bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffusion‐weighted imaging of the prostate: Comparison of b1000 and b2000 image sets for index lesion detection
Authors: Rosenkrantz Andrew B. , Hindman Nicole , Lim Ruth P. , Das Kasturi , Babb James S. , Mussi Thais C. , Taneja Samir S. 
Published: January 2013

Purpose:To compare tumor detection on acquired diffusion‐weighted (DW) images and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps, obtained using b‐values of 1000 s/mm2 and 2000 s/mm2, using radical prostatectomy as the reference.Materials and Methods:In all, 29 prostate cancer patients who underwent 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including DW imaging using b‐values of 1000 s/mm2 and 2000 s/mm2 were included. Two radiologists independently evaluated four image sets during different sessions and recorded the location and diameter of the dominant lesion: DW images acquired using b‐values of 1000 s/mm2 and 2000 s/mm2 and ADC maps calculated using maximal b‐values of 1000 s/mm2 and 2000 s/mm2. Findings were correlated with the location and diameter of the dominant lesion at prostatectomy. Tumor‐to‐PZ contrast was also calculated, unblinded to pathology.Results:Both readers achieved significantly higher sensitivity for DW images obtained using a b‐value of 2000 s/mm2 than 1000 s/mm2 (P < 0.001), although there was no difference in sensitivity between ADC maps calculated using the two b‐values (P ≥ 0.309). Tumor‐to‐PZ contrast was higher for DW images using a b‐value of 2000 s/mm2 (P = 0.067), although it was not different between the two corresponding ADC maps (P = 0.544). For both readers, correlations with tumor diameters were higher for either ADC map (r = 0.59–0.73) than for either acquired DW image set (r = 0.03–0.57).Conclusion:Use of a b‐value of 2000 s/mm2 compared with a b‐value of 1000 s/mm2 resulted in improved tumor sensitivity and higher tumor‐to‐PZ contrast on the acquired DW images, although performance of the ADC maps corresponding with the two b‐values was similar. Correlation with tumor size was greater for either ADC map than for either acquired DW image set. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:694–700. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Absolute quantification of myocardial blood flow with constrained estimation of the arterial input function
Authors: Fluckiger Jacob U. , Benefield Brandon C. , Harris Kathleen R. , Lee Daniel C. 
Published: January 2013

Purpose:To evaluate the performance of the constrained alternating minimization with model (CAMM) method for estimating the input function from the myocardial tissue curves.Materials and Methods:Myocardial perfusion imaging was performed on seven canine models of coronary artery disease in 15 imaging sessions. In each session, stress was induced with intravenous infusion of adenosine and a variable occluder created coronary artery stenosis. A dual bolus protocol was used for each acquisition, and input functions were then estimated using the CAMM method with data acquired from the high dose scan following each imaging session. For each acquisition, myocardial blood flow was measured by injected microspheres.Results:The dual bolus and CAMM‐derived flows were not significantly different (P = 0.18), and the correlation between the two methods was high (r = 0.97). The correlation between the dual bolus and CAMM methods and microsphere measurements was lower than that for the two MR methods (r = 0.53; r = 0.43, respectively).Conclusion:The CAMM method presented here shows promise in estimating myocardial blood flow in patients with coronary artery disease at stress with a single injection and without any specialized acquisitions. Further work is needed to validate the approach in a clinical setting. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:603–609. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of the use of multiple scanners and of scanner upgrade in longitudinal voxel‐based morphometry studies
Authors: Takao Hidemasa , Hayashi Naoto , Ohtomo Kuni 
Published: January 2013

PurposeTo evaluate the effects of inter‐scanner variability (bias) and of scanner upgrade on longitudinal changes in regional gray matter volume.Materials and MethodsA total of 215 normal subjects were scanned twice, at an interval of approximately 1 year, using two 3.0 Tesla (T) scanners of the exact same model. Both scanners were simultaneously upgraded during the study period. The subjects were divided into four groups according to the combination of scanners used at the two time points. Using VBM, we evaluated longitudinal changes in regional gray matter volume in each group and the effects of scanner upgrade on longitudinal changes.ResultsThe use of different scanners at two time points significantly influenced longitudinal changes in regional gray matter volume. Regional gray matter volumes were relatively stable within the same scanner, but significantly different between the two scanners. Scanner upgrade had effects comparable to those of using different scanners at the two time points.ConclusionThe results of our study indicate that, even with scanners of the exact same model, the use of different scanners at different time points significantly influences longitudinal morphometric results, and that scanner upgrade has effects comparable to those of using different scanners at different time points. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:1283–1291. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Second trimester fetal death caused by varicella‐zoster virus infection
