bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skin‐on and skin‐off processing methods affect processing efficiency, product yield and meat quality of goat carcass
Authors: Chao M. D. , Ma D. , Jeneske H. , Pokharel S. , Moallem J. T. , Stephens L. N. , Debus A. D. , Reynolds E. , Kang I. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThis study investigated the effects of skin‐on and skin‐off processing methods on processing efficiency, product yield and meat quality of goat carcasses. A total of twenty‐seven goats (nine/treatment, 6 months old) were processed using three methods: (1) skin‐on for ethnic consumers, (2) skin‐off for traditional consumers and (3) skin‐off‐late (skin removal after chilling) for primarily traditional consumers, with an option for ethnic consumers with skin‐on. Processing times (slaughter, chilling, fabrication) and yields (chilling and fabrication) were compared. Meat quality and appearance were evaluated using sarcomere length, Warner‐Brazler shear force, collagen content and muscle colour. Skin‐on carcasses required significantly longer chilling times to reach the internal body temperature at ≤4.4 °C (9.5 h) compared to skin‐off carcasses (7 h), presumably due to the presence of the skin. Despite this, the total processing time from stunning to fabrication showed no significant difference across treatments, although the skin‐off‐late carcasses had longer fabrication times due to the skin removal step (P < 0.05). Dressing yield was lower in the skin‐off group, and fabrication yield was reduced in the skin‐off‐late carcasses (P < 0.05). Skin‐on and skin‐off‐late carcasses showed longer sarcomere lengths and lower Warner Bratzler shear forces than skin‐off carcasses (P < 0.05). Additionally, the skin‐on group had higher collagen content than the skin‐off group. Muscle L* values were higher in skin‐on and skin‐off‐late carcasses (P < 0.05), with no significant differences in a* and b* values across treatments. This research highlights the potential benefits of the skin‐off‐late method for goat farmers, processors and consumers, offering improved dressing yield, meat tenderness and visual appearance. The skin‐off‐late method also provides an alternative processing option that could satisfy both traditional and ethnic consumer preferences.
Effectiveness of textured vegetable protein incorporation for partial fish meat substitution in fish cakes
Authors: Oh Jungmin , Park Min Kyung , Kim Bo Ram , Kwak Han Sub 
Published: August 2024

SummaryExcessive consumption of seafood has resulted in a decline in fish stocks and the destruction of ecosystems worldwide. Textured vegetable proteins (TVPs) can be used in manufacturing fish products, including surimi‐based fish cakes, to prevent these problems. In this study, we aimed to incorporate TVP into fish cakes as an alternative to fish meat (surimi). Fish cake samples containing TVP (0, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) were prepared and cooked through boiling or frying. Texture profiles, volatile compounds and consumer acceptance of the fish cake samples were measured. An increase in TVP content enhanced the protein content of the samples, making them more suitable than fish meat is as a protein source. In the fish cake samples, the textural properties, including hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness, increased with increasing TVP content. Analysis of the volatile compounds showed that hexanal and 2‐pentifuran, which are primarily responsible for the grassy or beany flavour of soy, increased with increasing TVP content in fish cakes. The levels of these components were significantly lower in the fried samples than in the boiled samples. Overall, fried fish cakes containing 5% TVP (FST5) exhibited acceptance ratings similar to those of the control. Moreover, FST5 scored the highest in appearance, odour, taste and overall liking. Therefore, fried fish cakes supplemented with 5% TVP were qualitatively similar to fried fish cakes containing 100% fish meat (surimi). We propose the partial substitution of fish meat with alternative products to potentially reduce overfishing.
Per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances in blue crabs from the Adriatic Sea and consumer safety evaluation
Authors: Nobile Maria , Curci Dalia , Rampazzo Giulia , Chiesa Luca Maria , Gazzotti Teresa , Ghidini Sergio , Arioli Francesco , Panseri Sara 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThe blue crab is one of the most invasive alien species in the Mediterranean Sea. Its remarkable surge in availability suggests an imminent increase in consumption. However, blue crabs are vulnerable to contamination by per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), known to accumulate in the food chain and pose health risks to humans. Data on PFAS contamination levels in blue crabs are a few. This study investigates 26 PFAS in 113 blue crabs by UHPLC‐HRMS. Results revealed higher concentrations in cephalothorax than in claws. PFHpA, PFHxS, PFOA, PFNA, PFOS, PFUnDA, PFDoDA, PFTrDA, PFHpS, and PFBA were among the most detected PFAS. Total PFAS mean concentration ranged from 0.65 to 2.61 ng g−1 ww. Three crabs exceeded maximum residue limits for PFOA, PFNA, and PFHxS. Statistical analyses suggested a correlation between contaminants presence and crab size. PCA highlighted the weight as a potential predictor of PFOS concentration. PFAS intake evaluation showed no risk for consumers.
