bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wrapping cytochrome c around single-wall carbon nanotube: engineered nanohybrid building blocks for infrared detection at high quantum efficiency
Authors: Gong Youpin , Liu Qingfeng , Wilt Jamie Samantha , Gong Maogang , Ren Shenqiang , Wu Judy 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBiomolecule cytochrome c (Cty c), a small molecule of a chain of amino acids with extraordinary electron transport, was helically wrapped around a semiconductive single-wall carbon nanotube (s-SWCNT) to form a molecular building block for uncooled infrared detection with two uniquely designed functionalities: exciton dissociation to free charge carriers at the heterojunction formed on the s-SWCNT/Cty c interface and charge transport along the electron conducting chain of Cty c (acceptor) and hole conducting channel through s-SWCNT (donor). Such a design aims at addressing the long-standing challenges in exciton dissociation and charge transport in an SWCNT network, which have bottlenecked development of photonic SWCNT-based infrared detectors. Using these building blocks, uncooled s-SWCNT/Cyt c thin film infrared detectors were synthesized and shown to have extraordinary photoresponsivity up to 0.77 A W−1 due to a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) in exceeding 90%, which represents a more than two orders of magnitude enhancement than the best previously reported on CNT-based infrared detectors with EQE of only 1.72%. From a broad perspective, this work on novel s-SWCNT/Cyt c nanohybrid infrared detectors has developed a successful platform of engineered carbon nanotube/biomolecule building blocks with superior properties for optoelectronic applications.
Rational molecular engineering of cyclopentadithiophene-bridged D-A-π-A sensitizers combining high photovoltaic efficiency with rapid dye adsorption
Authors: Chai Qipeng , Li Wenqin , Liu Jingchuan , Geng Zhiyuan , Tian He , Zhu Wei-hong 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is considered as a feasible route to the clean and renewable energy conversion technique. The commercial application requires further enhancements on photovoltaic efficiency and simplification on the device fabrication. For avoiding the unpreferable trade-off between photocurrent (JSC) and photovoltage (VOC), here we report the molecular engineering and comprehensive photovoltaic characterization of three cyclopentadithiophene-bridged D-A-π-A motif sensitizers with a change in donor group. We make a careful choice on the donor and conjugation bridge for synergistically increasing JSC and VOC. Comparing with the reference dye WS-2, the photovoltaic efficiency with the single component dye of WS-51 increases by 18%, among one of the rare examples in pure metal-free organic dyes exceeding 10% in combination with traditional iodine redox couples. Moreover, WS-51 exhibits several prominent merits on potentially scale-up industrial application: i) facile synthetic route to target molecule, ii) simple dipping procedure without requirement of co-sensitization and iii) rapid dye adsorption capability.
In-Situ Welding Carbon Nanotubes into a Porous Solid with Super-High Compressive Strength and Fatigue Resistance
Authors: Lin Zhiqiang , Gui Xuchun , Gan Qiming , Chen Wenjun , Cheng Xiaoping , Liu Ming , Zhu Yuan , Yang Yanbing , Cao Anyuan , Tang Zikang 
Published: June 2015

