bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen Supply Mitigates Heat Stress on Photosynthesis of Maize (Zea mays L.) During Early Grain Filling by Improving Nitrogen Assimilation
Authors: Guo Dong , Wang Rui , Chen Chuanyong , Yin Baozhong , Ding Zaisong , Wang Xinbing , Zhao Ming , Zhou Baoyuan 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTHigh temperature during early grain‐filling stage is one of the serious abiotic stresses limiting maize yield in the North China Plain. Nitrogen (N) fertiliser has an important role in promoting crop growth, especially under abiotic stresses. However, its contribution to alleviating heat stress (HS) inhibition on maize photosynthesis during early grain‐filling stage is still unclear. Experiments with three N rates (LN, low nitrogen; MN, medium nitrogen; HN, high nitrogen) and two temperature (HS, heat stress; CK, ambient temperature as control) regimes were conducted to examine the effects of increasing N supply on photosynthesis, N assimilation, antioxidant system, and hormones homeostasis of maize during early grain‐filling stage using two maize hybrids Xianyu335 (XY335, heat‐sensitive) and Zhengdan (ZD958, heat‐tolerant). HS negatively affected photosynthesis of both two hybrids, exhibited lower net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content and activities of Rubisco and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) compared with CK, and then decreased dry matter accumulation of maize, with a lesser extent for ZD958 than XY335. However, increasing N supply alleviated the adverse effects of HS on maize photosynthesis due to improved N assimilation capacity. Under HS condition, greater N content and higher activities of glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase in maize ear leaf were found in treatment of HN compared with LN and MN. HN with higher N assimilation capacity directly increased the net photosynthetic rate due to improved chlorophyll content, activities of Rubisco and PEPC and antioxidant capacity. HS‐induced abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation was also repressed by HN, and then enhanced the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate to maintain higher photosynthetic capacity compared with LN and MN. Moreover, the positive effects of increasing N supply on maize photosynthesis under HS condition exhibited a larger extent for XY335 than ZD958. As a result of improved photosynthesis and N assimilation capacity by adequate N supply, maize accumulated more biomass under HS, especially for heat‐sensitive hybrid.
Workplace loneliness: Relationships with abstract entities as substitutes for peer relationships
Authors: LaBella Madison , van Knippenberg Daan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWorkplace loneliness is an epidemic in the United States and a serious problem in organizations. The solution may seem obvious: create high‐quality interpersonal relationships. Employees, however, are not guaranteed to establish such relationships for a multitude of reasons. This raises the question: are there influences that would buffer against loneliness even in the absence of high‐quality interpersonal relationships? Addressing this issue, we propose that understanding loneliness in the workplace requires looking beyond one's relationships with people to consider other key elements of work life, such as an employee's relationship with their work and the organization. We hypothesize that work centrality and organizational identification substitute for high‐quality relationships with peers (conceptualized as team–member exchange, TMX). In a survey separating predictor variables and loneliness in time, we find that TMX is negatively associated with workplace loneliness and that work centrality acts as a substitute for TMX. Organizational identification does not substitute for TMX, and this finding is discussed. This paper contributes to the nascent body of work on workplace loneliness by investigating what factors contribute to workplace loneliness and whether relationships with abstract entities can provide a bond sufficient to substitute for interpersonal relationships.
Motivated perception of leaders when perceived political party continuity is low: The mediating role of self‐uncertainty
Authors: Le An , Hohman Zachary 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGroup members often view their leaders as agents of continuity because leadership can help maintain group history and core values despite inevitable changes. Previous research suggests a connection between group continuity (i.e., a sense of connection between a group's past, present, and future) and a preference for autocratic leadership. However, whether group members' perception of the current state of group continuity influences the way they perceive leaders whom they have already supported has not been investigated. In the current study, we hypothesized that self‐uncertainty mediates the effect of perceived continuity on perceptions of leaders. Specifically, lowered perception of group continuity triggers self‐uncertainty, which motivates people to perceive the leaders they support to be more autocratic because these leaders often provide effective means to reduce feelings of self‐uncertainty. Additionally, as people might differ in their long‐term desire for group continuity, we hypothesized that the desire for group continuity moderates the path from perceived group continuity and self‐uncertainty. To test the hypothesized moderated mediation model, we collected data from Democrats and Republicans in the United States (N = 515) after the 2022 midterm elections. Analyses showed a significant moderated mediation effect, index = −0.02, 95% CI [−0.04, −0.002]. Specifically, perception of continuity within one's political party positively correlated with self‐uncertainty, and this correlation was stronger among those who displayed greater levels of desire for group continuity. Increased self‐uncertainty, in turn, positively correlated with the perception that the gubernatorial leader that one voted for during the midterm elections was autocratic.
