bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data Privacy and Competition Law in the Age of Big Data
Authors: Esayas Samson Y. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The monetization of personal data has become an increasingly common business practice, igniting global debate on the interface between data privacy law and competition law. Data Privacy and Competition Law in the Age of Big Data provides a comprehensive, novel, and interdisciplinary analysis of this nexus. Drawing insights from emergent properties and complexity science, it exposes the commonalities and conflicts between how data privacy law and competition law address challenges resulting from the commercialization of personal data. The book begins by identifying key shifts in big data: the growing trend of processing personal data for diverse purposes, the aggregation of data across various operations, and the shift from offering stand-alone products and services to ecosystems of several, with personal data central in connecting the different markets. These shifts engender a complex economic landscape, marked by multiple actors, a web of interactions, and non-linear, emergent outcomes. Despite this complexity, the prevailing approach to data privacy law and competition law emphasizes isolated units of analysis—whether a relevant market or a distinct processing operation. This approach overlooks system-wide (emergent) risks borne of cumulative processing operations and cross-market practices. Additionally, a mindset focused on either data privacy law or competition law overlooks the increasing intersection between the two regimes, missing opportunities for synergy. In light of these challenges, the book calls for recalibrating data privacy law and competition law for a complex economy, emphasizing a holistic, systems-level perspective that addresses emergent harms and a polycentric strategy that leverages the strengths of each legal regime.
Theorizing State Ownership in Natural Resource Governance
Authors: Nem Singh Jewellord T. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter presents historical institutionalism (HI) as a theoretical framework to analyse continuity and change in the governance of natural resources. The HI framework focuses on institutional stability and incremental change to explain the continuing role of SOEs in Latin American industrial development over the 20th century. Specifically, it seeks to explore the role of agency in institutional change by developing the concept of state–state (SOE) relations as a conceptual lens to explain state transformation. Within this framework, corporate governance reforms within SOEs constitute different forms of state ownership. By unpacking the diversity of state–state (SOE) relations, the chapter claims that hybrid development strategies emerged as the dominant strategy to mitigate neoliberal economic globalization. The chapter places agency within the context of political legacies and path dependency to trace the evolution of development strategies in Latin American natural resource sectors.
The Politics of Managing Codelco and Its Labour Force
Authors: Nem Singh Jewellord T. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the dynamics and consequences of state–state (SOE) relations and capital–labour conflicts in Chile’s mining sector, through an analysis of Codelco’s role as an indirect mediator of the conflicts inherent in the neoliberal regime, serving as a buffer between the public and private. It examines the role of Codelco as the country pushed for a globalization strategy based on subjecting the state company to private sector standards of productivity and efficiency. It likewise evaluates Codelco’s performance and its competitiveness strategy. Finally, the chapter opens up the world of labour relations and conflicts in both public and private mining, demonstrating periodic episodes of political interventions as a function of the contradictions within Chile’s mineral resource governance model. The dynamics of Chile’s hybrid development strategy in the mining sector are most pronounced in the copper industry but are equally prevalent in the renewable energy sector surrounding lithium mining, as explored in the final section.
Petrobras and Brazil’s Political Crisis
Authors: Nem Singh Jewellord T. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter offers a panoramic view of the political crisis in Brazil that arguably began within its most prized NOC, Petrobras. Examining the connections between Petrobras and the Lava Jato scandal, it traces the erosion of Petrobras’s corporate autonomy and the contradictions emerging from the Workers’ Party (PT) industrial strategy. Government policy—specifically Rousseff and the PT’s response to Brazil’s economic stagnation between 2010 and 2014—was largely responsible for Petrobras’s rapid accumulation of debts. To complicate matters further, Petrobras’s business strategy would fall apart as oil prices collapsed in 2014. Its hard-won autonomy was further compromised as the company became subject to systematic corruption exposed by the Lava Jato investigation. This constant tension between corporate autonomy and state control is an example of the difficulty in insulating SOEs from rent-seeking and political intervention. To a large degree, the Lava Jato scandal is rooted in the underlying political dynamics connected to the PT’s industrial policy. Therefore, its impact is less about driving Petrobras towards privatization; instead, the scandal shook the coalitional foundations of state-based developmental interventions that have guided Brazilian industrial policy since the 1930s.
