bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of monomeric and oligomeric wine stilbenoids in red wines by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Moss Ryan , Mao Qinyong , Taylor Dennis , Saucier Cédric 
Published: July 2013

RATIONALEStilbenoids are secondary plant metabolites responsible for the protection of multiple plant species including grape vine from bacterial and fungal infection. Red wine has been shown to be a major source of these compounds in the human diet, where they display an array of health benefits. Providing a more complete profile of the stilbenoids present in red wine, this study detects 41 stilbenoid compounds, 23 of which have never before been detected in red wine.METHODSRed wine extracts were scanned using an ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatograph coupled to a hybrid quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass analyzer. Multiple targeted MS/MS precursor ion scan experiments were performed using electrospray ionization operated in negative mode. Precursor ion masses were scanned for the monomeric and oligomeric stilbenoids, as well as modifications such as O‐glycosylation, methoxylation and oxidation products of these compounds. Accurate mass precursor and characteristic product ions afforded partial structural elucidation and assignment of these compounds.RESULTSA total of 41 (both known and novel) stilbenoids were detected in extracted red wine. In addition to the well‐known monomeric stilbenes, several resveratrol‐resveratrol homodimers (m/z 453.1344), resveratrol‐piceatannol heterodimers (m/z 469.1293) and piceatannol‐piceatannol homodimers (m/z 485.1236) were detected. Modified dimers of resveratrol including O‐glycosylated (m/z 615.1872), methoxylated (m/z 485.1606) and oxidized (m/z 471.1449) dimers were also detected. Multiple trimers of resveratrol (m/z 679.1978) were detected for the first time in red wine, as well as some known and some novel stilbenoid tetramers (m/z 905.2604).CONCLUSIONSIn summary, 41 stilbenoids were detected in red wine, 23 for the first time. Both monomeric and oligomeric stilbenoids were partially identified and assigned by their accurate mass precursor ions and characteristic stilbenoid fragmentation patterns. Knowledge gained from these experiments contributes to a more complete understanding of the origin of the beneficial properties of red wine. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A study on the influences of R&D investment on information security for mechanical and electronics industry
Authors: Oh Seung‐Ryung , Kim Kun Woo 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTIn this study, we have tried to analyze the influence of research and development (R&D) investment on real option value (ROV), expended net present value (ENPV) and market value by analyzing R&D investment, ROV, ENPV and market value of different industry types from an ex post perspective. The results show that ENPV, which has been deduced by real option according to R&D investment, reflects market value well and possesses a strong correlation with R&D investment, ROV, ENPV and market value. This implies that our study result corresponds with existing theories. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Avoidance of reproductive interference causes resource partitioning in bean beetle females
Authors: Kishi Shigeki , Tsubaki Yoshitaka 
Published: July 2013

AbstractReproductive interference is any interspecific sexual interaction that adversely affects female fitness through indiscriminate reproductive activities. It can be a driving force of resource partitioning in conjunction with resource competition. We previously showed that the bean beetle Callosobruchus maculatus is superior in larval resource competition, but vulnerable in reproductive interference, compared with its congener C. chinensis. We hypothesized that these two species might use two resources differently if one of the resources modified the intensity of reproductive interference or resource competition. We observed that C. maculatus females often enter gaps between beans to avoid mating attempts of heterospecific males, and hypothesized that removing bean gaps would strengthen reproductive interference. Therefore, we provided normal beans with gaps and split beans without gaps to females of the two species housed with conspecific or heterospecific males or no males and compared the number of eggs on each bean type among treatments. Callosobruchus maculatus females housed with heterospecific males were more likely to oviposit on normal beans than C. chinensis females. As a result, more C. chinensis adults hatched from split beans and more C. maculatus hatched from normal beans when females and males of both species were housed together. Thus, oviposition resource partitioning resulted from the combination of female avoidance of reproductive interference and resource competition.
