bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ABC Electronics: An Instructional Case Illustrating Auditors' Use of Preliminary Analytical Procedures
Authors: Clikeman Paul M. , Diaz Jamie 
Published: April 2014

SUMMARY
This instructional case demonstrates auditors' use of analytical procedures during the planning/risk assessment phase of a financial statement audit. An Excel spreadsheet enables instructors to embed up to seven operating problems or potential accounting issues into a fictitious consumer electronics manufacturer's current year financial statements. Questionnaires from students at two universities indicate that the case is effective at helping undergraduate auditing students understand (1) auditors' use of analytical procedures during the planning stage of the audit, and (2) the types of accounting issues and operating problems that might be identified using analytical procedures.
Perspectives and Positions in Contemporary Analytic Philosophy of Religion
Authors: Kraay Klaas J. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract: This essay discusses two issues. The first is whether the “insider's” or “outsider's” perspective is more truth-conducive in the study of religion. I do not attempt to settle this very thorny question: I merely attempt to identify some aspects of what it might mean to be an insider with respect to one kind of investigation—the investigation into whether God exists. The second issue is how best to characterize certain philosophical positions on the axiology of ultimate reality. Here I argue that it can be useful to group together certain axiological positions under one heading, while leaving their details open to interpretation. For example, two philosophers might agree that God's existence would—or does—make the world far better than it would otherwise be, even though they have incompatible notions of what constitutes “far” and “better.” In my view, it makes sense to call both thinkers pro-theists, despite their differences. In discussing these issues, I engage the work of Myron A. Penner and Paul Moser, both of whom published replies to an article of mine in the most recent issue of the Toronto Journal of Theology. 1
Religious Skepticism
Authors: Penner Myron A. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract: Is belief in God intellectually viable? That is, is belief in an all-knowing, all-powerful, perfectly good supernatural being the kind of belief that has credible support that strongly suggests that it is true? There is a long tradition of religious skepticism according to which the answer to these questions is no. This is an interesting and important query for those who do believe in God, for there are (and should be) moments when reflective believers wonder how or why they should think some specific religious claim is true. In this article, I will present skepticism about religious claims as a species of a broader kind of epistemological skepticism. Then I'll explore some reasons that are often cited in support of religious skepticism. In the final section, I'll present some responses to skepticism about the intellectual viability of belief in God.
Documents sur l'œuvre de Jules Hardouin-Mansart à Chantilly
Authors: Jestaz Bertrand 
Published: April 2014

Documents sur l'œuvre de Jules Hardouin-Mansart à Chantilly.
Mansart a été consulté à Chantilly pour le première fois en 1674, à l'occasion des travaux d'aménagement de l'entrée du domaine dirigés par Le Nostre, et on peut lui attribuer le dessin de la voûte construite alors sous la terrasse. Il semble qu'il ait été dès lors régulièrement consulté, moins peut-être par le prince de Condé que par son fils, le duc d'Enghien, et il a dû jouer un rôle décisif dans la conception de la façade de la terrasse sur le parterre (1681 ?). En tout cas, il devint en 1683 l'architecte du prince. Il réalisa donc sur ses dessins l'Orangerie (1683) et la transformation du Petit château (1685-1686) par le doublement de l'aile postérieure et la création de la galerie. Cependant il concevait aussi à la demande du duc d'Enghien des projets ingénieux pour une modernisation radicale du Château vieux. Mais après la mort du Grand Condé (1686) et la construction de l'église paroissiale ordonnée par son codicille, le nouveau prince se contenta d'une régularisation restreinte du Château vieux, limitée à la réalisation de deux ailes symétriques sur le parterre à partir de l'ancienne galerie de Chambiges adaptée et surélevée (1687- 1690). Les projets de Mansart pour la rénovation des autres ailes, malgré leur séduction, n'eurent pas d'exécution mais influencèrent probablement ceux d'Aubert, et ils témoignent en tout cas de la hardiesse de son imagination et de sa science de la distribution.
Résultats d'un essai de stimulation de croissance chez le radis par application de faibles doses de rayons X aux graines avant le semis
Authors: Bilquez André F. 
Published: April 2014

