bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The cytoplasmic phosphate level has a central regulatory role in the phosphate starvation response of Caulobacter crescentus
Authors: Billini Maria , Hoffmann Tamara , Kühn Juliane , Bremer Erhard , Thanbichler Martin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn bacteria, the availability of environmental inorganic phosphate is typically sensed by the conserved PhoR-PhoB two-component signal transduction pathway, which uses the flux through the PstSCAB phosphate transporter as a readout of the extracellular phosphate level to control phosphate-responsive genes. While the sensing of environmental phosphate is well-investigated, the regulatory effects of cytoplasmic phosphate are unclear. Here, we disentangle the physiological and transcriptional responses of Caulobacter crescentus to changes in the environmental and cytoplasmic phosphate levels by uncoupling phosphate uptake from the activity of the PstSCAB system, using an additional, heterologously produced phosphate transporter. This approach reveals a two-pronged response of C. crescentus to phosphate limitation, in which PhoR-PhoB signaling mostly facilitates the utilization of alternative phosphate sources, whereas the cytoplasmic phosphate level controls the morphological and physiological adaptation of cells to growth under global phosphate limitation. These findings open the door to a comprehensive understanding of phosphate signaling in bacteria.
Storing CO2 while strengthening concrete by carbonating its cement in suspension
Authors: Fu Xiaoxu , Guerini Alexandre , Zampini Davide , Rotta Loria Alessandro F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCement is a key constituent of concrete and offers a large sequestration potential of carbon dioxide (CO2). However, current concrete carbonation approaches are hindered by low CO2 capture efficiency and high energy consumption, often resulting in weakened concrete. Here, we conceptually develop and experimentally explore a carbonation approach that resorts to injecting CO2 into a cement suspension subsequently used to manufacture concrete, turning the carbonation reaction into an aqueous ionic reaction with a very fast kinetics compared to traditional diffusion-controlled approaches. This approach achieves a CO2 sequestration efficiency of up to 45% and maintains an uncompromised concrete strength. The study shows that the CO2 injection rate influences the polymorph selectivity of mineralized calcium carbonate (CaCO3) depending on the local environmental conditions and impacts the strength of concrete. The technological simplicity of the proposed approach enables a reduced carbon footprint and promising prospects for industrial implementation.
A robust optimization method for power systems with decision‐dependent uncertainty
Authors: Tan Tao , Xie Rui , Xu Xiaoyuan , Chen Yue 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRobust optimization is an essential tool for addressing the uncertainties in power systems. Most existing algorithms, such as Benders decomposition and column‐and‐constraint generation (C&CG), focus on robust optimization with decision‐independent uncertainty (DIU). However, increasingly common decision‐dependent uncertainties (DDUs) in power systems are frequently overlooked. When DDUs are considered, traditional algorithms for robust optimization with DIUs become inapplicable. This is because the previously selected worst‐case scenarios may fall outside the uncertainty set when the first‐stage decision changes, causing traditional algorithms to fail to converge. This study provides a general solution algorithm for robust optimization with DDU, which is called dual C&CG. Its convergence and optimality are proven theoretically. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the dual C&CG algorithm, we used the do‐not‐exceed limit (DNEL) problem as an example. The results show that the proposed algorithm can not only solve the simple DNEL model studied in the literature but also provide a more practical DNEL model considering the correlations among renewable generators.
Prevalence and Interventions for Behavioral Pathology in Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Rai Bhavika , Singh Vijender , Sutar Roshan , Agrawal Amit 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) represents a significant life event for an individual, encompassing physiological, psychological, and social changes. The potentially traumatic or distressing nature of acquiring an SCI and the associated life changes that ensue following an injury can increase the risk of mental health concerns. This review aimed at identifying prevalence of behavioral pathologies and interventions following SCI across the world. To identify the articles of interest for this review, the search was narrowed by using the combination of search terms as follows: “Spinal Cord Injury”, “Depression,” “Anxiety,” “Psychological Impact,” “Quality of life,” and “Sexual dysfunction.” Prevalence of depression and anxiety was noted to be in the range of 7 to 47.7%. SCI patients were also commonly seen to be associated with sexual dysfunction. The pharmacological interventions included drugs such as phosphodiesterase inhibitors like sildenafil and tadalafil, whereas certain studies also mentioned a few devices like the penile vibratory stimulation and electroejaculation and vacuum erection devices. Apart from empowering and educating healthcare providers, neuromodulation has been shown to be an efficient treatment. Patients with SCIs have a suicide rate that is two to six times greater than that of general population. Effects of mindfulness on functional limitation and quality of life were promising. Guided Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy showed improvement in depression and anxiety symptoms with appreciable adherence to therapy programs. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy showed improvement in depressed SCI patients.
