bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and craniosynostosis among offspring in the national birth defects prevention study
Authors: O'Brien Jacqueline L. , Langlois Peter H. , Lawson Christina C. , Scheuerle Angela , Rocheleau Carissa M. , Waters Martha A. , Symanski Elaine , Romitti Paul A. , Agopian A.J. , Lupo Philip J. ,   the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: June 2015

BackgroundEvidence in animal models and humans suggests that exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may lead to birth defects. To our knowledge, this relationship has not been evaluated for craniosynostosis, a birth defect characterized by the premature closure of sutures in the skull. We conducted a case‐control study to examine associations between maternal occupational exposure to PAHs and craniosynostosis.MethodsWe used data from craniosynostosis cases and control infants in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) with estimated delivery dates from 1997 to 2002. Industrial hygienists reviewed occupational data from the computer‐assisted telephone interview and assigned a yes/no rating of probable occupational PAH exposure for each job from 1 month before conception through delivery. We used logistic regression to assess the association between occupational exposure to PAHs and craniosynostosis.ResultsThe prevalence of exposure was 5.3% in case mothers (16/300) and 3.7% in control mothers (107/2,886). We observed a positive association between exposure to PAHs during the 1 month before conception through the third month of pregnancy and craniosynostosis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–3.05) after adjusting for maternal age and maternal education. The number of cases for each craniosynostosis subtype limited subtype analyses to sagittal craniosynostosis; the odds ratio remained similar (OR = 1.76, 95% CI, 0.82–3.75), but was not significant.ConclusionOur findings support a moderate association between maternal occupational exposure to PAHs and craniosynostosis. Additional work is needed to better characterize susceptibility and the role PAHs may play on specific craniosynostosis subtypes. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:55–60, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Die Terminologie von Epochen – Überlegungen am Beispiel Frühe Neuzeit/,early modern‘
Authors: Nipperdey Justus 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe Significance of Terminology for the Idea of a Historical Period – Considerations on Frühe Neuzeit/Early Modern. This article focuses on the relationship between the names given to historical periods and the attributed substance of that period. It argues that the possibility of a neutralisation in terms of substantive meaning depends on the terminology used to delineate a historical period. Considering the example of ‘early modern history’ the article sketches the usage of that term in twentieth century historiography. While it is clear that the concept cannot escape the inherent teleology of modernity succeeding pre‐modern ages, the analysis shows that historians have used ‘early modern’ in surprisingly divers ways trying to overcome the semantic meaning of the term itself.
The changes in bone organic and inorganic matrix in newborn rats after maternal application of antiretroviral agents: Indinavir and zidovudine
Authors: Maciejewska Karina , Drzazga Zofia , Kaszuba Michal 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis work presents results concerning influence of indinavir (protease inhibitor, PI1) and zidovudine (nucleoside and nucleotide inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, NRTI) administered to pregnant Wistar rat females on organic and mineral constituents of bones and teeth (mandibles, skulls, tibiae, femurs, and incisors) of their offspring at the age of: 7, 14, and 28 days studied by means of induced laser and X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy supported by digital radiography. Influence of indinavir administered to pregnant female rats on bone of their offspring revealed mainly in changes of mineral concentration: lowered Ca concentration and disturbances of trace elements. Zidovudine influenced organic matter more than inorganic matrix which was seen in enhancement of LIF fluorescence. However, there was also an unexpected increase of bone density for rats from zidovudine group, unlike indinavir group, observed. Our studies suggest that studied antiretroviral agents given to pregnant women, may have different destructive impact on bone state of their offspring in the first period of life. Maternal administration of zidovudine may delay development of organic matrix, while indinavir may have adverse effects on inorganic structure. © 2015 BioFactors, 41(3):198–208, 2015
Dynamic modelling of high biomass density cultivation and biohydrogen production in different scales of flat plate photobioreactors
Authors: Zhang Dongda , Dechatiwongse Pongsathorn , del Rio‐Chanona Ehecatl Antonio , Maitland Geoffrey C. , Hellgardt Klaus , Vassiliadis Vassilios S. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the scaling‐up of cyanobacterial biomass cultivation and biohydrogen production from laboratory to industrial scale. Two main aspects are investigated and presented, which to the best of our knowledge have never been addressed, namely the construction of an accurate dynamic model to simulate cyanobacterial photo‐heterotrophic growth and biohydrogen production and the prediction of the maximum biomass and hydrogen production in different scales of photobioreactors. To achieve the current goals, experimental data obtained from a laboratory experimental setup are fitted by a dynamic model. Based on the current model, two key original findings are made in this work. First, it is found that selecting low‐chlorophyll mutants is an efficient way to increase both biomass concentration and hydrogen production particularly in a large scale photobioreactor. Second, the current work proposes that the width of industrial scale photobioreactors should not exceed 0.20 m for biomass cultivation and 0.05 m for biohydrogen production, as severe light attenuation can be induced in the reactor beyond this threshold. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 2429–2438. © 2015 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Published by Wiley Peiodicals, Inc.
