bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress-induced Aldosterone Hyper-Secretion in a Substantial Subset of Patients With Essential Hypertension
Authors: Markou Athina , Sertedaki Amalia , Kaltsas Gregory , Androulakis Ioannis I. , Marakaki Chrisanthi , Pappa Theodora , Gouli Aggeliki , Papanastasiou Labrini , Fountoulakis Stelios , Zacharoulis Achilles , Karavidas Apostolos , Ragkou Despoina , Charmandari Evangelia , Chrousos George P. , Piaditis George P. 
Published: May 2015

Context:Aldosterone (ALD) secretion is regulated mainly by angiotensin II, K+, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) have effectively been used for the treatment of patients with hypertension who do not have primary aldosteronism (PA).Objective:We tested whether chronic stress–related ACTH-mediated ALD hypersecretion and/or zona glomerulosa hypersensitivity could be implicated in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension (ESHT).Patients and Methods:One hundred thirteen hypertensives without PA and 61 normotensive controls underwent an ultralow-dose (0.03-μg) ACTH stimulation and a treadmill test. Patients with ALD hyper-response according to the cutoffs obtained from controls received treatment with MRAs and underwent genomic DNA testing for the presence of the CYP11B1/CYP11B2 chimeric gene and KCNJ5 gene mutations. A control group of 22 patients with simple ESHT received treatment with MRAs.Results:Based on the cutoffs of ALD and aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) post-ACTH stimulation obtained from controls, 30 patients (27%) exhibited an ALD but not cortisol (F) hyper-response (HYPER group). This group had no difference in basal ACTH/renin (REN) concentrations compared with controls and the 83 patients with hypertension (73%) without an ALD hyper-response to ACTH stimulation. Patients in the HYPER group demonstrated significantly higher ALD concentrations, ARR, and ALD/ACTH ratio (AAR) in the treadmill test. Treatment with MRAs alone produced normalization of blood pressure in these patients whereas patients with hypertension with neither PA nor ALD hyper-response to ACTH stimulation who served as a control group failed to lower blood pressure. Also, two novel germline heterozygous KCNJ5 mutations were detected in the HYPER group.Conclusions:A number of patients with hypertension without PA show ACTH-dependent ALD hyper-secretion and benefit from treatment with MRAs. This could be related to chronic stress via ACTH hyper secretion and/or gene-mutations increasing the zona glomerulosa responsiveness to excitatory stimuli.
Interdisciplinary Natural Science Concepts and Modeling
Authors: Мансурова  , Mansurova Svetlana 
Published: May 2015

The article considers approaches to the study of interdisciplinary science concepts based on their modeling. The manifestation of integrative trends in
education is shown, the concept of «interdisciplinary» is substantiated. methodological basis for identification of interdisciplinary science concepts of
energy and matter is defined. General scientific concept of «model» is presented as a method of cognition, «modeling» as a general learning — symbolic
of universal educational actions. the concept of «cognitive system» model is highlighted In relation to science education. It is proven that biological
patterns having the physic-chemical basis, have heuristic potential for modeling interdisciplinary science concepts within a system of cognitive models.
some models of physical-chemical-biological processes of transformation of matter and energy at different levels of the organization are presented.
Approaches to modeling interdisciplinary science concepts are considered from the viewpoint of formation of interdisciplinary learning outcomes.
Análise da produção científica em artigos sobre estudos transculturais na avaliação psicológica em bases online.
Authors: Rodrigues Azevedo Joly Maria Cristina , Bustamante Maria Inês , Da Silva Sales Oliveira Sandra Maria 
Published: May 2015

