bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Significance of Pretreatment Serum Cytokines in Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Marri Preethi Reddy , Hodge Lucy S. , Maurer Matthew J. , Ziesmer Steven C. , Slager Susan L. , Habermann Thomas M. , Link Brian K. , Cerhan James R. , Novak Anne J. , Ansell Stephen M. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Purpose: Although the International Prognostic Score (IPS) is the gold standard for risk-stratifying patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), these criteria do not accurately predict outcome. As cytokines are critically involved in driving cHL, we tested whether pretreatment serum cytokine levels could provide additional prognostic information.
Experimental Design: Thirty cytokines were measured in pretreatment serum from 140 patients with cHL and compared with 50 nonlymphoma controls. Patients were followed for event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS), and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the association of individual cytokines and the cytokine profiles with outcome via unadjusted and IPS-adjusted HR.
Results: Twelve cytokines (EGF, bFGF, G-CSF, HGF, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-2R, IP-10, MIG, TNF-α, and VEGF) were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher in patients with cHL than controls; elevated levels of HGF, IL-6, IL-2R, IP-10, and MIG were all associated with poorer EFS. Only interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R; P = 0.002) and interleukin (IL)-6 (P &lt; 0.001) were independently prognostic. Patients with increased IL-6 and IL-2R had a significantly higher risk of early relapse and death, a finding that remained significant even after IPS-based risk stratification. Although elevated IL-6 and IL-2R correlated with the IPS, soluble CD30 (sCD30), and thymus and activation-related chemokine (TARC) levels, the two-cytokine model remained independently predictive of prognosis.
Conclusions: Elevated pretreatment serum cytokines are associated with increased disease relapse and inferior survival in cHL. Thus, the pretreatment cytokine profile, particularly serum levels of IL-6 and IL-2R, may be used to identify patients with cHL at high risk for early-disease relapse. Clin Cancer Res; 19(24); 6812–9. ©2013 AACR.
Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in the Development of Lung Cancer
Authors: Ortiz Myrna L. , Lu Lily , Ramachandran Indu , Gabrilovich Dmitry I. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are widely implicated in immune suppression associated with tumor progression and chronic inflammation. However, very little is known about their possible role in tumor development. Here, we evaluated the role of MDSC in two experimental models of lung cancer: inflammation-associated lung cancer caused by chemical carcinogen urethane in combination with exposure to cigarette smoke; and a transgenic CC10Tg model not associated with inflammation. Exposure of mice to cigarette smoke alone resulted in significant accumulation in various organs of cells with typical MDSC phenotype (Gr-1+CD11b+). However, these cells lacked immunosuppressive activity and could not be defined as MDSC. When cigarette smoke was combined with a single dose of urethane, it led to the development of tumor lesions in lungs within 4 months. By that time, Gr-1+CD11b+ cells accumulated in the spleen and lung and had potent immunosuppressive activity, and thus could be defined as MDSC. In the CC10Tg model, accumulation of immunosuppressive MDSC was observed only at 4 months of age, after the appearance of tumor lesions in the lungs. Accumulation of MDSC in both models was abrogated in S100A9 knockout mice. This resulted in a dramatic improvement in survival of mice in both models. Thus, cigarette smoke results in the expansion of immature myeloid cells lacking suppressive activity. Accumulation of bona fide MDSC in both models was observed only after the development of tumor lesions. However, MDSC played a major role in tumor progression and survival, which suggests that their targeting may provide clinical benefits in lung cancer. Cancer Immunol Res; 2(1); 50–58. ©2013 AACR.
Primary Radiofrequency Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia Early After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Hsieh Calvin H.C. , Chia Ee-May , Huang Kaimin , Lu Juntang , Barry Michael , Pouliopoulos Jim , Ross David L. , Thomas Stuart P. , Kovoor Pramesh 
Published: October 2013

Background—
Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a significant complication of myocardial infarction. Radiofrequency ablation for postinfarct VT is reserved for drug refractory VT or VT storms. Our hypothesis is that radiofrequency ablation in the early postinfarct period could abolish or diminish late recurrences of VT.

