bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
U.S. women of childbearing age who are at possible increased risk of a neural tube defect‐affected pregnancy due to suboptimal red blood cell folate concentrations, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007 to 2012
Authors: Tinker Sarah C. , Hamner Heather C. , Qi Yan Ping , Crider Krista S. 
Published: April 2015

BackgroundRed blood cell (RBC) folate concentrations are a potential biomarker of folate‐sensitive neural tube defect (NTD) risk in the population. The purpose of this analysis was to describe women in the U.S. population with RBC folate concentrations below those associated with optimal NTD prevention.MethodsWe used data from the 2007 to 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to assess the RBC folate status of U.S. women of childbearing age relative to risk categories for NTD risk based on RBC folate concentrations. We defined suboptimal RBC folate concentrations as those associated with a prevalence of ≥9 NTDs per 10,000 live births.ResultsAmong nonpregnant women age 12 to 49 years, 22.8% (95% Confidence Interval: 21.1, 24.6) had suboptimal RBC folate concentrations. Women had greater odds of having a suboptimal RBC folate concentration if they did not use dietary supplements containing folic acid; had mandatorily fortified enriched cereal grain products as their only source of folic acid; were non‐Hispanic black or Hispanic; or were current smokers.ConclusionBased on RBC folate concentrations, we would predict that the majority of U.S. women of reproductive age are not at increased risk for folate sensitive NTDs in the presence of mandatory folic acid fortification. Prevention policies and programs can be aimed at population subgroups identified as having higher predicted risk for folate‐sensitive NTDs based on RBC folate concentrations. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 103:517–526, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
President's page
Authors: Bruce Harry 
Published: April 2015

EDITOR'S SUMMARYAs Association president, Harry Bruce has had numerous conversations on the international and interdisciplinary nature of the information field. The absence of clear intellectual boundaries is a cause for celebration, stimulating collaborations with those in allied fields in pursuit of deeper understanding of shared problems. Collaboration offers opportunities to view challenges from different perspectives and with different skill sets, research methods and theoretical orientations. Such collaboration is already taking place in many research and professional settings and is sure to be expanded through the Association's international reach and European location for its 2016 Annual Meeting. Important developments for the Association include the headquarters move in February 2014 and progress on a website redesign, social media initiative and revised investment strategy.
Introduction: Economics of knowledge organization systems
Authors: Hlava Marjorie M.K. 
Published: April 2015

EDITOR'S SUMMARYThe special section of this ASIS&T Bulletin addresses the economic value of knowledge organization systems (KOS), including taxonomies and metadata. Denise Bedford notes that the value of taxonomies is not universally recognized and discusses their economic characteristics as well as some potential liabilities. Gail Hodge focuses on the economics and value of government‐funded information as it affects the economics of KOS, considering open access and the public good as well as public concern for return on investment. Jane Greenberg targets metadata as capital, a valued asset or commodity. She poses the challenge of gathering empirical evidence to quantify the value of metadata. Taxonomist Barbara Gilles indulges in a thought experiment by digging into an analogy between data mining and mineral mining. As a professor of economics, Rick Szostak notes the ubiquity of knowledge organization systems despite the lack of understanding of their importance. Szostak proposes a synthetic approach to KOS by combining terms for fuller concept expression and muses that KOS may achieve the importance of Cutter's and Dewey's knowledge classification systems.
