bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of red bean protein [Vigna angularis] isolate on rheological properties of pork myofibrillar protein gels induced by microbial transglutaminase
Authors: Jang Ho S. , Lee Hong C. , Chin Koo B. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryThe effects of 1% red bean protein isolate (RBPI) on the gel properties of myofibrillar protein (MP) in various levels of microbial transglutaminase (MTG: 0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, & 1%) were evaluated. The cooking yield (CY) of the MP gels decreased with increasing MTG level, while the addition of RBPI improved the CY of the MP gels. Gel strength (GS) was also improved when RBPI was incorporated into the MP gels containing higher than 0.5% of MTG. The addition of MTG and RBPI was slightly changed the endothermic peak temperatures. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the three‐dimensional structure of MP with RBPI alone or in combined with MTG was compacted as compared to the control. Based on the results, RBPI could be functioned as a substrate for MTG (0.5–1.0%) and a water binder of meat protein gel mediated by MTG.
Classification of physical activity intensities using a wrist‐worn accelerometer in 8–12‐year‐old children
Authors: Chandler J. L. , Brazendale K. , Beets M. W. , Mealing B. A. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryBackgroundPopulation‐specific accelerometer cut‐points are required to accurately determine the accumulation of physical activity of various intensities.ObjectivesA calibration study was conducted (i) to determine the cut‐points for theActiGraph GT3X+, non‐dominant, wrist‐mounted accelerometer in children aged 8–12 years and (ii) to compare classification accuracies among the accelerometer's three axes and vector magnitude (VM) values.MethodsForty‐five children aged 8–12 years performed up to seven activities while wearing accelerometers on their non‐dominant wrist. Activities were performed in a summer day camp setting, represented free‐living activities, and lasted for 10 min with minutes 5–8.5 used for analysis. Direct observation and percentage of heart rate reserve were used to determine activity intensity.ResultsReceiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses resulted in area under the curve values of all three axes andVMranging 0.82–0.89, 0.80–0.83, 0.62–0.67 and 0.86–0.89 for light, moderate, vigorous and moderate‐to‐vigorous activity intensities. Additionally, regression analyses resulted in prediction equations withR2values ranging from 0.70 to 0.77.ConclusionResults found comparable activity intensity classification accuracies from theActiGraph GT3X+wrist‐worn accelerometer to previously published studies. Based onROCand regression analyses, activity intensities can be distilled from this accelerometer using axis 1, axis 2 orVMvalues with similar classification accuracy.
Highly Porous Geopolymers Through Templating and Surface Interactions
Authors: Glad Brayden E. , Kriven Waltraud M. 
Published: April 2015

The natural porosity of geopolymers and the simplicity of geopolymer synthesis make them a potential candidate for the formation of highly porous ceramics. Here, the synthesis of highly porous (≈70 vol% or more) metakaolin geopolymer is demonstrated using a novel emulsion preparation with one‐pot curing and hydrophobization of the interior pores with alkylalkoxysilanes. Using mercury intrusion porosimetry, tailoring of the characteristic percolation pore size is demonstrated over a range of ≈200 nm to 10 μm. Using powder X‐ray diffraction, reactivity was shown to be decreased versus typical geopolymers, but substantial geopolymerization still occurred and the samples formed cohesive monoliths. Optional calcination under inert conditions allowed for formation of a glassy ceramic with a notable SiC phase, as well as further increasing the porosity by removing the hydrophobic pore coatings.
Porous YbB6 Ceramics Prepared by In Situ Reaction between Yb2O3 and B4C Combined with Partial Sintering
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Fei , Xiang Hui‐Min , Sun Xin , Liu Jia‐Chen , Hou Feng , Zhou Yan‐Chun 
Published: April 2015

Porous YbB6 ceramic, a member of the ultrahigh‐temperature (UHT) family, is successfully prepared from Yb2O3 and B4C powders by in situ synthesis combined with partial sintering method. Due to the fact that pores can be produced using the gases such as B2O3 and CO generated in reaction between Yb2O3 and B4C, phase‐pure porous YbB6 ceramics are obtained after sintering the Yb2O3/B4C green bodies at 1750°C for 2 h in a flowing argon atmosphere under ambient pressure without addition of pore‐forming agent. Using this new and simple method, the porosity and volume shrinkage of porous YbB6 ceramics are controllable by changing the green density. The prepared porous YbB6 ceramic has homogeneous pore structure with very narrow pore diameter distribution. Furthermore, the porous YbB6 possesses high compressive strength of ~21.34 MPa when the porosity is ~58.7% and the density is ~2.27 g/cm3. The combination of these favorable properties renders porous YbB6 ceramic being a light‐weight structural and functional component for UHT applications.
