bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Updates of surgical treatment in hemorrhoidal disease
Authors: Li Jianan , Ma Huangfu , Wang Yue , Lai Lixia , Zhang Xuecheng , Wang Yanmei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHemorrhoidal disease is one of the most prevalent and frequently occurring conditions worldwide. Treatment modalities for hemorrhoids are multifaceted and tailored according to the severity of the condition. Various surgical procedures and modified approaches had been invented since 1937. Here we review the workflow, advantages, and disadvantages of different types of hemorrhoid surgery (conventional excisional hemorrhoidectomy, modified excisional surgery, stapled/partial stapled hemorrhoidopexy, and Doppler‐guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation). There is no single treatment that fits all hemorrhoid patients. Surgeons should make the operation plan based on patients' conditions and wills.
Naphthalene Diimide‐Based Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Framework for High Electrical Conductivity and Ammonia Sensor Applications
Authors: Imaoka Kentaro , Kim Hyung Suk , Yamamoto Yusei , Fukutomi Satoshi , Chamoreau Lise‐Marie , Qu Liyuan , Iguchi Hiroaki , Tsuchiya Youichi , Ono Toshikazu , Mathevet Fabrice , Adachi Chihaya 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhile metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been widely investigated as porous conductive materials, the research on the electrical properties of HOF materials has been limited. Moreover, the electrical conductivity of HOF materials is typically several orders of magnitude lower than that of MOFs and COFs. In this work, a HOF material based on naphthalene diimide is designed and achieved a remarkable electrical conductivity of 2.9 × 10−2 S cm−1 after hydrazine doping, which represents the highest value reported in the HOF system to date. In addition, this material exhibits a reversible change of its electrical conductivity under exposure to ammonia which is promising for gas‐sensor applications. The demonstration reveals a new dimension of HOFs as conductive materials and opens up possibilities for new HOF‐based devices.
The Development of Lung Tissue Engineering: From Biomaterials to Multicellular Systems
Authors: Ma Jingge , Wu Chengtie , Xu Jinfu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe challenge of the treatment of end‐stage lung disease poses an urgent clinical demand for lung tissue engineering. Over the past few years, various lung tissue‐engineered constructs are developed for lung tissue regeneration and respiratory pathology study. In this review, an overview of recent achievements in the field of lung tissue engineering is proposed. The introduction of lung structure and lung injury are stated briefly at first. After that, the lung tissue‐engineered constructs are categorized into three types: acellular, monocellular, and multicellular systems. The different bioengineered constructs included in each system that can be applied to the reconstruction of the trachea, airway epithelium, alveoli, and even whole lung are described in detail, followed by the highlight of relevant representative research. Finally, the challenges and future directions of biomaterials, manufacturing technologies, and cells involved in lung tissue engineering are discussed. Overall, this review can provide referable ideas for the realization of functional lung regeneration and permanent lung substitution.
Intraoperative Cavity Local Delivery System with NETs‐Specific Drug Release for Post‐Breast Cancer Surgery Recurrence Correction
Authors: Zhu Wan‐Fang , Ji Wen‐Jing , Wang Qiu‐Yuan , Qu Wei , Feng Feng , Han Ling‐Fei , Xue Jing‐Wei , Liu Fu‐Lei , Liu Wen‐Yuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPostoperative breast cancer recurrence is tricky due to the limited therapeutic options. Transforming growth factors‐β (TGF‐β) is vital in promoting postoperative tumor recurrence. However, conventional blocking strategies fail to satisfy both bio‐safety and sufficient relapse correction. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are essential for the spatiotemporal dynamics of TGF‐β at tumor‐resection sites, whose unique mechanism for local TGF‐β amplification could remarkably increase the risk of relapse after surgery. Herein, the principle of NETs formation is ingeniously utilized to construct a surgical residual cavity hydrogel that mimics NETs formation. The hydrogel is prepared based on the electrostatic interaction between histidine (His) and sodium alginate (Alg). Then, arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) protein is released during NETs formation. Simultaneously, the electrical property of His in hydrogel changes automatically, which further lead to promising localized release of anti‐TGF‐β. The hydrogel system can realize specific and selective drug release at targeted NETs site over a prolonged period while exhibiting excellent biocompatibility. Superior breast cancer recurrence inhibition is achieved by suppressing TGF‐β and related indicators, impeding epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression, and rectifying the locally exacerbated immunosuppressive environment within NETs. The novel NETs local microenvironment drug release functional hydrogel will provide inspiration for postoperative recurrence correction strategies.
