bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of diffracted wave analysis to time‐lapse seismic data for CO2 leakage detection
Authors: Alonaizi Faisal , Pevzner Roman , Bóna Andrej , Alshamry Mohammad , Caspari Eva , Gurevich Boris 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTTime‐lapse seismic analysis is utilized in CO2 geosequestration to verify the CO2 containment within a reservoir. A major risk associated with geosequestration is a possible leakage of CO2 from the storage formation into overlaying formations. To mitigate this risk, the deployment of carbon capture and storage projects requires fast and reliable detection of relatively small volumes of CO2 outside the storage formation. To do this, it is necessary to predict typical seepage scenarios and improve subsurface seepage detection methods. In this work we present a technique for CO2 monitoring based on the detection of diffracted waves in time‐lapse seismic data. In the case of CO2 seepage, the migrating plume might form small secondary accumulations that would produce diffracted, rather than reflected waves. From time‐lapse data analysis, we are able to separate the diffracted waves from the predominant reflections in order to image the small CO2 plumes. To explore possibilities to detect relatively small amounts of CO2, we performed synthetic time‐lapse seismic modelling based on the Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies (CO2CRC) Otway project data. The detection method is based on defining the CO2 location by measuring the coherency of the signal along diffraction offset‐traveltime curves. The technique is applied to a time‐lapse stacked section using a stacking velocity to construct offset‐traveltime curves. Given the amount of noise found in the surface seismic data, the predicted minimum detectable amount of CO2 is 1000–2000 tonnes. This method was also applied to real data obtained from a time‐lapse seismic physical model. The use of diffractions rather than reflections for monitoring small amounts of CO2 can enhance the capability of subsurface monitoring in CO2 geosequestration projects.
A 27‐point scheme for a 3D frequency‐domain scalar wave equation based on an average‐derivative method
Authors: Chen Jing‐Bo 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTBased on an average‐derivative method and optimization techniques, a 27‐point scheme for a 3D frequency‐domain scalar wave equation is developed. Compared to the rotated‐coordinate approach, the average‐derivative optimal method is not only concise but also applies to equal and unequal directional sampling intervals. The resulting 27‐point scheme uses a 27‐point operator to approximate spatial derivatives and the mass acceleration term. The coefficients are determined by minimizing phase velocity dispersion errors and the resultant optimal coefficients depend on ratios of directional sampling intervals. Compared to the classical 7‐point scheme, the number of grid points per shortest wavelength is reduced from approximately 13 to approximately 4 by this 27‐point optimal scheme for equal directional sampling intervals and unequal directional sampling intervals as well. Two numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the theoretical analysis. The average‐derivative algorithm is also extended to a 3D frequency‐domain viscous scalar wave equation.
Minimally invasive therapy for gynaecological symptoms related to a niche in the caesarean scar: a systematic review
Authors: van der Voet LF , Vervoort AJ , Veersema S , BijdeVaate AJ , Brölmann HAM , Huirne JAF 
Published: December 2013

BackgroundVarious therapies are currently used to treat symptoms related to the niche (an anechoic area) in the caesarean scar, in particular to treat abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB).ObjectiveTo systematically review the available literature reporting on the effect of various therapies on niche‐related symptoms.Search strategyA systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, trial registers and congress abstracts from AAGL and ESGE was performed.Selection criteriaArticles reporting on the effectiveness of therapies other than hysterectomy in women with niche‐related symptoms were included. Studies were included if they reported one of the following outcomes: effect on AUB, pain relief, sexual function, quality of life (QOL), and surgical, anatomic, fertility, or pregnancy outcome.Data collection and analysisTwo authors independently selected the articles to be included. The Meta‐analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines were followed. A standardised checklist was used to score the methodological quality of the included studies.Main resultsTwelve studies were included, reporting on hysteroscopic niche resection (eight studies, 384 patients), laparoscopic repair (one study, 13 patients), (laparoscopic assisted) vaginal repair (two studies, 47 patients), and oral contraceptives (OCs) (one study, 11 patients). Reported AUB improved in the vast majority of the patients after these interventions, ranging from 87 to 100%. The rate of complications was low. Pregnancies were reported after therapy; however, sample sizes and follow‐up were insufficient to study fertility or pregnancy outcome. The methodological quality of the selected papers was considered to be moderate to poor, and was therefore insufficient to make solid conclusions.Author's conclusionsMore evidence is needed before (surgical) niche interventions are implemented in daily practice.
