bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pain and fatigue in adult patients with multiple osteochondromas: The Netherlands
Authors: Amajjar Ihsane , Vergauwen Kuni , Willigenburg Nienke W. , Ham S. John , Smeets Rob J. E. M. 
Published: July 2024

Background
Multiple Osteochondromas (MO) is a rare genetic disorder characterised by the presence of numerous benign bone tumours, known as osteochondromas. Within the spectrum of debilitating symptoms associated with MO, pain is recognized as a major problem. Interestingly, our clinical observations suggest that fatigue is also a significant concern but has merely been touched upon in MO literature. This study aims to (1) assess the level of pain and fatigue in adult patients with MO; (2) compare fatigue in MO to healthy subjects and patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA); (3) identify associated variables for pain and fatigue in patients with MO.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 353 adult MO patients completed a survey with validated questionnaires on pain, fatigue and psychosocial factors. Pain and fatigue were assessed with the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and fatigue was also measured with the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS). Fatigue (CIS) was compared with reference scores of healthy subjects and patients with RA, using a one-sample t-test. Multiple linear regression models for pain and fatigue were developed using a-priori selected independent variables based on a theoretical framework (ICF-model).

Results
Pain was reported by 87.8% (NRS = 3.19±2.6) and fatigue by 90.4% (NRS = 4.1±2.6) of patients with MO. Fatigue scores for MO (CIS = 84.1±15.3) were significantly higher (p<0.001) compared to reference scores of healthy subjects and patients with RA. The multivariable analysis for pain provided a final regression model with six variables (R2 = 0.445, p<0.001) of which fear avoidance beliefs and fatigue had the strongest association. For the fatigue models NRS (R2 = 0.455, p<0.001) and CIS (R2 = 0.233, p<0.001), the strongest associations were found with anxiety and depression respectively.

Conclusions
Pain and fatigue are highly prevalent in patients with MO. Fatigue is significantly higher compared to healthy subjects and patients with RA. Several variables associated with pain and fatigue have been identified that could help improve multidisciplinary treatment plans.
Social determinants of child abuse: Evidence from seven countries in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Dickson Kwamena Sekyi , Ameyaw Edward Kwabena , Adde Kenneth Setorwu , Paintsil Jones Arkoh , Yaya Sanni 
Published: July 2024

Background
Child abuse is a dominant public health concern that permeates race, varied social contexts and culture. Child abuse comprises any act of omission or commission perpetrated by a child’s parent, caregiver, or other adult leading to harm, potential for, or any threat of harm to a child (below age 18), either intentional or unintentional. This subject has usually been explored by focusing on men. This study investigated the prevalence and social correlates of child abuse across seven countries in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods and materials
Data was obtained from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in seven countries in sub-Saharan Africa between 2013 and 2020. The outcome variable employed for this study was acts of child abuse (including shouting, striking, and slapping). Descriptive and inferential analyses were carried out. The descriptive analysis focused on the bivariate analysis between the country variable and the outcome variables. Multivariate analysis was, however, utilized to determine the relationship between the outcome variables and the respondents’ explanatory variables, using a binary logistic regression model. The adjusted odds ratios for each variable were calculated using a 95% confidence range.

Results
The proportion of women shouting at children was 72 percent. This ranged from 49.2 percent in Chad to 84.2 percent in Benin. The proportion of women striking children was 52.5 percent and this ranged from 37.1 percent in Chad to 63.8 percent in Benin. The odds of women striking their children was higher for those with children aged 10–14 (aOR = 1.18, CI = 1.03, 1.34), women with primary education (aOR = 1.25, CI = 1.17, 1.33), cohabiting women (aOR = 1.17, CI = 1.10, 1.25) and women who had experienced intimate partner violence (aOR = 1.06, CI = 1.00, 1.12). The odds of women shouting at their children was higher for those aged 30–34 years (aOR = 1.31, CI = 1.11, 1.55) and for working women (aOR = 1.43, 1.33, 1.56). The odds of women slapping their children was higher for those who justify wife-beating (aOR = 1.10, CI = 1.03, 1.16) and for women with richest wealth status (aOR = 1.25, CI = 1.17, 1.33).

