bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contact interaction study of proton parton distributions
Authors: Yu Yang , Cheng Peng , Xing Hui-Yu , Gao Fei , Roberts Craig D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUsing a symmetry-preserving formulation of a vector$$\,\times \,$$

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vector contact interaction (SCI) and treating the proton as a quark + interacting-diquark bound state, whose structure is obtained by solving a Poincaré-covariant Faddeev equation, we provide a comprehensive, coherent set of predictions for unpolarised and polarised proton parton distribution functions (DFs): valence, glue, and four-flavour separated sea. The results enable many themes to be addressed, including: the asymmetry of antimatter in the proton; the neutron:proton structure function ratio; helicity retention in hard scattering processes; the charm quark momentum fraction; the sign and size of the polarised gluon DF; and the origin of the proton spin. In all cases where sound analyses of data are available, SCI predictions are semiquantitatively in agreement with the results. Those mismatches which exist are typically attributable to the momentum-independence of the underlying interaction. Judiciously interpreted, the SCI delivers a sound and insightful explanation of proton structure as expressed in DFs.
All-order Feynman rules for leading-twist gauge-invariant operators in QCD
Authors: Somogyi G. , Van Thurenhout S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We present the Feynman rules for leading-twist gauge-invariant quark and gluon operators with an arbitrary number of total derivatives and applicable to any order in perturbation theory. This generalizes previous results and constitutes a necessary ingredient in the computation of the matrix elements of the corresponding operators. The results are written in a form appropriate for implementation in a computer algebra system. To illustrate the latter we provide implementations in and FORM, which are made available at https://github.com/vtsam/NKLO.

Graphical abstract
Event-generator validation with MCPLOTS and LHC@home
Authors: Korneeva N. , Karneyeu A. , Skands P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe document several recent updates to the MCPLOTS event-generator validation resource. The project is based on the RIVET analysis library and harnesses volunteer computing provided by LHC@home to generate high-statistics MC comparisons to data. Users interact with the resource via a simple website, http://mcplots.cern.ch/, which provides flexible options for requesting comparison plots and comprehensive statistical analyses on demand, all in a few clicks. The project has been structured to enable community-driven developments, and we discuss the computational back end, the web front end, and how to add new data analyses, generators, and tunes that would be accessible on the website for comparison.
A gradient of hemisphere-specific dorsal to ventral processing routes in parieto-premotor networks
Authors: Jüchtern Marvin , Shaikh Usman Jawed , Caspers Svenja , Binkofski Ferdinand 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Networks in the parietal and premotor cortices enable essential human abilities regarding motor processing, including attention and tool use. Even though our knowledge on its topography has steadily increased, a detailed picture of hemisphere-specific integrating pathways is still lacking. With the help of multishell diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, probabilistic tractography, and the Graph Theory Analysis, we investigated connectivity patterns between frontal premotor and posterior parietal brain areas in healthy individuals. With a two-stage node characterization approach, we defined the network role of precisely mapped cortical regions from the Julich-Brain atlas. We found evidence for a third, left-sided, medio-dorsal subpathway in a successively graded dorsal stream, referencing more specialized motor processing on the left. Supplementary motor areas had a strongly lateralized connectivity to either left dorsal or right ventral parietal domains, representing an action-attention dichotomy between hemispheres. The left sulcal parietal regions primarily coupled with areas 44 and 45, mirrored by the inferior frontal junction (IFJ) on the right, a structural lateralization we termed as “Broca’s-IFJ switch.” We were able to deepen knowledge on gyral and sulcal pathways as well as domain-specific contributions in parieto-premotor networks. Our study sheds new light on the complex lateralization of cortical routes for motor activity in the human brain.
