bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Resistance to Powdery Mildew in the Hop Cultivars Newport and Comet
Authors: Wolfenbarger Sierra N. , Eck Emily B. , Gent David H. 
Published: June 2014

Hop powdery mildew, caused by Podosphaera macularis, is an important disease in the Pacific Northwest. Resistant cultivars of hop have been developed and have provided field immunity to the disease until virulent strains of P. macularis emerged. Due to the increase of powdery mildew on formerly resistant cultivars, studies were conducted to characterize potential sources of host resistance. Accepted for publication 5 February 2014. Published 27 March 2014.
Development of a PCR-RFLP Based Detection Method for the Oak Pathogens Diplodia corticola and D. quercivora
Authors: Dreaden Tyler J. , Davis John M. , Smith Jason A. , Wingfield Michael J. 
Published: June 2014

The canker pathogens Diplodia corticola and D. quercivora were first reported affecting oaks in the United States in 2010 and 2014, respectively. A rapid and cost-effective method to identify isolates of both fungal species was needed to facilitate survey and detection efforts. This was achieved by developing selective primers that generate a PCR product followed by a restriction enzyme digestion with MseI to differentiate D. corticola from D. quercivora amplicons. Accepted for publication 14 February 2014. Published 29 April 2014.
Japanese guidelines for the management of pemphigus
Authors:   Committee for Guidelines for the Management of Pemphigus Disease, Amagai Masayuki , Tanikawa Akiko , Shimizu Tomoko , Hashimoto Takashi , Ikeda Shigaku , Kurosawa Michiko , Niizeki Hironori , Aoyama Yumi , Iwatsuki Keiji , Kitajima Yasuo 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe Committee for Guidelines for the Management of Pemphigus was organized as one element of the Japanese Dermatological Association (JDA) and the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare (MHLW) Research Project on Measures for Research Committee for Intractable Skin Disease. Pemphigus has been defined as a group of intractable autoimmune blistering diseases caused by anti‐desmoglein 1 and/or anti‐desmoglein 3 IgG autoantibodies by the MHLW. The diagnosis of this condition and the criteria for assessing its severity are based on suggestions from the MHLW Research Group. The clinical practice guidelines presented here are those that are currently recommended in Japan. However, symptoms and complications can vary widely among individual pemphigus patients, so not all therapies will be required to be in complete agreement with these guidelines.
Study of the usefulness of patch testing and use test to predict the safety of commercial topical drugs
Authors: Horita Kotomi , Tanoue Chiaki , Yasoshima Mitsue , Ohtani Takao , Matsunaga Kayoko 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPatch testing (PT) can be used to identify allergens and irritants responsible for contact allergic and irritant dermatitis, respectively. However, the reproducibility of PT and correlation between PT and use test has not been fully evaluated. The aim of the present study was to examine the reproducibility of PT and its usefulness in assessing the safety of topical drugs. A total of 55 topical drugs were applied to the backs of two groups of subjects for either 24 or 48 h, and skin irritant reactions were graded at 2 and 24 h after patch removal. For the repeat open application test, six topical drugs with different irritation scores were applied to the arms of two groups of subjects twice daily for 3 weeks, and local symptoms were recorded. The mean irritation scores were similar between the two PT groups. The percentage of subjects positive for symptoms provoked by the use tests was similar between the two groups. The mean irritation scores 24 h after patch removal correlated with the skin symptoms provoked by the use test. PT was reproducible and the results correlated with the use test results. PT is a useful method for evaluating the safety of commercial topical drugs.
