bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frictional contact algorithms in SPH for the simulation of soil–structure interaction
Authors: Wang Jian , Chan Dave 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYSimulation of frictional contact between soils and rigid or deformable structure in the framework of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is presented in this study. Two algorithms are implemented into the SPH code to describe contact behavior, where the contact forces are calculated using the law of conservation of momentum based on ideal plastic collision or using the criteria of partial penetrating. In both algorithms, the problem of boundary deficiency inherited from SPH is properly handled so that the particles located at contact boundary can have precise acceleration, which is critical for contact detection. And the movement and rotation of the rigid structure are taken into account so that it is easy to simulate the process of pile driving or movement of a retaining wall in geotechnical engineering analysis. Furthermore, the capability of modeling deformability of a structure during frictional contact simulations broadens the fields of SPH application. In contrast to previous work dealing with contact in SPH, which usually use particle‐to‐particle contact or ignoring sliding between particles and solid structure, the method proposed here is more efficient and accurate, and it is suitable to simulate interaction between soft materials and rigid or deformable structures, which are very common in geotechnical engineering. A number of numerical tests are carried out to verify the accuracy and stability of the proposed algorithms, and their results are compared with analytical solutions or results from finite element method analysis. Good agreement obtained from these comparisons suggests that the proposed algorithms are robust and can be applied to extend the capability of SPH in solving geotechnical problems. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effects of prolapse surgery on vaginal wall sensibility, vaginal vasocongestion, and sexual function: A prospective single centre study
Authors: Lakeman Marielle M. E. , Laan Ellen , Roovers Jan‐Paul W. R. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAimsProlapse surgery has been shown to positively alter body image and decrease pelvic floor symptoms, hereby possibly improving sexual function. However, the surgical trauma itself may adversely affect sexual function, by damaging vaginal innervation and vascularization. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of vaginal prolapse surgery on vaginal vasocongestion, vaginal wall sensibility, and sexual function.MethodsA prospective study was performed, including patients scheduled for vaginal prolapse surgery. Participants underwent measurements before and 6 months after surgery, during non‐erotic and erotic visual stimuli. Measurements were performed using a vaginal combi‐probe which includes vaginal photoplethysmography to assess vaginal pulse amplitude (VPA) (representing vaginal vasocongestion), and four pulse‐generating electrodes to measure vaginal wall sensibility (representing vaginal innervation). Sexual function was assessed using validated questionnaires (FSFI, FSDS‐R, SSAQ).ResultsTwenty‐nine women were included, 24 (83%) completed the 6 months follow‐up. VPA analysis showed a significant reduction in vaginal vasocongestion during sexual stimulation post‐operatively (pre‐op 2.4 mV (SD 2.5) vs. post‐op 1.7 mV (SD 2.4), P = 0.05). Vaginal wall sensibility in the cranial posterior vaginal wall was significantly reduced after surgery (pre‐op 13.3 mA vs. post‐op 17.5 mA, P < 0.05). Vaginal wall sensibility in the other three locations was not affected by surgery. Sexual function as assessed with questionnaires, was not significantly affected.ConclusionProlapse surgery negatively impacted levels of vaginal vasocongestion during erotic stimuli as well as vaginal wall sensibility in the cranial posterior wall. Future studies are needed to tease out if these changes in physiological factors are relevant for subjective sexual function. Neurourol. Urodynam. 33:1217–1224, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A survey of autonomic networking architectures: towards a Unified Management Framework
Authors: Tsagkaris Kostas , Nguengang Gerard , Galani Aristi , Grida Ben Yahia Imen , Ghader Majid , Kaloxylos Alexandros , Gruber Markus , Kousaridas Apostolis , Bouet Mathieu , Georgoulas Stylianos , Bantouna Aimilia , Alonistioti Nancy , Demestichas Panagiotis 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYAcademic and industrial research initiatives have sought to make fully autonomic networks a reality. Some of these initiatives pursued a holistic approach, while others focused on setting up functionalities for specific networking domains. These efforts did not succeed in being extensively deployed, because the goals of network operators were not satisfactorily met. These goals include unification of management operations, enablement of end‐to‐end management and enhancement of the overall system performance in a trusted way, while reducing management cost. In this paper, we analyse a set of existing autonomic management architectures and frameworks with respect to a selected set of criteria. We then identify missing parts and challenges and propose a framework to unify the most promising attributes towards a novel approach of realization of autonomic networking management. We call this proposal Unified Management Framework (UMF). Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust capacity assignment solutions for telecommunications networks with uncertain demands
