bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endectocide activity of a pour‐on formulation containing 1.5 per cent ivermectin +0.5 per cent abamectin in cattle
Authors: Silva Heloisa Cristina , Prette Nancy , Lopes Welber Daniel Zanetti , Sakamoto Cláudio Alessandro M , Buzzulini Carolina , Santos Thais Rabelo dos , Cruz Breno Cayeiro , Teixeira Weslen F Pires , Felippelli Gustavo , Carvalho Rafael Silveira , Maciel Willian Giquelin , Soares Vando Edésio , Costa Alvimar José da 
Published: June 2015

The present work aimed to evaluate, through ten different studies, the therapeutic efficacy of a new pour‐on formulation, containing 1.5 per cent ivermectin +0.5 per cent abamectin, against parasites of cattle. Results obtained on trials against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus showed that the pour‐on combination of 1.5 per cent ivermectin +0.5 per cent abamectin obtained superior efficacy indexes against this ectoparasite, when compared with formulations containing 0.5 per cent ivermectin, 1 per cent ivermectin and the combination of 1 per cent abamectin +20 per cent levamisole. The results of efficacy of the ivermectin+abamectin and the 0.5 per cent ivermectin against Haematobia irritans were similar. Against Cochliomyia hominivorax larvae, all pour‐on formulations tested (1.5 per cent ivermectin +0.5 per cent abamectin, 0.5 per cent ivermectin and 0.5 per cent abamectin), as well as 1 per cent doramectin administered subcutaneously, were considered ineffective. Cattle medicated with 1.5 per cent ivermectin +0.5 per cent abamectin, pour‐on, remained free from parasitism by Dermatobia hominis larvae during 42 days (96 per cent efficacy), while values superior to 90 per cent were obtained by 0.5 per cent ivermectin (92 per cent) and 0.5 per cent abamectin (93 per cent) until the 42nd and 35th days post treatment, respectively. Against Haemonchus placei and Oesophagostomum radiatum, the pour‐on of ivermectin+abamectin showed better efficacy than the 0.5 per cent ivermectin and 0.5 per cent abamectin. As to Cooperia punctata, there was no difference regarding efficacy results obtained by the avermectins combination and abamectin. The pour‐on combination of 1.5 per cent ivermectin +0.5 per cent abamectin obtained high efficacy against R. (B.) microplus, D. hominis and some species of cattle gastrointestinal helminths when compared with formulations of 0.5 per cent ivermectin and 0.5 per cent abamectin administered through the same route.
Measuring PI3K Activation: Clinicopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and RNA Expression Analysis in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Martin Neil E. , Gerke Travis , Sinnott Jennifer A. , Stack Edward C. , Andrén Ove , Andersson Swen-Olof , Johansson Jan-Erik , Fiorentino Michelangelo , Finn Stephen , Fedele Giuseppe , Stampfer Meir , Kantoff Philip W. , Mucci Lorelei A. , Loda Massimo 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Assessing the extent of PI3K pathway activity in cancer is vital to predicting sensitivity to PI3K-targeting drugs, but the best biomarker of PI3K pathway activity in archival tumor specimens is unclear. Here, PI3K pathway activation was assessed, in clinical tissue from 1,021 men with prostate cancers, using multiple pathway nodes that include PTEN, phosphorylated AKT (pAKT), phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 (pS6), and stathmin. Based on these markers, a 9-point score of PI3K activation was created using the combined intensity of the 4-markers and analyzed its association with proliferation (Ki67), apoptosis (TUNEL), and androgen receptor (AR) status, as well as pathologic features and cancer-specific outcomes. In addition, the PI3K activation score was compared with mRNA expression profiling data for a large subset of men. Interestingly, those tumors with higher PI3K activation scores also had higher Gleason grade (P = 0.006), increased AR (r = 0.37; P &lt; 0.001) and Ki67 (r = 0.24; P &lt; 0.001), and decreased TUNEL (r = −0.12; P = 0.003). Although the PI3K activation score was not associated with an increased risk of lethal outcome, a significant interaction between lethal outcome, Gleason and high PI3K score (P = 0.03) was observed. Finally, enrichment of PI3K-specific pathways was found in the mRNA expression patterns differentiating the low and high PI3K activation scores; thus, the 4-marker IHC score of PI3K pathway activity correlates with features of PI3K activation.
Implications: The relationship of this activation score to sensitivity to anti-PI3K agents remains to be tested but may provide more precision guidance when selecting patients for these therapies. Mol Cancer Res; 13(10); 1431–40. ©2015 AACR.
Structure, Dynamics, and Functionality of Tankyrase Inhibitor-Induced Degradasomes
Authors: Thorvaldsen Tor Espen , Pedersen Nina Marie , Wenzel Eva M. , Schultz Sebastian W. , Brech Andreas , Liestøl Knut , Waaler Jo , Krauss Stefan , Stenmark Harald 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Tankyrase (TNKS) enzymes, due to their poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity, have emerged as potential targets in experimental cancer therapy. However, the functional consequences of TNKS inhibition remain incompletely resolved because of the binding promiscuity of TNKS. One of the hallmarks of small-molecule TNKS inhibitors (TNKSi) is the stabilization of AXIN, which plays a pivotal role in the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. The present study focused on the known ability of TNKSi to induce cytoplasmic puncta (degradasomes) consisting of components of the signal-limiting WNT/β-catenin destruction complex. Using the colorectal cancer cell line SW480 stably transfected with GFP-TNKS1, it was demonstrated that a TNKS-specific inhibitor (G007-LK) induces highly dynamic and mobile degradasomes that contain phosphorylated β-catenin, ubiquitin, and β-TrCP. Likewise, G007-LK was found to induce similar degradasomes in other colorectal cancer cell lines expressing wild-type or truncated versions of the degradasome component APC. Super-resolution and electron microscopy revealed that the induced degradasomes in SW480 cells are membrane-free structures that consist of a filamentous assembly of high electron densities and discrete subdomains of various destruction complex components. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching experiments further demonstrated that β-catenin–mCherry was rapidly turned over in the G007-LK-induced degradasomes, whereas GFP-TNKS1 remained stable. In conclusion, TNKS inhibition attenuates WNT/β-catenin signaling by promoting dynamic assemblies of functional active destruction complexes into a TNKS-containing scaffold even in the presence of an APC truncation.
Implications: This study demonstrates that β-catenin is rapidly turned over in highly dynamic assemblies of WNT destruction complexes (degradasomes) upon tankyrase inhibition and provides a direct mechanistic link between degradasome formation and reduced WNT signaling in colorectal cancer cells. Mol Cancer Res; 13(11); 1487–501. ©2015 AACR.
Persistent Aortic Arch Hypoplasia After Coarctation Treatment Is Associated With Late Systemic Hypertension
Authors: Quennelle Sophie , Powell Andrew J. , Geva Tal , Prakash Ashwin 
Published: June 2015

