bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Considering the vascular hypothesis for the pathogenesis of small intestinal atresia: A case control study of genetic factors
Authors: Gupta Tanya , Yang Wei , Iovannisci David M. , Carmichael Suzan L. , Stevenson David K. , Shaw Gary M. , Lammer Edward J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractSmall intestinal atresia (SIA) is a rare congenital occlusion of the small intestine. SIA development, particularly in the jejunum and ileum, has been associated with in utero disruption of vascular supply. However, the number of studies of the vascular hypothesis is limited. This study considers the vascular hypothesis by exploring risks associated with 32 SNPs of genes involved in vascular processes of homocysteine metabolism, coagulation, cell–cell interactions, inflammatory response, and blood pressure regulation. A total of 206 SIA cases were ascertained by the California Birth Defects Monitoring Program, and 573 infants with no major congenital anomalies by their first birthday were selected as controls. Genomic DNA was genotyped for 32 SNPs involving the following genes: MTHFR, F2, F5, F7, SERPINE1, FGB, ITGA2, ITGB3, SELE, ICAM1, MMP3, TNF, LTA, NOS3, AGTR1, AGT, NPPA, ADD1, SCNN1A, GNB3, and ADRB2. Risks were estimated as odds ratios, adjusted for maternal age and race, with 95% confidence intervals. Cases were considered collectively and by subgroups based on atresia location (duodenal/jejunum/ileum). Three SNPs had reduced risk: SERPINE1 11053 T/G, MMP3 (‐1171) A6/A5, and ADRB2 gln27glu. Two had increased risk: ITGA2 873 G/A and NPPA 2238 T/C. No intestinal subphenotypes showed a unique pattern of SNP associations. The association of two SNPs with increased risk lends some, albeit limited, support to vascular impairment as a possible mechanism leading to SIA. These results also identify genes meriting further exploration in SIA studies. Hence, this study makes an important contribution by exploring the long‐held but not well‐investigated vascular hypothesis. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Recurrent agnathia–otocephaly caused by DNA replication slippage in PRRX1
Authors: Dasouki Majed , Andrews Brian , Parimi Prabhu , Kamnasaran Deepak 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAgnathia–otocephaly is a rare craniofacial malformation complex that is caused by de novo heterozygous and biallelic mutations in PRRX1 in two unrelated babies, respectively. We studied the PRRX1 gene in a non‐consanguineous Indonesian female infant who was diagnosed prenatally with severe retrognathia (bilateral Pruzansky type III). Her older affected brother died shortly after birth and had agnathia–otocephaly. A c.266_269dupAAAA frameshift mutation in the poly A tract in PRRX1 was identified in the proband while her father only had an inframe duplication (c.267_269dupAAA) of the adenosine trinucleotide residue. Expression of both mutations in COS7 cells showed loss of function of the frame shift mutation only. Results of SNP genotyping coupled with recurrence of this novel mutation in this family are consistent with a paternally derived germline mosaicism rather than autosomal recessive inheritance as predicted by the family history. Severe retrognathia (bilateral Pruzansky III) and agnathia–otocephaly represent a spectrum of craniofacial malformations in this family. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development of Metabolic Function Biomarkers in the Common Marmoset, Callithrix jacchus
Authors: ZIEGLER TONI E. , COLMAN RICKI J. , TARDIF SUZETTE D. , SOSA MEGAN E. , WEGNER FREDRICK H. , WITTWER DANIEL J. , SHRESTHA HEMANTA 
Published: February 2013