AbstractCarbon nanotube (CNT) and graphene-based sponges and aerogels have an isotropic porous structure and their mechanical strength and stability are relatively lower. Here, we present a junction-welding approach to fabricate porous CNT solids in which all CNTs are coated and welded in situ by an amorphous carbon layer, forming an integral three-dimensional scaffold with fixed joints. The resulting CNT solids are robust, yet still highly porous and compressible, with compressive strengths up to 72 MPa, flexural strengths up to 33 MPa and fatigue resistance (recovery after 100,000 large-strain compression cycles at high frequency). Significant enhancement of mechanical properties is attributed to the welding-induced interconnection and reinforcement of structural units and synergistic effects stemming from the core-shell microstructures consisting of a flexible CNT framework and a rigid amorphous carbon shell. Our results provide a simple and effective method to manufacture high-strength porous materials by nanoscale welding.
Sleep monitoring of a six‐day microcycle in strength and high‐intensity training
Authors: Kölling Sarah , Wiewelhove Thimo , Raeder Christian , Endler Stefan , Ferrauti Alexander , Meyer Tim , Kellmann Michael 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis study examined the effect of microcycles in eccentric strength and high‐intensity interval training (HIT) on sleep parameters and subjective ratings. Forty‐two well‐trained athletes (mean age 23.2 ± 2.4 years) were either assigned to the strength (n = 21; mean age 23.6 ± 2.1 years) or HIT (n = 21; mean age 22.8 ± 2.6 years) protocol. Sleep monitoring was conducted with multi‐sensor actigraphy (SenseWear Armband™, Bodymedia, Pittsburg, PA, USA) and sleep log for 14 days. After a five‐day baseline phase, participants completed either eccentric accented strength or high‐intensity interval training for six days, with two training sessions per day. This training phase was divided into two halves (part 1 and 2) for statistical analyses. A three‐day post phase concluded the monitoring. The Recovery‐Stress Questionnaire for Athletes was applied at baseline, end of part 2, and at the last post‐day. Mood ratings were decreased during training, but returned to baseline values afterwards in both groups. Sleep parameters in the strength group remained constant over the entire process. The HIT group showed trends of unfavourable sleep during the training phase (e.g., objective sleep efficiency at part 2: mean = 83.6 ± 7.8%, F3,60 = 2.57, P = 0.06, = 0.114) and subjective improvements during the post phase for awakenings (F3,60 = 2.96, P = 0.04, = 0.129) and restfulness of sleep (F3,60 = 9.21, P < 0.001, = 0.315). Thus, the HIT protocol seems to increase higher recovery demands than strength training, and sufficient sleep time should be emphasised and monitored.
Minimal Length Effects on Schwinger Mechanism*
Authors: Mu Ben-Rong , Wang Peng , Yang Hai-Tang 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate effects of the minimal length on the Schwinger mechanism using the quantum field theory (QFT) incorporating the minimal length. We first study the Schwinger mechanism for scalar fields in both usual QFT and the deformed QFT. The same calculations are then performed in the case of Dirac particles. Finally, we discuss how our results imply for the corrections to the Unruh temperature and the Hawking temperature due to the minimal length.
Multi-Solitons and Combined Solitons with Self-Similar Behaviors in a Birefringent Fiber with Higher-Order Effects*
Authors: Wu Hong-Yu , Jiang Li-Hong 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
A coupled variable-coefficient higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation in birefringent fiber is studied, and analytical multi-soliton, combined bright and dark soliton, W-shaped and M-shaped soliton solutions are obtained. Nonlinear tunnelling of these combined solitons in dispersion barrier and dispersion well on an exponential background is discussed, and the decaying or increasing, even lossless tunnelling behaviors of combined solitons are decided by the decaying or increasing parameter.
Evolution Properties of Atomic Fidelity in the Combined Multi-Atom-Cavity Field System*
Authors: Wang Ju-Xia , Zhang Xiao-Juan , Zhang Xiu-Xing 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The atom fidelity is investigated in a system consisting of Mtwo-level atoms and M single-mode fields by use of complete quantum theory and numerical evaluation method. The influences of various system parameters on the evolution of atomic fidelity are studied. The results show that the atomic fidelity evolves in a Rabi oscillation manner. The oscillation frequency is mainly modulated by the coupling strength between atoms and light field, the atomic transition probabilities and the average photon numbers. Other factors hardly impact on the atomic fidelity. The present results may provide a useful approach to the maintenance of the atomic fidelity in the atom cavity field systems.
Magnetically Controlled Electronic Transport Properties of a Ferromagnetic Junction on the Surface of a Topological Insulator*
Authors: Liu Zheng-Qin , Wang Rui-Qiang , Deng Ming-Xun , Hu Liang-Bin 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
We have investigated the transport properties of the Dirac fermions through a ferromagnetic barrier junction on the surface of a strong topological insulator. The current-voltage characteristic curve and the tunneling conductance are calculated theoretically. Two interesting transport features are predicted: observable negative differential conductances and linear conductances tunable from unit to nearly zero. These features can be magnetically manipulated simply by changing the spacial orientation of the magnetization. Our results may contribute to the development of high-speed switching and functional applications or electrically controlled magnetization switching.
oposSOM: R-package for high-dimensional portraying of genome-wide expression landscapes on bioconductor
