bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease is associated with worse time in ranges in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Aernouts Chloë , Beldé Sarah P. W. , Lambrechts Julie , Mertens Jonathan , Ledeganck Kristien J. , Francque Sven M. , De Block Christophe E. M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the relationship between continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)‐derived glucometrics and metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in type 1 diabetes (T1D).MethodsA cross‐sectional study collecting data on anthropometrics, glucometrics and MASLD in adults with T1D using a CGM device was conducted. MASLD was assessed by abdominal ultrasound and the presence of at least one cardiometabolic criterion. Backward multivariable logistic regression models were applied to define variables independently associated with MASLD.ResultsA total of 302 consecutive participants were included (median age 49 [34‐61] years, male sex 58%, median diabetes duration 29 [17‐38] years, mean time in range [TIR] 55% ± 16%). MASLD was present in 17% of cases, and 32% had metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS was significantly more prevalent in the MASLD group (65% vs. 25%, P < .0001). TIR (P = .038) and time below range (TBR) (P = .032) were lower and time above range (TAR) was higher (P = .006), whereas HbA1c did not reach significance (P = .068). No differences were found for the glycaemia risk index. TIR (P = .028), TAR (P = .007), TBR (P = .036), waist circumference (P < .001) and systolic blood pressure (P = .029) were independently associated with MASLD, while sex, age, aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio, gamma‐glutamyl transferase, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were not.ConclusionsTIR, TAR, TBR, waist circumference and systolic blood pressure were independently associated with MASLD.
Multiple aortic root pseudoaneurysms with dissecting aneurysm of the interventricular septum diagnosed by multimodal imaging
Authors: He Jingyi , He Jiahui , Xia Juan , Ma Xiaojing , Xu Zhenyi , Pan Tianhao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAortic root pseudoaneurysm is a devastating complication post aortic valve replacement with a high mortality rate. And dissecting aneurysm into the interventricular septum is a rare variant of aortic root pseudoaneurysm, which is scarcely reported. Multimodal imaging is of great value in its diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
A natural intra‐specific hybridization between populations of B. mucronatus with European and East Asian genotypes, in pine forests
Authors: Tomalak Marek , Filipiak Anna 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBursaphelenchus mucronatus Mamiya & Enda, 1979 is a wood nematode widely distributed over Palearctic coniferous forests. It has two subspecies, that is, B. mucronatus mucronatus and B. mucronatus kolymensis, which present molecularly different East Asian and European genotypes, respectively. The European subspecies is found mainly in Europe and Siberia, while the East Asian subspecies occupies mostly Eastern regions of Asia. However, local isolates of both subspecies have been occasionally reported from various localities in Europe and Asia. Our field isolation and molecular (DNA ITS‐RFLP) identification of 21 recently collected populations of B. mucronatus revealed only 4 isolates representing clearly East Asian or European genotypes, while the remaining 17 isolates showed intermediate genotypes with electrophoretic band characters of both the above types. Further individual crossbreeding, in vitro, of nematodes representing European, East Asian, and intermediate genotypes provided experimental evidence for the process of intraspecific hybridization between both subspecies, spontaneously taking place in the forest. Such a widening of the B. mucronatus genetic variation may have its effect on a range of reported in the literature direct interactions between this native, nonpathogenic nematode species and the genetically similar, causative agent of the pine wilt disease B. xylophilus which can colonize the same host trees, use the same insect vectors, compete, and crossbreed inter‐specifically.
