bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling the root system architecture of Poaceae. Can we simulate integrated traits from morphological parameters of growth and branching?
Authors: Pagès Loïc , Picon‐Cochard Catherine 
Published: June 2014

Summary

Our objective was to calibrate a model of the root system architecture on several Poaceae species and to assess its value to simulate several ‘integrated’ traits measured at the root system level: specific root length (SRL), maximum root depth and root mass.

We used the model ArchiSimple, made up of sub‐models that represent and combine the basic developmental processes, and an experiment on 13 perennial grassland Poaceae species grown in 1.5‐m‐deep containers and sampled at two different dates after planting (80 and 120 d).

Model parameters were estimated almost independently using small samples of the root systems taken at both dates. The relationships obtained for calibration validated the sub‐models, and showed species effects on the parameter values. The simulations of integrated traits were relatively correct for SRL and were good for root depth and root mass at the two dates. We obtained some systematic discrepancies that were related to the slight decline of root growth in the last period of the experiment.

Because the model allowed correct predictions on a large set of Poaceae species without global fitting, we consider that it is a suitable tool for linking root traits at different organisation levels.
Interpretation of lung function in infants and young children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Ramsey Kathryn A. , Ranganathan Sarath 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe last decade has seen a significant advance in understanding about early lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF). As studies that have measured lung function in preschool years are conducted in association with surveillance of infection, inflammation and early structural changes, and emerging longitudinal data become available, a better insight into the very early onset and nature of such lung disease is emerging. Interventions during the preschool years are increasingly viewed as being crucial to delaying and minimizing disease progression as this is the most important period of postnatal life in terms of lung development and airway remodelling. Lung function measurement in CF is potentially an important assessment tool and is used in routine clinical practice in several centres already. Results of studies from lung function tests that, on the basis of their underpinning physiology, are viewed as being best suited currently for the early detection of lung disease in CF are reviewed.
Effect of ground‐cover type on surface runoff and subsequent soil erosion in Champagne vineyards in France
Authors: Morvan X. , Naisse C. , Malam Issa O. , Desprats J. F. , Combaud A. , Cerdan O. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis study was conducted in Champagne vineyards in France, and the objectives were to compare the main cultivation practices in Champagne vineyards and to specify the conditions required for the optimum effect of inter‐row grass cover on runoff and erosion in experimental plots of 0.25 m² under simulated rainfall. Three types of ground cover were studied. In the bark‐and‐vine‐prunings plots, the runoff coefficient (RC) ranged from 1.3 to 4.0% and soil losses were <1 g/m2/h. In the bare soil (BS) plot, the highest RC of the study was found (80.0%) and soil losses reached 7.4 g/m2/h. In the grass cover plots, the RC and amount of eroded soil were highly variable: the RCs ranged from 0.4 to 77.0%, and soil losses were between less than 1 and 13.4 g/m2/h. Soil type, soil moisture, slope and agricultural practices did not account for the variability. In fact, the density of grass cover in the wheel tracks explained a portion of this variability. The lack of grass in the centre of the inter‐row allowed for a preferential flow and created an erosion line in the wheel tracks where the soil was compacted. This study showed that grass cover in a vineyard was not necessarily sufficient to reduce surface runoff and prevent soil erosion. To be effective, the grass cover must be dense enough in the wheel tracks of agricultural machinery to avoid RCs close to the RC achieved with BS.
The low‐recombining pericentromeric region of barley restricts gene diversity and evolution but not gene expression
Authors: Baker Katie , Bayer Micha , Cook Nicola , Dreißig Steven , Dhillon Taniya , Russell Joanne , Hedley Pete E , Morris Jenny , Ramsay Luke , Colas Isabelle , Waugh Robbie , Steffenson Brian , Milne Iain , Stephen Gordon , Marshall David , Flavell Andrew J. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryThe low‐recombining pericentromeric region of the barley genome contains roughly a quarter of the genes of the species, embedded in low‐recombining DNA that is rich in repeats and repressive chromatin signatures. We have investigated the effects of pericentromeric region residency upon the expression, diversity and evolution of these genes. We observe no significant difference in average transcript level or developmental RNA specificity between the barley pericentromeric region and the rest of the genome. In contrast, all of the evolutionary parameters studied here show evidence of compromised gene evolution in this region. First, genes within the pericentromeric region of wild barley show reduced diversity and significantly weakened purifying selection compared with the rest of the genome. Second, gene duplicates (ohnolog pairs) derived from the cereal whole‐genome duplication event ca. 60MYa have been completely eliminated from the barley pericentromeric region. Third, local gene duplication in the pericentromeric region is reduced by 29% relative to the rest of the genome. Thus, the pericentromeric region of barley is a permissive environment for gene expression but has restricted gene evolution in a sizeable fraction of barley's genes.
PIRIN2 stabilizes cysteine proteaseXCP2 and increases susceptibility to the vascular pathogenRalstonia solanacearumin Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhang Bo , Tremousaygue Dominique , Denancé Nicolas , van Esse H. Peter , Hörger Anja C. , Dabos Patrick , Goffner Deborah , Thomma Bart P. H. J. , van der Hoorn Renier A. L. , Tuominen Hannele 
Published: June 2014

