bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finite theories before and after the discovery of a Higgs boson at the LHC
Authors: Heinemeyer S. , Mondrag M. , Zoupanos G. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractFinite Unified Theories (FUTs) are N = 1 supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) which can be made finite to all‐loop orders, based on the principle of reduction of couplings, and therefore are provided with a large predictive power. Confronting the predictions of SU(5) FUTs with the top and bottom quark masses and other low‐energy experimental constraints a light Higgs‐boson mass in the range Mh ∼ 121–126 GeV was predicted, in striking agreement with the recent discovery of a Higgs‐like state around ∼ 125.5 GeV at ATLAS and CMS. Furthermore the favoured model, a finiteness constrained version of the MSSM, naturally predicts a relatively heavy spectrum with coloured supersymmetric particles above ∼ 1.5 TeV, consistent with the non‐observation of those particles at the LHC. Restricting further the best FUT's parameter space according to the discovery of a Higgs‐like state and B‐physics observables we find predictions for the rest of the Higgs masses and the supersymmetric particle spectrum.
Some considerations on the spectral features of meridional heat transport by transient eddies
Authors: Messori G. , Czaja A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe present study analyses extreme events in meridional atmospheric heat transport due to transient eddies in the time–frequency domain. The data used are the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA‐Interim reanalysis data, at the 850 mb pressure level and with daily, 0.7° latitude and longitude resolution.Fast‐growing atmospheric modes are associated with large heat transport, which would suggest a link between transport extremes and growing baroclinic systems (defined here as motions in the 2.5–6 day band). However, by analyzing wavelet power spectra of transport extremes and of the corresponding meridional velocity and moist static energy temporal anomalies, this is found not to be the case. In fact, baroclinic systems provide only a modest contribution to the integrated power of the extreme heat transport event spectrum. The transport extremes are driven by very precise phase and coherence relationships between the velocity and moist static energy anomalies, acting over a broad range of frequencies (2.5–30 days). Planetary‐scale motions (k = 0–4) with periods beyond 6 days play a key role in this framework.
A novel distributed covert channel in HTTP
Authors: Wang Fei , Huang Liusheng , Miao Haibo , Tian Miaomiao 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we propose a novel distributed covert channel in HTTP. Different from traditional covert channels in HTTP, the channel deploys multiple HTTP clients to dilute steganographic features. In a proper multiple‐to‐multiple transmission model based on the modulation of URLs, the channel is efficient and reliable. With a Poisson request generator, simulating behaviors of normal HTTP visitors, the covert traffic has a legitimate HTTP appearance that helps it be undetectable. The transmission experiments prove that the channel is error free and has a high transmission rate. The results of the undetectability experiment show that the channel is adjustable. By adjusting a certain parameter, the channel can trade off two different features, the transmission rate and the undetectability, which can meet different demands in practical applications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stress and Paediatric Obesity: What We Know and Where To Go
Authors: Wilson Shana M. , Sato Amy F. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractChildhood obesity is a public health epidemic and is associated with substantial negative physical and psychosocial health consequences. Stress is thought to be one contributor to the development and maintenance of obesity in children and adolescents, yet the linkage between stress and paediatric obesity is a poorly understood phenomenon. This paper furthers the understanding of stress in the context of paediatric obesity by firstly presenting a focused review of what is known about links between chronic and acute stress and paediatric obesity risk and then synthesizing important areas from the literature. These critical areas of focus include the following: (1) physiological stress reactivity; (2) stress‐induced eating; (3) stress and physical activity; (4) parent and family influences; and (5) stress in at‐risk populations. This review is geared toward facilitating future research on the stress–obesity connection in youth. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cross‐sectional and Longitudinal Relationships between Perceived Stress and C‐reactive Protein in Men and Women
Authors: Barbosa‐Leiker Celestina , Roper Virginia , McPherson Sterling , Lei Ming , Wright Bruce , Hoekstra Trynke , Kostick Marylynne 
Published: July 2013