Identification of the cause of severe skin infection by Fournier transform infrared spectroscopy: A case of Fournier's gangrene caused by fish bone
Authors: Shimizu Takae , Harada Kazutoshi , Akazawa Satoshi , Yamaguchi Miyuki , Inozume Takashi , Kawamura Tatsuyoshi , Shibagaki Naotaka , Momosawa Akira , Shimada Shinji 
Published: June 2014

AbstractFournier's gangrene (FG) is an infrequent but highly lethal infection. Here we report a 74‐year‐old man who presented with genital swelling and severe malaise. Based on the physical and imaging examination results, the diagnosis of FG was confirmed. Intraoperative findings showed dirty necrosis of soft tissue, and a splinter‐shaped foreign body was found in the perirectal region. The foreign body was thought to be the cause of the condition, and it was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. We found that the foreign body was a mixture of calcium phosphate and protein, suggesting that the splinter was a bone. Moreover, during the medical interview, the patient mentioned about intake of fish around the time of onset of symptoms. Therefore, to confirm the results of the analysis, DNA was extracted from the foreign body, and genomic PCR with subsequent sequence analysis was performed. The DNA sequence was identical to that of Oncorhynchus kisutch, a salmon that is a very popular food in Japan. On the basis of these findings, we concluded that FG in this case was caused by the penetration into the rectum of an accidentally ingested fish bone. Although some cases of intra‐abdominal abscess due to accidental ingestion of fish bone have been reported, FG caused by fish bone is extremely rare.
Evaluation of Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis in Chinese patients with chronic back pain: results of a 2‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Lin Zhiming , Liao Zetao , Huang Jianlin , Jin Ou , Li Qiuxia , Li Tianwang , Hu Zaiying , Xu Manlong , Pan Yunfeng , Zhang Yanli , Yang Mingcan , Gu Jieruo 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnotic value of the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society (ASAS) classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) in Chinese patients with chronic back pain and without radiographic sacroiliitis in a 2‐year follow‐up study.MethodsPatients with chronic back pain ≥ 3 months, onset age ≤ 45 years and without radiographic sacroiliitis were enrolled, and then received 2‐year follow‐up. All the clinical parameters associated with SpA were recorded. The patients were followed for 2 years and the final diagnosis of axial SpA or non‐SpA was confirmed by rheumatologists. Diagnostic concordance between the initial classification according to three classification criteria (ASAS criteria for axial SpA, European Spondylarthropathy Study Group (ESSG) criteria and Amor criteria) and final diagnosis was compared. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were compared between the two subsets of ASAS criteria (set 1: sacroiliitis plus more than one SpA feature; set 2: HLA‐B27 plus two more SpA features).ResultOne thousand and sixty‐eight patients entered the study and 867 completed the 2‐year follow‐up (455 axial SpA and 412 non‐SpA). The concordance of ASAS criteria was better than ESSG and Amor criteria. Three hundred and thirty‐three patients and 335 patients were classified as axial SpA according to the ASAS set 1 and set 2 of criteria, respectively. Further, set 1 of criteria (318/333) showed higher specificity than set 2 critera (279/335) (P = 0.000).ConclusionThe ASAS classification criteria for axial SpA showed good concordance in diagnosing Chinese axial SpA patients in this prospective study. Set 1 criteria involving sacroiliitis plus more than one SpA feature had better diagnosing value.
Poor response to gefitinib in lung adenocarcinoma with concomitant epidermal growth factor receptor mutation and anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangement
Authors: Zhou Jianya , Zheng Jing , Zhao Jing , Sheng Yihong , Ding Wei , Zhou Jianying 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA patient presenting with concomitant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) translocation is rare. We report a non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient with concomitant ALK rearrangement and exon 19 (E746‐A750del) EGFR mutation. The ALK rearrangement was confirmed not only in the primary tumor biopsy specimen, but also in the pleural effusion cell block by reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), Ventana ALK immunohistochemistry assay, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. No clinical benefit using chemotherapy or EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib was obtained in this case.
Psychological outcomes in critically ill patients receiving renal replacement therapy: a matched‐pairs analysis
Authors: Paddle J. J. , Sharpe K. A. , Boyd N. , Burt K. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryWe conducted a single‐centre observational study over five years to assess the impact of renal replacement therapy on the psychological health of survivors of critical illness. We hypothesised that the added burden of renal replacement would increase the prevalence and severity of anxiety, depression and stress reactions in these patients, compared with matched pairs (matched for age, sex and APACHE II score) who did not receive renal replacement. Participants completed postal questionnaires. A total of 342 patients with acute kidney injury received renal replacement. One hundred and seventy‐nine (52.3%) survived to hospital discharge, and 161 (47.1%) were alive at 90 days. Seventy‐seven (47.8% of survivors) completed questionnaires. We found 77 matches for the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale analysis and 72 for the Impact of Events Scale analysis. Clinically relevant symptoms of psychiatric morbidity were common, with anxiety and depression affecting 49 (63.6%) patients and stress reactions affecting 24 (33.3%) patients. Mean scores (95% CI) were 11.4 (9.6–13.2) and 20.1 (15.7–24.6), respectively. On multivariate analysis, we found no significant differences between renal replacement patients and controls, in either the frequency or severity of these symptoms.
