bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geology, isotope geochemistry, and ore genesis of the Yindonggou Ag–Au(–Pb–Zn) deposit, Hubei Province, China
Authors: Yue Su‐Wei , Deng Xiao‐Hua , Bagas Leon 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe Yindonggou Ag–Au(–Pb–Zn) deposit is hosted by metamorphosed volcanic rocks of the ca. 740–760 Ma Wudangshan Group in the Proterozoic Wudang Block of the southern part of the Qinling Orogen, central China. The deposit consists of a series of mineralized quartz veins located in the Yindongyan Anticline. Based on the mineral assemblages and cross‐cutting relationships of quartz veins, the deposit can be divided into: (1) early fine‐grained quartz–sphalerite–galena veins; (2) fine‐grained quartz–silver–gold veins containing minor amounts of pyrite; (3) coarse‐grained quartz veins with minor amounts of galena, sphalerite, and chalcopyrite; and (4) late ankerite–quartz veins. Most of the Pb–Zn mineralization formed during the early (Stage 1) veins followed by the deposition of Ag–Au mineralization in the Stage 2 veins. The δ18O value for the ore‐forming fluids decreases from 6.6–9.4‰ in the Stage 1 veins through 3.6–4.9‰ in the Stage 2 veins to −1.2‰ to 0.4‰ in the Stage 3 veins (the δ18O values could not be determined for the Stage 4 veins). Furthermore, the δD values are −74‰ for the Stage 1 veins, −95‰ to −56 ‰ for the Stage 2 veins, and −48‰ to −73‰ for the Stage 3 veins. The δ13C values for ankerite in the Stage 4 veins are between −2.9‰ and −1.1‰. The δD vs. δ18OH2O plot for these values indicates that there was a shift from metamorphic fluids during the formation of the early veins to meteoric fluids during the formation of the later veins at the deposit. The H–O–C isotope systematics also indicate that the ore fluids forming the deposit were probably initially sourced from metamorphic dehydration of volcanic‐carbonate rocks in the ca. 740–760 Ma Wudangshan Group and with time gradually mixed with meteoric water by Stage 4. The δ34S values for sulphides from the deposit range from −0.9‰ to 7.1‰ in the Stage 1 veins, 3.8‰ to 5.0‰ in the Stage 2 veins, and 2.4‰ to 11.3‰ in the wallrocks. Sulphides from the mineralized Stage 1 veins yield 206Pb/204Pb ratios of 16.44–16.6, 207Pb/204Pb ratios of 15.25–15.5, and 208Pb/204Pb ratios of 36.4–36.98. Five pyrite samples from the Stage 2 veins yield 206Pb/204Pb ratios of 16.475–16.529, 207Pb/204Pb ratios of 15.346–15.395, and 208Pb/204Pb ratios of 36.49–36.616. Both the S and Pb isotope ratios are between the ratios for units in the Wudangshan Group and mantle but differ from other lithological units in the Wudang Block, which suggest that the mineralized fluids interacted with both the Wudangshan Group and deep‐seated sources. Thus, we suggest that the original ore‐forming fluids are metamorphic in origin, and the metal deposition resulted from fluid mixing. From the characteristics observed, the Yindonggou Ag–Au(–Pb–Zn) deposit can be classified as an orogenic‐type deposit generated during the Triassic Qinling Orogeny resulting from northward oceanic plate subduction along the Mian‐Lue Suture. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measuring the Hospital Length of Stay/Readmission Cost Trade‐Off Under a Bundled Payment Mechanism
Authors: Carey Kathleen 
Published: May 2014

SummaryIf patients are discharged from the hospital prematurely, many may need to return within a short period of time. This paper investigates the relationship between length of stay and readmission within 30 days of discharge from an acute care hospitalization. It applies a two‐part model to data on Medicare patients treated for heart attack in New York state hospitals during 2008 to obtain the expected cost of readmission associated with length of stay. The expected cost of a readmission is compared with the marginal cost of an additional day in the initial stay to examine the cost trade‐off between an extra day of care and the expected cost of readmission. The cost of an additional day of stay was offset by expected cost savings from an avoided readmission in the range of 15% to 65%. Results have implications for payment reform based on bundled payment reimbursement mechanisms. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Subscapular system of flaps: An 8‐year experience with 105 patients
Authors: Gibber Marc J. , Clain Jason B. , Jacobson Adam S. , Buchbinder Daniel , Scherl Sophie , Zevallos Jose P. , Mehra Saral , Urken Mark L. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT: BackgroundReview patient and defect factors in which this donor site is an optimal choice for reconstruction and to discuss strategies to overcome the perceived drawbacks of this system of flaps.MethodsA retrospective medical chart review was conducted on all patients who underwent the subscapular system of free flaps for head and neck reconstruction.ResultsNinety‐eight reconstructions were performed for mandibular defects, 4 for maxillary defects alone and 3 for combined mandible‐maxilla defects. The overall success rate was 98%.ConclusionThe subscapular system of free flaps is an excellent option in patients for whom the alternative donor sites are either not usable or lack the associated soft tissue elements required for a successful reconstruction. This flap should also be considered as a first choice for patients with complex/extensive surgical defects requiring multiple, independently mobile, soft tissue components; in patients who will benefit from a large muscle flap placed over the vital structures in the neck; patients of advanced age; and patients in whom early mobilization is critical. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 1200–1206, 2015
A Sequence of events model of episodic memory shows parallels in rats and humans
