bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strain fingerprinting of exciton valley character in 2D semiconductors
Authors: Kumar Abhijeet M. , Yagodkin Denis , Rosati Roberto , Bock Douglas J. , Schattauer Christoph , Tobisch Sarah , Hagel Joakim , Höfer Bianca , Kirchhof Jan N. , Hernández López Pablo , Burfeindt Kenneth , Heeg Sebastian , Gahl Cornelius , Libisch Florian , Malic Ermin , Bolotin Kirill I. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntervalley excitons with electron and hole wavefunctions residing in different valleys determine the long-range transport and dynamics observed in many semiconductors. However, these excitons with vanishing oscillator strength do not directly couple to light and, hence, remain largely unstudied. Here, we develop a simple nanomechanical technique to control the energy hierarchy of valleys via their contrasting response to mechanical strain. We use our technique to discover previously inaccessible intervalley excitons associated with K, Γ, or Q valleys in prototypical 2D semiconductors WSe2 and WS2. We also demonstrate a new brightening mechanism, rendering an otherwise “dark” intervalley exciton visible via strain-controlled hybridization with an intravalley exciton. Moreover, we classify various localized excitons from their distinct strain response and achieve large tuning of their energy. Overall, our valley engineering approach establishes a new way to identify intervalley excitons and control their interactions in a diverse class of 2D systems.
Genomic insights on carotenoid synthesis by extremely halophilic archaea Haloarcula rubripromontorii BS2, Haloferax lucentense BBK2 and Halogeometricum borinquense E3 isolated from the solar salterns of India
Authors: Nagar Devika. N. , Mani Kabilan , Braganca Judith M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHaloarchaeal cultures were isolated from solar salterns of Goa and Tamil Nadu and designated as BS2, BBK2 and E3. These isolates grew with a characteristic bright orange to pink pigmentation and were capable of growing in media containing upto 25% (w/vol) NaCl. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of the three haloarchaeal strains BS2, BBK2 and E3 indicated an assembled genomic size of 4.1 Mb, 3.8 Mb and 4 Mb with G + C content of 61.8, 65.6 and 59.8% respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the archaeal isolates belong to Haloarcula, Haloferax and Halogeometricum genera. Haloarcula rubripromontorii BS2 was predicted to have 4292 genes with 4242 CDS regions, 46 tRNAs, 6 rRNAs and 3 misc_RNAs. In case of Haloferaxlucentense BBK2, 3840 genes with 3780 CDS regions were detected along with 52 tRNAs, 5 rRNAs and 3 misc_RNAs. Halogeometricumborinquense E3 contained 4101 genes, 4043 CDS regions, 52 tRNAs, 4 rRNAs, and 2 misc_RNAs. The functional annotation and curation of the haloarchaeal genome, revealed C50 carotenoid biosynthetic genes like phytoene desaturase/carotenoid 3′ -4′ desaturase (crtI), lycopene elongase (ubiA/lyeJ) and carotenoid biosynthesis membrane protein (cruF) in the three isolates. Whereas crtD (C-3′,4′ desaturase), crtY (lycopene cyclase) and brp/blh (β-carotene dioxygenase) genes were identified only in BS2.
