bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tolerability and efficacy of pegylated interferon‐α‐2a in combination with imatinib for patients with chronic‐phase chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Johnson‐Ansah Hyacinthe , Guilhot Joelle , Rousselot Philippe , Rea Delphine , Legros Laurence , Rigal‐Huguet Françoise , Nicolini Franck Emmanuel , Mahon François‐Xavier , Preudhomme Claude , Guilhot François 
Published: October 2013

BACKGROUNDThe pegylated form of interferon‐α‐2a (PegIFNa2a) in combination with imatinib has demonstrated a molecular improvement in patients with chronic‐phase chronic myeloid leukemia. However, to the authors' knowledge, the appropriate dose of PegIFNa2a has not been established to date.METHODSIn the French SPIRIT trial, the authors compared 2 initial doses of PegIFNa2a, taking into account an amendment that recommended reducing that dose from 90 μg/week to 45 μg/week because of toxicities. Accordingly, 2 subgroups of patients were identified: the PegIFN90 group (171 patients who were treated with the 90‐μg/week dose) and the PegIFN45 group (50 patients who were treated with the 45‐μg/week dose). Both groups were compared for toxicity and efficacy.RESULTSPegIFNa2a at a dose of 90 μg/week resulted in a rate of 54% of grade 3 to 4 hematologic toxicity compared with 27% with the dose of 45 μg/week (P < .001), leading to discontinuation rates of 40% and 10%, respectively, before 6 months. The dose reduction did not significantly affect the efficacy of the combination. By 12 months, the cumulative molecular response rates (ie, BCR‐ABL/abl ≤ 0.01 [IS: molecular responses graded as molecular response 4 (MR4)]) were 14% and 25%, respectively, for the subgroup treated with imatinib at a dose of 400 mg and the PegIFN90 subgroup. After the amendment, the MR4 rates were 10% and 28%, respectively, for the subgroup treated with imatinib at the 400‐mg dose and PegIFN45 subgroup (P < .0001).CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study demonstrate that in combination with imatinib, the efficient dose of PegIFNa2a appears to be 45 μg/week. Cancer 2013;119:4284–4289. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Short telomere lengths in peripheral blood leukocytes are associated with an increased risk of oral premalignant lesion and oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Bau Da‐Tian , Lippman Scott M. , Xu Enping , Gong Yilei , Lee J. Jack , Wu Xifeng , Gu Jian 
Published: October 2013

BACKGROUNDOral premalignant lesions (OPLs) are precursors of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Short telomeres in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) are associated with increased risks of several cancers. However, it is unclear whether short leukocyte telomere length (LTL) predisposes individuals to OPL and OSCC.METHODSLTL was measured in PBLs from 266 patients who had a diagnosis of either OPL (N = 174) or OSCC (N = 92) and from 394 age‐matched and sex‐matched controls. The association between LTL and the risk of OPL or OSCC, as well as the interaction of telomere length, cigarette smoking, and alcohol drinking on the risk of OPL or OSCC, were analyzed.RESULTSThe age‐adjusted relative LTL was shortest in the OSCC group (1.64 ± 0.29), intermediate in the OPL group (1.75 ± 0.43), and longest in the control group (1.82 ± 0.36; Ptrend < .001). When the analysis was dichotomized at the median value in controls, adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, and alcohol drinking status, the odds ratio for the risk of OPL and OSCC associated with short LTL was 2.03 (95% confidence interval, 1.29‐3.21) and 3.47 (95% CI, 1.84‐6.53), respectively, with significant dose‐response effects for both associations. Among 174 patients with OPL, 23 progressed to OSCC, and the mean LTL was shorter in progressors than in nonprogressors (mean ± standard deviation: 1.66 ± 0.35 vs 1.77 ± 0.44, respectively), although the difference did not reach statistical significance (P = .258), probably because of the small number of progressors. An interaction analysis identified short LTL, smoking, and drinking alcohol as independent risk factors for OPL and OSCC.CONCLUSIONSShort LTL was associated with increased risks of developing OPL and OSCC. The current results also indicated that short LTL likely predisposes patients to the malignant progression of OPL. Cancer 2013;119:4277–4283. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Discovering biological knowledge by integrating high‐throughput data and scientific literature on the cloud
