bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Emergence and Impact of the M1UK Lineage on Invasive Group A Streptococcus Disease in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Vesty Anna , Ren Xiaoyun , Sharma Prachi , Lorenz Natalie , Proft Thomas , Hardaker Allan , Straub Christina , Morgan Julie , Tiong Audrey , Anderson Anneka , Webb Rachel H , Bennett Julie , Carter Philip E , Moreland Nicole J 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
M1UK is associated with current surges in invasive infection globally, partly due to increased production of superantigen streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A. We show that M1UK is now the dominant invasive emm1 lineage in Aotearoa New Zealand and is genomically related to community infections, suggesting that measures that effectively prevent group A Streptococcus pharyngitis in children could reduce invasive disease.
Delayed presentation of traumatic cervical epidural hematoma: a case report and review of the pertinent literature
Authors: Isaji Taiki , Yukiue Tadato , Amano Takayuki 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A delayed presentation of traumatic spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) is a rare disease in which most patients are asymptomatic for days to weeks after the injury, followed by pain and then a neurological deficit. A 66-year-old woman who suffered a fractured right clavicle due to a bicycle accident 42 days previously, presented with left shoulder pain and left hemiplegia. The manual muscle test (MMT) scores of the left upper and lower limbs were all 1. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed no cervical fracture but showed cervical epidural hematoma. She underwent surgery for the removal of the SEH. Her MMT score improved to 4 at 10 days after surgery. Even in cases with a delayed presentation, suspecting SEH can help clinicians make an early diagnosis. Additionally, the prompt surgical evacuation of the SEH can lead to favorable neurological outcomes in symptomatic cases.
Closing the gap: prognostic and predictive biomarker validation for personalized care in a Latin American hormone-dependent breast cancer cohort
Authors: Alves da Quinta Daniela , Rocha Darío , Retamales Javier , Giunta Diego , Artagaveytia Nora , Velazquez Carlos , Daneri-Navarro Adrian , Müller Bettina , Abdelhay Eliana , Bravo Alicia I , Castro Mónica , Rosales Cristina , Alcoba Elsa , Acosta Haab Gabriela , Carrizo Fernando , Sorin Irene , Di Sibio Alejandro , Marques-Silveira Márcia , Binato Renata , Caserta Benedicta , Greif Gonzalo , Del Toro-Arreola Alicia , Quintero-Ramos Antonio , Gómez Jorge , Podhajcer Osvaldo L , Fernández Elmer A ,   LACRN Investigators, Llera Andrea S 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Several guidelines recommend the use of different classifiers to determine the risk of recurrence (ROR) and treatment decisions in patients with HR+HER2− breast cancer. However, data are still lacking for their usefulness in Latin American (LA) patients. Our aim was to evaluate the comparative prognostic and predictive performance of different ROR classifiers in a real-world LA cohort.

Methods
The Molecular Profile of Breast Cancer Study (MPBCS) is an LA case-cohort study with 5-year follow-up. Stages I and II, clinically node-negative HR+HER2− patients (n = 340) who received adjuvant hormone therapy and/or chemotherapy, were analyzed. Time-dependent receiver-operator characteristic-area under the curve, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression (CPHR) models were used to compare the prognostic performance of several risk biomarkers. Multivariate CPHR with interaction models tested the predictive ability of selected risk classifiers.

Results
Within this cohort, transcriptomic-based classifiers such as the recurrence score (RS), EndoPredict (EP risk and EPClin), and PAM50-risk of recurrence scores (ROR-S and ROR-PC) presented better prognostic performances for node-negative patients (univariate C-index 0.61-0.68, adjusted C-index 0.77-0.80, adjusted hazard ratios [HR] between high and low risk: 4.06-9.97) than the traditional classifiers Ki67 and Nottingham Prognostic Index (univariate C-index 0.53-0.59, adjusted C-index 0.72-0.75, and adjusted HR 1.85-2.54). RS (and to some extent, EndoPredict) also showed predictive capacity for chemotherapy benefit in node-negative patients (interaction P = .0200 and .0510, respectively).

