bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stable remission after administration of the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor SU5416 in a patient with refractory acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Mesters Rolf M. , Padró Teresa , Bieker Ralf , Steins Martin , Kreuter Michael , Göner Michael , Kelsey Stephen , Scigalla Paul , Fiedler Walter , Büchner Thomas , Berdel Wolfgang E. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
The small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor SU5416 targets the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 and the stem cell factor receptor c-kit. Herein is described the successful treatment of a 65-year-old woman with SU5416, in second relapse of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and refractory toward standard chemotherapy regimens. After 12 weeks of treatment with SU5416, the blast cell counts (blood and bone marrow) decreased to undetectable levels and the peripheral blood cell counts normalized with the exception of the platelet count (50-80 × 109/L [50-80 × 103/μL]). The duration of the remission is longer than 4 months during maintenance therapy with SU5416. Microvessel density in the patient's bone marrow dropped from 33.4 to 12.3 microvessels/×500-field 8 weeks after SU5416 administration and remains in the normal range. This is the first report of a stable remission achieved after administration of the RTK inhibitor SU5416 in a patient with AML relapse.
Characterization of the phosphatidylserine-exposing subpopulation of sickle cells
Authors: de Jong Kitty , Larkin Sandra K. , Styles Lori A. , Bookchin Robert M. , Kuypers Frans A. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractPhosphatidylserine (PS), exclusively present in the inner monolayer of the normal red blood cell (RBC) membrane, is exposed in subpopulations of sickle cells. PS-exposing RBCs were found predominantly among the densest and the very light sickle cells. Within the light RBC fraction, PS exposure was found on reticulocytes, transferrin receptor–expressing reticulocytes, and mature RBCs. The last subset contained low-density valinomycin-resistant RBCs, previously shown to have high Na+ and low K+content. This subpopulation contained the highest percentage of PS-exposing cells. The PS-exposing sickle cells did not show the sustained high cytosolic Ca++ levels that have been shown to activate scramblase activity. Data from this study indicate that PS exposure can occur at different stages in the life of the sickle RBC and that it correlates with the loss of aminophospholipid translocase activity, the only common denominator of the PS-exposing cells. The additional requirement of scramblase activation may occur during transient increases in cytosolic Ca++.
Phase I and Pharmacologic Study of Oral ZD9331, A Novel Nonpolyglutamated Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor, in Adult Patients With Solid Tumors
Authors: de Jonge Maja J.A. , Punt Cornelis J.A. , Sparreboom Alex , Planting André S.T. , Peters M.E.W.J. , van de Schraaf Jacqueline , Jackman Ann , Smith Rob , de Mulder Pieter H.M. , Verweij Jaap 
Published: July 2002

PURPOSE: To assess the toxicity profile and dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs), to determine the maximum-tolerated dose, and to study the pharmacokinetics of ZD9331 when administered orally to patients with advanced solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were treated with oral ZD9331 given once daily (od) or twice daily (bid) for 5, 7, or 10 days; cycles were repeated every 21 days at doses ranging from 2.5 to 40 mg. For pharmacokinetic analysis, plasma sampling was performed during the first course and assayed using a validated liquid chromatographic–tandem mass spectrometry assay. Plasma levels of 2′-deoxyuridine were measured as a surrogate marker for TS inhibition. RESULTS: Forty-two patients received a total of 166 courses. The DLTs were myelosuppression and skin rash. Dose escalation of oral ZD9331 from 2.5 to 40 mg, as a single daily dose, resulted in a less than proportional increase in the plasma area under the concentration-time curve of ZD9331. The plasma drug exposure per cycle for the schedules 20 mg od for 5 days, 10 mg od for 10 days, and 10 mg bid for 5 days, all resulting in a total dose per cycle of 100 mg, were comparable. One partial response was noted in a patient with gastric cancer. CONCLUSION: DLTs in this phase I study of oral ZD9331 were myelosuppression and skin toxicity. The recommended dose for phase II studies of oral ZD9331 is 20 mg od for 5 consecutive days, every 3 weeks.