Authors: Löffler-Wirth Henry , Kalcher Martin , Binder Hans 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Motivation: Comprehensive analysis of genome-wide molecular data challenges bioinformatics methodology in terms of intuitive visualization with single-sample resolution, biomarker selection, functional information mining and highly granular stratification of sample classes. oposSOM combines those functionalities making use of a comprehensive analysis and visualization strategy based on self-organizing maps (SOM) machine learning which we call ‘high-dimensional data portraying’. The method was successfully applied in a series of studies using mostly transcriptome data but also data of other OMICs realms.
Availability and implementation: oposSOM is now publicly available as Bioconductor R package.
Contact: wirth@izbi.uni-leipzig.de
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Domain adaptation for semantic role labeling of clinical text
Authors: Zhang Yaoyun , Tang Buzhou , Jiang Min , Wang Jingqi , Xu Hua 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjective Semantic role labeling (SRL), which extracts a shallow semantic relation representation from different surface textual forms of free text sentences, is important for understanding natural language. Few studies in SRL have been conducted in the medical domain, primarily due to lack of annotated clinical SRL corpora, which are time-consuming and costly to build. The goal of this study is to investigate domain adaptation techniques for clinical SRL leveraging resources built from newswire and biomedical literature to improve performance and save annotation costs.Materials and Methods Multisource Integrated Platform for Answering Clinical Questions (MiPACQ), a manually annotated SRL clinical corpus, was used as the target domain dataset. PropBank and NomBank from newswire and BioProp from biomedical literature were used as source domain datasets. Three state-of-the-art domain adaptation algorithms were employed: instance pruning, transfer self-training, and feature augmentation. The SRL performance using different domain adaptation algorithms was evaluated by using 10-fold cross-validation on the MiPACQ corpus. Learning curves for the different methods were generated to assess the effect of sample size.Results and Conclusion When all three source domain corpora were used, the feature augmentation algorithm achieved statistically significant higher F-measure (83.18%), compared to the baseline with MiPACQ dataset alone (F-measure, 81.53%), indicating that domain adaptation algorithms may improve SRL performance on clinical text. To achieve a comparable performance to the baseline method that used 90% of MiPACQ training samples, the feature augmentation algorithm required &lt;50% of training samples in MiPACQ, demonstrating that annotation costs of clinical SRL can be reduced significantly by leveraging existing SRL resources from other domains.
Einstein's legacy in galaxy surveys
Authors: Camera Stefano , Maartens Roy , Santos Mário G. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Non-Gaussianity in the primordial fluctuations that seeded structure formation produces a signal in the galaxy power spectrum on very large scales. This signal contains vital information about the primordial Universe, but it is very challenging to extract, because of cosmic variance and large-scale systematics – especially after the Planck experiment has already ruled out a large amplitude for the signal. Whilst cosmic variance and experimental systematics can be alleviated by the multitracer method, we here address another systematic – introduced by not using the correct relativistic analysis of the power spectrum on very large scales. In order to reduce the errors on fNL, we need to include measurements on the largest possible scales. Failure to include the relativistic effects on these scales can introduce significant bias in the best-fit value of fNL from future galaxy surveys.
High-resolution ALMA observations of SDP.81. I. The innermost mass profile of the lensing elliptical galaxy probed by 30 milli-arcsecond images
Authors: Tamura Yoichi , Oguri Masamune , Iono Daisuke , Hatsukade Bunyo , Matsuda Yuichi , Hayashi Masao 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
We report the detailed modeling of the mass profile of a z = 0.2999 massive elliptical galaxy using 30 milli-arcsecond resolution 1 mm Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) images of the galaxy–galaxy lensing system SDP.81. The detailed morphology of the lensed multiple images of the z = 3.042 infrared-luminous galaxy, which is found to consist of tens of ≲ 100 pc-sized star-forming clumps embedded in a ∼ 2 kpc disk, are well reproduced by a lensing galaxy modeled by an isothermal ellipsoid with a 400 pc core. The core radius is consistent with that of the visible stellar light, and the mass-to-light ratio of ${\sim}\,2\,M_{\odot }\,L_{\odot }^{-1}$ is comparable to the locally measured value, suggesting that the inner 1 kpc region is dominated by luminous matter. The position of the predicted mass centroid is consistent to within ≃ 30 mas with a non-thermal source detected with ALMA, which likely traces an active galactic nucleus of the foreground elliptical galaxy. While the black hole mass and the core radius of the elliptical galaxy are degenerate, a point source mass of &gt; 3 × 108 M⊙ mimicking a supermassive black hole is required to explain the non-detection of a central image of the background galaxy. The required mass is consistent with the prediction from the well-known correlation between black hole mass and host velocity dispersion. Our analysis demonstrates the power of high resolution imaging of strong gravitational lensing for studying the innermost mass profile and the central supermassive black hole of distant elliptical galaxies.
Effect of Laser Peripheral Iridotomy on Anterior Chamber Angle Anatomy in Primary Angle Closure Spectrum Eyes
Authors: Kansara Seema , Blieden Lauren S. , Chuang Alice Z. , Baker Laura A. , Bell Nicholas P. , Mankiewicz Kimberly A. , Feldman Robert M. 
Published: June 2015

