bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health-related quality of life following sport-related concussion in interscholastic athletes
Authors: Valovich McLeod Tamara C , Curtis Bay R , Valier Alison R , Lam Kenneth C , Parsons John T 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveTo determine the impact of concussion on general, fatigue-specific, and headache-specific Health-related quality of life (HRQOL).DesignRepeated measures.SettingHigh school athletic facilities.PatientsTwo hundred and fifty-nine adolescent athletes who sustained a concussion diagnosed by their athletic trainer (218 males, 41 females, age=15.9±1.2 years, grade=10.0±1.1).InterventionsParticipants completed the paediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), PedsQL Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS), and Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) during a preseason baseline (BL) and on days 3 (D3), 10 (D10) and 30 (D30) post-concussion.Main Outcome MeasuresDependent variables included: 4 PedsQL subscale scores (physical (PF), emotional (EF), social (SOF), school (SCF) functioning), 3 MFS subscale scores (general (GF), sleep (SLF), cognitive (CF) fatigue), and the HIT-6 total score. Higher scores on the HIT-6 and lower scores on the PedsQL and MFS indicate lower HRQOL. Analyses were conducted using generalised estimating equations with follow-up Bonferroni corrections.ResultsAll omnibus tests were significant (p<0.001). Athletes reported significantly lower HRQOL on D3 than BL for PF (D3=77.8, 95% CI 75.1 to 80.4; BL=92.9, 95% CI 91.4 to 94.4), SCF (D3=78.6, 95% CI 76.3 to 80.8; BL=83.9, 95% CI 81.8 to 86.0), CF(D3=73.2, 95% CI 70.3 to 76.1; BL=82.6, 95% CI 79.9 to 85.1), GF (D3=74.9, 95% CI 72.0 to 77.9; BL=85.1, 95% CI 82.8 to 87.4) and HIT-6 (D3=51.5, 95% CI 50.3 to 52.6; BL=45.4, 95% CI 44.5 to 46.4). All D10 and D30 subscale scores were significantly higher than BL.ConclusionsConcussed athletes demonstrated lower general, fatigue-specific, and headache-specific HRQOL in the immediate days post-injury. These findings corroborate reports of the symptoms experienced acutely post-concussion and align with a time when athletes are often restricted from participating in physical and cognitive activities. The effects of concussion on HRQOL appear short-lived, with recovery by 10 days post-injury.AcknowledgementsThis study was funded by a grant from the National Operating Committee for Standards on Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE).Competing interestsNone.
Isometric cervical muscle strength mitigates head impact severity
Authors: Schmidt Julianne Denice , Guskiewicz Kevin M , Mihalik Jason P 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveTo compare the risk of sustaining a mild, moderate, and severe head impact between athletes with high and low isometric cervical strength.DesignProspective cohort.SettingClinic/On-field.ParticipantsTwenty-one collegiate American football players.InterventionsIsometric strength was measured prior to the season using a handheld dynamometer in four directions: flexion, anterolateral-flexion, rotation, and posterolateral-extension. Participants completed three 3 s trials. We used the Head Impact Telemetry System to record head impact biomechanics (N=8649 head impacts) at practices and games.Main Outcome MeasurementsPeak force values were averaged across trials and sides and then normalised to body mass. Players were categorised as either high or low performers based on a 50th percentile cut-off separately for each direction and for composite strength (sum across each direction). Using previous values, each head impact was categorised as mild (linear acceleration ≤66 g), moderate (>66 g or <106 g), or severe (≥106 g). The risk of sustaining mild, moderate, and severe head impact between high- and low-strength athletes were computed using risk ratios.ResultsPlayers with low flexion, posterolateral-extension, and composite strength had a greater risk of sustaining moderate (RR=2.0, 1.8, 1.6, respectively) and severe (RR=1.6, 1.1, 1.2, respectively) impacts. Players with weaker anterolateral-flexors had a reduced risk of sustaining moderate (RR=0.8) and severe (RR=0.7) impacts.ConclusionsThe cervical musculature may play a role in mitigating head impact severity among collegiate football players. Sports medicine professionals and strength and conditioning coaches should continue exploring the potential benefits of cervical strengthening programmes on head injury prevention.AcknowledgementsThe authors thank Breton Asken for his assistance during data collection.Competing interestsNone.
Player aggression affects head impact biomechanics in youth ice hockey players
