bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AstroSat/UVIT Study of the Diffuse Ultraviolet Radiation in the Dwarf Galaxy Holmberg II
Authors: Bordoloi Olag Pratim , Ananthamoorthy B. , Shalima P. , Safonova Margarita , Bhattacharya Debbijoy , Shchekinov Yuri A. , Gogoi Rupjyoti 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We present measurements of diffuse ultraviolet (UV) emission in the dwarf irregular galaxy Holmberg II obtained with the Ultra Violet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) instrument onboard AstroSat, India’s first multiwavelength space mission. With a spatial resolution of 1.″2–1.″6, these are the highest resolution UV observations of the galaxy to date. We find that diffuse emission accounts for ∼70.6% of the total far-ultraviolet (FUV) and for ~58.1% of the total near-ultraviolet (NUV) emission. In the FUV, this is reasonably close to the fraction reported for the SMC bar. We perform a UV–IR correlation study of the diffuse emission in this galaxy using infrared (IR) observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope and Herschel Space Observatory for selected locations, free of detectable bright point sources. The strongest positive correlation between FUV and IR is observed at 70 μm for high H i density (N(H i) > 1 × 1021 cm−2) locations, indicating that warm dust grains dominate the IR emission, in agreement with earlier studies, while NUV is better correlated with 160 μm emission associated with cold dust grains. Low H i density regions (N(H i) < 1 × 1021 cm−2), or cavities, do not show any significant UV–IR correlation except at 160 μm, implying either the presence of colder dust grains in cavities being irradiated by the general radiation field, or insufficient amount of dust. The dust scattering contribution in high H i density regions, estimated using a single scattering model with foreground dust clouds with LMC reddening, gives best-fit albedo and asymmetry factor values of α = 0.2 and g = 0.5, respectively, in reasonable agreement with the theoretical predictions for LMC dust. Our model-derived scattering optical depths in the FUV range from 0.02 to 0.12, implying the medium is optically thin. Therefore, in high H i density regions, dust scattering can be one of the sources of the observed diffuse UV emission, apart from possible contributions from H2 fluorescence. However, the diffuse UV component in H i cavities can only be explained via other mechanisms, such as two-photon emission.
Three-wave mixing experiments in indium–tin–oxide thin-films with no phase matching
Authors: Wynne Kyle , Bazian Marjan , Harrison Mark C 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
One challenge of using nonlinear optical phenomena for practical applications is the need to perform phase-matching. Recently, epsilon-near-zero materials have been shown to demonstrate strong optical nonlinearities, in addition to their other unique properties. As suggested by their name, the permittivity of the material is close to zero for a certain wavelength range. We demonstrate that this small permittivity allows for efficient three-wave mixing interactions to take place in indium–tin–oxide thin films without the need for phase matching the pump and signal beams. The efficiency of the second-order nonlinear interactions is characterized, and cascaded three-wave mixing is demonstrated.
Find a Great Teacher like Me
Authors: Goff Matthew 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter is on the book of Ben Sira (Sirach), which is in the Catholic Old Testament and the Protestant Apocrypha. Due to the discoveries of the Cairo Genizah and the Dead Sea Scrolls, about two-thirds of this large text (51 chapters) is now available in Hebrew. The work is presented as the instruction of a teacher named Jesus ben Sira who lived in Jerusalem in the early second century bce. The work offers teachings on a range of topics, some relating to ordinary life, such as finances and relationships with friends and parents, and others on more theological topics, such as the individual’s responsibility for their own sins. The book teaches that following the Torah is the way to acquire wisdom, and its content draws extensively from the Jewish scriptural tradition. The composition offers a window into pedagogy in an upper-class setting in ancient Judaism.
Forgotten Flowers
Authors: Goff Matthew 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the Greek, the book of Daniel includes three lengthy texts not in the Hebrew form of the book. (1) In Daniel 3, three Jews are thrown into a fiery furnace for refusing to worship an idol. They offer a prayer (the Prayer of Azariah). This prayer is a set piece with the Song of the Three Jews in which they praise God for saving them. (2) The story of Susanna is about a woman accosted by two elders who falsely accuse her of infidelity who is saved by Daniel. (3) In Bel and the Dragon, Daniel proves that the god Bel (Marduk) does not eat. He also kills a god (a “dragon”) by giving it bad food. These three texts demonstrate that there was a wealth of ancient (pre-Christian) Jewish stories about Daniel, which resulted in varying versions of the book of Daniel.
Conclusion
Authors: Burton Antoinette 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Thirty years after the founding of the journal Gender and History, gender history shows up everywhere, threaded through all manner of topics and structuring strong commitments to intersectional research and teaching. This conclusion recaps the history of the field, raising the specter of challenges to gender history in higher education contexts and as a result of rising global fascist trends that are inimical to gender as a category of identity and history. It argues for gender history as unfinished business, underscoring the ongoing appeal of a linear narrative that imagines gender history as part of a progressive march toward queer and trans studies.
Postintubation hypotension following rapid sequence intubation with full- vs reduced-dose induction agent
Authors: Mattson Alicia E , Brown Caitlin S , Sandefur Benjamin J , Cole Kristin , Haefke Brandon , Cabrera Daniel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) is a common emergency department (ED) procedure with an associated complication of postintubation hypotension (PIH). It has not been clearly established whether the selection and dose of induction agent affect risk of PIH. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of PIH in patients receiving full-dose compared to reduced-dose induction agent for RSI in the ED.

