bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shifting wood between material and energy use: Modeling the effects of substitution
Authors: Boiger Theresa , Mair‐Bauernfeind Claudia , Asada Raphael , Stern Tobias 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWood as a renewable material is relevant for climate change mitigation: Carbon sequestration in forests and carbon storage in harvested wood products (HWPs) contribute to carbon reduction in the atmosphere, and the substitution of carbon‐intensive products with wood products can reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Since wood is a limited resource, it must be used efficiently and sustainably. Shifting wood from one application to another might result in decreased GHG emissions due to substitution effects. However, which wood application will lead to a GHG emission reduction is currently unknown. This study investigates the effects of shifting wood between applications and the resulting substitution effects from a system perspective. A system dynamics model describes the wood utilization system of Austria, including the value chains from the forest to wood‐processing industries and the substitution that takes place in these industries. These value chains are associated with the global warming potential. Seven wood utilization scenarios shifting between material use and use for energy are simulated. The results show that wood shifts lead to both a substitution effect (emission reduction) in industries where wood utilization is increased and a counter effect (emission increase) where wood is replaced. The two effects potentially outweigh each other partly, leading to comparatively small net effects. However, carbon sequestration in HWPs and future changes in substitution effects might lead to additional effects. To substantially contribute to climate change mitigation, alternatives other than shifting wood between material and energy value chains need to be found within the wood utilization system.
Does Dividend Policy Lead the Economy?
Authors: MAIO PAULO 
Published: July 2024

AbstractI investigate the predictive role of the aggregate dividend–payout ratio () for future economic activity. A vector‐autoregression‐based variance decomposition shows that the main driving force of is long‐run predictability of earnings growth, with dividend growth predictability assuming a secondary role. Consistent with this result, long‐horizon regressions indicate that is a significant predictor, especially at intermediate and long forecasting horizons, of future aggregate business conditions. Critically, outperforms several popular equity and bond predictors from the literature. The predictive ability of remains robust in an out‐of‐sample forecasting analysis. Overall, conveys important information about the economy.
SH‐SY5Y cells undergo changes in peroxisomal metabolism when exposed to decanoic acid
Authors: Baldwin Tomas , Clayton Peter , Rutherford Tricia , Heales Simon , Eaton Simon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMedium‐chain fatty acids (MCFAs), particularly decanoic acid (C10) and octanoic acid (C8), have garnered attention in recent years for their potential antiepileptic properties. A previous study from our laboratory demonstrated that C10 targets the PPARγ nuclear receptor, increasing the activity of the antioxidant enzyme catalase and thereby possibly modulating peroxisomal content. Here, we examined markers of peroxisomal content and activity in response to C10 and C8 exposure in neuronal‐like SH‐SY5Y cells. SH‐SY5Y were treated with 250 mM C10 or C8 for a period of 6 days. Following this, biochemical markers of peroxisomal content and function were assessed, including acyl‐coA oxidase activity, peroxisomal gene expression and peroxisomal VLCFA β‐oxidation. Our findings revealed that C10 treatment augments acyl‐CoA oxidase 1 (ACOx1) activity by 129% in comparison to control cells. An exploration into genes related to peroxisomal biosynthesis showed 23% increased expression of PEX11α upon C10 exposure, implying peroxisomal proliferation. Furthermore, it was observed that C10 exposure not only elevated ACOx1 activity but also enhanced peroxisomal β‐oxidation of docosanoic acid (C22). Our findings bolster the premise that C10 functions as a peroxisome proliferator, influencing peroxisomal content and function. Further investigations are required to fully understand the mechanistic details as to how this may be beneficial in epilepsy and the potential implications with regards to peroxisomal disease.image
‘LinkedIn, LinkedIn on the screen, who is the greatest and smartest ever seen?’: A machine learning approach using valid LinkedIn cues to predict narcissism and intelligence
Authors: Härtel Tobias M. , Schuler Benedikt A. , Back Mitja D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecruiters routinely use LinkedIn profiles to infer applicants' individual traits like narcissism and intelligence, two key traits in online network and organizational contexts. However, little is known about LinkedIn profiles' predictive potential to accurately infer individual traits. According to Brunswik's lens model, accurate trait inferences depend on (a) the presence of valid cues in LinkedIn profiles containing information about users' individual traits and (b) the sensitive and consistent utilization of valid cues. We assessed narcissism (self‐report) and intelligence (aptitude tests) in a sample of 406 LinkedIn users along with 64 LinkedIn cues (coded by three trained coders) that we derived from trait theory and previous empirical findings. We used a transparent, easy‐to‐interpret machine learning algorithm leveraging practical application potentials (elastic net) and applied state‐of‐the‐art resampling techniques (nested cross‐validation) to ensure robust results. Thereby, we uncover LinkedIn profiles' predictive potential: (a) LinkedIn profiles contain valid information about narcissism (e.g. uploading a background picture) and intelligence (e.g. listing many accomplishments), and (b) the elastic nets sensitively and consistently using these valid cues attain prediction accuracy (r = .35/.41 for narcissism/intelligence). The results have practical implications for improving recruiters' accuracy and foreshadow potentials and limitations of automated LinkedIn‐based assessments for selection purposes.
