bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BioArena System for Knowing and Understanding the Biological World: A Review with New Experimental Results
Authors: Tyihák Ernő , Móricz Ágnes M , Ott Péter G , Király-Véghely Zsuzsa , Kátay György , Mincsovics Emil 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
A simple observation is the basis of the development of BioArena system: according to the first observations during the biological incubation after inoculation there is formaldehyde (HCHO) emission from the chromatographic spots; in this emission process, the level of HCHO molecules decreases time dependently. In fact, the antibiotic effect of an antibiotic-like compound decreases in parallel with the HCHO emission. The investigations demonstrated clearly a unique function and role of endogenous HCHO and its one main reaction product, ozone (O3), in the antiproliferative (e.g., antimicrobial) effect of different molecules with diverse chemical structures. The results in BioArena can be extended for in vivo conditions (e.g., greenhouse experiments), as well. For the pretreatment with different doses of inducers (immunostimulation-inducing molecules) there are always four bioequivalent immunostimulating response ranges (quadruple bioequivalent immune response system) in plants. The inducers (e.g., N-methylated basic amino acids, salicylic acid, cinnamic acid, and trace elements) do not participate directly in the induction of the immunostimulating effect. These new findings support a statement that HCHO and its reaction products (mainly O3), as bioreactive small molecules, are responsible for the immunostimulating activity (in vivo conditions), as well.
Comparison of Classic and International Society of Urological Pathology 2005 Modified Gleason Grading Using Needle Biopsies From the Reduction by Dutasteride of Prostate Cancer Events (REDUCE) Trial
Authors: Lucia M. Scott , Bostwick David G. , Somerville Matthew C. , Fowler Ivy L. , Rittmaster Roger S. 
Published: November 2013

Context.—Use of the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) 2005 modified Gleason score may result in higher scores compared with the classic Gleason scoring system.
Objective.—To compare scores derived using the 2 scoring systems.
Design.—On-study and for-cause biopsies were centrally reviewed and assigned a classic Gleason score in the Reduction by Dutasteride of prostate Cancer Events trial. Positive biopsies were reviewed by an independent pathologist in a secondary review using the ISUP 2005 modified Gleason score. The independent pathologist also recorded a classic Gleason score.
Results.—In total, 1482/1507 (98%) positive biopsy results were independently reviewed. Scores assigned by the 2 pathologists (classic versus modified) agreed in 83% (1230 of 1481) of cases; 99% (1471 of 1481) of cancers were within ±1 of their previous score. Of discordant cases, similar numbers of biopsies were upgraded and downgraded in the secondary review, with minor differences in the score distributions. Interobserver agreement was good, with κ values ranging from 0.62 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56–0.67) to 0.70 (95% CI, 0.65–0.76). The overall number of high-grade tumors (Gleason score 8–10; n = 48) remained constant between reviews, with 3 fewer cases in the placebo group (n = 16) and 3 more in the dutasteride group (n = 32) in the secondary review. When comparing the independent pathologist's modified scores versus the classic, 17 of 1481 cancers (1.1%) were upgraded (including 9 of 17 upgrades [53%] to high-grade tumors).
Conclusions.—This analysis showed similar score distributions between the classic and modified Gleason scoring systems. The differences seen between the 2 pathologists' scores likely reflect differences in interpretation rather than the scoring system chosen.
High Expression of H3K9me3 Is a Strong Predictor of Poor Survival in Patients With Salivary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Authors: Xia Ronghui , Zhou Rongrui , Tian Zhen , Zhang Chunye , Wang Lizhen , Hu Yuhua , Han Jing , Li Jiang 
Published: November 2013

Context.—Histone methylation and acetylation play important roles in the carcinogenesis and progression of cancer.
Objective.—To investigate whether histone modifications influence the prognosis of patients with salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC).
Design.—The expression of histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) and histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9Ac) was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 66 specimens of primary ACC. Tests were used to determine the presence of any correlation between H3K9me3 and H3K9Ac levels and clinicopathologic parameters. Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the survival data.
