bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Factors Associated with Multiple Sclerosis Risk in Kuwait
Authors: Al-Temaimi Rabeah Abbas , Alroughani Raed 
Published: August 2024

Context:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disorder of the central nervous system in which gene–environment interactions result in autoimmune targeting of neuronal myelin. In Kuwait, the rapid increase in MS prevalence is in tandem with evident changes in diet and lifestyle habits.

Aim:
To assess dietary and lifestyle habits of 128 MS patient during their preadult years in comparison to 211 Kuwaiti healthy controls.

Methods:
A questionnaire inclusive of demographics, lifestyle, and dietary habits in preadult years was administered to MS patients and healthy controls.

Results:
We found an increased risk of MS in the Kuwaiti adult life is associated with a positive family history and poor preadult dietary habits inclusive of low fresh fruit and vegetable consumption and increased processed food intake. Whereas, passive smoking, preadult weekly physical activity, adolescence milk and fish consumption, and childhood prepacked snacks consumption did not differ between MS and healthy controls.

Conclusion:
Sudden shifts in dietary habits of the Kuwaiti population in the past two decades have contributed to the increased prevalence of MS in Kuwait. Current management recommendations of MS disease should consider the inclusion of a plant-based, minimally processed dietary regimen in conjunction with MS disease modifying treatments.
Association Between Nutritional Status and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Lung Cancer at Persahabatan Hospital, Indonesia
Authors: Anissa Lidya , Wulandari Yohannessa , Nurwidya Fariz 
Published: August 2024

Context:
Systemic inflammation in patients with lung cancer can be seen by the increase of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) where these examinations are common in hospitals. Systemic inflammation can cause anorexia resulting in decreased nutrition intake of patients with lung cancer and affecting their nutritional status. One of the diagnostics of nutritional status for patients with lung cancer is using the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) criteria that consist of decreased nutritional intake, weight loss, decreased muscle mass and subcutaneous fat mass, general or local fluid accumulation, and functional capacity. Malnutrition can be diagnosed if there are two of the six criteria.

Aims:
The study aims to determine the relationship between nutritional status and NLR in patients with lung cancer at Persahabatan Hospital in East Jakarta, Indonesia.

Settings and Design:
This cross-sectional study included 52 patients with lung cancer in oncology outpatient clinic of Persahabatan Hospital.

Methods and Material:
Data of characteristics subject were taken from interviews, physical examinations, laboratory analysis, and patients medical records in the oncology outpatient clinic of Persahabatan Hospital. Statistical analysis used chi-square or Fisher exact test to assess relationship between nutritional status and NLR (P < 0.05).

Results:
Based on nutrient intake, more than 50% of the subjects had low energy and protein intake. Based on patient generated subjective global assessment, 38.5% of subjects were at risk of malnutrition or moderate malnutrition, while 67.3% of them were malnutrition based on ASPEN. There was no statistically significant association between nutritional status and NLR (P = 0.35).

Conclusions:
There was no association between nutritional status and NLR, and so further research with larger samples is needed.
A Correlational Study on Depression and Quality of Life Among Older Persons
Authors: Vijayalakshmi R. , Thirunavukarasu M. 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Globally, the population of older persons is increasing rapidly. Research evidences suggest that depression is a major mental health problem among older persons. Healthy ageing practices reduce the undesirable effects of ageing. It promotes good quality of life (QOL) among older persons and reduces the risk of depression among them.

Objectives:
To assess depression and QOL among older persons; and to correlate depression and QOL among older persons.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study design was used to assess the prevalence of depression and QOL among older persons aged ≥60 years. This study was conducted in NH 1, NH 2, and NH 3 villages covered under Community Medicine Department, SRM MCH at Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu. Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale was used to assess depression and WHO Quality of Life-BREF scale was used to assess QOL among older persons. A structured face-to-face interview was carried out to collect the data after getting the consent from 600 older persons.

