bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wasserbedarf, Wasserversorgung und Thermoregulation kleiner Wiederkäuer bei Weidehaltung
Authors: Strobel H. , Axt H. , Voigt K. , Spengler D. 
Published: January 2015

ZusammenfassungWasser ist Grundlage des Lebens und aller Lebensvorgänge. Es wird in Form von Tränkewasser, als Wassergehalt des Futters, als Haftwasser oder als metabolisches Wasser aufgenommen bzw. verwertet. Der Wasserbedarf kleiner Wiederkäuer hängt von Futter, Klima, Leistungsstadium, Wollkleid, Haltungsbedingungen und Gesundheitszustand ab. Unterschiede im Wasser- und Stoffwechselmetabolismus, im Trinkverhalten und in den thermoregulatorischen Fähigkeiten ergeben sich weiterhin durch Tierart, Rasse, Produktionsrichtung, Haltungsform, Akklimatisation und Adaptation. Kleine Wiederkäuer wurden und werden vorwiegend extensiv gehalten. Dadurch sind sie sowohl geno- als auch phänotypisch an diese Bedingungen adaptiert und akklimatisiert. Sie verfügen über ein umfangreiches Instrumentarium physiologischer Mechanismen und Verhaltensmuster, um mit ungünstigen oder nicht optimalen Witterungsbedingungen zurechtzukommen. Die Frage der ausreichenden Wasserversorgung für Schafe und Ziegen unter verschiedenen Haltungsbedingungen wird kontrovers diskutiert und bewertet, wobei häufig Unterschiede zwischen theoretischen Forderungen und Erfahrungen in der Praxis auftreten. Um die Beurteilung zu versachlichen, wurde die Literatur zur Wasserversorgung und zu thermoregulatorischen Mechanismen kleiner Wiederkäuer gesichtet und thematisch zusammengefasst.
Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Subjects with Successful and Failing Dental Implants. A Pilot Study
Authors: Koukos Georgios , Papadopoulos Christos , Tsalikis Lazaros , Sakellari Dimitra , Arsenakis Minas , Konstantinidis Antonios 
Published: January 2015

Objectives :To investigate the prevalence of the bacterial genes encoding resistance to beta-lactams, tetracyclines and metronidazole respectively, in subjects with successful and failing dental implants and to assess the presence ofStaphylococcus aureusand themecAgene encoding for Methicillin ResistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) in the same samples.Materials and Methodology:The subject sample included 20 participants with clinically healthy osseointegrated implants and 20 participants with implants exhibiting peri-implantitis. Clinical parameters were assessed with an automated probe, samples were collected from the peri-implant sulcus or pocket and analyzed with Polymerase Chain Reaction forblaTEM, tetM, tetQandnimgenes,S. aureusand MRSA using primers and conditions previously described in the literature.Results:Findings have shown high frequencies of detection for both groups for the tetracycline resistance genestetM(>30%),tetQ(>65%) with no statistical differences between them (z-test with Bonferroni corrections,p<0.05). TheblaTEMgene, which encodes resistance to beta-lactams, was detected in <15% of the samples. Thenimgene, which encodes resistance to metronidazole,S.aureusand themecAgene encoding for MRSA were not detected in any of the analyzed samples.Conclusions:Healthy peri-implant sulci and peri-implantitis cases often harbor bacterial genes encoding for resistance to the tetracyclines and less often for beta-lactams. Thus, the antimicrobial activity of the tetracyclines and to a lower extent to beta-lactams, might be compromised for treatment of peri-implantitis. Since no metronidazole resistance genes were detected in the present study, its clinical use is supported by the current findings.S.aureusmay not participate in peri-implant pathology.
Increasing Neuroradiology Exam Volumes On-Call Do Not Result in Increased Major Discrepancies in Primary Reads Performed by Residents
Authors: Verdoorn Jared T , Hunt Christopher H , Luetmer Marianne T , Wood Christopher P , Eckel Laurence J , Schwartz Kara M , Diehn Felix E , Kallmes David F 
Published: January 2015

