bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroticism and Depression among First-Year College Students Using a Moderated Mediation Model of Perceived Social Support and Perceived Stress
Authors: Yang Qiuyi , Kanjanarat Penkarn , Wongpakaran Nahathai , Li Xiaoshan , Tian Lizhu , Wongpakaran Tinakon , Zhou Yanping 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Depression can have various negative impacts on a college student's academic career. While previous studies have indicated a link between neuroticism, perceived stress, and depression, the role of perceived social support in moderating this relationship remains unclear. This study investigated the moderating effect of perceived social support in this context.
Methods: 568 first-year student participants were involved in the study, with 74.6% being female and having a mean age of 18.63 (SD = 0.72). Data on depression (PHQ-9), perceived stress (PSS-10), neuroticism (CBF-PI-B), and perceived social support (MSPSS-12) were collected and analyzed. The moderating role of the subscales of perceived social support was examined, utilizing mediation and moderation analyses with the 5000 bootstrapping methods.
Results: The findings revealed that perceived social support significantly moderated the association between neuroticism and depression (B = -0.078 (95%CI: -0.173, 0.029)). Notably, support from family emerged as particularly influential in moderating this relationship (B = -0.104 (95%CI: -0.175, -0.023)).
Conclusion: The research underscores the significant role of perceived social support, especially from family, in alleviating the impact of neuroticism on depression. Students who perceive strong family support tend to experience lower levels of depression. The study discusses the implications of these findings and suggests potential areas for future research.
Robotic versus laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with complete mesocolic excision using a cranial approach: A propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study
Authors: Nonaka Takashi , Tominaga Tetsuro , Takamura Yuma , Kaido Oishi , Noda Keisuke , Sawai Terumitsu , Matsumoto Keitaro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
This retrospective study compared the surgical outcomes of robotic and laparoscopic right hemicolectomies using the cranial approach for complete mesocolic excision (CME) and central vascular ligation (CVL).
Methods
Patients who underwent right hemicolectomy with either robotic CME (R-CME, 48 patients) or laparoscopic CME (L-CME, 123 patients) between April 2016 and December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed using propensity score matching (PSM).
Results
After matching, the R-CME and L-CME groups each included 40 patients. The R-CME group had less intraoperative blood loss (P = 0.007), a shorter median time to first flatus (P < 0.001), and a shorter median postoperative hospital stay (P = 0.012) than the L-CME group. The other surgical outcomes were not significantly different between the two groups.
Conclusions
R-CME using a cranial approach demonstrated the advantages of reduced intraoperative blood loss without prolonging the operative time and improved surgical outcomes, including quicker recovery of bowel function and earlier postoperative discharge, compared to L-CME.
RETRACTED: Synovial Macrophages: the Key Player of Severe Joint Destruction in Established Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Wu Dengfeng , Huang Yiping , Li Jianbin , Liu Pengcheng , Wang Bihua , Wang Yan , Chen； Haili , Wu Rui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Vascular Stress Markers Following Inhalation of Heated Tobacco Products: A study on Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Antoniewicz Lukasz , Melnikov Georgy , Lyytinen Gustaf , Blomberg Anders , Bosson Jenny , Hedman Linnea , Mobarrez Fariborz , Lundbäck Magnus 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The advent of heated tobacco products (HTPs) has introduced new variables in the study of nicotine delivery systems and their health implications. Amidst concerns over cardiovascular effects, this study aims to elucidate the acute impact of HTP inhalation on extracellular vesicles (EV) levels in young, healthy individuals.
Methods
In this controlled, acute exposure study, 23 young, healthy volunteers were subjected to HTP inhalation. EV levels of endothelial and platelet origin were quantified through flow cytometry before and after exposure. Data analysis was performed using multiple measures ANOVA to assess changes in EV concentrations.
Results
Our findings reveal a significant increase in EVs of endothelial and platelet origin following short-term HTP inhalation with nicotine. Notably, no significant change was observed in leukocyte- and neutrophil-derived EVs. This increase in EVs suggests acute vascular stress, with peak levels observed 4 hours post-exposure.
