bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wading Through the Consequences of Policy Decisions
Authors: Boyd Fenice B. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAs long as we have schools, teachers and students, educational policy mandates, with a one‐size‐fits all subtext will always ebb and flow. Schools however, will forever encounter diversity writ large—teachers and students, families, languages, cognitive and academic abilities, interests, etc. The policy decisions do not necessarily fit the constituents’ needs. Boyd recounts her experience of visiting a bilingual, special education, science class, and her attempts to participate and understand, when the lesson was taught in Spanish. She argues that if policy decisions are truly made to positively impact students in order for them to be college and career ready, then it would seem feasible that policymakers take the time to conduct school visits in order to discern the needs of the constituents who will be affected by their policy mandates.
21st‐Century Mentor Texts: Developing Critical Literacies in the Information Age
Authors: Gainer Jesse 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis column explores the idea of using 21st‐century mentor texts to guide students in the development of critical literacy. The column focuses on one example from the U.S. presidential election of 2012 to illustrate how teachers might engage students to unpack the socially constructed nature of literacy. The author argues that the changing reading and writing practices of our new literacy landscape require new forms of apprenticeships to help students develop critical lenses to read the world.
What WAS Hot (and Not) in Literacy: What We Can Learn
Authors: Cassidy Jack , Ortlieb Evan 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe annual What's Hot, What's Not in Literacy Survey has helped to define the literacy agenda and highlight topics receiving attention in the field over the last 15 years. The ebb and flow of the field of literacy often shifts with changes in legislation, policy, and curricula. As a result, what was formerly hot may subsequently receive less attention or even fall off the list entirely. Some topics that were once on the list never received the attention that some educators believed they deserved. This article examines the background behind previously hot issues and other topics that were on the list but never considered hot.
Interdisciplinary Literacy Through Social Media in the Mathematics Classroom: An Action Research Study
Authors: Casey Gail 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis article looks at how social and participatory media can be used to strengthen interdisciplinary literacy and connects the multimodality of social environments with Middle‐Years Mathematics curriculum and delivery. The article reports on part of an eighteen months action research study in an Australian public high school within the author's two Year 8 Mathematics classes. The article provides student samples from within these classes as it contributes evidence and analyses that may help to inform teachers from across subject areas to recognise and implement literacy practices, not as an isolated classroom activity, but across their disciplines. By taking a more ‘social’ approach to designing projects for Middle‐Years Mathematics, this study supports concepts of literacy as a social, cognitive and cultural practice.
The alkylphenols 4‐nonylphenol, 4‐tert‐octylphenol and 4‐tert‐butylphenol aggravate atopic dermatitis‐like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice
Authors: Sadakane Kaori , Ichinose Takamichi , Takano Hirohisa , Yanagisawa Rie , Koike Eiko , Inoue Ken‐ichiro 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTPhthalate esters in plastics act as adjuvants for immunoglobulin production, which aggravates allergic disease. However, the effects of alkylphenols (used as plasticizers and surfactants) on atopic dermatitis have not been studied in detail. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of the alkylphenols 4‐nonylphenol (NP), 4‐tert‐octylphenol (OP) and 4‐tert‐butylphenol (BP) in a murine model of atopic dermatitis. NC/Nga mice were intraperitoneally administered NP, OP or BP and were subcutaneously injected with mite allergen in one ear to induce atopic dermatitis‐like skin lesions (ADSLs). The condition of the skin was observed, and the levels of immunoglobulin in serum and inflammatory cytokines in lesions were determined. NP exacerbated mite allergen‐induced ADSLs according to dose. OP and BP also significantly exacerbated skin lesions but not as a function of dose. Alkylphenols tended to increase the levels of IgE and antigen‐specific IgG1 in serum. Further, the treatment of the alkylphenols increased the expression in lesions of inflammatory cytokines, interleukin‐4 and monocyte chemotactic protein‐3. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin levels increased according to ADSL severity. In contrast, the levels of the T‐helper 1 cytokines (interleukin‐18 and interferon‐gamma) decreased. NP, OP or BP may enhance T‐helper 2‐type immune responses in NC/Nga mice, which aggravates mite allergen‐induced ADSLs. Therefore, the uptake of very low levels of alkylphenols may contribute to the increase in the incidence of atopic dermatitis. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Encapsulated dental‐derived mesenchymal stem cells in an injectable and biodegradable scaffold for applications in bone tissue engineering
