bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of microsatellite markers for the endangered medicinal plant Launaea arborescens (Asteraceae)
Authors: Li Chun , Chen Jun‐Lin , Sun Ye , Wang Fa‐Guo , Xing Fu‐Wu 
Published: November 2012

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite loci were developed in Launaea arborescens, an endangered and medicinal Asteraceae species in North Africa, for further investigation of its conservation genetics.• Methods and Results: We isolated and characterized 10 polymorphic and nine monomorphic microsatellite loci from L. arborescens using the protocol of Fast Isolation by AFLP of Sequences COntaining repeats (FIASCO). For the 10 polymorphic loci, the number of alleles detected per locus varied from two to six, and the observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.000 to 0.833 and 0.059 to 0.713, respectively.• Conclusions: The polymorphic markers provide a useful tool for conservation genetics studies of L. arborescens, including analysis of mating system, estimating gene flow, and identifying discrete genetic units within the species.
Development and characterization of 109 polymorphic EST‐SSRs derived from the Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra, Myricaceae) transcriptome
Authors: Zhang Shao‐Yang , Li Xian , Feng Chao , Zhu Chang‐Qing , Grierson Donald , Xu Chang‐Jie , Chen Kun‐Song 
Published: November 2012

• Premise of the study: In Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra), the available simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are insufficient to meet the developing demand for genetic and molecular breeding research. This study was aimed at developing a large number of polymorphic expressed sequence tag (EST)–SSRs from the transcriptome of Chinese bayberry.• Methods and Results: Five hundred ninety‐four compound EST‐SSRs and 5557 noncompound ones were identified from 41239 unigene sequences generated from the transcriptome of M. rubra cv. Biqi. Using 10 Chinese bayberry cultivars, 109 polymorphic EST‐SSRs were screened from 412 selected. In total, they generated 389 alleles, with a polymorphism ratio of 93.8%. In addition, it was observed that the polymorphism levels of compound EST‐SSRs were somewhat lower than those of noncompound ones.• Conclusions: The 109 polymorphic EST‐SSRs developed from the Chinese bayberry transcriptome should greatly promote the development of genetic and molecular breeding studies in this as well as other Myricaceae species.
Identification and characterization of 43 novel polymorphic EST‐SSR markers for arum lily,Zantedeschia aethiopica(Araceae)
Authors: Wei Zun‐Zheng , Luo Lai‐Bo , Zhang Hua‐Li , Xiong Min , Wang Xian , Di Zhou  
Published: November 2012

•Premise of the study:A new set of microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) was developed for arum lily (Zantedeschia aethiopica), which is one of the most iconic and widely recognized ornamental plants in the world.•Methods and Results:Using 2175 unigenes derived from 4283 random ESTs in arum lily, 166 primer pairs were designed and tested for amplification in 24 accessions from Asia, Europe, and Africa. A total of 43 loci were polymorphic, with the number of alleles per locus ranging from two to 10. The observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity, and polymorphism information content ranged from 0.2313 to 0.8480, 0.3034 to 0.8648, and 0.1015 to 0.7364, respectively.•Conclusions:These novel polymorphic EST‐SSR markers will facilitate future studies of genetic variation and molecular‐assisted breeding systems in arum lily.
Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellites in Iris ensata (Iridaceae)
Authors: Xiao Yue‐E , Hu Yong‐Hong , Liu Min , Chen Xiao‐Yong 
Published: November 2012

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite primers were developed in Iris ensata (Iridaceae) to provide polymorphic markers for further studies into population genetics.• Methods and Results: Thirteen polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated from I. ensata. These loci were successfully amplified in two natural populations of I. ensata from eastern China (Longwangshan, Zhejiang Province) and northeastern China (Jinchuan, Jilin Province). There was no significant linkage disequilibrium found for any pair of loci. These loci contained between two and 12 alleles per locus across all 48 individuals of I. ensata. The number of alleles per locus varied from two to 10 at the population level and the observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.167 to 0.958 and from 0.284 to 0.853, respectively.• Conclusions: These loci showed high levels of polymorphism and could be used to study the population genetic structure, genetic relationships, and phylogeography of I. ensata.
Réflexions sur les psychothérapies psychanalytiques de groupe en hôpital psychiatrique
Authors: Weil Martine 
Published: November 2012

