has several critical functions during cell division including positioning of the division plane, regulation of Rho family GTPases, as well as midbody assembly and abscission. In this review, we will examine the biochemistry of centralspindlin and its multiple functions during cell division. Remarkably, several of its critical functions are somewhat unexpected. Although endowed with motor domains, centralspindlin has an important role in generating stable, antiparallel microtubule bundles. Although it contains a Rho family GAP domain, it has a central role in the activation of RhoA during cytokinesis. Finally, centralspindlin functions as a motor protein complex, as a scaffold protein for key regulators of abscission and as a conventional RhoGAP. Because of these diverse functions, centralspindlin lies at the heart of the cytokinetic mechanism. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Patient‐specific computational biomechanics of the brain without segmentation and meshing
Authors: Zhang Johnny Y. , Joldes Grand Roman , Wittek Adam , Miller Karol 
Published: August 2012

SUMMARYMotivated by patient‐specific computational modelling in the context of image‐guided brain surgery, we propose a new fuzzy mesh‐free modelling framework. The method works directly on an unstructured cloud of points that do not form elements so that mesh generation is not required. Mechanical properties are assigned directly to each integration point based on fuzzy tissue classification membership functions without the need for image segmentation. Geometric integration is performed over an underlying uniform background grid. The verification example shows that, while requiring no hard segmentation and meshing, the proposed model gives, for all practical purposes, equivalent results to a finite element model. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phylogenetics links monster larva to deep‐sea shrimp
Authors: Bracken‐Grissom Heather D. , Felder Darryl L. , Vollmer Nicole L. , Martin Joel W. , Crandall Keith A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMid‐water plankton collections commonly include bizarre and mysterious developmental stages that differ conspicuously from their adult counterparts in morphology and habitat. Unaware of the existence of planktonic larval stages, early zoologists often misidentified these unique morphologies as independent adult lineages. Many such mistakes have since been corrected by collecting larvae, raising them in the lab, and identifying the adult forms. However, challenges arise when the larva is remarkably rare in nature and relatively inaccessible due to its changing habitats over the course of ontogeny. The mid‐water marine speciesCerataspis monstrosa(Gray 1828) is an armored crustacean larva whose adult identity has remained a mystery for over 180 years. Our phylogenetic analyses, based in part on recent collections from the Gulf of Mexico, provide definitive evidence that the rare, yet broadly distributed larva,C. monstrosa, is an early developmental stage of the globally distributed deepwater aristeid shrimp,Plesiopenaeus armatus. Divergence estimates and phylogenetic relationships across five genes confirm the larva and adult are the same species. Our work demonstrates the diagnostic power of molecular systematics in instances where larval rearing seldom succeeds and morphology and habitat are not indicative of identity. Larval–adult linkages not only aid in our understanding of biodiversity, they provide insights into the life history, distribution, and ecology of an organism.
Mono‐ and Dinuclear Ruthenium(II)–1,6,7,12‐Tetraazaperylene Complexes of N,N′‐Dimethyl‐2,11‐diaza[3.3](2,6)‐pyridinophane
Authors: Brietzke Thomas , Mickler Wulfhard , Kelling Alexandra , Schilde Uwe , Krüger Hans‐Jörg , Holdt Hans‐Jürgen 
Published: August 2012

AbstractRuthenium(II) complexes [Ru(L‐N4Me2)(dape)](PF6)2 {[1](PF6)2}, [Ru(L‐N4Me2)(tape)](PF6)2 {[2](PF6)2}, and [{Ru(L‐N4Me2)}2(μ‐tape)](PF6)4 {[3](PF6)4} were synthesized in two reaction steps by first reacting [Ru(DMSO)4Cl2] with tetraazamacrocyclic ligand N,N′‐dimethyl‐2,11‐diaza[3.3](2,6)‐pyridinophane (L‐N4Me2) in ethanol under microwave irradiation to the intermediate [Ru(L‐N4Me2)Cl2], which was subsequently, without further isolation, reacted with 1,12‐diazaperylene (dape) or 1,6,7,12‐tetraazaperylene (tape). X‐ray structures of [Ru(L‐N4Me2)(dape)](PF6)2, [Ru(L‐N4Me2)(tape)](PF6)2·acetone, and [{Ru(L‐N4Me2)}2(μ‐tape)](ClO4)4·MeCN were determined. The UV/Vis absorption spectra of [1](PF6)2, [2](PF6)2, and [3](PF6)4 in acetonitrile display intense low‐energy dπ(Ru)→π* (dape or tape) MLCT absorption bands centered at 579, 637, and 794 nm, respectively. Reversible metal oxidations for the bimetallic complex [{Ru(L‐N4Me2)}2(μ‐tape)]4+ ([3]4+) are detected at 1.69 and 1.28 V vs. SCE. The potential difference ΔE = 410 mV and the intervalence‐charge‐transfer (IVCT) transition at 2472 nm indicate a high degree of electronic interaction between the two ruthenium ions mediated through the tape bridging ligand. All three complexes, [1]2+, [2]2+, and [3]4+, were characterized by UV/Vis spectroelectrochemistry. The monooxidized and monoreduced states, [1]3+, [2]3+, [3]5+, and [1]+, [2]+, [3]3+, are accessible by reversible one‐electron oxidation and one‐electron reduction processes, respectively, as documented by the observation of several stable isosbestic points in the spectral progressions. The second reduction in each complex and the second oxidation in [3]4+ prove to be irreversible in these spectroelectrochemical experiments. Monoreduced species [1]+, [2]+, and [3]3+ yield EPR signals indicating that the unpaired electron is mainly centered on the “large surface” ligands dape or tape.
Intracerebral quantitative chromophore estimation from reflectance spectra captured during deep brain stimulation implantation
Authors: Johansson Johannes D. , Wårdell Karin 
Published: August 2012