AbstractMetabolic assessment of a non‐human primate model of metabolic syndrome and obesity requires the necessary biomarkers specific to the species. While the rhesus monkey has a number of specific assays for assessing metabolic syndrome, the marmoset does not. Furthermore, the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) has a small blood volume that necessitates using a single blood volume for multiple analyses. The common marmoset holds a great potential as an alternative primate model for the study of human disease but assay methods need to be developed and validated for the biomarkers of metabolic syndrome. Here we report on the adaptation, development, and validation of commercially available immunoassays for common marmoset samples in small volumes. We have performed biological validations for insulin, adiponectin, leptin, and ghrelin to demonstrate the use of these biomarkers in examining metabolic syndrome and other related diseases in the common marmoset. Am. J. Primatol. 75:500‐508, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hydrogen‐Bonding‐Induced Polymorphous Phase Transitions in 2D Organic Nanostructures
Authors: Xu Li , Miao Xinrui , Zha Bao , Deng Wenli 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe 2D self‐assembly of various 2‐hydroxy‐7‐alkoxy‐9‐fluorenone (HAF) molecules has been investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) at the liquid/solid interface. A systematic study revealed that HAF molecules with different numbers of carbon atoms in their alkoxy chains could form two or three different kinds of nanostructures, that is, less‐ordered, flower‐like, and zig‐zag patterns, owing to the formation of different types of intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The observed structural transition was found to be driven by molecular thermodynamics, surface diffusion, and the voltage pulse that was applied to the STM tip. The zig‐zag pattern was the most stable of these configurations. An odd–even effect on the flower‐like structure, as induced by the odd and even number of carbon atoms in the side chain, was observed by STM. The influence of the odd–even effect on the melting point has a close relationship with the molecular self‐assembled pattern. Our results are significant for understanding the influence of hydrogen‐bonding interactions on the dominant adsorption behavior on the surface and provide a new visual approach for observing the influence of the odd–even effect on the phase transition.
Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Doubly β‐to‐β Bridged Cyclic ZnII Porphyrin Arrays
Authors: Hao Qingshan , Zeng Yi , Yu Tianjun , Chen Jinping , Yang Guoqiang , Li Yi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA series of doubly β‐to‐β bridged cyclic ZnII porphyrin arrays were prepared by a stepwise Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction of borylated ZnII porphyrin with different bridge groups. The coupling of the building block of β,β′‐diboryl ZnII porphyrin 1 with different bridges provided the doubly β‐to‐β carbazole‐bridged ZnII porphyrin array 3, the fluorene‐bridged ZnII porphyrin array 5, the fluorenone‐bridged ZnII porphyrin array 7, and the three‐carbazole‐bridged ZnII porphyrin ring 8. The structural assignment of 3 was confirmed by the X‐ray diffraction analysis, which revealed a highly symmetrical and remarkably bent syn‐form structure. The incorporation of bridge units with different electronic effects results in different photophysical properties of the cyclic ZnII porphyrin arrays. Comprehensive photophysical studies demonstrate that the electron‐withdrawing bridge fluorenone has the largest electronic interaction with the ZnII porphyrin unit among the series, thus resulting in the highest two‐photon absorption cross‐section values (σ(2)) of 6570±60 GM for 7. The present work provides a new strategy for developing porphyrin‐based optical materials.
A toolbox for generating single‐stranded DNA in optical tweezers experiments
Authors: Candelli Andrea , Hoekstra Tjalle P. , Farge Geraldine , Gross Peter , Peterman Erwin J. G. , Wuite Gijs J. L. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTEssential genomic transactions such as DNA‐damage repair and DNA replication take place on single‐stranded DNA (ssDNA) or require specific single‐stranded/double‐stranded DNA (ssDNA/dsDNA) junctions (SDSJ). A significant challenge in single‐molecule studies of DNA–protein interactions using optical trapping is the design and generation of appropriate DNA templates. In contrast to dsDNA, only a limited toolbox is available for the generation of ssDNA constructs for optical tweezers experiments. Here, we present several kinds of DNA templates suitable for single‐molecule experiments requiring segments of ssDNA of several kilobases in length. These different biotinylated dsDNA templates can be tethered between optically trapped microspheres and can, by the subsequent use of force‐induced DNA melting, be converted into partial or complete ssDNA molecules. We systematically investigated the time scale and efficiency of force‐induced melting at different ionic strengths for DNA molecules of different sequences and lengths. Furthermore, we quantified the impact of microspheres of different sizes on the lifetime of ssDNA tethers in optical tweezers experiments. Together, these experiments provide deeper insights into the variables that impact the production of ssDNA for single molecules studies and represent a starting point for further optimization of DNA templates that permit the investigation of protein binding and kinetics on ssDNA. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 99:611–620, 2013.
President's page
Authors: Dillon Andrew 
Published: February 2013

