bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for Abnormal Developmental Trajectories in Young Children With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Mussatto Kathleen A. , Hoffmann Raymond , Hoffman George , Tweddell James S. , Bear Laurel , Cao Yumei , Tanem Jena , Brosig Cheryl 
Published: August 2015

Background—
Children with congenital heart disease are at risk for developmental delay. This study sought to identify early risk factors for abnormal developmental trajectories in children with congenital heart disease.

Methods and Results—

Children with congenital heart disease at high risk for developmental delay, without known genetic abnormality, and with ≥3 assessments by the use of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition, were studied. Logistic regression was used to assess the impact of patient and clinical factors on cognitive, language, and motor score trajectories; classified as: average or improved if all scores were ≥85 (<1 standard deviation below the mean) or increased to ≥85 and never decreased; or abnormal if all scores were <85, fell to <85 and never improved, or fluctuated above and below 85. Data on 131 children with 527 Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition assessments were analyzed. Subject age was 5.5 to 37.4 months. Overall, 56% had cognitive, language, and motor development in the average range. Delays occurred in single domains in 23%. Multiple domains were delayed in 21%. More cardiac surgeries, longer hospital stay, poorer linear growth, and tube feeding were associated with worse outcomes in all domains (
P
<0.05). In the multivariable model, the need for tube feeding was a risk factor for having an abnormal developmental trajectory (odds ratio, 5.1–7.9). Minority race and lack of private insurance had significant relationships with individual domains.

Conclusions—
Longitudinal developmental surveillance identified early factors that can help quantify the risk of developmental delay over time. Strategies to improve modifiable factors and early therapeutic intervention can be targeted to children at highest risk.
Influence of Baseline Characteristics, Operative Conduct, and Postoperative Course on 30-Day Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Among Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Wrobel Krzysztof , Stevens Susanna R. , Jones Robert H. , Selzman Craig H. , Lamy Andre , Beaver Thomas M. , Djokovic Ljubomir T. , Wang Nan , Velazquez Eric J. , Sopko George , Kron Irving L. , DiMaio J. Michael , Michler Robert E. , Lee Kerry L. , Yii Michael , Leng Chua Yeow , Zembala Marian , Rouleau Jean L. , Daly Richard C. , Al-Khalidi Hussein R. 
Published: August 2015

Background—
Patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction, ischemic heart failure, and coronary artery disease suitable for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are at higher risk for surgical morbidity and mortality. Paradoxically, those patients with the most severe coronary artery disease and ventricular dysfunction who derive the greatest clinical benefit from CABG are also at the greatest operative risk, which makes decision making regarding whether to proceed to surgery difficult in such patients. To better inform such decision making, we analyzed the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) CABG population for detailed information on perioperative risk and outcomes.

Methods and Results—
In both STICH trials (hypotheses), 2136 patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction of ≤35% and coronary artery disease were allocated to medical therapy, CABG plus medical therapy, or CABG with surgical ventricular reconstruction. Relationships of baseline characteristics and operative conduct with morbidity and mortality at 30 days were evaluated. There were a total of 1460 patients randomized to and receiving surgery, and 346 (≈25%) of these high-risk patients developed a severe complication within 30 days. Worsening renal insufficiency, cardiac arrest with cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and ventricular arrhythmias were the most frequent complications and those most commonly associated with death. Mortality at 30 days was 5.1% and was generally preceded by a serious complication (65 of 74 deaths). Left ventricular size, renal dysfunction, advanced age, and atrial fibrillation/flutter were significant preoperative predictors of mortality within 30 days. Cardiopulmonary bypass time was the only independent surgical variable predictive of 30-day mortality.

Conclusions—
CABG can be performed with relatively low 30-day mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Serious postoperative complications occurred in nearly 1 in 4 patients and were associated with mortality.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00023595.
Microfluidic Single-Cell Analysis of Transplanted Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Cardiomyocytes After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Ong Sang-Ging , Huber Bruno C. , Hee Lee Won , Kodo Kazuki , Ebert Antje D. , Ma Yu , Nguyen Patricia K. , Diecke Sebastian , Chen Wen-Yi , Wu Joseph C. 
Published: August 2015

Background—
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are attractive candidates for therapeutic use, with the potential to replace deficient cells and to improve functional recovery in injury or disease settings. Here, we test the hypothesis that human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) can secrete cytokines as a molecular basis to attenuate adverse cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction.

