bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deciphering the dynamics of risk perception: Emotional and cognitive responses to new energy vehicle crises on social media
Authors: Xu Jia , Zhou Yuze , Lu Liangdong , Yang Shu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study examines the impact of various stakeholders on the social amplification of risk perceptions regarding new energy vehicle technologies, focusing on Tesla‐related discussions on Weibo. By applying natural language processing and machine learning to extract topics and conducting econometric analysis, we explored the emotional and cognitive dimensions of public discourse. Granger causality and impulse response analyses revealed that commercial media and celebrities initially intensified public negative emotions, while government communications mitigated them. Conversely, information from peer firms and the government positively influenced public risk perceptions on the cognitive dimension. Variance decomposition highlighted the rapid spread of emotionally driven content versus the deeper engagement elicited by cognitively driven content. These findings suggest that crisis communication strategies should consider the distinct dynamics of emotional and cognitive transmission on social media, providing valuable insights for managing public risk perceptions in crises.
National rollout of a medication safety dashboard to improve testing for latent infections among biologic and targeted synthetic disease‐modifying agent users within the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Schmajuk Gabriela , Ware Anna , Li Jing , Tarasovsky Gary , Shiboski Stephen , Barton Jennifer L. , Miller Karla L. , Mitchell Holly A. , Dana Jo , Reiter Kimberly , Wahl Elizabeth , Rozenberg‐Ben‐Dror Karine , Hauser Ronald G. , Whooley Mary A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo develop, deploy, and evaluate a national, electronic health record (EHR)‐based dashboard to support safe prescribing of biologic and targeted synthetic disease‐modifying agents (b/tsDMARDs) in the United States Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (VA).Data Sources and Study SettingWe extracted and displayed hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and tuberculosis (TB) screening data from the EHR for users of b/tsDMARDs using PowerBI (Microsoft) and deployed the dashboard to VA facilities across the United States in 2022; we observed facilities for 44 weeks post‐deployment.Study DesignWe examined the association between dashboard engagement by healthcare personnel and the percentage of patients with all screenings complete (HBV, HCV, and TB) at the facility level using an interrupted time series. Based on frequency of sessions, facilities were grouped into high‐ and low/none‐engagement categories. We modeled changes in complete screening pre‐ and post‐deployment of the dashboard.Data Collection MethodsAll VA facilities were eligible for inclusion; excluded facilities participated in design of the dashboard or had <20 patients receiving b/tsDMARDs. Session counts from facility personnel were captured using PowerBI audit log data. Outcomes were assessed weekly based on EHR data extracted via the dashboard itself.Principal FindingsTotally 117 facilities (serving a total of 41,224 Veterans prescribed b/tsDMARDs) were included. Before dashboard deployment, across all facilities, 61.5% of patients had all screenings complete, which improved to 66.3% over the course of the study period. The largest improvement (15 percentage points, 60.3%–75.3%) occurred among facilities with high engagement (post‐intervention difference in outcome between high and low/none‐engagement groups was 0.17 percentage points (pp) per week, 95% confidence interval (0.04 pp, 0.30 pp); p = 0.01).ConclusionsWe observed significant improvements in screening for latent infections among facilities with high engagement with the dashboard, compared with those with fewer sessions.
Association of radiation‐induced epilation and interventional neuroradiology procedures
Authors: Carrick Deborah , do Nascimento Vinicius Carraro , de Villiers Laetitia , Rice Henry 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study is to quantify the association of temporary epilation following interventional neuroradiology (INR) procedures and compare the peak skin dose (Dskin,max) threshold to published values.MethodsGold Coast University Hospital (GCUH) is a major centre for INR with over 500 primarily interventional procedures performed every year. Dskin,max is calculated when the reference air kerma (Ka,r) exceeds 3 Gy. If the Dskin,max exceeds 3 Gy, the patient is followed up for any skin effects. An audit was undertaken of these results over a 2‐year period.ResultsFrom January 2020 to December 2021, 140 patients who underwent INR procedures had a Ka,r > 3 Gy, 66 resulted in a calculated Dskin,max >3 Gy, and 45 were successfully followed up. Twenty patients (44%) reported no skin effects and 25 (56%) reported skin effects, which were almost exclusively epilation. The mean (range) Dskin,max for patients with no reported skin effects and those with observed skin effects was 4.6 Gy (3.0–11.1 Gy) and 4.2 Gy (3.0–7.0 Gy), respectively.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that temporary epilation was observed in 56% of patients, in a cohort of 45 patients who underwent an INR procedure with calculated Dskin,max >3 Gy and successful follow‐up. The results support evidence in the literature that suggests the approximate threshold for temporary epilation reported by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) may be too high for incidence of this effect, specifically on the scalp, when Dskin,max is calculated from Ka,r (using commonly used corrections and assumptions in the calculation).
