bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catalyzed Reactions on Mineral Plaster Materials Used for Indoor Air Purification
Authors: Gunschera Jan , Markewitz Doreen , Koberski Ulrich , Salthammer Tunga 
Published: January 2013

AbstractZeolites have been used for a long time for purification and catalytical purposes. Recently, first products appeared on the market using zeolites also for improving the indoor air quality so far volatile organic compounds (VOC) are concerned. However, porous compounds like zeolites can be found also in plaster material. Therefore, it was manifest to evaluate the capability of plaster with regard to air cleaning. In this article, the contribution of plaster compounds toward adsorption and catalytical decomposition of VOCs is evaluated using α‐pinene, chlorobenzene, 2‐ethoxyethylacetate, and pentanal as target substances under standard conditions (23°C, 50% r.H.). These compounds were chosen because of their VOC typical physicochemical properties like molecular dimensions, density, boiling point, vapor pressure, and octanol–water distribution coefficient (logkow). Hydrated lime and metakaolin were found out to have good adsorption properties under these circumstances. Also natural zeolites showed good results especially on pentanal. By investigations in environmental chambers the reduction potential of test plasters on chlorobenzene and 2‐ethoxyethylacetate concentrations could be shown. Application of coatings had no or only temporary influence on the performance of the plaster. Additional tests in small chambers demonstrated the possibility to improve the properties of plasters with help of FAU‐ or MFI‐type zeolites but the experiments also showed that α‐pinene and pentanal undergo chemical reactions. Further effort should be made on investigations also toward other compounds, especially more volatile ones like formaldehyde. Also additional building materials like insulation material or boards should be taken into account.
Ammonium Transport Simulation in Horizontal Soil Columns from a Natural Inland Alkaline Wetland
Authors: Bai Junhong , Xiao Rong , Ye Xiaofei , Yan Denghua , Gao Haifeng , Wang Junjing 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAmmonium transport was simulated in horizontal soil columns from an inland alkaline wetland (Fulaowenpao wetland) of Northeast China. The primary objectives of this work are to investigate the changes in ammonium transport rate with increasing distances along horizontal soil column and to determine the effects of water diffusion rate and volumetric water content on ammonium transport rate. Our results showed that water diffusion coefficient was the lowest at the soil layer of 10–20 cm, followed by the 0–10 cm soil layer, and the highest value occured at the soil layer of 20–60 cm. The highest ammonium transport rate also appeared at the soil layer of 20–60 cm, while the lowest value was observed at the soil layer of 10–20 cm. Ammonium transport rates decreased with increasing distances along horizontal soil columns. The ammonium transport rates showed higher values at the distance from 0 to 6 cm and then decreased rapidly from 6 to 18 cm. However, they nearly kept constant and approached to zero after exceeding the distance of 18 cm. Ammonium transport rates increased exponentially with increasing volumetric water contents and water diffusion rates. The alkaline wetland soils prevented ammonium from horizontal diffusion at all soil layers under drying conditions.
Plant Species Richness Increased Belowground Plant Biomass and Substrate Nitrogen Removal in a Constructed Wetland
Authors: Wang Hai , Chen Zheng‐Xin , Zhang Xiao‐Yu , Zhu Si‐Xi , Ge Ying , Chang Scott‐X. , Zhang Chong‐Bang , Huang Cheng‐Cai , Chang Jie 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe effects of plant species richness on both above‐ and belowground plant biomass, plant nitrogen (N) pool size, and substrate N concentrations were studied in a full‐scale subsurface vertical‐flow constructed wetland (CW). Results showed that (i) plant species richness increased belowground plant biomass and its N pool size but had no effect on aboveground plant biomass and its N pool size; (ii) plant species richness increased substrate N removal, especially ammonium N removal; and (iii) plant species richness had no effect on plant N use efficiency, suggesting that the N pool size increased with increasing plant species richness. More N accumulation could be removed through harvesting plant biomass. We concluded that the N removal performance of the CW improved by plant species richness through increasing belowground biomass and relevant N pool size.