Methods and Results—

Human iPSCs were generated from skin fibroblasts and differentiated in vitro with a small molecule–based protocol. Troponin
+
iPSC-CMs were confirmed by immunohistochemistry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and electrophysiological measurements. Afterward, 2×10
6
iPSC-CMs derived from a cell line transduced with a vector expressing firefly luciferase and green fluorescent protein were transplanted into adult NOD/SCID mice with acute left anterior descending artery ligation. Control animals received PBS injection. Bioluminescence imaging showed limited engraftment on transplantation into ischemic myocardium. However, magnetic resonance imaging of animals transplanted with iPSC-CMs showed significant functional improvement and attenuated cardiac remodeling compared with PBS-treated control animals. To understand the underlying molecular mechanism, microfluidic single-cell profiling of harvested iPSC-CMs, laser capture microdissection of host myocardium, and in vitro ischemia stimulation were used to demonstrate that the iPSC-CMs could release significant levels of proangiogenic and antiapoptotic factors in the ischemic microenvironment.

Conclusions—
Transplantation of human iPSC-CMs into an acute mouse myocardial infarction model can improve left ventricular function and attenuate cardiac remodeling. Because of limited engraftment, most of the effects are possibly explained by paracrine activity of these cells.
The Sea Level Response to External Forcings in Historical Simulations of CMIP5 Climate Models*
Authors: Slangen Aimée B. A. , Church John A. , Zhang Xuebin , Monselesan Didier P. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractChanges in Earth’s climate are influenced by internal climate variability and external forcings, such as changes in solar radiation, volcanic eruptions, anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHG), and aerosols. Although the response of surface temperature to external forcings has been studied extensively, this has not been done for sea level. Here, a range of climate model experiments for the twentieth century is used to study the response of global and regional sea level change to external climate forcings. Both the global mean thermosteric sea level and the regional dynamic sea level patterns show clear responses to anthropogenic forcings that are significantly different from internal climate variability and larger than the difference between models driven by the same external forcing. The regional sea level patterns are directly related to changes in surface winds in response to the external forcings. The spread between different realizations of the same model experiment is consistent with internal climate variability derived from preindustrial control simulations. The spread between the different models is larger than the internal variability, mainly in regions with large sea level responses. Although the sea level responses to GHG and anthropogenic aerosol forcing oppose each other in the global mean, there are differences on a regional scale, offering opportunities for distinguishing between these two forcings in observed sea level change.
Seasonal Soil Moisture Drought Prediction over Europe Using the North American Multi-Model Ensemble (NMME)
Authors: Thober Stephan , Kumar Rohini , Sheffield Justin , Mai Juliane , Schäfer David , Samaniego Luis 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Droughts diminish crop yields and can lead to severe socioeconomic damages and humanitarian crises (e.g., famine). Hydrologic predictions of soil moisture droughts several months in advance are needed to mitigate the impact of these extreme events. In this study, the performance of a seasonal hydrologic prediction system for soil moisture drought forecasting over Europe is investigated. The prediction system is based on meteorological forecasts of the North American Multi-Model Ensemble (NMME) that are used to drive the mesoscale hydrologic model (mHM). The skill of the NMME-based forecasts is compared against those based on the ensemble streamflow prediction (ESP) approach for the hindcast period of 1983–2009. The NMME-based forecasts exhibit an equitable threat score that is, on average, 69% higher than the ESP-based ones at 6-month lead time. Among the NMME-based forecasts, the full ensemble outperforms the single best-performing model CFSv2, as well as all subensembles. Subensembles, however, could be useful for operational forecasting because they are showing only minor performance losses (less than 1%), but at substantially reduced computational costs (up to 60%). Regardless of the employed forecasting approach, there is considerable variability in the forecasting skill ranging up to 40% in space and time. High skill is observed when forecasts are mainly determined by initial hydrologic conditions. In general, the NMME-based seasonal forecasting system is well suited for a seamless drought prediction system as it outperforms ESP-based forecasts consistently over the entire study domain at all lead times.
Citalopram for the Treatment of Agitation in Alzheimer Dementia
Authors: Peters Matthew E. , Vaidya Vijay , Drye Lea T. , Devanand Davangere P. , Mintzer Jacobo E. , Pollock Bruce G. , Porsteinsson Anton P. , Rosenberg Paul B. , Schneider Lon S. , Shade David M. , Weintraub Daniel , Yesavage Jerome , Lyketsos Constantine G. , Avramopoulos Dimitri 
Published: August 2015