Purpose:
To evaluate the change in trabecular-iris circumference volume (TICV) after laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) in primary angle closure (PAC) spectrum eyes.

Patients and Methods:
Forty-two chronic PAC spectrum eyes from 24 patients were enrolled. Eyes with anterior chamber abnormalities affecting angle measurement were excluded. Intraocular pressure, slit lamp examination, and gonioscopy were recorded at each visit. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) with 3D mode angle analysis scans were taken with the CASIA SS-1000 before and after LPI. Forty-two pre-LPI ASOCT scans and 34 post-LPI ASOCT scans were analyzed using the Anterior Chamber Analysis and Interpretation (ACAI) software. A mixed-effect model analysis was used to compare the trabecular-iris space area (TISA) changes among 4 quadrants, as well as to identify potential factors affecting TICV.

Results:
There was a significant increase in all average angle parameters after LPI (TISA500, TISA750, TICV500, and TICV750). The magnitude of change in TISA500 in the superior angle was significantly less than the other angles. The changes in TICV500 and TICV750 were not associated with any demographic or ocular characteristics.

Conclusions:
TICV is a useful parameter to quantitatively measure the effectiveness of LPI in the treatment of eyes with PAC spectrum disease.
PIK3CA Mutations are Common in Many Tumor Types and are Often Associated With Other Driver Mutations
Authors: Stachler Matthew D. , Rinehart Elizabeth M. , Garcia Elizabeth , Lindeman Neal I. 
Published: June 2015

Objectives:
Genotyping clinical cancer specimens determines a fuller spectrum of mutations that an individual tumor harbors, and thus provides better insight into its molecular pathogenesis. Using genotyping data collected during routine clinical care our objective was to better determine the genomic landscape associated with PIK3CA mutations since much interest has been placed on PIK3CA targeted therapy.