Postlude
Authors: Abad Del Vecchio Julene 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the Postlude, I summarize the main findings of the ‘darker’ reading of the Achilleid, showing how a transformative interpretation of this densely packed poem is indeed possible. The Postlude, in ring composition with the Introduction (Chapter 1), argues that Statius reifies Achilles, and the poet is persistently in dialogue with his epic and tragic literary predecessors, and he is prepared to engage—however embryonically—with more serious genres. I also propose some concluding speculations on what the poem can be seen to represent in light of the tradition that precedes it. The Achilleid thus emerges as a text with much darker overtones—a poem that displays the constant struggle between remembrance and suppression, and that can indeed walk the fine line between epic and tragedy.
Introduction
Authors: Dimova Gergana , Flinders Matthew , Hinterleitner Markus , Weaver R. Kent , Rhodes R. A. W. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In a context of anti-political sentiment, apparent perma-crisis, increasingly aggressive populism and where evidence of global democratic backsliding is growing the analysis of blame—or, more precisely, an understanding of the politics and governance of blame—has never been more important. And yet achieving that understanding is beyond the capacity of any single discipline, perspective, theory, or method which is why this collection ranges across traditional disciplinary and intellectual boundaries in order to connect seams of scholarship that have hitherto existed in isolation. A focus on ‘gaps’, ‘traps’, ‘challenges’ and ‘opportunities’—combined with a willingness to challenge dominant foundational assumptions and beliefs—provides a framework that delivers a rich, original and integrated account of the politics and governance of blame. This introduction outlines the structure of this book in terms of parts and chapters. The main argument being that each and every chapter makes an original research contribution in its own right. This is not a handbook of review chapters but a collection of contributions that offer new insights, present original data and chart new intellectual terrain.
Who Is Talking?
Authors: Wenzelburger Georg , König Pascal D. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines how the effects of blaming on policy approval are conditioned by the source of the statements and its credibility. The authors conduct two experiments on two different policy areas, on restrictive migration policy, where right-wing parties are more credible sources, and on taxing the rich, where left-wing parties are more credible. The results indicate that source credibility matters but that its effect depends on the context. The chapter finds that a deservingness frame blaming migrants for claiming child benefits for children living in their home countries leads to a strong counter-reaction by participants and lower policy approval if the right-wing populist Alternative for Germany (AfD) is the source of the communication. In contrast, policy approval was higher in the ‘taxing the rich’ experiment if left-wing parties were the source of the statement. Apparently, right-wing parties are not credible with strong calls for redistribution, which leads to lower acceptance of corresponding policies.
Blame Games and Claiming Credit
Authors: Rabinovych Maryna , Reptova Zuzana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The chapter offers an insight into the blame games and credit-claiming strategies of Russia and Ukraine in the context of the Minsk Peace Process in Donbas (2015–2022) and Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine. It focuses on the role of proxies in the blame games and credit-claiming strategies of the parties to peace negotiations. Relying on media discourse analysis, the study shows how the so-called ‘People’s Republics’ in Donbas had been playing a central role in Russia’s blame game against Ukraine and the West in the context of the Minsk Peace Process and creating casus belli for launching a major war against Ukraine. Ukraine, in contrast, had been using blame games and claimed credit to prove Russia’s being a party to the conflict since its outbreak in 2014. Overall, the case under study is illustrative of the challenge of proxies in conflicts, occupation, and peace negotiations.
The Blame Threshold
Authors: Grube Denis 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In Westminster theory, civil servants are an indivisible part of the executive government. They are expected to adopt norms of political impartiality and anonymity in return for security of tenure and the protective shield of ministerial responsibility. Their task is to support ministers in the creation and implementation of government policy. But what happens if ministers do not keep to their side of that bargain, choosing to break with the tenets of ministerial responsibility by blaming—rather than shielding—officials when things go wrong? In the age of social media, 24/7 news, and a resurgent populism, there are signs that senior officials are developing a blame threshold, a point beyond which they will refuse to simply absorb criticism from their own government. This chapter conceptualizes the blame threshold as the point at which blame attributions towards officials become specific, personal, and public. The chapter argues that the emergence of a blame threshold undermines the traditional partnership between ministers and civil servants in ways that challenge the conventional functioning of the Westminster system.
When Experts and Public Officeholders Break the Rules
Authors: Resodihardjo Sandra L. , Copeland Paul 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
During the outbreak of COVID-19, stringent measures were enforced to limit the spread of the virus. However, it was not only citizens who sometimes failed to abide by the rules; sometimes, experts and public officeholders failed to either follow or enforce them, which often resulted in a public outcry, ensuing blame games, and the occasional resignation. This chapter studies four cases where experts and public officeholders faced criticism and blame by failing to follow or enforce COVID-19 rules. The situational circumstances of these four cases (same crisis, similar type of COVID-19 rules that were not always well received, with incidents happening during (the end of) the first wave) allow comparison to a larger extent than is usually the case in blame game research. Comparing the cases reveals four factors that further help to explain how blame games evolve: type of function/position, arena accessibility, support, and administrative rules and regulations.
