bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ionizing Radiation–Induced γ-H2AX Activity in Whole Blood Culture and the Risk of Lung Cancer
Authors: He Yonggang , Gong Yilei , Lin Jie , Chang David W. , Gu Jian , Roth Jack A. , Wu Xifeng 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackground: Phenotypic biomarkers of DNA damage repair may enhance cancer risk prediction. The γ-H2AX formed at the sites of double-strand break (DSB) after ionizing radiation is a specific marker of DNA damage.Methods: In an ongoing case–control study, the baseline and ionizing radiation–induced γ-H2AX levels in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from frequency-matched 306 untreated patients with lung cancer and 306 controls were measured by a laser scanning cytometer-based immunocytochemical method. The ratio of ionizing radiation–induced γ-H2AX level to the baseline was used to evaluate interindividual variation of DSB damage response and to assess the risk of lung cancer by using unconditional multivariable logistic regression with adjustment of age, sex, ethnicity, smoking status, family history of lung cancer, dust exposure, and emphysema.Results: The mean γ-H2AX ratio was significantly higher in cases than controls (1.46 ± 0.14 vs. 1.41 ± 0.12, P &lt; 0.001). Dichotomized at the median in controls, high γ-H2AX ratio was significantly associated with increased risk of lung cancer [OR = 2.43; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.66–3.56]. There was also a significant dose–response relationship between γ-H2AX ratio and lung cancer risk in quartile analysis. Analysis of joint effects with other epidemiologic risk factors revealed elevated risk with increasing number of risk factors.Conclusion: γ-H2AX activity as shown by measuring DSB damage in ionizing radiation–irradiated PBLs may be a novel phenotypic marker of lung cancer risk.Impact: γ-H2AX assay is a robust and quantifiable image-based cytometer method that measures mutagen-induced DSB response in PBLs as a potential biomarker in lung cancer risk assessment. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 22(3); 443–51. ©2012 AACR.
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and Circulating Markers of Inflammation and Adiposity in a Nested Case–Control Study: The Multiethnic Cohort
Authors: Conroy Shannon M. , Maskarinec Gertraud , Morimoto Yukiko , Franke Adrian A. , Cooney Robert V. , Wilkens Lynne R. , Goodman Marc T. , Hernadez Brenda Y. , Le Marchand Loïc , Henderson Brian E. , Kolonel Laurence N. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackground: Because immune dysfunction is thought to underlie the development of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), obesity and chronic inflammation may be involved in its etiology. We examined the association of prediagnostic inflammatory markers and adipokines with NHL risk.Methods: We conducted a nested case–control analysis (272 cases and 541 matched controls) within the Multiethnic Cohort. Luminex technology was used to measure a 10-plex panel of cytokines, ELISA assays for adipokines, and an autoanalyzer for C-reactive protein (CRP). ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for tertiles of analytes were estimated by conditional logistic regression.Results: After a median time of 2.7 years from phlebotomy to diagnosis, interleukin (IL)-10 was significantly related to NHL risk (ORT3 vs. T1 = 3.07; 95%CI, 2.02–4.66; Ptrend &lt; 0.001). TNF-α and IL-8 showed borderline elevated risks, whereas IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and CRP were not associated with NHL. Leptin but not adiponectin was related to NHL risk (ORT3 vs. T1 = 0.48; 95%CI, 0.30–0.76; Ptrend &lt; 0.001). Adjustment for body mass index did not substantially affect the risk estimates. Stratification by subtype indicated significant associations with IL-10 and leptin for follicular but not for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Excluding cases diagnosed less than 1 year after phlebotomy attenuated all associations.Conclusions: IL-10 was the only cytokine and leptin the only adipokine associated with NHL, but due to the short follow-up time, preclinical effects cannot be excluded.Impact: Although markers of inflammation and adiposity may provide new insights into the etiology of NHL, they need to be assessed many years before clinical diagnosis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 22(3); 337–47. ©2012 AACR.
PAK1 Mediates Resistance to PI3K Inhibition in Lymphomas
Authors: Walsh Katherine , McKinney Matthew S. , Love Cassandra , Liu Qingquan , Fan Alice , Patel Amee , Smith Jason , Beaven Anne , Jima Dereje D. , Dave Sandeep S. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Purpose: The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is known to play an active role in many malignancies. The role of PI3K inhibition in the treatment of lymphomas has not been fully delineated. We sought to identify a role for therapeutic PI3K inhibition across a range of B-cell lymphomas.
Experimental Design: We selected three small molecule inhibitors to test in a panel of 60 cell lines that comprised diverse lymphoma types. We tested the selective PI3K inhibitor BKM120 and the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors BEZ235 and BGT226 in these cell lines. We applied gene expression profiling to better understand the molecular mechanisms associated with responsiveness to these drugs.
Results: We found that higher expression of the PAK1 gene was significantly associated with resistance to all three PI3K inhibitors. Through RNA–interference-mediated knockdown of the PAK1 gene, we showed a dramatic increase in the sensitivity to PI3K inhibition. We further tested a small-molecule inhibitor of PAK1 and found significant synergy between PI3K and PAK1 inhibition.
Conclusion: Thus, we show that PI3K inhibition is broadly effective in lymphomas and PAK1 is a key modulator of resistance to PI3K inhibition. Clin Cancer Res; 19(5); 1106–15. ©2012 AACR.
Primary Care Provider Receipt of Cardiac Rehabilitation Discharge Summaries
Authors: Polyzotis Peter A. , Suskin Neville , Unsworth Karen , Reid Robert D. , Jamnik Veronica , Parsons Cynthia , Grace Sherry L. 
Published: January 2013

