bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unconventional interplay between heterovalent dopant elements: Switch-and-modulator band-gap engineering in (Y, Co)-Codoped CeO2 nanocrystals
Authors: Wu T. S. , Li H. D. , Chen Y. W. , Chen S. F. , Su Y. S. , Chu C. H. , Pao C. W. , Lee J. F. , Lai C. H. , Jeng H. T. , Chang S. L. , Soo Y. L. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe report the experimental observation and theoretical explanation of an unconventional interplay between divalent Co and trivalent Y dopants, both of which incur oxygen vacancies in the CeO2 host that has predominantly tetravalent Ce cations. The Co dopant atoms were experimentally found to act as a switch that turns on the dormant effect of Y-modulated band-gap reduction. As revealed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations with structures verified by synchrotron-radiation x-ray measurements, a Co 3d band that hybridizes with Ce 4f band was lowered due to reduced O 2p repulsion arising from oxygen vacancies incurred by Y doping and therefore gave rise to the observed band-gap narrowing effect. Such switch-and-modulator scheme for band-gap engineering in nanocrystal materials can lead to important applications in environmental protection and solar energy harvesting technologies.
Epoxides Derived from Dietary Dihomo-Gamma-Linolenic Acid Induce Germ Cell Death in C. elegans
Authors: Deline Marshall , Keller Julia , Rothe Michael , Schunck Wolf-Hagen , Menzel Ralph , Watts Jennifer L. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDietary fats are not created equally, slight differences in structure lead to crucial differences in function. Muticellular organisms use polyunsaturated fatty acid as substrates to produce potent signaling molecules crucial for many physiological processes, including reproduction. Here we explored the mechanism responsible for germ cell loss induced by dietary supplementation of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA, 20:3n-6) in the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans. In this study we found that C. elegans CYP-33E2 activity produces a range of epoxy and hydroxy metabolites from dietary DGLA. Knockdown of cyp-33E2 suppressed the DGLA-induced sterility phenotype. Additionally, direct exposure of two specific DGLA-derived epoxy products, 8,9- and 14,15-epoxyeicosadienoic acids, produced germ cell abnormalities in the C. elegans gonad. We propose that sterility is mediated by the production of toxic DGLA-derived epoxides that trigger germ cell destruction. These studies are the first to establish a biological activity for a CYP-produced metabolite of DGLA.
Selection of suitable reference genes for normalization of quantitative RT-PCR in peripheral blood samples of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)
Authors: Chen I-Hua , Chou Lien-Siang , Chou Shih-Jen , Wang Jiann-Hsiung , Stott Jeffrey , Blanchard Myra , Jen I-Fan , Yang Wei-Cheng 
Published: October 2015

AbstractQuantitative RT-PCR is often used as a research tool directed at gene transcription. Selection of optimal housekeeping genes (HKGs) as reference genes is critical to establishing sensitive and reproducible qRT-PCR-based assays. The current study was designed to identify the appropriate reference genes in blood leukocytes of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) for gene transcription research. Seventy-five blood samples collected from 7 bottlenose dolphins were used to analyze 15 candidate HKGs (ACTB, B2M, GAPDH, HPRT1, LDHB, PGK1, RPL4, RPL8, RPL18, RPS9, RPS18, TFRC, YWHAZ, LDHA, SDHA). HKG stability in qRT-PCR was determined using geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper and comparative delta Ct algorithms. Utilization of RefFinder, which combined all 4 algorithms, suggested that PGK1, HPRT1 and RPL4 were the most stable HKGs in bottlenose dolphin blood. Gene transcription perturbations in blood can serve as an indication of health status in cetaceans as it occurs prior to alterations in hematology and chemistry. This study identified HKGs that could be used in gene transcript studies, which may contribute to further mRNA relative quantification research in the peripheral blood leukocytes in captive cetaceans.
