bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One hundred years of Ecuadorian biomedical scientific output and its association with the main causes of mortality: a bibliometric study
Authors: Sisa Ivan , Caicedo-Potosí Jhon , Cordovez María , Verdezoto Clara , Barreno Mishell , Coral Martín , Herrera-Franco Gricelda 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionHistorically, low-and middle-income countries have been scarce producers of biomedical research; only 2% of the global scientific output is produced by these countries despite accounting for 92% of the global burden of disease. In addition, few low-and middle-income countries have exhaustively mapped and analyzed their scientific production in health and its association with main local burden of disease.ObjectiveTo evaluate the evolution of biomedical research in Ecuador over the last 100 years and its relationship with the main causes of mortality.MethodsA bibliometric study embedded in a systematic review design was carried out using biomedical publications indexed in Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) during the period 1920–2021. Information from the National Institute of Statistics and Census was used to identify the main causes of mortality.ResultsOur search strategy identified 16,697 publications related to biomedicine in Ecuador. Of these 3,225 articles met the criteria for this study. Since 2010, there has been an exponential increase in scientific production in biomedicine. This increase was predominantly based on cross-sectional observational studies (49.67%). During the period analyzed (1920–2021), biomedical production was distributed with 52.43% in clinical research, 37.79% in public health, and 9.77% in basic sciences. The research focus with the highest number of publications was epidemiology and surveillance system of diseases (23.44%). Additionally, private universities are the largest producers of biomedical research compared to public universities, 40.12% vs. 19.60%, respectively. Of the total biomedical research produced, 18.54% is associated with the main causes of mortality, and the Ecuadorian private university is the largest contributor to these studies compared to public universities, 39.97% vs. 16.72%.ConclusionIn one century, Ecuador produced 3,225 articles in biomedicine, according to our criteria. 18.54% of the total produced is aimed at solving the main causes of mortality in the country. Private universities are the leaders in scientific production related to health in Ecuador.
Inhibitory effect of Lonicera japonica flos on Streptococcus mutans biofilm and mechanism exploration through metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses
Authors: Wang Lin , Liu Ping , Wu Yulun , Pei Hairun , Cao Xueli 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionStreptococcus mutans was the primary pathogenic organism responsible for dental caries. Lonicera japonica flos (LJF) is a traditional herb in Asia and Europe and consumed as a tea beverage for thousands of years.MethodsThe inhibitory effect and mechanism of LJF on biofilm formation by S. mutans was investigated. The active extracts of LJF were validated for their inhibitory activity by examining changes in surface properties such as adherence, hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation abilities, and exopolysaccharides (EPS) production, including water-soluble glucan and water-insoluble glucan.Results and discussionLJF primarily inhibited biofilm formation through the reduction of EPS production, resulting in alterations in cell surface characteristics and growth retardation in biofilm formation cycles. Integrated transcriptomic and untargeted metabolomics analyses revealed that EPS production was modulated through two-component systems (TCS), quorum sensing (QS), and phosphotransferase system (PTS) pathways under LJF stress conditions. The sensing histidine kinase VicK was identified as an important target protein, as LJF caused its dysregulated expression and blocked the sensing of autoinducer II (AI-2). This led to the inhibition of response regulator transcriptional factors, down-regulated glycosyltransferase (Gtf) activity, and decreased production of water-insoluble glucans (WIG) and water-soluble glucans (WSG). This is the first exploration of the inhibitory effect and mechanism of LJF on S. mutans, providing a theoretical basis for the application of LJF in functional food, oral health care, and related areas.
