bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D Bioprinted Tissue‐Engineered Bone with Enhanced Mechanical Strength and Bioactivities: Accelerating Bone Defect Repair through Sequential Immunomodulatory Properties
Authors: Liu Daqian , Liu Jingsong , Zhao Pengcheng , Peng Zhibin , Geng Zhibin , Zhang Jingwei , Zhang Zhuoran , Shen Ruifang , Li Xiang , Wang Xiaoyu , Li Shuangzuo , Wang Jiankai , Wang Xintao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, a new‐generation tissue‐engineered bone capable of temporally regulating the immune response, balancing proinflammatory and anti‐inflammatory activities, and facilitating bone regeneration and repair to address the challenges of delayed healing and nonunion in large‐sized bone defects, is innovatively developed. Using the innovative techniques including multiphysics‐assisted combined decellularization, side‐chain biochemical modification, and sterile freeze‐drying, a novel photocurable extracellular matrix hydrogel, methacrylated bone‐derived decellularized extracellular matrix (bdECM‐MA), is synthesized. After incorporating the bdECM‐MA with silicon‐substituted calcium phosphate and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, the tissue‐engineered bone is fabricated through digital light processing 3D bioprinting. This study provides in vitro confirmation that the engineered bone maintains high cellular viability while achieving MPa‐level mechanical strength. Moreover, this engineered bone exhibits excellent osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and immunomodulatory functions. One of the molecular mechanisms of the immunomodulatory function involves the inhibition of the p38‐MAPK pathway. A pioneering in vivo discovery is that the natural biomaterial‐based tissue‐engineered bone demonstrates sequential immunomodulatory properties that activate proinflammatory and anti‐inflammatory responses in succession, significantly accelerating the repair of bone defects. This study provides a new research basis and an effective method for developing autogenous bone substitute materials and treating large‐sized bone defects.
Dynamic Control of Asymmetric Charge Distribution for Electrocatalytic Urea Synthesis
Authors: Zhang Xin , Sun Hao , Wang Yi‐Rong , Shi Zhan , Zhong Rong‐Lin , Sun Chun‐Yi , Liu Jing‐Yao , Su Zhong‐Min , Lan Ya‐Qian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractConstructing dual catalytic sites with charge density differences is an efficient way to promote urea electrosynthesis from parallel and CO2 reduction yet still challenging in static system. Herein, a dynamic system is constructed by precisely controlling the asymmetric charge density distribution in an Au‐doped coplanar Cu7 clusters‐based 3D framework catalyst (Au@cpCu7CF). In Au@cpCu7CF, the redistributed charge between Au and Cu atoms changed periodically with the application of pulse potentials switching between −0.2 and −0.6 V and greatly facilitated the electrosynthesis of urea. Compared with the static condition of pristine cpCu7CF (FEurea = 5.10%), the FEurea of Au@cpCu7CF under pulsed potentials is up to 55.53%. Theoretical calculations demonstrated that the high potential of −0.6 V improved the adsorption of *HNO2 and *NH2 on Au atoms and inhibited the reaction pathways of by‐products. While at the low potential of −0.2 V, the charge distribution between Au and Cu atomic sites facilitated the thermodynamic C–N coupling step. This work demonstrated the important role of asymmetric charge distribution under dynamic regulation for urea electrosynthesis, providing a new inspiration for precise control of electrocatalysis.
Near 100% Conversion of Acetylene to High‐purity Ethylene at Ampere‐Level Current
Authors: Wu Zeliang , Zhang Jinqiang , Guan Qihui , Liu Xing , Xiong Hanting , Chen Shixia , Hong Wei , Li Dongfang , Lei Yaojie , Deng Shuguang , Wang Jun , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDirect production of high‐purity ethylene from acetylene using renewable energy through electrocatalytic semi‐hydrogenation presents a promising alternative to traditional thermocatalytic processes. However, the low conversion of acetylene results in a significant amount of acetylene impurities in the product, necessitating additional purification steps. Herein, a tandem electrocatalytic system that integrates acetylene electrolyzer and zinc‐acetylene battery units for high‐purity ethylene production is designed. The ultrathin CuO nanoribbons with enriched oxygen vacancies (CuO1‐x NRs) as electrocatalysts achieve a remarkable 93.2% Faradaic efficiency of ethylene at an ampere‐level current density of 1.0 A cm−2 in an acetylene electrolyzer, and the power density reaches 3.8 mW cm−2 in a zinc‐acetylene battery under acetylene stream. Moreover, the tandem electrocatalysis system delivers a single‐pass acetylene conversion of 99.998% and ethylene selectivity of 96.1% at a high current of 1.4 A. Experimental data and calculations demonstrate that the presence of oxygen vacancies accelerates water dissociation to produce active hydrogen atoms while preventing the over‐hydrogenation of ethylene. Furthermore, techno‐economic analysis reveals that the tandem system can dramatically reduce the overall ethylene production cost compared to the conventional thermocatalytic processes. A novel strategy for complete acetylene‐to‐ethylene conversion under mild conditions, establishing a non‐petroleum route for the production of ethylene is reported.
