bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermo-Economic and Environmental Assessment of a Novel SOFC-Based Hybrid Energy Generation System for Combined Cooling Heating and Power Generation
Authors: Khan Yunis , Singh Pawan Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The world's energy demand is increasing day by day due to industrial development and population growth. As a result, creating an effective energy-generation system is essential. In this work, a conventional hybrid solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)-gas turbine (GT) system is equipped with an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and a vapor absorption refrigeration system (VARS) for combined cooling, heating, and power production applications. The proposed hybrid trigeneration plant's performances were evaluated based on the energetic, exergetic, economic, and environmental points of view using computational techniques by engineering equation solver software. Additionally, working fluid selection was also performed along with parametric analysis of the proposed hybrid trigeneration plant. The outcomes reveal that the energy, exergy efficiency, network output, and cost rate of the proposed hybrid trigeneration plant (SOFC-GT-ORC-VARS) were enhanced by 39.83%, 9.21%, 7.85%, and 10.81%, respectively, as compared to the conventional SOFC-GT system; however, CO2 emission per MWh of energy output was reduced by 28.48%. Furthermore, cooling effect and heating effect from the proposed hybrid trigeneration system were observed as 53.14 kW and 123.20 kW, respectively. R1233zd(E) and R290 were observed as the thermodynamically and economically best-performing working fluids, respectively, among other tested fluids. Parametric analysis revealed that SOFC parameters highly affected the system's performance. Overall, it was concluded that the proposed hybrid plant performance is far better than the conventional SOFC-GT system.
Influence of the System Downtime Cost Rate on the Performance and Robustness of Periodic Inspection and Replacement and Quantitative Inspection and Replacement Maintenance Strategies Using Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Cheikh Khamiss , Boudi EL Mostapha , Rabi Rabi , Mokhliss Hamza 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This essay analyzes the crucial role of maintenance in production and service-oriented enterprises, highlighting the necessity for integrated viewpoints in contemporary corporate management. Focusing on time-based maintenance (TBM) and condition-based maintenance (CBM) techniques, the study provides a novel criteria and applies Monte Carlo simulation for assessment. The purpose is to discover ideal values for the system downtime cost rate, establishing a balance between performance and resilience. The organized parts include deterioration and failure models, maintenance assumptions, and cost models, finishing with a summary of noteworthy results and recommendations for further investigations. The study brings significant insights into the subject of maintenance strategies and analyzes the influence of the system downtime cost rate on the performance and robustness of condition-based maintenance strategies for a system with more or less stable behavior.
A Numerical Investigation on the Sinkage of the Deep-Sea Mining Vehicle Based on a Modified Constitutive Soil Model
Authors: Sun Pengfei , Lu Haining , Yang Jianmin , Xu Zhiyong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The seabed soil of the polymetallic nodule mining area is relatively thin, soft, and fluid, which will produce large deformation under external disturbance. Its undrained shear strength is related to strain-rate and strain-softening effect. It is an important engineering safety problem for the deep-sea mining vehicle (DSMV) to travel in the soft seabed, and its sinkage is a vital index affecting the traction performance. It is necessary to study the sinkage performance of the DSMV under the characteristics of large soil deformation, but there are only few existing studies. This study established a numerical model of seabed soft soil with Tresca constitutive considering strain-rate and strain-softening effects. First, a numerical simulation study was carried out on the interaction between the DSMV track plate and the seabed soil, and the influence of track plate structures on the pressure–sinkage characteristic was obtained. Then, a simplified three-dimensional model of the “PIONEER-I” DSMV was established. Under the condition of wet weight and initial vertical velocity, the influence of different initial bottoming velocities, weight, and soil parameters on the sinkage of the DSMV was obtained. An empirical prediction model of the DSMV sinkage was established based on the energy method and numerical calculation results.
Intensity Matters: Effect of Different Work-Matched Efforts on Subsequent Performance in Cyclists
Authors: Barranco-Gil David , Alejo Lidia B. , Revuelta Carlos , de Paz Sabbas , Ibañez María , Lucia Alejandro , Valenzuela Pedro L. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose: To assess the effect of 2 work-matched efforts of different intensities on subsequent performance in well-trained cyclists. Methods: The present study followed a randomized controlled crossover design. Twelve competitive junior cyclists volunteered to participate (age, 17 [1] y; maximum oxygen uptake, 71.0 [4.7] mL·kg−1·min−1). The power–duration relationship was assessed through 2-minute, 5-minute, and 12-minute field tests under fresh conditions (control). On subsequent days and following a randomized order, participants repeated the aforementioned tests after 2 training sessions matched for mechanical work (∼15 kJ/kg) of different intensities (ie, a moderate-intensity continuous-training [60%–70% of critical power; CP] session or a session including high-intensity intervals [3-min repetition bouts at 110%–120% of the CP interspersed by 3-min rest periods]). Results: A significantly lower power output was found in the 2-minute test after the high-intensity training session compared not only with the control condition (−8%, P < .001) but also with the moderate-intensity continuous-training session (−7%, P = .003), with no significant differences between the latter conditions. No significant differences between conditions were found for the remaining tests. As a consequence, the high-intensity training session resulted in significantly lower W′ values compared to both the control condition (−27%, P = .001) and the moderate-intensity continuous-training session (−26%, P = .012), with no differences between the 2 latter conditions and with no differences for CP. Conclusion: A session including high-intensity intermittent efforts induces a greater fatigue, particularly in short-duration efforts and W′, than a work-matched continuous-training session of moderate intensity.
Racing Demands for Winning a Grand Tour: Differences and Similarities Between a Female and a Male Winner
Authors: Lamberts Robert P. , van Vleuten Annemiek , Dumoulin Tom , Delahaije Louis , van Erp Teun 
Published: July 2024

