bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The opaque mineralogy of metasedimentary rocks of the Meguma Group, Beaverbank-Rawdon area, Nova Scotia
Authors: Haysom S. J. , Horne R. J. , Pe-Piper G. 
Published: September 2014

Opaque mineralogy of a representative cross-section of deformed and metamorphosed turbiditic slate and metasandstone of the Meguma Group has been investigated optically and by electron microprobe. A strong stratigraphic control over the presence and abundance of certain opaque minerals is recognized, which may prove useful for environmental evaluation such as acid drainage potential. Abundant pyrite and pyrrhotite in the lower Halifax Formation reflect concentration of early diagenetic pyrite resulting from the reduction of seawater sulphate under anoxic conditions. Magnetite is restricted to the Goldenville Formation. Dmcnitc and rutile occur throughout the succession, and minor chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, covellite, hematite and glaucodot were also noted.

Pyrrhotite and ilmenitc, as well as spcssartine, chlorite and chloritoid porphyroblasts, developed during pro-grade metamorphism before and/or during cleavage formation, which also resulted in removal of early diagenetic pyrite. Later pyrite formed by replacement or immobilization of pyrrhotite during retrograde metamorphism. Colloform pyrite, arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite are the youngest mineral phases.

R&3xC9;SUMÉ
On a étudie la structure méniralogique opaque d'un échantillon représentatif de métagrès et d'ardoisc turbiditique déformés et mélamorphisés du groupe de Meguma, optiquement ainsi qu'è l'aide d'une microsonde électronique. On a ainsi reconnu un contrdle stratigraphique prononcé sur la présence et l'abondance de certains minéraux opaques, ce qui pourrait s'avérer utile pour une évaluation environnementale, comme celle du potentiel de drainage acide. Les quantités abondantes de pyrite et de pyrrhotine dans la partie inférieure de la Formation d'Halifax témoignent d'une concentration de pyrite diagcénétique précoce provenant de la réduction du sulfate d'eau salié dans des conditions anoxiques. La magnétite se limite à la Formation de Goldenville. On relève la présence d'ilménite et de rutile partout dans la succession, en plus de petites quantités de chalcopyrite, d'arsénopyrite, de covellite, d'hématitc et de glaucodot.

La pyrrhotine et l'ilménite, tout comme la spcssartine, la chlorite et les porphyroblastes chloritoldes, sont apparus au cours d'un métamorphisme progradc avant ou pendant la formation du clivage, qui a provoqué en plus un retrait de la pyrite diagénétique précoce. La pyrite ultérieure s'est formic par remplacement ou remobilisation de la pyrrhotine au cours d'un rétrométamorphisme. La pyrite colloforme, l'arsénopyrite et la chalcopyrite représentent les phases minérales les plus récentes.

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Late-glacial marine invertebrate macrofossils from Point Lepreau, New Brunswick
Authors: Miller Randall F. , McGovern Jeffrey H. 
Published: September 2014

A late-glacial shell fauna from Point Lepreau, New Brunswick produced a radiocarbon date of 13,500 years B.P. The assemblage contained well-preserved subarctic to boreal molluscs and barnacles typical of late Pleistocene marine deposits from the region. Rare specimens of sea urchin, crab and brittlestar may be the oldest recorded occurrence of these animals in the late-glacial Bay of Fundy. The assemblage fits into a previously defined Zone 3, late-glacial marine invertebrate assemblage in the Bay of Fundy-Gulf of Maine region, characterized as a Diverse Arctic assemblage.

RÉSUMÉ
La datation par le radiocarbone a situé à 13 500 ans BP une faune invertébéie tardiglaciaire de la pointe Lepreau, ou Nouveau-Brunswick. L'assemblage renferme des mollusques et des bernacles subarctiques à boréaux bien conservés caractéristiques des dépôts marins du Pléistocène tardif de la région. Les spècimens rares d'oursins, de crabes et d'ophiures pourraient constituer les manifestations les plus anciennes de la présence de ces animaux relevées dans la région tardiglaciaire de la baie de Fundy. L'assemblage se situé à l’intérieur de l'assemblage d'invertébrés marins tardiglaciaires de la zone 3 antérieurement défini dans la région de la baie de Fundy et du golfe du Maine, caractérisé en tant qu'assemblage arctique hétéiogene.

