bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embedded Catheters: Minimizing Excessive Embedment Time and Futile Placement While Maintaining Procedure Benefits
Authors: Crabtree John H. , Burchette Raoul J. , Siddiqi Rukhsana A. 
Published: October 2014

Background Embedding peritoneal catheters far in advance of anticipated need may successfully commit patients to their modality choice and reduce central venous catheter use but can be complicated by excessive embedment periods and futile catheter placement. Objective Embedded catheter outcomes were studied to identify factors that minimize inordinate embedment time and futile placement while maintaining procedure benefits. Methods Clinical and laboratory data were examined in 107 patients with embedded catheters that were either externalized, remained embedded, or were futilely placed. Results Externalization of 84 catheters was performed after a median embedment period of 9.4 months. Flow dysfunction occurred in 14.3% of externalized catheters. Overall function rate was 98.8% after laparoscopic revision. One patient changed their mind about modality choice. Except for 1 patient hospitalized acutely in a facility unfamiliar with embedded catheters, none remaining on a peritoneal dialysis pathway initiated dialysis with a central venous catheter. Including catheters with extremely long embedment periods, the incidence of futile placement was 13.1%. Multiple regression analysis identified estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum albumin as the 2 variables best associated with catheter embedment duration (r2 = 0.44, p < 0.0001). Diabetic nephropathy was statistically more likely to be associated with lower serum albumin values ( p < 0.0001); however, no association was noted between diabetic status and embedment duration ( p = 0.62). Conclusions Timing of the embedment procedure should include appraisal of both eGFR and serum albumin. Appropriate consideration of these values together may help minimize excessive embedment periods and decrease futile placements while preserving procedure benefits.
Oral Astaxanthin Supplementation Prevents Peritoneal Fibrosis in Rats
Authors: Wakabayashi Keiichi , Hamada Chieko , Kanda Reo , Nakano Takanori , Io Hiroaki , Horikoshi Satoshi , Tomino Yasuhiko 
Published: October 2014

Background Preventing peritoneal damage during peritoneal dialysis is critical. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have an important role in peritoneal damage; however, few studies have investigated this. We aimed to determine the effects of oral astaxanthin (AST) supplementation in a peritoneal fibrosis (PF) rat model. Methods Thirty-seven Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups: Control 1 (fed a normal diet without stimulation), Control 2 (fed an AST-supplemented diet without stimulation), Group 1 (fed a normal diet with 8% chlorhexidine gluconate [CG] stimulation for 3 weeks), Group 2 (fed a 0.06% AST-supplemented diet with CG stimulation), and Group 3 (fed a 0.06% AST-supplemented diet that was initiated 4 weeks before CG stimulation). Peritoneal fibrosis, vascular proliferation, and fibrosis-related factor expression were examined. Results Peritoneal thickness was significantly suppressed by AST supplementation. Astaxanthin diminished the number of CD68-, 8-hydroxy-2'–deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)-, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)-positive cells. Type 3 collagen, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and MCP-1 mRNA expression was significantly lower in Group 3 than in Group 1. Increased transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and Snail mRNA expression, vascular density, and the number of α–smooth muscle actin (α–SMA)-positive cells were also decreased in Group 3. Conclusion Astaxanthin suppressed PF development through the inhibition of inflammation and oxidation in PF rats. It appears that the anti-oxidative agent AST may be useful for the prevention of peritoneal damage.
Comment rencontrer la maladie d'idéalité de l'adolescence ?
Authors: Braconnier Alain , Costantino Charlotte 
Published: October 2014