Purpose: To describe and compare the race characteristics, demands, and durability profile of a male and a female Grand Tour winner. Methods: Overall and stage-type-specific (ie, time trials, flat, semimountainous, and mountain) demands and race characteristics during 2 Grand Tours were determined and compared between the female and male cyclists. In addition, relative power output distribution and pacing, percentage of functional threshold power (FTP), and changes in maximal mean power outputs (MMPs) with increasing levels of kilojoules burned were determined. Results: Although many differences were found between course and absolute racing demands between the male (FTP: 413 W; critical power: 417 W) and female (FTP: 297 W; critical power: 297 W) cyclists, similar power distributions and pacing strategies were found if data were expressed relatively. However, the female cyclist rode a higher percentage of her FTP during the first 2 quarters of flat stages (14.7%–15.1%) and the last quarter of mountain stages (9.8%) than the male cyclist. Decrements in MMPs were only observed after burning 30 kJ·kg−1 in the female and 45 kJ·kg−1 in the male Grand Tour winner. Conclusions: Both the male and female Grand Tour winners produced very high 20- to 60-minute MMPs, whereas decrements in MMPs were only observed after having burned 75% (female) and 80% (male) of total kilojoules burned during a stage. These are the latest and lowest in MMPs reported in the scientific literature and highlight the importance of durability in combination with excellent climbing and time-trial skills, which are needed to be able to win a Grand Tour.
Effect of Simultaneous Intervention in Kindergarten and Home to Improve Ball Skills
Authors: Watanabe Masashi , Aoyagi Naoko , Kaminaga Naomi 
Published: July 2024

This study examines the effectiveness of a simultaneous intervention in kindergarten and home to improve ball skills in children. Two kindergartens in Ibaraki, Japan, were divided into intervention (N = 98, mean age = 5.5 [0.6] years) and control groups (N = 88, mean age = 5.6 [0.6] years). The intervention was for 4 weeks. Parents received emails with video URLs for four ball activities once a week, and they undertook the activities introduced in the video at home with their children. Before the intervention, a 60-min workshop was held for kindergarten teachers. Ball skills (distance thrown and percentage of ball catches) were assessed pre- and postintervention. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis were used to compare the groups and explore the factors related to the improvement of ball skills. As a result, although throwing skills did not change significantly in both groups, there was an increase in the frequency of ball activity at home and perceived change of batting skills, both of which were associated with postthrowing skills. Catching skills improved significantly only in the intervention group; however, no significant factors related to the improvement of these skills were found. Our study demonstrates that simultaneous intervention in kindergarten and home may contribute to improve catching skills over a short period of time.
Global Physical Activity, Active Commuting to School, and Sedentary Behavior Among Latin American Adolescents: Global School-Based Student Health Survey and the National School Health Survey
Authors: da Silva Juliana Ilídio , de Souza Andrade Amanda Cristina , Muraro Ana Paula 
Published: July 2024

