bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does science disrupt technology? Examining science intensity, novelty, and recency through patent-paper citations in the pharmaceutical field
Authors: Wu Keye , Xie Ziyue , Du Jia Tina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe role of scientific knowledge in advancing technology is widely recognized, but its impact in generating disruptive ideas and catalyzing technological change is less well known. To fill this gap, this study addresses a new research question about whether and how prior scientific knowledge contributes to technological disruptiveness. Specifically, our study focused on the pharmaceutical field, which has a frequent interaction between science and technology, and employed the patent-paper citations to explore the disruptive impact of science on technology. Drawing on the 1,883,593 granted patents in pharmaceuticals and their 1,546,960 cited papers prior to 2018, we found patents with scientific references appear to be more disruptive than those without scientific citations and such effect has gradually pronounced in recent decades, even though technological disruptiveness is generally declining over time. For each granted patent, we further developed three scientific characteristics including science intensity, science novelty and science recency and estimated their effects on technological disruptiveness. The regression analysis showed science intensity and science novelty both have an inverted U-shaped relationship with technological disruptiveness, suggesting intermediate-level novel scientific knowledge input can inspire the generation of disruptive ideas for pharmaceutical technological innovation. While science recency presents a negative association, underlying that recent scientific knowledge could offer advanced theoretical insights that may destabilize the existing technological trajectory. Moreover, collaboration is another important factor in enhancing the disruptive impact of science on technology. Our study contributes to the existing literature by introducing the disruptive impact of science on technology.
Stabilizing Electric Vehicle Systems Using Proximal Policy-Based Self-structuring Control
Authors: Zhuang Juntao , Wang Chengwei , Cheng Qiong , Dai Ying , Ghaderpour Ebrahim , Mohammadzadeh Ardashir 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAn active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) has been developed for stabilizing electric vehicle (EV) systems without the need for model identification. The proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithm, along with actor and critic neural networks, has been used to fine-tune the adjustable parameters of the ADRC controller to achieve optimal performance in a specific case study. The architecture of PPO implements separate neural networks and ameliorates the PPO adaptability to handle continuous action spaces. By maximizing a reward function based on system output, the PPO agent optimally tunes the gains to reduce undesired speed fluctuations of EVs and improve system stability. Performance evaluation under the new European driving cycle and federal test procedure has been conducted to examine the feasibility of the suggested controller. The disturbance rejection capability of the ADRC controller designed by the PPO algorithm has been tested and compared with prevalent control methodologies. Moreover, real-time examinations of the dynamic behavior of EV systems have been made to identify the capability of the suggested controller in real-world hardware. The results show that the suggested controller outperforms other designed controllers in terms of transient behavior and numerical performance metrics.
J-equivalence for associative algebras
Authors: Jonsson Helena 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe study the combinatorics of an analogue of Green’s $${\mathcal {J}}$$
J
-relation (a.k.a. the two-sided relation) for the bicategory of finite-dimensional bimodules over finite-dimensional associative algebras over a fixed field. In particular, we provide a number of exameples for both $${\mathcal {J}}$$
J
-equivalent and inequivalent but $${\mathcal {J}}$$
J
-comparabe algebras.
Data interpolation methods with the UNet-based model for weather forecast
Authors: Wang Jiayu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDeep learning improves weather predictions, and most machine learning applications need data preparation, including interpolation. Since meteorological satellite collected data have several missing values, it is worth studying the interpolation in weather forecasting. This paper used a UNet-based model to evaluate 10 interpolation methods with different parameters on a short-term weather prediction task from the IEEE Big Data Competition 2021. Each strategy was evaluated using 3 groups of evaluation aspects, totaling 7 metrics. One of the specific issues explored in this research was reducing the influence of possible displacement in satellite images, which is often emphasized by exciting evaluation standards. After interpolation, some solutions showed that they could increase the model performance to some extent. Although there was no universal optimal method, interpolation using linear relationships performed rather well in most cases and produced the best results when all evaluation metrics were taken into account. However, the most effective method is time-consuming and requires a great number of calculations. In addition to interpolation with linear relation, computing the mean value of a limited region is beneficial and efficient. This study expects the conclusion to improve future weather prediction or meteorological data processing and to be expanded with other evaluation metrics to better assess a deep learning model’s effectiveness.
