bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A note on the optimal pricing and production decisions with price‐driven substitution
Authors: Kim Sang‐Won , Bell Peter C. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractRecently, Kim and Bell () developed a revenue managemnent pricing model with price‐driven substitution. The authors considered production decisions under unlimited production capacity and investigated the impact of price‐driven substitution on a firm's pricing and production decisions. The authors modeled the consumer demands for each market segment as linear additive demand function based on exogenous variables, where demand substitution occurred as a function of price differences between the two products. In this article, we extend this work to examine the impact of a production capacity constraint on the firm's joint pricing and inventory decisions. Based on this extended model, we investigate the impact of price‐driven substitution on a firm's pricing and production decisions where there is a limit on total capacity. We show how revenue managers should adjust prices and production levels to take into account price‐driven substitution under a capacity constraint setting. Both deterministic and stochastic models are developed, and the impact of price‐driven substitution and a capacity constraint on the optimal prices, production levels, and revenues is illustrated.
The constellation of dietary factors in adolescent acne: a semantic connectivity map approach
Authors: Grossi E. , Cazzaniga S. , Crotti S. , Naldi L. , Di Landro A. , Ingordo V. , Cusano F. , Atzori L. , Tripodi Cutrì F. , Musumeci M.L. , Pezzarossa E. , Bettoli V. , Caproni M. , Bonci A. ,   the GISED Acne Study Group
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundDifferent lifestyle and dietetic factors have been linked with the onset and severity of acne.ObjectiveTo assess the complex interconnection between dietetic variables and acne.MethodsThis was a reanalysis of data from a case–control study by using a semantic connectivity map approach. 563 subjects, aged 10–24 years, involved in a case–control study of acne between March 2009 and February 2010, were considered in this study. The analysis evaluated the link between a moderate to severe acne and anthropometric variables, family history and dietetic factors. Analyses were conducted by relying on an artificial adaptive system, the Auto Semantic Connectivity Map (AutoCM).ResultsThe AutoCM map showed that moderate‐severe acne was closely associated with family history of acne in first degree relatives, obesity (BMI≥30), and high consumption of milk, in particular skim milk, cheese/yogurt, sweets/cakes, chocolate, and a low consumption of fish, and limited intake of fruits/vegetables.ConclusionOur analyses confirm the link between several dietetic items and acne. When providing care, dermatologists should also be aware of the complex interconnection between dietetic factors and acne.
Disaggregating the Power Generation Sector for Input‐Output Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Vendries Algarin Jorge , Hawkins Troy R. , Marriott Joe , Scott Matthews H. , Khanna Vikas 
Published: December 2014

SummaryThe electric power industry plays a critical role in the economy and the environment, and it is important to examine the economic, environmental, and policy implications of current and future power generation scenarios. However, the tools that exist to perform the life cycle assessments are either too complex or too aggregated to be useful for these types of activities. In this work, we build upon the framework of existing input‐output (I‐O) models by adding data about the electric power industry and disaggregating this single sector into additional sectors, each representing a specific portion of electric power industry operations. For each of these disaggregated sectors, we create a process‐specific supply chain and a set of emission factors that allow calculation of the environmental effects of that sector's output. This new model allows a much better fit for scenarios requiring more specificity than is possible with the current I‐O model.
Differential behavior patterns in cynomolgus monkey Macaca fascicularis in home cage in response to human gaze
Authors: Zou Hong , Luan Yi , Liu Ming , Agre Lynn A. , Buyske Steven , Xie Qinglian , Cheng Zhiheng , Zhao Guoping , Jin Meilei , Guo Ning , Jin Gang Jason , Yu Lei 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundNon‐human primates, when encountering human beings, show wariness and alertness. These behaviors differ when there is direct human gaze vs. when human averts his gaze.MethodsWe observed cynomolgus monkey in their home cage and studied their behaviors in response to human gaze. Four behaviors were analyzed: opening mouth, staring at observer, agitated activity, and approaching observer.ResultsThree behaviors appeared to be sensitive to human gaze between when the human observer gazed at the monkey and when the human observer looked away. Individual animals also displayed subpatterns of responses to human gaze.ConclusionsThese results indicate that, even in their home cage, monkeys display a heightened level of awareness when gazed upon by a human observer, suggesting that human gaze may elicit emotional reactions. Further, under the human gaze, distinct behavioral subpatterns were apparent within the monkey cohort in our study, indicative of subgroups within the cohort.
