bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Older Adults in Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy Trials: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bouchet L. , Sager Z. , Yrondi A. , Kabir N. , Anderson B. , Ross S. , Petridis P. , Beaussant Y. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionGrowing clinical interest in psychedelic-assisted therapies has led to a second wave of research involving psilocybin, LSD, MDMA and other substances. Data suggests that these compounds have the potential to treat mental health conditions that are especially prevalent in older adults such as depression, anxiety, existential distress and post-traumatic stress disorder.ObjectivesThe goal of this study was to quantify the prevalence of older adults enrolled in psychedelic clinical trials and explore safety data in this population.MethodsA systematic review was conducted following the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. Search criteria included all trials published in English using psychedelic substances to treat psychiatric conditions, including addiction as well as existential distress related to serious illness. Articles were identified from literature searches on PubMed, EBSCO and EMBASE.Results4,376 manuscripts were identified, of which 505 qualified for further review, with 36 eventually meeting eligibility criteria. Of the 1,400 patients enrolled in the 36 studies, only 19 were identified as 65 or older, representing less than 1.4% of all trial participants. For 10 of these 19 older adults, detailed safety data was obtained. No serious adverse events (AEs) occurred in any older adults and only transient mild-to-moderate AEs related to anxiety, gastrointestinal upset, and hypertension were reported during the psychedelic dosing sessions.ConclusionsWhile existing data in older adults is limited, it suggests that psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy is safe and well tolerated in older adults. Therefore, psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy should be more rigorously investigated for the treatment of psychiatric conditions in this population.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The link between early life stress and psycho-cardio-metabolic multi-morbidity: Findings from The EarlyCause Consortium
Authors: Cecil C. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this talk I will present new findings from EarlyCause, a European consortium which aims to better understand the link between early life stress and the development of psycho-cardiometabolic (PCM) comorbidity across the lifespan, leveraging data from large-scale pediatric and adult population studies. I will discuss findings regarding the effect of (prenatal and postnatal) early life stress on PCM health outcomes and their comorbidity, potential moderating and mediating factors, as well as evidence for causality.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Components of well-being and distress that foster resilience in medical students
Authors: Eőry A. , Radvanyi K. T. , Kudrinko S. , Vajda G. , Rózsa S. , Kellermayer M. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
The shortage of medical professionals is becoming a nearly unsurmountable burden worldwide. Increasing uncertainties in the external environment require enhanced capacity for predicting future outcomes from the young adult population of medical students.ObjectivesTo find the level of resilience, the domains of psychological well-being and the symptoms of distress; and to identify associations between them in a cohort of medical students.MethodsData were collected in the 2022-23 academic year among Hungarian and English medical students at Semmelweis University. An online questionnaire was circulated via the official academic administration system (Neptun) with the incentive to provide personal results with available resources for those who requested it. Besides age and gender, we applied the short form of the Nicholson McBride Resilience Questionnaire (NMRQ), Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scales (PWB), and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). Additional to descriptive statistics, univariate analyses as well as multiple regression analyses (SPSS v.24) were used. (Ethics permission No: BM/5326-2/2023).ResultsAltogether 318 students (132 Hungarians) filled the questionnaire, and 251 students requested personal answers. 114 males participated with a mean age slightly higher than that of females (24 (SD:4) ys vs 23 (SD:3) ys). Hungarians (H) demonstrated lower resilience (Mdn:37, IQR:32, 42) then international (I) students (Mdn: 41, IQR: 36, 47), U=15287, p<0.001. Both H and I students showed similar patterns on PWB, scoring highest on personal growth, purpose in life and positive relations with others; while reaching lowest scores on environmental mastery, and lower scores on autonomy and self-acceptance. However, they demonstrated differences in each of the domains (see table).
