bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterizing the Potential Predictability of Seasonal, Station-Based Heavy Precipitation Accumulations and Extreme Dry Spell Durations*
Authors: Anderson Bruce T. , Gianotti Dan , Salvucci Guido 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The release of seasonal (and longer) predictions of various climatological quantities is now routine. While undoubtedly devastating to lives and livelihoods, it is unclear whether seasonal extremes in precipitation—for example, extreme dry spells leading to droughts or heavy precipitation events leading to flooding—represent a feasible target for these predictions, that is, whether they are potentially predictable or are instead inherently unpredictable more than a few days to weeks in advance. This paper assesses the potential for predicting seasonal extremes in observed precipitation as a function of region and time of year by decomposing the station-based variance into that attributable to short-memory behavior of typical meteorological events—as generated from station-specific, seasonally varying, daily time-scale stationary stochastic weather models (SSWMs)—and that attributable to longer-time-scale, potentially predictable changes in precipitation-producing processes. Findings suggest the potential for making skillful predictions of seasonal precipitation extremes over the United States is enhanced (reduced) during the cool (warm) season, particularly for heavy precipitation event accumulations. Further, this potential is accentuated along the West Coast, around the Great Lakes, and over the central plains and Ohio River valley but is diminished over the Northeast and northern Great Plains. However, findings also suggest the potential for producing seasonal (and longer) predictions of seasonal precipitation extremes is spatially and seasonally dependent. As such, this paper includes supplemental material for the potentially predictable variance of seasonal extreme dry spell lengths, heavy event accumulations, and total accumulations at 774 stations across all 365 days so readers can evaluate the potential predictability for the location, timing, and metric of most relevance to them.
Applying Cost Accounting to Operating Room Staffing in Otolaryngology
Authors: Balakrishnan Karthik , Goico Brian , Arjmand Ellis M. 
Published: January 2015

Objectives(1) To describe the application of a detailed cost‐accounting method (time‐driven activity‐cased costing) to operating room personnel costs, avoiding the proxy use of hospital and provider charges. (2) To model potential cost efficiencies using different staffing models with the case study of outpatient adenotonsillectomy.Study DesignProspective cost analysis case study.SettingTertiary pediatric hospital.Subject and MethodsAll otolaryngology providers and otolaryngology operating room staff at our institution.ResultsTime‐driven activity‐based costing demonstrated precise per‐case and per‐minute calculation of personnel costs. We identified several areas of unused personnel capacity in a basic staffing model. Per‐case personnel costs decreased by 23.2% by allowing a surgeon to run 2 operating rooms, despite doubling all other staff. Further cost reductions up to a total of 26.4% were predicted with additional staffing rearrangements.ConclusionTime‐driven activity‐based costing allows detailed understanding of not only personnel costs but also how personnel time is used. This in turn allows testing of alternative staffing models to decrease unused personnel capacity and increase efficiency.
The Influence of Diabetes Mellitus on Clinical and Structural Outcomes After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Cho Nam Su , Moon Seong Cheol , Jeon Jong Wook , Rhee Yong Girl 
Published: January 2015

Background: The clinical effect of sustained hyperglycemia on tendon-to-bone healing after rotator cuff repair has not been well characterized. Purpose: To compare the clinical and structural outcomes between diabetic and nondiabetic patients after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and to determine the effect of a diabetic phenotype on tendon-to-bone healing. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated a total of 335 shoulders that were available for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation at least 6 months after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair using the suture-bridge technique with a minimum follow-up of 1 year. Only patients who had medium- to large-sized tears with supraspinatus of fatty infiltration <2 and no or mild atrophy were enrolled in this study. There were 271 nondiabetic patients (group A) and 64 diabetic patients (group B). The mean age at the time of operation for groups A and B was 57.7 and 58.2 years, respectively, and the mean duration of follow-up after surgery was 27.8 and 24.8 months, respectively. Results: At the last follow-up, there were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups with regard to pain at rest and during motion ( P = .212 and .336, respectively). Both groups reported statistically significant improvement in Constant and Shoulder Rating Scale of the University of California at Los Angeles scores ( P = .323 and .241, respectively), but there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups. In assessing the repair integrity with postoperative MRI scans, 39 of 271 cases in group A (14.4%) and 23 of 64 cases in group B (35.9%) had retears, and the difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant ( P < .001). In analyzing the retear rates according to the severity of sustained hyperglycemia in group B, retear was found in 16 of 37 (43.2%) uncontrolled diabetic patients with poor glycemic control (≥7.0% of preoperative serum glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c] levels) and in 7 of 27 (25.9%) controlled diabetic patients (<7.0%) ( P < .001). Conclusion: Pain, range of motion, and function all significantly improved after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair using the suture-bridge technique, regardless of the presence of diabetes. However, sustained hyperglycemia increased the possibility of anatomic failure at the repaired cuff. In diabetic patients, an effective glycemic control was associated with better rate of healing after rotator cuff repair.
Home-based training to improve manual dexterity in patients with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kamm Christian P , Mattle Heinrich P , Müri René M , Heldner Mirjam R , Blatter Verena , Bartlome Sandrine , Lüthy Judith , Imboden Debora , Pedrazzini Giovanna , Bohlhalter Stephan , Hilfiker Roger , Vanbellingen Tim 
Published: January 2015

