bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L-arginine abolishes the hypothalamic serotonergic activation induced by central interleukin-1β administration to normal rats
Authors: Iuras Anderson , Telles Mônica M , Andrade Iracema S , Santos Gianni MS , Oyama Lila M , Nascimento Cláudia MO , Silveira Vera LF , Ribeiro Eliane B 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
IL-1β-induced anorexia may depend on interactions of the cytokine with neuropeptides and neurotransmitters of the central nervous system control of energy balance and serotonin is likely to be one catabolic mediator targeted by IL-1β. In the complex interplay involved in feeding modulation, nitric oxide has been ascribed a stimulatory action, which could be of significance in counteracting IL-1β effects.
The present study aims to explore the participation of the nitric oxide and the serotonin systems on the central mechanisms induced by IL-1β and the relevance of their putative interactions to IL-1β hypophagia in normal rats.
Serotonin levels were determined in microdialysates of the ventromedial hypothalamus after a single intracerebroventricular injection of 10 ng of IL-1β , with or without the pre-injection of 20 μg of the nitric oxide precursor L-arginine. IL-1β significantly stimulated hypothalamic serotonin extracellular levels, with a peak variation of 130 ±37% above baseline. IL- 1β also reduced the 4-h and the 24-h food intakes (by 23% and 58%, respectively). The IL-1β-induced serotonergic activation was abolished by the pre-injection of L-arginine while the hypophagic effect was unaffected.
The data showed that one central effect of IL-1β is serotonergic stimulation in the ventromedial hypothalamus, an action inhibited by nitric oxide activity. It is suggested that, although serotonin participates in IL-1β anorexia, other mechanisms recruited by IL-1β in normal rats are able to override the absence of the serotonergic hypophagic influence.
Synchronous development of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma in different sites of the liver with chronic B-viral hepatitis: two case reports
Authors: Jung Kyu Sik , Chun Kyeong Hyeon , Choi Gi Hong , Jeon Hyae Min , Shin Hye Sun , Park Young Nyun , Park Jun Yong 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
Synchronous development of primary hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma has been reported rarely. In literature review, there have been only 35 reported cases of synchronous hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and most of these tumors developed in patients with hepatitis C-related liver cirrhosis. Here, we present synchronous development of hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in two patients with chronic B-viral hepatitis.

Case presentation
Two patients with chronic hepatitis B were referred to our hospital due to a hepatic mass. Patient 1 had a 6.4 cm multinodular hepatic mass in the left lobe and a small nodule in the right lobe. Patient 2 had a 4.3 cm hypervascular mass in the right lobe and a 1.1 cm nodule in the left lobe. The pre-operative diagnosis of both cases was hepatocellular carcinoma with metastatic nodule, however, surgical resection pathology revealed that hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma existed independently in the other side of the liver in both cases. Additionally, the background liver histology of both cases was hepatitis B-related chronic hepatitis without cirrhotic change.

Conclusion
Our cases suggest that hepatitis B virus infection can also predispose to development of double liver cancers.
Therapeutic effects of sesame oil on monosodium urate crystal-induced acute inflammatory response in rats
Authors: Hsu Dur-Zong , Chen Si-Jin , Chu Pei-Yi , Liu Ming-Yie 
Published: December 2013

