bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A monolithically integrated polarization entangled photon pair source on a silicon chip
Authors: Matsuda Nobuyuki , Le Jeannic Hanna , Fukuda Hiroshi , Tsuchizawa Tai , Munro William John , Shimizu Kaoru , Yamada Koji , Tokura Yasuhiro , Takesue Hiroki 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIntegrated photonic circuits are one of the most promising platforms for large-scale photonic quantum information systems due to their small physical size and stable interferometers with near-perfect lateral-mode overlaps. Since many quantum information protocols are based on qubits defined by the polarization of photons, we must develop integrated building blocks to generate, manipulate and measure the polarization-encoded quantum state on a chip. The generation unit is particularly important. Here we show the first integrated polarization-entangled photon pair source on a chip. We have implemented the source as a simple and stable silicon-on-insulator photonic circuit that generates an entangled state with 91 ± 2% fidelity. The source is equipped with versatile interfaces for silica-on-silicon or other types of waveguide platforms that accommodate the polarization manipulation and projection devices as well as pump light sources. Therefore, we are ready for the full-scale implementation of photonic quantum information systems on a chip.
The folded and disordered domains of human ribosomal protein SA have both idiosyncratic and shared functions as membrane receptors
Authors: Zidane Nora , Ould-Abeih Mohamed B. , Petit-Topin Isabelle , Bedouelle Hugues 
Published: November 2012

The human RPSA [ribosomal protein SA; also known as LamR1(laminin receptor 1)] belongs to the ribosome but is also a membrane receptor for laminin, growth factors, prion, pathogens and the anticarcinogen EGCG (epigallocatechin-gallate). It contributes to the crossing of the blood–brain barrier by neurotropic viruses and bacteria, and is a biomarker of metastasis. RPSA includes an N-terminal domain, which is folded and homologous to the prokaryotic RPS2, and a C-terminal extension, which is intrinsically disordered and conserved in vertebrates. We used recombinant derivatives of RPSA and its N- and C-domains to quantify its interactions with ligands by in-vitro immunochemical and spectrofluorimetric methods. Both N- and C-domains bound laminin with KD (dissociation constants) of 300 nM. Heparin bound only to the N-domain and competed for binding to laminin with the negatively charged C-domain, which therefore mimicked heparin. EGCG bound only to the N-domain with a KD of 100 nM. Domain 3 of the envelope protein from yellow fever virus and serotypes-1 and -2 of dengue virus bound preferentially to the C-domain whereas that from West Nile virus bound only to the N-domain. Our quantitative in-vitro approach should help clarify the mechanisms of action of RPSA, and ultimately fight against cancer and infectious agents.
Innovative Technology for the Assisted Delivery of Intensive Voice Treatment (LSVT®LOUD) for Parkinson Disease
Authors: Halpern Angela E. , Ramig Lorraine O. , Matos Carlos E. C. , Petska-Cable Jill A. , Spielman Jennifer L. , Pogoda Janice M. , Gilley Phillip M. , Sapir Shimon , Bennett John K. , McFarland David H. 
Published: November 2012

PurposeTo assess the feasibility and effectiveness of a newly developed assistive technology system, Lee Silverman Voice Treatment Companion (LSVT®Companion™, hereafter referred to as “Companion”), to support the delivery of LSVT®LOUD, an efficacious speech intervention for individuals with Parkinson disease (PD).MethodSixteen individuals with PD were randomized to an immediate (n= 8) or a delayed (n= 8) treatment group. They participated in 9 LSVT LOUD sessions and 7 Companion sessions, independently administered at home. Acoustic, listener perception, and voice and speech rating data were obtained immediately before (pre), immediately after (post), and at 6 months post treatment (follow-up). System usability ratings were collected immediately post treatment. Changes in vocal sound pressure level were compared to data from a historical treatment group of individuals with PD treated with standard, in-person LSVT LOUD.ResultsAll 16 participants were able to independently use the Companion. These individuals had therapeutic gains in sound pressure level, pre to post and pre to follow-up, similar to those of the historical treatment group.ConclusionsThis study supports the use of the Companion as an aid in treatment of hypokinetic dysarthria in individuals with PD. Advantages and disadvantages of the Companion, as well as limitations of the present study and directions for future studies, are discussed.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14963514
Impact of Tobacco Thrips on Cowpea
Authors: McLeod Paul , Rashid Tahir 
Published: November 2012

