bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of acute heart failure patients: observations from the Gulf acute heart failure registry (Gulf CARE)
Authors: Sulaiman Kadhim , Panduranga Prashanth , Al‐Zakwani Ibrahim , Alsheikh‐Ali Alawi A. , AlHabib Khalid F. , Al‐Suwaidi Jassim , Al‐Mahmeed Wael , AlFaleh Hussam , Elasfar Abdelfatah , Al‐Motarreb Ahmed , Ridha Mustafa , Bulbanat Bassam , Al‐Jarallah Mohammed , Bazargani Nooshin , Asaad Nidal , Amin Haitham 
Published: March 2015

AimsThe purpose of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of acute heart failure (HF) patients from the Gulf acute heart failure registry (Gulf CARE).Methods and resultsData from 5005 HF patients admitted to 47 hospitals in seven Gulf countries during February to November 2012 were analysed. Fifty‐five per cent of patients presented with acute decompensated chronic HF, while 45% had new‐onset HF. Mean age was 59 ± 15 years, 63% were males, and 83% were Gulf citizens. Co‐morbid conditions were hypertension (61%), diabetes mellitus (50%), CAD (47%), and atrial fibrillation or flutter (14%). The median LVEF was 35% (25–45%) with 69% presenting as HF with reduced EF (HFrEF). CAD was the most prevalent aetiology (53%) followed by idiopathic cardiomyopathy (18%), hypertensive heart disease (16%), and valvular heart disease (9%). At discharge, 71% and 78% of patients received beta‐blockers and ACE inhibitors/ARBs, respectively. Use of coronary intervention and device therapy was <10%. In‐hospital mortality was 6.3%. Re‐hospitalization and cumulative mortality at 3 and 12 months were 18%/13% and 40%/20%, respectively.ConclusionsGulf CARE results show that patients from this region are a decade younger than their Western counterparts, with a high prevalence of diabetes and HFrEF, and a lower prevalence of AF. Use of coronary intervention and device therapy was low, with high re‐hospitalization rates. Short‐ and long‐term mortality rates were similar to those of Western registries, but should be interpreted in the light of the younger age of Gulf CARE patients.
Synthesis of a Panel of Carbon‐13‐Labelled (Glyco)Sphingolipids
Authors: Wisse Patrick , Gold Henrik , Mirzaian Mina , Ferraz Maria J. , Lutteke Ginger , van den Berg Richard J. B. H. N. , van den Elst Hans , Lugtenburg Johan , van der Marel Gijsbert A. , Aerts Johannes M. F. G. , Codée Jeroen D. C. , Overkleeft Herman S. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe synthesis of a focussed library of sphingolipids differing in the number and position of 13C labels is described. The synthesised sphingolipids differ in substitution at both the sphingosine amine (either palmitoylated or unmodified) and the sphingosine primary hydroxyl (unmodified or glycosylated). Moreover, 13C atoms are incorporated into either the sphingosine or the palmitate moiety, or both. This set of compounds is intended for use in relative quantitative lipidomics studies to gain insight into sphingolipid metabolism in healthy and diseased (lysosomal storage disorders) patients and animal models.
A Pilot Study Examining Diagnostic Differences Among Exercise and Weight Suppression in Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder
Authors: Cook Brian J. , Steffen Kristine J. , Mitchell James E. , Otto Maxwell , Crosby Ross D. , Cao Li , Wonderlich Stephen A. , Crow Scott , Hill Laura , Le Grange Daniel , Powers Pauline 
Published: March 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate diagnostic differences in weight suppression (e.g., the difference between one's current body weight and highest non‐pregnancy adult body weight) and exercise among Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge Eating Disorder (BED). Because exercise may be a key contributor to weight suppression in BN, we were interested in examining the potential moderating effect of exercise on weight suppression in BN or BED.MethodParticipants with BN (n = 774) and BED (n = 285) completed self‐report surveys of weight history, exercise and eating disorder symptoms. Generalised linear model analyses were used to examine the associations among diagnosis, exercise frequency and their interaction on weight suppression.ResultsExercise frequency and BN/BED diagnosis were both associated with weight suppression. Additionally, exercise frequency moderated the relationship between diagnosis and weight suppression. Specifically, weight suppression was higher in BN than in BED among those with low exercise frequency but comparable in BN and BED among those with high exercise frequency.DiscussionOur results suggest that exercise frequency may contribute to different weight suppression outcomes among BN and BED. This may inform clinical implications of exercise in these disorders. Specifically, much understanding of the differences among exercise frequency and the compensatory use of exercise in BN and BED is needed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Expeditious Synthesis of Orthogonally Protected Saccharides through Consecutive Protection/Glycosylation Steps
Authors: Tu Zhijay , Liu Peng‐Kai , Wu Ming‐Chih , Lin Chun‐Hung 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe recently developed a facile synthesis to yield orthogonally protected mannose‐ and Gal‐β1,3/4‐GlcNAc‐containing oligosaccharides. With optimized reaction conditions, the protection/glycosylation steps were carried out in a successive manner, without purification of intermediate products. The entire development sequence is herein described in detail, including each installation and removal of protecting groups, the optimization of glycosylation reactions, the successive operation of reaction steps, and further applications for glycan synthesis. We also discuss the unsolved problems and current challenges.