Background—
Communication between cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and primary care providers (PCPs) is paramount to promoting long-term risk reduction after the completion of CR. The objectives of this study were to investigate receipt of CR discharge summaries by PCPs, as well as timing, and satisfaction with and perceptions of CR summaries.

Methods and Results—

Five hundred seventy-seven eligible PCPs of consenting enrollees from 8 regional or urban Ontario CR programs were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Discharge summaries were tracked from the CR program to the PCP’s office. PCPs who received a summary were mailed a survey assessing their perceptions of the summaries. Of the 138 (24.0%) eligible consenting PCPs, 71 (51.5%) received CR discharge summary, of whom 64 (90.1%) completed the survey. All PCPs desired to receive discharge summaries, with most wanting it transmitted via fax (n=38, 61.3%). Forty-seven (77.1%) PCPs reported they had or will use information in the summary for patient care. PCPs who did not receive the discharge summary in advance of their patient’s first post-CR visit (n=7, 10.9%) were significantly less likely to use it in patient care (
P
<0.01). On a 5-point Likert scale, PCPs rated medication (4.65±0.74), patient care plan (4.43±0.87), and clinical status (4.33±0.94) as most important to include in a CR discharge summary. These were not provided in 18.8% (n=12), 4.7% (n=3), and 22.2% (n=14) of summaries, respectively.

Conclusions—
Approximately half of CR discharge summaries reach PCPs, revealing a large gap in continuity of patient care.
Seasonal Variation in 30-Day Mortality After Stroke
Authors: Lichtman Judith H. , Jones Sara B. , Wang Yun , Leifheit-Limson Erica C. , Goldstein Larry B. 
Published: January 2013

Background and Purpose—
A systematic review found an association between the July start of internships and residencies and higher mortality rates for hospitalized patients, but data related to stroke are limited. We assessed seasonal variations in 30-day risk-adjusted mortality rates (RAMRs) after ischemic stroke by hospital teaching status.

Methods—

The analysis included all fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years with a primary discharge diagnosis of ischemic stroke (
International Classification of Diseases
,
9th revision
, codes 433, 434, and 436) from 1999 to 2006. Hierarchical linear regression models calculated RAMRs, adjusting for patient demographics and comorbidities. Annual data were combined and reconstructed for time series analyses; RAMRs were calculated for each month. Structural models compared monthly seasonal patterns stratified by hospital teaching status.

