bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The involvement of AMPK/GSK3-beta signals in the control of metastasis and proliferation in hepato-carcinoma cells treated with anthocyanins extracted from Korea wild berry Meoru
Authors: Park Song Yi , Lee Yun-Kyoung , Lee Won Sup , Park Ock Jin , Kim Young-Min 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackgroundActivation of the Wnt pathway is known to promote tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis, and targeting Wnt pathway inhibition has emerged as an attractive approach for controlling tumor invasion and metastasis. The major pathway for inhibiting Wnt is through the degradation of β-catenin by the GSK3-beta/CK1/Axin/APC complex. It was found that Hep3B hepato-carcinoma cells respond to anthocyanins through GSK3-beta-induced suppression of beta-catenin; however, they cannot dephosphorylate GSK3-beta without AMPK activation.MethodsWe tested the effects of anthocyanins on proliferation and apoptosis by MTT and Annexin V-PI stainingin vitro. Mouse xenograft models of hepato-carcinomas were established by inoculation with Hep3B cells, and mice were injected with 50 mg/kg/ml of anthocyanins. In addition, protein levels of p-GSK3-beta, beta-catenin, p-AMPK, MMP-9, VEGF, and Ang-1 were also analyzed using western blot.ResultsAnthocyanins decrease phospho-GSK3-beta and beta-catenin expression in anin vivotumor xenograft model, increase AMPK activity in this model, and inhibit cell migration and invasion, possibly by inhibiting MMP-2 (in vitro) and the panendothelial marker, CD31 (in vivo). To elucidate the role of the GSK3-beta/beta-catenin pathway in cancer control, we conditionally inactivated this pathway, using activated AMPK for inhibition. Further, we showed that AMPK siRNA treatment abrogated the ability of anthocyanins to control cell proliferation and metastatic potential, and Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, could not restore GSK3-beta regulation, as exhibited by anthocyanins in Hep3B cells.ConclusionThese observations imply that the AMPK-mediated GSK3-beta/beta-catenin circuit plays crucial roles in inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and metastasis in anthocyanin-treated hepato-carcinoma cells of Meoru origin.
Effect of nitrogen atomic percentage on N+-bombarded MWCNTs in cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility
Authors: Zhao Mengli , Cao Ye , Liu Xiaoqi , Deng Jianhua , Li Dejun , Gu Hanqing 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
N+-bombarded multi-walled carbon nanotubes (N+-bombarded MWCNTs), with different nitrogen atomic percentages, were achieved by different N ion beam currents using ion beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) on MWCNTs synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Characterizations of N+-bombarded MWCNTs were evaluated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy, and contact angle. For comparison, the in vitro cytocompatibility of the N+-bombarded MWCNTs with different N atomic percentages was assessed by cellular adhesion investigation using human endothelial cells (EAHY926) and mouse fibroblast cells (L929), respectively. The results showed that the presence of nitrogen in MWCNTs accelerated cell growth and proliferation of cell culture. The higher nitrogen content of N+-bombarded MWCNTs, the better cytocompatibility. In addition, N+-bombarded MWCNTs with higher N atomic percentage displayed lower platelet adhesion rate. No hemolysis can be observed on the surfaces. These results proved that higher N atomic percentage led N+-bombarded MWCNTs to better hemocompatibility.
High definition video teaching module for learning neck dissection
Authors: Mendez Adrian , Seikaly Hadi , Ansari Kal , Murphy Russell , Cote David 
Published: March 2014