trans‐Symmetric Dynamic Covalent Systems: Connected Transamination and Transimination Reactions
Authors: Schaufelberger Fredrik , Hu Lei , Ramström Olof 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe development of chemical transaminations as a new type of dynamic covalent reaction is described. The key 1,3‐proton shift is under complete catalytic control and can be conducted orthogonally to, or simultaneous with, transimination in the presence of an amine to rapidly yield two‐dimensional dynamic systems with a high degree of complexity evolution. The transamination–transimination systems are proven to be fully reversible, stable over several days, compatible with a range of functional groups, and highly tunable. Kinetic studies show transamination to be the rate‐limiting reaction in the network. Furthermore, it was discovered that readily available quinuclidine is a highly potent catalyst for aldimine transaminations. This study demonstrates how connected dynamic reactions give rise to significantly larger systems than the unconnected counterparts, and shows how reversible isomerizations can be utilized as an effective diversity‐generating element.
Cation‐Transporting Peptides: Scaffolds for Functionalized Pores?
Authors: Behera Harekrushna , Ramkumar Venkatachalam , Madhavan Nandita 
Published: June 2015

AbstractProtein pores that selectively transport ions across membranes are among nature’s most efficient machines. The selectivity of these pores can be exploited for ion sensing and water purification. Since it is difficult to reconstitute membrane proteins in their active form for practical applications it is desirable to develop robust synthetic compounds that selectively transport ions across cell membranes. One can envision tuning the selectivity of pores by incorporating functional groups inside the pore. Readily accessible octapeptides containing (aminomethyl)benzoic acid and alanine are reported here that preferentially transport cations over halides across the lipid bilayer. Ion transport is hypothesized through pores formed by stable assemblies of the peptides. The aromatic ring(s) appear to be proximal to the pore and could be potentially utilized for functionalizing the pore interior.
Synthesis and Isolation of Organogold Complexes through a Controlled 1,2‐Silyl Migration
Authors: McGee Philippe , Bellavance Gabriel , Korobkov Ilia , Tarasewicz Anika , Barriault Louis 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDuring our efforts toward the synthesis of naturally occurring polyprenylated polycyclic acylphloroglucinol using a AuI‐catalyzed 6‐endo dig carbocyclization, we isolated stable vinyllic gold intermediates. Optimization lead to isolated yields of up to 98 %, using 2‐(di‐tert‐butylphosphino)biphenyl as the ligand. This transformation is derived from a silyl rearrangement that can be fully controlled according to the nature of the substituent on the ynone. This selective transformation does not require basic conditions to prevent protodeauration. These vinylgold complexes are the first isolated intermediates during a silyl migration with gold(I). More than 16 new organogold complexes were synthesized and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Reactivity of these complexes is also presented.
