bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computer‐supported implant planning and guided surgery: a narrative review
Authors: Vercruyssen Marjolein , Laleman Isabelle , Jacobs Reinhilde , Quirynen Marc 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimTo give an overview of the workflow from examination to planning and execution, including possible errors and pitfalls, in order to justify the indications for guided surgery.Material and methodsAn electronic literature search of the PubMed database was performed with the intention of collecting relevant information on computer‐supported implant planning and guided surgery.ResultsCurrently, different computer‐supported systems are available to optimize and facilitate implant surgery. The transfer of the implant planning (in a software program) to the operative field remains however the most difficult part. Guided implant surgery clearly reduces the inaccuracy, defined as the deviation between the planned and the final position of the implant in the mouth. It might be recommended for the following clinical indications: need for minimal invasive surgery, optimization of implant planning and positioning (i.e. aesthetic cases), and immediate restoration.ConclusionsThe digital technology rapidly evolves and new developments have resulted in further improvement of the accuracy. Future developments include the reduction of the number of steps needed from the preoperative examination of the patient to the actual execution of the guided surgery. The latter will become easier with the implementation of optical scans and 3D‐printing.
Digital technologies to support planning, treatment, and fabrication processes and outcome assessments in implant dentistry. Summary and consensus statements. The 4th EAO consensus conference 2015
Authors: Hämmerle Christoph H. F. , Cordaro Luca , van Assche Nele , Benic Goran I. , Bornstein Michael , Gamper Felix , Gotfredsen Klaus , Harris David , Hürzeler Marc , Jacobs Reinhilde , Kapos Theodoros , Kohal Ralf J. , Patzelt Sebastian B. M. , Sailer Irena , Tahmaseb Ali , Vercruyssen Marjolein , Wismeijer Daniel 
Published: September 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe task of this working group was to assess the existing knowledge in computer‐assisted implant planning and placement, fabrication of reconstructions applying computers compared to traditional fabrication, and assessments of treatment outcomes using novel imaging techniques.Material and methodsThree reviews were available for assessing the current literature and provided the basis for the discussions and the consensus report. One review dealt with the use of computers to plan implant therapy and to place implants in partially and fully edentulous patients. A second one focused on novel techniques and methods to assess treatment outcomes and the third compared CAD/CAM‐fabricated reconstructions to conventionally fabricated ones.ResultsThe consensus statements, the clinical recommendations, and the implications for research, all of them after approval by the plenum of the consensus conference, are described in this article. The three articles by Vercruyssen et al., Patzelt & Kohal, and Benic et al. are presented separately as part of the supplement of this consensus conference.
Long‐term stability of peri‐implant tissues after bone or soft tissue augmentation. Effect of zirconia or titanium abutments on peri‐implant soft tissues. Summary and consensus statements. The 4th EAO Consensus Conference 2015
Authors: Sicilia Alberto , Quirynen Marc , Fontolliet Alain , Francisco Helena , Friedman Anton , Linkevicius Tomas , Lutz Rainer , Meijer Henny J. , Rompen Eric , Rotundo Roberto , Schwarz Frank , Simion Massimo , Teughels Wim , Wennerberg Ann , Zuhr Otto 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIntroductionSeveral surgical techniques and prosthetic devices have been developed in the last decades, aiming to improve aesthetic, hygienic and functional outcomes that may affect the peri‐implant tissues, such as procedures of bone and soft tissue augmentation and the use of custom‐made abutments of titanium and zirconium.Materials and methodsThree systematic reviews, based on randomized clinical trials and prospective studies covering the above reported topics were analysed, and the detected evidence was exposed to interactive experts’ discussion during the group's and general assembly's meetings of the 4th EAO Consensus Conference. The results are reported using the following abbreviations: S‐T: short‐term evidence, M‐T: medium‐term evidence; L‐T: long‐term evidence; LE: limited evidence.ResultsSoft tissue augmentation procedures may be indicated for the increase of soft tissue thickness and keratinized tissue, the reduction of interproximal peri‐implant bone loss, and the coverage of shallow peri‐implant soft tissue recessions (S‐T, LE), L‐T is lacking. Guided bone regeneration approaches (GBR) showed efficacy when used for ridge reconstruction after the complete healing of the soft tissues (S‐T & L‐T), and the stability of the augmented bone may play a role in the maintenance of the soft tissue position and dimensions (LE). No significant differences were observed between titanium and zirconia abutments when evaluating probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, marginal bone levels and mucosal recessions. Zirconia abutments were associated with more biological complications but demonstrated superiority in terms of achieving natural soft tissue colour (S‐T).
