bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a Crashworthy High Capacity Under Frame CNG Storage Solution for Locomotives
Authors: Stewart Ian , Olson Les , Cook Dave 
Published: June 2015

The potential opportunities for fuel cost and emissions reduction as a result of converting from diesel to natural gas (NG) are well known in the rail industry. Recent developments in domestic sources for petroleum have both lowered the cost and stabilized the natural gas market making the adoption of NG more strategically viable than ever before. NG Engine conversion systems for medium speed diesel engines have been available for over 20 years and environmental incentives are helping to further support the adoption of NG not only as an alternate fuel, but possibly as the new primary fuel. The major challenge for railroad transition to NG is now to develop a manageable and cost effective on board storage architecture with capacity to provide sufficient range to meet industry acceptance for general use.
For long haul applications, the solution has been to add a large locomotive NG tender. For short line, switcher and commuter applications, the fuel cost benefits do not warrant the cost and complexity of such a system. For these short to medium range applications, an “on locomotive” storage system with a capacity equivalent to a minimum of 500 diesel gallons is a better solution. This paper summarizes the development of a crashworthy, high capacity, underframe NG storage solution packaged in the form factor normally occupied by the conventional locomotive diesel fuel tank (Fig. 1).
Primary challenges for the CNG storage system solution are to achieve high storage density and crashworthiness while within the confines of existing AAR M-1001Plate C profile. It is expected that the system is to meet both the CFR/FRA structural requirements for diesel tanks and relevant DOT requirements for CNG cylinders used in mobile applications.
The NG storage system presented consists of an outer enclosure which mounts to the locomotive similarly to the existing diesel fuel tank. The enclosure contains and interfaces with NG cylinders specifically designed for the application. The system design withstands the various load requirements defined in 49 CFR Part 238 Appendix D, that simulate both jackknife derailment and class 8 truck side impact scenarios. NG cylinders within the enclosure must be approved for use in this application and have sufficient capacity and maintainability to create new opportunities for NG conversion in the rail industry. The primary design goal for the storage system is to integrate the cylinder size and configuration within the enclosure such that storage volume is maximized and crash impact loads are minimized. Impact loads are distributed through the system ensuring that point loading sufficient to breach one or more of the NG cylinders or fuel lines does not occur. An overview of the development and results of physical derailment and side impact testing performed in support of this effort are presented.
The Effectiveness of Compression Socks for Athletic Performance and Recovery
Authors: Stanek Justin M. 
Published: June 2015

Clinical Scenario:The popularity of compression socks has increased substantially among athletes, particularly those participating in endurance events such as running and triathlon. Companies are increasingly marketing compression stockings to runners, triathletes, and other endurance athletes for the benefits of improved performance and/or decreased recovery time. Originally developed for the treatment of deep-vein thrombosis, compression socks are now marketed as a tool to improve venous return, thus believed to improve both performance and recovery in athletes. The use of compression socks during training aims to help the skeletal-muscle pump, increase deep venous velocity, and/or decrease blood pooling in the calf veins and alleviate delayed-onset muscle soreness. The scenario is a 28-y-old recreational triathlete seeking your advice while training for her first half-Ironman. She occasionally complains of tightness in the calves both during and after running. She wants your opinion on the effectiveness of using compression socks to help her performance and recovery.Focused Clinical Question:What is the effectiveness of using graduated compression socks for improving athletic performance and decreasing recovery time in healthy endurance athletes?
ЕПІДЕМІОЛОГІЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ГЕРПЕСВІРУСНОЇ ІНФЕКЦІЇ НА БУКОВИНІ ПРОТЯГОМ 2010-2014 рр.
Authors: Москалюк В.Д. , Соколенко М.О. 
Published: June 2015

<p><em>На підставі аналізу структури герпесвірусних інфекцій серед усіх ушпиталених хворих в стаціонари Чернівецької області за 5 років (2010-2014 рр.)</em> <em>встановили зниження кількості дітей і дорослих, хворих на вітряну віспу, та зростання – на інфекційний мононуклеоз. Водночас зростає кількість госпіталізованих дорослих осіб, хворих на оперізувальний герпес. </em></p><p><em>Отже, за </em><em>показником кількості госпіталізованих хворих з герпесвірусно</em><em>ю інфекцією, відбувається постійний перерозподіл циркуляції герпесв</em><em>ірус</em><em>ів у дорослого і дитячого населення.</em><em></em></p>
РЕПРОДУКТИВНА ФУНКЦІЯ ЖІНОК З ПАТОЛОГІЄЮ ЩИТОПОДІБНОЇ ЗАЛАЗИ,ЯКИХ ЛІКУЮТЬ ЗА ПРОГРАМОЮ ДОПОМІЖНИХ РЕПРОДУКТИВНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ
Authors: Юзько О. М. , Вітюк А. Д. , Юзько Т. А. 
Published: June 2015

