bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Holographic entropy inequalities and multipartite entanglement
Authors: Hernández-Cuenca Sergio , Hubeny Veronika E. , Jia Hewei Frederic 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We study holographic entropy inequalities and their structural properties by making use of a judicious grouping of terms into certain multipartite information quantities. This allows us to recast cumbersome entropic expressions into much simpler ones which share interestingly rigid structures. By performing a systematic search over some of these structures, we are able to discover more than 1800 novel entropy inequalities for six parties, thereby demonstrating that these recastings provide a fruitful generating technique for uncovering new holographic entropy inequalities. In attempting to interpret the corresponding sign-definite quantities as correlation measures, we also obtain a no-go result: the superbalance property of holographic entropy inequalities turns out to preclude them from being monotonic under partial tracing. In the process, we also comment on the geometrical significance of multipartite information quantities and present various structural relations amongst them.
Local and global mechanical properties of orbital friction stir welding on API X65 PSL2 steel / Inconel 625 clad pipes
Authors: Volff Amavisca Carla , Vieira Braga Lemos Guilherme , Dornelles Ramos Fabiano , Bergmann Luciano , Reguly Afonso , Klusemann Benjamin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOrbital friction stir welding (FSW) is a promising approach to joining clad pipes. In this work, the influence of individual process parameters on the material flow even as, mechanical properties in orbital friction stir welded clad pipes is investigated. Due to the local heterogeneous microstructures within the weld, joints were evaluated by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), microhardness, and digital image correlation (DIC). A microhardness increase was observed, with a maximum of 380 HV0.5 within the Inconel 625 and 265 HV0.5 within the X65 steel stir zones. Sound joints had an average ultimate tensile strength (UTS) exceeding up to 13% of the calculated theoretical tensile strength, which is obtained considering the minimum tensile strength of both materials. Additionally, failure occurred in the base material during the tensile testing, where the local strain in the stir zones of the X65 steel and Inconel 625 were only 3.3% and 10%, respectively. In summary, this investigation shows friction stir welded joints of API X65 steel and Inconel 625 clad pipes with high mechanical properties.
Sustainable agriculture: leveraging microorganisms for a circular economy
Authors: Glockow Till , Kaster Anne-Kristin , Rabe Kersten S. , Niemeyer Christof M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Microorganisms serve as linchpins in agricultural systems. Classic examples include microbial composting for nutrient recovery, using microorganisms in biogas technology for agricultural waste utilization, and employing biofilters to reduce emissions from stables or improve water quality in aquaculture. This mini-review highlights the importance of microbiome analysis in understanding microbial diversity, dynamics, and functions, fostering innovations for a more sustainable agriculture. In this regard, customized microorganisms for soil improvement, replacements for harmful agrochemicals or antibiotics in animal husbandry, and (probiotic) additives in animal nutrition are already in or even beyond the testing phase for a large-scale conventional agriculture. Additionally, as climate change reduces arable land, new strategies based on closed-loop systems and controlled environment agriculture, emphasizing microbial techniques, are being developed for regional food production. These strategies aim to secure the future food supply and pave the way for a sustainable, resilient, and circular agricultural economy.

Key points
• Microbial strategies facilitate the integration of multiple trophic levels, essential for cycling carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and micronutrients.
• Exploring microorganisms in integrated biological systems is essential for developing practical agricultural solutions.
• Technological progress makes sustainable closed-entity re-circulation systems possible, securing resilient future food production.

Graphical Abstract
Microorganisms connect plant and animal agriculture through complex cycles involving carbon, nitrogen, phosphate, and additional micronutrients. This mini-review outlines the current and potential future roles of microorganisms in agroindustry.
Der Grundrechtsgehalt der Patientenrechte
Authors: Gutmann Thomas 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Recht des Behandlungsvertrags (§§630a–630h BGB) ist auf besonders intensive Weise durch die Horizontalwirkung der Grundrechte, namentlich des Selbstbestimmungsrechts des Patienten, geprägt. Alle ‘einfachrechtlichen’ Rechtsverhältnisse des Behandlungsvertrags sind im Licht der Grundrechtspositionen der Beteiligten zu interpretieren. Eine Vielzahl dogmatischer Einzelfragen wird auf der Grundrechtsebene vorentschieden. Einige der kommenden Entwicklungen sind bereits sichtbar. Mit der prinzipienorientierten Konstitutionalisierung der Materie sind veränderte Erwartungen an juristische Begründungen verbunden.
The use of CNNs in VR/AR/MR/XR: a systematic literature review
Authors: Cortes David , Bermejo Belen , Juiz Carlos 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study offers a systematic literature review on the application of Convolutional Neural Networks in Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Mixed Reality, and Extended Reality technologies. We categorise these applications into three primary classifications: interaction, where the networks amplify user engagements with virtual and augmented settings; creation, showcasing the networks’ ability to assist in producing high-quality visual representations; and execution, emphasising the optimisation and adaptability of apps across diverse devices and situations. This research serves as a comprehensive guide for academics, researchers, and professionals in immersive technologies, offering profound insights into the cross-disciplinary realm of network applications in these realities. Additionally, we underscore the notable contributions concerning these realities and their intersection with neural networks.
Deep learning for efficient reconstruction of highly accelerated 3D FLAIR MRI in neurological deficits
Authors: Liebrand Luka C. , Karkalousos Dimitrios , Poirion Émilie , Emmer Bart J. , Roosendaal Stefan D. , Marquering Henk A. , Majoie Charles B. L. M. , Savatovsky Julien , Caan Matthan W. A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
To compare compressed sensing (CS) and the Cascades of Independently Recurrent Inference Machines (CIRIM) with respect to image quality and reconstruction times when 12-fold accelerated scans of patients with neurological deficits are reconstructed.