A Cross‐Sectional Nationwide Study of Australians' Health: Are There Differences in Health‐Related Behaviors and Psychological Distress Between Teachers and Other Occupations?
Authors: Corbett Lucy , Van Buskirk Joe , Phongsavan Philayrath , Bauman Adrian 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDTeachers' health behaviors and mental well‐being are important for their chronic disease risk and reducing burnout. This study investigates the health‐related behaviors and psychological distress of Australian teachers compared with other occupations.METHODSData from the nationally representative Australian National Health Survey (NHS) were analyzed. Employed adults (20‐64 years) from 2014/2015 (n = 8455), 2017/2018 (n = 9130), and 2020/2021 (n = 5753) survey waves were included. Logistic regression, adjusted for demographics, compared health‐related behaviors (eg, physical activity, diet), and psychological distress among teachers, nonteacher professionals (NTPs; eg, accountants, doctors), and other general occupations (eg, laborers, beauticians).RESULTSAfter adjusting for demographics and survey wave, teachers had similar odds as NTPs for meeting physical activity (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.90‐1.41), vegetable intake (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.52‐1.00), and alcohol consumption (OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.83‐1.22) guidelines. However, teachers exhibited higher psychological distress (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.01‐1.75). Elevated psychological distress levels were observed in all groups in 2020/2021, compared with pre‐COVID‐19.CONCLUSIONSCompared with NTPs, teachers showed similar or better health‐related behaviors, although teachers had higher levels of psychological distress. School executives and policymakers need to implement sustainable measures to prioritise teachers' mental wellbeing.
A novel model of care for paediatric patients with developmental disabilities and associated behaviours of concern
Authors: Efron Daryl , Fowler James , Cull Emily , Noakes Kirsten , Wilkin Claire , Haslam Ric 
Published: July 2024

AimChildren and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and/or intellectual disability often present to emergency departments with behaviours of concern: irritability, aggression and self‐injurious behaviour. The objective of this study was to design, implement and evaluate a new model of care to support these patients and their families following presentation to reduce the need for re‐presentation.MethodsWe designed and evaluated a new model of care for these patients, comprising consultations with a developmental paediatrician and a child psychiatrist, referral to a specialist behavioural service and 6 weeks of care coordination by a clinical nurse consultant. Using a quality improvement framework, iterative improvements were made to the model via a series of plan–do–study–act cycles. Re‐presentation rates were compared with a control group of patients who presented with behaviours of concern but were not recruited into the study. Participating families and treating clinicians were surveyed at 2 and 6 weeks post‐enrolment to gather qualitative feedback about their experience of the model.ResultsA total of 31 families participated in the study. Three‐ and 6‐month re‐presentation rates were 48.7% and 36.3% lower than the control group. Qualitative evaluation of the model by both families and clinicians was positive. The model was feasible and acceptable. Families reported feeling heard and understood, and that the intervention was helpful and provided a positive path forwards.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that a simple model of care can be successfully implemented and provide meaningful benefits for families of children with behaviours of concern, including reduced crisis‐oriented help‐seeking.
