bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the timing of injection laryngoplasty for vocal fold paralysis in an attempt to avoid future type 1 thyroplasty
Authors: Alghonaim Yazeed , Roskies Michael , Kost Karen , Young Jonathan 
Published: March 2013

Objectives To determine whether immediate (less than 3 months from time of nerve injury), early (from 3 to 6 months from time of nerve injury) or late (more than 6 months from time of nerve injury) vocal fold injection influences the long-term outcomes for patients with permanent unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Methods A total of 250 patients with documented unilateral vocal fold paralysis were identified in this retrospective chart review. 66 patients met the inclusion criteria, having undergone awake trancervical injection with gelfoam™, collagen, perlane™ or a combination. Patients with documented recovery of vocal fold mobility, or patients with less than one year of follow-up after the onset of paralysis were excluded. Patients were stratified into immediate (<3 months), early (3-6 months) and late (>6 months) groups denoting the time from suspected injury to injection. The need for open surgery as determined by a persistently immobile vocal fold with insufficient glottic closure following injection was the primary outcome. Results 1 out of 21 (4.8%) in the immediate group, 2 out of 17 (11.8%) in the early group and 20 out of 28 (71.4%) in the late group required type 1 thyroplasty procedures to restore glottic competence. There was significance when comparing late injection to both early and immediate injection (p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were seen when comparing the number of injections needed to restore glottic competence. Conclusions This 10-year longitudinal assessment revealed that early medialization of a permanent paralyzed, abducted vocal fold with a temporary material appears to diminish the likelihood of requiring permanent laryngeal framework surgery.
Inhaled corticosteroid influence toll like receptor 2 expression in induced sputum from patients with COPD
Authors: Zhu Haixing , Shi Yuheng , Tang Wei , Shi Guocao , Wan Huanyin 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
The link between long-term ICS therapy and respiratory infection in COPD patients is controversial. We investigated the effect of long-term use of inhaled corticosteroid on Toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) expression in induced sputum from COPD patients.

Methods
51 patients were divided into two groups according to their treatment history: long-term ICS treatment group (patients who have used ICS (equivalent to Fluticasone Propionate (FP) ≥ 500 ug/day for more than 1 year) (n = 21) and ICS naive group (who have never routinely used ICS before, n = 29). In their induced sputum, we tested TLR2 extracellular and intracellular expression on macrophages using flowcytometry. TLR2 and tumor necrosis factor αmRNA expression were also evaluated by real-time PCR.

Results
TLR2 extracellular expression on the macrophages from induced sputum in long-term ICS treatment group was lower than the ICS naïve group (13.69% ± 1.17% vs 20.12% ± 4.37%, p = 0.019). TLR2 intracellular expression in the macrophages, the TLR2 and TNFαmRNA in the induced sputum also showed a trend towards decreased endpoint in ICS long-term treatment group compare to ICS naïve group but did not reach significance. TLR2 extracellular and TLR2 intracellular expression were strongly related (r = 0.645, p = P = 0.017) as well as TNFαmRNA and TLR2 mRNA expression (r = 0.894, p = 0.0001).

Conclusion
Long-term use of ICS may have negative influence on TLR2 expression in the airway of severe COPD patient.
ABVD in Older Patients With Early-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated Within the German Hodgkin Study Group HD10 and HD11 Trials
Authors: Böll Boris , Görgen Helen , Fuchs Michael , Pluetschow Annette , Eich Hans Theodor , Bargetzi Mario J. , Weidmann Eckhart , Junghanß Christian , Greil Richard , Scherpe Alexander , Schmalz Oliver , Eichenauer Dennis A. , von Tresckow Bastian , Rothe Achim , Diehl Volker , Engert Andreas , Borchmann Peter 
Published: March 2013