Carbon‐Atom Extrusion from Halobenzenes and Its Coupling with a Methylene Ligand to Form Acetylene
Authors: Zhou Shaodong , Schlangen Maria , Li Jilai , Wu Xiao‐Nan , Schwarz Helmut 
Published: June 2015

AbstractMechanistic aspects of an unusual gas‐phase reaction of [LaCH2]+ with halobenzenes have been investigated using Fourier‐transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In this thermal process a carbon‐atom from the benzene ring, most likely the ipso‐position, and the carbene ligand are coupled to form C2H2.
Albumin Supplement Affects the Metabolism and Metabolism‐Related Drug–Drug Interaction of Fenoprofen Enantiomers
Authors: Wang Nan , Wang Feng , Meng Yu , Yang Guo‐Hui , Chen Ju‐Wu , Wang Jia‐Xiang 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe influence of albumin towards the metabolism behavior of fenoprofen enantiomers and relevant drug–drug interaction was investigated in the present study. The metabolic behavior of fenoprofen enantiomers was compared in a phase II metabolic incubation system with and without bovine serum albumin (BSA). BSA supplement increased the binding affinity parameter (Km) of (R)‐fenoprofen towards human liver microsomes (HLMs) from 148.3 to 214.4 μM. In contrast, BSA supplement decreased the Km of (S)‐fenoprofen towards HLMs from 218.2 to 123.5 μM. For maximum reaction velocity (Vmax), the addition of BSA increased the Vmax of (R)‐fenoprofen from 1.3 to 1.6 nmol/min/mg protein. In the contrast, BSA supplement decreased the Vmax value from 3.3 to 1.5 nmol/min/mg protein. Andrographolide–fenoprofen interaction was used as an example to investigate the influence of BSA supplement towards fenoprofen‐relevant drug–drug interaction. The addition of 0.2% BSA in the incubation system significantly decreased the inhibition potential of andrographolide towards (R)‐fenoprofen metabolism (P < 0.001). Different from (R)‐fenoprofen, the addition of BSA significantly increased the inhibition potential of andrographolide towards the metabolism of (S)‐fenoprofen. BSA supplement also changed the inhibition kinetic type and parameter of andrographolide towards the metabolism of (S)‐fenoprofen. In conclusion, albumin supplement changes the metabolic behavior of fenoprofen enantiomers and the fenoprofen–andrographolide interaction. Chirality 27:436–440, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Monosomal karyotype predicts inferior survival independently of a complex karyotype in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: McQuilten Zoe K. , Sundararajan Vijaya , Andrianopoulos Nick , Curtis David J. , Wood Erica M. , Campbell Lynda J. , Wall Meaghan 
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUNDConflicting data exist about the impact of a monosomal karyotype (MK) on overall survival (OS) for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) and particularly for those with a complex karyotype (CK). This study was aimed at determining whether an MK is associated with OS independently of the number of cytogenetic abnormalities (CAs) in a population‐based MDS cohort.METHODSCancer registry data on incident MDS cases were linked with cytogenetic data and hospital administrative data from 2000 to 2010 for the Australian state of Victoria.RESULTSBetween 2000 and 2010, 1404 incident MDS cases with cytogenetic results were identified. A CK, defined as 3 or more abnormalities, was present in 126 (9%). A very complex karyotype (vCK), defined as 5 or more abnormalities, was present in 95 (7%). An MK was associated with worse OS in the whole cohort (median 6 vs 39 months, P < 0.001) including those with a coexisting CK (6 vs 17 months, P < 0.001) or vCK (6 vs 9 months, P = 0.02). After adjustments for the number of CAs, an MK remained independently associated with OS, although its effect size decreased with increasing cytogenetic complexity (hazard ratio for an MK, 4.81; 95% confidence interval, 3.08‐7.52; hazard ratio for the number of CAs, 1.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.15‐1.30; and hazard ratio for the interaction between an MK and CAs, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.77‐0.89).CONCLUSIONSThese results support the clinical utility of an MK as an independent predictor of adverse outcomes for MDS patients, even among CK and vCK groups, although its prognostic effect decreases with increasing cytogenetic complexity. Cancer 2015;121:2892–2899. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
The lasting impact of the therapeutic alliance: Patient‐oncologist alliance as a predictor of caregiver bereavement adjustment
Authors: Trevino Kelly M. , Maciejewski Paul K. , Epstein Andrew S. , Prigerson Holly G. 
