bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HADT : Image Super-Resolution Restoration Using Hybrid Attention-Dense Connected Transformer Networks
Authors: Guo Ying , Tian Chang , Liu Jie , Di Chong , Ning Keqing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Image super-resolution (SR) plays a vital role in vision tasks, in which Transformer-based methods outperform conventional convolutional neural networks. Existing work usually uses residual linking to improve the performance, but this type of linking provides limited information transfer within the block. Also, in order to improve feature extraction, existing work usually restricts the self-attention computation to a single window. This means that transformer-based networks can only use feature information within a limited spatial range. To handle the challenge, this paper proposes a novel Hybrid Attention-Dense Connected Transformer Networks (HADT) to better utilise the potential feature information. HADT is constructed by stacking attentional transformer block (ATB), which contains Effective Dense Transformer Block (EDTB) and Hybrid Attention Block (HAB). EDTB combines dense connectivity and swin-transformer to enhance feature transfer and improve model representation, and meanwhile, HAB is used for cross-window information interaction and joint modelling of features for better visualisation. Based on the experiments, our method is effective on SR tasks with magnification factors of 2, 3, and 4. For example, using the Urban100 dataset in an experiment with an amplification factor of 4 our method has a PSNR value that is 0.15 dB higher than the previous method and reconstructs a more detailed texture.
Bibliometric analysis highlights lesser-studied pathways in bone remodeling
Authors: Davis Emily M. , Snyder Jacob A. , Mustaklem Basil S. , Brown Hailey L. , Sasse Madeline M. , Wakefield Connor M. , Day Elicza A. , Battiston Gabriella , Street Sierra , Lowery Jonathan W. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Bone mass is determined by the relative balance of action between osteoblasts, which deposit bone matrix, and osteoclasts, which resorb bone matrix. Imbalance in these actions leads to conditions of high or low bone mass. Osteoporosis, i.e., low bone mass, is a common medical condition that places individuals at elevated risk of fracture and greater likelihood of disability, loss of independence, and death. Both anti-resorptive and anabolic medications are available and are generally successful at stabilizing and/or promoting gains in bone mass. However, each current medication has significant drawbacks which present considerable challenges for the long-term management of this chronic condition. Unfortunately, there are few new candidate therapies in the drug development pipeline. This underscores a need for identifying new treatment targets for increasing bone mass, particularly for novel pathways lacking a therapeutic modality in development. However, a report from 2018 identified a striking lack of heterogeneity among molecular pathways studied in the bone remodeling field, with just three pathways accounting for more than 50% of publications and 46% of United States National Institutes of Health-funded grants. Here, we update the prior analysis to 2018-2022 to a) examine the heterogeneity of molecular pathways studied in the bone remodeling field in that time and b) determine if new functional evidence has emerged for additional lesser-known pathways which might hold therapeutic potential. Our results reveal a sustained lack of diversity in research that may restrict discovery of novel therapeutic approaches. We call for an expansion into lesser-studied pathways to broaden the collective focus of the field and highlight several pathways for which functional evidence supports a role in the regulation of bone remodeling. Future work is required to determine therapeutic potential and elucidate the mechanism(s) by which these pathways intersect with the complicated signal transduction network underlying bone remodeling.
A Novel Microfluidic Approach to Quantify Pore-Scale Mineral Dissolution in Porous Media
Authors: Rahman Rafid Musabbir , Niemur Elliott , Blois Gianluca , Kazemifar Farzan , Kim Myeongsub , Li Yaofa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Mineral dissolution in porous media coupled with single- and/or multi-phase flows is pervasive in natural and engineering systems. Dissolution modifies the physical, hydrological, and geochemical properties of the solid matrix, resulting in a complex coupling between local dissolution rate and pore-scale flow. The work reports an innovative microfluidic approach that includes novel 2D reactive porous media and advanced pore flow diagnostics for the study of pore-scale dissolution in porous media with unprecedented details. The 2D microfluidic porous media, called micromodels, were fabricated in calcite by combining photolithography and wet etching, which not only offers precise control over the structural and chemical properties, but also facilitate unobstructed optical access to the pore flow, significantly improving over existing methods. We believe the work represents the first of its kind as it for the first time directly applies photolithography to calcite samples and demonstrates the use of particle image velocimetry to investigate chemical reactions in porous media. The preliminary results have revealed the crucial roles of local concentration gradients in mineral dissolution and call for reconsideration of many assumptions used in the current modeling tools, which paves the way for renewed fundamental understanding of reactive transport and improved modeling tools with better accuracy.
