bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tribological manufacturing of ZDDP tribofilms functionalised by graphene nanoplatelets
Authors: Duston S , Oliver R A , Kubiak K J , Wang Y , Wang C , Morina A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
3D Tribo-Nanoprinting (3D TNP), which uses a highly controllable tribological contact to deposit tribofilms, has been proposed as a manufacturing method for nanoscale structures. Inspired by this, we show for the first time, as a proof of concept, the ability to electrically functionalise tribofilms for potential use in the manufacture of structures with nanoscale thickness. Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) tribofilms have been generated to include varying concentrations of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) resulting in them becoming electrically conductive when tested using conductive atomic force microscopy. In its highest GNP concentration, approximately 55% of the surface of the tribofilm was able to sustain current up to a threshold of 245 pA. The higher graphene content led to a suppression in film formation and decreased substrate coverage. Transmission electron microscopy revealed a dual-layered tribofilm with a carbon-rich layer above a pure layer of ZDDP tribofilm. Within the carbon-rich layer, the GNPs formed into scrolls which created an internal network through which current could flow, being limited by the insulating pure ZDDP layer at the film-substrate interface, and the presence of surface graphene sheets. A modified lateral force microscopy procedure supported the presence of surface graphene sheets. Despite limited deposition precision in terms of homogeneity and distribution of the tribofilms, this work provides a step towards the use of 3D TNP for the manufacture of electronic structures on the nanoscale by proving that tribofilms can be functionalised by the addition of particle additives.
Concepts, Innateness, and Why Concept Nativism Is about More Than Just Innate Concepts
Authors: Laurence Stephen , Margolis Eric 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter does three things. First, it discusses what innateness is, comparing our own view to two nearby views, and defending it against the charge that, because there are so many accounts of what innateness is, the whole notion should just be abandoned. Second, it provides an overview of theories of concepts and different ways of drawing the conceptual/nonconceptual distinction. Finally, it argues that the status of concept nativism isn’t hostage to any particular view about what concepts are or any particular view about how the conceptual/nonconceptual distinction should be drawn. Contrary to a tempting way of thinking about the status of concept nativism, it is both possible and preferable to remain neutral on the question of what the correct theory of concepts is in building a case for concept nativism.
The Argument from Animals
Authors: Laurence Stephen , Margolis Eric 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter presents the second of our seven arguments for concept nativism—the argument from animals. As in the previous chapters in Part IV, our discussion has a dual focus in that it aims both to clarify the logic of the argument from animals and to use this argument to continue developing the case for our version of concept nativism. Building on the preliminary sketch of the argument from animals in Chapter 4, we show that the argument from animals actually amounts to several distinct arguments, each of which provides independent support for concept nativism. We highlight a number of distinctive advantages associated with each of these and how the argument from animals complements the argument from early development. The main case studies discussed focus on representations of objects, faces, individuals, animals, numerical quantity, and sameness/difference.
Conclusion to Part III
Authors: Laurence Stephen , Margolis Eric 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides a brief conclusion to Part III, highlighting some of the important themes in Chapters 17–22. In considering the case for concept nativism, it is necessary to consider not only the arguments and considerations that support concept nativism, but also the most important and influential challenges and alternatives to concept nativism. Part III argues that none of these empiricist challenges or alternatives undermine our case for concept nativism. In fact, the many the problems that we identify for these challenges and alternatives only serve to strengthen our case for concept nativism. At the same time, we recognize that empiricist theorizing has led to important insights and models, which can make an important contribution to theories of conceptual development. But these insights and models can be incorporated into an overall rationalist approach to conceptual development, and this is how they stand to have the greatest impact.
Not All Concepts Are Innate
Authors: Laurence Stephen , Margolis Eric 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides a comprehensive critique of Jerry Fodor’s argument that concept learning is impossible, focusing on his most trenchant argument for this view. Fodor charges that concept learning models invariably presuppose the very concepts whose acquisition they are supposed to explain. The chapter explains exactly where Fodor’s argument goes wrong. We further show that even primitive concepts (concepts that are not composed of other concepts) can be learned, contrary to the widely held Acquisition by Composition model which is associated with Fodor’s argument against concept learning (but which is also endorsed by many of his critics). Finally, we also examine how the learning of primitive concepts is possible assuming different theories of conceptual content and how different types of primitive concepts can be learned, including natural kind concepts, artefact concepts, and concepts of individuals.