Authors: Tanimura Kenji , Kojima Nobue , Yamazaki Takashi , Semba Shuho , Yokozaki Hiroshi , Yamada Hideto 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA 31‐year‐old woman contracted acute varicella at 13 weeks of gestation. Severe hydrops fetalis, hepatomegaly, and intrauterine fetal death were detected at 16 weeks of gestation by ultrasound examinations. An examination at autopsy, histopathology, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) provided evidence of varicella‐zoster virus (VZV) infection of the fetus. Second trimester intrauterine fetal death caused by mother to fetus infection of VZV is extremely rare. J. Med. Virol. 85:935–938, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Antioxidant changes of leek (Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum) during spontaneous fermentation of the white shaft and green leaves
Authors: Bernaert Nathalie , Wouters Dorrit , De Vuyst Luc , De Paepe Domien , De Clercq Hervé , Van Bockstaele Erik , De Loose Marc , Van Droogenbroeck Bart 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundLeek is grown for its thickened cylindrical white shaft made up of long leaf bases. Despite the potentially valuable nutritional profile of the green leaves, a large portion remains unused owing its restricted culinary applications. This large quantity of this plant biomass could be valorized given an adequate stabilization method. In this study, we examined leek fermentation with regard to antioxidant changes.ResultsThe oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) increased by 62% when the green leaves were fermented for 21 days, while 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity did not increase significantly. Fermentation resulted in an increase of endogenous polyphenolic compounds such as ferulic acid, astragalin, luteolin and naringenin. Moreover, fermentation stimulated the production of a series of polyphenolic compounds that were not present in the fresh leek. The flavour precursors in leek, i.e. methiin and isoalliin, were reduced by 91–93% and 100%, respectively, when spontaneous fermentation was allowed to occur on the white shaft and green leaves.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that application of fermentation resulted in a higher ORAC value and polyphenol content of the leek plant, especially in the green leaves. These results indicate the nutritional relevance of fermentation, which hold promise as a stabilization technique. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Influence of linseed variety on fatty acid profile in cow's milk
Authors: Puppel Kamila , Kuczyńska Beata , Nałęcz‐Tarwacka Teresa , Grodzki Henryk 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to examine the influence of linseed variety on the concentration of cow's milk constituents, particularly fatty acids. The experiment was conducted on 30 Polish Holstein Friesian cows whose diet was supplemented with two varieties of crude linseed, Opal and Szafir.ResultsAfter 21 days of linseed supplementation, the Szafir variety proved to be a better supplement than the Opal variety, particularly in relation to the concentration of saturated fatty acids, C20:5 (69.2% higher) and C22:6 (147.1% higher) and also because of improved chemical composition of the milk (19.7% higher fat, 2.9% higher protein and 39.9% higher casein content).ConclusionLinseed variety significantly influenced the lipid fraction level and the basic chemical composition of cow's milk. Linseed variety should therefore be taken into consideration in subsequent experiments in addition to the quantity and physical form of linseed. The results showed that the use of a diet supplemented with linseed, especially the Szafir variety, was effective in reducing saturation, atherogenic and thrombogenic indices, yielding benefits for consumers by improving the nutritional quality of cow's milk. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Polycaprolactone spheres and theromosensitive pluronic F127 hydrogel for vocal fold augmentation: In vivo animal study for the treatment of unilateral vocal fold palsy
Authors: Kwon Seong Keun , Song Jae‐Jun , Cho Chang Gun , Park Seok‐Won , Choi Soo Jung , Oh Se Heang , Lee Jin Ho 
Published: January 2013