Application of low-intensity anticoagulation after On-X mechanical aortic valve replacement
Authors: Zou Kun , Wei Dachuang , Xiang Bo , Yu Tao , Huang Keli , Liu Shengzhong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
To explore the safety and efficacy of low-intensity anticoagulation in patients after On-X mechanical aortic valve replacement.
Methods
This study retrospectively collected data from patients diagnosed with aortic valve disease (stenosis or closed insufficiency) who underwent surgical On-X mechanical aortic valve replacement in the Cardiac Surgery Department of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from December 2018 to December 2021; the patients were divided into low intensity anticoagulation group (INR:1.5-2.0) and higher intensity anticoagulation group (INR:2.0-2.5) based on postoperative stable INR value (relatively stable INR for 3 months) to compare the incidence of postoperative anticoagulant-related adverse events in the two groups.
Results
Fifty-three patients were included in the low-intensity anticoagulation group (INR 1.5-2.0), and 51 patients were included in the higher-intensity group (2.0-2.5) in the baseline data and surgery (P > 0.05); the two groups were statistically significant in PT, INR and bleeding events (P < 0.05), but no significant difference in embolic adverse events (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
For patients requiring On-X mechanical aortic valve replacement who have no risk factors for thromboembolism, it is appropriate to control the INR in the target range 1.5-2.0, which can reduce the incidence of bleeding adverse events and significantly improve the quality of life, without increasing the risk of thromboembolic adverse events.
Analysis of Correlation between Daily Rhythm of Digestion and Metabolism of Grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀) and Water Quality Parameters in Recycling Aquaculture System
Authors: Li Wenyang , Li Hongxu , Fei Fan , Gao Xiaoqiang , Cao Shuquan , Li Wensheng , Jin Bo , Liu Baoliang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Daily rhythm, a crucial regulatory factor in fish growth and development, controls the internal functions and regulation of organisms in response to environmental cues. Daily rhythm influences not only metabolism but also water quality factors in recycling aquaculture systems (RAS). However, studies on the daily rhythm of hybrid groupers in the RAS are limited. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the daily rhythm metabolism of hybrid grouper in RAS and explore its effect on water quality. Feeding time was used as the starting point in this study. Initially, dissolved oxygen (DO), total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), and Nitrite nitrogen (Nitrite-N) levels in the RAS were measured. This was followed by assessing oxygen consumption rates (OCR), digestive enzyme activities, and the expression levels of metabolism-related genes in the pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀). Finally, a combined analysis was conducted on these aspects. The results showed that DO was negatively correlated with OCR, pepsin and lipase activities, and GK gene expression. TAN showed a positive correlation with OCR and the gene expression levels of the target of the rapamycin. Nitrite-N showed a positive correlation with OCR and the gene expression levels of TOR. We also speculated an internal relationship between fish daily rhythms and water quality parameters, which showed a certain degree of synchronicity. These findings were beneficial in optimizing RAS performance through adjustments in management practices and reducing stress on fish.
Challenge faced in diagnosis and treatment of congenital hypothyroidism presenting with isosexual puberty and bilateral ovarian mass in low and middle income country: a case report
Authors: Gebremichael Ashagre , Tesfaye Wintana 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Abstract
Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a prevalent condition that can lead to significant neurodevelopmental issues in infants if not diagnosed and treated promptly. This case report presents an 8-year-old girl diagnosed with Van Wyk-Grumbach syndrome, characterized by severe hypothyroidism, isosexual precocious puberty, and ovarian hyperstimulation. She exhibited symptoms including vaginal bleeding, abdominal distention, and marked obesity with stunted growth. Investigations revealed severe hypothyroidism (TSH: 96 mU/L) and enlarged bilateral ovarian cysts. After initiating levothyroxine therapy, the patient demonstrated remarkable clinical improvement, including reduced abdominal swelling and normalizing thyroid function. This case underscores the importance of considering hypothyroidism in differential diagnoses of ovarian masses in children, especially in regions lacking newborn screening protocols, to prevent unnecessary surgical interventions and ensure appropriate management of the condition.
Naked-eye 3D visualization of cultural relics based on integrated imaging
Authors: Wang Lu , Wang Yu , Liu Quanyang , Wang Qi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Digital technology has become crucial for the protection of cultural relics, enabling their acquisition, preservation, exhibition, and dissemination in a non-contact manner.This paper focuses on the acquisition and reproduction of digital information related to cultural relics,and proposes to achieve the true three-dimensional(3D) display of cultural relics from a continuous perspective based on integrated imaging(InIm). Building up on traditional InIm,an Element image array (EIA) generation algorithm based on local depth template matching is designed by using spatial geometry relation.Experimental results show that the algorithm not only enables naked-eye 3D visualization of cultural relics, but also significantly improve the generation speed compared with the existing 3D display data source generation algorithms.