Same-Sex Sexual Attraction Does Not Spread in Adolescent Social Networks
Authors: Brakefield Tiffany A. , Mednick Sara C. , Wilson Helen W. , De Neve Jan-Emmanuel , Christakis Nicholas A. , Fowler James H. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Peers have a powerful effect on adolescents’ beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. Here, we examine the role of social networks in the spread of attitudes towards sexuality using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). Although we found evidence that both sexual activity (OR = 1.79) and desire to have a romantic relationship (OR = 2.69) may spread from person to person, attraction to same sex partners did not spread (OR = 0.96). Analyses of comparable power to those that suggest positive and significant peer-to-peer influence in sexual behavior fail to demonstrate a significant relationship on sexual attraction between friends or siblings. These results suggest that peer influence has little or no effect on the tendency toward heterosexual or homosexual attraction in teens, and that sexual orientation is not transmitted via social networks.
Consumer Preferences for the Predictive Genetic Test for Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Huang Ming‐Yi , Huston Sally A. , Perri Matthew 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess consumer preferences for predictive genetic testing for Alzheimer disease in the United States. A rating conjoint analysis was conducted using an anonymous online survey distributed by Qualtrics® to a general population panel in April 2011 in the United States. The study design included three attributes: Accuracy (40 %, 80 %, and 100 %), Treatment Availability (Cure is available/Drug for symptom relief but no cure), and Anonymity (Anonymous/Not anonymous). A total of 12 scenarios were used to elicit people's preference, assessed by an 11‐point scale. The respondents also indicated their highest willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) for each scenario through open‐ended questions. A total of 295 responses were collected over 4 days. The most important attribute for the aggregate model was Accuracy, contributing 64.73 % to the preference rating. Treatment Availability and Anonymity contributed 20.72 % and 14.59 %, respectively, to the preference rating. The median WTP for the highest‐rating scenario (Accuracy 100 %, a cure is available, test result is anonymous) was $100 (mean = $276). The median WTP for the lowest‐rating scenario (40 % accuracy, no cure but drugs for symptom relief, not anonymous) was zero (mean = $34). The results of this study highlight attributes people find important when making the hypothetical decision to obtain an AD genetic test. These results should be of interests to policy makers, genetic test developers and health care providers.
Largest Earthquake in Himalaya: An Appraisal
Authors: Srivastava H. N. , Bansal B. K. , Verma Mithila 
Published: July 2013

Abstract:
The largest earthquake (Mw 8.4 to 8.6) in Himalaya reported so far occurred in Assam syntaxial bend in 1950. However, some recent studies have suggested for earthquake of magnitude Mw 9 or more in the Himalayan region. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of seismological data extending back to 1200 AD, and show that earthquake in Himalayan region may not be expected to be as large as those of subduction zones. Also, there appears to be a lateral variation in the earthquake magnitude, being lesser in the western syntaxial bend when compared close to the eastern syntaxial bend. This is attributed to the difference in the plate boundary scenario; dominance of strike-slip and thrusting along the western syntaxis as against thrusting and remnant subduction along the eastern syntaxis.
Gender-based differences in oxidative stress parameters do not underlie the differences in mood disorders susceptibility between sexes
Authors: Wiener C. , Rassier G.T. , Kaster M.P. , Jansen K. , Pinheiro R.T. , Klamt F. , Magalhães P.V. , Kapczinski F. , Ghisleni G. , da Silva R.A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe present study aimed to determine whether any gender-related difference exists concerning oxidative stress parameters in a population of 231 subjects, and if these changes might be related to gender-associated differences in major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD) vulnerability. This is a case-control nested in a population-based study. The initial psychopathology screen was performed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview and the diagnostic was further confirmed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Blood samples were obtained after the interview and the oxidative stress parameters such as uric acid, advanced oxidation protein product (PCC) and lipid hydroperoxides (TBARS) were determined. Our results indicated a higher prevalence of MDD and BD in women when compared to men. In addition, significant gender differences were found in the levels of PCC (0.27 ± 0.27 vs. 0.40 ± 0.31 nmol CO/mg protein, men vs. women, respectively; P = 0.02) and uric acid (4.88 ± 1.39 mg/dL vs. 3.53 ± 1.02 mg/dL, men vs. women, respectively; P = 0.0001), but not in TBARS (0.013 ± 0.01 nmol/mg of protein vs. 0.017 ± 0.02 nmol/mg of protein, men vs. women respectively; P = 0.243). After sample stratification by gender, no association was found between oxidative stress parameters and clinical diagnosis of MDD and BD for women (P = 0.516 for PCC; P = 0.620 for TBARS P = 0.727 for uric acid) and men (P = 0.367 for PCC; P = 0.372 for TBARS P = 0.664 for uric acid). In this study, women seem more susceptible to oxidative stress than male. However, these gender-based differences do not seem to provide a biochemical basis for the epidemiologic differences in mood disorders susceptibility between sexes.