Conclusions
The rise in endothelial and platelet-derived EVs aligns with documented responses to acute vascular injury, paralleling the effects seen with traditional cigarette and e-cigarette use. Despite HTPs being marketed as safer alternatives, our results indicate that nicotine-containing HTPs may still pose significant vascular risks. These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence cautioning against the perceived safety of HTPs and reinforce the importance of regulatory oversight and public health initiatives targeting nicotine delivery technologies.
Trial Registration Number
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04824495, registered 2021-01-07
Cervical and vaginal metastases from ascending colon cancer: a case report and literature review
Authors: Nie Fangfang , Si Haibo , Qin Haojie , Wang Yongpeng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Colorectal cancer is among the three most prevalent types of cancer worldwide, with the second highest mortality rate. Metastasis frequently occurs in the liver, followed by the lungs, peritoneum, and lymph nodes. There are few reported cases of cervical and vaginal metastasis in colorectal cancer. We report a patient with concurrent cervical and vaginal metastasis of colorectal cancer.
Case presentation:
The patient came to our hospital with vaginal bleeding as the main complaint. It was found that the patient had malignant lesions in the cervix and vagina, which were discontinuous. After a series of examinations, the patient underwent radical cervical and vaginal resection surgery. The pathological result of the patient is adenocarcinoma with a history of ascending colon cancer. Combined with immunohistochemical results, it is determined that the cervical and vaginal lesions of the patient are metastatic from ascending colon cancer.
Conclusion
If patients with colorectal cancer experience symptoms such as vaginal bleeding during postoperative follow-up, even if cervical or vaginal metastasis is rare, we cannot ignore this possibility. After completing relevant examinations and clarifying the diagnosis, if the patient does not experience extensive hematogenous metastasis, radical cervical and vaginal resection surgery still has a certain significance. Postoperative systemic treatment is supplemented to achieve long-term survival.
Assessment of variability among molecular and morphological characters of several wild Rutaceae species
Authors: Budiarto Kurniawan , Martasari Chaireni , Mas’udah Shofiyatul , Yulia Nina Dwi , Yulianti Farida , Yusuf Hadi Mokhamad , Ikarini Imro’ah , Setiawan Adi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Morphological and molecular assessments were carried out to confirm the genetic variability and relationship among wild Rutaceae species. Thirteen stem and leaves morphological characters and 12 ISSR primers were used to evaluate 17 Rutaceae accessions. The results shows that morphological and molecular assessments confirmed different accessions grouping. Biplot analysis based on morphological characters revealed 3 groups based on the character similarity and 1 distinct group consisting Lunasia sp., M. latifolia, L. amara, E. suaveolens, Clausena sp., and M. minutum with a weak relationship of the observed characters. While the ISSR study divided the accessions into 3 clusters, which include L. acidissima in a distinct cluster. The second cluster composed of Clausena sp, Melicope sp. and Fragara sp. The third cluster was divided into two sub-clusters. The first sub-cluster included M. trichopetala, M. minutum, M. latifolia, L. amara, A. marmelos, Z. ovalifolium, G. pentaphyla, Lunasia sp, Z. rhetsa and M. exotica. While, F. lucida, P. littorale and E. suaveolens are the member of the second sub-cluster. The study has demonstrated the effectiveness of ISSR primers in differentiating species up to the subfamily level and it is crucial to prioritize further research to enhance the specificity of morphological characters.
Beyond Cigarettes- Insights into Public Knowledge, Attitudes and Patterns of Use of Non-Cigarette Smoked Tobacco Products (NCSTPs): A National Cross-Sectional Study from Pakistan
Authors: Irshad Hammad Atif , Saleem Umair , Jehanzeb Hamzah , Shaikh Wamiq Ali , Raja Sajjan , Jamil Muhammad Abdullah , Rathi Kartik Kumar , Khattak Wadana Hayat , Iqbal Nousheen , Khan Javaid Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Pakistan has over 30 million active adult smokers, making it one of the most vulnerable low-and middle-income nations. The problem deepens with the popularity of non-cigarette smoked tobacco products (NCSTPs) such as cigars, pipes, and shisha. While studies have been conducted evaluating regular cigarette usage, there is a gap in literature exploring other means of smoked tobacco in these regions. Our study aims to analyze the public’s knowledge, attitudes, and patterns of usage regarding NCSTP.