Unveiling wheat rust epidemics: A long‐term surveillance study in Ethiopia's North Western Amhara region
Authors: Mekonnen Mequanint Andualem , Emirie Gebremariam Asaye , Mekonnen Melkamu Birhanie , Alemayehu Yoseph , Baye Ashebir , Mihiretie Aderajew , Bacha Netsanet , Gutu Kitesa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWheat is one of the most significant food security crops in Ethiopia. However, the production and productivity of wheat is far below its potential due to many challenges. Wheat disease epidemics, typified by wheat rusts, are among the most important challenges, causing large‐scale production losses that put farmers’ income and food security at risk. We analysed and presented the long‐term and comprehensive wheat rust surveillance results to better understand the past rust disease occurrences, ultimately contributing to future wheat production and rust control strategies. A total of 1140 wheat fields have been surveyed from 2009 to 2021 throughout four administrative zones of the North Western Amhara region. We identified spatial and temporal trends in the distribution and status of wheat stem rust (Sr), yellow rust (Yr) and leaf rust (Lr) using a combination of different statistical tools and data‐analysis methods. The results of the study indicated that 52.5%, 11.3% and 3.4% of the wheat fields were infected with yellow, stem and leaf rust, respectively. Even so, the distribution and intensity of wheat rust disease vary across locations, elevations and cultivated varieties. The associations between altitude and disease prevalence show a linear correlation. We also identified hotspots of yellow and stem rust, which will be used by the country's wheat rust disease early warning system. In order to reverse low varietal diversification in the farmer's field, it is necessary to work with all stakeholders involved in the wheat production sector in a better synergy.
Experiences of adolescents affected by earthquakes: A qualitative study
Authors: Başkale Hatice , Solmaz Perihan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeThe aim of the study is to explore the experiences of adolescents affected by the earthquake.Design and MethodsThis study was carried out in a descriptive phenomenological design, which is a qualitative research method. This research was conducted as a qualitative investigation utilizing a phenomenological approach to explore the experiences of 12 adolescents through the purposeful snowball sampling method. The interviews were conducted with adolescents who affected by the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes in a city located in the west of the country, between March 18, 2023 and June 30, 2023. Semistructured interviews were employed, and the data underwent inductive content analysis. COREQ reporting guidelines were used.ResultsThe participants in this study vividly recounted experiencing intense fear and panic during the earthquake. Subsequent challenges emerged from the lack of coordination in aid efforts, struggles to secure shelter and necessities, and the profound loss of relatives. These adversities posed considerable physical and psychological challenges. Notably, the adolescents' ability to reflect on their past lives and reshape their perspectives proved instrumental in facilitating their adaptation to a new life. However, witnessing the demise of loved ones, grappling with the fear of death and loss, and incessantly discussing the earthquake hindered their adjustment.Practice ImplicationsWe found that adolescents experienced the quakes in three phases: in the moment, postquake, and adaptation to new life. The first theme underscores the limitations of current effectiveness of quake training. This finding has important implications for policy to better prepare the adolescent population for quake disasters. The second theme reveals that the communication and coordination problems experienced after the earthquake enable the weaknesses of the system to be noticed and political steps should be taken in this direction. The third theme focuses on the factors that increase or decrease the psychosocial adaptation of adolescents who have experienced this traumatic experience to the new life. This provides important clues to improve and support adolescent health.