Le processus d’adolescence s’accompagne d’une transformation nécessaire des idéaux hérités de l’enfance en des formations d’idéaux secondarisés, porteurs d’espoir et de mouvements mutatifs pour l’adulte en devenir. Du Moi idéal à l’idéal du Moi ? Les auteurs de cet article interrogent ce processus et les achoppements dont témoigne la clinique auprès d’adolescents. Également, ils s’interrogent sur la manière dont peuvent être accompagnés ces adolescents aux prises avec une idéalité tyrannique faute de mieux et utilisée en compensation à la blessure inconsolable que constitue la perte des idéaux infantiles. Quelles postures les professionnels peuvent-ils construire pour une clinique de l’entre-deux ? Quelle écoute leur proposer ?
De la dépendance à la passion en institution gériatrique
Authors: Charazac Pierre-Marie 
Published: October 2014

Les états d’allure psychotique qui apparaissent en ehpad ne sont pas plus d’authentiques maladies mentales que ne l’est la « psychose normale » de la mère partageant la dépendance de son nourrisson. La régression des résidents à la relation duelle primitive s’accompagne d’une gamme de manifestations du désir d’amour allant jusqu’à la folie passionnelle. Chez les soignants, l’engagement simultané dans des relations duelles, essentiellement non verbales, et dans les relations triangulaires verbales de la vie institutionnelle peut se solder par un excès identique dans la gratification ou la frustration. La coexistence ou l’exclusion d’un de ces deux registres affecte également les relations institution-familles.
L'identification narcissique et le soignant dans le travail de soin psychique
Authors: Roussillon René 
Published: October 2014

Dans ce texte, l’auteur expose sa réflexion quant à ce qu’il nomme le « malaise dans la psychiatrie ». Bien souvent inconsciente et quasi automatique, l’identification narcissique de base des soignants vis-à-vis de leurs patients est un élément fondamental de toute action thérapeutique. Le soignant est soumis à une forme de « pénétration agie » dans la relation aux patients aux prises avec des souffrances narcissiques identitaires extrêmes. Néanmoins, certaines défenses contre cette identification peuvent empêcher celle-ci d’être « utilisable » dans le soin, voire entraver les capacités soignantes. L’auteur souligne notamment la nécessité primordiale d’un tiers qui peut prendre différentes formes, dans cette relation. Mais alors, comment s’identifier sans se confondre ?
La question de la séparation psychique chez les enfants placés en institution : les enfants du Soldat rose
Authors: Ydire Cécile , Gaudriault Pierre 
Published: October 2014

Comment les mesures d’assistance éducative des enfants séparés de leur famille d’origine et placés en institution peuvent-elles contribuer au processus de séparation-individuation ? Les auteurs explorent cette question en proposant l’exemple d’enfants placés dans une mecs (maison d’enfants à caractère social) et bénéficiant d’un atelier d’expression. Leur évolution au cours de l’atelier montre un certain développement psychique qui engage aussi bien l’attitude des thérapeutes du groupe que le positionnement de ce groupe dans l’institution.
Contribution de Théodore Flournoy à la découverte de l'inconscient
Authors: Amer Karima 
Published: October 2014

Il s’agit d’envisager la contribution de Théodore Flournoy à la découverte de l’inconscient dans les conditions historiques originales de sa production. Nous nous sommes donc intéressée à la généalogie du concept d’inconscient avant Freud, de façon à introduire et développer les travaux qui, en Suisse romande, ont amené à la découverte d’un inconscient subliminal, créateur et mythopoïétique à la fin du xix e siècle.
Un monde nouveau. L'importance de Oskar Pfister pour la psychanalyse en Suisse
Authors: Noth Isabelle 
Published: October 2014

L’histoire et le développement de la psychanalyse en Suisse sont dans leur début fortement marqués par l’activité des pasteurs de Zurich et du psychanalyste Oskar Pfister. Celui-ci est resté en contact épistolaire avec Sigmund Freud pendant près de trente ans et s’est occupé avec beaucoup d’enthousiasme du mouvement, qui lui apparaissait comme un « monde nouveau » et dans lequel il était fortement engagé. Cependant, Pfister était plus qu’un simple adepte fidèle de Freud, c’était aussi une personnalité qui s’intéressait aux questions techniques et avait son jugement indépendant – éventuellement même en désaccord avec Freud. En témoigne la nouvelle édition de sa correspondance avec ses nombreux documents encore inédits.
Freud et la découverte de la sexualité infantile, ou du bon usage de l'observation
Authors: Kamieniak Jean-Pierre 
Published: October 2014

