bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A sensitive and high‐throughput LC‐MS/MS method for inhibition assay of seven major cytochrome P450s in human liver microsomes using an in vitro cocktail of probe substrates
Authors: Liu Li‐Ya , Han Yong‐Long , Zhu Jin‐Hui , Yu Qi , Yang Quan‐Jun , Lu Jin , Guo Cheng 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA sensitive and high‐throughput LC‐MS/MS method was established and validated for the simultaneous quantification of seven probe substrate‐derived metabolites (cocktail assay) for assessing the in vitro inhibition of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in pooled human liver microsomes. The metabolites acetaminophen (CYP1A2), hydroxy‐bupropion (CYP2B6), n‐desethyl‐amodiaquine (CYP2C8), 4′‐hydroxy‐diclofenac (CYP2C9), 4′‐hydroxy‐mephenytoin (CYP2C19), dextrorphan (CYP2D6) and 1′‐hydroxy‐midazolam (CYP3A4/5), together with the internal standard verapamil, were eluted on an Agilent 1200 series liquid chromatograph in <7 min. All metabolites were detected by an Agilent 6410B tandem mass spectrometer. The concentration of each probe substrate was selected by substrate inhibition assay that reduced potential substrate interactions. CYP inhibition of seven well‐known inhibitors was confirmed by comparing a single probe substrate assay with cocktail assay. The IC50 values of these inhibitors determined on this cocktail assay were highly correlated (R2 > 0.99 for each individual probe substrate) with those on single assay. The method was selective and showed good accuracy (85.89–113.35%) and between‐day (RSD <13.95%) and within‐day (RSD <9.90%) precision. The sample incubation extracts were stable at 25 °C for 48 h and after three freeze–thaw cycles. This seven‐CYP inhibition cocktail assay significantly increased the efficiency of accurately assessing compounds’ potential inhibition of the seven major CYPs in drug development settings. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sensitive method for the determination of paricalcitol by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry and its application to a clinical pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Hotha Kishore Kumar , Mullangi Ramesh , Lakshmanarao Krishnarao Ravindranath , Roychowdhury Swapan 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA highly sensitive, specific and rapid LC‐ESI‐MS/MS method has been developed and validated for the quantification of paricalcitol (PAR) in human plasma (500 μL) using paricalcitol‐d6 (PAR‐d6) as an internal standard (IS) as per regulatory guidelines. A liquid–liquid extraction method was used to extract the analyte and IS from human plasma. Chromatography was achieved on Zorbax SB C18 column using an isocratic mobile phase in a gradient flow. The total chromatographic run time was 6.0 min and the elution of PAR and PAR‐d6 occurred at ~2.6 min. A linear response function was established for the range of concentrations 10–500 pg/mL in human plasma. The intra‐ and inter‐day accuracy and precision values for PAR met the acceptance criteria. The validated assay was applied to quantitate PAR concentrations in human plasma following oral administration of 4 µg capsules to humans. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐Temperature Capture of CO2 on Lithium‐Based Sorbents Prepared by a Water‐Based Sol‐Gel Technique
Authors: Wang Ke , Wang Xinyong , Zhao Pengfei , Guo Xin 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA convenient water‐based sol‐gel technique was used to prepare a highly efficient lithium orthosilicate‐based sorbent (Li4SiO4‐G) for CO2 capture at high temperature. The Li4SiO4‐G sorbent was systematically studied and compared with the Li4SiO4‐S sorbent prepared by solid‐state reaction. Both sorbents were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption, and thermogravimetry. The CO2 sorption stability was investigated in a dual fixed‐bed reactor. Li4SiO4‐G exhibited a special Li4SiO4 structure with smaller crystalline nanoparticles, larger surface area, and higher CO2 adsorption properties as compared with Li4SiO4‐S. The Li4SiO4‐G sorbent also maintained higher capacities during multiple cycles.