Remote Ischemic Preconditioning‐Mediated Neuroprotection against Stroke is Associated with Significant Alterations in Peripheral Immune Responses
Authors: Liu Zong‐Jian , Chen Chen , Li Xiao‐Rong , Ran Yuan‐Yuan , Xu Tao , Zhang Ying , Geng Xiao‐Kun , Zhang Yu , Du Hui‐Shan , Leak Rehana K. , Ji Xun‐Ming , Hu Xiao‐Ming 
Published: September 2015

SummaryAimsRemote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) of a limb is a clinically feasible strategy to protect against ischemia–reperfusion injury after stroke. However, the mechanism underlying RIPC remains elusive.MethodsWe generated a rat model of noninvasive RIPC by four repeated cycles of brief blood flow constriction (5 min) in the hindlimbs using a tourniquet. Blood was collected 1 h after preconditioning and 3 days after brain reperfusion. The impact of RIPC on immune cell and cytokine profiles prior to and after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was assessed.ResultsRemote ischemic preconditioning protects against focal ischemia and preserves neurological functions 3 days after stroke. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that RIPC ameliorates the post‐MCAO reduction of CD3+CD8+ T cells and abolishes the reduction of CD3+/CD161a+ NKT cells in the blood. In addition, RIPC robustly elevates the percentage of B cells in peripheral blood, thereby reversing the reduction in the B‐cell population after stroke. RIPC also markedly elevates the percentage of CD43+/CD172a+ noninflammatory resident monocytes, without any impact on the percentage of CD43−/CD172a+ inflammatory monocytes. Finally, RIPC induces IL‐6 expression and enhances the elevation of TNF‐α after stroke.ConclusionOur results reveal dramatic immune changes during RIPC‐afforded neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia.
Ventilation tube insertion simulation: a literature review and validity assessment of five training models
Authors: Mahalingam S. , Awad Z. , Tolley N.S. , Khemani S. 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to identify and investigate the face and content validity of ventilation tube insertion (VTI) training models described in the literature.DesignA review of literature was carried out to identify articles describing VTI simulators. Feasible models were replicated and assessed by a group of experts.SettingPostgraduate simulation centre.ParticipantsExperts were defined as surgeons who had performed at least 100 VTI on patients. Seventeen experts were participated ensuring sufficient statistical power for analysis.Main outcome measuresA standardised 18‐item Likert‐scale questionnaire was used. This addressed face validity (realism), global and task‐specific content (suitability of the model for teaching) and curriculum recommendation.ResultsThe search revealed eleven models, of which only five had associated validity data. Five models were found to be feasible to replicate. None of the tested models achieved face or global content validity. Only one model achieved task‐specific validity, and hence, there was no agreement on curriculum recommendation.ConclusionsThe quality of simulation models is moderate and there is room for improvement. There is a need for new models to be developed or existing ones to be refined in order to construct a more realistic training platform for VTI simulation.
Great Barrier Reef No‐Take Areas Include a Range of Disturbance Regimes
Authors: Maynard Jeffrey A. , Beeden Roger , Puotinen Marjetta , Johnson Johanna E. , Marshall Paul , van Hooidonk Ruben , Heron Scott F. , Devlin Michelle , Lawrey Eric , Dryden Jen , Ban Natalie , Wachenfeld David , Planes Serge 
Published: September 2015

AbstractExposure to disturbance is rarely considered in marine protected area planning. Typically, representing and replicating the habitat types present within protected areas is used to spread the risk of protecting frequently disturbed sites. This was the approach used during the 2004 re‐zoning of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (GBRMP) via the Representative Areas Program. Over 10 years later, we examine whether the risk was spread by mapping exposure of coral reefs in the GBRMP to four disturbances that cause coral mortality: bleaching, tropical cyclones, crown‐of‐thorns starfish outbreaks, and freshwater inundation. Our objectives were to: (1) assess whether no‐take areas include a range of disturbance regimes, and (2) identify coral reef areas with lower relative exposure. At least 13% and an average of 31% of reef locations in each of 11 exposure classes are included within no‐take areas. A greater proportion of low‐exposure areas are within no‐take areas than high‐exposure areas (34.2% vs. 28.3%). The results demonstrate the value of risk spreading when exposure data are not available while also showing that regularly assessing exposure increases capacity for adaptive, resilience‐based reef management.
