bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the quality of radiomics-based studies for endometrial cancer using RQS and METRICS tools
Authors: Russo Luca , Bottazzi Silvia , Kocak Burak , Zormpas-Petridis Konstantinos , Gui Benedetta , Stanzione Arnaldo , Imbriaco Massimo , Sala Evis , Cuocolo Renato , Ponsiglione Andrea 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
To assess the methodological quality of radiomics-based models in endometrial cancer using the radiomics quality score (RQS) and METhodological radiomICs score (METRICS).

Methods
We systematically reviewed studies published by October 30th, 2023. Inclusion criteria were original radiomics studies on endometrial cancer using CT, MRI, PET, or ultrasound. Articles underwent a quality assessment by novice and expert radiologists using RQS and METRICS. The inter-rater reliability for RQS and METRICS among radiologists with varying expertise was determined. Subgroup analyses were performed to assess whether scores varied according to study topic, imaging technique, publication year, and journal quartile.

Results
Sixty-eight studies were analysed, with a median RQS of 11 (IQR, 9–14) and METRICS score of 67.6% (IQR, 58.8–76.0); two different articles reached maximum RQS of 19 and METRICS of 90.7%, respectively. Most studies utilised MRI (82.3%) and machine learning methods (88.2%). Characterisation and recurrence risk stratification were the most explored outcomes, featured in 35.3% and 19.1% of articles, respectively. High inter-rater reliability was observed for both RQS (ICC: 0.897; 95% CI: 0.821, 0.946) and METRICS (ICC: 0.959; 95% CI: 0.928, 0.979). Methodological limitations such as lack of external validation suggest areas for improvement. At subgroup analyses, no statistically significant difference was noted.

Conclusions
Whilst using RQS, the quality of endometrial cancer radiomics research was apparently unsatisfactory, METRICS depicts a good overall quality. Our study highlights the need for strict compliance with quality metrics. Adhering to these quality measures can increase the consistency of radiomics towards clinical application in the pre-operative management of endometrial cancer.

Clinical relevance statement
Both the RQS and METRICS can function as instrumental tools for identifying different methodological deficiencies in endometrial cancer radiomics research. However, METRICS also reflected a focus on the practical applicability and clarity of documentation.

Key Points

The topic of radiomics currently lacks standardisation, limiting clinical implementation.

METRICS scores were generally higher than the RQS, reflecting differences in the development process and methodological content.

A positive trend in METRICS score may suggest growing attention to methodological aspects in radiomics research.
Turing Bifurcation in the Swift–Hohenberg Equation on Deterministic and Random Graphs
Authors: Medvedev Georgi S. , Pelinovsky Dmitry E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Swift–Hohenberg equation (SHE) is a partial differential equation that explains how patterns emerge from a spatially homogeneous state. It has been widely used in the theory of pattern formation. Following a recent study by Bramburger and Holzer (SIAM J Math Anal 55(3):2150–2185, 2023), we consider discrete SHE on deterministic and random graphs. The two families of the discrete models share the same continuum limit in the form of a nonlocal SHE on a circle. The analysis of the continuous system, parallel to the analysis of the classical SHE, shows bifurcations of spatially periodic solutions at critical values of the control parameters. However, the proximity of the discrete models to the continuum limit does not guarantee that the same bifurcations take place in the discrete setting in general, because some of the symmetries of the continuous model do not survive discretization. We use the center manifold reduction and normal forms to obtain precise information about the number and stability of solutions bifurcating from the homogeneous state in the discrete models on deterministic and sparse random graphs. Moreover, we present detailed numerical results for the discrete SHE on the nearest-neighbor and small-world graphs.
Effect of infundibulopelvic angle on outcomes of ureteroscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Leighton James , Dingwall Arran , Whitehead Sophie , Luk Angus , Gauhar Vineet , Somani Bhaskar , Geraghty Robert 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The infundibulo-pelvic angle (IPA) is reportedly a predictor of successful ureteroscopy for lower pole renal stones, however there is uncertainty at which IPA success is likely. We therefore aimed to perform a meta-analysis and determine at which the angle of likely success and failure.

