bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of formulated Metarhizium anisopliae on eggs and eclosing nymphs of Triatoma infestans
Authors: Rodrigues J. , Lobo L. S. , Fernandes É. K. K. , Luz C. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractLittle is known about the ovicidal effects of fungi that attack nymphs and adults of triatomine vectors. A combined formulation of Metarhizium anisopliae IP 46 conidia prepared with diatomaceous earth (DE) and vegetable oil was tested against eggs of Triatoma infestans. Eggs were highly susceptible to fungal infection at relative humidity close to saturation [>98% relative humidity (RH)] but not at 75% RH regardless of the formulation applied. Susceptibility of eggs decreased with longer post‐ovipositional embryonation periods before treatments. The eventual eclosion of nymphs was best suppressed by application of conidia prepared with DE + oil and at a >98% RH incubation. Moreover, nymphs were less affected by the fungus when exposed for only a 24‐h period after eclosion to a treated surface than individuals that were in constant contact with the conidia. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the potential of M. anisopliae as an agent against all developmental stages of T. infestans.
Beneficial effect of supplementing an artificial diet for Amblyseius swirskii with Hermetia illucens haemolymph
Authors: Nguyen D. T. , Bouguet V. , Spranghers T. , Vangansbeke D. , De Clercq P. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractArtificial diets have been developed to sustain the mass rearing of a wide range of arthropod natural enemies, with varying success. In some cases, such diets can be optimized using insect‐derived materials, such as haemolymph. In this study, we examined the effect of supplementing haemolymph of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, to a basic artificial diet for the phytoseiid mite Amblyseius swirskii. The survival, development and reproduction of the predatory mite were assessed when fed on artificial diets composed of honey, sucrose, tryptone, yeast extract and egg yolk, supplemented with 5%, 10%, or 20% of H. illucens pre‐pupal haemolymph. Developmental time from larva to adult was shorter for males and females offered artificial diets supplemented with 20% haemolymph vs. the basic diet. The oviposition rate and total fecundity of females reared on the basic diet were substantially lower than those of females supplied with the enriched diets. The intrinsic rate of increase was highest on the diet containing 20% haemolymph, followed by those containing 10% and 5% haemolymph. In a subsequent diet‐switching experiment, mites fed on the basic diet in their juvenile stages were switched upon adulthood to diet enriched with different concentrations of H. illucens haemolymph. The females that were fed with the enriched diets from the adult stage on had higher oviposition rates and fecundities than those maintained on the basic diet, but their reproductive parameters were not significantly affected by the concentration of the haemolymph in the artificial diet. In conclusion, supplementing artificial diets with black soldier fly haemolymph significantly improved their nutritional value for A. swirskii. Our findings indicate the potential of using H. illucens as a cheap source for haemolymph in artificial diets, as the fly can be cost‐effectively produced at a large scale on organic waste materials.
Spatiotemporal population dynamics of the banana rind thrips, Elixothrips brevisetis (Bagnall) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
Authors: Carval D. , Cotté V. , Notaro M. , Ryckewaert P. , Tixier P. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe understanding of how environmental factors and agricultural practices affect population dynamics of insect pests is necessary for pest management. Here, we provide insight into the ecology of the banana rind thrips Elixothrips brevisetis (Bagnall) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) by collecting and analysing a spatiotemporal database of population estimates in Martinique (West French Indies). We assessed the influence of climatic variables (which were rainfall and temperature) and biotic variables (which were banana and three weed species) on the adult thrips abundance for different components of the banana plant (sucker, mother plant and bunch) and evaluated the effect of thrips abundance and standard bunch covers on damages. The abundance of thrips on the sucker, the mother plant, and the bunch was significantly related to the abundance on neighbouring banana plants, and spatial autocorrelation indicated that E. brevisetis dispersed for only short distances. The number of thrips on the mother plant and on the bunch was positively related to the number of thrips on the sucker, suggesting that the thrips may disperse from the sucker to the mother plant and then to the bunch. The abundance of thrips on the sucker increased with sucker height and was positively correlated with the mean daily rainfall during the 17 days before sampling; the length of that period might correspond with the time required for an individual to complete its life cycle. Covered bunches had 98% fewer thrips than non‐covered bunches, and the damage caused by thrips was linearly related to the number of thrips present between the 2nd and 4th week after flowering. Finally, we found that the presence of Alocasia cucullata, Dieffenbachia seguine and Peperomia pellucida is significantly related with a decrease in thrips abundance on banana plants, suggesting the use of these weeds as potential trap plants.
Molecular cloning and functional analysis of the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) homolog GhFT1 from Gossypium hirsutum
Authors: Guo Danli , Li Chao , Dong Rui , Li Xiaobo , Xiao Xiangwen , Huang Xianzhong 
Published: November 2014

AbstractFLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) encodes a member of the phosphatidylethanolamine‐binding protein (PEBP) family that functions as the mobile floral signal, playing an important role in regulating the floral transition in angiosperms. We isolated an FT‐homolog (GhFT1) from Gossypium hirsutum L. cultivar, Xinluzao 33 GhFT1 was predominantly expressed in stamens and sepals, and had a relatively higher expression level during the initiation stage of fiber development. GhFT1 mRNA displayed diurnal oscillations in both long‐day and short‐day condition, suggesting that the expression of this gene may be under the control of the circadian clock. Subcellular analysis revealed that GhFT1 protein located in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Ectopic expression of GhFT1 in transgenic arabidopsis plants resulted in early flowering compared with wild‐type plants. In addition, ectopic expression of GhFT1 in arabidopsis ft‐10 mutants partially rescued the extremely late flowering phenotype. Finally, several flowering related genes functioning downstream of AtFT were highly upregulated in the 35S::GhFT1 transgenic arabidopsis plants. In summary, GhFT1 is an FT‐homologous gene in cotton that regulates flower transition similar to its orthologs in other plant species and thus it may be a candidate target for promoting early maturation in cotton breeding.
Patients' experiences of postoperative intermediate care and standard surgical ward care after emergency abdominal surgery: a qualitative sub‐study of the Incare trial
Authors: Thomsen Thordis , Vester‐Andersen Morten , Nielsen Martin Vedel , Waldau Tina , Møller Ann Merete , Rosenberg Jacob , Møller Morten Hylander , Nystrup Kristin Brønnum , Esbensen Bente Appel 
Published: November 2014

Aims and objectivesTo elicit knowledge of patient experiences of postoperative intermediate care in an intensive care unit and standard postoperative care in a surgical ward after emergency abdominal surgery.BackgroundEmergency abdominal surgery is common, but little is known about how patients experience postoperative care. The patient population is generally older with multiple comorbidities, and the short‐term postoperative mortality rate is 15–20%. Thus, vigilant surgeon and nursing attention is essential. The present study is a qualitative sub‐study of a randomised trial evaluating postoperative intermediate care after emergency abdominal surgery, the InCare trial.DesignA qualitative study with individual semi‐structured interviews.MethodsWe analysed interviews using Systematic Text Condensation.ResultsEighteen patients (nine intervention/nine controls) were strategically sampled from the InCare trial. Data analysis resulted in three distinct descriptions of intermediate care; two of standard surgical ward care. Intermediate care was described as ‘luxury service’ or ‘a life saver.’ The latter description was prevalent among patients with a perceived complicated disease course. Intermediate care patients felt constrained by continuous monitoring of vital signs as they recovered from surgery. Standard surgical ward care was described as either ‘ok – no more, no less’ or ‘suboptimal’. Experiencing suboptimal care was related to patient perceptions of heavy staff workloads, lack of staff availability and subsequent concerns about the quality of care.ConclusionPostoperative intermediate care enhanced perceptions of quality of care, specifically in patients with a perceived complicated disease course. Patients were eager to contribute actively to their recovery; however, intermediate care patients felt hindered in doing so by continuous monitoring of vital signs.Relevance to clinical practiceIntermediate care may increase patient perceptions of quality and safety of care.
Towards a better understanding of readmissions after stroke: partnering with stroke survivors and caregivers
Authors: White Carole L , Brady Tracy L , Saucedo Laura L , Motz Deb , Sharp Johanna , Birnbaum Lee A 
Published: November 2014

