bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of factors associated with desaturation in prehospital emergency anaesthesia in primary and secondary retrievals
Authors: Wimalasena Yashvi H , Corfield Alasdair R , Hearns Stephen 
Published: November 2014

ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence and factors associated with desaturation related to emergency intubations within an aeromedical retrieval service pertaining to both primary prehospital and secondary interhospital missions.MethodsA retrospective analysis of all rapid sequence intubations (RSI) was performed by the Emergency Medical Retrieval Service over a 4.5-year period (June 2008–November 2012). For each RSI, clinical indication for RSI, age, sex, traumatic or medical diagnosis, team leader specialty, Cormack and Lehane (C-L) grade of laryngoscope view, attempts at intubation, desaturation and hypotension was analysed. A multiple logistical regression analysis was constructed using the factors identified in the univariate logistical regression using a backward stepwise model.ResultsDuring the study period, a total of 1423 missions were carried out. 1088 of these missions were secondary retrievals and 335 were primary prehospital missions. 208 patients required RSI during the study period. Our data show that 15.4% of all anaesthetised patients had a desaturation during emergency anaesthesia. This included 11.3% of primary prehospital patients and 16.8% of secondary retrieval patients (95% CI −5.0% to 15.8%). 7.9% of patients had an episode of hypotension during RSI. Univariate associations for desaturation were more than one attempt at intubation and a C-L grade III or worse view. Multivariate analysis showed only C-L grade III or worse view as an independent risk factor for desaturation.ConclusionsDesaturation was not more common in secondary retrieval patients. Multiple attempts at intubation and a poor laryngoscopic view at intubation were associated with desaturation during RSI.
Sexual Transmission of Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection among Men
Authors: Dahlstrom Kristina R. , Burchell Ann N. , Ramanakumar Agnihotram V. , Rodrigues Allita , Tellier Pierre-Paul , Hanley James , Coutlée François , Franco Eduardo L. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
We estimated the prevalence of oral human papillomavirus (HPV) and assessed risk factors among young heterosexual men participating in the HPV Infection and Transmission among Couples through Heterosexual Activity (HITCH) study. Oral and genital HPV samples were collected from 222 men and their female partners who were participating in the HITCH study, a longitudinal cohort on HPV transmission among heterosexual couples. Demographic and behavioral data were collected through self-administered computer questionnaires and biologic samples were tested with the Linear Array for HPV. Outcome measures were overall and type-specific prevalence of oral HPV. The prevalence of oral HPV among men was 7.2% and was higher among men who were ever smokers (12.2%), in nonmonogamous relationships (17.9%), or had a partner with oral (28.6%) and/or genital (11.5%) HPV infection. Moreover, prevalence increased with frequency of oral sex among men whose partner who had a genital infection with the same HPV type. Our results provide further evidence that oral HPV may be transmitted through either oral–oral or oral–genital routes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(12); 2959–64. ©2014 AACR.
Patients’ Preferences in Anticoagulant Therapy
Authors: Najafzadeh Mehdi , Gagne Joshua J. , Choudhry Niteesh K. , Polinski Jennifer M. , Avorn Jerry , Schneeweiss Sebastian S. 
Published: November 2014

Background—
With proliferating treatment options for anticoagulant therapy, physicians and patients must choose among them based on their benefits and risks. Using a Discrete Choice Experiment, we elicited patients’ relative preferences for specific benefits and risks of anticoagulant therapy.

Methods and Results—
We selected a sample of US patients with cardiovascular disease from an online panel and elicited their preferences for benefits and risks of anticoagulant therapy: nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, cardiovascular death, minor bleeding, major bleeding, bleeding death, and need for monitoring. These attributes were used to design scenarios describing hypothetical treatments that were labeled as new drug, old drug, or no drug. Latent class analysis was used to identify groups of patients with similar preferences. A total of 341 patients completed all Discrete Choice Experiment questions. On average, patients valued a 1% increased risk of a fatal bleeding event the same as a 2% increase in nonfatal myocardial infarction, a 3% increase in nonfatal stroke, a 3% increase in cardiovascular death, a 6% increase in major bleeding, and a 16% increase in minor bleeding. The odds of choosing no drug or old drug versus new drug were 0.72 (95% confidence interval, 0.61–0.84) and 0.86 (95% confidence interval, 0.81–0.93), respectively. Previous stroke or myocardial infarction was associated with membership in the class with larger negative preferences for these outcomes.

