bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Business as usual? Unraveling the impact of Brexit on UK‐EU business links
Authors: Kone Zovanga , Wang Feicheng , Wang Zheng , Zhou Zhuo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe present the first systematic evidence on the impact of Brexit on the business links between the United Kingdom (UK) and the European Union (EU) through the lens of international visits. We find important asymmetry in the direction of changes in business visits between the two regions following the referendum. Specifically, we observe a significant drop in EU‐to‐UK trips, while UK‐to‐EU trips increased noticeably after the vote. These results support the claim that Brexit has made the UK less attractive to EU businesses, but also reveal that UK businesses are investing more in their relationships with EU partners to offset the uncertainty.
Wage–price spirals: what is the historical evidence?
Authors: Alvarez Jorge , Bluedorn John Christopher , Hansen Niels‐Jakob , Huang Youyou , Pugacheva Evgenia , Sollaci Alexandre 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHow common are wage–price spirals, and what has happened in their aftermath? We construct a new historical database of wage–price spirals—identified as episodes with consumer price inflation and average nominal wage growth rising jointly for at least a year—going back to the 1960s for a large sample of advanced economies. We find that only about a quarter of such episodes were followed by sustained accelerations in wages and prices. Instead, nominal wage growth and inflation tended to stabilize at a higher level on average, and then gradually revert, with real wage growth broadly unchanged. A decomposition of average wage dynamics during wage–price spiral episodes using a wage Phillips curve suggests that nominal wage growth normally stabilizes at levels consistent with observed inflation and labour market tightness. After historical episodes exhibiting rising inflation, falling real wages, and tightening labour markets—similar to what was observed in the early post‐COVID‐19 recovery in 2021—inflation tended to decline and nominal wage growth to rise, allowing real wages to gradually catch up. Our findings suggest that an acceleration of nominal wages against a backdrop of rising inflation does not necessarily signal that a persistent wage–price spiral dynamic is taking hold.
Reduced size in a montane butterfly at its warm range boundaries
Authors: Minter Melissa , Dasamahapatra Kanchon K. , Morecroft Mike D. , Thomas Chris D. , Hill Jane K. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Variation in insect size is often related to temperature during development and may affect the persistence of populations under future climate warming if smaller individuals have reduced fitness. Montane species are particularly vulnerable to climate‐driven local extinctions due to range retractions at their warm range margins, and so we examined spatial and temporal variation in body size in the butterfly Erebia epiphron (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in the United Kingdom, where it is restricted to two montane regions in England and Scotland. We examined spatial and temporal variation in body size in relation to temperature.
We sampled 19 populations (6–15 individuals per population) in England and Scotland between 2018 and 2019 spanning elevations from 380 to 720 m and examined museum specimens collected between 1890 and 1980. We examined individual body size (forewing length) and its relationship with the local temperature of sites, as well as temporal variation in body size over the last century in relation to the temperature during larval development.
The forewing lengths of field‐collected individuals in England were on average 7%–8% smaller than in Scotland (England, mean = 14.9 mm, Scotland, mean = 15.9 mm), and warmer sites also had smaller individuals (0.13 mm reduction in wing length per 1°C increase in local site mean temperature). However, we found no effect of temporal temperature variation on body size changes during larval development.
The observed smaller body size in English populations could have impacts on fecundity and dispersal ability. Future work should seek to understand the life‐cycle lengths, genetics and phenotypic plasticity of these two populations to evaluate potential explanations for regional differences.
