bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonality of above-ground net primary productivity along an Andean altitudinal transect in Peru
Authors: Girardin C. A. J. , Malhi Y. , Feeley K. J. , Rapp J. M. , Silman M. R. , Meir P. , Huaraca Huasco W. , Salinas N. , Mamani M. , Silva-Espejo J. E. , García Cabrera K. , Farfan Rios W. , Metcalfe D. B. , Doughty C. E. , Aragão L. E. O. C. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract:Solar irradiance and precipitation are the most likely drivers of the seasonal variation of net primary productivity (NPP) in tropical forests. Since their roles remain poorly understood, we use litter traps, dendrometer bands and census data collected from one hectare permanent plots to quantify the seasonality of above-groundNPPcomponents and weather parameters in 13 sites distributed along a 2800-m altitudinal gradient ranging from lowland Amazonia to the high Andes. We combine canopy leaf area index and litterfall data to describe the seasonality of canopy production. We hypothesize that solar irradiance is the primary driver of canopy phenology in wetter sites, whereas precipitation drives phenology in drier systems. The seasonal rhythm of canopyNPPcomponents is in synchrony with solar irradiance at all altitudes. Leaf litterfall peaks in the late dry season, both in lowland (averaging 0.54 ± 0.08 Mg C ha y−1, n = 5) and montane forests (averaging 0.29 ± 0.04 Mg C ha y−1, n = 8). Peaks in above-ground coarse woodyNPPappears to be triggered by the onset of rainfall in seasonal lowland rain forests (averaging 0.26 ± 0.04 Mg C ha y−1, n = 5, in November), but not in montane cloud forests.
Tracking novel adenovirus in environmental and human clinical samples: no evidence of endemic human adenovirus type 58 circulation in Córdoba city, Argentina
Authors: FERREYRA L. J. , GIORDANO M. O. , MARTÍNEZ L. C. , BARRIL P. A. , MASACHESSI G. , ISA M. B. , POMA R. , RAJAL V. , BIGANZOLI P. , NATES S. V. , PAVAN J. V. 
Published: August 2014

SUMMARYIn recent years, several types of human adenovirus (HAdV) have arisen from the recombination between two or more previously known HAdV types, but their epidemiology is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the circulation of HAdV-58, a recently described HAdV isolated from an HIV-positive patient in Córdoba city, Argentina. For this purpose, a 30-month survey was conducted to study the presence of this type of adenovirus in sewage samples collected at the inlet from a wastewater treatment plant in Córdoba city, Argentina.Complementarily, the virus was sought in stools of HIV-positive patients.Although HAdVs were detected in human stool samples and in a high percentage of sewage samples, no evidence of HAdV-58 circulation was detected. We suggest that there is no endemic circulation of HAdV-58 in the geographical local area. The trend is that the number of identified HAdVs increases over time. In this context, understanding the current circulating HAdVs may be biologically relevant.
Spatial and temporal trends of bat-borne rabies in Chile
Authors: ESCOBAR L. E. , RESTIF O. , YUNG V. , FAVI M. , PONS D. J. , MEDINA-VOGEL G. 
Published: August 2014

SUMMARYIn Chile, while dog rabies has decreased markedly over the last 30 years, bat rabies is still reported frequently. In order to shed new light on the spatiotemporal trends of these reports, we analysed active and passive data from years 1985 and 2012, which included 61 076 samples from 289 counties of Chile. We found that from 1994 to 2012, more than 15 000 bat samples were submitted for diagnostics through passive surveillance, 9·5% of which tested positive for rabies. By contrast, the prevalence of infection was only ~0·4% among the nearly 12 000 bat samples submitted through active surveillance. We found that the prevalence of dog rabies dropped steadily over the same period, with just a single confirmed case since 1998. None of the 928 samples from wild animals, other than bats, were positive for rabies. Although there has been only one confirmed case of human rabies in Chile since 1985, and a single confirmed case in a dog since 1998, bats remain a reservoir for rabies viruses. While active surveillance indicates that rabies prevalence is low in bat colonies, the high proportion of positive bats submitted through passive surveillance is a concern. To prevent human rabies, local public health agencies should increase research on the basic ecology of bats and the role of stray dogs and cats as potential rabies amplifiers.
