bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SOFTWARE-DEFINED PI/4-DQPSK MODEM WITH RECEIVE ANTENNA DIVERSITY
Authors: Ivanov Ivan , Angelov Mario 
Published: July 2024

Software-defined radio (SDR) is leading concept nowadays, for development of multifunctional radio systems. Article addresses design and implementation on SDR platform of digital modulator/demodulator (modem) with pi/4 differential quadrature phase shift keying modulation (pi/4-DQPSK) and antenna diversity in the receiver side. A model of the system was created in GNU Radio Framework. Experimental results of bit error rate (BER) in presence of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) is obtained through simulation and compared with no diversity system. Superiority of diversity scheme, based on criteria BER, is confirmed by numerical results. An experimental, model-based RF DQPSK modem was implemented with Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) frontend. This step from development process confirms advantages of SDR concept, verifies model implementation trough ability to exchange digital information from the transceiver to the receiver in indoor environment and capability of constructive elements to support cocherense. For future implementation of full functional radio communication system, the need of additional blocks for synchronization is identified.
OPTIMIZING 3D PRINTING PARAMETERS TO IMPROVE DIMENSIONAL ACCURACY
Authors: Sabev Sabi , Chukalov Konstantin , Bakardzhiev Valeri , Izmirliyan Agop 
Published: July 2024

The article examines the influence of 3D printing speed and layer thickness on the accuracy of functional dimensions of a part-eight wall prism with 5 holes-one in the centre and 4 in the periphery. For printing the samples, ABS material was used, which is one of the main materials for the production of machines and parts. A portal measuring machine with the highest accuracy was used to effectively perform the task of measuring deviations from the size of the sample. Due to the large volume of experimental results, they were averaged to minimize error and processed using statistical processing software. An accurate regression model was obtained and the printing parameters were optimized.
THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE MILITARY SCHOOL TO THE BUILDING OF THE NATIONAL SECURITY SYSTEM OF BULGARIA IN THE PERIOD 1878-1885
Authors: Krastev Krastyu 
Published: July 2024

The present article is part of an in-depth scientific study focused on the evolution of officer training in the Bulgarian military school from 1878 to the present day. The subject of this report is the role of the military school in the developing system of national security in the period 1878-1885. The purpose of the report is to determine the contribution of the military school to national security based on the analysis of quantitative and qualitative indicators. To achieve the goal, the following research tasks have been formulated: 1. To carry out a study of the available military-historical archival funds and units to establish the parameters of the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the study. 2. Based on the analysis of the career development of officers who successfully graduated from the military school, to determine their contribution to national security for the period of study. The research methodology covers the use alone or in combination of the generally accepted scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, induction and deduction, historical references, studies of specialized publications on the subject, etc.
Penerapan Teori Pembelajaran Kontekstual dengan Pendekatan Scientific Literacy terhadap Keterampilan Mengambil Keputusan
Authors: Alsya Nurnabilla Tasyakuri  , Ulinnuha Nur Faizah  
Published: July 2024

Perkembangan abad 21 mengharuskan peserta didik untuk memiiliki keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi. Salah satu keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi abad 21 adalah keterampilan mengambil keputusan. Sains yang bersifat abstrak membutuhkan pendekatan yang sesuai dalam pembelajaran, salah satunya adalah dengan diterapkannya teori pembelajaran kontekstual dengan pendekatan scientific literacy. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil pengambilan keputusan dan indikator keterampilan pengambilan keputusan peserta didik pada topik ekologi, juga untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat dampak dan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keterampilan pengambilan keputusan dari penerapan teori pembelajaran kontekstual dan pendekatan literasi sains. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksperimen yang menggunakan desain one group pre-test and post-test design. Teknik pengambilan sampel berupa nonprobability sampling. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 14 peserta didik kelas VII SMP Muhammadiyah Boarding School Pringkuku. Analisis data yang dilakukan adalah analisis parametrik dengan melakukan uji paired sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat variasi keputusan setiap peserta didik dengan indikator pengambilan keputusan tertinggi dalam mengidentifikasi pilihan dan menentukan pilihan. Terdapat pengaruh dan perubahan yang signifikan dengan rata-rata selisih sebesar 14,28 dan effect size sebesar 1,322. Hasil penenitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan teori pembelajaran kontekstual dengan pendekatan scientific literacy memberikan dampak yang positif terhadap keterampilan mengambil keputusan bagi peserta didik.
