bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decoherence induced by a sparse bath of two-level fluctuators: Peculiar features of
1/f
noise in high-quality qubits
Authors: Mehmandoost M. , Dobrovitski V. V. 
Published: August 2024

Progress in fabrication of semiconductor and superconductor qubits has greatly diminished the number of decohering defects, thus decreasing the devastating low-frequency 1/f noise and extending the qubits' coherence times (dephasing time T2* and the echo decay time T2). However, large qubit-to-qubit variation of the coherence properties remains a problem, making it difficult to produce a large-scale register where all qubits have a uniformly high quality. In this work, we show that large variability is a characteristic feature of a qubit dephased by a sparse bath made of many (n≫1) decohering defects, coupled to the qubit with similar strength. We model the defects as two-level fluctuators (TLFs) whose transition rates γ are sampled from a log-uniform distribution over an interval [γm,γM], which is a standard model for 1/f noise. We investigate decoherence by such a bath in the limit of high-quality qubit, i.e., when the TLF density d is small (the limit of sparse bath, with d=n/w≪1, where n is the number of TLFs and w=ln[γM/γm] is the log-width of the distribution). We show that different realizations of the bath produce very similar noise power spectra S(f)∼1/f, but lead to drastically different coherence times T2* and T2. Thus the spectral density S(f) does not determine coherence of a qubit coupled to a sparse TLF bath, as opposed to a dense bath; instead, decoherence is controlled by only a few exceptional fluctuators, determined by their value of γ. We show that removing only two of these TLFs greatly increases T2 and T2* times. Our findings help theoretical understanding and further improvements in the coherence properties of semiconductor and superconductor qubits, battling the 1/f noise in these platforms.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Analysis of smart warehouse in the context of India’s National Logistics Policy and digital-push: an ISM-MICMAC technique
Authors: Singh Shalini , Singh Ram 
Published: August 2024

PurposeIndia’s rapid economic growth has triggered a significant transformation in its logistics sector, fueled by comprehensive reforms and digital initiatives outlined in the National Logistics Policy. Smart warehouses, equipped with cutting-edge technologies such as IoT, AI and automation, have taken center stage in this evolution. They play a pivotal role in India’s digital journey, revolutionizing supply chains, reducing costs and boosting productivity. This AI-driven transformation, in alignment with the “Digital India” campaign, positions India as a global logistics leader poised for success in the industry 4.0 era. In this context, this study highlights the significance of smart warehouses and their enablers in the broader context of supply chain and logistics.Design/methodology/approachThis paper utilized the ISM technique to suggest a multi-tiered model for smart warehouse ecosystem enablers in India. Enablers are also graphically categorized by their influence and dependence via MICMAC analysis.FindingsThe study not only identifies the 17 key enablers fostering a viable ecosystem for smart warehouses in India but also categorizes them as linkage, autonomous, dependent and independent enablers.Research limitations/implicationsThis research provides valuable insights for practitioners aiming to enhance technological infrastructure, reduce costs, minimize wastage and enhance productivity. Moreover, it addresses critical academic and research gaps contributing to the advancement of knowledge in this domain, thus paving the way forward for more research and learning in the field of smart warehouses.Originality/valueThe qualitative modeling is done by collecting experts' opinions using the ISM technique solicits substantial value to this research.
The European Union and China's geoeconomic tools in a multipolar world
Authors: Gómez‐Hernández Unai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper analyzes what the geoeconomic tools of the European Union (EU) and China are and examines their nature from a comparative perspective. To this end, a literature review is conducted, accounting for the tools known as geoeconomic, and this is complemented by a content analysis of official documents, which include lesser‐known geoeconomic tools. The results indicate that although a similar number of geoeconomic tools have been identified, their salience and nature vary. While the EU's usage of these tools has lately been reactive to external developments and is not very often researched by academics, the Chinese usage takes a proactive stance. The paper concludes by pointing out that the development and relevance of these tools mirrors the systemic rivalry between the EU and China and indicates the geoeconomic shift that is taking place in international relations. Similarly, it also shows that the literature does not address all the geoeconomic tools there are and therefore this paper contributes to the literature by providing a comprehensive list of the instruments mentioned.
Prytanoides gen. nov., a new myodochine genus to include a new species from Argentina, and new records for Prytanes Distant, 1893 species (Hemiptera: Rhyparochromidae)
Authors: Dellapé Pablo M. , Melo María Cecilia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA new genus, Prytanoides gen. nov., is described to accommodate the new species Prytanoides prorrectus gen. et sp. nov. from Argentina. Its relationship with the presumably closely related Prytanes Distant,1893 is discussed. The distributional range of four Prytanes species is also extended: Prytanes formosus (Distant, 1882) and Prytanes foedus (Stål, 1860) are recorded for many provinces in Argentina; Prytanes oblongus (Stål, 1862) is recorded from Ecuador for the first time; and Prytanes tumens (Stål, 1874) from Mexico. For each species, we provide a colour habitus of the adult, together with photographs of the male genitalia of the new genus and species.