In the southern US, seedling cowpeas are severely injured by the tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca (Hinds). This feeding results in discoloration and distortion of the leaf tissue. Although damage from thrips feeding on foliage is common and appears substantial, recent studies have demonstrated little impact on cowpea yield. Caging up to ten F. fusca per cowpea seedling failed to significantly reduce number of pods, seed number, or seed weight when compared to cowpea seedlings caged with no thrips. Also, no significant differences in the days to initial flowering were detected among the treatments, i.e., 0, 1, 2, 5, or 10 thrips per seedling. In field studies, the insecticide, bifenthrin, applied to cowpea seedlings effectively reduced the number of thrips and significantly reduced foliar damage when compared to non-treated seedlings. At harvest however, no significant differences were detected among the other variables tested, i.e., pods per plant, seed per plant, seed per pod, seed weight per plant, nor weight per seed. Thus, data indicate that the impact of F. fusca on cowpea produced in the US is likely less than previously thought and early season thrips management is of little value. Accepted for publication 10 September 2012. Published 19 October 2012.
Association of Spirea Stunt Phytoplasma with a Disease of Spiraea spp. in Minnesota
Authors: Lockhart Ben , Mollov Dimitre , Voth-Hulshout Jeltie 
Published: November 2012

Spireas (Spiraea spp.) are woody perennial ornamentals that are widely grown throughout Minnesota and in other states due to their cold hardiness and adaptability to a variety of low-maintenance landscape settings. Spirea stunt phytoplasma was first identified in S. tomentosa in central New York. This is the first report of its occurrence in non-native Spiraea spp. (S. japonica, S. × bumalda), and in Minnesota. Accepted for publication 3 October 2012. Published 24 October 2012.
Mixed Groundnut bud necrosis virus and Okra yellow vein mosaic virus Infection of Okra in India
Authors: Suresh Kunkalikar , Babasaheb Beradpatil , Meera Kurulekar , Prem Rajagopalan , Radhamani Anandalakshmi 
Published: November 2012

To our knowledge, this is the first report of Groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV, genus Tospovirus) infection in okra and also its mixed infection with Okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV, genus Geminivirus) in India. It appears that the GBNV is expanding its host range from Fabaceae and Solanaceae families to crops belonging to Malvaceae family. The potential impact of mixed infection of GBNV and OYVMV on economical yield in okra warrants continuous monitoring of the diseases in field. Accepted for publication 3 October 2012. Published 23 October 2012.
Identification of Anguina funesta from Annual Ryegrass Seed Lots in Oregon
Authors: Meng Shawn , Alderman Steve , Fraley Cindy , Ludy Robin , Sun Fengjie , Osterbauer Nancy 
Published: November 2012

In 2010, seed galls containing Anguina sp. were isolated from 14 annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) seed lots submitted for phytosanitary testing. To identify the species present, the ITS1 region of the ribosomal DNA of the nematodes from the seed lots was analyzed using a PCR-RFLP method. All nematodes produced a single 540-bp DNA amplicon, which was digested with three restriction enzymes, HaeIII, HinfI, and TaqI. The resulting RFLP patterns matched those of A. funesta. To confirm these results, 525 bp of the DNA amplicon was analyzed by DNA sequencing and BLAST analysis, which verified the sequence was identical to A. funesta (Genbank Accession nos. AF363095, AF363096, and AF363104). Because of the association of A. funesta with Rathayibacter toxicus, a second PCR test was conducted to determine if the bacterium was present in the seed lots. A 200-bp DNA amplicon was amplified from two seed galls, sequenced, and subjected to BLAST analysis. Analysis of the entire DNA sequence failed to identify the bacterium present, although testing by USDA-APHIS verified the bacterium was not R. toxicus. This is the first report of A. funesta in the US; R. toxicus was not found with this detection. Accepted for publication 14 September 2012. Published 24 October 2012.
Changes inKhasi pine (Pinus kesiyaRoyle exGordon) tree stands affected byDimorphicEgretEgretta dimorphacolony atMadagascar
Authors: Żółkoś Katarzyna , Meissner Włodzimierz , Olszewski Tomasz S. , Remisiewicz Magdalena 
Published: November 2012