Methods and Results—

Myocardial infarct was induced by balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending artery in 35 sheep. The 25 survivors underwent programmed ventricular stimulation and electroanatomical mapping 8 days postinfarct. Animals with inducible VT (12 out of 25 animals) underwent immediate radiofrequency ablation. Further VT inductions were performed 100 and 200 days postinfarct. At day 8, 3.0±0.9 VT morphologies per animal were inducible. All were successfully ablated with 24±6 applications of radiofrequency energy. All had ablations on the left ventricular endocardium, and 67% had ablations on the right ventricular aspect of the interventricular septum. All targeted arrhythmias were successfully ablated acutely. One animal was euthanized because of hypotension from a serious pericardial effusion. The other 11 survived and remained arrhythmia free on subsequent inductions on the 100th and 200th days (
P
<0.001). The 13 animals without inducible VT remained noninducible at the subsequent studies. A historical control arm of 9 animals with inducible VT at day 8 remained inducible at day 100.

Conclusions—
Radiofrequency ablation on the eighth day after infarction abolished inducibility of VT at late induction studies ≤200 days in an ovine model. Early identification and ablation of VT after infarction may prevent or reduce late ventricular arrhythmias but needs to be validated in clinical studies.
Identification of Chemicals Inducing Cardiomyocyte Proliferation in Developmental Stage–Specific Manner With Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Uosaki Hideki , Magadum Ajit , Seo Kinya , Fukushima Hiroyuki , Takeuchi Ayako , Nakagawa Yasuaki , Moyes Kara White , Narazaki Genta , Kuwahara Koichiro , Laflamme Michael , Matsuoka Satoshi , Nakatsuji Norio , Nakao Kazuwa , Kwon Chulan , Kass David A. , Engel Felix B. , Yamashita Jun K. 
Published: October 2013

Background—
The proliferation of cardiomyocytes is highly restricted after postnatal maturation, limiting heart regeneration. Elucidation of the regulatory machineries for the proliferation and growth arrest of cardiomyocytes is imperative. Chemical biology is efficient to dissect molecular mechanisms of various cellular events and often provides therapeutic potentials. We have been investigating cardiovascular differentiation with pluripotent stem cells. The combination of stem cell and chemical biology can provide novel approaches to investigate the molecular mechanisms and manipulation of cardiomyocyte proliferation.

Methods and Results—

To identify chemicals that regulate cardiomyocyte proliferation, we performed a screening of a defined chemical library based on proliferation of mouse pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes and identified 4 chemical compound groups: inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Ca
2+
/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, and activators of extracellular signal–regulated kinase. Several appropriate combinations of chemicals synergistically enhanced proliferation of cardiomyocytes derived from both mouse and human pluripotent stem cells, notably up to a 14-fold increase in mouse cardiomyocytes. We also examined the effects of identified chemicals on cardiomyocytes in various developmental stages and species. Whereas extracellular signal–regulated kinase activators and Ca
2+
/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitors showed proliferative effects only on cardiomyocytes in early developmental stages, glycogen synthase kinase-3 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors substantially and synergistically induced re-entry and progression of cell cycle in neonatal but also as well as adult cardiomyocytes.

Conclusions—
Our approach successfully uncovered novel molecular targets and mechanisms controlling cardiomyocyte proliferation in distinct developmental stages and offered pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes as a potent tool to explore chemical-based cardiac regenerative strategies.
Disturbed Coronary Hemodynamics in Vessels With Intermediate Stenoses Evaluated With Fractional Flow Reserve
Authors: Echavarria-Pinto Mauro , Escaned Javier , Macías Enrico , Medina Miguel , Gonzalo Nieves , Petraco Ricardo , Sen Sayan , Jimenez-Quevedo Pilar , Hernandez Rosana , Mila Rafael , Ibañez Borja , Nuñez-Gil Ivan J. , Fernández Cristina , Alfonso Fernando , Bañuelos Camino , García Eulogio , Davies Justin , Fernández-Ortiz Antonio , Macaya Carlos 
Published: October 2013

Background—
In chronic ischemic heart disease, focal stenosis, diffuse atherosclerotic narrowings, and microcirculatory dysfunction (MCD) contribute to limit myocardial flow. The prevalence of these ischemic heart disease levels in fractional flow reserve (FFR) interrogated vessels remains largely unknown.