UAMC-3203 inhibits ferroptosis and promotes functional recovery in rats with spinal cord injury
Authors: Kan Shunli , Feng Sa , Zhao Xinyan , Chen Ziyu , Zhou Mengmeng , Liu Linyan , Zhu Haoqiang , Cheng Yuelin , Fu Xuanhao , Hu Wei , Zhu Rusen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) results in irreversible neurological impairment. After SCI, Ferritinophagy-induced free iron released from ferritin can lead to extensive lipid peroxidation and aggravate neurological damage. NRF2/HO-1 pathway is to endow cells with a protective effect against oxidative stress, and it plays an important role in the transcriptional activation of a series of antioxidant and detoxification genes. UAMC-3203 is a ferrostatin-1(Fer-1) analogue with better solubility and stability, which can more effectively inhibit ferroptosis after SCI. A rat SCI model was constructed, and the recovery of motor function was observed after treatment with UAMC-3203. ELISA was employed to assess the impact of UAMC-3203 on inflammation-related factors, while immunofluorescence was utilized to investigate the influence of UAMC-3203 on neuronal count as well as the activation of astrocytes and microglia/macrophages. Malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected to reflect the level of oxidation products. Western blot analysis was used to measure the level of ferroptosis markers and the expression of NRF2/HO-1. Our findings demonstrate that UAMC-3203 inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides, preventing ferroptosis and reducing neuronal degeneration. Additionally, UAMC-3203 suppresses astrocyte proliferation and microglia/macrophage activation, as well as the release of ferroptosis-related inflammatory factors. These combined effects contribute to the preservation of spinal cord tissue and the facilitation of motor function recovery. UAMC-3203 maybe inhibit ferroptosis after SCI to promote functional recovery.
A Pan Plasmodium lateral flow recombinase polymerase amplification assay for monitoring malaria parasites in vectors and human populations
Authors: Higgins Matthew , Kristan Mojca , Collins Emma L. , Messenger Louisa A. , Dombrowski Jamille G. , Vanheer Leen N. , Nolder Debbie , Drakeley Christopher J. , Stone William , Mahamar Almahamoudou , Bousema Teun , Delves Michael , Bandibabone Janvier , N’Do Sévérin , Bantuzeko Chimanuka , Zawadi Bertin , Walker Thomas , Sutherland Colin J. , Marinho Claudio R. F. , Cameron Mary M. , Clark Taane G. , Campino Susana 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRobust diagnostic tools and surveillance are crucial for malaria control and elimination efforts. Malaria caused by neglected Plasmodium parasites is often underestimated due to the lack of rapid diagnostic tools that can accurately detect these species. While nucleic-acid amplification technologies stand out as the most sensitive methods for detecting and confirming Plasmodium species, their implementation in resource-constrained settings poses significant challenges. Here, we present a Pan Plasmodium recombinase polymerase amplification lateral flow (RPA–LF) assay, capable of detecting all six human infecting Plasmodium species in low resource settings. The Pan Plasmodium RPA-LF assay successfully detected low density clinical infections with a preliminary limit of detection between 10–100 fg/µl for P. falciparum. When combined with crude nucleic acid extraction, the assay can serve as a point-of-need tool for molecular xenomonitoring. This utility was demonstrated by screening laboratory-reared Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes fed with Plasmodium-infected blood, as well as field samples of An. funestus s.l. and An. gambiae s.l. collected from central Africa. Overall, our proof-of-concept Pan Plasmodium diagnostic tool has the potential to be applied for clinical and xenomonitoring field surveillance, and after further evaluation, could become an essential tool to assist malaria control and elimination.
Geospatial data for peer-to-peer communication among autonomous vehicles using optimized machine learning algorithm
Authors: Aruna T. M. , Kumar Piyush , Naresh E. , Divyaraj G. N. , Asha K. , Thirumalraj Arunadevi , Srinidhi N. N. , Yadav Arunkumar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe transportation infrastructure of the future will be based on autonomous vehicles. When it comes to transportation, both emerging and established nations are keen on perfecting systems based on autonomous vehicles. Transportation authorities in the United States report that driver error accounts for over 60% of all accidents each year. Almost everywhere in the world is the same. Since the idea of self-driving cars involves a fusion of hardware and software. Despite the rapid expansion of the software business and the widespread adoption of cutting-edge technologies like AI, ML, Data Science, Big Data, etc. However, the identification of natural disasters and the exchange of data between vehicles present the greatest hurdle to the development of autonomous vehicles. The suggested study primarily focused on data cleansing from the cars, allowing for seamless interaction amongst autonomous vehicles. This study's overarching goal is to look at creating a novel kind of Support Vector Machine kernel specifically for P2P networks. To meet the kernel constraints of Mercer's theorem, a newly proposed W-SVM (Weighted-SVM) kernel was produced by using an appropriately converted weight vector derived through hybrid optimization. Given the advantages of both the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) and the Elephant Herding Optimisation (EHO), combining them for hybridization would be fantastic. Combining the GWO algorithm with the EHO algorithm increases its convergence speed, as well as its exploitation and exploration performances. Therefore, a new hybrid optimization approach is proposed in this study for selecting weights in SVM optimally. When compared to other machine learning methods, the suggested model is shown to be superior in its ability to handle such issues and to produce optimal solutions.