Nanoplasmonic Rapid Antimicrobial‐Resistance Point‐of‐Care Identification Device: RAPIDx
Authors: Lee Jong‐Hwan , Song Jihwan , Hong SoonGweon , Kim Yun , Song Minsun , Cho Byungrae , Wu Tiffany , Riley Lee W. , Landegren Ulf , Lee Luke P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe emergence of antibiotic resistance has become a global health crisis, and everyone must arm themselves with wisdom to effectively combat the “silent tsunami” of infections that are no longer treatable with antibiotics. However, the overuse or inappropriate use of unnecessary antibiotics is still routine for administering them due to the unavailability of rapid, precise, and point‐of‐care assays. Here, a rapid antimicrobial‐resistance point‐of‐care identification device (RAPIDx) is reported for the accurate and simultaneous identification of bacterial species (genotype) and target enzyme activity (phenotype). First, a contamination‐free active target enzyme is extracted via the photothermal lysis of preconcentrated bacteria cells on a nanoplasmonic functional layer on‐chip. Second, the rapid, precise identification of pathogens is achieved by the photonic rolling circle amplification of DNA on a chip. Third, the simultaneous identification of bacterial species (genotype) and target enzyme activity (phenotype) is demonstrated within a sample‐to‐answer 45 min operation via the RAPIDx. It is believed that the RAPIDx will be a valuable method for solving the bottleneck of employing on‐chip nanotechnology for antibiotic‐resistant bioassay and other infectious diseases.
Self‐Produced O2 CNs‐Based Nanocarriers of DNA Hydrophobization Strategy Triggers Photodynamic and Mitochondrial‐Derived Ferroptosis for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Combined Treatment
Authors: Liu Ming‐Xuan , Liu Yan‐Chao , Cai Yu‐Ting , Gu Ying‐Ying , Zhu Ya‐Qi , Zhang Nan , Zhu Wei‐Zhong , Liu Yong‐Hong , Yu Lei , Zhang Qi‐Tao , Zhang Xiao‐Ling 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHypoxia can aggravate tumor occurrence, development, invasion, and metastasis, and greatly inhibit the photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect. Herein, carbon nitride (CNs)‐based DNA and photosensitizer co‐delivery systems (BPSCNs) with oxygen‐producing functions are developed to address this problem. Selenide glucose (Seglu) is used as the dopant to prepare red/NIR‐active CNs (SegluCNs). The tumor‐targeting unit Bio‐PEG2000 is utilized to construct BPSCNs nanoparticles through esterification reactions. Furthermore, DNA hydrophobization is realized via mixing P53 gene with a positively charged mitochondrial‐targeted near‐infrared (NIR) emitting photosensitizer (MTTPY), which is encapsulated in non‐cationic BPSCNs for synergistic delivery. Ester bonds in BPSCNs@MTTPY‐P53 complexes can be disrupted by lipase in the liver to facilitate P53 release, upregulated P53 expression, and promoted HIF‐1α degradation in mitochondria. In addition, the oxygen produced by the complexes improved the hypoxic microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), synergistically downregulated HIF‐1α expression in mitochondria, promoted mitochondrial‐derived ferroptosis and enhanced the PDT effect of the MTTPY unit. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments indicated that the transfected P53‐DNA, produced O2 and ROS by these complexes synergistically led to mitochondrial‐derived ferroptosis in hepatoma cells through the HIF‐1α/SLC7A11 pathway, and completely avoiding PDT resistance caused by hypoxia, exerting a significant therapeutic role in HCC treatment.
Scalable Atomic Arrays for Spin‐Based Quantum Computers in Silicon
Authors: Jakob Alexander M. , Robson Simon G. , Firgau Hannes R. , Mourik Vincent , Schmitt Vivien , Holmes Danielle , Posselt Matthias , Mayes Edwin L.H. , Spemann Daniel , McCallum Jeffrey C. , Morello Andrea , Jamieson David N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSemiconductor spin qubits combine excellent quantum performance with the prospect of manufacturing quantum devices using industry‐standard metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (MOS) processes. This applies also to ion‐implanted donor spins, which further afford exceptional coherence times and large Hilbert space dimension in their nuclear spin. Here multiple strategies are demonstrated and integrated to manufacture scale‐up donor‐based quantum computers. 31PF2 molecule implants are used to triple the placement certainty compared to 31P ions, while attaining 99.99% confidence in detecting the implant. Similar confidence is retained by implanting heavier atoms such as 123Sb and 209Bi, which represent high‐dimensional qudits for quantum information processing, while Sb2 molecules enable deterministic formation of closely‐spaced qudits. The deterministic formation of regular arrays of donor atoms with 300 nm spacing is demonstrated, using step‐and‐repeat implantation through a nano aperture. These methods cover the full gamut of technological requirements for the construction of donor‐based quantum computers in silicon.
