bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pure Pancreaticocutaneous Fistula Shunted Into the Urinary Bladder. Lesson Learned by an Incomplete, Original Attempt
Authors: Violi Vincenzo , Salvemini Carlo , Darecchio Antonio , Detullio Paolo , Costi Renato 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Because pancreaticocystostomy is a method of exocrine secretion management in pancreas transplantation, a legitimate question is whether a pure pancreatic fistula could be shunted into the bladder. After duodenopancreatectomy for cancer, a pancreaticojejunostomy leakage was treated by pancreas-saving anastomosis disconnection. The resulting pure pancreaticocutaneous fistula was later diverted into the bladder using a Denver valved-pump device. Technical problems necessitated redoing the shunt using a modified technique and device. Although the system did work, catheter displacement outside the bladder finally caused device takedown and external fistula restoration. Our attempt did not succeed mostly because of our inexperience in dealing with an altogether novel issue without appropriate technology. Supposing its feasibility, a pancreatic-bladder shunt might have a role in treating pure pancreatic fistulas or creating an external fistula whenever the pancreatic remnant is unreliable for an anastomosis, or when a leaked anastomosis' disconnection is preferable to completion pancreatectomy.
A Rare Case of Anterior Chest Wall Schwannoma Masquerading as a Breast Tumor
Authors: Fujii Takaaki , Yajima Reina , Morita Hiroki , Tsutsumi Soichi , Asao Takayuki , Kuwano Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
A schwannoma is a tumor that develops on peripheral nerves or spinal roots. Although any part of the body can be affected, the breast is a quite unusual site for schwannomas. We report herein a case of schwannoma presenting as a breast tumor. In the current case, the tumor showed both clinically and mammographically as a well-defined breast mass. Of interest, sonographically, the well-defined mass appeared to be located in subcutaneous tissue, not in breast parenchyma, and this finding was confirmed histopathologically. These findings indicate the possibility that a schwannoma arising from subcutaneous breast tissue can show exophytic growth to the breast and appear as a breast tumor. In other words, our case implies the possible presence of a “pseudo” breast schwannoma.
Benefit of Oral Feeding as Early as One Day After Elective Surgery for Colorectal Cancer: Oral Feeding on First Versus Second Postoperative Day
Authors: Fujii Takaaki , Morita Hiroki , Sutoh Toshinaga , Yajima Reina , Yamaguchi Satoru , Tsutsumi Soichi , Asao Takayuki , Kuwano Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The optimal timing of early oral intake after surgery has not been fully established. The objective of this study was to compare early oral intake at postoperative day 1 after resection of colorectal cancer with that of day 2 to identify the optimal timing for resumption of oral intake in such patients. Consecutive patients with colorectal cancer who underwent elective colorectal resection were separated into two groups. Sixty-two patients began a liquid diet on the first postoperative day (POD1 group) and 58 patients began on POD2 (POD2 group) and advanced to a regular diet within the next 24 hours as tolerated. As for gastrointestinal recovery, the first passage of flatus was experienced, on average, on postoperative day 3.1 ± 1.0 in the POD2 group and on day 2.3 ± 0.7 in the POD1 group. The first defecation was also significantly earlier in patients in the POD1 group than those in the POD2 group (POD 3.2 ± 1.2 versus 4.2 ± 1.4, respectively). No statistical difference was found between the two groups in terms of postoperative complications. Our results suggest that very early feeding on POD1 after colorectal resection is safe and feasible and that induced a quicker recovery of postoperative gastrointestinal movement in patients.
Low Serum Interleukin-13 Levels Correlate with Poorer Prognoses for Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Saigusa Susumu , Tanaka Koji , Inoue Yasuhiro , Toiyama Yuji , Okugawa Yoshinaga , Iwata Takashi , Mohri Yasuhiko , Kusunoki Masato 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Interleukin-13 (IL-13) is an immunosuppressive cytokine produced by several immune cells and cancer cells. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine if serum IL-13 levels have an association with clinical outcome in patients with colorectal cancer. A total of 241 patients with colorectal cancer were enrolled in the present study. Preoperative serum IL-13 concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We analyzed the association of serum IL-13 levels with clinicopathological variables. Patients with lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion, vascular invasion, distant metastases or advanced stage of disease had significantly lower serum IL-13 levels. Low serum IL-13 was significantly associated with both poor recurrence-free and overall survival. Multivariate analysis showed that low IL-13 levels were an independent predictive marker for poor prognosis. In conclusion, our data suggest that low serum IL-13 levels may be a useful predictive marker for poor prognosis in colorectal cancer.
On the dynamics of hot air plasmas related to lightning discharges: 2. Electrodynamics
Authors: Ripoll Jean‐François , Zinn John , Colestock Patrick L. , Jeffery Christopher A. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn this paper, we develop a model of electrical discharge in air for the simulation of some of the electrical processes involved in lightning discharges, as in lightning return strokes and dart leaders. The discharge is initiated by a vertical electrical field and modeled using a nonlinear R‐L‐C circuit model, with which we attempt to simulate initiation, growth, radial expansion, and decay of electrical discharges related to lightning. This gas dynamic type model includes also both detailed air chemistry and accurate air radiation transport, as described in the first part of this article. For certain parameter configurations, our first lightning‐related discharge simulations compare well with lightning observations and actual knowledge in terms of chronology, charge and energy depleted, current created, electron concentration, temperature, pressure, and optical signature. We also discuss the difficulties to obtain fully consistent results due to the wide parameter variability, their uncertainty, and the complexity of the physics involved.
Antarctic Bottom Water production from the Vincennes Bay Polynya, East Antarctica