Herpes Simplex Virus type-1 infection induces synaptic dysfunction in cultured cortical neurons via GSK-3 activation and intraneuronal amyloid-β protein accumulation
Authors: Piacentini Roberto , Li Puma Domenica Donatella , Ripoli Cristian , Elena Marcocci Maria , De Chiara Giovanna , Garaci Enrico , Teresa Palamara Anna , Grassi Claudio 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests that recurrent Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection spreading to the CNS is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated yet. Here we demonstrate that in cultured mouse cortical neurons HSV-1 induced Ca2+-dependent activation of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3. This event was critical for the HSV-1-dependent phosphorylation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) at Thr668 and the following intraneuronal accumulation of amyloid-β protein (Aβ). HSV-1-infected neurons also exhibited: i) significantly reduced expression of the presynaptic proteins synapsin-1 and synaptophysin; ii) depressed synaptic transmission. These effects depended on GSK-3 activation and intraneuronal accumulation of Aβ. In fact, either the selective GSK-3 inhibitor, SB216763, or a specific antibody recognizing Aβ (4G8) significantly counteracted the effects induced by HSV-1 at the synaptic level. Moreover, in neurons derived from APP KO mice and infected with HSV-1 Aβ accumulation was not found and synaptic protein expression was only slightly reduced when compared to wild-type infected neurons. These data further support our contention that HSV-1 infections spreading to the CNS may contribute to AD phenotype.
Disparate developmental patterns of immune responses to bacterial and viral infections in fish
Authors: Castro Rosario , Jouneau Luc , Tacchi Luca , Macqueen Daniel J. , Alzaid Abdullah , Secombes Christopher J. , Martin Samuel A. M. , Boudinot Pierre 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDuring early stages of development vertebrates rely on an immature immune system to fight pathogens, but in non mammalian species few studies have taken an in-depth analysis of the transition from reliance on innate immune mechanisms to the appearance of adaptive immunity. Using rainbow trout as a model we characterized responses to two natural pathogens of this species, the Gram negative bacterium Aeromonas salmonicida and the virus VHSV, using microarray analysis at four early life history stages; eyed egg, post hatch, first feeding and three weeks post first feeding when adaptive immunity starts to be effective. All stages responded to both infections, but the complexity of the response increased with developmental stage. The response to virus showed a clear interferon response only from first feeding. In contrast, bacterial infection induced a marked response from early stages, with modulation of inflammatory, antimicrobial peptide and complement genes across all developmental stages. Whilst the viral and bacterial responses were distinct, there were modulated genes in common, mainly of general inflammatory molecules. This work provides a first platform to explore the development of fish immunity to infection and to compare the age-dependent changes (from embryo to adults) across vertebrates.
Identification of differentially expressed microRNAs between Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab-resistant and -susceptible strains of Ostrinia furnacalis
Authors: Xu Li-Na , Ling Ying-Hui , Wang Yue-Qin , Wang Zhen-Ying , Hu Ben-Jin , Zhou Zi-Yan , Hu Fei , He Kang-Lai 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), can develop strong resistance to Cry1Ab, the most widely commercialized Cry toxin for Bt maize worldwide. It is essential to understand the mechanism of resistance for management of this species, but information on the post-transcriptional regulation of Bt resistance in this target insect is limited. In the present study, RNA was extracted from the ACB in various larval stages (1–5 instar) from Cry1Ab-sensitive (ACB-BtS) and -resistant (ACB-AbR) strains, each of which included two biological replicates. Using Illumina sequencing, a total of 23,809,890 high-quality reads were collected from the four ACB libraries. The numbers of known microRNAs (miRNAs) were 302 and 395 for ACB-BtS and 268 and 287 for ACB-AbR. Using Mireap software, we identified 32 and 16 potential novel miRNAs for ACB-BtS and 18 and 22 for ACB-AbR. Among them, 21 known and 1 novel miRNAs had significantly different expression between ACB-BtS and ACB-AbR. Several miRNAs were observed to target potential Bt receptor genes, such as aminopeptidase N and cadherin-like protein. The glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthetic process and ABC transporters pathway were identified through Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analysis of target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs.
