bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-vivo expansion of autologous limbal stem cell using simple limbal epithelial transplantation for treatment of limbal stem cell deficiency
Authors: Lal Ikeda , Panchal Bhavik Uttam , Basu Sayan , Sangwan Virender S 
Published: May 2013

A 20-year-old man from Bangladesh suffered accidental alkali injury to his right eye in May 2010 leading to total limbal stem cell deficiency. An amniotic membrane graft was performed 5 days after the accident and the patient presented to our institute 6 months later. On ocular examination, his best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/50 with a 360° pannus at the periphery and central area was spared but had stromal scarring. He underwent simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET) taking a limbal biopsy from his left eye and was prescribed steroid and antibiotic eye drops postoperatively as per the standard regimen. At 2 year follow-up, the patient's ocular surface is stable with improvement in BCVA to 20/25 post-SLET.
Touch target optimization technique using virtual finger-tip library
Authors: Jain Ajay 
Published: May 2013

Touch functionality is the latest mantra for consumers buying new smartphones or mobile devices. With devices screens becoming more compact, providing a user interface with easy navigation and effective usage is becoming increasingly difficult. Typically, the screens are designed using relevant design guidelines and work well for the general majority of people. However, every user is different. The way they handle the touch screen, the size of their finger-tips, everything is different. A single common UI design then fails to satisfy all the different users. Hence, there is a need to bridge the existing gap between the device UI screen design and the variances attached with users' touch inputs.
Our latest work1, discussed in this paper, solves this challenge to a significant extent by providing a library of virtual finger-tip entries. Each finger-tip entry in the library is pre-attached with a specific surface area attached to it. These finger-tips, although virtual, are provided with the functionality that they act as wearable objects for a device user. Once worn, the device owner need not worry about their actual finger-tip size (that is, the surface area of user's finger on the device screen). Irrespective of a user's actual finger-tip size, when you place your finger on any icon on the screen, it uses exactly the same surface area that the virtual finger-tip uses. Virtual finger-tip sizes are calculated dynamically based on the relative size interpretations from the actual finger-tip size and the touch inputs to the device. Multiple virtual finger tips options are listed in the library enabling a device user to select the most appropriate one depending on the touch target they plan to work on.
Tid1-L Inhibits EGFR Signaling in Lung Adenocarcinoma by Enhancing EGFR Ubiquitinylation and Degradation
Authors: Chen Chi-Yuan , Jan Chia-Ing , Lo Jeng-Fan , Yang Shuenn-Chen , Chang Yih-Leong , Pan Szu-Hua , Wang Wen-Lung , Hong Tse-Ming , Yang Pan-Chyr 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Tid1 (DNAJA3), a DnaJ cochaperone, may promote degradation of oncogenic kinases. Tid1 has 2 isoforms, Tid1-L and Tid1-S, that may function differently. In this study, we investigated the role of the Tid1 isoforms in regulating EGF receptor (EGFR) signaling and lung cancer progression. We found that both Tid1-L and Tid1-S expressions were reduced in patients with non–small cell lung cancer compared with normal counterparts. Tid1-L expression correlated inversely with EGFR expression. Low Tid1-L/high EGFR expression predicted poor overall survival in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Tid1-L overexpression in lung cancer cells attenuated EGFR signaling and inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, and tumor growth in subcutaneous and orthotropic xenograft models. Conversely, depletion of Tid1 restored EGFR signaling and increased cell proliferation and colony formation. Tid1-L, but not Tid1-S, interacted with EGFR/HSP70/HSP90 through the DnaJ domain, counteracting the EGFR regulatory function of HSP90 by causing EGFR ubiquitinylation and proteasomal degradation. Tid1-L inhibited EGFR signaling even more than the HSP90 inhibitor 17-allylamino-demethoxy geldanamycin. We concluded that Tid1-L acted as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting EGFR signaling through interaction with EGFR/HSP70/HSP90 and enhancing EGFR ubiquitinylation and degradation. Cancer Res; 73(13); 4009–19. ©2013 AACR.