Effect of Prevention Strategies on Survival and Quality-Adjusted Survival of Women With BRCA1/2 Mutations: An Updated Decision Analysis
Authors: Grann Victor R. , Jacobson Judith S. , Thomason Dustin , Hershman Dawn , Heitjan Daniel F. , Neugut Alfred I. 
Published: July 2002

PURPOSE: This study updates findings regarding the effects of prophylactic surgery, chemoprevention, and surveillance on the survival and quality-adjusted survival of women who test positive for BRCA1/2 mutations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Markov modeling of outcomes was performed in a simulated cohort of 30-year-old women who tested positive for BRCA1/2 mutations. The model incorporated breast and ovarian cancer incidence rates from the literature and mortality rates from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. Quality adjustment of survival estimates were obtained from a survey of women aged 33 to 50 years. Sensitivity analyses were performed of varied assumptions regarding timing and effects of preventive measures on cancer incidence and adverse effects. RESULTS: A 30-year-old woman could prolong her survival beyond that associated with surveillance alone by use of preventive measures: 1.8 years with tamoxifen, 2.6 years with prophylactic oophorectomy, 4.6 years with both tamoxifen and prophylactic oophorectomy, 3.5 years with prophylactic mastectomy, and 4.9 years with both surgeries. She could prolong her quality-adjusted survival by 2.8 years with tamoxifen, 4.4 years with prophylactic oophorectomy, 6.3 years with tamoxifen and oophorectomy, and 2.6 years with mastectomy, or with both surgeries. The benefits of all of these strategies would decrease if they were initiated at later ages. CONCLUSION: Women who test positive for BRCA1/2 mutations may derive greater survival and quality adjusted survival benefits than previously reported from chemoprevention, prophylactic surgery, or a combination. Observational studies and clinical trials are needed to verify the results of this analysis of the long-term benefits of preventive strategies among BRCA1/2-positive women.
Urinary Retention Evaluation and Catheterization Algorithm for Adult Inpatients
Authors: Chrouser Kristin , Fowler Karen E. , Mann Jason D. , Quinn Martha , Ameling Jessica , Hendren Samantha , Krapohl Greta , Skolarus Ted A. , Bernstein Steven J. , Meddings Jennifer 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceAcute urinary retention (UR) is common, yet variations in diagnosis and management can lead to inappropriate catheterization and harm.ObjectiveTo develop an algorithm for screening and management of UR among adult inpatients.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this mixed-methods study using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method and qualitative interviews, an 11-member multidisciplinary expert panel of nurses and physicians from across the US used a formal multi-round process from March to May 2015 to rate 107 clinical scenarios involving diagnosis and management of adult UR in postoperative and medical inpatients. The panel ratings informed the first algorithm draft. Semistructured interviews were conducted from October 2020 to May 2021 with 33 frontline clinicians—nurses and surgeons from 5 Michigan hospitals—to gather feedback and inform algorithm refinements.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPanelists categorized scenarios assessing when to use bladder scanners, catheterization at various scanned bladder volumes, and choice of catheterization modalities as appropriate, inappropriate, or uncertain. Next, qualitative methods were used to understand the perceived need, usability, and potential algorithm uses.ResultsThe 11-member expert panel (10 men and 1 woman) used the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method to develop a UR algorithm including the following: (1) bladder scanners were preferred over catheterization for UR diagnosis in symptomatic patients or starting as soon as 3 hours since last void if asymptomatic, (2) bladder scanner volumes appropriate to prompt catheterization were 300 mL or greater in symptomatic patients and 500 mL or greater in asymptomatic patients, and (3) intermittent was preferred to indwelling catheterization for managing lower bladder volumes. Interview findings were organized into 3 domains (perceived need, feedback on algorithm, and implementation suggestions). The 33 frontline clinicians (9 men and 24 women) who reviewed the algorithm reported that an evidence-based protocol (1) was needed and could be helpful to clinicians, (2) should be simple and graphically appealing to improve rapid clinician review, and (3) should be integrated within the electronic medical record and prominently displayed in hospital units to increase awareness. The draft algorithm was iteratively refined based on stakeholder feedback.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study using a systematic, multidisciplinary, evidence- and expert opinion–based approach, a UR evaluation and catheterization algorithm was developed to improve patient safety by increasing appropriate use of bladder scanners and catheterization. This algorithm addresses the need for practical guidance to manage UR among adult inpatients.
