bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Missed diagnoses of acute myocardial infarction in the emergency department: variation by patient and facility characteristics
Authors: Moy Ernest , Barrett Marguerite , Coffey Rosanna , Hines Anika L. , Newman-Toker David E. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

Background: An estimated 1.2 million people in the US have an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) each year. An estimated 7% of AMI hospitalizations result in death. Most patients experiencing acute coronary symptoms, such as unstable angina, visit an emergency department (ED). Some patients hospitalized with AMI after a treat-and-release ED visit likely represent missed opportunities for correct diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of the present study is to estimate the frequency of missed AMI or its precursors in the ED by examining use of EDs prior to hospitalization for AMI.

Methods: We estimated the rate of probable missed diagnoses in EDs in the week before hospitalization for AMI and examined associated factors. We used Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Databases and State Emergency Department Databases for 2007 to evaluate missed diagnoses in 111,973 admitted patients aged 18 years and older.

Results: We identified missed diagnoses in the ED for 993 of 112,000 patients (0.9% of all AMI admissions). These patients had visited an ED with chest pain or cardiac conditions, were released, and were subsequently admitted for AMI within 7 days. Higher odds of having missed diagnoses were associated with being younger and of Black race. Hospital teaching status, availability of cardiac catheterization, high ED admission rates, high inpatient occupancy rates, and urban location were associated with lower odds of missed diagnoses.

Conclusions: Administrative data provide robust information that may help EDs identify populations at risk of experiencing a missed diagnosis, address disparities, and reduce diagnostic errors.
Quasi-static and dynamic nanoindentation to determine the influence of thermal treatment on the mechanical properties of bamboo cell walls
Authors: Li Yanjun , Yin Liping , Huang Chengjian , Meng Yujie , Fu Feng , Wang Siqun , Wu Qiang 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Bamboo was thermally treated at 180°C and 200°C, and the micromechanical properties of its cell walls were investigated by means of quasi-static and dynamic nanoindentation experiments. With increasing treatment temperatures, the average dry density and mass of the bamboo decreased, whereas the already reduced elastic modulus at 180°C of the fiber cell walls did not change, but the hardness showed increasing tendencies. Dynamic nanoindentation revealed reduced storage modulus

(

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′

r

)

$({E'_{\rm{r}}})$

and loss modulus

(

E
″

r

)

$({E''_{\rm{r}}}\,)$

for the thermotreated bamboo cell walls compared with the untreated bamboo fibers in all frequency regions. Moreover,