Low-carbon optimal dispatch of integrated energy systems taking into account the ladder-type carbon trading mechanism and electricity-heat demand response
Authors: Dai Xinyin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In order to achieve the goals of "carbon neutrality and carbon peaking" at an early date, a low-carbon optimal dispatch model that takes into account the ladder-type carbon trading mechanism and the demand response (DR) of electricity and heat is proposed for the integrated energy system (IES). Firstly, the demand response mechanism for electricity and heat is constructed by considering the characteristics of multiple loads that are flexible in switching relationships with each other. Second, the ladder-type carbon trading mechanism is introduced to achieve the effect of energy saving and emission reduction. After that, the system low-carbon optimal dispatch model is established with the optimization objective of minimizing the operation cost. Finally, four different scenarios are set up to verify the feasibility of the proposed model. The results of the calculations show that the introduction of the ladder-type carbon trading mechanism and the demand response mechanism for electricity and heat can enable the system to reduce carbon emissions by 22.09% and operating costs by 17.27%, which achieves the effect of low-carbon and cost-saving, and provides a theoretical basis for the transformation and sustainable development of the energy system.
A Simple and Efficient Colorimetric Detection of Creatinine Based on Citrate-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Lv Xianfa , Shi Tongrui , Bai Xia , Guan Zheng , Jiang Rujian , Zhou Lu , Chen Hongyu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Creatinine level is a crucial indicator in the clinical assessment and diagnosis of renal diseases, achieving simple and accurate detection of urinary creatinine levels in resource-limited point-of-care settings is of great significant in the timely prevention and diagnosis of kidney diseases. As a popular zero-dimensional material, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) exhibit intriguing optical properties and thus have become a promising material for many sensing detection applications. Here, we proposed a simple, efficient and sensitive quantitative detection of creatinine by studying the relative absorbance (ΔA) of AuNPs in absence and presence of creatinine. The method relies on the aggregation of AuNPs via ligand-exchanged of citrate ions and creatinine on the surface of AuNPs to achieve colorimetric detection. With this assay, the limit of detection for creatinine was as low as 0.16 mM, and the dynamic detection range was 0.5 to 20 mM under optimized conditions. In our experiments, the specificity of proposed method was investigated and successfully applied to detect creatinine in urine sample. It reveals that the proposed colorimetric protocol has demonstrated a high sensitivity and selectivity for creatinine, and has a potential practicability in clinical diagnostics.
Surgical outcomes for robotic-assisted single-site hysterectomy compared to multi-site hysterectomy
Authors: Reddy Ravali A. , Somasegar Sahana , Moon Ashley S. , Zhang Jiaqi , Karam Amer 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
To assess and compare the surgical outcomes of robotic-assisted single-site hysterectomy (SSH) and multi-site hysterectomy (MSH).
Design:
A retrospective cohort study from a single academic health care system.
Results
From October 2013 to June 2022, 127 SSH and 445 MSH were performed. 78% of SSH patients had a normal or overweight BMI compared to 49% of MSH patients (p < 0.001). 37% of SSH patients had a preoperative cancer diagnosis compared to 66% of MSH patients (p < 0.001). There were no differences in average number of prior abdominal surgeries (p = 0.6). The median operative time was 118 minutes for SSH compared to 162 minutes for MSH (p < 0.001). 23% of SSH patients were discharged on the day of surgery compared to 8% of MSH patients (p < 0.001). The plurality (47%) of SSH patients had a blood loss of < 50 mL compared to 50-100mL for the plurality (36%) of MSH patients (p < .001). 7% of patients undergoing MSH experienced major complications compared to only 2% of patients undergoing SSH (p = 0.025). Propensity score matched results using a 1:1 model were consistent with the overall analysis and prior findings, demonstrating statistically significant differences in median operative times, blood loss, and lengths of postoperative stay between SSH and MSH patients.
Conclusion
SSH has overall good outcomes, with this study demonstrating decreased operative times, decreased blood loss, lower rates of major complications, and shorter lengths of postoperative stay when compared to MSH. SSH may be an alternate surgical modality with utility in risk-reducing, precancerous, or early-stage cancer in gynecologic patients.
