bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole Body Hyperthermia by Extracorporeal Circulation in Spontaneously Breathing Sarcoma Patients: Hemodynamics and Oxygen Metabolism
Authors: Locker Gottfried J. , Fuchs Eva-Maria , Worel Nina , Bojic Andja , Heinrich Gerhard , Brodowicz Thomas , Clodi Martin , Funk Georg-Christian , Knöbl Paul , Zielinski Christoph C. , Köstler Wolfgang J. 
Published: March 2013

Purpose This phase I study was performed to evaluate the feasibility and toxicity of a new method of extracorporeal perfusion-induced whole body hyperthermia (WBHT) in patients with advanced sarcoma avoiding the need of intubation and general anesthesia. Methods One double-lumen femoral venous access was inserted by Seldinger's technique to obtain WBHT (41.8°C for 120 minutes) via an extracorporeal circuit. No concomitant chemotherapy was applied. Up to 4 treatments of WBHT were performed under moderate sedation in 6 spontaneously breathing patients. Invasive hemodynamic monitoring was performed by use of a pulmonary artery catheter. Results After their first WBHT session, 2 patients were excluded from further treatment due to transient liver toxicity or catheter-related complication, so a total of 12 cycles remained for analyses. In all patients, conscious sedation resulted in sufficient spontaneous respiration without the need for mandatory ventilation. Median time to reach the target temperature was 84 minutes (range 60–142). Hemodynamic changes revealed the expected hyperdynamic state: heart rate, cardiac index, and stroke volume index significantly increased (p<0.05), whereas blood pressure and systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance index significantly decreased (p<0.05). A net fluid balance of 5822+1766 mL as well as norepinephrine (mean; 0.062 μg·kg1·min−1) were necessary to maintain the mean arterial blood pressure >60 mmHg. Conclusion Our data demonstrate the feasibility of this method of extracorporeal WBHT without mandatory ventilation. Hemodynamic side effects in spontaneously breathing patients during perfusion-induced WBHT seem less severe than those observed in radiant heat WBHT.
Outcomes and Hospital Service Use Among Patients With COPD in a Nurse- and Allied Health–Led Clinic
Authors: Wang Kailu , Zhao Shi , Yau Susan Zi-May , Wei Yuchen , Li Yim-Chu , Orr Ryan Wai-Ching , Lam Ivan Hin-Lai , Wu Yushan , Wong Eliza Lai-Yi , Hung Chi-Tim , Yeoh Eng-Kiong 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceMultidisciplinary disease management efforts enable the improvement in lung function among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but there is little evidence of its association with risks of adverse health outcomes and health care service use.ObjectiveTo examine the association between the use of a nurse- and allied health–led primary care clinic for respiratory patients, namely the Nurse and Allied Health Clinic–Respiratory Care (NAHC-Respiratory), and their risks of mortality and morbidity and health care service use.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis territory-wide, population-based, propensity-matched, retrospective cohort study used data from the electronic health records of all patients who used public health care services in Hong Kong, China, from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019. All patients with COPD treated in public outpatient clinics between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2014, were included. Patients who attended NAHC-Respiratory and usual care only were propensity score–matched at a 1:2 ratio. Data analyses were conducted between August 2023 and April 2024.ExposureAttendance at NAHC-Respiratory.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAll-cause and cause-specific mortality, incidence of COPD complications, and use of emergency department and inpatient services until the end of 2019 were compared between the NAHC-Respiratory and usual care participants using Cox proportional hazard regression, Poisson regression, and log-link gamma regression models after matching.ResultsThis study included 9048 eligible patients after matching, including 3093 in the exposure group (2814 [91.0%] men; mean [SD] age, 69.8 [9.5] years) and 5955 in the reference group (5431 [91.2%] men; mean [SD] age, 69.5 [11.7] years). Compared with patients in the usual care–only group (reference), patients in the exposure group had lower risks of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.84; 95% CI, 0.78-0.90) as well as pneumonia-caused (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74-0.97), respiratory-caused (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.77-0.96), and cardiovascular-caused (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.59-0.93) mortality. Exposure was associated with reduced rates of emergency department visits (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.92; 95% CI, 0.86-0.98) and hospitalization through emergency department (IRR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83-0.95).ConclusionsIn this cohort study, the use of a nurse- and allied health–led clinic in primary care settings was associated with reduced risks of mortality and use of hospital services among patients with COPD. These findings emphasize the important role of health care workers other than physicians in disease management in the primary care setting. The NAHC-Respiratory model and service components can be used to help improve primary care programs to benefit more patients with COPD.
