bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Russian pseudo-conservatism in an international context
Authors: Zhavoronkov Alexey 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a short analysis of the so-called ‘conservative turn’ in contemporary Russia. This ‘turn’ is examined in the context of the previous development of Russian conservatism, particularly its degradation into imitational bureaucratic conservatism in the second half of the nineteenth century. I argue that this ‘new conservatism’ in contemporary Russian politics reflects this degradation and is, in fact, a pseudo-conservatism which has no conservative core but rather an ad hoc (tactical, pseudo-historical, anti-intellectual) character. I also argue that we need to revise our understanding of contemporary autocracies in light of this phenomenon, which is deeply connected to the worldwide crisis of conservatism.
Pre-existing cell subpopulations in primary prostate cancer tumors display surface fingerprints of docetaxel-resistant cells
Authors: Drápela Stanislav , Kvokačková Barbora , Slabáková Eva , Kotrbová Anna , Gömöryová Kristína , Fedr Radek , Kurfürstová Daniela , Eliáš Martin , Študent jr Vladimír , Lenčéšová Frederika , Ranjani Ganji Sri , Pospíchalová Vendula , Bryja Vítězslav , van Weerden Wytske M. , Puhr Martin , Culig Zoran , Bouchal Jan , Souček Karel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Docetaxel resistance is a significant obstacle in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa), resulting in unfavorable patient prognoses. Intratumoral heterogeneity, often associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), has previously emerged as a phenomenon that facilitates adaptation to various stimuli, thus promoting cancer cell diversity and eventually resistance to chemotherapy, including docetaxel. Hence, understanding intratumoral heterogeneity is essential for better patient prognosis and the development of personalized treatment strategies.

Methods
To address this, we employed a high-throughput single-cell flow cytometry approach to identify a specific surface fingerprint associated with docetaxel-resistance in PCa cells and complemented it with proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles. We further validated selected antigens using docetaxel-resistant patient-derived xenografts in vivo and probed primary PCa specimens to interrogate of their surface fingerprint.

Results
Our approaches revealed a 6-molecule surface fingerprint linked to docetaxel resistance in primary PCa specimens. We observed consistent overexpression of CD95 (FAS/APO-1), and SSEA-4 surface antigens in both in vitro and in vivo docetaxel-resistant models, which was also observed in a cell subpopulation of primary PCa tumors exhibiting EMT features. Furthermore, CD95, along with the essential enzymes involved in SSEA-4 synthesis, ST3GAL1, and ST3GAL2, displayed a significant increase in patients with PCa undergoing docetaxel-based therapy, correlating with poor survival outcomes.

Conclusion
In summary, we demonstrate that the identified 6-molecule surface fingerprint associated with docetaxel resistance pre-exists in a subpopulation of primary PCa tumors before docetaxel treatment. Thus, this fingerprint warrants further validation as a promising predictive tool for docetaxel resistance in PCa patients prior to therapy initiation.
Regional Rainfall Damage Functions to Estimate Direct Economic Losses in Rainstorms: A Case Study of the 2016 Extreme Rainfall Event in Hebei Province of China
Authors: Chen Xiaojuan , Xu Yifu , Li Ting , Wei Jun , Wu Jidong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDeveloping a regional damage function to quickly estimate direct economic losses (DELs) caused by heavy rain and floods is crucial for providing scientific supports in effective disaster response and risk reduction. This study investigated the factors that influence regional rainfall-induced damage and developed a calibrated regional rainfall damage function (RDF) using data from the 2016 extreme rainfall event in Hebei Province, China. The analysis revealed that total precipitation, asset value exposure, per capita GDP, and historical geological disaster density at both the township and county levels significantly affect regional rainfall-induced damage. The coefficients of the calibrated RDF indicate that doubling the values of these factors leads to varying increases or decreases in rainfall-induced damage. Furthermore, the study demonstrated a spatial scale dependency in the coefficients of the RDF, with increased elasticity values for asset value exposure and per capita GDP at the county level compared to the township level. The findings emphasize the challenges of applying RDFs across multiple scales and highlight the importance of considering socioeconomic factors in assessing rainfall-induced damage. Despite the limitations and uncertainties of the RDF developed, this study contributes to our understanding of the relationship between physical and socioeconomic factors and rainfall-induced damage. Future research should prioritize enhancing exposure estimation and calibrating RDFs for various types of rainfall-induced disasters to improve model accuracy and performance. The study also acknowledges the variation in RDF performance across different physical environments, especially concerning geological disasters and slope stability.
$$(b,\nu )$$-algebras and their twisted modules
Authors: Bautista R. , Pérez E. , Salmerón L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe give an intrinsic characterization of the closure under shifts $$\widehat{{\mathcal {A}}}$$