MicroRNA Array Analysis Finds Elevated Serum miR-1290 Accurately Distinguishes Patients with Low-Stage Pancreatic Cancer from Healthy and Disease Controls
Authors: Li Ang , Yu Jun , Kim Haeryoung , Wolfgang Christopher L. , Canto Marcia Irene , Hruban Ralph H. , Goggins Michael 
Published: May 2013

AbstractPurpose: Our goal was to identify circulating micro RNA (miRNA) levels that could distinguish patients with low-stage pancreatic cancer from healthy and disease controls.Experimental Design: We measured 735 miRNAs in pancreatic cancer case and control sera by QRTPCR using TaqMan MicroRNA Arrays. After array analysis, we selected 18 miRNA candidates for validation in an independent set of cases and control samples.Results: Of the significantly elevated circulating miRNAs in patients with pancreatic cancer compared with controls, miR-1290 had the best diagnostic performance: receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis on miR-1290 serum level yielded curve areas (AUC) of 0.96 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.91–1.00], 0.81 (0.71–0.91), and 0.80 (0.67–0.93), for subjects with pancreatic cancer (n = 41) relative to healthy controls (n = 19), subjects with chronic pancreatitis (n = 35), and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (n = 18), respectively. Serum miR-1290 levels were also significantly higher than healthy controls among patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN; n = 20; AUC = 0.76, 0.61–0.91). Serum miR-1290 levels distinguished patients with low-stage pancreatic cancer from controls better than CA19-9 levels, and like CA19-9, higher miR-1290 levels predicted poorer outcome among patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. Greater numbers of miR-1290 transcripts were detected by FISH in primary pancreatic cancer and IPMN than normal pancreatic duct cells. miR-1290 influenced in vitro pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and invasive ability. Several other circulating miRNAs distinguished sera of patients with pancreatic cancer from those of healthy controls with AUCs &gt;0.7, including miR-24, miR-134, miR-146a, miR-378, miR-484, miR-628-3p, and miR-1825.Conclusions: The detection of elevated circulating miR-1290 has the potential to improve the early detection of pancreatic cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 19(13); 3600–10. ©2013 AACR.
Safety of Sports for Athletes With Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators
Authors: Lampert Rachel , Olshansky Brian , Heidbuchel Hein , Lawless Christine , Saarel Elizabeth , Ackerman Michael , Calkins Hugh , Estes N.A. Mark , Link Mark S. , Maron Barry J. , Marcus Frank , Scheinman Melvin , Wilkoff Bruce L. , Zipes Douglas P. , Berul Charles I. , Cheng Alan , Law Ian , Loomis Michele , Barth Cheryl , Brandt Cynthia , Dziura James , Li Fangyong , Cannom David 
Published: May 2013

Background—
The risks of sports participation for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) patients are unknown.

Methods and Results—
Athletes with ICDs (age, 10–60 years) participating in organized (n=328) or high-risk (n=44) sports were recruited. Sports-related and clinical data were obtained by phone interview and medical records. Follow-up occurred every 6 months. ICD shock data and clinical outcomes were adjudicated by 2 electrophysiologists. Median age was 33 years (89 subjects <20 years of age); 33% were female. Sixty were competitive athletes (varsity/junior varsity/traveling team). A pre-ICD history of ventricular arrhythmia was present in 42%. Running, basketball, and soccer were the most common sports. Over a median 31-month (interquartile range, 21–46 months) follow-up, there were no occurrences of either primary end point—death or resuscitated arrest or arrhythmia- or shock-related injury—during sports. There were 49 shocks in 37 participants (10% of study population) during competition/practice, 39 shocks in 29 participants (8%) during other physical activity, and 33 shocks in 24 participants (6%) at rest. In 8 ventricular arrhythmia episodes (device defined), multiple shocks were received: 1 at rest, 4 during competition/practice, and 3 during other physical activity. Ultimately, the ICD terminated all episodes. Freedom from lead malfunction was 97% at 5 years (from implantation) and 90% at 10 years.