Controlled Functionalization Strategy of Proteins Preserves their Structural Integrity While Binding to Nanocarriers
Authors: Mateos‐Maroto Ana , Gai Meiyu , Brückner Maximilian , Mailänder Volker , Morsbach Svenja , Landfester Katharina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe use of proteins as targeting agents often requires their chemical modification for their efficient attachment to a given surface. However, no control over the protein integrity and functionality has been demonstrated to date. Chemical over‐modification causes the loss of the native structure of the protein and thus limits its targeting efficiency. To preserve structural integrity, a minimal modification strategy of proteins is developed while maintaining their functionality. Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and liposomes are utilized as a nanocarrier platform. Monitoring NHS ester chemistry by time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry experiments, the proposed functionalization route allows the effective chemical coupling of the minimally modified ApoA1 to the surface of the liposomes via a click chemistry reaction. The stability of the modified ApoA1 is ensured by analyzing the secondary structure by circular dichroism spectroscopy and the corresponding melting point by nano differential scanning fluorimetry. Furthermore, ApoA1 attachment to the liposomes is confirmed by flow cytometry experiments. The procedure presented in this study has the potential to be easily transferred to other proteins while introducing only minimally necessary chemical modifications to be covalently attached to different drug delivery platforms. This can help to improve their targeting efficiency for future biomedical applications.
Precise and Omnidirectional Opto‐Thermo‐Elastic Actuation in Van Der Waals Contacting Systems
Authors: Jia Qiannan , Tang Renjie , Sun Xiaoyu , Tang Weiwei , Li Lan , Zhu Jiajie , Wang Pan , Yan Wei , Qiu Min 
Published: August 2024

AbstractActuation of micro‐objects along unconstrained trajectories in van der Waals contacting systems—in the same capacity as optical tweezers to manipulate particles in fluidic environments—remains a formidable challenge due to the lack of effective methods to overcome and exploit surface friction. Herein, a technique that aims to resolve this difficulty is proposed. This study shows that, by utilizing a moderate power beam of light, micro‐objects adhered on planar solid substrates can be precisely guided to move in arbitrary directions, realizing sub‐nanometer resolution across extended surfaces. The underlying mechanism is the interplay between surface friction and pulsed opto‐thermo‐elastic deformations, and to render a biased motion with off‐centroid light illumination. This technique enables high‐precision assembly, separation control of nanogaps, regulation of rotation angles in various material‐substrate systems, whose capability is further tested in reconfigurable construction of optoelectronic devices. With simple set‐up and theoretical generality, opto‐thermo‐elastic actuation opens up an avenue for versatile optical manipulation in the solid domain.
Sirtuin 5‐Mediated Desuccinylation of ALDH2 Alleviates Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress Following Acetaminophen‐Induced Acute Liver Injury
Authors: Yu Qiwen , Zhang Jiakai , Li Jiye , Song Yaodong , Pan Jie , Mei Chaopeng , Cui Mengwei , He Qianqian , Wang Haifeng , Li Huihui , Cheng Bo , Zhang Yan , Guo Wenzhi , Zhu Changju , Chen Sanyang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAcetaminophen (APAP) overdose is a major cause of drug‐induced liver injury. Sirtuins 5 (SIRT5) has been implicated in the development of various liver diseases. However, its involvement in APAP‐induced acute liver injury (AILI) remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore the role of SIRT5 in AILI. SIRT5 expression is dramatically downregulated by APAP administration in mouse livers and AML12 hepatocytes. SIRT5 deficiency not only exacerbates liver injury and the inflammatory response, but also worsens mitochondrial oxidative stress. Conversely, the opposite pathological and biochemical changes are observed in mice with SIRT5 overexpression. Mechanistically, quantitative succinylome analysis and site mutation experiments revealed that SIRT5 desuccinylated aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) at lysine 385 and maintained the enzymatic activity of ALDH2, resulting in the suppression of inflammation and mitochondrial oxidative stress. Furthermore, succinylation of ALDH2 at lysine 385 abolished its protective effect against AILI, and the protective effect of SIRT5 against AILI is dependent on the desuccinylation of ALDH2 at K385. Finally, virtual screening of natural compounds revealed that Puerarin promoted SIRT5 desuccinylase activity and further attenuated AILI. Collectively, the present study showed that the SIRT5‐ALDH2 axis plays a critical role in AILI progression and might be a strategy for therapeutic intervention.