Rebooting the Community Reinvestment Act
Authors: Jones Lindsay Sain , Maynard Goldburn 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) was passed in 1977 as a response to redlining, the systemic discrimination against loan applicants who resided in predominantly Black neighborhoods. In enacting the CRA, Congress found that banks have a “continuing and affirmative obligation” to help meet the credit needs of the communities in which they are chartered. To that end, the CRA requires bank regulators to rate the record of each bank in fulfilling these obligations. While much has changed since 1977, some things have not. Financial services are now provided by a much broader set of entities including financial technology (fintech) firms, yet the CRA's mandates still just apply to banks. In addition, while the demographic compositions of neighborhoods have changed since 1977, Black applicants are still 2.5 times more likely than White applicants to be rejected for a home loan. On October 24, 2023, the banking agencies jointly issued final rules to “strengthen and modernize” the agencies' CRA regulations. While the updated rules do inject more objectivity in order to address persistent concerns about CRA ratings inflation, we contend that further amendments are needed to account for what has changed and what has not changed since its original enactment. In this article, we argue that the CRA continues to be a worthwhile endeavor, as it addresses gaps left by fair lending laws. To further its impact and address its many shortcomings though, we contend the CRA should be amended to also apply to nonbanks that provide financial services, to counter discrimination more directly, and to calculate CRA ratings more objectively.
Interventions to improve equity in emergency departments for Indigenous people: A scoping review
Authors: MacLean Davis , Curtin Kimberley D. , Barnabe Cheryl , Bill Lea , Healy Bonnie , Holroyd Brian R. , Khangura Jaspreet K. , McLane Patrick 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundDisparities in health outcomes, including increased chronic disease prevalence and decreased life expectancy for Indigenous people, have been shown across settings affected by white settler colonialism including Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand. Emergency departments (EDs) represent a unique setting in which urgent patient need and provider strain interact to amplify inequities within society. The aim of this scoping review was to map the ED‐based interventions aimed at improving equity in care for Indigenous patients in EDs.MethodsThis scoping review was conducted using the procedures outlined by Arksey and O'Malley and guidance on conducting scoping reviews from the Joanna Briggs Institute. A systematic search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, and EMBASE was conducted.ResultsA total of 3636 articles were screened by title and abstract, of which 32 were screened in full‐text review and nine articles describing seven interventions were included in this review. Three intervention approaches were identified: the introduction of novel clinical roles, implementation of chronic disease screening programs in EDs, and systems/organizational‐level interventions.ConclusionsRelatively few interventions for improving equity in care were identified. We found that a minority of interventions are aimed at creating organizational‐level change and suggest that future interventions could benefit from targeting system‐level changes as opposed to or in addition to incorporating new roles in EDs.
Spatiotemporal regulation of dental pulpal innervation in the rat
Authors: Yang Dong‐Wook , Shim Hye‐Min , Kim Min‐Seok , Kim Sun‐Hun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe dental pulp is a highly innervated tissue transmitting pain‐related sensations in the tooth. Consequently, understanding the intricacies of its innervation mechanism in odontogenesis is crucial for gaining insights into dental pain and developing dental pain‐modulating agents. This study examined neuroregulatory molecules such as neurotrophic factors (nerve growth factor [NGF], brain‐derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF], neurotrophin‐4 [NTF‐4], and neurturin [NRTN]) and neuroinhibitory factors (slit2, ephrin isoforms and netrin‐1) in developing rat teeth with follicles. NGF, BDNF and NRTN transcriptions showed time‐dependent upregulation, particularly during the root formation stage. In contrast, NTF‐4 mRNA was highly expressed at the cap stage, but became downregulated over time. Slit2 and ephrin‐B2 expression was distinct at the cap stage and then downregulated in a time‐dependent manner. Ephrin‐A5 and netrin‐1 expression did not significantly change. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed a robust expression of both ephrin‐B2 and slit2 in the outer and inner dental epithelia of the enamel organ, a non‐neurogenic tissue, during the cap stage of 3rd molar germs. In contrast, BDNF was predominantly localized in dental papilla cells and odontoblasts during the root formation stage. These results suggest that neuroregulatory molecules, such as BDNF, slit2 and ephrin‐B2, may be important in identifying therapeutic targets for modulating dental pulp pain.