Authors: Mihalik Jason P , Guskiewicz Kevin M , Marshall Stephen W 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of player aggression on head impact biomechanics.DesignProspective cohort.SettingField (on-ice) study.ParticipantsThirty-seven volunteer ice hockey players (age=15.0±1.0 years, height=173.5±6.2 cm, mass=66.6±9.0 kg, playing experience=2.9±3.7 years).InterventionsParticipants were equipped with accelerometer-instrumented helmets to collect head impact biomechanics for one playing season. The Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) was administered to all players. We collected the total number of penalties in minutes (PIM) throughout the season. Data were analysed using random intercept general mixed linear models, with each individual player as a repeating factor/cluster.Main Outcome MeasurementsDependent variables included linear and rotational head accelerations, and the Head Impact Technology severity profile (HITsp), a weighted composite score factoring impact accelerations, duration, and location. Tertile aggression and PIM data were used to categorise players into high, moderate, and low aggression levels.ResultsThe players who experienced the highest number of PIM experienced greater rotational accelerations (p=0.034) and HITsp values (p=0.046) than those with the lowest number of PIM. No differences in linear acceleration for PIM were observed (p>0.05). We did not observe any differences between the aggression levels as measured by the BPAQ (p>0.05).ConclusionsYouth ice hockey players with higher PIM experienced greater head impact forces, supporting behavioural interventions designed to reduce excessive penalty taking among youth hockey players such as Fair Play in North America. Officials should more stringently assess penalties to participants who purposefully foul opponents. Our results should encourage youth ice hockey players to conform to playing rules.AcknowledgementsThis study was supported in part by a grant from the Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation to The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Injury Prevention Research Center (grant #2005-PREV-BANT-387). The USA Hockey Foundation and the National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE) also provided financial support.Competing interestsNone.
Cervico-vestibular physiotherapy in the treatment of individuals with persistent symptoms following sport related concussion: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Schneider Kathryn J , Meeuwisse Willem H , Nettel-Aguirre Alberto , Boyd Lara , Barlow Karen M , Emery Carolyn A 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine if a combination of cervical and vestibular physiotherapy is an effective treatment for individuals with persistent symptoms following a sport related concussion (SRC).DesignRandomised Controlled Trial.SubjectsThirty-one participants (12–30 years) who attended the University of Calgary Sport Medicine Centre for a SRC and had persistent symptoms of dizziness, neck pain and/or headaches.InterventionParticipants were randomly allocated to a treatment group (ie, multimodal physiotherapy including vestibular rehabilitation, manual therapy, neuromotor and sensorimotor retraining exercises) or a control group (ie, rest followed by gradual exertion). Participants in both groups were seen by the study treating physiotherapist once weekly for 8 weeks or until the time of medical clearance. A sport medicine physician who was blinded to treatment group determined time to medical clearance.Outcome MeasurementsThe primary outcome of interest was medical clearance to return to sport.ResultsOne of 14 subjects (7.1%) in the control group and 11 of 15 subjects (73.3%) in the treatment group were medically cleared to return to sport at 8 weeks. The participants in the treatment group were 10.27 (95% CI 1.51 to 69.55) times more likely to be medically cleared to return to sport in 8 weeks than the participants in the control group (p<0.001).ConclusionsParticipants who received multimodal physiotherapy treatment were more likely to achieve medical clearance before 8 weeks when compared with rest in individuals with persistent symptoms following an SRC.AcknowledgementsThe Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre is one of the International Research Centres for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health supported by the International Olympic Committee. This study was funded by an Investigator Driven Small Grant from the Alberta Centre for Child, Family and Community Research. Kathryn Schneider is supported by a studentship through Alberta Innovates Health Solutions (AIHS) and Carolyn Emery by AIHS and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute.
Pulsatility and the Risk of Nonsurgical Bleeding in Patients Supported With the Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device HeartMate II
Authors: Wever-Pinzon Omar , Selzman Craig H. , Drakos Stavros G. , Saidi Abdulfattah , Stoddard Gregory J. , Gilbert Edward M. , Labedi Mohamed , Reid Bruce B. , Davis Erin S. , Kfoury Abdallah G. , Li Dean Y. , Stehlik Josef , Bader Feras 
Published: March 2013