Розглянуто проблему патології щитоподібної залози в програмі допоміжних репродуктивних технологій при жіночому безплідді. Обґрунтовано необхідність проведення скринінгу тиреоїдної функції цієї залози при обстеженні пацієнток.
A new compartmental method for the analysis of liver FDG kinetics in small animal models
Authors: Garbarino Sara , Vivaldi Valentina , Delbary Fabrice , Caviglia Giacomo , Piana Michele , Marini Cecilia , Capitanio Selene , Calamia Iolanda , Buschiazzo Ambra , Sambuceti Gianmario 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background
Compartmental analysis is a standard method to quantify metabolic processes using fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). For liver studies, this analysis is complex due to the hepatocyte capability to dephosphorylate and release glucose and FDG into the blood. Moreover, a tracer is supplied to the liver by both the hepatic artery and the portal vein, which is not visible in PET images. This study developed an innovative computational approach accounting for the reversible nature of FDG in the liver and directly computing the portal vein tracer concentration by means of gut radioactivity measurements.

Methods
Twenty-one mice were subdivided into three groups: the control group ‘CTR’ (n = 7) received no treatment, the short-term starvation group ‘STS’ (n = 7) was submitted to food deprivation with free access to water within 48 h before imaging, and the metformin group ‘MTF’ (n = 7) was treated with metformin (750 mg/Kg per day) for 1 month. All mice underwent a dynamic micro-PET study for 50 min after an 18F-FDG injection. The compartmental analysis considered two FDG pools (phosphorylated and free) in both the gut and liver. A tracer was carried into the liver by the hepatic artery and the portal vein, and tracer delivery from the gut was considered as the sole input for portal vein tracer concentration. Accordingly, both the liver and gut were characterized by two compartments and two exchange coefficients. Each one of the two two-compartment models was mathematically described by a system of differential equations, and data optimization was performed by applying a Newton algorithm to the inverse problems associated to these differential systems.

Results
All rate constants were stable in each group. The tracer coefficient from the free to the metabolized compartment in the liver was increased by STS, while it was unaltered by MTF. By contrast, the tracer coefficient from the metabolized to the free compartment was reduced by MTF and increased by STS.

Conclusions
Data demonstrated that our method was able to analyze FDG kinetics under pharmacological or pathophysiological stimulation, quantifying the fraction of the tracer trapped in the liver or dephosphorylated and released into the bloodstream.
Basic Models of Production Process Scheduling
Authors: Водянова  , Vodyanova Vyera , Ненашев  , Nenashev Oleg 
Published: June 2015

