bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of tropical cyclone intensity on spatial footprints of storm surges: an idealized numerical experiment
Authors: Deng Chuangwu , Tu Shifei , Gao Guoping , Xu Jianjun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Storm surges caused by tropical cyclones (TCs) have long ranked first among all types of marine disasters in casualties and economic losses, and can lead to further regional exacerbation of consequences stemming from these losses along different coastlines. Understanding the spatial footprints of storm surges is thus highly important for developing effective risk management and protection plans. To this end, we designed an ideal storm surge model based on Finite Volume Community Ocean Model to explore the relationship between TC intensity and the spatial footprint of storm surges, and its intrinsic mechanism. The spatial footprints of both positive and negative storm surges were positively correlated with TC intensity; however, the latter was more sensitive to the intensity when the TC intensity is weaker than CAT3 TC’s. The average positive storm surge footprint of CAT1 was 574 km, with CAT3 and CAT5 increasing by 6% and 25%, respectively, compared to CAT1. The average spatial footprint of the negative storm surge of CAT1 was 1407 km, with CAT3 and CAT5 increasing by 18% and 29%, respectively, compared to CAT1. The decomposition and mechanism analysis of the storm surge show that the main contributing component of the total surge at the south end of the storm’s landfall and during the time of the forerunner was the Ekman surge, whereas the contribution of the normal surge component to the north and during the time of the main surge and resurgence was dominant. In addition, not all the spatial footprints of the storm surge components increased with the TC intensity, as the total surge did, similar to the Ekman surge. These quantitative analyses and intrinsic mechanisms provide a theoretical basis for predicting and evaluating storm surge risks.
Degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in a multiphase mixed system by subaquatic gas-liquid discharge plasma
Authors: WANG 王 Mengyu 梦雨 , LIANG 梁 Jianping 建平 , LU 卢 Ke 可 , ZHOU 周 Zikai 子凯 , LIU 刘 Qinghua 清华 , YUAN 袁 Hao 皓 , WANG 王 Wenchun 文春 , YANG 杨 Dezheng 德正 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In recent years, antibiotic pollution has become a serious threat to human health. In this study, a gas-liquid discharge plasma is developed to degrade ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in a multiphase mixed system containing inorganic and organic impurities. The discharge characteristics are analyzed by diagnosing the applied voltage and discharge current waveforms, as well as the optical emission spectra. The work investigates how degradation efficiency is affected by applied voltage, gas flow rate, treatment time, initial concentration as well as the addition of γ-Al2O3 pellets and peanut straw. After 70 min, the degradation efficiency of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in the multiphase mixed system reached 99.6%. Its removal efficiency increases as the initial concentration decreases and the applied voltage increases. Besides, there is still a good degradation efficiency of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride with the addition of peanut straw. The degradation mechanism of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride is investigated through the analysis of degraded intermediates and reactive species.
Climate change considerations in environmental impacts assessment (EIA) practices: learning from climate sensitive projects in Rufiji Basin Tanzania
Authors: Shimwela Ntule , Lema Godwin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The assessment of climate change mitigation and adaptation in environmental impact assessment (EIA) practices has been mostly inconsistently addressed. Studies that use data validation from experts and relevant authorities to address the socio-political context that influence the process have been inadequate. This study aimed to bridge the gap by examining the extent to which climate change mitigation and adaptation in EIA practices in Tanzania have been considered and the broader social-political context that influence the process. A mixed research design employing sequential methods was adopted. Both primary and secondary data was used. Primary data was obtained from 22 environmental experts through a close-ended questionnaire and interview with six key informants, while secondary data was obtained from 19 EIA reports issued between January 2020 and January 2022. Purposive sampling was used to select key informants and simple random sampling was used to select environmental experts and EIA reports. Content analysis was employed to assess qualitative text data to generate descriptive information. Statistical Package for Social Sciences enabled the processing and analysis of quantitative data through frequencies and percentages. The findings revealed that 23.3% and 10.5% of reviewed reports considered climate change mitigation, and adaptation respectively, reflecting that the degree of consideration was low and was mainly limited to mitigation. A close link between the EIA legal frameworks and the EIA practices was observed and it was recommended for a review of basic frameworks to mandate and include details on climate change mitigation and adaptation assessment in environmental impacts assessment practices. The study recommends building capacity of experts and authority, preparing clear climate change assessment guidelines, and availing reliable climate data at the local level to facilitate modelling.
