bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A π-Stacked Highly Stable, Insensitive, Energy-Containing Material with a Useful Planar Structure
Authors: Zhang Peng-cheng , Lin Qiuhan , Liu Shuliang , Qi Yuan 
Published: July 2024

Abstractπ-Stacking is common in materials, but different π–π stacking modes remarkably affect the properties and performances of materials. In particular, weak interactions, π-stacking and hydrogen bonding often have a significant impact on the stability and sensitivity of high-energetic compounds. A fused [5,7,5]-tricyclic energetic compound with a conjugated structure has been designed and synthesized. 4H-[1,2,5]Oxadiazolo[3,4-e][1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-g][1,2,4]triazepin-8-amine is obtained in 48% yield from 3-amino-4-carboxy-1,2,5-oxadiazole through an efficient two-step reaction. Owing to its layered planar structure and weak π interactions between layers, 4H-[1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-e][1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-g][1,2,4]triazepin-8-amine exhibits high thermal stability (T
d = 318 °C), low sensitivity (IS = 40 J, FS = 360 N), and relatively excellent detonation performance (D = 7059 ms–1, P = 20.2 GPa). This detonation performance is superior to that of the conventional explosive TNT. The developed procedure provides a new method for the synthesis of fused ring compounds.
Rate of Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Interns/House Officers in Nigeria
Authors: Muhammad Daha Garba , Gbonjubola Yusuff Tunde , Jamiu Monsur Olalekan , Abiodun Adesola Oyinkansola 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background Medical school is one of the most academically and emotionally demanding programs. The mandatory house job and internship year adds to the already high level of stress associated with medical school. The amount of time and effort invested is considerable. This dedication could be harmful to the young trainees' health, causing worry, despair, and stress. This study was undertaken to determine the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress among interns and house officers in Nigeria.
Materials and Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional survey in which 138 participants were conveniently recruited. The study used a self-report questionnaire with two sections that took approximately 10 minutes to complete. The first section collected sociodemographic information of the participants and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used in the second segment to assess depression, anxiety, and stress.
Results The rate of depression, anxiety, and stress among the participants in this study is 37.3, 42.5, and 15.7%, respectively. In this study, only duration of training has significant association with depression and stress (p < 0.05). However, all other sociodemographic variables showed no significant association with depression, anxiety, and stress (p > 0.05).
Conclusion The significantly high level of depression, anxiety, and stress found among the participants revealed that depression, anxiety, and stress are of public mental health concern. These may have negative effects on cognitive functioning, learning, and patient care.
Volar Plate Draping (VPD) for Severely Comminuted Proximal Phalanx Head Fractures
Authors: Varadha Rajan Ashwini , Varadharajan Vigneswaran , Bhardwaj Praveen , Sabapathy S. Raja 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhile proximal phalangeal joint injuries with comminution of the base of the middle phalanx are common injuries, proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint fracture dislocations with an intact base of middle phalanx and a comminuted head of proximal phalanx are rare. Volar plate arthroplasty and other described techniques prevail for the former injury, while the latter does not have any supportive literature on the exact method of management. We herein present a 20-year-old male with a severely comminuted head of proximal phalanx fracture with dislocation of the PIP joint, which was not reconstructable but was managed successfully with a novel technique of volar plate draping that resurfaced the raw phalangeal head. A 3-year follow-up of the patient, whose finger has full, painless, and complete functional range of movement, gives us the belief that this procedure can provide a fully functional finger where other methods fail to do so.
Effects of perceived situational factors on plastic packaging waste recycling behavior through environmental attitude
Authors: Ertz Myriam , Addar Walid , Tandon Urvashi , Zhang Ophela , Takaffoli Mahdi , Joued Leyla 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study explores the effects of perceived situational factors (cost, time, and effort) related to plastic packaging waste recycling behavior. It also examines the mediating role of environmental attitudes in this relationship. An online questionnaire-based survey administered to a pan-Canadian sample of 1000 respondents reveals that from an aggregate perspective, perceived situational factors positively and directly impact environmental attitudes and plastic packaging waste recycling. Because environmental attitude is also positively related to plastic recycling, environmental attitudes partially mediate the link between perceived situational factors and plastic recycling. From a piecemeal perspective, the perception of a higher degree of inexpensiveness, fastness, and effortlessness directly affects environmental attitudes and plastic packaging waste recycling. Hence, environmental attitude partially mediates the effect of consumers' perceived situational factors and explains their impact on plastic packaging waste recycling.
