bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RGD‐peptide lunasin inhibits Akt‐mediated NF‐κB activation in human macrophages through interaction with the αVβ3 integrin
Authors: Cam Anthony , de Mejia Elvira Gonzalez 
Published: September 2012

ScopeCardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in the United States and regulation of aberrant macrophage activity under inflammatory conditions is critical for its prevention. The objective was to determine the effect of lunasin on the inhibition of Akt‐mediated activation of nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB)‐dependent markers of inflammation and to characterize the physical interaction of lunasin with the αVβ3 integrin receptor in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced human THP‐1 macrophages.Methods and resultsThe effect of lunasin was evaluated in vitro in LPS‐induced THP‐1 human macrophages using immunoassays, co‐immunoprecipitation (Co‐IP), and fluorescence confocal microscopy. Lunasin (50 μM) reduced cyclooxygenase‐2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and NO levels by 57.9, 64.5, and 76.2%, respectively, and inhibited the activation of phosphorylated Akt and NF‐κB p65 by 59.5 and 74.5%, respectively. Lunasin (50 μM) reduced exogenous release of prostaglandin E2 and tumor necrosis factor‐α by 92.5 and 94.9%, respectively. Vitronectin (10 μg/mL), an integrin ligand, increased expression of proinflammatory markers, whereas lunasin (50 μM) attenuated them. Co‐IP of lunasin‐treated cells confirmed direct interaction with αVβ3 integrin and LC/MS/MS verified its identity. Lunasin was detected within intracellular vesicles and reduced total αVβ3 intensity as observed by fluorescence microscopy.ConclusionLunasin inhibited αVβ3 integrin‐mediated proinflammatory markers and downregulated Akt‐mediated NF‐κB pathways through interaction with αVβ3 integrin.
Comparative analyses of three legume species reveals conserved and unique root extracellular proteins
Authors: Liao Chengsong , Hochholdinger Frank , Li Chunjian 
Published: September 2012

Increasing evidence suggests that root extracellular proteins are involved in interactions between roots and their soil environment. In the present study, exudates released by 6‐day‐old roots of the three legume species white lupin (Lupinus albus), soybean (Glycine max), and cowpea (Vigna sinensis) were collected under axenic conditions, and their constitutively secreted proteomes were analyzed. Between 42 and 93 unique root extracellular proteins with 2 or more different peptide fragments per protein were identified by LC‐MS/MS. Functional annotation of these proteins classified them into 14–16 different functional categories. Among those 14 homologous proteins were identified in at least two legume species. Among the unique proteins, 58 in white lupin, 85 in soybean, and 31 in cowpea were specific for each plant species, and many of them were classified in the same functional categories. Interestingly, in contrast to soybean and cowpea, two protein bands of approximately 16 and 30 kDa were present on the SDS‐PAGE gel of white lupin. The identification of these bands revealed a class III chitinase and a thaumatin‐like protein. Both belong to the class of pathogenesis‐related proteins. The results imply that root extracellular proteins play important roles in the cross‐talk between plant roots and the rhizosphere.
Severity scoring systems: Are they internally valid, reliable and predictive of oxygen use in children with acute bronchiolitis?