Purpose Older patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) account for approximately 20% of all HL patients. ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) chemotherapy is regarded as standard of care in these patients. However, little is known on feasibility and efficacy of ABVD in this age group. Patients and Methods We analyzed the feasibility and efficacy of four cycles of ABVD in older patients age 60 to 75 years with early-stage HL who were treated within the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG) HD10 and HD11 trials; results were compared with those of younger patients treated within these trials. Results In total, 1,299 patients received four cycles of ABVD, and 117 of those patients were older than age 60 years (median, 65 years). In 14% of older patients, treatment was not administered according to protocol, mainly because of excessive toxicity. The mean delay of treatment was twice as high in the older patients (2.2 v 1.2 weeks). Fifty-nine percent of older patients achieved a relative dose-intensity of at least 80% compared with 85% of younger patients. Major toxicity (WHO grade 3 and 4), including leucopenia, nausea, infection, and others, was documented in 68% of older patients with a treatment-related mortality of 5%. Complete response was achieved in 89% of older patients, 3% had progressive disease, and 11% relapsed. At a median observation time of 92 months, 28% of the patients had died, and the 5-year progression-free survival estimate was 75% (95% CI, 66% to 82%). Conclusion In patients age ≥ 60 years with HL, four cycles of ABVD is associated with substantial dose reduction, treatment delay, toxicity, and treatment-related mortality.
Bloomsbury report on mouse embryo phenotyping: recommendations from the IMPC workshop on embryonic lethal screening
Authors: Adams David , Baldock Richard , Bhattacharya Shoumo , Copp Andrew J. , Dickinson Mary , Greene Nicholas D. E. , Henkelman Mark , Justice Monica , Mohun Timothy , Murray Stephen A. , Pauws Erwin , Raess Michael , Rossant Janet , Weaver Tom , West David 
Published: March 2013

Summary
Identifying genes that are important for embryo development is a crucial first step towards understanding their many functions in driving the ordered growth, differentiation and organogenesis of embryos. It can also shed light on the origins of developmental disease and congenital abnormalities. Current international efforts to examine gene function in the mouse provide a unique opportunity to pinpoint genes that are involved in embryogenesis, owing to the emergence of embryonic lethal knockout mutants. Through internationally coordinated efforts, the International Knockout Mouse Consortium (IKMC) has generated a public resource of mouse knockout strains and, in April 2012, the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC), supported by the EU InfraCoMP programme, convened a workshop to discuss developing a phenotyping pipeline for the investigation of embryonic lethal knockout lines. This workshop brought together over 100 scientists, from 13 countries, who are working in the academic and commercial research sectors, including experts and opinion leaders in the fields of embryology, animal imaging, data capture, quality control and annotation, high-throughput mouse production, phenotyping, and reporter gene analysis. This article summarises the outcome of the workshop, including (1) the vital scientific importance of phenotyping embryonic lethal mouse strains for basic and translational research; (2) a common framework to harmonise international efforts within this context; (3) the types of phenotyping that are likely to be most appropriate for systematic use, with a focus on 3D embryo imaging; (4) the importance of centralising data in a standardised form to facilitate data mining; and (5) the development of online tools to allow open access to and dissemination of the phenotyping data.
Deciphering the Mechanisms of Developmental Disorders (DMDD): a new programme for phenotyping embryonic lethal mice
Authors: Mohun Timothy , Adams David J. , Baldock Richard , Bhattacharya Shoumo , Copp Andrew J. , Hemberger Myriam , Houart Corinne , Hurles Matt E. , Robertson Elizabeth , Smith James C. , Weaver Tom , Weninger Wolfgang 
Published: March 2013

