bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fibroblast viability and inhibitory activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in lactic acid–grafted chitosan hydrogels
Authors: Espadín Andres , Vázquez Nadia , Tecante Alberto , de Dios Lenin Tamay , Gimeno Miquel , Velasquillo Cristina , Shirai Keiko 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTChitosan (Ch) from biologically obtained chitin by lactic acid fermentation process was successfully grafted with lactic acid following three different procedures, direct d,l‐lactic acid attachment with and without the aid of p‐toluene sulfonic acid catalyst and by ring‐opening of l‐lactide. The produced materials behave as hydrogels responsive to pH changes and were characterized by X‐ray diffraction analyses, swelling behavior, erosion, contact angle, and thermally. In addition, mechanical studies in films of the synthetized materials demonstrate that the increase in grafting improved the mechanical properties in terms of tensile strengths. All the grafted Chs showed inhibition of the pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which corroborate the preservation of antimicrobial activities in the modified Ch. The study on cell attachment and viability of fibroblasts onto the grafted Ch films evidenced that regardless of the low mechanical improvement in the lowest incorporation of lactic acid (31%), it rendered the materials with the highest adherence and viability of fibroblasts. Nonetheless, lactic acid incorporation enhanced cell viability in all synthetized materials as compared to native Ch. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40252.
Contour‐based polygonal ambient occlusion using a single‐depth texture
Authors: Lee Sang‐Gil , Shin Byeong‐Seok 
Published: December 2013

AbstractWe present a novel approximation of a global illumination technique called contour‐based polygonal ambient occlusion, an approach that darkens by only using a depth texture as screen‐space ambient occlusion without additional information such as a normal buffer. We introduce a discrete level structure to calculate the amount of occlusion by using the contour level, an integer value derived from the depth difference of neighboring texels. We use the uniform sampling to define the positions of the neighboring texels in the depth texture. Our method does not depend on geometric complexity because our method works in screen space and works well for both static and dynamic scenes without any precomputation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pheochromocytoma crisis
Authors: Tschuor Christoph , Sadri Helen , Clavien Pierre‐Alain 
Published: December 2013

Key Clinical MessageAdrenergic crisis induced by a pheochromocytoma leads to life‐threatening catecholamine‐induced hemodynamic disturbances. Successful treatment of a pheochromocytoma crisis demands prompt diagnosis, vigorous pharmacological therapy and emergent tumor removal, if the patient continues to deteriorate
Protocadherin PAPC is expressed in the CNC and can compensate for the loss of PCNS
Authors: Schneider Martina , Huang Chaolie , Becker Sarah F.S. , Gradl Dietmar , Wedlich Doris 
Published: December 2013