Results:
This study findings convey that 64.6% of the older persons are having various levels of depression ranging from mild and moderate to severe. Highly significant negative correlation (R = −0.424) between depression and QOL of respondents is observed in this study. This implies that the older persons with good QOL have low levels of depression and older persons with poor QOL have higher levels of depression.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of depression among older persons is considerably higher and the QOL is a major contributing factor. Creating public awareness on measures to overcome depression and improve QOL is a vital area to be strengthened by the health team members.
Nutritional Composition and Sensory Evaluation of Phytoestrogen-Rich Supplement for Women with PCOS
Authors: Gayathri K. , Supriya V. , Palaniappan N. 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy in reproductive-aged women affecting up to 15% of the population and exhibiting ovulatory dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, obesity, and insulin resistance. Phytochemical like phytoestrogen helps alleviate the symptoms of PCOS without any adverse effects such as improvement in ovulation and regulation of blood glucose. Therefore, this study has developed a supplement enriched with phytoestrogen.

Aim:
The study was aimed at developing a phytoestrogen-rich supplement.

Methods:
The supplement was prepared under proper hygienic conditions. Organoleptic evaluation was done by a group of panel members. Microbial activity and nutrient composition were analyzed by standard methods such as mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. Statistical analysis was done by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 21.

Result:
The formulated supplement was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The microbial analysis showed that it was microbe free at the end of 30 days. The nutrient analysis concluded that phytoestrogens such as polyphenols and flavonoids, omega-3 fatty acid, irons, and fiber were present in adequate amounts.

Conclusion:
The present study revealed that the developed supplement is found to be rich in phytoestrogens and it can be effective for the treatment of PCOS.
Pattern and Correlates of Physical Activity Among Nurses from Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Da Silva Danica , Patil Supriya S , Durgawale Prakash M , Patil Satish R 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Physical inactivity is considered as one of the important modifiable risk factor for noncommunicable diseases. Nurses play an important role in the healthcare system. Long working hours could be stressful physically and psychologically demanding patient care. Considering these, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the pattern and correlates of physical activity among nurses.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 125 nurses working in Krishna Hospital and Medical Research Center, Karad. Practice of physical activity was collected using Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) which measured the physical activity in metabolic equivalent hours per week. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 20.

Results:
Total 125 nurses participated in the study out of which 119 (95.2%) were females and six (4.8%) were males. Moderate level of physical activity was seen in 77.6% of participants, 16.0% showed low level of physical activity, and vigorous levels of physical activity were seen in 6.4% of participants. A statistically significant association was observed between physical activity and age.

Conclusion:
Majority of nurses were involved in moderate-intensity physical activity. Age appeared to be a determining factor for participation in physical activity.
The purpose of the text is the effectiveness/benefits of dragon fruit and guava fruit that can lower blood glucose levels in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients
Authors: Listrianah  , Muzakar  , Susyani  , Mulyaningsih Novellyna , Eliza  , Sriwiyanti  
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious chronic degenerative disease caused by insufficient insulin hormone, or the body’s ineffective use of the insulin produced, with clinical symptoms such as polyphagia, polydipsia, polyuria, weight loss, and weakness accompanied by blood sugar levels ≥ 200 mg/dL and fasting blood sugar ≥ 126 mg/dL.

Material and Method:
This was a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental design.

Results:
Most of the respondents were female (70%) either in the treatment group or (60%) in the comparison group and had an average age between 45 and 59 years (50%). The average decrease in blood sugar level was 69.40 mg/dL. Red guava (NAMBUIRA) showed an effect on the blood sugar levels in type 2 DM patients at Talang Ratu Palembang Public Health Center (P = 0.000).

Conclusion:
NAMBUIRA pudding contains antioxidants and is rich in fiber and had an effect on reducing blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 DM at Talang Ratu Public Health Center of Palembang.
The Risk of COVID-19 in Patients of Chronic Kidney Disease with Cognitive Dysfunction Like Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Ganesan Vinothkumar , Nehru Mohanraj , Shankar Geethamalini , Prabhu Venkataraman 
Published: August 2024

Background:
The universal risk to mankind, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), shares etiological cofactors with a variety of diseases, including anemic chronic kidney disease patients (CKD) with cognitive dysfunction like Alzheimer disease (AD). Understanding the shared links between COVID-19 and CKD, as well as cognitive impairment such as AD, might aid in designing therapeutic ways to combat both. Given the need of developing COVID-19 medicine, the connection and symptoms of CKD with cognitive impairment have been reviewed here, with a focus on memory and learning disturbance.

