bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supplier Selection Behavior Under Uncertainty: Contextual and Cognitive Effects on Risk Perception and Choice
Authors: Kull Thomas J. , Oke Adegoke , Dooley Kevin J. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTBuyers often make supplier selection decisions under conditions of uncertainty. Although the analytical aspects of supplier selection are well developed, the psychological aspects are less so. This article uses supply chain management and behavioral decision theories to propose that attributes of the purchasing situation (category difficulty, category importance, and contingent pay) affect cognition that, in turn, affects a supply manager's choice. We conducted a supplier selection behavioral experiment with practicing managers to test the model's hypotheses. When the context involves an important or difficult sourcing category, higher risk perceptions exist that increase preference for a supplier with more certain outcomes, even when that choice has a lower expected payoff. However, the presence of contingent pay decreases risk perceptions through higher perceived supplier control. We also find that a manager's risk propensity increases preferences for a supplier with less certain outcomes regardless of perceived risk. Our model and results provide a theoretical framework for further study into the cognitive aspects of supplier selection behavior and provide insight into biases that influence practicing supply chain managers.
THE LABOR MARKET IN THE ART SECTOR OF BAROQUE ROME
Authors: Etro Federico , Marchesi Silvia , Pagani Laura 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe analyze the labor market for painters in Baroque Rome using unique data on primary sales of portraits, still lifes, genre paintings, landscapes, and figurative paintings. In line with the traditional artistic hierarchy of genres, average price differentials between them were high. The matched painter‐patron nature of the dataset allows us to evaluate the extent to which price heterogeneity is related to unobservable characteristics of painters and patrons. We find that the market allocated artists between artistic genres to the point of equalizing the marginal return of each genre. Residual price differences at the employer level can be explained in terms of incentive mechanisms to induce effort in the production of artistic quality and compensating wage differentials. (JEL C23, D8, J3, Z11)
Collateral projections from vestibular nuclear and inferior olivary neurons to lobules I/II and IX/X of the rat cerebellar vermis: a double retrograde labeling study
Authors: Lee Ray X. , Huang Jian‐Jia , Huang Chiming , Tsai Meng‐Li , Yen Chen‐Tung 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAxon collateral projections to various lobules of the cerebellar cortex are thought to contribute to the coordination of neuronal activities among different parts of the cerebellum. Even though lobules I/II and IX/X of the cerebellar vermis are located at the opposite poles in the anterior–posterior axis, they have been shown to receive dense vestibular mossy fiber projections. For climbing fibers, there is also a mirror‐image‐like organisation in their axonal collaterals between the anterior and posterior cerebellar cortex. However, the detailed organisation of mossy and climbing fiber collateral afferents to lobules I/II and IX/X is still unclear. Here, we carried out a double‐labeling study with two retrograde tracers (FluoroGold and MicroRuby) in lobules I/II and IX/X. We examined labeled cells in the vestibular nuclei and inferior olive. We found a low percentage of double‐labeled neurons in the vestibular nuclei (2.1 ± 0.9% of tracer‐labeled neurons in this brain region), and a higher percentage of double‐labeled neurons in the inferior olive (6.5 ± 1.9%), especially in its four small nuclei (18.5 ± 8.0%; including the β nucleus, dorsal cap of Kooy, ventrolateral outgrowth, and dorsomedial cell column), which are relevant for vestibular function. These results provide strong anatomical evidence for coordinated information processing in lobules I/II and IX/X for vestibular control.