Summary
International efforts to test gene function in the mouse by the systematic knockout of each gene are creating many lines in which embryonic development is compromised. These homozygous lethal mutants represent a potential treasure trove for the biomedical community. Developmental biologists could exploit them in their studies of tissue differentiation and organogenesis; for clinical researchers they offer a powerful resource for investigating the origins of developmental diseases that affect newborns. Here, we outline a new programme of research in the UK aiming to kick-start research with embryonic lethal mouse lines. The 'Deciphering the Mechanisms of Developmental Disorders' (DMDD) programme has the ambitious goal of identifying all embryonic lethal knockout lines made in the UK over the next 5 years, and will use a combination of comprehensive imaging and transcriptomics to identify abnormalities in embryo structure and development. All data will be made freely available, enabling individual researchers to identify lines relevant to their research. The DMDD programme will coordinate its work with similar international efforts through the umbrella of the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium [see accompanying Special Article (Adams et al., 2013)] and, together, these programmes will provide a novel database for embryonic development, linking gene identity with molecular profiles and morphology phenotypes.
Fluorescent Peptides Labeled with Environment-Sensitive 7-Aminocoumarins and Their Interactions with Lipid Bilayer Membranes and Living Cells
Authors: Murase Tokiko , Yoshihara Toshitada , Yamada Keiichi , Tobita Seiji 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The photophysical properties of protected nonnatural amino acids Boc–l-Dap(7DEAC)–OMe (7DEAC: 7-diethylaminocoumarin) and Boc–l-Dap(C343)–OMe (C343: coumarin 343) were investigated to evaluate the suitability of these amino acids as fluorescent units in peptide-based fluorescent biosensors. The absorption and fluorescence spectra of Boc–l-Dap(7DEAC)–OMe and Boc–l-Dap(C343)–OMe exhibited significant red shifts with increasing solvent polarity. The fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime of Boc–l-Dap(7DEAC)–OMe solutions decreased remarkably with increasing solvent polarity, whereas those of Boc–l-Dap(C343)–OMe were slightly affected by the solvent polarity. Fluorescent peptides H–Dap(7DEAC)–LLA–OMe (1), H–Dap(7DEAC)–KLA–OMe (2), and H–Dap(7DEAC)–ELA–OMe (3) labeled with environment-sensitive 7DEAC were synthesized to examine the interactions of these labeled peptides with lipid membranes and living cells. Neutral 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and anionic 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-[phospho-rac-(1-glycerol)] (DMPG) liposomes were used to investigate peptide–membrane interactions. Hydrophobic peptide 1 exhibited high affinities to both DMPC and DMPC/DMPG mixed membranes. Of the three peptides, cationic peptide 2 exhibited the strongest affinity to DMPC/DMPG membranes, whereas anionic peptide 3 showed a much lower affinity to DMPC/DMPG membranes. These results could be interpreted based on hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions between the peptides and membranes. Peptide 1 was efficiently internalized into HeLa cells, whereas peptides 2 and 3 showed a much lower intracellular delivery.
Inhibition of the Renin-Angiotensin System Reduces the Rise in Serum Aldosterone in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients with Preserved Left Ventricular Function: Observations from the AVANT GARDE-TIMI 43 Trial
Authors: Udell Jacob A , Morrow David A , Braunwald Eugene , Swedberg Karl , Bode Christoph , Rifai Nader , Brunel Patrick C , Prescott Margaret F , Ren Fang , Hoffman Elaine B , Scirica Benjamin M 
Published: March 2013

BACKGROUND
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) activates neurohormonal pathways, including elevations in circulating aldosterone, with deleterious cardiovascular effects. We aimed to determine if early, more complete renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibition (RAASI) in post-ACS patients without ventricular dysfunction or heart failure would result in a graded reduction in aldosterone concentrations.

METHODS
We performed serial measurement of serum aldosterone within the Aliskiren and Valsartan to Reduce NT-proBNP via Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-System Blockade (AVANT GARDE)–Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 43 trial, a randomized double-blind, placebo controlled trial of RAASI by valsartan, aliskiren, or both in post-ACS patients with preserved ventricular function but increased natriuretic peptides. Aldosterone was measured at randomization and week 8.

RESULTS
Median aldosterone concentrations were comparable across treatment arms at baseline (9.26 ng/dL; interquartile range 7.12–12.76; n = 1073). In the placebo group, there was a significant increase in aldosterone over 8 weeks (19.7% rise, 2.20 (0.36) ng/dL, P &lt; 0.0001) that was significantly reduced across active RAASI therapies (1.36 (0.39) ng/dL with aliskiren; 1.02 (0.37) ng/dL with valsartan; and 0.85 (0.37) ng/dL with combination therapy, P trend = 0.008). Compared to placebo, RAASI monotherapy resulted in a pooled relative absolute aldosterone change of −1.01 (0.45) ng/dL (P = 0.026 vs placebo), and combination therapy resulted in a relative absolute aldosterone change of −1.35 (0.52) ng/dL (P = 0.01 vs placebo). No significant difference in aldosterone concentrations was achieved between dual vs single RAASI (P = 0.47).