Recent Advances in Text Line Segmentation and Baseline Detection in Historical Document Images: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rabaev Irina , Litvak Marina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The purpose of this survey is to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in text line segmentation and baseline detection techniques within the analysis of historic document images. Text line extraction is an essential step in the historical documents image analysis pipeline, as its results significantly impact the accuracy of subsequent processes, such as handwritten text recognition (HTR). Through a multi-stage procedure, we carefully selected 43 peer-reviewed studies published since 2019. Based on careful analysis of these studies, we summarize the information of the existing datasets, describe and categorize different methods, and summarize evaluation protocols. In addition, we compare the results of various methods on benchmark datasets. Finally, we highlight the gaps and suggest directions for future research.
We believe that this comprehensive survey will be of great assistance to researchers working in the field of historical document image analysis, as it offers critical insights into the latest advancements and developments, providing a foundation for future research.
RETRACTED: Examination of Adipokine (Apelin, Leptin, Ghrelin) and Cortisol Hormone Response and Nutritional Status of University Students Studying in the Field of Health According to Their Orthorexia Nervosa Tendency
Authors: Orkun Tuğçe , BAYRAKTAR Bülent 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Variance-reduction kinetic simulation for characterization of surface and corner effects in low-speed rarefied gas flows through long micro-ducts
Authors: Bosco Ferdin Sagai Don , Kammara Kishore Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Microfluidic-MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) devices consist of complex subsystems in which the transfer of mass, momentum and energy is critical. This is often achieved by a pressure gradient-driven, low-speed rarefied gas transport in long micro-ducts. Gaseous rarefaction, and geometrical properties of micro-ducts, such as cross-section profile and surface roughness, play a decisive role in the segregation of the flow into inertia-driven and surface-dominated domains. In this work, a parallel stochastic kinetic particle solver that solves the low-variance Boltzmann Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook (BGK) formulation is utilized to study isothermal rarefied gas transport through polar and triangular cross-sections. The effect of geometrical features such as surface proximity to the inertial core and the role of corners, are characterized. A novel parameter to indicate surface influence is introduced, which can be gainfully used in MEMS design and optimization.
A Comparative Evaluation of Social Network Analysis Tools: Performance and Community Engagement Perspectives
Authors: Amure Ridwan , Agarwal Nitin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Graphs are increasingly used in research, industry, and government. This has led to a wide range of analytical and graph-processing tools. There are various tools and platforms for graph processing. Many network based platforms, tools and storage systems have been presented over time. Each system evaluates its effectiveness and usability in processing graph data using different statistics and criteria. As a result, comparing the various systems' performances becomes challenging. This study benchamark popular network analysis tools— NetworkX, RustworkX, Igraph, EasyGraph, and Graph-tool— by evaluating their performance and extracted community engagement metrics, such as the number of downloads, stars, and forks. We benchmark the library's performance on three open-source datasets, one custom dataset, and twelve network analysis methods. The findings reveal that while NetworkX is highly popular, it exhibits slower performance in most benchmarks compared to Graph-tool and Igraph, which are faster and more efficient despite their lower popularity. The continued popularity of NetworkX may be attributed to factors like well-documented methods and a user-friendly API, though this warrants further investigation. This research provides valuable insights for practitioners, researchers, and developers, helping them make informed decisions when selecting network analysis tools. The study emphasizes the trade-off between user-friendliness and performance, suggesting that the optimal tool choice depends on project-specific requirements.
To make another goal or to dream a different dream – A mixed method study of experiences of people using advance care planning in mental health
Authors: Edan Vrinda , Brophy Lisa , Hamilton Bridget 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The Mental Health Act (2014) (the Act) Victoria provided for compulsory treatment with specified criteria. Also, within the Act is provision for advance statements, an instrument that is aimed to support advance care planning, should a person become a patient under the Act. To date, uptake has been poor for advance statements and little literature is available that explores direct experiences of these instruments for consumers, when they become compulsory patients under the Act.
Method
This study undertook in depth interviews and an online survey to explore consumers’ direct experiences of using advance statements in Victoria. Four interviews were conducted in 2020, and 86 consumers responded to an online survey.
Results
Many survey respondents had good experiences with advance statements, and the results were also consistent with other research identifying that many of the advance statements were consenting documents, although some issues remained with locating the advance statement and identifying the most beneficial staff members to notify. Analysis of the interviews identified 4 main themes in people’s experiences. Advance Statements are not often read, there are many factors that determine whether they are effective or not, advocacy is still important even with the presence of an advance statement and finally, consumers often have to adjust their expectations. Consumers also offered suggestions on how the uptake and utilisation of advance statements could be improved.
Conclusion
This study identifies some experiences of consumers with Advance Statements being effective and non-effective, depending on a range of circumstances. With greater understanding of the utility of Advance Statements, and better resourcing of supported decision-making mechanisms, there is potential for Advance Statements to contribute to an improved experience for consumers in mental health services.