bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FcWRKY70, a WRKY protein of Fortunella crassifolia, functions in drought tolerance and modulates putrescine synthesis by regulating arginine decarboxylase gene
Authors: Gong Xiaoqing , Zhang Jingyan , Hu Jianbing , Wang Wei , Wu Hao , Zhang Qinghua , Liu Ji‐Hong 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWRKY comprises a large family of transcription factors in plants, but most WRKY members are still poorly understood. In this study, we report functional characterization of a Group III WRKY gene (FcWRKY70) from Fortunella crassifolia. FcWRKY70 was greatly induced by drought and abscisic acid, but slightly or negligibly by salt and cold. Overexpression of FcWRKY70 in tobacco (Nicotiana nudicaulis) and lemon (Citrus lemon) conferred enhanced tolerance to dehydration and drought stresses. Transgenic tobacco and lemon exhibited higher expression levels of ADC (arginine decarboxylase), and accumulated larger amount of putrescine in comparison with wild type (WT). Treatment with D‐arginine, an inhibitor of ADC, caused transgenic tobacco plants more sensitive to dehydration. Knock‐down of FcWRKY70 in kumquat down‐regulated ADC abundance and decreased putrescine level, accompanied by compromised dehydration tolerance. The promoter region of FcADC contained two W‐box elements, which were shown to be interacted with FcWRKY70. Taken together, our data demonstrated that FcWRKY70 functions in drought tolerance by, at least partly, promoting production of putrescine via regulating ADC expression.
Separating water‐potential induced swelling and shrinking from measured radial stem variations reveals a cambial growth and osmotic concentration signal
Authors: Chan Tommy , Hölttä Teemu , Berninger Frank , Mäkinen Harri , Nöjd Pekka , Mencuccini Maurizio , Nikinmaa Eero 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe quantification of cambial growth over short time periods has been hampered by problems to discern between growth and the swelling and shrinking of a tree stem. This paper presents a model, which separates cambial growth and reversible water‐potential induced diurnal changes from simultaneously measured whole stem and xylem radial variations, from field‐measured Scots pine trees in Finland. The modelled growth, which includes osmotic concentration changes, was compared with (direct) dendrometer measurements and microcore samples. In addition, the relationship of modelled growth and dendrometer measurements to environmental factors was analysed. The results showed that the water‐potential induced changes of tree radius were successfully separated from stem growth. Daily growth predicted by the model exhibited a high correlation with the modelled daily changes of osmotic concentration in phloem, and a temperature dependency in early summer. Late‐summer growth saw higher dependency on water availability and temperature. Evaluation of the model against dendrometer measurements showed that the latter masked a true environmental signal in stem growth due to water‐potential induced changes. The model provides better understanding of radial growth physiology and offers potential to examine growth dynamics and changes due to osmotic concentration, and how the environment affects growth.
Association among number, order and type of siblings and adolescent mental health at age 12
Authors: Liu Jufen , Sekine Michikazu , Tatsuse Takashi , Fujimura Yuko , Hamanishi Shimako , Zheng Xiaoying 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the sibling relationship is a unique one, the effects of the number and type of siblings on mental health among adolescents have not been reported.MethodsJapanese children (total, 9276; boys, 4654; girls, 4622), all 12 years old, and from the Japanese Toyama Birth Cohort Study, were followed up until 2002. Subject self‐reported mental health was obtained from the Japanese version of the Dartmouth Primary Care Co‐operative Project (COOP) charts. The associations between number and type of siblings and self‐reported mental health were examined.ResultsThere was a significant difference in mental health between different sibling pairs, with brother pairs and brother/sister pairs having a positive effect on adolescent mental health, compared with those in sister pairs. Girls with brothers had better self‐reported mental health than those without. The adjusted OR of good mental health was 1.44 (95%CI:1.00–2.08) for those with an older brother and 1.67 (95%CI: 1.17–2.38) for those with a younger brother compared with those without. Boys with a younger sister had a higher OR of good self‐reported health than those without (OR, 1.62; 95%CI: 1.08–2.43).ConclusionsChildren with siblings had better mental health status than those without, which has practical implications for Asian countries and worldwide considering the declining fertility.
