bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variability in morphology and immunohistochemistry of Crohn’s disease-associated small bowel neoplasms: implications of Claudin 18 and Cadherin 17 expression for tumor-targeted immunotherapies
Authors: Iwaya Mai , Kodama Makoto , Abe Keiko , Maeda Kahoko , Nakajima Tomoyuki , Uehara Takeshi , Nishio Risa , Yamana Tetsuo , Riddell Robert , Ota Hiroyoshi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAims: Inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal carcinomas are known to have different morphology, immunoprofile, and genetic findings from sporadic colorectal carcinomas; however, little is known for Crohn’s disease-associated small bowel neoplasms (CD-SBNs). Cadherin 17 is a useful biomarker of adenocarcinomas with intestinal phenotype and recently reported as an ideal target for chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T) therapy for gastrointestinal carcinoma. Claudin 18 is a cell adhesion protein, and Claudin18 isoform 2 (CLDN18.2) is frequently expressed at high levels in gastric-type adenocarcinoma. Zolbetuximab, a targeted monoclonal antibody, has been developed for CLDN18.2-positive gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. We examined a series of CD-SBNs for both Cadherin 17 and Claudin 18, and also hypothesized that expression of Claudin 18 was associated with gastric phenotype.Methods and results: We performed histological and immunohistochemical examinations on 25 CD-SBNs. Most of adenocarcinomas showed tubular morphology as seen in gastric carcinomas, whereas a subset of dysplasia was morphologically similar to that of the large bowel. Cadherin17 and Claudin 18 expression was identified in 93% and 57% CD-associated adenocarcinomas respectively. In Cadherin 17-positive CD-SBNs, frequent MUC5AC, MUC6, and Claudin18 expression was identified (61%, 57%, and 57%, respectively). Claudin 18-positive CD-SBNs showed significantly more MUC5AC and MUC6 expression than Claudin 18-negative CD-SBNs (P = 0.005, < 0.001 respectively).Conclusion: In CD-associated small bowel adenocarcinomas, Cadherin 17 expression was frequently retained and Claudin 18 was frequently co-expressed. Claudin 18 had a positive correlation with the expression of gastric mucins. These results suggest that CD-associated small bowel adenocarcinomas may be candidates for Cadherin 17- and Claudin 18-targeted immunotherapies.
Weighted sums and Berry-Esseen type estimates in free probability theory
Authors: Neufeld Leonie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe study weighted sums of free identically distributed self-adjoint random variables with weights chosen randomly from the unit sphere and show that the Kolmogorov distance between the distribution of such a weighted sum and Wigner’s semicircle law is of order $$n^{-\frac{1}{2}}$$

n

-

1
2

with high probability. Replacing the Kolmogorov distance by a weaker pseudometric, we obtain a rate of convergence of order $$n^{-1}$$

n

-
1

, thus providing a free analog of the Klartag-Sodin result in classical probability theory. Moreover, we show that our ideas generalize to the setting of sums of free non-identically distributed bounded self-adjoint random variables leading to a new rate of convergence in the free central limit theorem.
Living with glioblastoma — the need for integrated support based on experiences of chaos, loss of autonomy, and isolation in both patients and their relatives
Authors: Ståhl Pernilla , Henoch Ingela , Rydenhag Bertil , Smits Anja , Ozanne Anneli 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences of living with glioblastoma from the perspective of patients themselves as well as their closest relatives, focusing on the changes in the life situation and the need for support.

Methods
Twenty-two semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 patients (mean age 61 years, 7 male, 5 female) and 10 relatives (mean age 56 years, 3 male, 7 female). The relatives comprised of partners (n = 7), child (n = 1), sister (n = 1), or friend (n = 1). Questions focused on changes in the life situation and support needed to face these changes. Data was analyzed using inductive qualitative content analysis (QCA).

Results
Living with glioblastoma dramatically changes the lives of both patients and relatives. Cognitive symptoms (e.g., speech and memory disturbances), deterioration of physical function (e.g., paresis), and psychological function (e.g., behavioral changes, anxiety) can lead to impaired family dynamics, social isolation, and fear of the future. Support from other family members, friends, and healthcare professionals is crucial. Timely, tangible, and easily available support from the healthcare system the entire disease trajectory is sought after, enabling individualized care with emotional support, clearer information, and faster feedback.

