bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The paleoichthyological and geological researches on the Permian deposits of Muse near Autun (Saône-et-Loire, France) at the beginning of the XIXth century
Authors: BRIGNON Arnaud 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Le gisement Autunien de Muse est célèbre pour ses richesses paléontologiques et notamment pour sa « couche aux poissons » dans laquelle les Aeduellidae (Pisces, Actinopterygii) sont particulièrement abondants. Alors que l’histoire de ce gisement est bien documentée à partir de la fin des années 1830, les premières recherches paléontologiques et géologiques qui y ont été faites avant cette période, restent encore mal connues. Un manuscrit inédit d’Alexander von Humboldt révèle qu’il avait étudié en mars 1805 la géologie de la région d’Autun où il avait reconnu le Zechstein. Un témoignage consigné dans la Feuille du Canton de Vaud permet de faire remonter à l’année 1811 la collecte des premiers spécimens de poissons à Muse. Deux naturalistes et géologues, François-Joseph Lainé et Cyprien Prosper Brard, sont à l’origine de ces découvertes. Dans les années 1820, de nombreux poissons fossiles de Muse furent ensuite collectés par Augustin Henri de Bonnard. Des spécimens d’Aeduella blainvillei (Agassiz, 1833) faisant partie des premières découvertes faites à Muse ont été identifiés dans les collections du Musée cantonal de Géologie à Lausanne et dans celles du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. Cet inventaire a permis de retrouver plusieurs spécimens de la collection Alexandre Brongniart sur lesquelles Henri-Marie Ducrotay de Blainville a établi les espèces « Palaeothrissum inaequilobum » et « Palaeothrissum parvum ». La partie postérieure d’un des spécimens de la série type de « Palaeoniscus voltzii » Agassiz, 1833 qui était considéré comme perdu depuis longtemps, a également été identifiée. Un dessin inédit conservé dans les archives de Cuvier montrant une plaque de schiste de Muse avec deux Aeduella blainvillei est présenté. Cette pièce était conservée dans le Cabinet d’histoire naturelle de Barthélémy Faujas de Saint-Fond. Ce dessin constitue la plus ancienne représentation de poissons fossiles de cette localité réalisée avant les figures publiées en 1833 et 1834 par Louis Agassiz dans ses Recherches sur les poissons fossiles. Les découvertes paléoichthyologiques effectuées à Muse et Igornay par plusieurs personnalités comme Landriot, Selligue et Héricart de Thury dans les années 1830 sont aussi mises en lumière. Pour finir, des documents manuscrits inédits rédigés vers 1824 dévoilent les différentes opinions d’Ami Boué, Alexander von Humboldt et Augustin Henri de Bonnard sur la position stratigraphique des schistes bitumineux de la région d’Autun bien avant que le Permien ne soit créé par le géologue britannique Roderick Impey Murchison en 1841.
The Economic Consequences of Financial Restatements: Evidence from the Market for Corporate Control
Authors: Amel-Zadeh Amir , Zhang Yuan 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT
This paper investigates whether and how financial restatements affect the market for corporate control. We show that firms that recently filed financial restatements are significantly less likely to become takeover targets than a propensity score matched sample of non-restating firms. For those restating firms that do receive takeover bids, the bids are more likely to be withdrawn or take longer to complete than those made to non-restating firms. Finally, there is some evidence that deal value multiples are significantly lower for restating targets than for non-restating targets. Our analyses suggest that the information risk associated with restating firms is the main driver of these results. Overall, this study finds that financial restatements have profound consequences for the allocation of economic resources in the market for corporate control.
JEL Classifications: D82; G14; G34; M41.
Data Availability: Data are available from sources identified in the paper.
Some global results for nonlinear fourth order eigenvalue problems
Authors: Aliyev Ziyatkhan 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the nonlinear fourth order eigenvalue problem. We show the existence of family of unbounded continua of nontrivial solutions bifurcating from the line of trivial solutions. These global continua have properties similar to those found in Rabinowitz and Berestycki well-known global bifurcation theorems.
