bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mid- to long-term outcomes of a medial-pivot system for primary total knee replacement
Authors: Fitch D. A. , Sedacki K. , Yang Y. 
Published: October 2014

ObjectivesThis systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the mid- to long-term clinical outcomes for a medial-pivot total knee replacement (TKR) system. The objectives were to synthesise available survivorship, Knee Society Scores (KSS), and reasons for revision for this system.MethodsA systematic search was conducted of two online databases to identify sources of survivorship, KSS, and reasons for revision. Survivorship results were compared with values in the National Joint Registry of England, Wales, and Northern Ireland (NJR).ResultsA total of eight studies that included data for 1146 TKRs performed in six countries satisfied the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Pooled component survivorship estimates were 99.2% (95% CI, 97.7 to 99.7) and 97.6% (95% CI, 95.8 to 98.6) at five and eight years, respectively. Survivorship was similar or better when compared with rates reported for all cemented TKRs combined in the NJR and was significantly better than some insert types at mid-term intervals. The weighted mean post-operative KSS was 87.9 (73.2 to 94.2), in the excellent range. Similar cumulative revision rates and KSS were reported at centres in the United States, Europe, and Asia.ConclusionsThe subject system was associated with survivorship and KSS similar or better than that reported for other TKR systems. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2014;3:297–304
Reprogramming the hand: Bridging the craft skills gap in 3D/digital fashion knitwear design
Authors: Taylor Jane , Townsend Katherine 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Designer-makers have integrated a wide range of digital media and tools into their practices, many taking ownership of a specific technology or application and learning how to use it for themselves, often drawing on their experiential knowledge of established practices to do so. To date, there has been little discussion on how digital knitting practice has evolved within this context, possibly due to the complexity of the software, limited access to industrial machinery and the fact that it seems divorced from the idea of ‘craft’. Despite the machine manufacturers’ efforts to make knitting technology and software more user-friendly, the digital interface remains a significant barrier to knitwear designer-makers, generally only accessed via experienced technicians. This article focuses on how this issue is being explored through practice-led research being undertaken by Jane Taylor at Nottingham Trent University. The investigation is a response to a skills gap between knitwear designers and the latest flatbed knitting technology and is grounded within the researcher’s experience as both a knitwear designer and technologist. Through her practice, Taylor explores how the Shima Seiki SDS1 CAD system can be used as a design tool, in order to use the SWG (3D Knit) machines more creatively. Specialist training has built on the researcher’s tacit understanding of hand/machine knitting and pattern cutting, her established craft practice, where constant iterations can be made during the textile and shape creation stage. By reprogramming the hand, this research proposes a craft-based methodology that reverses the traditional relationship between making and technology, placing crafting at the centre of creative design practice where it can be applied to support and further the potential of advanced technology. This article is a revised version of a paper that was first presented by the authors at The First International Conference on Digital Fashion, at London College of Fashion in May 2013.
How to visualize design? Pupils’ experiences of designing in a textile craft project
Authors: Räisänen Riikka 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In order to ideate a novel craft product and be able to discuss it with a teacher, a pupil must use some kind of elucidation technique to demonstrate his or her idea. Commonly, a piece of white paper and a pencil are used for this purpose, which often results in elucidating their idea with an illustration the size of a postage stamp. However, there are other possibilities for the visualization of a design idea. This article discusses different approaches to visualization and elucidation. The research aim was to investigate what effect the designing process, in particular the techniques for elucidating an idea, had on the final product, and on the pupils’ conception of the process. Data were collected from three design cases in textile craft education. The results indicated that, through art education, the pupils discovered visualization and elucidation techniques that were previously unknown to them and that they would not have thought of themselves. When applying the new techniques, the pupils concentrated more on the idea and the feeling of the illustration than on the details. The study shows that rough techniques seem to offer pupils a stronger visualization method and lower their threshold for creating. The outcomes may be useful for teachers when planning craft projects that include a complete craft process that promotes pupils’ own creativity and ideas. Through a well-planned craft project, it is possible to combine knowledge of different school subjects and promote skills that are essential in overall learning and education.
String figures matter: Embodied knowledge in action
Authors: Eastop Dinah 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Understanding the interaction of maker and what is made is important for craft research. The position taken in this article is that the making of string figures (sometimes known as cat’s cradles) provides a useful model of, and for, the interaction between maker and what is made. String figures are both artefacts and representations, and making them is a process of embodiment and enacted knowledge.