Conclusions
The findings show that it is imperative for the governments of the countries studied, especially those with high prevalence like Benin, to consider parent-friendly and culturally acceptable non-formal educational initiatives that will dissuade parents and guardians from abusing children. Possibly, legal reforms that sanction harsher punishments to perpetrators of child abuse may help make child abuse less attractive to parents and guardians.
The relationship between line manager training in mental health and organisational outcomes
Authors: Hassard Juliet , Dulal-Arthur Teixiera , Bourke Jane , Wishart Maria , Roper Stephen , Belt Vicki , Leka Stavroula , Pahl Nick , Bartle Craig , Thomson Louise , Blake Holly 
Published: July 2024

Background
Line manager (LM) training in mental health is gaining recognition as an effective method for improving the mental health and wellbeing of workers. However, research predominantly focuses on the impacts of training at the employee-level, often neglecting the broader organisational-level outcomes. Most studies derive insights from LMs using self-reported data, with very few studies examining impacts on organisational-level outcomes.

Aim
To explore the relationship between LM training in mental health and organisational-level outcomes using company-level data from a diverse range of organisations.

Methods
This study is a secondary analysis of anonymised panel survey data from firms in England, with data derived from computer-assisted telephone surveys over four waves (2020, 1899 firms; 2021, 1551; 2022, 1904; and 2023, 1902). The analysis merged the four datasets to control for temporal variations. Probit regression was conducted including controls for age of organisation, sector, size, and wave to isolate specific relationships of interest.

Results
We found that LM training in mental health is significantly associated with several organisational-level outcomes, including: improved staff recruitment (β = .317, p < .001) and retention (β = .453, p < .001), customer service (β = .453, p < .001), business performance (β = .349, p < .001), and lower long-term sickness absence due to mental ill-health (β = -.132, p < .05).

Conclusion
This is the first study to explore the organisational-level outcomes of LM training in mental health in a large sample of organisations of different types, sizes, and sectors. Training LM in mental health is directly related to diverse aspects of an organisations’ functioning and, therefore, has strategic business value for organisations. This knowledge has international relevance for policy and practice in workforce health and business performance.
Strain-level variations of Dirofilaria immitis microfilariae in two biochemical assays
Authors: Hampton Naomi , Smith Vicki , Brewer Matthew T. , Jesudoss Chelladurai Jeba R. J. 
Published: July 2024

Background
The increase in reports of resistance to macrocyclic lactones in the canine heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis is alarming. While DNA based tests have been well-validated, they can be expensive. In a previous study, we showed that two biochemical tests adapted to a 96- well plate format and read in a spectrophotometer could detect differences among lab validated D. immitis isolates. The two tests- Resazurin reduction and Hoechst 33342 efflux—detect metabolism and P-glycoprotein activity respectively in microfilariae isolated from infected dog blood.

Methods
Our objective was to optimize the two assays further by testing various assay parameters in D. immitis isolates not tested previously. We tested microfilarial seeding density, incubation time and the effect of in vitro treatment with ivermectin and doxycycline in five other D. immitis isolates—JYD-34, Big Head, Berkeley, Georgia III and LOL. All assays were performed in 3 technical replicates and 2–4 biological replicates. To understand the molecular basis of the assays, we also performed qPCR for selected drug metabolism and elimination associated genes of the ABC transporter and cytochrome P450 gene families.

Results
Metabolism and ABC transporter activity as detected by these assays varied between strains. Anthelmintic status (resistant or susceptible) did not correlate with metabolism or P-gp efflux. Basal transcriptional variations were found between strains in ABC transporter and cytochrome P450 genes.

