bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The covariety of numerical semigroups with fixed Frobenius number
Authors: Moreno-Frías M. A. , Rosales J. C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDenote by $${\mathrm m}(S)$$

m
(
S
)

the multiplicity of a numerical semigroup S. A covariety is a nonempty family $$\mathscr {C}$$
C
of numerical semigroups that fulfils the following conditions: there is the minimum of $$\mathscr {C},$$

C
,

the intersection of two elements of $$\mathscr {C}$$
C
is again an element of $$\mathscr {C}$$
C
and $$S\backslash \{{\mathrm m}(S)\}\in \mathscr {C}$$

S
\
{
m
(
S
)
}
∈
C

for all $$S\in \mathscr {C}$$

S
∈
C

such that $$S\ne \min (\mathscr {C}).$$

S
≠
min
(
C
)
.

In this work we describe an algorithmic procedure to compute all the elements of $$\mathscr {C}.$$

C
.

We prove that there exists the smallest element of $$\mathscr {C}$$
C
containing a set of positive integers. We show that $$\mathscr {A}(F)=\{S\mid S \hbox { is a numerical semigroup with Frobenius number }F\}$$

A
(
F
)
=
{
S
∣
S

is a numerical semigroup with Frobenius number

F
}

is a covariety, and we particularize the previous results in this covariety. Finally, we will see that there is the smallest covariety containing a finite set of numerical semigroups.
Germline genome editing of human IVF embryos should not be subject to overly stringent restrictions
Authors: Smith Kevin Richard 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper critiques the restrictive criteria for germline genome editing recently proposed by Chin, Nguma, and Ahmad in this journal. While praising the authors for resisting fervent calls for an outright ban on clinical applications of the technology, this paper argues that their approach is nevertheless unduly restrictive, and may thus hinder technological progress. This response advocates for weighing potential benefits against risks without succumbing to excessive caution, proposing that ethical oversight combined with genetic scrutiny at the embryo stage post-editing can enable responsible use of the technology, ultimately reducing the burden of genetic diseases and enhancing human health, akin to how IVF transformed reproductive medicine despite strong initial opposition.
Identification of the endangered species Haplotropis brunneriana (Insecta: Orthoptera) from South Korea using exuviae
Authors: Kim Mannyun , Lee Hye-Rin , Lee Jong Eun , Cha Deokjea 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMost Pamphagidae species are at risk of being endangered due to their flightlessness, low mobility, and small habitat range. For the same reason, Haplotropis brunneriana (Orthoptera: Pamphagidae) has been designated an endangered species in South Korea. Endangered species with small populations are difficult to observe and investigate because any damage or disturbance to them are prohibited. To address these problems, we first performed non-invasive genomic DNA (gDNA) extraction using exuviae to identify H. brunneriana. Second, we tested the limit of detection of gDNA in the exuviae and how long it could persist when exposed to artificial environmental conditions. Using exuviae, we identified cytochrome b as a species-specific marker of H. brunneriana that could distinguish them from other grasshoppers with sufficient specificity. In the limit of detection test, gDNA could persist and be amplified from exuviae for up to 40 days. Our results demonstrated that fewer than 10 days is recommended for amplifying gDNA from exuviae to obtain reproducible results. In conclusion, this non-invasive identification method using exuviae can be used as an alternative to species identification when it is difficult to find H. brunneriana in the habitat and has the advantage of allowing genetic research to be conducted without harming the endangered species.
