bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Qualitative Study Exploring the Usability of Nintendo Wii Fit among Persons with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Plow Matthew , Finlayson Marcia 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the usability of Nintendo Wii Fit to promote physical activity in adults with multiple sclerosis. Qualitative interviews were conducted as part of a pilot study that examined the health outcomes of a 14‐week Wii Fit home‐exercise programme in 30 adults with multiple sclerosis. We found participants reported that Wii Fit helped build confidence in abilities, achieve goals related to engagement in leisure activities and remove barriers associated with going to a gym to exercise. However, Wii Fit induced initial reactions of intimidation and worries about falling, and feedback during game play reminded participants of their impairments. Wii Fit was limited in its customizability to accommodate different functional levels. Understanding how to improve the usability and customizability of commercially available exergaming technology could be of benefit to people with disabling conditions. Before conducting randomized controlled trials of commercially available exergaming technology in adults with disabling conditions, we recommend that strategies be identified to remove usability barriers so those with moderate impairments can be included in the trial. This will reduce the likelihood of ceiling effects and clinical irrelevance. In terms of clinical recommendations, rehabilitation professionals need to consider patients' functional level, surrounding environment and preferences when prescribing a Wii Fit‐based exercise programme. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Establishing Reliability and Validity for “Make My Day” – A New Tool for Assessing Young Arab‐Israeli Children's Typical Daily Activities
Authors: Ricon Tsameret , Hen Liat , Keadan‐Hardan Aram 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThere is a paucity of literature regarding the daily routines of young children (4–7 years) and their perception of their performance. Research indicates that children's involvement in treatment therapy improves their self‐consciousness, which contributes in return to the therapy's progress. Until recently, occupational therapists set goals for children by involving their parents in the planning. However, recent studies indicate that children are aware of their performance and can provide reliable data, given an evaluation that is adapted to their stage of development. “Make My Day” (MMD) is a new evaluation developed for young children, which provides information regarding the child's performance with respect to their daily activities. The MMD incorporates two versions – one for the children's self‐report and the other for the parent's report. Participants included 62 healthy 4‐ to 7‐year‐old children of Arab‐Israeli decent and their parents. They were assessed using the MMD, Perceived Efficacy and Goal Setting (PEGS), Time Organization and Participation (TOPS) and a socio‐demographic questionnaire. Correlations between the MMD and the TOPS/PEGS were examined regarding the differences between children's and parents' reports of performance in three age groups (concurrent validity). Results demonstrated that children's self‐report of their occupational performance in daily tasks are reliable and valid. Thus, occupational therapists may obtain data from the child himself or herself and not only from the parents. Further research on the MMD is recommended in other clinical populations to increase our knowledge of their daily functioning and of MMD's validity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complete genomic landscape of a recurring sporadic parathyroid carcinoma
Authors: Kasaian Katayoon , Wiseman Sam M , Thiessen Nina , Mungall Karen L , Corbett Richard D , Qian Jenny Q , Nip Ka Ming , He Ann , Tse Kane , Chuah Eric , Varhol Richard J , Pandoh Pawan , McDonald Helen , Zeng Thomas , Tam Angela , Schein Jacquie , Birol Inanc , Mungall Andrew J , Moore Richard A , Zhao Yongjun , Hirst Martin , Marra Marco A , Walker Blair A , Jones Steven JM 
Published: April 2013

AbstractParathyroid carcinoma is a rare endocrine malignancy with an estimated incidence of less than 1 per million population. Excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone, extremely high serum calcium level, and the deleterious effects of hypercalcaemia are the clinical manifestations of the disease. Up to 60% of patients develop multiple disease recurrences and although long‐term survival is possible with palliative surgery, permanent remission is rarely achieved. Molecular drivers of sporadic parathyroid carcinoma have remained largely unknown. Previous studies, mostly based on familial cases of the disease, suggested potential roles for the tumour suppressorMEN1and proto‐oncogeneRETin benign parathyroid tumourigenesis, while the tumour suppressorHRPT2and proto‐oncogeneCCND1may also act as drivers in parathyroid cancer. Here, we report the complete genomic