Perceptions of incarcerated people: prison conditions, public health, and justice in the United States
Authors: Hyatt Jordan M. , Andersen Synøve N. , van Tiem Britte 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCarceral conditions in the United States may serve as a proxy for crises within justice and health systems. This study seeks to consider and measure prison climate from the perspective of incarcerated people. By examining within-facility differences in carceral experiences, results shed light on the complex nexus between the carceral context, health, and justice. We administered the Prison Climate Questionnaire (PCQ) to the complete population of incarcerated men in a correctional facility located in the Eastern United States. In this facility, housing units hold distinct populations, fulfill different functions, and can offer unique programming. We regress select items from the PCQ on a set of dummies corresponding to different residential units within the facility. Responses indicate low but relatively uniform perceptions of overall personal health, as well as access to, and satisfaction with, medical care. Between-unit differences emerge regarding staff relationships, experiences of discrimination, and levels of isolation. The perspectives of incarcerated people can, and should, play a role in understanding and conceptualizing the nature of the prison environment. Policy responses, especially those that impact the health and well-being of currently and formerly incarcerated people, can be informed by these perspectives.
Technology investment and insurer efficiency
Authors: Neale Faith Roberts , Drake Pamela Peterson , Jin Licheng , Lai Gene 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We examine the role of technology expense and asset data items with insurer efficiency. We show that insurers increasing investment in technology classified as expenses, experience increases in allocative efficiency the following year. Insurers that increase expenditures classified as technology assets realize decreases in cost and allocative efficiency the next year. In addition, we find that expensed technology contains different information than those classified as assets with the association of expenditures in assets with efficiency dominating expensed technology. Our findings support that expensed technology items are for innovative applications and technology assets are used to support general business operations. We also explore the possibility that the reduction of commissions to agents is a mediator through which technology expenses affect efficiency, but do not find support for this mediation.
Room-temperature strong coupling between CdSe nanoplatelets and a metal–DBR Fabry–Pérot cavity
Authors: Morshed Ovishek , Amin Mitesh , Cogan Nicole M. B. , Koessler Eric R. , Collison Robert , Tumiel Trevor M. , Girten William , Awan Farwa , Mathis Lele , Huo Pengfei , Vamivakas A. Nickolas , Odom Teri W. , Krauss Todd D. 
Published: July 2024

The generation of exciton–polaritons through strong light–matter interactions represents an emerging platform for exploring quantum phenomena. A significant challenge in colloidal nanocrystal-based polaritonic systems is the ability to operate at room temperature with high fidelity. Here, we demonstrate the generation of room-temperature exciton–polaritons through the coupling of CdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) with a Fabry–Pérot optical cavity, leading to a Rabi splitting of 74.6 meV. Quantum–classical calculations accurately predict the complex dynamics between the many dark state excitons and the optically allowed polariton states, including the experimentally observed lower polariton photoluminescence emission, and the concentration of photoluminescence intensities at higher in-plane momenta as the cavity becomes more negatively detuned. The Rabi splitting measured at 5 K is similar to that at 300 K, validating the feasibility of the temperature-independent operation of this polaritonic system. Overall, these results show that CdSe NPLs are an excellent material to facilitate the development of room-temperature quantum technologies.
Natural Language Processing for Ancient Greek
Authors: Stopponi Silvia , Pedrazzini Nilo , Peels-Matthey Saskia , McGillivray Barbara , Nissim Malvina 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Computational methods have produced meaningful and usable results to study word semantics, including semantic
change. These methods, belonging to the field of Natural Language Processing, have recently been applied to ancient languages; in
particular, language modelling has been applied to Ancient Greek, the language on which we focus. In this contribution we explain
how vector representations can be computed from word co-occurrences in a corpus and can be used to locate words in a semantic space,
and what kind of semantic information can be extracted from language models. We compare three different kinds of language models
that can be used to study Ancient Greek semantics: a count-based model, a word embedding model and a syntactic embedding model;
and we show examples of how the quality of their representations can be assessed. We highlight the advantages and potential of
these methods, especially for the study of semantic change, together with their limitations.
Discourse and transformation
Authors: Jiang Xiangyi , Zhang Chenxia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper sets out to investigate the representation of energy in China’s diplomatic discourse in a context where
power structures within and among nation-states are shifting and energy is becoming more politicized. To do this, this research
adopts corpus-assisted discourse-historical analysis to examine discursive strategies and investigates the way energy is
constructed in China’s diplomacy. Results show a dichotomy of an active ingroup and an indifferent outgroup, revealing a reversal
of power in the fierce competition of discourse in the international energy sector, which serves as a catalyst for the creation of
demand for new energy sources and the development of new energy industries. The analysis of grounded linguistic evidences also
signifies that discourse is the site where power is not only enacted and performed, but also negotiated and contested.