Implementation of Complete Boolean Logic Functions in Single Complementary Resistive Switch
Authors: Gao Shuang , Zeng Fei , Wang Minjuan , Wang Guangyue , Song Cheng , Pan Feng 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe unique complementary switching behaviour of complementary resistive switches (CRSs) makes them very attractive for logic applications. The implementation of complete Boolean logic functions in a single CRS cell is certainly an extremely important step towards the commercialisation of related logic circuits, but it has not been accomplished to date. Here, we report two methods for the implementation of complete Boolean logic functions in a single CRS cell. The first method is based on the intrinsic switchable diode of a peculiar CRS cell that is composed of two anti-serial bipolar resistive switches with a rectifying high resistance state, while the second method is based directly on the complementary switching behaviour itself of any single CRS cell. The feasibilities of both methods have been theoretically predicted and then experimentally demonstrated on the basis of a Ta/Ta2O5/Pt/Ta2O5/Ta CRS cell. Therefore, these two methods—in particular the complementary switching behaviour itself-based method, which has natural immunity to the sneak-path issue of crossbar logic circuits—are believed to be capable of significantly advancing both our understanding and commercialization of related logic circuits. Moreover, peculiar CRS cells have been demonstrated to be feasible for tri-level storage, which can serve as an alternative method of realising ultra-high-density data storage.
An evidence-based knowledgebase of metastasis suppressors to identify key pathways relevant to cancer metastasis
Authors: Zhao Min , Li Zhe , Qu Hong 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMetastasis suppressor genes (MS genes) are genes that play important roles in inhibiting the process of cancer metastasis without preventing growth of the primary tumor. Identification of these genes and understanding their functions are critical for investigation of cancer metastasis. Recent studies on cancer metastasis have identified many new susceptibility MS genes. However, the comprehensive illustration of diverse cellular processes regulated by metastasis suppressors during the metastasis cascade is lacking. Thus, the relationship between MS genes and cancer risk is still unclear. To unveil the cellular complexity of MS genes, we have constructed MSGene (http://MSGene.bioinfo-minzhao.org/), the first literature-based gene resource for exploring human MS genes. In total, we manually curated 194 experimentally verified MS genes and mapped to 1448 homologous genes from 17 model species. Follow-up functional analyses associated 194 human MS genes with epithelium/tissue morphogenesis and epithelia cell proliferation. In addition, pathway analysis highlights the prominent role of MS genes in activation of platelets and coagulation system in tumor metastatic cascade. Moreover, global mutation pattern of MS genes across multiple cancers may reveal common cancer metastasis mechanisms. All these results illustrate the importance of MSGene to our understanding on cell development and cancer metastasis.
A proteomic analysis of seeds from Bt-transgenic Brassica napus and hybrids with wild B. juncea
Authors: Liu Yongbo , Zhang Ying-Xue , Song Song-Quan , Li Junsheng , Neal Stewart C. , Wei Wei , Zhao Yujie , Wang Wei-Qing 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTransgene insertions might have unintended side effects on the transgenic host, both crop and hybrids with wild relatives that harbor transgenes. We employed proteomic approaches to assess protein abundance changes in seeds from Bt-transgenic oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and its hybrids with wild mustard (B. juncea). A total of 24, 15 and 34 protein spots matching to 23, 13 and 31 unique genes were identified that changed at least 1.5 fold (p < 0.05, Student’s t-test) in abundance between transgenic (tBN) and non-transgenic (BN) oilseed rape, between hybrids of B. juncea (BJ) × tBN (BJtBN) and BJ × BN (BJBN) and between BJBN and BJ, respectively. Eight proteins had higher abundance in tBN than in BN. None of these proteins was toxic or nutritionally harmful to human health, which is not surprising since the seeds are not known to produce toxic proteins. Protein spots varying in abundance between BJtBN and BJBN seeds were the same or homologous to those in the respective parents. None of the differentially-accumulated proteins between BJtBN and BJBN were identical to those between tBN and BN. Results indicated that unintended effects resulted from transgene flow fell within the range of natural variability of hybridization and those found in the native host proteomes.
Ciliary neurotrophic factor has intrinsic and extrinsic roles in regulating B cell differentiation and bone structure
Authors: Askmyr Maria , White Kirby E. , Jovic Tanja , King Hannah A. , Quach Julie M. , Maluenda Ana C. , Baker Emma K. , Smeets Monique F. , Walkley Carl R. , Purton Louise E. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe gp130 receptor and its binding partners play a central role in cytokine signalling. Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is one of the cytokines that signals through the gp130 receptor complex. CNTF has previously been shown to be a negative regulator of trabecular bone remodelling and important for motor neuron development. Since haematopoietic cell maintenance and differentiation is dependent on the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, where cells of the osteoblastic lineage are important regulators, we hypothesised that CNTF may also have important roles in regulating haematopoiesis. Analysis of haematopoietic parameters in male and female Cntf−/− mice at 12 and 24 weeks of age revealed altered B lymphopoiesis. Strikingly, the B lymphocyte phenotype differed based on sex, age and also the BM microenvironment in which the B cells develop. When BM cells from wildtype mice were transplanted into Cntf−/− mice, there were minimal effects on B lymphopoiesis or bone parameters. However, when Cntf−/− BM cells were transplanted into a wildtype BM microenvironment, there were changes in both haematopoiesis and bone parameters. Our data reveal that haematopoietic cell-derived CNTF has roles in regulating BM B cell lymphopoiesis and both trabecular and cortical bone, the latter in a sex-dependent manner.