The Apocrypha: A Guide
Authors: Goff Matthew 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Many readers of scripture, particularly in North America, are not aware that a substantial number of books were removed from their Old Testament. These books, often known collectively as the Apocrypha, were considered scripture for centuries by Christians, and for millions of Christians today still are. This book is an introduction to the Apocrypha. It discusses ancient and early modern disputes about scripture, providing context for the formation of the category “Apocrypha.” Each chapter focuses on a specific book, examining its core themes and ideas, the historical context of its composition, and later reception. This book is designed to be read along with the texts of the Apocrypha themselves, as presented in the New Oxford Annotated Bible. This volume is written not primarily for scholars, but rather for anyone who would like to learn more about these texts.
The Rehabilitation of a Wicked King
Authors: Goff Matthew 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Prayer of Manasseh is a short psalm. It is in the Old Testament of the Eastern Orthodox Church, not in the Catholic or Protestant Bibles. In 2 Kings 21, King Manasseh is depicted as a horrible king who promotes the worship of various deities. 2 Chronicles 33, by contrast, recounts him praying to God in Babylon and asking for forgiveness. God accepts his prayer and he is restored as a king of Judah. The chapter does not give the text of Manasseh’s successful prayer but does state that it was written down. The Prayer of Manasseh purports to be that prayer. The Dead Sea Scrolls include a different hymn of repentance attributed to Manasseh. The presentation of Manasseh’s repentance in 2 Chronicles generated in antiquity prayers attributed to Manasseh.
Dying for Judaism Prompts God’s Mercy
Authors: Goff Matthew 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides a concise overview of 2 Maccabees, which is in the Catholic Old Testament and the Protestant Apocrypha. The composition tells the history of the Maccabean revolt, covering much of the same material in 1 Maccabees 1–7, often in a completely different way. 2 Maccabees strives to show that the historical events it recounts illustrate that when the Jews are loyal to God, he will rescue them in a time of need, and if they are not, he will not intervene when disasters befall them. The work stresses that Jews’ willingness to endure torture and even die rather than abandon their traditions compels God to help Israel, to which 2 Maccabees attributes the military success of Judas Maccabee. Two letters are appended to the beginning of the work that stress that Jews in Egypt are to observe Hanukkah.
Read the Apocrypha
Authors: Goff Matthew 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter concludes the volume. It identifies recurring themes and motifs which occur throughout the books covered in this volume. These include engagement and expansion of Jewish scriptural texts. Also, in the ancient world, Jews were often a minority people and could face discrimination. In different ways, many of the books examined here teach that the best response to such difficulties is for Jews to uphold their traditions since God will rescue the pious. Many of the works also attest a lost form of Judaism characterized by extensive engagement with Greek literary and philosophical traditions. The reception of several of the texts examined here additionally indicates that some Jews in the Middle Ages were interested in books in the Christian Old Testament that are not in the Hebrew Bible and sought to incorporate them in various ways into Judaism.
Hawthorne and the State of War
Authors: Gould Philip 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter considers the role of censorship in the Civil War as both a coercive and a creative presence in Hawthorne’s war memoir, “Chiefly about War-Matters” (1862). It reads Hawthorne’s gambit of censoring his writing and including a fictionalized, loyal editor as a way of exploring the problem of creative expression in a culture dominated by censorship and propaganda. “War-Matters” thematizes the proliferation of wartime politics as the context for fictionalizing censorship itself to instruct his reader in the new realities of reading during the war. The chapter reads Hawthorne in light of such contemporary writers as Theodore Winthrop, Edward Everett Hale, and Abraham Lincoln. It argues that “War-Matters” demonstrates important inconsistencies about the relation of the creative artist in the wartime North.
PostFocus: automated selective post-acquisition high-throughput focus restoration using diffusion model for label-free time-lapse microscopy
Authors: Wu Kwan-Ling , Montalvo Melisa J , Menon Prashant S , Roysam Badrinath , Varadarajan Navin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Motivation
High-throughput time-lapse imaging is a fundamental tool for efficient living cell profiling at single-cell resolution. Label-free phase-contrast video microscopy enables noninvasive, nontoxic, and long-term imaging. The tradeoff between speed and throughput, however, implies that despite the state-of-the-art autofocusing algorithms, out-of-focus cells are unavoidable due to the migratory nature of immune cells (velocities &gt;10 μm/min). Here, we propose PostFocus to (i) identify out-of-focus images within time-lapse sequences with a classifier, and (ii) deploy a de-noising diffusion probabilistic model to yield reliable in-focus images.