Community-Level Disadvantage of Adults With Firearm- vs Motor Vehicle–Related Injuries
Authors: Agoubi Lauren L. , Banks Samantha , Hink Ashley B. , Kuhls Deborah , Kirkendoll Shelbie D. , Winchester Alex , Hoeft Christopher , Patel Bhavin , Nathens Avery 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceMotor vehicle crash (MVC) and firearm injuries are 2 of the top 3 mechanisms of adult injury-related deaths in the US.ObjectiveTo understand the differing associations between community-level disadvantage and firearm vs MVC injuries to inform mechanism-specific prevention strategies and appropriate postdischarge resource allocation.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis multicenter cross-sectional study analyzed prospectively collected data from the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Firearm Study. Included patients were treated either for firearm injury between March 1, 2021, and February 28, 2022, or for MVC-related injuries between January 1 and December 31, 2021, at 1 of 128 participating ACS trauma centers.ExposuresCommunity distress.Main outcome and MeasureOdds of presenting with a firearm as compared with MVC injury based on levels of community distress, as measured by the Distressed Communities Index (DCI) and categorized in quintiles.ResultsA total of 62 981 patients were included (mean [SD] age, 42.9 [17.7] years; 42 388 male [67.3%]; 17 737 Black [28.2%], 9052 Hispanic [14.4%], 36 425 White [57.8%]) from 104 trauma centers. By type, there were 53 474 patients treated for MVC injuries and 9507 treated for firearm injuries. Patients with firearm injuries were younger (median [IQR] age, 31.0 [24.0-40.0] years vs 41.0 [29.0-58.0] years); more likely to be male (7892 of 9507 [83.0%] vs 34 496 of 53 474 [64.5%]), identified as Black (5486 of 9507 [57.7%] vs 12 251 of 53 474 [22.9%]), and Medicaid insured or uninsured (6819 of 9507 [71.7%] vs 21 310 of 53 474 [39.9%]); and had a higher DCI score (median [IQR] score, 74.0 [53.2-94.8] vs 58.0 [33.0-83.0]) than MVC injured patients. Among admitted patients, the odds of presenting with a firearm injury compared with MVC injury were 1.50 (95% CI, 1.35-1.66) times higher for patients living in the most distressed vs least distressed ZIP codes. After controlling for age, sex, race, ethnicity, and payer type, the DCI components associated with the highest adjusted odds of presenting with a firearm injury were a high housing vacancy rate (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.04-1.19) and high poverty rate (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.10-1.24). Among patients sustaining firearm injuries patients, 4333 (54.3%) received no referrals for postdischarge rehabilitation, home health, or psychosocial services.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of adults with firearm- and motor vehicle–related injuries, we found that patients from highly distressed communities had higher odds of presenting to a trauma center with a firearm injury as opposed to an MVC injury. With two-thirds of firearm injury survivors treated at trauma centers being discharged without psychosocial services, community-level measures of disadvantage may be useful for allocating postdischarge care resources to patients with the greatest need.
Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Youth Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown
Authors: Adise Shana , West Amy E. , Rezvan Panteha Hayati , Marshall Andrew T. , Betts Samantha , Kan Eric , Sowell Elizabeth R. 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceAdolescence is a period in which mental health problems emerge. Research suggests that the COVID-19 lockdown may have worsened emotional and behavioral health.ObjectiveTo examine whether socioeconomic status was associated with mental health outcomes among youths during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study is a multisite 10-year longitudinal study of youth neurocognitive development in the US. Recruitment was staggered where the baseline visit (ages 9 to 10 years) occurred from 2016 to 2018, and visits occurred yearly. The COVID-19 lockdown halted research collection during the 2-year follow-up visits (ages 11 to 12 years), but eventually resumed. As some youths already underwent their 2-year visits prior to lockdown, this allowed for a natural experiment-like design to compare prepandemic and intrapandemic groups. Thus, data were gathered from the 1-year follow-up (pre–COVID-19 lockdown for all youths) and the 2-year follow-up, of which a portion of youths had data collected after the lockdown began, to compare whether a period of near social isolation was associated with mental health symptoms in youths. The prepandemic group consisted of youths with a 2-year follow-up visit collected prior to March 11, 2020, and the intrapandemic group had their 2-year follow-up visit after lockdown restrictions were lifted.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAssessments included measures on income-to-needs ratio (INR; derived from total household income), the Child Behavior Checklist (a measure of mental health symptomology), and the Family Environmental Scale.ResultsThe final sample included 10 399 youths; 3947 (52.3%) were male; 2084 (20.3%) were Latinx/Hispanic; 6765 (66.0%) were White; 4600 (44.2%) reported caregiver education levels below a 4-year college degree; and 2475 (26.2%) had INR either below 100% (indicating poverty) or between 100% and less than 200% (near poverty). Among youths in the intrapandemic group, worse mental health symptoms (eg, more total problems, greater depression, and greater anxiety) over time were associated with being from a household with higher socioeconomic status (eg, when comparing individuals who differed by 1 unit on INR between prepandemic and intrapandemic groups from 1-year to 2-year follow-up, their expected difference in total problems score was 0.79 [95% CI, 0.37-1.22]; false discovery rate–corrected P &amp;lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study found that the COVID-19 lockdown was associated with disproportionately negative mental health outcomes among youths from higher socioeconomic status backgrounds. Although this study does not shed light on the direct mechanisms driving these associations, it does provide some support for positive outcomes for youths. Future studies are needed to understand whether these associations persist over longer periods of time.
Tailoring Synergistic Multifunctionality in Lightweight Bio‐Inspired Cylindrical Core‐Shell Hybrid Composites
Authors: Aguiar Rafaela , Sansone Nello D. , Cheung Nichole , Tuccitto Anthony V. , Su To Yu Troy , Soltani Iman , Leroux Matthew , Lee Patrick C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBiological structures achieve remarkable material performance owing to naturally assembled structures that extend from the molecular to macro‐scale. Synergy among constituents of various length scales yields lightweight, hierarchically structured materials with properties superior to those of individual components. To replicate nature's ingenuity, this work emulates the cylindrical core‐shell structure found in osteons and bamboo, utilizing Halloysite Nanotubes (HNTs) and Glass Fibers (GFs) in a semi‐crystalline polymer matrix. HNTs are environmentally friendly, naturally occurring tubular aluminosilicates with high aspect ratios, large lumen volumes, and low cost, and are readily dispersible in polymer matrices. Here, hierarchical reinforcement is achieved through controlled electrostatic assembly of HNTs onto GFs and subsequent trans‐crystallization‐encapsulation. This cylindrical core‐shell architecture yields composites with exceptional mechanical performance, superior thermal management (insulation/stability), improved industrial processability, and reduced flame propagation speed. Compared to the current industrial composite substitute for metallic structural components, the hybrid composites exhibit a remarkable 84% increase in impact strength, 27% increase in specific tensile strength, 56% increase in tensile toughness, and 30% in specific flexural strength, accompanied by a 20% weight reduction and a 255% increase in processability (melt‐flow index). This scalable assembly strategy marks a cornerstone in lightweight multifunctional materials development, to conquer future sustainability targets.
High‐Performance Nanogap Photodetectors Based on 2D Halide Perovskites with a Novel Spacer Cation
Authors: Shen Yi , Luo Linqu , Zhang Yuxuan , Meng You , Yan Yan , Xie Pengshan , Li Dengji , Ji Yu , Hu Siliang , Yip SenPo , Lai Zhengxun , Anthopoulos Thomas D. , Ho Johnny C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract2D Ruddlesden─Popper (RP) halide perovskites are attracting increasing research interest due to their enhanced stability compared to 3D perovskites. However, the quantum confinement effect of bulk organic spacers hinders the separation and transport of photo‐generated carriers. Here, a multiple aromatic ring spacer, 3‐benzothiophene methylammonium (BTMA), is developed for a new 2D RP perovskite. The BTMA spacer is demonstrated, with a significant dipole moment, can impair the influence of the quantum confinement effect, and the presence of S atoms or thiophene is favorable for enhancing the interaction between organic spacers and inorganic sheets, improving the stability of perovskites. The perovskite photodetector with BTMA as spacers displays higher device performance than the control sample with 1‐naphthalene methylammonium (NMA) as spacers. Importantly, the outstanding stability of BTMA‐based perovskite films and devices is also confirmed under moisture, heat, and illumination conditions. Combining the asymmetric coplanar nanogap electrode architecture, the photodetectors' enhanced responsivity, detectivity, and external quantum efficiency of 314 A W−1, 3.4 × 1013 Jones, and 865%, respectively, are demonstrated. Importantly, the nanogap photodetectors display promising self‐power characteristics, which makes them attractive for numerous energy‐efficient applications. The work highlights a new route toward developing high‐performance 2D RP perovskite‐based photodetectors with excellent long‐term stability.