AbstractSesame oil has been used in traditional Taiwanese medicine to relieve the inflammatory pain in people with joint inflammation, toothache, scrapes, and cuts. However, scientific evidence related to the effectiveness or action mechanism of sesame oil on relief of pain and inflammation has not been examined experimentally. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effect of sesame oil on monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystal-induced acute inflammatory response in rats. Air pouch, a pseudosynovial cavity, was established by injecting 24 mL of filtered sterile air subcutaneously in the backs of the rats. At day 0, inflammation in air pouch was induced by injecting MSU crystal (5 mg/rat, suspended in sterilized phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4), while sesame oil (0, 1, 2, or 4 mL/kg, orally) was given 6 h after MSU crystal injection. Parameters in lavage and skin tissue from the air pouches were assessed 6 h after sesame oil was given. Sesame oil decreased MSU crystal-induced total cell counts, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 levels in lavage and pouch tissue. Sesame oil significantly decreased leukocyte and neutrophil counts in lavage compared with MSU crystal alone group. Sesame oil decreased activated mast cell counts in skin tissue in MSU crystal-treated rats. Sesame oil significantly decreased nuclear factor (NF)-κB activity and IL-4 level in isolated mast cells from rats treated with MSU crystal. Furthermore, sesame oil decreased lavage complement proteins C3a and C5a levels in MSU crystal-treated rats. In conclusion, sesame oil shows a potent therapeutic effect against MSU crystal-induced acute inflammatory response in rats.
Digital image processing techniques for detecting, quantifying and classifying plant diseases
Authors: Arnal Barbedo Jayme Garcia 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
This paper presents a survey on methods that use digital image processing techniques to detect, quantify and classify plant diseases from digital images in the visible spectrum. Although disease symptoms can manifest in any part of the plant, only methods that explore visible symptoms in leaves and stems were considered. This was done for two main reasons: to limit the length of the paper and because methods dealing with roots, seeds and fruits have some peculiarities that would warrant a specific survey. The selected proposals are divided into three classes according to their objective: detection, severity quantification, and classification. Each of those classes, in turn, are subdivided according to the main technical solution used in the algorithm. This paper is expected to be useful to researchers working both on vegetable pathology and pattern recognition, providing a comprehensive and accessible overview of this important field of research.
Technical Advance: Monitoring the trafficking of neutrophil granulocytes and monocytes during the course of tissue inflammation by noninvasive 19F MRI
Authors: Temme Sebastian , Jacoby Christoph , Ding Zhaoping , Bönner Florian , Borg Nadine , Schrader Jürgen , Flögel Ulrich 
Published: December 2013

AbstractInflammation results in the recruitment of neutrophils and monocytes, which is crucial for the healing process. In the present study, we used 19F MRI to monitor in vivo the infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes from the onset of inflammation to the resolution and healing phase. Matrigel, with or without LPS, was s.c.-implanted into C57BL/6 mice. This resulted in a focal inflammation lasting over a period of 20 days, with constantly decreasing LPS levels in doped matrigel plugs. After i.v. administration of 19F containing contrast agent, 19F MRI revealed a zonular 19F signal in the periphery of LPS containing matrigel plugs, which was not observed in control plugs. Analysis of the 19F signal over the observation period demonstrated the strongest 19F signal after 24 h, which decreased to nearly zero after 20 days. The 19F signal was mirrored by the amount of leukocytes in the matrigel, with neutrophils dominating at early time-points and macrophages at later time-points. Both populations were shown to take up the 19F contrast agent. In conclusion, 19F MRI, in combination with the matrigel/LPS model, permits the noninvasive analysis of neutrophil and monocyte infiltration over the complete course of inflammation in vivo.
Characterization of endocannabinoid-mediated induction of myeloid-derived suppressor cells involving mast cells and MCP-1
Authors: Jackson Austin R , Hegde Venkatesh L , Nagarkatti Prakash S , Nagarkatti Mitzi 
Published: December 2013

AbstractEndocannabinoids are lipid-signaling molecules found in the nervous system; however, their precise role in the periphery is unclear. In the current study, we observed that a single i.p. administration of AEA caused rapid induction of MDSCs. The MDSCs contained a mixture of granulocytic and monocytic subtypes and expressed Arg-1 and iNOS. The MDSCs suppressed T cell proliferation in vitro and used iNOS to mediate their effect. Moreover, adoptive transfer of MDSCs led to suppression of mBSA-induced DTH. Through the use of pharmacological inhibition, as well as genetic knockout mice, we found that the induction of MDSCs by AEA was CB1-dependent. The induction of MDSCs by AEA was reduced significantly in mast cell-deficient mice, while maintained in LPS-insensitive mice, showing that the induction of MDSCs by AEA was dependent, at least in part, on mast cells and independent of TLR4. Chemokine analysis of AEA- treated WT mice showed an early spike of MCP-1, which was decreased in KitW/W−sh mice, showing a role of mast cells in the secretion of MCP-1 in response to AEA. Also, use of antibodies against MCP-1 or mice deficient in MCP-1 confirmed the role played by MCP-1. Interestingly, MCP-1 played a significant role in the induction of monocytic but not granulocytic MDSCs. Our studies demonstrate for the first time that endocannaboinids activate CB1 on mast cells to induce MCP-1, which facilitates recruitment of monocytic MDSCs.
Negative role of inducible PD-1 on survival of activated dendritic cells
Authors: Park Seong Jeong , Namkoong Hong , Doh Junsang , Choi Jong-Cheol , Yang Bo-Gie , Park Yunji , Chul Sung Young 
Published: December 2013

