bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Inertia and Dissipation in the Dynamics of the Director for a Nematic Liquid Crystal Coupled with an Electric Field
Authors: Aursand Peder , Ridder Johanna 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe consider the dynamics of the director in a nematic liquid crystal when under the influence of an applied electric field. Using an energy variational approach we derive a dynamic model for the director including both dissipative and inertial forces.A numerical scheme for the model is proposed by extending a scheme for a related variational wave equation. Numerical experiments are performed studying the realignment of the director field when applying a voltage difference over the liquid crystal cell. In particular, we study how the relative strength of dissipative versus inertial forces influence the time scales of the transition between the initial configuration and the electrostatic equilibrium state.
Uvodnik
Authors: Lah Meta 
Published: July 2015

Spoštovani bralci, pred vami je tretja dvojna številka Vestnika za tuje jezike. Tudi letos smo prejeli nekoliko manj prispevkov s področja jezikoslovja in književnosti, precej več pa s področja didaktike tujih jezikov. Veseli nas, da so avtorji člankov tako raziskovalci s slovenskih in tujih univerz kot tudi učitelji praktiki in doktorandi. Med drugimi objavljamo tudi članka, nastala na podlagi dveh kakovostnih diplomskih nalog.Opazili boste, da ima revija od te številke naprej mednarodni uredniški odbor. Uredniki se trudimo za čimbolj pester in kakovosten nabor člankov, Vam, dragi bralci, pa želimo prijetno in koristno branje.
Retail Therapy: How a Trip to the Store Can Make You Feel Better in the Evolving Health Care Landscape Created by the Affordable Care Act
Authors: Liba Cynthia 
Published: July 2015

As the ACA expands Medicaid eligibility by creating a national Medicaid minimum eligibility level of 133% of the federal poverty level and requires U.S. citizens to purchase health insurance as a result of the individual mandate, the shortage of primary care physicians will become painfully apparent for those seeking treatment. As a result, many health policy analysts and lawmakers are examining the potential ability of retail health clinics (RHCs) to address the consequences of primary care physician shortages in the United States, among other deficiencies in the provision of health care.
Aplicação do Índice da Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada (NDVI) à Análise Multitemporal da Dinâmica de Áreas Agrícolas no Alto Curso da Bacia do Rio Uberabinha, Minas Gerais Application of the (...)
Authors: Ferreira Vanderlei De Oliveira , Portilho Magalhães Mirella Velluma 
Published: July 2015

O mapeamento do uso do solo é essencial para acompanhamento do processo de reconstrução continuada da paisagem, sendo útil para definição de estratégias de utilização dos recursos naturais. O presente artigo relata pesquisa dedicada a inventariar e compreender a dinâmica do uso agrícola do solo sob uma perspectiva multitemporal (escala sazonal) no alto curso da bacia do rio Uberabinha, no Triângulo Mineiro, a montante da sede municipal de Uberlândia. Utilizou-se a técnica do NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) devido à sua aptidão para levantamento de áreas agrícolas. O mapeamento foi elaborado por meio da interpretação visual, recorrendo-se às imagens do sensor LANDSAT 5 e ResourceSat-1, com a composição colorida 4R5G3B. Foi possível diferenciar os diversos estádios fenológicos da cobertura vegetal, percebendo situações de manejo e forma de ocupação do solo em diferentes épocas do ano. Observa-se, por exemplo, que não há recorrência ao pousio da terra entre uma cultura e outra. Os produtores adotam o método de plantio direto, intercalando culturas, além de forrageiras e leguminosas para melhorar a qualidade nutricional do solo.Palavras chave: Mapeamento; Sensoriamento Remoto; Uso agrícola do solo; Escala sazonal.AbstractThe mapping of the land use is essential for accompaniment of the reconstruction process continued of landscape, being useful for define strategies of utilization of the natural resources. This article reports the research dedicated to inventory and understand the dynamics of agricultural land use under a multitemporal perspective (seasonal scale) in the high course of the basin of the Uberabinha river, in the Triângulo Mineiro, the upstream of the municipal headquarters of Uberlândia. We used the technique of NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) due to its aptitude for survey of agricultural areas. The mapping was prepared by visual interpretation, resorting to images of the sensor LANDSAT 5 and ResourceSat-1, with colorful makeup 4R5G3B. It was possible to differentiate the several phenological stages of the vegetation cover, realizing management situations and forms of land occupation in differents epochs of the year. It is observed that there is no recurrence to fallow of the land between one culture and another. The producers adopt the method of tillage, interspersing cultures, besides forages and legumes for improve the nutritional quality of the soil. Keywords: Mapping; Remote Sensing; Agricultural land use; Seasonal scale.