AbstractEstablishing plantations of quick growing introduced trees, combined with effect of a bird colony, affect habitat conditions. This causes alterations in spatial structure of a phytocenosis, its species composition and size of plants in herb layer. In the studied Khasi pine (PinuskesiyaRoyle ex Gordon) stand in central Madagascar the shrub layer was found only under egrets' nests, while it did not occur outside the colony. We observed four times higher number of species, and much greater coverage of shrub and herb layers in the colony than outside, which reflects the increased soil trophy in the colony. One of the common species of herb layer was Commelinaafricana. Leaf blades of its exemplars growing under the egret nests were on average larger, which provided greater surface of the assimilative apparatus, than of those growing outside the colony. All differences between the in the studied tree stands seem to reflect soil enrichment in nutrients caused by the excretions from egrets. Such changes in phytocoenoses caused by effect of bird colonies have been studied so far only in cold and temperate climates. Our results confirm a similar effect of birds' breeding on a plant community in a tropical climate.
Triclosan exposure and allergic sensitization in Norwegian children
Authors: Bertelsen R. J. , Longnecker M. P. , Løvik M. , Calafat A. M. , Carlsen K‐H. , London S. J. , Lødrup Carlsen K. C. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackgroundExposure to the synthetic antimicrobial chemical, triclosan, used in personal care products, has been hypothesized to lead to allergic disease. We investigated whether triclosan exposure was associated with allergic sensitization and symptoms in 10‐year‐old Norwegian children.MethodsUrinary concentrations of triclosan were measured in one first morning void from 623 children, collected during 2001–2004. Logistic regression models, controlling for urine specific gravity, parental allergic disease, maternal education, and household income, were fitted for allergic sensitization (either skin prick test positivity or serum‐specific IgE ≥ 0.35 kU/l to at least one of 15 evaluated inhalant and food allergens), current rhinitis, and current asthma (questionnaire and exercise challenge test).ResultsThe adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for allergic sensitization among those in the fourth quartile of triclosan concentration was 2.0 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1, 3.4] compared with the reference group (<the limit of detection), and the aOR per log10 unit increase in triclosan was 1.2 (95% CI: 1.0, 1.4). The aOR for current rhinitis was 1.9 (95% CI: 1.1, 3.4) for the fourth quartile and 1.2 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.4) per log10 unit increase in triclosan.ConclusionTriclosan concentrations were associated with allergic sensitization, especially inhalant and seasonal allergens, rather than food allergens. Current rhinitis was associated with the highest levels of triclosan, whereas no association was seen for current asthma. These results are consistent with recent findings in other studies and provide additional evidence for an association between triclosan and allergy.
Psychosocial factors and chronic spontaneous urticaria: a systematic review
Authors: Ben‐Shoshan M. , Blinderman I. , Raz A. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackgroundChronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is one of the most costly allergic conditions challenging physicians as well as patients and their families. Despite evident lacunae in the understanding of the pathogenesis, at least some findings suggest that psychosocial factors likely contribute to the development and exacerbation of CSU. We aim to assess the contribution of psychological factors to CSU.MethodsSystematic search of PubMed and OVID/Medline databases was conducted from 1 January 1935 to 1 January 2012. Studies selected include original research in English, Spanish and French exploring the association between CSU and psychosocial factors. Two investigators independently reviewed all titles and abstracts to identify potentially relevant articles and resolved discrepancies by repeated review and discussion and arbitration of a third reviewer. Quality of systematic reviews and meta‐analyses was assessed using a measure based on the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale and psychological conditions of CSU patients.ResultsWe identified 114 eligible studies spanning 77 years and featuring 17 reviews, 67 studies related to neither CSU nor psychosocial factors, and eight studies that provided either no prevalence estimates or insufficient sample size. Pooling effect sizes using random effects, analyses revealed that, despite large heterogeneity (I2 of 97.60%), psychosocial factors had a prevalence of 46.09% (95% confidence interval, 44.01%, 48.08%).ConclusionFuture research needs to better establish the contribution of psychosocial factors to the pathogenesis and exacerbation of CSU, and explore the possible benefit of behavioural interventions to the development of new management strategies.
Effects of growth hormone withdrawal in obese premenopausal women
Authors: Lin E. , Bredella M. A. , Gerweck A. V. , Landa M. , Schoenfeld D. , Utz A. L. , Miller K. K. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveWe previously reported improved body composition and cardiovascular risk markers plus a small decrease in glucose tolerance with GH administration vs placebo for 6 months to abdominally obese premenopausal women. The objective of this study was to determine whether the effects of GH treatment on cardiovascular risk markers, body composition and glucose tolerance in obese women persist 6 months after GH withdrawal.Design and patientsFifty abdominally obese premenopausal women completed a trial of rhGH vs placebo for 6 months; thirty‐nine women completed a subsequent 6‐month withdrawal observation period.MeasurementsIGF‐I, body composition by CT, 1H‐MRS and DXA, serum cardiovascular risk markers, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).ResultsIGF‐I standard deviation scores (SDS) within the GH group were −1·7 ± 0·1 (pretreatment),−0·1 ± 0·3 (after 6 months of GH) and −1·7 ± 0·1 (6 months post‐GH withdrawal). Six months after GH withdrawal, total abdominal and subcutaneous adipose tissue, total fat, trunk fat, trunk/extremity fat, hsCRP, apoB, LDL, and tPA were higher than at the 6‐month (GH discontinuation) timepoint (P ≤ 0·05). All body composition and cardiovascular risk markers that had improved with GH returned to baseline levels by 6 months after GH discontinuation, as did fasting and 2‐h OGTT glucose levels.ConclusionThe effects of GH administration to abdominally obese premenopausal women have a short time‐course. The beneficial effects on body composition and cardiovascular risk markers, and the side effect of altered glucose tolerance returned to pretreatment levels after GH withdrawal. There was no suppression of endogenous IGF‐I levels, which returned to baseline after GH withdrawal.
Risk prediction in stable angina pectoris
Authors: Kahan Thomas , Forslund Lennart , Held Claes , Björkander Inge , Billing Ewa , Eriksson Sven V. , Näsman Per , Rehnqvist Nina , Hjemdahl Paul 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackgroundAlthough stable angina pectoris often carries a favourable prognosis, it remains important to identify patients with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) complications. Many new markers of disease activity and prognosis have been described. We evaluated whether common and easily accessible markers in everyday care provide sufficient prognostic information.Materials and methodsThe Angina Pectoris Prognosis Study in Stockholm treated 809 patients (248 women) with stable angina pectoris with metoprolol or verapamil double blind during a median follow‐up of 3·4 years, with a registry‐based extended follow‐up after 9·1 years. Clinical and mechanistic variables, including lipids and glucose, renal function, ambulatory and exercise‐induced ischaemia, heart rate variability, cardiac and vascular ultrasonography, and psychosocial variables were included in an integrated analysis. Main outcome measures were nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) and CV death combined.ResultsIn all, 139 patients (18 women) suffered a main outcome. Independent predictive variables were (odds ratio [95% confidence intervals]), age (1·04 per year [1·00;1·08], P = 0·041), female sex (0·33 [0·16;0·69], P = 0·001), fasting blood glucose (1.29 per mM [1.14; 1.46], P < 0·001), serum creatinine (1·02 per μM [1·00;1·03], P < 0·001) and leucocyte counts (1·21 per 106 cells/L [1·06;1·40], P = 0·008). Smoking habits, lipids and hypertension or a previous MI provided limited additional information. Impaired fasting glucose was as predictive as manifest diabetes and interacted adversely with serum creatinine. Sexual problems were predictive among men.ConclusionsEasily accessible clinical and demographic variables provide a good risk prediction in stable angina pectoris. Impaired glucose tolerance and an elevated serum creatinine are particularly important.
Consistent shifts in spring vegetation green‐up date across temperate biomes in China, 1982–2006
Authors: Wu Xiuchen , Liu Hongyan 
Published: November 2012