Si Freud est prédisposé à l’observation, c’est par un renoncement à la fascination qu’elle exerce qu’il pourra construire sa méthode afin que, armé alors de ses outils théorico-cliniques et de son appareillage conceptuel, il puisse y faire retour et voir alors ce qui toujours se dérobe au regard : la sexualité infantile. C’est le cheminement freudien menant à cette découverte qui se voit restitué ici.
Taxonomic status of <i>Pelargonium reniforme</i> Curt.
Authors: Victor Janine E. , Aphane Mmamphe 
Published: October 2014

Background: Pelargonium reniforme Curt. is a morphologically variable species that many authors have attempted to split or combine. Confusion relating to the differences between the two subspecies currently included under P. reniforme has impeded attempts to assess their conservation status. Pelargonium reniforme is closely related to Pelargonium sidoides; the two species are indistinguishable when not flowering and their distributions overlap in some areas.Objectives: With this study, we aimed to clarify the taxonomic status of the two subspecies of P. reniforme, which has relevance in terms of their conservation status.Method: Leaf shape, petiole length, internode length and flower colour were assessed by studying herbarium specimens of the two subspecies of P. reniforme and specimens of P. sidoides. Living specimens of the two subspecies were also examined in their natural habitat.Results: The current investigation showed that the morphological characters used to distinguish the two subspecies of P. reniforme are too variable to separate them. Variation in some morphological characters may be related to environmental conditions.Conclusion: The recognition of the two subspecies of P. reniforme as distinct taxa is no longer justified.
Imaging the Sport of Golf – Envisioning Communities
Authors: Ivan Emese 
Published: October 2014

Hungary also has seen a tremendous increase in quality golf facilities in the last decade. The sport of golf – including golf tourism – in Hungary also makes it first moves to be officially (re)unified with its historical partners in Western Europe and in the USA. This paper looks at developments in Hungarian Golf community in the last decades. While focusing on the ongoing economic, financial, and political changes surrounding the Hungarian National Golf Federation, this study also poses some questions. To what extent mushrooming of golf communities could be seen as a result of Europeanization of the country? Is it just a new achievement in PGA America’s global explosion? Can we see it as the benefit of the European Team’s astronomical success at the Ryder Cup tournaments?
Strikt functioneel: over de militaire ervaring met het organiseren van de terugtocht
Authors: Kleistra Yvonne , Klep Christ 
Published: October 2014

Strictly functional: The experiences of the Dutch military with the retreating of forces from international peacekeeping operations and national public cutbacks
The military is generally considered to act as a professional when it comes to retreating forces from military battleground or international conflict areas. At the same time recent national experiences with the withdrawal of national troops from international peacekeeping operations are filled with disappointments and crises. In this article the authors question the idea that these disappointments and crises are simply due to problems of reduced military competence or military morale. They argue that the military is still the alleged expert who knows how to perform military retreats and other military actions. At the same time they show that network-like decision-making structures that are inherent to the deployment of troops in international peacekeeping missions, have become a major obstacle for the military to act in its own right. The lessons that government can learn from the military experience are firstly, that decisions for national public cutbacks should be accompanied by a more in-depth (re)consideration of public (key) tasks than up to now was considered appropriate, and secondly, that more trust should be shown in the skills, knowledge and motivation of professionals to delineate and constrain the boundaries of their own fields of expertise.
Terugtrekken of opzij stappen?
Authors: Binnema Harmen 
Published: October 2014

