bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Additive value of invasive haemodynamic assessment for predicting post-operative outcomes after Fontan
Authors: Wood Kathleen P. , Bonello Kristin E. , Plummer Sarah T. , Chamberlain Reid C. , Fleming Greg A. , Camitta Michael G.W. , Hill Kevin D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRoutine pre-Fontan cardiac catheterization remains standard practice at most centres. However, with advances in non-invasive risk assessment, an invasive haemodynamic assessment may not be necessary for all patients.Using retrospective data from patients undergoing Fontan palliation at our institution, we developed a multivariable model to predict the likelihood of a composite adverse post-operative outcome including prolonged length of stay ≥ 30 days, hospital readmission within 6 months, and death and/or transplant within 6 months. Our baseline model included non-invasive risk factors obtained from clinical history and echocardiogram. We then incrementally incorporated invasive haemodynamic data to determine if these variables improved risk prediction.Our baseline model correctly predicted favourable versus adverse post-Fontan outcomes in 118/174 (68%) patients. Covariates associated with adverse outcomes included the presence of a systemic right ventricle (adjusted adds ratio [aOR] 2.9; 95% CI 1.4, 5.8; p = 0.004), earlier surgical era (aOR 3.1 for era 1 vs 2; 95% CI 1.5, 6.5; p = 0.002), and performance of concomitant surgical procedures at the time of Fontan surgery (aOR 2.5; 95% CI 1.1, 5.0; p = 0.026). Incremental addition of invasively acquired haemodynamic data did not improve model performance or percentage of outcomes predicted.Invasively acquired haemodynamic data does not add substantially to non-invasive risk stratification in the majority of patients. Pre-Fontan catheterization may still be beneficial for angiographic evaluation of anatomy, for therapeutic intervention, and in select patients with equivocal risk stratification.
The Legal Objectives of the EU Emissions Trading System: An Evaluation Framework
Authors: Kotzampasakis Manolis , Woerdman Edwin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractClimate policies are often evaluated using criteria that are heterogeneous and misaligned with the stated aims of these policies. By combining legal research methods with insights from economic theory, we systematically map and analyze the legal objectives of the European Union (EU) Emissions Trading System (ETS), a key climate policy instrument. We find that the EU ETS is shaped by a nuanced internal normative framework, the principal goal of which is emissions reduction, combined with three secondary goals of cost-effectiveness, economic efficiency and equity, and a meta-goal of coherence. Based on the contents and interrelations of these legal objectives, we formulate evaluation criteria that can be used to critically analyze and evaluate the EU ETS performance in a more comprehensive, transparent, and comparable manner. The resulting methodology is applicable to other environmental policies and jurisdictions.
Gut microbiota-derived indole-3-acetic acid suppresses high myopia progression by promoting type I collagen synthesis
Authors: Li Hao , Du Yu , Cheng Kaiwen , Chen Yuxi , Wei Ling , Pei Yujun , Wang Xiaoyu , Wang Lan , Zhang Ye , Hu Xiaoxin , Lu Yi , Zhu Xiangjia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHigh myopia (HM) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide with currently no effective interventions available. A major hurdle lies in its often isolated perception as a purely ocular morbidity, disregarding potential systemic implications. Recent evidence suggests the existence of a gut-eye axis; however, the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of HM remains largely unexplored. Herein, we provide a potential crosstalk among HM’s gut dysbiosis, microbial metabolites, and scleral remodeling. Utilizing 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we observed an altered gut microbiota profile in HM patients with a significant reduction in probiotic abundance compared with healthy controls. Subsequent targeted metabolic profiling revealed a notable decrease in plasma levels of the gut microbiota-derived metabolite indole-3-acetic acid (3-IAA) among HM patients, which is closely associated with the reduced probiotics, both negatively correlated with HM severity. Genetic analyses determined that gut microbiota are causally associated with myopia risk. Importantly, when mice subjected to HM modeling receive fecal microbiota transplantation from healthy donors, there is an increase in 3-IAA plasma levels and simultaneous retardation of HM progression along with better maintenance of collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) expression in the sclera. Furthermore, 3-IAA gavage achieves similar effects. Mechanistic investigations confirm the transcriptional activation of COL1A1 by 3-IAA via promoting the enrichment of SP1 to its promoter. Together, our findings provide novel insights into the gut microbiota-eye axis in the pathogenesis of HM and propose new strategies for HM intervention by remodeling the gut microbiota and indole supplementation.