O avanço da Avaliação Psicológica enquanto especialidade indica a necessidade de estudos para analisar e caracterizar sua produção científica para o direcionamento de futuras investigações. Nesse sentido, analisaram-se as publicações nacionais e internacionais de estudos transculturais em Avaliação Psicológica, no período de 1992 a 2010 presentes em bases de dados eletrônicas. Os descritores pesquisados foram avaliação psicológica, psicometria, testes psicológicos e transcultural. Analisaram-se 239 resumos de artigos, dos quais 79 referiam-se à temática. O maior número de publicações encontra-se nas revistas Qualis B2 da Psicologia, constituindo-se em 8% do total das publicações analisadas. A maioria dos estudos era de autoria de homens e mulheres e os anos de 2006 a 2010 apresentaram maior número de publicações. Quanto à metodologia de investigação, predominou a pesquisa de campo. ÿ necessário a normatização da publicação dos resumos de artigos científicos que, em sua maioria, possuem informações incompletas, o que dificulta sua recuperação na íntegra e inviabiliza uma análise completa da produção da área.
Does Age Affect the Relationship Between Pain and Disability? A Descriptive Study in Individuals Suffering From Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Houde Francis , Cabana François , Léonard Guillaume 
Published: May 2015

Background:
Previous studies have revealed a weak to moderate relationship between pain and disability in individuals suffering from low back pain (LBP). However, to our knowledge, no studies have evaluated if this relationship is different between young and older adults.

Purpose:
The objective of this descriptive, cross-sectional study was to determine whether the relationship between LBP intensity and physical disability is different between young and older adults.

Methods:
Pain intensity (measured with a visual analog scale) and physical disability scores (measured with the Oswestry Disability Index) were collected from the medical files of 164 patients with LBP. Separate Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between these 2 variables for young (mean age 40 ± 6 years, n = 82) and older (62 ± 9 years, n = 82) individuals and a Fisher r-to-z transformation was used to test for group differences in the strength of the relationship. Linear regression analyses were also performed to determine whether the slope of the association was different between the 2 groups.

Results:
A significant and positive association was found between pain intensity and disability for both young and older individuals. However, the correlation was stronger in the young group (r = 0.66; P < .01) than in the older group (r = 0.44; P < .01) (Fisher Z = 2.03; P < .05). The linear regression model also revealed that the slope of the relationship was steeper in the young group (P < .05).

Conclusion:
Although both young and older individuals showed a significant association between pain intensity and disability, the relationship between these 2 variables was more tenuous in older individuals than in young patients. Future research is essential to identify the factors underlying this age-related difference.
Germ Cell Segregation from the Drosophila Soma Is Controlled by an Inhibitory Threshold Set by the Arf-GEF Steppke
Authors: Lee Donghoon M , Wilk Ronit , Hu Jack , Krause Henry M , Harris Tony J C 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Germline cells segregate from the soma to maintain their totipotency, but the cellular mechanisms of this segregation are unclear. The Drosophila melanogaster embryo forms a posterior group of primordial germline cells (PGCs) by their division from the syncytial soma. Extended plasma membrane furrows enclose the PGCs in response to the germ plasm protein Germ cell-less (Gcl) and Rho1–actomyosin activity. Recently, we found that loss of the Arf-GEF Steppke (Step) leads to similar Rho1-dependent plasma membrane extensions but from pseudocleavage furrows of the soma. Here, we report that the loss of step also leads to premature formation of a large cell group at the anterior pole of the embryo . These anterior cells lacked germ plasm, but budded and formed at the same time as posterior PGCs, and then divided asynchronously as PGCs also do. With genetic analyses we found that Step normally activates Arf small G proteins and antagonizes Rho1–actomyosin pathways to inhibit anterior cell formation. A uniform distribution of step mRNA around the one-cell embryo cortex suggested that Step restricts cell formation through a global control mechanism. Thus, we examined the effect of Step on PGC formation at the posterior pole. Reducing Gcl or Rho1 levels decreased PGC numbers, but additional step RNAi restored their numbers. Reciprocally, GFP–Step overexpression induced dosage- and Arf-GEF-dependent loss of PGCs, an effect worsened by reducing Gcl or actomyosin pathway activity. We propose that a global distribution of Step normally sets an inhibitory threshold for Rho1 activity to restrict early cell formation to the posterior.
Change in organizational justice and job performance in Japanese employees: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Nakagawa Yuko , Inoue Akiomi , Kawakami Norito , Tsuno Kanami , Tomioka Kimiko , Nakanishi Mayuko , Mafune Kosuke , Hiro Hisanori 
Published: May 2015

