bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No slowdown of growing season extension with warming in a permafrost‐affected meadow on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Yan Zhengjie , Wang Tao , Ding Jinzhi , Wang Xiaoyi , Fu Yongshuo H. , Li Juan , Xu Jinfeng , Xu Chaoyi , Jiang Lili , Wang Shiping , He Jinsheng , Piao Shilong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The Tibetan Plateau holds the world's largest alpine permafrost and is undergoing an acceleration of warming. Phenological shifts over alpine permafrost in a warmer world have been little studied and are greatly underrepresented in current syntheses.

Here, we conducted seasonal and gradient temperature‐controlled experiments in a permafrost‐affected meadow to evaluate how warming drives shifts in spring and autumn phenology, and associated growing‐season length at both community and species levels.

We found that there is no sign of slowdown in spring advance with warming under a higher year‐around warming treatment, aligning with a future medium warming scenario. Although spring advance led to an advance in autumn senescence according to spring‐only warming experiments, the advance could not offset the delay due to concurrent warming. As a result, year‐around warming significantly delayed autumn senescence, although there was a deceleration in delay with warming under high temperature treatment than under the low one.

This finding can be attributed to the possibility that winter warming is insufficient to reduce chilling accumulation, which would not delay spring phenology and then lead to a non‐slowdown in spring phenological advancement. Taken together, there is no slowdown in an extension of growing season length with warming under a higher year‐around warming treatment, with an increase of length by 9 and 21 days at the end of this century under a CO2 stabilization and medium warming scenarios, respectively.

Synthesis. Our results suggest that a continued growing season extension at least under the medium warming scenario would help permafrost‐affected meadow ecosystems to mitigate permafrost carbon release on the Tibetan Plateau.
Environmental Regulation and Access to Credit
Authors: Dang Viet A. , Gao Ning , Yu Tiancheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe show that climate priorities codified in regulations significantly impact firms’ access to credit, especially long‐term credit, an important financial resource required for achieving business viability and sustainability goals. Following the implementation of a prominent cap‐and‐trade programme aimed at controlling nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the United States (the NOx Budget Trading Program, NBP), manufacturers experienced decreased debt maturity structures, driven by reduced access to long‐maturity debt, but did not alter their use of short‐term debt or trade credit. The NBP's effect on long‐term credit is more pronounced for firms with higher degrees of electricity intensity, financial constraints, information frictions or rollover risk. It ultimately led to deteriorating firm value and operating performance. Increased energy costs and elevated operating leverage explain firms’ reduced access to long‐term credit. Our findings highlight the potential unintended consequences of policy instruments designed to boost a specific aspect of sustainability and the complex nature of managing corporate financial and sustainability goals.
HRM Algorithms: Moderating the Relationship between Chaotic Markets and Strategic Renewal
Authors: Vaillant Yancy , Vendrell‐Herrero Ferran , Bustinza Oscar F. , Xing Yijun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHRM algorithms can profoundly impact organizations in the digital economy era. In the face of turbulent and complex market conditions, strategic renewal is regarded as one of the most important organizational mechanisms for dealing with market uncertainty and a turbulent environment. However, the existing research remains elusive about the relationship between market‐level conditions and firm‐level strategic renewal. Our paper addresses this important gap by examining the potential enhancement of agile strategic renewal in high‐uncertainty environments through the implementation of HRM algorithms. Drawing on Chaos Theory, we argue that HRM algorithms have the potential to support the self‐organization capacity of a workforce, supporting better alignment with changing environments. Using covariance‐based structural equation modelling on a survey of over 500 Spanish firms, our findings provide partial support for the modelled hypotheses by showing that the use of HRM algorithms positively moderates the relationship between market turbulence and strategic renewal, but does not appear to moderate the relationship between market complexity and strategic renewal. The study contributes to our understanding of the importance of adopting internal business analytics systems to stimulate agility and align the workforce more effectively with changing environments, but also highlights their less substantive role in deciphering complex external factors.