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUNDCaregivers of patients with advanced cancer provide extensive care and experience high levels of psychosocial distress. The patient‐oncologist therapeutic alliance may be a modifiable factor that can prevent or reduce negative caregiver outcomes.METHODSCoping with Cancer (CwC) was a prospective, longitudinal, multisite cohort study of terminally ill cancer patients (life expectancy ≤6 months) and their informal caregivers, who were followed into bereavement (n = 68). Trained raters interviewed patients and caregivers upon study entry and also interviewed caregivers 6 months after the patient's death. Patients answered quantitative questions assessing their perception of the patient‐oncologist therapeutic alliance (The Human Connection scale), and caregivers completed a measure of health‐related quality of life (Medical Outcomes Study Short Form‐36). Interviewers rated caregivers’ level of emotional well being. Associations between therapeutic alliance and caregiver outcomes were analyzed using univariate analysis of variance and logistic regression analyses, controlling for baseline caregiver measures and confounding sample characteristics.RESULTSA strong patient‐oncologist therapeutic alliance was bivariately associated with caregiver self‐report of less role limitation because of emotional problems, better social function and mental and general health‐related quality of life, and better interviewer‐rated emotional well being after the patient's death. After controlling for baseline measures and confounding sample characteristics, the correlation between patient‐perceived therapeutic alliance and bereaved caregivers’ mental health and interviewer ratings of bereaved caregivers’ emotional well being remained significant.CONCLUSIONSThe influence of the patient‐oncologist alliance may generalize beyond the patient to positively impact the caregiver. By developing a strong relationship with the patient, the oncologist may benefit the caregiver and the patient. This caregiver benefit may extend into bereavement. Cancer 2015;121:3435–43. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Nickel‐Containing Keggin‐Type Polyoxometalates as Hydrogen Evolution Catalysts: Photochemical Structure–Activity Relationships
Authors: von Allmen Kim , Moré René , Müller Rafael , Soriano‐López Joaquín , Linden Anthony , Patzke Greta R. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn search of structure–activity relationships for polyoxometalate (POM)‐based water reduction catalysts, nickel‐monosubstituted Keggin‐type POMs ([Ni(H2O)XW11O39]n−; XP, Si, Ge) were compared with respect to their activity in photochemical hydrogen evolution. The title compound series was characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction methods and a wide range of spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. Nickel substitution was identified as a crucial feature for catalytic activity through comparison with nickel‐free reference POMs. Furthermore, turnover number (TON) and turnover frequency strongly depended on the heteroatom X, and the highest TON among the series was recorded for [Ni(H2O)GeW11O39]6−. Photochemical hydrogen evolution activity was compared with redox and onset potentials obtained from electrochemical analyses. Furthermore, activity trends were correlated with electronic structure properties derived from density functional theory calculations.
Biphasic Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydroesterification in a Polyol Phase: Selective Synthesis of Derived Monoesters
Authors: Pruvost Romain , Boulanger Jérôme , Léger Bastien , Ponchel Anne , Monflier Eric , Ibert Mathias , Mortreux André , Sauthier Mathieu 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe palladium‐catalyzed hydroesterification reaction was performed with polyols and olefins in a liquid/liquid biphasic system composed of unreacted polyol on the one hand and apolar reaction products/organic solvents on the other hand. The palladium‐based catalyst was immobilized in the polyol phase thanks to the use of cationic triarylphosphines possessing pendent protonated amino groups in the acidic reaction medium or to the sulfonated phosphine TPPTS (trisodium triphenylphosphine‐3,3′,3′′‐trisulfonate). Owing to the insolubility of the products in the catalytic phase, this approach allowed the synthesis of monoesters of polyols with high selectivities as well as the easy separation of the catalyst through simple decantation.
