bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kenaf Biochar as an Eco‐Friendly Adsorbent for Removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II): Optimal Temperature, Adsorption Models, and Efficiency Evaluation
Authors: Choi Moon‐Yeong , Lee Chang‐Gu , Yoon Young‐Man , Park Seong‐Jik 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examined the adsorption capacities of biochars derived from kenaf (KF‐BCs) for the removal of heavy metals such as Cu(II) and Pb(II). The thermal decomposition temperature (300–750°C) significantly influenced the morphology and composition of KF‐BCs, enhancing their surface area, pore structure, and alkalinity. Among them, kenaf pyrolyzed at 750°C (KF‐750) was the most effective in removing Cu(II) and Pb(II), as validated by kinetic, equilibrium, and isotherm model analyses. Adsorption kinetics revealed that equilibrium was attained after 24 h, with chemisorption governing the process rate. Equilibrium adsorption conformed to the Langmuir and Freundlich models for Cu(II) and Pb(II), respectively. KF‐750 exhibited midrange adsorption capacities for Cu(II) and Pb(II) (23.47 ± 0.3 mg/g and 50.07 ± 0.9 mg/g, respectively), compared with the literature. The thermodynamic assessment revealed an endothermic process with positive ∆H0, indicating that higher temperatures favor metal adsorption. At low pH, adsorption decreased due to electrostatic repulsion, particularly affecting Cu(II). More than 99.8% of Cu(II) and Pb(II) were removed with a 5.00 g/L KF‐750 dose. The cation effect order on KF‐750 was Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > K+. Overall, KF‐750 demonstrates promising potential as an adsorbent for the efficient heavy metal removal from aqueous solutions, presenting a viable option for environmental remediation.
Consequence of incorporation of MWCNTs on PVA hydrogel fabricated via naturally cooling: Thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties
Authors: Sharma Swati , Bhattacharyya Arup R. , Bhende Manisha , Patil Vijay 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe present study aims to improve the mechanical strength of hydrogels via a simplified method, involving the creation of a nanocomposite hydrogel using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) incorporated with un‐modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (um‐MWCNTs). Departing from conventional freezing–thawing cycles, our research employs a facile approach, in which high‐shear mixing along with solvent exchange with deionized water was utilized. Morphological analysis unveiled a compact and dense microstructure within the nanocomposite hydrogel in correlation with MWCNT concentration. Attenuated total reflection‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR) elucidated the chemical structure of PVA/um‐MWCNTs hydrogel nanocomposite. Rheological studies on the viscoelastic properties indicated the formation of more “solid‐like” structure in the developed hydrogel nanocomposite. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy revealed alterations in dielectric properties of the fabricated PVA/um‐MWCNTs hydrogel nanocomposite corresponding to MWCNTs content in the PVA matrix. This comprehensive investigation highlights the impact of minimal MWCNTs concentration on the rheology, mechanical, and dielectric properties of developed PVA/um‐MWCNTs hydrogel nanocomposite.
1.3 µm InAs/GaAs Quantum‐Dot Lasers with p‐Type, n‐Type, and Co‐Doped Modulation
Authors: Deng Huiwen , Park Jae‐Seong , Yu Xuezhe , Liu Zizhuo , Jia Hui , Zeng Haotian , Yang Junjie , Pan Shujie , Chen Siming , Seeds Alwyn , Tang Mingchu , Smowton Peter , Liu Huiyun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo further enhance the performance and understand the mechanism of InAs quantum dot (QD) laser under high temperature, both theoretically and experimentally it is investigated, the effects of the technique of the combination of direct n‐type doping and modulation p‐type doping, namely co‐doping, in the active region for a wide temperature range over 165 °C. Through the comparison of co‐doped, modulation p‐type doped, direct n‐type doped, and undoped QD lasers, it reveals that the co‐doping technique provides a significantly reduced threshold current density across the whole temperature range and robust high‐temperature operation. Furthermore, it is also observed that the effectiveness of co‐doping in suppressing round‐state quenching is comparable to that of p‐doping. The improvements in the doping strategies are also revealed through the rate equation simulation of the lasers.
What is the unknown “star” or “∼star” recorded in Korean historical books?
