bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Analisis Komparasi Politik Hukum Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 Dengan Kuhp Tentang Pidana Mati
Authors: Asfi Prabangasta , Wirakusuma Zuhana Ade 
Published: August 2024

The death penalty is placed as an alternative punishment that is imposed as an option or last resort, not the main punishment as in the old Criminal Code. Placing the death penalty as an alternative punishment in Law Number 1 of 2023 raises pros and cons in society. As a replacement for the old Criminal Code, Law Number 1 of 2023 was formed to suit the needs of the Indonesian nation. Meanwhile, the Criminal Code itself is a criminal code inherited from the Dutch colonial period which has been in effect since 1946 until now. The aim of this research is to analyze the concept of imposing the death penalty in Article 100 of Law Number 1 of 2023 with Article 10 of the Criminal Code and to understand the legal politics of imposing the death penalty in Article 100 of Law Number 1 of 2023 with Article 10 of the Criminal Code. This research uses qualitative comparative literature research by comparing the two articles to be studied with a normative research approach using secondary data sources, primary legal materials in the form of Law Number 1 of 2023 and the Criminal Code as well as secondary data sources such as books by Andi Hamzah, Soedikno, Joko Sriwidodo and R.Soesilo as well as previous research such as journals, theses and articles. The results of the research are that the concept of imposing the death penalty between Law Number 1 of 2023 and the Criminal Code has differences. Judging from the theory of language interpretation, teleological interpretation, systematic interpretation, historical interpretation and comparative interpretation, both have significant differences, but in criminal theory they both have similar principles in a combined criminal theory which aims to provide a deterrent effect and enforce the law.
Examining the relationship between Herbal Medicine use and Blood Pressure control in individuals on Antihypertensive therapy across two Regional Health Facilities in Trinidad.
Authors: Williams-Persad Arlene F. , Carvalho Graham , Brereton Alexia , Baboolal Shivanand , Chinemilly Kelsea , Premchand Mikhail , Ramdial Renissa , Ramroop Angelina , Richards Patrice , Seepersad Tyneil 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Self-medication with herbal medicine (HM) to manage hypertension is an expanding trend worldwide. Still there is very little evidence to substantiate the motives for use in the control of blood pressure (BP). This study aims to ascertain the relationship between HM and antihypertensive treatment to manage hypertension across two regional health facilities in Trinidad.
Methods
This cross-sectional investigation surveyed hypertensive patients aged 35–64 from the North-Central and Eastern Regional Health facilities across Trinidad. Consent was obtained from 139 participants through convenience sampling. Data included a self-reporting questionnaire and patient medical records. Analysis using Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U tests for data not normally distributed and statistical significance at the 95% confidence interval.
Results
HM-users were either hypertensive stage 1 or 2 with no significant correlation between BMI and hypertensive stage (p-value = -0.053, p-value = 0.537). Garlic, Allium sativum L (57%) most used as a tea, was taken daily ‘to control BP’. Current systolic and diastolic BP was higher among HM-users, compared to non-users with no statistical significance. Controlled-BP, HM-users (15.7%) showed statistical significance (p < 0.05), a negative association (Phi = -0.175) and an OR (95% CI) of 0.426 (0.187–0.969). Non-compliance to prescribed antihypertensives was greater among HM-users, 40% compared to non-users, 29.6%. Antihypertensives included calcium channel blockers (70.1%), ACE inhibitors (46.3%), and angiotensin-II receptor blockers (40.6%). Patient non-compliance to conventional medication was found to be higher among HM-users identified by the negative association among patients with uncontrolled BP. The most commonly used herb, A. sativum, was preferred for BP control, however, this study showed no significant changes in BP compared to non-users.
Conclusion
Patient medication concordance is imperative. Herb-drug interactions may be associated with the higher prevalence of patients at hypertensive stages 1 and 2 that are uncontrolled in this study.
Effects of opioid-free anesthesia combined with iliofascial nerve block on perioperative neurocognitive deficits in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery: study protocol for a prospective, multicenter, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhi Tong , Wei Shirong , Kuang Jiao , Zhou Sitong , Yu Danhong , Gao Tesheng , Lei Long , Xu Chengfei , Cheng Liang , Zhou Qinghe , Ni Huadong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a common postoperative complication in the elderly, which seriously affects the quality of life in the short and even long term after surgery, and therefore there is an urgent need for additional treatment strategies for elderly patients with perioperative neurocognitive disorder. However, it has not been definitively demonstrated that perioperative neurocognitive disorder can be prevented or reduced through changes in anesthesia or intraoperative medications. The purpose of this trial was to investigate the clinical use and efficacy of opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) combined with nerve block for perioperative neurocognitive impairment in older adults undergoing hip surgery.
