bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three Clinical Experiences with SNP Array Results Consistent with Parental Incest: A Narrative with Lessons Learned
Authors: Helm Benjamin M. , Langley Katherine , Spangler Brooke , Vergano Samantha 
Published: November 2013

AbstractSingle nucleotide polymorphism microarrays have the ability to reveal parental consanguinity which may or may not be known to healthcare providers. Consanguinity can have significant implications for the health of patients and for individual and family psychosocial well‐being. These results often present ethical and legal dilemmas that can have important ramifications. Unexpected consanguinity can be confounding to healthcare professionals who may be unprepared to handle these results or to communicate them to families or other appropriate representatives. There are few published accounts of experiences with consanguinity and SNP arrays. In this paper we discuss three cases where molecular evidence of parental incest was identified by SNP microarray. We hope to further highlight consanguinity as a potential incidental finding, how the cases were handled by the clinical team, and what resources were found to be most helpful. This paper aims to contribute further to professional discourse on incidental findings with genomic technology and how they were addressed clinically. These experiences may provide some guidance on how others can prepare for these findings and help improve practice. As genetic and genomic testing is utilized more by non‐genetics providers, we also hope to inform about the importance of engaging with geneticists and genetic counselors when addressing these findings.
Spray‐Dried Redispersible Emulsion to Improve Oral Bioavailability of Itraconazole
Authors: Rao Monica R. P. , Aghav Shital S. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDry emulsions are powdery, lipid‐based formulations from which an o/w‐emulsion can be easily reconstituted in vivo or when exposed to water. The objective of this work was to prepare and characterize dry emulsion of itraconazole (ITZ) to improve its solubility and bioavailability. Dry emulsions were prepared by spray‐drying liquid o/w‐emulsions containing carriers like maltodextrin, sucrose, and lactose. Propylene glycol monocaprylate was selected as oil phase, and surfactant blends of vitamin E tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate and triblock PEO–PPO–PEO copolymer as emulsifying agents. Several oil:water and carrier:water ratios were tested. An optimum formulation was selected using 32 full factorial design. The droplet size, rheological behavior, and drug release from o/w‐emulsion before and after reconstitution and the micromeritic properties of spray‐dried product were investigated. Maltodextrin was used as a carrier for preparing dry emulsions. The optimized dry emulsion was characterized using DSC, SEM, PXRD, and in vivo study. The SEM analysis showed that dry emulsion consisted of well‐separated particles with smooth surfaces. The DSC and XRD study showed that ITZ in the dry emulsion is in the molecular dispersion state. Globule size analysis showed that dry emulsion had good reconstitution properties. The emulsions were found to be thermodynamically stable when subjected to cyclical freeze–thaw cycles and centrifugation tests. The average globule size of emulsions ranged from 0.994 to 1.668 μm. A 71.35 % increase in Cmax and 114.78 % increase in AUC was evident for ITZ dry emulsion as compared to plain ITZ.
Synthesis of Ascorbyl Palmitate with Immobilized Lipase from Pseudomonas stutzeri
Authors: Santibáñez Luciana , Wilson Lorena , Illanes Andrés 
Published: November 2013

AbstractSynthesis of ascorbyl palmitate by enzymatic esterification of palmitic acid and ascorbic acid was conducted in an organic medium with Pseudomonas stutzeri lipase TL immobilized in different supports and its performance was compared with commercial Novozym 435 lipase used as a reference. The enzyme was immobilized in different supports and the best catalyst was selected in terms of immobilization yield and mass specific activity to perform the reactions of synthesis. Synthesis of ascorbyl palmitate was optimized considering temperature, substrate molar ratio and enzyme to limiting substrate mass ratio as variables, and substrate conversion and specific productivity as evaluation parameters. The best reaction conditions for immobilized lipase TL were 55 °C, 1:5 ascorbic to palmitic acid molar ratio, and 1:10 lipase to ascorbic acid mass ratio, obtaining 57 % substrate conversion and a specific productivity of 0.013 [g ascorbic acid/(g enzyme × min)]; the best conditions for Novozym 435 were 70 °C, ascorbic to palmitic acid molar ratio 1:10, and 1:10 lipase to ascorbic acid mass ratio, obtaining 51 % substrate conversion and a specific productivity of 0.016 [g ascorbic acid/(g enzyme × min)].
