bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS ON STUNTING PREVALENCE RATES IN INDONESIA
Authors: Munawaroh Siti , Fajri Moh Najikhul , Ajija Shochrul Rohmatul 
Published: July 2024

Background: Social assistance, such as Non-Cash Food Assistance (BPNT) and the Family Hope Program (PKH), is among the instruments used to eradicate stunting in the short and long term. Therefore, it is important to ensure that individuals effectively use it.
Aims: This study aimed to review the effect of social assistance on stunting prevalence rates in Indonesia.
Methods: This research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing numerical measurements and statistical analysis. The data is secondary and sourced from the Central Bureau of Statistics and the Ministry of Finance. The specific method applied is the generalized method of moments (GMM) dynamic panel regression. The research sample encompasses panel data from 34 provinces from 2015 to 2021. This study utilizes the indicator of very short height for children less than five years of age as a proxy for stunting. Furthermore, low height in children is adopted as a measure of stunting. Furthermore, this study adopted a measure of low height in children to indicate stunting.
Results: The results showed that social assistance negatively affected stunting, supported by various other indicators such as the proportion of proper sanitation, the average length of schooling, protein consumption, and drinking water sources. Meanwhile, excessive calorie consumption increases stunting in a certain period.
Conclusion: In this condition, government social assistance was urgently needed since access to the lowest decile households increased stunting rates. The practical implications for policy derived from these findings involve optimizing the efficiency of social assistance initiatives, emphasizing the significance of addressing environmental factors in programs aimed at preventing stunting, integrating health and nutrition initiatives, and implementing educational campaigns within communities to raise awareness about calorie consumption.
Keywords: child health, social assistance, stunting, toddlers
Desigualdades regionais na enumeração dos registros de óbitos fetais nos sistemas de informações sobre estatísticas vitais no Brasil
Authors: Marques Lays Janaina Prazeres , Silva Zilda Pereira da , Almeida Marcia Furquim de 
Published: July 2024

Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar a variação do número de óbitos fetais informados entre o Sistema de Estatísticas Vitais do Registro Civil (RC) e o Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) e comparar a tendência da taxa de mortalidade fetal (TMF) de ambos os sistemas no Brasil, para o período 2009-2019. A variação percentual (VP) foi analisada por meio da comparação entre as fontes de dados para os óbitos fetais precoces (<28 semanas) e tardios (≥28 semanas). Os clusters de unidades da federação foram obtidos pelo método k-means. Aplicou-se a regressão linear generalizada de Prais-Winsten na análise da tendência da TMF. O SIM demonstrou percentual de captação 27,7% superior ao RC no período estudado. Houve maior número de óbitos fetais informados no SIM para o Brasil e regiões, em ambos os estratos de óbitos. As regiões Norte e Nordeste apresentaram as maiores VP em oposição às regiões mais desenvolvidas do país, Sudeste e Sul, onde verificou-se uma convergência de 95%. Apesar da redução da VP na década analisada, as estimativas de tendência da TMF permaneceram subestimadas no RC. Conclui-se que a captação dos óbitos fetais foi maior no SIM, sobretudo nas regiões Norte e Nordeste, reconhecidas como as mais vulneráveis do país.
Formation the coefficient of growth for the power scale of transformers taking into account the operational indicators of substations
Authors: Baklytskyi Vladyslav Mykolayovych 
Published: July 2024

The article describes the sequence of formation of the growth coefficient of the transformers power scale, taking into account the operational indicators of substations. For this purpose, an expression for finding the optimal power of 110 kV transformers has been developed on the basis of a technical-economic model of costs for the transformation of electrical energy. The developed expression is used to find the optimal power of transformers of 110 kV in conventional units, taking into account the load of substations, which is the basis for the formation of the growth coefficient of the transformers power. The search for optimal power was performed on the basis of deviations of the indicators of the maximum load of transformers and the time of maximum losses. The time indicators of maximum losses and maximum load are calculated according to the hourly load data of transformers, taking into account the presence of generation nodes on the secondary voltage buses. The formation of the growth coefficient of the scale of transformers is performed by finding the mathematical expectation of the optimal power and its shift based on the boundaries of the distribution of two adjacent powers of transformers. The substantiation of the formed coefficient of growth of the transformers power was performed according to the criterion of minimum technological losses of electrical energy, by comparing the daily loses schedules in transformers. According to the research results, it follows that the application of the obtained coefficient allows to reduce the level of technological losses. The study was carried out on the example of operating substations with two-winding transformers of 110 kV using the scheme of the established mode of operation of the electric network.