Paper has been devoted to methodological and theoretical ideas related to formation of hierarchy for basic
dynamic models of production process scheduling which is an important component of quality control.
However, the production process scheduling cannot be provided using universal modern simulation
packages and requires the creation of special program, in which developed original algorithms for control of
material and orders flows, and original scheduling algorithms are realized. For development of such original
algorithms the hierarchy of material flows’ basic models may be useful. This hierarchy is based on hydraulic
KT-model of elementary production link. In the paper the main directions of restrictions into the KT-model
that allow expand basic models’ variety and create a flexible tool for production process scheduling model
building have been presented.
Fame, fortune and agency: Housewives and the Dairy White Wings Bake-Off
Authors: Adams Jillian 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In the post-war period, Australian companies adopted sophisticated American marketing methods to promote a range of products, including foods, to Australian housewives. Modelled on America’s Pillsbury Bake-Off, The Dairy White Wings Bake-Off was an extraordinary marketing event for its many sponsors. In its early years Australia’s Bake-Off claimed to be a significant event for any housewife. Throughout its life, however, the competition became less about housewives and their baking skills and more about marketing the goods and services offered by its various sponsors to the working woman, the perfect hostess and men who increasingly found a place in the domestic kitchen. The Australian Women’s Weekly and Woman’s Day, both popular women’s magazines then and now, covered the event and featured many advertisements by its sponsors. This article shows, how by using information from these magazine articles and advertisements (material culture) for the Bake-Off, it is possible to investigate a changing domestic culture in Australia through the way in which the Bake-Off, over its life, changed its rules and categories to appeal less to the housewife and increasingly to working women as well as men.
Killing mother: Female influence, authority and erasure in the Daniel Craig James Bond films
Authors: Wight Linda 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The James Bond film franchise has attracted much criticism for its depiction of women. The casting of Judi Dench as M, however, signalled the series’ potential to interrogate its own sexism. This article argues that Casino Royale (2006) by Campbell – the fifth film starring Dench as M and the first starring Daniel Craig as Bond – effects the most significant revision of gender roles in the franchise to date. Taking us back to the beginning of his career, Casino Royale reconfigures Bond as fallible, vulnerable and psychologically unstable, a man struggling to secure his identity as 007. Playing a much more significant role than she did in the Pierce Brosnan films, M criticizes Bond’s weaknesses and mistakes, but she also contributes in important ways to shaping his identity-in-process in her complex role as boss/mentor/mother. Nevertheless, in Quantum of Solace by Forster (2008) and Skyfall by Mendes (2012), M’s power over Bond is contained within a familiar ideology of motherhood, which subordinates her to the active male agent. Furthermore, this article contends that in Skyfall the series reverts to its tradition of undermining, containing and erasing powerful women by killing off the female usurper and restoring MI6 to a male-dominated space.
Morphological complexity of the word
Authors: Altmann Gabriel , Roelcke Thorsten 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAlthough there is much linguistic work concerning morphological complexity of words no study tries to scale their physical form. In this paper firstly we present a scaling of word's morphological complexity considering reduplication, compounding, derivation, inflection and suppletivism. Secondly we show some quantitative analyses of morphological complexity with respect to arc, motif, and distances of words in a Slovak poem as an example.
Analyse von Kristallen mit ETV-ICP OES
Authors: Bertram Rainer 
Published: June 2015

Zusammenfassung
Zur Bestimmung der Hauptelemente von Kristallen mit Granat- und
Perowskit-Struktur kann die optische Emissionsspektrometrie in
Kopplung mit einer elektrothermischen Verdampfungseinheit (ETV-ICP
OES) eingesetzt werden. Die Kristalle müssen dazu mit einem
Mahlhilfsmittel (Graphit oder Siliciumcarbid) vermahlen werden. Die
Kalibrierung erfolgt mit wässrigen
Elementstandardlösungen. Der Vergleich der Ergebnisse mit denen,
die über klassische Lösungsanalyse erhalten wurden, zeigt,
dass bei der ETV-ICP OES die Elementgehaltswiederfindung bei der
verwendeten Standardprozedur im Rahmen der Fehlerbetrachtung zwischen
90 und 110% liegen. Es wurde ein halbquantitatives Verfahren
zur Bestimmung der chemischen Zusammensetzung der Kristalle
entwickelt, das auch für die Bestimmung von Hauptelementen
weiterer Materialien geeignet ist.
234Pa Precipitation with Benzoyl-phenyl-hydroxylamine
Authors: Cristallini O. , Flegenheimer J. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
The coprecipitation of 234Pa (UX2) with benzoyl-phenyl-hydroxylamine from acid solutions of uranium has been studied. The Pa/Th separation factor with this method is very high and has been compared with that of the phosphate method. The clean disintegration curve which can be obtained and the simplicity of the method recommend it for a teaching experiment in radiochemistry showing the technique of working with short lived isotopes, analysis of data from a rapidly decaying source and the determination of the resolving time of the counting system.
Further Studies on Radiocolloids
Authors: Reinhardt H. , Liljenzin J. O. , Lindner R. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
The continuous measurement of the diffusion of radiocolloids is made possible by use of a photomultiplier tube viewing a ZnS-covered and thin walled glass capillary inside which the α-radiating particles diffuse in aqueous suspension and get adsorbed at the surface.
The method was shown to yield satisfactory results for the particle size of alumina powder of known grain size distribution tagged with (Pb+Bi)-212 or Po-210.
Po-210 radiocolloids were found to have an average radius of about 10-4 cm and a "specific" radioactivity of about 10-4 whereas the values for radioactive particles generated by decay of Rn-220 in very pure water were 10-6 cm and about 10-4. This means that "pure" (carrierfree) radiocolloids could not be shown to exist.
Radiolyse von Wasserdampf durch ɑ-Bestrahlung
Authors: Hofmann S. , Riehl Ν. , Rupp W. , Sizmann R. 
Published: June 2015

