bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial activity of the synthesized non-allergenic urushiol derivatives
Authors: Cho Jeong-Yong , Park Keun Young , Kim Seon-Jae , Oh Sejong , Moon Jae-Hak 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Synthesized urushiol derivatives possessing different carbon atomic length in the alkyl side chain inhibited the growth of food spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms. Particularly, non-allergenic 3-pentylcatechol showed a broad antimicrobial spectrum on an agar plate. Most food spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms were sensitive to urushiol derivatives in the liquid culture. The morphologies of the microorganisms were changed after treatment of 3-pentylcatechol.
Polarizability of ultracold
molecules in the rovibrational ground state of
Authors: Deiß Markus , Drews Björn , Denschlag Johannes Hecker , Bouloufa-Maafa Nadia , Vexiau Romain , Dulieu Olivier 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
We study, both theoretically and experimentally, the dynamical polarizability

of

molecules in the rovibrational ground state of

. Taking all relevant excited molecular bound states into account, we compute the complex-valued polarizability

for wave numbers up to 20 000

. Our calculations are compared to experimental results at

(

) as well as at

(

). Here, we discuss the measurements at

. The ultracold Rb2 molecules are trapped in the lowest Bloch band of a 3D optical lattice. Their polarizability is determined by lattice modulation spectroscopy which measures the potential depth for a given light intensity. Moreover, we investigate the decay of molecules in the optical lattice, where lifetimes of more than

are observed. In addition, the dynamical polarizability for the

state is calculated. We provide simple analytical expressions that reproduce the numerical results for

for all vibrational levels of

as well as

. Precise knowledge of the molecular polarizability is essential for designing experiments with ultracold molecules as lifetimes and lattice depths are key parameters. Specifically the wavelength at

is of interest, since here, ultrastable high power lasers are available.
Identification of a novel MKS locus defined byTMEM107mutation
Authors: Shaheen Ranad , Almoisheer Agaadir , Faqeih Eissa , Babay Zainab , Monies Dorota , Tassan Nada , Abouelhoda Mohamed , Kurdi Wesam , Al Mardawi Elham , Khalil Mohamed M.I. , Seidahmed Mohammed Zain , Alnemer Maha , Alsahan Nada , Sogaty Samira , Alhashem Amal , Singh Ankur , Goyal Manisha , Kapoor Seema , Alomar Rana , Ibrahim Niema , Alkuraya Fowzan S. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractMeckel–Gruber syndrome (MKS) is a perinatally lethal disorder characterized by the triad of occipital encephalocele, polydactyly and polycystic kidneys. Typical of other disorders related to defective primary cilium (ciliopathies), MKS is genetically heterogeneous with mutations in a dozen genes to date known to cause the disease. In an ongoing effort to characterize MKS clinically and genetically, we implemented a gene panel and next-generation sequencing approach to identify the causal mutation in 25 MKS families. Of the three families that did not harbor an identifiable causal mutation by this approach, two mapped to a novel disease locus in which whole-exome sequencing revealed the likely causal mutation as a homozygous splicing variant in TMEM107, which we confirm leads to aberrant splicing and nonsense-mediated decay. TMEM107 had been independently identified in two mouse models as a cilia-related protein and mutant mice display typical ciliopathy phenotypes. Our analysis of patient fibroblasts shows marked ciliogenesis defect with an accompanying perturbation of sonic hedgehog signaling, highly concordant with the cellular phenotype in Tmem107 mutants. This study shows that known MKS loci account for the overwhelming majority of MKS cases but additional loci exist including MKS13 caused by TMEM107 mutation.
SEC Muni enforcement chief offers her views on Municipalities Continuing Disclosure Cooperation initiative (MCDC)
Authors: Goldberger M. Norman , Grugan John C. , Patterson Bradley D. , Rhodes William C. , Stanley Tesia N. 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– To explain the current status of the SEC’s year-old Municipalities Continuing Disclosure Cooperation (MCDC) initiative, which encourages municipal securities issuers, borrowers, and underwriters to self-report possible securities law violations related to inaccurate representations in offering documents concerning an issuer’s prior continuing disclosure compliance.