Identification of new Presenilin‐1 phosphosites: implication for γ‐secretase activity and Aβ production
Authors: Matz Alexandre , Halamoda‐Kenzaoui Blanka , Hamelin Romain , Mosser Sebastien , Alattia Jean‐René , Dimitrov Mitko , Moniatte Marc , Fraering Patrick C. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAn important pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the deposition of amyloid‐beta (Aβ) peptides in the brain parenchyma, leading to neuronal death and impaired learning and memory. The protease γ‐secretase is responsible for the intramembrane proteolysis of the amyloid‐β precursor protein (APP), which leads to the production of the toxic Aβ peptides. Thus, an attractive therapeutic strategy to treat AD is the modulation of the γ‐secretase activity, to reduce Aβ42 production. Because phosphorylation of proteins is a post‐translational modification known to modulate the activity of many different enzymes, we used electrospray (LC‐MS/MS) mass spectrometry to identify new phosphosites on highly purified human γ‐secretase. We identified 11 new single or double phosphosites in two well‐defined domains of Presenilin‐1 (PS1), the catalytic subunit of the γ‐secretase complex. Next, mutagenesis and biochemical approaches were used to investigate the role of each phosphosite in the maturation and activity of γ‐secretase. Together, our results suggest that the newly identified phosphorylation sites in PS1 do not modulate γ‐secretase activity and the production of the Alzheimer's Aβ peptides. Individual PS1 phosphosites shall probably not be considered therapeutic targets for reducing cerebral Aβ plaque formation in AD.
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In this study, we identified 11 new phosphosites in Presenilin‐1 (PS1), the catalytic subunit of the Alzheimer's γ‐secretase complex. By combining a mutagenesis approach with cell‐based and cell‐free γ‐secretase assays, we demonstrate that the new phosphosites do not modulate the maturation and activity of γ‐secretase. Individual PS1 phosphosites shall thus not be considered therapeutic targets for reducing cerebral Aβ plaque formation in Alzheimer's Disease. Aβ, amyloid beta.
Kisspeptin Regulates Tuberoinfundibular Dopaminergic Neurones and Prolactin Secretion in an Oestradiol‐Dependent Manner in Male and Female Rats
Authors: Ribeiro A. B. , Leite C. M. , Kalil B. , Franci C. R. , Anselmo‐Franci J. A. , Szawka R. E. 
Published: December 2014

Prolactin (PRL) secretion is inhibited by hypothalamic dopamine. Kisspeptin controls luteinising hormone (LH) secretion and is also involved in PRL regulation. We further investigated the effect of kisspeptin‐10 (Kp‐10) on the activity of tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic (TIDA) neurones and the role of oestradiol (E2) in this mechanism. Female and male rats were injected with i.c.v. Kp‐10 and evaluated for PRL release and the activity of dopamine terminals in the median eminence (ME) and neurointermediate lobe of the pituitary (NIL). Kp‐10 at the doses of 0.6 and 3 nmol increased plasma PRL and decreased 4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) levels in the ME and NIL of ovariectomised (OVX), E2‐treated rats but had no effect in OVX. In gonad‐intact males, 3 nmol Kp‐10 increased PRL secretion and decreased DOPAC levels in the ME but not in the NIL. Castrated males treated with either testosterone or E2 also displayed increased PRL secretion and reduced ME DOPAC in response to Kp‐10, whereas castrated rats receiving oil or dihydrotestosterone were unresponsive. By contrast, the LH response to Kp‐10 was not E2‐dependent in either females or males. Additionally, immunohistochemical double‐labelling demonstrated that TIDA neurones of male rats contain oestrogen receptor (ER)‐α, with a higher proportion of neurones expressing ERα than in dioestrous females. The dopaminergic neurones of periventricular hypothalamic nucleus displayed much lower ERα expression. Thus, TIDA neurones express ERα in male and female rats, and kisspeptin increases PRL secretion through inhibition of TIDA neurones in an E2‐dependent manner in both sexes. These findings provide new evidence about the role of kisspeptin in the regulation of dopamine and PRL.