Methods
This was a health system–wide, retrospective cohort study comparing incidence of PIH based on the induction medication and dose given for RSI in the ED. Patients were included if they underwent RSI from July 1, 2018, through December 31, 2020, were 18 years of age or older, and received etomidate or ketamine. A reduced dose was defined as a ketamine dose of 1.25 mg/kg or less and an etomidate dose of 0.2 mg/kg or less.

Results
A total of 909 patients were included in the final analysis, with most receiving etomidate (n = 764; 84%) and a smaller number receiving ketamine (n = 145; 16%). Patients who received ketamine had a higher mean pre-intubation shock index (full dose, 1.08; reduced dose, 1.04) than those who received etomidate (full dose, 0.89; reduced dose, 0.92) (P ≤ 0.001). Reduced doses of induction agent were observed for 107 patients receiving etomidate (14.0%) and 60 patients receiving ketamine (41.4%). Patients who received full-dose ketamine for induction had the highest rate of PIH (n = 31; 36.5%), and the difference was statistically significant compared to patients receiving reduced-dose ketamine (16.7%; P = 0.021) and full-dose etomidate (22.8%; P = 0.010).

Conclusion
We observed that full-dose ketamine was associated with the highest rate of PIH; however, this group had the poorest baseline hemodynamics, confounding interpretation. Our results do not support broad use of a reduced-dose induction agent.
Bayesian hierarchical modeling and inference for mechanistic systems in industrial hygiene
Authors: Pan Soumyakanti , Das Darpan , Ramachandran Gurumurthy , Banerjee Sudipto 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A series of experiments in stationary and moving passenger rail cars were conducted to measure removal rates of particles in the size ranges of SARS-CoV-2 viral aerosols and the air changes per hour provided by existing and modified air handling systems. Such methods for exposure assessments are customarily based on mechanistic models derived from physical laws of particle movement that are deterministic and do not account for measurement errors inherent in data collection. The resulting analysis compromises on reliably learning about mechanistic factors such as ventilation rates, aerosol generation rates, and filtration efficiencies from field measurements. This manuscript develops a Bayesian state-space modeling framework that synthesizes information from the mechanistic system as well as the field data. We derive a stochastic model from finite difference approximations of differential equations explaining particle concentrations. Our inferential framework trains the mechanistic system using the field measurements from the chamber experiments and delivers reliable estimates of the underlying physical process with fully model-based uncertainty quantification. Our application falls within the realm of the Bayesian “melding” of mechanistic and statistical models and is of significant relevance to environmental hygienists and public health researchers working on assessing the performance of aerosol removal rates for rail car fleets.
BREAST-Q Analysis of Reduction Mammaplasty: Do Postoperative Complications of Breast Reduction Surgery Negatively Affect Patient Satisfaction?
Authors: Park John B , Adebagbo Oluwaseun D , Rahmani Benjamin , Lee Daniela , Prospero Matthew , Puducheri Shreyas , Chen Amy , Tobin Micaela , Yamin Mohammed , Boustany Ashley N , Lee Bernard T , Lin Samuel J , Cauley Ryan P 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Reduction mammaplasty can provide symptomatic relief to patients suffering from macromastia; however, complications such as dehiscence are common. It is unknown if the presence of complications affects patient-reported outcomes.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for the development of complications, and to examine the correlation between postoperative complications and patient-reported outcomes in reduction mammaplasty.