Especialización funcional y dinámica demográfica en el área metropolitana de Santa Fe, Argentina / Functional specialization and demographic dynamism in the metropolitan area of Santa Fe city, Argentina
Authors: Cardoso María Mercedes 
Published: July 2015

En el área Metropolitana de Santa Fe, Argentina se están dando unos procesos particulares que generan un crecimiento diferencial entre sus componentes. Las mayores tasas de crecimiento demográfico se observan en los pueblos grandes, mientras que la ciudad principal, Santa Fe se ha estancado en 0,6%. Dado que las funciones son actividades que justifican la existencia de las ciudades, se procedió al estudio de las especializaciones funcionales empleando el Método de Nelson. El objetivo es identificar funciones o combinación de funciones que generan mayor dinamismo asociándolas, a su vez a los tamaños demográficos de los centros y a las tasas de ocupación y desocupación. De este modo, se incorporan otras variables y factores a los tradicionalmente considerados por los autores que desde los estudios tradicionales relacionan la especialización funcional de los asentamientos a su tamaño demográfico. Los resultados aportados en este estudio son claves para la gestión local y regional. Palabras claves: Especialización funcional; Jerarquía urbana; Tasa de desocupación; Tasa media anual de crecimiento.AbstractIn the metropolitan area of Santa Fe City (Argentina), particular processes are producing differential growth patterns among its components. Whereas population growth rates in Santa Fe City have stagnated at a 0.6%, the largest towns of this metropolitan area have been growing at the highest rates. Given cities depend on their own functions or urban activities, and in order to analyse local functional specializations, Nelson’s method is applied. The main objective of this study is to identify functions, or a combination of functions, which increase dynamism, as well to associate them to the different demographic sizes and employment, unemployment rates of the localities. Therefore, other types of variables and factors were added apart from the ones considered by traditional authors, who have been relating functional specialization of cities and towns with their demographic sizes. The results obtained in this study are particularly useful for local and regional administrations.Key words: Functional specialization; Urban hierarchy; Unemployment rates; Annual population growth rates
Turismo no Carste da Baixa Normandia (França) em função da História do Dia-D / Tourism in the Lower Normandy (France) karst due to the History of D-Day
Authors: Travassos Luiz Eduardo Panisset , Coelho Pablo Cristiano Alves , Rodrigues Bruno Durão , Pereira Larissa Duarte Araújo 
Published: July 2015

O trabalho apresenta uma reflexão sobre a atual exploração turística do carste do norte da França, em locais remanescentes e pontos estratégicos utilizados no Teatro de Operações durante o desembarque Aliado nas praias da Baixa Normandia na Segunda Guerra Mundial. Por meio de fundamentação teórica e pesquisa de campo foi possível observar a paisagem cárstica e ponderar sobre o uso dos marcos históricos, cemitérios, museus e modificações na paisagem como suporte ao Turismo Histórico-Cultural. Observa-se que o cenário em questão visa promoção e valorização da história, bem como propõe o resgate da memória através do desenvolvimento turístico regional.Palavras-chave: Carste; Turismo; Baixa Normadia; Segunda Guerra Mundial; Dia D Abstract This work presents a discussion on the current tourist use of the karst from northern France in remaining places and strategic points used in the theater of operations during the Allied landings on the beaches of Lower Normandy in World War II. By means of theoretical basis and fieldwork it was possible to observe the karst landscape and consider its use as historic landmarks, cemeteries, museums and changes in the landscape as support for the historical and cultural tourism. One observes that the scenario is used as a way of enforcing and preserving history as well as proposes the rescue of memory through the development of regional tourism.Keywords: Karst; Tourism; Lower Normandy; Second World War; D-Day.