Fast certificate issuance in a Moodle‐based MOOC platform: A large‐scale study
Authors: Perry Gabriela Trindade , Santos Marlise Bock 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundGestures are an integral component in human‐to‐human communication when the speaker is visually present to the listener. In the past several years, research has examined how computer‐generated pedagogical agents can be designed to perform the four main gesture types and what this means for agent persona and learning outcomes. The research into agent gesturing has only explored gestures without other presentation strategies such as visual aids or verbal redundancy to properly explore the impact of gestures, and to avoid overly “rich” displays of information.ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to explore the use of static images and varying frequencies of gestures to assess whether two visual inputs increases the risk of the split‐attention effect, and to investigate the potential for visual redundancy when two visual inputs coincide with narration. Data on cognitive load, agent persona, and learning outcomes (recall and transfer) will be collected to measure participants' learning experience while acquiring procedural knowledge, specifically regarding the principles of lightning, in comparison to previous research.MethodA mixed methods approach consisted of three gesture frequency conditions (enhanced, average, no) with 118 participants. Quantitative data were analysed using a random‐effect linear regression model; whereas qualitative data was collected through individual interviews that lasted 15–20 min.Results and ConclusionsThe use of enhanced gesture frequency and images may significantly increase intrinsic cognitive load, but gestures and images do not cause extraneous cognitive load. The enhanced gesture condition significantly outperformed the no‐gesture condition. Interviews indicated that depending upon the gesture condition, students selectively attended to information that they perceived as offering them the greatest learning opportunity. Using two visual inputs does not cause split‐attention, nor does it provide evidence of a visual redundancy effect.
The Portfolio‐Driven Disposition Effect
Authors: AN LI , ENGELBERG JOSEPH , HENRIKSSON MATTHEW , WANG BAOLIAN , WILLIAMS JARED 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe disposition effect for a stock significantly weakens if the portfolio is at a gain, but is large when it is at a loss. We find this portfolio‐driven disposition effect (PDDE) in four independent settings: U.S. and Chinese archival data, as well as U.S. and Chinese experiments. The PDDE is robust to a variety of controls in regression specifications and is not explained by extreme returns, portfolio rebalancing, tax considerations, or investor heterogeneity. Our evidence suggests that investors form mental frames at both the stock and the portfolio levels and that these frames combine to generate the PDDE.
Differences in perinatal complications and serum hormone levels due to uterine endometrial preparation methods in frozen–thawed embryo transfer
Authors: Yoshihara Tatsuya , Okuda Yasuhiko , Ogi Maki , Miyashita Dai , Yoshino Osamu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimIn frozen–thawed embryo transfer (FET), differences in endometrial preparation methods affect the incidence of perinatal complications. However, the underlying causes are unclear. We aimed to investigate whether serum E2, P4 levels are associated with perinatal complications.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study, involving 306 successful FET pregnancies from 2017 to 2022. Participants were divided into Natural Cycle (NC) and Hormone Replacement Cycle (HRC) group. We compared serum hormone levels, maternal backgrounds, and perinatal outcomes and complications. Furthermore, within the HRC group, serum hormone levels were compared for perinatal complications previously reported to show differences in incidence rates depending on the method of endometrial preparation.ResultsHRC exhibited significantly higher serum E2 levels during the implantation period, but lower P4 levels during ovulation, implantation, and pregnancy test period compared with NC. HRC also had significantly higher rates of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and placenta accreta spectrum (PAS). There was no association found between perinatal complications more likely to occur in HRC and serum E2, P4 levels.ConclusionsIn HRC, there were more occurrences of PPH and PAS. Although serum E2, P4 levels during FET did not correlate with perinatal complications.
Metformin enhances the survival ability of ovarian granulosa cells in polycystic ovary syndrome by promoting LINC00548 to suppress androgen receptor/klotho pathway
Authors: Pan Guangxin , Li Sha , Xiong Guoping , Zhang Pei , Zhang Li , Yao Yanru , Lei Gang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundMetformin (Met) has been reported to play the key role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the precise mechanisms underlying the actions of Met in PCOS remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to confirm the mechanism of Met interacting with a long non‐coding RNA LINC00548 in PCOS.MethodsOvarian granulosa cells (OGCs) were incubated 500 nM dihydrotestosterone (DHT) to construct PCOS in vitro model and then were treated 20 μM Met. A series of cell experiments including Cell Counting Kit‐8, Terminal uridine nucleotide end labeling, and flow cytometry were performed to confirm the changes of OGC survival ability. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was conducted to determine the levels of LINC00548, whereas Western blotting was applied to determine the levels of androgen receptor (AR) and klotho.ResultsMet improved the cell viability and suppressed cell apoptosis in DHT‐treated OGCs. LINC00548 downregulated in DHT‐treated OGCs was upregulated by Met, and its overexpression further enhanced the positive effects of Met on the survival ability of DHT‐treated OGCs. In addition, Met could induce the upregulation of LINC00548 to suppress the activation of AR/klotho pathway in DHT‐treated OGCs.ConclusionOverall, this study discovers that Met enhances the survival ability of OGCs in PCOS by elevating LINC00548 expression to suppress AR/klotho pathway.
