bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluative study on the impact of university health and wellbeing support strategies on health student retention
Authors: Hill Rebekah 
Published: February 2025

Background: Retention of nursing students is a national problem, with studies revealing several factors as influencing attrition. Many strategies have been implemented, but little is known about their effectiveness or the student experience of accessing support services. Purpose: To explore the experiences of pre-registration students who have accessed university-based support services. Methods: Face-to-face qualitative interviews were held with 18 students from a variety of healthcare and allied professions. Results: The experiences of support were categorised into the subthemes of seeking support, sources of support, and specialist support. Support improvements were subcategorised into the subthemes of profile of support, streams of support, and timing. Conclusion: Students engage with existing support services to varying degrees. They often find support difficult to access or inadequately publicised, so lacking visibility and accessibility. Support provision is usually reactive, rather than proactive. Peer support is valued, yet buddy placement support could enhance the student experience. Students may also benefit from personalised streamlined communication strategies.
A bilayer scaffold of collagen and nanohydroxyapatite promotes osteochondral defect repair in rabbit knee joints
Authors: Guo Yayuan , Peng Xueliang , Cao Bin , Liu Qian , Li Shen , Chen Fulin , Zhi Dalong , Zhang Shequn , Chen Zhuoyue 
Published: February 2025

AimsA large number of surgical operations are available to treat osteochondral defects of the knee. However, the knee joint arthroplasty materials cannot completely mimic the articular cartilage and subchondral bone, which may bring some obvious side effects. Thus, this study proposed a biocompatible osteochondral repair material prepared from a double-layer scaffold of collagen and nanohydroxyapatite (CHA), consisting of collagen hydrogel as the upper layer of the scaffold, and the composite of CHA as the lower layer of the scaffold.MethodsThe CHA scaffold was prepared, and properties including morphology, internal structure, and mechanical strength of the CHA scaffold were measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a MTS electronic universal testing machine. Then, biocompatibility and repair capability of the CHA scaffold were further evaluated using a rabbit knee cartilage defect model.ResultsThe CHA scaffold was well suited for the repair of articular cartilage and subchondral bone; the in vitro results showed that the CHA scaffold had good cytocompatibility. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the material had high biocompatibility and effectively induced cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration.ConclusionThe CHA scaffold has a high potential for commercialization and could be used as an effective knee repair material in clinical applications.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2025;14(2):155–165.
El Barniz de Pasto Secretos y Revelaciones. Autora, María Cecilia Álvarez-White
Authors: Fajardo de Rueda Marta 
Published: February 2025

Con el novedoso y sugestivo título El Barniz de Pasto Secretos y Revelaciones, la Universidad de Los Andes ha publicado el libro de María Cecilia Álvarez-White, resultado de un laborioso trabajo de investigación científica y artística sobre una de las pocas tradiciones artísticas de Colombia cuyo origen es prehispánico y que además de sobrevivir a la conquista española, siguió un camino de creación que se mantiene hasta el presente
Stigma, Taboo, and Public Health: A Sociological and Bioecological Approach to the Use of Performance and Image-Enhancing Drugs
Authors: Coutinho Luis Felipe Duarte , Nascimento-Salgado Leonardo Vaz , Monteiro-Bontempo Valentina , Martins-Chaves Roberta Rayra 
Published: February 2025

Background: This article provides an interdisciplinary review of performance-enhancing and image-enhancing drugs (PEDs) through sociological and bioecological lenses. The analysis reveals a growing and complex trend of PED use among recreational users. Methods: Utilizing Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory along with covering books, reports, anti-doping notes, observational studies and systematic reviews, this review explores how different pressures influence PED use. Goffman’s concept of stigma highlights the marginalization PED users encounter, as they are often associated with cheating or health risks. Findings: The article examines how different systems spread unrealistic body ideals, which intensifies pressures on individuals to normalize PED use. The western cultural dynamic connects PED use to both physical aspirations and deeper self-worth issues related to body image and it is the duty of healthcare professionals not only to refuse such prescriptions but also to actively engage in prevention and public awareness efforts regarding the dangers of PEDs. Interpretation: Emphasizing the need for an empathetic yet firm medical approach, the article advocates for healthcare professionals to engage openly with PED users to foster supportive dialogues with. Such engagement is crucial for effective public health interventions that can address both the physical and psychological risks of PED use, ultimately contributing to a more health-centered societal perspective on performance and body image. In conclusion, this article emphasizes the urgent need to reframe the conversation around PEDs, recognizing their complex social underpinnings to better approach affected individuals.
Integrating VR tours in online language learning: A design-based research study
Authors: Figueroa Roberto Jr Bacani , Jung Insung 
Published: February 2025