Methods and Results—

Using intracoronary measurements, 91 coronaries (78 patients) with intermediate stenoses were classified in 4 FFR and coronary flow reserve (CFR) agreement groups, using FFR>0.80 and CFR<2 as cutoffs. Index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) and atherosclerotic burden (Gensini score) were also assessed. MCD was assumed when IMR≥29.1 (75
th
percentile). Fifty-four (59.3%) vessels had normal FFR, from which only 20 (37%) presented both normal CFR and IMR. Among vessels with FFR>0.80, most (63%) presented disturbed hemodynamics: abnormal CFR in 28 (52%) and MCD in 18 (33%). Vessels with FFR>0.80 presented higher IMR [adjusted mean 27.6 (95% confidence interval, 23.4–31.8)] than those with FFR≤0.80 [17.3 (95% confidence interval, 13.0–21.7), p=0.001]. Atherosclerotic burden was inversely correlated with CFR (
r
=−0.207,
P
=0.055), and in vessels with FFR>0.80 and CFR<2 (n=28, 39%), IMR had a wide dispersion (7–72.7 U), suggesting a combination of diffuse atherosclerotic narrowings and MCD. Vessels with FFR≤0.80 and normal CFR presented the lowest IMR, suggesting a preserved microcirculation.

Conclusions—
A substantial number of coronary arteries with stenoses showing an FFR>0.80 present disturbed hemodynamics. Integration of FFR, CFR, and IMR supports the existence of differentiated patterns of ischemic heart disease that combine focal and diffuse coronary narrowings with variable degrees of MCD.
Theorizing the Impact of Trust on Post-Agreement Negotiations: The Case of Franco-German Security Relations
Authors: Brugger Philipp , Hasenclever Andreas , Kasten Lukas 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn this article we argue that trust is fundamental to post-agreement negotiations in the field of international security. We present our concept of interstate trust and discuss its relation to two core mechanisms of international cooperation: control and policy integration. Our main hypothesis is that growing trust reduces a dyad’s reliance on control and leads to intensified policy integration. To specify how the trust-control nexus and the trust-integration nexus structure post-agreement negotiations, we first assume that post-agreement negotiations are likely to follow interstate crises. Second, we theorize crisis reactions and differentiate between low-trust and high-trust situations. In low-trust situations, a crisis indicates a failure to control the actions of others. As a response, demands for institutional reform will stress new and improved control mechanisms. In high-trust situations, the trusting bias defuses most of the doubts about the other’s cooperative preferences and points to miscommunication as the principal issue. Therefore, negotiations will be about intensifying policy integration. States do so for three purposes: sustaining valuable integration, overcoming the crisis, and building trust. As a first plausibility probe for our argument, we look at post-agreement negotiations between France and Germany.
Finding the Island Mompracem. The Problem of Mapping the Northwest Coast of Borneo from 16th to 20th Century
Authors: Gerlich Bianca 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This article deals with a case concerning the history of cartography of the northwest coast of Borneo. The island Mompracem appears conspicuously marked and continuously on European maps from the 16th century to the 19th century, but in various positions. Curiously, it is no longer shown on maps from the 20th century onwards. This article attempts to understand which map material is reliable in terms of the location of the island and to identify its current name.
The “Orient” in Florence (19th Century). From Oriental Studies to the Collection of Islamic Art, from a Reconstruction of the “Orient” to the Exotic Dream of the Rising Middle Class
Authors: Stasolla Maria Giovanna 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The second half of the 19th Century was in Florence a period of extraordinary and fruitful interest in the oriental world when the philological and oriental studies were promoted. Thanks to the fervour of these studies, in 1878 Florence was designated to host the 4th Congress of the Orientalists. The “Orient” excited curiosity and collecting passion to such an extent that we could argue that the legacy of the magnificent Medicean collecting was inherited by the private middle-classes. Moreover, the new cultural context contributed to transforming the taste, it gave rise to new styles in architecture as well as in decoration and generally in the applied arts. After examining these topics, we will focus our attention on a little known fact that we could describe as the rebuilt “Orient” for entertainment, that is to say the Florentine Carnival in 1886, an event of the “disquieting” exoticism by which Europe represented the Islamic world.
Sainteté et Miracles. Deux Saints Fondateurs en Iran Méridional (XIe et XIVe S.)
Authors: Aigle Denise 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe article analyzes the miracles described in the biographies of two « founder-saints » who were active in Kāzarūn, a small village of Fārs during the 10th and 14th centuries. These miracles happened before the birth of them and anticipate their future sanctity. Their actions are inscribed in the Prophet Muḥammad tradition, they have also a pedagogical worth for the disciples. They anticipate the death of both holy men to immortalize their work as founders of the order. Finally these miracles, happen over the tombs of the saints attracting in this way the pilgrims.
Una codificazione del Kemalismo come ideologia negli anni '30: il movimento “Kadro”