Authors: Allen Timothy A. , Morris Andrea M. , Mattfeld Aaron T. , Stark Craig E.L. , Fortin Norbert J. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTA critical feature of episodic memory is the ability to remember the order of events as they occurred in time, a capacity shared across species including humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents. Accumulating evidence suggests that this capacity depends on a network of structures including the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex, but their respective contributions remain poorly understood. As addressing this important issue will require converging evidence from complementary investigative techniques, we developed a cross‐species, nonspatial sequence memory task suitable for behavioral and neurophysiological studies in rodents and in humans. The task involves the repeated presentation of sequences of items (odors in rats and images in humans) and requires subjects to make a judgment as to whether each item is presented “in sequence” or “out of sequence.” To shed light on the cognitive processes and sequence representations supporting performance, different types of “out of sequence” probe trials were used including: (i) repeating an item from earlier in the sequence (Repeats; e.g., ABAD), (ii) skipping ahead in the sequence (Skips; e.g., ABD), and (iii) inserting an item from a different sequence into the same ordinal position (Ordinal Transfers; e.g., A2CD). We found a remarkable similarity in the performance of rats and humans, particularly in the pattern of results across probe trial types. Thus, the results suggest that rats and humans not only remember the sequences of events, but also use similar underlying cognitive processes and mnemonic representations. This strong cross‐species correspondence validates this task for use in future basic and clinical interdisciplinary studies aimed at examining the neural mechanisms underlying episodic memory. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Exploratory analysis of statistical post‐processing methods for hydrological ensemble forecasts
Authors: Boucher Marie‐Amelie , Perreault Luc , Anctil François , Favre Anne‐Catherine 
Published: May 2014

AbstractDespite many recent improvements, ensemble forecast systems for streamflow often produce under‐dispersed predictive distributions. This situation is problematic for their operational use in water resources management. Many options exist for post‐processing of raw forecasts. However, most of these have been developed using meteorological variables such as temperature, which displays characteristics very different from streamflow. In addition, streamflow data series are often very short or contain numerous gaps, thus compromising the estimation of post‐processing statistical parameters. For operational use, a post‐processing method has to be effective while remaining as simple as possible. We compared existing post‐processing methods using normally distributed and gamma‐distributed synthetic datasets. To reflect situations encountered with ensemble forecasts of daily streamflow, four normal distribution parameterizations and six gamma distribution parameterizations were used. Three kernel‐based approaches were tested, namely, the ‘best member’ method and two improvements thereof, and one regression‐based approach. Additional tests were performed to assess the ability of post‐processing methods to cope with short calibration series, missing values or small numbers of ensemble members. We thus found that over‐dispersion is best corrected by the regression method, while under‐dispersion is best corrected by kernel‐based methods. This work also shows key limitations associated with short data series, missing values, asymmetry and bias. One of the improved best member methods required longer series for the estimation of post‐processing parameters, but if provided with adequate information, yielded the best improvement of the continuous ranked probability score. These results suggest guidelines for future studies involving real operational datasets. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Botulinum Toxin Induces Muscle Paralysis and Inhibits Bone Regeneration in Zebrafish
Authors: Recidoro Anthony M , Roof Amanda C , Schmitt Michael , Worton Leah E , Petrie Timothy , Strand Nicholas , Ausk Brandon J , Srinivasan Sundar , Moon Randall T , Gardiner Edith M , Kaminsky Werner , Bain Steven D , Allan Christopher H , Gross Ted S , Kwon Ronald Y 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

Intramuscular administration of Botulinum toxin (BTx) has been associated with impaired osteogenesis in diverse conditions of bone formation (eg, development, growth, and healing), yet the mechanisms of neuromuscular-bone crosstalk underlying these deficits have yet to be identified. Motivated by the emerging utility of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a rapid, genetically tractable, and optically transparent model for human pathologies (as well as the potential to interrogate neuromuscular-mediated bone disorders in a simple model that bridges in vitro and more complex in vivo model systems), in this study, we developed a model of BTx-induced muscle paralysis in adult zebrafish, and we examined its effects on intramembranous ossification during tail fin regeneration. BTx administration induced rapid muscle paralysis in adult zebrafish in a manner that was dose-dependent, transient, and focal, mirroring the paralytic phenotype observed in animal and human studies. During fin regeneration, BTx impaired continued bone ray outgrowth, morphology, and patterning, indicating defects in early osteogenesis. Further, BTx significantly decreased mineralizing activity and crystalline mineral accumulation, suggesting delayed late-stage osteoblast differentiation and/or altered secondary bone apposition. Bone ray transection proximal to the amputation site focally inhibited bone outgrowth in the affected ray, implicating intra- and/or inter-ray nerves in this process. Taken together, these studies demonstrate the potential to interrogate pathological features of BTx-induced osteoanabolic dysfunction in the regenerating zebrafish fin, define the technological toolbox for detecting bone growth and mineralization deficits in this process, and suggest that pathways mediating neuromuscular regulation of osteogenesis may be conserved beyond established mammalian models of bone anabolic disorders. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Determinants and short‐term physiological consequences of PHA immune response in lesser kestrel nestlings
