bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term follow-up and suboptimal treatment rates of treatment-eligible chronic hepatitis B patients in diverse practice settings: a gap in linkage to care
Authors: Vu Vinh D , Do Ailinh , Nguyen Nghia H , Kim Lily H , Trinh Huy N , Nguyen Huy A , Nguyen Khanh K , Nguyen My , Huynh Andrew , Nguyen Mindie H 
Published: October 2015

Background and aimsDespite available effective therapies, only a minority of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) receive treatment. Our goal is to study treatment rates and time to treatment initiation in patients who meet treatment criteria on long-term follow-up.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of 608 consecutive treatment-eligible patients with CHB (by 2008 US Panel or 2009 American Association for the Study of Liver Disease (AASLD) criteria) at a US community gastroenterology clinic and a university liver clinic between 2007 and 2011. Patients were observed until they started treatment or last follow-up if untreated.ResultsMean age was 44 and most were Asian (96%) with community patients being younger and having lower alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. A total of 62% started treatment, and 38% remained untreated after median follow-up of 17 months (IQR=1–40 months). Overall, treatment rate was significantly higher at university liver clinic than in the community (66.7% vs 59.9%, p=0.01). In multivariate analysis, older age (HR 1.02, p=0.002), male gender (HR 1.37, p=0.02), and baseline ALT >45 U/L for males and >29 U/L for females (HR 2.24, p<0.0001) were significant predictors of treatment initiation, but not practice setting.ConclusionsApproximately 40% of treatment-eligible patients still have not started treatment on longer follow-up. Treatment rates were higher at university clinics, but practice setting was not a predictor for treatment, but older age, male gender, and higher ALT levels were. Further studies are needed to determine the barriers for treatment initiation and to improve treatment rates in treatment-eligible patients.
‘A Splendid Position’: The life, achievements and contradictions of Sir Arthur Smith Woodward 1864–1944
Authors: Shindler Karolyn , Smith Mike 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Arthur Smith Woodward commanded international respect and acclaim. He was honoured in scientific circles from Russia to the Americas and throughout Europe, particularly for his outstanding work on fossil fish. He was distinguished in both his exceptional abilities as a vertebrate palaeontologist and in his tall, authoritative presence. He appeared confident, contained and in control, while his intellectual gifts had been apparent from a very early age. He was a remarkable scientist, but a man whose reputation has for too long been seen through the prism of the Piltdown forgery.
Lady Smith Woodward's memories: introduction
Authors: Smith Mike , Shindler Karolyn 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
When Sir Arthur Smith Woodward began to lose his sight around 1940, his wife Maud persuaded him to record his memoirs. When he died in 1944, they were incomplete and Lady Smith Woodward added her own reminiscences to them with a view to having the whole published. It was not, and the manuscript was donated to the Museum by their daughter Margaret in 1966. These ‘Memories’ are now being made available online for the first time. They provide an invaluable insight into the lives of this eminent scientist and his wife, his constant companion through 50 years of marriage.

Supplementary material:

Lady Smith Woodward's original typed manuscript has been transcribed, with footnotes and a few illustrations added. It is available at:
www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18867
Arthur Smith Woodward, Florentino Ameghino and the first Jurassic ‘Sea Crocodile’ from South America
Authors: Steel Lorna , Buffetaut Eric 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