Objectives/HypothesisThe purpose of this study was to explore a novel strategy to restore vocal gap by using polycaprolactone (PCL) spheres with thermosensitive Pluronic F127 in a paralyzed rabbit vocal fold.Study DesignIn vivo study using a rabbit model.MethodsThe PCL spheres were fabricated by an isolated particle‐melting method. The PCL spheres/Pluronic F127 gel mixture was prepared by a simple mixture of PCL and Pluronic F127 solution. We used 33 New Zealand white rabbits, which were divided into normal (n = 3), vocal fold palsy (VFP, n = 12), PCL/Pluronic F127 gel mixture (PCL, n = 12), and Radiesse (n = 6) groups. After unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve section, PCL or Radiesse were injected into paralyzed vocal folds. Laryngoscopic exams were performed 1, 2, 4, and 12 weeks after implantation; then larynx specimens were sampled. High‐speed camera recording of vocal fold vibration and evaluation by videokymography were performed. Open quotient and asymmetric index were calculated. We evaluated the volume of the implants over time and investigated histologic changes.ResultsEndoscopic analysis showed that PCL/Pluronic F127 gel mixture maintained its volume without migration or inflammatory response. Vocal fold gap decreased and asymmetric vocal fold movement was improved compared with the VFP group. Histologically, connective tissue growth was observed between the spheres. The remaining volume of injected material was greater than the Radiesse group, without statistical significance.ConclusionsLocally injected PCL/Pluronic F127 can enhance glottal contact, suggesting it as a potential new therapeutic approach that may lead to better treatment of vocal fold palsy.Level of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope, 2013
Pharyngoceles: A photo‐anatomic study and novel management
Authors: Naunheim Margaret , Langerman Alexander 
Published: January 2013

Objectives/HypothesisPharyngoceles are outpouchings of the lateral pharyngeal wall through the thyrohyoid membrane. These entities are inconsistently documented in the literature given the varying terminology and poor anatomic description. Open surgical repair has been the mainstay of treatment for symptomatic pharyngoceles.Study DesignA systematic literature review was conducted to identify articles presenting cases of pharyngoceles. Two case reports supplement the data found.MethodsThrough a PubMed search, articles were examined specifically for anatomical discussions, presenting symptoms, and management strategies. To this data, we add two cases of bilateral symptomatic pharyngoceles with full multimedia documentation, including one patient treated successfully with novel endoscopic suture pharyngoplasties.ResultsTwenty‐five articles were identified that described 59 cases of pharyngoceles, for a total of 61 patients reviewed. Few articles include descriptive anatomy and correlate in vivo examples, and none describe intraluminal pharyngocele structure in detail. Both patients at our institution had complete resolution of their symptoms, as determined by interviews and oropharyngeal motility studies.ConclusionsRelatively few true pharyngoceles have been reported in the surgical literature. We offer the first detailed endoscopic anatomic description and formal evaluation of swallowing outcomes, as well as an anatomically‐based endoscopic approach. These lesions may be amenable to endoscopic repair with minimal long‐term morbidity.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 2013
Malignant and benign sinonasal paragangliomas
Authors: Papaspyrou Konstantinos , Welkoborsky Hans‐Juergen , Gouveris Haralampos , Mann Wolf J. 
Published: January 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo report on the clinical course and management of sinonasal paragangliomas (PGLs).Study Design and MethodsRetrospective chart review of six patients with PGLs of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.ResultsThree patients had tumors with malignant clinical behavior with cerebral metastases or infiltration of brain and local recurrence, despite surgery and/or radiotherapy, while three patients demonstrated a benign course.ConclusionSinonasal paragangliomas are frequently malignant. If malignant, they are very aggressive, with rapid local spread as well as high metastatic potential despite surgical resection; and they have a poor prognosis. Malignancy cannot be diagnosed on histology, but only on the basis of clinical behavior. Intracranial metastasis is commonly expected. Long‐term follow‐up, with particular emphasis put on the intracranial structures, is mandatory as recurrences or metastasis may occur even after a long time interval.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 123:1830–1836, 2013
Synthesis of Photoresponsive Spiropyran‐Based Hybrid Polymers and Controllable Light‐Triggered Self‐Assembly Study in Toluene
Authors: Ma Li , Li Jinze , Han Dan , Geng Haiping , Chen Guangxin , Li Qifang 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA series of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane end‐capped poly(spiropyran‐containing methacrylate) (POSS–PSPMA) polymers, a kind of photoresponsive hybrid polymer, are synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization. It is proved that the molecular weight of POSS–PSPMA is sharply increased by raising the proportion of methanol or the concentration of the reactants. The self‐assembly behavior of POSS–PSPMA is studied in toluene: under the control of UV and visible light, POSS–PSPMA can reversibly self‐assemble into aggregates because the charged merocyanines (MC) form stacks. These MC stacks act as non‐covalent crosslinking points and POSS shell guarantees the stability of the aggregates. This system has a broad potential use in nanocarriers, especially for encapsulating and releasing polar substances in the nonpolar solvents.