SummaryPIRIN(PRN) is a member of the functionally diverse cupin protein superfamily. There are four members of theArabidopsis thalianaPRNfamily, but the roles of these proteins are largely unknown. Here we describe a function of the ArabidopsisPIRIN2 (PRN2) that is related to susceptibility to the bacterial plant pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. Twoprn2mutant alleles displayed decreased disease development and bacterial growth in response toR. solanacearuminfection. We elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism by analyzingPRN2 interactions with the papain‐like cysteine proteases (PLCPs)XCP2,RD21A, andRD21B, all of which bound toPRN2 in yeast two‐hybrid assays and in Arabidopsis protoplast co‐immunoprecipitation assays. We show thatXCP2 is stabilized byPRN2 through inhibition of its autolysis on the basis ofPLCPactivity profiling assays and enzymatic assays with recombinant protein. The stabilization ofXCP2 byPRN2 was also confirmedin planta. Likeprn2mutants, anxcp2single knockout mutant andxcp2 prn2double knockout mutant displayed decreased susceptibility toR. solanacearum, suggesting that stabilization ofXCP2 byPRN2 underlies susceptibility toR. solanacearumin Arabidopsis.
Training practices of hematopoietic progenitor cell–apheresis and –cord blood collection staff: analysis of a survey by the Alliance for Harmonisation of Cellular Therapy Accreditation
Authors: Celluzzi Christina M. , Keever‐Taylor Carolyn , Alurf Mahmoud , Koh Mickey B.C. , Rabe Fran , Rebulla Paolo , Sacchi Nicoletta , Sanders Jean , McGrath Eoin , Loper Kathy ,   The Alliance for Harmonisation of Cellular Therapy Accreditation (AHCTA)
Published: June 2014