The Natural History Museum (NHMUK) fossil reptile collections contain a set of specimens sent to Arthur Smith Woodward in 1908 by the Argentinian palaeontologist, Florentino Ameghino. This collection includes a skull and other material of
Cricosaurus
, a metriorhynchid thalattosuchian (or ‘sea crocodile’), a group of marine crocodylomorphs that existed from at least the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. Handwritten labels in Spanish, probably by Ameghino, and notes in English signed by Smith Woodward are still with the specimens. Using Ameghino and Smith Woodward's correspondence to investigate the history of the specimens, we have determined that they came from the Vaca Muerta Formation of the Neuquén Basin in Patagonia, they were in the fossil collection of the Museo Nacional, Buenos Aires (MNBA) and that Ameghino loaned them to Smith Woodward for a study that was never published. Therefore, they will be returned to Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’, Buenos Aires. These fossils, although not the most impressive, are probably the first metriorhynchid material collected in South America.
Co-occurrence of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms and Solid Tumors Is Attributed to a Synergism Between Cytoreductive Therapy and the Common TERT Polymorphism rs2736100
Authors: Krahling Tunde , Balassa Katalin , Kiss Katalin Piroska , Bors Andras , Batai Arpad , Halm Gabriella , Egyed Miklos , Fekete Sandor , Remenyi Peter , Masszi Tamas , Tordai Attila , Andrikovics Hajnalka 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Background: The germline telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) rs2736100_C variant was identified as a susceptibility factor for a variety of solid tumors and recently for myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN).
Methods: LightCycler melting curve analysis was applied to detect risk alleles of TERT rs2736100_C and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) rs12343867_C tagging 46/1 haplotype in 584 BCR-ABL1–negative MPN, 308 acute, and 86 chronic myeloid leukemia (AML and CML) patients and 400 healthy individuals.
Results: TERT rs2736100_C showed an increased allele frequency in BCR-ABL1–negative MPN patients compared with controls (62.7%±2.8% vs. 48.8%±3.5%, P &lt; 0.0001) regardless of molecular background or disease type, but not in CML or AML. Combined TERT and JAK2 hetero- or homozygosity conferred even higher risk for classic MPN. Common complications (thrombosis, myelofibrosis, or leukemia) were not associated with the TERT variant; however, adverse survival was noted in TERT variant carrier polycythemia vera patients. MPN patients with the TERT CC genotype had a higher probability (44.4%) to die from solid tumors compared with TERT AC/AA individuals (5.3%; P = 0.004). TERT rs2736100_C carriers had increased risk of solid tumors independently from cytoreductive treatment [3.08 (1.03–9.26), P = 0.045].
Conclusions: TERT rs2736100_C polymorphism predisposes to the development of BCR-ABL1–negative MPN with the co-occurrence of solid tumors, especially with the usage of cytoreductive treatment.
Impact: The high frequency of TERT variant in the classic MPN population highlights the importance of the avoidance of long-term cytoreductive treatment in MPN patients. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(1); 98–104. ©2015 AACR.
Lenvatinib in Advanced, Radioactive Iodine–Refractory, Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Yeung Kay T. , Cohen Ezra E.W. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Management options are limited for patients with radioactive iodine refractory, locally advanced, or metastatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Prior to 2015, sorafenib, a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, was the only approved treatment and was associated with a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 11 months and overall response rate (ORR) of 12% in a phase III trial. Lenvatinib, a multikinase inhibitor with high potency against VEGFR and FGFR demonstrated encouraging results in phase II trials. Recently, the pivotal SELECT trial provided the basis for the FDA approval of lenvatinib as a second targeted therapy for these patients. Median PFS of 18.3 months in the lenvatinib group was significantly improved from 3.6 months in the placebo group, with an HR of 0.21 (95% confidence interval, 0.4–0.31; P &lt; 0.0001). ORR was also significantly increased in the lenvatinib arm (64.7%) compared with placebo (1.5%). In this article, we will review the molecular mechanisms of lenvatinib, the data from preclinical studies to the recent phase III clinical trial, and the biomarkers being studied to further guide patient selection and predict treatment response. Clin Cancer Res; 21(24); 5420–6. ©2015 AACR.
Modest Associations Between Electronic Health Record Use and Acute Myocardial Infarction Quality of Care and Outcomes
Authors: Enriquez Jonathan R. , de Lemos James A. , Parikh Shailja V. , Simon DaJuanicia N. , Thomas Laine E. , Wang Tracy Y. , Chan Paul S. , Spertus John A. , Das Sandeep R. 
Published: October 2015

Background—
In 2009, national legislation promoted wide-spread adoption of electronic health records (EHRs) across US hospitals; however, the association of EHR use with quality of care and outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unclear.