Methods
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis as per Cochrane guidelines in accordance to the PRISMA statement. The review was registered with PROSPERO prior to commencement (ID: CRD42022296732). We included studies reporting on outcomes of ureteroscopy for lower pole stones, with IPA. We excluded patients undergoing alternative treatments for lower pole stones, anatomical abnormalities and studies with < 10 patients. We assessed bias with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. We performed meta-analysis in R, and summarised the findings as per GRADE.

Results
Overall, there were 13 studies included, with 10 included for meta-analysis. These studies covered n = 1964 patients (71% stone free). Overall, the stone free patients had a significantly less acute mean IPA (52o ± 9o), compared to the non-stone free patients (39o ± 7o), on meta-analysis (REM MD = -13.0, 95% CI: -18.7 to -7.2, p < 0.001). On examination of forest plots, at IPA < 30o no patients were stone free, whilst > 50o all were stone free. Risk of bias was moderate, and certainty of evidence was ‘very low’.

Conclusion
With a very low certainty of evidence, we demonstrate that at an IPA of < 30o no patient is stone free, whilst > 50o all patients (in this review) are stone free. More evidence is therefore needed.
Epidemiological changes in the pattern of children’s traumatic injuries at Hong Kong emergency departments during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective, single-institutional, serial and comparative study
Authors: Tsang Jaime Tsz-wing , Fung Adrian Chi-heng , Wong Heidi Hay-tai , Dai Wing Chiu , Wong Kenneth Kak-yuen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Trauma is the leading cause of paediatric mortality and morbidity. Stay-home regulations for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reportedly changed trauma severity, yet data from Hong Kong were lacking. This study examined Hong Kong’s spectrum of paediatric trauma and addressed knowledge gaps concerning epidemiological changes during COVID-19.

Methods
Children with traumatic injuries who attended a tertiary trauma centre from January 2010 to March 2022 were included in this retrospective, cross-sectional study. We analysed demographic and clinical data and conducted unadjusted bivariate analyses of injury patterns before and after the pandemic.

Results
In total, 725 children attended the Accident and Emergency Department due to trauma, 585 before and 140 during COVID-19. The male-to-female ratio was 1.84:1. The 90-day trauma-related mortality was 0.7%. The overall Injury Severity Score was 3.52 ± 5.95. The paediatric trauma incidence was similar before and after social-distancing policies (both 5.8 cases monthly). Gender, ISS distribution, intensive care unit stay length, and hospital stay length values were similar (p > 0.05). Trauma call activation (8.4% vs. 5.7%, p = 0.002) and road traffic accidents (10.6% vs. 5.7%, p = 0.009) significantly decreased, yet younger-patient injuries (< 10 years old; 85.7% vs. 71%, p < 0.001), burns (28% vs. 45.7%, p < 0.001), and domestic injuries (65.5% vs. 85.7%, p < 0.001) significantly increased. No significant self-harm, assault, or abuse increases were found.

Conclusions
The paediatric trauma incidences were similar before and during the pandemic. However, domestic and burn injuries significantly increased, highlighting the importance of injury prevention.
A screening for cerebral deoxygenation during VT ablations in patients with structural heart disease
Authors: Müller Julian , Koch Lena , Halbfass Philipp , Nentwich Karin , Berkovitz Artur , Barth Sebastian , Wächter Christian , Lehrmann Heiko , Deneke Thomas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients undergoing ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation often present with structural heart disease (SHD) and reduced ejection fraction. Inducing VT by programmed electrical stimulation (PES) puts these patients at risk for hemodynamic instability and cerebral hypoperfusion.

Objective
The present study screens for cerebral oxygen desaturation phases (ODPs) in patients undergoing VT ablation.

Methods
Forty-seven patients (age 61 ± 14 years, 72% males) underwent ablation of sustained VT with simultaneous neuromonitoring using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).

