bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Melanopsin retinal ganglion cells and circadian dysfunction in Alzheimer´s disease
Authors: LA MORGIA C , GALLASSI R , SAMBATI L , PROVINI F , ROSS‐CISNEROS FN , PAN B , BARBONI P , AVANZINI P , CANTALUPO G , HANNIBAL J , SADUN A , CARELLI V 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To evaluate optic nerve and in particular melanopsin retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs) in relation to rest‐activity rhythm in Alzheimer disease (AD).Methods Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measurements by optical coherence tomography were performed in 21 AD and 74 age‐matched controls. Actigraphic monitoring was performed in 16 AD patients and 10 age‐matched controls. Non‐parametric methods were applied to assess interdaily stability (IS), intradaily variability (IV) and relative amplitude (RA) of rest‐activity rhythm. We also performed immunohistochemical analysis of mRGCs and axonal count on optic nerve cross‐sections in 14 neuropathologically confirmed AD and 13 control post‐mortem retinas.Results OCT evaluation showed reduced average (p=0.03) and superior (p=0.005) RNFL thickness in AD patients. Actigraphic monitoring demonstrated an increased IV (p=0.04) and reduced RA (p=0.04) in AD. Furthermore, AD patients were significantly less active during the day (p=0.03). Considering the patients with at least one circadian parameter outside the 2SD from the mean of controls, we found a significant correlation between IV, average (p=0.035), superior (p=0.045) and inferior (p=0.017) RNFL thickness. Melanopsin RGCs density was significantly reduced, independently from age, in AD retinas (p=0.003) and AD optic nerves showed variable degree of age‐related axonal loss.Conclusion We demonstrated a subclinical optic nerve involvement in AD patients, both by OCT and histopathology. We also documented rest‐activity circadian dysfunction in AD patients. Post‐mortem investigation revealed loss of mRGCs and RGCs with a different pattern in AD. The reduction of mRGCs may contribute to circadian rhythm dysfunction in AD.
Vitrectomy for R.D. in eyes with different/unusual IOLs
Authors: GEORGALAS I 
Published: November 2013

AbstractRetinal detachment is one of the most serious complications of cataract surgery. Vitreous changes such as ‘anterior movement’ or ‘protuberance of the posterior surface of the vitreous’ have been postulated to occur, and cause posterior vitreous detachment which subsequently may lead to an increased incidence of retinal detachment in pseudophakic eyes. Additionally , several intraocular lenses(IOLs) such as multifocal, iris fixated or scleral fixated IOLs are more and more used by cataract surgeons. Retinal detachment in these eyes pose a new therapeutic challenge to vitreoretinal surgeons.
Problems in vitrectomy and gas for the treatment of Ps RDs
Authors: THEOCHARIS IP 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe use of gas as a tamponade in vitreoretinal surgery is a major tool in the treatment of rhegmatogenous retina detachment (RRD),but it does not lack problems intraoperatively and postoperatively.The intraoperative problems include the risk of hypotony, poor visualization, dislocation of IOLs, rupture of zonules, the risk of compromising the choroidal and retinal circulation, the presence of a gas bubble in the anterior chamber.Postoperative problems are the lack of clear vision due to the gas bubbles'light reflections, the necessity of avoiding high amplitudes (ie flights),and may include high intraocular pressure, hypotony, inadequate filling of the vitreous cavity, dislocation of IOL, iris capture, contact of the gas with the cornea endothelium, dehydration of the retina, toxicity.Now adays our experience in treating RRDs with gas, make the problems arising from its use rare and reversible and its use the most popular among the vitreoretinal surgeons and patients.
Scleral buckle vs primary vitrectomy in PRDs
Authors: PARIKAKIS EA 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPseudophakic retinal detachments seem to have a lower rate of surgical repair due to missed retinal breaks and increased risk of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Scleral buckling is a practically unchanged low‐budget procedure and was the gold standard in the past, but it involves ocular motility disturbances and refractive changes and needs certain surgical skills and experience. Primary small gauge vitrectomy in pseudophakia rapidly gains ground, as it is an easy, controlled surgical technique with less pain and the surgeon feels confident to have a complete intraoperative retinal attachment. In order to find the current role of conventional surgery in pseudophakic retinal detachments, scleral buckling has to be compared with vitrectomy alone as well as the combined procedure of vitrectomy plus encircling band, in terms of reattachment rate, functional outcome, reoperations and proliferative vitreoretinopathy incidence. Young patients, having clear lens extraction for myopia correction and post ‐traumatic cases with ora dialysis seem to be a reasonable group for conventional management.