Results
De-noising diffusion probabilistic model outperformed deep discriminative models with a superior performance on the whole image and around cell boundaries. In addition, PostFocus improves the accuracy of image analysis (cell and contact detection) and the yield of usable videos.

Availability and implementation
Open-source code and sample data are available at: https://github.com/kwu14victor/PostFocus.
Modern Slavery and the Punitive–Humanitarian Complex
Authors: Carvalho Henrique , Foreman Sally , Tawfic Simon , Aliverti Ana , Chamberlen Anastasia , Rawson Belinda 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper provides a critical analysis of modern slavery (MS) policy, legislation and discourse in the United Kingdom. Challenging the suggestion that recent attempts to dilute protections and guarantees in the original MS framework represent a fundamental shift from a more humanitarian to a more punitive orientation, it argues that these two moments ought to be understood as products of a single, underlying articulation, the ‘punitive–humanitarian complex’. We first explore the context and discourse of the MS agenda, exposing an ambivalence within its core tenets, primarily manifested through the dichotomy between victims (slaves) and offenders (slavers). The paper then examines how the punitive–humanitarian complex engenders moral and affective economies and reflects on how it reveals the vulnerability of contemporary state power.
Abscisic acid regulates Cl− efflux via the ABI5-ZAT10-SLAH3 module in chloride-stressed Malus hupehensis
Authors: Song Jianfei , Yan Junhong , Sun Baozhen , Chen Bing , Zhu Xiaoyue , Wei Hongcai , Bao Zhilong , Ma Fangfang , Zhang Weiwei , Yang Hongqiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The overload of Cl− typically causes cell damage and death in plants, especially in Cl−-sensitive crops. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a stress-induced phytohormone that can alleviate chloride stress by reducing Cl− accumulation; however, the mechanism is not clear. Here, we found that the application of ABA elevated Cl− efflux from roots and reduced membrane damage and cell death in chloride-stressed Malus hupehensis. MhSLAH3, a homolog of the slow anion channel from M. hupehensis, encoded a channel controlling Cl− efflux and was induced by both chloride and ABA. MhSLAH3 overexpression accelerated Cl− efflux, which enhanced the tolerance of M. hupehensis to chloride stress, and retarded chloride-induced cell death. However, the suppression of MhSLAH3 partially offset the acceleration effect of ABA on Cl− efflux. MhZAT10L was then identified as a C2H2-type transcription factor upstream of MhSLAH3, repressing MhSLAH3 transcription under chloride stress. The suppression of MhZAT10L accelerated Cl− efflux by releasing suppressed MhSLAH3, but MhZAT10L overexpression counteracted the effects of ABA on Cl− efflux. MhABI5 promoted Cl− efflux mediated by MhSLAH3 due to induction by ABA and transcriptional repression of MhZAT10L, but this function of MhABI5 was reversed by MhZAT10L overexpression. The suppression of MhABI5 diminished the positive effects of ABA on Cl− efflux and retarding cell death. Thus, ABA repressed MhZAT10L transcription by activating MhABI5, further releasing MhSLAH3 to accelerate Cl− efflux. These findings provide a new evidence of ABA regulation of Cl− efflux.
Predictors of confidence in research: a cross-sectional survey of pharmacists in the north of England
Authors: Wilson Franki , Pieniazek Rebecca , Hodgins Mike , Jamieson Hazel , Brown Jane , Forsyth Paul 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
Pharmacist-led research is key to optimizing medicines use and improving pharmacy services, yet it is not yet widely embedded into careers. This study aims to identify predictors of confidence in meeting the research learning outcomes in the Royal Pharmaceutical Society (RPS) Post-Registration Foundation and Core Advanced curricula, to provide targeted recommendations for building research capability and capacity within the profession.

Methods
The study was a cross-sectional electronic survey, distributed to eligible pharmacists in March 2023 (n = 253). The survey gathered demographic information, research experience, and self-reported confidence in meeting the research learning outcomes in the RPS Post-Registration Foundation and Core Advanced curricula. Pre-determined independent variables were analysed using two binomial logistic regression models (one per curriculum) to identify predictors of the dichotomous variable: confidence with meeting all research learning outcomes in that curriculum.

Key findings
Participants were more likely to self-report as confident (versus not confident) with meeting all research learning outcomes in a curriculum if they had recent experience (within the previous 12 months) of research or research-related activities, held a postgraduate research qualification, had undertaken research training outside of a postgraduate qualification, discussed research in their appraisal, or worked in the hospital sector. Conversely, male gender, years practicing, and protected time for research did not predict confidence.

Conclusion
A targeted approach, including improving access to research methods training, experience-based learning, mentorship, and linking research projects to key organizational objectives, could be the key to developing research capability and capacity across all sectors and career stages.
Desaminotyrosine is a redox‐active microbial metabolite that bolsters macrophage antimicrobial functions while attenuating IL‐6 production
Authors: Zhou Junyang , Han Jinzhi , Wei Yanxia , Wang Yugang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntestinal microbiota contributes to host defense against pathogens while avoiding the induction of inflammation in homeostatic conditions, but the mechanism is not fully understood. To investigate the potential role of the bacterial metabolite desaminotyrosine (DAT) in regulating host defense and inflammation, we pretreated mouse bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) with DAT for 12 hours and then challenged with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We found that DAT priming‐enhanced type I interferon response while selectively inhibiting proinflammatory interleukin (IL)‐6 production after exposure to LPS. This is related to the fact that DAT is a natural antioxidant determined by radical scavenging assay in a cell‐free system. DAT‐primed cells had increased levels of the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) upon LPS stimulation. Countering the increased NADPH by supplementing extra oxidized NADP+ to cells reversed DAT's effect on LPS‐induced Il‐6 and interferon‐stimulated gene expressions. DAT‐primed cells also were more resistant to oxidative stress‐induced generation of reactive oxygen species and cell death. DAT promoted the production of antimicrobial effector nitric oxide in a cellular redox‐dependent manner, leading to enhanced macrophage antimicrobial activity during Salmonella enterica infection. Our data suggest that DAT acts as a host‐microbiota crosstalk signal in shaping host immune defense and inflammatory response.
US Obstetrician-Gynecologists’ Perceived Impacts of Post–Dobbs v Jackson State Abortion Bans
Authors: Sabbath Erika L. , McKetchnie Samantha M. , Arora Kavita S. , Buchbinder Mara 
Published: July 2024