Methods
Using an online questionnaire, we conducted a nationwide web-based cross-sectional survey in Pakistan. Convenience sampling was used to disseminate and validate the questionnaire. The participants' knowledge, attitudes, and use of NCSTP were evaluated using this questionnaire. The responses of the participants were described using descriptive statistics, and SPSS Version 26 was used to perform logistic regression at a p-value of less than 0.05.
Results
In our sample of 1195 respondents with a mean age of 33 years, 93.3% of respondents had heard of NCSTP before with 57.1% believing they contained both tobacco and nicotine. 45.1% disagreed when asked if NCSTP are exclusively for adults. Removal of stress (29.8%) was the most cited motivator for use while negative health effects (61.4%) was the most selected deterrent. The vast majority of respondents (86.6%) who had used NCSTPs were also users of conventional cigarettes. On accounting for demographic and other variables, our regression analysis revealed that appetizing flavors (OR: 1.788, p = 0.006) and usage as cigarette alternatives (OR: 2.623, p = 0.000) were the two factors significantly associated with usage. On the other hand, social stigma (OR: 0.576, p = 0.004), bad taste (OR: 0.663, p = 0.018), and environmental pollution (OR: 0.493, p = 0.000) were the deterrents significantly associated with decreased usage.
Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate the varied knowledge, attitudes, and usage patterns regarding non-cigarette smoked tobacco products (NCSTP) among participants in an LMIC. Despite a high level of awareness, misconceptions persist regarding their contents and associated risks. While a substantial proportion of the participants have experimented with NCSTPs, the majority have not, citing deterrents such as health concerns and social unacceptability playing significant roles. Notably, the appeal of flavors and the potential for stress relief emerged as the most prevalent motivating factors among users. These insights emphasize the importance of comprehensive strategies aimed at both discouraging use and promoting accurate knowledge about NCSTP.
Diagnosing myocardial ischemia of obstructive coronary artery disease using dynamic computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging: Optimization of relative myocardial blood flow ratio
Authors: Kong Weifang , Long Bingzhu , li Fang , Shang Lan , Chen Xinyue , Chughtai Aamer 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To compare the diagnostic efficacy of different relative myocardial blood flow (MBF) ratios in computed tomography perfusion (CTP) for myocardial ischemia in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods
Between October 2020 and March 2024, patients with suspected or known obstructive CAD who underwent CTP + coronary computed tomography angiography and invasive coronary angiography/fractional flow reserve were retrospectively selected. Patients and vessels were categorized into ischemia and non-ischemia groups. The diagnostic efficacies of the three relative MBF ratios were compared in patients with myocardial ischemia.
Results
This study included 48 patients (144 vessels). Notably, 34 of the 48 patients (48%) and 49 of the 144 vessels (67.5%) were considered to have myocardial ischemia. The area under the curve of Ratio-hi (0.944, 95% confidence interval: 0.893–0.976) was higher than those of Ratio-av, Ratio-Q3, and MBF-lowest; however, no statistical differences were found (P>0.005). The cutoff value for detecting Ratio-hi was 0.667, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy were 91.8%, 83.2%, 75%, 95.24%, and 86.81, respectively.
Conclusion
Relative MBF ratio, especially Ratio-hi, demonstrated excellent performance and exhibited greater robustness in diagnosing myocardial ischemia in patients with obstructive CAD.