Does the quality of life construct as illustrated in quantitative measurement tools reflect the perspective of people with dementia?
Authors: O'Rourke Hannah M. , Fraser Kimberly D. , Duggleby Wendy 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAimsA discussion of the extent to which people with dementia's perspectives on quality of life have been included in quantitative research.BackgroundCapturing the perspective of people with dementia may improve understanding of their quality of life. Quantitative tools to assess quality of life exist, but the extent to which these reflect the perspective of people with dementia has not been evaluated.DesignA discussion paper.Data sourcesTen tools (designed between 1992–2012) to measure quality of life from the perspective of people with dementia were located from existing reviews.DiscussionEach tool was rated according to the extent to which the developers included the perspectives of people with dementia at three different points of quality of life conceptualization: during quality of life assessment, to identify quality of life domains and to define an overall conceptual framework. This analysis demonstrates that tool developers were inconsistent in their approach to including the perspectives of people with dementia to understand quality of life. The perspective of people with dementia was included primarily to assess, but not to select domains or define overall quality of life.Implications for nursingNurses should consider not only who assesses quality of life, but also whose understanding of quality of life is being assessed.ConclusionIt is unclear whether the quantitative quality of life literature reflects the perspective of people with dementia. Debate is needed regarding the impact of this issue on the lives of people with dementia.
A case study exploring the experience of graduate entry nursing students when learning in practice
Authors: Stacey Gemma , Pollock Kristian , Crawford Paul 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAimTo explore how Graduate Entry Nursing students present and position themselves in practice in response to anti‐intellectualist stereotypes and assessment structures.BackgroundA complex background turbulence exists in nurse education which incorporates both pro‐ and anti‐intellectualist positions. This represents a potentially challenging learning environment for students who are recruited onto pre‐registration programmes designed to attract graduates into the nursing profession on the basis of the specific attributes they bring known as ‘graduateness’.DesignA longitudinal qualitative case study conducted over 2 years.MethodsData were collected from eight Graduate Entry Nursing students at 6 monthly points between 2009–2011 via diaries, clinical assessment documentation and interviews. Forty interviews took place over 2 years. Additionally, three focus groups involving 12 practice assessors were conducted at the end of the study period. Data were analysed through a social constructivist lens and compared with a set of suppositions informed by existing empirical and theoretical debates.FindingsDemonstrated the interplay of performance strategies adopted by Graduate Entry Nursing students to challenge or pre‐empt actual or perceived negative stereotypes held by established practitioners to gain acceptance, reduce threat and be judged as appropriately competent.ConclusionStudents interpreted and responded to, perceived stereotypes of nursing practice they encountered in ways which facilitated the most advantageous outcome for themselves as individuals. The data present the creative and self‐affirming strategies which students adopted in response to the expectations generated by these stereotypes. They also depict how such strategies commonly involved suppression of the attributes associated with ‘graduateness’.
