bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Merging Gold and Organocatalysis: A Facile Asymmetric Synthesis of Annulated Pyrroles.
Authors: Hack Daniel , Loh Charles C. J. , Hartmann Jan M. , Raabe Gerhard , Enders Dieter 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA new and mild method to prepare optically active seven‐membered‐ring‐annulated pyrroles is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Photophysical, and Electrochemical Properties of 2,5‐Diaryl‐indolizines.
Authors: Amaral Monica F. Z. J. , Deliberto Laila A. , de Souza Camila R. , Naal Rose M. Z. G. , Naal Zeki , Clososki Giuliano C. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractPd‐catalyzed cross coupling of organozinc reagents prepared from 2‐arylindolizines with aromatic halides affords 2,5‐diarylindolizines in good yields
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Novel 3,10‐Di‐3‐methyl‐5‐ [(E)‐2‐aryl‐1‐ethenyl]‐4‐isoxazolyl‐4,9‐diaryl‐2,3,4,9,10,11‐hexahydro [1,3]oxazino[6′,5′:3,4]naphtho[1,2‐e][1,3]oxazines.
Authors: Rajanarendar E. , Nagaraju D. , Ramakrishna S. , Kishore B. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract9 Title compounds of type (VI) are prepared and screened for their antimicrobial activities.
ChemInform Abstract: An Aluminophosphate Molecular Sieve with 36 Crystallographically Distinct Tetrahedral Sites.
Authors: Lee Jun Kyu , Turrina Alessandro , Zhu Liangkui , Seo Seungwan , Zhang Daliang , Cox Paul A. , Wright Paul A. , Qiu Shilun , Hong Suk Bong 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA new medium‐pore aluminophosphate molecular sieve, [Al72P72O288] (PST‐6), is synthesized from a mixture of NHEt2, Al2O3, P2O5 and H2O (2:1:1:40; autoclave, 200 °C, 5 d) followed by calcination under flowing air at 550 °C for 8 h.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal‐catalyzed Oxidative Double Bond Cleavage of Simple and Bio‐Derived Alkenes and Unsaturated Fatty Acids
Authors: Spannring Peter , Bruijnincx Pieter C. A. , Weckhuysen Bert. M. , Klein Gebbink Robertus J. M. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractReview: 129 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Tailoring of Deep‐Red Luminescence in Ca2SiO4:Eu2+.
Authors: Sato Yasushi , Kato Hideki , Kobayashi Makoto , Masaki Takaki , Yoon Dae‐Ho , Kakihana Masato 
Published: September 2014

AbstractPolycrystalline Ca2‐xEuxSiO4 powders (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) are synthesized by solid state reaction of CaCO3, Eu2O3, and SiO2, which are calcined at 800—1100 °C in air for 6—12 h.
ChemInform Abstract: Searching for “LiCrIIPO4”.
Authors: Mosymow E. , Glaum R. , Kremer R. K. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe new compounds LiCrII4(PO4)3 (I) and Li5CrII2CrIII (PO4)4 (II) in the Li/Cr/P/O system are prepared from stoichiometric mixtures of Li3PO4, CrPO4, and Cr using iodine as mineralizer (sealed silica tubes, 800 °C, 7 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Two Quaternary Uranium Tellurides, RbTiU3Te9 and CsTiU3Te9.
Authors: Ward Matthew D. , Mesbah Adel , Lee Minseong , Malliakas Christos D. , Choi Eun Sang , Ibers James A. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBlack crystals of the title compounds are prepared by solid state reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Cation Exchange in a 3D Perovskite — Synthesis of Ni0.5TaO3.
Authors: Amano Patino Midori , Smith Thomas , Zhang Weiguo , Halasyamani P. Shiv , Hayward Michael A. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe metastable title phase is prepared via a topochemical nickel‐for‐sodium cation exchange by reaction of NiCl2 with NaTaO3 (obtained from Na2CO3 and Ta2O5 at 1000 °C for 48 h) at 500 °C.
ChemInform Abstract: Dual Visible Light Photoredox and Gold‐Catalyzed Arylative Ring Expansion.
Authors: Shu Xing‐zhong , Zhang Miao , He Ying , Frei Heinz , Toste F. Dean 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA tandem ring expansion/oxidation arylation reaction of small sized ring substituted alkenes and allenes are developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Reusable Oxidation Catalysis Using Metal‐Monocatecholato Species in a Robust Metal—Organic Framework.
Authors: Fei Honghan , Shin JaeWook , Meng Ying Shirley , Adelhardt Mario , Sutter Joerg , Meyer Karsten , Cohen Seth M. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractUiO‐66 metal‐organic framework, modified with catechol‐substructures and metalated with Cr provides an efficient, completely recyclable and reusable catalyst for oxidation of alcohols to ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Thio‐Michael—Aldol—Cyclization Cascade of N‐Enoyl Thiazolidinethiones with Aliphatic Aldehydes and Cyclic Ketones.
Authors: Rivas Veronica M. , Munive Laura , Olivo Horacio F. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractCascade reaction provides 9‐oxa‐2,10‐dithia‐5‐azatricyclo[5.2.2.01,5]undecan‐6‐ones with high diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Chelation‐Assisted C—H Bond Halogenation: Selective Chlorination of 2‐Arylpyridines with Acid Chlorides.
Authors: Jafarpour Farnaz , Hazrati Hamideh , Zarei Samaneh , Izadidana Sara 
Published: September 2014