Authors: Kitade Yujiro , Shimada Keishi , Tamura Takeshi , Williams Guy D. , Aoki Shigeru , Fukamachi Yasushi , Roquet Fabien , Hindell Mark , Ushio Shuki , Ohshima Kay I. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractOne year moorings at depths greater than 3000 m on the continental slope off Vincennes Bay, East Antarctica, reveal the cold (<−0.5°C) and fresh (<34.64) signals of newly formed Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW). The signal appeared in June, 3 months after the onset of active sea‐ice production in the nearby Vincennes Bay Polynya (VBP). The AABW signal continued for about 5 months at two moorings, with 1 month delay at the western site further downstream. Ship‐based hydrographic data are in agreement, detecting the westward spread of new AABW over the continental slope from VBP. On the continental shelf, Dense Shelf Water (DSW) formation is observed by instrumented seals, in and around the VBP during autumn, and we estimate its transport to be 0.16 ± 0.07 (× 106m3s−1). We conclude that the DSW formed in this region, albeit from a modest amount of sea‐ice production, nonetheless contributes to the upper layer of AABW in Australian‐Antarctic Basin.
Extreme upper level cyclonic vorticity events in relation to the Southern Hemisphere jet stream
Authors: Harnik N. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe mean seasonal variation in the frequency of occurrence of extreme upper level cyclonic vorticity events, and its relation to the jet stream, is examined in the Southern Hemisphere. During the austral summer to fall, extreme cyclonic vorticity occurs most frequently at the upper level jet stream core, while during the austral winter to spring, there is a main peak on the poleward flank of the subtropical jet and a secondary peak on the poleward flank of the eddy‐driven jet. Composite analysis shows that the extremes in both seasons are associated with wave breaking and the formation of elongated vorticity tongues. In summer, extreme events occur when waves propagating on the eddy‐driven jet break nonlinearly, while in winter, extreme events occur when waves on the eddy‐driven jet interact with waves on the subtropical jet. In both seasons, these extreme upper level vorticity events are associated with significant positive precipitation anomalies and a pattern of alternating positive and negative surface temperature anomalies.
Possible slip history scenarios for the Hyuga‐nada region and Bungo Channel and their relationship with Nankai earthquakes in southwest Japan based on numerical simulations
Authors: Nakata Ryoko , Hyodo Mamoru , Hori Takane 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe Nankai earthquakes are great interplate earthquakes with recurrence intervals of 100–200 years, occurring along the Nankai Trough, southwestern Japan. New geological evidences suggest that the rupture area of the 1707 earthquake (one of the largest) extended farther westward than previously thought, and similar magnitude events may have recurrence intervals of several hundred years. West of the Nankai earthquake segments, in the Bungo Channel region, slow slip events (SSEs) have occurred with recurrence intervals of several years since 1980. Farther westward, no M ≥ 7.5 interplate earthquakes have occurred except for one in 1968 in the northern Hyuga‐nada region, near the Bungo Channel. We numerically simulated the generation cycles of Nankai earthquakes, Hyuga‐nada earthquakes, and Bungo Channel SSEs to obtain possible slip histories in these regions, particularly during 1707–1980. We showed that the Nankai and Hyuga‐nada earthquakes occur mostly independently, with average recurrence intervals of 151 and 117 years, respectively. An SSE patch slipped coseismically during both the Nankai and Hyuga‐nada earthquakes. The rupture of the Nankai earthquakes extended to the Hyuga‐nada region every ~500–600 years and was followed by quiescence of SSEs for more than 200 years. Subsequently, SSEs occurred repeatedly every 8 years. Current observational findings are generally consistent with the characteristics obtained from our scenarios, except regarding the recurrence intervals of Hyuga‐nada earthquakes, for which few observations are available. Further evidence of the slip history in these regions will be required to use information from such simulations to forecast future earthquakes.
Energetic particle impact on X‐ray imaging with XMM‐Newton
Authors: Walsh B. M. , Kuntz K. D. , Collier M. R. , Sibeck D. G. , Snowden S. L. , Thomas N. E. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSince energetic protons (∼100 keV) hinder space‐based X‐ray imaging, there is a need to characterize the proton environments encountered by a soft X‐ray mission when planning missions and operations in the near‐Earth environment. Impacts range from enhanced noise in the images to damage to CCD detectors. The high‐apogee (17.9 RE), inclined (40°), and elliptical orbit of European Space Agency's XMM‐Newton mission frequently passes through the Earth's Van Allen radiation belts on closed magnetospheric magnetic field lines, the magnetotail lobes on open magnetic field lines, and into the magnetosheath and solar wind on open solar magnetic field lines, four regions with very different energetic proton environments. We use XMM‐Newton measurements from 2000 to 2010 to survey the occurrence of proton strikes or “soft proton flares” on the European Photon Imaging Camera pn‐junction CCD detector. Proton flares affect ∼55% of all measurements. Rates vary from 50%at large radial distances in the solar wind and magnetosheath to 25% in the high‐latitude magnetotail lobes and increase to 66%of the measurements on closed low‐latitude magnetospheric magnetic field lines.
Molecular Genetics of X‐linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
Authors: Kemp Stephan 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X‐ALD), which affects 1 in 17 000 newborns, is one of the most puzzling inborn errors of metabolism of the central nervous system. All X‐ALD patients have mutations in the
ABCD1
gene, which affect the function of the encoded protein ALDP, an
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
‐binding cassette transporter located in the peroxisomal membrane protein. ALDP deficiency impairs the peroxisomal beta‐oxidation of very long‐chain fatty acids (VLCFA) and facilitates their further chain elongation by ELOVL1 resulting in the accumulation of VLCFA in the plasma and tissues. The clinical spectrum ranges from progressive myelopathy in adults to fatal cerebral demyelinating disease in boys and adult males (cerebral ALD). In the absence of a genotype–phenotype correlation, the disease course remains completely unpredictable, even within families, and is therefore defined by modifier genes, epigenetics and the environment. For the majority of patients there is no curative therapy.