Results.—H3K9me3 expression was positively correlated with solid pattern tumors (P = .002) and distant metastasis (P = .001). Solid pattern tumors had lower H3K9Ac expression levels than cribriform-tubular pattern tumors (P = .03). Patients whose tumors showed high H3K9me3 expression and a solid pattern had a significantly poorer overall survival (OS) (P &lt; .001 and P &lt; .001, respectively) and disease-free survival (P &lt; .001 and P = .01, respectively). Low H3K9Ac expression was correlated with poor OS (P = .05). The multivariate analysis indicated that high levels of H3K9me3 expression and solid pattern tumors were independent prognostic factors that significantly influenced OS (P = .004 and P = .04, respectively). H3K9me3 expression was identified as the only independent predictor of disease-free survival (P = .006).
Conclusions.—Our results suggest that high levels of H3K9me3 expression are predictive of rapid cell proliferation and distant metastasis in ACC. Compared with histologic patterns, H3K9me3 might be a better predictive biomarker for the prognosis of patients with salivary ACC.
Reducing False-Negative and False-Positive Diagnoses in Anatomic Pathology Consultation Material
Authors: Renshaw Andrew A. , Gould Edwin W. 
Published: November 2013

Context.—Previous studies have shown that there are disagreements in interlaboratory consultation, including false-negative and false-positive diagnoses. To date, methods to reduce false-negative and false-positive diagnoses have been poorly documented.
Objective.—To identify features associated with false-negative and false-positive diagnoses in anatomic pathology.
Design.—We reviewed the results of interlaboratory consultation in our institution during a 9-year period. For false-negative and false-positive diagnoses, methods that might have prevented the error were identified.
Results.—Disagreements were identified in 810 of 8082 consults (10%). Fifty-four false-negative cases (0.7% of all consults) and 27 false-positive cases (0.3%) were identified. False-negative cases were more common in breast (20 of 1131; 1.8%), genitourinary (16 of 970; 1.7%), hematologic (3 of 242; 1.3%), and cytology (3 of 404; 0.8%) than in all other sites combined (P &lt; .001); no significant difference in sites were identified for false-positive cases. Overall, there was no difference in the percentage of cases that were reviewed by more than one pathologist in either false-negative cases (109 of 810; 13.5%) or false-positive cases (135 of 810; 16.7%), compared with all other consults (858 of 7272; 11.8%) (P = .74 and .59, respectively). However, on review, 12 of all 27 false-positive cases (44%) might have been prevented by the use of immunohistochemistry alone, and 36 of all 54 false-negative cases (67%) might have been prevented by the use of a second review; special stains, including immunohistochemistry; additional levels; changes in processing; and hedges.
Conclusion.—Approximately one-half of false-negative and false-positive cases (48 of 81; 59%) might be preventable by the use of a combination of pathologic methods.
Exploring fractionation models for Martian magmas
Authors: Udry Arya , Balta J. Brian , McSween Harry Y. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractMartian primary compositions, i.e., magmas that did not experience fractionation and/or contamination after extraction from the mantle, occur as a subset of Martian meteorites and a few lavas analyzed on the planet's surface by rovers. Eruptions of primary magmas are rare on Earth and presumably on Mars. Previous studies of fractional crystallization of Martian primary magmas have been conducted under isobaric conditions, simulating idealized crystallization in magma chambers. Polybaric fractionation, which occurs during magma ascent, has not been investigated in detail for Martian magmas. Using the MELTS algorithm and the pMELTS revision, we present comprehensive isobaric and polybaric thermodynamic calculations of the fractional crystallization of four primary or parental Martian magmas (Humphrey, Fastball, Y‐980459 shergottite, and nakhlite parental melts) using various pressure‐temperature paths, oxygen fugacities, and water contents to constrain how these magmas might evolve. We then examine whether known Martian alkaline rock compositions could have formed through fractional crystallization of these magmas under the simulated conditions. We find that isobaric and polybaric crystallization paths produce similar residual melt compositions, but given sufficient details, we may be able to distinguish between them. We calculate that Backstay (Gusev Crater) likely formed by fractionation of a primary magma under polybaric conditions, while Jake_M (Gale Crater) may have formed through melting of a metasomatized mantle, crustal assimilation, or fractional crystallization of an unknown primary magma. The best fits for the Backstay composition indicate that consideration of polybaric crystallization paths can help improve the quality of fit when simulating liquid lines of descent.