Methods
A single-center retrospective chart review was undertaken of patients who received reduction mammaplasties (CPT 19318), performed by 13 surgeons, between January 2017 and February 2023. Breast cancer cases and oncoplastic reconstructions were excluded. Patients with &gt;1 complication were grouped into the complications cohort. Satisfaction was assessed by administering the BREAST-Q survey.

Results
A total of 661 patients were included for analysis, 131 of whom developed at least 1 complication. Patients in the group with complications had significantly higher average ages and BMIs, and a higher likelihood of hypertension and diabetes (P &lt; .01). Among 180 BREAST-Q responders, 41 had at least 1 complication. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups (complications vs no complications) across survey outcomes. Although obese patients were more likely to develop infection and require revisions (P &lt; .01), no significant differences in subgroup analysis of patient-reported outcomes focusing on obese patients were observed.

Conclusions
Obesity, hypertension, and diabetes were associated with postoperative complications of reduction mammaplasty. Patients with complications had similar postoperative BREAST-Q satisfaction to patients without complications. Although risk optimization is critical, patients and surgeons should be reassured that satisfaction may be achieved even in the event of a complication.

Level of Evidence: 3
Hepatectomy versus systemic therapy for liver-limited BRAF V600E-mutated colorectal liver metastases: multicentre retrospective study
Authors: Margonis Georgios Antonios , Wang Jaeyun Jane , Boerner Thomas , Moretto Roberto , Buettner Stefan , Andreatos Nikolaos , Gagnière Johan , Wagner Doris , Løes Inger Marie , Bergamo Francesca , Pietrantonio Filippo , Scartozzi Mario , Spallanzani Andrea , Vincenzi Bruno , Antoniou Efstathios , Pikoulis Emmanouil , Sartore-Bianchi Andrea , Stasinos Georgios , Sasaki Kazunari , Pawlik Timothy M , Orlandi Armando , Pella Nicoletta , Fitschek Fabian , Kaczirek Klaus , Dupré Aurélien , Pozios Ioannis , Beyer Katharina , Kornprat Peter , Aucejo Federico N , Burkhart Richard , Weiss Matthew J , Lønning Per Eystein , Poultsides George , Cremolini Chiara , Kreis Martin E , D’Angelica Michael 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
To date, only two studies have compared the outcomes of patients with liver-limited BRAF V600E-mutated colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs) managed with resection versus systemic therapy alone, and these have reported contradictory findings.

Methods
In this observational, international, multicentre study, patients with liver-limited BRAF V600E-mutated CRLMs treated with resection or systemic therapy alone were identified from institutional databases. Patterns of recurrence/progression and overall survival were compared using multivariable analyses of the entire cohort and a propensity score-matched cohort.

Results
Of 170 patients included, 119 underwent hepatectomy and 51 received systemic treatment. Surgically treated patients had a more favourable pattern of recurrence with most recurrences limited to a single site, whereas diffuse progression was more common among patients who received systemic treatment (19 versus 44%; P = 0.002). Surgically treated patients had longer median overall survival (35 versus 20 months; P &lt; 0.001). Hepatectomy was independently associated with better OS than systemic treatment alone (HR 0.37, 95% c.i. 0.21 to 0.65). In the propensity score-matched cohort, surgically treated patients had longer median overall survival (28 versus 20 months; P &lt; 0.001); hepatectomy was independently associated with better overall survival (HR 0.47, 0.25 to 0.88).

