bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Community Engagement during Guinea Worm and Polio Eradication Endgames in Chad: Recommendations for “Last Mile” Programming
Authors: Delea Maryann G. , Browne Lalique , Kaji Severin , Weiss Adam J. , Tchindebet Ouakou 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT.
Community engagement is a strategy commonly used in health and development programming. Many disease eradication programs engage with communities through different structures and mechanisms to detect, report, contain, and respond to the diseases they target. Qualitative operational research was conducted in a district of Chad co-endemic for both dracunculiasis (i.e., Guinea worm disease) and circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus to reveal factors influencing community engagement behavior in the context of eradication-related programming. Women and men from six communities and stakeholders from the local, district, and central levels were recruited to participate in focus group discussions and semi-structured in-depth interviews. A thematic analysis was performed to identify barriers and facilitators of community engagement. Barriers to community engagement included mistrust in exogenously established health program initiatives (i.e., initiatives designed by partners external to targeted program communities) resulting from negative past experiences with external entities and community groups and the lure of profit-motivating community engagement. Subgroup and intersectionality analyses revealed that gender and other identities influence whether and to what extent certain members of the community engage in a meaningful way. Facilitators of community engagement included leadership and the influence of authorities and leaders in community participation, perceived benefits of being engaged with community-based initiatives, and use of incentives to enhance community participation. Study findings may be used to inform the refinement of community engagement approaches in Chad and learning agendas for other “last mile” disease eradication programs.
Progress Toward Onchocerciasis Elimination in Brazil
Authors: Pereira de Araujo João Luiz , Ríos Dalila , Grillet Maria Eugenia , da Cruz Alda Maria , Rakers Lindsay , Richards Frank , Francis Schuertz Heriberto , Durães Sandra Maria Barbosa 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT.
The single onchocerciasis-endemic focus in the remote Amazon rainforest is shared by Brazil and Venezuela and affects primarily the indigenous Yanomami people. Regional elimination of onchocerciasis is challenged by the magnitude and inaccessibility of this area. In Brazil, 272 onchocerciasis-endemic communities are operationally organized through 21 health centers (“polos bases”). Mass drug administration of ivermectin began in 1995, with 36 effective biannual rounds (≥85% coverage of the eligible population) through 2022. The national on chocerciasis program maintains community-level monitoring to prioritize treatment activities and epidemiological surveys. The Onchocerciasis Elimination Program for the Americas and the WHO onchocerciasis elimination guidelines have helped Brazil move toward its goal of stopping ivermectin treatment by 2025 and verifying transmission elimination by 2030. Additional challenges to the Brazilian onchocerciasis program include cross-border movements and insecurity due to illegal mining and inter-community conflicts. The new government in Brazil offers hope given its commitment to the equity of indigenous people and preservation of the Amazon environment.
Slaying the Serpent: A Research Agenda to Expand Intervention Development and Accelerate Guinea Worm Eradication Efforts
Authors: Delea Maryann G. , Sack Alexandra , Eneanya Obiora A. , Thiele Elizabeth , Roy Sharon L. , Sankara Dieudonne , Ijaz Kashef , Hopkins Donald R. , Weiss Adam J. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT.
Dracunculiasis, also known as Guinea worm disease, is targeted to become the second human disease and first parasitic infection to be eradicated. The global Guinea Worm Eradication Program (GWEP), through community-based interventions, reduced the burden of disease from an estimated 3.5 million cases per year in 1986 to only 13 human cases in 2022. Despite progress, in 2012 Guinea worm disease was detected in domesticated dogs and later in domesticated cats and baboons. Without previous development of any Guinea worm therapeutics, diagnostic tests to detect pre-patent Guinea worm infection, or environmental surveillance tools, the emergence of Guinea worm disease in animal hosts—a threat to eradication—motivated an assessment of evidence gaps and research opportunities. This gap analysis informed the refinement of a robust research agenda intended to generate new evidence and identify additional tools for national GWEPs and to better align the global GWEP with a 2030 Guinea worm eradication certification target. This paper outlines the rationale for the development and expansion of the global GWEP Research Agenda and summarizes the results of the gap analysis that was conducted to identify Guinea worm–related research needs and opportunities. We describe five work streams informed by the research gap analysis that underpin the GWEP Research Agenda and address eradication endgame challenges through the employment of a systems-informed One Health approach. We also discuss the infrastructure in place to disseminate new evidence and monitor research results as well as plans for the continual review of evidence and research priorities.
