bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moonshot. Long shot. Or sure shot. What needs to happen to realize the full potential of AI in the fertility sector?
Authors: Letterie Gerard 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Quality healthcare requires two critical components: patients’ best interests and best decisions to achieve that goal. The first goal is the lodestar, unchanged and unchanging over time. The second component is a more dynamic and rapidly changing paradigm in healthcare. Clinical decision-making has transitioned from an opinion-based paradigm to an evidence-based and data-driven process. A realization that technology and artificial intelligence can bring value adds a third component to the decision process. And the fertility sector is not exempt. The debate about AI is front and centre in reproductive technologies. Launching the transition from a conventional provider-driven decision paradigm to a software-enhanced system requires a roadmap to enable effective and safe implementation. A key nodal point in the ascending arc of AI in the fertility sector is how and when to bring these innovations into the ART routine to improve workflow, outcomes, and bottom-line performance. The evolution of AI in other segments of clinical care would suggest that caution is needed as widespread adoption is urged from several fronts. But the lure and magnitude for the change that these tech tools hold for fertility care remain deeply engaging. Exploring factors that could enhance thoughtful implementation and progress towards a tipping point (or perhaps not) should be at the forefront of any ‘next steps’ strategy. The objective of this Opinion is to discuss four critical areas (among many) considered essential to successful uptake of any new technology. These four areas include value proposition, innovative disruption, clinical agency, and responsible computing.
Implications of von Willebrand Factor in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Beyond Bleeding and Thrombosis
Authors: Lagrange Jérémy , Ahmed Muhammad Usman , Arnone Djésia , Lacolley Patrick , Regnault Véronique , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent , Denis Cécile V 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) displays an increased venous and arterial thrombotic risk despite the common occurrence of intestinal bleeding. While some of the mechanisms leading to these thrombotic complications have been studied, other specific changes in the hemostasis profile of IBD patients have been less explored. One such example relates to von Willebrand factor (VWF) whose plasma levels have been reported to be modulated in IBD. Von Willebrand factor is a plasma glycoprotein crucial for hemostatic functions via roles both in platelet function and coagulation. High plasma VWF is a known risk factor for venous thromboembolism. In addition to its canonical roles in hemostasis, VWF is known to be directly or indirectly involved in other vascular processes such as maintenance of endothelial barrier integrity or proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. The purpose of this review is to recapitulate and update the existing data about VWF biology in IBD and to highlight its role both in the existing procoagulant phenotype and in vascular alterations that may occur in IBD.
A simple and easy-to-implement battery equalization strategy for photovoltaic-battery energy storage systems
Authors: Mao Yuexuan , Zhu Qingxiao , Fang Xuekao , Paul Williams 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
For renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic (PV), energy storage systems should be prioritized as they smooth the output well. Although lithium-ion battery energy storage systems are favored for their excellent performance, the large number of batteries connected in series and parallel may lead to inconsistent battery packs, which can cause system problems. Therefore, battery equalization techniques should be employed. This article proposes a battery equalization technique suitable for PV battery energy storage systems. In terms of the equalization circuit, we propose an equalization circuit consisting of a switch-selective circuit and a Cuk circuit, which is simple and easy to expand; in terms of the equalization strategy, we adopt a highly robust fuzzy logic control to better adapt to PV battery energy storage systems, we developed a set of control rules suitable for this equalization strategy. We have investigated the principle of the proposed battery equalization technique and verified it experimentally during the battery pack's resting, charging, and discharging. The consistency of the battery pack is significantly improved as a result.
Genomic Epidemiology and Evolution of Rhinovirus in Western Washington State, 2021–2022
Authors: Goya Stephanie , Wendm Seffir T , Xie Hong , Nguyen Tien V , Barnes Sarina , Shankar Rohit R , Sereewit Jaydee , Cruz Kurtis , Pérez-Osorio Ailyn C , Mills Margaret G , Greninger Alexander L 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Human rhinoviruses (RVs) primarily cause the common cold, but infection outcomes vary from subclinical to severe cases, including asthma exacerbations and fatal pneumonia in individuals who are immunocompromised. To date, therapeutic strategies have been hindered by the high diversity of serotypes. Global surveillance efforts have traditionally focused on sequencing VP1 or VP2/VP4 genetic regions, leaving gaps in our understanding of RV genomic diversity.