Conclusion
In summary, we could prove the clinical validity of most transcriptomic-based risk classifiers and their superiority over clinical and immunohistochemical-based methods in the heterogenous, real-world node-negative HR+HER2− MPBCS cohort.
Multi-site enhancement of osteogenesis: peptide-functionalized GelMA hydrogels with three-dimensional cultures of human dental pulp stem cells
Authors: Liang Leyi , Wang Shuze , Zhang Xiyue , Yan Tao , Pan Xiyun , Gao Yuzhong , Zhang Xing , Wang Qiang , Qu Liu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have demonstrated greater proliferation and osteogenic differentiation potential in certain studies compared to other types of mesenchymal stem cells, making them a promising option for treating craniomaxillofacial bone defects. However, due to low extracting concentration and long amplifying cycles, their access is limited and utilization rates are low. To solve these issues, the principle of bone-forming peptide-1 (BFP1) in situ chemotaxis was utilized for the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs to achieve simultaneous and synergistic osteogenesis at multiple sites. BFP1-functionalized gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel provided a 3D culture microenvironment for stem cells. The experimental results showed that the 3D composite hydrogel scaffold constructed in this study increased the cell spread area by four times compared with the conventional GelMA scaffold. Furthermore, the problems of high stem cell dosage and low rate of utilization were alleviated by orchestrating the programmed proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs. In vivo, high-quality repair of critical bone defects was achieved using hDPSCs extracted from a single tooth, and multiple ‘bone island’-like structures were successfully observed that rapidly induced robust bone regeneration. In conclusion, this study suggests that this kind of convenient, low-cost, island-like osteogenesis strategy involving a low dose of hDPSCs has great potential for repairing craniomaxillofacial critical-sized bone defects.
Molecular phylogeny of Trictenotomidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea): insights into species validation and biogeography of genus Autocrates
Authors: Lee Seunghyun , Drumont Alain , Telnov Dmitry , Lee Seunghwan , Bai Ming 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Trictenotomidae, one of the most charismatic and enigmatic groups of beetles, known for their large size and distinctive mandibles, is widely distributed throughout tropical and subtropical Asia. New species are continually being discovered, and the known range of the group has been expanded considerably by the discovery of Autocrates maqueti Drumont in the Korean Peninsula, ~2,000 km from its previously known distribution in the Chinese mainland highlands. A comprehensively sampled multigene phylogenetic tree of Trictenotomidae, including all six species of Autocrates and five species of Trictenotoma, was reconstructed using multigene data. Using the resulting phylogeny, we performed divergence time estimation, biogeographical assessments, and molecular species delimitation. All six known species of the genus Autocrates were found to be valid in all four molecular species delimitation scenarios, indicating the need for further taxonomic research on these poorly understood taxa. The A. maqueti population in South Korea forms a genetically distinct clade in all genetic analyses, suggesting that it is a natural distribution rather than a result of anthropogenically driven spread. The Korean A. maqueti population is likely to have been isolated since ~1.8 Mya, when the Yellow Sea was still a landmass, highlighting the need for targeted conservation measures in South Korea.
Restoration of miR‐299‐3p promotes efferocytosis and ameliorates atherosclerosis via repressing CD47 in mice
Authors: Zhu Yingli , Ren Shuang , Huang Haijuan , Wu Jiale , You Xiangyan , Gao Jie , Ren Yuzhi , Wang Ruize , Zhao Wenfeng , Tan Shuhua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAtherosclerotic plaque formation is largely attributed to the impaired efferocytosis, which is known to be associated with the pathologic upregulation of cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47), a key antiphagocytic molecule. By gene expression omnibus (GEO) datasets analysis, we identified that four miRNAs are aberrantly downregulated in atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and obesity. Of them, hsa‐miR‐299‐3p (miR‐299‐3p) was predicted to target the 3′UTR of human CD47 mRNA by bioinformatics analysis. Further, we demonstrated that miR‐299‐3p negatively regulates CD47 expression by binding to the target sequence “CCCACAU” in the 3′UTR of CD47 mRNA through luciferase reporter assay and site‐directed mutagenesis. Additionally, we found that miR‐299‐3p was downregulated by ~32% in foam cells in response to oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL) stimulation, thus upregulating CD47 and contributing to the impaired efferocytosis. Whereas, restoration of miR‐299‐3p reversed the ox‐LDL‐induced upregulation of CD47, thereby facilitating efferocytosis. In high‐fat diet (HFD) fed ApoE−/− mice, we discovered that miR‐299‐3p was downregulated thus leading to upregulation of CD47 in abdominal aorta. Conversely, miR‐299‐3p restoration potently suppressed HFD‐induced upregulation of CD47 and promoted phagocytosis of foam cells by macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques, thereby reducing necrotic core, increasing plaque stability, and mitigating atherosclerosis. Conclusively, we identify miR‐299‐3p as a negative regulator of CD47, and reveal a molecular mechanism whereby the ox‐LDL‐induced downregulation of miR‐299‐3p leads to the upregulation of CD47 in foam cells thus contributing to the impaired efferocytosis in atherosclerosis, and propose miR‐299‐3p can potentially serve as an inhibitor of CD47 to promote efferocytosis and ameliorate atherosclerosis.
Analysis of the DNA‐binding properties of TGF‐β‐activated Smad complexes unveils a possible molecular basis for cellular context‐dependent signaling
Authors: Itoh Yuka , Miyake Kunio , Koinuma Daizo , Omata Chiho , Saitoh Masao , Miyazawa Keiji 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTransforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) is a pleiotropic cytokine that modulates a wide variety of cellular responses by regulating target gene expression. It principally transmits signals via receptor‐activated transcription factors Smad2 and Smad3, which form trimeric complexes with Smad4 upon activation and regulate gene expression by binding to genomic DNA. Here, we examined the mechanisms by which TGF‐β regulates the transcription of target genes in a cell context‐dependent manner by screening a double‐stranded DNA oligonucleotide library for DNA sequences bound to endogenous activated Smad complexes. Screening was performed by cyclic amplification of selected targets (CASTing) using an anti‐Smad2/3 antibody and nuclear extracts isolated from three cell lines (A549, HepG2, and HaCaT) stimulated with TGF‐β. The preference of the activated Smad complexes for conventional Smad‐binding motifs such as Smad‐binding element (SBE) and CAGA motifs was different in HepG2 than in the other two cell lines, which may indicate the distinct composition of the activated Smad complexes. Several transcription factor‐binding motifs other than SBE or CAGA, including the Fos/Jun‐binding motifs, were detected in the enriched sequences. Reporter assays using sequences containing these transcription factor‐binding motifs together with Smad‐binding motifs indicated that some of the motifs may be involved in cell type‐dependent transcriptional activation by TGF‐β. The results suggest that the CASTing method is useful for elucidating the molecular basis of context‐dependent Smad signaling.
Association Between Smoking Abstinence and Depression and Anxiety Symptoms After Hospital Discharge: The Helping HAND 4 Trial
Authors: Nagawa Catherine S. , Rigotti Nancy A. , Chang Yuchiao , Levy Douglas E. , Streck Joanna M. , Ylioja Thomas , Lee Scott S. , Tindle Hilary A. 
Published: August 2024