An unknown quantity—The worldwide prevalence of epilepsy
Authors: Bell Gail S. , Neligan Aidan , Sander Josemir W. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryThe reported incidence (rate of new cases in a population) of epilepsy is consistently lower in high‐income than in lower‐income economies, whereas opinions vary regarding comparative prevalence rates (proportion of the population with epilepsy). For any condition that does not influence mortality, lifetime prevalence should approximate to the cumulative incidence. We suspected that epilepsy prevalence might be uniform throughout the world, whereas incidence is higher in resource‐poor countries. To test whether our suspicion was reasonable, we conducted a Medline search to estimate the prevalence of active and lifetime epilepsy in different economic areas throughout the world. We found that the range of estimated prevalence of epilepsy may be broadly similar throughout the world, but comparison is limited by lack of door‐to‐door studies in high‐income economies and by variations in the definitions of active epilepsy. We contend that any inconsistencies between incidence and prevalence are due largely to the excess premature death rate in people with epilepsy in lower‐income economies. Much of the variability in epidemiologic indices arises from differences in study methodology, definitions, and risk factors. The epidemiology of epilepsy, and particularly its mortality, needs thorough investigation using uniform definitions that do not include antiepileptic drug use; causes of death should be identified and actions, including treatment and education, should be taken to avoid preventable deaths.A PowerPoint slide summarizing this article is available for download in the Supporting Information section here.
Safety and effectiveness of long‐term treatment with diazepam auto‐injector administered by caregivers in an outpatient setting for the treatment of acute repetitive seizures
Authors: Rogin Joanne , Wheless James , Abou‐Khalil Bassel , Wolter Kevin D. , Pixton Glenn C. , Sherman Nancy A. , Shukla Rajesh B. , Roland Carl L. , Sommerville Kenneth W. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryObjectivePart 1 of this phase III study was a randomized, double‐blind, parallel‐group, placebo‐controlled, multicenter study of caregiver administered diazepam auto‐injector (AI) in subjects with acute repetitive seizures (ARS) and demonstrated that diazepam AI was well‐tolerated and significantly more effective than placebo AI in delaying the time to next seizure or rescue. Part 2 of this study, presented herein, was an open‐label continuation to assess the long‐term safety and effectiveness of diazepam AI for the treatment of ARS.MethodsOf the 234 subjects randomized in part 1, 161 continued into part 2 and were provided open‐label diazepam AI. Effectiveness measures were time to next seizure or rescue, number of subsequent rescues by type (rescue medication, emergency room visit, or other medical care), and number of subsequent seizures during the 12‐h follow‐up period. Safety data (adverse events and respirations <8/min) were also collected.ResultsDuring the open‐label part 2 study, 129 subjects were administered a total of 1,380 diazepam AI treatments (median 4.5; range 1–118), of which 1,071 (77.6%) were effective with no subsequent seizure or rescue during the 12‐h follow‐up period. Median number of subsequent seizures experienced by subjects was one (range 0–20). Of the 1,380 administrations, 79 (5.7%) required use of rescue medication, 18 (1.3%) required a visit to an emergency room, and 6 (0.4%) required other rescue medical care. In most (75%) of subjects with treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs), TEAEs were mild or moderate in severity. Commonly reported treatment‐related TEAEs were injection‐site pain (10.9%), injection‐site hemorrhage (7%), and injection‐site bruising (6.3%). Although three subjects met the predefined respiratory rate threshold, none were considered clinically significant or reported as AEs.SignificanceLong‐term treatment with diazepam AI administered by trained caregivers in an outpatient setting to treat ARS is a safe and effective option.A PowerPoint slide summarizing this article is available for download in the Supporting Information section here.
Automated versus manual hippocampal segmentation in preoperative and postoperative patients with epilepsy
Authors: Germeyan Sierra C. , Kalikhman David , Jones Lucy , Theodore William H. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryObjectiveTo compare manual and automated preoperative and postoperative hippocampal volume measurements in patients with intractable epilepsy.MethodsWe studied 34 patients referred to the Clinical Epilepsy Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH) for evaluation of intractable epilepsy and 21 normal volunteers who received 1.5 or 3 T GE Signa magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Hippocampal volumes were traced manually on each slice and assembled into three‐dimensional volumes by investigators who were blinded to other data. Automated volumetric measurements were obtained using FreeSurfer. Statistical analysis was performed with GraphPad Prism.ResultsAutomated hippocampal volumes were larger than manual volumes in both patients and normal volunteers (p < 0.05). Right to left hemisphere hippocampal ratio and percent of hippocampus resected did not differ significantly by segmentation method. It was not possible to obtain accurate total resection volumes with the automated method.SignificanceValues such as side‐to‐side ratio and percent resected may be more directly translatable between manual and automated methods than absolute measures of volume. Accurate determination of resection volumes is important for studies of the effects of surgery on both seizure control and postoperative neuropsychological deficits. Our preliminary data suggest that FreeSurfer may provide an accurate and simple method for quantitating hippocampal resections. However, it may be less valuable for large or extratemporal resections, or when distortions of normal anatomy are present.A PowerPoint slide summarizing this article is available for download in the Supporting Information section here.