AbstractPD-1 is a well-established negative regulator of T cell responses by inhibiting proliferation and cytokine production of T cells via interaction with its ligands, B7-H1 (PD-L1) and B7-DC (PD-L2), expressed on non-T cells. Recently, PD-1 was found to be expressed in innate cells, including activated DCs, and plays roles in suppressing production of inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we demonstrate that PD-1 KO DCs exhibited prolonged longevity compared with WT DCs in the dLNs after transfer of DCs into hind footpads. Interestingly, upon LPS stimulation, WT DCs increased the expression of PD-1 and started to undergo apoptosis. DCs, in spleen of LPS-injected PD-1 KO mice, were more resistant to LPS-mediated apoptosis in vivo than WT controls. Moreover, treatment of blocking anti-PD-1 mAb during DC maturation resulted in enhanced DC survival, suggesting that PD-1:PD-L interactions are involved in DC apoptosis. As a result, PD-1-deficient DCs augmented T cell responses in terms of antigen-specific IFN-γ production and proliferation of CD4 and CD8 T cells to a greater degree than WT DCs. Moreover, PD-1 KO DCs exhibited increased MAPK1 and CD40–CD40L signaling, suggesting a possible mechanism for enhanced DC survival in the absence of PD-1 expression. Taken together, our findings further extend the function of PD-1, which plays an important role in apoptosis of activated DCs and provides important implications for PD-1-mediated immune regulation.
The double bromodomain protein Brd2 promotes B cell expansion and mitogenesis
Authors: Belkina Anna C , Blanton Wanda P , Nikolajczyk Barbara S , Denis Gerald V 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTBromodomain-containing transcriptional regulators represent new epigenetic targets in different hematologic malignancies. However, bromodomain-mediated mechanisms that couple histone acetylation to transcription in lymphopoiesis and govern mature lymphocyte mitogenesis are poorly understood. Brd2, a transcriptional coregulator that contains dual bromodomains and an extraterminal domain (the BET family), couples chromatin to cell-cycle progression. We reported previously the first functional characterization of a BET protein as an effector of mammalian mitogenic signal transduction: Eμ-Brd2 Tg mice develop “activated B cell” diffuse large B cell lymphoma. No other animal models exist for genetic or lentiviral expression of BET proteins, hampering testing of novel anti-BET anticancer drugs, such as JQ1. We transduced HSCs with Brd2 lentivirus and reconstituted recipient mice to test the hypothesis that Brd2 regulates hematopoiesis in BM and mitogenesis in the periphery. Forced expression of Brd2 provides an expansion advantage to the donor-derived B cell compartment in BM and increases mature B cell mitogenic responsiveness in vitro. Brd2 binds the cyclin A promoter in B cells, shown by ChIP, and increases cyclin A mRNA and protein levels, and S-phase progression in vitro in mitogen-stimulated primary B cells, but not T cells, reinforcing results from Eμ-Brd2 mice. The small molecule BET inhibitor JQ1 reduces B cell mitogenesis, consistent with the interpretation that BET inhibitors are antiproliferative. Brd2-specific knockdown experiments show that Brd2 is also required for hematopoiesis. We conclude that Brd2 plays a critical, independent role in regulation of mitogenic response genes, particularly cyclin A, in B cells.
Hydrodynamics of intertidal oyster reefs: The influence of boundary layer flow processes on sediment and oxygen exchange
Authors: Reidenbach Matthew A. , Berg Peter , Hume Andrew , Hansen Jennifer C. R. , Whitman Elizabeth R. 
Published: December 2013