P7C3 suppresses astrocytic senescence to protect dopaminergic neurons: Implication in the mouse model of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Chen Yajing , Zhu Zengyan , Yan Yinghui , Sun Hongyang , Wang Guanghui , Du Xiaohuan , Li Fang , Yuan Shuwei , Wang Wenjing , Wang Mei , Gu Chao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsAstrocytic senescence is inextricably linked to aging and neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). P7C3 is a small, neuroprotective aminopropyl carbazole compound that exhibits anti‐inflammatory properties. However, the effects of P7C3 on astrocytic senescence in PD remain to be elucidated.MethodsAn in vitro, long culture‐induced, replicative senescence cell model and a 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium (MPP+)/rotenone‐induced premature senescence cell model were used to investigate the effects of P7C3 on astrocytic senescence. An in vivo, 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)‐induced mouse PD model was used to study the role of P7C3 in astrocytic senescence. Immunoblotting, real‐time quantitative RT‐PCR (qPCR), immunofluorescence, subcellular fractionation assays, and immunohistochemistry were utilized to confirm the effects of P7C3 on astrocytic senescence and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.ResultsThis study determined that P7C3 suppressed the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in both cell models, as demonstrated by the reduction in the critical senescence marker p16 and proinflammatory factors (IL‐6, IL‐1β, CXCL10, and MMP9) and increased laminB1 levels, implying that P7C3 inhibited replicative astrocytic senescence and MPP+/rotenone‐induced premature astrocytic senescence, Most importantly, we demonstrated that P7C3 prevented the death of dopamine (DA) neurons and reduced the behavioral deficits in the MPTP‐induced mouse model of PD, which is accompanied by a decrease in senescent astrocytes in the substantia nigra compacta (SNc). Mechanistically, P7C3 promoted Nrf2/Sirt3‐mediated mitophagy and reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitoROS) generation, which contributed to the suppression of astrocytic senescence. Furthermore, Sirt3 deficiency obviously abolished the inhibitory effects of P7C3 on astrocytic senescence.ConclusionThis study revealed that P7C3 inhibited astrocytic senescence via increased Nrf2/Sirt3‐mediated mitophagy and suppression of mitoROS, which further protected against DA neuronal loss. These observations provide a prospective theoretical basis for P7C3 in the treatment of age‐associated neurodegenerative diseases, such as PD.
Exploring brain asymmetry in early‐stage Parkinson's disease through functional and structural MRI
Authors: Liu Yujing , Yuan Jiaying , Tan Changlian , Wang Min , Zhou Fan , Song Chendie , Tang Yuqing , Li Xv , Liu Qinru , Shen Qin , Congli Huang , Liu Jun , Cai Sainan , Liao Haiyan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study explores the correlation between asymmetrical brain functional activity, gray matter asymmetry, and the severity of early‐stage Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodsNinety‐three early‐stage PD patients (ePD, H‐Y stages 1–2.5) were recruited, divided into 47 mild (ePD‐mild, H‐Y stages 1–1.5) and 46 moderate (ePD‐moderate, H‐Y stages 2–2.5) cases, alongside 43 matched healthy controls (HCs). The study employed the Hoehn and Yahr (H‐Y) staging system for disease severity assessment and utilized voxel‐mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) for analyzing brain functional activity asymmetry. Asymmetry voxel‐based morphometry analysis (VBM) was applied to evaluate gray matter asymmetry.ResultsThe study found that, relative to HCs, both PD subgroups demonstrated reduced VMHC values in regions including the amygdala, putamen, inferior and middle temporal gyrus, and cerebellum Crus I. The ePD‐moderate group also showed decreased VMHC in additional regions such as the postcentral gyrus, lingual gyrus, and superior frontal gyrus, with notably lower VMHC in the superior frontal gyrus compared to the ePD‐mild group. A negative correlation was observed between the mean VMHC values in the superior frontal gyrus and H‐Y stages, UPDRS, and UPDRS‐III scores. No significant asymmetry in gray matter was detected.ConclusionsAsymmetrical brain functional activity is a significant characteristic of PD, which exacerbates as the disease severity increases, resembling the dissemination of Lewy bodies across the PD neurological framework. VMHC emerges as a potent tool for characterizing disease severity in early‐stage PD.