Flexibility Improvement of Poly(L‐lactide) by Reactive Blending With Poly(ether urethane) Containing Poly(ethylene glycol) Blocks
Authors: Feng Lidong , Bian Xinchao , Cui Yi , Chen Zhiming , Li Gao , Chen Xuesi 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPoly(L‐lactide) (PLLA) is melt blended with poly(ether urethane) (PEU) based on poly(ethylene glycol) blocks via a chain‐extension reaction by diisocyanate as a chain extender to improve its flexibility without sacrificing comprehensive performance. The elongation at break of the blends with triphenyl phosphate (TPP) as a reactive blending additive is much higher than that without TPP by physical blending. When 10 wt% PEU is blended, the former elongation reaches to 298%, while the latter one is only approximately 20%. The reactive blending forms a PLLA–PEU block copolymer, thus improving their compatibility. When the weight‐average molecular weight (Mw) of PEUs is 18–90 kg mol−1, the effect of Mw is very little on tensile properties of blends. The rheological properties of the blends are modified through the content and molecular weight of PEU. The complex viscosity (η*) of PLLA/PEU blends increases with increasing Mw of PEU. The η* of the PLLA blend containing 5 wt% PEU in Mw 73 kg mol−1 is higher than that of neat PLLA. The water absorption of the PLLA/PEU blends enhances because of the hydrophilicity of PEUs versus neat PLLA.magnified image
Decreased expression of kallikrein‐related peptidase 13: Possible contribution to metastasis of human oral cancer
Authors: Ishige Shunsaku , Kasamatsu Atsushi , Ogoshi Kenji , Saito Yasuhiro , Usukura Katsuya , Yokoe Hidetaka , Kouzu Yukinao , Koike Hirofumi , Sakamoto Yosuke , Ogawara Katsunori , Shiiba Masashi , Tanzawa Hideki , Uzawa Katsuhiro 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe human kallikrein‐related peptidase family is comprised of 15 serine protease genes on chromosome 19q13.4 . Our previous microarray analyses showed that the gene kallikrein‐related peptidase 13 (KLK13) was down‐regulated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines. We evaluated the expression status of KLK13 in primary OSCCs and performed functional molecular experiments in OSCC cell lines. In 102 primary tumors studied, KLK13 expression significantly (P < 0.05) decreased compared with matched normal counterparts. Interestingly, KLK13‐negative cases correlated significantly (P < 0.05) with regional lymph node metastasis. In vitro, cells overexpressing KLK13 (oeKLK13) had decreased invasiveness and motility and up‐regulation of adhesion molecules (E‐cadherin, α‐catenin, β‐catenin, junction plakoglobin, plakophilin4, desmocollin2, desmoglein3, and desmoplakin) compared with control cells. A rescue experiment that transfected oeKLK13 cells with siRNA against KLK13 restored invasiveness and migration activities with down‐regulated adhesion molecules. Based on our results, we concluded that KLK13 may play an important role in regulating cellular migration and invasiveness, making the loss of KLK13 a potential biomarker for early detection of lymph node metastasis in OSCCs. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bone marrow stem cells in facial nerve regeneration from isolated stumps
Authors: Salomone Raquel , Bento Ricardo F. , Costa Heloisa J.Z.R. , Azzi‐Nogueira Deborah , Ovando Patrícia C. , Da‐Silva Ciro F. , Zanatta Daniela B. , Strauss Bryan E. , Haddad Luciana A. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTIntroductionSevere lesions in the facial nerve may have extensive axonal loss and leave isolated stumps that impose technical difficulties for nerve grafting. Methods: We evaluated bone marrow stem cells (BMSC) in a silicone conduit for rat facial nerve regeneration from isolated stumps. Group A utilized empty silicone tubes; in groups B–D, the tube was filled with acellular gel; and, in groups C and D, undifferentiated BMSC (uBMSC) or Schwann‐like cells differentiated from BMSC (dBMSC) were added, respectively. Compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) were measured, and histology was evaluated. Results: Groups C and D had the highest CMAP amplitudes. Group C had shorter CMAP durations than groups A, B, and D. Distal axonal number and density were increased in group C compared with groups A and B. Conclusions: Regeneration of the facial nerve was improved by both uBMSC and dBMSC in rats, yet uBMSC was associated with superior functional results. Muscle Nerve 48: 423–429, 2013