Results—
Of 2 824 694 ischemic stroke discharges, 51.7% were from teaching hospitals. There were seasonal patterns within each calendar year, with the highest 30-day RAMR in the winter and the lowest in the summer, but with a smaller peak in July. Thirty-day RAMRs decreased from 1999 to 2006, as did seasonal variations within each calendar year. Seasonal patterns were similar for teaching and nonteaching hospitals.

Conclusions—
The 30-day RAMR decreased overall, but seasonal patterns were present, with the highest RAMR in January and a smaller peak in July. Because patterns were similar for teaching and nonteaching hospitals, the July peak cannot be explained by the introduction of new trainees in the beginning of the academic year. The reasons for these seasonal patterns warrant further investigation.
Estimating Measurement Error in Annual Job Earnings: A Comparison of Survey and Administrative Data
Authors: Abowd John M. , Stinson Martha H. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
We propose a new methodology that does not assume a prior specification of the statistical properties of the measurement errors and treats all sources as noisy measures of some underlying true value. The unobservable true value can be represented as a weighted average of all available measures, using weights that must be specified a priori unless there has been a truth audit. The Census Bureau's Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) survey jobs are linked to Social Security Administration earnings data, creating two potential annual earnings observations. The reliability statistics for both sources are quite similar except for cases where the SIPP used imputations for some missing monthly earnings reports.
The Effects of World War II on Economic and Health Outcomes across Europe
Authors: Kesternich Iris , Siflinger Bettina , Smith James P. , Winter Joachim K. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
We investigate long-run effects of World War II on socioeconomic status and health of older individuals in Europe. We analyze data from SHARELIFE, a retrospective survey conducted as part of SHARE in Europe in 2009. SHARELIFE provides detailed data on events in childhood during and after the war for over 20,000 individuals in thirteen European countries. We construct several measures of war exposure: experience of dispossession, persecution, combat in local areas, and hunger periods. Exposure to war and, more important, to individual-level shocks caused by the war significantly predicts economic and health outcomes at older ages.
Metaphors of Closeness: Reflections on Homoiôsis Theôi in Ancient Philosophy and Beyond
Authors: Jedan Christoph 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
It is often assumed that a single, diachronically persistent motif of imitating god can be identified in Ancient philosophy and early Christianity. The present article takes issue with this assumption and seeks to establish the conceptual framework for a more sophisticated discussion of homoiôsis. The article identifies eight crucial junctures at which homoiôsis stories can diverge. For all the variance of homoiôsis narratives, the category of imitation of the divine remains a useful analytical tool. The article supports this claim by a comparison of Platonic and Stoic narratives of homoiôsis. It established their distinctness and shows how the rhetoric of imitating the divine offers important linguistic markers that allow us to trace the transgressive potential of (ancient) theologies.
Mothers, Sons and Lovers: Fidelity and Frugality in the Overseas Chinese Divided Family Before 1949
Authors: Szonyi Michael 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe predominance of men, including married men, among Overseas Chinese emigrants gave rise to a distinctive family structure, in which the male emigrant lived apart from his wife and other family members who remained back home in China. This article considers two very different bodies of evidence, archives concerning Overseas Chinese efforts to recover property lost during World War II and magazines and newspapers published for Overseas Chinese in North America and Southeast Asia, in order to discuss tensions within the Overseas Chinese divided family in the early twentieth century. Family members who remained in China came to play important roles in the management of the family estate, including remittance-funded investments. Heightened anxiety about female sexuality and the trustworthiness of family members in general reflected the concern of absent Overseas Chinese men that their family members back home might make decisions about family management that were different than those desired by the migrants themselves.
Diverse and Transnational: Chinese (PRC) Immigrants in the United States
Authors: Yin Xia-Huang 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis article studies characteristics of recent immigrants from China (PRC) in the United States, especially their socioeconomic status and networking with their native land. The unprecedented, large-scale, and highly diversified immigration from China to the U.S. since the late 1970s has not only turned the Chinese into the second largest immigrant group in American society, but has also created new opportunities for interpretation of the Chinese diasporic experience. By examining the socioeconomic diversity among PRC immigrants in their American life and the extensive networks they have established across the Pacific, the article shows how class, ethnicity, and transnationality work at cross purposes in the Chinese American experience and sheds light on the new dynamics in overseas Chinese communities in this rapidly changing era.
Qiaojuan Politics: Government Policies toward the Left-Behind Family Members of Chinese Overseas, 1880s-1990s
Authors: Shen Huifen 
Published: January 2013