Collaborative quality improvement in the cardiac intensive care unit: development of the Paediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium (PC4)
Authors: Gaies Michael , Cooper David S. , Tabbutt Sarah , Schwartz Steven M. , Ghanayem Nancy , Chanani Nikhil K. , Costello John M. , Thiagarajan Ravi R. , Laussen Peter C. , Shekerdemian Lara S. , Donohue Janet E. , Willis Gina M. , Gaynor J. William , Jacobs Jeffrey P. , Ohye Richard G. , Charpie John R. , Pasquali Sara K. , Scheurer Mark A. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractDespite many advances in recent years for patients with critical paediatric and congenital cardiac disease, significant variation in outcomes remains across hospitals. Collaborative quality improvement has enhanced the quality and value of health care across specialties, partly by determining the reasons for variation and targeting strategies to reduce it. Developing an infrastructure for collaborative quality improvement in paediatric cardiac critical care holds promise for developing benchmarks of quality, to reduce preventable mortality and morbidity, optimise the long-term health of patients with critical congenital cardiovascular disease, and reduce unnecessary resource utilisation in the cardiac intensive care unit environment. The Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium (PC4) has been modelled after successful collaborative quality improvement initiatives, and is positioned to provide the data platform necessary to realise these objectives. We describe the development of PC4 including the philosophical, organisational, and infrastructural components that will facilitate collaborative quality improvement in paediatric cardiac critical care.
Relationship of birth weight with congenital cardiovascular malformations in a population-based study
Authors: Petrossian Robert A. , Kuehl Karen S. , Loffredo Christopher A. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIntroduction:A known comorbidity of congenital cardiovascular malformations is low birth weight, but the reasons for this association remain obscure. This retrospective study examines the relationship between congenital cardiovascular malformations and the birth weight of singletons, taking into account differences in gestational age and other factors.Methods:Using data from the retrospective, population-based Baltimore–Washington Infant Study, six types of congenital cardiovascular malformations were investigated in comparison with controls (n=3519) through linear regression: d-transposition of the great arteries (n=187), other conotruncal heart defects (n=361), endocardial cushion defects (n=281), left heart obstructive lesions (n=507), atrial septal defects (n=281), and membranous ventricular septal defects (n=622).Results:Infants with conotruncal heart defects (−218 g), endocardial cushion defects with Down syndrome (−265 g), endocardial cushion defects without Down syndrome (−194 g), left heart obstructive lesions (−143 g), atrial septal defects (−150 g), and membranous ventricular septal defects (−127 g) showed significant birth weight deficits, adjusting for gestational age, and other covariates. Infants with d-transposition of the great arteries (−67 g) did not show significant birth weight deficits compared with the control group.Discussion:The degree of birth weight decrement appears to be highly related to the specific type of congenital cardiovascular malformation. As a whole, these infants do not exhibit low birth weights solely because of being premature, and thus other mechanisms must underlie these associations.
The development of a composition database of gluten-free products
Authors: Mazzeo Teresa , Cauzzi Silvia , Brighenti Furio , Pellegrini Nicoletta 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a composition database of a number of foods representative of different categories of gluten-free products in the Italian diet.DesignThe database was built using the nutritional composition of the products, taking into consideration both the composition of the ingredients and the nutritional information reported on the product label.SettingThe nutrient composition of each ingredient was obtained from two Italian databases (European Institute of Oncology and the National Institute for Food and Nutrition).SubjectsThe study developed a food composition database including a total of sixty foods representative of different categories of gluten-free products sold on the Italian market. The composition of the products included in the database is given in terms of quantity of macro- and micronutrients per 100 g of product as sold, and includes the full range of nutrient data present in traditional databases of gluten-containing foods.ResultsAs expected, most of the products had a high content of carbohydrates and some of them can be labelled as a source of fibre (>3 g/100 g). Regarding micronutrients, among the products considered, breads, pizzas and snacks were especially very high in Na content (>400–500 mg/100 g).ConclusionsThis database provides an initial useful tool for future nutritional surveys on the dietary habits of coeliac people.
Sodium content and labelling of processed and ultra-processed food products marketed in Brazil
Authors: Martins Carla Adriano , de Sousa Anete Araújo , Veiros Marcela Boro , González-Chica David Alejandro , Proença Rossana Pacheco da Costa 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo analyse the Na content and labelling of processed and ultra-processed food products marketed in Brazil.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingA large supermarket in Florianopolis, southern Brazil.SubjectsIngredient lists and Na information on nutrition labels of all processed and ultra-processed pre-prepared meals and prepared ingredients, used in lunch or dinner, available for sale in the supermarket.ResultsThe study analysed 1416 products, distributed into seven groups and forty-one subgroups. Five products did not have Na information. Most products (58·8 %; 95 % CI 55·4, 62·2 %) had high Na content (>600 mg/100 g). In 78·0 % of the subgroups, variation in Na content was at least twofold between similar products with high and low Na levels, reaching 634-fold difference in the ‘garnishes and others’ subgroup. More than half of the products (52·0 %; 95 % CI 48·2, 55·6 %) had at least one Na-containing food additive. There was no relationship between the appearance of salt on the ingredients list (first to third position on the list) and a product’s Na content (high, medium or low; P=0·08).ConclusionsMost food products had high Na content, with great variation between similar products, which presents new evidence for reformulation opportunities. There were inconsistencies in Na labelling, such as lack of nutritional information and incomplete ingredient descriptions. The position of salt on the ingredients list did not facilitate the identification of high-Na foods. We therefore recommend a reduction in Na in these products and a review of Brazilian legislation.