Neighborhood Factors as Correlates of Alcohol Use in the N2 Cohort Study of Black Sexual Minority Men and Transgender Women
Authors: Moline Tyrone , Duncan Dustin T. , Knox Justin , Regan Seann , Mehranbod Christina A. , Shrader Cho-Hee , Schneider John , Kim Byoungjun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Sexually minoritized men (SMM), transgender women (TW), and particularly Black SMM and Black TW may be disproportionately impacted by alcohol-related problems. Few studies have empirically examined neighborhood factors that may contribute to alcohol use, specifically among these populations. Using data from the N2 longitudinal cohort study in Chicago, IL, survey data from the second wave of longitudinal assessment (n = 126), and GPS mobility data collected during study enrollment were used to evaluate neighborhood alcohol outlet availability, neighborhood disorder, and neighborhood poverty as correlates for individual alcohol use. Neighborhood exposures were measured using 200-m derived activity space areas, created from GPS data, and with publicly accessible geospatial contextual data. Separate multi-variable quasi-poison regression models tested for association between neighborhood alcohol outlet density (AOD), measured separately for on-premise (e.g. bars) and off-premise consumption outlets (e.g. liquor stores), neighborhood poverty (defined as the percentage of neighborhood areas at 150% or greater of the U.S. poverty line), exposure to vacant buildings, and neighborhood violent crime density. Separate analytical models found no significant effect between alcohol use and on-premise neighborhood AOD (IRR = 0.99, p = 0.35), off-premise consumption AOD (IRR = 0.92, p = 0.33), or neighborhood violent crime (IRR = 1.00, p = 0.65). Vacant buildings (IRR = 1.03, p = 0.05) and levels of neighborhood poverty (1.05, p = 0.01) were found to be significantly associated with increased alcohol use. Among this population, opposed to geospatial access, neighborhood measurements indicative of disorder and poverty may have greater influence on shaping alcohol use.
Risk of Neurologic or Immune-Mediated Adverse Events After COVID-19 Diagnosis in the United States
Authors: Fisher Shelby S. , Lindaas Arnstein , Muthuri Stella G. , Lloyd Patricia C. , Gruber Joann F. , Richey Morgan M. , Lyu Hai , Cheng Angela S. , Kowarski Lisa , McKillop Mollie M. , Bui Christine , Clarke Tainya C. , Beers Jeffrey , Burrell Timothy , Duenas Pablo Freyria , Chen Yangping , Sheng Minya , Forshee Richard A. , Anderson Steven A. , Chillarige Yoganand , Anthony Mary S. , Shoaibi Azadeh , Layton J. Bradley 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Many neurologic or immune-mediated conditions have been evaluated as potential adverse events (AEs) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine safety surveillance. To contextualize United States (US) surveillance findings, it is important to quantify the risk of neurologic or immune-mediated AEs associated with COVID-19 diagnosis among adults in the US before the introduction of COVID-19 vaccines.
Methods
Cohort and self-controlled risk interval (SCRI) designs were used in 2 US administrative claims data sources—Merative™ MarketScan® Commercial Database (ages 18–64 years) and Medicare fee-for-service data (ages ≥ 65 years). AEs included Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), Bell’s palsy, encephalitis/encephalomyelitis, narcolepsy, immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), and transverse myelitis; each was analyzed separately with AE-specific exclusion criteria. The cohort (study period, 1 April 2020-10 December 2020) included adults with a COVID-19 diagnosis and a matched comparator group. Inverse probability of treatment-weighted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. The SCRI (study period, 1 June 2020-10 December 2020) used a risk window after COVID-19 diagnosis and pre- and postexposure reference windows within individuals with a COVID-19 diagnosis and the AE. Relative incidences (RIs) and 95% CIs were estimated with seasonality-adjusted conditional Poisson regression models accounting for outcome-dependent observation windows. SCRI analyses were not performed for encephalitis/encephalomyelitis because of high case fatality rates.
Results
The study observed a consistent association between COVID-19 diagnosis and GBS: MarketScan HR = 9.57 (95% CI, 1.23–74.74), RI = 8.53 (95% CI, 2.45–29.7); Medicare HR = 1.97 (95% CI, 1.04–3.74), RI = 4.63 (95% CI, 1.78–12.01). For ITP, the association was weaker, but still consistently elevated: MarketScan HR = 2.06 (95% CI, 1.20–3.53), RI = 1.74 (95% CI, 1.01-3.00); Medicare HR = 1.36 (95% CI, 1.18–1.57), RI = 1.91 (95% CI, 1.60–2.28). For all remaining AEs, there was no consistent evidence of an association with COVID-19, with estimates that were generally modest, imprecise, and/or varying by study design.
Conclusions
COVID-19 diagnoses were associated with an increased risk of GBS and ITP in both data sources and study designs. Although increased risks of other neurologic/immune-mediated AEs cannot be ruled out, no consistent associations with COVID-19 were observed.