Healthy Eating and Active Lifestyle after Bowel Cancer (HEAL ABC)—feasibility randomised controlled trial
Authors: Sremanakova Jana , Sowerbutts Anne Marie , Todd Chris , Cooke Richard , Pearce Lyndsay , Leiberman David , McLaughlin John , Hill Jim , Ashby Helen , Ramesh Aswatha , Burden Sorrel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Evidence from cohort studies indicates that a healthy lifestyle can improve cancer survival but evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCT) is lacking. Thus, this study tested the feasibility of conducting a lifestyle intervention in patients after colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment.

Methods
An intervention was developed based on World Cancer Research Fund and American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) recommendations, the Health Action Process Approach, Motivational Interviewing and tested a feasibility, mixed-methods RCT. Participants were allocated to a three-month telephone-based intervention versus standard care control group. The follow up period was six months. Data on feasibility and secondary outcomes were collected and analysed using Stata (V15, StataCorp LLC) and NVivo 12 (QSR International Pty Ltd., Doncaster, VIC).

Results
Recruitment was challenging (31 ineligible, 37 declined; recruitment rate = 48.6%.). In total, 34/35 participants completed the intervention, and 31 (89%) completed follow up; all 31 completers participated in six telephone calls during intervention and six months follow up. Study retention was 97% (34/35) and 89% (31/35) at three and six months, respectively. Data completion rates were high (>90%). Intervention was acceptable to participants, met their needs and kept them accountable towards their goals. Participants in the intervention group showed significant improvement in WCRF/AICR, Diet Quality Index-International score and a 10% reduction in ultra-processed food consumption.

Conclusions
The HEAL ABC intervention was feasible for 87% of intervention participants, supporting them in healthy lifestyle changes. However, alternative recruitment strategies are needed for a fully powered RCT to determine the effectiveness of the intervention.
An improved dataset of force fields, electronic and physicochemical descriptors of metabolic substrates
Authors: Macorano Alessio , Mazzolari Angelica , Malloci Giuliano , Pedretti Alessandro , Vistoli Giulio , Gervasoni Silvia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn silico prediction of xenobiotic metabolism is an important strategy to accelerate the drug discovery process, as candidate compounds often fail in clinical phases due to their poor pharmacokinetic profiles. Here we present MetaQM, a dataset of quantum-mechanical (QM) optimized metabolic substrates, including force field parameters, electronic and physicochemical properties. MetaQM comprises 2054 metabolic substrates extracted from the MetaQSAR database. We provide QM-optimized geometries, General Amber Force Field (FF) parameters for all studied molecules, and an extended set of structural and physicochemical descriptors as calculated by DFT and PM7 methods. The generated data can be used in different types of analysis. FF parameters can be applied to perform classical molecular mechanics calculations as exemplified by the validating molecular dynamics simulations reported here. The calculated descriptors can represent input features for developing improved predictive models for metabolism and drug design, as exemplified in this work. Finally, the QM-optimized molecular structures are valuable starting points for both ligand- and structure-based analyses such as pharmacophore mapping and docking simulations.
Examining the clinical and genetic spectrum of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) in Iran
Authors: Asgarian Sara , Lanjanian Hossein , Rahimipour Anaraki Shiva , Hadaegh Farzad , Moazzam-Jazi Maryam , Najd-Hassan-Bonab Leila , Masjoudi Sajedeh , Zahedi Asiyeh Sadat , Zarkesh Maryam , Shalbafan Bita , Akbarzadeh Mahdi , Tehrani Fateh Sahand , Khalili Davood , Momenan Amirabbas , Sarbazi Narges , Hedayati Mehdi , Azizi Fereidoun , Daneshpour Maryam S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMaturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is an uncommon monogenic type of diabetes mellitus. Detecting genetic variants for MODY is a necessity for precise diagnosis and treatment. The majority of MODY genetic predisposition has been documented in European populations and a lack of information is present in Iranians which leads to misdiagnosis as a consequence of defects in unknown variants. In this study, using genetic variant information of 20,002 participants from the family-based TCGS (Tehran Cardiometabolic Genetic Study) cohort, we evaluated the genetic spectrum of MODY in Iran. We concentrated on previously discovered MODY-causing genes. Genetic variants were evaluated for their pathogenicity. We discovered 6 variants that were previously reported in the ClinVar as pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) for MODY in 45 participants from 24 families (INS in 21 cases, GCK in 13, HNF1B in 8, HNF4A, HNF1A, and CEL in 1 case). One potential MODY variant with Uncertain Risk Allele in ClinVar classification was also identified, which showed complete disease penetrance (100%) in four subjects from one family. This is the first family-based study to define the genetic spectrum and estimate the prevalence of MODY in Iran. The discovered variants need to be investigated by additional studies.