Background

Mild transverse aortic arch (
TAA
) hypoplasia is common after coarctation treatment, but is considered benign in the absence of an arm‐leg systolic blood pressure (
SBP
) difference. Hypertension (HTN) is a common long‐term morbidity after successful coarctation treatment. We examined whether mild
TAA
hypoplasia after coarctation treatment is associated with late systemic HTN.

Methods and Results

We retrospectively reviewed 92 patients (median age, 19.9 years; range, 4.9 to 57.8; 60% male) 14.1±10.3 years after successful coarctation treatment (surgery in 63, stent in 16, and balloon dilation in 13), excluding those with resting right arm‐leg blood pressure gradient >20 mm Hg, atypical coarctation, and major associated heart defects. Minimum body‐surface area (
BSA
)‐adjusted
TAA
cross‐sectional area (
CSA
) was calculated from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images. On follow‐up, 38 of 92 (41%) patients had systemic HTN using standard criteria. Systemic HTN was independently associated with smaller
TAA CSA
/
BSA
(
P
=0.006; odds ratio [OR], 6.41 per 0.5 cm
2
/m
2
decrease), higher age at
CMR
(
P
=0.03; OR, 1.57 per 5‐year increase), and in a subset (n=61), higher arm‐leg
SBP
difference during exercise (
P
=0.05; OR, 1.03 per 1‐mm‐Hg increase). Lower ratio of
TAA
diameter/descending aorta diameter was associated with a larger increase in right arm
SBP
during peak exercise (
P
=0.006;
r
2
=0.11).

