bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective adsorption of metoprolol enantiomers using 2‐hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin cross‐linked multiwalled carbon nanotube
Authors: Farhadian Nafiseh , Sharifi Arezoo , Lashgari Elmira 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis study investigates the ability of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) for enantio‐separation of metoprolol chiral forms. 2Hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (2HP‐β‐CD) was applied as a chiral selector to functionalize carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The modified multiwalled CNT samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results of analyses showed that CNTs were successfully cross‐linked with 2HP‐β‐CD. To evaluate the enantio‐separation property of the products, the separation of metoprolol chiral forms on the initial and final products was examined. Further, UV–visible spectroscopy and polarimeter analyses were used for characterization. The results indicate that MWCNT does not have any intrinsic enantio‐separation ability, although its selectivity for enantio‐separation can be enhanced by cross‐linking it to 2HP‐β‐CD. Moreover, the optimal mass of adsorbent as well as optimal mass of functional groups is estimated to achieve maximum enantio‐separation efficiency. The results indicate that applying large amounts of 2HP‐β‐CD to CNTs functionalization decreases the cross‐linking efficiency, which consequently reduces enantio‐separation efficiency. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessment of psychiatric disorders among sex offenders: Prevalence and associations with criminal history
Authors: Chen Yung Y. , Chen Chiao‐Yun , Hung Daisy L. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackgroundMuch of the research on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among sex offenders has been conducted in the USA or Europe. Less is known about it in other regions, particularly in Asia.AimsThe objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among sex offenders in Taiwan and their associations with offender characteristics and criminal history.MethodsParticipants were randomly selected from men serving sentences in Taiwan's prison for serious sex offenders. Consenting men were assessed using the structured clinical interviews for DSM‐IV‐TR Axis I and II disorders. Demographics and criminal history were also recorded.ResultsOver two‐thirds of the 68 participants met criteria for one or more lifetime Axis I disorders, and nearly 60% met criteria for one or more Axis II disorder. The higher the number of Axis I and cluster B personality disorders, the higher was the total number of convictions.ConclusionsOur study adds to the literature that suggests that psychiatric assessment is likely to have an important role in the management and treatment of sex offenders. The finding that multiple disorders are common in this group and associated with more convictions for sex offences suggests that failure to include psychiatric assessment in planning the management of sex offenders may increase the risk of recidivism. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spin‐State Energetics of FeII Complexes – The Continuing Voyage Through the Density Functional Minefield
Authors: Houghton Benjamin J. , Deeth Robert J. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractComputing absolute spin‐state energies continues to challenge quantum chemistry. Correlated wavefunction methods offer high accuracy but are expensive, whereas density functional theory (DFT) is faster, but its accuracy is variable. No “universal” functional has emerged, but predicting trends in spin‐state energies is easier. Here, a simple DFT protocol is applied to the subtle variations in magnetic moments for FeII–R,R′Pytacn complexes (Inorg. Chem. 2013, 52, 9229). Both BP86 and OPBE give satisfactory correlation coefficients (R2 = 0.87 and 0.75, respectively), whereas the range‐separated functional CAM‐B3LYP performs worse (R2 = 0.37). However, even for BP86 and OPBE, the p‐CO2Et substituent is predicted to be too electron‐donating. The relatively poor performance of CAM‐B3LYP may be due to the more exacting test of DFT provided by mixed‐ligand systems, where the competition between donors is an additional factor.
Asymmetric Formal Synthesis of (+)‐Lactacystin
Authors: Sridhar Chirumarry , Vijaykumar Bodduri V. D. , Radhika Laghuvarapu , Shin Dong‐Soo , Chandrasekhar Srivari 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA formal synthesis of (+)‐lactacystin was achieved from commercially available isobutyraldehyde and ethyl acrylate. A Baylis–Hillman reaction, an intermolecular nucleophilic displacement under Mitsunobu conditions, a Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation, a palladium(0)‐catalyzed syn‐selective ring opening of an epoxide by treatment with an azide, a one‐pot azide reductive lactamization, and a ruthenium‐catayzed oxidation were employed as the key steps.