Development of novel low-cost isolator UMELI (unbonded mesh elastomeric layered isolator): experimental investigations
Authors: Md. Zoheb Nawaz , S C Mohan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSeismic isolation is a highly efficacious method for reducing the seismic load on structures. This technique is widely adopted to safeguard structures from earthquakes. Despite the promising results demonstrated by numerous isolation techniques, their implementation remains a significant challenge, particularly in developing countries, due to the high costs associated with manufacturing. Therefore, a novel and affordable base isolation technique has been proposed, namely unbonded mesh elastomeric layered isolator (UMELI). UMELI consists of steel mesh sandwiched between the unbonded layers of elastomers, resulting in an affordable isolator to be used for lightweight, low-rise structures. One of the crucial characteristics of this novel isolator is that it does not require a specialised manufacturing process unlike other elastomeric isolators. In the present study, experimental investigations are conducted to evaluate the dynamic characteristics such as dynamic vertical stiffness, equivalent lateral stiffness, and equivalent viscous damping ratio of UMELI. Its characteristics were studied for different layered isolators and are compared with the unreinforced elastomeric isolator. The investigations have demonstrated the effectiveness of the UMELI by increasing its vertical stiffness and reducing lateral stiffness, thereby enhancing the isolation period with the addition of a steel mesh layer.
Heterochromatin formation and remodeling by IRTKS condensates counteract cellular senescence
Authors: Xie Jia , Lu Zhao-Ning , Bai Shi-Hao , Cui Xiao-Fang , Lian He-Yuan , Xie Chen-Yi , Wang Na , Wang Lan , Han Ze-Guang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHeterochromatin, a key component of the eukaryotic nucleus, is fundamental to the regulation of genome stability, gene expression and cellular functions. However, the factors and mechanisms involved in heterochromatin formation and maintenance still remain largely unknown. Here, we show that insulin receptor tyrosine kinase substrate (IRTKS), an I-BAR domain protein, is indispensable for constitutive heterochromatin formation via liquid‒liquid phase separation (LLPS). In particular, IRTKS droplets can infiltrate heterochromatin condensates composed of HP1α and diverse DNA-bound nucleosomes. IRTKS can stabilize HP1α by recruiting the E2 ligase Ubc9 to SUMOylate HP1α, which enables it to form larger phase-separated droplets than unmodified HP1α. Furthermore, IRTKS deficiency leads to loss of heterochromatin, resulting in genome-wide changes in chromatin accessibility and aberrant transcription of repetitive DNA elements. This leads to activation of cGAS-STING pathway and type-I interferon (IFN-I) signaling, as well as to the induction of cellular senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) responses. Collectively, our findings establish a mechanism by which IRTKS condensates consolidate constitutive heterochromatin, revealing an unexpected role of IRTKS as an epigenetic mediator of cellular senescence.
Rotor unmanned aerial vehicle localization in the building sheltered area based on millimetre‐wave frequency‐modulated continuous wave radar
Authors: Zhang Wanyu , Zeng Xiaolu , Yang Yifei , Zhong Shichao , Gong Junbo , Yang Xiaopeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) play an important role in both military and civilian fields nowadays. The safety risks associated with the UAVs increase the urgent need for detecting UAVs in urban environments as well. Moreover, UAVs are easily located in the non‐line‐of‐sight (NLOS) building sheltered area relative to the radar, making it very challenging to detect and localise. A novel algorithm for localising the rotor UAV in the common L‐shaped street building sheltered area is proposed. First, the authors establish a multipath signal model for a rotor UAV hovering over an L‐shaped street scene, leveraging the frequency‐modulated continuous wave signal. Then, the multipath information of the UAV is extracted by identifying the rotating periodicity of the blade embedded in the time‐frequency spectrum of the received signal. The back projection imaging is then conducted on the UAV‐related multipath. After extracting multipath ghosts in the image, the street area, where the UAV locates, can be determined, and the UAV is further localised using the path reflection characteristics of this area. Simulations and practical experiments based on millimetre waves indicate that the proposed method can enable high‐accuracy estimation of rotor UAV in the NLOS building sheltered area.
