bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Goal Setting and Monetary Incentives: When Large Stakes Are Not Enough
Authors: Corgnet Brice , Gómez-Miñambres Joaquín , Hernán-González Roberto 
Published: March 2015

The aim of this paper is to test the effectiveness of wage-irrelevant goal-setting policies in a laboratory environment. In our design, managers can assign a goal to their workers by setting a certain level of performance on the work task. We establish our theoretical conjectures by developing a model in which assigned goals act as reference points to workers’ intrinsic motivation. Consistent with our model, we find that managers set goals that are challenging but attainable for a worker of average ability. Workers respond to these goals by increasing effort and performance and by decreasing on-the-job leisure activities with respect to the no-goal-setting baseline. Finally, we study the interaction between goal setting and monetary rewards and find, in line with our theoretical model, that goal setting is most effective when monetary incentives are strong. These results suggest that goal setting may produce intrinsic motivation and increase workers’ performance beyond what is achieved by using solely monetary incentives. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.2068 . This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
‘I will make a difference’–training caregivers to improve the hearing of adults with learning disabilities
Authors: McShea Lynzee 
Published: March 2015

People with learning disabilities are at a higher risk of hearing loss, but are less likely to have this diagnosed or managed. Although the reasons are varied, poor caregiver awareness is commonly mentioned. Training has often been suggested as a method to increase knowledge, although there are few studies in the literature, and it has been difficult to demonstrate change to practice as a result of training. This project worked with caregivers collaboratively, to design and implement training to meet their needs and the needs of those they support. The result was an increase in knowledge and a transformation of knowledge to action. Although this meant some individuals were referred to secondary care, it also highlighted certain barriers in primary care that must now be investigated.
Shaping the future assistant/associate practitioner workforce: a Hampshire case study
Authors: Knight Anneyce , Parker Jan , Carmichael Helen , Esser Anita , Aspden Clare 
Published: March 2015

This case study looks at the two-year, full-time-equivalent foundation degree (science) in health and social care (FdScH&SC), initially developed in partnership between University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and Southampton Solent University, Hampshire, UK. The aim of this collaborative initiative is to develop healthcare support workers to gain and apply the required knowledge, skills, values and behaviours to care for patients/families/other service users and relatives in complex clinical situations, within the emerging role descriptors of an assistant/associate practitioner (AP), often within a specialist/specified context. Since the initial cohort of students began in January 2012, the foundation degree now has over 100 students/healthcare support workers (HCSWs) across the two years and is being delivered in partnership with an increasing number of NHS trusts. This paper will discuss the innovative and unique features of this foundation degree in health and social care, including the collaborative model of its curriculum design, delivery and management.
Thermographic mapping of the abdomen in healthy subjects and patients after enterostoma
Authors: Siah C.J.R. , Childs C. 
Published: March 2015

Objective: Heat is a sign and symptom of surgical wound infection in wound assessment criteria but there is currently no diagnostic tool being used in clinical practice to assess the skin temperature of surgical wounds. Using thermal imaging, the objective of this study was to map the temperature of the healing surgical wound and to provide confirmatory data of: a) optimum IR imaging distance from skin temperature target field of view (FOV) b) body composition effects on abdominal skin surface temperature readings c) thermal mapping characteristics of infected versus non-infected wounds post stoma-closure. Method: The abdominal skin surface temperature of healthy, afebrile subjects was measured under controlled, ambient conditions in a small (240cm x 320cm) clinical room. Subject standing positions were 30cm, 60cm and 100cm from the IR camera. Abdominal skin surface temperature and thermal imaging maps were acquired in a population of surgical patients before and after closure of enterostoma. Results: Subjects (30) aged 19–52 (median=29) years were recruited. At a distance of 100cm, each of nine anatomical regions showed a decrease in mean temperature as BMI increased. Subjects with BMI >25 had lower mean abdominal temperatures. Statistically significant differences were observed for right hypochondrium (p=0.022), left lumbar region (p=0.009), right lumbar region (p=0.010) and the umbilical region (p=0.021). Half of patients (5/10) developed surgical wound infection. Conclusion: Within the operating distances investigated, no significant effect on abdominal temperature readings was observed. With increasing BMI, lower abdominal temperatures were noted. The thermal pattern of abdominal surgical wounds reveals some differences between the healing and infected wound. Healing wounds showed changes in the thermal ‘map’; an increase in temperature on the first post-operative day, and ‘warming’ over the subsequent five days. ‘Cold spots’ emerged on the thermogram of the surgical wounds which subsequently were shown to be infected. Within the setting of a clinical environment, distances up to 100cm did not significantly alter skin temperature readings within the FOV. There is a suggestion that body composition influences skin temperature. Infected surgical wounds appear ‘colder’ than healing wounds. Declaration of interest: The authors have no conflict or interest. The work was supported by a grant from the SingHealth Foundation.
Comparative study of two antimicrobial dressings in infected leg ulcers: a pilot study
Authors: Mosti G. , Magliaro A. , Mattaliano V. , Picerni P. , Angelotti N. 
Published: March 2015