Conclusions
These assays provide a greater understanding of the biochemical variation among isolates of D. immitis, which can be exploited in the future to develop in vitro diagnostic tests capable of differentiating susceptible and resistant isolates.
Glucagon-Like Peptide Receptor Agonists Use Before Endoscopy Is Associated With Low Retained Gastric Contents: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Phan Jennifer , Chang Patrick , Issa Danny , Turner Ronald , Dodge Jennifer , Westanmo Anders , Karna Rahul , Olive Lorenzo , Bahdi Firas , Aldzhyan Vahagn , Bilal Mohammad , Tielleman Thomas 
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION:
While ubiquity of glucagon-like peptide receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) is rising, guidance from the gastroenterology societies and American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) remains in conflict on recommendations regarding preoperative holding before endoscopy. The aim of this study was to address this by evaluating the effect of GLP1-RAs on gastric retention during upper endoscopy.

METHODS:
This multicenter cross-sectional study included patients on confirmed GLP1-RAs receiving an endoscopy from 2021 to 2023. Demographics, prescribing practices, and procedure outcomes were captured. GLP1-RA management of preoperative holding was retroactively classified per ASA guidance. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess factors influencing retained gastric contents.

RESULTS:
Of 815 patients, 70 (8.7%) had retained gastric contents on endoscopy of whom 65 (93%) had type 2 diabetes mellitus. Only 1 (1.4%) of these patients required unplanned intubation, and none had aspiration events. Those with GLP1-RA held per ASA guidance (406, 49.8%) were less likely to have retained contents (4.4% vs 12.7%, P < 0.001), but there were no significant differences to intubation (0% vs 2%, P = 0.53) or aborting procedure rates (28% vs 18%, P = 0.40) due to gastric retention. On multivariable analysis, likelihood of food retention increased 36% (95% confidence interval 1.15–1.60) for every 1% increase in hemoglobin A1C after adjusting for GLP1-RA type and preoperative medication hold.

DISCUSSION:
In this multicenter study, very low rates of retained gastric contents were seen during endoscopy in patients on GLP1-RAs and most were in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our findings suggest an individualized approach rather than universal preoperative holding of medications before endoscopy.
Combined and single osmopriming effects on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) performance
Authors: YAVARI Afagh , HABIBI Ghader , ABEDINI Masoumeh , BAKHSHI KHANIKI Gholamreza 
Published: July 2024