The Subtle Art of Not Pointing the Finger
Authors: Feitsma Joram , Schillemans Thomas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In crisis times, political leaders face not only agonizing policy choices in uncertain circumstances but also delicate accountability issues and blame games. This chapter highlights the rather sophisticated nature of this blame-management work in the context of COVID-19. It disentangles the Dutch crisis-management discourse based on a qualitative analysis of government press conferences. It specifically zooms in on the interaction between journalists and officeholders in situations where the question of blame is made manifest. It identifies a picture of Dutch blame discourse that is more complex than current studies have revealed. Instead of overt blame-shifting to experts, local government bodies, companies, or citizens, the chapter uncovers two subtler discursive strategies: (1) emphasizing the inevitable uncertainties and risks behind policy decisions made and (2) questioning the appropriateness of playing blame games. Both strategies underscore the important role of ambiguity in how blame is managed in hard times.
Confront or Concede?
Authors: de Ruiter Minou , Kuipers Sanneke 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Blame-avoidance studies in majoritarian settings demonstrate patterned behaviour—the so-called ‘staged retreat’ coined by Christopher Hood et al.—by politicians consecutively denying severity, responsibility, and punishment in relation to a blameworthy event. The staged retreat implies that executives will gradually accept more responsibility and consequences only if defensive options fail. This chapter scrutinizes the universality of these observations and argues that institutional settings—majoritarian and consociational systems—influence what blame-avoidance behaviour is expected and accepted. An elite interview study using qualitative vignettes in the Netherlands (consociational) and New South Wales (majoritarian) reveals that key actors in these systems have different behavioural expectations and implicit norms in relation to the same blameworthy events. This comparative study finds that the staged retreat only dominates in the majoritarian setting, with formal and informal institutional factors influencing the leeway for executives in majoritarian and consociational systems to dodge, reallocate, or attribute blame.
Varieties of European Blame Games
Authors: Heinkelmann-Wild Tim , Rittberger Berthold , Zangl Bernhard , Kriegmair Lisa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Blame games have become a regular feature of European Union (EU) politics. While a fast-growing literature studies political actors’ blame-avoidance and blame-generation strategies in the EU, we still know little about which blame attributions ultimately ‘stick’ in the European public. This chapter shifts the perspective to those blame attributions—and the resulting blame games—that resonate in the public and thereby affect who is held accountable for EU policy failures. It distinguishes three types of European blame games which are characterized by their distinct blame targets and concomitant blame narratives: scapegoat games, where supra-national EU institutions are the main target of public blame attribution; renegade games, where individual EU member states are the predominant target; and diffusion games, where no specific actor emerges as a dominant target. The authors illustrate their typology by analysing public blame attributions reported on in the coverage of EU policy failures in the European quality press.
Blame, Shame, and Regional Organization
Authors: Whitehead Laurence 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Blaming and shaming are fundamental emotionally charged instruments of social control that can be observed at all levels of collective behaviour. Such techniques are deeply embedded in interpersonal and small-group interactions, and these micro-foundations provide the underpinning to political applications on a larger scale. This upscaling extends to national and even supra-national levels of interaction, and applies to collective actors and agencies as well as to individual political leaders. This chapter directs attention to the rapid diffusion of provisions intended to regulate inter-state regional conduct in large world areas at the turn of the millennium. It traces both the rapid spread of these club-like provisions and their subsequent erosion. Such practices can only flourish under highly restrictive conditions, but they can sometimes gain traction, and do therefore fall within the compass of shaming studies.
Blame, Public Consultations, and the Impact of Gender
Authors: Kevins Anthony , Vis Barbara 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Can public consultations reduce the blame attributed to elected representatives whose decisions end up backfiring? Using two pre-registered survey experiments fielded in the US, this chapter examines whether blame attribution and generation may be shaped by: (1) consultation characteristics, especially regarding whether or not representatives align their policies, either actively or passively, with constituent opinion; and (2) elected representative and constituent characteristics, especially regarding a representative’s gender and constituents’ gender attitudes. The results suggest that public consultations are indeed liable to decrease blame, just so long as constituent opinion is not explicitly opposed to the representative’s decision. Active alignment with constituent opinion, however, does not appear to be a requirement for decreased blame—and effects related to gender are also largely absent. These findings are important for scholars seeking to better understand blame attribution and generation, clarifying how public consultations might help politicians to pre-empt blame by reducing clarity of responsibility.