Vaginal birth after a caesarean section: the development of a Western European population‐based prediction model for deliveries at term
Authors: Schoorel ENC , van Kuijk SMJ , Melman S , Nijhuis JG , Smits LJM , Aardenburg R , de Boer K , Delemarre FMC , van Dooren IM , Franssen MTM , Kaplan M , Kleiverda G , Kuppens SMI , Kwee A , Lim FTH , Mol BWJ , Roumen FJME , Sikkema JM , Smid‐Koopman E , Visser H , Woiski M , Hermens RPMG , Scheepers HCJ 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveTo develop and internally validate a model that predicts the outcome of an intended vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) for a Western European population that can be used to personalise counselling for deliveries at term.DesignRegistration‐based retrospective cohort study.SettingFive university teaching hospitals, seven non‐university teaching hospitals, and five non‐university non‐teaching hospitals in the Netherlands.PopulationA cohort of 515 women with a history of one caesarean section and a viable singleton pregnancy, without a contraindication for intended VBAC, who delivered at term.MethodsPotential predictors for a vaginal delivery after caesarean section were chosen based on literature and expert opinions. We internally validated the prediction model using bootstrapping techniques.Main outcome measuresPredictors for VBAC. For model validation, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for discriminative capacity and calibration‐per‐risk‐quantile for accuracy were calculated.ResultsA total of 371 out of 515 women had a VBAC (72%). Variables included in the model were: estimated fetal weight greater than the 90th percentile in the third trimester; previous non‐progressive labour; previous vaginal delivery; induction of labour; pre‐pregnancy body mass index; and ethnicity. The AUC was 71% (95% confidence interval, 95% CI = 69–73%), indicating a good discriminative ability. The calibration plot shows that the predicted probabilities are well calibrated, especially from 65% up, which accounts for 77% of the total study population.ConclusionWe developed an appropriate Western European population‐based prediction model that is aimed to personalise counselling for term deliveries.
Risk factors for acute gastrointestinal bleeding following myocardial infarction in veteran patients who are prescribed clopidogrel
Authors: Cuschieri Justin R , Drawz Paul , Falck‐Ytter Yngve , Wong Richard C K 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveOur aim was to identify risk factors for acute gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) who were prescribed clopidogrel following hospital discharge.MethodsData were collected retrospectively from patients treated in Veteran Affairs hospitals in Ohio, USA, from 2001 to 2008 with a primary diagnosis of MI (International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision) and a prescription for clopidogrel filled within 48 h of discharge. Primary outcome was acute GI bleeding after discharge.ResultsAcute GI bleeding occurred in 107 of 3218 patients. Bleeding occurred in those who were elder (66.2 vs 62.4 years, P = 0.0002), had lower glomerular filtration rate (74 vs 81 mL/min, P = 0.024), had filled prescription for warfarin (15.9% vs 6.9%, P = 0.0004), diagnosed as atrial fibrillation (20.6% vs 11.1%, P = 0.003), chronic liver (5.6% vs 2.2%, P = 0.018) or kidney disease (29.0% vs 19.4%, P = 0.016). A risk model and GI bleed risk score were developed and showed that patients with age >65 years, use of warfarin, the presence of chronic liver or kidney disease were at increased risk for GI bleeding.ConclusionsVeterans patients of advanced age, using warfarin and with chronic liver and kidney disease may be at increased risk of GI bleeding when prescribed clopidogrel following MI. A scoring system may help to identify patients at high risk for GI bleeding.
