bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scheduling model‐to‐model transformations with continuations
Authors: Cuadrado Jesús Sánchez , Aracil Jesús Perera 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARYModel transformations are at the heart of model‐driven engineering because they allow the automation of diverse kinds of model manipulations. Transformation scheduling is a key issue in the design and implementation of many transformation languages. This paper reports our results using continuations as the underlying technique for building a scheduling mechanism implicitly driven by data dependence among transformation rules. To support our experiments, we have built a proof‐of‐concept model transformation language, which is also reported here. First, we motivate the problem by analyzing the scheduling mechanism of current model transformation languages. Then, we introduce the notion of continuation, showing its applicability to model transformations. Afterwards, we present our approach, notably explaining how dependence is specified and giving the scheduling algorithm. We also analyze the lazy resolution of rules and how to deal with collection operations. The approach is validated by an implementation that targets the Java Virtual Machine and by running of the performance benchmarks that show its efficiency and scalability. Besides, we discuss how it can be applied to other existing transformation languages and present several applicability scenarios. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental Research and Future Approach on Evaluating Service‐Oriented Architecture (SOA) Challenges in a Hard Real‐Time Combat System Environment
Authors: Moreland James D. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAs the integration and interoperability demands among heterogeneous systems increase, Service‐Oriented Architectures (SOAs) have provided a potential technical solution to integrate these complex systems within an enterprise framework. This paper presents experimental results and future approaches to assess the employment of an SOA within a hard real‐time (stringent time constraints), deterministic (maximum predictability) combat system (CS). For these systems with hard real‐time requirements, web services have generally not demonstrated the necessary and sufficient characteristics to satisfy these stringent needs. Specifically, this paper provides a characterization of hard real‐time, deterministic systems; results from a recent small‐scale experiment to assess various SOA products in this demanding architecture; and the future direction to research real‐time applications in a representative operational environment. Experimental results to date indicate that emerging real‐time technologies are contributing to improved performance and better predictability within the internal processing latencies of web service applications. This preliminary research focuses on a simplistic computing architecture, but it provides a good baseline for more detailed experimentation using the actual systems. If successful, this research could lead down a path to increase synergy and consolidate computing infrastructures by supporting multiple user domains with the potential of reducing cost for both acquisition and lifecycle support.
3D face alignment and registration in the presence of facial expression diﬀerences
Authors: Pintavirooj Chuchart , Cohen Fernand S. , Tosranon Prasong 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper deals with the problem of 3D alignment of faces in the presence of some facial expression changes. The data are three dimensional and obtained using a laser scanner. Our approach is based on the diﬀerential geometry of the surface and computes the intrinsic local ﬁducial points on the surface and on curves that reside on the surface. Because these ﬁducial points are local, they allow partial alignment, where part of the face is viewed. Moreover, since the ﬁducial points are relatively aﬃne‐invariant to local aﬃne transformations, they allow matching and alignment when facial expression changes aﬀect part of the face. A fast, noniterative alignment procedure is presented in this paper that establishes reliable correspondences between ﬁducial points without any prior knowledge of the overall nonlinear global transformation that takes place after the changes in facial expressions. This is achieved through the construction of a set of ordered novel absolute local aﬃne invariants. With enough ﬁducial points set as correspondents, the overall nonlinear transformation is computed and the face before and after the transformation are aligned. For comparison, we also compare the alignment performance of our method with that of the iterative closest point (ICP) method and the coherent point drift (CPD) method which is based on the Gaussian mixture model by looking at the between‐to‐within variation (signal‐to‐noise ratio, SNR) between these two classes (match vs nonmatch) based