Conclusions—
Many athletes with ICDs can engage in vigorous and competitive sports without physical injury or failure to terminate the arrhythmia despite the occurrence of both inappropriate and appropriate shocks. These data provide a basis for more informed physician and patient decision making in terms of sports participation for athletes with ICDs.
Die Sieger and Die Wibelungen: How Parsifal is the Fifth Opera of Wagner’s Ring
Authors: Schofield Paul 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Nineteenth-century German opera composer Richard Wagner was very knowledgeable about Buddhism and its teachings, at least for a European of that time, and he incorporated his knowledge of those teachings into his last five music dramas: The Ring of the Nibelung (a four-opera cycle) and his final opera, Parsifal. The Ring is traditionally performed separately from Parsifal, but this article explains how there is a basis to connect these five great works into one cycle, even to the extent where the performance of a five-opera cycle would one day become a reality. The basis for this connection includes Wagner’s own strong belief in reincarnation, as well as Buddhism’s general teaching and explanation of karma and rebirth.
Airborne Radar Observations of Severe Hailstorms: Implications for Future Spaceborne Radar
Authors: Heymsfield Gerald M. , Tian Lin , Li Lihua , McLinden Matthew , Cervantes Jaime I. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA new dual-frequency (Ku and Ka band) nadir-pointing Doppler radar on the high-altitude NASA ER-2 aircraft, called the High-Altitude Imaging Wind and Rain Airborne Profiler (HIWRAP), has collected data over severe thunderstorms in Oklahoma and Kansas during the Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E). The overarching motivation for this study is to understand the behavior of the dual-wavelength airborne radar measurements in a global variety of thunderstorms and how these may relate to future spaceborne-radar measurements. HIWRAP is operated at frequencies that are similar to those of the precipitation radar on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (Ku band) and the upcoming Global Precipitation Measurement mission satellite's dual-frequency (Ku and Ka bands) precipitation radar. The aircraft measurements of strong hailstorms have been combined with ground-based polarimetric measurements to obtain a better understanding of the response of the Ku- and Ka-band radar to the vertical distribution of the hydrometeors, including hail. Data from two flight lines on 24 May 2011 are presented. Doppler velocities were ~39 m s−1 at 10.7-km altitude from the first flight line early on 24 May, and the lower value of ~25 m s−1 on a second flight line later in the day. Vertical motions estimated using a fall speed estimate for large graupel and hail suggested that the first storm had an updraft that possibly exceeded 60 m s−1 for the more intense part of the storm. This large updraft speed along with reports of 5-cm hail at the surface, reflectivities reaching 70 dBZ at S band in the storm cores, and hail signals from polarimetric data provide a highly challenging situation for spaceborne-radar measurements in intense convective systems. The Ku- and Ka-band reflectivities rarely exceed ~47 and ~37 dBZ, respectively, in these storms.
Monthly Air Temperatures over Northern China Estimated by Integrating MODIS Data with GIS Techniques
Authors: Zheng Xiao , Zhu Jiaojun , Yan Qiaoling 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe Three-North Shelter/Protective Forest Programme (TNSFP), the largest ecological afforestation program in the world, was launched in 1978 and will last until 2050 to improve ecological conditions in the Three-North regions of China. To manage the shelter forests sustainably, it is necessary to accurately estimate air temperature on a large scale, but the spatial distribution of ground meteorological stations is limited. A hybrid method was established by combining stepwise regression modeling and spatial interpolation techniques (SRMSIT) to construct the monthly mean, minimum, and maximum air temperatures (Tmean, Tmin, and Tmax, respectively) at a 1 km × 1 km grid size in the Three-North regions. Stepwise regression modeling was applied to construct the relationship between air temperatures (Tmean, Tmin, and Tmax—the dependent variables) and geographical and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) variables (the independent variables). Spatial interpolation techniques were used to correct the residual values. According to the factor analysis, three geographic (altitude, latitude, and continentality) and two MODIS variables [nighttime land surface temperature (LST) and normalized difference vegetation index] were selected in stepwise regression modeling, and nighttime LST was the most powerful remote sensing variable. The SRMSIT method, in which the spatial interpolation of the residuals was done with inverse distance weighting, achieved average root-mean-square error values at 0.86°, 1.10°, and 1.13°C for Tmean, Tmin, and Tmax, respectively. Therefore, the simple regression algorithms derived from the combination of remote sensing and geographical variables, together with residual interpolation techniques, have the potential to accurately estimate monthly air temperature in large regions.
