bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR‐143‐5p regulates the proangiogenic potential of human dental pulp stem cells by targeting HIF‐1α/RORA under hypoxia: A laboratory investigation in pulp regeneration
Authors: Meng Zijun , Zhong Xiaoyi , Liang Dan , Ma Xuemeng , Chen Wenxia , He Xuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimAngiogenesis is a key event in the successful healing of pulp injuries, and hypoxia is the main stimulator of pulpal angiogenesis. In this study, we investigated the effect of hypoxia on the proangiogenic potential of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and the role of miR‐143‐5p in the process.MethodologyHuman dental pulp stem cells were isolated, cultured and characterized in vitro. Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) was used to induce hypoxia in hDPSCs. CCK‐8 and Transwell assays were used to determine the effect of hypoxia on hDPSCs proliferation and migration. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), Western blotting (WB) and ELISA were performed to assess the mRNA and protein levels of HIF‐1α and angiogenic cytokines in hDPSCs. The effect of hypoxia on hDPSCs proangiogenic potential was measured in vitro using Matrigel tube formation and chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assays. Recombinant lentiviral vectors were constructed to stably overexpress or inhibit miR‐143‐5p in hDPSCs, and the proangiogenic effects were assessed using qRT‐PCR, WB, and tube formation assays. miR‐143‐5p target genes were identified and verified using bioinformatics prediction tools, dual‐luciferase reporter assays and RNA pull‐down experiments. Finally, a subcutaneous transplantation model in nude mice was used to determine the effects of hypoxia treatment and miR‐143‐5p overexpression/inhibition in hDPSCs in dental pulp regeneration.ResultsHypoxia promotes hDPSCs proliferation, migration and proangiogenic potential. The in vivo experiments showed that hypoxia treatment (50 and 100 μM CoCl2) promoted pulp angiogenesis and dentine formation. In contrast to the levels of proangiogenic factors, miR‐143‐5p levels decreased with increasing CoCl2 concentration. miR‐143‐5p inhibition significantly promoted proangiogenic potential of hDPSCs, whereas miR‐143‐5p overexpression inhibited angiogenesis in vitro. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay identified retinoic acid receptor‐related orphan receptor alpha (RORA) as an miR‐143‐5p target gene in hDPSCs. RNA pull‐down experiments demonstrated that HIF‐1α and RORA were pulled down by biotin‐labelled miR‐143‐5p, and the levels of HIF‐1α and RORA bound to miR‐143‐5p in the hypoxia group were lower than those in the normoxia group. Inhibition of miR‐143‐5p expression in hDPSCs promoted ectopic dental pulp tissue regeneration.ConclusionsCoCl2‐induced hypoxia promotes hDPSCs‐driven paracrine angiogenesis and pulp regeneration. The inhibition of miR‐143‐5p upregulates the proangiogenic potential of hDPSCs under hypoxic conditions by directly targeting HIF‐1α and RORA.
The utility of artificial intelligence platforms for patient‐generated questions in Mohs micrographic surgery: a multi‐national, blinded expert panel evaluation
Authors: Lauck Kyle C. , Cho Seo Won , DaCunha Matthew , Wuennenberg John , Aasi Sumaira , Alam Murad , Arron Sarah T. , Bar Anna , Brodland David G. , Cerci Felipe B. , Cohen Joel L. , Coldiron Brett , Council M. Laurin , Harmon Christopher B. , Hruza George , Läuchli Severin , Moody Brent R. , Wysong Ashley S. , Zitelli John A. , Tolkachjov Stanislav N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) transform how patients inform themselves. LLMs offer potential as educational tools, but their quality depends upon the information generated. Current literature examining AI as an informational tool in dermatology has been limited in evaluating AI's multifaceted roles and diversity of opinions. Here, we evaluate LLMs as a patient‐educational tool for Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) in and out of the clinic utilizing an international expert panel.MethodsThe most common patient MMS questions were extracted from Google and transposed into two LLMs and Google's search engine. 15 MMS surgeons evaluated the generated responses, examining their appropriateness as a patient‐facing informational platform, sufficiency of response in a clinical environment, and accuracy of content generated. Validated scales were employed to assess the comprehensibility of each response.ResultsThe majority of reviewers deemed all LLM responses appropriate. 75% of responses were rated as mostly accurate or higher. ChatGPT had the highest mean accuracy. The majority of the panel deemed 33% of responses sufficient for clinical practice. The mean comprehensibility scores for all platforms indicated a required 10th‐grade reading level.ConclusionsLLM‐generated responses were rated as appropriate patient informational sources and mostly accurate in their content. However, these platforms may not provide sufficient information to function in a clinical environment, and complex comprehensibility may represent a barrier to utilization. As the popularity of these platforms increases, it is important for dermatologists to be aware of these limitations.