Authors: Spampinato C. , Kavasidis I. , Aldinucci M. , Pino C. , Giordano D. , Faro A. 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, we present a bioinformatics knowledge discovery tool for extracting and validating associations between biological entities. By mining specialized scientific literature, the tool not only generates biological hypotheses in the form of associations between genes, proteins, miRNA and diseases but also validates the plausibility of such associations against high‐throughput biological data (e.g. microarray) and annotated databases (e.g. Gene Ontology). Both the knowledge discovery system and its validation are carried out by exploiting the advantages and the potentialities of the Cloud, which allowed us to derive and check the validity of thousands of biological associations in a reasonable amount of time. The system was tested on a dataset containing more than 1000 gene–disease associations achieving an average recall of about 71%, outperforming existing approaches. The results also showed that porting a data‐intensive application in an Infrastructure as a Service cloud environment boosts significantly the application's efficiency. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gold‐Nanoparticle‐Based Catalysts for the Oxidative Esterification of 1,4‐Butanediol into Dimethyl Succinate
Authors: Brett Gemma L. , Miedziak Peter J. , He Qian , Knight David W. , Edwards Jennifer K. , Taylor Stuart H. , Kiely Christopher J. , Hutchings Graham J. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe oxidation of 1,4‐butanediol and butyrolactone have been investigated by using supported gold, palladium and gold–palladium nanoparticles. The products of such reactions are valuable chemical intermediates and, for example, can present a viable pathway for the sustainable production of polymers. If both gold and palladium were present, a significant synergistic effect on the selective formation of dimethyl succinate was observed. The support played a significant role in the reaction, with magnesium hydroxide leading to the highest yield of dimethyl succinate. Based on structural characterisation of the fresh and used catalysts, it was determined that small gold–palladium nanoalloys supported on a basic Mg(OH)2 support provided the best catalysts for this reaction.
Conversion of Cellulose into Isosorbide over Bifunctional Ruthenium Nanoparticles Supported on Niobium Phosphate
Authors: Sun Peng , Long Xiangdong , He Hao , Xia Chungu , Li Fuwei 
Published: October 2013

AbstractConsiderable effort has been applied to the development of new processes and catalysts for cellulose conversion to valuable platform chemicals. Isosorbide is among the most interesting products as it can be applied as a monomer and building block for the future replacement of fossil resource‐based products. A sustainable method of isosorbide production from cellulose is presented in this work. The strategy relies on a bifunctional Ru catalyst supported on mesoporous niobium phosphate in a H2 atmosphere under pressure without further addition of any soluble acid. Over 50 % yield of isosorbide with almost 100 % cellulose conversion can be obtained in 1 h. The large surface area, pore size, and strong acidity of mesoporous niobium phosphate promote the hydrolysis of cellulose and dehydration of sorbitol; additionally, the appropriate size of the supported Ru nanoparticles avoids unnecessary hydrogenolysis of sorbitol. Under a cellulose/catalyst mass ratio of 43.3, the present bifunctional catalyst could be stably used up to six times, with its mesoporous structure well preserved and without detectable Ru leaching into the reaction solution.