AbstractRegioselective monochlorination of phenylpyridine is carried out with acid chlorides as a safe halogen source.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Alkyl Transfer from Phosphonium Ylides to Functionalized Polyfluoroarenes.
Authors: Lu Wei , Gao Juan , Yang Jing‐Kui , Liu Lei , Zhao Yuliang , Wu Hai‐Chen 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe regioselective alkyl transfer reaction is further applied in the synthesis of the pesticide tefluthrin (XII).
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Arylation of Unactivated C(sp3)—H Bonds with Aryl Bromides Enabled by 8‐Aminoquinoline Auxiliary.
Authors: Wei Yu , Tang Huarong , Cong Xuefeng , Rao Bin , Wu Chao , Zeng Xiaoming 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe title reaction is promoted by a crucial 8‐aminoquinolinyl directing group and a K2CO3 base, enabling regiospecific arylation at the β‐position of carboxamides.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Step Stereoselective Synthesis of (2Z,4Z,6Z,8Z)‐Decatetraene Diketone from Pyrylium Salts.
Authors: Yang Lijian , Ye Junwei , Gao Yuan , Deng Dai , Lin Yuan , Ning Guiling 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTreatment of α‐active pyrylium salts like (Ia), (Ib), and (III) as well as the pentaphenyl analogue (Ic) with Mg results in facile, stereoselective formation of title diketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Alkynylation of N‐Vinylacetamides.
Authors: Xu Yun‐He , Zhang Qiu‐Chi , He Tao , Meng Fei‐Fan , Loh Teck‐Peng 
Published: September 2014

AbstractVarious N‐vinylacetamides undergo Pd‐catalyzed coupling with bromoalkyne (II) to afford the corresponding alkynylated products in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Organocatalytic Enantioselective Michael—Michael—Aldol—Henry Reaction Cascade. A Facile Entry to the Steroid System with Six Contiguous Stereogenic Centers.
Authors: Jhuo Dai‐Huei , Hong Bor‐Cherng , Chang Chun‐Wei , Lee Gene‐Hsiang 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA double Michael reaction of the α,β‐unsaturated aldehyde (I) with the unsaturated ketones produces a diastereomeric mixture of bicyclic nitroketones (III), which can be converted by subsequent Aldol/Henry reaction cascade to steroid type products (IV) in a one‐pot manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Parallel Synthesis of Benzofuran‐2‐carboxamide Derivatives Bearing Antiinflammatory, Analgesic and Antipyretic Agents.
Authors: Xie Yong‐Sheng , Kumar Deepak , Bodduri V.D. Vijaykumar , Tarani P. Srivastava , Zhao Bao‐Xiang , Miao Jun‐Ying , Jang Kiwan , Shin Dong‐Soo 
Published: September 2014

AbstractMicrowave assisted reactions of 2‐acylphenols and 2‐chloroacetyl amines allow the synthesis of the title species via an O‐alkylation/Knoevenagel condensation sequence in a one‐pot manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed C—H Homocoupling of Furans and Thiophenes Using Oxygen as the Oxidant.
Authors: Li Na‐Na , Zhang Yan‐Lei , Mao Shuai , Gao Ya‐Ru , Guo Dong‐Dong , Wang Yong‐Qiang 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe novel protocol allows the highly regioselective synthesis of bifurans and bithiophenes in moderate to good yields under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrroloindolone Synthesis via a Cp*CoIII‐Catalyzed Redox‐Neutral Directed C—H Alkenylation/Annulation Sequence.
Authors: Ikemoto Hideya , Yoshino Tatsuhiko , Sakata Ken , Matsunaga Shigeki , Kanai Motomu 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe reactivity of a Cp*CoIII catalyst is compared with related Cp*RhIII catalysts (not shown).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Homo‐1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of Azomethine Ylides: Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Synthesis of Imidazolidines.
Authors: Zhu Ren‐Yi , Wang Cong‐Shuai , Jiang Fei , Shi Feng , Tu Shu‐Jiang 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAzomethine ylides undergo cycloadditions via SPINOL‐derived chiral phosphoric acid‐catalyzed pseudo four‐component reactions of aldehydes and aminomalonates, resulting in the stereoselective construction of chiral imidazolidine scaffolds with two stereogenic centers.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Ruthenium‐Catalyzed 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions Between C‐Carboalkoxy Ketonitrones and Methacrolein: Solvent Effect on Reaction Selectivity and Its Rational.
Authors: Selim Khalid B. , Martel Arnaud , Laurent Mathieu Y. , Lhoste Jerome , Py Sandrine , Dujardin Gilles 
Published: September 2014