Osmopriming has been shown to improve the germination and growth of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). This study explores the impact of various priming agent NaCl (3g l-1), proline (1 mM), ZnSO4 (1 mM), and their combination on wheat performance during the summer season (Jul-Aug 2022) at the greenhouse of Payame Noor University, Tabriz. Wheat seeds treated with a combination of priming agent demonstrated significantly enhanced performance compared to untreated seeds. Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements taken 35 days post-cultivation revealed a higher Photosystem Performance Index (PIabs) in osmoprimed seeds, particularly those treated with combined priming agent. Furthermore, primed plants demonstrated elevated concentrations of chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids. Osmopriming also modulated the oxidative status of enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Genetic analysis showed that osmopriming could influence the expression of NHX2, a gene linked to improving plant growth, water uptake, and yield in stress conditions.
Politische Interessenvertretung für Bibliotheken: Themen, Forderungen, Methoden
Authors: Breidlid Jacqueline 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
Vor mittlerweile über zehn Jahren hat der Deutsche Bibliotheksverband e. V. (dbv) in seiner Bundesgeschäftsstelle eine eigene Stelle für die Politische Kommunikation eingerichtet. In diesem Artikel erklärt die Stelleninhaberin (2019–2024) Jacqueline Breidlid, warum die politische Interessenvertretung für Bibliotheken so wichtig ist, reflektiert deren Besonderheiten und taucht – anhand des Beispiels der Bundestagswahl 2021 – in aktuelle Themen und Methoden der Interessenvertretung der dbv-Bundesgeschäftsstelle ein.
“E-waste” Colonialism: Mechanism of Late Modernity in Chen Qiufan’s Waste Tide
Authors: Liang Xiaohui , Ping Feifan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Among numerous literary works on international waste trade, by way of which the toxic waste has been exported basically from developed countries to underdeveloped areas, the Chinese writer Chen Qiufan’s Waste Tide is the only one that examines one of the most toxic waste streams, namely, the electronic waste, or the e-waste. However, this particular novel has not received much critical attention in the anglophone world. The few studies on this science fiction tend to focus on the capital market, the conflict between global and local, or the alienation of human and nature, neglecting its significant thematic concern on the e-waste. In this context, this study seeks to address this gap by analyzing the author’s focus on the neglected issue of e-waste in the system of waste colonialism. By exploring this work from the perspective of waste colonialism, this study attempts to disclose how the e-waste functions as a special symbol of late modernity and in what mechanism late modernity works to exert its effect respectively on economic-political institutions, knowledge system, and human cognition of their own subjectivity. Significantly, this study will argue that, in late modernity, the system of waste colonialism has developed into what this study terms “e-waste” colonialism, promoting the reconsolidation of power structure, the intensification of expert knowledge, and the deconstruction of human subjectivity.
Green Finance, Environmental Regulations, and Green Technologies in China: Implications for Achieving Green Economic Recovery
Authors: Lou Chao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the framework of foreign direct investments (FDI) and green finance (GF), environmental regulations (ERs) and green technologies have influenced China’s green economic recovery between 2000 and 2020. The idea is to conduct an empirical investigation of the main drivers behind China’s green economic revival. Second-generation panel cointegration techniques were adopted for the analysis. The relationship among ERs, green technological investment, GF, and green economic recovery is supported by the long-run cointegration results. In this context, some of the most important measures include ER, GF, and increased investment in environmentally friendly technologies. The estimated results demonstrate a positive contribution towards the green economic recovery from GF, the development of green technologies, and ERs. Evidence suggests that green economic recovery is inversely associated with FDI. The establishment of an environmentally sustainable economy can be rendered by policy implications to continue advocating for the green shift in financial institutions along with enforcing the appropriate regulations and laws.
Chemical changes in thermally modified, acetylated and melamine formaldehyde resin impregnated beech wood
Authors: Oberle Anna , Výbohová Eva , Baar Jan , Paschová Zuzana , Beránek Štěpán , Drobyshev Igor , Čabalová Iveta , Čermák Petr 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Wood modification (by thermal or chemical treatment) helps to improve the dimensional stability of wood and enhance its resistance to biological agents. Beech wood is non-durable and exposure in exterior settings dramatically shortens its service life. To determine the full potential of beech wood for advanced applications, a better understanding of the chemical changes induced by modification is needed. Two chemical treatments (acetylation and melamine formaldehyde resin impregnation) and three thermal treatments (heating to 180, 200 and 220 °C) were performed on beech wood. The modification effect was examined based on (i) molecular changes in functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR); (ii) extractive content; and (iii) pH changes. Moreover, the explanation of these changes was supported by the FTIR-analysis of isolated main wood components (cellulose, holocellulose and lignin) from the modified wood. The high temperatures applied to samples during thermal modification promoted the deacetylation and degradation of hemicelluloses. Hemicelluloses were targeted also by acetic anhydride and melamine resin, the bonding of which was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The formation of fewer methylene bridges affected the properties of the melamine network. This observation suggests the need to determine optimal curing conditions in future research, to reduce melamine-wood hydrophilicity.