Changes in the SST Seasonal Cycle in a Warmer North Pacific without Ocean Dynamical Feedbacks
Authors: Yu Wen-Xiao , Liu Fukai , Luo Yiyong , Lu Jian , Song Fengfei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Climate models project a significant intensification of the sea surface temperature (SST) seasonal cycle over the subpolar North Pacific due to global warming, with the shallower mixed layer widely recognized as the dominant factor. However, employing slab ocean experiments with only ocean–atmosphere thermal coupling, we find a substantial contribution from changes in surface heat flux to this seasonal cycle intensification. In particular, the stronger Newtonian cooling effect in winter acts as a more potent damping than in summer. This differential damping inhibits the warming in colder seasons, significantly contributing to the intensified SST seasonal cycle in the subpolar North Pacific. In addition, consistent phase shifts in the North Pacific are identified across CMIP6 models. In the northwest North Pacific, a phase advance is associated with anomalous heating in early spring, driven by enhanced warm atmospheric advection from lower latitudes and sea ice melting in marginal seas. In contrast, the southeast North Pacific exhibits a phase delay attributed to the anomalous cooling in spring relative to autumn. This cooling is due to weakened trade winds and increased presence of high clouds. The former leads to stronger evaporative cooling in spring, while the latter impedes shortwave radiation from reaching the ocean.
Cepstral Analysis of Voice in Patients With Temporomandibular Disorders
Authors: Jamshidpour Parizad , Moradi Negin , Raiesian Shahrokh , Shaterzadeh Yazdi Mohammad Jafar , Soltani Majid , Seyedtabib Maryam , Masoudrad Mahdis , Nourbakhsh Mandana 
Published: July 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the voice quality of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) compared with healthy subjects using cepstral analysis and investigate the relationship between the TMD severity and the values of cepstral analysis. Methods: Subjects who met the inclusion criteria completed a general health questionnaire and the Fonseca Anamnestic Index. Patients who had TMDs with FAI were subjected to an examination based on the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. The final sample included 65 subjects, 31 TMDs patients (with a mean age ± standard deviation of 36.64 ± 13.67 years), and 34 healthy individuals in the control group (with a mean age ± standard deviation of 30.35 ± 7.78 years). Cepstral Peak Prominence (CPP) and Smoothened Cepstral Peak Prominence (CPPS) of a sustained vowel and connected speech were computed using Praat software. Results: TMD patients indicated lower cepstral values and lower voice quality compared to the control group. Significant differences were found between TMD and control groups for all cepstral parameters ( P < .001) and cepstral measurements showed a moderate to strong negative correlation with TMD severity ( P < .001, rho =  −0.57 to −0.88). Conclusion: The outcomes of the present study indicate that cepstral analysis can accurately distinguish the reduced voice quality of TMD patients from normal voice.
Depression during the COVID pandemic in La Manouba Governorate, Tunisia: A community survey
Authors: Carta Mauro G , Kovess Viviane , Aissa Amina , Larnaout Amine , Zgueb Yosra , Alnasser Lubna A , Moro Maria Francesca , Sancassiani Federica , Cantone Elisa , Rjaibi Salsabil , Zoghlami Nada , Zid Mejdi , Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer , Ouali Uta 
Published: July 2024

Background:It is difficult to quantify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health as many community surveys have limited quality, rely on screening tests to measure mental health conditions and distress, and often use convenience samples. Moreover, robust surveys come mainly from high-income countries.Aim:To measure the prevalence of depressive disorders with onset during the pandemic in a community of a Lower-Middle-income country (LMIC)-Tunisia.Methods:Clinical semi-structured face-to-face interviews were carried out during the pandemic (September–December 2021) by medical doctors among a representative sample of the general population in the governorate of La Manouba, Tunisia. Psychiatric diagnoses were established according to DSM-IV.Results:The prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) started or recurred after the pandemic was 5.66%. The factors associated with MDD were loss of job and considerably diminished income due to the pandemic (OR = 2.1, 95% CI [1.5, 2.9]) and the perception of having the family’s financial situation below the Tunisian average (OR = 2.3, 95% CI [1.7, 3.2]). Female sex, marital status as separated/divorced, and having a COVID-19 infection were associated with MDD only in the overall sample and urban areas, but not in rural areas. Age and having loved ones who passed away due to COVID-19 were not associated with MDD.Conclusion:In Tunisia, the pandemic seems to have increased the risk of depression in people experiencing a precarious financial situation, also due to the pre-existing economic crisis. Specific local level factors, such as not establishing a rigid lockdown for an extended period, may have protected young people and allowed for better mourning in families suffering the loss of a loved one.
