bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole body, regional fat accumulation, and appetite‐related hormonal response after hypoxic training
Authors: Morishima Takuma , Kurihara Toshiyuki , Hamaoka Takafumi , Goto Kazushige 
Published: July 2013

SummaryThe present study was conducted to determine change in regional fat accumulation and appetite‐related hormonal response following hypoxic training. Twenty sedentary subjects underwent hypoxic (n = 9, HYPO, FiO2 = 15%) or normoxic training (n = 11, NOR, FiO2 = 20·9%) during a 4‐week period (3 days per week). They performed a 4‐week training at 55% of maximal oxygen uptake (O2max) for each condition. Before and after the training period, O2max, whole body fat mass, abdominal fat area, intramyocellular lipid content (IMCL), fasting and postprandial appetite‐related hormonal responses were determined. Both groups showed a significant increase in O2max following training (P<0·05). Whole body and segmental fat mass, abdominal fat area, IMCL did not change in either group. Fasting glucose and insulin concentrations significantly reduced in both groups (P<0·05). Although area under the curve for the postprandial blood glucose concentrations significantly decreased in both groups (P<0·05), the change was significantly greater in the HYPO group than in the NOR group (P<0·05). Changes in postprandial plasma ghrelin were similar in both groups. A significant reduction of postprandial leptin response was observed in both groups (P<0·05), while postprandial glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) concentrations increased significantly in the NOR group only (P<0·05). In conclusion, hypoxic training for 4 weeks resulted in greater improvement in glucose tolerance without loss of whole body fat mass, abdominal fat area or IMCL. However, hypoxic training did not have synergistic effect on the regulation of appetite‐related hormones.
Validity and reliability of an ultrasound system for estimating adipose tissue
Authors: Loenneke Jeremy P. , Barnes Jeremy T. , Wagganer Jason D. , Wilson Jacob M. , Lowery Ryan P. , Green Cody E. , Pujol Thomas J. 
Published: July 2013

SummaryWhen health professionals measure the fitness levels of clients, body composition is usually estimated. In field settings, body composition is commonly estimated with skinfolds or bioelectrical impedance analysis. Recently, a portable ultrasound device has been manufactured to estimate what percentage of body mass is composed of adipose tissue (AT%). A reported advantage of using ultrasound is that inter‐ and intrarater variations may be minimized when compared with the skinfold technique. Therefore, the purpose of this pilot study was twofold; 1) to determine the validity of a portable ultrasound device compared with skinfolds and 2) determine the reliability of the portable ultrasound device. Participants had their measurements taken in the following order: urine specific gravity, body mass, height, skinfolds and ultrasound determined. Participants had their urine specific gravity and ultrasound determined AT% estimates measured again 48 h later. The current pilot study found that the ultrasound was not a valid estimate of AT% when compared with the skinfold estimate (TE > 4%). In addition, the 1‐site estimate from the ultrasound was more reliable than the 3‐site estimate of AT%. These data are of importance to practitioners because it demonstrates that while the ultrasound is not a valid estimate compared with skinfolds, the 1‐site estimate may be able to track changes in AT% over time, making the ultrasound an option for assessing changes in body composition.
The effect of donor‐recipient gender mismatch on short‐ and long‐term graft survival in kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhou Jing‐Yi , Cheng Jun , Huang Hong‐Feng , Shen Yi , Jiang Yan , Chen Jiang‐Hua 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundThere is no limitation of gender matching in renal transplantation. This study was intended to evaluate its effect on short‐ and long‐term graft survival.MethodsPubMed, the Web of Knowledge, Medline, the Cochrane Library, and two additional Chinese databases were searched. The data were then abstracted and meta‐analyzed.Results14 studies involving 445 279 patients were included. Each study reported data on the four gender matches (male donor‐male recipient, MDMR; male donor‐female recipient, MDFR; female donor‐male recipient, FDMR; female donor‐female recipient, FDFR). The pooled risk ratios (RRs) for 0.5‐, 1‐, 2‐, 3‐, 5‐, and 10‐yr graft survival rates showed that the FDMR group had the worst outcomes, and when recipients were female, short‐term graft survival was worse, but long‐term graft survival was better. The differences between groups changed with time.ConclusionsFDMR patients showed poor graft survival. The female recipients had worse short‐term graft survival but the best long‐term graft survival. This study introduces an important consideration into donor‐recipient matching in renal transplantation.