Key Concepts:

The clinical spectrum of X‐ALD ranges from a progressive myelopathy (adrenomyeloneuropathy) in adult males and females to a fatal cerebral demyelinating disease in boys and adult males (cerebral ALD).

X‐ALD has been diagnosed in all geographic regions and ethnic groups, and there is no evidence that the prevalence varies with ethnic background.

Mutations in the
ABCD1
gene have no predictive value with respect to the clinical outcome of a patient.

Approximately 65% of heterozygous females develop AMN by the age of 60 years.

VLCFA accumulating in X‐ALD mostly result from endogenous synthesis through elongation of LCFA by ELOVL1, the VLCFA‐specific elongase.

Newborn screening allows prospective monitoring and early intervention.
Computational Methods in
SNP
Analysis
Authors: George Priya Doss C 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Genomic variations in the genome are the cause for various forms of diseases in human beings ranging from monogenic to complex ones. Among the 3.2 billion nucleotides that build our genome, there is only a 0.1% difference or variation between two randomly selected individuals. The simplest form of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) variation among individuals is the substitution of one single nucleotide for another at a homologous site in a population called single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Owing to increase in the number of SNPs in public databases, analysing the functional effects by classical genetics assessments remains a major challenge. To support this effort, a new branch of computational biology has emerged to differentiate the functional SNPs from neutral ones. In this point of view, special emphasis is placed on the existing computational methods in SNP analysis that are potentially most relevant to clinicians in large‐scale analysis.

