bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tablets, touchscreens, and touchpads: How varying touch interfaces trigger psychological ownership and endowment
Authors: Brasel S. Adam , Gips James 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAs mouse‐driven desktop computers give way to touchpad laptops and touchscreen tablets, the role of touch in online consumer behavior has become increasingly important. This work presents initial explorations into the effects of varying touch‐based interfaces on consumers, and argues that research into the interfaces used to access content can be as important as research into the content itself. Two laboratory studies using a variety of touch technologies explore how touchscreen interfaces can increase perceived psychological ownership, and this in turn magnifies the endowment effect. Touch interfaces also interact with importance of product haptics and actual interface ownership in their effects on perceived product ownership, with stronger effects for products high in haptic importance and interfaces that are owned. Results highlight that perceptions of online products and marketing activities are filtered through the lens of the interfaces used to explore them, and touch‐based devices like tablets can lead to higher product valuations when compared to traditional computers.
The Effect of Neural Lesion Type on Botulinum Toxin Dosage: A Retrospective Chart Review
Authors: Phadke Chetan P. , Davidson Caitlin , Ismail Farooq , Boulias Chris 
Published: November 2013

BackgroundIt is difficult to compare the dosage of botulinum toxin between different neurologic conditions because of the different methods of reported dosages. Botulinum toxin is used to manage spasticity in variety of neurologic conditions, and it is important for clinicians to know whether there are differences in the dosage injected on the basis of the etiology of spasticity.ObjectiveTo determine whether the type of neural lesion influences the dosage of botulinum toxin required to manage spasticity.DesignRetrospective chart review.SettingReview of patients who visited an outpatient spasticity clinic.ParticipantsWe assessed medical charts from 99 patients with stroke, multiple sclerosis (MS), and cerebral palsy (CP) (n = 33 for each etiology). We collected information such as age, gender, weight, time of lesion, total dosage (per person, per limb, per muscle), injection location, and injections cycles.InterventionsNone.Main Outcome MeasurementsOnabotulinumtoxinA dose – total dose in one leg was calculated as a sum of the units of the toxin injected in all the leg muscles.ResultsTotal dose of toxin injected was 161 ± 19 (mean ± standard error of mean) in patients with stroke, 175 ± 13 in patients with CP, and 225 ± 18 in patients with MS. The total dose in the legs (normalized to body weight; units/kg) was significantly different between the 3 groups (stroke, CP, MS; P = .001). Subsequent post‐hoc tests revealed that total dose in the legs of patients with MS was significantly greater (88%) than patients with stroke (P = .001). Hip adductors and hamstrings were injected most commonly in MS and CP, but toe muscles were commonly injected in patients with stroke, whereas plantar flexors were evenly injected all 3 patient groups.ConclusionIn our practice, we found that treating spasticity in people with MS required the greatest dose of botulinum toxin, followed by CP and then stroke.
Elite science and the BBC: a 1950s contest of ownership
Authors: JONES ALLAN 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn the late 1950s and early 1960s, the elite world of institutional British science attempted to take control of the BBC's management of science broadcasting. Delegations of scientists met BBC managers to propose an increased role for scientists in planning science broadcasts to a degree that threatened to compromise the BBC's authority and autonomy. The culmination was a set of proposals to the Pilkington Committee in 1960, principally from the Royal Society and the British Association for the Advancement of Science, under which a scientist-manager was to be appointed head of a unified science division in the BBC. BBC managers resisted these proposals. The outcome, in 1964, was a compromise giving the scientists little of what they wanted, and proving practically and strategically useful for the BBC. The article frames the story as a contest of jurisdiction between elite science and the BBC, and draws on scholarship relating to the social nature of authority and professions, and to the popularization of science. It shows the fundamentally different beliefs held by the scientists and the BBC about the purpose of science broadcasts and about the nature of the audience. The historical narrative is based on unpublished archive documents, and it contributes to the small but growing body of work on the historical background to the presentation of science in the broadcast media.
