bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does cognitive behavioural therapy have a role in improving problem solving and coping in adolescents with suicidal ideation?
Authors: Hetrick Sarah , Yuen Hok Pan , Cox Georgina , Bendall Sarah , Yung Alison , Pirkis Jane , Robinson Jo 
Published: August 2014

AbstractProblem-solving and coping skills deficits have been shown in adolescents who experience suicide-related behaviours, including suicidal ideation. Little evidence exists about effective interventions for this population. We undertook a pilot study of an Internet-based CBT programme that included problem-solving skills training to investigate its impact on skills deficits. The study employed a pre-test/post-test design. Outcomes of interest were negative problem orientation, emotion- and task-focused coping, and adolescents’ perception of helpfulness of the intervention. Participants, recruited via the school wellbeing team, were assessed at baseline, at weekly intervention sessions and immediately post-intervention. Twenty-one adolescents completed the intervention. Over the course of the intervention, negative problem-solving orientation improved and students relied less on emotion-focused coping strategies. Because there was no control group, we cannot be certain that the changes seen between baseline and post-intervention can be attributed to the intervention. Adolescents rated the problem-solving and cognitive restructuring modules as particularly helpful. Interventions that include enhancement of problem-solving skills, as well as cognitive restructuring to address adolescents’ appraisal of problems and their ability to solve them appear promising for adolescents with suicidal ideation. Further investigation is warranted.
Spatial patterns of microbial diversity and activity in an aged creosote-contaminated site
Authors: Mukherjee Shinjini , Juottonen Heli , Siivonen Pauli , Quesada Cosme Lloret , Tuomi Pirjo , Pulkkinen Pertti , Yrjälä Kim 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Restoration of polluted sites via in situ bioremediation relies heavily on the indigenous microbes and their activities. Spatial heterogeneity of microbial populations, contaminants and soil chemical parameters on such sites is a major hurdle in optimizing and implementing an appropriate bioremediation regime. We performed a grid-based sampling of an aged creosote-contaminated site followed by geostatistical modelling to illustrate the spatial patterns of microbial diversity and activity and to relate these patterns to the distribution of pollutants. Spatial distribution of bacterial groups unveiled patterns of niche differentiation regulated by patchy distribution of pollutants and an east-to-west pH gradient at the studied site. Proteobacteria clearly dominated in the hot spots of creosote pollution, whereas the abundance of Actinobacteria, TM7 and Planctomycetes was considerably reduced from the hot spots. The pH preferences of proteobacterial groups dominating in pollution could be recognized by examining the order and family-level responses. Acidobacterial classes came across as generalists in hydrocarbon pollution whose spatial distribution seemed to be regulated solely by the pH gradient. Although the community evenness decreased in the heavily polluted zones, basal respiration and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis rates were higher, indicating the adaptation of specific indigenous microbial populations to hydrocarbon pollution. Combining the information from the kriged maps of microbial and soil chemistry data provided a comprehensive understanding of the long-term impacts of creosote pollution on the subsurface microbial communities. This study also highlighted the prospect of interpreting taxa-specific spatial patterns and applying them as indicators or proxies for monitoring polluted sites.
Porous Perovskite LaNiO3 Nanocubes as Cathode Catalysts for Li-O2 Batteries with Low Charge Potential
Authors: Zhang Jian , Zhao Yubao , Zhao Xiao , Liu Zhaolin , Chen Wei 
Published: August 2014

AbstractDeveloping efficient catalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for rechargeable Li-O2 battery. In our present work, porous LaNiO3 nanocubes were employed as electrocatalyst in Li-O2 battery cell. The as-prepared battery showed excellent charging performance with significantly reduced overpotential (3.40 V). The synergistic effect of porous structure, large specific surface area and high electrocatalytic activity of porous LaNiO3 nanocubes ensured the Li-O2 battery with enchanced capacity and good cycle stability. Furthermore, it was found that the lithium anode corrosion and cathode passivation were responsible for the capacity fading of Li-O2 battery. Our results indicated that porous LaNiO3 nanocubes represent a promising cathode catalyst for Li-O2 battery.
Compound-gene interaction mapping reveals distinct roles forStaphylococcus aureusteichoic acids
Authors: Santa Maria John P. , Sadaka Ama , Moussa Samir H. , Brown Stephanie , Zhang Yanjia J. , Rubin Eric J. , Gilmore Michael S. , Walker Suzanne 
Published: August 2014