Authors: Rodríguez Airam , Broggi Juli , Alcaide Miguel , Negro Juan José , Figuerola Jordi 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTIndividual immune responses are likely affected by genetic, physiological, and environmental determinants. We studied the determinants and short‐term consequences of Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) induced immune response, a commonly used immune challenge eliciting both innate and acquired immunity, on lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni) nestlings in semi‐captivity conditions and with a homogeneous diet composition. We conducted a repeated measures analyses of a set of blood parameters (carotenoids, triglycerides, β‐hydroxybutyrate, cholesterol, uric acid, urea, total proteins, and total antioxidant capacity), metabolic (resting metabolic rate), genotypic (MHC class II B heterozygosity), and biometric (body mass) variables. PHA challenge did not affect the studied physiological parameters on a short‐term basis (<12 hr), except plasma concentrations of triglycerides and carotenoids, which decreased and increased, respectively. Uric acid was the only physiological parameter correlated with the PHA induced immune response (skin swelling), but the change of body mass, cholesterol, total antioxidant capacity, and triglycerides between sessions (i.e., post—pre treatment) were also positively correlated to PHA response. No relationships were detected between MHC gene heterozygosity or resting metabolic rate and PHA response. Our results indicate that PHA response in lesser kestrel nestlings growing in optimal conditions does not imply a severe energetic cost 12 hr after challenge, but is condition‐dependent as a rapid mobilization of carotenoids and decrease of triglycerides is elicited on a short‐term basis.J. Exp. Zool. 321A: 376–386, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Male claspers in clam shrimps (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) in the light of evolution: A case study on homology versus analogy
Authors: Kaji Tomonari , Fritsch Martin , Schwentner Martin , Olesen Jørgen , Richter Stefan 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTMale “clam shrimps” possess highly modified first (and second) trunk limbs for clasping the carapace of females during copulation. Claspers are present in all three clam shrimp taxa (Laevicaudata, Spinicaudata, and Cyclestherida) but despite striking similarities in their morphology and function, the matter of their homology is controversial. In this study, we address the question of the homology and evolution of these structures by comparing the developmental transformation of an unspecialized trunk limb into a clasper. In addition, we study the musculature and the nervous system in trunk limbs and claspers using confocal laser scanning microscopy. We establish that most (but not all) of the various parts of the claspers are homologous between clam shrimp taxa. We suggest that a single pair of claspers was already present in the ground pattern of Diplostraca, probably most comparable to those in Cyclestherida. The claspers, therefore, do not represent a case of analogy. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 322B: 269–280, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bipartite 2‐Factorizations of Complete Multipartite Graphs
Authors: Bryant Darryn , Danziger Peter , Pettersson William 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIt is shown that if K is any regular complete multipartite graph of even degree, and F is any bipartite 2‐factor of K, then there exists a factorization of K into F; except that there is no factorization of K6, 6 into F when F is the union of two disjoint 6‐cycles.
Panel: Maximizing the usage of value vocabularies in the linked data ecosystem
Authors: Zeng Marcia L. , Z̆umer Maja , O'Neill Edward T. , Mixter Jeff , Lin Xia 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe creation of knowledge organization systems (KOS) such as taxonomies, thesaurus, ontologies, and name authorities involve tremendous intellectual efforts. With the rapid development of Linked Data, KOS's functioning as value vocabularies has become fundamental in interlinking the values of discrete datasets. How to build on the existing value vocabularies and maximize their usage is a critical issue and directly relates to the cost‐effectiveness and the sustainability of a vocabulary as well as the datasets using it. This panel will focus on maximizing the usage of existing value vocabularies around the life‐cycle of a vocabulary in the Linked Data Ecosystem, including: (1) Transforming a subject heading vocabulary into a schema fully compatible with machine processing while also being easier to understand; (2) Using other Linked Data vocabularies to enrich and add details to each of the terms in a value vocabulary; (3) Managing and sharing KOS through registries and microdata using a metadata application profile; and (4) Designing and developing tools to connect Meaningful Concept Displays (MCDs) to multiple KOS and search systems, focusing on visualization approaches and new browsing styles.