Design/methodology/approach
– Discusses the purpose of the MCDC, recent remarks by the chief of the SEC’s Municipal Securities and Public Pensions Unit, the SEC’s first cease-and-desist order, and the independent consultant compliance review required by MCDC settlement terms. Recommends how an MCDC self-reporter should respond to a call from the SEC.

Findings
– Thus far, the SEC has provided little detail regarding the MCDC enforcement process. Members of the SEC enforcement staff have said that underwriter MCDC cease-and-desist orders will be announced in the “coming months” and that issuers will not be named in these enforcement actions.

Originality/value
– Practical guidance from experienced financial services lawyers.
SEC issues cybersecurity exam observations
Authors: Kuhlman Richard , Kempf Jason 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– To summarize and comment on a Risk Alert issued on February 3, 2015 by the SEC’s Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations (OCIE) to summarize its findings following examination of the preparedness of 57 broker-dealers and 49 investment advisory firms to address legal, regulatory and compliance challenges related to cybersecurity.

Design/methodology/approach
– Comments on the meaning of the Risk Alert and summarizes OCIE’s exam observations.

Findings
– These examinations grew out of the SEC’s Cybersecurity Examination Initiative which began last year. Cybersecurity is an Exam Priority for the SEC in 2015. Perhaps most reflective of the magnitude of this particular issue, 88 per cent of the broker-dealers and 74 per cent of the examined advisers reported that they have been the subject of a cyber-related incident.

Originality/value
– Expert guidance from experienced securities lawyers.
2014 FINRA analysis: a blockbuster year for fines
Authors: Rubin Brian , McCormick Andrew M. 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– To analyze the cases and sanctions FINRA reported in 2014 and prior years to evaluate what issues may be important for broker-dealers and their representatives in the future.

Design/methodology/approach
– This article discusses the overall statistics for cases reported by FINRA in 2014 and then focuses on the top enforcement issues for FINRA and some of the key cases. All of this analysis includes a comparison to enforcement statistics from prior years to help identify potential trends.

Findings
– This article concludes that 2014 was a blockbuster year for FINRA as the fines imposed by the regulator increased by 125 per cent. This article also finds that while FINRA is still focusing on many of the same issues as before, including advertising and trade reporting, other issues, such as anti-money laundering, received a significant spike in attention in 2014.

Originality/value
– This article contains valuable information about recent FINRA enforcement activity and practical guidance from experienced securities lawyers.
Student-centred approach to teaching large classes: friend or foe?
Authors: Kirstein Marina , Kunz Rolien 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The aim of this paper is to report on the development and implementation of two student-centred teaching approaches, not usually thought to be appropriate for large group situations. These projects involved adapting teaching methods to facilitate a move away from the conventional lecturer-centred approach (the “chalk-and-talk” of earlier generations) and to respond to an environment challenged by the perpetually changing requirements of professional bodies, increasingly large classes and high student-staff ratios.

Design/methodology/approach
– Two student-centred projects were implemented at a South African residential university in the discipline of auditing, and the topic of general controls in the information technology (IT) environment was addressed. This study reports on two cycles of the development and implementation of the projects following an action research methodology.

Findings
– It was found that “non-standard” teaching practices can be implemented successfully and that active student involvement, even in a large class environment, is achievable and is therefore recommended, not least because this could positively impact on students’ overall skills development. The action research methodology was successfully used to incorporate changes, enforced by the challenges accounting academics are faced with.

Research limitations/implications
– Limitations associated with this study are that it was conducted at only one South African university, and that it was in a specific and technical topic within the single field of auditing. The study also did not measure whether deep or surface learning had taken place. As various factors contribute to learning, it was also not possible to report on whether positive changes to students’ normal learning processes have been achieved as a result of the initiatives.

