bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and Clinical Evaluation of Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Ureteronephrectomy in Dogs
Authors: Mayhew Philipp D. , Mehler Stephen J. , Mayhew Kelli N. , Steffey Michele A. , Culp William T. N. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo report a surgical technique for transperitoneal laparoscopic ureteronephrectomy (TLU) in dogs and describe complications and outcome in a cohort of dogs.Study DesignExperimental study and case series.AnimalsPurpose‐bred research dogs (n = 3) and canine clinical cases (9).MethodsIn 11 of 12 dogs, a 3 port laparoscopic approach was used and in 1 dog a 4‐port approach was used. Incision through the retroperitoneal space was followed by early dissection of the ureter to aid retraction and elevation of the renal hilus. Dissection was performed principally by use of a vessel‐sealing device. Ligation of the renal hilar vessels was accomplished using laparoscopic hemoclips. Experimental dogs were euthanatized and necropsied.ResultsIn 3 experimental dogs, no intraoperative complications occurred and conversion to an open approach was unnecessary. Of 9 clinical cases, conversion to an open approach was required in 2 dogs, because of severe hydroureter obscuring observation in 1, and uncontrollable retroperitoneal hemorrhage in the other dog. In 1 dog hemorrhage from the renal capsule and renal vein was controlled laparoscopically. No other major complications occurred. All dogs were discharged.ConclusionsTransperitoneal laparoscopic ureteronephrectomy is feasible in dogs although conversion to an open approach should be considered when uncontrollable hemorrhage is encountered or the view is obscured by anatomic alteration.
A Single Caudally Based Frontonasal Bone Flap for Treatment of Bilateral Mucocele in the Paranasal Sinuses of an American Miniature Horse
Authors: Easley Jeremiah T. , Freeman David E. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo describe successful surgical treatment of bilateral mucocele in an American Miniature horse using a single bone flap to approach right and left paranasal sinuses simultaneously.Study DesignClinical report.AnimalA castrated 6‐year‐old American Miniature Horse with a bilateral mucocele of the paranasal sinuses.MethodsA single bilateral frontonasal sinus flap was used in a standing procedure to access the left and right conchofrontal sinuses simultaneously to remove the mucous contents and to establish permanent drainage into the nasal cavities.ResultsThe novel procedure used in this horse allowed excellent access to right and left paranasal sinuses simultaneously and completely resolved nasal discharge and difficulty breathing.ConclusionsA single, bilateral frontonasal sinus flap can be used successfully as a standing procedure to treat bilateral sinonasal disease in horses.
Optimal Tension, Position, and Number of Prostheses Required for Maximum Rima Glottidis Area After Laryngoplasty
Authors: Bischofberger Andrea S. , Wereszka Marta M. , Hadidane Ines , Perkins Nigel R. , Jeffcott Leo B. , Dart Andrew J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of 3 laryngeal prostheses alone or in combination on rima glottidis area in horses.Study DesignExperimental randomized design.Sample PopulationCadaveric equine larynges (n = 22).MethodsThree prostheses were preplaced in each of 14 larynges. Rima glottidis area was measured after loading each suture in 5 Newton (N) increments from 0 N to 35 N. In 8 larynges, the 3 prostheses were tied alone or in combination at a fixed load of 15 N and rima glottidis area measured.ResultsRima glottidis cross‐sectional area increased as the load on each prosthesis increased with maximum area reached at 20 N for each prosthesis. At a fixed load of 15 N, tying 2 and 3 prostheses in combination resulted in a larger rima glottidis cross‐sectional area than achieved with each prosthesis alone.ConclusionsA combination of 2 or 3 prostheses tied at a fixed load of 15 N optimized rima glottidis cross‐sectional area irrespective of the anatomic location of the prosthesis.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Tissue Impedance Measurement Interpretation for Correct Veress Needle Placement in Canine Cadavers
Authors: Whittemore Jacqueline C. , Mitchell Amanda , Hyink Sara , Reed Ann 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo establish the diagnostic accuracy of tissue impedance measurement interpretation (TIMI) for determining correct versus incorrect Veress needle placement.Study DesignProspective, randomized, blinded trial.Study PopulationCanine cadavers (n = 20).MethodsTwo laparoscopists (1 experienced, 1 novice), blinded to tissue impedance measurement results, placed reusable Veress needles in canine cadavers in a randomized order. A 3rd individual interpreted impedance measurements as consistent with correct or incorrect Veress needle placement. Veress needle tip locations were marked by injecting contrasting colors of India ink. Tissue dissection was performed to localize ink. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, precision, and kappa statistics for TIMI for placements by the experienced and novice laparoscopist were determined. P < .05 was considered significant.ResultsTIMI identified 29/33 correct and 7/7 incorrect placements, respectively. Impedance measurement interpretation had 87.9% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 90% accuracy, and 100% precision overall. Agreement between TIMI and Veress needle location was moderate (kappa 0.50, P = .01) for placements by the experienced laparoscopist and very high (kappa 0.88, P < .01) for the novice laparoscopist.ConclusionsDiagnostic accuracy of TIMI for Veress needle placement was higher than has been reported for other tests, and TIMI had a shallow learning curve. TIMI successfully detected all incorrect Veress needle placements. Further prospective evaluation of Veress needle placement with and without TIMI is warranted to determine if its use increases operator detection of inappropriate Veress needle placements or decreases installment phase complication rates.