Clinically relevant doses of tiludronate do not affect bone remodelling in pasture‐exercised horses
Authors: Tippen Samantha P. , Metzger Corinne E. , Sacks Spencer A. , Allen Matthew R. , Mitchell Colin F. , McNulty Margaret A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundBisphosphonates are widely used in equine athletes to reduce lameness associated with skeletal disorders. Widespread off‐label use has led to concern regarding potential negative effects on bone healing, but little evidence exists to support or refute this.ObjectivesTo investigate the influence of clinically relevant doses of tiludronate on bone remodelling and bone healing.Study designRandomised, controlled in vivo experiments.MethodsEach horse had a single tuber coxae biopsied (Day 0), then were divided into a treatment (IV tiludronate) or control (IV saline) group. Treatments were administered 30 and 90 days following initial biopsy. Biopsy of the tuber coxae was repeated on Day 60 to evaluate bone healing following a single treatment. Oxytetracycline was administered on Days 137 and 147 to label bone formation. The contralateral tuber coxae was biopsied on Day 150 to evaluate effects of repeated treatment. Bone biopsies were evaluated with micro‐computed tomography and/or dynamic histomorphometry using standard techniques.ResultsNineteen horses completed the study, with no complications following the biopsies and treatments. No significant differences in the trabecular bone parameters or bone formation rate were observed between treatment groups.Main limitationsThe use of a first‐generation bisphosphonate may mean some effects of these drugs are underrepresented using this model. The results pertain to the tuber coxae and may not reflect injury or the healing response that occurs in long bones in training or racing.ConclusionsIn this model, tiludronate did not affect normal bone remodelling in the horse, despite repeat dosages.
A multi‐focus image fusion network deployed in smart city target detection
Authors: Zhao Haojie , Guo Shuang , Jeon Gwanggil , Yang Xiaomin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the global monitoring of smart cities, the demands of global object detection systems based on cloud and fog computing in intelligent systems can be satisfied by photographs with globally recognized properties. Nevertheless, conventional techniques are constrained by the imaging depth of field and can produce artefacts or indistinct borders, which can be disastrous for accurately detecting the object. In light of this, this paper proposes an artificial intelligence‐based gradient learning network that gathers and enhances domain information at different sizes in order to produce globally focused fusion results. Gradient features, which provide a lot of boundary information, can eliminate the problem of border artefacts and blur in multi‐focus fusion. The multiple‐receptive module (MRM) facilitates effective information sharing and enables the capture of object properties at different scales. In addition, with the assistance of the global enhancement module (GEM), the network can effectively combine the scale features and gradient data from various receptive fields and reinforce the features to provide precise decision maps. Numerous experiments have demonstrated that our approach outperforms the seven most sophisticated algorithms currently in use.
Intergenerationally tied relocation and care circulation: Motivations, struggles, and future arrangements
Authors: Bai Xue , Luk Joanne , He Ranran , Lai Daniel W.L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigates the processes and experiences of intergenerationally tied relocation in which older parents from mainland China join their already migrated children in Hong Kong to provide domestic and childcare support.BackgroundStudies on tied migration have mainly focused on couple‐based moves within a human capital framework. With the increasing trend of grandparenting migrants, studies have expanded to address intergenerationally tied relocation.MethodWe conducted thematic analysis of in‐depth interview data of 34 mainland Chinese respondents, including 15 parent–child pairs and four adult children.ResultsThe decision to relocate is influenced by the established history of intergenerational supportive exchange relationships. The initial motivation for tied relocation is to benefit the adult children. Older parents' postrelocation experiences can affect their later decision to leave or remain, with key factors including financial dependence, emotional stress, and difficulty in balancing the duty of care between migrant children and distant family members. In planning for future eldercare, the goal is to meet the needs of both generations. Options include non‐coresidential care, reliance on the parents' hometown sibling network, or living in nearby mainland cities closer to Hong Kong.ConclusionThe study highlights the complex interplay of family relationships and responsibilities in the phenomenon of intergenerationally tied relocation. The findings unveil the dynamic roles and adaptive strategies families utilize to facilitate the transfer of care and support across generations and geographies.ImplicationsPolicy and services should be developed to assist aging immigrant families in their adaptation and integration, and formulate strategies for meeting future care needs.
