bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PUBLIC–PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN EDUCATION: A PROMISING MODEL FROM BRAZIL
Authors: Chattopadhay Tamo , Nogueira Olavo 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPublic–private partnership in education is increasingly viewed as an effective strategy for improving basic education in developing countries. The current paper presents a case study from Brazil about an emerging public–private partnership in secondary education between the State of Rio de Janeiro and two leading Brazilian private corporations. By employing a ‘co‐management’ governance strategy, the partnership leverages resources and technical knowledge of the private sector and offers a qualitatively different mix of academic‐focused and technology‐focused education for Brazil's public school students. The paper argues that the partnership represents a promising model for addressing the challenges of secondary education in Brazil. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Counterintuitive Photomodulation of the Thermal Phase Transition of Poly(methoxy diethylene glycol acrylate) in Aqueous Solution by trans–cis Isomerization of Copolymerized Azobenzenes
Authors: Miasnikova Anna , Benítez‐Montoya C. Adrián , Laschewsky André 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe non‐ionic monomer (methoxy diethylene glycol) acrylate is copolymerized with its azo‐dye‐functionalized acrylate analogue using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Copolymerization is increasingly difficult with increasing amounts of the azo‐dye‐bearing monomer. The resulting water‐soluble polymers are thermosensitive, exhibiting lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior, which can be modulated by the photoinduced trans–cis isomerization of the dye. While already small contents of the hydrophobic azobenzene group reduce the phase‐transition temperatures of the copolymers strongly, photoisomerization of the apolar trans‐state to the more‐polar cis‐state has only a small effect, and decreases rather than increases the cloud points.magnified image
A Novel Bioabsorbable Gel Formed from a Mixed Micelle Solution of Poly(oxyethylene)‐block‐poly(L‐lactide) and Poly(oxyethylene)‐block‐poly(D‐lactide) by Concomitant Stereocomplexation and Chain Extension
Authors: Hsu Yu‐I , Masutani Kazunari , Kimura Yoshiharu , Yamaoka Tetsuji 
Published: June 2013

AbstractFuran‐terminated poly(oxyethylene)‐block‐poly(L‐lactide) (MePEG‐PLLA‐F) and poly(oxyethylene)‐block‐poly(D‐lactide) (MePEG‐PDLA‐F) are synthesized by ring‐opening polymerization of L‐ and D‐lactides, respectively, in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether (MePEG) and the following terminal reaction with furfuryl isocyanate. Their mixed micelle solution turns to gel quickly with stereocomplexation of the enantiomeric PLLA and PDLA. When 1,8‐bis(maleimido)diethylene glycol (BMG) is added to the mixed micelle solution, the gelation is promoted by the terminal coupling of the copolymers driven by the Diels–Alder reaction of the furanyl groups and BMG giving a gel having higher strength.magnified image
Efficacy and safety of repeated dosing of netupitant, a neurokinin‐1 receptor antagonist, in treating overactive bladder
Authors: Haab F. , Braticevici B. , Krivoborodov G. , Palmas M. , Zufferli Russo M. , Pietra C. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAimNK‐1 receptors in sensory nerves, the spinal cord and bladder smooth muscle participate in complex sensory mechanisms that regulate bladder activity. This study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of a new NK‐1 receptor antagonist, netupitant, in patients with OAB.MethodsThis was a phase II, multicenter, double‐blind study in which adults with OAB symptoms >6 months were randomized to receive 1 of 3 doses of netupitant (50, 100, 200 mg) or placebo once daily for 8 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was percentage change from baseline in average number of daily micturitions at week 8. Urinary incontinence, urge urinary incontinence (UUI), and urgency episodes were also assessed.ResultsThe primary efficacy endpoint was similar in the treatment groups (−13.85 for placebo to −16.17 in the netupitant 200 mg group) with no statistically significant differences between netupitant and placebo. The same was true for most secondary endpoints although a significant difference for improvement in UUI episodes and a trend for the greatest decrease in urgency episodes were seen in the netupitant 100 mg group. Netupitant was well tolerated with most treatment emergent adverse events (AEs) being mild. While the overall incidence of AEs increased with netupitant dose, there was no evidence for this dose dependency based on relationship to treatment, intensity, or time to onset.ConclusionsThe study failed to demonstrate superiority of netupitant versus placebo in decreasing OAB symptoms, despite a trend favoring netupitant 100 mg. There were no safety concerns with daily administration of netupitant over 8 weeks. Neurourol. Urodynam. 33:335–340, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Polydipsia with water intoxication in treatment‐resistant schizophrenia
Authors: Adetoki Adeniyi , Evans Robert , Cassidy Geraldine 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPrimary polydipsia affects a significant proportion of patients with chronic schizophrenia and is associated with the use of conventional antipsychotics and acute relapse. This case report describes a man with treatment‐resistant paranoid schizophrenia who developed hyponatraemia as a consequence of drinking copious volumes of water following his admission to hospital due to an acute relapse of schizophrenia.