Women's Attitudes Toward Their Partners’ Involvement in Antenatal Care and Prevention of Mother‐to‐Child Transmission of HIV in Cameroon, Africa
Authors: Nkuoh Godlove N. , Meyer Dorothy J. , Nshom Emmanuel M. 
Published: February 2013

Introduction: Although the HIV epidemic has stabilized worldwide, it remains a public health challenge in sub‐Saharan Africa. The key strategy to prevention and control of HIV remains voluntary counseling and testing. In sub‐Saharan Africa, 76% of pregnant women have at least one antenatal visit. Therefore, antenatal care is a venue through which women can access HIV testing, and, if infected, obtain care for prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission (PMTCT). Public health organizations have promoted increasing HIV testing of men by incorporating partner testing into antenatal care. Recent studies have shown that African women may not be receptive to their partner's involvement in obstetric care secondary to cultural attitudes and traditional beliefs.Methods: A quality improvement project surveyed women to identify their attitudes and beliefs concerning antenatal care, PMTCT, and partner's participation in antenatal care and testing.Results: Women viewed antenatal care as important to having a positive pregnancy outcome and the primary venue through which they accessed HIV testing. Most women (83.8%) were receptive to their partners’ involvement in antenatal care and identified increased partner participation over the past 5 years. Women (98.2%) said men's primary role was payment for obstetric care. Cultural and gender‐based attitudes and beliefs were identified as barriers to HIV testing of men.Discussion: Women viewed antenatal care as important to a positive pregnancy outcome with access dependent on their families’ finances and their partners’ ability and willingness to pay for their care. Although pregnancy has traditionally been viewed as a women's affair, the majority of women wanted their partners to participate in their care, including receiving HIV counseling and testing. Women identified men's involvement as an individual belief, saying that many in their community were not supportive of male participation in antenatal care. Multiple options, including couples testing in antenatal clinics, should be available to increase HIV testing in men.
Childhood Abuse History, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Postpartum Mental Health, and Bonding: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Seng Julia S. , Sperlich Mickey , Low Lisa Kane , Ronis David L. , Muzik Maria , Liberzon Israel 
Published: February 2013

Introduction: Research is needed that prospectively characterizes the intergenerational pattern of effects of childhood maltreatment and lifetime posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on women's mental health in pregnancy and on postpartum mental health and bonding outcomes. This prospective study included 566 nulliparous women in 3 cohorts: PTSD‐positive, trauma‐exposed resilient, and not exposed to trauma.Methods: Trauma history, PTSD diagnosis, and depression diagnosis were ascertained using standardized telephone interviews with women who were pregnant at less than 28 gestational weeks. A 6‐week‐postpartum interview reassessed interim trauma, labor experience, PTSD, depression, and bonding outcomes.Results: Regression modeling indicates that posttraumatic stress in pregnancy, alone, or comorbid with depression is associated with postpartum depression (R2= .204; P < .001). Postpartum depression alone or comorbid with posttraumatic stress was associated with impaired bonding (R2= .195; P < .001). In both models, higher quality of life ratings in pregnancy were associated with better outcomes, while reported dissociation in labor was a risk for worse outcomes. The effect of a history of childhood maltreatment on both postpartum mental health and bonding outcomes was mediated by preexisting mental health status.Discussion: Pregnancy represents an opportune time to interrupt the pattern of intergenerational transmission of abuse and psychiatric vulnerability. Further dyadic research is warranted beyond 6 weeks postpartum. Trauma‐informed interventions for women who enter care with abuse‐related PTSD or depression should be developed and tested.