Methods
We sequenced 1078 RV genomes from nasal swabs of symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals to explore viral evolution during 2 epidemiologically distinct periods in Washington State: when the COVID-19 pandemic affected the circulation of other seasonal respiratory viruses except for RV (February–July 2021) and when the seasonal viruses reemerged with the severe outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza (November–December 2022). We constructed maximum likelihood and BEAST phylodynamic trees to characterize intragenotype evolution.

Results
We detected 99 of 168 known genotypes and observed intergenotypic recombination and genotype cluster swapping from 2021 to 2022. We found a significant association between the presence of symptoms and viral load but not with RV species or genotype. Phylodynamic trees, polyprotein selection pressure, and Shannon entropy revealed cocirculation of divergent clades within genotypes with high amino acid constraints throughout the polyprotein.

Conclusions
Our study underscores the dynamic nature of RV genomic epidemiology within a localized geographic region, as &gt;20% of existing genotypes within each RV species cocirculated each studied month. Our findings also emphasize the importance of investigating correlations between RV genotypes and serotypes to understand long-term immunity and cross-protection.
Necrotising fasciitis, invasive Group A Streptococcus (iGAS) infection; a case series of 8 patients requiring surgical debridement in one trauma unit within 9 months
Authors: Salim Omar-Adam , Hillier-Smith Ryan , Ardolino Antonella 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Necrotising fasciitis (NF) is a rare but life-threatening skin and soft tissue infection. It requires urgent surgical debridement. The most common cause of monomicrobial NF is invasive Group A Streptococcus (IGAS). We present eight patients who were all treated in a single trauma unit within a 9-month period. All cases required surgical debridement and had positive microbiology testing for IGAS. The eight patients did not present typically for NF, nor did they all have typical risk factors for the development of NF. The in-hospital mortality rate was 37.5%. This series represents an epidemiological spike of IGAS infections causing NF. The findings from this series could inform future practice if similar spikes were to be encountered.
Atraumatic splenic rupture as first presentation of hairy cell leukaemia—a case report
Authors: Wood Phoebe C , Simpson Fraser H , Lehane Katie , Yuide Peter , Franz Robert 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Atraumatic splenic rupture is a complex surgical pathology owing to its rarity, non-specificity of symptoms and gravity of possible outcomes. This case outlines the investigation and management of a patient with atraumatic splenic rupture secondary to undiagnosed hairy cell leukaemia. While the patient was initially managed conservatively, they went on to have a splenectomy owing to ongoing transfusion requirements. A review of the literature has also been performed and presented to highlight the potential causes of atraumatic splenic rupture and the various options for confirming diagnosis and definitive management.
Fragmentation in the European and Inter-American Human Rights Courts Regarding the Scope of Religious Autonomy: An Analysis of the Use of Sources and Methodologies
Authors: García Escobar Gabriela 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Fragmentation in International Human Rights Law (IHRL) may affect the universality of human rights norms and their legitimacy. This article analyses a recent case of contradiction between the European and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACHR) regarding employment contracts of religious education teachers and the scope of religious autonomy. These courts reached contradictory conclusions on key substantive issues because they used different ways of framing the issue at stake, and different legal sources and interpretative methodologies. The analysis reveals that while the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) relied on the use of comparative law, a test of proportionality, and the margin of appreciation, the IACHR relied mainly on American domestic law and the opinions of two expert witnesses. In this case, the IACHR could learn from the approach of the ECHR to develop a more rigorous legal methodology in order to keep the coherence of the international legal system.
Association of Positive, Negative, and Disorganized Schizotypy With the Temporal Dynamics of Schizotypic Experiences in Daily Life
Authors: Kemp Kathryn C , Sperry Sarah H , Hernández Laura , Barrantes-Vidal Neus , Kwapil Thomas R 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
Schizotypy is a useful and unifying construct for examining the etiology, development, and expression of schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology. The positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy dimensions are associated with distinct patterns of schizophrenia-spectrum symptoms and impairment. Furthermore, they are differentiated by mean levels of psychotic-like, suspicious, negative, and disorganized schizotypic experiences in daily life, and by temporal dynamics of affect. The schizotypy dimensions were thus hypothesized to be differentiated by the temporal dynamics of schizotypic experiences in daily life.

