bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Perioperative Complications Following Resection of Adrenocortical Carcinoma and Its Association with Long‐Term Survival
Authors: Margonis Georgios Antonios , Amini Neda , Kim Yuhree , Tran Thuy B. , Postlewait Lauren M. , Maithel Shishir K. , Wang Tracy S. , Evans Douglas B. , Hatzaras Ioannis , Shenoy Rivfka , Phay John E. , Keplinger Kara , Fields Ryan C. , Moses Lindsey E. , Weber Sharon M. , Salem Ahmed , Sicklick Jason K. , Gad Shady , Yopp Adam C. , Mansour John C. , Duh Quan‐Yang , Seiser Natalie , Solorzano Carmen C. , Kiernan Colleen M. , Votanopoulos Konstantinos I. , Levine Edward A. , Poultsides George A. , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe association of postoperative complications with long‐term oncologic outcomes remains unclear. We sought to determine the incidence of complications among patients who underwent surgery for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) and define the relationship of morbidity with long‐term survival.MethodsPatients who underwent surgery for ACC between 1993 and 2014 were identified from 13 academic institutions participating in the US ACC group study. The incidence and type of the postoperative complications, the factors associated with them as well their association with long‐term survival were analyzed.ResultsA total of 265 patients with median age of 52 years (IQR 44–63) were identified; at surgery, the majority of patients underwent an open abdominal procedure (n = 169, 66.8 %). A postoperative complication occurred in 99 patients for a morbidity of 37.4 %; five patients (1.9 %) died in hospital. Factors associated with morbidity included a thoraco‐abdominal operative approach (reference: open abdominal; OR 2.85, 95 % CI 1.00–8.18), and a hormonally functional tumor (OR 3.56, 95 % CI 1.65–7.69) (all P < 0.05). Presence of any complication was associated with a worse long‐term outcome (median survival: no complication, 58.9 months vs. any complication, 25.1 months; P = 0.009). In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for patient‐ and disease‐related factors postoperative infectious complications independently predicted shorter overall survival (hazard ratio (HR) 5.56, 95 % CI 2.24–13.80; P < 0.001).ConclusionPostoperative complications were independently associated with decreased long‐term survival after resection for ACC. The prevention of complications may be important from an oncologic perspective.
Prospective Evaluation of Innovative Force Assessing Firmware in Simulation to Improve the Technical Competence of Surgical Trainees
Authors: Rajamani Allwyn S. , Rammohan Ashwin , Mohan Sasikala , Srinivasan Poonguzhali , Arthanari Shanmugam , Muthusamy Umamaheshwaran , Sivasubramanian Vijayanand , Ravichandran Palaniappan 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIntroduction
Suturing is an integral part of all surgeries. In minimal access surgery, the force exerted is based only on visual perception (tautness of the thread and degree of tissue deformation). An unbalanced suture force can cause tissue rupture or cut‐through resulting in avoidable morbidity and mortality. There is a need to find ways of improving surgical dexterity and finesse without adversely affecting patient outcomes.AimWe aimed to calculate the knot‐tying force in minimal access pancreatic surgery (MAPS) performed by experienced surgeons (ES) and use this information to develop a surgical suturing model to train the surgical trainees. We have developed a firmware for force sensor calibration and post‐data analysis, using which we aimed to compare the differences in forces applied by a trainee as compared to ES.ResultsOur technology showed that, as compared to the ES, the trainee’s (TS) knot was unbalanced with significant differences in force applied per knot for each of the knots (P < 0.01). The shape of the Force curve for each suture was also different for the TS as compared to the ES. After using the training tool, the forces applied by the TS and the Force curve for the whole suture were similar to those of the ES.ConclusionOur firmware promises to be an excellent training tool for organ anastomosis. Considering the complexity and likely complications of MAPS, it is a sine qua non that the surgeon be highly experienced and skilled. Surgical simulation is attractive because it avoids the use of patients for skills practice and provides relevant technical training for trainees before they can safely operate on humans.
Partial Thyroidectomy for Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: Is Completion Total Thyroidectomy Indicated?