Background and Purpose:A common perception is that increased on-call workload leads to increased resident mistakes. To test this, we evaluated whether increased imaging volume has led to increased errors by residents.Materials and Methods:A retrospective review was made of all overnight neuroradiology CT exams with a primary resident read from 2006-2010. All studies were over-read by staff neuroradiologists next morning. As the volume is higher on Friday through Sunday nights, weekend studies were examined separately. Discrepancies were classified as either minor or major. “Major” discrepancy was defined as a discrepancy that the staff radiologist felt was significant enough to potentially affect patient care, necessitating a corrected report and phone contact with the ordering physician and documentation. The total number of major discrepancies was recorded by quarter. In addition, the total number of neuroradiology CT studies read overnight on-call was noted.Results:The mean number of cases per night during the weekday increased from 3.0 in 2006 to 5.2 in 2010 (p<0.001). During the weekend, the mean number of cases per night increased from 5.4 in 2006 to 7.6 in 2010 (p<0.001). Despite this increase, the major discrepancy rate decreased from 2.7% in 2006 to 2.3% in 2010 (p=0.34).Conclusion:Despite an increase in neuroradiology exam volumes, there continues to be a low major discrepancy rate for primary resident interpretations. While continued surveillance of on-call volumes is crucial to the educational environment, concern of increased major errors should not be used as sole justification to limit autonomy.
Effect of Postmining Waters on Cyanobacterial Photosynthesis
Authors: Medová Hana , Přikryl Ivo , Zapomnělová Eliška , Pechar Libor 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT: New waterbodies have been created in a postmining area of the brown‐coal basin in Sokolov, Czech Republic. The former open‐cast quarry, Medard, has been filling with water from a local river, the surrounding catchment spoil heaps, and acid mine drainages. The effect of acidic (pH down to 2.5) and high‐conductivity water (up to 1400 mS/m) on selected cyanobacteria and the possibility of cyanobacterial water bloom in the newly formed Lake Medard were studied by means of chlorophyll fluorometry (actual photosystem II [PSII] quantum yield, ΔF/, and relative electron transport rate, rETR). The acidic spoil‐heap waters caused a decrease in cyanobacterial photosynthetic activity of 52 to 100% of the initial ΔF/ value. The Dolichospermum strains were about 10 times more sensitive than Microcystis viridis. The high concentration of dissolved ions appeared to have less effect on cyanobacterial PSII. Although the bottom meta‐ and hypolimnion layers were proven to negatively influence the cyanobacteria, the perennial stratification of the lake does not enable the water characteristics of the upper layers to change extensively and thus possibly suppresses the undesirable cyanobacterial bloom. The response of cyanobacteria to spoil‐heap waters appears to be species‐specific and can promote selection of those resistant to postmining environments.
Make-Believing White Civility: Historical Re-enactments at Fort Langley, British Columbia
Authors: Davies Megan 
Published: January 2015

In 1858 Governor James Douglas proclaimed British Columbia a colony at Fort Langley before an audience of Hudson’s Bay Company officials, workers, and Indigenous leaders. The Proclamation dissolved the Hudson’s Bay Company trading monopoly and, while claiming to protect Indigenous lands, actually asserted British ownership of their territory. In the present, Fort Langley National Historic Site holds regular re-enactments of the Proclamation through their educational programs targeting local schools. The script for these re-enactments, authored by Parks Canada staff, allows schoolchildren to role-play a scenario in which James Douglas proclaims British Columbia a colony to protect Indigenous lands, without explicitly staging the negative consequences for Indigenous peoples that the claiming of those lands caused. I link these two events, the 1858 Proclamation and the present-day re-enactments, by comparing the script’s content to its historical and contemporary context. I conclude that the Proclamation re-enactments become performances of recolonization when Parks Canada deceptively presents its own wry civility (Daniel Coleman). The 1858 Proclamation’s embedded civility, and its repetition and reformation in the contemporary script, the production process, and the surrounding social structure, allows colonial ideology to be physicalized, invested, and passed on to and through children at the Fort Langley National Historic Site.
Spontaneous regression of infantile dural-based non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis after surgery: case report
Authors: Miyake Yohei , Ito Susumu , Tanaka Mio , Tanaka Yukichi 
Published: January 2015