Zusammenfassung
Die Ausbeute an molekularem Wasserstoff bei der Radiolyse von reinem Wasserdampf durch 5,3 MeV-ɑ- Strahlen einer Polonium-210-Quelle wurde zu G(H2) = 5,9 H2-Moleküle pro 100 eV absorbierter Strahlungsenergie ermittelt. Die Ausbeute war zwischen 185 Torr (65° C) und 360 Torr (79° C) innerhalb einer Fehlergrenze von ± 15% unabhängig vom Wasserdampfdruck. Sie ist damit viermal größer als bei der Bestrahlung von flüssigem Wasser mit α-Strahlen.
Die Reichweite dar α-Teilchen lag stets innerhalb des Dampfraumes; unmittelbare Randeffekte der Strahlungseinwirkungwaren hierdurch ausgeschlossen.
Comptage relatif par spectrométrie gamma des ruthénium 103 et ruthénium 106 dans le mélange des deux isotopes
Authors: Guillon A. , Colonomos M. , Sauvagnag R. 
Published: June 2015

Résumé
Le ruthénium 103 et le ruthénium 106 ont un pic commun dans la région de 0,5 Mev. On utilise pour les distinguer le fait que seul le ruthénium 106 possède des énergies y au-delà de 0,8 Mev. L'interférence du ruthénium 103 dans cette région a été mesurée.
Un étalon de ruthénium 106 nous donne, d'une part, le taux de comptage par μCί dans la région de 0,8-2 Mev, d'autre part, la valeur K, rapport des taux de comptage de la région 0,5 Mev à la région 0,8-2 Mev.
Un étalon de ruthénium 103 nous donne, une fois pour toutes, le taux de comptage dans la région 0,5 Mev et la valeur de l'interférence dans la région 0,8-2 Mev.
Dans le cas d'une source inconnue le comptage dans la région 0,8-2 Mev donne une première activité attribuée au ruthenium 106. Le rapport Κ donne le taux de comptage du ruthénium 106 dans la région 0,5 Mev et par suite l'activité du ruthenium 103.
Connaissant l'interférence correspondant à cette dernière valeur on trouve les véritables activités des deux isotopes.
On donne la précision des mesures et la valeur des seuils de détection ; ceux-ci sont excellents dans le cas des solutions de produits de fission, la région de précision minimum ne correspondant pas à des cas courants du mélange des deux isotopes. Outre cet avantage, cette méthode dispense de l'emploi d'un étalon de ruthénium 103; celui-ci n'est utilisé que pour la première manipulation.
Cette méthode mise au point pour des mesures de routine donne des résultats rapides et précis. Elle peut être généralisée au cas d'autres mélanges isotopiques tels que le 141Ce-144Ce, 134Cs-137Cs et même à tout mélange de deux radioéléments ayant un des pics confondus si l'un d'eux a, en dehors de la région commune, un pic séparé d'énergie plus élevée.
Diphosphorus Tetrachloride Formed by Neutron Irradiation of Phosphorus Trichloride
Authors: Sandoval A. A. , Weeks R. W. , Moser H. C. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
Phosphorus trichloride and phosphorus trichloride solutions containing either diphosphorus tetrachloride or white phosphorus as scavengers were subjected to thermal neutron irradiation (7 · 109
n cm-2 sec-1) for ten minute periods. Diphosphorus tetrachloride carrier was added to the neutron irradiated phosphorus trichloride and separated by vacuum distillation. The results indicate that 20% of the 32P is present as 32PPCl4 in the samples without scavenger. As much as 50% 32PPCl4 was found in the samples with scavenger.
Anwendung der sublimativen Trennmethode zur Gewinnung von trägerarmem 51Cr, 99Mo, 187W und 99mTc
Authors: Reichold P. , Anders H. P. 
Published: June 2015