Hybrid Process for o‐ and p‐Xylene Production in Aromatics Plants
Authors: Moreira Mariana A. , Ferreira Alexandre F. P. , Santos João C. , Loureiro José M. , Rodrigues Alírio E. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA new hybrid process for the production of o‐ and p‐xylene is proposed to replace the traditional plant of aromatics in refineries. The proposed process comprises a simulated moving bed (SMB) unit and two crystallizers. The SMB technology as the first unit of the suggested process is applied for the separation of xylene isomers and was investigated by simulation of an industrial size unit, using experimentally measured adsorption equilibrium data on MIL‐53(Al)‐shaped material. The separation of p‐xylene from o‐xylene with m‐xylene as desorbent is the key characteristic of this method. An industrial‐scale SMB unit could provide extract and raffinate streams with very high purities.
Aberrant synaptic input to retinal ganglion cells varies with morphology in a mouse model of retinal degeneration
Authors: Yee Christopher W. , Toychiev Abduqodir H. , Ivanova Elena , Sagdullaev Botir T. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTRetinal degeneration describes a group of disorders which lead to progressive photoreceptor cell death, resulting in blindness. As this occurs, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) begin to develop oscillatory physiological activity. Here we studied the morphological and physiological properties of RGCs in rd1 mice, aged 30–60 days, to determine how this aberrant activity correlates with morphology. Patch‐clamp recordings of excitatory and inhibitory currents were performed, then dendritic structures were visualized by infusion of fluorescent dye. Only RGCs with oscillatory activity were selected for further analysis. Oscillatory frequency and power were calculated using power spectral density analysis of recorded currents. Dendritic arbor stratification, total length, and area were measured from confocal microscope image stacks. These measurements were used to sort RGCs by cluster analysis using Ward's Method. This resulted in a total of 10 clusters, with monostratified and bistratified cells having five clusters each. Both populations exhibited correlations between arbor stratification and aberrant inhibitory input, while excitatory input did not vary with arbor distribution. These findings illustrate the relationship between aberrant activity and RGC morphology at early stages of retinal degeneration. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:4085–4099, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Endogenous versus exogenous markers of adult neurogenesis in canaries and other birds: Advantages and disadvantages
Authors: Balthazart Jacques , Ball Gregory F. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTAlthough the existence of newborn neurons had originally been suggested, but not broadly accepted, based on studies in adult rodent brains, the presence of an active neurogenesis process in adult homoeothermic vertebrates was first firmly established in songbirds. Adult neurogenesis was initially studied with the tritiated thymidine technique, later replaced by the injection and detection of the marker of DNA replication 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine (BrdU). More recently, various endogenous markers were used to identify young neurons or cycling neuronal progenitors. We review here the respective advantages and pitfalls of these different approaches in birds, with specific reference to the microtubule‐associated protein, doublecortin (DCX), that has been extensively used to identify young newly born neurons in adult brains. All these techniques of course have limitations. Exogenous markers label cells replicating their DNA only during a brief period and it is difficult to select injection doses that would exhaustively label all these cells without inducing DNA damage that will also result in some form of labeling during repair. On the other hand, specificity of endogenous markers is difficult to establish due to problems related to the specificity of antibodies (these problems can be, but are not always, addressed) and more importantly because it is difficult, if not impossible, to prove that a given marker exhaustively and specifically labels a given cell population. Despite these potential limitations, these endogenous markers and DCX staining in particular clearly represent a useful approach to the detailed study of neurogenesis especially when combined with other techniques such as BrdU. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:4100–4120, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diethyl Tartrate Linked Chiral Macrocyclic Manganese(III)–Salen Complex for Enantioselective Epoxidation of Olefins and Oxidative Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Secondary Alcohols