Authors: Moshaverinia Alireza , Chen Chider , Akiyama Kentaro , Xu Xingtian , Chee Winston W. L. , Schricker Scott R , Shi Songtao 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBone grafts are currently the major family of treatment options in modern reconstructive dentistry. As an alternative, stem cell‐scaffold constructs seem to hold promise for bone tissue engineering. However, the feasibility of encapsulating dental‐derived mesenchymal stem cells in scaffold biomaterials such as alginate hydrogel remains to be tested. The objectives of this study were, therefore, to: (1) develop an injectable scaffold based on oxidized alginate microbeads encapsulating periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs); and (2) investigate the cell viability and osteogenic differentiation of the stem cells in the microbeads both in vitro and in vivo. Microbeads with diameters of 1 ± 0.1 mm were fabricated with 2 × 106 stem cells/mL of alginate. Microbeads containing PDLSCs, GMSCs, and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells as a positive control were implanted subcutaneously and ectopic bone formation was analyzed by micro CT and histological analysis at 8‐weeks postimplantation. The encapsulated stem cells remained viable after 4 weeks of culturing in osteo‐differentiating induction medium. Scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction results confirmed that apatitic mineral was deposited by the stem cells. In vivo, ectopic mineralization was observed inside and around the implanted microbeads containing the immobilized stem cells. These findings demonstrate for the first time that immobilization of PDLSCs and GMSCs in alginate microbeads provides a promising strategy for bone tissue engineering. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 101A: 3285–3294, 2013.
Surface porosity and roughness of micrographite film for nucleation of hydroxyapatite
Authors: Asanithi Piyapong 
Published: August 2013

AbstractHeterogeneous nucleation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) can be facilitated by physical and chemical properties of material surface. In this article, we reported how effective surface porosity and roughness are for inducing nucleation of HAp crystal in simulated body fluid. Two types of micrographite film (MGF) prepared from assembly of micrographite flakes were used as seeds to induce HAp crystal: uncompressed (high surface porosity) and compressed (low surface porosity) MGFs. Compressed MGF was prepared by applying mechanical compression to the uncompressed MGF. Uncompressed and compressed MGFs have similar surface wettability with the water contact angles (θ) of 113° and 107°, respectively. The number density of HAp crystals on the uncompressed MGF was higher than that of the compressed MGF by a factor of 6. This result implied that surface porosity and roughness were more effective parameters for inducing HAp crystal than surface wettability. Uncompressed MGF also induced HAp nucleation better than a cover glass although the glass had high wettability (θ = 64°). The effectiveness of uncompressed MGF on inducing HAp crystals was as high as that of the SiO2‐coated Si substrate. Our finding suggests that we do not require to functionalize material surface to be an effective seed; a surface with pores or roughness of the right scale is enough. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 2590–2599, 2014.
5‐Florouracil‐loaded poly(lactic acid)‐poly(caprolactone) hybrid scaffold: Potential chemotherapeutic implant
Authors: Gupta Kamal K. , Pal Namrata , Mishra Pradeep K. , Srivastava Pradeep , Mohanty Sujata , Maiti Pralay 
Published: August 2013

AbstractHybrid nanofibers of poly(lactic acid) and polycaprolactone have been developed by embedding cancerous drug through electrospinning technique. The composition of polymer has been varied to check the compositional effect on properties. The quality of nanofibers has been testified through surface morphology, wetting properties using contact angle and mechanical strength under uniaxial elongation. The compatibility of drug (5‐fluorourasil) with matrix fiber has been verified using Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The drug release study has been performed showing greater release in hybrid fibers when compared with pure polymers as a result of synergism of two immiscible polymers and quasi‐Fickian diffusion mechanism in hybrid nanofiber as implants showing compositional effect on drug release. A model has been proposed showing faster release of drugs in hybrid systems. Biological responses through fluorescence imaging and MTT assay confirm the release of drug from hybrid nanofibers showing potential use of hybrid scaffolds as chemotherapeutic implant. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 2600–2612, 2014.
