bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecofriendly Approach to Making Graphene–Tin/Tin Oxide Nanocomposite Electrodes for Energy Storage
Authors: Tripathi Alok M. , Mitra Sagar 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA sustainable, nontoxic, and ecofriendly lithium‐ion battery is the ultimate dream in the field of energy storage. First, the ecofriendly production of large quantities of electrode material is a great challenge. Herein, a green process for making tin‐/tin oxide‐based alloy electrodes by means of a simple solvent [N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF)]‐assisted self‐reduction method is proposed. The end products of this reduction process are identified as dimethylamine (DMA), carbon dioxide, and hydrochloric acid. Both the solvent (DMF) and reaction product (DMA) are biodegradable and the reaction byproducts (DMA and CO2) can be reconverted back into DMF. The simple mixing of two colloids in the same solvent (DMF) is adopted to incorporate tin nanoparticles into a graphene matrix; this helps to distribute nanoparticles on the graphene surfaces. The resulting nanocomposite displays an improved reversible capacity of 750 mAh g−1 at a current rate of 160 mA g−1, with stable cyclic retention and a discharge capacity of more than 600 mAh g−1 at a high current rate of 700 mA g−1 after 35 cycles. The effect of graphene on nanoparticle shape management during electrochemical cycling is studied by using transmission electron microscopy.
1,2‐Dihydrophosphete: A Platform for the Molecular Engineering of Electroluminescent Phosphorus Materials for Light‐Emitting Devices
Authors: Chen Hui , Pascal Simon , Wang Zuoyong , Bouit Pierre‐Antoine , Wang Zisu , Zhang Yinlong , Tondelier Denis , Geffroy Bernard , Réau Régis , Mathey François , Duan Zheng , Hissler Muriel 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe discovery and molecular engineering of novel electroluminescent materials is still a challenge in optoelectronics. In this work, the development of new π‐conjugated oligomers incorporating a dihydrophosphete skeleton is reported. Variation of the substitution pattern of 1,2‐dihydrophosphete derivatives and chemical modification of their P atoms afford thermally stable derivatives, which are suitable emitters to construct organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). The optical and electrochemical properties of these new P‐based oligomers have been investigated in detail and are supported by DFT calculations. The OLED devices exhibit good performance and current‐independent CIE coordinates.
Bandgap Engineering and Mechanism Study of Nonmetal and Metal Ion Codoped Carbon Nitride: C+Fe as an Example
Authors: Zhang Shouwei , Li Jiaxing , Zeng Meiyi , Li Jie , Xu Jinzhang , Wang Xiangke 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBandgap narrowing and a more positive valence band (VB) potential are generally considered to be effective methods for improving visible‐light‐driven photocatalysts because of the significant enhancement of visible‐light absorption and oxidation ability. Herein, an approach is reported for the synthesis of a novel visible‐light‐driven high performance polymer photocatalyst based on band structure control and nonmetal and metal ion codoping, that is, C and Fe‐codoped as a model, by a simple thermal conversion method. The results indicate that compared to pristine graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4), C+Fe‐codoped g‐C3N4 shows a narrower bandgap and remarkable positively shifted VB; as a result the light‐absorption range was expanded and the oxidation capability was increased. Experimental results show that the catalytic efficiency of C+Fe‐codoped g‐C3N4 for photodegradation of rhodamine B (RhB) increased 14 times, compared with pristine g‐C3N4 under visible‐light absorption at λ>420 nm. The synergistic enhancement in C+Fe‐codoped g‐C3N4 photocatalyst could be attributed to the following features: 1) C+Fe‐codoping of g‐C3N4 tuned the bandgap and improved visible‐light absorption; 2) the porous lamellar structure and decreased particle size could provide a high surface area and greatly improve photogenerated charge separation and electron transfer; and 3) both increased electrical conductivity and a more positive VB ensured the superior electron‐transport property and high oxidation capability. The results imply that a high‐performance photocatalyst can be obtained by combining bandgap control and doping modification; this may provide a basic concept for the rational design of high performance polymer photocatalysts with reasonable electronic structures for unique photochemical reaction.
