bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtues in Nicomachean Ethics and Ahlak-i Alai and their etymological equivalents in Terceme-i Kamusu’l-muhit<p>Nikomakhos'a Etik ile Ahlak-ı Alai'de erdemler ve Mütercim Asım'ın Kamus'undaki etimolojik karşılıkları
Authors: Ertuğ Nejdet 
Published: September 2015

<p>Moral examinations were enlarged not via the traditional thought but in accordance with the relatively scientific standards in the subareas like applied ethics and business ethics. Some peculiar terms of morality and of related areas were used as interchangeable or in different meanings and hence a terminology problem emerged. Therefore, we can say that in the examination of the traditional philosophy, knowing the original meaning and the historical evolution of the specific concepts will be helpful for the articulation of thought and can make a contribution for new and original insights. In this work firstly I specify the main virtues set forth in Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics and Kinali-zade Ali Efendi’s Ahlak-i Alai and compare the ideas of them. Secondly, I cite the etymological roots of the main virtues from Mutercim Asim Efendi’s Terceme-i Kamusu’l-muhit and give the meanings of each concept by taking into consideration of their historical alterations.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Özet</strong></p><p>Aristoteles, Platon ve İslam felsefesinde görüldüğü gibi, geleneksel düşüncenin hayatı organize eden belirleyici unsurlar olarak erdemleri esas aldığı anlayış günümüze kadar devam etmiştir. Ancak ahlaki sorgulamalar salt geleneksel düşünce ile değil uygulamalı etik ve meslek etikleri gibi alt alanlarda görece bilimsel ölçütlerle genişletilmiştir. Bu sebeple geleneksel düşünceyle alakalı araştırmalarda karşılaşılan kavramların kök anlamlarının ve tarihsel süreç içerisindeki evrilişinin bilinmesi düşüncenin açımlanmasını kolaylaştıracağı gibi yeni ve özgün bakış açılarına da katkıda bulunabilecektir. Bununla birlikte ahlak ve ilişkili diğer alanlarda kullanılan terimler bazen birbirinin yerine bazen farklı anlamlar yüklenerek kullanılmaya başlanmış ve bir terminoloji sorununu da ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu çalışmada önce Aristoteles'in Nikomakhos'a Etik ve Kınalı-zade Ali Efendi'nin Ahlak-ı Alai isimli eserlerinde yer alan ana erdemler belirlenerek düşünürlerin görüşleri mukayese edilmiştir. İkinci olarak temel erdemlerin etimolojik kökenleri Mütercim Asım Efendi'nin Terceme-i Kamusu'l-muhit isimli eserinden nakledilerek her bir kavramın tarihsel süreç içerisindeki anlamları verilmiştir. <strong></strong></p>
Are We Architects of Our Own Happiness? The Importance of Family Background for Well-Being
Authors: Schnitzlein Daniel D. , Wunder Christoph 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
This paper analyzes whether individuals have equal opportunity to achieve happiness (or well-being). We estimate sibling correlations and intergenerational correlations in self-reported life satisfaction, satisfaction with household income, job satisfaction, and satisfaction with health. We find high sibling correlations for all measures of well-being. The results suggest that family background explains, on average, between 30% and 60% of the inequality in permanent well-being. The influence is smaller when the siblings’ psychological and geographical distance from their parental home is larger. Results from intergenerational correlations suggest that parental characteristics are considerably less important than family and community factors.
Shopping Hours and Price Competition with Loyal Consumers
Authors: Flores Miguel , Wenzel Tobias 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
We study a retail market where firms compete in shopping hours and prices, and consumers have night-time or day-time preferences. In contrast to the existing literature, we introduce a market expansion effect of extending shopping hours by adding a segment of consumers (the loyal consumers) whose demand is increased if shopping hours are extended. We find that prices can increase due to shopping hours deregulation so that some consumers are worse off with deregulation. We also find that the extent of the price increase depends on the competitiveness of the retail industry.
Predictor-Corrector Balance Method for the Worst-Case 1D Option Pricing
Authors: Valkov Radoslav 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The paper presents a numerical approach for computation of the first spatial Greek, the Delta, of the option value, governed by the Black–Scholes equation with uncertain volatility and dividend yield. This fully nonlinear degenerate parabolic problem is handled by a monotone finite volume spatial discretization and a second-order predictor-corrector time stepping. Ample numerical results illustrate the performance of the algorithm.
Accountability of Venture Support Agencies: Do They Really Help?