Nutrition's Double-Edged Sword: Understanding the Surprising Effects of Common Foods on Bones through a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Amin Ayesha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Osteoporosis, one of the most common bone diseases, affects 200 million people worldwide. Although medications are available to control the progression of this disease and to improve bone health, there are certain complications associated with almost all of them. This observational descriptive cross-sectional study examined the association between dietary habits and bone pain among 300 healthy individuals aged 19 to 35 years. Weekly dietary intake of milk, carbonated drinks, broiler chickens, fruits, and vegetables was assessed, and associations with bone pain were quantified using a bone pain score. Statistical analysis revealed a significant inverse relationship between milk consumption and bone pain (p < 0.001), whereas increased vegetable, carbonated drink, and broiler chicken intake were associated with higher bone pain scores (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, and p = 0.033, respectively). These findings suggest that certain dietary components significantly influence bone health and may guide nutritional recommendations for bone health preservation.
Robot in the Loop: An Ethnography-Based Approach to Robotics and Reinforcement Learning to Support On-Site Construction Work
Authors: Wu Yuning , Erdolu Emek , Wei Jiaying , Oh Jean , Llach Daniel Cardoso 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Construction is one of the world’s largest and least automated industries, relying on the cooperation of multiple people with diverse skillsets in labor intensive, physical tasks. Since the 1980s, efforts to introduce robots into construction contexts have mostly focused on automating discrete tasks or monitoring site activities. In this paper, by contrast, we show how robots might be designed to adaptively support the cooperative work of construction teams. Following an indicative review of the state of the art in construction robotics, the paper shows how a detailed ethnographic study of construction workers shaped the design, development, and evaluation of a robot able to assist a team of carpentry workers by delivering tools and hardware during the installation of formwork panels. The resulting prototype is a building companion rover guided by state-of-the-art deep reinforcement learning (DRL) methods and an innovative social navigation stack. Through quantitative and qualitative evaluations in lab settings and on a construction site, we show how the rover can adaptively support carpentry workers taking their specific workflow into account. By documenting these technical and conceptual contributions, we hope to bring ”robotically-supported construction” into focus as a domain of interest for the construction robotics community.
Preparation and tissue structure analysis of horse bone collagen peptide
Authors: Wu Jindi , Na Heya , Bai Fan , Li Siyu , Gao Hao , Sha Rina 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Horse bone is rich in collagen, with a composition similar to that of human collagen. Collagen peptides supply nutrients needed for human growth that act as antioxidants, lower blood pressure. This study explored the extraction of collagen and the preparation of collagen short peptides from Mongolian horse bones. Bones were collected from horses of varying ages, and the collagen content along with calcium salt distribution were observed through staining and imaging analyses. Next, the bones were processed into a powder and then subjected to ultra-high-pressure processing for degreasing. The degreasing conditions were optimised by single-factor and orthogonal tests. Following this, collagen was extracted using an acid-enzymatic method, and its structural characteristics and thermal stability were assessed. The collagen short peptides were extracted from the collagen samples, and the effects of the enzymatic hydrolysis time, temperature, pH, and enzyme amount on the extraction rate were evaluated. Finally, the resulting collagen peptides were analysed for antioxidant activity. In summary, this experiment optimised the extraction conditions for horse bone collagen, demonstrating that the ultra-high-pressure method minimally affects collagen structure, and the extraction rate was high. Hence our method has significant development potential.