Production of Human Milk Fat Substitutes Catalyzed by a Heterologous Rhizopus oryzae Lipase and Commercial Lipases
Authors: Simões Tiago , Valero Francisco , Tecelão Carla , Ferreira‐Dias Suzana 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis study aims to produce human milk fat substitutes by an acidolysis reaction between lard and the free fatty acids (FFA) from a fish oil concentrate rich in docosahexaenoic acid, in solvent‐free media. The immobilized commercial lipases from (1) Rhizomucor miehei (Lipozyme RM IM), (2) Thermomyces lanuginosa (Lipozyme TL IM) and (3) Candida antarctica (Novozym 435) were tested as biocatalyst. Also, the heterologous Rhizopus oryzae lipase (rROL), immobilized in Accurel® MP 1000, was tested as a feasible alternative to the commercial lipases. After 24 h of reaction at 50 °C, similar incorporations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (c.a. 17 mol%) were attained with Novozym 435, Lipozyme RM IM and rROL. The lowest incorporation was achieved with Lipozyme TL IM (7.2 mol%). Modeling acidolysis catalyzed by rROL and optimization of reaction conditions were performed by response surface methodology, as a function of the molar ratio FFA/lard and the temperature. The highest acidolysis activity was achieved at 40 °C at a molar ratio of 3:1, decreasing with both temperature and molar ratio. Operational stability studies for rROL in seven consecutive 24‐h batches were carried out. After the fourth batch, the biocatalyst retained about 55 % of the original activity (half‐life of 112 h).
Adolescent peer aggression and its association with mental health and substance use in an Australian cohort
Authors: Moore Sophie E. , Norman Rosana E. , Sly Peter D. , Whitehouse Andrew J.O. , Zubrick Stephen R. , Scott James 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTProspective longitudinal birth cohort data was used to examine the association between peer aggression at 14 years and mental health and substance use at 17 years. A sample of 1590 participants from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) study were divided into mutually exclusive categories (victims, perpetrators, victim‐perpetrators and uninvolved). Involvement in any type of peer aggression as a victim (10.1%), perpetrator (21.4%), or a victim‐perpetrator (8.7%) was reported by 40.2% of participants. After adjusting for confounding factors, those who were a victim of peer aggression had increased odds of later depression and internalising symptoms whilst perpetrators of peer aggression were found to be at increased risk of depression and harmful alcohol use. Victim‐perpetrators of peer aggression were more likely to have externalising behaviours at 17 years. These results show an independent temporal relationship between peer aggression and later mental health and substance use problems in adolescence.
The relationship between coping, health competence and patient participation among patients with inactive inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Gandhi Seema , Jedel S , Hood M M , Mutlu E , Swanson G , Keshavarzian A 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Coping is an integral part of adjustment for patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease but has not been well described in the literature. This study explored the relationship between coping, perceived health competence, patient preference for involvement in their treatment, depression and quality of life, particularly among patients with inactive disease (in remission).

Methods
Subjects (n = 70) with active and inactive IBD completed questionnaires, including the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, Perceived Health Competence Scale and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations. The Harvey Bradshaw Index measured disease activity.

Results
Patients with inactive IBD demonstrated significantly more interest in participating in their treatment (p &lt;.05), more perceived health competence (p =.001), less depressive symptoms (p &lt;.001), more task oriented coping (p =.02), and better quality of life than those with active disease. Only Task Oriented Coping was significantly negatively associated with the number of flares among inactive patients (p &lt;.001). Patient preference for participation in treatment was inversely associated with Avoidance (p =.005), Distraction (p =.008), and Social Diversion (p =.008) coping among inactive patients.