Plasma H2S predicts coronary artery lesions in children with Kawasaki disease
Authors: Sun Yan , Yuan Yue , Yan Hui , Wan Hong , Li Xueying , Chen Siyao , Li Hongxia , Tang Chaoshu , Du Junbao , Liu Guiying , Jin Hongfang 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine whether plasma hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a biomarker for predicting coronary artery lesions (CAL) in children with Kawasaki disease (KD).MethodsA prospective study was conducted on 50 KD patients and 27 healthy children. Plasma H2S was analyzed at the acute stage. Plasma H2S was detected using the sensitive electrode method, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was carried out.ResultsPlasma H2S in KD patients at the acute stage was significantly lower than that of controls. CAL patients had reduced plasma H2S at acute stage compared with the non‐CAL patients. A plasma H2S cut‐off of 31.2 µmol/L provided a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 62.5% for predicting coronary injuries in KD. Optimal specificity and sensitivity were obtained when using plasma H2S to predict CAL in KD children.ConclusionPlasma H2S level in the acute period is a potentially useful biomarker for predicting CAL in KD children.
Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and type 1 diabetes mellitus in a Korean population
Authors: Cheon Chong‐Kun , Nam Hyo‐Kyoung , Lee Kee‐Hyoung , Kim Su Yung , Song Ji Sun , Kim Choongrak 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundVitamin D receptor (VDR) has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). There has been no case–control study examining the association between VDR polymorphisms and T1DM among Korean subjects with a low incidence of T1DM.MethodsEighty‐one T1DM patients and 113 unrelated healthy controls with no history of DM or other autoimmune diseases were investigated at either Pusan National University Children's Hospital or Korea University Anam Hospital between March 2009 and September 2013. Polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism was utilized to genotype single nucleotide substitutions at TaqI, BsmI, and ApaI alleles.ResultsAll frequencies in T1DM and control subjects were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, although ApaI in controls and TaqI in T1DM showed relatively weak equilibrium. TaqI and BsmI differences were significant (P = 0.045 and P = 0.012, respectively) after applying Bonferroni correction. The TT genotype carrier frequency among controls was higher than among the T1DM patients (P = 0.015; OR, 2.98; 95%CI: 1.19–7.42). T allele frequency was higher among controls than T1DM patients (P = 0.019; OR, 2.78; 95%CI: 1.15–6.72). The frequency of bb genotype carriers among controls was higher than among T1DM patients (P = 0.004; OR, 4.13; 95%CI: 1.4–12.10). The frequency of the b allele among controls was higher than that among T1DM patients (P = 0.016; OR, 3.20; 95%CI: 1.19–8.60).ConclusionsT and b TaqI and BsmI alleles are protective against T1DM in Korean subjects.
“I know you're kidding”: Relationship closeness enhances positive perceptions of teasing
Authors: GORMAN GLEN , JORDAN CHRISTIAN H. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractFeeling close in a relationship may enhance perceptions of teasing within that relationship. In Study 1, participants recalled instances of teasing—as both teaser and target—in close and nonclose relationships. Participants perceived teases in close relationships more positively and better intentioned than those in nonclose relationships, as both teaser and target. The discrepancy between teasers and targets in perceptions of intent was also reduced by felt closeness. In Study 2, interaction partner closeness was manipulated and a tease was staged. Teases delivered by a close (vs. nonclose) partner were perceived as more positive and better intentioned. Each study has limitations but their methods complement each other. Together they provide convergent evidence that relationship closeness increases positive perceptions of teasing.