Le traitement des Formes élémentaires dans les manuels de sociologie : de l’occultation aux rejets
Authors: Béra Matthieu 
Published: July 2015

Cet article se propose d’étudier de quelle manière on parle des Formes élémentaires de la vie religieuse dans un corpus d’une vingtaine d’ouvrages d’introduction à la sociologie (nommé « manuels ») qui ont paru en France depuis les années 1960 (et plus spécialement depuis les années 1980). On constate que certains auteurs (un tiers du corpus) de manuels n’en parlent pas du tout. Il s’agit d’étudier ce que qu’en disent les autres, de recenser les nombreuses critiques qui lui sont adressées par le truchement d’auteurs intermédiaires, souvent décédés, non français et ethnologues. Les critiques analysées sont suffisamment abondantes pour qu’on ait pu les classer en cinq catégories : épistémologiques, théoriques, méthodologiques, empiriques et morales.
Les Formes élémentaires de la vie religieuse et le rapport Comte/Durkheim : une filiation problématique
Authors: Lamy Yvon 
Published: July 2015

Cet article se propose de montrer – en se fondant sur Les Formes élémentaires de la vie religieuse –, que le rapport Comte/Durkheim est structurellement marqué par une filiation problématique. Après avoir souligné que la religion est la matrice où se sont élaborés les principaux germes de la civilisation humaine, Durkheim montre la distance – sinon la rupture – opposant religion « positive » (Religion de l’Humanité) et religion « élémentaire » (Séparation du sacré et du profane). Les mécanismes d’intégration réciproque entre religion totémique et société « primitive » donnent la clé de la puissance sociale du religieux comme réservoir primordial de « vie et d’efficacité » pour le groupe (le clan). À cet égard, ils impliquent l’opposition frontale entre institution durkheimienne (où le religieux comme le social se structurent mutuellement) et fétichisme comtien (dont il faut se débarrasser âge après âge pour atteindre à la synthèse religieuse de l’Humanité). Selon Durkheim, en effet, la sociologie rend plus manifestes que les autres « sciences de la nature », « les relations qui existent entre les choses ». L’affrontement entre les deux conceptions de la rationalité scientifique conduit alors Durkheim au bord du « parricide » à l’égard de Comte : il est comme appelé à en franchir le pas. Mais, aussitôt, la question revient : quel est le sens pour nous sociologues, et la valeur pour la discipline dans son entier, du clivage que Durkheim installe au sein même de sa filiation avec Comte?
Combined impact of catchment size, land cover, and precipitation on streamflow and total dissolved nitrogen: A global comparative analysis
Authors: Gallo Erika L. , Meixner Thomas , Aoubid Hadi , Lohse Kathleen A. , Brooks Paul D. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractNitrogen (N) loading is a global stressor to fresh and salt water systems with cascading effects on ecosystem processes. However, it is unclear if generalized global response patterns exist between discharge and N sourcing and retention with respect to land cover and precipitation. Using data compiled from 78 catchments from across the world, we identified how discharge and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) vary with precipitation and land cover and how TDN yields deviate from a generalized global response pattern. Area‐weighted discharge regressions indicate that catchment size and the absence of vegetation largely control hydrologic responses. TDN concentrations and yields varied significantly (P < 0.05) with some land cover types, but these were overall poor TDN predictors (r2 < 0.26). In 42 of 78 catchments, TDN concentrations varied independently (P > 0.05) of discharge, suggesting that these sites are less sensitive to shifts in discharge associated with global climate change, but are more sensitive to shifts in hydrologic partitioning in response to land cover change. Clustering based on precipitation and stepwise multiple linear regression analyses show a shift in TDN responses from physical transport controls on TDN sourcing at the most arid and water limited sites to climate and biologically mediated controls on TDN retention at the wetter sites. Combined, these results indicate that terrestrial systems may have differential response to changes in precipitation based on existing land use and that the impact of land use change on N fate and transport occurs within the context of climate conditions.