Originality/value
– The contribution this study makes is twofold. First, it adds to the field of accounting education research by indicating that student-centred projects can successfully address the abovementioned challenges faced by accounting academics. Second, it demonstrates that action research, as a methodology for examining and developing accounting education, can be used effectively by academics to improve their teaching practices.
The frontiers of auditing research
Authors: Hay David 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine issues at the frontiers of auditing research. After the global financial crisis and the earlier round of reforms, there are many opportunities for research, some driven by current proposals for reforms and some by fundamental research issues. Research can contribute to the development of policy in response to current issues. Research can also be valuable in exploring issues raised in past research.Design/methodology/approach– Issues that are currently of concern to regulators and for which research would be of value are reviewed, together with fundamental issues arising from previous research.Findings– The introduction of independent regulation, increasing levels of globalization and increased attention to research by regulatory bodies have drawn attention to some research issues, especially auditors providing non-audit services, rotation of audit firms, joint audits and ways to provide increased competition. In addition, there are a number of areas in which there seems to be an obvious need for auditing research, but surprisingly little research is being done. These topics include the impact of higher-quality auditing in developing economies, and assurance for other entities such as charities and small companies. As more attention is now being given to auditing research, there are opportunities in established areas of research as well.Originality/value– Research is starting to make a contribution in policy making with relation to auditing, but there is still a need for much more research. The paper provides guidance on areas where further research will be valuable.
Camphor Tree Seed Kernel Oil Reduces Body Fat Deposition and Improves Blood Lipids in Rats
Authors: Fu Jing , Wang Baogui , Gong Deming , Zeng Cheng , Jiang Yihao , Zeng Zheling 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe total and positional fatty acid composition in camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora) seed kernel oil (CKO) were analyzed, and for the first time, the effect of CKO on body fat deposition and blood lipids in rats was studied. The major fatty acids in CKO were determined to be decanoic acid (C10:0, 51.49%) and dodecanoic acid (C12:0, 40.08%), and uniformly distributed at Sn‐1, 3, and Sn‐2 positions in triglyceride (TG). Rats were randomly divided into control, CKO, lard, and soybean oil groups. At the end of the experiment, levels of blood lipids and the fats of abdomen in the rats were measured. The main organ were weighted and used for the histological examination. The results showed that body weight and fat deposition in CKO group were significantly lower than the lard and soybean groups. Moderate consumption of CKO was found to improve the levels of blood TG and low density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Characterization of Osmotolerant Yeasts and Yeast‐Like Molds from Apple Orchards and Apple Juice Processing Plants in China and Investigation of Their Spoilage Potential
Authors: Wang Huxuan , Hu Zhongqiu , Long Fangyu , Niu Chen , Yuan Yahong , Yue Tianli 
Published: June 2015

AbstractYeasts and yeast‐like fungal isolates were recovered from apple orchards and apple juice processing plants located in the Shaanxi province of China. The strains were evaluated for osmotolerance by growing them in 50% (w/v) glucose. Of the strains tested, 66 were positive for osmotolerance and were subsequently identified by 26S or 5.8S‐ITS ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing. Physiological tests and RAPD‐PCR analysis were performed to reveal the polymorphism of isolates belonging to the same species. Further, the spoilage potential of the 66 isolates was determining by evaluating their growth in 50% to 70% (w/v) glucose and measuring gas generation in 50% (w/v) glucose. Thirteen osmotolerant isolates representing 9 species were obtained from 10 apple orchards and 53 target isolates representing 19 species were recovered from 2 apple juice processing plants. In total, members of 14 genera and 23 species of osmotolerant isolates including yeast‐like molds were recovered from all sources. The commonly recovered osmotolerant isolates belonged to Kluyveromyces marxianus, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, Candida tropicalis, and Pichia kudriavzevii. The polymorphism of isolates belonging to the same species was limited to 1 to 3 biotypes. The majority of species were capable of growing within a range of glucose concentration, similar to sugar concentrations found in apple juice products with a lag phase from 96 to 192 h. Overall, Z. rouxii was particularly the most tolerant to high glucose concentration with the shortest lag phase of 48 h in 70% (w/v) glucose and the fastest gas generation rate in 50% (w/v) glucose.
Spontaneous generation of functional osteoclasts from synovial fluid mononuclear cells as a model of inflammatory osteoclastogenesis
Authors: Greisen Stinne R. , Einarsson Halldór Bjarki , Hvid Malene , Hauge Ellen‐Margrethe , Deleuran Bent , Kragstrup Tue Wenzel 
Published: June 2015