analysis of a sporadic and recurring parathyroid carcinoma. Mutational landscapes of the primary and recurrent tumour specimens were analysed using high‐throughput sequencing technologies. Such molecular profiling allowed for identification of somatic mutations never previously identified in this malignancy. These included single nucleotide point mutations in well‐characterized cancer genes such asmTOR,MLL2,CDKN2C, andPIK3CA. Comparison of acquired mutations in patient‐matched primary and recurrent tumours revealed loss ofPIK3CAactivating mutation during the evolution of the tumour from the primary to the recurrence. Structural variations leading to gene fusions and regions of copy loss and gain were identified at a single‐base resolution. Loss of the short arm of chromosome 1, along with somatic missense and truncating mutations inCDKN2CandTHRAP3, respectively, provides new evidence for the potential role of these genes as tumour suppressors in parathyroid cancer. The key somatic mutations identified in this study can serve as novel diagnostic markers as well as therapeutic targets. Copyright © 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The key role of ultrasound examination in the prenatal diagnosis of epidermolysis bullosa with pyloric atresia
Authors: Maurice Paul , Eyrolle‐Guignot Dominique , Dhombres Ferdinand , Garel Catherine , Gonzales Marie , Muller Françoise , Jouannic Jean‐Marie 
Published: April 2013

What's already known about this topic?

In de novo cases of genodermatoses, direct prenatal ultrasound may lead to a strong suspicion in only very few cases, mainly represented by the most severe form of congenital ichthyosis. For others, including epidermolysis bullosa and disorders of pigmentation, fetal skin lesions are not accessible to prenatal ultrasound examination.What does this study add?

Certain prenatal diagnosis of de novo cases of epidermolysis bullosa is feasible when all biological and clinical patterns are present without the need for histological confirmation.
These cardinal signs are represented by (1) unexplained polyhydramnios with high AFP levels in the amniotic fluid (>20 MoM), (2) the presence of an unusual addition slow band on acetylcholinesterase electrophoresis and (3) the presence of a dilated stomach suggestive of pyloric atresia.
Methylation metabolites in amniotic fluid depend on gestational age
Authors: Imbard Apolline , Blom Henk J. , Schlemmer Dimitri , Barto Rob , Czerkiewicz Isabelle , Rigal Odile , Muller Françoise , Benoist Jean‐François 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveMethylation metabolism is essential for fetus development. However, normative data for amniotic fluid (AF) concentrations of methylation metabolites at different gestational ages are lacking. We aimed to determine in AF reference values of 14 intermediates involved in methylation.MethodsTwo hundred sixty‐eight AFs sampled between 14 and 39 weeks of gestation were retrospectively selected in our AF bank. Next, we measured methionine (Met)‐cycle intermediates [S‐adenosyl Met (AdoMet), S‐adenosyl‐l‐homocysteine (AdoHcy), total Hcy, Met, and methyl malonic acid] and methyl donors and methyl acceptors (betaine, dimethylglycine, sarcosine, free and total choline, free and total ethanolamine, creatine, and guanidinoacetate) by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsReference ranges according to gestational age were determined for each parameter. Strong correlations between metabolites directly connected in their metabolic pathway and between total Hcy and betaine were observed.ConclusionMethionine, an essential amino acid required for protein synthesis, is the only parameter that dramatically decreases with gestational age. The AdoMet/AdoHcy ratio exponentially increases from 25 weeks of gestation, which could reflect increasing methylation capacities. The negative correlation between betaine and total Hcy together with a constant betaine to dimethylglycine ratio during gestation suggests that betaine may be used as a methyl donor during fetal life. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Best ethical practices for clinicians and laboratories in the provision of noninvasive prenatal testing
Authors: Allyse M. A. , Sayres L. C. , Havard M. , King J. S. , Greely H. T. , Hudgins L. , Taylor J. , Norton M. E. , Cho M. K. , Magnus D. , Ormond K. E. 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe goal of this study is to provide an ethical framework for clinicians and companies providing noninvasive prenatal testing using cell‐free fetal DNA or whole fetal cells.MethodIn collaboration with a National Institutes of Health‐supported research ethics consultation committee together with feedback from an interdisciplinary group of clinicians, members of industry, legal experts, and genetic counselors, we developed a set of best practices for the provision of noninvasive prenatal genetic testing.ResultsPrincipal recommendations include the amendment of current informed consent procedures to include attention to the noninvasive nature of new testing and the potential for a broader range of results earlier in the pregnancy. We strongly recommend that tests should only be provided through licensed medical providers and not directly to consumers.ConclusionPrenatal tests, including new methods using cell‐free fetal DNA, are not currently regulated by government agencies, and limited professional guidance is available. In the absence of regulation, companies and clinicians should cooperate to adopt responsible best ethical practices in the provision of these tests. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influences of silicon nanowire morphology on its electro‐optical properties and applications for hybrid solar cells