Bioelectronic Sutures with Electrochemical pH‐Sensing for Long‐Term Monitoring of the Wound Healing Progress
Authors: Kim Hwajoong , Kim Jung Hyun , Jeong Minji , Lee Dongwook , Kim Jinho , Lee Mugeun , Kim Gain , Kim Jayoung , Lee Jung Seung , Lee Jaehong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe physiological pH level at wound sites is one of the fundamental factors for monitoring wound conditions in clinical practice. To continuously assess the wound conditions, a variety of bioelectronic pH sensors are extensively developed. However, despite significant advances in bioelectronics for wound monitoring, the application of existing bioelectronic devices, primarily designed as bandages or patches, remains challenging for monitoring pH levels in deep wounds. Here, a flexible pH‐sensing suture is introduced that can be simultaneously used as both a precise pH sensor for wound monitoring and a conventional medical suture. The electrochemical pH‐sensing suture comprises Au nanoparticle‐based flexible electrodes functionalized with polyaniline for the working electrode and Ag/AgCl for the reference electrode, seamlessly integrated onto a standard medical suturing thread. This dual‐function sensing suture offers a reliable and high sensitivity of 58.9 mV pH−1, negligible hysteresis, high stability, and excellent selectivity in pH sensing. The biocompatibility of the sensing suture is systematically verified for its in vivo use. To demonstrate the capabilities of the pH‐sensing suture, it is successfully applied to an incision and chronic wound model of mouse to perform continuous and accurate monitoring of the inflammation and healing progress of the wound throughout the healing period.
Electron Beam Interaction with Carbon Nanotubes in Scanning Electron Microscope: Mechanisms and Applications
Authors: Chen Guo , Yuan Zi , Wei Yuanqi , Fu Xuze , Jiang Kaili 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA comprehensive understanding of the interaction between electron beams and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in scanning electron microscope (SEM) can be challenging due to the complex surface charging behavior and various nanostructures formed by CNTs. Herein, an overview of the challenges and potential solutions are provided for achieving high‐resolution imaging of nanomaterials, such as CNTs, in SEM systems. First, imaging mechanisms of CNTs on conducting, insulating, and hybrid substrates are summarized, with morphology, material type, and charging effect covered. Second, measuring the conductivity, bandgap, and diameter of a CNT by SEM method is introduced. Finally, the utilization of super‐aligned CNT (SACNT) films for observing insulators and vertically aligned CNT arrays (VACNTAs) as electron blackbodies are discussed separately. New techniques for imaging and characterizing nanostructures will ultimately lead to the advancement of CNT‐based technologies.
Porous GaN Nanopyramids: Advancing Beyond Conventional Nanostructures for High‐Brightness InGaN/GaN Quantum Wells Emission
Authors: Thaalbi Hamza , Kim Baul , Abdullah Ameer , Kulkarni Mandar A. , Tariq Fawad , Din Haseeb Ud , Cho Yong‐Hoon , Ryu Sang‐Wan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGaN nanostructures hold significant promise in advancing nanoscale light‐emitting devices. However, significant progress remains elusive, possibly due to the absence of innovative approaches. Beyond the smaller size of GaN nanostructures, the main interest lies in growing InGaN active layers on semi‐ and non‐polar orientations. Nevertheless, it is evident that while leveraging such a method holds initial promise, this approach may eventually reach its limits, prompting the need for fresh perspectives. In this manuscript, electrochemical etching is utilized to fabricate porous GaN nanopyramids. Given the absence of prior studies on electrochemical etching of GaN nanostructures, its etching behavior is investigated, revealing its selectivity concerning doping concentration and geometry. Furthermore, how the choice of electrolyte can differently impact the optical response of the etched template is explored. Subsequently, an InGaN/GaN quantum wells shell is grown as the active region. The significance of the approach is evidenced by a tenfold enhancement in photoluminescence emission. Porous nanopyramids demonstrate a higher internal quantum efficiency of 44.7% and faster radiative recombination time. Additionally, finite difference time domain simulation reveals a twofold increase in light extraction efficiency. This research will lead the way toward the development of a new class of nanostructures offering potential advancements in optoelectronic devices.