1. Des études ont été entreprises en vue de vérifier dans quelle mesure l'application de faibles doses de rayons X à des graines de radis avant leur semis pouvait provoquer une stimulation ultérieure de la croissance des plantes issues de ces graines, et aboutir à l'obtention d'une augmentation de rendement. 2. Les résultats obtenus permettent de conclure qu'il y a bien une stimulation de la croissance des plantes, à la suite de l'application aux graines de certaines doses de radiations.
3. La stimulation de croissance se manifeste seulement sur le système radiculaire. Elle n'intéresse pas le système foliaire.
4. La stimulation semble pouvoir être induite seulement par des doses bien précises, situées dans une marge assez étroite.
5. La sensibilité diffère d'une variété à l'autre au sein de la même espèce.
6. Les différences de poids entre matériel provenant de graines irradiées et matériel provenant de graines témoins non traitées ne deviennent mathématiquement significatives qu'à partir d'un stade déterminé de croissance ou de développement des plantes. Tout essai récolté en dehors de cette phase optimum ne permet pas de conclure mathématiquement, bien qu'il y ait indéniablement dans tous les cas une différence en faveur du matériel irradié, ainsi que le prouve la succession des résultats dans le temps.
Floristique des pâturages salés (Halophytes et subhalophytes) et végétation des rizières du Sine-Saloum (Sénégal) (suite et fin)
Authors: Adam J.G. 
Published: April 2014

Les pâturages salés (halophytes et subhalophytes) des deltas alluvionnaires du Sine et du Saloum, au Sénégal, croissent dans des sols sablo-argilo-limoneux situés de quelques centimètres à 0,50 m environ au-dessus des plus fortes inondations (pluies et marées). Ils forment le passage entre la végétation de la mangrove et arrière-mangrove et celle de la terre ferme sablonneuse qui constitue le sol normal de cette partie du Sénégal (Sine-Saloum) où se cultive l'arachide.
La flore est à tendance halophytique pour les parties les plus basses et elle emprunte à la flore locale intérieure une grande partie de sa composition dès que la présence du sel s'atténue.
Quelques espèces caractérisent par leur association ou leur présence en petits peuplements monophytes ces espaces qui ne sont jamais cultivés ou seulement très sporadiquement pour le riz ou l'arachide suivant leur position plus ou moins basse. Ils servent de vaine pâture au bétail. Ce sont : Porphyrostemma chevalieri, Loudetia bidentata, Brachiaria stigmatisata, Desmodium hirtum.
Ces pâturages sont limités floristiquement :
1° vers la mangrove par les groupements à Sporobolus robustus ou Schizachyrium compressum ;
2° vers les terres non inondables et non salées, par le groupement à Andropogon gayanus bisquamulatus ;
3° vers les terres humides ou passagèrement inondables en saison des pluies par les groupements à Hygrophila longifolia et senegalensis, qui précèdent le groupement des rizières humides en saison sèche à Ammania et Bacopa ; ou sèches à Cressa cretice.
La valeur fourragère de ces pâturages est très faible malgré la variété des espèces rencontrées. La plupart sont en effet étrangères et accidentelles, éparses et peu abondantes. Les graminées lignifiées dès la floraison, les Cypéracées siliceuses dominent et, vu leur situation topographique, l'aridité du climat et la présence du sel, il ne semble pas pouvoir y avoir une amélioration possible rentable de leur composition.
Seul, le programme en cours pour l'aménagement des rizières par retenues des eaux de pluies, pourrait peut-être prévoir un assolement riz-pâturage semi-artificiel, dans les zones où la hauteur et la durée de l'immersion seront favorables à cette réalisation. Les superficies de vaines pâtures actuelles qui seront englobées dans ces travaux pourront ainsi être beaucoup mieux utilisées.
Quelques plantes doivent avoir une valeur fourragère certaine et sont très recherchées par les animaux : Brachiaria stigmatisata, Echinochloa s.sp., Panicum humile, Schizaphyrium brevifolium, etc. Leur biologie, pour cette région, devrait être étudiée pour chercher à connaître les conditions optima de leur développement et s'efforcer de les réaliser pour les multiplier avec peu de risques d'insuccès.
Simultaneous hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma and myelofibrosis
Authors: Gabali Ali M , Jazaerly Tarek , Chang Chung-Che Jeff , Cleveland Ronald , Kass Lawrence 
Published: April 2014

AbstractHepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTL) is a rare T-cell neoplasm of the lymphoid system. This type of lymphoma is characterized by sinusoidal infiltration of spleen, liver, bone marrow and lymph nodes by neoplastic lymphocytes. Here, we discuss a patient who had a left axillary lymph node biopsy with characteristic histological and immunohistochemical features of HSTL. In addition, infiltrating neoplastic T-cells and simultaneous characteristic features of myelofibrosis (MF) were also present in the bone marrow biopsy specimen. In contrast to secondary MF, primary MF is a progressive disease and may significantly affect the prognosis of coexisting HSTL. There are few reports in the literature talking about mild bone marrow fibrosis in association with T cell lymphoma, however marked increase in bone marrow fibrosis and HSTL never being reported. This case is shedding light on HSTL and marked increase in bone marrow fibrosis.
Preoperative splenic artery embolization in klippel-Trenaunay syndrome with massive splenomegaly: A case report
Authors: Zhang Zishu , Dasika Narasimham L , Englesbe Michael J , Owens Scott R , Vellody Ranjith , Novelli Paula M , Shields James J 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe authors describe a case of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) with massive splenomegaly in a 29-year-old woman. Preoperative splenic artery embolization using the "double embolization technique" (a combination of distal selective splenic artery embolization and proximal splenic artery occlusion) facilitated open splenectomy.
A concurrent episode of two neoplasms in a toddler-age child
Authors: Alrazzak Muaz A , ZablahAlabi Jenny , Alrazzak Baraa , Angulo Guillermo De 
Published: April 2014

AbstractChildhood neoplasms are relatively rare and represent only about 1- 2% of the total incidence of neoplasms in United States. Concurrent episode of childhood cancer is uncommon and usually related to a cancer genetic syndrome. Li Fraumeni Syndrome refers to an autosomal dominant condition that is manifested by the development of certain cancers in early childhood and an increased lifetime risk for developing multiple primary cancers including sarcoma, breast cancer, leukemia, bone cancer, and others. We report a case of a 21-month-old girl who was found to have orbital embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and adrenocortical tumor concurrently.
Sur la lecture des manuels de biologie
Authors: Ginsburger-Vogel Yvette , Astolfi Jean-Pierre 
Published: April 2014

Les élèves qui arrivent en sixième ont appris à lire. Cependant, les performances médiocres souvent observées dans les activités scientifiques, sur des documents écrits, conduisent à s'interroger sur leurs acquisitions véritables, et, à mieux identifier les points sur lesquels l'effort d'apprentissage doit être poursuivi.
En effet, mettre en cause de façon globale le "niveau" des élèves, c'est sous-estimer la multiplicité des savoirs qu’exige la construction du sens de textes complexes, comme le sont les textes des manuels de biologie au Collège.
Au-delà de la mise en place des mécanismes de base à l'école élémentaire, les obstacles à l'appropriation des écrits restent variés et nombreux. Il s'agit d'interactions entre codes multiples, d'indices graphiques non explicités, de structures linguistiques marquant les types d'écrits, de densité informationnelle des messages... Cerner ces obstacles, c'est recenser les compétences qui restent à construire par des activités scientifiques, compétences qui conduiront les élèves à des stratégies de lecture plus efficaces et plus élaborées.
Quelques formes du savoir savant dans les discours de vulgarisation scientifique
Authors: Jacobi Daniel 
Published: April 2014

Some forms of advanced knowledge in the presentation of scientific vulgarisation

This article studies, from a linguistic and semiotic point of view, the textual changes in scientific knowledge. The corpus is composed of three texts by the same research worker, J. Le Magnen, which summarizes the recent researches on the neurophysiology of hunger.
Is academic knowledge distorted or transformed between the academic text and an article published in the popular review "Science et Vie" ? Though these three texts each have their own particularized coherence, they all contribute to the socio-diffusion of science.
Life Stage Influences on U.S. South Asian Women's Physical Activity
Authors: Dave Swapna S. , Craft Lynette L. , Mehta Promila , Naval Shilpa , Kumar Santosh , Kandula Namratha R. 
Published: April 2014