Perceptions of biodiversity loss among future decision-makers in 37 countries
Authors: Kleespies Matthias Winfried , Hahn-Klimroth Max , Dierkes Paul Wilhelm 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe decline of global biodiversity is a major environmental issue with far-reaching consequences for humans and the Earth System. When it comes to biodiversity conservation, university students play an important role because, as future decision makers, they will have an important influence on how society deals with biodiversity loss. Until now, there has been no international research examining how these future decision-makers in society perceive the causes of biodiversity loss. Using a recent method customized for this data, we show here that there are eight distinct response types across the 37 countries studied that differ in their perceptions of the drivers of biodiversity loss. In one of these response types, climate change was underestimated, while in others pollution or invasive species were rated substantially lower compared to the other main drivers. The distribution of the eight response types varied between the countries. Our results demonstrate how future decision-makers around the world evaluate the drivers of biodiversity loss. Country-specific conditions and differences between the surveyed countries were revealed. The findings serve as a starting point for decision-makers around the world to tailor education programs and policy measurements to the circumstances in their countries.
Quantum topological photonics with special focus on waveguide systems
Authors: Gao Jun , Xu Ze-Sheng , Yang Zhaoju , Zwiller Val , Elshaari Ali W. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the burgeoning field of quantum topological photonics, waveguide systems play a crucial role. This perspective delves into the intricate interplay between photonic waveguides and topological phenomena, underscoring the theoretical underpinnings of topological insulators and their photonic manifestations. We highlight key milestones and breakthroughs in topological photonics using waveguide systems, alongside an in-depth analysis of their fabrication techniques and tunability. The discussion includes the technological advancements and challenges, limitations of current methods, and potential strategies for improvement. This perspective also examines the quantum states of light in topological waveguides, where the confluence of topology and quantum optics promises robust avenues for quantum communication and computing. Concluding with a forward-looking view, we aim to inspire new research and innovation in quantum topological photonics, highlighting its potential for the next generation of photonic technologies.
Integration of clotting and fibrinolysis: central role of platelets and factor XIIIa
Authors: Patalakh Irina , Revka Olga , Gołaszewska Agata , Bielicka Natalia , Misztal Tomasz 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the present study was to establish the role of platelets and activated factor XIIIa (FXIIIa) in the structuring of the fibrin network as well as to clarify the effect of network compaction on clot lysis.
Methods: Turbidimetry was used for the one-stage clotting test where platelet-free plasma (PFP) is regarded as single factor-deficient plasma (platelets as lacking factor) and autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as deficiency corrected plasma. Structural features of the developed and subsequently lysed fibrin network, formed under static and flow conditions, were visualized by confocal microscopy. Results: Thrombin-initiated plasma clotting revealed changes in the shape of the absorption curve, more pronounced in the presence of platelets. These changes correlate with the transformation of the fibrin scaffold during clot maturing. With the combined action of platelets, thrombin and Ca2+, plasma clotting passes through two phases: initial formation of a platelet-fibrin network (first peak in the polymerization curve), and then the compaction of fibrin, driven by FXIIIa (the second peak) which can be further modulate by the contractile action of platelets. These structural changes, mediated by platelets and FXIIIa, have been shown to determine subsequent clot lysis.
Conclusions: Platelet aggregates serve as organizing centers that determine the distribution of fibrin in clot volume. The openwork structure of the platelet-transformed fibrin provides the necessary prerequisites for its timely lysis. The revealed aspects of the interaction of platelets and FXIIIa, which accompanies the maturation of a fibrin clot, may lead to new approaches in the pharmacological correction of disorders associated with both thrombotic episodes and bleeding tendency.