Authors: Park Jaegeun , Jeon Junhyeok , An Hongjun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study discusses historical records of Korea that mention “stars” possibly related to astronomical transient events. We selected 19 such records and scrutinized them by cross‐checking with records of other countries to identify those events. Ten events were identified as comets based on their described motions and tails. We further confirmed this by comparing them with records from other countries. Five events were classified as meteors based on descriptions of their movements, sizes, and shapes. We speculate that two recordings about “big stars” (大星) are typographical errors for “Mars” (火星), as the descriptions of these big stars seem to be consistent with the properties of the latter. This leaves two unidentified events, and we search lists of astronomical transients for their counterparts. Our work emphasizes the uncertainties and challenges caused by the limited information in the historical records while exploring the usefulness of historical records to enhance the understanding of astrophysical transient events.
Efficient and environmentally friendly spectrofluorimetric determination of cariprazine: An analytical and green chemistry approach
Authors: Almalki Atiah H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCariprazine represents a new generation of antipsychotic medication, characterized by its heightened affinity for the D3 receptor. It has recently obtained approval as an adjunctive treatment option for patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder. In this study, a novel approach utilizing fluorescence spectroscopy was developed to analyze cariprazine. The methodology involves the transformation of cariprazine into a fluorescent compound by means of chemical derivatization with 4‐chloro‐7‐nitrobenzo‐2‐oxa‐1,3‐diazole (NBD‐Cl). Following excitation at 470 nm, the fluorescent derivative displayed peak fluorescence emission at 550 nm. The factors influencing the derivatization process were optimized. Upon reaching the optimal reaction conditions, a linear correlation (r2 = 0.9995) was observed between the fluorescence intensity and concentrations of cariprazine ranging from 20 to 400 ng/ml. Detection and quantitation limits were determined to be 5.85 and 17.74 ng/ml, respectively. The approach was accurate and precise, with percent recovery values ranging from 98.14% to 99.91% and relative standard deviations of less than 2%. Application of the method to the analysis of cariprazine in bulk and commercial capsules forms yielded accurate results. Moreover, adherence to environmentally friendly analytical practices was evident through alignment with the principles of green analysis, as demonstrated by the analytical eco‐scale, AGREE, and GAPI greenness assessment tools.
Identification of Euphorbiae pekinensis Radix and its counterfeit and adulterated products based on DNA barcode, UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS, UPLC fingerprint, and chemometrics
Authors: You Guangjiao , Hou Fangjie , Niu Liyun , Wang Shaonan , Wang Lizhi , Sun Lili , Ren Xiaoliang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEuphorbiae pekinensis Radix (EPR) is a traditional Chinese herb commonly used to treat edema, pleural effusion, and ascites. However, counterfeit and adulterated products often appear in the market because of the homonym phenomenon, similar appearance, and artificial forgery of Chinese herbs. This study comprehensively evaluated the quality of EPR using multiple methods. The DNA barcode technique was used to identify EPR, while the UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS technique was utilized to analyze the chemical composition of EPR. A total of 15 tannin and phenolic acid components were identified. Furthermore, UPLC fingerprints of EPR and its common counterfeit products were established, and unsupervised and supervised pattern recognition models were developed using these fingerprints. The backpropagation artificial neural network and counter‐propagation artificial neural network models accurately identified counterfeit and adulterated products, with a counterfeit ratio of more than 25%. Finally, the contents of the chemical markers 3,3′‐di‐O‐methyl ellagic acid‐4′‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside, ellagic acid, 3,3′‐di‐O‐methyl ellagic acid‐4′‐O‐β‐d‐xylopyranoside, and 3,3′‐di‐O‐methyl ellagic acid were determined to range from 0.05% to 0.11%, 1.95% to 8.52%, 0.27% to 0.86%, and 0.10% to 0.42%, respectively. This proposed strategy offers a general procedure for identifying Chinese herbs and distinguishing between counterfeit and adulterated products.