Study Design
The present study employed experience sampling methodology in a large nonclinically ascertained sample (n = 693) to examine the associations of multidimensional schizotypy with psychotic-like, suspicious, negative, and disorganized schizotypic experiences in daily life, as well as with their temporal dynamics (variability, reactivity, inertia, and instability).

Study Results
We replicated the mean-level associations between multidimensional schizotypy and schizotypic experiences in daily life. Furthermore, positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy demonstrated hypothesized, differential patterns of temporal dynamics of schizotypic experiences. Disorganized schizotypy demonstrated the most robust associations, including intensity, variability, and inertia of disorganized schizotypic experiences. Disorganized schizotypy also moderated reactivity of psychotic-like and disorganized schizotypic experiences following previously reported stress. Positive schizotypy was associated with intensity and variability of psychotic-like experiences. Negative schizotypy was associated with intensity and variability of negative schizotypic experiences.

Conclusions
The findings indicate that schizotypy dimensions can be differentiated by both mean levels and temporal patterns of psychotic-like, suspicious, negative, and disorganized schizotypic experiences in daily life, with disorganized schizotypy uniquely characterized by stress reactivity.
A 10-year mono-center study on patients with burns ≥70% TBSA: prediction model construction and multicenter validation – retrospective cohort
Authors: Huang Runzhi , Yao Yuntao , Li Linhui , Tong Xirui , Liu Yifan , Li Junqiang , Xu Dayuan , Wu Minjuan , Chang Zhengyan , Xu Long , Xian Shuyuan , Xie Sujie , Zhang Wei , Lu Jianyu , Lu Yuwei , Lu Bingnan , Wang Siqiao , Qian Weijin , Sun Hanlin , Jin Minghao , Huang Jie , Yang Yiting , Zhu Yushu , Li Yuanan , Guo Xinya , Gu Minyi , Jiang Luofeng , Luo Pengfei , Xiao Shichu , Ji Shizhao 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Burn injuries with ≥70% total body surface area (TBSA) are especially acute and life-threatening, leading to severe complications and terrible prognosis, while a powerful model for the prediction of overall survival (OS) is lacking. The objective of this study is to identify prognostic factors for the OS of patients with burn injury ≥70% TBSA and construct and validate a feasible predictive model.

Materials and methods:
Patients diagnosed with burns ≥70% TBSA admitted and treated between 2010 and 2020 in our hospital were included. A cohort of the patients from the Kunshan explosion were assigned as the validation set. The χ
2 test and K-M survival analysis were conducted to identify potential predictors for OS. Then, multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to identify the independent factors. Afterward, we constructed a nomogram to predict OS probability. Finally, the Kunshan cohort was applied as an external validation set.

Results:
Sex, the percentage of third-degree and fourth-degree burns as well as organ dysfunction were identified as significant independent factors. A nomogram only based on the factors of the individuals was built and evidenced to have promising predictive accuracy, accordance, and discrimination by both internal and external validation.

Conclusions:
This study recognized significant influencing factors for the OS of patients with burns ≥70% TBSA. Furthermore, our nomogram proved to be an effective tool for doctors to quickly evaluate patients’ outcomes and make appropriate clinical decisions at an early stage of treatment.
Accelerated High-Resolution Deep Learning Reconstruction Turbo Spin Echo MRI of the Knee at 7 T
Authors: Marth Adrian Alexander , von Deuster Constantin , Sommer Stefan , Feuerriegel Georg Constantin , Goller Sophia Samira , Sutter Reto , Nanz Daniel 
Published: July 2024

Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare the image quality of 7 T turbo spin echo (TSE) knee images acquired with varying factors of parallel-imaging acceleration reconstructed with deep learning (DL)–based and conventional algorithms.

