bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Application of High Surface Area Cordierite Synthesized from Kaolin as a Substrate for Auto Exhaust Catalysts
Authors: Mai Phuong Pham Thi , Tien Nguyen The , Le Minh Thang , Van Driessche Isabel 
Published: May 2015

AbstractCordierite is often used as substrate for three way catalysts for the treatment of automobile exhaust gases, mainly because of its high stability. In this paper, different synthesis methods of cordierite are systematically investigated with the aim to improve functionalities and surface properties. Amongst them, the conventional sintering method from kaolin was paid attention to, due to economic reasons and the high yield of obtained cordierite phase. With the aim to improve the porosity, burnable additives were added to the precursor powder and acid leaching was applied to treat the surface of the substrates. The latter was found to be the most efficient method, especially when dolomite and industrial aluminum hydroxide were added in the precursors. Surface area of the cordierite sample reaches 139 m2/g with acceptable mechanical strength. The increase of the cordierite surface area resulted in a higher loading of MnO2‐Co3O4‐NiO catalytic active phases, leading to higher activity for the complete oxidation of CO. The deposition of an additional ψ‐Al2O3 support layer, which is normally done for these kinds of applications, becomes superfluous.
The Aerobic Oxidation and C=C Bond Cleavage of Styrenes Catalyzed by Cerium(IV) Ammonium Nitrate (CAN)
Authors: Yu Lei , Huang Yaping , Bai Zengbing , Zhu Bingchun , Ding Kehong , Chen Tian , Ding Yuanhua , Wang Yuguang 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe CAN‐catalyzed aerobic oxidation severed the C=C bond selectively through the single electron transfer mechanism, giving a green method to decompose olefins. Compared with the literature reported examples, this method required simple catalyst, cheap, abundant and clean oxidant and was very safe to operate due to the mild conditions.
Theoretical Study of Structures and Spectra of Small Anticancer Drugs: Fluorouracil, Hydroxyurea, and Tirapazamine
Authors: Chong Delano P. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe structures and spectra of anticancer drug molecules fluorouracil, hydroxyurea, and tirapazamine are studied with ab initio methods and density functional theory. We optimize the geometry of the three molecules in gas phase and compute the vibrational spectra, dipole moments, and static dipole polarizabilities. Based on the coupled cluster method with single and double excitations (CCSD) results as standard for comparison for the geometry of fluorouracil and hydroxyurea, we conclude that third‐order Moeller‐Plesset perturbation (MP3) theory is more reliable than its second‐order shortcut (MP2) or the popular method in density functional theory known as Becke three‐parameter Lee‐Yang‐Parr exchange‐correlation functional (B3LYP). Using the best methods based on past experience, we also calculate the vertical ionization energies of both valence and core electrons. Most of the results are new predictions, while others compare well with previous calculations and with available experimental data. On the other hand, the absorption spectra of the aqueous solution of three title molecules are studied with time‐dependent DFT using the polarizable continuum model in conjunction with the nonequilibrium solvation method. Out of over 30 exchange‐correlation functions/models, five are found to be more reliable than the others when compared with the observed UV/visible spectra of fluorouracil and tirapazmine.
Selective Desorption of Intercalated Bovine Serum Albumin and Lysozyme by Organically Modified Montmorillonite
Authors: Tsai Tsung‐Yen , Hsu Chao‐Chen , Chao (Wu) Victor Wei‐Keh , Huang Sin‐Hsin , Chan Chieh , Wu Ti‐Chia , Wang Ping‐Han 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe organically modified montmorillonite (M‐Mt) was applied as an adsorbent for the purification of bovine serum albumin (BSA). In order to differentiate the selectivity and perform the purification of BSA, two kinds of proteins, BSA and lysozyme (LYZ) were mixed together and prepared at different pH, which could change the electrical charges on the surfaces of the proteins. BSA and LYZ can be adsorbed at the lower pH into the organically modified montmorillonite, which could be confirmed by powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) in the d‐value increased after the adsorption of proteins. However, there is only BSA desorption was observed, approved by the method of Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), from this adsorbed protein mixture when the pH of the solution was adjusted and optimized. These results indicate that there is electrostatic interaction between a suitably modified montmorillonite and proteins BSA and LYZ to perform the selective desorption from BSA in the mixture of these proteins.