Labor and Precariousness inChina's Porcelain Capital
Authors: Gillette Maris Boyd 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn recent years, scholars have turned toBourdieu's model of precariousness to understand workers' experiences under neoliberal capitalism. HereIlook atBourdieu's ideas in relation toChina's most famous porcelain production site: the city ofJingdezhen.Bourdieu directs us toward the shared structural features of job insecurity, emphasizing the political consequences of workers' alienation. Yet his universalist model cannot adequately explain how or why workers respond to precarious labor regimes as they do. InJingdezhen, porcelain workers lost their state and collective sector jobs when the government mandated privatization and marketization. How they understood and responded to this experience was shaped byJingdezhen's particular history, including the ways that decades of government policies had promoted reliance on personal networks, had made labor activism the exclusive purview of the state, and had given manyChinese a negative view of mass mobilization.
I Found Work! Forty Years of Research on Work in Rural Mexico
Authors: Rothstein Frances A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn 1974 when I went to San Cosme Mazatecochco to do my dissertation research, I did not expect to study work, especially not the factory work of men in a rural Mexican community. Over the years, however, I have found that what I thought I would study is not what is important to the people of Mazatecochco. However, work has been the lens that has consistently led me to new and significant studies including globalization, migration and, most recently, even play.
Fair Innings
Authors: Bognar Greg 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn many societies, the aging of the population is becoming a major problem. This raises difficult issues for ethics and public policy. On what is known as the fair innings view, it is not impermissible to give lower priority to policies that primarily benefit the elderly. Philosophers have tried to justify this view on various grounds. In this article, I look at a consequentialist, a fairness‐based, and a contractarian justification. I argue that all of them have implausible implications and fail to correspond to our moral intuitions. I end by outlining a different kind of consequentialist justification that avoids those implications and corresponds better to our considered moral judgments.
A randomized controlled trial of burping for the prevention of colic and regurgitation in healthy infants
Authors: Kaur R. , Bharti B. , Saini S. K. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundEfficacy of burping in lowering colic and regurgitation episodes in healthy term babies lacks evidence in literature.MethodsWe conducted a randomized controlled trial to compare efficacy of burping versus no‐burping in 71 mother–baby dyads in community setting. Primary outcome was reduction in event rates of colic and regurgitation episodes over 3 months.ResultsBaseline characteristics were similar in two groups. Difference in incidence rates of colic between the control and burping group was 1.57 episodes/infant/100 weeks [95% confidence interval (CI): −0.63 to 3.76]. There was statistically no significant reduction in colic episodes between burping and non‐burping study subjects during 3 months of follow‐up (adjusted relative risk 0.64; 95% CI: 0.22–1.86, P‐value 0.41). Incidence rate difference of regurgitation episodes/infant/week between burping and control group was 4.36 (95% CI: 4.04 to 4.69) and there was statistically significant increase in burping group (adjusted relative risk 2.05; 95% CI: 1.92–2.18, P‐value < 0.0001).ConclusionsAlthough burping is a rite of passage, our study showed that burping did not significantly lower colic events and there was significant increase in regurgitation episodes in healthy term infants up to 3 months of follow‐up.
Derivation of the freshwater fish fauna of Central America revisited: Myers's hypothesis in the twenty‐first century
Authors: Matamoros Wilfredo A. , McMahan Caleb D. , Chakrabarty Prosanta , Albert James S. , Schaefer Jacob F. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAlthough attempts to understand Central American freshwater fish provincialism date to the 1960s, early efforts lacked the wealth of distributional data now available. Biogeographic work on Central American freshwater fishes has been largely descriptive and regional, and lacked a broader synthesis. Here we use parsimony analysis of endemicity (PAE) to elucidate faunistic relationships between major drainages and to delineate areas of endemism. We then perform a Brooks parsimony analysis (BPA) on the resulting areas. The PAE recovered a primary division between four Pacific and six Atlantic slope areas of endemism. In contrast, the BPA recovered two Central American geographic clades, one sharing a history with North America and the other with South America. Fish diversity is uneven across Central America, with greater diversity in areas adjacent to the more species‐rich regions of North and South America. In northern and nuclear Central America, the paucity of ostariophysan freshwater fishes such as catfishes and characins (groups that dominate adjacent regions) contrasts with high species richness of poeciliids and cichlids. Results of this study are consistent with Myer's hypothesis that poeciliids and cichlids dispersed to Northern or Nuclear Middle America early in the Cenozoic, long before the Plio‐Pleistocene rise of the Isthmus of Panama.