Conclusions

Persistent mild aortic arch hypoplasia, even in the absence of an arm‐leg
SBP
difference at rest, is associated with late systemic HTN. Further studies should be undertaken to determine whether more‐aggressive arch reconstruction at initial repair can reduce the incidence of systemic HTN.
Methods of Implementation of Evidence-Based Stroke Care in Europe
Authors: Di Carlo Antonio , Pezzella Francesca Romana , Fraser Alec , Bovis Francesca , Baeza Juan , McKevitt Chris , Boaz Annette , Heuschmann Peter , Wolfe Charles D.A. , Inzitari Domenico ,   The European Implementation Score Collaboration Study Group Coinvestigators, Thijs Vincent , Rudd Anthony , Boaz Annette , Giroud Maurice , Bejot Yannick , Wiedmann Silke , Hermanek Peter , Wagner Markus , Baldereschi Marzia , Lamassa Maria , Romani Ilaria , Nencini Patrizia , Rastenyte Daiva , Ryglewicz Danuta , Czlonkowska Anna , Niewada Maciej , Dennis Martin , Gallofré Miquel , Abilleira Sonia , Masjuan Jaime , Norrving Bo , Asplund Kjell 
Published: June 2015

Background and Purpose—
Differences in stroke care and outcomes reported in Europe may reflect different degrees of implementation of evidence-based interventions. We evaluated strategies for implementing research evidence into stroke care in 10 European countries.

Methods—
A questionnaire was developed and administered through face-to-face interviews with key informants. Implementation strategies were investigated considering 3 levels (macro, meso, and micro, eg, policy, organization, patients/professionals) identified by the framing analysis, and different settings (primary, hospital, and specialist) of stroke care. Similarities and differences among countries were evaluated using the categorical principal components analysis.

Results—
Implementation methods reported by ≥7 countries included nonmandatory policies, public financial incentives, continuing professional education, distribution of educational material, educational meetings and campaigns, guidelines, opinion leaders’, and stroke patients associations’ activities. Audits were present in 6 countries at national level; national and regional regulations in 4 countries. Private financial incentives, reminders, and educational outreach visits were reported only in 2 countries. At national level, the first principal component of categorical principal components analysis separated England, France, Scotland, and Sweden, all with positive object scores, from the other countries. Belgium and Lithuania obtained the lowest scores. At regional level, England, France, Germany, Italy, and Sweden had positive scores in the first principal component, whereas Belgium, Lithuania, Poland, and Scotland showed negative scores. Spain was in an intermediate position.

Conclusions—
We developed a novel method to assess different domains of implementation in stroke care. Clear variations were observed among European countries. The new tool may be used elsewhere for future contributions.
Synthesis of Vortex Rossby Waves. Part II: Vortex Motion and Waves in the Outer Waveguide
Authors: Gonzalez Israel , Cotto Amaryllis , Willoughby Hugh E. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Beta, the meridional gradient of planetary vorticity, causes tropical cyclones to propagate poleward and westward at approximately 2 m s−1. In a previous shallow-water linear model, the simulated vortex accelerated without limit, ostensibly because beta forced a free linear mode. In the analogous nonlinear model, wave–wave interaction limited the propagation speed. Subsequent work based upon the asymmetric balance (AB) approximation was unable to replicate the linear result.
The present barotropic nondivergent model replicates the linear beta gyres as a streamfunction dipole with a uniform southeasterly ventilation flow across the vortex. The simulated storm accelerates to unphysical, but finite, speeds that are limited by vorticity filamentation. In the analogous nonlinear model, nonlinearly forced wavenumber-1 gyres have opposite phase to the linear gyres so that their ventilation flow counteracts advection by the linear gyres to limit the overall vortex speed to approximately 3 m s−1.
A bounded mean vortex with zero circulation at large radius must contain an outer annulus of anticyclonic vorticity to satisfy the circulation theorem. The resulting positive mean vorticity gradient constitutes an outer waveguide that supports downstream-propagating, very-low-frequency vortex Rossby waves. It is confined between an inner critical radius where the waves are absorbed and an outer turning point where they are reflected. Vorticity filamentation at the critical radius limits the beta-drift acceleration. The original unlimited linear acceleration stemmed from too-weak dissipation caused by second-order diffusion applied to velocity components instead of vorticity. Fourth-order diffusion and no outer waveguide in the Rankine-like vortex of the AB simulations plausibly explain the different results.
Change in Quality of Life with Velopharyngeal Insufficiency Surgery
Authors: Skirko Jonathan R. , Weaver Edward M. , Perkins Jonathan A. , Kinter Sara , Eblen Linda , Martina Julie , Sie Kathleen C.Y. 
Published: June 2015