Carbon Nanosheets: Synthesis and Application
Authors: Fan Huailin , Shen Wenzhong 
Published: June 2015

AbstractCarbon nanosheets (CNSs) with tunable sizes, morphologies, and pore structures have been synthesized through several chemical routes. Graphitized CNSs have been synthesized through exfoliation, chemical vapor deposition, or high‐temperature carbonization. Porous CNSs have been synthesized by using various methods, including pyrolysis, self‐assembly, or a solvothermal method in connection with carbonization. These CNSs have successfully been used as detectors for metal ions, as cathodes for field electron emissions, as electrodes for supercapacitors and fuel cells, and as supports for photocatalytic and catalytic oxygen reduction. Therefore, the synthesis and application of CNSs are receiving increasing levels of interest, particularly as application benefits, in the context of future energy/chemical industry, are becoming recognized. This review provides a summary of the most recent and important progress in the production of CNSs and highlights their application in environmental and energy‐related fields.
Effects of grass species and grass growth on atmospheric nitrogen deposition to a bog ecosystem surrounded by intensive agricultural land use
Authors: Hurkuck Miriam , Brümmer Christian , Mohr Karsten , Spott Oliver , Well Reinhard , Flessa Heinz , Kutsch Werner L. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe applied a 15N dilution technique called “Integrated Total Nitrogen Input” (ITNI) to quantify annual atmospheric N input into a peatland surrounded by intensive agricultural practices over a 2‐year period. Grass species and grass growth effects on atmospheric N deposition were investigated using Lolium multiflorum and Eriophorum vaginatum and different levels of added N resulting in increased biomass production. Plant biomass production was positively correlated with atmospheric N uptake (up to 102.7 mg N pot−1) when using Lolium multiflorum. In contrast, atmospheric N deposition to Eriophorum vaginatum did not show a clear dependency to produced biomass and ranged from 81.9 to 138.2 mg N pot−1. Both species revealed a relationship between atmospheric N input and total biomass N contents. Airborne N deposition varied from about 24 to 55 kg N ha−1 yr−1. Partitioning of airborne N within the monitor system differed such that most of the deposited N was found in roots of Eriophorum vaginatum while the highest share was allocated in aboveground biomass of Lolium multiflorum. Compared to other approaches determining atmospheric N deposition, ITNI showed highest airborne N input and an up to fivefold exceedance of the ecosystem‐specific critical load of 5–10 kg N ha−1 yr−1.
Patent Blue Derivatized Dendronized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Multimodal Imaging
Authors: Truong‐Phuoc Lai , Marie Kueny‐Stotz  , Jouhannaud Julien , Garofalo Antonio , Blé François‐Xavier , Simon Hervé , Tellier Franklin , Poulet Patrick , Chirco Piero , Begin‐Colin Sylvie , Pourroy Geneviève , Felder‐Flesch Delphine 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDendronized nanoparticles were designed for the bimodal (optical and magnetic) detection of lymph nodes with a hand‐held probe during surgery. Patent Blue VF dye and iron oxide nanoparticles with 20 nm diameter, displaying high magnetization and located at the superparamagnetic/blocked monodomain boundary, were associated through a dendritic PEGylated coating to obtain stable water suspensions. Conjugation procedures (the sulfonamide link formed between the PEGylated dendron and the dye, together with the phosphonate anchoring on the iron oxide surface) were shown to be strong enough to survive in vivo conditions when the prepared nanohybrids were tested in an inflammatory node model. Moreover, magnetization of 20 nm nanoparticles increased when dendrons were grafted onto the surface, showing that they are good candidates for magnetic particle imaging, which requires high magnetization values. Preliminary lymphatic node uptake experiments performed in an inflammatory animal model showed higher uptake of the 10 nm nanoparticles relative to that of 20 nm nanoparticles. The highest probe concentration was reached 2 d after injection.