Authors: McCallum Gabrielle B. , Morris Peter S. , Wilson Clare C. , Versteegh Lesley A. , Ward Linda M. , Chatfield Mark D. , Chang Anne B. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundSeverity scores are commonly used in research and clinically to assess the severity of bronchiolitis. However, there are limitations as few have been validated. The aim of our study was to: (i) determine the validity and reliability of a bronchiolitis scoring system, and (ii) examine if the score predicted the need for oxygen at 12 and 24 hrs. Children aged <24 months presenting to Royal Darwin Hospital with a clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis were eligible to participate.Study DesignWe reviewed published papers that used a bronchiolitis score and summarized the data in a table. We chose the Tal score that was easy to use and encompassed clinically important parameters. Three research nurses, trained to assess children, used two scoring systems (Tal and Modified‐Tal; respiratory rate, accessory muscle use, wheezing, cyanosis, and oxygen saturation), blindly evaluated children within 15 min of each other.ResultsThe children's (n = 115) median age was 5.4 months (IQR 2.9, 10.4); 65% were male and 64% were Indigenous. Internal consistency was excellent (Tal: Cronbach α = 0.66; Modified‐Tal: α = 0.70). There was substantial inter‐rater agreement; weighted kappa of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.83) for Tal and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.76) for Modified‐Tal. For predicting requirement for oxygen at 12 and 24 hrs; area under receiver operating curve (aROC) was 0.69 (95% CI: 0.13, 1.0) and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.34, 1.0), respectively.ConclusionThe Tal and Modified‐Tal scoring systems for bronchiolitis is repeatable and can reliably be used in research and clinical practice. Its utility for prediction of O2 requirement is limited. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:797–803. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hair zinc and selenium levels in children with recurrent wheezing
Authors: Razi Cem Hasan , Akelma Ahmet Zulfikar , Akin Okhan , Kocak Mesut , Ozdemir Osman , Celik Aydin , Kislal Fatih Mehmet 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe prevalence of asthma and other allergic diseases has increased markedly in the last few decades. Oxidative stress plays a central role in asthma pathogenesis, and reduced daily consumption of antioxidants is positively correlated with increased risk of asthma. Zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) are the main antioxidant elements. In our study, we aimed to investigate hair Zn and Se levels in children with recurrent wheezing. The study included 65 patients with recurrent wheezing (RW) and 65 healthy children (HC). The hair Zn and Se levels (µg/g) of the RW group were lower in comparison with the HC group (162.43 ± 91.52 vs. 236.38 ± 126.44, P < 0.001, and 217.37 ± 83.01 vs. 280.53 ± 122.73, P < 0.001, respectively). Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (mmol/L) of the RW group was found to be significantly lower in comparison with the HC group (1.38 ± 0.14 vs. 1.53 ± 0.20, respectively; P < 0.001). Number of wheezing episodes in the last 6 months were negatively correlated with serum TAC, hair Zn, and Se levels in RW group (rp = −0.291, P = 0.001; rp = −0.209, P = 0.017; rp = −0.206, P = 0.019, respectively). The number of acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) episodes in the last 6 months was negatively correlated with serum TAC and hair Zn levels (rp = −0.316, P < 0.001, and rp = −0.196, P = 0.025, respectively). In this study, we found that TAC, hair Zn, and hair Se levels were lower in children with RW than HC and negatively correlated with wheezing episodes in the last 6 months. Also body Zn and Se levels can be reliably measured in hair samples. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012; 47:1185–1191. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Outcomes of surgical management of severe GERD in patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Sheikh Shahid I. , Ryan‐Wenger Nancy A. , McCoy Karen S. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundPatients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at high risk for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and medical management of GERD improves pulmonary symptoms. Some patients with worsening CF and GERD symptoms undergo Nissen fundoplication, but the extent to which surgical management of GERD improves respiratory symptoms is not well studied. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Nissen fundoplication in 48 patients with CF and uncontrolled GERD.ResultsPatients exhibited significantly fewer pulmonary exacerbations, increased weight gain and slower decline in % predicted FEV1 at 2 years after the surgery, compared to 2 years before surgery. Mean change in % predicted FEV1 in 2 years before surgery was −13.57% and mean change in % predicted FEV1 in 2 years after the surgery was +1.5% and difference was significant P = 0.001. Better pulmonary and nutritional outcomes were noted among patients with milder lung disease compared to those with severe lung disease, and among patients who received gastrostomy tube feedings for ≥6 months compared to those with no G‐tube or tube feedings for <6 months. There was no mortality associated with surgery.ConclusionIn CF patients with worsening lung disease and uncontrolled GERD, Nissen fundoplication not only slows the decline in lung function but leads to significant improvement in weight, and decrease in CF exacerbations. Patients with milder disease and patients receiving G‐tube feedings for ≥6 months after surgery benefited the most. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:556–562. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical risk factors are more relevant than respiratory viruses in predicting bronchiolitis severity