ECT and Psychiatric Rehospitalization Rates: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Rahangdale Aneesh , Wasdin Joshua , Ferraro Jeffrey 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) induces a generalized seizure under anesthesia with an electrical current for treatment-resistant patients and may be underutilized. To our knowledge, no large-scale, American, nationwide hospital system retrospective study has examined how ECT affects psychiatric rehospitalization chances.
Methods
We analyzed initial inpatient encounters for adults aged > 18 years at HCA Healthcare Behavioral Health Units from 2016–2021 with diagnoses of major depressive disorder with/without psychosis, bipolar disorder with/without psychosis, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Excluding pregnancy and incarceration cases, we compared psychiatric rehospitalization rates within 365 days for patients receiving ECT versus those with the same diagnoses not receiving ECT. Subgroup analyses were conducted by diagnosis, length of stay, sex, and race. Detailed statistical analyses included bivariate analyses with Fisher's Exact Test and Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test.
Results
We analyzed 38,109 distinct patients, 637 of which received ECT. The readmission rate was 37.52% for ECT recipients versus 20.71% for non-ECT patients (p < 0.0001). ECT was associated with higher readmission rates, particularly for severe diagnoses like psychosis (87.28%), schizoaffective disorder (3.77%), and schizophrenia (6.59%). ECT patients had significantly longer readmission lengths of stay (mean 14.53 days vs 6.54 days for non-ECT, p < 0.0001). White patients received ECT more frequently. Females received ECT more often, while males had higher readmission rates.
Conclusions
ECT was associated with higher psychiatric rehospitalization rates and longer lengths of stay. This suggests ECT is more commonly used for complex, severe cases which may contribute to higher rehospitalization. Stronger social support and hospital and geographic ties among ECT patients may also play a role.
How do home visits during pregnancy strengthen breastfeeding support postpartum? A realist evaluation of a large Danish breastfeeding intervention
Authors: Gadeberg Anne Kristine , Nilsson Ingrid Maria Susanne , Christensen Ulla , Jacobsen Marie Honoré , Rossau Henriette Knold , Villadsen Sarah Fredsted 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Breastfeeding has numerous health benefits but social inequality in breastfeeding is documented in many high-income countries. The evidence for improving breastfeeding support through prenatal encounters is conflicting, but points towards a mechanism activated through a positive relationship between the families and their health care providers. In Denmark, an intervention including a pregnancy home visit from a health visitor with focus on breastfeeding was implemented in a cluster randomized design in 20 municipalities to prolong and reduce social inequality in breastfeeding. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the pregnancy home visit affected breastfeeding support across socioeconomic groups with attention to how, and for whom, the pregnancy visit activated a mechanism of improved relationship and trust between the health visitor and the family.
Methods
We used a realist evaluation approach. In the intervention arm, we observed 35 home visits delivered by the health visitors, interviewed 16 mothers and conducted 6 focus groups with a total of 34 health visitors to examine the intervention mechanisms and contextual factors that influence the generation of outcomes. The analysis applied Luhmann’s, and Brown and Meyers’ concepts of trust as middle-range theories.
Results
The pregnancy home visit enabled early establishment of trust which enhanced the subsequent breastfeeding support postpartum in numerous ways. In realist terms, our central mechanism of change, the establishment of trust, had optimal conditions for success in the contextual setting of the pregnancy home visit where there was time, peace, undisturbed conversations, mental capacity to reflection, and a perceived more even power balance between the family and the health visitor which resulted in a range of positive outcomes. The mechanism resulted in improved tailored breastfeeding support postpartum, families reaching out to the health visitor sooner when experiencing breastfeeding difficulties, and families expressing a more positive experience of breastfeeding. The mechanism was activated across the different socioeconomic groups.