Hungarian n=132 (Mn (SD))
International n=186 (Mn (SD))
t (316)pAutonomy (A)34 (7.9)36 (7.4)-2.80.004Environmental Mastery (EM)32 (8.4)34 (7.7)-2,10.04Personal Growth (PG)42 (5.6)40 (7.2)2.90.004Positive Relations (PR)41 (8.4)37 (7.7)4.6<0.001Purpose in Life (PL)42 (7.8)38 (8.0)3.5<0.001Self-Acceptance (SA)36 (10.4)36 (7.7)0.2n.s.Higher prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress were found in I students. Multiple regression analyses resulted in statistically significant models for both H (F(11, 121)=19.6; p<0.001; R2=0.641) and I students (F(12, 143)=8.98; p<0.001; R2=0.430) indicating that EM (t=4.7; p<0.001), PL (t=--3.2; p=0.002), SA (t=4.2; p<0.001), A (t=2.9; p=0.005), and anxiety (t-4.06; p<0.001) significantly predicted the strength of resilience in H, while autonomy (t=4.9; p<0.001) proved to be significant predictor in case of I students.ConclusionsThese single-centre results need to be further clarified on national and international level to stimulate interventions for strengthening resilience through establishing a caring network by universities for the fragile population of medical students.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Case series and Literature review – Clozapine Induced Transient Myocarditis. Clinical characteristics and outcomes
Authors: Anyeji U. L. , Bidkhanian P. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Clozapine is a second-generation atypical antipsychotic medication used in patients with treatment-refractory schizophrenia. Its use is limited due to its associated adverse effects, including myocarditis. These adverse effects may have variable presentations, such as myocarditis transient or persistent, and a generalized inflammatory process. Thus, clinical monitoring to inform accurate diagnosis is essential to avoid unnecessary discontinuation of clozapine, leading to psychiatric decompensation.ObjectivesTo review clinical features of clozapine induced Myocarditis and accurately identify signs and symptoms attributed to be most specific for myocarditis and determine at what stage clozapine should be discontinued.Methods
We conducted a literature review on PubMed, MeSH, google scholar and Mount Sinai’s Levy Library using keywords, clozapine, drug related side effects, adverse reaction, myocarditis, treatment resistant schizophrenia. Review of two cases series was done.Results
A review of 15 articles that addressed the cardiac complications of clozapine was performed. This review provides a base on variable clinical characteristics and outcomes of clozapine –induced Myocarditis. It showed patients who had myocarditis ruled out, demonstrated high prevalence of systemic signs of inflammation such as fever, malaise, tachycardia and elevated c-reactive protein. However, despite clozapine maintenance in most, this systemic response subsided without any intervention. A nonspecific inflammatory response is common when initiating clozapine, this inflammatory “clozapine storm’ occurs within the first month of initiation and is not necessarily predictive of myocarditis. These patients were monitored closely. Those confirmed with clozapine- induced myocarditis using echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging were managed with dose reduction, laboratory monitoring, vital signs check, with early initiation of beta-blockers without discontinuation of clozapine, with improvement in their laboratory results and vital signs. Those with progressive clinical signs of myocarditis required immediate cessation of clozapine.Conclusions
We are proposing a critical need for a multidisciplinary team of psychiatrists, cardiologists and pharmacists collaborating to prevent premature termination of clozapine in cases of treatment-refractory schizophrenia. Our cases showed middle aged patients with treatment - refractory schizophrenia, presenting with symptoms suggestive of clozapine induced- myocarditis, few weeks after initiation. Clozapine was continued with close monitoring, as symptoms resolved. Though clozapine is associated with myocarditis, with proper knowledge on guidelines for monitoring patients, it can mitigate unnecessary discontinuation of clozapine in those patients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Relationship between childhood stressful events and drug consumption among university students
Authors: Rey-March S. , Giralt C. , Font-Mayolas S. , Calvo F. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe purpose of this study is to investigate the potential relationship between stressful events experienced in childhood and subsequent toxic substance consumption among university students majoring in Social Education at a Spanish university during the academic year 2022-2023.ObjectivesThe primary objective is to analyze whether an association exists between stressful life events in childhood and patterns of substance consumption among university students.MethodsA cross-sectional, observational, and analytical design was employed. The target population encompassed 258 students enrolled in the Social Education program in 2023. The final sample consisted of 161 students. A questionnaire incorporating the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire - Short Form (CTQ-SF) and the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS) was administered to assess trauma history and substance consumption.Results
A high percentage (95.03%) of students reported having consumed toxic substances at some point in their lives. The most common substances were alcohol (95.03%) and cannabis (52.8%). A statistically significant correlation was observed between childhood emotional abuse and increased alcohol consumption currently (p = 0.015). Furthermore, a significant relationship was identified between childhood sexual abuse and heightened alcohol consumption (p = 0.015). Moreover, positive correlations were found between sexual abuse and the consumption of specific drugs, such as cocaine and psychopharmaceuticals (p < 0.05).No statistically significant differences were observed in drug consumption with regard to other forms of childhood maltreatment, such as emotional or physical neglect.Conclusions