Time trends in Alzheimer’s disease mortality attributable to metabolic risks and smoking in China from 1990 to 2019: an age-period-cohort analysis
Authors: Sun Simeng , Zhang Ting , Yu Hao , Xia Ting , Yao Yunan , Sun Mengting , Liang Hongmei , Huang Qiaoyu , Wang Weiwei , Yang Huafeng , Hong Xin 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundWith the increase in the aging population worldwide, Alzheimer’s disease has become a rapidly increasing public health concern. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, there are three risk factors judged to have evidence for a causal link to Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias: smoking, high body-mass index (HBMI), and high fasting plasma glucose (HFPG).ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze trends in AD mortality and the relevant burden across China from 1990 to 2019, as well as their correlation with age, period, and birth cohort.MethodsThe data were extracted from the GBD 2019. Trends in AD mortality attributable to metabolic risks (HFPG and HBMI) and smoking were analyzed using Joinpoint regression. The age-period-cohort (APC) model was used to evaluate cohort and period effects.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the overall age-standardized mortality rate of AD increased, especially in women. There was an increase in AD mortality due to smoking in the net drift, and it was more significant in women (0.46, 95%CI = [0.09, 0.82]) than men (−0.03, 95%CI = [−0.11, 0.05]). For the cause of HFPG, the net drift values for men and women were 0.82% and 0.43%. For HBMI, the values were 3.14% and 2.76%, respectively, reflecting substantial increases in AD mortality.ConclusionTime trends in AD mortality caused by metabolic risks and smoking in China from 1990 to 2019 have consistently increased. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent excessive weight gain and obesity during the later stages of life, especially for females.
Triglyceride glucose-related indexes and lipid accumulation products—reliable markers of insulin resistance in the Chinese population
Authors: Liu Lei , Luo Yufang , Liu Min , Tang Chenyi , Liu Hong , Feng Guo , Wang Meng , Wu Jinru , Zhang Wei 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundInsulin resistance (IR) is a pivotal pathogenic component of metabolic diseases. It is crucial to identify convenient and reliable indicators of insulin resistance for its early detection. This study aimed at assessing the predictive ability of seven novel obesity and lipid-related indices.MethodsA total of 5,847 female and 3,532 male healthy subjects were included in the study. The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI), TyG-waist circumference (TyG-WC), lipid accumulation products (LAP), body roundness index (BRI), body adiposity index (BAI), and visceral adiposity index (VAI) were measured and calculated using the established formulae. IR was diagnosed using the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index over the third quantile.ResultsThe levels of all seven lipid-related indices were significantly higher in subjects with higher HOMA-IR values than in those with lower HOMA-IR values. These indices displayed moderate to high effectiveness [receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve-area under the curve (AUC) &gt; 0.6] in predicting IR. Among them, TyG-BMI (AUC: 0.729), LAP (AUC: 0.708), and TyG-WC (AUC: 0.698) showed the strongest association with HOMA-IR. In the female population, the AUC for TyG-BMI, LAP, and TyG-WC in predicting IR was 0.732, 0.705, and 0.718, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed the optimal cut-off values of those indicators in predicting IR as follows: TyG-BMI: male subjects – 115.16 [odds ratio (OR) = 6.05, 95% CI: 5.09–7.19], female subjects – 101.58 (OR = 4.55, 95% CI: 4.00–5.16); LAP: male subjects – 25.99 (OR = 4.53, 95% CI: 3.82–5.38), female subjects – 16.11 (OR = 3.65, 95% CI: 3.22–4.14); and TyG-WC: male subjects – 409.43 (OR = 5.23, 95% CI: 4.48–6.24), female subjects – 342.48 (OR = 4.07, 95% CI: 3.59–4.61).ConclusionTyG-index-related parameters and LAP appear to be effective predictors of IR in the Chinese population. Specifically, TyG-BMI may be the most appropriate predictor of IR.