ARISTOTLE AND EUCLID'S POSTULATES
Authors: Acerbi Fabio 
Published: November 2013

Book 1 of Euclid's Elements opens with a set of unproved assumptions: definitions (ὅροι), postulates, and ‘common notions’ (κοιναὶ ἔννοιαι). The common notions are general rules validating deductions that involve the relations of equality and congruence. The attested postulates are five in number, even if a part of the manuscript tradition adds a sixth, almost surely spurious (‘two straight lines do not contain a space’), that in some manuscripts features as the ninth, and last, common notion. The postulates are called αἰτήματα both in the manuscripts of the Elements and in the ancient exegetic tradition. It is not said, however, that this denomination is original, as it coincides with the nomen rei actae associated with the verbal form introducing the postulates themselves. Since antiquity it has been recognized that the postulates naturally split into two groups of quite different character: the first three are rules licensing basic constructions, the fourth and the fifth are assertions stating properties of particular geometric objects (see Procl. In Euc. 182–4 and 188–93). I transcribe postulates 1–3 in the text established by Heiberg (Euclidis Elementa 1.4.14–5.2):
ᾐτήσθω ἀπὸ παντὸς σημείου ἐπὶ πᾶν σημεῖον εὐθεῖαν γραμμὴν ἀγαγεῖνκαὶ πεπερασμένην εὐθεῖαν κατὰ τὸ συνεχὲς ἐπ᾽ εὐθείας ἐκβαλεῖνκαὶ παντὶ κέντρῳ καὶ διαστήματι κύκλον γράϕεσθαι
AESCHYLUS, PERSAE 767
Authors: Sansone David 
Published: November 2013

The ghost of Darius provides a versified history of the Persian kingship, from the beginning down to the reign of his luckless son Xerxes, that starts out as follows in Martin West's Teubner text (1990):Mῆδος γὰρ ἦν ὁ πρῶτος ἡγεμὼν στρατοῦ, 765ἄλλος δ’ ἐκείνου παῖς τόδ’ ἔργον ἥνυσεν·ϕρένες γὰρ αὐτοῦ θυμὸν ᾠακοστρόϕουν·τρίτος δ’ ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ Κῦρος, εὐδαίμων ἀνήρ,ἄρξας ἔθηκε πᾶσιν εἰρήνην ϕίλοις,Λυδῶν δὲ λαὸν καὶ Φρυγῶν ἐκτήσατο 770Ἰωνίαν τε πᾶσαν ἤλασεν βίᾳ·θεὸς γὰρ οὐκ ἤχθηρεν, ὡς εὔϕρων ἔϕυ.Κύρου δὲ παῖς τέταρτος ηὔθυνε στρατόν·πέμπτος δὲ Mάρδος ἦρξεν, αἰσχύνη πάτρᾳθρόνοισί τ’ ἀρχαίοισι· 775First comes ‘the Mede Cyaxares, whom A[eschylus] probably saw as the first king of a united Media and Persia, and therefore the right person to begin his list’. Unless ἄλλος (766) is corrupt, the first two members of the dynasty are anonymous. This is not perhaps surprising, given Aeschylus’ limited knowledge of early Median and Persian history and given his use of these rulers as foils to the blest (εὐδαίμων) Cyrus. Each of them is, like the equally anonymous Cambyses (773), accorded only one or two lines, in contrast to the five lines devoted to Cyrus the Great. What is surprising is that the second of these is singled out for his good sense and his restraint (‘For his clear thinking plied the tiller of his passions’, 767). Further, it is not clear what point is being made by attributing ‘this deed’ (τόδ’ ἔργον, 766) to the good sense and restraint of the son of the Mede, particularly since it is not immediately apparent to what deed reference is being made. As Alexander Garvie notes in his recent commentary on the play, ‘That this line [767] is out of place in the codd. is highly likely’.