Entomopathogenic fungi of the oil palm pest, Zophiuma butawengi (Fulgoromorpha: Lophopidae), and potential for use as biological control agents
Authors: Woruba Deane N , Priest Michael J , Dewhurst Charles F , Gitau Catherine W , Fletcher Murray J , Nicol Helen I , Gurr Geoff M 
Published: December 2013

AbstractOil palm, Elaeis guineensis Jacq., is an important cash crop in Papua New Guinea. Production is currently under threat from Finschhafen disorder caused by the planthopper Zophiuma butawengi (Heller), a native pest of coconut. The need for a non‐chemical strategy to manage Z. butawengi is high because the industry is committed to sustainable production. One possible option is the development of biological control using entomopathogenic fungi, and this study aimed to assess the scope for such a technology. Field collections extending over three regions of West New Britain in the 2010 monsoon season yielded 38 mycosed cadavers. Only three yielded entomopathogenic fungi: two of Hirsutella citriformis Speare and one each of Metarhizium flavoviride var. minus Rombach, Humber and D.W. Roberts, and Purpureocillium lilacinum (Thom) Luangsa‐ard, Houbraken, Hywel‐Jones and Samson. The pathogenicity of each isolate to Z. butawengi was confirmed in a laboratory study. M. flavoviride var. minus killed Z. butawengi significantly more rapidly over the course of a 15‐day period, and day 7 mortality was significantly greater than in water or nil control treatments. Given this pathogenic fungus was readily culturable and congenerics are used in other biological control treatments, it merits further investigation as a potential inundative entomopathogenic agent against Z. butawengi.
Three intravitreal bevacizumab versus two intravitreal triamcinolone injections in recent onset central retinal vein occlusion
Authors: Ramezani Alireza , Esfandiari Hamed , Entezari Morteza , Moradian Siamak , Soheilian Masoud , Dehsarvi Babak , Yaseri Mehdi 
Published: December 2013

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the effects of repeated intravitreal injections of bevacizumab (IVB) versus triamcinolone acetonide (IVT) in the treatment of acute central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).MethodsIn this randomized clinical trial, 86 eyes with recent onset (<12 weeks) CRVO were assigned to two groups: IVB group (43 eyes) that received three monthly injections of 1.25 mg of IVB, and IVT group (43 eyes) that received two injections of 2 mg IVT 2 months apart. Outcomes were best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and intraocular pressure (IOP) changes.ResultsMean BCVA improved significantly at 6 months in both groups; from 0.87 ± 0.49 to 0.41 ± 0.35 logMAR in IVB group, and from 0.81 ± 0.45 to 0.62 ± 0.48 logMAR in IVT group (p < 0.001). However, between‐group differences reach a significant level at months 4 (p = 0.003) and 6 (p < 0.001) in favour of the IVB group. In terms of CMT reduction, the difference between the groups was statistically significant (p = 0.002) at month 6. Significant differences were noted more in the ischaemic cases in favour of the IVB group. Mean IOP rise was significantly higher in the IVT group at all visits.ConclusionsBoth 3‐times monthly IVB injections and 2‐times IVT injections could be effective in cases with recent onset CRVO up to 6 months. However, considering the better outcomes after IVB injections and the potential complications of IVT injections, we would recommend prescheduled repeated IVB injections for such cases. The observed favourable responses were more pronounced in the ischaemic types; nevertheless, this should be confirmed in larger studies.
Lack of association between TPH2 gene polymorphisms with major depressive disorder in multiethnic Malaysian population
Authors: Nazree Nur Elia , Loke Ai Chin , Zainal Nor Zuraida , Mohamed Zahurin 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIntroductionNumerous association studies of candidate genes studies with major depressive disorder (MDD) have been conducted for many years; however, the evidence of association between genes and the risk of developing MDD still remains inconclusive. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) gene and MDD in three ethnic groups (Malay, Chinese and Indian) within the Malaysian population.MethodsTwo hundred and sixty five MDD patients who fulfilled the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders‐IV criteria for MDD and 332 healthy controls were recruited for the study. All cases and controls were then genotyped for TPH2 polymorphisms rs1386494, rs1386495 and rs7305115.ResultsSingle locus analysis in pooled and ethnically stratified subjects revealed no association between each of the three variants of the TPH2 gene with susceptibility to MDD. Strong linkage disequilibrium was detected between rs1386495 and rs1386494 in pooled subjects; however, no significant association was found in the haplotype analysis.DiscussionsIn this study, we suggest that in both the Chinese and Indian populations, gender distribution differ significantly between cases and controls, showing that women are more at risk of developing MDD compared with men. Therefore, we suggest that the occurrence of MDD in both Chinese and Indians in the Malaysian population may be influenced by gender.