SummaryProtocadherins represent the biggest subgroup within the cadherin superfamily of transmembrane glycoproteins. In contrast to classical type I cadherins, protocadherins in general exhibit only moderate adhesive activity. During embryogenesis, they are involved in cell signaling and regulate diverse morphogenetic processes, including morphogenetic movements during gastrulation and neural crest migration. The two protocadherins paraxial protocadherin (PAPC) and axial protocadherin (AXPC) are indispensable for proper gastrulation movements in Xenopus and zebrafish. The closest relative PCNS instead, is required for neural crest and somite formation. Here, we show that cranial neural crest (CNC) cells in addition to PCNS express PAPC, but not AXPC. Overexpression of PAPC resulted in comparable migration defects as knockdown of PCNS. Moreover, reconstitution experiments revealed that PAPC is able to replace PCNS in CNC cells, indicating that both protocadherins can regulate CNC migration. genesis 52:120–126. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prognostic factors for squamous cell cancer of the parotid gland: An analysis of 2104 patients
Authors: Chen Michelle M. , Roman Sanziana A. , Sosa Julie A. , Judson Benjamin L. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundParotid gland squamous cell cancer (SCC) occurs as metastasis from cutaneous SCC or primary malignancy. There is limited data on incidence, prognosis, and treatment outcomes.MethodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (1988–2009) identified 2104 adult patients with parotid SCC.ResultsSCC is the second most common parotid malignancy, and its incidence is increasing (annual percentage change 1.7%; ptrend = .004). Age ≥85 years, tumor size ≥4 cm, extraparenchymal extension, cervical metastases, and distant metastases were independently associated with disease‐specific mortality. Compared to no surgery, surgery was associated with improved 5‐year disease‐specific survival (DSS; 44.4% vs 71.0%; p < .001), whereas radiation alone was similar to no treatment (47.0% vs 41.6%; p = .28).ConclusionSurgery and adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) are associated with improved survival compared to radiation alone and no treatment. Patients ≥85 years of age account for nearly 20% of all patients and have a poor prognosis independent of treatment. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 1–7, 2015
On the Facial Thue Choice Index via Entropy Compression
Authors: Przybyło Jakub 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA sequence is nonrepetitive if it contains no identical consecutive subsequences. An edge coloring of a path is nonrepetitive if the sequence of colors of its consecutive edges is nonrepetitive. By the celebrated construction of Thue, it is possible to generate nonrepetitive edge colorings for arbitrarily long paths using only three colors. A recent generalization of this concept implies that we may obtain such colorings even if we are forced to choose edge colors from any sequence of lists of size 4 (while sufficiency of lists of size 3 remains an open problem). As an extension of these basic ideas, Havet, Jendrol', Soták, and Škrabul'áková proved that for each plane graph, eight colors are sufficient to provide an edge coloring so that every facial path is nonrepetitively colored. In this article, we prove that the same is possible from lists, provided that these have size at least 12. We thus improve the previous bound of 291 (proved by means of the Lovász Local Lemma). Our approach is based on the Moser–Tardos entropy‐compression method and its recent extensions by Grytczuk, Kozik, and Micek, and by Dujmović, Joret, Kozik, and Wood.
Morphological diversity and evolution of the spermatozoon in the mouse‐related clade of rodents
Authors: Breed William G. , Leigh Chris M. , Aplin Ken P. , Shahin Adel A.B. , Avenant Nico L. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTMost species in the three highly speciose families of the mouse‐related clade of rodents, the Muridae, Cricetidae, and Nesomyidae (superfamily Muroidea), have a highly complex sperm head in which there is an apical hook but there are few data available for the other related families of these rodents. In the current study, using light and electron microscopies, we investigated the structure of the spermatozoon in representative species of four other families within the mouse‐related clade, the Dipodidae, Spalacidae, Pedetidae, and Heteromyidae, that diverged at or near the base of the muroid lineage. Our results indicate that a diverse array of sperm head shapes and tail lengths occurs but none of the species in the families Spalacidae, Dipodidae, or Pedetidae has a sperm head with an apical hook. By contrast, a rostrally extending apical hook is present in spermatozoa of members of the Family Heteromyidae which also invariably have comparatively long sperm tails. These findings suggest that the hook‐shaped sperm head in the murid, cricetid, and nesomyid rodents evolved after divergence of this lineage from its common ancestor with the other families of the mouse‐related clade, and that separate, and independent, convergent evolution of a similar sperm head form, and long sperm tail, occurred in the Heteromyidae. J. Morphol. 275:540–547, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Proton Conducting Copolymer Electrolytes Based on Vinyl Phosphonic Acid and 5‐(Methacrylamido)tetrazole
Authors: Sinirlioglu Deniz , Celik Sevim Unugur , Muftuoglu Ali Ekrem , Bozkurt Ayhan 
Published: December 2013

Copolymer electrolytes based on 5‐(methacrylamido)tetrazole (MTet) and vinyl phosphonic acid (VPA) are prepared. The obtained copolymers are analyzed by FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and 31P NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differantial scanning calorimetry (DSC), energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometry (EDS), elemental analysis (EA), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and impedance spectroscopy. The morphology of the copolymers is characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The highest proton conductivity is obtained as 0.01 S/cm at 150 °C and in anhydrous conditions.
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Alpha‐synuclein in the appendiceal mucosa of neurologically intact subjects
Authors: Gray Madison T. , Munoz David G. , Gray Douglas A. , Schlossmacher Michael G. , Woulfe John M. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTParkinson's disease is characterized by the pathological aggregation of Alpha‐synuclein. The dual‐hit hypothesis proposed by Braak implicates the enteric nervous system as an initial site of α‐synuclein aggregation with subsequent spread to the central nervous system. Regional variations in the spatial pattern or levels of α‐synuclein along the enteric nervous system could have implications for identifying sites of onset of this pathogenic cascade. We performed immunohistochemical staining for α‐synuclein on gastrointestinal tissue from patients with no history of neurological disease using the established LB509 antibody and a new clone, MJFR1, characterized for immunohistochemistry here. We demonstrate that the vermiform appendix is particularly enriched in α‐synuclein–containing axonal varicosities, concentrated in its mucosal plexus rather than the classical submucosal and myenteric plexuses. Unexpectedly, intralysosomal accumulations of α‐synuclein were detected within mucosal macrophages of the appendix. The abundance and accumulation of α‐synuclein in the vermiform appendix implicate it as a candidate anatomical locus for the initiation of enteric α‐synuclein aggregation and permits the generation of testable hypotheses for Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. © 2013 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Only minor additional metabolic health benefits of high as opposed to moderate dose physical exercise in young, moderately overweight men
Authors: Reichkendler M.H. , Rosenkilde M. , Auerbach P.L. , Agerschou J. , Nielsen M.B. , Kjaer A. , Hoejgaard L. , Sjödin A. , Ploug T. , Stallknecht B. 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveThe dose–response effects of exercise training on insulin sensitivity, metabolic risk, and quality of life were examined.MethodsSixty‐one healthy, sedentary (VO2max: 35 ± 5 ml/kg/min), moderately overweight (BMI: 27.9 ± 1.8), young (age: 29 ± 6 years) men were randomized to sedentary living (sedentary control group; n = 18), moderate (moderate dose training group [MOD]: 300 kcal/day, n = 21), or high (high dose training group [HIGH]: 600 kcal/day, n = 22) dose physical exercise for 11 weeks.ResultsThe return rate for post‐intervention testing was 82‐94% across groups. Weekly exercise amounted to 2,004 ± 24 and 3,774 ± 68 kcal, respectively, in MOD and HIGH. Cardiorespiratory fitness increased (P < 0.001) 18 ± 3% in MOD and 17 ± 3% in HIGH, and fat percentage decreased (P < 0.001) similarly in both exercise groups (MOD: 32 ± 1 to 29 ± 1%; HIGH: 30 ± 1 to 27 ± 1%). Peripheral insulin sensitivity increased (P < 0.01) (MOD: 28 ± 7%; HIGH: 36 ± 8%) and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance decreased (P < 0.05) (MOD: ‐17 ± 7%; HIGH: ‐18 ± 10%). The number of subjects meeting the criteria of the metabolic syndrome decreased by 78% in MOD (P < 0.01) and by 80% in HIGH (P < 0.05). General health assessed by questionnaire increased similarly in MOD (P < 0.05) and HIGH (P < 0.01).ConclusionsOnly minor additional health benefits were found when exercising ∼3,800 as opposed to ∼2,000 kcal/week in young moderately overweight men. This finding may have important public health implications.
Frequent somatic mutations of the telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter in ovarian clear cell carcinoma but not in other major types of gynaecological malignancy
Authors: Wu Ren‐Chin , Ayhan Ayse , Maeda Daichi , Kim Kyu‐Rae , Clarke Blaise A , Shaw Patricia , Chui Michael Herman , Rosen Barry , Shih Ie‐Ming , Wang Tian‐Li 
Published: December 2013

