bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐crosslinkable lignin/epoxidized natural rubber composites
Authors: Jiang Can , He Hui , Yao Xiaojie , Yu Peng , Zhou Ling , Jia Demin 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTSelf‐crosslinkable lignin/epoxidized natural rubber composites (SLEs) were prepared through a high‐temperature dynamic heat treatment procedure followed by a postcuring process. Because of the ring‐opening reaction between lignin and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR), lignin as a crosslinker and reinforcing filler was uniformly dispersed into the ENR matrix and was highly compatible with the polymer matrix; this was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The curing behavior, mechanical properties, and dynamic mechanical properties of the SLEs were studied. The results show that the crosslinking degree, glass‐transition temperature, modulus, and tensile properties of the SLEs substantially increased with the addition of lignin. A physical model was used to verify the strong interactions between lignin and ENR. Stress–strain curves and X‐ray diffraction suggested that the reinforcement effect on the SLEs mainly originated from lignin itself rather than from strain‐induced crystallization. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 41166.
A hybrid model based on latest version of NCEP CFS coupled model for Indian monsoon rainfall forecast
Authors: Pattanaik D. R. , Kumar Arun 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe forecast skill of all India summer monsoon rainfall (AISMR) during June to September (JJAS) in the new version of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)'s Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2) is analyzed by considering 28 years (1982–2009) retrospective forecasts. The spatial patterns of JJAS mean rainfall and its interannual variability is more realistic over the Indian monsoon region in CFSv2 as compared to previous version of NCEP's CFS. A hybrid (dynamical–empirical) model based on the forecast variables of CFSv2 is developed for AISMR, which shows correlation that is highly significant with observed AISMR. The hybrid model correctly predicted the observed AISMR departure of 2013.
Application of bioreactor design principles and multivariate analysis for development of cell culture scale down models
Authors: Tescione Lia , Lambropoulos James , Paranandi Madhava Ram , Makagiansar Helena , Ryll Thomas 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTA bench scale cell culture model representative of manufacturing scale (2,000 L) was developed based on oxygen mass transfer principles, for a CHO‐based process producing a recombinant human protein. Cell culture performance differences across scales are characterized most often by sub‐optimal performance in manufacturing scale bioreactors. By contrast in this study, reduced growth rates were observed at bench scale during the initial model development. Bioreactor models based on power per unit volume (P/V), volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa), and oxygen transfer rate (OTR) were evaluated to address this scale performance difference. Lower viable cell densities observed for the P/V model were attributed to higher sparge rates and reduced oxygen mass transfer efficiency (kLa) of the small scale hole spargers. Increasing the sparger kLa by decreasing the pore size resulted in a further decrease in growth at bench scale. Due to sensitivity of the cell line to gas sparge rate and bubble size that was revealed by the P/V and kLa models, an OTR model based on oxygen enrichment and increased P/V was selected that generated endpoint sparge rates representative of 2,000 L scale. This final bench scale model generated similar growth rates as manufacturing. In order to take into account other routinely monitored process parameters besides growth, a multivariate statistical approach was applied to demonstrate validity of the small scale model. After the model was selected based on univariate and multivariate analysis, product quality was generated and verified to fall within the 95% confidence limit of the multivariate model. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 84–97. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C‐THV measures of self‐expandable valve positioning and correlation with implant outcomes