Background: This study aimed to compare the overall prevalence, stratified by sex and age group of global physical activity (GPA), active commuting to school (ACS), and sedentary behavior (SB) among adolescents from ten Latin American countries, and to assess the correlation of Development Index with the indicators. Methods: This research is grounded on data from the Global School-Based Student Health Survey (2009–2015) and the 2015 Brazilian National School Health Survey. The prevalence and 95% confidence intervals for GPA (≥5 d/wk), ACS (≥1 d/wk), and SB (>2 h/d) were calculated using the chi-square test to compare the sexes (male; female) and age group (≤13 y; 14 y; 15 y; ≥16 y). We also performed Pearson correlation analysis with the Human Development Index. Results: The prevalence of indicators ranged from 16.1% to 28.2% for GPA, from 56.7% to 71.2% for ACS, and from 20.7% to 62.6% for SB. Boys generally had a higher prevalence of GPA and ACS, and girls had a higher prevalence of SB. The prevalence of the indicators by age group varied between countries, with significant differences observed in some, depending on each indicator. A positive correlation was observed between Human Development Index, GPA, and SB. Conclusion: Health promotion policies must include guidelines that encourage and promote a more active and less sedentary lifestyle among young people in Latin America, considering specific groups, the local socioeconomic context, and differences between countries.
Videographic Variability of Triple and Quintuple Horizontal Hop Performance
Authors: Sharp Anthony P. , Neville Jonathon , Diewald Shelley N. , Oranchuk Dustin J. , Cronin John B. 
Published: July 2024

Context: Horizontal hops can provide insight into how athletes can tolerate high-intensity single-leg stretch loads and are commonly used in athlete monitoring and injury management. Variables like flight, contact, and total time provide valuable diagnostic information to sports science professionals. However, gold-standard assessment tools (eg, 3-dimensional motion capture, force plates) require monetary and technological resources. Therefore, we used a tablet and free software to determine the between-rater, within-rater, and test–retest variability of the temporal events of multiple horizontal hop tests. Design: Reliability study. Methods: Nine healthy males (20.8 [1.3] y, 71.4 [9.8] kg, 171.7 [4.5] cm) across various university sports teams and clubs volunteered and performed several triple (3-Hop) and quintuple (5-Hop) horizontal hops over 3 testing sessions. Six raters detected temporal events from video to determine between-rater variability, while a single rater quantified within-session and test–retest variability. The temporal variables of flight time, ground contact time for each individual hop, and the total time of each hoping series were determined. The consistency of measures was interpreted using the coefficient of variation and interclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Results: Good to excellent between-rater consistency was observed for all hops (ICC = .85–1.00). Absolute (coefficient of variation ≤ 2.0%) and relative consistency (ICC = .98–1.00) was excellent. Test–retest variability showed acceptable levels of absolute consistency (coefficient of variation ≤ 8.7%) and good to excellent consistency in 10/16 variables (ICC = .81–.93), especially those later in the hopping cycle. Conclusions: A tablet and free digitizing software are reliable in detecting temporal events during multiple horizontal hops, which could have exciting implications for power diagnostics and return-to-play decisions. Therefore, rehabilitation and performance professionals can confidently utilize the highly accessible equipment from this study to track multiple hop performances.
High School Girls’ Volleyball Athletes’ Self-Reported Management of Pain, Intentions to Report Overuse Injuries, and Intentions to Adhere to Medical Advice for Treating Overuse Injuries
Authors: Biese Kevin M. , Godejohn Abigail , Ament Kamille , Luedke Lace , Schmidt W. Daniel , Wallace Brian , Sipes Robert C. 
Published: July 2024