Densification of Cathode/Electrolyte Interphase to Enhance Reversibility of LiCoO2 at 4.65 V
Authors: Ren Hengyu , Hu Jiaxuan , Ji Haocheng , Huang Yuxiang , Zhao Wenguang , Huang Weiyuan , Wang Xiaohu , Yi Haocong , Song Yongli , Liu Jiajie , Liu Tongchao , Liu Ming , Zhao Qinghe , Pan Feng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFor LiCoO2 (LCO) operated beyond 4.55 V (vs Li/Li+), it usually suffers from severe surface degradation. Constructing a robust cathode/electrolyte interphase (CEI) is effective to alleviate the above issues, however, the correlated mechanisms still remain vague. Herein, a progressively reinforced CEI is realized via constructing Zr─O deposits (ZrO2 and Li2ZrO3) on LCO surface (i.e., Z‐LCO). Upon cycle, these Zr─O deposits can promote the decomposition of LiPF6, and progressively convert to the highly dispersed Zr─O─F species. In particular, the chemical reaction between LiF and Zr─O─F species further leads to the densification of CEI, which greatly reinforces its toughness and conductivity. Combining the robust CEI and thin surface rock‐salt layer of Z‐LCO, several benefits are achieved, including stabilizing the surface lattice oxygen, facilitating the interface Li+ transport kinetics, and enhancing the reversibility of O3/H1‐3 phase transition, etc. As a result, the Z‐LCO||Li cells exhibit a high capacity retention of 84.2% after 1000 cycles in 3–4.65 V, 80.9% after 1500 cycles in 3–4.6 V, and a high rate capacity of 160 mAh g−1 at 16 C (1 C = 200 mA g−1). This work provides a new insight for developing advanced LCO cathodes.
Coordination‐Induced Structural Rigidity for Achieving Ultralong‐Lived Aqueous Room Temperature Phosphorescence
Authors: Liang Li Ya , Gao Ya Ting , Chang Shuai , Lv Jian , Wang Lu , Liu Meng Li , Wu Da Jun , Ye Ming Jie , Chen Bin Bin , Li Da Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDesigning ultralong‐lived aqueous room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials has become an actively pursued but challenging research area. Herein, a coordination‐induced structural rigidity (CISR) strategy is proposed to achieve ultralong RTP lifetime in magnesium/pyromellitic acid phosphorescent materials (Mg/PMA‐PMs) with abundant Mg2+ ions sites and hydrophilic groups in aqueous solution. Compared to their dry state (448.77 ms), the lifetime of Mg/PMA‐PMs significantly increases to 1026.17 ms with the addition of a small amount of water (50 wt%). Even in a fully non‐deoxygenated aqueous environment (above 200 wt% water), where Mg/PMA‐PMs disintegrate to form a nanosuspension, they still exhibit an ultralong aqueous RTP lifetime of ≈800 ms. The water‐enhanced RTP properties are attributed to water molecules coordinating with Mg2+ ions and acting as bridging agents to bind with hydrophilic groups through hydrogen bonding. This interaction rigidifies functional groups and inhibits their motions, leading to a substantial reduction in nonradiative decay. Furthermore, the CISR mechanism effectively explains the RTP enhancement effect of water on inorganic salt phosphorescent systems. This work not only provides a new approach for constructing efficient aqueous RTP materials, but also develops a powerful tool for visual anion recognition.