Topological tools for the prescribed scalar curvature problem on S n
Authors: Abuzaid Dina , Ben Mahmoud Randa , Chtioui Hichem , Rigane Afef 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the problem of the existence of conformal metrics with prescribed scalar curvature on the standard sphere S n, n ≥ 3. We give new existence and multiplicity results based on a new Euler-Hopf formula type. Our argument also has the advantage of extending well known results due to Y. Li [16].
On the structure of groups whose non-abelian subgroups are subnormal
Authors: Kurdachenko Leonid , Atlıhan Sevgi , Semko Nikolaj 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe main aim of this article is to examine infinite groups whose non-abelian subgroups are subnormal. In this sense we obtain here description of such locally finite groups and, as a consequence we show several results related to such groups.
Super-De Morgan functions and free De Morgan quasilattices
Authors: Movsisyan Yuri , Aslanyan Vahagn 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA De Morgan quasilattice is an algebra satisfying hyperidentities of the variety of De Morgan algebras (lattices). In this paper we give a functional representation of the free n-generated De Morgan quasilattice with two binary and one unary operations. Namely, we define the concept of super-De Morgan function and prove that the free De Morgan quasilattice with two binary and one unary operations on nfree generators is isomorphic to the De Morgan quasilattice of super-De Morgan functions of nvariables.
Automorphism groups of rational elliptic surfaces with section and constant J-map
Authors: Karayayla Tolga 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn this paper, the automorphism groups of relatively minimal rational elliptic surfaces with section which have constant J-maps are classified. The ground field is ℂ. The automorphism group of such a surface β: B → ℙ1, denoted by Au t(B), consists of all biholomorphic maps on the complex manifold B. The group Au t(B) is isomorphic to the semi-direct product MW(B) ⋊ Aut σ (B) of the Mordell-Weil groupMW(B) (the group of sections of B), and the subgroup Aut σ (B) of the automorphisms preserving a fixed section σ of B which is called the zero section on B. The Mordell-Weil group MW(B) is determined by the configuration of singular fibers on the elliptic surface B due to Oguiso and Shioda [9]. In this work, the subgroup Aut σ (B) is determined with respect to the configuration of singular fibers of B. Together with a previous paper [4] where the case with non-constant J-maps was considered, this completes the classification of automorphism groups of relatively minimal rational elliptic surfaces with section.
Properties of triangulations obtained by the longest-edge bisection
Authors: Perdomo Francisco , Plaza Ángel 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe Longest-Edge (LE) bisection of a triangle is obtained by joining the midpoint of its longest edge with the opposite vertex. Here two properties of the longest-edge bisection scheme for triangles are proved. For any triangle, the number of distinct triangles (up to similarity) generated by longest-edge bisection is finite. In addition, if LE-bisection is iteratively applied to an initial triangle, then minimum angle of the resulting triangles is greater or equal than a half of the minimum angle of the initial angle. The novelty of the proofs is the use of an hyperbolic metric in a shape space for triangles.
A maximum degree theorem for diameter-2-critical graphs
Authors: Haynes Teresa , Henning Michael , Merwe Lucas , Yeo Anders 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA graph is diameter-2-critical if its diameter is two and the deletion of any edge increases the diameter. Let G be a diameter-2-critical graph of order n. Murty and Simon conjectured that the number of edges in G is at most ⌊n 2/4⌋ and that the extremal graphs are the complete bipartite graphs K ⌊n/2⌋,⌊n/2⌉. Fan [Discrete Math. 67 (1987), 235–240] proved the conjecture for n ≤ 24 and for n = 26, while Füredi [J. Graph Theory 16 (1992), 81–98] proved the conjecture for n > n 0 where n 0 is a tower of 2’s of height about 1014. The conjecture has yet to be proven for other values of n. Let Δ denote the maximum degree of G. We prove the following maximum degree theorems for diameter-2-critical graphs. If Δ ≥ 0.7 n, then the Murty-Simon Conjecture is true. If n ≥ 2000 and Δ ≥ 0.6789 n, then the Murty-Simon Conjecture is true.
Numerical studies of charged particles in a magnetic field: Mars application
Authors: Ramírez-Nicolás María , Usero David , Vázquez Luis 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAn approach to model the Martian magnetization can be done using classical source models. Classical models, such as uniformly magnetized spheres and cylinders, allow for the introduction of additional constraints related to the available information of the magnetic field and its sources. The use of a suitable conservative numerical scheme in Cartesian coordinates was carried out for numerical studies. In this work the motion of different charged particles under the influence of different magnetized sources have been analyzed by using the proposed numerical scheme. For that purpose, electron, proton and alpha particles were used. In addition, the impact of the gravitational effect on the particles motion was also studied.
