bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D Sensitivity of 8-Electrode FIM through Experimental Study in a Phantom
Authors: Saha Samiron Kumar , Al-Quaderi Golam Dastegir , Rabbani K Siddique-e 
Published: July 2014

Focused Impedance Method (FIM) is a relatively new technique developed in the Biomedical Physics Laboratory of Dhaka University which allows improved localization of a zone without much increase in the complexity of measurement. Three versions using 8, 6 and 4 electrodes respectively have been conceived and developed. FIM has potential for characterization of biological tissues at depths non-invasively placing electrodes on the skin surface at appropriate locations, leading to detection or diagnosis of diseases or disorders. The present work is an experimental study of the sensitivity of the 8-electrode FIM system at different depths and lateral positions inside a volume conductor with respect to the electrode-positions using a cubical phantom with saline. An object of different conductivity and of size smaller than the electrode separation was placed inside the phantom at different positions to measure the change of FIM value, called sensitivity in this work. The study verified the focusing effect at the central zone where the sensitivity remained high and almost constant laterally for a certain depth, falling sharply outside. At shallow depths, the sensitivity showed enhanced peaks under the electrodes which however, decreased fast with depth. The sensitivity falls off sharply with depth becoming almost constant at greater depths but with greatly reduced value. The sensitivity at off axis positions from the centre also reduced outside the focused zone. Slightly negative zones of sensitivity were observed at lateral positions far from the center of the electrodes, but the values were negligible. This work will help standardize the application of 8-electrode FIM for determination of impedance of organs inside the human body. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmp.v6i1.19759 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Physics Vol.6 No.1 2013 55-65
Improvement in the detection of Cervical Spondylotic Neuropathy through a combination of shifted frequency Distribution of F-Latency (DFL)
Authors: Rahman M Obaidur , Chowdhury Ehsan Alam , Rabbani K Siddique-e 
Published: July 2014

Our extended group in Dhaka University has shown that frequency Distribution of F-Latency (DFL) of peripheral nerve trunks may be used for the detection of Cervical Spondylotic Neuropathy (CSN). A double blind study was performed recently to ascertain the efficacy of DFL in the detection of CSN using MRI findings as the benchmark, which was performed on 62 median nerves of 31 volunteers within an age range of 20 and 80 years. In our laboratory DFL is obtained by grouping F-latency data into 2ms bins and then plotting a frequency polygon. The shapes of the resulting polygons are sorted into two categories: i) single peak and ii) broad peak or multiple peaks. The first category was taken to represent normalcy while the second category was taken to represent CSN. The present work was taken up to study the effect on the polygon patterns due to shifting of the starting point of each bin by 1ms. Two decisions were made for each nerve regarding normalcy or CSN based on both the individual polygon patterns. Two more decisions were made based on the logic AND and logic OR operations of the above two decisions. These four individual decisions from all the nerves were then compared with MRI findings. This shows that such bin shifting and a decision based on OR logic on the two DFLs thus obtained gives the best overall efficacy compared to all the other procedures. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmp.v6i1.19762 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Physics Vol.6 No.1 2013 75-81
Modeling and Quantification of Repolarization Feature Dependency on Heart Rate
Authors: Zacur E. , Pueyo E. , Laguna P. , Minchole A. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryIntroduction: This article is part of the Focus Theme of Methods of Information in Medicine on “Biosignal Interpretation: Advanced Methods for Studying Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems”.Objectives: This work aims at providing an efficient method to estimate the parameters of a non linear model including memory, previously proposed to characterize rate adaptation of repolarization indices.Methods: The physiological restrictions on the model parameters have been included in the cost function in such a way that unconstrained optimization techniques such as descent optimization methods can be used for parameter estimation. The proposed method has been evaluated on electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings of healthy subjects performing a tilt test, where rate adaptation of QT and Tpeak-to-Tend (Tpe) intervals has been characterized.Results: The proposed strategy results in an efficient methodology to characterize rate adaptation of repolarization features, improving the convergence time with respect to previous strategies. Moreover, Tpe interval adapts faster to changes in heart rate than the QT interval.Conclusions: In this work an efficient estimation of the parameters of a model aimed at characterizing rate adaptation of repolarization features has been proposed. The Tpe interval has been shown to be rate related and with a shorter memory lag than the QT interval.
Surdité et difficultés d'apprentissage en mathématiques, état des lieux et problématiques actuelles
Authors: Roux Marc-Olivier 
Published: July 2014