360 degrees prophylactic laser retinopexy during the surgery for the treatment of pseudophakic retinal detachment
Authors: KOURENTIS C , XIROU T 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis is to identify whether 360 degrees prophylactic laser retinopexy during the surgery for the treatment of pseudophakic retinal detachment is predictive for the anatomical and functional outcome. May prophylactic laser treatment be protective for the occurrence of a retinal redetachment?
Does generic latanorpost measure up to the branded, well‐known Xalatan?
Authors: MARINESCU C , POURJAVAN S 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To compare the therapeutic efficacy of 0,005% Latanoprost versus Xalatan in the treatment of patients with OHT,POAG or secondary open‐angle glaucoma.Methods A prospective, single‐center, crossover, two period comparative study including 21 eyes of 13 patients. The patients from our glaucoma outpatient clinic, treated with Xalatan monotherapy were proposed to switch their treatment to 0,005% Latanoprost for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, they were treated again in monotherapy with Xalatan. The IOP was measured during baseline (Xalatan1), after 6 weeks with the generic (Lat), and again after reintroducing the original medication, Xalatan for 6 weeks, (Xalatan 2). Two consecutive intraocular pressure (IOP) measures were taken during each control at 8 and 10 o’clock am. The primary end‐point was the IOP variations between the brand name and the generic after the 12w. The Anova test was used to assess the differenceResults The mean age was of 67±13 years. 7 men and 6 women were included in this study. The mean IOP at baseline was 15,2± 2.7 mmHg with Xalatan. The mean IOP measurements after switching to Latanoprost and crossover to Xalatan were respectively 17.6 ± 3.5 mmHg and 15.3 ± 2.6 mmHg. There was, on average, an increase of IOP of 2.89 ± 1.2 mmHg with Latanoprost. This difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusion Our first results showed an increased of IOP in patients switching from Xalatan to Latanoprost. This is of major importance in treatment of the patients with glaucoma. The patients who are not accurately treated with one drop tend to have multiple drops which affects negatively the quality of life of the patient, the compliance, the persistence and causes neg
24h IOP control by subchronic AMA0076 administration in Dutch Belted rabbits
Authors: VAN DE VELDE S , VAN BERGEN T , HOLLANDERS K , SIJNAVE D , VANDEWALLE E , MOONS L , STALMANS I 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To investigate IOP lowering efficacy of rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitors, AMA0076 and Y‐39983, after subchronic treatment.Methods Dutch Belted rabbits (5 rabbits/concentration) were treated daily with a single topical dose of AMA0076 (0.05, 0.1 and 0.4%) or Y‐39983 (0.025, 0.05 and 0.1%) in a masked fashion for 14 days. Saline was used as control in the contralateral eye. IOP was measured before, 3 and 7 hours after administration of the treatment. AMA0076 is a locally acting ROCK inhibitor, to reduce side effects such as hyperemia otherwise seen after administration of a ROCK inhibitor.Results Mean baseline IOP before the start of the experiment was 21.02 ± 0.42 and 20.69 ± 0.39 mmHg for AMA0076 and Y‐39983, respectively. Significant IOP reduction was observed in all AMA0076 and Y‐39983 treatment groups. A maximal IOP reduction of 39 and 35% was reached with AMA0076 0.1% and Y‐39983 0.05%, respectively. Initially, IOP returned to baseline values 24h after administration of AMA0076. After 3 days of treatment with AMA0076 a sustained IOP lowering effect was present, IOP did not return to baseline values, but remained significantly lower for all concentrations of AMA0076 (p<0.05). Treatment with Y‐39983 did not show this sustained IOP decrease. As a result of this sustained IOP lowering effect smaller IOP fluctuations were observed in animals treated with AMA0076 compared to Y‐39983. Hyperemia was observed with all concentrations of Y‐39983 whereas only mild hyperemia was induced after administration of AMA0076 0.4%.Conclusion Once daily treatment of rabbits with ROCK inhibitor AMA0076 resulted in IOP reduction that was more sustained and associated with smaller peak‐through fluctuations than Y‐39983.
