bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relative Acceleration and Maximum Velocity in Rugby Players According to Age Category and Playing Position
Authors: Zabaloy Santiago , Freitas Tomás T. , Alcaraz Pedro E. , Gálvez-González Javier , Pereira Lucas A. , Comyns Tom , Loturco Irineu , Healy Robin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Zabaloy, S, Freitas, TT, Alcaraz, PE, Gálvez-González, J, Pereira, LA, Comyns, T, Loturco, I, and Healy, R. Relative acceleration and maximum velocity in rugby players according to age category and playing position. J Strength Cond Res 38(10): 1778–1785, 2024—This study aimed to: (a) assess the intrasession reliability of the acceleration time constant (i.e., τ) and τ-derived measures; (b) analyze the influence of τ and maximum velocity (Vmax) on 40-m sprint performance and to compare various sprint-related outcomes among rugby players from different playing positions and age categories; and (c) explore the associations between τ and several sprint performance metrics. A total of 300 male rugby players volunteered to participate in this study and were divided into age categories (i.e., under-14 [U14]: n = 91, age: 12.6 ± 0.5 years; under-16 [U16]: n = 85, age: 14.8 ± 0.5 years; under-18 [U18]: n = 75, age: 16.6 ± 0.5 years; and Seniors: n = 49, age: 24.2 ± 4.1 years). The results demonstrated good to excellent reliability for all measured parameters (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.75 and coefficient of variation <9.0%). Younger players (i.e., U14 and U16) displayed lower τ values (effect size: moderate to large; p < 0.02) compared with their older peers (i.e., U18 and Seniors), regardless of their playing position. Moreover, τ was associated with sprint performance metrics at varying levels of correlations (Rho: small to almost perfect; p < 0.001). In conclusion, younger players exhibited lower τ values than their older counterparts, irrespective of their playing positions. The model employed in this study demonstrated its accuracy in assessing several key sprint performance metrics, offering insights that can enhance sprint training programs for rugby players, which can be based on the associations observed among these different variables.
Energetics and Basic Stroke Kinematics of Swimming With Different Styles of Wetsuits
Authors: Lim Boram , Villalobos Alejandro , Mercer John A. , Crocker George H. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Lim, B, Villalobos, A, Mercer, JA, and Crocker, GH. Energetics and basic stroke kinematics of swimming with different styles of wetsuits. J Strength Cond Res 38(10): 1793–1799, 2024—This study investigated the physiological responses and basic stroke kinematics while wearing different styles of wetsuits during submaximal intensity front-crawl swimming. Fourteen subjects (6 men and 8 women) completed a swimming-graded exercise test to determine maximal aerobic capacity (V̇O2max) and four 4-minute submaximal front-crawl swims at a pace that elicited 80% of V̇O2max with different wetsuits: regular swimsuit (no wetsuit [NWS]), buoyancy shorts (BS), sleeveless wetsuit (SLW), and full-sleeve wetsuit (FSW). The rate of oxygen consumption (V̇O2), rate of carbon dioxide production (V̇CO2), minute ventilation (V̇E), heart rate (HR), respiratory exchange ratio, and cost of swimming (CS) were determined as the average for the last minute of each trial. The rating of perceived exertion was assessed after each swimming bout. In addition, stroke length and index were determined from swimming pace and stroke rate. V̇O2, V̇CO2, V̇E, HR, and CS differed significantly among wetsuit conditions (p < 0.01). Respiratory exchange ratio and rating of perceived exertion also varied by wetsuit conditions (p < 0.05). However, stroke rate, length, and index were not significantly different across wetsuit conditions (p > 0.05). No differences existed between SLW and FSW for any dependent variable (p > 0.05). Results from this study suggest that swimming at the same pace without a wetsuit is the least economical, and both SLW and FSW are most and equally economical without significant kinematic changes. In addition, BS could be beneficial during training and racing in terms of less physiological demands than a regular swimsuit but not as economical as the SLW or FSW.
Išmaniųjų telefonų turėjimo mokymosi metu poveikis informacijos atsiminimui psichologijos studentų imtyje
Authors: Zarevičiūtė Lela , Jarašiūnaitė - Fedosejeva Gabija 
Published: July 2024