Consumer detection and acceptability of reduced-sodium bread
Authors: La Croix Kimberly W , Fiala Steven C , Colonna Ann E , Durham Catherine A , Morrissey Michael T , Drum Danna K , Kohn Melvin A 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjectiveBread is the largest contributor of Na to the American diet and excess Na consumption contributes to premature death and disability. We sought to determine the Na level at which consumers could detect a difference between reduced-Na bread and bread with typical Na content, and to determine if consumer sensory acceptability and purchase intent differed between reduced-Na bread and bread with typical Na content.DesignDifference testing measured ability to detect differences in control bread and reduced-Na bread using two-alternative forced choice testing. Acceptability was measured using a nine-point hedonic scale and purchase intent was measured using a five-point purchase intent scale.SettingDifference and acceptability testing were conducted in Portland, OR, USA in January 2013.SubjectsEighty-two consumers participated in difference testing and 109 consumers participated in acceptability testing.ResultsConsumers did not detect a difference in saltiness between the control bread and the 10 % reduced-Na bread, but did detect a difference between the control bread and bread reduced in Na content by 20 % and 30 %. Na reductions had no effect on consumer acceptability of sensory characteristics, including overall liking, appearance, aroma, flavour, sweetness, salt level and texture, or purchase intent.ConclusionsReducing Na levels by up to 30 % in the sandwich bread tested did not affect consumer liking or purchase intent of the product. These results support national recommendations for small, incremental Na reductions in the food supply over time and assure bread manufacturers that sensory characteristics and consumer purchase intent of their products will be preserved after Na reductions occur.
Stellar statistics along the ecliptic and the impact on the K2 mission concept
Authors: Prša Andrej , Robin Annie , Barclay Thomas 
Published: August 2014

AbstractK2 is the mission concept for a repurposedKeplermission that uses two reaction wheels to maintain the satellite attitude and provide ~81 days of coverage for ten 105 deg2fields along the ecliptic in the first 2.5 years of operation. We examine stellar populations based on the updated Besançon model of the Galaxy, comment on the general properties for the entire ecliptic plane, and provide stellar occurrence rates in the first six tentative K2 campaigns grouped by spectral type and luminosity class. For each campaign we distinguish between main the sequence stars and giants, and provide their density profile as a function of galactic latitude. We introduce the crowding metric that serves for optimized target selection across the campaigns. For all main sequence stars we compute the expected planetary occurrence rates for three planet sizes: 2–4, 4–8 and 8–32 R⊕with orbital periods up to 50 days. In conjunction with Gaia and the upcoming Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and Plato missions, K2 will become a gold mine for stellar and planetary astrophysics.
Energy landscape and dynamics of brain activity during human bistable perception
Authors: Watanabe Takamitsu , Masuda Naoki , Megumi Fukuda , Kanai Ryota , Rees Geraint 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIndividual differences in the structure of parietal and prefrontal cortex predict the stability of bistable visual perception. However, the mechanisms linking such individual differences in brain structures to behaviour remain elusive. Here we demonstrate a systematic relationship between the dynamics of brain activity, cortical structure and behaviour underpinning bistable perception. Using fMRI in humans, we find that the activity dynamics during bistable perception are well described as fluctuating between three spatially distributed energy minimums: visual-area-dominant, frontal-area-dominant and intermediate states. Transitions between these energy minimums predicted behaviour, with participants whose brain activity tend to reflect the visual-area-dominant state exhibiting more stable perception and those whose activity transits to frontal-area-dominant states reporting more frequent perceptual switches. Critically, these brain activity dynamics are correlated with individual differences in grey matter volume of the corresponding brain areas. Thus, individual differences in the large-scale dynamics of brain activity link focal brain structure with bistable perception.
Visualizing domain wall and reverse domain superconductivity
Authors: Iavarone M. , Moore S. A. , Fedor J. , Ciocys S. T. , Karapetrov G. , Pearson J. , Novosad V. , Bader S. D. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn magnetically coupled, planar ferromagnet-superconductor (F/S) hybrid structures, magnetic domain walls can be used to spatially confine the superconductivity. In contrast to a superconductor in a uniform applied magnetic field, the nucleation of the superconducting order parameter in F/S structures is governed by the inhomogeneous magnetic field distribution. The interplay between the superconductivity localized at the domain walls and far from the walls leads to effects such as re-entrant superconductivity and reverse domain superconductivity with the critical temperature depending upon the location. Here we use scanning tunnelling spectroscopy to directly image the nucleation of superconductivity at the domain wall in F/S structures realized with Co-Pd multilayers and Pb thin films. Our results demonstrate that such F/S structures are attractive model systems that offer the possibility to control the strength and the location of the superconducting nucleus by applying an external magnetic field, potentially useful to guide vortices for computing application.