Italian Multicenter Study on Low‐Density Lipoprotein Apheresis Working Group 2009 Survey
Authors: Stefanutti Claudia , Morozzi Claudia , Di Giacomo Serafina ,   the Italian Multicenter Study on Low‐Density Lipoprotein Apheresis Working Group
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe present results of the second survey of the Italian Multicenter Study on Low‐Density Lipoprotein Apheresis (IMSLDLa‐WG/2). The study involved 18 centers in 2009, treating 66 males and 35 females, mean age 47 ± 18 years. Mean age for initiation of drug treatment before low‐density lipoprotein apheresis (LDLa) was 31 ± 18 years, mean age to the first LDLa was 37 ± 20 years and average duration of treatment was 9 ± 6 years. The techniques used included direct adsorption of lipids, dextran sulfate cellulose adsorption, heparin‐mediated low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) precipitation, cascade filtration, and plasma exchange. The mean treated plasma/blood volumes/session were 3127 ± 518 mL and 8666 ± 1384 mL, respectively. The average plasma volume substituted was 3500 ± 300 mL. Lipid therapy before LDLa included ezetimibe, statins, ω‐3 fatty acids and fenofibrate. Baseline mean LDL cholesterol (LDLC) levels were 386 ± 223 mg/dL. The mean before/after apheresis LDLC level decreased by 67% from 250 ± 108 mg/dL (P = 0.05 vs. baseline) to 83 ± 37 mg/dL (P = 0.001 vs. before). Baseline mean Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] level was 179 ± 136 mg/dL. Mean before/after apheresis Lp(a) level decreased by 71% from 133 ± 120 mg/dL (P = 0.05 vs. baseline) to 39 ± 44 mg/dL (P = 0.001 vs. before). Major and minor side effects occurred in 27 and 62 patients, respectively. Among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), 62.3% had coronary angiography and 50.4% coronary revascularization before LDLa. Single vessel, double vessel and triple vessel CAD occurred in 19 (30.1%), 15 (23.8%) and 29 (46%) patients, respectively. Both CAD and extra‐CAD occurred in 41.5%, 39% had hypertension, 9.9% were smokers, 9.9% consumed alcohol and 42% were physically active. Ischemic cardiovascular events were not observed in any patient over 9 ± 6 years of treatment. Two centers have also treated 34 patients (females: 17/males 17; no. sessions: 36; average plasma volume treated: 3000 mL) for sudden hearing loss (SHL). Relief of symptoms was obtained, independently of the system used (HELP; cascade‐filtration).
Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: seasonal variation in cultural, biochemical and immunoreactive properties of Moraxella bovis isolated from the eyes of cattle
Authors: LEPPER A W D , BARTON I J 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARY: The eyes of 20 young cattle were examined over an 18 month period in which 12 members of the group contracted infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK). On each of 23 occasions cultural, biochemical and immunoreactive properties of up to 6 isolates of Moraxella bovis derived from each eye were determined. Relationships between the clinical response of eyes, phenotypic properties of M. bovis and annual variations in the level of solar ultraviolet radiation of 280 to 320nm wavelength were examined.M. bovis was isolated from all IBK‐affected and some unaffected eyes less than one month after the maximum annual level of the mean weekly UV radiation (2,840 mWh.m−2.nm−1) was recorded. A high proportion of M. bovis from IBK lesions were simultaneously active In haemolysis, agar corrosion, gelatin liquefaction and litmus milk peptonisation. Some of these characteristics showed marked dissociation despite consistent reactivity in the fluorescent antibody test, which had a sensitivity and specificity of 95%. Fall in the mean weekly level of UV radiation below 1,438 mWh.m−2.nm−1 in autumn was accompanied by healing of ulcers, persistent scar formation and a decline in the number of M. bovis isolated from affected eyes. A slower decline in the number of M. bovis isolated from apparently healthy eyes occurred in the winter and occasional fresh IBK lesions occurred. In spring, the rise in UV radiation above 1,438 mWh.m−2.nm−1 was accompanied by an increased frequency of isolation of M. bovis with all 4 characteristics, initially from scarred eyes, and later from those showing fresh ulcers. During late spring and the following summer, when mean weekly solar UV levels were in excess of 2,500 mWh.m−2.nm−1, increasing numbers of non‐haemolytic M. bovis were isolated, which were agar‐corroding and proteolytic, but were not associated with disease. Establishment, or re‐establishment, of M. bovis in the eye was associated with smooth colony morphology, followed by a gradual change to about 50% rough colony variants. This trend continued though winter, but as UV levels rose above 1,500 mWh.m−2.nm−1 during the second summer, smooth colony, non‐haemolytic types predominated. The possible use of such information in vaccination strategy against IBK is discussed.