Application of the MELTS algorithm to Martian compositions and implications for magma crystallization
Authors: Balta J. Brian , McSween Harry Y. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe MELTS algorithm, the most commonly used tool for calculating crystallization of basaltic magmas, uses thermodynamic parameters calibrated by experiments on select compositions, and thus, its use on newly discovered extraterrestrial compositions requires extrapolation across ranges where its applicability has not been evaluated in detail. To apply MELTS to Martian compositions, we undertook a systematic examination of the original MELTS calibration and the pMELTS revision as applied to Martian magmas. We find that the algorithm is effective in predicting the crystallization paths and conditions of Martian magmas, with some issues. The algorithm consistently overestimates the stability of spinel and underestimates pressures of multiple saturation compared to experiments. The pMELTS calibration comes close to fitting multiple‐saturation pressures but cannot be used at low pressures. Both calibrations model crystallization temperatures with similar variances to those observed for terrestrial compositions. Both calibrations reproduce important compositional details of crystallizing magmas and coexisting minerals with errors similar to those observed on terrestrial compositions. We calculate several crystallization paths which predict high‐FeO, high‐density magma compositions that could be a mechanism for cumulate formation. Low‐FeO compositions in recent Mars volcanism may be an expression of this density barrier. However, the composition of a high‐FeO rock called “Et‐Then” discovered by the rover Curiosity is strikingly similar to compositions calculated by the MELTS algorithm and could represent one of these high‐FeO volcanic rocks.
Synthesis of Polythiophene/Sb2O3 Nanocomposite Using Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate for the Removal of Pb (ІІ)
Authors: Khalili Reza , Shabanpour Fatemeh , Eisazadeh Hossein 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTPolythiophene–dodecylbenzenesulfonate/antimon oxide nanocomposite was synthesized via in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method at room temperature in aqueous media, and its capability for the removal of lead ions from aqueous solution was studied. Product was characterized by Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that the Sb2O3 and dodecylbenzenesulfonate influence the properties of products. Batch studied were done to estimate the influence of pH, contact time, and initial concentration of Pb (ІІ) on the removal of Pb (ІІ). The optimum conditions of sorption were: pH 3, contact time 30 min, and initial concentration of Pb (II) 50 mg/L. The Langmuir and Freundlich equations were subjected to sorption data to estimate the sorption capacity. It was also found that the equilibrium adsorption isotherm was better described by Freundlich adsorption isotherm model. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 2014, 33, 21389; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21389
Five‐degree, 10‐degree, and 20‐degree reverse Trendelenburg position during functional endoscopic sinus surgery: a double‐blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gan Eng Cern , Habib Al‐Rahim R. , Rajwani Alykhan , Javer Amin R. 
Published: November 2013

BackgroundUsing the reverse Trendelenburg position (RTP) during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is a safe, simple, and cost‐free method that has been found to reduce intraoperative blood loss. However, the critical angle of RTP that produces the least amount of bleeding without compromising surgical technique and safety remains unanswered. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of 5‐degree, 10‐degree, and 20‐degree RTP (5‐RTP, 10‐RTP, and 20‐RTP, respectively) on intraoperative bleeding during FESS.MethodsThis double‐blind randomized controlled trial involved 75 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with and without nasal polyposis undergoing FESS. Twenty‐five patients were enrolled into each group: 5‐RTP, 10‐RTP, and 20‐RTP. Boezaart endoscopic field‐of‐view score (BS), total blood loss (TBL), mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), operating time, and blood loss per minute were recorded. An intention‐to‐treat analysis was used, with a Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons.ResultsIntervention groups were comparable in age, sex, nasal polyposis, and disease severity. Mean values of BS and TBL were as follows: 5‐RTP (2.0, 231 mL), 10‐RTP (1.8, 230 mL), and 20‐RTP (1.4, 135 mL). The differences in means were significant for BS (p < 0.01) and TBL (p = 0.03). There was no significant difference in MABP (p = 0.85), operating time (p = 0.10), or blood loss per minute (p = 0.11) between the 3 groups. Pairwise comparison between 5‐RTP vs 20‐RTP found significant difference in BS (p < 0.01) but not TBL (p = 0.04). Significance was not found in similar comparisons of 10‐RTP vs 20‐RTP and 5‐RTP vs 10‐RTP (p > 0.03).ConclusionFESS in 20‐RTP produced the best BS and lowest blood loss without compromising surgical technique.