Ginsenoside Rg3 Restores Mitochondrial Cardiolipin Homeostasis via GRB2 to Prevent Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Qi Li‐Feng‐Rong , Liu Shuai , Fang Qiuyuan , Qian Cheng , Peng Chao , Liu Yuci , Yang Peng , Wu Ping , Shan Ling , Cui Qinghua , Hua Qian , Yang Sen , Ye Cunqi , Yang Wei , Li Ping , Xu Xiaojun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRegulating cardiolipin to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis is a promising strategy for addressing Parkinson's disease (PD). Through a comprehensive screening and validation process involving multiple models, ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) as a compound capable of enhancing cardiolipin levels is identified. This augmentation in cardiolipin levels fosters mitochondrial homeostasis by bolstering mitochondrial unfolded protein response, promoting mitophagy, and enhancing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Consequently, this cascade enhances the survival of tyrosine hydroxylase positive (TH+) dopaminergic neurons, leading to an amelioration in motor performance within PD mouse models. Using limited proteolysis–small‐molecule mapping combined with molecular docking analysis, it has confirmed Growth Factor Receptor‐Bound Protein 2 (GRB2) as a molecular target for Rg3. Furthermore, these investigations reveal that Rg3 facilitates the interaction between GRB2 and TRKA (Neurotrophic Tyrosine Kinase, Receptor, Type 1), thus promotes EVI1 (Ecotropic Virus Integration Site 1 Protein Homolog) phosphorylation by ERK, subsequently increases CRLS1 (Cardiolipin Synthase 1) gene expression and boosts cardiolipin synthesis. The absence of GRB2 or CRLS1 significantly attenuates the beneficial effects of Rg3 on PD symptoms. Finally, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) that also promotes the binding between GRB2 and TRKA is further identified. The identified compounds, Rg3 and TDF, exhibit promising potential for the prevention of PD by bolstering cardiolipin expression and reinstating mitochondrial homeostasis.
Enhanced Dye‐Sensitized Mechanosensation Utilizing Pulsed and Digitally Modulated Light
Authors: Rafeedi Tarek , Becerra Laura L. , Root Nicholas , Qie Yi , Brown William , Qi Baiyan , Fu Lei , Esparza Guillermo , Sasi Lekshmi , Kapadia Kabir , Rouw Romke , Jokerst Jesse , Lipomi Darren J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe generation of pressure perturbations in matter stimulated by pulsed light is a method widely recognized as the photoacoustic or light‐induced thermoelastic effect. In a series of psychophysical experiments, the robustness of the tactile perception generated with a variety of light sources is examined: a diverging pulsed laser used for photoacoustic tomography optical parameter oscillation (OPO), a miniature diode laser (MDL), and a commercial digital light processing (DLP) projector. It is demonstrated that participants can accurately detect, categorically describe the sensations, and discern the direction of pulsed light travel. High detection accuracy is reported as follows: (d′ = 4.95 (OPO);d′ = 2.78 (modulated MDL);d′ = 2.99 (DLP)) of the stimulus on glabrous skin coated with a thin layer of dye absorber. For all light sources, the predominant sensation is felt as vibration at the distal phalanx (i.e., fingertip, 55.21–57.29%) and the proximal phalanx (41.67–44.79%). At the fingertip, thermal sensations are perceived less frequently than mechanical ones. Moreover, these haptic effects are preserved under a wide range of pulse widths, spot sizes, optical energies, and wavelengths of the light sources. This form of sensory stimulation demonstrates a generalizable non‐contact, non‐optogenetic, in situ activation of the mechanosensory system.
