bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic alliance in two treatments for adults with severe and enduring anorexia nervosa
Authors: Stiles‐Shields Colleen , Touyz Stephen , Hay Phillipa , Lacey Hubert , Crosby Ross D. , Rieger Elizabeth , Bamford Bryony , Le Grange Daniel 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the strength and role of therapeutic alliance in a trial comparing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for anorexia nervosa (CBT‐AN) and Specialist Supportive Clinical Management for the treatment of severe and enduring AN (SE‐AN).MethodParticipants were 63 adult females with SE‐AN presenting to an outpatient, multisite randomized controlled trial conducted at two clinical sites. Participants completed measures assessing their perception of the quality of the therapeutic relationship, eating disorder (ED) symptomatology, and depressive symptomatology.ResultsBeyond the effect of early treatment change and treatment assignment, early therapeutic alliance was a significant predictor of Restraint and Shape Concern at follow‐up (ps < .02). Late therapeutic alliance was a significant predictor of weight change, depressive symptomatology, and ED symptomatology at end of treatment and follow‐up (ps < .008), with the exception of Shape Concern at follow‐up (p = .07).DiscussionThe results suggest that therapeutic alliance can be effectively established in the treatment of SE‐AN and may be relevant for treatment response, particularly in late treatment, on some aspects of ED and depressive symptomatology. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013; 46:783–789)
Shrub canopies influence soil temperatures but not nutrient dynamics: An experimental test of tundra snow–shrub interactions
Authors: Myers‐Smith Isla H. , Hik David S. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractShrubs are the largest plant life form in tundra ecosystems; therefore, any changes in the abundance of shrubs will feedback to influence biodiversity, ecosystem function, and climate. The snow–shrub hypothesis asserts that shrub canopies trap snow and insulate soils in winter, increasing the rates of nutrient cycling to create a positive feedback to shrub expansion. However, previous work has not been able to separate the abiotic from the biotic influences of shrub canopies. We conducted a 3‐year factorial experiment to determine the influences of canopies on soil temperatures and nutrient cycling parameters by removing ~0.5 m high willow (Salix spp.) and birch (Betula glandulosa) shrubs, creating artificial shrub canopies and comparing these manipulations to nearby open tundra and shrub patches. Soil temperatures were 4–5°C warmer in January, and 2°C cooler in July under shrub cover. Natural shrub plots had 14–33 cm more snow in January than adjacent open tundra plots. Snow cover and soil temperatures were similar in the manipulated plots when compared with the respective unmanipulated treatments, indicating that shrub canopy cover was a dominant factor influencing the soil thermal regime. Conversely, we found no strong evidence of increased soil decomposition, CO2 fluxes, or nitrate or ammonia adsorbtion under artificial shrub canopy treatments when compared with unmanipulated open tundra. Our results suggest that the abiotic influences of shrub canopy cover alone on nutrient dynamics are weaker than previously asserted.
Sea‐level rise impact on fresh groundwater lenses in two‐layer small islands
Authors: Ketabchi Hamed , Mahmoodzadeh Davood , Ataie‐Ashtiani Behzad , Werner Adrian D. , Simmons Craig T. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe fresh groundwater lenses (FGLs) of small islands can be highly vulnerable to climate change impacts, including sea‐level rise (SLR). Many real cases of atoll or sandy islands involve two‐layer hydrogeological conceptualizations. In this paper, the influential factors that affect FGLs in two‐layer small islands subject to SLR are investigated. An analytical solution describing FGLs in circular islands, composed of two geological layers, is developed for the simplified case of steady‐state and sharp‐interface conditions. An application of the developed model is demonstrated to estimate the FGL thickness of some real‐world islands by comparison with existing FGL thickness data. Furthermore, numerical modelling is applied to extend the analysis to consider dispersion effects and to confirm comparable results for both cases. Sensitivity analyses are used to assess the importance of land‐surface inundation caused by SLR, relative to other parameters (i.e. thickness of aquifer layers, hydraulic conductivity, recharge rate and land‐surface slope) that influence the FGL. Dimensionless parameters are used to generalize the findings. The results demonstrate that land‐surface inundation has a considerable impact on a FGL influenced by SLR, as expected, although the FGL volume is more sensitive to recharge, aquifer thickness and hydraulic conductivity than SLR impacts, considering typical parameter ranges. The methodology presented in this study provides water resource managers with a rapid‐assessment tool for evaluating the likely impacts of SLR and accompanying LSI on FGLs.
Interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphism and hepcidin in rheumatoid arthritis: Correlations with clinical and laboratory indices of disease activity
Authors: Swellam Menha , Gabal Khadiga M. Abu , Youssef Samar Samir 
Published: September 2013

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease, which is manifested as an inflammatory polyarthritis. Authors aimed to analyze the relationship between serum hepcidin, 25 amino acid protein, concentration and the anemia profiles of RA and to estimate whether it could reflect the disease activity of RA. Also, this study was conducted to explore the linkage between interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) receptor antagonist gene (IL‐1RN) polymorphism, proinflammatory cytokine, and RA. One hundred and eighty five RA patients were enrolled in the study. For all, the following criteria were measured: RA disease activities, anemia profiles, serum concentration of hepcidin using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and DNA samples were used to study genotypes of IL‐1RN gene by polymerase chain reaction. Mean concentration of serum pro‐hepcidin was (93.6 ± 31.5 ng/mL) in 185 RA patients. An increased frequency of the IL‐1RN*1 and IL‐1RN*2 alleles was relative to active RA (DAS28 > 5.1) than those with inactive to moderate RA (DAS28 ≤ 5.1). Both hepcidin and IL‐1RN gene showed significant correlation with each other as well with RA disease activity parameters and anemia profile. IL‐1RN gene was significantly correlated with laboratory anemia profile apart from transferritin. There was a significant difference among pro‐hepcidin concentration and IL‐1RN frequency regarding patients with anemia of chronic disease and those without. In conclusion, both serum concentration of pro‐hepcidin and IL‐1RN genotypes frequency reflect the disease activity, regardless of the anemia states in RA patients, thus they may be another potential markers for disease activity of RA. © 2013 IUBMB Life, 65(10):883‐888, 2013
Advances in pathogenesis and therapy of hemolytic uremic syndrome caused by shiga toxin‐2
Authors: Ibarra Cristina , Amaral María Marta , Palermo Marina S. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractShiga toxin (Stx) producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is responsible to bloody diarrhea (hemorrhagic colitis) and the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). STEC strains carry inducible lambda phages integrated into their genomes that encode Stx 1 and/or 2, with several allelic variants each one. O157:H7 is the serotype that was documented in the vast majority of HUS cases although non‐O157 serotypes have been increasingly reported to account for HUS cases. However, the outbreak that occurred in central Europe during late spring of 2011 showed that the pathogen was E. coli O104:H4. More than 4,000 persons were infected mainly in Germany, and it produced more than 900 cases of HUS resulting in 54 deaths. E. coli O104:H4 is a hybrid organism that combines some of the virulence genes of STEC and enteroaggregative E. coli specially production of Stx2 and the adherence mechanisms to intestinal epithelium. The differences in the epidemiology and presentation of E. coli pathogen meant a challenge for public health and scientific research to increase the knowledge of HUS‐pathophysiology and to improve available therapies to treat HUS. © 2013 IUBMB Life, 65(10):827‐835, 2013
Does Bone Resorption Stimulate Periosteal Expansion? A Cross-Sectional Analysis of β-C-telopeptides of Type I Collagen (CTX), Genetic Markers of the RANKL Pathway, and Periosteal Circumference as Measured by pQCT
Authors: Kemp John P , Sayers Adrian , Paternoster Lavinia , Evans David M , Deere Kevin , St Pourcain Beate , Timpson Nicholas J , Ring Susan M , Lorentzon Mattias , Lehtimäki Terho , Eriksson Joel , Kähönen Mika , Raitakari Olli , Laaksonen Marika , Sievänen Harri , Viikari Jorma , Lyytikäinen Leo-Pekka , Smith George Davey , Fraser William D , Vandenput Liesbeth , Ohlsson Claes , Tobias Jon H 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

We hypothesized that bone resorption acts to increase bone strength through stimulation of periosteal expansion. Hence, we examined whether bone resorption, as reflected by serum β-C-telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX), is positively associated with periosteal circumference (PC), in contrast to inverse associations with parameters related to bone remodeling such as cortical bone mineral density (BMDC). CTX and mid-tibial peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) scans were available in 1130 adolescents (mean age 15.5 years) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, time of sampling, tanner stage, lean mass, fat mass, and height. CTX was positively related to PC (β = 0.19 [0.13, 0.24]) (coefficient = SD change per SD increase in CTX, 95% confidence interval)] but inversely associated with BMDC (β = –0.46 [–0.52,–0.40]) and cortical thickness [β = –0.11 (–0.18, –0.03)]. CTX was positively related to bone strength as reflected by the strength-strain index (SSI) (β = 0.09 [0.03, 0.14]). To examine the causal nature of this relationship, we then analyzed whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within key osteoclast regulatory genes, known to reduce areal/cortical BMD, conversely increase PC. Fifteen such genetic variants within or proximal to genes encoding receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK), RANK ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were identified by literature search. Six of the 15 alleles that were inversely related to BMD were positively related to CTX (p &lt; 0.05 cut-off) (n = 2379). Subsequently, we performed a meta-analysis of associations between these SNPs and PC in ALSPAC (n = 3382), Gothenburg Osteoporosis and Obesity Determinants (GOOD) (n = 938), and the Young Finns Study (YFS) (n = 1558). Five of the 15 alleles that were inversely related to BMD were positively related to PC (p &lt; 0.05 cut-off). We conclude that despite having lower BMD, individuals with a genetic predisposition to higher bone resorption have greater bone size, suggesting that higher bone resorption is permissive for greater periosteal expansion. © 2014 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The Interactive Effects of Self‐Perceptions and Job Requirements on Creative Problem Solving