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of a microorganism-binding (MB) dressing with a silver-containing hydrofiber (SCH) dressing in controlling the bacterial loads of heavily colonised or locally infected chronic venous leg ulcers, before surgical management with homologous skin grafts. Method: A randomised comparative single centre study recruited patients presenting with hard-to-heal critically colonised or locally infected leg ulcers, who could be treated with skin grafting. Inclusion criteria included; ulcers of vascular aetiology, over 18 years old, a wound duration ≥6 months and ankle brachial index (ABPI) >0.6. Patients were randomly assigned to treatment with SCH dressings (Aquacel Ag) or MB dressing (Cutimed Sorbact). Dressings were changed daily over a four-day observation period, after which they were taken for a skin grafting procedure. Swab samples from ulcer beds were taken in order to quantify the bacterial load at inclusion (D0) and at the end of the observation period day 4 (D4). No antibiotics were administered before or during the evaluation period. Results: Both groups (n=20 SCH, n=20 MB) were similar in gender, age, pathophysiology (both had 15 patients with venous leg ulcers and 5 with arterial leg ulcers), ulcer surface, ulcer duration, treatment-related pain and initial bacterial load. Analysing bacterial load variation showed a significant reduction of bacterial burden at D4 in both groups. In the SCH group, we found an average bacterial load reduction of 41.6%, with an average reduction of 73.1% in the MB group (p< 0.00001). No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Our evaluation confirmed that MB and SCH dressings are effective in reducing the bacterial burden in critically colonised or locally infected chronic leg ulcers, without inducing adverse events, with MB dressings significantly more effective. Declaration of interest: There were no external sources of funding for this study. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Comparison of lipidocolloid and chlorhexidine-impregnated tulle gras dressings following microscopically controlled surgery
Authors: Hessam S. , Georgas D. , Sand M. , Kassa T. , Bruns N. , Bechara F.G. 
Published: March 2015

Objective: Modified microscopically controlled surgery (MCS) is a staged and margin-controlled excision; after MCS, the selection of an appropriate initial wound dressing plays an important role in wound healing. A wide range of dressings is available for temporary wound coverage; however, data comparing different types of wound dressings after MCS are lacking. The aim of this study was to compare two commonly used and commercially available types of wound dressings. Method: We assessed pain levels, wound adherence, bleeding upon dressing removal and signs of infection, with chlorhexidine-impregnated tulle gras and a lipidocolloid dressing used for primary wound dressing following MCS. Results: A total of 42 patients were included. Adherence of the dressing to the wound (p<0.001) and bleeding after removal (p=0.001) were significantly higher in the chlorhexidine-impregnated tulle gras dressing group. Pain during removal of wound dressing had a higher visual analogue scale score (1.9 ± 2.2) in the chlorhexidine-impregnated tulle gras dressing group compared to 0.7 ± 1.0 in the lipidocolloid dressing group (p=0.022). Conclusion: The results indicate that the lipidocolloid dressing, when compared with the chlorhexidine-impregnated tulle gras dressing, offers a significant benefit during removal in terms of less pain, less wound adherence and less wound bleeding. Declaration of interest: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
Safety and efficacy of active Leptospermum honey in neonatal and paediatric wound debridement
Authors: Amaya R. 
Published: March 2015

