bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inter-organizational interaction in public and private sectors – a comparative study
Authors: Melin Ulf , Axelsson Karin 
Published: October 2013

Purpose– This article compares inter-organizational (IO) interaction and inter-organizational information systems (IOS) to support IO interaction in public and private sectors. The purpose of the article is to explore and discuss differences and similarities between e-government and e-business focusing IOS and interaction. This is done in order to facilitate learning between the two fields. The point of departure is two case studies performed in private and public sectors.Design/methodology/approach– A comparative study of two cases in two sectors (private and public) is conducted. IO concepts from industrial markets that characterize an IO relationship (continuity, complexity, symmetry, and formality) and concepts that describe dimensions of such relationships (links, bonds, and ties) are used as analytical lenses. The empirical case study data, mainly generated from interviews, have been analyzed in a qualitative, interpretive way, using these central IO concepts from industrial markets (the IMP approach). This approach is in line with a strategy to use theory as a part of an iterative process of data collection and analysis.Findings– The findings in the present study show that there are several similarities concerning interaction in relations between organizations in the two sectors. There are also differences depending on the level of analysis (empirical level vs analytical level). The study shows the need to be explicit regarding organizational value, end-customer or client/citizen value and the type of objects that are exchanged in the interaction. This is presented in the article together with suggested refinements of the analytical framework used for understanding IO interaction. The latter finding is a contribution to the general field of interaction and network studies and also a contribution to the e-government field.Practical implications– This article is a point of departure to facilitate learning between the public and the private sectors focusing on IO relations and IOS. Learning between the two sectors is needed for researchers in the two areas as well as policy makers and practitioners developing e-government interaction and IOS.Originality/value– There are few articles addressing learning between the private and the public sector within the e-government area. Not at least when focusing IO issues. There is also a tendency that wheels are reinvented in the sectors and in the e-government research area. An important initiative in this article is to contribute in filling this gap by providing examples of a comparative analysis as well as understanding of how to perform such analyses of IO interaction.
The effect of method and gestational age at termination of pregnancy on future obstetric and perinatal outcomes: a register‐based cohort study in Aberdeen, Scotland
Authors: Woolner A , Bhattacharya S , Bhattacharya Soh 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveTo determine whether termination of pregnancy (TOP), including the method used or gestational age at termination, affects future obstetric and perinatal outcomes.DesignRegister‐based cohort.SettingAberdeen Maternity Hospital, Scotland, UK.PopulationFrom the Aberdeen Maternity and Neonatal Databank (AMND) we identified 3186 women who had terminated their first pregnancy and then had a second pregnancy of beyond 24 weeks of gestation between 1986 and 2010. We identified 42 446 women who had their first delivery in the same time period, for comparison.MethodsUnivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to compare outcomes between groups. Complete case analysis with adjustment of confounding factors was carried out, and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 99% confidence intervals are presented.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD).ResultsNo statistically significant association was found between TOP in the first pregnancy and SPTD in the next pregnancy (aOR 1.05; 99% CI 0.83–1.32). Neither medical (aOR 1.03; 99% CI 0.72–1.46) nor surgical (aOR 1.06; 99% CI 0.78–1.44) termination appeared to affect the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery in the subsequent pregnancy. Late termination (≥13 weeks of gestation) did not appear to increase the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery compared with early termination (<13 weeks of gestation) (aOR 1.65; 99% CI 0.94–2.92), nor compared with primigravid women (aOR 1.25; 99% CI 0.97–1.62). There was an associated increased risk of antepartum haemorrhage in the next pregnancy following TOP (P < 0.01; aOR 1.26; 99% CI 1.10–1.45).ConclusionsEvidence on obstetric and perinatal outcomes following TOP remains conflicting. This study suggests that TOP is not associated with an increased risk of spontaneous preterm delivery. Neither the method nor the gestational age of TOP has any effect on this lack of association.
Facial Soft Tissue Depth Statistics and Enhanced Point Estimators for Craniofacial Identification: The Debut of the Shorth and the 75‐Shormax
Authors: Stephan Carl N. , Simpson Ellie K. , Byrd John E. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractSeveral methods that have customarily been used in craniofacial identification to describe facial soft tissue depths (FSTDs) implore improvement. They include the calculation of arithmetic means for skewed data, omission of concern for measurement uncertainty, oversight of effect size, and misuse of statistical significance tests (e.g.,p‐values for strength of association). This paper redresses these limitations usingFSTDs from 10 prior studies (N = 516). Measurement uncertainty was large (>20% of theFSTD), skewness (≥0.8) existed at 11 of the 23FSTDlandmarks examined, and sex and age each explained <4% of the totalFSTDvariance (η2calculated as part ofMANOVA). These results call for a new and improved conceptualization ofFSTDs, which is attained by the replacement of arithmetic means with shorths and 75‐shormaxes. The outcomes of this implementation are dramatic reduction inFSTDcomplexity; improved data accuracy; and new data‐driven standards for casework application of methods.
Integration of Pore Features into the Evaluation of Fingerprint Evidence*
Authors: Anthonioz Alexandre , Champod Christophe 
Published: October 2013