Assessment of the renal function and fibrosis indexes of conventional western medicine with Chinese medicine for dredging collaterals on treating renal fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Guo Yingbo , Gao Wenfeng , Ding Xinyu , Cai Qian , Bai Yu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
To investigate the renal function and fibrosis indexes of conventional western medicine with Chinese medicine for dredging collaterals in the treatment of renal fibrosis (RF). We searched articles from databases (PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wanfang data) and references of included studies. The quality of literature was evaluated and data were extracted in regard to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RevMan5.3 software was applied for all statistical analyses. Eleven eligible RCTs with a total of 898 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with conventional western medicine alone, conventional western medicine with Chinese medicine for dredging collaterals in the treatment of RF has lower BUN levels and SCr levels (P < 0.05). As for fibrosis indexes, conventional western medicine with Chinese medicine for dredging collaterals has lower HA, laminin (LN), IV-Col, and PC-III levels (P < 0.05). Conventional western medicine with Chinese medicine for dredging collaterals with lower BUN, Scr, HA, LN, PC-III, and IV-Col levels, has an advantage in the treatment of RF. These lower serum levels may not be associated with the presence of RF. Ideally, kidney biopsies should be performed to confirm that these markers reduce RF. This is a major limitation of this study.
Do cracked jaws of the four-jaw chuck of a large lathe pose a danger?
Authors: Rockel J. , Cagliyan E. , Fischer B. , Neidel A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
All the jaws of a four-jaw chuck mounted on the faceplate of a large lathe were received by the material testing laboratory to undergo metallurgical failure analysis. Each of the four jaws exhibited cracks in the fillet radius between one of the gripping surfaces and the long horizontal part. The cracks were just visible to the unaided eye und had been discovered by an alert mechanic. One of the jaws was selected for further material analysis for which the crack was opened to undergo fractographic evaluation. The analysis also involved the evaluation of the material using optical emission spectrometry, the preparation of a metallographic sample, and hardness testing. The cracks occurred as a result of repeated overload at the crack initiation sites located in the fillet radius. This was not a single overload event which would not have caused the jaws to crack, but a series of overload events. The situation did not pose a safety hazard to the staff since the soft and tough core of the case-hardened jaws would have retarded, if not stopped, crack growth. A sudden disastrous failure of the jaws by breaking off, for example, and extremely heavy components crashing down as a result were not an imminent threat. This dangerous failure scenario would have been enabled if the jaws had been through-hardened. Instead, casehardening heat treatment had been applied which is the correct choice for this type of component.
Effects of Neuromuscular Training on Muscle Architecture, Isometric Force Production, and Stretch-Shortening Cycle Function in Trained Young Female Gymnasts
Authors: Moeskops Sylvia , Oliver Jon L. , Radnor John M. , Haff G. Gregory , Myer Gregory D. , Ramachandran Akhilesh K. , Kember Lucy S. , Pedley Jason S. , Lloyd Rhodri S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Moeskops, S, Oliver, JL, Radnor, JM, Haff, GG, Myer, GD, Ramachandran, AK, Kember, LS, Pedley, JS, and Lloyd, RS. Effects of neuromuscular training on muscle architecture, isometric force production, and stretch-shortening cycle function in trained young female gymnasts. J Strength Cond Res 38(9): 1640–1650, 2024—This study evaluated the effects of a 10-month neuromuscular training (NMT) intervention on muscle architecture, isometric force production, and stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) function. Thirty-seven girls aged 6–12 years were placed into gymnastics + NMT (gNMT; n = 15), gymnastics only (GYM; n = 10), or maturity-matched control (CON; n = 12) groups. The gNMT group followed a 10-month NMT program in addition to gymnastics training, whereas the GYM group only participated in gymnastics training. Isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) and drop jump (DJ) kinetics were measured, in addition to muscle thickness, fascicle length, and pennation angle of the gastrocnemius medialis at baseline and at 4, 7, and 10 months. A 3 × 4 (group × time) repeated-measures ANCOVA (covariate, % predicted adult height) was used to evaluate within-group changes. Significance level was set at p < 0.05. Significant interaction effects were observed in muscle thickness, absolute (PFabs) and relative peak force (PFrel) in the IMTP and various DJ variables. The gNMT group demonstrated improvements in muscle thickness, IMTP PFabs and PFrel, and DJ kinetics, most commonly evidenced from 7 months onward. The GYM group's muscle thickness also significantly improved, accompanied by improvements in some DJ kinetics. The CON group did not experience any desirable changes. Overall, NMT elicited positive changes in muscle thickness, PFabs and PFrel, and SSC function to a greater extent than gymnastics training alone or growth and maturation. As most adaptations took 7 months, longer-term NMT programs should be implemented with youth female gymnasts.