BackgroundAs hematopoietic stem cell transplantation expands globally, identification of the key elements that make up high‐quality training programs will become more important to optimizing collection practices and quality of the products collected.Study Design and MethodsMultiple‐choice and open questions to identify training practices of those collecting hematopoietic progenitor cell–apheresis [HPC(A)] and –cord blood [HPC(CB)] products were distributed via an electronic survey tool worldwide. Data were collected on facility demographics, job descriptions, and the content of training programs including general practices, staff assessment, retraining, and unique program features.ResultsRespondents from more than 50 countries predominantly associating with facilities in North America and Europe represented transplant centers or transfusion services also performing collections. For the majority of staff performing HPC(A) collections (50%), initial training required as many procedures as necessary be done until competency was achieved. Competency was evaluated by direct observation comparing performance to written procedures or protocol steps (47%), combination of written assessment and observation (45%), evaluation of product quality (40%), and written assessment alone (12%). Staff retraining was customized on a case‐by‐case basis (42%). Similar criteria were placed on HPC(CB) training, with an emphasis on product quality measured by sterility, CD34+ cell collection efficiency, hematocrit, volume, and mononuclear cell count.ConclusionObservation, practice, evaluation, and retraining until competency is achieved marked the training programs. Success was based on the ability of staff to execute procedures ultimately measured in product quality. Identified features may assist facilities in further developing and strengthening their own training programs.
Optimal Setpoints for HVAC Systems via Iterative Cooperative Neighbor Communication
Authors: Elliott Matthew , Rasmussen Bryan P. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems in large buildings frequently feature a network topology wherein the outputs of each dynamic subsystem act as disturbances to other subsystems. The distributed optimization technique presented in this paper leverages this topology without requiring a centralized controller or widespread knowledge of the interaction dynamics between subsystems. Each subsystem's controller calculates an optimal steady state condition. The output corresponding to this condition is then communicated to downstream neighbors only. Similarly, each subsystem communicates to its upstream neighbors the predicted costs imposed by the neighbors' own calculated outputs. By judicious construction of the cost functions, all of the cost information is propagated through the network, allowing a Pareto optimal solution to be reached. The novelty of this approach is that communication between all plants is not necessary to achieve a global optimum. Since each optimizer does not require knowledge of its neighbors' dynamics, changes in one controller do not require changes to all controllers in the network. Proofs of convergence to Pareto optimality under certain conditions are presented, and convergence under the approach is demonstrated with a simulation example. The approach is also applied to a laboratory-based water chiller system; several experiments demonstrate the features of the approach and potential for energy savings.
The cultural evolution of mind reading
Authors: Heyes Cecilia M. , Frith Chris D. 
Published: June 2014

Learning to read minds starts early
No parent needs reminding that children are born with a surprising set of abilities. But children still need many hours of guidance and instruction. Heyes and Frith review one particular social cognitive skill: reading the minds of others (or at least working out what other people are thinking and feeling). An unrefined capacity for “mind reading” is present in infants, but teaching is necessary to develop the full-blown capacity seen in adults. The authors draw parallels between learning to read and learning to read minds.

Science
, this issue p.
10.1126/science.1243091
Xiburema Virus, a Hitherto Undescribed Virus within the Family
Rhabdoviridae
Isolated in the Brazilian Amazon Region
Authors: Wanzeller Ana Lucia M. , Martins Lívia C. , Diniz Júnior José Antonio P. , de Almeida Medeiros Daniele Barbosa , Cardoso Jedson F. , da Silva Daisy E. A. , de Oliveira Layanna F. , de Vasconcelos Janaina M. , Nunes Márcio R. T. , Vianez Júnior João Lídio da S. G. , Vasconcelos Pedro F. C. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

We report here the first complete open reading frame (ORF) genome sequence of Xiburema virus (XIBV), that of strain BE AR362159, isolated from mosquitoes (
Sabethes intermedius
) in Sena Madureira, Acre state, northern Brazil. All genes showed similarities with those belonging to members of the family
Rhabdoviridae
.
First Full Genome Sequence of a Human Enterovirus A120, Isolated in Madagascar
Authors: Razafindratsimandresy Richter , Joffret Marie-Line , Delpeyroux Francis , Heraud Jean-Michel 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

We report the first complete genome sequence of an enterovirus isolate belonging to the human enterovirus A species of the
Picornaviridae
family and to type A120 (EV-A120). The EV-A120 isolate MAD-2741-11 was obtained from the stool of a healthy child living on Madagascar Island. The isolate genome was amplified by a reverse transcription-PCR method, and the consensus sequence was determined.
Draft Genome Sequence of Kitasatospora cheerisanensis KCTC 2395, Which Produces Plecomacrolide against Phytopathogenic Fungi
Authors: Hwang Jae Yoon , Kim Soo Hee , Oh Hye Ryeung , Cho Yong-Joon , Chun Jongsik , Chung Young Ryun , Nam Doo Hyun 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

