bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is it possible for parents to endure a stillbirth diagnosis? Initially experiences, perceptions and internal strategies: Individual in-depth interviews in Sweden 2021-2023
Authors: Höglund Berit , Hildingsson Ingegerd 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Stillbirth occurs 3.0 per thousand in Sweden, and in-depth thoughts, feelings and worries among affected parents in a longitudinal study is rather unknown. The aim of this qualitative in-depth study is to deepen and widely explore parents’ initially experiences and perceptions and internal processes and strategies from awareness and suspicion of stillbirth until one month after stillbirth in Sweden.
Methods: Ten individual in-depth interviews were conducted in 2021-2023 and data were evaluated in thematic network analysis.
Results: Two organizing themes ‘Pregnancy, Awareness, Information, Reactions and Reflections at Tragical Stillbirth Diagnosis’ and ‘Support and Structured Activities and Internal Processes at Stillbirth’ captured significant deepen consequenses of sudden unexpected and devastating end of the pregnancy. The suspicion of and the stillbirth diagnosis was initially associated with sudden discomfort and fears and bottomless grief and intensive pain, but a vaginal birth became in total the optimal method both for the body and soul. Caring for the stillborn baby with physical proximity for an extended period of time facilitated understanding and coping with the grieving process and embracing parenthood.
Conclusions: Parents experiencing stillbirth were exposed to an unimaginable and irreversible life-changing event, but almost all developed coping strategies during the first intensive and painful month after the stillbirth in order to move on in the grieving process.
Prognostic Nutritional Index is a valuable prognostic marker in Mexican patients operated on and not on gastrointestinal stromal tumors. A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Herrera-Goepfert Roberto , Soca-Chafre Giovanny , Oñate-Ocaña Luis F. , Montiel-Dávalos Angélica , Rodríguez-Maldonado Emma , Castro-Martínez Elvira 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose.
The immune-nutritional status of patients with cancer has a profound impact on their lifespan. The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) has been used to evaluate, among others, the prognosis in operated patients harboring neoplastic as well as non-neoplastic conditions. This study estimates the survival of Mexican patients suffering from gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) operated on or not based on PNI.
Methods.
The immune-nutritional status was retrospectively analyzed in a cohort of 146 patients with GIST. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to estimate optimal cutoff point and to predict overall survival (OS) for prognostic nutritional index (PNI). Survival curves were obtained with the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests. A Multivariate analysis of survival was performed with Cox regression.
Results.
PNI cutoff was 36.5 and the only independent prognostic score (0.007); the PNI-high group had better survival (p = 0.001). High PNI was correlated with surgical intervention and low mitotic index.
Conclusions.
PNI < 36.5 entails a worse prognosis for Mexican patients suffering from GIST. PNI has a high ability to predict survival, even in patients for whom surgery is not a feasible option. The PNI is a simple and reliable calculation tool, as well as an inexpensive, reproducible, and powerful factor to predict patient prognosis, besides the pathological approach.
Pharmacokinetics of matrine and amoxicillin in pigs after gavage administration of each drug alone and in combination
Authors: Li RuoNan , Zhou DanNa , Hu HuiYu , Wang FuHao , Lv XiaoLing , Sun Lei , Sun XueYan , Yu DaoJin , Yang Bo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background Matrine (MT) exhibits antibiotic resistance reversal and antiviral activities in vitro. However, the in vivo efficacies of MT and amoxicillin (AMO)-MT combination cannot be accurately evaluated due to the lack of pharmacokinetics (PK) data. The aim of this study was to investigate the PKs of MT and AMO in pigs after gavage administration of each drug alone and in combination.Results Twenty-four pigs were randomly distributed to three treatments, namely group A (MT, 50 mg/kg), group B (AMO, 50 mg/kg), and group C (MT, 50 mg/kg + AMO, 50 mg/kg). The maximum concentration (Cmax), area under the curve from time 0 to 36 h (AUC0 → 36 h), apparent volume of distribution (Vd) and total body clearance (ClB) for group A were 1389.73 ± 320.05 µg/L, 4138.16 ± 1245.23 h*µg/L, 63.08 ± 22.24 L/kg and 12.98 ± 3.71 L/h/kg, respectively, versus 21153.92 ± 16967.88 µg/L (P < 0.01), 40239.83 ± 22044.18 h*µg/L (P < 0.01), 9.93 ± 3.86 L/kg (P < 0.01), and 1.61 ± 0.81 L/h/kg (P < 0.01) for group B. Significantly greater Tmax, ClB, Vd (P < 0.05) and lower Cmax, AUC0 → 36 h (P < 0.05) were observed in group A compared to those in group C.Conclusions Compared with AMO, MT was poorly absorbed, extensively distributed and rapid eliminated in pigs. The PK profiles of MT and AMO changed significantly after the combined administration of these two drugs, indicating the occurrence of PK drug-drug interaction between MT and AMO.