Identification of a Small‐Molecule Inhibitor of HIV‐1 Assembly that Targets the Phosphatidylinositol (4,5)‐bisphosphate Binding Site of the HIV‐1 Matrix Protein
Authors: Zentner Isaac , Sierra Luz‐Jeannette , Fraser Ayesha K. , Maciunas Lina , Mankowski Marie K. , Vinnik Andrei , Fedichev Peter , Ptak Roger G. , Martín‐García Julio , Cocklin Simon 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe development of drug resistance remains a critical problem for current HIV‐1 antiviral therapies, creating a need for new inhibitors of HIV‐1 replication. We previously reported on a novel anti‐HIV‐1 compound, N2‐(phenoxyacetyl)‐N‐[4‐(1‐piperidinylcarbonyl)benzyl]glycinamide (14), that binds to the highly conserved phosphatidylinositol (4,5)‐bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) binding pocket of the HIV‐1 matrix (MA) protein. In this study, we re‐evaluate the hits from the virtual screen used to identify compound 14 and test them directly in an HIV‐1 replication assay using primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This study resulted in the identification of three new compounds with antiviral activity; 2‐(4‐{[3‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐1,2,4‐oxadiazol‐5‐yl]methyl})‐1‐piperazinyl)‐N‐(4‐methylphenyl)acetamide (7), 3‐(2‐ethoxyphenyl)‐5‐[[4‐(4‐nitrophenyl)piperazin‐1‐yl]methyl]‐1,2,4‐oxadiazole (17), and N‐[4‐ethoxy‐3‐(1‐piperidinylsulfonyl)phenyl]‐2‐(imidazo[2,1‐b][1,3]thiazol‐6‐yl)acetamide (18), with compound 7 being the most potent of these hits. Mechanistic studies on 7 demonstrated that it directly interacts with and functions through HIV‐1 MA. In accordance with our drug target, compound 7 competes with PI(4,5)P2 for MA binding and, as a result, diminishes the production of new virus. Mutation of residues within the PI(4,5)P2 binding site of MA decreased the antiviral effect of compound 7. Additionally, compound 7 displays a broadly neutralizing anti‐HIV activity, with IC50 values of 7.5–15.6 μM for the group M isolates tested. Taken together, these results point towards a novel chemical probe that can be used to more closely study the biological role of MA and could, through further optimization, lead to a new class of anti‐HIV‐1 therapeutics.
Phase 2 study of pre‐excision single‐dose intraoperative radiation therapy for early‐stage breast cancers
Authors: VanderWalde Noam A. , Jones Ellen L. , Kimple Randall J. , Moore Dominic T. , Klauber‐DeMore Nancy , Sartor Carolyn I. , Ollila David W. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBACKGROUND:Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) allows delivery of high‐dose radiation at the time of lumpectomy, potentially sparing adjuvant daily radiation. A phase 2 study of pre‐excision IORT was performed for early‐stage breast cancer.METHODS:Patients ≥ 48 years of age with invasive ductal carcinoma, ≤ 3 cm, and clinically node‐negative were eligible for this study, which was approved by institutional review board. Ultrasound was used to select electron energy and cone size to cover the tumor plus 1.5‐ to 2.0‐cm lateral margins and 1‐cm‐deep margins (90% isodose). Fifteen Gy was delivered with a Mobetron irradiator, and immediate needle‐localized partial mastectomy followed. Local event results were updated using the Kaplan‐Meier method.RESULTS:A total of 53 patients received IORT alone. Median age was 63 years, and median tumor size was 1.2 cm. Of these, 81% were positive for estrogen receptor or progesterone receptor, 11% were positive for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and 15% were triple‐negative. Also, 42%, 49%, and 9% would have fallen into the Suitable, Cautionary, and Unsuitable groups, respectively, of the American Society of Therapeutic Radiation Oncology consensus statement for accelerated partial breast irradiation. Median follow‐up was 69 months. Ipsilateral events occurred in 8 of 53 patients. The 6‐year actuarial rate of ipsilateral events was 15% (95% confidence interval = 7%‐29%). The crude event rate for Suitable and Cautionary groups was 1 of 22 (5%) and 7 of 26 (27%), respectively. Overall survival was 94.4%, and breast cancer–specific survival was 100%.CONCLUSIONS:The rate of local events in this study is a matter of concern, especially in the Cautionary group. On the basis of these findings, pre‐excision IORT, as delivered in this study, may not provide adequate local control for less favorable early‐stage breast cancers. Cancer 2013. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Exploiting compression and approximation paradigms for effective and efficient online analytical processing over sensor network readings in data grid environments
Authors: Cuzzocrea Alfredo , Saccà Domenico 
Published: January 2013