AbstractIn the presence of the Ru catalyst (RUC), ketonitrones of type (I) are found to react with methacrolein with high regio‐, diastereo‐, and enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: ZnCl2 Catalyzed Efficient Synthesis of 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole and 1,3,4‐Thiadiazole.
Authors: Rahman Md. A. , Karim Mohammad R. , Arifuzzaman Md. , Siddiquee Tasneem A. , Mirza Aminul H. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractZnCl2‐mediated cyclization of dithiocarbamtes provides thiadiazoles whereas in the presence of a base of oxadiazole derivatives are formed.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc Iodide: A Mild and Efficient Catalyst for One‐Pot Synthesis of Aminoindolizines via Sequential A3 Coupling/Cycloisomerization.
Authors: Mishra Subhajit , Bagdi Avik Kumar , Ghosh Monoranjan , Sinha Subrata , Hajra Alakananda 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe title compounds (IV) are obtained by three‐component coupling of pyridine‐2‐carboxaldehyde/quinoline‐2‐carboxaldehyde (I), secondary amines (III), and terminal alkynes (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Oxidative Synthesis of N‐Heterocycles from Primary Alcohols.
Authors: Zhao Dan , Zhou Yu‐Ren , Shen Qi , Li Jian‐Xin 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAn environmentally‐benign, iron‐catalyzed one‐pot, one‐step synthesis of N‐heterocycles via cyclization of various primary alcohols (II) with o‐aminobenzamide (I), o‐aminobenzylamine (IV), or o‐aminobenzenesulfonamide (VI) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2,3‐Unsaturated Glycosides and Disaccharides via Ruthenium(III) Chloride Catalyzed Ferrier Glycosylation.
Authors: Srinivas Batthula , Narasimha Gundeboina , Radha Krishna Palakodety , Kashyap Sudhir 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe glycal donor reacts smoothly with several acceptors comprising different functionalities to provide unsaturated glycosides, disaccharides, and amino acid glycoconjugates in good to high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrochemical Access to 8‐(1‐Phenyl‐ethyl)‐1,4‐dioxa‐8‐aza‐spiro[4.5]decane‐7‐carbonitrile. Application to the Asymmetric Syntheses of (+)‐Myrtine and Alkaloid (+)‐241D.
Authors: Vu Van Ha , Louafi Fadila , Girard Nicolas , Marion Ronan , Roisnel Thierry , Dorcet Vincent , Hurvois Jean‐Pierre 
Published: September 2014