Prenatal stress increased Snk Polo‐like kinase 2, SCF β‐TrCP ubiquitin ligase and ubiquitination of SPAR in the hippocampus of the offspring at adulthood
Authors: Chutabhakdikul Naunchan , Surakul Pornprom 
Published: July 2013

AbstractExposure to excessive glucocorticoids during fetal development period contributes to later life psychopathology. Prenatal stress decreases dendritic spine density and impair LTP in the hippocampus of rat pups, however, the mechanisms regulating these changes are still unclear.Glutamate receptors are localized in the postsynaptic density. PSD‐95 is a postsynaptic scaffolding protein that plays a role in synaptic maturation and regulation of the synaptic strength and plasticity. PSD‐95 interacts with other proteins to form the protein networks that promote dendritic spine formation. The present study investigated the effect of prenatal stress on the levels of scaffolding proteins of NMDA receptor in the hippocampus in order to explain how prenatal stress alters the amount of NMDA receptor in the pups’ brain. Pregnant rats were randomly assigned to either the prenatal stress (PS) or the control group (C). The pregnant rats in the PS group were restrained in a plexiglas restrainer for 4 h/day during the GD 14–21. Control rats were left undisturbed for the duration of their pregnancies. The amount of PSD‐95, SPAR, NR2A and NR2B, as well as the levels of Snk Polo‐like kinase 2 and the SCF β‐TrCP ubiquitin ligase were measured in the hippocampus of the offspring. The results show that prenatal stress induces a reduction in the amount of NR2B and NR2A subunits in the hippocampus of rat pups, parallel to the decrease in PSD‐95 and SPAR at P40 and P60. Moreover, prenatal stress increases Snk and β‐TrCP in the hippocampus of rat pups, and the timing correlates with the decrease of SPAR and PSD‐95. Prenatal stress also induces a significantly increases in the level of ubiquitinated SPAR in the hippocampus of rat pups at adulthood. The results suggest that degradation of SPAR via UPS system may contribute to the loss of PSD‐95 and NMDA receptor subunits in the hippocampus of rat pups at adulthood. In conclusion, the present work demonstrates that the developing brain is critically influenced by glucocorticoids, especially during pre‐ and early postnatal period, which can have long‐term effects on brain development. In addition, an involvement of the UPS system in the prenatal stress model has led to a greater understanding of the effects of prenatal stress later on in life.
The relationship of body composition to daily physical activity in free-living Japanese adult men
Authors: Park Jonghoon , Ishikawa-Takata Kazuko , Tanaka Shigeho , Hikihara Yuki , Ohkawara Kazunori , Watanabe Shaw , Miyachi Motohiko , Morita Akemi , Aiba Naomi , Tabata Izumi 
Published: July 2013

The objective of the present study was to investigate whether a previously reported apparent negative relationship between fat mass and daily physical activity in Japanese adult women would also be observed in Japanese adult men. The subjects were grouped into quartiles of BMI and body fat percentage (%BF). The number of steps walked each day and the duration of light- to vigorous-intensity physical activity were assessed by an accelerometer over the same period of time as for the doubly labelled water experiment. The results showed that BMI negatively correlated with the number of steps and time spent in moderate-intensity physical activity, whereas %BF showed a negative relationship with physical activity-related energy expenditure (PAEE)/body weight (BW) and physical activity level. The analysis of data using %BF quartiles revealed that PAEE/BW decreased from the second quartile in which the BMI was < 25 kg/m2. These observations are similar to those reported in our previous study in Japanese adult women. These cross-sectional studies cannot prove causality, and that obesity causes physical inactivity may be the case. However, the results of the present study provide information regarding which physical activity variables should be used in longitudinal studies.
