bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2701 – Negative Association Between Neurological Soft Signs and Cannabis Use in Tunisian Patients with First-Episode Psychosis
Authors: Mhalla A. , Gassab L. , Gaha L. , Mechri A. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Neurological soft signs (NSS) are minor or subtle neurological signs indicating non-specific cerebral dysfunction. They have been conceptualized as neurodevelopmental markers that mediate the biological propensity for the development of psychosis. Their interaction with the environmental factors such as cannabis use remains little studied.Objective:To study the relationship between the NSS and the use of cannabis which is considered an environmental risk factor of psychotic disorder.Methods:Sixty one in-patients (fifty three men and eight women; mean age: 28.9 ± 9.4 years) with a first-episode non affective psychosis according with DSM-IV were recruited. Neurological evaluations were carried-out by using the NSS scale of Krebs et al. (2000). We ascertained the use of cannabis with the cannabis subsection, included within the section of substance use, in the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).Results:The prevalence of cannabis use was 16.4%. The mean NSS total score was 15.3 ± 6.7. Significant lower NSS total score was found in cannabis users: 11.2 ± 5.6 versus 16.0 ± 6.7 (p=0.04). There was also an inverse but not significant relation between the use of cannabis and the motor coordination and the involuntary movements sub-scores.Conclusions:Similar results have been reported in patients with schizophrenia and first-episode psychosis suggesting the existence of fewer NSS in the cannabis user patients. The cannabis could enhance the effects of genetic risk factors for psychosis. More work in the area of genetic-environment interactions in predicting psychosis is necessary.
2709 – Impact of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder “ADHD” Across Lifespan on Substance Use Disorders “SUD”
Authors: Abdelkarim A. , Salama H. , Abdel Latif S. , Abou El Magd O. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects not only children but persists for up to 4.4% in the general population. Comorbidity is common among adults with ADHD, including substance abuse.Objectives:Assessment of impact of both childhood and adult ADHD on SUD.Aim:The aim of this study was to estimate prevalence rate of past history of childhood ADHD and current adult ADHD among substance use inpatients and to compare between the two groups regarding onset and severity of substance use disorder.Methods:This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in addiction treatment center at El Maamoura psychiatric hospital. One hundred and two adult males were assessed using Arabic version of Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) for retrospective assessment of symptoms of childhood ADHD. Arabic version of Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-v1.1) Symptom Checklist was used to screen for adult ADHD. DSM IV TR criteria were used for final diagnosis.Results:Sixty Four patients of the total studied sample had past history of childhood ADHD. of which, only 36 patients fulfilled the DSM - IV TR criteria for adult ADHD. Presence of adult ADHD was associated with an earlier mean age of onset of SUD (13.22 vs. 14.86 years), larger number of hospital admissions, (4.21 vs. 6.83 times) and a shorter mean period of abstinence (124.53 vs. 271.50 days).Conclusions:In comparison to childhood ADHD, presence of adult ADHD was associated with a more complicated course of substance use disorders and poorer outcome.
2710 – Gender Differences in the Psychopathology of Emerging Psychosis
Authors: González-Rodríguez A. , Studerus E. , Spitz A. , Rapp C. , Bugra H. , Aston J. , Borgwardt S. , Riecher-Rössler A. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Gender differences in psychopathological symptoms have frequently been found in chronic schizophrenia and first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients. However, many of the existing studies suffer from methodological problems. Furthermore, very few studies have investigated gender differences in at-risk mental state (ARMS) individuals.Aims:To investigate whether male and female ARMS and FEP patients differ in self- and observer-rated psychopathological symptoms when adjusted for potential confounders.Methods:Psychopathological symptoms were assessed in 117 ARMS and 87 FEP patients by two observer-rated scales:the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), and one self-report scale,the Frankfurt Complaint Questionnaire (FCQ). Gender differences were investigated by applying Analyses of Variance using the BPRS, SANS and FCQ subscales as dependent variables and, group and sex as between-subject factors. Furthermore, Analyses of Covariance were conducted by including age, antipsychotic, antidepressant and cannabis use as covariates.Results:No significant gender × patient group interactions were found, suggesting that gender effects did not differ between patient groups. Women showed higher scores in positive psychotic symptoms (BPRS Psychosis/Thought Disturbance) while men had higher scores in negative symptoms (BPRS negative symptoms, SANS total score, and subscales Affective Flattening, Avolition-Apathy and Asociality-Anhedonia). However, the differences did not withstand correction for multiple testing. Furthermore, these results did not change when corrected for potential confounders.Conclusions:Our findings suggest that male and female ARMS and FEP patients do neither differ in self-report nor in observer-rated psychopathological symptoms when corrected for multiple testing and potential confounders.