Objective: Safety is a critically important factor in the selection of products used in neonatal and paediatric wound care. Given the lack of standardisation of neonatal and paediatric wound care protocols, the goal of this study was to present data on the safety and efficacy of active Leptospermum honey (ALH) in this patient population. Method: A multicentre, retrospective chart review was conducted at eight inpatient facilities and one outpatient clinic between October 2011 and March 2014. The number of applications of ALH, adverse events, and the success of debridement and wound healing were recorded. Results: Data were collected on 115 neonatal and paediatric patients, with 121 wounds requiring debridement, treated with ALH. Patients were treated for an average of 18.7 days. ALH was well tolerated, with two (1.7%) patients reporting adverse events involving a transient stinging sensation on application, which did not prohibit additional applications of ALH. Successful debridement was achieved in 86.0% (104 wounds), and 77.7% (94 wounds) were successfully closed using nonsurgical intervention. Outcomes in neonates were similar to the overall paediatric population, with 86.1% (31/36) wounds successfully debrided with no adverse events. In a subset of six patients with available pre- and post-treatment data, no clinically meaningful changes in white blood cell counts or glucose levels were associated with the initiation of treatment with ALH. Conclusion: The results of this study support ALH as a safe and effective treatment option in this group of patients. Declaration of interest: This study was supported by a grant from Derma Sciences (Princeton, NJ USA). Dr Amaya is a paid speaker for Derma Sciences.
Mystische Reimverse mit Kommentar
Authors: Gottschall Dagmar 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The paper presents mystical rhyme verses preserved on page 153a–b of the manuscript Einsiedeln, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. 278 from the 14th century. The verses, which have never been discussed before, follow the preceding mystical poem ›Ein meister der seit vns das wesen blos‹ in terms of content. However, they are separated from the poem by two aphorisms in prose attributed to a master. In the following paper the newly found rhyme verses are edited and interpreted in the context of the poem ›Ein meister der seit vns das wesen blos‹ and the two aphorisms of the master.
A method for stereoscopic strain analysis of the right ventricle by digital image correlation during coronary bypass surgery: short communication
Authors: Mirow Nikolas , Hokka Mikko , Nagel Horst , Irqsusi Marc , Moosdorf Rainer G. , Kuokkala Veli-Tapani , Vogt Sebastian 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPerioperative cardiosurgical management of volume therapy remains one of the challenging tasks in cases of patients with severe heart disease. Early detection of congestive cardiac failure prevents subsequent low output and worse outcome. An effective method for controlling extracorporeal circulation is created by developing a non-invasive intraoperative method for right ventricular strain analysis through digital image contrast correlation.
Elevations of inflammatory markers PTX3 and sST2 after resuscitation from cardiac arrest are associated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and early death
Authors: Ristagno Giuseppe , Varpula Tero , Masson Serge , Greco Marta , Bottazzi Barbara , Milani Valentina , Aleksova Aneta , Sinagra Gianfranco , Assandri Roberto , Tiainen Marjaana , Vaahersalo Jukka , Kurola Jouni , Barlera Simona , Montanelli Alessandro , Latini Roberto , Pettilä Ville , Bendel Stepani , Skrifvars Markus B. , for the FINNRESUSCI Study Group  
Published: March 2015