Subsidizing Liquidity: The Impact of Make/Take Fees on Market Quality
Authors: MALINOVA KATYA , PARK ANDREAS 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTFacing increased competition over the last decade, many stock exchanges changed their trading fees to maker‐taker pricing, an incentive scheme that rewards liquidity suppliers and charges liquidity demanders. Using a change in trading fees on the Toronto Stock Exchange, we study whether and why the breakdown of trading fees between liquidity demanders and suppliers matters. Posted quotes adjust after the change in fee composition, but the transaction costs for liquidity demanders remain unaffected once fees are taken into account. However, as posted bid‐ask spreads decline, traders (particularly retail) use aggressive orders more frequently, and adverse selection costs decrease.
Foundations of invasion genetics: the Baker and Stebbins legacy
Authors: Barrett Spencer C. H. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractInvasion genetics is a relatively new discipline that investigates patterns of genetic variation in populations of invasive species and their ecological and evolutionary consequences. Evolutionary biologists have a long‐standing interest in colonizing species, owing to their short life cycles and widespread distributions, but not until publication ofThe Genetics of Colonizing Species(1965), edited by H.G. Baker and G.L. Stebbins, was a synthesis on the genetics and evolution of colonizers available. Here, I make the case that the Baker and Stebbins volume is the foundational document for invasion genetics, and in conjunction with the increased use of genetic markers and development of invasion biology, resulted in the birth of this new field over the past two decades. I consider the historical origins and legacy of the Baker and Stebbins volume and review some of the key issues that were addressed. I provide biographical sketches of the two editors, emphasizing their contrasting backgrounds and personalities. I review examples from my own work on plant invasions that are relevant to issues discussed by contributors to the volume. These include the following: determinants of invasion success, life history trade‐offs, generalist vs. specialist strategies, general‐purpose genotypes, adaptive phenotypic plasticity, mating systems and the influence of bottlenecks on genetic variation. I conclude by posing several key questions in invasion genetics and argue that one of the main challenges that the area faces is to integrate experimental field studies of the ecology and demography of populations with the largely descriptive approaches that have tended to dominate most research to date.
Multiple histidines in the periplasmic domain of the Salmonella enterica sensor kinase SsrA enhance signaling in response to extracellular acidification
Authors: Mulder David T. , McPhee Joseph B. , Reid‐Yu Sarah A. , Stogios Peter J. , Savchenko Alexei , Coombes Brian K. 
Published: December 2014

SummaryThe two‐component regulatory system SsrA‐SsrB in Salmonella enterica controls expression of a virulence gene program required for intracellular survival in host cells. SsrA signaling is induced within the acidic host vacuole in which the bacteria reside; however, the mechanism by which SsrA senses this intracellular environment is unknown. Here, we show that the periplasmic sensor domain of SsrA is enriched in histidine residues that increase SsrA signaling below external pH of 6. While no single histidine accounted for the full acid‐responsiveness of SsrA, we localized the acid‐responsiveness principally to five histidines in the C‐terminal end of the periplasmic sensor domain, with input from additional histidines in the N‐terminal end of the senor. A sensor mutant lacking critical pH‐responsive histidines was defective for acid‐promoted activity, yet retained basal activity similar to wild type at neutral pH, indicating that the role of these histidines is to enhance signaling in response to acidification. In support of this, a pH‐blind mutant was insensitive to the vacuole acidification blocking activity of bafilomycin, and was attenuated for competitive fitness during infection of mice. Our data demonstrate that SsrA contains a histidine‐rich periplasmic sensor that enhances signaling in response to the innate host defense of vacuolar acidification.