Factors affecting the adoption of Facebook by information professionals
Authors: Aharony Noa 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis study seeks to explore whether or not information professionals who deal consistently with various technologies are familiar with Facebook and are ready to incorporate it within their organizations. The current study uses the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), a well‐known theory for explaining individuals' technology behaviors, as well as the “Big Five” model of personality, as theoretical bases from which to predict factors that may influence the adoption of Facebook by information professionals within their organizations. The research was conducted in Israel during the first semester of the 2013 academic year and encompassed two groups of information professionals: librarians, and information specialists. Researchers used five questionnaires to gather the data. Findings indicate that this study has expanded current research about the TAM by examining it within the context of Facebook, focusing on the variable of perceived enjoyment. In addition, the research findings confirm that the TAM (in its modified version), as well as other personality characteristics, significantly predict the likelihood of Facebook use, and highlight the importance of personality characteristics when considering technology acceptance. Researchers recommend that directors of information organizations be familiar with both the TAM and the issue of personality characteristics. These factors may help them choose the most appropriate employees, as well as understand and supervise threatened and/or unmotivated workers.
English and Chinese bilingual topic aspect classification: Exploring similarity measures, optimal LSA dimensions, and centroid correction of translated training examples
Authors: Wu Yejun , Oard Douglas W. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis paper explores topic aspect (i.e., subtopic or facet) classification for collections that contain more than one language (in this case, English and Chinese), and investigates several key technical issues that may affect the classification effectiveness. The evaluation model assumes a bilingual user who has found some documents on a topic and identified a few passages in each language on specific aspects of that topic that are of interest. Additional passages are then automatically labeled using a k‐Nearest‐Neighbor classifier and local (i.e., result set) Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA). Experiments show that when few manually annotated passages are available in either language, a classification system trained using passages from both languages can often achieve higher effectiveness than a similar system trained using passages from just one language. Using this experimental framework, this paper answers three technical research questions: whether the normalized cosine similarity measure is better than the more common unnormalized cosine similarity measure (yes), whether the number of retained LSA dimensions (which was heuristically chosen) is appropriate (yes), and whether partial corrections of the translated training examples in the LSA space can yield an improvement over no correction (no).
Search transition as a measure of effort in information retrieval interaction
Authors: Nordlie Ragnar , Pharo Nils 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn this article we introduce the concept of search transitions as a unit for measuring the effort invested by searchers in information retrieval interaction. The concept is discussed and compared to traditional measures of effort, such as time. To investigate the usability of the search transition measure we have performed an analysis of 149 logs in an IR system indexing a collection of 650.000 Wikipedia articles. Our findings show that search transitions correlate with other, more mechanistic, effort measures. Additional experiments are necessary to investigate if it is a better measure of effort than e.g. number of documents examined.
The show must go on: The presentation of self during interpersonal conflict on Facebook
Authors: Kim Jinyoung , Ahn June 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis study examines the presentation of self on Facebook by looking at user perceptions and behavior in times of conflict. Through semi‐structured interviews with Facebook users, we examined users' perceptions of Facebook as a front stage for social performance as well as the context of conflicts that they experience on Facebook. The findings show that interviewees experience conflicts when they encounter unexpected behaviors from peers that disturb their “performances” on Facebook. Violated norms activate different coping mechanisms, and interviewees often considered the goal of self‐presentation when adopting coping mechanisms during online conflicts. We also found that transitions in life situations were related to the heightened concerns of self‐presentation. Our study sheds light on the nature of conflicts occurring on Facebook and contributes to our understanding of a user's decision‐making process in pursuing the dual goals of impression management and interpersonal relationship maintenance.
Lost while searching: Difficulties in information seeking among end‐user programmers
Authors: Dorn Brian , Stankiewicz Adam , Roggi Chris 
Published: May 2014

AbstractEnd‐user programmers, those who write code but lack formal training in computer science, are often reliant on various tools such as API documentation or searching the Web for information in order to complete a specific task. This study examines the information foraging behaviors of a group of web and graphic designers engaged in a series of code modification tasks. We find that users were largely unsuccessful in their foraging activities, with few information seeking events resulting in noticeable changes to participants' source code. Participants viewed remarkably few results generated by their queries and rarely refined queries multiple times. However, these kinds of activities were positively correlated with task success metrics. We conclude with a discussion of the study's results and their implications on the design of future programming environments and search tools for end‐user programmers.