Background—
Bleeding is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). Reduced pulsatility has been implicated as a contributing cause. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of different degrees of pulsatility on the incidence of nonsurgical bleeding.

Methods and Results—

The Utah Transplantation Affiliated Hospitals (U.T.A.H.) heart failure and transplant program databases were queried for patients with end-stage heart failure who required support with the continuous-flow LVAD HeartMate II (Thoratec Corp, Pleasanton, CA) between 2004 and 2012. Pulsatility was evaluated by means of the LVAD parameter pulsatility index (PI) and by the echocardiographic assessment of aortic valve opening during the first 3 months of LVAD support. PI was analyzed as a continuous variable and also stratified according to tertiles of all the PI measurements during the study period (low PI: <4.6, intermediate PI: 4.6–5.2, and high PI: >5.2). Major nonsurgical bleeding associated with a decrease in hemoglobin ≥2 g/dL (in the absence of hemolysis) was the primary end point. A total of 134 patients (median age of 60 [interquartile range: 49–68] years, 78% men) were included. Major bleeding occurred in 33 (25%) patients (70% gastrointestinal, 21% epistaxis, 3% genitourinary, and 6% intracranial). In multivariable analysis, PI examined either as a categorical variable, low versus high PI (hazard ratio, 4.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.35–12.21;
P
=0.04), or as a continuous variable (hazard ratio, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.40–0.92;
P
=0.02) was associated with an increased risk of bleeding.

Conclusions—
Reduced pulsatility in patients supported with the continuous-flow LVAD HeartMate II is associated with an increased risk of nonsurgical bleeding, as evaluated by PI.
French Absolutism and Agricultural Capitalism: A Comment on Henry Heller’s Essays
Authors: Miller Stephen 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
This intervention takes up the depiction of agriculture in Henry Heller’s essays on ancien régime France. The argument of this intervention is that rural social relations did not evolve according to a capitalist logic. Rather, given market opportunities, landlords, both noble and bourgeois, sought to enhance their power over the peasantry, extract additional labour from the families of smallholders, and gain profit for the purpose of adding to their political authority.
The 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 6 agonist EMD 386088 ameliorates ketamine-induced deficits in attentional set shifting and novel object recognition, but not in the prepulse inhibition in rats
Authors: Nikiforuk Agnieszka , Fijał Katarzyna , Potasiewicz Agnieszka , Popik Piotr , Kos Tomasz 
Published: March 2013

Preclinical data suggest that the 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) 6 (5-HT6) receptor may be a potential target for the development of new therapies for treating cognitive dysfunctions in schizophrenia and other central nervous system disorders. Recent evidence indicates that not only blockade but also activation of 5-HT6 receptors exerts procognitive effects. Nevertheless, little is known about the potential efficacy of 5-HT6 receptor agonists in models of schizophrenia-like cognitive deficits. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the 5-HT6 receptor agonist, EMD 386088, on the ketamine-induced deficits in the attentional set-shifting task (ASST), novel object recognition (NOR) task and prepulse inhibition (PPI) task in rats. Acute administration of EMD 386088 (2.5 and 5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) to Sprague-Dawley rats reversed the deficit in the ASST induced by repeated ketamine administration. Moreover, the ketamine-induced deficit in the NOR task was ameliorated by EMD 386088 at a dose of 5 mg/kg. However, in contrast to the antipsychotic drug clozapine, the 5-HT6 agonist did not affect PPI disrupted by ketamine. The present study demonstrated the beneficial effects of the 5-HT6 agonist in ameliorating some of the ketamine-induced deficits relevant to schizophrenia. It thus seems likely that the 5-HT6 receptor activation may represent a useful pharmacological approach to the treatment of cognitive disturbances observed in this disorder.
Critical Evaluation of Outcome Scales Assessment of Lateral Ankle Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Burn Alexandre , Buerer Yannick , Chopra Swati , Winkler Michaela , Crevoisier Xavier 
Published: March 2013

