bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continous-discontinous analysis of an unstable slope: evolution of damage zones and potential influencing areas
Authors: Dai Yi , Li Shaokai , Zhang Yiming , Jiao Liqing , Niu Ben , Wen Minjie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study focuses on a slope located in Nanjing, China, which has been continuously deforming since 2003. With a numerical tool continuum-discontinuum element method (CDEM) built in a hybrid finite-discrete framework, the damage evolutions of the slope were simulated and its potential influencing areas were predicted. In the analysis, a seepage model was used to assess the current state of the slope considering hydro-mechanical coupling. The strength reduction method was used to assess the factor of safety of the slope and the location and shape of unsafety blocks. According to the results of the stability analysis, a particle flow model was developed to provide the impact areas of potential landslide. The results show very high kinetic energy of the landslide which can move far away and cause blockage of the national highway nearby. Therefore, it is suggested to adopt comprehensive proactive defense measures to ensure the safety of people's lives and property.
The predictive value of pan-immune inflammatory index for early recurrence of atrial fibrillation after cryoablation
Authors: Gu Pengyang , Xu Peng , Chen Yiqun , Li Jingyu , Sun Hanrui , Xu Haixia , Lu Qi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective: The pan-immune inflammatory (PIV) index holds prognostic value for cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the PIV index regarding recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after cryoballoon ablation (CBA).
Methods: The study included 307 patients with AF. Four inflammatory markers, namely, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune inflammation (SII) index, and PIV index, were used as indicators. COX regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the predictive value of AF recurrence after CBA. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the discriminative power of the indicators.
Result：The PIV index [94.9 (168.9,504.9) vs. 143.2 (98.2,210.6), P< 0.01] and SII index [366.3 (256.6,491.9) vs. 569.9 (658.1,438.4), P<0.01] were significantly higher in the recurrence group. Univariate COX regression analysis showed that these four indices, persistent AF, and left atrial diameter (LAD) were all associated with AF recurrence. In multivariate regression analysis, the PIV index, persistent AF, and LAD (all P < 0.05) were independent predictors of postoperative AF recurrence. The ROC curve analysis showed that the PIV index had a higher predictive value for AF recurrence (AUC = 0.768, P < 0.01, 95% CI: 0.696–0.840) than the SII index and NLR. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients with a PIV index > 260.7 had a higher recurrence rate at 1-year follow-up (P < 0.01). Subgroup analysis indicated that PIV had a predictive value in patients with different types of AF.
Conclusion：PIV index may be a potential biomarker for predicting relapse in patients with non-valvular AF after CBA.
Combining social science and chemistry to uncover the potential of the traditional pit method for shea processing
Authors: Turreira-García Nerea , Nielsen Nikoline , Pattison David , Makowicz Ewa , Walbeogo Ella , Dao Yaya , Christensen Jan , Pouliot Mariève 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Shea oil, a widely consumed commodity globally, is intricately linked to the labor of women in Sub-Saharan Africa. Employing a traditional yet underexplored method, shea nuts are fermented in subterranean pits, presenting significant opportunities for local processors, the industry, and environmental sustainability. Through interdisciplinary inquiry, we investigate the adoption of this method within rural West African communities, considering its chemical and industrial implications. Local processors favor the pit method for its convenience and efficiency. Traditional practices of burying shea nuts for three to six months result in an optimal chemical profile, characterized by lower free fatty acid and polar lipid content compared to boiled kernels, enhancing quality and mechanical processability, both criteria desirable for industrial applications. This method has the potential to reduce the use of firewood and water in producing communities. Nevertheless, encouraging widespread adoption by new processors will likely require increased nut prices based on seasonal factors.
Simple MR Guided Breast Biopsy Strategy: technique and radiological-pathological association
Authors: Khalaj Fattaneh , Moradi Zahra , Ghorani Hamed , Kasaeian Amir , Golazar Mohammad Hosein , Akhlaghpoor Shahram 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
MRI is pivotal in breast imaging, encompassing staging, treatment monitoring, and lesion differentiation. While MRI boasts high sensitivity, specificity, and utility in detecting otherwise unseen lesions, challenges persist in accurately distinguishing benign from malignant findings. The study delves into MRI-guided breast biopsy outcomes and highlights the importance of radiologic-pathologic results.