A habitually open mouth posture leads to less affect strength during joy in childhood
Authors: Bein-Wierzbinski Wibke , Franke Sr. Maria Gabriela , Heidbreder-Schenk Christiane 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Aim
Compared with children without orofacial disorders, children with a habitual lack of mouth closure and mouth breathing show less frequent and reduced or absent facial expressions. The facial feedback hypothesis states that affective sensation is enhanced by mimic involvement. In this randomized cross-sectional study with and without orofacially disordered children, we investigated the effect of lack of mouth closure on the strength of emotions related to joy, sadness and fear in children. We aimed to determine whether kindergarten and primary school-age children with a lack of mouth closure are less emotionally involved.

Materials and Method
We used facial feedback as an indicator to measure affect intensity in children with and without orofacial disorders. For this purpose, we modified the experimental design of Strack et al. (Strack et al. in J Pers Soc Psychol 54:768–777, 1988), in which the subjects were asked to hold a pencil exclusively with their teeth (experimental group 1, “joy”), with their lips (experimental group 2, “sadness” and “fear”) or with their nondominant hand (control group). Instead of cartoons, ten medium-funny animal pictures were presented individually in a predefined order to be judged on a Likert scale. The allocation to the groups was implemented using a randomized procedure, independent of the diagnosis, age and sex of the children. The only exclusion criteria were the presence of surgical scars in the orofacial area and cerebral palsy.

Results
A total of 414 children aged 4 to 17 years were studied for facial feedback, with orofacial disorders such as open mouth posture, tongue thrust, myofunctional disorder, craniomandibular dysfunction (CMD) and speech motor disorders diagnosed in 223 subjects. The significance tests showed that in all age groups, children with orofacial disorders rated the joke content of the animal pictures significantly lower than did children without orofacial disorders (4- to 6-year-olds: p value = 0.01, T value = 2.33, confidence = 99%; 7- to 8-year-olds: p value = 0, T value = 4.98, 100% confidence; 9- to 17-year-olds: p value = 0, T value = 2.87, 100% confidence). This finding indicates that children with a lack of mouth closure and other orofacial disorders not only express less pleasure with the help of facial expressions but also feel less pleasure. Moreover, the experimental setup used in this work, which has been modified for children, can be used to test facial feedback in young subjects.

Conclusion
In our study, we focused on the interplay between physical and emotional development in children. If left untreated, children with a lack of oral closure may not only show deviations in the orofacial area later on, but also in their emotionality. We endeavored to highlight the importance of treating children with orofacial disorders at an early age.
Controls on Sr/Ca, S/Ca, and Mg/Ca in Benthic Foraminifera: Implications for the Carbonate Chemistry of the Pacific Ocean Over the Last 350 ky
Authors: Lawson V. J. , Rosenthal Y. , Bova S. C. , Lambert J. , Linsley B. K. , Bu K. , Clementi V. J. , Elmore A. , McClymont E. L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBoron to calcium (B/Ca) records in benthic foraminifera, used for reconstructing the carbonate ion saturation state (ΔCO3) of the deep ocean, suggest that carbon sequestration in the Southern Pacific contributed to lowering atmospheric CO2 during the last glacial interval. However, the spatial and temporal extent of this storage is debated due to limited ΔCO3 records. To increase available ΔCO3 records, we explored using strontium and sulfur to calcium (Sr/Ca, S/Ca) in Planulina wuellerstorfi as additional proxies for ΔCO3 based on comparison with paired B/Ca down‐core records from Pacific Sites U1486 (1,332 m depth) and U1487 (874 m depth) cored during the International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 363. The Sr/Ca and S/Ca records from P. wuellerstorfi closely covary with the B/Ca‐derived ΔCO3 records. Temperature, reconstructed using Uvigerina peregrina magnesium to calcium (Mg/Ca), has no discernible effect on Sr/Ca, whereas S/Ca also varies with Mg/Ca in both U. peregrina and P. wuellerstorfi, suggesting an additional temperature effect. Mg/Ca records from P. wuellerstorfi are affected by both temperature and ΔCO3. We assess calibrations of Sr/Ca to ΔCO3 for the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans and recommend using the down‐core rather than core‐top calibrations as they yield consistent sensitivity, though with offsets, in all ocean basins. Reconstructing Pacific ΔCO3 records from sites U1486, U1487, and DSDP 593, we demonstrate the benefit of using Sr/Ca as an additional ΔCO3 proxy to assess the contribution of the Southern Pacific to the increase of atmospheric CO2 at glacial terminations.
