bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modernity and inter‐imperiality: Rethinking social theory in East Asia
Authors: Chen Hon‐Fai 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper aims to contribute to global social theory by contextualizing modernity/coloniality in East Asia. It begins with a reconstruction and evaluation of three sociological accounts of East Asian modernity, namely Kazuko Tsurumi's theory of endogenous development, Sun Liping's theory of communist civilization, and Chang Kyung Sup's theory of compressed modernity. Despite their insights, these theorists fail to transcend the Eurocentrism and methodological nationalism implicit in the paradigm of latecomer modernization. These problems can be better addressed by anti‐colonial perspectives, including Tani Barlow's colonial modernity, Chen Kuan‐Hsing's inter‐Asia, Xie Lizhong's post‐Western sociology, and Wang Mingming's civilizational anthropology. Yet European hegemony continues to define the spatiotemporal frame of these perspectives. To overcome the lingering problem of Eurocentrism, Laura Doyle's notion of inter‐imperiality is employed to highlight the power‐laden interaction and interdependence among imperial powers in the global and regional history of East Asia. This alternative approach, I argue, can shed new light on East Asian modernity and delineate its dialectical formation.
Determinants of diarrheal disease in children undergoing complementary feeding in a low‐income urban setting in Kenya
Authors: Okeyo Frida Adhiambo , Nyang'echi Edna , Guyah Bernard 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to identify and characterise the determinants influencing the occurrence of diarrheal diseases in children aged 6–24 months undergoing complementary feeding within a low‐income urban community in Kenya.MethodsThis study followed a cross‐sectional design and recruited caregivers of children aged 6–24 months from 302 households. The dependent variable was the 2‐week diarrhoea prevalence among children, with independent variables including sociodemographic characteristics, child immunisation and feeding status, and water and sanitation facilities. Data analysis was performed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were used to assess associations between independent variables and the occurrence of diarrheal diseases.ResultsThe majority of caregivers were female (n = 282, 93.4%), aged 25–34 years (n = 156, 51.7%), had attained secondary school education (n = 154, 51%), were unemployed (n = 162, 53.6%), and earned Ksh 10,000 (USD 100) or less. 296 (98%) indexed children were fully vaccinated against rotavirus. Most households used improved drinking water sources (n = 272, 90.1%). Most caregivers did not regularly wash their hands with soap and water (n = 225, 74.5%). The 2‐week diarrhoea prevalence among children was 34.1% (103/302), with 69.9% (72/103) of these cases seeking care at a healthcare facility. Logistic regression analysis revealed that children of caregivers earning Ksh 20,000 and below (aOR = 2.9[1.3–6.5], p = 0.01), and those from households using unimproved sanitation facilities (aOR = 1.9 [CI 1–3.4], p = 0.042), had significantly higher odds of having diarrhoea.ConclusionThe study found a high prevalence of diarrhoea in Kenyan children aged 6–24 months, with caregiver income and household sanitation facilities significantly impacting the occurrence of the disease. The study suggests integrated approaches, including education, income generation, hygiene, and improved nutrition, to address the burden of diarrheal disease.
Mechanical Behavior of Buried HDPE Pipe Subjected to Surface Load: Constitutive Modeling and Finite Element Method Simulations
Authors: Wang Junqiang , Zha Sixi , Wang Yang , Zhang Ping , Lan Hui-Qing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the Sherwood–Frost constitutive model was first used to simulate the stress response and deformation process of buried high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe subjected to surface load, where parameters in this model were obtained by fitting the results of uniaxial tensile tests with different rates and the pipe–soil model was conducted in abaqus. Apparent stress concentration and large deformation are observed in pipe cross section and are closely related to the magnitude and location of surface load. The increments of surface load and offset displacement have opposite effects on the mechanical behavior of pipes. Additionally, the location of the maximum stress appears to shift from the top or bottom to the left and right sides of the pipe cross section with the increment of surface load, and the region of peak hoop stress will show a decreasing trend of counterclockwise rotation. Then, based on stress failure criterion, the relationship between the ultimate bearing capacity of the pipe and the offset displacement was determined, which decided by the angle between the ground and the line connecting load center and cross section center of pipe. Finally, an offset of 0.6 m is a value of interest. When the offset between the load position and the pipe exceeds 0.6 m, the ultimate bearing capacity of the pipe will increase significantly with the increase of the offset. The results of the above research could provide the reference for the safety evaluation and maintenance strategy of gas polyethylene pipe under the surface load.