Creep damage evolution by cavity nucleation and growth considering the cavity closure under cyclic loading conditions
Authors: Xu Le , Cheng Lv‐Yi , Li Kai‐Shang , Suzuki Ken , Miura Hideo , Wang Run‐Zi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCreep damage assessment is crucial for ensuring the long‐term reliability of key components operating at high temperatures. However, the existing studies on creep damage are mainly focused on constant loading conditions, while the effect of cyclic loading, which is a common loading mode in practice, remains unclear. In this paper, a series of stress‐controlled cyclic creep tests on the Inconel 718 superalloy were performed to investigate the influence of cyclic loading on creep damage evolution. The ex‐situ microstructural analyses, including fracture surface observations and EBSD measurements, were conducted to reveal the damage mechanisms under cyclic creep conditions. Furthermore, a cavity nucleation and growth model that accounts for the additional cavity closure was developed for the healing effect of cyclic creep damage evolution. The prediction results were consistent with the experimental data of cavity nucleation life and experimental life within a factor of 2.
A novel composite edible film based on quince seed gel and whey protein concentrate as affected by transglutaminase crosslinking
Authors: Gürbüz Zeynep , Şengül Mustafa , Erkaya‐Kotan Tuba , Sarıcaoğlu Furkan Türker 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThe development of edible films, which serve as a safe alternative to synthetic polymers by utilising by‐products from the agricultural industry, has become a focus of research as they contribute to the sustainable use of resources. In the present study, quince seed gel (QSG) and whey protein concentrate (WPC) (1:1 w/w) were used as base components to develop edible films using glycerol as a plasticiser. The proteins were sonicated to denature and then the proteins were modified by cross‐linking with the enzyme transglutaminase (TGase). The thickness, moisture content, solubility, permeability and digestibility of each edible films were investigated. In addition to the morphological, mechanical, optical, thermal and structural properties, the edible films were further characterised. The thickness, moisture, water vapour and oxygen permeability and the water solubility of the films were positively influenced by the cross‐linking and the digestibility of proteins decreased with the cross‐linking. A remarkable change in the secondary structures was observed in the FTIR spectra of the films. The stronger networks and their smooth surface of crosslinked films were confirmed by AFM images. The results of this research shows that QSG/WPC films cross‐linked with TGase have potential for use in food packaging systems due to their advantages and may be an attractive alternative to synthetic materials in further studies.
Exploring the role of cognitive load in faking prevention using the dual task paradigm
Authors: Rasheed Sabah , Robie Chet 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOrganizations are increasingly employing personality assessments as part of their selection processes due to their predictive value for job‐related outcomes. However, applicant faking can undermine the validity of such measures. This study explored a novel faking prevention method using the dual task paradigm. Respondents in the dual task conditions memorized a series of five or seven digits while attempting to fake their responses on a personality measure. Their results were compared with a no dual task condition in which respondents were also instructed to fake. Our results revealed that faking performance was limited, and criterion‐related validity was improved in the dual task conditions compared with the no dual task condition. The practical implications and future directions for this initial proof of concept are discussed.
Effectiveness of interventions for the prevention or management of workplace violence in student nurses during clinical placement: A systematic review
Authors: Dafny Hila Ariela , Waheed Nasreena , Cabilan C. J. , Johnston Sandra , Pearson Vincent , Adams Anne Mette , Phillips Craig , Brown Shannon , McCloud Christine 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo systematically investigate the effectiveness of interventions for managing workplace violence experienced by registered nursing students during clinical placement.DesignA systematic review of experimental studies.MethodsThe review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. The key search concepts such as “Nursing students”, “Education”, “workplace violence”, “clinical placement” and “clinical study” were inspected to identify relevant articles (Appendix A). Two independent reviewers completed screening, critical appraisal and data extraction. Due to heterogeneity among the included studies, results were synthesized narratively.Data SourcesMEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Web of Science Core Collection (Clarivate Analytics), Scopus (Elsevier), Embase (Ovid), Cochrane CENTRAL, ERIC (ProQuest), ProQuest Central and ProQuest Social Science Premium Collection were searched from inception to 27th February 2023.ResultsA total of 13 studies were included in this review. The predominant intervention for managing workplace violence experienced by registered nursing students during clinical placements was education. Approaches varied among studies and included didactic teaching, e‐learning, role‐playing and simulation practice. The included studies showed uncertain improvements in registered nursing students' confidence, coping skills, knowledge, competence and self‐efficacy in dealing with workplace violence during clinical placements. Only one study assessed the incidence rate of workplace violence and found that a multi‐faceted intervention involving both staff and students decreased the incidence.ConclusionGiven the heterogeneity of educational interventions, the effect of interventions for managing workplace violence during students' clinical placement is uncertain. To address this gap, high‐quality, proactive and combined interventions at both institutional and organizational levels are needed.