Conclusions—
Patients’ preferences for various outcomes of anticoagulant therapy vary and depend on their previous experiences with myocardial infarction or stroke. Incorporating these preferences into benefit risk calculation and treatment decisions can enhance patient-centered care.
Replication study of previous migraine genome-wide association study findings in a Spanish sample of migraine with aura
Authors: Sintas Cèlia , Fernández-Morales Jèssica , Vila-Pueyo Marta , Narberhaus Bernat , Arenas Concepció , Pozo-Rosich Patricia , Macaya Alfons , Cormand Bru 
Published: November 2014

Background Migraine is a common disabling condition that affects approximately 15% of the population. Several genome-wide association studies have attempted to identify susceptibility variants involved in migraine, reporting several candidate loci for the disorder. Methods In order to replicate findings from previous genome-wide association studies, a case–control association study was performed. Twelve single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped in a Spanish sample of 512 migraine with aura patients and 535 migraine-free controls. Results Nominal associations were found for single nucleotide polymorphisms rs2651899 (within the PRDM16 gene), rs10166942 (near TRPM8), rs12134493 (close to TSPAN2) and rs10504861 (near MMP16) in our migraine with aura sample. Conclusions Our study provides suggestive replication, in a Spanish migraine with aura sample, of four genome-wide association study findings previously reported in common migraine. However, larger sample sets should be explored to confirm our results.
Syntheses and Redox Properties of Complexes with Mo3S4 Cores and Tridentate Schiff Base Ligands
Authors: Kawamoto Keisuke , Ichimura Akio , Hashimoto Hideki , Kinoshita Isamu , Nishioka Takanori 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
A series of potentially tridentate Schiff base ligands, {HOPhC=N-(CH2)3-XMe: X = S (HLSMe), Se (HLSeMe)}, was prepared by condensation reactions of salicylaldehyde and the corresponding functionalized propylamines. These ligands were used to form the monocationic complexes, [Mo3S4(LXMe)3]+ (X = S (1+), Se (2+)), through treatment of [Mo3S4(H2O)9]4+ with the appropriate Schiff base ligand in methanol. Single-crystal X-ray structural analysis of 1-PF6 revealed that one Schiff base ligand coordinates to each Mo via the O, N, and SMe donor atoms, and then the mono cationic cluster [Mo3S4(LSMe)3]+ has a pseudo C3 symmetry if the chirality around the coordinated sulfur atoms is not taken into account. Because of the arrangements of the asymmetric Schiff base ligand, this monocationic cluster possibly adopts one of two axial chiralities. Furthermore, each sulfur atom of the three coordinated SMe groups in the complex cation is also chiral affording the two enantiomers observed in the unit cell. Dynamic behaviors of complexes 1-PF6 and 2-PF6 in solution were examined using line shape analyses of variable temperature NMR spectra revealing that the rate constant of the chiral inversion at the S atoms in 1-PF6 is greater than that at the Se atoms in 2-PF6 and the difference in the ΔH‡ values of 1-PF6 (47.1 kJ mol−1) and 2-PF6 (56.7 kJ mol−1) and the negative ΔS‡ values (−39.9 and −57.5 J mol−1 K−1 for 1-PF6 and 2-PF6, respectively) suggest that the inversion processes involve bond cleavage between the metal centers and S or Se atoms followed by coordination of solvent molecules. The electrochemical properties of 1-PF6 and 2-PF6 were evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and this revealed that both 1+ and 2+ exhibit two consecutive, reversible one-electron reduction waves that are assigned to formal Mo(IV IV IV)/Mo(III IV IV) and Mo(III IV IV)/Mo(III III IV) couples, respectively. The ability of 1-PF6 and 2-PF6 to catalyze the electroreduction of H+ was also examined using CH3CO2H or CF3CO2H as a proton source. Noteworthy, the redox potentials for the catalytic wave depend on the acidity of the added acids. Thus, the catalytic current around the first reduction wave is observed in the presence of the stronger trifluoroacetic acid as a proton source, while the current around the second reduction wave appears when the weaker acetic acid is used.
Enantioselective Helicene Synthesis by Rhodium-Catalyzed [2+2+2] Cycloadditions
Authors: Tanaka Ken , Kimura Yuki , Murayama Koichi 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The highly enantioselective synthesis of functionalized helicenes and helicene-like molecules have been achieved via rhodium-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition reactions. The rhodium-catalyzed enantioselective intramolecular [2+2+2] cycloaddition of 2-naphthol-linked triynes afforded [7]helicene-like molecules in good yields and ee values. The more sterically encumbered reaction, the rhodium-catalyzed enantioselective double intramolecular [2+2+2] cycloaddition of a 2-naphthol-linked hexayne, also proceeded to give a [11]helicene-like molecule with high ee value, although the product yield was low. Not only intramolecular cycloaddition reactions but also intermolecular ones were accomplished by combinations of electron-rich tetraynes and electron-poor diynes to give [7]- and [9]helicene-like molecules and [7]helicenes in varying yields and ee values.
Epictetus on the Epistemology of the Art of Living
Authors: Fisher Jeffrey 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis paper explores what Epictetus thinks we need to learn in order to acquire the art of living, and, in doing so, illuminates the central tenets of Epictetus’ epistemology. It argues that we need to have cognition of preconceptions – innate, self-evident, general, ethical truths – and we need to know how to apply them. We acquire this “know-how” through habituation and, with it, are able to have cognition of correct applications.
Wieviele moralische Wahrheiten gibt es?
Authors: Schroeter François 
Published: November 2014