Authors: Codner Pablo , Lavi Ifat , Malki Guy , Vaknin‐Assa Hana , Assali Abid , Kornowski Ran 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundAccurate positioning of the valve device during transcutaneous aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is of crucial importance. The Paieon C‐THV navigation system has been designed to correctly guide device deployment during TAVI.ObjectivesUsing this navigation system we aimed to determine the correlation between the anatomic measures of the native aortic valve and the deployed self‐expandable valve positioning and to explore the impact upon procedural outcomes.MethodsWe analyzed data of 68 patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis undergoing TAVI, using the catheter‐based Medtronic‐CoreValve self‐expandable system. Patients were subdivided into two groups according to whether the C‐THV system was used (50) or not (18) during the implantation process. Analysis of geometrical outcomes vs. clinical outcomes including postprocedural electrical conduction defect and/or para‐valvular leaks was performed.ResultsTaking the target implantation line as a reference; relatively lower vs. higher implantations correlated with a higher frequency of any new onset electrical conduction defect (ECD). The mean corresponding distance from valve inferior edge below the virtual aortic annulus line was 3.0 ± 1.6 mm vs. 1.2 ± 1.3 mm in patients with (38.5%) vs. without any new onset ECD, respectively (P = 0.05). The use of C‐THV navigation seemed to correlate with higher valve implants but it had no impact on the occurrence of postprocedural paravalvular leaks.ConclusionsSelf‐expandable valve implants guided by C‐THV navigation seems to be associated with more precise implants and lower risk for postprocedural electrical conduction defects, due to higher location in relation to the target line. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Asymmetric Intramolecular Hydroamination of Alkenes in Mild and Wet Conditions—Structure and Reactivity of Cationic Binuclear Gold(I) Catalysts
Authors: Abadie Marc‐Antoine , Trivelli Xavier , Medina Florian , Capet Frédéric , Roussel Pascal , Agbossou‐Niedercorn Francine , Michon Christophe 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA selected diphosphine binuclear gold(I) chloride complex was combined with a silver salt to catalyze efficiently, for the first time, the asymmetric intramolecular hydroamination of alkenes with high conversions and enantioselectivities, in mild conditions and in presence of water. Both enantiomers of the products could be obtained by controlling the molecular ion‐pairs through the solvent polarity. The gold(I) cationic active species was characterized unambiguously at the solid state by X‐ray analysis and in solution by DOSY 1H NMR experiments. No contribution of silver chloride was observed on the bonding mode of the catalyst.
Crystallization and Resolution of cis‐Permethric Acid with Carbon Dioxide Antisolvent
Authors: Bánsághi György , Lőrincz László , Szilágyi Imre Miklós , Madarász János , Székely Edit 
Published: July 2014

AbstractCrystallization and resolution of cis‐permethric acid (cPA) with (1R)‐1‐phenylethanamine (PhEA) as a resolving agent was investigated by means of gas antisolvent (GAS) and supercritical antisolvent (SAS) methods. A significant pressure effect on both the yields and diastereomeric excesses of the crystallized cPA‐PhEA salts was observed in a defined pressure range. The pressure effect was found to be related to the structure and dissociation of the salts. Both methods yielded diastereomeric salts with excellent diastereoselectivity, compared to data reported in literature, and a fibrous structure of uniform fiber diameter.
Polyacrylic Acid‐Assisted Crystallization Phenomena of Carbonate Crystals
Authors: Watamura Hiroto , Sonobe Yuko , Hirasawa Izumi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe effects of polyacrylic acid (PAA) on the crystallization of carbonates were investigated, revealing a great influence of PAA on the shape, size and polymorph type of the carbonate crystals. Carbonate crystallization was performed through reaction crystallization in a single‐jet system. The obtained crystals were measured and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. In lithium carbonate, PAA especially influenced the growth phase, inhibited agglomeration and changed the crystal shape into high‐aspect rods. In addition, the degree of the growth inhibition effect was molecular weight dependent and the inhibition effect was also different on each face. In calcium carbonate, an improvement of the monodispersity was observed with miniaturization, under particular conditions. Elongated calcite was found under a slow supersaturation rate. In addition, the molecular weight of PAA affected the polymorph selectivity. Therefore, PAA affected the crystallization phenomena of carbonates, and prospected crystals were obtained by changing the operation conditions.