Shape and parameter identification by the linear sampling method for a restricted Fourier integral operator
Authors: Audibert Lorenzo , Meng Shixu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this paper we provide a new linear sampling method based on the same data but a different definition of the data operator for two inverse problems: the multi-frequency inverse source problem for a fixed observation direction and the Born inverse scattering problems. We show that the associated regularized linear sampling indicator converges to the average of the unknown in a small neighborhood as the regularization parameter approaches to zero. We develop both a shape identification theory and a parameter identification theory which are stimulated, analyzed, and implemented with the help of the prolate spheroidal wave functions and their generalizations. We further propose a prolate-based implementation of the linear sampling method and provide numerical experiments to demonstrate how this linear sampling method is capable of reconstructing both the shape and the parameter.
Large stroke electromagnetic redundant actuated six degrees-of-freedom parallel compliant micropositioning stage
Authors: Xie Chao , Lai Leijie , Chen Yunzhuang , Zhu Limin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a novel large stroke six degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) electromagnetic redundant actuated micropositioning stage is proposed. The 6-DOF stage adopts a configuration that is composed of eight parallel driving branch chains. Each branch chain is driven by a voice coil motor and incorporates a parallelogram flexure mechanism and a decoupling mechanism for guidance and decoupling. The positioning stage is symmetrically arranged and possesses the advantages of simple structure and easy assembly. As a result, assembly errors are significantly reduced and positioning accuracy is enhanced. The decoupling mechanism uses a large stroke flexible ball joint that increases the motion range of the positioning stage and decouples the coupled motion, thereby enhancing the stability and accuracy of the stage. To evaluate the performance of the stage, static and dynamic analytical models of the 6-DOF stage are derived based on the compliance matrix method and the Lagrangian dynamic modeling method. Additionally, the accuracy of the analytical models and the static and dynamic performances of the positioning stage are verified through finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental testing. The experimental results demonstrate that the stage realizes a workspace of 2.06 mm × 2.02 mm × 3.1 mm × 23.4 mrad × 23.1 mrad × 14.9 mrad. Finally, to verify the tracking performance trajectory of the 6-DOF positioning stage, tracking experiments are performed using a controller that combines a proportional-integral controller and a notch filter.
Influence of orbital angular momentum of light on random spin-split modes in disordered anisotropic optical media
Authors: Panda Anwesha , Dey Sneha , Panda Yogishree Arabinda , Dash Aditya Anurag , Jana Aloke , Ghosh Nirmalya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Spin–orbit interaction of light in a disordered anisotropic medium is known to yield spin split modes in the momentum domain because of the random spatial gradient of the geometric phase of light. Here, we have studied the statistics of such spin-split modes for beams carrying intrinsic orbital angular momentum through the quantification of momentum domain entropy and investigated its dependence on various beam parameters. The influence of the spatial structure of the beam and the phase vortex on the statistics of the spin split modes were separately investigated using input Laguerre–Gaussian and Perfect Vortex beams passing through a disordered anisotropic medium with controlled input disorder parameter, which was realized by modulating the pixels of a liquid crystal-based spatial light modulator. The results of systematic investigations on the impact of beam waist, spot size and topological charge of the vortex beam show that the influence of the spot size on the emergence of the random spin split modes is much more significant as compared to the other beam parameters.
Formation of {111} oriented domains during the sputtering epitaxy growth of (001) oriented Iridium films
Authors: Weippert Jürgen , Kirste Lutz , Straňák Patrik , Sundarapandian Balasubramanian , Engels Jan , Oeser Sabine , Graff Andreas , Lebedev Vadim 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the wafer-scale growth of Ir(001) on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) by magnetron sputtering epitaxy two kinds of {111} oriented domains are observed. One consists of sharp ‘fjord’-shaped features in which four 90° alternated rotational variants of {111} are possible and the second one consists of islands with less defined shapes in which eight 45° alternated rotational variants can be found. Their formation occurs directly at the Ir/YSZ interface along incoherent grain boundaries, likely nucleating at local defects of the YSZ surface. In order to avoid these misoriented domains, process separation and proper etching pretreatment of the wafers both before and between the sputtering processes have been found to be the key strategy for achieving reproducibility and overall better material quality.