PIC Simulation of Current‐Driven Buneman Instability in Presence of Collisional and Thermal Effects
Authors: Hashemzadeh M. , Niknam A. R. , Komaizi D. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractCollisional and thermal effects on the nonlinear evolution of Buneman instability in an unmagnetized current‐driven plasma are investigated by particle in cell simulations. These simulations show that, as the time passes, the electron distribution function profiles deviate from initial shifted Maxwellian distribution and the electron phase‐space holes can be formed. The electron distribution function profiles also indicate the counter‐streaming and plateau formation. Moreover, the contour of the electric field and profiles of the growth rate display the resonance condition for this instability. Finally, the time evolution of the electric field energy density and ion kinetic energy in the presence of collisional and thermal effects are presented. These evolutions illustrate that in the presence of collisions, the growth rate of the Buneman instability is smaller than the collisionless case. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
X‐Region: A framework for location privacy preservation in mobile peer‐to‐peer networks
Authors: Che Yanzhe , He Qinming , Hong Xiaoyan , Chiew Kevin 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYWhile enjoying various LBS (location‐based services), users also face the threats of location privacy disclosure. This is because even if the communications between users and LBS providers can be encrypted and anonymized, the sensitive information inside LBS queries may disclose the exact location or even the identity of a user. The existing research on location privacy preservation in mobile peer‐to‐peer (P2P) networks assumed that users trust each other and directly share location information with each other. Nonetheless, this assumption is not practical for most of the mobile P2P scenarios, for example, an adversary can pretend to be a normal user and collect the locations of other users. Aiming at this issue, this paper presents x‐region as a solution to preserve the location privacy in a mobile P2P environment where no trust relationships are assumed amongst mobile users. The main idea is to allow users to share a blurred region known as x‐region instead of their exact locations so that one cannot distinguish any user from others inside the region. We propose a theoretical metric for measuring the anonymity property of x‐region, together with three algorithms for generating an x‐region, namely, benchmark algorithm, weighted expanding algorithm, and aggressive weighted expanding algorithm. These algorithms achieve the anonymity and QoS requirements with different strategies. Our experiments verify the performance of the algorithms against three key metrics. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Asymmetric active cooperation strategy in spectrum sharing game with imperfect information
Authors: Jia Yun , Zhang Zhongzhao , Tan Xuezhi , Liu Xin 
Published: October 2013

SummaryIn this paper, we study the spectrum sharing problem in the cognitive network where two secondary users coexist and interfere with each other in an unlicensed channel. Each user in our scenario is independent and is unaware of the characteristic of its rival but its statistics (imperfect information). An important issue is the interaction among selfish independent wireless communication systems (secondary users) who aim to maximize their own current utility. We provide a self‐enforcing spectrum sharing framework, which has the advantage of not requiring a control center or communicating between two users. The short‐term profits of users gained before cooperation being builded are asymmetrical. The long‐term profit is used as the user's utility. Users improve their long‐term profits by creating mutual cooperation actively. The historical action of the user is used by its rival to evaluate/update the current action. The action updating algorithm is provided. Moreover, we investigate the stability of the cooperation. As demonstrated, the proposed scheme can build mutual cooperation through extensive simulations. The existence of equilibrium is confirmed by the repeated game. And our scheme can achieve a good trade‐off between short‐term profits and long‐term profits. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impaired decline in renal threshold for glucose during pregnancy – a possible novel mechanism for gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Klein Pinchas , Polidori David , Twito Orit , Jaffe Anat 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe renal threshold for glucose (RTG) is determined by the nephron's reabsorptive capacity. Glucose is reabsorbed through sodium‐coupled glucose cotransporters in the proximal tubules. During pregnancy, renal glucose reabsorptive capacity decreases, possibly, due to reduced glucose transporter expression. Our hypothesis is that inadequate decrease in RTG during pregnancy will make women more prone to develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).MethodsPregnant women (n = 40) who were