Objective: To assess potential genetic influences on citalopram treatment efficacy for agitation in individuals with Alzheimer dementia (AD). Six functional genetic variants were studied in the following genes: serotonin receptor 2A ( HTR2A-T102C), serotonin receptor 2C ( HTR2C-Cys23Ser), serotonin transporter ( 5HTT-LPR), brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF-Val66Met), apolipoprotein E (ε2, ε3, ε4 variants), and cytochrome P450 ( CYP2C19). Treatment response by genotype was measured by (1) the agitation domain of the Neurobehavioral Rating Scale, (2) the modified Alzheimer Disease Cooperative Study—Clinical Global Impression of Change scale (mADCS-CGIC), (3) the agitation domain of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), and (4) the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory. Method: We utilized data from the Citalopram for Agitation in Alzheimer’s Disease (CitAD) database. CitAD was a 9-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trial showing significant improvement in agitation and caregiver distress in patients treated with citalopram. Proportional odds logistic regression and mixed effects models were used to examine the above-mentioned outcome measures. Results: Significant interactions were noted on the NPI agitation domain for HTR2A (likelihood ratio [LR] = 6.19, df = 2, P = .04) and the mADCS-CGIC for HTR2C (LR = 4.33, df = 2, P = .02) over 9 weeks. Discussion: Treatment outcomes in CitAD showed modest, although statistically significant, influence of genetic variation at HTR2A and HTR2C loci. Future studies should continue to examine the interaction of known genetic variants with antidepressant treatment in patients with AD having agitation.
Quality of Work Life and Organizational Performance
Authors: Nayak Tanaya , Sahoo Chandan Kumar 
Published: August 2015

Background The quality movement in health care has recognized better quality of work life (QWL) of employees as an important rubric for a health care organization’s performance. Health care employees are the front lines of the health care delivery system. However, studies on the QWL of private health care unit’s employees are limited. Methodology This research investigates the relationship between QWL, organizational performance (OP) and employee commitment (EC). A self-designed questionnaire was distributed to 300 health care employees. Out of which only 205 valid responses were received resulting in a response rate of 68 per cent from the survey. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20. Results The findings show that EC acts as a partial and a significant mediator in the relationship between QWL and OP. Mediation analysis was also conducted for each dimension of QWL, EC and OP to reinforce the results. Conclusions and Recommendations Findings can be used by health care units’ managers and policy makers to design and implement appropriate initiatives to improve QWL. Better QWL is the key to attract and retain qualified and motivated employees and can possibly lead to enhanced quality of services in health care organizations.
Utilization of Outpatient Care Services in Odisha
Authors: Rout Sarit Kumar 
Published: August 2015

Background: Comparative studies analysing the user’s perception about the services and reasons for selecting a public or private facility are crucial for improving service delivery. In India, there is considerable debate regarding public versus private sector. In this context, this study examines the factors determining utilization of either public or private health care institutions in Odisha. Methods: The study is based on primary data collected from the outpatients visiting public and private health care institutions in the two districts of Odisha. Information on socio economic status (SES) and patient’s perception on service delivery were collected through a questionnaire. Association between health care utilization either from a public or private facility and the predicator variables–SES and facilities related variables was determined using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: A higher proportion of patients belonging to the low SES utilized public facility than the private facility. The scheduled tribes (STs) were five times more likely to visit public facility than the general caste (OR = 5.042, CI = 1.0538–24.130). Physical accessibility was main the reason to access a public facility. However, quality of care remained a major constraint in the public facility. Due to quality reasons, patients were 50 per cent less likely to utilize a public facility (OR = 0.506, CI = 0.289–0.886). Conclusion: This study concludes people from the low SES are more likely to visit a public health facility than private. However, due to quality reasons the likelihood of visiting a public health facility is reduced significantly. Further, people incur expenditure out of their pocket on drugs and diagnostic tests in the public health system. Therefore, only physical access may not ensure higher utilization unless quality is ensured to protect the interest of the poor in the public health care system.
Social interaction in type 2 diabetes computer-mediated environments: How inherent features of the channels influence peer-to-peer interaction
Authors: Lewinski Allison A , Fisher Edwin B 
Published: August 2015