Cushing’s syndrome screening with the 1-mg dexamethasone suppression test in metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity phenotypes
Authors: Hepsen Sema , Gul Umran , Bostan Hayri , Akhanli Pinar , Sencar Muhammed Erkam , Kizilgul Muhammed , Unsal Ilknur Ozturk , Cakal Erman 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The ongoing debate regarding the need for screening Cushing’s syndrome (CS) in patients with obesity continues. The objectives of this study were to establish the prevalence of CS in the population with obesity and assess how metabolic health status influences cortisol levels following the 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST).

Methods
This retrospective study included 1008 patients with obesity who underwent screening with the 1 mg DST for CS. These patients were categorized into two groups as metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and unhealthy obesity (MUO).

Results
Out of the 1008 patients, 779 (77.3%) belonged to the MUO group. Within the entire study cohort, 12 (1.2%) patients exhibited a cortisol level of ≥ 1.8 after the 1 mg DST. Cortisol levels following the 1 mg DST were also significantly higher in the MUO group than in the MHO group (p = 0.001). Among these 12 patients, 11 were presenting a MUO phenotype. Hypercortisolism was definitively diagnosed in two patients, resulting in an overall prevalence of 0.2%. The 1 mg DST demonstrated a specificity of 99% and 100% sensitivity for screening for CS.

Conclusions
While the 1 mg DST is a practical screening test for CS with high specificity in obesity, the number of CS cases detected remains relatively low. Therefore, it may be more reasonable and applicable to screen patients with MUO phenotype rather than all individuals with obesity.
Understanding general practitioner and pharmacist preferences for pharmacogenetic testing in primary care: a discrete choice experiment
Authors: McDermott John H. , Sharma Videha , Beaman Glenda M. , Keen Jessica , Newman William G. , Wilson Paul , Payne Katherine , Wright Stuart 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPharmacogenetic testing in the United Kingdom’s National Health Service (NHS) has historically been reactive in nature, undertaken in the context of single gene-drug relationships in specialist settings. Using a discrete choice experiment we aimed to identify healthcare professional preferences for development of a pharmacogenetic testing service in primary care in the NHS. Respondents, representing two professions groups (general practitioners or pharmacists), completed one of two survey versions, asking them to select their preferred pharmacogenetic testing service in the context of a presentation of low mood or joint pain. Responses from 235 individuals were included. All respondents preferred pharmacogenetic testing over no testing, though preference heterogeneity was identified. Both professional groups, but especially GPs, were highly sensitive to service design, with uptake varying depending on the service offered. This study demonstrates uptake of a pharmacogenetic testing service is impacted by service design and highlights key areas which should be prioritised within future initiatives.