Methods and Results—

Data on EHR use were collected from the American Hospital Association Annual Surveys (2007–2010) and data on AMI care and outcomes from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Acute Coronary Treatment and Interventions Outcomes Network Registry-Get With The Guidelines. Comparisons were made between patients treated at hospitals with fully implemented EHR (n=43 527), partially implemented EHR (n=72 029), and no EHR (n=9270). Overall EHR use increased from 82.1% (183/223) hospitals in 2007 to 99.3% (275/277) hospitals in 2010. Patients treated at hospitals with fully implemented EHRs had fewer heparin overdosing errors (45.7% versus 72.8%;
P
<0.01) and a higher likelihood of guideline-recommended care (adjusted odds ratio, 1.40 [confidence interval, 1.07–1.84]) compared with patients treated at hospitals with no EHR. In non–ST-segment–elevation AMI, fully implemented EHR use was associated with lower risk of major bleeding (adjusted odds ratio, 0.78 [confidence interval, 0.67–0.91]) and mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 0.82 [confidence interval, 0.69–0.97]) compared with no EHR. In ST-segment–elevation MI, outcomes did not significantly differ by EHR status.

Conclusions—
EHR use has risen to high levels among hospitals in the National Cardiovascular Data Registry. EHR use was associated with less frequent heparin overdosing and modestly greater adherence to acute MI guideline-recommended therapies. In non–ST-segment–elevation MI, slightly lower adjusted risk of major bleeding and mortality were seen in hospitals implemented with full EHRs; however, in ST-segment–elevation MI, differences in outcomes were not seen.
Cardiac Diseases Following Childhood Cancer Treatment
Authors: Haddy Nadia , Diallo Stéphanie , El-Fayech Chiraz , Schwartz Boris , Pein François , Hawkins Mike , Veres Cristina , Oberlin Odile , Guibout Catherine , Pacquement Hélène , Munzer Martine , N’Guyen Tan Dat , Bondiau Pierre-Yves , Berchery Delphine , Laprie Anne , Scarabin Pierre-Yves , Jouven Xavier , Bridier André , Koscielny Serge , Deutsch Eric , Diallo Ibrahima , de Vathaire Florent 
Published: October 2015

Background—
Cardiac disease (CD) is one of the major side effects of childhood cancer therapy, but until now little has been known about the relationship between the heart radiation dose (HRD) received during childhood and the risk of CD.

Methods and Results—
The cohort comprised 3162 5-year survivors of childhood cancer. Chemotherapy information was collected and HRD was estimated. There were 347 CDs in 234 patients, 156 of them were rated grade ≥3. Cox and Poisson regression models were used. The cumulative incidence of any type of CD at 40 years of age was 11.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.5–12.7) and 7·4% (95% CI, 6.2–8.9) when only the CDs of grade ≥3 were considered. In comparison with patients who received no anthracycline and either no radiotherapy or an HRD<0·1Gy, the risk was multiplied by 18·4 (95% CI, 7.1–48.0) in patients who had received anthracycline and no radiotherapy or a HRD <0.1Gy, by 60.4 (95% CI, 22.4–163.0) in those who had received no anthracycline and an HRD≥30Gy, and 61.5 (95% CI, 19.6–192.8) in those who had received both anthracycline and an HRD≥30Gy.

Conclusions—
Survivors of childhood cancers treated with radiotherapy and anthracycline run a high dose-dependent risk of developing CD. CDs develop earlier in patients treated with anthracycline than in those treated without it.
Comparison of the performance of Anyplex II HPV HR, the Cobas 4800 human papillomavirus test and Hybrid Capture 2
Authors: Lee Do-Hoon , Hwang Na Rae , Lim Myong Cheol , Yoo Chong Woo , Joo Jungnam , Kim Joo-Young , Park Sang-Yoon , Hwang Sang-Hyun 
Published: October 2015

Background Anyplex II HPV HR (Anyplex_HR; Seegene, Seoul, Korea) is a new multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for screening cervical cancer, and it is designed to detect 14 high-risk human papillomaviruses along with all the genotype information in a single tube. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Anyplex_HR in comparison to that of the Cobas 4800 HPV (Cobas_4800; Roche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA, USA) and the Hybrid capture 2 (HC2; Qiagen GmbH, Hilden, Germany). Methods The performance of the Anyplex_HR for high-risk human papillomavirus genotype detection was prospectively evaluated against that of the HC2 and the Cobas_4800 at the National Cancer Center using 400 cervical samples. All discrepant samples were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction with type-specific primers followed by sequencing. Results The overall agreement and kappa value of the Anyplex_HR with the Cobas_4800 were 98.0% and 0.96, respectively. The level of agreement between the two assays and the corresponding kappa values for human papillomavirus16, human papillomavirus18 and other high-risk human papillomaviruses were 99.5%, 99.8% and 98.8%, and 0.98, 0.96 and 0.97, respectively. The agreement and kappa value of the HC2 with the Cobas_4800 were 95.3% and 0.91. The human papillomavirus positivity of the Anyplex_HR and the Cobas_4800 in low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion/high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion samples demonstrated 100% concordance. Both the Anyplex_HR and the Cobas_4800 showed excellent results in the precision test. Conclusions The Anyplex_HR is comparable with the Cobas_4800 and the HC2 for human papillomavirus DNA testing, and it may prove more useful for follow-up testing and patient management by providing genotyping information additional to human papillomavirus16 and human papillomavirus18.
Evaluation, Treatment, and Rehabilitation Implications of the Infrapatellar Fat Pad
Authors: Hannon Joseph , Bardenett Sean , Singleton Steven , Garrison J. Craig 
Published: October 2015