on the average alignment errors for the genuine matches and nonmatches, normalized by their respective within variation, and by running it on the 3D face database GavabDB. The separation between the true match and nonmatch is best for our zero‐torsion method (SNR of 1.2), followed by the ICP method (SNR of 0.37)and the CPD method (SNR of 0.15). It is interesting to observe here that, although the alignment error for the true match cases is lowest for the CPD method, it is also extremely low for the nonmatch cases, which would mean that the method would force a query into a wrong face, yielding poor speciﬁcity (lots of false alarms). © 2013 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Robust estimation of body temperature based on clustering
Authors: Suzuki Arata , Ryu Kazuteru , Kanai Nobuyuki 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper proposes a method for estimating the body temperature using a temperature sensor installed on the inside surface of a blood‐pressure cuﬀ. It is known that the skin surface temperature changes with the outside temperature so that the human body temperature is kept constant. In this paper, based on this property, the body temperature is estimated from the skin surface temperature and the outside temperature measured concurrently while the blood pressure is measured. Considering the actual situation, the estimation could be diﬃcult when the temperature of the blood‐pressure meter cuﬀ is greatly diﬀerent from that of upper arm skin, for example. To solve the problem, we classify in advance various learning samples into multiple classes with diﬀerent sets of parameters to estimate the body temperature. © 2013 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Surgeon Confidence in an Outpatient Setting
Authors: Hageman Michiel G. J. S. , Bossen Jeroen K. J. , King John D. , Ring David 
Published: May 2013

Background We have the impression that provider uncertainty arises from either nonspecific pathology or disproportionate symptoms and disability, both of which correlate with symptoms of depression, heightened illness concern, and low patient self-efficacy. This study tested the primary null hypothesis that there is no correlation between provider confidence and patient self-efficacy. Methods Eighty-five patients visiting an orthopedic hand and upper extremity surgeon completed the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ). The surgeon's confidence in the diagnosis, optimal treatment, expected outcome, and the anticipated satisfaction of the patient and the referring doctor were measured with five questions rated on 5-point Likert scales (Physician Confidence Scale). Results Overall physician confidence was high and there was no correlation between the PSEQ score and the Physician Confidence Scale. Provider confidence was significantly lower for nonspecific diagnoses, but there was no significant difference between the mean PSEQ for the 72 patients with a specific diagnosis and the 12 patients with nonspecific diagnoses. Conclusions Physician confidence did not relate with self-efficacy in this study. Level of Evidence: Prognostic, level II
Antimicrobial and SEM Studies of Sophorolipids Synthesized Using Lauryl Alcohol
Authors: Dengle‐Pulate Vrushali , Chandorkar Parul , Bhagwat Sunil , Prabhune Asmita Ashutosh 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIn recent years, researchers have developed biosurfactants for industrial, pharmaceutical and medical applications revealing the promising biological activities of these biomolecules. One of the best studied microbial surfactants are glycolipids, especially sophorolipids (SLs) produced by selected non‐pathogenic yeast species of Candida. They are biodegradable, non‐toxic and are environmentally friendly. Sophorolipid production was carried out using glucose as the hydrophilic source and lauryl alcohol C12–14, as the hydrophobic source using Candida bombicola ATCC 22214. Primary characterization of the SL obtained using lauryl alcohol (SLLA) was done by FTIR which depicted the presence of alkyl sophorosides/SLs. Antimicrobial activity testing revealed that SLLA showed complete inhibition against gram negative bacteria, Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027) at 30 and 1 μg/ml at a contact time of 2 and 4 h respectively. Whereas for gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6358), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), complete inhibition was observed at 6 and 1 μg/ml respectively at a contact time of 4 h. The formed SLLA showed noteworthy inhibition against the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans (ATCC 2091) at 50 μg/ml with a contact time of 4 h. These values are remarkably low compared to reported values of oleic acid SLs and linolenic acid SLs which were studied for antimicrobial properties. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the treated cells revealed the changes in morphology and topography of the microorganisms.