Tumor Redox‐Responsive Minimalist B/Fe Nano‐Chains for Chemodynamically Enhanced Ferroptosis and Synergistic Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
Authors: Wang Mixue , Hao Haotian , Bai Peirong , Wu Jiayan , Zhang Zizhu , Liu Tong , Yang Yongzhen , Li Liping , Pu Kanyi , Zhang Ruiping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBoron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) as a binary targeted particle radiotherapy strategy has shown potent anti‐cancer potential. However, biological barriers and restricted blood supply pose challenges in achieving adequate boron concentration within deep‐seated tumor lesions. BNCT with other anti‐cancer therapies, such as X‐ray radiotherapy and photothermal therapy, is devised to address the limitations of BNCT efficiency. However, the potential risk of organ‐accumulating toxicity and treatment complexity of dual exogenous activation hinders its development. To address this problem, newly redox‐responsive boron nano‐chains (RBNC) are reported that combine BNCT and endogenous chemodynamic therapy (CDT)‐enhanced ferroptosis. RBNC specifically activates nanoparticle size conversion (large‐to‐small) in response to GSH/H2O2 in the tumor microenvironment, releasing boron delivery agents boron quantum dots (BQD) and Fe3+. RBNC exhibits negligible systemic toxicity while demonstrating high boron accumulation at tumor. Meanwhile, the introduction of Fe3+ not only produces ·OH through reaction with H2O2, but also depletes GSH and reduces GPX4 activity in tumors, resulting in amplified intracellular oxidative stress and chemodynamically enhanced ferroptosis. Thus, the work provides a strategy to solve the problem of insufficient boron concentration and poor targeting of boron delivery agents and fill the gaps of BNCT combined with CDT and ferroptosis.
Ultrafast Construction of Interfacial Akaganéite FeOOH Phase to Enable the Long‐Term Stability of Nickel‐Iron Hydroxides for Seawater Splitting at Ampere‐Level Current Density
Authors: Liu Zhibin , Li Yuanyuan , Zeng Libin , Peng Xianyu , Wang Dashuai , Li Zhongjian , Yang Bin , Li Yuanyuan , Lei Lecheng , Hou Yang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNiFe‐based hydroxides are well‐established as efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline purified water. However, they usually degrade rapidly in seawater electrolysis because of concentrated Cl− anions in seawater. In this work, a facile approach utilizing an ultrafast dipping method is presented to fabricate durable and scalable NiFe hydroxides, enhanced by interfacial akaganéite FeOOH for seawater splitting. This study reveals significantly improved electrocatalytic stability of NiFe hydroxides at an ampere‐level current density of 1000 mA cm−2 for 100 h in alkaline seawater. It is realized by the formed FeOOH in a specific akaganéite phase whose lattice tunnels are well filled by intrinsic Cl− anions, that serve to electrostatically repel corrosive chlorides in electrolyte. This anionic design also provides superior corrosion protection for other active metal‐based OER electrocatalysts when deployed in alkaline purified water and allows for facile scaling up of the anode, facilitating the practical utilization for seawater electrolysis.
