bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Inland Eyewall Reintensification of Typhoon Fanapi (2010) Documented from an Observational Perspective Using Multiple-Doppler Radar and Surface Measurements
Authors: Liou Yu-Chieng , Chen Wang Tai-Chi , Huang Pei-Yu 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This study documents observational changes in the eyewall of Typhoon Fanapi (2010) after landfall in Taiwan. The observations indicate that Fanapi’s eye and eyewall disappeared on the eastern side of Taiwan’s Central Mountain Range (CMR) after landfall, but reemerged on the western side of CMR. The cyclonic circulation, increasing wind speed, a low-level low pressure and high temperature zone, the associated updrafts and downdrafts, and surface pressure and rainfall measurements all support the existence of a reintensified eyewall. The storm slowed down during the redeveloping stage, thus prolonging the rainfall duration over Taiwan.
On the western side of CMR a northwest–southeast-oriented rainband formed at an earlier stage, possibly due to the large-scale interaction between Fanapi’s remnant flow and the environment. However, the subsequent reintensification might be attributed to the interaction between the circulation and topography. This is supported by the finding that adjacent to CMR, strong wind develops vertically from lower levels, indicating that the reintensification appears to be initiated through a bottom-up process. A vorticity budget analysis shows that at lower layers the stretching mechanism plays a leading role in increasing positive vorticity, followed by the contributions from tilting and horizontal advection. The horizontal advection plays a comparable role to the vertical advection in increasing low- to midlevel vorticity. The vertical advection aloft is responsible for transporting the vorticity upward. Finally, this research provides a relatively rare documentation of the vortical hot towers (VHTs) over terrain using ground-based radars, in contrast to most previous studies focusing on maritime VHTs using simulations or aircraft measurements.
The modulatory effect of anandamide on nitroglycerin-induced sensitization in the trigeminal system of the rat
Authors: Nagy-Grócz Gábor , Tar Lilla , Bohár Zsuzsanna , Fejes-Szabó Annamária , Laborc Klaudia Flóra , Spekker Eleonóra , Vécsei László , Párdutz Árpád 
Published: October 2015

Background One of the human and animal models of migraine is the systemic administration of the nitric oxide donor (NO) nitroglycerin (NTG). NO can provoke migraine-like attacks in migraineurs and initiates a self-amplifying process in the trigeminal system, probably leading to central sensitization. Recent studies suggest that the endocannabinoid system is involved in nociceptive signal processing and cannabinoid receptor (CB) agonists are able to attenuate nociception in animal models of pain. Aim The purpose of the present study was to investigate the modulatory effects of a CB agonist anandamide (AEA) on the NTG-induced expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and kynurenine aminotransferase-II (KAT-II) in the upper cervical spinal cord (C1–C2) of the rat, where most of the trigeminal nociceptive afferents convey. Methods A half hour before and one hour after NTG (10 mg/kg) or placebo injection, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats ( n = 44) were treated with AEA (2 × 5 mg/kg). Four hours after placebo/NTG injection, the animals were perfused and the cervical spinal cords were removed for immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results and conclusion Our results show that NTG is able to increase TRPV1, nNOS, NF-κB and COX-2 and decrease KAT-II expression in the C1–C2 segments. On the other hand, we have found that AEA modulates the NTG-induced changes, thus it influences the activation and central sensitization process in the trigeminal system, probably via CBs.
Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Thrombocytopenia: Risk Factors, Treatment, and Outcome
Authors: Baelum Jens Kristian , Moe Espen Ellingsen , Nybo Mads , Vinholt Pernille Just 
Published: October 2015