Conclusions
The circumstances of the pregnancy home visit increase the chances of establishment of trust between the health visitor and the family. Especially for families in vulnerable positions, the pregnancy home visit is a potent driver for enhancing the gains from breastfeeding support.
Different U-Net Variants for Segmentation of Histological Breast Images: An Analytical Comparison
Authors: Ramalakshmi Eliganti , Gunisetti Loshma , sumalatha L 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The diagnosis and treatment of Breast Cancer disorders depend on information from Breast image segmentation, which is a crucial task in medical image analysis. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have demonstrated outstanding performance in a number of medical picture segmentation tasks, including Breast image segmentation, in recent years. In this study, using a publicly available dataset, we assess the histopathological Breast image segmentation performance of three CNN models, specifically U-Net, U- Net++, and U-Net3++.The U-Net++ and U-Net3++ models are improved variants of the well-known U-Net model that were created to address the short comings of the original architecture. Despite U-Net3++ surpassing the other two models in terms of dice coefficient and surface distance, the experiments demonstrate that all three models obtained good accuracy. According to our findings, U-Net3++ is a promising Breast image segmentation model with the potential to increase the precision of Breast Cancer disease detection and therapy.
Biomolecular condensates can enhance pathological RNA clustering
Authors: Banerjee Priya , Mahendran Tharun Selvam , Wadsworth Gable , Singh Anurag 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Intracellular aggregation of repeat expanded RNA has been implicated in many neurological disorders. Here, we study the role of biomolecular condensates on irreversible RNA clustering. We find that physiologically relevant and disease-associated repeat RNAs spontaneously undergo an age-dependent percolation transition inside multi-component protein-nucleic acid condensates to form nanoscale clusters. Homotypic RNA clusters drive the emergence of multiphasic condensate structures with an RNA-rich solid core surrounded by an RNA-depleted fluid shell. The timescale of the RNA clustering, which drives a liquid-to-solid transition of biomolecular condensates, is determined by the sequence features, stability of RNA secondary structure, and repeat length. Importantly, G3BP1, the core scaffold of stress granules, introduces heterotypic buffering to homotypic RNA-RNA interactions and impedes intra-condensate RNA clustering in an ATP-independent manner. Our work suggests that biomolecular condensates can act as sites for RNA aggregation. It also highlights the functional role of RNA-binding proteins in suppressing aberrant RNA phase transitions.
Serotonin receptor 5-HT7 modulates inflammatory-associated functions of macrophages
Authors: Bahr Frauke S , Müller Franziska , Kasten Martina , Benen Nils , Falk Christine S , Hilfiker-Kleiner Denise , Ricke-Hoch Melanie , Ponimaskin Evgeni 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The hormone and neurotransmitter serotonin regulates numerous physiological functions within the central nervous system and in the periphery upon binding to specific receptors. In the periphery, the serotonin receptor 7 (5-HT7R) is expressed on different immune cells including monocytes and macrophages. To investigate the impact of 5-HT7R-mediated signaling on macrophage properties, we used human THP-1 cells and differentiated them into pro-inflammatory M1- and anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages. Pharmacological 5-HT7R activation with the specific agonist LP-211 especially modulates morphology of M1-like macrophages by increasing the number of rounded cells. Furthermore, 5-HT7R stimulation results in significantly reduced phagocytic and migratory ability of M1-like macrophages. Noteworthy, LP-211 treatment leads to changes in secretory properties of all macrophages types with the highest effects obtained for M0- and M2c-like macrophages. These results indicate that 5-HT7R activation selectively impairs basic functions of pro-inflammatory macrophages and might thus be a new access point for the modulation of macrophage responses in the future treatment of inflammatory diseases.
ENO2 in Progression and Treatment of Colon Adenocarcinoma Based on Non-Apoptotic Cell Death
Authors: Tang Jia , Wang Weiqiang , Tang Guangming 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most common types of cancer. The interconnection between non-apoptotic cell death and COAD has not been adequately addressed. In our study, an integrative computational analysis was performed to explore non-apoptotic cell death-related biomarkers in COAD. ENO2 was determined as a potent biomarker for prognosis, drug response, immunity, and immunotherapy prediction. We used EdU and RT-qPCR assays to test our hypothesis and investigate how the ENO2 gene may influence or regulate cancer-related processes. ENO2 was expected to be a potential target in COAD.