Objectives(1) To define the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of the Velopharyngeal Insufficiency (VPI) Effects on Life Outcomes (VELO) instrument, and (2) to test for the change in quality of life (QOL) after VPI surgery.Study DesignProspective observational cohort.SettingVPI clinic at a tertiary pediatric medical center.Subjects and MethodsChildren with VPI and their parents completed the VELO instrument (higher score is better QOL) at enrollment and then underwent VPI surgery (Furlow palatoplasty or sphincter pharyngoplasty, n = 32), other treatments (obturator or oronasal fistula repair, n = 7), or no treatment (n = 18). They completed the VELO instrument again and an instrument of global rating of change in QOL at 1 year. The MCID was anchored to the global change instrument scores corresponding to “a little” or “somewhat” better. Within‐group (paired t test) and between‐group (Student t test) changes in VELO scores were tested for the VPI surgery and no treatment groups. The association between treatment group and change in VELO scores was tested with multivariate linear regression, adjusting for confounders.ResultsFollow‐up was obtained for 37 of 57 (65%) patients. The mean (±standard deviation) change in VELO scores corresponding to the MCID anchor was 15 ± 13. The VELO score improved significantly more in the VPI surgery group (change, 22 ± 15; P <. 001) than in the no treatment group (change, 9 ± 12; P =. 04), after adjusting for confounders (P =. 007 between groups).ConclusionVPI surgery using the Furlow palatoplasty or sphincter pharyngoplasty improves VPI‐specific QOL, and the improvement is clinically important.
Using Polysomnography and Airway Evaluation to Predict Successful Decannulation in Children
Authors: Gurbani Neepa , Promyothin Ussana , Rutter Michael , Fenchel Matthew C. , Szczesniak Rhonda D. , Simakajornboon Narong 
Published: June 2015