In vitro adhesion of fibroblastic cells to titanium alloy discs treated with sodium hydroxide
Authors: Al Mustafa Maisa , Agis Hermann , Müller Heinz‐Dieter , Watzek Georg , Gruber Reinhard 
Published: December 2013

AbstractObjectiveAdhesion of osteogenic cells on titanium surfaces is a prerequisite for osseointegration. Alkali treatment can increase the hydrophilicity of titanium implant surfaces, thereby supporting the adhesion of blood components. However, it is unclear if alkali treatment also supports the adhesion of cells with a fibroblastic morphology to titanium.Materials and methodsHere, we have used a titanium alloy (Ti‐6AL‐4V) processed by alkali treatment to demonstrate the impact of hydrophilicity on the adhesion of primary human gingival fibroblast and bone cells. Also included were the osteosarcoma and fibroblastoma cell lines, MG63 and L929, respectively. Cell adhesion was determined by scanning electron microscopy. We also measured viability, proliferation, and protein synthesis of the adherent cells.ResultsAlkali treatment increased the adhesion of gingival fibroblasts, bone cells, and the two cell lines when seeded onto the titanium alloy surface for 1 h. At 3 h, no significant changes in cell adhesion were observed. Cells grown for 1 day on the titanium alloy surfaces processed by alkali treatment behave similarly to untreated controls with regard to viability, proliferation, and protein synthesis.ConclusionBased on these preliminary In vitro findings, we conclude that alkali treatment can support the early adhesion of cells with fibroblastic characteristics to a titanium alloy surface.
Multidimensional evaluation of vocal quality in children with cochlear implants: a cross‐sectional, case‐controlled study
Authors: Hsu H.‐W. , Fang T.‐J. , Lee L.‐A. , Tsou Y.‐T. , Chen S.H. , Wu C.‐M. 
Published: December 2013

ObjectivesThis study aimed to compare the differences in vocal quality between Mandarin‐speaking children with cochlear implants and normal‐hearing peers and to understand which cochlear implant usage parameters may predict unfavourable voice outcomes.DesignA cross‐sectional, case‐controlled study.SettingA tertiary medical centre.ParticipantsThirty‐five pre‐lingually deaf children (age = 10.3 ± 1.6 years; 17 boys and 18 girls) who had used cochlear implants for >2 years and 35 age‐ and gender‐matched controls with normal hearing.Main outcome measuresThrough sustained phonation of /a/ and reading of the Hare and Tortoise passage, the subjects' voice quality was analysed with aerodynamics and acoustics. A six‐point scale was used for auditory‐perceptual evaluation. A Pediatric Voice‐Related Quality of Life Survey was filled out by the caregivers.ResultsThe implanted subjects had significantly lower mean airflow rate (P = 0.006), higher phonation threshold pressure (P < 0.001), higher fundamental frequency variations (P < 0.001) and peak‐amplitude variations (P < 0.001), wider fundamental frequency range (P = 0.043), wider speaking intensity range (P = 0.015) and greater perceptual severity level of monotone (P < 0.001), resonance (P < 0.001), loudness (P < 0.001) and strain (P = 0.006) than their normal‐hearing peers. Duration of postoperative rehabilitation was an independent predictor of unfavourable mean speaking fundamental frequency (odds ratio = 8.56, P = 0.008).ConclusionInadequate postoperative rehabilitation may hinder the normalisation of Mandarin‐speaking implantees' voice quality. A multidimensional analysis may precisely evaluate the voice of paediatric implantees; however, the generalisability of these findings requires different forms of validation, including data from other languages and other institutions.