Change in organizational justice and job performance in Japanese employees: A prospective cohort study: Yuko Nakagawa, et al. Department of Health Policy and Management, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, JapanObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to investigate the association of one‐year change in organizational justice (i.e., procedural justice and interactional justice) with job performance in Japanese employees.MethodsThis study surveyed 425 men and 683 women from a manufacturing company in Japan. Self‐administered questionnaires, including the Organizational Justice Questionnaire (OJQ), the World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (WHO‐HPQ) and the scales on demographic characteristics, were administered at baseline (August 2009). At one‐year follow‐up (August 2010), the OJQ and WHO‐HPQ were used again to assess organizational justice and job performance. The change in organizational justice was measured by dichotomizing each OJQ subscale score by median at baseline and follow‐up, and the participants were classified into four groups (i.e., stable low, adverse change, favorable change and stable high). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was employed.ResultsAfter adjusting for demographic and occupational characteristics and job performance at baseline, the groups classified based on the change in procedural justice differed significantly in job performance at followup (ANCOVA: F [3, 1097]=4.35, p<0.01). Multiple comparisons revealed that the stable high procedural justice group had significantly higher job performance at follow‐up compared with the stable low procedural justice group. The groups classified based on change in interactional justice did not differ significantly in job performance at follow‐up (p>0.05).ConclusionsThe present findings suggest that keeping the level of procedural justice high predicts higher levels of job performance, whereas the psychosocial factor of interactional justice is not so important for predicting job performance.
Evaluation of urinary cyclohexanediols and cyclohexanol as biomarkers of occupational exposure to cyclohexane
Authors: Takeuchi Akito , Ogawa Yoshihiro , Endo Yoko , Kawai Toshio , Namera Akira , Yamamuro Kenji , Sumino Kimiaki , Endo Ginji 
Published: May 2015

Evaluation of urinary cyclohexanediols and cyclohexanol as biomarkers of occupational exposure to cyclohexane: Akito Takeuchi, et al. Osaka Occupational Health Service Center, Japan Industrial Safety and Health AssociationObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate the usefulness of urinary cyclohexanediols (CHdiols‐U) and cyclohexanol (CHol‐U) as biomarkers of occupational exposure to cyclohexane (CH).MethodsSixteen subjects (14 men and 2 women) were exposed to CH during proof‐printing work. Personal exposure monitoring was conducted during the whole shift on the last working day of the week. The time‐weighted average level of exposure to CH (CH‐A) was measured using a diffusive sampler. Two urine samples were collected from each worker at different times during the same week: a baseline urine sample (before the first shift of the working week, after a 5‐day holiday with no CH exposure) and an end‐of‐shift urine sample (after the last shift of the same working week, the same day personal exposure monitoring was conducted). CH‐A, CHdiols‐U and CHol‐U were determined using a gas chromatograph‐flame ionization detector.ResultsThe CH‐A concentrations ranged from 4.5 to 60.3 ppm, with a geometric mean (GM) of 18.1 ppm. The GMs and ranges (in parenthesis) of the creatinine (cr)‐corrected end‐of‐shift 1,2‐CHdiol‐U, 1,4CHdiol‐U and CHol‐U concentrations were 12.1 (4.1−36.6), 7.5 (2.4−20.1) and 0.4 (0.2−1.0) mg/g cr, respectively. Both CHdiols‐U at the end of the shift were significantly correlated with CH‐A (correlation coefficients for 1,2‐CHdiol‐U and 1,4‐CHdiol‐U of 0.852 and 0.847, respectively). No correlation was observed between CH‐A and CHol‐U.ConclusionsCHdiols‐U at the end of the last shift of the working week are suitable biomarkers of occupational exposure to CH, but CHol‐U is not suitable.
Estimation of biological occupational exposure limit values for selected organic solvents from logartihm of octarol water partition coefficient
Authors: Kawai Toshio , Sakurai Haruhiko , Ikeda Masayuki 
Published: May 2015