Conclusion to Part IV
Authors: Laurence Stephen , Margolis Eric 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides a brief conclusion to Part IV of the book, highlighting some of the important themes in Chapters 24–26. Whereas Part III addresses empiricist alternatives to our concept nativism, Part IV argues against both Fodor’s radical concept nativism and his notorious view that concept learning is impossible, while clarifying how our own version of concept nativism compares to Fodor’s radical concept nativism.
World and Underworld
Authors: Lye Suzanne 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chapter 5 shows how leaders, authors, and artists in fifth-century bce Athens used Underworld scenes to democratize the afterlife. From ghosts on stage in Aeschylus’ Persians and Aristophanes’ Frogs to grave stelai accompanying public funeral orations for the war dead, Underworld scenes created more points of contact between the living and the dead in everyday civic spaces to reinforce political narratives defining Athenian identity. Underworld scenes across media in this period not only questioned the finality of death but also made the barrier between the living and the dead more permeable with the result that a blessed, Golden Age–type afterlife was perceived to be more accessible to all individuals. By making a role for the dead in civic life, Underworld scenes became tools for political propaganda to generate popular support for Athenians’ self-image and ongoing military conflicts, particularly during times of strife.
Epilogue
Authors: Lye Suzanne 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This Epilogue examines the later reception of ancient Greek Underworld scenes across time and cultural contexts and reaffirms the methodology of treating Underworld scenes as hypertextual commentaries. This chapter shows the persistence and stability of Greek Underworld scenes as a locus of embedded authorial commentary. Using examples from Vergil’s Underworld scene in Aeneid 6 and Lucian’s satirical dialogues involving the dead (e.g., the True History, Dialogues of the Dead, and Downward Journey), this Epilogue reflects on the long use of Underworld scenes to give sharp social and political commentaries by couching criticism and propaganda in mythological and literary term. The book concludes with a reflection on how Underworld scenes and their hypertextual poetics have been used for millennia to reinforce values, stoke revolutions in thought, and influence the reception of different ideologies and artistic products.
Anna Jameson and Sacred and Legendary Art
Authors: Stone Alison 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines Anna Jameson’s Sacred and Legendary Art, published from 1845 onwards. Existing scholarship focuses on how Jameson reclaims positive female figures from religious art, but I look at her wider conception of art. For Jameson, art is always expressive of the wider civilization it belongs to, specifically that civilization’s religious beliefs. She distinguishes two great ages of art: classical Greek and Christian Gothic. Because Christian art strains beyond finite expression, it always needs decoding, and Sacred Art provides this decoding for the heritage of European Christian art. For Jameson, Christian-era art was good art when it genuinely expressed popular Christian beliefs and legends which embodied people’s moral hopes for a better world. Jameson thus forged a triangular link amongst art, religion, and ethics. The chapter closes by considering John Ruskin’s criticisms of Jameson.
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy with recurrent ventricular tachycardias: from catheter ablation and stereotactic radiotherapy to heart transplant—a case report
Authors: Kautzner Josef , Hašková Jana , Cvek Jakub , Adamíra Marek , Peichl Petr 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Management of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is often challenging, depending on clinical manifestation. This case report illustrates the complex treatment of HOCM with associated recurrent ventricular arrhythmias.

Case summary
A 54-year-old female with HOCM diagnosed in 2012 underwent a failed attempt for alcohol septal ablation, implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, and repeated radiofrequency ablations (including ablation of the septal bulge to reduce LV obstruction). For ventricular tachycardia (VT) recurrences, she had stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation with subsequent epicardial cryoablation from mini-thoracotomy, and endocardial ablation with pulsed field energy. The situation was finally solved by mechanical support and heart transplantation.

Discussion
A few important lessons can be learned from the case. First, radiofrequency ablation was used successfully to decrease left outflow tract obstruction. Second, stereotactic radiotherapy has been used after four previous endo/epicardial catheter ablations to decrease the recurrences of VT. Third, mini-thoracotomy was used after previous epicardial ablation with subsequent adhesions to modify the epicardial substrate with cryoenergy. Fourth, pulsed field ablation of atrial fibrillation resulted in an excellent therapeutic effect. Fifth, pulsed field ablation was also used to modify the substrate for VT, and was complicated by transient AV block with haemodynamic deterioration requiring mechanical support. Finally, a heart transplant was the ultimate solution in the management of recurrent VT.
Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of flowering regulation and vernalization in Chinese cabbage shoot apex
Authors: Dai Yun , Zhang Shifan , Guan Jiantao , Wang Shaoxing , Zhang Hui , Li Guoliang , Sun Rifei , Li Fei , Zhang Shujiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In Chinese cabbage development the interplay between shoot apex activity and vernalization is pivotal for flowering timing. The intricate relationship between various cell types in the shoot apex meristem and their roles in regulating flowering gene expression in Chinese cabbage is not yet fully understood. A thorough analysis of single-cell types in the Chinese cabbage shoot apex and their influence on flowering genes and vernalization is essential for deeper insight. Our study first established a single-cell transcriptomic atlas of Chinese cabbage after 25 days of non-vernalization. Analyzing 19 602 single cells, we differentiated them into 15 distinct cell clusters using established marker genes. We found that key genes in shoot apex development and flowering were primarily present in shoot meristematic cells (SMCs), companion cells (CCs), and mesophyll cells (MCs). MADS-box protein FLOWERING LOCUS C 2 (BrFLC2), a gene suppressing flowering, was observed in CCs, mirroring patterns found in Arabidopsis. By mapping developmental trajectories of SMCs, CCs, and MCs, we elucidated the evolutionary pathways of crucial genes in shoot apex development and flowering. The creation of a single-cell transcriptional atlas of the Chinese cabbage shoot apex under vernalization revealed distinct alterations in the expression of known flowering genes, such as VERNALIZATION INSENSITIVE 3 (VIN3), VERNALIZATION 1 (VRN1), VERNALIZATION 2 (VRN2), BrFLC, and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), which varied by cell type. Our study underscores the transformative impact of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) for unraveling the complex differentiation and vernalization processes in the Chinese cabbage shoot apex. These insights are pivotal for enhancing breeding strategies and cultivation management of this vital vegetable.
Core microbiome-associated proteins associated with ulcerative colitis interact with cytokines for synergistic or antagonistic effects on gut bacteria
Authors: Zhang Ting , Zhong Hang , Lin Lu , Zhang Zhiyan , Xue Kewen , He Feixiang , Luo Yingshu , Wang Panpan , Zhao Zhi , Cong Li , Pang Pengfei , Li Xiaofeng , Shan Hong , Yan Zhixiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is associated with a loss or an imbalance of host–microorganism interactions. However, such interactions at protein levels remain largely unknown. Here, we applied a depletion-assisted metaproteomics approach to obtain in-depth host–microbiome association networks of IBD, where the core host proteins shifted from those maintaining mucosal homeostasis in controls to those involved in inflammation, proteolysis, and intestinal barrier in IBD. Microbial nodes such as short-chain fatty-acid producer-related host–microbial crosstalk were lost or suppressed by inflammatory proteins in IBD. Guided by protein–protein association networks, we employed proteomics and lipidomics to investigate the effects of UC-related core proteins S100A8, S100A9, and cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) on gut bacteria. These proteins suppressed purine nucleotide biosynthesis in stool-derived in vitro communities, which was also reduced in IBD stool samples. Single species study revealed that S100A8, S100A9, and cytokines can synergistically or antagonistically alter gut bacteria intracellular and secreted proteome, with combined S100A8 and S100A9 potently inhibiting beneficial Bifidobacterium adolescentis. Furthermore, these inflammatory proteins only altered the extracellular but not intracellular proteins of Ruminococcus gnavus. Generally, S100A8 induced more significant bacterial proteome changes than S100A9, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α but gut bacteria degrade significantly more S100A8 than S100A9 in the presence of both proteins. Among the investigated species, distinct lipid alterations were only observed in Bacteroides vulgatus treated with combined S100A8, S100A9, and cytokines. These results provided a valuable resource of inflammatory protein-centric host–microbial molecular interactions.
Sequent calculi and an efficient theorem prover for conditional logics with selection function semantics
Authors: Gliozzi Valentina , Pozzato Gian Luca , Tessore Gabriele , Valese Alberto 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this paper we present our final solution to the problem of designing an efficient theorem prover for Conditional Logics with the selection function semantics. Conditional Logics recently have received a renewed attention and have found several applications in knowledge representation and artificial intelligence. In order to provide an efficient theorem prover for Conditional Logics, we introduce labelled sequent calculi for the logics characterized by well-established axioms systems including the axiom of strong centering CS, the axiom of conditional identity ID, the axiom of conditional modus ponens MP, as well as the conditional third excluded middle CEM, rejected by Lewis but endorsed by Stalnaker, as well as for the whole cube of extensions. The proposed calculi revise and improve the calculi SeqS introduced in Olivetti et al. (2007, ACM Trans. Comput. Logics, 8). We also present an implementation of these calculi in SWI Prolog, including a graphical interface in Python as well as standard heuristics and refinements that allow us to obtain an efficient theorem prover for the logics under consideration. Moreover, we present some statistics about the performances of the theorem prover, which are promising and significantly better than those of its predecessor CondLean, an implementation of the calculi SeqS.