AbstractUp‐regulated expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and subsequent maintenance of telomere length are essential in tumour development. Recent studies have implicated somatic gain‐of‐function mutations at the TERT promoter as one of the mechanisms that promote transcriptional activation of TERT; however, it remains unclear whether this genetic abnormality is prevalent in gynaecological neoplasms. We performed mutational analysis in a total of 525 gynaecological cancers, and correlated TERT promoter mutations with clinicopathological features. With the exception of ovarian clear cell carcinomas, in which mutations were found in 37 (15.9%) of 233 cases, the majority of gynaecological malignancies were wild‐type. TERT promoter mutation does not appear to be an early event during oncogenesis, as it was not detected in the contiguous endometriosis associated with ovarian clear cell carcinoma. Ovarian clear cell carcinoma cell lines with TERT promoter mutations exhibited higher TERT mRNA expression than those with wild‐type sequences (p = 0.0238). TERT promoter mutation tended to be mutually exclusive with loss of ARID1A protein expression (p = 4.4 × 10–9) and PIK3CA mutation (p = 0.0019) in ovarian clear cell carcinomas. No associations with disease‐specific survival were observed for ovarian clear cell carcinoma. The above results, in conjunction with our previous report showing longer telomeres in ovarian clear cell carcinomas relative to other types of ovarian cancer, suggests that aberrations in telomere biology may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ovarian clear cell carcinoma. Copyright © 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychosocial factors associated with quality of life in allogeneic stem cell transplant patients prior to transplant
Authors: Pillay Brindha , Lee Stuart J. , Katona Lynda , Burney Sue , Avery Sharon 
Published: December 2013

AbstractObjectivesThe primary aim of this retrospective study was to determine levels of psychological distress and quality of life (QoL) immediately prior to allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The secondary aim was to examine the demographic, medical and psychosocial factors that were correlated with various QoL domains at this stage of treatment.MethodsA series of measures was completed by 122 allograft patients as part of routine psychological assessment at the treating hospital prior to undergoing the transplant. These included the Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale, the Brief Symptom Inventory‐18 and the World Health Organisation Quality of Life‐BREF. Demographic and medical data were also extracted.ResultsIn this study, 12% and 14% of the sample experienced significant levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Half of the sample reported impaired physical QoL, whereas approximately 40% reported poor psychological and social QoL. Besides relationship status, the limited number of demographic (age and gender) and medical factors (disease status) tested did not contribute significantly to reported QoL. After controlling for medical and demographic factors, weaker Fighting Spirit and higher levels of depression (trend towards significance) were associated with poorer physical and social QoL.ConclusionsThe association among psychological distress, coping responses and QoL indicates that poor psychosocial functioning pre‐transplant renders an increased likelihood of experiencing impaired QoL across various dimensions. It thus seems important that psychologically vulnerable patients are identified early in the treatment process. If psychosocial adjustment were improved, patients may experience better QoL pre‐transplant with a potential subsequent influence on post‐transplant outcomes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Natural surfactant combined with superoxide dismutase and catalase decreases oxidative lung injury in the preterm lamb
Authors: Dani Carlo , Corsini Iuri , Longini Mariangela , Burchielli Silvia , Dichiara Giulia , Cantile Carlo , Buonocore Giuseppe 
Published: December 2013