Results
Analysis of NIRS signal identified ODPs in 29 patients (62%). ODPs were associated with a higher prevalence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) (45% vs. 11%, p = 0.024), previous VT episodes (n = 16 vs. 4, p = 0.018), and VTs inducible by PES (n = 2.4 vs. 1.2, p = 0.004). Patients with ODPs were more likely to be admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) (78% vs. 33%, p = 0.005) and had more in-hospital VT recurrences (24% vs. 0%, p = 0.034). No differences were observed in VT recurrence rates after hospital discharge (41.4% vs. 44.4%, p = 0.60) and left ventricular ejection fraction (34% vs. 38%, p = 0.567). IHD (OR: 32.837, p = 0.006), ICU admission (OR: 14.112, p = 0.013), and the number of VTs inducible at PES (OR: 2.705, p = 0.015) were independently associated with ODPs.

Conclusions
This study registers episodes of cerebral hypoperfusion in 62% of patients undergoing VT ablation and identifies IHD and the number of VTs inducible at PES as possible risk factors for these episodes.
Genetic and epigenetic instability as an underlying driver of progression and aggressive behavior in IDH-mutant astrocytoma
Authors: Richardson Timothy E. , Walker Jamie M. , Hambardzumyan Dolores , Brem Steven , Hatanpaa Kimmo J. , Viapiano Mariano S. , Pai Balagopal , Umphlett Melissa , Becher Oren J. , Snuderl Matija , McBrayer Samuel K. , Abdullah Kalil G. , Tsankova Nadejda M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the classification of adult-type diffuse gliomas has undergone a revolution, wherein specific molecular features now represent defining diagnostic criteria of IDH-wild-type glioblastomas, IDH-mutant astrocytomas, and IDH-mutant 1p/19q-codeleted oligodendrogliomas. With the introduction of the 2021 WHO CNS classification, additional molecular alterations are now integrated into the grading of these tumors, given equal weight to traditional histologic features. However, there remains a great deal of heterogeneity in patient outcome even within these established tumor subclassifications that is unexplained by currently codified molecular alterations, particularly in the IDH-mutant astrocytoma category. There is also significant intercellular genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity and plasticity with resulting phenotypic heterogeneity, making these tumors remarkably adaptable and robust, and presenting a significant barrier to the design of effective therapeutics. Herein, we review the mechanisms and consequences of genetic and epigenetic instability, including chromosomal instability (CIN), microsatellite instability (MSI)/mismatch repair (MMR) deficits, and epigenetic instability, in the underlying biology, tumorigenesis, and progression of IDH-mutant astrocytomas. We also discuss the contribution of recent high-resolution transcriptomics studies toward defining tumor heterogeneity with single-cell resolution. While intratumoral heterogeneity is a well-known feature of diffuse gliomas, the contribution of these various processes has only recently been considered as a potential driver of tumor aggressiveness. CIN has an independent, adverse effect on patient survival, similar to the effect of histologic grade and homozygous CDKN2A deletion, while MMR mutation is only associated with poor overall survival in univariate analysis but is highly correlated with higher histologic/molecular grade and other aggressive features. These forms of genomic instability, which may significantly affect the natural progression of these tumors, response to therapy, and ultimately clinical outcome for patients, are potentially measurable features which could aid in diagnosis, grading, prognosis, and development of personalized therapeutics.
Anti-Ku + myositis: an acquired inflammatory protein-aggregate myopathy
Authors: Holzer Marie-Therese , Uruha Akinori , Roos Andreas , Hentschel Andreas , Schänzer Anne , Weis Joachim , Claeys Kristl G. , Schoser Benedikt , Montagnese Federica , Goebel Hans-Hilmar , Huber Melanie , Léonard-Louis Sarah , Kötter Ina , Streichenberger Nathalie , Gallay Laure , Benveniste Olivier , Schneider Udo , Preusse Corinna , Krusche Martin , Stenzel Werner 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMyositis with anti-Ku-autoantibodies is a rare inflammatory myopathy associated with various connective tissue diseases. Histopathological studies have identified inflammatory and necrotizing aspects, but a precise morphological analysis and pathomechanistic disease model are lacking. We therefore aimed to carry out an in-depth morpho-molecular analysis to uncover possible pathomechanisms. Muscle biopsy specimens from 26 patients with anti-Ku-antibodies and unequivocal myositis were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, transcriptomics, and proteomics and compared to biopsy specimens of non-disease controls, immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM), and inclusion body myositis (IBM). Clinical findings and laboratory parameters were evaluated retrospectively and correlated with morphological and molecular features. Patients were mainly female (92%) with a median age of 56.5 years. Isolated myositis and overlap with systemic sclerosis were reported in 31%, respectively. Isolated myositis presented with higher creatine kinase