Dermatophytosis Caused by Trichophyton indotineae (Trichophyton mentagrophytes ITS Genotype VIII) in Sri Lanka
Authors: Madarasingha Nayani P. , Thabrew Harshini , Uhrlass Silk , Eriyagama Surammika , Reinal Dieter , Jayasekera Primali I. , Nenoff Pietro 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT.
Over the past few years, a recalcitrant dermatophytosis has been observed on the Indian subcontinent, including Sri Lanka, which has caused a major public health issue in the region. An emerging species, Trichophyton indotineae, first described as Trichophyton mentagrophytes ITS genotype VIII, is thought to be responsible for this fast-spreading, mostly terbinafine-resistant dermatophytosis. Recalcitrant dermatophytosis is a challenge to dermatologists, and knowing the causative species and antifungal sensitivity in the earlier stage of management would be invaluable. We report a case series of patients with dermatophytosis caused by T. indotineae in Sri Lanka. This is the first detection of this highly terbinafine-resistant strain in Sri Lanka, and existence of this species should be taken seriously by dermatologists and healthcare policymakers for better management of tinea infections and antifungal stewardship in the country.
Colorado Tick Fever in the United States, 2013–2022
Authors: Fagre Anna , Lehman Jennifer , Hills Susan L. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT.
Colorado tick fever (CTF) virus is an arbovirus maintained in an enzootic cycle between Rocky Mountain wood ticks (Dermacentor andersoni) and rodent species in the western United States. Individuals with CTF typically present with symptoms including fever, headache, myalgia, and lethargy, with a biphasic illness frequently occurring. We reviewed data on CTF cases reported to the national U.S. arboviral disease surveillance system and identified through testing at the CDC to characterize the epidemiology of CTF from 2013–2022. During this period, 148 CTF cases were identified, all likely infected in an endemic area in one of six states (Montana, Wyoming, Oregon, Colorado, Utah, Idaho). A median of 11 cases (range: 5–37) were identified per year, with an average annual national incidence of 0.04 cases per million population. The median age of cases was 55 years (range: 1–84 years), and 96 (65%) were male. Most (n = 145; 98%) cases acquired infection from April through July. The hospitalization rate was 16% (16 of 102 cases with data), and no deaths were reported. These findings substantiate the continued circulation of CTF virus in the western United States, highlighting the importance of implementing approaches to ensure CTF awareness for medical providers and providing education on tick bite prevention strategies for residents and visitors to risk areas.
Clinicoepidemiological Profile of Ciguatera Cardiotoxicity: A Systematic Review
Authors: Morihara Clarke , Yinadsawaphan Thanaboon , Capirig Christian John , Fujiuchi Bradley , Hirao Yusuke , Hu Joshua , Malone Reed McCardell , Neuendorf Jadon , Neuendorf Sable , Ongsupankul Sorawit , Shiraishi Kazushige , Benavente Kevin , Nishimura Yoshito 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT.
Patients with ciguatera poisoning commonly present with gastrointestinal and neurologic symptoms, but its cardiotoxicity has been largely unrecognized. This systematic review is the first to summarize the evidence regarding clinical characteristics of cardiotoxicity from ciguatera poisoning to provide the illness script and pertinent knowledge for clinicians. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, we searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for all peer-reviewed articles using keywords including “ciguatera” and “cardiotoxicity” from their inception to January 2024. We included 20 articles, including 148 cases, in this systematic review. Among the included cases, the median age was 54 years with male predominance (62.2%). Based on the WHO designation, 68.5% were reported from the Western Pacific Region. Common symptoms included hypotension (75.0%) and bradycardia (67.6%), and chest pain or syncope were less commonly reported (2.7% and 1.4%, respectively). Sinus bradycardia was the most common electrocardiogram abnormality (35.9%), followed by atrioventricular blocks (15.4%). Symptomatic treatments such as atropine, dopamine, and epinephrine were commonly used, and only 4.1% required intensive care unit admission. None expired due to cardiotoxicity from ciguatera. This review summarizes the current evidence and the characteristics of cardiotoxicity from ciguatera. Although ciguatera cardiotoxicity is currently underrecognized, increased awareness of the condition in clinicians is crucial because the clinical outcomes of the patients could be benign as long as it is identified and intervened early.