The Pentamethylcyclopentadienylsilicon(II) Cation: Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity
Authors: Jutzi Peter 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn the flourishing chemistry of divalent silicon, π‐complex formation between silicon and the pentamethylcyclopentadienyl (Cp*) group is one of the successful strategies for thermodynamic and/or kinetic stabilization. Here, the diverse reactivity of the [Cp*Si]+ ion is described. Its chemistry is characterized by the addition of anionic and neutral nucleophiles and by the easy hapticity change and the leaving‐group character of the Cp* group. Several novel sandwich and half‐sandwich π‐complexes of divalent silicon were synthesized, and a novel access to the class of cyclotrisilenes was found. A reversible adduct formation is the basis for the catalytic activity of the [Cp*Si]+ ion in the specific oligoether degradation. Homo‐ or heterolytic Cp*Si bond cleavage allows the use of the cation as a source of silicon atoms in silicon cluster synthesis and in nanoparticle formation.
Detecting Enzyme Activities with Exogenous MRI Contrast Agents
Authors: Hingorani Dina V. , Yoo Byunghee , Bernstein Adam S. , Pagel Mark D. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis review focuses on exogenous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents that are responsive to enzyme activity. Enzymes can catalyze a change in water access, rotational tumbling time, the proximity of a 19F‐labeled ligand, the aggregation state, the proton chemical‐exchange rate between the agent and water, or the chemical shift of 19F, 31P, 13C or a labile 1H of an agent, all of which can be used to detect enzyme activity. The variety of agents attests to the creativity in developing enzyme‐responsive MRI contrast agents.
Indicators for evaluating cancer organizations' support services: Performance and associations with empowerment
Authors: Lauzier Sophie , Campbell H. Sharon , Livingston Patricia M. , Maunsell Elizabeth 
Published: July 2014

BACKGROUNDCommunity‐based cancer organizations provide services to support patients. An anticipated benefit of these services is patient empowerment. However, this outcome has not been evaluated because of the lack of validated health‐related empowerment questionnaires in the cancer context. In this validation study, the authors assessed the extent to which 16 indicators used by the Canadian Cancer Society (CCS) and the Cancer Council Victoria, Australia (CCV) to evaluate their services were associated with health‐related empowerment.METHODSCancer patients/survivors who were diagnosed <3 years earlier and who used CCS programs completed a questionnaire that included the 16 CCS‐CCV indicators and 5 scales from the Health Education Impact Questionnaire (heiQ) measuring key dimensions of empowerment. To determine whether the CCS‐CCV indicators captured empowerment, differences in heiQ scores were compared between 2 groups: those with higher levels of agreement (agreeing or agreeing strongly) with an indicator and those with lower levels of agreement (agreeing slightly or disagreeing to any degree).RESULTSParticipation was 72% (207 of 289 eligible CCS users). Compared with participants who had lower levels of agreement on CCS‐CCV indicators, those who had higher levels of agreement were more likely to report higher levels of empowerment on the different heiQ scales. For 15 of 16 indicators, these differences were significant (Wilcoxon rank‐sum test; P < .10) on ≥1 of 5 heiQ scales and for 10 of 16 indicators on ≥3 of 5 heiQ scales. Two indicators were associated significantly with all 5 heiQ scales (cope better and feel more in control).CONCLUSIONSUsing CCS‐CCV indicators to evaluate community‐based cancer organizations' services will help determine whether these services are reaching one of their important goals: namely empowering patients. Cancer 2014;120:3219–3227. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Molecular‐Level Insights into the Reactivity of Siloxane‐Based Electrolytes at a Lithium‐Metal Anode
Authors: Assary Rajeev S. , Lu Jun , Luo Xiangyi , Zhang Xiaoyi , Ren Yang , Wu Huiming , Albishri Hassan M. , El‐Hady D. Abd , Al‐Bogami A. S. , Curtiss Larry A. , Amine Khalil 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA molecular‐level understanding of the reactions that occur at the lithium‐metal anode/electrolyte interphase is essential to improve the performance of Li–O2 batteries. Experimental and computational techniques are applied to explore the reactivity of tri(ethylene glycol)‐substituted trimethylsilane (1NM3), a siloxane‐based ether electrolyte, at the lithium‐metal anode. In situ/ex situ X‐ray diffraction and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy studies provide evidence of the formation of lithium hydroxide and lithium carbonates at the anode upon gradual degradation of the metallic lithium anode and the solvent molecules in the presence of oxygen. Density functional calculations performed to obtain a mechanistic understanding of the reductive decomposition of 1NM3 indicate that the decomposition does not require any apparent barrier to produce lithium hydroxide and lithium carbonates when the reduced 1NM3 solvent molecules interact with the oxygen crossing over from the cathode. This study indicates that degradation may be more significant in the case of the 1NM3 solvent, compared to linear ethers such as tetraglyme or dioxalone, because of its relatively high electron affinity. Also, both protection of the lithium metal and prevention of oxygen crossover to the anode are essential for minimizing electrolyte and anode decomposition.
Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity on Pt{111} Surface Alloys
Authors: Attard Gary A. , Brew Ashley , Ye Jin‐Yu , Morgan David , Sun Shi‐Gang 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPtM overlayers (where M=Fe, Co or Ni) supported on Pt{111} are prepared via thermal annealing in either a nitrogen/water or hydrogen ambient of dilute aqueous droplets containing MZ+ cations directly attached to the electrode. Two different PtM phases are detected depending on the nature of the post‐annealing cooling environment. The first of these consists of small (<20 nm), closely packed microcrystals comprised of a central metallic core and a shell (several monolayers thick) of mixed metal oxides/hydroxides. The second type of PtM phase is prepared by cooling in a stream of hydrogen gas. Although this second phase also consists of numerous microcrystals covering the Pt{111} electrode surface, these are both flatter than before and moreover are entirely metallic in character. A positive shift in the onset of PtM oxide formation correlates with increased activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which we ascribe to the greater availability of platinum metallic sites under ORR conditions.
Isothermal Titration Calorimetry Study of a Bistable Supramolecular System: Reversible Complexation of Cryptand[2.2.2] with Potassium Ions
Authors: del Rosso Maria G. , Ciesielski Artur , Colella Silvia , Harrowfield Jack M. , Samorì Paolo 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIsothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) is used to investigate the thermodynamics of the complexation of potassium ions by 1,10‐diaza‐4,7,13,16,21,24‐hexaoxabicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane (cryptand[2.2.2]) in aqueous solution. By changing the pH of the solution it was possible to trigger the reversible complexation/decomplexation of the cryptand in consecutive in situ experiments and to assess for the first time the use of ITC to monitor the thermodynamics of a bistable system.
Selective Aerobic Oxidation of Primary Alcohols to Aldehydes over Nb2O5 Photocatalyst with Visible Light
Authors: Furukawa Shinya , Shishido Tetsuya , Teramura Kentaro , Tanaka Tsunehiro 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPrimary alcohols are selectively converted into aldehydes by using a Nb2O5 photocatalyst under visible‐light irradiation. A strong interaction between the alcohol and Nb2O5 generates a donor level within the forbidden band of Nb2O5, which provides a visible‐light‐harvesting ability. Over oxidation of aldehydes into carboxylic acids does not proceed under visible‐light irradiation.
Synthesis, crystal structure and luminescent property of a zinc coordination polymer containing N,N′,N″‐tris(3‐pyridyl)‐1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxamide ligand
Authors: Bai Hong‐Ye , Fan Wei‐Qiang , Wang Shi‐Meng , Yan Yong‐Sheng , Liu Chun‐Bo 
Published: July 2014

A new coordination polymer, [Zn(L)(1,2‐bdc)(H2O)]·1.5H2O (1) (L = N,N′,N′′‐tris(3‐pyridyl)‐1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxamide, 1,2‐bdc = 1,2‐benzenedicarboxylic acid), has been synthesized through the hydrothermal method and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. It crystallizes in triclinic, space group P ‐1, a = 7.403(3) Å, b = 13.900(5) Å, c = 17.317(6) Å, α = 71.591(5)°, β = 88.225(5)°, γ = 75.940(5)°, V = 1638.1(10) Å 3, Z = 2, C32H27ZnN6O9.5, Mr = 712.97, Dc = 1.445 g/cm3, F(000) = 734, GOOF = 0.968. In this structure, each two bdc2‐ ligands connect two Zn(II) atoms to form a four‐membered ring with two L ligands acting as the two arms of the four‐membered ring. The adjacent four‐membered rings are further extended to a 3D supramolecular structure by hydrogen bonding interactions and π‐π stacking. Moreover, the luminescent property has also been investigated.