Ab Initio Electronic Circular Dichroism of Fullerenes, Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes, and Ligand‐Protected Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Noguez Cecilia , Hidalgo Francisco 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTThe versatility and applicability of a time‐perturbed density functional method implemented within the SIESTA program package to calculate electronic circular dichroism of diverse nanoparticles is discussed. Results for nanostructures, such as fullerenes, single‐wall carbon nanotubes, as well as metallic nanoparticles composed of up to hundreds of atoms were examined by comparison with previously reported experimental and theoretical results. In all cases, the calculated electronic circular dichroism shows very good consistency with other calculations, and a remarkable agreement with experiments. It is concluded that such a high‐level method provides theoretical support for the quantification, understanding, and prediction of chirality and its measurement in nanostructures. It is expected that this information would be useful to motivate further experimental studies and interpretation of optical activity in terms of electronic circular dichroism in novel nanostructures. Chirality 26:553–562, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Drastic Stabilization of Parallel DNA Hybridizations by a Polylysine Comb‐Type Copolymer with Hydrophilic Graft Chain
Authors: Miyoshi Daisuke , Ueda Yu‐mi , Shimada Naohiko , Nakano Shu‐ichi , Sugimoto Naoki , Maruyama Atsushi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractElectrostatic interactions play a major role in protein–DNA interactions. As a model system of a cationic protein, herein we focused on a comb‐type copolymer of a polycation backbone and dextran side chains, poly(L‐lysine)‐graft‐dextran (PLL‐g‐Dex), which has been reported to form soluble interpolyelectrolyte complexes with DNA strands. We investigated the effects of PLL‐g‐Dex on the conformation and thermodynamics of DNA oligonucleotides forming various secondary structures. Thermodynamic analysis of the DNA structures showed that the parallel conformations involved in both DNA duplexes and triplexes were significantly and specifically stabilized by PLL‐g‐Dex. On the basis of thermodynamic parameters, it was further possible to design DNA switches that undergo structural transition responding to PLL‐g‐Dex from an antiparallel duplex to a parallel triplex even with mismatches in the third strand hybridization. These results suggest that polycationic molecules are able to induce structural polymorphism of DNA oligonucleotides, because of the conformation‐selective stabilization effects.
The low risk of precancer after a screening result of human papillomavirus‐negative/atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance papanicolaou and implications for clinical management
Authors: Gage Julia C. , Katki Hormuzd A. , Schiffman Mark , Castle Philip E. , Fetterman Barbara , Poitras Nancy E. , Lorey Thomas , Cheung Li C. , Behrens Catherine , Sharma Abha , Zhao Fang‐Hui , Cuzick Jack , Yang Zi Hua , Kinney Walter K. 
Published: July 2014

BACKGROUNDDifferent US practice guidelines have conflicting recommendations for when women should return after a screening result of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐negative with an equivocal Papanicolaou (Pap) result of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC‐US) (ie, return in either 3 or 5 years). One way to determine management is to compare the risk of precancer/cancer after an HPV‐negative/ASC‐US result with the risks after other negative screening results. For example, if the risk after an HPV‐negative/ASC‐US result was similar to the risk after a negative Pap test, a 3‐year return would be preferred because guidelines agree that women with negative Pap test results should return in 3 years. Alternatively, if the risk after an HPV‐negative/ASC‐US result is similar to that after a cotest‐negative result (HPV negative/Pap test negative), a 5‐year return would be preferred because guidelines agree that women testing cotest negative should return in 5 years.METHODSThe authors compared risks of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 3 or higher (CIN3+) and cervical cancer among women aged 30 years to 64 years at Kaiser Permanente Northern California with the following test results from 2003 through 2012: 17,191 women testing HPV negative/ASC‐US; 980,268 women testing Pap test negative (regardless of HPV result); and 892,882 women testing cotest negative.RESULTSThe 5‐year CIN3+ and cancer risks after an HPV‐negative/ASC‐US result were closer to the risks after a negative Pap test result (CIN3+: 0.48% vs 0.31% [P =.0019]; and cancer: 0.043% vs 0.031% [P =.4]) than after a negative cotest (CIN3+: 0.48% vs 0.11% [P<.0001]; and cancer: 0.043% vs 0.014% [P =.016]).CONCLUSIONSWomen testing HPV negative/ASC‐US were found to have precancer/cancer risks that were more closely aligned with women with negative Pap test results, suggesting that women testing HPV negative/ASC‐US should be managed similarly to women testing negative on Pap tests with a 3‐year return for screening.Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol)2014;122:842–850. ©2014 American Cancer Society.