Aucubin suppresses TLR4/NF‐κB signalling to shift macrophages toward M2 phenotype in glucocorticoid‐associated osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Yue Chen , Cui Guofeng , Cheng Yan , Zhang Xue , Sheng Hong‐feng , Yang Yidan , Guo Jiayi , Liu Youwen , Xu Bin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, we investigated whether the ability of aucubin to mitigate the pathology of GONFH involves suppression of TLR4/NF‐κB signalling and promotion of macrophage polarization to an M2 phenotype. In necrotic bone tissues from GONFH patients, we compared levels of pro‐inflammatory M1 macrophages and anti‐inflammatory M2 macrophages as well as levels of TLR4/NF‐κB signalling. In a rat model of GONFH, we examined the effects of aucubin on these parameters. We further explored its mechanism of action in a cell culture model of M1 macrophages. Necrotic bone tissues from GONFH patients contained a significantly increased macrophage M1/M2 ratio, and higher levels of TLR4, MYD88 and NF‐κB p65 than bone tissues from patients with hip osteoarthritis. Treating GONFH rats with aucubin mitigated bone necrosis and demineralization as well as destruction of trabecular bone and marrow in a dose‐dependent manner, based on micro‐computed tomography. These therapeutic effects were associated with a decrease in the overall number of macrophages, decrease in the proportion of M1 macrophages, increase in the proportion of M2 macrophages, and downregulation of TLR4, MYD88 and NF‐κB p65. These effects in vivo were confirmed by treating cultures of M1 macrophage‐like cells with aucubin. Aucubin mitigates bone pathology in GONFH by suppressing TLR4/NF‐κB signalling to shift macrophages from a pro‐ to anti‐inflammatory phenotype.
One fish, two fish, three fish, more: novel resighting method produces precise and cost‐effective estimates of abundance
Authors: Dennis Joshua D. , Meyer Lauren , Dudgeon Christine L. , Huveneers Charlie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEstimates of abundance are essential to manage and conserve marine species. Numerous methods are available to determine population size, but the suitability of methods for schooling fishes and the associated precision can vary depending on the species and system. Here, we developed and compared three mark‐recapture/resight methods to assess the most robust method to estimate the abundance of silver trevally (Pseudocaranx georgianus). While the recapture rate was similar across the methods, the swim pass method (resighting) recorded the largest number of individuals (mean ± standard error 211 ± 14.9) and had the lowest coefficient of variation (CV; 4.5%–12%) compared to 360‐video (resighting, 45 ± 2.1 individuals surveyed, 14.8%–22.2% CV) and large‐scale capture methods (recapture, 30 ± 3.8 individuals surveyed, 17.3%–26.5% CV). The inclusion of individual identification into the abundance estimator models for large‐scale capture did not change the abundance estimates and showed similar resolution between the models (CV 18.2%–26.7%). We showed that the swim pass method is logistically easy to implement and generates precise estimates of silver trevally abundance. This new method provides a low‐cost, time‐efficient resighting method that can be adapted to suit similar aggregating pelagic species interacting with wildlife tourism operations, enabling researchers to rapidly estimate the abundance of species that have been previously difficult to count.