Authors: Babonneau F. , Vial J.‐P. , Klopfenstein O. , Ouorou A. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWe consider the capacity planning of telecommunications networks with linear investment costs and uncertain future traffic demands. Transmission capacities must be large enough to meet, with a high quality of service (QoS), the range of possible demands, after adequate routings of the traffic on the created network. We use the robust optimization methodology to balance the need for a given QoS with the cost of investment. Our model assumes that the traffic for each individual demand fluctuates in an interval around a nominal value. We use a refined version of affine decision rules based on a concept of demand proximity to model the routings as affine functions of the demand realizations. We then give a probabilistic analysis assuming the random variables follow a triangular distribution. Finally, we perform numerical experiments on network instances from Survivable fixed telecommunication Network Design Library (SNDlib) and measure the quality of the solutions by simulation. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 62(4), 255–272 2013
A maritime inventory routing problem: Discrete time formulations and valid inequalities
Authors: Agra Agostinho , Andersson Henrik , Christiansen Marielle , Wolsey Laurence 
Published: October 2013

AbstractA single‐product maritime inventory routing problem (MIRP) is studied in which the production and consumption rates vary over the planning horizon. The problem involves a heterogeneous fleet and multiple production and consumption ports with limited storage capacity. Two discrete time formulations are developed: an original model and a reformulated model that is a pure fixed charge network flow (FCNF) model with side constraints. Mixed integer sets arising from the decomposition of the formulations are identified. In particular, several lot‐sizing relaxations are derived for the formulations and used to establish valid inequalities to strengthen the proposed formulations. Until now, the derivation of models and valid inequalities for MIRPs has mainly been inspired by the developments in the routing community. Here, we have developed a new model leading to new valid inequalities for MIRPs obtained by generalizing valid inequalities from the recent lot‐sizing literature. Considering a set of instances based on real data, a computational study is conducted to test the formulations and the effectiveness of the valid inequalities. The FCNF formulation is generally much stronger than the original formulation. The developed valid inequalities reduce the integrality gap significantly for both formulations. By using a branch‐and‐bound scheme based on the strengthened FCNF formulation, most of our test instances are solved to optimality. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 62(4), 297–314 2013
The split delivery capacitated team orienteering problem
Authors: Archetti C. , Bianchessi N. , Speranza M.G. , Hertz A. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn this article, we study the capacitated team orienteering problem where split deliveries are allowed. A set of potential customers is given, each associated with a demand and a profit. The set of customers to be served by a fleet of capacitated vehicles has to be identified in such a way that the profit collected is maximized, while satisfying constraints on the maximum time duration of each route and the vehicle capacity constraints. When split deliveries are allowed, each customer may be served by more than one vehicle. We show that the profit collected by allowing split deliveries may be as large as twice the profit collected under the constraint that each customer has to be served by one vehicle at most. We then present a branch‐and‐price exact algorithm and a hybrid heuristic. We show the effectiveness of the proposed approaches on benchmark instances and on a new set of instances that allow us to computationally evaluate the impact of split deliveries. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 63(1), 16–33 2014
A detailed description of the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman model within a mixed velocity–pressure finite element formulation