A
^

of a given strictly unital $$A_\infty $$

A
∞

-category $${{\mathcal {A}}}$$
A
. We study some arithmetical properties of its higher operations and special conflations in the precategory of cocycles $${{\mathcal {Z}}}({{\mathcal {A}}})$$

Z
(
A
)

of its $$A_\infty $$

A
∞

-category of twisted modules. We exhibit a structure for $${{\mathcal {Z}}}(\widehat{{\mathcal {A}}})$$

Z
(

A
^

)

similar to a special Frobenius category. We derive that the cohomology category $$\mathcal{H}(\widehat{{\mathcal {A}}})$$

H
(

A
^

)

appears as the corresponding stable category and then we review how this implies that $${{\mathcal {H}}}(\widehat{\mathcal{A}})$$

H
(

A
^

)

is a triangulated category.
Consumers’ attitudes and intentions toward functional beverages: a lesson for producers and retailers
Authors: Kowalska Aleksandra , Leoniak Krzysztof , Sołowiej Bartosz Grzegorz 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFunctional foods and drinks benefit human health beyond adequate nutritional effects. The rising popularity of functional beverages (FBs) is associated, among others, with their convenience and capacity to meet consumer needs. This research study aimed to explore the predictors of consumers’ intentions toward functional beverages FBs and develop guidelines for how producers and retailers could develop adequate strategies regarding the products. The online questionnaire survey examined consumers’ willingness to purchase (WTP) FBs in three categories: (i) yogurts, kefirs; (ii) isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic drinks; (iii) smoothie drinks, and fruit/vegetable cocktails. The questionnaire considered consumers’ values, attitudes, and intentions toward FBs. A four-stage hierarchical multiple regression was undertaken. Predictors of WTP products from the selected groups differed. Women were more willing to buy fruit and vegetable-based FBs than men. Reward from using functional foods was the strongest predictor of consumers’ WTP dairy FBs and sports drinks. We suggest conducting an experimental study in the future, which should allow us to best determine cause-and-effect relationships between values and attitudes and WTP FBs. Food habits are essential determinants of consumer intentions toward FBs; hence, we suggest promoting healthy nutrition habits within public–private partnerships. Retailers that offer health foods and employ societal retailing may disclose this information in sustainability reporting. The originality of this study resides in designing a model for assessing consumers’ attitudes and intentions toward FBs belonging to three selected categories. Previous studies were usually focused on the functional food market in Asian countries. We examined consumers’ WTP FBs in a European country.
Multi-scale morphological analysis of brake lining surface and load-bearing arrangement in the contact
Authors: Baklouti Mouna , Cristol Anne-Lise , Desplanques Yannick , Elleuch Riadh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the case of braking, a diversity of friction mechanisms occurs at the interface, caused by the heterogeneity of the composition, properties, and thermal phenomena. After friction, the obtained surfaces of the brake lining materials are highly heterogeneous. Load-bearing plates which are also called contact plateaus are formed with a compacted third body and constitute the sites of energy dissipation and sliding velocity accommodation. Their arrangement and preferential localizations in the contact constitute a key factor for the understanding of friction-induced phenomena and braking performance. Within this framework, a morphological characterization method has been set up based on several measurement techniques to explore the macroscopic and microscopic contact situation of the pad-disc system. The results show that exploiting Abbott curve parameters combined with roughness parameters is an effective way to give a detailed and comprehensive morphological description of the brake pad friction surface. It can be seen that the contact plateaus have preferential locations which give a particular load-bearing arrangement in the pad-disc interface which can be explained by friction and wear mechanisms. Results reveal also the main encountered difficulties, especially regarding the significance of scales and parameters describing the morphology of the friction material surface and the load-bearing plates disposition.
Analyzing Ballot Order Effects When Voters Rank Candidates