Authors: Ricart Silvia , Marcos Maria Angeles , Sarda Marta , Anton Andres , Muñoz‐Almagro Carmen , Pumarola Tomas , Pons Marti , Garcia‐Garcia Juan Jose 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe role of respiratory viruses in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis was re‐evaluated with the use of molecular methods such as PCR for virus detection. Whether specific viruses or the classical clinical risk factors are more important in determining severe bronchiolitis is not well established.AimTo analyze the specific viruses and clinical variables that can predict severe bronchiolitis at admission.MethodsNasopharyngeal aspirates were prospectively collected from 484 children <12 months admitted to the pediatrics ward or PICU at Universitary Hospital Sant Joan de Déu (Barcelona, Spain) for bronchiolitis from October 2007 to October 2008. Clinical and demographic data were collected. Sixteen respiratory viruses were studied using PCR. Severity was assessed with a bronchiolitis clinical score (BCS).ResultsFour hundred ten infants that tested positive for respiratory viruses were analyzed. Mixed viral infections did not increase the severity of the disease. Rhinovirus was associated with severe BCS in univariate analysis (P = 0.041), but in the multivariate logistic regression including viruses and clinical data only bronchopulmonary dysplasia (OR 7.2; 95% CI 1.2–43.3), congenital heart disease (OR 4.7; 95% CI 1.1–19.9), prematurity (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.3–5.1), and fever (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1–3.1) showed statistical significance for predicting severe BCS.ConclusionsClassical clinical risk factors have more weight in predicting a severe BCS in infants with acute bronchiolitis than the involved viruses. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:456–463. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lung transplantation for childhood diffuse lung disease
Authors: Rama Jennifer A. , Fan Leland L. , Faro Albert , Elidemir Okan , Morales David L. , Heinle Jeffrey S. , Smith E. O'Brian , Hazen Matthew L. , Moonnumakal Siby P. , Mallory George B. , Schecter Marc G. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundPediatric diffuse lung diseases comprise a heterogeneous group of rare lung disorders which may lead to end stage lung disease and referral for lung transplantation. Previous studies are limited by small numbers of patients with specific forms of diffuse lung disease. Children with all forms of diffuse lung disease who underwent lung transplantation at two pediatric centers were evaluated in terms of several pre‐ and post‐transplant factors and compared to children with other end stage lung disorders.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed on all patients transplanted between October 1, 2002 and June 15, 2007 at Texas Children's Hospital and St. Louis Children's Hospital. Multiple pre‐transplant characteristics and post‐transplant morbidities and mortality were compared between diffuse lung disease, cystic fibrosis, and pulmonary vascular disease groups.ResultsThere were 31 diffuse lung disease (DLD), 57 cystic fibrosis (CF), and 16 pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) patients included in our analysis. Patients with DLD had significantly higher pre‐transplant morbidity including lower percent predicted of forced expiratory volume in first second (P = 0.013) and more patients with pulmonary hypertension (P = 0.001) and hypercapnia (P = 0.031). Compared to CF patients, more DLD and PVD patients required invasive ventilation (P = 0.001) and care in the pediatric intensive care unit (P = 0.001). After transplant, there was a difference among the three groups with regards to number of acute allograft rejections but statistical limitations preclude knowing between which group the difference lies. A difference in time to bronchiolitis obliterans was found between the PVD and CF groups but not when compared to the DLD patients. The three groups had similar time to post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disease, rate of infections, and survival.ConclusionLung transplantation is as successful for patients with end stage diffuse lung disease as compared to other lung transplant candidates. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:490–496. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Combination therapy with immune‐modulators and moxifloxacin on fulminant macrolide‐resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection: A case report