Methods
This retrospective study analyzed 109 MRI-guided breast biopsies conducted on lesions identified between 2017 and 2023. the patients underwent biopsies for screening and diagnostic purposes. Biopsy procedures involved meticulous MRI guidance using a 1.5 Tesla system. Lesions were categorized based on location and BIRADS lexicon, with biopsy results spanning benign, suspicious, and malignant pathologies. Data collection encompassed a wide array of patient factors and pathology reports, meticulously reviewed by experienced radiologists, shedding light on the efficacy and outcomes of MRI-guided breast biopsies.
Results
The participants had a mean age of 45 ± 11 years. A significant association was found between the history of pregnancy and breast lesion enhancement. Patients with mass enhancement had a higher BIRADS B4b, B4c, and B5 classification rate, while those with non-mass enhancement were more commonly classified as BIRADS B3 and B4a. Histopathology diagnoses were significant in determining the presence of mass or non-mass lesions. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI for detecting malignancy were high for BIRADS categories 4c and 5 but may result in a higher number of false positives.
Conclusions
our research highlighted the significance of MRI in the diagnosis of breast cancer, particularly when used in conjunction with high-risk lesions as well as showed the need of sub-classifying BI-RADS-4 lesions to minimize the number of unnecessary biopsies. The results affirm the ongoing use of MRI-guided biopsy for the detection of breast cancer.
Association between HIV low-level viremia and CD4+ cell count changes among people living with HIV during antiretroviral therapy in Dehong, Southwest China in 2008-2021: a longitudinal study
Authors: Yu Hailiang , Yang Yuecheng , Cao Dongdong , Cao Yanfen , Shi Yun , Xiao Guifang , Li Pinyin , Feng Yanling , Wei Hua , Sun Jinting , Duan Song , Ye Runhua , Jin Cong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) low-level viremia (LLV) on CD4 + T lymphocyte (CD4) cell count during antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains unknown in China. We aimed to investigate the association between LLV and changes in CD4 cell count among adults on ART in Southwest China.
Methods
A longitudinal cohort study on people living with HIV (PLWH) were conducted in Dehong Prefecture, Southwest China, with viral load (VL) and CD4 cell count measured yearly. The proportion of LLV with VL of 50–999 copies/ml was described. The incidences of CD4 cell count ≥ 500 cells/µl was calculated by follow-up years. The CD4 cell count and LLV trajectories were classified with group-based trajectory model (GBTM). Associations between LLV and CD4 cell count < 500 cells/µl were analyzed using a generalized estimating equation (GEE) with follow-up LLV as a time-updated variable.
Results
We followed the longitudinal cohort of 7,485 PLWH (median observation time, 8.5 years) from 2008 to 2021 in Dehong. The median age at ART baseline was 36 years and male participants accounted for 60.5%. The median CD4 cell count at baseline was 268 cells/µl. Seven hundred and thirty patients (9.8%) experience continuous LLV trajectories and only 2,125 patients (28.4%) reached CD4 cell count > 500 cells/µl level using GBTM. The risk of CD4 cell count < 500 cells/µl were high for participants with LLV 50–199 copies/ml (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-1.3) and LLV 200–999 copies/ml (aOR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1–1.5), compared with participants with VL < 50 copies/ml.
Conclusion
LLV during ART follow-ups is associated with an increased risk of poor CD4 recovery among HIV patients. LLV monitoring and intervention should be strengthened.
The influence of BMI on optimal PEEP titrated by electrical impedance tomography in ARDS patients
Authors: Zhao Yutong , Chi Yi , Yuan Siyi , Gao Yelin , Yang Jin , Zhang Meng , Xu Mengru , Wang Qianlin , Sun Xiaotong , Han Jingbing , Frerichs Inéz , Zhao Zhanqi , Jiang Jing , He Huaiwu , Long Yun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Obese patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) may require higher positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), but the dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and PEEP remains undetermined. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between BMI and the optimal PEEP titrated by electrical impedance tomography (EIT) in ARDS patients.