Graphene in Water is Hardly Ever Neutral
Authors: Boulbet‐Friedelmeyer Luna , Pécastaings Gilles , Labrugère‐Sarroste Christine , Faraudo Jordi , Pénicaud Alain , Drummond Carlos 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGraphene in water is electrically charged in most conditions. The level of charge can be large enough to stabilize single (or few) layer graphene colloidal dispersions in water, without the need of using any other additive. In this work, potentiometric titration, isothermal titration calorimetry, electrokinetic measurements, Density Functional Theory calculations, Raman Spectroscopy, and direct force measurements using Atomic Force Microscopy to investigate this charge and explore its origin are combined. The body of data collected suggests that this charge is a consequence of the interaction between water ions (hydroxide and hydronium) and graphene, and can be conveniently tuned (in magnitude and sign) by changing the pH of water.
Pyramid Textured Photonic Films with High‐Refractive Index Fillers for Efficient Radiative Cooling
Authors: Fu Yuting , Chen Le , Guo Yuao , Shi Yuqing , Liu Yanjun , Zeng Yuqiang , Lin Yuanjing , Luo Dan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSub‐ambient cooling technologies relying on passive radiation have garnered escalating research attention owing to the challenges posed by global warming and substantial energy consumption inherent in active cooling systems. However, achieving highly efficient radiative cooling devices capable of effective heat dissipation remains a challenge. Herein, by synergic optimization of the micro‐pyramid surface structures and 2D hexagonal boron nitride nanoplates (h‐BNNs) scattering fillers, pyramid textured photonic films with remarkable solar reflectivity of 98.5% and a mid‐infrared (MIR) emittance of 97.2% are presented. The h‐BNNs scattering filler with high thermal conductivity contributed to the enhanced through‐plane thermal conductivity up to 0.496 W m−1 K−1 and the in‐plane thermal conductivity of 3.175 W m−1 K−1. The photonic films exhibit an optimized effective radiative cooling power of 201.2 W m−2 at 40 °C under a solar irradiance of 900 W m−2 and a daily sub‐ambient cooling effect up to 11 °C. Even with simultaneous internal heat generation by a 10 W ceramic heater and external solar irradiance of 500 W m−2, a sub‐ambient cooling of 5 °C can be realized. The synergic matching strategy of high thermal conductivity scattering fillers and microstructured photonic surfaces holds promise for scalable sub‐ambient radiative cooling technologies.
Morphogenic Modeling of Corrosion Reveals Complex Effects of Intermetallic Particles
Authors: Batista Bruno C. , Romanovskaia Elena , Romanovski Valentin , Emmanuel Michael , Burns James T. , Ma Ji , Kiss Istvan Z. , Scully John R. , Steinbock Oliver 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCorrosion processes are often discussed as stochastic events. Here, it is shown that some of these seemingly random processes are not driven by nanoscopic fluctuations but rather by the spatial distribution of micrometer‐scale heterogeneities that trigger fast reactions associated with corrosion. Using a novel excitable reaction‐diffusion model, corrosion waves traveling over the metal surface and the associated material loss are described. This resulting nonuniform corrosion penetration, seen as a height loss in modeling, exposes buried intermetallic particles, which depending on the local electrochemical state of the surface trigger or block new waves. Informed by quantitative experimental data for the Mg–Al–Zn alloy AZ31B, wave speeds, wave widths, and average material loss are accurately captured. Morphogenic mitigation based on wave‐breaking microparticles is also simulated. While AZ31B corrosion is identified as a process driven by rare‐wave events, this study predicts several other corrosion regimes that proceed via spots or patchy patterns, opening the door for new protection, design, and prediction strategies.