referred to our center for oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were included in the analysis. Plasma glucose levels and urinary glucose excretion were measured for 4 h after 100 g oral glucose load. These data were used to calculate RTG. The subjects were divided into two cohorts, GDM and non‐GDM, according to the OGTT results. Mean RTG was compared between the two groups.ResultsFifteen (37.5%) of the women were diagnosed with GDM. Seventeen participants had only trace amounts of urinary glucose excretion, and no value of RTG could be determined; RTG was determined in the other 23 subjects. Among these 23 women, 13 were diagnosed as GDM, and 10 had normal OGTT. RTG was lower in the non‐GDM women (146 ± 14 mg/dL) than in the GDM women (182 ± 18 mg/dL), p < 0.001.ConclusionsGestational diabetes mellitus is associated with higher RTG during pregnancy compared with non‐GDM. These results support our hypothesis that inadequate decrease of the RTG may have a pathophysiological role in the development of GDM. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dronabinol in severe, enduring anorexia nervosa: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Andries Alin , Frystyk Jan , Flyvbjerg Allan , Støving René Klinkby 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe evidence for pharmacological treatment of severe, longstanding anorexia nervosa (AN) is sparse and the few controlled pharmacologic studies have focused on a narrow range of drugs. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of treatment with a synthetic cannabinoid agonist on body weight and eating disorder‐related psychopathological personality traits in women with severe, enduring AN.MethodThis add‐on, prospective, randomized, double blind, controlled crossover study was conducted between 2008 and 2011 at a specialized care center for eating disorders. Twenty‐five women over 18 years with AN of at least 5 years duration were randomized to treatment with either dronabinol‐placebo or placebo‐dronabinol. In addition to the standardized baseline therapeutic regime, the participants received dronabinol, 2.5 mg twice daily for 4 weeks and matching placebo for 4 weeks, separated by a 4‐week wash‐out period. Primary outcome was the mean change in body weight. Secondary outcome was score changes on the Eating Disorder Inventory‐2 (EDI‐2). Data were analyzed for the 24 patients who completed the trial.ResultsDuring dronabinol treatment, participants gained 0.73 kg (t = 2.86, df = 22, p < 0.01) above placebo without significant psychotropic adverse events. Dronabinol significantly predicted weight gain in a multiple linear regression including EDI‐2 body dissatisfaction score and leptin. EDI‐2 subscale scores showed no significant changes over time.DiscussionDronabinol therapy was well tolerated. During four weeks of exposure it induced a small but significant weight gain in the absence of severe adverse events. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2014; 47:18–23)
Degradation of chemical alarm cues and assessment of risk throughout the day
Authors: Chivers Douglas P. , Dixson Danielle L. , White James R. , McCormick Mark I. , Ferrari Maud C. O. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe use of chemical information in assessment of predation risk is pervasive across animal taxa. However, by its very nature, chemical information can be temporally unreliable. Chemical cues persist for some period of time after they are released into the environment. Yet, we know surprisingly little about the rate of degradation of chemical cues under natural conditions and hence little about how they function in temporal risk assessment under natural conditions. Here, we conducted an experiment to identify a concentration of fresh alarm cues that evoke a strong antipredator response in coral reef damselfish,Pomacentrus ambonensis. We then tested the rate at which these alarm cues degraded under natural conditions in ocean water, paying attention to whether the rate of degradation varied throughout the day and whether the temporal pattern correlated with physicochemical factors that could influence the rate of degradation. Fresh alarm cues released into ocean water evoke strong avoidance responses in juvenile fish, while those aged for 30 min no longer evoke antipredator responses. Fish exposed to cues aged for 10 or 20 min show intermediate avoidance responses. We found a marked temporal pattern of response throughout the day, with much faster degradation in early to mid‐afternoon, the time of day when solar radiation, temperature, dissolved oxygen, andpHare nearing their peak. Ecologists have spent considerable effort elucidating the role of chemical information in mediating predator–prey interactions, yet we know almost nothing about the temporal dynamics of risk assessment using chemical information. We are in dire need of additional comparative field experiments on the rate of breakdown of chemical cues, particularly given that global change in UV radiation, temperature, and water chemistry could be altering the rates of degradation and the potential use of this information in risk assessment.