Analysis of centromere signal patterns in breast cancer cells with chromosomal instability using image cytometry combined with centromere fluorescence in situ hybridization
Authors: Ito Hideaki , Oga Atsunori , Ikemoto Kenzo , Furuya Tomoko , Maeda Noriko , Yamamoto Shigeru , Kawauchi Shigeto , Itoh Hiroshi , Oka Masaaki , Sasaki Kohsuke 
Published: July 2014

AbstractFluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with centromeric probes is a method used to detect chromosomal instability (CIN), a hallmark of most cancers. However, no studies thus far have investigated the relationship between centromeric FISH signals and the cell cycle in cancer cells. In this study, the chromosome content in each cell cycle phase was evaluated with respect to the number of centromeric FISH signals in two breast cancer cell lines and eight surgically resected breast cancer specimens using image cytometry. Variations in chromosome number were detected at each phase of the cell cycle but were not associated with proliferative capacity in the cell lines. Furthermore, the chromosome doubling frequency differed in each cell line and clinical specimen. These results reveal two aspects of centromeric FISH signal variation in breast cancers that exhibit CIN, and suggest that chromosome doubling is a remarkable occurrence that may increase the heterogeneity of tumors. © 2014 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Polarization imaging and classification of Jurkat T and Ramos B cells using a flow cytometer
Authors: Feng Yuanming , Zhang Ning , Jacobs Kenneth M. , Jiang Wenhuan , Yang Li V. , Li Zhigang , Zhang Jun , Lu Jun Q. , Hu Xin‐Hua 
Published: July 2014

AbstractLabel‐free and rapid classification of cells can have awide range of applications in biology. We report a robust method of polarization diffraction imaging flow cytometry (p‐DIFC) for achieving this goal. Coherently scattered light signals are acquired from single cells excited by a polarized laser beam in the form of two cross‐polarized diffraction images. Image texture and intensity parameters are extracted with a gray level co‐occurrence matrix (GLCM) algorithm to obtain an optimized set of feature parameters as the morphological “fingerprints” for automated cell classification. We selected the Jurkat T cells and Ramos B cells to test the p‐DIFC method's capacity for cell classification. After detailed statistical analysis, we found that the optimized feature vectors yield accuracies of classification between the Jurkat and Ramos ranging from 97.8% to 100% among different cell data sets. Confocal imaging and three‐dimensional reconstruction were applied to gain insights on the ability of p‐DIFC method for classifying the two cell lines of highly similar morphology. Based on these results we conclude that the p‐DIFC method has the capacity to discriminate cells of high similarity in their morphology with “fingerprints” features extracted from the diffraction images, which may be attributed to subtle but statistically significant differences in the nucleus‐to‐cell volume ratio in the case of Jurkat and Ramos cells. © 2014 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Impulsive noise estimation and suppression in OFDM systems over in‐home power line channels
Authors: Ahadiat Mohammad Reza , Azmi Paeiz , Haghbin Afrooz 
Published: July 2014

SummaryThis paper proposes a new adaptive iterative method to impulsive noise mitigation in OFDM systems over in‐home power line channels. The performance of impulsive noise mitigation methods based on OFDM decreases when the impulsive noise energy is higher than a certain threshold. To compensate for the limitations of these systems and to be able to adopt it for all sub‐carriers, here, the 64‐QAM constellation is applied together with Alamouti space time coding to transmit, MIMO In‐home power line channel and zero‐forcing estimate (ZFE) with continuous loop impulsive noise detection and mitigation together with maximum‐likelihood detection (MLD) are adopted to receive. At the receiver, after ZFE, impulsive noise detection algorithm based on adaptive threshold for estimating the impulsive noise, determines the locations and amplitudes of the impulsive noises. The effect of impulsive noise on the noise symbols using the mask based on the soft decision method is reduced. Later, using MLD, the original signal is estimated. The algorithm is simulated and analyzed, and its performance is compared to other methods. The results show the superiority and robustness of the proposed method. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coherence Analysis of EEG Under Emotional Stimuli Related to Mental States