TechCare: Transformative Innovations in Addressing the Psychosocial Challenges of Cancer Care in Kerala, India
Authors: Raqib Mohammed , George Prema Naittee 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs the global burden of cancer continues to escalate, the holistic care of patients demands innovative approaches that extend beyond medical interventions. This article delves into the transformative landscape of cancer care in Kerala, India, focusing on the intersection of technology and psycho-oncology. Examining the role of the state government, Kerala Startup Mission (KSUM), and individual startups and institutions, including Malabar Cancer Institute and Cochin Cancer Research Centre, we explore how technological innovations, telemedicine, and e-health solutions are actively shaping psycho-oncological support. Leveraging on case studies, we identify notable innovations, including artificial intelligence-based cancer screening, personalized treatment plans, and mental health support. The results signify a paradigm shift toward comprehensive, patient-centric cancer care, potentially influencing broader health care strategies. Despite acknowledging regional specificity and potential biases, the study underscores the transformative role of technological entrepreneurship in revolutionizing cancer care, paving avenues for future research for integrating psycho-oncological support in health care policies and startup initiatives. Overall, the article highlights the evolving landscape in Kerala as a beacon for holistic and patient-centric strategies that prioritize mental health alongside medical interventions.
The mass public’s science literacy and co-production during the COVID-19 pandemic: empirical evidence from 140 cities in China
Authors: Qin Haibo , Xie Zhongxuan , Shang Huping , Sun Yong , Yang Xiaohui , Li Mengming 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHow to prevent and resolve COVID-19 pandemic and similar public health crisis is a significant research topic. Although research on science literacy has been involved in dealing with public health crisis, there is a lack of empirical tests between the mass public’s science literacy and co-production during COVID-19 pandemic. With the empirical evidence from 140 cities in China, the study finds that the public’s science literacy significantly promotes co-production in the battle against pandemic. Specifically, for every 1% increase in the mass public’s science literacy in the city, co-production increased by 14.2%. Meanwhile, regional education level and local government capacity can expand the positive role of the public’s science literacy on co-production to fight against COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the performance of the public’s science literacy on co-production against pandemic shows heterogeneity at different stages of pandemic prevention, in different regions, and in cities of different scales. This study complemented the gaps in existing research on science literacy and co-production and empirically verified the potential positive role of the public’s science literacy in pandemic prevention and control. Furthermore, it provided new ideas for improving the effectiveness of public co-production in public health crisis governance.
Development and optimization of large-scale integration of 2D material in memristors
Authors: Ligaud Clotilde , Le Van-Jodin Lucie , Reig Bruno , Trousset Pierre , Brunet Paul , Bertucchi Michaël , Hellion Clémence , Gauthier Nicolas , Van-Hoan Le , Okuno Hanako , Dosenovic Djordje , Cadot Stéphane , Gassilloud Remy , Jamet Matthieu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials like transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) have proved to be serious candidates to replace silicon in several technologies with enhanced performances. In this respect, the two remaining challenges are the wafer scale growth of TMDs and their integration into operational devices using clean room compatible processes. In this work, two different CMOS-compatible protocols are developed for the fabrication of MoS2-based memristors, and the resulting performances are compared. The quality of MoS2 at each stage of the process is characterized by Raman spectroscopy and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. In the first protocol, the structure of MoS2 is preserved during transfer and patterning processes. However, a polymer layer with a minimum thickness of 3 nm remains at the surface of MoS2 limiting the electrical switching performances. In the second protocol, the contamination layer is completely removed resulting in improved electrical switching performances and reproducibility. Based on physico-chemical and electrical results, the switching mechanism is discussed in terms of conduction through grain boundaries.
Graphene-nuclear nexus: a critical review
Authors: Rabbani Shahid , Qureshi Zahid Ahmed , Alfantazi Akram , Alkaabi Ahmed K , Alameri Saeed A , Addad Yacine , Samad Yarjan Abdul , Afgan Imran 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Graphene, a remarkable material with exceptional properties, has been at the forefront of extensive scientific research in the past two decades, leading to a vast array of proposed applications. The material’s structural strength, superior thermal and electrical conductivity, anti-corrosion properties, and versatile sensor capabilities has made it an exceedingly desirable option for various functions in the nuclear industry. However, despite the increasing interest in graphene’s potential uses in the nuclear industry, a comprehensive and detailed review of its possible applications in this context is still missing. This article endeavours to bridge this gap by presenting a thorough analysis of the potential applications of graphene in the nuclear industry. Specifically, its applications to pre-reactor treatments, fuel enrichment, heavy water preparation, filtration, radionuclide waste conditioning, monitoring through sensors, augmented heat transfer and corrosion prevention. These areas offer numerous opportunities for graphene-based materials to enhance the efficiency, safety, and reliability of nuclear power plants. This article not only illuminates the exciting opportunities of graphene usage in the nuclear field but also serves as a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers and stakeholders seeking to leverage the unique properties of graphene to drive innovation and advancement in the nuclear industry.