SYL040012, a siRNA for the treatment of glaucoma
Authors: PAñEDA C 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose SYL040012 is a siRNA under developed for the treatment of glaucoma and increased intraocular pressure (IOP). siRNAs are small double stranded RNAs that regulate protein expression at transcription level using the endogenous RNA interference machinery. Therapeutically siRNAs are attractive due to their specificity, potency and ability to silence targets that are not addressable by small molecules. SYL040012 targets ADRB2, a well‐known target for glaucoma.Methods Silencing activity of SYL040012 was validated in cell lines and IOP lowering efficacy was studied in rabbit. Silencing activity was assessed by extracting total RNA from cells or animal tissues and analyzed by real time‐PCR. IOP was measured using applanation tonometry. Tissue and plasma exposure was evaluated following a single instillation to rabbits using a non‐denaturing Anion Exchange HPLC combined with fluorescence detection. 28‐day regulatory toxicology studies were performed in cynomolgus monkeys following a daily ocular instillation of one of three doses of SYL040012 or vehicle. Phase I clinical trials were performed in healthy volunteers or individuals with increased IOP that received either a single dose or seven repeated administrations of SYL040012.Results SYL040012 reaches structures of the eye relevant to the treatment of glaucoma when administered in eye drops; but is only detected in systemic circulation and non‐ocular tissues at trace levels. Presence of this compound in the ciliary body it results in specific down‐regulation of the target gene and reduction in IOP in animal models. Preclinical and clinical studies show that SYL040012 is well tolerated both systemically and locally.Conclusion In summary, SYL040012 is a promising candidate for the treatment of increased intraocular pressure associated to glaucoma.
Commercial interest
Validation of Testvision, an internet‐based test for the detection of visual field loss
Authors: OLSEN AS , LA COUR M , SERUP L , ALBERTI M , DAMATO B , KOLKO M 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose The aim of the present study was to determine if the program Damato Testvision (DT), www.testvision.org, adequately detects visual field loss from glaucoma.Methods DT is available in three versions and was tested on 97 patients (188 eyes). The procedure was performed with a laptop connected to a computer monitor and a mouse placed on a height adjustable table. To determine sensitivity and specificity DT was compared to two gold standards: 1; Hodapp, Parrish and Anderson classification (Hodapp) of Humphrey 30:2 and 2; doctors' diagnoses.Results A total of 361 DT Standard tests were performed on 115 eyes. DT comparisons with Hodapp achieved sensitivity and specificity of 55% and 93% respectively when comparing no disease to early glaucomatous loss (AUC; 0,871). If early loss was merged with the no disease group, the sensitivity and specificity were 78% and 90% respectively (AUC; 0.931) Compared to the doctors' diagnosis DT achieved sensitivity and specificity of 52%; 96% respectively when borderline patients were classified in the glaucoma group (AUC; 0,867). If borderline patients were classified as controls: DT achieved sensitivity and specificity of 63%; 92% (AUC; 0,897).Conclusion Our study indicates that DT may be a promising tool to detect visual field defects in a pre‐selected population. The test is successful without prior training of the test person but minimal computer knowledge is advisable. The authors believe that internet based visual field examination may play a role as an easy accessible and affordable test. With further development, DT could be a tool for glaucoma screening in the home setting. Future studies need to evaluate DTs performance in the general population without prior selection.
The treatment of retinoblastoma with intravenous chemotherapy + local treatment
Authors: DESJARDINS L , LUMBROSOLEROUIC L , LEVY C , CASSOUX N , AERTS I , SAVIGNONI A , DENDALE R , SASTRE X 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPatients and method: Treatments protocols applied since 1995 included intraveinous chemotherapy at various dosages with local ophthalmological treatment by transpupillary thermotherapy, cryotherapy and iodine 125 plaque brachytherapy. The data concerning initial findings, treatments used, and results are registered in our database in a prospective way. We performed a retrospective study of children treated between January 1995 and December 2009. Results: There were 317 patients with bilateral retinoblastoma and 411 patients with unilateral retinoblastoma. The median follow up is 72 months. Median age at diagnosis was 7 month for bilateral and 20 months for unilateral. In bilateral patients, 104 had conservative management of both eyes, 204 had a conservative management of one eye and enucleation of the fellow eye and 9 had bilateral enucleation. Among the 312 eyes treated conservatively, 83 eyes were irradiated and 13 had secondary enucleation. (Success rate 70%) Among 411 unilateral retinoblastoma, 87(21%) were treated conservatively. 71 eyes were preserved (67 without external beam and 4 with external beam) (success rate 77%) Conclusion: Chemotherapy associated to local ophthalmological treatments is efficient in the
Pentacam measurements and IOL scattering
Authors: BAUMEISTER M 
Published: November 2013

AbstractRigid and foldable intraocular lenses of various materials have shown light scattering phenomena such as surface light scattering and glistenings. The impact of these phenomena on visual function is under controversial discussion. The scattering of light in an IOL can be measured in various ways. In many studies, subjective grading at the slit‐lamp has been used to quantify the intensity of scattering. More recently, evaluation of high‐resolution digital Scheimpflug images has been able to provide an objective assessment of scatter and material inhomogeneities. Better quantification of these phenomena may achieve more meaningful correlations to results of functional measurements.
