bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reaching Consensus by Allowing Moments of Indecision
Authors: Svenkeson A. , Swami A. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractGroup decision-making processes often turn into a drawn out and costly battle between two opposing subgroups. Using analytical arguments based on a master equation description of the opinion dynamics occurring in a three-state model of cooperatively interacting units, we show how the capability of a social group to reach consensus can be enhanced when there is an intermediate state for indecisive individuals to pass through. The time spent in the intermediate state must be relatively short compared to that of the two polar states in order to create the beneficial effect. Furthermore, the cooperation between individuals must not be too low, as the benefit to consensus is possible only when the cooperation level exceeds a specific threshold. We also discuss how zealots, agents that remain in one state forever, can affect the consensus among the rest of the population by counteracting the benefit of the intermediate state or making it virtually impossible for an opposition to form.
Extensive weight loss reveals distinct gene expression changes in human subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue
Authors: Mardinoglu Adil , Heiker John T. , Gärtner Daniel , Björnson Elias , Schön Michael R. , Flehmig Gesine , Klöting Nora , Krohn Knut , Fasshauer Mathias , Stumvoll Michael , Nielsen Jens , Blüher Matthias 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWeight loss has been shown to significantly improve Adipose tissue (AT) function, however changes in AT gene expression profiles particularly in visceral AT (VAT) have not been systematically studied. Here, we tested the hypothesis that extensive weight loss in response to bariatric surgery (BS) causes AT gene expression changes, which may affect energy and lipid metabolism, inflammation and secretory function of AT. We assessed gene expression changes by whole genome expression chips in AT samples obtained from six morbidly obese individuals, who underwent a two step BS strategy with sleeve gastrectomy as initial and a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass as second step surgery after 12 ± 2 months. Global gene expression differences in VAT and subcutaneous (S)AT were analyzed through the use of genome-scale metabolic model (GEM) for adipocytes. Significantly altered gene expressions were PCR-validated in 16 individuals, which also underwent a two-step surgery intervention. We found increased expression of cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector a (CIDEA), involved in formation of lipid droplets in both fat depots in response to significant weight loss. We observed that expression of the genes associated with metabolic reactions involved in NAD+, glutathione and branched chain amino acid metabolism are significantly increased in AT depots after surgery-induced weight loss.
Evaluation of potential acute cardiotoxicity of biodegradable nanocapsules in rats by intravenous administration
Authors: Fracasso Rafael , Baierle Marília , Goëthel Gabriela , Barth Anelise , Freitas Fernando , Nascimento Sabrina , Altknecht Louise , Olsen Virgilio , Paese Karina , da Silva Vinicius Duval , Castro Iran , Andrades Michael , Clausell Nadine , Pohlmann Adriana , Guterres Silvia , Garcia Solange Cristina 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Nanotoxicology aims to study the safety of nanomaterials, especially towards human exposure. Biodegradable polymeric nanocapsules have been indicated as potential drug carriers applicable for treating several pathologies. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential cardiotoxicity of biodegradable lipid-core nanocapsules (LNC) containing poly(ε-caprolactone). Nanocapsules were characterized and the acute toxicity evaluation was conducted in Wistar rats. Two control groups (saline and tween/glycerol) were utilized, and three treated groups were chosen for low, intermediate and high doses: 28.7 × 1012 (LNC-1), 57.5 × 1012 (LNC-2) and 115 × 1012 (LNC-3), expressed as number of nanocapsules per milliliter per kg. Blood pressure measurements were performed in non-anesthetized animals by caudal plethysmography. The electrocardiographic (ECG) and echocardiographic analyses were carried out after anesthesia by isoflurane at two points, prior to treatment and after 14 days. Blood was collected 24 hours and 14 days after treatment. Biochemical and histopathological analyses were performed. During the evaluation period, no deaths, weight loss or clinical signs were observed. Post-treatment systolic pressures (24 h and 14 days) were significantly increased in comparison to pre-treatment in both control groups and treated groups, which is suggested to be as a possible consequence of the infused volume. Serum sodium, potassium, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, as well as, hematological parameters were within reference values established for rats. ECG showed no indications of cardiotoxicity. Despite the echocardiograms, no alterations in the ejection fraction were found as indicators of cardiotoxicity. Cardiac histopathology also demonstrated no alterations. Therefore, the present results on acute evaluation after i.v. administration, by slow infusion, showed potential safety since no cardiotoxic effects by ECG, echocardiographic, arterial pressure, biochemical and histopathological analyses were found.
