bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Workplace incivility: A review of the literature and agenda for future research
Authors: Schilpzand Pauline , De Pater Irene E. , Erez Amir 
Published: October 2014

SummaryA growing body of research explores workplace incivility, defined as low‐intensity deviant workplace behavior with an ambiguous intent to harm. In the 15 years since the theoretical introduction of the workplace incivility construct, research in this domain has taken off, albeit in a variety of directions. We review the extant body of research on workplace incivility and note the multitude of samples, sources, methodologies, and instrumentation used. In this review article, we provide an organized review of the extant body of work that encompasses three distinct types of incivility: experienced, witnessed, and instigated incivility. These three types of incivility serve as the foundation for a series of comprehensive models in which we integrate extant empirical research. In the last part of this review article, we suggest directions for future research that may contribute to this growing body of work. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Impact of Pleasure‐Evoking Colors on the Effectiveness of Threat (Fear) Appeals
Authors: Wauters Birgit , Brengman Malaika , Mahama Fuseina 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTResearch has established that colors can influence a person's attitude toward an ad. In this article the knowledge about the effects of colors on the perception of ads is linked to a specific type of ads, namely threat appeals. The objective of this study is to examine whether the color used in the background of such a threat appeal can influence its effectiveness. More specifically, the aim is to investigate whether the usage of less or more pleasure‐evoking colors affects threat and efficacy appraisals, evoked fear, and the behavioral intention. Moreover, it is tested whether the impact of the background color on the effectiveness of threat appeals is moderated by the threat level presented in the threat appeal. The findings confirm that the background color does indeed have an impact on its effectiveness. The more pleasing blue color was found to have a more positive impact on the respondents’ feelings of severity and susceptibility than the less appealing yellow. An analysis of the processing patterns subsequently showed that perceived severity has a positive effect on the behavioral intention. This intention is also influenced by the evoked feelings of fear, which are also induced by the respondents’ perceived severity. An interaction effect with threat level indicates that the more appealing background color only increased vulnerability in case of a low threat. Color thus seems to be used more as a peripheral cue to process less involving (low‐threat) messages. In case of a more involving high‐threat message, the processing seems to occur more centrally and less through the color cue. These findings illustrate the importance of color in the design of threat appeals.
Cystic fibrosis airway epithelium remodelling: involvement of inflammation
Authors: Adam Damien , Roux‐Delrieu Jacqueline , Luczka Emilie , Bonnomet Arnaud , Lesage Julien , Mérol Jean‐Claude , Polette Myriam , Abély Michel , Coraux Christelle 
Published: October 2014

AbstractChronic inflammation is a hallmark of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease and airway epithelium damage and remodelling are important components of lung pathology progression in CF. Whether this remodelling is secondary to deleterious infectious and inflammatory mediators, or to alterations of CF human airway epithelial (HAE) cells, such as their hyper inflammatory phenotype or their basic cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) default, remains debated. In this study, we evaluated the involvement of alterations of CF HAE cells in airway epithelium remodelling. HAE cells from non‐CF and CF patients were cultured in an air–liquid interface, with and without inflammatory stimulation, along the regeneration process, and the remodelling of the reconstituted epithelium was analysed. We confirmed that CF HAE cells showed a hyperinflammatory phenotype which was lost with time. In comparison to non‐CF epithelium, CF epithelium regeneration in the absence of exogenous inflammation was higher and exhibited basal cell hyperplasia. This remodelling was mimicked by inflammatory stimulation of non‐CF cells and was absent when CF HAE cells were no longer hyperinflamed. Moreover, the number of goblet cells was similar in non‐CF and CF cultures and increased equally under inflammatory stimulation. Finally, whatever the inflammatory environment, CF cultures showed a delay in ciliated cell differentiation. In conclusion, alterations of CF HAE cells partly regulate airway epithelium remodelling following injury and regeneration. This remodelling, together with goblet cell hyperplasia induced by exogenous inflammation and alteration of ciliated cell differentiation, may worsen mucociliary clearance impairment, leading to injury. Copyright © 2014 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High capacity and cycling stability of poly(diaminoanthraquinone) as an organic cathode for rechargeable lithium batteries
Authors: Shen Yi Fei , Yuan Ding Ding , Ai Xin Ping , Yang Han Xi , Zhou Min 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTPoly(1,5‐diaminoanthraquinone) is synthesized by oxidative polymerization of diaminoanthraquinone monomers and investigated as an organic host for Li‐storage reaction. Benefiting from its high density of redox‐active, Li+‐associable benzoquinone groups attached to conducting polyaniline backbones, this polymer undergoes its cathodic reaction predominately through Li+‐insertion/extraction processes, delivering a very high reversible capacity of 285 mAh g−1. In addition, the PDAQ polymer cathode exhibits an excellent rate capability (125 mAh g−1 at 800 mA g−1) and a considerable cyclability with a capacity retention of ∼160 mAh g−1 over 200 cycles, possibly serving as a sustainable, high capacity Li+ host cathode for Li‐ion batteries. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015, 53, 235–238
Iron Nanoparticle Additives as Burning Rate Enhancers in AP/HTPB Composite Propellants
Authors: Styborski Jeremy A. , Scorza Matthew J. , Smith Melissa N. , Oehlschlaeger Matthew A. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBurning rate measurements were carried out for ammonium perchlorate/hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene (AP/HTPB) composite propellants with iron (Fe) nanoparticles as additives. Experiments were performed in a strand burner at pressures from 0.2 to 10 MPa for propellants containing approximately 80 % AP and Fe nanoparticles (60–80 nm) at concentration from 0 to 3 % by weight. It was found that the addition of 1 % Fe nanoparticles increased burning rate by factors of 1.2–1.6. Because Fe nanoparticles are oxidized on the surface and have high surface‐to‐volume ratio, they provide a large surface area of Fe2O3 for AP thermal decomposition catalysis at the burning propellant surface, while also providing added energy release due to the oxidation of nanoparticle sub‐shell Fe. The increase in burning rate due to Fe nanoparticle content is similar to the increase in burning rate caused by the addition of iron oxide (Fe2O3) particles observed in prior literature.