Characteristics and duration of mania: implications for continuation treatment
Authors: Titmarsh Steve 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIn the continuation phase of treatment for acute mania, knowledge of the natural duration of an untreated episode and the recognition of mixed states are key issues. Steve Titmarsh reports on Professor Allan Young's lecture on this important topic given at a satellite symposium organised by Lundbeck at the 12th Latest Advances in Psychiatry meeting in London in March.
Synthesis and characterization of new poly(ethyleneimine)‐g‐poly(methyl methacrylate) star‐block copolymers with hyperbranched cationic core
Authors: Beckmann Ralph , Beginn Uwe 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTHyperbranched polyethyleneimine (hb‐PEI) is used as polymeric scaffold to synthesize new PEI‐g‐polymethylmethacrylate (PEI‐g‐PMMA) block copolymers, consisting of a hyperbranched, partially quarternized cationic core, and PMMA‐arms. The arms are grafted to the PEI scaffold by means of the “grafting to” method. Ammonium groups, covalently bond to the hyperbranched core, provide good adhesion to negatively charged surfaces, even in case of low‐surface charges. The PMMA strands provide compatibility of the macromolecules to PMMA matrices, hence generating potential dispersants, and compatibilizers for PMMA. A peculiar association behavior in organic solution is observed as supported by dynamic light scattering and DOSY measurements. First evidences of the applicability of the macromolecules as dispersants to prepare PMMA‐nanocomposites are given. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 3700–3715
Regio‐selective peroxybromination of poly(vinyl methyl ketone) as versatile tool for generation active ATRP initiation sites on solid surfaces
Authors: Kumru Baris , Gure Baris , Bicak Niyazi 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTPeroxybromination or so‐called radical bromination is an environmentally friendly process which involves the use of in situ generated bromine by action of hydrogen peroxide on sodium or ammonium bromide in acid medium. The reaction takes place at room temperature without eliminating hydrobromic acid and no needs the use of elemental bromine. The reaction with poly(vinyl methyl ketone) in biphasic system was demonstrated to result in quantitative bromination exclusively at the methyne carbon of the polymer. The brominated polymer was successfully used as multifunctional macroinitiator for atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene and MMA to give bottlebrush polymers, as evidenced by 1H NMR and GPC. This strategy was demonstrated to provide a means of easy bromination of solid polystyrene microspheres (210–420 μm) constituting with vinyl methyl ketone copolymer segments. Bromoalkyl groups generated (1.3 mmol g−1) in aqueous mixture were used for surface initiated ATRP of glycidyl methacrylate and styrene monomers to give dense graft chains tethered to the surfaces with hydrolysis‐proof linkages. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 3892–3900
Spray‐processable thiazolothiazole‐based copolymers with altered donor groups and their electrochromic properties
Authors: Akpinar Hava Zekiye , Udum Yasemin Arslan , Toppare Levent 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTTwo novel thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole containing donor–acceptor type alternating copolymers, poly[2‐(5‐(2‐decyl‐2H‐benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol‐4‐yl)thiophen‐2‐yl)‐5‐(thiophen‐2‐yl)thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole] (BTzTh) and poly[2‐(5‐(2‐decyl‐2H‐benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol‐4‐yl)furan‐2‐yl)‐5‐(furan‐2‐yl)thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole] (BTzFr) were synthesized by Stille coupling polymerization and their electrochemical and electrochromic properties were explored. Electrochemical activities of the spray‐casted polymer films were determined by cyclic voltammetry. To evaluate the effect of thiophene and furan moieties on the optical properties of the copolymers, spectroelectrochemistry studies were performed. To examine the switching abilities, copolymer films were subjected to a double potential step chronoamperometry in their local maximum absorptions. Both thiazolothiazole‐containing copolymers showed multichromic properties with low band‐gap values 1.7 and 1.9 eV for BTzTh and BTzFr, respectively. The decent electrochromical properties together with solution processability make them important candidates for electrochromic applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 3901–3906