Medieval warming initiated exceptionally large wildfire outbreaks in the Rocky Mountains
Authors: Calder W. John , Parker Dusty , Stopka Cody J. , Jiménez-Moreno Gonzalo , Shuman Bryan N. 
Published: October 2015

Significance
In the western United States and other forested regions, climate change may increase both the frequency of wildfires and the amount of area burned. Studies of past climate changes and their effects on wildfires can provide constraints on potential future wildfire risks. Here, we reconstruct the history of wildfire across a representative subalpine forest landscape in northern Colorado over the past two millennia. Warming of ∼0.5 °C ∼1,000 years ago increased the percentage of our study sites burned per century by ∼260% relative to the past ∼400 y. The large increase in the number of sites burned by fires highlights the risk that large portions of individual landscapes may burn as climates continue to warm today.
Current extinction rates of reptiles and amphibians
Authors: Alroy John 
Published: October 2015

Significance
It is hard to know how many species have gone extinct so far because it is difficult to prove that something not seen recently is really gone forever. This paper uses a new, highly conservative statistical method to infer the number of extinct amphibian and reptile species across the world. Frogs are of particular concern because an invasive fungus has recently caused many populations to collapse. The data are lists of specimens in museum collections. The method provides sensible results when the data are randomized or artificial extinctions are imposed. It suggests that about 200 frog extinctions have occurred and hundreds more will be lost over the next century, so we are on pace to create a mass extinction.
Brain palpation from physiological vibrations using MRI
Authors: Zorgani Ali , Souchon Rémi , Dinh Au-Hoang , Chapelon Jean-Yves , Ménager Jean-Michel , Lounis Samir , Rouvière Olivier , Catheline Stefan 
Published: October 2015

Significance
It is commonly supposed that noise obscures but does not contain useful information. However, in wave physics and especially, seismology, scientists developed some tools known as “noise correlation” to extract useful information and construct images from the random vibrations of a medium. Living tissues are full of unexploited vibrations as well. In this manuscript, we show that noise correlation techniques in the brain using MRI can conduct to a tomography related to the stiffness that physicians estimate during a palpation examination. This MRI brain seismology in rupture with other techniques is experimentally shown in vitro and in vivo.
Longitudinal spread of mechanical excitation through tectorial membrane traveling waves
Authors: Sellon Jonathan B. , Farrahi Shirin , Ghaffari Roozbeh , Freeman Dennis M. 
Published: October 2015

Significance
The sharp frequency selectivity of auditory neurons, which is a hallmark of mammalian hearing, originates mechanically in the cochlea. Local resonance of the tectorial membrane (TM) is thought to play a key role. However, the presence of TM traveling waves suggests an entirely different mechanism. In this paper, we present experiments to measure longitudinal spread of mechanical excitation via TM traveling waves and discuss implications for the resulting tuning. We show that increasing viscosity or decreasing stiffness of the TM reduces the longitudinal spread of mechanical excitation, which would sharpen frequency selectivity. These trends are opposite those trends for a resonant TM, where increasing viscous loss or decreasing stiffness would broaden tuning.
Dissecting pigment architecture of individual photosynthetic antenna complexes in solution
Authors: Wang Quan , Moerner W. E. 