Authors: Asakawa Tetsuya , Hayashi Takuto , Mizuno‐Matsumoto Yuko 
Published: July 2014

SUMMARYThe objective of this research is to abstract the differences of the brain functional reaction in mental states by using coherence analysis in electroencephalography (EEG). Twenty‐two healthy subjects were assessed for their psychosomatic states using the Cornell Medical Index (CMI) and were divided into two groups: normal (I) and preneurotic (II‐IV). The EEG was measured during emotional tasks (relaxed, pleasant, and unpleasant sessions) using audio‐visual stimuli and was analyzed using coherence analysis. The coherence values of the preneurotic group in the θ band in 120 s to 150 s of the pleasant and unpleasant sessions and in the β band in the relaxed session were significantly larger than the values of the normal group. The coherence values of the normal and preneurotic groups in the α2 band in 30 s to 60 s and 90 s to 120 s in the unpleasant sessions were significantly larger than the values in the relaxed session. The increase in θ activity suggests that an intuitive and irrational response to the emotional situation would appear, and the β activity indicates that attention would be paid more to external than to internal situations in the preneurotic group. The alpha activity shows that the mentally internal response to the unpleasant situation would be prompt in the normal group, while in contrast the response would be delayed in the preneurotic group. These results suggest that the information processing of emotional stimuli in the brain differ depending on the mental state.
Nebulization of liposome–polyethylenimine complexes (lipopolyplexes) for DNA or siRNA delivery: Physicochemical properties and biological activity
Authors: Ewe Alexander , Aigner Achim 
Published: July 2014

The delivery of nucleic acids into the lung is still one major bottleneck and relies on the development of efficient non‐viral carriers that can be nebulized for their direct administration. Liposomal formulations, including those comprising different phospholipids, have been intensively studied. Likewise, polyethylenimines (PEI) have been widely explored due to their ability to protect nucleic acids from degradation and mediate cellular uptake and endosomal/lysosomal release. The combination of PEIs and liposomes is a particularly intriguing concept, leading to enhanced transfection efficiencies, lower cytotoxicities, and protection from aggregation. We have previously established lipopolyplexes, comprising PEI F25‐LMW and the neutral phospholipid DPPC with various colipids. However, nebulization shear forces may be problematic for lipid formulations and require the testing of lipopolyplexes. In this paper, we demonstrate that DNA‐ or siRNA‐containing PEI‐based lipopolyplexes are indeed stable toward nebulization and retain their physicochemical integrity and biological activity. DNA transfection efficacies, but not siRNA knockdown, of certain lipopolyplexes are even enhanced upon nebulization, and nebulized lipopolyplexes also allow storage. This is due to the preservation of lipopolyplex size and zeta potential upon nebulization. More detailed analyses also reveal a dependence on the lipid, the medium used for preparation, the PEI and the nucleic acid.Practical applications: Our data provide a basis for the tailor‐made preparation of lipopolyplexes for nebulization, by analyzing different PEIs, different lipids, different media for lipopolyplex preparation, different nucleic acids, and directly comparing nebulized versus non‐nebulized lipopolyplexes, with or without storage, with regard to biological and physiochemical properties.Polyethylenimine (PEI)‐based nanoscale complexes protect nucleic acids from degradation and mediate cellular delivery. Their combination with liposomes to lipopolyplexes is a particularly intriguing concept, leading to enhanced transfection efficiencies, lower cytotoxicities and protection from complex aggregation. We show that lipopolyplexes are stable towards nebulization and provide a basis for tailor‐made lipopolyplexes for nebulization, by analyzing different PEIs, lipids, media and nucleic acids for lipopolyplex preparation.