Multicentric occurrence of multiple papillary thyroid carcinomas –HUMARA and BRAF mutation analysis
Authors: Nakazawa Tadao , Kondo Tetsuo , Tahara Ippei , Kasai Kazunari , Inoue Tomohiro , Oishi Naoki , Mochizuki Kunio , Kubota Takeo , Katoh Ryohei 
Published: April 2015

AbstractPapillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) occasionally form multiple tumor foci in different sites of the same thyroid gland. However, it is controversial whether discrete nodules of PTC arise independently (multicentric occurrence) or are seeded from a single tumor via lymphatic channels (intraglandular metastasis). In order to determine the clonal origin of multiple PTCs, we examined X‐chromosome inactivation patterns using a human androgen receptor gene‐based assay (HUMARA) and the BRAF mutation using allele‐specific PCR (AS‐PCR) in 32 microdissected cancerous tissues from 14 Japanese women with multifocal PTC. All tumor foci were greater than 3 mm in size and met the criteria for microscopic classical PTC. Samples from 13 of the 14 patients were informative based on HUMARA. Tumor foci from two cases (15.4%) displayed a discordant X‐chromosome inactivation pattern. Foci from the other 11 cases (84.6%) showed a concordant inactivation pattern of the X‐chromosome. AS‐PCR indicated that BRAF mutational status between the tumor foci was discordant in three (25%) and concordant in nine (75%) of 12 available cases. When the results of these two molecular analyses were combined, 28.6% of the cases were discordant in X‐chromosome inactivation pattern and/or BRAF mutation, suggesting multicentric origin. Some of the remaining concordant cases also may be of multicentric origin. These results support a hypothesis that multicentric occurrence in multiple PTCs may be common, possibly greater than 30%. Although the exact mechanism of multicentric occurrence is still unclear, our findings contribute to the understanding the histogenesis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Predicting inpatient aggression by self‐reported impulsivity in forensic psychiatric patients
Authors: Bousardt Annelea M. C. , Hoogendoorn Adriaan W. , Noorthoorn Eric O. , Hummelen Jacobus W. , Nijman Henk L. I. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundEmpirical knowledge of ‘predictors' of physical inpatient aggression may provide staff with tools to prevent aggression or minimise its consequences.AimTo test the value of a self‐reported measure of impulsivity for predicting inpatient aggression.MethodsSelf‐report measures of different domains of impulsivity were obtained using the Urgency, Premeditation, Perseverance, Sensation seeking, Positive urgency (UPPS‐P) impulsive behaviour scale with all 74 forensic psychiatric inpatients in one low‐security forensic hospital. Aggressive incidents were measured using the Social Dysfunction and Aggression Scale (SDAS). The relationship between UPPS‐P subscales and the number of weeks in which violent behaviour was observed was investigated by Poisson regression.ResultsThe impulsivity domain labelled ‘negative urgency' (NU), in combination with having a personality disorder, predicted the number of weeks in which physical aggression was observed by psychiatric nurses. NU also predicted physical aggression within the first 12 weeks of admission.Conclusions and implications for practiceThe results indicate that NU, which represents a patient's inability to cope with rejection, disappointments or other undesired feelings, is associated with a higher likelihood of becoming violent while an inpatient. This specific coping deficit should perhaps be targeted more intensively in therapy. Self‐reported NU may also serve as a useful adjunct to other risk assessment tools and as an indicator of change in violence risk. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Benzimidazole‐Containing Porous Organic Polymers as Highly Active Heterogeneous Solid‐Base Catalysts
Authors: Wang Yangxin , Wang Lijun , Liu Caiping , Wang Ruihu 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTo develop efficient heterogeneous catalytic systems for base‐catalyzed reactions, two benzimidazole‐containing porous organic polymers, BPOP‐1 and BPOP‐2, were synthesized. As a result of the difference in building units, BPOP‐1 exhibits a granular morphology, and BPOP‐2 is composed of tiny particles. N2 adsorption measurements show that BPOP‐1 is a nonporous framework, whereas BPOP‐2 displays good adsorption abilities towards N2, H2, and CO2. Both BPOP‐1 and BPOP‐2 exhibit a higher catalytic activity in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction than their homogeneous molecular counterpart, and the activity of BPOP‐2 is superior to that of BPOP‐1. Theoretical calculations show that the Lewis basicity of the N atoms in BPOP‐1 is identical to that in BPOP‐2. The prominent catalytic performance of BPOP‐2 is mainly attributed to its high specific surface area and microporous character. Moreover, the permanent chemical stability of the structural framework endows BPOP‐2 with an outstanding recyclability.