AbstractFingerprint practitioners rely on level 3 features to make decisions in relation to the source of an unknown friction ridge skin impression. This research proposes to assess the strength of evidence associated with pores when shown in (dis)agreement between a mark and a reference print. Based upon an algorithm designed to automatically detect pores, a metric is defined in order to compare different impressions. From this metric, the weight of the findings is quantified using a likelihood ratio. The results obtained on four configurations and 54 donors show the significant contribution of the pore features and translate into statistical terms what latent fingerprint examiners have developed holistically through experience. The system provides LRs that are indicative of the true state under both the prosecution and the defense propositions. Not only such a system brings transparency regarding the weight to assign to such features, but also forces a discussion in relation to the risks of such a model to mislead.
A Comparison Between Digital Radiography, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance in the Detection of Gunshot Residues in Burnt Tissues and Bone
Authors: Amadasi Alberto , Borgonovo Simone , Brandone Alberto , Di Giancamillo Mauro , Cattaneo Cristina 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe radiological search for GSR is crucial in burnt material although it has been rarely tested. In this study, thirty‐one bovine ribs were shot at near‐contact range and burnt to calcination in an oven simulating a real combustion. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) were performed before and after carbonization and compared with former analyses with DR (digital radiography); thus comparing the assistance, the radiological methods can provide in the search for GSR in fresh and burnt bone. DR demonstrated the greatest ability in the detection of metallic residues, CT showed lower abilities, while MR showed a high sensitivity only in soft tissues. Thus, DR can be considered as the most sensitive method in the detection of GSR in charred bones, whereas CT and MR demonstrated much less reliability. Nonetheless, the MR ameliorates the analysis of gunshot wounds in other types of remains with large quantities of soft tissues.
Loss of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 participates in metastatic spreading of human pancreatic cancer cells in a mouse orthotopic transplantation model
Authors: Ye Jingjia , Kawaguchi Makiko , Haruyama Yukihiro , Kanemaru Ai , Fukushima Tsuyoshi , Yamamoto Koji , Lin Chen‐Yong , Kataoka Hiroaki 
Published: October 2013

Hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 (HAI‐1) is a membrane‐bound serine protease inhibitor that is expressed on the surface of epithelial and carcinoma cells. On the cell surface, HAI‐1 regulates membrane‐anchored serine proteases, with matriptase being the most critical target. Matriptase is involved in pericellular processing of biologically active molecules, including protease‐activated receptor‐2 (PAR‐2). Previously we reported that S2‐CP8 cells, a metastatic variant of the SUIT‐2 human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line, showed markedly decreased HAI‐1 expression. To assess the significance of HAI‐1 loss in invasion and spontaneous metastasis of S2‐CP8 cells, we established stable S2‐CP8 sublines that expressed HAI‐1 under the control of a tetracycline‐regulated promoter. In vitro migration and invasion assays revealed inhibitory effects of HAI‐1 on S2‐CP8 cell migration and invasion. Matriptase activity was suppressed by the expression of HAI‐1. As the enhanced invasiveness in the absence of HAI‐1 was alleviated by knockdown of matriptase by 81% and of PAR‐2 completely, and PAR‐2 antagonist also suppressed the invasion, matriptase‐mediated PAR‐2 activation is involved in HAI‐1 loss‐induced invasion of S2‐CP8 cells. We then analyzed the effect of HAI‐1 expression on metastasis of S2‐CP8 cells in vivo using a nude mouse orthotopic xenograft model. Although approximately 50% of the control mice developed distant metastasis, mice treated with doxycycline to induce HAI‐1 expression did not develop metastasis. These data indicate that HAI‐1 loss contributes to invasion and dissemination of a highly metastatic subline of SUIT‐2, suggesting crucial roles for the balance of pericellular serine proteases/inhibitors in pancreatic cancer progression.
De novo diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma with a CD20 immunohistochemistry‐positive and flow cytometry‐negative phenotype: Molecular mechanisms and correlation with rituximab sensitivity
Authors: Tokunaga Takashi , Tomita Akihiro , Sugimoto Keiki , Shimada Kazuyuki , Iriyama Chisako , Hirose Tatsuya , Shirahata‐Adachi Mizuho , Suzuki Yasuhiro , Mizuno Hiroki , Kiyoi Hitoshi , Asano Naoko , Nakamura Shigeo , Kinoshita Tomohiro , Naoe Tomoki 
Published: October 2013

CD20 is expressed in most B‐cell lymphomas and is a critical molecular target of rituximab. Some B‐cell lymphomas show aberrant CD20 expression, and rituximab use in these patients is controversial. Here we show both the molecular mechanisms and the clinical significance of de novo diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas (DLBCL) that show a CD20 immunohistochemistry (IHC)‐positive and flow cytometry (FCM)‐ negative (IHC[+]/FCM[−]) phenotype. Both IHC and FCM using anti‐CD20 antibodies L26 and B1, respectively, were analyzed in 37 of the 106 cases of de novo DLBCL; 8 (22%) of these cases were CD79a(+)/CD20(+) with IHC and CD19(+)/CD20(−) with FCM. CD20 (MS4A1) mRNA expression was significantly lower in IHC(+)/FCM(−) cells than in IHC(+)/FCM(+) cells (P = 0.0005). No genetic mutations were detected in MS4A1 promoter and coding regions. Rituximab‐mediated cytotoxicity in the CDC assay using IHC(+)/FCM(−) primary cells was significantly lower than in IHC(+)/FCM(+) cells (P < 0.05); however, partial effectiveness was confirmed. FCM using rituximab detected CD20 more efficiently than B1. No significant difference was observed between IHC(+)/FCM(−) and IHC(+)/FCM(+) patients in overall survival (P = 0.664). Thus, lower expression of CD20 mRNA is critical for the CD20 IHC(+)/FCM(−) phenotype. Lower CD20 expression with FCM does not rule out rituximab use in these patients if expression is confirmed with IHC. FCM using rituximab may be more informative than B1 for predicting rituximab effectiveness in IHC(+)/FCM(−) cases.
Biogenic methane contributes to the food web of a large, shallow lake
Authors: Agasild Helen , Zingel Priit , Tuvikene Lea , Tuvikene Arvo , Timm Henn , Feldmann Tõnu , Salujõe Jaana , Toming Kaire , Jones Roger I. , Nõges Tiina 
Published: October 2013

Summary

Biogenic methane as an alternative carbon and energy source for freshwater organisms has been receiving increasing attention, but the phenomenon is still poorly understood for shallow lakes. We measured the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope signatures (δ13C, δ15N) for key groups of pelagic and benthic organisms, including crustacean zooplankton, chironomid larvae, young‐of‐the‐year and adult fish, to assess whether biogenic methane contributes to pelagic and benthic food webs in a large, shallow lake, Lake Võrtsjärv, Estonia.