Purpose. South Asian (SA) women in the United States report extremely low rates of leisure time physical activity (PA) compared with women in other ethnic minority groups. This study explored SA women's perspectives on PA during different life stages. Design. This is a community-based participatory research study that used focus groups. Setting. The study setting was a community-based organization that provides social services to SA immigrants in Chicago, Illinois. Participants. The study team conducted six focus groups (in English and Hindi) with 42 SA women, ages 18 to 71 years. Method. A semistructured interview guide was used to foster discussion about perceptions of, barriers to/facilitators of, and suggestions for PA programs. Discussions were transcribed and independently coded by two reviewers using thematic content analysis and guided by a coding scheme that was developed a priori. Results. Participants said that different life stages strongly influenced their PA. PA decreased after marriage and having children. Chronic diseases constrained older women from more vigorous PA. Barriers to PA among younger women were family disapproval and perceptions that PA is unnecessary if you are “skinny.” Women agreed that PA is not a priority within the culture, and that interventions must take into account cultural, religious, and family context. Conclusion. Sociocultural norms, family constraints, and lack of awareness about the benefits of PA strongly influenced PA among SA women. Culturally salient intervention strategies might include programs in trusted community settings where women can exercise in women-only classes with their children, and targeted education campaigns to increase awareness about the benefits of PA across life stages.
On some new modular sequence spaces
Authors: Bektas Cigdem Asma , Atıci Gülcan 
Published: April 2014

Lindenstrauss and Tzafriri [7] used the idea of Orlicz function to define the sequence space ℓM which is called an Orlicz sequence space. Another generalization of Orlicz sequence spaces is due to Woo [9]. An important subspace of ℓ (M), which is an AK-space, is the space h (M) . We define the sequence spaces ℓM (m) and ℓ N(m), where M = (Mk) and N = (Nk) are sequences of Orlicz functions such that Mk and Nk be mutually complementary for each k. We also examine some topological properties of these spaces. We give the α−, β− and γ− duals of the sequence space h (M) and α− duals of the squence spaces ℓ (M, λ) and ℓ (N, λ).
On the spectrum of 2-nd order generalized difference operator $\delta^2$ over the sequence space $c_0$
Authors: Dutta S. , Baliarsingh Pinakadhar 
Published: April 2014

