bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diseño de un sistema de semaforización electrónico
Authors: Luz Luz David , Mendigaña Figueredo Jhon E. 
Published: January 2015

El artículo es producto del proyecto de grado titulado “Diseño de un sistema de semaforización electrónico desarrollado en la empresa de gaseosas Colombiana del Sur” y se sustentó en el 2010 en la Facultad Tecnológica de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. El sistema está conformado por dos sensores TrafiCam® (sensores de presencia vehicular), basados en la tecnología de video detección probada a nivel mundial, que cuenta con una cámara (blanco y negro)CMOS e interfaz de comunicación por RS485 o USB, junto con un sistema de control programado y diseñado con microcontroladores PSoC (Programable System on Chip) que se adapta a las necesidades de las TrafiCam y los requerimientos para el flujo adecuado de vehículos y peatones dentro de la compañía. El aporte más importante producto de esta investigación es que las cámaras que hacen parte del sistema diseñado tienen la capacidad de detección en tiempo real de objetos (vehículos) en reposo y movimiento que intervengan en el bucle virtual.
Identificación y cuantificación de pérdidas de sacarosa en el efluente final del proceso de elaboración de azúcar en el ingenio azucarero Riopaila Castilla (planta Castilla)
Authors: Corrales Correa Efrén , Garzón García Guillermo 
Published: January 2015

El artículo es producto del proyecto de grado titulado “Identificación y cuantificación de pérdidas de sacarosa en el efluente final del proceso de elaboración de azúcar en un ingenio azucarero” desarrollado en la Universidad Santiago de Cali. El objetivo del proyecto fue la identificación y cuantificación de pérdidas de sacarosa en el efluente de elaboración del Ingenio Riopaila Castilla, planta Castilla. El problema de investigación surgió del interés en aprovechar la gran cantidad de sacarosa que se pierde en el proceso de elaboración del azúcar con un valor aproximado de $1500 millones por año. Los resultados de investigación fueron: una disminución de pérdidas de sacarosa que posiciona al ingenio en el primer lugar con las pérdidas de sacarosa más bajas de todo el sector azucarero en Colombia; la creación de seis nuevos puestos de trabajo (inspectores de pérdidas); disminución del impacto ambiental con la reducción de sacarosa contaminante en el efluente final; y un mejor manejo en el control de la sacarosa en el efluente final.
Kinetics of Tertiary Reaction of HF on Alumino-Silicates
Authors: Gdanski Rick 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The standard description of HF acidizing chemistry clearly demonstrates a primary and secondary reaction of HF with alumino-silicates.1 Field experience has taught our industry that possible precipitation during the secondary reaction can adversely affect treatment success.2 This statement has been particularly true in formations with high K-feldspar content or formations having temperatures above 300°F. Recent work has also reported the existence of a third, or tertiary reaction of HF with alumino-silicates.3
This paper reports how the rate law and kinetics for this tertiary reaction are determined on kaolinite and feldspar over a broad temperature range. This document also discusses the discovery of how most clays were thermally unstable to HC1 at temperatures above 250°F. These findings were made possible by recently applied experimental techniques including l9FNMR Spectroscopy,3 fractional pore volume flow experiments,4 and an accurate knowledge of the HF stoichiometry.5
The tertiary reaction of aluminum fluorides, AlFx (where x is the average F/Al ratio), with clay was slow below 200°F and was dominated by HC1 decomposition of the clay above 250°F. The tertiary reaction required the presence and consumption of acid to proceed. Feldspars were very stable in HC1 at all temperatures while every clay tested had a temperature above which it was easily decomposed by HC1. Ion-exchanging clays tended to be the least stable of the clays, while kaolinite was the most stable clay.
Cheiloscopy, Palatoscopy and Odontometrics in Sex Prediction and Dis-crimination - a Comparative Study
Authors: V Nagalaxmi , Ugrappa Sridevi , M Naga Jyothi , Ch Lalitha , Maloth Kotya Naik , Kodangal Srikanth 
Published: January 2015

