bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laser exposure of gold nanorods can induce intracellular calcium transients
Authors: Paviolo Chiara , Haycock John W. , Cadusch Peter J. , McArthur Sally L. , Stoddart Paul R. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractUncoated and poly(styrene sulphonate) (PSS)‐coated gold nanorods were taken up by NG108‐15 neuronal cells. Exposure to 780 nm laser light at the plasmon resonance wavelength of the gold nanorods was found to induce intracellular Ca2+ transients. The higher Ca2+ peaks were observed at lower laser doses, with the highest levels obtained at a radiant exposure of 0.33 J/cm2. In contrast, the cells without nanoparticles showed a consistently small response, independent of the laser dose. These initial results open up new opportunities for peripheral nerve regeneration treatments and for more efficient optical stimulation techniques. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Role of Sulfur Dioxide in Acute Lung Injury Following Limb Ischemia/Reperfusion in Rats
Authors: Huang Xin‐Li , Liu Yang , Zhou Jun‐Lin , Qin Yong‐Chao , Ren Xiao‐Bao , Zhou Xiao‐Hong , Cao Hua 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTSulfur dioxide (SO2) is naturally synthesized by glutamate‐oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) from l‐cysteine in mammalian cells. We aim to investigate the role of SO2 in inflammation in acute lung injury (ALI) following limb ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Male Wistar rats were subjected to limb I/R and were injected with saline, GOT inhibitor hydroxamate (HDX, 0.47 mmol/kg), or the SO2 donor Na2SO3/NaHSO3 (0.54 mmol/kg/0.18 mmol/kg). Compared with the sham operation, the plasma SO2 levels were significantly decreased by limb I/R treatment. In addition, SO2 concentration and GOT activity in the lung tissue were also reduced in ALI. The occurrence of ALI following limb I/R can be prevented by Na2SO3/NaHSO3 treatment, whereas it can be significantly aggravated by HDX. The plasma IL‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐10 levels were consistent with myeloperoxidase activity and inflammation in lung tissue. In conclusion, our data suggest that downregulation of endogenous SO2 production might be involved in pathogenesis of ALI following limb I/R in rats. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J BiochemMol Toxicol 27:389‐397, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21492
Late Onset Eating Disorders in Spain: Clinical Characteristics and Therapeutic Implications
Authors: Bueno B. , Krug I. , Bulik C.M. , Jiménez‐Murcia S. , Granero R. , Thornton L. , Penelo E. , Menchón J.M. , Sánchez I. , Tinahones F.J. , Fernández‐Aranda F. 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveThe literature on later age of onset (LAO) in women with eating disorders is scarce. We compared the severity of eating disorders, eating disorder subtype, and personality profiles in a clinical sample of consecutively assessed women with eating disorders with later age of onset (LAO, > = 25 years) to women with typical age of onset (TAO, <25 years).MethodAll eating disorder patients met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM‐IV) criteria and were admitted to the Eating Disorder Unit of the University Hospital of Bellvitge in Barcelona, Spain. Ninety‐six patients were classified as LAO and 759 as TAO.AssessmentMeasures included the Eating Attitude Test‐40 (EAT‐40), Eating Disorders Inventory‐2 (EDI‐2), Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh (BITE), Symptom Checklist Revised (SCL‐90‐R), and the Temperament and Character Inventory‐Revised (TCI‐R), as well as other clinical and psychopathological indices.ResultsLAO individuals reported significantly fewer weekly vomiting episodes, fewer self‐harming behaviours, less drug abuse, and lower scores on the BITE symptoms, the EDI‐2 drive for thinness, and the TCI‐R harm avoidance scales than TAO individuals. Conversely, the LAO group reported more current and premorbid obesity than the TAO group.ConclusionLAO eating disorder patients in this sample presented with milder symptomatology and less extreme personality traits. Premorbid obesity may be more relevant to LAO than TAO eating disorders and should be routinely assessed and considered when planning treatment.