AbstractEditor's SummaryWith overwhelming support for the proposed name change to the Association for Information Science & Technology, the Society is pursuing implementation efforts. Updating a name is one in a range of changes many professional societies are undergoing, as observed at the Council of Scientific Society Presidents (CSSP) annual meeting in December 2012. Two shared concerns were evident. In response to dwindling publication revenues that threaten each organization's fiscal stability, a consortium approach was proposed that would handle the mechanics of publishing and provide negotiating strength and capacity through numbers. Attendees also discussed predatory practices in conference organization, with similarly named alternative conventions timed to compete with established conferences. The ambiguity creates confusion and can divert presenters and attendees from recognized top‐tier meetings. A key lesson from the CSSP meeting was the need to build relationships with other societies and the disciplines affected by information science and technology.
Third ASIS&T student design competition: The “truthiness” challenge
Authors: Schwartz Candy 
Published: February 2013

AbstractEditor's SummaryFor the third year, students attending the ASIS&T Annual Meeting were invited to compete in a design challenge, this time focusing on “truthiness.” The task was to devise a user opinion site that would distinguish fake reviews from valid and trustworthy ones. Students settled into four teams, based partly on the similarity of their shoes, and chose topics for their sites. Over two days, grabbing time between conference sessions, the teams gathered to plot out aspects of their site including system architecture, input and output features and user interaction. Teams then described the hypothetical sites to a panel of four judges, who considered creativity, impact on the problem, feasibility, contribution to humanity and quality of the presentation. As members of the winning team of Pratt + S. Carolina + Mizzou, Matt Miller, Jeff Mixer, Ben Richardson, Dinara Saparova, Andy Steinitz and Yao Zhang will receive free registration for the 2013 ASIS&T Annual Meeting in Montreal.
ASIS&T online education initiatives: Driving the future
Authors: Rasmussen Diane M. , Smith Linda C. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractEditor's SummarySIG/ED sponsored a panel at the 2012 ASIS&T Annual Meeting to review the Society's web educational efforts and explore promising future options. By late 2012 ASIS&T had presented nearly 40 webinars. A Webinar Task Force studied using web conferencing to raise the association's visibility and found the format to be popular and worth expanding. Considering other modalities, the Online Education Task Force concluded that ASIS&T should develop a unified online platform to support a variety of web‐based events and communication forums. During the panel session, trends in online education were discussed, including the use of Learning Management Systems that support webinars as well as blogs, social networks, discussion boards and other interaction channels for an online learning community. Panel attendees offered numerous additional suggestions including member preference surveys, collaborating with other organizations and repackaging webinar content. A follow‐up task force will take a holistic look at the association's web presence, and members are invited to submit their ideas.
ASIS&T annual meeting pre‐conference activities: Evolving and emerging research methods: 2012 ASIS&T SIG/USE symposium
Authors: Mon Lorri , Williamson Jeanine 
Published: February 2013

AbstractEditor's SummarySIG/USE celebrated members' work and achievements in research methods at the 2012 ASIS&T Annual Meeting through a keynote speech, brief talks and awards. In her opening talk, professor Lisa Given challenged attendees to expand research methods to engage participants more fully, include qualitative findings and explore information behavior in nontraditional media. The topics of two‐minute lightning talks ranged from research techniques for exploring young people's information behavior to imaging brain activity related to relevance decisions. Others addressed incorporating mobile technologies in research, collaborative search, direct interaction with participants in contrast with background server log checks and working with data collections from social Q&A sites. Following the talks, small group discussions further explored topics such as cognitive approaches, content analysis and text analytics and usability. The symposium wound to a close with the 2011 Elfreda A. Chatman Research Award presentation on information strategies of the homeless and a preview of the 2012 proposed study on refugees' information seeking. Additional awards were presented for best paper and poster to support travel and further presentations. Pertti Vakkari was recognized for outstanding contributions to information behavior research and was inducted into the SIG/USE Academy of Fellows.
ASIS&T annual meeting pre‐conference activities: From vision to reality: The emerging information professional
Authors: Hirsh Sandra 
Published: February 2013