Development of the McGill Simulator for Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A New High-fidelity Virtual Reality Simulator for Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Authors: Varshney Rickul , Frenkiel Saul , Nguyen Lily H. P. , Young Meredith , Del Maestro Rolando , Zeitouni Anthony , Tewfik Marc A. ,   National Research Council Canada
Published: July 2014

Background The technical challenges of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and the high risk of complications support the development of alternative modalities to train residents in these procedures. Virtual reality simulation is becoming a useful tool for training the skills necessary for minimally invasive surgery; however, there are currently no ESS virtual reality simulators available with valid evidence supporting their use in resident education. Our aim was to develop a new rhinology simulator, as well as to define potential performance metrics for trainee assessment. Methods The McGill simulator for endoscopic sinus surgery (MSESS), a new sinus surgery virtual reality simulator with haptic feedback, was developed (a collaboration between the McGill University Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, the Montreal Neurologic Institute Simulation Lab, and the National Research Council of Canada). A panel of experts in education, performance assessment, rhinology, and skull base surgery convened to identify core technical abilities that would need to be taught by the simulator, as well as performance metrics to be developed and captured. Results The MSESS allows the user to perform basic sinus surgery skills, such as an ethmoidectomy and sphenoidotomy, through the use of endoscopic tools in a virtual nasal model. The performance metrics were developed by an expert panel and include measurements of safety, quality, and efficiency of the procedure. Conclusion The MSESS incorporates novel technological advancements to create a realistic platform for trainees. To our knowledge, this is the first simulator to combine novel tools such as the endonasal wash and elaborate anatomic deformity with advanced performance metrics for ESS.
Development and Testing for an Operative Competency Assessment Tool for Nasal Septoplasty Surgery
Authors: Obeid Amani A. , AL-Qahtani Khalid H. , Ashraf Masooda , Alghamdi Fareed R. , Marglani Osama , Alherabi Ameen 
Published: July 2014

Background Assessing surgical competency in otolaryngology is challenging, and residency programs are now responsible for ensuring the surgical competency of their graduates. Therefore, more objective assessment tools are being incorporated into the evaluation process. Objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATSs) tools have been developed for multiple otolaryngology procedures. These include tonsillectomy, endoscopic sinus surgery, thyroidectomy, mastoidectomy, direct laryngoscopy, and rigid bronchoscopy. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a new assessment tool for septoplasty surgery and ensuring its feasibility, reliability, and construct validity. This study was designed develop an test a valid, reliable, and feasible evaluation tool designed to measure the development of trainees’ surgical skills in the operating room for septoplasty surgery. Methods A new OSATSs-based instrument form for septoplasty was developed. During the study period of 2 years, 21 otolaryngology–head and neck surgery residents (ranging from postgraduate year 2 to 5) were evaluated intraoperatively by on faculty member obtaining al of 175 evaluations. Surgical performance was rated using a seven-item task-specific checklist (TSC) and a global rating scale (GRS). The TSC assessed specific septoplasty technical skills, and the GRS assessed the overall surgical performance. Results Our tool showed construct validity for both components of the assessment instrument, with increasing mean scores with advancing clinical levels. Cronbach's α, a measure of internal consistency, was 0.911 for TSC and 0.898 for GRS. Strong correlation between the TSC and GRS was established (r = 0.955; p < 0.01). Conclusion This study proved our educational tool to be a valid, reliable, and feasible method for assessing competency in septoplasty surgery. It can be integrated into surgical training programs to facilitate direct formative feedback. Assessing trainees’ learning curves enables insight into their progression, ensuring their appropriate development.
Nasal Allergen Deposition Leads to Conjunctival Mast Cell Degranulation in Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis
Authors: Callebaut Ina , De Vries Annick , Steelant Brecht , Hox Valerie , Bobic Sonja , Van Gerven Laura , Ceuppens Jan L. , Hellings Peter W. 