Human adipose‐derived multipotent stromal cells enriched with IL‐10 modRNA improve diabetic wound healing: Trigger the macrophage phenotype shift
Authors: Zhang Yuxin , Wang Wei , Chen Liang , Wang Heng , Dong Dong , Zhu Jingjing , Guo Yu , Zhou Yiqun , Liu Tianyi , Fu Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDiabetic wounds present a significant challenge in regenerative medicine due to impaired healing, characterized by prolonged inflammation and deficient tissue repair, primarily caused by a skewed pro‐inflammatory macrophage phenotype. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) chemically modified mRNA (modRNA)‐enriched human adipose‐derived multipotent stromal cells (hADSCs) in a well‐established murine model of diabetic wounds. The modRNAs used in this study were chemically modified using N1‐methylpseudouridine‐5′‐triphosphate (m1Ψ) by substituting uridine‐5‐triphosphate. In vitro experiments demonstrated that IL‐10 modRNA‐transfected hADSCs effectively modulated macrophage polarization towards an anti‐inflammatory phenotype. In vivo experiments with a well‐established murine model demonstrated that transplantation of hADSCsmodIL‐10 on postoperative day 5 (POD5) significantly improved wound healing outcomes, including accelerated wound closure, enhanced re‐epithelialization, promoted M2 polarization, improved collagen deposition, and increased neovascularization. This study concludes that IL‐10 modRNA‐enriched hADSCs offer a promising therapeutic approach for diabetic wound healing, with the timing of IL‐10 administration playing a crucial role in its effectiveness. These cells modulate macrophage polarization and promote tissue repair, demonstrating their potential for improving the management of diabetic wounds.
Contact Toxicity and Repellent Effects of Essential Oils from Toddalia asiatica Against Two Stored‐Product Insects
Authors: Zhang Yu‐Chen , Liu Ao , Wang Jia‐Zhu , Qi Yuan‐Tong , Wang Dan , Du Shu‐Shan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInsect infestations continually endanger stored goods, underscoring the significance of discovering eco‐friendly insecticides for pest management. Essential oils (EOs) from different parts of Toddalia asiatica (leaf, fruit and branch) were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC‐MS. Carvene, p‐cymene and muurolene are the principal compounds of T. asiatica leaf (TAL), T. asiatica fruit (TAF) and T. asiatica branch (TAB) EO respectively. Our work aimed to assess the contact toxicity and repellent effects of EOs on two storage pests, Tribolium castaneum and Lasioderma serricorne. All tested EOs exhibited obvious contact toxicity, especially, TAL EO against T. castaneum (33.48 μg/adult) and TAF EO against L. serricorne (16.42 μg/adult). Repellency tests revealed that TAL and TAF EOs, at a concentration of 78.63 nL/cm2, achieved nearing 100 % efficiency against T. castaneum. These results suggest that EOs of T. asiatica could be used as effective botanical insecticides for managing stored‐product insects.
Porphyrin Production by Corynebacterium diphtheriae Strains from Clinical Isolates
Authors: Alves Gabriela Batista , da Costa Marques Calderari Mônica Regina , da Fonseca Eduardo Nunes , dos Santos Louisy Sanches , de Mattos‐Guaraldi Ana Luiza 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPorphyrins are intermediate metabolites involved in the biosynthesis of vital molecules, including heme, cobalamin, and chlorophyll. Bacterial porphyrins are known to be proinflammatory and are associated with biofilm formation. This study investigated porphyrin production by strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae using emission spectroscopy, high‐performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection, diode array detector, and mass spectrometry. Emission spectroscopy revealed characteristic porphyrin emission spectra in all strains, with coproporphyrin III predominating. Qualitative analysis by different chromatographic methods identified coproporphyrin III, uroporphyrin I, and protoporphyrin IX in all strains. Quantitative analysis revealed strain‐dependent coproporphyrin III production. Further studies are required to investigate the relationship between porphyrin production and the virulence potential of Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
Discovery of a Highly Promising Disulfide Derivative Scaffold as Inhibitor of SARS‐CoV‐2 Main Protease
Authors: Xu Yin‐Sui , Xiang Yang , Zhai Le , Chen Cheng , Wu Xiao‐Rong , Chen Wei‐Ya , Liu Lu , Zhao Mu‐Han , Liu Xiao‐Long , Yang Ke‐Wu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe main protease (Mpro) of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) represents a promising target for antiviral drugs aimed at combating COVID‐19. Consequently, the development of Mpro inhibitor is an ideal strategy for combating the virus. In this study, we identified twenty‐two dithiocarbamates (1 a–h), dithiocarbamate‐Cu(II) complexes (2 a‐hCu) and disulfide derivatives (2 a–e, 2 i) as potent inhibitors of Mpro, with IC50 value range of 0.09–0.72, 0.9–24.7, and 15.1–111 μM, respectively, through FRET screening. The enzyme kinetics, inhibition mode, jump dilution, and DTT assay revealed that 1 g may be a partial reversible inhibitor, while 2 d and 2 f‐Cu are the irreversible and dose‐ and time‐dependent inhibitors, potentially covalently binding to the target. Binding of 2 d, 2 f‐Cu, and 1 g to Mpro was found to decrease the stability of the protein. Additionally, DTT assays and thermal shift assays indicated that 2 f‐Cu and 2 d are the nonspecific and promiscuous cysteine protease inhibitor. ICP‐MS implied that the inhibitory activity of 2 f‐Cu may stem from the uptake of Cu(II) by the enzyme. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that 2 d and 1 g exhibit low cytotoxicity, whereas 2 f‐Cu show certain cytotoxicity in L929 cells. Overall, this work presents two promising scaffolds for the development of Mpro inhibitors to combat COVID‐19.