AbstractEditor's SummaryAt a panel organized by the Information Professionals Task Force for the 2012 ASIS&T Annual Meeting, several respected leaders in the field shared insights about how to move the profession forward. Gary Marchionini conveyed observations from an earlier symposium including recognition of common values and the social mission of the profession, changing economic models affecting organizations and the need to focus on problem solving instead of narrow disciplines. Michele Cloonan outlined factors likely to affect new graduates entering the profession, such as the growing interaction among formerly distinct segments of the information world, global networking, a greater focus on data curation and attention to leadership development. Though hurricane Sandy thinned the panel of recruiters of information professionals, Allen Tien of MDLogix noted problem solving, communication and continual learning among the skills and competencies he looks for. A focal point in the follow‐up discussion was the difficulty recent graduates have finding jobs; panelists pointed to opportunities in nontraditional information environments.
Child Maltreatment and Household Dysfunction in a British Birth Cohort
Authors: Denholm Rachel , Power Chris , Thomas Claudia , Li Leah 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn this article, we assess the prevalence of child maltreatments, their co‐occurrence and associations with household dysfunction in a large population cohort. Information from the 1958 British birth cohort on childhood abuse, neglect and household dysfunction recorded at 45 years and during childhood was used. Prevalence was calculated in three samples: individuals with each measure (n = 9310–15 583); 45‐year‐old participants (n = 9310); and all surviving to 45 years (n = 17 313) includes imputed data. A cumulative neglect score was derived. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was applied to establish the co‐occurrence of maltreatments. In the three samples, 14.2 to 17.1 per cent of participants reported any form of abuse: psychological (10.0–12.5%), physical (6.1–9.0%), sexual (1.6–2.9%) and witnessing abuse (6.0–8.5%). A high neglect score (≥ 3; prevalence 25.9–32.1%) was positively associated with any form of abuse (30% increase/unit). LCA identified 8.2 per cent of participants at risk of both abuse and neglect, and 24.9 per cent at high risk of neglect ‘only’. Measures of household dysfunction were associated with all types of child maltreatment, particularly with abuse and neglect. Approximately one‐third of this population sample showed a high risk of child maltreatment; over one in ten reported any form of abuse. Those from dysfunctional family backgrounds were particularly vulnerable to both child abuse and neglect. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.‘Those from dysfunctional family backgrounds were particularly vulnerable to both child abuse and neglect’Key Practitioner Messages

What Is Known
Child abuse and neglect are common and likely to co‐occur.
Measures of household dysfunction are associated with child maltreatment.

What This Study Adds
Child maltreatments co‐occur in the 1958 cohort: one in three had an increased risk of neglect, and of these 25 per cent were at risk of abuse.
Individuals from dysfunctional family backgrounds were at an increased risk of maltreatments in childhood.
Dysfunctional family background was more strongly associated with abuse and neglect together than neglect alone.
Grading the Graded Care Profile
Authors: Sen Robin , Lister Pam Green , Rigby Paul , Kendrick Andrew 
Published: February 2013

This paper presents some of the key findings of a study investigating the introduction of the Graded Care Profile (GCP) – a tool used in the assessment of child neglect – in one Scottish local authority where neglect is the primary reason for which nearly half of all children are placed on the Child Protection Register. The findings suggest that while there are some advantages to the use of the GCP there are also a number of significant questions about previous claims made about its objectivity and value‐neutrality, its user‐friendliness and its ability to generate good partnership working with parents, particularly where there are substantive disagreements about the quality of care. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.‘While there are some advantages to the use of the GCP there are also a number of significant questions’Key Practitioner Messages:The GCP is used to identify and respond to neglect.This study examined the perspectives of parents and practitioners about the GCP in one Scottish area.It found a favourable response to the way that the GCP breaks down the parenting task into more specific areas.Identified difficulties included the abstract language in the GCP and positive parental engagement where there were substantive disagreements about the quality of care.
Improved Conformational Stability of the Visual G Protein‐Coupled Receptor Rhodopsin by Specific Interaction with Docosahexaenoic Acid Phospholipid
Authors: Sánchez‐Martín Maria Jesús , Ramon Eva , Torrent‐Burgués Juan , Garriga Pere 
Published: February 2013