Objective:
COVID-19 and CKD with cognitive dysfunction share angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors, and AD indicators include amyloid, tau protein, and glycogen synthase kinase-3β. Anemia in patients with CKD and pulmonary fibrosis is frequently treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO). Through nitric oxide stimulation, neuroprotection, and various organ hypoxias, rHuEPO promotes red blood cells (RBC) growth while also assisting oxygen delivery.

Results and Conclusions:
In COVID-19, rHuEPO may be advantageous. The common etiological variables and manifestations outlined in this review could aid in the development of therapeutic options for COVID-19 and CKD with cognitive impairment, such as AD, and so help to eliminate the ongoing universal risk.
Effect of Centella asiatica L. Extract on Apoptosis and Bcl-2 Immunoexpression of Pyramidal Cells in Traumatic Brain Injury Rat Model
Authors: Nafiisah  , Prihatno MM Rudi , Novrial Dody 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Traumatic brain injury therapy still has many shortcomings. The slow repair of post-traumatic pyramidal cells causes the need to find new alternatives to deal with the consequences of traumatic brain injury. This study aims to determine the effect of Centella asiatica L. extract in increasing pyramidal cells repair, assessed from the apoptosis and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) immunoexpression of pyramidal cells in traumatic brain injury rat model.

Methods:
This research was conducted during July 3–17, 2020 and used a true experimental research design with a posttest-only controlled group design. Rats were divided into five groups, that is, normal group, group treated with traumatic brain injury, and groups treated with traumatic brain injuries and given extracts of C. asiatica (L.) dose of 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg bw/day. Brains from each group were taken to examine the apoptosis and Bcl-2 immunoexpression of pyramidal cells at day 7. This study used Kruskal–Wallis test and post hoc Mann–Whitney test.

Results:
Based on the statistical analysis results, there was a significant correlation between the Bcl-2 immunoexpression and apoptosis of pyramidal cells in traumatic brain injury rat model with different doses of C. asiatica (L.) extract (P < 0.05). Dose of 600 mg/kgBW was the most effective in decreasing apoptosis and increasing Bcl-2 immunoexpression of pyramidal cells in traumatic brain injury rat model.

Conclusion:
This study proved that C. asiatica (L.) extract can decrease apoptosis and increase Bcl-2 immunoexpression of pyramidal cells in traumatic brain injury rat model.
Estimation of Demographic Parameters of COVID-19 Patients Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Jaipur
Authors: Babu Gudise Chitti , Chundawat Bhagwati , Pareek Rajeev , Kadali Ramana Murty , Thakur Ajit 
Published: August 2024

Background:
COVID-19 is a pandemic disorder spreading rapidly worldwide. Most of the countries were affected by the COVID-19 during the year 2020. Demographic data are important to understand the impact of COVID-19 across the country and also provide information on an appropriate response, planning, and allocation of resources. This study aims to assess the demographic data of COVID-19 patients admitted and treated in a tertiary care hospital, Jaipur.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Jaipur. A total of 1149 patients’ data like age, gender, area they belong to, duration of the treatment, etc., were collected from the medical records department (MRD) department between July 1, 2020 and September 30, 2020. The data were expressed as counts, number, and percentage (%). The data were analyzed using Excel software.

Results:
Out of 1149 patients, 70% were males and 30% were females, respectively, and mean ± SD (standard deviation) of age was 44.23 ± 3.57. Most of the cases were obtained from Jaipur 63%, Bikaner 5.4%, Ajmer 4.4%, Alwar 2.6%, Sawai Madhopur 2.6%, Dausa 2.3%, Nagaur 2.3%, Bharatpur 2.1%, and Karauli 1.7%, respectively, and remaining places reported <1.5% cases. Also 40 to 80 years age groups were most affected. About 32.4% mild, 55.7% moderate, and 11.8% severe cases were reported.