SummaryAccording to moral objectivists, there is a unique true answer to all moral questions. This article examines some of the most central difficulties affecting the position of moral relativists (the traditional opponents of objectivists) and concludes that the objectivist approach proposes in the end a more charitable interpretation of our moral discourse.
Generating functions and the Myerson vector in communication networks
Authors: Mazalov Vladimir V. , Trukhina Lyudmila I. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractCooperative games on undirected graphs are considered. The characteristic function is defined in a specialway with due account of the number of links and distances between vertices (players).Animputation procedure is put forward for a tree graph, the resulting imputation is shown to agree with theMyerson vector. For its calculation the use of the generating function is proposed. It is shown that the results obtained may be extended to games with arbitrary graphs.
Allocation of Capacitors and Voltage Regulators in Unbalanced Distribution Systems: A Multi-objective Problem in Probabilistic Frameworks
Authors: Carpinelli Guido , Noce Christian , Russo Angela , Varilone Pietro 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Capacitors and series voltage regulators are used extensively in distribution systems to reduce power losses and improve the voltage profile along the feeders. This paper deals with the problem of contemporaneously choosing optimal locations and sizes for both capacitors and series voltage regulators in three-phase, unbalanced distribution systems. This is a mixed, non-linear, constrained, multi-objective optimization problem that usually is solved in deterministic scenarios. However, distribution systems are stochastic in nature, which can lead to inaccurate deterministic solutions. To take into account the unavoidable uncertainties that affect the input data related to the problem, in this paper, we have formulated and solved the multi-objective optimization problem in probabilistic scenarios. To address the multi-objective optimization problem, algorithms were used in which all the objective functions were combined to form a single function. These algorithms allow us to transform the original multi-objective optimization problem into an equivalent, single-objective, optimization problem, an approach that appeared to be particularly suitable since computational time was an important issue. To further reduce the computational efforts, a linearized form of the equality constraints of the optimization model was used, and a micro-genetic algorithm-based procedure was applied in the solution method.
The extracellular matrix modulates the hallmarks of cancer
Authors: Pickup Michael W , Mouw Janna K , Weaver Valerie M 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe extracellular matrix regulates tissue development and homeostasis, and its dysregulation contributes to neoplastic progression. The extracellular matrix serves not only as the scaffold upon which tissues are organized but provides critical biochemical and biomechanical cues that direct cell growth, survival, migration and differentiation and modulate vascular development and immune function. Thus, while genetic modifications in tumor cells undoubtedly initiate and drive malignancy, cancer progresses within a dynamically evolving extracellular matrix that modulates virtually every behavioral facet of the tumor cells and cancer‐associated stromal cells. Hanahan and Weinberg defined the hallmarks of cancer to encompass key biological capabilities that are acquired and essential for the development, growth and dissemination of all human cancers. These capabilities include sustained proliferation, evasion of growth suppression, death resistance, replicative immortality, induced angiogenesis, initiation of invasion, dysregulation of cellular energetics, avoidance of immune destruction and chronic inflammation. Here, we argue that biophysical and biochemical cues from the tumor‐associated extracellular matrix influence each of these cancer hallmarks and are therefore critical for malignancy. We suggest that the success of cancer prevention and therapy programs requires an intimate understanding of the reciprocal feedback between the evolving extracellular matrix, the tumor cells and its cancer‐associated cellular stroma.
Preparation of Positively Charged Membrane from Natural Rubber Latex Blending with Chitosan
Authors: Taweepreda Wirach , Tuaybut Supawadee , Puangmanee Sineenart , Khoa Tran Dang 
Published: November 2014

Film formation of natural rubber latex (NRL) blended with various concentrations of chitosan was investigated. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images clearly showed that the NRL film covered chitosan phase. Roughness of the films which was calculated from AFM image increases with increasing chitosan concentration. Miscibility of NRL and chitosan in solution was investigated by using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and found that chitosan incorporated with NRL less than 40 weight percentage (wt%) was partially miscible. Films of the chitosan blending with higher NRL contents exhibited two peaks of glass transition temperatures. Interfacial polarization and dielectric properties of polymer films were improved with increasing NRL contents. Chemical structure of the blends was characterized by using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
Music: The Aesthetic Elixir
Authors: Summer Lisa 
Published: November 2014