Action plans increase advance care planning documentation and engagement among English and Spanish‐speaking older adults
Authors: Ferguson Clarissa M. , Gilissen Joni , Scheerens Charlotte , Volow Aiesha , Powell Jana , Shi Ying , McMahan Ryan , Barnes Deborah , Sudore Rebecca L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdvance care planning (ACP) has been reconceptualized as a health behavior. Action plans (APs), or patient‐directed mini contracts, improve behavior change. However, no prior studies have assessed whether APs can increase ACP documentation and engagement.MethodsWe included English and Spanish‐speaking primary care patients from San Francisco, ≥55 years of age, with ≥2 serious or chronic illnesses. Participants were in the intervention arm of the PREPAREforYOURcare.org trial and asked at baseline to choose 1 of 5 actions (e.g., choose a surrogate). At 6 months, we assessed whether participants completed their AP and if completion was associated with demographics, electronic health record (EHR) ACP documentation, and five‐point ACP Engagement Survey scores. We used t‐tests, chi‐squared, multivariate analysis adjusted for baseline ACP and clustering by physician, and qualitative thematic analysis to explore reasons for non‐completion.ResultsThe mean age of 586 participants was 65 ± 10 years; 44.0% women, 45.9% Spanish‐speaking, 31.4% had limited health literacy, and 43% completed an AP at 6 months; surrogate‐related (47.4%), tell others about medical wishes (33.7%), ask clinicians questions (13.7%), and decide what matters most in life (5.2%). Participants with limited versus adequate health literacy were less likely to complete an AP (25.4% vs 35.9%, p = 0.01). Completing an AP was associated with greater ACP EMR documentation 49.8% vs 35.6%, p < 0.001 (adjusted odds ratio: 2.06; 95% CI [1.43–2.97]) and engagement (adjusted five‐point scores [3.69; 95% CI 3.57–3.81 vs 3.10; 95% CI: 2.98–3.21], p < 0.001). Themes for non‐completion included not being ready and logistical issues (e.g., surrogate deceased).ConclusionsAmong English and Spanish‐speaking older adults, creating an ACP AP resulted in greater documentation and engagement. APs may help facilitate ACP behavior change as part of effective ACP interventions. Additional support may be needed for patients with limited health literacy and those facing logistical barriers.
Dynamin‐2 mutations linked to neonatal‐onset centronuclear myopathy impair exocytosis and endocytosis in adrenal chromaffin cells
Authors: Bayonés Lucas , Guerra‐Fernández María José , Figueroa‐Cares Cindel , Gallo Luciana I. , Alfonso‐Bueno Samuel , Caspe Octavio , Canal María Pilar , Báez‐Matus Ximena , González‐Jamett Arlek , Cárdenas Ana M. , Marengo Fernando D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDynamins are large GTPases whose primary function is not only to catalyze membrane scission during endocytosis but also to modulate other cellular processes, such as actin polymerization and vesicle trafficking. Recently, we reported that centronuclear myopathy associated dynamin‐2 mutations, p.A618T, and p.S619L, impair Ca2+‐induced exocytosis of the glucose transporter GLUT4 containing vesicles in immortalized human myoblasts. As exocytosis and endocytosis occur within rapid timescales, here we applied high‐temporal resolution techniques, such as patch‐clamp capacitance measurements and carbon‐fiber amperometry to assess the effects of these mutations on these two cellular processes, using bovine chromaffin cells as a study model. We found that the expression of any of these dynamin‐2 mutants inhibits a dynamin and F‐actin‐dependent form of fast endocytosis triggered by single action potential stimulus, as well as inhibits a slow compensatory endocytosis induced by 500 ms square depolarization. Both dynamin‐2 mutants further reduced the exocytosis induced by 500 ms depolarizations, and the frequency of release events and the recruitment of neuropeptide Y (NPY)‐labeled vesicles to the cell cortex after stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with 1,1‐dimethyl‐4‐phenyl piperazine iodide (DMPP). They also provoked a significant decrease in the Ca2+‐induced formation of new actin filaments in permeabilized chromaffin cells. In summary, our results indicate that the centronuclear myopathy (CNM)‐linked p.A618T and p.S619L mutations in dynamin‐2 affect exocytosis and endocytosis, being the disruption of F‐actin dynamics a possible explanation for these results. These impaired cellular processes might underlie the pathogenic mechanisms associated with these mutations.image
What Makes a Movement Human‐Like?
Authors: Yang Xiaoyue , Cheng Miao , Fujiwara Ken , Kitamura Yoshifumi , Shioiri Satoshi , Tseng Chiahuei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith the advancement of AI‐generated human motion, it is of increasing importance to think about how we distinguish real human motion from machine‐generated movements. In this study, we recruited professional performers to use the whole body to make a short movement to inform potential observers that they are real humans (instead of machines). Their movements were captured with a motion capture system (Vicon) and later reduced to dynamic point‐like displays (biological motion). They were interviewed after the recording to provide their acting strategies. Naive observers who did not participate in the motion data collection were recruited to watch these videos and judge whether the biological motions looked human‐like or not (YES/NO), as well as to report their judging criteria. The major factors extracted from these reports include kinematics, context, body mechanics, and principles of physical laws. We discuss the impact of these criteria and how they may possibly help improve the future generation of human‐like motions.