Operating room scheduling via answer set programming: Improved encoding and test on real data
Authors: Dodaro Carmine , Galatà Giuseppe , Gebser Martin , Maratea Marco , Marte Cinzia , Mochi Marco , Scanu Marco 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Operating Room Scheduling (ORS) problem deals with the optimization of daily operating room surgery schedules. It is a challenging problem subject to many constraints, like to determine the starting time of different surgeries and allocating the required resources, including the availability of beds in different units. In the past years, Answer Set Programming (ASP) has been successfully employed for addressing and solving the ORS problem. Despite its importance, due to the inherent difficulty of retrieving real data, all the analyses on ORS ASP encodings have been performed on synthetic data so far. In this paper, first we present a new, improved ASP encoding for the ORS problem. Then, we deal with the real case of ASL1 Liguria, an Italian health authority operating through three hospitals, and present adaptations of the ASP encodings to deal with the real-world data. Further, we analyse the resulting encodings on hospital scheduling data by ASL1 Liguria. Results on some scenarios show that the ASP solutions produce satisfying schedules also when applied to such challenging, real data.1
Local wisdom in psychosocial handling of women earthquake survivors in Indonesia
Authors: Rahayu Romika , Rifqi Miˈrajul , Pohan Rizky Andana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article highlights local Indonesian wisdom in the psychosocial treatment of female earthquake survivors, including interaction with nature, God and fellow humans, which helps reduce the psychological impact through activities such as reading the Koran, praying and cooking together in the refugee camp’s public kitchen.
Structures and Processes of Grading Committees in Internal Medicine Clerkships: Results of a National Survey
Authors: Alexandraki Irene , Osman Nora , Ratcliffe Temple , Simon Wendy , McBee Elexis , Kisielewski Michael , Lai Cindy J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Clerkship grades are important in the residency selection process but can be influenced by individual bias and grading tendencies. Although clinical competency committees are standard in graduate medical education, in undergraduate medical education, they have not gained widespread traction. This study describes structures and processes of grading committees in internal medicine (IM) clerkships and strategies used to mitigate grading bias.

Method
From September to December 2022, the Clerkship Directors in Internal Medicine conducted its annual survey of IM core clerkship directors at 140 U.S. and U.S. territory–based medical schools. This study was based on 23 questions about grading committees in IM clerkships.

Results
The survey response rate was 80% (n = 112/140). Forty-seven respondents (42%) reported using grading committees in their IM clerkship (median committee size, 7; range, 3–20) (primarily clerkship leadership and faculty). Responsibilities included determining grades for all students (31 [66%]) and students at borderline of failing (30 [64%]), adjudicating on students with professionalism concerns (25 [53%]), and reconciling discordant clinical evaluations (24 [51%]). To mitigate deliberation bias, committees most frequently used multisource assessments (38 [81%]) and adoption of a shared mental model (36 [77%]). Approximately one-third of grading committees “rarely” discussed gender (14 [30%]) and race or ethnicity (15 [32%]), and 7 committees (15%) “never” discussed gender and race or ethnicity. Clerkship directors perceived developing a shared mental model (60 [92%]), promoting consistency (59 [91%]) and transparency (57 [88%]) in the process, mitigating assessment bias (58 [89%]), improving student satisfaction (54 [83%]), and sharing grading responsibility (44 [68%]) as potential benefits.

Conclusions
This study found that grading committees in IM clerkships are not widely used and that existing committees vary in structure and process. These findings highlight an opportunity for medical schools to consider using grading committees to improve grade assignment and address grading inconsistencies.
The Circulasome: A Unifying Theory of Flap Vascularity
Authors: Izadpanah Amin , Alt Eckhard U. , Izadpanah Reza 
Published: July 2024

Summary:
Despite the critical roles of nondominant perforators, choke vessels, and direct and indirect linking vessels in flap vascularity, current models of flap perfusion focus on a primary large caliber perforators. The delay phenomenon, microvascularization, neovascularization, and vascular evolution, which depend on smaller caliber vessels, remain unaccounted for. We propose that the “circulasome” consists of the sum of the entire vascular components of a given region, such that the region is supplied by a primary supplying vessel. The circulasome represents one of the indices of flap supply and is proportional to the angiogenic potential of the region and the vascular substrate capable of promoting growth of vascular networks. By accounting for both the primary flap supplying vessel and secondary vascular structures, the circulasome provides a unifying explanation for neovascularization, delay phenomenon, angiosome and perforasome theories, and vascular evolution in flaps.