Objectives
Some people who stop smoking experience improved mood, but few studies have examined this relationship after hospitalization or accounted for concomitant substance use and psychological factors. We examined associations between smoking abstinence after a hospital discharge and change in depression and anxiety symptoms.

Methods
We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the Helping HAND 4 smoking cessation trial, which enrolled people who used tobacco when admitted to three academic medical center general hospitals. Participants (n = 986) were categorized as continuously abstinent (CA) or not. We used linear and logistic regression to model continuous and binary measures of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-8] ≥/<10), and anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment [GAD-7], ≥/<8) over 6 months, adjusting for baseline mood, psychological factors, and substance use. Binary outcomes were defined using established clinical thresholds to aid in the clinical interpretation of the results.

Results
Mean age was 52.3 years, 56.5% were female, and the baseline mean cigarettes/day was 16.2 (SD: 3.2). In the adjusted analyses, depression and anxiety scores improved more in CA than non-CA participants over 6 months (difference-in-improvement, 2.43 [95% CI: 1.50–3.36] for PHQ-8; 3.04 [95% CI: 2.16–3.93] for GAD-7). At 6 months, CA participants were more likely to have a PHQ-8 score <10 (aOR = 2.07 [95% CI: 1.36–3.16]) and a GAD-7 score <8 (aOR = 2.90 [95% CI: 1.91–4.39]).