The results underscore the connection between childhood stress experiences and substance consumption among university students. Emotional and sexual abuse in childhood are linked to higher alcohol consumption and, in some cases, specific drugs like cocaine and psychopharmaceuticals. These findings emphasize the importance of considering traumatic experiences when addressing prevention and treatment strategies for substance consumption among young student populations.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Alteration of cortical functional networks in mood disorders with resting-state electroencephalography
Authors: Shim S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThis study investigated source-level cortical functional networks using resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) in patients with Bipolar disorder and Major depressive disorder, comparing the neuropathology of these disorders.ObjectivesThis study investigated source-level cortical functional networks using resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) in patients with Bipolar disorder and Major depressive disorder, comparing the neuropathology of these disorders.Methods
A total of 116 participants (35 patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder(BD), 39 patients diagnosed with Major depressive disorder(MDD), and 42 people who are healthy-control groups(HC)) were enrolled for this study. Depression and anxiety were evaluated with using State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Graph theory‑based source‑level weighted functional networks were assessed via strength, clustering coefficient (CC), and path length (PL) in six frequency bands.Results
At the global level, patients with BD and MDD showed higher strength (p = 0.001) and CC (p = 0.001), and lower PL (p < 0.001) in the high beta band, compared to HCs. At the nodal level, compared to HCs, patients with BD showed higher high beta band nodal CCs in the right precuneus(p < 0.001), left isthmus cingulate(p < 0.001), bilateral paracentral(p < 0.001), and left superior frontal(p < 0.001); however, patients with MDD showed higher nodal CC only in the right precuneus(p < 0.001) compared to HCs. Although both MDD and BD patients had similar global level network changes, they had different nodal level network changes compared to HCs.ConclusionsThis study suggest that both patients have similar network changes at the global level, but they have different network changes at the nodal level. Also, the higher nodal CCs in the high beta band might indicate the regions became more connected with their neighbors in accordance with the severity of depressive and anxious states. This study found a significant correlation between cortical network state and anxiety-related psychological measure in BD patients. Our source-level cortical network indices might contribute to the understanding of the neuropathological mechanisms in these two disorders.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Korean Medication Algorithm for Bipolar Disorder: changes in preferred medications for mania over 20 years
Authors: Jon D.-I. , Woo Y. S. , Jeong J.-H. , Seo J.-S. , Lee J. G. , Yoon B.-H. , Sohn I. , Bahk W.-M. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Majority of international guidelines for bipolar disorders are based on evidences from clinical trials. In contrast, the Korean Medication Algorithm Project for Bipolar Disorder (KMAP-BP) was developed to adopt an expert-consensus paradigm which was more practical and specific to the atmosphere in Korea.ObjectivesIn this study, preferred medication strategies for acute mania over six consecutively published KMAP-BP (2002, 2006, 2010, 2014, 2018, and 2022) were investigated.MethodsA written survey using a nine-point scale was asked to Korean experts about the appropriateness of various treatment strategies and treatment agents. A written survey asked about the appropriateness of various treatment strategies and treatment agents commonly used by clinicians as the first-line.ResultsThe most preferred option for the initial treatment of mania was a combination of a mood stabilizer (MS) and an atypical antipsychotic (AAP) in every edition. Preference for combined treatment for euphoric mania increased, peaked in KMAP-BP 2010, and declined slightly. Either MS or AAP monotherapy was also considered a first-line strategy for mania, but not for all types of episodes, including mixed/psychotic mania. Among MSs, lithium and valproate are almost equally preferred except in the mixed subtype where valproate is the most recommended MS. The preference of valproate showed reverse U-shaped curve. This preference change of valproate may indicate the concern about teratotoxicity in women. Quetiapine, aripiprazole, and olanzapine were the preferred AAP for acute mania since 2014. This change might depend on the recent evidences and safety profile. In cases of unsatisfactory response to initial medications, switching or adding another first-line agent was recommended. The most notable changes over time included the increasing preference for AAPs.ConclusionsThe Korean experts have been increasingly convinced of the effectiveness of a combination therapy for acute mania. There have been evident preference changes: increased for AAP and decreased for carbamazepine.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The morbidity and prevalence of mental pathology in children and adolescents in the kyrgyz republic for 2005-2020
Authors: Nurali Kyzy A. , Kadyrova T. M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionOne of the principles of healthcare is preventive focus, that is, the implementation of measures to improve the hygienic education of the population and maintain a healthy lifestyle. The scientific rationale for carrying out primary prevention activities is based on an analysis of morbidity and prevalence rates and their dynamics.Objectives
to conduct a comparative analysis of the primary incidence and prevalence of mental pathology in children and adolescents (0-17 years) in the Kyrgyz Republic for 2005-2020 .Methods