The California Community Colleges dual enrollment student journey: An equitable journey from participation to matriculation?
Authors: Adan Sara , Diaz Amparo , Leal‐Carrillo Nadia , Beer Allison , Lundy‐Wagner Valerie , Lowe Aisha 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAcross the nation, community colleges have expanded dual enrollment programs to increase college enrollment and completion, particularly among historically underserved populations. The California Community College system—the largest system in the nation—is no different and recently expanded its dual enrollment programming to include College and Career Pathways Partnerships, in addition to Middle College High School and Early College High School. This article presents an original analysis of California Community Colleges Chancellor's Office system data to understand the dual enrollment student journey and any equity gaps that might exist in participation and outcomes, including college‐level math and/or English participation and completion, award attainment, and postsecondary matriculation. Though dual enrollment programs can be strategy to support equity, the authors find racial and regional equity gaps persist in both students’ access to these programs and their success. However, practitioners can take action to ensure it is an equitable journey at their school or college.
How they did it: Homeschooled students share their top tips to succeed in dual enrollment and beyond
Authors: Crouch Micheal 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article examines how personal characteristics contribute to the success of homeschooled students in dual enrollment programs and their transition to higher education, the workforce, or the military. It emphasizes the effectiveness of metacognitive strategies in improving academic achievement and challenges misconceptions about socialization outcomes. The review also acknowledges diverse motivations, methods, and approaches used by homeschooling families. Empirical evidence reveals that homeschooled students excel academically, exceeding national averages in tests and college performance. Interviews with three homeschooled students in dual enrollment programs highlight the significance of parental involvement, self‐knowledge, time management, collaboration, seeking support, and personal growth through social interactions. The findings emphasize the unique benefits of homeschooling, including flexibility, self‐direction, and skill development. The article concludes by discussing the implications for educational practitioners, urging them to utilize the experiences of homeschooled students to adapt their programs to better support dual credit students as a whole.
Building community college capacity to enhance student success and equity in dual enrollment
Authors: Duncheon Julia C. , Buchanan Shasta 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article uses Austin Community College (ACC) as a case study to illustrate how community colleges can build institutional capacity to provide dual enrollment. First, the manuscript synthesizes background literature on the growth of dual enrollment and implications for community colleges. Then, drawing on interviews from relevant stakeholders and institutional data, the authors describe how ACC reorganized internally to streamline dual enrollment structures and processes. In turn the college was able to strengthen partnerships with the school districts, manage growing enrollments, improve the student experience, and prioritize equity.
Exploring the dynamics of concurrent enrollment in rural spaces through the narrative of a small community college
Authors: Ramaeker Rachel , Thornton Zoë M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article describes the narrative of one small rural community college's concurrent enrollment program, seeking to highlight and make sense of the particular dynamics of operating this type of programing in rural spaces. Dual or concurrent enrollment options can offer students increased access to postsecondary options in rural education deserts, as well as contribute to the economic health of the region through workforce development. However, the same challenges and benefits of rural life also comprise the dynamics within which this programing must operate. The manuscript concludes with recommendations for practice, research, and policy, relevant to both concurrent enrollment program operation and the broader college mission of rural community development.