Estimation of biological occupational exposure limit values for selected organic solvents from logartihm of octarol water partition coefficient: Toshio Kawai, et al. Osaka Occupational Health Service Center, Japan Industrial Safety and Health AssociationObjectiveFor several organic solvents (solvents in short), biological occupational exposure limits (BOELs) have been established for unmetabolized solvents in urine, based on the solvent exposure‐urinary excretion relationship. This study was initiated to investigate the possibiliy of estimating a BOEL from the Pow (the partition coefficient between n‐octyl alcohol and water), a physico‐chemical parameter.MethodsData were available in the literatures for exposure‐excretion relationship with regard to 10 solvents for men and 7 solvents for women.ResultsStatistical analysis revealed that the slopes (after correction for molecular weights and logarithmic conversion) of the exposure‐excretion regression lines linearly correlated (p<0.01) with the log Pow values the respective solvents. No significant difference (p>0.05) was observed between men and women, and it was acceptable to combine the data for the two sexes. Thus the log Pow‐log slope relation was represented by a single equation for both sexes. Based on the observations, procedures were established to estimate BOEL values from Pow . Successful estimations of BOELs for styrene, tetrahydrofuran and m‐xylene (a representative of xylene isomers) were calculated as examples.ConclusionsThe present study proposed promising procedures for estimation of a BOEL from the Pow .
Multidisciplinary Undergraduate Research Team via Independent Study Courses
Authors: Gipson Kyle G. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTUndergraduate students from Engineering, Physics, Geology & Chemistry come together to form multidisciplinary teams as part of an undergraduate research opportunity through a sequence of independent study classes within the Department of Engineering at James Madison University. The undergraduate research groups typically contain students from freshman to senior years, totaling approximately three to eight students per academic year per group. One of the primary objectives is to provide a high-level research experience for undergraduates in a nurturing environment within the academic year. Peer-mentoring is integral piece to the team dynamics. The course sequence that facilitates the research opportunity is constructed in order for students to produce research that can be applied to obtaining a minor in Materials Science. Methodologies employed in the course range from problem-based learning, inquiry-based learning, and collaborative efforts with outside entities. The course objectives are geared towards developing critical & creative thinking, technical writing and oral communication skills through the development of planned action & experiments with data analysis as well as submitting findings to be presented at regional and national conferences.
Mentoring Undergraduate Students in Computational Materials Research
Authors: Zou Jie 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTComputation has become an increasingly important tool in materials science. Compared to experimental research, which requires facilities that are often beyond the financial capability of primarily-undergraduate institutions, computation provides a more affordable approach. In the Physics Department at Eastern Illinois University (EIU), students have opportunities to participate in computational materials research. In this paper, I will discuss our approach to involving undergraduate students in this area. Specifically, I will discuss (i) how to prepare undergraduate students for computational research, (ii) how to motivate and recruit students to participate in computational research, and (iii) how to select and design undergraduate projects in computational materials science. Suggestions on how similar approaches can be implemented at other institutions are also given.
Determinants of First-Time Cancer Examinations in a Rural Community: A Mechanism for Behavior Change
Authors: Logan Henrietta L. , Guo Yi , Emanuel Amber S. , Shepperd James A. , Dodd Virginia J. , Marks John G. , Muller Keith E. , Riley Joseph L. 
Published: May 2015