A D2D user pairing algorithm based on motion prediction and power control
Authors: Huang Zhifeng , Ke Feng , Song Hui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUser pairing plays an important role in device‐to‐device (D2D) relay communication, contributing significantly to maintaining low energy consumption, high throughput, and overall energy efficiency in the communication system. To achieve these purposes, an attention‐based long short‐term memory motion prediction model (AT‐LSTM) and propose a joint power control algorithm. Leveraging these techniques, we also propose a D2D user pairing algorithm, distance–power–SINR pairing algorithm (DPSPA), which comprehensively considers factors such as D2D communication distances, transmit power, and signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio. Initially, the AT‐LSTM model is utilized to predict the location of users. Subsequently, the distance between the user terminal device and each communication point and the base station, filtering cache points, and non‐cache points within the D2D communication radius are calculated. Then, based on the distance, required transmission power, and signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio of each point, the evaluation index (the best matching product) is obtained. Finally, the point with the maximum best matching product is selected for D2D direct communication mode, D2D relay communication mode, or cellular communication mode. Simulation results demonstrate that DPSPA effectively reduces system energy consumption, enhances system throughput, and improves overall energy efficiency.
The [Y/Mg] chemical clock in the Galactic disk
Authors: Shejeelammal J. , Meléndez Jorge , Rathsam Anne , Martos Giulia 
Published: August 2024

Context. Stellar ages are an important parameter in studies of the chemical evolution of the Galaxy. To better estimate these ages, various methods complementary to the conventional isochrone fitting method have been implemented in the past decade. Several recent studies have established the existence of a relationship between chemical clocks and stellar ages. The [Y/Mg] clock is a promising technique, but there are still several open questions, such as its validity for metal-poor stars and differences between the thin and thick disk populations.
Aims. Our aim is to study the relationship between the [Y/Mg] chemical clock and stellar ages for a sample of solar-type disk stars and to provide the empirical dating relation(s) for the stellar age determination from their precise chemical abundances. We also studied the effect of metallicity and populations on this chemical clock.
Methods. We derived precise stellar atmospheric parameters as well as the elemental abundances of Mg and Y through line-by-line differential spectroscopic analysis for a sample of 48 metal-poor solar-type stars based on high-quality, high-resolution ESO/HARPS spectra. From high-precision Gaia astrometric data, stellar masses and ages were estimated through isochrone fitting using Yonsei-Yale isochrones. A joint analysis of our sample, together with a sample of 185 solar twins and analogues from our previous works, was performed to calibrate the [Y/Mg] chemical clock in the Galactic disk for −0.71 < [Fe/H] < +0.34. Open clusters and stars with asteroseismic ages were used to validate our relations.
Results. Two different populations are clearly seen in the [Mg/Fe]−[Fe/H] plane: the thick and thin disks. Thick disk stars show an age-metallicity relation, whereas the thin disk shows a flatter age–metallicity distribution. We find a strong, metallicity–dependent anti-correlation between the [Y/Mg] ratio and the stellar ages of our sample. For the first time in the literature, we report similar correlations for thin and thick disk stars.
Conclusions. We find that the [Y/Mg] relation(s) found here for solar-type stars in a wide metallicity range are compatible with those found for solar twins in the literature. Our relation provides high accuracy and precision (0.45 and 0.99 Gyr, respectively) comparable with the best accuracy achieved for solar twins to date.
Integrating Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility into a Data Storytelling Model for Health Informatics Education
Authors: Gao Grace , Martin Christie L. , Jeffery Alvin D. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Health informatics education is pivotal in integrating diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility (DEIA) principles into curricula and leveraging data with equity considerations. Integrating clinically driven data with other datasets is crucial to comprehensive understanding of patient care demographics, experiences, and outcomes to create equity-minded data storytelling. Publicly available Healthy People 2030 (HP2030) resources complement academic electronic health records, supporting tailored learning activities in informatics education to enhance educational utility through a DEIA lens.