Authors: Jagoda Kalinga , Lin Xiaohua , Calvert Victoria , Tao Shaw 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThere is widespread recognition of the vital role small and medium enterprises (SME) play in the sustainability of the Canadian rural landscape. However, rural entrepreneurs face barriers and challenges throughout the start-up and growth stages of their ventures. The rapid development of e-commerce, coupled with increasing big-box competition and shifting demographics challenge the sustainability of rural SMEs. The literature recognizes gaps in SME owner capability, pertaining to business planning, the use of financial information, the implementation of Information Technologies, and funding. It should be noted that the effectiveness of Government policies regarding support for training in these areas through publically funded agencies is well documented. However, research regarding the effectiveness of these agencies in reaching and meeting the needs of rural venture owners is primarily restricted to funding requirements. This paper examines the utilization and satisfaction of venture support agencies and community organizations by rural SME owners in 14 communities through a Business Expansion and Retention (BR&E) research project conducted in Alberta, Canada. The results indicated that agency usage can be effectively predicted by firm size, degree of localization, and planning. Results indicate that while many owners identified the need for assistance in training and funding, the utilization of support agencies, underscored by the lack of user satisfaction, may hinder rather than enhance venture viability and growth. The implications for government policy are discussed in the context of enhancing the effectiveness of support agencies, thereby contributing to the viability of ventures and the sustainability of rural communities.
Juggling or Struggling? Work and Family Interface and Its Buffers among Small Business Owners
Authors: Nguyen Hieu , Sawang Sukanlaya 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis study responds to calls for theory and research on work–family aspects in entrepreneurship research. This study examines the role of work–family conflict, work–family enhancement and social support on small business owners’ (SBOs) well-being. Drawing from The Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) panel data, the sample is restricted to SBOs, married with children under the age of 14 during 2010–2011 (two waves), totaling 167 SBOs. Results revealed that work–family conflict has a negative direct effect on mental health, job, family and life satisfactions. Similarly, work–family enhancement was found to have a direct positive effect on job, family and life satisfaction but not mental health. A significant interaction term also suggested that work–family enhancement moderated the relationship between work–family conflict and SBOs’ job satisfaction. Finally social support was found to have positive main effect on both subjective and psychological well-being. The interventions to well-being of SBOs should aim to balance the work and family lives of SBOs as well as making sure they have adequate social support networks. For public policy makers, support programs should extend from traditional means to balancing work–family matters for this particular occupation. Aside from broadening existing knowledge on the effects of work–family conflict, enhancement and social support, this is one of the first studies to examine well-being as a measure of success for SBOs. Additionally, the use of cross-wave data in the present study helps us to reduce this problem and provide a much stronger causal relationship between the focal variables of interest.
Frictional Pressure Drop during Two-Phase Flow of Pure Fluids and Mixtures in Small Diameter Channels
Authors: Del Col Davide , Azzolin Marco , Bisetto Alberto , Bortolin Stefano 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Two-phase flow is widely encountered in minichannels heat exchangers such as air-cooled condensers and evaporators for automotive, compact devices for electronic cooling and aluminum condenser for air-conditioning applications. In the present work, frictional pressure drop during adiabatic liquid-vapor flow is experimentally investigated inside a single 0.96 mm diameter minichannel. Tests have been run with three mixtures of R32/R1234ze(E) (23/77%, 50/50% and 75/25% by mass composition) at mass flux ranging between 200 and 600 kg m−2 s−1. Since pressure drop has a strong influence on the two-phase heat transfer, it is crucial to have reliable pressure drop prediction methods for two-phase heat transfer modeling and optimization. Therefore, with the aim of extending its validity range, a model to calculate the frictional pressure gradient during two-phase flow in small diameter channels is tested against the present two-phase pressure drop database. An assessment is also done with two low-GWP refrigerants: the halogenated olefin R1234ze(E) and the hydrocarbon R290. The present model accounts for the effect of internal surface roughness as a function of the liquid-only Reynolds number.
On release of radionuclides from a near-surface radioactive waste repository to the environment
Authors: Gudelis Arūnas , Gorina Inga 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
A closed near-surface radioactive waste repository is the source of various radionuclides causing the human exposure. Recent investigations confirm an effectiveness of the engineering barriers installed in 2006 to prevent the penetration of radionuclides to the environment. The tritium activity concentration in groundwater decreased from tens of kBq/l to below hundreds of Bq/l. The monitoring and groundwater level data suggest the leaching of tritium from previously contaminated layers of unsaturated zone by rising groundwater while 210Pb may disperse as a decay product of 226Ra daughters.