The authors report the case of a large left occipital mass lesion in an 8-month-old boy who presented with seizure. Neuroimaging demonstrated an approximately 5-cm extraaxial tumor, and the patient underwent partial resection. The tumor was strongly attached to the tentorium and falx. In the postoperative course the residual lesion regressed spontaneously, and after 5 years only a slight residual tumor remained along the tentorium. Histopathological examination of the tumor revealed non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis (non-LCH). However, the tumor was not diagnosed as juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) because it lacked Touton giant cells. Hence, the authors described this lesion as a fibroxanthogranuloma.
Most intracraniospinal non-LCHs have been reported as JXG; however, several cases of xanthomatous tumors with histopathological features resembling those of JXG have been described as fibrous xanthoma, xanthoma, fibroxanthoma, and xanthogranuloma. Among JXG and the xanthomatous tumors, a review of the literature revealed several cases of dural-based tumors; these dural-based tumors have had favorable courses, including the case described in this report. In addition, the patient in the present case experienced spontaneous regression of the residual tumor. The authors report this unique case and review the literature on isolated intracraniospinal non-LCHs, especially in cases of dural-based lesion.
Complete sequencing and characterization of equine aggrecan
Authors: Caporali E. H. G. , Kuykendall T. , Stewart M. C. 
Published: January 2015

SummaryObjectives: To fully sequence and characterize equine aggrecan and confirm conservation of major aggrecanase, calpain and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) cleavage sites.Methods: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and rapid amplification of cDNA ends were used to generate clones that encompassed the complete equine aggrecan sequence. Clones were sequenced and compared with the equine genome database to determine intron-exon boundaries.Results: The aggrecan gene spans over 61 kb on chromosome 1 and is encoded by 17 exons. Two major variants of aggrecan were cloned; one containing 8187 bp (2728 amino acids) and a second sequence of 8061 nucleotides (2686 amino acids). The variation was due to a CS1 domain polymorphism. Both sequences are substantially larger than predicted by the genomic database; 11 CS1 repeat elements are absent in the database sequence. The equine amino acid sequence was compared with human, bovine and murine sequences. Globular domains 1, 2 and 3 are highly conserved (overall identity over 80%). Equine CS1 is considerably larger than in other species and, therefore, is the least conserved domain (an overall amino acid identity of 22%). Previously defined aggrecanase, calpain and MMP cleavage sites were identified. Western blotting of chondrocyte culture samples showed complex post-secretion processing.Clinical significance: The complete equine aggrecan sequence will support more in-depth research on aggrecan processing and degradation in equine articular cartilage and other musculoskeletal tissues.
Development and characterization of microsatellite loci for the pseudometallophyte Commelina communis (Commelinaceae)
Authors: Li Jiao‐Kun , Song Yun‐Peng , Xu Hui , Zhu Jian‐Yu , Tang Lu‐Lu 
Published: January 2015

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite primers were developed for the pseudometallophyte Commelina communis (Commelinaceae), an important pioneer plant for phytoremediation of copper‐contaminated soil. Two wild populations collected from metalliferous and nonmetalliferous sites were used to assess the polymorphism at each locus.• Methods and Results: Based on the Fast Isolation by AFLP of Sequences COntaining repeats (FIASCO) method, a total of 34 pairs of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were designed. When 40 specimens from two populations were screened, 12 microsatellite loci were found to be highly polymorphic. The number of alleles per locus ranged from one to 11 and the observed and expected heterozygosity per locus ranged from 0.000 to 1.000 and from 0.195 to 0.941, respectively.• Conclusions: These markers will be useful for examining genetic diversity, population structure, and gene flow in populations of C. communis under different edaphic conditions and guiding sustainable management plans for phytoremediation.
L'enseignement de la science infirmière en formation initiale Bachelor : processus de développement d'une vision partagée
Authors: da Rocha Gora , Regat-Bikoï Chantal , Montreuil Chantal , Doyon Odette 
Published: January 2015