Published: July 2014

Background The naso-ocular interaction in allergic rhinoconjunctivitis is well recognized from epidemiological, clinical, and experimental observations. The precise mechanisms remain incompletely understood. A new mouse model of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis was used to investigate the contribution of mast cells and trigeminal ganglia activation to conjunctival (conj.) inflammation after nasal allergen provocation. Methods Sensitized mice were exposed to ovalbumin (OVA) via the nose and/or conjunctiva, and conj. homogenates were analyzed for histamine and substance P (using ELISA) and by eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) and beta-hexosaminidase assays. The conj. effects of nasal allergen deposition were compared with those induced by the mast cell activator C48/80 and with pretreatment of the mast cell stabilizer ketotifen or the transient receptor potential channel receptor (TRP) agonist capsaicin. Protachykinin 1 (TAC1) expression was quantified in the trigeminal ganglia using real time polymerase chain reaction. Results At 1 hour after nasal application of OVA, increased conj. levels of beta-hexosaminidase (0.68 ± 0.03 nm versus 0.56 ± 0.02 nm; p = 0.02), histamine (751.1 ± 52.17 ng/mL versus 546.3 ± 76.91 ng/mL; p = 0.05), and EPO (0.66 ± 0.09 nm versus 0.37 ± 0.03 nm; p = 0.02) were detected compared with saline. Higher levels of TAC1 expression were found in the trigeminal ganglia at 24 hours after OVA application (1326 ± 255 versus 687.5 ± 90.77 TAC1/beta-actin; p = 0.04). Nasal challenge with C48/80 increased substance P and beta-hexosaminidase levels in the conjunctiva, as well as TAC1 expression. Pretreatment with ketotifen resulted in lower levels of substance P as well as TAC1 expression. Destruction of sensory nerves in the nose by capsaicin reduced the OVA-induced conj. levels of substance P, histamine, a beta-hexosaminidase. Conclusion Nasal allergen deposition in sensitized mice induced trigeminal TAC1 expression and conj. mast cell degranulation. These data represent a significant step forward in understanding the close interaction between nasal and conj. inflammation in allergy.
Elevated Total Serum IgE in Nonatopic Patients with Aspirin-exacerbated Respiratory Disease
Authors: Johns Christina B. , Laidlaw Tanya M. 
Published: July 2014

Background Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), also known as Samter's triad, is characterized by asthma, recurrent nasal polyps, and by allergic-like reactions to aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, although it is not a true immunoglobulin E (IgE)–mediated allergy. Atopy, although common in patients with AERD, is not a characteristic of the disease. Recently, we have observed a subgroup of patients with AERD who have no history of atopy but have abnormally elevated total serum IgE, a phenomenon that has been observed in patients with asthma has not been further explored. We sought to explore this phenomenon of elevated total serum IgE in the absence of atopy in a subset of patients with AERD. Methods Patients were diagnosed with AERD with an oral aspirin challenge at the Brigham and Women's Hospital Allergy and Clinics. Atopy was defined as a positive test result to at least one of the common aeroallergens. Elevated total serum IgE was defined as IgE of >100 I$U/mL. Results We present six patients with AERD and elevated total serum IgE in the absence of any clear atopy. Total serum E in the patients ranged from 110 to 1760 I$U/mL. Mean blood eosinophil levels for these patients were not significantly different from those of the entire cohort of patients with AERD included in the study. Conclusion In a subset of patients with AERD, we observed elevated total serum IgE even when atopy was not present. To better understand the disease, the cause and clinical relevance of this phenomenon deserves further exploration.
Le décrochage scolaire en France : usage du terme et transformation du problème scolaire
Authors: Bernard Pierre-Yves 
Published: July 2014

L’expression « décrochage scolaire » est devenue en quelques années une des principales désignations de la problématique des ruptures de scolarité à faible niveau de qualification en France. Partant de l’hypothèse que les choix sémantiques expriment une certaine forme d’interprétation du réel, il s’agit alors de considérer la diffusion de la question du décrochage scolaire comme une relecture d’un phénomène déjà problématisé dans l’espace public sous les termes de l’insertion professionnelle et de la qualification. Ce texte propose de situer dans un premier temps la question du décrochage scolaire dans le contexte plus général des problèmes éducatifs, en s’appuyant notamment sur l’exemple de la Mission générale d’insertion de l’Éducation nationale (MGI). Dans un deuxième temps, les acteurs sociaux impliqués dans la diffusion de la problématique du décrochage scolaire sont identifiés pour terminer sur l’analyse des discours des acteurs experts, à partir d’un matériau collecté sous forme d’entretiens.