Cohomological finiteness properties of the Brin–Thompson–Higman groups 2V and 3V
Authors: Kochloukova Dessislava H. , Martínez-Pérez Conchita , Nucinkis Brita E. A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWe show that Brin's generalizations 2V and 3V of the Thompson–Higman group V are of type FP∞. Our methods also give a new proof that both groups are finitely presented.
The optimum cut-off value to differentiate Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto from other species of E. granulosus sensu lato using larval rostellar hook morphometry
Authors: Soriano S.V. , Pierangeli N.B. , Pianciola L.A. , Mazzeo M. , Lazzarini L.E. , Debiaggi M.F. , Bergagna H.F.J. , Basualdo J.A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractCystic echinococcosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato is one of the most important helminth zoonoses in the world; it affects both humans and livestock. The disease is endemic in Argentina and highly endemic in the province of Neuquén. Considerable genetic and phenotypic variation has been demonstrated in E. granulosus, and ten different genotypes (G1–G10) have been identified using molecular tools. Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato may be considered a species complex, comprised of E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1–G3), E. equinus (G4), E. ortleppi (G5) and E. canadensis (G6–G10). In endemic areas, the characterization of cystic echinococcosis molecular epidemiology is important in order to apply adequate control strategies. A cut-off value for larval large hook total length to distinguish E. granulosus sensu stricto isolates from those produced by other species of the complex was defined for the first time. Overall, 1780 larval hooks of 36 isolates obtained from sheep (n= 11, G1), goats (n= 10, G6), cattle (n= 5, G6) and pigs (n= 10, G7) were analysed. Validation against molecular genotyping as gold standard was carried out using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The optimum cut-off value was defined as 26.5 μm. The proposed method showed high sensitivity (97.8%) and specificity (91.1%). Since in most endemic regions the molecular epidemiology of echinococcosis includes the coexistence of the widely distributed E. granulosus sensu stricto G1 strain and other species of the complex, this technique could be useful as a quick and economical tool for epidemiological and surveillance field studies, when fertile cysts are present.
The register of divine speech in Genesis A
Authors: Griffith Mark 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe article argues from an empirical study of the alliterative and metrical characteristics of the speeches of Genesis A that the poet made a concerted attempt to differentiate between the spoken language of God and that of mortal speakers. In particular the analysis shows that divine language is highly patterned, alliteratively ornate and unusually hypermetric. The most extreme effects are generated by the genres of benediction and malediction. The evidence shows that the poet was also able to use the rules of his poetics effectively for rhetorical ends. An attempt is made finally to link this characterising of the divine voice with the Biblical vox tonantis.
St Boniface as historian: a continental perspective on the organization of the early Anglo-Saxon church
Authors: Flechner Roy 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBoniface and Bede relied for the most part on the same sources of information for learning about the early Anglo-Saxon church, yet their accounts differ on a number of crucial points pertaining to church organization and the importance of London as an ecclesiastical centre. The present article takes a close look at Boniface's methods of conducting research into the past, and asks how they compared with Bede's. By focusing on Boniface's account of an early-seventh-century Lundunensis synodus, it is asked whether Boniface offers a viable alternative to Bede, and to what extent his account challenges the prevalent historiographical narrative of the foundation and growth of the church in Anglo-Saxon England.