Seeking Hospitable Discourse on the Sacrament of Baptism
Authors: Stjerna Kirsi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractNot salvation but spirituality gives a hospitable rationale for the practice of baptism. On the basis of Luther's theology of grace and justification (Large Catechism) and the purpose of sacraments as stated in the Lutheran confessional texts (Augsburg Confession), Lutheran sacramental theology today can re‐adjust its language about the “necessity” of baptism and consider its hospitable interpretation and practice.
Serum bilirubin concentrations are positively associated with serum C‐peptide levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes
Authors: Chung J. O. , Cho D. H. , Chung D. J. , Chung M. Y. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimsTo investigate the relationship between physiological serum total bilirubin concentrations and serum C‐peptide levels in Korean patients with Type 2 diabetes.MethodsA total of 588 patients with Type 2 diabetes were investigated in this cross‐sectional study. Fasting C‐peptide level, 2‐h postprandial C‐peptide level and ΔC‐peptide (postprandial C‐peptide minus fasting C‐peptide) level were measured in all patients.ResultsFasting C‐peptide level, postprandial C‐peptide level and ΔC‐peptide level tended to be higher in patients with higher bilirubin concentrations. Partial correlation analysis showed that serum bilirubin levels were significantly correlated with fasting C‐peptide level (r = 0.159, P < 0.001), postprandial C‐peptide level (r = 0.209, P < 0.001) and ΔC‐peptide level (r = 0.186, P < 0.001) after adjustment for other covariates. In the multivariate model, the association between serum bilirubin concentrations and serum C‐peptide levels remained significant after adjustment for confounding factors including age, gender, familial diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, BMI, HbA1c, duration of diabetes and associated liver function tests (fasting C‐peptide level: β = 0.083, P = 0.041; postprandial C‐peptide level: β = 0.106, P = 0.005; ΔC‐peptide level: β = 0.096, P = 0.015, respectively).ConclusionsSerum bilirubin concentrations within the physiological range were positively associated with serum C‐peptide levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes.
Hypertriglyceridaemic waist phenotype as a simple predictive marker of incident diabetes in Asian‐Indian men with prediabetes
Authors: Ram J. , Snehalatha C. , Nanditha A. , Selvam S. , Shetty S. A. , Godsland I. F. , Johnston D. G. , Ramachandran A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimTo determine prospectively the association of baseline hypertriglyceridaemic waist phenotype with incident diabetes in Asian‐Indian men with impaired glucose tolerance.MethodsIn a randomized 2‐year diabetes prevention trial in 517 men with impaired glucose tolerance, 123 (23.8%) developed diabetes. Baseline anthropometric, metabolic and clinical variables were estimated. Associations of hypertriglyceridaemic waist phenotype (waist circumference ≥ 90cm and a serum triglyceride level of ≥ 1.7 mmol/l) with insulin resistance and incident diabetes were assessed using multiple linear regression and Cox's proportional hazard models, respectively.ResultsMen with an isolated enlarged waistline and hypertriglyceridaemic waist phenotype had significantly higher BMI and percentage of total body fat compared with the group with normal waistline and triglyceride levels and the group with isolated hypertriglyceridaemia. The men with hypertriglyceridaemic waist phenotype had higher insulin resistance (mean ± sd homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance value: 3.6 ± 1.5) compared with those in the isolated enlarged waistline, the isolated hypertriglyceridaemia or the normal waistline and triglyceride level groups (3.1 ± 1.4, 2.7 ± 1.0 and 2.5 ± 1.1, respectively, all P < 0.05 compared with hypertriglyceridaemic waist phenotype). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that hypertriglyceridaemic waist phenotype was significantly associated with insulin resistance after adjusting for age, BMI, family history, percentage of total body fat, smoking, alcohol intake, 2‐h plasma glucose and HDL cholesterol level. Hypertriglyceridaemic waist phenotype was independently associated with incident diabetes after adjusting for the above confounders and gamma‐glutamyl transferase (hazard ratio 1.49, 95% CI 1.01–2.21; P = 0.047). The association of hypertriglyceridaemic waist phenotype with incident diabetes was abolished when insulin resistance was introduced into the model (hazard ratio 1.39, 95% CI 0.092–2.10; P=0.12).ConclusionsHypertriglyceridaemic waist phenotype is a simple clinical proxy measurement for insulin resistance and is strongly associated with incident diabetes in Asian‐Indian men with impaired glucose tolerance.