Helminth communities ofLeptodactylus latrans(Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the Atlantic rainforest, south-eastern Brazil
Authors: Toledo G.M. , Morais D.H. , Silva R.J. , Anjos L.A. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe helminth fauna associated withLeptodactylus latrans, a large frog living in a disturbed environment of Atlantic rainforest in south-eastern Brazil, was evaluated. We found eight helminth taxa, including five nematode species,Falcaustra mascula,Oswaldocruzia subauricularis,Physalopterasp.,Rhabdiassp. and an unidentified cosmocercid, two trematodes,Gorgoderina parvicavaandHaematoloechus fuelleborni, and one larval cestode. The overall prevalence of infection was 63.2% with a mean intensity of 11.3 ± 3.8. The cosmocercid nematode andO. subauricularisshowed the highest prevalences, although the trematodeG. parvicavawas the most abundant and dominant parasite species. Host size positively influenced both the intensity of infection and parasite species richness. Our data suggest that the juvenile individuals ofL. latransare more susceptible to parasitic infection than the adults. The comparison of the similarity of this community component with that found in other studies in South America shows that, as well as the characteristics of the host, the sampling area also influences the parasitic fauna. Therefore, the results of this study agree that the helminth communities of frogs have relatively low species richness and dominance of generalist species.
Teleomorph-Anamorph Relationships in Umbilicaria I. Making the Connections
Authors: Hestmark Geir 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAnamorphs of 17 taxa in the genus Umbilicaria (Lecanorales, Ascomycotina)a re connected with known teleomorphs through what is described as the thallic type of connection. Teleomorphs of Umbilicaria aprina Nyl. and Umbilicaria cinerascens (Arnold) Frey are described for the first time. Possible correlated trends in the evolution of anamorphs and teleomorphs are discussed.
Modulation of leukocytic populations of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) by the intestinal parasite Enteromyxum leei (Myxozoa: Myxosporea)
Authors: ESTENSORO ITZIAR , MULERO IVÁN , REDONDO MARÍA J. , ÁLVAREZ-PELLITERO PILAR , MULERO VICTORIANO , SITJÀ-BOBADILLA ARIADNA 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYThe cellular mucosal and systemic effectors of gilthead sea bream (GSB) (Sparus aurata) involved in the acute immune response to the intestinal parasite Enteromyxum leei were studied in fish experimentally infected by the anal route. In the intestinal inflammatory infiltrates and in lymphohaematopoietic organs (head kidney and spleen) of parasitized fish, the number of plasma cells, B cells (IgM immunoreactive) and mast cells (histamine immunoreactive) were significantly higher, whereas the number of acidophilic granulocytes (G7 immunoreactive) decreased, compared with non-parasitized and unexposed fish. These differences were stronger at the posterior intestine, the main target of the parasite, and no differences were found in the thymus. In non-parasitized GSB, the percentage of splenic surface occupied by melanomacrophage centres was significantly higher. These results suggest that the cellular response of GSB to E. leei includes proliferation of leukocytes in lymphohaematopoietic organs and recruitment into intestines via blood circulation involving elements of innate and adaptive immunity. Acidophilic granulocytes and mast cells presented opposite patterns of response to the parasite infection, with an overall depletion of the former and an increased amount of the latter. Some differences between both cell types were also detected in regard to their granule density and cell morphology.
The No-Minimum argument and satisficing: a reply to Chris Dragos
Authors: JORDAN JEFF 
Published: November 2013

AbstractChris Dragos has recently presented two objections to criticisms I've published against Peter van Inwagen's No-Minimum argument. He also suggests that the best way to criticize the No-Minimum argument is via the concept of divine satisficing. In this article I argue that both of Dragos's objections fail, and I question whether satisficing is relevant to the viability of the No-Minimum argument.
An evaluation of a person-centred care programme for long-term care facilities
Authors: WILLIAMS JAIME , HADJISTAVROPOULOS THOMAS , GHANDEHARI OMEED O. , YAO XUE , LIX LISA 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTPerson-centred approaches in long-term care focus on providing holistic care to residents in order to improve quality of life, enhance resident wellbeing and autonomy, and mitigate behavioural and/or other symptoms. The results of research on person-centred approaches to care are mixed, with very few high-quality empirical studies examining resident outcomes specifically. The purpose of this investigation was to examine a person-centred care programme implemented in three Canadian long-term care facilities to determine its effect on resident outcomes, approach to care and maintenance of the programme three years after implementation. Using the Resident Assessment Instrument Minimum Data Set (RAI-MDS) scale scores and quality indicators, we retrospectively examined resident outcomes before, after and six months following the initiation of the programme using three additional facilities as control. We did not find any effects on resident outcomes. Focus group interviews with facility staff revealed no systematic differences between the programme and control facilities in their approach to care. All facilities supported aspects of a person-centred philosophy. Focus group interview data from the programme facilities indicated partial maintenance in two facilities and more complete maintenance in one facility. Although staff members supported the programme, implementation and maintenance proved difficult and effectiveness on resident outcomes was not indicated in this research. Additional controlled studies are needed.