Historiography and literary patronage in late Anglo-Saxon England: the evidence of Æthelweard's Chronicon
Authors: Gretsch Mechthild 
Published: July 2013

AbstractOn numerous occasions Ælfric of Cerne, and of Eynsham, refers to the long-standing patrons of his career and oeuvre, Ealdorman Æthelweard and his son Æthelmær. Ælfric is, however, our sole witness to this patronage. As a result, we get only his view of their relationship, and there are blind spots which, in our enthusiasm for the unusual wealth of personal information from an Anglo-Saxon author, we tend to ignore. In this article I examine Ealdorman Æthelweard's Chronicon for what it might reveal about its author, and his background; and I suggest that it brings into clearer focus his own role in an unparalleled case of literary patronage in Anglo-Saxon England.
Payments for land and privilege in Anglo-Saxon England
Authors: Naismith Rory 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA little over five per cent of surviving Anglo-Saxon charters contain some reference to money or purchase. These cover a multitude of transactions: gifts, sales, bequests, annual renders, and so on. They provide a valuable insight into Anglo-Saxon perceptions of wealth and a detailed view of one specific area of exchange. Gold and precious-metal objects emerge as especially prominent, at the expense of silver coin. The formulation of these documents, however, presents a number of obstacles to interpretation, particularly in that no definitive distinction between charters of gift and sale developed in Anglo-Saxon England. Diverse forms of transactions can be exemplified among them – outright purchase, payment for book-right (with or without an earlier claim to the land in question) and gifts to neutralize potential challenges of title – but these show little correlation with ‘price’ or with the complex social background to every act of exchange.
Pre-existing medical conditions associated withVibrio vulnificussepticaemia
Authors: MENON M. P. , YU P. A. , IWAMOTO M. , PAINTER J. 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYVibrio vulnificus(Vv) can result in severe disease. Although pre-existing liver disease is a recognized risk factor for serious infection, the relative importance of other comorbidities has not been fully assessed. We analysed reports ofVvinfections submitted to CDC from January 1988 to September 2006 in order to assess the role of pre-existing conditions contributing to severe outcomes. A total of 1212 patients withVvinfection were reported. Only patients with liver disease [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 5·1)] were more likely to become septic when exposure was due to contaminated food. Patients with liver disease (aOR 4·1), a haematological disease (aOR 3·2), or malignancy (aOR 3·2) were more likely to become septic when infection was acquired via a non-foodborne exposure. As such, patients with these pre-existing medical conditions should be advised of the risk of life-threatening illness after eating undercooked contaminated seafood or exposing broken skin to warm seawater.
Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and Mycobacterium neoaurum detection in an immunocompromised patient
Authors: KAEVSKA M. , STERBA J. , SVOBODOVA J. , PAVLIK I. 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYNon-tuberculous mycobacteria are increasingly described as infectious agents in immunocompromised patients. A 17-year-old male patient suffering from secondary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and treated with chemotherapeutic agents was admitted to hospital due to pleuropneumonia. Mycobacterium neoaurum was cultured repeatedly from his sputum and, Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium (M. a. avium) was detected by IS901 qPCR from detached fragments of his intestinal mucosa. We attempted to determine the possible sources of infection by analysing environmental samples from the closed oncology unit and conventional unit in the hospital, and from the patient's home residence and places which he frequented. The environment of the patient harboured mycobacteria (41 isolates in total); however, M. neoaurum was not recovered. M. a. avium was detected by qPCR in the environmental samples from a small flock of hens kept by his neighbour. Although it was not confirmed by DNA fingerprinting methods, the M. a. avium infection could have been acquired through the eating of incompletely cooked eggs.
Successful percutaneous removal of a fractured stent fragment using a novel stretching method
Authors: Dryżek Paweł , Michalak Krzysztof W. , Moszura Tomasz 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWe present the case of percutaneous removal of a fractured stent fragment during cardiac catheterisation using a novel stretching method. The procedure was performed in a 9-month-old infant. The small distal fragment of a fractured stent in the aorta was stretched using a two-sided approach – that is, from the carotid and femoral artery. This manoeuvre allowed for the removal of the stretched, linear-shaped stent part through a 6 Fr sheath without any local and general complications.