Cytosolic Ca2+ as a multifunctional modulator is required for spermiogenesis inAscaris suum
Authors: Shang Yunlong , Chen Lianwan , Liu Zhiyu , Wang Xia , Ma Xuan , Miao Long 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe dynamic polar polymers actin filaments and microtubules are usually employed to provide the structural basis for establishing cell polarity in most eukaryotic cells. Radially round and immotile spermatids from nematodes contain almost no actin or tubulin, but still have the ability to break symmetry to extend a pseudopod and initiate the acquisition of motility powered by the dynamics of cytoskeleton composed of major sperm protein (MSP) during spermiogenesis (sperm activation). However, the signal transduction mechanism of nematode sperm activation and motility acquisition remains poorly understood. Here we show that Ca2+ oscillations induced by the Ca2+ release from intracellular Ca2+ store through inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate receptor are required for Ascaris suum sperm activation. The chelation of cytosolic Ca2+ suppresses the generation of a functional pseudopod, and this suppression can be relieved by introducing exogenous Ca2+ into sperm cells. Ca2+ promotes MSP-based sperm motility by increasing mitochondrial membrane potential and thus the energy supply required for MSP cytoskeleton assembly. On the other hand, Ca2+ promotes MSP disassembly by activating Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatase calcineurin. In addition, Ca2+/camodulin activity is required for the fusion of sperm-specifi c membranous organelle with the plasma membrane, a regulated exocytosis required for sperm motility. Thus, Ca2+ plays multifunctional roles during sperm activation in Ascaris suum.
Pacemaker lead fracture without an increase in lead impedance caused by cardiac fibroma
Authors: Sato Daisuke , Kitajima Hiroki , Mani Hiroki , Park Chang‐Hee , Chun Yeong‐Hwa 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe report the case of a 64‐year‐old man who had a permanent pacemaker with a unipolar silicone electrode positioned in the right ventricle in 1989 for sinus node dysfunction. On a routine checkup in June 2011, a 28‐mm‐diameter mass was discovered, which appeared to adhere to the tricuspid valve and the ventricular lead. The size of the mass did not change for the next 6 months, and the lead impedance was maintained at around 500–600 Ω. Because pacing failure was observed in January 2012, he underwent an urgent pacemaker check; however, the lead impedance was found not to have increased greatly (689 Ω). Nevertheless, the pacemaker lead was noted to be fractured at the tricuspid level. His echocardiogram showed new severe tricuspid regurgitation and a floating mass around the lead. We extracted the fractured lead, enucleated the tumor, replaced the tricuspid valve, and placed an epicardial lead. Macroscopic examination revealed that the tumor surrounded the fractured lead and covered the stump. Pathological examination revealed that the tumor was composed of fibrous connective tissue. We presumed that electric current continued to flow through the stump of the fractured unipolar lead to the generator, and this might have caused the limited increase in lead impedance.
Children Who Had Congenital Torticollis as Infants Are Not at Higher Risk for a Delay in Motor Development at Preschool Age
Authors: Öhman Anna , Beckung Eva 
Published: May 2013

ObjectiveTo investigate whether congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) or the time in a prone position as an infant had any influence on motor development at preschool age.DesignA case‐control study.ParticipantsEighty‐one children who had participated in a previous study that investigated motor development in infants with CMT and a control group of infants without CMT.MethodA follow‐up at the age of 3.5‐5 years; the Movement Assessment Battery for Children was used with the earlier CMT group and the control group to assess their motor development. An independent physiotherapist, who was blinded of the children's previous group belonging, assessed the children.Main Outcome MeasurementsPercentile scores of motor development.ResultsMultiple regression showed no impact on earlier group belonging or the amount of time spent in a prone position as an infant. The left‐handed children had a significantly (P < .01) lower percentile in the Movement Assessment Battery for Children.ConclusionNeither CMT nor spending limited periods of time as an infant in the prone position when awake have any significant long‐term effects on motor development. Children who had CMT as infants were not at higher risk for a delay in motor development at preschool age.