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a frequent and potentially lethal condition. Venous thrombi are mainly constituted of fibrin and red blood cells, but platelets also play an important role in VTE formation. Information about VTE in patients with thrombocytopenia is, however, missing. Objectives: To identify VTE risk factors and describe treatment and outcome (bleeding episodes and mortality) in patients with thrombocytopenia. Patients/Methods: Patients with thrombocytopenia (platelet count <100 × 109/L) admitted to Odense University Hospital, Denmark, between April 2000 and April 2012 were included. Fifty cases had experienced VTE. Controls without VTE were matched 3:1 with cases on sex and hospital department. Medical records were examined, and data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Results: In multivariate analysis, platelet count <50 × 109/L (odds ratio [OR] 0.22, P < .05) and chronic liver disease (OR 0.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.01-0.58) reduced the risk of VTE. Surgery (OR 6.44, 95% CI 1.37-30.20) and previous thromboembolism (OR 6.16, 95% CI 1.21-31.41) were associated with an increased VTE risk. Ninety-two percent of cases were treated with anticoagulants. There was no difference in bleeding incidence between cases and controls. Conclusions: Several known VTE risk factors also seems to apply in patients with thrombocytopenia. Also, patients with thrombocytopenia may be VTE risk stratified based on platelet count and comorbidities. Finally, patients having thrombocytopenia with VTE seem to be safely treated with anticoagulants without increased occurrence of bleeding.
Safety and tolerability of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in healthy Chinese adults, children and infants
Authors: Zhu Fengcai , Hu Yuemei , Liang Qi , Young Mariano , Zhou Xin , Chen Zhangjing , Liang John Z. , Gruber William C. , Scott Daniel A. 
Published: October 2015

Objective: Pneumococcal disease is a global problem, including in China. The objective of this study was to provide safety data for single-dose 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in Chinese subjects, needed to begin a phase III safety and immunogenicity study in Chinese infants. Methods: Healthy Chinese adults (18−55 years), children (3−5 years), and infants (42–98 days) received a single dose of PCV13 in this open-label safety study. Local reactions and systemic events were collected for 7 days via an electronic diary; adverse events were recorded for 1 month after vaccination. Results: All 72 (24 per group) screened subjects (58.3% males; mean ± standard deviation [SD] age: 43.3 ± 9.1 years [adults], 4.5 ± 0.7 years [children], and 79.6 ± 15.2 days [infants]) were enrolled, received vaccine, and completed the study. The most frequently reported local reactions per group were pain at the injection site ( n = 23 adults [95.8%]), tenderness ( n = 18 children [75%]), and swelling ( n = 6 infants [25%]), none of which were severe. The mean duration of each local reaction was ⩽2.0 days in infants and ⩽2.4 days in children but in adults was 3.3 days for pain at the injection site and 9 days each for redness and swelling. Systemic events in adults were muscle pain ( n = 5), fatigue ( n = 3), and headache and joint pain ( n = 1 each). One child and seven infants had disturbed sleep (increased or decreased). One adult and one child had mild fever (37.7–38.5°C, as per China Food and Drug Administration guidelines). No subject used antipyretic medication. One adverse event (bronchopneumonia in an infant) was reported, which was serious, severe, and unrelated to vaccination. There were no deaths. Conclusions: A single dose of PCV13 was safe and well tolerated in healthy Chinese adults, children, and infants. This study provided the safety data to enable a phase III safety and immunogenicity registration trial in Chinese infants to proceed.
The Modulation Effect of Longitudinal Acupuncture on Resting State Functional Connectivity in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients
Authors: Chen Xiaoyan , Spaeth Rosa B. , Freeman Sonya G. , Scarborough Donna Moxley , Hashmi Javeria A. , Wey Hsiao-Ying , Egorova Natalia , Vangel Mark , Mao Jianren , Wasan Ajay D. , Edwards Robert R. , Gollub Randy L. , Kong Jian 
Published: October 2015