This paper presents an investigation into the integration of virtual reality (VR) tours in online English lessons tailored for adult learners. The study utilised a design-based research approach to evaluate the effectiveness of VR tours in this context. It specifically examined the responses of adult learners to this instructional strategy by collecting data through surveys, observation notes and interviews with four learners in Japan and five learners in France, most of whom completed 10 lessons over 4 months. The research findings highlight the effectiveness of VR tours in enhancing learner motivation. Additionally, they demonstrate that perceived learning outcomes are influenced not only by the immersive experience of spatial presence but also by the novelty of technological and scenery-related aspects within the VR environment, as well as factors related to lesson design and individual learner characteristics.

Implications for practice or policy:

VR photo tours can serve as a powerful tool for language educators to increase the learning motivation of remote learners.
The physical location of remote learners and the ergonomics of their devices plays a crucial role in their engagement levels with VR-based online learning activities.
Aside from the technological novelty of VR, the inclusion of diverse and visually appealing scenery can further enhance motivation and interest among online learners.
Implementación del ADN libre circulante para la detección de aneuploidías fetales
Authors: Madrigal Bajo Irene , Jodar Bifet Meritxell , Badenas Orquin Celia 
Published: February 2025

Resumen

Introducción
El ADN libre circulante (ADN-lc) son fragmentos de ADN extracelulares que circulan libremente por la sangre y que se originan a partir de la apoptosis de diversos tipos celulares, como por ejemplo células hematopoyéticas o, en gestaciones, de células trofoblásticas provenientes de la placenta.

Contenido
El estudio del ADN-lc se ha incluido como prueba de cribado prenatal para la detección de anomalías cromosómicas y, a diferencia de otras técnicas invasivas como la amniocentesis o la biopsia de vellosidades coriónicas, se realiza mediante un análisis de sangre materna. Gracias a la utilización de tecnologías avanzadas en el estudio del ADN-lc, como la secuenciación de ADN o los arrays de SNPs, es posible identificar gestaciones con riesgo de trisomía 21, trisomía 18 o trisomía 13.

Resumen
Este test ha demostrado una alta precisión y fiabilidad, con tasas de detección superiores al 99 % para trisomía 21 y una muy baja tasa de falsos positivos y falsos negativos. En algunos países ya se ha implementado como una herramienta de cribado combinado o cribado universal.

Perspectiva
A medida que la tecnología avanza y se vuelve más accesible, se espera que se puedan obtener pruebas aún más precisas para otras anomalías genéticas en el diagnóstico prenatal.
UWOC performance based on dual polarization and raised cosine filter
Authors: Mohammed Jabbar K. , Hameed Samir M. , Mansoor Riyadh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In underwater optical communications (UWOC) systems, when an optical signal encounters scattering objects or reflects off other underwater bodies before reaching the detector, it ultimately results in the scattering of waveform time and time spreading, which decreases the data rate due to inter-symbol interference (ISI). This paper proposes using a simple transmitter for pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) combined with dual-polarization (DP), and a raised cosine filter (RCF) is utilized at the receiver. The main goal of this system is to double the data rate capacity for features of DP, improve the bit error rate (BER), and ensure an optimized coverage range for the capabilities of mitigating symbol interferences. Different attenuation cases for the proposed system are examined based on water turbidity. In addition, the proposed system is evaluated in different worse cases, such as in turbulences, channel delay, and the different inclination angle and roll-off factors. However, it can reach an acceptable coverage distance of 7 m for turbid water while it increases to 72 m for pure water at BER = 10−6.
Diagnostic value of ratio of blood inflammation to coagulation markers in periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Huang Jincheng , Li Xu , Chen Yajun , Zhang Meng , Gao Zongyan , Dai Zhipeng , Liu Tao , Jin Yi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Assess the feasibility of utilizing the ratio of blood inflammation to coagulation markers as a potential periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) diagnostic tool.

