bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of chronic post‐surgical pain after knee replacement: Development of a core outcome set
Authors: Wylde V. , MacKichan F. , Bruce J. , Gooberman‐Hill R. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackgroundApproximately 20% of patients experience chronic post‐surgical pain (CPSP) after total knee replacement (TKR). There is scope to improve assessment of CPSP after TKR, and this study aimed to develop a core outcome set.MethodsEighty patients and 43 clinicians were recruited into a three‐round modified Delphi study. In Round 1, participants were presented with 56 pain features identified from a systematic review, structured interviews with patients and focus groups with clinicians. Participants assigned importance ratings, using a 1–9 scale, to individual pain features; those features rated as most important were retained in subsequent rounds. Consensus that a pain feature should be included in the core outcome set was defined as the feature having a rating of 7–9 by ≥70% of both panels (patients and clinicians) and 1–3 by ≤15% of both panels or rated as 7–9 by ≥90% of one panel.ResultsRound 1 was completed by 71 patients and 39 clinicians, and Round 3 by 62 patients and 33 clinicians. The final consensus was that 33 pain features were important. These were grouped into an 8‐item core outcome set comprising: pain intensity, pain interference with daily living, pain and physical functioning, temporal aspects of pain, pain description, emotional aspects of pain, use of pain medication, and improvement and satisfaction with pain relief.ConclusionsThis core outcome set serves to guide assessment of CPSP after TKR. Consistency in assessment can promote standardized reporting and facilitate comparability between studies that address a common but understudied type of CPSP.
Efficacy and well‐being in rural north India: The role of social identification with a large‐scale community identity
Authors: Khan Sammyh S. , Hopkins Nick , Tewari Shruti , Srinivasan Narayanan , Reicher Stephen David , Ozakinci Gozde 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIdentifying with a group can contribute to a sense of well‐being. The mechanisms involved are diverse: social identification with a group can impact individuals' beliefs about issues such as their connections with others, the availability of social support, the meaningfulness of existence, and the continuity of their identity. Yet, there seems to be a common theme to these mechanisms: identification with a group encourages the belief that one can cope with the stressors one faces (which is associated with better well‐being). Our research investigated the relationship between identification, beliefs about coping, and well‐being in a survey (N = 792) administered in rural North India. Using structural equation modelling, we found that social identification as a Hindu had positive and indirect associations with three measures of well‐being through the belief that one can cope with everyday stressors. We also found residual associations between participants' social identification as a Hindu and two measures of well‐being in which higher identification was associated with poorer well‐being. We discuss these findings and their implication for understanding the relationship between social identification (especially with large‐scale group memberships) and well‐being. We also discuss the application of social psychological theory developed in the urban West to rural north India. © 2014 The Authors. European Journal of Social Psychology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Manganese‐Loaded Activated Carbon for the Removal of Organosulfur Compounds from High‐Sulfur Diesel Fuels
Authors: Al‐Ghouti Mohammad A. , Al‐Degs Yahya S. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe adsorptive capacity of activated carbon (AC) is significantly enhanced toward weakly interacting organosulfur compounds (OSC) from sulfur‐rich diesel fuel. Sulfur compounds are selectively removed from diesel after surface modification by manganese dioxide (MnO2). A selective surface for OSC removal was created by loading MnO2 on the surface; π‐complexation between the partially filled d‐orbitals of Mn4+ and the S atom is the controlling mechanism for OSC removal. Principal component analysis (PCA) of adsorption data indicated the significance of the Mn–AC mass and the temperature as experimental parameters according to the following correlation: OSC adsorption (mg Sg−1)=3.94 (mass)−0.06 (part. diam.)−3.28 (temp)+0.02 (conc.). The kinetics of OSC adsorption confirmed that OSC removal by Mn–AC is a fast process in which 66 % of the surface is filled in 30 min. Kinetic data were best fitted by pseudo‐first‐ and second‐order models compared to diffusion‐based models. Surface and pore diffusion has only a minor role in the process.