Energy and exergy analysis of an ideal molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) and reheat & regenerative braysson cycle hybrid system
Authors: Soujanya K S L , Sastry G Ravi Kiran , Ramji K , Chandramouli R , Kumar G Santosh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Direct energy conversion devices are gaining prominence because of their high efficiency, as the process involves the direct conversion of chemical energy to its electrical counterpart, bypassing the thermal energy phase. Fuel cells work on the principle of a chemical reaction between fuels like Hydrogen, Methane, propane, ammonia, and an oxidizer. The working temperature of the fuel cell is as high as (600 °C–700 °C). Generally, waste heat liberated from the fuel cells was used to generate power by running the Brayton (or) Rankine cycle. This work involves exergy and energy analysis on a hybrid system made of a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell and reheat & regenerative Braysson cycle. Combining a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) with a Braysson cycle results in a novel hybrid system that offers exciting possibilities for power generation. In the analysis, Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell is assumed to operate at 650 °C, and the turbine inlet temperature (TIT) range of the Braysson cycle is taken as 400 to 600 °C. It has been noticed that different optimum pressure ratio values exist to obtain maximum output of power and maximum efficiencies. Both the exergy and energy efficiencies of the combined cycle increase with the increase in turbine inlet temperature. This combined system depicts maximum energy and exergy efficiency of 96.84% and 95.13%, respectively. Destruction rates of exergy for individual equipment and the total system are also obtained as a function of TIT and pressure ratio. The exergy destruction rates are found to be maximum in the fuel cells. An optimum pressure ratio is found to be 1.4, where fuel consumption is the least and efficiencies are the maximum.
The roles of agricultural trade and trade policy in climate change adaptation and mitigation
Authors: Villoria Nelson B , Arita Shawn , Sydow Sharon 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article examines how international trade and policy shape the economic consequences of climate-induced changes in crop productivity, considering both adaptation and mitigation. International trade serves as a global risk-sharing mechanism with the potential of ameliorating the adverse impacts of climate-induced crop shortages by allowing regions with agricultural surpluses to provide for those facing shortages. However, the effectiveness of trade in adaptation depends on whether changes in productivity occur in the short- or the long-run, the structure of tariffs and subsidies, and whether a country is a net importer or exporter of affected products. The most recent evidence on long-term adaptation suggests that the changes in domestic crop portfolios and a diversified set of suppliers are the most effective ways for food-dependent countries to adapt to projected changes in climate toward the mid-century. In the short term, trade helps to buffer against seasonal price shocks, offering relief from sudden price spikes in food staples. Concerns about importing price volatility have little support in the historical record. Still, they may be justified as shifts in climate may result in more frequent extreme events affecting large producing regions of the world. Emerging international trade policies aimed at climate change mitigation, such as carbon border adjustments and laws banning trade in products associated with deforestation, are gaining traction. The adaptability of the international trade regime to these policies remains uncertain. Critical areas for further research include moving from impact assessment to analyzing how the current structure of farm programs worldwide interacts with adaptation and mitigation strategies, expanding the range of crops, and including livestock products in the analysis.
A novel protein Moat prevents ectopic epithelial folding by limiting Bazooka/Par3-dependent adherens junctions
Authors: Gu Lingkun , Sauceda Rolin , Brar Jasneet , Fessahaye Ferdos , Joo Minsang , Lee Joan , Nguyen Jacqueline , Teng Marissa , Weng Mo 
Published: June 2024

Contractile myosin and cell adhesion work together to induce tissue shape changes, but how they are patterned to achieve diverse morphogenetic outcomes remains unclear. Epithelial folding occurs via apical constriction, mediated by apical contractile myosin engaged with adherens junctions, as in Drosophila ventral furrow formation. While it has been shown that a multicellular gradient of myosin contractility determines folding shape, the impact of multicellular patterning of adherens junction levels on tissue folding is unknown. We identified a novel Drosophila gene moat essential for differential apical constriction and folding behaviors across the ventral epithelium which contains both folding ventral furrow and nonfolding ectodermal anterior midgut (ectoAMG). We show that Moat functions to downregulate polarity-dependent adherens junctions through inhibiting cortical clustering of Bazooka/Par3 proteins. Such downregulation of polarity-dependent junctions is critical for establishing a myosin-dependent pattern of adherens junctions, which in turn mediates differential apical constriction in the ventral epithelium. In moat mutants, abnormally high levels of polarity-dependent junctions promote ectopic apical constriction in cells with low-level contractile myosin, resulting in expansion of infolding from ventral furrow to ectoAMG, and flattening of ventral furrow constriction gradient. Our results demonstrate that tissue-scale distribution of adhesion levels patterns apical constriction and establishes morphogenetic boundaries.