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A camerate crinoid from the Upper Silurian (Ludlow) Moydart Formation of Nova Scotia, Canada
Authors: Donovan Stephen K. , Pickerill Ron K. 
Published: September 2014

Well-preserved fossil echinodcrms are uncommon in the Arisaig Group (early Silurian to early Devonian) of Nova Scotia. Although not preserving sufficient detail to enable specific identification, a crinoid, monobathrid camerate gen. et sp. indet. from the Moydart Formation (late Silurian, late Ludlow), shows the following features: a long, heteromorphic (N212) column of circular section and with convex nodals; a broad, conical dorsal cup with broad, high radials; fixed, uniserial arms which branch twice; 20 long, free arms that are uniserial most proximally, but are otherwise biserial; and numerous, elongate, blade-like pinnules. The column of this species differentiates it from a second taxon commonly preserved perpendicular to bedding in the Moydart Formation. Thus, while one species in this formation is preserved autochthonously in life position, another forms a crinoid lagersiatte and coquinas of more complete specimens, but is, at best, parautochthonous.

RÉSUMÉ
Les échinodermes fossiles bien conservés sont rares dans le Groupe d'Arisaig (Silurien inférieur au Dévonien inférieur) de la Nouvelle-Écosse. Bien qu'il n'ait pas conservé suffisamment de details pour permettre une identification précise, un erinolde à chambres monobathride de genre et espèce inditérminés provenant de la Formation Moydart (Silurien supérieur, Ludlow supérieur) présente ces caractéristiques : longue colonne hétéromorphe (N212) d'une section circulaire avec nodales convexes; vaste calice dorsal conique avec rayons endosquelertiques élevés et étendus, et bras unisériés à deux niveaux de ramifications; 20 longs bras libres qui sont unisériés proximalcment, mais qui sont bisériés plus loin; ainsi que maintes pinnules oblongues en fer de lance. La colonne de cette espèce la différencie d'un deuxième taxon ordinairement conservé perpendiculairement au litage dans la Formation Moydart. Ainsi, même si une espèce de cette formation est conservée de fa÷on autochtone dans une position vitale, une autre peut être formée de lagersiatte crinoides et de coquillages cunéiformes de specimens plus complets, mais, au mieux, subautochtones.

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D/H in beetle chitin from the late-glacial Lismore site in eastern Canada: supplementary note
Authors: Miller Randall F. 
Published: September 2014

D/H (Deuterium-Hydrogen) analysis of chitin from a late-glacial site in eastern Canada demonstrates promising results and lends support to other evidence for the Killarney Oscillation.

RÉSUMÉ
L'analyse du rapport D/H (Dentérium-Hydrogène) de chitine provenant d'un site tardi-glaciaire dans l'Est du Canada démontre des résultats prometteurs et vient appuyer d'autres données pour l'oscillation de Killarney.

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A note on the geochemistry of some shales from the Bathurst-Newcastle Mining Camp, northern New Brunswick
Authors: Fyffe L. R. 
Published: September 2014

Ordovician volcanic and sedimentary rocks of the Tetagouche Group in the Bathurst-Newcastle area of northern New Brunswick are host to numerous stratiform sulphide deposits that appear restricted to certain stratigraphic horizons. As a mapping aid in these complexly deformed rocks, shales from some of the recently established formational divisions within the Tetagouche Group were analyzed to determine if they possess specific geochemical signatures that could be used for correlative purposes. Grey and black shales from the Patrick Brook Formation in the lower part of the Tetagouche Group of northern New Brunswick do not exhibit the enrichment in V and U that is characteristic of black shale from the Bright Eye Brook Formation of west-central New Brunswick. Black cherty shales from the Boucher Brook Formation in the upper part of the Tetagouche Group and from the Pointe Verte Formation of the Fournier Group are mildly enriched in V and U. Grey shale from the Boucher Brook Formation is enriched in Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu, and Co, and displays a positive Cc anomaly and elevated values of light rare-earth elements compared to average shale. This variation in geochemistry reflects a change in depositions] conditions from anoxic to oxic between the early and mid-Ordovician and accounts for the abundance of preserved sulphide deposits in the lower part of the Tetagouche Group.