Introduction Video teaching modules are proven effective tools for enhancing student competencies and technical skills in the operating room. Integration into post-graduate surgical curricula, however, continues to pose a challenge in modern surgical education. To date, video teaching modules for neck dissection have yet to be described in the literature. Purpose To develop and validate an HD video-based teaching module (HDVM) to help instruct post-graduate otolaryngology trainees in performing neck dissection. Methods This prospective study included 6 intermediate to senior otolaryngology residents. All consented subjects first performed a control selective neck dissection. Subjects were then exposed to the video teaching module. Following a washout period, a repeat procedure was performed. Recordings of the both sets of neck dissections were de-identified and reviewed by an independent evaluator and scored using the Observational Clinical Human Reliability Assessment (OCHRA) system. Results In total 91 surgical errors were made prior to the HDVM and 41 after exposure, representing a 55% decrease in error occurrence. The two groups were found to be significantly different. Similarly, 66 and 24 staff takeover events occurred pre and post HDVM exposure, respectively, representing a statistically significant 64% decrease. Conclusion HDVM is a useful adjunct to classical surgical training. Residents performed significantly less errors following exposure to the HD-video module. Similarly, significantly less staff takeover events occurred following exposure to the HDVM.
Emergency room use after being released from incarceration
Authors: Erlyana Erlyana , Fisher Dennis G , Reynolds Grace L 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigates opiate use in mediating the impact of history of incarceration on emergency department (ED) use.MethodData were collected from 1,341 clients who underwent HIV and STI screening in an outpatient care center in Long Beach, California. The Risk Behavior Assessment (RBA, baseline) and Risk Behavior Follow-Up Assessment (RBFA, follow-up) were administered to each client with at least a three months interval between assessments.ResultsOf 1341 participants in the study, 931 (69.43%) reported previous incarceration. Having a history of incarceration was significantly associated with emergency room use as well as a history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), injection drug use, opiate use, and survival sex trading, defined as sex for money or drugs. The relationship between previous incarceration and ED use was mediated by opiate use for men but not for women. The findings suggested that the effect of history of incarceration on ED use was exacerbated when the individuals were male and opiate users.ConclusionsTargeted interventions in treatment and rehabilitation programs could help prevent unnecessary ED use and reduce the use of EDs through drug treatment during incarceration and after release.
Double impact of cigarette smoke and mechanical ventilation on the alveolar epithelial type II cell
Authors: Hirsch Jan , Chalkley Robert J , Bentley Trevor , Burlingame Alma L , Frank James A 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) impacts clinical outcomes in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is characterized by neutrophil-mediated inflammation and loss of alveolar barrier function. Recent epidemiological studies suggest that smoking may be a risk factor for the development of ARDS. Because alveolar type II cells are central to maintaining the alveolar epithelial barrier during oxidative stress, mediated in part by neutrophilic inflammation and mechanical ventilation, we hypothesized that exposure to cigarette smoke and mechanical strain have interactive effects leading to the activation of and damage to alveolar type II cells.

Methods
To determine if cigarette smoke increases susceptibility to VILI in vivo, a clinically relevant rat model was established. Rats were exposed to three research cigarettes per day for two weeks. After this period, some rats were mechanically ventilated for 4 hours. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and differential cell count was done and alveolar type II cells were isolated. Proteomic analysis was performed on the isolated alveolar type II cells to discover alterations in cellular pathways at the protein level that might contribute to injury. Effects on levels of proteins in pathways associated with innate immunity, oxidative stress and apoptosis were evaluated in alveolar type II cell lysates by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical comparisons were performed by t-tests, and the results were corrected for multiple comparisons using the false discovery rate.

Results
Tobacco smoke exposure increased airspace neutrophil influx in response to mechanical ventilation. The combined exposure to cigarette smoke and mechanical ventilation significantly increased BAL neutrophil count and protein content. Neutrophils were significantly higher after smoke exposure and ventilation than after ventilation alone. DNA fragments were significantly elevated in alveolar type II cells. Smoke exposure did not significantly alter other protein-level markers of cell activation, including Toll-like receptor 4; caspases 3, 8 and 9; and heat shock protein 70.