Determination of the safety of Halomonas sp. KM-1-derived d-β-hydroxybutyric acid and its fermentation-derived impurities in mice and Japanese adults
Authors: Katsuya Shohei , Kawata Yoshikazu , Sugimoto Masayuki , Nishimura Taku , Tsubota Jun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The use of halophilic bacteria in industrial chemical and food production has received great interest because of the unique properties of these bacteria; however, their safety remains under investigation. Halomonas sp. KM-1 intracellularly stores poly-D-β-hydroxybutyric acid under aerobic conditions and successively secretes D-β-hydroxybutyric acid (D-BHB) under microaerobic conditions. Therefore, we tested the safety of Halomonas sp. KM-1-derived D-BHB and the impurities generated during D-BHB manufacturing at a 100-fold increased concentration in acute tests using mice and daily intake of 16.0 g D-BHB in Japanese adults for 12 weeks. In the mice test, there were no abnormalities in the body weights or health of mice fed the purified D-BHB or its impurities. In the Japanese adult test, blood parameters and body condition showed no medically problematic fluctuations. These findings indicate that Halomonas sp. KM-1 is safe and can be used for commercial production of D-BHB and its derivatives.
The successful use of rituximab in IgA nephropathy patients with podocytopathy: a case series
Authors: Sun Mingfang , Wang Ling , Liu Xinghong , Xiao Fei , Dai Huanzi 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) with podocytopathy is a rare pathological type of glomerular disease. The use of rituximab (RTX) in the treatment of glomerular diseases has increased in recent decades, but the efficacy of RTX in the treatment of patients with IgAN and podocytopathy has rarely been reported.

Methods
This was a single-centre retrospective study of IgAN patients with podocytopathy who were treated with RTX as second-line therapy was conducted at our centre from 2019 to 2022. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of RTX in IgAN patients with podocytopathy.

Results
Seven out of eight patients met the criteria for complete remission following RTX therapy. Only one patient experienced adverse events (infectious diarrhoea and pulmonary infection) and experienced relapse 6 months after RTX therapy. The maximum relapse-free time after RTX therapy was 20 months, while the maximum relapse-free time before RTX therapy was only 6 months. The number of relapses before RTX therapy (per year) was one to four; moreover, seven patients did not relapse and maintained remission at the last follow-up despite steroid withdrawal after RTX therapy.

Conclusion
Overall, RTX effectively reduced proteinuria, increased the maximum relapse-free time, reduced the number of relapses per year and helped patients stop steroid use as soon as possible. RTX also helped most patients achieve clinical remission. RTX appears to be an effective and safe alternative for treating IgAN patients with podocytopathy with steroid dependence or frequent relapse.
Central venous catheter–related right atrial thrombus in oncology patients: a case series of cardiovascular magnetic resonance studies
Authors: Cardoso Isabel , de Almeida José , Tsoumani Zoi , Alpendurada Francisco , Mohiaddin Raad H 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Patients with cancer are at an increased risk of thrombus formation, often identified on routine echocardiogram in the right atrium. The 2022 ESC Guidelines on Cardio-oncology emphasize cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) as the gold standard for thrombus identification.

Case summary
We present a case series of seven patients who underwent CMR due to right atrial mass suspected to result from central venous catheter–related right atrial thrombus. In all cases, CMR enabled accurate diagnosis of a thrombus. It also allowed to assess complete or partial resolution of the thrombi following anticoagulation on follow-up studies.

Discussion
The presence of a central venous catheter is recognized as a risk factor for thrombus formation, particularly when inappropriately advanced into the right atrium. The integration of CMR into the diagnostic pathway enabled precise thrombus identification and guidance for treatment in this population with a complex balance between cancer-related thrombotic and haemorrhagic risks.