Insulin resistance and periodontitis: Mediation by blood pressure
Authors: Kalhan Ashish C. , Kalhan Tosha A. , Romandini Mario , Bitencourt Fernando V. , Cooray Upul M. P. , Leite Fábio R. M. , Nascimento Gustavo G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimThis study investigated the association between the triglyceride‐glucose (TyG) index, a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, and moderate/severe periodontitis and the role of blood pressure as a mediator in this association. A second aim was to assess the role of cardiometabolic conditions such as obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia as potential effect modifiers.MethodsData from 5733 US adults aged 30–64 years and with complete periodontal examination were analyzed (NHANES 2011–2014). Participants were classified as having moderate/severe periodontitis or mild/no periodontitis according to the CDC/AAP criteria as the outcome. The exposure was the TyG index, while both systolic (SBP), and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure were tested as mediators using parametric g‐formula. Analyses were adjusted for relevant confounders, namely, age, sex, ethnicity, poverty‐income ratio, and smoking, using inverse probability treatment weighting. Obesity status (based on a body mass index ≥30 kg/m2), self‐report of hypertension and dyslipidemia (calculated based on the thresholds provided by National Cholesterol Education Program‐Adult Treatment Panel‐III) were tested as effect modifiers.ResultsThe findings showed the TyG index to be associated with increased odds of moderate/severe periodontitis [odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.17 (1.11–1.23)], with 50% of the total effect mediated by SBP. Stratified analysis showed a stronger association in individuals with obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia compared to those without these conditions. However, in those taking anti‐hypertensive medications, the association was partially mitigated. Sensitivity analysis using imputed data showed consistent results.ConclusionThe TyG index was associated with increased odds of moderate/severe periodontitis, especially in individuals with obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. SBP levels partially mediated this association.
Anti‐Exceptionalism about Logic (Part I): From Naturalism to Anti‐Exceptionalism
Authors: Martin Ben , Thomassen Hjortland Ole 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAccording to anti‐exceptionalism about logic (AEL), logic is not as exceptional in terms of its epistemology and subject matter as has been conventionally thought. Whereas logic's epistemology has often been considered distinct from those of the recognised sciences, in virtue of being both non‐inferential and a priori, it is in fact neither. Logics are justified on the basis of similar mechanisms of theory‐choice as theories in the sciences, and further the sources of evidence which inform these theory choices are (at least) not wholly a priori. In this first part of a two‐part entry on AEL, we trace these epistemological elements of AEL back to Quine's naturalism and evidential holism, but then highlight important differences between the motivations and commitments of Quine's version of AEL and those within the contemporary literature. This demonstrates the need to assess contemporary anti‐exceptionalist positions on their own merits, rather than treating them as mere reincarnations of Quine's evidential holism.
Sorbitol metabolism plays a key role in the differential accumulation of sugar in two plum cultivars
Authors: Du Mei , Gao Linduo , Ren Jun , Pan Xuejun , Zhu Yongchao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSugar is vital for plant growth and determines fruit quality via its content and composition. This study explores the differential sugar accumulation in two plum varieties, ‘Fengtangli (FTL)’ and ‘Siyueli (SYL)’. The result showed that ‘FTL’ fruit displayed higher soluble solids and sugar content at various development stages. Metabolomic analysis indicated increased sorbitol in ‘FTL’, linked to elevated sorbitol‐6‐phosphate‐dehydrogenase (S6PDH) activity. Transcriptome analysis identified a key gene for sorbitol synthesis, PsS6PDH4, which was significantly higher expressed in ‘FTL’ than in ‘SYL’. The function of the PsS6PDH4 gene was verified in strawberry, apple, and plum fruits using transient overexpression and virus‐induced gene silencing techniques. The results showed that overexpression of the PsS6PDH4 gene in strawberry, apple, and plum fruits promoted the accumulation of soluble solids content and sorbitol, while inhibition of the gene reduced soluble solids content and sorbitol content. Meanwhile, analysis of the relationship between PsS6PDH4 gene expression, sorbitol, and soluble solids content in four different plum varieties revealed a significant correlation between PsS6PDH4 gene expression and soluble solids content as well as sorbitol content. This research discovered PsS6PDH4 as a crucial regulator of sugar metabolism in plum, with potential applications in improving fruit sweetness and nutritional value in various fruit species. Understanding these molecular pathways can lead to innovative approaches for enhancing fruit quality, benefiting sustainable agriculture and consumer preferences in the global fruit industry.