Functional diversity in archaeal Hsp60: a molecular mosaic of Group I and Group II chaperonin
Authors: Bhakta Koustav , Roy Mousam , Samanta Shirsha , Ghosh Abhrajyoti 
Published: June 2024

External stress disrupts the balance of protein homeostasis, necessitating the involvement of heat shock proteins (Hsps) in restoring equilibrium and ensuring cellular survival. The thermoacidophilic crenarchaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, lacks the conventional Hsp100, Hsp90, and Hsp70, relying solely on a single ATP‐dependent Group II chaperonin, Hsp60, comprising three distinct subunits (α, β, and γ) to refold unfolded substrates and maintain protein homeostasis. Hsp60 forms three different complexes, namely Hsp60αβγ, Hsp60αβ, and Hsp60β, at temperatures of 60 °C, 75 °C, and 90 °C, respectively. This study delves into the intricacies of Hsp60 complexes in S. acidocaldarius, uncovering their ability to form oligomeric structures in the presence of ATP. The recognition of substrates by Hsp60 involves hydrophobic interactions, and the subsequent refolding process occurs in an ATP‐dependent manner through charge‐driven interactions. Furthermore, the Hsp60β homo‐oligomeric complex can protect the archaeal and eukaryotic membrane from stress‐induced damage. Hsp60 demonstrates nested cooperativity in ATP hydrolysis activity, where MWC‐type cooperativity is nested within KNF‐type cooperativity. Remarkably, during ATP hydrolysis, Hsp60β, and Hsp60αβ complexes exhibit a mosaic behavior, aligning with characteristics observed in both Group I and Group II chaperonins, adding a layer of complexity to their functionality.
Relationship between donepezil and fracture risk in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Matsumoto Shoya , Yakabe Mitsutaka , Hosoi Tatsuya , Fujimori Kenji , Tamaki Junko , Nakatoh Shunichi , Ishii Shigeyuki , Okimoto Nobukazu , Akishita Masahiro , Iki Masayuki , Ogawa Sumito 
Published: June 2024

AimPatients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are at a high risk for falls and fractures. Although cholinesterase inhibitors reportedly are effective in suppressing the progression of cognitive symptoms in DLB patients, their effects on fracture risk remain unclarified. This study aimed to evaluate the association between donepezil use and hip fracture risk in older patients with DLB.MethodsUsing the Japanese insurance claim database, we collected the data of patients aged ≥65 years with DLB from April 2012 to March 2019. After propensity score matching, we compared the fracture rate over 3 years between DLB patients receiving donepezil and those not receiving antidementia drugs.ResultsAltogether, 24 022 239 individuals aged ≥65 years were newly registered from April 2012 to March 2016 and had verifiable information from 6 months before to 3 years after the registration. We identified 6634 pure‐DLB patients and analyzed the data of 1182 propensity score‐matched pairs. The characteristics, including age, sex, fracture history, osteoporosis, and bone mineral density test rate, of the two groups were well balanced by propensity score matching. The incidence rate of hip fracture was significantly lower in DLB patients receiving donepezil than in those not receiving antidementia drugs (0.60 vs. 1.44/100 person‐years, P < 0.001), whereas that of vertebral fractures was the same.ConclusionsDonepezil administration in Japanese people aged ≥65 years with DLB was significantly associated with a decreased risk of hip fracture. Donepezil may provide new benefits to DLB patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 782–788.
An integrative framework for dark taxa biodiversity assessment at scale: A case study using Megaselia (Diptera, Phoridae)
Authors: Caruso Valerio , Hartop Emily , Chimeno Caroline , Noori Sajad , Srivathsan Amrita , Haas Michael , Lee Leshon , Meier Rudolf , Whitmore Daniel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Species extinctions increase at a global scale; therefore, rapid inventorying of our planet's biodiversity is becoming more and more important. As insects represent the highest portion of the fauna and play key ecological roles, it is a pressing need to investigate their biodiversity and accelerate species discovery, especially for understudied insect groups, also known as “dark taxa.” Phoridae (Diptera) are a great example of a “dark taxon,” in particular the genus Megaselia Rondani.