Conclusion
Among patients in remission, those who expressed a greater interest in treatment participation were also less likely to practice maladaptive coping. Our data demonstrate that a more active coping style may be associated with improved health outcome. Compared to patients with active disease, patients in remission are more likely to employ task oriented coping, demonstrate a higher interest in treatment participation, report greater perceived control of their health, and exhibit less depression symptoms. Our findings may increase awareness of the importance of identifying coping strategies for IBD patients, including those in remission.
Knowledge and provision practices regarding medical abortion among public providers in Hanoi, Khanh Hoa, and Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Authors: Ngo Thoai D. , Free Caroline , Le Hoan T. , Edwards Phil , Pham Kiet H.T. , Nguyen Yen B.T. , Nguyen Thang H. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo assess public service providers’ knowledge of medical abortion (MA) and practices, and perspectives on expanding the use of MA to primary and secondary health facilities in Vietnam.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted via an interviewer‐administered questionnaire among abortion providers (n = 905) from public health facilities between August 2011 and January 2012.ResultsOverall, 31.1% of providers performed both surgical and medical abortions; 68.9% offered only surgical abortion. Providers were knowledgeable about the regimen/dosage of mifepristone plus misoprostol regimen; however, knowledge scores were low for gestational age limits for MA, adverse effects of the combined drug regimen, and safety and effectiveness of MA compared with surgical abortion. Knowledge scores were significantly lower among providers in rural areas than among those in urban settings. A large proportion of providers (82.9%) thought that MA should be expanded to primary and secondary health facilities. Perceived barriers to MA expansion included lack of knowledge and training, qualified staff, adequate drug supplies, equipment, or facilities, guidelines and protocols on MA, and patient awareness.ConclusionProvision of MA in Vietnam was found to be disproportionate to surgical abortion provision and to vary by region. Knowledge of MA was moderate, but poorer among providers in rural settings.
Autophagy and proinflammatory cytokine expression in the intestinal mucosa and mesenteric fat tissue of patients with Crohn's disease
Authors: Leal Raquel Franco , Milanski Marciane , Coy Cláudio Saddy Rodrigues , Portovedo Mariana , Rodrigues Viviane Soares , Coope Andressa , Ayrizono Maria de Lourdes Setsuko , Fagundes João José , Velloso Lício Augusto 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Background Recently, mesenteric fat has been proposed to play a role in the pathophysiol- ogy of Crohn's disease (CD), as fat hypertrophy is detected close to the affected intestinal area; however, there are few studies regarding autophagy and creeping fat tissue in CD.
Objective Evaluate autophagy-related proteins and proinflammatory cytokines in intestinal mucosa and mesenteric fat in patients with CD and controls.
Patients and methods Ten patients with CD, eight with non-inflammatory disease who underwent surgery, and eight with normal ileocolonoscopy were studied. The expression of LC3-II, TNF-α and IL-23 was determined by immunoblot of protein extracts. In addition, total RNA of LC3 and Atg16-L1 were determined using RT-PCR.
Results The expression of LC3-II was significantly lower in the mesenteric tissue of CD when compared to controls (p < 0.05). In contrast, the intestinal mucosa of the CD group had higher levels of LC3-II (p < 0.05). However, mRNA expression of autophagy-related pro- teins was similar when compared to mesenteric fat groups. TNF-α and IL-23 expressions were higher in intestinal mucosa of CD than in control (p < 0.05).
Conclusion These findings suggest a defect in the autophagic activity of the creeping fat tissue in CD, which could be involved with the maintenance of the inflammatory process in the intestinal mucosa.
Risk factors for recurrence of stage I/II (TNM) colorectal adenocarcinoma in patients undergoing surgery with curative intent
Authors: Rossoni Marssoni Deconto , Telles José Ederaldo Queiroz , Rossoni Andrea Maciel de Oliveira , Matias Jorge Eduardo Fouto 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Objective Evaluate risk factors for colorectal cancer recurrence after surgical treatment.
Methods Sixty-five patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma, stage I and II (TNM), undergoing curative-intent surgery and followed for five years were studied. Presence of adjuvant/neo adjuvant therapy, tumor differentiation degree, lymphatic and venous vascular infiltration, depth of tumor invasion, and disease staging was analyzed, using recurrence relative risk ratios for each parameter calculated at two years, after two years and five years of follow up.
Results At five years, recurrence was 21.4% (14/65), with equal incidence (10.7%) for the separated periods. Only lymphatic and venous vascular infiltration showed statistically significant association with recurrence during times analyzed. Relative risk (RR) of recurrence was significantly related to the presence of lymphatic infiltration [RR = 6 (1.3 – 28.5) p = 0.01] and venous infiltration [RR = 9.5 (2.6 – 34.9) p < 0.001] after two years of follow-up. At five years follow-up, only venous infiltration remained with significant relative risk for recurrence [RR = 3.9 (1.8 – 8.8) p < 0.001]. In a multivariate analysis, only venous vascular infiltration was associated with recurrence [accuracy 81.5% (p < 0.001)].
Conclusion In this series, the factors associated with risk of colorectal cancer recurrence were the presence of lymphatic and venous vascular infiltration.
Incidence and epidemiological features of synchronous and metachronous colorectal cancer
Authors: Brambilla Eduardo , Sgarioni Augusto Cardoso , Finger Guilherme , Sartori Guilherme , Cimarosti Maicon Joel 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Introduction patients with sporadic colorectal cancer or cases associated with syndromes are at risk of having synchronous or metachronous cancer. Although it is an important subject, Brazilian data on the subject are scarce.
Objective to evaluate the incidence and epidemiological features in patients with synchronous and metachronous colorectal cancer in a reference service of proctology in the Rio Grande do Sul.
Methods cross-sectional observational study, performed between January and July 2012, analyzing all patients admitted in the service that met the inclusion criteria. A retrospective review of records was performed, noting demographic variables, comorbidities and tumor-related variables.
Results 150 records were analyzed, of which 53.3% were males and mean age was 63 (± 13.01) years old. The most frequently found tumor location was the sigmoid colon and high rectum (50.67%), followed by the lower rectum (36%). Adenocarcinomas were the most prevalent histological subtype (88%), followed by epidermoid tumors (1.33%). Hereditary syndromes were identified in five patients (3.33%), with four being Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and one hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). Among the analyzed patients, four (2.67%) had synchronous and one (0.67%) had metachronous cancer.
Conclusion the incidence of synchronous and metachronous colorectal cancer was, respectively, 2.67% and 0.67%, results that corroborate those reported in international literature.
Endoscopic management of anastomotic bleeding in the ileal pouch with staples removal and clipping
Authors: Wu Xian-rui , Lan Nan , Shen Bo 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Objective Postoperative pouch bleeding is a rare but detrimental complication following ileal pouch surgery. It is usually self-limited, however continuous bleeding requires inter- vention. There is limited published data on its management.
Design Ileoscopy via stoma for loop ileostomy and pouchoscopy via anus for ileal pouch were performed under sedation for the purpose of diagnosis and management of postop- erative bleeding.
Results Ileoscopy demonstrated a large, long blood clot in the lumen of efferent limb, but no sign of active bleeding was identified. Pouchoscopy showed that lumen of pouch body as well as afferent limb was filled with maroon-colored liquid stool. Pouch and neo-terminal ileum mucosa was normal. Two dislodged staples at the anastomotic line with sharp tips towards the lumen were found, with activating bleeding at one site. The staples were re- moved by biopsy forceps, and active bleeding was successfully controlled by the deploy- ment of one endoclip.
Conclusions We reported the first case that postoperative pouch bleeding, which was caused by dislodged staples, was successfully managed by endoscopic removal of the staples com- bined with clipping.
Historical review of Lynch syndrome
Authors: Wolf Andrew I. , Buchanan Adam H. , Farkas Linda M. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractLynch syndrome was formerly known as Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer. Currently, these two nomenclatures each have their unique definitions and are no longer used interchangeably. The history of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer was first recognized formally in the literature by Henry Lynch in 1967. With advances of molecular genetics, there has been a transformation from clinical phenotype to genotype diagnostics. This has led to the ability to diagnose affected patients before they manifest with cancer, and therefore allow preventative surveillance strategies. Genotype diagnostics has shown a difference in penetrance of different cancer risks dependent on the gene containing the mutation. Surgery is recommended as prevention for some cancers; for others they are reserved for once cancer is noted. Various surveillance strategies are recommended dependent on the relative risk of cancer and the ability to intervene with surgery to impact on survival. Risk reduction through aspirin has shown some recent promise, and continues to be studied.
Two-year experience in laparoscopic colorectal surgery in a healthcare service in Salvador: a critical analysis
Authors: Mendes Carlos Ramon Silveira , Ferreira Luciano Santana de Miranda , Sapucaia Ricardo Aguiar , Lima Meyline Andrade 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Introduction laparoscopic colorectal surgery has become a viable access route since the beginning of 1990, using Jacobs’ technique. Its outcomes are decrease in hospitalization length, early return to routine activities, better esthetic results and less postoperative pain.
Objective to report a series of patients treated by a team using videolaparoscopic access route in colorectal surgery.
Material and methods retrospective, descriptive study carried out in Salvador, state of Bahia, Brazil, from April of 2010 to May 2012.
Results a total of 81 procedures were analyzed; 59.3% of cases were females, mean age was 58.3 years. Benign illness was treated in 48.1% to the patients. Rectosigmoidectomy was carried out in 41.5% and right colectomy in 21%. Intraoperative complications were observed in 3.7% and postoperative in 21% of cases, with a conversion rate of 6.2%.
Conclusion the laparoscopic procedure showed to be safe and the surgeon's training results in better outcomes in this series.
Numerical simulations of unbounded cyclotron-maser emissions
Authors: SPEIRS DAVID C. , McCONVILLE S. L. , GILLESPIE K. M. , PHELPS A. D. R. , RONALD K. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractNumerical simulations have been conducted to study the spatial growth rate and emission topology of the cyclotron-maser instability responsible for stellar/planetary auroral magnetospheric radio emission and intense non-thermal radio emission in other astrophysical contexts. These simulations were carried out in an unconstrained geometry, so that the conditions existing within the source region of some natural electron cyclotron masers could be more closely modelled. The results have significant bearing on the radiation propagation and coupling characteristics within the source region of such non-thermal radio emissions.
Psychodynamic therapy for adolescents suffering from co-morbid disorders of conduct and emotions in an in-patient setting: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Salzer S. , Cropp C. , Jaeger U. , Masuhr O. , Streeck-Fischer A. 
Published: November 2013

BackgroundCo-morbid disorders of conduct and emotions can be regarded as childhood antecedents of further negative developments (e.g. manifestation of personality disorders in adulthood). We evaluated a manualized psychodynamic therapy (PDT) for adolescents with these co-morbid disorders.MethodIn a randomized controlled trial (RCT), 66 adolescents diagnosed with mixed disorders of conduct and emotions (F92 in ICD-10) were randomly assigned to a manualized in-patient PDT group or a waiting list/treatment-as-usual (WL/TAU) control condition. Diagnoses according to DSM-IV were also documented. Patients were compared using rates of remission as the primary outcome. The Global Severity Index (GSI) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were used as secondary measures. Assessments were performed at baseline, post-treatment and at the 6-month follow-up.ResultsThe sample consisted of severely impaired adolescents with high rates of further co-morbid disorders and academic failure. Patients in the treatment group had a significantly higher rate of remission [odds ratio (OR) 26.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 6.42–108.55, p < 0.001]. Compared with the control group, the PDT group resulted in significantly better outcomes on the SDQ (p = 0.04) but not the GSI (p = 0.18), with small between-group effect sizes (SDQ: d = 0.38, GSI: d = 0.18). However, the scores of patients treated with PDT were post-treatment no longer significantly different from normative data on the GSI and within the normal range on the SDQ. The effects in the treatment group were stable at follow-up. Furthermore, most patients were reintegrated into educational processes.ConclusionPDT led to remarkable improvement and furthered necessary preconditions for long-term stabilization. In future, PDT should be compared to other strong active treatments.