Key Concepts:

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the building block of life that carries the genetic information in living things. It has a double helix structure which consists of two complementary strands of nucleotides.

DNA consists of four bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T) and cytosine (C).

Genomic variants consist of insertions, deletions, copy number variations (CNVs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

An SNP in which change in amino acid substitution leads to the same polypeptide sequence is termed as synonymous SNP (csSNP).

An SNP in which change in the amino acid substitution leads to the different polypeptide sequence is termed as nonsynonymous SNP (nsSNP).

Nonsense mutations are mutations that result in a different amino acid.

Frameshift mutations are genetic mutations caused by insertions or deletions of a number of nucleotides in a DNA sequence.

Nonsense mutations are mutations that result in a premature stop codon.

Functional impacts of nsSNPs generally fall into two classes, namely disease‐associated (deleterious) and benign/neutral (no observable phenotypic effect).
Bright field and dark field STEM‐IN‐SEM imaging of polymer systems
Authors: Patel Binay , Pearson Raymond , Watanabe Masashi 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe microstructural analysis of polymer systems (e.g., polymers and their composites) has largely been conducted by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). However, hard materials (e.g., metals and ceramics) are better suited for TEM imaging because such materials can withstand the high energy electron beam generated in TEM instruments. Recently, scanning TEM in scanning electron microscopy (STEM‐IN‐SEM) has emerged as a viable alternative to TEM imaging of polymer systems. STEM‐IN‐SEM uses a versatile and user‐friendly SEM instrument for examining the microstructure of polymer systems. In this study, we outline our method for STEM‐IN‐SEM imaging and apply it to the imaging of various commercial and model polymer systems. Imaging results are evaluated on the basis of measured signal intensity, which compare favorably to microstructural analysis using more costly TEM and STEM instruments. Furthermore, these comparable signal intensities are achieved through STEM‐IN‐SEM imaging with specimens that are three times thicker than those required for conventional TEM imaging. In this respect, as compared to TEM, STEM‐IN‐SEM offers faster specimen preparation times coupled with easier usability and lower maintenance costs, which are all attractive attributes for efficient quality control measures in industry. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40851.
Passive Location Using TDOA Measurements from Compass Satellite Illuminators
Authors: Wu Pan‐Long , Li Xingxiu , Zhang Lianzheng , Bo Yuming 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn recent years, the passive radar detection system based on satellite borne transmitters has attracted widespread attention. In this paper, by taking the Compass satellite signal as the research object, the practicality of the Compass signal as an external illuminator of the passive radar is discussed with respect to ambiguity function. Then, a four satellite transmitters and one receiver location model based on the time difference of arrival (TDOA) is proposed and the corresponding location algorithm of the constrained total least squares (CTLS) in earth centered earth fixed coordinates is derived. Finally, the location accuracy of different algorithms is discussed and the geometric dilution of precision (GDOP) of the location system is analyzed. The comparative simulation results demonstrate that the CTLS‐based location algorithm can improve the location accuracy significantly, as the CTLS algorithm can reduce nearly 69% and 39% of the positioning error over LS and TLS algorithms, respectively.
Developing column material for the separation of serum amyloid P and C reactive protein from biological sources
Authors: Ersöz Arzu , Ünlüer Özlem Biçen , Dönmez Gülnur , Hür Deniz , Say R𝚤dvan 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTIn this study, we have investigated the isolation of serum amyloid P (SAP) and C‐reactive protein (CRP) from rainbow trout. It has recently been found that SAP is deposited in atherosclerotic lesions or neurofibrillary tangles, which are related to aging process and Alzheimer's disease. Given the importance of CRP, the CRP level in blood is becoming recognized as a potential means of monitoring cardiovascular risk. These two proteins, members of the pentraxin family of oligomeric serum proteins, were isolated from rainbow trout using N‐methacryloyl‐phosphoserine (MA‐pSer) immobilized poly (2‐hydroxy ethylmethacrylate) (PHEMA) cryogels as a column material in a fast protein liquid chromatography system. The separation process was verified in two steps. First, SAP and CRP proteins were isolated together from serum sample of rainbow trout using MA‐pSer/PHEMA cryogel columns. Second, SAP protein was separated chromatographically from CRP protein using the Ca2+ ion immobilized PHEMA cryogel column. According to the data, a new and effective technique has been developed for the isolation of SAP and CRP proteins from a biological source, rainbow trout. Finally, purified SAP and CRP were loaded using sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel and western blot analysis to investigate the purity of chromatographically isolated SAP and CRP compared with commertial SAP and CRP. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of a rapid and sensitive UPLC‐MS/MS assay for the determination of TM‐2 in beagle dog plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Lin Hongli , Zhao Yunli , Men Lei , Yang Mingjing , Liu Hui , Shao Yanjie , Wang Pei , Tang Xing , Yu Zhiguo 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTA simple and sensitive method based on ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) has been developed for the determination of TM‐2, which was a novel semi‐synthetic taxane derivative in beagle dog plasma. Cabazitaxel was chosen as internal standard. Following extraction by methyl tert‐butyl ether, the chromatographic separation was achieved on a Thermo Syncronis C18 column (50 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) by gradient elution within a runtime of 3.5 min. The mobile phase consisted of (A) acetonitrile and (B) 2 mmol/L ammonium acetate in water. The detection was accomplished using positive ion electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The MS/MS ion transitions were monitored at m/z 812.39 → 551.35 for TM‐2 and 836.36 → 555.26 for IS, respectively. The method was linear for TM‐2 (r = 0.9924) ranging from 2.5 to 1000 ng/mL. The intra‐day and inter‐day precisions (relative standard deviation) were within 8.0 and 17.6%, respectively, and the accuracy (relative error) was less than 2.3%. The extraction recovery ranged from 83.1 to 97.1%. The reliable method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of TM‐2 in beagle dogs after intravenous drip with different doses of 0.6, 1.2, and 2.4 mg/kg, respectively. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Pressure‐Induced Structural Phase Transition in the Half‐Heusler Compound CaAuBi.
Authors: Xie Lilia S. , Schoop Leslie M. , Medvedev Sergey A. , Felser Claudia , Cava R. J. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSingle crystals of CaAuBi are obtained from a melt of Ca, Au, and Bi in a 1:1:10 ratio (alumina crucible, 950 °C, 5 h, cooling to 400 °C with a rate of 2.5 °C/h).
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Pressure Control for Photoluminescence of MSiAl2O3N2:Ce3+/Eu2+ (M: Sr, Ba) Oxynitride Phosphors.
Authors: Huang Wan‐Yu , Yoshimura Fumitaka , Ueda Kyota , Shimomura Yasuo , Sheu Hwo‐Shuenn , Chan Ting‐Shan , Chiang Chang‐Yang , Zhou Wuzong , Liu Ru‐Shi 
Published: May 2014

