bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of 2, 4-D Sodium Salt 80% WP on Weeds, Productivity and Economics of rabi Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Kumar Shivam , Sanodiya Pratik 
Published: June 2024

Rabi maize is affected by three types of weed species mainly broad-leaf weeds in eastern pockets of Uttar Pradesh and causes grain and stover yields loss in higher amount. Therefore present study was carried out to find the most effective dose of 2, 4-D Sodium salt 80% WP on killing of braod-leaf weeds. A field investigation was conducted during Rabi season of (2021) at Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, to study the efficacy of 2, 4-D Sodium salt 80% WP on weeds, productivity and economics of rabi maize (Zea mays L.). 2, 4-D Sodium salt 80% WP 1250 g/ha at 25 DAS recorded lesser weed density and weed dry weight of Physalis minima, Chenopodium album, Parthenium hysterophorus and Cichorium intybus at 45 DAS as compared to other doses of 2, 4-D. Number of cobs, number of grains, number of grains/ row, seed index in comparison were superior in 2, 4-D Sodium salt 80% WP 1250 g/ha at 25 DAS with improved grain and stover yields and higher monetary returns during the study.
APPLICATION OF LEARNING MODEL TEAM GAMES TOURNAMENT (TGT) WITH READ OR PUNISHMENT CARD GAME ON THE MASTERY OF HIRAGANA LETTERS
Authors: Wahyuni Ade , Wahyuni Ade 
Published: June 2024

Mastering Hiragana letters is very necessary in learning Japanese. The large number of letters makes it difficult for students to learn and sometimes students also feel bored to write them down in books. Therefore, an innovative learning model is needed in mastering Hiragana letters. The purpose of this study is to describe the application of Team Games Tournament (TGT) learning model with read or punishment card game on Hiragana mastery and to find out students' response to the application of Team Games Tournament (TGT) learning model with read or punishment card game on Hiragana mastery. This research uses qualitative research using a descriptive analysis approach. The source of data is class X SMA N 10 Padang students totaling 35 students. The instruments used were posttest questions, non-tests including observation sheets and student response questionnaires. The results of this study showed that most students responded positively as seen from the students' scores which had increased. This is evidenced by the results of the total percentage of the overall postest answer value and student questionnaires in the good and very good categories. Thus, it can be concluded that the application and student response to Thus, it can be concluded that the application and student response to the Team Games Tournament (TGT) learning model with read or punishment card games on the mastery of hiragana letters can be used as an alternative to learning the mastery of hiragana letters.
Keywords: Cooperative team games tournament, read or punishment card game, Hiragana
letters
MEIOFAUNAL BIOTURBATION OF LATE PLEISTOCENE–HOLOCENE GLACIOMARINE MUD IN THE CHAMPLAIN SEA BASIN, EASTERN CANADA: ORIGIN OF BURROWS, THEIR GEOCHEMICAL IMPLICATIONS, AND PALEOENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS
Authors: AL-MUFTI OMAR N. , ARNOTT R. WILLIAM C. , HINTON MARC J. , ALPAY SAM , RUSSELL HAZEN A.J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Meiofaunal traces in cored Pleistocene to Holocene silt-clay glaciogenic rhythmites consist of four types: clay-rich fill (type A) representing feeding structures, and a silt-rich fill with a clay-rich lining (type B) representing dwelling structures. A third burrow type (type C) is filled with framboidal pyrite suggestive of microbially mediated early diagenesis under anoxic and circumneutral pH conditions. A variant of type C is filled with framboidal pyrite overgrown by poorly crystalline pyrite indicating at least two stages of iron sulphide growth within earlier formed burrows. Higher in the cored succession a bed thickness increase to about ∼ 14 cm is marked by an absence of meiofaunal traces. Since each bed represents deposition during a single year, it suggests that sustained sedimentation rates of ∼ 14 cm yr−1 represents a threshold for endobenthic activity. A fourth burrow type (type D) is filled mostly with clay and a lining with a distinctive parallel-aligned fabric of clay and dispersed silt grains, which occurs in slump blocks resedimented downslope from a shallower water setting. The absence of type A, B, or C burrows in these silt-rich slump blocks suggests that prior to slope failure, the silt-rich sediment substrate, and likely brackish pore fluid conditions, were not conducive to these tracemakers and/or trace-making behaviors. These differences illustrate the first-order control of physico-chemical factors, specifically, sedimentation rate, salinity, and substrate composition on the behavior of burrowing meiofauna in a glaciomarine basin plus the significance of meiobenthic activity on controlling early, shallow burial diagenesis.