Conclusion
The changes in life situations faced by patients with glioblastoma and their closest relatives are dramatic and underline the importance of providing integrated care throughout the entire healthcare continuum, encompassing specialist neuro-oncological care, municipal support, and palliative care. Individualized support for both patients and relatives can enhance the sense of safety amid the chaos in their life situation.
Enhanced Place Specificity of the Parallel Auditory Brainstem Response: An Electrophysiological Study
Authors: Stoll Thomas J. , Maddox Ross K. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study investigates the effect of parallel stimulus presentation on the place specificity of the auditory brainstem response (ABR) in human listeners. Frequency-specific stimuli do not guarantee a response from the place on the cochlea corresponding only to that characteristic frequency — especially for brief and high-level stimuli. Adding masking noise yields responses that are more place specific, and our prior modeling study has suggested similar effects when multiple frequency-specific stimuli are presented in parallel. We tested this hypothesis experimentally here, comparing the place specificity of responses to serial and parallel stimuli at two stimulus frequencies and three stimulus rates.

Methods
Parallel ABR (pABR) stimuli were presented alongside high-pass filtered noise with a varied cutoff frequency. Serial presentation was also tested by isolating and presenting single-frequency stimulus trains from the pABR ensemble. Latencies of the ABRs were examined to assess place specificity of responses. Response bands were derived by subtracting responses from different high-pass noise conditions. The response amplitude from each derived response band was then used to determine how much individual frequency regions of the auditory system were contributing to the overall response.

Results
We found that parallel presentation improves place specificity of ABRs for the lower stimulus frequency and at higher stimulus rates. At a higher stimulus frequency, serial and parallel presentations were equally place specific.