Kitasatospora cheerisanensis
KCTC 2395, which produces antifungal metabolites with bafilomycin derivatives, including bafilomycin C1-amide, was isolated from a soil sample at Mt. Jiri, South Korea. Here, we report its draft genome sequence, which contains 8.04 Mb with 73.6% G+C content and 7,810 protein-coding genes.
Draft Genome Sequences of
Vibrio
sp. Strains Isolated from Tetrodotoxin-Bearing Scavenging Gastropod
Authors: Kudo Toshiaki , Kawauchi Ayumi , Nakahara Tomomi , Zhang Xiaochi , Taniyama Shigeto , Takatani Tomohiro , Arakawa Osamu , Oshima Kenshiro , Suda Wataru , Kitamura Keiko , Iida Toshiya , Iino Takao , Inoue Tetsushi , Hongoh Yuichi , Hattori Masahira , Ohkuma Moriya 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

Vibrio
sp. strains JCM 18905 and JCM 19053 were isolated from a tetrodotoxin (TTX)-bearing scavenging gastropod, and
Vibrio
sp. strain JCM 18904 was isolated from a sea cucumber. All these are closely related to
Vibrio alginolyticus
. Their comparative genome information is useful for studies of TTX production in bacteria.
Reduced glenohumeral rotation, external rotation weakness and scapular dyskinesis are risk factors for shoulder injuries among elite male handball players: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Clarsen Benjamin , Bahr Roald , Andersson Stig Haugsboe , Munk Rikke , Myklebust Grethe 
Published: June 2014

AimTo determine whether rotator cuff strength, glenohumeral joint range of motion and scapular control are associated with shoulder injuries among elite male handball players.MethodsA total of 206 players in the Norwegian elite handball league for men were tested prior to the 2011–2012 season. Measures included: (1) glenohumeral internal and external rotation range of motion, (2) isometric internal rotation, external rotation and abduction strength and (3) assessment of scapular dyskinesis. Players were followed prospectively for the entire regular season (30 weeks), with shoulder problems registered bi-weekly using the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Overuse Injury Questionnaire. A cumulative severity score was calculated for each player based on their questionnaire responses. This was used as the outcome measure in risk factor analyses.ResultsThe average prevalence of shoulder problems throughout the season was 28% (95% CI 25% to 31%). The prevalence of substantial shoulder problems, defined as those leading to moderate or severe reductions in handball participation or performance, or to time loss, was 12% (95% CI 11% to 13%). Significant associations were found between obvious scapular dyskinesis (OR 8.41, 95% CI 1.47 to 48.1, p<0.05), total rotational motion (OR 0.77 per 5° change, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.995, p<0.05) and external rotation strength (OR 0.71 per 10 Nm change, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.99, p<0.05) and shoulder injury.ConclusionsInjury prevention programmes should incorporate interventions aimed at improving glenohumeral rotational range of motion, external rotation strength and scapular control.
Job burnout among critical care nurses from 14 adult intensive care units in northeastern China: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Chun , Huang De-Sheng , Guan Peng 
Published: June 2014

ObjectivesThe shortage of qualified nurses is one of the critical challenges in the field of healthcare. Among the contributing factors, job burnout has been indicated as a risk factor for the intention to leave. The purpose of this study was to provide a better understanding of the local status and reference data for coping strategies for intensive care unit (ICU)-nurse burnout among Liaoning ICU nurses.DesignObservational study.Setting17 ICUs from 10 tertiary-level hospitals in Liaoning, China.Participants431 ICU nurses from 14 ICUs nested in 10 tertiary-level hospitals in Liaoning, China, were invited during October and November 2010.Primary measuresBurnout was measured using the 22-item Chinese version of Maslach Burnout Inventory-Health Service Survey (MBI-HSS) questionnaires.Results14 ICUs responded actively and were included; the response rate was 87.7% among the 486 invited participants from these 17 ICUs. The study population was a young population, with the median age 25 years, IQR 23–28 years and female nurses accounted for the major part (88.5%). 68 nurses (16%) were found to have a high degree of burnout, earning high emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation scores together with a low personal accomplishment score.ConclusionsThe present study indicated a moderate distribution of burnout among ICU nurses in Liaoning, China. An investigation into the burnout levels of this population could bring more attention to ICU caregivers.
Drug efficacy in treating stable angina pectoris: a protocol for network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Jia Yongliang , Leung Siu-wai 
Published: June 2014