Health‐Related Dysfunctional Beliefs and Health Anxiety: Further Evidence of Cognitive Specificity
Authors: Fergus Thomas A. 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveThe specificity of Salkovskis and Warwick's (2001) 4 health‐related dysfunctional beliefs to health anxiety was examined.MethodSpecificity was examined using a medically healthy sample of community members recruited through the Internet (N = 410, mean age = 32.9 years, 55.4% female). Structural equation modeling was used to compare the equivalence of latent correlations and partial path coefficients that controlled for the overlap among the targeted dysfunctional beliefs.ResultsHealth‐related dysfunctional beliefs were significantly more strongly related to health anxiety than obsessive‐compulsive symptoms. Further, health‐related dysfunctional beliefs continued to share robust relations with health anxiety after controlling for related dysfunctional beliefs, although anxiety sensitivity appeared particularly relevant to health anxiety as well.ConclusionsThese results support the specificity of Salkovskis and Warwick's health‐related dysfunctional beliefs to health anxiety, as well as the importance given to dysfunctional beliefs within cognitive‐behavioral models and treatments of health anxiety.
A hybrid equilibrium element for folded plate and shell structures
Authors: Maunder E. A. W. , Izzuddin B. A. 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYThis paper extends hybrid equilibrium formulation concepts, previously used with success for planar problems, to the analysis of folded plates and curved shells. A 2D hybrid equilibrium flat shell quadrilateral element is formulated for linear analysis, where detailed consideration is given to the implication of slope discontinuity when the element is used for non‐planar domains. Benchmark plate bending, folded plate and curved shell problems are modelled using equilibrium and conforming elements for comparison. In models of the latter two problems, torsional moments may be released along lines of slope discontinuity, and the effects of this assumption for the folded plate are studied by analysing a third type of model composed of 3D solid brick elements. The comparisons demonstrate an excellent performance from the new hybrid equilibrium analysis method for folded plates and curved shells. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Direct strain tensor approximation for full‐field strain measurement methods
Authors: Iliopoulos Athanasios , Michopoulos John G. 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYFull‐field strain measurement techniques are based on computing the spatial derivatives of numerical or functional approximations of the underlying displacement fields extracted from digital imaging methods. These methods implicitly assume that the medium satisfies the strain compatibility conditions, which are only true in the case of a continuum body that remains continuum throughout its deformation history. In the present work, we introduce a method that can be used to calculate the strain components directly from typical digital imaging data, without the need of the continuum hypothesis and the need for displacement field differentiation. Thus, it enables the measurement of strain fields from imaged surfaces that may or may not contain discontinuities. Numerical comparisons are performed on the basis synthetic data produced from an analytical solution for an elastically orthotropic open‐hole domain in tension. For performance comparison purposes, the mean absolute error distributions are calculated for the cases of both the traditional meshless random grid method, and the direct strain method introduced herein. It is established that the more refined representation of strain provided by our present approach is more accurate everywhere in the domain, but most importantly, near its boundaries. Published 2013. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Morphology and structure of nylon‐6 crystallized in epoxy resin matrix