AbstractUnderstanding spring phenology changes in response to the rapid climate change at biome‐level is crucial for projecting regional ecosystem carbon exchange and climate–biosphere interactions. In this study, we assessed the long‐term changes and responses to changing climate of the spring phenology in six temperate biomes of China by analyzing the global inventory monitoring and modeling studies (GIMMS) NOAA/AVHRR Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and concurrent mean temperature and precipitation data for 1982–2006. Results show that the spring phenology trends in the six temperate biomes are not continuous throughout the 25 year period. The spring phenology in most areas of the six biomes showed obvious advancing trends (ranging from −0.09 to −0.65 day/yr) during the 1980s and early 1990s, but has subsequently suffered consistently delaying trends (ranging from 0.22 to 1.22 day/yr). Changes in spring (February–April) temperature are the dominating factor governing the pattern of spring vegetation phenology in the temperate biomes of China. The recently delayed spring phenology in these temperate biomes has been mainly triggered by the stalling or reversal of the warming trend in spring temperatures. Results in this study also reveal that precipitation during November–January can explain 16.1% (P < 0.05), 20.9% (P < 0.05) and 14.2% (P < 0.05) of the variations in temperate deciduous forest (TDF), temperate steppe (TS), temperate desert (TD) respectively, highlighting the important role of winter precipitation in regulating changes in the spring vegetation phenology of water–limited biomes.
Factors affecting irrigant extrusion during root canal irrigation: a systematic review
Authors: Boutsioukis C. , Psimma Z. , van der Sluis L. W. M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic review and critical analysis of published data on irrigant extrusion to identify factors causing, affecting or predisposing to irrigant extrusion during root canal irrigation of human mature permanent teeth. An electronic search was conducted in Cochrane Library, LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus and Web of Knowledge using a combination of the terms ‘irrigant’, ‘rinse’, ‘extrusion’, ‘injection’, ‘complication’, ‘accident’, ‘iatrogenic’, ‘root canal’, ‘tooth’ and ‘endodontic’. Additional studies were identified by hand‐searching of six endodontic journals and the relevant chapters of four endodontic textbooks, resulting in a total of 460 titles. No language restriction was imposed. After applying screening and strict eligibility criteria by two independent reviewers, 40 case reports and 10 ex vivo studies were included in the review. A lack of clinical studies focusing on irrigant extrusion during root canal irrigation was evident. The reviewed case reports focused mainly on the clinical manifestations and management of the accidents and did not provide adequate details on the possible factors that may influence irrigant extrusion. The data from the included ex vivo studies were inconclusive due to major methodological limitations, such as not simulating the presence of periapical tissues and not assessing the validity of irrigant detection methods. The extensive variability in the protocols employed hindered quantitative synthesis. The choice of factors investigated in ex vivo studies seems not to have been driven by the available clinical evidence. These issues need to be addressed in future studies.
Outbreaks of influenza‐like illness in long‐term care facilities in Winnipeg, Canada
Authors: Mahmud Salaheddin M. , Thompson Laura H. , Nowicki Deborah L. , Plourde Pierre J. 
Published: November 2012