Preserving privacy in a smart grid scenario using quantum mechanics
Authors: Borges Fábio , Santos Raqueline A. M. , Marquezino Franklin L. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractStudies on smart grid and quantum mechanics have potential to yield several benefits to society, with the former resulting in economic and environmental benefits and the latter providing perfect security and privacy at affordable costs. Recently, security and privacy have become important issues in electrical power grids. In this paper, we describe two quantum privacy‐enhancing protocols: one of them requires that the parties initially share a certain amount of quantum entangled states, while the other uses only quantum key distribution methods without sharing quantum entangled states. The two proposed protocols are resistant to attacks from quantum computers. This paper also describes some recent advances of classical and quantum privacy‐enhancing technologies. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Combination of Tet1 with Oct4 Generates High-Quality Mouse-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Chen Jiayu , Gao Yawei , Huang Hua , Xu Kai , Chen Xia , Jiang Yonghua , Li Hui , Gao Shuai , Tao Yu , Wang Hong , Zhang Yong , Wang Hailin , Cai Tao , Gao Shaorong 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The DNA dioxygenase Tet1 has recently been proposed to play an important role in the reprogramming of somatic cells to pluripotency. Its oxidization product 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, formerly considered an intermediate in the demethylation of 5-methylcytosine, has recently been implicated as being important in epigenetic reprogramming. Here, we provide evidence that Tet1 (T) can replace multiple transcription factors during somatic cell reprogramming and can generate high-quality mouse induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with Oct4 (O). The OT-iPSCs can efficiently produce viable mice derived entirely from iPSCs through tetraploid complementation; all 47 adult OT-iPSC mice grew healthily, without tumorigenesis, and had a normal life span. Furthermore, a new secondary reprogramming system was established using the OT all-iPSC mice-derived somatic cells. Our results provide the first evidence that the DNA dioxygenase Tet1 can replace multiple pluripotency transcription factors and can generate high-quality iPSCs with Oct4. Stem Cells 2015;33:686–698
Predicting the responses of reinforced concrete slab strips subjected to axial tension and transverse load – a competition
Authors: Galmarini Andreas , Locher Daniel , Marti Peter 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSix large‐scale tests on reinforced concrete slab strips were carried out at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich, Switzerland, in order to investigate the loadbearing behaviour of reinforced concrete slabs subjected to axial tension and transverse load. Four of these tests were used for an international competition to predict the responses of the test specimens. The specimens differed in the axial tension applied and the presence of stirrups.This paper presents the test concept, the four test specimens, the test results and the predictions received, and also evaluates the results of the competition. Simplified hand calculation analyses of the experiments are also included.The tests showed that there is significant shear strength in reinforced concrete slabs under axial tension, and that the system capacity of such slab strips is not limited by a local shear failure. The prediction competition revealed that the modelling of a cracked reinforced concrete slab strip is still a significant challenge, even for experienced researchers using the latest analysis tools.
