bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Literatura infantil en la contemporaneidad: el mundo real de los niños
Authors: Rojas Camargo Sandra Milena , Saboya Alemán Sandra Hortencia 
Published: August 2015

<p>El artículo busca dar a conocer algunos aportes de teóricos expertos en el tema de la literatura infantil en la contemporaneidad, tópico de vital importancia para educadores, estudiantes y todo aquel que se apasione por el mundo de las letras. Dando respuesta a los siguientes cuestionamientos: ¿Qué se entiende por este tipo de literatura? ¿Qué significa ser lector y escritor de literatura infantil? ¿Cómo se caracteriza el libro álbum? Este texto sustenta como dicha noción está en construcción. Quienes se adentren en el contenido de este artículo encontrarán los elementos que comienzan a definir un concepto de literatura infantil en la contemporaneidad. </p>
The Influence of the Oenococcus Oeni Malolactic Bacteria in Modelling the Flavor of White Wine
Authors: Lengyel Ecaterina 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The research investigated the accumulation of malic acid and diacetyl in the white wines during the alcoholic fermentation of must with a Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine yeasts isolated by the author and Oenococcus oeni malolactic bacteria in a concentration of 106 CFU/mL. The two aroma compounds were detected and quantified in the resulting wines, making a comparison between the two technological systems, i.e.: co-inoculation of malolactic bacteria and sequential inoculation. Based on our determinations, it was ascertained that the Oenococcus oeni malolactic bacteria co-inoculation system in fermentative processes leads to a substantial reduction of malolactic bacteria and diacetyl concentrations. Thus, harmonious, balanced white wines are obtained, as specific to the area.
Animal Carcass Pricing Grid. Evidences from the Romanian Pigmeat Market
Authors: Savescu Roxana , Ploetz Georg 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Until the introduction of SEUROP system, price negotiation between pig producers and slaughterhouses was based on two subjective criteria: animal weight and visual inspection of the quality of pigs. To ensure producers a fair payment, European Union created the possibility of binding the price on two objective factors: carcass weight and carcass composition. This paper describes the pricing mechanism developed by Romania in order to respond to European Union requirements for ensuring a fair payment to pig producers. It raises the attention on the difficulties encountered by the producers in understanding the way the commercial value of a pig carcass is calculated in case the selling price is negotiated on a flat rate basis or on a lean content basis (per kg of carcass weight or per kg of live weight).
External Quality Assessment Programs in the US with an emphasis on urinary sediment testing: the College of American Pathologists experience
Authors: Glassy Eric F. , Blomberg David J. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The College of American Pathologists (CAP) has maintained the highest standards for laboratory medicine through education, evaluation, and certification. One form of External Quality Assurance – proficiency testing (PT) – is the centerpiece of that mission. Over 500 medical and scientific experts oversee CAP PT programs which include more than 600 tests performed by 22,000 laboratories in over 100 countries. It is the most comprehensive laboratory peer-review comparison program in the world. The CAP offers four urine sediment PT products tailored to the needs of different laboratories. Each includes three or four digital images, shipped twice a year. The program is overseen by the Hematology and Clinical Microscopy Resource Committee. Images are graded if there is 80% or greater consensus of either referee or participant laboratories. Failing laboratories must analyze the reasons for the failure, report the results, and initiate corrective action. Over the years, there has been a progressive decline in the number of errors, demonstrating that education and regulatory oversight are major contributors to improved PT performance and, by extension, patient care. The PT urine sediment image databank is a unique resource, representing the consensus of many laboratories. Participant and referee responses identify which morphologic variants are unambiguous and which are more difficult to classify. The PT challenges include discussions of disease pathophysiology and key morphologic features. This teaching component is what helps to set the CAP’s program apart. The discussions formed the basis for the Color Atlas of Urinary Sediment published by the CAP in 2010.