Thyroid hormone is required for pruning, functioning and long‐term maintenance of afferent inner hair cell synapses
Authors: Sundaresan Srividya , Kong Jee‐Hyun , Fang Qing , Salles Felipe T. , Wangsawihardja Felix , Ricci Anthony J. , Mustapha Mirna 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFunctional maturation of afferent synaptic connections to inner hair cells (IHCs) involves pruning of excess synapses formed during development, as well as the strengthening and survival of the retained synapses. These events take place during the thyroid hormone (TH)‐critical period of cochlear development, which is in the perinatal period for mice and in the third trimester for humans. Here, we used the hypothyroid Snell dwarf mouse (Pit1dw) as a model to study the role of TH in afferent type I synaptic refinement and functional maturation. We observed defects in afferent synaptic pruning and delays in calcium channel clustering in the IHCs of Pit1dw mice. Nevertheless, calcium currents and capacitance reached near normal levels in Pit1dw IHCs by the age of onset of hearing, despite the excess number of retained synapses. We restored normal synaptic pruning in Pit1dw IHCs by supplementing with TH from postnatal day (P)3 to P8, establishing this window as being critical for TH action on this process. Afferent terminals of older Pit1dw IHCs showed evidence of excitotoxic damage accompanied by a concomitant reduction in the levels of the glial glutamate transporter, GLAST. Our results indicate that a lack of TH during a critical period of inner ear development causes defects in pruning and long‐term homeostatic maintenance of afferent synapses.
Differential neuropsychological outcomes following targeted responsive neurostimulation for partial‐onset epilepsy
Authors: Loring David W. , Kapur Ritu , Meador Kimford J. , Morrell Martha J. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryObjectiveResponsive neurostimulation decreases the frequency of disabling seizures when used as an adjunctive therapy in patients with medically refractory partial‐onset seizures. The effect of long‐term responsive neurostimulation on neuropsychological performance has not yet been established.MethodsNeuropsychological data were collected from subjects participating in the open‐label arm of a randomized controlled trial of responsive neurostimulation with the RNS® System. Primary cognitive outcomes were the Boston Naming Test (BNT) and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning (AVLT) test. Neuropsychological performance was evaluated at baseline and again following 1 and 2 years of RNS System treatment. Follow‐up analyses were conducted in patients with seizure onset restricted to either the mesial temporal lobe or neocortex.ResultsNo significant cognitive declines were observed for any neuropsychological measure through 2 years. When examined as a function of seizure onset region, a double dissociation was found, with significant improvement in naming across all patients (p < 0.0001), and for patients with neocortical seizure onsets (p < 0.0001) but not in patients with mesial temporal lobe (MTL) seizure onsets (p = 0.679). In contrast, a significant improvement in verbal learning was observed across all patients (p = 0.03), and for patients with MTL seizure onsets (p = 0.005) but not for patients with neocortical onsets (p = 0.403).SignificanceTreatment with the RNS System is not associated with cognitive decline when tested through 2 years. In fact, there were small but significant beneficial treatment effects on naming in patients with neocortical onsets and modest improvements in verbal learning for patients with seizure onsets in MTL structures. These results suggest that there are modest cognitive improvements in some domains that vary as a function of the region from which seizures arise.