Background: Outcome following foot and ankle surgery can be assessed by disease- and region-specific scores. Many scoring systems exist, making comparison among studies difficult. The present study focused on outcome measures for a common foot and ankle abnormality and compared the results obtained by 2 disease-specific and 2 body region-specific scores. Methods: We reviewed 41 patients who underwent lateral ankle ligament reconstruction. Four outcome scales were administered simultaneously: the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) and the Chronic Ankle Instability Scale (CAIS), which are disease specific, and the American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot scale and the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), which are both body region-specific. The degree of correlation between scores was assessed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Nonparametric tests, the Kruskal-Wallis and the Mann-Whitney test for pairwise comparison of the scores, were performed. Results: A significant difference ( P < .005) was observed between the CAIS and the AOFAS score ( P = .0002), between the CAIS and the FAAM 1 ( P = .0001), and between the CAIT and the AOFAS score ( P = .0003). Conclusions: This study compared the performances of 4 disease- and body region-specific scoring systems. We demonstrated a correlation between the 4 administered scoring systems and notable differences between the results given by each of them. Disease-specific scores appeared more accurate than body region-specific scores. A strong correlation between the AOFAS score and the other scales was observed. The FAAM seemed a good compromise because it offered the possibility to evaluate the patient according to his or her own functional demand. Clinical Relevance: The present study contributes to the development of more critical and accurate outcome assesment methods in foot and ankle surgery.
A European collaborative study of treatment outcomes in 346 patients with cardiac stage III AL amyloidosis
Authors: Wechalekar Ashutosh D. , Schonland Stefan O. , Kastritis Efstathios , Gillmore Julian D. , Dimopoulos Meletios A. , Lane Thirusha , Foli Andrea , Foard Darren , Milani Paolo , Rannigan Lisa , Hegenbart Ute , Hawkins Philip N. , Merlini Giampaolo , Palladini Giovanni 
Published: March 2013

Key PointsDeep clonal responses improve outcomes and can change the natural history of advanced (cardiac stage III) AL amyloidosis. NT-proBNP >8500 ng/L and SBP <100 mm Hg identify a very poor risk subgroup of stage III AL amyloidosis.
Integrated analysis of cytochrome P450 gene superfamily in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum
Authors: Zhu Fang , Moural Timothy W , Shah Kapil , Palli Subba Reddy 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe functional and evolutionary diversification of insect cytochrome P450s (CYPs) shaped the success of insects. CYPs constitute one of the largest and oldest gene superfamilies that are found in virtually all aerobic organisms. Because of the availability of whole genome sequence and well functioning RNA interference (RNAi), the red flour beetle,Tribolium castaneumserves as an ideal insect model for conducting functional genomics studies. Although severalT. castaneumCYPs had been functionally investigated in our previous studies, the roles of the majority of CYPs remain largely unknown. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the phylogenetic relationship of allT. castaneumCYPs with genes in other insect species, investigated theCYP6BQgene cluster organization, function and evolution, as well as examined the mitochondrial CYPs gene expression patterns and intron-exon organization.ResultsA total 143 CYPs were identified and classified into 26 families and 59 subfamilies. The phylogenetic trees of CYPs among insects across taxa provided evolutionary insight for the genetic distance and function. The percentage of singleton (33.3%) inT. castaneumCYPs is much less than those inDrosophila melanogaster(52.5%) andBombyx mori(51.2%). Most members in the largest CYP6BQ gene cluster may make contribution to deltamethrin resistance in QTC279 strain.T. castaneumgenome encodes nine mitochondrial CYPs, among themCYP12H1is only expressed in the final instar larval stage. The intron-exon organizations of these mitochondrial CYPs are highly diverse.ConclusionOur studies provide a platform to understand the evolution and functions ofT. castaneumCYP gene superfamily which will help reveal the strategies employed by insects to cope with their environment.
Cell stress molecules in the skeletal muscle of GNE myopathy
Authors: Fischer Charlotte , Kleinschnitz Konstanze , Wrede Arne , Muth Ingrid , Kruse Niels , Nishino Ichizo , Schmidt Jens 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
Mutations of the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine-kinase (GNE)-gene are causally related to GNE myopathy. Yet, underlying pathomechanisms of muscle fibre damage have remained elusive. In sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM), the pro-inflammatory cell-stress mediators αB-crystallin and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are crucial markers of the disease pathology.