Involvement of bacteria in the development of fungal infections in the Colorado potato beetle
Authors: Kryukov Vadim Yu. , Kosman Elena , Slepneva Irina , Vorontsova Yana L. , Polenogova Olga , Kazymov Gleb , Alikina Tatyana , Akhanaev Yuriy , Sidorenko Darya , Noskov Yury A. , Krivopalov Anton , Kabilov Marsel R. , Yaroslavtseva Olga 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEntomopathogenic fungi may interact with insects’ symbiotic bacteria during infection. We hypothesized that topical infection with Beauveria bassiana may alter the microbiota of the Colorado potato beetle (CPB) and that these modifications may alter the course of mycoses. We used a model with two concentrations of conidia: (1) high concentration that causes rapid (acute) pathogenesis with fast mortality followed by bacterial decomposition of insects; (2) lower concentration that leads to prolonged pathogenesis ending in conidiation on cadavers. The fungal infections increased loads of enterobacteria and bacilli on the cuticle surface and in hemolymph and midgut, and the greatest increase was detected during the acute mycosis. By contrast, stronger activation of IMD and JAK–STAT signaling pathways in integuments and fat body was observed during the prolonged mycosis. Relatively stable (nonpathogenic) conditions remained in the midgut during both scenarios of mycosis with slight changes in bacterial communities, the absence of mesh and stat expression, a decrease in reactive oxygen species production, and slight induction of Toll and IMD pathways. Oral administration of antibiotic and predominant CPB bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae, Lactococcus, Pseudomonas) led to minor and mainly antagonistic effects in survival of larvae infected with B. bassiana. We believe that prolonged mycosis is necessary for successful development of the fungus because such pathogenesis allows the host to activate antibacterial reactions. Conversely, after infection with high concentrations of the fungus, the host's resources are insufficient to fully activate antibacterial defenses, and this situation makes successful development of the fungus impossible.
Sources of seasonal water supply forecast uncertainty during snow drought in the Sierra Nevada
Authors: Boardman Elijah N. , Renshaw Carl E. , Shriver Robert K. , Walters Reggie , McGurk Bruce , Painter Thomas H. , Deems Jeffrey S. , Bormann Kat J. , Lewis Gabriel M. , Dethier Evan N. , Harpold Adrian A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUncertainty attribution in water supply forecasting is crucial to improve forecast skill and increase confidence in seasonal water management planning. We develop a framework to quantify fractional forecast uncertainty and partition it between (1) snowpack quantification methods, (2) variability in post‐forecast precipitation, and (3) runoff model errors. We demonstrate the uncertainty framework with statistical runoff models in the upper Tuolumne and Merced River basins (California, USA) using snow observations at two endmember spatial resolutions: a simple snow pillow index and full‐catchment snow water equivalent (SWE) maps at 50 m resolution from the Airborne Snow Observatories. Bayesian forecast simulations demonstrate a nonlinear decrease in the skill of statistical water supply forecasts during warm snow droughts, when a low fraction of winter precipitation remains as SWE. Forecast skill similarly decreases during dry snow droughts, when winter precipitation is low. During a shift away from snow‐dominance, the uncertainty of forecasts using snow pillow data increases about 1.9 times faster than analogous forecasts using full‐catchment SWE maps in the study area. Replacing the snow pillow index with full‐catchment SWE data reduces statistical forecast uncertainty by 39% on average across all tested climate conditions. Attributing water supply forecast uncertainty to reducible error sources reveals opportunities to improve forecast reliability in a warmer future climate.
From anticipation to action: A RCT on mental imagery exercises in daily life as a motivational amplifier for individuals with depressive symptoms
Authors: Bär Andreas , Heininga Vera E. , Lemmens Lotte H. J. M. , Renner Fritz 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEncouraging engagement in rewarding or pleasant activities is one of the most important treatment goals for depression. Mental imagery exercises have been shown to increase the motivation for planned behaviour in the lab but it is unclear whether this is also the case in daily life. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of mental imagery exercises on motivation and behaviour in daily life. Participants with depressive symptoms (N = 59) were randomly assigned to a group receiving mental imagery (MI) exercises or a control group receiving relaxation (RE) exercises via study phones. We employed an experience sampling design with 10 assessments per day for 10 days (three days baseline, four days with two exercises per day and three days post‐intervention). Data was analysed using t‐tests and multilevel linear regression analyses. As predicted, MI exercises enhanced motivation and reward anticipation during the intervention phase compared to RE. However, MI did not enhance active behaviour or strengthen the temporal association from reward anticipation (t‐1) to active behaviour (t). Mental imagery exercises can act as a motivational amplifier but its effects on behaviour and real‐life reward processes remain to be elucidated.