levels and cardiac involvement (83%), whereas systemic sclerosis-overlap patients often had interstitial lung disease (57%). Histopathology showed a wide spectrum from mild to pronounced myositis with diffuse sarcolemmal MHC-class I (100%) and -II (69%) immunoreactivity, myofiber necrosis (88%), endomysial inflammation (85%), thickened capillaries (84%), and vacuoles (60%). Conspicuous sarcoplasmic protein aggregates were p62, BAG3, myotilin, or immunoproteasomal beta5i-positive. Proteomic and transcriptomic analysis identified prominent up-regulation of autophagy, proteasome, and hnRNP-related cell stress. To conclude, Ku + myositis is morphologically characterized by myofiber necrosis, MHC-class I and II positivity, variable endomysial inflammation, and distinct protein aggregation varying from IBM and IMNM, and it can be placed in the spectrum of scleromyositis and overlap myositis. It features characteristic sarcoplasmic protein aggregation on an acquired basis being functionally associated with altered chaperone, proteasome, and autophagy function indicating that Ku + myositis exhibit aspects of an acquired inflammatory protein-aggregate myopathy.
Modeling and simulation of chemo-elasto-plastically coupled battery active particles
Authors: Schoof Raphael , Niermann Johannes , Dyck Alexander , Böhlke Thomas , Dörfler Willy 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs an anode material for lithium-ion batteries, amorphous silicon offers a significantly higher energy density than the graphite anodes currently used. Alloying reactions of lithium and silicon, however, induce large deformation and lead to volume changes up to 300%. We formulate a thermodynamically consistent continuum model for the chemo-elasto-plastic diffusion-deformation behavior of amorphous silicon and it’s alloy with lithium based on finite deformations. In this paper, two plasticity theories, i.e. a rate-independent theory with linear isotropic hardening and a rate-dependent one, are formulated to allow the evolution of plastic deformations and reduce occurring stresses. Using modern numerical techniques, such as higher order finite element methods as well as efficient space and time adaptive solution algorithms, the diffusion-deformation behavior resulting from both theories is compared. In order to further increase the computational efficiency, an automatic differentiation scheme is used, allowing for a significant speed up in assembling time as compared to an algorithmic linearization for the global finite element Newton scheme. Both plastic approaches lead to a more heterogeneous concentration distribution and to a change to tensile tangential Cauchy stresses at the particle surface at the end of one charging cycle. Different parameter studies show how an amplification of the plastic deformation is affected. Interestingly, an elliptical particle shows only plastic deformation at the smaller half axis. With the demonstrated efficiency of the applied methods, results after five charging cycles are also discussed and can provide indications for the performance of lithium-ion batteries in long term use.
FFT-based homogenisation for efficient concurrent multiscale modelling of thin plate structures
Authors: Li Haolin , Sharif Khodaei Zahra , Aliabadi M. H. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a novel approach to concurrent multiscale analysis, where structures are formulated at both microscopic and macro levels for simulation purposes. The proposed method employs a plate model to formulate structures at both scales, and homogenisation is performed using the FFT-based approach, offering higher efficiency compared to conventional methods. Additionally, the macroscopic tangent operator of the microscopic model is derived through an algorithmically consistent process within the FFT-based framework, incorporating the application of Lippman–Schwinger equations as outlined in this work. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through case studies in real simulations, revealing comparable results to traditional multiscale schemes in addressing multiscale thin plate structures. Importantly, the method significantly reduces computing time and memory usage, attributed to the efficiency of plate modelling and the FFT-based homogenisation strategy.
The use of constrained methods to analyze the molecular reactivity and to define a new type of pseudo atoms
Authors: Cedillo Andrés , Martínez-Aguilar José-Remy 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Context
Constrained methods in electronic structure methodologies add terms to the variational equations and generate solutions that represent distorted electronic distributions. In some cases, the new solutions can be used to study the chemical reactivity of parts of the molecule. Additionally, this contribution presents the use of population constraints to define pseudo atoms in a molecule. The effects of the pseudo atom on the molecular properties are analyzed. The pseudo atoms are used to simulate the inductive effect of the substituent in a group of carbonyl molecules and their effect on the stability of the complexes between these organic species and one molecule of water. A discussion on the assumptions involved in the present definition of pseudo atoms is also included.