Evaluation and characterization of the radiological environmental impact of waste generated from the oil ash
Authors: Nasr Amal S. , Duraia El-Shazly M. , Shafaa Medhat W. , Ayoub H. A. , Essa A. M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe oil ash radioactive waste was generated from electrical power plants and it was presented great concern due to environmental impact. In this study oil ash was characterized from technical and radiological aspects. Oil ash average activity concentrations for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were (1718 ± 85.9, 278.1 ± 13.9, and 136 ± 6.7) Bq/kg respectively, that were higher than the worldwide average. The average value of AEDtot was (10.5 ± 0.5) mSv/y, which was higher than the dose limit of public. All the radiological parameters were higher than worldwide. The samples examined by XRF, and XRD. That contained economic elements as iron, vanadium, nickel.
Preparation of bulk micro–mesoporous silica-supported ZnO via silicic acid as a desulfurizer
Authors: Mori Kazuma , Sato Yohei , Ohashi Masahiro , Hayami Ryohei , Dowaki Kiyoshi , Yamamoto Kazuki , Gunji Takahiro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSilicic acid solution, which is prepared from water glass followed by extraction with tetrahydrofuran (THF), is focused on an environmentally friendly and inexpensive source of silica. In this study, we aimed the preparation of bulk porous silica with low environmental impact and cost, and desulfurization of its supported ZnO was investigated. Bulk porous silica was prepared by the condensation of silicic acid/THF in the presence of Pluronic P123. Suitable condition was investigated for the formation of crack-free bulk body with high surface area and reproducibility under the molar ratio of H2O/Si and Si/Pluronic P123 on 121 and 100, respectively. From nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurements, this bulk porous silica was categorized into micro–mesoporous silica. Moreover, Pluronic P123 was extracted and recycled. Bulk porous silica-supported 15 wt% ZnO was prepared by the impregnation of ZnCl2 followed by calcination in air. The desulfurization ability was 8.7 mg/g.
Graphical Abstract
Ungrazed seminatural habitats around farms benefit bird conservation without enhancing foodborne pathogen risks
Authors: Olimpi Elissa M. , Ke Alison , Baur Patrick , Carlisle Liz , Esquivel Kenzo E. , Glaser Tyler , Snyder William E. , Waterhouse Hannah , Bowles Timothy M. , Kremen Claire , Karp Daniel S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Context
Conservation in working landscapes is critical for halting biodiversity declines and ensuring farming system sustainability. However, concerns that wildlife may carry foodborne pathogens has created pressure on farmers to remove habitat and reduce biodiversity, undermining farmland conservation. Nonetheless, simplified farming landscapes may host bird communities that carry higher foodborne disease risks.