Conclusion
Parallel presentation can provide more place-specific responses than serial for lower stimulus frequencies. The improvement increases with higher stimulus rates and is in addition to the pABR’s primary benefit of faster test times.
2023 Industry Perceptions Survey on AI Adoption and Return on Investment
Authors: Goldburgh Mitchell , LaChance Michael , Komissarchik Julia , Patriarche Julia , Chapa Joe , Chen Oliver , Deshpande Priya , Geeslin Matthew , Kottler Nina , Sommer Jennifer , Ayers Marcus , Vujic Vedrana 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This SIIM-sponsored 2023 report highlights an industry view on artificial intelligence adoption barriers and success related to diagnostic imaging, life sciences, and contrasts. In general, our 2023 survey indicates that there has been progress in adopting AI across multiple uses, and there continues to be an optimistic forecast for the impact on workflow and clinical outcomes. This report, as in prior years, should be seen as a snapshot of the use of AI in imaging. Compared to our 2021 survey, the 2023 respondents expressed wider AI adoption but felt this was behind the potential. Specifically, the adoption has increased as sources of return on investment with AI in radiology are better understood as documented by vendor/client use case studies. Generally, the discussions of AI solutions centered on workflow triage, visualization, detection, and characterization. Generative AI was also mentioned for improving productivity in reporting. As payor reimbursement remains elusive, the ROI discussions expanded to look at other factors, including increased hospital procedures and admissions, enhanced radiologist productivity for practices, and improved patient outcomes for integrated health networks. When looking at the longer-term horizon for AI adoption, respondents frequently mentioned that the opportunity for AI to achieve greater adoption with more complex AI and a more manageable/visible ROI is outside the USA. Respondents focused on the barriers to trust in AI and the FDA processes.
Translation Hopf Algebras and Hopf Heaps
Authors: Brzeziński Tomasz , Hryniewicka Małgorzata 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo every Hopf heap or quantum cotorsor of Grunspan a Hopf algebra of translations is associated. This translation Hopf algebra acts on the Hopf heap making it a Hopf-Galois co-object. Conversely, any Hopf-Galois co-object has the natural structure of a Hopf heap with the translation Hopf algebra isomorphic to the acting Hopf algebra. It is then shown that this assignment establishes an equivalence between categories of Hopf heaps and Hopf-Galois co-objects.
Efficient neighborhood evaluation for the maximally diverse grouping problem
Authors: Schulz Arne 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Maximally Diverse Grouping Problem is one of the well-known combinatorial optimization problems with applications in the assignment of students to groups or courses. Due to its NP-hardness several (meta)heuristic solution approaches have been presented in the literature. Most of them include the insertion of an item of one group into another group and the swap of two items currently assigned to different groups as neighborhoods. The paper presents a new efficient implementation for both neighborhoods and compares it with the standard implementation, in which all inserts/swaps are evaluated, as well as the neighborhood decomposition approach. The results show that the newly presented approach is clearly superior for larger instances allowing for up to 160% more iterations in comparison to the standard implementation and up to 76% more iterations in comparison to the neighborhood decomposition approach. Moreover, the results can also be used for (meta)heuristic algorithms for other grouping or clustering problems.
A recipe to generate sustainably maintainable and extensible hydrogeological datasets to prepare large-scale groundwater models for multiple aquifer systems
Authors: Siebert Christian , Rödiger Tino , Houben Timo , diDato Mariaines , Fischer Thomas , Attinger Sabine , Kalbacher Thomas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRegional groundwater modelling can provide decision-makers and scientists with valuable information required for the sustainable use and protection of groundwater resources in the future. In order to assess and manage the impact of climate change on regional aquifer systems, numerical groundwater models are required which represent the subsurface structures of aquifers and aquitards in 3D at the regional scale and beyond in the most efficient way. A workflow to clearly generate these structural subsurface representations from a variety of data sources is introduced, applying open-source Geographical Information Systems. The resulting structural models can be used with finite element method-based simulation tools, such as the open-source environment OpenGeoSys. The preparation workflow of the structure model is presented for a large river basin in Germany, indicating the applicability of the method even in a challenging hydrogeological region with several stockworks of dipped and fractured sedimentary aquifers, partially showing significantly changing hydraulic conditions due to natural lateral facies changes.
Evaluating the impact of an automated body language assessment system
Authors: Dimitriadou Eleni , Lanitis Andreas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe body language of an educator during a class can affect student’s level of interest and concentration. As an attempt to assist educators to improve their body language and speaking characteristics, a pilot body language analysis system that assesses the body language of educators was developed. The proposed application makes use of specific biometric features for determining body language quality during class delivery. The aim of the current study is to examine whether the proposed application can contribute to improving the teachers’ body language, whether the application can provide satisfactory feedback related to the teachers’ body language, and whether the use of the application in real classroom conditions is acceptable. As part of this effort the pilot application has been assessed by teachers of primary, secondary and university education. The experimental investigation involved two phases. In the first phase participants delivered a short lecture that was evaluated using the automated body language analysis application. After the lecture participants were informed about the operation of the application and they were presented with the feedback generated by the body language analysis. During the second phase participants delivered a second short lecture. By comparing the body language quality between the two phases, conclusions related to the impact of the application in improving body language were derived. Experimental results demonstrate that the application provides satisfactory feedback, it is acceptable to use the application in real class conditions, and the feedback provided can be used for self-assessment, reflection and improvement regarding educator’s body language.
The Associations Between Parenting Self-Efficacy and Parents’ Contributions to the Home-School Partnership Among Parents of Primary School Students: a Multilevel Meta-analysis
Authors: Ma Tianyi , Tellegen Cassandra L. , Hodges Julie , Sanders Matthew R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHigh-quality partnerships between families and schools can bring enormous benefits to the development, learning, and wellbeing of children. Decades of research has identified parenting self-efficacy as a key factor influencing parents’ contributions toward effective home-school partnerships. However, the strength of this association has varied significantly across studies with the aggregated strength remaining unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the associations between parenting self-efficacy and various aspects of parents’ contribution to the home-school partnership, namely home-based involvement, school-based involvement, home-school communication and relationships, as well as parental expectations and aspirations among parents of primary school students. Moderator effects were also examined. Through systematically searching six databases and screening papers, we included 50 independent studies involving 185 effect sizes (N = 20,043 children). Results showed a small to medium correlation between parenting self-efficacy and the multidimensional construct of home-school partnership outcomes (r = .189). The associations were stronger for education-focused parenting self-efficacy (r = .183) than general parenting self-efficacy (r = .114) and were stronger still for home-based participation (r = .248) and parental expectations and aspirations (r = .248) than school-based participation (r = .124) and parent-teacher communication/relationship (r = .090). We detected limited moderating effects of child gender, parent gender, ethnicity, sample type (general or targeted), and socio-economic status and publication bias. Overall, this meta-analysis provides evidence to support the positive relationship between parenting self-efficacy and parents’ contributions to the strength of the home-school partnership. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