Bifunctional Diaminoterephthalate Scaffolds as Fluorescence Turn‐On Probes for Thiols
Authors: Freimuth Lena , Christoffers Jens 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe fluorescent diaminoterephthalate scaffold was equipped by amidation with three types of reactive functions: thiols for metal‐surface binding, alkynes for click reactions, and maleimides for ligation with proteins. Starting from a succinyl succinate derivative with two orthogonally cleavable ester functions, three monoamides (38–57 % yield over three steps) and two bisamides (19 and 25 % yield over five steps) were prepared. Although alkyne and thiol derivatized compounds showed reasonable luminescence behavior (Φ≈1–4 %), the fluorescence was quenched by the maleimide moiety. It was turned on (10‐ to 20‐fold increase of fluorescence quantum yield) by conjugate addition of thiols.
Reactions with a Metalloid Tin Cluster {Sn10[Si(SiMe3)3]4}2−: Ligand Elimination versus Coordination Chemistry
Authors: Schrenk Claudio , Gerke Birgit , Pöttgen Rainer , Clayborne Andre , Schnepf Andreas 
Published: April 2015

AbstractChemistry that uses metalloid tin clusters as a starting material is of fundamental interest towards understanding the reactivity of such compounds. Since we identified {Sn10[Si(SiMe3)3]4}2− 7 as an ideal candidate for such reactions, we present a further step in the understanding of metalloid tin cluster chemistry. In contrast to germanium chemistry, ligand elimination seems to be a major reaction channel, which leads to the more open metalloid cluster {Sn10[Si(SiMe3)3]3}− 9, in which the Sn core is only shielded by three Si(SiMe3)3 ligands. Compound 9 is obtained through different routes and is crystallised together with two different countercations. Besides the structural characterisation of this novel metalloid tin cluster, the electronic structure is analysed by 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy. Additionally, possible reaction pathways are discussed. The presented first step into the chemistry of metalloid tin clusters thus indicates that, with respect to metalloid germanium clusters, more reaction channels are accessible, thereby leading to a more complex reaction system.
Real‐world chemotherapy treatment patterns in metastatic non–small cell lung cancer: Are patients undertreated?
Authors: Sacher Adrian G. , Le Lisa W. , Lau Anthea , Earle Craig C. , Leighl Natasha B. 
Published: April 2015

BACKGROUNDNew therapies for metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have improved survival in clinical trials. However, only a minority of patients receive systemic therapy. This article reports treatment patterns and outcomes for a population of Canadian patients with metastatic NSCLC (Ontario).METHODSPatients diagnosed with stage IV NSCLC from 2005 to 2009 were identified through multiple linked provincial databases. Patient demographics, systemic treatment, and survival were examined over time.RESULTSMetastatic NSCLC patients (n = 8113) were identified. The median age was 68 years; 39% had adenocarcinoma, 14% had squamous carcinoma, and a higher than expected proportion (43%) had NSCLC not otherwise specified. Only 24% the patients received first‐line chemotherapy; only 31% of these received second‐line chemotherapy. More patients received systemic therapy over time (from 19% in 2005 to 26% in 2009, P < .0001). Patients who were less than 70 years old or had adenocarcinoma were more likely to receive systemic therapy (P < .0001 for both). The median survival, regardless of age, for those selected to receive first‐line cisplatin‐gemcitabine chemotherapy was longer than that for those receiving other nonpemetrexed platinum doublets at 11.6 months (P = .0002). Patients with nonsquamous histology who were treated with second‐line pemetrexed had longer median survival than those treated with docetaxel (19.8 vs 14.1 months, P < .0001).CONCLUSIONSMost patients with metastatic NSCLC in the general population still do not receive systemic therapy. Those selected for first‐ and second‐line systemic treatment, including older patients, have survival outcomes comparable to clinical trial results. Older patients and patients with squamous histology are less likely to receive chemotherapy. The low levels of treatment utilization in this study warrant further investigation. Cancer 2015;121:2562–2569. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
The effect, moderators, and mediators of resistance and aerobic exercise on health‐related quality of life in older long‐term survivors of prostate cancer
Authors: Buffart Laurien M. , Newton Robert U. , Chinapaw Mai J. , Taaffe Dennis R. , Spry Nigel A. , Denham James W. , Joseph David J. , Lamb David S. , Brug Johannes , Galvão Daniel A. 