Le projet de développement et d’implantation de l’enseignement de la science infirmière en formation initiale au niveau « Bachelor » est né des recommandations formulées dans le nouveau Plan d’études-cadre (PEC 2012) pour la formation Bachelor of Science des filières du domaine Santé de la haute école spécialisée de Suisse occidentale (HES-SO). Considérant les questions soulevées par des enseignants autour des connaissances fondamentales à enseigner en formation initiale, dans un continuum Master et Doctorat en science infirmière, la direction de l’institution a mandaté des étudiantes consultantes inscrites au programme Master en sciences infirmières pour soutenir une réflexion avec des enseignants pour la mise en place d’un dispositif pour implanter l’enseignement de la science infirmière. À partir d’une méthodologie d’intervention fondée sur une approche systémique, des entretiens auprès des enseignants, d’experts nationaux et internationaux en science infirmière et de dirigeants d’instituts de formation et de recherche en soins ont permis d’orienter l’implantation du projet selon deux priorités d’action : l’intégration d’une conception de la discipline infirmière au sein de la filière ; et la conception d’un dispositif de formation selon la conception choisie. Ce projet original a permis d’accompagner un changement concerté et en profondeur au niveau de l’enseignant, de l’organisation du plan de formation et de l’institution pour un renouvellement d’une vision partagée de la pratique de l’enseignement de la science infirmière.
Experimental Investigation of <sup>99m</sup>Тс-Nanotech Used for Lymph Nodes Visualization
Authors: Sinilkin Ivan , Chernov Vladimir , Titskaya Anna , Zelchan Roman , Daneikina Natalya 
Published: January 2015

Measurement of colloidal particles size was performed on a NICOMP 380 ZLS. Pharmacokinetics. Radiometry of the organs was carried out on γ-spectrometer. Measurement of the sizes of radioactive particles of 99mTc-nanotech showed that average dynamic diameter of RFP particle ranged from 16.7 to 24.5 nm. 99mTc-nanotech received by the blood is actively trapped by liver and spleen. Inguinal lymph node in all animals was clearly visualized during lymphoscintigraphy on the 15th minute. Maximum accumulation of 99mTc-nanotech was observed in 3 hours. Experimental study of radiopharmaceutical 99mTc-nanotech showed that the nanocolloid can be used for lymphoscintigraphy and visualization of “sentinel” nodes.
Treatment results in advanced stage Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Authors: Jain H , Sengar M , Nair R , Menon H , Laskar S , Shet T , Gujral S , Sridhar E 
Published: January 2015

Background:
Hodgkin's lymphoma displays distinct epidemiological attributes in Asian population thus making it relevant to study whether there are any differences in treatment outcomes too when treated with current standard of care.

Aim:
To evaluate the treatment outcomes of de-novo advanced stage HL in adults.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study included de-novo advanced stage HL patients (≥15 years) registered at our center from January 2004 to December 2007. Treatment outcomes were measured in terms of response rates, overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Overall and PFS were calculated with Kaplan-Meier methodology and Cox-proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis to identify prognostic factors.

Results:
There were 125 patients (males 77%) who received minimum one cycle of chemotherapy with median age of 32 years (Range 15-65 years). Stage IV disease was seen in (46 patients) 37%; 75% (94 patients) patients had B symptoms. International prognostic score (IPS) ≤4 was seen in 95/112 (85%) patients. ABVD (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) chemotherapy was given to 94%. Radiation to residual/bulky sites was given to 36% (45 patients). Response data was available for 112 patients; complete response in 76%; partial response in 10 % and progressive disease in 3 patients. Nineteen deaths (progressive disease-7, toxicity-8, unrelated cause-4) were observed. At median follow-up of 28 months, estimated 5-year OS and PFS were 60% and 58%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, IPS and response to treatment were significant factors for both OS and PFS. Conclusions: The treatment outcomes in this study are comparable with the published literature with limited follow-up data.
Surgical checklist application and its impact on patient safety in pediatric surgery
Authors: Oak SN , Dave NM , Garasia MB , Parelkar SV 
Published: January 2015

Background:
Surgical care is an essential component of health care of children worldwide. Incidences of congenital anomalies, trauma, cancers and acquired diseases continue to rise and along with that the impact of surgical intervention on public health system also increases. It then becomes essential that the surgical teams make the procedures safe and error proof. The World Health Organization (WHO) has instituted the surgical checklist as a global initiative to improve surgical safety.

Aims:
To assess the acceptance, application and adherence to the WHO Safe Surgery Checklist in Pediatric Surgery Practice at a university teaching hospital.

Materials and Methods:
In a prospective study, spanning 2 years, the checklist was implemented for all patients who underwent operative procedures under general anesthesia. The checklist identified three phases of an operation, each corresponding to a specific period in the normal flow of work: Before the induction of anesthesia ("sign in"), before the skin incision ("time out") and before the patient leaves the operating room ("sign out"). In each phase, an anesthesiologist,-"checklist coordinator," confirmed that the anesthesia, surgery and nursing teams have completed the listed tasks before proceeding with the operation and exit. The checklist was used for 3000 consecutive patients.