Early postoperative core symptoms and their relationship with resilience in oesophageal cancer patients—A multicentre cross‐sectional study
Authors: Li Shaoxue , Wu Lijun , He Jie , Ge Yaping , Li Shuwen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimTo assess early postoperative core symptoms in oesophageal cancer patients and their relationship with resilience.BackgroundPatients with oesophageal cancer face a high number of severe symptoms in the early post‐operative period and require the development of an effective symptom management programme. Identifying core symptoms through network analysis helps in accurate patient care.DesignA multicentre cross‐sectional study.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted from August 2022 to August 2023 at three hospitals in Anhui Province, China. A total of 469 patients were recruited for this study and 418 (89.1%) patients completed this investigation. Using network analysis to find early post‐operative core symptoms in oesophageal cancer patients. Multiple linear regression was used to analyse resilience factors affecting core symptoms.ResultsSadness was the most core symptom in oesophageal cancer patients in the early post‐operative period (rs = 1.41), followed by incision pain and difficulty breathing while resting (rs = 1.20, rs = 1.08). Resilience was significantly associated with patients' feelings of sadness, with optimism having the greatest impact on sadness (p < .01).ConclusionSadness is the most core symptom in patients in the early post‐operative period and special attention should be paid to improving their level of resilience. Local symptoms and dysfunction in the early post‐operative period should be treated in a synergistic manner.ImpactThis study identifies core symptoms and their relationship to resilience in patients with oesophageal cancer in the early post‐operative period. Symptoms as the main core symptom in patients in the early post‐operative period, which was sadness and was significantly associated with resilience. Precise interventions can be made to target patients' core post‐operative symptoms, which can help improve the effectiveness of symptom management.Reporting MethodWe have complied with the relevant EQUATOR research reporting checklist.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution in the study.
The genome of Eleocharis vivipara elucidates the genetics of C3–C4 photosynthetic plasticity and karyotype evolution in the Cyperaceae
Authors: Liu Hongbing , Zhao Hang , Zhang Yanwen , Li Xiuli , Zuo Yi , Wu Zhen , Jin Kaining , Xian Wenfei , Wang Wenzheng , Ning Weidong , Liu Zijian , Zhao Xiaoxiao , Wang Lei , Sage Rowan F. , Lu Tiegang , Stata Matt , Cheng Shifeng 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTEleocharis vivipara, an amphibious sedge in the Cyperaceae family, has several remarkable properties, most notably its alternate use of C3 photosynthesis underwater and C4 photosynthesis on land. However, the absence of genomic data has hindered its utility for evolutionary and genetic research. Here, we present a high‐quality genome for E. vivipara, representing the first chromosome‐level genome for the Eleocharis genus, with an approximate size of 965.22 Mb mainly distributed across 10 chromosomes. Its Hi–C pattern, chromosome clustering results, and one‐to‐one genome synteny across two subgroups indicates a tetraploid structure with chromosome count 2n = 4x = 20. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that E. vivipara diverged from Cyperus esculentus approximately 32.96 million years ago (Mya), and underwent a whole‐genome duplication (WGD) about 3.5 Mya. Numerous fusion and fission events were identified between the chromosomes of E. vivipara and its close relatives. We demonstrate that E. vivipara has holocentromeres, a chromosomal feature which can maintain the stability of such chromosomal rearrangements. Experimental transplantation and cross‐section studies showed its terrestrial culms developed C4 Kranz anatomy with increased number of chloroplasts in the bundle sheath (BS) cells. Gene expression and weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) showed overall elevated expression of core genes associated with the C4 pathway, and significant enrichment of genes related to modified culm anatomy and photosynthesis efficiency. We found evidence of mixed nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ‐ malic enzyme and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase type C4 photosynthesis in E. vivipara, and hypothesize that the evolution of C4 photosynthesis predates the WGD event. The mixed type is dominated by subgenome A and supplemented by subgenome B. Collectively, our findings not only shed light on the evolution of E. vivipara and karyotype within the Cyperaceae family, but also provide valuable insights into the transition between C3 and C4 photosynthesis, offering promising avenues for crop improvement and breeding.