Cutaneous side effects of combined therapy with sorafenib and pegylated interferon alpha‐2b in metastatic melanoma (phase II DeCOG trial)
Authors: Degen Annette , Weichenthal Michael , Ugurel Selma , Trefzer Uwe , Kilian Katharina , Garbe Claus , Egberts Friederike , Poppe Lìdia Marilia , Hauschild Axel , Gutzmer Ralf 
Published: July 2013

SummaryBackground and objectivesDuring a clinical study with combined therapy of sorafenib and pegylated interferon alpha‐2b (SoraPeg study) of the German Dermatologic Oncology Group (ADO/DeCOG), multiple and severe cutaneous side effects were observed. This study sought to analyze these cutaneous side effects, particularly because future studies with combinations of interferon alpha and targeted therapies are planned.Patients and methodsIn a multicenter phase‐II‐DeCOG study (NCT00623402) in 10 dermato‐oncology centers, 55 patients with metastatic melanoma received a combination of sorafenib (2 x 400 mg/day orally) and pegylated interferon alpha‐2b (3 μg/kg body weight 1 x/week subcutaneously). All cutaneous side effects were documented.ResultsForty‐one patients (74.5 %) developed cutaneous side effects, particularly exanthems (51.2 %), hand‐foot syndrome (36.5 %), alopecia (36.5 %) and pruritus (24.4 %). Due to the cutaneous side effects, dose reductions were required in 10 patients, interruption of therapy in 10 cases and permanent discontinuation of therapy and in one patient with extensive follicular‐cystic lesions. Exanthems were seen more frequently in women (76.2 %) than in men (23.8 %). The occurrence of cutaneous side effects was not correlated with clinical outcome or prognosis.ConclusionsThe combination of sorafenib/pegylated interferon alpha‐2b caused more cutaneous side effects than have been reported for single agents. Despite intensive dermatologic management of the cutaneous side effects 24 % of patients required a dose modification.
Rapid hippocampal network adaptation to recurring synchronous activity – a role for calcineurin
Authors: Casanova J. R. , Nishimura M. , Le J. , Lam T. T. , Swann J. W. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractNeuronal networks are thought to gradually adapt to altered neuronal activity over many hours and days. For instance, when activity is increased by suppressing synaptic inhibition, excitatory synaptic transmission is reduced. The underlying compensatory cellular and molecular mechanisms are thought to contribute in important ways to maintaining normal network operations. Seizures, due to their massive and highly synchronised discharging, probably challenge the adaptive properties of neurons, especially when seizures are frequent and intense – a condition common in early childhood. In the experiments reported here, we used rat and mice hippocampal slice cultures to explore the effects that recurring seizure‐like activity has on the developing hippocampus. We found that developing networks adapted rapidly to recurring synchronised activity in that the duration of seizure‐like events was reduced by 42% after 4 h of activity. At the same time, the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents in pyramidal cells, the expression of biochemical biomarkers for glutamatergic synapses and the branching of pyramidal cell dendrites were all dramatically reduced. Experiments also showed that the reduction in N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor subunits and postsynaptic density protein 95 expression were N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor‐dependent. To explore calcium signaling mechanisms in network adaptation, we tested inhibitors of calcineurin, a protein phosphatase known to play roles in synaptic plasticity and activity‐dependent dendrite remodeling. We found that FK506 was able to prevent all of the electrophysiological, biochemical, and anatomical changes produced by synchronised network activity. Our results show that hippocampal pyramidal cells and their networks adapt rapidly to intense synchronised activity and that calcineurin play an important role in the underlying processes.
Expression of cyclo‐oxygenases‐1 and ‐2, and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase‐1 in penile and preputial papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas in the horse
Authors: van den Top J. G. B. , Harkema L. , Ensink J. M. , Barneveld A. , Martens A. , van de Lest C. H. A. , van Weeren P. R. , Gröne A. 