Authors: Maity Nabin Ch. , Kumar Bera Prasanta , Saravanan S. , Abdi Sayed H. R. , Kureshy Rukhsana I. , Khan Noor‐ul H. , Bajaj Hari C. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractInvited for this month’s cover is the group of Dr. Sayed H. R. Abdi from Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSMCRI), India. The cover picture shows a single metal complex that can catalyse the asymmetric epoxidation of non‐functionalised olefins as well as oxidative kinetic resolution of racemic alcohols, which is carried out with great ease. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.201402131
Catalytic Depolymerization of Lignin in Supercritical Ethanol
Authors: Huang Xiaoming , Korányi Tamás I. , Boot Michael D. , Hensen Emiel J. M. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the group of Emiel Hensen at the Eindhoven University of Technology. The image on the right shows how soda lignin is depolymerized and stabilized under supercritical ethanol over a Cu‐containing mixed oxide catalyst. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.201402094
Lymphocytes subsets reference values in childhood
Authors: Tosato F. , Bucciol G. , Pantano G. , Putti M. C. , Sanzari M.C. , Basso G. , Plebani M. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractImmunophenotyping of blood lymphocyte subsets and activation markers is a basic tool in the diagnostic process of primary immunodeficiency diseases, its use becoming more and more widespread as the knowledge about these illnesses increases. However, the availability of reliable reference values, which need to be age‐matched for the pediatric population, is a pre‐requisite for the reliable interpretation of immunophenotyping data. Aim of this study is to analyze the lymphocyte subsets and activation markers distribution in children aged 0–18 years referring to the University Hospital of Padova and to create age‐matched reference values expressed by percentiles, thus providing a valuable guideline for the interpretation of the immunophenotype. © 2014 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Performance analysis of distributed underwater wireless acoustic sensor networks systems in the presence of internal solitons
Authors: Mandal Amit Kumar , Misra Sudip , Dash Mihir Kumar , Ojha Tamoghna 
Published: August 2014

SummaryIn this paper, we have analyzed the performance of distributed Underwater Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks (UWASNs) in the presence of internal solitons in the ocean. Internal waves commonly occur in a layered oceanic environment having differential medium density. So, in a layered shallow oceanic region, the inclusion of the effect of internal solitons on the performance of the network is important. Based on various observations, it is proved that nonlinear internal waves, that is, solitons are one of the major scatterers of underwater sound. If sensor nodes are deployed in such type of environment, internode communication is affected because of the interaction of wireless acoustic signal with these solitons, as a result of which network performance is greatly affected. We have evaluated the performance of UWASNs in the 3‐D deployment scenario of nodes, in which source nodes are deployed in the ocean floor. In this paper, four performance metrics, namely, Signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise‐ratio (SINR), bit error rate (BER), Delay (DELAY), and energy consumption are introduced to assess the performance of UWASNs. Simulation studies show that in the presence of internal solitons, SINR decreases by approximately 10%, BER increases by 17%, delay increases by 0.24%, and energy consumption per node increases by 53.05%, approximately. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Family meals and disordered eating in adolescents: Are the benefits the same for everyone?
Authors: Loth Katie , Wall Melanie , Choi Chien‐Wen , Bucchianeri Michaela , Quick Virginia , Larson Nicole , Neumark‐Sztainer Dianne 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo examine the association between family meals and disordered eating behaviors within a diverse sample of adolescents and further investigate whether family‐level variables moderate this association.MethodData from adolescents (EAT 2010: Eating and Activity in Teens) and their parents (Project F‐EAT: Families and Eating and Activity among Teens) were collected in 2009–2010. Surveys were completed by 2,382 middle and high school students (53.2% girls, mean age = 14.4 years) from Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN, public schools. Parents/guardians (n= 2,792) completed surveys by mail or phone.ResultsGreater frequency of family meals was associated with decreased odds of engaging in unhealthy weight control behaviors in boys, and dieting, unhealthy and extreme weight control behaviors in girls. Results indicate that the protective effects of family meals are, in general, robust to family‐level variables; 64 interactions were examined and only seven were statistically significant. For example, among girls, the protective nature of family meals against dieting and unhealthy weight control behaviors was diminished if they also reported family weight‐related teasing (bothp< .01).DiscussionThe results confirmed previous research indicating that participation in family meals is protective against disordered eating for youth, particularly girls. However, results suggest that in some cases, the protection offered by family meals may be modified by family‐level variables. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:100–110)