The Influence of High-Impact Exercise on Cortical and Trabecular Bone Mineral Content and 3D Distribution Across the Proximal Femur in Older Men: A Randomized Controlled Unilateral Intervention
Authors: Allison Sarah J , Poole Kenneth E S , Treece Graham M , Gee Andrew H , Tonkin Carol , Rennie Winston J , Folland Jonathan P , Summers Gregory D , Brooke-Wavell Katherine 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Regular exercisers have lower fracture risk, despite modest effects of exercise on bone mineral content (BMC). Exercise may produce localized cortical and trabecular bone changes that affect bone strength independently of BMC. We previously demonstrated that brief, daily unilateral hopping exercises increased femoral neck BMC in the exercise leg versus the control leg of older men. This study evaluated the effects of these exercises on cortical and trabecular bone and its 3D distribution across the proximal femur, using clinical CT. Fifty healthy men had pelvic CT scans before and after the exercise intervention. We used hip QCT analysis to quantify BMC in traditional regions of interest and estimate biomechanical variables. Cortical bone mapping localized cortical mass surface density and endocortical trabecular density changes across each proximal femur, which involved registration to a canonical proximal femur model. Following statistical parametric mapping, we visualized and quantified statistically significant changes of variables over time in both legs, and significant differences between legs. Thirty-four men aged mean (SD) 70 (4) years exercised for 12-months, attending 92% of prescribed sessions. In traditional regions of interest, cortical and trabecular BMC increased over time in both legs. Cortical BMC at the trochanter increased more in the exercise than control leg, whereas femoral neck buckling ratio declined more in the exercise than control leg. Across the entire proximal femur, cortical mass surface density increased significantly with exercise (2.7%; p &lt; 0.001), with larger changes (&gt; 6%) at anterior and posterior aspects of the femoral neck and anterior shaft. Endocortical trabecular density also increased (6.4%; p &lt; 0.001), with localized changes of &gt; 12% at the anterior femoral neck, trochanter, and inferior femoral head. Odd impact exercise increased cortical mass surface density and endocortical trabecular density, at regions that may be important to structural integrity. These exercise-induced changes were localized rather than being evenly distributed across the proximal femur. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Development of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells From Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Chen Tong , Wang Fen , Wu Mengyao , Wang Zack Z. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTHuman pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), including human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), provide a new cell source for regenerative medicine, disease modeling, drug discovery, and preclinical toxicity screening. Understanding of the onset and the sequential process of hematopoietic cells from differentiated hPSCs will enable the achievement of personalized medicine and provide an in vitro platform for studying of human hematopoietic development and disease. During embryogenesis, hemogenic endothelial cells, a specified subset of endothelial cells in embryonic endothelium, are the primary source of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells. In this review, we discuss current status in the generation of multipotent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from hPSCs via hemogenic endothelial cells. We also review the achievements in direct reprogramming from non‐hematopoietic cells to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Further characterization of hematopoietic differentiation in hPSCs will improve our understanding of blood development and expedite the development of hPSC‐derived blood products for therapeutic purpose. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1179–1189, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mapping of somatostatin‐28 (1‐12) in the alpaca (Lama pacos) brainstem