Behavioural interventions to treat anxiety in adults with autism and moderate to severe intellectual disabilities: The BEAMS‐ID feasibility study
Authors: Langdon Peter E. , Apanasionok Magdalena M. , Scripps Emma , Barrowcliff Alastair , Biswas Asit , Bunning Karen , Burbidge Cheryl , Byron‐Daniel Katherine , Cookson Alex , Croom Sarah , Filipczuk Malwina , Gillespie David , Hastings Richard P. , Jahoda Andrew , McNamara Rachel , Patterson Lawrence , Rai Dheeraj , Steward Robyn , Gray Kylie M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this feasibility study was to adapt and model a behavioural intervention for anxiety with autistic adults with moderate to severe intellectual disabilities.MethodTwenty‐eight autistic adults with moderate or severe intellectual disabilities, 37 carers, and 40 therapists took part in this single‐group non‐randomised feasibility study designed to test intervention feasibility and acceptability, outcome measures, and research processes.ResultsThe intervention was judged as feasible and acceptable by autistic adults with intellectual disabilities, carers, and therapists. Minor intervention revisions were suggested. Carers completed 100% of outcome measures and the missing data rate was low. Complying with legislation governing the inclusion of participants who lack capacity to decide whether they wanted to take part in this study led to an average 5‐week enrolment delay.ConclusionThe intervention and associated study processes were judged to be feasible and acceptable and should now be tested within a larger randomised trial.
Association of xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor use with insulin secretory capacity in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kitamura Atsushi , Kurajoh Masafumi , Miki Yuya , Kakutani Yoshinori , Yamazaki Yuko , Ochi Akinobu , Morioka Tomoaki , Mori Katsuhito , Shoji Tetsuo , Emoto Masanori 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTAim/IntroductionXanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) inhibitor treatment, which reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and increases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, has been reported to improve glycemic control. The possible protective effects of XOR inhibitor treatment on insulin secretory capacity were investigated in patients with type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective cross‐sectional study included 428 patients with type 2 diabetes. Insulin secretory capacity was assessed based on fasting serum C‐peptide concentration (CPR) and C‐peptide index (CPI) in all subjects, while insulin resistance in non‐insulin users (n = 312) was determined using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) index.ResultsMedian values for CPR and CPI in all subjects were 2.4 ng/mL and 1.5, respectively, while that for HOMA‐IR in non‐insulin users was 3.2. The XOR inhibitor users (n = 72) had significantly (P < 0.001) higher CPR and CPI levels than non‐users (n = 356). Multivariable regression analyses showed XOR inhibitor use was positively associated with CPR (β = 0.153, P = 0.001) and CPI (β = 0.144, P = 0.001). Similar results were observed in propensity score analyses. In subgroup analyses of patients with a preserved estimated glomerular filtration rate (≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2) and non‐insulin users, these associations remained significant. Furthermore, the associations were significant in patients with lower (≤6.0 mg/dL) but not with higher (>6.0 mg/dL) uric acid levels (P for interaction <0.05). On the other hand, XOR inhibitor use showed no significant association with HOMA‐IR.ConclusionsThe results of XOR inhibitor treatment, especially a sufficient reduction in serum uric acid level, may provide protective effects on insulin secretory capacity in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Skin and systemic inflammation in adults with atopic dermatitis before and after whole‐body topical betamethasone 17‐valerate 0.1% or tacrolimus 0.1% treatment: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Gether Lise , Linares Helena P. I , Kezic Sanja , Jakasa Ivone , Forman Julie , Sørensen Ole E. , Storgaard Heidi , Skov Lone , Røpke Mads A. , Knop Filip K. , Thyssen Jacob P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is mainly driven by type 2 inflammation and often treated with topical agents. Studies comparing differences in biomarkers between these treatments are lacking.