Introduction Interventions via the internet provide support to individuals managing chronic illness. The purpose of this integrative review was to determine how the features of a computer-mediated environment influence social interactions among individuals with type 2 diabetes. Methods and design A combination of MeSH and keyword terms, based on the cognates of three broad groupings: social interaction, computer-mediated environments, and chronic illness, was used to search the PubMed, PsychInfo, Sociology Research Database, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases. Eleven articles met the inclusion criteria. Results Computer-mediated environments enhance an individual's ability to interact with peers while increasing the convenience of obtaining personalized support. A matrix, focused on social interaction among peers, identified themes across all articles, and five characteristics emerged: (1) the presence of synchronous and asynchronous communication, (2) the ability to connect with similar peers, (3) the presence or absence of a moderator, (4) personalization of feedback regarding individual progress and self-management, and (5) the ability of individuals to maintain choice during participation. Conclusions Individuals interact with peers to obtain relevant, situation-specific information and knowledge about managing their own care. Computer-mediated environments facilitate the ability of individuals to exchange this information despite temporal or geographical barriers that may be present, thus improving T2D self-management.
Tracing reinforcement through asymmetrical partner preference in the European common vole Microtus arvalis
Authors: Beysard Mathias , Krebs-Wheaton Rebecca , Heckel Gerald 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background
The mechanistic basis of speciation and in particular the contribution of behaviour to the completion of the speciation process is often contentious. Contact zones between related taxa provide a situation where selection against hybridization might reinforce separation by behavioural mechanisms, which could ultimately fully isolate the taxa. One of the most abundant European mammals, the common vole Microtus arvalis, forms multiple natural hybrid zones where rapidly diverging evolutionary lineages meet in secondary contact. Very narrow zones of hybridization spanning only a few kilometres and sex-specific gene flow patterns indicate reduced fitness of natural hybrids and incipient speciation between some of the evolutionary lineages. In this study, we examined the contribution of behavioural mechanisms to the speciation process in these rodents by fine-mapping allopatric and parapatric populations in the hybrid zone between the Western and Central lineages and experimental testing of the partner preferences of wild, pure-bred and hybrid female common voles.

Results
Genetic analysis based on microsatellite markers revealed the presence of multiple parapatric and largely non-admixed populations at distances of about 10 km at the edge of the area of natural hybridization between the Western and Central lineages. Wild females from Western parapatric populations and lab-born F1 hybrids preferred males from the Western lineage whereas wild females of Central parapatric origin showed no measurable preference. Furthermore, wild and lab-born females from allopatric populations of the Western or Central lineages showed no detectable preference for males from either lineage.

Conclusions
The detected partner preferences are consistent with asymmetrical reinforcement of pre-mating reproductive isolation mechanisms in the European common vole and with earlier results suggesting that hybridization is more detrimental to the Western lineage. As a consequence, these differences in behaviour might contribute to a further geographical stabilization of this moving hybrid zone. Such behavioural processes could also provide a mechanistic perspective for frequently-detected asymmetrical introgression patterns in the largely allopatrically diversifying Microtus genus and other rapidly speciating rodents.
On the existence of fixed points that belong to the zero set of a certain function
Authors: Karapinar Erdal , O’Regan Donal , Samet Bessem 
Published: August 2015

AbstractLet $T: X\to X$
T
:
X
→
X
be a given operator and $F_{T}$

F
T

be the set of its fixed points. For a certain function $\varphi: X\to[0,\infty)$
φ
:
X
→
[
0
,
∞
)
, we say that $F_{T}$

F
T

is φ-admissible if $F_{T}$

F
T

is nonempty and $F_{T}\subseteq Z_{\varphi}$

F
T

⊆

Z
φ

, where $Z_{\varphi}$

Z
φ

is the zero set of φ. In this paper, we study the φ-admissibility of a new class of operators. As applications, we establish a new homotopy result and we obtain a partial metric version of the Boyd-Wong fixed point theorem.
Angiogenin-loaded fibrin/bone powder composite scaffold for vascularized bone regeneration
Authors: Kim Beom-Su , Kim Jin-Seong , Yang Sun-Sik , Kim Hyung-Woo , Lim Hun Jun , Lee Jun 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Background

Angiogenin (ANG) is a potent stimulator of angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to fabricate an ANG-loaded scaffold and to evaluate its angiogenic and osteogenic effects. In this study, we fabricated an ANG-loaded scaffold using bovine bone powder and fibrin glue. We then evaluated the structural, morphological, and mechanical properties of the scaffold and the in vitro release profile of ANG. Cell proliferation, viability, and adhesion were evaluated using endothelial cells
in vitro
, and angiogenesis and new bone formation were evaluated using a rabbit calvarial defect model
in vivo
.

Results

Micro-computed tomography imaging showed that the bone powder was uniformly distributed in the scaffold, and scanning electron microscopy showed that the bone powder was bridged by polymerized fibrin. The porosity and compressive strength of the scaffolds were ~60 % and ~0.9 MPa, respectively, and were not significantly altered by ANG loading.
In vitro
, at 7 days, approximately 0.4 μg and 1.3 μg of the ANG were released from the FB/ANG 0.5 and FB/ANG 2.0, respectively and sustained slow release was observed until 25 days. The released ANG stimulated cell proliferation and adherence and was not cytotoxic. Furthermore,
in vivo
implantation resulted in enhanced angiogenesis, and new bone formation depended on the amount of loaded ANG.

Conclusions
These studies demonstrate that a fibrin and bone powder scaffold loaded with ANG might be useful to promote bone regeneration by enhanced angiogenesis.