Microwaves activate immune response and promote lymphocytes proliferation of Wistar rats
Authors: Ma Lizhen , Cao Shu hua , Zou Yong , Zhi Weijia , Zhao Xuelong , Zhang Mingzhao , Yan Zhifeng , Hu Xiangjun , Wang lifeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
The potential effects of microwave radiation on human health have been increasingly emphasized with its widespread application in human production and daily life. This study aimed to investigate microwave radiation effects on rat spleen tissue structure and immune function.
Methods
Male Wistar rats weighed approximately 320 to 350 g were subjected to S band (2.856 GHz) microwave radiation for 20 minutes at an average power density of 50 mW/cm2. At 0 and 7 days after exposure, the concentration of IL-1, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ in rat serum were detected by ELISA. HE staining was used to observe the structure of rat spleen. Western blotting was used to assess the expression of HSP70 and CRT in rat spleen. Additionally, mixed lymphocytes from rat spleens were isolated, and the morphology and proliferation of rat spleen mixed lymphocytes was observed after 24 hours of culture, and their proliferation was evaluated using the CCK-8 assay.
Results
After exposure to 50 mW/cm2 for 20 minutes, rats showed an increased secretion of inflammatory factors in their serum. This was observed both in the immediately irradiated group (R-0d) and in the irradiated group observed after 7 days (R-7d). The R-0d group exhibited lower levels of IL-1 and IL-8 than the control group (C-0d), while IL-2 and IL-10 secretion was elevated. Conversely, in the R-7d group, levels of IL-1, IL-2, and IL-10 were lower than those in the C-0d group, and IL-8 levels were lower compared to the control group. TNF-α and IFN-γ levels were elevated. Structural examination of rat spleen tissue revealed no significant damage. However, compared to the control group, the irradiated groups (R-0d and R-7d) showed a significant increase and thickening of the white pulp. Additionally, the boundary between the red and white medulla in the R-7d group appeared blurred. Western blotting showed no significant difference in the expression of HSP70 and CRT between the exposed and control groups. In addition, the splenic mixed lymphocytes in the irradiated group showed a significant proliferation of cell colonies. The results of the CCK-8 assay showed that the cell viability and proliferation capacity of the irradiated group were significantly increased compared to the control group.
Conclusion
The immune system of rats was activated, the pattern of cytokine secretion in rat serum was altered, splenocytes proliferation was promoted, potentially triggering an inflammatory immune response after exposure to 50 mW/cm² of microwave for 20 minutes.
Characterization of hydrological response of the Dawen River Basin under land use change
Authors: Luo Yanling , Qiao Xinhe , Dong Yunlong , Feng Zhonglun , Zhang Jie , Wang Gang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Land use change is one of the dominant drivers of hydrological change in the basin. Assessing the hydrological responses to land use changes is crucial for sustainable water resource management. We focused on the Dawen River Basin to analyze land use dynamics from 1985 to 2021. Using the SWAT model, we assessed hydrological responses under various land use scenarios, quantified impacts on hydrological elements, and employed the Random Forest Method to evaluate the impact of different land use types on runoff. Results show that from 1985 to 2021, cropland and grassland in the watershed decreased by 11.57% and 52.04%, respectively, while forest land and construction land increased by 11.45% and 103.85%, respectively; other land types showed no significant changes. These land use changes resulted in an increase in watershed evapotranspiration by 26.53 mm, a decrease in groundwater recharge by 19.64 mm, and an increase in surface runoff depth by 18.94 mm. Cultivated land, forest land, and grassland were identified as the major influencers on watershed runoff, with importance weights of 1.0729, 0.9607, and 0.8305, respectively. The variations in hydrological elements within the Dawen River watershed during the study period were primarily associated with the reduction in cultivated land and grassland area, coupled with an increase in constructed land area.