E
′

r

,

E
″

r

,

${E'_{\rm{r}}},{\rm{ }}{E''_{\rm{r}}},$

and loss tangent (tan δ) of treated bamboo decreased with increasing treatment temperature.
Revisiting alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation: quantitative evaluation of biphenyl structures in cedar wood lignin (Cryptomeria japonica) by a modified nitrobenzene oxidation method
Authors: Tamai Akari , Goto Haruka , Akiyama Takuya , Matsumoto Yuji 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
A modified alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation (NBO) method was developed to enable the analysis of the biphenyl structures of cedar wood lignin. The most essential point of the process is a modified work-up process in pyridine and a prolonged gas chromatography analysis of the silylated products. By applying this mean to cedar wood meal, a novel biphenyl product, dehydrovanillin-vanillic acid (1-carboxy-1′-formyl-4,4′-dihydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxy-5,5′-biphenyl), was detected together with known products, dehydrodivanillin and dehydrodivanillic acid. The highest total yield of biphenyl products was detected when NBO was carried out for 2–4 h at 170°C. The work-up procedure was slightly modified so that the biphenyl products can be quantified. The NBO conversion rates of biphenyl linkages of lignin were also examined with a biphenyl-type lignin model compound, and this gave rise to 75% biphenyl-type NBO degradation products. Under the same condition, the total yield of vanillin and vanillic acid (VA) from a non-condensed-type β-O-4 model compound was 89%. Because the latter did not exhibit any peak of the biphenyl products, it can be concluded that all the biphenyl products obtained by NBO (0.17 mmol g-1) were from the lignin of the native wood. It was calculated that at least 6.7 of 100 phenylpropanoid units of cedar lignin were involved in biphenyl structures even if the NBO conversion rate was not taken into consideration. The synthesis and analytical data of 11 lignin model compounds is described.
Design and Optimization of the Preparation of Calcium Carbonate from Calcium Sulfate and Ammonium Bicarbonate
Authors: Zhao Jingcai , Song Xingfu , Sun Ze , Xu Yanxia , Yu Jianguo 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Simulation on single factor effect was used for the design and optimization of the preparation of calcium carbonate from calcium sulfate (DH) and ammonium bicarbonate. This study shows that simulation on single factor effect is effective because the experimental results are close to predicted results. Furthermore, response surface method based on a central composite design was used to determine the range of parameters to achieve a highly efficient conversion of DH. The results indicate that the significant parameters that affected the conversion of DH were ratio of carbon to sulfur, temperature, concentration of ammonium bicarbonate, and stirring speed. The strength order of factors is as follows: ratio of carbon to sulfur > concentration of ammonium bicarbonate > stirring speed > temperature. A quadratic polynomial equation was established using multiple regression analysis. The optimum parameters were determined as follows: 2.10 for ratio of carbon to sulfur, 320.35 K for temperature, 337.31 rpm for the stirring speed, and 1.75 mol · L−1 for bicarbonate concentration. The corresponding conversion rate of the experimental result was 99.7%, which was highly consistent with the predicted value of 99.9%. Based on model and the optimum parameters, products of vaterite, with ammonium sulfate crystal of grade A, can be obtained. Equipotential lines of conversional rate and desired process conditions were provided as well.
Risk for fetal loss and prematurity after 12,413 second trimester amniocenteses in a single center
Authors: Theodora Marianna , Antsaklis Aris , Blanas Konstantinos , Antsaklis Panagiotis , Daskalakis George , Sindos Michael , Mesogitis Spiros , Papantoniou Nikolaos 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe purpose of this retrospective controlled study is to estimate the risk for fetal loss and preterm delivery attributed to second trimester amniocentesis from a single tertiary center.The study group consists of 12,413 singleton pregnancies with consecutive amniocenteses, performed in a single tertiary center during a 15-year period (1996–2010) with known pregnancy outcome. The control group consisted of 6993 pregnancies with negative second trimester screening for aneuploidies during the same period who did not have any invasive test. The two groups were compared in terms of fetal loss rate up to 24 weeks and premature deliveries.Total fetal loss up to 24 weeks in the study group, excluding terminations of pregnancy, was estimated at 1.25% (1.05%–1.45%, confidence interval [CI]: 95%). In the control group the loss rate was 0.65% giving a procedure related fetal loss rate of 0.6% which was not found to be a statistically significant difference. Delivery before the 28The present study has shown that the risk of miscarriage that can be attributed to amniocentesis in our institution is 0.6%, and this is not statistically significant when compared with cases without any invasive procedure during pregnancy. Similarly, the risk for preterm labor was not statistically significant when compared with controls.
Using Silence to “Pass”: Embodiment and Interactional Categorization in a Diasporic Context
Authors: Wagner Lauren 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis article posits that “passing” is a manipulation of ambiguously embodied characteristics, linguistic practice, and ratification by other speakers. I explore discourses and practices of “passing” by post-migrant generation, diasporically-resident Moroccans who seek to be unmarked by migration when bargaining in Moroccan markets. Their attempts have many possibilities for failure, including any way that their diasporic provenance might be made relevant in interaction through their embodied and linguistic practices. This connection between embodiment and linguistic practices becomes more evident in a unique case of bargaining “success”, which depends on using silence. Framed by all the possible ways to fail, the main interactional example is exceptional because of its success-by-not-failing: the diasporically-resident participant was not conversationally, explicitly marked as “diasporic”.
Extractive distillation: recent advances in operation strategies
Authors: Shen Weifeng , Benyounes Hassiba , Gerbaud Vincent 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Extractive distillation is one of the efficient techniques for separating azeotropic and low-relative-volatility mixtures in various chemical industries. This paper first provides an overview of thermodynamic insight covering residue curve map analysis, the application of univolatility and unidistribution curves, and thermodynamic feasibility study. The pinch-point analysis method combining bifurcation shortcut presents another branch of study, and several achievements have been realized by the identification of possible product cut under the following key parameters: reflux ratio, reboil ratio, and entrainer-feed flow rate ratio. Process operation policies and strategy concerning batch extractive distillation processes are summarized in four operation steps. Several configurations and technological alternatives can be used when extractive distillation processes take place in a continuous or batch column, depending on the strategy selected for the recycle streams and for the main azeotropic feeds.
A Bayesian mixture model for chromatin interaction data
Authors: Niu Liang , Lin Shili 
Published: December 2014