Authors: Syu Hong‐Jhang , Shiu Shu‐Chia , Hung Yung‐Jr , Hsueh Chen‐Chih , Lin Tzu‐Ching , Subramani Thiyagu , Lee San‐Liang , Lin Ching‐Fuh 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we investigate the morphology, optical, and electrical properties of silicon nanowire (SiNW) arrays and their applications on inorganic/organic hybrid solar cells. The SiNW arrays are obtained by two kinds of metal‐assisted chemical etching (MacEtch) processes. One is depositing assisted metal, for example, Ag, by an electron gun evaporator before etching (BE). The other is depositing assisted Ag during the etching (DE) process. The results reveal that BE method MacEtch can produce more uniform and denser SiNW arrays, but the coverage of organic materials to SiNWs is less. In terms of optical properties, the BE method SiNW arrays have higher reflectance than the DE method ones, except the wire length less than 1 µm in the wavelength range less than 500 nm. Regarding the electrical property, the minority‐carrier lifetime is higher for the DE method SiNW arrays because of less surface area of SiNWs. Therefore, the best cell performance happens on the DE method SiNW/organic hybrid solar cell with wire length less than 1 µm. The short‐circuit current density (Jsc) is 28.55 mA/cm2, open‐circuit voltage (Voc) is 0.524 V, and power conversion efficiency (PCE) is 9.56%. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrical properties of CIGS/Mo junctions as a function of MoSe2 orientation and Na doping
Authors: Yoon Ju‐Heon , Kim Jun‐Ho , Kim Won Mok , Park Jong‐Keuk , Baik Young‐Joon , Seong Tae‐Yeon , Jeong Jeung‐hyun 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTThe electrical properties of Cu(In,Ga)Se2/Mo junctions were characterized with respect of MoSe2 orientation and Na doping level using an inverse transmission line method, in which the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS)/Mo contact resistance could be measured separately from the CIGS film sheet resistance. The MoSe2 orientation was controlled by varying the Mo surface density, with the c‐axis parallel and normal orientations favored on Mo surfaces of lower and higher density, respectively. The effect of Na doping was compared by using samples with and without a SiOx film on sodalime glass. The conversion of the MoSe2 orientation from c‐axis normal to parallel produced a twofold reduction in CIGS/Mo contact resistance. Measurements of the contact resistances as a function of temperature showed that the difference in CIGS/Mo contact resistance between the samples with different MoSe2 orientations was due to different barrier heights at the back contact. Comparison between Na‐doped and Na‐reduced samples revealed that the contact resistance for the Na‐reduced system was four times of that of the doped sample, which showed more pronounced Schottky‐junction behavior at lower temperature, indicating that Na doping effectively reduced the barrier height at the back contact. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impedance spectroscopy: A tool for real‐time in situ monitoring of the degradation of biopolymers
Authors: Schusser Sebastian , Leinhos Marcel , Bäcker Matthias , Poghossian Arshak , Wagner Patrick , Schöning Michael J. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractInvestigation of the degradation kinetics of biodegradable polymers is essential for the development of implantable biomedical devices with predicted biodegradability. In this work, an impedimetric sensor has been applied for real‐time and in situ monitoring of degradation processes of biopolymers. The sensor consists of two platinum thin‐film electrodes covered by a polymer film to be studied. The benchmark biomedical polymer poly(D,L‐lactic acid) (PDLLA) was used as a model system. PDLLA films were deposited on the sensor structure from a polymer solution by using the spin‐coating method. The degradation kinetics of PDLLA films have been studied in alkaline solutions of pH 9 and 12 by means of an impedance spectroscopy (IS) method. Any changes in a polymer capacitance/resistance induced by water uptake and/or polymer degradation will modulate the global impedance of the polymer‐covered sensor that can be used as an indicator of the polymer degradation. The degradation rate can be evaluated from the time‐dependent impedance spectra. As expected, a faster degradation has been observed for PDLLA films exposed to pH 12 solution.
Structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of the period vacancy in zigzag GaN nanoribbons
Authors: Chen Guo‐Xiang , Wang Dou‐Dou , Zhang Jian‐Min , Xu Ke‐Wei 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWe have performed the first‐principles calculations on the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of zigzag GaN nanoribbon (ZGaNNR) with period vacancy located at different sites across the ribbon width. The results show that, the formation of the N‐vacancy is easier than that of the Ga‐vacancy at each equivalent geometrical site and both of them are endothermic. An inward relaxation of the three nearest Ga atoms around a N‐vacancy occurs, while for the three nearest‐neighbor N atoms around the Ga‐vacancy, an outward relaxation occurs. Except for a typical nonedge N‐vacancy, the N‐, or Ga‐vacancies at other sites induce magnetic moment and spin polarization implying such vacancy‐defective ZGaNNRs can be useful in spintronics and nanomagnets. The magnetic moment of the N‐vacancy is dependent on defect sites, while for the Ga‐vacancy, it is less dependent on the defect sites. The net magnetic moment of the vacancy defective 8‐ZGaNNR is mainly contributed by the atoms around a vacancy.
Photoconductivity as loss mechanism in organic solar cells
Authors: Tress Wolfgang , Leo Karl , Riede Moritz 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWe observe that the reverse current under illumination in solar cells containing C60 and ZnPc is dominated by a photoshunt. This shunt, not present in the dark, causes a linear current–voltage relation under illumination showing no saturation. Although observable in bulk heterojunctions, this effect is more pronounced in the presence of a pristine C60 layer. An internal quantum efficiency larger than unity under an applied negative voltage and in the spectral range where C60 absorbs identifies charges which are injected in addition to those photogenerated. The photoshunt is also present in the power‐generating region and represents a loss mechanism limiting the fill factor in particular for flat heterojunction devices. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Tellurium delta‐doped InGaP layers grown by metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy
Authors: Kúdela Róbert , Šoltýs Ján , Vincze Andrej , Novák Jozef 
Published: April 2013

AbstractHeavily n‐type doped and several nanometres thick In0.485Ga0.515P layers are necessary for various devices. We studied the delta‐doping of this ternary with tellurium; the layers were grown by metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy (MOVPE), and diethyltelluride was used as the precursor. A maximum Hall sheet concentration of 2.75 × 1013 cm–2 was achieved in our samples grown at 560 °C. The Te profiles were analyzed with secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), and a very narrow spectrum with a full width at half maximum of 7.5 nm was measured. This value indicates that the memory effect, referred to in the literature, was practically eliminated with appropriate growth conditions. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Social Capital and the Future of Disaster Recovery Research
Authors: Kage Rieko 
Published: April 2013

AbstractDaniel P. Aldrich's Building Resilience: Social Capital in Post‐Disaster Recovery (University of Chicago Press, 2012) is a major addition to the study of how societies recover in the wake of natural disasters. In this book, Aldrich challenges conventional claims that successful reconstruction from natural disasters is about the quality of governance, sufficient funding, extent of physical damage, or levels of human capital. Instead, he points to social capital as a crucial determinant of a society's post‐disaster recovery over the medium to longer term. The book also raises important issues as to how we might think about the independence of observations in the wake of disaster, the concepts of bridging and social capital, how to fruitfully integrate societal‐based accounts of post‐disaster with state‐based accounts, and about moving toward more systematic comparisons not only within but also across different disasters.