Computational approaches improve evidence synthesis and inform broad fisheries trends
Authors: Stokes Gretchen L. , Lynch Abigail J. , Flores John V. , Wong Jesse P. , Morang Connor A. , Romulo Chelsie , Funge‐Smith Simon , Valbo‐Jørgensen John , Smidt Samuel J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAddressing ecological impacts with effective conservation actions requires information on the links between human pressures and localized responses. Understanding links is a priority for many conservation contexts, including the world's fresh waters, which face intensifying threats to disproportionately high species diversity, including more than half of the world's fish species. Literature synthesis can uncover links and highlight potential research gaps, yet can be very cumbersome and time consuming. Emerging tools like text mining can improve efficiency in extracting relevant information from vast scientific outputs. This study synthesizes evidence of direct anthropogenic threats to major inland fisheries and examines driver‐impact‐response patterns using coupled automated and manual text classification methods. We screened 9336 abstracts from 45 river basins of high importance to inland fish production; 1152 abstracts contained evidence of direct threats to fish. The most common documented drivers were pollution, dams, and fishing pressure, which were most strongly linked to decreased fitness, altered reproduction, and mortality, respectively. Strong impact‐response links to pollution signal potential bias toward documenting acute threats that generate more visible and immediate impacts. The use of machine learning‐based text classification performed best in classifying extraneous information. Results can inform the development of inland fisheries indicators and threat‐based metrics, highlight possible evidence gaps in linking global drivers to fishery‐level responses, and illustrate the application of a coupled synthesis approach for improved efficiency and extraction of information relevant to conservation outcomes. The associated user and interpretation guides address accessibility and technical barriers faced by conservation scientists to improve efficiency in evidence synthesis.
Food insecurity and adolescent impulsivity: The mediating role of functional connectivity in the context of family flexibility
Authors: Reck Ava , Sweet Lawrence H. , Geier Charles , Kogan Steven M. , Cui Zehua , Oshri Assaf 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAdolescent food insecurity is a salient adversity hypothesized to affect neural systems associated with increased impulsive behavior. Family environments shape how adverse experiences influence development. In this study, hypotheses were tested regarding the conjoint effects of food insecurity and family flexibility on impulsivity via alterations in connectivity between regions within the salience and central executive networks. Such alterations are reflected in resting‐state functional connectivity (rsFC) metrics between the anterior insula (AI) and the middle frontal gyrus (MFG). Hypotheses were tested in a longitudinal moderated mediation model with two waves of data from 142 adolescents (Time 1 [T1] Mage = 12.89, SD = 0.85; Time 2 [T2] Mage = 15.01, SD = 1.07). Data on past‐year household food insecurity, family flexibility, and rsFC were obtained at T1. Impulsivity was self‐reported by the adolescent at T1 and T2. Findings revealed that high T1 left‐to‐left rsFC between the AI and MFG was associated with increased impulsivity at T2. The interaction of family flexibility and food insecurity was associated with AI and MFG rsFC. In the context of low family flexibility, food insecurity was linked to high levels of AI and MFG rsFC. Conversely, in the context of optimal family flexibility, food insecurity was associated with low levels of AI and MFG rsFC. Conditional indirect analysis suggests that the links among food insecurity, rsFC, and impulsive behavior depend on family flexibility.Research Highlights
Adolescent food insecurity was associated with anterior insula and middle frontal gyrus connectivity only at certain levels of family flexibility.
High family flexibility attenuated the link between food insecurity and neural connectivity, while low levels of family flexibility increased this risk.
High left anterior insula and left middle frontal gyrus connectivity was associated with increased impulsivity 1 year later.
