bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volar morphology of the distal radius in axial planes: A quantitative analysis
Authors: Oura Keiichiro , Oka Kunihiro , Kawanishi Yohei , Sugamoto Kazuomi , Yoshikawa Hideki , Murase Tsuyoshi 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTTo investigate the cause of rupture of the flexor pollicis longus (FPL) after volar plate fixation of distal radius fractures, previous studies have examined the shape of the distal radius in the sagittal plane or in the lateral view. However, there are no reports on the anatomical shape of the volar surface concavity of the distal radius in the axial plane. We hypothesized that this concavity might contribute to the mismatch between the plate and the surface of the radius. To test this hypothesis, we constructed three‐dimensional models of the radius and FPL based on computed tomography scans of 70 normal forearms. We analyzed axial cross‐sectional views with 2 mm intervals. In all cases, the volar surface of the distal radius was concave in the axial plane. The concavity depth was maximum at 6 mm proximal to the palmar edge of the lunate fossa and progressively decreased toward the proximal radius. FPL was closest to the radius at 2 mm proximal to the palmar edge of the lunate fossa. The volar surface of the distal radius was externally rotated from proximal to distal. These results may help to develop new implants which fit better to the radius and decrease tendon irritation. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:496–503, 2015.
Maternal exposure to diets containing flaxseed flour or flaxseed oil during pregnancy and lactation protects the aortic remodeling in adult male offspring of diabetic rat dams
Authors: Vicente Gabriela Câmara , Correia‐Santos André Manoel , Suzuki Akemi , Coca Velarde Luis Guillermo , Chagas Maurício Alves , Boaventura Gilson Teles 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDDiabetes during pregnancy is associated with cardiovascular complications in the fetus and extends into adulthood. Therapeutic applications of flaxseed have been studied in cardiovascular disorders, because its oilseed is the best plant source of omega‐3 fatty acid, which is currently considered by researchers to be an essential protective against cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of flaxseed flour and oil on cardiovascular biochemical parameters and the histoarchitecture of the aorta in adult rats which were offspring of diabetic mothers.RESULTSAt 100 days of age in offspring it was observed that maternal consumption of a high‐fat diet containing flaxseed oil (FOG) and flaxseed flour (FFG) did not affect the serum concentration of monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1, vascular endothelial growth factor, cholesterol, triglycerides, high‐density‐, low‐density‐ or very‐low‐density‐lipoprotein cholesterol. However, the thickness of the intima media layer of the aorta was significantly smaller in FOG and FFG groups; the lumen area was similar among the groups; and a higher percentage of elastic fiber was found in FOG and FFG groups.CONCLUSIONThese data suggest that the use of both flaxseed flour and its oil reduces the remodeling of the aorta; however; it has not been possible to modify the cardiovascular biochemical parameters. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Adjuvant chemotherapy after neoadjuvant chemoradiation and curative resection for rectal cancer: Is it necessary for all patients?