Changes in quality of life after epilepsy surgery: The role of reprioritization response shift
Authors: Sajobi Tolulope T. , Fiest Kirsten M. , Wiebe Samuel 
Published: June 2014

SummaryObjectivesHealth‐related quality of life (HRQOL) is an important indicator of well‐being in patients with epilepsy. When assessing changes in HRQOL over time, some of the changes observed may be due to the patients' change in the internal standards, value, or meaning that they attribute to the HRQOL domain being measured, rather than actual change, a phenomenon known as response shift. Response shifts are increasingly recognized as an important explanation for the seemingly paradoxical or counterintuitive HRQOL results often observed in chronic conditions. We investigated the presence of changing values (reprioritization response shift) in data from a surgical randomized controlled trial of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).MethodsEighty patients with TLE, who were randomized to surgical and medical treatment, provided data on the epilepsy‐specific 31‐item Quality of life in Epilepsy (QOLIE‐31) questionnaire at baseline and 1 year after randomization. Reprioritization response shift among the seven QOLIE‐31 domains was assessed using changes in the relative importance weights derived from logistic regression and discriminant analysis.ResultsThe relative importance analysis showed a statistically significant increase over time in the importance of social function, but a significant decrease in the relative importance of seizure worry. There were no significant changes in the relative importance of the remaining five domains in distinguishing between surgical and medical group over time.SignificancePatients that receive surgical treatment are more likely to experience a decrease in the valuation of seizure worry and an increase in the value of social function as compared to patients who are medically treated. Changes in expectation about seizure freedom and social function may confound the assessment of longitudinal change on these outcomes, and highlight the importance of assessing response shift and the limitations of assessing HRQOL at a single point in time or without a control group.A PowerPoint slide summarizing this article is available for download in the Supporting Information section here.
Long‐term prognosis of patients with Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome and epilepsy
Authors: Verrotti Alberto , Spartà Maria Valentina , Monacelli Debora , Porto Rossella , Castagnino Miriam , Russo Raucci Annalisa , Compagno Francesca , Viglio Simona , Foiadelli Thomas , Nicita Francesco , Grosso Salvatore , Spalice Alberto , Chiarelli Francesco , Marseglia Gianluigi , Savasta Salvatore 
Published: June 2014

SummaryObjectiveEpilepsy in Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome (EDS) has been reported in the literature, but there are no studies that have investigated in detail clinical and electroencephalography (EEG) features in patients with EDS, and that have compared the outcome of epilepsy in subjects with or without brain lesions. We report a series of 42 patients with EDS and epilepsy, including data that concern clinical characteristics, EEG abnormalities, brain malformations at magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and long‐term outcome.MethodsEEG, clinical information, and neuroimaging characteristics in 42 patients with EDS were analyzed at the onset of epilepsy and after long‐term follow‐up (at least 5 years). We subdivided the patients into two groups: group A, 26 patients without brain abnormalities; group B, 16 patients with brain lesions, often with periventricular heterotopia (PH).ResultsGroup A patients: Most cases (19 of 26) presented focal epilepsy, whereas 7 of 26 were affected by generalized epilepsy; interictal EEG showed temporal or temporoparietal spikes in most cases. Twenty‐three patients received antiepileptic drug (AED) monotherapy; three patients were treated with polytherapy. During follow‐up, all patients were seizure‐free for at least 2 years, and only one continued to receive AEDs. Group B patients: the majority presented focal epilepsy (9 of 16), but many patients had generalized epilepsy (7 of 16); interictal EEG showed usually frontal or frontotemporal spikes and waves. Many patients (12 of 16) received AED polytherapy. During follow‐up, 12 patients were seizure‐free, and all patients continued pharmacologic treatment.SignificanceAll patients without brain lesions showed a favorable response to AED monotherapy and were seizure‐free after a few years of treatment. Patients with central nervous system abnormalities had a worse outcome, suggesting that the presence of brain lesions could influence the long‐term evolution in these patients.A PowerPoint slide summarizing this article is available for download in the Supporting Information section here.