AbstractA systemic inflammatory response is observed after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We investigated two novel inflammatory markers, pentraxin 3 (PTX3) and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), in comparison with the classic high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), for prediction of early multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), early death, and long-term outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.PTX3, sST2, and hsCRP were assayed at ICU admission and 48 h later in 278 patients. MODS was defined as the 24 h non-neurological Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score ≥12. Intensive care unit (ICU) death and 12-month Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) were evaluated.In total, 82% of patients survived to ICU discharge and 48% had favorable neurological outcome at 1 year (CPC 1 or 2). At ICU admission, median plasma levels of hsCRP (2.8 mg/L) were normal, while levels of PTX3 (19.1 ng/mL) and sST2 (117 ng/mL) were markedly elevated. PTX3 and sST2 were higher in patients who developed MODS (p<0.0001). Admission levels of PTX3 and sST2 were also higher in patients who died in ICU and in those with an unfavorable 12-month neurological outcome (p<0.01). Admission levels of PTX3 and sST2 were independently associated with subsequent MODS [OR: 1.717 (1.221–2.414) and 1.340, (1.001–1.792), respectively] and with ICU death [OR: 1.536 (1.078–2.187) and 1.452 (1.064–1.981), respectively]. At 48 h, only sST2 and hsCRP were independently associated with ICU death.Higher plasma levels of PTX3 and sST2, but not of hsCRP, at ICU admission were associated with higher risk of MODS and early death.
Active Noise Control Experiments using Sound Energy Flu
Authors: Krause Uli 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis paper reports on the latest results concerning the active noise control approach using net flow of acoustic energy. The test set-up consists of two loudspeakers simulating the engine noise and two smaller loudspeakers which belong to the active noise system. The system is completed by two acceleration sensors and one microphone per loudspeaker. The microphones are located in the near sound field of the loudspeakers. The control algorithm including the update equation of the feed-forward controller is introduced. Numerical simulations are performed with a comparison to a state of the art method minimising the radiated sound power. The proposed approach is experimentally validated.
A Novel Anti-Stealth Technique Based on Stratospheric Balloon-Borne Radar in Heterogeneous Environments
Authors: Barbary Mohamed , Zong Peng 
Published: March 2015

AbstractRadar cross section (RCS) of a stealth target model like F-117A can be improved by multichannel stratospheric balloon-borne bistatic radar at higher aspect angle. The potential problem is that the stealth target may produce range walk in clutter heterogeneous environments, thus it is difficult to determine the range ambiguity under quadratic range cell migration (QRCM). In this paper, a novel detection technique known as hybrid modified fractional-radon Fourier transform (MFrRFT) and knowledge-aided space–time adaptive processes (KA-STAP) is proposed to impact this kind of problem simultaneously. KA-STAP is applied to suppress the non-homogeneous clutter in the received data, and MFrRFT is used to eliminate the QRCM along with the second-order keystone transform (SOKT), so as to estimate the range ambiguity and compensate the stealth target’s range walk. The hybrid MFrRFT/KA-STAP scheme is simple and applicable to the small RCS of fast stealth target with a long-time coherent integration. Finally, to achieve high accuracy of locating stealth target, a non-parametric detection technique based on Legendre orthogonal polynomials is applied to reconstruct the probability density function (pdf) of real RCS data predicted by physical optics (PO) approximation method.
Experimental Tests with Rice Straw on a Conical Square-Based Spouted Bed Reactor
Authors: Moliner Cristina , Curti Massimo , Bosio Barbara , Arato Elisabetta , Rovero Giorgio 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
A spouting bed reactor using rice straw as feedstock for further gasification purposes was studied in the present work. Experimental fluid dynamic tests were carried out in a conical square-based spouted bed reactor using a mixture of straw and silica, the latter acting as inert material. The influence of the initial bed of particles and the presence of coarse particles in the mixture on the pressure drop and minimum spouting velocity were evaluated. As a result, lower values of pressure drop along the bed were found compared to conventional fluidisation processes. Higher initial bed heights and higher percentage of straw in the mixture resulted in higher values of pressure drop and minimum spouting velocity. A new correlation for a cross section spouted bed reactor was proposed for the prediction of the minimum spouting velocity.
The Last Decade of Digital Preservation: A Personal View from Australia
Authors: Harvey Ross 
Published: March 2015