Transformações Territoriais no Estado do Espírito Santo e a Dinâmica Migratória no Município de Cachoeiro de Itapemirim (ES)
Authors: Oliveira dos Santos Yago , Mariano Dota Ednelson 
Published: July 2024

A dinâmica migratória no interior do Brasil vem se modificando, assim como em outras partes que concentram maior volume de população e recursos econômicos. Neste artigo analisamos como as mudanças na migração do município de Cachoeiro de Itapemirim (ES) refletem as transformações territoriais em curso no estado do Espírito Santo. São utilizados para a análise os dados de migração do Censo Demográfico de 1991, 2000 e 2010, além dos dados da RAIS Como resultado, verificou-se que a mudança do saldo migratório foi resultado da estagnação econômica do município, provocada pelas transformações territoriais derivadas das mudanças na alocação dos investimentos econômicos e das infraestruturas instaladas no estado, que estão se direcionando nas últimas décadas para a porção litorânea do estado.
PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN KEPADA IBU PKK DI DUSUN JLOPO,KELURAHAN GEDANGAN,KECAMATAN GROGOL ,KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO TENTANG DAGUSIBU (DAPATKAN, GUNAKAN, SIMPAN, DAN BUANG) OBAT DAN LIMA O
Authors: Hadi Verawati , Setiana Eva , Putri L Marcela Dwi , Arlinkha Khanza 
Published: July 2024

Tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai obat masih sangat kurang, salah satu nya yaitu kesalahan dalam menggunakan obat. Masyarakat terbiasa dengan hanya cukup megonsumsi obat saja tanpa mengetahui bagaimana penggunaan obat dengan benar. Salah satu pengelolaan obat dengan baik dan benar yaitu dengan menerapkan DAGUSIBU (dapatkan, gunakan, simpan dan buang) dan tanya 5O. dengan adanya kegiatan penyuluhan pemaparan ini diharapkan warga masyarakat dapat lebih mengetahui dan memahami, serta menggunakan obat dengan benar. Metode yang di gunakan pada penyuluhan DAGUSIBU dan 5O yaitu membagikan brosur obat dan bungkus obat untuk diskusi dan pengisian formulir FGD (focus Group Discussion) dilanjutkan sesi tanya jawab mengenai materi secara keseluruhan. Tujuan penggunaan metode tersebut yaitu agar adanya keterbaruan dengan metode penyuluhan yang lain, dapat meningkatkan pemahaman warga serta menerapkan DAGUSIBU dan 5O dengan baik dan benar. Acara kegiatan sosialisasi ini berjalan lancar dan peseta antusias dalam mendengarkan informasi yang disampaikan serta aktif bertanya terkait dengan materi yang disampaikan. Sosialisasi ini mendukung program GeMa CerMat yaitu gerakan Tanya obat yang mengajak masyarakat agar berperan aktif dalam mencari informasi terkait obat yang digunakan.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN NATURAL HERBAL SOAP SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN PKK DESA TRIYAGAN
Authors: Sari Ghani Nurfiana Fadma , Rejeki Endang Sri , Turahman Taufik , Rahayu Mamik Ponco , Harmastuti Nuraini 
Published: July 2024

Masyarakat Karangturi desa Triyagan, Kecamatan Mojolaban, Kabupaten Sukoharjo masih memerlukan pelatihan untuk meningkatan perawatan serta kesehatan keluarga terutama menggunakan bahan tradisional yang mudah didapatkan dan menciptakan motivasi perintisan home indutri dalam upaya peningkatan kewirausahaan dan perekonomian warga. Maka dari itu diperlukan adanya kegiatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan pembuatan Natural Herbal Soap. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dirancang dalam dua kegiatan, yaitu: Pertama, penyuluhan tentang peran bahan alami tradisional dalam kesehatan. Kedua, pelatihan pembuatan Natural Herbal Soap dari campuran antara minyak (minyak zaitun dan minyak kelapa) dengan larutan alkali (NaOH) sehingga membentuk padatan yang mengental yang disebut trace, kemudian ditambahkan minyak essensial (greentea, chamomile, sereh) secukupnya dan dihomogenkan lalu dibiarkan memadat. Target serta objek dari kegiatan ini adalah masyarakat akan mendapat tambahan keterampilan membuat Natural Herbal Soap yang dapat dilakukan dengan mudah dan dengan modal kecil sehingga dapat sebagai salah satu alternatif peningkatan kewirausahaan keluarga dan juga dapat digunakan untuk peningkatan kesehatan keluarga sehari-hari.