Remotely administered non‐deceptive placebos reduce COVID‐related stress, anxiety, and depression
Authors: Guevarra Darwin A. , Webster Christopher T. , Moros Jade N. , Kross Ethan , Moser Jason S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractResearch suggests that placebos administered without deception (i.e. non‐deceptive placebos) may provide an effective and low‐effort intervention to manage stress and improve mental health. However, whether non‐deceptive placebos administered remotely online can manage distress for people at risk for developing high levels of affective symptoms remains unclear. Volunteers experiencing prolonged stress from the COVID‐19 pandemic were recruited into a randomized controlled trial to examine the efficacy of a non‐deceptive placebo intervention administered remotely online on affective outcomes. COVID‐related stress, overall stress, anxiety, and depression were assessed at baseline, midpoint, and endpoint. Compared with the control group, participants in the non‐deceptive placebo group reported significant reductions from baseline in all primary affective outcomes after 2 weeks. Additionally, participants in the non‐deceptive placebo group found the intervention feasible, acceptable, and appropriate for the context. Non‐deceptive placebos, even when administered remotely online, offer an alternative and effective way to help people manage prolonged stress. Future large‐scale studies are needed to determine if non‐deceptive placebos can be effective across different prolonged stress situations and for clinical populations.
The interplay of learning, analytics and artificial intelligence in education: A vision for hybrid intelligence
Authors: Cukurova Mutlu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a multidimensional view of AI's role in education, emphasising the intricate interplay among AI, analytics and human learning processes. Here, I challenge the prevalent narrow conceptualisation of AI as tools in Education, exemplified in generative AI tools, and argue for the importance of alternative conceptualisations of AI for achieving human–AI hybrid intelligence. I highlight the differences between human intelligence and artificial information processing, the importance of hybrid human–AI systems to extend human cognition and posit that AI can also serve as an instrument for understanding human learning. Early learning sciences and AI in Education Research (AIED), which saw AI as an analogy for human intelligence, have diverged from this perspective, prompting a need to rekindle this connection. The paper presents three unique conceptualisations of AI: the externalisation of human cognition, the internalisation of AI models to influence human mental models and the extension of human cognition via tightly coupled human–AI hybrid intelligence systems. Examples from current research and practice are examined as instances of the three conceptualisations in education, highlighting the potential value and limitations of each conceptualisation for human competence development, as well as the perils of overemphasis on approaches that replace human learning opportunities with AI tools. The paper concludes with advocacy for a broader approach to AIED that goes beyond considerations on the design and development of AI and includes educating people about AI and innovating educational systems to remain relevant in an AI ubiquitous world.
Genome‐wide study identifies novel genes associated with bone toxicities in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Zhu Qianqian , Nambiar Ram , Schultz Emily , Gao Xinyu , Liang Shuyi , Flamand Yael , Stevenson Kristen , Cole Peter D. , Gennarini Lisa , Harris Marian H. , Kahn Justine M. , Ladas Elena J. , Athale Uma H. , Hoa Tran Thai , Michon Bruno , Welch Jennifer J. G. , Sallan Stephen E. , Silverman Lewis B. , Kelly Kara M. , Yao Song 
Published: August 2024

SummaryBone toxicities are common among paediatric patients treated for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) with potentially major negative impact on patients' quality of life. To identify the underlying genetic contributors, we conducted a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) and a transcriptome‐wide association study (TWAS) in 260 patients of European‐descent from the DFCI 05–001 ALL trial, with validation in 101 patients of European‐descent from the DFCI 11–001 ALL trial. We identified a significant association between rs844882 on chromosome 20 and bone toxicities in the DFCI 05–001 trial (p = 1.7 × 10−8). In DFCI 11–001 trial, we observed a consistent trend of this variant with fracture. The variant was an eQTL for two nearby genes, CD93 and THBD. In TWAS, genetically predicted ACAD9 expression was associated with an increased risk of bone toxicities, which was confirmed by meta‐analysis of the two cohorts (meta‐p = 2.4 × 10−6). In addition, a polygenic risk score of heel quantitative ultrasound speed of sound was associated with fracture risk in both cohorts (meta‐p = 2.3 × 10−3). Our findings highlight the genetic influence on treatment‐related bone toxicities in this patient population. The genes we identified in our study provide new biological insights into the development of bone adverse events related to ALL treatment.