AbstractSince the late 19th century, the emigration of Chinese has left large numbers of their family members (Qiaojuan) behind in China. These “left-behind relatives” were seen as a channel through which the government could influence the attitudes and behaviors of the Chinese overseas especially in relation to overseas remittances to families remaining in China; the Qiaojuan thus became a group that successive Chinese governments treated with special consideration in their policy-making. Before 1949, some Qiaojuan received favorable treatment and a degree of protection from extortion and theft, and these were extended to the whole group of Qiaojuan regarding their property and legitimate rights in the post-1949 era, with the exception of the period when the “ultra-Left” policy was implemented. Many Qiaojuan actively used their privileged status to pursue their interests through the transnational protection networks. This article examines the changing perceptions of and policies toward the Qiaojuan on the part of various Chinese governments between the 1880s and the 1990s. It demonstrates that the changing socio-political status of the Qiaojuan is contingent upon the government’s perceived importance of the Chinese overseas and the Qiaojuan in an era of rapid national development.
Cantonese Sojourners and Shiwan Ceramic Roof Decoration in Malaysia
Authors: Mui Ma So 
Published: January 2013

AbstractOver the period October 2006-July 2008, the author conducted a detailed survey of five historic buildings in Malaya constructed by 19th-century Chinese immigrants. These buildings feature roof decorations made in and imported from Shiwan 石灣, China, during that period. The decorations include scenes and figurines representing events and characters taken from Cantonese operas, Chinese legends and classical novels. In studying these decorations the author has come across several recurring themes illustrating concepts such as justice, sworn brotherhood, loyalty and courage in the face of adversity, which shed light on the cultural identities and thinking of the Cantonese migrants. In this paper these themes are interpreted against the background of the social and political circumstances in China and Southeast Asia during the period under discussion, showing how an understanding of the concerns of these Chinese migrants of the past can help one to understand contemporary migrant communities worldwide.
China’s Brain Gain?: Attitudes and Future Plans of Overseas Chinese Students in the US
Authors: Kellogg Ryan P. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe largest group of foreign students currently in the United States comes from the People’s Republic of China (PRC). According to a 1993 UC Berkeley survey (Zweig and Chen 1995), 33% of the Chinese students were planning to eventually return home. However in the past decade this percentage appears to be increasing. This article uses results from surveys conducted in 2001 and 2005 of Chinese students enrolled at American universities to show that the intention to return home after graduation is indeed rising. Based on logistic regression analysis, the cause behind this rise is shown to be largely driven by the economic opportunities back home, although nationalist sentiment driven by the desire to give back to their homeland is also a prominent factor. The impact of 9/11 on US visa and employment policies was shown to have little effect on Chinese students’ post-graduate plans.
Barriers to Social Integration for Chinese Immigrants in Canada, Then and Now: A Comparison
Authors: Wang Yixuan , Zong Li , Li Hui 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
The history of Chinese immigration to Canada can be traced back to more than 150 years. Despite different historical contexts, early Chinese immigrants before/during World War II and recent Chinese immigrants after World War II, especially those since 1960s, have both encountered barriers in the process of social integration in the host country. Using the social exclusion theory, this paper challenges the traditional one-way approach to social integration — which focuses on the immigrants’ personal efforts in adapting to a new social environment — and instead, advocates a two-way approach to analyze Chinese immigrants’ social integration into the host country in the early and more recent times. By making comparisons between them in different social contexts, it is found that the difficulties in social integration are attributable to both the individual and structural barriers rather than personal insufficiency alone. Moreover, despite different manifestations at different times, the nature of and reasons for social exclusion remain the same. The underlying reason for domination-subordination relationship between the excluder and the excluded in different times is attributable to the self interests of the excluders.
Revision and phylogeny of the Oriental hoverfly genus Korinchia Edwards (Diptera: Syrphidae)
Authors: van Steenis Jeroen , Hippa Heikki 
Published: January 2013