Recent advances in brain imaging have contributed to our understanding of the neural activity associated with acupuncture treatment. In this study, we investigated functional connectivity across longitudinal acupuncture treatments in older patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Over a period of 4 weeks (six treatments), we collected resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans from 30 patients before and after their first, third and sixth treatments. Clinical outcome showed a significantly greater pain subscore on the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) (indicative of improvement) with verum acupuncture than with sham acupuncture. Independent component analysis (ICA) of the resting state fMRI data showed that the right frontoparietal network (rFPN) and the executive control network (ECN) showed enhanced functional connectivity (FC) with the rostral anterior cingulate cortex/medial prefrontal cortex, a key region in the descending pain modulatory system, in the verum groups as compared to the sham group after treatments. We also found that the rFPN connectivity with the left insula is (1) significantly associated with changes in KOOS pain score after treatments, and (2) significantly enhanced after verum acupuncture treatments as compared to sham treatment. Analysis of the acupuncture needle stimulation scan showed that compared with sham treatment, verum acupuncture activated the left operculum/insula, which also overlaps with findings observed in resting state analysis. Our results suggest that acupuncture may achieve its therapeutic effect on knee OA pain by modulating functional connectivity between the rFPN, ECN and the descending pain modulatory pathway. Clinical trial number: NCT01079390
Youth unemployment and personality traits
Authors: Mendolia Silvia , Walker Ian 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper investigates the relationship between personality traits in adolescence and education and labour market choices. In particular, we investigate the impact of locus of control, effort and diligence, and self-esteem on the risk of youths being unemployed (sometimes referred to as NEET (“Not in Education, Employment or Training”), assuming unconfoundedness. Thus, our focus is on early dropouts from both education and the labour market at age 18–20. We use matching methods to control for a rich set of adolescent and family characteristics by estimating the treatment effects, conditional on unconfoundedness, of multiple personality traits at the same time (Wooldridge, Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data, 2010). Finally, we use the methodology proposed by Altonji (J Polit Economy 113:151–184, 2005) that involves making hypotheses about the correlation between the unobservables and observables that determine the outcomes and the unobservables that influence personality. Our results show that individuals that display low effort and diligence, low self-esteem, and external locus of control are estimated to be more likely to drop out of education and employment.Jel codes: J60, I10
In vitro cytotoxic and in silico activity of piperine isolated from Piper nigrum fruits Linn
Authors: Paarakh Padmaa M. , Sreeram Dileep Chandra , D Shruthi S. , Ganapathy Sujan P. S. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Background
Piper nigrum [Piperaceae], commonly known as black pepper is used as medicine fairly throughout the greater part of India and as a spice globally.

Purpose
To isolate piperine and evaluate in vitro cytotoxic [antiproliferative] activity and in silico method.

Methods
Piperine was isolated from the fruits of P.nigrum. Piperine was characterized by UV,IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and Mass spectrum. Standardization of piperine was done also by HPTLC fingerprinting. In vitro cytotoxic activity was done using HeLa cell lines by MTT assay at different concentrations ranging from 20 to 100 μg/ml in triplicate and in silico docking studies using enzyme EGFR tyrosine kinase.

Results
Fingerprinting of isolated piperine were done by HPTLC method. The IC50 value was found to be 61.94 ± 0.054 μg/ml in in vitro cytotoxic activity in HeLa Cell lines. Piperine was subjected to molecular docking studies for the inhibition of the enzyme EGFR tyrosine kinase, which is one of the targets for inhibition of cancer cells. It has shown −7.6 kJ mol−1 binding and 7.06 kJ mol−1 docking energy with two hydrogen bonds.

Conclusion
piperine has shown to possess in vitro cytotoxic activity and in silico studies.
Classroom strategies in teaching the media
Authors: Kupiainen Reijo 
Published: October 2015

Th is article is based on Chapter 5 of my book Media and Digital Literacies in Secondary School (2013). The chapter has been shortened and rewritten in some parts for the article. The article focuses on different classroom strategies identified during the ethnographic school research in one of the Finnish secondary schools carried out during the academic year 2009–2010. The study indicates that teachers analyse and produce media texts as key strategies in media education. In the article, I will give examples of an advertisement project, a soap opera drama, an animation project, a "life career assignment" and a newspaper strategy in different learning settings. All examples indicate that media education needs to build a strong bridge between youth and school culture and that technology in the school follows the content of learning.
Supporting cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies in technologically enhanced language learning
Authors: Saks Katrin , Leijen Äli 
Published: October 2015