Background: Impaired manual dexterity is frequent and disabling in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), affecting activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a standardized, home-based training program to improve manual dexterity and dexterity-related ADL in MS patients. Methods: This was a randomized, rater-blinded controlled trial. Thirty-nine MS patients acknowledging impaired manual dexterity and having a pathological Coin Rotation Task (CRT), Nine Hole Peg Test (9HPT) or both were randomized 1:1 into two standardized training programs, the dexterity training program and the theraband training program. Patients trained five days per week in both programs over a period of 4 weeks. Primary outcome measures performed at baseline and after 4 weeks were the CRT, 9HPT and a dexterous-related ADL questionnaire. Secondary outcome measures were the Chedoke Arm and Hand Activity Inventory (CAHAI-8) and the JAMAR test. Results: The dexterity training program resulted in significant improvements in almost all outcome measures at study end compared with baseline. The theraband training program resulted in mostly non-significant improvements. Conclusion: The home-based dexterity training program significantly improved manual dexterity and dexterity-related ADL in moderately disabled MS patients. Trial Registration NCT01507636.
Cell-specific effects in different immune subsets associated with SOCS1 genotypes in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Lopez de Lapuente Aitzkoa , Pinto-Medel María Jesús , Astobiza Ianire , Alloza Iraide , Comabella Manuel , Malhotra Sunny , Montalban Xavier , Zettl Uwe K , Rodríguez-Antigüedad Alfredo , Fernández Oscar , Vandenbroeck Koen 
Published: January 2015

Background: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near SOCS1 are associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), but the most important SNPs in the area and mechanisms by which they influence the disease are unknown. Methods: A haplotype-tagging association study was performed covering 60.5kbp around SOCS1, and the index SNP was validated in a total of 2292 individuals. mRNA expression of SOCS1 and nearby genes was measured in MS patients with different disease courses and healthy controls. SOCS1 protein expression was studied by flow cytometry in a separate cohort of patients and controls. Differentiation and maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) were also studied. Results: One SNP, rs423674, reached genome-wide significance. No genotype-specific mRNA expression differences were seen, but, by flow cytometry, significant interactions were observed between genotypes for rs423674 and disease activity (relapse or remission) in B cells and regulatory T cells. Furthermore, homozygotes for the risk allele (GG) showed higher levels of CD1a and CD86 than carriers of the protective allele (GT) in immature moDCs and a greater increase of HLA-DR+ cell percentage than GT heterozygotes upon maturation. Conclusions: rs423674, or its genetic proxies, may influence MS risk by modulating SOCS1 expression in a cell-specific manner and by influencing dendritic cell function.
Optimal time for manipulation of frozen shoulder may be between 6 and 9 months
Authors: Vastamäki H. , Varjonen L. , Vastamäki M. 
Published: January 2015

Background and Aims: Idiopathic frozen shoulder can be successfully treated conservatively. Manipulation under anesthesia, in randomized controlled studies, has proven to bring no additional benefit to other treatments. However, manipulation under anesthesia still is a used method mainly among patients with unbearable pain or too longstanding restriction of shoulder motion. Manipulation under anesthesia may lead to significant improvement in shoulder motion and function. However, the best timing for manipulation under anesthesia is still unclear. We therefore investigated whether timing of manipulation under anesthesia has influence on the results of manipulation under anesthesia, concerning range of motion, pain, and function. Material and Methods: We followed 57 patients (65 shoulders; 31 in women) at 2–14 years after manipulation under anesthesia evaluating range of motion, pain, and function. Their mean age at manipulation under anesthesia was 54.0 years. A total of 10 patients had diabetes. The time between the onset of symptoms and manipulation averaged 8.8 months. We formed two groups, those mobilized between 6 and 9 months after the onset of symptoms (Group A, 25 shoulders), and the others (Group B, 40 shoulders). We recorded visual analog scale pain, range of motion, Simple Shoulder Test, and Constant–Murley scores. Results: Patients manipulated between 6 and 9 months after the onset of symptoms had significantly better abduction and external rotation, less pain at rest and at night, and better Simple Shoulder Test than the others. Conclusions: It seems that timing has statistically significant influence on results of manipulation of the idiopathic frozen shoulder. The best time for manipulation under anesthesia, if non-operative treatment has failed to alleviate pain or limitation of shoulder motion is too cumbersome, might be between 6 and 9 months from the onset of the symptoms. However, the clinical importance of results can be questioned.
Comparison of venous and HePTFE tibial and peroneal bypasses in critical limb ischemia patients unsuitable for endovascular revascularization
Authors: Uhl Christian , Hock Carolin , Betz Thomas , Greindl Markus , Töpel Ingolf , Steinbauer Markus 
Published: January 2015