Insulin and leptin acutely modulate the energy metabolism of primary hypothalamic and cortical astrocytes
Authors: Wolff Christopher , John Dorit , Winkler Ulrike , Hochmuth Luise , Hirrlinger Johannes , Köhler Susanne 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAstrocytes constitute a heterogeneous cell population within the brain, contributing crucially to brain homeostasis and playing an important role in overall brain function. Their function and metabolism are not only regulated by local signals, for example, from nearby neurons, but also by long‐range signals such as hormones. Thus, two prominent hormones primarily known for regulating the energy balance of the whole organism, insulin, and leptin, have been reported to also impact astrocytes within the brain. In this study, we investigated the acute regulation of astrocytic metabolism by these hormones in cultured astrocytes prepared from the mouse cortex and hypothalamus, a pivotal region in the context of nutritional regulation. Utilizing genetically encoded, fluorescent nanosensors, the cytosolic concentrations of glucose, lactate, and ATP, along with glycolytic rate and the NADH/NAD+ redox state were measured. Under basal conditions, differences between the two populations of astrocytes were observed for glucose and lactate concentrations as well as the glycolytic rate. Additionally, astrocytic metabolism responded to insulin and leptin in both brain regions, with some unique characteristics for each cell population. Finally, both hormones influenced how cells responded to elevated extracellular levels of potassium ions, a common indicator of neuronal activity. In summary, our study provides evidence that insulin and leptin acutely regulate astrocytic metabolism within minutes. Additionally, while astrocytes from the hypothalamus and cortex share similarities in their metabolism, they also exhibit distinct properties, further underscoring the growing recognition of astrocyte heterogeneity.
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Diversity of bartonellae in mites (Acari: Mesostigmata: Macronyssidae and Spinturnicidae) of boreal forest bats: Association of host specificity of mites and habitat selection of hosts with vector potential
Authors: Sándor Attila D. , Corduneanu Alexandra , Orlova Maria , Hornok Sándor , Cabezas‐Cruz Alejandro , Foucault‐Simonin Angélique , Kulisz Joanna , Zając Zbigniew , Borzan Mihai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractResearch into various bacterial pathogens that can be transmitted between different animals and may have zoonotic potential has led to the discovery of different strains of Bartonella sp. in bats and their associated ectoparasites. Despite their enormous species diversity, only a few studies have focussed on the detection of bacterial pathogens in insectivorous bats of boreal forests and their associated Macronyssidae and Spinturnicidae mites. We collected and molecularly analysed mite samples from forest‐dwelling bat species distributed all along the boreal belt of the Palearctic, from Central Europe to Far East. Ectoparasitic mites were pooled for DNA extraction and DNA amplification polymerase chain reaction (PCRs) were conducted to detect the presence of various bacterial (Anaplasmataceae, Bartonella sp., Rickettsia sp., Mycoplasma sp.) and protozoal (Hepatozoon sp.) pathogens. Bartonella sp. DNA was detected in four different mite species (Macronyssidae: Steatonyssus periblepharus and Spinturnicidae: Spinturnix acuminata, Sp. myoti and Sp. mystacinus), with different prevalences of the targeted gene (gltA, 16‐23S ribosomal RNA intergenic spacer and ftsZ). Larger pools (>5 samples pooled) were more likely to harbour Bartonella sp. DNA, than smaller ones. In addition, cave‐dwelling bat hosts and host generalist mite species are more associated with Bartonella spp. presence. Spinturnicidae mites may transmit several distinct Bartonella strains, which cluster phylogenetically close to Bartonella species known to cause diseases in humans and livestock. Mites with ubiquitous presence may facilitate the long‐term maintenance (and even local recurrence) of Bartonella‐infestations inside local bat populations, thus acting as continuous reservoirs for Bartonella spp in bats.