AbstractTo date, an examination of the longitudinal relationship between perceived stress and C‐reactive protein (CRP) is limited. We explored the relationship between perceived stress and CRP concurrently and across 2 and 4 years in 383 men and women. Multiple linear regressions examined the cross‐sectional and longitudinal relationships between baseline stress and counter‐stress scores with CRP at baseline, 2 years after baseline and 4 years after baseline, while controlling for covariates (age, smoking status, anti‐inflammatory use, oral contraceptive use, physical activity, menopausal status, years since onset of menopause, post‐menopausal hormone use and body mass index). Results indicate that stress and counter‐stress were not related to CRP in either men or women at study baseline or 2 years later. Across a 4‐year time frame, higher stress values were related to higher CRP values in women, but not men. Counter‐stress was not related to CRP values in men or women across the 4 years. This study highlights the importance of examining the cross‐sectional and longitudinal relationship between perceived stress and inflammation separately in men and women. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stahlkonstruktion für eine Feldkapelle in Wiesbaden
Authors: Gresser Hans‐Peter , Springer Johannes 
Published: July 2013

AbstractPlanung und Bau einer Feldkapelle sind eine Aufgabe, die nicht sehr oft an Architekten und Bauingenieure herangetragen wird. Der nachfolgende Beitrag beschreibt die Planungen und Arbeiten für die ungewöhnliche Stahlkonstruktion einer Feldkapelle, welche in Wiesbaden‐Sonnenberg errichtet wurde. Dabei wird detailliert auf Entwurfsprozess, Statik und konstruktive Durchbildung eingegangen.Steel structure for a chapel in the field in Wiesbaden, Germany. Designing and constructing a chapel in the field is an exceptional task both for architects and civil engineers. The following article describes the planning and works for an extraordinary chapel that has been erected in Wiesbaden‐Sonnenberg. In this context details concerning planning, calculation and structural design will be outlined.
Erneuerung des Korrosionsschutzes im Behälter des Wasserturms Groitzsch
Authors: Gelhaar Andreas , Mortag Stefan 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDer Innenkorrosionsschutz im Wasserbehälter des 1903/1904 erbauten historischen Wasserturms in Groitzsch wurde 2010 erneuert. Der Behälter wies aufgrund der während der bisherigen Nutzungszeit aufgetretenen massiven Korrosionsschäden und nicht immer fachgerecht durchgeführten Instandsetzungsarbeiten an vielen Stellen einen sehr schlechten bau‐ und korrosionsschutztechnischen Zustand auf. Daraus ergaben sich die Notwendigkeit der Durchführung von stahlbautechnischen Reparaturmaßnahmen und das Erfordernis einer speziell darauf abgestimmten Spezifikation des Korrosionsschutzes. Es werden die Durchführung der Sanierung beschrieben und Maßnahmen im Rahmen der qualitätsüberwachenden Begleitung der Arbeiten vorgestellt.Renewal of the corrosion protection inside the container of the Groitzsch Water Tower, Germany. 2010 saw the renewal of the interior corrosion protection of the water container of the historic Groitzsch Water Tower, built in 1903/1904. The massive corrosion damage incurred in the period and the occasionally less than professional maintenance work carried out meant that a very poor structural and corrosion protection state existed at many points. This resulted in the necessity to implement structural steel repair measures and the requirement of correspondingly tailored corrosion protection specifications. The implementation of the renovation work is described and measures in the scope of the quality management of the work presented.
Brief report: A human induced pluripotent stem cell model of cernunnos deficiency reveals an important role for XLF in the survival of the primitive hematopoietic progenitors
Authors: Tilgner Katarzyna , Neganova Irina , Singhapol Chatchawan , Saretzki Gabriele , Al-Aama Jumana Yousuf , Evans Jerome , Gorbunova Vera , Gennery Andrew , Przyborski Stefan , Stojkovic Miodrag , Armstrong Lyle , Jeggo Penny , Lako Majlinda 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Cernunnos (also known as XLF) deficiency syndrome is a rare recessive autosomal disorder caused by mutations in the XLF gene, a key factor involved in the end joining step of DNA during nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) process. Human patients with XLF mutations display microcephaly, developmental and growth delays, and severe immunodeficiency. While the clinical phenotype of DNA damage disorders, including XLF Syndrome, has been described extensively, the underlying mechanisms of disease onset, are as yet, undefined. We have been able to generate an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) model of XLF deficiency, which accurately replicates the double-strand break repair deficiency observed in XLF patients. XLF patient-specific iPSCs (XLF-iPSC) show typical expression of pluripotency markers, but have altered in vitro differentiation capacity and an inability to generate teratomas comprised of all three germ layers in vivo. Our results demonstrate that XLF-iPSCs possess a weak NHEJ-mediated DNA repair capacity that is incapable of coping with the DNA lesions introduced by physiological stress, normal metabolism, and ionizing radiation. XLF-iPSC lines are capable of hematopoietic differentiation; however, the more primitive subsets of hematopoietic progenitors display increased apoptosis in culture and an inability to repair DNA damage. Together, our findings highlight the importance of NHEJ-mediated-DNA repair in the maintenance of a pristine pool of hematopoietic progenitors during human embryonic development.