The use of integrative methodologies is the best approach to face up to the task of describing hyperdiverse and dark taxa, as morphology alone can be imprecise and slow, and molecular methods alone are often insufficient and lead to errors.
Here, we used the Large‐Scale Integrative Taxonomy (LIT) approach to sort 9000 Megaselia into 277 putative species based on DNA barcodes. Each cluster passed through an evaluation of the predictors for incongruence indices between clusters and morphology (maximum p‐distance, stability index), and a subset of specimens were morphologically examined.
We provided species estimates with Chao1, and our results suggest a 15% increase in species richness on our dataset. As this estimate was mostly based on samples from southern Germany, the species count will likely increase with expanded geographic sampling. This is a step forward in the study of this taxon, despite the fact that the German insect fauna is one of the best known in Europe and boasts more than one hundred years of study on phorids.
Heat Stress Resulting From Late Sowing Impairs Grain Yield and Quality of Quinoa Genotypes Facing Drought and Salt Stress Under Field Conditions
Authors: Abbas Ghulam , Murtaza Behzad , Amjad Muhammad , Saqib Muhammad , Akram Muhammad , Naeem Muhammad Asif , Shah Ghulam Mustafa , Raza Mohsin , Ali Qasim , Ahmed Khalil 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTClimate change is causing drastic reduction in crop yields around the globe due to increase in soil salinity, drought and heat stress. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) is regarded as a very significant food security crop considering the climate change scenario. Two quinoa genotypes (Puno and Titicaca) were cultivated on salt affected soil under drought stress with different sowing dates. Compared with early sowing, late sowing combined with salinity and drought stress caused drastic decline in plant growth and grain yield due to imposition of heat stress. Plant biomass and grain yield decreased by 26% and 39% in Puno, and by 34% and 49% in Titicaca under late sowing accompanied by salt and drought stress. Relative water contents and stomatal conductance of leaves declined in the same trend in both genotypes. Shoot Na+ concentration was the highest whereas K+ concentration was the lowest in both genotypes when drought and salt stress were combined under late sowing. Grain minerals (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, K, P, N and Mn) and dietary contents (protein, lipids, carbohydrates and fibre) were decreased more under the combination of salinity and drought for late sowing as compared to early sowing. When salinity and drought stress were combined under late sowing, the contents of H2O2 and TBARS were 1.9 and 2.2‐fold higher in Puno and 2.4 and 2.6‐fold higher in Titicaca, respectively. The oxidative stress was mitigated by enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD and POD) more in Puno than Titicaca. Plant biomass and grain yield were higher in Puno with better grain quality than Titicaca. Hence, this genotype should be cultivated on salt affected soils facing drought and high temperatures.
Integrated pulmonary index during procedural sedation and analgesia: A cluster‐randomized trial
Authors: Conway Aaron , Goudarzi Rad Mohammad , Chang Kristina , Parotto Matteo , Mafeld Sebastian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effectiveness of utilizing the integrated pulmonary index for capnography implementation during sedation administered by nurses.DesignCluster‐randomized trial.MethodsParticipants were enrolled from the interventional radiology department at an academic hospital in Canada. Nurses were randomized to either enable or disable the Integrated Pulmonary Index feature of the capnography monitor. Procedures were observed by a research assistant to collect information about alarm performance characteristics. The primary outcome was the number of seconds in an alert condition state without an intervention being applied.ResultsThe number of seconds in an alarm state without intervention was higher in the group that enabled the integrated pulmonary index compared to the group that disabled this feature, but this difference did not reach statistical significance. Likewise, the difference between groups for the total alarm duration, total number of alarms and the total number of appropriate alarms was not statistically significant. The number of inappropriate alarms was higher in the group that enabled the Integrated Pulmonary Index, but this estimate was highly imprecise. There was no difference in the odds of an adverse event (measured by the Tracking and Reporting Outcomes of Procedural Sedation tool) occurring between groups. Desaturation events were uncommon and brief in both groups but the area under the SpO2 90% desaturation curve scores were lower for the group that enabled the integrated pulmonary index.ConclusionEnabling the integrated pulmonary index during nurse‐administered procedural sedation did not reduce nurses' response times to alarms. Therefore, integrating multiple physiological parameters related to respiratory assessment into a single index did not lower the threshold for intervention by nurses.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareThe time it takes to respond to capnography monitor alarms will not be reduced if the integrated pulmonary Iindex feature of capnography monitors is enabled during nurse‐administered procedural sedation.ImpactResults do not support the routine enabling of the integrated pulmonary index when nurses use capnography to monitor patients during procedural sedation as a strategy to reduce the time it takes to initiate responses to alarms.Reporting MethodCONSORT.Patient or Public ContributionThere was no patient or public contribution.Trial RegistrationThis study was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT05068700).