Published: July 2013

SummaryReasons for performing studyPenile and preputial papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are commonly diagnosed in horses. Papillomas have the potential to progress to potentially lethal SCC. Knowledge of pathogenetic mechanisms may help in prevention and definition of treatment targets.Study designRetrospective study using archived material.ObjectivesTo determine the expression of cyclo‐oxygenase 1 (COX‐1), cyclo‐oxygenase 2 (COX‐2) and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase‐1 (mPGES‐1) in penile and preputial normal tissue, papilloma and SCC in horses, and whether expression of these enzymes is influenced by degree of inflammation and differentiation grade.MethodsTumour differentiation grade, degree of inflammation and COX‐1, COX‐2 and mPGES‐1 expression in 75 formalin‐fixed paraffin embedded samples of penile and preputial papilloma and SCC of 68 horses were investigated by histopathology and immunohistochemistry.ResultsInflammation was more prominent in SCC compared with papilloma. No correlation between expression of COX‐1 or COX‐2 and inflammation was found. Expression of mPGES‐1 was weakly correlated with inflammation. Expression of COX‐1, COX‐2 and mPGES‐1 was found in 42.6%, 50.7% and 96.0% of lesions respectively, but less than 1% of cells were immunopositive for COX‐1 and COX‐2 in 59.4% and 84.2% of cases respectively. Expression of COX‐1 was moderately negatively correlated with differentiation grade, COX‐2 was not correlated and mPGES‐1 was poorly negatively correlated.ConclusionsExpression of COX‐1 and COX‐2 in penile and preputial SCC in the horse is poor and COX inhibitors may thus be of little value for prevention or treatment. Microsomal PGES‐1 is more prominently expressed in well‐differentiated tissue compared with poorly differentiated tissue. Further research on the role of mPGES‐1 in carcinogenesis is needed to assess its potential use as a treatment target. Knowledge of arachidonic pathway enzyme expression and their role in equine penile and preputial carcinogenesis may help in developing preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Geology, fluid inclusion, and isotope constraints on ore genesis of the Neoproterozoic Jinshan orogenic gold deposit, South China
Authors: Zhao C. , Ni P. , Wang G.‐G. , Ding J.‐Y. , Chen H. , Zhao K.‐D. , Cai Y.‐T. , Xu Y.‐F. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe Jinshan gold deposit is located in the Neoproterozoic Jiangnan orogen between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks. Gold‐bearing disseminated ores are associated with the earlier stage of NWW‐trending ductile zone, and auriferous quartz vein‐type ores show an intimate relationship with the later stage of NE‐trending brittle‐ductile zones. Fluid‐inclusion studies were conducted on the quartz veins. Three types of fluid inclusions can be identified: H2O–CO2 inclusions (type I), CO2‐rich inclusions (type II), and aqueous inclusions (type III). The pre‐ore stage, quartz‐pyrite veins primarily contain type I inclusions with constant CO2 bubble volumetric proportions. The main gold mineralization‐stage veins have all three types of inclusions with variable gas‐phase ratios and CO2 contents. The post‐ore stage carbonate±chlorite veinlets only contain type III inclusions. Type I inclusions in the pre‐ore stage display homogenization temperatures (Th) of 285–340°C, with salinities of 1.4–6.1 wt.% NaCl equivalent. In the main gold mineralization stage, type II and III inclusions show similar Th at 208–277°C, but contrasting salinity values with 0.6–3.6 and 3.5–8.9 wt.% NaCl equivalent, and type I inclusions show variable CO2‐phase proportions and have Th of 241–292°C and salinities of 1.0–7.0 wt.% NaCl equivalent. In the post‐ore stage, type III inclusions yield Th of 109–201°C and salinities of 1.1–6.4 wt.% NaCl equivalent. Petrological observations and microthermometric results show that fluid immiscibility primarily occurred during the gold mineralization stages. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions (δ18 O = +6.9‰ to +11.2‰, δD = −71‰ to −46‰) of inclusion water in quartz grains imply that ore fluids were principally metamorphic in origin. The sulfur and lead values of sulfide from the ores are analogous to those from the basement strata, suggesting a predominantly crustal source of the ore sulfides. The Jinshan deposit is a typical orogenic gold deposit.