Objectives
We analyzed the effects of local farming practices and surrounding landscapes on bird communities and food-safety risks across 30 California lettuce farms. Specifically, we sought to determine how farmland diversification affects bird diversity, fecal contamination, and foodborne pathogen incidences, thereby identifying potential tradeoffs between managing farms for bird conservation versus food safety.

Methods
We surveyed birds at 227 point-count locations, quantified fecal contamination along 120 transects, and assayed 601 bird feces for pathogenic E. coli, Campylobacter spp., and Salmonella spp. We then used hierarchical models to quantify effects of farm management and landscape context on bird communities and food-safety risks.

Results
Surrounding ungrazed seminatural areas were associated with higher bird diversity, more species of conservation concern, and fewer flocks that may increase risks from foodborne pathogens. In contrast, on-farm diversification practices and surrounding grazing lands offered weaker bird conservation benefits. Surrounding grazed lands were associated with more potentially pathogenic bird feces in crop fields.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that habitat conservation around produce farms could support bird conservation without increasing foodborne pathogens, especially on farms further from grazing lands. Thus, interventions that diversify farming systems offer potential to simultaneously conserve biodiversity and provide safe food for human consumption.
A Lightweight Task-Agreement Meta Learning for Low-Resource Speech Recognition
Authors: Chen Yaqi , Zhang Hao , Zhang Wenlin , Qu Dan , Yang Xukui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMeta-learning has proven to be a powerful paradigm for transferring knowledge from prior tasks to facilitate the quick learning of new tasks in automatic speech recognition. However, the differences between languages (tasks) lead to variations in task learning directions, causing the harmful competition for model’s limited resources. To address this challenge, we introduce the task-agreement multilingual meta-learning (TAMML), which adopts the gradient agreement algorithm to guide the model parameters towards a direction where tasks exhibit greater consistency. However, the computation and storage cost of TAMML grows dramatically with model’s depth increases. To address this, we further propose a simplification called TAMML-Light which only uses the output layer for gradient calculation. Experiments on three datasets demonstrate that TAMML and TAMML-Light achieve outperform meta-learning approaches, yielding superior results.Furthermore, TAMML-Light can reduce at least 80$$\%$$%of the relative increased computation expenses compared to TAMML.
Sliding mode tracking control of a class of fractional-order nonstrict-feedback nonlinear systems
Authors: Mohsenipour Reza , Massicotte Daniel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSince the Leibniz rule for integer-order derivatives of the product of functions, which includes a finite number of terms, is not true for fractional-order (FO) derivatives of that, all sliding mode control (SMC) methods introduced in the literature involved a very limited class of FO nonlinear systems. This article presents a solution for the unsolved problem of SMC of a class of FO nonstrict-feedback nonlinear systems with uncertainties. Using the Leibniz rule for the FO derivative of the product of two functions, which includes an infinite number of terms, it is shown that only one of these terms is needed to design a SMC law. Using this point, an algorithm is given to design the controller for reference tracking, that significantly reduces the number of design parameters, compared to the literature. Then, it is proved that the algorithm has a closed-form solution which presents a straightforward tool to the designer to obtain the controller. The solution is applicable to the systems with a mixture of integer-order and FO dynamics. Stability and finite-time convergence of the offered control law are also demonstrated. In the end, the availability of the suggested SMC is illustrated through a numerical example arising from a real system.
Studies on electron acceleration from modulated surface at grazing angle laser interaction
Authors: Madhubabu K. , Varshney P. , Gopal K. , Upadhyay A. , Prasad Y. B. S. R. , Mishra S. R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSurface plasmon (SP) based electron acceleration has been investigated during the interaction of short, ultra-intense (I > 1019 W/cm2) laser pulse with periodically modulated solid target. Laser contrast conditions are required to preserve the structural integrity of the target. Two dimensional (2D) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations report emission of energetic (~ 78 MeV) electron bunches along grating surface for grazing incident of laser pulse at an optimum angle 4° with respect to target surface. The energy and flux of emitted electrons for grazing laser incidence were found to be strongly enhanced as compared to the incident angles satisfying the resonant condition for surface plasma wave’s excitation.
Mirror-mediated ultralong-range atomic dipole–dipole interactions
Authors: Furtak-Wells Nicholas , Dawson Benjamin , Mann Thomas , Jose Gin , Beige Almut 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn three dimensions, dipole–dipole interactions which alter atomic level shifts and spontaneous decay rates only persist over distances comparable to the wavelength of the emitted light. In this paper we show that it is possible to significantly extend the range of these interactions with the help of a partially transparent asymmetric mirror interface. Suppose two two-level atoms are placed on opposite sides of the interface, each at the position of the mirror image of the other. In this case, their emitted light interferes almost exactly as it would when the atoms are right next to each other. Hence their dipole–dipole interaction assumes an additional maximum, even when the actual distance of the atoms is several orders of magnitude larger than the transition wavelength. Although the resulting ultralong-range interactions are in general relatively weak, we expect them to find applications in quantum technology, like non-invasive quantum sensing.
Temporal and masseter muscle evaluation by MRI provides information on muscle mass and quality in acromegaly patients
Authors: Gatto Federico , Milioto Angelo , Corica Giuliana , Nista Federica , Campana Claudia , Arecco Anna , Mattioli Lorenzo , Belluscio Lorenzo , Bignotti Bianca , Ferone Diego , Tagliafico Alberto Stefano 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The impact of GH/IGF-1 levels on skeletal muscle in acromegaly is still controversial. Temporal (TMT) and masseter muscle (MMT) thickness has been recently demonstrated as a reliable measure of muscle mass. We aimed to investigate the relationship between TMT, MMT and clinical/biochemical characteristics in patients with acromegaly.

Methods
Single center retrospective longitudinal study including 69 patients with at least one available brain/sella turcica MRI and matched clinical data. TMT, MMT, and muscle fatty infiltration (modified Goutallier score) were evaluated in all patients at baseline (first available MRI) and over time (182 MRIs analyzed).