RÉSUMÉ
Les roches volcaniques et séimentaires du Groupe de Tetagouche dans la région de Bathurst-Newcastle, dans le nord du Nouveau-Brunswick, sont hôtes de nombreux dépôts de sulfures stratiformes qui scmblent être confines à certains niveaux stratigraphiques. Dans le but de faciliter la cartographic de ces roches à structure complexe, des schistes argileux, provenant des formations recemment établies dans le Groupe de Tetagouche, furent analysés afin de déterminer s'ils possedent des signatures géochimiques qui pourraient être utilisées a des fins de correlation. Les schistes argileux gris et noirs de la Formation de Patrick Brook de la partie inférieure du Groupe de Tetagouche du nord du Nouveau-Brunswick ne montrent pas l'enrichissement en V et U qui est caractéristique du shale noir de la Formation de Bright Eye Brook du centre-ouest du Nouveau-Brunswick. Les schistes argileux noirs et cherteux de la Formation de Boucher Brook de la partie supérieure du Groupe de Tetagouche et de la Formation de Pointe-Verte du Groupe de Fournier sont légèrement enrichis en V et U. Le schiste argileux gris de la Formation de Boucher Brook est enrichi en Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu et Co, et montre une anomalie positive en Ce et des valeurs élevées de terres rares légères par rapport au schiste argileux moyen. Cette variation de la composition géochimique reflete un changement de conditions de dépôt d'anoxique à oxygénées entre L'Ordovicien précoce et le moyen et explique l'abondance des dépôts de sulfures préserves dans la partie inférieure du Groupe de Tetagouche.

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Isocrinid crinoids from the late Cenozoic of Jamaica
Authors: Donovan Stephen K. 
Published: September 2014

Eight species of isocrinines have been documented from the Lower Cretaceous to Pleistocene of Jamaica. New finds include a second specimen of a Miocene species from central north Jamaica, previously regarded as Diplocrinus sp. but reclassified as Teliocrmus? sp. herein. Extant Teliocrinus is limited to the Indian Ocean, although Miocene specimens have been recorded from Japan, indicating a wider distribution during the Neogene. One locality in the early Pleistocene Manchioncal Formation of eastern Jamaica has yielded three species of isocrinine, Cenocrinus asterius (Linné), Diplocrinus maclearanus (Thomson) and Neocrinus decorus Thomson. These occur in association with the bourgueticrinine Democrinus sp. or Monachocrinus sp. These taxa are all extant and suggest a minimum depositional depth for the Manchioneal Formation at this locality of about 180 m. This early Pleistocene fauna represents the most diverse assemblage of fossil crinoids documented from the Antillean region.

RÉSUMÉ
Huit espèces d'isocrinines de la période du Cretacé infeérieur au Pleéstocene de la Jamatque ont été documentés. Les nouvelles découvertes comprennent un deuxième spécimen d'unc espèce du Miocène du nord central de la Jamaique, auparevant considered comme l'espèce Diplocrinus, mais reclassified en tant que Teliocrinus? aux présentes. Le Teliocrinus existant est limité à l'océan Indien, même si on a relevé des spécimens du Miocene au Japon, ce qui est reVilateur d'une distribution plus répandue au cours du Néogène. Un emplacement de la formation de Manchioneal du Pleéstocene inférieur dans L'est de la Jamalque a livré trois espèces d'isocrinines : le Cenocrinus asterius (Linné), le Diplocrinus maclearanus (Thomson) et le Neocrinus decorus (Thomson). Ceux-ci sont présents en association avec les bourgueticrinines Democrinus ou Monachocrinus. Ces taxons sont tous existants et ils permettent de supposer que la formation de Manchioneal aurait une profondeur minimale de sedimentation d'environ 180 m à cet endroit. Cette faunc du Pleéstocene inférieur représente l'assemblage le plus diversifé de crinoides fossiles documentés dans la région des Antilles.

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Use of the QR Reader to Provide Real-Time Evaluation of Residents' Skills Following Surgical Procedures
Authors: Reynolds Kellin , Barnhill Danny , Sias Jamie , Young Amy , Polite Florencia Greer 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

Background
A portable electronic method of providing instructional feedback and recording an evaluation of resident competency immediately following surgical procedures has not previously been documented in obstetrics and gynecology.