Authors: Vyas Aniket , Iroh Jude O. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTNylon‐6/epoxy resin composite with multiphase morphology has been successfully prepared via polymerization of caprolactam in N‐methylpyrrolidone using N‐acetyl caprolactam as the initiator. This was followed by reactive blending of appropriate amount of the plastic with epoxy resin. The structure of nylon‐6 prepared by solution polymerization is predominantly α [200, 020]α crystalline form with γ [002]γ crystalline form as the minor phase. Subsequently, nylon‐6/epoxy composite was prepared at 150°C in a Teflon mold. A remarkable heterogeneous morphology of the fractured surface of the film was observed, consisting of multilayered fiber‐like crystals encapsulated in the epoxy resin matrix. Close inspection of the morphology of the composite revealed a preference of nylon‐6 to crystallize in the crevices and cracks created in glassy epoxy matrix during processing. The crystals seem to nucleate spontaneously and grow radially into spherulites. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:858–866, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers
Hybrid polymer/inorganic nanoparticle blended ternary solar cells
Authors: Yoon Seokhyun , Heo Seung Jin , Kim Hyun Jae 
Published: June 2013

AbstractHybrid polymer/inorganic nanoparticle blended ternary solar cells are reported. These solar cells have an active layer consisting of PbS colloidal quantum dots (CQDs), poly (3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT), and [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). Power conversion efficiency (PCE) was improved by incorporating PbS CQDs in the active layer of P3HT:PCBM‐based organic solar cells. As the concentration of PbS CQDs in the hybrid solar cells was increased, PCE was also increased. This improvement resulted from improved charge transfer and also extended light absorption into the near‐infrared. The PCE of the hybrid solar cells was 47% higher than that for reference organic solar cells on average under air mass 1.5 global illumination. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Long‐lived Rossby wave trains as precursors to strong winter cyclones over Europe
Authors: Wirth V. , Eichhorn J. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe statistical connection between strong surface cyclones over Europe and long‐lived upper‐tropospheric Rossby wave trains is examined for the Northern Hemisphere winter season using 45 years of reanalysis data. Dates are selected for which the surface pressure anomaly over Central Europe is below a threshold yielding the 5% of lowest values. Composites of upper tropospheric meridional wind for these dates (including a lead or lag in time) display clear signs of a wave train. The composite wave train lives for over two weeks and propagates eastward over more than 360° longitude. The phase speed of individual lows and highs, by contrast, is close to zero and the same is true for the composite surface low. There is a pronounced northward shift of the wave train as it propagates over the North American East coast. Although this composite wave train is statistically highly significant, there is large scatter about the mean. An index is defined that quantifies the similarity of the upper‐tropospheric meridional wind pattern for an arbitrary date with the composite wave train for a certain lead or lag. Given large positive values of the index, there is an enhanced probability of a strong surface cyclone over Central Europe a few days later. Comparison with a previous study focusing on Pacific cyclones shows noteworthy differences.
Online artificial neural network model‐based nonlinear model predictive controller for the meridian UAS
Authors: Garcia Gonzalo A. , Keshmiri Shahriar 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYA worldwide accident survey of manned and unmanned aircraft shows in‐flight loss of control remains a major contributor to aircraft accidents. Operation outside the normal fight envelope is usually subject to failure of components, inappropriate crew response, and environmental conditions. The aerodynamic model of aircraft associated with hazardous weather and abnormal conditions is inherently nonlinear and unsteady. A novel adaptive nonlinear model predictive controller is proposed and conceptually proven to ensure safe control of the Meridian unmanned aerial system in off‐nominal conditions. Nonlinear model predictive controllers are capable of handling input and output constraints that directly satisfy safety and performance requirements in off‐nominal conditions. The performance of a nonlinear model predictive controller relies heavily on the physics‐based model. Controller performance is improved by updating the physics‐based model by using real‐time nonlinear estimation of aerodynamic forces. Real‐time nonlinear estimation of aerodynamic forces is obtained utilizing artificial neural networks with time‐varying adaptive parameters. The adaptive nonlinear model predictive controller, coupled with real‐time parameter identification, is shown to exhibit robust characteristics and to successfully mitigate the impact of nonlinear and unsteady aerodynamics while preventing loss of control. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Text mining in computational advertising