Functional connectivity of hippocampal and prefrontal networks during episodic and spatial memory based on real‐world environments
Authors: Robin Jessica , Hirshhorn Marnie , Rosenbaum R. Shayna , Winocur Gordon , Moscovitch Morris , Grady Cheryl L. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTSeveral recent studies have compared episodic and spatial memory in neuroimaging paradigms in order to understand better the contribution of the hippocampus to each of these tasks. In the present study, we build on previous findings showing common neural activation in default network areas during episodic and spatial memory tasks based on familiar, real‐world environments (Hirshhorn et al. (2012) Neuropsychologia 50:3094–3106). Following previous demonstrations of the presence of functionally connected sub‐networks within the default network, we performed seed‐based functional connectivity analyses to determine how, depending on the task, the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex differentially couple with one another and with distinct whole‐brain networks. We found evidence for a medial prefrontal‐parietal network and a medial temporal lobe network, which were functionally connected to the prefrontal and hippocampal seeds, respectively, regardless of the nature of the memory task. However, these two networks were functionally connected with one another during the episodic memory task, but not during spatial memory tasks. Replicating previous reports of fractionation of the default network into stable sub‐networks, this study also shows how these sub‐networks may flexibly couple and uncouple with one another based on task demands. These findings support the hypothesis that episodic memory and spatial memory share a common medial temporal lobe‐based neural substrate, with episodic memory recruiting additional prefrontal sub‐networks. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Short‐term plasticity based network model of place cells dynamics
Authors: Romani Sandro , Tsodyks Misha 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTRodent hippocampus exhibits strikingly different regimes of population activity in different behavioral states. During locomotion, hippocampal activity oscillates at theta frequency (5–12 Hz) and cells fire at specific locations in the environment, the place fields. As the animal runs through a place field, spikes are emitted at progressively earlier phases of the theta cycles. During immobility, hippocampus exhibits sharp irregular bursts of activity, with occasional rapid orderly activation of place cells expressing a possible trajectory of the animal. The mechanisms underlying this rich repertoire of dynamics are still unclear. We developed a novel recurrent network model that accounts for the observed phenomena. We assume that the network stores a map of the environment in its recurrent connections, which are endowed with short‐term synaptic depression. We show that the network dynamics exhibits two different regimes that are similar to the experimentally observed population activity states in the hippocampus. The operating regime can be solely controlled by external inputs. Our results suggest that short‐term synaptic plasticity is a potential mechanism contributing to shape the population activity in hippocampus. © 2014 The Authors. Hippocampus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ethanol inhibits long‐term potentiation in hippocampal CA1 neurons, irrespective of lamina and stimulus strength, through neurosteroidogenesis
Authors: Ramachandran Binu , Ahmed Saheeb , Zafar Noman , Dean Camin 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTEthanol inhibits memory encoding and the induction of long‐term potentiation (LTP) in CA1 neurons of the hippocampus. Hippocampal LTP at Schaffer collateral synapses onto CA1 pyramidal neurons has been widely studied as a cellular model of learning and memory, but there is striking heterogeneity in the underlying molecular mechanisms in distinct regions and in response to distinct stimuli. Basal and apical dendrites differ in terms of innervation, input specificity, and molecular mechanisms of LTP induction and maintenance, and different stimuli determine distinct molecular pathways of potentiation. However, lamina or stimulus‐dependent effects of ethanol on LTP have not been investigated. Here, we tested the effect of acute application of 60 mM ethanol on LTP induction in distinct dendritic compartments (apical versus basal) of CA1 neurons, and in response to distinct stimulation paradigms (single versus repeated, spaced high frequency stimulation). We found that ethanol completely blocks LTP in apical dendrites, whereas it reduces the magnitude of LTP in basal dendrites. Acute ethanol treatment for just 15 min altered pre‐ and post‐synaptic protein expression. Interestingly, ethanol increases the neurosteroid allopregnanolone, which causes ethanol‐dependent inhibition of LTP, more prominently in apical dendrites, where ethanol has greater effects on LTP. This suggests that ethanol has general effects on fundamental properties of synaptic plasticity, but the magnitude of its effect on LTP differs depending on hippocampal sub‐region and stimulus strength. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
STRONG, SAFE, AND SECURE: NEGOTIATING EARLY FATHERING AND MILITARY SERVICE ACROSS THE DEPLOYMENT CYCLE
Authors: Dayton Carolyn Joy , Walsh Tova B. , Muzik Maria , Erwin Michael , Rosenblum Katherine L. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTMilitary fathers of young children often endure repeated separations from their children, and these may disrupt the early parent–child relationship. Postdeployment reunification also poses challenges; disruptions that have occurred must often be repaired in the context of heightened emotions on the part of each family member at a time when fathers are themselves readjusting to the routines and responsibilities of family life. The current study employed qualitative research with the central aim of informing a richer understanding of these experiences. Interviews were conducted with 14 military fathers of young children who had experienced separation from their families during deployment. Narratives were coded using principles of grounded theory, and common parenting themes were extracted. Fathers shared their hopes that their young children would develop qualities of strength, confidence, and self‐sufficiency. They also discussed difficulty in supporting the development of these qualities in their young children due to problems dealing with the negative emotions and difficult behaviors that their children exhibited. Reliance on their parenting partner was commonly cited as an effective strategy as fathers transitioned back to family life. Implications for intervention programs include the provision of parenting and self‐care skills and inclusion of the father's parenting partner in the intervention.