Lorsqu’une institution psychiatrique demande à un de ses membres, psychanalyste de groupe, de créer un groupe de psychothérapie (psychodrame ou groupe de parole), il est pensé par tous qu’un tel groupe peut être inclus totalement dans le dispositif institutionnel, au même titre que les activités de groupe habituelles. La particularité de ce groupe éveillera vite méfiance et ambivalence. Le psychothérapeute devra élaborer un dispositif groupal et une écoute spécifique des sujets vivant en institution hospitalière ; il aura, en outre, à élaborer une réflexion sur un dispositif de travail avec les équipes soignantes afin de permettre l’élaboration et l’acceptation de tels groupes afin que leur intérêt puisse être préservé.
Groupe soignants-adolescents : un espace scénique au pouvoir transformationnel
Authors: Matha Catherine 
Published: November 2012

L’article présente un dispositif de groupe au sein d’une unité d’hospitalisation d’adolescents qui réunit de manière hebdomadaire équipe soignante et adolescents, dans une perspective d’écoute groupale. À partir de séquences associatives de plusieurs séances de groupe, est interrogée la fonction transformationnelle et de mise en oeuvre d’un processus tiercéisant au service du travail de symbolisation, de cet outil thérapeutique institutionnel. Interrogation opérée dans une double direction : à la fois des problématiques psychopathologiques des adolescents accueillis mais aussi des problématiques institutionnelles réactualisées par les mises en dépôt des impensés. Les mouvements déployés au sein d’un groupe et d’un groupe à l’autre attestent de la fonction de médiateur de ce dispositif, à même de pouvoir remplir une fonction tierce de régulation et de transformation des processus de déliaison, de destructivité, de dépression, de clivage et de confusion. La prise en compte, par les analystes, de la « chaîne associative groupale » au sein de la dynamique de groupe est alors essentielle.
Un groupe à médiation littéraire en hôpital de jour
Authors: Cohou Dominique 
Published: November 2012

Cet article met en évidence quelques-uns des ressorts thérapeutiques d’un dispositif groupal conjuguant les apports de la médiation littéraire et celle de l’analyse de groupe. C’est dans son rapport au cadre institutionnel qu’un tel espace fonde pour une grande part la qualité de sa contenance. L’auteure resitue la conception de ce groupe dans une temporalité mise en lien avec les aléas de son contre-transfert anticipé et le contexte institutionnel. Deux exemples cliniques illustrent la spécificité de ce travail de groupe ; ils mettent l’accent sur la notion de transsubjectivité et de réseau groupal comme matrice d’où surgissent les processus de figuration et de symbolisation facilités par la médiation, par le biais des identifications primaires.
Le travail du même et du différent : mouvement circulaire entre les groupes de scénodrame et l'institution
Authors: Clément Sandra , Béon Sébastien 
Published: November 2012

Comment les pratiques groupales peuvent-elles s’inscrire dans les institutions aujourd’hui et évoluer en qualité et en diversité malgré la réduction des budgets limitant les postes et les crédits de formation ? Comment faire reconnaître et soutenir ces thérapies groupales quand elles s’exercent dans un champ analytique aujourd’hui contesté ? L’histoire de l’élaboration d’un nouveau dispositif groupal : le scénodrame et de son inscription au sein d’un hôpital de jour/CATTP dans un service hospitalo-universitaire de psychiatrie de l’enfant et de l’adolescent ouvrira une réflexion sur les origines et les facteurs favorisant une telle initiative et sa prise en compte institutionnelle. Seront évoqués les soutiens et les résistances à l’oeuvre dans un tel processus d’intégration. Nous verrons comment des espaces institutionnels extérieurs à l’institution de soin (Sociétés Scientifiques) offrent des appuis pour penser et faire reconnaître un nouveau dispositif conçu pour répondre aux difficultés spécifiques des pathologies lourdes et des pathologies des contenants psychiques. Notre réflexion s’exercera dans un mouvement circulaire entre les groupes de scénodrame avec leur spécificité et l’institution dans sa diversité. Nous passerons de la contenance groupale aux contenances institutionnelles protectrices des enveloppes psychiques. Nous verrons comment l’institution porte une diversité qui se nourrit des expériences pluridisciplinaires. En conclusion, la pluridisciplinarité expose les soignants à la différence et, dans un même mouvement élaboratif, impulse une créativité participative.
Groupe de parole spécifique pour adolescents obèses, en processus d'amaigrissement, placés en institution
Authors: Sanahuja Maria de la Almudena , Cuynet Patrice 
Published: November 2012