Accuracy of Steady Pneumatic Probes in Unsteady Turbomachinery Flows
Authors: Widera Tim Sebastian , Patzer Bastian , Behre Stephan , Jeschke Peter 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study shows that no additional measurement error due to unsteadiness was detected, when measuring in periodic turbomachinery flows at frequencies up to 5 kHz with steady, pneumatic probes. An experiment was designed, which consisted of abstracted rotors placed in the jet of a freestream wind tunnel. Five steady and unsteady probes were compared in the periodic, turbomachinery-like wakes at Mach numbers up to 0.8. The impacts of unsteadiness, probe head size and shape, and distance between probe and rotor were systematically investigated at up to 90 operating points. Within the limits imposed by unsteady pressure transducers, the experiments demonstrated the absence of a frequency-dependent effect on the measurements by comparing the time-averaged measurements of identically shaped steady and unsteady probes. Measurements with hemispherical five-hole probes of two sizes and kielhead probes at the same location deviated significantly due to different interaction with the upstream rotor. Distance variations between probe and rotor showed that each combination of probe and flow should be evaluated individually. The study concludes that pneumatic probes offer a reasonable means to measure the mean flow downstream of a rotor, accurately reproducing time-averaged values. However, careful individual evaluation of probes is essential to minimize measurement uncertainty.
Enhanced Boiling of Saturated Water Over 2 × 3 AISI 304 Tube Bundles Coated With Diamond-Like Carbon for Two-Phase Heat Exchanger Applications
Authors: Laskar Niloy , Moharana Subhakanta , Das Mihir K. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study aims to address the endeavor of the research community to improve the two-phase heat transfer (HT) characteristics of AISI-304 tubes with low thermal conductivity. This is achieved by applying diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating over the smooth tube using PVD techniques. This article specifically examines the pool and flow boiling HT phenomena of distilled water over a 2 × 3 tube bundle (TB) coated with DLC and is compared with respect to a conventional smooth TB. The experimental wall superheat and heat transfer coefficients (HTC) of both smooth and coated TB are analyzed for a range of mass flux [20–100 kg/(m2s)], heat fluxes [15–75 kW/m2], and pitch-to-diameter ratio (P/D) [1.25, 1.6, and 1.95]. The findings show that the DLC-coated TB results in higher HTC than the smooth TB. The DLC-coated tubes have higher wettability, which facilitates the flooding of the nano-and micropores, leading to enhanced HT performance of TB. In particular, the DLC-coated TB showed a 40% increase in HTC at the lowest P/D in pool boiling mode and a 34% increase in flow boiling mode at the highest P/D. This clearly shows a distinctive feature of DLC-coated TB where the enhanced HT performance in pool and flow boiling modes occurred in the reverse arrangement of P/D. The qualitative study behind the better HT ability of DLC-coated TB is done through high-speed image visualization. The study can help to implement DLC-coated TB in two-phase heat exchangers as its excellent corrosion resistance and antifouling properties are well established.