AbstractM0.98SiAl2O3N2:Eu 2+0.02/Ce3+0.02 (M = Sr, Ba), Sr0.92‐xBaxSiAl2O3N2 :Eu2+0.04/Ce3+0.04 (x: 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 0.82, 0.92) and Sr0.98‐x (Ca0.55Ba0.45) xSiAl2O3N2:Eu 2+0.02 (x: 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4) oxynitride phosphors with broad band emission for white light‐emitting diodes are obtained by gas‐pressure sintering of stoichiometric mixtures of Sr3N2, BaO, Ca3N2, α‐Si3N4, AlN, SiO2, EuN, and CeN (BN crucible, 1.
ChemInform Abstract: SrAuSi3: A Noncentrosymmetric Superconductor.
Authors: Isobe Masaaki , Yoshida Hiroyuki , Kimoto Koji , Arai Masao , Takayama‐Muromachi Eiji 
Published: May 2014

AbstractPolycrystalline SrAuSi3 is prepared by hot pressing of a stoichiometric mixture of SrSi2, Au, and Si (h‐BN anvil cell, ≈6 GPa, 1500 °C, 1 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Challenges in the Search for Magnetic Coupling in 3d/4f Materials: Syntheses, Structures, and Magnetic Properties of the Lanthanide Copper Heterobimetallic Compounds, RE2Cu(TeO3)2(SO4)2.
Authors: Lin Jian , Chai Ping , Diefenbach Kariem , Shatruk Michael , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractLn2Cu(TeO3)2(SO4)2 (Ln: Y, Nd, Sm—Lu) with two different structural topologies are prepared by hydrothermal treatment of Ln2O3, CuO, and TeO2 in aqueous H2SO4 (autoclave, 230 °C, 3 d, cooling rate of 5 °C/h).