2726 – Study of The Personal and Social Performance in Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Contreras Barbas M. , Megia López P. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:There are several studies evaluating the functioning in patients with schizophrenia. Nowadays, there are new tools and therapeutic alternatives to be considered.Objectives:Our hypothesis is administration of Depot antipsychotic improve patient adherence to treatment which reflect better social and personal performance, higher satisfaction with medication and less severity of the mental illness.Methods:Sample of 68 patients with schizophrenia: 32 with Depot and 36 with oral antipsychotic.Scales: PSP assesses global function in terms of four functional domains: work/study, personal/social relationship, self care and disturbing/aggressive behavior. Other scales applied: CGI and MSQ.Results:PSP: Self care (t (67)=6.092,Pa=0.01),Personal Relationships (t(67)=3.368,Pa=0.05), Social Relationship(t(67)=5.0167,Pa=0.01) and disturbing behavior(t(67)=1.263,Pa>0.05).Conclusions:Better response to the four areas studied in patients treated with Depot vs. patients treated with oral medication.The Global score of PSP in oral medication group was 68 which means barriers indentified by anyone but do not interfere with the role of the subject. and in the group of Depot the global score was 78 that mean mild difficulties indentified by relatives or close people to patient.
2727 – Tianeptin Abuse: A Case Report
Authors: Lapsekili N. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Very few cases have been reported in connection with excessive consumption of tianeptine. Tianeptine use can be a risk in terms of high doses especially for addicted patients.Case:A 28 year-old man administered after 5-years of medical prescription of the recommended dosage of 12.5 mg 2 times daily of oral tianeptine for an anxiety disorder. The patient spontaneously increased the dosage which after two months reached 120 tablets per day. No severe toxic effects were observed. As adverse effects, the patient, in the beginning of this high treatment period suffered from nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, anorexia with weight loss, constipation. These side effects progressively disappeared. The biological tolerance was excellent, and hepatic parameters were not affected. The patient experienced and seek a psychostimulant effect for five-years but after his family realized that he was using 2 boxes of drug every day he was hospitalized for treatment.Conclusion:Tianeptine is an antidepressant agent like the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclic antidepressants. The anxiolytic efficacy of tianeptine is similar to that of tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants. But in contrast to SSRIs and tricyclic agents, systemic administration of tianeptine modestly enhanced the mesolimbic release of dopamine (DA). It is told that abuse or dependence of tianeptine is an important issue in patients who have histories of alcohol or substance abuse. However, as in our case, the use of tianeptine in patients without a history of substance abuse might be also a risk for addiction.