Effects of short-term dietary nitrate supplementation on exercise and coronary blood flow responses in patients with peripheral artery disease
Authors: Kim Danielle Jin-Kwang , Gao Zhaohui , Luck Jonathan C. , Brandt Kristen , Miller Amanda J. , Kim-Shapiro Daniel , Basu Swati , Leuenberger Urs , Gardner Andrew W. , Muller Matthew D. , Proctor David N. 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundPeripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a prevalent vascular disorder characterized by atherosclerotic occlusion of peripheral arteries, resulting in reduced blood flow to the lower extremities and poor walking ability. Older patients with PAD are also at a markedly increased risk of cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction. Recent evidence indicates that inorganic nitrate supplementation, which is abundant in certain vegetables, augments nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and may have beneficial effects on walking, blood pressure, and vascular function in patients with PAD.ObjectiveWe sought to determine if short-term nitrate supplementation (via beetroot juice) improves peak treadmill time and coronary hyperemic responses to plantar flexion exercise relative to placebo (nitrate-depleted juice) in older patients with PAD. The primary endpoints were peak treadmill time and the peak coronary hyperemic response to plantar flexion exercise.MethodsEleven PAD patients (52–80 yr.; 9 men/2 women; Fontaine stage II) were randomized (double-blind) to either nitrate-rich (Beet-IT, 0.3 g inorganic nitrate twice/day; BRnitrate) or nitrate-depleted (Beet-IT, 0.04 g inorganic nitrate twice/day, BRplacebo) beetroot juice for 4 to 6 days, followed by a washout of 7 to 14 days before crossing over to the other treatment. Patients completed graded plantar flexion exercise with their most symptomatic leg to fatigue, followed by isometric handgrip until volitional fatigue at 40% of maximum on day 4 of supplementation, and a treadmill test to peak exertion 1–2 days later while continuing supplementation. Hemodynamics and exercise tolerance, and coronary blood flow velocity (CBV) responses were measured.ResultsAlthough peak walking time and claudication onset time during treadmill exercise did not differ significantly between BRplacebo and BRnitrate, the diastolic blood pressure response at the peak treadmill walking stage was significantly lower in the BRnitrate condition. Increases in CBV from baseline to peak plantar flexion exercise after BRplacebo and BRnitrate showed a trend for a greater increase in CBV at the peak workload of plantar flexion with BRnitrate (p = 0.06; Cohen’s d = 0.56).ConclusionOverall, these preliminary findings suggest that inorganic nitrate supplementation in PAD patients is safe, well-tolerated, and may improve the coronary hyperemic and blood pressure responses when their calf muscles are most predisposed to ischemia.Clinical trial registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier NCT02553733.
The effects of age and gender and elite levels on perceptual–cognitive skills of adolescent badminton athletes
Authors: Wu Kuo-Cheng , Lee Yu-Lung , Chen Shiau-Cheng 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThis study aimed to examine perceptual-cognitive skills across age, gender and elite levels of badminton adolescent athletes.MethodsA total of 57 badminton athletes divided into junior high school athletes (age = 13.36 ± 1.14 years, females = 22, males = 11) and senior high school athletes (age = 16.25 ± 0.84 years, females = 11, males = 13) were evaluated using a cognitive component skills approach. Elite levels were classified as semi-elite (n = 29, score = 3.23) and competitive elite (n = 28, score = 5.84) levels. Each group completed a cognitive test, including an evaluation of their capacity for Corsi block-tapping (CCT) and spatial priming tasks (SPT).ResultsNo gender effects were found in the perceptual skills of the adolescent players, and the age effect was consistent across gender. For the elite levels, the perceptual-cognitive skills of SPT of reaction time was performed equally in the groups of semi-elite and competitive players, however, in the CCT Span of working-memory (WM), competitive-elite players outperformed semi-elite players.ConclusionWe found that perceptual-cognitive skills of WM play crucial roles in the open-skill sports of badminton. Thus, when developing advanced skills to higher elite levels in adolescent players, perceptual-cognitive skills should be considered.
Reviving health mediation during the COVID-19 crisis and beyond: an implementation study in deprived neighbourhoods of Marseille, France
Authors: Fruleux Alix , Gaudart Jean , Franke Florian , Nauleau Steve , Dutrey Kaiser Anne , Legendre Eva , Balma Dorothée , Lescaudron Marc , Tamalet Lucile , Malfait Philippe , Chaud Pascal , Rebaudet Stanislas 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionIn 2020, during France’s COVID-19 response, healthcare professionals from a hospital and an association initiated health mediation interventions in Marseille’s vulnerable neighbourhoods, funded by the regional health authorities. This mixed method research evaluates the CORHESAN program that lasted until June 2022.MethodsWe examined CORHESAN documents and reports, conducted interviews, and analysed activity data, comparing it to the COVID-19 hotspots identified on a weekly basis at the neighbourhood level, using generalised linear mixed models (GLMMs).ResultsCORHESAN was implemented by a team of up to nine health mediators, six private nurses hired on an ad hoc basis, supervised by a general coordinator and two part-time medical and nursing coordinators. Multiple partnerships were established with shelters, associations, social-housing landlords and local institutions. The team accompanied 6,253 people affected by COVID-19 or contact in the practical implementation of their isolation and contact tracing. Of the 5,180 nasopharyngeal samples for RT-PCR and 1,875 for antigenic testing: 12% were taken at home and 27% in partner facilities in the targeted neighbourhoods; 32% were taken from symptomatic patients and 30% in the context of contact tracing; and 40% were positive. Multiple awareness sessions on prevention methods and distributions of personal protection kits and self-diagnostic tests were conducted in the streets, in shelters, in associations or at home. A total of 5,929 doses of COVID-19 vaccine were administered in a walk-in vaccination centre, at temporary street vaccination posts, during operations at partner facilities, or during home-visits to patients with limited autonomy. GLMMs showed that the intervention significantly targeted its testing interventions in neighbourhoods with socioeconomic disadvantage and/or past under-testing (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 2.75 [1.50–5.00]) and those with high hotspot level (aOR for level-3 versus level-0, 1.83 [1.24–2.71]).DiscussionThe pandemic emphasised the potential of health mediation interventions to address health disparities. Building on this, a new program began in July 2022, aiming at enhancing cancer screening and vaccinations in deprived areas of Marseille. Evaluations are ongoing to assess its activities and impact, and provide evidence to future implementation initiatives.
