bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of forage quality and narasin inclusion on ruminal fermentation, nutrient intake, and total tract digestibility of Nellore steers
Authors: de Paula Matheus Felipe Freitas Viana , Marques Rodrigo S , Pires Alexandre Vaz , Soares Letícia Carolina Bortolanza , Limede Arnaldo Cintra , Ferreira Evandro Maia , Polizel Daniel Montanher 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
The study aimed to evaluate the effects of forage quality and narasin inclusion on intake, digestibility, and ruminal fermentation of Nellore steers. Twenty-eight rumen-cannulated Nellore steers (initial body weight [BW] = 350 ± 32.4 kg) were allocated to individual pens in a randomized complete block design, with 7 blocks, defined according to the fasting BW at the beginning of the experiment. The steers were randomly assigned within blocks to 1 of 4 experimental diets in 2 × 2 factorial arrangements, being the first-factor forage quality (MEDIUM = 81 g of CP/kg of dry matter [DM], and HIGH = 153 g of CP/kg of DM), and the second factor was the inclusion (N13 = diet plus 13 mg/kg of DM of narasin) or not (N0) of narasin (Zimprova; Elanco Animal Health, São Paulo, Brazil). The experiment consisted of a 28-d period with 22 d for adaptation and the last 6 d for data collection. No haylage quality × narasin interaction (P ≥ 0.68) was observed on DM and nutrient intake. Haylage quality affected (P ≤ 0.01) DM intake, with greater values observed for steers fed HIGH compared with MEDIUM haylage. There was an increase (P &lt; 0.001) in OM, NDF, hemicellulose, and CP intake for steers consuming HIGH vs. MEDIUM haylage. Including N13 did not affect (P &gt; 0.39) DM and nutrient intake of steers. No haylage quality × narasin interactions were detected (P ≥ 0.60) for total tract nutrient digestibility. However, steers fed with HIGH haylage showed an increase (P &gt; 0.001) in DM and digestibility of all nutrients compared with MEDIUM. Steers fed a MEDIUM haylage had a greater (P &lt; 0.01) proportion of acetate compared with steers fed HIGH during all evaluated hours. Steers fed HIGH haylage had a greater (P &lt; 0.01) proportion of propionate at 0 h compared with steers consuming MEDIUM, whereas at 12 h, steers consuming MEDIUM hay had a greater (P &lt; 0.01) proportion of propionate vs. HIGH haylage. A haylage quality × narasin and haylage quality × time of collection interactions were detected (P ≤ 0.03) for rumen ammonia concentration, which was reduced (P &lt; 0.03) in N13 vs. N0 steers consuming HIGH haylage. Collectively, high-quality haylage allows increased consumption and digestibility, with more energy-efficient ruminal fermentation. In addition, narasin might be an important nutritional tool in forage-based diets to enhance the ruminal fermentation parameters of Bos indicus Nellore steers.
Building on Strong Foundations: Deploying Enhanced Replicating Effective Programs for evidence-based prevention curriculum adaptation
Authors: Eisman Andria B , Palinkas Lawrence A , Koffkey Christine , Lafta Hajir , Fridline Judy , Harvey Christina , Kilbourne Amy M 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSchools frequently adopt new interventions for each new public health issue, but this is both time- and resource-intensive. Adversity exposure is an example of a pervasive public health issue that emerged during Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) with notable consequences, including an elevated risk of developing substance use disorders and mental illnesses. Adapting existing, universal, evidence-based interventions, such as the Michigan Model for HealthTM (MMH), by incorporating trauma-sensitive content is a promising approach to meet this need. We examined critical steps in promoting MMH adaptability as part of the Enhanced REP (Replicating Effective Programs) implementation strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic. We share usability testing from the 2020 to 2021 school year and describe how we apply the results to inform the group randomized trial pilot study. We applied key steps from implementation adaptation frameworks to integrate trauma-sensitive content as COVID-19 unfolded, documenting the process through field notes. We conducted initial usability testing with two teachers via interviews and used a rapid qualitative analysis approach. We conducted member checking by sharing the information with two health coordinators to validate results and inform additional curriculum refinement. We developed an adapted MMH curriculum to include trauma-sensitive content, with adaptations primarily centered on adding content, tailoring content, substituting content, and repeating/reinforcing elements across units. We designed adaptations to retain the core functional elements of MMH. Building foundational relationships and infrastructure supports opportunities to user-test intervention materials for Enhanced REP that enhance utility and relevance for populations that would most benefit. Enhanced REP is a promising strategy to use an existing evidence-based intervention to meet better the needs of youth exposed to adversity. Building on the foundations of existing evidence-based interventions, is vital to implementation success and achieving desired public health outcomes.
Validity of different scoring systems in prediction of intensive care unit admission and mortality in acute organophosphate poisoning