CONCLUSIONS
In ACS patients with preserved ventricular function but increased natriuretic peptides, serum aldosterone rises over time and is blunted by more complete RAASI. The clinical implications and role for RAASI in this population warrant further investigation.
CONFERENCE REVIEWS
Authors: Ashmore Nicola , Vaccari Alessandra 
Published: March 2013

CULTURES OF CURATING: CURATORIAL PRACTICES AND THE PRODUCTION OF MEANING 1650–2000 The Museums and Galleries History Group Conference, organized by Kate Hill, University of Lincoln, UK, 12–13 July 2012
DIANA VREELAND AFTER DIANA VREELAND Exhibition curated by Judith Clark
and Maria Luisa Frisa, Palazzo Fortuny, Venice, 10 March–25 June 2012
Laboratory study on the properties of plastering mortar modified by feather fibers
Authors: Cao Lintao , Shi Xianming , Liu Xuran , Wu Jianlin 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis laboratory study explores the development of plastering mortar modified by feather fibers, so as to lay the groundwork for utilizing poultry feathers in thermal-insulation materials and removing them from waste streams. The laboratory testing measured the consistency value, porosity, compressive strength and thermal conductivity of various cement mortar mixes as a function of feather fiber dosage. The experimental data were used to determine the appropriate weight fraction of feather fibers in the mortars for thermal insulation. The results indicate that the incorporation of feather fibers decreased the consistency value of fresh mortar and increased the surface roughness and porosity of hardened mortar. Under the investigated conditions, as the content of admixed fiber increased, both the compressive strength and thermal conductivity of hardened mortar decreased remarkably before leveling off. The desirable dosage of feather fibers falls in the range of 0.2–0.7% by mass of dry mixture.
Effect of mixing water types on the time-dependent zeta potential of Portland cement paste
Authors: Ersoy Bahri , Dikmen Sedef , Uygunoğlu Tayfun , İçduygu Mehmet Galip , Kavas Taner , Olgun Asım 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe measurement of zeta potential (ZP) has important applications in a wide range of industries including ceramics, pharmaceuticals, medicine, mineral processing, electronics, cement industry and water treatment. It provides new information on cement hydration, gel structure formation and the effects of chemical and mineral admixtures. In this study, ZP and pH measurements of Portland cement suspension prepared at wt% 1 cement/water ratio in the presence of four different types of waters, i.e., pure water, tap water, and salted (NaCl and CaCl2) water, were carried out depending on the time. Also, vicat tests of Portland cement pastes prepared at a water-to-cement ratio of 0.34 were performed. After the vicat tests, X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy investigations were performed on the samples. The most important result obtained from this study is that setting time and time-dependent ZP values of Portland cement paste have different values depending on the used mixing water type. Among the water types, water with CaCl2 gives the lowest ZP as absolute value, so this leads to minimum initial and final setting times for the cement paste prepared with this type of water.
The Impact of Parental Incarceration on the Physical and Mental Health of Young Adults
Authors: Lee Rosalyn D. , Fang Xiangming , Luo Feijun 
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVES:We investigated the relationship between parental incarceration history and young adult physical and mental health outcomes using Wave 1 and Wave 4 data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health.METHODS:Dependent variables included self-reported fair/poor health and health diagnoses. The independent variable was parental incarceration history. Cross-tabulations and logistic regression models were run.RESULTS:Positive, significant associations were found between parental incarceration and 8 of 16 health problems (depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, cholesterol, asthma, migraines, HIV/AIDS, and fair/poor health) in adjusted logistic regression models. Those who reported paternal incarceration had increased odds of 8 mental and physical health problems, whereas those who reported maternal incarceration had increased odds of depression. For paternal incarceration, with the exception of HIV/AIDS, larger associations were found for mental health (odds ratios range 1.43–1.72) as compared with physical health (odds ratios range 1.26–1.31) problems. The association between paternal incarceration and HIV/AIDs should be interpreted with caution because of the low sample prevalence of HIV/AIDs.CONCLUSIONS:This study suggests exposure to parental incarceration in childhood is associated with health problems in young adulthood. Extant literature suggests underlying mechanisms that link parental incarceration history to poor outcomes in offspring may include the lack of safe, stable, nurturing relationships and exposure to violence. To prevent poor health in offspring of the incarcerated, additional studies are needed to (1) confirm the aforementioned associations and (2) assess whether adverse experiences and violence exposure in childhood mediate the relationship between parental incarceration history and offspring health problems.
Pacifier Restriction and Exclusive Breastfeeding
Authors: Kair Laura R. , Kenron Daniel , Etheredge Konnette , Jaffe Arthur C. , Phillipi Carrie A. 
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE:
We tested the hypothesis that removing pacifiers from routine distribution in our mother-baby unit (MBU) would be associated with greater breastfeeding initiation or exclusivity during the birth hospitalization.