Authors: Jung Kyung Uk , Kim Hee Cheol , Park Joon Oh , Park Young Suk , Park Hee Chul , Choi Doo Ho , Cho Yong Beom , Yun Seong Hyeon , Lee Woo Yong , Chun Ho‐Kyung 
Published: December 2014

BackgroundThe benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who have received neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) and undergone curative resection remains unclear.MethodsThis study was a retrospective review of prospectively collected data. Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent curative surgery after neoadjuvant CCRT between January 2006 and March 2011 were identified. Four hundred forty‐one patients who completed adjuvant chemotherapy (chemo group) were compared with 35 patients who did not receive any adjuvant treatment (nonchemo group).ResultsThe 5‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) was significantly higher in the chemo group (78.5% vs. 63.1%, P =  0.016). After stratification of the patients according to nodal status, these differences were no longer significant, but there were trends toward inferior DFS in the nonchemo group in all survival curves. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, no adjuvant chemotherapy (HR, 2.306; 95% CI, 1.101–4.829; P = 0.027) emerged as an independent prognostic factor associated with decreased DFS.ConclusionsAdjuvant chemotherapy was significantly associated with increased DFS among patients who had undergone neoadjuvant CCRT and radical resection for locally advanced rectal cancer. Adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered in every patient after neoadjuvant CCRT irrespective of the final pathology stage. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:439–444. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
INHBA overexpression indicates poor prognosis in urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder and upper tract
Authors: Lee Hsiang‐Ying , Li Ching‐Chia , Huang Chun‐Nung , Li Wei‐Ming , Yeh Hsin‐Chih , Ke Hung‐Lung , Yang Kai‐Fu , Liang Peir‐In , Li Chien‐Feng , Wu Wen‐Jeng 
Published: December 2014

BackgroundUrothelial carcinoma (UC) originating from the bladder (UBUC) and upper urinary tract (UTUC) is the most common type of urinary tract tumor. While its pathogenesis remains obscured. Computerizing a published transcriptomic database of UBUC (GSE31684), we identified Inhibin, Beta A (INHBA) as the most significant upregulated gene associated with tumor progression among those associated with growth factor activity (GO:0008083). We therefore analyzed the clinicopathological significance of INHBA expression in UC.DesignQuantiGene assay was used to detect INHBA transcript level in 36 UTUCs and 30 UBUCs. Immunohistochemistry evaluated by H‐score was used to determine INHBA protein expression in 340 UTUCs and 296 UBUCs. INHBA expression was correlated with clinicopathological features and disease‐specific survival (DSS) and metastasis‐free survival (MeFS).ResultsIncrements of INHBA transcript level was associated with higher pT status in both UTUC and UBUC. INHBA protein overexpression was significantly associated with advanced clinicopathological features in both groups of UC. INHBA overexpression significantly implied inferior DSS (UTUC, P = 0.002; UBUC, P = 0.005) and MeFS (UTUC and UBUC, both P < 0.001) in multivariate analysis.ConclusionINHBA overexpression implies adverse clinical outcomes for UC, justifying it is a potential prognostic biomarker and a novel therapeutic target in UC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:414–422. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Combination of ultracentrifugation and solid‐phase extraction with subsequent chromatographic analysis of α‐tocopherol in erythrocyte membranes
Authors: Plíšek Jiří , Pospíchalová Naďa , Khalikova Maria , Aufartová Jana , Solichová Dagmar , Krčmová Lenka Kujovská , Solich Petr 
Published: December 2014

A novel and rapid sample pretreatment technique based on a combination of ultracentrifugation and solid‐phase extraction for the determination of α‐tocopherol in human erythrocyte membranes by high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection is presented in this work. Red blood cell samples were ultracentrifuged (288 000 × g, 3 min, 4°C) in the presence of d‐mannitol, 4‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐1‐piperazineethanesulfonic acid and calcium chloride. The α‐tocopherol was then extracted from the erythrocyte membranes by solid‐phase extraction with n‐hexane in the presence of ascorbic acid. Tocopherol acetate was used as the internal standard. The extract was dissolved in methanol and separated on the monolithic column Chromolith Performance RP‐18e (100 × 4.6 mm) using 100% methanol as the mobile phase. The absorbance of α‐tocopherol was measured at a wavelength of 295 nm. The method was validated and showed sufficient accuracy and precision, ranging from 96.4 to 100.8% and from 4.5 to 6.3%, respectively. Moreover, the developed method was applied to the determination of erythrocyte α‐tocopherol in real samples from patients. The combined ultracentrifugation and solid‐phase extraction technique substantially decreased the time for the sample pretreatment step compared to liquid–liquid extraction and could be applicable for the quantitation of other analytes in erythrocyte membranes.
Audiologic presentation of enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct according to the SLC26A4 genotypes
Authors: Rah Yoon C. , Kim Ah R. , Koo Ja‐Won , Lee Jun H. , Oh Seung‐ha , Choi Byung Y. 