Addition of lidocaine to prophylactic ondansetron and dexamethasone in high-risk children for postoperative vomiting: A randomised, controlled, double-blinded study
Authors: Xu Jin-fei , Du Ming-cheng , Chen Yi , Hu Yang , Long Xiang , Jiang Jing-jing , Gong Yuan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

A combination of dexamethasone, ondansetron, and total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) is recommended as prophylaxis to prevent postoperative vomiting (POV) in high-risk children. Implementing TIVA in paediatric anaesthesia presents challenges due to its widespread ease of use. Regarding lidocaine’s antiemetic effect in paediatric patients, incorporating lidocaine can mitigate POV in high-risk children. Among 204 children undergoing elective tonsillectomy (with/without adenoidectomy), those with a postoperative vomiting score ≥ 4 were randomised into Group C (saline) and Group L (lidocaine). The primary outcome was the incidence of POV at 24 hours postoperatively. The secondary outcome was the number of coughs at 30 minutes postoperatively. The POV incidence differed with 15 patients in Group C (14.7%) and 5 in Group L (4.9%) presenting with one or more episodes of POV (P = 0.019). The number of coughs at 30 minutes postoperatively differed between Group L (1[0–2]) and Group C (1[0–2]) (P = 0.007). A lower percentage of patients experienced adverse events in Group C (2.2%) compared with Group L (1.1%) (P = 0.567); no severe events occurred. Adding lidocaine to ondansetron and dexamethasone is effective in reducing the POV incidence and extubation coughs in high-risk children following volatile anaesthesia for tonsillectomy.
Dictionary-based T2-mapping with multi-echo turbo-spin echo
Authors: Badrieva Zilya , Brui Ekaterina , Mayenne Charles-Alexis , Rapacchi Stanislas , Troalen Thomas , Bendahan David 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Multi-echo turbo-spin echo (ME-TSE) is a pulse sequence commonly used for T2 mapping in MRI. As compared to other pulse sequences such as MESE, ME-TSE is largely faster. It has been previously shown that dictionary-based T2-mapping can be used to provide accurate T2 values from MESE datasets but the corresponding accuracy on ME-TSE datasets has never been assessed. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the impact of combining effective echo signals in a ME-TSE pulse sequence on the accuracy of T2 mapping using a dictionary-based reconstruction method. We initially compared three different combinations of echo signals on phantom scans and identified the corresponding differences. We then determined the best combination among them. In the pulse sequence with an echo train length (ETL) of 3 and 3 contrasts, we found that the most accurate and homogeneous combination was achieved when the first echo was assigned to the center in the first contrast, the second echo in the second contrast, and the third echo in the third contrast. Next, we compared the use of dictionaries generated for a single slice versus multiple slices (N = 5) in the reconstruction process for this specific combination. The dictionaries were generated using a Bloch simulator, taking into account the saturation effect between slices during dictionary generation for the multi-slice case. Our results show that using single-slice dictionaries for reconstructing T2 phantom maps with no gap between slices can lead to variations in T2 values between slices. However, this variation can be reduced when using a multi-slice dictionary so that more accurate T2 values can be obtained.
Long-term Evaluation (10 Years) of the Outcomes of Herbst Functional Appliance in Pharyngeal Dimensions and Hyoid Bone Position in the Treatment of Class II Patients
Authors: Almeida Thagid Yasmin Leal , Fialho Tiago , de Freitas Karina Maria Salvatore , Henriques José Fernando Castanha , de Freitas Marcos Roberto 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term changes in the pharyngeal dimensions and hyoid bone position in Class II malocclusion patients treated with Herbst functional appliance.
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting: Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo – Brazil.