Comparison between XRF, TXRF, and PXRF analyses for provenance classification of archaeological bricks
Authors: Bonizzoni Letizia , Galli Anna , Gondola Marco , Martini Marco 
Published: April 2013

Ceramics provenance studies based on minor and trace elements are widely used to help in gathering knowledge of local furnace presence and commercial trades. Most of the times, destructive analyses are allowed because of the high amount of material, but sometimes (integer vessels, architectural decorations, etc.), a nondestructive examination is required. In both cases, X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis can be a useful tool.In this work, we compare the classification results obtained on a set of bricks from the medieval Chartusian monastery Certosa di Pavia in the Po valley, northern Italy, exploiting XRF, portable XRF, and total reflection XRF (TXRF) spectrometers.The XRF nondestructive analyses were performed both in situ before sampling and in the laboratory without preparing the shards. Grounded samples were instead used to obtain semi‐quantitative TXRF analysis without dissolving the samples but using a suspension in high‐purified water. The project aimed at verifying if a correct classification was possible even if a quantitative determination of minor and trace elements is abandoned, allowing a faster response when a large amount of data is concerned. For this reason, weight concentration was determined from laboratory XRF measurements only, whereas semi‐quantitative results and entire spectra were considered for TXRF and the in situ campaign, respectively. Data were then submitted to different statistical data treatments to obtain provenance classification. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improvement of PLS regression‐based XRF spectroscopy quantification using multiple step procedure and Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Rakotondrajoa A. , Buzanich G. , Radtke M. , Reinholz U. , Riesemeier H. , Vincze L. , Raboanary R. 
Published: April 2013

Partial least squares (PLS) regression‐based methods have been proven to be a good alternative for quantification in X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy. These methods are fast and easy to use though giving satisfactory results under certain conditions. One of these conditions is the necessity of having a great number of spectra to build the model (training set). The choice of the constituent concentration range in the training set has a big influence on the accuracy of the model. Better accuracy is obtained if the model is built in relatively narrow regions containing (or close to) the real concentration value.In the present work, Monte Carlo (MC) simulated spectra are used to form the training set. The advantage to use MC generated training spectra is the unlimited availability of perfect standards.This paper aims to improve the accuracy of the method by introducing a multiple step procedure in order to build the PLS model using narrow concentration range close to (or containing) the real concentration values in the samples to be measured.This approach consists of an initial guess of the constituents' concentrations and a preliminary PLS model before building the final model. The prediction of ten MC simulated alloy standard samples containing Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Sr, Zr, and Mo using this method allowed to have average relative prediction errors less than 5% for elements with narrow concentration ranges. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solid‐state NMR Spectroscopy of Quadrupolar Nuclei in Inorganic Chemistry
Authors: Bräuniger Thomas , Jansen Martin 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWe here review the principles and applications of solid‐state NMR spectroscopy of quadrupolar nuclei, with a special emphasis on structural studies of inorganic solids. Most NMR‐observable nuclei have spin I > 1/2, and possess a quadrupole moment. The resulting quadrupolar interaction severely broadens the resonances, but also encapsulates valuable information about the symmetry of the electronic surroundings of the observed nucleus. The effect of the quadrupolar interaction, as well as that of the chemical shift and dipolar interaction, on solid‐state NMR spectra is examined in this article. To regain good resolution, specifically designed NMR techniques exist to remove the quadrupolar broadening, i.e. overtone and MQMAS spectroscopy, the principles of which are outlined here. In addition, the possibility of distance measurements via the dipolar interaction using the REDOR technique is discussed. The combined information derived from distance measurements, quadrupolar and chemical shift parameters can be helpful for determination of the crystal structure, or for detection of impurity phases, as illustrated by surveying a number of case studies covering spin I = 1, 3/2, 5/2 and 7/2.