Predictors of return to work among postoperative patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhang Ning , Yang Fan , Di Wenlong , Wang Shujie , Wu Zijing 
Published: July 2024

Objective To describe the status of return to work and identify predictors of return to work among Chinese postoperative patients with colorectal cancer. Design A cross-sectional study. Setting Conducted in two tertiary hospitals in China. Participants A total of 210 postoperative patients with colorectal cancer were included in the study. Main measures Two hundred and ten postoperative patients with colorectal cancer who were working at the time of their diagnosis were assessed with the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Return-To-Work Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, Cancer Fatigue Scale, and Social Impact Scale. Descriptive statistics, univariate logistic regression analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used for data analysis in SPSS 26.0. Results Around a third of participants (n = 74, 35.2%) returned to work after surgery. Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that more family income (odds ratio (OR) = 5.769, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.666–19.972), time span after surgery 5–10 months, and ≥10 months (OR = 3.546, 95% CI = 1.084–11.598; OR = 3.077, 95% CI = 1.074–8.818), with a stoma (OR = 0.221, 95% CI = 0.075–0.653), psychological distress (OR = 0.912, 95% CI = 0.843–0.987), cancer fatigue (OR = 0.924, 95% CI = 0.872–0.978), and stigma (OR = 0.928, 95% CI = 0.886–0.971) were significantly associated with return to work. Conclusions A high proportion of patients with colorectal cancer did not return to work within 1 year after diagnosis. Those with shorter postoperative time, lower family income, stoma, greater psychological stress, higher level of cancer fatigue, and more stigma may have a higher risk in delayed work resumption.
Discordant Care and Decision Quality: Patients’ Reasons for Not Receiving Their Initial Test of Choice in Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: Rager Joshua B. , Schmidt Karen K. , Schwartz Peter H. 
Published: July 2024

Background Concordance between a person’s values and the test or treatment they ultimately receive is widely considered to be an essential outcome for good decision quality. There is little research, however, on why patients receive “discordant” care. A large, randomized trial of decision aids for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening provided an opportunity to assess why some patients received a different test than the one they preferred at an earlier time point. Methods Of 688 patients who participated in the trial, 43 received a different CRC screening test than the one they selected after viewing a decision aid 6 mo prior. These patients answered 2 brief, open-ended questions about the reasons for this discordance. The research team analyzed their answers using qualitative description. Results Patient responses reflected 6 major categories: barriers or risks of initially favored test, benefits of alternative test, costs or health insurance coverage, discussion with family or friends, provider factors or recommendation, and health issues. Conclusions Some of the patients’ explanations fit well with the informed concordance approach, which infers poor decision quality from the existence of discordant care, since in these cases it appears that the patient’s values and preferences were not adequately respected. Other statements suggest that the patient had an informed rationale for changing their mind about which test to undergo. These cases may reflect high-quality decision making, despite the existence of discordance as measured in the trial. This analysis highlights a major challenge to a popular approach for assessing decision quality, the difficulty of normatively assessing the quality of decision making when apparent discordant care has been provided, and the need to assess patient values and preference over time. Highlights Value-choice concordance is an accepted measure for assessing decision quality in decision aid trials, but greater exploration of apparently discordant care challenges key assumptions of this method; this study provides evidence that discordance as typically measured may not always reflect low-quality patient decision making. Researchers evaluating decision aids and assessing decision quality should consider the use of qualitative methods to supplement measures of decision quality and consider assessing patient preferences at multiple time points.