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of topical betamethasone 17‐valerate 0.1% and tacrolimus 0.1% ointment on skin barrier function and inflammatory biomarkers in skin and blood in adults with AD.MethodsIn this randomized parallel‐group double‐blind double‐dummy active‐comparator study design, 36 adults with AD were treated with either whole‐body topical corticosteroid (betamethasone ointment 0.1% plus placebo once daily, n = 18) or calcineurin inhibitor (tacrolimus ointment 0.1% twice daily, n = 18). At baseline, after 2 weeks of daily treatment and after further 4 weeks of twice‐weekly maintenance treatment, we evaluated AD severity, levels of natural moisturizing factor (NMF) and cytokines in the skin and blood and characterized circulating T cells.ResultsMean AD severity at baseline corresponded to moderate disease and decreased significantly in both groups. Levels of NMF increased significantly in the tacrolimus group after 2 weeks of treatment (p = 0.002) and tended to increase more than betamethasone at week 6 (p = 0.06). Most skin cytokines decreased with both treatments. However, IL‐8, IL‐18, IL‐22, IP‐10, MDC, MMP‐9 and TARC were significantly more decreased with betamethasone than tacrolimus after 2 weeks, while after 6 weeks this was only the case for IL‐8 and MMP‐9. Approximate half of the systemic cytokines decreased significantly with both treatments, but betamethasone decreased MDC significantly more after 2 weeks of treatment. T‐cell characterization analyses indicated slight differences in the expression and activation of T cells between groups.ConclusionsTopical treatment of AD with betamethasone and tacrolimus ointment effectively reduced disease severity, cutaneous and systemic inflammatory markers. Betamethasone was more effective in decreasing inflammation, but tacrolimus improved skin hydration (NMF levels) more than betamethasone.
The color‐matching ability of single‐shade universal composites in extracted human teeth
Authors: Koi Kiyono , Amaya‐Pajares Silvia P. , Kawashima Satoki , Arora Garima , Ferracane Jack , Watanabe Hidehiko 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the color‐match with extracted natural teeth of three single‐shade universal composites, a group‐shade universal composite, and a highly translucent‐shade conventional composite.MethodsTwenty extracted human teeth were divided into light‐ and dark‐shade groups (n = 10, LSG and DSG). A preparation was restored with the 3 single‐shade universal composites, OMNICHROMA (OMC), Admira Fusion x‐tra U (AFU), and Essentia U (ESU); a highly translucent‐shade conventional composite, Tetric EvoCeram T (TEC‐T); and two shades of a group‐shade universal composite—Filtek Universal Restorative (FUR A1 and A4). Composites were photopolymerized, polished, and stored in water for 24 h. The ΔE00 value between the unprepared and restored surfaces was obtained using a spectrophotometer. Composite placement and measurements were repeated three times per tooth. Color differences were statistically analyzed with the within‐between‐subjects t‐test and repeated‐measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by post hoc pairwise comparisons with a Bonferroni adjustment (α = 0.05).ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences between OMC and FUR (A1 and A4). AFU and ESU showed significantly higher ΔE00 values than OMC and TEC‐T (p < 0.05). Single‐shade composites exhibited significantly higher ΔE00 values in the DSG than in the LSG except ESU (p < 0.05). None of the composites satisfied the criteria for an acceptable match (ΔE00 >1.8).ConclusionOMC showed the same color matching ability as a group‐shade universal composite. A highly translucent‐shade conventional composite and OMC exhibited better color matching ability than other single‐shade composites. Overall, single‐shade universal composites performed better in lighter‐shaded teeth.Clinical SignificanceSingle‐shade universal composites have the potential to reduce chair time by eliminating shade selection in cavities with lighter‐shade teeth. Highly translucent incisal conventional composites also may be used if the appropriate shade of composite is not available.