Background and Objectives:Human identification is the forensic odontologist’s primary duty in the fields like violent crime, child abuse, elder abuse, missing persons and mass disaster scenarios. In each context, dental traits may produce compelling evidence to aid victim identity, suspect identity and narrow down the outcome of investigative casework. Sometimes it becomes necessary to apply some least known and less popular techniques in identification procedure where lip prints, rugae patterns and canine odontometrics can give us comparatively valid conclusions pertaining to person’s identification. This study elucidates the significance of cheiloscopy, palatoscopy and canine odontometry in sex prediction and discrimination.Materials and Methods:A cross- sectional study involving a total of 60 subjects, 30 males and 30 females were selected from the outpatient department of oral medicine and radiology. Lip prints were recorded using lipstick, palatal impressions were taken with alginate and odontometric measurements were taken with digital vernier calipers from every subject. All the obtained records were analyzed by two observers.Results:Reliability of lip prints was assessed using Kappa coefficient. Comparison of rugae patterns was done using Chi-square test. Mean canine and inter canine width was compared using t test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Statistically significant difference was found with the different lip print patterns analyzed in males and females, while no significant difference was observed in the rugae patterns but a significant difference in the mesio-distal width of mandibular canines in males and females was found with right mandibular canine(3.73%) showing greater sexual dimorphism compared to left mandibular canine(3.06%).Conclusion:This study shows the uniqueness of the lip prints and rugae patterns with the lip prints showing sensitivity of 81.7% giving reliable prediction of sex over palatoscopy. Hence, cheiloscopy along with the canine odontometrics aid in sex determination and can be considered as an ancilliary forensic tool in identification.
Characterization of Priority Substances in Effluents from an Integrated Steelworks in the United Kingdom
Authors: Chen J. , Aries E. , Collins P. , Anderson D. R. , Hodges J. S. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT: In the Water Framework Directive, a list of priority substances that are deemed to be persistent, toxic, and liable to bioaccumulate have been identified. Within this list, a range of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and certain trace metals are relevant to the steel industry. This study summarizes work carried out by Tata Steel Europe (Rotherham, U.K.) to characterize the emissions of PAHs and trace metals from wastewater streams at one of its main integrated steelworks in the United Kingdom over a 3‐year period (2010 to 2012). The emissions inventory revealed that PAH emissions to water were almost entirely attributable to the cokemaking process, with emissions factors ranging from 20 to 55 mg/tonne of coke. Furthermore, analysis of the PAH distribution in coke oven effluents revealed that medium‐ and high‐molecular‐weight PAHs were associated with the suspended solids (particle‐bound). Regarding trace metals, both ironmaking and steelmaking processes were the most important emission sources.
Accounting Conservatism and Creditor Recovery Rate
Authors: Donovan John , Frankel Richard M. , Martin Xiumin 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
We examine the relation between accounting conservatism and creditor recovery rates for firms in default. We also test the link between conservatism and the length of bankruptcy resolutions. We find that creditors of firms with more conservative accounting before default have significantly higher recovery rates, and that this positive relation is more pronounced for default firms that violated covenants before the default. We also find that conservative firms have higher asset productivity, shorter bankruptcy resolution, and a significantly higher probability of emerging from bankruptcy. These results suggest that accounting conservatism preserves firm value, leading to higher creditor recovery upon borrower default.
JEL Classifications: M4; G32; G33; G34.
An Internet-Based Diabetes Management Platform Improves Team Care and Outcomes in an Urban Latino Population
Authors: Welch Garry , Zagarins Sofija E. , Santiago-Kelly Paula , Rodriguez Zoraida , Bursell Sven-Erik , Rosal Milagros C. , Gabbay Robert A. 
Published: January 2015

OBJECTIVE
To compare usual diabetes care (UDC) to a comprehensive diabetes care intervention condition (IC) involving an Internet-based “diabetes dashboard” management tool used by clinicians.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We used a parallel-group randomized design. Diabetes nurses, diabetes dietitians, and providers used the diabetes dashboard as a clinical decision support system to deliver a five-visit, 6-month intervention to 199 poorly controlled (HbA1c &gt;7.5% [58 mmol/mol]) Latino type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients (mean age 55 years, 60% female) at urban community health centers. We compared this intervention to an established, in-house UDC program (n = 200) for its impact on blood glucose control and psychosocial outcomes.