Published: December 2014

Objectives/HypothesisTo determine the distribution of the number and types of mutant alleles of SLC26A4 and their correlations with hearing phenotypes in Korean bilateral enlargement of vestibular aqueduct (EVA) patients.Study DesignProspective cohort study.MethodsTo determine the number and type of mutant alleles, Sanger sequencing of coding region of SLC26A4 was performed for 56 patients with bilateral EVA who were consecutively recruited. Their correlations with hearing phenotypes were analyzed based on 0.5‐, 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐kHz air conduction averages of pure‐tone audiometry.ResultsMost patients with bilateral EVA (83.9%) carried two mutant alleles of SLC26A4 (M2), and all others (16.1%) had only one detectable mutant allele of SLC26A4 (M1) in the Korean population. There were no cases with zero mutations. p.H723R/p.H723R was the most frequently observed mutant allelic pair (34%), followed by p.H723R/c.919‐2A>G (20%). There was no significant difference in hearing threshold, progression, or fluctuation of hearing level between the M1 and M2 groups. However, focusing on the type of mutations exclusively in the M2 group, cases with p.H723R/c.919‐2A>G were associated with more frequent progression of hearing loss during the follow‐up period. The cases with p.H723R/c.919‐2A>G tended to show slightly better hearing than p.H723R homozygotes, although the difference was not statistically significant. There appears to be a different genotype‐auditory phenotype correlation among ethnicities.ConclusionsOur data suggest that the auditory phenotype of Korean bilateral EVA patients is more strongly correlated with the type rather than the number of mutations in SLC26A4.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 125:E216–E222, 2015
Magnitude and Occurrence Probability of Soil Loss: A Risk Analytical Approach for the Plot Scale For Two Sites in Lower Austria
Authors: Strohmeier Stefan , Laaha Gregor , Holzmann Hubert , Klik Andreas 
Published: December 2014

AbstractLong‐term contribution of soil loss events depends on both – the magnitude and the occurrence probability – but oftentimes, a limited observation period impedes the assessment of the temporal soil loss distribution.In this research, the event‐based soil loss from two plot locations in Lower Austria (Mistelbach and Pixendorf) was linked with the event‐based rainfall erosivity (EI30) to assess the temporal soil loss distribution using long‐term rainfall data from two meteorological stations in Lower Austria. For both plot locations, a risk analysis was performed to (i) assess the long‐term average annual soil loss and to (ii) evaluate the contribution of incremental erosion events according to different event return periods. The risk analysis showed that in Pixendorf the events <20 years return period dominatingly contribute to long‐term soil loss, because the contribution of the events >20 years return period is progressively reduced through the low occurrence probability. On the contrary, in Mistelbach the soil loss magnitudes of the extreme events overcome the effect of the low occurrence probability, and consequently, the contribution of the extreme events (>20 years return period) is dominant. The spatially variable contribution of the erosion events reveals the need for spatially customized soil conservation strategies. A risk analytical approach may help to allocate the driving events and thus to define proper event design magnitudes for local soil conservation planning. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
INVESTING IN HUMAN DIGNITY A GLOBAL VISION, A HEALTHY ROI, A BETTER WORLD
Authors: Bryant John Hope 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe debate about wealth inequality continues to resonate worldwide. What may seem like an intractable problem still has possibilities for significant improvement if leaders in all sectors can work together and enact creative solutions, according to Bryant. He outlines the forward‐thinking viewpoints of executives from a variety of institutions, including the New York Stock Exchange, the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, the Small Business Administration, KPMG, the Arthur M. Blank Foundation, and such banks as SunTrust and Wells Fargo. Bryant quotes Martin Luther King Jr.'s belief that “injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.”
WHY GREAT IDEAS GET REJECTED AND HOW TO KEEP YOURS FROM BEING SHOT DOWN
Authors: Burkus David 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBurkus believes that great ideas are often initially greeted with rejection, hostility, or neglect. He cites a variety of examples, from the creative/cultural (the 1913 Paris debut of Igor Stravinsky's ballet The Rite of Spring) to the corporate (Kodak invented the first digital camera in 1975 but never capitalized on it). He outlines the psychological factors often at play when organizations are faced with new and challenging ideas and cites Vanderbilt professor David A. Owens's concept of the “hierarchy of no.” “Regardless of how much lip service is given to wanting new, fresh ideas,” Burkus writes, “people experience a subtle bias against creativity in uncertain situations.”