Conclusions:
More male patients were affected when compared with female patients. Age and other disease conditions have a positive correlation with COVID-19. Older people should take extra precautions and avoid going to markets, parties, etc., unless it is essential. Early identification and detection of COVID-19 helps in better treatment and preventing the conversion of mild cases into moderate or severe cases and prevents the transmission from one to another.
Vitamin D Status of Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Oujda North-East Morocco
Authors: Hsaini Asmae , Aboussaleh Youssef , Ahami Ahmed , Bikri Samir 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Several researches have shown that vitamin D deficiency is significantly linked to common chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus.

Aims:
This study aimed to assess the relationship between vitamin D insufficiency and type 2 diabetes risk factors in oriental Morocco patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods:
In the present cross-sectional study, 114 T2DM patients (diagnosed more than 6 months earlier) attending diabetes center in Oujda North-East Morocco between December 1, 2016 and May 30, 2018 were enrolled. Sociodemographic data (age, gender, education, etc.) and medical data (duration of illness, glucose level, type of treatment, etc.) were collected from patients using a structured questionnaire. In addition, anthropometric measurements and fasting blood samples from each patient were taken. Glucose, 25(OH) vitamin D, and creatinine were measured in obtained serum. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software.

Results:
The mean age of study participants was 63.20 ± 9.37 with a male/female ratio of 2; the mean body mass index is about 22.65 ± 3. The mean concentration of 25(OH) D was 15.68 ±9.35 ng/mL. At the same time, there was a deficiency in vitamin D of 74.10% among patients with type 2 diabetes. The result shows that vitamin D level was significantly associate with sex, duration of diabetes, and body mass index (P<0.05).

Conclusion:
The present study highlighted the vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in T2DM Moroccan patients. However, vitamin D deficiency can lead to T2DM complications.
Perceived Wellness Measured by the National Wellness Institute’s Wellness Focus Survey Tool among Women in Al Ain, UAE
Authors: Al Awar Shamsa , Khair Howaida , Osman Nawal , Ucenic Teodora-Elena , Sallam Gehan , Maki Sara , Ganesh Aishwarya 
Published: August 2024

Objectives:
While there is a plethora of women’s studies conducted on psychosocial variables such as mental health, quality of life, and burden of care, there is a dearth of studies on the dimension of “wellness,” particularly from the Arabian Gulf population. This study was designed to investigate perceptions of personal wellness among women residing in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) using six dimensions of wellness, namely; Spiritual, Emotional, Intellectual, Occupational, Physical, and Social. The related aim was to examine the relationship between perceived wellness and socio-demographic characteristics.

Methods:
This online cross-sectional study was carried out from August 2021 to October 2021 among women residing in the UAE. The outcome measure included the National Wellness Institute’s Wellness Focus Survey Tool, which was adapted to suit local dialect and social modesty. The newly adapted questionnaire was translated into Arabic. The study also included pertinent socio-demographic variables.

Results:
A total of 325 women living in Al Ain, UAE participated in the study. Out of the participants, 60.8% were Emiratis, aged between 31 and 40 years (37.3%) and married (57.8%). The participants were mainly employed (59.7%) and most of them lived in private (61.5%) accommodation. The analysis reveals the following ranking order of the six dimensions of wellness; Spiritual (mean = 4.30, SD = 0.84), followed by Social (mean = 4.05, SD = 0.85), Occupational (mean = 3.93, SD = 1.05), Emotional (mean = 3.76, SD = 0.91), Intellectual (mean = 3.73, SD = 1.01), and Physical (mean = 2.41, SD = 1.04). Among the women’s characteristics, age and marital status were found to be significantly associated with the Emotional Dimension. Moreover, nationality and accommodation were significantly associated with the Intellectual Dimension. Overall, using factor analysis of the instrument, we found that only one component was sufficient to adequately explain either the Occupational or Spiritual Dimensions, while two components were needed to explain each of the following; Intellectual, Emotional, Social, and Physical dimensions of wellness.