H-NS involved in positive regulation of glycerol dehydratase gene expression in
Klebsiella pneumoniae
2e
Authors: Li Le , Li Qiang , Xiao Yuting , Ma Jiangshan , Liu Gao-Qiang 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Glycerol dehydratase is the key and rate-limiting enzyme in the 1,3-propanediol synthesis pathway of
Klebsiella pneumoniae
, which determined the producing rate and yield of 1,3-propanediol. However, the expression regulation mechanism of glycerol dehydratase gene
dhaB
remains poorly unknown. In this study, a histone-like nucleoid-structuring (H-NS) protein was identified and characterized as the positive transcription regulator for
dhaB
expression in
K. pneumoniae
2e, which exhibited high tolerance against crude glycerol in our previous study. Deletion of
hns
gene significantly decreased the transcription level of
dhaB
in
K. pneumoniae
2e, which led to a remarkable defect on strain growth, glycerol dehydratase activity, and 3-hydroxypropanal production during glycerol fermentation. The transcription level of
dhaB
was significantly up-regulated in crude glycerol relative to pure glycerol, while the inactivation of H-NS resulted in more negative effect for transcription level of
dhaB
in the former. Though the H-NS expression level was almost comparable in both substrates, its multimer state was reduced in crude glycerol relative to pure glycerol, suggesting that the oligomerization state of H-NS might have contributed for positive regulation of
dhaB
expression. Furthermore, electrophoretic mobility shift and DNase I footprinting assays showed that H-NS could directly bind to the upstream promoter region of
dhaB
by recognizing the AT-rich region. These findings provided new insight into the transcriptional regulation mechanism of H-NS for glycerol dehydratase expression in
K. pneumoniae
, which might offer new target for engineering bacteria to industrially produce 1,3-propanediol.

IMPORTANCE

The biological production of 1,3-propanediol from glycerol by microbial fermentation shows great promising prospect on industrial application. Glycerol dehydratase catalyzes the penultimate step in glycerol metabolism and is regarded as one of the key and rate-limiting enzymes for 1,3-propanediol production. H-NS was reported as a pleiotropic modulator with negative effects on gene expression in most studies. Here, we reported for the first time that the expression of glycerol dehydratase gene is positively regulated by the H-NS. The results provide insight into a novel molecular mechanism of H-NS for positive regulation of glycerol dehydratase gene expression in
K. pneumoniae
, which holds promising potential for facilitating construction of engineering highly efficient 1,3-propanediol-producing strains.
Activated sludge microbial community assembly: the role of influent microbial community immigration
Authors: Gibson Claire , Jauffur Shameem , Guo Bing , Frigon Dominic 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are host to diverse microbial communities and receive a constant influx of microbes from influent wastewater. However, the impact of immigrants on the structure and activities of the activated sludge (AS) microbial community remains unclear. To gain insight on this phenomenon known as perpetual community coalescence, the current study utilized controlled manipulative experiments that decoupled the influent wastewater composition from the microbial populations to reveal the fundamental mechanisms involved in immigration between sewers and AS-WWTP. The immigration dynamics of heterotrophs were analyzed by harvesting wastewater biomass solids from three different sewer systems and adding to synthetic wastewater. Immigrating influent populations were observed to contribute up to 14% of the sequencing reads in the AS. By modeling the net growth rate of taxa, it was revealed that immigrants primarily exhibited low or negative net growth rates. By developing a protocol to reproducibly grow AS-WWTP communities in the lab, we have laid down the foundational principles for the testing of operational factors creating community variations with low noise and appropriate replication. Understanding the processes that drive microbial community diversity and assembly is a key question in microbial ecology. In the future, this knowledge can be used to manipulate the structure of microbial communities and improve system performance in WWTPs.

IMPORTANCE
In biological wastewater treatment processes, the microbial community composition is essential in the performance and stability of the system. This study developed a reproducible protocol to investigate the impact of influent immigration (or perpetual coalescence of the sewer and activated sludge communities) with appropriate reproducibility and controls, allowing intrinsic definitions of core and immigrant populations to be established. The method developed herein will allow sequential manipulative experiments to be performed to test specific hypothesis and optimize wastewater treatment processes to meet new treatment goals.