Objectives. After conducting a media campaign focusing on the importance of oral and pharyngeal cancer (OPC) examinations, we assessed mechanisms of behavior change among individuals receiving an OPC examination for the first time. Methods. We used data from 2 waves of telephone surveys of individuals residing in 36 rural census tracts in northern Florida (n = 806). The second survey occurred after our media intervention. We developed media messages and modes of message delivery with community members via focus groups and intercept interviews. We performed a mediation analysis to examine behavior change mechanisms. Results. Greater exposure to media messages corresponded with heightened concern about OPC. Heightened concern, in turn, predicted receipt of a first-time OPC examination, but only among men. Conclusions. We extended earlier studies by measuring an outcome behavior (receipt of an OPC examination) and demonstrating that the putative mechanism of action (concern about the disease) explained the link between a media intervention and engaging in the target behavior. Improving the quality of media campaigns by engaging community stakeholders in selecting messages and delivery methods is an effective strategy in building public health interventions aimed at changing behaviors.
Health Outcomes of Obtaining Housing Among Older Homeless Adults
Authors: Brown Rebecca T. , Miao Yinghui , Mitchell Susan L. , Bharel Monica , Patel Mitkumar , Ard Kevin L. , Grande Laura J. , Blazey-Martin Deborah , Floru Daniella , Steinman Michael A. 
Published: May 2015

Objectives. We determined the impact of obtaining housing on geriatric conditions and acute care utilization among older homeless adults. Methods. We conducted a 12-month prospective cohort study of 250 older homeless adults recruited from shelters in Boston, Massachusetts, between January and June 2010. We determined housing status at follow-up, determined number of emergency department visits and hospitalizations over 12 months, and examined 4 measures of geriatric conditions at baseline and 12 months. Using multivariable regression models, we evaluated the association between obtaining housing and our outcomes of interest. Results. At 12-month follow-up, 41% of participants had obtained housing. Compared with participants who remained homeless, those with housing had fewer depressive symptoms. Other measures of health status did not differ by housing status. Participants who obtained housing had a lower rate of acute care use, with an adjusted annualized rate of acute care visits of 2.5 per year among participants who obtained housing and 5.3 per year among participants who remained homeless. Conclusions. Older homeless adults who obtained housing experienced improved depressive symptoms and reduced acute care utilization compared with those who remained homeless.
The Interaction Between an Individual’s Acculturation and Community Factors on Physical Inactivity and Obesity: A Multilevel Analysis
Authors: Shi Lu , Zhang Donglan , van Meijgaard Jeroen , MacLeod Kara E. , Fielding Jonathan E. 
Published: May 2015

Objectives. We examined whether the interactions between primarily speaking English at home and community-level measures (median household income and immigrant composition) are associated with physical inactivity and obesity. Methods. We pooled the 2005 and 2007 Los Angeles County Health Survey data to construct a multilevel data set, with community-level median household income and immigrant density as predictors at the community level. After controlling for individual-level demographic variables, we included the respondent’s perceived community safety as a covariate to test the hypothesis that perceived public safety mediates the association between acculturation and health outcomes. Results. The interaction between community median household income and primarily speaking English at home was associated with lower likelihoods of physical inactivity (odds ratio [OR] = 0.644; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.502, 0.825) and obesity (OR = 0.674; 95% CI = 0.514, 0.882). These odds remained significant after we controlled for perceived community safety. Conclusions. Resources in higher-income areas may be beneficial only to residents fully integrated into the community. Future research could focus on understanding how linguistic isolation affects community-level social learning and access to resources and whether this differs by family-level acculturation.
Community-Based Review of Research Across Diverse Community Contexts: Key Characteristics, Critical Issues, and Future Directions
Authors: Shore Nancy , Ford Angela , Wat Eric , Brayboy Missy , Isaacs Mei-Ling , Park Alice , Strelnick Hal , Seifer Sarena D. 
Published: May 2015

A growing number of community-based organizations and community–academic partnerships are implementing processes to determine whether and how health research is conducted in their communities. These community-based research review processes (CRPs) can provide individual and community-level ethics protections, enhance the cultural relevance of study designs and competence of researchers, build community and academic research capacity, and shape research agendas that benefit diverse communities. To better understand how they are organized and function, representatives of 9 CRPs from across the United States convened in 2012 for a working meeting. In this article, we articulated and analyzed the models presented, offered guidance to communities that seek to establish a CRP, and made recommendations for future research, practice, and policy.