Investigating the Physicochemical and Optical Properties of PANI and PANI-ZnO Thin Films for an Efficient Ammonia Sensor at Ambient Conditions
Authors: Dhanve Shilpa P. , Gutte Yashavant , Birajdar Chandrakant 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Recently, owing to the versatile properties of conducting polymer-nanomaterial composite thin films have been extensively employed in diverse applications. Within this framework, the present investigation reported the NH3 gas sensing ability of zinc oxide nanoparticles doped polyaniline (PANI-ZnO) composite thin films along with physicochemical and optoelectronic properties. The PANI-ZnO nanocomposite thin films were harvested using a soft chemical polymerisation technique over a glass substrate. The physicochemical and optoelectronic properties of the developed thin films were explored using the XRD, FESEM, UV-Vis. and FTIR characterisation techniques. The NH3 gas sensing properties of PANI and PANI-ZnO nanocomposite thin film at ambient temperature were studied using the chemiresistive sensing technique. The developed PANI-ZnO sensor exhibited an excellent response toward the target NH3 gas with outstanding sensitivity, selectivity, linearity, and stability. Comparatively, the PANI-ZnO thin films show enhanced sensitivity, stability, response and recovery time than the PANI film. Thus, the present study declared that the developed PANI-ZnO thin films are promising candidates for low-concentration detection of NH3 gas with appropriate response and recovery time.
A Method to Estimate Prevalence of Diabetes for Adults Based on Insurance Data
Authors: Yang Wenyi , Chen Min , Guo Xiaojing , Liu Yongxiang , Li Ning , Dou Haibo , Meng Xianfeng , Liu Na , Wan Xia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Insurance data could be a good source to get prevalence of diabetes. However, because of the low treatment rate of diabetes, the prevalent cases from the insurance data are just part of all prevalent cases in general population. Therefore, it is important to explore a method to fill in the gap between the insurance data and the general population.
Objective: This study aims to offer a method to estimate the prevalence of diabetes among population based on insurance data, and reported the prevalence of Weifang city, China.
Methods: By borrowing the methods on population deaths estimation based on the hospital deaths, we constructed a possibility model by using the data from the 2018 Social Factors of Chronic Disease (SFCD) of Weifang to assess the probability (Pi) of diabetes cases having treatment in hospital, which means when there is one patient in the insurance, there will be 1/(Pi) patients in the population. Then based on the model, we used the diabetes patient in 2020 insurance database to estimate the prevalent cases in population.
Results: The possibility model is Logit P= −3.4484+0.0520∗A+0.2520∗G−0.7011∗I. The female or the people having urban employees insurance were more possible to have treatment. The model estimated that the prevalence of diabetes in the whole population in Weifang City was 7.29% for adults.
Conclusions: This study proposed a method to estimate diabetes prevalence among population based on the insurance data. The prevalence of diabetes in the whole population in Weifang City was 7.29% for adults.
Antibiotic Overuse in a Contemporary Cohort of Children Hospitalized with Influenza, RSV, or SARS-CoV-2: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kalasikam Mrinmoyee , Jimenez-Truque Natalia , Kloek Anisa , Banerjee Ritu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Children hospitalized with viral respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are often prescribed antibiotics due to concern for bacterial co-infection, although most do not have concurrent bacterial infections. This unnecessary antibiotic treatment can lead to bacterial resistance and adverse events. The extent of antibiotic overuse in hospitalized children with community-onset viral RTIs has not been described in recent years. To identify antibiotic stewardship opportunities in this population, we quantified the extent of antibiotic overtreatment and determined predictors of antibiotic use among children hospitalized with influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), or SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).
Methods
We performed a single-center retrospective study evaluating antibiotic use and culture-confirmed bacterial co-infection among children and adolescents hospitalized with influenza, RSV, or COVID-19 between April 2020 and May 2023. Predictors of antibiotic treatment were determined using logistic regression.