Tumor morphology evaluation using 3D-morphometric features of renal masses
Authors: Dmitry Fiev , Evgeniy Sirota , Vasiliy Kozlov , Alexandra Proskura , Khalil Ismailov , Evgeny Shpot , Mikhail Chernenkiy , Kirill Puzakov , Alexander Tarasov , Dmitry Korolev , Camilla Azilgareeva , Andrey Vinarov , Denis Butnaru , Petr Glybochko , Leonid Rapoport 
Published: July 2024

Objective: To assess the correlation between the general (gender, age, and maximum tumor size) and 3D morphotopometric features of the renal tumor node, following the MSCT data post-processing, and the tumor histological structure; to propose an equation allowing for kidney malignancy assessment based on general and morphometric features. Materials and methods: In total, 304 patients with unilateral solitary renal neoplasms underwent laparoscopic (retroperitoneoscopic) or robotic partial or radical nephrectomy. Before the procedure, kidney contrast-enhanced MSCT followed by the tumor 3D-modeling was performed. 3D model of the kidney tumor, and its morphotopometric features, and histological structure were analyzed. The morphotopometric ones include the side of the lesion, location by segments, the surface where the tumor, the depth of the tumor invasion into the kidney, and the shape of tumor. Results: Out of 304 patients, 254 (83.6%) had malignant kidney tumors and 50 (16.4%) benign kidney tumors. In total, 231 patients, out of 254 (90.9%) were assessed for the degree of malignant tumor differentiation. Malignant tumors were more frequent in men than in women ( p < 0.001). Mushroom-shaped tumors were the most common shapes among benign renal masses (35.2%). The most common malignant kidney tumors had spherical with a partially uneven surface (27.6%), multinodular (tuberous (27.2%)), and spherical with a conical base (24.8%) shapes. Logistic regression model enabled the development of prognostic equation for tumor malignancy prediction (“low” or “high”). The univariate analysis revealed the correlation only between high differentiation (G1) and a spherical tumor with a conical base ( p = 0.029). Conclusion: The resulting logistic model, based on the analysis of such predictors as gender and form of kidney lesions, demonstrated a large share (87.6%) of correct predictions of the kidney tumor malignancy.
Assessing the safety of bladder-preserving therapy as an alternative to surgical intervention in elderly patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Koller Christopher R. , Greenberg Jacob W. , Natale Caleb , Krane L. Spencer 
Published: July 2024

Background: There is interest in using bladder-preserving therapy as an alternative definitive therapy for muscle invasive bladder cancer in certain high-risk groups such as the elderly. Objective: To determine if bladder-preserving therapy represents a safer alternative to surgical intervention in elderly patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer. Methods: We surveyed the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database (SEER) for cases of non-metastasized malignant bladder cancer in patients aged 80+. Survival outcomes with radical cystectomy (RC) with or without chemotherapy were compared to those after chemotherapy and radiation without cystectomy. We performed log-rank tests and Kaplan-Meier and cox regression and hazard analyses before and after propensity score matching. Results: A total of 2995 patients were identified, with 49.98% treated with RC only, 8.65% treated with RC/chemotherapy, and 41.37% treated with chemotherapy and radiation without RC. Median overall survival for the RC only, RC/chemotherapy and chemotherapy/radiation groups were 31.4, 44.1, and 24.6 months, respectively. On multivariate analysis, hazard ratios (reference: RC/chemotherapy group) were RC Only (HR = 1.408 (95% CI 1.188–1.669), p < 0.0001) and chemotherapy/radiation (HR = 1.650 (95% CI 1.390–1.959), p < 0.0001). After matching the chemotherapy/radiation and RC/chemotherapy groups, the former continued to show survival hazard (HR = 1.744 (95% CI 1.414–2.155), p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Octogenarians should be offered definitive local therapy for their localized bladder cancer including RC and chemotherapy. Bladder-sparing alternatives should be reserved for patients unfit for surgery.