2732 – Persistence Or Change? Focusing on the Relation Between Suicide Methods of Last Attempted and of Completed Suicide
Authors: Paraschakis A. , Michopoulos I. , Christodoulou C. , Koutsaftis F. , Lykouras L. , Douzenis A. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Research on suicide method substitution between last attempted and completed suicide is scarce (five studies).Objectives:The results are conflicting (three studies report persistence and two studies report switch).Aim:To investigate this topic studying a sample of suicide victims from Greece.Methods:We studied all recorded cases of completed suicide of the period November 2007-October 2009 in Athens Department of Forensic Medicine. We performed phone interviews with relatives of the deceased focusing, among other topics, on the characteristics of prior attempts.Results:335 individuals were recorded as suicide victims: 250 men (74.7%) & 85 women (35.3%). Interviews were conducted with the relatives of 246 victims: 24% had history of prior attempts (59 cases), 39 men (66.1%) & 20 women (33.9%). Most frequent last attempted suicide methods were: self-poisoning (57.6%), jumping from a height (20.3%), wrist-cutting (15.3%) & hanging (6.8%). 74.6% of the attempters became completers using a different method (p=0.016). Individuals with previous attempt by self-poisoning or wrist-cutting died by hanging or jumping while attempters by hanging or jumping became completers primarily by the same methods.Conclusion:Most of the suicide completers had never been attempters in the past. Those who had attempted with low lethality methods- committed suicide choosing a different, more lethal method. Restrictions in the availability of lethal means may result in more surviving attempters while some suicides could also be prevented because a particularly lethal method is not in hand.
2734 – Is it Worse with Time in Chronic Haemodialysis?
Authors: Roventa C. , Poenar C. , Ciocalteu A. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Depression represent an important and predictable complication in chronic haemodialysis.Objectives:The prevalence of depression, QoL indicators, correlations between number of years of hemodialysis, depression and quality of life.Aims:To determine if higher depressive levels are correlated with years spent on haemodialysis.Methods:We used Beck questionnaire two times, one at the beginning of the year, and one at the end for 102 patients, excluding diabetes, who were undergoing hemodialysis three times a week, for 4 hours and SF 36 questionnaire. We considered these values for depression: Normal: 0-10, Mild: 11-15, Moderate: 16-23, Severe: 24-63 according to Romanian Guidelines in Nephrology.Results:98 pacients answered to the Beck questionnaire. Years of haemodialysis: min=0.25, max=18, average=5.7, standard deviation= 4.37 (n=102). SF 36 has close values distributed between the intervals 80-100, 60-80, < 60%. The linear correlation between average depression and years of hemodialysis is very, very weak, square of the coefficient of regression is 0.00- (by the linear model we can explain < 0.1% of the dates) and also between SF36 total and years of hemodialysis:square of the coefficient of regression is 0.04- (by the linear model we can explain 4% of the dates). We followed other models (logaritmic, polinomial, exponential), for both correlations, but we couldn’t notice better results.Conclusions:The study proved high levels of mild depression, lack of linear correlation between years of haemodialysis, depression and QoL indicators. Although this, there is an influence of time spent in haemodialysis and QoL.
2738 – Reliability and Validity of the Chinese Translation of Insomnia Severity Index (C-ISI) in Chinese Patients with Insomnia
Authors: Badiee Aval Baghyahi S. , Gao Y. , Bahrami Taghanaki H.R. , Badiee Aval M. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:The Insomnia Severity Index ISI is a Questionnaire to screen insomnia in clinics;so,it has been translated to many languages.Objectives:To determine the Reliability and validity of the Chinese Translation of Insomnia Severity Index(C-ISI) in patients with Insomnia and compare it with Chinese version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(C-PSQI).Aims:To show the Reliability and validity of C-ISI for using it in chinese speakers.Method:English version ISI was translated into Chinese base on standard guidelines then Chinese version was filled in 83 patients with insomnia as a clinical group and 45 persons without sleep complain as the control group by themselves in Neuropsychiatery Department of DongzhiMen hospital. For finding Test-Retest reliability they refilled ISI questionnaire 2 weeks later.Results:Cronbach-α coefficient of C-ISI for the clinical group, control group and both of them was 0.72, 0.75 and 0.91 respectively. The C-ISI component and total scores in test were significantly correlated with their related components and total scores in re-test (P < 0.05). Mean Ranks for All C-ISI components, total score were significantly higher in clinical group than control group that presents low sleep quality in clinical group. There are Significant correlations between C-ISI component and total scores and C-PSQI components and Total scores in related Items.Conclusions:C-ISI has acceptable reliability and good sensitivity for assessing insomnia patients ;besides,C-ISI can evaluate the insomnia patients similar to the PSQI-C so it can be used as a good scale to measure sleep quality in Chinese speakers.