The transfer of host MHC class I protein protects donor cells from NK cell and macrophage-mediated rejection during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and engraftment in mice
Authors: Chow Theresa , Whiteley Jennifer , Li Mira , Rogers Ian M. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractHuman hematopoietic stem cell engraftment has been studied extensively using xenograft transplant models with immunocompromised mice. It is standard practice to incorporate mouse models, such as the limiting dilution assay, to accurately assess the number of repopulating stem cells in bone marrow or umbilical cord blood collections or to confirm the long-term repopulating ability of cultured hematopoietic stem cells. In a previous study using a standard NOD/SCID mouse model to assess human hematopoietic stem cell engraftment we observed that all human cells had mouse MHC class I protein on their surface, suggesting that this is a mechanism adopted by the cells to evade host immune surveillance. To determine whether this was a xenograft phenomenon we studied host MHC transfer in an intraspecies mouse model and observed similar results. The transfer of MHC class I proteins has implications for antigen presentation and immune modulation. In this report, we used a standard mouse model of bone marrow transplantation to demonstrate that surface protein transfer between cells plays an important role in protecting donor hematopoietic cells from NK cell and macrophage-mediated rejection. The transfer of intact MHC class I antigens from host cells to transplanted donor cells confers a self identity on these otherwise foreign cells. This gives them the ability to evade detection by the host NK cells and macrophages. Once full donor chimerism is established, transplanted cells no longer require host MHC class I protein transfer to survive.
Embryonic stem cells neural differentiation qualifies the role of Wnt/β-Catenin signals in human telencephalic specification and regionalization
Authors: Nicoleau Camille , Varela Christine , Bonnefond Caroline , Maury Yves , Bugi Aurore , Aubry Laetitia , Viegas Pedro , Bourgois-Rocha Fany , Peschanski Marc , Perrier Anselme L 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Wnt-ligands are among key morphogens that mediate patterning of the anterior territories of the developing brain in mammals. We qualified the role of Wnt-signals in regional specification and subregional organization of the human telencephalon using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). One step neural conversion of hPSCs using SMAD inhibitors leads to progenitors with a default rostral identity. It provides an ideal biological substrate for investigating the role of Wnt signaling in both anteroposterior and dorso-ventral processes. Challenging hPSC-neural derivatives with Wnt-antagonists, alone or combined with sonic hedgehog (Shh), we found that Wnt-inhibition promote both telencephalic specification and ventral patterning of telencephalic neural precursors in a dose-dependent manner. Using optimal Wnt-antagonist and Shh-agonist signals we produced human ventral-telencephalic precursors, committed to differentiation into striatal projection neurons both in vitro and in vivo after homotypic transplantation in quinolinate-lesioned rats. This study indicates that sequentially organized Wnt-signals play a key role in the development of human ventral telencephalic territories from which the striatum arise. In addition, the optimized production of hPSC-derived striatal cells described here offers a relevant biological resource for exploring and curing Huntington disease.