Authors: Sobeeh Fatma G , Eldayem Yara B Abd , Khalifa Heba K 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundOrganophosphate compounds (OPCs) pose significant health risks, especially in developing countries with limited resources. Predicting outcomes in OPCs poisoning is crucial for guiding clinical management and reducing mortality rates. The aim of this study to evaluate the validity of different scoring systems Rapid Emergency Medicine Score, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Score, and Poison Severity Score in prediction of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality of acute OPCs poisoning patients.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 103 patients admitted to Xx Poison Control Center between May 2022 and June 2023. Scoring systems were applied at admission, and their performance in predicting the need for ICU admission and mortality was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsMost patients survived (92.2%). Only 13.6% of the patients required ICU admission. Significant differences in median scores were observed between survivors and non-survivors and between patients requiring ICU admission and those who did not. Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score exhibited the highest discriminatory power for predicting both ICU admission (AUC = 0.983) and mortality (AUC = 0.999).ConclusionThe findings highlight the importance of utilizing scoring systems, particularly Multiple organ dysfunction score, for prediction of poor outcomes of acute OPCs poisoning.
XVIINew Literatures
Authors: Ang Ann , Crockett Talia , Gall Adam , Ho Hannah Ming Yit , Manzo Kerry , Mcneill Dougal , Miller Benjamin , Niblett Michael , Nivesjö Sanja , Okunlola Theophilus , Onah Chijioke , Raja Ira , Sharrad Paul , Zirra Maria 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter has seven sections: 1. Africa; 2. Australia; 3. Canada; 4. The Caribbean; 5. New Zealand; 6. South Asia: India and Sri Lanka; 7. Southeast Asia. Section 1 is by Kerry Manzo, Sanja Nivesjö, Theophilus Okunlola, Chijioke Onah, and Maria Zirra; section 2 is by Adam Gall, Benjamin Miller, and Paul Sharrad; section 3 is by Talia Crockett and Dougal McNeill; section 4 is by Michael Niblett; section 5 is by Dougal McNeill; section 6 is by Ira Raja; section 7 is by Ann Ang and Hannah Ming Yit Ho.
The axial biomechanics of Trigonosaurus pricei (Neosauropoda: Titanosauria) and the importance of the cervical–dorsal region to sauropod high-browser feeding strategy
Authors: Vidal Luciano S , Bergqvist Lílian P , Candeiro Carlos R A , Bandeira Kamila L N , Tavares Sandra , Brusatte Stephen L , Pereira Paulo V L G C 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Trigonosaurus pricei is a small to medium-sized sauropod dinosaur (Sauropoda: Titanosauria) from the Late Cretaceous Bauru Group of Brazil that is known from a significant amount of recovered axial elements [four cervical vertebrae, 10 dorsal vertebrae, sacrum (MCT 1488-R), and 10 caudal vertebrae (MCT 1719-R)]. In this biomechanical work, we approach the hypothesis of the cartilaginous neutral pose and the range of motion of the axial series of Trigonosaurus. The results show that this sauropod could be capable of high elevation of the neck resulting from morphological adaptations of the cervicodorsal region on dorsal (D) vertebrae D2 and D3 (e.g. postzygapophyses of D2 positioned over the vertebral centrum and prezygapophyses of D3 over the anterior vertebral centrum). This implies that D2 articulates (cartilaginous neutral posture) with D3 only at a strong dorsally directed angle, resulting in a shift in the direction of the neck to a more elevated posture. Furthermore, the tail attributed to Trigonosaurus as a paratype could be oriented in the horizontal ‘direction’ and presented a sigmoidal ‘shape’. This work contributes generally to the understanding of variation in the body plan of sauropods and, more specifically, to the feeding strategy of small and medium-sized titanosaurs from semi-arid regions of Gondwana.
Pharmacokinetics in regional anesthesia
Authors: Leite-Moreira André M. , Correia André , Vale Nuno , Mourão Joana B. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of reviewPharmacokinetics of local anesthetics are one of the main determinants of success and safety of regional anesthesia and comprise local and systemic distribution phases. This review aims to summarize the latest research findings on this topic in the context of various regional blocks performed for different surgeries and patient populations.Recent findingsResearch into local kinetics and systemic absorption of local anesthetics has chiefly been focused on novel fascial plane blocks, especially the erector spinae plane block, as these are increasingly adopted for regional anesthesia and pain management. As their clinical efficacy is very dependent on injection of large volumes of local anesthetic, doses over typically recommended limits are often administered.SummaryFascial plane blocks are the regional anesthesia techniques in need of the most pharmacokinetic characterization, not only to better understand their complex mechanisms of action but also to avoid harm from excessive doses of local anesthetics. Further mapping of risk factors for systemic toxicity from administration in different block sites is crucial. Extremes of age and pregnancy are vulnerable patient populations but in whom regional anesthesia, including novel techniques, has been performed with few complications.
Lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections with particulate vs. nonparticulate steroid: an evidence-informed review on shifting gear to a personalized medicine paradigm
Authors: Cohen Steven P. , Ross Jason D. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
To provide an evidence-informed review weighing the pros and cons of particulate vs. nonparticulate steroids for lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections (TFESI).