Dose–response meta‐analysis on coffee, tea and caffeine consumption with risk of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Qi Hui , Li Shixue 
Published: July 2013

AimsA dose–response meta‐analysis was carried out between Parkinson's disease (PD) risk, and coffee, tea and caffeine consumption.MethodsA comprehensive search was carried out to identify eligible studies. The fixed or random effect model was used based on heterogeneity test. The dose–response relationship was assessed by restricted cubic spline.ResultsA total of 13 articles involving 901 764 participants for coffee, eight articles involving 344 895 participants for tea and seven articles involving 492 724 participants for caffeine were included. A non‐linear relationship was found between coffee consumption and PD risk overall, and the strength of protection reached the maximum at approximately 3 cups/day (smoking‐adjusted relative risk: 0.72, 95% confidence interval 0.65–0.81). A linear relationship was found between tea and caffeine consumption, and PD risk overall, and the smoking‐adjusted risk of PD decreased by 26% and 17% for every two cups/day and 200 mg/day increments, respectively. The association of coffee and tea consumption with PD risk was stronger for men than that for women, and the association of caffeine consumption with PD risk was stronger for ever users of hormones than that for never users of hormones among postmenopausal women. The aforementioned associations were weaker for USA relative to Europe or Asia.ConclusionsA linear dose‐relationship for decreased PD risk with tea and caffeine consumption was found, whereas the strength of protection reached a maximum at approximately 3 cups/day for coffee consumption overall. Further studies are required to confirm the findings. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2014; 14: 430–439.
Examination of Unmet Treatment Needs Among Persons With Episodic Migraine: Results of the American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention (AMPP) Study
Authors: Lipton Richard B. , Buse Dawn C. , Serrano Daniel , Holland Starr , Reed Michael L. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundDespite the expanding therapeutic armamentarium, many people with episodic migraine (EM) have unmet acute treatment needs.ObjectiveTo determine the relative frequency of prespecified types of “unmet treatment needs” in persons with EM in a US population‐based sample.MethodsEligible participants completed the 2009 American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention Study survey and met International Classification of Headache Disorders‐2nd edition (ICHD‐2) criteria for migraine with an average headache day frequency of <15 days per month (EM). We identified 5 domains of unmet treatment needs: (1) dissatisfaction with current acute treatment using 3 summary items from the Patient Perception of Migraine Questionnaire‐revised edition (PPMQ‐R); (2) moderate or severe headache‐related disability defined by a Migraine Disability Assessment Scale score of ≥11; (3) excessive use of opioids or barbiturates defined as use on ≥4 days/month or by meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders‐4th edition criteria for dependence; (4) recurrent use of the emergency department or urgent care clinic for headache defined by ≥2 visits in the preceding year for headache; and (5) history of cardiovascular events indicating a possible contraindication to triptan use. For each respondent, we identified their unmet treatment needs in each category and classified them as having no unmet needs or 1 or more unmet needs.ResultsOf 5591 respondents with EM, 2274 (40.7%) had 1 or more unmet needs; 1467 (26.2%) had exactly 1 unmet need, and 807 (14.4%) had 2 or more unmet needs. Among those with at least 1 unmet need, 1069 (47.0%) had moderate or severe headache‐related disability, 851 (37.4%) were dissatisfied with their acute treatment regimen, 728 (32.0%) had excessive opioid or barbiturate use and/or probable dependence, 595 (26.2%) had a history of cardiovascular events, and 129 (5.7%) reported ≥2 visits in the preceding year to the emergency department/urgent care clinic for headache. Persons with more headache days, depression, or generalized anxiety were more likely to have unmet treatment needs.ConclusionIn a population sample of individuals with EM, more than 40% have at least 1 unmet need in the area of acute treatment. The leading reasons for unmet needs, which include headache‐related disability and dissatisfaction with current acute treatment, suggest opportunities for improving outcomes for persons with EM.