Conclusion
BRAF V600E mutation should not be considered a contraindication to surgery for patients with resectable, liver-only CRLMs.
Machine learning to promote translational research: predicting patent and clinical trial inclusion in dementia research
Authors: Beinat Matilda , Beinat Julian , Shoaib Mohammed , Magenti Jorge Gomez 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Projected to impact 1.6 million people in the UK by 2040 and costing £25 billion annually, dementia presents a growing challenge to society. This study, a pioneering effort to predict the translational potential of dementia research using machine learning, hopes to address the slow translation of fundamental discoveries into practical applications despite dementia’s significant societal and economic impact. We used the Dimensions database to extract data from 43 091 UK dementia research publications between the years 1990 and 2023, specifically metadata (authors, publication year, etc.), concepts mentioned in the paper and the paper abstract. To prepare the data for machine learning, we applied methods such as one-hot encoding and word embeddings. We trained a CatBoost Classifier to predict whether a publication will be cited in a future patent or clinical trial. We trained several model variations. The model combining metadata, concept and abstract embeddings yielded the highest performance: for patent predictions, an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.84 and 77.17% accuracy; for clinical trial predictions, an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.81 and 75.11% accuracy. The results demonstrate that integrating machine learning within current research methodologies can uncover overlooked publications, expediting the identification of promising research and potentially transforming dementia research by predicting real-world impact and guiding translational strategies.
Early intervention and cumulative life course impairment in psoriasis: a review
Authors: Arancio Luisa Maria Halina , D’Amico Domenico , Dastoli Stefano , Fiorella Carmen Silvia , Manfredini Marco , Moretta Gaia , Paolino Giovanni , Levi Anna , Di Fino Sara , Zucchi Barbara , Piaserico Stefano 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory disease affecting the skin, joints and other organs. Psoriasis negatively affects patients’ quality of life, causing social anxiety and negative coping, thus determining a cumulative life course impairment (CLCI). The concept of CLCI in psoriasis is reinforced by the understanding that psoriasis-associated comorbidities and stigma accumulate over a patient’s life course, resulting from an interaction between the burden of stigmatization, physical and psychological comorbidities, coping strategies and external factors. The concept may help identify more vulnerable patients and facilitate more appropriate treatment decisions or earlier referrals. Although some potential risk factors for CLCI have been clarified, no all-encompassing screening tools are available. Patients at risk for CLCI should be identified by applying clinical, personal and psychosocial indicators and predictors individually.
Early intervention in psoriasis treatment could improve long-term patient outcomes and modify the disease course. However, more research is needed to clearly define what constitutes ‘early’ intervention and to identify the most effective strategies for implementation. From a preventive point of view, it is helpful to identify early interventions aimed at reducing the risk of CLCI and establishing a new life course trajectory in patients with psoriasis. This review summarizes the latest developments in CLCI and psoriasis, highlighting knowledge gaps and future directions to make control of CLCI a possible goal for therapies.
Genes associated with cortical thickness alterations in behavioral addiction
Authors: Xie Hongsheng , Wang Yuanyuan , Zhu Fei , Zhang Feifei , Wu Baolin , Zhao Ziru , Gan Ruoqiu , Gong Qiyong , Jia Zhiyun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Behavioral addiction (BA) is a conceptually new addictive phenotype characterized by compulsive reward-seeking behaviors despite adverse consequences. Currently, its underlying neurogenetic mechanism remains unclear. Here, this study aimed to investigate the association between cortical thickness (CTh) and genetic phenotypes in BA. We conducted a systematic search in five databases and extracted gene expression data from the Allen Human Brain Atlas. Meta-analysis of 10 studies (343 addicted individuals and 355 controls) revealed that the BA group showed thinner CTh in the precuneus, postcentral gyrus, orbital-frontal cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (P &lt; 0.005). Meta-regression showed that the CTh in the precuneus and postcentral gyrus were negatively associated with the addiction severity (P &lt; 0.0005). More importantly, the CTh phenotype of BA was spatially correlated with the expression of 12 genes (false discovery rate [FDR] &lt; 0.05), and the dopamine D2 receptor had the highest correlation (rho = 0.55). Gene enrichment analysis further revealed that the 12 genes were involved in the biological processes of behavior regulation and response to stimulus (FDR &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, our findings demonstrated the thinner CTh in cognitive control-related brain areas in BA, which could be associated with the expression of genes involving dopamine metabolism and behavior regulation.
Novel mutation patterns in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Prasad Narayan , Meyyappan Jeyakumar , Dhanorkar Manoj , Kushwaha Ravi , Mandal Kausik , Veeranki Vamsidhar , Behera Manas , Patel Manas , Yadav Brijesh , Bhadauria Dharmendra , Kaul Anupama , Yaccha Monika , Bhatt Mansi , Agarwal Vinita , Jain Monoj 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) in children poses treatment challenges, with a subset developing steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). Genetic factors play a role, yet data on paediatric SRNS genetics in India are scarce. We conducted a prospective study using whole-exome sequencing to explore genetic variants and their clinical correlations.