Notre réflexion insiste sur l’utilité d’une approche psychanalytique groupale : un groupe de parole, comme une des modalités de prise en charge de l’obésité au moment de la période de l’adolescence. À travers cet article, nous montrons l’évolution psychique d’adolescents obèses en « perte de poids » dans le cadre d’un groupe de parole, ainsi que l’impact de ce dernier tant sur notre travail de clinicien que sur la prise en charge pluridisciplinaire et la dynamique institutionnelle. Puis, nous mettons l’accent sur les positions transférentielles et contre-transférentielles qui émergent de cette dynamique groupale, et les difficultés rencontrées par les thérapeutes quant au travail de reprise, issues de ces positions. Nous insistons également sur la dimension thérapeutique du groupe comme objet qui médiatise et temporise par une contenance adéquate l’agressivité anti-dépressive liée au phénomène d’amaigrissement.
Multiple Redundant Effector Mechanisms of CD8+ T Cells Protect against Influenza Infection
Authors: Hamada Hiromasa , Bassity Elizabeth , Flies Amanda , Strutt Tara M. , Garcia-Hernandez Maria de Luz , McKinstry K. Kai , Zou Tie , Swain Susan L. , Dutton Richard W. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
We have previously shown that mice challenged with a lethal dose of A/Puerto Rico/8/34-OVAI are protected by injection of 4–8 × 106 in vitro–generated Tc1 or Tc17 CD8+ effectors. Viral load, lung damage, and loss of lung function are all reduced after transfer. Weight loss is reduced and survival increased. We sought in this study to define the mechanism of this protection. CD8+ effectors exhibit multiple effector activities, perforin-, Fas ligand–, and TRAIL-mediated cytotoxicity, and secretion of multiple cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-10, IL-17, IL-21, IL-22, IFN-γ, and TNF) and chemokines (CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CXCL9, and CXCL10). Transfer of CD8+ effectors into recipients, before infection, elicits enhanced recruitment of host neutrophils, NK cells, macrophages, and B cells. All of these events have the potential to protect against viral infections. Removal of any one, however, of these potential mechanisms was without effect on protection. Even the simultaneous removal of host T cells, host B cells, and host neutrophils combined with the elimination of perforin-mediated lytic mechanisms in the donor cells failed to reduce their ability to protect. We conclude that CD8+ effector T cells can protect against the lethal effects of viral infection by means of a large number of redundant mechanisms.
Lipoproteins Are Major Targets of the Polyclonal Human T Cell Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Seshadri Chetan , Turner Marie T. , Lewinsohn David M. , Moody D. Branch , Van Rhijn Ildiko 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Most vaccines and basic studies of T cell epitopes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis emphasize water-soluble proteins that are secreted into the extracellular space and presented in the context of MHC class II. Much less is known about the role of Ags retained within the cell wall. We used polyclonal T cells from infected humans to probe for responses to immunodominant Ags in the M. tuberculosis cell wall. We found that the magnitude of response to secreted or cell wall intrinsic compounds was similar among healthy controls, patients with latent tuberculosis, and patients with active tuberculosis. Individual responses to secreted Ags and cell wall extract were strongly correlated (r2 = 0.495, p = 0.001), suggesting that T cells responding to cell wall and secreted Ags are present at similar frequency. Surprisingly, T cell stimulatory factors intrinsic to the cell wall partition into organic solvents; however, these responses are not explained by CD1-mediated presentation of lipids. Instead, we find that molecules soluble in organic solvents are dependent upon MHC class II and recognized by IFN-γ–secreting CD4+ T cells. We reasoned that MHC class II–dependent Ags extracting into lipid mixtures might be found among triacylated lipoproteins present in mycobacteria. We used M. tuberculosis lacking prolipoprotein signal peptidase A (lspA), an enzyme required for lipoprotein synthesis, to demonstrate loss of polyclonal T cell responses. Our results demonstrate the use of bacterial genetics to identify lipoproteins as an unexpected and immunodominant class of cell wall–associated Ags targeted by the polyclonal human T cell response to M. tuberculosis.
SLAT Regulates CD8+ T Cell Clonal Expansion in a Cdc42- and NFAT1-Dependent Manner
Authors: Feau Sonia , Schoenberger Stephen P. , Altman Amnon , Bécart Stéphane 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
After antigenic stimulation, CD8+ T cells undergo clonal expansion and differentiation into CTLs that can mount a strong defense against intracellular pathogens and tumors. SWAP-70–like adapter of T cells (SLAT), also known as Def6, is a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Cdc42 GTPase and plays a role in CD4+ T cell activation and Th cell differentiation by controlling Ca2+/NFAT signaling, but its requirement in CD8+ T cell response has not been explored. Using a range of transgenic and knockout in vivo systems, we show that SLAT is required for efficient expansion of CD8+ T cells during the primary response but is not necessary for CTL differentiation. The reduced clonal expansion observed in the absence of SLAT resulted from a CD8+ T cell–intrinsic proliferation defect and a reduced IL-2–dependent cell survival. On a molecular level, we show that Def6 deficiency resulted in defective TCR/CD28-induced NFAT translocation to the nucleus in CD8+ T cells. Constitutively active Cdc42 or NFAT1 mutants fully restored the impaired expansion of Def6−/− CD8+ T cells. Taken together, these data describe a new and pivotal role of SLAT-mediated NFAT activation in CD8+ T cells, providing new insight into the signaling pathways involved in CD8+ T cell proliferation.
YKL-40 Induces IL-8 Expression from Bronchial Epithelium via MAPK (JNK and ERK) and NF-κB Pathways, Causing Bronchial Smooth Muscle Proliferation and Migration
Authors: Tang Hao , Sun Yu , Shi Zhaoquan , Huang Hai , Fang Zheng , Chen Jiquan , Xiu Qingyu , Li Bing 
Published: November 2012