Pokemon proto‐oncogene in oral cancer: potential role in the early phase of tumorigenesis
Authors: Sartini D , Lo Muzio L , Morganti S , Pozzi V , Di Ruscio G , Rocchetti R , Rubini C , Santarelli A , Emanuelli M 
Published: December 2014

ObjectivesOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents about 90% of all oral neoplasms with a poor clinical prognosis. To improve survival of OSCC patients, it is fundamental to understand the basic molecular mechanisms characterizing oral carcinogenesis. Dysregulation of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes seems to play a central role in tumorigenesis, including malignant transformation of the oral cavity.Materials and MethodsWe analyzed the expression levels of the pro‐oncogenic transcription factor Pokemon through real‐time PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry in tumor, and normal oral tissue samples obtained from 22 patients with OSCC. The relationship between tumor characteristics and the level of Pokemon intratumor expression was also analyzed.ResultsPokemon was significantly downregulated in OSCC. In particular, both mRNA and protein levels (tumor vs normal tissue) inversely correlated with histological grading, suggesting its potential role as a prognostic factor for OSCC. Moreover, a significant inverse correlation was found between Pokemon protein expression levels (OSCC vs normal oral mucosa) and tumor size, supporting the hypothesis that Pokemon could play an important role in the early phase of tumor expansion.ConclusionThis work shows that reduced expression of Pokemon is a peculiar feature of OSCC. Additional studies may establish the effective role of Pokemon in oral tumorigenesis.
Risk of Dysphagia and Speech and Language Delay in PHACE Syndrome
Authors: Martin Kari L. , Arvedson Joan C. , Bayer Michelle L. , Drolet Beth A. , Chun Robert , Siegel Dawn H. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractPHACE (posterior fossa, hemangioma, arterial lesions, cardiac, and eye) syndrome consists of infantile hemangiomas of the head and neck along with a spectrum of noncutaneous anomalies. Neurodevelopmental abnormalities have also been noted. Here we describe the association between PHACE syndrome and abnormalities in oropharyngeal development and coordination manifesting as dysphagia or speech and language delay. A retrospective chart review was conducted of 34 patients with PHACE syndrome. Data were collected from prior clinical notes and radiographic studies and the results of a comprehensive questionnaire that those who attended the July 2012 PHACE Syndrome Family Conference completed. Seventeen of 34 patients with PHACE syndrome and signs or symptoms of dysphagia or speech or language problems were included for analysis. Nine had dysphagia, seven had a history of cardiac surgery, four had a posterior fossa malformation, and seven had lip or oropharynx hemangiomas. Speech or language delay was noted in 16; posterior fossa abnormalities and lip or oropharynx hemangiomas were the most commonly seen associated finding in this group. There was considerable overlap between subset populations with dysphagia, speech delay, and language delay. A subset of individuals with PHACE syndrome experience dysphagia, speech delay, or language delay. This risk seems to be greater in certain subsets of patients, including those with posterior fossa malformations or lip or oropharynx hemangiomas and those with a history of cardiac surgery. Although this descriptive study was not comprehensive enough to examine prevalence, the high incidence of dysphagia and speech and language delay seen in our cohort warrants future prospective studies to further investigate the association.
Intraventricular hemorrhage as a comorbid factor for intestinal obstruction in very low‐birthweight infants
Authors: Hisamatsu Chieko , Morioka Ichiro , Matsuo Kiyomi , Iijima Kazumoto , Nishijima Eiji 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundIn very low‐birthweight infants (VLBWI), intestinal obstruction (IO) tends to increase in severity due to the immaturity of the intestine and perinatal events. We examined the clinical comorbid factors related to IO in VLBWI.MethodsClinical data of 160 VLBWI admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit in 2006–2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups: IO group (n = 62) and non‐IO group (n = 98). IO was defined as bile excretion via the mouth or nasogastric tube within 30 days after birth. The relationship between clinical factors and the incidence of IO was analyzed.ResultsOn univariate analysis, gestational age, birthweight, and the incidence of chronic lung disease, patent ductus arteriosus, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), retinopathy of prematurity, and the postnatal use of mechanical ventilation, catecholamines, steroids, and sedatives were associated with IO. On multivariate analysis, only IVH was strongly associated with IO (OR, 4.74; P < 0.01).ConclusionsIVH is a significant comorbid factor of IO in VLBWI.
Long‐Term Learning in a Short‐Term Study Abroad Program: “Are We Really Truly Helping the Community?”