Utilize Data Augmentation and Flexi Corner Block for Road Damage Detection
Authors: Wu Zhaohui , Li Zhaojia , Sun XingLiang , Zhao Runjing , Bai Yingduo , Na Jiang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Road damage detection involves identifying cracks, potholes, and other surface irregularities from collected images. This technology is crucial for road maintenance and ensuring traffic safety. Despite significant progress in object detection algorithms, challenges such as weather-induced variability, dispersed key features, and diverse forms of damage persist. To address these issues, this paper proposes a road damage detection algorithm named Flexi-Weather Hard Detection, which integrates data augmentation based on AIGC and corner point feature aggregation. One of the modules, named Weather Trim Augment, utilizes stable diffusion technology to generate road damage data under various weather conditions. This enhancement expands the training dataset and reduces the negative impact of weather on detection accuracy. The Flexi Corner Block Block, utilizes deformable convolutions and combines a lightweight MLP with a learnable visual center mechanism to leverage corner points, enhancing local feature learning and improving the detection of subtle and dispersed features in a multi-scale context. Additionally, the HXIOU loss function is designed, employing weighted calculations and multiple metrics to effectively mine hard examples with significant variability, thus enhancing the detection accuracy of difficult cases such as blurred potholes and fine cracks. Comprehensive experiments on the RDD2020 and CNRDD datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly improves performance, achieving 64.9% in the Test1 metric and 40.6% in the F1-Score. Notably, the algorithm achieves robust detection in unannotated, adverse weather conditions such as snow and rain, showcasing excellent eneralization capabilities.
The Crucial Role of Polysomnography and Capnography in Children With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Kalyoncu Mine Yüksel , Gökdemir Yasemin , Yeğit Cansu Yılmaz , Yanaz Muruvvet , Gulieva Aynur , Selçuk Merve , Karabulut Şeyda , Çakar Neval Metin , Ergenekon Almala Pınar , Gündoğdu Yavuz , Sabancı Meltem , Lale Kadir , Eralp Ela Erdem , Öztürk Gülten , Ünver Olcay , Yumuşakhuylu Ali Cemal , Türkdoğan Dilşad , Karakoç Fazilet , Karadağ Bülent 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe, progressive condition characterized by muscle degeneration and weakness, significantly affecting respiratory function. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children with DMD and investigate the relationships between sleep and respiratory function using spirometry, sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP), and polysomnography (PSG) along with capnography.Research Question: Can low SNIP be a guide for detecting respiratory muscle involvement early and determining the right time to perform early PSG and capnography in DMD?Study Design: Prospective, observational, cross-sectional study.Methods This study included DMD patients aged < 18 years. Pulmonary function tests were conducted using spirometry and SNIP, and maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressure were measured. PSG and capnography were performed within two weeks after the pulmonary function tests, and their relationships with each other were investigated.Results The study included 44 children. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) was present in 70.5% of patients, while nocturnal hypoventilation was observed in 4.5%. SNIP values were significantly lower in patients with moderate-to-severe OSAS than in those without OSAS. An SNIP value below 40 cm H2O was associated with a 92.8% prevalence of OSAS.Conclusion SNIP is a valuable, noninvasive marker for the early detection of respiratory muscle involvement and SDB in patients with DMD. This study highlights the need for early and regular respiratory monitoring in children with DMD to enhance care and quality of life.