Authors: Atsusaka Yuki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHow does candidate order on the ballot affect voting behavior when voters rank candidates? I extend the analysis of ballot order effects to electoral systems with ordinal ballots, where voters rank candidates, including ranked-choice voting (RCV). First, I discuss two types of ballot order effects, including “position effects”—voters vote for specific candidates because of their ballot positions—and “pattern ranking”—voters rank candidates geometrically given their grid-style ballots. Next, I discuss experimental designs for identifying and estimating these effects based on ballot order randomization. Moreover, I illustrate the proposed methods by using survey and natural experiments based on mayoral and congressional RCV elections in 2022. I find that while voters seem less susceptible to specific ballot positions, ballot design can still impact voters’ ranking behavior via pattern ranking. This work has several implications for ballot design, survey research, and ranking data analysis. First, it shows that pattern ranking may affect electoral outcomes in RCV and other systems even when ballot order is fully randomized. Consequently, it may be worth considering an alternative solution to ballot order effects, which does not solely depend on randomization or rotation. Second, similar effects may impact any survey research using ranking questions. Future research must investigate the statistical consequences of pattern ranking for survey research. Finally, ranking data allow researchers to study diverse quantities of interest while targeting many different substantive questions. However, this flexibility also implies that analyzing ranking data can be prone to arbitrary analysis.
Landscape‐Scale Modeling to Forecast Fluvial‐Aeolian Sediment Connectivity in River Valleys
Authors: Kasprak Alan , Sankey Joel B. , Caster Joshua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSedimentary landforms on Earth and other planetary bodies are built through scour, transport, and deposition of sediment. Sediment connectivity refers to the hypothesis that pathways of sediment transport do not occur in isolation, but rather are mechanistically linked. In dryland river systems, one such example of sediment connectivity is the transport of fluvially deposited sediment by wind. However, predictive tools that can forecast fluvial‐aeolian sediment connectivity at meaningful scales are rare. Here we develop a suite of models for quantifying the availability of river‐sourced sediment for aeolian transport as a function of river flow, wind regime, and land cover across 168 km of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, USA. We compare and validate these models using topographic changes observed over 10 years in a coupled river sandbar‐aeolian dunefield setting. The models provide a path forward for directly linking fluvial hydrology with the management and understanding of aeolian landscapes.
Deep Low‐Frequency Earthquake Reveals Unsteady Fluid Flow Beneath Tengchong Volcano Field in Southeast Tibet
Authors: Niu Jieming , Wang Xin , Chen Qi‐Fu , Jiang Jinzhong , Sun Zigang , Wang Yan , Huang Qinghua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDeep low‐frequency earthquakes (DLFE) are observed beneath volcanoes worldwide but are limited to island arc volcanoes, hotspot volcanoes, and rift zones. Here we show DLFEs in the Tengchong Volcano Field, southeast Tibet, located ∼300 km from the Indo‐Burma volcanic arc, by analyzing a 12‐year continuous seismic data set. The earthquakes were at a depth of ∼12 km, near the sidewall of the magma body detected by the magnetotelluric survey. The features of isotropic focal mechanism, episodic occurrence, and possible non‐power‐law scaling, with no detectable geodetic deformation, as well as the petrological signatures of the Holocene eruption product, suggest that the earthquakes were likely associated with the weak intermittent magma flows near the magma body. This finding may demonstrate the existence of unsteady magmatic processes in the margin of the Indo‐Eurasia collision zone, which could indicate unneglectable volcanic hazards, underestimated geothermal resources, and mineralization processes in similar regions.
Physics‐Informed Neural Networks Trained With Time‐Lapse Geo‐Electrical Tomograms to Estimate Water Saturation, Permeability and Petrophysical Relations at Heterogeneous Soils