Die Bedeutung der Kombination von Pharmakodynamik und Pharmakoepidemiologie für das Verständnis und die Verbesserung der Arzneimittelsicherheit
Authors: Zeiss René , Gahr Maximilian , Connemann Bernhard , Durner Verena , Malejko Kathrin 
Published: August 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Gegenstand und Ziel Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht den kombinierten Ansatz von Pharmakoepidemiologie und Pharmakodynamik hinsichtlich seines Potenzials, das Verständnis und die Verbesserung der Arzneimittelsicherheit zu fördern.
Material und Methoden Die vorliegende narrative Übersichtsarbeit basiert auf einer umfassenden Literaturrecherche in der bibliografischen Datenbank MEDLINE. Der Fokus liegt auf Studien, die pharmakodynamische und pharmakoepidemiologische Daten integrieren.
Ergebnisse Die Integration pharmakodynamischer Daten, wie Rezeptorbindungsaffinitäten, mit pharmakoepidemiologischen Daten aus Spontanmeldedatenbanken hat bedeutende Erkenntnisse über die Mechanismen hinter Arzneimittelnebenwirkungen geliefert. In diesem Kontext haben Studien Korrelationen zwischen Rezeptoraffinitäten und unerwünschten Arzneimittelwirkungen aufgezeigt. Exemplarisch seien die Affinität zum Serotonintransporter und Blutungen sowie die Affinität zum Histamin-H1-Rezeptor und Diabetes genannt. Diese Erkenntnisse tragen zu einer Verbesserung unseres Verständnisses der Sicherheitsprofile von Arzneimitteln bei.
Schlussfolgerungen und klinische Relevanz Der pharmakodynamisch-pharmakoepidemiologische Ansatz ermöglicht wertvolle Einblicke in die Mechanismen und Risiken von Arzneimittelnebenwirkungen, insbesondere in der Psychopharmakologie.
eHealth im Community Health Nursing
Authors: Iversen Linda , Weritz Jonathan , Nock Annike , Waidhas Lukas , Petersen-Ewert Corinna 
Published: August 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGHintergrund: Die steigende Prävalenz von Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 ist ein Gesundheitsproblem von globalem Ausmaß. Digitale Anwendungen in Form von Health Apps können Patient*innen bei der Alltagsbewältigung der Erkrankung unterstützen und die Versorgungsqualität steigern. Ein Problem stellen die unübersichtliche Fülle an mobilen Anwendungen sowie die fehlende Analyse zur Qualität und Handhabbarkeit dar. Community Health Nurses verfügen über die Kompetenz, geeignete Health Apps zu implementieren und insbesondere den Patient*innen näherzubringen.Methodik: Um einen Überblick über die Wirksamkeit von Diabetes Health Apps von Diabetes Typ 2 zu erhalten, wurde im ersten Schritt eine systematische Literaturrecherche in internationalen Datenbanken abgeschlossen. Im nächsten Schritt wurde anhand ausgewählter Kriterien eine Analyse mit der Fragestellung, welche Health Apps sich im Setting von Community Health Nursing in der Versorgung von Patient*innen mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 eignen, durchgeführt.Ergebnisse: Insgesamt konnten 10 Studien in die Analyse der Literaturrecherche einbezogen werden. Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass sich durch die Verwendung von Diabetes Health Apps positive Effekte auf verschiedene klinische Ergebnisparameter erzielen lassen. In die Analyse aktueller Diabetes Health Apps wurden insgesamt N = 21 mobile Anwendungen inkludiert, von denen 5 Apps zwischen 6 und 7 der in der Literatur als wirksam identifizierten Auswahlkriterien aufweisen.Schlussfolgerung: Health Apps können die Versorgungspraxis verbessern. Fünf der untersuchten Diabetes-Apps erfüllen die Voraussetzungen, um effektiv im Community Health Nursing eingesetzt zu werden.
Additional 30-second observation of the right-sided colon for missed polyp detection with linked color imaging compared with narrow band imaging
Authors: Hashimoto Hikaru , Yoshida Naohisa , Inagaki Yoshikazu , Fukumoto Kohei , Hasegawa Daisuke , Okuda Kotaro , Tomie Akira , Yasuda Ritsu , Morimoto Yasutaka , Murakami Takaaki , Inada Yutaka , Tomita Yuri , Kobayashi Reo , Inoue Ken , Hirose Ryohei , Dohi Osamu , Itoh Yoshito 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims We previously demonstrated the efficacy of an additional-30-seconds (Add-30s) observation with linked color imaging (LCI) or narrow band imaging (NBI) of the cecum and ascending colon (right-sided colon) after white light imaging (WLI) observation for improving adenoma detection rate (ADR) by 3% to 10%. We herein compared Add-30s LCI with Add-30s NBI in a large number of cases.