Methods: This is a multicenter randomized controlled trial that recruited 360 patients they will be randomly assigned to the opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) combined with iliofascial nerve block group and opioid-based anesthesia (OBA) combined with iliofascial nerve block groups. Both groups will undergo hip fracture surgery under general anesthesia with tracheal intubation combined with iliofascial nerve block. The primary outcome index was the incidence of PND within three months after surgery, and the secondary outcome indexes included changes in serum protein levels and inflammatory indexes, extubation time, incidence of postoperative pain, intraoperative vital signs and postoperative recovery.
Discussion: Prevention of perioperative neurocognitive deficits is crucial for postoperative recovery in elderly patients, and this trial aims to reduce the incidence of perioperative neurocognitive deficits in the elderly, improve postoperative quality of life, and provide a more optimal anesthetic regimen to reduce PND.
Trial registration: This trial protocol was registered with the China Clinical Trial Registry on December 14, 2023 under the registration number: ChiCTR2300078647.
Exploratory Research of PCSK9 Inhibitor on Patency of Autogenous Arteriovenous Fistula After Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty with Paclitaxel Releasing Balloon: study protocol for a prospective, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: xie yuanyuan , Zhang Haifen , Zhou Yijun , Fang Yan , Zhu Minxia , Zeng Xiaojun , Gu Leyi , Lu Renhua 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred type of vascular access for maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Stenosis is the main cause of AVF dysfunction. The K/DOQI guidelines suggest that the use of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) as the primary treatment for AVF stenosis is reasonable. However, the durability of PTA is limited. This trial aims to determine: the effect of using paclitaxel release balloons combined with PCSK9 inhibitors on improving postoperative patency of AVF and the safety of combined use.
Methods
This is a prospective, randomized, controlled study. It is exploratory research. The study will recruit 40 MHD patients aged from 18 to 75 years, with an intervention period of 48 weeks. Patients will be randomized into two arms: (1) The treatment group received postoperative use of 140 mg of Ribavirin, subcutaneously administered every two weeks for a total of 48 weeks. (2) Control group no Intervention. The primary outcome is the main patency rate.
Discussion
This is an exploratory study which would be conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PCSK9 inhibitors in the patency of AVF after paclitaxel release balloon surgery. Expected to improve restenosis rate and extend the service life of AVF.
Trial registration
The trial is approved by Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Renji Hospital Ethics Committee (LY2023-113-A). Written informed consent in the local language is obtained from each participant before conducting any study-related procedure. Results will be shared with the local community and internationally with academic and policy stakeholders.
Clinical trials ID
NCT06034691
09/10/2023
Dynamic rupture inversion on the M5.9 pre-event before the 2024 Mw7.6 Noto-Peninsula, Japan, earthquake
Authors: Aochi Hideo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Active seismicity which began since late 2020 under the Noto Peninsula, Japan, led to the Mw7.6 earthquake on the 1st January 2024. This paper analyzes the MJMA 5.9 pre-event that occurred 13 seconds before the Mw7.6 mainshock. Near-field ground motion records clearly distinguish this pre-event from the ground shaking of the mainshock. We then use six near-field ground motions over a 10-second period to obtain first the focal mechanism and then dynamic rupture models by fixing the hypocenter location. We obtain a steep dip angle of 67°, whereas the dip of the M7.6 mainshock is 33° after Japan Metrological Agency catalog. We propose a simplified inversion process that dynamic rupture models are built by varying the location of the target circular patch, the stress level and the fault dipping directions. The preferred model has an up-dip rupture directivity (rake direction) on the south-east dipping fault, i.e. propagating away from the hypocenter of the M7.6 mainshock, and the two events are not aligned on the same planar fault. Uplift of about 20 cm and more is expected on the north coast of the Noto Peninsula in the case of the stress drop of 6 MPa or less. We also analyze another M5.5 pre-event 4 minutes earlier, with a slightly deeper focal depth and a gentle dip angle of 36°. This earthquake has also a rupture directivity in the up-dip direction. This infers that there should have been a preparation process of the Mw7.6 mainshock behind these pre-events and multiple fault segmentations around the hypocenter zone might have played a role.