Gold Nanoparticles as Dual Functional Sensor to Detect E.coliDH5α as a Model for Gram‐negative Bacteria
Authors: Ma Qun , Gong Nianchun , Li Yanle , Jiang Xi , Yin Li , Chen Xueyin , Huan Shuangyan 
Published: May 2015

Abstract4‐aminothiophenol‐modified gold nanoparticles (PATP‐AuNPs) were used as colorimetric and Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) probes for the sensitive detection of Escherichia coliDH5α, as a model for Gram‐negative bacteria. The nano‐probes were easy to prepare through Au‐S bonding. Under optimized conditions, the PATP‐AuNPs surface with positive charge can bind with negatively charged E.coliDH5α via electrostatic adhesion, resulting in a quick color change from red to blue, and also a dramatic SERS signal enhancement from thousands of AuNPs aggregated on the surface of bacteria, which was utilized for both colorimetric and SERS detection of E.coliDH5α. For colorimetric analysis, it is the first time that the classical partial least square (PLS) regression was utilized to deal with the relationship between adsorption and E.coliDH5α concentrations. Excellent linear relationship was observed from 1.1 x 107 to 1.3 x 108 cfu mL‐1 with the average relative error (ARE) of 5.430, which was more accurate than the traditional extinction ration method. When coupled with confocal Raman microscope, this PATP‐AuNPs probes could be used to detection SERS signals produced from even one single bacterium. This bioassay is rapid, less expensive and convenient for bacteria detection and analysis. Therefore, PATP‐AuNPs system as a novel, versatile, on‐site and real‐time Gram‐negative bacteria sensor, would have a wide range of practical applications.
How climate change has affected the spatio‐temporal patterns of precipitation and temperature at various time scales in North Korea
Authors: Nam Won‐Ho , Hong Eun‐Mi , Baigorria Guillermo A. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTDetecting changes in the spatio‐temporal patterns of temperature and precipitation is a prerequisite for developing effective adaptation options and strategies for the future. An effective method for assessing climate change and for providing information to decision makers and stakeholders is needed to implement appropriate adaptation strategies. The objective of this study was to determine whether climate change has caused spatio‐temporal changes in meteorological elements in North Korea. We delineated the spatio‐temporal patterns of temperature and precipitation caused by climate change in specific time periods based on statistically significant differences using a statistically robust method. Historical weather data from 27 meteorological stations over a 30‐year period (1981–2010) were used. The results demonstrated that statistically significant changes occurred over the 30 years. The temporal trends in the maximum and minimum temperatures were highly significantly different in the western agricultural regions and central/southwest urban regions during 1996–2010 compared with 1981–1995. The precipitation amounts were significantly different in the southeast regions (around the coast). The numbers of precipitation events were significantly different for portions of the northern and northeast areas near the mountains. Additionally, statistically significant differences in the spatial structures of the temperature and precipitation were found at different time scales. The significant differences were not uniform in each season/month. Therefore, significant differences occurred in the meteorological elements, and particular locations and urbanized areas were affected by global warming. However, the temporal trends and spatial structures of each meteorological element were not equally modified; the meteorological changes occurred locally as a result of the changing climate.