Opportunistic source scheduling in multi‐source two‐way relay networks
Authors: Lei Xianfu , Hu Rose Qingyang , Fan Lisheng , Wu Geng 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe consider a multi‐source two‐way relay network, in which one source
communicates with N other sources
(n = 1,2,…,N) with the help of a single amplify‐and‐forward relay. We propose two opportunistic source scheduling schemes in such a network. According to the proposed schemes, in each transmission interval, only a single out of the N sources
is selected, and this selected node acts as either transmitter or receiver depending on the channel conditions. For both schemes, tight closed‐form lower bounds of outage probability and bit error rate (BER) are derived. Asymptotic outage probability and BER that are valid for high signal‐to‐noise ratio regime are also analyzed, which can provide important insights on the impact of system parameters. The analytical results show that the full diversity order N + 1 can be achieved by both proposed schemes. Simulation results are also presented to corroborate the analysis. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Understanding the potential of hepatitis C virus internal ribosome entry site domains to modulate translation initiation via their structure and function
Authors: Khawaja Anas , Vopalensky Vaclav , Pospisek Martin 
Published: October 2014

Translation initiation in the hepatitis C virus (HCV) occurs through a cap‐independent mechanism that involves an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) capable of interacting with and utilizing the eukaryotic translational machinery. In this review, we focus on the structural configuration of the different HCV IRES domains and the impact of IRES primary sequence variations on secondary structure conservation and function. In some cases, multiple mutations, even those scattered across different domains, led to restoration of the translational activity of the HCV IRES, although the individual occurrences of these mutations were found to be deleterious. We propose that such observation may be attributed to probable long‐range inter‐ and/or intra‐domain functional interactions. The precise functioning of the HCV IRES requires the specific interaction of its domains with ribosomal subunits and a subset of eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs). The structural conformation, sequence preservation and variability, and translational machinery association with the HCV IRES regions are also thoroughly discussed, along with other factors that can affect and influence the formation of translation initiation complexes. WIREs RNA 2015, 6:211–224. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1268This article is categorized under:

RNA Structure and Dynamics > Influence of RNA Structure in Biological Systems
Translation > Translation Regulation
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
Preparation, Crystal Structure, Thermal Decomposition, and DFT Calculation of a Novel 3D Infinite Structure Coordination Polymer [Na2(H2O)4(ITDO)2]n (ITDO = 2H‐imidazo‐[4,5‐e]‐as‐1,2,4‐triazine‐2,7‐dihydro‐3,6‐dione)
Authors: Qiu Hao , Rong Jingjing. , Li Shichuan , Tong Wenchao , Zhang Tonglai , Yang Li 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe syntheses and characterization of the glycoluril, 1,5‐diamino‐3,7‐dioxo‐2,4,6,8‐tetraazabicyclo[3.3.0]‐octane (1), and a novel 3D infinite structure coordination polymer, [Na2(H2O)4(ITDO)2]n (ITDO = 2H‐imidazo‐[4,5‐e]‐as‐1,2,4‐triazine‐2,7‐dihydro‐3,6‐dione) (2) are described. Their crystal structures both belong to monoclinic space group P21/n. In the structure of 2 sodium is hexacoordinated by two types of both aqua ligands (monodentate and end‐on bridge) and ITDO ligand (end‐on bridge and end‐to‐end bridge). The ITDO ligand, which may have a potential application in anti‐cancer therapy, is reported for the first time. Thermal analysis of 1 shows only one endothermic peak at 184.5 °C. Thermal analysis of 2 indicates two endothermic processes and three main successive exothermic processes occurred as shown in the DSC curve. The first endothermic peak temperature is 143.4 °C and the first exothermic peak temperature is 461.7 °C, which exhibits good thermal stability. Density functional theory calculations were performed for 2, which indicate that 2 is a kind of ionic complex and combined by electrostatic interaction. Moreover, the ITDO ligand is an active group in the chemical reactions of 2.
Alpha‐Lipoic Acid Supplementation Reduces mTORC1 Signaling in Skeletal Muscle from High Fat Fed, Obese Zucker Rats
Authors: Li Zhuyun , Dungan Cory M. , Carrier Bradley , Rideout Todd C. , Williamson David L. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is hyperactive in liver, adipose and skeletal muscle tissues of obese rodents. Alpha‐lipoic acid (αLA) has been well accepted as a weight‐loss treatment, though there are limited studies on its effect on mTOR signaling in high‐fat fed, obese rodents. Therefore, the goal of this study was to determine mTOR signaling and oxidative protein alterations in skeletal muscle of high‐fat fed, obese rats after αLA supplementation. Phosphorylation of the mTOR substrate, eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E‐binding protein 1 (4E‐BP1) and eIF4B were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in muscle from αLA supplemented rats. Activation of AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), an mTOR inhibitory kinase, was higher (p < 0.05) in the αLA group. Protein expression of markers of oxidative metabolism, acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), cytochrome c oxidase IV (COX IV), peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR), and PPAR gamma coactivator 1‐alpha (PGC‐1α) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) after αLA supplementation compared to non‐supplemented group. Our findings show that αLA supplementation limits the negative ramifications of consuming a high fat diet on skeletal muscle markers of oxidative metabolism and mTORC1 signaling.
International variance in the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Feeley I. H. , Green C. J. , Rowan F. E. , Moore D. P. 