Methods
ARDS patients who underwent EIT-guided PEEP titration were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were classified as obese (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m²) and non-obese (BMI < 28 kg/m²). All patients received a decremental PEEP trial from 18 to 3 cmH2O, and the optimal PEEP was determined by the lowest sum of EIT-based regional overdistension and collapse.
Results
Among 115 ARDS patients reviewed, average BMI was 25.1 (22.4–28.0) kg/m2, ranging from 16.0 to 38.1 kg/m2, with 29 (25.2%) patients being obese. Compared to non-obese patients, the titrated PEEP was higher in obese patients (12 [12–15] cmH2O vs 9 [6–12] cmH2O, p < 0.001). At the PEEP level of 3 cmH2O, the proportion of collapse in obese group was higher than in the non-obese group (39.0 [31.0-48.2] % vs 27.5 [18.3–40.7] %, p = 0.004). At the PEEP level of 18 cmH2O, overdistension was lower in obese group (18.0 [14.0-26.6] % vs 25.4 [18.0–35.0] %, p = 0.023). A positive linear correlation was found between BMI and EIT-derived best PEEP (Spearman R = 0.46, p < 0.001). For detecting the optimal PEEP ≥ 12 cmH2O, a cutoff of BMI > 30 kg/m² would provide a specificity of 96.4% and a positive predictive value of 88.2%.
Conclusion
A lower PEEP resulted in more collapse and a higher PEEP resulted in less overdistension in obese ARDS patients. The findings provided evidence to consider BMI in setting PEEP for this patient group.
Elevated temperature enhance task performance by improving cognitive abilities in common rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus)
Authors: Sysiak Monika , Babkiewicz Ewa , Zebrowski Marcin Lukasz , Rutkowska Katarzyna , Kunjiappan Selvaraj , Lee Jae-Seong , Maszczyk Piotr 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The primary drivers of the thermal sensitivity of ectothermic organisms' task performance remain uncertain, with the potential for changes in mobility, cognitive ability, or the interaction between these factors to be considered. Similarly, it is unclear whether the relationship between these processes varies with experience or task difficulty. These questions were investigated using a common rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus) foraging to find a high food density reward (Artemia salina nauplii) in consecutive daily sessions under different task difficulty (short, medium and long distances to the reward and presence or absence of experienced individuals) at two temperatures (16 or 26°C). The results demonstrated that the thermal sensitivity of task performance was within the range of Q10 between 3 and 4 during the first session, rising between second and third sessions, before decreasing to 2 for the subsequent sessions. A positive correlation was observed between thermal sensitivity of task performance and task difficulty. The thermal sensitivity of mobility increased only slightly over consecutive daily sessions, reaching up to Q10 = 2. The discrepancy in thermal sensitivity between task performance and mobility indicates that the improvement in task performance at elevated temperatures is due to enhanced cognition, either independently or through interaction with mobility.
Multi-delay arterial spin labelling and conventional single-delay arterial spin labelling perfusion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: correlation with dynamic contrast enhanced MR imaging
Authors: Tian Tongtong , Ding Rongrong , Ling Jun , Luo Xianfu , Xu Yali , Ye Jing , Tang Guangyu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate the potential correlation between three perfusion methods:multi-delay arterial spin labeling (MDASL),conventional single-delay arterial spin labelling(SDASL), and dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (ANPC).
Materials and Methods: Forty-seven patients with locoregionally ANPC were prospectively recruited.MDASL parameters including the corrected tumor blood flow (c-TBF), arterial transit time (ATT), and associated tumor blood volume (aTBV),SDASL including the non-corrected tumor blood flow (nc-TBF), DCE-MRI quantitative parameters including Ktrans, Kep, Ve, Vp were calculated by two observers independently. The intra- and inter-observer agreement was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. Relationships between MDASL, SDASL and DCE-MRI parameters were assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation.