Living Alone with Alzheimer's Disease and the Risk of Adverse Outcomes: Results from the Plan de Soin et d'Aide dans la maladie d'Alzheimer Study
Authors: Soto Maria , Andrieu Sandrine , Gares Valérie , Cesari Matteo , Gillette‐Guyonnet Sophie , Cantet Christelle , Vellas Bruno , Nourhashémi Fati 
Published: April 2015

ObjectivesTo examine whether living alone predicted hospitalizations, nursing home admission, weight loss, and death in individuals with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) over 2 years of follow‐up.DesignData are from the Plan de Soin et d'Aide dans la maladie d'Alzheimer study, a 24‐month trial with a cluster randomization of memory clinics in two arms: a multidomain intervention and usual care.SettingMemory clinics in France (N = 50).ParticipantsCommunity‐dwelling individuals with AD with a Mini‐Mental State Examination score between 12 and 26 and an identified caregiver.MeasurementsA neurogeriatric evaluation was conducted twice a year in the intervention group and annually in the control group. Hospitalizations, nursing home admission, weight loss, and death occurring during the past year were recorded. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, clinical conditions, therapy, and physical and cognitive status was recorded.ResultsAt inclusion, 348 (30.8%) of the 1,131 participants lived alone. Living alone did not increase the risk of mortality or weight loss in individuals with mild to moderate AD, but significant associations with risk of hospitalization (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01–1.74) and institutionalization (HR = 2.53, 95% CI = 1.84–3.47) were reported. A protective effect of physical function on institutionalization and mortality was found.ConclusionThese results might support clinicians in making decisions about institutionalization of individuals with AD living alone or improving home health care, such as increasing screening and managing functional impairment in this complex population.
Transition from milks to the introduction of solid foods across the first 2 years of life: findings from an Australian birth cohort study
Authors: Amezdroz E. , Carpenter L. , O'Callaghan E. , Johnson S. , Waters E. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe current literature regarding the transition from milks to solid foods across the first 2 years of life is limited despite the important influence of early dietary intake on children's growth and development. The present study describes dietary intake from birth to 2 years across four developmental relevant time‐points within an Australian birth cohort.MethodsDietary data from 466 infants was collected at four time‐points in the first 2 years of life via parent‐reported questionnaire, including a 45‐item food and beverage frequency questionnaire. Subsample analyses of children who were aged 1–3, 6–8, 12–14 and 18–20 months at the time of data collection were conducted.ResultsInfant formula remained consistently consumed by over 75% of children from the 6–8‐ to 18–20 months old age groups. Mean (SD) age of introduction to solid foods was 5.2 (1.3) months. Almost 20% and 10% of children were introduced before 16 and after 32 weeks, respectively. The highest consumption of core foods, recommended for a healthy diet, daily was seen in the 12–14 months old age group with lower proportions in the 18–20 months old age group coinciding with an increased proportion of children eating discretionary choice foods, not recommended for a healthy diet. Discretionary choice foods/beverages presented in children's diets as early as in the 6–8 months old age group. By 18–20 months, at least 20% of children were consuming savoury biscuits, sweet biscuits, muesli bars and luncheon meats at least twice a week.ConclusionsThe present study identified a number of findings outside the recommendations of the Australian Dietary and Infant Feeding Guidelines. Further work is warranted to explore these outcomes.
How individuals with dementia in nursing homes maintain their dignity through life storytelling – a case study
Authors: Heggestad Anne Kari Tolo , Slettebø Åshild 
Published: April 2015

Aims and objectivesThe aim of this article was to present and discuss findings on what individuals with dementia do by themselves to maintain or promote their dignity of identity when they live in a nursing home.BackgroundThe majority of residents living in Norwegian nursing homes suffer from dementia. Individuals who suffer from dementia are particularly vulnerable, and their dignity of identity is at risk. It is therefore of great importance to explore how we can maintain their dignity of identity.DesignThe study builds on a phenomenological and hermeneutic design.MethodsThe article reports three cases or life stories based on participant observation in two different nursing homes and interviews with five residents with dementia living in these nursing homes. Fifteen residents with dementia from these nursing home wards were included in the overall study.ResultsIndividuals with dementia living in nursing homes may use life storytelling or narratives to manage chaos and to find safety in their lives. Storytelling is also used as a way to present and maintain identity. We can see this as a way of maintaining dignity of identity or social dignity.ConclusionLife storytelling can be seen as an important way of preserving dignity for people with dementia. It is of great importance that health care professionals are open to and listen to the life stories people with dementia tell.Relevance to clinical practiceAs nurses we have an obligation to ensure that dignity is enhanced in care for people with dementia. Knowledge about how residents with dementia use life storytelling as a way to maintain dignity is therefore of great importance to health care workers in nursing homes.