DEAD CLADE WALKING: THE PERSISTENCE OF ARCHAEOCYATHUS IN THE AFTERMATH OF EARLY CAMBRIAN REEF EXTINCTION IN THE WESTERN UNITED STATES
Authors: PRUSS SARA B. , KARBOWSKI GRACE , ZHURAVLEV ANDREY YU , WEBSTER MARK , SMITH EMILY F. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Archaeocyaths, the first metazoan reef builders of the Phanerozoic, faced their ultimate demise during early Cambrian Age 4 but the exact timing of their local extinctions varied globally. In this study, we report archaeocyaths in strata that overlie the last robust archaeocyathan reefs of the western United States (Laurentian Cordillera). These are found in small microbial mounds in the upper unit of the Mule Spring Limestone near Split Mountain, Clayton Ridge, Nevada, as well as in storm beds in the Thimble Limestone Member of the Carrara Formation in Echo Canyon of the Funeral Mountains, Death Valley, California. Thin-section analysis revealed the presence of modular archaeocyaths, with Archaeocyathus being the only genus present. The small microbial mounds of the lowermost upper unit of the Mule Spring Limestone preserve frame-building Archaeocyathus in situ, a few meters above the well-known Bristolia beds of the Mule Spring Limestone. As some of the youngest known archaeocyaths of the western US, these occurrences represent the last gasp of archaeocyaths in the early Cambrian of Laurentia and one of the latest occurrences globally of archaeocyaths. We thus interpret Archaeocyathus in these units as an example of a dead clade walking—some of the last true archaeocyaths that locally persisted into the later Age 4 Cambrian following the disappearance of diverse archaeocyath reefs in western Laurentia. These last archaeocyath communities exhibited low diversity and disparity before the total extirpation of this reef-building hypercalcified sponge and their ecosystem.
Oxygen uptake efficiency plateau is unaffected by fitness level - the NOODLE Study
Authors: Kasiak Przemysław , Kowalski Tomasz , Rębiś Kinga , Klusiewicz Andrzej , Sadowska Dorota , Wilk Adrian , Wiecha Szczepan , Barylski Marcin , Poliwczak Adam Rafał , Wierzbiński Piotr , Mamcarz Artur , Śliż Daniel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Endurance athletes (EA) are an emerging population of focus for cardiovascular health. The oxygen uptake efficiency plateau (OUEP) is the levelling-off period of ratio between oxygen uptake (VO2) and ventilation (VE). In the cohort of EA, we externally validated prediction models for OUEP and derived with internal validation a new equation.
Methods
140 EA underwent a medical assessment and maximal cycling cardiopulmonary exercise test. Participants were 55% male (N = 77, age = 21.4 ± 4.8 years, BMI = 22.6 ± 1.7 kg·m− 2, peak VO2 = 4.40 ± 0.64 L·min− 1) and 45% female (N = 63, age = 23.4 ± 4.3 years, BMI = 22.1 ± 1.6 kg·m− 2, peak VO2 = 3.21 ± 0.48 L·min− 1). OUEP was defined as the highest 90-second continuous value of the ratio between VO2 and VE. We used the multivariable stepwise linear regression to develop a new prediction equation for OUEP.
Results
OUEP was 44.2 ± 4.2 mL·L− 1 and 41.0 ± 4.8 mL·L− 1 for males and females, respectively. In external validation, OUEP was comparable to directly measured and did not differ significantly. The prediction error for males was − 0.42 mL·L− 1 (0.94%, p = 0.39), and for females was + 0.33 mL·L− 1 (0.81%, p = 0.59). The developed new prediction equation was: 61.37–0.12·height (in cm) + 5.08 (for males). The developed model outperformed the previous. However, the equation explained up to 12.9% of the variance (R = 0.377, R2 = 0.129, RMSE = 4.39 mL·L− 1).
Conclusion
OUEP is a stable and transferable cardiorespiratory index. OUEP is minimally affected by fitness level and demographic factors. The predicted OUEP provided promising but limited accuracy among EA. The derived new model is tailored for EA. OUEP could be used to stratify the cardiorespiratory response to exercise and guide training.