Objectives This case report describes the expansion of an existing diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) checklist to an updated DEIA checklist for preparing future informaticians to collect and critically evaluate DEIA features using this checklist in creating equity-minded data storytelling.
Methods The DEI-Oriented Data Storytelling Model and the HP2030 framework were utilized to develop the DEIA checklist. We employed an informal cognitive walkthrough to expand the DEIA checklist and evaluate the DEIA measures or characteristics within datasets from the HP2030 social determinants of health (SDOH) five topics using this checklist.
Results We reviewed 76 available SDOH-related datasets and added six measures to “demographics” and seven to “skills, abilities, and accessibility” of the DEIA checklist. Our evaluation of the DEIA checklist verified HP2030's inclusion of all measures, except “religions/beliefs.” All DEIA measures were linked to equity and accessibility, one in inclusion, and the inclusion of three characteristics comprising the category “language” and six characteristics comprising the category “images.”
Conclusion Results highlighted the accessibility and comprehensiveness of HP2030 demographic data resources, considering SDOH factors and promoting inclusive data representation to address health disparities. The DEIA checklist provides a structured tool in facilitating unbiased data collection and visualization of SDOH-related data through an equity-informed lens. Integrating an equity-minded data storytelling with frameworks like HP2030 enriches health informatics education, broadens students' understanding of health disparities, and supports evidence-based interventions for improved health outcomes.
Characterization of the Epileptogenic Phenotype and Response to Antiseizure Medications in Lissencephaly Patients
Authors: Proepper Christiane R. , Schuetz Sofia M. , Schwarz Lisa-Maria , Au Katja von , Bast Thomas , Beaud Nathalie , Borggraefe Ingo , Bosch Friedrich , Budde Joerg , Busse Melanie , Chung Jena , Debus Otfried , Diepold Katharina , Fries Thomas , Gersdorff Gero von , Haeussler Martin , Hahn Andreas , Hartlieb Till , Heiming Ralf , Herkenrath Peter , Kluger Gerhard , Kreth Jonas H. , Kurlemann Gerhard , Moeller Peter , Morris-Rosendahl Deborah J. , Panzer Axel , Philippi Heike , Ruegner Sophia , Toepfer Carolina , Vieker Silvia , Wiemer-Kruel Adelheid , Winter Anika , Schuierer Gerhard , Hehr Ute , Geis Tobias 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Patients with lissencephaly typically present with severe psychomotor retardation and drug-resistant seizures. The aim of this study was to characterize the epileptic phenotype in a genotypically and radiologically well-defined patient cohort and to evaluate the response to antiseizure medication (ASM). Therefore, we retrospectively evaluated 47 patients of five genetic forms (LIS1/PAFAH1B1, DCX, DYNC1H1, TUBA1A, TUBG1) using family questionnaires, standardized neuropediatric assessments, and patients' medical reports.
Results All but two patients were diagnosed with epilepsy. Median age at seizure onset was 6 months (range: 2.1–42.0), starting with epileptic spasms in 70%. Standard treatment protocols with hormonal therapy (ACTH or corticosteroids) and/or vigabatrin were the most effective approach for epileptic spasms, leading to seizure control in 47%. Seizures later in the disease course were most effectively treated with valproic acid and lamotrigine, followed by vigabatrin and phenobarbital, resulting in seizure freedom in 20%. Regarding psychomotor development, lissencephaly patients presenting without epileptic spasms were significantly more likely to reach various developmental milestones compared to patients with spasms.
Conclusion Classic lissencephaly is highly associated with drug-resistant epilepsy starting with epileptic spasms in most patients. The standard treatment protocols for infantile epileptic spasms syndrome lead to freedom from seizures in around half of the patients. Due to the association of epileptic spasms with an unfavorable course of psychomotor development, early and reliable diagnosis and treatment of spasms should be pursued. For epilepsies occurring later in childhood, ASM with valproic acid and lamotrigine, followed by vigabatrin and phenobarbital, appears to be most effective.