Long‐term outcomes of renal AL amyloidosis patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation: Validating the performance of the renal staging system
Authors: Muchtar Eli , Gertz Morie A. , Mwangi Raphael , Hassan Hamza , Dispenzieri Angela , Leung Nelson , Buadi Francis K , Dingli David , Staron Andrew , Sanchorawala Vaishali 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRenal AL amyloidosis can be complicated by end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT). In this study, we describe the long‐term outcomes of renal AL amyloidosis patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and assess the utility of the renal staging system. Retrospective study of renal AL patients (n = 697; Mayo Clinic, Boston University) who underwent ASCT between 2003 and 2020. Renal stage was assigned based on 24‐h proteinuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate measurements. Renal survival was defined as the time from ASCT until initiation of RRT, while patients who were not placed on RRT were censored at their last follow‐up. With a median follow‐up of 10.4 years, RRT was required in 149 patients (21%). The median time from ASCT to ESRD was 3.4 years, with late events of progression to ESRD seen >10 years from ASCT. Pre‐ASCT renal stage was significantly associated with the cumulative incidence of RRT: 3‐year RRT rate was 3%, 10%, and 37% for renal stages I, II, and III, respectively. However, in the 2012–2020 period subset, a significant decrease in ESRD risk was noted across all renal stages (3‐year RRT 0%, 5%, and 24%, respectively). In multivariate analysis, renal survival was independently associated with the pre‐ASCT renal stage, lambda isotype, bone marrow plasmacytosis ≥20%, post‐ASCT hematologic response, and year of ASCT. Long‐term outcomes of renal AL amyloidosis treated with ASCT are presented. Renal stage reliably predicts renal outcomes in patients with AL undergoing ASCT, despite a reduction in the proportion of patients progressing to RRT in recent years.
Sharing health care wishes among older adults with cognitive impairment in primary care: Results from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wolff Jennifer L. , Cagle John G. , Hanna Valecia , Dy Sydney M. , Echavarria Diane , Giovannetti Erin R. , Boyd Cynthia M. , Saylor Martha Abshire , Hussain Naaz , Reiff Jenni S. , Scerpella Danny , Zhang Talan , Sekhon Vishaldeep Kaur , Roth David L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONBest practices for conducting advance care planning (ACP) among persons with cognitive impairment exist, but evidence‐based models are lacking for the primary care setting.METHODSWe tested a remote multicomponent ACP model (SHARE) versus minimally enhanced usual care in 273 person–family dyads from eight primary care practices.RESULTSMean patient age was 88.0 years, 85 (31.1%) were Black/Latino; 189 (69.2%) had moderate‐to‐severe cognitive impairment. Most (101/145; 69.6%) intervention dyads engaged in ACP. At follow‐up, no treatment effect was observed for care partner–reported quality of communication about end‐of‐life care at 6 or 12 months, but intervention patients reported better quality of communication about end‐of‐life care at 12 months. Intervention care partners and patients reported greater readiness to engage in ACP at 6 and 12 months, respectively, and increased completion of key aspects of ACP.DISCUSSIONSHARE supported key aspects of ACP processes and communication about end‐of‐life care.Highlights
Primary care–based models of ACP for persons with dementia are lacking.
Involving persons with cognitive impairment in remote ACP is feasible with care partner involvement.
Results indicate benefit for aspects of ACP processes and communication about end‐of‐life care.
Insights into yeast response to chemotherapeutic agent through time series genome‐scale metabolic models
Authors: Karabekmez Muhammed E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOrganism‐specific genome‐scale metabolic models (GSMMs) can unveil molecular mechanisms within cells and are commonly used in diverse applications, from synthetic biology, biotechnology, and systems biology to metabolic engineering. There are limited studies incorporating time‐series transcriptomics in GSMM simulations. Yeast is an easy‐to‐manipulate model organism for tumor research. Here, a novel approach (TS‐GSMM) was proposed to integrate time‐series transcriptomics with GSMMs to narrow down the feasible solution space of all possible flux distributions and attain time‐series flux samples. The flux samples were clustered using machine learning techniques, and the clusters' functional analysis was performed using reaction set enrichment analysis. A time series transcriptomics response of Yeast cells to a chemotherapeutic reagent—doxorubicin—was mapped onto a Yeast GSMM. Eleven flux clusters were obtained with our approach, and pathway dynamics were displayed. Induction of fluxes related to bicarbonate formation and transport, ergosterol and spermidine transport, and ATP production were captured. Integrating time‐series transcriptomics data with GSMMs is a promising approach to reveal pathway dynamics without any kinetic modeling and detects pathways that cannot be identified through transcriptomics‐only analysis. The codes are available at https://github.com/karabekmez/TS-GSMM.