Enhancing Traffic Flow Monitoring with Machine Learning Integration on Cloud Data Warehousing
Authors: Peiyuan  , Zhou  , Zuwei  , Han  , Baoming  
Published: June 2024

Abstract

With urbanization and rising vehicle ownership rates, global traffic congestion and accidents have become pressing issues. This paper delves into leveraging cloud data warehousing and machine learning to tackle traffic flow monitoring and prediction, along with their potential in intelligent transportation systems. Through comprehensive analysis and case studies, it highlights how modern technology can enhance urban traffic management and services. Initially, the paper underscores the importance of traffic monitoring and prediction, identifying shortcomings in traditional approaches and advocating for machine learning solutions. It then reviews traditional traffic monitoring methods and explores machine learning's role in traffic flow prediction, illustrating its widespread application and evolving trends. Subsequently, the paper delves into the pivotal role of data warehousing in machine learning, encompassing data integration, management, cleaning, and multidimensional analysis. Additionally, it discusses the significance of relation matrices in graph convolution and presents experimental designs and model results for traffic flow prediction. Finally, the paper summarizes research findings, emphasizing the significance and future prospects of machine learning model design and cloud data warehousing in intelligent transportation systems.
Estigma internalizado en un grupo LGBT
Authors: Joya-Ramírez Nohora Estella , Mendieta-Izquierdo Giovane , Pérez-Hernández Elizabeth Aurora 
Published: June 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es describir el estigma internalizado en un grupo LGBT de Bogotá, Colombia. Se reconocen relaciones de poder y predomina el pensamiento heteronormativo, bicategorial, que configura el estigma sociocultural decantando en un estigma internalizado. Este afecta el desarrollo de sus capacidades y autonomía, limitando un mejor desarrollo humano.
Deterioration processes and modelling in urban drainage systems
Authors: Barraud S. , Bosco E. , Clemens-Meyer F.H.L.R. , Fernandes G. , Le Gat Y. , de Haan C. , Luimes R.A. , Makris K. , Rooyackers F.A.M. , Scheperboer I.C. , Skjelde J. , Suiker A.S.J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses and assesses processes underlying the loss of functionality of (elements) of urban drainage systems. The chapter does not pretend to cover all literature nor do the authors claim to cover all processes involved. As the body of literature experiences a rapid growth, the authors want to provide the reader a comprehensive overview of the literature to-date to be used as an entry for further exploration. Several processes are described and the possibility to model them in a deterministic manner is discussed. The last sections provide a brief introduction to the use of statistical models based on condition classes (as is applied in practice) along with a brief overview of advancements made in machine learning applications.
Evapotranspiration and crop coefficients of some vegetable crops grown under greenhouse conditions
Authors: Baştuğ Ruhi , Büyüktaş Dursun , Büyüktaş Kenan , Aydinsakir Koksal , Onus Ahmet Naci , Karaca Cihan 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
In this study, it was aimed to determine the Kc of tomato, eggplant, pepper and cucumber grown in two consecutive seasons in a year in a common type of plastic greenhouse, using the reference (grass) (ETo) and crop evapotranspiration (ETc) values measured directly in lysimeters. The study was carried out at drainage-type lysimeters placed in the greenhouse, with three replications for each crop and grass at Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey, from 2019 to 2020. Seasonal ETo values varied between 206.0 and 329.1 mm, while seasonal ETc values of crops varied between 243.6 and 529.3 mm for growing seasons ranging from 105 to 137 days. The crop coefficient (Kc) of the tomato, eggplant, pepper and cucumber crops under greenhouse conditions were between 0.4 and 0.6 for the initial stage (Kc ini); for maximum Kc values (mid-season stage) (Kc mid) between 1.4 and 1.8 in spring and 1.6–1.9 in fall; for the end-of-season stage (Kc end) it varied between 1.1 and 1.8 in spring and 0.7–1.4 in fall. It was concluded that the Kc values were higher due to the fact that the ground cover development and crop architecture changed significantly in the greenhouse compared to the field conditions.