Background We examined short- and long-term outcomes of tibial and peroneal venous and heparin-bonded expanded polytetrafluoroethylene bypasses in patients with critical limb ischemia who were unsuitable for endovascular revascularization. Methods A retrospective analysis was done for all patients who underwent tibial and peroneal bypass surgery in our department between October 2007 and October 2012. Vein was the preferred graft material and used whenever possible. Results One hundred and ninety-eight crural grafts were included. Indications for the surgery were rest pain (30.3%) or ulcer or gangrene (69.7%). Autologous veins were used in 109 cases (vein group) and heparin-bonded expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts were used in 89 cases (heparin-bonded expanded polytetrafluoroethylene group). At three years, primary patency for the vein group was 68.2% versus 34.1% for the heparin-bonded expanded polytetrafluoroethylene group ( P = .000) and secondary patency was 69.8% versus 35.5% ( P = .001). Limb salvage was 81.8% for the vein group versus 56.5% for the heparin-bonded expanded polytetrafluoroethylene group ( P = .000) and survival was 62.8% versus 46.7% ( P = .019). Conclusions The results of our study show that autologous vein grafts are still first choice for tibial and peroneal bypasses in patients with critical limb ischemia. If no adequate vein is available, heparin-bonded expanded polytetrafluoroethylene bypasses are an acceptable alternative to an otherwise impending major amputation.
Both platelet- and endothelial cell–derived ERp5 support thrombus formation in a laser-induced mouse model of thrombosis
Authors: Passam Freda H. , Lin Lin , Gopal Srila , Stopa Jack D. , Bellido-Martin Lola , Huang Mingdong , Furie Barbara C. , Furie Bruce 
Published: January 2015

Key PointsERp5, like its family members PDI and ERp57, accumulates at sites of vessel wall injury. Both platelets and endothelium secrete ERp5 on activation and contribute ERp5 necessary for thrombus formation in vivo.
An international consortium proposal of uniform response criteria for myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) in adults
Authors: Savona Michael R. , Malcovati Luca , Komrokji Rami , Tiu Ramon V. , Mughal Tariq I. , Orazi Attilio , Kiladjian Jean-Jacques , Padron Eric , Solary Eric , Tibes Raoul , Itzykson Raphael , Cazzola Mario , Mesa Ruben , Maciejewski Jaroslaw , Fenaux Pierre , Garcia-Manero Guillermo , Gerds Aaron , Sanz Guillermo , Niemeyer Charlotte M. , Cervantes Francisco , Germing Ulrich , Cross Nicholas C. P. , List Alan F. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are hematologically diverse stem cell malignancies sharing phenotypic features of both myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative neoplasms. There are currently no standard treatment recommendations for most adult patients with MDS/MPN. To optimize efforts to improve the management and disease outcomes, it is essential to identify meaningful clinical and biologic end points and standardized response criteria for clinical trials. The dual dysplastic and proliferative features in these stem cell malignancies define their uniqueness and challenges. We propose response assessment guidelines to harmonize future clinical trials with the principal objective of establishing suitable treatment algorithms. An international panel comprising laboratory and clinical experts in MDS/MPN was established involving 3 independent academic MDS/MPN workshops (March 2013, December 2013, and June 2014). These recommendations are the result of this collaborative project sponsored by the MDS Foundation.
NH3-treated WO3 as low-cost and efficient counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Song Dandan , Chen Zhao , Cui Peng , Li Meicheng , Zhao Xing , Li Yaoyao , Chu Lihua 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
A novel low-cost and efficient counter electrode (CE) was obtained by treating catalytic inert tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanomaterial in NH3 atmosphere at elevated temperatures. The formation of tungsten oxynitride from WO3 after NH3 treatment, as evidenced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, increases the catalytic activity of the CE. Correspondingly, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the DSC is significantly increased from 0.9% for pristine WO3 CE to 5.9% for NH3-treated WO3 CE. The photovoltaic performance of DSC using NH3-treated WO3 CE is comparable to that of DSC using standard Pt CE (with a PCE of 6.0%). In addition, it is also shown that NH3 treatment is more efficient than H2 or N2 treatment in enhancing the catalytic performance of WO3 CE. This work highlights the potential of NH3-treated WO3 for the application in DSCs and provides a facile method to get highly efficient and low-cost CEs from catalytic inert metal oxides.
Nanosphere-in-a-nanoegg: damping the high-order modes induced by symmetry breaking
Authors: Qian Jun , Sun Yi-Ding , Li Yu-Dong , Xu Jing-Jun , Sun Qian 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
We study the optical properties of the nanosphere-in-a-nanoegg structure (NSNE) by the three-dimensional finite difference time domain method. We demonstrate the suppression of the high-order plasmon modes in NSNE, which is induced by the plasmon interaction between the inner nanosphere and the outer nanoegg shell. A two-layer plasmon hybridization model is presented to explain this mechanism. The results we showed for plasmon mode suppression would be important to the design of the metal plasmonic devices. In addition, due to high tunable plasmon resonances in the near-infrared region (700 to 1,300 nm) with sub-100-nm size, NSNE can serve as a good substitute for the Au-silica-Au multilayer nanoshells in biological applications. Furthermore, compared with the Au-silica-Au nanoshells, NSNE has the advantage that the strong field enhancement can be achieved at the outer surface of the Au shell.
Axially connected nanowire core-shell p-n junctions: a composite structure for high-efficiency solar cells
Authors: Wang Sijia , Yan Xin , Zhang Xia , Li Junshuai , Ren Xiaomin 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
A composite nanostructure for high-efficiency solar cells that axially connects nanowire core-shell p-n junctions is proposed. By axially connecting the p-n junctions in one nanowire, the solar spectrum is separated and absorbed in the top and bottom cells with respect to the wavelength. The unique structure of nanowire p-n junctions enables substantial light absorption along the nanowire and efficient radial carrier separation and collection. A coupled three-dimensional optoelectronic simulation is used to evaluate the performance of the structure. With an excellent current matching, a promising efficiency of 19.9% can be achieved at a low filling ratio of 0.283 (the density of the nanowire array), which is much higher than the tandem axial p-n junctions.
Variant interpretation through Bayesian fusion of frequency and genomic knowledge
Authors: Shaw Chad A , Campbell Ian M 
Published: January 2015