Optimizing anticoagulation therapy for in‐hospital patients on direct oral anticoagulants: a single‐centre modified Delphi study
Authors: Capiau Andreas , De Vleeschauwer Justine , De Backer Tine , Gevaert Sofie , Randon Caren , Mehuys Els , Boussery Koen , Somers Annemie 
Published: July 2024

AimsThe management of patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) during hospitalization is a common challenge in clinical practice. Although bridging is generally not recommended, too often DOACs are switched to parenteral therapy with low molecular weight heparins. Our objectives were to update a local guideline for perioperative DOAC management and to develop a guideline for the anticoagulation management in non‐surgical patients regarding temporary DOAC discontinuation.MethodsWe executed a two‐step modified Delphi study in a 1000‐bed university hospital in Belgium. The Delphi questionnaires were developed based on a literature review and a telephone survey of prescribers. Two expert panels were established: one dedicated to perioperative DOAC management and the other to DOAC management in non‐surgical patients. Both panels completed two rounds, commencing with an individual and online round, followed by a face‐to‐face group session.ResultsAfter the two‐round Delphi process, the updated perioperative guideline on DOAC management included reasons for delaying the resumption of DOACs following surgery, such as oral intake not possible, the probability of re‐intervention within 3 days, and insufficient haemostasis (e.g. active clinically significant haematoma, haemorrhagic drains or wounds). Furthermore, a guideline for non‐surgical hospitalized patients was developed, outlining possible reasons for interrupting DOAC therapy. Both guidelines offer clear anticoagulation therapy strategies corresponding to the identified scenarios.ConclusionsWe have updated and developed guidelines for DOAC management in surgical and non‐surgical patients during hospitalization, which aim to support prescribers and to enhance targeted prescription review by hospital pharmacists.
Building evidence on safety of endovascular thrombectomy for patients under anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists
Authors: Gao Li , Sun Xiaowei , Li Peiying 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA recent study by Brian Mac Grory and colleagues investigated the safety of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) among patients under vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) use within 7 days prior to hospital admission. Through this retrospective, observational cohort study, they found prior VKA use did not increase the risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) overall. However, recent VKA use with a presenting international normalized ratio (INR) > 1.7 was associated with a significantly increased risk of sICH. Future large‐scale randomized controlled trials should be conducted to further clarify the effects and feasibility of EVT therapy in ischemic stroke patients under anticoagulation.
Eye of the beholder: Neural synchrony of dynamically changing relations between parent praise and child affect
Authors: Li Ying , Halleck Talia Q. , Evans Laura , Bassuk Paras Bhagwat , de la Paz Leiana , Demir‐Lira Ö. Ece 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to determine the role of parental praise and child affect in the neural processes underlying parent‐child interactions, utilizing functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning. We characterized the dynamic changes in interpersonal neural synchrony (INS) between parents and children (4–6 years old, n = 40 dyads) during a cognitively challenging task. We then examined how changes in parent‐child INS are influenced by parental feedback and child affect. Parent‐child INS showed a quadratic change over time, indicating a decelerated decline during the interaction period. The relationship of parental praise, in the form of positive feedback, to change in INS was contingent upon the child's positive affect during the task. The highest levels of INS were observed when praise was present and child affect was positive. The left temporo‐parietal regions of the child and the right dorsolateral prefrontal and right temporo‐parietal regions of the parent demonstrated the strongest INS. The dynamic change in INS during the interaction was associated with children's independent performance on a standardized test of visuospatial processing. This research, leveraging fNIRS hyperscanning, elucidates the neural dynamics underlying the interaction between parent praise and child positive affect, thereby contributing to our broader understanding of parent‐child dynamics.Research Highlights
The level of interpersonal neural synchrony between parents and children dynamically varies during a cognitively challenging (tangram) task.
The left temporo‐parietal regions of the child and the right dorsolateral prefrontal and right temporo‐parietal regions of the parent demonstrate the strongest parent‐child neural synchrony.
The relationship between parental praise (positive feedback) and parent‐child neural synchrony is contingent upon child positive affect during the task.
Change in parent‐child neural synchrony relates to children's performance on an independent visuospatial processing measure.
Risk factors of death or chronic renal replacement therapy requirements in patients with thrombotic microangiopathies without ADAMTS‐13 deficiency
Authors: Uriol‐Rivera Miguel G. , Andrade Bernardo López , Bonet Antonio Mas , Mulet Aina Obrador , Ruiz Carmen Ballester , Parraga Leonor Periañez , Lumbreras Javier , Rota José Ignacio Ayestarán , Servalos Mireia Ferreruela , Balaguer Joana Ferrer , Ferreres Lucio Pallares , Valles María Jose Picado , Valero Rosa María Ruíz de Gopegui , Sanchez Susana Tarongi , Martin Ana Garcia , Garcia Juan Rodríguez , Cobo Cristina Gomez , Ramis‐Cabrer Daniel ,   the Son Espases Multidisciplinary Team for the management of Thrombotic Microangiopathy
Published: July 2024

AbstractThrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and multisystem organ dysfunction, is a life‐threatening disease. Patients with TMA who do not exhibit a severe ADAMTS‐13 deficiency (defined as a disintegrin‐like and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motif no. 13 activity ≥10%: TMA‐13n) continue to experience elevated mortality rates. This study explores the prognostic indicators for augmented mortality risk or necessitating chronic renal replacement therapy (composite outcome: CO) in TMA‐13n patients. We included 42 TMA‐13n patients from January 2008 to May 2018. Median age of 41 years and 60% were female. At presentation, 62% required dialysis, and 57% warranted intensive care unit admission. CO was observed in 45% of patients, including a 9‐patient mortality subset. Multivariate logistic regression revealed three independent prognostic factors for CO: early administration of eculizumab (median time from hospitalization to eculizumab initiation: 5 days, range 0–19 days; odds ratio [OR], 0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.02–0.94), presence of neuroradiological lesions (OR, 6.67; 95% CI, 1.12–39.80), and a PLASMIC score ≤4 (OR, 7.39; 95% CI, 1.18–46.11). In conclusion, TMA‐13n patients exhibit a heightened risk of CO in the presence of low PLASMIC scores and neuroradiological lesions, while early eculizumab therapy was the only protective factor.