Authors: Robinson‐Morral Erika J. , Reiter‐Palmon Roni , Kaufman James C. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractOver the years, researchers have focused on ways to facilitate creativity in the workplace by looking at individual factors and organizational factors that affect employee creativity (Woodman, Sawyer, & Griffin, ). In many cases, the factors that affect creativity are examined independently. In other words, it is uncommon for researchers to look at the interaction among individual and organizational factors. In this study, it is argued that to get a true understanding of how to maximize creativity in the workplace, organizational researchers must look at the interaction between organizational factors and individual factors that affect employee creativity. More specifically, the current study looked at an individual's perceptions about his or her ability to be creative (i.e., individual factor) and perceptions of requirements for creativity in the workplace (i.e., an organizational factor). The results indicated that individuals who have a high belief about their ability to be creative (an individual factor) were most creative when they also perceived requirements for creativity in the workplace (an organizational factor). Furthermore, individuals who had low perceptions of creative ability were still able to perform creatively when they had high perceptions of requirements for creativity. This suggests that, to maximize creativity, organizations should focus on both individual and organizational factors that affect employee creativity.
Experimental evidence that livestock grazing intensity affects cyclic vole population regulation processes
Authors: Villar Nacho , Cornulier Thomas , Evans Darren , Pakeman Robin , Redpath Steve , Lambin Xavier 
Published: September 2013

AbstractGrazing by domestic ungulates may limit the densities of small herbivorous mammals that act as key prey in ecosystems. Whether this also influences density dependence and the regulation of small herbivore populations, hence their propensity to exhibit multi‐annual population cycles, is unknown. Here, we combine time series analysis with a large‐scale grazing experiment on upland grasslands to examine the effects of livestock grazing intensity on the population dynamics of field voles (Microtus agrestis). Using log‐linear modelling of replicated time series under different grazing treatments, we show that increased sheep densities weaken delayed density dependent regulation of vole population growth, hence reducing the cyclicity in vole population dynamics. While population regulation is commonly attributed to both top‐down and bottom up processes, our results suggest that regulation of cyclic vole populations can be disrupted by the influence of another grazer in the same trophic level. These results support the view that ongoing changes in domestic grazing intensity, by affecting small mammal dynamics, can potentially have cascading impacts on higher trophic levels, and strongly influence the dynamics of upland grassland systems.
Practical Aspects of Recruitment and Retention in Clinical Trials of Rare Genetic Diseases: The Phenylketonuria (PKU) Experience
Authors: DeWard Stephanie J. , Wilson Ashley , Bausell Heather , Volz Ashley S. , Mooney Kimberly 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBringing treatments for rare genetic diseases to patients requires clinical research. Despite increasing activism from patient support and advocacy groups to increase access to clinical research studies, connecting rare disease patients with the clinical research opportunities that may help them has proven challenging. Chief among these challenges are the low incidence of these diseases resulting in a very small pool of known patients with a particular disease, difficulty of diagnosing rare genetic diseases, logistical issues such as long distances to the nearest treatment center, and substantial disease burden leading to loss of independence. Using clinical studies of phenylketonuria as an example, this paper discusses how, based on the authors’ collective experience, partnership among clinicians, patients, study coordinators, genetic counselors, dietitians, industry, patient support groups, and families can help overcome the challenges of recruiting and retaining patients in rare disease clinical trials. We discuss specific methods of collaboration, communication, and education as part of a long‐term effort to build a community committed to advancing the medical care of patients with rare genetic diseases. By talking to patients and families regularly about research initiatives and taking steps to make study participation as easy as possible, rare disease clinic staff can help ensure adequate study enrollment and successful study completion.
Acceptability of Telemedicine and Other Cancer Genetic Counseling Models of Service Delivery in Geographically Remote Settings
Authors: McDonald Eileen , Lamb Amanda , Grillo Barbara , Lucas Lee , Miesfeldt Susan 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThis work examined acceptability of cancer genetic counseling models of service delivery among Maine residents at risk for hereditary cancer susceptibility disorders. Pre‐counseling, participants ranked characteristics reflecting models of care from most to least important including: mode‐of‐communication (in‐person versus telegenetics), provider level of training (genetic specialty versus some training/experience), delivery format (one‐on‐one versus group counseling), and location (local versus tertiary service requiring travel). Associations between models of care characteristic rankings and patient characteristics, including rural residence, perceived cancer risk, and perceived risk for a hereditary cancer risk susceptibility disorder were examined. A total of 149/300 (49.7 % response rate) individuals from 11/16 Maine counties responded; 30.8 % were from rural counties; 92.2 % indicated that an important/the most important model of care characteristic is provider professional qualifications. Among other characteristics, 65.1 % ranked one‐on‐one counseling as important/the most important. In‐person and local counseling were ranked the two least important characteristics (51.8 % and 52.1 % important/the most important, respectively). Responses did not vary by patient characteristics with the exception of greater acceptance of group counseling among those at perceived high personal cancer risk. Cancer telegenetic services hold promise for access to expert providers in a one‐on‐one format for rurally remote clients.