Proactive Goal Generation and Innovative Work Behavior: The Moderating Role of Affective Commitment, Production Ownership and Leader Support for Innovation
Authors: Montani Francesco , Battistelli Adalgisa , Odoardi Carlo 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBuilding on goal‐regulation theory, we develop and test the hypothesis that proactive goal generation fosters individual innovative work behavior. Consistent with a resource‐based perspective, we further examine two‐three‐way interactions to assess whether the link between proactive goal generation and innovative behavior is jointly moderated by organizational affective commitment and production ownership, or, alternatively, leader support for innovation. In a sample of 442 municipal employees from the administrative division of an Italian city hall, proactive goal generation was positively associated with innovative work behavior. Additionally, as expected, this relationship was stronger when employees were highly affectively committed to their organization and when they exhibited a high level of production ownership or received extensive support for innovation from their supervisors. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and genetic lineages of Enterococcus spp. from vegetable food, soil and irrigation water in farm environments in Tunisia
Authors: Ben Said Leila , Klibi Naouel , Dziri Raoudha , Borgo Francesca , Boudabous Abdellatif , Ben Slama Karim , Torres Carmen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to determine the species, clonal diversity, antibiotic resistance and virulence of enterococci in different environments. Seventy‐one samples of farm origin (34 of food vegetables, 27 of soil and ten of irrigation water) and 19 samples of vegetables from five markets, were inoculated in Slanetz‐Bartley agar plates supplemented or not with gentamicin (SB‐Gen and SB plates, respectively) for enterococci recovery.RESULTSEnterococci were obtained from 72.2% of tested samples in SB media (food vegetables from farms, 88.2%; soil and irrigation water, 51%; food vegetables from markets, 84.2%), and 65 enterococcal isolates were obtained. Enterococcus faecium was the most prevalent species (52.3%), followed by E. hirae (35.4%), E. faecalis (6.15%), and E. casseliflavus (6.15%). Antibiotic resistance detected among these enterococci was as follows (percentage/detected gene): ciprofloxacin (60%), erythromycin (18.4%/erm(B)), tetracycline (15.4%/tet(M)‐tet(L)), kanamycin (15.4%/aph(3′)‐III), chloramphenicol (7.7%), streptomycin (3%/ant(6)), vancomycin (6.15%/vanC2)), teicoplanin (0%) and ampicillin (0%). High‐level gentamicin‐resistant (HLR‐G) enterococci were detected in SB‐Gen plates in 14 of 90 tested samples (15.5%), and 15 isolates were characterized: ten E. faecalis, four E. faecium and one E. hirae. All HLR‐G enterococci carried the aac(6′)‐aph(2″), erm(B) and tet(M) genes, among other resistance genes. The HLR‐G isolates showed high genetic diversity (ten different PFGE profiles), and were ascribed to the sequence types ST2, ST16, ST28 and new ST528 (in E. faecalis), and ST56, new ST885 and new ST886 (in E. faecium).CONCLUSIONFood vegetables in the farm or market settings
are frequently contaminated by HLR‐G enterococci, and these microorganisms could reach the human intestine through the food chain, if hygienic conditions are not followed. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Identification of distinct layers within the stratified squamous epithelium of the adult human true vocal fold
Authors: Dowdall Jayme R. , Sadow Peter M. , Hartnick Christopher , Vinarsky Vladimir , Mou Hongmei , Zhao Rui , Song Phillip C. , Franco Ramon A. , Rajagopal Jayaraj 
Published: May 2015

Objectives/HypothesisA precise molecular schema for classifying the different cell types of the normal human vocal fold epithelium is lacking. We hypothesize that the true vocal fold epithelium has a cellular architecture and organization similar to that of other stratified squamous epithelia including the skin, cornea, oral mucosa, and esophagus. In analogy to disorders of the skin and gastrointestinal tract, a molecular definition of the normal cell types within the human vocal fold epithelium and a description of their geometric relationships should serve as a foundation for characterizing cellular changes associated with metaplasia, dysplasia, and cancer.Study DesignQualitative study with adult human larynges.MethodsHistologic sections of normal human laryngeal tissue were analyzed for morphology (hematoxylin and eosin) and immunohistochemical protein expression profile, including cytokeratins (CK13 and CK14), cornified envelope proteins (involucrin), basal