APOE ε4 allele is associated with worse performance in memory dimensions of the mini‐mental state examination: the Bambuí Cohort Study of Aging
Authors: Quintino‐Santos Sandra , Diniz Breno Satler , Firmo Josélia O. A. , Moriguchi Emilio Hideyuki , Lima‐Costa Maria Fernanda , Castro‐Costa Erico 
Published: August 2014

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the correlation between apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 and the mini‐mental state examination (MMSE) dimension in an elderly population, using baseline data from the Bambui (Brazil) Cohort Study of Aging.DesignWe conducted a community‐based cross‐sectional study.SettingThe study took place at Bambui city, Minas Gerais State, Southeast Brazil.ParticipantsA total of 1408 (87.7%) cohort participants had complete information on the MMSE and health measures.MeasurementsThe association between each of five dimensions (concentration, language/praxis, orientation, attention, and memory) underlying the MMSE and APOE ε4 allele was assessed using multivariate linear regression models. Potential confounding variables included sociodemographic factors and selected biomarkers.ResultsThe main finding is a strong negative association between the presence of APOE ε4 allele and memory dimension in the MMSE (fully adjusted β coefficient = −0.14; 95% confidence interval: −0.27 to −0.04; p = 0.016). No other cognitive dimensions showed significant associations with the APOE ε4 allele.ConclusionThis study is the first to investigate the association between dimensions of the MMSE, obtained from principal component analysis and APOE ε4 carrier status in community‐dwelling older adults taking into account a range of potential confounding factors. We found a strong negative association between the presence of APOE ε4 allele and scores on memory dimension of the MMSE, but no effect on other dimensions. Our results reinforce previous data on the literature that APOE ε4 allele has a significant effect on cognitive performance that can be detected even in screening tests, such as the MMSE. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In utero and early childhood exposure to arsenic decreases lung function in children
Authors: Recio‐Vega Rogelio , Gonzalez‐Cortes Tania , Olivas‐Calderon Edgar , Lantz R. Clark , Gandolfi A. Jay , Alba Cesar Gonzalez‐De 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe lung is a target organ for adverse health outcomes following exposure to As. Several studies have reported a high prevalence of respiratory symptoms and diseases in subjects highly exposed to As through drinking water; however, most studies to date has been performed in exposed adults, with little information on respiratory effects in children. The objective of the study was to evaluate the association between urinary levels of As and its metabolites with lung function in children exposed in utero and in early childhood to high As levels through drinking water. A total of 358 healthy children were included in our study. Individual exposure was assessed based on urinary concentration of inorganic As. Lung function was assessed by spirometry. Participants were exposed since pregnancy until early childhood to an average water As concentration of 152.13 µg l–1. The mean urinary As level registered in the studied subjects was 141.2 µg l–1 and only 16.7% had a urinary concentration below the national concern level. Forced vital capacity was significantly decreased in the studied population and it was negatively associated with the percentage of inorganic As. More than 57% of the subjects had a restrictive spirometric pattern. The urinary As level was higher in those children with restrictive lung patterns when compared with the levels registered in subjects with normal spirometric patterns. Exposure to As through drinking water during in utero and early life was associated with a decrease in forced vital capacity and with a restrictive spirometric pattern in the children evaluated. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enzymatic surface treatment of poly (3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), and poly (3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)