Authors: Shen Yuelin , Zhang Jin , Hu Yinghui , Shen Kunling 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis report entails a case of refractory pneumonia with a wild variety of extra‐pulmonary manifestations due to macrolide‐resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in a 7‐year‐old boy. The diagnosis was based on isolating M. pneumoniae through cultivation from the patient's bronchial aspirations at admission and the following susceptibility testing. Initial treatments consisting of a combination of azithromycin and standard‐dosed methylprednisone (2 mg/kg) were completely nonresponsive and the patient's condition deteriorated rapidly. However, methylprednisone pulse therapy (20 mg/kg for 3 days, tapering within 1 month) and intravenous immunoglobulin (1 g/kg/day, two doses), in addition to moxifloxacin (10 mg/kg for 7 days) were remarkably effective and led to a favorable outcome without any observed side effects during inpatient hospitalization and outpatient follow‐up. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:519–522. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A child with progressive multiple tracheal diverticulae: A variation of the Mounier–Kuhn syndrome
Authors: Randak Christoph O. , Weinberger Miles 
Published: September 2012

AbstractMounier–Kuhn syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by tracheobronchomegaly. Most commonly presenting in adults, a broad spectrum of clinical abnormalities has been described. We report a young woman followed since 4 years of age for respiratory symptoms who was eventually found to have tracheobronchomegaly and multiple tracheal diverticulae. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:841–843. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Association of maternal diabetes and child asthma
Authors: Azad Meghan B. , Becker Allan B. , Kozyrskyj Anita L. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundPerinatal programming is an emerging theory for the fetal origins of chronic disease. Maternal asthma and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) are two of the best‐known triggers for the perinatal programming of asthma, while the potential role of maternal diabetes has not been widely studied.ObjectiveTo determine if maternal diabetes is associated with child asthma, and if so, whether it modifies the effects of ETS exposure and maternal asthma.MethodsWe studied 3,574 Canadian children, aged 7–8 years, enrolled in a population‐based birth cohort. Standardized questionnaires were completed by the children's parents, and data were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression.ResultsAsthma was reported in 442 children (12.4%). Compared to those without asthma, asthmatic children were more likely to have mothers (P = 0.003), but not fathers (P = 0.89), with diabetes. Among children without maternal history of diabetes, the likelihood of child asthma was 1.4‐fold higher in those exposed to ETS (adjusted odds ratio, 1.40; 95% confidence interval, 1.13–1.73), and 3.6‐fold higher in those with maternal asthma (3.59; 2.71–4.76). Among children born to diabetic mothers, these risks were amplified to 5.7‐fold (5.68; 1.18–27.37) and 11.3‐fold (11.30; 2.26–56.38), respectively. In the absence of maternal asthma or ETS, maternal diabetes was not associated with child asthma (0.65, 0.16–2.56).ConclusionOur findings suggest that maternal diabetes may contribute to the perinatal programming of child asthma by amplifying the detrimental effects of ETS exposure and maternal asthma. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:545–552. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Changes in gastric pressure and volume during mechanical in‐exsufflation
Authors: Miske Laura J. , McDonough Joseph M. , Weiner Daniel J. , Panitch Howard B. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackground/PurposeA mechanical insufflator–exsufflator (MI–E) is used to replicate spontaneous cough in weak or neurologically impaired patients. Its use is often withheld after abdominal surgery because of concerns for potential wound dehiscence from abdominal distension or development of excessive abdominal positive pressure. We hypothesized that gastric pressure during MI–E use would not exceed usual pressures generated during a spontaneous cough.MethodsThirteen subjects 0.8–23.1 years (mean 10.5 years) with neuromuscular weakness, pre‐existing gastrostomy tube, and established MI–E routine were studied. A pressure transducer through the gastrostomy tube measured gastric pressure (Pgas) during MI–E treatment. Chest and abdominal volume change was assessed by respiratory inductance plethysmography. In three subjects, the same measurements were made during spontaneous cough.ResultsThe maximum Pgas was 24 cm with applied pressures of 20–40 cm. In the three subjects able to cough, the maximum Pgas achieved during the spontaneous maneuver was 25 cm, a value higher than they achieved with MI–E treatment.ConclusionMI–E resulted in less positive abdominal pressure than has been described in healthy subjects during spontaneous coughing. As such, use of an MI–E device should be considered safe to use in the post‐operative period following abdominal surgery in patients with neuromuscular weakness. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:824–829. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate: Precursor or aggressive phenotype of prostate cancer?