Retreating or sidestepping?
Various advisory councils for the government advocate a retreat of government. This can take the form of less government, i.e. abandoning certain public tasks, or a more modest government. This retreat of government is said to be necessary to give space to initiatives from society – which are now hampered by policy makers – and because of the failure of both the state and the market to perform public tasks adequately. Yet, it remains to be seen how realistic this call for the retreat of government is. In addition, it is unclear whether this process is already taking place (descriptive) or whether it concerns a desired situation to be achieved in the future (prescriptive). What does a facilitating government actually look like? The advisory rapports discussed in this paper share a thorough line of argumentation analysis which is plausible at first sight. At the same time, they miss out in the practical application for policy makers, they seem to be overly optimistic in their assessment of the role of citizens. Moreover, all advisory councils shy away from making fundamental choices about which tasks governments should discontinue and hand over to societal initiatives.
Taptoe: de echte helden van de terugtocht
Authors: Frissen Paul 
Published: October 2014

The real heroes of retreat
This paper draws some lessons, expected and unexpected, from the different contributions in this special issue on the retreating state. The special issue has shown that the retreat of the retreat of the state is a paradoxical and unequivocal development. The retreat of the state is also accompanied by active forms of central management and policy initiatives. Wider developments in the economy and international politics demonstrate that the state is not, as has often been suggested, obsolete. Disregarding this, however, many citizens are actively involved in shaping a new form of participative society.
An Investigation of the Distribution of Electric Potential and Space Charge in a Silicon Nanowire
Authors: Al-Mufti A. Wesam , Hashim Uda , Rahman Md. Mijanur , Adam Tijjani 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The distribution of electric potential and space charge in a silicon nanowire has been investigated. First, a model of the nanowire is generated taking into consideration the geometry and physics of the nanowire. The physics of the nanowire was modelled by a set of partial differential equations (PDEs) which were solved using the finite element method (FEM). Comprehensive simulation experiments were performed on the model in order to compute the distribution of potential and space charge. We also determined, through simulation, how the characteristic of the nanowire is affected by its dimensions. The characterization of the resulting nanowire, calculated by COMSOL Multiphysics, shows different dimensions and their effect on space charge and electrical potential
Disengagement of HIV‐positive pregnant and postpartum women from antiretroviral therapy services: a cohort study
Authors: Phillips Tamsin , Thebus Elizabeth , Bekker Linda‐Gail , McIntyre James , Abrams Elaine J , Myer Landon 
Published: October 2014