Conclusions
Cigarette smoke exposure may impact ventilator-associated alveolar epithelial injury by augmenting neutrophil influx. We found that cigarette smoke had less effect on other pathways previously associated with VILI, including innate immunity, oxidative stress and apoptosis.
Prolonged Administration of Azacitidine With or Without Entinostat for Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Myelodysplasia-Related Changes: Results of the US Leukemia Intergroup Trial E1905
Authors: Prebet Thomas , Sun Zhuoxin , Figueroa Maria E. , Ketterling Rhett , Melnick Ari , Greenberg Peter L. , Herman James , Juckett Mark , Wang Eunice S. , Smith Mitchell R. , Malick Lisa , Paietta Elisabeth , Czader Magdalena , Litzow Mark , Gabrilove Janice , Erba Harry P. , Gore Steven D. , Tallman Martin S. 
Published: March 2014

Purpose Although azacitidine (AZA) improves survival in patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome, the overall response remains approximately 50%. Entinostat is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that has been combined with AZA with significant clinical activity in a previous phase I dose finding study. Design Open label phase II randomized trial comparing AZA 50 mg/m2/d given for 10 days ± entinostat 4 mg/m2/d day 3 and day 10. All subtypes of myelodysplasia, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, and acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes were eligible for the study. The primary objective was the rate of hematologic normalization (HN; complete remission + partial remission + trilineage hematological improvement). Results One hundred forty-nine patients were analyzed, including 97 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and 52 patients with acute myeloid leukemia. In the AZA group, 32% (95% CI, 22% to 44%) experienced HN and 27% (95% CI, 17% to 39%) in the AZA + entinostat group. Both arms exceeded the HN rate of historical control (Cancer and Leukemia Group B 9221 trial), but only the AZA group fulfilled the primary objective of the study. Rates of overall hematologic response were 46% and 44%, respectively. Median overall survivals were 18 months for the AZA group and 13 months for the AZA + entinostat group. The combination arm led to less demethylation compared with the monotherapy arm, suggesting pharmacodynamic antagonism. Conclusion Addition of entinostat to AZA did not increase clinical response as defined by the protocol and was associated with pharmacodynamic antagonism. However, the prolonged administration of AZA by itself seems to increase HN rate compared with standard dosing and warrants additional investigation.
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy for Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update
Authors: Lyman Gary H. , Temin Sarah , Edge Stephen B. , Newman Lisa A. , Turner Roderick R. , Weaver Donald L. , Benson Al B. , Bosserman Linda D. , Burstein Harold J. , Cody Hiram , Hayman James , Perkins Cheryl L. , Podoloff Donald A. , Giuliano Armando E. 
Published: March 2014