Trajectories of social class and adult self‐perceived oral health
Authors: Aljubair Reem , Delgado‐Angulo Elsa Karina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the effect of social mobility on self‐perceived oral health (SPOH) by: (i)characterizing patterns of social mobility from birth to adulthood and (ii)assessing their influence on SPOH among British adults.MethodsA secondary data analysis of the 1970 British Cohort Study. Data were collected at birth and at 5, 10, 16, 26, 30, 34, 38, 42 and 46 years of age. Social class (SC) was indicated by parental SC from birth to age 16 and own SC from ages 26 to 42. At age 46, SPOH was measured using a single question. Sex, ethnicity, country and residence area were included as potential confounders. Latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was used to identify trajectories of exposure to non‐manual SC over time, instead of predetermined categories.ResultsLCGA identified four social mobility patterns: stable high, stable low, upwardly mobile and downwardly mobile; the time for the change in SC happening between 16 and 26 years. A total of 9657 participants were included. In the crude model, stable high had lower odds (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.59–0.76), while downward mobility and stable low had higher odds (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.15–1.61 and OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.40–1.77) of poor SPOH than upward mobility. These results were corroborated in the fully adjusted model; being female and living in rural areas was also associated with lower odds (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.59–0.71 and OR: 0.90, 95%CI: 0.80–1.00) of poor SPOH.ConclusionSocial mobility significantly affects SPOH in British adults. Those in non‐manual SC have better SPOH than those in manual SC. When compared to upward mobility, downwardly mobile individuals report bad SPOH more frequently, evidencing that current SC influences oral health in a slightly greater measure than early years SC.
Scaling up ocean conservation through recognition of key biodiversity areas in the Southern Ocean from multispecies tracking data
Authors: Becker Sarah L. , Boyd Charlotte , Handley Jonathan M. , Raymond Ben , Reisinger Ryan , Ropert‐Coudert Yan , Apelgren Nora , Davies Tammy E. , Lea Mary‐Anne , Santos Mercedes , Trathan Philip N. , Van de Putte Anton P. , Huckstadt Luis A. , Charrassin Jean‐Benoit , Brooks Cassandra M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBiodiversity is critical for maintaining ecosystem function but is threatened by increasing anthropogenic pressures. In the Southern Ocean, a highly biologically productive region containing many endemic species, proactive management is urgently needed to mitigate increasing pressures from fishing, climate change, and tourism. Site‐based conservation is one important tool for managing the negative impacts of human activities on ecosystems. The Key Biodiversity Area (KBA) Standard is a standardized framework used to define sites vital for the persistence of global biodiversity based on criteria and quantitative thresholds. We used tracking data from 14 species of Antarctic and subantarctic seabirds and pinnipeds from the publicly available Retrospective Analysis of Antarctic Tracking Data (RAATD) data set to define KBAs for a diverse suite of marine predators. We used track2kba, an R package that supports identification of KBAs from telemetry data through identification of highly used habitat areas and estimates of local abundance within sites. We compared abundance estimates at each site with thresholds for KBA criteria A1, B1, and D1 (related to globally threatened species, individual geographically restricted species, and demographic aggregations, respectively). We identified 30 potential KBAs for 13 species distributed throughout the Southern Ocean that were vital for each individual species, population, and life‐history stage for which they were determined. These areas were identified as highly used by these populations based on observational data and complement the ongoing habitat modeling and bioregionalization work that has been used to prioritize conservation areas in this region. Although further work is needed to identify potential KBAs based on additional current and future data sets, we highlight the benefits of utilizing KBAs as part of a holistic approach to marine conservation, given their significant value as a global conservation tool.
HDAC3 in action: Expanding roles in inflammation and inflammatory diseases
Authors: He Ruyuan , He Zhuokun , Zhang Tianyu , Liu Bohao , Gao Minglang , Li Ning , Geng Qing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInflammation serves as the foundation for numerous physiological and pathological processes, driving the onset and progression of various diseases. Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), an essential chromatin‐modifying protein within the histone deacetylase superfamily, exerts its transcriptional inhibitory role through enzymatic histone modification to uphold normal physiological function, growth, and development of the body. With both enzymatic and non‐enzymatic activities, HDAC3 plays a pivotal role in regulating diverse transcription factors associated with inflammatory responses and related diseases. This review examines the involvement of HDAC3 in inflammatory responses while exploring its therapeutic potential as a target for treating inflammatory diseases, thereby offering valuable insights for clinical applications.
Knowledge Aided by Observation†
Authors: Haddock Adrian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAnscombe seems to think that, even though “the knowledge that a man has of his intentional actions” is not “knowledge by observation”, it can be aided by observation. My aim in this essay is to explain how I think we should understand this thought. I suggest that, in a central class of cases, knowledge of one's intentional action is knowledge whose canonical linguistic expression is an utterance of the form “I am doing something to that G": knowledge in which the subject, at once, knows himself “as self" (and so, not by observation), and knows an outer object “as other” (and so, by observation). To characterise this knowledge either as knowledge by observation, or as knowledge not by observation, is to characterise it in a manner that abstracts away from its fundamental unity.