Maternal responsiveness and sensitivity reconsidered: Some is more
Authors: Bornstein Marc H. , Manian Nanmathi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIs it always or necessarily the case that common and important parenting practices are better, insofar as they occur more often, or worse, because they occur less often? Perhaps, less is more, or some is more. To address this question, we studied mothers' microcoded contingent responsiveness to their infants (M= 5.4 months,SD= 0.2) in relation to independent global judgments of the same mothers' parenting sensitivity. In a community sample of 335 European American dyads, videorecorded infant and maternal behaviors were timed microanalytically throughout an extended home observation; separately and independently, global maternal sensitivity was rated macroanalytically. Sequential analysis and spline regression showed that, as maternal contingent responsiveness increased, judged maternal sensitivity increased to significance on the contingency continuum, after which mothers who were even more contingent were judged less sensitive. Just significant levels of maternal responsiveness are deemed optimally sensitive. Implications of these findings for typical and atypical parenting, child development, and intervention science are discussed.
Differential susceptibility in longitudinal models of gene–environment interaction for adolescent depression
Authors: Li James J. , Berk Michele S. , Lee Steve S. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAlthough family support reliably predicts the development of adolescent depression and suicidal behaviors, relatively little is known about the interplay of family support with potential genetic factors. We tested the association of the 44 base pair polymorphism in the serotonin transporter linked promoter region gene (5-HTTLPR), family support (i.e., cohesion, communication, and warmth), and their interaction with self-reported depression symptoms and risk for suicide in 1,030 Caucasian adolescents and young adults from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. High-quality family support predicted fewer symptoms of depression and reduced risk for suicidality. There was also a significant interaction between5-HTTLPRand family support for boys and a marginally significant interaction for girls. Among boys with poor family support, youth with at least one short allele had more symptoms of depression and a higher risk for suicide attempts relative to boys homozygous for the long allele. However, in the presence of high family support, boys with the short allele had the fewest depression symptoms (but not suicide attempts). Results suggest that the short allele may increase reactivity to both negative and positive family influences in the development of depression. We discuss the potential role of interactive exchanges between family support and offspring genotype in the development of adolescent depression and suicidal behaviors.
Premorbid functional development and conversion to psychosis in clinical high-risk youths
Authors: Tarbox Sarah I. , Addington Jean , Cadenhead Kristin S. , Cannon Tyrone D. , Cornblatt Barbara A. , Perkins Diana O. , Seidman Larry J. , Tsuang Ming T. , Walker Elaine F. , Heinssen Robert , McGlashan Thomas H. , Woods Scott W. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDeterioration in premorbid functioning is a common feature of schizophrenia, but sensitivity to psychosis conversion among clinical high-risk samples has not been examined. This study evaluates premorbid functioning as a predictor of psychosis conversion among a clinical high-risk sample, controlling for effects of prior developmental periods. Participants were 270 clinical high-risk individuals in the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study—I, 78 of whom converted to psychosis over the next 2.5 years. Social, academic, and total maladjustment in childhood, early adolescence, and late adolescence were rated using the Cannon–Spoor Premorbid Adjustment Scale. Early adolescent social dysfunction significantly predicted conversion to psychosis (hazard ratio = 1.30, p = .014), independently of childhood social maladjustment and independently of severity of most baseline positive and negative prodromal symptoms. Baseline prodromal symptoms of disorganized communication, social anhedonia, suspiciousness, and diminished ideational richness mediated this association. Early adolescent social maladjustment and baseline suspiciousness together demonstrated moderate positive predictive power (59%) and high specificity (92.1%) in predicting conversion. Deterioration of academic and total functioning, although observed, did not predict conversion to psychosis. Results indicate early adolescent social dysfunction to be an important early predictor of conversion. As such, it may be a good candidate for inclusion in prediction algorithms and could represent an advantageous target for early intervention.