METHODS:
We retrospectively compared exclusive breastfeeding, breastfeeding plus supplemental formula feeding, and exclusive formula feeding rates for 2249 infants admitted to the MBU at our university teaching hospital during the 5 months before and 8 months after restriction of routine pacifier distribution. Formula supplementation, if not medically indicated, was discouraged per standard practice, but access to formula was not restricted.

RESULTS:
Of the 2249 infants, 79% were exclusively breastfed from July through November 2010, when pacifiers were routinely distributed. During the 8-month period after pacifier restriction, this proportion decreased significantly to 68% (P &lt; .001). A corresponding increase from 18% to 28% was observed in the number of breastfed infants receiving supplemental formula feeds in the same period (P &lt; .001). During the study period, the proportion of exclusively formula-fed infants increased from 1.8% to 3.4% (P &lt; .05).

CONCLUSIONS:
Restricting pacifier distribution during the newborn hospitalization without also restricting access to formula was associated with decreased exclusive breastfeeding, increased supplemental formula feeding, and increased exclusive formula feeding. Because high-quality, prospective medical literature addressing pacifier use and breastfeeding does not conclusively show an adverse relationship in women who are motivated to breastfeed, more studies are needed to help determine what effect, if any, pacifiers have on breastfeeding initiation and exclusivity in the immediate newborn period.
Racial Differences in Antibiotic Prescribing by Primary Care Pediatricians
Authors: Gerber Jeffrey S. , Prasad Priya A. , Localio A. Russell , Fiks Alexander G. , Grundmeier Robert W. , Bell Louis M. , Wasserman Richard C. , Rubin David M. , Keren Ron , Zaoutis Theoklis E. 
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE:To determine whether racial differences exist in antibiotic prescribing among children treated by the same clinician.METHODS:Retrospective cohort study of 1 296 517 encounters by 208 015 children to 222 clinicians in 25 practices in 2009. Clinical, antibiotic prescribing, and demographic data were obtained from a shared electronic health record. We estimated within-clinician associations between patient race (black versus nonblack) and (1) antibiotic prescribing or (2) acute respiratory tract infection diagnosis after adjusting for potential patient-level confounders.RESULTS:Black children were less likely to receive an antibiotic prescription from the same clinician per acute visit (23.5% vs 29.0%, odds ratio [OR] 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.72–0.77) or per population (0.43 vs 0.67 prescriptions/child/year, incidence rate ratio 0.64; 95% CI 0.63–0.66), despite adjustment for age, gender, comorbid conditions, insurance, and stratification by practice. Black children were also less likely to receive diagnoses that justified antibiotic treatment, including acute otitis media (8.7% vs 10.7%, OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.75–0.82), acute sinusitis (3.6% vs 4.4%, OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.73–0.86), and group A streptococcal pharyngitis (2.3% vs 3.7%, OR 0.60; 95% CI 0.55–0.66). When an antibiotic was prescribed, black children were less likely to receive broad-spectrum antibiotics at any visit (34.0% vs 36.9%, OR 0.88; 95% CI 0.82–0.93) and for acute otitis media (31.7% vs 37.8%, OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.68–0.83).CONCLUSIONS:When treated by the same clinician, black children received fewer antibiotic prescriptions, fewer acute respiratory tract infection diagnoses, and a lower proportion of broad-spectrum antibiotic prescriptions than nonblack children. Reasons for these differences warrant further study.