PurposeTo provide evidence-based recommendations to practicing oncologists, surgeons, and radiation therapy clinicians to update the 2005 clinical practice guideline on the use of sentinel node biopsy (SNB) for patients with early-stage breast cancer.MethodsThe American Society of Clinical Oncology convened an Update Committee of experts in medical oncology, pathology, radiation oncology, surgical oncology, guideline implementation, and advocacy. A systematic review of the literature was conducted from February 2004 to January 2013 in Medline. Guideline recommendations were based on the review of the evidence by Update Committee.ResultsThis guideline update reflects changes in practice since the 2005 guideline. Nine randomized clinical trials (RCTs) met systematic review criteria for clinical questions 1 and 2; 13 cohort studies informed clinical question 3.RecommendationsWomen without sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastases should not receive axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Women with one to two metastatic SLNs planning to undergo breast-conserving surgery with whole-breast radiotherapy should not undergo ALND (in most cases). Women with SLN metastases who will undergo mastectomy should be offered ALND. These three recommendation are based on RCTs. Women with operable breast cancer and multicentric tumors, with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) who will undergo mastectomy, who previously underwent breast and/or axillary surgery, or who received preoperative/neoadjuvant systemic therapy may be offered SNB. Women who have large or locally advanced invasive breast cancer (tumor size T3/T4), inflammatory breast cancer, or DCIS (when breast-conserving surgery is planned) or are pregnant should not undergo SNB. These recommendations are based on cohort studies and/or informal consensus. In some cases, updated evidence was insufficient to update previous recommendations.
Reviews
Authors: Geczy Adam , Laugesen Amanda , Tay Geniesa , Roe Jill , Gascoigne John , Rhook Natalie 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
A Queer History of Fashion: From the Closet to the Catwalk, Valerie Steele (ed.) (2013) New Haven, London/New York: Yale University Press/Fashion Institute of Technology, 248 pp., ISBN: 9780300196702, h/bk, AU $54.99
Buffalo Bill in Bologna: The Americanization of the World, 1869-1922, Robert W. Rydell and Rob Kroes (2013) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 209 pp., ISBN: 9780226007120, p/bk, AU$14.40
Loving Faster than Light: Romance Readers in Einstein’s Universe, Katy Price (2012) Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 261 pp., ISBN: 9780226680736, h/bk, AU$45
Apollo in George Street. The Life of David McKee Wright, Michael Sharkey (2012) Sydney: Puncher & Wattmann ISBN: 9781921450341, 437 pp., p/bk, AU$34.95.
The Savage Visit: New World People and Popular Imperial Culture in Britain, 1710-1795, Kate Fullager (2012) Berkeley and London: University of California Press, xv + 252 pp., ISBN: 9781938169038, p/bk, AU$ 49.95
The Vogue Factor, Kirstie Clements (2013) Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 234 pp., ISBN: 9780522862430, p/bk, AU$29.95.
Transforming Intuitive Illiteracy: Understanding the Effects of the Unconscious Mind on Image Meaning, Image Consumption, and Behavior
Authors: Williams Rick 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
New advances in cognitive neuroscience that track visual messages through the brain indicate that media imagery stimulates intuitive, unconscious cognitive motivators that shape our perceptions of reality and directly guide our behavior. This cognitive synthesis does not distinguish between mediated and real imagery and the cognition and the motivated behavior occur before the rational mind receives the neural signal. Because of the rational bias of our educational system, most of us still approach media communication from an intuitively illiterate perspectives. But, in today’s visual culture, visually based, intuitive literacy has become a prerequisite to the successful negotiation of culture as an educated person. This article explores the theoretical foundations of intuitive, visual literacy and presents processes that educators can use to teach intuitive literacy so that students can better negotiate the world and guide their own behavior in ways that generate and sustain quality and integrity in their lives.
Evaluating Prostate Cancer Knowledge in Rural Southeastern Indiana County
Authors: Kroger-Jarvis Melanie 
Published: March 2014

Purpose: Prostate cancer is the most prevalent form of non-cutaneous cancer in the male population and a major cause of death in men. The purpose of this study was to evaluate knowledge of prostate cancer screening among rural men in Ripley county, Indiana. Methods: An 11 item survey was developed and distributed in two family practices, multiple retail sites, and eateries located within Ripley County, Southeastern, Indiana Findings: A convenience sample of 59 men over the age of 50 was recruited by the primary investigator (PI). Through descriptive analysis, the data demonstrates men in Ripley County, Indiana are aware of current prostate cancer screening guidelines. Although they indicated knowing updated information regarding prostate cancer screening, many have not obtained screening. Study findings point to the need for educational programs designed to improve prostate cancer screening rates in this population. Conclusion: Results demonstrate men state they have enough information regarding prostate cancer screening, however many have not obtained screening. The influence of the healthcare provider, spouse, and the men obtaining prostate cancer screening were found to have relationships. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14574/ojrnhc.v14i1.27 Keywords: prostate cancer screening, survey, theory, models,
Regularity theory for tangent-point energies: The non-degenerate sub-critical case
Authors: Blatt Simon , Reiter Philipp 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
In this article we introduce and investigate a new two-parameter family
of knot energies

TP

(
p
,

q
)

${\operatorname{TP}^{(p,\,q)}}$

that contains the tangent-point energies. These
energies are obtained by decoupling the exponents in the
numerator and denominator of the integrand in the original definition of
the tangent-point energies.
We will first characterize the curves of finite
energy

TP

(
p
,

q
)

${\operatorname{TP}^{(p,\,q)}}$

in the sub-critical range p ∈ (q+2,2q+1) and see that those
are all injective and regular curves in the Sobolev–Slobodeckiĭ space

W

(
p
-
1
)
/
q
,
q

(
ℝ
/
ℤ
,

ℝ
n

)