Clinical profile of primary biliary cirrhosis with features of autoimmune hepatitis: Importance of corticosteroid therapy
Authors: Yoshioka Youko , Taniai Makiko , Hashimoto Etsuko , Haruta Ikuko , Shiratori Keiko 
Published: July 2013

AimThe aim of this study was to elucidate the clinical and histological features, response to corticosteroid therapy and long‐term outcome of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) with features of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).MethodsAmong 280 PBC patients under ursodeoxycholic acid administration, we identified 28 patients with AIH features fulfilling the following criteria: sustained high levels of serum aminotransferases and high immunoglobulin G levels with positivity for antinuclear antibodies or anti‐smooth muscle antibodies (ASMA) and/or histological features of moderate to severe interface hepatitis or moderate to severe lobular hepatitis. We analyzed PBC patients with AIH features, focusing mainly on therapeutic responses to corticosteroids.ResultsPatients with PBC with AIH features included 26 women (93%). Their median age was 55 years, and the median follow‐up period was 7.5 years. Eight of these 28 patients were not actually treated with corticosteroids due to medical conditions. Among the 20 patients receiving corticosteroid therapy, 15 were responders and five were non‐responders. A high alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level, negativity for ASMA and positivity for gp210 were identified as risk factors for lack of a response to corticosteroid therapy. Among 28 PBC patients with AIH features, the responders to corticosteroids had an excellent prognosis, while those who could not be treated with corticosteroids and non‐responders to corticosteroids had a poor outcome.ConclusionPatients with PBC with AIH features benefit from corticosteroid therapy. Features of PBC such as high ALP level, negativity for ASMA and positivity for gp210 appear to predict a poor response to corticosteroids.
Do patients with mild to moderate psoriasis really have a sedentary lifestyle?
Authors: Demirel Reha , Genc Abdurrahman , Ucok Kagan , Kacar Seval Dogruk , Ozuguz Pinar , Toktas Muhsin , Sener Umit , Karabacak Hatice , Karaca Semsettin 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare aerobic exercise capacity, daily physical activity, pulmonary functions, resting metabolic rate, and body composition parameters in patients with psoriasis and healthy controls. A total of 60 participants (30 [15 men, 15 women] patients with psoriasis, and 30 [15 men, 15 women] healthy controls) ranging in age from 22–57 were included in the study. Maximal aerobic capacity was determined by Astrand exercise protocol. Daily physical activity was measured with an accelerometer. Resting metabolic rate was determined with an indirect calorimeter. Pulmonary function tests were performed with a portable spirometer. Body composition was established with a bioelectric impedance analysis system. Skinfold thicknesses and body circumference measurements were carried out. Short Form 36 quality of life questionnaire was applied to all participants. In both genders, daily physical activity parameters were found to be higher in the psoriasis group compared to the control. Maximal aerobic capacity, resting metabolic rate, pulmonary function tests, body fatness, body fat distributions, and quality of life were not statistically different between patients with psoriasis and controls in males and females. We suggest that patients with psoriasis who do not have psoriatic arthritis or severe psoriasis are well in performing daily physical activities. In addition, we suggest that this lifestyle helped to prevent impairments of body fatness, body fat distributions, resting metabolic rate, pulmonary functions, and quality of life in patients with mild to moderate psoriasis.
Comparison of analytical methods for measuring proanthocyanidins in wines and their relationship with perceived astringency
Authors: Cáceres‐Mella Alejandro , Peña‐Neira Álvaro , Narváez‐Bastias Jaime , Jara‐Campos Carla , López‐Solís Remigio , Canals Joan M. 
Published: July 2013

SummaryThe concentration of proanthocyanidins from twenty red wines from cv. Cabernet Sauvignon, five rosé wines from cv. Cabernet Sauvignon and five white wines from cv. Sauvignon Blanc was quantified using four analytical methodologies, and their relationship with the perceived astringency was investigated. Proanthocyanidin concentrations were determined by a methylcellulose precipitation assay, a protein precipitation assay and two colourimetric methods (Bate‐Smith and vanillin assay). The four methodologies showed high repeatability but differed widely in proanthocyanidin concentrations. The methylcellulose and protein precipitation assays could not quantify proanthocyanidins in rosé and white wines. The protein precipitation assay gave the lowest concentration of proanthocyanidins in all of the red wines. The methylcellulose precipitation assay (r = 0.7725; r2 = 0.59) and the protein precipitation assay (r = 0.6828; r2 = 0.47) showed a strong correlation with the perceived astringency compared with the colourimetric methods. The strong correlation of the methylcellulose precipitation method with the perceived astringency could be a useful tool to estimate red wine astringency.