Results:
No major perioperative errors were noted. In 54 (1.8%) patients, children had the same names and identical surgical procedure posted on the same operation list. The patient identification tag was missing in four (0.1%) patients. Mention of the side of procedures was missing in 108 (3.6%) cases. In 0.1% (3) of patients there was mix up of the mention of side of operation in the case papers and consent forms. In 78 (2.6%) patients, the consent form was not signed by parents/guardians or the side of the procedure was not quoted. Antibiotic orders were missing in five (0.2%) patients. In 12 (0.4%) cases, immobilization of the patients was suboptimal, which led to displacement of diathermy grounding pad. In 54 (1.8%) patients, the checklist was not used at all. In 76 (2.5%) patients the checklist was found to be incompletely filled. Conclusions: Our study supports the use of the checklist as an essential safety tool and reinforcement of the same. The checklist may act as a valuable prompt to focus the team, to ensure that even the simple things have been cared for.
Energy Limits in Second Generation High-pitch Dual Source CT - Comparison in an Upper Abdominal Phantom
Authors: Beeres Martin , Bauer Ralf W , Kerl Josef M , Vogl Thomas J , Lee Clara 
Published: January 2015

Objectives:
The aim of our study was to find out how much energy is applicable in second-generation dual source high-pitch computed tomography (CT) in imaging of the abdomen.

Materials and Methods:
We examined an upper abdominal phantom using a Somatom Definition Flash CT-Scanner (Siemens, Forchheim, Germany). The study protocol consisted of a scan-series at 100 kV and 120 kV. In each scan series we started with a pitch of 3.2 and reduced it in steps of 0.2, until a pitch of 1.6 was reached. The current was adjusted to the maximum the scanner could achieve. Energy values, image noise, image quality, and radiation exposure were evaluated.

Results:
For a pitch of 3.2 the maximum applicable current was 142 mAs at 120 kV and in 100 kV the maximum applicable current was 114 mAs. For conventional abdominal imaging, current levels of 200 to 260 mAs are generally used. To achieve similar current levels, we had to decrease the pitch to 1.8 at 100 kV — at this pitch we could perform our imaging at 204 mAs. At a pitch of 2.2 in 120 kV we could apply a current of 206 mAs.

Conclusion:
We conclude our study by stating that if there is a need for a higher current, we have to reduce the pitch. In a high-pitch dual source CT, we always have to remember where our main focus is, so we can adjust the pitch to the energy we need in the area of the body that has to be imaged, to find answers to the clinical question being raised.
Correlation between Ocular Biometry and Amplitude of Accommodation in Early Presbyopia
Authors: Faramarzi Amir , Bagheri Abbas , Karimian Farid , Shaianfar Halimeh , Razzaghi Mohammad Reza , Yazdani Shahin 
Published: January 2015

Purpose To determine the correlation between ocular biometric parameters and the amplitude of accommodation in early presbyopic eyes. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 62 eyes of 62 subjects aged from 40 to 49 years. All participants were emmetropic (spherical equivalent refractive error within 0.50 D of emmetropia with astigmatism less than 0.75 D) and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was 20/20. Only the right eyes of all subjects were included for analysis. In all subjects a complete ophthalmologic examination was performed and the amplitude of accommodation (AA) was measured by two methods: method of spheres and push-up test. Optical biometry was performed using Lenstar® (Haag-Streit AG, Koeniz, Switzerland) and keratometry (KR), anterior chamber depth (corneal epithelium to lens) (ACD), lens thickness (LT), vitreous length (VL), and axial length (AL) were measured before and after cycloplegia. Results Mean age of the study participants was 44 ± 2 years and 36 subjects (58%) were men. Mean AA was 3.29 ± 1.36 D. There were statistically significant differences between ACD, LT, and AL values measured before and after cycloplegia. There was no significant correlation between AA and any biometric parameter measured by Lenstar using univariate and multivariate analysis. Conclusions According to this study, there seems to be no correlation between KR, ACD, LT, VL, and AL with AA in early presbyopic eyes.