Materials and Methods
This was a prospective single-center study. Twenty-three healthy volunteers underwent 7 T knee magnetic resonance imaging. Two-, 3-, and 4-fold accelerated high-resolution fat-signal-suppressing proton density (PD-fs) and T1-weighted coronal 2D TSE acquisitions with an encoded voxel volume of 0.31 × 0.31 × 1.5 mm3 were acquired. Each set of raw data was reconstructed with a DL-based and a conventional Generalized Autocalibrating Partially Parallel Acquisition (GRAPPA) algorithm. Three readers rated image contrast, sharpness, artifacts, noise, and overall quality. Friedman analysis of variance and the Wilcoxon signed rank test were used for comparison of image quality criteria.

Results
The mean age of the participants was 32.0 ± 8.1 years (15 male, 8 female). Acquisition times at 4-fold acceleration were 4 minutes 15 seconds (PD-fs, Supplemental Video is available at http://links.lww.com/RLI/A938) and 3 minutes 9 seconds (T1, Supplemental Video available at http://links.lww.com/RLI/A939). At 4-fold acceleration, image contrast, sharpness, noise, and overall quality of images reconstructed with the DL-based algorithm were significantly better rated than the corresponding GRAPPA reconstructions (P < 0.001). Four-fold accelerated DL-reconstructed images scored significantly better than 2- to 3-fold GRAPPA-reconstructed images with regards to image contrast, sharpness, noise, and overall quality (P ≤ 0.031). Image contrast of PD-fs images at 2-fold acceleration (P = 0.087), image noise of T1-weighted images at 2-fold acceleration (P = 0.180), and image artifacts for both sequences at 2- and 3-fold acceleration (P ≥ 0.102) of GRAPPA reconstructions were not rated differently than those of 4-fold accelerated DL-reconstructed images. Furthermore, no significant difference was observed for all image quality measures among 2-fold, 3-fold, and 4-fold accelerated DL reconstructions (P ≥ 0.082).

Conclusions
This study explored the technical potential of DL-based image reconstruction in accelerated 2D TSE acquisitions of the knee at 7 T. DL reconstruction significantly improved a variety of image quality measures of high-resolution TSE images acquired with a 4-fold parallel-imaging acceleration compared with a conventional reconstruction algorithm.
Decision-making Considerations in Revisional Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Chen Sheena , Chiang Jessica , Ghanem Omar , Ferzli George 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
With drastic variations in bariatric practices, consensus is lacking on an optimal approach for revisional bariatric surgeries.

Materials and Methods:
The authors reviewed and consolidated bariatric surgery literature to provide specific revision suggestions based on each index surgery, including adjustable gastric band (AGB), sleeve gastrectomy (SG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS), single anastomosis duodenal-ileal bypass with sleeve (SADI-S), one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), and vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG).

Results:
AGB has the highest weight recurrence rate and can be converted to RYGB, SG, and BPD-DS. After index SG, common surgical options include a resleeve or RYGB. The RYGB roux limb can be distalized and pouch resized in context of reflux, and the entire anatomy can be revised into BPD-DS. Data analyzing revisional surgery after a single anastomosis duodenal-ileal bypass with sleeve was limited. In patients with one anastomosis gastric bypass and vertical banded gastroplasty anatomy, most revisions were the conversion to RYGB.