Scion, rootstock and their interaction affect the photosynthesis of citrus
Authors: Zhu Shiping , Liu Mengyu , Luo Guotao , Hu Zhou , Zhang Xiaonan , Xiang Jinsong , Yang Rong , Hu Shixue , Cai Xiaodong , Yu Xin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Photosynthesis is an essential biological process of the plant. The performance of photosynthesis could remarkably affect the final yield and quality of the fruit. However, the effect of the scion, rootstock and their interaction in the scion-rootstock combinations on photosynthesis of the tree was not clear. In this research, the performance of photosynthesis was analyzed with 21 citrus scion-rootstock combinations derived from three navel oranges (Citrus sinensis cv. ‘Banfield’, ‘Chislett’ and ‘Powell’) grafted on seven rootstocks (Swingle citrumelo (C. paradisi × Poncirus trifoliata), Carrizo citrange (C. sinensis × P. trifoliata), X639 (C. reticulata × P. trifoliata), MXT (C. sinensis × P. trifoliata), Hongju (C. reticulata), Ziyang xiangcheng (C. junos) and Trifoliate orange (P. trifoliata), respectively. Results indicated that photosynthesis was significantly affected by either scion, rootstock or the interaction of scion-rootstock, and rootstock had more effect in the scion-rootstock combinations, but the effects among the rootstocks were variable. The combinations of Swingle demonstrated higher values of photosynthesis indexes. Two of three scions grafted on Swingle had significantly higher net CO2 assimilation rate (ACO2). All three scions grafted on Swingle showed the highest electron transport rate (ETR) and quantum yield of PSII (Yield II). Photosynthetic pigments (Chla, Chlb, Car and Chlt) of the three scions were highest on Ziyang xiangcheng. Banfield/Trifoliate, Powell/Trifoliate and Chislett/Ziyang had the highest Rubisco activities. The scion-rootstock interaction made the light quanta enter into other reactions during the processes of photosynthesis. Electron transport rate (ETR) is probably the predominant factor determining the photosynthesis of plant.
Chronic postsurgical pain after laparoscopic surgery: a systematic review
Authors: Helden Esmee van , GTJA Reijnders-Boerboom , KI Albers-Warlé , Langenhuijsen Hans , d'Ancona Frank , Keijzer Christiaan , Warlé Michiel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is a common complication after many types of open surgical procedures. CPSP continues to be a major health-care problem, resulting in impaired physical function and quality of life. It is compelling to believe that the prevalences of CPSP after minimally invasive, laparoscopic approaches are lower as compared to open surgeries. Nevertheless, data on CPSP after laparoscopic surgery is scarce.Methods We performed a systematic search of the PubMed, CENTRAL, and Embase databases. The prevalence of CPSP after laparoscopic surgery, the observed risk factors for CPSP, and patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were described for each study.Results We assessed 5 studies, presenting 1.374 patients, which investigated CPSP after 4 types of laparoscopic surgery including donor nephrectomy, adrenalectomy, colorectal surgery, and prostatectomy. We found overall prevalences of CPSP of 5.6–17%, with the highest prevalence in colorectal surgery. Two cross-sectional studies describe higher prevalences of CPSP 2 or 4 years after laparoscopic donor nephrectomy and adrenalectomy, respectively. In four studies, an association between the HRQoL of patients and the presence of CPSP after laparoscopic surgery was reported.Conclusions The results indicate that the prevalence of CPSP differs between various types of laparoscopic abdominal surgery with prevalences of 5.6–17%, which is substantial. There is a possible association between the presence of CPSP and impaired HRQoL scores. This underlines the need for further research pursuing interventions which reduce the incidence of CPSP after laparoscopic surgery.Trial registration retrospectively registered in PROSPERO, registration no. 498343.
Daily consumption of ultra-high hydrostatic pressurized brown rice improves cognitive, mental, and bone health in the elderly: A 12-month, single blind, parallel-group randomized trial
Authors: Matsuzaki Kentaro , Yano Shozo , Kuroda Yoko , Tanabe Yoko , Nakahata Hiroko , Matsuda Tatsushi , Kinoshita Hitoshi , Yoshino Katsumi , Shido Osamu , Kishi Hiroko , Hashimoto Michio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Age-related cognitive and psychiatric impairments are related to bone fragility. We reported that ultra-high hydrostatic pressurized brown rice (UBR) consumption helps maintain cognitive function and bone mineral density (BMD), but their association remains unexplored. This study evaluated the effects of UBR consumption for 12 months on cognitive and mental function and their association with BMD in the elderly.