Deep learning versus manual morphology-based embryo selection in IVF: a randomized, double-blind noninferiority trial
Authors: Illingworth Peter J. , Venetis Christos , Gardner David K. , Nelson Scott M. , Berntsen Jørgen , Larman Mark G. , Agresta Franca , Ahitan Saran , Ahlström Aisling , Cattrall Fleur , Cooke Simon , Demmers Kristy , Gabrielsen Anette , Hindkjær Johnny , Kelley Rebecca L. , Knight Charlotte , Lee Lisa , Lahoud Robert , Mangat Manveen , Park Hannah , Price Anthony , Trew Geoffrey , Troest Bettina , Vincent Anna , Wennerström Susanne , Zujovic Lyndsey , Hardarson Thorir 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo assess the value of deep learning in selecting the optimal embryo for in vitro fertilization, a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, noninferiority parallel-group trial was conducted across 14 in vitro fertilization clinics in Australia and Europe. Women under 42 years of age with at least two early-stage blastocysts on day 5 were randomized to either the control arm, using standard morphological assessment, or the study arm, employing a deep learning algorithm, intelligent Data Analysis Score (iDAScore), for embryo selection. The primary endpoint was a clinical pregnancy rate with a noninferiority margin of 5%. The trial included 1,066 patients (533 in the iDAScore group and 533 in the morphology group). The iDAScore group exhibited a clinical pregnancy rate of 46.5% (248 of 533 patients), compared to 48.2% (257 of 533 patients) in the morphology arm (risk difference −1.7%; 95% confidence interval −7.7, 4.3; P = 0.62). This study was not able to demonstrate noninferiority of deep learning for clinical pregnancy rate when compared to standard morphology and a predefined prioritization scheme. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) registration: 379161.
In vitro digestive system simulation and anticancer activity of soymilk fermented by probiotics and synbiotics immobilised on agro-industrial residues
Authors: Gad Abdallah I. , Orabi Mona M. , Abou-Taleb Khadiga A. , Abdelghani Dina Y. , Amin Shimaa A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, a variety of probiotic strains, including Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Lacticaseibacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, Limosilactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, and Bifidobacterium bifidum, were utilized for soymilk fermentation both as free cells and as synbiotics on agro-industrial residuals such as okara, whey protein, banana peels, apple pomace, sugarcane bagasse, orange peels, and lemon peels. Among these, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus emerged as the most significant strain for soymilk fermentation, exhibiting a viability of 10.47 log cfu/mL, a pH of 4.41, total acidity of 1.12%, and organic acid contents (lactic and acetic acid) of 11.20 and 7.50 g/L, respectively. As a synbiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus immobilised on okara, showed even more impressive results, with a viability of 12.98 log cfu/mL, a pH of 4.31, total acidity of 1.27%, and organic acid contents of 13.90 and 9.30 g/L, respectively. Over a 12-h fermentation period, cell viability values increased by 10.47-fold in free cells and 11.19-fold in synbiotics. Synbiotic supplementation of fermented soymilk proved more beneficial than free cells in terms of viability, acidity, and organic acid content. Furthermore, when synbiotic fermented soymilk was freeze-dried to simulate the digestive system in vitro, synbiotics and freeze-dried cells demonstrated superior gastrointestinal tract survival compared to free cells. Both the probiotic bacteria and the synbiotics exhibited cytotoxicity against colon and liver cancer cell lines, with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations ranging from 41.96 to 61.52 μL/well.
Tele-Impedance control of a virtual avatar based on EMG and M-IMU sensors: a proof-of-concept
Authors: Buscaglione Silvia , Noccaro Alessia , Tagliamonte Nevio , Ticchiarelli Giulia , Di Pino Giovanni , Formica Domenico 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe broad spread of cooperative robots into many application domains has resulted in a demand for intuitive and effective solutions for teleoperated control. A relevant role in teleoperation has been assumed by impedance controllers, that allow the increase of stability and accuracy during interaction. This paper aims to test a teleoperation method based on an impedance controller, namely tele-impedance control, that is usable in unstructured environments since it relies only on wearable sensors. The proposed solution maps the joint stiffness and position of the human user, computed through six EMG and two M-IMU sensors, into the remote system to be teleoperated. We developed a 2-DoFs virtual task involving virtual physical interactions to compare the performance of our solution with the one of a traditional position-based controller. The study has been conducted on five healthy participants, who experienced both controllers in two different sessions. The tele-impedance approach has proved to be less physically demanding and more intuitive than the position-based one. Experimental data also allow us to investigate the strategy employed by the volunteers in the case of remote interactions, while using the two controllers. Of note, even though with the position controller the variation of subject impedance has no effect on the virtual arm, participants still tend to regulate both impedance and position of their own arm.