cells (NGFR/p75), and proliferation markers (Ki67).ResultsWe demonstrated that three distinct cell strata with unique marker profiles are present within the stratified squamous epithelium of the true vocal fold. We used these definitions to establish that cell proliferation is restricted to certain cell types and layers within the epithelium. These distinct cell types are reproducible across five normal adult larynges.ConclusionWe have established that three layers of cells are present within the normal adult stratified squamous epithelium of the true vocal fold. Furthermore, replicating cell populations are largely restricted to the parabasal strata within the epithelium. This delineation of distinct cell populations will facilitate future studies of vocal fold regeneration and cancer.Level of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope, 125:E313–E319, 2015
A Systematic Review of Histone Lysine‐Specific Demethylase 1 and Its Inhibitors
Authors: Zheng Yi‐Chao , Ma Jinlian , Wang Zhiru , Li Jinfeng , Jiang Bailing , Zhou Wenjuan , Shi Xiaojing , Wang Xixin , Zhao Wen , Liu Hong‐Min 
Published: May 2015

AbstractHistone lysine‐specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is the first discovered and reported histone demethylase by Dr. Shi Yang's group in 2004. It is classified as a member of amine oxidase superfamily, the common feature of which is using the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) as its cofactor. Since it is located in cell nucleus and acts as a histone methylation eraser, LSD1 specifically removes mono‐ or dimethylated histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) and H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) through formaldehyde‐generating oxidation. It has been indicated that LSD1 and its downstream targets are involved in a wide range of biological courses, including embryonic development and tumor‐cell growth and metastasis. LSD1 has been reported to be overexpressed in variety of tumors. Inactivating LSD1 or downregulating its expression inhibits cancer‐cell development. LSD1 targeting inhibitors may represent a new insight in anticancer drug discovery. This review summarizes recent studies about LSD1 and mainly focuses on the basic physiological function of LSD1 and its involved mechanisms in pathophysiologic conditions, as well as the development of LSD1 inhibitors as potential anticancer therapeutic agents.
Improved T1, contrast concentration, and pharmacokinetic parameter quantification in the presence of fat with two‐point dixon for dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Le Yuan , Dale Brian , Akisik Fatih , Koons Karen , Lin Chen 
Published: May 2015

PurposeTo evaluate the impact of fat and fat‐suppression on the quantification of T1, gadolinium concentration, and pharmacokinetic parameters in DCE‐MRI.MethodsT1 values were measured in fat‐free phantoms using variable flip angle with no fat suppression, quick or interleaved fat saturation (QFS), or two‐point Dixon and were compared with reference values measured with inversion recovery–prepared turbo spin echo. Relaxivity of gadolinium‐benzyloxypropionictetraacetate (Gd‐BOPTA) was measured in emulsions of Gd‐BOPTA solution and fat using Dixon in‐phase and water‐only images. Liver T1 and pharmacokinetic parameters of 15 patients were calculated from Dixon in‐phase and water‐only images and were correlated with liver fat signal fraction.ResultsT1 values measured using Dixon water‐only and non–fat‐suppressed images matched the reference values; while T1 values measured using QFS showed large deviations. Relaxivities and Gd measured in the Dixon water‐only images were less affected by the fat than those measured in the in‐phase images. The correlation between liver fat fraction and the differences in measured pharmacokinetic parameters using Dixon in‐phase and water‐only images were significant (P < 0.05) for T1, Ktrans, and incremental area under the curve, but not Ve (P = 0.1).ConclusionDixon water‐only images provided more reliable estimation of T1, Gd, and pharmacokinetic parameters when fat was present. Magn Reson Med 75:1677–1684, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Joint estimation of chemical shift and quantitative susceptibility mapping (chemical QSM)
Authors: Dimov Alexey V. , Liu Tian , Spincemaille Pascal , Ecanow Jacob S. , Tan Huan , Edelman Robert R. , Wang Yi 
Published: May 2015