Methods
10 muscle biopsies from GNE myopathy patients were analyzed for mRNA-expression of markers of cell-stress, inflammation and β-amyloid and compared to non-myopathic controls. Using double-labeling immunohistochemistry, serial sections of skeletal muscle biopsies were stained for amyloid precursor protein (APP), major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I, αB-crystallin, neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), interleukin (IL)-1β, β-amyloid, iNOS, and phosphorylated neurofilament (P-neurofilament) as well as hematoxylin/eosin histochemistry. Corresponding areas of all biopsies with a total of 2,817 muscle fibres were quantitatively assessed for all markers.

Results
mRNA-expression of APP, NCAM, iNOS, TNF-α and TGF-β was higher in GNE myopathy compared to controls, yet this was not statistically significant. The mRNA-expression of APP and αB-crystallin significantly correlated with the expression of several pro-inflammatory and cell-stress-associated markers as NCAM, IL-1β, TGF-β, CCL-3, and CCL4. By immunohistochemistry, αB-crystallin and iNOS were co-upregulated and the number of fibres positive for αB-crystallin, NCAM, MHC-I and iNOS significantly correlated with each other. A large fraction of fibres positive for αB-crystallin were double positive for iNOS and vice-versa. Moreover, several fibres with structural abnormalities were positive for αB-crystallin and iNOS. Notably, particularly normal appearing fibres displayed an overexpression of these molecules.

Conclusions
The cell-stress molecules αB-crystallin and iNOS are overexpressed in GNE myopathy muscle and may identify early disease mechanisms. The data help to better understand the pathology of GNE myopathy.
Dietary patterns and risk of colorectal cancer in Tehran Province: a case–control study
Authors: Safari Akram , Shariff Zalilah Mohd , Kandiah Mirnalini , Rashidkhani Bahram , Fereidooni Foroozandeh 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
Colorectal cancer is the third and fourth leading cause of cancer incidence and mortality among men and women, respectively in Iran. However, the role of dietary factors that could contribute to this high cancer incidence remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine major dietary patterns and its relationship with colorectal cancer.

Methods
This case–control study was conducted in four hospitals in Tehran city of Iran. A total of 71 patients (35 men and 36 women, aged 40–75 years) with incident clinically confirmed colorectal cancer (CRC) and 142 controls (70 men and 72 women, aged 40–75 years) admitted to hospital for acute, non-neoplastic diseases were recruited and interviewed. Dietary data were assessed by 125-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the relationship between dietary patterns and risk of colorectal cancer.

Results
Two major dietary patterns (Healthy pattern and Western pattern) were derived using principal component analysis. Each dietary pattern explained 11.9% (Healthy pattern) and 10.3% (Western pattern) of the variation in food intake, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, the Healthy dietary pattern was significantly associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer (OR= 0.227; 95% CI=0.108–0.478) while an increased risk of colorectal cancer was observed with the Western dietary pattern (OR=2.616; 95% CI= 1.361-5.030).

Conclusion
Specific dietary patterns, which include healthy and western patterns, may be associated with the risk of colorectal cancer. This diet-disease relationship can be used for developing interventions that aim to promote healthy eating for the prevention of chronic disease, particularly colorectal cancer in the Iranian population.