Synthesis, Photo-sensitive and Electrochemical Properties of Rod-like Aromatic Aldehyde with Azo Bridge
Authors: Zheng Minyan , Wei Yongsheng , Geng Wei 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Eight new rod-like liquid crystal molecules composed by a long rigid core of three six-member rings (cyclohexane ring or benzene ring), azo, ester and terminal aldehyde groups have been prepared. These rod-like liquid crystalline molecules were designed to construct new structures to further study photo-isomerization in their mesophases. All the compounds have been characterized based on their basic spectral data, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and hot stage polarizing optical microscope (HS-POM). The result showed that all the molecules, even those with the shortest terminal methyl group, have liquid crystalline properties. Their mesophases are nematic within the temperature ranges from 85 to 145°C. They exhibit photo-sensitivities not only in methanol solutions but also in a mesophase when exposed to UV light. The highest occupied orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied orbital (LUMO) and the differences between the frontier molecular orbitals (Eg) of these compounds were determined by cyclic voltammetry. The effect of even-odd carbon number of the terminal straight alkyl chain on the UV spectral data and the Eg were observed. The difference between the Eg of these compounds are in excellent agreement with the difference of their maximum absorption wavelength in UV spectra.
Formality and the Lefschetz property in
symplectic and cosymplectic geometry
Authors: Bazzoni Giovanni , Fernández Marisa , Muñoz Vicente 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
We review topological properties of Kähler and symplectic manifolds, and of their odd-dimensional
counterparts, coKähler and cosymplectic manifolds. We focus on formality, Lefschetz property and parity of
Betti numbers, also distinguishing the simply-connected case (in the Kähler/symplectic situation) and the
b1 = 1 case (in the coKähler/cosymplectic situation).
No Neuron Left Behind: A genetic approach to higher precision topological mapping of self-organizing maps
Authors: Gorman Chris , Rogers Clint , Valova Iren 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Self-organizing maps are extremely useful in the
field of pattern recognition. They become less useful, however,
when neurons fail to activate during training. This
phenomenon occurs when neurons are initialized in areas
of non-input and are far enough away from the input
data to never move toward the input. These neurons effectively
misrepresent the data set. This results in, among
other things, patterns becoming unrecognizable.We introduce
an algorithm called No Neuron Left Behind to solve
this problem.We show that our algorithm produces a more
accurate topological representation of the input space.We
also show that no neuron clusters form in areas of noninput
and that mapping quality of the SOM increases drastically
when our algorithm is implemented. Finally, the
running time of NNLB is better or comparable to classic
SOM without it.
Experimental determination of thermal turbulence effects on a
propagating laser beam
Authors: Ndlovu Sphumelele C. , Chetty Naven 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The effect of turbulence on propagating laser
beams has been a subject of interest since the evolution of
lasers back in 1959. In this work, an inexpensive and reliable
technique for producing interferograms using a point
diffraction interferometer (PDI) was considered to experimentally
study the turbulence effects on a laser beam
propagating through air. The formed interferograms from
a propagating beamwere observed and digitally processed
to study the strength of atmospheric turbulence. This technique
was found to be sensitive enough to detect changes
in applied temperature with distance between the simulated
turbulence and laser path. These preliminary findings
indicated that we can use a PDI method to detect
and localise atmospheric turbulence parameters. Such parameters
are very important for use in the military (defence
laser weapons) and this is vital for South Africa (SA)
since it has natural resources, is involved in peace keeping
and mediation for other countries, and hence must have
a strong defence system that will be able to locate, detect
and destroy incoming missiles and other threatening atmospheric
systems in order to protect its environment and
avoid the initiation of countermeasures on its land.