Photostabilität von 4,4′‐Dihydroxythioindigo: ein Mimetikum des Indigo
Authors: Dittmann Marc , Graupner Franziska F. , Maerz Benjamin , Oesterling Sven , de Vivie‐Riedle Regina , Zinth Wolfgang , Engelhard Martin , Lüttke Wolfgang 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDie photochemischen Eigenschaften des Indigo, eines weit verbreiteten industriellen Produkts, haben von Anfang an das Interesse von Wissenschaftlern geweckt. Die Photostabilität von Indigo war Gegenstand intensiver Forschungen. In neuerer Zeit wurde vorgeschlagen, dass nach Photoanregung ein intramolekularer Protonentransfer auftritt, der gefolgt von einem nichtstrahlenden Relaxationsprozess zurück in den Grundzustand zur hohen Photostabilität führt. In Indigo treten Wasserstoffbrücken und der Protonentransfer zwischen gegenüberliegenden Hemiindigoteilen auf. Hier weisen wir nach, dass bereits ein Protonentransfer innerhalb eines Hemiindigo‐ oder Hemithioindigoteils ausreicht, um diese Photostabilität zu gewährleisten. Dieses Konzept könnte eine interessante Strategie hin zu neuen photostabilen Farbstoffen im sichtbaren Spektrum liefern.
A Mixed Molecular Building Block Strategy for the Design of Nested Polyhedron Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Tian Dan , Chen Qiang , Li Yue , Zhang Ying‐Hui , Chang Ze , Bu Xian‐He 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA mixed molecular building block (MBB) strategy for the synthesis of double‐walled cage‐based porous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is presented. By means of this method, two isostructural porous MOFs built from unprecedented double‐walled metal–organic octahedron were obtained by introducing two size‐matching C3‐symmetric molecular building blocks with different rigidities. With their unique framework structures, these MOFs provide, to the best of our knowledge, the first examples of double‐walled octahedron‐based MOFs.
Photostability of 4,4′‐Dihydroxythioindigo, a Mimetic of Indigo
Authors: Dittmann Marc , Graupner Franziska F. , Maerz Benjamin , Oesterling Sven , de Vivie‐Riedle Regina , Zinth Wolfgang , Engelhard Martin , Lüttke Wolfgang 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe photochemical properties of indigo, a widely used industrial dye, has attracted both experimentalists and theoreticians from the beginning. Especially the high photostability of indigo has been the subject of intensive research. Recently, it was proposed that after photoexcitation an intramolecular proton transfer followed by a nonradiative relaxation to the ground state promote photostability. In indigo the hydrogen bond and the proton transfer occur between the opposing hemiindigo parts. Here, we provide experimental and theoretical evidence that a hydrogen transfer within one hemiindigo or hemithioindigo part is sufficient to attain photostability. This concept can serve as an interesting strategy towards new photostable dyes for the visible part of the spectrum.
Ionic‐Liquid–Nanoparticle Hybrid Electrolytes: Applications in Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Lu Yingying , Korf Kevin , Kambe Yu , Tu Zhengyuan , Archer Lynden A. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDevelopment of rechargeable lithium metal battery (LMB) remains a challenge because of uneven lithium deposition during repeated cycles of charge and discharge. Ionic liquids have received intensive scientific interest as electrolytes because of their exceptional thermal and electrochemical stabilities. Ionic liquid and ionic‐liquid–nanoparticle hybrid electrolytes based on 1‐methy‐3‐propylimidazolium (IM) and 1‐methy‐3‐propylpiperidinium (PP) have been synthesized and their ionic conductivity, electrochemical stability, mechanical properties, and ability to promote stable Li electrodeposition investigated. PP‐based electrolytes were found to be more conductive and substantially more efficient in suppressing dendrite formation on cycled lithium anodes; as little as 11 wt % PP‐IL in a PC‐LiTFSI host produces more than a ten‐fold increase in cell lifetime. Both PP‐ and IM‐based nanoparticle hybrid electrolytes provide up to 10 000‐fold improvements in cell lifetime than anticipated based on their mechanical modulus alone. Galvanostatic cycling measurements in Li/Li4Ti5O12 half cells using IL–nanoparticle hybrid electrolytes reveal more than 500 cycles of trouble‐free operation and enhanced rate capability.