Comment se situent les enfants et adolescents sourds par rapport aux apprentissages mathématiques ? Quelle est la nature de leurs représentations numériques ? Quelles sont les difficultés rencontrées en ce domaine ? Quels sont les facteurs explicatifs à même d’en rendre compte ? Quelles sont les réponses proposées ? Cet article présente un état de la question à partir des données scientifiques issues de la littérature internationale. À ce propos, se trouve mise en lumière la part des aspects langagiers, mais aussi celle d’autres facteurs : le manque d’expérience préscolaire informelle, les particularités associées au fonctionnement cognitif des enfants sourds, etc. Les problématiques touchant à cette question sont ici mises en regard avec l’actualité dans le domaine de la surdité en France (dépistage précoce, implant cochléaire™). Des orientations sont suggérées, en vue de recherches ultérieures.
Les cliniques traumatiques infanto juvéniles : vulnérabilités somato-psychiques et « péri-névrotiques »
Authors: Boucherat-Hue Valérie 
Published: July 2014

Nous soutenons l’intérêt d’élargir le concept de « handicap psychique » aux situations de « handicap somatopsychique », pour désigner les répercussions invalidantes sur les fonctionnalités de l’organisation mentale, des atteintes qui engagent le corps dans ses dimensions psychosomatiques et psychomotrices. Il s’agit de se décaler de la notion socio-comportementale du handicap psychique pour aller vers ses traductions cliniques psychodynamiques. Ainsi, dans le cadre de la psychopathologie du « péri-névrotique », et à partir d’une vignette clinique, nous montrerons de quelle manière le « handicap somatopsychique » peut venir, chez l’adolescent, colmater les traumas de l’organisation affective, et faire suture provisoire à des étapes-clé qui engagent, comme les processus de la latence ou de l’adultisation, les après-coup de conflits développementaux œdipien et pubertaire suspendus.
A LEGITIMAÇÃO DAS REDES SOCIAIS COMO FONTE PARA O JORNALISMO SOB A PERSPECTIVA DOS CÓDIGOS PADRÕES DE NARRAÇÃO
Authors: CASADEI Eliza Bachega 
Published: July 2014

A partir do estudo dos noticiários, é possível perceber um aumento sensível e progressivo no número de reportagens que utilizam as redes sociais como fonte para a composição das notícias nos últimos anos. O presente artigo busca discutir justamente esse processo de legitimação das redes sociais como fontes autorizadas a partir da perspectiva dos códigos padrões de narração historicamente marcados que os jornalistas utilizam para contar as suas estórias, em um entrecruzamento entre as ideias de Michel de Certeau, Paul Ricoeur e Roland Barthes. Estudaremos a noção de que esse aumento se deve a um reposicionamento dos valores jornalísticos em voga (que colocam essas fontes dentro das fronteiras do aceitável) e tem consequências visíveis na escrita e na estruturação do relato jornalístico enquanto técnica enunciativa.
La condición de la imagen digital. De la iconoclastia del net.art al nuevo régimen visual del artista-semionauta.
Authors: Alcalá Mellado José Ramón 
Published: July 2014