Authors: Donatini G. , Castagnet M. , Desurmont T. , Rudolph N. , Othman D. , Kraimps J. L. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundTotal thyroidectomy is a well‐established surgical approach for the management of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, the best surgical approach for papillary microcarcinoma is nowadays still debated. Both total thyroidectomy and simple lobectomy are used. We report the experience of a single University center in the treatment of thyroid microcarcinoma.MethodsA retrospective analysis on all patients who underwent thyroid surgery at our institution over a 24‐year period (1991–2015) was performed. Patients were grouped according to whether they received total thyroidectomy (Group 1) or lobectomy (Group 2). Follow‐up was made by routine clinical and ultrasound examination. Specific outcomes such as recurrence and need for reoperation as well as complications (transient vocal cord paralysis and hypocalcemia) were analyzed.ResultsDuring the study period 880 patients underwent surgery for PTC. Group 1 and 2 consisted, respectively, of 756 and 124 patients. A micro PTC (<10 mm) was present in 251 and 69 specimen of Group 1 and 2. No evidence of disease recurrence in the follow‐up was reported in patients with microPTC in Group 1 and in 57 patients of Group 2. In the remaining 12 patients completion thyroidectomy was carried out due to ultrasound findings of contralateral nodules (10), lymphadenopathy (1), and capsular invasion (1). Five of these patients had a contralateral papillary carcinoma on final histopathologic examination. Thus recurrence rate for patients of Group 2 was 7.3 %. Morbidity rates were, respectively, for Group 1 and 2: transient nerve palsy 81 and 5 (11 vs. 7.3 %, p = ns), transient hypoparathyroidism (Calcium <2.00 mmol/L) 137 (18.6 %) and 0 (p < 0.0001). Three of the 12 patients of Group 2 undergoing further surgery had a transient hypoparathyroidism.ConclusionsThyroid lobectomy is an effective surgical strategy to manage papillary microcarcinomas with low complications. Routine completion thyroidectomy is not mandatory. Appropriate selection excluding high‐risk patients is of paramount importance in order to achieve the best results.
Cumulative effects of repetitive intermittent hypercapnic hypoxia on orexin in the developing piglet hypothalamus
Authors: Du Man K. , Hunt Nicholas J. , Waters Karen A. , Machaalani Rita 
Published: November 2015

AbstractOrexin neuropeptides (OxA and OxB) and their receptors (OX1R and OX2R) are involved in maintenance of sleep and wakefulness, and are regulated by various environmental stimuli. We studied piglets, in the early neonatal period, exposed to 48‐min of intermittent hypercapnic hypoxia (IHH; 7% O2/8% CO2) alternating with air. Three groups of 13–14 day‐old piglets with IHH exposure of 1‐day (1D‐IHH) (n = 7), 2‐days (2D‐IHH) (n = 7) and 4‐days (4D‐IHH) (n = 8) were compared to controls (exposed only to air, n = 8). Immunoreactivity of OxA and OxB was studied in the piglet hypothalamic regions of the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH), perifornical area (PeF) and lateral hypothalamic area (LH). Results showed that after 1D‐ and 2D‐IHH, total OxA and OxB expression decreased by 20% (p ≤ 0.005) and 40% (p < 0.001), respectively. After 4D‐IHH, the decrease in OxA and OxB was 50% (p < 0.001). These findings indicate that a chronic IHH exposure induces greater changes in orexin neuropeptide expression than an acute 1‐day exposure in the hypothalamus. This may be causally related to the dysregulation of sleep.