Patients and methods We retrospectively collected 1023 and 1011 cases with Add-30s LCI and NBI observation for right-sided colon in 11 affiliated institutions from 2018 to 2022 and propensity score matching was performed. Add-30s observation was as follows. First observation: WLI observation of the right-sided colon as first observation. Second observation: Reobservation of right-sided colon by Add-30s LCI or NBI. The comparison of the mean numbers of adenoma+sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) and adenomas per patient (MASP and MUTYH-associated polyposis) were analyzed in the Add-30s LCI/NBI groups. The increase in right-sided ADR was also analyzed in the groups.
Results Among 748 matched cases in the Add-30s LCI/NBI groups, the MASP and MAP were 0.18/0.19 (P = 0.54) and 0.14/0.15 (P = 0.70). Among experts, they were 0.17/0.22 (P = 0.16) and 0.15/0.21 (P = 0.08). Among non-experts, they were 0.13/0.12 (P = 0.71) and 0.12/0.07 (P = 0.04). The right-sided ADRs of the first+second observations in the LCI and NBI groups were 32.2% and 28.9% (P = 0.16) and the increase of ADRs were 7.5% and 7.2% (P = 0.84).
Conclusions In right-sided colon, the detection of adenoma/SSL did not differ between Add-30s LCI and NBI. Both of them significantly increased ADR.
Borane-Catalyzed Divergent para and ortho C-Alkylation of Arylamines Using Benzylic Alcohols
Authors: Hu Hao-Lan , Chen Peng , Jiang Yi-Jun , Niu Yu-Dan , Li Meng-Yuan , Shi Jianghuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA catalyst-controlled divergent alkylation of diarylamines with benzylic alcohols has been developed. A para C-alkylation of diarylamines could be achieved by using B(C6F5)3 as the catalyst, whereas ortho C-alkylation of diarylamines could be achieved by using HBF4·Et2O as the catalyst. The salient features of this transformation include readily available materials, a broad substrate scope, easily available catalysts, and simple and mild reaction conditions.
Nudging towards Sleep-Friendly Health Care: A Multifaceted Approach on Reducing Unnecessary Overnight Interventions
Authors: Kadura Sullafa , Eisner Lauren , Lopa Samia H. , Poulakis Alexander , Mesmer Hannah , Willnow Nicole , Pigeon Wilfred R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Choice architecture refers to the design of decision environments, which can influence decision-making in health care. Nudges are subtle adjustments in these environments that guide decisions toward desired outcomes. For example, computerized provider order entry within electronic health records (EHRs) recommends frequencies for interventions such as nursing assessments and medication administrations, but these can link to around-the-clock schedules without clinical necessity.
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate an intervention to promote sleep-friendly practices by optimizing choice architecture and employing targeted nudges on inpatient order frequencies.
Methods We employed a quasi-experimental interrupted time series analysis of a multifaceted, multiphase intervention to reduce overnight interventions in a hospital system. Our intervention featured EHR modifications to optimize the scheduling of vital sign checks, neurological checks, and medication administrations. Additionally, we used targeted secure messaging reminders and education on an inpatient neurology unit (INU) to supplement the initiative.
Results Significant increases in sleep-friendly medication orders were observed at the academic medical center (AMC) and community hospital affiliate (CHA), particularly for acetaminophen and heparin at the AMC. This led to a reduction in overnight medication administrations, with the most substantial impact observed with heparin at all locations (CHA: 18%, AMC: 10%, INU: 10%, p < 0.05). Sleep-friendly vital sign orders increased significantly at all sites (AMC: 6.7%, CHA: 4.3%, INU: 14%, p < 0.05), and sleep-friendly neuro check orders increased significantly at the AMC (8.1%, p < 0.05). There was also a significant immediate reduction in overnight neurological checks performed at the AMC.
Discussion Tailoring EHR modifications and employing multifaceted nudging strategies emerged as promising approaches for reducing unnecessary overnight interventions. The observed shifts in sleep-friendly ordering translated into decreases in overnight interventions.
Conclusion Multifaceted nudges can effectively influence clinician decision-making and patient care. The varied impacts across nudge types and settings emphasizes the importance of thoughtful nudge design and understanding local workflows.