Using an integrated hydro-economic model to determine the drought and energy relationship in the Upper Euphrates Basin
Authors: Tuna M. Cihat , Aytac Ayca , Dogan Mustafa Sahin 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Decreasing precipitation in the Upper Euphrates Basin and the negative impact of climate change directly affect water resources and hydroelectricity generation in the basin. This basin, which contains the largest dams in terms of hydroelectricity generation potential, requires research studies to assess and characterize drought for risk prevention and mitigation applicable to water resources management. To better assess drought in the upper Euphrates Basin due to recent warming, FEHEM is developed, a hydro-economic optimization model of the integrated reservoir system of the Upper Euphrates Basin. Using a historical hydrological dataset, water management and hydroelectric operations are evaluated with a linear programming model at monthly time steps. This paper uses two different drought indices: (1) the standardized precipitation index, which is based on precipitation alone; and (2) the reconnaissance drought index, which takes into account both evaporation and precipitation. These indices were used to evaluate the impact of temporal drought characteristics in the Upper Euphrates Basin on the hydropower generation of 10 dams with a total installed capacity of over 3255 MW in the basin, based on 45 years of precipitation data from more than a hundred measuring stations in the basin.
Drinking water intake of adults in typical cities in the major river basins of China
Authors: Zhang Lan , Gao Shenghua , Zhao Can , Han Jiayi , Ye Bixiong 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Water is indispensable to human life. Data on water consumption are essential for many health-related analyses. However, water consumption patterns vary significantly due to many factors, such as region, culture, and season. A survey was conducted on the drinking water intake of adults in typical cities in the major river basins of China. The intake rates of direct plain water, indirect plain water, commercial beverages, total plain water, and total water were assessed. The total plain water intake and total water intake were 1,777 and 1,942 ml/day for males, and 1,564 and 1,678 ml/day for females, respectively. Water intake varies depending on gender, age, body mass index, and seasonal and regional fluctuations. Region is the most important factor influencing the intake of total plain water, direct plain water, and total water, followed by season and gender. The intake of indirect plain water is mainly related to the region. Age is the most important factor affecting commercial beverage intake. A value of 1,666 ml/day is proposed as the recommended daily total plain water intake rate for use in exposure assessments in the Chinese context.
Knowledge, attitude and practice towards water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) among holy water users in Amhara regional state Orthodox churches, Ethiopia, 2024: institutional based cross-sectional study
Authors: Tesema Kassa Abebaw , Haimanot Aysheshim Belaineh 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Sanitation is the quality of living that is expressed in a clean home, a clean firm, a clean business, and a clean community to prevent disease and promote health. Poor water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) negatively impacts health, development, economic and social growth, and significantly hinders poverty alleviation. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding water, sanitation, and hygiene among holy water users in Amhara regional state Orthodox churches, Ethiopia, in 2024. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2023 in five randomly selected Orthodox Tewahido churches in the Amhara region. The study employed an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire to gather data from 423 study participants. The response rate was 91% and 219 (57% of the respondents) were female. Good knowledge, positive attitudes, and good practice on WASH was found in 39.2, 42.5, and 47.2%, respectively. In conclusion, Ethiopian Amhara Orthodox Tewahido churches, holy water users frequently lacked information, had an unfavorable attitude, and practiced poor WASH. This demands for immediate effort to raise knowledge about health education and hygiene in order to impact holy water user's attitudes toward personal and communal cleanliness and sanitation.
Different persistence among strains of E. faecalis and E. faecium in sterile treated wastewater microcosms: Effects of temperature and ciprofloxacin
Authors: Ehn Börjesson Stina-Mina , Rehnstam-Holm Ann-Sofi 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Intestinal enterococci are zoonotic bacteria found in various environments and they hold medical significance due to their inherent and acquired resistance. Significant quantities of enterococci are consistently discharged into aquatic environments through wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In this study, the culturability of several strains of Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis in sterilized treated wastewater at two temperatures or with the addition of low and high concentrations of ciprofloxacin (CIP) was evaluated. All strains remained culturable throughout the whole studied period (108 days), but E. faecalis showed a slightly lower culturability. The culturability of E. faecalis and the majority of E. faecium strains remained unaffected by the presence of CIP, although certain E. faecium strains exhibited a negative impact. We conclude that E. faecalis and E. faecium have the potential to form persister cells that will survive in treated wastewater, and that the response to different temperatures as well as CIP concentrations was species- and strain-specific. This is important to take into consideration when designing experiments that aim at evaluating the risk of WWTPs as a source of human pathogens, resistant bacteria, and resistance genes.