Soft Fibrous Syringe Architecture for Electricity‐Free and Motorless Control of Flexible Robotic Systems
Authors: Nguyen Chi Cong , Hoang Trung Thien , Davies James , Phan Phuoc Thien , Thai Mai Thanh , Nicotra Emanuele , Abed Amr Al , Tran Hien A. , Truong Thanh An , Sharma Bibhu , Ji Adrienne , Zhu Kefan , Wang Chun Hui , Phan Hoang‐Phuong , Lovell Nigel Hamilton , Do Thanh Nho 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFlexible robotic systems (FRSs) and wearable user interfaces (WUIs) have been widely used in medical fields, offering lower infection risk and shorter recovery, and supporting amiable human–machine interactions (HMIs). Recently, soft electric, thermal, magnetic, and fluidic actuators with enhanced safety and compliance have innovatively boosted the use of FRSs and WUIs across many sectors. Among them, soft hydraulic actuators offer great speed, low noise, and high force density. However, they currently require bulky electric motors/pumps, pistons, valves, rigid accessories, and complex controllers, which inherently result in high cost, low adaptation, and complex setups. This paper introduces a novel soft fibrous syringe architecture (SFSA) consisting of two or more hydraulically connected soft artificial muscles that enable electricity‐free actuation, motorless control, and built‐in sensing ability for use in FRSs and WUIs. Its capabilities are experimentally demonstrated with various robotic applications including teleoperated flexible catheters, cable‐driven continuum robotic arms, and WUIs. In addition, its sensing abilities to detect passive and active touch, surface texture, and object stiffness are also proven. These excellent results demonstrate a high feasibility of using a current‐free and motor‐less control approach for the FRSs and WUIs, enabling new methods of sensing and actuation across the robotic field.
Neutrophil‐Targeting Semiconducting Polymer Nanotheranostics for NIR‐II Fluorescence Imaging‐Guided Photothermal‐NO‐Immunotherapy of Orthotopic Glioblastoma
Authors: Liu Jiansheng , Cheng Danling , Zhu Anni , Ding Mengbin , Yu Ningyue , Li Jingchao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is one of the deadliest primary brain tumors, but its diagnosis and curative therapy still remain a big challenge. Herein, neutrophil‐targeting semiconducting polymer nanotheranostics (SSPNiNO) is reported for second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) fluorescence imaging‐guided trimodal therapy of orthotopic glioblastoma in mouse models. The SSPNiNO are formed based on two semiconducting polymers acting as NIR‐II fluorescence probe as well as photothermal conversion agent, respectively. A thermal‐responsive nitric oxide (NO) donor and an adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR) inhibitor are co‐integrated into SSPNiNO to enable trimodal therapeutic actions. SSPNiNO are surface attached with a neutrophil‐targeting ligand to mediate their effective delivery into orthotopic GBM sites via a “Trojan Horse” manner, enabling high‐sensitive NIR‐II fluorescence imaging. Upon NIR‐II light illumination, SSPNiNO effectively generates heat via NIR‐II photothermal effect, which not only kills tumor cells and induces immunogenic cell death (ICD), but also triggers controlled NO release to strengthen tumor ICD. Additionally, the encapsulated A2AR inhibitor can modulate immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by blocking adenosine‐A2AR pathway, which further boosts the antitumor immunological effect to observably suppress the orthotopic GBM progression. This study can provide a multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform with cumulative therapeutic actions for NIR‐II fluorescence imaging‐guided effective GBM treatment.
Deciphering 3'UTR Mediated Gene Regulation Using Interpretable Deep Representation Learning
Authors: Yang Yuning , Li Gen , Pang Kuan , Cao Wuxinhao , Zhang Zhaolei , Li Xiangtao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe 3' untranslated regions (3'UTRs) of messenger RNAs contain many important cis‐regulatory elements that are under functional and evolutionary constraints. It is hypothesized that these constraints are similar to grammars and syntaxes in human languages and can be modeled by advanced natural language techniques such as Transformers, which has been very effective in modeling complex protein sequence and structures. Here 3UTRBERT is described, which implements an attention‐based language model, i.e., Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT). 3UTRBERT is pre‐trained on aggregated 3'UTR sequences of human mRNAs in a task‐agnostic manner; the pre‐trained model is then fine‐tuned for specific downstream tasks such as identifying RBP binding sites, m6A RNA modification sites, and predicting RNA sub‐cellular localizations. Benchmark results show that 3UTRBERT generally outperformed other contemporary methods in each of these tasks. More importantly, the self‐attention mechanism within 3UTRBERT allows direct visualization of the semantic relationship between sequence elements and effectively identifies regions with important regulatory potential. It is expected that 3UTRBERT model can serve as the foundational tool to analyze various sequence labeling tasks within the 3'UTR fields, thus enhancing the decipherability of post‐transcriptional regulatory mechanisms.