Combining On‐Chip Synthesis of a Focused Combinatorial Library with Computational Target Prediction Reveals Imidazopyridine GPCR Ligands
Authors: Reutlinger Michael , Rodrigues Tiago , Schneider Petra , Schneider Gisbert 
Published: November 2013

AbstractUsing the example of the Ugi three‐component reaction we report a fast and efficient microfluidic‐assisted entry into the imidazopyridine scaffold, where building block prioritization was coupled to a new computational method for predicting ligand–target associations. We identified an innovative GPCR‐modulating combinatorial chemotype featuring ligand‐efficient adenosine A1/2B and adrenergic α1A/B receptor antagonists. Our results suggest the tight integration of microfluidics‐assisted synthesis with computer‐based target prediction as a viable approach to rapidly generate bioactivity‐focused combinatorial compound libraries with high success rates.
Dirhodium(II) Carboxylate Catalyzed Formation of 1,2,3‐Trisubstituted Indoles from Styryl Azides
Authors: Jones Crystalann , Nguyen Quyen , Driver Tom G. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDirhodium(II)‐carboxylate complexes were discovered to promote the selective migration of acyl groups in trisubstituted styryl azides to form 1,2,3‐trisubstituted indoles. The styryl azides are readily available in three steps from cyclobutanone and 2‐iodoaniline.
β‐Cyclodextrin modified cationic acrylamide polymers for flocculating waste drilling fluids
Authors: Zou Changjun , Liang Muhua , Chen Xiuli , Yan Xueling 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTIn this article, the P(AM/A‐β‐CD/DMDAAC) is used as flocculant. The synthesis and characterization of the cationic polyacrylamide flocculant modified by β‐cyclodextrin have been studied in the early article. This article stresses its excellent flocculated performance and mechanism. In the flocculated process, the bridging flocculation played a dominant role. Through the flocculation experiments, it can be seen that the flocculating rate of the P(AM/A‐β‐CD/DMDAAC) on four solutions can go up to 93.4%, 89.7%, 85.1%, and 96.7%, respectively. As can be seen from experiment data, the flocculated property of P(AM/A‐β‐CD/DMDAAC) is superior to polyacrylamide and poly (dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride). © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40197.
Unmasking risk loci: DNA methylation illuminates the biology of cancer predisposition
Authors: Aran Dvir , Hellman Asaf 
Published: November 2013

Paradoxically, DNA sequence polymorphisms in cancer risk loci rarely correlate with the expression of cancer genes. Therefore, the molecular mechanism underlying an individual's susceptibility to cancer has remained largely unknown. However, recent evaluations of the correlations between DNA methylation and gene expression levels across healthy and cancerous genomes have revealed enrichment of disease‐related DNA methylation variations within disease‐associated risk loci. Moreover, it appears that transcriptional enhancers embedded in cancer risk loci often contain DNA methylation sites that closely define the expression of prominent cancer genes, despite the lack of significant correlations between gene expression levels and the surrounding disease‐associated polymorphic sequences. We suggest that DNA methylation variations may obscure the effect of co‐residing risk sequence alleles. Analysis of enhancer methylation data may help to reveal the regulatory circuits underlying predisposition to cancers and other common diseases.Editor's suggested further reading in BioEssays DNA methylation reprogramming in cancer: Does it act by re‐configuring the binding landscape of Polycomb repressive complexes? Abstract
Physically‐based forehead animation including wrinkles
Authors: Warburton Mark , Maddock Steve 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTPhysically‐based animation techniques enable more realistic and accurate animation to be created. We present a fully physically‐based approach for efficiently producing realistic‐looking animations of facial movement, including animation of expressive wrinkles. This involves simulation of detailed voxel‐based models using a graphics processing unit‐based total Lagrangian explicit dynamic finite element solver with an anatomical muscle contraction model, and advanced boundary conditions that can model the sliding of soft tissue over the skull. The flexibility of our approach enables detailed animations of gross and fine‐scale soft‐tissue movement to be easily produced with different muscle structures and material parameters, for example, to animate different aged skins. Although we focus on the forehead, our approach can be used to animate any multi‐layered soft body. © 2014 The Authors. Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.