¿Vivimos realmente hoy esa cultura iconoclasta que proponían los net-artistas en los 90? ¿Ha terminado por imponerse un régimen de la realidad pleno de visualidad electrónica a esa cultura y arte anti-visuales que proponía el net art? ¿Se seguirán proponiendo mensajes icónicos, llenando el mundo de comunicación visual “caliente”? ¿Se liberarán por fin los artistas profesionales de seguir siendo los responsables de producir nuevas imágenes, pasando el testigo a los usuarios amateurs de la Red? ¿Cuál será entonces la nueva tarea de aquellos? ¿Cuál es el papel que hemos de reasignarle a la imagen? Estas cuestiones, centrales en el debate artístico actual, son el punto de partida del autor para proponer un modelo alternativo de análisis historiográfico de estas nuevas prácticas artísticas que han surgido con el desarrollo de las tecnologías de la imagen desde el inicio de la segunda mitad del siglo XX que sea verdaderamente eficaz.
A Systematic Review of Ultrasound-Guided and Non–Ultrasound-Guided Therapeutic Injections to Treat Morton's Neuroma
Authors: Morgan Peter , Monaghan Wendy , Richards Simon 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundMorton's neuroma is a frequently painful condition of the forefoot, causing patients to seek medical care to alleviate symptoms. A plethora of therapeutic options is available, some of which include injection therapies. Researchers have investigated injection therapy for Morton's neuroma, and latterly the evidence base has been augmented with methods that use diagnostic ultrasound as a vehicle to deliver the injectate under image guidance for additional accuracy. To date, there seems to be no consensus that ultrasound-guided injections provide better therapeutic outcomes than nonguided injections for the treatment of Morton's neuroma.MethodsA systematic review was chosen because this method can undertake such a process. The review process identified 13 key papers using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, which then underwent methodological quality assessment using a pretested Quality Index. A narrative synthesis of the review findings is presented in light of the heterogeneity of the data from the extraction process.ResultsThis systematic review provides an argument that ultrasound guidance can produce better short- and long-term pain relief for corticosteroid injections, can reduce the need for additional procedures in a series of sclerosing alcohol injections, can reduce the surgical referral rate, and can add efficacy to a single injection.ConclusionsUltrasound guidance should be considered for injection therapy in the management of Morton's neuroma.
Measurement of thermal conductivity of omphacite, jadeite, and diopside up to 14 GPa and 1000 K: Implication for the role of eclogite in subduction slab
Authors: Wang Chao , Yoneda Akira , Osako Masahiro , Ito Eiji , Yoshino Takashi , Jin Zhenmin 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThermal conductivity and diffusivity for three pyroxenes, omphacite, jadeite, and diopside, were determined up to 14 GPa and 1000 K in the Kawai‐type multianvil apparatus via the pulse heating method. Measurements for omphacite are characterized by much lower thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity than those of its two end‐members of jadeite and diopside, presumably because of the complex substitution of four cations (Na+1, Ca+2, Al+3, and Mg+2) in omphacite. Therefore, simple arithmetic averaging is unsuitable for estimating thermal conductivity and diffusivity of the jadeite‐diopside solid solution system. The thermal property of eclogite was estimated from those of garnet and omphacite. The thermal conductivity of eclogite is much smaller than that of harzburgite, which is assumed to compose of 80% olivine and 20% enstatite, implying that subducted oceanic crust impedes thermal conduction from the hotter wedge mantle to the subducting slab. Thermal structure simulation results show that temperature of the subduction zone is about 50°C decreased when the effect of oceanic crust is included.
Multimetallic Iridium‐Tin (Ir‐Sn3) Catalyst in N‐Acyliminium Ion Chemistry: Synthesis of 3‐Substituted Isoindolinones via Intra‐ and Intermolecular Amidoalkylation Reaction