High disease burden and healthcare resource usage in patients with acute porphyria—A population‐based analysis
Authors: Stölzel Ulrich , Ambrosius Bjoern , Brun Sarah , Tacke Frank 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsAcute porphyria is a chronic recurrent disease with late diagnosis, heterogeneous clinical presentations and potentially devastating complications. The study aimed at providing real‐world evidence on the natural course of acute porphyria, patient characteristics, disease burden, and healthcare utilization before diagnosis.MethodsThis observational study used anonymized claims data covering 8 365 867 persons from German statutory health insurance, spanning 6 years (2015–2020). Patients with at least one diagnosis of acute porphyria during the index period (2019–2020) were classified into three groups by attack frequency. These findings were compared with two age‐ and sex‐adjusted reference groups: the general population and fibromyalgia patients. Prevalence over the index period was calculated for all porphyria patients and those with active acute porphyria.ResultsWe revealed a prevalence of 79.8 per 1 000 000 for acute porphyria, with 12.9 per 1 000 000 being active cases. Acute porphyria patients, particularly with frequent attacks, demonstrated a higher comorbidity burden compared to the general population. Within the year before the recorded diagnosis, patients with acute porphyria required a median of 23.0 physician visits, significantly higher than the general population's 16.0. Additionally, 33.8% were hospitalized at least once during this period, a notably higher proportion than the general population (19.3%).ConclusionsThis study's findings, collected before the introduction of givosiran, as the first approved preventive therapy for acute porphyria in Europe, highlight the need for healthcare strategies and policies tailored to the complex needs of acute porphyria patients. The significant healthcare demands, heightened comorbidity burden, and increased healthcare system utilization emphasize the urgency of developing a comprehensive support infrastructure for these patients. Also, these acute porphyria real‐world findings provide additional insights on disease characteristics in Germany.
Determinants of moderate‐to‐high physical activity levels in hemodialysis patients: A multicenter cross‐sectional study
Authors: Chiang Shang‐Lin , Lai Chia‐Ying , Lee Yi‐Ling , Hsu Pi‐Hsiu , Hsu Yu‐Juei , Chao Ta‐Chung , Lee Meei‐Shyuan , Lin Chueh‐Ho , Lin Chia‐Huei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractModerate physical activity is related to reduced mortality in hemodialysis patients. However, most hemodialysis patients have low physical activity levels for complex reasons. This study investigated the determinants of moderate‐to‐high physical activity levels and whether psychosocial correlates are associated with engagement in moderate‐to‐high physical activity among hemodialysis patients. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted with 134 hemodialysis outpatients, aged 64.7 years, in three hemodialysis centers in Taiwan. Data on sociodemographics, comorbidities, lifestyles, and psychosocial correlates, including perceived benefits, barriers, and self‐efficacy of physical activity, were collected. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. Results showed that patients with moderate‐to‐high physical activity levels constituted a significantly lower proportion of current smokers and had fewer perceived physical activity barriers and higher self‐efficacy of physical activity compared with those with low levels. After adjusting for potential sociodemographic covariates, current employment, nonsmoking status, and high self‐efficacy of physical activity were significantly associated with moderate‐to‐high physical activity levels. Developing strategies to improve the self‐efficacy of physical activity, support employment, and enhance anti‐smoking campaigns in hemodialysis patients can help them engage in moderate‐to‐high levels of physical activity.
The Demography of Crisis‐Driven Outflows from Venezuela
Authors: Garcia Arias Jenny 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Venezuelan exodus represents the largest known displacement of people in recent Latin American history. The regional crisis caused by this mass Venezuelan migration drove the development of multiple interagency initiatives (such as the R4V platform) as well as academic attempts to keep track of outflow intensity. However, little is known about the age and gender composition of the emigrants since most existing literature to date has focused primarily on total volume and country‐specific shares of migration outflows. This study examines the demographics of recent outflows from Venezuela, the chronology of associated changes, and the demographic implications for those remaining in the country. Official counts of Venezuelan‐born populations compiled in seven main destinations are used to estimate annual outflows by age and gender from 2011 to 2021. Changes in the demographic composition of emigration are traced using parameters of the Rogers–Castro model, specifically the children‐to‐labor force dominance, and by decomposing the age contributions to the annual gross migraproduction rate. In the early phase of the crisis (2014–2017), emigration flows had high child dependency ratios. As the crisis entered its most acute phase (peaking in 2019), the mean age of migrants increased. Outward migration has resulted in the current Venezuelan population having 20 percent fewer women of reproductive age and 17.8 percent fewer individuals of working age. Consequently, the share of the population aged 60 or older has increased.