Pericapsular nerve group block followed by regional anesthesia for pathological fracture fixation in a multiple myeloma patient
Authors: Suwal Aayusha , Subedi Nischal , Shrestha Nischal , Shrestha Ujma 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageAppropriate anesthetic technique for fracture fixation in multiple myeloma is crucial in minimizing perioperative complications. The use of pericapsular nerve group block followed by spinal anesthesia for the operative management of pathological fracture in multiple myeloma patient along with proper pre‐ and postanesthetic care ensures better outcome for the patient.AbstractMultiple myeloma is a malignant plasma cell disease that often presents with anemia, renal failure, hyperkalemia and osteolytic bone lesions. The advancements in drug therapy of multiple myeloma have prolonged the lifespan of the affected people, resulting in a rise in cases of surgical management of fractures in such patients. Anesthetic management, despite being of utmost importance in minimizing perioperative complications in such patients, has not been widely studied, especially in this part of the world. Hence, we report a case of 64 years diabetic, HbSAg positive male with hypothyroidism and a known case of multiple myeloma since the last 6 years, under medication for his comorbidities who suffered acetabular fracture. In this case report, the use of pericapsular nerve group block followed by spinal anesthesia for the operative management of the fracture has been discussed along with several pre‐ and postanesthetic considerations. With appropriate anesthetic techniques and proper pre‐ and postanesthetic care, better outcomes can be guaranteed.
Non‐motor role of the cerebellum: Cerebellar mutism syndrome in a child with a small hemorrhagic contusion in the dentate nucleus: A case report and literature review
Authors: Ahmed Moayad , Ali Mukashfi , Ginawi Alaaeldin 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageOur case report highlights that Prompt recognition of cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS) is critical in clinical practice, as it is often misdiagnosed as just being reduction in the level of consciousness, particularly in pediatrics trauma patients.AbstractCerebellar mutism syndrome is defined as transient mutism following posterior fossa surgery, hemorrhage or traumatic insults involving the cerebellum. Cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS) is now recognized as a form of cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome (CCAS/Schmahmann syndrome). CMS following head injury is exceedingly rare with very few cases reported. Five years old boy with normal developmental milestones and no significant medical history, sustained closed head injury following road traffic accident, the clinical scenario in addition to the radiological findings led to the diagnosis of cerebellar mutism syndrome. CMS is defined as of neurologic and cognitive disorders, mainly speech disorder. Patient non‐motor signs recovered in a period of few weeks from the mutism syndrome with remaining mild motor deficit. CMS is a set of neurologic and cognitive disorders, the most distinct of which is speech disorder (usually reversible), what is unique about this case is the selective site of the contusion at the region of the dentate nucleus and superior cerebellar peduncle. Such cases offer a better understanding to the function of the cerebellum and its role in cognition. Additionally, the knowledge of this aspect of cerebellar function helps in better predicting the clinical course of such lesions which in turn helps in communication and explanation to patient's families.
Understanding the effect of reaction parameters on the production of levulinic acid from glucose
Authors: Nalawade Ketaki S. , Gogate Parag R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA significant and sustainable feedstock for many value added products is levulinic acid, which is basically a short‐chain fatty acid. The current study aims to comprehend how multiple factors affect the hydrothermal reactions that convert glucose to levulinic acid. Glucose can be readily obtained from lignocellulosic biomass and hence it is selected in the work as representative sustainable source. The effect of various operating parameters, including time (0–180 min), temperature (140–180°C), nitrogen pressure (0–25 bar), glucose concentration (3%–10%), agitation speed (100–300 RPM), and acid concentration (2%–6%); use of different salts (NaCl, AlCl3 6H2O, FeCl3); and different acids (HCl, H3PO4, H2SO4) on the reaction progress has been studied in a batch autoclave reactor. It was elucidated that pressure (only nitrogen purge was essential for reaction progress) or salt content changes did not affect sugar conversion significantly. The process was seriously influenced by the presence of acids, mostly in the form of homogeneous catalysts, and the most significant results were obtained for H2SO4. The highest levulinic acid yield (39.7 g/g) at 90 min, with nearly complete sugar conversion, was obtained under the ideal conditions of 160°C, 5% sugar loading, and 5% H2SO4 concentration. The current study indicates that the two primary operating parameters in this conversion process are temperature and time, with higher temperature and lower sugar concentration showing a rising tendency in sugar conversion. Overall, the study establishes a sustainable process for levulinic acid synthesis.