An impedimetric approach for determination of ammonium using silver/poly-1-aminoanthraquinone/carbon paste electrode
Authors: Altahan Mahmoud Fatehy , Beltagi Amr Mohamed , Abdel-Azzem Magdi , El-Attar Mona A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHere, we present the electrochemical determination of ammonium in water samples, emphasizing the importance of accurate and precise assessment of its concentration. The modified electrode used in this study was fabricated through the anodic polymerization of 1-aminoanthraquinone (1-AAQ) and deposition of silver particles into a carbon paste electrode. The fabrication process involved cyclic voltammetry in a 0.1 M HCl solution, followed by the application of a potential of 0.2 V for 75 s. The resulting Ag/poly-1-AAQ/CPE exhibited remarkable electrochemical properties, as confirmed by scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and elemental mapping. The successful deposition of silver at percentages of 12.07% on Ag/CPE and 0.75% on Ag/poly-1-AAQ/CPE was observed. The Ag/poly-1-AAQ/CPE was employed for impedimetric determination of ammonium in a solution of 0.1 M Na2SO4. The charge transfer resistance) output from the fitting of the experimental impedimetric data of ammonium determination exhibited good linearity over a concentration range of 5 µM to 200 µM NH4+, with a detection limit of 3.3 µM NH4+. The precision of the modified electrode over ten replicate measurements were conducted at three concentration levels (a low of 5 µM NH4+, a medium of 50 µM NH4+, and a high of 200 µM NH4+). The obtained relative standard deviation (RSD) values of 18%, 12% and 7%, respectively, indicating good precision.
Biomarker dosimetry of acute low level of thermal neutrons and radiation adaptive response effect on rats
Authors: Awad Misara M. , Abdelgawad Mahmoud H. , Aboelezz Eslam , Ereiba Khairy T. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we demonstrated the biological effects of acute low-dose neutrons on the whole body of rats and investigated the impact of that level of neutron dose to induce an in vivo radio-adaptive response. To understand the radio-adaptive response, the examined animals were exposed to acute neutron radiation doses of 5 and 10 mSv, followed by a 50 mSv challenge dose after 14 days. After irradiation, all groups receiving single and double doses were kept in cages for one day before sampling. The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method was used to estimate the radiation-induced radicals in the blood, and some hematological parameters and lipid peroxidation (MDA) were determined. A comet assay was performed beside some of the antioxidant enzymes [catalase enzyme (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH)]. Seven groups of adult male rats were classified according to their dose of neutron exposure. Measurements of all studied markers are taken one week after harvesting, except for hematological markers, within 2 h. The results indicated lower production of antioxidant enzymes (CAT by 1.18–5.83%, SOD by 1.47–17.8%, and GSH by 11.3–82.1%). Additionally, there was an increase in red cell distribution width (RDW) (from 4.61 to 25.19%) and in comet assay parameters such as Tail Length, (from 6.16 to 10.81 µm), Tail Moment, (from 1.17 to 2.46 µm), and percentage of DNA in tail length (DNA%) (from 9.58 to 17.32%) in all groups exposed to acute doses of radiation ranging from 5 to 50 mSv, respectively. This emphasizes the ascending harmful effect with the increased acute thermal neutron doses. The values of the introduced factor of radio adaptive response for all markers under study reveal that the lower priming dose promotes a higher adaptation response and vice versa. Ultimately, the results indicate significant variations in DNA%, SOD enzyme levels, EPR intensity, total Hb concentration, and RDWs, suggesting their potential use as biomarkers for acute thermal neutron dosimetry. Further research is necessary to validate these measurements as biodosimetry for radiation exposure, including investigations involving the response impact of RAR with varied challenge doses and post-irradiation behavior.