Forest plant indicator values for moisture reflect atmospheric vapour pressure deficit rather than soil water content
Authors: Kopecký Martin , Hederová Lucia , Macek Martin , Klinerová Tereza , Wild Jan 
Published: August 2024

Summary

Soil moisture shapes ecological patterns and processes, but it is difficult to continuously measure soil moisture variability across the landscape. To overcome these limitations, soil moisture is often bioindicated using community‐weighted means of the Ellenberg indicator values of vascular plant species. However, the ecology and distribution of plant species reflect soil water supply as well as atmospheric water demand. Therefore, we hypothesized that Ellenberg moisture values can also reflect atmospheric water demand expressed as a vapour pressure deficit (VPD).

To test this hypothesis, we disentangled the relationships among soil water content, atmospheric vapour pressure deficit, and Ellenberg moisture values in the understory plant communities of temperate broadleaved forests in central Europe.

Ellenberg moisture values reflected atmospheric VPD rather than soil water content consistently across local, landscape, and regional spatial scales, regardless of vegetation plot size, depth as well as method of soil moisture measurement.

Using in situ microclimate measurements, we discovered that forest plant indicator values for moisture reflect an atmospheric VPD rather than soil water content. Many ecological patterns and processes correlated with Ellenberg moisture values and previously attributed to soil water supply are thus more likely driven by atmospheric water demand.
Assessing the load capacity curve hypothesis considering the green energy transition, banking sector expansion, and import price of crude oil in the United States
Authors: Pang Xianying , Fatima Sana , Yağiş Onur , Haseeb Mohammad , Hossain Md. Emran 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe existing literature consists of various studies that have addressed the interrelationship between banking expansion and carbon emissions but failed to consider supply‐side ecological issues. Keeping this in view, the research aims to assess the impact of green energy transition, banking sector expansion, and import price of crude oil on the “load capacity factor (LCF)” in the United States from 1990 to 2021. The “LCF” has emerged as a novel ecological proxy to date that includes both “biocapacity and ecological footprint.” Using the “bootstrap autoregressive distributed lag” model, the research found that the consumption of renewable energy can enhance the ecological quality of the United States. The results verified the acceptance of the “load capacity curve” hypothesis. Moreover, it demonstrates that banking development promotes environmental quality. Specifically, a 1% improvement in the banking industry leads to a 0.93% increase in the LCF in the short term, as well as a 1.28% increase in the long run. Furthermore, the increase in crude oil import prices has a positive impact on the LCF and eventually promotes environmental sustainability. To be precise, a 1% rise in the price of imported crude oil results in a 0.35% increase in the long‐term LCF level. These results were backed by the findings of several robustness tests. The study, lastly, recommends that the banking sector and government policymakers should use banking growth in promoting green energy to attain their target of zero carbon emissions by 2050.
The risks of artificial intelligence: A narrative review and ethical reflection from an Oral Medicine group
Authors: Feng Qingmei Joy , Harte Molly , Carey Barbara , Alqarni Ali , Monteiro Luis , Diniz‐Freitas Márcio , Fricain Jean‐Cristophe , Lodi Giovanni , Brailo Vlaho , Andreoletti Mattia , Albuquerque Rui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs a relatively new tool, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine and dentistry has the potential to significantly transform the healthcare sector. AI has already demonstrated efficacy in medical diagnosis across several specialties, used successfully to detect breast, lung and skin cancer. In Oral Medicine, AI may be applied in a similar fashion, used in the detection and diagnosis of oral cancers and oral potentially malignant diseases. Despite its promise as a transformative diagnostic aid, the use of AI in healthcare presents significant safety, reliability and ethical concerns. There is no formal consensus on the safe and ethical implementation of AI systems in healthcare settings, but the literature converges on several key principles of ethical AI use including transparency, justice and fairness, non‐maleficence, responsibility and privacy. This article provides a narrative review of the key ethical issues surrounding AI use in medicine, and reflects on these, providing view‐points of a bioethicist and Oral Medicine clinicians from several units.