SUMMARYAggregate queries are useful tools in the context of sensor network‐based systems as they retrieve knowledge from huge amounts of summarized readings to be exploited for knowledge discovery purposes. Actually, data representation and query models are problematic issues for managing sensor network data, because streams produced by sensors are theoretically unbounded. In this paper, we present a Grid framework, called SensorGrid, on the basis of data compression and approximation paradigms, which allows us to provide approximate answers to aggregate queries on summarized sensor network data. These queries are the basis for achieving Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) over sensor network readings in Data Grid environments, with both effectiveness and efficiency. We also present our experience in the context of a real‐life system focused on the management of environmental sensor network data. Another contribution of our research is represented by the extensive experimental evaluation and analysis of SensorGrid, which, in more details, focuses on two main classes of aggregate range queries over sensor readings, namely, (i) the window queries, which apply an SQL aggregation operator over a fixed window over the reading stream produced by the sensor network, and (ii) the continuous queries, which instead consider a ‘moving’ window and produce as output a stream of answers. Both classes of queries are extremely useful to extract summarized knowledge to be exploited by OLAP‐like analysis tools over sensor network data. The experimental results, conducted on both synthetic and real‐life data sets, clearly confirm the benefits deriving from embedding data compression and approximation paradigms into Grid‐based sensor network data‐intensive management systems.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improvement on the Catalytic Performance of Mg–Zr Mixed Oxides for Furfural–Acetone Aldol Condensation by Supporting on Mesoporous Carbons
Authors: Faba Laura , Díaz Eva , Ordóñez Salvador 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA new procedure for improving the performance of the most common catalysts used in aqueous‐phase aldol condensation (Mg–Zr mixed oxides) reactions is presented. This reaction is of interest for upgrading carbohydrate feedstocks. The procedure involves supporting Mg–Zr oxides on non‐microporous carbonaceous materials, such as carbon nanofibers (CNFs) or high‐surface‐area graphites (HSAGs), using either incipient wetness or coprecipitation procedures. The use of HSAGs together with the coprecipitation method provides the best performance. Results obtained for the cross‐condensation of acetone and furfural at 323 K reveal that the catalyst performance is greatly improved compared to the bulk oxides (96.5 % conversion vs. 81.4 % with the bulk oxide; 87.8 % selectivity for C13 and C8 adducts vs. 76.2 % with the bulk oxide). This difference is even more prominent in terms of rates per catalytically active basic site (four and seven times greater for C8 and C13 adducts, respectively). The improved performance is explained in terms of a more appropriate basic site distribution and by greater interaction of the reactants with the carbon surface. In addition, deactivation behavior of the catalyst is improved by tuning the morphology of the carbonaceous support. An important enhancement of the catalytic stability can be obtained selecting a HSAG with an appropriate pore diameter. With HSAG100 the activity decreased by less than 20 % between successive reaction cycles and the selectivity for the condensation products remained almost unaltered. The decrease is greater than 80 % for the bulk oxides tested at these conditions, with important increases in the selectivity for by‐product formation.
Generation of knock‐in mice that express nuclear enhanced green fluorescent protein and tamoxifen‐inducible Cre recombinase in the notochord from Foxa2 and T loci
Authors: Imuta Yu , Kiyonari Hiroshi , Jang Chuan‐Wei , Behringer Richard R. , Sasaki Hiroshi 
Published: January 2013

SummaryThe node and the notochord are important embryonic signaling centers that control embryonic pattern formation. Notochord progenitor cells present in the node and later in the posterior end of the notochord move anteriorly to generate the notochord. To understand the dynamics of cell movement during notochord development and the molecular mechanisms controlling this event, analyses of cell movements using time‐lapse imaging and conditional manipulation of gene activities are required. To achieve this goal, we generated two knock‐in mouse lines that simultaneously express nuclear enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and tamoxifen‐inducible Cre, CreERT2, from two notochord gene loci, Foxa2 and T (Brachury). In Foxa2nEGFP‐CreERT2/+ and TnEGFP‐CreERT2/+ embryos, nuclei of the Foxa2 or T‐expressing cells, which include the node, notochord, and endoderm (Foxa2) or wide range of posterior mesoderm (T), were labeled with EGFP at intensities that can be used for live imaging. Cre activity was also induced in cells expressing Foxa2 and T 1 day after tamoxifen administration. These mice are expected to be useful tools for analyzing the mechanisms of notochord development. genesis 51:210–218, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lewis Acid–Base Adducts of 1‐Mesityl‐ and 1‐Chloro‐2,3,4,5‐tetraphenylborole
Authors: Braunschweig Holger , Chiu Ching‐Wen , Gamon Daniela , Gruß Katrin , Hörl Christian , Kupfer Thomas , Radacki Krzysztof , Wahler Johannes 
Published: January 2013