Improvement of Endosperm Hydration Counter the Negative Relationship Between Dormancy and Malt Quality in Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
Authors: Jensen Joseph , Uhlmann Hannah , Lachowiec Jennifer , Lutgen Greg , Cook Jason P. , Yin Xiang S. , Kephart Ken , Sherman Jamie 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTDormancy in barley has been thoroughly studied and shown to negatively impact malt quality, resulting in selection against dormancy. However, reduced dormancy coincides with increased preharvest sprout (PHS) risk, thus sparking a new interest in integrating dormancy back into American barley lines if the negative effects of dormancy on malt quality can be overcome. We evaluated the dormancy and hydration index (HYI) in a biparental mapping population to determine the genotypes that would protect against PHS but have good malt quality. We found 4 HYI QTLs and 4 dormancy QTLs, one of which was near the well‐described SD2 QTL. The HYI QTLs were pleiotropically related to seed size (1H), dormancy (5H) and malt quality (2H). Lines with dormancy (5H) and increased HYI (2H and 3H) had malt quality similar to nondormant lines while maintaining PHS resistance, suggesting improvements in HYI could be the key to overcoming the negative effects of dormancy in malting.
Caught between two states: The compromise in acclimation of photosynthesis, transpiration and mesophyll conductance to different amplitudes of fluctuating irradiance
Authors: Durand Maxime , Zhuang Xin , Salmon Yann , Robson T. Matthew 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhile dynamic regulation of photosynthesis in fluctuating light is increasingly recognized as an important driver of carbon uptake, acclimation to realistic irradiance fluctuations is still largely unexplored. We subjected Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) wild‐type and jac1 mutants to irradiance fluctuations with distinct amplitudes and average irradiance. We examined how irradiance fluctuations affected leaf structure, pigments and physiology. A wider amplitude of fluctuations produced a stronger acclimation response. Large reductions of leaf mass per area under fluctuating irradiance framed our interpretation of changes in photosynthetic capacity and mesophyll conductance as measured by three separate methods, in that photosynthetic investment increased markedly on a mass basis, but only a little on an area basis. Moreover, thermal imagery showed that leaf transpiration was four times higher under fluctuating irradiance. Leaves growing under fluctuating irradiance, although thinner, maintained their photosynthetic capacity, as measured through light‐ and CO2‐response curves; suggesting their photosynthesis may be more cost‐efficient than those under steady light, but overall may incur increased maintenance costs. This is especially relevant for plant performance globally because naturally fluctuating irradiance creates conflicting acclimation cues for photosynthesis and transpiration that may hinder progress towards ensuring food security under climate‐related extremes of water stress.
Reviewing the benefits and clinical outcomes of oral fibroblasts over mesenchymal stem cells for repairing periodontal defects during or after orthodontic tooth movement
Authors: Parisi Ludovica , Mavrogonatou Eleni , Sculean Anton , Kletsas Dimitris , Degen Martin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOrthodontic therapy applies forces to teeth, causing an inflammatory reaction in the periodontal ligament. This is repaired by remodeling of the periodontium, allowing tooth displacement. Although orthodontic therapy is mostly initiated during childhood and adolescence, the number of adults seeking this treatment is increasing as our society's esthetic awareness rises. However, adults may already have periodontal tissue abnormalities, rendering orthodontic treatment inefficient because a healthy periodontium is essential for success. Numerous risk factors have been linked to periodontal lesions, with orthodontic tooth movement possibly playing a minimal influence. Although such tissue damages are mostly of esthetic rather than functional concern for patients, restoration frequently requires invasive procedures. Autologous cells for the treatment of periodontal complications have grown in popularity as a less intrusive alternative. The present review analyzed the literature on the use of mesenchymal stem cells and oral tissue‐derived fibroblasts for the healing of periodontal defects that may be related to orthodontic tooth movement. Furthermore, the advantages and challenges of the two cell types have been examined. Although the number of clinical studies is currently limited, our study demonstrates that oral fibroblasts have the potential to be the next emergent frontrunners for tissue engineering in the periodontium.