Published: October 2015

Significance
Energy from the sun is captured by the biosphere through photosynthetic antenna proteins, which function by integration of a set of pigments into a protein scaffold. Nature uses relatively similar pigment building blocks to achieve diverse functions, and the organizing principles behind this process are not fully understood. Using a single-molecule microfluidic trap and multiparameter fluorescence spectroscopy, we explore how the photophysical properties of individual pigment sites are modulated by the protein’s oligomerization states, using single proteins of a model antenna from cyanobacteria. Our measurements achieve a bottom-up dissection of the structural-function relation of the model pigment−protein complex with important implications for photosynthetic antenna biophysics.
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 is protective in atherosclerosis and its metabolites provide new opportunities for drug development
Authors: Cole Jennifer E. , Astola Nagore , Cribbs Adam P. , Goddard Michael E. , Park Inhye , Green Patricia , Davies Alun H. , Williams Richard O. , Feldmann Marc , Monaco Claudia 
Published: October 2015

SignificanceInflammation is an important component of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, the world’s biggest killer. No antiinflammatory treatments have yet been developed to treat cardiovascular disease. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a critical enzyme in the metabolism of tryptophan that has been shown to be immune-regulatory in many diseases. ApoE−/−mice deficient in IDO (ApoE−/−Indo−/−) developed larger atherosclerotic lesions and an unfavorable lesion phenotype that may predispose to cardiovascular complications. Furthermore, administration of an orally active synthetic tryptophan metabolite (3,4-DAA) reduced disease development in mice and cytokine production in human atheroma. Our data demonstrate that endogenous production of tryptophan metabolites via IDO is an essential feedback loop that controls atherogenesis and athero-inflammation, defining a path toward the development of new therapeutics.
Shocking Results: Assessing the Rates of Fish Injury from Pulsed-DC Electrofishing
Authors: Culver Edward F. , Chick John H. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Electrofishing is one of the more commonly used techniques for sampling fish in freshwater ecosystems. In the present study, four native fish species (Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus, Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus, Freshwater Drum Aplodinotus grunniens, and Gizzard Shad Dorosoma cepedianum) and two invasive species (Common Carp Cyprinus carpio and Silver Carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) that were captured in the Mississippi and Illinois rivers were assessed for evidence of vertebral injuries from pulsed-DC (PDC) boat electrofishing. Fish were collected by electrofishing crews conducting routine standardized sampling for two long-term monitoring programs. Fifty percent of Silver Carp and 27% of Channel Catfish were injured; no injuries were observed for the other species examined. Injury rates for Silver Carp were 71% in the Illinois River and 30% in the Mississippi River. The Silver Carp injury rate was positively correlated with conductivity, temperature, and pulse frequency and negatively correlated with TL. In contrast, the injury rate of Channel Catfish was similar between rivers and exhibited no correlation with TL, condition factor, conductivity, or temperature. Our results demonstrate that Silver Carp and Channel Catfish in the upper Mississippi River system are sustaining injuries from PDC electrofishing. The observed effects of pulse frequency on the Silver Carp injury rate suggest that managers could alter the pulse frequency settings for the electric barriers at the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal and for other electricity-based management efforts to reduce Silver Carp populations in the Chicago Area Waterway System.
Received March 25, 2015; accepted July 6, 2015
Physical Activity and Body Weight among Adults in Malaysia
Authors: Tan Andrew K. G. , Wang Yanghao , Yen Steven T. , Feisul Mustapha I. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe influence of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors on body weight conditional upon endogenous physical activity (PA) is examined for adults in Malaysia. We find an inverse link between body weight and PA at elevated PA levels. Vigorous PA with metabolic equivalent of task (MET) of 1500 minutes per week and above is required for healthy changes in body weight. Older individuals and those with low education and a family history of illnesses are associated with higher body mass index (BMI) across PA levels. Individuals of Chinese and other ethnicity, males, smokers, and persons working long hours have lower BMI at all PA levels.