Enteritis in cattle due to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection
Authors: SLEE KJ , BRIGHTLING P , SEILER RJ 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARY: A selective medium was used to isolate Yersinia sp from the intestinal tract of 222 scouring cattle in Gippsland during 1985 and 1986. Intestinal infection with Y. pseudotuberculosis, particularly of serotype III, was found to be especially prevalent in weaned calves, yearlings and young adult cattle. Clinically affected cattle had a profuse liquid diarrhoea and many were systemically ill.Haematological changes suggestive of infection were present in 38 of 49 of these cattle. At least 35 cattle died and characteristic microabscesses were demonstrated in the intestinal mucosa of 20 of 26 examined histologically. Y. pseudotuberculosis was sensitive to tetracyclines in vitro and this drug produced a rapid bacteriological cure. Yersiniosis occurred during the winter, spring and early summer. Challenge of adult cattle with Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype III did not result in intestinal colonisation or clinical disease. Intestinal infection was, however, established in 4 weaned calves and haematological changes and antibody production were demonstrated in them.Intestinal microabscesses were seen in three calves killed on days 8, 14 and 18 after challenge. The fourth calf eliminated infection by day 18 and no lesions were demonstrated when it was killed on day 72. There is a very high prevalence of antibodies reacting with Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype III in adult cattle. It is concluded that cattle are a common host for this bacterium, infection being frequent, with clinical and fatal disease occurring occasionally. The factors leading to clinical disease are unknown.
Haemophilia A in German shepherd dogs
Authors: PARRY BW , HOWARD MA , MANSELL PD , HOLLOWAY SA 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARY: Haemophilia A was diagnosed in 14 male German shepherd dogs. Factor VIII: coagulant (FVIII:C) activities ranged from 113% of a normal canine plasma pool. von Willebrand's factor antigen values were normal or increased in all 9 of these dogs which were tested.Twelve of these dogs had a common maternal grandsire. Five dogs had exhibited no tendency to bleed (when tested between 2 to 23 months of age). They were tested because of pedigree links with clinically affected animals. Common clinical signs in the latter dogs included: bleeding from the mouth, subcutaneous and intramuscular haematomas and lameness. Since these dogs usually had a mild to moderate deficiency of FVIII:C, they may survive to adulthood without exhibiting clinical signs severe enough to necessitate veterinary attention.
Pathogenicity of field isolates of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in mice, rats and pigs
Authors: EAMENS GJ 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARY: Eight field isolates of Erysipelothrix rhuslopathiae serotypes 1 and 2, from different sources, were examined for their pathogenicities for mice and pigs. Arthritogenicity for pigs correlated with virulence for mice at the highest and lowest levels, but not with strains of intermediate virulence. The most virulent strain was also arthritogenic in rats.In pigs, after repeated intravenous challenge the number of affected joints ranged from 0 to 11 of 12 examined. For the 8 strains, the mean number of affected joints ranged from 1 to 7.7 per pig. Clinical course and pathological findings were correlated, but the onset, severity and duration of lameness was variable both within and between groups. Clinical lameness, joint swelling and urticariae were of limited use as indicators of joint changes. The more virulent strains caused lameness as early as 2 days, whereas strains of low virulence took up to 8 weeks.