PurposeThe purpose of this work is to address the unsolved problem of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) of tissue with fat where both fat and susceptibility change the MR signal phase.Theory and MethodsThe chemical shift of fat was treated as an additional unknown and was estimated jointly with susceptibility to provide the best data fitting using an automated and iterative algorithm. A simplified susceptibility model was used to calculate an updated value of the chemical shift based on the local magnetic field in each iteration. Numerical simulation, phantom experiments and in vivo imaging were performed. Artifacts were assessed by measuring the susceptibility variance in uniform regions. Accuracy was assessed by comparison with ground truth in simulation, and using a susceptibility matching approach in phantom.ResultsUsing the proposed method, artifacts on the QSM image were markedly suppressed in all tested datasets compared with results generated using fixed chemical shifts. Accuracy of the estimated susceptibility was also improved in numerical simulation and phantom experiments.ConclusionA joint estimation of fat content and magnetic susceptibility using an iterative chemical shift update was shown to improve image quality and accuracy on QSM images. Magn Reson Med 73:2100–2110, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Relationship between Quantified Instrumental Swallowing Examination and Comprehensive Clinical Swallowing Examination
Authors: Oh Jong‐Chi , Park Ji‐Hyuk , Jung Min‐Ye , Yoo Eun‐Young , Chang Ki‐Yeon , Lee Teak‐Young 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe aim of this study was to identify the correlation between the Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability (MASA) and the Videofluoroscopic Dysphagia Scale (VDS) to investigate the applicability of the MASA as a follow‐up test of swallowing function. Criterion validity was assessed for MASA results versus VDS scores of tests administered to 54 patients who had a stroke and dysphagia. A significant correlation was found between the MASA and the VDS (correlation coefficient = −0.509). In analyses of test–re‐test reliability and inter‐rater reliability of the scoring scale, intraclass correlation coefficients (2, 1) were high (0.98, 0.99). In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that the MASA holds adequate clinical test–re‐test and inter‐rater reliabilities and criterion validity for measuring the swallowing abilities of Korean patients who had a stroke and dysphagia. The MASA could contribute to more systematic management of swallowing problems and efficient therapeutic service. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Specific chemotherapeutic agents induce metastatic behaviour through stromal‐ and tumour‐derived cytokine and angiogenic factor signalling
Authors: Liu Guanghua , Chen Yang , Qi Feifei , Jia Lin , Lu Xin‐an , He Ting , Fu Yan , Li Lin , Luo Yongzhang 
Published: May 2015

AbstractRecent studies reveal that chemotherapy can enhance metastasis due to host responses, such as augmented expression of adhesion molecules in endothelial cells and increased populations of myeloid cells. However, it is still unclear how tumour cells contribute to this process. Here, we observed that paclitaxel and carboplatin accelerated lung metastasis in tumour‐bearing mice, while doxorubicin and fluorouracil did not. Mechanistically, paclitaxel and carboplatin induced similar changes in cytokine and angiogenic factors. Increased levels of CXCR2, CXCR4, S1P/S1PR1, PlGF and PDGF‐BB were identified in the serum or primary tumour tissues of tumour‐bearing mice treated by paclitaxel. The serum levels of CXCL1 and PDGF‐BB and the tissue level of CXCR4 were also elevated by carboplatin. On the other hand, doxorubicin and fluorouracil did not induce such changes. The chemotherapy‐induced cytokine and angiogenic factor changes were also confirmed in gene expression datasets from human patients following chemotherapy treatment. These chemotherapy‐enhanced cytokines and angiogenic factors further induced angiogenesis, destabilized vascular integrity, recruited BMDCs to metastatic organs and mediated the proliferation, migration and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition of tumour cells. Interestingly, inhibitors of these factors counteracted chemotherapy‐enhanced metastasis in both tumour‐bearing mice and normal mice injected intravenously with B16F10–GFP cells. In particular, blockade of the SDF‐1α–CXCR4 or S1P–S1PR1 axes not only compromised chemotherapy‐induced metastasis but also prolonged the median survival time by 33.9% and 40.3%, respectively. The current study delineates the mechanism of chemotherapy‐induced metastasis and provides novel therapeutic strategies to counterbalance pro‐metastatic effects of chemo‐drugs via combination treatment with anti‐cytokine/anti‐angiogenic therapy. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.