Materials and methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted, involving 133 PJI and 93 aseptic loosening patients. Levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), platelet count, mean platelet volume, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and ratios of CRP to fibrinogen, ESR to fibrinogen, platelet count and mean platelet volume ratio (PC/MPV), and D-dimer were compared. Receiver operating characteristic curves and Youden’s index were employed to assess the diagnostic efficacy of these biomarkers.

Results
PJI patients had significantly higher levels of CRP, ESR, PC/MPV ratio, fibrinogen, D-dimer, CRP/(PC/MPV) ratio (CPR), CRP/D-dimer, CRP/fibrinogen (CFR), ESR/(PC/MPV) ratio, ESR/D-dimer, and ESR/fibrinogen. Area under the curve (AUC) values for fibrinogen, CRP, and ESR in diagnosing PJI were comparable. AUC values for CPR and CFR were akin to those of ESR. AUC values for combined CRP and CPR, combined CRP and fibrinogen, combined CRP and CFR, and combined ESR and fibrinogen in diagnosing PJI were akin to that of combined CRP and ESR.

Conclusions
Fibrinogen, CPR, CFR, combined CRP and CPR, combined CRP and fibrinogen, combined CRP and CFR, and combined ESR and fibrinogen could be considered as new adjunct markers for diagnosing PJI.
Artificial intelligence-powered innovations in radiotherapy: boosting efficiency and efficacy
Authors: Chen Junyi , Zhu Xinlin , Jin Jian-Yue , Kong Feng-Ming (Spring) , Yang Gen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cancer remains a substantial global health challenge, with steadily increasing incidence rates. Radiotherapy (RT) is a crucial component in cancer treatment. Nevertheless, due to limited resources, there is an urgent need to enhance both its efficiency and therapeutic efficacy. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into RT has proven to significantly improve treatment efficiency, especially in time-consuming tasks. This perspective demonstrates how AI enhances the efficiency of target delineation and treatment planning, and introduces the concept of All-in-One RT, which may greatly improve RT efficiency. Furthermore, the concept of Radiotherapy Digital Twins (RDTs) is introduced. By integrating patient-specific data with AI, RDTs enable personalized and precise treatment, as well as the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy. This perspective highlights the transformative impact of AI and digital twin technologies in revolutionizing cancer RT, with the aim of making RT more accessible and effective on a global scale.
Dimethylsulfoxide functionalized cadmium sulfide quantum dot for heavy metal ion detection
Authors: Ayyanusamy Poongodi , Venkatesan Ragavendran , Rajan Abel Noelson Enose , Annaraj Jamespandi , Mahalingam Umadevi , Ramasamy Parimaladevi , Bethke Kevin , Mayandi Jeyanthinath 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Heavy metal ions (HMIs) detection in the aquatic, environmental and biological systems is of tremendous interest owing to their adverse effects on the ecosystem and human health, depending on the dose and its toxicity. The calorimetric sensor acts as a potential scavenger for detecting HMIs such as mercury, lead, copper, etc., which is reliable and more sensitive towards metal ions. In this work, chemically synthesized self-assembled cadmium sulfide quantum dots (CdS QDs) were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy which confirms the structural and morphological formation of QD and it act as a the DMSO@CdS QDs colorimetric sensing probe for the detection of copper, mercury and lead with the high selectivity and sensitivity with the limit of detection of 179.5 nM, 58 and 60 μM. The on-site detection is capable of monitoring heavy metals in environmentally polluted samples.
Bidirectional association between problematic smartphone use and aggressive behavior: A cross-lagged longitudinal study