Authors: Bonkhoff Helmut , Wheeler Thomas M. , van der Kwast Theodorus H. , Magi‐Galluzzi Cristina , Montironi Rodolfo , Cohen Ronald J. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlthough the term “intraductal carcinoma of the prostate” (IDC‐P) was introduced almost 40 years ago, there is still the lack of appreciation that this entity represents a clinically aggressive disease that continues to be misreported under the diagnostic category of high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN).METHODSRecent data obtained from histological, molecular, and clinical studies were reviewed to demonstrate that IDC‐P significantly differs from HGPIN, and has a major impact in terms of diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of prostate cancer (PCa).RESULTSHGPIN is the only accepted precursor of PCa. Its diagnosis in prostate biopsies has no prognostic implications, and does not dictate therapeutic decisions. By contrast, IDC‐P correlates with a worse pathological and clinical outcome. IDC‐P differs from HGPIN by distinct histological and molecular features. Recent clinical studies report that IDC‐P is associated with neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and, chemotherapy (CT) failure as well as early disease recurrence after external beam radiation. Finally, IDC‐P is associated with TMPRSS2‐ERG gene fusion, which was reported to be regulated by estrogens and their receptors.CONCLUSIONSIDC‐P is an aggressive phenotype of prostate cancer and predicts poor response to ADT, CT, and external beam radiation. IDC‐P should be separated from HGPIN and should be reported in prostate biopsies and prostatectomy specimens. Prostate 73: 442–448, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Size independent blue luminescence in nitrogen passivated silicon nanocrystals
Authors: Dasog Mita , Veinot Jonathan G. C. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe photoluminescent properties of allylamine terminated silicon nanocrystals (Si‐NCs) are investigated. Chloride surface terminated Si‐NCs of different sizes react with allylamine yielding NCs that exhibit size independent blue luminescent NCs. NCs were characterized using X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering.Reaction scheme summarizing surface modification approach used for the present study. magnified image
Effects of MnO2 doping on structure, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of 0.825NaNbO3–0.175Ba0.6(Bi0.5K0.5)0.4TiO3 lead‐free ceramics
Authors: Fan Ximing , Lin Dunmin , Zheng Qiaoji , Sun Hailing , Wan Yang , Wu Xiaochun , Wu Lang 
Published: September 2012

AbstractLead‐free ceramics 0.825NaNbO3–0.175Ba0.6(Bi0.5K0.5)0.4TiO3 + xmol% MnO2 were prepared by an ordinary sintering technique and the effects of MnO2 doping on the structure, dielectric, and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics were studied. The ceramics with perovskite structure are transformed from tetragonal to pseudocubic phases by increasing the doping level of MnO2. After the addition of MnO2, the Curie temperature TC of the ceramics decreases and the ferroelectric–paraelectric phase transition at TC becomes more diffusive. Because of the donor and acceptor doping effects of Mn ions simultaneously, the piezoelectric constant d33, electromechanical coupling coefficient kp, relative permittivity εr, and mechanical quality factor Qm are enhanced considerably after the addition of 1 mol% MnO2. The ceramic with 1 mol% MnO2 doping possesses the optimum piezoelectricity (d33 = 131 pC/N and kp = 21.8%) and relatively high Qm = 627.
Charge compensation and its influences on luminescent properties of red‐emitting Ca3(PO4)2:Eu3+ phosphor
Authors: Zhang Zhan Hui , Chen Li , Da Jiang Nan , Guo De Xing , Cai Ke Qin , Chi Ru An , Huang Zhi Liang 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIn this paper, we report the obtention of red‐emitting Ca3(PO4)2:Eu3+ phosphor by the solid‐state reaction method. X‐ray diffraction and photoluminescence (PL) measurements were used to investigate the crystal phases, luminescent properties, and optimal Eu3+ doping concentration. To further improve the PL intensity, Na+ acting as a charge compensator was incorporated into the phosphor. The effects of Na+ concentration on the PL properties were studied. It was found that the charge‐compensation phosphor showed greatly enhanced red emission beyond the phosphor without charge compensation. Ca2.3Na0.4(PO4)2:0.3Eu3+ was determined to be the best composition. The charge‐compensation mechanism was analyzed in light of the principles on defect formation and reaction, and the changes of the site centrosymmetry for the activator.magnified image Effects of Na+ concentrations on the intensity of red emission. The inset showed the R/O ratios along with Na+ concentrations.
1D and 2D position detection using magnetoimpedance sensor array
Authors: Ipatov M. , Zhukova V. , Blanco J. M. , Zhukov A. , Gonzalez J. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractWe have investigated the application of the magnetoimpedance (MI) effect in amorphous microwires for absolute position detection and demonstrated that MI elements arranged in 1D and 2D arrays can be used for contactless proximity and position sensing of a magnetic label attached to an object to be detected.Owing to the high sensitivity of the MI elements to the stray magnetic field produced by the magnetic label, the required density of the MI elements can be rather low, which allows the designing of low‐cost in situ reconfigurable sensor networks. An example of application of a 2D proximity and position sensing device for wireless power transfer is considered.