Brief report: SRF-dependent MiR-210 silences the sonic hedgehog signaling during cardiopoesis
Authors: Zheng Guoxing , Tao Ye , Yu Wei , Schwartz Robert J. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Serum response factor (SRF) wields potent gene silencing activity through its regulation over numerous microRNAs (miRs). Here, SRF directs embryonic stem cell (ESC) progenitor cell lineage specification in part by silencing genes through miR-210. Viral expression of miR-210 in murine ESCs-derived embryoid bodies (EBs) inhibited cell growth and inhibited the appearance of cardiac progenitor markers Nkx2.5 and Gata4 and terminal differentiated contractile proteins Mlc2v and βMHC. Knockdown of miR-210 expression via antisense RNA activated cardiac progenitor gene activity. miR-210 inhibitory activity was attributed to silencing of the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway, which fosters the cardiac progenitor program. miR-210 directly silenced Shh via targeting of the Shh 3′UTR, comparable to the chemical Shh inhibitor, cyclopamine. miR-210 silencing of Shh/Gli1 signaling also blocked expression of the cell cycle regulators Cyclin D1 and Cyclin D2, and EB cell expansion. Absence of SRF expression in SRF null EBs blocked miR-210 expression, coincident with enhanced Shh, and Gli1 gene activity. Thus, SRF-dependent miR-210 expression may operate as a novel silencer of the Shh signaling pathway.
Rest‐site selection by fishers (Martes pennanti) in the eastern deciduous forest
Authors: Gess Sean W. , Ellington E. Hance , Dzialak Matthew R. , Duchamp Joseph E. , Lovallo Matthew , Larkin Jeffrey L. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTInformation on fisher (Martes pennanti) resource selection in deciduous forests of eastern North America is limited. We studied resting habitat selection in a fisher population that recolonized predominantly deciduous forest in Pennsylvania, USA, during 2006–2007. We quantified selection by comparing used and randomly selected available sites at 2 spatial scales: the rest structure and at the rest site (area surrounding rest structures). We identified 79 rest structures used by 15 fishers. The most common rest sites were live trees with cavities or broken tops (69%), with black cherry (Prunus serotina), American beech (Fagus grandifolia), and sugar maple (Acer saccharum) accounting for nearly 65% of tree use. Standing dead trees with cavities or broken tops accounted for 17% of rest structures. Ground‐level structures (including burrows, rock piles, and root balls) comprised 14% of observations. Trees selected as rest structures were larger in diameter at breast height (55.3 cm ± 14.9 cm) than were trees at the center of random sites (28.8 cm ± 6.8 cm). Relative to random sites, important components of forest surrounding rest structures included structurally complex forest floors (based on coarse woody debris and rocky ground cover), canopy complexity, and diversity of tree condition class. Maintaining resting habitat for fishers in the eastern deciduous forest can be accomplished through management practices that encourage structurally diverse forests, including retention of coarse woody debris, and variation in tree size and condition. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Abundance and density of lesser prairie‐chickens and leks in Texas
Authors: Timmer Jennifer M. , Butler Matthew J. , Ballard Warren B. , Boal Clint W. , Whitlaw Heather A. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTLesser prairie‐chickens (LEPCs; Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) have experienced population declines due to both direct and indirect habitat loss, including conversion of native rangeland to cropland and disturbance from energy development. Our objectives were to 1) determine the current density of LEPC leks and LEPCs within the Texas (USA) occupied range, including areas with high potential for wind‐energy development; and 2) find new leks. To estimate lek and LEPC density, we employed a line‐transect‐based aerial survey method using a Robinson 22 helicopter to count leks. We surveyed 26,810.9 km of transect in the spring of 2010 and 2011 and we detected 96 leks. We estimated a density of 2.0 leks/100 km2 (90% CI = 1.4–2.7 leks/100 km2) and 12.3 LEPCs/100 km2 (90% CI = 8.5–17.9 LEPCs/100 km2) and an abundance of 293.6 leks (90% CI = 213.9–403.0 leks) and 1,822.4 LEPCs (90% CI = 1,253.7–2,649.1 LEPCs) for our sampling frame. Our best model indicated that lek size and lek type (AICc wt = 0.235) influenced lek detectability. Lek detectability was greater for larger leks and natural leks versus man‐made leks. Our statewide survey efforts provide wildlife managers and biologists with population estimates, new lek locations, and areas to target for monitoring and conservation. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Status of exotic grasses and grass‐like vegetation and potential impacts on wildlife in New England