Creating a new city centre with craft-based public art
Authors: Turpeinen Outi 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Why is public art connected to city planning significant? How can history inspire public art? This article discusses an ongoing public art project from 2010–2016 (intended completion), which aims to reform a city centre in Tikkurila, Vantaa, Finland. The analysed project is a case study, where the presented craft artists’ methods include new collaborations, processes and ideas when working with industry. The article also intertwines other relevant studies in order to demonstrate the value of working with a team of artists. The aim of this article is to open up the process of how to create a city centre that will encourage people together in their everyday encounters. The article also discusses the benefits of public art. In the artist’s studio, working with various materials is common for many craft artists. What happened when in 2010, four contemporary craft artists were invited to create public art in a city centre, which is originally from the 1950s? In this embedded public art project, the history of the area is being used as a starting point for site-specific artworks that forms a new platform of stories and meanings for the area. This article shows the value of cooperation between multiple actors, such as city officials, public art curators, city-planning consultants, builders, lighting designers, environmental architects and an artist team. The article also discusses the value of working as a team of artists, and especially how the actual group work was vital for this project.
Personal anchor points in the development of craft/digital research practice
Authors: Wallace Jayne 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Jayne Wallace reflects on key people, projects and influences that have enabled her to develop her craft and research practice as a digital jeweller. She describes a selection of projects that relate to the body’s extended agency through jewellery objects and how she attempts to reconcile bringing jewellery and digital technologies together whilst avoiding making gadgets or objects that have very limited lifespans due to our preconceived ideas of what digital devices are. She discusses some of the dynamics of how she works in hybrid teams with technologists to create the work and highlights key philosophical positionings that underpin the development of work into areas concerned with supporting personhood, sense of self and well-being. Central to the work is the aim of making pieces that have positive personal meanings for the people she makes them with and for, and she finally reflects on how co-creativity has become very important in her collaborations with technologists and also with participants in the research process.
Exhibition review
Authors: Sissons Juliana 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Conceptual approaches to pattern cutting: A review of ‘Block Party: Contemporary craft inspired by the art of the tailor’
A Crafts Council Touring Exhibition, Orleans House, Twickenham, Surrey, UK, 27 July 2013–29 September 2013 (UK tour dates: 14 January 2012–24 January 2014)
Inside the outsider’s ear – hyperacousia and marginalized character identification
Authors: O’Meara Jennifer 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this article, Michel Chion’s notion of hyperacousia (a character’s hypersensitivity to sounds, including inaudible ones) is used as the basis of analysis for sound design in The Unbelievable Truth (1989) by Hartley and Greenberg (2010) by Baumbach. I argue for the significance of hyperacousia to film character construction, as well as audience identification with these fictional personalities. In particular, I consider point-of-audition as a counterpart to point-of-view shots. Murray Smith’s cognitive approach to character identification is drawn on and developed from the perspective of the audioviewer’s access to subjective sound. Hyperacousia is suggested as a valuable channel for audience identification with a character, particularly marginalized ones, as well as a means through which sound can create an increased sense of interiority, something generally considered difficult to achieve in cinema. I argue that, in both films, a feature is made of the subtle sound effects, and that dialogue plays an important role in signposting these for the audience.
DOT, a videogame with no winner
Authors: Roscoe Henrique 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Dot, a videogame with no winner (2011) is an audio-visual performance with synchronized sounds and images, played by a ‘game console’ built and programmed by the author, and controlled by retro videogame (Nintendo) joysticks. The instrument is completely autonomous and works without the need of a computer, using only a projector and a sound system to play its content. Five people from the audience are invited to play the performance along with me, adding a random aspect so that I no longer have complete control of the work. This article passes through the complete creative process of the performance, showing the artistic concept, aesthetic considerations and some generative techniques used to add some randomness to the process so that the show is different each time it is performed.
Silence observed in the Jesus cage
Authors: Reese Abbie 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
From nine years of research and hundreds of hours of video footage, audio interviews, and still photographs, Chosen (Custody of the Eyes) is Abbie’s feature-length documentary-in-progress focusing on one woman: Heather, evolving over time, from one identity to another – Sister Amata – as she integrates into a religious order that follows an ancient rule. Chosen is a collaborative endeavour; Abbie lent HD video cameras to Heather/Sister Amata, a painter and former blogger, and to the nuns. Set within the enclosed community, Chosen (Custody of the Eyes) tracks the nuns’ public and private performances in a highly ritualistic space – a rich material culture focused on the spiritual realm; the liminal phase that is the process of becoming (Heather attempting to construct a new individual and cultural identity, and becoming Sister Amata); the belief that one is ‘chosen’ and questions of fate and agency; and the certainty of adopting the rigid lifestyle of an ancient rule, contrasted by the nuns’ acceptance that they will not know the results of their sacrifice until the afterlife.