Conclusion:
Wellness is of great importance to UAE women, with significant associations with some socio-demographic characteristics. The Spiritual Dimension, in particular, was perceived to be of highest importance, closely followed by Social, Occupational, Emotional, Intellectual, and Physical dimensions. In particular, age and marital status had significant association with the Emotional Dimension, while nationality and accommodation were significantly associated with the Intellectual Dimension. These findings are of importance to future endeavors that are aimed towards the betterment of the quality of life of women in the UAE, by indicating which spheres of wellness are prioritized and which ones require further scrutiny.
Correlation between Selected Inflammatory Biomarkers in Geriatric Anemias − A Case–Control Study
Authors: Dubey Deepak , Raghavan Vijayashree 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Anemia in the geriatric age group is a prevalent disorder, with a complex pathophysiology. In this study, we try to evaluate the correlation between selected inflammatory biomarkers [interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and hepcidin (HA)] in geriatric anemia.

Materials and methods:
Case–control hospital-based study conducted in individual age 60 to 80 years at Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute. One hundred participants are included in this study, where 50 in case group with anemia and 50 in control group without anemia. A one-time blood sample is collected and was evaluated for complete blood count, serum ferritin, vitamin B12, HA, IL-6, and serum CRP.

Results:
There is a significant association between inflammatory markers IL-6, CRP, HA, and geriatric anemia, which shows statistical significance with P-value <0.001, values in group case are following 6.60 ± 4.42 pg/mL, 3.79 ± 4.25 mg/L, 3.97 ± 2.16 ng/mL, 8.87 ± 1.95, and in control 3.22 ± 2.33 pg/mL, 2.02 ± 3.28 mg/L, 2.77 ± 0.85 ng/mL, and 12.39 ± 1.26. Final diagnosis most common, unexplained anemia with 25 (50.0%), followed by anaemia of chronic disease (ACD) 11 (22.0%) ACD with iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) occur in 6 (12.0%), 5 (10.0%) cases of pure IDA, and 3 (6.0%) megaloblastic anemia.

Conclusion:
Significant correlation between inflammatory biomarkers in geriatric anemias. Inflammatory biomarkers (CRP, IL-6, HA) will not only help in categorizing geriatric anemia but also eventually leads to specific targeted treatment protocol.
Whom to Blame for Brain Health and Appetite Slump in Toddlers? A Narrative Review
Authors: Seshan Vidya , Valsaraj Blessy Prabha , Raghavan Divya , Arulappan Judie , Matua Gerald Amandu , Cyril Sofia , Prince Emi John 
Published: August 2024

Food preference in children depends on the interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Exposure to flavors during prenatal and postnatal period through amniotic fluid, breast milk, and weaning foods have been identified as possible influences on food preference and acceptance in children. Therefore, maternal nutrition has a strong influence on the child’s food preference early in life.

Aim:
The authors carried out a narrative review to understand the contribution of maternal nutrition on the food preferences in children in later life.

Methods:
The authors retrieved the articles from SCOPUS, Medline, Science Direct, CINAHL, EBSCO, and PubMed central databases. The key words including food preferences, food choice, and acceptance of food, pregnant women, toddlers, and food culture were used to identify the appropriate articles. The authors included in the review, full-text articles, published in English language between 1995 and 2018. In total, six articles, which met the inclusion criteria, were included in the final review.

Results:
The results revealed that there is a very strong connection between the exposure to flavors during prenatal and postnatal period and food preference and acceptance in children in later life. The olfactory and gustatory exposures to flavors during prenatal period through maternal diet, and during postnatal period through breast milk and weaning foods determines the food preferences in childhood.

Conclusion:
We conclude that maternal nutrition has a strong influence on the child’s food preference early in the life, therefore effective strategies should be designed to increase healthy feeding choices during the prenatal and postnatal periods.