Introduction
Authors: Shah Sultan Nazrin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Introduction describes how the waves of economic globalization—the driver of Perak’s long-term rise, relative decline, and its subsequent regeneration—began to influence the outcomes of the state when global trade networks deepened in the first half of the 19th century. Three advances propelled the first wave of globalization, greatly benefiting the rise of tin-rich Perak. First, a steam-enginetransport revolution. Second, the British-led industrial revolution spawned burgeoning demand for raw materials and colonial expansion into territories distant from Britain with major trading ports or with rich natural resource endowments. Third, the move to free trade. Between World Wars I and II, global trade volume fell and the world ‘de-globalized’. The wars made shipping risky and sharply increased costs. Industrialized economies embarked on tariff increases and the Great Depression encouraged trade protectionism globally. After World War II, countries began to reduce tariffs and international trade started to revive in a globalization second wave. The exponential growth of containerization made shipping cheaper and more predictable. The seamless sharing of knowledge and ideas across borders enabled by the Internet allowed firms to shift manufacturing to countries with lower labour and tax costs. Although globalization raised GDP worldwide, it led to the ‘Great Divergence’ between industrialized economies and the rest: the industrialized world took a larger share of global wealth than exporters of primary products. The benefits of globalization have also been unevenly distributed within national borders. Areas where economic activity has remained largely focused on the export of primary commodities have tended to lag.
Globalization and Perak’s Changing Fortunes
Authors: Shah Sultan Nazrin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Part 3A analyses the collapse of tin and rubber industries as well as the period of continued British economic dominance in post-independence Malaysia between 1957 and 1970. Perak’s tin industry, which had largely defined its economy, population, and social organization, steadily waned, and by the early 1990s had faded into insignificance. After independence, Perak faired less favourably than other Malaysian states, despite entering nationhood as one of the country’s wealthiest and most urbanized states. Its continued heavy reliance on exports of natural resources, and its exposure to swings in global demand and competing sources of supply of tin and rubber, saw it start to trail some of the peninsula’s other states, which benefited more from the globalization of manufacturing industry. A sequence of six International Tin Agreements to regulate supply and support tin prices dramatically unravelled in 1985, beset by collapsing tin prices and chaos on the international tin market. The once vibrant tin towns of Perak faltered as the fortunes of the mining industry retreated. Economically, some areas stagnated and others went into decline, shedding population through outward migration. Perak’s scattered townships just did not offer the scale, diversity, and connectivity needed to attract new industries. The fallout from the tin collapse was felt globally. In the UK, the surviving high-cost Cornish mines closed. In Perak, as elsewhere in Malaysia, tin-mining companies struggled to survive, and its tin towns were economically and socially devastated, causing widespread suffering with the loss of jobs and incomes among mine workers, their families, and their communities.
Organizing in the Digital Age: A Process View
Authors: Barrett Michael , Vaast Emma , Langley Ann , Tsoukas Haridimos 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The rise of digital technologies in organizations and societies calls for greater process theorizing to illuminate the mutual relations between technologies and organizing. Recent technological breakthroughs such as those related to machine learning-based Artificial Intelligence as well as geopolitical upheavals and the covid-19 pandemic have led to profound transformations in the ways we connect, communicate, and work. Process theorizing can help make sense of such changes by situating them temporally and by questioning human and technological agency. This chapter provides guideposts for researchers interested in investigating how digital technologies and organizing have evolved by introducing key concepts associated with process theorizing and by posing critical questions related to the growing prevalence upon sophisticated technologies. It also introduces and establishes connections among the contributions of this volume. It finally articulates several aspects that deserve further examination related to the utopian and dystopian aspects of the future of work and the potentials and challenges of digital trace data for process researchers interested in such aspects.
Physics or Archaeology?
Authors: Jones Matthew 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The proliferation of data associated with the growing digitalization of organizational processes, sometimes designated with the label ‘big data’, offers a potentially rich resource for research. Some management and organization scholars, drawing on claims of the emergence of a data-driven ‘computational social science’, view the new abundance of data, seen as capturing the fundamental elements of organizational processes directly from reality, as contributing to a transformation in our understanding of organizations and the methods by which we study them. The ‘social physics’ envisaged by August Comte in the 1830s, they suggest, can now become a reality. In this chapter, however, a process perspective on data is presented that questions the assumption that data transparently instrument reality. Rather, it is argued, data are always constructed and only ever offer a partial and ambiguous representation of the phenomena they are seen as describing. Archaeology, in which researchers reconstruct phenomena from fragmented evidence, often shaped by their presuppositions, may therefore offer a better model than physics of how the profusion of digital data may contribute to organizational research.