Authors: Sakar C. , Schwartz N. , Moreno Z. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDetermining soil hydraulic properties is complex, posing ongoing challenges in managing subsurface and agricultural practices. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is an appealing geophysical method to monitor the subsurface due to its non‐invasive, easy‐to‐apply and cost‐effective nature. However, obtaining geoelectrical tomograms from raw measurements requires the inversion of an ill‐posed problem, which causes smoothing of the actual structure. Furthermore, the spatial resolution is determined from the distances in the electrode placement, thus inherently upscaling the obtained structure. This study explores the applicability of physics‐informed neural networks (PINNs) for upscaling permeability and petrophysical relations and monitoring water dynamics at heterogeneous soils using time‐lapse geoelectrical data. High‐resolution numerical simulations mimicking water infiltration were used as benchmarks. Synthetic ERT surveys with electrode spacing 10 times larger than the numerical model resolution were conducted to provide 2D electrical tomograms. The tomograms were fed to a PINNs system to obtain the permeability, petrophysical relations, and water content maps. An additional PINNs system incorporating water content measurements was trained to examine measurement sensitivity. Results have shown that the PINNs system could produce reliable results regarding the upscaled permeability and petrophysical relations fields. Water dynamics at the subsurface was accurately predicted with an average error of ∼3%. Adding water content measurements to PINNs training improved the system outcomes, mainly at the ERT low sensitivity zones. The PINNs system reduced water saturation errors by more than 30% compared to the common practice of directly translating the geoelectrical tomograms to water saturations using known, homogeneous petrophysical relations.
Low cross-talk optical addressing of trapped-ion qubits using a novel integrated photonic chip
Authors: Sotirova Ana S. , Sun Bangshan , Leppard Jamie D. , Wang Andong , Wang Mohan , Vazquez-Brennan Andres , Nadlinger David P. , Moser Simon , Jesacher Alexander , He Chao , Pokorny Fabian , Booth Martin J. , Ballance Christopher J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIndividual optical addressing in chains of trapped atomic ions requires the generation of many small, closely spaced beams with low cross-talk. Furthermore, implementing parallel operations necessitates phase, frequency, and amplitude control of each individual beam. Here, we present a scalable method for achieving all of these capabilities using a high-performance integrated photonic chip coupled to a network of optical fibre components. The chip design results in very low cross-talk between neighbouring channels even at the micrometre-scale spacing by implementing a very high refractive index contrast between the channel core and cladding. Furthermore, the photonic chip manufacturing procedure is highly flexible, allowing for the creation of devices with an arbitrary number of channels as well as non-uniform channel spacing at the chip output. We present the system used to integrate the chip within our ion trap apparatus and characterise the performance of the full individual addressing setup using a single trapped ion as a light-field sensor. Our measurements showed intensity cross-talk below ~10–3 across the chip, with minimum observed cross-talk as low as ~10–5.
Non-human primate model of long-COVID identifies immune associates of hyperglycemia
Authors: Palmer Clovis S. , Perdios Chrysostomos , Abdel-Mohsen Mohamed , Mudd Joseph , Datta Prasun K. , Maness Nicholas J. , Lehmicke Gabrielle , Golden Nadia , Hellmers Linh , Coyne Carol , Moore Green Kristyn , Midkiff Cecily , Williams Kelsey , Tiburcio Rafael , Fahlberg Marissa , Boykin Kyndal , Kenway Carys , Russell-Lodrigue Kasi , Birnbaum Angela , Bohm Rudolf , Blair Robert , Dufour Jason P. , Fischer Tracy , Saied Ahmad A. , Rappaport Jay 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHyperglycemia, and exacerbation of pre-existing deficits in glucose metabolism, are manifestations of the post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2. Our understanding of metabolic decline after acute COVID-19 remains unclear due to the lack of animal models. Here, we report a non-human primate model of metabolic post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 using SARS-CoV-2 infected African green monkeys. Using this model, we identify a dysregulated blood chemokine signature during acute COVID-19 that correlates with elevated and persistent hyperglycemia four months post-infection. Hyperglycemia also correlates with liver glycogen levels, but there is no evidence of substantial long-term SARS-CoV-2 replication in the liver and pancreas. Finally, we report a favorable glycemic effect of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine, administered on day 4 post-infection. Together, these data suggest that the African green monkey model exhibits important similarities to humans and can be utilized to assess therapeutic candidates to combat COVID-related metabolic defects.