EXPECTANT FATHERS’ INTUITIVE PARENTING: ASSOCIATIONS WITH PARENT CHARACTERISTICS AND POSTPARTUM POSITIVE ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Schoppe‐Sullivan Sarah J. , Altenburger Lauren E. , Settle Theresa A. , Kamp Dush Claire M. , Sullivan Jason M. , Bower Daniel J. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThis study examined expectant fathers’ intuitive parenting behavior and its correlates and associations with fathers’ postpartum positive engagement. One hundred eighty‐two expectant couples completed the Prenatal Lausanne Trilogue Play in the third trimester of pregnancy. Coders rated expectant fathers’ and mothers’ intuitive parenting behavior during this procedure. Expectant parents also completed surveys regarding their psychological and demographic characteristics. At 3 months postpartum, fathers completed time diaries that assessed the time that they spent in developmentally appropriate, positive engagement activities with their infants. Examination of correlates of expectant fathers’ intuitive parenting behavior revealed that expectant fathers showed lower levels of these behaviors than did expectant mothers, that intuitive parenting behavior was moderately positively associated for mothers and fathers, and that individual differences in expectant fathers’ intuitive parenting behavior were associated with parent demographic and psychological characteristics. In particular, expectant fathers showed greater intuitive parenting behavior when they had greater human capital and more progressive beliefs about parent roles, and when their partners had lower parenting self‐efficacy. Findings also indicated that expectant fathers’ greater intuitive parenting behavior was predictive of fathers’ greater subsequent engagement in developmentally appropriate activities at 3 months postpartum, but only when expectant mothers demonstrated low levels of intuitive parenting behavior.
Sulfur‐replaced Fenton systems: can sulfate radical substitute hydroxyl radical for advanced oxidation technologies?
Authors: Zhou Danna , Zhang Hui , Chen Long 
Published: August 2014

AbstractSulfate radicals (SO4•−) and hydroxy radicals (HO•) are the major radicals used in advanced oxidation technologies (AOTs) for the removal of contaminants. Although SO4•− reacts with organic or inorganic compounds with rate constants comparatively lower than that of HO•, AOTs based on SO4•− (abbreviated as SR‐AOTs) have gained lots of attention due to the selective oxidation and non‐pH‐dependence. A series of systems using persulfate (PS) or peroxymonosulfate (PMS) instead of H2O2 is designated as a sulfate radical‐Fenton system or sulfur‐replaced Fenton system (SR‐Fenton). Comparisons and analogies between Fenton (Fenton‐like) systems and SR‐Fenton systems are made and some new SR‐AOTs systems without PS or PMS are introduced. The possibility for the substitution of HO• by SO4•− for AOTs is discussed. Most likely in the future, efforts will be concentrated on product‐oriented AOTs with the purpose of recovery of chemical products rather than mineralization of organic contaminants, producing greenhouse gas CO2. Moreover, such SR‐Fenton system may be more atomically economical. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Rubella outbreak in the union territory of Chandigarh, North India
Authors: Singh Mini P. , Kumar Archit , Gautam Neha , Khurana Jasmine , Gupta Madhu , Ratho Radha Kanta 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTRubella virus outbreaks usually occur when a large numbers of susceptible individuals accumulate. The disease presents clinically with fever and maculopapular rash. The present study reports the investigation of rubella outbreak in a modern and well‐planned village near Chandigarh, North India. The blood samples were collected from 39 cases with febrile rash and from 15 age and sex matched healthy controls residing in the same locality and subjected for the detection of Rubella IgM and IgG antibodies by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The throat swabs, urine and blood samples from acute cases were also collected and subjected to RT‐PCR using the primers targeting the E1 region. The genetic characterization of the rubella virus was carried out to identify the circulating genotypes. In the present outbreak, 13 laboratory confirmed cases were reported. Rubella IgM antibodies were detected in 12/39 (30.7%) patients. Rubella RNA could be detected in 83.3% (5/6) of urine, 22.2% (2/9) of throat swabs, and 8.3% (1/12) of blood samples. The rubella genotype responsible for the present outbreak was identified as genotype 1a. This outbreak highlights the need for the introduction of rubella vaccine in the National Immunization Programme of India to prevent outbreaks and to aim towards the eradication of this disease. This study reports the presence of genotype 1a in North India for the first time and stresses the need for further molecular work to identify the circulating strains of the virus. J. Med. Virol. 87:344–349, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of different new packaging materials on biscuit quality during accelerated storage