Microalgae classification using semi-supervised and active learning based on Gaussian mixture models
Authors: Drews- Paulo , Colares Rafael G. , Machado Pablo , de Faria Matheus , Detoni Amália , Tavano Virgínia 
Published: September 2013

AbstractMicroalgae are unicellular organisms that have different shapes, sizes and structures. Classifying these microalgae manually can be an expensive task, because thousands of microalgae can be found in even a small sample of water. This paper presents an approach for an automatic/semi-automatic classification of microalgae based on semi-supervised and active learning algorithms, using Gaussian mixture models. The results show that the approach has an excellent cost-benefit relation, classifying more than 90 % of microalgae in a well distributed way, overcoming the supervised algorithm SVM.
Die körperdysmorphe Störung
Authors: Buhlmann Ulrike , Martin Alexandra , Tuschen-Caffier Brunna , Heinrichs Nina 
Published: September 2013

Charakteristisch für die körperdysmorphe Störung (KDS) ist eine übermäßige Beschäftigung mit einem wahrgenommenen Makel oder Defekt im körperlichen Aussehen (z. B. Hautunreinheiten, Falten, Asymmetrien im Gesichtsbereich), die mit einer signifikanten Beeinträchtigung im sozialen und/oder beruflichen Leben einhergeht. Menschen, die an einer KDS leiden, zeigen ritualisierte Verhaltensweisen (z. B. überprüfen sie ihr Äußeres immer wieder in Spiegeln) und leiden zudem häufig unter Angst vor negativer Bewertung sowie Vorstellungen, dass andere Personen negativ über ihr Aussehen sprechen. Aktuelle Studien zur Prävalenz der KDS in der Allgemeinbevölkerung weisen auf eine Punkt-Prävalenz von ca. 2 % hin (Geschlechterverhältnis: ca. 60 % Frauen versus 40 % Männer). Bei der psychotherapeutischen Behandlung der KDS haben sich kognitiv-behaviorale Psychotherapieansätze bewährt. Dennoch liegen derzeit zu wenig randomisiert-kontrollierte Psychotherapiestudien vor, um evidenzbasierte Handlungsempfehlungen zur Psychotherapie geben zu können.
Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Neurobiological Features and an Updated Model
Authors: Li Wei , Arienzo Donatello , Feusner Jamie D. 
Published: September 2013

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) affects approximately 2 % of the population and involves misperceived defects of appearance along with obsessive preoccupation and compulsive behaviors. There is evidence of neurobiological abnormalities associated with symptoms in BDD, although research to date is still limited. This review covers the latest neuropsychological, genetic, neurochemical, psychophysical, and neuroimaging studies, and synthesizes these findings into an updated (yet still preliminary) neurobiological model of the pathophysiology of BDD. We propose a model in which visual perceptual abnormalities, along with frontostriatal and limbic system dysfunction, may combine to contribute to the symptoms of impaired insight, obsessive thoughts, and compulsive behaviors expressed in BDD. Further research is necessary to gain a greater understanding of the etiology of BDD symptoms and their evolution over time.
targetHub: a programmable interface for miRNA–gene interactions
Authors: Manyam Ganiraju , Ivan Cristina , Calin George A. , Coombes Kevin R. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Motivation: With the expansion of high-throughput technologies, understanding different kinds of genome-level data is a common task. MicroRNA (miRNA) is increasingly profiled using high-throughput technologies (microarrays or next-generation sequencing). The downstream analysis of miRNA targets can be difficult. Although there are many databases and algorithms to predict miRNA targets, there are few tools to integrate miRNA–gene interaction data into high-throughput genomic analyses.
Results: We present targetHub, a CouchDB database of miRNA–gene interactions. TargetHub provides a programmer-friendly interface to access miRNA targets. The Web site provides RESTful access to miRNA–gene interactions with an assortment of gene and miRNA identifiers. It can be a useful tool to integrate miRNA target interaction data directly into high-throughput bioinformatics analyses.
Availability: TargetHub is available on the web at http://app1.bioinformatics.mdanderson.org/tarhub/_design/basic/index.html.
Contact: coombes.3@osu.edu