Authors: Soriano Jacopo , Au Timothy , Banks David 
Published: June 2013

AbstractComputational advertising uses information on web‐browsing activity and additional covariates to select advertisements for display to the user. The statistical challenge is to develop methodology that matches ads to users who are likely to purchase the advertised product. These methods not only involve text mining, but also may draw upon additional modeling related to both the user and the advertisement. This paper reviews various aspects of text mining, including n‐grams, topic modeling, and text networks, and discusses different strategies in the context of specific business models. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Statistical Analysis and Data Mining, 2013
Fetal venous circulation in monochorionic twin pregnancies with placental insufficiency: prediction of acidemia at birth or intrauterine fetal death
Authors: Liao T. B. , Nomura R. M. Y. , Liao A. W. , Francisco R. P .V. , Zugaib M. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo investigate fetal venous Doppler measurements in monochorionic twin pregnancies complicated by placental insufficiency and the relationship between fetal venous flow and acidemia at birth or intrauterine fetal death.MethodsThis was a prospective study of 18 monochorionic twin pregnancies with placental insufficiency. Inclusion criteria were monochorionic–diamniotic twin pregnancy, abnormal umbilical artery (UA) Doppler indices, intact membranes and absence of fetal congenital abnormalities. Cases of twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome were excluded. The following Doppler measurements were studied: UA pulsatility index (PI), ductus venosus PI, middle cerebral artery PI and peak systolic velocity, intra‐abdominal umbilical vein (UV) time‐averaged maximum velocity (TAMXV) and left portal vein (LPV) TAMXV. Doppler parameters were transformed into Z‐scores (SD values from the mean) or multiples of the median according to normative references.ResultsUA pH < 7.20 occurred in nine (25.0%) neonates, pH < 7.15 in four (11.1%) and intrauterine death in four (11.1%) fetuses. The UV‐TAMXV and LPV‐TAMXV Z‐scores were significantly lower in the group with pH < 7.20 or intrauterine fetal death (–1.79 vs –1.22, P = 0.006 and –2.26 vs –1.13, P = 0.04, respectively). In cases with pH < 7.15 or intrauterine fetal death, UV pulsations were more frequent (50.0% vs 10.7%, P = 0.03) and UV‐TAMXV Z‐score was significantly lower (–1.89 vs –1.26, P = 0.003). Mixed effects logistic regression analysis, accounting for the paired nature of the outcomes for the two twins in each pregnancy, demonstrated that the UV‐TAMXV Z‐score significantly predicted UA pH at birth < 7.20 or intrauterine fetal death. The Doppler parameter that independently predicted pH < 7.15 or intrauterine fetal death was presence of pulsation in the UV.ConclusionUV Doppler parameters may predict acidemia at birth or intrauterine fetal death in monochorionic twins complicated by placental insufficiency. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Preparing for Optimal Outcomes: A Live Evacuation Exercise
Authors: Baioni Karyn , Gneuhs Matthew , Dickman Laura , Weber Karyn , Hueneman Margie , Timm Nathan 
Published: June 2013

AbstractRequirements for emergency preparation and training are a part of medical facility guidelines. At one pediatric level I trauma center with 525 beds and more than 12,000 employees, the perioperative teams received regular evacuation training but had never held a live evacuation exercise, so a team made up of perioperative and support personnel created a plan for a live evacuation exercise. The team evaluated the six key areas of evacuation planning: communication, resources and assets, security and safety, staff responsibilities, utilities management, and clinical and patient support activities. Lessons learned from the exercise included the need to include surgeons in evacuation plans, the need for improved communication between different perioperative departments, and the need for security personnel to assist in evacuations.