Methods
Fortyfour participants (65–85 years) were randomly assigned to either the white rice (WR) (n = 22) or UBR (n = 22) group, and received 200 g of WR or 100 g of UBR and 100 g of WR daily for 12 months, respectively. At baseline and 12-month, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Cognitive Assessment for Dementia, iPad version (CADi) measured cognitive function. Apathy and depression were assessed using the Starkstein apathy scale and Zung’s self-rated depression scale (SDS), respectively. Calcaneal BMD was measured using an ultrasound bone densitometer and converted to percentage of the Young-Adult Mean (%YAM).
Results
Twenty participants in each of the WR and UBR group completed the 12-month trial with high adherence. Twelve-month of UBR intake significantly improved MMSE, CADi, Starkstein apathy scores, and %YAM in the elderly compared to WR intake. In addition, CADi, apathy, and SDS scores were significantly correlated with bone health index %YAM. No adverse events were attributed to the intervention.
Conclusion
These results suggest that daily UBR consumption may improve age-related cognitive and mental impairments, and retained BMD; potentially combating dementia and osteoporosis in the elderly.
Clinical trials registration:
This study was retrospectively registered in Februaly 9th 2024, at UMIN Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN000053587.
Bacterial composition changes in canine plaque over periodontal disease severity and daily care practices
Authors: WATANABE Ayano , OKADA Junichi , NIWA Ryo , INUI Yukiko , ITO Kohei , SHIMOKAWA Yutaka , KIHIRA Miho 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Periodontal disease (PD) is a common oral disease in dogs and humans. Dogs have distinctly different oral environments from humans. Although common bacteria are observed in both species, profiling of the causative bacteria for the progression of PD in dogs is limited compared to humans. Our study examined the shifts in the bacterial community within canine plaque as PD intensifies, analyzing plaque samples from 48 dogs at various PD stages. Additionally, we examined the impact of a tooth-brushing regimen using a dental gel on twelve dogs.
Results
We revealed a correlation between the age of the dogs and the severity of PD. As PD advanced, we noted a marked increase in Porphyromonas abundance, a key pathogenic genus. Conversely, Conchiformibius prevalence diminished in higher PD levels. Furthermore, a regimen of two week brushing with a dental gel resulted in a notable decrease in Porphyromonas levels and five of the twelve dogs improve severity.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest the potential efficacy of daily brushing with dental gels, incorporating compounds proven effective in humans, for managing PD in dogs. This study demonstrate a distinct disease progression in dogs compared to humans, underscoring the need for continued research and innovation in veterinary oral healthcare.
USP19 potentiates autophagic cell death via inhibiting mTOR pathway through deubiquitinating NEK9 in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Lu Zipeng , Wang Guangfu , Dai Shangnan , Chen Jin , Zhang Kai , Huang Chenyu , Zhang Jinfan , Gao Yong , Yin Lingdi , Jiang Kuirong , Miao Yi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) family is the largest and most diverse deubiquitinase (DUBs) family and plays a significant role in maintaining cell homeostasis. Dysregulation of USPs has been associated with carcinogenesis of various tumors. We identified that USP19 was downregulated in pancreatic tumor tissues and forced expression of USP19 diminished tumorigenicity of pancreatic cancer. Mechanistically, USP19 directly interacts with and stabilized NEK9 via inhibiting K48-specific poly-ubiquitination process on NEK9 protein at K525 site through its USP domain. Moreover, NEK9 phosphorylates the regulatory associated protein of mTOR (Raptor) at Ser792 and links USP19 to the inhibition of mTOR signaling pathway, which further leads to autophagic cell death of pancreatic cancer cells. Inhibition of autophagy by Atg5 knockdown or lysosome inhibitor bafilomycin A1 abolished the decreased malignant phenotype of USP19 and NEK9 overexpressed cancer cells. Importantly, USP19 expression exhibits a positive correlation with NEK9 expression in clinical samples, and low USP19 or NEK9 expression is associated with a worse prognosis. This study revealed that USP19-mediated NEK9 deubiquitylation is a regulatory mechanism for mTORC1 inhibition and provides a therapeutic target for diseases involving mTORC1 dysregulation.
Upper urinary tract obstruction from cystitis glandularis with intestinal metaplasia, on a background of radical prostatectomy and adjuvant radiation therapy: A case report
Authors: Shen Angela , Chow Ken , Gyomber Dennis 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Cystitis glandularis refers to a metaplastic change in the bladder urothelium. It is a common phenomenon, and the literature has yet to reach a consensus on whether this is a premalignant lesion. Cystitis glandularis with intestinal metaplasia, a rarer subtype, has been hypothesised to be a precursor to adenocarcinoma. The purpose of this report is to explore this connection and its potential relationship with prostate cancer and radiotherapy.