The impact of smartphones on people’s daily lives is increasing. However, despite the benefits of smartphones, the adverse effects of these devices are becoming more prominent in the academic environment; therefore, it is important to analyse them. The aim of the research is to evaluate the effects that possessing of a smartphone while studying has on the recall of information in a sample of psychology students. The research analysed data collected from a sample of 80 second and third-year students from the bachelor’s program in psychology (69 females, 10 males, and 1 “other”). The age of the participants varied from 19 to 54 years (average age – 24 years, std. deviation – 7.93 years). Research method: experiment. The participants were divided into groups, according to the effects: 1) those who could not have their smartphones during the lecture; 2) those who could have their smartphones during the lecture but were asked not to use them; 3) those who could have their smartphones during the lecture and were not given any instruction on their usage. During each experiment session, 8–13 students from each group watched a 20-minute lecture recording. After the lecture, the participants completed a short test on the lecture’s content. After finishing the test, the participants filled in a nomophobia questionnaire (Yildirim & Correia, 2015). One week after participating in the experiment, students sent in a screenshot with the information on their average smartphone screen time. Students who had their smartphones during the lecture recalled the information worse than those who did not. However, no significant differences were found between the group of students who were given instructions on the usage of smartphones and those who were not. The results also revealed that a higher average time spent using a smartphone was associated with poorer recall of lecture information.
When will the «Battle for the Dnipro» end in	public consciousness:	a discussion around the re-exposition of diorama and the	hall	of the history of the World	War	II in	the Dmytro Yavornitskiy Dnipropetrovsk National Historical Museum
Authors: Lavrenko V.S. , Pischanska Yu.	V. 
Published: July 2024

The article highlights the key issues of the social debate that broke out in the city of Dnipro in 2017‒2022 as part of the modernization of the «Battle for the Dnipro» diorama and the re-exposition of the hall of the history of the WWII in Dmytro Yavornitskiy Dnipropetrovsk National Historical Museum. The need for re-exposition was caused by the technical condition of the existing museum space and the challenges of de- Sovietization and decolonization. Despite the obvious need for periodic renewal of the museum space, a large part of the city’s public took a confrontational approach to the museum. This social confrontation was caused by nostalgia for the Soviet Union, the mass perception of the museum as an unchanging space, the desire of individual citizens to see the stories of their ancestors in the exposition, that is, a kind of «appropriation of memories». The war for the heroes and symbols of the new exhibition and for the dead lines of implementation of this museum project, which is taking place in the public consciousness of our time, seems to metaphorically continue the «Battle for the Dnipro» of 1943. Currently, due to the Russian full-scale invasion of Ukraine, active repair work in the museum has stopped. Despite the social pressure, the group working on the re-exposition, nevertheless, continues to stand on the positions of anthropocentrism, the importance to highlight uncomfortable issues and fill the "blind spots" of history with museum methods. The «Battle for the Dnipro» diorama, the World War II History Hall, and the Museum of the Modern Russian- Ukrainian War, combined in space, will become a complete complex of the military history of the region.
Psychedelic trip sitting, dosages and intensities: Supplementing clinical studies with anecdotal reports
Authors: Engel Liam B. , Thal Sascha , Bright Stephen J. , Low Mitchell 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsOnline communities provide insights into psychedelic consumption, assisting in identification of trends, informing both harm reduction provisions and clinical research. This study extracts forum data on psychedelic substances, dosages, and administration routes, categorising and analysing self-reported consumption to inform care services and guide clinical work with psychedelics.MethodsPosts (n = 660) from online psychedelic forums (The Shroomery and DMT Nexus) on 'trip sitting' were analysed. Using a Delphi-style expert panel review facilitated by LE, we created drug weight and intensity charts (threshold, light, common, strong and heavy dosages) for psychedelics discussed in these posts. The psychedelic substance, dosage intensity and route of administration [ROA] (smoked/vaporised, oral, injected, insufflated and undisclosed) frequencies and exploring correlations with perceived need for assistance from a psychedelic carer were mapped and correlated with perceived need for psychedelic care.ResultsPsychedelics appearing in our data were 5-MeO-DMT, ayahuasca, changa, LSA, LSD and psilocybin. There was greater commonality between clinical studies and 'common' doses determined through the Delphi method, for more extensively researched substances like LSD and psilocybin. Many posts indicated opinions that psychedelic care was unnecessary or optional for consumers, particularly for LSD and LSA. 5-MeO-DMT was strongly associated with a perceived need for care. A correlation was identified between greater psychedelic purity, dosage intensity, and a perceived need for care. Oral administration, the most common ROA, showed lower dosage intensity.ConclusionMore research is needed to understand factors influencing psychedelic care practices. Educational information, emphasizing risk management strategies, should be provided to psychedelic consumers, emphasising psychedelic products and administration methods more likely to be dosed at a strong or heavy intensity.
Líneas metodológicas para la formación de profesores de lenguas extranjeras
Authors: Higueras García Marta 
Published: July 2024