Brain signatures of catastrophic events: Emotion, salience, and cognitive control
Authors: Mas‐Cuesta Laura , Baltruschat Sabina , Cándido Antonio , Catena Andrés 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAnticipatory brain activity makes it possible to predict the occurrence of expected situations. However, events such as traffic accidents are statistically unpredictable and can generate catastrophic consequences. This study investigates the brain activity and effective connectivity associated with anticipating and processing such unexpected, unavoidable accidents. We asked 161 participants to ride a motorcycle simulator while recording their electroencephalographic activity. Of these, 90 participants experienced at least one accident while driving. We conducted both within‐subjects and between‐subjects comparisons. During the pre‐accident period, the right inferior parietal lobe (IPL), left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and right insula showed higher activity in the accident condition. In the post‐accident period, the bilateral orbitofrontal cortex, right IPL, bilateral ACC, and middle and superior frontal gyrus also showed increased activity in the accident condition. We observed greater effective connectivity within the nodes of the limbic network (LN) and between the nodes of the attentional networks in the pre‐accident period. In the post‐accident period, we also observed greater effective connectivity between networks, from the ventral attention network (VAN) to the somatomotor network and from nodes in the visual network, VAN, and default mode network to nodes in the frontoparietal network, LN, and attentional networks. This suggests that activating salience‐related processes and emotional processing allows the anticipation of accidents. Once an accident has occurred, integration and valuation of the new information takes place, and control processes are initiated to adapt behavior to the new demands of the environment.
Alveolar bone loss is a significant contributor to tooth loss in dentate HIV+ patients: A retrospective study
Authors: Tebcherany Houda , Rogers Tom , Khocht Ahmed 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe study objectives were to determine tooth loss prevalence and to investigate the relationship between tooth loss and potential risk factors among adult dentate HIV+ patients on newer antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens.MethodsHealth records of 450 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected individuals were surveyed. Eighty‐eight records of dentate HIV+ individuals with full‐mouth periodontal charting and intra‐oral periapical radiographs were identified. We collected data on demographics, systemic risk factors, oral health, and HIV disease measures. Caries exposure and alveolar bone loss (ABL) were radiographically assessed.ResultsEighty‐eight percent of patients showed tooth loss. Patients with ABL ≥15% had a higher number of missing teeth (p < .01). Stepwise regression analyses indicated that tooth loss was positively associated with age (β = 0.45, p < .01) and ABL (β = 0.39, p < .01). By contrast number of years on ART was negatively associated with tooth loss (β = −0.28, p < .05).ConclusionsTooth loss remains prevalent among HIV+ patients, and periodontal disease is a significant contributor. The number of years on ART seem to improve oral health behavior and reduce tooth loss.
Conditional quasi‐likelihood inference for mean residual life regression with clustered failure time data
Authors: Huang Rui , Sun Liuquan , Xiang Liming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the analysis of clustered failure time data, Cox frailty models have been extensively studied by incorporating frailty with a prespecified distribution to address potential correlation of data within clusters. In this paper, we propose a frailty proportional mean residual life regression model to analyze such data. A novel conditional quasi‐likelihood inference procedure is developed, utilizing a stochastic process and the inverse probability of censoring weighting (IPCW) to form estimating equations for regression parameters. Our proposal employs conditional inference based on a penalized quasi‐likelihood to address within‐cluster correlation without need to specify the frailty distribution, bringing the method closer to what suffices for real‐world applications. By adopting the Buckley–James estimator in the IPCW, the method further allows for dependent censoring. We establish asymptotic properties of the proposed estimator and evaluate its finite sample performance via simulation studies. An application to the data from a multi‐institutional breast cancer study is presented for illustration.
No welfare without workfare? Revisiting varieties of minimum income schemes in Europe (2008–2022)
Authors: Soler‐Buades Llorenç 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe social policy literature indicates a notable shift towards activation in minimum income schemes (MIS) since the 1990s, which has led to the emergence of new policy varieties. However, previous research has failed to reveal institutional changes over time and across/within varieties. This article measures and interprets varieties of minimum income across six welfare states from 2008 to 2022. It examines the evolution of varieties of MIS over time, and the extent to which changes have been driven by path dependence dynamics or by convergence towards a workfare model. Theoretically, the article builds on the regulation approach in political economy. Methodologically, it applies a Principal Component Analysis to a new dataset that consists of three OECD‐standard indicators alongside two novel indicators formulated for this study. The findings illustrate that varieties of MIS have undergone both quantitative and qualitative changes, moving within and between typologies. These changes are attributed to a lack of investment in income protection, limited enabling opportunities, and the introduction of specific, incremental workfare reforms.