Authors: Rong Fajuan , Cheng Junhan , Hu Jie , Wang Yan , Xu Zixuan , Guan Meiqi , Zhang Nan , Yu Yizhen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and aimsProblematic smartphone use are prevalent worldwide, particularly among adolescents, and it is strongly linked with aggressive behavior. However, the understanding of how PSU may contribute to the emergence of aggressive behavior remains incomplete.MethodsThe purpose of this study was to examine the bidirectional links between aggressive behavior and PSU among adolescents, utilizing data from a two-wave longitudinal study (the time interval is 15 months) conducted among 2,650 students in middle and high school.ResultsThe cross-lagged models revealed that: (1) PSU at Time 1 (December 12) positively predicted aggressive behavior at Time 2 (March 2023, 15 months apart) among older adolescents (15–19 years), but this was not the case for younger adolescents (11–14 years); (2) aggressive behavior at Time 1 positively predicted PSU at Time 2 for both younger and older adolescents. Our findings have identified PSU as a risk factor for aggressive behavior among older adolescents, with those perceiving higher PSU may be particularly vulnerable to developing aggressive behavior over time.Discussion and ConclusionsThese results not only enhance our understanding of the links between PSU and aggressive behavior but also provide significant theoretical perspectives for developing future prevention strategies and intervention measures to tackle aggressive behavior among adolescents.
Regional Source-Type Discrimination Using Nonlinear Alignment Algorithms
Authors: Ramos Marlon D. , Tibi Rigobert , Young Christopher J. , Emry Erica L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The discrimination problem in seismology aims to accurately classify different underground source types based on local, regional, and/or teleseismic observations of ground motion. Typical discriminant approaches are rooted in fundamental, physics-based differences in radiation pattern or wave excitation, which can be frequency-dependent and may not make use of the full waveform. In this article, we explore whether phase and amplitude distances derived from dynamic time warping (DTW) and elastic shape analysis (ESA) can inform event discrimination. We demonstrate the ability to distinguish underground point sources using synthetic waveforms calculated for a 1D Earth model and various source mechanisms. We then apply the method to recorded data from events in the Korean Peninsula, which includes declared nuclear explosions, a collapse event, and naturally occurring earthquakes. Phase and amplitude distances derived from DTW and ESA are then used to classify the event types via dendrogram and k-nearest-neighbor clustering analyses. Using information from the full waveform, we show how different underground sources can be distinguished at regional distances. We highlight the potential of these nonlinear alignment algorithms for discrimination and comment on ways we can extend the framework presented here.
Postnatal depression among Libyan women in Derna
Authors: Arhaiam Fawzia A. G. , Ajroud Soad , Elzahaf Raga A. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Postnatal depression during postnatal period is a recurrence of pre-existing situation and one of the common types of mental health illness. Objectives were to explore the factors and prevalence of postnatal depression that influences on the women’s during postnatal period in Denra city and it surrounded suburbs.
Methods: Design A prospective study was carried out and survey of practice. We used Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) to collect data between January 2021 to December 2021 in Derna city and its suburbs. Participances women who took part in the study, met specific criteria such as their baby being born within the previous twelve months.
Results: Overall, 100 women were included in this study. The mean age of women was 32.51±5.72 from 23 to 45 years. More than one third 36% of women were from Derna and 66% of women live in their own house. According to EPDS, found 47% of women were possible to expose to depression, 51% of women were complain from postnatal depression and 2% were attempted to suicide. The women delivered by caesarean section were at high risk of postnatal depression (p=0.001).
Conclusions: Untreated postnatal depression led to harmful effect on the relationship between mother and her baby, her partner and other family members. lead to negative impact on society screening and early diagnosis for postpartum depression is important, essential and a vital role for health care professionals such as (midwives, health visitors, nurses and GPs).
Prevailing circumstances governing abortion in Africa
Authors: Unnithan Vishnu B. , Shree S. Lalitha Lavanya , O. Uzoka Favour , Shrinivas Divya , Singh Shivangi 
Published: February 2025