A note on certain ergodicity coeflcients
Authors: Tudisco Francesco 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
We investigate two ergodicity coefficients ɸ ∥∥ and τn−1, originally introduced to bound the subdominant
eigenvalues of nonnegative matrices. The former has been generalized to complex matrices in recent
years and several properties for such generalized version have been shown so far.We provide a further result
concerning the limit of its powers. Then we propose a generalization of the second coefficient τ n−1 and we
show that, under mild conditions, it can be used to recast the eigenvector problem Ax = x as a particular
M-matrix linear system, whose coefficient matrix can be defined in terms of the entries of A. Such property
turns out to generalize the two known equivalent formulations of the Pagerank centrality of a graph.
The Capabilities, Uses, and Effects of the Nation's Criminalistics Laboratories
Authors: Peterson JL , Mihajlovic S , Bedrosian JL 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
All criminalistics laboratories in the United States were surveyed and asked to provide information about their service characteristics, personnel, evidence caseloads, involvement in research, and opinions concerning the usefulness of forensic science evidence in administration of justice. The data indicate that the rapid expansion of crime laboratory facilities in the 1970s has subsided, but the number of scientific personnel continues to rise. Laboratories appear to be relatively successful in updating and acquiring new scientific instrumentation. Drug and alcohol cases constitute practically two thirds of laboratory caseloads. Laboratories engage in a minimal level of research and writing. Respondents believe forensic science evidence to have the greatest impact in homicide and rape cases at trial and prosecutors and police investigators to have the best understanding of it.
Fates of Assailants of U.S. Presidents
Authors: Felthous AR 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Public outrage has been mounting in recent years over the increasing number of violent crimes and assassination attempts. Before the 1982 Hinckley verdict, criticisms over merits of the insanity defense were escalating. Immediately afterwards some inaccurate news reports and hyperbole by public figures added to the popular perception that the insanity defense and psychiatric testimony have allowed notorious offenders more favorable dispositions, or perhaps even to go “scot-free.” Systematic review of fates of prior Presidential assailants demonstrates that both legal and extralegal consequences for their violent acts have been severe. Some inferences are discussed.
A Diagnostic Study of Robbers
Authors: Harry B 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The author reviews some of the literature on robbers and their offenses, and presents an original study of all 13 robbers referred to a maximum security hospital for pretrial psychiatric evaluation during 1 year. When compared with non-substance-abusers, accused robbers who abused alcohol or drugs tended to be younger, use weapons more often, and commit more robberies as an afterthought to other violent offenses against private citizens. Methods similar to the one used here might be helpful in understanding the relationships between other offenses and diagnoses.
Discontinuous Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis for Typing Haptoglobin in Bloodstains
Authors: Budowle B , Chow GH 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A routine method is described for obtaining reproducible haptoglobin patterns from bloodstains by discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. By employing a stacking gel, proteins from bloodstain extracts are concentrated into narrow zones, before entering the resolving gel. This effect yields highly resolved haptoglobin patterns. Therefore, laboratories without the specialized equipment and expertise for polyacrylamide gradient gel preparation can still obtain highly resolved haptoglobin patterns from bloodstains.
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Heroin's D Ring
Authors: Allen AC , Cooper DA , Moore JM 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) chemical shifts and coupling constants of heroin's (1) D ring H-15α, H-15β, and H-16α, and H-16β are presented. These assignments were accessible through the introduction of a double bond (Δ15,16) in heroin. The resulting compound, Δ15,16 didehydroheroin (2), was subjected to deuterium exchange or stereoselective reduction or both. Reduced products d1-16αheroin (3), d2-15α, 15β-heroin (4), and d3-15α, 15β, 16α-heroin (5) are presented. Heroin with deuterated acetyls is also presented for 1H NMR spectral clarity in the D ring area.
An Interesting Gunshot Residue Pattern
Authors: Briner RC 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The presence of lead, copper, and antimony (Sb, Cu, and Pb) was shown on the left back and right palm by use of anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). These data are consistent with a cross overhand held weapon (left over right). The use of ASV for gunshot residue (trace elements) is an alternative approach in that it allows observation of the entire three element (Sb, Cu. Pb) pattern.