Authors: Maity Arnab Kumar , Roy Sujit 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe multimetallic iridium‐tritin (Ir‐Sn3) complex [Cp*Ir(SnCl3)2{SnCl2(H2O)2}] (1) proved to be a highly effective catalyst towards COH bond activation of γ‐hydroxylactams, leading to a nucleophilic substitution reaction known as the α‐amidoalkylation reaction. Catalyst 1 can be easily synthesized from the reaction of (pentamethylcyclocyclopentadienyl)iridium dichloride dimer {[Cp*IrCl2]2} and tin(II) dichloride (SnCl2). In terms of catalyst loading, reaction conditions and yields of the product formed, 1 is found to be superior compared to classical Lewis acid catalysts. Different carbon (arenes, heteroarenes, allyltrimethylsilane, 1,3‐dicarbonyls) and heteroatom (alcohols, thiols, amides and sulfonamides) nucleophiles have been successfully employed in the intramolecular and intermolecular alkylations, as well as in heterocyclization reactions. In the majority of cases good to excellent yields of 3‐substituted isoindolinones and 5‐substituted pyrrolidin‐2‐ones have been obtained. Besides, the reactions are also atom economical and salt free. It is proposed that the multimetallic Ir‐Sn3 catalyst behaves as a mild and selective Lewis acid to activate the γ‐hydroxylactam towards the formation of the N‐acyliminium ion; the latter being trapped by potent nucleophiles leading to the desired products.magnified image
An Efficient Tin‐Free Route to Small Molecules Based on Silole‐Modified Pentathiophenes for Solution‐Processed Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Yu Qing‐Cai , Fu Wei‐Fei , Wang Hong‐Yu , Wu Xiao‐Feng , Wan Jun‐Hua , Shi Min‐Min , Chen Hong‐Zheng 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA acceptor–donor–acceptor (A–D–A) molecule based on a silole‐modified pentathiophene (SiPTA) electron‐donor unit and two diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) acceptor units, DPP2(SiPTA), was designed and synthesized. An unsymmetrical molecule with D–A structure, DPP‐SiPTA, was also synthesized for comparison. Both molecules were synthesized using an environmentally friendly Suzuki coupling protocol, which was modified to avoid ring‐opening of the silole under basic conditions. The D–A design has an obvious effect on the electronic structure of these compounds. The D–A–D‐structured DPP2(SiPTA) has a much lower band gap and HOMO than D–A‐structured DPP‐SiPTA. Furthermore, the molecular symmetry significantly influenced crystallinity. Organic solar cells (OSCs) based on DPP2(SiPTA)/PC71BM (1:5, w/w; PC71BM=[6,6]‐phenyl C71‐butyric acid methyl ester) have a power conversion efficiency of 2.36 % with an open‐circuit voltage of up to 0.84 V, which, as expected, is much higher than that of the recently reported OSCs based on DPP2(NPTA) (0.71 V), in which pyrrole‐modified pentathiophene (NPTA) is the donor unit.
Spatiotemporal Changes of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase in Lithium‐Ion Batteries Detected by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy
Authors: Bülter Heinz , Peters Fabian , Schwenzel Julian , Wittstock Gunther 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in lithium‐ion batteries separates the highly reductive lithiated graphite from reducible electrolyte components. It is critical for the performance, durability, and safe operation of batteries. In situ imaging of the SEI is demonstrated using the feedback mode of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) with 2,5‐di‐tert‐butyl‐1,4‐dimethoxy benzene as mediator. The formation of the SEI is indicated by a decrease of the mediator regeneration rate. Prolonged imaging of the same region revealed fluctuation of the passivating properties on time scales between 2 min and 20 h with an inhomogeneous distribution over the sample. The implications of the approach for in situ assessment of local SEI properties on graphite electrodes are discussed with respect to studying the influence of mechanical stress on SEI reliability and the mode of action of electrolyte additives aiming at improving SEI properties.
Tumor‐Targeting of EGFR Inhibitors by Hypoxia‐Mediated Activation
Authors: Karnthaler‐Benbakka Claudia , Groza Diana , Kryeziu Kushtrim , Pichler Verena , Roller Alexander , Berger Walter , Heffeter Petra , Kowol Christian R. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe development of receptor tyrosine‐kinase inhibitors (TKIs) was a major step forward in cancer treatment. However, the therapy with TKIs is limited by strong side effects and drug resistance. The aim of this study was the design of novel epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors that are specifically activated in malignant tissue. Thus, a CoIII‐based prodrug strategy for the targeted release of an EGFR inhibitor triggered by hypoxia in the solid tumor was used. New inhibitors with chelating moieties were prepared and tested for their EGFR‐inhibitory potential. The most promising candidate was coupled to CoIII and the biological activity tested in cell culture. Indeed, hypoxic activation and subsequent EGFR inhibition was proven. Finally, the compound was tested in vivo, also revealing potent anticancer activity.
Exact Sampling of a Linear Interval Predictor
Authors: Combastel Christophe 
Published: July 2014