A network analysis of the interrelationships between depression, anxiety, insomnia and quality of life among fire service recruits
Authors: Liu Jian , Gui Zhen , Chen Pan , Cai Hong , Feng Yuan , Ho Tin-Ian , Rao Shu-Ying , Su Zhaohui , Cheung Teris , Ng Chee H. , Wang Gang , Xiang Yu-Tao 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundResearch on the mental health and quality of life (hereafter QOL) among fire service recruits after the end of the COVID-19 restrictions is lacking. This study explored the network structure of depression, anxiety and insomnia, and their interconnections with QOL among fire service recruits in the post-COVID-19 era.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used a consecutive sampling of fire service recruits across China. We measured the severity of depression, anxiety and insomnia symptoms, and overall QOL using the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) questionnaire, and World Health Organization Quality of Life-brief version (WHOQOL-BREF), respectively. We estimated the most central symptoms using the centrality index of expected influence (EI), and the symptoms connecting depression, anxiety and insomnia symptoms using bridge EI.ResultsIn total, 1,560 fire service recruits participated in the study. The prevalence of depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) was 15.2% (95% CI: 13.5–17.1%), while the prevalence of anxiety (GAD-7 ≥ 5) was 11.2% (95% CI: 9.6–12.8%). GAD4 (“Trouble relaxing”) had the highest EI in the whole network model, followed by ISI5 (“Interference with daytime functioning”) and GAD6 (“Irritability”). In contrast, PHQ4 (“Fatigue”) had the highest bridge EI values in the network, followed by GAD4 (“Trouble relaxing”) and ISI5 (“Interference with daytime functioning”). Additionally, ISI4 “Sleep dissatisfaction” (average edge weight = −1.335), which was the central symptom with the highest intensity value, had the strongest negative correlation with QOL.ConclusionDepression and anxiety were important mental health issues to address among fire service recruits in the post-COVID-19 era in China. Targeting central and bridge symptoms identified in network analysis could help address depression and anxiety among fire service recruits in the post-COVID-19 era.
Swine farm environmental microbiome: exploring microbial ecology and functionality across farms with high and low sanitary status
Authors: Marin Clara , Migura-García Lourdes , Rodríguez Juan Carlos , Ventero María-Paz , Pérez-Gracia Maria Teresa , Vega Santiago , Tort-Miró Carla , Marco-Fuertes Ana , Lorenzo-Rebenaque Laura , Montoro-Dasi Laura 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionStringent regulations in pig farming, such as antibiotic control and the ban on certain additives and disinfectants, complicate disease control efforts. Despite the evolution of microbial communities inside the house environment, they maintain stability over the years, exhibiting characteristics specific to each type of production and, in some cases, unique to a particular company or farm production type. In addition, some infectious diseases are recurrent in specific farms, while other farms never present these diseases, suggesting a connection between the presence of these microorganisms in animals or their environment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterise environmental microbiomes of farms with high and low sanitary status, establishing the relationships between both, health status, environmental microbial ecology and its functionality.MethodsFor this purpose, 6 pig farms were environmentally sampled. Farms were affiliated with a production company that handle the majority of the pigs slaughtered in Spain. This study investigated the relationship among high health and low health status farms using high throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In addition, to identify ecologically relevant functions and potential pathogens based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained, functional Annotation with PROkaryotic TAXa (FAPROTAX) was performed.Results and DiscussionThis study reveals notable differences in microbial communities between farms with persistent health issues and those with good health outcomes, suggesting a need for protocols tailored to address specific challenges. The variation in microbial populations among farms underscores the need for specific and eco-friendly cleaning and disinfection protocols. These measures are key to enhancing the sustainability of livestock farming, ensuring safer products and boosting competitive edge in the market.