Authors: De Souza Eliana , Sánchez Manuel Lisardo , Aguilar Luís Ángel , Díaz‐Cabiale Zaida , Narváez José Ángel , Coveñas Rafael 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTUsing an indirect immunoperoxidase technique, we studied the distribution of cell bodies and fibers containing somatostatin‐28 (1‐12) in the alpaca brainstem. Immunoreactive fibers were widely distributed throughout the whole brainstem: 34 brainstem nuclei/regions showed a high or a moderate density of these fibers. Perikarya containing the peptide were widely distributed throughout the mesencephalon, pons and medulla oblongata. Cell bodies containing somatostatin‐28 (1‐12) were observed in the lateral and medial divisions of the marginal nucleus of the brachium conjunctivum, reticular formation (mesencephalon, pons and medulla oblongata), inferior colliculus, periaqueductal gray, superior colliculus, pericentral division of the dorsal tegmental nucleus, interpeduncular nucleus, nucleus of the trapezoid body, vestibular nucleus, motor dorsal nucleus of the vagus, nucleus of the solitary tract, nucleus praepositus hypoglossi, and in the substantia nigra. This widespread distribution indicates that somatostatin‐28 (1‐12) is involved in multiple physiological actions in the alpaca brainstem.Microsc. Res. Tech. 78:363–374, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A comparative study on the self‐assembly of an amyloid‐like peptide at water–solid interfaces and in bulk solutions
Authors: Du Qiqige , Dai Bin , Hou Jiahua , Hu Jun , Zhang Feng , Zhang Yi 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn the past years the self‐assembly of amyloid‐like peptides has attracted increasing attentions, because it is highly related to neurodegenerative diseases and has a potential for serving as nanomaterial to fabricate novel and useful nanostructures. In this paper, we focused on the role of interfacial conditions in the self‐assembly of an amyloid‐like peptide, termed Pep11. It was found that, when dissolved in bulk solutions, Pep11 formed into β‐sheet structures and assembled into long filaments in several hours, as revealed by Thioflavin T fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) morphology characterization, respectively. When the peptide solution was added onto a mica/HOPG substrate, peptide filaments with three preferred orientations with an angle of 60° to each other were formed immediately, as imaged in situ by atomic force microscopy (AFM). However, the kinetics in filament formation and the morphologies of the formed beta sheet either on HOPG and mica or in bulk solutions were quite different. These results indicate that the interfacial properties dramatically affect the peptide self‐assembly process. Microsc. Res. Tech. 78:375–381, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Test–retest reliability of cerebral blood flow and blood oxygenation level‐dependent responses to hypercapnia and hyperoxia using dual‐echo pseudo‐continuous arterial spin labeling and step changes in the fractional composition of inspired gases
Authors: Tancredi Felipe B. , Lajoie Isabelle , Hoge Richard D. 
Published: March 2015

PurposeTo assess the reproducibility of blood oxygenation level‐dependent / cerebral blood flow (BOLD/CBF) responses to hypercapnia/hyperoxia using dual‐echo pseudo‐continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) and step changes in inspired doses.Materials and MethodsEight subjects were scanned twice, within 24 hours, using the same respiratory manipulation and imaging protocol. Imaging comprised a 5‐minute anatomical acquisition, allowing segmentation of the gray matter (GM) tissue for further analysis, and an 18‐minute pCASL functional scan. Hypercapnia/hyperoxia were induced by increasing the fraction of inspired CO2 to 5% and inspired O2 to 60%, alternately. Reproducibility of BOLD and CBF pCASL measures was assessed by computing the inter‐session coefficient of variation (CV) of the respective signals in GM.ResultsBOLD and CBF measures in GM were robust and consistent, yielding CV values below 10% for BOLD hypercapnic/hyperoxic responses (which averaged 1.9 ± 0.1% and 1.14 ± 0.02%) and below 20% for the CBF hypercapnic response (which averaged 35 ± 2 mL/min/100g). The CV for resting CBF was 3.5%.ConclusionIt is possible to attain reproducible measures of the simultaneous BOLD and CBF responses to blood gases, within a reasonable scan time and with whole brain coverage, using a simple respiratory manipulation and dual‐echo pCASL. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;42:1144–1157.