How Do I Examine for a Supranuclear Gaze Palsy?
Authors: Anderson Tim 
Published: December 2014

AbstractClassically, a supranuclear gaze palsy (SNGP) is a conjugate gaze limitation that can be overcome (i.e., corrected) by the vestibulo‐ocular reflex (VOR). It involves vertical eye movement most commonly. In practice, SNGP can be encountered as a limitation in excursion of self‐generated conjugate saccades (fast eye movements) that can be improved or overcome with verbal command, visual targets, or VOR. Thus, mild SNGPs may be overcome with verbal commands (e.g., “look down”) or visual targets (e.g., “look down at my hand”), whereas moderate SNGPs may be overcome by smooth pursuit mechanisms and following a visual target (e.g., “look at my pen as it moves”) and severe SNGPs can only be overcome with the VOR (i.e., fixating straight ahead while the head is passively rotated). So, it is best to assess for an SNGP in a hierarchical fashion; initially assessing saccades to command, then saccades to visual targets, then smooth pursuit of a target, and finally with the VOR.
Population prevalence of Tourette syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Scharf Jeremiah M. , Miller Laura L. , Gauvin Caitlin A. , Alabiso Janelle , Mathews Carol A. , Ben‐Shlomo Yoav 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to refine the population prevalence estimate of Tourette Syndrome (TS) in children and to investigate potential sources of heterogeneity in previously published studies. A systematic review was conducted and all qualifying published studies of TS prevalence were examined. Extracted data were subjected to a random‐effects meta‐analysis weighted by sample size; meta‐regressions were performed to examine covariates that have previously been proposed as potential sources of heterogeneity. Twenty‐six articles met study inclusion criteria. Studies derived from clinically referred cases had prevalence estimates that were significantly lower than those derived from population‐based samples (P= 0.004). Among the 21 population‐based prevalence studies, the pooled TS population prevalence estimate was 0.52% (95% confidence interval CI: 0.32‐0.85). In univariable meta‐regression analysis, study sample size (P= 0.002) and study date (P= 0.03) were significant predictors of TS prevalence. In the final multivariable model including sample size, study date, age, and diagnostic criteria, only sample size (P< 0.001) and diagnostic criteria (omnibusP= 0.003; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision [DSM‐IV‐TR]:P= 0.005) were independently associated with variation in TS population prevalence across studies. This study refines the population prevalence estimate of TS in children to be 0.3% to 0.9%. Study sample size, which is likely a proxy for case assessment method, and the use of DSM‐IV‐TR diagnostic criteria are the major sources of heterogeneity across studies. The true TS population prevalence rate is likely at the higher end of these estimates, given the methodological limitations of most studies. Further studies in large, well‐characterized samples will be helpful to determine the burden of disease in the general population. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Myorhythmia: Phenomenology, etiology, and treatment
Authors: Baizabal‐Carvallo José Fidel , Cardoso Francisco , Jankovic Joseph 
Published: December 2014

AbstractMyorhythmia is defined as repetitive, rhythmic, slow (1‐4 Hz) movement affecting chiefly cranial and limb muscles. When occurring in the limbs it may be oscillatory and jerky, whereas oculo‐masticatory myorhythmia, typically associated with Whipple's disease, is a slow, repetitive, often asymmetrical, facial and ocular movement. Thus, myorhythmia overlaps phenomenologically with tremor and segmental myoclonus. Although often present at rest, it must be differentiated from parkinsonian or dystonic tremor. Recognition of this movement disorder is important because it is usually associated with lesions involving the brainstem, thalamus, or other diencephalic structures with potentially treatable etiologies. In addition to Whipple's disease, myorhythmia has been described in patients with cerebrovascular disease, listeria encephalitis, anti‐N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor encephalitis, steroid‐responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis, multiple sclerosis, and other disorders. In addition to our own experience, we have systematically reviewed the medical literature, focusing on the phenomenology, pathophysiology, and etiology of this poorly recognized movement disorder. In this review, we aim to highlight the clinical features that differentiate myorhythmia from other movement disorders. Treatment should be directed against the underlying etiology. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Carrier frequencies of eleven mutations in eight genes associated with primary ciliary dyskinesia in the Ashkenazi Jewish population