Abstract In 2003 an international survey described digital preservation in Australia in these words: “For a country with a relatively small population, Australia has a relatively large number of leading-edge online projects across all sectors.” Is this still the case in 2014? This paper gives a personal view of the current state of digital preservation in Australia and examines what we have learned since 2003 to answer this question; it then notes what we still need to learn about digital preservation-in particular, the activities of the National Library of Australia and of the key roles that research and collaboration play in digital preservation are noted.
Bond-Fatigue Behavior of Bonded Concrete Overlay
Authors: Kim Young Kyu , Lee Seung Woo 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Bonded concrete overlays have a structural advantage over unbonded concrete overlays when the overlay and the existing pavement layer behave as a monolithic layer. Therefore, it is important to ensure suitable bond strength between the two layers. Many studies have specified the bond-strength criteria for the construction of bonded concrete overlays based on a monotonic load as pull off test. However, cyclic stress at the interface of bonded concrete overlay layer occurs by the repetition of traffic loading and environmental loading caused by daily temperature changes. In this study, a strategic test procedure is developed to investigate potential bond failures caused by cyclic loading, and a bond-fatigue equation for a bonded concrete overlay was suggested. The test results indicate that early distress in bonded concrete overlay may arise because of a bond failure if the bond stress at the interface exceeds 90 % of the bond strength.
Aqueous Alteration in Martian Meteorites
Authors: Velbel Michael A. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Many of the minerals observed or inferred to occur in the sediments and sedimentary rocks of Mars, from a variety of Mars-mission spacecraft data, also occur in Martian meteorites. Even Martian meteorites recovered after some exposure to terrestrial weathering can preserve preterrestrial evaporite minerals and useful information about aqueous alteration on Mars, but the textures and textural contexts of such minerals must be examined carefully to distinguish preterrestrial evaporite minerals from occurrences of similar minerals redistributed or formed by terrestrial processes. Textural analysis using terrestrial microscopy provides strong and compelling evidence for preterrestrial aqueous alteration products in a number of Martian meteorites. Occurrences of corroded primary rock-forming minerals and alteration products in meteorites from Mars cover a range of ages of mineral–water interaction, from ca. 3.9 Ga (approximately mid-Noachian), through one or more episodes after ca. 1.3 Ga (approximately mid–late Amazonian), through the last half billion years (late Amazonian alteration in young shergottites), to quite recent. These occurrences record broadly similar aqueous corrosion processes and formation of soluble weathering products over a broad range of times in the paleoenvironmental history of the surface of Mars.
Many of the same minerals (smectite-group clay minerals, Ca-sulfates, Mg-sulfates, and the K-Fe–sulfate jarosite) have been identified both in the Martian meteorites and from remote sensing of the Martian surface. This suggests that both kinds of samples—Martian meteorites and Mars’ surface rocks, regolith, and soils—were altered under broadly similar conditions. Temporarily and locally occurring but likely stagnant aqueous solutions reacted quickly with basaltic/mafic/ultramafic minerals at low water–rock ratios. Solutes released by primary mineral weathering precipitated locally on Mars as cation-rich clays and evaporite minerals, rather than being leached away, as on Earth.
The main secondary host minerals for Fe differ between Martian meteorites and Mars’ surface materials. In Martian meteorites, sideritic–ankeritic carbonate is the predominant secondary host mineral for Fe, whereas in Mars’ surface materials, ferric oxides and ferric sulfates are the predominant secondary host minerals for Fe. Differences in the initial compositions of the altering solutions are implied, with carbonate/bicarbonate dominating in the solutions that altered Martian meteorites, and sulfate dominating the solutions that altered most Mars’surface materials. During impact on and ejection from Mars, Martian meteorites may have been exhumed from depths sufficient to have isolated them from large quantities of Mars’surface solutions. Pre-ejection weathering of the basaltic rocks occurred in grain-boundary fracture microenvironments at high pH values in aqueous solutions buffered by reactions with basalt minerals.