In osteoimmunology, osteoclastogenesis is understood in the context of the immune system. Today, the in vitro model for osteoclastogenesis necessitates the addition of recombinant human receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‐B ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF). The peripheral joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA) are characterized by an immune‐mediated inflammation that can lead to bone destruction. Here, we evaluate spontaneous in vitro osteoclastogenesis in cultures of synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMCs) activated only in vivo. SFMCs were isolated and cultured for 21 days at 0.5–1.0 × 106 cells/mL in culture medium. SFMCs and healthy control peripheral blood monocytes were cultured with RANKL and M‐CSF as controls. Tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) positive multinucleated cells were found in the SFMC cultures after 21 days. These cells expressed the osteoclast genes calcitonin receptor, cathepsin K, and integrin β3, formed lacunae on dentin plates and secreted matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and TRAP. Adding RANKL and M‐CSF potentiated this secretion. In conclusion, we show that SFMCs from inflamed peripheral joints can spontaneously develop into functionally active osteoclasts ex vivo. Our study provides a simple in vitro model for studying inflammatory osteoclastogenesis.
Association between the polymorphism of C861G (rs6296) in the serotonin 1B receptor gene and Tourette syndrome in Han Chinese people
Authors: Yi Mingji , Zhang Ying , Wang Yujie , Su Nailun , Liu Shiguo 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIntroductionClinical, neuroimaging and other studies provided evidence that the dysfunction of the serotonin neurotransmitter system were found in Tourette syndrome (TS). This study is to explore the association between the polymorphism of C861G (rs6296) in HTR1B and TS in Han Chinese people.MethodsTwo hundred ninety‐nine TS patients (260 TS trios and 39 TS patients) and 388 healthy controls were collected. The genotype of HTR1B C861G was detected using Taqman probes. The case‐control study and family‐based study was used separately to study association between HTR1B C861G and TS in Han Chinese people.ResultsIn case‐control study, no statistically significant difference was found in the distribution of HTR1B C861G polymorphism between TS patients and controls (for genotype: χ2 = 3.408, P = 0.182; for allele: χ2 = 0.395, P = 0.530, OR = 0.934, 95%CI: 0.754–1.156). In family‐based study, we observed nonsignificant over‐transmission of the G861 allele in HTR1B to TS offspring using the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT), haplotype relative risk (HRR) and haplotype‐based HRR (HHRR) (TDT χ2 = 0.410, P = 0.560; HRR = 1.151, χ2 = 0.421, P = 0.517, 95% CI: 0.753–1.759; HHRR = 0.919, χ2 = 0.467, P = 0.495, 95%CI: 0.720–1.172).DiscussionOur study suggested that the polymorphism of HTR1B C861G is not a risk factor for TS in Han Chinese population. However, the result should be replicated in larger sample and different population.
Linking sedimentation rates and large‐scale architecture for facies prediction in nonmarine basins (Paleogene, Almazán Basin, Spain)
Authors: Valero Luis , Huerta Pedro , Garcés Miguel , Armenteros Ildefonso , Beamud Elisabet , Gómez‐Paccard Miriam 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis article focuses on the relationships between the large‐scale stratigraphic architecture of the Almazán basin infill and the sedimentation rates (SR) calculated for precise time intervals. Our aim was to improve the understanding of the timing and causes of the architectural changes, their significance in terms of accommodation space and sediment supply and their relationship with climate and tectonics. The study area includes the Gómara fluvial fan, the main sediment transfer system of the Almazán basin during Paleogene times. Its large‐scale architecture shifted through time between a stacking pattern of low density ribbon‐like and high density sheet‐like channel fills. Laterally to the fluvial system, mudstone and evaporitic mudstone units represented evaporitic mudflats which passed laterally into palustrine/lacustrine limestone units interpreted as lakes and ponds. Stacked calcretes occurred in distal alluvial and distal floodplain settings. A magnetostratigraphy encompassing 2600 m guided by available fossil mammal biochronology has provided a