Estimating the contribution of organic acids to northern hemispheric continental organic aerosol
Authors: Yatavelli Reddy L. N. , Mohr Claudia , Stark Harald , Day Douglas A. , Thompson Samantha L. , Lopez‐Hilfiker Felipe D. , Campuzano‐Jost Pedro , Palm Brett B. , Vogel Alexander L. , Hoffmann Thorsten , Heikkinen Liine , Äijälä Mikko , Ng Nga L. , Kimmel Joel R. , Canagaratna Manjula R. , Ehn Mikael , Junninen Heikki , Cubison Michael J. , Petäjä Tuukka , Kulmala Markku , Jayne John T. , Worsnop Douglas R. , Jimenez Jose L. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractUsing chemical ionization mass spectrometry to detect particle‐phase acids and aerosol mass spectrometry (AMS) measurements from Colorado, USA, and two studies in Hyytiälä, Finland, we quantify the fraction of organic aerosol (OA) mass that is composed of molecules with acid functional groups (facid). Molecules containing one or more carboxylic acid functionality contributed approximately 29% (45–51%) of the OA mass in Colorado (Finland). Organic acid mass concentration correlates well with AMS m/z 44 (primarily CO2+), a commonly used marker for highly oxidized aerosol. Using the average empirical relationship between AMS m/z 44 and organic acids in these three studies, together with m/z 44 data from 29 continental northern hemispheric (NH) AMS data sets, we estimate that molecules containing carboxylic acid functionality constitute on average 28% (range 10–50%) of NH continental OA mass with typically higher values at rural/remote sites and during summer and lower values at urban sites and during winter.
Time‐dispersed ion signatures observed in the Martian magnetosphere by MAVEN
Authors: Halekas J. S. , McFadden J. P. , Connerney J. E. P. , Espley J. R. , Brain D. A. , Mitchell D. L. , Larson D. E. , Harada Y. , Hara T. , Ruhunusiri S. , Jakosky B. M. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN mission's (MAVEN) high‐cadence measurements reveal the frequent occurrence of ion energy dispersion events inside the Martian magnetosphere. The systematics of observed dispersion signatures suggest time dispersion of a broad source spectrum over a flight distance of a few thousand kilometers and disfavor mechanisms involving spatial dispersion. Pickup of heavy planetary ions in strong variable electric fields provides one potential mechanism that could produce the observed time dispersion signatures. The periodicity of many observed dispersion signatures, with frequencies near the upstream proton cyclotron frequency, suggests a possible role for low‐frequency plasma waves in accelerating the observed ions from a source near the induced magnetospheric boundary to the observation location inside the magnetospheric tail lobes. The observed dispersion signatures may provide a new way to track the flow of energy from the upstream region through the magnetosphere and the role of waves in driving the escape of ions from the atmosphere.
The flapping motion of the Venusian magnetotail: Venus Express observations
Authors: Rong Z. J. , Barabash S. , Stenberg G. , Futaana Y. , Zhang T. L. , Wan W. X. , Wei Y. , Wang X. D. , Chai L. H. , Zhong J. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWith a newly developed technique and magnetic field measurements obtained by the magnetometer on Venus Express, we study the flapping motion of the Venusian magnetotail. We find that the flapping motion generally comprises contributions both from a nonpropagating steady flapping and a propagating kink‐like flapping. The flapping motion tilts the current sheet normal significantly in the plane perpendicular to the Venus‐Sun line. The kink‐like flapping waves traveling along solar wind electric field or its antidirection can be found in either magnetotail hemisphere where solar wind electric field pointing toward/away. The traveling behaviors suggest that the locations of the triggers for kink‐like flappings are near the boundaries between magnetotail current sheet and magnetosheath, not near the central region of magnetotail as is for the Earth's magnetotail.
Particles and iodine compounds in coastal Antarctica
Authors: Roscoe Howard K. , Jones Anna E. , Brough Neil , Weller Rolf , Saiz‐Lopez Alfonso , Mahajan Anoop S. , Schoenhardt Anja , Burrows John P. , Fleming Zoe L. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAerosol particle number concentrations have been measured at Halley and Neumayer on the Antarctic coast, since 2004 and 1984, respectively. Sulphur compounds known to be implicated in particle formation and growth were independently measured: sulphate ions and methane sulphonic acid in filtered aerosol samples and gas phase dimethyl sulphide for limited periods. Iodine oxide, IO, was determined by a satellite sensor from 2003 to 2009 and by different ground‐based sensors at Halley in 2004 and 2007. Previous model results and midlatitude observations show that iodine compounds consistent with the large values of IO observed may be responsible for an increase in number concentrations of small particles. Coastal Antarctica is useful for investigating correlations between particles, sulphur, and iodine compounds, because of their large annual cycles and the source of iodine compounds in sea ice. After smoothing all the measured data by several days, the shapes of the annual cycles in particle concentration at Halley and Neumayer are approximated by linear combinations of the shapes of sulphur compounds and IO but not by sulphur compounds alone. However, there is no short‐term correlation between IO and particle concentration. The apparent correlation by eye after smoothing but not in the short term suggests that iodine compounds and particles are sourced some distance offshore. This suggests that new particles formed from iodine compounds are viable, i.e., they can last long enough to grow to the larger particles that contribute to cloud condensation nuclei, rather than being simply collected by existing particles. If so, there is significant potential for climate feedback near the sea ice zone via the aerosol indirect effect.