AbstractChromatin interactions mediated by a particular protein are of interest for studying gene regulation, especially the regulation of genes that are associated with, or known to be causative of, a disease. A recent molecular technique, Chromatin interaction analysis by paired-end tag sequencing (ChIA-PET), that uses chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and high throughput paired-end sequencing, is able to detect such chromatin interactions genomewide. However, ChIA-PET may generate noise (i.e., pairings of DNA fragments by random chance) in addition to true signal (i.e., pairings of DNA fragments by interactions). In this paper, we propose MC_DIST based on a mixture modeling framework to identify true chromatin interactions from ChIA-PET count data (counts of DNA fragment pairs). The model is cast into a Bayesian framework to take into account the dependency among the data and the available information on protein binding sites and gene promoters to reduce false positives. A simulation study showed that MC_DIST outperforms the previously proposed hypergeometric model in terms of both power and type I error rate. A real data study showed that MC_DIST may identify potential chromatin interactions between protein binding sites and gene promoters that may be missed by the hypergeometric model. An R package implementing the MC_DIST model is available at
Effects of β-Alanine on Body Composition and Performance Measures in Collegiate Women
Authors: Outlaw Jordan J. , Smith-Ryan Abbie E. , Buckley Amanda L. , Urbina Stacie L. , Hayward Sara , Wingfield Hailee L. , Campbell Bill , Foster Cliffa , Taylor Lem W. , Wilborn Colin D. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Outlaw, JJ, Smith-Ryan, AE, Buckley, AL, Urbina, SL, Hayward, S, Wingfield, HL, Campbell, B, Foster, C, Taylor, LW, and Wilborn, CD. Effects of β-alanine on body composition and performance measures in collegiate women. J Strength Cond Res 30(9): 2627–2637, 2016—The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of β-alanine (BA) supplementation and resistance training on body composition and performance. In a double-blind placebo-controlled design, 16 untrained collegiate females (mean ± SD: 21.0 ± 2.2 years; 64.8 ± 8.5 kg; 164.5 ± 7.0 cm; 30.1 ± 5.1 percent body fat [%BF]) completed 8 weeks of resistance training while consuming either 3.4 g BA or placebo (PL; 5 g maltodextrin) before training sessions. Training consisted of 4 days per week upper- and lower-body exercises. Lean body mass (LBM), fat mass (FM), and %BF were assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Maximal oxygen consumption (V̇o
2max), aerobic time to exhaustion, Wingate peak power, bench press and leg press 1RM (BPmax; LPmax), and repetitions at 65% (BPreps; LPreps), vertical jump (VJ), and standing broad jump were assessed using standard National Strength and Conditioning Association guidelines. All measurements were taken at baseline (T1), 4 weeks (T2), and 8 weeks (T3). Repeated-measures analysis of variance and 95% confidence intervals were used to determine significance. Body composition (LBM, FM, and %BF) improved over time (p < 0.01) for both groups. Maximal strength and VJ increased significantly from baseline to T3 (p ≤ 0.05). There was a significant interaction for LPreps (p = 0.040), with only BA group resulting in significantly greater LPreps (p = 0.041) at T2 and T3. Results from this study suggest that 8 weeks, 4 days per week progressive resistance training and BA supplementation may be effective for improving lower-body muscular endurance. β-alanine had no additive effects on body composition or maximal strength in collegiate women.
Numerical Formats within Risk Disclosures and the Moderating Effect of Investors' Concerns about Management Discretion
Authors: Nelson Mark W. , Rupar Kathy K. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACT
We report the results of two experiments that provide evidence that investors' risk judgments are affected by the numerical format used to describe outcomes within accounting disclosures. Consistent with prior research in psychology, investors assess higher risk in response to dollar-formatted disclosures than to equivalent percentage-formatted disclosures. Consistent with the Persuasion Knowledge Model (Friestad and Wright 1994), this effect is moderated when investors have both (1) awareness that management has discretion over format, and (2) sufficient cognitive capacity to consider its implications. Our results provide insight about the effects of current disclosure formats and suggest implications for managers who choose formats, investors who interpret formatted information, and regulators who consider whether to further prescribe the formats that are used in financial disclosures.
Early vs late orthodontic treatment of tooth crowding by first premolar extraction: A systematic review
Authors: Filho Hibernon Lopes , Maia Lúcio H. , Lau Thiago C. L. , de Souza Margareth M. G. , Maia Lucianne Cople 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To investigate the body of evidence in the literature about the most favorable time for initiating orthodontic treatment in patients with severe crowding caused by tooth size arch length deficiency (TSALD).