Published: April 2015

BACKGROUNDThe current study examined effects, moderators (for whom), and mediators (working mechanisms) of 12 months of exercise on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in older long‐term survivors of prostate cancer.METHODSIn total, 100 men aged 71.7 years (standard deviation, 6.4 years) were randomly assigned to 6 months of supervised aerobic and resistance exercise followed by 6 months of a home‐based exercise maintenance program (EX group) or printed education material regarding physical activity for 12 months (PA group). Assessments took place at baseline and after 6 and 12 months. Generalized estimating equations were used to study the effects of EX versus PA on HRQoL at 6 and 12 months, adjusting for baseline HRQoL. The authors examined potential sociodemographic and clinical moderators by adding interaction terms, and potential physical and psychological mediators using the product‐of‐coefficients test.RESULTSAt 6 months, significant beneficial effects were found for global QoL, physical function, and social function in the EX group compared with the PA group. For physical function, beneficial effects were sustained at 12 months. Moderation analyses demonstrated larger effects of EX versus PA for patients who were married, started exercising sooner after their diagnosis, and previously used bisphosphonates. Changes in lower body functional performance significantly mediated the effect of EX on global QoL, physical function, and social function. No mediating effects on HRQoL were found for aerobic fitness, physical activity, fatigue, distress, or falls self‐efficacy.CONCLUSIONSAerobic and resistance exercise appears to have beneficial effects on HRQoL among older, long‐term survivors of prostate cancer. Effects were moderated by marital status, time since diagnosis, and use of bisphosphonates, and were mediated by lower body functional performance. Cancer 2015;121:2821‐2830. © 2015 American Cancer Society
Nature of the Intense Second‐Order Nonlinear Optical Activity: DFT Studies on the Octupolarization of Sandwich‐Type Bis(phthalocyaninato) Yttrium Skeletons
Authors: Qi Dongdong , Jiang Jianzhuang 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe periodic octupolar vibrational nature of the electron cloud in sandwich‐type bis(phthalocyaninato) yttrium double‐decker compounds has been revealed on the basis of coupled perturbed density functional theory. This in turn results in an intense hyper‐Rayleigh scattering response and renders the double‐decker skeletons excellent second‐order hyperpolarizability with a maximum value as high as 5.55×106 au (≈105×10−30 esu, theoretical prediction) achieved for the molecular conformation with a rotation angle between two phthalocyanine chromophores of approximately 70°.
Isolation of vascular endothelial cells from intact and injured murine brain cortex—technical issues and pitfalls in FACS analysis of the nervous tissue
Authors: Wylot Bartosz , Konarzewska Katarzyna , Bugajski Lukasz , Piwocka Katarzyna , Zawadzka Malgorzata 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCNS endothelial cells (CNS‐ECs), one of the main non‐neural CNS cell populations, play a vital role in physiology, pathology, and regeneration of the nervous system. Therefore, there is an urgent need to enhance our knowledge on their biology to elucidate mechanisms responsible for the blood brain barrier function in normal and pathological conditions, interaction between brain endothelium and neural stem cells in the neurogenic niche, the paracrine processes in the brain and spinal cord, etc. Here, we described a novel, simple, and efficient protocol for isolation of endothelial, vessel‐forming cells from the murine CNS, which is based on Sca‐1 expression. Using this newly described protocol we were able to detect and sort viable, highly pure CNS‐ECs with minimal contamination by cells of non‐endothelial origin. This method will increase the availability of CNS‐ECs for in vitro research. Moreover, we compared phenotype of CNS‐ECs isolated from neonatal mice and adult intact and injured brain looking for the cells of endothelial precursor characteristic, such as those found in the bone marrow and circulating in the bloodstream after organ injuries. We have found that neonatal brain capillaries contain proportion of endothelial precursor cells (Sca‐1+, CD45−, c‐Kit+). Such precursors were also found in adult brain cortex, both in intact and injured brain. Finally, we discuss several crucial technical issues concerning CNS tissue preparation for flow cytometry analysis and cell sorting as well as nonspecific antibody binding caused by inflammatory microglia/macrophages which should be avoided in order to reliable isolation of pure CNS cells for downstream procedures including cell transplantation‐based translational studies. © 2015 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Efficient congestion control mechanism for flow‐aware networks
Authors: Domżał Jerzy , Wójcik Robert , Chołda Piotr , Stankiewicz Rafał , Jajszczyk Andrzej 
Published: April 2015