${W^{\scriptstyle (p-1)/q,q}(\mathbb {R}/\mathbb {Z},\mathbb {R}^n)}$

. We derive a formula for the first variation
that turns out to be a non-degenerate elliptic operator for the special
case q = 2: a fact that seems not to be the case for the original
tangent-point energies.
This observation allows us to prove that stationary points
of

TP

(
p
,
2
)

$\operatorname{TP}^{(p,2)}$

+ λ length,
p ∈ (4,5), λ > 0,
are smooth – so especially all local minimizers are smooth.
Euler factors determine local Weil representations
Authors: Dokchitser Tim , Dokchitser Vladimir 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
We show that a Frobenius-semisimple Weil representation over a local field K is determined
by its Euler factors over the extensions of K. The construction is explicit, and we
illustrate it for l-adic representations attached to elliptic and genus 2 curves.
As an application, we construct an absolutely simple 2-dimensional abelian variety over

ℚ

${\mathbb{Q}}$

all of whose quadratic twists must have positive rank, according to the
Birch–Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture.
On the Sandpile Model of Modified Wheels I
Authors: Raza Zahid , Waheed Seemal Abdul 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the sandpile group of modified wheels Ŵ
2n
by using a variant of the chip firing game [6] defined on this family of graphs. The family of modified wheels Ŵ
2n
is defined by taking the simple wheel graph W

n
with n rim vertices and then adding two extra vertices on each of the rim edges. It has 3n + 1 number of vertices and size 4n.
Lexical and organizational features in novice and experienced ELF presentations
Authors: Kao Shin-Mei , Wang Wen-Chun 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Today's higher educational contexts challenge teachers, students, and researchers in making effective oral presentations for international audience in academic contexts. This study examines the lexical richness and organizational cohesion in the oral presentations made by three groups of presenters: 44 college-level ELF learners representing novice ELF speakers, 30 conference presentations in economy, social sciences, humanities, and technology from the ELFA project, and 23 conference presentations in applied linguistics from the JSCC corpus. Salient differences were found in the proportion and levels of lexical items, and the quantity and variability of organizational devices between the three groups. The two expert groups demonstrated that ELF academic presentations do not require massive uses of difficult words or complex sentence structures; rather, experienced ELF speakers built up their presentations with 85% of basic and 15% of academic and professional level words. Unlike the novices who relied on grammatical cohesion heavily, the two expert groups show a balanced use of lexical and grammatical cohesive devices in structuring clauses and information. The procedures for quantifying lexical richness and organizational cohesion may be developed into assessment rubrics for ELF presentations. Future studies should take the presentation content, usage accuracy, and the audience evaluation into account.
Radiochemical measurement of neutron-spectrum averaged cross sections for the formation of 64Cu and 67Cu
via the (n,p) reaction at a TRIGA Mark-II reactor: Feasibility of simultaneous production of the theragnostic
pair 64Cu/67Cu
Authors: Uddin Md. Shuza , Rumman-uz-Zaman Md. , Hossain Syed Mohammod , Qaim Syed M. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Integral cross sections of the 64Zn(n, p)64Cu and 67Zn(n, p)67Cu reactions were measured for the fast neutron spectrum of TRIGA Mark-II reactor at Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. A clean radiochemical separation was performed to isolate the copper radionuclides from the target element zinc. The radioactivities produced in the irradiation were measured by HPGe γ-ray spectroscopy. The neutron flux over the energy range 0.5–20 MeV was determined using the 58Ni(n, p)58Co monitor reaction. The measured results amount to 28.9 ± 2.0 mb and 0.84 ± 0.07 mb for the formation of 64Cu and 67Cu, respectively. These values are slightly lower than the respective values for a pure fission spectrum. The present results were compared with data calculated using the neutron spectral distribution and the recently critically analysed excitation function of each reaction given in the literature. The good agreement validates the reliability of those excitation functions. The feasibility of simultaneous production of 64Cu and 67Cu with fast neutrons is discussed.