The incidence of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell recipients post‐first and post‐second hematopoietic stem cell transplant
Authors: Ahmed Ibrahim , Teruya Jun , Murray‐Krezan Cristina , Krance Robert 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe reported incidence of post‐allogeneic HSCT AIHA was between 4.4% and 6% following a single transplant. Cord blood transplantation, T‐cell depletion, and chronic GvHD are significantly associated with post‐transplant AIHA. During an 11‐yr period, data for 500 pediatric HSCT recipients were eligible for evaluation of the incidence of AIHA post‐first and post‐second transplants. Demographic, transplant, and post‐transplant‐related variables were analyzed. Twelve of 500 (2.4%) recipients at a median of 273 days and seven of 72 (9.7%) recipients at a median of 157 days developed AIHA post‐first and post‐second HSCT, respectively. Post‐first HSCT, none of the MRD recipients developed AIHA (0/175 MRD vs. 12/325 other donors, p = 0.04). Four of 12 required a second HSCT to control the AIHA. After the second HSCT, MUD was significantly associated with the development of AIHA. No other variables were associated with the post‐second transplant AIHA. The incidence of AIHA post‐first and post‐second HSCT was less than the reported. The increased incidence of AIHA among recipients of second HSCT is most likely due to the profound immune dysregulation. A much larger, prospective study would be needed to evaluate the incidence, complications, and management of post‐transplant AIHA.
Weight Reduction Goal Achievement with High‐Intensity MOVE!® Treatment
Authors: Garvin Jane T. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine the effect of high‐intensity treatment with the behavioral weight reduction program, MOVE!®, available at Veterans Administration Medical Centers, on achieving at least a 5% weight reduction 6 months after enrolling in the program. MOVE!® is free to veterans but little is known about the recommended number of sessions.Design and SampleUsing longitudinal clinical data from electronic health records of 216 MOVE!® program participants, weight reduction was examined in this secondary data analysis.MeasuresBased on the 2013 guidelines for overweight and obesity management, weights were evaluated at baseline and 6 months following enrollment in the program, and high‐intensity MOVE!® was determined by attending 14 or more sessions within the first 6 months following enrollment.ResultsHigh‐intensity MOVE!® participants were five times as likely to achieve at least the 5% weight reduction goal at 6 months compared to those participants with low intensity, while controlling for age, gender, and race (OR = 4.74; CI: 1.3, 17.2; p < .02).ConclusionThis research supports the 2013 recommendations for high‐intensity lifestyle intervention as participants who completed 14 or more sessions were almost five times more likely to achieve a 5% weight reduction.
The potential long‐term effect of previous schistosome infection reduces the risk of metabolic syndrome among Chinese men
Authors: Shen S.‐W. , Lu Y. , Li F. , Shen Z.‐H. , Xu M. , Yao W.‐F. , Feng Y.‐B. , Yun J.‐T. , Wang Y.‐P. , Ling W. , Qi H.‐J. , Tong D.‐X. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryThe association between potential long‐term effects of previous schistosome infection (PSI) and the development of metabolic syndrome remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association between them. Participants were from regions which were all reportedly heavily endemic for S. japonicum in China 40 years ago. One thousand five hundred and ninety‐seven men were enrolled. Among these, 465 patients with PSI were selected as study subjects and 1132 subjects served as controls. We found PSI significantly correlated with lower prevalences of metabolic syndrome and its components, including central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and low high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, which indicates that the potential long‐term effects of PSI may reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome. However, further studies are needed to investigate the protective immune effects of PSI.
Early Pregnancy Maternal Vitamin D Concentrations and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Arnold Dodie L. , Enquobahrie Daniel A. , Qiu Chungfang , Huang Jonathan , Grote Nancy , VanderStoep Ann , Williams Michelle A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundWhile associations of vitamin D deficiency with type 2 diabetes have been well demonstrated, investigations of vitamin D and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) reported inconsistent findings. We examined associations of vitamin D status with GDM.MethodsIn a nested case‐cohort study (135 GDM cases and 517 non‐GDM controls), we measured maternal serum vitamin D status (total 25[OH]D and 25[OH]D3) in early pregnancy (16 weeks on average) using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectroscopy. GDM was diagnosed according to the American Diabetes Association guidelines. We calculated adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using logistic regression models.ResultsGDM cases had lower mean total 25[OH]D (27.3 vs. 29.3 ng/mL) and 25[OH]D3 (23.9 vs. 26.7 ng/mL) concentrations compared with women who did not develop GDM (both P‐values < 0.05). Overall, 25[OH]D3 concentrations, but not total 25[OH]D concentrations, were significantly associated with GDM risk. A 5‐ng/mL increase in 25[OH]D3 concentration was associated with a 14% decrease in GDM risk (P‐value = 0.02). Women in the lowest quartile for 25[OH]D3 concentration had a twofold [95% CI 1.15, 3.58] higher risk of GDM compared with women in the highest quartile (P‐value for trend < 0.05).ConclusionsEarly pregnancy vitamin D status, particularly 25[OH]D3, is inversely associated with GDM risk.