Methods: The sample comprised 15 skeletal Class II malocclusion patients (13.00 years old ± 1.21) treated with Herbst functional appliance and followed for a mean period of 10 years (10.73 years ± 3.67). Lateral headfilms were used to evaluate the pharyngeal dimensions and hyoid bone position, and the measurements were performed with Dolphin® Imaging 11.9. Intragroup comparison between the evaluation stages was performed with repeated measures ANOVA, followed by Tukey tests if necessary. Results were considered statistically significant at p<0.05.
Results: Regarding the pharyngeal cephalometric variables, only the lower airway space increased significantly in the treatment period, and all of them remained stable remained stable during follow-up period. The hyoid bone moved significantly forward and downward during the treatment period and even further forward during the long-term posttreatment period.
Conclusion: The outcomes of Herbst functional appliance in pharyngeal dimensions and hyoid bone position are stable over the years.
Plasma Ceramide: Monitoring Progression of Coronary Stenosis After PCI
Authors: zhang liang , Zhang Yang , Gao XinPing , Wang Da , Liang HuiQing , Tan DaWei , Zhang XinXing , Li LIN , Zeng Yong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Patients with severe coronary artery stenosis have been found to exhibit higher levels of plasma ceramides compared to those with mild/moderate stenosis. This study aimed to investigate changes in plasma ceramides and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in patients with progressive stenosis after undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Method
This prospective study recruited patients with definite or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent invasive coronary angiography (ICA) at Beijing Anzhen Hospital between March and August 2018. A total of 174 participants were enrolled in this study. The patients were categorized into two groups: PCI patients with severe stenosis (n = 55) and non-CAD patients (n = 119). Plasma concentrations of LDL-C and ceramides (Cer (d18:1/16:0), Cer (d18:1/18:0), Cer (d18:1/24:1), and Cer (d18:1/24:1)) were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
Results
PCI patients exhibited higher levels of plasma Cer (d18:1/16:0), Cer (d18:1/18:0), Cer (d18:1/24:1), Cer (d18:1/18:0)/Cer (d18:1/24:0), and Cer (d18:1/24:1)/Cer (d18:1/24:0) compared to non-CAD participants. Within 24 months, progressive stenosis occurred in 28 out of 55 PCI patients, who showed an increased fold-change in plasma levels of Cer (d18:1/16:0), Cer (d18:1/18:0), Cer (d18:1/24:1), and Cer (d18:1/24:0) within 15 months after PCI, whereas no similar changes were observed in stable stenosis patients. LDL-C levels decreased within 15 months after PCI in the progressive group.
Conclusion
The changes observed in plasma levels of Cer (d18:1/16:0), Cer (d18:1/18:0), Cer (d18:1/24:1), and Cer (d18:1/24:0), along with the decreased LDL-C in progressive patients. Regular monitoring of plasma ceramide levels could provide valuable prognostic information in patients after PCI.
`Virtual EMO-Mind´ for Primary School Students: Effects on Mindfulness Skills, Attention, Impulsiveness, and Emotional Stability
Authors: Olarza Amaiur , Aritzeta Aitor , Soroa Goretti , Aranberri-Ruiz Ainara , Mindeguia Rosa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Mindfulness, though beneficial, faces engagement challenges, particularly in children. Recognising the potential of virtual reality, this study pioneers a virtual mindfulness intervention called `Virtual EMO-Mind´ for school-aged students, aiming to enhance attention, impulsivity regulation, and emotional stability. With 511 participants aged 9 to 12 (Mage= 10.65 years; SDage= 0.69; 51.9% girls; 48.1% boys), a quasi-experimental design compared the intervention group (n = 432) to a control group (n = 79). The four-session `Virtual EMO-Mind´ programme included three phases: 1) A preliminary concentration activity, 2) The immersive mindfulness experiences in virtual environments representing different seasons, and 3) The conscious breathing activity. We used Student’s t statistic to compare the initial and final scores obtained in the experimental group. In addition, an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was conducted to explore differences between the experimental and control groups, as well as to analyse the differential effects of the programme on girls and boys, and on participants in Years 5 and 6. The results showed significant improvements in mindfulness skills, attention span, impulsivity regulation, and emotional stability. Participants reported motivation and a positive experience with virtual reality, indicating a well-received and engaging intervention. These findings support the potential of `Virtual EMO-Mind´ as an effective intervention for enhancing psychological well-being in school settings.
