bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripheral artery disease is an independent risk factor for higher in-hospital mortality in Stanford type A aortic dissection repair
Authors: Li Renxi , Prastein Deyanira J. 
Published: July 2024

Background Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is an emergent condition that warrants immediate intervention. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a prevalent disease associated with worse outcomes in various cardiovascular procedures. However, it remains unclear whether PAD influences outcomes of TAAD repair. This study aimed to undertake a population-based analysis to assess impact of PAD on in-hospital outcomes following TAAD repair. Methods Patients underwent TAAD repair were identified in National Inpatient Sample from Q4 2015 to 2020. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to compare in-hospital outcomes between patients with and without PAD, adjusted for demographics, socioeconomic status, primary payer status, hospital characteristics, comorbidities, and transfer/admission status. Results 1525 patients with PAD and 2757 non-PAD patients underwent TAAD. PAD patients had higher mortality (18.62% vs 13.17%, aOR = 1.287, p = .01), AKI (51.41% vs 47.48%, aOR = 1.222, p < .01), infection (10.69% vs 8.02%, aOR = 1.269, p = .03), and vascular complication (7.28% vs 3.77%, aOR = 1.846, p < .01) but lower risks of pericardial complications (15.21% vs 19.95%, aOR = 0.696, p < .01). In addition, patients with PAD had longer time from admission to operation (1.29 ± 3.95 vs 0.70 ± 2.09 days, p < .01), longer LOS (14.92 ± 13.98 vs 13.41 ± 11.66 days, p = .01), and higher hospital charge (499,064 ± 519,405 vs 409,754 ± 405,663 US dollars, p < .01). Conclusion PAD was independently associated with worse outcome after TAAD repair. The elevated mortality rate could be attributed to the delay in surgery, which may be related to preoperative peripheral malperfusion syndrome that is common in PAD patients. A balance between preoperative management and immediate TAAD repair might be essential to prevent the increased mortality risk from treatment delays among PAD patients.
“The habit of keeping silent”: An exploratory-descriptive qualitative study of the knowledge and attitudes of Kazakhstani gynecologists toward dyspareunia
Authors: Foster Faye , Mendygali Aigerim , Makhadiyeva Dinara 
Published: July 2024

Background: Dyspareunia (pain during sex) is a common condition that causes physical and emotional stress for many women. This condition can be caused by various factors, including physical, hormonal, inflammatory, viral, neoplastic, psychological, and traumatic events. Anatomical causes include pelvic floor muscular weakness, uterine retroversion, hymenal remnants, and pelvic organ prolapse. The etiology of this condition is complex, causing it to be often overlooked. Objectives: The main aim of this study was to conduct a qualitative exploratory study and provide a comprehensive description of the knowledge and attitudes held by gynecologists in Kazakhstan on the medical validity, diagnosis, and treatment of dyspareunia. Design: This is an exploratory-descriptive qualitative study. Methods: Semi-structured online interviews were conducted with 10 physicians. They were identified as obstetrics and gynecology specialists, gynecologic oncologists, and outpatient gynecologists. The average number of years spent practicing their specialty is 15.7, with the shortest being 4 years and the longest being 35 years. All the participants are female. Braun and Clarke’s six-stage, step-by-step methodology was used for the thematic analysis. Results: Findings suggest that gynecologists in Kazakhstan have knowledge of the most common causes of dyspareunia, although they still often attribute women’s distress to psychological rather than physical factors. It was found that due to stigma and mutual embarrassment open dialogue about sexual health was lacking between patients and physicians. In addition, gynecologists describe difficulties discussing symptoms and performing intimate examinations due to time constraints and a lack of privacy at state facilities. Conclusion: To knowledgeably diagnose and treat patients with dyspareunia, gynecologists recommend further training to acquire the requisite evidence-based knowledge and competencies.
Methodological challenges and insights for researching embodied learning in museums
Authors: Price Sara , Manches Andrew , Lindgren Robb , Lane H Chad 
Published: July 2024

Embodied learning is a nascent term drawing on theories emphasising the role of the body, and body-based interaction in knowledge creation. Whilst embodied learning research has articulated pedagogical and design implications which resonate with museum practice and emphasis on hands-on approaches, translation between embodied learning research and everyday practice is limited. A key challenge is conducting research that is both methodologically rigorous whilst providing tractable implications for complex practice contexts. Whilst this tension is endemic in educational research, the field of embodied learning presents unique challenges. Here, we draw on experiences from a four-year, multisite, academic-practitioner research project investigating embodied learning with young children (3–6 years) in science centres/museums to synthesise, illustrate, and critically reflect on four key challenges: theoretical framing (how embodied learning is conceptualised), nature of the experience (what makes it embodied), evaluating embodied learning, and logistical challenges (capturing multiple modes of interaction, social context, communication). These challenges are illustrated through case studies, contributing a methodological lens for both academics and practitioners investigating the role and implications of embodied learning in museums.
Perceived Cognitive Function and Glycemic Variability: Baseline Results From a Cognitive Rehabilitation Intervention
Authors: Cuevas Heather , Stuifbergen Alexa K. , Hilsabeck Robin , Kim Jeeyeon , Wood Shenell 
Published: July 2024

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the association between glucose variability, diabetes self-management, and cognitive function in participants enrolled in a cognitive rehabilitation intervention for people with type 2 diabetes. Methods Baseline data from the Memory, Attention, and Problem-Solving Skills for Diabetes randomized controlled trial (n = 95; mean age 65.6 years, SD 5.99; 59.3% female; 59% non-Hispanic White) were analyzed and included scores from the PROMIS Cognitive Function version 2, a measure of perceived cognitive function; glucose variability measurements from continuous glucose monitors; and scores on the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Survey. Results Participants had higher levels of perceived cognitive dysfunction than the US average. Lower PROMIS scores were associated with higher levels of glucose variability. Better perceived cognitive health was related to better diabetes self-management. Glucose variability, measured by the coefficient of variation, was a significant predictor of perceived cognitive function. Conclusions Perceived cognitive function was associated with diabetes self-management and glucose variability. Understanding this association can support the development of interventions to mitigate effects associated with glucose variability and changes in cognitive function. Including measurements of perceived cognitive function in assessments has the potential to alert health care providers about the need for additional support in diabetes management and the possibility of cognitive impairment that may need further objective assessment.
The Status of Intima-Media Thickness of Bilateral Carotid Arteries in the Postinfection Phase of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Yahyaei Ferizhendi Hosna , Dahmardeh Hamid , Parsi-Moud Abolfazl 
Published: July 2024

Objective: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) affects the cardiovascular system by activating systemic inflammatory responses that cause vascular dysfunction. However, the long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the cardiovascular system remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) between patients who have recovered from Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and healthy individuals to evaluate the feasibility of vascular complications in the postinfection phase of COVID-19. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the cIMT was compared between 47 recovered patients with severe COVID-19 and 42 healthy individuals without a history of COVID-19 (controls) using Doppler sonography. Demographic and sonographic data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 statistical software. Results: A total of 47 young adults (30.8 ± 5.78 years, 7 men and 40 women) were evaluated 3 to 6 months after hospitalization for severe COVID-19, and were compared with 42 young healthy individuals (26.5 ± 5.85 years, 5 men and 37 women). The mean right and left cIMT were significantly lower in recovered COVID-19 patients than in healthy individuals (right cIMT: case group, 0.38 ± 05 mm vs control group, 0.40 ± 0.02 mm, P < .01; left cIMT: case group, 0.38 ± 0.05 mm vs control group, 0.40 ± 0.02, P < .01). Conclusion: A history of positive SARS-CoV-2 was associated with lower cIMT compared with controls. In this cohort, endothelial dysfunction may not have been the main driver of COVID-19 complications in recovered patients. However, more studies should be conducted on the relationship between cIMT and vascular complications.
Obesity-associated outcomes after ACL reconstruction: a propensity-score-matched analysis of the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample 2005–2018
Authors: Fang Zhaoyi , Liu Wenxin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common among physically active individuals, and obesity may increase the risk of such injuries due to factors like biomechanical stress on the knee. We aimed to determine if obesity affects postoperative outcomes after ACL reconstruction.

Methods
Data from adults aged 20 years and older with ACL injuries who underwent inpatient reconstruction from 2005 to 2018 were extracted from the United States (US) Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of co-existing obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2. Propensity-score matching (PSM) was employed to balance between-group differences. Associations between obesity and concomitant meniscus injury, length of stay (LOS), post-procedural complications, and non-routine discharge were examined using univariate and multivariable logistic and linear regressions.

Results
After PSM, data from 1323 patients (representing 6396 individuals in the US) were analyzed. Of these, 441 (33%) were classified as obese, while 882 (67%) were not obese. After adjustment, obesity was significantly associated with a longer LOS (adjusted beta (aBeta) = 0.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.31–0.321) and an increased likelihood of non-routine discharge (adjusted OR (aOR) = 2.18, 95% CI 1.47–3.22). There were no significant associations between obesity and concomitant meniscus injury (aOR = 1.04, 95% CI 0.81–1.32) or post-procedural complications (aOR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.74–1.27).

Conclusions
In patients undergoing ACL reconstruction in the US, obesity is independently associated with a longer LOS and a higher risk of non-routine discharge. Nevertheless, obesity does not appear to be associated with concomitant meniscus injury or post-procedural complications.
Unemployment’s long shadow: the persistent impact on social exclusion
Authors: Pohlan Laura 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper studies the long-term consequences of unemployment on different dimensions of social exclusion. Based on longitudinal linked survey and administrative data from Germany and an event study analysis combined with inverse propensity score weighting, I document that becoming unemployed has lasting adverse effects on both individuals’ material well-being and their subjective perception of social status and integration, persisting even after four years. An examination of effect heterogeneity underscores that the enduring effects of job loss are more pronounced for individuals confronted with challenging labor market conditions, those with a history of repeated unemployment, and individuals with lower levels of educational attainment.
Effect of medication adherence on quality of life, activation measures, and health imagine in the elderly people: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Albadrani Muayad Saud , Aljeelani Yousef Omar , Farsi Safwan Hatem , Aljohani Mohammed Ali , Qarh Abdulrahman Abdullah , Aljohani Ahmed Saleh , Alharbi Abdulrahman Awadallah , A. Tobaiqi Muhammad Abubaker , Aljohani Atallah Mohammad , Alzaman Naweed SyedKhaleel , Fadlalmola Hammad Ali 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Usually, old age brings a poor quality of life due to illness and frailty. To prolong their lives and ensure their survival, all elderly patients with chronic diseases must adhere to their medications. In our study, we investigate medication adherence for elderly patients and its impact on the general health of the patient.

Methods
We implemented a cross-sectional survey‐based study with four sections in April 2022 in Saudi Arabia. Data about the participants’ demographic characteristics, the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, Patient Activation Measure (PAM) 13, and EQ-5D-5 L.

Results
A total of 421 patients participated in this study, their mean age was 60.4 years, and most of them were males. Most of our population is living independently 87.9%. The vast majority of people have a low adherence record in the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (8-MMAS) classes (score = < 6). Moreover, the average PAM13 score is 51.93 (Level2) indicating a low level of confidence and sufficient knowledge to take action. Our analysis showed a significant correlation between socioeconomic status and medication adherence. Also, there was an association between housing status and medication adherence. On the other hand, we found no correlation between medication adherence and quality of life (QOL) by EQ-5D-5 L.

Conclusion
Medication adherence is directly affected by living arrangements, as patients who live with a caretaker who can remind them to take their medications at the appropriate times have better medication adherence than those who live alone. Medication adherence was also significantly influenced by socioeconomic status, perhaps as a result of psychological effects and the belief of the lower-salaried population that they would be unable to afford the additional money required to cure any comorbidities that arose as a result of the disease. On the other hand, we did not find any correlation between medication adherence and quality of life. Finally, awareness of the necessity of adherence to medication for the elderly is essential.
MicroRNAs utilization as effective factors on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, its outcomes and prognosis; a comprehensive systematic review
Authors: Habibollahzadeh Negar , Yavari Samin , Mirazimi Yasin , Aghayan Amir Hossein , Davoudian Atefeh , Rafiee Mohammad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The therapeutic method for many malignant and non-malignant diseases is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), but it is not always fully successful in all patients. Indeed, HSCT can be influenced by a variety of factors. Here we reviewed the effect of microRNAs (miRs) on HSCT-related outcomes, like survival, infections, relapse, engraftment, and so on, systematically.

Method
WOS, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and ProQuest databases were searched. The PRISMA guideline was performed, and 24 studies were included through quality assessment. Classified data extraction was done based on the type of disease.

Results
The systematic review identified 47 miRs effective on HSCT. The role of miRs as tumor suppressors or oncogenes is reported in acute myeloblastic and lymphoblastic leukemia patients undergoing HSCT due to their effects on overall or event-free survival. Additionally, relapse after HSCT in multiple myeloma is correlated with miRs expression. Also, recovery from post-autologous HSCT cytopenia or platelet and neutrophil engraftment can be influenced by miRs. We highlighted here reports on specific miRs.

Conclusion
We reported prognostic miRs for in-depth clinical management of the HSCT process and its outcomes. Also, miRs are introduced for the prevention of HSCT-related complications, and future studies are suggested to evaluate personalized medicine’s utilization of miRs in therapeutic methods like HSCT in neoplasia.
Study on leukapheresis of hyperleukocytic acute myeloid leukemia through in vitro centrifugation
Authors: Pan Ruiyang , Xu Anjie , Liu Li , Wu Jinxian , Li Xinqi , Chen Guopeng , Li Ruihang , Yin Wanyue , Liu Dandan , Liu Xiaoyan , Zhou Fuling 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRespiratory failure, intracranial hemorrhage and infection were more common in hyperleukocytic acute myeloid leukemia patients than in non-hyperleukocytic leukemia patients. Compared with non-apheresis treatment, the white blood cells decreased significantly and the infection rate decreased after apheresis treatment. However, the treatment time of leukapheresis in patients with hyperleukocytic leukemia is very long, while it is more damaging to cells. In this study, which conducted a retrospective analysis on patients with hyperleukocytic acute myeloid leukemia, the process of centrifugation of normal cells and patients’ cells by apheresis machine was simulated in vitro. Through selecting 5 healthy persons and 11 patients with hyperleukocytic acute myeloid leukemia, extracting their blood samples and performing in vitro centrifugation at different speeds or duration, we observed the changes of the numbers and morphology of peripheral blood cells in healthy people and patients, so as to explore the optimal centrifugation parameters during leukapheresis. The cells obtained by the optimal centrifugation parameters were cryopreserved and two groups of mice (10 mice in each group) were used to establish leukemia animal models. Through the research, it is found that when the centrifugal speed is below 6000 rpm, the damage to blood cells in healthy people and in patients with hyperleukocytic leukemia is not obvious. When the centrifugal speed is above 6000 rpm, the platelets will be damaged significantly. The cells obtained under the optimal centrifugation parameters can be successfully cryopreserved and used to establish leukemia animal models. This study is of great significance for improving the efficiency and reducing the side effects of leukapheresis, and is helpful to improve the treatment of white blood cells reduction.
Retinal integrity in human babesiosis: a pilot study
Authors: Dionne Elyssa , Adelman Ron A. , Cekic Osman , Golden Marjorie , Moffarah Anne Spichler , Krause Peter J. , Farhadian Shelli F. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Prior case reports and animal studies have reported on potential ophthalmologic complications of babesiosis, but this issue has not previously been addressed in a cohort of patients with babesiosis. This cross-sectional descriptive pilot study evaluated the retinas of patients with acute babesiosis to determine if retinal abnormalities are a feature of the disease.

Methods
We screened all patients admitted to Yale New Haven Hospital with laboratory confirmed babesiosis during the summer of 2023 and obtained informed consent. Patients were interviewed and underwent pupil dilation and a retinal examination using an indirect ophthalmoscope. Demographic and clinical information were obtained by questionnaire and through chart review.

Results
Ten patients underwent retinal eye exams with results that were generally unremarkable. No study patients showed any signs of retinal inflammation, infection, retinal bleeding, retinal tears, or abnormal vessel formation that could be attributed to infection.

Conclusion
This small study did not find evidence of retinopathy in patients with babesiosis. Further studies with larger populations, repeated exams, and long term follow up will further elucidate the potential small vessel complications of human babesiosis.
Serum neurofilament light chain levels are associated with depression among US adults: a cross-sectional analysis among US adults, 2013–2014
Authors: Song Ying , Jiao Huili , Weng Qi , Liu Hang , Yi Li 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) has been identified as a biomarker for neurologic diseases. However, sNfL remains unknown to be responsible for depression.

Aims
The aim of this research was to explore the relationship between sNfL levels and depression in US adults.

Methods
In this cross-sectional survey of the general population, we investigated representative data involving 10,175 participants from the 2013–2014 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Depression was diagnosed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The effect of related factors on depression was analyzed by conducting a univariate analysis. Stratified analysis was utilized to detect the stability and sensitivity of the relationship. After adjusting for race, education, marital status, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), sleep duration, income, and a history of hypertension, sedentary behavior and stroke, multivariable linear regression was performed to demonstrate the correlation between sNfL and depression.

Results
A total of 1301 individuals between the ages of 20 and 75 were involved in this investigation, of which 108 (8.3%) were diagnosed with depression. A significant positive correlation between sNfL and depression among adults in the US was observed by conducting univariable analyses. After adjusting for confounding factors, the multivariate analyses indicated that elevated sNfL levels might play a pivotal role in the development of depression (odds ratio (OR) = 3.0; 95% confidence interval (CI): (1.5, 6.1), P = 0.002).

Conclusion
These results indicated that sNfL is closely linked to depression in a nationally representative individual. However, further studies are needed to confirm the biological mechanism as well as the clinical implications of sNfL and depression.