Exploring Educational Disparities in Risk of Preterm Delivery: A Comparative Study of 12 European Birth Cohorts
Authors: Poulsen Gry , Strandberg‐Larsen Katrine , Mortensen Laust , Barros Henrique , Cordier Sylvaine , Correia Sofia , Danileviciute Asta , van Eijsden Manon , Fernández‐Somoano Ana , Gehring Ulrike , Grazuleviciene Regina , Hafkamp‐de Groen Esther , Henriksen Tine Brink , Jensen Morten Søndergaard , Larrañaga Isabel , Magnus Per , Pickett Kate , Raat Hein , Richiardi Lorenzo , Rouget Florence , Rusconi Franca , Stoltenberg Camilla , Uphoff Eleonora P. , Vrijkotte Tanja G. M. , Wijga Alet H. , Vrijheid Martine , Osler Merete , Andersen Anne‐Marie Nybo 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundAn association between education and preterm delivery has been observed in populations across Europe, but differences in methodology limit comparability. We performed a direct cross‐cohort comparison of educational disparities in preterm delivery based on individual‐level birth cohort data.MethodsThe study included data from 12 European cohorts from Denmark, England, France, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Norway, Italy, Portugal, and Spain. The cohorts included between 2434 and 99 655 pregnancies. The association between maternal education and preterm delivery (22–36 completed weeks of gestation) was reported as risk ratios, risk differences, and slope indexes of inequality with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsSingleton preterm live delivery proportion varied between 3.7% and 7.5%. There were large variations between the cohorts in the distribution of education and maternal characteristics. Nevertheless, there were similar educational differences in risk of preterm delivery in 8 of the 12 cohorts with slope index of inequality varying between 2.2 [95% CI 1.1, 3.3] and 4.0 [95% CI 1.4, 6.6] excess preterm deliveries per 100 singleton deliveries among the educationally most disadvantaged, and risk ratio between the lowest and highest education category varying from 1.4 [95% CI 1.1, 1.8] to 1.9 [95% CI 1.2, 3.1]. No associations were found in the last four cohorts.ConclusionsEducational disparities in preterm delivery were found all over Europe. Despite differences in the distributions of education and preterm delivery, the results were remarkably similar across the cohorts. For those few cohorts that did not follow the pattern, study and country characteristics did not explain the differences.
Real‐time supervised detection of pink areas in dermoscopic images of melanoma: importance of color shades, texture and location
Authors: Kaur R. , Albano P. P. , Cole J. G. , Hagerty J. , LeAnder R. W. , Moss R. H. , Stoecker W. V. 
Published: March 2015

Background/PurposeEarly detection of malignant melanoma is an important public health challenge. In the USA, dermatologists are seeing more melanomas at an early stage, before classic melanoma features have become apparent. Pink color is a feature of these early melanomas. If rapid and accurate automatic detection of pink color in these melanomas could be accomplished, there could be significant public health benefits.MethodsDetection of three shades of pink (light pink, dark pink, and orange pink) was accomplished using color analysis techniques in five color planes (red, green, blue, hue, and saturation). Color shade analysis was performed using a logistic regression model trained with an image set of 60 dermoscopic images of melanoma that contained pink areas. Detected pink shade areas were further analyzed with regard to the location within the lesion, average color parameters over the detected areas, and histogram texture features.ResultsLogistic regression analysis of a separate set of 128 melanomas and 128 benign images resulted in up to 87.9% accuracy in discriminating melanoma from benign lesions measured using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The accuracy in this model decreased when parameters for individual shades, texture, or shade location within the lesion were omitted.ConclusionTexture, color, and lesion location analysis applied to multiple shades of pink can assist in melanoma detection. When any of these three details: color location, shade analysis, or texture analysis were omitted from the model, accuracy in separating melanoma from benign lesions was lowered. Separation of colors into shades and further details that enhance the characterization of these color shades are needed for optimal discrimination of melanoma from benign lesions.