Recent findings
The relative use of nonparticulate vs. particulate steroids for lumbar TFESI has risen recently in light of catastrophic consequences reported for the latter during cervical TFESI. Among various causes of spinal cord infarct, an exceedingly rare event in the lower lumbar spine, embolization of particulate steroid is among the least likely. Case reports have documented cases of spinal cord infarct during lower lumbar TFESI with both particulate and nonparticulate steroids, with database reviews finding no difference in complication rates. There is some evidence for superiority of particulate over nonparticulate steroids in well-designed studies, which could lead to increase steroid exposure (i.e. more injections) and treatment failure resulting in surgical and/or opioid management when nonparticulate steroids are utilized.

Summary
Similar to a paradigm shift in medicine, a personalized approach based on a shared decision model and the consequences of treatment failure, should be utilized in deciding which steroid to utilize. Alternatives to ESI include high-volume injections with nonsteroid solutions, and the use of hypertonic saline, which possesses anti-inflammatory properties and has been shown to be superior to isotonic saline in preliminary clinical studies.
Keeping patients in the dark: perioperative anesthetic considerations for patients receiving 5-aminolevulinic acid for glioma resection
Authors: Fatima Benish , Licatino Lauren K. , Abcejo Arnoley S. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
5-Aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (5-ALA), available under the trade name Gleolan, is an orally administered fluorophore drug used to enhance visual differentiation of cancerous tissue from healthy tissue, primarily during surgical resection of high-grade gliomas. Although given preoperatively, 5-ALA has important implications for anesthetic care throughout the perioperative period. This article reviews pharmacology, safety concerns, and perioperative considerations for patients who receive oral 5-ALA.

Recent findings
Although approved for clinical use by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2017, studies and case reports published since then have further delineated side effects of this medication and its mechanisms and pharmacokinetics.

Summary
Mitigating the possible side effects of 5-ALA requires an understanding of its basic mechanism as well as focused perioperative planning and communication. Administration of this medication may result in nausea, vomiting, photosensitivity, increase in serum concentration of liver enzymes, and hypotension. Patients who receive 5-ALA must be protected from prolonged light exposure during the first 48 h after consumption and administration of other photosensitizing agents should be avoided (Supplemental Video File/Video abstract).
Elevated Blood Pressure in Pregnancy and Long-Term Cardiometabolic Health Outcomes
Authors: Field Christine , Grobman William A. , Wu Jiqiang , Kuang Alan , Scholtens Denise M. , Lowe William L. , Shah Nilay S. , Khan Sadiya S. , Venkatesh Kartik K. 
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE:
To examine the association between elevated blood pressure (BP) in the early third trimester and cardiometabolic health 10–14 years after delivery.