Revisão sistemática da literatura no tratamento cirúrgico da Rinossinusite Crônica na infância: qual a melhor abordagem?
Authors: Quintaes Catarina Mathias Di Guimarães de Aquino , Castro Camila Taveira de , Nogueira Ana Clara Santana , Palácios Junior Esteban 
Published: July 2024

Introdução: a Rinossinusite Crônica (RSC) pediátrica pode ser definida como a presença de dois ou mais sintomas. Um desses, pelo menos, deve ser a obstrução nasal/congestão nasal ou a rinorreia nasal (anterior ou posterior), acompanhados ou não de dor/pressão facial e tosse por pelo menos 12 semanas, confirmado por exame de tomografia computadorizada dos seios paranasais (TC SPN) ou endoscopia nasal. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o tratamento cirúrgico da rinossinusite crônica na população pediátrica e qual seria o tipo de abordagem com melhores resultados. Materiais, sujeitos e métodos: Foram utilizados artigos publicados na base de dados do SciELO e PubMED, entre os anos de 2003 e 2019. Resultados e Discussão: A literatura sobre rinossinusite crônica em adultos é extensa, com múltiplos estudos randomizados controlados validando diversas técnicas cirúrgicas. Em contraste, há uma escassez de estudos focados na população pediátrica, evidenciando a necessidade urgente de pesquisas adicionais para estabelecer diretrizes mais robustas e eficazes para o tratamento cirúrgico da rinossinusite crônica em crianças. A variabilidade nas respostas ao tratamento e as diferentes comorbidades associadas sublinham a complexidade da doença na infância e a necessidade de abordagens mais personalizadas. Considerações Finais: O tratamento cirúrgico pode ser indicado na rinossinusite crônica na infância após falha terapêutica. Os resultados apontaram que a adenoidectomia, quando associada a algum tipo de abordagem aos seios, apresenta melhores resultados.
Avaliação da percepção vertical subjetiva em pacientes com Acidente Vascular Cerebral: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Lopes Ingrid Fernandes , Ricci Henrique Nunes de Araújo , Andrade Rafael Hubner , Montenegro Luana Sales , David Luciana Kuster 
Published: July 2024

Introdução: O Acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) é a principal causa de comprometimento da verticalidade em adultos, trazendo prejuízo no equilíbrio e resultando na limitação das funções adequadas das atividades diárias. Dentro desse âmbito foram revistos os métodos em saúde utilizados para mensurar essa percepção nos indivíduos acometidos. Objetivo: O presente artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura do conhecimento atual sobre a escalas de percepção em saúde, sobre a avaliação subjetiva dessa verticalidade em pacientes com sequelas de acidente vascular cerebral. Materiais, sujeitos e métodos: Para a elaboração deste artigo de revisão foram consultados artigos científicos e artigos de revisão publicados e referenciados na Medline/PubMED, SciELO entre 2006 e 2017 e o livro texto de clínica médica e neurologia. Resultados e discussão: Evidências mostram forte correlação entre a região do hemisfério cerebral acometida, local de avaliação, posição e a fase da doença em que se encontram os pacientes pós AVC. Sendo na maioria das vezes, o protocolo realizado, o visual vertical subjetivo (SVV), seguido pelo vertical postural subjetiva (SPV), sendo encontrado dados com dados de grande variabilidade. Considerações finais: A avaliação do paciente pós AVC, sofreu muitas interferências a despeito de como foram realizados os testes, com necessidade de uma melhor divisão futura entre quais fases da doença podem ser comparados. Embora já seja esperada que o AVC, traga aos pacientes prejuízos motores e de equilíbrio associados, a avaliação necessita ser otimizada.