SignificanceAs primary components of theStaphylococcus aureuscell envelope, teichoic acids play important but poorly understood roles in cell division and pathogenesis. Using an unbiased screen combined with targeted gene knockouts, we constructed an interaction network connecting wall teichoic acids to several other cellular pathways, including peptidoglycan biosynthesis, surface protein display, cell envelope D-alanylation, and lipoteichoic acid synthesis. We showed that lipoteichoic and wall teichoic acids play redundant roles in initiating cell division, but have distinct genetic interactions that reveal unique functions. Our findings provide insight into essential cell envelope processes in a clinically important pathogen as well as targets for compound combinations to kill antibiotic-resistantS. aureus.
Breeding for resistance to head blight caused by
Fusarium
spp. in wheat.
Authors: Buerstmayr H. , Buerstmayr M. , Schweiger W. , Steiner B. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Fusarium
diseases of cereals, particularly wheat, are a persistent threat to food and feed safety and security. Apart from yield losses, the contamination of the crop with
Fusarium
mycotoxins is of great concern. Among other measures, the deployment of
Fusarium
-resistant cultivars plays a key role in integrated
Fusarium
control and the reduction of mycotoxin contamination in feed and food. In this review, genetic diversity for
Fusarium
resistance in wheat and its close relatives, evaluation methods for assessing quantitative resistance and tools for breeding
Fusarium
-resistant cultivars are presented and critically discussed.
Gastritis and Gastropathy
Authors: Hansel Stephanie L. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Inflammation of the stomach can manifest itself as gastritis or gastropathy. Gastritis refers to inflammatory processes of the stomach in which inflammation is the predominant feature. In comparison, gastropathy refers to epithelial damage with little or no inflammation. Gastritis may or may not have identifiable endoscopic findings or clinical symptoms. There are several classifications of gastritis and gastropathy. Most of them distinguish between acute and chronic disease in terms of duration and the predominant inflammatory infiltrate seen in biopsy specimens. The etiology of the gastritis or gastropathy (not always known) also may be an important factor in the classification, as may the topography or specific areas of involvement in the stomach.
Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders,
Authors: Szarka Lawrence A. , Camilleri Michael 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Motility disorders result from impaired control of the neuromuscular apparatus of the gut. Associated symptoms include recurrent or chronic nausea, vomiting, bloating and abdominal discomfort, constipation, or diarrhea, which occur in the absence of intestinal obstruction. Occasionally, gastroparesis and intestinal pseudo-obstruction are associated with generalized disease processes that affect other regions of the gastrointestinal tract and extra intestinal organs, including the urinary bladder. For many people, the role of motility in generating symptoms is unclear. Such patients are thought to have a functional gastrointestinal disorder, specifically functional dyspepsia.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease:
Authors: Raffals Laura E. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn disease (CD) are inflammatory disorders that affect the gastrointestinal tract. However, these diseases are systemic disorders that may involve other organ systems. Extraintestinal manifestations can affect any organ system, and while in many cases these symptoms are believed to be a result of the underlying intestinal inflammation, some extraintestinal manifestations are independent of the luminal disease course. Extraintestinal manifestations may precede the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Many patients experiencing extraintestinal manifestations have colonic disease, and in individuals with 1 extraintestinal manifestation, another extraintestinal symptom is more likely to develop.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Sweetser Seth R. , Locke G. Richard 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common condition that contributes substantially to health care costs. Because the cause is not known and no curative therapy is available, IBS historically has been managed symptomatically. Recent discoveries in the physiology of the enteric nervous system, the gut-brain axis, and the intestinal flora have led to the development of therapies targeted at potential pathophysiologic mechanisms of IBS. In addition, the role of psychologic issues has been well recognized, and therapy directed at behavioral intervention has been used more extensively than in the past. The overall goal is to improve the patient's symptoms and overall quality of life and, ideally, to prevent the suffering that patients experience.
Alcoholic Liver Disease
Authors: Huebert Robert C. , Shah Vijay H. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Alcohol is implicated in more than 50% of liver-related deaths in the United States, and complications of alcoholism contribute to a quarter of a million deaths annually. Also, alcoholic liver disease is a major health care cost expenditure, accounting for nearly $3 billion annually. The clinical spectrum of alcoholic liver disease includes fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and alcoholic cirrhosis. Fatty liver develops in response to short periods (days) of alcohol abuse. It is generally asymptomatic and reversible with abstinence. More advanced liver injury usually requires prolonged alcohol abuse over a period of years. Of note, the majority of people who abuse alcohol for extended periods do not develop more advanced lesions of alcoholic liver disease. However, alcoholic hepatitis or alcoholic cirrhosis (or both) develops in about 20% of these people.
Breast‐Feeding Improves Gut Maturation Compared With Formula Feeding in Preterm Babies
Authors: Reisinger Kostan W. , de Vaan Loes , Kramer Boris W. , Wolfs Tim G.A.M. , van Heurn L.W. Ernest , Derikx Joep P.M. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTObjective:The incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is higher in formula‐fed babies than in breast‐fed babies, which may be caused by breast‐feeding–induced gut maturation. The effect of breast‐feeding on gut maturation has been widely studied in animal models. This study aimed to assess the effects of breast‐feeding on intestinal maturation in prematurely born babies by evaluating postnatal changes in urinary intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I‐FABP) levels, a specific enterocyte marker.Methods:Gut maturation in 40 premature babies (<37 weeks of gestation) without gastrointestinal morbidity was studied, of whom 21 were exclusively breast‐fed and 19 were formula‐fed infants. Urinary I‐FABP levels as the measure of gut maturation were measured at 5, 12, 19, and 26 days after birth.Results:In breast‐fed infants, there was a significant increase in median urinary I‐FABP levels between 5 and 12 days after birth (104 [78–340] pg/mL to 408 [173–1028] pg/mL, P = 0.002), whereas I‐FABP concentration in formula‐fed infants increased between 12 and 19 days after birth (105 [44–557] pg/mL, 723 [103–1670] pg/mL, P = 0.004). Breast‐fed babies had significantly higher median urinary I‐FABP levels at postnatal day 12 (P = 0.01).Conclusions:The time course of the postnatal increase in urinary I‐FABP levels reflecting gut maturation was significantly delayed in formula‐fed babies, suggesting a delayed physiological response in formula‐fed compared with breast‐fed infants.
TRANSLOCASE OF THE INNER MEMBRANE9 and 10 Are Essential for Maintaining Mitochondrial Function during Early Embryo Cell and Endosperm Free Nucleus Divisions in Arabidopsis
Authors: Deng Yingtian , Zou Wenxuan , Li Gang , Zhao Jie 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
In the life cycle of flowering plants, the sporophytic generation takes up most of the time and plays a dominant role in influencing plant growth and development. The embryo cell and endosperm free nucleus divisions establish the critical initiation phase of early sporophyte development, which forms mature seeds through a series of cell growth and differentiation events. Here, we report on the biological functions of two Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mitochondrial proteins, TRANSLOCASE OF THE INNER MEMBRANE9 (TIM9) and TIM10. We found that dysfunction of either AtTIM9 or AtTIM10 led to an early sporophyte-lethal phenotype; the embryo and endosperm both arrest division when the embryo proper developed to 16 to 32 cells. The abortion of tim9-1 and tim10 embryos at the 16/32-cell stage was caused by the loss of cell viability and the cessation of division in the embryo proper region, and this inactivation was due to the collapse of the mitochondrial structure and activity. Our characterization of tim9-1 and tim10 showed that mitochondrial membrane permeability increased and that cytochrome c was released from mitochondria into the cytoplasm in the 16/32-cell embryo proper, indicating that mitochondrial dysfunction occurred in the early sporophytic cells, and thus caused the initiation of a necrosis-like programmed cell death, which was further proved by the evidence of reactive oxygen species and DNA fragmentation tests. Consequently, we verified that AtTIM9 and AtTIM10 are nonredundantly essential for maintaining the mitochondrial function of early embryo proper cells and endosperm-free nuclei; these proteins play critically important roles during sporophyte initiation and development in Arabidopsis.
Private Investment Purchase and Nursing Home Financial Health
Authors: Cadigan Rebecca Orfaly , Stevenson David G. , Caudry Daryl J. , Grabowski David C. 
Published: August 2014