METHODS:
This is a secondary analysis from the prospective HAPO FUS (Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Follow-Up Study). Blood pressure in the early third trimester was categorized per American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association thresholds for: normal BP below 120/80 mm Hg (reference), elevated BP 120–129/below 80 mm Hg, stage 1 hypertension 130–139/80–89 mm Hg, and stage 2 hypertension 140/90 mm Hg or higher. Cardiometabolic outcomes assessed 10–14 years after the index pregnancy were type 2 diabetes mellitus and measures of dyslipidemia, including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol 130 mg/dL or higher, total cholesterol 200 mg/dL or higher, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol 40 mg/dL or lower, and triglycerides 200 mg/dL or higher. Adjusted analysis was performed with the following covariates: study field center, follow-up duration, age, body mass index (BMI), height, family history of hypertension and diabetes, smoking and alcohol use, parity, and oral glucose tolerance test glucose z score.

RESULTS:
Among 4,692 pregnant individuals at a median gestational age of 27.9 weeks (interquartile range 26.6–28.9 weeks), 8.5% (n=399) had elevated BP, 14.9% (n=701) had stage 1 hypertension, and 6.4% (n=302) had stage 2 hypertension. At a median follow-up of 11.6 years, among individuals with elevated BP, there was a higher frequency of diabetes (elevated BP: adjusted relative risk [aRR] 1.88, 95% CI, 1.06–3.35; stage 1 hypertension: aRR 2.58, 95% CI, 1.62–4.10; stage 2 hypertension: aRR 2.83, 95% CI, 1.65–4.95) compared with those with normal BP. Among individuals with elevated BP, there was a higher frequency of elevated LDL cholesterol (elevated BP: aRR 1.27, 95% CI, 1.03–1.57; stage 1 hypertension: aRR 1.22, 95% CI, 1.02–1.45, and stage 2 hypertension: aRR 1.38, 95% CI, 1.10–1.74), elevated total cholesterol (elevated BP: aRR 1.27, 95% CI, 1.07–1.52; stage 1 hypertension: aRR 1.16, 95% CI, 1.00–1.35; stage 2 hypertension: aRR 1.41 95% CI, 1.16–1.71), and elevated triglycerides (elevated BP: aRR 2.24, 95% CI, 1.42–3.53; stage 1 hypertension: aRR 2.15, 95% CI, 1.46–3.17; stage 2 hypertension: aRR 3.24, 95% CI, 2.05–5.11) but not of low HDL cholesterol.

CONCLUSION:
The frequency of adverse cardiometabolic outcomes at 10–14 years after delivery was progressively higher among pregnant individuals with BP greater than 120/80 in the early third trimester.
Relationship Between Low Visual Acuity and Nonfatal Occupational Same-Level Falls in Japanese Female Employees
Authors: Shima Azusa , Kawatsu Yuichiro , Murakami Miki , Morino Ayumi , Okawara Makoto , Hirashima Keiki , Miyamatsu Naomi , Fujino Yoshihisa 
Published: July 2024

Objective
The incidence of work-related falls on the same level is increasing, particularly among middle-aged and older female workers. Vision is an important risk factor of falls. We investigated whether objectively measured visual acuity was associated with the incidence of falls.

Methods
This cohort study included 7317 female employees aged 20–69 in Japanese supermarket stores. Monocular acuity measured during health checkups was classified into three levels (≥0.7, 0.3–0.7, <0.3). Incidence rate ratios of work-related falls within 1 year were estimated.

Results
Incidence rate ratios were 1.26 (95%CI: 0.92–1.72) in the 0.3–0.7 group and 2.27 (95%CI: 1.15–4.48) in the <0.3 group.

Conclusions
Risk of work-related fall was higher in those with low visual acuity. Vision correction may contribute to fall prevention in workplaces.
A Study on Nonvibration-Exposed Organs Correlated Indices as Diagnostic Biomarkers of Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome
Authors: Zhou Kanshou , Zeng Fanfei , Wu Siheng , Zeng Yingshan , Chen Qingsong , Yang Hongyu 
Published: July 2024

Objective
The aim of the study is to explore the feasibility of using nonvibration-exposed organ-related indices as vibration-induced white finger (VWF) diagnostic biomarkers.