Greenhouse gas emissions and global warming potential of traditional and diversified tropical rice rotation systems
Authors: Weller Sebastian , Janz Baldur , Jörg Lena , Kraus David , Racela Heathcliff S. U. , Wassmann Reiner , Butterbach‐Bahl Klaus , Kiese Ralf 
Published: September 2015

AbstractGlobal rice agriculture will be increasingly challenged by water scarcity, while at the same time changes in demand (e.g. changes in diets or increasing demand for biofuels) will feed back on agricultural practices. These factors are changing traditional cropping patterns from double‐rice cropping to the introduction of upland crops in the dry season. For a comprehensive assessment of greenhouse gas (GHG) balances, we measured methane (CH4)/nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and agronomic parameters over 2.5 years in double‐rice cropping (R‐R) and paddy rice rotations diversified with either maize (R‐M) or aerobic rice (R‐A) in upland cultivation. Introduction of upland crops in the dry season reduced irrigation water use and CH4 emissions by 66–81% and 95–99%, respectively. Moreover, for practices including upland crops, CH4 emissions in the subsequent wet season with paddy rice were reduced by 54–60%. Although annual N2O emissions increased two‐ to threefold in the diversified systems, the strong reduction in CH4 led to a significantly lower (P < 0.05) annual GWP (CH4 + N2O) as compared to the traditional double‐rice cropping system. Measurements of soil organic carbon (SOC) contents before and 3 years after the introduction of upland crop rotations indicated a SOC loss for the R‐M system, while for the other systems SOC stocks were unaffected. This trend for R‐M systems needs to be followed as it has significant consequences not only for the GWP balance but also with regard to soil fertility. Economic assessment showed a similar gross profit span for R‐M and R‐R, while gross profits for R‐A were reduced as a consequence of lower productivity. Nevertheless, regarding a future increase in water scarcity, it can be expected that mixed lowland–upland systems will expand in SE Asia as water requirements were cut by more than half in both rotation systems with upland crops.
Can ficolin‐2 (L‐ficolin) insufficiency be established by a single serum protein measurement?
Authors: Kilpatrick D. C. , Świerzko A. S. , Sobociński M. , Krajewski W. , Chojnacka K. , Szczapa J. , Cedzyński M. 
Published: September 2015

SummarySerum ficolin‐2 was measured in multiple (2‐27) samples from 68 paediatric sepsis patients. Fourteen individuals (21%) gave values that included a change in status from ‘normal’ to ‘insufficient’ or vice versa. Therefore, if possible, ficolin‐2 concentration should be determined in samples obtained when a disease is inactive.
Association of complement factor B allotypes and serum biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis patients and their relatives
Authors: Nass F. R. , Skare T. L. , Goeldner I. , Nisihara R. , Messias‐Reason I. J. , Utiyama S. R. R. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryThe aim of the study was to investigate the allotypic variability of complement factor B (BF) in patients and relatives with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its association with serological biomarkers and clinical features of the disease. BF allotypes were determined by high‐voltage agarose gel electrophoresis in serum samples of 180 patients with RA, 198 relatives and 98 controls from Southern Brazil. Anticyclic citrullinated peptide (anti‐CCP), antimutated citrullinated vimentin (anti‐MCV) and IgA‐rheumatoid factor (RF) were determined by ELISA and IgM‐RF by latex agglutination in all samples. No significant differences were found in the allotypic variants of BF between patients with RA, relatives and controls, nor associations with gender and age of RA onset. BF*S07 allotype was significantly associated with extra‐articular manifestations (EAMs; Secondary Sjögren Syndrome, pneumonitis, rheumatoid nodules) in patients with RA (P = 0.02; OR = 6.62). Patients with phenotype BF F had lower positivity for anti‐MCV biomarker (P = 0.02; OR = 0.22) and those with allotype BF*S had higher prevalence of this autoantibody (P = 0.02; OR = 3.77). An increased frequency of RF‐IgA was detected in relatives of patients with RA with BF FS07 phenotype (P = 0.02; OR = 7.78). Complement BF variability did not influence the development of RA in the studied patients, but BF variants may act as markers of disease prognosis, such as development of EAMs, corroborating with the role of the alternative pathway in the pathogenesis of RA.