2745 – Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Adolescents with a First Psychotic Episode
Authors: Ellini S. , Cherif W. , Chennoufi L. , Jomli R. , Cheour M. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Time of profound change, adolescence is a critical period of development and transition between childhood and adulthood. Age life source of conflict, opposition and misunderstanding highlights some psychological fragility of life and the subject is likely to develop psychiatric disorders including psychosis.Objectives:Meeting the demographic characteristics of a population of adolescents who had been hospitalized for a first episode of psychosis.Materials and methods:Retrospective and descriptive performed on patient records adolescents whose ages are between 16 and 19 years hospitalized for a first episode of psychosis in psychiatric wards of Hospital Razi between January 2004 and June 2008. The socio-demographic data were collected using a pre-established form and analyzed using SPSS software version 11.Results:Our series consisted of 27 boys and 13 girls with a sex ratio was 2.07. The average age of our sample was 17.9 years. About 65% of their patients were students, 20% held irregular work and 15% were unemployed. For socio-economic conditions, they were poor in 60% of cases, moderate in 35% of cases and good in only 5%.Conclusions:Despite the study of socio-demographic characteristics of this population, the onset of first episode psychosis in adolescents has still practical difficulties in preventing the occurrence of this disorder remains uncertain outcome which the clinician cannot predict how scalable.
2746 – Entry Into Schizophrenia in Adolescence: Clinical and Therapeutic Features
Authors: Ellini S. , Cherif W. , Chennoufi L. , Jomli R. , Cheour M. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Time of profound change, adolescencethis is a period of development where a psychodynamic point of view, can be activated archaic defense mechanisms to meet psychological difficulties that may be encountered adolescents. Once the defense mechanisms fail, the evolution towards schizophrenia can be.Objectives:Study of clinical and therapeutic aspects of first psychotic episodes occurring in adolescence, having evolved later to schizophrenia.Materials and methods:Descriptive retrospective study on 40 subjects whose ages are between 16 and 19 years admitted to our psychiatric institution for entry into schizophrenia. The information was collected through a pre-established form. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software version 11.Results:71.4% of subjects who received the initial diagnosis of schizophrenia were male, family history of schizophrenia and mood disorders were found with respective rates of 19% and 14.2%. The average time of treatment was 13.5 months. The first problems identified by families were: sleep disturbance, irritability, aggressiveness tend to hetero, difficulties in attention and concentration, exaggeration of social isolation and somatic complaints. Psychotic symptoms were found most emotional blunting, delusions and auditory hallucinations. After 2 years of follow up, 38% of subjects who carried the diagnosis of schizophrenia were reinstated at least once, and only 28.5% of subjects had continued their studies.Conclusions:Schizophrenia is the major fear facing psychotic disorders occurring in adolescence. and it is important to note the diagnostic difficulties and the frequent confusion between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in adolescence. Great care practitioner is required before any diagnostic decision.
2747 – The Psychiatric Expertise in Tunisia: Socio-Demographic Characteristics of 120 Appraised Persons
Authors: Ellini S. , Cherif W. , Chennoufi L. , Jomli R. , Ridha R. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:The psychiatric expertise, medical discipline in the legal system, is an act in which the expert must establish the existence of mental illness at the time of the offense and the latter results.Objective:Describe the socio-demographic profile of the subjects appraised in order to help to improve and clarify the mission of expertise.Materials and methods:Retrospective study, involving 120 subjects examined records within a forensic psychiatric assessment over a period ranging from January 2004 to May 2009. Socio-demographic data collected were processed using Microsoft Excel. Our results were compared with those of literature.Results:Our series consisted of 113 men and 7 women representing 94.1% and 5.9% (sex ratio F / M = 1/16). The average age was 34 years 2 months with a peak at 20-29 years (41% of cases). A solitary life characterized 70.0% of the subjects examined, with a predominance of single (64.2%). Educational level was relatively low and the employment situation was precarious for the majority of subjects with a frequency up to 35% without occupation.Conclusion:At the end of this study, we find that the socio-demographic and clinical profile of subjects appraised consistent with conventio.