Structural insights into i-motif DNA structures in sequences from the insulin-linked polymorphic region
Authors: Guneri Dilek , Alexandrou Effrosyni , El Omari Kamel , Dvořáková Zuzana , Chikhale Rupesh V. , Pike Daniel T. S. , Waudby Christopher A. , Morris Christopher J. , Haider Shozeb , Parkinson Gary N. , Waller Zoë A. E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe insulin-linked polymorphic region is a variable number of tandem repeats region of DNA in the promoter of the insulin gene that regulates transcription of insulin. This region is known to form the alternative DNA structures, i-motifs and G-quadruplexes. Individuals have different sequence variants of tandem repeats and although previous work investigated the effects of some variants on G-quadruplex formation, there is not a clear picture of the relationship between the sequence diversity, the DNA structures formed, and the functional effects on insulin gene expression. Here we show that different sequence variants of the insulin linked polymorphic region form different DNA structures in vitro. Additionally, reporter genes in cellulo indicate that insulin expression may change depending on which DNA structures form. We report the crystal structure and dynamics of an intramolecular i-motif, which reveal sequences within the loop regions forming additional stabilising interactions that are critical to formation of stable i-motif structures. The outcomes of this work reveal the detail in formation of stable i-motif DNA structures, with potential for rational based drug design for compounds to target i-motif DNA.
H-NS is a bacterial transposon capture protein
Authors: Cooper Charles , Legood Simon , Wheat Rachel L. , Forrest David , Sharma Prateek , Haycocks James R. J. , Grainger David C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe histone-like nucleoid structuring (H-NS) protein is a DNA binding factor, found in gammaproteobacteria, with functional equivalents in diverse microbes. Universally, such proteins are understood to silence transcription of horizontally acquired genes. Here, we identify transposon capture as a major overlooked function of H-NS. Using genome-scale approaches, we show that H-NS bound regions are transposition “hotspots”. Since H-NS often interacts with pathogenicity islands, such targeting creates clinically relevant phenotypic diversity. For example, in Acinetobacter baumannii, we identify altered motility, biofilm formation, and interactions with the human immune system. Transposon capture is mediated by the DNA bridging activity of H-NS and, if absent, more ubiquitous transposition results. Consequently, transcribed and essential genes are disrupted. Hence, H-NS directs transposition to favour evolutionary outcomes useful for the host cell.
Local environmental factors drive distributions of ecologically-contrasting mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Wouters Roel M. , Beukema Wouter , Schrama Maarten , Biesmeijer Koos , Braks Marieta A. H. , Helleman Pepijn , Schaffner Francis , van Slobbe Joey , Stroo Arjan , van der Beek Jordy G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMosquitoes are important vectors of disease pathogens and multiple species are undergoing geographical shifts due to global changes. As such, there is a growing need for accurate distribution predictions. Ecological niche modelling (ENM) is an effective tool to assess mosquito distribution patterns and link these to underlying environmental preferences. Typically, macroclimatic variables are used as primary predictors of mosquito distributions. However, they likely undervalue local conditions and intraspecific variation in environmental preferences. This is problematic, as mosquito control takes place at the local scale. Utilising high-resolution (10 × 10 m) Maxent ENMs on the island of Bonaire as model system, we explore the influence of local environmental variables on mosquito distributions. Our results show a distinct set of environmental variables shape distribution patterns across ecologically-distinct species, with urban variables strongly associated with introduced species like Aedesaegypti and Culexquinquefasciatus, while native species show habitat preferences for either mangroves, forests, or ephemeral water habitats. These findings underscore the importance of distinct local environmental factors in shaping distributions of different mosquitoes, even on a small island. As such, these findings warrant further studies aimed at predicting high-resolution mosquito distributions, opening avenues for preventative management of vector-borne disease risks amidst ongoing global change and ecosystem degradation.