Authors: Berezina Nathalie , Yada Bopha , Godfroid Thomas , Senechal Tangi , Wei Ren , Zimmermann Wolfgang 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDPolyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are very interesting biopolymers, their most promising applications lie in biomedical science. The wettability of the surface of PHA increases their biocompatibility properties, making them suitable for such applications.RESULTSThe treatment of the surface of poly (3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and poly (3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) films with the cutinase TfCut2 from Thermobifida fusca KW3 resulted in decrease of the water contact angle of PHB films from 90° to 36° and PHBV films from 93–98° to 50–60° with 3‐hydroxyvalerate content ranging from 6 to 9 mol%, respectively.CONCLUSIONA linear dependence up to 9 mol% was found between the 3‐hydroxyvalerate content of the PHBV and the resulting water contact angle decrease, caused by partial hydrolysis of the surface of the films by the cutinase. PHBV films with a 3‐hydroxyvalerate content of 6 mol% showed the highest gain in surface hydophilicity following treatment with the enzyme. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Identification and characterisation of multiple glutathione S‐transferase genes from the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella
Authors: Chen Xi'en , Zhang Ya‐lin 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, is one of the most harmful insect pests on crucifer crops worldwide. In this study, 19 cDNAs encoding glutathione S‐transferases (GSTs) were identified from the genomic and transcriptomic database for DBM (KONAGAbase) and further characterized.RESULTSPhylogenetic analysis showed that the 19 GSTs were classified into six different cytosolic classes, including four in delta, six in epsilon, three in omega, two in sigma, one in theta and one in zeta. Two GSTs were unclassified. RT‐PCR analysis revealed that most GST genes were expressed in all developmental stages, with higher expression in the larval stages. Six DBM GSTs were expressed at the highest levels in the midgut tissue. Twelve purified recombinant GSTs showed varied enzymatic properties towards 1‐chloro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene and glutathione, whereas rPxGSTo2, rPxGSTz1 and rPxGSTu2 had no activity. Real‐time quantitative PCR revealed that expression levels of the 19 DBM GST genes were varied and changed after exposure to acephate, indoxacarb, beta‐cypermethrin and spinosad. PxGSTd3 was significantly overexpressed, while PxGSTe3 and PxGSTs2 were significantly downregulated by all four insecticide exposures.CONCLUSIONThe changes in DBM GST gene expression levels exposed to different insecticides indicate that they may play individual roles in tolerance to insecticides and xenobiotics. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
A New Method to Assess the Flow Regime Alterations in Riverine Ecosystems
Authors: Yin X. A. , Yang Z. F. , Petts G. E. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAssessing alterations of a river's flow regime provides the basis for river protection and restoration planning. The range of variation approach (RVA) is a commonly used method to evaluate alterations in a river's flow regime. However, RVA underestimates the degree of flow regime alteration potentially, because it only considers the difference in frequency between the pre‐impact and post‐impact hydrologic indicator values within certain target ranges and does not consider alteration of the order of hydrologic year types (HYTs; i.e. wet, average and dry years). The HYT order is an important holistic feature of the flow regime. The human‐induced change of HYTs, such as from a dry year to a wet year or from an average year to a dry year, can be a major cause of ecosystem alteration. For some species, the order of the HYTs was more important than single‐year events (such as the flood magnitude during a given year). To address this problem with the RVA, we proposed a modification of this method that accounts for alteration of the order of HYTs. We developed a metric for assessing the alteration of the HYT order based on Euclidean distance and then combined this metric with the RVA. We applied the revised method to a case study of the Sha River in northern China to test its effectiveness. The results demonstrated that the new method solved RVA's problem of potentially underestimating the degree of flow regime alteration and enabled a more comprehensive analysis of the alteration of the flow regime. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Protect biometric data with compound chaotic encryption
Authors: Liew Charles Z. , Shaw Raymond , Li Lanlan 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn this paper, the information security issue on biometric data is studied. We introduce the development of biometric technology with its application in security systems and discuss the significance. Focusing on distribution in space domain and uniform diffusion in frequency domain, a compounded chaotic cipher strategy with dynamic Bernoulli mapping is proposed to improve the performance on cryptographic text with consideration both of volatility and correlation. Aiming at visual original biometric data, related tests and analysis on key space, sensitivity, correlation, and uniform distribution are performed with comparison to diverse schemes including triple data encryption standard algorithm and logistic mapping cipher. Experiments results show that the proposed approach possesses good secure performances on both random scrambling in space domain and uniform distribution in frequency domain. The cryptosystem can be implemented with basic computational operators and provides an efficient and sensitive key space scheme for biometric data protection. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of catalytic systems on process of model object hydrogenation