Method
The constrained RHF computations are done in a modified Hartree-Fock code for Gaussian basis sets. The selected basis set is STO-6 G.
Assessing uncertainty in bioclimatic modelling: a comparison of two high-resolution climate datasets in northern Patagonia
Authors: Fierke Jonas , Joelson Natalia Zoe , Loguercio Gabriel Angel , Putzenlechner Birgitta , Simon Alois , Wyss Daniel , Kappas Martin , Walentowski Helge 
Published: July 2024

AbstractClimate change is reshaping forest ecosystems, presenting urgent and complex challenges that demand attention. In this context, research that quantifies interactions between climate and forests is substantial. However, modelling at a spatial resolution relevant for ecological processes presents a significant challenge, especially given the diverse geographical contexts in which it is applied. In our study, we aimed to assess the effects of applying CHELSA v.2.1 and WorldClim v2.1 data on bioclimatic analysis within the Río Puelo catchment area in northern Patagonia. To achieve this, we inter-compared and evaluated present and future bioclimates, drawing on data from both climate datasets. Our findings underscore substantial consistency between both datasets for temperature variables, confirming the reliability of both for temperature analysis. However, a strong contrast emerges in precipitation predictions, with significant discrepancies highlighted by minimal overlap in bioclimatic classes, particularly in steep and elevated terrains. Thus, while CHELSA and WorldClim provide valuable temperature data for northern Patagonia, their use for precipitation analysis requires careful consideration of their limitations and potential inaccuracies. Nevertheless, our bioclimatic analyses of both datasets under different scenarios reveal a uniform decline in mountain climates currently occupied by N. pumilio, with projections suggesting a sharp decrease in their coverage under future climate scenarios.
Wasserstein barycenter regression: application to the joint dynamics of regional GDP and life expectancy in Italy
Authors: Levantesi Susanna , Nigri Andrea , Pagnottoni Paolo , Spelta Alessandro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe propose to investigate the joint dynamics of regional gross domestic product and life expectancy in Italy through Wasserstein barycenter regression derived from optimal transport theory. Wasserstein barycenter regression has the advantage of being flexible in modeling complex data distributions, given its ability to capture multimodal relationships, while maintaining the possibility of incorporating uncertainty and priors, other than yielding interpretable results. The main findings reveal that regional clusters tend to emerge, highlighting inequalities in Italian regions in economic and life expectancy terms. This suggests that targeted policy actions at a regional level fostering equitable development, especially from an economic viewpoint, might reduce regional inequality. Our results are validated by a robustness check on a human mobility dataset and by an illustrative forecasting exercise, which confirms the model’s ability to estimate and predict joint distributions and produce novel empirical evidence.
Versatile time-window sliding machine learning techniques for stock market forecasting
Authors: Zhan Zeqiye , Kim Song-Kyoo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe stock market which is a critical instrument in the modern financial system consistently attracts a significant number of individuals and financial institutions. The amalgamation of machine learning with stock forecasting has seen increased interest due to the rising prominence of machine learning. Among numerous machine learning models, the long short-term memory (LSTM) is favored by many researchers for its superior performance in long time series. This paper presents an innovative approach that integrates LSTM with versatile sliding window techniques to enhance prediction results and training performance. Moreover, the attached experiments incorporate convolutional filters and combined bivariate performance measures, which are invaluable methodologies for enhancing stock forecasting systems. These significant contributions are expected to be beneficial for researchers operating within this domain.