A Multiscale Model for the Planetary and Synoptic Motions in the Atmosphere
Authors: Dolaptchiev Stamen I. , Klein Rupert 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA reduced asymptotic model valid for the planetary and synoptic scales in the atmosphere is presented. The model is derived by applying a systematic multiple-scales asymptotic method to the full compressible-flow equations in spherical geometry. The synoptic-scale dynamics in the model is governed by modified quasigeostrophic equations, which take into account planetary-scale variations of the background stratification and of the Coriolis parameter. The planetary-scale background is described by the planetary geostrophic equations and a new closure condition in the form of a two-scale evolution equation for the barotropic component of the background flow. This closure equation provides a model revealing an interaction mechanism from the synoptic scale to the planetary scale.To obtain a quantitative assessment of the validity of the asymptotics, the balances on the planetary and synoptic scales are studied by utilizing a primitive equations model. For that purpose, spatial and temporal variations of different terms in the vorticity equation are analyzed. It is found that, for planetary-scale modes, the horizontal fluxes of relative and planetary vorticity are nearly divergence free. It is shown that the results are consistent with the asymptotic model.
Jet Interaction and the Influence of a Minimum Phase Speed Bound on the Propagation of Eddies
Authors: O'Rourke Amanda K. , Vallis Geoffrey K. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The feedback between planetary-scale eddies and analogs of the midlatitude eddy-driven jet and the subtropical jet is investigated in a barotropic β-plane model. In the model the subtropical jet is generated by a relaxation process and the eddy-driven jet by an imposed wavemaker. A minimum zonal phase speed bound is proposed in addition to the established upper bound, where the zonal phase speed of waves must be less than that of the zonal mean zonal flow. Cospectral analysis of eddy momentum flux convergence shows that eddy activity is generally restricted by these phase speed bounds.
The wavenumber-dependent minimum phase speed represents a turning line for meridionally propagating waves. By varying the separation distance between the relaxation and stirring regions, it is found that a sustained, double-jet state is achieved when either a critical or turning latitude forms in the interjet region. The interjet turning latitude filters eddies by zonal wavenumber such that shorter waves tend to be reflected off of the relaxed jet and are confined to the eddy-driven jet. The interjet region is transparent to long waves that act to blend the jets and may be associated with barotropic instability. The eddy-driven and relaxed jets tend to merge owing to the propagation of these long waves through the relaxed jet waveguide.
Statistical Downscaling Prediction of Sea Surface Winds over the Global Ocean
Authors: Sun Cangjie , Monahan Adam H. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The statistical prediction of local sea surface winds from large-scale, free-tropospheric fields is investigated at a number of locations over the global ocean using a statistical downscaling model based on multiple linear regression. The predictands (the mean and standard deviation of both vector wind components and wind speed) calculated from ocean buoy observations on daily, weekly, and monthly scales are regressed on upper-level predictor fields from reanalysis products. It is found that in general the mean vector wind components are more predictable than mean wind speed in the North Pacific and Atlantic, while in the tropical Pacific and Atlantic the difference in predictive skill between mean vector wind components and wind speed is not substantial. The predictability of wind speed relative to vector wind components is interpreted by an idealized model of the wind speed probability density function, which indicates that in the midlatitudes the mean wind speed is more sensitive to the vector wind standard deviations (which generally are not well predicted) than to the mean vector winds. In the tropics, the mean wind speed is found to be more sensitive to the mean vector winds. While the idealized probability model does a good job of characterizing month-to-month variations in the mean wind speed in terms of the vector wind statistics, month-to-month variations in the standard deviation of speed are not well modeled. A series of Monte Carlo experiments demonstrates that the inconsistency in the characterization of wind speed standard deviation is the result of differences of sampling variability between the vector wind and wind speed statistics.