Materials and Methods
Twelve-fold accelerated 3D T2-FLAIR images were obtained from a cohort of 62 patients with neurological deficits on 3 T MRI. Images were reconstructed offline via CS and the CIRIM. Image quality was assessed in a blinded and randomized manner by two experienced interventional neuroradiologists and one experienced pediatric neuroradiologist on imaging artifacts, perceived spatial resolution (sharpness), anatomic conspicuity, diagnostic confidence, and contrast. The methods were also compared in terms of self-referenced quality metrics, image resolution, patient groups and reconstruction time. In ten scans, the contrast ratio (CR) was determined between lesions and white matter. The effect of acceleration factor was assessed in a publicly available fully sampled dataset, since ground truth data are not available in prospectively accelerated clinical scans. Specifically, 451 FLAIR scans, including scans with white matter lesions, were adopted from the FastMRI database to evaluate structural similarity (SSIM) and the CR of lesions and white matter on ranging acceleration factors from four-fold up to 12-fold.

Results
Interventional neuroradiologists significantly preferred the CIRIM for imaging artifacts, anatomic conspicuity, and contrast. One rater significantly preferred the CIRIM in terms of sharpness and diagnostic confidence. The pediatric neuroradiologist preferred CS for imaging artifacts and sharpness. Compared to CS, the CIRIM reconstructions significantly improved in terms of imaging artifacts and anatomic conspicuity (p < 0.01) for higher resolution scans while yielding a 28% higher SNR (p = 0.001) and a 5.8% lower CR (p = 0.04). There were no differences between patient groups. Additionally, CIRIM was five times faster than CS was. An increasing acceleration factor did not lead to changes in CR (p = 0.92), but led to lower SSIM (p = 0.002).