AbstractRecently, the serum levels of YKL-40, a chitinase-like glycoprotein, have been shown to be significantly elevated in asthmatics and are associated with asthma severity. Although these studies raise the possibility that YKL-40 may influence asthma, the mechanisms remain unknown. This study firstly investigated the mechanisms involved in YKL-40–mediated inflammation in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) and analyzed the soluble factors secreted by bronchial epithelial cells exposed to YKL-40 that were responsible for increasing proliferation and migration of primary normal human bronchial smooth muscle cells (BSMCs). YKL-40–induced inflammation was assayed in two HBECs (BEAS-2B cell line and primary HBECs). In addition, we treated BEAS-2B cells and HBECs with YKL-40 and added the conditioned culture media to BSMCs. The proliferation and migration of BSMCs were determined by premixed WST-1 cell proliferation reagent (Clontech Laboratories) and QCM chemotaxis migration assay (Millipore), respectively. Bronchial epithelial cells treated with YKL-40 resulted in a significant increase of IL-8 production, which was dependent on MAPK (JNK and ERK) and NF-κB pathways activation. YKL-40–induced IL-8 was found to further stimulate proliferation and migration of BSMCs, and the effects were inhibited after neutralizing IL-8. Through investigating the interaction of airway epithelium and smooth muscle, our findings implicate that YKL-40 may be involved in the inflammation of asthma by induction of IL-8 from epithelium, subsequently contributing to BSMC proliferation and migration. Moreover, inhibition of IL-8 signaling is a potential therapeutic target for YKL-40–induced inflammation and remodeling of asthma.
A comparison of estimation methods for fitting Weibull, Johnson’s SB and beta functions to Pinus pinaster, Pinus radiate and Pinus sylvestris stands in northwest Spain
Authors: Gorgoso J. J. , Rojo A. , Cámara-Obregón A. , Diéguez-Aranda U. 
Published: November 2012