Determinants and value of corporate social responsibility management: Empirical evidence from the insurance industry
Authors: Brasch Tim , Eckert Christian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to empirically study corporate social responsibility management in the insurance industry, which has received increased attention in recent years. For this purpose, we use data from LSEG (former REFINITIV) over a period of 11 years (2010–2020) taking into account companies from the United States, Europe, China, and Japan, and analyze the determinants and the value of corporate social responsibility management. Our results show that larger insurers exhibit significantly better corporate social responsibility management. Moreover, focusing on the recent past we find an indication of the value‐relevance of a holistic corporate social responsibility management. Hence, our findings reveal that it might be economically rational for insurance companies to become more sustainable. Therefore, it might be that the insurance market is able to move towards a more sustainable direction on its own, finally, reducing the importance of regulatory interventions in this regard.
Spontaneous resolution and bone regeneration in hemophilic pseudotumor: A rare case report and literature review
Authors: Singh Khushboo , Gupta Sunita , Aggarwal Sunita 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimHemophilic pseudotumor (HP) is a very rare complication of hemophilia seen in only 1–2% of the cases. Although it is much more common in long bones, pelvis and small bones of hands and feet and very rarely involving jaw bones.Method and resultIn the present case, the presence of a rare hemophilic pseudotumor of the mandible with the positive history of Hemophilia B justifies that the history, clinical and radiological examinations were sufficient to arrive at conclusive diagnosis precluding invasive diagnostic procedures such as biopsy hence avoiding the risk of hemorrhage, infection, or fistula. This case also highlights that patient was conservatively managed with Factor IX replacement alone with a very good clinical outcome.ConclusionHP should be considered as a differential diagnosis of any progressive swelling of hard and soft tissues occurring in a patient with severe haemophilia.
BRASSINOSTEROID‐SIGNALING KINASE 1 modulates OPEN STOMATA 1 phosphorylation and contributes to stomatal closure and plant immunity
Authors: Gao Chenyang , Zhao Yaofei , Wang Wei , Zhang Beibei , Huang Xiahe , Wang Yingchun , Tang Dingzhong 
Published: August 2024

SUMMARYStomatal movement plays a critical role in plant immunity by limiting the entry of pathogens. OPEN STOMATA 1 (OST1) is a key component that mediates stomatal closure in plants, however, how OST1 functions in response to pathogens is not well understood. RECEPTOR‐LIKE KINASE 902 (RLK902) phosphorylates BRASSINOSTEROID‐SIGNALING KINASE 1 (BSK1) and positively modulates plant resistance. In this study, by a genome‐wide phosphorylation analysis, we found that the phosphorylation of BSK1 and OST1 was missing in the rlk902 mutant compared with the wild‐type plants, indicating a potential connection between the RLK902‐BSK1 module and OST1‐mediated stomatal closure. We showed that RLK902 and BSK1 contribute to stomatal immunity, as the stomatal closure induced by the bacterial pathogen Pto DC3000 was impaired in rlk902 and bsk1‐1 mutants. Stomatal immunity mediated by RLK902 was dependent on BSK1 phosphorylation at Ser230, a key phosphorylation site for BSK1 functions. Several phosphorylation sites of OST1 were important for RLK902‐ and BSK1‐mediated stomatal immunity. Interestingly, the phosphorylation of Ser171 and Ser175 in OST1 contributed to the stomatal immunity mediated by RLK902 but not by BSK1, while phosphorylation of OST1 at Ser29 and Thr176 residues was critical for BSK1‐mediated stomatal immunity. Taken together, these results indicate that RLK902 and BSK1 contribute to disease resistance via OST1‐mediated stomatal closure. This work revealed a new function of BSK1 in activating stomatal immunity, and the role of RLK902‐BSK1 and OST1 module in regulating pathogen‐induced stomatal movement.