ObjectiveDecannulation readiness is approached in several ways and is tailored to the individual patient. While microlaryngoscopy and bronchoscopy evaluate airway patency at all levels, polysomnography assesses sleep‐related upper airway physiology. There are limited data in the literature on the utility of these tools. Thus, the main objectives of this study were (1) to identify sleep and respiratory parameters associated with successful decannulation and (2) to determine the agreement between microlaryngoscopy and bronchoscopy and polysomnography.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingQuaternary care pediatric hospital.Subjects and MethodsA retrospective review of medical records, microlaryngoscopy and bronchoscopy, and polysomnographs was performed on subjects preparing for decannulation from 2005 to 2010. Fifty‐nine subjects who underwent overnight polysomnography with a tracheostomy capping trial and microlaryngoscopy and bronchoscopy were included. Prediction of successful decannulation from polysomnography parameters was determined using logistic regression analysis.ResultsFifty‐nine subjects with a total of 78 polysomnographs were subdivided into 2 groups: 42 polysomnographs were classified as successfully decannulated, and 36 polysomnographs belonged to the group that did not decannulate. Logistic regression analysis determined that the Apnea Hypopnea Index (P =. 0423) and maximal end‐tidal CO2 (P =. 046) were significant predictors for successful decannulation.ConclusionAirway evaluation by microlaryngoscopy and bronchoscopy is an essential tool in the assessment of decannulation readiness. Polysomnography is an important additional tool for children with complex airway problems. Our results indicate that certain polysomnographic parameters such as Apnea Hypopnea Index and maximal end‐tidal CO2 are valuable in predicting successful tracheostomy decannulation.
Photocatalytic Property of TiO2-Vermiculite Composite Nanofibers via Electrospinning
Authors: Tang Chao , Hu Meiling , Fang Minghao , Liu Yangai , Wu Xiaowen , Liu Wenjuan , Wang Meng , Huang Zhaohui 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most common photocatalysts. In this study, TiO2-vermiculite composite nanofibers with a mesh structure and a diameter of approximately 300 nm were prepared via sol–gel approach combined with electrospinning technique. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, etc. The photocatalytic property was also evaluated. The TiO2-vermiculite composite nanofibers annealed at 550 °C for 3 h exhibited the best absorption and photo-degradation ability for the treatment of methylene blue. The results implied that the combination of mineral vermiculite powders with TiO2 enhanced the absorption-degradation performance of the as-prepared photocatalytic materials, consequently promoting the materials’ ability to degrade methylene blue.
A note on Krasnosel’skii fixed point theorem
Authors: Xiang Tian , Yuan Rong 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn this note, a couple of unclear and unnecessary points made in the two existing papers by Liu and Li (Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 136:1213-1220, 2008) and Xiang and Yuan (Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 139:1033-1044, 2011) are first pointed out and clarified. Second, a few additional remarks are observed. Upon these observations, three corresponding refined and unified Krasnosel’skii fixed point theorems in strong topology setup are formulated. As an illustration, several new classes of Krasnosel’skii fixed point theorems are obtained, which expand and complement some known related results by Agarwal, O’Regan and Taoudi (Fixed Point Theory Appl. 2010:243716, 2010) and Edmunds (Math. Ann. 174:233-239, 1967).
Strong convergence theorems of Cesàro-type means for nonexpansive mapping in CAT(0) space
Authors: Tang Jinfang , Chang Shih-sen , Dong Jian 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe iterative algorithms with Cesàro-type means for a nonexpansive mapping are proposed in CAT(0) spaces. Under suitable conditions, some strong convergence theorems for the sequence generated by the algorithms to a fixed point of the nonexpansive mapping are proved. We also proved that this fixed point is also a unique solution to some kind of variational inequality. The results presented in this paper extend and improve the corresponding results of some others.
Improving in-service teachers’ effectiveness: K-12 academic literacy for the linguistically diverse
Authors: Berg Margaret A. , Huang Jingzi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis study investigates how in-service teachers’ learning of a functional linguistic approach for instructional design contributes to linguistic sensitivity, knowledge acquisition, skill development, and classroom practice for their students’ development in content/discipline specific literacy. Twenty-three K-12 teachers with teaching experience ranging from 1 to 12 years, from one urban and three rural school districts, took part in this study. The mixed-method approach includes interviews, baseline and post intervention measures related to instructional planning, and classroom practice observations. The professional development intervention resulted in statistically significant changes in means on all measures. Thematic analysis of interview data showed an increase in the teachers’ knowledge of linguistic sensitivity for linguistically and culturally responsive instruction. Implications for the findings include a need for increased linguistic sensitivity among teachers through teacher preparation programs at colleges, or in professional development for advanced teachers.
Incentives to using solar thermal energy in Taiwan
Authors: Chang Keh-Chin , Lin Wei-Min , Chung Kung-Ming 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
A national subsidy program is one of the key elements for translating customer choice into a larger market share for renewable energies. Since solar water heaters (SWHs) are a cost-effective and mature technology, purchase-based subsidy programs have been sponsored by the Bureau of Energy, Ministry of Economic Affairs (BEMOEA) in Taiwan. The market of SWHs is associated with economic factors, population characteristics, degree of urbanization (available roof space), and climatic conditions. Regional programs have also affected the growth in sales. However, the penetration rates are still low, and the local market has changed little in recent years. Thus, the timing of the termination of the long-duration subsidy program is a subject of debate. In this study, a new scheme in the residential sector is proposed in the period of 2016 to 2019. In addition, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) make up the majority of Taiwanese companies. Most SMEs suffer from insufficient capital to support their commercial activities. To prompt solar thermal energy in the commercial sector, the energy service company (ESCO) business model can be adopted. The same feed-in tariffs for PV systems can be granted for SWHs and photovoltaic/thermal (PVT) systems with performance-based subsidies to end users or ESCOs.