Global Weather States and Their Properties from Passive and Active Satellite Cloud Retrievals
Authors: Tselioudis George , Rossow William , Zhang Yuanchong , Konsta Dimitra 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
In this study, the authors apply a clustering algorithm to International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) cloud optical thickness–cloud top pressure histograms in order to derive weather states (WSs) for the global domain. The cloud property distribution within each WS is examined and the geographical variability of each WS is mapped. Once the global WSs are derived, a combination of CloudSat and Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) vertical cloud structure retrievals is used to derive the vertical distribution of the cloud field within each WS. Finally, the dynamic environment and the radiative signature of the WSs are derived and their variability is examined. The cluster analysis produces a comprehensive description of global atmospheric conditions through the derivation of 11 WSs, each representing a distinct cloud structure characterized by the horizontal distribution of cloud optical depth and cloud top pressure. Matching those distinct WSs with cloud vertical profiles derived from CloudSat and CALIPSO retrievals shows that the ISCCP WSs exhibit unique distributions of vertical layering that correspond well to the horizontal structure of cloud properties. Matching the derived WSs with vertical velocity measurements shows a normal progression in dynamic regime when moving from the most convective to the least convective WS. Time trend analysis of the WSs shows a sharp increase of the fair-weather WS in the 1990s and a flattening of that increase in the 2000s. The fact that the fair-weather WS is the one with the lowest cloud radiative cooling capability implies that this behavior has contributed excess radiative warming to the global radiative budget during the 1990s.
Wave Transformation and Wave-Driven Flow across a Steep Coral Reef
Authors: Monismith Stephen G. , Herdman Liv M. M. , Ahmerkamp Soeren , Hench James L. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Observations of waves, setup, and wave-driven mean flows were made on a steep coral forereef and its associated lagoonal system on the north shore of Moorea, French Polynesia. Despite the steep and complex geometry of the forereef, and wave amplitudes that are nearly equal to the mean water depth, linear wave theory showed very good agreement with data. Measurements across the reef illustrate the importance of including both wave transport (owing to Stokes drift), as well as the Eulerian mean transport when computing the fluxes over the reef. Finally, the observed setup closely follows the theoretical relationship derived from classic radiation stress theory, although the two parameters that appear in the model—one reflecting wave breaking, the other the effective depth over the reef crest—must be chosen to match theory to data.
Linear Response of a Ventilated Thermocline to Periodic Wind Forcing
Authors: Kubokawa Atsushi 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis article presents a solution for the linear response of a 2½-layer ventilated thermocline to large-scale periodic wind forcing, with a fixed outcrop latitude. At the eastern boundary, a Rossby wave whose vertical structure is similar to the first baroclinic mode is generated and propagates westward in the shadow zone. Meanwhile, the wave is unstable and amplified westward in the southern region. In the ventilated zone, in addition to the first-mode Rossby wave generated at the eastern boundary, two waves with second mode–like vertical structures are generated. One wave is generated directly by the wind over the outcrop. This wave has a zero zonal wavenumber and southwestward group velocity, such that the eastern edge of the wave migrates westward as it propagates southward. The other wave is generated by interaction between the westward-propagating, first-mode Rossby wave and the outcrop. The zonal wavenumber is the same as that of the first mode at the outcrop, and the phase of the wave propagates southwestward. The crests and troughs of this wave extend across the ventilated zone from the outcrop to the internal boundary between the shadow zone and the ventilated zone.