Published: October 2014

Introduction Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is the most common congenital musculoskeletal abnormality. Recourse to definitive surgical treatment is not typically taken until over the age of 18–24 months. International consensus regarding age at surgery, degree of dysplasia requiring surgery and type of osteotomy is not available in the literature. Study aims To determine variation in timing and type of osteotomy for persistent DDH across the world. Methodology Senior authors of recent publications pertaining to hip dysplasia were sampled. Participants’ practice relating to age and radiological indications for surgery were determined. Results Thirty-two surgeons responded from five different geographical regions. No inter-regional consensus was established regarding investigations to determine the need for osteotomy, preferred osteotomy type or ideal age at which to perform an osteotomy. Conclusion International agreement regarding the surgical management of DDH does not exist. This common congenital condition warrants development of a treatment algorithm.
Finite-size effects in parametric subharmonic instability
Authors: Bourget Baptiste , Scolan Hélène , Dauxois Thierry , Le Bars Michael , Odier Philippe , Joubaud Sylvain 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe parametric subharmonic instability (PSI) in stratified fluids depends on the frequency and the amplitude of the primary plane wave. In this paper, we present experimental and numerical results emphasizing that the finite width of the beam also plays an important role on this triadic instability. A new theoretical approach based on a simple energy balance is developed and compared with numerical and experimental results. Owing to the finite width of the primary wave beam, the secondary pair of waves can leave the interaction zone which affects the transfer of energy. Experimental and numerical results are in good agreement with the prediction of this theory, which brings new insights on energy transfers in the ocean where internal waves with finite-width beams are dominant.
Drop motion through a confining orifice
Authors: Bordoloi Ankur D. , Longmire Ellen K. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe motion of gravity-driven deformable drops (Bond number, $\mathit{Bo}\sim 0.8{-}11$) through a circular confining orifice (ratio of orifice diameter to drop diameter, $d/D<1$) was studied using high-speed imaging. Drops of water/glycerin, surrounded by silicone oil, fall toward and encounter the orifice plate after reaching terminal speed. The effects of surface wettability were investigated for both round-edged and sharp-edged orifices. For the round-edged case, a thin film of surrounding oil prevents the drop fluid from contacting the orifice surface, such that the flow outcomes of the drops are independent of surface wettability. For $d/D<0.8$, the boundary between drop capture and release depends on a modified Bond number relating drop gravitational time scale to orifice surface tension time scale and is independent of viscosity ratio. Drops that release break into multiple fragments for larger $\mathit{Bo}$ and smaller $d/D$. For the sharp-edged case, a contact is initiated at the orifice edge immediately upon impact, such that surface wettability influences the drop outcome. When the surface is hydrophobic, the contact line motion through the orifice enhances penetration of the drop fluid, but the trailing interface becomes pinned at the orifice edge, inhibiting drop release. When the surface is hydrophilic, a fraction of the drop fluid is always captured because the drop fluid spreads on both the upper and lower plate surfaces.
‘Fire Burn and Cauldron Bubble’: Iron Age and Early Roman Cauldrons of Britain and Ireland
Authors: Joy Jody 
Published: October 2014

‘A man can live to 50 but a cauldron will live to 100’ – Old Kazakh sayingThis paper presents a re-examination of Iron Age and early Roman cauldrons, a little studied but important artefact class that have not been considered as a group since the unpublished study of Loughran of 1989. Cauldrons are categorised into two broad types (projecting-bellied and globular) and four groups. New dating evidence is presented, pushing the dating of these cauldrons back to the 4th centurybc. A long held belief that cauldrons are largely absent from Britain and Ireland between 600 and 200bcis also challenged through this re-dating and the identification of cauldrons dating from 600–400bc. Detailed examination of the technology of manufacture and physical evidence of use and repair indicates that cauldrons are technically accomplished objects requiring great skill to make. Many have been extensively repaired, showing they were in use for some time. It is argued that owing to their large capacity cauldrons were not used every day but were instead used at large social gatherings, specifically at feasts. The social role of feasting is explored and it is argued that cauldrons derive much of their significance from their use at feasts, making them socially powerful objects, likely to be selected for special deposition.
Pervasive legal threats to protected areas in Brazil
Authors: de Marques Ana Alice Biedzicki , Peres Carlos A. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBrazil safeguards a vast network of parks and reserves, termed conservation units. The creation of conservation units follows a rigorous legal protocol that grants them long-term stability under varying degrees of formal protection against land-use change. Degazettement, downsizing or downgrading any conservation unit requires a law to be passed. Recent shifts in Brazilian conservation policy have, however, favoured infrastructure projects and agricultural land conversion, even when these initiatives are in direct conflict with established conservation units. Several bills have been proposed by the National Congress, threatening 27 conservation units and bringing the long-term political stability and legal immunity of hitherto sacrosanct reserves into serious question.