Medium‐term outcomes after combined trachelectomy and uterosacral ligament suspension among young women with severe uterine prolapse
Authors: Sun Zhixing , Zhu Lan , Hu Huiying , Lang Jinghe , Shi Honghui , Gong Xiaoming 
Published: November 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate anatomic and sexual outcomes among young women with severe pelvic organ prolapse undergoing combined trachelectomy and laparoscopic high uterosacral ligament suspension (LHUS).MethodsIn a prospective study in Beijing, China, patients (aged ≤ 50 years) with pelvic organ prolapse of stage III or higher according to the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP‐Q) were enrolled between November 2007 and August 2011. After combined trachelectomy and LHUS, patients were followed up at 6 weeks, 6 months, 12 months, and yearly thereafter. Anatomic success was defined as POP‐Q lower than stage II. Sexual outcomes were assessed at 6 months via the validated Short‐Form Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ‐12), and compared with a control group of 39 healthy age‐matched women.ResultsAmong 49 patients, surgical success and patient satisfaction rates were 100% after a median follow‐up of 54 months. Among 48 patients who were sexually active at follow‐up, 39 (81%) completed the PISQ‐12 questionnaire. The 6‐month PISQ‐12 score was higher than the preoperative score overall (38.1 vs 26.4, P < 0.001) and for all three subscale domains (P ≤ 0.001). The PISQ‐12 score of postoperative patients was similar to that of control women (36.8, P = 0.52).ConclusionTrachelectomy combined with LHUS produced satisfactory medium‐term anatomic and functional outcomes for young women with severe uterine prolapse.
The moderating role of dialecticism in consumer responses to product information
Authors: Wang Haizhong , Batra Rajeev , Chen Zengxiang 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe show that consumers high in dialecticism—the tolerance of contradictions and the expectations of change (Peng & Nisbett, 1999)—respond differently than low‐dialecticism consumers to messages that have purely positive, mixed, or purely negative information. We find first that for low dialectics, felt ambivalence—and discomfort—is greater for mixed information messages than for negative or positive information. For high dialectics, however, mixed information leads to high felt ambivalence, but not to high discomfort. When given univalent positive or negative information messages, high dialectics have more thoughts about information opposite in valence to that presented, when presented with negative information messages. As a result, for high dialectics, univalent negative information produces the same high felt ambivalence, and even greater discomfort, than do mixed information messages. Through these non‐parallel effects, we show that the relationship between felt ambivalence and discomfort is itself moderated by dialecticism. Through three experiments and using a novel manipulation of dialecticism, we replicate and generalize these effects and provide process evidence.
Ultrasound‐Guided Scraping for Chronic Patellar Tendinopathy: A Case Presentation
Authors: Hall Mederic M. , Rajasekaran Sathish 
Published: November 2015

AbstractChronic patellar tendinopathy is a common complaint among athletes who repetitively stress the extensor mechanism of the knee. Multiple treatment options have been described, but evidence is lacking, specifically when eccentric loading has failed. Debate continues regarding the patho‐etiology of chronic patellar tendon pain. There has been recent interest regarding the neurogenic influences involved in chronic tendinopathy, and interventions targeting neovessels and accompanying neonerves have shown promise. This is the first description of an ultrasound‐guided technique in which the neovessels and accompanying neonerves in patellar tendinopathy were targeted using a needle scraping technique of the posterior surface of the patellar tendon.
Team diversity, mood, and team creativity: The role of team knowledge sharing in Chinese R & D teams
Authors: Tang Chaoying , Naumann Stefanie E. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractResearch on the team diversity-team creativity relationship has been mixed. We present and empirically examine a model of mediated moderation in which team knowledge sharing intervenes in the impact of the interaction of team work value diversity and positive mood on team creativity. Survey participants included 458 employees working in 47 R&D teams from 17 research institutes in China. The interaction of team work value diversity and team positive mood positively affected team creativity and was mediated by team knowledge sharing. Our findings suggest that knowledge sharing and positive mood are necessary to facilitate the positive link between value diversity and creativity; otherwise, diversity can have negative effects on creativity. Thus, value diversity, mood, and knowledge sharing should be considered in the formation, training, and performance evaluation of teams.
Analysis of acutely exacerbated chronic tinnitus by the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory
Authors: Zeng X , Li P , Li Z , Cen J , Li Y , Zhang G 
Published: November 2015

AbstractObjective:To examine factors potentially contributing to acutely exacerbated chronic tinnitus initiation using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory.Methods:Sixty acutely exacerbated chronic tinnitus out-patients were divided into two groups depending on whether hearing loss was aggravated or stable during tinnitus exacerbation. Total Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores and scores for the three subscales (assessing functional limitations, emotional attitudes and catastrophic thoughts) were analysed.Results:Total Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores did not differ between groups. In patients with acutely exacerbated chronic tinnitus and aggravated hearing loss, functional subscale scores were significantly higher after acutely exacerbated chronic tinnitus than at baseline, but catastrophic and emotional subscale scores did not change. In patients with acutely exacerbated chronic tinnitus and stable hearing loss, emotional subscale scores were significantly higher after acutely exacerbated chronic tinnitus than at baseline, but catastrophic and functional subscale scores did not change.Conclusion:Elevated Tinnitus Handicap Inventory functional subscale scores might indicate further hearing loss, whereas elevated emotional subscale scores might be associated with negative life or work events.