Perspective Measurement of the Out‐of‐plane Displacement and Normal Strain Field Distributions Inside Glass Fibre‐reinforced Resin Matrix Composite
Authors: Liu Y. , Dong B. , Bai Y. , Xu J. , Zhang Y. , Ye S. , Zhou Y. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA depth‐resolved wavenumber‐scanning interferometer (DRWSI) was built up to measure the out‐of‐plane displacement and normal strain field distributions on the front surface, rear surface and internal glass fibres of a glass fibre‐reinforced resin matrix composite before and after loading. Series of the fringe patterns were recorded, while the wavenumber of the laser, monitored online by an optical wedge, was scanned by tuning the temperature. Random sampling Fourier transform is used to overcome the non‐linearity of the wavenumber series. In the end, the distributions of the out‐of‐plane displacements and normal strain field are presented as the applied loads were 10 µm, 20 µm and 30 µm, respectively. In conclusion, DRWSI is a suitable method to measure the mechanical properties inside resin composite non‐destructively.
Penicillium marneffei infection in a lung transplant recipient
Authors: Stathakis A. , Lim K.P. , Boan P. , Lavender M. , Wrobel J. , Musk M. , Heath C.H. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPenicillium marneffei is a thermally dimorphic fungus that can cause severe opportunistic infections in endemic regions of Southeast Asia, particularly in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus‐1, but has rarely been reported in solid organ transplant recipients. Herein, we report the first case, to our knowledge, of P. marneffei infection in a lung transplant recipient, occurring in a 41‐year‐old woman 28 months post lung transplantation, after recent travel to Vietnam. We have reviewed the literature to derive some management principles for this rare infection in this clinical context. The number of P. marneffei infections in transplant recipients may increase, as a result of increasing rates of transplantation and travel to endemic areas.
Point‐of‐care ultrasound education for non‐physician clinicians in a resource‐limited emergency department
Authors: Stolz Lori A. , Muruganandan Krithika M. , Bisanzo Mark C. , Sebikali Mugisha J. , Dreifuss Bradley A. , Hammerstedt Heather S. , Nelson Sara W. , Nayabale Irene , Adhikari Srikar , Shah Sachita P. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the outcomes and curriculum components of an educational programme to train non‐physician clinicians working in a rural, Ugandan emergency department in the use of POC ultrasound.MethodsThe use of point‐of‐care ultrasound was taught to emergency care providers through lectures, bedsides teaching and hands‐on practical sessions. Lectures were tailored to care providers' knowledge base and available therapeutic means. Every ultrasound examination performed by these providers was recorded over 4.5 years. Findings of these examinations were categorised as positive, negative, indeterminate or procedural. Other radiologic studies ordered over this same time period were also recorded.ResultsA total of 22 639 patients were evaluated in the emergency department by emergency care providers, and 2185 point‐of‐care ultrasound examinations were performed on 1886 patients. Most commonly used were the focused assessment with sonography in trauma examination (53.3%) and echocardiography (16.4%). Point‐of‐care ultrasound studies were performed more frequently than radiology department‐performed studies. Positive findings were documented in 46% of all examinations.ConclusionsWe describe a novel curriculum for point‐of‐care ultrasound education of non‐physician emergency practitioners in a resource‐limited setting. These non‐physician clinicians integrated ultrasound into clinical practice and utilised this imaging modality more frequently than traditional radiology department imaging with a large proportion of positive findings.