While his guitar gently weeps: Memory, documentary and the music biopic
Authors: O’Meara Radha , Stevens Carolyn S. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In George Harrison: Living in the Material World (2011), Martin Scorsese creates a homage not only to the ‘great man’, but also to the memories of the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s as seen through the eyes of those who shaped the era, represented through a palimpsest provided by contemporary media, memoirs and interviews. Although the documentary offers the authenticity of ‘insider’ accounts, it might be seen more usefully as a biopic, which chronicles broader historical movements through an individual’s story, and a meta-memoir, which self-consciously encourages the audience to reflect on their own achievements, failures and legacies. Rather than embedding this film in a conceptual framework of celebrity culture, we view the film with an emphasis on the affective dimension of historical representation through memory. The film can thus be seen as a work that refocuses the fans’ gaze from Harrison’s life back on themselves.
Sich zu dem, was man schon ist, erst machen zu müssen. Zur Logik von Personalität
Authors: Schürmann Volker 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
It is still controversial if and accordingly how the two aspects of the impossibility of the forfeiture of human dignity and the damage of dignity are compatible. The essential aim of the presented proposal is to illustrate the validity of a legal fact of basic law - here: of dignity and personality - as a process of becoming validity. That permits two emphases: The unquestionability of this validity is one of a conditional necessity, not an absolute necessity. And the process of becoming validity is no mere spelling out of a fixed actuality.
Solitons in Optical Metamaterials by Functional Variable Method and First Integral Approach
Authors: Biswas Anjan , Mirzazadeh M. , Eslami Mostafa , Milovic Daniela , Belic Milivoj 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis paper addresses soliton solutions in optical metamaterials by functional variable method and first integral approach. These integration schemes lead to bright and singular 1-soliton solution. Topological soliton solution is also revealed. Additionally, as a byproduct, singular periodic solutions and continuous waves are obtained. The corresponding constraint conditions are also listed for these variety of solutions to exist. Finally, a numerical simulation of the bright 1-soliton solution is given.
Small, smaller… dendritic spine
Authors: Pilo Boyl Pietro , Witke Walter 
Published: October 2014

Spines are highly motile protrusions emerging from the dendritic shafts of neurons. The dynamics of these post‐synaptic structures are ruled by actin filament turnover. However, our understanding of the mechanisms of actin polymerization in dendritic spines is quite ambiguous. A recent study by the Giannone laboratory (Chazeau et al, ) is now shedding some light on the peculiar features of actin polymerization in dendritic spines, which are distinct from the known canonical mechanisms.
Allelic expression mapping across cellular lineages to establish impact of non‐coding SNPs
Authors: Adoue Veronique , Schiavi Alicia , Light Nicholas , Almlöf Jonas Carlsson , Lundmark Per , Ge Bing , Kwan Tony , Caron Maxime , Rönnblom Lars , Wang Chuan , Chen Shu‐Huang , Goodall Alison H , Cambien Francois , Deloukas Panos , Ouwehand Willem H , Syvänen Ann‐Christine , Pastinen Tomi 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMost complex disease‐associated genetic variants are located in non‐coding regions and are therefore thought to be regulatory in nature. Association mapping of differential allelic expression (AE) is a powerful method to identify SNPs with direct cis‐regulatory impact (cis‐rSNPs). We used AE mapping to identify cis‐rSNPs regulating gene expression in 55 and 63 HapMap lymphoblastoid cell lines from a Caucasian and an African population, respectively, 70 fibroblast cell lines, and 188 purified monocyte samples and found 40–60% of these cis‐rSNPs to be shared across cell types. We uncover a new class of cis‐rSNPs, which disrupt footprint‐derived de novo motifs that are predominantly bound by repressive factors and are implicated in disease susceptibility through overlaps with GWAS SNPs. Finally, we provide the proof‐of‐principle for a new approach for genome‐wide functional validation of transcription factor–SNP interactions. By perturbing NFκB action in lymphoblasts, we identified 489 cis‐regulated transcripts with altered AE after NFκB perturbation. Altogether, we perform a comprehensive analysis of cis‐variation in four cell populations and provide new tools for the identification of functional variants associated to complex diseases.