Nonholonomic motion planning for minimizing base disturbances of space manipulators based on multi-swarm PSO
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Ji Lu , Zhou Dongsheng , Wei Xiaopeng 
Published: November 2015

SUMMARYBecause space manipulators must satisfy the law of conservation of momentum, any motion of a manipulator within a space-manipulator system disturbs the position and attitude of its free-floating base. In this study, the authors have designed a multi-swarm particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to address the motion planning problem and so minimize base disturbances for 6-DOF space manipulators. First, the equation of kinematics for space manipulators in the form of a generalized Jacobian matrix (GJM) is introduced. Second, sinusoidal and polynomial functions are used to parameterize joint motion, and a quaternion representation is used to represent the attitude of the base. Moreover, by transforming the planning problem into an optimization problem, the objective function is analyzed and the proposed algorithm explained in detail. Finally, numerical simulation results are used to verify the validity of the proposed algorithm.
Effect of socioeconomic deprivation on uptake of measles, mumps and rubella vaccination in Liverpool, UK over 16 years: a longitudinal ecological study
Authors: HUNGERFORD D. , MACPHERSON P. , FARMER S. , GHEBREHEWET S. , SEDDON D. , VIVANCOS R. , KEENAN A. 
Published: November 2015

SUMMARYSuboptimal uptake of the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine by certain socioeconomic groups may have contributed to recent large measles outbreaks in the UK. We investigated whether socioeconomic deprivation was associated with MMR vaccine uptake over 16 years. Using immunization data for 72 351 children born between 1995 and 2012 in Liverpool, UK, we examined trends in vaccination uptake. Generalized linear models were constructed to examine the relative effect of socioeconomic deprivation and year of birth on MMR uptake. Uptake of MMR1 by age 24 months ranged between 82·5% in 2003 [95% confidence interval (CI) 81·2–83·7] and 93·4% in 2012 (95% CI 92·7–94·2). Uptake of MMR2 by age 60 months ranged between 65·3% (95% CI 64·4–67·4) in 2006 and 90·3% (95% CI 89·4–91·2) in 2012. In analysis adjusted for year of birth and sex, children in the most deprived communities were at significantly greater risk of not receiving MMR1 [risk ratio (RR) 1·70, 95% CI 1·45–1·99] and MMR2 (RR 1·36, 95% CI 1·22–1·52). Higher unemployment and lower household income were significantly associated with low uptake. Contrary to concerns about lower MMR uptake in affluent families, over 16 years, children from the most socioeconomically deprived communities have consistently had the lowest MMR uptake. Targeted catch-up campaigns and strategies to improve routine immunization uptake in deprived areas are needed to minimize the risk of future measles outbreaks.
Melioidosis in New Caledonia: a dominant strain in a transmission hotspot
Authors: MELOT B. , COLOT J. , LACASSIN F. , TARDIEU S. , LAPISARDI E. , MAYO M. , PRICE E. P. , SAROVICH D. S. , CURRIE B. J. , GOARANT C. 
Published: November 2015

SUMMARYMelioidosis is an infectious disease caused byBurkholderia pseudomallei, a bacterium endemic in Southeast Asia and northern Australia. In New Caledonia, sporadic cases were first described in 2005; since then, more cases have been identified. To improve our understanding of melioidosis epidemiology in New Caledonia, we compared the local cases andB. pseudomalleiisolates with those from endemic areas. Nineteen melioidosis cases have been diagnosed in New Caledonia since 1999, mostly severe and with frequent bacteraemia, leading to three (16%) fatalities. All but one occurred in the North Province. Besides sporadic cases caused by non-clonal strains, we also identified a hotspot of transmission related to a clonal group ofB. pseudomalleithat is phylogenetically related to Australian strains.