Labyrinthine SPP Notch Filter
Authors: Zhang Miao , Xu Zhixia , Fu Shiqiang , Zhong Weiye , Lan hai 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The surface plasmon polariton (SPP) is an electromagnetic wave mode that occurs at the interface of a metal and a dielectric material. It possesses unique properties such as enhancing the strength of the electromagnetic field at the metal surface, achieving sub-wavelength focusing of light waves, and exhibiting low loss. Due to these characteristics, SPP holds great promise in various applications including super-resolution imaging, terahertz technology, biosensing, and optical communication. This paper proposes two SPP-based notch filters that replace the conventional sawtooth cell structure with a miniaturized labyrinth resonator structure. Upon investigating the dispersion characteristics of the resonators, we found that both resonator unit 1 and resonator unit 2 exhibit three modes, resulting in three notch points for each filter. Unlike most SPP-based structures, our design features a compact structure fed by a co-planar waveguide (CPW) without an added ground at the bottom, thereby reducing losses and improving efficiency. To achieve a smoother transition from CPW to the transmission structure, we utilize a segment of microstrip line structure synthesized by a logarithmic function. Both filters are of the same size, with dimensions totaling 192 mm × 42 mm. Based on our study, we have designed two filters with multiple notch points and have obtained good agreement between the simulation results and the actual test results.
Unveiling the Hidden Impact of Solar Proton Events: Disruptions in Polar Jet Stream and Flight Time
Authors: Wang Yi , Xu X. H. , Wei F. S. , feng xueshang , Bo M. H. , Tang H. W. , Wang D. S. , Bian L. , Wang B. Y. , Zuo P. B. , Jiang C. W. , Xu X. J. , Zhou Zilu , Li Z. , Zou P. , Li Y. , Zeng L. , Zhu X. X. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The long-chain effects of eruptive solar activities on Earth's magnetosphere, ionosphere, and the mid-to-lower atmospheric circulation are an important theoretical research topic in the fields of space weather and atmospheric science. Understanding the impact of space weather on aviation holds substantial economic value. It is well-known that flight times for polar routes may increase during Solar Proton Events (SPEs) due to the necessity of avoiding high-energy particles. However, changes in atmospheric circulation due to SPEs and their impact on flight times have not been reported yet. This study systematically analyzed 15 pairs of representative international air routes, comprising a total of 15,428 flight records affected by the polar jet stream between 2015 and 2019. An unpaired two-sample two-tailed t-test revealed that 80.00% of westbound flights had shorter durations, while 86.67% of eastbound flights had longer durations during SPEs compared to quiet periods, with an average change of approximately 7 minutes. Further investigation into 42 SPEs during an entire solar cycle (11 years) indicates that polar heating associated with energetic particle precipitation weakens the meridional temperature gradient, thus slowing down the polar jet stream, which is the fundamental reason for the asymmetrical changes in flight times. This is the first report detailing the impact of SPEs on atmospheric circulation and flight times. Our findings reveal the long-chain mechanism by which SPEs directly influence the circulation of Earth's lower atmosphere. These results are also crucial for aviation, as they can help airlines optimize routes, reduce fuel costs, and contribute to climate change mitigation efforts.
Genetic polymorphism of high molecular weight glutenin subunits of ancient and modern Argentinean bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars and its relationship with quality.
Authors: Arrigoni Adriana C. , Arata Agustín F. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Bread wheat quality is largely determined by genotype (G), particularly the combination of glutenins and gliadins, and in turn, is affected by the environment (E) and the GxE interaction. In Argentina, wheat cultivars are classified into different quality groups (QG) according to their baking aptitude. Knowing the combination of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-Gs) would be a good tool for choosing the genotype. In this research, 135 bread wheat cultivars released between 1980 and 2020 were analyzed using one-dimensional gels obtained by SDS-PAGE. Great genetic diversity was found among the HMW-Gs alleles, particularly in the Glu-B1 locus, even within the same quality groups. Furthermore, it was found that modern genotypes have alleles associated with better industrial quality according to the Glu-1 Score. However, in the last decade analyzed, most of the genotypes did not present the subunit 7 overexpressed which is related to quality improvements (7 + 8* subunits). In addition, the gliadin patterns more frequently observed in recently released varieties are not related to good baking quality. Being able to know the quality of gluten proteins, even within each quality group, could constitute a contribution to agronomic management practices that do not imply an extra cost.