Methods
A single-centre prospective study (October 2018–April 2023) enrolled children with SRNS, undergoing renal biopsy and genetic testing per institutional protocol. Clinical, histological, and genetic data were recorded. DNA isolation and next-generation sequencing were conducted for genetic analysis. Data collection included demographics, clinical parameters, and kidney biopsy findings. Syndromic features were evaluated, with second-line immunosuppressive therapy administered. Patient and renal outcomes are presented for patients with and without genetic variants.

Results
A total of 680 paediatric NS patients were analysed, with 121 (17.8%) having SRNS and 96 consent to genetic analysis. 69 (71.9%) had early SRNS, 27 (28.1%) late. Among participants, 62 (64.58%) had reportable genetic variants. The most common were in COL4A genes, with 20 (31.7%) positive. Renal biopsy showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in 31/42 (74%) with variants, 16/28 (57.1%) without variants. Second-line immunosuppressions varied, with CNIs the most common. Outcomes varied, with partial or complete remission achieved in some while others progressed to ESRD.

Conclusion
The study underscores the importance of genetic analysis in paediatric SRNS, revealing variants in 65.7% of cases. COL4A variants were predominant. Variants correlated with varied renal outcomes, highlighting potential prognostic implications. These findings emphasize the value of personalized approaches and further research in managing paediatric SRNS.
Additional value of cardiac magnetic resonance parametric mapping in tissue characterization of common benign paediatric cardiac tumours
Authors: Ciliberti Paolo , Bordonaro Veronica , Curione Davide , Perazzolo Alessio , Ciancarella Paolo , Santangelo Teresa , Napolitano Carmela , Natale Luigi , Galletti Lorenzo , Secinaro Aurelio 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aims
Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) parametric mapping is underexplored in cardiac tumours. To evaluate the contribution of mapping sequences on the characterization of paediatric tumours.

Methods and results
All paediatric patients referred for cardiac tumours at Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital from June 2017 to November 2023, who underwent CMR with mapping sequences, were included. The diagnosis of tumour type was performed according to signal characteristics on different sequences. Mass parametric mapping for each subtype and interobserver variability was assessed. Sixteen patients were enrolled. The mean age at CMR was 7 ± 5 years. ‘Traditional’ mass type assessment diagnosed haemangioma (Group A) in three patients (19%), fibroma (Group B) in four patients (25%), rhabdomyoma (Group C) in six patients (37%), and lipoma (Group D) in three patients (19%). The analysis of variance analysis revealed significant differences in mass native T1 and mass extracellular volume (ECV) values among the four subgroups (P &lt; 0.001 for both comparisons). The mean native T1 and ECV values were respectively 1465 ± 158 ms and 54 ± 4% for Group A, 860 ± 118 ms and 93 ± 4% for Group B, 1007 ± 57 ms and 23 ± 5% for Group C, and 215 ± 13 ms and 0 ± 0% for Group D.

Conclusion
Mass mapping analysis is feasible and reproducible in children. ECV values provide the most accurate differentiation. Mass ECV consistently resembles normal myocardium in rhabdomyoma, is extremely high (approaching 100%) in fibroma, equals to zero in lipoma, and matches blood pool ECV (1-Hct) in haemangioma.