Effect of garlic powder on acrylamide formation in a low‐moisture model system and bread baking
Authors: Li Jinwang , Zuo Jie , Qiao Xuguang , Zhang Yongju , Xu Zhixiang 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDAcrylamide (AA) is of concern worldwide because of its neurotoxicity, genotoxicity and reproductive/developmental toxicity. Consequently, methods for minimizing AA formation during food processing are vital.RESULTSIn this study, the formation and elimination of AA in an asparagine/glucose low‐moisture model system were investigated by response surface methodology. The effect of garlic powder on the kinetics of AA formation/elimination was also evaluated. The AA content reached a maximum level (674.0 nmol) with 1.2 mmol of glucose and 1.2 mmol of asparagine after heating at 200 °C for 6 min. The AA content was greatly reduced with the addition of garlic powder. Compared to without garlic powder, an AA reduction rate of 43% was obtained with addition of garlic powder at a mass fraction of 0.05 g. Garlic powder inhibited AA formation during the generation‐predominant kinetic stage and had no effect on the degradation‐predominant kinetic stage. The effect of garlic powder on AA formation in bread and bread quality was also investigated. Adding a garlic powder mass fraction of 15 g to 500 g of dough significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the formation of AA (reduction rate of 46%) and had no obvious effect on the sensory qualities of the bread.CONCLUSIONThis study provides a possible method for reducing the AA content in bread and other heat‐treated starch‐rich foods. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Spatial ecology of endangered big‐headed turtles (Platysternon megacephalum): Implications of its vulnerability to illegal trapping
Authors: Sung Yik‐Hei , Hau Billy C. H. , Karraker Nancy E. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTMost populations of big‐headed turtles (Platysternon megacephalum), a species distributed in 6 countries in Southeast Asia, have been heavily depleted because of severe hunting pressure for the food and pet trade. As with many other Southeast Asian turtles, low densities of individuals and few remaining populations have limited our ability to study, and thus understand, the ecology of this stream‐dwelling species. We conducted a radiotelemetry study on 31 adult big‐headed turtles to investigate their home range, movements, and habitat use. The home ranges of big‐headed turtles were small, with a mean 100% home‐range length of 97 m and 100% minimum convex polygon size of 996 m2. Movements by male and female big‐headed turtles did not differ and both sexes moved longer distances in wet seasons than in dry seasons. Both males and females showed non‐random habitat use, preferring to stay in pools rather than in other in‐stream or terrestrial habitats. Stream width and depth, and substrate type affected microhabitat use. Big‐headed turtles were highly aquatic and movements in terrestrial habitats were rare. Thus, turtle populations are concentrated in streams where they may be easily targeted by illegal trappers. We recommend increasing patrol efforts along streams to remove any traps or fish hooks. Innovative methods, such as installation of infrared‐triggered cameras equipped with remote viewing near or along streams, may be needed to tackle illegal turtle trapping effectively. © 2015 The Wildlife Society.
DNA damage in blood cells exposed to low‐level lasers
Authors: Sergio Luiz Philippe da Silva , Silva Ana Paula Almeida da , Amorim Philipi Freitas , Campos Vera Maria Araújo , Magalhães Luis Alexandre Gonçalves , de Paoli Flavia , de Souza da Fonseca Adenilson 
Published: March 2015

Background and ObjectiveIn regenerative medicine, there are increasing applications of low‐level lasers in therapeutic protocols for treatment of diseases in soft and in bone tissues. However, there are doubts about effects on DNA, and an adequate dosimetry could improve the safety of clinical applications of these lasers. This work aimed to evaluate DNA damage in peripheral blood cells of Wistar rats induced by low‐level red and infrared lasers at different fluences, powers, and emission modes according to therapeutic protocols.Material and MethodsPeripheral blood samples were exposed to lasers and DNA damage was accessed by comet assay. In other experiments, DNA damage was accessed in blood cells by modified comet assay using formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg) and endonuclease III enzymes.ResultsData show that exposure to low‐level red and infrared lasers induce DNA damage depending on fluence, power and emission mode, which are targeted by Fpg and endonuclease III.ConclusionOxidative DNA damage should be considered for therapeutic efficacy and patient safety in clinical applications based on low‐level red and infrared lasers. Lasers Surg. Med. 47:361–368, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Boundedness in a two‐species chemotaxis system