In the southern part of the lake, covered by macrophytes, crustacean zooplankton showed strong seasonal variation of δ13C, with the lowest values occurring in the period of oxygen depletion. Chironomid (Chironomus plumosus) larvae showed high isotopic variability within the lake, with strongly 13C‐depleted and 15N‐depleted signatures (down to δ13C −64.0‰ and δ15N −2.6‰) in the macrophyte‐covered area.

Our results indicate that carbon derived from biogenic methane can contribute seasonally to the benthic food web and, to some extent, also to the pelagic food web, where the lake is covered by macrophytes. Moreover, δ13C values for roach (Rutilus rutilus), perch (Perca fluviatilis) and pike (Esox lucius) from the macrophyte‐dominated area were on average 3.5‰ lower than those for the same fish from the plankton‐dominated lake area, suggesting some carbon derived from methane is transferred up through the food web.

Although no direct evidence is available, our results, together with previous studies of the lake, suggest that protozoans could be a potentially important link from methane‐oxidising bacteria to animals higher in the web.
Patient satisfaction and oral health‐related quality of life after treatment with traditional and simplified protocols for complete denture construction
Authors: Nuñez Margaret C. O. , Silva Donizete C. , Barcelos Bento A. , Leles Cláudio R. 
Published: October 2013

ObjectivesThe objective of this randomised controlled clinical trial study was to compare the effectiveness of a traditional and a simplified protocol for construction of conventional CD.BackgroundThe replacement of conventional dentures can result in potential functional and aesthetic benefits to the patient. Previous studies suggest that simplified procedures for complete dentures (CD) construction achieve results similar to the traditional methods.Materials and MethodsFifty patients were randomly divided into two equal groups, traditional protocol (T group) and simplified protocol (S group). Treatment outcomes were assessed before the insertion of the new dentures and 30 days and 6 months after the last adjustment. It included measurements of quality of life related to oral conditions measured by the Brazilian version of OHIP‐Edentulous scale and patients' satisfaction with the upper and lower dentures using a visual analogue scale (VAS), which combines the patient's perception in relation to overall satisfaction with the comfort, stability, ability to chew, ability to talk and aesthetics.ResultsThe results showed significant reduction in negative impacts of oral conditions on quality of life and improved satisfaction with the upper and lower dentures (p < 0.001) at the 30‐day and 6‐month follow‐up. Quality of life improvement occurred in all dimensions of the OHIP‐Edentulous (p < 0.001). Despite the significant reduction in quality of life impacts and significant increase in patients' satisfaction with the dentures, there were no differences between the traditional and simplified protocols (p > 0.05).ConclusionsIt was concluded that the simplified protocol results in patent's perception of treatment outcomes similar to the traditional protocol.
Towards an understanding of consumer recycling from an ethical perspective
Authors: Culiberg Barbara 
Published: October 2013