Analysis of karyotype diversity of 40 Chinese chrysanthemum cultivars
Authors: ZHANG Yuan , ZHU Ming‐Li , DAI Si‐Lan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractTo investigate the genetic differences in Chinese large‐flowered chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum×morifolium Ramat.) cultivars, we selected 40 typical and stable cultivars on which to carry out cytological studies using karyotype analysis. The results showed that 67.5% of these cultivars were hexaploid‐based aneuploid and that the proportion of hexaploid decreased with passing time. Moreover, 35% of the cultivars had 1–4 satellite chromosome(s). The probability of satellite chromosomes rose with increasing chromosome number. Most of the karyotypes were 2A and 2B. The probability of types 2A and 2C also increased with increasing ploidy of the cultivars. The mean of long‐/short‐arm ratio and the variation of long‐/short‐arm ratio were positively correlated (r2 = 0.72). There was no obvious difference in the asymmetry coefficient of karyotypes, but the discrepancy in the variance of karyotype asymmetry index and relative length of chromosomes was quite distinct. In terms of karyotype parameters, the petal types of chrysanthemums were classified to five groups as flat, tubular, spoon, abnormal, and anemone. We did not observe any obvious orderliness among flower head types. Considering the relationship between karyotype parameters and phenotypic characters, variation of long‐/short‐arm ratio and asymmetry coefficient of karyotypes had the greatest relevance toward most phenotypic characters. The above results indicate that karyotype parameters possess great values for cultivar identification, classification, and genetic analysis in chrysanthemums.
Zygomatic air cell defect: a panoramic radiographic study of a North Indian population
Authors: Gupta Deepak , Sheikh Soheyl , Pallagatti Shambulingappa , Aggarwal Amit , Goyal Gaurav , Chidanandappa Rashmi N. , Parnami Priyanka 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence, radiographic appearance, and characteristics of zygomatic air cell defects (ZACD) in digital panoramic radiographs in a North Indian population.MethodsThe dental panoramic radiographs of 800 outpatients were selected from the records of the department, and were examined retrospectively to evaluate the variations and characteristics of ZACD. Groups were compared by χ2 analysis for the presence of ZACD.ResultsZACD were identified in 46 of 800 patients, giving an overall prevalence of 5.7%. Patients with ZACD were aged 4–60 years, with a mean age of 31.43 years. Most patients with ZACD were in their thirties. ZACD showed a no gender predilection; 29 of 46 patients were male (63.4%), and 17 were female (36.6%). Thirty cases (65.2%) of ZACD were unilateral, with 20 cases occurring on the right side. In 16 cases (34.8%), ZACD was bilateral. Forty four of the defects were unilocular, and two of the defects were multilocular.ConclusionDigital panoramic radiographs are considered better than conventional panoramic radiographs in locating ZACD. Further, the presence of ZACD might be valuable for age estimations, to some extent. Further studies are required to investigate the pneumatization of articular eminence before puberty.
Determinants of dental health status and dental health behavior among Sana'a University students, Yemen
Authors: Halboub Esam , Dhaifullah Esam , Yasin Rasha 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the dental health status and toothbrushing behavior among Sana'a University students, and to explore any associations with different factors.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, the dental health of 360 students from the dental, medical, and literature faculties (120 each) at Sana'a University were examined using the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index. Data regarding study field, grade, toothbrushing behavior, parents' education, and smoking and khat chewing habits were recorded.ResultsNearly 76% of students (n = 273) reported regularly brushing their teeth. Excluding fathers' education levels and khat chewing, other factors (faculty, grade, sex, mothers' education, and smoking) were significant independent predictors for this behavior. The overall mean DMFT score (± standard deviation) was 4.13 ± 3.1, and was found to be adversely influenced by smoking, which explained only 1.1% of the variance. Toothbrushing, sex, and smoking were significant independent predictors for the decay score, and explained 10.6% of its variance. Khat chewing was found to be adversely associated with the missing score, with an influence of only 2.9%. The filling score was found to be positively associated with toothbrushing and study grade, which together had an influence of 10%.ConclusionsThe dental health and toothbrushing behaviors of Sana'a University students are unsatisfactory, and influenced unequally by different factors.