Transformative supply chain research: A new frontier for SCM scholars
Authors: Mollenkopf Diane A. , Esper Terry L. , Stolze Hannah J. , Ozanne Lucie K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis special topic forum (STF) on Transformative Supply Chain Research introduces a new direction in logistics and supply chain research to guide scholars in addressing the wicked problems facing 21st century society. Supply chain professionals are increasingly addressing corporate social responsibility, changing expectations from customers, resource scarcity, a changing climate, civic and political unrest, to name but a few issues of our times. But scholars have only begun to address these issues from a transformative lens, in which we consider the role of logistics and supply chain management in creating well‐being outcomes for the benefit of society. This editorial presents a 5‐pronged research agenda to guide researchers, while highlighting the three articles in this STF that serve as exemplars of transformative supply chain research.
Online or in‐class problem based learning: Which one is more effective in enhancing learning outcomes and critical thinking in higher education EFL classroom?
Authors: Orhan Ali 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough problem based learning has a great potential to promote learning outcomes as well as cognitive abilities, the number of previous studies investigating this potential on critical thinking, reading comprehension abilities and attitudes in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context is scarce. Also, the number of studies comparing the effectiveness of online and face‐to‐face problem based learning on these variables is scarcer and this limited research has yielded contradictory results.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate and compare the effectiveness of online and face‐to‐face problem based learning on critical thinking skills, dispositions, reading comprehension abilities, and attitudes of EFL students.MethodPretest‐posttest control group quasi‐experimental design was employed in this study that has two experimental groups and one control group. There were 23 (13 females and 10 males), 23 (14 females and 9 males), and 22 (12 females and 10 males) EFL students in online problem based learning group, face‐to‐face problem based learning group, and control group, respectively. In the first experimental group, problem based learning activities were conducted online while the same activities were conducted face‐to‐face in the classroom in the second experimental group. In the control group, no experimental procedures were followed and the students continued their regular instructor‐led reading activities. Watson‐Glaser Critical Thinking Test, Sosu Critical Thinking Dispositions Scale, Reading Comprehension Test, and Attitudes Towards English Scale were used to collect the data. The data were analysed using paired‐samples t‐test and ANCOVA with pretest scores as the covariate variable.Results and ConclusionsIt was found that problem based learning, either online or face‐to‐face, significantly enhanced EFL learners' reading comprehension abilities and attitudes towards English as well as their critical thinking skills and dispositions. It was also concluded that online problem based learning is more effective to enhance reading comprehension abilities and attitudes than face‐to‐face problem based learning while they are equally effective in promoting critical thinking skills and dispositions in EFL classroom.ImplicationsThis study has significant implications for educators and researchers. As this study showed that online problem based learning is a promising alternative to face‐to‐face problem based learning, universities, educators, administrators, and researchers can organize their problem based learning activities online to promote learning outcomes and cognitive abilities in language classrooms. Also, future studies employing qualitative or mixed methods can be conducted with sample groups from different educational levels to provide an in‐depth examination of the advantages and disadvantages of online and face‐to‐face problem based learning.