bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The advantageous of O-ARM in order to reduce the domain of search area in motion artifact correction methods: a Feasibility Study
Authors: Sokout Mohammad Sajad , Ghorbanian Ashkan , Beigzadeh Borhan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Image-guided surgery (IGS) has become one of the most practical, safest, and fastest procedures. One of its most crucial requirements is to have high-quality and high-speed CT images during the operation. This achievement has been realized through the O-Arm configuration. In this regard, numerous efforts have been made to correct motion artifacts caused by respiration, with the most effective and operational solution being the autofocus method. Despite the impressive results of this method, there are still concerns about the autofocus method, including the decrease in the accuracy of results with increasing patient movement and the significant time and computing performance required for this method in cases of extensive motion. To address this issue, a 3D CBCT Imaging system was designed, with a focus on selecting motion mechanism via estimated design parameters relating to weights and dimensions. In this study, the real model was simulated using ADAMS software including characterization of selected components and mathematical-dynamical model was developed, and controlled. We considered a reliable hypothetical respiration path as input to the designed system. The tracking accuracy of the applied control system can maintain errors within 1mm for the X- and Y-axis, and 1.5mm for the Z-axis after two respiration cycles for an ideal model of the respiration; such error for Z-axis is about 2mm for actual respiration data. Tracking the rigid motion of patients leads to a reduction of the search area in the autofocus correction method for compensating deformable motion, which can directly impact computational efforts. This dual impact approach is observed in the computational cost of the correction algorithm and the level of error.
Application of amine-modified tannins gels as coagulants in wastewater treatment
Authors: Thelmmer M. , Ncube S. , Moyo L. B. , Mamvura T. A. , Danha Gwiranai , Simate G. S. , Tshuma N 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Tannin (T) is an organic substance that may potentially be used as an inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and effective bio-coagulant to remove impurities from residential and commercial wastewater. In this study, bio-coagulants were prepared using tannins obtained from the wattle tree (Acacia mearnsii). The bio-coagulants were modified using formalin and optionally, ethanolamine (ETA) and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) as amine sources through the Mannich Reaction scheme. Three coagulants were prepared, T-ETA modified tannin, T-NH4Cl modified tannin and a mixture of T-ETA: T-NH4Cl in molar ratio 1:1. Aluminium sulphate [Al2(SO4)3], a metal-coagulant was also used as the standard for comparison. The three coagulants were tested at varied concentrations (500–1250 mg/L) using jar tests on laundry wastewater to see their effect on remediation of wastewater. A mixture of bio-coagulant T-NH4Cl and T-ETA was most effective with highest removal efficiencies for turbidity (94%), COD (85%), Total solids (87%) and nitrates (99%). For colour removal T-NH4Cl modified tannin showed the highest removal efficiency of 92%. The results support the use of cheaper and environmentally friendly amine modified tannin-based flocculants in laundry wastewater treatment as they showed less toxicity on the treated water.
Diagnostic clue for cutaneous characteristics of streptococcus pyogenes infection after COVID-19 epidemic in pediatrics in Beijing
Authors: Li Hongxin , Zhao Yong , Gao Ying , Fan Zhaoyang , Xu Jing , Liu Yan , Wei Yajun , Zhu Qing , Zhang Hongli , Hu Jin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Recent studies have presented an increase in group A streptococcal (GAS) infections especially after COVID-19 epidermic. We aim to identify cutaneous characteristics of GAS infection after epidemic in pediatrics and investigate the molecular epidemiology.
Methods
Demographic data, laboratory examination, pharyngeal and cutaneous swab samples were collected. Rapid antigen detection test (RADT) and cultures was performed. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed according to the distribution of conventional antibiotics and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations. emm (M protein coding gene) typing was examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results
A total of 60 GAS strains were collected during 2023. We identified 15 generalized GAS infection patients, median age 91.47-month. 12 patients had + RADTs. Patients had preceding illnesses, including upper respiratory tract infections, pharyngitis, sore throat and paronychia/blistering dactylitis/ hand and foot abscess. 10 patients had fever within one month before onset of GAS infection, including influenza A virus, influenza B virus, and mycoplasma pneumoniae. 10 patients have abnormal blood routine, 3 patients had urine routine and electrocardiogram. The most common emm type was emm12.0 (11, 73.33%), followed by emm12.67 (2, 13.33%). GAS isolates were sensitive to penicillin, ceftriaxone.
Study limitations
The number of patients evaluated by this study can still be considered limited; other than that, our study is a single center, which many lead to bias. Further research is needed to explore the mechanism.
Conclusions
GAS strains included from patient's throat, skin, urinary tract infection and female genital tract infection have been identified as the same GAS strains, with the same emm subtypes. Paronychia/blistering dactylitis/ hand and foot abscess is diagnostic clue for cutaneous characteristics GAS. There is association among GAS infection, emmtype and clinical manifestations.
A Mathematical Investigation into the Interconnected Dynamics of Closeness and Breastfeeding Patterns
Authors: Manickam A. , Murugeswari K. , Chakraborty Somenath , Mallik Saurav 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In this study, the generalized birth & death processes, a subclass of Semi-Markov processes are introduced, and some qualitative results of modelling degradation processes are produced. The long-term influences of closeness and breastfeeding are simulated by using the mathematical dynamics. The processes unique parameterization is given in a more user-friendly presentation of the outcomes. The conditional state probabilities associated with the cycles, which are particularly relevant to degradation processes, give special emphasis. A non-linear mathematical model is introduced along with necessary experimental observations to study the given medical problem.
Reconstructing damaged fNIRS signals with a generative deep learning model
Authors: Zhi Yingxu , Zhang Baiqiang , Xu Bingxin , Wan Fei , Niu Haijing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technology offers a promising avenue for assessing brain function across participant groups. Despite its numerous advantages, the fNIRS technique often faces challenges such as noise contamination and motion artifacts from data collection. Methods for improving fNIRS signal quality are urgently needed, especially with the development of wearable fNIRS equipment and corresponding applications in natural environments. To solve these issues, we propose a generative deep learning approach to recover damaged fNIRS signals from one or more measurement channels. The model could capture spatial and temporal variations in the time series of fNIRS data by integrating multiscale convolutional layers, gated recurrent units (GRUs), and linear regression analyses. Several extensive experiments were conducted on a dataset of healthy elderly individuals to assess the performance of the model. Collectively, the results demonstrate that the proposed model can accurately reconstruct damaged time series for individual channels while preserving intervariable relationships. Under two simulated scenarios of multichannel damage, the model maintains robust reconstruction accuracy and consistency in terms of functional connectivity. Our findings underscore the potential of generative deep learning techniques in reconstructing damaged fNIRS signals, offering a novel perspective for accurate data provision in clinical diagnosis and brain research.
Prediction model for severe vesicoureteral reflux in children with urinary tract infection and/or hydronephrosis
Authors: laleoglu pelin , Yildiz Gizem , Bayram Meral Torun , Ucar Handan Guleryuz , Soylu Alper , Kavukcu Salih 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
As voiding cystourethrography is invasive and carries the risks of radiation and urinary tract infection, identifying only high-grade reflux is important. We aimed to identify risk factors for severe reflux in children presenting with urinary tract infections and/or urinary tract dilatation and to develop a prediction model for severe reflux.
Methods
Data of the children who underwent voiding cystourethrography due to urinary tract infections and/or urinary tract dilatation were retrospectively analyzed for demographic, clinical and imaging findings. Patients with severe (grades 4–5) reflux were compared with the rest for these parameters and a prediction model was developed for severe reflux.
Results
The study included 1044 patients (574 female). Severe reflux was present in 86 (8.2%) patients. Non-E. coli uropathogens, hydronephrosis, UTD-P3 dilatation, multiple renal scar, and decreased renal function on DMSA scintigraphy were associated with severe reflux. The prediction model by using these variables for severe reflux with a score ranging from 0–6 and an accuracy rate of 93.4% was developed. A score of ≥ 4 had a sensitivity 48.8%, specificity 95.8%, PPV 51.2%, and NPV 95.4% for severe reflux. Patients with ≥ 4 score were 21.9 times more likely to have severe reflux.
Conclusion
Non-E. coli uropathogen growth, the presence of hydronephrosis and especially UTD-P3 dilatation on ultrasonography, presence of multiple scars and decreased relative function on DMSA scintigraphy were found to be independent risk factors for severe reflux. Our scoring system based on these variables appears to be effective in predicting the presence of severe VUR.
Parametric correction in the control system of the electric propulsion of autonomous underwater vehicles affected by random inputs
Authors: Avdeev Boris A. , Vyngra Aleksei V. , Chernyi Sergei G. , Zhilenkov Anton A. , Degtyarev Andrey , Mamunts David , Kustov Aleksandr 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The paper deals with the problem of controlling a DC propulsion motor of an autonomous underwater vehicle using a bidirectional non-isolated DC-DC converter. An automatic speed control system with a parametric controller was developed in the Matlab / Simulink package. To reduce energy conversion stages, dc-dc converters are often used to control dc motors AUV. The result of the work is an adaptive control system for the speed of the AUV propeller, which would provide high accuracy for a wide range of speeds and at the same time limit the maximum current and voltage at the armature. The indicators of the quality of performance in various modes of operation were determined, maps of the controller settings were compiled, and parametric correction was introduced. The operation of the system is analyzed and drawbacks are eliminated, such as voltage surges when switching from one speed to another, a decrease in overshoot and settling time. The performance of the system is analyzed under the conditions of random inputs from the propeller. The description of the laboratory stand for the study of the control system is given. A description of the laboratory study of the operation of the "DC converter - engine" system under conditions of random fluctuations in the moments on the motor shaft is given. It is shown that the proposed system has shown itself well under laboratory conditions and the experimental results are consistent with modeling in Matlab / Simulink.
Utility of IMP3, p53, and S100P Immunohistochemical Stains in Distinguishing Reactive Atypia from Dysplasia in Cholecystectomy Specimens
Authors: Sica Evan , Shore Karen T , Yang Limin , Phelps Kara Chan , Hammer Suntrea TG , Gopal Purva , Karamchandani Dipti M , Mitchell James Michael 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Distinguishing reactive atypia from dysplasia in cholecystectomy specimens can be histologically challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of IMP3, p53, and S100P immunostains in differentiating reactive atypia from dysplasia in cholecystectomies.
Methods: Fifty-four cholecystectomies were reviewed and characterized into 5 groups: 2 normal, 29 reactive atypia, 16 low-grade dysplasia, 2 high-grade dysplasia, and 5 adenocarcinoma. IMP3, p53, and S100P immunostains were performed and evaluated. IMP3 (nuclear) and S100P (nuclear or nuclear/cytoplasmic) were categorized into negative or positive expression, and p53 was categorized into wild-type and aberrant/mutant expression. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.
Results: The patients were mostly middle-aged women (mean 44, range 19-87 years, 81% female), with predominantly Hispanic White ethnicity (80%). The majority of the normal and reactive atypia cases showed negative IMP3 (100% and 75.9%, respectively) and wild-type p53 (100% and 89.7%, respectively) staining. Over half (56.3%) of the low-grade dysplasia and all the high-grade dysplasia cases showed IMP3 positivity. Aberrant p53 staining pattern was seen in half of both low and high-grade dysplasia cases. Adenocarcinoma showed IMP3 positivity in 80% and p53 aberrancy in all cases. S100P showed no statistical significance among the diagnostic categories. Significant differences in staining patterns were found between reactive atypia vs low-grade dysplasia, and reactive atypia vs low-grade + high-grade dysplasia using a combination of IMP3 and p53 stains (all p<0.05).
Conclusions: In challenging cholecystectomies, IMP3 positivity or aberrant p53 expression may serve as a useful adjunct to support a diagnosis of dysplasia over reactive atypia.
Comparison of Failure Risk in Rock Slopes Using Kinematic and Empirical Methods (Case Study)
Authors: Maleki Mahdi Rasouli , Nafiseh Yousefi Mahmoud 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In engineering projects related to rock mechanics such as open pit mines, evaluating and ensuring the stability of mine walls is a crucial aspect of these structures. Understanding the types of failures that may occur is a key focus during the study phase of open pit mines. The occurrence of failure phenomena in both natural and artificial rock slopes, like those found in open-pit mines and road trenches, poses significant challenges for such projects. The Chadormalu mine is known as one of the largest open-pit iron mines in Iran, with part of the mine's pit affected by fractures. In this study, field studies were conducted on the fracture systems of mine walls and spatial assessment for their location in three blocks, B-2, B-12 and B-15, for conducting kinematic analyses using RockPack III program and for empirical methods, Slope Mass Rating (SMR) method has been utilized. A case study of the Chadormalu iron ore mine, where the west wall ruptures have been analyzed using kinematic and empirical methods, reveals that the presence of various fault surfaces and fractures in the rock mass can lead to different types of failures such as planar, wedging, and toppling failures in the mine wall. The results obtained from this analysis, utilizing both kinematic and empirical methods, demonstrate a strong correlation between the data obtained from these two approaches.
Bird assemblages in specialty coffee production landscapes in pre-montane humid subtropical forests
Authors: Antezana-Alvarado Nayra , Torrico Gabriel G. , Pacheco Luis F. , Benavides-Frias Camila , Torrez Vania , Jacobi Johana 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Coffee-related agricultural intensification affects bird species abundance, richness, and composition through habitat loss and degradation. Production of specialty coffee is expected to be more sustainable and environmentally friendly than conventional coffee. Nevertheless, not all specialty coffee is grown sustainably. To evaluate environmental sustainability, we evaluated the composition of bird assemblages in six specialty coffee-producing communities in Bolivia’s pre-montane subtropical humid forest region. To do this, we measured the diversity, richness, generalist and specialist species, and the effect of habitat on bird assemblages, comparing coffee plots and secondary forest plots as part of “Nature’s matrix”. We found significant differences in the abundance of generalist bird species. We did not find differences in the richness and diversity of specialist species. Plant strata, herbaceous leaf cover, and shrub leaf cover affected the assemblages of generalist species. Our results represent a first step toward understanding the intricate relationship between biodiversity and specialty coffee production, highlighting the importance of considering regional differences in landscape characteristics – conceived of as Nature’s matrix – when examining biodiversity in specialty coffee systems.
Experimental investigations into corrosion behaviour of DMLS manufactured Ti6Al4V alloy in different biofluids for orthopedic implants
Authors: Goyal Vipin , Prasad Nisheeth Kr. , Verma Girish 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Ti6Al4V alloy is widely used in the biomedical implants industry due to the excellent combination of biocompatibility, mechanical strength & corrosion properties. However, long-time use of Ti6Al4V implants may result in degradation at surge due to corrosive conditions of the human body. In this study, a three-electrode electrochemical cell was used to investigate the corrosion behavior of Ti6Al4V alloy parts manufactured using direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) and conventional cast technique. The corrosion behaviour of Ti6Al4V alloy was used to investigate in three different biofluids (corrosion media) physiological saline solution (PSS), simulated body fluids (SBF), and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)using the potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) test. The relevant results showed the DMLS-produced Ti6Al4V alloy has ~ 22% higher corrosion resistance than the conventionally cast Ti6Al4V alloy in all three biofluids. Additionally, the DMLS-produced Ti6Al4V alloy in SBF has the lowest corrosion rate of 3.44 x10− 4 mm per year and exhibits the highest polarization resistance (Rp) of 3364 Ω.cm2 due to the formation of a stable passive film. The corrosion resistance of the DMLS and cast produced Ti6Al4V alloy in all three biofluids followed the order of PSS < PBS < SBF.
Rank-based combination independence tests for high-dimensional data
Authors: Xia Liqi , Cao Ruiyuan , Du Jiang , Liu Ling 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel approach to enhance the versatility of the max-sum test in high-dimensional data analysis by combining two distinct rank correlation coefficients: Spearman’s ρ and Chatterjee’s ξ. We uncovered the independence between the max-type test and the sum-type test by deriving their joint distribution. This enables the development of a comprehensive max-sum test that tackles both sparse and dense alternative correlation structures adeptly. Leveraging the asymp-totic independence between the two coefficients and the intrinsic highlights of two single-coefficient tests, we have strategically implemented Cauchy combination principles to devise a multifunctional testing methodology. This approach can accommodate monotonic and nonmonotonic data types and thus offers a versatile solution to a broad spectrum of analytical requirements. This versatility has been impressively demonstrated through a diverse range of simulation data and a real-world gene expression dataset, underscoring the effectiveness and practical utility of our proposed method.
Tuina alleviates the muscle atrophy of sciatic nerve injury rats through regulating PI3K/Akt signaling
Authors: 张 英奇 , 张 羽羽 , 刘 嘉悦 , 周日 佳伟 , 徐 岳 , shi Narentuya , 张 洪正 , 燕 嘉旺 , 陈 金平 , 王 Hourong , 余 天源 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Tuina has been shown to be an effective treatment for the decrease of skeletal muscle atrophy after Peripheral nerve injury (PNI). However, its mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms of tuina on rats with sciatic nerve injury (SNI).
Methods
A rat model of SNI was established. After a total of 20 times tuina intervention, the curative effects were evaluated by behavioral assessment, nerve function index and muscle atrophy index (MAI). The pathological changes were observed by transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. The levels of IGF-1 and FoxO were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blotting was used to detect the expression of proteins in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Result
The behavioral assessment, nerve function index and MAI proved that tuina significantly improved muscle atrophy after SNI compared with that in SNI model group. Transmission electron microscopy showed that tuina improved ultramicrostructure and immunofluorescence of CD31 showed that tuina improved microcirculation. Further, we observed that tuina differentially regulated levels of IGF-1 and FoxO and the protein expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT and VEGF in anterior tibial muscle and soleus muscle.
Conclusion
Tuina could effectively inhibit skeletal muscle atrophy via the microcirculation pathway in the rat model of SNI, by regulating the expression levels of IGF-1, FoxO. The underlying mechanism of action might be via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Light-induced quantum tunnelling current in graphene
Authors: Hassan Mohammed , Sennary Mohamed , Shah Jalil , Yuan Mingrui , Mahjoub Ahmed , Pervak Vladimir , Golubev Nikolay 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In the last decade, advancements in attosecond spectroscopy have allowed us to study electron motion dynamics in condensed matter. The access to these electron dynamics and, consequently, its control by an ultrafast light field paves the way for establishing ultrafast optoelectronics. Here, we report the generation of light-induced quantum tunnelling current in graphene phototransistors by ultrafast laser pulses in an ambient environment. This tunnelling effect provides access to the instantaneous field-driven current to demonstrate the current switching (ON and OFF) on a 630 attosecond (~1.6 petahertz speed). Moreover, we controlled the tunnelling current and enhanced the graphene phototransistor conductivity by controlling the density of the photoexcited charge carriers at different pump laser powers. Furthermore, we exploited this capability to demonstrate various logic gates. The demonstrated light-induced tunnelling current and ultrafast switching were attained under standard room temperature and pressure conditions. Therefore, the presented scientific advancement in this work is at the technology readiness level suitable for its immediate integration into the development of ultrafast—nearly six orders of magnitude faster—optical transistors, lightwave electronics, and optical quantum computers.