The impact of an interprofessional problem‐based learning curriculum of clinical ethics on medical and nursing students' attitudes and ability of interprofessional collaboration: A pilot study
Authors: Lin Yu‐Chih , Chan Te‐Fu , Lai Chung‐Sheng , Chin Chi‐Chun , Chou Fan‐Hao , Lin Hui‐Ju 
Published: June 2013

AbstractClinical ethic situations in modern multiprofessional healthcare systems may involve different healthcare professions who work together for patient care. The undergraduate interprofessional education of clinical ethics would help to incubate healthcare students' ability of interprofessional collaboration in solving ethical problems. However, the impact from an interprofessional educational model on student's attitudes and confidence of interprofessional collaboration should be carefully evaluated during the process of curricular development. This study aimed to conduct a pilot interprofessional PBL curriculum of clinical ethics and evaluate the curricular impact on interprofessional students' attitude and confidence of collaborative teamwork. Thirty‐six medical and nursing students volunteered to participate in this study and were divided into three groups (medical group, nursing group, and mixed group). Tutors were recruited from the Medical School and the College of Nursing. The pilot curriculum included one lecture of clinical ethics, one PBL case study with two tutorial sessions, and one session of group discussion and feedback. A narrative story with multiple story lines and a multiperspective problem analysis tool were used in the PBL tutorials. The students' self‐evaluation of learning questionnaire was used to evaluate students' learning of clinical ethics and interprofessional collaborative skills and attitude. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was measured by Cronbach α, and the criterion‐related validity of the questionnaire was evaluated through associations between the dimension scores with the student group by one‐way analysis of variance test (ANOVA) test and Tukey‐Kramer honestly significant difference (HSD) comparison. There was significant difference among different groups in students' ability and attitudes about “interprofessional communication and collaboration” (p = 0.0184). The scores in the mixed group (37.58 ± 3.26) were higher than the medical group (32.10 ± 4.98). In conclusion, our model for the interprofessional PBL curriculum of clinical ethics is practicable and will produce positive impacts on students' attitudes and confidence of interprofessional collaboration.
Pollution and Protest in China: Environmental Mobilization in Context
Authors: Deng Yanhua , Yang Guobin 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis article focuses on environmental controversy in a Chinese rural community. It shows that Chinese villagers may protest against anticipated pollution if the environmental threat is effectively framed. In the face of real and serious pollution, villagers may seek to redress environmental grievances by piggybacking on politically favourable issues. However, when the pollution is caused by fellow villagers, environmentally concerned villagers may remain silent owing to the constraints of community relations and economic dependency. These findings suggest that the relationship between pollution and protest is context-dependent.
A geometric perspective on the Breuil–Mézard conjecture
Authors: Emerton Matthew , Gee Toby 
Published: June 2013

AbstractLet$p\gt 2$be prime. We state and prove (under mild hypotheses on the residual representation) a geometric refinement of the Breuil–Mézard conjecture for two-dimensional mod$p$representations of the absolute Galois group of${ \mathbb{Q} }_{p} $. We also state a conjectural generalization to$n$-dimensional representations of the absolute Galois group of an arbitrary finite extension of${ \mathbb{Q} }_{p} $, and give a conditional proof of this conjecture, subject to a certain$R= \mathbb{T} $-type theorem together with a strong version of the weight part of Serre’s conjecture for rank $n$unitary groups. We deduce an unconditional result in the case of two-dimensional potentially Barsotti–Tate representations.
Prespeech Vocalizations and the Emergence of Speech: A Study of 1005 Spanish Children
Authors: Karousou Alexandra , López-Ornat Susana 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis study investigates 12 prespeech vocal behaviors which are taken to reflect children´s phonological, communicative and early symbolic development. It explores their development (onset, duration and extinction) and their relation to early lexical development. A structured parental questionnaire on prespeech vocalizations was developed, validated and used for the evaluation of 1005 Spanish children’s early vocal development (8–30 months). In parallel, the same children’s productive vocabulary was assessed using the vocabulary section of the European-Spanish MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories. Results highlight a global inverted U-shaped developmental pattern which emerges from the asynchronous development of the vocal behaviors examined, relating both their emergence and extinction to advances in linguistic development. Moreover, the protracted coexistence of prespeech vocalizations with early speech and their significant correlations with vocabulary size reveal a gradual transition into language. Overall results reinforce and extend previous findings on the development of prespeech vocalizations and establish their relevance as early indexes of linguistic development. Finally, positive evidence on the use of an assisted parental report method for reliably evaluating these developments is provided. Results are discussed within theoretical frameworks that conceive language as the emergent product of complex developmental processes.