Seafood inclusion in commercial main meal early years' food products
Authors: Carstairs Sharon A. , Marais Debbi , Craig Leone C. A. , Kiezebrink Kirsty 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSeafood consumption is recommended as part of a healthy, balanced diet. Under‐exposure to seafood during early years feeding, when taste and food acceptance is developed, may impact on the future development of a varied diet. This study aimed to investigate the availability and nutritional content of seafood in commercial infant meals compared to the other food types. A survey was conducted of all commercial infant main meal products available for purchase in supermarkets, high street retailers and online stores within the United Kingdom. The primary food type (seafood, poultry, meat and vegetables) within each product, nutritional composition per 100 g, and ingredient contribution were assessed. Of the original 341 main meal products seafood (n = 13; 3.8%) was underrepresented compared to poultry (103; 30.2%), meat (121; 35.5%) and vegetables (104; 30.5%). The number of the seafood meals increased three years later (n = 20; 6.3%) vegetable meals remained the largest contributor to the market (115; 36.4%) with meat (99; 31.3%) and poultry (82; 26.0%) both contributing slightly less than previously. Seafood‐based meals provided significantly higher energy (83.0 kcal), protein (4.6 g), and total fat (3.2 g) than vegetable (68 kcal, 2.7 g, 1.9 g), meat (66 kcal, 3.0 g, 2.1 g) and poultry‐based meals (66 kcal, 3.0 g, 2.1 g) and higher saturated fat (1.3 g) than poultry (0.4 g) and vegetable‐based (0.6 g) meals (all per 100 g) which may be attributed to additional dairy ingredients. Parents who predominantly use commercial products to wean their infant may face challenges in sourcing a range of seafood products to enable the introduction of this food into the diet of their infant.
What childhood obesity prevention programmes work? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Y. , Cai L. , Wu Y. , Wilson R. F. , Weston C. , Fawole O. , Bleich S. N. , Cheskin L. J. , Showell N. N. , Lau B. D. , Chiu D. T. , Zhang A. , Segal J. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryPrevious reviews of childhood obesity prevention have focused largely on schools and findings have been inconsistent. Funded by the US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the National Institutes of Health, we systematically evaluated the effectiveness of childhood obesity prevention programmes conducted in high‐income countries and implemented in various settings. We searched MEDLINE®, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL®, ClinicalTrials.gov and the Cochrane Library from inception through 22 April 2013 for relevant studies, including randomized controlled trials, quasi‐experimental studies and natural experiments, targeting diet, physical activity or both, and conducted in children aged 2–18 in high‐income countries. Two reviewers independently abstracted the data. The strength of evidence (SOE) supporting interventions was graded for each study setting (e.g. home, school). Meta‐analyses were performed on studies judged sufficiently similar and appropriate to pool using random effect models. This paper reported our findings on various adiposity‐related outcomes. We identified 147 articles (139 intervention studies) of which 115 studies were primarily school based, although other settings could have been involved. Most were conducted in the United States and within the past decade. SOE was high for physical activity‐only interventions delivered in schools with home involvement or combined diet–physical activity interventions delivered in schools with both home and community components. SOE was moderate for school‐based interventions targeting either diet or physical activity, combined interventions delivered in schools with home or community components or combined interventions delivered in the community with a school component. SOE was low for combined interventions in childcare or home settings. Evidence was insufficient for other interventions. In conclusion, at least moderately strong evidence supports the effectiveness of school‐based interventions for preventing childhood obesity. More research is needed to evaluate programmes in other settings or of other design types, especially environmental, policy and consumer health informatics‐oriented interventions.