The training of teachers of foreign languages needs to respond to the complexity of the profession. To be a good professional in this field, trainees need knowledge about language, didactics, language acquisition, techniques to teach different linguistic contents, etc. In addition, a series of didactic, communicative and intercultural skills are required. These can only be improved through constant practice. Consequently, «what» to include in teacher training courses and «how» to address training activities is not easy to know. This article will explain some methodological lines that guarantee quality in training within our approach: what to teach and how to do it, taking into account the role of teachers in their teaching activity, and as members of the educational centre and professional community. It will explain in detail how the workshop that took place in the first EnELE Congress (Rovira i Virgili University) was designed, developed and assessed. Finally, this article will comment on training activities held in Instituto Cervantes (IC).
Syllable, accent, rhythm: typological and methodological considerations for teaching Spanish as a foreign language
Authors: Lahoz José María 
Published: July 2024

Rhythm is a speech property related to the temporal organization of sounds in terms of grouping. Segmentation units are language-specific and emerge from phonological properties such as syllable structure, phonotactics, and prosodic contrasts at the lexical and postlexical level.Rhythmic differences across languages pose problems for second language acquisition, given the intricate combination of acoustic cues, the perceptual difficulties caused by phonological deafness, and the interferences with the organization of segmental contrasts and with lexical access.This paper provides a typological comparison that includes descriptions of the attested rhythm classes (syllable-timed, stress-timed, and mora-timed), as well as of word prosody systems (tone, pitch-accent, and stress languages). This analysis yields predictions regarding typical errors for learners of Spanish from different linguistic backgrounds.Additionally, Spanish syllable structure and stress system are described and some strategies are suggested to practice these in class.
Diseño de certificación lingüística comunicativa: ¿cómo evaluar la expresión e interacción escritas y orales?
Authors: Baralo Marta 
Published: July 2024

It is a real challenge for specialists in applied linguistics to measure and evaluate activities of language expression and interaction, no matter whether an oral or written channel is used for this purpose. In any case, the evaluation mainly depends on the evaluator’s subjective appreciation, his/ her beliefs and attitudes. In order to achieve a valid, reliable and authentic evaluation test, its design is required to be subject to a set of quality parameters, established by specialized institutions and agencies. Furthermore, its application needs to count on a group of trained evaluators that may guarantee agreement in the valuation of the candidate’s communicative and linguistic performance. This paper presents the research experience carried out within the framework of the design and implementation of the Diploma LETRA (Lengua Española para Trabajadores inmigrantes) in the Community of Madrid.
La integración de las TIC en la clase de ELE. Panorama de una (r)evolución
Authors: Hernández Mercedes María del Pilar 
Published: July 2024

This paper has a double purpose and meets the following guidelines. First, to check the status of the issue of integration of ICT in the Spanish as a foreign language classroom. Second, to indicate the most significant lines which will shape in the near future the teaching / learning Spanish as a foreign language or L2 in the ICT from the perspectives of the students, the researchers and teachers.
¡Mira quién calla! La didáctica del silencio en el aula de ELE
Authors: Méndez Guerrero Beatriz 
Published: July 2024