AbstractRhodopsin is the photoreceptor located in the rod cells of the retina. It has seven transmembrane helices and is a prototypic member of the G protein‐coupled receptor superfamily. The structures and functions of these receptors are clearly affected by the lipid composition of the cell membrane, and their study in a purified recombinant form is usually performed in detergent solution. There is a need to study these receptors in a physiologically relevant environment because the lipid environment is known to have an important effect on their function. In this work, rhodopsin reconstituted in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) liposomes is shown to have more thermal stability than when it is solubilised with the neutral detergent dodecyl maltoside. Moreover, the specific interaction between rhodopsin and DHA was followed by means of Langmuir experiments with insertion of rhodopsin into lipid monolayers; this showed high affinity for the lipid–receptor interaction. Furthermore, fluorescence spectroscopy measurements indicate that the conformation of opsin obtained after photobleaching is preserved in DHA‐containing liposomes, thereby allowing retinal to re‐enter the binding pocket even long after bleaching. Overall, our results demonstrate that liposomes of this specific lipid provide a more stable environment for ground‐state inactive rhodopsin in the dark, than dodecyl maltoside detergent, and that this lipid can also preserve the native correctly folded ligand‐free opsin conformation obtained after illumination. This strategy will be used in further studies on mutations of rhodopsin associated with congenital retinopathies.
Alanine Scan of the Peptide Antibiotic Feglymycin: Assessment of Amino Acid Side Chains Contributing to Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Hänchen Anne , Rausch Saskia , Landmann Benjamin , Toti Luigi , Nusser Antje , Süssmuth Roderich D. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe antibiotic feglymycin is a linear 13‐mer peptide synthesized by the bacterium Streptomyces sp. DSM 11171. It mainly consists of the nonproteinogenic amino acids 4‐hydroxyphenylglycine and 3,5‐dihydroxyphenylglycine. An alanine scan of feglymycin was performed by solution‐phase peptide synthesis in order to assess the significance of individual amino acid side chains for biological activity. Hence, 13 peptides were synthesized from di‐ and tripeptide building blocks, and subsequently tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus strains. Furthermore we tested the inhibition of peptidoglycan biosynthesis enzymes MurA and MurC, which are inhibited by feglymycin. Whereas the antibacterial activity is significantly based on the three amino acids D‐Hpg1, L‐Hpg5, and L‐Phe12, the inhibitory activity against MurA and MurC depends mainly on L‐Asp13. The difference in the position dependence for antibacterial activity and enzyme inhibition suggests multiple molecular targets in the modes of action of feglymycin.
Synthesis of 2‐Azulenyl‐1,1,4,4‐tetracyano‐3‐ferrocenyl‐1,3‐butadienes by [2+2] Cycloaddition of (Ferrocenylethynyl)azulenes with Tetracyanoethylene
Authors: Shoji Taku , Ito Shunji , Okujima Tetsuo , Morita Noboru 
Published: February 2013

Abstract1‐, 2‐, and 6‐(Ferrocenylethynyl)azulene derivatives 10–16 have been prepared by palladium‐catalyzed alkynylation of ethynylferrocene with the corresponding haloazulenes under Sonogashira–Hagihara conditions. Compounds 10–16 reacted with tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) in a [2+2] cycloaddition–cycloreversion reaction to afford the corresponding 2‐azulenyl‐1,1,4,4,‐tetracyano‐3‐ferrocenyl‐1,3‐butadiene chromophores 17–23 in excellent yields. The redox behavior of the novel azulene chromophores 17–23 was examined by using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), which revealed their multistep electrochemical reduction properties. Moreover, a significant color change was observed by visible spectroscopy under electrochemical reduction conditions.