AbstractRecycling is a post‐purchase consumer activity where the consumer usually considers not only individual but also social goals, ideas and ideologies. Accordingly, ethics is an inherent part of recycling; however, very few studies have explored this behaviour from an ethical point of view. The purpose of this paper is to explain consumer recycling by taking a multifaceted ethical approach. The conceptual model builds on theoretical underpinnings related to ethical consumption by exploring the extensions of the theory of planned behaviour, Jones' ethical decision‐making model and Holbrook's conceptualization of ethical consumption. Thus, the attitude‐intention framework incorporates three ethics‐related concepts: (1) moral obligation, i.e. the level of guilt to perform the behaviour, (2) moral intensity, i.e. the moral issue characteristics, and (3) collectivism, i.e. an individual‐level value orientation. The data were collected from a sample of Slovenian consumers, using an online consumer panel. The sample reflected the Slovenian population in terms of gender and age. The proposed conceptual model was tested using structural equation modelling. The results suggest the proposed ethical concepts play a significant role in the attitude‐intention framework. The more collectivistic individuals have more positive attitudes towards recycling. Moreover, the more consumers perceive recycling as morally intense, the more favourable their attitudes are. In turn, attitudes positively affect intentions to recycle. In addition, higher levels of moral obligation positively influence intentions to recycle. The only hypothesis that is not supported in this study refers to the influence of moral intensity on intentions to recycle. The implications for public policymakers and social marketers stem from a complex interplay of the antecedents of recycling behaviour. Future studies could go in several directions by extending the model to other moral issues, conducting a study in a cross‐cultural setting or taking a longitudinal approach.
TWO‐STEP ESTIMATION OF A MULTI‐VARIATE LÉVY PROCESS
Authors: Esmaeili Habib , Klüppelberg Claudia 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBased on the concept of a Lévy copula to describe the dependence structure of a multi‐variate Lévy process, we present a new estimation procedure. We consider a parametric model for the marginal Lévy processes as well as for the Lévy copula and estimate the parameters by a two‐step procedure. We first estimate the parameters of the marginal processes and then estimate in a second step only the dependence structure parameter. For infinite Lévy measures, we truncate the small jumps and base our statistical analysis on the large jumps of the model. Prominent example will be a bivariate stable Lévy process, which allows for analytic calculations and, hence, for a comparison of different methods. We prove asymptotic normality of the parameter estimates from the two‐step procedure, and in particular, we derive the Godambe information matrix, whose inverse is the covariance matrix of the normal limit law. A simulation study investigates the loss of efficiency because of the two‐step procedure and the truncation.
Event‐related potentials reveal the effect of prior knowledge on competition for representation and attentional capture
Authors: Hilimire Matthew R. , Corballis Paul M. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjects compete for representation in our limited capacity visual system. We examined how this competition is influenced by top‐down knowledge using event‐related potentials. Competition was manipulated by presenting visual search arrays in which the target or distractor was the only color singleton compared to displays in which both singletons were presented. Experiments 1 and 2 manipulated whether the observer knew the color of the target in advance. Experiment 3 ruled out low‐level sensory explanations. Results show that, under conditions of competition, the distractor does not elicit an N2pc when the target color is known. However, the N2pc elicited by the target is reduced in the presence of a distractor. These findings suggest that top‐down knowledge can prevent the capture of attention by distracting information, but this prior knowledge does not eliminate the competitive influence of the distractor on the target.
Shouldn't Physical Capital Also Matter for Multinational Enterprise Activity?
Authors: Bergstrand Jeffrey H. , Egger Peter 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe foreign direct investment (FDI) literature has generally failed to find strong systematic evidence of “vertical” motivations in bilateral aggregate FDI and foreign affiliate sales (FAS) data, despite recent evidence of vertical FDI in firm‐level data. Moreover, a Bayesian analysis of the empirical determinants of FDI (and FAS) flows reveals that the parent country's physical capital per worker has a strong positive effect on FDI alongside typical gravity‐equation variables; however, this variable is ignored in the knowledge‐capital (KC) model and most empirical work. We address these two puzzles by introducing relative factor endowment differences into the three‐factor, three‐country knowledge and physical capital extension of the 2 × 2 × 2 KC model. Using a numerical version of our model, we show that horizontal and vertical multinational enterprises' (MNEs') headquarters surface in different parts of the Edgeworth box relating the parent country's skilled labor share relative to its physical capital share (of the parent's and host's endowments). The key economic insight is that horizontal MNE headquarters will be relatively more abundant than vertical MNE headquarters in countries that are abundant in physical capital relative to skilled labor, because of the multi‐plant (single‐plant) structure of horizontal (vertical) MNEs—assuming plants (headquarters) use physical capital (skilled labor) relatively intensively in their setups. The theoretical relationships suggest augmenting empirical FAS gravity equations with (polynomials of) the parent's skilled labor share alongside the parent's physical capital share to explain in aggregate bilateral data the coexistence of horizontal and vertical FAS. The theoretical and empirical results shed light on the positive effect of parent's physical capital share on FAS flows, but also suggest that MNE headquarters may be prominent in parent countries with relatively high and low skilled labor shares—once physical capital is accounted for—a result not suggested by the two‐factor KC model.