A single‐day polychemotherapy regimen with proteasome inhibitor combinations for relapsed/refractory myeloma in the era of novel therapies
Authors: Li Eric Wenlong , Jones Esther , Bryant Christian , King Tracy , Talaulikar Dipti , Ng Jun Yen , Bryant Adam , Ridha Zainab , Doo Nicole Wong , Menzies Anna , Ling Silvia , Ho Shir Jing , Abadir Edward , Vanguru Vinay , Joshua Douglas , Ho P. Joy 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPCAB (prednisone, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, carmustine) is a single‐day regimen previously used for induction and now in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). We retrospectively analysed the outcomes of 85 patients from five Australian centres. These included 30 patients (35.3%) who received PCAB with one additional agent (bortezomib most frequently). Median age of the patients was 65 years (37–80), with a median of four (1–8) prior lines of therapy. ORR was 37% (CR 4.9%). Median progression free survival and overall survival were 4.4 months (95% CI 3.5–6.7) and 7.4 months (95% CI 6.4–10.2), respectively. Extramedullary disease (EMD) was associated with shorter survival. Grade 3 or 4 cytopenia and febrile neutropenia occurred in 76.2% and 39.1%, respectively, with six (7.1%) treatment‐related mortalities. Median inpatient stay was 3.3 days/28‐day cycle (IQR 0.6–13), and for patients who died, a median of 20.2% of days alive were spent inpatient (IQR 6.4–39.1%). Three patients were successfully bridged to CAR T‐cell therapy using PCAB, despite being penta‐exposed and having EMD. PCAB may be considered as a useful salvage therapy amongst other polychemotherapy regimens in late relapse. Further studies is warranted to investigate and define its role as a bridging therapy to novel therapeutics.
From reliability to pragmatism: Hospital management in the context of radical uncertainty
Authors: Dumez Hervé , Minvielle Etienne 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic presented a scenario of radical uncertainty that hospitals had to manage. Two strands of research can illuminate this management. The first puts forward the high‐reliability organization (HRO) principles that the hospital sector has applied for two decades. The second is based on pragmatism and underscores experimental, trial‐and‐error strategies appropriate for radical uncertainty. This strategy, utilized primarily in the political governance of crises, can be applied in hospital management as well. The results of our qualitative research into French hospitals (109 online interviews over 2020–2021) highlight the importance of pragmatic rationality in crisis management based on organizing collective inquiries. This concept of pragmatic rationality questions the notion of reliability, sticking to pre‐existing performance standards not applicable in such contexts. It invites to propose the concept of high pragmatic organization based on five principles that partially integrate those of an HRO.
Imbalanced survival prediction for gastric cancer patients based on improved XGBoost with cost sensitive and focal loss
Authors: Xu Liangchen , Guo Chonghui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAccurate prediction of gastric cancer survival state is one of great significant tasks for clinical decision‐making. Many advanced machine learning classification techniques have been applied to predict the survival status of cancer patients in three or 5 years, however, many of them have a low sensitivity because of class imbalance. This is a non‐negligible problem due to the poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Furthermore, models in the medical domain require strong interpretability to increase their applicability. Due to the better performance and interpretability of the XGBoost model, we design a loss function taking into account cost sensitive and focal loss from the algorithm level for XGBoost to deal with the imbalance problem. We apply the improved model into the prediction of the survival status of gastric cancer patients and analyse the important related features. We use two types of indicators to evaluate the model, and we also design the confusion matrix of two models' predictive results to compare two models. The results show that the improved model has better performance. Furthermore, we calculate the importance of features related to survival with three different time periods and analyse their evolution, which are consistent with existing clinical research or further expand their research conclusions. These all support for clinically relevant decision‐making and has the potential to expand into survival prediction of other cancer patients.