RESULTS
Recruitment and retention rates were 79.0 and 88.5%, respectively. Compared with UDC, more IC patients reached HbA1c targets of &lt;7% (53 mmol/mol; 15.8 vs. 7.0%, respectively, P &lt; 0.01) and &lt;8% (64 mmol/mol; 45.2 vs. 25.3%, respectively, P &lt; 0.001). In multiple linear regression adjusting for baseline HbA1c, adjusted mean ± SE HbA1c at follow-up was significantly lower in the IC compared with the UDC group (P &lt; 0.001; IC 8.4 ± 0.10%; UDC 9.2 ± 0.10%). The results showed lower diabetes distress at follow-up for IC patients (40.4 ± 2.1) as compared with UDC patients (48.3 ± 2.0) (P &lt; 0.01), and also lower social distress (32.2 ± 1.3 vs. 27.2 ± 1.4, P &lt; 0.01). There was a similar, statistically significant (P &lt; 0.01) improvement for both groups in the proportion of patients moving from depressed status at baseline to nondepressed at follow-up (41.8 vs. 40%; no significance between groups).

CONCLUSIONS
The diabetes dashboard intervention significantly improved diabetes-related outcomes among Latinos with poorly controlled T2D compared with a similar diabetes team condition without access to the diabetes dashboard.
Reference values, intertest correlations, and test-retest repeatability of selected tear film tests in healthy cats
Authors: Sebbag Lionel , Kass Philip H. , Maggs David J. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Objective—To determine reference values, intertest correlations, and test-retest repeatability of Schirmer tear test 1 (STT-1), phenol red thread test (PRTT), tear film breakup time (TFBUT), tear osmolarity, and meibometry in healthy cats.
Design—Evaluation study.
Animals—135 healthy domestic cats aged 0.5 to 12.8 years.
Procedures—Each test was performed once in 120 cats and repeated in 40. Pearson correlation was used to assess correlation among tests. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and 95% limits of agreement (LOA) were used to evaluate test-retest repeatability.
Results—Median (95% central range) values were 18 mm/min (9 to 34 mm/min) for STT-1, 29 mm/15 s (15 to 37 mm/15 s) for PRTT, 12.4 seconds (9.1 to 17.7 seconds) for TFBUT, 322 mOsm/L (297 to 364 mOsm/L) for osmolarity, and 32 meibometry units (MU; 11 to 114 MU) for peak meibometry value. The STT-1 and PRTT values were positively correlated. Age was weakly associated with TFBUT and osmolarity. Meibometry measurements were higher for strips that contacted the tear film (285 MU) than for those that touched the eyelid margin only (32 MU). All ICCs were < 0.75, and 95% LOA were wide.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Tear deficiency should be suspected in cats with STT-1 < 9 mm/min, PRTT < 15 mm/15 s, or TFBUT < 9 to 10 seconds. Generally poor correlation among tests suggested that thorough tear film analysis requires performance of multiple tests in concert. Relatively poor test-retest repeatability should be considered when repeated tests are used to monitor tear film dysfunction and response to treatment.
Effect of the Landscape Types on Hunting Selection in Roe Deer (Capreolus Capreolus, Linnaeus 1758) Trophies in Czech Republic
Authors: Engan Jens H. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Czech Republic has a long tradition of hunting, and trophy hunting is important to manage game populations. In this study data was analysed from the five last trophy exhibitions in Czech Republic. Namely, hunter selection, compensatory selection, management selection, hunting pressure selection and depletion selection was tested in different landscape types. In compensatory hunting there is a difference between the landscape types; apparent differences exist between the landscape type with respect to hunting pressure. There was no hunter selection, or depletion selection, and no differences in management between landscape types. This study suggests that the landscape composition has an effect on selective hunting in Czech Republic.
Climatic Characteristics of Forest Vegetation Zones of the Czech Republic
Authors: Macků Jaromír 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Correct derivation of climatic characteristics of forest vegetation zones is the Achilles heel of Forest site classification in the Czech Republic. A combination of low density of climatic stations, and their unsuitable location (in regard to distribution of forest complexes) make obtaining data problematic.
An important contribution to this issue is an application of aladin-climate.cz model materials from the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMI) for the second time period of normal climate years 1961-1990, and the current period from 1991-2009. Calculation of climatic (temperature, precipitation, etc.) fields was conducted on a basis of observation stations. The original station series were subjected to quality control, meaning they were homogenised and supplemented by missing values in measurements. The actual calculation of the technical series is based on the IDW (Inverse Distance Weighting) method; data is used when surrounding stations are first standardised to altitude point, for which we expect a new line, and then calculated a weighted average of new value. The station data were interpolated using the geostatistical linear kriging method.
The outputs are the spatial averages for basic climatic zonal forest vegetation level, occurring in the different Natural Forest Areas (NFA). The individual climate parameters of forest vegetation zones were evaluated by regression analysis. The climate-vegetation segments (CVS) of the Czech Republic, which share similar climatic characteristics of the forest vegetation zones (FVZ), were proposed.
Knowledge, Attitude and Stigma in Epilepsy: A Study From A Tertiary Care Centre in Nepal
Authors: Subedi Sandip , Shyangwa P M , Shakya D R , Pandey A K , Sapkota N 
Published: January 2015