Medication Adherence and Treatment Satisfaction With Lipid-Lowering Drugs Among Patients With Diabetes and Dyslipidemia
Authors: Alfadda Assim A. , Youssef Amira M. , Al-Sofiani Mohammed E. , Amin Hussein Saad , AlOtaibi Obeed , Mohamed Nourhan , Algohani Hossam Ayed , Isnani Arthur , Rafiullah Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Background: Poor adherence to lipid-lowering drugs in diabetic patients with dyslipidemia increases has been linked with an increased cardiovascular risk. A better understanding of the determinants of adherence to lipid-lowering drugs and treatment satisfaction among people with diabetes and dyslipidemia is crucial. Objective: We aimed to assess the prevalence of adherence to lipid-lowering drugs, identify its determinant factors, and evaluate treatment satisfaction among users of lipid-lowering drugs who have diabetes and dyslipidemia. Methods: We surveyed 398 adult patients with diabetes and dyslipidemia, using a validated medication adherence survey (Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale) and a validated treatment satisfaction survey (Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication, TSQM). Sociodemographic and medical history data were collected through questionnaires. Results: The prevalence of poor medication adherence was 36%. Factors associated with poor adherence included adverse reactions to medications, lack of medication availability, and lack of family support. Adherent patients reported lower low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol levels, higher treatment satisfaction, and a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease and comorbidities. Having a family history of dyslipidemia was negatively associated with adherence, while the number of comorbidities positively influenced it. The scores of TSQM components such as effectiveness, global satisfaction, and convenience were significantly higher in people who were adherent or achieved the LDL-C target. Conclusion and Relevance: Our findings highlight the need for interventions targeting several factors impacting adherence to lipid-lowering drugs in patients with diabetes and dyslipidemia. Managing adverse effects, leveraging family support, and ensuring medication access represent crucial aspects of improving adherence and potentially mitigating cardiovascular risks in this high-risk population.
Examining the Sustainability of Core Capacity and Evidence-Based Interventions for FIT-Based CRC Screening: California Colorectal Cancer Control Program
Authors: Omelu Ndukaku , Kempster Marilyn , Velasquez LeeAnn , Nunez de Ybarra Jessica , Littaua Renato , Davis-Patterson Shauntay , Coelho Marco , Darsie Brendan , Hunter June , Donahue Celena , Carrillo Socorro , Arias Raquel , Pinal Sonia 
Published: July 2024

Objectives We examined the extent to which funded satellite clinics could sustain the California Colon Cancer Control Program (C4P) strategies implemented in health systems to increase uptake of the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) or immunochemical fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in the absence of future C4P funds. Introduction Seven health systems consisting of 38 satellite clinics participated in C4P to examine the sustainability of the program in the absence future Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funding. Methods Quantitative and qualitative methods with a close and open-ended survey approach, and a prospective cohort design were used to examine the sustainability of the C4P in health systems. Results A total of 61% of satellite clinics could not sustain funding stability. Only 26% could sustain funding stability. About, 71%, 26%, and 21% of the satellite clinics could sustain the small media platform, patient navigation services, and community health workers (CHWs), respectively. All the satellite clinics sustained the provider reminder system and professional development. Roughly, 71% and 42% of funded satellite clinics could not sustain the patient navigators and CHWs, respectively. The satellite clinics that could sustain funding stability, sustained patient navigation services and CHWs. Health systems that could not sustain funding stability, could not sustain patient navigation services and CHWs. Qualitatively, the need to support uninsured priority populations, health educators, patient navigators, care coordination activities, outreach services, and provision of enhanced services emerged. The need to support enhanced quality measures, expansion of funding, Medi-Cal Public Hospital Redesign and Incentive coverage, health plan, community linkages, resource sharing, and best practices specifically on CRC screening emerged. Themes such as automated reminder, limited personalized care delivery and capacity, transportation barriers, staff salary, expansion of care through patient navigation, and culturally appropriate media campaign also emerged. Conclusion Overall, to address sustainability barriers, funding stability should be maintained in the health systems.