AbstractElectron‐deficient borole compounds exhibit a pronounced Lewis acidity that is enhanced due to their antiaromatic character so that even weak donors datively coordinate to form Lewis acid–base adducts. This contribution presents the synthesis and structural characterization of Lewis acid–base adducts formed by the reaction of 1‐mesityl‐2,3,4,5‐tetraphenylborole and 4‐picoline as well as 1‐chloro‐2,3,4,5‐tetraphenylborole with various donors. The new compounds are characterized by means of multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction techniques and compared to related systems.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Allylic Arylation of Allylic Ethers with Arylboronic Acids Using Hydrazone Ligands
Authors: Mino Takashi , Kogure Taketo , Abe Taichi , Koizumi Tomoko , Fujita Tsutomu , Sakamoto Masami 
Published: January 2013

AbstractUnsymmetrical 1,3‐diarylpropenes were synthesized in good to high yields by the palladium‐catalyzed allylic arylation of allylic ethers, such as a cinnamyl phenyl ether, with a variety of arylboronic acids using a hydrazone 1a–Pd(OAc)2 system in DMAc/H2O. Using this catalyst, eugenol was also synthesized from allyl phenyl ether with (4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl)boronic acid pinacol ester.
One‐Pot Preparation of Arylethynyl Sulfides and Bis(arylethynyl) Sulfides
Authors: Su Qiong , Zhao Zi‐Jian , Xu Feng , Lou Peng‐Cai , Zhang Kai , Xie De‐Xun , Shi Lei , Cai Qing‐Yun , Peng Zhi‐Hong , An De‐Lie 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAn efficient preparation for arylethynyl sulfides 1 and bis(arylethynyl) sulfides 2 has been accomplished through a one‐pot, three‐step strategy that starts from arylethanonyl sulfides and bis(arylethanonyl) sulfides, respectively, without the use of various terminal arylacetylenes as substrates. When lithium hexamethyldisilazane (LHMDS), ClP(O)(OEt)2, and LHMDS were sequentially added to a tetrahydrofuran solution of different substrates [arylethanonyl sulfides or bis(arylethanonyl) sulfides], 1 or 2 were obtained in moderate to good yields. The reaction procedure involves the formation of an enol phosphate and a subsequent base‐induced elimination.
Diversity ideologies and intergroup relations: An examination of colorblindness and multiculturalism
Authors: Rattan Aneeta , Ambady Nalini 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn this review, we highlight the importance of understanding diversity ideologies, or people's beliefs and practices regarding diversity, for social psychological research on intergroup relations. This review focuses on two diversity ideologies, colorblindness and multiculturalism, and their impact on core issues related to intergroup conflict, such as stereotypes, prejudice, attitudes toward inequality, interracial interactions, and disparate outcomes between minority and majority group members. We close by highlighting some of the areas in which future research has the potential to be especially illuminating. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Graphite‐Composite Electrodes Bulk‐Modified with (BiO)2CO3 and Bi2O3 Plates‐Like Nanostructures for Trace Metal Determination by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry
Authors: Marinho Juliane Z. , Silva Rodrigo A. B. , Barbosa Tatielli G. G. , Richter Eduardo M. , Muñoz Rodrigo A. A. , Lima Renata C. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWe describe the preparation of bismutite ((BiO)2CO3) and bismuth‐oxide (Bi2O3) plates‐like nanostructures and their incorporation within graphite‐composite electrodes for the determination of trace metals by anodic‐stripping‐voltammetry. The bismuth nanostructures were produced under microwave‐hydrothermal conditions followed by thermal conversion of as‐prepared precursor and characterized by X‐ray diffraction, Fourier‐transformed infrared and field‐emission scanning‐electron‐microscopy. Graphite‐composite electrodes bulk‐modified with Bi2O3 nanostructures provided higher sensitivity and lower detection limits for determinations of cadmium, lead and zinc (0.26; 0.52; and 2.23 µg L−1, respectively) employing short deposition time (60 s). The results indicate that the modification of graphite‐composite electrodes with Bi2O3 nanostructures improved analytical characteristics of electrochemical sensors for trace‐metal determinations.
Space shift keying with amplify‐and‐forward MIMO relaying