Forgery attacks of an identity‐based multi‐proxy signature scheme
Authors: Yap Wun‐She , Goi Bok‐Min 
Published: July 2014

SUMMARYMulti‐proxy signature is used to delegate a permission of an owner to at least two proxies in the digital world. Recently, Sahu and Padhye gave a new construction of identity‐based multi‐proxy signature. Their scheme's security was supported by a reduction proof against a hard mathematical problem. Even supported by such security proofs, we present some forgery attacks against Sahu and Padhye's scheme. We demonstrate that any dishonest insider or any malicious outsider can break the security of Sahu and Padhye's scheme by forging either a permission or a multi‐proxy signature. In fact, our forgery attacks exploit the security weakness in their underlying identity‐based signature scheme, which is the fundamental constructing component of their proposed scheme. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trinuclear Early/Late‐Transition‐Metal Thiolate Complexes
Authors: Eichhöfer Andreas , Andrushko Vasyl , Bodenstein Tilmann , Fink Karin 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe thiolato‐bridged cobalt(II)/vanadium(II) complexes [Li(thf)4]2[Co2V(SPh)8] and [Li(15‐crown‐5)(thf)]2[Co2V(SPh)8] as well as a related nickel(II)/vanadium(II) complex [Li(15‐crown‐5)(thf)]2[Ni2V(SPh)8] have been prepared by treatment of CoCl2 (NiCl2) and VCl3 {[VCl3(thf)3]} with LiSPh in THF without and in the presence of 15‐crown‐5, respectively. The crystal structures of the trinuclear compounds were determined by X‐ray analysis of single crystals and investigated by density functional theory. Both give evidence for one very short Ni–V distance (259.41 pm) in [Li(15‐crown‐5)(thf)]2[Ni2V(SPh)8]. The dark‐coloured compounds display absorption bands over a wide energy range with an absorption onset lying in the near‐infrared region at approximately 2000 nm. Magnetic measurements show strong antiferromagnetic coupling of the metal ions through acute phenylthiolate bridges (M–S–M < 76.1°). Ab initio multireference calculations together with mapping approaches reveal that the magnetic properties of the anionic metal complexes can be described by different effective spin Hamiltonians that indicate different types of intramolecular interactions between the metal ions. In [Co2V(SPh)8]2–, we found at low temperatures an effective S = 3/2 behaviour with small zero‐field splitting (ZFS) caused by a strong, symmetric antiferromagnetic exchange interaction. A weak direct Ni–V bond in [Ni2V(SPh)8]2– generates an effective two‐centre system that consists of an effective spin of S = 1/2 from the weakly bound Ni–V pair and a pseudospin S = 1 located on the other nickel site, antiferromagnetically coupled to an S = 1/2 ground state.
Total Synthesis of Blennolide Mycotoxins: Design, Synthetic Routes and Completion
Authors: Meister Anne C. , Encinas Arantxa , Sahin Hülya , Singer Emilie M. C. , Nising Carl F. , Nieger Martin , Bräse Stefan 
Published: July 2014

AbstractMycotoxins of the tetrahydroxanthone class of natural products possess a large number of interesting biological properties. In this full paper, we present our synthetic strategy to some members of this class of compounds, namely the blennolides A and C. We disclose the scope and limitations of the functionalization of various xanthones derived from a domino oxa‐Michael‐aldol condensation and pursue dimerization of these xanthones. Furthermore, the first crystal structure of blennolide C has been obtained.
5‐Aminopenta‐2,4‐dienals: Synthesis, Activation towards Nucleophiles, Molecular Modeling and Biosynthetic Implications in Relation to the Manzamine Alkaloids
Authors: Yan Lok‐Hang , Skiredj Adam , Dory Yves , Delpech Bernard , Poupon Erwan 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSubstituted 5‐aminopentadienals and glutaconaldehydes are key elements postulated in the biosynthesis of the diverse class of manzamine‐type alkaloids. The activation of 5‐aminopentadienals into electrophilic iminium salts and their subsequent reactivity towards various nucleophiles has permitted the synthesis of a series of unsaturated compounds sometimes accompanied by cascades of rearrangements. Molecular modeling of these systems carried out using DFT calculations of HOMO/LUMO was in agreement with the experimental results indicating that strong electrophilic agents, such as POCl3 are required to turn 5‐aminopentadienals into electrophiles. New examples of glutaconaldehyde reactivity, especially towards pyridinium salts, are presented and biosynthetic considerations are kept in mind throughout this study.