Materials and Methods:
Electronic databases (PubMed, Ovid Medline, Scopus, Virtual Health Library, and The Cochrane Library) were searched for articles published between 1900 and April 2014. Studies were included that evaluated treatment of patients with severe crowding caused TSALD, who were treated with first premolar extraction. The association between the stage of development of occlusion at which treatment was started, and the primary and/or secondary outcomes of early and late treatment were investigated.

Results:
After application of the eligibility criteria and reading of the full texts, six articles were included in the final review. Of these six articles, all of which were retrospective, four showed that the primary outcome (correction of severe crowding) of the early and late groups was improved, but without statistically significant differences after treatment. Therefore, the findings of secondary outcomes in the literature (postretention crowding relapse, duration of total and active treatment [treatment with appliances], external apical root resorption, and soft tissue profile) were the target of this study. These studies presented low or moderate methodological quality and control of bias.

Conclusions:
Both early and late extraction had a similar effect on correction of crowding. Early treatment had two favorable secondary outcomes (less relapse and reduced active treatment time) vs late treatment. However, the levels of evidence were not sufficient to assert which protocol was superior. (Angle Orthod. 2015;85:510–517.)
Changes of anterior maxillary alveolar bone thickness following incisor proclination and extrusion
Authors: Thongudomporn Udom , Charoemratrote Chairat , Jearapongpakorn Sarayut 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To investigate changes in maxillary alveolar bone thickness after maxillary incisor proclination and extrusion during anterior crossbite correction in a group of growing patients with Class III malocclusion.

Materials and Methods:
Maxillary incisors of 15 growing patients with anterior crossbite were proclined and extruded with 0.016″ beta-titanium advancing loops and Class III elastics. Lateral cephalograms were recorded before advancement (T0) and 4 months after a normal overjet and overbite were achieved (T1). Changes in alveolar bone thickness surrounding the maxillary incisors at the crestal (S1), midroot (S2), and apical (S3) levels were measured using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Paired t-tests were used to determine the significance of the changes. A Spearman rank correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between thickness changes and the rate and amount of incisor movements.

Results:
Although statistically significant decreases were observed in palatal and total bone thickness at the S2 and S3 level (P &lt; .05), the amounts of these changes were clinically insignificant, ranging from 0.34 to 0.59 mm. Changes in labial bone thickness at all levels were not significant. Changes in palatal bone thickness at S3 were negatively correlated with changes in incisor inclination. (r  =  −0.71; P &lt; .05).