AbstractElectrochemical cyanation of the piperidine (I) allows effective synthesis of the α‐amino nitrile (III).
Synthesis of Porous Inorganic Hollow Fibers without Harmful Solvents
Authors: Shukla Sushumna , de Wit Patrick , Luiten‐Olieman Mieke W. J. , Kappert Emiel J. , Nijmeijer Arian , Benes Nieck E. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA route for the fabrication of porous inorganic hollow fibers with high surface‐area‐to‐volume ratio that avoids harmful solvents is presented. The approach is based on bio‐ionic gelation of an aqueous mixture of inorganic particles and sodium alginate during wet spinning. In a subsequent thermal treatment, the bio‐organic material is removed and the inorganic particles are sintered. The method is applicable to the fabrication of various inorganic fibers, including metals and ceramics. The route completely avoids the use of organic solvents, such as N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone, and additives associated with the currently used fiber fabrication methods. In addition, it inherently avoids the manifestation of so‐called macro voids and allows the facile incorporation of additional metal oxides in the inorganic hollow fibers.
Positive effects of GLP‐1 receptor activation with liraglutide on pancreatic islet morphology and metabolic control in C57BL/KsJ db/db mice with degenerative diabetes
Authors: Moffett Rachel Charlotte , Patterson Steven , Irwin Nigel , Flatt Peter R. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundStable glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) mimetics, such as the GLP‐1 analogue liraglutide, are approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes. GLP‐1 has a spectrum of anti‐diabetic effects that are of possible utility in the treatment of more severe forms of diabetes.MethodsThe present study has evaluated the effect of once daily liraglutide injection (25 nmol/kg bw) for 15 days on metabolic control, islet architecture, and islet morphology in C57BL/KsJ db/db mice.ResultsLiraglutide had no appreciable effects on body weight, food intake, and non‐fasting glucose and insulin concentrations. However, HbA1c was significantly (p < 0.001) decreased, and oral glucose tolerance improved in liraglutide treated db/db mice. Pancreatic insulin content was increased (p < 0.05) compared with saline controls, and the ratio of pancreatic insulin to glucagon in liraglutide mice was similar to lean mice. Although liraglutide did not alter islet number or area, the proportion of beta cells per islet was significantly increased (p < 0.05) and alpha cells decreased (p < 0.05), with normalization of islet architecture. In harmony with this, cell proliferation was significantly (p < 0.001) augmented and apoptosis reduced (p < 0.001) in liraglutide treated mice. Expression of pancreatic islet glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide immunoreactivity was observed in lean control and, particularly, liraglutide treated db/db mice, whereas control db/db mice exhibited little glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide staining.ConclusionThese data reveal that stable GLP‐1 analogues exert important beneficial effects on pancreatic islet architecture and beta‐cell turnover, indicating that they may be useful in the treatment of severe forms of diabetes with islet degeneration. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metamorphosis in solitary ascidians
Authors: Karaiskou Anthi , Swalla Billie J. , Sasakura Yasunori , Chambon Jean‐Philippe 
Published: September 2014

SummaryEmbryonic and postembryonic development in ascidians have been studied for over a century, but it is only in the last 10 years that the complex molecular network involved in coordinating postlarval development and metamorphosis has started to emerge. In most ascidians, the transition from the larval to the sessile juvenile/adult stage, or metamorphosis, requires a combination of environmental and endogenous signals and is characterized by coordinated global morphogenetic changes that are initiated by the adhesion of the larvae. Cloney was the first to describe cellular events of ascidians' metamorphosis in 1978 and only recently elements of the molecular regulation of this crucial developmental step have been revealed. This review aims to present a thorough view of this crucial developmental step by combining recent molecular data to the already established cellular events. genesis 53:34–47, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hydro‐climatic variability and perturbations in Mexico's north‐western temperate forests
Authors: Návar José 
Published: September 2014

AbstractClimate variability and/or change control/s the local hydrologic cycle and consequently forest perturbations such as wildfires and bark beetle outbreaks. This case study addresses the following concerns: (a) the long‐term trends in precipitation, potential and actual evapotranspiration, run‐off, soil moisture content, number of wildfires, burned area, and bark beetle outbreaks and (b) the manner in which the fire occurrence, fire size, and beetle outbreaks are related to these hydrologic variables and multi‐decadal climate indices in Mexico's north‐western temperate forests. Using the daily measurements of precipitation and evaporation as well as the modelled interception loss and evapotranspiration, run‐off and soil moisture content were computed using a mass balance budget model. Mann–Kendall, linear regression, and autoregressive integrated moving averaging techniques were used to evaluate the statistical significance of monotonic trends on the first momentum for the monthly and annual time series of hydro‐climate (1945–2007), forest wildfire (1970–2012), and bark beetle infestation (1999–2012) data. The statistical analysis showed time series to be stationary in the first momentum. Recent wildfires and bark beetle population eruptions are associated with low modelled dry season soil moisture over several years. Drought spells, frosts, and pulses of high area burned, and high number of wildfires preceded acute discrete bark beetle population eruptions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rationalizing and Disrupting Fluxional Processes in Agostically Stabilized 14‐Electron Alkyliridium Hydride Complexes
Authors: Phillips Nicholas , Treasure Lucinda , Rees Nicholas H. , Tirfoin Rémi , McGrady John E. , Aldridge Simon 
Published: September 2014