2748 – Affective Temperaments Among Patients with Familial Bipolar I Disorder and their Unaffected First-Degree Relatives
Authors: Mechri A. , Ben Haouala S. , Mrad A. , Gassab L. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Given the concept of bipolar spectrum which extends across the family, healthy relatives of bipolar patients, which are a population at high risk for developing mood disorders, may have temperamental deregulations.Objective:To compare the mean scores of affective temperaments among patients with familial bipolar I disorder and their unaffected first-degree relatives.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study, concerning 50 families of bipolar I disorder which have at least two patients with bipolar I disorder (DSM-IV-TR). We have included 80 clinically recovered patients with bipolar I disorder and 120 unaffected first-degree relatives. The affective temperaments were assessed by Tunisian version of TEMPS-A. Dominant affective temperament is the temperament witch score was more than 2 SD of mean scores.Results:Mean scores of cyclothymic and hyperthymic temperaments were higher in bipolar I patients than in their healthy relatives. The difference was significant for only hyperthymic temperament (p=0.038) but it was not significant after adjustment for age, sex and school level. The rate of dominant affective temperament was not differed between bipolar I patients (26.3%) and their healthy relatives (20%). Investigating the role of family, we showed a significant association with depressive (p< 10-3), cyclothymic (p=10-3), irritable (p=0.023) and anxious (p=0.003) temperaments.Conclusions:Our findings suggest that patient with family bipolar I disorder and their unaffected first-degree relatives had a temperamental deregulation which confirms the concept that affective temperaments are a potential phenotype of bipolar condition.
2750 – Folie a Deux- Case Presentation and Discussion
Authors: Luther R. , Roy B. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:“Folie à deux” is also known in the ICD-10 as Induced Delusional Disorder. A subtype is “folie imposee” where the primary individual holds delusional beliefs shared by a secondary individual. When the delusional beliefs of the primary individual cease it is observed that the beliefs of the secondary individual also disappear. Mr A was a 36 year old Caucasian male presenting with an array of psychotic symptoms centred on a task which involved finding an energy source at the centre of the earth. Mrs A was highly resistant to his treatment and further investigation revealed a case of folie à deux.Objectives:To demonstrate the phenomenon of folie à deux.Methods:Individual and combined interviews were held with Mr and Mrs A where the psychotic symptoms were discussed. A comprehensive study of Mr A's past and current psychopathology was also undertaken.Results:Mrs A shared the delusions of her partner and was strongly against treatment as it would nullify his delusions rendering him incapable of completing his task. Once treatment was facilitated, Mr A experienced a drop from his unusually high levels of energy which reflected an equal and immediate drop in energy levels of his partner which led her to further discourage him from medication. When Mr A's delusional beliefs lifted, it was apparent that his partner no longer held the same delusional beliefs.Conclusions:We concluded this case fulfilled ICD-10 and DSM IV criteria for a shared delusional disorder (folie à deux) with specific sub-type “folie imposee”.
2751 – Factors Influencing the Selection of Antidepressant by Pakistani Psychiatrists
Authors: Rahman R.U. , Siddiqi N. , Ansari M. , Hussain N. 
Published: July 2013

Objective:To examine the factors that influence mental health professional's prescription of antidepressant.Background:There are many studies on factors affecting decision of mental health professionals regarding selection of antidepressant. The clinical experience of the developing countries is different from that of the developed countries where nonpharmacological attributes of a drug like affordability and availability play a greater role in prescription of drug.Methods:A semi-structured questionnaire was used to investigate which antidepressant was the preferred choice of psychiatrists and nurses and factors which influenced their decision making. Ethical permissions were obtained from local research and ethics committees.Results:The results of this study show that health professional would consider efficacy (64%) and tolerability (24%) to be the most important factors in choice of anti psychotics for themselves while efficacy (56%) and cost (24%) would be considered important factor while prescribing drugs to the patient.Conclusions:Beside efficacy other factors like cost & affordability found to be the important factor in influencing the decision of the psychiatrists.