Results: The intra- and interobserver reproducibility were observed to be excellent, with an ICC ranging from 0.81 to 0.997 and a narrow width of 95% limits of agreement. A good positive correlation was observed between MDASL-related perfusion parameters (c-TBF, aTBV) and DCE-MRI parameters (Ktrans, Kep) (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients: 0.61 to 0.71, p < 0.001). Additionally, a slight correlation was noted between ATT values from MDASL and Ve perfusion parameters from the DCE-MRI (r=0.23,P=0.005). SDASL (nc-TBF) values showed a strong or moderate correlation with Ktrans(p<0.001,r = 0.59) and Kep (p<0.001, r=0.64), respectively. No correlation was observed between MDASL-related perfusion parameters (c-TBF and aTBV), SDASL (nc-TBF) and DCE parameters (Ve and Vp) (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients: 0.07 to 0.145, p > 0.05).
Conclusion: MDASL multi-parametric perfusion,SDASL single-parameter perfusion and quantitative DCE-MRI parameters were correlated in the assessment of ANPC and were both reliable and reproducible.Although SDASL demonstrated a strong correlation with DCE-MRI, the correlation was slightly inferior to that of MDASL multi-parameters.MDASL, as a promising noninvasive perfusion imaging tool, may become an alternative to DCE-MRI for assessing ANPC perfusion levels in the future.
Assessing users’ experiences and integration of digital health interventions for Human Papilloma Virus vaccination and cervical cancer services in Rwanda
Authors: Sibomana Hassan , Ukwishaka Joyeuse , Mtenga Hassan , Luoga Oswald , Acosta Diane , Fisher-Borne Marcie , Soma Grace Juan , Bahizi Marcel , Uwinkindi Francois , Hagenimana Marc , Mukanyandwi Irene , Mbele Innocent , Hildebrand Maya Rivera 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Cervical cancer poses a significant global public health concern, especially in low- and middle-income countries like Rwanda, where access to preventive measures and screening is limited. The World Health Organization (WHO) urges nations to intensify efforts in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, screening, and cervical cancer treatment. However, challenges in implementation persist. Digital health solutions have gained attention as potential solutions to enhance the effectiveness and accessibility of these interventions. This study assesses users’ experience including acceptability, satisfaction, and integration, of the digital health interventions for HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening in Rwanda.
Methodology
Employing a qualitative approach, the study engaged 15 participants through purposeful sampling, ensuring data saturation and maximum variation. We conducted semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with key informants in selected Rwandan healthcare facilities offering HPV vaccination and cervical cancer services. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and subjected to manual coding and thematic analysis to extract common themes and patterns. Anonymous quotes were utilized to illustrate these themes.
Results
User experiences with digital health interventions, particularly regarding usability, acceptability, and satisfaction, have been largely positive. Nevertheless, transitioning from paper-based to digital systems has presented challenges, including limited computer literacy among users, initial resistance to change, and a shortage of necessary equipment. Factors such as leadership commitment, technical support, and supervision have been critical in the successful implementation of these digital interventions.
Conclusion
The study offers valuable insights into the advantages, obstacles, and methods to improve adoption and effectiveness of digital health interventions in cervical cancer prevention, aiming to reduce the disease burden in Rwanda. Moreover, the findings provide potential global insights for similar initiatives in cervical cancer prevention, suggesting broader applicability and significance of this research in other contexts.
Evaluation of corticoresistance in patients with Thyroid Eye Disease and use of Rituximab as a second-line treatment
Authors: Pekarova Klara , Schovanek Jan , Dohnal Roman , Radvansky Martin , Karasek David , Karhanova Marta 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose: High-dose intravenous glucocorticoids are the standard first-line treatment in active, moderate to severe and severe thyroid eye disease (TED). We evaluate the usefulness of CAS and TSI as predictors and/or post-treatment markers of corticoresistance in patients with TED and the effect of Rituximab in second-line treatment.