temporal framework that spans the complete Paleogene infill of the basin, from Late Lutetian to Late Oligocene, filling a gap in the Cenozoic chronostratigraphy of Spanish basins. This permits to constrain the kinematics of the structures both in the basin and in its margins, and to provide the timing for the depositional sequences. These data, combined with a magnetostratigraphic map, where magnetic reversals were traced through the Gómara monocline, allow a detailed analysis of the SR variability across the fluvial system and its adjacent depositional environments. The results show that high sedimentation rates (around 30–40 cm kyr−1) are related to fluvial environments with low density ribbon‐shaped channels, while low SR (around or below 10 cm kyr−1) are related to high density sheet‐like channels. Laterally, mud dominated environments with high SR (15–20 cm kyr−1) grade into palustrine/lacustrine carbonated environments with low SR (around 9 cm ky−1). The lowest SR (about 3 cm kyr−1) are related to the development of stacked calcrete profiles in distal floodplain and in the connection of distal alluvial and palustrine/lacustrine units.
Haptoglobin genotype is associated with increased endothelial dysfunction serum markers in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Llauradó Gemma , Gutiérrez Cristina , Giménez‐Palop Olga , Cano Albert , Pareja Rocío , Berlanga Escalera Eugenio , González‐Sastre Montse , Vendrell Joan , González‐Clemente José‐Miguel 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the genotype‐driven effect of haptoglobin (Hp) in patients with type 1 diabetes without clinical cardiovascular (CV) disease, considering endothelial dysfunction (ED) and arterial stiffness (AS).Material and methodsAbout 137 patients with type 1 diabetes (duration ≥ 5 years) and 68 age‐ and sex‐matched controls were evaluated for the following: (i) smoking, alcohol intake, BMI, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c and lipid profile; (ii) microvascular complications; (iii) serum markers of ED (ICAM‐1, VCAM‐1 and E‐selectin); (iv) AS, assessed as aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV); and (v) Hp genotype.ResultsThe prevalence of the 1/1, 2/1 and 2/2 Hp genotypes was 28·5%, 46·7% and 24·8% in patients with type 1 diabetes and 20·9%, 38·8% and 40·3% in controls, respectively. No differences were found in classical CV risk factors between patients homozygous for allele 2 and the remaining genotypes, both in patients with type 1 diabetes and controls. Patients with type 1 diabetes carrying the Hp2/2 genotype had higher concentrations of ICAM‐1 (65·1 (56·7–76·0) ng/mL vs. 59·0 (51·7–69·3) ng/mL; P = 0·033) and sVCAM‐1 (1133·1 (884·6–1458·6) ng/mL vs. 956·4 (738·5–1206·1) ng/mL; P = 0·040) than those without it. The Hp2/2 genotype remained independently associated with ED after adjusting for CV risk factors (P = 0·038). No significant differences were found for aPWV between Hp genotypes.ConclusionsEndothelial dysfunction may be influenced by Hp2/2 genotype in patients with type 1 diabetes with independence of classical CV risk factors.
Retracted: Vacuoles of Acanthamoeba castellanii Behave as a Specialized Shelter (host) for Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Alipour Nader , Gaeini Nasrin , Taner Abbas , Yıldız Fatih , Masseret Sadegh , Malfertheiner Peter 
Published: June 2015

The above article, published online on 30 June 2015 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor in Chief, David Graham, and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The retraction has been agreed due to the inclusion of plagiarised content from “Vacuoles of Candida yeast as a specialized niche for Helicobacter pylori”, World J Gastroenterol. 2014 May 14; 20(18): 5263–5273. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i18.5263. The corresponding author, N Alipour, has taken responsibility for the manuscript and the unacknowledged overlap of which the other authors named on the paper were unawareReferencesAlipour, N., Gaeini, N., Taner, A., Yıldız, F., Masseret, S. and Malfertheiner, P. Vacuoles of Acanthamoeba castellanii Behave as a Specialized Shelter (host) for Helicobacter pylori. Helicobacter (2015), 20:485. doi: 10.1111/hel.12233Siavoshi, F. and Saniee, P. (2014) Vacuoles of Candida yeast as a specialized niche for Helicobacter pylori. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 May 14; 20(18): 5263–5273. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i18.5263