Conclusions:
As revisional bariatric surgery becomes more common, the best approach depends on the patient’s indication for surgery and preexisting anatomy.
U-shaped Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Related Functional Decline
Authors: Kanejima Yuji , Ogawa Masato , Ishihara Kodai , Yoshida Naofumi , Nakai Michikazu , Kanaoka Koshiro , Sumita Yoko , Emoto Takuo , Sakai Yoshitada , Iwanaga Yoshitaka , Miyamoto Yoshihiro , Yamashita Tomoya , Hirata Kenichi , Izawa Kazuhiro P. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has a high mortality rate, and even if patients survive, they are likely to have severe disability. Body mass index (BMI) is associated with ICH risk, and extremely low and high BMIs are associated with the site of ICH, which affects functional decline. However, few reports exist on ICH-related functional decline and BMI. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between BMI and stroke-related disability of patients with ICH.METHODSPatients with ICH registered in the Japanese Registry Of All Cardiac and Vascular Diseases Diagnosis Procedure Combination (JROAD-DPC) database from April 2016 to March 2020 were included. BMI was defined according to the World Health Organization Asia-Pacific classification. Functional disability was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). ICH-related functional decline was defined as an increase in mRS score at discharge compared with that of the pre-stroke assessment.RESULTSThis study included 155,211 patients with ICH whose median age was 72.0 years and mean BMI was 22.3 kg/m2. The ratio of patients with ICH who experience functional decline was 74.9%. The spline curve between BMI and ICH-related functional decline was U-shaped, revealing that the Normal to Obese I BMI groups (BMI: 22.2–30.4 kg/m2) exhibited reduced odds ratios for ICH-related functional decline. Hospitalization cost and BMI showed similar U-shaped patterns, with a BMI of 25.0 kg/m2as the lowest point, regardless of age group.CONCLUSIONIn patients with ICH, those with both extremely low and high BMIs were more likely to experience functional decline after ICH onset, which resulted in increased hospitalization costs. To reduce ICH-related functional decline, patients should be managed at a normal to slightly obese BMI.
Differential Antibody Response To Polysaccharide Vaccines Following Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation; A Dynamical Systems Perspective
Authors: Zelikson Viktoriya , Khan Maheen , Horton Morgan , Ho Thuy , Roberts Catherine , Toor Amir 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBacterial polysaccharide vaccination is generally commenced within 6 months to 1 year following SCT. Antibody responses to these vaccines tend to be variable, raising concerns for inadequate protection from infection and the potential for repeated vaccination. This landmark analysis was performed to evaluate pathogen specific antibody titers, as well as helper T cell and B cell recovery from transplant and post-vaccination amongst patients surviving at least 6 months post allogeneic SCT. Antibody titers to various pneumococcal serotypes and Hemophilus influenza type B (HiB) followed a Power Law distribution in each individual at all time points evaluated. Distinct serotype vaccine responses were observed and antibody titer hierarchy developed early after vaccination and was maintained over time. When B cell recovery was modeled as a function of helper T cell reconstitution over time, the robustness of the antibody response was dependent on threshold values of cellular immune recovery. These suggest that antibody responses are a highly regulated dynamical system.
Measuring the effect of RFID and Marker Recognition tags on cockroach behaviour using AI aided tracking
Authors: McLean Callum J , Fisher David N 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRFID technology and marker recognition algorithms can offer an efficient and non-intrusive means of tracking animal positions. As such, they have become important tools for invertebrate behavioural research. Both approaches require fixing a tag or marker to the study organism, and so it is useful to quantify the effects such procedures have on behaviour before proceeding with further research. However, frequently studies do not report doing such tests. Here, we demonstrate a time-efficient and accessible method for quantifying the impact of tagging on individual movement using open-source automated video tracking software. We tested the effect of RFID tags and tags suitable for marker recognition algorithms on the movement of Argentinian wood roaches (Blapicta dubia) by filming tagged and untagged roaches in laboratory conditions. We employed DeepLabCut on the resultant videos to track cockroach movement and extract measures of behavioural traits. We found no statistically significant differences between RFID tagged and untagged groups in average speed over the trial period, the number of unique zones explored, and the number of discrete walks. However, groups that were tagged with labels for marker recognition had significantly higher values for all three metrics. We therefore support the use of RFID tags to monitor the behaviour ofB. dubiabut note that the effect of using labels suitable for label recognition to identify individuals should be taken into consideration when measuringB.dubiabehaviour. We hope that this study can provide an accessible and viable roadmap for further work investigating the effects of tagging on insect behaviour.