Stability and folding of amphibian ribonuclease A superfamily members in comparison with mammalian homologues
Authors: Arnold Ulrich 
Published: June 2014

Comparative studies on homologous proteins can provide knowledge on how limited changes in the primary structure find their expression in large effects on catalytic activity, stability or the folding behavior. For more than half a century, members of the ribonuclease A superfamily have been the subject of a myriad of studies on protein folding and stability. Both the unfolding and refolding kinetics as well as the structure of several folding intermediates of ribonuclease A have been characterized in detail. Moreover, the RNA‐degrading activity of these enzymes provides a basis for their cytotoxicity, which renders them potential tumor therapeutics. Because amphibian ribonuclease A homologues evade the human ribonuclease inhibitor, they emerged as particularly promising candidates. Interestingly, the amphibian ribonuclease A homologues investigated to date are more stable than the mammalian homologues. Nevertheless, despite the generation of numerous genetically engineered variants, knowledge of the folding of amphibian ribonuclease A homologues remains rather limited. An exception is onconase, a ribonuclease A homologue from Rana pipiens, which has been characterized in detail. This review summarizes the data on the unfolding and refolding kinetics and pathways, as well on the stability of amphibian ribonuclease A homologues compared with those of ribonuclease A, the best known member of this superfamily.
Statin‐induced inhibition of breast cancer proliferation and invasion involves attenuation of iron transport: intermediacy of nitric oxide and antioxidant defence mechanisms
Authors: Kanugula Anantha Koteswararao , Gollavilli Paradesi Naidu , Vasamsetti Sathish Babu , Karnewar Santosh , Gopoju Raja , Ummanni Ramesh , Kotamraju Srigiridhar 
Published: June 2014

Accumulating evidence from in vitro, in vivo, clinical and epidemiological studies shows promising results for the use of statins against many cancers including breast carcinoma. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti‐proliferative and anti‐invasive properties of statins still remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the involvement of nitric oxide, iron homeostasis and antioxidant defence mechanisms in mediating the anti‐proliferative and anti‐invasive properties of hydrophobic statins in MDA‐MB‐231, MDA‐MB‐453 and BT‐549 metastatic triple negative breast cancer cells. Fluvastatin and simvastatin significantly increased cytotoxicity which was reversed with mevalonate. Interestingly, fluvastatin downregulated transferrin receptor (TfR1), with a concomitant depletion of intracellular iron levels in these cells. Statin‐induced effects were mimicked by geranylgeranyl transferase inhibitor (GGTI‐298) but not farnesyl transferase inhibitor (FTI‐277). Further, it was observed that TfR1 downregulation is mediated by increased nitric oxide levels via inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. NOS inhibitors (asymmetric dimethylarginine and 1400W) counteracted and sepiapterin, a precursor of tetrahydrobiopterin, exacerbated statin‐induced depletion of intracellular iron levels. Notably, fluvastatin increased manganese superoxide dismutase (by repressing the transcription factor DNA damage‐binding protein 2), catalase and glutathione which, in turn, diminished H2O2 levels. Fluvastatin‐induced downregulation of TfR1, matrix metalloproteinase‐2, ‐9 and inhibition of invasion were reversed in the presence of aminotriazole, a specific inhibitor of catalase. Finally, we conclude that fluvastatin, by altering iron homeostasis, nitric oxide generation and antioxidant defence mechanisms, induces triple negative breast cancer cell death.