Conclusions
Individuals who were CA, compared to those who were not, had fewer depression and anxiety symptoms at 6 months, and were twice as likely to score below the population screening thresholds for major depression and anxiety disorders. Clinicians should emphasize the association between continuous abstinence and improved mood symptoms after hospital discharge.
Strengthening the Chain: A Continuing Medical Education Program for Test Results Follow-up
Authors: Normand Élisabeth , Ramsey Hannah , Mimeault Richard , Lemay Karen , Heroux Diane , McDougall Allan 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
The Canadian Medical Protective Association (CMPA)'s Commitment to Change in Test-Results Follow-Up (CTC-TRFU) program aims to provide physicians with resources to enhance their test results follow-up systems for improved patient safety. Framed around the Transtheoretical Model, the program involves a 6-month multimodal educational intervention involving individual and group coaching sessions, action planning, and reflection surveys.

Methods:
This study evaluates the CTC-TRFU program's impact by analyzing survey responses and course documents, focusing on three main outcomes: physicians' perceived barriers and challenges, changes in their confidence and commitment, and implemented practice changes with perceived impact on patient safety. Participants were Canadian physicians who enrolled through the CMPA's open-access registration, with a particular emphasis on those facing challenges in test result follow-up.

Results:
One hundred two physicians have enrolled in the program. Of these physicians, 34 (33.3%) have successfully completed the program and 28 (27.5%) are actively enrolled. Among the 34 physicians who successfully completed the program, an overwhelming majority of 97.1% (n = 33) expressed their belief that the improvements made to their test follow-up system significantly enhance patient safety within their practice. We observed a significant increase in confidence in the robustness of the physician's follow-up system from program registration to completion (P < .001). Physicians reported catching specific missed test results (55.9%, n = 19), including various laboratory reports and diagnostic imaging like abnormal mammograms or missing MRI/CT results.

Discussion:
Physicians who participated in the CTC-TRFU program reported meaningful practice changes, which we believe underscores the value of comprehensive, longitudinal continuing patient safety CPD initiatives. These findings indicate the potential for future studies to explore the long-term impact of similar programs and their scalability.
The Impact of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Paraventricular Nucleus on the MAPK Pathway in High Salt–Induced Hypertension
Authors: Liang Yan-Feng , You Qing-Xin , Chen Shu-Yue , Ni Lei , Meng Xiang-Lian , Gao Jian-Xiang , Ren Yong-Bo , Song Han-Jun , Su Jia-Lu , Teng Yang , Gu Qing-Yun , Lv Chao , Yuan Bo-Yang , Wang Xuan , Zheng Yong-Tai , Zhang Dong-Dong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract:
The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) plays a central role in regulating cardiovascular activity and blood pressure. We administered hydroxylamine hydrochloride (HA), a cystathionine-β-synthase inhibitor, into the PVN to suppress endogenous hydrogen sulfide and investigate its effects on the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in high salt (HS)–induced hypertension. We randomly divided 40 male Dahl salt-sensitive rats into 4 groups: the normal salt (NS) + PVN vehicle group, the NS + PVN HA group, the HS + PVN vehicle group, and the HS + PVN HA group, with 10 rats in each group. The rats in the NS groups were fed a NS diet containing 0.3% NaCl, while the HS groups were fed a HS diet containing 8% NaCl. The mean arterial pressure was calculated after noninvasive measurement using an automatic sphygmomanometer to occlude the tail cuff once a week. HA or vehicle was infused into the bilateral PVN using Alzet osmotic mini pumps for 6 weeks after the hypertension model was successfully established. We measured the levels of H2S in the PVN and plasma norepinephrine using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, we assessed the parameters of the MAPK pathway, inflammation, and oxidative stress through western blotting, immunohistochemical analysis, or real-time polymerase chain reaction. In this study, we discovered that decreased levels of endogenous hydrogen sulfide in the PVN contributed to the onset of HS-induced hypertension. This was linked to the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway, proinflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress in the PVN, as well as the activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
The Buccal Mask: Safe Positive Airway Pressure Delivery for Patients with a Paramedian Forehead Flap
Authors: Nassar Aref , Sleilati Fadi 
Published: August 2024