The main purpose of this article is to determine the spectrum and the fine spectrum of second order difference operator $\Delta^2$ over the sequence space $c_0$. For any sequence $(x_k)_0^\infty$ in $c_0$, the generalized second order difference operator $\Delta^2$ over $c_0$ is defined by $\Delta^2(x_k)= \sum_{i=0}^2(-1)^i\binom{2}{i}x_{k-i}=x_k-2x_{k-1}+x_{k-2}$, with $ x_{n} = 0$ for $n<0$.Throughout we use the convention that a term with a negative subscript is equal to zero.
The effect of age and sex on the perception of time in life
Authors: HANCOCK P. A. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
As a measure of their personal perception of time in life, 320 participants completed the Lines Test. Participants were asked to mark off on a line their perceived present life location between the endpoint anchors of birth and death. The percentage of the life span marked was compared with actuarial life expectancy to establish a quantitative degree of difference for each respondent. Results indicated a significant sex difference in which women across the age range investigated were more accurate as to their life location. Results also showed a significant age effect in which older participants consistently underestimated their life location to a much greater degree than their younger peers. A second investigation presented an amended version of the traditional Lines Test and scaled the actuarial life span to each participant’s specific age. The pattern of findings was replicated by this procedure. Reasons for this overall pattern of results are discussed in terms of what is currently understood about the perception of short intervals of time and the perception of duration across the life span.
Implicit evaluation of familiar and novel concepts presented at low levels of conscious detectability
Authors: OTTATI VICTOR C. , COATS SUSAN , MAE LYNDA , DECOSTER JAMIE , SMITH ELIOT R. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
In 2 experiments, implicit evaluation of novel and familiar concepts was assessed using a sequential priming procedure that enabled estimates of evaluative priming effects at low levels of detectability. In Experiment 1, the novel concepts referenced common names, and in Experiment 2 they referenced nonsense words. Whereas familiar concepts yielded priming effects at low levels of detectability in both experiments, novel concepts did not elicit any priming effect. Implicit evaluation of novel concepts has been documented in related research but under conditions that differ from those investigated here. The present results identify important limiting conditions associated with the implicit evaluation effect.
A visual and semantic locus to beneficial effects of verbalization on face memory
Authors: BROWN CHARITY , GEHRKE JÜRGEN , LLOYD-JONES TOBY J. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
We examined the effect of verbally describing a face on face memory as assessed in an old–new recognition task. Verbal facilitation, measured by a difference between verbalization and control conditions, was greater for upright than for inverted faces and greater for unfamiliar than for familiar faces. We propose that generating a verbal description enhances the processing of global visual information that differentiates an individual face from other faces that are encountered and also improves recognition through the association of visually derived semantic information. Verbalization enhances visual and semantic distinctiveness in memory.
Narratives distinguish experienced from imagined childhood events
Authors: KRACKOW ELISA 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The present study extends the reality monitoring framework by examining whether a portion of the phenomenal characteristics by which perceived and imagined events are theorized to differ appear in event narratives at different rates. The study analyzed the narratives of childhood events that participants either reportedly experienced or denied experiencing but imagined. Two types of events were included: emotional and neutral. In comparison to imagined events, participants’ narratives of experienced childhood events were lengthier and contained a greater percentage of words indicative of cognitive processes. Imagined events contained a greater percentage of emotion words. There were no significant differences in perceptual processes. In some cases the findings differed significantly across the emotional and neutral events. This study provides the first available evidence that memory characteristics extend to narratives and thereby distinguish experienced from imagined childhood events.
Compatibility of motion information in two aircraft attitude displays for a tracking task
Authors: YAMAGUCHI MOTONORI , PROCTOR ROBERT W. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
In a conventional aircraft attitude indicator, the artificial horizon moves in the direction opposite to the pilot’s hands and the movement of the aircraft. This horizon-moving format is believed to be response–effect (R–E) incompatible. An alternative format, aircraft-moving, presents movement of the aircraft symbol that is compatible with both the pilot’s hand movements and the movement of the aircraft. In the present study, nonpilot participants performed an attitude tracking task with a horizon-moving or aircraft-moving display for 6 training sessions and 1 transfer session in which the display was switched to the other format. The participants performed the task equally well and showed similar rates of improvement with the 2 displays. However, a switch of display format degraded tracking performance, indicating that learned skills did not transfer between formats. The results of a secondary choice reaction task, performed concurrently during tracking, suggested that attention can be divided between visual and auditory modalities better with the horizon-moving display than with the aircraft-moving display. We argue that the horizon-moving format is R–E compatible, as far as the tracking task is concerned, and that the effects of display format on the secondary task may be due to different modes of spatial representation being used to monitor the formats.
Frequency of dream sharing: The effects of gender and personality
Authors: SCHREDL MICHAEL , SCHAWINSKI JOELLE ALEXANDRA 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Although dreaming is a private experience, dream sharing is a common experience for most people. Dreams are disclosed to romantic partners, friends, and relatives, and the sharing is often associated with enhancement of relational intimacy and stress relief (e.g., in the case of nightmares). Research has focused on factors that might affect dream sharing such as dream recall frequency, gender, and emotional intensity of the dream. The present findings indicate that about 14.5% of the dreams were shared and that dream recall frequency, nightmare frequency, attitude toward dreams, gender, extroversion, and thin boundaries are associated independently with the frequency of dream sharing. Longitudinal studies are needed to differentiate between state factors and trait factors and to validate the self-reported positive effects of dream sharing on intimacy in romantic relationships and friendships.
Self-Report: Psychology’s Four-Letter Word
Authors: HAEFFEL GERALD J. , HOWARD GEORGE S. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Self-report continues to be one of the most widely used measurement strategies in psychology despite longstanding concerns about its validity and scientific rigor. In this article, the merits of self-report are examined from a philosophy of science perspective. A framework is also provided for evaluating self-report measures. Specifically, four issues are presented that can be used as a decision aid when making choices about measurement.