IntroductionThere were 11 pairwise meta-analysis on the efficacy of β-blockers (including atenolol, propranolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol and nadolol), calcium channel blockers (including amlodipine, diltiazem, felodipine, nifedipine and verapamil), and nitrates (including isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate and nitroglycerin) in treating stable angina pectoris. No network meta-analytic study has been published to evaluate the efficacies of these antianginal drugs. Current clinical guidelines (eg, National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) clinical guideline 126) are only based on the findings of limited clinical trials and pairwise meta-analysis. This study aims to fill this gap of research by conducting a Bayesian network meta-analysis to compare all these antianginal drugs.Methods and analysesRandomised controlled trials (RCT) on the drug therapy of stable angina pectoris with multiple outcome measures, selected from symptomatic relief, ECG tests, exercise tests, heart rates and blood pressures, etc, will be included. Overall effect sizes will be represented as mean differences with 95% credible intervals (CrI) for continuous outcome data and as ORs with 95% CrI for dichotomous outcome data. Bayesian network meta-analysis by WinBUGS will be conducted to compare the efficacies of these drugs. Sensitivity analysis on the quality of RCTs and subgroup analysis on the category of included drugs will be performed.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required because this study includes no confidential personal data and interventions on the patients. Network meta-analysis is based on the RCT reports of eligible drugs in treating stable angina pectoris. The results of this study will be disseminated by an open access and peer-reviewed publication.Trial registration numberPROSPERO CRD42014007113.
Gold-transporting hydrothermal fluids in the Earth's crust: an introduction
Authors: Garofalo Paolo S. , Ridley John R. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Hydrothermal ore deposits that are exploited for gold include both gold-only deposits, such as orogenic deposits, and gold-bearing examples of the common hydrothermal deposit types that are formed around upper-crustal magmatic centres, in particular porphyry and epithermal deposits. Fluid inclusion data have shown that ore fluids of gold-only deposits are compositionally distinct compared to fluids of other deposit types: Fluids of the latter deposit types are, in contrast, not distinctive, and recent research has been focussed on relating gold content to geochemical and petrological aspects of related magmatic systems and to fluid evolution on migration through the crust. This Special Publication includes an up-to-date summary of thermodynamic parameters of aqueous Au species at high temperatures and pressures, a dataset of fluid inclusion properties and compositions from orogenic deposits of different parts of the world, several comprehensive case studies of different types of gold deposits and their fluids from the USA, Brazil, Egypt, Slovakia and Bulgaria and numerical modelling aimed to define key parameters that affect fluid flow and gold deposition at a range of scales.
IL4 Receptor ILR4α Regulates Metastatic Colonization by Mammary Tumors through Multiple Signaling Pathways
Authors: Venmar Katherine T. , Carter Kathy J. , Hwang Daniel G. , Dozier E. Ashley , Fingleton Barbara 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIL4, a cytokine produced mainly by immune cells, may promote the growth of epithelial tumors by mediating increased proliferation and survival. Here, we show that the type II IL4 receptor (IL4R) is expressed and activated in human breast cancer and mouse models of breast cancer. In metastatic mouse breast cancer cells, RNAi-mediated silencing of IL4Rα, a component of the IL4R, was sufficient to attenuate growth at metastatic sites. Similar results were obtained with control tumor cells in IL4-deficient mice. Decreased metastatic capacity of IL4Rα “knockdown” cells was attributed, in part, to reductions in proliferation and survival of breast cancer cells. In addition, we observed an overall increase in immune infiltrates within IL4Rα knockdown tumors, indicating that enhanced clearance of knockdown tumor cells could also contribute to the reduction in knockdown tumor size. Pharmacologic investigations suggested that IL4-induced cancer cell colonization was mediated, in part, by activation of Erk1/2, Akt, and mTOR. Reduced levels of pAkt and pErk1/2 in IL4Rα knockdown tumor metastases were associated with limited outgrowth, supporting roles for Akt and Erk activation in mediating the tumor-promoting effects of IL4Rα. Collectively, our results offer a preclinical proof-of-concept for targeting IL4/IL4Rα signaling as a therapeutic strategy to limit breast cancer metastasis. Cancer Res; 74(16); 4329–40. ©2014 AACR.