The Assymetrical Remodelling of Two Neurosurgical Burr Holes: A Case Study
Authors: Sauer NJ , Dunlap SS 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A human skull identified as that of a 16-year-old female who had been reported missing about 3 years before the discovery of the specimen displayed evidence for the assymetrical remodelling of bilateral neurosurgical burr holes. While one of the holes retained its original size and shape, gross evidence for the contralateral lesion had virtually disappeared. Initially, the open lesion was mistakenly suspected to be a recent bullet hole.
Cannabinoids in Blood and Urine after Passive Inhalation of Cannabis Smoke
Authors: Mørland J , Bugge A , Skuterud B , Steen A , Wethe GH , Kjeldsen T 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
To test the possibility that cannabinoids are detectable following passive inhalation of Cannabis smoke the following study was performed. Five healthy volunteers who had previously never used Cannabis, passively inhaled Cannabis smoke for 30 min. Cannabis smoke was provided by other subjects smoking either marijuana or hashish cigarettes in a small closed car, containing approximately 1650 L of air. Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) could be detected in the blood of all passive smokers immediately after exposure in concentrations ranging from 1.3 to 6.3 ng/mL. At the same time total blood cannabinoid levels (assayed by radioimmunoassay [RIA]) were higher than 13 ng/mL in four of the volunteers. Both THC and cannabinoid blood concentrations fell close to the cutoff limits of the respective assays during the following 2 h. Passive inhalation also resulted in the detection of cannabinoids in the urine by RIA and enzyme multiple immunoassay technique (EMIT®) assays (above 13 and 20 ng/mL, respectively). It is concluded that the demonstration of cannabinoids in blood or urine is no unequivocal proof of active Cannabis smoking.
Brain Concentrations of Cocaine and Benzoylecgonine in Fatal Cases
Authors: Spiehler VR , Reed D 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Since cocaine in blood rapidly hydrolyzes to benzoylecgonine, cocaine concentrations determined in postmortem blood may not reflect the presence or concentration of cocaine in the body at the time of death. The interpretative value of the determination of cocaine and benzoylecgonine in brain tissue was investigated. Cocaine and benzoylecgonine were quantitated by coextraction and formation of the propyl derivative of benzoylecgonine followed by selected ion monitoring gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) using electron ion impact ionization. Cocaine and benzoylecgonine were found to be evenly distributed throughout the brain. Cocaine and benzoylecgonine concentrations were stable in frozen brain tissue (−4°C) on reanalysis after 1 to 3 months of storage, and in refrigerated tissue (10°C) after 30 days of storage. Blood, brain, and liver concentrations of cocaine and benzoylecgonine in 37 cocaine overdose cases and 46 cases in which cocaine was incidental to the cause of death were reviewed. The ratios of cocaine/benzoylecgonine in the toxic cases (brain mean 14.7 and blood mean 0.64) were clearly different from those found in the incidental cases (brain mean 0.87 and blood mean 0.27). The brain/blood ratios of cocaine and benzoylecgonine concentrations generally were characteristic of the time elapsed since cocaine dosing. In cocaine overdose cases, the mean ratio was 9.6 for cocaine and 0.36 for benzoylecgonine. These are within the range found in animal studies for brain/blood ratios of cocaine and benzoylecgonine 0.5 to 2 h after cocaine administration. In incidental cases, the brain/blood ratios were mean 2.5 for cocaine and 1.4 for benzoylecgonine. These ratios confirm the accumulation of benzoylecgonine in brain tissue and its persistence in the body after disappearance of the parent drug.