Hea võõrkeeleoskus on globaliseeruvas maailmas eduka toimetuleku eeldus. On leitud, et õppija keeleoskus on seotud tema keeleõppestrateegiate kasutusega, seetõttu peetakse õpistrateegiate mõõtmist üheks enim levinud keeleõppe efektiivsuse hindamise meetodiks. Kuigi strateegiate kasutamise oskus ja harjumused on väga individuaalsed ning kujunevad välja pikema aja jooksul, on uuringud näidanud, et õppijaid on võimalik suunata kasutama efektiivsemaid õpistrateegiaid, toetades nende õpitegevust. Praeguse uurimuse eesmärk on töötada varasemate uurimistulemuste põhjal välja sekkumistegevused, millega toetatakse kognitiivseid ja metakognitiivseid keeleõppestrateegiaid tehnoloogiaga tõhustatud võõrkeelekursusel, ning katsetada nende efektiivsust. Sekkumine hõlmab spetsiaalseid õpiülesandeid, mille sooritamist toetatakse märguannetega. Andmed pärinevad nii ainetestist kui ka eesti keele jaoks kohandatud enesekohaste küsimustikega Est-SILLi, MSQLi ja SRL-SRSi eel- ja järeltestist, mis tehti neljakuusel erialase inglise keele kursusel. Uurimistulemused näitavad, et varasemates uurimustes välja pakutud kognitiivsete ja metakognitiivsete õpistrateegiate kombineeritud toetamine märguannetega annab positiivseid tulemusi nii keeleõppestrateegiate ja eneseregulatsiooni toetamisel kui ka aineteadmiste omandamisel.
Summary
Conceptual framework for learning analytics and its feasibility in the Estonian context
Authors: Tammets Kairit , Laanpere Mart 
Published: October 2015

Õpianalüütika on valdkond, mis areneb kiiresti ülikoolides ning on jõudmas ka üldhariduskoolidesse. Õpianalüütika võimaldab haridusuuringute raames kasutada veebipõhiste keskkondade kogutavaid avatud andmeid tõenduspõhiste otsuste tegemiseks (nt õppekavade või hariduspoliitiliste algatuste planeerimisel). Artikli eesmärk on välja pakkuda Eesti konteksti arvestav õpianalüütika kontseptuaalne raamistik, tuginedes kolme veebipõhise tarkvaralahenduse õpianalüütika mooduli arendusuuringutele. Uuringu empiiriline andmestik kogutakse uurimuspõhise disaini meetodil kasutajaid kaasavate disainisessioonide käigus. Kolme juhtumi analüüsi tulemusel pakutakse artiklis välja ühine õpianalüütika kontseptuaalne raamistik, mille olulised osad on pedagoogiline disain, avatud tehniline arhitektuur, visualiseeringud kasutaja õpianalüütika töölaual õppimiskogemuse tagasisidestamiseks ning õpianalüütikaga seotud eetika- ja privaatsusaspektid.
Summary
A Human Factor in Security Assurance for Social-Economic and Political Systems
Authors: Матевосова  , Matevosova K. 
Published: October 2015

This paper’s urgency consists in the need for the most effective using of the human capital for counteraction
to security threats related to social-economic and political systems in all areas of activity. The paper’s
subject is connected with developments, which are conducted in Nature Management and Environmental
Security (NM&amp;ES) Chair of the State University of Management in the frame of scientific school “Risk Management
and Security Assurance for Social-Economic and Political Systems” which head is the Honored
Scientist of the Russian Federation, Professor, Doctor of Engineering Ya.D. Vishnyakov. The problem has
global character, and within the country becomes an issue of national security ensuring. Therefore this paper
subject is included into one of above-mentioned scientific school’s research directions — “Strategic Risk
Management and Ecological-Economical Damage Assessment in Social-Economic and Political Systems”.
Considering all range of the modern world threats and their catastrophic consequences it is possible to tell
with confidence that the existing civilization is the risk one. It is common knowledge that so-called «human
factor» (HF) plays the essential role in the origin of accidents and catastrophes leading to emergency situations.
This factor’s negative role can be manifested in the lack of timely intervention, wrong intervention,
correct, but untimely intervention, excess or harmful intervention.
In the research of the HF phenomenon it is necessary to reveal, first of all, not only it’s cause-effect relations
with the emergency, but also to develop mechanisms allowing to use as much as possible opportunities
which are put in the HF concept. First of all it belongs to vocational training of persons making crucial decisions on security assurance, their continuous self-improvement and education, increase of these persons’
rigor and responsibility.
The security assurance problem solution demands not only a high standard for knowledge and abilities
of experts on all management levels, but also understanding by them a huge responsibility for future world
order. According to the Russian Federation’s National Security Strategy till 2020 the human potential development
and Russia’s human capital role increase are the priority direction in country’s further successful
development.
In the conditions of natural and technogenic risk increasing and market competition strengthening, the
knowledge management becomes a major factor of risk mitigation, security assurance of population and
State’s economical objects, improving competitiveness. Only thus the modern civilization of risk, using the
human capital’s intellectual power as a basis for the most effective human factor management, becomes
a knowledge and risk civilization. This thesis understanding and adoption of urgent decisions on security
assurance will allow mitigate all categories of risks at least by a decade in the coming years.
What Is the Impression of Physicians and Medical Care from the Viewpoint of Patients and Physicians? For Building a Better Relationship between Patients and Physicians
Authors: Wakabayashi Takao , Miyata Yasushi 
Published: October 2015