Case presentation
A 60-year-old male presented with biochemical recurrence following a radical prostatectomy and adjuvant external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Investigations showed right sided hydroureteronephrosis and renal impairment. Imaging revealed right-sided posterolateral bladder wall thickening with involvement of the right vesicoureteric junction (VUJ). A bladder lesion was found via cystoscopy and the patient underwent a transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT). Histopathology revealed cystitis glandularis with intestinal metaplasia.
Discussion and Conclusions
Some studies have demonstrated an association between cystitis glandularis with intestinal metaplasia and adenocarcinoma, including genetic changes suggestive of oncogenic variants. While the history of prostatic adenocarcinoma with EBRT in this patient is a risk factor for developing bladder carcinoma, it has not been demonstrated that upper urinary tract obstruction has greater premalignant potential, and the absence of dysplastic features in this patient confers a lower risk. Although limited therapeutic advances have been made, the current treatment recommendations for cystitis glandularis with intestinal metaplasia include endoscopic resection and ongoing cystoscopic surveillance.
Effect of maturity stage on sorghum silage production: intake, digestibility, energy partition, and methane production in sheep
Authors: Moura Marielly Maria Almeida , Roseira João Paulo Santos , Alves Wagner Sousa , Neto Otaviano de Souza Pires , Mizobutsi Edson Hiydu , Pires Daniel Ananias de Assis , Costa Renê Ferreira , Carvalho Cinara da Cunha Siqueira , Sousa Irisléia Pereira Soares , Fernandes Martielle Batista , Almeida Luciele Barboza , Castro Sabrina Gonçalves Vieira , Jayme Diogo Gonzaga , Gonçalves Lúcio Carlos 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The objective of the study was to evaluate the intake, digestibility, energy partition, and methane production of sheep fed with BRS 610 sorghum silage produced from plants harvested at different stages of maturity. Sorghum was harvested at the milk, soft mass, hard mass, and mature stages of development, corresponding to 100, 107, 114, and 121 days after planting, respectively. Twenty uncastrated adult rams were utilized, with five rams per treatment. There was a linear increase in voluntary intake expressed as a function of metabolic weight for dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC), and the NDF/CP ratio. The apparent digestibility of DM and OM increased linearly with increasing plant maturity at harvest. The energy content in sorghum silage exhibited a quadratic effect. No significant effect was observed on methane losses, caloric increment (CI), and enteric methane production. BRS 610 sorghum is recommended to be harvested for silage production when the plants reach the hard dough stage. This results in silage with higher energy values, improved voluntary intake, digestibility, and nitrogen use efficiency, without impacting methane production by animals.
Prenatal Genetic Detection and Clinical Characteristics of Fetuses with Mosaic Trisomy 2
Authors: Zhang Tong , Cong Xiaoyi , Cao Xianzhen , Liu Yanan , Hu Liang , Luo XiaoJin , Li Zhenming , Li Shuangwu , Liu Weiqiang , Wei Fengxiang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics, pregnancy outcomes, and sensitivity of different prenatal diagnosis methods in four prenatal cases of mosaic trisomy 2.
Methods: From November 2022 to March 2024, three fetuses and one aborted sample were detected with mosaic trisomy 2. Down syndrome serum screening, prenatal screening (NIPS), G-banding karyotype, and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) were performed for genetic screening and diagnosis.
Results: Case 1 was a miscarriage tissue sample, CMA results indicated that it was a mosaic triomy 2 with 16% of trisomy cells. In three prenatal cases, Down syndrome serum screening results showed that case 2 was at low risk, while cases 3 and 4 were at high risk for triomy 21 (T21) and T18. NIPS was performed for case 2 and case 3 and the results showed that case 2 was low risk while case 3 was T2 high risk with a Z value of 10.846. Karyotype of cultured amniotic fluid cells showed negative results for all three prenatal cases, while CMA showed that they all had mosaic triomy 2, with a mosaic ratio of 35% to 43%. After genetic counseling, case 2 and case 4 were terminated , while case 3 continued to term.
Conclusions: For prenatal chromosome 2 trisomy cases, there is a risk of underdiagnosis by karyotype alone, and the combined use of CMA will facilitate the detection of chromosome 2 trisomy.