Female Homicide-Suicide Perpetrators: A Controlled Study
Authors: Fishbain DA , Rao VJ , Aldrich TE 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The record files of the Dade County Medical Examiner Department were reviewed and 133 homicide-suicides were identified. Of these, ten (or 7.5%) were female perpetrated. The chart data of these 10 female homicide-suicide perpetrators, chart data of 50 female homicide-suicide victims, and 50 female individual suicides systematically selected as controls were tabulated using a standardized instrument. The results were analyzed for differences using simple statistical methods. The comparisons revealed that female homicide-suicide perpetrators were more likely than female homicide-suicide victims to live in mobile homes, kill their lover or ex-lover, have their crime accidentally discovered, leave a suicide note, kill on a weekend, and be depressed, but are less likely than female homicide-suicide victims to live with a spouse. Additionally, female homicide-suicide perpetrators were more likely than individual female suicides to live in mobile homes but less likely to live alone and to be depressed.
Solid Dosage Forms: 1975–1983
Authors: Franzosa ES 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The changes in the types and drug content of solid dosage forms as analyzed in the ballistics program at the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Special Testing and Research Laboratory from 1975 to 1983 are discussed. Trends and patterns in stimulants, depressants, and hallucinogenic drugs are explained.
An Agarose Gel Electrophoretic Method for Typing Phosphoglucomutase-1, Esterase D, or Glyoxalase I
Authors: Budowle B 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A conventional agarose gel electrophoretic method was described for typing phosphoglucomutase-1, esterase D, or glyoxalase I as single systems. Bloodstain extracts were absorbed into 1-mm-thick agarose gels via an application mask. The electrode wick distance was 12 cm and electrophoresis was carried out at 400 V at 6°C. The electrophoretic run times were 30 min for glyoxalase and 1 h for esterase D or phosphoglucomutase. This method is reliable and produces highly resolved band patterns. Additionally, the shorter separation times as a result of the increased voltage gradient permitted typing of more samples in a given time period compared with presently used methods. This technique requires little technical expertise and can be incorporated into the laboratory at a minimal cost.
Immunofixation of Complement Component C3 Phenotypes in Bloodstains After Cellulose Acetate Electrophoresis
Authors: Morrison R , Noppinger K , Brown MG 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The determination of the polymorphic C3 phenotypes was accomplished by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate followed by immunofixation. The three common phenotypes resulting from the two common codominant alleles C3S and C3F were clearly distinguishable in blood and bloodstain samples. Storage and degradation of C3 in blood samples as well as the stability of C3 in dried bloodstains is discussed.
A Correlation Between Shoeprint Measurements and Actual Sneaker Size
Authors: VanHoven H 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Any correlation of shoeprint to sneaker size must first begin with an examination of sneaker measurements and their relationship to sneaker size. Once this has been established, the relationship between sneaker size and shoeprint measurements in various receiving surfaces can be examined. The purpose then, of this paper, is to form some frame of reference to equate shoeprint to sneaker size.
The Distribution of Staff Time Between Treatment and Security Functions for a Maximum Security Forensic Service: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Miller RD , Schmidt J , Eklof M , Morrow B , Schwanz C 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Despite the number of secure psychiatric facilities in operation, there has been little in the literature that discusses the interface between security and treatment. After the establishment of a new maximum security forensic psychiatric facility at Mendota Mental Health Institute, a study of the breakdown of security and treatment duties of clinical staff was undertaken. The authors report the results of this study, and discuss ways in which to improve communications and cooperation between security and clinical staff.
The Comparison of Round-Hole Perforations of Postage Stamps
Authors: Owens MC 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The comparison of round-hole perforations is discussed in terms of a case involving threatening and obscene anonymous letters sent to a young girl. The disguised, block style hand-printed letters could not be successfully compared with the suspect's normal handprinting. The last communication to the victim was a handwritten letter, subsequently identified with the suspect. A comparison was made between the postage stamp on the handwritten letter, now of known origin, with the postage stamps on each of the six anonymous letters.
A Review of Forensic Medicine for Lawyers
Authors: McCloskey KL 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
No American trial attorney worth his salt could fail to have his fantasies stirred by a title such as Forensic Medicine for Lawyers: “… Ah, at last a working resource to guide all future deposition and cross-exam preparation. Never again, the fears of hopelessness and helplessness when facing my opponent's forensic expert.”