Triggering of NF‐κB in cytokine‐matured human DCs generates superior DCs for T‐cell priming in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Pfeiffer Isabell A. , Hoyer Stefanie , Gerer Kerstin F. , Voll Reinhard E. , Knippertz Ilka , Gückel Eva , Schuler Gerold , Schaft Niels , Dörrie Jan 
Published: August 2014

Understanding the signaling that governs the immunogenicity of human dendritic cells (DCs) is a prerequisite for improving DC‐based therapeutic vaccination strategies, in which the ability of DCs to induce robust and lasting Ag‐specific CTL responses is of critical importance. Cytokine‐matured DCs are regularly used, but to induce memory‐type CTLs, they require additional activation stimuli, such as CD4+ T‐cell help or TLR activation. One common denominator of these stimuli is the activation of NF‐κB. Here, we show that human monocyte‐derived, cytokine cocktail‐matured DCs transfected with constitutively active mutants of IκB kinases (caIKKs) by mRNA electroporation, further upregulated maturation markers, and secreted enhanced amounts of cytokines, including IL‐12p70, which was produced for more than 48 h after transfection. Most importantly, cytotoxic T cells induced by caIKK‐transfected DCs combined high CD27 expression, indicating a more memory‐like phenotype, and a markedly enhanced secondary expandability with a high lytic capacity. In contrast, CTLs primed and expanded with unmodified cytokine cocktail‐matured DCs did not maintain their proliferative capacity upon repetitive stimulations. We hypothesize that “designer” DCs expressing constitutively active IκB kinases will prove highly immunogenic also in vivo and possibly emerge as a new strategy to improve the clinical efficacy of therapeutic vaccinations against cancer and other chronic diseases.
An Efficient Partial Reduction of α,β‐Unsaturated Esters Using DIBAL‐H in Flow
Authors: Yoshida Masahito , Otaka Hiroyuki , Doi Takayuki 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe partial reduction of α,β‐unsaturated esters and benzoate derivatives to form the corresponding aldehydes was achieved using a flow reactor system within 1 s at a high flow rate (18 mL min–1) under cryogenic conditions (–97 °C). Commercially available diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAL‐H) was used as the reductant. The desired enals and benzaldehyde derivatives, except for 4‐methoxycinnamate and 4‐methoxybenzoate, were formed selectively and redox economically in moderate to high yields.
Flow Injection Analysis System Using Magnetic Beads, Screen Printed Electrodes and Magnets
Authors: Biscay Julien , Begoña González García María , García Agustín Costa 
Published: August 2014

AbstractHere is presented a Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) system using a flow cell with an integrated magnet, applied to biotin determination. The mixture of magnetic beads modified with streptavidin (Strep‐MB), biotin and B‐HRP is left 15 minutes under stirring and then a washing step is performed in an automatic way thanks to the external magnets coupled in the FIA system. After the immobilization of the MBs on the surface of the electrode, 3,3′,5,5′‐Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) is injected. The linear range obtained is between 0.5 to 10 pM of biotin and the sensitivity is 85 nA/pM.
Clarithromycin as a chiral selector for enantioseparation of basic compounds in nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Lebedeva Margarita V. , Prokhorova Aleksandra F. , Shapovalova Elena N. , Shpigun Oleg A. 
Published: August 2014

The first use of macrolide antibiotic clarithromycin (CLM) in nonaqueous media for enantioseparation (partial or baseline) of the following compounds: alprenolol, atenolol, metoprolol, clenbuterol, methoxyphenamine, pindolol, propranolol, sotalol, synephrine, labetalol, and fenoterol is reported. Each analysis took less than 15 min. To find optimal separation conditions, some properties of CLM (adsorption, solubility), as well as the effect of experimental parameters on the enantioseparation of analytes (background electrolyte composition, chiral selector concentration, temperature, and applied voltage) were studied. The best chiral resolution was achieved in methanolic solution of 100 mM citric acid, 10 mM NaOH, 240–300 mM H3BO3, and 60–75 mM CLM. Using the proposed procedure, adsorption of CLM on the capillary wall was negligible and the repeatability of the migration times (RSD) was as good as 1.6%. For the analysis of propranolol, the linearity was achieved in the concentration range 2.5 × 10−2– 3.0 × 10−1 mg/mL with the LODs (3 × S/N) being equal 2.6 × 10−3 mg/mL and 2.8 × 10−3 mg/mL for the first and the second enantiomers, respectively. Linear range for metoprolol enantiomers was 1.0 × 10−2 –1.6 × 10−1 mg/mL. The LODs (3 × S/N) were determined as 2.8 × 10−3 and 3.0 × 10−3 mg/mL for the first and the second enantiomers, respectively.