Long‐term efficacy and safety of enavogliflozin in Korean people with type 2 diabetes: A 52‐week extension of a Phase 3 randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kwak Soo Heon , Han Kyung Ah , Kim Eun Sook , Choi Sung Hee , Won Jong Chul , Yu Jae Myung , Oh Seungjoon , Yoo Hye Jin , Kim Chong Hwa , Kim Kyung‐Soo , Chun SungWan , Kim Yong Hyun , Cho Seung Ah , Kim Da Hye , Park Kyong Soo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the long‐term safety and efficacy of enavogliflozin monotherapy (0.3 mg/day) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Materials and MethodsFollowing a 24‐week randomized, double‐blind treatment period with enavogliflozin 0.3 mg/day (n = 77) or placebo (n = 69), consenting participants received enavogliflozin 0.3 mg/day for an additional 28 weeks during an open‐label extension (OLE) period. The safety and efficacy of enavogliflozin were assessed at Week 52.ResultsA total of 37 participants continued enavogliflozin (maintenance group), and 26 participants switched from placebo to enavogliflozin (switch group). No additional adverse drug reactions related to enavogliflozin were observed during the OLE period. At Week 52, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose were significantly lower than at the baseline, by 0.9% and 24.9 mg/dL, respectively, in the maintenance group (p < 0.0001 for both), and by 0.7% and 18.0 mg/dL, respectively, in the switch group (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.002). The proportions of participants reaching HbA1c 7.0% (53 mmol/mol) at Week 52 were 69.4% in the maintenance group and 65.4% in the switch group. A significant increase in urine glucose‐to‐creatinine ratio was observed at Week 52, by 84.9 g/g and 67.1 g/g in the maintenance and switch groups, respectively (p < 0.0001 for both). Body weight in both groups decreased significantly (p < 0.0001) from baseline to Week 52, by 3.5 kg and 3.8 kg in the maintenance and switch groups, respectively.ConclusionsEnavogliflozin 0.3 mg monotherapy provides long‐term glycaemic control in T2DM and is safe and well tolerated during a 52‐week treatment period.
Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in liver transplant recipients
Authors: Zheng Katina , Azhie Amirhossein , You Xiaoting , Naghibzadeh Maryam , Tan Eunice , Naimimohasses Sara , Sridhar Vikas S. , Gupta Sarang , Chen Shiyi , Dash Satya , Tsien Cynthia , Selzner Nazia , Lilly Leslie , Jaeckel Elmar , Woo Minna , Singh Sunita , Cherney David , Bhat Mamatha 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the efficacy and safety of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) and sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in liver transplant (LT) recipients with diabetes.MethodsA single‐centre, retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from an LT recipient database (1990–2023) was conducted. We included adults with pre‐existing diabetes and post‐transplant diabetes, newly started on GLP‐1RAs and/or SGLT2 inhibitors after LT. Metabolic and biochemical parameters and outcomes were collected for up to 12 months after starting medications and were compared to those in patients receiving dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitors. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and linear mixed models.ResultsWe included participants on GLP‐1RAs (n = 46), SGLT2 inhibitors (n = 87), combination therapy (n = 12), and a DPP‐4 inhibitor comparator (n = 217). Both GLP‐1RAs and combination therapy decreased mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, and combination therapy remained significant when adjusted for DPP‐4 inhibitor treatment (−3.5%, 95% CI [−6.1, −0.95]; p = 0.0089) at 12 months. All three groups had significant decreases in mean weight and body mass index, but these remained significant in the GLP‐1RA (−5.2 kg, 95% CI [−8.7, −1.7], p = 0.0039 and 1.99 kg/m2, 95% CI [−3.4, −0.6], p = 0.0048) and combination therapy groups (−5.4 kg, 95% CI [−10.5, −0.36], p = 0.04 and −3.4 kg/m2, 95% CI [−5.5, −1.3], p = 0.0015) when adjusted for DPP‐4 inhibitor treatment at 12 months. Alanine aminotransferase levels decreased with GLP‐1RA and combination therapy. There were two (1.4%) cases of graft rejection.ConclusionWe found that GLP‐1RAs, SGLT2 inhibitors, and their combination, led to significant weight loss in LT recipients with diabetes. Combination therapy, in particular, lowered HbA1c and alanine aminotransferase levels compared to DPP‐4 inhibitors. Further studies are needed to assess long‐term safety and efficacy.