ObjectiveTo explore the impact of nursing home acquisition by private investment firms on nursing home costs, revenue, and overall financial health.Data SourcesMerged data from the Medicare Cost Reports and the Online Survey, Certification, and Reporting system for the period 1998–2010.Study DesignRegression specification incorporating facility and time fixed effects.Principal FindingsWe found little impact on the financial health of nursing homes following purchase by private investment companies. However, our findings did suggest that private investment firms acquired nursing home chains in good financial health, possibly to derive profit from the company's real estate holdings.ConclusionsPrivate investment acquired facilities are an important feature of today's nursing home sector. Although we did not observe a negative impact on the financial health of nursing homes, this development raises important issues about ownership oversight and transparency for the entire nursing home sector.
Extending the suite of bioclim variables: a proposed registry system and case study using principal components analysis
Authors: Kriticos Darren J. , Jarošik Vojtĕch , Ota Noboru 
Published: August 2014

Summary

The so‐called BIOCLIM variables have played a central role in the advancement of ecologicalmodellingmethods for correlative species distribution modelling.

We propose to establish a register of the BIOCLIMvariables, allowing for the extension of the suite of described, readily available covariate data tosupport bioclimatic modelling. The registry will provide a simple means for researchers to add usefuldata sets in a transparent, documented manner.

As a case study, we introduce and describe the set offivemost significant principal components of the first 35 BIOCLIM variables (Bio01 to Bio35) and proposethey be assigned as Bio36 to Bio40.Together, these five PCA variables capture more than 90%of thevariability in the full suite of 35 BIOCLIM variables.