CDK8 of the mediator kinase module connects leaf development to the establishment of correct stomata patterning by regulating the levels of the transcription factor SPEECHLESS (SPCH)
Authors: Hermida‐Carrera Carmen , Vergara Alexander , Cervela‐Cardona Luis , Jin Xu , Björklund Stefan , Strand Åsa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe components of the mediator kinase module are highly conserved across all eukaryotic lineages, and cyclin‐dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) is essential for correct cell proliferation and differentiation in diverse eukaryotic systems. We show that CDK8 couples leaf development with the establishment of correct stomata patterning for prevailing CO2 conditions. In Arabidopsis, the basic helix‐loop‐helix (bHLH) transcription factor SPEECHLESS (SPCH) controls cellular entry into the stomatal cell lineage, and CDK8 interacts with and phosphorylates SPCH, controlling SPCH protein levels and thereby also expression of the SPCH target genes encoding key regulators of cell fate and asymmetric cell divisions. The lack of the CDK8‐mediated control of SPCH results in an increased number of meristemoid and guard mother cells, and increased stomata index in the cdk8 mutants. Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations trigger a developmental programme controlling cell entry into stomatal lineage by limiting the asymmetric divisions. In cdk8, the number of meristemoids and guard mother cells remains the same under ambient and high CO2 concentrations, as the accumulated levels of SPCH caused by the lack of CDK8 appear to override the negative regulation of increased CO2. Thus, our work provides novel mechanistic understanding of how plants alter critical leaf properties in response to increasing atmospheric CO2.
A Rare Cause of Hypotension in Routine Hemodialysis: Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency
Authors: Altunok Murat , Kızıltunç Hüsnü Serdar , Çankaya Erdem , Sevinç Can , Uyanık Abdullah 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTHypotension is a common complication during hemodialysis that develops due to high ultrafiltration rate and sometimes requires intravenous fluid replacement. Intradialytic hypotension may reduce the effectiveness of dialysis and contributes to hemodialysis‐related morbidity and mortality. Adrenal insufficiency is one of the causes of hypotension in the community. Our case was diagnosed with end‐stage renal failure and was undergoing routine hemodialysis with a central venous catheter 3 days a week. Upon the patient's hypotension attacks during the dialysis sessions and hypoglycemia attacks in the follow‐ups, the morning cortisol was 6.2 μg/dL. Adrenocorticotropic hormone was 39 pg/mL, and testosterone was 0.0442 ng/mL. Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test was performed on the patient with 250 mcg tetracosactide. The patient did not show adequate cortisol response, was detected to have partial empty sella on pituitary magnetic resonance imaging, and was diagnosed with secondary adrenal insufficiency, and then the hemodialysis hypotension improved with prednisolone treatment. We present a case of adrenal insufficiency, which is a rare cause of hypotension in patients on routine hemodialysis.
The Coloniality of Knowledge and the Autonomous Knowledge Tradition
Authors: Alatas Syed Farid 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTAn autonomous social science tradition is one in which knowledge creation takes place amidst consciousness of the psychological and structural obstacles that mental captivity and intellectual imperialism present to students, academics, and people in general. The limitations imposed by the structure of intellectual imperialism and the ubiquity of the captive mind allow for various hegemonic orientations to dominate knowledge creation in such a way that limits originality in terms of the choice of research problems, the application of theories and concepts, and the use of methods of data collection and modes of argumentation. This article defines autonomous knowledge, and discusses the hegemonic orientations that autonomous knowledge seeks to gain autonomy from.
Going out by doing good: The effect of mandatory CSR disclosure on outward FDI of Chinese firms
Authors: Zhang Yi , Xue Wei , Liu Chun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study examines the effect of mandatory corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure on outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) of Chinese listed firms. We address potential endogeneity concerns by employing propensity score matching (PSM) and difference‐in‐differences (DID) methods. Our analysis reveals that firms subject to mandatory CSR disclosure exhibit a significantly higher propensity to engage in OFDI and undertake a greater number of OFDI projects. This positive effect is particularly pronounced for specific sub‐samples of firms: highly polluting, non‐state owned, relatively large and those targeting developed economies for investment. Further investigation into the underlying mechanisms suggests that disclosing CSR information facilitates OFDI primarily by enhancing innovation capabilities, alleviating financial constraints and mitigating the liability of foreignness.