Tolerance of peanuts and tree nuts in Spanish children with exclusive sensitization to lipid transfer proteins
Authors: De Agrela‐Mendes Isamar , Pedrosa María , Gómez‐Traseira Carmen , Phillips‐Anglés Elsa , Rodríguez‐Álvarez Mónica , Quirce Santiago 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAllergy to peanuts and tree nuts is a common cause of food allergy in Spain, with lipid transfer proteins (LTP) being the most frequently recognized panallergen. LTP sensitization often leads to multiple food group sensitivities, resulting in overly restrictive diets that hinder patient's quality of life. This study aimed to assess the tolerance of peanuts and tree nuts (hazelnuts and walnuts) in children sensitized to LTP, potentially mitigating the need for such diets.MethodsThis prospective study enrolled individuals diagnosed with allergy to peanuts, hazelnuts, or walnuts. Data were collected from medical records, including demographics and clinical history. Allergological assessment comprised skin prick tests using commercial extracts and the nuts in question, alongside measurements of total and specific IgE to nuts and their primary molecular components. Participants showing positive LTP sensitization without sensitization to seed storage proteins underwent open oral nut challenges.ResultsA total of 75 individuals labeled as allergic to peanuts, 44 to hazelnuts, and 51 to walnuts were included. All of them underwent an open oral provocation test with the incriminated nut, showing a high tolerance rate. Peanut was tolerated by 98.6% of patients, 97.72% tolerated hazelnut, and 84.3% tolerated walnut.ConclusionThe findings suggest that the majority of patients allergic to peanuts, hazelnuts, or walnuts, due to LTP sensitization and lacking IgE reactivity to seed storage proteins, can tolerate these nuts. This supports the need for personalized nut tolerance assessments to avoid unnecessary dietary restrictions.
Enhanced efficacy of glycoengineered rice cell‐produced trastuzumab
Authors: Shin Jun‐Hye , Oh Sera , Jang Mi‐Hwa , Lee Seok‐Yong , Min Chanhong , Eu Young‐Jae , Begum Hilal , Kim Jong‐Chan , Lee Gap Ryol , Oh Han‐Bin , Paul Matthew J. , Ma Julian K.‐C. , Gwak Ho‐Shin , Youn Hyewon , Kim Seong‐Ryong 
Published: July 2024

SummaryFor several decades, a plant‐based expression system has been proposed as an alternative platform for the production of biopharmaceuticals including therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), but the immunogenicity concerns associated with plant‐specific N‐glycans attached in plant‐based biopharmaceuticals has not been completely solved. To eliminate all plant‐specific N‐glycan structure, eight genes involved in plant‐specific N‐glycosylation were mutated in rice (Oryza sativa) using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The glycoengineered cell lines, PhytoRice®, contained a predominant GnGn (G0) glycoform. The gene for codon‐optimized trastuzumab (TMab) was then introduced into PhytoRice® through Agrobacterium co‐cultivation. Selected cell lines were suspension cultured, and TMab secreted from cells was purified from the cultured media. The amino acid sequence of the TMab produced by PhytoRice® (P‐TMab) was identical to that of TMab. The inhibitory effect of P‐TMab on the proliferation of the BT‐474 cancer cell line was significantly enhanced at concentrations above 1 μg/mL (****P < 0.0001). P‐TMab bound to a FcγRIIIa variant, FcγRIIIa‐F158, more than 2.7 times more effectively than TMab. The ADCC efficacy of P‐TMab against Jurkat cells was 2.6 times higher than that of TMab in an in vitro ADCC assay. Furthermore, P‐TMab demonstrated efficient tumour uptake with less liver uptake compared to TMab in a xenograft assay using the BT‐474 mouse model. These results suggest that the glycoengineered PhytoRice® could be an alternative platform for mAb production compared to current CHO cells, and P‐TMab has a novel and enhanced efficacy compared to TMab.