Authors: Baikenov Murzabek Ispolovich , Baikenova Gulzhan Gausilevna , Sarsembayev Bolat Shaimenovich , Tateeva Alma Baimagambetova , Tusipkhan Almas , Matayeva Aisha Zharasovna 
Published: August 2014

AbstractOn the basis of β-FeOOH, Fe(OA)3, Fe3O4 iron and spherical catalysts NiO/SiO2, Fe2O3/SiO2 derived from slag waste coals of heating electrical stations, the hydrogenation of model polycyclic hydrocarbon at presence of nanodimensioned catalysts antracene was studied. On the example of conversion of anthracene, it was shown that upon release of hydrogenation of the product yield and degradation of polycyclic hydrocarbons in the hydrogenation, the mentioned catalyst systems appeared to be in the following order: nanoparticles β-FeOOH, Fe(OA)3 and Fe3O4>spherical catalysts NiO/SiO2, Fe2O3/SiO2>commercial cobalt-molybdenum catalyst. The results showed that the catalysts studied are promising catalysts for the hydrogenation of polycyclic hydrocarbons and may be used for direct coal liquefaction.
Thinking about the past, present and future in adolescents growing up in Children's Homes
Authors: Morsanyi Kinga , Fogarasi Erzsebet 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThe present study tested the hypothesis that adolescents growing up in Children's Homes differ from adolescents growing up in a family environment in how they think about their past, present and future, in the way they make decisions about future events and rewards, and in their levels of empathy and perspective taking. The participants were 40 adolescents from Children's Homes in Budapest, Hungary, and 40 age‐ and gender‐matched controls. Group differences were found in participants' past and present time perspectives, and girls from Children's Homes showed reduced consistency in their plans for the future. Additionally, gender differences emerged in empathy, perspective taking, and in participants' present and future time perspectives. We discuss the implications of our findings for interventions to improve the future prospects of adolescents in Children's Homes.
Survival and early recourse to care for dementia: A population based study
Authors: Pimouguet Clément , Delva Fleur , Le Goff Mélanie , Stern Yaakov , Pasquier Florence , Berr Claudine , Tzourio Christophe , Dartigues Jean‐François , Helmer Catherine 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackgroundA large proportion of dementia cases are still undiagnosed. Although early dementia care has been hypothesized to benefit both patients and families, evidence‐based benefits are lacking. Thus, investigating the benefits for newly demented persons according to their recourse to care in the “real life” appears critical.MethodsWe examined the relation between initial care recourse care and demented individuals' survival in a large cohort of incident dementia cases screened in a prospective population‐based cohort, the Three‐City Study. We assessed recourse to care for cognitive complaint at the early beginning of dementia when incident cases were screened. We classified patients in three categories: no care recourse, general practitioner consultation or specialist consultation. We used proportional hazard regression models to test the association between recourse to care and mortality, adjusting on socio‐demographical and clinical characteristics.ResultsTwo hundred and fifty‐three incident dementia participants were screened at the 2 year or 4 year follow‐up. One third of the incident demented individuals had not consulted a physician for cognitive problems. Eighty‐six (34.0%) individuals had reported a cognitive problem only to their general practitioner (GP) and 80 (31.6%) had consulted a specialist. Mean duration of follow‐up after incident dementia was 5.1 years, during which 146 participants died. After adjustment on potential confounders, participants who had consulted a specialist early in the disease course presented a poorer survival than those who did not consult any physician (hazard ratio = 1.64, 95% confidence interval 1.03–2.62). There was a trend but no significant differential survival profile between participants who complained to their GP and those without any care recourse.ConclusionNeither recourse to a specialist nor recourse to GP improve survival of new dementia cases. Those who had consulted a specialist early in the disease course even reported a worse life expectancy than those who did not.