HLA‐A locus allelic dropout in Sanger sequence‐based typing due to the single nucleotide polymorphism of exon 1
Authors: Zhang W. , He Y. , Wang W. , Han Z. , He J. , Chen N. , Dong L. , Tao S. , He J. , Zhu F. , Lv H. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryThe DNA‐based method is used widely for HLA genotyping in routine work, but some allele may be dropout in the genotyping procedure. Here, we reported a case with HLA‐A allele dropout in the Sanger PCR‐SBT test. The initial PCR‐SBT method with a commercial agent kit was not characterized, and the result of Luminex technology indicated the dropout as a HLA‐A*02 allele. Subsequently, the sequences of exons 2–4 were fully matched with the A*02:07 and A*11:01:01 by allele group‐specific primer amplification PCR‐SBT. On further analysis, a novel allele A*02:07:07 was identified, which has one nucleotide difference from A*02:07:01 at position 6 C>G of exon 1. According to the sequencing for 5′‐UTR to 3′‐UTR, the novel single nucleotide polymorphism of exon 1 was contributed to HLA‐A locus allele dropout in the sample. Our results indicated multiplatform analysis is necessary when a conclusive HLA type cannot be determined by a single methodology.
Annual Research Review: Threats to the validity of child psychiatry and psychology
Authors: Rutter Michael , Pickles Andrew 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundSuggestions have been made that many claims concern false‐positive findings in the field of child psychology and psychiatry.FindingsThe literature was searched for concepts and findings on the validity of child psychiatry and psychology. Substantial progress has been made in some, but not all, areas and considerable challenges remain in all.ConclusionsThe two major threats to validity concern the inability to examine brain tissues in life and the evidence that there is a high overlap among disorders. We emphasize the need to follow published guidelines on preplanned analyses and we note the dangers associated with unregulated flexibility in data analysis. We note the very important clinical and developmental findings that have been ignored, perhaps partly because of an excessive focus on technologies. Nevertheless, we are positive about both the accomplishments and the ways in which challenges are being met.
Vermistella arctica n. sp. Nominates the Genus Vermistella as a Candidate for Taxon with Bipolar Distribution
Authors: Tyml Tomáš , Kostka Martin , Ditrich Oleg , Dyková Iva 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA new amoebozoan species, Vermistella arctica n. sp., is described from marine habitats in the central part of Svalbard archipelago. This is the first report on Arctic amoebae belonging to the genus Vermistella Moran and Anderson, 2007, the type species of which was described from the opposite pole of the planet. Psychrophily proved in the new strains qualifies the genus Vermistella as a bipolar taxon. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on 18S rDNA and actin sequences did not show any affinity of the genus Vermistella to Stygamoeba regulata ATCC® 50892™ strain. A close phylogenetic relationship was found between Vermistella spp. and a sequence originating from an environmental sample from Cariaco basin, the largest marine permanently anoxic system in the world. Possible mechanisms of bipolar distribution are discussed.
Excellent post‐transplant survival in patients with intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma responding to neoadjuvant therapy
Authors: Finkenstedt Armin , Vikoler Anja , Portenkirchner Manuela , Mülleder Kerstin , Maglione Manuel , Margreiter Christian , Moser Patrizia , Vogel Wolfgang , Bale Reto , Freund Martin , Luger Anna , Tilg Herbert , Petersen Johannes , Schneeberger Stefan , Graziadei Ivo , Zoller Heinz , Glodny Bernhard 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackground & AimsCurrent treatment guidelines preclude liver transplantation for patients with BCLC B (intermediate stage) HCC, and expanding transplantation criteria for selected patients beyond early stage HCC remains controversial. The aim of this study was to determine stage‐dependent HCC recurrence and overall survival rates in transplant recipients and the impact of response to neoadjuvant treatment on outcome.MethodsThe CT/MRI scans of patients who underwent liver transplantation for HCC at our transplant centre during a time period of 12 years were reviewed by two radiologists to assess tumour stage and response to neoadjuvant treatment according to mRECIST.ResultsOf 174 HCC patients, 48 (28%) were BCLC intermediate stage. Neoadjuvant treatment was performed in 94% of patients. When patients were stratified according to tumour stage, no significant difference in overall survival was observed between very early or early and intermediate stage. When stratified according to treatment response, patients with complete response had a 5‐year overall survival of 87%, which was significantly higher than in patients with progressive disease (62%, P = 0.02). HCC recurrence in intermediate stage patients without disease progression after neoadjuvant treatment was equal to that in patients with very early or early stage HCC. Tumour grading, histological and radiological evidence of vascular invasion, but not tumour stage were identified as independent risk factors for HCC recurrence.ConclusionsLiver transplantation may be an option for selected patients with BCLC intermediate stage HCC and complete response after neoadjuvant treatment because of excellent long‐term survival and low recurrence rates.