Methods
Individuals were selected from a factory in China using the judgment sampling method. They were divided into control (con), non-VWF, and VWF groups according to the presence/absence of exposure to hand-transmitted vibration and VWF. Blood samples were collected for ELISA tests.

Results
Analysis of receiver operating characteristic curves was done on six indicators to assess their diagnostic sensitivity for VWF. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for insulin was 0.909 and was 0.923 for aspartate aminotransferase.

Conclusions
Insulin and aspartate aminotransferase could be used as indices for the diagnosis of hand-arm vibration syndrome.
Gustatory Function in Patients With Cerebellopontine Angle Masses
Authors: Daskalou Dimitrios , Hsieh Julien W. , Hugentobler Marianne , Macario Sonia , Sipione Rebecca , Voruz François , Guinand Nils , Senn Pascal , Landis Basile N. 
Published: July 2024

Objective
To investigate the impact of cerebellopontine angle (CPA) masses on subjective and measured taste function.

Study Design
Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Setting
Tertiary referral center.

Patients
Consecutive adult patients with untreated CPA masses.

Interventions
Gustatory function was psychophysically measured with Taste Strips (range, 0–16) on both sides of the tongue. Subjective taste complaints were assessed using a questionnaire.

Main Outcome Measures
Half-sided taste impairment (hemi-ageusia) was defined as side-to-side asymmetry ≥4 points with <9 points on the side of the CPA mass. We used the Koos classification for vestibular schwannomas (VS) and, in the case of facial nerve palsy, the House–Brackmann grading system.

Results
We included 135 patients (mean [standard deviation (SD)] age, 55.3 ± 14.1 yr; 62 males). The most common CPA mass was VS (77%). Overall, the measured taste function was lower on the affected compared with the healthy side of the tongue (mean score, 9.8 ± 3.3 versus 11 ± 2.9; p < 0.0001). Looking for clinically relevant one-sided taste impairment revealed 18 (13.3%) patients with hemi-ageusia, but only 4 (30.8%) of those subjectively complained of taste dysfunction. Regarding VS, Koos IV masses presented the lowest score on the affected side (mean score, 7.5 ± 3.7). Six patients presented with facial palsy. Having facial palsy did not result in a lower Taste Strips score (p = 0.23).

Conclusion
Before any CPA mass treatment, a measurable ipsilateral decrease in gustatory function is present in many patients. Most patients do not notice this preexisting taste impairment. From a medicolegal standpoint, this warrants consideration. To avoid postoperative claims regarding taste function, a preoperative assessment may be considered.
The impact of long-term (≥5 years) cholecystectomy on gut microbiota changes and its influence on colorectal cancer risk: based on 16S rDNA sequencing analysis
Authors: Zhou Xiecheng , Xu Liang , Zhang Qixing , Chen Wenqi , Xie Hongwei 
Published: July 2024

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to be a major global health concern. Recent advances in molecular biology have highlighted the gut microbiota’s role in CRC. This study investigates long-term (≥5 years) gut microbiota changes in patients postcholecystectomy, comparing them with CRC patients and healthy controls to assess their impact on CRC development.

Methods
Sixty participants were divided into three groups: 20 healthy controls, 20 postcholecystectomy (PCE) patients, and 20 CRC patients. Demographic data and stool samples were collected. Gut microbiota composition, abundance, and diversity were analyzed using high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing.

Results
Significant differences in microbial community, α-diversity (P < 0.05) and β-diversity (P = 0.006), were observed among the three groups. At the phylum level, Firmicutes abundance was significantly reduced in PCE and CRC groups compared with the control group (P = 0.002), while changes in other phyla were not significant (P>0.05). At the genus level, Bacteroides, Dialister, and Parabacteroides increased progressively from control to PCE to CRC groups (P = 0.004, 0.001, and 0.002). Prevotella decreased across these groups (P = 0.041). Faecalibacterium and Roseburia abundances were reduced in PCE and CRC groups compared with controls (P = 0.001 and 0.003). The Random Forest algorithm identified Parabacteroides, Bacteroides, Roseburia, and Dialister as key distinguishing genera.

Conclusion
The gut microbiota of long-term (≥5 years) PCE patients significantly differs from that of controls and resembles that of CRC patients, suggesting a potential link between cholecystectomy and CRC development through key microbial changes.