A presenilin 1 mutation in the first case of Alzheimer's disease: Revisited
Authors: Rupp Carsten , Beyreuther Konrad , Maurer Konrad , Kins Stefan 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackgroundRecently, a single point mutation in the presenilin 1 (PSEN1) gene of the first described Alzheimer's disease (AD) patient Auguste D was reported by Müller and co‐workers. However, the sequencing results of the DNA from a 100‐year‐old tissue contained some uncertainties.MethodsWe heat extracted DNA from an original histological slice of Auguste D's brain and used nested polymerase chain reaction for the amplification of different exons of genes known to be affected in familial forms of AD.ResultsOur sequencing analysis did not validate the reported mutation. Furthermore, an extended sequencing analysis of Auguste D's DNA revealed no indication of a nonsynonymous hetero‐ or homozygous mutation in the exons of APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 genes comprising the already known familial AD mutations.ConclusionDespite the wealth of data from Müller and co‐workers, our results emphasize the requirement of more detailed analysis of Auguste D's DNA in future.
Patency Rates Among Heparin-Bonded and Conventional Polytetrafluoroethylene Grafts for Upper Extremity Hemodialysis Access
Authors: Cox Samantha R. , Moawad John A. , Marshall Lee Anne , Petrinec Drazen , McShannic Joseph R. , Steiner Richard , Fink John A. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Background: Although arteriovenous fistulae are the gold standard for vascular access, many patients do not have veins that are suitable for arteriovenous fistulae. These patients require arteriovenous grafts (AVGs). There have been no long-term trials designed to analyze the complication and patency rates of heparin-bonded versus conventional upper extremity AVGs. We aimed to compare patency and complication rates of upper extremity conventional versus heparin-bonded AVGs.
Methods: A retrospective chart review from 2008 through 2012 was conducted. Institutional review board approval was obtained. Patients with an upper extremity conventional or heparin-bonded AVG were included. Exclusion criteria included use of therapeutic anticoagulation and forearm loop grafts. Complication rates, reinterventions, and primary and secondary patency rates were compared using logistic regression analysis.
Results: The cohort consisted of 93 patients. Conventional and heparin-bonded grafts were compared and there was no statistically significant difference between the median time to use (29 vs 32 days; P =.440) or primary patency (P =.673). The duration of time elapsed until intervention was a median of 69 days (mean ±standard error =94.7 ± 10.4 days). Demographic characteristics of patients did not differ between the graft types (61% women; P =0.342). No statistically significant differences were seen between comorbidities in the 2 groups and body mass index did not differ (P =.986).
Conclusions: There is no improved primary patency, secondary patency, or difference in complication rates between patients who received conventional versus heparin-bonded AVGs.
Vein Port Access: YouTube as a Tool for Learning Vein Port Access Technique
Authors: Burbridge Brent , Stoneham Grant 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Purpose: Vein port systems are often used for infusion therapy. Safe access of these devices is necessary to ensure optimal device performance and the minimization of possible complications. We assessed the utility of YouTube for learning vein port access technique.
Materials and methods: The YouTube video database was searched for video files demonstrating vein port access technique. A scoring tool was developed to acquire objective data about the adherence of the operator to accepted access technique.
Results: Fifty-one YouTube videos were assessed for their value for learning vein port access technique. Using a scoring tool with a maximum score of 36, the scores for the 51 videos ranged from 7 to 32 (mean score =18.7). The best scores were for videos recorded as instructional videos by nurses and patients, with scores ranging from 17 to 32 (mean score =24.0).
Conclusions: There was considerable variability in the utility and value of the videos reviewed. Some videos were very informative and instructional, some were very uninformative, and some conveyed incorrect information that could lead to device failure and undue complications related to inappropriate port access technique. Health care providers, patients, and other caregivers should be very skeptical of the value of YouTube videos demonstrating medical techniques and should only accept the information provided if it is from a reputable source, which can often be very difficult to ascertain.