The oriental genus Korinchia Edwards, 1919 is revised. The phylogeny and status of the genus is discussed. It is concluded that the Pterallastes group of genera (Korinchia, Pterallastes Loew and Palumbia Rondani) is the sister group of Milesia Latreille. The subdivision of the Pterallastes group in two genera (Pterallastes and Palumbia) is rejected and Korinchia is reinstated as valid genus. Nine new species are described: K. citronella from Vietnam, K. demeijerei from Sumatra, K. flavissima from China, K. himalayensis from Nepal and China, K. iuxtacavea from Malaysia, K. kambaitica from Burma, K. lieftincki from Java, K. ocellata from Burma, and K. sanguinea from Thailand. The male of K. robinsoni Edwards and the females of K. apicalis Shiraki and K. tenax (Thompson) are described for the first time. Lectotypes and paralectotypes are designated for K. minor (De Meijere), K. monticola Edwards, and K. simulans (De Meijere). One new synonymy (K. aurata Hervé-Bazin = K. simulans) is proposed. A key and descriptions of all species are given.
Cockroaches (Blattaria) of Ecuador—checklist and history of research
Authors: VIDLIČKA ĽUBOMÍR 
Published: January 2013

Cockroaches are an understudied group and the total number of described taxa increases every year. The last checklist of Ecuador species was published in 1926. The main aim of this study was to complete a new checklist of cockroach species recorded in Ecuador supplemented with a research history of cockroaches (Blattaria) on the territory of continental Ecuador. In addition, the checklist contains comments on Ecuadorian faunistic records, including the Galápagos Islands. A total of 114 species (105 in continental Ecuador and 18 in Galápagos Islands) belonging to 6 families and 44 genera are listed. Forty species (38.1 %) occur solely in continental Ecuador and five (27.8 %) are endemic on Galápagos Islands. The results indicate that further research on the cockroach fauna of Ecuador as well as determination of museum collections from this territory is needed
Osornodella gabrielae, n. gen. and n. sp., a new falklandellid (Amphipoda: Gammaridea) from freshwaters of the Chilean Coastal Range
Authors: PÉREZ-SCHULTHEISS JORGE 
Published: January 2013

The first species of falklandellid amphipod outside the Falkland Islands: Osornodella gabrielae n. gen., n. sp. is described from freshwaters of subterranean origin in the Coastal Range of Osorno province, Chile. The new taxon is characterized principally by the absence of secondary sexual characters in pereopods 3–4, uropod 3 aequiramous and telson slightly cleft. The new species is described and illustrated and its morphological relationships with other known species of this group are discussed.
Two new genera and three new species of freshwater crabs (Crustacea: Pseudothelphusidae: Potamocarcinini) from Chiapas, Mexico
Authors: VILLALOBOS JOSÉ LUIS , ÁLVAREZ FERNANDO 
Published: January 2013

Two new genera, Sylvathelphusa n. gen. and Tzotzilthelphusa n. gen., and three new species, Sylvathelphusa kalebi n. sp., S. cavernicola n. sp. and Tzotzilthelphusa villarosalensis n. sp., of the tribe Potamocarcinini, family Pseudothelphusidae, are described from Chiapas, Mexico. Sylvathelphusa n. gen. is characterized by a male gonopod with the marginal plate between the caudal and mesial surfaces abruptly widening distally and forming a triangular apical projection; and a mesial process as a strong, acute spine forming a 90º angle with respect to the principal axis of the gonopod. Tzotzilthelphusa n. gen. exhibits a male gonopod strongly bent laterally in the distal third, and a mesial surface rounded distally with acute spinules. Sylvathelphusa n. gen. is similar to Potamocarcinus in gonopod morphology, in both straight and with a mesial process developed as strong tooth in a similar shape and position. Tzotzilthelphusa n. gen. is similar to Phrygiopilus in that the gonopods of both genera develop a supra-apical process that is a continuation of the mesial surface. The new taxa come from the Los Altos de Chiapas region and bring the total number of pseudothelphusid genera in Chiapas to 11.