Results
At baseline, both TMT and MMT were higher in males than females (p = 0.001 and p = 0.016, respectively). TMT and MMT were positively associated (β 0.508, p < 0.001), and they were positively correlated with IGF-1 xULN (TMT, p = 0.047; MMT, p = 0.001). MMT had a positive correlation with patients’ weight (p = 0.015) and height (p = 0.006). No correlation was found between TMT, MMT and the presence of hypogonadism. Considering all available MRIs, sex and IGF-1 xULN were significant determinants of TMT and MMT at multivariable analysis (female sex: β -0.345/-0.426, p < 0.001; IGF-1 xULN: β 0.257/0.328, p < 0.001). At longitudinal evaluation, uncontrolled patients at baseline showed a significant reduction of MMT over time (p = 0.044). Remarkable fatty infiltration was observed in 34–37% of MRIs; age was the main determinant (temporal muscle: OR 1.665; p = 0.013; masseter muscle: OR 1.793; p = 0.009).

Conclusion
Male patients with higher IGF-1 values have thicker temporal and masseter muscles, suggesting that sex and IGF-1 have a significant impact on muscle mass in acromegaly.
Consensus credit ratings: a view from banks
Authors: Lourie Ben , Ozel N. Bugra , Nekrasov Alexander , Zhu Chenqi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhile the production of credit ratings has long been limited mainly to rating agencies (CRAs), recent years have seen the growing popularity of consensus credit ratings crowdsourced from banks (i.e., bank ratings). We provide the first comprehensive examination of the properties and informativeness of bank ratings relative to CRA ratings. We find that bank ratings often deviate from CRA ratings, with over 60% of firm-months having different bank and CRA ratings. These deviations contain useful information. Bank ratings improve out-of-sample prediction of defaults and CRA rating revisions and explain the cross-section of credit spreads. However, bank ratings do not improve out-of-sample prediction of credit excess returns, indicating that current prices incorporate bank rating information. Overall our findings suggest that bank ratings are a useful supplement to traditional credit ratings.
Overcoming alphabetical disadvantage: factors influencing the use of surname initial techniques and their impact on citation rates in the four major disciplines of social sciences
Authors: Öz Ali Barış 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the factors influencing surname initial techniques in academic publications and their impact on citation counts. Focusing on the disciplines of Economics, Psychology, Political Science, and Sociology, we utilized data from the top 500 universities listed in the Shanghai List. Examining 70.377 academic publications from 2.278 academics published between 2011 and 2020, the study reveals that alphabetical ordering is more prevalent in Economics and Political Science. Academics with surnames placed at the beginning of the alphabet in these fields experience increased visibility and recognition. Conversely, those with surnames placed at the end of the alphabet face disadvantages and often employ strategies such as changing surname initials, using hyphenated surnames, or adding prefixes to improve their positioning in the author list of the article. These strategies, influenced by factors like the number of authors, country of origin, gender and whether the advantage is gained or not in positioning of author list, help mitigate the unfairness caused by alphabetization and positively contribute to authors’ citation statistics.
Measuring Cybercrime in Calls for Police Service
Authors: Kwon Doy , Borrion Hervé , Wortley Richard 
Published: July 2024