Conclusion:
In a group of growing patients with Class III malocclusion undergoing anterior crossbite correction, controlled tipping mechanics accompanied by extrusive force may produce successful tooth movement with minimal iatrogenic detriment to the alveolar bone.
Considerations on Direct Antiviral Agent Therapy in Patients Having Chronic Hepatitis C from Constanta County
Authors: Stavar Angelica , Dumitru Irina-Magdalena , Rugina S 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Introduction: Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) have a direct action in chronic hepatitis C, their addition to the standard therapy with interferon alfa2 (IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) significantly improving the sustained virologic response (SVR) in this disease. Objective: The study analyses the results of triple therapy inclduign DAA in terms of tolerability and efficiency. Material and method: We selected a lot of 24 patients who concluded the DAA administration period, being in the period of finalization of standard therapy at the time of the study. In all the patients clinical and paraclinical assesment was performed including laboratory tests, fibroscan, echography, etc.
Results: The duration of the therapy consisting in association of DAA to the standard treatment was 3 months and led to a remarkable result represented by a high rate of negativation of viremia (83.3%). Among the adverse reactions recorded, the most important were: anemia 17 patients (70.8%), leucopenia 10 patients (41.6%), thrombocitopenia 14 patients (58.3%), hyperbilirubinemia 3 patients (12,5%); hyperuricemia 8 patients (33,3%), hypocalcemia 4 patients (16.6%), loss of weight 4 patients (16,6%), anal pruritus (16,6%); among the 24 patients, 2% did not exhibit any adverse reactions.
Conclusions: Despite of the various adverse reactions recorded, the triple therapy consisting in DAA added to the standard treatment proves its utility, and the high rates of sustained viral reaction justifies its utilization. It is necessary to increase the number of patients who benefit from the advantages of triple therapy, which, after becoming larger available, could become a new standard therapy in patients with viral chronic hepatitis.
Effects of Pilates and aqua fitness training on older adults’ physical functioning and quality of life
Authors: Vécseyné Kovách Magdolna , Kopkáné Plachy Judit , Bognár József , Olvasztóné Balogh Zsuzsanna , Barthalos István 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Study aim: To measure the effects of Pilates and aqua fitness training on functional fitness and quality of life in older individuals.
Material and methods: A total of 54 participants (M = 66.4 ± 6.2 years) from a club for retired people in Eger, Hungary, were randomly assigned to 3 groups: one did Pilates 3 times/week (n = 22); one did aqua fitness 3 times/week (n = 17); and a control group (n = 15). The Fullerton Functional Fitness Test (FFFT) was used to measure functional fitness pre - and post-program. Quality of life was measured by WHO’s quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL).
Results: In the FFFT, significant improvement was found in 5 out of 7 variables: lower and upper body strength, lower body flexibility, physical mobility (especially dynamic balance), and aerobic endurance by the Pilates group. Shoulder flexibility improved significantly in the Aqua fitness group. Lower body strength improved in the control group. BMI did not change significantly in any of the groups. WHOQOL showed improvement in perception and autonomy in the Pilates group; sociability in the Aqua group. The between-subject analyses yielded a significant main effect of the experimental group F(1, 52) = 4367 (p < 0.001).
Discussion: A 6-month intervention program is an appropriate tool to improve overall physical performance of healthy, inactive older adults, regardless of the type of exercise concerning Pilates or Aqua fitness, but might improve only some aspects of QOL. There is a strong need for well-designed intervention programs for the elderly.
Red photonic glasses and confined structures
Authors: Gonçalves R.R. , Lukowiak A. , Ristic D. , Boulard B. , Chiappini A. , Chiasera A. , Dorosz D. , Marciniak M. , Righini G.C. , Ferrari M. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
We present some recent results obtained by our team in rare earth doped photonic glasses and confined structures, in order to give some highlights regarding the state of art in glass photonics. To evidence the unique properties of transparent glass ceramics we compare spectroscopic and structural properties between the parent glass and the glass ceramics. Starting from planar waveguides we move to spherical microresonators, a very interesting class of photonic confined structures. We also conclude the short review with some remarks about the perspective for glass photonics.