Introduction: Epilepsy is a common health problem which engenders a variety of medical, social, psychological and economic burdens. Stereotyped assumptions about people with conditions such as epilepsy are inherent in many cultures and Nepal is not exception .Better information about epilepsy among the people can remove the stigma associated with it. Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and stigma regarding epilepsy among patients with epilepsy. Methods: It is a hospital based, cross-sectional descriptive study of 47 patients visiting BPKIHS psychiatry OPD. A semi structured Proforma, knowledge attitude questionnaire and the Stigma Scale developed by M. King et.al. Was administered to collect the data. Results: Majority (66.0%) of subjects were male. Generalized seizure (76.6%) was most common presentation. Majority of subjects believed that their disease should be kept secret. Almost 81% subjects thought they could work with persons suffering from epilepsy whereas 23.4% subjects objected even to travel together with them. About 32% subjects felt bad about having epilepsy, 40.4% agreed that they were angry the way people react to their illness, and 76.6% thought that they would have had better chances in life if they did not have epilepsy. Conclusion: Knowledge about epilepsy is still patchy among patients. Despite this, attitude towards epilepsy is generally positive. Still there is significant stigma attached to this illness. These findings call for comprehensive educational program aimed at improving the knowledge and reducing the stigma in the population at large.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v12i1.11979 Health Renaissance 2014;12(1):11-17
Outcome of Women with Previous Cesaerian Section At A Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Agrawal Ajay , Chhetri S , Thakur A , Agrawal S , Basnet P 
Published: January 2015

Background: Pregnant women with previous caesarean section are increasing due to the liberal use of caesarean section in first pregnancy due to multifactorial reason. The risks, benefits, and relative safety of vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) have been subject of interest for well over 100 years. Thus mutual understanding between the treating obstetrician and patient herself is a core towards achieving good maternal and perinatal outcome considering all the risk and benefit in women with previous caesarean section. Objective: The aim was to analyze the maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnant women with previous caesarean section. Methods: In this prospective observational study, 300 women with singleton pregnancy in cephalic presentation with previous one lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) having inter pregnancy interval ≥ 18 months presenting at ≥ 37-41 week period of gestation admitted for delivery were enrolled and various maternal and perinatal outcome were noted. Results: Caesarean delivery rate during the study period was 26.95%. Eighty percent of eligible women opted for trial of labor. Successful vaginal birth after caesarean section was 29%. Elective repeat caesarean delivery was 19.66%. The rate of failed VBAC was 51%. Failed VBAC increased with increasing weight of baby. There was no difference in mean birth weight among patient who had successful VBAC, who refused VBAC and who had failed VBAC. Mode of delivery had no significant effect on the number of neonatal intensive care unit admission and number of still births. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v12i1.11980Health Renaissance 2014;12(1):18-23
Analysis of Snake Bite Victims in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Rao V Dharma , Bickram P , Ramyatha R P , Sumalatha N 
Published: January 2015

Background: Snake-bite is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in tropical countries. In India, there are 216 species of snakes, of which only four (cobra, krait, Russell’s viper and saw scaled viper) are venomous. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the epidemiological profile, clinical features, complications and mortality rate of snake bite victims admitted in a tertiary care hospital in Andhra Pradesh, India. Methods: The study was conducted at Mamata General Hospital, khammam from June 2010 to May 2012. A total of 39 cases with history of snake bite were analysed. Results: Out of 39 cases, majority of the cases were observed in the age group 20-50 year (66%). High incidence of snake bite was observed in males 62%). The common victims were farmers and housewives. The bite was commonly encountered while walking bare foot (30%) followed by while sleeping (14%). Fifty Four percent of victim were bitten during outdoor and agriculture related activities. Maximum number of cases (54%) presented within 12 hour of snake bite and 66% cases had 1-5 days of hospital stay. Majority (82%) were bitten on the legs below knee. Localized oedema at the site of bite was present in 70% victim. Fang/teeth marks were noted in (41%) cases. There were 59% neurotoxic snake bites, 26% haemolytic, 5% mixed and 8% non-poisonous snake bites. Most of the cases developed cellulitis at the site of snake bite (21%), shock (12%), and acute kidney injury (8%). One tenth of the cases required assisted ventilation and overall mortality rate was 8%.Conclusion: Snakebites are still common in the rural population of India. There is need to educate the public about the preventive measures of snake bite, advantages of early hospital referral and treatment.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v12i1.11981 Health Renaissance 2014;12(1):24-28
Measurement of Open Apices in Teeth for Estimation of Age In Children
Authors: Shrestha Ashish , Yadav R P , Shrtestha S , Majarjan I K , Camelio S 
Published: January 2015

Background: Estimation of age has been a major factor in identification of an individual, either living or after death. Objective: To estimate and assess the dental age of children by measuring the open apices of the teeth using panoramic radiograph applying linear regression equation. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted on 50 children (25 boys and 25 girls) aged between 5-15 years. The seven left permanent mandibular teeth were assessed using panoramic radiographs which were collected from Medical Record Department, Manipal University, taken during the course of diagnosis and treatment. The number of teeth with closed apical and with open apical end of roots were examined and measured. The values were tabulated and placed on the linear regression equation proposed by Cameriere et al for the estimation of dental age. Result: The result showed no significant difference between the dental age (10.13±1.69 years) and the chronological age (10.31±1.75 years) (p=0.26). The method underestimated the mean age by 0.11 years and 0.23 years for the boys and girls, respectively. The paired sample t- test showed no significant difference between dental age and chronological age for boys (p=0.546) as well as for girls (p=0.351) Conclusion: The estimated age of children by measuring the open apices of the teeth using panoramic radiograph linear regression equation used in the European subjects closely matches with the chronological age in Asian subjects also. Keeping in context to validate more accurately the significance of linear regression equation, there is a need of larger sample size belonging to variety of ethnic and socioeconomic background.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v12i1.11983Health Renaissance 2014;12(1):33-37