Supraspinal glycinergic neurotransmission in pain: A scoping review of current literature
Authors: Fenech Caitlin , Winters Bryony L. , Otsu Yo , Aubrey Karin R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe neurotransmitter glycine is an agonist at the strychnine‐sensitive glycine receptors. In addition, it has recently been discovered to act at two new receptors, the excitatory glycine receptor and metabotropic glycine receptor. Glycine's neurotransmitter roles have been most extensively investigated in the spinal cord, where it is known to play essential roles in pain, itch, and motor function. In contrast, less is known about supraspinal glycinergic functions, and their contributions to pain circuits are largely unrecognized. As glycinergic neurons are absent from cortical regions, a clearer understanding of how supraspinal glycine modulates pain could reveal new pharmacological targets. This review aims to synthesize the published research on glycine's role in the adult brain, highlighting regions where glycine signaling may modulate pain responses. This was achieved through a scoping review methodology identifying several key regions of supraspinal pain circuitry where glycine signaling is involved. Therefore, this review unveils critical research gaps for supraspinal glycine's potential roles in pain and pain‐associated responses, encouraging researchers to consider glycinergic neurotransmission more widely when investigating neural mechanisms of pain.image
Symptom clusters and sentinel symptoms in breast cancer survivors based on self‐reported outcomes:A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Lu Xiaomeng , Geng Wenhui , Liu Fengxia , Yin Yunteng , Yin Junpu , Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Lei , Li Shanshan , Li Mengmeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate symptom clusters and sentinel symptoms in breast cancer survivors based on self‐reported outcomes, explore the impact of sentinel symptoms on patients' quality of life and psychological distress, provide a basis for implementing accurate symptom management.DesignA cross‐sectional survey.MethodsThe study was conducted from September 2021 to December 2022. We recruited 281 patients who were re‐examined in an outpatient department of a tertiary hospital in Hebei Province. The European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality‐of‐Life Questionnaire ‐ Core30 (QLQ‐C30), the EORTC Quality‐of‐Life Questionnaire Breast Cancer ‐ 23 (QLQ‐BR23), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to conduct the survey. Symptom clusters were explored using principal component analysis, sentinel symptoms were explored using the Apriori algorithm. Correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between sentinel symptoms and quality of life, correlation with psychological distress. This paper adhered to the STROBE guidelines.ResultsBreast cancer survivors have a wide range of self‐reported symptoms in the form of four symptom clusters: a fatigue symptom cluster, a gastrointestinal symptom cluster, a sickness symptom cluster and a surgical trauma‐related symptom cluster. Three sentinel symptoms were explored: pain, alopecia and limited function of the upper limbs. Except for sexual function, all of the sentinel symptoms were negatively correlated with patients' quality of life and positively correlated with psychological distress (p < .05).ConclusionsBreast cancer survivors have a variety of symptoms in the form of four symptom clusters. Pain, alopecia and limited function of the upper limbs are the sentinel symptoms, which affect patients' quality of life and psychological distress.
Fabrication of a retentive occlusal device with minimal soft tissue coverage for overdenture implant abutments
Authors: Chen Jimmy , Handel Steven E. , Kim Kyung , Sabol Jennifer V. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNocturnal parafunction is deleterious to the existing dentition and can create a unique dilemma when natural dentition opposes overdenture attachments. This situation can cause mutual destruction of the teeth and attachments, potentially making the attachments and prostheses unusable. This technique presents an innovative approach to protect overdenture attachments from the opposing natural dentition with a prosthesis that has less surface area coverage when compared to the daily prosthesis.