Authors: Romani Santina , Tappi Silvia , Balestra Federica , Rodriguez Estrada Maria Teresa , Siracusa Valentina , Rocculi Pietro , Dalla Rosa Marco 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effect of innovative multilayer packaging materials versus a standard one on biscuit quality was studied during accelerated storage at 25, 35, 45 °C and 50% relative humidity for 92 days. Three different packaging materials were used: metalized orientated polypropylene (OPP)/paper (control); metalized poly‐lactic acid (PLA)/paper; metalized OPP with ethylene vinyl acetate pro‐oxidant additive (EVA‐POA)/paper. EVA‐POA additive is used to make the plastic layer biodegradable. Various quality sample parameters (moisture, water activity (aw), texture, peroxide value (PV), hexanal) were analysed during storage. Rate constants (k) and activation energies (Ea) of hydration reactions and hexanal formation were calculated.RESULTSNo remarkable differences in the evolution of primary and secondary lipid oxidation were observed among differently packed biscuits during storage. All samples maintained PV levels between 4 and 14 meq O2 kg−1 oil. The product in flexible packaging with PLA reached the highest moisture and aw levels, but they did not significantly and adversely affect the other quality characteristics.CONCLUSIONThe obtained results demonstrate that the new tested packaging materials were suitable for commercial biscuit storage, having similar performance and preservation effects on the overall product quality to those of the standard one. Furthermore, these results could make a contribution to the food industry, encouraging the use of packaging materials with a negligible environmental impact as an alternative to petroleum‐based ones. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Use of the 2‐μm continuous wave thulium laser for the resection of oral squamous cell carcinomas does not impair pathological assessment
Authors: Pothen Ajit J. , Evenboer Januska , Swartz Justin E. , Willems Stefan M. , Van Cann Ellen M. , Janssen Luuk M. , van der Heijden Geert J. , Grolman Wilko 
Published: August 2014

Background and ObjectiveCurrent resection modalities for oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) vary from cold steel over CO2 laser to monopolar electro‐surgery (MO). We compared thulium laser (TL) as a new modality with MO with regards to pathological assessment.Study Design/Materials and MethodsForty‐two patients who were treated for OSCC by either TL or MO were included. All resected specimens were assessed with special attention to margin interpretation and thermal damage.ResultsDepth of thermal damage ranged from 1.0 to 3.5 mm in the TL group compared to 1.0–4.0 mm in the MO group without interfering with the pathological assessment. The percentage of positive margin resections was three times higher in the MO group compared with the TL group.ConclusionsThis study shows resections done by TL do not impair pathological assessment when compared to MO resections. Lasers Surg. Med. 46:608–613, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of Catalyst on the Stability of Initiators on Au Substrate in Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Authors: Tang Yongming , Osibanjo Richard O. , Moore Jessica , Towns Elyse N. , Kuhl Tonya L. , Land Donald P. 
Published: August 2014

Desorption of thiol‐based self‐assembled monolayers on gold surfaces makes surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI‐ATRP) challenging and results in reduced density “grafted from” polymer film. In this work, in situ attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy shows that copper‐based catalysts typically used in SI‐ATRP cause substantial desorption of bound thiol‐based initiator films from gold surfaces. Other reaction conditions factors such as low temperature, presence of radicals, and solvents selection have relatively minor effects in comparison. Indeed, the desorption of initiator films is reduced from more than 80% to about 45% when CuCl catalyst is used for the ATRP of styrene instead of CuBr catalyst. However, the polymerization rate is significantly slower in this case.
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Diagnostic criteria for Huntington's disease based on natural history
Authors: Reilmann Ralf , Leavitt Blair R. , Ross Christopher A. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractHuntington's disease (HD) is currently diagnosed based on the presence of motor signs indicating 99% “diagnostic confidence” for HD. Recent advances in the understanding of HD natural history and neurobiology indicate that disease‐related brain changes begin at least 12 to 15 years before the formal diagnosis based on motor onset. Furthermore, subtle motor dysfunction, cognitive changes, and behavioral alterations are often seen before diagnosis made according to the current criteria. As disease‐modifying treatments are developed, likely beginning therapy early will be desirable. We therefore suggest that expanded diagnostic criteria for HD should be adapted to better reflect the natural history of the disease, to enable the conduct of clinical trials in premanifest subjects targeting prevention of neurodegeneration, and to facilitate earlier symptomatic treatment. We propose a new set of criteria for HD diagnostic categories in the International Classification of Diseases that reflect our current understanding of HD natural history and pathogenesis. Based on defined criteria, for example, the Diagnostic Confidence Level and the Total Functional Capacity scales of the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale, HD should be divided in the categories “genetically confirmed” with the subcategories “presymptomatic,” “prodromal,” and “manifest” and “not genetically confirmed” subdivided into “clinically at risk,” “clinically prodromal,” and “clinically manifest.” © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Equipment for underground roadway drivage: Products and engineering from Neuhäuser GmbH
Authors: Rautenstrauch Oliver , Kulassek Michael 
Published: August 2014

AbstractNeuhäuser GmbH has delivered products and components for a great variety of requirements for roadway drivage at underground mines for more than 50 years. The company's product range includes drilling systems and crawler type vehicles as well as rail systems. Neuhäuser offers comprehensive planning and independent engineering for all technical areas, including technical support, training and support of the projects.