Interpretation of HbA1c : association with mean cell volume and haemoglobin concentration
Authors: Simmons D. , Hlaing T. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimThe utility of HbA1c in diabetes diagnosis is reduced in settings associated with altered haemoglobin glycation. We have studied whether HbA1c varies with mean cell volume and mean cell haemoglobin concentration as measures of haemoglobin metabolism.MethodsRandomly selected adults from rural Victoria, Australia, were invited for biomedical assessment. After excluding patients with known diabetes and/or serum creatinine ≥ 0.12 mmol/l, 1315 adults were included. Demography, arthropometric measurements, oral glucose tolerance test, analyses of full blood count and HbA1c were undertaken.ResultsAfter adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, BMI, town and socio‐economic status, there were no significant differences in haemoglobin, mean cell volume or mean cell haemoglobin concentration by glycaemic status (defined by oral glucose tolerance test). HbA1c was significantly and independently associated with fasting glucose, town, mean cell haemoglobin concentration, ethnicity, age and BMI among men < 50 years (R2 = 33.8%); fasting glucose, 2‐h glucose, mean cell haemoglobin concentration and town among men ≥ 50 years (R2 = 47.9%); fasting glucose, mean cell volume, mean cell haemoglobin concentration, town, 2‐h glucose and age among women < 50 years (R2 = 46.3%); fasting glucose, mean cell haemoglobin concentration, mean cell volume and 2‐h glucose among women ≥ 50 years (R2 = 51.6%). A generalized linear model showed a gradient from an adjusted mean HbA1c of 36 (95% CI 34–38) mmol/mol with a mean cell haemoglobin concentration of ≤ 320 g/l to 30 (95% CI 29–31) mmol/mol with a mean cell haemoglobin concentration of > 370 g/l. The gradient across mean cell volume was negative, but only by 1 mmol/mol (0.1%) HbA1c.ConclusionA mean HbA1c difference of 5 mmol/mol (0.5%) across the mean cell haemoglobin concentration reference range suggests that an accompanying full blood count examination may be required for its use in the diagnosis of diabetes. Further studies are required to confirm this.
Subjective memory complaints, depressive symptoms and cognition in Parkinson's disease patients
Authors: Lehrner J. , Moser D. , Klug S. , Gleiß A. , Auff E. , Pirker W. , Pusswald G. 
Published: June 2014

Background and purposeThe goal of this study was to establish the prevalence of subjective memory complaints (SMCs) and depressive symptoms (DS)s and their relation to cognitive functioning in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodsIn all, 248 controls and 104 PD patients were included in the study. The PD group was subdivided into three PD subtypes with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) according to the Petersen criteria and three PD subtypes with MCI according to the Litvan criteria.ResultsSubstantial SMCs were reported by 7.7% of controls and 16.3% of the PD patients (P < 0.001). A clinically relevant degree of DSs was evident in 16.6% of controls compared with 40.4% in the PD group (P < 0.001). An analysis of variance revealed a statistically significant difference for SMCs across all Petersen groups as well across all Litvan groups. Two‐factor analyses of variance with the factors cognitive status (MCI subtype) and depressive state (depressed versus not depressed) and SMCs as dependent variable revealed significant results.ConclusionsApproximately 15% of PD patients seeking help in a movement disorder clinic report significant SMCs, with an increasing degree from cognitively healthy PD to PD‐MCI. Significant DSs increase SMCs across all cognitive status groups.