Consumer preferences for ‘natural’ agricultural practices: Assessing methods to manage bird pests
Authors: Herrnstadt Zachary , Howard Philip H. , Oh Chi-Ok , Lindell Catherine A. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract‘Natural’ is a popular food marketing term. Although it is not well-defined, it refers primarily to inputs used for food processing, rather than agricultural practices. Given the market success of organic and non-GMO labeled foods, other agricultural practices may have the potential to develop ‘natural’ market niches while also addressing sustainability goals. We assessed perceptions of natural for one specific set of agricultural practices, bird management methods in fruit crops, utilizing a series of four focus groups. In addition, we quantified consumer preferences for these methods with a national online survey (n = 1000). The most positively received methods, falconry and nest boxes, were typically described as more natural. Conversely, the most negatively received methods, live ammunition and methyl anthranilate spray, were frequently viewed as less natural. The majority of survey respondents indicated that controlling fruit-consuming birds with natural practices was important, but an even higher percentage deemed avoiding harms to personal health as important. Because falconry and nest boxes do not have perceived direct effects on human health, they are likely to have less market potential than more established ecolabels. Communicating the use of these practices to consumers, however, may result in consumers selecting them over other products, particularly if the associated price premiums are relatively modest.
The role of residence time in diagnostic models of global carbon storage capacity: model decomposition based on a traceable scheme
Authors: Yizhao Chen , Jianyang Xia , Zhengguo Sun , Jianlong Li , Yiqi Luo , Chengcheng Gang , Zhaoqi Wang 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAs a key factor that determines carbon storage capacity, residence time (τE) is not well constrained in terrestrial biosphere models. This factor is recognized as an important source of model uncertainty. In this study, to understand how τE influences terrestrial carbon storage prediction in diagnostic models, we introduced a model decomposition scheme in the Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS) and then compared it with a prognostic model. The result showed that τE ranged from 32.7 to 158.2 years. The baseline residence time (τ′E) was stable for each biome, ranging from 12 to 53.7 years for forest biomes and 4.2 to 5.3 years for non-forest biomes. The spatiotemporal variations in τE were mainly determined by the environmental scalar (ξ). By comparing models, we found that the BEPS uses a more detailed pool construction but rougher parameterization for carbon allocation and decomposition. With respect to ξ comparison, the global difference in the temperature scalar (ξt) averaged 0.045, whereas the moisture scalar (ξw) had a much larger variation, with an average of 0.312. We propose that further evaluations and improvements in τ′E and ξw predictions are essential to reduce the uncertainties in predicting carbon storage by the BEPS and similar diagnostic models.
Albumin administration prevents neurological damage and death in a mouse model of severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Vodret Simone , Bortolussi Giulia , Schreuder Andrea B. , Jašprová Jana , Vitek Libor , Verkade Henkjan J. , Muro Andrés F. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractTherapies to prevent severe neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and kernicterus are phototherapy and, in unresponsive cases, exchange transfusion, which has significant morbidity and mortality risks. Neurotoxicity is caused by the fraction of unconjugated bilirubin not bound to albumin (free bilirubin, Bf). Human serum albumin (HSA) administration was suggested to increase plasma bilirubin-binding capacity. However, its clinical use is infrequent due to difficulties to address its potential preventive and curative benefits and to the absence of reliable markers to monitor bilirubin neurotoxicity risk. We used a genetic mouse model of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia showing severe neurological impairment and neonatal lethality. We treated mutant pups with repeated HSA administration since birth, without phototherapy application. Daily intraperitoneal HSA administration completely rescued neurological damage and lethality, depending on dosage and administration frequency. Albumin infusion increased plasma bilirubin-binding capacity, mobilizing bilirubin from tissues to plasma. This resulted in reduced plasma Bf, forebrain and cerebellum bilirubin levels. We showed that, in our experimental model, Bf is the best marker to determine the risk of developing neurological damage. These results support the potential use of albumin administration in severe acute hyperbilirubinemia conditions to prevent or treat bilirubin neurotoxicity in situations in which exchange transfusion may be required.