Une réforme sans expert ? L'exemple du Ministère Jospin (1988-1989)
Authors: Aebischer Sylvie 
Published: July 2014

La loi d’orientation sur l’éducation de 1989, connue pour son mot d’ordre « Mettre l’élève au centre du système » et pour la mise en place des Instituts Universitaires de Formation des Maîtres, est généralement considérée comme le produit d’une expertise pédagogique. Or la fabrique de cette loi ne montre pas de recours direct à une telle expertise. Si expertise il y a, c’est sous une forme appauvrie, à l’état d’écho ou de traces qu’elle est à analysée, réappropriée en fonction des intérêts et représentations des acteurs mobilisés, pour servir des conceptions politiques préétablies – en l’occurrence, une série de croyances dans la modernisation administrative et la réforme de l’État. Étudier précisément le travail concret d’élaboration de ce texte nous conduit ainsi à repenser l’usage de l’expertise et de la circulation des savoirs dans la construction de l’action publique.
La « crise » de l'enseignement du français : qu'en dit la recherche ?
Authors: Duru-Bellat Marie , Bruno Pierre 
Published: July 2014

Contrairement aux idées reçues sur la baisse continue de niveau, le laxisme délibéré des institutions ou les carences éducatives supposées des classes populaires, les acquis des sciences humaines insistent au contraire sur l’importance fondamentale de l’évolution du rapport entre temps disponible et contenus de formation prescrits (au collège le volume horaire alloué au français et aux langues vivantes et anciennes passe d’environ 13 heures dans la première moitié du vingtième siècle à 7h50 en 1989). Ces acquis permettent aussi de montrer que l’école reste un espace de compétition entre familles, voire « classes sociales », où les inégalités sociales se déplacent et se renouvèlent. Si aucune réponse simple ne peut être apportée à ces questions, il apparait toutefois prioritaire de définir plus précisément un socle de compétences communes et de donner à chaque élève des conditions de travail égales.
Le patrimoine architectural colonial dans la région du Hodna, un héritage en voie de disparition. Cas de la ville de M’sila en Algérie
Authors: Boutabba Hynda , Farhi Abdallah , Mili Mohamed 
Published: July 2014

En choisissant de conserver certains éléments de leurs passés, les sociétés attestent de leurs valeurs symboliques (Poulot, 2006, p. 15). Or pour les sociétés qui ont fait l’objet d’une colonisation, la mémoire collective a du mal à reconnaître le legs du colonisateur. Ce denier représente un épisode douloureux de son existence, rappelant généralement l’hostilité et le bras de fer politico-économico-socio-culturel. Ayant vécu avec le colonialisme français un affrontement entre sa propre civilisation et celle de l’occident, l’Algérie rapproche la notion de patrimoine à celle de l’authenticité1 et va même à la considérer comme un système de protection à l’égard de l’autre (Mechta, 1991, p. 43 ; Gharbi, 2001) et de ce fait, l’ex-ville coloniale trouve du mal à se placer parmi les objets reconnus comme patrimoine culturel de la ville actuelle. À l’instar des villes des pays émergents, et sous l’effet d’une urbanisation accéléré e et incontrôlée, les anciennes villes coloniales ou les centres historiques des villes moyennes algériennes actuelles offrent des images urbaines hétérogènes, difficiles à lire et à maîtriser dans lesquelles s’oppose au style architectural colonial, un renouvellement tendanciel qui s’est opéré par substitution sans renvoi aux spécificités de cette architecture et de cet urbanisme coloniaux. Le présent papier se basera sur l’étude du centre-ville colonial de M’sila : le quartier Edhahra. Il présentera ses spécificités urbaines et architecturales, tentera d’expliquer la problématique du renouvellement urbain actuel et essayera d’identifier les causes de l’effacement conceptuel et stylistique de l’architecture et l’urbanisme coloniaux.