AbstractRecent advances in the design of interval observers have made it possible to ensure the non‐divergence of the computed state bounds from the stability of LTI systems under bounded inputs, with no need for additional monotony assumptions. Time‐varying changes of coordinates can be used to that purpose. Most of the related works result in either continuous‐time or discrete‐time interval dynamics. This paper proposes a constructive algorithm to compute the exact sampled response of a linear interval predictor under bounded inputs, gives a stability equivalence result and discusses the design of interval observers. The exact sampling requires held input bounds but the uncertain input itself needs not to be held. A numerical example exhibiting an oscillatory behavior illustrates the main results.
Impaired fasting glucose: a predictor of reduced survival in patients with heart failure
Authors: Gotsman Israel , Shauer Ayelet , Lotan Chaim , Keren Andre 
Published: July 2014

AimsGlucose abnormalities are associated with heart failure (HF), are increasingly prevalent, and may have an impact on outcome. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of fasting glucose levels on clinical outcome in patients with HF.Methods and resultsPatients with a diagnosis of HF as coded at a health maintenance organization in Jerusalem, Israel were evaluated retrospectively. Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was defined as fasting plasma glucose levels between 100 and 125 mg/dL. All patients were followed for cardiac‐related hospitalizations and death. A total of 6067 HF patients were included. Mean follow‐up was 487 days; mean age 75 ± 13 years; 48% of the patients (n = 2,942) had diabetes; and 11.9% (n = 722) had IFG. Overall survival during the follow‐up was 82.5%. Cox regression analysis after adjustment for significant predictors including age, gender, ischaemic heart disease, hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, body mass index, glomerular filtration rate, serum urea, sodium, and haemoglobin levels demonstrated that patients with diabetes and IFG had a very similar outcome. Both were significant predictors of reduced survival compared with ‘normal’ glucose levels (fasting glucose levels between 92 and 99 mg/dL) [diabetes, hazard ratio (HR) 1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–1.86, P = 0.01; IFG, HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.13–2.15, P < 0.01]. Diabetes and IFG were also predictors of increased cardiac‐related hospitalizations (diabetes HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.16–1.48, P < 0.001; IFG, HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.00–1.35, P < 0.05).ConclusionsDiabetes and IFG are common in patients with HF and have a similar effect on outcome including survival and cardiac hospitalizations. Glucose abnormalities including subclinical diabetes confer significant risk in patients with HF.
Exploring the Protein Folding Dynamics of Beta3s with Two‐Dimensional Ultraviolet (2DUV) Spectroscopy
Authors: Lai Zaizhi , Jiang Jun , Mukamel Shaul , Wang Jin 
Published: July 2014

AbstractUltraviolet (UV) spectra of proteins originate from electronic excitations of their backbone chromophore and aromatic side chains and provide a sensitive probe of the secondary structure. Recently developed femtosecond lasers allow multidimensional spectroscopy to be extended into the UV regime. Two‐dimensional UV (2DUV) techniques, with short pulses, provide a promising tool to study the structures and dynamics of proteins. We combined 2DUV spectroscopy and molecular dynamics generated free energy profiles to simulate the protein electronic transitions and UV photon echo signals to monitor the protein folding process of the small protein Beta3s. Near‐ultraviolet (NUV) and far‐ultraviolet (FUV) signals illustrate the variation of the 2D correlation plots when the protein evolves along the underlying free energy landscape. Chiral polarization configurations of the NUV and FUV pulses are sensitive to protein structural evolution. This work provides a protocol for applying multidimensional UV spectroscopy to study protein folding.
Optimal control of noncollaborative servers in two‐stage tandem queueing systems
Authors: Pandelis Dimitrios G. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe consider two‐stage tandem queueing systems with dedicated servers in each station and a flexible server that is trained to serve both stations. We assume no arrivals, exponential service times, and linear holding costs for jobs present in the system. We study the optimal dynamic assignment of servers to jobs assuming a noncollaborative work discipline with idling and preemptions allowed. For larger holding costs in the first station, we show that (i) nonidling policies are optimal and (ii) if the flexible server is not faster than the dedicated servers, the optimal server allocation strategy has a threshold‐type structure. For all other cases, we provide numerical results that support the optimality of threshold‐type policies. Our numerical experiments also indicate that when the flexible server is faster than the dedicated server of the second station, the optimal policy may have counterintuitive properties, which is not the case when a collaborative service discipline is assumed. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 435–446, 2014
An interactive approach to multicriteria sorting for quasiconcave value functions
Authors: Ulu Canan , Köksalan Murat 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn this article, we develop an interactive algorithm to place alternatives in ordered preference classes for a decision maker (DM) with an increasing quasiconcave value function. Such value functions are quite general in that they include linear and concave value functions. Our aim is to elicit sorting information from the DM as few times as possible; our algorithm places other alternatives using previous responses from the DM utilizing properties of quasiconcave value functions. As an application, we sort 81 global MBA programs into preference classes using criteria such as alumni career progress, idea generation, and diversity. We study the performance of our proposed algorithm, when we change the number of criteria, number of alternatives, and introduce response errors. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 447–457, 2014