Authors: Lin Ke , Mu Chunlai , Wang Liangchen 
Published: March 2015

This paper is concerned with the following coupled chemotaxis system

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma3429:mma3429-math-0001
with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions in a bounded domain Ω⊂Rn(n≥2) with smooth boundary, where λ, χ1, χ2, μ1, μ2, a1, a2, b1, and b2 are supposed to be positive and τ = 0,1.In the case τ = 0, based on some energy estimates for both u and v, it is shown that for any parameters, the system possesses a unique globally bounded solution if n = 2. Moreover, when τ = 1, relying on a comparison principle, for a range of parameters, the existence of a unique global bounded classical solution of problem is established for any n≥2 if Ω is convex. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Highly cis‐1,4‐selective polymerization of isoprene achieved using neodymium chloride 8‐hydroxyquinolines
Authors: Wang Zhonghua , Qian Yongqiang , Zhang Wenjuan , Wang Jiye , He Lixia , Lin Qingju , Sun Wen‐Hua 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIsoprene polymerization was conducted in the cis‐1,4‐selective manner by combining neodymium chloride with 8‐hydroxyquinoline derivatives and activating the system with triisobutylaluminium. The neodymium‐based complex pre‐catalysts with 8‐hydroxyquinoline derivatives were synthesized and characterized as well as the molecular structure of a representative complex using single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. All complexes exhibited high activity and stereospecificity (up to 97.3%) towards isoprene polymers with high molecular weight (105 g mol−1). The Al/Nd and isoprene/Nd molar ratios, reaction temperature and influence of 8‐hydroxyquinoline substituents were investigated for correlations with catalytic activities and molecular weights of the polyisoprenes obtained. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Investigation of laser ablation on boron emitters for n‐type rear‐junction PERT type silicon wafer solar cells
Authors: Chen Jia , Deckers Jan , Choulat Patrick , Kuzma‐Filipek Izabela , Aleman Monica , Uruena De Castro Angel , Du Zhe Ren , Duerinckx Filip , Hoex Bram , Szlufcik Jozef , Poortmans Jef , Aberle Armin G. 
Published: March 2015

Abstractn‐type silicon wafer solar cells are receiving increasing attention for industrial application in recent years, such as the n‐type rear‐junction Passivated Emitter Rear Totally‐diffused (PERT) solar cells. One of the main challenges in fabricating the n‐PERT solar cells is the opening of the rear dielectric for localized contacts. In this work laser ablation is applied to locally ablate the rear dielectric. We investigate the laser damage to the emitter at the laser‐ablated regions using the emitter saturation current density, J0e,laser, extracted by two approaches. J0e,laser is observed to be injection dependent due to high J02 recombination caused by laser damage to the space charge region. By using the optimized laser ablation parameters, n‐PERT solar cells with an efficiency of up to 21.0% are realized. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
pH‐ and β‐cyclodextrin‐responsive micelles based on polyaspartamide derivatives as drug carrier
Authors: Yu Huan , Sun Jian , Zhang Yunti , Zhang Guangyan , Chu Yanfeng , Zhuo Renxi , Jiang Xulin 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTA novel kind of graft polymer poly(aspartic acid)‐ethanediamine‐g‐adamantane/methyloxy polyethylene glycol (Pasp‐EDA‐g‐Ad/mPEG) was designed and synthesized for drug delivery in this study. The chemical structure of the prepared polymer was confirmed by proton NMR. The obtained polymer can self‐assemble into micelles which were stable under a physiological environment and displayed pH‐ and β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD)‐responsive behaviors because of the acid‐labile benzoic imine linkage and hydrophobic adamantine groups in the side chains of the polymer. The doxorubicin (Dox)‐loaded micelles showed a slow release under physiological conditions and a rapid release after exposure to weakly acidic or β‐CD environment. The in vitro cytotoxicity results suggested that the polymer was good at biocompatibility and could remain Dox biologically active. Hence, the Pasp‐EDA‐g‐Ad/mPEG micelles may be applied as promising controlled drug delivery system for hydrophobic antitumor drugs. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 1387–1395