Recurrences after thyroglossal duct cyst surgery: Results in 207 consecutive cases and review of the literature
Authors: Rohof Daan , Honings Jimmie , Theunisse Henricus J. , Schutte Henrieke W. , van den Hoogen Frank J. A. , van den Broek Guido B. , Takes Robert P. , Wijnen Marc H. W. A. , Marres Henri A. M. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTBackgroundA thyroglossal duct cyst is the most common form of congenital anomaly in the neck. Surgical removal is very effective. However, in some cases, a cyst recurs. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that predispose to recurrence of a thyroglossal duct cyst.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted of consecutive patients who underwent surgical resection for histologically confirmed thyroglossal duct cysts between 1998 and 2013 in a tertiary referral center.ResultsTwo hundred seven patients were included. The overall recurrence rate was 9.7%. The most important factor predicting recurrence was the type of resection: recurrence rate was 5.3% after the Sistrunk procedure, and 55.6% after plain excision (p < .001). The only other factor that was significantly associated with chance of recurrence was postoperative infection.ConclusionThe Sistrunk procedure is the treatment of choice for thyroglossal duct cysts because it yields low recurrence and morbidity. Postoperative infections, rather than preoperative infections, are associated with recurrence. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Head Neck37:1699–1704, 2015
Treating trismus: A prospective study on effect and compliance to jaw exercise therapy in head and neck cancer
Authors: Pauli Nina , Andréll Paulin , Johansson Mia , Fagerberg‐Mohlin Bodil , Finizia Caterina 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundTrismus after head and neck cancer is a symptom associated with pain and negatively affected health‐related quality of life. The purpose of this study was to compare two different jaw exercise devices and the compliance to exercise.MethodsFifty patients with head and neck cancer were randomized to jaw exercise with either the TheraBite or Engström jaw device in a 10‐week exercise program. Patients were regularly assessed by an oral surgeon, filled in exercise diaries, and answered the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Core 30 Head and Neck 35‐questions (EORTC QLQ H&N35) and the Gothenburg Trismus Questionnaire (GTQ).ResultsBoth groups improved their mouth opening, 7.2 mm (22.9%) and 5.5 mm (17.6%) for TheraBite and Engström, respectively. The largest increase in mouth opening and highest compliance to exercise was seen during the 4 first weeks.ConclusionJaw exercise therapy effectively improved mouth opening capacity and led to less trismus‐related symptoms. Both jaw devices were proved efficient and compliance to exercise was comparable. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 1738–1744, 2015
External auditory canal cholesteatoma in patients given radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Yu Shiou‐Shyan , Lee Kuan‐Ji , Lin Yung‐Song 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundPatients who undergo radiotherapy (RT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) may develop external auditory canal cholesteatoma (EACC).MethodsThe records of patients with newly diagnosed NPC who had received concomitant chemotherapy and RT in a tertiary referral center from 1997 January to 2012 July were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsRT‐related external auditory canal cholesteatoma (RT‐related EACC) was identified in 15 of 833 patients given RT for NPC. Three patients had EACC in both ears. The interval from completion of RT to the diagnosis of EACC ranged from 0.5 to 15.4 years (mean, 5.6 years). RT‐related EACC commonly (75%) invaded the anterior and inferior parts of the external canal wall. Canaloplasty was used in 12 patients to surgically remove cholesteatoma. There was no recurrence of RT‐related EACC during the study period.ConclusionPatients with NPC might contract RT‐related EACC a few years after RT. We hypothesize that a fraction dose of 200 cGy or more induces RT‐related EACC. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 1794–1798, 2015
Are Multicultural Courses Addressing Disparities? Exploring Multicultural and Affirmative Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Competencies of Counseling and Psychology Students
Authors: Bidell Markus P. 
Published: July 2014

Clinical training and counselor competency are essential for ethical practice when working with multiethnic, lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB), and transgender clients. In this study, the author examined how multicultural courses related to students' (N = 286) LGB and multicultural competencies. Self‐reported multicultural and LGB competencies varied significantly depending on the number and types of diversity education reported. Multicultural courses significantly predicted students' multicultural, but not LGB counselor competency. Political conservatism was the strongest predictor for both multicultural and sexual orientation competencies.La formación y competencias multiculturales afirmativas hacia individuos gays, lesbianas y bisexuales (LGB, por sus siglas en inglés) de consejeros son esenciales para una práctica clínica ética. En este estudio, el autor examinó cómo los cursos multiculturales se relacionaron con las competencias multiculturales de un grupo de estudiantes (N = 286). Las competencias multiculturales y sobre LGB autorreportadas variaron significativamente dependiendo del número y tipos de educación sobre diversidad reportados. Los cursos multiculturales predijeron de forma significativa la competencia multicultural de los estudiantes, pero no la competencia sobre LGB en consejería. La ideología política conservadora fue el predictor más fuerte de las competencias multiculturales y sobre orientación sexual.