Discharge and water‐depth estimates for ungauged rivers: Combining hydrologic, hydraulic, and inverse modeling with stage and water‐area measurements from satellites
Authors: Liu Ganming , Schwartz Franklin W. , Tseng Kuo‐Hsin , Shum C. K. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAnticipating future global freshwater scarcity and providing mitigation require timely knowledge of spatiotemporal dynamics of discharge for gauged and, more challengingly, ungauged rivers. This study describes a coupled hydrologic (SWAT) and hydraulic (XSECT) modeling approach set in a genetic algorithm framework for estimating discharge and water depth for ungauged rivers from space. The method was tested in the Red River of the North basin by comparing simulated discharges and depths from 2006 to 2010 to in situ observations from across the basin. Results showed that calibration using only remotely sensed data (i.e., water levels from ENVISAT altimetry and water extents from LANDSAT) along the main stem of the Red River yielded daily and monthly estimates of river discharge, which correlated to measured discharges at three gaging stations on the main stem with R2 values averaging 0.822 and 0.924, respectively. The comparisons of modeled and measured discharges were also extended to smaller tributaries, yielding a mean R2 of 0.809 over seven gaging stations. The modeling approach also provided estimates of water depth that correlated to observations at four stations with an average R2 of 0.831. We conclude that the integrated modeling approach is able to estimate discharge and water depth from space for larger ungauged rivers. This study also implies that in situ discharge data may not be necessary for successful hydrologic model calibration.
Catchment‐scale Richards equation‐based modeling of evapotranspiration via boundary condition switching and root water uptake schemes
Authors: Camporese Matteo , Daly Edoardo , Paniconi Claudio 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn arid and semiarid climate catchments, where annual evapotranspiration (ET) and rainfall are typically comparable, modeling ET is important for proper assessment of water availability and sustainable land use management. The aim of the present study is to assess different parsimonious schemes for representing ET in a process‐based model of coupled surface and subsurface flow. A simplified method for computing ET based on a switching procedure for the boundary conditions of the Richards equation at the soil surface is compared to a sink term approach that includes root water uptake, root distribution, root water compensation, and water and oxygen stress. The study site for the analysis is a small pasture catchment in southeastern Australia. A comprehensive sensitivity analysis carried out on the parameters of the sink term shows that the maximum root depth is the dominant control on catchment‐scale ET and streamflow. Comparison with the boundary condition switching method demonstrates that this simpler scheme (only one parameter) can successfully reproduce ET when the vegetation root depth is shallow (not exceeding approximately 50 cm). For deeper rooting systems, the switching scheme fails to match the ET fluxes and is affected by numerical artifacts, generating physically unrealistic soil moisture dynamics. It is further shown that when transpiration is the dominant contribution to ET, the inclusion of oxygen stress and root water compensation in the model can have a considerable effect on the estimation of both ET and streamflow; this is mostly due to the water fluxes associated with the riparian zone.
An adaptive flux observer for the permanent magnet synchronous motor
Authors: Romero Jose Guadalupe , Ortega Romeo , Han Zhaoqiang , Devos Thomas , Malrait François 
Published: July 2015

SummaryA gradient descent‐based nonlinear observer for surface‐mount permanent magnet synchronous motors with remarkable stability properties was recently proposed. A key assumption for the derivation of the observer is the knowledge of the electrical parameters, which are usually uncertain. In the present paper, we propose a robust adaptive flux observer adding immersion and invariance parameter adaptation algorithms to estimate the stator resistance. Global boundedness of all signals and convergence to a residual set of the flux estimation error is guaranteed. The performance of the new adaptive observer is assessed with realistic simulations. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.