Understanding of Connectivity and Interlinkages between Human Activities and Climate Change: Community Perspectives from Kenya
Authors: Kibue G , Kirui K 
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This study was conducted in Nakuru County, Kenya and aimed at assessing the community knowledge of the complex interrelationship between individual and collective activities and climate change in Kenya. Specifically, we assessed the knowledge and perception of climate change, grassroot information flow on Greenhouse Gas (GHGs) and climate change, and local practices/activities taken towards mitigation/adaptation to climate change.
Methodology: The study involved both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Data was collected using literature reviews, questionnaires, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize data that were then presented as frequencies and percentages. Index construction was undertaken by summing up the scores for all statements relating to knowledge and perceptions to obtain a single group of variables. Chi-square tests were used to test relationship between variables.
Findings: Eighty (80%)of the respondents indicated that climate change is real, 69% of which attributed it to human activities, majorly (52%), clearance of vegetation. Most of the respondents (63%) had no idea about any climate change policy in the county while barely half (48%) could identify at least 1 greenhouse gas. This points to a gap in knowledge transmission from the national/County to the community and perhaps lack of sufficient community involvement in policy making. It was further established that there was a disconnect in information flow from scientific sources to communities that most respondents (63%) obtained climate information from community groups while only 2% relied on scientific sources, which would provide accurate information. this implies that the respondents may not be employing climate change mitigation strategies in their everyday interventions. Gender and education had significant influence on awareness and attitude towards climate change.
Historia del manejo de la tuberculosis en Costa Rica
Authors: Mata Azofeifa Zeidy , López Odio Georgina 
Published: July 2024

La tuberculosis ha sido una de las primeras enfermedades en afectar al ser humano, por ende, es considerada un mal infeccioso causante de una importante morbilidad y mortalidad en el mundo. La lucha contra esta enfermedad inició en nuestro país a principios del siglo XX con un abordaje sanatorial y, posteriormente, con la puesta en marcha de diferentes estrategias propuestas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud para avanzar hacia su eliminación. El objetivo del presente informe es brindar información sobre el enfoque de la tuberculosis en Costa Rica.
Métodos: estudio descriptivo cualitativo. Incluyó la revisión de artículos en revistas científicas como Scielo, revisiones sistemáticas en: LILACS, PubMed, Cochrane y del historial de datos recopilados en la Subárea de Vigilancia Epidemiológica de la Caja Costarricense Seguro Social.
Resultados: la lucha contra la tuberculosis inició en nuestro país en el siglo XX a través de la puesta en marcha del Sanatorio Durán. Con el descubrimiento del bacilo de Koch y de medicamentos para su tratamiento, se pasó de un abordaje sanatorial a la implementación de diferentes estrategias sugeridas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud dirigidas a fortalecer el diagnóstico y el tratamiento oportunos, así como la vigilancia de la coinfección tuberculosis /virus inmunodeficiencia humana, la resistencia a medicamentos, la infección latente y la búsqueda intensificada de casos en poblaciones vulnerables.
Conclusiones: El Ministerio de Salud y la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social han venido apoyando la lucha contra la tuberculosis, sin embargo, para el logro de las metas propuestas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud se requiere que las autoridades de salud continúen priorizando la lucha contra esta enfermedad, cuya finalidad es brindar todos los recursos e insumos de punta requeridos para su diagnóstico y oportunos tratamientos. Solo de esta forma lograremos avanzar hacia su eliminación.
Состав чиновничества Пензенского наместничества в 1780-е гг.
Authors: Чернов Глеб Анатольевич 
Published: July 2024

В статье на материале формулярных списков чиновников и канцеляристов Пензенского наместничества рассматриваются их формальные характеристики и карьерные траектории. Анализируется сословное происхождение, владение крепостными и дворовыми людьми, судимости и участие в военных походах служащих. Делаются выводы об определенных изменениях в кадровой политике в регионе в период проведения Губернской реформы Екатерины II, связанных с нехваткой классных чиновников для замещения вакансий во вновь открытых присутственных местах. На региональном материале подтверждается тезис о том, что статская служба в конце XVIII в. не была привлекательной для крупных землевладельцев.

ФинансированиеРабота выполнена без внешних источников финансирования.