Two‐year follow‐up of transcatheter aortic valve replacement in low‐risk patients with symptomatic severe bicuspid aortic valve stenosis
Authors: Merdler Ilan , Rogers Toby , Case Brian C. , Zhang Cheng , Gordon Paul , Ehsan Afshin , Parikh Puja , Bilfinger Thomas , Buchbinder Maurice , Roberts David , Hanna Nicholas , Ben‐Dor Itsik , Reddy Pavan K. , Sawant Vaishnavi , Satler Lowell F. , Waksman Ron 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn 2019, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for low‐risk patients with symptomatic severe tricuspid aortic stenosis. However, bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) patients were included only in single‐arm registries of pivotal low‐risk TAVR trials, resulting in limited data for this subgroup.MethodsThe LRT (Low Risk TAVR) trial was an investigator‐initiated, prospective, multicenter study and the first FDA‐approved investigational device exemption trial to evaluate the feasibility of TAVR with balloon‐expandable or self‐expanding valves in low‐risk patients with symptomatic severe BAV stenosis. This analysis reports 2‐year follow‐up, assessing the primary outcome of all‐cause mortality and evaluating clinical outcomes.ResultsFrom 2016 to 2019, a total of 72 low‐risk patients diagnosed with symptomatic, severe BAV stenosis underwent TAVR across six centers. Six patients were lost to follow‐up. At 2‐year follow‐up, mortality was 1.5% (1 of 66 patients). Among the remaining 65 patients, four experienced nondisabling strokes (6.2%), while 2 (3.1%) developed infective endocarditis. No new permanent pacemakers were required beyond the 30‐day follow‐up, and no patients, including those with endocarditis, needed aortic valve re‐intervention. At the 2‐year echocardiography follow‐up (n = 65), 27.8% of BAV patients showed mild aortic regurgitation, with none exhibiting moderate or severe regurgitation. The mean aortic gradient was 12.1 ± 4.1 mmHg, and the mean valve area was 1.7 ± 0.5 cm².ConclusionThe 2‐year follow‐up confirms commendable clinical outcomes of TAVR in patients with bicuspid aortic stenosis, establishing its evident safety.
Isolated unilateral ptosis as a complication of sinusitis: A case report and literature review
Authors: El Sayed Ahmad Youssef , Kazemizadeh Gol Mohammad Abraham 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessagePtosis associated with rhinosinusitis may indicate orbital or cavernous sinus involvement, typically accompanied by various other symptoms. However, isolated ptosis is a rare occurrence. This explains the diverse treatment approaches found in this literature review, ranging from conservative management to surgery. Imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosis and treatment planning.AbstractIsolated upper lid ptosis is a rare manifestation of acute rhinosinusitis, typically occurring without other neuro‐ophthalmological or orbital signs. This report presents a case of unilateral isolated ptosis in an adult male with acute rhinosinusitis. A 30‐year‐old male with asthma and bipolar disorder, and recent intranasal drug use, presented with nasal congestion, facial pressure, headache, and left eye droopiness. Neurological examination found left ptosis as the only abnormality. Lab results were normal, and COVID‐19 PCR was negative. Imaging showed pansinusitis without complications. The patient received IV antibiotics and steroids, followed by oral antibiotics and steroids. Ptosis resolved within 3 days and did not recur at three‐month follow‐up. Only seven cases of isolated ptosis with rhinosinusitis have been reported, all in males, most recovering with medical therapy alone. This is the first case treated with high‐dose steroids in addition to antibiotics. Isolated ptosis may be due to inflammation of the oculomotor nerve's distal branch or related muscular structures. Isolated ptosis in rhinosinusitis has a favorable prognosis. Imaging is crucial to exclude severe complications. The role of steroids needs further evaluation, and the timing for considering surgery remains to be defined.
Adverse effects from counterfeit and mislabeled medicine containing tapentadol and carisoprodol
Authors: Plæhn Gitte , Fuglsang Thomas , Hindersson Peter , Breindahl Torben 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageWhen self‐administration with counterfeit or mislabeled medicine is suspected, comprehensive laboratory analysis should be preferred over immunoassay screening to avoid false negative results. Carisoprodol, which was formerly a popular muscle relaxant drug in many countries, has reappeared on illegal drug markets, and may cause an itching, purple‐colored rash, even after a single dose.