Methods: We enrolled 236 patients with an active TED into this retrospective single-tertiary-center cohort study. All patients were initially treated with high-dose systemic glucocorticoids. Rituximab was later administered to 29 of 42 corticoresistant patients.
Results: The CAS of the corticoresistant patients was significantly higher both before (p = 0.0001) and after (p = <0.0001) first-line treatment compared to the corticosensitive group. ROC analysis established the cut-point value as CAS ≥ 2.5 with a sensitivity of 96.3%, specificity of 57.5% and area under the curve of 82.8%. In 22 patients treated with Rituximab, CAS gradually decreased to zero values without reactivation during extended follow-up. There was no difference in the TSI of corticosensitive and corticoresistant patients before or after first-line therapy.
Conclusion: CAS ≥ 2, after first-line treatment, could be used as a corticoresistance marker. Corticoresistant patients should be subject to long-term follow-up for early detection of reactivation to reduce the delay to second-line treatment. Rituximab is a well-tolerated choice of second-line treatment and has a long-lasting effect on disease activity. Although TSI is a valuable biomarker of Graves’ disease and TED activity, according to our results, TSI cannot be used as a marker of corticoresistance.
Muscular robusticity and strength in the lower extremities in elite handball players
Authors: Zsakai Annamaria , Ratz-Sulyok Fanny Zselyke , Jang-Kapuy Csilla , Petridis Leonidas , Bakonyi Peter , Juhasz Istvan , Szabo Tamas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The relationship between structural and functional of parameters of skeletal muscles in young athletes needs further observations. The analyses of their age-group differences, sexual dimorphism, asymmetry characteristics in body regions, in sports having different pattern of physical loading could serve important information in this topic. 175 elite Hungarian handball players aged between 14 and 21 years were examined in 2023. Muscle mass component of the body segments was estimated by DEXA method and muscle thickness of the anterior mid-thigh region was measured by a new ultrasonic technique. The strength of knee extensor muscles was assessed by using an isokinetic protocol (Kineosystem dynamometer). A strong association between muscle robusticity and strength in the thigh region was confirmed in males, but not in females. Asymmetry in muscle mass reflected in the asymmetry in the knee extensor strength. A new predictive equation of muscle mass in the jumping leg and the total body from the muscle thickness in the anterior mid-thigh region of jumping leg was introduced. The exploration and understanding of asymmetric structural and functional adaptations can help athletes and trainers in planning the training and training interventions to reduce the risk of injuries.
Endophytes and soil microorganisms participate in the germination of Sinojackia xylocarpa Hu by degrading the pericarp
Authors: Li Zi-Hao , Ma Xin-Yi , Yang Huan , Zang Run-Guo , Li Jiaru 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Sinojackia xylocarpa is a rare endemic genus in China, and is endangered in their wild habitats. For endangered rare species, sexual propagation is significant for their protection of genetic diversity and restoration of wild population. Especially for S. xylocarpa, the artificially cultivated population is expanded by vegetative propagation, which could lead to a lack of diversity. The fruits of S. xylocarpa require stratification to germinate, during which the hard pericarp becomes soft, and endophytes and soil microorganisms are considered to be involved in the process. Amplicon sequencing was used to analyze the changes in microbial community structure and the role of microorganisms in pericarp degradation. Analyses of pericarp from fresh and stratified fruits of different stages revealed that the abundance of endophytic bacteria in pericarp presented an overall increasing trend as the stratification processing; endophytic bacteria in stratified pericarp can produce beta-glucosidase to participate in the degradation of the pericarp. Soil fungal diversity analyses of different stages showed that the highest levels of the two samples of fungi function clustering is saprophytic in nutritional type; guild model also indicated that wooden saprophytic fungi abundance increased obviously; further the effect of degrading pericarp of four strains isolated from stratified pericarp are confirmed. Results above indicate that soil fungi are involved in the degradation. Breaking seed dormancy with microorganisms has the potential to be applied to endangered plants that face difficulties in germination, especially in their natural habitats.