Lay AbstractThe Eastern oyster,Crassostrea virginica, often forms intertidal reefs composed of dense assemblages of oysters. Because of their suspension feeding, oysters clear large quantities of particulate matter from the water column, removing not only phytoplankton but also suspended sediment. In addition, because of their metabolic requirements, oysters can utilize substantial quantities of oxygen. An intertidal oyster reef was monitored to quantify processes affecting flow, suspended sediment deposition and erosion, and the exchange of oxygen to and from the reef. At the center of the reef, the flux of oxygen was measured using an eddy‐correlation technique, while sediment uptake was computed from the difference between upstream and downstream suspended sediment concentrations across the reef. While the reef was submerged, oxygen uptake increased linearly with velocity, ranging between 100 and 600 mmol m − 2 d − 1. Sediment deposition to the reef also increased linearly for velocities between 0 and 10 cm s − 1. However, for velocities >15 cm s − 1, sediment uptake by the reef decreased, and at flows >25 cm s − 1there was net erosion from the reef due to the resuspension of sediment. Overall, results show that oysters have a net positive effect on water clarity and that water velocities exert a strong influence on the exchange of oxygen and sediment to and from the reef surface.
An Unexpected Link Between Notch Signaling and ROS in Restricting the Differentiation of Hematopoietic Progenitors in Drosophila
Authors: Small Chiyedza , Ramroop Johnny , Otazo Maria , Huang Lawrence H , Saleque Shireen , Govind Shubha 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
A fundamental question in hematopoietic development is how multipotent progenitors achieve precise identities, while the progenitors themselves maintain quiescence. In Drosophila melanogaster larvae, multipotent hematopoietic progenitors support the production of three lineages, exhibit quiescence in response to cues from a niche, and from their differentiated progeny. Infection by parasitic wasps alters the course of hematopoiesis. Here we address the role of Notch (N) signaling in lamellocyte differentiation in response to wasp infection. We show that Notch activity is moderately high and ubiquitous in all cells of the lymph gland lobes, with crystal cells exhibiting the highest levels. Wasp infection reduces Notch activity, which results in fewer crystal cells and more lamellocytes. Robust lamellocyte differentiation is induced even in N mutants. Using RNA interference knockdown of N, Serrate, and neuralized (neur), and twin clone analysis of a N null allele, we show that all three genes inhibit lamellocyte differentiation. However, unlike its cell-autonomous function in crystal cell development, Notch’s inhibitory influence on lamellocyte differentiation is not cell autonomous. High levels of reactive oxygen species in the lymph gland lobes, but not in the niche, accompany NRNAi-induced lamellocyte differentiation and lobe dispersal. Our results define a novel dual role for Notch signaling in maintaining competence for basal hematopoiesis: while crystal cell development is encouraged, lamellocytic fate remains repressed. Repression of Notch signaling in fly hematopoiesis is important for host defense against natural parasitic wasp infections. These findings can serve as a model to understand how reactive oxygen species and Notch signals are integrated and interpreted in vivo.
Three Potato Centromeres Are Associated with Distinct Haplotypes with or Without Megabase-Sized Satellite Repeat Arrays
Authors: Wang Linsheng , Zeng Zixian , Zhang Wenli , Jiang Jiming 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
We report discoveries of different haplotypes associated with the centromeres of three potato chromosomes, including haplotypes composed of long arrays of satellite repeats and haplotypes lacking the same repeats. These results are in favor of the hypothesis that satellite repeat-based centromeres may originate from neocentromeres that lack repeats.
Prediction of Postchemotherapy Ovarian Function Using Markers of Ovarian Reserve
Authors: Henry N. Lynn , Xia Rong , Schott Anne F. , McConnell Daniel , Banerjee Mousumi , Hayes Daniel F. 
Published: December 2013

Learning ObjectivesExplain the association between clinical factors and postchemotherapy ovarian function. Explain the association between biochemical markers and postchemotherapy ovarian function. Discuss the role that age and anti-Müllerian hormone may play in prediction of postchemotherapy ovarian function status.
Periodontal Manifestations of Chronic Atypical Neutrophilic Dermatosis With Lipodystrophy and Elevated Temperature (CANDLE) Syndrome in an 11‐Year‐Old Patient
Authors: McKenna Gerald J. , Ziada Hassan M. 
Published: December 2013