AbstractConventional police databases contain much information on cybercrime, but extracting it remains a practical challenge. This is because these databases rarely contain labels that could be used to automatically retrieve all cybercrime incidents. In this article, we present a supervised machine learning method for extracting cybercrime incidents in calls for police service datasets. Data from the Korean National Police (2020, 9 months, N = 15 million call logs) is used for the demonstration. We combined methods of keyword query selection, minority oversampling, and majority voting techniques to develop a classifier. Three classification techniques, including Naïve Bayes, linear SVM, and kernel SVM, were tested, and the kernel model was chosen to build the final model (accuracy, 93.4%; F1-score, 92.4). We estimate that cybercrime only represents 4.6% of the cases in the selected dataset (excluding traffic-related incidents), but that it can be prevalent with some crime types. We found, for example, that about three quarters (76%) of all fraud incidents have a cyber dimension. We conclude that the cybercrime classification method proposed in this study can support further research on cybercrime and that it offers considerable advantages over manual or keyword-based approaches.
Active runout compensation using the guide elements on metal band saws for a longer tool life and reduced material loss
Authors: Tandler Tobias , Möhring Hans-Christian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
At a time of rising energy and material costs, manufacturing process efficiency is becoming increasingly important. This is one reason why cutting and especially sawing processes, usually the first step in most manufacturing chains in discrete part production, have to be investigated more intensively. Due to problems with runout and poor surface finishes, raw material is conventionally cut to oversize by either circular sawing or band sawing. This oversize has to be removed by following processes, costing extra energy and wasting material. Since the problem of runout increases with increasing tool wear due to higher deflections of the thin and compliant tools, an even larger oversize is required. This paper describes an approach to reduce the need of oversize even with increasing tool wear in band sawing by tilting the saw band in order to compensate for tool deflections during cutting. To achieve this, it is necessary to measure and understand the saw band runout. The next step is to present a system design and controller for tilting the saw band. Finally, tests are carried out to analyse the effectiveness of the system. In addition, the approach allows the use of increased process parameters to the end of the tool life without losing more material. The tool can therefore be used productively for a longer time period.
Die Novellierung des § 64 StGB – Vorschläge zur Anwendung aus rechts- und erfahrungswissenschaftlicher Sicht
Authors: Stübner Susanne , Werner Raik , Groß Gregor , Schwarz Michael , Kaspar Johannes 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Novellierung des § 64 des Strafgesetzbuches (StGB) ist am 01.10.2023 in Kraft getreten. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit den rechts- und erfahrungswissenschaftlichen Voraussetzungen der Anwendung des neu gefassten § 64 StGB und soll als Übersicht und Anregung für die Praxis von Begutachtung und Rechtsprechung dienen.
Elastin-derived peptides (EDPs) as a potential pro-malignancy factor in human leukemia cell lines
Authors: Szychowski Konrad A. , Skóra Bartosz 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is currently considered to be an important factor influencing the migration and progression of cancer cells. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the mechanism of action of elastin-derived peptides in cancerous cells derived from the immunological system, i.e., HL-60, K562, and MEG-A2 cell lines. Moreover, an attempt to clarify the involvement of c-SRC kinase in EDP mechanism of action was also undertaken. Our data show that the VGVAPG and VVGPGA peptides are not toxic in the studied cell lines. Moreover, due to the involvement of KI67 and PCNA proteins in the cell cycle and proliferation, we can assume that neither peptide stimulates cell proliferation. Our data suggest that both peptides could initiate the differentiation process in all the studied cell lines. However, due to the different origins (HL-60 and K562—leukemic cell line vs. MEG-A2—megakaryoblastic origin) of the cell lines, the mechanism may differ. The increase in the ELANE mRNA expression noted in our experiments may also suggest enhancement of the migration of the tested cells. However, more research is needed to fully explain the mechanism of action of the VGVAPG and VVGPGA peptides in the HL-60, K562, and MEG-A2 cell lines.

Highlights
• VGVAPG and VVGPGA peptides do not affect the metabolic activity of HL-60, K562, and MEG-A2 cells.
• mTOR and PPARγ proteins are involved in the mechanism of action of VGVAPG and VVGPGA peptides.
• Both peptides may initiate differentiation in HL-60, K562, and MEG-A2 cell lines.

Graphical Abstract
Epidemiology and diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease
Authors: Fouad Yasser , Alboraie Mohamed , Shiha Gamal 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe most common chronic liver illness worldwide is metabolic dysfunction linked to fatty liver disease (MAFLD), which is poorly understood by doctors and patients. Many people with this disease develop steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and its consequences, as well as extrahepatic manifestations; these conditions are particularly common if they are linked to diabetes mellitus or obesity. A breakthrough with numerous benefits is the switch from NAFLD to MAFLD in terms of terminology and methodology. The diagnosis of MAFLD is based on affirmative criteria; unlike NAFLD, it is no longer based on exclusion. The diagnosis of MAFLD and the evaluation of steatosis and fibrosis is achieved using liver biopsy and non-invasive laboratory or radiographic techniques. We briefly address the most recent developments in MAFLD epidemiology and diagnosis.