IntroductionRecent international guidelines call for expanded access to triple‐drug antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV‐positive women during pregnancy and postpartum. However, high levels of non‐adherence and/or disengagement from care may attenuate the benefits of ART for HIV transmission and maternal health. We examined the frequency and predictors of disengagement from care among women initiating ART during pregnancy in Cape Town, South Africa.MethodsWe used routine medical records to follow‐up pregnant women initiating ART within prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission of HIV services in Cape Town, South Africa. Outcomes assessed through six months postpartum were (1) disengagement (no attendance within 56 days of a scheduled visit) and (2) missed visits (returning to care 14–56 days late for a scheduled visit).ResultsA total of 358 women (median age, 28 years; median gestational age, 26 weeks) initiated ART during pregnancy. By six months postpartum, 24% of women (n=86) had missed at least one visit and an additional 32% (n=115) had disengaged from care; together, 49% of women had either missed a visit or had disengaged by six months postpartum. Disengagement was more than twice as frequent postpartum compared to in the antenatal period (6.2 vs. 2.4 per 100 woman‐months, respectively; p<0.0001). In a proportional hazards model, later gestational age at initiation (HR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.00–1.07; p=0.030) and being newly diagnosed with HIV (HR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.07–2.33; p=0.022) were significant predictors of disengagement after adjusting for patient age, starting CD4 cell count and site of ART initiation.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that missed visits and disengagement from care occur frequently, particularly post‐delivery, among HIV‐positive women initiating ART during pregnancy. Women who are newly diagnosed with HIV may be particularly vulnerable and there is an urgent need for interventions both to promote retention overall, as well as targeting women newly diagnosed with HIV during pregnancy.
Modeling VIRTIS/VEX O2(a1∆g) nightglow profiles affected by the propagation of gravity waves in the Venus upper mesosphere
Authors: Altieri F. , Migliorini A. , Zasova L. , Shakun A. , Piccioni G. , Bellucci G. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn this work we describe a model of the perturbation of the O2(a1Δg) nightglow limb profiles by the action of gravity waves (GWs) propagating in the Venus' upper atmosphere. Data have been acquired by the Visible and InfraRed Thermal Imaging Spectrometer (VIRTIS) on board the European Space Agency mission Venus Express (VEX). The high variability observed in the shape of the O2(a1Δg) nightglow limb profiles between 80 and 120 km, often characterized by the presence of a double peak, suggests the occurrence of GWs at the considered altitudes. In order to model and derive the GWs properties, we apply to Venus a well‐known theory used to study terrestrial density fluctuations induced by the GWs propagation. The retrieved vertical wavelengths and amplitudes of the waves at the O2(a1Δg) layer altitude (~100 km) are of the order of 7–16 km and 3–14% respectively, complying with wave amplitude threshold for dynamical instability in the majority of the fitted cases. Temperature fluctuations would exceed 40% at higher altitudes (115–120 km) thus inducing either wave breaking or dissipation. Intrinsic horizontal phase velocities are expected to vary in the range 32 m/s and 85 m/s. GWs are detected in a wide range of latitudes from the midlatitudes up to the polar regions, and we cannot exclude existence of the sources of different nature. This study also confirms the high variability induced by the action of GW propagation in the airglow profiles of the terrestrial planets and points out the need for future missions to couple simultaneous complementary GW detection techniques in order to better constrain GW properties and understand their impact on the Venus general circulation.
Temperature reconstructions from tree‐ring densities overestimate volcanic cooling
Authors: Tingley Martin P. , Stine Alexander R. , Huybers Peter 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe fidelity of inferences on volcanic cooling from tree‐ring density records has recently come into question, with competing claims that temperature reconstructions based on tree‐ring records underestimate cooling due to an increased likelihood of missing rings or overestimate cooling due to reduced light availability accentuating the response. Here we test these competing hypotheses in the latitudes poleward of 45°N, using the two eruptions occurring between 1850 and 1960 with large‐scale Northern Hemisphere climatic effects: Novarupta (1912) and Krakatau (1883). We find that tree‐ring densities overestimate postvolcanic cooling with respect to instrumental data (Probability≥0.99), with larger magnitudes of bias where growth is more limited by light availability (Prob.≥0.95). Using a methodology that allows for direct comparisons with instrumental data, our results confirm that high‐latitude tree‐ring densities record not only temperature but also variations in light availability.
Surface current balance and thermoelectric whistler wings at airless astrophysical bodies: Cassini at Rhea
Authors: Teolis B. D. , Sillanpää I. , Waite J. H. , Khurana K. K. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSharp magnetic perturbations found by the Cassini spacecraft at the edge of the Rhea flux tube are consistent with field‐aligned flux tube currents. The current system results from the difference of ion and electron gyroradii and the requirement to balance currents on the sharp Rhea surface. Differential‐type hybrid codes that solve for ion velocity and magnetic field have an intrinsic difficulty modeling the plasma absorber's sharp surface. We overcome this problem by instead using integral equations to solve for ion and electron currents and obtain agreement with the magnetic perturbations at Rhea's flux tube edge. An analysis of the plasma dispersion relations and Cassini data reveals that field‐guided whistler waves initiated by (1) the electron velocity anisotropy in the flux tube and (2) interaction with surface sheath electrostatic waves on topographic scales may facilitate propagation of the current system to large distances from Rhea. Current systems like those at Rhea should occur generally, for plasma absorbers of any size such as spacecraft or planetary bodies, in a wide range of space plasma environments. Motion through the plasma is not essential since the current system is thermodynamic in origin, excited by heat flow into the object. The requirements are a difference of ion and electron gyroradii and a sharp surface, i.e., without a significant thick atmosphere.