Three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging of congenital cardiac anomalies
Authors: Razavi Reza S. , Hill Derek L. G. , Muthurangu Vivek , Miquel Marc E. , Taylor Andrew M. , Kozerke Sebastian , Baker Edward J. 
Published: November 2013

We describe a new method of three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging of the heart that has been used to produce high quality diagnostic images in 274 patients with congenital cardiac disease, ranging in age from 1 day to 66 years. Using a steady state free precession gradient echo technique and parallel imaging, rapid acquisition of the entire cardiac volume is possible during 8 to 15 sequential breath-holds, each lasting between 8 and 15 s. We obtained high-resolution images, with a resolution of 1 mm3, at between 3 and 10 phases of the cardiac cycle.While images of diagnostic quality were obtained in all cases, in 52 patients there was some degradation due to various factors. Children under 8 years were ventilated, and ventilation was suspended for the breath-holds. For patients breathing spontaneously a novel respiratory navigator technique was developed, using a navigator echo placed over the right hemidiaphragm. This was used successfully in 20 patients, and reduced the misalignment of images obtained during different breath-holds.Images were analysed using multi-planar reformatting and volume rendering. Image processing took approximately five minutes for each study. End-diastolic images were processed for all patients. Systolic images were also processed in selected cases.Further improvements in parallel imaging should reduce imaging times further, so that it is possible to obtain the full volume image in a single breath-hold. This will enable imaging of complex anatomy to be obtained using a standard imaging protocol that does not require the operator to understand the cardiac malformation, making the magnetic resonance imaging of congenital cardiac disease faster and more effective.
A 60 GHz fully differential LNA in 90 nm CMOS technology
Authors: Malignaggi Andrea , Hamidian Amin , Boeck Georg 
Published: November 2013

The present paper presents a fully differential 60 GHz four stages low-noise amplifier for wireless applications. The amplifier has been optimized for low-noise, high-gain, and low-power consumption, and implemented in a 90 nm low-power CMOS technology. Matching and common-mode rejection networks have been realized using shielded coplanar transmission lines. The amplifier achieves a peak small-signal gain of 21.3 dB and an average noise figure of 5.4 dB along with power consumption of 30 mW and occupying only 0.38 mm2pads included. The detailed design procedure and the achieved measurement results are presented in this work.
Local decomposition induced by dislocation motions inside tetragonal Al2Cu compound: slip system-dependent dynamics
Authors: Chen D. , Ma X. L. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDislocations in a crystal are usually classified into several independent slip systems. Motion of a partial dislocation in monometallic crystals may remove or create stacking fault characterized with a partial of a lattice translation vector. However, it is recently known that motion of partial dislocations in complex structure, such as that inside an intermetallic Al2Cu compound, lead to a local composition deviation from its stoichiometric ratio and the resultant structure collapse. Here we report such a local decomposition behaviors are strongly dependent on slip system of dislocations. Under applied external stress, we have studied dislocation motion behaviors in the three independent slip systems of [001](110), [100]("Equation missing") and [110]("Equation missing") within tetragonal Al2Cu crystal by using molecular dynamics method. We found dislocation motions in all these slip systems result in local decomposition but their physical details differ significantly.
Long‐term atomic resonator‐based stabilisation system of ultrafast laser with small physics package
Authors: Wu Jiutao , Hou Dong , Wang Zhong , Zhao Jianye 
Published: November 2013

A long‐term miniaturised stabilisation scheme for a mode‐locked laser based on a rubidium coherent population trapping atomic resonator is demonstrated. By directly locking the repetition rate of a mode‐locked laser to the 85Rb 3.035 GHz coherent population trapping resonance, a miniaturised stabilisation system for the mode‐locked laser is achieved. The stabilised laser shows a frequency instability of 5 × 10−11 (1 s) and a long‐term instability of ∼3 × 10−12. This scheme avoids the extra stability loss in the electronic connection between the mode‐locked laser and the frequency reference. The whole stabilisation system occupies only a physics package of 5 × 5 × 2.2 cm, which provides a compact and portable approach for mode‐locked laser repetition rate stabilisation.