(Abstracted from JAMA Network Open 2024;7(1):e2352109)
The US Supreme Court decision in the case of Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization (Dobbs) has had far-reaching consequences and implications for patients and for health care professionals. Between the announcement of the result of this case in 2022 and December 2023, 16 states, with 5 more pending, have passed bans on abortion with exceptions that in many cases are very limited.
Postoperative Incisional Complications in Gynaecologic Single-Incision Laparoscopic Surgery: Comparing Closure Techniques
Authors: Sunkara Sowmya , Jackson Josef , Casey Sarah , Erfani Hadi , Thigpen Brooke , Zhang Chunghua , Guan Xiaoming 
Published: July 2024

(Abstracted from J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2024;46(6):102416)
Minimally invasive surgery promotes healthy outcomes in a variety of ways and has been shown in hysterectomies to lead to reduced mortality, venous thromboembolism, and infection rates when compared with laparotomy. Two varieties of minimally invasive surgery for hysterectomy include single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) and robotic SILS (rSILS), and each has been shown to be safe and effective with low complication rates and high patient satisfaction.
Simple Versus Radical Hysterectomy in Women With Low-Risk Cervical Cancer
Authors: Plante Marie , Kwon Janice S. , Ferguson Sarah , Samouëlian Vanessa , Ferron Gwenael , Maulard Amandine , de Kroon Cor , van Driel Willemien , Tidy John , Williamson Karin , Mahner Sven , Kommoss Stefan , Goffin Frederic , Tamussino Karl , Eyjólfsdóttir Brynhildur , Kim Jae-Weon , Gleeson Noreen , Brotto Lori , Tu Dongsheng , Shepherd Lois E. ,   for the CX.5 SHAPE investigators
Published: July 2024

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2024;390:9)
Radical hysterectomy is the standard-of-care treatment for early-stage cervical cancer; however, observational studies suggest no survival benefit between patients who undergo radical hysterectomy versus simple hysterectomy for stage IA2 cervical cancer. Additionally, 2 recent large studies have raised the question of whether simple hysterectomy compares favorably overall with radical hysterectomy in stage IA2 or IB1 disease with mixed evidence.
Guided Growth With Screws and Nonabsorbable Suture for Correcting Knee Flexion in Arthrogryposis for Preschool Population: Preliminary Report
Authors: Martínez Soto Gino , Richard Cajas Javier , Baar Zimend Alejandro 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
To introduce an epiphysiodesis technique utilizing screws and nonabsorbable sutures, aimed at rectifying knee flexion contractures (KFCs) in arthrogryposis.

Background:
Arthrogryposis, a congenital condition characterized by joint contractures, often presents with knee flexion involvement, impeding ambulation. Conservative methods such as casting and physiotherapy may be insufficient, necessitating surgical intervention. Anterior epiphysiodesis emerges as a viable option, with various techniques described in the literature.

Materials and Methods:
Eight knees in 4 patients with arthrogryposis and KFCs underwent anterior femoral epiphysiodesis using screws and nonabsorbable sutures. Pre and postoperative measurements of KFC and distal femoral diaphyseal-epiphyseal angle were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test.

Results:
The procedure significantly improved KFCs, with a median final flexion angle of 0 degrees achieved postoperatively. The distal femoral diaphyseal-epiphyseal angle also increased significantly postoperatively. The average time for angular modification was 11.75 months. Long-term complications were minimal

Conclusion:
KFCs pose functional challenges, particularly in arthrogryposis. Traditional interventions may not suffice, necessitating surgical approaches like anterior epiphysiodesis. This technique offers early correction with minimal invasiveness, good tolerability, and reversibility; particularly beneficial for younger patients. Anterior epiphysiodesis with screws and non-absorbable sutures effectively corrects KFCs in arthrogryposis, offering a valuable alternative to more invasive procedures. It can achieve good results at a lower cost and with few complications, making it a valuable surgical option for younger patients.