Authors: Bertuccelli Fulvio 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This study is focused on Kadro, a political movement gathered around the monthly review of the same name published between 1932 and 1934 in Turkey. Composed by former communists as Şevket Süreyya Aydemir alongside with prominent nationalist writers such as Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu, the movement aimed to develop Kemalism as a revolutionary ideology. The article analyses some of Kadro’s basic ideas and their impact on the debate within the ranks of Republican People’s Party.
The Urbanisation Issue and the Culture of Gecekondus in Turkey
Authors: Aktaş Sevim 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The article addresses the migration phenomenon occurred towards the big cities in Turkey, starting from the 1940s and continuing up to the present day, thus trying to explain the subsequent housing problems arisen from this, from both a social and cultural point of view. It includes a brief analysis on the urbanisation process in the light of Turkey’s historical, economic and political changes, particularly on the gecekondu classes affected by this process and, in general, on the structure of the Turkish society. The author, on the basis of his own observations and scientific researches, sheds a different light on the phenomenon of internal migration in Turkey.
Islamization and Judicial Activism in Pakistan: What Šarīʿah?
Authors: Giunchi Elisa 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The Islamization of Pakistani law started at the end of the 1970s under the stimulus of the executive and has continued in subsequent decades mainly through the judiciary. Increasingly, Pakistani High courts, and later on Islamic appellate courts, have applied uncodified šarīʿah principles to supplement and, at times, contradict codified law, particularly in the field of family matters and sexual crimes. On the basis of court records, the author reviews first, the religious sources referred to by the judges and, second, the implications of their religiously inspired “judicial activism”, with a focus on the interaction between the Zinā Ordinance and the Muslim Family Law Ordinance. The author argues that the enforcement of Islamic laws has been traversed by two opposite tensions—towards systematization and complexity—and that a traditional discourse based on the nuances of fiqh can either improve or worsen women’s status depending on the sources referred to by the courts.
A Legal Dispute Over the Leadership of the Zayniyyah Sufi Order in Aleppo as Recorded in a Document from the Ottoman Court Records (1098/1687)
Authors: Salati Marco 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This article examines the situation of a not well-known local sufi Order of Ottoman Aleppo, the Zayniyyah, around the end of the 17th century, through the use of a legal document preserved in the Ottoman Court Records of the city. By recording a dispute over the leadership of the order, the document constitutes precious evidence on the history of the Zayniyyah, the importance of organized Sufi brotherhoods in Ottoman Aleppo and the keen interest shown by the Ottoman power system in monitoring the activities and dealings of Sufi orders.
Memorie Sadriddin Ajnī (Italian translation by Evelin Grassi)
Authors: Grassi Evelin 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This is the first Italian translation of some selections from the Ëddoštho* “Reminiscences” of Sadriddin Ajnī (Bukhara 1878—Dushanbe 1954), the author commonly regarded as the leading representative of modern Tajik literature. Ajnī’s Reminiscences, divided into four parts and published between 1948 and 1954, are a collection of lively short-stories where the author described his childhood spent in two villages near Bukhara, as well as his youth and schooldays at the madrasa in the last two decades of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. Parts I and II were more often translated into many languages, both in the Republics of the former Soviet Union and in other countries. Translations in Russian (parts I-IV), German and French (parts I-II) have appeared in the 1950s. In English, separate chapters from the work have been published in academic journals from the 1950s onward; the most recent English translation (part I) is The sands of Oxus. Boyhood reminiscences of Sadriddin Aini, tr. by J.R. Perry and R. Lehr (Costa Mesa, Mazda Publishers, 1998).
Oriente-Occidente: sull’origine dell’equivoco dell’incompatibilità. Alcune considerazioni
Authors: Ferri Enrico 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Often, as much in the mass media as in scientific circles, one resorts to the categories of “East” and “West,” which are usually recited in a series of variations (for instance ‘western values,’ ‘western civilisation,’ ‘western democracy,’ etc.), that are used to indicate different, if not opposed visions of life, politics or culture.
The article shows how from the start, in Greek and Roman political thought and historiography, an ideologically oriented reading of one’s own past developed; these dynamics then were taken up again and accentuated, especially in the modern era, often to justify and legitimise processes of conquest and domination.
The Relation of Platelet–Lymphocyte Ratio and Coronary Collateral Circulation in Patients With Stable Angina Pectoris and Chronic Total Occlusion
Authors: Açar Göksel , Kalkan Mehmet Emin , Avci Anıl , Alizade Elnur , Tabakci Mehmet Mustafa , Toprak Cüneyt , Özkan Birol , Alici Gökhan , Esen Ali Metin 
Published: October 2013