Serum zonulin is elevated in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and correlates with insulin resistance and severity of anovulation
Authors: Zhang Dongmei , Zhang Li , Yue Fangzhi , Zheng Yingying , Russell Ryan 
Published: October 2014

ObjectiveEvidence suggests that increased gut permeability may be associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Human zonulin is currently the only physiological mediator known to reversibly regulate gut permeability by disassembling intestinal tight junctions. So far, no data on serum zonulin levels in patients with PCOS are available. This study aimed to determine circulating serum zonulin levels in women with PCOS and discuss the relationship between zonulin, insulin resistance, and menstrual disorders in this group.DesignA case–control study.MethodsThe study includes 78 women recently diagnosed with PCOS and 63 age-matched healthy controls recruited. Serum zonulin levels were determined by ELISA. Insulin resistance was assessed by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and Matsuda and DeFronzo's insulin sensitivity index (ISI).ResultsPCOS women had higher serum zonulin levels (P=0.022). After adjustment for age and BMI, zonulin levels significantly correlated with HOMA-IR and ISI. Furthermore, PCOS women with more severe menstrual disorders had significantly higher zonulin levels and displayed an inverse correlation between zonulin and the number of menstrual cycles per year (r=−0.398,P<0.001).ConclusionsSerum zonulin, a biomarker for gut permeability, is increased in PCOS women and correlates with insulin resistance and severity of menstrual disorders. It suggests that alterations in gut permeability may play a role in the pathophysiology of PCOS, and serum zonulin might be used as a biomarker for both risk stratification and therapeutic outcomes in PCOS women.
A critical evaluation of bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis in estimating body composition during GH treatment: comparison with bromide dilution and dual X-ray absorptiometry
Authors: Birzniece Vita , Khaw Chong-Hui , Nelson Anne E , Meinhardt Udo , Ho Ken K Y 
Published: October 2014

ObjectiveTo compare estimates by bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis (BIS) of extracellular water (ECW), fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) against standard techniques of bromide dilution and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) during intervention that causes significant changes in water compartments and body composition.MethodsBody composition analysis using BIS, bromide dilution, and DXA was performed in 71 healthy recreational athletes (43 men, 28 women; aged 18–40 years; BMI 24±0.4 kg/m2) who participated in a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study of GH and testosterone treatment. The comparison of BIS with bromide dilution and DXA was analyzed using linear regression and the Bland–Altman method.ResultsAt baseline, there was a significant correlation between BIS and bromide dilution-derived estimates for ECW, and DXA for FM and FFM (P<0.001). ECW by BIS was 3.5±8.1% lower compared with bromide dilution, while FM was 22.4±26.8% lower and FFM 13.7±7.5% higher compared with DXA (P<0.01). During treatment, the change in ECW was similar between BIS and bromide dilution, whereas BIS gave a significantly greater reduction in FM (19.4±44.8%) and a greater increase in FFM (5.6±3.0%) compared with DXA (P<0.01). Significant differences in body composition estimates between the BIS and DXA were observed only in men, particularly during the treatment that caused greatest change in water compartments and body composition.ConclusionIn healthy adults, bioimpedance spectroscopy is an acceptable tool for measuring ECW; however, BIS overestimates FFM and substantially underestimates FM compared with DXA.
Estimation of Epistatic Variance Components and Heritability in Founder Populations and Crosses
Authors: Young Alexander I , Durbin Richard 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Genetic association studies have explained only a small proportion of the estimated heritability of complex traits, leaving the remaining heritability “missing.” Genetic interactions have been proposed as an explanation for this, because they lead to overestimates of the heritability and are hard to detect. Whether this explanation is true depends on the proportion of variance attributable to genetic interactions, which is difficult to measure in outbred populations. Founder populations exhibit a greater range of kinship than outbred populations, which helps in fitting the epistatic variance. We extend classic theory to founder populations, giving the covariance between individuals due to epistasis of any order. We recover the classic theory as a limit, and we derive a recently proposed estimator of the narrow sense heritability as a corollary. We extend the variance decomposition to include dominance. We show in simulations that it would be possible to estimate the variance from pairwise interactions with samples of a few thousand from strongly bottlenecked human founder populations, and we provide an analytical approximation of the standard error. Applying these methods to 46 traits measured in a yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cross, we estimate that pairwise interactions explain 10% of the phenotypic variance on average and that third- and higher-order interactions explain 14% of the phenotypic variance on average. We search for third-order interactions, discovering an interaction that is shared between two traits. Our methods will be relevant to future studies of epistatic variance in founder populations and crosses.