Influence of nanoparticle‐embedded polymeric surfaces on cellular adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation
Authors: Ventrelli Letizia , Fujie Toshinori , Turco Serena Del , Basta Giuseppina , Mazzolai Barbara , Mattoli Virgilio 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe development of functional substrates to direct cellular organization is important for biomedical applications such as regenerative medicine and biorobotics. In this study, we prepared freestanding polymeric ultrathin films (nanofilms) consisting of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), and evaluated the effects of their surface properties on the organization of cardiac‐like rat myoblasts (H9c2). We changed surface properties of the PLA nanofilms (i.e., roughness and wettability) as a function of MNPs concentration. We found that the incorporation of MNPs into the nanofilms enhanced both proliferation and adhesion of H9c2 cells. Through the morphological assessment of the differentiated H9c2 cells, we also found that the presence of MNPs significantly increased the fusion index and the surface area of myotubes. In conclusion, the embedding of MNPs is a simple method to tailor the physicochemical properties of the polymeric nanofilms, yet it is an effective approach to enhance the cellular morphogenesis in the field of cardiac tissue engineering for regenerative medicine and biorobotics applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 2652–2661, 2014.
The targeting nanothin polyelectrolyte shells in system with immobilized bacterial cells for antitumor factor production
Authors: Granicka L. H. , Borkowska M. , Grzeczkowicz A. , Stachowiak R. , Szklarczyk M. , Bielecki J. , Strawski M. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractDevelopment of anticancer treatment strategies is ongoing considering still inadequate efficiency of existing anticancer therapeutics. Moreover, the lack of therapeutic agents selectivity against the tumor cells requires further investigations into novel anticancer strategies. The use of pathogenic microorganisms producing an oncolytic agent may be an approach for apoptotic therapy in cancer treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the targeting efficiency of Bacillus subtilis bacterial cells coated with modified polyelectrolyte shells applied to protect the bacterial cells from potential host immune response as well as to enhance the tumor‐targeting efficiency. The shells were modified with transferrin to increase affinity toward the target tumor cells. The impact of bacterial cells coated with unmodified or modified nanothin shells on human leukemia cells was evaluated in vitro. It was observed that the bacterial cells coated with modified shells with incorporated transferrin exhibited stronger lethal impact on leukemia cells as compared to bacterial cells with unmodified shell coating. Applied modified membrane conformation allowing for functioning of encapsulated microorganisms may find potential use in local antitumor treatment purposes. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 2662–2668, 2014.
A phenotypic comparison of osteoblast cell lines versus human primary osteoblasts for biomaterials testing
Authors: Czekanska E. M. , Stoddart M. J. , Ralphs J. R. , Richards R. G. , Hayes J. S. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractImmortalized cell lines are used more frequently in basic and applied biology research than primary bone‐derived cells because of their ease of access and repeatability of results in experiments. It is clear that these cell models do not fully resemble the behavior of primary osteoblast cells. Although the differences will affect the results of biomaterials testing, they are not clearly defined. Here, we focused on comparing proliferation and maturation potential of three osteoblast cell lines, SaOs2, MG‐63, and MC3T3‐E1 with primary human osteoblast (HOb) cells to assess their suitability as in vitro models for biomaterials testing. We report similarities in cell proliferation and mineralization between primary cells and MC3T3‐E1. Both, SaOs2 and MG‐63 cells demonstrated a higher proliferation rate than HOb cells. In addition, SaOs2, but not MG‐63, cells demonstrated similar ALP activity, mineralization potential and gene regulation to HOb's. Our results demonstrate that despite SaOs‐2, MG63, and MC3T3 cells being popular choices for emulating osteoblast behavior, none can be considered appropriate replacements for HOb's. Nevertheless, these cell lines all demonstrated some distinct similarities with HOb's, thus when applied in the correct context are a valuable in vitro pilot model of osteoblast functionality, but should not be used to replace primary cell studies. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 2636–2643, 2014.