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the relationship between the platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and coronary collateral circulation (CCC) in patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) and chronic total occlusion (CTO). Methods: A total of 294 patients with both SAP and CTO were classified according to their Rentrop collateral grades as either poor (Rentrop grades/0-1) or good (Rentrop grades/2-3). Results: The PLR values were significantly higher in patients with poor CCC than in those with good CCC (156.8 + 30.7 vs 132.1 + 24.4, P < 0.001). In regression analysis, PLR (unit = 10) [odds ratio 1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.33 -1.65; P < 0.001] and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were found to be the independent predictors of poor CCC. In receiver operator characteristic curve analysis, optimal cut-off value of PLR to predict poor CCC was found as 138.1, with 76% sensitivity and 65% specificity. Conclusion: PLR may be an important, simple, and cost effective tool predicting the degree of collateralization in patients with SAP and CTO.
Experiences of using a memory aid to structure and support daily activities in a small-scale group accommodation for people with dementia
Authors: Kerkhof Yvonne JF , Rabiee Fatemeh , Willems Charles G 
Published: October 2013

Background Use of technology to structure and support the daily activities of the residents in a small-scale group accommodation (SSGA) for dementia is a new innovation in the Netherlands. This paper presents the process of development of this new way of structuring activities and the findings of a pilot study looking at the experiences of using this device in people with dementia. Method A qualitative method was chosen, data were collected using individual interviews with the residents ( n = 6), focus groups interviews with informal carers ( n = 5) and members of staff ( n = 6). Data were analysed using Ritchie & Spencer’s framework (1994) . Findings Three main themes emerged: issues regarding the implementation, needs for further development and the learning experiences acquired during the development. The majority of the residents were happy with the use and function of the memory aid. However, the occurrence of installation errors, limited ease of use and a lack of knowledge regarding the function and use of the memory aid were issues that prevented a successful implementation. Findings highlighted shared views about ways of improving through adaptation of the software program and additional technological applications; internet connectivity, improving its accessibility by using a remote control and adding videos and photos. Conclusion Lessons are learned about the use and transferability of this innovation in people with dementia and other vulnerable target groups including those with learning disabilities as well as its limitation and the needs for further development.