Authors: Destefano Stephen 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThe Northeastern section of the United States, known as New England, has seen vast changes in land cover and human population over the past 3 centuries. Much of the region is forested; grasslands and other open‐land cover types are less common, but provide habitat for many species that are currently declining in abundance and distribution. New England also consists of some of the most densely populated and developed states in the country. The origin, distribution, and spread of exotic species are highly correlated with human development. As such, exotics are common throughout much of New England, including several species of graminoids (grasses and grass‐like plants such as sedges and rushes). Several of the more invasive grass species can form expansive dense mats that exclude native plants, alter ecosystem structure and functions, and are perceived to provide little‐to‐no value as wildlife food or cover. Although little research has been conducted on direct impacts of exotic graminoids on wildlife populations in New England, several studies on the common reed (Phragmites australis) in salt marshes have shown this species to have variable effects as cover for birds and other wildlife, depending on the distribution of the plant (e.g., patches and borders of reeds are used more by wildlife than expansive densely growing stands). Direct impacts of other grasses on wildlife populations are largely unknown. However, many of the invasive graminoid species that are present in New England have the capability of outcompeting native plants and thereby potentially affecting associated fauna. Preservation, protection, and restoration of grassland and open‐land cover types are complex but necessary challenges in the region to maintain biological and genetic diversity of grassland, wetland, and other open‐land obligate species. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Properties of the First Organomercury Dimer Derived from PMP
Authors: Xu Rui‐Bo , Ma Wei‐Xing , Qi Jia‐Bin , Qin Yi‐Qiu , Zhang Jia‐Wei , Yang Shu‐Ping , Xu Xing‐You 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe organomercury dimer [Hg2(PMP)Cl2]2·DMF (1) (PMP = 1‐phenyl‐3‐methyl‐2‐pyrazolin‐5‐one) was prepared by the reaction of mercury chloride with PMP and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, TG, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The title compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group P$\bar{1}$, with a = 7.4298(6), b = 9.0313(8), c = 12.4145(13) Å, V = 760.50(12) Å3, Z = 1. Each mercury(II) atom is tricoordinated to one chlorine atom, one carbon atom of the pyrazole ring from one PMP, and one oxygen atom from another PMP. The coordination arrangement around the mercury atom is T‐shaped. This is the first structural report on an organomercury derivative of PMP. The distance between the two HgII ions is 3.2735(8) Å, which indicates the presence of weak Hg···Hg interactions. Meanwhile, 1 can be connected by intermolecular C–H···Cl hydrogen bonding and weak Hg···O/Cl/N interactions to form a three dimensional network. The thermal stability and antibacterial activity of 1 were studied. The binding of 1 with calf thymus DNA was investigated by absorption spectroscopy and viscometry.
On the stable discretization of strongly anisotropic phase field models with applications to crystal growth
Authors: Barrett J.W. , Garcke H. , Nürnberg R. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWe introduce unconditionally stable finite element approximations for anisotropic Allen–Cahn and Cahn–Hilliard equations. These equations frequently feature in phase field models that appear in materials science. On introducing the novel fully practical finite element approximations we prove their stability and demonstrate their applicability with some numerical results.
Energetic effects during phase transition under freezing‐thawing load in porous media – a continuum multiphase description and FE‐simulation
Authors: Bluhm J. , Bloßfeld W.M. , Ricken T. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn civil engineering, the frost durability of partly liquid saturated porous media under freezing and thawing conditions is a point of great discussion. Ice formation in porous media results from coupled heat and mass transport and is accompanied by ice expansion. The volume increase in space and time corresponds to the moving freezing front inside the porous solid. In this paper, a macroscopic model based on the Theory of Porous Media (TPM) is presented which describes energetic effects of freezing and thawing processes. For simplification a ternary model consisting of the phases solid, ice and liquid is used. Attention is paid to the description of the temperature development, the determination of energy, enthalpy and mass supply as well as volume deformations due to ice formation during a freezing and thawing cycle. For the detection of energetic effects regarding the characterization and control of phase transition of water and ice, a physically motivated evolution equation for the mass exchange between ice and liquid is presented. Comparing experimental data with numerical examples shows that the simplified model is indeed capable of simulating the temperature development and energetic effects during phase change.