A woman's worth is closely tied to childbirth in many African societies. The immense cultural emphasis that is placed on pregnancy means that women are also subject to stigmatization in the event of unintended pregnancies. In the patriarchal societies that commonly make up the region, a woman’s bodily autonomy is often subjugated to insensitive decisions taken by men based on social circumstances. Abortion remains a largely taboo topic with the resulting lack of informed awareness putting women at risk. The current review aims to change that discourse by examining the sociodemographic considerations, beliefs, and traditions across various regions that prevent the effective utilization of existing facilities. The risk factors that govern elective abortions are examined with attention being given to commonly found age-disparate relationships as well as vulnerable and marginalized sections of society. The impact of the pandemic is also discussed with recommendations on multi-level action plans that would allow for effective advocacy. There is a lack of access to safe abortion infrastructure. Strengthening healthcare delivery infrastructure will mitigate the national economic burden and ensure that female reproductive health receives the attention it deserves.
Explainable AI-driven heterogeneity using coagulation–inflammatory markers improves prognosis prediction, risk stratification, and anticoagulant treatment effects for sepsis
Authors: Niu Bailin , Zhu Li , Chen Zengtian , Zhang Hong , Chen Hongjun , Liu Lanqi , Yu Wei , Wu Kai , Chen Yijin , Tao Xingyu , Yu Zefeng , Shi Linhui , Wang Jialian , Zhang Fan , Shen Jiaying , Liu Fen , Hu Chongke , Ren Yangguang , Liu Tzu-Ming , Luo Yang , Guo Fei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Sepsis, a leading cause of hospital mortality, is characterized by substantial heterogeneity, hindering the development of effective and interpretable prognostic and stratification methods. To address this challenge, we developed an explainable prognostic model (SepsisFormer, a transformer-based deep neural network with an enhanced domain-adaptive generator) and an automated risk stratification tool (SMART, a scorecard consistent with medical knowledge). In a multicenter retrospective study of 12,408 sepsis patients, SepsisFormer achieved high predictive accuracy (AUC: 0.9301, sensitivity: 0.9346, and specificity: 0.8312). SMART (AUC: 0.7360) surpassed most established scoring systems. Seven coagulation-inflammatory routine laboratory measurements and patient age were identified to classify patients' four risk levels (mild, moderate, severe, dangerous) and two subphenotypes (CIS1 and CIS2), each with distinct clinical characteristics and mortality rates. Notably, patients with moderate or severe levels or CIS2 derive more significant benefits from anticoagulant treatment. In conclusion, explainable artificial intelligence can potentially improve sepsis outcomes by uncovering patient heterogeneity.
Seasonal Variations in Otorhinolaryngology Case Presentations: Findings from a Pilot Study in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Mardan
Authors: imad Imad , Ahmad Miraj , Shah Syed Muddasir , Said Muhammad , Khattak Naeem , Rehman Ishtiaq Ur Rehman Ur , Uddin Iftikhar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
This retrospective study aimed to examine the seasonal variations in the prevalence of otorhinolaryngological (ORL) disorders at a prominent teaching hospital in Mardan, spanning from October 2023 to September 2024. By analyzing patient data from the Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Department, this study explored the seasonal trends in ORL conditions, considering the type of disorder, time of presentation, and demographic characteristics.
Results:
The study revealed significant seasonal variations in the prevalence of ORL conditions. Otitis media showed a marked increase during the spring and summer months, while upper respiratory tract infections, such as acute sinusitis and rhinitis, were more frequent in colder months. Notably, there was a rise in cases of epistaxis and tonsillitis during transitional seasons, which could be influenced by fluctuating environmental conditions and immune responses. The study also identified the 16–30 years age group as the most affected, indicating that young adults are particularly vulnerable to seasonal ORL conditions. Surgical case volumes exhibited seasonal fluctuations, with peak months observed in spring and autumn. Tonsillectomy and septoplasty were more common in winter, while functional endoscopic sinus surgeries (FESS) peaked in spring.
Conclusions:
This study highlights the seasonal patterns in otorhinolaryngological disorders, emphasizing the importance of incorporating these variations into clinical practice. Understanding these patterns can aid in optimizing healthcare resource allocation, improving patient care, and developing targeted prevention and management strategies. This approach is essential for better addressing the seasonal impact on ORL disorders.