AbstractVariant interpretation is a central challenge in genomic medicine. A recent study demonstrates the power of Bayesian statistical approaches to improve interpretation of variants in the context of specific genes and syndromes. Such Bayesian approaches combine frequency (in the form of observed genetic variation in cases and controls) with biological annotations to determine a probability of pathogenicity. These Bayesian approaches complement other efforts to catalog human variation.See related Research; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13073-014-0120-4
Occupational risk factors for hip osteoarthritis are associated with early hip structural abnormalities: a 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging study of community-based adults
Authors: Teichtahl Andrew J , Smith Sam , Wang Yuanyuan , Wluka Anita E , O’Sullivan Richard , Giles Graham G , Cicuttini Flavia M 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Occupational exposure to heavy lifting and stair climbing are associated with radiographic hip osteoarthritis (OA). This study examined whether these activities are associated with early structural hip joint changes in a community-based population.

Methods
In total, 198 community-based people with no history of hip disease, including OA, had 3.0 T-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess hip cartilage volume, defects and bone marrow lesions (BMLs). Recall of occupational exposure to heavy lifting and stair climbing aged 18 to 30 years and in the previous 10 years were collected. A persistence score was defined as exposure at neither time point (0), at one time point (1) or at both time points (2).

Results
Exposure to heavy lifting when aged 18 to 30 years was associated with BMLs of the central superolateral femoroacetabular region (odds ratio (OR) 3.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6 to 9.8, P <0.01), with persistence score associated with cartilage defects in the central superolateral region of the femoral head (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.0 to 2.5, P = 0.04). Exposure to stair climbing aged 18 to 30 years and persistence score were associated with an increased risk of cartilage defects in the central superolateral femoral head and BMLs in the central superolateral and posterior femoroacetabular regions (OR range 2.1 to 3.2, all P ≤0.03).

Conclusions
Occupational exposure to heavy lifting and stair climbing are associated with hip structural abnormalities. If confirmed by longitudinal data, such associations may explain how occupational activities affect the hip joint and may identify new targets for the prevention of hip OA.
Energy-efficient stable routing using QoS monitoring agents in MANET
Authors: Palaniappan Senthilnathan , Chellan Kalaiarasan 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
In mobile ad hoc network (MANET), the most important issue is to provide a stable and reliable route for the uninterrupted communication. In order to overcome these issues, in this paper, we propose a stable and energy-efficient routing technique. In the proposed method, quality of service (QoS) monitoring agents collect and calculate the link reliability metrics such as link expiration time (LET), probabilistic link reliable time (PLRT), link packet error rate (LPER) and link received signal strength (LRSS). In addition, residual battery power (RBP) is implemented to maintain the energy efficiency in the network. Finally, route selection probability (RSP) is calculated based on these estimated parameters using fuzzy logic. Simulation results show that the proposed routing technique improves the packet delivery ratio and reduces the energy consumption.