Association Between Chest Imaging and Persistent Symptoms: A Six-Month Follow-Up Study on COVID-19 SurvivorsChest imaging and COVID-19 persistent symptoms at six months follow-up.
Authors: Mantilla Alvaro Jose Lora , Ramirez Catalina Caceres , Gutierrez Maria Camila Ayala , Muñoz Maria Camila Amaya , Santos Diana Maria Valenzuela , Laitton Edgar David Gomez , Lopez Paul Anthony Camacho 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic remains a global challenge with over 750 million cases. Post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) involves persistent symptoms three months post-infection, affecting 30%-50% of recovered individuals for up to two years. Risk factors include female sex, smoking, lung disease, and severe initial infection. This article examines if initial chest radiological findings predict PCC.
Objective: This study aims to explore the association between initial chest radiological findings and the risk of PCC.
Materials and Methods: A single-center ambidirectional cohort study included 1063 COVID-19 patients with thoracic imaging within 72 hours of admission. Baseline data, clinical symptoms, and imaging findings were collected. Six-month follow-up telephone interviews assessed persistent symptoms and PCC development.
Results: 47.1% of patients developed PCC and 35% of these patients showed abnormalities in X-ray. Abnormal chest X-ray findings (RR: 1.19; 95%CI: 1.04-1.35), particularly ground glass opacities (RR: 1.18; 95%CI: 1.03-1.36), and multilobar involvement (RR: 1.348; 95%CI: 1.080-1.682) were associated with PCC at 6 months.
Conclusion: This study establishes a link between initial chest X-ray findings and PCC development. Despite limited literature support, our findings stress the prognostic value of early imaging in predicting long-term outcomes. Further research is needed to validate imaging's role in understanding and predicting PCC.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Percutaneous and Open Surgery in Trigger Finger Disease
Authors: Varış Onur , Peker Gökhan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Trigger finger (TF) or stenosing tenosynovitis, first described by Alphonse Nota in 1850, has a lifetime prevalence of 2% to 3% in the adult population and an annual incidence of 28 per 100,000. Conservative treatment methods for TF include activity modification, orthotic immobilization, hand therapy exercise protocols, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and steroid injections. Surgical treatment involves releasing the A1 pulley by open or percutaneous surgery.
Method:
After receiving approval from the Health Sciences University Trabzon Faculty of Medicine Scientific Research Ethics Committee, 367 of 478 patients who underwent surgical treatment with the diagnosis of trigger finger in our clinic between 01.01.2018 and 01.01.2023 were included in our study. Patients were divided into open surgery and percutaneous surgery groups according to the surgical method applied. Preoperative trigger severity was evaluated according to Quinell's rating, pain was evaluated with the visual analog scale (VAS), and function was evaluated with the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (Q-DASH) score.
Results
There were significant differences in the preoperative VAS, postoperative VAS, first month VAS, sixth month VAS, and first year VAS scores between the open technique surgery group (p<0.001) and the percutaneous technique surgery group (p<0.001).
Intergroup comparisons of Q-DASH scores revealedno significant differences in the preoperative (p=0.541), first month (p=0.231), sixth month (p=0.148), and first year (p=0.315) scores between the open and percutaneous surgery groups.
Conclusions
In our study, we found no significant differences in the results of the open and percutaneous surgery techniques we performed for the treatment of trigger finger disease. Several authors have reported differences between the results of open and percutaneous release techniques, while others have reported 100% success rates in grip strength, active range of motion of the proximal interphalangeal joint, and residual pain by both techniques.