Who really introduced pneumatic retinopexy for retinal detachment outpatient management?
Authors: ASCASO F 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe history of Ophthalmology recognizes Dr. George F. Hilton as the first author to report a series of retinal detachments treated by pneumatic retinopexy (Ophthalmology 1986 May;93(5):626‐41). Nevetheless, one and a half years before, Dr. Alfredo Domínguez published in Spanish two papers about gas surgery used in the office to treat "conventional" cases of retinal detachment (Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 1985;48:47‐54 and Studium Ophthalmologicum 1985, 2ºépoca;IV:11‐18). Our purpose is to give him his due and return his scientific priority.
What's new in atopic keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: BREMOND‐GIGNAC D 
Published: November 2013

AbstractSpecific clinical features of atopic keratoconjunctivitis are well known in adults and lead to a severe ocular surface impairment. However in children’s keratoconjunctivitis, even if common vernal keratoconjunctivitis form predominates, some pediatric presentation differs and must be individualised. A complete clinical evaluation has to be precised for a better knowledge of the prognosis of the disease. Different new explorations physiopathological mechanisms are detailed in the pathology. This evaluation allows a better adjustment of the treatment.
Molecular sensors for the decoding of homeostasis disruptions in the retinal pigment epithelium: towards the understanding of retinal degenerative diseases
Authors: BAZAN N 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe significance of the selective enrichment in omega‐3 essential fatty acids DHA, docosahexaenoic acid) in photoreceptor cells has remained, until recently, incompletely understood. We contributed to the discovery of a docosanoid synthesized from DHA by 15‐lipoxygenase‐1, which we dubbed neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1: 10R,17S‐dihydroxy‐docosa‐4Z,7Z,11E,13E,15E,19Z hexaenoic acid). NPD1 is promptly made on demand when homeostasis is at stake, as in oxidative stress ,proteostasis dysfunctions and in early stages of neural injury, ischemia‐reperfusion or neurodegenerations. Thus NPD1 is a protective sentinel, one of the very first defenses activated when cell homeostasis is threatened . The availability of anti‐apoptotic BCL‐2 proteins is positively modulated by NPD1, whereas pro‐apoptotic BCL‐2 proteins are negatively regulated, as is activated microglia. Neurodegenerative diseases, in addition to enhancing oxidative stress, disrupt the proteostasis network and leads to a cellular inability to scavenge structurally damaged abnormal proteins. The RPE cell response cascade potentiates disruptors of homeostasis through multiple checkpoints and signaling networks. NPD1 , a key component of this response and of the lipidomic signature, targets neuroinflammatory signaling and proteostasis and in turn promotes homeostatic regulation of the transcription of key genes that in turn act as molecular decoders of input, and thus results in cell survival. (Supported by NIH: NINDS R01 NS046741, NEI R01 EY005121)
Bevacizumab together with MMC may have complementary effects in the improvement of surgical outcome after glaucoma filtration surgery
Authors: VAN BERGEN T , HOLLANDERS K , SIJNAVE D , VAN DE VELDE S , VANDEWALLE E , MOONS L , STALMANS I 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose We first compared the effect of mitomycin‐C (MMC) versus bevacizumab on the surgical outcome of glaucoma filtration surgery (GFS). Secondly, the complementary effects of MMC and anti‐VEGF therapy were investigated.Methods The effect of bevacizumab and MMC on surgical outcome was investigated in a mouse model of GFS. The 1st group received a subconjunctival (SC) injection of bevacizumab (1 µl; 25 µg); the 2nd group was treated during surgery with MMC (sponge soaked with MMC 0.02% for 2 minutes). Group 3 received a combination of MMC and a SC bevacizumab injection. Treatment outcome was studied by clinical investigation of bleb area and survival every other day. (Immuno)stainings were performed to study angiogenesis (CD31) and fibrosis (Sirius Red) on postoperative day 14 and 30. VEGF‐levels after MMC treatment were measured in rabbit aqueous humor (AH) samples by ELISA.Results Bevacizumab and MMC were equally effective in improving surgical outcome. In both groups, bleb area was significantly improved with 53%, compared to control (NaCl). Blood vessel density and fibrosis were equally reduced, with 37% and 22%, respectively. Remarkably, one day after surgery, VEGF levels were significantly increased with 90% in the AH of MMC‐treated eyes compared to control treated eyes. As compared to MMC monotherapy, combination of MMC and bevacizumab was able to increase bleb area with 18% by an additional reduction of angiogenesis and fibrosis, with 17% and 10%, respectively.Conclusion Our data suggest that bevacizumab together with MMC may have complementary effects, due to upregulation of VEGF after MMC treatment.