Zusammenfassung
Es wurde untersucht, inwieweit sich die durch n, γ-Reaktion bei der Neutronenbestrahlung von Chrom-, Molybdän- und Wolframcarbonyl entstehenden Nuklide als Aktivitätsrückstand in trägerarmer Form gewinnen lassen, indem man die aktivierten Ausgangsverbindungen der Sublimation unterwirft.
Es konnte festgestellt werden, daß sich 51Cr auf diese Weise gut anreichern läßt.
Bei der Sublimation von neutronenaktiviertem Molybdänhexacarbonyl findet sich auch im Sublimat noch 99Mo. Die so erhaltene markierte Verbindung läßt sich zur Gewinnimg von Technetium heranziehen, da das durch β-Zerfall nachgebildete 99mTc nach einer weiteren Sublimation als Aktivitätsrückstand in weitgehend von Molybdän befreiter Form am Boden des Sublimationsgefäßes verbleibt.
Screening of <i>Ranunculus sceleratus</i> for enzyme inhibition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities
Authors: Shahid Sammia , Riaz Tauheeda , Asghar Muhammad Nadeem 
Published: June 2015

<p>Enzyme inhibition potential of various fractions of <em>Ranunculus sceleratus</em> was checked against α-glucosidase, butyrylcholinesterase, acetylcholinesterase and lipoxygenase enzymes. n-Butanol fraction showed very good activity (77.5 ± 1.0% inhibition at 0.1 mg/mL) against α-glucosidase. Its IC<sub>50</sub> value was 35.7 ± 1.0 µg/mL comparable to quercetin (IC<sub>50</sub> value 16.5 ± 0.4 µg/mL). Antibacterial activity was checked against five bacterial strains by 96-wells microplate assay using ciprofloxacin, a standard antibiotic. Chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions showed excellent activity against <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, (MIC at 7.1, 7.8, 5.6 and 5.3 respectively), which is greater than standard antibiotic ciprofloxacin (MIC 10.0). The antioxidant potential of all the fractions was evaluated. Ethyl acetate soluble fraction exhibited highest percent inhibition of DPPH radical as compared to other fractions. It showed 80.9 ± 1.2% inhibition of DPPH radical at a concentration of 30 µg/mL. These results suggest that <em>R. sceleratus</em> is a valuable herb, which inhibits the oxidative stress mechanism that lead to degenerative diseases. </p><p> </p>
The Construction of Personal Learning Networks to Support Non-Formal Workplace Learning of Training Professionals
Authors: Manning Christin A 
Published: June 2015

Workers in the 21st century workplace are faced with rapid and constant developments that place a heavy demand on them to continually learn beyond what the Human Resources and Training groups can meet. As a consequence, professionals must rely on non-formal learning approaches through the development of a personal learning network to keep up-to-date. This phenomenological study used an explanatory mixed methods approach to examine the lived experiences of how training professionals construct their personal learning networks to support their continuous learning in the workplace.
Results from this study indicate that participants have integrated non-formal learning into their work stream with a majority spending between one to three hours per week on these types of activities. This study uncovered two primary reasons for continuous learning: keeping up with industry trends and project-focused learning. Some significant differences in personal learning network construction were found based on gender, age, experience, and education.
Examining how training professionals use various approaches for their own non-formal learning serves to provide guidance to both individual and organizational learning strategies that need to leverage limited resources and organizational expertise while meeting the rapid and constant changes of the 21st century worker.
Continuous Crystallization of ZnO Nanoparticles by Spray Flash Evaporation versus Batch Synthesis
Authors: Klaumünzer Martin , Schlur Laurent , Schnell Fabien , Spitzer Denis 
Published: June 2015

AbstractRegarding the scaled up and accelerated processing of ZnO particles, an advanced continuous pilot plant device is used for ZnO nanoparticle production from a zinc acetate dihydrate solution. A qualitative and mechanistic study is presented to show the feasibility of the process with respect to the formation of semiconducting ZnO nanoparticles. In order to evaluate the continuous approach based on the particle characteristics, a laboratory batch synthesis approach is additionally consulted for conventional preparation. In both cases, the precursor solutions are identical, on the basis of ethanol; no alkaline precipitant is added. The main finding in this comparison is the differing surface chemistry of the particles derived from these two approaches which triggers a whole cascade of differences in particle size distribution and spectroscopic and morphological properties of the particles.