For some time, the teaching of foreign languages gives great weight to the acquisition of communicative competence and the teaching and learning of the sociocultural aspects of the language to be learned. Although curriculum plans and classroom programs give much importance to the prototypical communicative functions of language, scientific and educational community does not recognize the need to include nonverbal aspects of communication in teaching Spanish as a foreign language (ELE). As a result, the treatment of nonverbal communication (NVC) in the classroom of Spanish is very limited and fragmentary. This is seen more in the almost non-existent treatment of some non-verbal signs as silence. The objectives of this work are to reflect on (1) the communicative functions of silence in the Spanish culture, (2) the process has received non-verbal communication in the curriculum programs (MCER and PCIC), and (3) the possibility include silence in the classroom of Spanish as a foreign language by level and integrated way. After clarified these issues, we present a didactic unit to work silence in the initial levels of ELE. After clarified these issues, we present a didactic unit to work silence in the initial levels of ELE. All this is presented from an empirical study of several conversations corpus Val.Es.Co. (2002), which suggests that silence is a cultural element and sometimes ambiguous that should be addressed in linguistic research and teaching included in ELE.
Situaciòn de salud en las Amèricas
Authors: Castillo Carlos 
Published: July 2024

Nuestro equipo de trabajo es parte de un proceso històrico de la reconstrucciòn de este mosaico de salud pùblica que es las Amèricas. En esta ocasiòn, tratarè de ubicar algunos de los paràmetros cualitativos y cuantitativos de lo que es la situaciòn de salud de las poblaciones de las amèricas. Voy a hacer un enlace de lo que serìan las condiciones en 1980 y la entrada de este siglo hacia el año 2000, viendo las tendencias y las dinàmicas que se han ejercido y que de alguna forma estàn transformando el rol y la situaciòn en la regiòn.
Objetivos del Mileno en salud: ¿avance o retroceso?
Authors: Cardona Àlvaro 
Published: July 2024