Multifunctional Theranostic 2D Vanadium Carbidel for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Feng Keke , Li Chenglei , Xiong Rui , Lin Yingqi , Cui Zhou , Tu Yifan , Zhang Mingzhe , Sa Baisheng , Shao Jingwei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe application of 2D MXene materials in the biomedical field has been widely explored. Apart from excellent photothermal properties, their role in modulating various immune cells and overcoming immune‐suppressive tumor microenvironments is waiting to be discovered. In this work, a novel multifunctional 2D vanadium carbide is constructed that degrades in situ in the tumor microenvironment. Various characterizations and first‐principles calculations indicated that V4C3 nanosheets exhibit excellent light absorption and photothermal conversion capabilities in the NIR‐II biological window. The photothermal and X‐ray absorption properties of V4C3 nanosheets enabled dual‐modal photoacoustic imaging/computerized tomography (PA/CT) imaging functionality. The V4C3 nanosheets in the tumor microenvironment decomposed under the effect of H2O2 and GSH, triggering a Fenton‐like reaction. The photothermal ablation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation capabilities enabled V4C3 nanosheets to convert cold tumors into hot ones (macrophage: M2→M1) and induce reactions like immunogenic cell death (ICD). Dendritic cell (DC) cells matured under the ICD stimulation, which promoted T cell activation, reduced Treg cells and thus effectively enhanced tumor immunotherapy. The multiple properties including imaging, photothermal, enzyme‐driven, and immune functions enable V4C3 nanosheets to ablate tumors effectively. This study provides an example for the research of the multifunctional exploration and application of MXene in biomedicine filed.
Advanced Functional Photochromic Wearables with Superior Durability and Stability for Sustainable Applications
Authors: Zhu Meng , Xu Bingang , Chen Tiandi , Zhang Junze , Sun Weiwei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe rewritable wearables based on photochromism have emerged as attractive candidates in inkless printing applications. Among various photochromic materials, polyoxometalates have great potential for rewritable wearables, with major advantages in fast response upon UV irradiation, long‐term photochemical stability, and excellent fatigue resistance. However, the development of rewritable wearables based on polyoxometalates is limited by low combining fastness, weak stability, and poor scalability. Here, a scalable strategy is reported to fabricate an ideal rewritable wearable based on fundamental charge balance mechanism. The pristine cotton substrate is grafted by cationic polymer brushes to incorporate photochromic phosphomolybdic acid (PMoA) anions through electrostatic attraction, and then the cationic surfactants with alkyl chains are introduced to encapsulate the PMoA anions to achieve charge balance subsequently. The resultant rewritable wearables display the long‐awaited properties, such as high color contrast, favorable reversibility (>10 cycles), long color retention (>15 days) and high stability against detergent and sweat (pH 6.5–8.0) during repeated washing (50 cycles) and wearing. As a demonstration, a rewritable T‐shirt is scalably fabricated, and excellent antibacterial activity and biocompatibility are demonstrated as well, which is expected to be a sustainable solution for regular fabric printing in household products and public display.
A Multifunctional Nanocomposite Hydrogel Delivery System Based on Dual‐Loaded Liposomes for Scarless Wound Healing
Authors: Xing Danlei , Xia Guoqing , Tang Xudong , Zhuang Zhiwei , Shan Jie , Fang Xiao , Qiu Le , Zha Xiaojun , Chen Xu‐Lin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIncreased inflammatory responses and oxidative stress at the wound site following skin trauma impair healing. Furthermore, skin scarring places fibroblasts under severe mechanical stress and aggravates pathological fibrosis. A novel liposomal composite hydrogel is engineered for wound microenvironment remodeling, incorporating dual‐loaded liposomes into gelatin methacrylate to create a nanocomposite hydrogel. Notably, tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) are encapsulated in the hydrophobic and hydrophilic layers of liposomes, respectively. The composite hydrogel maintains porous nanoarchitecture, demonstrating sustainable THC and HGF release and enhanced mechanical properties and biocompatibility. This system effectively promotes cell proliferation and angiogenesis and attenuates apoptosis. It decreases the expression of the inflammatory factors by inhibiting the high‐mobility group box /receptor for advanced glycation end product/NF‐κB (HMGB1/RAGE/NF‐κB)pathway and increases macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 in vitro, effectively controlling inflammatory responses. It exhibits remarkable antioxidant properties by scavenging excess reactive oxygen species and free radicals. Most importantly, it effectively prevents scar formation by restraining the transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β)/Smads pathway that downregulates associated fibrotic factors. It demonstrates strong therapeutic effects against inflammation and fibrosis in a rat skin wound model with biosafety, advancing the development of innovative hydrogel‐based therapeutic delivery strategies for clinical scarless wound therapy.