Authors: Cao T.‐S. , Montmitonnet P. , Bouchard P.‐O. 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYIn an effort to implement Gurson‐type models into a mixed velocity–pressure finite element formulation with the MINI‐element P1 +  ∕ P1, the algorithm proposed by Aravas (IJNME, 1987) to integrate the pressure dependent plasticity as well as the formulations of consistent tangent moduli have been analyzed. This work firstly reviews and clarifies the mathematical basis of the formulations used by Aravas (IJNME, 1987) and demonstrates the equality of the tangent moduli formulations proposed by Govindarajan and Aravas (CNME, 1995) and Zhang (CMAME, 1995), which are widely used in the literature. A unified formulation to calculate the tangent moduli is proven, and its accuracy is also investigated by the finite difference method. The implementation of the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman model is then detailed for the mixed velocity–pressure finite element formulation, which employs the MINI‐element P1 +  ∕ P1. Due to the particularity of this element, one needs to calculate two tangent moduli instead of one. The formulas for calculating the ‘linear tangent modulus’ and the ‘bubble tangent modulus’ are then detailed. Finally, comparison tests are carried out with ABAQUS (Dassault System, Simulia Corp., Providence, RI, USA) in order to validate the present implementation for both homogeneous and heterogeneous deformations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Global 2D digital image correlation for motion estimation in a finite element framework: a variational formulation and a regularized, pyramidal, multi‐grid implementation
Authors: Fedele R. , Galantucci L. , Ciani A. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTIn this study, the inverse problem of reconstructing the in‐plane (2D) displacements of a monitored surface through a sequence of two‐dimensional digital images, severely ill‐posed in Hadamard's sense, is deeply investigated. A novel variational formulation is presented for the continuum 2D digital image correlation problem, and critical issues such as semi‐coercivity and solution multiplicity are discussed by functional analysis tools. In the framework of a Galerkin, finite element discretization of the displacement field, a robust implementation for 2D digital image correlation is outlined, aiming to attenuate the spurious oscillations which corrupt the deformation scenario, especially when very fine meshes are adopted. Recourse is made to a hierarchical family of grids linked by suitable restriction and prolongation operators and defined over an image pyramid. Multi‐grid cycles are performed ascending and descending along the pyramid, with only one Newton iteration per level irrespective of the tolerance satisfaction, as if the problem were linear. At each level, the conventional least‐square matching functional is herein enriched by a Tychonoff regularization provision, preserving the solution against an unstable response. The algorithm is assessed on the basis of both synthetic and truly experimental image pairs. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Multilevel Analysis of the Effects of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index on Nurse Outcomes
Authors: Gabriel Allison S. , Erickson Rebecca J. , Moran Christina M. , Diefendorff James M. , Bromley Gail E. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractFew researchers have examined how the components of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES‐NWI) relate to nurses' well‐being at multiple organizational levels. The objective of the study was to perform a multilevel assessment of the relationships of the PES‐NWI subscales with three nurse outcomes: job satisfaction, emotional exhaustion, and turnover intentions. Additionally, we tested the multilevel factor structure of the PES‐NWI. In a sample of 699 full‐time registered nurses in 79 units and 9 branches of a hospital system, relationships of the NWI with nurse outcomes were fairly consistent across levels of analysis. However, subscales contributed differently to the three outcomes, demonstrating the complexity of environmental influences on nurses' work experience. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 36: 567–581, 2013
A risk algorithm for assessing short–term mortality for obese black and white men and women
Authors: Lakoski Susan G. , Mallick Himel , McClure Leslie A. , Safford Monika , Kissela Brett , Howard George , Cushman Mary 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveTo develop and validate a mortality risk algorithm for obese black and white men and women to elucidate risk factors prognostic of short‐term mortality among obese persons.MethodsProspective cohort study. Reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke (REGARDS) study, is a cohort of black and white men and women aged ≥45 years. Obese (≥30 kg m−2) participants in REGARDS (n = 11 288) were randomly assigned to the derivation data set or an independent validation set.ResultsDuring the mean follow‐up period of 4.9 years, 8.9% (n = 504) in the derivation cohort and 8.7% (n = 492) in the validation cohort died. The best‐fitting model based on data from the derivation cohort included demographic (age, sex), coronary heart disease (CHD) conditions (diabetes, systolic blood pressure, history of CHD), health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, alcohol use), and socioeconomic variables (income, use of physician services). The C‐statistic when the model was applied to the validation cohort was 0.80. Observed and predicted rates of mortality were similar across deciles of mortality risk by race.ConclusionsA risk algorithm was established and validated to predict mortality among black and white obese subjects based on CHD risk factors, behavioral risk factors, and socioeconomic status.