Serum Mac‐2 binding protein levels as a novel diagnostic biomarker for prediction of disease severity and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Kamada Yoshihiro , Fujii Hideki , Fujii Hironobu , Sawai Yoshiyuki , Doi Yoshinori , Uozumi Naofumi , Mizutani Kayo , Akita Maaya , Sato Motoya , Kida Sachiho , Kinoshita Noriaki , Maruyama Nobuhiro , Yakushijin Takayuki , Miyazaki Masanori , Ezaki Hisao , Hiramatsu Naoki , Yoshida Yuichi , Kiso Shinichi , Imai Yasuharu , Kawada Norifumi , Takehara Tetsuo , Miyoshi Eiji 
Published: June 2013

PurposeMac‐2 binding protein (Mac‐2bp) is one of the major fucosylated glycoproteins, which we identified with glycol‐proteomic analyses. We previously reported that fucosylated glycoproteins are secreted into bile, but scarcely secreted into sera in normal liver and hypothesized that the fucosylation‐based sorting machinery would be disrupted in ballooning hepatocytes due to the loss of cellular polarity. In the present study, we investigated the availability of Mac‐2bp for differential diagnosis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as a biomarker.Experimental designSerum Mac‐2bp levels were determined with our developed ELISA kit. Our cohort of 127 patients with NAFLD had liver biopsy to make a histological diagnosis of NASH and simple fatty liver.ResultsMac‐2bp levels were significantly elevated in NASH patients compared with non‐NASH (simple steatosis) patients (2.132 ± 1.237 vs. 1.103 ± 0.500 μg/mL, p < 0.01). The area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curve for predicting NASH by Mac‐2bp was 0.816. Moreover, multivariate logistic regression analyses showed Mac‐2bp levels could predict the fibrosis stage and the presence of ballooning hepatocytes in NAFLD patients.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThese results support the potential usefulness of measuring Mac‐2bp levels in clinical practice as a biomarker for NASH.
Interaction between docetaxel resistance and castration resistance in prostate cancer: Implications of twist1, YB‐1, and androgen receptor
Authors: Shiota Masaki , Kashiwagi Eiji , Yokomizo Akira , Takeuchi Ario , Dejima Takashi , Song YooHyun , Tatsugami Katsunori , Inokuchi Junichi , Uchiumi Takeshi , Naito Seiji 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDTaxanes, including docetaxel, are currently the only cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents proven to confer survival benefit in patients with castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, the merits of taxanes remain modest, and efforts are needed to improve their therapeutic efficacy.METHODSWe evaluated the sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to various agents using cytotoxicity assays. Gene and protein expression levels were evaluated by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis, respectively.RESULTSHydrogen peroxide‐resistant and castration‐resistant cells that overexpressed Twist1 and Y‐box binding protein‐1 (YB‐1) were cross‐resistant to cytotoxic agents, including docetaxel. Twist1 regulated YB‐1 expression in prostate cancer cells, supported by the induction of Twist1 and YB‐1 by transforming‐growth factor‐β, which is critical for taxane resistance. Twist1 and/or YB‐1 were activated in docetaxel‐resistant prostate cancer cells, and YB‐1 was activated by docetaxel treatment. Conversely, Twist1 and YB‐1 knockdown sensitized prostate cancer cells to cytotoxic agents, including docetaxel. In addition, androgen receptor (AR) knockdown increased cellular sensitivity to docetaxel, though AR expression in docetaxel‐resistant LNCaP cells was paradoxically lower than in parental cells. Intriguingly, androgen deprivation treatment was more effective in docetaxel‐resistant LNCaP cells compared with parental cells.CONCLUSIONSTwist1/YB‐1 and AR signaling promote docetaxel resistance in CRPC cells. However, docetaxel‐resistant cells were collaterally sensitive to androgen deprivation because of down‐regulation of AR expression, suggesting that the therapeutic effect of initial taxane treatment in hormone‐naïve prostate cancer may be superior to that of salvage taxane treatment in CRPC. Prostate 73:1336–1344. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thermal conductivity of silicon nanowires: From fundamentals to phononic engineering
Authors: Zhang Gang , Zhang Yong‐Wei 
Published: June 2013