Objective
This report presents a unique electronic format that documents resident competency and encourages verbal communication between faculty and residents immediately following operative procedures.

Methods
The Microsoft Tag system and SurveyMonkey platform were linked by a 2-D QR code using Microsoft QR code generator. Each resident was given a unique code (TAG) embedded onto an ID card. An evaluation form was attached to each resident's file in SurveyMonkey. Postoperatively, supervising faculty scanned the resident's TAG with a smartphone and completed the brief evaluation using the phone's screen. The evaluation was reviewed with the resident and automatically submitted to the resident's educational file.

Results
The evaluation system was quickly accepted by residents and faculty. Of 43 residents and faculty in the study, 38 (88%) responded to a survey 8 weeks after institution of the electronic evaluation system. Thirty (79%) of the 38 indicated it was superior to the previously used handwritten format. The electronic system demonstrated improved utilization compared with paper evaluations, with a mean of 23 electronic evaluations submitted per resident during a 6-month period versus 14 paper assessments per resident during an earlier period of 6 months.

Conclusions
This streamlined portable electronic evaluation is an effective tool for direct, formative feedback for residents, and it creates a longitudinal record of resident progress. Satisfaction with, and use of, this evaluation system was high.
Financing Residency Training Redesign
Authors: Carney Patricia A. , Waller Elaine , Green Larry A. , Crane Steven , Garvin Roger D. , Pugno Perry A. , Kozakowski Stanley M. , Douglass Alan B. , Jones Samuel , Eiff M. Patrice 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

Background
Redesign in the health care delivery system creates a need to reorganize resident education. How residency programs fund these redesign efforts is not known.

Methods
Family medicine residency program directors participating in the Preparing Personal Physicians for Practice (P4) project were surveyed between 2006 and 2011 on revenues and expenses associated with training redesign.

Results
A total of 6 university-based programs in the study collectively received $5,240,516 over the entire study period, compared with $4,718,943 received by 8 community-based programs. Most of the funding for both settings came from grants, which accounted for 57.8% and 86.9% of funding for each setting, respectively. Department revenue represented 3.4% of university-based support and 13.1% of community-based support. The total average revenue (all years combined) per program for university-based programs was just under $875,000, and the average was nearly $590,000 for community programs. The vast majority of funds were dedicated to salary support (64.8% in university settings versus 79.3% in community-based settings). Based on the estimated ratio of new funding relative to the annual costs of training using national data for a 3-year program with 7 residents per year, training redesign added 3% to budgets for university-based programs and about 2% to budgets for community-based programs.

Conclusions
Residencies undergoing training redesign used a variety of approaches to fund these changes. The costs of innovations marginally increased the estimated costs of training. Federal and local funding sources were most common, and costs were primarily salary related. More research is needed on the costs of transforming residency training.
Patient No-Show Predictive Model Development using Multiple Data Sources for an Effective Overbooking Approach
Authors: Hanauer D.A. , Huang Y. 
Published: September 2014