Hepatic insulin clearance is the primary determinant of insulin sensitivity in the normal dog
Authors: Ader Marilyn , Stefanovski Darko , Kim Stella P. , Richey Joyce M. , Ionut Viorica , Catalano Karyn J. , Hucking Katrin , Ellmerer Martin , Van Citters Gregg , Hsu Isabel R. , Chiu Jenny D. , Woolcott Orison O. , Harrison Lisa N. , Zheng Dan , Lottati Maya , Kolka Cathryn M. , Mooradian Vahe , Dittmann Justin , Yae Sophia , Liu Huiwen , Castro Ana Valeria B. , Kabir Morvarid , Bergman Richard N. 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveInsulin resistance is a powerful risk factor for Type 2 diabetes and a constellation of chronic diseases, and is most commonly associated with obesity. We examined if factors other than obesity are more substantial predictors of insulin sensitivity under baseline, nonstimulated conditions.MethodsMetabolic assessment was performed in healthy dogs (n = 90). Whole‐body sensitivity from euglycemic clamps (SICLAMP) was the primary outcome variable, and was measured independently by IVGTT (n = 36). Adiposity was measured by MRI (n = 90), and glucose‐stimulated insulin response was measured from hyperglycemic clamp or IVGTT (n = 86 and 36, respectively).ResultsSICLAMP was highly variable (5.9‐75.9 dl/min per kg per μU/ml). Despite narrow range of body weight (mean, 28.7 ± 0.3 kg), adiposity varied approximately eight‐fold and was inversely correlated with SICLAMP (P < 0.025). SICLAMP was negatively associated with fasting insulin, but most strongly associated with insulin clearance. Clearance was the dominant factor associated with sensitivity (r = 0.53, P < 0.00001), whether calculated from clamp or IVGTT.ConclusionsThese data suggest that insulin clearance contributes substantially to insulin sensitivity, and may be pivotal in understanding the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. We propose the hyperinsulinemia due to reduction in insulin clearance is responsible for insulin resistance secondary to changes in body weight.
Cord blood levels of osteopontin as a phenotype marker of gestational age and neonatal morbidities
Authors: Joung Kyoung Eun , Christou Helen , Park Kyung‐Hee , Mantzoros Christos S. 
Published: October 2013

ObjectivesOsteopontin (OPN) is a proinflammatory cytokine associated with metabolic syndrome. Extreme birth weight categories including small for gestational age (SGA), and large for gestational age (LGA) are risk factors for metabolic syndrome. However normal levels of plasma OPN in neonates and the relationship of OPN to fetal growth remain unknown. We evaluated the association of umbilical cord blood OPN with gestational age, birth weight, and neonatal outcomes.MethodsA cross‐sectional study of 261 newborns of all gestational ages beginning at week 26, and 26 adults for comparison was performed. Umbilical cord blood from newborns and analyzed plasma for OPN by ELISA was collected.ResultsPlasma OPN was significantly higher in neonates (414.65 ± 136.72 ng/mL) compared to adults (33.37 ± 14.66 ng/mL, P < 0.001). There was an inverse correlation between OPN and gestational age (r = −0.48, P < 0.0001). LGA infants had lower OPN than appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants, but LGA was not an independent predictor of OPN in multivariate analysis. Among preterm infants, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) was independently associated with higher OPN (OR = 2.49, P = 0.02).ConclusionOur results raise the possibility that OPN has a physiologic role in fetal growth and development, and may be a useful biomarker for PDA.
Combined effects of oligofructose and Bifidobacterium animalis on gut microbiota and glycemia in obese rats
Authors: Bomhof Marc R. , Saha Dolan C. , Reid Danielle T. , Paul Heather A. , Reimer Raylene A. 