Effects of amphibian chytrid fungus exposure on American toads in the presence of an insecticide
Authors: Wise Rayona S. , Rumschlag Samantha L. , Boone Michelle D. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Abiotic factors such as pesticides may alter the impact of a pathogen on hosts, which could have implications for host–pathogen interactions and may explain variation in disease outbreaks in nature. In the present laboratory experiment, American toad (Anaxyrus americanus) metamorphs were exposed to the amphibian chytrid fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and environmentally relevant concentrations of the insecticide malathion to determine whether malathion altered the effects of Bd exposure on growth and survival of toad metamorphs. Exposure to Bd significantly decreased survival over the 51 d of the experiment, suggesting that Bd could reduce recruitment into the terrestrial life stage when exposure occurs at metamorphosis. Malathion did not impact survival, but a 12-h exposure at metamorphosis significantly reduced terrestrial growth. Toads that were exposed to both Bd and malathion showed a nonsignificant trend toward the smallest growth compared with other treatments. The present study suggests that Bd may pose a threat to American toads even though population declines have not been observed for this species; in addition, the presence of both the insecticide malathion and Bd could reduce terrestrial growth, which could have implications for lifetime fitness and suggests that environmental factors could play a role in pathogen impacts in nature. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2541–2544. © 2014 SETAC
Accounting for dissociation and photolysis: A review of the algal toxicity of triclosan
Authors: Roberts Jayne , Price Oliver R. , Bettles Nicola , Rendal Cecilie , van Egmond Roger 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Triclosan, an antimicrobial agent commonly used in down-the-drain consumer products, is toxic to freshwater microalgae. However, the rapid photolysis and pH-dependent dissociation of this compound may give rise to uncertainty in growth inhibition tests with freshwater microalgae, if these are not well characterized. Methods are presented to minimize these uncertainties by stabilizing pH with an organic buffering agent (Bis-Tris) and by the application of ultraviolet (UV) covers to remove UV wavelengths. Toxicity tests with these methods were in compliance with the validity criteria of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development test 201, and no negative effects were seen in controls relative to the unmodified method. The methods were used for toxicity tests with triclosan at pH levels of 7.0, 8.0, and 8.5, yielding effective concentration, 10% values of 0.5 µg/L, 0.6 µg/L, and 12.1 µg/L, respectively. The observed change in toxicity with pH was proportional to the change in bioconcentration factor (BCF) as calculated using the cell model (a dynamic flux model based on the Fick–Nernst–Planck equations, in this case parameterized for an algal cell). Effect concentrations produced with the methods presented in the present study offer robust data on which to base risk assessment, and it is suggested that similar approaches be used to minimize uncertainty when other compounds that dissociate and photolyse are tested. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2551–2559. © 2014 SETAC
Energy management strategies for base stations in a smart grid environment
Authors: Leithon J. , Sun S. , Lim T. J. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn this paper, we propose an optimal energy management strategy that minimises the energy bill incurred by cellular base stations (CBSs) in a smart grid environment. The CBS can harvest renewable energy for local use and is equipped with a limited‐capacity battery that is subject to charging and discharging losses. Because the proposed optimal strategy requires non‐causal information and hence cannot be implemented online, we propose an estimation‐based strategy that only requires causal knowledge of the renewable energy generation and the energy consumption at the CBS. Through simulations, we show that the proposed online estimation‐based strategy has only a small performance gap from the optimal offline strategy. Additionally, we derive and verify three analytical results: an upper bound for the optimal cost, the critical battery capacity, above which no further cost reduction can be achieved, and the conditions on the energy price profile, which ensure that the savings can outweigh both the operational and the per‐cycle battery costs. These analytical results can be used as guidelines in designing energy storage systems for CBSs in a smart grid environment. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.