El reto de abordar el tema de las perspectivas de los Objetivos del Milenio en salud lo entiendo como el ejercicio de hacer representaciones diferentes del marco social, econòmico y polìtico en que se desenvolverà nuestra sociedad, de tal modo que como espectadores distantes en el tiempo podamos insinuar hipòtesis acerca de su cumplimiento. Aunque no se tiene la intenciòn de discutir el concepto de "representaciòn social" ( que constituye el basamento de una tendencia analìtica en psicologìa social inaugurada por Serge Mocovici), en este escrito circula permanentemente la idea de que los hombres hacemos inteligible la realidad fìsica y social, validos de un sistema de valores, nociones y pràcticas.
estrategia de municipios saludables como política pública, Antioquia, Colombia, 2007
Authors: Chávez Blanca M. , Arbeláez María P. 
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: evaluar el proceso de formulación e implementación de la estrategia de municipios saludables como política pública en Antioquia, Colombia, en el periodo 2001-2005. Métodos: la investigación se realizó en dos componentes: uno cualitativo, para el cual se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales con los actores claves departamentales, subregionales y locales comprometidos en el proceso de formulación e implementación de la política; el componente cuantitativo incluyó una encuesta a los responsables institucionales municipales de la política y la revisión de los planes de desarrollo municipal del periodo 2004-2007. Resultados: la decisión política manifestada por las autoridades departamentales y locales acerca de la política de municipios saludables no fue suficiente para el desarrollo de la misma, la intención gubernamental no tuvo viabilidad en sus diferentes dimensiones y los planes de desarrollo municipal tampoco consideraron la viabilidad y sostenibilidad de la estrategia de municipios saludables como política pública. Conclusiones: el proceso de formulación de la política pública no fue deliberado, argumentado ni negociado; tampoco tuvo en cuenta el contexto político, económico, social ni el desarrollo institucional municipal. La decisión departamental no fue el resultado de un proceso incluyente para asegurar el desarrollo de la política.
High-Resolution Velocity and Seismic Anisotropy Structures of the 2021 Ms 6.0 Luxian Earthquake Zone in Sichuan Basin
Authors: Wu Pingping , Guo Huili , Xu Wei , Qin Tongwei , Li Dahu , Lu Laiyu , Ding Zhifeng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Ms 6.0 Luxian earthquake, which occurred in a shallow sedimentary cover on the southern margin of the Sichuan basin in China, stands as the most powerful earthquake ever recorded in this region. This study aims to integrate multiple seismological methods to comprehensively investigate the seismic nucleation environment. Using data from 91 densely distributed seismic stations within the Luxian earthquake zone, we constructed models for velocity, anisotropy, and interfaces. Our results suggest the presence of a detachment interface at depths of ∼4.0–5.0 km, which appears to function as a stress-decoupling layer. This is evidenced by a noticeable shift in the intensity and orientation of azimuthal anisotropy, transitioning from weak to strong, and altering its alignment from a northwest–southeast to a northeast–southwest orientation. The mainshock and aftershocks are predominantly clustered along the boundaries characterized by high- and low-velocity zones, as well as the boundary of VP/VS ratios beneath the detached layer. This suggests the likely existence of a pre-existing northwest–southeast-striking fault with a southwest dip, extending from the underlying basement to the overlying sedimentary cover. The radial anisotropy analysis reveals a predominance of negative values beneath the Huaying Mountain fault, whereas positive values are prominent in the Yujisi sedimentary syncline. This distinctive pattern implies tectonic movements related to fault activities within the fault zone. Based on our findings and previous research, we speculate that the Ms 6.0 Luxian earthquake may have been influenced by local stress fields and triggered by industrial activities.
Analyzing Volcanic, Tectonic, and Environmental Influences on the Seismic Velocity from 25 Years of Data at Mount St. Helens
Authors: Makus Peter , Denolle Marine A. , Sens-Schönfelder Christoph , Köpfli Manuela , Tilmann Frederik 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We estimate changes in the seismic velocity (dv/v) from 25 years of ambient seismic noise recorded at Mount St. Helens (MSH). At MSH, the availability of seismic stations changes frequently due to station failure and the installation of new stations. Therefore, it is difficult to combine relative measurements that do not span the same time and space. We tackle this challenge by developing a spatial imaging algorithm to normalize all ∼1400 dv/v time series onto one spatial grid. Thereby, we obtain time-dependent velocity change maps of the MSH region, which we analyze with the help of auxiliary observations, such as ground position (i.e., Global Navigation Satellite System [GNSS]), weather data, environmental observations, and regional seismicity. In the dv/v time series, we find a variety of dynamics caused by volcanic, tectonic, and environmental forcing. With the initiation of MSH’s 2004–2008 volcanic crisis, dv/v exhibits a significant increase, which we link to the deflation of the volcanic plumbing system, also observed on GNSS data. Between 2013 and 2018, when seismicity levels are elevated, we find lower velocities at depth. This phase is followed by an episode of relative quiescence, accompanied by significant dv/v increases close to the St. Helens seismic zone. We suggest a reinflation of the magmatic plumbing system after MSH’s 2004–2008 eruption lasting until about 2017. Afterward, the magmatic activity in the subsurface reduces, thereby decreasing pressure and increasing the seismic velocity. Fluctuating groundwater levels may dominate the seasonal cycles in the dv/v time series. A contrasting seasonal response between the high-elevation edifice and foothill valleys may indicate that surface freezing inhibits subsurface groundwater infiltration at higher altitudes.
Psychological Consequences of Experiencing Child Min Girls
Authors: Meghdadi Fatemeh , Khanjani Mahdi , Eskandari Hossein 
Published: July 2024

Aim: The research aimed to study the psychological consequences of child marriage among girls through a phenomenological approach and semi-structured interviews. Methods: Twenty women from Gilan, Khoozestan, Sistan and Baloochistan, Khorasan and Yazd province who experienced child marriage and their current ages were less than 50 years old were selected through purposive sampling. Interviews and observations were conducted by traveling to each province. Colaizzi method was used in order to analysis data. Results: Results were included of 5 main themes and 15 sub themes in psychological consequences. Main themes are crashed ego, psychic traumas, negative emotions, immaturity and personal maturity. Conclusion: The results showed that negative psychological consequences of child marriage are much more than their positive ones.