Spin–wave dynamics in perpendicularly magnetized antidot multilayers
Authors: De Anulekha , Pal Semanti , Hellwig Olav , Barman Anjan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Using all-optical time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements we demonstrate an efficient modulation of the spin–wave (SW) dynamics via the bias magnetic field orientation around nanoscale diamond shaped antidots that are arranged on a square lattice within a [Co(0.75 nm)/Pd(0.9 nm)]8 multilayer with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). Micromagnetic modeling of the experimental results reveals that the SW modes in the lower frequency regime are related to narrow shell regions around the antidots, where in-plane (IP) domain structures are formed due to the reduced PMA, caused by Ga+ ion irradiation during the focused ion beam milling process of antidot fabrication. The IP direction of the shell magnetization undergoes a striking change with magnetic field orientation, leading to the sharp variation of the edge localized (shell) SW modes. Nevertheless, the coupling between such edge localized and bulk SWs for different orientations of bias field in PMA systems gives rise to interesting Physics and attests to new prospects for developing energy efficient and hybrid-system-based next-generation nanoscale magnonic devices.
Temperature calibration of sample rods for neutron diffraction apparatus in the range of 6–473 K
Authors: Zhang Kai , Su Yulei , Zhou Jiayi , Wang Dongdong , Ding Huaikuang , Zhang Huabiao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Internal stresses play a crucial part in determining a material’s properties, which emphasizes the significance of accurate stress measurement and analysis. Neutron diffraction technology is a very promising approach to studying the complex microstructural properties of many materials, especially with the growing demand for cryogenic studies. This new device has a robust load capacity of 50 kN and works smoothly in a wide temperature range of 6 K–473 K. Furthermore, the diffraction angle is 47 degrees broader. Regardless of the samples, we observed that a thermal balance point existed close to 180 K. Importantly, thermal resistance was eliminated by the use of an analytical method, which has an extraordinarily small error of 2%. Using this exact calibration methodology ensures that the sample temperature is accurate during the experiments. This work presents a crucial apparatus for investigating the complexity of internal stresses in materials and offers an effective method for estimating and managing sample temperatures while doing research.
Compositional effects of hybrid MoS2–GO active layer on the performance of unipolar, low-power and multistate RRAM device
Authors: R Manikandan , Raina Gargi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Currently, 2D nanomaterials-based resistive random access memory (RRAMs) are explored on account of their tunable material properties enabling fabrication of low power and flexible RRAM devices. In this work, hybrid MoS2–GO based active layer RRAM devices are investigated. A facile hydrothermal co-synthesis approach is used to obtain the hybrid materials and a cost-effective spin coating method adopted for the fabrication of Ag/MoS2–GO/ITO RRAM devices. The performance of the fabricated hybrid active layer RRAM device is analysed with respect to change in material properties of the synthesized hybrid material. The progressive addition of 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 and 4.5 weight % of GO to MoS2, results in a hybrid active layer with higher intermolecular interaction, in the case of Ag/MoS2–GO4.5/ITO RRAM device, resulting in a unipolar resistive switching RRAM behavior with low SET voltage of 1.37 V and high I
on/I
off of 200 with multilevel resistance states. A space charge limited conduction mechanism is obtained during switching, which may be attributed to the trap states present due to functional groups of GO. The increased number of conduction pathways on account of both Ag+ ions and oxygen vacancies (Vo
2+), participating in the formation of conducting filament, results in higher I
on/I
off. This is the first report of unipolar Ag/MoS2–GO/ITO RRAM devices, which are particularly important in realizing high density crossbar memories for neuromorphic and in-memory computing as well as enabling flexible 2D nanomaterials-based memristor applications.
Nanostructure engineering in organic semiconductor devices toward interface matching
Authors: Bok Moonjeong , Jeong Jun-Ho , Lim Eunju 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The performance of organic semiconductor devices with heterojunctions between the organic semiconductors and electrodes can be improved by reducing the contact resistance. In this study, we have developed nanopatterned electrodes that gradually change the impedance at the interface between the metal and organic semiconductor in organic devices, which were fabricated in periodic patterns using nanoimprint lithography. The imprint pattern spacing was changed to control the interface between the metal and organic semiconductor to ensure smooth carrier injection. We analyzed the carrier injection based on the pattern spacing of the electrode interface using electrical current–voltage and capacitance–frequency measurements in the diode. Subsequently, we analyzed the improved current mechanism through numerical simulation. Therefore, this study suggests the possibility of designing the interface of an organic device using the nanostructure between the organic semiconductor and carrier injection electrode.