mRNA‐Engineered CD5‐CAR‐γδTCD5‐ Cells for the Immunotherapy of T‐Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Zhu Zhixiong , Li Hexian , Lu Qizhong , Zhang Zongliang , Li Jia , Wang Zeng , Yang Nian , Yu Zhengyu , Yang Chen , Chen Yongdong , Lu Huaqing , Wang Wei , Niu Ting , Nie Chunlai , Tong Aiping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractClinical trials of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T‐cell (CAR‐T) therapy have demonstrated remarkable success in treating both solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Nanobodies (Nbs) have emerged as promising antigen‐targeting domains for CARs, owing to their high specificity, robust stability, and strong affinity, leading to significant advancements in the field of Nb‐CAR‐T. In the realm of T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL) targets, CD5 stands out as a potentially excellent candidate for T‐cell‐based CAR therapy, due to its distinct expression on the surface of malignant T‐ALL cells. To mitigate graft‐versus‐host disease associated with allogeneic CAR‐T, γδT cells are selected and stimulated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and γδT cells are engineered via CRISPR/Cas9 to eliminate fratricide, enabling the creation of fratricide‐resistant CAR‐γδTCD5− cells. In vitro transcribed (IVT) mRNA is used to construct CAR‐T, presenting a safer, faster, and cost‐effective method compared to traditional viral vector approaches. In this study, a CD5‐VHH library is constructed, and specific CD5‐nanobodies are screened for subsequent use in CD5‐CAR‐γδTCD5− therapy. IVT‐mRNA‐CD5‐CAR‐γδTCD5− cells exhibited favorable functional characteristics and demonstrated antitumor efficacy against malignant T cell lines, underlining the potential for advancing mRNA‐CD5‐CAR‐γδTCD5− therapy.
In Situ Exsolution‐Prepared Solid‐Solution‐Type Sulfides with Intracrystal Polarization for Efficient and Selective Absorption of Low‐Frequency Electromagnetic Wave
Authors: Zeng Xiaojun , Nie Tianli , Zhao Chao , Gao Yanfeng , Liu Xiaofang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe excellent dielectric properties and tunable structural design of metal sulfides have attracted considerable interest in realizing electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption. However, compared with traditional monometallic and bimetallic sulfides that are extensively studied, the unique physical characteristics of solid‐solution‐type sulfides in response to EMW have not been revealed yet. Herein, a unique method for preparing high‐purity solid‐solution‐type sulfides is proposed based on solid‐phase in situ exsolution of different metal ions from hybrid precursors. Utilizing CoAl‐LDH/MIL‐88A composite as a precursor, Fe0.8Co0.2S single‐phase nanoparticles are uniformly in situ formed on an amorphous substrate (denoted as CoAl), forming CoAl/Fe0.8Co0.2S heterostructure. Combing with density functional theory (DFT) calculations and wave absorption simulations, it is revealed that Fe0.8Co0.2S solid solution has stronger intracrystal polarization and electronic conductivity than traditional monometallic and bimetallic sulfides, which lead to higher dielectric properties in EM field. Therefore, CoAl/Fe0.8Co0.2S heterostructure exhibits significantly enhanced EMW absorption ability in the low‐frequency region (2–6 GHz) and can achieve frequency screening by selectively absorbing EMW of specific frequency. This work not only provides a unique method for preparing high‐purity solid‐solution‐type sulfides but also fundamentally reveals the physical essence of their excellent EMW absorption performance.