Control of Photoinduced Charge Transfer Through Selective Cyanation of Spirofluorene‐Bridged N‐Heterotriangulenes
Authors: Jocic Angelina , Galindo Danyellen , Weidlich Anna , Zerhoch Jonathan , Rominger Frank , Buckup Tiago , Deschler Felix , Dreuw Andreas , Kivala Milan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA series of selectively cyanated spirofluorene‐bridged N‐heterotriangulenes (N‐HTAs) with three to nine cyano groups are synthesized via a newly developed synthetic strategy. X‐ray crystallographic analysis of the compounds revealed a tripod‐like molecular shape with the fluorenyl moieties arranged in a perpendicular fashion around the nitrogen‐centered N‐HTA core. The solid state packing is found to be strongly influenced by the dipolar cyano functions. Under electrochemical conditions, the N‐HTA core is prone to undergo a reversible one‐electron oxidation toward the nitrogen‐centered radical cation, which becomes increasingly difficult as the number of the cyano acceptors, and consequently the ionization potential, increases. While a clear bathochromic shift is observed in the steady‐state UV–vis absorption spectra, the fluorescence behavior is complex and strongly dependent on the position and number of the cyano groups. The compound with six cyano functions at the fluorenyl flanks is unique within the series and shows a broad emission maximum at 499 nm and an unusually large Stokes shift of 10 171 cm−1. Time‐resolved absorption and fluorescence measurements, supported by quantum chemical calculations, identified this spectroscopic signature to originate from fast and robust photoinduced intramolecular charge transfer.
Revealing the Electrocatalytic Reaction Mechanism of Water Splitting by In Situ Raman Technique
Authors: Hu Weifeng , Luo Yixiang , Zhu Enchi , Zhang Anlei , Wang Longlu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUsing renewable energy for water splitting to produce hydrogen is a crucial step toward achieving the dual carbon goals. However, due to the lack of a clear understanding of the precise localization of catalytic active sites and the complex structural evolution of catalysts during actual reaction conditions, there is still a challenge to reveal the electrocatalytic reaction mechanism of water splitting. In situ electrochemical Raman characterization technique can dynamically monitor the structural evolution of catalysts in real time, reveal the dynamic structure‐performance relationship of catalysts during the reaction process, and explore the catalytic reaction mechanism. This paper focuses on reviewing the latest developments in in situ electrochemical Raman characterization technology in terms of active sites on catalyst surfaces, the behavior of interfacial water molecules, and the structure evolution of electrocatalysts. The future development prospect of advanced in situ electrochemical Raman technology is also prospected.
The first deployments of pop‐up satellite archival tags on black sea bass (Centropristis striata)
Authors: Patel Samir H. , Alexander Ricky , Davis Farrell , Garcia Luisa , Jennings Natalie , Pappas William , Shivers Nathan , Trenholm Nicole 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBlack sea bass (Centropristis striata; BSB) are a commercially managed species with an increasing population in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. Understanding their movement ecology can be difficult due to their wide distribution and ability to inhabit both inshore and offshore reef habitats. BSB have been studied using a range of tagging techniques, and here we present the results of the first deployments of pop‐up satellite archival tags (PSAT) on this species. During 2019 and 2021, we conducted four fishing trips within the southern Mid‐Atlantic Bight region of the NW Atlantic and tagged a total of 30 fish with T‐bar tags and external data loggers, of which 4 received a PSAT and the rest received a Star‐Oddi conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) archival tag. All PSATs transmitted some data, with short attachment durations (8–32 days) relative to the programmed release of 250 days, and we did not recover a Star‐Oddi tag. External tag attachment techniques need to be examined and improved before continued deployment of larger data loggers on BSB.
Ribosome‐Free Translation up to Pentapeptides via Template Walk on RNA Sequences
Authors: Reußwig Sabrina G. , Richert Clemens 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe origin of translation is one of the most difficult problems of molecular evolution. Identifying molecular systems that translate an RNA sequence into a peptide sequence in the absence of ribosomes and enzymes is a challenge. Recently, single‐nucleotide translation via coupling of 5′ phosphoramidate‐linked amino acids to 2′/3′‐aminoacyl transfer‐NMPs, as directed by the sequence of an RNA template, was demonstrated for three of the four canonical nucleotides. How single‐nucleotide translation could be expanded to include all four bases and to produce longer peptides without translocation along the template strand remained unclear. Using transfer strands of increasing length containing any of the four bases that interrogate adjacent positions along the template, we now show that pentapeptides can be produced in coupling reactions and subsequent hydrolytic release in situ. With 2′/3′‐aminoacylated mono‐, di‐, tri‐ and tetranucleotides we thus show how efficient translation can be without biomacromolecules.