A study on the perceptual relevance of crosstalk equations for stereoscopic displays
Authors: Xia Zhenping , Li Xiaohua , Cui Yuan , Chen Lei , Teunissen Kees 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAlthough several crosstalk definitions have been proposed to indicate the level of crosstalk in stereoscopic displays, they do not necessarily correlate with perceived crosstalk. Based on two perception experiments, with each a different approach, we studied the correspondence between 10 objective crosstalk equations and perceived crosstalk. The first experiment, in which the crosstalk level was evaluated, demonstrates that crosstalk equations based on Weber's law (ΔL/L) show the highest correlation with perceived crosstalk for the most critical case, that is, a center circle in an outer disc. A second experiment, based on crosstalk visibility thresholds, supported that crosstalk equations based on Weber's law show the highest correspondence with human perception.
AEOLIAN TRANSPORT AND SANDY DESERTIFICATION IN SEMIARID CHINA: A WIND TUNNEL APPROACH
Authors: Wang X. , Wang G. , Lang L. , Hua T. , Wang H. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTBy using surface samples collected in areas under high desertification risk in semiarid China, the roles of aeolian transport and the surface characteristics on sandy desertification were analysed. The results show that vegetation cover may not play the key role in the aeolian processes. However, the content of silt and clay decrease the aeolian transport rates even when the surfaces are moderately crushed. The low moisture content of the surface soils (<1%) did not play an important role in the aeolian transport rate. The intensity of aeolian transport was mainly determined by the availability of the erodible material. Considering that human activities may not result in the surfaces being completely crushed, moderate human activities may not trigger severe desertification. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fruits of Their Labour: Urbanisation, Orchard Crops, and Dental Health in Early Bronze Age Jordan
Authors: Ullinger J. M. , Sheridan S. G. , Guatelli‐Steinberg D. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe analysis of dental remains, which outlast most other tissues in the human body, provides insight into past diet, activity patterns and ancestry. The remains from Bab edh‐Dhra' represent the only skeletal sample available to assess the impact of agricultural intensification in the Early Bronze Age of the southern Levant (ca. 3500–2000 bce). This era ushered in a period of ‘urbanisation’, evidenced by fortified towns, planned roadways, developments in irrigation and growing population density. During this time, the cultivation, trade and consumption of orchard taxa (such as figs, grapes and olives) increased. This paper examines changes in the teeth associated with agricultural intensification involving orchard crops as well as grains. Dental caries, ante mortem tooth loss and dental wear are examined for Early Bronze IA (EBIA; 3500–3300 bce) and Early Bronze II–III (EBII–III; 3100–2300 bce) teeth from the site of Bab edh‐Dhra', located in modern‐day Jordan. Due to the commingling, general tooth groups (e.g. molars) and specific tooth types (e.g. lower left canine) were used to compare periods. Although age and sex could not be identified for every tooth, analyses of crania and os coxae showed no significant difference in demographic profiles of EBIA and EBII–III. No statistically significant increase was found over time in dental caries frequency; however, teeth for which the cause of pulp exposure could be determined suggested that caries increasingly led to exfoliation. Indeed, ante mortem tooth loss rose significantly with time, whereas dental wear decreased. In general, changes in oral health were consistent with an archaeological record of greater consumption of softer, stickier foods, such as fruits. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Treponemal Disease, Tuberculosis and Subsistence‐settlement Pattern in the Late Woodland Period West‐central Illinois