statistical data from the Republican Center for Electronic Health and the National Statistical Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic were used (http://www.stat.kg/ru/rss/), (http://cez.med.kg/).Resultsprimary incidence of mental pathology among children and adolescents in 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020 amounted to 66.2, 44.1, 44.8, 51.1 respectively (based on 100,000 the child population). The prevalence of mental pathology for 2005-2020 was 418.4, 317.0, 312.5, 400.0 respectively (based on 100,000 the child population). That is, morbidity and prevalence rates show higher numbers in 2005 and in 2020 (Diagram №1). In the gender aspect, morbidity rates were higher in males 40.0, 28.0, 31.3, 31.0 compared to females 26.3, 16.1, 17.1, 20.1 (based on 100,000 the child population; (Diagram №2).Image:Image 2:Conclusionsthe variability of the obtained indicators of morbidity and prevalence of mental pathology in children and adolescents is due to difficulties in providing specialized psychiatric care to the child population due to the lack of child psychiatrists in the regions of the country, the processes of population migration, and the phenomenon of stigmatization. In this regard, measures and educational programs are needed to improve the provision of psychiatric care to the child population at the level of primary medical and social care.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The impact of ruminative thought style on the maintenance of depressive mood
Authors: Misic V. , Vukosavljevic Gvozden T. , Batinic B. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Ruminations are a cognitive style of “thought recycling”, which involves passively and repeatedly focusing on disorder and distress symptoms, or their causes, without attempting to alleviate them. They are a significant indicator of cognitive vulnerability, predicting the emergence, maintenance, and recurrence of depressive symptoms.ObjectivesTo estimate the impact of the ruminative thought style on the maintenance and escalation of depressive mood.Methods
The research sample consisted of 60 students between the ages of 19 and 30 (M = 23), divided into two experimental groups with 30 participants each. The participants took part in a 5-minute experiment that involved recalling an autobiographically sad event, assessing their mood on the Scale for Self-Assessment of Emotions (EAS) before and after the induction, and then splitting into two groups of 30 participants for random ruminating or distraction. The Beck Depression Inventory-II, the Ruminative Response Scale, the Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire, and the EAS were used as research instruments. The progressive group relaxation approach was used at the end of the experiment with all participants to promote relaxation and lessen the psychophysical tension brought on by the experimental induction (10 minutes total).ResultsThe experimental groups did not differ in mood intensity prior to the induction of sadness. Both experimental groups experienced significant impacts on depressed mood following the induction of sadness (F (1,58) =92.05, p<0.001): participants who ruminated demonstrated persistence in their negative mood, whereas participants who engaged in distractions demonstrated a decrease in their negative mood, even below the initial level (F (2,116) =12.69, p<0.001).Conclusions
This result provides an additional experimental validation of the phenomenon of maintaining a depressive mood through ruminations. An essential psychotherapy goal should be the treatment (metacognitive therapy, rumination-focused CBT, mindfulness, cognitive bias correction, etc.) of such mechanisms, recognized as crucial for the maintenance of depression.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The Slovenian version of the Cardiac depression scale – validity and reliability
Authors: Kokalj Palandacic A. , Ucman S. , Lainscak M. , Novak Sarotar B. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionCardiovascular diseases (CVD) were the cause of 40% of all deaths in Slovenia in 2016, and are the seventh most common cause of visits to the general practitioner. The prevalence of depression in people with CVD is high and is a strong predictor of mortality and additional cardiac events. In patients with coronary artery disease, depressive symptoms contribute to a lower quality of life and to physical limitations.Objectives
The purpose of this study was to translate the Cardiac Depression Scale into Slovenian (S-CDS) and to assess its psychometric properties on Slovenian patients with heart disease.Methods
After obtaining the consent from the original authors, the Cardiac depression scale was translated by three bilingual Slovenian native speakers with medical knowledge. Afterwards, they worked jointly to reach consensus on one version, which was then back-translated (Slovenian to English) by two independent English translators unfamiliar with the original version. The original authors approved the final draft. The S-CDS was then applied to a total of 272 patients with heart disease that underwent elective coronary angiography. At the same time the Spielberger Stait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-20 (CES-D) were used. An exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, test–retest reliability and concurrent validity were performed.ResultsThe total scale had Cronbach’s alpha 0.92 and test–retest reliability 0.71. Six factors were confirmed by the exploratory factor analysis, accounting for 60.88% of total variance. A two and one factor solution indicated by the confirmatory factor analysis had acceptable goodness-of-fit measures. A one factor solution was kept, considering a high correlation between the two factors and the theoretical background in previous studies. A moderate to strong correlations were confirmed by concurrent validation against the CES-D and the STAI-S.ConclusionsThe S-CDS with 25 questions is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring depressive symptoms in Slovenian patients with heart disease.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared