bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients with biopsy-proven nephrosclerosis and moderately impaired renal function have a higher risk for cardiovascular disease: 15 years’ experience in a single, kidney disease center
Authors: Suzuki Hiromichi , Kobayashi Kazuhio , Ishida Yuji , Kikuta Tomohiro , Inoue Tsutomu , Hamada Ukihiro , Okada Hirokazu 
Published: April 2015

Background: Nephrosclerosis progresses slowly to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in only a small percentage of patients. However, because hypertension and nephrosclerosis are normally found simultaneously, nephrosclerosis is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). In turn, the onset of CVD may progress to further renal impairment. Aim: To evaluate clinical outcomes and the association between nephrosclerosis and CVD in the long term. Design: Prospective study Methods: We prospectively assessed 35 patients (male/female: 19/16) with nephrosclerosis aged >30 years at disease onset, attending the Kidney Disease Center, Saitama Medical University, in a single teaching hospital center between 1995 and 2014. Nephrosclerosis was diagnosed in accordance with the criteria outlined in the World Health Organization (WHO) monograph of renal diseases. All patients were followed by means of registries for 10 years to record subsequent events, if any. Outcomes: The primary study outcome was correlating the occurrence of CVD, defined as a composite of cardiovascular deaths, nonfatal and fatal myocardial infarction, and stroke, with the development of ESRD or death. Results: The mean age of patients at the time of biopsy was 54.8 ± 12.7 years (range 33–72 years). Of these patients, seven were affected by nonfatal CVD and two died due to CVD. Only one patient developed ESRD during the follow-up period. Using Kaplan–Meier analysis, risk factors for the primary study outcome were estimated to include an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, systolic blood pressure > 130 mmHg and proteinuria > 1 g/g creatinine. Univariate analysis was used for the assessment of the relative risk for the primary study endpoint of several covariates: age, systolic blood pressure, eGFR and proteinuria at time of renal biopsy. eGFR was found to be the strongest factor determining an event-free period [relative risk (RR) =1.931, p = 0.014]. Conclusions: Patients with nephrosclerosis are at high risk of CVD when they have moderately advanced renal impairment.
Direct effects of Facio-Oral Tract Therapy® on swallowing frequency of non-tracheotomised patients with acute neurogenic dysphagia
Authors: Konradi Jürgen , Lerch Annekatrin , Cataldo Marilena , Kerz Thomas 
Published: April 2015

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the direct effect of Facio-Oral Tract Therapy® on swallowing frequency of non-tracheotomised patients with acute neurogenic dysphagia. Methods: Within a pre-, post-/during and follow-up study design, 19 non-tracheotomised dysphagic patients were included consecutively and treated according to three specific preselected Facio-Oral Tract Therapy stimulation techniques. Results: The primary outcome was the direct effect of the three different Facio-Oral Tract Therapy stimulation techniques on the number of swallows. We found a significant effect of Facio-Oral Tract Therapy on swallowing frequency as compared to baseline with an increase by 65.63% and medium effect size of D = 0.62. No significant difference could be demonstrated when comparing baseline to follow-up. Conclusion: For the first time, this positive therapy effect could be demonstrated on a population of non-tracheotomised patients. Facio-Oral Tract Therapy seems to be an appropriate means for improving effectiveness and safety of swallowing. Since improvement was not long lasting, it appears to be reasonable to apply therapy frequently during the day with the plausible result of minimising the amount of aspirated saliva and thereby reducing the risk of aspiration pneumonia. Further studies may consider choosing a randomised controlled trial design to demonstrate that change in swallow frequency is related to the target intervention only.
Proximal Hamstring Repair Strength
Authors: Harvey Margaret Ann , Singh Hardeep , Obopilwe Elifho , Charette Ryan , Miller Suzanne 
Published: April 2015

Background: Proximal hamstring repair for complete ruptures has become a common treatment. There is no consensus in the literature about postoperative rehabilitation protocols following proximal hamstring repair. Some protocols describe bracing to prevent hip flexion or knee extension while others describe no immobilization. There are currently no biomechanical studies evaluating proximal hamstring repairs; nor are there any studies evaluating the effect of different hip flexion angles on these repairs. Hypothesis: As hip flexion increases from 0° to 90°, there will be a greater gap with cyclical loading. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Proximal hamstring insertions were detached from the ischial tuberosity in 24 cadavers and were repaired with 3 single-loaded suture anchors in the hamstring footprint with a Krakow suture technique. Cyclic loading from 10 to 125 N at 1 Hz was then performed for 0°, 45°, and 90° of hip flexion for 1500 cycles. Gap formation, stiffness, yield load, ultimate load, and energy to ultimate load were compared between groups using paired t tests. Results: Cyclic loading demonstrated the least amount of gap formation ( P < .05) at 0° of hip flexion (2.39 mm) and most at 90° of hip flexion (4.19 mm). There was no significant difference in ultimate load between hip flexion angles (326, 309, and 338 N at 0°, 45°, and 90°, respectively). The most common mode of failure occurred with knot/suture failure (n = 17). Conclusion: Increasing hip flexion from 0° to 90° increases the displacement across proximal hamstring repairs. Postoperative bracing that limits hip flexion should be considered. Clinical Relevance: Repetitive motion involving hip flexion after a proximal hamstring repair may cause compromise of the repair.
FlnA binding to PACSIN2 F-BAR domain regulates membrane tubulation in megakaryocytes and platelets
Authors: Begonja Antonija Jurak , Pluthero Fred G. , Suphamungmee Worawit , Giannini Silvia , Christensen Hilary , Leung Richard , Lo Richard W. , Nakamura Fumihiko , Lehman William , Plomann Markus , Hoffmeister Karin M. , Kahr Walter H. A. , Hartwig John H. , Falet Hervé 
Published: April 2015

Key PointsThe F-BAR protein PACSIN2 associates with the initiating demarcation membrane system in megakaryocytes. FlnA binding to the PACSIN2 F-BAR domain regulates membrane tubulation in megakaryocytes, platelets, and in vitro.
Validation of two predictive models for survival in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Sitbon Olivier , Benza Raymond L. , Badesch David B. , Barst Robyn J. , Elliott C. Gregory , Gressin Virginie , Lemarié Jean-Christophe , Miller Dave P. , Muros-Le Rouzic Erwan , Simonneau Gérald , Frost Adaani E. , Farber Harrison W. , Humbert Marc , McGoon Michael D. 
Published: April 2015

The French Pulmonary Hypertension Network (FPHN) registry and the Registry to Evaluate Early And Long-term Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Disease Management (REVEAL) have developed predictive models for survival in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In this collaboration, we assess the external validity (or generalisability) of the FPHN ItinérAIR-HTAP predictive equation and the REVEAL risk score calculator.Validation cohorts approximated the eligibility criteria defined for each model. The REVEAL cohort comprised 292 treatment-naïve, adult patients diagnosed <1 year prior to enrolment with idiopathic, familial or anorexigen-induced PAH. The FPHN cohort comprised 1737 patients with group 1 PAH.Application of FPHN parameters to REVEAL and REVEAL risk scores to FPHN demonstrated estimated hazard ratios that were consistent between studies and had high probabilities of concordance (hazard ratios of 0.72, 95% CI 0.64–0.80, and 0.73, 95% CI 0.70–0.77, respectively).The REVEAL risk score calculator and FPHN ItinérAIR-HTAP predictive equation showed good discrimination and calibration for prediction of survival in the FPHN and REVEAL cohorts, respectively, suggesting prognostic generalisability in geographically different PAH populations. Once prospectively validated, these may become valuable tools in clinical practice.
The relationship between asthma and suicidal behaviours: a systematic literature review
Authors: Barker Emma , Kõlves Kairi , De Leo Diego 
Published: April 2015

Asthma is a highly prevalent chronic condition worldwide, and is particularly common in younger people compared to other chronic conditions. Asthma can result in a number of symptoms that are detrimental to the quality of life of sufferers. The aim of the present systematic literature review was to analyse the existing literature on the relationship between asthma and fatal and nonfatal suicidal behaviours.Articles were retrieved from Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest and Web of Knowledge. We searched for the terms (suicid* OR self-harm) AND (asthma* OR “bronchial hyperreactivity”) published in English-language peer-reviewed journals between 1990 and December 2014. Original research papers providing empirical evidence about the potential link between asthma and suicidal behaviours were included.The initial search identified 746 articles. Specific limiting criteria reduced the number of articles to the 19 articles that were finally included in the systematic review.The review found a potential link between asthma and suicide mortality, ideation and attempts across the age groups. Limitations of the review include the restriction to English-language papers published within the chosen time period, the limited number of papers involving suicide mortality, and the fact that the majority of papers originated from the USA.
Sleeping on animal fur is related to asthma outcomes in later childhood
Authors: Tischer Christina , Standl Marie , Lehmann Irina , Schaaf Beate , von Berg Andrea , Heinrich Joachim 
Published: April 2015

Animal furs might represent a “proxy” for high and diverse microbial exposures within a critical time window of immune development. We assessed whether sleeping on animal fur shortly after birth is associated with asthma and atopy up to the age of 10 years.LISAplus participants (n=2441) from Munich and Leipzig, Germany, were included in the analysis. Animal fur exposure, cofactors and health outcomes were obtained periodically up to 10 years of age by parental questionnaires. Information on specific IgE to aeroallergens was available at 10 years. Cytokine-producing peripheral T-cells were assessed in a subgroup of children at 2 and 3 years. Confounder-adjusted associations were evaluated using logistic regression analyses.Sleeping on animal fur was very common (55%). In adjusted logistic regression analyses, sleeping on animal fur was inversely associated with recurrent early wheezing at 4 years (adjusted OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.61–0.93) and current asthma at 6 years (adjusted OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.31–1.01). Furthermore, sleeping on animal fur during the first 3 months of life was significantly associated with a persistently stimulated interferon-γ response until the age of 3 years.Animal fur could be an effective measure of creating environments associated with higher microbial exposure.
A randomised trial of lung sealantversusmedical therapy for advanced emphysema
Authors: Come Carolyn E. , Kramer Mordechai R. , Dransfield Mark T. , Abu-Hijleh Muhanned , Berkowitz David , Bezzi Michela , Bhatt Surya P. , Boyd Michael B. , Cases Enrique , Chen Alexander C. , Cooper Christopher B. , Flandes Javier , Gildea Thomas , Gotfried Mark , Hogarth D. Kyle , Kolandaivelu Kumaran , Leeds William , Liesching Timothy , Marchetti Nathaniel , Marquette Charles , Mularski Richard A. , Pinto-Plata Victor M. , Pritchett Michael A. , Rafeq Samaan , Rubio Edmundo R. , Slebos Dirk-Jan , Stratakos Grigoris , Sy Alexander , Tsai Larry W. , Wahidi Momen , Walsh John , Wells J. Michael , Whitten Patrick E. , Yusen Roger , Zulueta Javier J. , Criner Gerard J. , Washko George R. 
Published: April 2015

Uncontrolled pilot studies demonstrated promising results of endoscopic lung volume reduction using emphysematous lung sealant (ELS) in patients with advanced, upper lobe predominant emphysema. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ELS in a randomised controlled setting.Patients were randomised to ELS plus medical treatment or medical treatment alone. Despite early termination for business reasons and inability to assess the primary 12-month end-point, 95 out of 300 patients were successfully randomised, providing sufficient data for 3- and 6-month analysis.57 patients (34 treatment and 23 control) had efficacy results at 3 months; 34 (21 treatment and 13 control) at 6 months. In the treatment group, 3-month lung function, dyspnoea, and quality of life improved significantly from baseline when compared to control. Improvements persisted at 6 months with >50% of treated patients experiencing clinically important improvements, including some whose lung function improved by >100%. 44% of treated patients experienced adverse events requiring hospitalisation (2.5-fold more than control, p=0.01), with two deaths in the treated cohort. Treatment responders tended to be those experiencing respiratory adverse events.Despite early termination, results show that minimally invasive ELS may be efficacious, yet significant risks (probably inflammatory) limit its current utility.
Management of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in clinical practice: the INSIGHTS-IPF registry
Authors: Behr Jürgen , Kreuter Michael , Hoeper Marius M. , Wirtz Hubert , Klotsche Jens , Koschel Dirk , Andreas Stefan , Claussen Martin , Grohé Christian , Wilkens Henrike , Randerath Winfried , Skowasch Dirk , Meyer F. Joachim , Kirschner Joachim , Gläser Sven , Herth Felix J.F. , Welte Tobias , Huber Rudolf Maria , Neurohr Claus , Schwaiblmair Martin , Kohlhäufl Martin , Höffken Gert , Held Matthias , Koch Andrea , Bahmer Thomas , Pittrow David 
Published: April 2015

After introduction of the new international guidelines on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in 2011, we investigated clinical management practices for patients with IPF according to physicians' diagnoses.A prospective, multicenter, noninterventional study with comprehensive quality measures including on-site source data verification was performed in Germany.502 consecutive patients (171 newly diagnosed, 331 prevalent; mean±sdage 68.7±9.4 years, 77.9% males) with a mean disease duration of 2.3±3.5 years were enrolled. IPF diagnosis was based on clinical assessments and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in 90.2%, and on surgical lung biopsy combined with histology in 34.1% (lavage in 61.8%). The median 6-min walk distance was 320 m (mean 268±200 m). The mean forced vital capacity was 72±20% pred and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide was 35±15% pred. No drugs were administered in 17.9%, oral steroids in 23.7%,N-acetylcysteine in 33.7%, pirfenidone in 44.2% and other drugs in 4.6% of patients. Only 2.8% of the cohort was listed for lung transplantation.IPF patients were diagnosed in line with the new guidelines. They had more severe disease than those enrolled in recent randomised controlled trials. In addition to HRCT, the frequency of lung biopsies was surprisingly high. Treatment patterns varied substantially.
Effects of quitting cannabis on respiratory symptoms
Authors: Hancox Robert J. , Shin Hayden H. , Gray Andrew R. , Poulton Richie , Sears Malcolm R. 
Published: April 2015

Smoking cannabis is associated with symptoms of bronchitis. Little is known about the persistence of symptoms after stopping cannabis use. We assessed associations between changes in cannabis use and respiratory symptoms in a population-based cohort of 1037 young adults.Participants were asked about cannabis and tobacco use at ages 18, 21, 26, 32 and 38 years. Symptoms of morning cough, sputum production, wheeze, dyspnoea on exertion and asthma diagnoses were ascertained at the same ages. Frequent cannabis use was defined as ≥52 occasions over the previous year. Associations between frequent cannabis use and respiratory symptoms were analysed using generalised estimating equations with adjustments for tobacco smoking, asthma, sex and age.Frequent cannabis use was associated with morning cough (OR 1.97, p<0.001), sputum production (OR 2.31, p<0.001) and wheeze (OR 1.55, p<0.001). Reducing or quitting cannabis use was associated with reductions in the prevalence of cough, sputum and wheeze to levels similar to nonusers.Frequent cannabis use is associated with symptoms of bronchitis in young adults. Reducing cannabis use often leads to a resolution of these symptoms.
Traveltime tomography of a dense wide-angle profile across Orphan Basin
Authors: Watremez Louise , Helen Lau K. W. , Nedimović Mladen R. , Louden Keith E. 
Published: April 2015

We used first arrivals and Moho reflections from the 500-km-long Orphan Basin Wide-Angle Velocity Experiment (OBWAVE) profile with 3–5-km instrument spacing to construct a traveltime tomography section and to delineate the Moho discontinuity across the Orphan Basin. The Orphan Basin is a failed rift located offshore Newfoundland, Canada, showing thinned continental crust over an unusually wide region. We observed (1) a zone of extreme crustal thinning ([Formula: see text]-thick crust) with no evidence for mantle serpentinization, (2) basement morphology exhibiting tilted blocks linked to the crustal thinning, and (3) a thicker central crustal segment that is probably related to prerift structural inheritance. Comparison with the adjacent Jeanne d’Arc Basin to the southeast suggested the presence of a decoupling zone between the two basins accommodating the difference in extension rates. There was a good correlation between the tomographic velocities and the reflection structure derived from a coincident seismic reflection profile except in an area in which the reflection seismic data suggested the presence of a deep sedimentary basin. The velocity model computed in this work indicated that this area consists of prerift basement rather than Jurassic or older sediments. Tomographic models computed by varying the density of the recording instrument array gave insight into the relationship among the target size, the instrument spacing needed to resolve it, and the velocity model uncertainty. These results may help guide the design of future wide-angle reflection and refraction surveys across rifted structures.
Repair of articular osteochondral defects of the knee joint using a composite lamellar scaffold
Authors: Lv Y. M. , Yu Q. S. 
Published: April 2015

ObjectivesThe major problem with repair of an articular cartilage injury is the extensive difference in the structure and function of regenerated, compared with normal cartilage. Our work investigates the feasibility of repairing articular osteochondral defects in the canine knee joint using a composite lamellar scaffold of nano-ß-tricalcium phosphate (ß-TCP)/collagen (col) I and II with bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) and assesses its biological compatibility.MethodsThe bone–cartilage scaffold was prepared as a laminated composite, using hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nano-HAP)/collagen I/copolymer of polylactic acid–hydroxyacetic acid as the bony scaffold, and sodium hyaluronate/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) as the cartilaginous scaffold. Ten-to 12-month-old hybrid canines were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. BMSCs were obtained from the iliac crest of each animal, and only those of the third generation were used in experiments. An articular osteochondral defect was created in the right knee of dogs in both groups. Those in the experimental group were treated by implanting the composites consisting of the lamellar scaffold of ß-TCP/col I/col II/BMSCs. Those in the control group were left untreated.ResultsAfter 12 weeks of implantation, defects in the experimental group were filled with white semi-translucent tissue, protruding slightly over the peripheral cartilage surface. After 24 weeks, the defect space in the experimental group was filled with new cartilage tissues, finely integrated into surrounding normal cartilage. The lamellar scaffold of ß-TCP/col I/col II was gradually degraded and absorbed, while new cartilage tissue formed. In the control group, the defects were not repaired.ConclusionThis method can be used as a suitable scaffold material for the tissue-engineered repair of articular cartilage defects. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2015;4:56–64
The electronic editor
Authors: Graham Elyse 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This article is a study of literary mediation in the age of the e-book. It focuses on a specific editorial project being undertaken by scholarly editors in the present day, when the late age of print is giving way to the digital age. The author argues that the present moment represents a deceptively strong period for print publishing, but an uncertain and experimental period for literature, a time when the values and practices that order the literary field are no longer well-defined. The spread of digital culture is reconfiguring the make-up of the reading public, shaping readers as ‘prosumers’ who at once consume and manipulate content. Just as importantly, hyper-mediation and media convergence are forcing critics to confront an ‘unbinding of the book’ that began in practice decades before the Internet age. As professional mediators, editors occupy an ideal position to register the opportunities and the pressures of these processes, whether they are literary entrepreneurs or scholars implicated in literature as an institution. Their efforts to delimit literary texts and sell them as a particular kind of cultural institution show how the game of literature and its rules of play change shape under the pressures of new media configurations and new social worlds.
Webscapes: An academic vision for Digital Humanities Projects on the web
Authors: Robin Bernard , McNeil Sara 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
An overarching goal of the Instructional Technology Programme at the University of Houston has been to help students in our graduate courses learn technology skills by involving them in web-based ‘Digital Humanities Projects’ with local non-profit organizations. In this article, we discuss the benefits and challenges associated with the collaborative design, development and evaluation of real-world projects with community stakeholders serving as clients. Over the past decade, we have developed and used Webscapes, a theoretical model that serves as the framework for the creation of these projects. We define Webscapes as information landscapes, delivered over the web, which include a rich variety of content; challenging, cognitive explorations; intuitive navigation structures; and user-oriented interfaces. We describe the characteristics of the model and include reflections from students and community partners about accomplishments and challenges they faced. We also provide examples and discussion of Webscape projects, several of which have been completed, two that are ongoing and one that is in the early stage of development.