Abstractmagnified imageSilicon nanowires have attracted great interest in recent years due to their ideal interface compatibility with silicon‐based electronic technology and their various potential applications, such as energy harvest and generation, and thermal management. A variety of theoretical and experimental studies have been conducted to understand the thermal properties of silicon nanowires. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in this field from the perspective of both theoretical calculations and experiments. First, we introduce the fundamental physics underlying the thermal conduction of silicon nanowires. Then, the various approaches to manipulate the thermal conductivity of silicon nanowires are discussed. Finally, based on the understanding of dominant scattering mechanisms in different phonon frequency regimes, we present the basic concept of phononic engineering to control the thermal conductivity of silicon nanowires. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Selective collision‐induced fragmentation of ortho‐hydroxybenzyl‐aminated lysyl‐containing tryptic peptides
Authors: Simon E. S. , Papoulias P. G. , Andrews P. C. 
Published: June 2013

RATIONALEIn protein studies that employ tandem mass spectrometry the manipulation of protonated peptide fragmentation through exclusive dissociation pathways may be preferred in some applications over the comprehensive amide backbone fragmentation that is typically observed. In this study, we characterized the selective cleavage of the side‐chain Cζ–Nε bond of peptides with ortho‐hydroxybenzyl‐aminated lysine residues.METHODSInternal lysyl residues of representative peptides were derivatized via reductive amination with ortho‐hydroxybenzaldehyde. The modified peptides were analyzed using collision‐induced dissociation (CID) on an Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometer. Theoretical calculations using computational methods (density functional theory) were performed to investigate the potential dissociation mechanisms for the Cζ–Nε bond of the derivatized lysyl residue resulting in the formation of the observed product ions.RESULTSTandem mass spectra of the derivatized peptide ions exhibit product peaks corresponding to selective cleavage of the side‐chain Cζ–Nε bond that links the derivative to lysine. The ortho‐hydroxybenzyl derivative is released either as a neutral moiety [C7H6O1] or as a carbocation [C7H7O1]+ through competing pathways (retro‐Michael versus Carbocation Elimination (CCE), respectively). The calculated transition state activation barriers indicate that the retro‐Michael pathway is kinetically favored over CCE and both are favored over amide cleavage.CONCLUSIONSThe application of ortho‐hydroxybenzyl amination is a promising peptide derivatization scheme for promoting selective dissociation pathways in the tandem mass spectrometry of protonated peptides. This can be implemented in the rational development of peptide reactive reagents for applications that may benefit from selective fragmentation paths (including crosslinking or MRM reagents). Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analyzing Students’ Learning in Classroom Discussions about Socioscientific Issues
Authors: RUDSBERG KARIN , ÖHMAN JOHAN , ÖSTMAN LEIF 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTIn this study, the purpose is to develop and illustrate a method that facilitates investigations of students’ learning processes in classroom discussions about socioscientific issues. The method, called transactional argumentation analysis, combines a transactional perspective on meaning making based on John Dewey's pragmatic philosophy and an argument analysis based on Toulmin's argument pattern. This analytical method consists of three steps. In the first step, we analyze the direction of the students’ meaning making, that is, the relations construed in and by action. In the second step, we use a functional interpretation of Toulmin's argument pattern to clarify the meanings in terms of argumentative elements. Finally, we investigate the students’ learning progress, both in terms of the way the arguments are constructed and the knowledge content used, by comparing each student's arguments over time. The empirical material consists of a video‐recorded lesson in a Swedish upper secondary school. Two examples of learning processes identified during the classroom discussion are described: learning to specify the conditions for one's claim and learning to find new solutions. These examples show that the suggested method can be used to identify the different kinds of learning progressions that take place during students’ argumentative discussions. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed 97:594–620, 2013
Fast authentication mechanism with provable correctness for cluster‐based VANETs