Introduction: Chronic atypical neutrophilic dermatosis with lipodystrophy and elevated temperature (CANDLE) is an autoinflammatory syndrome caused by an autosomal recessive gene mutation. This very rare syndrome has been reported in only 14 patients worldwide. A number of clinical signs have been reported, including joint contractures, muscle atrophy, microcytic anemia, and panniculitis‐induced childhood lipodystrophy. Additional symptoms include recurrent fevers, purpuric skin lesions, periorbital erythema, and failure to thrive. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of periodontal manifestations associated with CANDLE syndrome.Case Presentation: An 11‐year‐old boy was referred to Cork University Dental School and Hospital, Cork, Ireland, with evidence of severe periodontal breakdown. The patient's medical condition was managed in Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, London, United Kingdom. The patient's dental management included initial treatment to remove teeth of hopeless prognosis, followed by prosthodontic rehabilitation using removable partial dentures. This was followed by additional non‐surgical periodontal treatment and maintenance. In the long term, the potential definitive restorative options, including dental implants, will be evaluated in discussion with the patient's medical team.Conclusions: Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease is one of seven categories of periodontitis as defined by the American Academy of Periodontology 1999 classification system. A number of systemic diseases have been associated with advanced periodontal breakdown, including diabetes mellitus, leukemia, and Papillon‐Lefèvre syndrome. In the case described, treatment necessitated a multidisciplinary approach with input from medical and dental specialties for a young patient with severe periodontal breakdown associated with CANDLE syndrome.
Scaling Up Diabetes Prevention in Victoria, Australia: Policy Development, Implementation, and Evaluation
Authors: Dunbar James A. , Jayawardena Abirami , Johnson Greg , Roger Karen , Timoshanko Amy , Versace Vincent L. , Shill Jane , Philpot Benjamin , Vartiainen Erkki , Laatikainen Tiina , Best James D. , Janus Edward D. 
Published: December 2013

OBJECTIVE
The Australian lifestyle intervention program Life! is only the second reported, large-scale diabetes prevention program. This article describes the genesis and the successful establishment of Life! and its key outcomes for participants and implementation.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Life!, a behavior-change intervention, comprises six group sessions over 8 months. The Victorian Department of Health funded Diabetes Australia–Victoria to implement the program. Experience of the Greater Green Triangle diabetes prevention implementation trial was used for intervention design, workforce development, training, and infrastructure. Clinical and anthropometric data from participants, used for program evaluation, were recorded on a central database.

RESULTS
Life! has a statewide workforce of 302 trained facilitators within 137 organizations. Over 29,000 Victorians showed interest in Life!, and 15,000 individuals have been referred to the program. In total, 8,412 participants commenced a Life! program between October 2007 and June 2011, and 37% of the original participants completed the 8-month program. Participants completing sessions 1 to 5 lost an average of 1.4 kg weight (P &lt; 0.001) and waist circumference of 2.5 cm (P &lt; 0.001). Those completing six sessions lost an average of 2.4 kg weight (P &lt; 0.001) and waist circumference of 3.8 cm (P &lt; 0.001). The weight loss of 2.4 kg represents 2.7% of participants’ starting body weight.

CONCLUSIONS
The impact of Life! is attributable to applying available evidence for the system’s design of the intervention and collaboration between policy makers, implementers, and evaluators using the principles of continuous quality improvement to support successful, large-scale recruitment and implementation.
Quantitative Estimation of Insulin Sensitivity in Type 1 Diabetic Subjects Wearing a Sensor-Augmented Insulin Pump
Authors: Schiavon Michele , Dalla Man Chiara , Kudva Yogish C. , Basu Ananda , Cobelli Claudio 
Published: December 2013

OBJECTIVE
The goal was to develop a new index of insulin sensitivity in patients with type 1 diabetes estimated from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and subcutaneous insulin delivery data under carefully controlled conditions.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The database consists of 12 subjects with type 1 diabetes, studied during breakfast, lunch, and dinner, in a clinical research unit, wearing both subcutaneous insulin pump and CGM device. Frequent blood samples were drawn for measurements of plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in order to estimate insulin sensitivity with the oral minimal model (SIMM). The new index of insulin sensitivity (SISP) was calculated with a simple algebraic formula for each meal, using only CGM and insulin pump data and compared with SIMM.

RESULTS
SI SP was well correlated with SIMM (r = 0.825; P &lt; 10−8), and diurnal pattern was also similar to SIMM.

CONCLUSIONS
A novel method for estimating insulin sensitivity in subjects with type 1 diabetes on sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy has been presented. This new index correlates well with the reference oral minimal model estimate of insulin sensitivity. The knowledge of patient-specific insulin sensitivity and its diurnal variation can help in optimizing insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes and could also inform next-generation closed-loop control systems.