Discussion
Patients with neurological deficits can undergo MRI at a range of moderate to high acceleration. DL reconstruction outperforms CS in terms of image resolution, efficient denoising with a modest reduction in contrast and reduced reconstruction times.
Development of an Injectable Hydrogel for Histotripsy Ablation Toward Future Glioblastoma Therapy Applications
Authors: Khan Zerin Mahzabin , Zhang Junru , Gannon Jessica , Johnson Blake N. , Verbridge Scott S. , Vlaisavljevich Eli 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant type of primary brain tumor. Even after surgery and chemoradiotherapy, residual GBM cells can infiltrate the healthy brain parenchyma to form secondary tumors. To mitigate GBM recurrence, we recently developed an injectable hydrogel that can be crosslinked in the resection cavity to attract, collect, and ablate residual GBM cells. We previously optimized a thiol-Michael addition hydrogel for physical, chemical, and biological compatibility with the GBM microenvironment and demonstrated CXCL12-mediated chemotaxis can attract and entrap GBM cells into this hydrogel. In this study, we synthesize hydrogels under conditions mimicking GBM resection cavities and assess feasibility of histotripsy to ablate hydrogel-encapsulated cells. The results showed the hydrogel synthesis was bio-orthogonal, not shear-thinning, and can be scaled up for injection into GBM resection mimics invitro. Experiments also demonstrated ultrasound imaging can distinguish the synthetic hydrogel from healthy porcine brain tissue. Finally, a 500 kHz transducer applied focused ultrasound treatment to the synthetic hydrogels, with results demonstrating precise histotripsy bubble clouds could be sustained in order to uniformly ablate red blood cells encapsulated by the hydrogel for homogeneous, mechanical fractionation of the entrapped cells. Overall, this hydrogel is a promising platform for biomaterials-based GBM treatment.
Imposed Mobility, Legal Ambiguity, Institutionalized Abandonment: Exploring the Sex Work Crimscape in Contemporary Poland
Authors: Dziuban Agata 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhen conceptually framed as a crimscape, the contemporary landscape of sex work criminalization can be understood as a complex array of policies relating to sex work, migration, trafficking, fiscality, and labor. Rather than working in isolation, these measures intertwine to shape the working conditions and lived realities of migrant sex workers. Through ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with Ukrainian sex workers in Poland, I demonstrate how this policy assemblage contributes to the vulnerabilization and precarization of migrant sex workers, marking their everyday existence with uncertainty and precarity, surveillance and policing, and the withholding of state protections, recognition, and rights. Analyzing the Polish sex work crimscape as a mode of sex work governance reveals how this policy assemblage translates into three interconnected conditions for migrant sex workers: imposed mobility, legal ambiguity, and institutionalized abandonment.
A critical exploration of first in family student persistence and the enactment of sisu
Authors: Delahunty Janine , O’Shea Sarah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper extends understandings of persistence by drawing on the innovative framing of ‘sisu’. Sisu is a recently theorised Finnish concept and, whilst not having a direct English translation, articulates an inner fortitude which is activated in adversity. To better understand persistence, we analysed interview and survey data collected in Australia from 376 students who were first in family (FiF) at university. Successful progression through a degree is largely regarded as moving forward in a linear fashion, with few gaps or disjuncture enroute. However, as this was contrary to the experiences of our participants, sisu provided a framework to challenge the construction of persisting to completion as linear and one-dimensional and move us beyond the hyper-individualism that characterises higher education systems. Sisu is regarded as a rich personal resource which is embedded in the collective community, where efforts to keep moving forward and remain resolute in adversity are both individual and communal. Our interpretations provide insight into the complex and subjective nature of persistence, especially for equity-bearing students as they negotiated systemic and subtle barriers that had potential to hinder their academic endeavours.
Beliaev Damping in Bose Gas
Authors: Dereziński Jan , Li Ben , Napiórkowski Marcin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAccording to the Bogoliubov theory the low energy behaviour of the Bose gas at zero temperature can be described by non-interacting bosonic quasiparticles called phonons. In this work the damping rate of phonons at low momenta, the so-called Beliaev damping, is explained and computed with simple arguments involving the Fermi Golden Rule and Bogoliubov’s quasiparticles.
A continuum model for in-plane analysis of masonry: an approach based on failure mode classification
Authors: Bertani G. , Patruno L. , D’Altri A. M. , Castellazzi G. , Cervera M. , de Miranda S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a multi-failure continuum model for in-plane analysis of masonry structures is introduced. The model is based on a recently-proposed single-surface multi-failure strength domain, and is here implemented in an elasto-plastic framework to perform nonlinear incremental static analyses on masonry walls. As a key feature of the model, the activated failure mechanism(s) can be identified and the corresponding plastic strains evolution computed. In particular, the distinction between crushing failure, joint failure (horizontal, vertical, and diagonal) and mixed joint-block failure is guaranteed by means of specific weights assigned to each failure mode. This amounts to a classification procedure which selects the active failure modes based on the information provided by the stress state. As a further novelty of this work, ad hoc nonassociated flow rules are then chosen to characterize each failure mode independently, so allowing a straightforward tracking of their nonlinear evolution. Well-known numerical examples are used to show the capability of the approach. From these, the proposed continuum model appears accurate and the tracking of the plastic strains related to the considered failure modes allows a straightforward interpretation of the results.
Qualitative analysis and optical soliton solutions galore: scrutinizing the (2+1)-dimensional complex modified Korteweg–de Vries system
Authors: Kopçasız Bahadır 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis investigation discusses the (2+1)-dimensional complex modified Korteweg–de Vries (cmKdV) system. The cmKdV system describes the nontrivial dynamics of water particles from the surface to the bottom of a water layer, providing a more comprehensive understanding of wave behavior. The cmKdV system finds applications in various fields of physics and engineering, including fluid dynamics, nonlinear optics, plasma physics, and condensed matter physics. Understanding the behavior predicted by the cmKdV system can lead to insights into the underlying physical processes in these systems and potentially inform the design of novel technologies. A new version of the generalized exponential rational function method (nGERFM) is utilized to discover diverse soliton solutions. This method uncovers analytical solutions, including exponential function, singular periodic wave, combo trigonometric, shock wave, singular soliton, and hyperbolic solutions in mixed form. Moreover, the planar dynamical system of the concerned equation is created, all probable phase portraits are given, and sensitive inspection is applied to check the sensitivity of the considered equation. Furthermore, after adding a perturbed term, chaotic and quasi-periodic behaviors have been observed for different values of parameters, and multistability is reported at the end. To gain a deeper understanding of the dynamic behavior of the solutions, analytical results are supplemented with numerical simulations. These obtained outcomes provide a foundation for further investigation, making the solutions useful, manageable, and trustworthy for the future development of intricate nonlinear issues. This study’s methodology is reliable, strong, effective, and applicable to various nonlinear partial differential equations (NLPDEs). As far as we know, this type of research has never been conducted to such an extent for this equation before. The Maple software application is used to verify the correctness of all obtained solutions.
The Category of $$\omega $$-Effect Algebras: Tensor Product and $$\omega $$-Completion
Authors: Lachman Dominik 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEffect algebras are certain ordered structures that serve as a general framework for studying the algebraic semantics of quantum logic. We study effect algebras which obtain suprema of countable monotone sequences – so-called $$\omega $$
ω
-effect algebras. This assumption is necessary to capture basic (non-discrete) probabilistic concepts. We establish a free $$\omega $$
ω
-completion of effect algebras (i.e., a left adjoint to the functor that forgets the existence of $$\omega $$
ω
-suprema) and the existence of a tensor product in the category of $$\omega $$
ω
-effect algebras. These results are obtained by means of so-called test spaces. Test spaces form a category that contains effect algebras as a reflective subcategory, but provides more space for constructions.
Soil nematodes modify interactions between nitrogen-fixing and non-fixing tree seedlings from late, but not early, successional stages
Authors: Gilarte P. , Plett J. M. , Pendall E. , Carrillo Y. , Nielsen U. N. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Aims
Plant community dynamics are influenced by interspecific interactions. Previous studies have shown that soil organisms play a key role in such interactions, but few studies have quantified soil fauna contributions.