SummaryWe performed a randomized study in preterm lambs to assess the hypothesis that treatment with a natural surfactant combined with superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) might decrease pulmonary oxidative stress in an animal model of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Animals received 200 mg/kg of porcine natural surfactant or 200 mg/kg of natural surfactant combined with 2 mg/ml of SOD and 3,000 U/ml of CAT. Lung tissue oxidation was studied by measuring total hydroperoxide (TH), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and non‐protein bound iron (NPBI) in bronchial aspirate samples. In addition, the animal's lung mechanics were evaluated. TH, AOPP, and NPBI were lower in the groups treated with surfactant plus SOD and CAT than in the surfactant group, while lung mechanics did not vary. We concluded that natural surfactant combined with SOD and CAT is effective in reducing the oxidative lung stress in an animal model of RDS. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2014; 49:898–904. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bemisia tabaci nomenclature: lessons learned
Authors: Boykin Laura M 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe nomenclature used within the whitefly research community for different putative species within Bemisia tabaci (sensu Russell) remains highly variable and confused. This was evident by the many different naming schemes researchers were using in their presentations at the 1st International Whitefly Symposium in Kolymbari, Crete, Greece (20–24 May 2013). I wanted to try to document how we, as a community, have arrived at such a state of confused nomenclature. This also included an investigation of the nomenclature used in the literature (from 2002 to 2012) by means of two online search tools (Web of Science and Scirus).RESULTSNomenclatural data were collected at the 1st International Whitefly Symposium, based on oral presentations and posters. There were 17 different names used for the MED species and 12 different names used for the MEAM1 species of the B. tabaci species complex. Investigation of the literature revealed limited uptake of the intermediate names.CONCLUSIONThe intermediate names for the various species in the B. tabaci species complex – MED, MEAM1, New World, etc. – are not being used by the wider whitefly community. To move forwarrd as a community, we must work towards a formal revision of the B. tabaci complex. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Occurrence of fungicide resistance in populations of Botryotinia fuckeliana (Botrytis cinerea) on table grape and strawberry in southern Italy
Authors: De Miccolis Angelini Rita Milvia , Rotolo Caterina , Masiello Mario , Gerin Donato , Pollastro Stefania , Faretra Francesco 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDBotryotinia fuckeliana (Botrytis cinerea) is a pathogen with a high risk of development of resistance to fungicides. Fungicide resistance was monitored during 2008–2011 in B. fuckeliana populations from both table‐grape vineyards and greenhouse‐grown strawberries in southern Italy.RESULTSIsolates showing different levels of resistance to anilinopyrimidines (APs) were detected at high frequency (up to 98%) in fields treated intensively with APs (4–7 sprays season−1). A slight decrease in sensitivity to fludioxonil, always combined with AP resistance, was generally found at lower frequencies. The repeated use of fenhexamid on grapevine (3–8 sprays season−1) led to a strong selection of highly resistant isolates (up to 100%). Boscalid‐resistant mutants were detected at very variable frequencies (0–73%). Occurrence of resistance to quinone outside inhibitors (QoIs) was also ascertained. Multiple fungicide resistance to 2–6 different modes of action were frequently recovered. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the target genes Erg27, SdhB and cytb were associated with resistance to fenehexamid, boscalid and QoIs respectively.CONCLUSIONResistance to the fungicides commonly used against grey mould on table grape and strawberry is quite common in southern Italy. This is an outcome of the incorrect use of fungicides, often because of the maximum number of detectable residues of plant protection products imposed by big international retailers, and underlines the crucial role of antiresistance strategies in integrated pest management. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Correlation‐induced magnetic order and magnetic phenomena in transition‐metal δ‐doped cubic ZnO
Authors: Galanakis Iosif 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe properties of transition‐metal (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) δ‐doped ZnO are reported based on ab‐initio electronic structure calculations where the on‐site electronic correlations are included using the Hubbard parameters. The calculated electronic and magnetic properties are considerably altered with respect to usual band‐structure calculations. Most of the studied systems are found to be either half‐metals or ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic semiconductors and thus can be employed in a variety of spintronic applications as spin‐filter materials.magnified imageSchematic representation of the structural and magnetic order of an impurity (001) monolayer in cubic ZnO structures. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)