SummaryBackground: Patient no-shows in outpatient delivery systems remain problematic. The negative impacts include underutilized medical resources, increased healthcare costs, decreased access to care, and reduced clinic efficiency and provider productivity.Objective: To develop an evidence-based predictive model for patient no-shows, and thus improve overbooking approaches in outpatient settings to reduce the negative impact of no-shows.Methods: Ten years of retrospective data were extracted from a scheduling system and an electronic health record system from a single general pediatrics clinic, consisting of 7,988 distinct patients and 104,799 visits along with variables regarding appointment characteristics, patient demographics, and insurance information. Descriptive statistics were used to explore the impact of variables on show or no-show status. Logistic regression was used to develop a no-show predictive model, which was then used to construct an algorithm to determine the no-show threshold that calculates a predicted show/no-show status. This approach aims to overbook an appointment where a scheduled patient is predicted to be a no-show. The approach was compared with two commonly-used overbooking approaches to demonstrate the effectiveness in terms of patient wait time, physician idle time, overtime and total cost.Results: From the training dataset, the optimal error rate is 10.6% with a no-show threshold being 0.74. This threshold successfully predicts the validation dataset with an error rate of 13.9%. The proposed overbooking approach demonstrated a significant reduction of at least 6% on patient waiting, 27% on overtime, and 3% on total costs compared to other common flat-overbooking methods.Conclusions: This paper demonstrates an alternative way to accommodate overbooking, accounting for the prediction of an individual patient’s show/no-show status. The predictive no-show model leads to a dynamic overbooking policy that could improve patient waiting, overtime, and total costs in a clinic day while maintaining a full scheduling capacity.Citation: Huang Y, Hanauer D.A. Patient no-show predictive model development using multiple data sources for an effective overbooking approach. Appl Clin Inf 2014; 5: 836–860http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2014-04-RA-0026
The Image of Irish in the Life and Work of Eugene O'Neill
Authors: Lee E. Andrew 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
As a result of his ambivalent relationship with his father and, by extension, his Irish heritage, O'Neill's work displays Irish characters in a variety of contexts. From the early plays of the S.S. Glencairn cycle to the later plays, including The Iceman Cometh, A Touch of the Poet, and A Moon for the Misbegotten, O'Neill's Irish characters become increasingly complex and enigmatic. Using primarily a biographical approach, this essay examines O'Neill's relationship with his Irish heritage and the evolution of his Irish characters throughout his career.
Under the Shade of Ideology
Authors: Farhoudi Houriyeh , Zolfaghari Yaser 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Eugene O'Neill's The Hairy Ape stands as a trenchant critique of American capitalist culture and the ideology that promotes it. It characterizes those at the top and bottom of the economic heap, and examines the ways in which American ideals not only fail to fulfill their promises but also contribute to the decay of personal values. The present study focuses on analyzing the play as a demonstration of Marxist theories of the socioeconomic system. The play works as a critique of capitalism and classism and implies how aimless and fruitless the proletariat's efforts are in resisting and undermining the predominant classes. The play symbolically critiques the oppressive effect and repressive ideology of classism and capitalism. Moreover, it criticizes the role of organized religion. O'Neill reveals how organized religion functions to prevent recognition of oppressive forces utilized by the bourgeoisie.
Parthenogenesis in Hesiod's Theogony
Authors: Park Arum 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACT
This article examines female asexual reproduction, or parthenogenesis, in Hesiod's Theogony and argues that it is a symptom of the unprecedented and unparalleled female presence Hesiod inserts into his cosmos. This presence in turn reflects Hesiod's incorporation of gender difference and conflict as indispensable both to the creation and, paradoxically, to the stability of the universe. Five of Hesiod's deities reproduce parthenogenetically: Chaos, Gaea, Night, Strife, and Hera, of whom all but the sexually indeterminate Chaos are female. Hesiod's male gods have no analogous reproductive ability. The parthenogenetic phases of the early goddesses form much of the fundamental shape and character of the universe, while in the case of Hera, parthenogenesis serves initially as an act of defiance against Zeus but ultimately enforces his reign. Parthenogenesis does not have these functions in either the Near Eastern or other Greek cosmogonic traditions, a difference that reflects Hesiod's greater emphasis on female participation in his succession myth. Yet Hesiod's cosmogonic narrative, like others, culminates in the lasting reign of a male god, Zeus. In this context parthenogenesis is a manifestation of female creation, which ultimately reinforces the stability of a male sovereign. The relative prominence of parthenogenesis in the Theogony reflects Hesiod's emphasis on gender difference and conflict as indispensable to a cosmos in which conflict and concord coexist as equal partners in creation and stability.
The Goddess Frig:
Authors: Doyle White Ethan 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACT
This article critically examines the evidence for the existence of the Anglo-Saxon goddess Frig, exploring toponyms, day names, Old English textual sources, archaeology, and comparisons with continental Germanic mythologies. Challenging previous assertions that she was the consort of the god Woden and was associated with love and motherhood, it furthermore contends that this scholarly misinterpretation of the deity has had wider repercussions, affecting the way that contemporary Pagans interpret this particular divinity. Ultimately, it argues that far less can be said about Frig with any certainty than has been previously supposed, suggesting that a case can even be made that she had never existed as a deity in Anglo-Saxon England at all.