AbstractQuantification of blood fraction (fblood), blood oxygenation (S), melanin, lipofuscin and oxidised and reduced Cytochrome aa 3 and c was done from diffuse reflectance spectra captured in cortex, white matter, globus pallidus internus (GPi) and subthalamus during stereotactic implantations of 29 deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes with the aim of investigating whether the chromophores can give physiological information about the targets for DBS. Double‐sided Mann‐Whitney U ‐tests showed more lipofuscin in GPi compared to white matter and subthalamus (p < 0.05). Compared to the other structures, fbloodwas significantly higher in cortex (p < 0.05) and S lower in GPi (p < 0.05). Median values and range for fblood were 1.0 [0.2–6.0]% in the cortex, 0.3 [0.1–8.2]% in white matter, 0.2 [0.1–0.8]% in the GPi and 0.2 [0.1–11.7]% in the subthalamus. Corresponding values for S was 20 [0–81]% in the cortex, 29 [0–78]% in white matter, 0 [0–0]% in the GPi and 0 [0–92]% in the subthalamus. In conclusion, the measurements indicate very low oxygenation and blood volume for DBS patients, especially in the GPi. It would be of great interest to investigate whether this is due to the disease, the normal situation or an artefact of doing invasive measurements. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Predominant role of PDGF receptor transactivation in Wnt3a-induced osteoblastic cell proliferation
Authors: Caverzasio Joseph , Biver Emmanuel , Thouverey Cyril 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Previous studies have shown that Wnt3a enhances the proliferation and inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). In this study, we investigated the signaling pathways involved in Wnt3a-induced osteoblastic cell proliferation. Experiments with DKK1, a natural antagonist of Lrp5/6, indicated that Wnt/β-catenin did not play a major role in Wnt3a-induced osteoblastic cell proliferation. The use of selective inhibitors of known mitogenic pathways implicates Src family kinases (SFKs) and a protein kinase C (PKC) in this cellular response. Time-dependent analysis of signaling molecules activated by Wnt3a in MC3T3-E1 cells revealed parallel activation of the canonical pathway and of several tyrosine kinases, including SFKs and PDGF receptors (PDGF-Rs). Functional analysis with specific inhibitors suggested a major role of PDGF-Rs in mediating Wnt3a-induced cell proliferation. Further investigation with an si-RNA approach confirmed a predominant role of this receptor in this cellular response. The use of soluble decoy PDGF-Rs that can sequester extracellular PDGFs excluding that part of the increased PDGF receptor phosphorylation by Wnt3a was the result of autocrine production of PDGFs. A selective SFK inhibitor blunted the enhanced PDGF-R phosphorylation and cell proliferation induced by Wnt3a. Studies of initial events involved in the regulation of this pathway suggest a role of dishevelled. In conclusion, data presented in this study indicate that cell proliferation induced by Wnt3a in osteoblastic cells is mediated by a dishevelled-dependent and β-catenin-independent pathway, which involves the transactivation of PDGF receptors. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Extending Hirshfeld‐I to bulk and periodic materials
Authors: Vanpoucke Danny E. P. , Bultinck Patrick , Van Driessche Isabel 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn this work, a method is described to extend the iterative Hirshfeld‐I method, generally used for molecules, to periodic systems. The implementation makes use of precalculated pseudopotential‐based electron density distributions, and it is shown that high‐quality results are obtained for both molecules and solids, such as ceria, diamond, and graphite. The use of grids containing (precalculated) electron densities makes the implementation independent of the solid state or quantum chemical code used for studying the system. The extension described here allows for easy calculation of atomic charges and charge transfer in periodic and bulk systems. The conceptual issue of obtaining reference densities for anions is discussed, and the delocalization problem for anionic reference densities originating from the use of a plane wave basis set is identified and handled. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.