Automatic Identification of Coronary Stent in Coronary Calcium Scoring CT using Deep Learning
Authors: Ahn Yura , Jeong Gyu-Jun , Lee Dabee , Kim Cherry , Lee June-Goo , Yang Dong Hyun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Automatic pre-screening of pre-existing stents, whose prognostic value remains uncertain, could potentially reduce workload and enhance efficiency. However, such a solution has not yet been developed and validated. We aimed to develop and evaluate a deep learning-based coronary stent filtering algorithm (Stent_filter) in CAC scoring CT scans using a multicenter CAC dataset. We developed Stent_filter comprising two main processes: stent identification and false-positive reduction. Development utilized 108 non-enhanced echocardiography-gated CAC scans (including 74 with manually labeled stents), and for false positive reduction, 2063 CAC scans with significant coronary calcium (average Agatston score: 523.8) but no stents were utilized. Stent_filter’s performance was evaluated on two independent internal test sets (n = 355 and 396; one without coronary stents) and two external test sets from different institutions (n = 105 and 62), each with manually labeled stents. We calculated the per-patient sensitivity, specificity, and false-positive rate of Stent_filter. Stent_filter demonstrated a high overall per-patient sensitivity of 98.8% (511/517 cases with stents) and a false-positive rate of 0.022 (20/918). Notably, the false-positive ratio was significantly lower in the dataset containing stents (Internal-1; 0.008 [3/355]) compared with the dataset without stents (Internal-2; 0.043 [17/396], p = 0.008). All false-positive identifications were attributed to dense coronary calcifications, with no false positives identified in extracoronary locations. The automated Stent_filter accurately distinguished coronary stents from preexisting coronary calcifications. This approach holds potential as a filter within a fully automated CAC scoring workflow, streamlining the process efficiently.
Floral traits and density are drivers of heterospecific pollen deposition in a biodiverse tropical highland community
Authors: Streher Nathália Susin , Bergamo Pedro , Ashman Tia-Lynn , Wolowski Marina , Sazima Marlies 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Pollinator sharing among plants within a community can have a variety of consequences. Pollinator movement among different plant species, in particular, can result in heterospecific pollen (HP) transfer to stigmas, a process that is hypothesized to be phenotype (at the species and community levels) and flower density mediated. In a tropical highland community, we investigated which species-specific (floral tube length, flower size, stigma height, stigma exposure, pollination system, floral abundance) and community-related reproductive traits (distinctiveness of stigma to anther height, of floral color, and flowering synchrony) mediate species HP receipt (mean intensity and proportion). We also tested whether HP received by individuals is affected by floral density and if so, at what scale. Species with stigmas more exposed and with functionally specialized pollination received more HP, and species flowering more synchronously to the community received greater proportions of HP. At the individual level, HP proportion depended on the interaction between conspecific and heterospecific flower densities, with outcomes varying by scale. At the local scale (within 2m²), low to medium conspecific flower abundance increased the proportion of HP receipt with the increase of heterospecific floral density, while high conspecific and heterospecific floral densities reduced HP. Conversely, at the landscape scale (across 202m²), high conspecific and heterospecific floral densities enhanced the proportion of HP, while low to medium densities had no effect. Our results demonstrate that HP is widespread in the community, driven by species-specific and community-related traits, as well as by flower density, which is scale-dependent.
Carbapenem resistance among uropathogens isolated from Refugees at Nakivale settlement Isingiro district-a cross sectional study
Authors: Kabera Michael , Cherop Calvin , Galimaka Wilson , Okongo Benson , Kassaza Kennedy , Bagenda Charles , Ampaire Lucas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Carbapenem resistant Uropathogens are an ongoing public-health problem globally. This is mediated by transferable Carbapenemase-encoding genes spreading rapidly causing serious outbreaks and dramatically limiting treatment options. Knowledge about the prevalence and factors associated with carbapenem resistant Uropathogens and common carbapenem resistance genes among refugees in Nakivale is limited.
Methods.
We recruited 308 consenting participants in Nakivale refugee settlement in south western Uganda. Quantitative conventional culture on Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte Deficiency (CLED) agar and conventional biochemical tests were used for isolation. The Modified Hodges test was used for phenotypic screening of Carbapenem resistant producing isolates and interpretation made using the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines, 2022. DNA was extracted by boiling method and Carbapenemase genes assayed by Gel Electrophoresis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression using STATA version14.0 was done to identify the factors associated with Carbapenem resistance producers. Ethical clearance was obtained from MUST-Institutional Review board.
Results.
The overall significant single bacterial growth was 28.8% (89/308). The Phenotypic and genotypic prevalence of Carbapenem resistance was 61.8% (55/89) and 22.5% (20/89) respectively. The commonest isolate was Escherichia coli, 35.5% (32/89) while the most frequent carbapenemase resistant gene was KPC,15% (13/89). Factors associated with Carbapenem resistance were; history of self-medication (OR = 5.09, 95% CI: 1.04–24.77, p < 0.044), antibiotic use before laboratory diagnosis (OR = 6.07, 95% CI: 1.77–20.81, p = 0.004), Having spent more than 5 months on antibiotics (OR = 8.52, 95% CI: 1.47–49.36, p = 0.017).
Conclusion
. The prevalence of Carbapenem resistance among Uropathogens isolated from refugees at Nakivale settlement was high. Accurate antimicrobial stewardship program implementation in refugee settlements are urgently needed. Screening and identification of Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacterial careers among refugees at entry point could be helpful in mitigating spread in refugee settlement.
Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Involvement in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Patients
Authors: sefer asena , Erguven Muferet 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a common, chronic and inflammatory rheumatological disease of childhood. The disease can affect all synovial joints in the body. Temporomandibular joints (TMJs) are important areas of involvement in JIA, which are frequently involved but often not noticed because the involvement is usually asymptomatic. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency and risk factors of TMJ joint involvement in juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients admitted to our clinic, and to guide for early diagnosis and treatment.
Methods: Patients who applied to this study with the diagnosis of JIA between January 2014 and May 2017 at Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic, were followed up regularly in our clinic, had a accessible medical history, and a rheumatology polyclinic record. Patients with contrast-enhanced TMJ Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) taken and reported by the radiologist were included.
Results: TMJ involvement was detected in 51.2% of the 41 patients included in the study. It was found that 71.5% of the patients with TMJ involvement were asymptomatic and 71.5% of the patients had chronic involvement. When the patients with and without TMJ involvement were compared according to the contrast-enhanced TMJ MRI results; In the patient group with involvement, the polyarticular onset subtype was seen at a higher rate (p=0.005), the age of onset was earlier (p=0.003), the disease duration was longer (p=0.037), more joints were involved (p=0.005), the ESR values ​​were higher (p=0.0001), and the treatment compliance and treatment responses of the patients in this group were worse (p=0.001, p=0.0001).
Conclusion: TMJ involvement is common in JIA patients. TMJs can be involved at any stage of the disease, the involvement is usually asymptomatic and progresses insidiously, causing chronic, degenerative changes in the mandibule in early period. Because TMJ involvement is asymptomatic, shows insidious progression, can lead to chronic irreversible sequelae, and precise risk factors cannot be determined, all JIA patients should be screened with contrast enhanced TMJ MRI at regular intervals, which is the gold standard method.
Parallel mediation analysis on social support and appropriate medication self-efficacy in cancer-related fatigue and oral chemotherapy adherence
Authors: Bao Kaixuan , Bao Kaiyu , Deng Zhongyan , Du Peng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose The study explores the parallel mediating effect of social support and suitable medication self-efficacy between cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and oral chemotherapy adherence in glioma patients to improve efficacy.
Patients and methods 464 glioma patients were recruited through convenient sampling from a Three-A hospital in Urumqi, Xinjiang, and Three-A hospitals in Chengdu, Sichuan, between December 2023 and June 2024. The general information questionnaire and Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) were chosen to investigate the general information and degree of fatigue in such patients. The Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), Self-Efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale (SEAMS), and 8-Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) helped evaluate the social support degree, appropriate medication self-efficacy, and medication adherence.
Results The scores of SSRS, SEAMS, BFI, and MMAS-8 were 38.3±7.29, 27.83±6.66, 4.57±1.48, and 4.53±1.92, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that oral chemotherapy adherence is negatively associated with CRF (P<0.01) but positively correlates with appropriate medication self-efficacy and social support. Three statistical methods, causal stepwise analysis, Bootstrap, and Mplus, confirmed that SSRS and SEAMS exert complete mediating effects. This accounted for 59.09% and 50.84% of the total effects, respectively. The indirect SEAMS effect pathway is affected by the masking effect.
Conclusion:CRF can directly suppress the oral chemotherapy adherence of glioma patients, influenced by social support and suitable medication self-efficacy.
Micro-Scale Mapping of Soil Organic Carbon: The Potential of Soft X-Ray Spectromicroscopy
Authors: Dor Maoz , Regier Tom , Arthur Zachary , Guber Andrey , Kravchenko Alexandra 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a crucial role in soil fertility, productivity, and global carbon cycling. However, the mechanisms governing SOC persistence and turnover are not fully understood, hindering effective carbon management strategies. Especially limiting are challenges to visualize and characterize spatial distribution patterns of SOC within the intact soil. This study presents a novel approach to map carbon content and composition in intact environmental samples using synchrotron X-ray spectromicroscopy at a 4-100 µm resolution. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) maps provided an overview of the total carbon distribution, enabling the identification of carbon-rich regions of interest. Near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectromicroscopy was then employed to obtain spatially resolved carbon speciation data within these regions. This method enabled the analysis of relatively large intact samples (16,000 µm Ø and 15,000 µm height), preserving a variety of root and organic matter fragments as well as pores ranging in size from 35 to 850 mm. Spectral fitting using reference standards revealed distinct spatial patterns of aromatic, aliphatic, and carboxylic carbon compounds associated with different structural features. Aromatic carbon was enriched around root fragments and the soil matrix, while carboxylic compounds were concentrated at pore-matrix interfaces, suggesting a correlation between soil pore structure and carbon chemical composition. The proposed novel approach provides opportunities for future unprecedented insights into the interplay between pore architecture and organic molecular diversity, the two key factors governing mechanisms of SOC protection and persistence in the soil.