Insulin resistance in patients with post‐adolescent acne
Authors: Balta Ilknur , Ekiz Ozlem , Ozuguz Pınar , Ustun Ihsan , Karaca Semsettin , Dogruk Kacar Seval , Eksioglu Meral 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundPost‐adolescent acne has been defined as acne in a patient aged >25 years. Acne vulgaris first develops at the onset of puberty as a result of hormonal changes. During puberty, there is a transient decline in insulin sensitivity. We hypothesized that insulin resistance might persist after puberty in patients with post‐adolescent acne.ObjectivesThis study was conducted in order to investigate the relationship between post‐adolescent acne and insulin resistance.MethodsThe study population comprised 35 patients with post‐adolescent acne and 35 healthy control subjects. The parameters measured were fasting blood glucose, insulin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C). The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) index was calculated for each individual.ResultsNo significant differences were observed between patients with post‐adolescent acne and control subjects in fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, AST, ALT, triglyceride and HDL‐C levels, and HOMA‐IR index. There were also no correlations between these parameters and the severity of acne.ConclusionsThis study suggests that insulin resistance may not play a major role in the pathogenesis of post‐adolescent acne. Hormonal changes, genetic susceptibility, stress, the use of cosmetics, drugs, and environmental factors should be considered in the development of post‐adolescent acne.
Kaposi's sarcoma: a population‐based cancer registry descriptive study of 57 consecutive cases diagnosed between 1977 and 2009
Authors: Laresche Claire , Fournier Evelyne , Dupond Anne Sophie , Woronoff Anne Sophie , Drobacheff‐Thiebaut Christine , Humbert Philippe , Aubin Francois 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundThere are few epidemiological data available on rare skin cancer, including Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), which is a multifocal illness affecting the skin, mucosa, and viscera. Four different types of KS have been described: classic, AIDS‐associated, iatrogenic, and African. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiology and evolution of the different types of KS in the Doubs region of France.Patients and methodsA retrospective population‐based study was conducted, including 57 patients with KS from the Doubs region between 1977 and 2009. These patients were identified by the tumor registry of the Doubs region.ResultsA larger proportion of AIDS‐associated KS (61%) was observed compared to classic KS (30%) and iatrogenic KS (9%). No cases of African KS were observed. Most new cases were observed between 1987 and 1996 due to the AIDS explosion. The patients were predominantly male, with a male/female ratio at 10 : 4 (34 for AIDS‐associated KS). The mean age of patients was 50.2 (higher in classic and iatrogenic KS and lower in AIDS‐associated KS). Mucosal and visceral forms were more common in AIDS‐associated KS, explaining the higher rate of mortality due to KS (21%).ConclusionKS, which used to be a rare illness, as it existed only in the classic form, has become more common since the appearance of HIV and, to a lesser extent, of immunosuppressive treatment.
PHACE syndrome, a series of six patients: clinical and morphological manifestations, propranolol efficacy, and safety
Authors: Bellaud Guillaume , Puzenat Eve , Billon‐Grand Nora Célia , Humbert Philippe , Aubin François 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIntroductionPHACE syndrome is defined by infantile hemangiomas associated with a spectrum of malformations. These abnormalities involve posterior fossa of the brain, cerebral vasculature, heart or aorta, eyes, and midline thorax or sternum.Case reportsSix cases of PHACE syndrome were diagnosed between 2002 and 2011 in the Department of Dermatology at Besançon Hospital. All patients were female and had an infantile hemangioma of the face over 5 cm in size. Five of them had encephalic abnormalities, and arterial malformations were found in three patients. Only one patient showed an ocular abnormality. None of them presented any cardiac, aortic, or sternal malformations. Two patients benefited from treatment with propranolol with good effectiveness and safety.DiscussionThe presence of an infantile hemangioma over 5 cm in size on the face should be a suspected sign for PHACE syndrome and requires the completion of a systematic evaluation. Diagnosis is based on recently revised criteria and demonstrates the large polymorphism of the malformations that may be encountered.ConclusionThis descriptive series is in accordance with literature data including female preponderance and the frequent involvement of the posterior fossa. It also underlines the effectiveness of propranolol for this indication.