More bang for your buck: Super-adiabatic quantum engines
Authors: Campo A. del , Goold J. , Paternostro M. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe practical untenability of the quasi-static assumption makes any realistic engine intrinsically irreversible and its operating time finite, thus implying friction effects at short cycle times. An important technological goal is thus the design of maximally efficient engines working at the maximum possible power. We show that, by utilising shortcuts to adiabaticity in a quantum engine cycle, one can engineer a thermodynamic cycle working at finite power and zero friction. Our findings are illustrated using a harmonic oscillator undergoing a quantum Otto cycle.
Body height affects the strength of immune response in young men, but not young women
Authors: Krams Indrikis A. , Skrinda Ilona , Kecko Sanita , Moore Fhionna R. , Krama Tatjana , Kaasik Ants , Meija Laila , Lietuvietis Vilnis , Rantala Markus J. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBody height and other body attributes of humans may be associated with a diverse range of social outcomes such as attractiveness to potential mates. Despite evidence that each parameter plays a role in mate choice, we have little understanding of the relative role of each and relationships between indices of physical appearance and general health. In this study we tested relationships between immune function and body height of young men and women. In men, we report a non-linear relationship between antibody response to a hepatitis-B vaccine and body height, with a positive relationship up to a height of 185 cm, but an inverse relationship in taller men. We did not find any significant relationship between body height and immune function in women. Our results demonstrate the potential of vaccination research to reveal costly traits that govern evolution of mate choice in humans and the importance of trade-offs among these traits.
LoRDEC: accurate and efficient long read error correction
Authors: Salmela Leena , Rivals Eric 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Motivation: PacBio single molecule real-time sequencing is a third-generation sequencing technique producing long reads, with comparatively lower throughput and higher error rate. Errors include numerous indels and complicate downstream analysis like mapping or de novo assembly. A hybrid strategy that takes advantage of the high accuracy of second-generation short reads has been proposed for correcting long reads. Mapping of short reads on long reads provides sufficient coverage to eliminate up to 99% of errors, however, at the expense of prohibitive running times and considerable amounts of disk and memory space.
Results : We present LoRDEC, a hybrid error correction method that builds a succinct de Bruijn graph representing the short reads, and seeks a corrective sequence for each erroneous region in the long reads by traversing chosen paths in the graph. In comparison, LoRDEC is at least six times faster and requires at least 93% less memory or disk space than available tools, while achieving comparable accuracy.
Availability and implementaion : LoRDEC is written in C++, tested on Linux platforms and freely available at http://atgc.lirmm.fr/lordec .
Contact: lordec@lirmm.fr .
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Rational design and adaptive management of combination therapies for Hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Ke Ruian , Loverdo Claude , Qi Hangfei , Sun Ren , Lloyd-Smith James O. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractRecent discoveries of direct acting antivirals against Hepatitis C virus (HCV) have raised hopes of effective treatment via combination therapies. Yet rapid evolution and high diversity of HCV populations, combined with the reality of suboptimal treatment adherence, make drug resistance a clinical and public health concern. We develop a general model incorporating viral dynamics and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics to assess how suboptimal adherence affects resistance development and clinical outcomes. We derive design principles and adaptive treatment strategies, identifying a high-risk period when missing doses is particularly risky forde novoresistance, and quantifying the number of additional doses needed to compensate when doses are missed. Using data from large-scale resistance assays, we demonstrate that the risk of resistance can be reduced substantially by applying these principles to a combination therapy of daclatasvir and asunaprevir. By providing a mechanistic framework to link patient characteristics to the risk of resistance, these findings show the potential of rational treatment design.
Genomic and transcriptomic insights into the regulation of snake venom production
Authors: Hargreaves Adam D. , Swain Martin T. , Hegarty Matthew J. , Logan Darren W. , Mulley John F. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThe gene regulatory mechanisms underlying the rapid replenishment of snake venom following expenditure are currently unknown. Using a comparative transcriptomic approach we find that venomous and non-venomous species produce similar numbers of secreted products in their venom or salivary glands and that only one transcription factor (Tbx3) is expressed in venom glands but not salivary glands. We also find evidence for temporal variation in venom production. We have generated a draft genome sequence for the painted saw-scaled viper,Echis coloratus, and identified conserved transcription factor binding sites in the upstream regions of venom genes. We find binding sites to be conserved across members of the same gene family, but not between gene families, indicating that multiple gene regulatory networks are involved in venom production. Finally, we suggest that negative regulation may be important for rapid activation of the venom replenishment cycle.