Reconstructing the Avalonia palaeocontinent in the Cambrian: A 519 Ma caliche in South Wales and transcontinental middle Terreneuvian sandstones
Authors: LANDING ED , WESTROP STEPHEN R. , BOWRING SAMUEL A. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAn Early Cambrian caliche on the St Non's Formation (emended) is the base of the Caerfai Bay Formation (unit-term changed) at Caerfai Bay, South Wales. Subaerial exposure and the caliche mean the two formations were not genetically related units. The St Non's is an older sand sheet (likely tidalitic, not delta-related) referred to Avalonian depositional sequence (ADS) 2, and the Caerfai Bay is a shallow mud basin unit refered to ADS 4A. The similar Random Formation (upper ADS 2) in North American Avalonia has a basal age ofc. 528 Ma and is unconformably overlain by red mudstones or sandstones in fault-bounded basins on the Avalonian inner platform. Coeval British sandstones (lower Hartshill, Wrekin, St Non's, Brand Hills?) are unconformably overlain by latest Terreneuvian (ADS 3) or Epoch 2 (ADS 4A) units. Dates of 519 Ma on Caerfai Bay ashes give an upper bracket on the late appearance of Avalonian trilobites and suggest an ADS 2–4A hiatus of several million years. Post-St Non's and post-Random basin reorganization led to abundant Caerfai Bay Formation volcanic ashes and sparse Brigus Formation ashes in Newfoundland. The broad extent of erosional sequence boundaries that bracket lithologically similar to identical units emphasize that ‘east’ and ‘west’ Avalonia formed one palaeocontinent. The inner platform in southern Britain was larger than the Midlands craton, a tectonically defined later Palaeozoic area unrelated to terminal Ediacaran – Early Palaeozoic depositional belts. The cool-water successions of Early Palaeozoic Avalonia were distant from coeval West Gondwanan carbonate platforms.
The efficacy of dynamic slow motion video endoscopy as a test of eustachian tube function
Authors: Augustine A M , Varghese L , Michael R C , Albert R R , Job A 
Published: May 2013

AbstractObjective:To assess the efficacy of dynamic slow motion video endoscopy as a test of eustachian tube function based on its correlation with the eustachian tube swallow test.Method:The eustachian tube swallow test and dynamic slow motion video endoscopy were performed on 100 clinically normal middle ears of adults undergoing rigid nasal endoscopy for various indications. The dynamic slow motion video endoscopy findings were interpreted by three observers who were blind to the results of the eustachian tube swallow test, and the findings of both techniques were compared.Results:There was a statistically significant correlation between the dynamic slow motion video endoscopy and eustachian tube swallow test results for some of the more lenient criteria. Five of the 100 eustachian tubes had a floppy medial cartilaginous lamina which appeared to contribute to the eustachian tube dysfunction.Conclusion:Dynamic slow motion video endoscopy appeared to over-diagnose eustachian tube dysfunction when used as a standalone test of eustachian tube function. However, when used in combination with other tests of eustachian tube function, it can provide valuable information regarding the structural and functional status of the pharyngeal end of the eustachian tube.
On the Sense and Reference of the Concept of Truth
Authors: Rattan Gurpreet 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper analyzes the concept of truth in terms of an account of Fregean sense as cognitive value. The account highlights the importance of understanding-based knowledge of co-reference for the individuation of senses. Explicit truth attributions, like ‘that I smell the scent of violets is true’ involve an inter-level version of understanding-based knowledge of co-reference in the that-clause concepts of thoughts that they employ: one cannot understand the that-clause concept of the thought in the truth attribution without understanding the thought the that-clause concept is a concept of. This is not a redundancy that eliminates or deflates cognitive value, but an exploitation, by the concept of truth, of the inter-level version of understanding-based knowledge of co-reference in critical reflective thinking. The cognitive value of the concept of truth is to combine semantically with explicit ways of thinking of thoughts to make critical reflective thinking possible. This account of the cognitive value of the concept of truth assigns cognitive value not by construing the concept of truth as a way of thinking about some thing, but by articulating its broader cognitive role.