The PCA variables may provide a means to explore the climaticlimits of poorly known species, with a reduced risk of overfitting the models. The BIOCLIM variable registry should facilitate the expansion of the suite of variables commonly used in species distribution modelling.
Predictive models of glucose control: roles for glucose‐sensing neurones
Authors: Kosse C. , Gonzalez A. , Burdakov D. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe brain can be viewed as a sophisticated control module for stabilizing blood glucose. A review of classical behavioural evidence indicates that central circuits add predictive (feedforward/anticipatory) control to the reactive (feedback/compensatory) control by peripheral organs. The brain/cephalic control is constructed and engaged, via associative learning, by sensory cues predicting energy intake or expenditure (e.g. sight, smell, taste, sound). This allows rapidly measurable sensory information (rather than slowly generated internal feedback signals, e.g. digested nutrients) to control food selection, glucose supply for fight‐or‐flight responses or preparedness for digestion/absorption. Predictive control is therefore useful for preventing large glucose fluctuations. We review emerging roles in predictive control of two classes of widely projecting hypothalamic neurones, orexin/hypocretin (ORX) and melanin‐concentrating hormone (MCH) cells. Evidence is cited that ORX neurones (i) are activated by sensory cues (e.g. taste, sound), (ii) drive hepatic production, and muscle uptake, of glucose, via sympathetic nerves, (iii) stimulate wakefulness and exploration via global brain projections and (iv) are glucose‐inhibited. MCH neurones are (i) glucose‐excited, (ii) innervate learning and reward centres to promote synaptic plasticity, learning and memory and (iii) are critical for learning associations useful for predictive control (e.g. using taste to predict nutrient value of food). This evidence is unified into a model for predictive glucose control. During associative learning, inputs from some glucose‐excited neurones may promote connections between the ‘fast’ senses and reward circuits, constructing neural shortcuts for efficient action selection. In turn, glucose‐inhibited neurones may engage locomotion/exploration and coordinate the required fuel supply. Feedback inhibition of the latter neurones by glucose would ensure that glucose fluxes they stimulate (from liver, into muscle) are balanced. Estimating nutrient challenges from indirect sensory cues may become more difficult when the cues become complex and variable (e.g. like human foods today). Consequent errors of predictive glucose control may contribute to obesity and diabetes.
If one goes up the other must come down: Examining ipsative relationships between math and English self‐concept trajectories across high school
Authors: Parker Philip D. , Marsh Herbert W. , Morin Alexandre J. S. , Seaton Marjorie , Van Zanden Brooke 
Published: August 2014

BackgroundThe Internal‐External frame of reference (IE) model suggests that as self‐concept in one domain goes up (e.g., English) self‐concept in other domains (e.g., mathematics) should go down (ipsative self‐concept hypothesis).AimsTo our knowledge this assumption has not been tested. Testing this effect also provides a context for illustrating different approaches to the study of growth with longitudinal data.SampleWe use cohort sequential data from 2,781 of Year 7 to Year 11 Australian high school students followed across a total of 10 time waves 6 months apart.MethodThree different approaches to testing the ipsative self‐concept hypothesis were used: Autoregressive cross‐lagged models, latent growth curve models, and autoregressive latent trajectory models (ALT); using achievement as a time varying covariate.ResultsCross‐lagged and growth curve models provided little evidence of ipsative relationships between English and math self‐concept. However, ALT models suggested that a rise above trend in one self‐concept domain resulted in a decline from trend in self‐concept in another domain.ConclusionImplications for self‐concept theory, interventions, and statistical methods for the study of growth are discussed.
THE INCOME REDISTRIBUTION EFFECT OF CHINA'S PERSONAL INCOME TAX: WHAT THE MICRO‐DATA SAY
Authors: Ma Guangrong , Xu Jianwei , Li Shi 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis article uses continuous micro‐level data to investigate the income redistribution effect of the personal income tax (PIT) in China beginning in 1997. We find that the average tax rate plays a larger role in determining the income redistribution effect of PIT than tax progressivity does. Although tax progressivity decreased as a result of rising personal incomes and a constant PIT policy prior to 2005, the income redistribution effect of the PIT improved as a result of the higher average tax rate. The tax reform beginning in 2006 increased tax progressivity while decreasing the average tax rate, thereby weakening the income redistribution effect of the PIT. Further analysis indicates that the middle‐income group was the only net loser before 2005, but it benefited from the PIT policy reform. A cross‐country comparison shows that China has a lower PIT burden and higher progressivity than developed countries; in fact, China's levels of progressivity and tax burden are similar to those of Latin American countries. (JEL H24, D31, H31)