Please cite this paper as: Mahmud et al. (2012) Outbreaks of influenza‐like illness in long‐term care facilities in Winnipeg, Canada. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 10.1111/irv.12052Background  Outbreaks of influenza‐like illness (ILI) are common in long‐term care facilities (LTCFs) and result in significant morbidity and mortality among residents.Objectives  We describe patterns of reported ILI outbreaks in LTCFs in Winnipeg, Canada, and examine LTCF and outbreak characteristics that influence the clinical outcomes of these outbreaks.Methods  We analyzed the electronic records of all ILI outbreaks reported by LTCFs in Winnipeg from 2003 to 2011. Outbreak duration, ILI attack rates among staff and residents, and residents’ death rates were calculated by presumed viral etiology, staff vaccination rates, type of influenza chemoprophylaxis used, and time to notification to public health.Results  Of a total of 154 reported outbreaks, most (N = 80) were attributed to influenza, and these outbreaks tended to have higher attack and death rates among LTCF residents compared with outbreaks caused by other respiratory viruses (12) or those of unknown etiology (62). About 92% of residents and 38% of staff of the average LTCFs were vaccinated. Chemoprophylaxis was used in 57·5% of influenza outbreaks. Regardless of presumed viral etiology, outbreaks reported within 3 days of onset ended sooner and had lower attack and mortality rates among residents.Conclusions  Influenza‐like illness outbreaks still occur among highly immunized LTCF residents, so in addition to vaccination of staff and residents, it is important to maintain competent infection control practices. Early identification and notification to public health authorities and possibly early initiation of control measures could improve clinical outcomes of ILI outbreaks.