Authors: Mesleh Raed , Ikki Salama S. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractSpace shift keying (SSK) is a multiple‐input, multiple‐output system where the indices of the transmit antennas form the constellation symbols and no other data symbol is transmitted. In this paper, amplify‐and‐forward (AF) multiple‐input, multiple‐output relaying techniques with an SSK system are proposed and analysed. Single and multiple relays are located between the source and the destination and used to forward the transmitted messages from the source to the destination. Conventional AF relaying in which all relays amplify their received signal and forward it to the destination at specific time slot and opportunistic AF relaying where only the best relay is activated and all other relays are kept silent are considered. The receiver, with a single receive antenna, applies optimum detector to retrieve the transmitted information bits. Closed‐form bit error ratio expressions are provided for a source equipped with two transmit antennas. Additionally, a good approximate upper bound is derived for higher number of transmit antennas. The analytical results are validated through Monte Carlo simulation results. It is revealed that multiple relays can be considered to significantly enhance the performance of SSK system, and the diversity gain equals the number of existing relays. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hypofractionated palliative radiotherapy for advanced head and neck cancer: The IHF2SQ regimen
Authors: Monnier Laurie , Touboul Emmanuel , Durdux Catherine , Lang Philippe , St Guily Jean Lacau , Huguet Florence 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundStandard treatment for unresectable advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is chemoradiotherapy, which can be toxic, particularly among patients with coexisting medical conditions. We report our experience with the hypofractionated radiotherapy regimen Irradiation HypoFractionnée 2 Séances Quotidiennes (IHF2SQ).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 78 patients treated with the IHF2SQ regimen. Radiotherapy was administrated as 2 fractions of 3 Gy per day (days 1 and 3), during the first, third, fifth, and seventh week of treatment with concurrent platinum‐based chemotherapy.ResultsTolerance was excellent. Forty‐one patients had complete or partial response. Median overall survival (OS) was 12.9 months and median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 10.3 months. One‐year OS, specific survival (SS), and PFS were 58%, 71%, 51.5%, respectively. Independent predictive factors increasing the PFS were response to chemoradiotherapy, male sex, and laryngeal tumor location.ConclusionsThis regimen is an alternative to conventional chemoradiotherapy with good response rates and acceptable toxicity for selected patients. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 35: 1683–1688, 2013
Predictors of poor outcome in patients w ith autoimmune hepatitis: A population-based study
Authors: Ngu Jing Hieng , Gearry Richard Blair , Frampton Chris Miles , Stedman Catherine A.M. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) can lead to cirrhosis, hepatic failure, and death. We aimed to identify predictors of advanced liver fibrosis at presentation, predictors of incomplete response to initial immunosuppression, and predictors of poor liver-related outcomes in the population-based AIH cohort from Canterbury, New Zealand. Cases diagnosed after 1980 that fulfilled standard diagnostic criteria were included. Cases were censored at death or liver transplantation and had a median follow-up of 9 years. Analyses were performed with Cox proportional hazards regression and logistic binary regression. The times to event outcomes were summarized using Kaplan-Meier curves. A total of 133 AIH patients were included. Predictors for advanced liver fibrosis at diagnosis were age at presentation of ≤20 years or >60 years (

P

= 0.02), serum albumin <36 g/L (

P

< 0.01), platelet <150 U/L (

P

< 0.01), and International Normalized Ratio (INR) >1.2 (

P

< 0.01). The only independent predictor for incomplete normalization of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 6 months was age at presentation ≤20 years. Independent predictors of poor liver-related outcomes were incomplete normalization of ALT at 6 months (

P

< 0.01), serum albumin <36 g/L (

P

< 0.01), and age at presentation of ≤20 years or >60 years (

P

= 0.01). Kaplan-Meier estimates showed that 10-year adverse liver event-free survival was 80% for age at presentation ≤20 years and >60 years, and 93% and 100% for age at presentation between 21-40 years and 41-60 years, respectively.

Conclusion

: Incomplete normalization of ALT at 6 months, low serum albumin concentration at diagnosis, and age at presentation of ≤20 years or >60 years were significant independent predictors of liver-related death or requirement for liver transplantation. Histological cirrhosis at diagnosis was not associated with poor prognosis and did not influence the response to initial immunosuppressive treatment.