Highly divergent and diverse viral community infecting sylvatic mosquitoes from Northeast Brazil
Authors: da Silva Alexandre Freitas , Machado Laís Ceschini , da Silva Luisa Maria Inácio , Dezordi Filipe Zimmer , Wallau Gabriel Luz 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Mosquitoes can transmit several pathogenic viruses to humans, but their natural viral community is also composed of a myriad of other viruses such as insect-specific viruses (ISVs) and those that infect symbiotic microorganisms. Besides a growing number of studies investigating the mosquito virome, the majority are focused on few urban species, and relatively little is known about the virome of sylvatic mosquitoes, particularly in high biodiverse biomes such as the Brazilian biomes. Here, we characterized the RNA virome of 10 sylvatic mosquito species from Atlantic forest remains at a sylvatic–urban interface in Northeast Brazil employing a metatranscriptomic approach. A total of 16 viral families were detected. The phylogenetic reconstructions of 14 viral families revealed that the majority of the sequences are putative ISVs. The phylogenetic positioning and, in most cases, the association with a high RNA-dependent RNA polymerase amino acid divergence from other known viruses suggests that the viruses characterized here represent at least 34 new viral species. Therefore, the sylvatic mosquito viral community is predominantly composed of highly divergent viruses highlighting the limited knowledge we still have about the natural virome of mosquitoes in general. Moreover, we found that none of the viruses recovered were shared between the species investigated, and only one showed high identity to a virus detected in a mosquito sampled in Peru, South America. These findings add further in-depth understanding about the interactions and coevolution between mosquitoes and viruses in natural environments.

IMPORTANCE
Mosquitoes are medically important insects as they transmit pathogenic viruses to humans and animals during blood feeding. However, their natural microbiota is also composed of a diverse set of viruses that cause no harm to the insect and other hosts, such as insect-specific viruses. In this study, we characterized the RNA virome of sylvatic mosquitoes from Northeast Brazil using unbiased metatranscriptomic sequencing and in-depth bioinformatic approaches. Our analysis revealed that these mosquitoes species harbor a diverse set of highly divergent viruses, and the majority comprises new viral species. Our findings revealed many new virus lineages characterized for the first time broadening our understanding about the natural interaction between mosquitoes and viruses. Finally, it also provided several complete genomes that warrant further assessment for mosquito and vertebrate host pathogenicity and their potential interference with pathogenic arboviruses.
Evolutionary trajectory for nuclear functions of ciliary transport complex proteins
Authors: Ewerling Alexander , May-Simera Helen Louise 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARY

Cilia and the nucleus were two defining features of the last eukaryotic common ancestor. In early eukaryotic evolution, these structures evolved through the diversification of a common membrane-coating ancestor, the protocoatomer. While in cilia, the descendants of this protein complex evolved into parts of the intraflagellar transport complexes and BBSome, the nucleus gained its selectivity by recruiting protocoatomer-like proteins to the nuclear envelope to form the selective nuclear pore complexes. Recent studies show a growing number of proteins shared between the proteomes of the respective organelles, and it is currently unknown how ciliary transport proteins could acquire nuclear functions and
vice versa
. The nuclear functions of ciliary proteins are still observable today and remain relevant for the understanding of the disease mechanisms behind ciliopathies. In this work, we review the evolutionary history of cilia and nucleus and their respective defining proteins and integrate current knowledge into theories for early eukaryotic evolution. We postulate a scenario where both compartments co-evolved and that fits current models of eukaryotic evolution, explaining how ciliary proteins and nucleoporins acquired their dual functions.
Mantle structure, anisotropy, and dynamics of the Mendocino Triple Junction, northern California, USA
Authors: Yang Ziqiang , Zhao Dapeng , Dong Yunpeng , Cheng Bin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We determined a detailed 3-D model of P-wave anisotropic tomography of the crust and upper mantle beneath the Mendocino Triple Junction (northern California, USA) by using a large number of high-quality P-wave travel-time data of local and teleseismic events recorded by the dense seismic network on the North American continent. Our results show the presence of a slab window and the upwelling asthenosphere material through the slab window directly contacts the surrounding plates. A high-velocity anomaly is revealed at depths of ~300–400 km beneath the triple junction, which reflects a fragment of the Monterey microplate associated with breaking-off of the Farallon plate. Depth-varying seismic anisotropy occurs in the upper mantle and exhibits a circular pattern, which is mainly caused by 3-D mantle flow around the southern edge of the Gorda plate. Subduction-driven corner flow appears in the mantle wedge. After the Farallon plate first contacted the North American plate, as it broke apart and a slab window formed, the Pacific plate captured the plate remnant and moved northwestward together. Then the Monterey plate fractured and sank into the mantle, where it was subjected to shearing forces from both the Pacific and North American plates and moved to its current position.
Unveiling an ignored taphonomic window in the early Cambrian Chengjiang Biota
Authors: Lei Xiangtong , Cong Peiyun , Zhang Shangnan , Wei Fan , Anderson Ross P. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The exceptionally preserved soft-bodied fossils from the Chengjiang Biota of southwest China have proved to be critical for our understanding of the biodiversity and ecology of the Cambrian explosion of animals. Almost all previously reported soft-bodied Chengjiang fossils are from the event mudstone beds (EB) of the Yu’anshan Formation. Here, we present the first comprehensive investigation of the soft-bodied fossils from the interbedded background mudstone beds (BGB), based on collections made across the past decade, and characterize their preservation. Soft internal cellular organs/tissues, such as digestive tracts and glands, cardiovascular systems, nervous systems, and musculature, are predominantly preserved as carbonaceous compressions, in contrast to their iron oxide–rich preservation in the EB. Our work highlights two distinct preservation modes within a single Burgess Shale–type Lagerstätte, possibly due to the complex interplay of decay, kerogenization, and pyritization.
High-precision U-Pb geochronology for the Miocene Climate Optimum and a novel approach for calibrating age models in deep-sea sediment cores
Authors: Kasbohm Jennifer , Schoene Blair , Thomas Ellen , Hull Pincelli 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Scientific ocean drilling cores recovered years ago (legacy cores), especially as recovered by rotary drilling, commonly show incomplete recovery and core disturbance. We present a novel method to date such cores by presenting the first high-precision U-Pb zircon ages targeting the duration of the Miocene Climate Optimum (MCO; ca. 17–14 Ma) from volcanic ashes at Ocean Drilling Program Site 1000 (on the Nicaragua Rise in the Caribbean Sea). We place these ages within a newly developed framework to address incomplete core recovery and use them to calibrate a high-resolution bulk carbonate δ13C and δ18O record. Our Site 1000 ages show that volcanism of the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) large igneous province was coincident with the interval of greatest sustained MCO warmth at this site. However, if the CRBG were the primary driver of the MCO, our chronology may allow for outgassing preceding volcanism as a major source of CO2. We thus document a promising new way to obtain highly resolved, accurate, and precise numerical age models for legacy deep-sea sediment cores that does not depend on correlation to other records.
Supplemental Material: To rush into the secret house of death: The fate of a Tournaisian plant
Authors: Gastaldo Robert A. , al. et 
Published: July 2024

<p>Evidence of Sanford Quarry sand volcanoes (boils) and megaflora preserved in association with Sanfordiacaulis densifolia. Mohr circle analysis between normal and shear stress, cohesive strength, and angle of repose for the Albert Formation used as the basis for the interpretation of sediment slumping. </p>
Supplemental Material: Central Afar: An analogue for oceanic plateau development
Authors: Rime Valentin , al. et 
Published: July 2024

<p>Additional discussion on the definition of oceanic plateaus, literature review of the characteristics of other ROMPs and other oceanic features, details on crustal balancing, calculation of the fraction of magmatic addition in Central Afar, and references used to construct the figures. </p>