Heidegger as a Post-Darwinian Philosopher
Authors: Chamberlain Lesley 
Published: May 2013

AbstractHeidegger responded to Darwin's displacement of the Created Universe by seeking value in a new materiality. His 1936 lecture The Origin of the Work of Art spelt out the need to get away from an Aristotelian concept of matter perpetuated by Aquinas and frame an approach more appropriate to a post-Darwinian age. The argument is not that Heidegger was a Darwinist or an evolutionist. It is that he responded to what Dewey called ‘the greatest dissolvent in contemporary thought of old questions’.
To all our relations: evidence of Sámi involvement in the creation of rock paintings in Finland
Authors: Joy Francis 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTResearch undertaken between 1960 to 1990 into what was once a rock painting tradition in Finland, lacked a clear understanding of parallels between the painted figures found at rock painting locations in the southern and central areas of the country, and the motifs painted on the heads of Sámi shaman divination drums from Lapland. However, due to the discovery and analysis of the content of more rock painting sites in Finland from 1990 up to the present, a more comprehensive framework has emerged in which scholars from across different academic disciplines have discovered many more similar characteristics linking the rock paintings and drum symbolism. These recent findings point towards the survival of a nature based sacrificial religion from the Stone Age era in Finland. The source of this was shamanistic in its essence, and is seen portrayed on rock and boulder formations by hunters similarly to how figures were illustrated on drum heads by the Sámi shamans from the nomadic era of the 17th and 18th centuries in Lapland. This more recent recognition strengthens the argument for Sámi involvement in the creation of rock paintings in Finland.
Breeding biology and conservation of the Marsh SeedeaterSporophila palustris
Authors: VIZENTIN-BUGONI JEFERSON , ARETA JUAN I. , DI GIACOMO ALEJANDRO G. , DI GIACOMO ADRIAN S. , JACOBS FERNANDO , AFONSO COIMBRA MARCO A. , DIAS RAFAEL A. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryThe Marsh SeedeaterSporophila palustrisis one of the most endangered and least known of thecapuchinoseedeaters. Breeding populations are patchy, occurring in north-east Argentina, southern Brazil, and Uruguay. We present data on the breeding biology of the species, and describe nests and eggs, behaviour (including courtship, nesting, incubation and parental care), breeding sites and food items. Marsh Seedeaters breed in well-preserved grasslands with wet soils and tall vegetation. In general, these habitats are used for extensive livestock ranching. Main threats are overgrazing, widespread use of fire, conversion of grasslands to pastures of exotic grasses and rice fields, afforestation, and illegal trapping. Most breeding sites are located in Important Bird Areas, but only one in Brazil and one in Argentina are protected. We propose a series of actions to promote the conservation of Marsh Seedeaters and other endangered birds that coexist in grassland habitats.
Susceptibility of Limestone Petrographic Features to Salt Weathering: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study
Authors: Alves Carlos , Figueiredo Carlos , Maurício António , Aires-Barros Luís 
Published: May 2013

AbstractSalt weathering is a major erosive process affecting porous materials in buildings. There have been attempts to relate erosive mass loss to physical characteristics of materials, but in the case of natural stone it is necessary to consider the effect of petrographic features that are a source of heterogeneity. In this paper, we use scanning electron microscopy before and after salt weathering tests in cubic specimens of three limestone types (two grainstones and a travertine) in an attempt to built conceptual models that relate petrographic features and salt weathering susceptibility (represented by mass loss). In the grainstones, the most relevant feature in controlling salt weathering processes is the interface between micrite aggregates and sparry cement that constitute weakness surfaces and barriers to fluid migration. Given the small size of the heterogeneities in relation to the test sample dimension and their spatial distribution, the macroscopic erosive patterns are globally homogeneously distributed, affecting edges and corners. In the travertine specimens, there are macroheterogeneities related to the presence of detritic-rich portions that cause heterogeneous erosive patterns in the specimens. Petrological modeling helps to understand results of salt weathering tests, supporting field studies for natural stone selection.