Multibarrier system preventing migration of radionuclides from radioactive waste repository
Authors: Olszewska Wioleta , Miśkiewicz Agnieszka , Zakrzewska-Kołtuniewicz Grażyna , Lankof Leszek , Pająk Leszek 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Safety of radioactive waste repositories operation is associated with a multibarrier system designed and constructed to isolate and contain the waste from the biosphere. Each of radioactive waste repositories is equipped with system of barriers, which reduces the possibility of release of radionuclides from the storage site. Safety systems may differ from each other depending on the type of repository. They consist of the natural geological barrier provided by host rocks of the repository and its surroundings, and an engineered barrier system (EBS). The EBS may itself comprise a variety of sub-systems or components, such as waste forms, canisters, buffers, backfills, seals and plugs. The EBS plays a major role in providing the required disposal system performance. It is assumed that the metal canisters and system of barriers adequately isolate waste from the biosphere. The evaluation of the multibarrier system is carried out after detailed tests to determine its parameters, and after analysis including mathematical modeling of migration of contaminants. To provide an assurance of safety of radioactive waste repository multibarrier system, detailed long term safety assessments are developed. Usually they comprise modeling of EBS stability, corrosion rate and radionuclide migration in near field in geosphere and biosphere. The principal goal of radionuclide migration modeling is assessment of the radionuclides release paths and rate from the repository, radionuclides concentration in geosphere in time and human exposure to ionizing radiation
Fabrication and performance of fl y ash granule filter for trapping gaseous cesium
Authors: Park Jang Jin , Shin Jin Myung , Yang Jae Hwan , Baek Young Hee , Park Geun Il 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Although a disk-type fly ash filter has shown a good performance in trapping gaseous cesium, it has difficulty in charging filters into a filter container and discharging waste filters containing radioactive cesium from a container by remote action. To solve the difficulty of the disk-type fly ash filter, five types of granule filters, including a ball type, tube type, and sponge-structure type have been made. Among them, the best filter type was chosen through simple crucible tests. The five types of granule filters packed into containers were loaded into five alumina crucibles of 50 cc. Five grams of CsNO3 was used as a gaseous cesium source. They were then placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 900°C and maintained for 2 hours. After the experiment, the weights of the cesium trapped filters were measured. Among the five types of granule filters, the sponge-structure type granule filter was the best, which has the highest trapping capacity of cesium. Its capacity is 0.42 g-Cs/g-filter. The chosen sponge-structure type granule filters and disk-type filters have been tested using a two-zone tube furnace. Cs volatilization and Cs trapping zones were maintained at 900 and 1000°C, respectively. Sixteen grams of CsNO3 was used as a gaseous cesium source. The cesium trapping profile of the sponge-structure type granule filters was almost similar to that of the disk-type fly ash filters. For both cases, cesium was successfully trapped within the third filter.
235U isotopic characterization of natural and enriched uranium materials by using multigroup analysis (MGA) method at a defined geometry using different absorbers and collimators
Authors: Yücel Haluk , Yeltepe Emin , Yüksel Alptuğ Özer , Dikmen Hasan 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Characterization of nuclear materials is an important topic within the context of nuclear safeguards, homeland security and nuclear forensics. This paper deals with the performance of multigroup gamma-ray analysis (MGA) method using the X- and γ-rays in the 80-130 keV region and enrichment meter principle (EMP) based on the analysis of 185.7 keV peak for a certain geometry using different absorbers and collimators. The results from MGA and those of EMP are compared. In particular, the effect of aluminum/lead absorbers and lead collimator on the enrichment determination of 235U in natural and low enriched samples is investigated in a given source-detector geometry. The optimum diameter/height ratio for the Pb-collimator is found to be Dc/Hc = 1.4-1.6 in the chosen geometry. In order to simulate the container walls, ten different thicknesses of Al-absorbers of 141 to 840 mg·cm-2 and six different thicknesses of Pb-absorbers of 1120-7367 mg·cm-2 are interposed between sample and detector. The calibration coefficients (% enrichment/cps) are calculated for each geometry. The comparison of the MGA and EMP methods shows that the enrichment meter principle provides more accurate and precise results for 235U abundance than those of MGA method at the chosen geometrical conditions. The present results suggest that a two-step procedure should be used in analyses of uranium enrichment. Firstly MGA method can be applied in situ and then EMP method can be used at a defined geometry in laboratory.
Organisational Communication, The Panacea For Improved Labour Relations
Authors: Dupe Adesubomi Abolade 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
This paper examined the importance of organisational communication to overall effective labour relations. It looked at organisational communication and its role in labour relations between the parties involved in Labour relations for better business procedures and relationships. It explained the importance of organisational communication in enhancing better labour relations within the organisation and with people outside the organisation. It enumerated the various groups that are involved in industrial relations and how they could use organisational communication for better industrial relations. It established the importance of organisational communication to the overall success of any organisation. Communication is vital to all human relations including labour relations but it seems to have been taken for granted or treated as inconsequential. When good organisational communication is not given its pride of place in organisation, it would affect labour relations negatively. This paper looked at the importance of organisational communication to labour relations, its effects on organisational performance, and negative effects of lack of good communication between stakeholders in labour relations and concluded that organisational communication should be properly used by all concerned in industrial relation matters for better performance of the organisation and improved labour relations both within and outside the organisation.