Percepções de nutricionistas sobre seu percurso formativo e atuação em práticas integrativas e complementares em saúde
Authors: Alencar Kamila de Freitas , Andrade Samantha Caesar de , Ferreira Emerson Pinheiro 
Published: July 2024

As Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde (PICS) são recursos terapêuticos baseados em conhecimentos tradicionais. Objetivando ampliar as abordagens de cuidado para os indivíduos em assistência nutricional, o Conselho Federal de Nutricionistas regulamentou o exercício das PICS. No Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em PICS, com área de concentração em Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), são ofertadas, anualmente, duas vagas para cada categoria profissional, incluindo nutrição. A pesquisa objetivou analisar e descrever as percepções de nutricionistas egressas do Programa de Residência sobre seu percurso formativo e atuação em PICS. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo por meio de entrevista individual semiestruturada com 5 egressas. Da análise de conteúdo emergiram dois eixos temáticos: “Percurso formativo de nutricionistas especializadas em PICS” e “Atuação de nutricionistas em PICS”. As percepções das egressas elucidaram a importância da formação e atuação em saúde pública, denotaram ampliação da cosmovisão pelo aprendizado das práticas e aquisição de competências para o trabalho multiprofissional na APS. Os relatos demonstraram que o período pandêmico e a duração da especialização representaram fragilidade na formação. A atuação das egressas em PICS tem ampliado possibilidades de cuidado de usuários em atendimento nutricional e em grupos terapêuticos, em um contexto de expansão das PICS na APS.
Anestesia regional e sua funcionalidade no trauma: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Adolfo Yuri Nakano , Duarte Filho Welson Leal , Lopes Sálua Elisandra , Tavares Guilherme , Almeida Vitor Henrique Palazzi de , Maluf Neto Alceu , Cunha Matheus França , Medeiros Marcella Sâine , Carneiro Livia Caroline de Oliveira , Jesus Vitor Augusto Faria de , Alves Paulo Isaac Souza , Sandes Ramon dos Anjos , Medeiros Heitor J S 
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A anestesia regional (AR) é uma técnica que tem o intuito de fornecer uma anestesia local e de alta qualidade, além de evitar os efeitos colaterais do uso de anestesia geral e de opioides. Dentre as aplicabilidades da AR é importante destacar o uso dessa técnica no trauma, possibilitando o manejo eficiente da dor por meio de uma analgesia rápida e segura. Objetivos: Avaliar a funcionalidade da anestesia geral em pacientes que sofreram traumas e a existência de fatores de risco associados. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa na base de dados PUBMED utilizando os descritores “REGIONAL ANESTHESIA AND TRAUMA’’ para artigos publicados entre 2018 e 2024. Resultados: Estudos retrospectivos apontam ­­que em mais de 70% dos casos de dor causada por trauma os profissionais de saúde utilizam algum sedativo local combinado a algum analgésico, sendo a morfina e o paracetamol os mais utilizados. O uso da AR se mostra mais eficiente na estabilização de pacientes com trauma torácico e na diminuição de delírio em pacientes idosos. Contudo, resultados significativos demonstraram maiores riscos em pacientes geriátricos quando comparados aos métodos de analgesia tradicionais. Dentre os riscos conhecidos estão a Síndrome Compartimental Aguda - SCA e possíveis agravos de lesões de nervos periféricos por iatrogenia, principalmente lesões diretas de nervos. O exame FAST é o mais indicado para guiar a aplicação do anestésico e deve ser utilizado em todos os casos para prevenir possíveis riscos e aumentar o bem-estar do paciente durante o seu tratamento. Conclusão: Embora alguns estudos tenham demonstrado complicações inesperadas do uso da AR, o treinamento da equipe associado ao uso do FAST demonstrou reduzir os possíveis erros na aplicação. Além disso, o uso da AR auxilia na recuperação mais rápida do paciente com trauma e possibilita que o médico contorne os efeitos colaterais do uso da anestesia geral e dos medicamentos à base de opioides.