Authors: Lee Jung‐San , Huang Ya‐Chieh 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTVehicle ad hoc networks are self‐configurable networks with dynamic topologies. All involved nodes in vehicle ad hoc networks, including vehicles and roadside devices, have to share the responsibility for achieving handover operation and providing communication services. Such networks are more vulnerable to the malicious attacks than traditional wireless networks because of the shortage of the fixed infrastructure. Moreover, because the vehicles always move from one area to another very quick, how to handle the handover between roadside devices has become a crucial challenge in designing the system. For providing secure and seamless communications in such networks, we develop a robust and fast handover mechanism. We have conducted essential experiments to demonstrate the superiority of the new mechanism to other works. In particular, we have applied the BAN logic model to prove the correctness of mutual authentication between involved participants. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Concise review: Mesenchymal stem cell treatment for ischemic kidney disease
Authors: Zhu Xiang-Yang , Lerman Amir , Lerman Lilach O. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Ischemic kidney diseases are common clinical entities that bear high mortality and morbidity and may lead to irreversible loss of kidney function. Their pathophysiology is multifaceted, involves complex hormonal-immunological-cellular interactions, and leads to damage in multiple cell types, which is often resistant to conventional therapy. Thus, novel strategies are needed to repair the renal parenchyma and preserve kidney function. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) confer renal protection through paracrine/endocrine effects and to some degree possibly by direct engraftment. Their anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory properties target multiple cascades in the mechanisms of ischemic kidney disease. This review focuses on recent progress on the use of MSC to prevent kidney injury in ischemic kidney injury, with a focus on the chronic form.
Cervical pessaries for prevention of spontaneous preterm birth: past, present and future
Authors: Arabin B. , Alfirevic Z. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThis Review describes the rationale for the use of cervical pessaries to prevent spontaneous preterm birth and their gradual introduction into clinical practice, discusses technical aspects of the more commonly used designs and provides guidance for their use and future evaluation. Possible advantages of cervical pessaries include the easy, ‘one‐off’ application, good side‐effect profile, good patient tolerance and relatively low cost compared with current alternatives. Use of transvaginal sonography to assess cervical length in the second trimester allows much better selection of patients who may benefit from the use of a cervical pessary, but future clinical trials are needed to establish clearly the role of pessaries as a preterm birth prevention strategy worldwide. © 2013 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Seasonal climate predictability and forecasting: status and prospects
Authors: Doblas‐Reyes Francisco J. , García‐Serrano Javier , Lienert Fabian , Biescas Aida Pintó , Rodrigues Luis R. L. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractSeasonal climate forecasts occupy an intermediate zone between weather forecasting and climate projections. They share with the numerical weather prediction the difficulty of initializing the simulations with a realistic state of the atmosphere and the need to periodically verify different aspects of their quality, while additionally are burdened by uncertainties in feedback processes that also play a central role in constraining climate projections. Seasonal predictions have to deal also with the challenge of initializing all the components of the climate system (ocean, sea ice, and land surface). The value of skilful seasonal forecasts is obvious for many societal sectors and is currently being included in the framework of developing climate services. Seasonal forecasts will in addition be valuable by increasing the acceptance of climate projections among the general public. This advanced‐review article presents an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art in global seasonal predictability and forecasting for climate researchers and discusses fundamental advances to increase forecast quality in the near future. The article concludes with a list of challenges where seasonal forecasting is expected to focus on in the near future. WIREs Clim Change 2013, 4:245–268. doi: 10.1002/wcc.217This article is categorized under:

Climate Models and Modeling > Earth System Models
Climate Models and Modeling > Knowledge Generation with Models
Social Status of Climate Change Knowledge > Climate Science and Decision Making