The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of the Weibull, Johnson’s SB and beta distributions, fitted with some of the most usual methods and with different fixed values for the location parameters, for describing diameter distributions in even-aged stands of Pinus pinaster, Pinus radiata and Pinus sylvestris in northwest Spain. A total of 155 permanent plots in Pinus sylvestris stands throughout Galicia, 183 plots in Pinus pinaster stands throughout Galicia and Asturias and 325 plots in Pinus radiata stands in both regions were measured to describe the diameter distributions. Parameters of the Weibull function were estimated by Moments and Maximum Likelihood approaches, those of Johnson’s SB function by Conditional Maximum Likelihood and by Knoebel and Burhart’s method, and those of the beta function with the method based on the moments of the distribution. The beta and the Johnson’s SB functions were slightly superior to Weibull function for Pinus pinaster stands; the Johnson’s SB and beta functions were more accurate in the best fits for Pinus radiata stands, and the best results of the Weibull and the Johnson’s SB functions were slightly superior to beta function for Pinus sylvestris stands. However, the three functions are suitable for this stands with an appropriate value of the location parameter and estimation of parameters method.
Genetic and cellular evidence of decreased inflammation associated with reduced incidence of posttraumatic arthritis in MRL/MpJ mice
Authors: Lewis John S. , Furman Bridgette D. , Zeitler Evan , Huebner Janet L. , Kraus Virginia B. , Guilak Farshid , Olson Steven A. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the relationship between inflammation and posttraumatic arthritis (PTA) in a murine intraarticular fracture model.MethodsMale C57BL/6 and MRL/MpJ “superhealer” mice received tibial plateau fractures using a previously established method. Mice were killed on day 0 (within 4 hours of fracture) and days 1, 3, 5, 7, 28, and 56 after fracture. Synovial tissue samples, obtained prior to fracture and on days 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 after fracture, were examined by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction for gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Synovial fluid and serum samples were collected to measure cytokine concentrations, using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Whole joints were examined histologically for the extent of synovitis and cartilage degradation, and joint tissue samples from all time points were analyzed immunohistochemically to evaluate the distribution of interleukin‐1 (IL‐1).ResultsCompared to C57BL/6 mice, MRL/MpJ mice had less severe intraarticular and systemic inflammation following joint injury, as evidenced by lower gene expression of tumor necrosis factor α and IL‐1β in the synovial tissue and lower protein levels of IL‐1α and IL‐1β in the synovial fluid, serum, and joint tissues. Furthermore, after joint injury, MRL/MpJ mice had lower gene expression of macrophage inflammatory proteins and macrophage‐derived chemokine (CCL22) in the synovial tissue, and also had reduced acute and late‐stage infiltration of synovial macrophages.ConclusionC57BL/6 mice exhibited higher levels of inflammation than MRL/MpJ mice, indicating that MRL/MpJ mice are protected from PTA in this model. These data thus suggest an association between joint tissue inflammation and the development and progression of PTA in mice.
Electrospun biodegradable calcium containing poly(ester‐urethane)urea: Synthesis, fabrication, in vitro degradation, and biocompatibility evaluation
Authors: Nair Priya A. , Ramesh P. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn this work an in vitro degradable poly(ester‐urethane)urea (PEUU) was synthesized using polycaprolactone diol, hexamethylene diisocyanate, and calcium salt of p‐aminobenzoic acid. The synthesized polymer was characterized by 1H‐NMR and FTIR spectroscopy and viscosity studies. Scaffolds having random micro fibrous structures were fabricated from PEUU by electrospinning process. The thermal properties of the scaffold were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis. The mechanical property evaluation showed that the scaffold possess sufficiently high tensile strength of 16 MPa. The in vitro degradation studies of the electrospun scaffold were carried out in phosphate buffer saline for 6 months. The average mass loss of the scaffold after 6 months of hydrolytic degradation was 25%. FTIR spectroscopy study confirmed the degradation of the PEUU from decrease in intensity of 1400 cm−1 peak corresponding to ionic carboxylate group. Presence of amine group and calcium ions in the degradation medium further confirmed the degradation of the hard segment in the hydrolytic medium. The mechanical property evaluation of the scaffold indicated a gradual decrease in tensile strength and modulus whereas percentage elongation of the scaffold increases with time of in vitro degradation. The morphological evaluation of the scaffold after degradation by SEM shows evidence of broken fibers and pores in the scaffold. Preliminary in vitro cytotoxicity test demonstrated that both the material and the degradation products were noncytotoxic in nature and the material showed good proliferation to L‐929 cells. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2013.
Attached growth systems for wastewater treatment in small and rural communities: a review
Authors: Loupasaki Eleftheria , Diamadopoulos Evan 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThis paper reviews the application of attached growth processes for municipal wastewater treatment. Attached growth processes are classified as aerobic (either aerated or non‐aerated), anaerobic and hybrid (anaerobic/anoxic and aerobic). The main advantage of attached growth systems is that they maintain a high concentration of microorganisms resulting in high removal rates at relatively small hydraulic retention times. The basic design and operational characteristics of various systems are presented in terms of packing materials, organic loading rates, treatment temperature, as well as achieved removal rates. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry