bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coping with future epidemics: Tai chi practice as an overcoming strategy used by survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in post‐SARS Hong Kong
Authors: Siu Judy Yuen‐man 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundAlthough SARS had been with a controversial topic for a decade at the time of this study, numerous SARS survivors had not yet physically, psychologically or socially recovered from the aftermath of SARS. Among chronically ill patients, the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is reported to be widespread. However, extremely little is known about the use of CAM by SARS survivors in the post‐SARS period and even less is known about how the use of CAM is related to the unpleasant social and medical‐treatment experiences of SARS survivors, their eagerness to re‐establish social networks, and their awareness to prepare for future epidemics.ObjectiveTo investigate the motivations for practising tai chi among SARS survivors in post‐SARS Hong Kong.Design, setting and participantsUsing a qualitative approach, I conducted individual semi‐structured interviews with 35 SARS survivors, who were purposively sampled from a tai chi class of a SARS‐patient self‐help group in Hong Kong.ResultsHealth concerns and social experiences motivated the participants to practise tai chi in post‐SARS Hong Kong. Experiencing health deterioration in relation to SARS‐associated sequelae, coping with unpleasant experiences during follow‐up biomedical treatments, a desire to regain an active role in recovery and rehabilitation, overcoming SARS‐associated stigmas by establishing a new social network and preparing for potential future stigmatization and discrimination were the key motivators for them.ConclusionThe participants practised tai chi not only because they sought to improve their health but also because it provided a crucial social function and meaning to them.
Holy Women and Hagiography in Colonial Spanish America
Authors: Leavitt‐Alcántara Brianna 
Published: September 2014

AbstractHoly women and hagiography (autobiographies and biographies of saints and holy persons) were defining features of the “spiritual renaissance” that flourished in Spanish American cities during the 17th and 18th centuries. Recently, scholars have expanded their traditional focus upon nuns and convent literature to consider hagiographical texts about pious laywomen, or beatas, among them non‐elite, native, African, and mixed‐race holy women. This article considers recent approaches to holy women and hagiography, which rethink the “marginal” or “subversive” position of beatas and non‐Europeans within colonial Spanish Catholicism. These studies also challenge historiographical narratives about the uniformly repressive nature of Counter Reformation Catholicism and illustrate how priests diversely responded to the intersection of Universal Catholicism and local religion in colonial Spanish America. The scholarship under review suggests that the evangelizing spirit of the Counter Reformation and enthusiastic lay female religiosity, which crossed racial and class lines, fostered more flexible ideals of feminine and non‐European piety than previously imagined. More broadly, these studies rethink approaches to religion that emphasize paradigms of domination versus resistance, dichotomize official and popular Catholicism, and isolate religious experience and practice from broader and more complex colonial contexts.
Consumers' clothing disposal behaviour – a synthesis of research results
Authors: Laitala Kirsi 
Published: September 2014

AbstractConsumer decisions on clothing disposal are important from an environmental point of view, as they have an effect on the lifespan of clothing, as well as the potential for reuse and recycling. This article summarizes what is known about consumers' clothing disposal behaviour based on empirical literature published during the past 30 years. The goal of this synthesis is to integrate empirical research, find generalizable results, evaluate the used research methods and identify central issues for future research. Most clothing disposal studies concentrate on disposal channels, behavioural motivations, disposal reasons and demographics of consumers that behave in specified ways. Many consumers prefer to deliver clothing for reuse rather than to dispose of them, but convenience is paramount. Common disposal reasons for apparel were wear and tear, poor fit and fashion or boredom, in addition to lack of storage space. Survey methods are most common, which indicates the need of other research designs that preferably include the clothing items in method triangulation. Studied samples are dominated by young women and students, and research on more heterogeneous samples is needed.
Sustainability and consumption structure: environmental impacts of food consumption clusters. A case study for Hungary
Authors: Vetőné Mózner Zsófia 
Published: September 2014

AbstractConsumption of resource‐intensive food products is increasing in developed countries coupled with an increase of calorie intake. Although the quantity of food consumed is increasing in Europe, there are countries where food consumption is still in a transitional phase. In Hungary, the quantity of food consumed is decreasing compared with the previous decades. This tendency is favourable in environmental terms, although changes in consumption structure need to be analysed thoroughly in order to assess future possibilities. What seems to be favourable on aggregate level is not necessarily desirable on individual level. The paper focuses on food consumption, combining the analysis of food consumption structures and the related environmental impacts measured by the ecological footprint. The study is based on a national survey of a representative sample of 1012 Hungarian adults. Cluster analysis combined by multidimensional scaling resulted in six consumer segments regarding the food consumption structure. Evaluating the related ecological footprint of consumer groups, surprisingly those who consume more fruit, vegetables and dairy products do not have lower ecological footprints, regarding total food consumption. Consumers do not reduce their meat consumption in order to consume more healthy food and decrease the environmental impacts, but consuming more fruits and vegetables appears only to be supplementary. Understanding the revealed typology of food consumption structures in a Central European country can help to reach consumers when these food policy initiatives are undertaken to change the consumption structure and environmental impact of food consumption. Methodology and results of the article connect consumer segmentation and environmental impact measurement in order to discuss opportunities for more sustainable and healthier food consumption.
Dermatology training and practice in Australia
Authors: Sebaratnam Deshan F. , Murrell Dédée F. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundDermatology is a relatively young discipline in Australia compared to other specialities within the medical fraternity. From its humble beginnings, the profession has evolved significantly over the decades and is now represented by the Australasian College of Dermatologists which is charged with training the next generation of dermatologists and advocating for and advancing the profession.MethodsThe authors reviewed and describe the history of dermatology training and practice in Australia.ResultsDespite the progress in education, there are only 415 dermatologists serving a population of 23.3 million (1 per 58 000) and yet it has the highest incidence and prevalence of skin cancer in the world.ConclusionsThe scope of clinical practice is wide in Australia, with clinicians well versed in medical and procedural dermatology. It is hoped that Australian dermatology will continue to bolster the dermatology profession globally.
Prefreezing application of whey protein‐based edible coating to maintain quality attributes of strawberries
Authors: Soazo Marina , Pérez Leonardo M. , Rubiolo Amelia C. , Verdini Roxana A. 
Published: September 2014

SummaryPrefreezing application of whey protein concentrate (WPC)‐based edible coating to maintain quality attributes of strawberries was studied.Beeswax (BW) was added to the solutions (0%, 20% and 40% with respect to the solids contained in the mixtureWPC/glycerol). Coated and control fruits were frozen, stored at −20 °C and thawed. After thawing, weight loss, firmness, microstructure and colour parameters were measured. Coating with 20%BWreduced strawberries weight loss after thawing (55%). Strawberries firmness was maintained equally in all groups analysed although a slight improvement at the cell microstructure alterations caused by the freezing process was observed in coated fruits. Strawberries brightness was similar in all groups. Colour parametera* showed a tendency to decrease with the increasingBWconcentration, and onlyb* of coated fruits was lower than controls. The application of whey protein coating could be an attractive treatment to maintain quality attributes of strawberries undergoing the freezing process.
Topical use of citric acid for wound bed preparation
Authors: Malu Rajendra G , Nagoba Basavraj S , Jaju Chetan R , Suryawanshi Namdev M , Mali Santosh A , Goyal Vishav S , Misal Nikhil S 
Published: September 2014

AbstractWound bed preparation is the management of a wound in order to accelerate endogenous healing or to facilitate the effectiveness of split‐skin grafting. The formation of a healthy wound bed is a prerequisite to the use of advanced wound care products. Unless this is achieved, even the most sophisticated and expensive materials are unlikely to function correctly. An attempt has been made to use 3% citric acid ointment for wound bed preparation to prepare wound for grafting in five cases of wounds with large raw areas infected with multiple antibiotic‐resistant bacteria.
Sequential Separation of Uranium, Hafnium and Neodymium from Natural Waters Concentrated by Iron Coprecipitation
Authors: Arendt Carli A. , Aciego Sarah M. , Sims Kenneth W.W. , Robbins Mark 
Published: September 2014

A new ion exchange chromatography method is presented for the isolation of high field‐strength elements (HFSE) from freshwater and seawater samples that have undergone iron coprecipitation. Large volumes of water can be condensed through the application of iron coprecipitation, but clean separation of elements from the precipitate proves difficult. The technique described is a five‐column process designed to separate the HFSE, including rare earth elements such as neodymium and hafnium, before removing the iron and isolating uranium. Subsequent isolation of Nd and Hf was achieved using established ion exchange chromatography methods. The efficacy of our chemistry was verified by measurements of analytical reference materials – both reference solutions and seawater samples – subjected to the chemical separation methods described. Elution results indicate high yields (> 90%) determined by concentration measurements of a known reference material added to each column. Measurement results for isotopic compositions of seawater (U, Nd) and reference solutions (NIST SRM 960, U) were identical within uncertainty to previously published values. Compositions were identical between solutions (Spex CLMS3, Spex PLND2) that underwent different iron coprecipitation procedures. Isotopic determinations for reference materials JNdi‐1 and NIST SRM 960 measured with the mass spectrometers used in this study were in agreement with universally accepted values for these materials, and indicate high precision.
Non‐invasive short‐term assessment of retinoids effects on human skin in vivo using multiphoton microscopy
Authors: Tancrède‐Bohin E. , Baldeweck T. , Decencière E. , Brizion S. , Victorin S. , Parent N. , Faugere J. , Souverain L. , Bagot M. , Pena A‐M. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe occlusive patch test developed for assessing topical retinoids activity in human skin has been extended as a short‐term screening protocol for anti‐ageing agents. In this model, biopsies are performed at the end of the occlusion period for morphological and immuno‐histochemistry analysis. Multiphoton microscopy is a recent non‐invasive imaging technique that combined with image processing tools allows the in vivo quantification of human skin modifications.ObjectiveTo validate with gold standards of anti‐ageing that are retinoids, the relevance of multiphoton microscopy for kinetic and quantitative assessment in this model.MethodsTwenty women, aged 50–65 years, were enrolled. Retinol 0.3% (RO) and Retinoic acid 0.025% (RA) were applied to the dorsal photo‐damaged side of their forearm under occlusive patches for 12 days. A patch alone was applied to a third area as control. Evaluation was performed at day D0, D12 (end of treatment), D18 and D32 using multiphoton microscopy. Epidermal thickness, normalized area of the dermal‐epidermal junction (DEJ) and melanin density were estimated using 3D image processing tools.ResultsMain significant results are:

Epidermal thickening at D12, D18 and D32 with RO and at D12, D18 with RA vs. baseline and vs. control.
Increased DEJ undulation at D32 with RO and at D12 with RA vs. baseline and vs. control.
Decreased melanin content with RO (at D12 and D18 vs. baseline and at D32 vs. baseline and vs. control) and with RA (at D12 vs. baseline).
ConclusionsThis study shows that multiphoton microscopy associated to specific 3D image processing tools allows cutaneous effects induced by topical retinoids in this in vivo model to be non‐invasively detected, quantified and followed over time. This innovative approach could be applied to the evaluation of other active compounds.
Comparison of efficacy and safety profile of topical calcipotriol ointment in combination withNB‐UVBvs.NB‐UVBalone in the treatment of vitiligo: a 24‐week prospective right–left comparative clinical trial
Authors: Khullar G. , Kanwar A.J. , Singh S. , Parsad D. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundNarrow‐band ultraviolet B (NB‐UVB) is an effective and safe treatment for vitiligo. Calcipotriol, a synthetic analogue of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 may regulate melanin synthesis. Several clinical studies have been conducted but the synergistic effect of addition of calcipotriol toNB‐UVBin the treatment of vitiligo is still debatable.ObjectivesTo compare the efficacy and safety of topical calcipotriol (0.005%) in combination withNB‐UVBvs.NB‐UVBalone in generalized vitiligo.MethodsA prospective right–left comparative study including 27 patients of vitiligo was conducted for 24 weeks. On one side, calcipotriol was applied twice a day.NB‐UVBwas administered thrice a week. Response to treatment was assessed using change in Lund and Browder (L&B) score for percentage reduction in body surface area, investigator's global assessment (IGA) and patient's global assessment (PGA) scores. Treatment related side effects were noted.ResultsMean percentage reduction in L&B score at 24 weeks was 51.4% onNB‐UVBand 49% onNB‐UVBplus calcipotriol side (P = 0.557), meanIGAscore onNB‐UVBwas 2.7 ± 0.5 and onNB‐UVBplus calcipotriol was 2.6 ± 0.4 (P = 0.821) and meanPGAscore onNB‐UVBside was 5.6 ± 3.4 and onNB‐UVBplus calcipotriol side was 5.8 ± 3.2 (P = 0.706). Perifollicular repigmentation that matched with the surrounding normal skin colour was seen in majority of patients on both treatment sides. Calcipotriol produced mild local adverse effects.ConclusionsAddition of calcipotriol toNB‐UVBprobably does not enhance the efficacy of treatment including extent of repigmentation and time to initial repigmentation. Larger, randomized placebo‐controlled trials are required to determine whether addition of calcipotriol has any utility when administered withNB‐UVBin the treatment of vitiligo.
Immunohistochemical expression of VDR is associated with reduced integrity of tight junction complex in psoriatic skin
Authors: Visconti B. , Paolino G. , Carotti S. , Pendolino A.L. , Morini S. , Richetta A.G. , Calvieri S. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundCell junctions are crucial for the formation and maintenance of the paracellular barrier and for cell polarity in simple epithelia and endothelia. Altered localization and formation of tissue junction proteins in the epidermis have been described in plaque‐type psoriasis. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a nuclear hormone involved in anti‐proliferative and pro‐differentiation pathways in keratinocytes. However, still to date, vitamin D/VDR signalling involved in tissue barrier related to psoriasis remains largely unknown.ObjectiveTo study the expression of VDR and tight junctions (TJ) proteins (claudin 1, ZO‐1 and occludin) in psoriatic skin, and to correlate the expression of VDR with that of the junctional proteins claudin‐ 1, occludin and ZO‐ 1.MethodsA total of 20 psoriatic tissue samples were included in the analysis. Immunohistochemical studies for VDR, claudin‐1, occludin and ZO‐1 were performed.ResultsWe observed a reduction of VDR, claudin‐1 and ZO‐1 expression in psoriatic skin if compared to normal skin, and the statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between a downgrading of VDR expression and that of claudin‐1 (P < 0.005) and ZO‐1(P < 0.005).ConclusionsOur results suggest a new role of VDR in the maintenance of the homeostasis skin barrier. Although the exiguity of our cohort, VDR status appears to be associated with the expression level and functions of TJ proteins, suggesting multiple and different cellular functions of the VDR.
Evaluation of mirid predatory bugs and release strategy for aphid control in sweet pepper
Authors: Messelink G. J. , Bloemhard C. M. J. , Hoogerbrugge H. , van Schelt J. , Ingegno B. L. , Tavella L. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractZoophytophagous predators of the family Miridae (Heteroptera), which feed both on plant and prey, often maintain a close relationship with certain host plants. In this study, we aimed to select a suitable mirid predatory bug for aphid control in sweet pepper. Four species were compared: Macrolophus pygmaeus (Rambur), Dicyphus errans (Wolff), Dicyphus tamaninii Wagner and Deraeocoris pallens (Reuter). They were assessed on their establishment on sweet pepper plants with and without supplemental food (eggs of the flour moth Ephestia kuehniella Zeller and decapsulated cysts of the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana Kellogg) and on their effects on aphids with releases before and after aphid infestations. None of the predator species was able to control an established population of aphids on sweet pepper plants; however, the predators M. pygmaeus and D. tamaninii could successfully reduce aphid populations when released prior to an artificially introduced aphid infestation. The best results were achieved with M. pygmaeus in combination with a weekly application of supplemental food. Hence, our results demonstrate that the order and level of plant colonization by mirid predators and aphids determines how successful biological control is. Further studies are needed to evaluate the performance of mirid predatory bugs in sweet pepper crops in commercial greenhouses with multiple pests and natural enemies, in particular to understand how increased variation in food sources affects their feeding behaviour and preferences.
Quercetin Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier for Food Fortification: Preparation, Characterization and in vitro Study
Authors: Ni Shilei , Sun Rui , Zhao Guodong , Xia Qiang 
Published: September 2014

AbstractNanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) have been developed for encapsulation of bioactive flavonoids such as quercetin (QT). In this study, QT‐NLC was prepared by high‐pressure homogenization method. For the optimized QT‐NLC, the average particle size, the zeta potential and the average entrapment efficiency were 129 ± 12.13 nm, −26 ± 4 mV and 93.50 ± 0.35%, respectively. The developed QT‐NLC had good physical stability at ambient temperature condition. In vitro antioxidant activities assays showed comparable antioxidant activity of QT‐NLC to free QT. Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy analysis of QT‐NLC confirmed encapsulation of QT in NLC and no chemical interaction between QT and lipid matrix. Lyophilization was proved feasible for the storage of QT‐NLC dispersion. The in vitro release study in simulated gastrointestinal fluids showed a sustained release profile of QT‐NLC. The release of the QT‐NLC in simulated gastric fluids and simulated intestinal fluids was best fitted to Higuchi and Rigter‐Peppas model, respectively. The gastrointestinal tract model indicated that the bioaccessibility of QT within simulated small intestinal conditions was improved by encapsulation. The QT‐NLC also showed potential application in soft beverage. Particle size remained relatively steady in simulated beverage solutions for 2 months. It demonstrated that nanostructure lipid carriers could be designed as delivery system for encapsulation of bioactive compounds and applied in functional food industries.Practical ApplicationsQuercetin (QT) is one of the most common dietary polyphenols widely found in the plant kingdom, which has numerous benefits to human body. But due to its low solubility and unstability when exposed to alkaline media, photo and warm temperature, its application in the food industry is limited. This research aims at incorporating QT into nanostructure lipid carriers manufactured by high‐pressure homogenization method for improved bioaccessibility and achieving its application in food such as soft beverage.
Celery Juice Powder Used as Nitrite Substitute in Sliced Vacuum‐Packaged Turkey Bologna Stored at 4C for 10 Weeks Under Retail Display Light
Authors: Djeri N. , Williams S.K. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAntimicrobial and physicochemical properties of cherry powder (CH) and celery powder containing pre‐generated nitrite (celery juice powder, CJP) were evaluated in turkey bologna with 156 ppm modern cure/550 ppm sodium erythorbate (control–T1), 0.20% CJP (T2), 0.20% CJP/0.20% CH (T3), or 156 ppm CJP/469 ppm CH (T4). T4 had “vegetable/woody” aftertaste with lower (P < 0.05) appearance, aroma and overall acceptability than all other treatments. Lactic acid bacteria were similar for T1 and T4 during 4–10 weeks. T4 had lower (P < 0.05) anaerobic counts and L* values, and higher a*, b* and chroma than all other treatments. T2 had greater (P < 0.05) hue angles than TI and T4 during storage. Thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (except weeks 4 and 5), pH, fat and ash were similar among all treatments. Moisture was higher (P < 0.05) for T4 than all other treatments, which was attributed to CJP content of at least 50% carbohydrate and 8.0% crude protein. T4 had similar antimicrobial properties, but lacked flavor and color of T1, which suggested additional purification of CJP to reduce carbohydrate.Practical ApplicationThe healthy perception associated with natural and organic food products has led to a significant increase in their production because of consumer demand. However, it is imperative that natural products are safe, wholesome and of the same quality as their conventional counterparts. This is especially true for ready‐to‐eat processed vacuum‐packaged cured meat products. This research will have major impact on food safety and quality for the food processor as well as the consuming public.
Forecasting Replacement Demand of Durable Goods and the Induced Secondary Material Flows: A Case Study of Automobiles
Authors: Kagawa Shigemi , Nakamura Shinichiro , Kondo Yasushi , Matsubae Kazuyo , Nagasaka Tetsuya 
Published: September 2014

SummaryThe aim of this article is to propose a method for forecasting future secondary material flows by combining a product lifetime distribution analysis with a waste input‐output analysis and present a simple case study of automobiles. The case study demonstrates that the proposed method enables us to estimate replacement demand of new vehicles, number of end‐of‐life (EOL) vehicles arising from the aging of vehicles, volume of shredder scraps recovered from EOL vehicles, and volume of shredder scraps required to meet final consumption in the future.