Methods:
We performed multiplexed tumor genotyping within our CLIA-certified clinical laboratory on all consenting cancer patients who presented to the Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Center, regardless of histologic subtype. A total of 3252 cancers were genotyped for 471 mutations in 41 cancer-associated genes (including 23 mutations in PIK3CA), using a PCR-mass spectrometry assay.

Results:
A total of 288 (9%) samples contained a mutation in PIK3CA, involving 25 different primary sites. In 117 (41%) cases, the PIK3CA mutation was found with at least 1 other mutation, many known oncogenic drivers, while only 7% of the non-PIK3CA mutated cases, when comparing like tumor types, had >1 mutation (P<0.0001). Breast cancers had the highest rate of PIK3CA mutations (34%), which correlated with estrogen receptor + status (P=0.0002).

Conclusions:
These findings suggest that PIK3CA mutations may be a relatively late event and may function primarily in a supporting/modifying role, and not as a primary driver of oncogenesis. Although further studies are needed, our observations during clinical tumor genotyping suggest that when other pro-oncogenic pathways are mutated along with PIK3CA, then, PIK3CA inhibition alone may not be effective and combination therapy may be warranted.
Knowledge sharing, commitment and opportunism in new product development
Authors: Yam Richard C M , Chan Cliff 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– In today’s market, firms are riding on the wave of globalisation to enhance competitiveness through corporate collaboration in new product development (NPD). In joint NPD, huge amounts of information and knowledge are interchanged among business partners. However, industrial experience and past research have indicated that knowledge sharing among firms invite opportunism, that is, knowledge being leaked or misused by others. To determine the means to rectify the problems of opportunism in joint NPD, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of commitment and knowledge sharing on opportunism.Design/methodology/approach– An online questionnaire survey was conducted to verify the research model with 312 valid responses from manufacturing firms. The survey data were analysed by structural equation modelling, and the findings were verified by follow-up interviews.Findings– Contradictory to most studies, this study finds that knowledge sharing among committed business partners suppresses, rather than invites, opportunism.Research limitations/implications– This finding is new in the literature with strong managerial implication. Firms that hesitate to share their knowledge with others because of the fear of opportunism should commit more seriously to their business partners so that they could share knowledge for better NPD.Originality/value– This study has reversed the sceptical belief of knowledge sharing leading to opportunism. This new belief will encourage corporate collaboration in joint NPD. However, for a comprehensive view on opportunism in inter-firm NPD, other governance mechanisms, that is, contract and trust, should also be studied in future research.
The NICHD protocol: a review of an internationally-used evidence-based tool for training child forensic interviewers
Authors: La Rooy David , Brubacher Sonja P , Aromäki-Stratos Anu , Cyr Mireille , Hershkowitz Irit , Korkman Julia , Myklebust Trond , Naka Makiko , Peixoto Carlos E. , Roberts Kim P , Stewart Heather , Lamb Michael E 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to review an evidence-based tool for training child forensic interviewers called the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Protocol (NICHD Protocol), with a specific focus on how the Protocol is being adapted in various countries.Design/methodology/approach– The authors include international contributions from experienced trainers, practitioners, and scientists, who are already using the Protocol or whose national or regional procedures have been directly influenced by the NICHD Protocol research (Canada, Finland, Israel, Japan, Korea, Norway, Portugal, Scotland, and USA). Throughout the review, these experts comment on: how and when the Protocol was adopted in their country; who uses it; training procedures; challenges to implementation and translation; and other pertinent aspects. The authors aim to further promote good interviewing practice by sharing the experiences of these international experts.Findings– The NICHD Protocol can be easily incorporated into existing training programs worldwide and is available for free. It was originally developed in English and Hebrew and is available in several other languages.Originality/value– This paper reviews an evidence-based tool for training child forensic interviewers called the NICHD Protocol. It has been extensively studied and reviewed over the past 20 years. This paper is unique in that it brings together practitioners who are actually responsible for training forensic interviewers and conducting forensic interviews from all around the world.