Risk factors for the development of glaucoma after vitreoretinal surgery
Authors: DE VRIES MM , MüSKENS RPHM , RENARDEL DE LAVALETTE VW , HOOYMANS JMM , JANSONIUS NM 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To determine risk factors for the development of glaucoma after vitreoretinal surgery.Methods Case‐control study. Cases (n=96) were all patients who received a Baerveldt glaucoma implant after vitreoretinal surgery performed between 1991‐2011. Controls (n=288) were a random subset of patients who underwent vitreoretinal surgery without subsequent glaucoma surgery. Cases and controls were matched with regard to the year in which the first vitreoretinal intervention was performed. The role of age, sex, number of interventions, type of intervention (plombe or vitrectomy), indication of first intervention, use of silicone oil, preoperative lens status, IOP and IOP lowering medication one week after the first intervention, history of glaucoma or OHT, and a positive family history of glaucoma were analyzed with logistic regression.Results Cases were more often men (p=0.03), younger at the moment of the first surgical procedure (p=0.005), underwent more vitreoretinal procedures (p<0.001), had on average a higher mean intraocular pressure (p=0.005) and medication use (p=0.001) 1 week after the first procedure and had more often a history of glaucoma or ocular hypertension (p<0.001). The use of silicone oil became a significant risk factor after removing the number of interventions from the model (p=0.002).Conclusion Patients who develop glaucoma after vitreoretinal surgery have a different risk‐profile compared to patients who do not develop glaucoma. This gives the opportunity to monitor certain subgroups.
Rigid gas‐permeable contact lens correction of infant aphakia following congenital cataract surgery
Authors: GRUENERT A , KLUEPPEL M , HAUSSER J , REINHARD T , SUNDMACHER R , GUTHOFF T , FUCHSLUGER T , GEERLING G 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis talk gives an overview of the actual data about the correction of infant aphakia with rigid gas‐permeable contact lenses. The advantages and disadvantages of the use of rigid gas‐permeable contact lenses after congenital cataract surgery will be discussed. Also, we will present our own data regarding the visual outcome of aphakic children treated with rigid gas‐permeable contact lenses.
Stem cells in the central cornea: To be or not to be?
Authors: MAJO F 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackground: Since 1986, we believe that the cornea is epithelial stem cells free and all the epithelial stem cells are localized in the limbus. As a consequence, if the limbus and the corneal epithelial stem cell niche are destroyed the cornea loses its normal differentiation and transdifferentiate in conjunctiva. We call these diseases: limbal stem cell deficiency. According to the model of corneal epithelial stem cells we also classified diseases of the ocular surface as diseases related to a lake of epithelial stem cells. Discussion: Recent data have shown that there are epithelial stem cells in the central cornea of 5 different mammals. In human, central corneal epithelial cells can divide 50 times in vitro, and central corneal epithelial cells can survive for a long period after total destruction of the limbus. Furthermore, epithelial cells after epithelial ingrowths after LASIK or FEMTOLASIK exhibit corneal epithelial stem cells characteristics. In conclusion, all these data challenge the model we use to explain the renewing of the corneal epithelium and in consequence how we call and classify the diseases of the ocular surface.