Music therapy is seen as akin to the healthy re-enactment of the parent-child dyad in which the music stimulates “me and not-me” experiences (Winnicott). Sympathetic music structures stimulate the “me” state, whereas the “not-me” state is stimulated through music that is unfamiliar, evocative, and contains significant tension. The GIM process begins with a “me” experience and then moves beyond it, to the “not-me.” Subsequently, the article describes how classical music in GIM creates a transpersonal experience through an altered states of consciousness and the transcendence of time. Through this process the client’s boundaries are loosened, and the client becomes “one” with the music and its healthful structures.
8th World Congress of Music Therapy, 2nd International Congress of the World Federation of Music Therapy, Hamburg, Germany, July 14-20, 1996 - Interview with Prof. Dr. Hans-Helmut Decker-Voigt
Authors: Wheeler Barbara L. 
Published: November 2014

An interview with Prof. Dr. Hans-Helmut Decker-Voigt about his efforts in organising the 8th World Congress of Music Therapy, 2nd International Congress of the World Federation of Music Therapy held in Hamburg, Germany, July 14-20, 1996
The History and Basic Tenets of Anthroposophical Music Therapy
Authors: Intveen Andrea , Edwards Jane 
Published: November 2014

The approach known as Anthroposophical Music Therapy (AnMt) was developed throughout the 20th century. In this paper we provide an historical and descriptive overview of the foundations, techniques and methods of AnMt for readers who are not familiar with this model of music therapy training and practice. We trace AnMt's origins from the systematic application of music in curative education in Germany, Austria and Switzerland through to its use in many countries of the world, with training programmes available in German and English speaking countries currently. We examined literature sources in German and English to glean information about the main foundations of this model. Course materials available from one programme of study were consulted to provide information about how this model is taught. This information was closely reviewed in order to be able to synthesise and present information about a. AnMt's development and current scope of practice, b. the contents of AnMt training, c. the therapeutic process in AnMt, and d. the use of music in AnMt. It is recommended that further efforts be undertaken from the leaders in AnMt, as well as the current professional associations in countries where it is practised, to consider the potential for its inclusion in the list of recognised trainings and models, if such a step would be considered useful for AnMt practitioners.
Personal Reflections on working as a Music Therapist, Music Therapy Groups and Music Making
Authors: White Becky 
Published: November 2014

This paper explores how studying clinical work can be a rich experience and lead to personal and musical development. In this paper I describe completing a master’s project on group work for children who have autism. This paper describes how analysing a group in detail (using music and video coding analysis) and reading literature on music therapy and group work, led to a personal prompting to reflect on my own musical experiences and identity and to develop more as a musician. It explores how the roles of music therapist, student and musician can influence each other an be blurred together, and how I experienced cross-over in my personal and musical life.
Where the Music Takes Me
Authors: Jackert Lisa 
Published: November 2014

The author tells her experience at performing at the memorial services of a man who shot and killed two others before killing himself. She describes how her many years of working as music therapist with psychiatric patients, using clinical improvisation and through her study of the Bonny Method of Guided and Imagery prepared both professionally and personally for this experience. She also reflects on her development and as a singer and explores her identity as a singer and how it is intertwined with her identity as a music therapist. During her performance at the memorial services she has, what she describes, as an intense peak experience and describes it as similar to Helen Bonny's peak experience she had during a violin performance. She further describes her experience as becoming one with the music and recounts how the music served as a therapeutic container for the entire memorial service and how trusting where the music was leading was a powerful and humbling experience.
Lectotypification of <i>Kniphofia pauciflora</i> Baker (Asphodelaceae: Asphodeloideae)
Authors: Baijnath Himansu , Ramdhani Syd 
Published: November 2014

Background: Problems amongst the syntypes and duplicates were noted for the critically endangered Kniphofia pauciflora Baker.Objective: To resolve the typification of K. pauciflora.Method: Literature and specimens (including type material) were examined from relevant herbaria.Results: Lectotypification was necessary in this case. The lectotype designated was Wood 1096 (K) from ‘Natal, Claremont flat’ [KwaZulu-Natal, Clairmont flat]. This was undertaken to specify a single type specimen and to clarify the status of the duplicates. Also included is an account of the last remaining population of K. pauciflora at the Clairwood Racecourse, Durban, South Africa.Conclusion: The lectotype was designated as Wood 1096 (K).