Summary:
The paramedian forehead flap is commonly performed for the reconstruction of complex nasal defects. It typically requires two separate procedures: flap elevation and inset, and then, 2–3 weeks later, pedicle division. In patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome, the use of positive airway pressure is often mandatory, especially in the postoperative period. However, the face mask used for positive airway pressure has to apply pressure over the bridge of the nose and may compromise the vascularity of a paramedian forehead flap. We report a case where a buccal mask was used successfully in the postoperative period in a patient who needed positive airway pressure after nasal reconstruction with a paramedian forehead flap.
Examining School Nurses' Knowledge and Confidence Related to Their Intention to Screen for and Report Child Sexual Abuse: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ackers Suzanne M. , Colbert Alison M. , Sekula L. Kathleen , Fraley Hannah E. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a preventable national public health problem that results in adverse health consequences. Research suggests youth experiencing CSA are often of school age. Screening for early detection of health issues is integral to school nurse (SN) practice. Still, there is little evidence that routine screening when CSA is suspected is occurring in schools, despite recommendations that it should be. Lack of confidence and knowledge related to screening and reporting for CSA contribute to a SN's missed opportunity for early intervention.

Purpose
The aim of this study was to describe SNs' knowledge and self-efficacy associated with screening for and reporting suspected CSA in school settings.

Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed. The Child Abuse Report Intention Scale was sent to over 2,000 members of the National Association of School Nurses.

Results
Among SN respondents (N = 123), the main findings showed almost half reported being concerned a youth was experiencing CSA but may have missed identifying it. Self-efficacy and professional responsibility were predictors of SNs' intention to screen as well as knowledge about obvious and serious signs of abuse were predictors of SNs' intention to report in this sample.

Implications
An educational partnership between forensic nurse examiners and SNs can facilitate improving SNs' knowledge about nonspecific physical and behavioral indicators of abuse that are not overtly obvious. The development of a screening tool specific for use by SNs can empower their confidence to screen by providing a resource for them to use as a guide when they are uncertain about the evidence.
The Synergy of Cadaver-Based and Virtual Education: Comparing Learning Outcomes in a Physician Assistant Clinical Anatomy Course
Authors: Lufler Rebecca S. , Saini Harleen , Cardamone Carie , Marchant Jeffrey K. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
During the COVID-19 pandemic, nearly all educational content at Tufts University School of Medicine was transformed to virtual formats, including anatomy dissection labs. This study compares face-to-face cadaveric to virtual anatomy instruction and quantifies the utility of cadaver-based laboratory.

Methods
In 2019, Physician Assistant students completed traditional Clinical Anatomy I and Clinical Anatomy II courses with content delivered via face-to-face lectures, cadaveric-based anatomy laboratories, and case-based workshops. In 2020, students took a traditional Clinical Anatomy I course and a virtual Clinical Anatomy II course (hybrid curriculum). Virtual anatomy course content was delivered via Zoom-based lectures, anatomy laboratories using virtual 3D anatomical models and cadaveric dissection images, and Zoom case-based workshops. In Fall 2020, the traditional and hybrid cohorts were asked to complete surveys to evaluate the utility of the pedagogical approaches used during their respective courses. Examinations were compared to evaluate the impact of pedagogical approaches on learning.

Results
Students who experienced the virtual format scored significantly higher on the extremities examination and final grade (P = .006; P = .03) than did students with the traditional experience. Thirty-one hybrid (63% response rate) and 31 traditional students (62% response rate) completed their surveys. The traditional cohort agreed/strongly agreed their cadaver-based laboratory experience contributed to the development of their professionalism (82.1%). Most (71%) of the hybrid students agree/strongly agree that a cadaveric laboratory experience will lead to longer retention of anatomy and give them an appreciation of anatomical variation (93.1%), but 68% also felt some structures visualized with virtual tools would not be possible in a cadaver.

Discussion
Cadaver-based laboratories play an important role and are valued by students for anatomy learning, professional development, and understanding anatomical variation. Our data indicate that adding virtual components to cadaver-based laboratories offers a synergistic learning experience.