What remains from a 454 run: estimation of success rates of microsatellite loci development in selected newt species (Calotriton asper, Lissotriton helveticus, and Triturus cristatus) and comparison with Illumina‐based approaches
Authors: Drechsler Axel , Geller Daniel , Freund Katharina , Schmeller Dirk S. , Künzel Sven , Rupp Oliver , Loyau Adeline , Denoël Mathieu , Valbuena‐Ureña Emilio , Steinfartz Sebastian 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe development of microsatellite loci has become more efficient using next‐generation sequencing (NGS) approaches, and many studies imply that the amount of applicable loci is large. However, few studies have sought to quantify the number of loci that are retained for use out of the thousands of sequence reads initially obtained. We analyzed the success rate of microsatellite loci development for three amphibian species using a 454 NGS approach on tetra‐nucleotide motif‐enriched species‐specific libraries. The number of sequence reads obtained differed strongly between species and ranged from 19,562 for Triturus cristatus to 55,626 for Lissotriton helveticus, with 52,075 reads obtained for Calotriton asper. PHOBOS was used to identify sequences with tetra‐nucleotide repeat motifs with a minimum repeat number of ten and high quality primer binding sites. Of 107 sequences for T. cristatus, 316 for C. asper and 319 for L. helveticus, we tested the amplification success, polymorphism, and degree of heterozygosity for 41 primer combinations each for C. asper and T. cristatus, and 22 for L. helveticus. We found 11 polymorphic loci for T. cristatus, 20 loci for C. asper, and 15 loci for L. helveticus. Extrapolated, the number of potentially amplifiable loci (PALs) resulted in estimated species‐specific success rates of 0.15% (T. cristatus), 0.30% (C. asper), and 0.39% (L. helveticus). Compared with representative Illumina NGS approaches, our applied 454‐sequencing approach on specifically enriched sublibraries proved to be quite competitive in terms of success rates and number of finally applicable loci.
Context‐specific effects of the identity of detrital mixtures on invertebrate communities
Authors: Bishop Melanie J. , Kelaher Brendan P. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractMany aquatic ecosystems are sustained by detrital subsidies of leaf litter derived from exogenous sources. Although numerous studies have examined the effects of litter species richness and identity on decomposition processes, it remains unclear how these effects extend to associated invertebrate communities or how these effects vary spatially according to local environmental context. Using field enrichment experiments, we assessed how the species richness, assemblage composition, and supply of detrital litter resources interact to affect benthic communities of three temperate Australian estuarine mudflats. Our experiments utilized eight litter sources that are presently experiencing human‐mediated changes in their supply to estuarine mudflats. Contrary to predictions, we did not detect effects of the species richness of detrital mixtures on benthic communities. Macroinvertebrate community structure and, in particular, abundance were, instead, influenced by the assemblage composition of detrital mixtures. At two of the three sites, plots receiving the most labile detrital mix, containing the ephemeral algae Chaetomorpha and Ulva, supported the fewest macroinvertebrates of all the experimental enrichments. The large effect of detrital mix identity on macroinvertebrate communities is of concern given present trends of proliferation of macroalgae at the expense of more refractory seagrasses and marsh grasses. As such environmental degradation continues, it will be important to more fully understand under what environmental contexts such compositional changes in detrital resources will have the most detrimental effects on important prey resources for commercially important fish and wading shorebirds.
Synthesis, Characterization and Luminescence of Gold Complexes Bearing an NHC Ligand Based on the Imidazo[1,5‐a]quinolinol Scaffold
Authors: Kriechbaum Margit , Winterleitner Gerda , Gerisch Alexander , List Manuela , Monkowius Uwe 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWe report on the synthesis and characterization of an NHC ligand based on the imidazo[1,5‐a]quinolinol scaffold. The benzyl‐protected NHC precursor was used for the preparation of the corresponding AgI, AuI and AuIII complexes. The molecular structures of the AuI and AuIII halide complexes determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction reveal considerable distortion of the rigid NHC moiety due to steric repulsion between the gold and oxygen atoms. At ambient temperature, the complexes are weakly fluorescent from an intraligand excited state, whereas at 77 K the emission spectra are dominated by intraligand phosphorescence.