Object: Clarify the commonalities and differences in perspective toward physicians and medical care between patients and physicians.Methods: 9 items questionnaires, created in a previous study regarding physicians and medical care, were sent to primary care physicians to compare the perspective of physician and medical care by patients which became clear in previous study.Results: Among the 408 questionnaires sent, 301 responses were received (response rate 73.8%). Physicians thought that the profession of physicians is a pressing job and hence physicians can be trusted similar to tendency of patients in past research. As for the state of the profession of physicians, the tendency among physicians to consider the profession as that of service industry not as a scared profession was indicated.Discussion: For both patients and physicians, it was indicated that common awareness exits in them regarding the labor and behavior of physicians. Although there was an awareness that there is a tendency for physicians to consider the profession as part of service industry and for patients to consider being a physician as a sacred profession, it was indicated that the viewpoint toward physicians was not uniform for both groups.Conclusions: It can be thought that it is important to understand that there are differences in sentiment among physicians and patients regarding physicians and medical care for building a better relationship between patients and physicians.
Nature monitoring: a tool for the evaluation of the preservation of synanthropic habitats
Authors: Bomanowska Anna , Kirpluk Izabella 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The article presents the results of nature monitoring in synanthropic habitats. It shows the organizational aspects of monitoring, a survey procedure, including its assessment for use in synanthropic habitats, and the key findings of the research, including the evaluation of the conservation status of habitats covered by the monitoring and influencing factors’ effects. Observations of segetal and ruderal habitats were carried out in 2013 within the Kampinos National Park, according to the recommendations specified in the State Environmental Monitoring Programme, with specific adjustment to the monitored habitats. We used, for example, modified indices for specific structures and functions, e.g., by introducing the index of “archaeophytes”, which was also adopted as a cardinal index for synanthropic habitats. The obtained results show the detailed information, collected during monitoring, on the current status of synanthropic habitats. They allowed to evaluate conservation status, threats and conservation prospects for these habitats. This is the first proposal for the standardized monitoring of synanthropic habitats in Poland.
Physicochemical and excess properties of binary mixtures of (1-alkyl-3-methylimidazoliumchloride/bromide + ethylene glycol) at T = (288.15 to 333.15) K
Authors: Zhang Yun-Xia , Li Shu-Ni , Zhai Quan-Guo , Jiang Yu-Cheng , Hu Man-Cheng 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn the present work, the density, ρ, refractive index, n
The Early Triassic magmatism of the Alto ParaguayProvince, Central South America: Paleomagneticand ASM data
Authors: Ernesto Marcia , Comin-Chiaramonti Piero , Gomes Celso de Barros 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
A paleomagnetic studystudywork was carriedout on the Alto Paraguay Province (APP), a belt of alkalinecomplexes that parallel the Paraguay river for morethan 40 km at the border of Brazil and Paraguay. Theprovince is well dated by 40Ar/39Ar method giving ages inthe range 240–250 Ma with a preferred age of 241 Ma. Intrusiverocks are predominant but the stocks may be toppedby lava flows and ignimbrites. Paleomagnetic work onstocks, dikes and flows of the APP identified normal andreversed magnetic components which are carried mainlyby titanomagnetites. The calculated paleomagnetic polelocated at 319ºE 78ºS (α95 = 6º; k = 23) is in agreementwith other South American poles of Permo-Triassic age.Most of the sampling sites showed large variations in rockmagnetization, but similar patterns in the variation of thewithin-site magnetizations, mainly in dikes, suggest geomagneticpolarity transition records. The magnetizationdata along with the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibilitydeterminations suggested that the South and North areasof the province have different evolution characteristics.