Authors: Fedick Anastasia M. , Jalas Chaim , Treff Nathan R. , Knowles Michael R. , Zariwala Maimoona A. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractPrimary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetically heterogeneous, autosomal recessive disorder that results from functional and ultrastructural abnormalities of motile cilia. Patients with PCD have diverse clinical phenotypes that include chronic upper and lower respiratory tract infections, situs inversus, heterotaxy with or without congenital heart disease, and male infertility, among others. In this report, the carrier frequencies for eleven mutations in eight PCD‐associated genes (DNAI1, DNAI2, DNAH5, DNAH11, CCDC114, CCDC40, CCDC65, and C21orf59) that had been found in individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish descent were investigated in order to advise on including them in existing clinical mutation panels for this population. Results showed relatively high carrier frequencies for the DNAH5 c.7502G>C mutation (0.58%), the DNAI2 c.1304G>A mutation (0.50%), and the C21orf59 c.735C>G mutation (0.48%), as well as lower frequencies for mutations in DNAI1, CCDC65, CCDC114, and DNAH11 (0.10–0.29%). These results suggest that several of these genes should be considered for inclusion in carrier screening panels in the Ashkenazi Jewish population.
Cryptanalysis and improvement of ‘an improved authentication with key agreement scheme on elliptic curve cryptosystem for global mobility networks’
Authors: Farash Mohammad Sabzinejad 
Published: December 2014

SUMMARYAuthentication schemes assure that authorised user can fraudulently obtain his/her required services from home domains. Recently, Li et al. (International Journal of Network Management, 2013; 23(5):311–324) proposed a remote user authentication scheme. They claimed that their protocol is secure against known security attacks. However, in this paper, we indicate that Li et al.'s scheme is insecure against user impersonation attack. We show that an active adversary can easily masquerade as a legitimate user without knowing the user's secret information. As a remedy, we also proposed an improved authentication scheme to overcome the security weaknesses of Li et al.'s scheme. To show the security of our scheme, we prove its security the random oracle model. The implementation results show that our improved scheme offers a reduction of 58% in computational cost and a communication cost reduction of 48% with respect to Li et al.'s scheme. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Uterine and umbilical artery Doppler at 28 weeks for predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with abnormal uterine artery Doppler findings in the early second trimester
Authors: Ventura Walter , De Paco Matallana Catalina , Prieto‐Sanchez Maria Teresa , Macizo María Isabel , Pertegal Miriam , Nieto Aníbal , Delgado Juan L. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the contribution of uterine (UtA) and umbilical arteries (UA) Doppler examination at 28 weeks to predict adverse pregnancy outcomes in women who had increased resistance in UtA in the early second trimester.MethodsWomen with UtA mean pulsatility index (PI) above the 95th centile at 19–22 weeks of gestation were offered a growth scan including Doppler examination of UtA and UA at 28 weeks. Adverse pregnancy outcomes included small for gestational age (SGA), defined as birth weight below the tenth centile, preeclampsia (PE) and early‐onset PE (PE before 34 weeks).ResultsWe studied 266 pregnant women with elevated PI in the UtAs in the second trimester and ultrasound reassessment at 28 weeks. UtA PI >95th centile at 28 weeks was associated with subsequent PE [odds ratio (OR): 10.0, 95% CI: 2.3–43.5], early‐onset PE (OR: 57.7, 95% CI: 3.8–87.6) and SGA less than the tenth centile (OR: 5.5, 2.2–13.9). UA PI >95th centile at 28 weeks was not significantly associated with any adverse outcome.ConclusionsIn women with abnormal UtA Doppler in the early second trimester scan, persistence of elevated UtA PI, but not abnormal UA PI, is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including PE, early‐onset PE and SGA. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.