Context: Girls’ high school volleyball is a popular sport with a high rate of overuse injuries and sport specialization. Health professionals perceive that high school athletes are reluctant to follow treatment plans involving sport activity reduction. This study’s purpose was to describe high school girls’ volleyball athletes’ self-reported shoulder and knee pain, the likelihood of adhering to medical advice, and the association of factors that influence the likelihood of reporting overuse injuries and sport specialization. Study Design: Cross-sectional. Methods: Participants completed an online survey (demographics, sport participation measures, shoulder and knee pain information, medical adherence likelihood [4-point Likert: not at all likely to extremely likely], and factors influencing overuse injury reporting intentions). A 2 × 2 chi-square analysis compared factors that influence athletes’ intentions to “not report an overuse injury” (eg, I thought my coach would get mad; yes/no) and sport specialization (nonhighly specialized/highly specialized athletes). Results: There were 150 participants (highly specialized = 56%, grade: ninth = 33%, 10th = 28%, 11th = 22%, 12th = 17%). At least 60% reported shoulder and knee pain related to an overuse mechanism. Most reportedly did not seek rehabilitation led by a medical provider (shoulder pain = 66%, knee pain = 60%). Only 11% of athletes reported they were “extremely likely” to rest from sporting activity during the regular season if advised by a medical professional. Highly specialized athletes were more likely to report the pursuit of a college scholarship as a factor that influences their intention to report an overuse injury compared to nonhighly specialized athletes (13% vs 3%, respectively, P = .04). Conclusions: Most girls’ volleyball athletes did not treat their pain with guided rehabilitation, which may increase their risk of a worse overuse injury or even acute injury. Clinicians, athletes, parents, and coaches need to work together to create a sport culture that empowers athletes to discuss their pain and overuse injuries with medical professionals.
Initial Validation of the Teaching Methods Scale in Physical Education
Authors: Leo Francisco M. , Moreno Alberto , Llanos-Muñoz Rubén , Pulido Juan J. , López-Gajardo Miguel A. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose: Drawing on current theoretical perspectives on teaching methods (i.e., constructivism, cognitivism, or behaviorism), the present research developed a scale to assess students’ perceptions of teaching methods in physical education. Method: Four studies were conducted to design and analyze the psychometric properties of this scale: (a) to create the scale through a think-aloud protocol (n = 4) and an expert panel (n = 4), (b) to test the initial factor structure (nStudy 2 = 465), (c) to reevaluate the psychometric structure with an expert panel and a cross-sectional study (nStudy 3 = 1,420), and (d) to confirm the scale structure and test concurrent validity and factorial invariance (nStudy 4 = 1,208). Results: These conjoint efforts identified a four-factor structure underlying the teaching methods in physical education (constructivist, cognitivist, behaviorist, and laissez-faire methods) and provided preliminary evidence for its validity and reliability. Conclusion: The teaching methods in physical education enables researchers to systematically examine students’ perceptions of teaching methods in the PE class.
Listening to the Body in Physical Education and Sport
Authors: Dania Aspasia , Lorenz Laura 
Published: July 2024

Purpose: Within physical education (PE) and sport, the body is constituted by ideas and discourses that legitimize certain forms of truth about image, health, and competence. This study used the Listening Guide method to explore voices in undergraduate students’ experiences of the body in relation to dominant PE and sport discourses. Method: Participants were four undergraduate third-year students (2 male, 2 female, aged 20–25 years) attending a 4-year 240 European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System Bachelor program in PE and sport science. Interviews were analyzed using a Foucauldian perspective on the working of discourses and power, via the four steps of the Listening Guide. Results: We identified joy of life (body as nature) and guiding (living norms) voices when participants referred to PE and struggle (body as machine) and questioning (functionality norms) voices when they talked about sport. Discussion/Conclusion: Voices spoke while moving between a “pull to train” paradigm and a “push back and think” perspective, aligning with the discursive logic of participants’ social context. This discursive logic transmitted ways of constituting knowledge about the body, together with social practices, or forms of subjectivity that perpetuated dominant understandings. We propose that the Listening Guide method can peel away layers of consciousness related to dominant discourses in PE and sport.
Phase Angle and Body Composition as Predictors of Fitness and Athletic Performance in Adolescent Boxers
Authors: Ayala-Guzmán César Iván , Ortiz-Hernandez Luis , Escudero Malpica Cristian , Macias Rosas Alejandro , Castro Avila Jesus Ivan 
Published: July 2024

Background: Phase angle (PhA) is an indicator of cellular health, function, and integrity. PhA has been considered an indicator of nutritional and health status, but it is uncertain whether it could be used as a fitness or athletic performance indicator. Objective: To analyze the relationship between PhA and the fitness and athletic performance of adolescent boxers and to know whether this association is independent of body composition. Methods: Thirty-seven trained youth boxers (15–18 y old) participated in the study. Participants underwent anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance assessments. The following tests were conducted: Fitness-Gram battery; speed, agility, and quickness; ball throws; punch impact force; bench press maximal strength; and vertical and horizontal jumps. Linear regression models were estimated and adjusted by covariates. Results: The PhA was related to upper-limb strength. Nevertheless, in linear regression models, after adjusting models by body composition, only PhA remained as a predictor of relative maximal strength. The PhA was not a predictor of speed, agility, and quickness; cardiorespiratory fitness; or lower-limb power, in which adiposity was the main predictor of fitness. Conclusions: In adolescent boxers, PhA can predict upper-limb maximal strength independently of bioelectrical impedance analysis premises. However, compared with mucle mass, PhA is not a better predictor of upper-limb maximal strength.