Functional neurological disorder in Europe: regional differences in education and health policy
Authors: Serranová Tereza , Di Vico Ilaria , Tinazzi Michele , Aybek Selma , Bilic Ervina , Binzer Stefanie , Bøen Erlend , Bruggeman Arnout , Bratanov Christo , Cabreira Veronica Raquel Alheia , Golder Dawn , Dunalska Anna , Falup‐Pecurariu Cristian , Garcin Beatrice , Gelauff Jeannette , Laffan Aoife , Podnar Simon , Pareés Isabel , Plender Tom , Popkirov Stoyan , Romanenko Volodymyr , Schwingenschuh Petra , Seliverstov Yury , Sjöström Carl , Škorvánek Matej , Stamelou Maria , Zailskas Donatas , Edwards Mark J. , Stone Jon 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundFunctional neurological disorder (FND) is a common cause of neurological disability. Despite recent advances in pathophysiological understanding and treatments, application of this knowledge to clinical practice is variable and limited.ObjectiveOur aim was to provide an expert overview of the state of affairs of FND practice across Europe, focusing on education and training, access to specialized care, reimbursement and disability policies, and academic and patient‐led representation of people with FND.MethodsWe conducted a survey across Europe, featuring one expert per country. We asked experts to compare training and services for people with FND to those provided to people with multiple sclerosis (MS).ResultsResponses from 25 countries revealed that only five included FND as a mandatory part of neurological training, while teaching about MS was uniformly included. FND was part of final neurology examinations in 3/17 countries, unlike MS that was included in all 17. Seventeen countries reported neurologists with an interest in FND but the estimated mean ratio of FND‐interested neurologists to MS neurologists was 1:20. FND coding varied, with psychiatric coding for FND impacting treatment access and disability benefits in the majority of countries. Twenty countries reported services refusing to see FND patients. Eight countries reported an FND special interest group or network; 11 reported patient‐led organizations.ConclusionsFND is largely a marginal topic within European neurology training and there is limited access to specialized care and disability benefits for people with FND across Europe. We discuss how this issue can be addressed at an academic, healthcare and patient organization level.
Peri‐anaesthetic complications in 1798 equids undergoing high‐field elective orthopaedic MRI at a tertiary referral hospital
Authors: Manning Heath , Sampson Sarah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAntimicrobial prophylaxis for elective orthopaedic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in equids is a topic of debate among practitioners and can have negative detrimental effects on patients if used unnecessarily.ObjectivesTo describe the complications with elective orthopaedic MRI of horses, mules, and donkeys under general anaesthesia without the use of peri‐anaesthetic antimicrobial prophylaxis at a single large tertiary referral centre. We hypothesised that horses, mules, and donkeys undergoing general anaesthesia for elective orthopaedic MRI, without antimicrobial prophylaxis, will not be at increased risk of complications, including increased risk of infectious respiratory disease.Study designRetrospective cross‐sectional study.MethodsThis retrospective study of 1798 systemically healthy equids that underwent elective orthopaedic MRI under general anaesthesia without peri‐anaesthetic antimicrobial prophylaxis between January 2009 and May 2020.ResultsA total of 1655 MRIs were included in the study, with 25 (1.5%) horses having complications. The most common complication was post‐anaesthetic fever in 11 (0.7%) horses, of which 4 (0.2%) horses went on to develop pneumonia and one horse was diagnosed with equine herpesvirus (respiratory). Seven (0.4%) horses developed transient post‐anaesthetic femoral neuropathy and 7 (0.4%) horses had mild post‐anaesthetic colic that resolved with initial medical management. No horses were euthanised or died in this study.Main limitationsThe retrospective nature of the study led to non‐randomised case selection, and some records were incomplete.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that peri‐anaesthetic antimicrobial prophylaxis may not be necessary for performance and sport horses undergoing general anaesthesia for elective orthopaedic MRI.
What does ‘feeling at home’ mean for adults with intellectual disabilities living in group homes in England?
Authors: Chinn Deborah , Levitan Tony , Power Andrew , Brickley Katy , Ali Shalim 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundShared housing for adults with intellectual disabilities with staff support, is a common housing model internationally. We explored an overlooked aspect of group homes, namely the extent to which they enable a sense of ‘feeling at home’ for residents.MethodA diverse group of 19 housemates participated in a photovoice study. Participants took photos in their homes and discussed them in individual interviews and in groups. Data was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsResidents' experience of home was multi‐dimensional. ‘Feeling at home’ related to home as a site of identity cultivation (personal home); physical comfort or ‘misfitting’ (physical home) and home as the locus of key relationships (social home).ConclusionAchieving a sense of ‘feeling at home’ requires engagement in practices of home‐making. Many of our participants required support from staff to engage in these practices. For some housemates their experience of home was conditional and precarious.