Convergent architecture of the transcriptome in human cancer
Authors: Zou Lihua 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTSDespite large-scale efforts to systematically map the cancer genome, little is known about how the interplay of genetic and epigenetic alternations shapes the architecture of the tumor’s transcriptome. With the goal of constructing a system-level view of the deregulated pathways in cancer cells, we systematically investigated the functional organization of the transcriptomes of 10 tumor types using data sets generated by The Cancer Genome Atlas project (TCGA). Our analysis indicates that the human cancer transcriptome is organized into well-conserved modules of co-expressed genes. In particular, our analysis identified a set of conserved gene modules with distinct cancer hallmark themes involving cell cycle regulation, angiogenesis, innate and adaptive immune response, differentiation, metabolism and regulation of protein phosphorylation. We applied a network inference approach to nominate candidate drivers of these conserved gene modules. The predicted drivers have consistent cancer-relevant functions related to the specific hallmarks and are enriched with cancer consensus genes and significantly mutated genes. We showed genetic alternations ofTP53and other cell cycle drivers have major downstream transcriptional impact on cell cycle regulation. Collectively, our analysis provided global views of convergent transcriptome architecture of human cancer. The result of our analysis can serve as a foundation to link diverse genomic alternations to common transcriptomic features in human cancer.
Characterization of a novel fusion geneEML4-NTRK3in a case of recurrent congenital fibrosarcoma
Authors: Tannenbaum-Dvir Sarah , Glade Bender Julia L. , Church Alanna J. , Janeway Katherine A. , Harris Marian H. , Mansukhani Mahesh M. , Nagy Peter L. , Andrews Stuart J. , Murty Vundavalli V. , Kadenhe-Chiweshe Angela , Connolly Eileen P. , Kung Andrew L. , Dela Cruz Filemon S. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe describe the clinical course of a recurrent case of congenital fibrosarcoma diagnosed in a 9-mo-old boy with a history of hemimelia. Following complete surgical resection of the primary tumor, the patient subsequently presented with bulky bilateral pulmonary metastases 6 mo following surgery. Molecular characterization of the tumor revealed the absence of the prototypicalETV6-NTRK3translocation. However, tumor characterization incorporating cytogenetic, array comparative genomic hybridization, and RNA sequencing analyses, revealed a somatic t(2;15)(2p21;15q25) translocation resulting in the novel fusion ofEML4withNTRK3. Cloning and expression ofEML4-NTRK3in murine fibroblast NIH 3T3 cells revealed a potent tumorigenic phenotype as assessed in vitro and in vivo. These results demonstrate that multiple fusion partners targetingNTRK3can contribute to the development of congenital fibrosarcoma.
Person-organization fit: bibliometric study and research agenda
Authors: Santos Leonardo Blanco dos , De Domenico Silvia Marcia Russi 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to propose a research agenda on person-organization fit (P-O fit).Design/methodology/approach– A systematic review of the literature from a bibliometric perspective is performed. All documents indexed in the Scopus database with the term “person-organization fit” in the title were mapped.Findings– An increasing interest in P-O fit since the 1990s is observed. Amy L. Kristof-Brown, affiliated to the University of Iowa, is the most productive author. All empirical studies from our sample used quantitative methodology and non-probabilistic sample, and 85.9 per cent of them were cross-sectional. The similarity conceptualization of P-O fit and the perceived fit perspective have been adopted more often. Job satisfaction, intention to leave and organizational commitment are the most studied outcomes of P-O fit.Research limitations/implications– By offering a general view of the production on P-O fit, the paper may be valuable not only for those who aim to start researching on the field, but also for practitioners who may benefit from an overview of the field to evaluate interventions to increase the fit between employees and organizations. Noticing the absence of publications from Latin America, and taking into account the positive outcomes of P-O fit to individuals and organizations, this paper aims to stimulate researchers from this region to develop research on P-O fit.Originality/value– Original insights for future research are presented: The need for qualitative studies to understand the individual perception of fit; the study of complementary P-O fit from a needs–supplies perspective; and the need to consider the multi-dimensionality of constructs that are taken as content of fit, which may offer a possible answer to Van Vianen’s (2001) claim about the “value of fit”.