Authors: Caldwell Penelope , Purtzer Mary Anne 
Published: December 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo discover long‐term learning outcomes in a short‐term study abroad program. Students worked directly with community members to identify health issues, implement educational workshops addressing those issues, and evaluate health outcomes.Design and SampleThis is a qualitative, descriptive study. Thematic analysis was conducted using a written questionnaire completed one or more years postimmersion. The sample was 41 nursing students who participated in a 10‐day immersion experience in remote Honduras.ResultsFour themes emerged revealing evidence of long‐term learning. Three of these themes, Embracing Other, Gaining Cultural Competencies, and Experiencing an Ethnocentric Shift, are supported in the literature. The fourth theme, Negotiating Ethical Dilemmas, offers a new finding.ConclusionAlthough educators have questioned ethical consequences of study abroad programs, there is a paucity of literature indicating that students are the ones doing the questioning. Implications for educators and community members alike include facilitating dialog about collective worldviews related to global health ethics when designing study abroad programs.
Cognitive and Emotion‐Regulatory Mediators of the Relationship Between Behavioral Approach System Sensitivity and Nonsuicidal Self‐Injury Frequency
Authors: Burke Taylor A. , Stange Jonathan P. , Hamilton Jessica L. , Cohen Jonah N. , O'Garro‐Moore Jared , Daryanani Issar , Abramson Lyn Y. , Alloy Lauren B. 
Published: December 2014

Nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) is highly prevalent among late adolescents and predicts the onset of suicidal ideation and behavior. Although research has established an association between the behavioral approach system (BAS) and NSSI, less research has explored mechanisms underlying this relationship. The authors examined negative and positive emotion regulation patterns, as well as the BAS‐relevant cognitive style of self‐criticism, as potential mechanisms through which a hypersensitive BAS might be related to NSSI frequency. Late adolescents (N = 177) with high and moderate BAS levels completed measures of self‐criticism, positive emotion regulation, brooding, and both lifetime and last‐year frequency of NSSI. Results indicated that self‐criticism and positive emotion dampening independently mediated the relationship between BAS and last‐year frequency of NSSI. Self‐criticism also mediated the relationship between BAS and lifetime frequency of NSSI. Results suggest that cognitive and emotion‐regulatory styles may help to explain why high BAS individuals are likely to engage in NSSI.
Characteristics of the Social Support Networks of Maltreated Youth: Exploring the Effects of Maltreatment Experience and Foster Placement
Authors: Negriff Sonya , James Adam , Trickett Penelope K. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractLittle is known about the social support networks of maltreated youth or how youth in foster care may compare with those who remain with their parent(s). Social network characteristics and perceived social support were examined between (1) maltreated and comparison youth, (2) maltreated youth who remained with their biological parent, those with a foster parent, or a those with a kin caregiver, and (3) youth in stable placements and those who have changed placements. Data came from a sample of 454 adolescents (241 boys, 9–13 years old at enrollment) who took part in a longitudinal study of child maltreatment. Participants completed three assessments approximately 1 year apart. Results showed that on average, maltreated adolescents named significantly fewer people in their network than comparison adolescents. At Time 2, comparison adolescents reported more same‐aged friends. In the maltreatment group, youth with a foster parent reported significantly more older friends than maltreated youth with a kin caregiver. Fewer maltreated youth named a biological parent on the social support questionnaire at all three time points. More youth in kinship care described their caregiver as supportive than those in foster care. These findings indicate that despite heterogeneous placement histories, social support networks among maltreated youth were very similar.
MIC gene polymorphism and haplotype diversity in Li nationality of Southern China
Authors: Lin L. , Yang W. , Chen E. , Gong Z. , Luo Q. Z. , Wei X. B. , Yu P. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractHere, we report for the first time the polymorphisms of MICA and MICB in a healthy Li population of 344 unrelated individuals. By using polymerase chain reaction‐sequence specific priming (PCR‐SSP) and sequence‐based typing (PCR‐SBT), 17 MICA‐sequence alleles and 5 MICA‐STR (short tandem repeats, STR) alleles, as well as 17 MICB alleles were detected, among which MICA*010, MICA*A4 and MICB*005:02 were the most frequent alleles. In addition, linkage disequilibrium was investigated and the most common two‐locus haplotypes were MICB*005:02‐MICA*010 and MICB*008‐MICA*002:01. These results present informative genetic markers for the investigation of possible origins and the evolution of MHC class I haplotypes in the Li population.