Immunomodulatory pathways regulate expression of a spliced FKBP51 isoform in lymphocytes of melanoma patients
Authors: Romano Simona , D'Angelillo Anna , Staibano Stefania , Simeone Ester , D'Arrigo Paolo , Ascierto Paolo Antonio , Scalvenzi Massimiliano , Mascolo Massimo , Ilardi Gennaro , Merolla Francesco , Jovarauskaite Egle , Romano Maria Fiammetta 
Published: April 2015

SummaryFKBP51 (gene FKBP5) is an immunophilin capable of immunosuppression expressed in melanoma and lymphocytes. We found increased levels of a spliced FKBP5 variant in the PBMCs of 124 patients with melanoma. This variant encodes for an unknown isoform (FKBP51s). We hypothesized that FKBP51s resulted from tumour interaction with immune cells, through PDL‐1/PD‐1. To address this issue, we performed melanoma/PBMC cocultures. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry of 76 melanoma specimens served to investigate whether FKBP51s stained tumour infiltrating lymphocytes. Our results showed that PBMCs expressed FKBP51s when cocultured with melanoma. Tumour PDL‐1 knockdown or anti‐PD‐1 reduced FKBP51s expression in cocultured PBMCs. IHC showed a strong FKBP51s signal in tumour infiltrating lymphocytes, and lymphocytes of the invasion front of the tumour, along with melanoma PDL‐1 expression. When overexpressed in melanoma, FKBP51s facilitated PDL‐1 expression on the cell surface. In conclusion, our study shows that FKBP51s marks the PBMCs of patients with melanoma and is exploited by the tumour to immunomodulate through PDL‐1.
N‐β‐alanyldopamine metabolism, locomotor activity and sleep in Drosophila melanogaster ebony and tan mutants
Authors: Rossi Fabiana A. , Bochicchio Pablo A. , Quesada‐Allué Luis A. , Pérez Martín M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDrosophila melanogaster Meigen mutants for N‐β‐alanyldopamine (NBAD) metabolism have altered levels of NBAD, dopamine and other neurotransmitters. The ebony1 mutant strain has very low levels of NBAD and higher levels of dopamine, whereas the opposite situation is observed in the tan1 mutant. Dopamine is implicated in the control of movement, memory and arousal, as well as in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness in D. melanogaster. N‐β‐alanyldopamine, which is best known as a cuticle cross‐linking agent, is also present in nervous tissue and has been proposed to promote locomotor activity in this fly. The daily locomotor activity and the sleep patterns of ebony1 and tan1 mutants are analyzed, and are compared with wild‐type flies. The tan1 mutant shows reduced locomotor activity, whereas ebony1 shows higher levels of activity than wild‐type flies, suggesting that NBAD does not promote locomotor activity. Both mutants spend less time asleep than wild‐type flies during night‐time; ebony shows more consolidated activity during night‐time and increased sleep latency, whereas tan is unable to consolidate locomotor activity and sleep in either phase of the day. The daily level of NBAD‐synthase activity is measured in vitro using wild‐type and tan1 protein extracts, and the lowest NBAD synthesis is observed at the time of higher locomotor activity. The abnormalities in several parameters of the waking/sleep cycle indicate some dysfunction in the processes that regulates these behaviours in both mutants.
Hybrid Membrane of Agarose and Lanthanide Coordination Polymer: a Selective and Sensitive Fe3+ Sensor
Authors: Zheng Kai , Lou Kai‐Li , Zeng Cheng‐Hui , Li Sha‐Sha , Nie Zhi‐Wen , Zhong Shengliang 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA new hybrid membrane was prepared by a facile method based on a highly luminescent lanthanide coordination polymer and agarose. The soft membrane was characterized by FT‐IR, PXRD, SEM and luminescence. It is found that the soft membrane is a highly selective and sensitive sensor, among 19 metal ion solutions of Fe3+, Mg2+, Li+, Ca2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ba2+, Mn2+, Ru3+, Cr3+, Ag+, Sr2+, Cd2+, Na+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Fe2+, Hg2+ and Ca2+, only Fe3+ quench the luminescence. The sensing results can be distinguished by the naked eye in daylight or by irradiation of a portable UV light at the scene. Mechanism studies reveal the sensing is due to the decomposition of the coordination polymer 1 which induced by slow permeation of Fe3+. Further studies found anions of , , , Br−, Cl−, , , I−, and will not quench the luminescence of the hybrid membrane, which imply that other anions in water would not disturb the detection result.