Results
We included 1,718 patients (influenza: 188; RSV: 1,022; COVID-19: 535). Patients with RSV were younger and more likely to be in intensive care. Eight percent of patients had culture-confirmed bacterial co-infection. The proportion of children with culture-confirmed bacterial infection was low (8%) but the proportion receiving antibiotics was high and varied by virus (influenza: 60.6%, RSV:41.2%, COVID-19: 48.6%, p < 0.001). Independent predictors for receipt of antibiotics were elevated inflammatory markers, mechanical ventilation, and influenza infection. Among patients with the lowest severity of illness, 48% received ≥ 1 dose of antibiotics.
Conclusions
In children hospitalized with community-onset viral RTIs, antibiotic treatment is substantially higher than the burden of culture-confirmed bacterial infection, especially for influenza, suggesting antibiotic overuse and antibiotic stewardship opportunities.
Severe Myocardium Suppression in Two Congenital Heart Disease Patients After Remdesivir Use
Authors: Lin Yi-Fan , Fang Shih-Yu , Huang Shu-Chien , Wu En-Ting 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Remdesivir, the first antiviral agent against SARS-CoV-2 fully approved by the FDA, induces ECG abnormalities and impairs cardiac function. Remdesivir interferes with mitochondrial dynamics in vitro, herein, we report on two pediatric patients with a history of congenital heart disease (CHD) who developed profound cardiogenic shock after remdesivir administration.
Patient 1
A 10-year-old boy with hypoplastic left heart syndrome was admitted for SARS-CoV-2 infection with a high viral load. After receiving remdesivir, the patient experienced refractory hypotension and a widening of the QRS duration, followed by cardiac arrest. Despite treatment with multiple inotropes and vasopressors, the patient required venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) for cardiogenic shock and ultimately died of intracranial hemorrhage.
Patient 2
A 15-year-old boy with pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect after corrective surgeries was admitted for SARS-CoV-2 infection. After receiving remdesivir, the patient developed hypotension, ultimately requiring VA-ECMO due to profound shock and multiorgan failure. Despite stabilization, the patient remained comatose and eventually succumbed to a severe intra-abdominal infection.
Conclusion
In our proposed model, remdesivir may impair cardiac function, especially at high viral loads, by interfering with mitochondrial quality control and augmenting the cytokine storm. Certain CHDs lead to ventricular overload, rendering cardiomyocytes susceptible to remdesivir-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, the sudden onset of shock and the protracted nature of its progression observed in the two patients were in line with the pharmacokinetics of remdesivir. We recommend that remdesivir be used with caution in patients with CHD with right ventricle failure and single-ventricle circulation.
Chloroplast genome sequencing in winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) and comparative analysis with other legumes
Authors: Singh Nikhil Kumar , Singh Binay K. , Giddhi Anupama , Srivast Harsha , Pandey Avinash , Kumar Sudhir , Pattanayak A. , Bhadana V. P. , Rakshit Sujay , Tribhuvan Kishor U. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) is a fast-growing, underutilized legume thriving in hot, humid regions. It forms symbiotic associations with a broad-spectrum cowpea rhizobial group, making it ideal for crop rotation or intercropping systems. Winged bean seeds are rich in protein, fiber, vitamins, minerals, fat, and carbohydrates, highlighting its potential as a valuable agricultural crop. In this study, we conducted whole-genome sequencing of the winged bean chloroplast using high-coverage short-read sequencing on the Illumina platform, generating over 1 billion paired-end raw reads. We utilized the GetOrganelle toolkit to assemble the chloroplast genome comprising 130 genes, including 85 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNAs, and eight rRNA genes. We also identified 84 perfect SSRs, two compound SSRs, and 15 VNTRs. Our analysis revealed the typical quadripartite structure of the chloroplast genome, along with insights into its functional classification and phylogenetic relationships with other legumes. Additionally, we identified possible genomic rearrangements through synteny analysis. Characterizing the winged bean chloroplast genome provides crucial resources for research and crop improvement. Comparative genomics of the chloroplast offers significant insights into the evolutionary and molecular biology of legumes.