Rapid diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children with pneumonia by an immuno-chromatographic antigen assay
Authors: Li Wei , Liu Yujie , Zhao Yun , Tao Ran , Li Yonggang , Shang Shiqiang 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMycoplasma pneumoniae is a particularly important pathogen that causes community acquired pneumonia in children. In this study, a rapid test was developed to diagnose M. pneumoniae by using a colloidal gold-based immuno-chromatographic assay which targets a region of the P1 gene. 302 specimens were analyzed by the colloidal gold assay in parallel with real-time PCR. Interestingly, the colloidal gold assay allowed M. pneumoniae identification, with a detection limit of 1 × 103 copies/ml. 76 samples were found to be positive in both real-time PCR and the colloidal gold assay; two specimens positive in real-time PCR were negative in the rapid colloidal gold assay. The specificity and sensitivity of the colloidal gold assay were 100% and 97.4%, respectively. These findings indicate that the newly developed immuno-chromatographic antigen assay is a rapid, sensitive and specific method for identifying M. pneumoniae, with potential clinical application in the early diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.
A single design strategy for dual sensitive pH probe with a suitable range to map pH in living cells
Authors: Yu Kang-Kang , Hou Ji-Ting , Li Kun , Yao Qian , Yang Jin , Wu Ming-Yu , Xie Yong-Mei , Yu Xiao-Qi 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDue to the lack of a proper imaging approach, a veracious pH map of normal and abnormal cell is still rare. In this work, we presented a rhodamine-salicylaldehyde combination (Rh-SA2) as a novel pH probe, which has dual sensitive units for both acidic and basic environment. This dual sensitive probe acts like a chameleon in living cells and offers the doubling guarantees for endocellular pH mapping. Moreover, a quantitative measurement of cellular pH changes was allowed and the endocellular pH values under drug-associated stimuli were also investigated.
Zinc-induced oligomerization of zinc α2 glycoprotein reveals multiple fatty acid-binding sites
Authors: Zahid Henna , Miah Layeque , Lau Andy M. , Brochard Lea , Hati Debolina , Bui Tam T.T. , Drake Alex F. , Gor Jayesh , Perkins Stephen J. , McDermott Lindsay C. 
Published: October 2015

Zinc α2 glycoprotein (ZAG) is an adipokine with a class I MHC protein fold and is associated with obesity and diabetes. Although its intrinsic ligand remains unknown, ZAG binds the dansylated C11 fatty acid 11-(dansylamino)undecanoic acid (DAUDA) in the groove between the α1 and α2 domains. The surface of ZAG has approximately 15 weak zinc-binding sites deemed responsible for precipitation from human plasma. In the present study the functional significance of these metal sites was investigated. Analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) and CD showed that zinc, but not other divalent metals, causes ZAG to oligomerize in solution. Thus ZAG dimers and trimers were observed in the presence of 1 and 2 mM zinc. Molecular modelling of X-ray scattering curves and sedimentation coefficients indicated a progressive stacking of ZAG monomers, suggesting that the ZAG groove may be occluded in these. Using fluorescence-detected sedimentation velocity, these ZAG–zinc oligomers were again observed in the presence of the fluorescent boron dipyrromethene fatty acid C16-BODIPY (4,4-difluoro-5,7-dimethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-3-hexadecanoic acid). Fluorescence spectroscopy confirmed that ZAG binds C16-BODIPY. ZAG binding to C16-BODIPY, but not to DAUDA, was reduced by increased zinc concentrations. We conclude that the lipid-binding groove in ZAG contains at least two distinct fatty acid-binding sites for DAUDA and C16-BODIPY, similar to the multiple lipid binding seen in the structurally related immune protein CD1c. In addition, because high concentrations of zinc occur in the pancreas, the perturbation of these multiple lipid-binding sites by zinc may be significant in Type 2 diabetes where dysregulation of ZAG and zinc homoeostasis occurs.