Impact of training on entrepreneurial intention: an interactive cognitive perspective
Authors: Boukamcha Fayçal 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to clarify the impact of the entrepreneurial training on a Tunisian trainee’s entrepreneurial cognitions and intention. An interactive cognitive perspective was adopted to test the interaction effect between the entrepreneurial cognitions: the perceived entrepreneurial self-efficacy, the perceived entrepreneurial feasibility and entrepreneurial desirability. A research model was built showing several relationships between entrepreneurial training, cognitions and intention.Design/methodology/approach– A survey was conducted on a convenience sample of 240 participants in four business incubators. The maximum-likelihood test was used as a structural equation modeling method to test the model.Findings– The results show the importance of the entrepreneurial training in the development of entrepreneurial cognitions. Further, the findings, to some extent, validate the interaction between the entrepreneurial cognitive patterns. However, entrepreneurial intention was only predicted through the entrepreneurial desirability. Several implications are discussed at the end of this paper.Practical implications– The findings seem interesting insofar, as they show the importance of entrepreneurial trainings in the entrepreneurial intention development through the enhancement of desirability. This process can be triggered by a training program that contains case studies, success stories and conferences to make the youth enthusiastic about self-employment.Originality/value– The significant impact of the entrepreneurial training on trainees’ cognitions should encourage governments and incubators to promote entrepreneurial training programs to enhance the youths’ willingness to create their own businesses. The findings in this paper seem interesting insofar as they show the importance of entrepreneurial trainings in the entrepreneurial intention development through the enhancement of desirability. This process can be triggered by a training program that contains case studies, success stories and conferences to make the youth enthusiastic about self-employment.
Modifying culture and identity: a deep gaze into tourists’ quotidian culture and identity modification processes
Authors: De Villiers Rouxelle 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to situate tourism within the wider context of temporary and permanent people movements and immigration as a form of permanent tourism with a deep gaze into tourists’ own national culture and even deeper gaze into the trappings of immigrants’ quotidian identity to define a modified identity. This paper offers, through auto-ethnography (AE) and confirmatory introspection (CI), a glimpse into the complex decision-making processes tourists, migrant workers and immigrants have to cope with to survive and thrive in a home “away” from their country of birth. The literature on the comparison between temporary mobility (tourism), nomadic migration (semi-permanent mobility) and permanent mobility (drifters, wanderers or denizen globe trotters) is sparse and unsystematic.Design/methodology/approach– The use of AE and CI allows the researcher with several years of cognitive and affective information and easy access to data on the private, lived experiences of the author and closely related family. Having lived and worked in several countries, supplemented by experiences of visiting over 35 countries for varying periods, the researcher has direct access to a wealth of rich data related to tourism (one- to five-week trips to Europe, USA, South America, the Middle East, Africa, Australia and the Pacific Islands), semi-permanent mobility (one-year exchange work placement in North America) and permanent mobility (more than ten years of being immigrants to New Zealand).Findings– The results show that tourists and immigrants are exposed to numerous decisions (varying in complexity and impact) before, during and after their travels that will impact on their acculturation, the genuineness of their experience and their willingness to modify their own identities, as well as the culture of the destinations they consume. Travelers have to overcome contextual and personal hurdles to achieve integration in a reasonable time. The way in which they tackle and overcome these hurdles will impact upon their modification of personal identity and acculturation.Practical implications– This paper offers practical advice to tourists, immigrants and employers on becoming adaptable consumers, highly resilient survivors and highly reliable organizations – able to thrive in today’s global marketplace. This study helps marketers, tourism professionals and employers of migrants to understand the processes consumers go through to modify identity to effectively and timely fit into new environments.Originality/value– AE- and CI-based research explores the tourist gaze and acculturation processes and discusses a two-directional model of modification of culture and identity. In addition, the paper highlights complex decision-making models tourists, nomads, globe trotters and immigrants use when considering alternative destinations and sought-after experiences.