Aims and objectivesTo describe the experience of readmission from the perspective of the stroke survivor and family caregiver.BackgroundOlder stroke survivors are at an increased risk for readmission with approximately 40% being readmitted in the first year after stroke. Patients and their families are best positioned to provide information about factors associated with readmission, yet their perspectives have rarely been elicited.DesignDescriptive qualitative study.MethodsThis study included older stroke survivors who were readmitted to acute care from home in the six months following stroke, and their family caregivers. Participants were interviewed by telephone at approximately two weeks after discharge and a sub‐set was also interviewed in person during the readmission. Interviews were audio‐taped and content analysis was used to identify themes.ResultsFrom the 29 semi‐structured interviews conducted with 20 stroke survivors and/or their caregivers, the following themes were identified: preparing to go home after the stroke, what to expect at home, complexity of medication management, support for self‐care in the community and the influence of social factors.ConclusionsThis study provides the critical perspective of the stroke survivor and family caregiver into furthering our understanding of readmissions after stroke. Participants identified several areas for intervention including better discharge preparation and the need for support in the community for medication management and self‐care. The findings suggest that interventions designed to reduce readmissions after stroke should be multifaceted in approach and extend across the continuum of care.Relevance to clinical practiceThe hospital level has been the focus of interventions to reduce preventable readmissions, but the results of this study suggest the importance of community‐level care. The individual nature of each situation must be taken into account, including the postdischarge environment and the availability of social support.
THEORY AND PRACTICE OF GVAR MODELLING
Authors: Chudik Alexander , Pesaran M. Hashem 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe Global Vector Autoregressive (GVAR) approach has proven to be a very useful approach to analyse interactions in the global macroeconomy and other data networks where both the cross‐section and the time dimensions are large. This paper surveys the latest developments in the GVAR modelling, examining both the theoretical foundations of the approach and its numerous empirical applications. We provide a synthesis of existing literature and highlight areas for future research.
Resting heart rate is associated with renal disease outcomes in patients with vascular disease: results of the ONTARGET and TRANSCEND studies
Authors: Böhm M. , Schumacher H. , Schmieder R. E. , Mann J. F. E. , Teo K. , Lonn E. , Sleight P. , Mancia G. , Linz D. , Mahfoud F. , Ukena C. , Sliwa K. , Bakris G. , Yusuf S. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackgroundResting heart rate (RHR) is associated with cardiovascular disease outcomes in high‐risk patients. It is not known whether RHR is predictive of renal outcomes such as albuminuria, end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) or doubling of creatinine. We evaluated whether RHR could predict renal endpoints in patients at a high risk of cardiovascular disease. We also tested the effects of RHR at different levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP).MethodsWe analysed data from 28 757 patients in the ONTARGET and TRANSCEND trials. RHR and SBP were available for a mean of 4.9 ± 0.4 visits (range 3–5) within the first 2 years of the studies. Albuminuria was determined at baseline, at 2 years and at study end.ResultsMean RHR was predictive of incident micro‐albuminuria [hazard ratio (HR) for RHR ≥80 vs. <60 beats min−1 1.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29–1.71, P < 0.0001], incident macro‐albuminuria (HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.39–2.42, P < 0.0001), doubling of creatinine (HR 1.47, 95% CI 1.00–2.17, P = 0.050) and ESRD (HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.00–3.16, P = 0.050), and the combined renal end‐point (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.32–1.74, P < 0.0001). Associations were robust at SBPs from <120 to ≥150 mmHg, with the lowest risk at a SBP of 130–140 mmHg.ConclusionResting heart rate is a potent predictor of these renal outcomes, as well as their combination, in patients with cardiovascular disease. RHR at all SBP levels should be considered as a possible renal disease risk predictor and should be investigated as a treatment target with RHR‐reducing agents.
Applicant attraction to flexible work arrangements: Separating the influence of flextime and flexplace
Authors: Thompson Rebecca J. , Payne Stephanie C. , Taylor Aaron B. 
Published: November 2014

Flexible work arrangements (FWAs) are widely implemented for organizational purposes including recruitment. Theoretically, these arrangements alter temporal and physical boundaries around work. However, the time and place dimensions are frequently confounded in research, making the separate and joint effect of each on various outcomes unclear. To determine the relative importance of FWA dimensions as anticipated resources, this study experimentally manipulates discretion over when (flextime) and where (flexplace) one is expected to work on anticipated organizational support (AOS) and organization attraction. Prospective employees (N = 130) participated in a 3 × 3 within‐subject experiment in which they rated nine hypothetical organizations that varied in flextime and flexplace. Results indicated main effects for both flextime and flexplace on both AOS and organization attraction with flextime having the stronger impact. Although the combination of a high level of both flextime and flexplace yielded the highest ratings of AOS and organization attraction, the interaction between flextime and flexplace was not statistically significant, suggesting flextime and flexplace have independent effects on recruitment outcomes. Relationships between flextime and flexplace and organizational attraction were slightly stronger for individuals who prefer to integrate their work and non‐work roles. Managerial implications and directions for future research are discussed.Practitioner points

Potential applicants rate flextime without a required core time as significantly more supportive and attractive than flextime with core time.

Potential applicants rate flextime with a required core time as significantly more supportive and attractive than no flextime.

Potential applicants rate working from home 2 to 3 days a week as significantly more supportive and attractive than not being able to work from home at all.

The supportiveness and attractiveness of flextime does not depend on the supportiveness or attractiveness of flexplace or vice versa.
Melatonin promotes hepatic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells: clinical implications for the prevention of liver fibrosis
Authors: Cho Young‐Ah , Noh Kwantae , Jue Seong‐Suk , Lee So‐Youn , Kim Eun‐Cheol 
Published: November 2014