Authors: Mosher G. M. , Smith M. O. , Albrecht J. L. , Salaka V. P. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIn later pre‐Columbian prehistory (post AD 1000), the adaptation and intensification of maize agriculture and its correlate of aggregate village settlement (i.e. Mississippianization) is temporally and geographically variable. In the Midwest, consequential to the florescence of the major ceremonial centre of Cahokia (AD 1050–1300), the Mississippi River Valley alluvial plain in Illinois, known as the American Bottom, became a core area of this subsistence‐settlement change. Much archaeological research has traced aspects of this transition in the Lower and Middle Illinois River Valley, but little is known outside of these areas. A skeletal sample from the remote hinterland area of the Upper Mississippi River in west‐central Illinois was examined for arguable paleopathological correlates of sedentism (treponemal disease) and Mississippianization (tuberculosis). The Schroeder Mounds (AD 900–1100) adult skeletal sample (N = 53) exhibited a high frequency of treponemal disease (13.2–15.1%). This result is consistent with paleopathological literature linking a 9+ % pre‐Columbian North American prevalence with sedentism, challenging archaeologically based inferences that the hinterland was occupied by mobile forager‐horticulturalists. A hallmark of Mississippianization is the presence of diagnostic cases of tuberculosis. No cases were observed in the Schroeder sample, suggesting a pre‐Mississippian subsistence‐settlement pattern. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The clinical utility of microarray technologies applied to prenatal cytogenetics in the presence of a normal conventional karyotype: a review of the literature
Authors: Callaway Jonathan L. A. , Shaffer Lisa G. , Chitty Lyn S. , Rosenfeld Jill A. , Crolla John A. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTThe clinical utility of microarray technologies when used in the context of prenatal diagnosis lies in the technology's ability to detect submicroscopic copy number changes that are associated with clinically significant outcomes. We have carried out a systematic review of the literature to calculate the utility of prenatal microarrays in the presence of a normal conventional karyotype. Amongst 12 362 cases in studies that recruited cases from all prenatal ascertainment groups, 295/12 362 (2.4%) overall were reported to have copy number changes with associated clinical significance (pCNC), 201/3090 (6.5%) when ascertained with an abnormal ultrasound, 50/5108 (1.0%) when ascertained because of increased maternal age and 44/4164 (1.1%) for all other ascertainment groups (e.g. parental anxiety and abnormal serum screening result). When additional prenatal microarray studies are included in which ascertainment was restricted to fetuses with abnormal ultrasound scans, 262/3730 (7.0%) were reported to have pCNCs. © 2013 The Authors. Prenatal Diagnosis published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Enhanced mobility and environmental stability in all organic field‐effect transistors: The role of high dipole moment solvent
Authors: Ukah Ndubuisi B. , Senanayak Satyaprasad P. , Adil Danish , Knotts Grant , Granstrom Jimmy , Narayan K. S. , Guha Suchi 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTLow‐operating voltage, high mobility, and stable organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) using polymeric dielectrics such as pristine poly(4‐vinyl phenol) (PVP) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), dissolved in solvents of high dipole moment, have been achieved. High dipole moment solvents such as propylene carbonate and dimethyl sulfoxide used for dissolving the polymer dielectric enhance the charge carrier mobilities by three orders of magnitude in pentacene OFETs compared with low dipole moment solvents. Fast switching circuits with patterned gate PVP‐based pentacene OFETs demonstrated a switching frequency of 75 kHz at input voltages of |5 V|. The frequency response of the OFETs is attributed to a high degree of dipolar‐order in dielectric films obtained from high‐polarity solvents and the resulting energetically ordered landscape for transport. Remarkably, these pentacene‐based OFETs exhibited high stability under bias stress and in air with negligible shifts in the threshold voltage. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2013, 51, 1533–1542