Use of Ancient Sedimentary DNA as a Novel Conservation Tool for High‐Altitude Tropical Biodiversity
Authors: BOESSENKOOL SANNE , MCGLYNN GAYLE , EPP LAURA S. , TAYLOR DAVID , PIMENTEL MANUEL , GIZAW ABEL , NEMOMISSA SILESHI , BROCHMANN CHRISTIAN , POPP MAGNUS 
Published: December 2013

AbstractConservation of biodiversity may in the future increasingly depend upon the availability of scientific information to set suitable restoration targets. In traditional paleoecology, sediment‐based pollen provides a means to define preanthropogenic impact conditions, but problems in establishing the exact provenance and ecologically meaningful levels of taxonomic resolution of the evidence are limiting. We explored the extent to which the use of sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) may complement pollen data in reconstructing past alpine environments in the tropics. We constructed a record of afro‐alpine plants retrieved from DNA preserved in sediment cores from 2 volcanic crater sites in the Albertine Rift, eastern Africa. The record extended well beyond the onset of substantial anthropogenic effects on tropical mountains. To ensure high‐quality taxonomic inference from the sedaDNA sequences, we built an extensive DNA reference library covering the majority of the afro‐alpine flora, by sequencing DNA from taxonomically verified specimens. Comparisons with pollen records from the same sediment cores showed that plant diversity recovered with sedaDNA improved vegetation reconstructions based on pollen records by revealing both additional taxa and providing increased taxonomic resolution. Furthermore, combining the 2 measures assisted in distinguishing vegetation change at different geographic scales; sedaDNA almost exclusively reflects local vegetation, whereas pollen can potentially originate from a wide area that in highlands in particular can span several ecozones. Our results suggest that sedaDNA may provide information on restoration targets and the nature and magnitude of human‐induced environmental changes, including in high conservation priority, biodiversity hotspots, where understanding of preanthropogenic impact (or reference) conditions is highly limited.Uso de ADN Sedimentario Antiguo como una Herramienta Novedosa de Conservación para la Biodiversidad Tropical de Grandes Altitudes
Occupational contact dermatitis in hairdressers: an analysis of patch test data from the Danish Contact Dermatitis Group, 2002–2011
Authors: Schwensen Jakob F. , Johansen Jeanne D. , Veien Niels K. , Funding Anne T. , Avnstorp Christian , Østerballe Morten , Andersen Klaus E. , Paulsen Evy , Mortz Charlotte G. , Sommerlund Mette , Danielsen Anne , Andersen Bo L. , Thormann Jens , Kristensen Ove , Kristensen Berit , Vissing Susanne , Nielsen Niels H. , Thyssen Jacob P. , Søsted Heidi 
Published: December 2013

SummaryBackgroundOccupational contact dermatitis among hairdressers is frequent, owing to daily exposure to irritants and allergens.ObjectivesTo identify sensitization to the most common allergens associated with the occupation of hairdressing.MethodsPatch test results of 399 hairdressers and 1995 matched controls with contact dermatitis, registered by the Danish Contact Dermatitis Group between January 2002 and December 2011, were analysed. All patients were patch tested with the European baseline series, and hairdressers were additionally tested with the hairdressing series.ResultsOccupational contact dermatitis (p < 0.001) and hand eczema (p < 0.001) were observed significantly more often among hairdressers than among controls. Atopic dermatitis was less commonly observed among hairdressers (21.3%) than among controls (29.4%) (p < 0.01). Allergens from the European baseline series with a statistically significant association with the occupation of hairdressing were p‐phenylenediamine, thiuram mix, and benzocaine. Frequent sensitizers from the hairdressing series were ammonium persulfate, toluene‐2,5‐diamine, 3‐aminophenol, and 4‐aminophenol. Cysteamine hydrochloride and chloroacetamide emerged as new sensitizers.ConclusionsThese results indicate a healthy worker effect among hairdressers diagnosed with eczema. Ammonium persulfate and p‐phenylenediamine remain frequent sensitizers in hairdressers with contact dermatitis. Cysteamine hydrochloride and chloroacetamide should be included in future surveillance studies.