AbstractWe have investigated the fundamental patterns of reactivity for the cationic IrIII complexes [(6‐Mes)(6‐Mes′)Ir(H)]+ and [(7‐Mes)(7‐Mes′)Ir(H)]+ [6‐Mes, 7‐Mes = ring‐expanded N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, ′ indicates that NHC is tethered through an iridium‐bound CH2 group], each of which undergoes degenerate fluxional exchange between an iridium‐bound agostic C–H bond and the discrete alkyl/hydride ligands resulting from C–H activation. A comparison between the activation parameters ΔH‡ and ΔS‡ determined by variable‐temperature NMR (VT‐NMR) spectroscopy line‐shape analysis and those obtained from DFT calculations on model systems offers a basis to discriminate between different possible exchange mechanisms, and an oxidative addition pathway gives the lowest barrier and also the best agreement between experiment and theory. The addition of neutral Lewis base donors to [(6‐Mes)(6‐Mes′)Ir(H)]+ resulted in the displacement of the weak agostic C–H···Ir interaction and the generation of static (alkyl)iridium(III) hydride complexes such as [(6‐Mes)(6‐Mes′)Ir(H)(CNtBu)2]+. The analogous carbonyl complex is more labile, with the enhanced π‐acceptor properties of the ancillary ligands leading to C–H reductive elimination and to the formation of the IrI complex [(6‐Mes)2Ir(CO)2]+, which incorporates unactivated NHC donors and has the ability to reversibly take up H2.
Sulfate Encapsulation in Supramolecular Structures from L‐Asparagine‐Derived 2,5‐Diketopiperazine Scaffolds: Anion Binding
Authors: Naini Santhosh Reddy , Lalancette Roger A. , Gorlova Olga , Ramakrishna Kallaganti V. S. , Yadav Jhillu Singh , Ranganathan Subramania 
Published: September 2014

AbstractWe report a new sulfate receptor, anchored onto 2,5‐diketopiperazine units, which results in the formation of two types of supramolecules; one in which the sulfate ion guest fits snugly into extended cavities and the other in which the guest is sandwiched between layers. In each case, the anion is held by six hydrogen bonds from the host. 1H NMR spectroscopic solution studies enabled the construction of Job plots, and calculation of stoichiometry and association constants. These findings are of possible significance in drug design and for construction of combinatorial libraries.
Hypervigilance for innocuous tactile stimuli in patients with fibromyalgia: An experimental approach
Authors: Van Damme S. , Van Hulle L. , Spence C. , Devulder J. , Brusselmans G. , Crombez G. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundHypervigilance, i.e., excessive attention, is often invoked as a potential explanation for the observation that many individuals with fibromyalgia show a heightened sensitivity to stimulation in various sensory modalities, such as touch and hearing. Compelling evidence for this assumption is, however, lacking. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of somatosensory hypervigilance in patients with fibromyalgia.MethodsFibromyalgia patients (n = 41) and a matched control group (n = 40) performed a tactile change detection task in which they had to detect whether there was a change between two consecutively presented patterns of tactile stimuli presented to various body locations. The task was performed under two conditions: in the unpredictable condition, tactile changes occurred equally often at all possible body locations; in the predictable condition, the majority of tactile changes occurred at one specific body location.ResultsIt was hypothesized that the fibromyalgia group would show better tactile change detection in the unpredictable condition and when changes ocurred at unexpected locations in the predictable condition. The results did not support this hypothesis. In neither condition was the fibromyalgia group better than the control group in detecting tactile changes.ConclusionsNo evidence was found to support the claim that patients with fibromyalgia display somatosensory hypervigilance. This finding challenges the idea of hypervigilance as a static feature of fibromyalgia and urges for a more dynamic view in which hypervigilance emerges in situations when bodily threat is experienced.
Too tired to taint the truth: Ego‐depletion reduces other‐benefiting dishonesty
Authors: Cantarero Katarzyna , van Tilburg Wijnand A. P. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractNumerous studies indicate that ego‐depletion increases the occurrence of self‐benefiting dishonest behavior by undermining resistance to short‐term temptations associated with dishonesty. Turning this phenomenon around, we examined whether ego‐depletion can, counterintuitively, reduce dishonest behavior in a context where dishonesty serves to benefit others. Specifically, based on the notion that ego‐depletion reduces commitment to long‐term/abstract goals and interferes with self‐control, we proposed and found in an experiment that ego‐depleted people are less likely to display dishonest behavior that spares another person from an unpleasant truth. These findings have implications for the study of dishonesty and moral dilemmas in interpersonal settings. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Challenges and prospects of food science and technology education: Nepal's perspective
Authors: Gartaula Ghanendra , Adhikari Bhaskar Mani 
Published: September 2014

AbstractFood science and technology education has been running since four decades in Nepal. There is a very slow improvement in the profession. The job opportunities have always been threatened by insiders and outsiders. Academic institutions, government agencies, and food industries themselves are responsible for the quality of food science professionals. Novel and practical methods of teaching should be followed. The government and private organizations should facilitate the recruitment of food technologists. Constant prodding needs to be done for the establishment of a Council with more authority that could monitor all bodies associated with food science professionals.