Context: The infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) is in the anterior knee compartment and may be a major pain generator. Evidence Acquisition: A PubMed database search using the terms Hoffas fat pad, anterior interval, and infrapatellar fat pad was performed from the years 1970 to 2015. Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 5. Results: Limited research exists examining the role of the IFP in relation to potential treatment and rehabilitation implications. Conclusions: Alterations in IFP mobility, whether the result of postsurgical scarring or faulty movement patterns, result in pain and disability in a variety of patient populations. The majority of treatment approaches are driven by the surgical technique.
A note on fixed point theory for cyclic φ-contractions
Authors: Radenović Stojan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we consider, discuss, improve, and complement recent fixed points results for mappings satisfying cyclical contractive conditions established by Pacurar and Rus (Nonlinear Anal. 72:1181-1187, 2010) and Chandok and Postolache (Fixed Point Theory Appl. 2013:28, 2013). By using a new lemma we get much shorter and nicer proofs of some results with the new concept of mappings.
Reduction Processes in Biosynthesis of Chlorophyll Molecules: Chemical Implication of Enzymatically Regio- and Stereoselective Hydrogenations in the Late Stages of Their Biosynthetic Pathway
Authors: Tamiaki Hitoshi , Teramura Misato , Tsukatani Yusuke 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Photosynthetically active chlorophyll molecules are biosynthesized from 5-aminolevulinic acid through protoporphyrin IX. The multistep enzymatic transformations were well investigated, but their pathways and reaction mechanisms have not been fully elucidated in the late stages. The biosynthetic pathways of (bacterio)chlorophylls from protoporphyrin IX are here described from a chemical viewpoint, especially focusing on the reduction processes of the C=C double to C–C single bonds. The regioselective and stereoselective trans-hydrogenation is performed in the enzymatic reductions.
Effect of Support Material on Production of Fructosyl-stevioside Using Immobilized β-Fructofuranosidase
Authors: Takahashi Atsushi , Toro Fiorella Patricia Cardenas , Shibasaki-Kitakawa Naomi , Yonemoto Toshikuni 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Transfructosylation of stevioside with sucrose was performed using β-fructofuranosidase immobilized on a variety of porous resins. The productivity of fructosyl-stevioside on the high-porosity resin was markedly higher than on the other resin types, suggesting that the pores in the high-porosity resin play a role in local specific reactions.
syn-Dicyclopenta[b,g]naphthalene-1,8-dione and Its Tetracyanoquinodimethane Derivative: New Electron Acceptors Bearing a π-Extended Indacene Unit
Authors: Irie Hironobu , Nishida Jun-ichi , Kitamura Chitoshi , Kurata Hiroyuki , Kawase Takeshi 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
π-Extended indacene dione and its bis(dicyanomethylidene) (BDCM) derivative bearing a naphthalene unit were first synthesized by the reaction of benzamides with 3,6-dilithio-2,7-di(phenylethynyl)naphthalene. X-ray crystallographic analyses of the dione and BDCM reveal nearly planar fused ring systems. The BDCM exhibits high electron affinity and n-type semiconducting behavior.
A hydrophobic proclivity index for protein alignments
Authors: Cavanaugh David , Chittur Krishnan 
Published: October 2015