Published: October 2013

ObjectivePrebiotics and probiotics may be able to modify an obesity‐associated gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to examine the individual and combined effects of the prebiotic oligofructose (OFS) and the probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB‐12 (BB‐12) on gut microbiota and host metabolism in obese rats.MethodsAdult male, diet‐induced obese Sprague Dawley rats were randomized to: (1) Control (C); (2) 10% OFS; (3) BB‐12; (4) OFS + BB‐12 for 8 weeks (n = 9‐10 rats/group). Body composition, glycemia, gut permeability, satiety hormones, cytokines, and gut microbiota were examined.ResultsPrebiotic, but not probiotic reduced energy intake, weight gain, and fat mass (P < 0.01). OFS, BB‐12, and the combined OFS + BB‐12 improved glycemia (P < 0.05). Individually, OFS and BB‐12 reduced insulin levels (P < 0.05). Portal GLP‐1 was increased with OFS, whereas probiotic increased GLP‐2 (P < 0.05). There was a marked increase in bifidobacteria and lactobacilli (P < 0.01) with OFS that was not observed with probiotic alone.ConclusionsThe impact of prebiotic intake on body composition and gut microbiota was of greater magnitude than the probiotic BB‐12. Despite this, an improvement in glucose AUC with both prebiotic or probiotic demonstrates the beneficial role of each of these “biotic” agents in glycemic control.
Effect of d‐fagomine on excreted enterobacteria and weight gain in rats fed a high‐fat high‐sucrose diet
Authors: Ramos‐Romero Sara , Molinar‐Toribio Eunice , Gómez Livia , Pérez‐Jiménez Jara , Casado Marta , Clapés Pere , Piña Benjamín , Torres Josep Lluís 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveBecoming overweight has been related to elevated levels of Enterobacteriales in the gut. d‐Fagomine is an iminosugar that has been shown to selectively agglutinate Enterobacteriales in vitro. The goal of this work is to establish whether d‐fagomine exerts a similar effect in vivo and whether this has any downstream consequences on weight gain.MethodsThe rats were fed a high‐fat high‐sucrose diet (HFHS) supplemented with d‐fagomine (or not; for comparison) or a standard diet for 5 weeks. The levels of total bacteria, Enterobacteriales and Escherichia coli were determined in fecal samples by performing quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reactions on DNA.ResultsWhereas the total levels of bacteria were independent of the diet, rats fed HFHS (without d‐fagomine) excreted significantly higher proportions of Enterobacteriales and E. coli than those fed a standard diet. The levels of Enterobacteriales and E. coli of the rats given HFHS with d‐fagomine were similar to those of the rats fed a standard diet. Compared to the standard group, rats fed HFHS with d‐fagomine gained significantly less weight (15.3%) than those fed HFHS (20.9%).Conclusiond‐Fagomine reduces the amount of Enterobacteriales excreted by rats fed HFHS and this may help to avert becoming obese.
CXCR3 modulates obesity‐induced visceral adipose inflammation and systemic insulin resistance
Authors: Deiuliis Jeffrey A. , Oghumu Steve , Duggineni Dheeraj , Zhong Jixin , Rutsky Jessica , Banerjee Ambar , Needleman Bradley , Mikami Dean , Narula Vimal , Hazey Jeffrey , Satoskar Abhay R. , Rajagopalan Sanjay 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveChemokine (C‐X‐C motif) receptor 3 (CXCR3) is a chemokine receptor involved in the regulation of immune cell trafficking and activation. Increased CXCR3 expression in the visceral adipose of obese humans and mice was observed. A pathophysiologic role for CXCR3 in diet‐induced obesity (DIO) was hypothesized.MethodsWild‐type (WT) C57B/L6J and chemokine receptor 3 knockout (CXCR3−/−) mice were fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks followed by assessment of glucose metabolism and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) inflammation.ResultsCXCR3−/− mice exhibited lower fasting glucose and improved glucose tolerance compared with WT‐HFD mice, despite similar body mass. HFD‐induced VAT innate and adaptive immune cell infiltration, including immature myeloid cells (CD11b+ F4/80lo Ly6C+), were markedly ameliorated in CXCR3−/− mice. In vitro IBIDI and in vivo migration assays demonstrated no CXCR3‐mediated effect on macrophage or monocyte migration, respectively. CXCR3−/− macrophages, however, had a blunted response to interferon‐γ, a TH1 cytokine that induces macrophage activation.ConclusionsA previously unreported role for CXCR3 in the development of HFD‐induced insulin resistance (IR) and VAT macrophage infiltration in mice was demonstrated. Our results support pharmaceutical targeting of the CXCR3 receptor as a potential treatment for obesity/IR.