AbstractMelatonin's effect on hepatic differentiation of stem cells remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the action of melatonin on hepatic differentiation as well as its related signaling pathways of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and to examine the therapeutic effects of a combination of melatonin and hDPSC transplantation on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐induced liver fibrosis in mice. In vitro hepatic differentiation was assessed by periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS) staining and mRNA expression for hepatocyte markers. Liver fibrosis model was established by injecting 0.5 mL/kg CCl4 followed by treatment with melatonin (5 mg/kg, twice a week) and hDPSCs. In vivo therapeutic effects were evaluated by histopathology and by means of liver function tests including measurement of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and ammonia levels. Melatonin promoted hepatic differentiation based on mRNA expression of differentiation markers and PAS‐stained glycogen‐laden cells. In addition, melatonin increased bone morphogenic protein (BMP)‐2 expression and Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation, which was blocked by the BMP antagonist noggin. Furthermore, melatonin activated p38, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK), and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) in hDPSCs. Melatonin‐induced hepatic differentiation was attenuated by inhibitors of BMP, p38, ERK, and NF‐κB. Compared to treatment of CCl4‐injured mice with either melatonin or hDPSC transplantation alone, the combination of melatonin and hDPSC significantly suppressed liver fibrosis and restored ALT, AST, and ammonia levels. For the first time, this study demonstrates that melatonin promotes hepatic differentiation of hDPSCs by modulating the BMP, p38, ERK, and NF‐κB pathway. Combined treatment of grafted hDPSCs and melatonin could be a viable approach for the treatment of liver cirrhosis.
Quality of life among untreated sleep apnea patients compared with the general population and changes after treatment with positive airway pressure
Authors: Bjornsdottir Erla , Keenan Brendan T. , Eysteinsdottir Bjorg , Arnardottir Erna Sif , Janson Christer , Gislason Thorarinn , Sigurdsson Jon Fridrik , Kuna Samuel T. , Pack Allan I. , Benediktsdottir Bryndis 
Published: November 2014

SummaryObstructive sleep apnea leads to recurrent arousals from sleep, oxygen desaturations, daytime sleepiness and fatigue. This can have an adverse impact on quality of life. The aims of this study were to compare: (i) quality of life between the general population and untreated patients with obstructive sleep apnea; and (ii) changes of quality of life among patients with obstructive sleep apnea after 2 years of positive airway pressure treatment between adherent patients and non‐users. Propensity score methodologies were used in order to minimize selection bias and strengthen causal inferences. The enrolled obstructive sleep apnea subjects (n = 822) were newly diagnosed with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea who were starting positive airway pressure treatment, and the general population subjects (n = 742) were randomly selected Icelanders. The Short Form 12 was used to measure quality of life. Untreated patients with obstructive sleep apnea had a worse quality of life when compared with the general population. This effect remained significant after using propensity scores to select samples, balanced with regard to age, body mass index, gender, smoking, diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. We did not find significant overall differences between full and non‐users of positive airway pressure in improvement of quality of life from baseline to follow‐up. However, there was a trend towards more improvement in physical quality of life for positive airway pressure‐adherent patients, and the most obese subjects improved their physical quality of life more. The results suggest that co‐morbidities of obstructive sleep apnea, such as obesity, insomnia and daytime sleepiness, have a great effect on life qualities and need to be taken into account and addressed with additional interventions.
Pharmacokinetics of oral amantadine in greyhound dogs
Authors: Norkus C. , Rankin D. , Warner M. , KuKanich B. 
Published: November 2014

This study reports the pharmacokinetics of amantadine in greyhound dogs after oral administration. Five healthy greyhound dogs were used. A single oral dose of 100 mg amantadine hydrochloride (mean dose 2.8 mg/kg as amantadine hydrochloride) was administered to nonfasted subjects. Blood samples were collected at predetermined time points from 0 to 24 h after administration, and plasma concentrations of amantadine were measured by liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analyses were performed. Amantadine was well tolerated in all dogs with no adverse effects observed. The mean (range) amantadine CMAX was 275 ng/mL (225–351 ng/mL) at 2.6 h (1–4 h) with a terminal half‐life of 4.96 h (4.11–6.59 h). The results of this study can be used to design dosages to assess multidose pharmacokinetics and dosages designed to achieve targeted concentrations in order to assess the clinical effects of amantadine in a variety of conditions including chronic pain. Further studies should also assess the pharmacokinetics of amantadine in other dog breeds or using population pharmacokinetics studies including multiple dog breeds to assess potential breed‐specific differences in the pharmacokinetics of amantadine in dogs.
What Kind of Data is it? Situating Sociolinguistic Corpora in Context
Authors: Tagliamonte Sali A. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn this paper, I discuss how sociolinguistic corpora can be compiled so as to document and maximize access to the context of its collection. This is no doubt a murky issue for the coding and categorization enterprise, but it is as critical as demographic information if we are going to be able to compare data sets from different communities, eras, or across research projects. However, how far does the researcher go in documenting this type of information? My goal will be to outline what I have found to be ‘best practice’ in my own research while at the same time highlighting issues and problems I have encountered along the way. I build on the foundations of earlier corpus‐building projects and on data arising from my own fieldwork conducted in the UK and Canada between 1995–2011.