Sequence alignment algorithms are fundamental to modern bioinformatics. Sequence alignments are widely used in diverse applications such as phylogenetic analysis, database searches for related sequences to aid identification of unknown protein domain structures and classification of proteins and protein domains. Additionally, alignment algorithms are integral to the location of related proteins to secure understanding of unknown protein functions, to suggest the folded structure of proteins of unknown structure from location of homologous proteins and/or by locating homologous domains of known 3D structure. For proteins, alignment algorithms depend on information about amino acid substitutions that allows for matching sequences that are similar, but not exact. When primary sequence percent identity falls below about 25%, algorithms often fail to identify proteins that may have similar 3D structure. We have created a hydrophobicity scale and a matching dynamic programming algorithm called TMATCH (unpublished report) that is able to match proteins with remote homologs with similar secondary/tertiary structure, even with very low primary sequence matches. In this paper, we describe how we arrived at the hydrophobic scale, how it provides much more information than percent identity matches and some of the implications for better alignments and understanding protein structure.
Keratin gel in the management of Epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Denyer J. , Marsh C. , Kirsner R. S. 
Published: October 2015

Objective: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) describes a number of genetically inherited conditions which cause skin fragility and minor trauma leading to skin damage, skin loss and wounding. Owing to the fragility of the skin and requirement for frequent dressing changes, at present, the optimal dressing(s) is not clear. Our objective was to assess the use of a keratin gel in the management of wounds in patients with different forms of EB. Method: We treated patients with different types of EB and a range of wounds with a novel keratin gel. In a convenience sample of consecutive patients, we introduced the keratin gel into their treatment regimen maintaining other aspects of their care. Results: Patients reported faster healing and more resilient healed skin. Of the ten patients treated in this pilot study, six found the gel effective; two found it ineffective; and in two patients, it caused itching leading to discontinuation of the treatment. Conclusion: The results of this case study series suggest that keratin gel can be useful in the management of EB and are consistent with previous published experiences.
Comparative trial of Aloe vera/olive oil combination cream versus phenytoin cream in the treatment of chronic wounds
Authors: Panahi Y. , Izadi M. , Sayyadi N. , Rezaee R. , Jonaidi-Jafari N. , Beiraghdar F. , Zamani A. , Sahebkar A. 
Published: October 2015

Objective: Aloe vera is a medicinal plant that has been traditionally used to accelerate wound healing. Olive oil is also a natural product that may contribute to wound healing owing to its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of an Aloe vera–olive oil (AVO) combination cream on the healing process of chronic wounds. Method: In this randomised, double-blind, comparator-controlled, parallel-group trial, patients with chronic wounds were treated with either AVO cream or phenytoin cream as the standard treatment for a period of 30 days. Wound healing was evaluated using Bates-Jensen assessment tool and the severity of pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: After initial assessment, 60 patients with chronic wounds (41 with pressure ulcer, 13 with diabetic wounds and 6 with venous ulcers), were recruited and randomised into 2 groups of 30. After 30 days of treatment, significant improvements in the wound size, depth, and edges; necrotic tissue type and amount; exudate type and amount; colour of wound surroundings; and peripheral tissue oedema score were observed in the AVO cream group (p<0.001). The total score of wound healing showed significant improvement with both AVO (p<0.001) and phenytoin (p<0.01) creams, although AVO was more efficacious (p<0.001). Likewise, although both treatments reduced the initial VAS score, the efficacy of AVO was significantly greater (p<0.001). Conclusion: AVO cream significantly accelerates biological healing of chronic wounds and helps to reduce pain severity with a higher efficacy compared with phenytoin cream.
Hungarian women toe the line: How Communist propaganda parallels corporate advertising
Authors: Medvedev Katalin 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This article suggests that fashion communication, especially fashion advertising, is a form of propaganda, and that propaganda is sometimes disguised as a form of sartorial communication. Just as advertisers and marketers in modern corporate societies use propaganda to mobilize a target audience and to sell goods infinitely, early Communism in Hungary set its sights on women and sought to generate its ideology and practices through them. Understanding the social importance of fashion for women and aspiring to win over an apolitical female citizenry, Hungarian Communists chose a women’s magazine, Asszonyok, which existed from 1945 to 1949, to help deliver its propaganda messages. This article also discusses examples of fashion communication in Asszonyok, with special focus on shoes, to show that the Communist Party regime in Hungary used sartorial symbolism as a primary tool of political persuasion aimed at women.