EMNCS – Lessons On The Way To An Innovationbased Development. Empirical Findings
Authors: Herciu Mihaela 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The main focus of (the two parts of) this article is on the emerging countries and their development paths. Particularly, it emphasizes on the role and contribution of innovation (of all kinds, in all its forms) for multinational companies from emerging economies (EMNC); the entire research endeavor is placed under the auspices of the knowledge-based society - the one that makes knowledge the ultimate source of power, enabling entities to use and potentially multiply it at the same time at global scale. Analyzing the situation of some emerging economies (starting from their best ranked multinationals), the article draws some empirical and theoretical conclusions on the ways knowledge and innovation could become determinants of progress beyond national boundaries.
Role Of Banking-Sector To Inclusive Growth Through Inclusive Finance In Bangladesh
Authors: Sarker Sandip , Ghosh Sujan Kumar , Palit Mollika 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The study attempts to identify the relationship between the banking sector’s financing in agriculture and total agricultural output at national level. To assist the study, a simple linear regression model has been developed. The results suggest that there is a strong correlation between banking sectors’ financing in agriculture and agriculture output in Bangladesh. It is also evident that banking sector’s credits are significantly facilitating financial inclusion in Bangladesh. The model can be instrumental for developing countries that are seeking ways of inclusive growth. In addition; the study recommends some policy measures to overcome the challenges of financial inclusion with regards to the banking sector’s initiatives in financing agriculture in Bangladesh.
Wholesale And Retail E-Commerce In Mauritius: Views Of Customers And Employees
Authors: Sawmy Tiruvenee , Damar-Ladkoo Adjnu 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The internet triggered a significant rise in e-commerce as many businesses found that the advent of online business provides unparalleled opportunities for organisations to extend their operations overseas. In Mauritius, many retail and wholesale shops have decided to embark in the online experience and are contemplating to launch e-commerce websites, more specifically electronic ordering (e-ordering), where customers can then order for their products without having to move to the outlets. The aim of this study was to provide a thorough understanding of the several benefits and problems associated with the adoption of an e-commerce website by wholesale and retail shops. The following were done: an assessment of the readiness of customers to go online and an evaluation of employees’ motivation and opinion towards the implementation of e-commerce. The study mainly revealed that majority of the respondents had never purchased online and a significant number of customers were reluctant to order online despite the various guarantees provided. Moreover, 56% of the employees were against the implementation of an e-commerce website as they related it to an increased workload or a waste of resources. Consequently, relevant recommendations catering for all stakeholders were formulated for successful implementation of an e-commerce website.
Approximations by differences of lower semicontinuous functions
Authors: Omasta Eduard 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
A classical theorem of W. Sierpiński, S. Mazurkiewicz and S. Kempisty says that the class of all differences of lower semicontinuous functions is uniformly dense in the space of all Baire-one functions. We show a generalization of this result to more general situations and derive an abstract theorem in the case of a binormal topological space.
Regularized optimal control problem for a beam vibrating against an elastic foundation
Authors: Bock Igor , Kečkemétyová Mária 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
We deal with an optimal control problem governed by a nonlinear hyperbolic initial-boundary value problem describing the perpendicular vibrations of a clamped beam against a u elastic foundation. A variable thickness of a beam plays the role of a control variable. The original equation for the deflection is regularized in order to derive necessary optimality conditions
Extension of the example by Moore-Nehari
Authors: Gritsans Armands , Sadyrbaev Felix 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
R. Moore and Z. Nehari developed the variational theory for superlinear boundary value problems of the form x'' = p(t) |x|2εx, x(a) = 0 = x(b), where ε > 0 and p(t) is a positive continuous function. They constructed simple example of the equation considered in the interval [0, b] so that the problem had three positive solutions. We show that this example can be extended so that the respective BVP has infinitely many groups of solutions with a presribed number of zeros.
A generalized Goursat lemma
Authors: Bauer Kristine , Sen Debasis , Zvengrowski Peter 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
In this note the usual Goursat lemma, which describes subgroups of the direct product of two groups, is generalized to describing subgroups of a direct product A1 × A2 × · · · × An of a finite number of groups. Other possible generalizations are discussed and applications characterizing several types of subgroups are given. Most of these applications are straightforward, while somewhat deeper applications occur in the case of profinite groups, cyclic groups, and the Sylow p-subgroups (including infinite groups that are virtual p-groups).