Methods
We investigated the effects of root lesion (RLN) and bacterial feeding (BFN) nematodes on the interaction between seedlings of nitrogen-(N)-fixing tree species of Acacia and non-fixing Banksia from early and late successional stages of a temperate forest in a pot experiment.

Results
Nematodes had consistent, albeit minor, negative effects on both N-fixers and non-fixers in the early successional stage scenario. By contrast, BFNs increased biomass production of both species in late-stage monocultures and in Banksia in mixed cultures. Moreover, RLNs negatively affected late-stage Banksia in monocultures but promoted its biomass production when grown with Acacia. Reduced 15N concentration in Banksia indicates that the switch was driven by transfer of N from Acacia facilitated by RLN.

Conclusions
Soil nematodes thus moderate interspecific interactions differently in early and late successional stages.
The Influence of Contamination from Concrete Materials on the Growth and Accumulation of Metals within an Invasive Weed (Salix spp.)
Authors: Purdy Katherine , Reynolds Jason K. , Wright Ian A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUrban riparian vegetation is frequently dominated by invasive weeds, whose growth is often attributed to the elevated nitrogen and phosphorous in urban waters and soils. However, less recognition is given to other urban contaminants that may influence riparian vegetation. Previous studies have indicated that the dissolution of concrete modifies water and soil geochemistry and potentially enhances the growth of invasive species. This study investigated the relationship between urban water quality and the growth of an invasive urban riparian weed, willow (Salix spp.), to examine the contribution and influence of concrete materials. The study used water from endangered upland peat wetlands within and adjoining the Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area, many of which are in urban catchments and suffer degradation from water pollution and invasive weeds. In this study, willow cuttings were grown in a laboratory using four water treatments: pristine (non-urban), urban, and non-urban water exposed to two different concrete materials. The urban and concrete-exposed water treatments were associated with increased plant growth measures in addition to increased concentrations of barium and strontium that bioaccumulated in plant tissue.
Exploring the feasibility of implementing the SPELL-Links to Reading and Writing intervention
Authors: Dahl-Leonard Katlynn , Hall Colby , Capin Philip 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study examined six reading intervention teachers’ implementation of the SPELL-Links to Reading and Writing intervention with students in Grades 2 and 3. The purpose was to explore the extent to which teachers who received a one-day training session without ongoing coaching support were able to implement the intervention with fidelity. It also aimed to better understand the determinants (i.e., barriers and facilitators) of teachers’ implementation and their perceptions related to the importance, feasibility, and effectiveness of the intervention. Data from four sources (implementation logs, implementation observations, interviews, and surveys) were collected and analyzed. Participating teachers did not implement the intervention at the intended dosage of 4 days per week, but they did demonstrate high adherence and quality on average. Several barriers to implementation were identified, including intervention training, intervention content and structure, compatibility with existing practices, and alignment with goals. Notable facilitators of implementation were teacher capability and peer support. Teachers had varying perceptions of the intervention, with neutral satisfaction on average. These findings indicate a need for further research on determinants of intervention implementation as they may be crucial in supporting teachers’ implementation fidelity.