The Development of English as a Second Language With and Without Specific Language Impairment: Clinical Implications
Authors: Paradis Johanne 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
The purpose of this research forum article is to provide an overview of typical and atypical development of English as a second language (L2) and to present strategies for clinical assessment with English language learners (ELLs).

Method
A review of studies examining the lexical, morphological, narrative, and verbal memory abilities of ELLs is organized around 3 topics: timeframe and characteristics of typical English L2 development, comparison of the English L2 development of children with and without specific language impairment (SLI), and strategies for more effective assessment with ELLs.

Results
ELLs take longer than 3 years to converge on monolingual norms and approach monolingual norms asynchronously across linguistic subdomains. Individual variation is predicted by age, first language, language learning aptitude, length of exposure to English in school, maternal education, and richness of the English environment outside school. ELLs with SLI acquire English more slowly than ELLs with typical development; their morphological and nonword repetition abilities differentiate them the most. Use of strategies such as parent questionnaires on first language development and ELL norm referencing can result in accurate discrimination of ELLs with SLI.

Conclusions
Variability in the language abilities of ELLs presents challenges for clinical practice. Increased knowledge of English language learning development with and without SLI together with evidence-based alternative assessment strategies can assist in overcoming these challenges.
Broadband and compact LTCC power divider
Authors: Zhou Bo 
Published: October 2015

A broadband and compact low‐temperature co‐fired ceramic Wilkinson power divider is proposed with a fractional bandwidth of 180% using stacked multi‐section structure. The size of the proposed multilayered power divider is only 4 mm × 4 mm × 1.33 mm with a significant size reduction of 84.6% compared with an equivalent planar one. Measured S11, S21, S22 and S23 of the proposed power divider are better than −15, −4.3, −16 and −17 dB from 2 to 38 GHz, respectively. Furthermore, performance comparison with an equivalent planar one is also discussed.
Knockout of Lmod2 results in shorter thin filaments followed by dilated cardiomyopathy and juvenile lethality
Authors: Pappas Christopher T. , Mayfield Rachel M. , Henderson Christine , Jamilpour Nima , Cover Cathleen , Hernandez Zachary , Hutchinson Kirk R. , Chu Miensheng , Nam Ki-Hwan , Valdez Jose M. , Wong Pak Kin , Granzier Henk L. , Gregorio Carol C. 
Published: October 2015

Significance
Modulation of actin filament architecture underlies a plethora of cellular processes including cell shape, division, adhesion, and motility. In heart muscle cells actin-containing thin filaments form highly organized structures with precisely regulated lengths. This precision is required for efficient interaction with myosin-containing filaments and provides the basis for contraction. The mechanism whereby heart muscle cells regulate thin filament assembly and its consequences for cardiac physiology are largely unknown. We discovered that Leiomodin 2 (Lmod2) elongates thin filaments to a proper length. Mice lacking Lmod2 have abnormally short thin filaments, experience severe contractile dysfunction and ventricular chamber enlargement consistent with dilated cardiomyopathy, and die at age ∼3 wk. Therefore, Lmod2 and proper thin filament lengths are essential for heart function.
From residue coevolution to protein conformational ensembles and functional dynamics
Authors: Sutto Ludovico , Marsili Simone , Valencia Alfonso , Gervasio Francesco Luigi 
Published: October 2015

Significance
Evolutionary-related protein sequences have been selected to preserve a common function and fold. Residues in contact in this conserved structure are coupled by evolution and show correlated mutational patterns. The exponential growth of sequenced genomes makes it possible to detect these coevolutionary coupled pairs and to infer three-dimensional folds from predicted contacts. But how far can we push the prediction of native folds? Can we predict the conformational heterogeneity of a protein directly from sequences? We address these questions developing an accurate contact prediction algorithm and a protein coarse-grained model, and exploring conformational landscapes congruent with coevolution. We find that both structural and dynamical properties can be already recovered using evolutionary information only.