Striational antibodies in a paraneoplastic context
Authors: McKeon Andrew , Lennon Vanda A. , LaChance Daniel H. , Klein Christopher J. , Pittock Sean J. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe clinical significance of striational antibodies (StrAbs) detected in the course of paraneoplastic antibody testing is unknown.MethodsWe compared all 203 striational antibody (StrAb)‐seropositive patients identified (2004–2005) during evaluation for paraneoplastic antibodies with age‐ and sex‐matched seronegative controls.ResultsThymoma and myasthenia gravis (MG) were significantly more common among cases (P<0.0001). Cancers more rarely detected after StrAb detection were adenocarcinoma in 5 patients and sarcoma in 3 patients. All patients who had a cancer identified after StrAb testing had a titer of ≥1:7680 or a coexisting muscle AChR‐binding antibody. Autoimmune disorders more commonly observed among cases (with any StrAb value) included: hypothyroidism; rheumatoid arthritis; and pernicious anemia (all P<0.05).ConclusionsStrAbs may serve as a diagnostic clue for an autoimmune diagnosis. There is a low likelihood of oncological significance in patients with StrAb titers <1:7680 without coexisting paraneoplastic Abs. Muscle Nerve, 2013
Inherited neuropathies: Clinical overview and update
Authors: Klein Christopher J. , Duan Xiaohui , Shy Michael E. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTInherited neuropathy is a group of common neurologic disorders with heterogeneous clinical presentations and genetic causes. Detailed neuromuscular evaluations, including nerve conduction studies, laboratory testing, and histopathologic examination, can assist in identification of the inherited component beyond family history. Genetic testing increasingly enables definitive diagnosis of specific inherited neuropathies. Diagnosis, however, is often complex, and neurologic disability may have both genetic and acquired components in individual patients. The decision of which genetic test to order or whether to order genetic tests is often complicated, and the strategies to maximize the value of testing are evolving. Apart from rare inherited metabolic neuropathies, treatment approaches remain largely supportive. We provide a clinical update of the various types of inherited neuropathies, their differential diagnoses, and distinguishing clinical features (where available). A framework is provided for clinical evaluations, including the inheritance assessment, electrophysiologic examinations, and specific genetic tests.Muscle Nerve48: 604–622, 2013
Effect of different approaches to target force on transcranial magnetic stimulation responses
Authors: Gruet Mathieu , Temesi John , Rupp Thomas , Millet Guillaume Y. , Verges Samuel 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The aim of this study was to determine whether the manner in which a target force is approached can influence the electromyographic (EMG) and mechanical parameters evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during brief muscle contractions. Methods: The amplitude of motor‐evoked potentials (MEP) and superimposed twitch and the duration of the silent period were recorded in 8 healthy participants in response to TMS delivered during brief isometric voluntary contractions of the quadriceps maintaining a target force (10% and 50% of maximal voluntary force) or gradually increasing or decreasing to reach this point. Results: MEP and superimposed twitch, unlike the silent period, are influenced by the manner of reaching a low force. Conclusions: Clear instructions must be provided to research participants and patients. Rapidly increasing to a target force without exceeding it and maintaining the force before the delivery of TMS results in stable, representative MEP amplitudes. Muscle Nerve 48: 430–432, 2013