A genotype–phenotype approach to discriminate Central European spelt landraces from modern wheat-spelt intercrosses in the Swiss context
Authors: Stefan Laura , Sanchez-Martin Javier , Kurth Thomas , Keller Beat , Herren Gerhard , Krattinger Simon G. , Strebel Silvan , Ampuero Kragten Silvia , Camp Karl-Heinz , Levy Häner Lilia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMarketed as a healthier alternative to bread wheat, spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) is in increasing demand from consumers and bakers in Switzerland. The Swiss spelt landscape is currently dominated by two varieties—Ostro and Oberkulmer Rotkorn—considered as references for Swiss “typical” spelt. However, these two varieties are rather old and deliver low yields; the market therefore needs improved spelt varieties with higher agronomic potential while keeping the essential attributes of typical spelt. As spelt and winter wheat can be interbred, modern spelt varieties often result from crosses between the two. It has therefore become increasingly difficult to distinguish between typical spelt and modern wheat-spelt intercrosses. This project aims to clarify the phenotypic distinction between typical spelt and modern wheat-spelt intercrosses in the Swiss context. To do this, we performed field trials with 50 spelt varieties, including typical and modern cultivars from Switzerland and Central Europe. We measured agronomic, rheological and nutritional parameters of each variety. In addition, these cultivars were genotyped using a 25 K Illumina Wheat SNP array. This allowed us to identify which phenotypic parameters were associated with genetic proximity to typical spelt. Swiss typical spelt varieties were characterized by highly extensible doughs, later phenology, low harvest index, high thousand kernel weights, and lower Zeleny/protein ratio. By linking phenotypic characteristics, easily measurable in fields, to the underlying genetic information of each variety, these results will help to better classify spelt varieties in Switzerland and pave the way for more clarity and transparency on the Swiss spelt market.
The geography of wild American ginseng in North Carolina, USA: a comparative study of four capability analysis methods
Authors: Khademian Mehrnaz , Bunch Rick 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWild American ginseng is the root component of a family of plants called Panax, and it grows mainly in the understory of the eastern deciduous forests in North America. The growing market for wild American ginseng in Asia along with the scarcity of this plant in the wild due to rising illegal harvest have been simultaneously pushing up the price of American ginseng in the market, increasing incentives further for illegal harvest of this soon-to-be-extinct species. This paper studies the geography of wild American ginseng to identify the spatial distribution of the suitable habitat of this plant in the wild and provides advice on what conditions are required and what regions are suitable for cultivating it in farms, introducing an alternative to the wild American ginseng to decrease the harvesting pressure on its wild counterpart. By employing four popular geospatial methods, including the Binary Screening method, the Ordinal Ranking method (both Graduated Screening and Addition-of-Factors methods), and the Weighted Linear Combination method, this paper carries out a capability analysis and mapping for wild American ginseng in North Carolina (NC). After building the models, they are validated by using the data of the known locations of wild American ginseng plants in NC. Developing these models helps in gaining a more comprehensive understanding of where the plant naturally grows and sheds light on how government agencies can more effectively and more efficiently plan for law enforcement activities to better protect this plant from illegal harvest. The general pattern of our results suggests that western NC counties such as Jackson, Haywood, Transylvania, Henderson, Cherokee, and Ash are some of the most suitable geographical areas for wild American ginseng to grow. The results of our model validation analysis, along with the comparison of our models' predictions to the observed occurrences of wild American ginseng in nature, indicate that the Binary Screening method’s predictions align with almost 96% of the reported observations in nature. This suggests that the influential natural factors necessary for wild American ginseng are more of complementary factors to each other than being substitutes, meaning that they all must exist in the environment for it to grow, and it could not be that the lack of one natural factor can be compensated by the abundance of another natural factor.
Specificity of Episodic Future Thinking in Adolescents: Comparing Childhood Maltreatment, Autism Spectrum, and Typical Development
Authors: Lau-Zhu A. , Chan C. , Gibson D. , Stark E. , Wang J. , Happé F. , Stacey J. , Cooper M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMaltreatment and autism can be associated with overlapping difficulties across functional domains (e.g., social, emotional, and sensory) and high rates of mental health problems. A cognitive approach focussing on affect-laden cognition, here on episodic future thinking (FT), could help inform cognitive assessments and adapt psychological interventions. Three groups of adolescents (N = 85), (i) maltreatment (n = 28), (ii) autism (n = 29), and (iii) typical development without maltreatment/autism (TD; n = 28), matched in age (10–16 years old), sex (assigned at birth), and socioeconomic status, completed a newly adapted online Autobiographical Future Thinking Test. As predicted, the maltreatment group generated significantly fewer specific future events relative to the TD group, however, the number of specific future events did not significantly differ between the autism and the other groups. Exploratory analyses showed that lower FT specificity was significantly associated with more depressive (but not anxiety) symptoms across the three groups. These findings shed light on the cognitive profiles of both maltreatment and autism during adolescence and signal FT as a potential therapeutic target for adolescents with these developmental differences. Our study lays the foundation for additional comparisons of maltreatment-related presentations versus autism with improved designs and a broader set of cognitive and clinical domains.
Neural Network Design for a Curved Kicking Mechanism with Obstacle Avoidance in RoboCup Small Size League (SSL)
Authors: B. Azevedo Francisco A. , C. Leão Guilherme P. , Maximo Marcos R. O. A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAt the RoboCup, a robotics soccer tournament, the Small Size League (SSL) is one of its leagues. The thought of a mechanism in this league that could perform unpredictable kicks and passes inspired study into both the physical mechanism required to do it and the algorithms needed to make the most of it.By introducing new ideas and utilizing a Deep Neural Network, this work contributes by improving a prior algorithm that aims to carry out a real-time inversion of the non-linear ordinary differential equation (ODE) that models the ball’s path in order to determine the parameters to hit a target with a curved kick mechanism (DNN). New techniques are also presented. The two suggested DNN achieved accuracy levels of more than 92% in the outcomes of simulation runs in MATLAB.