SummaryTransmission based on flows becomes more and more popular in teleinformatics networks. To guarantee proper quality of service, to enable multipath transmissions, or just to increase transmission effectiveness in a network, traffic should be sent as flows. Flow‐aware networking architecture is one of the possible concepts to realize flow‐based transmissions. In this paper, the efficient congestion control mechanism (ECCM) is proposed to improve transmission in flow‐aware networks (FAN). The mechanism makes it possible to minimize acceptance delay of streaming flows (served with high priority) without deteriorating other transmissions in the network. It is confirmed by simulation experiments that the implementation of FAN with the ECCM mechanism is a promising solution for the Future Internet. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use and application of AAC masonry in the UK / Einsatz und Anwendung von Porenbeton in Großbritannien
Authors: Fudge Clifford 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAutoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) masonry is widely used in the UK and is a commonly utilised material, predominantly for housing, but also for other building structures. First produced in the 1950s in the UK, it has become an important masonry solution for houses used in number locations from cavity walls to below ground and in concrete beam and block floors. This paper looks at why the material has become so popular and the background for the acceptance of use. The growth of the market for AAC has been driven by changes to Building Regulations and solutions have been developed to improve the structures thermal and acoustic performance.
The M1 Energy‐efficiency building Plus – Conclusion of monitoring / Das M1 Energieeffizienzhaus Plus – Abschluss des Monitorings
Authors: Schoch Torsten 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe M1 energy‐efficiency building Plus was to render practical proof that the advantages of solid construction such as carrying capacity, fire protection and sound protection could be connected to state‐of‐the‐art and future energy efficiency standards in the scope of a pilot project. With simple and thought‐through planning details and a coordinated system technology, energy plus solid houses are no longer merely visions. The M1 project mostly focuses on the claim to economic efficiency and saleability of the product, points out new possibilities for implementation to consumers, planners and executing companies.The house is to document, that the means available now are sufficient to construct a solid building that produces more energy than it consumes. In the technical term of construction physics, the building is targeted at a negative final energy and primary energy consumption.The data presented in this article from the monitoring of the last two years show that a plus energy target can be achieved by “nearly” conventionally built solid buildings. For both years, the M1 pus energy house reached an excess of final and primary energy.
Effects of chronic iTBS‐rTMS and enriched environment on visual cortex early critical period and visual pattern discrimination in dark‐reared rats
Authors: Castillo‐Padilla Diana V. , Funke Klaus 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTEarly cortical critical period resembles a state of enhanced neuronal plasticity enabling the establishment of specific neuronal connections during first sensory experience. Visual performance with regard to pattern discrimination is impaired if the cortex is deprived from visual input during the critical period. We wondered how unspecific activation of the visual cortex before closure of the critical period using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) could affect the critical period and the visual performance of the experimental animals. Would it cause premature closure of the plastic state and thus worsen experience‐dependent visual performance, or would it be able to preserve plasticity? Effects of intermittent theta‐burst stimulation (iTBS) were compared with those of an enriched environment (EE) during dark‐rearing (DR) from birth. Rats dark‐reared in a standard cage showed poor improvement in a visual pattern discrimination task, while rats housed in EE or treated with iTBS showed a performance indistinguishable from rats reared in normal light/dark cycle. The behavioral effects were accompanied by correlated changes in the expression of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and atypical PKC (PKCζ/PKMζ), two factors controlling stabilization of synaptic potentiation. It appears that not only nonvisual sensory activity and exercise but also cortical activation induced by rTMS has the potential to alleviate the effects of DR on cortical development, most likely due to stimulation of BDNF synthesis and release. As we showed previously, iTBS reduced the expression of parvalbumin in inhibitory cortical interneurons, indicating that modulation of the activity of fast‐spiking interneurons contributes to the observed effects of iTBS. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 76: 19–33, 2016