bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Managers Use Discretionary Accruals to Ease Financial Constraints? Evidence from Discretionary Accruals Prior to Investment
Authors: Linck James S. , Netter Jeffry , Shu Tao 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT:
Despite a large literature on discretionary accruals, how the use of discretionary accruals impacts corporate financial decisions is not well understood. We hypothesize that a financially constrained firm with valuable projects can use discretionary accruals to credibly signal positive prospects, enabling it to raise capital to make the investments. We examine a large panel of firms during 1987 to 2009 and find that financially constrained firms with good investment opportunities have significantly higher discretionary accruals prior to investment compared to their unconstrained counterparts. Constrained high-accrual firms have higher earnings-announcement returns than constrained low-accrual firms, obtain more equity and debt financing, and invest in projects that appear to improve performance. These results provide supporting evidence that the use of discretionary accruals can help constrained firms with valuable projects ease those constraints and increase firm value.
Data Availability: Data are available from public sources indicated in the text.
Effect of enamel laser irradiation at different pulse settings on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets
Authors: Sağır Serkan , Usumez Aslıhan , Ademci Ebru , Usumez Serdar 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To compare the effect of laser irradiation at two different pulse settings and acid etching on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets to enamel.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty-six premolars were allocated to three groups (n  =  12): (1) 37% phosphoric acid etching, (2) erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser etching with medium-short pulse mode (MSP; 100 µs, 120 mj, 10 Hz, 1.2 W), and (3) Er:YAG laser etching with quantum-square pulse mode (QSP; 120 mj, 10 Hz, 1.2 W). Metallic brackets were bonded with Transbond XT. After photopolymerization, the samples were subjected to 5000 thermal cycles and debonded with a universal testing machine, and the SBS values were recorded. Surface morphology was evaluated with profilometric examination, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was evaluated to assess the remaining adhesive.

Results:
The results of SBS testing were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey honestly significant diffference tests. The mean SBS values of QSP and MSP laser groups were 11.80 ± 2.7 MPa and 10.10 ± 4.5 MPa, respectively, and the QSP group demonstrated significantly higher SBS (P &lt; .01) than that of the acid-etched group (6.6 ± 2.4 MPa). No significant difference was observed between the SBS values of the two laser groups (P &lt; .05). The difference between the ARI scores of the laser groups and the acid-etched group was statistically significant (P &lt; .05).

Conclusion:
Laser etching at MSP and QSP modes present successful alternatives to acid etching; however, long-term clinical studies are required to verify clinical success.
Chlorophyll distribution by oceanic model and satellite data in the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea
Authors: Suwannathatsa Sakharin , Wongwises Prungchan 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
An oceanic model and satellite data are used to evaluate the seasonal distribution of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) and Andaman Sea.
Satellite data show high Chl-a concentrations because high Chl-a concentrations reduce CO2 and increase O2 at the sea surface, indicating fish abundance in the ocean. Sample collection alone cannot provide an accurate overview of Chl-a concentration over an entire region.
The satellite data concerning Chl-a concentration, phytoplankton absorption coefficient, and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) are from the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) project and from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The oceanic model is created to give the surface circulation as a result. The research finds that the simulation is in agreement with SST, Chl-a concentration, and phytoplankton absorption coefficients obtained from satellites. The conclusion is that the oceanic model can be used to implicitly explain the seasonal distribution of Chl-a in the Bay of Bengal and Andaman sea.
Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric investigation of the chemical composition of the aquatic plant Wolffia arrhiza (Lemnaceae)
Authors: Kotowska Urszula , Piotrowska Alicja , Isidorova Anastasija , Bajguz Andrzej , Isidorov Valery 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The ether and methanol extracts of Wolffia arrhiza (Lemnaceae) were analyzed using high resolution capillary gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The ether extract contains 32 compounds, mostly lipids and sterols, among which β-sitosterol is most prevalent. This is the first evidence of β-sitosterol detection in W. arrhiza. The most representative group of polar compounds of the methanol fraction is formed by 18 free amino acids. In addition, in the methanol extract there are a number of other nitrogen containing compounds: nucleobase and nucleosides. The third significant group in the total ion current in the methanol extract is formed by glycerol and glycerides. At the same time, the content of free sugar is very low.
Improving maps of ice-sheet surface elevation change using combined laser altimeter and stereoscopic elevation model data
Authors: Levinsen J.F. , Howat I.M. , Tscherning C.C. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe combine the complementary characteristics of laser altimeter data and stereoscopic digital elevation models (DEMs) to construct high-resolution (∼100 m) maps of surface elevations and elevation changes over rapidly changing outlet glaciers in Greenland. Measurements from spaceborne and airborne laser altimeters have relatively low errors but are spatially limited to the ground tracks, while DEMs have larger errors but provide spatially continuous surfaces. The principle of our method is to fit the DEM surface to the altimeter point clouds in time and space to minimize the DEM errors and use that surface to extrapolate elevations away from altimeter flight lines. This reduces the DEM registration errors and fills the gap between the altimeter paths. We use data from ICESat and ATM as well as SPOT 5 DEMs from 2007 and 2008 and apply them to the outlet glaciers Jakobshavn Isbræ (JI) and Kangerdlugssuaq (KL). We find that the main trunks of JI and KL lowered at rates of 30–35 and 7–20 m a−1,respectively. The rates decreased inland. The corresponding errors were 0.3–5.2 m a−1for JI and 0.3–5.1 m a−1for KL, with errors increasing proportionally with distance from the altimeter paths.
Assessing a multilayered dynamic firn-compaction model for Greenland with ASIRAS radar measurements
Authors: Simonsen Sebastian B. , Stenseng Lars , Ađalgeirsdóttir Guðfinna , Fausto Robert S. , Hvidberg Christine S. , Lucas-Picher Philippe 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA method to assess firn compaction using data collected with the Airborne SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar)/Interferometric Radar Altimeter System (ASIRAS) is developed. For this, we develop a dynamical firn-compaction model that includes meltwater retention. Based on the ASIRAS data, which show internal layers as annual horizons in the uppermost firn, the method relies on inferring the age/ depth (internal layers) information from the radar data using a Monte Carlo inversion technique to tune in parallel both the firn model and the atmospheric forcing parameters (temperature and accumulation). The model is validated against two firn cores, and it is shown that applying both firn densities and age/ depth information for the inversion gives the most accurate understanding of model biases. The method is then applied to a 67 km section of the EGIG line forced by atmospheric output from a regional climate model using only age/depth information in the inversion step. The layers traced by the ASIRAS data are modeled with a root-mean-square error of 9 cm, which is within the estimated error of the layer tracing. This gives us confidence in applying observed annual layering from firn radar data to assess firn compaction; however, the study also indicates that our firn-model-tuning parameters are site-dependent and cannot be parameterized by temperature and accumulation alone.
Comment Peut-on être systématicien ?
Authors: Dumoulin David , Ollivier Guillaume 
Published: June 2013

La systématique est une discipline ancienne – et elle a connu une profonde rénovation interne puis une certaine reconnaissance publique depuis 30 ans. Pourtant, peu de scientifiques se reconnaissent « systématiciens ». Comment analyser la définition des frontières disciplinaires ? Cet article se centre sur la mobilisation des scientifiques voulant faire exister cette discipline en tant qu’identité et principe d’organisation du travail scientifique. La première partie revient sur la trajectoire historique de la communauté des systématiciens et sur la constitution d’une communauté épistémique dans le contexte international de la mobilisation des dernières décennies autour de la biodiversité. La deuxième se focalise sur le travail de mobilisation de la Société Française de Systématique (SFS) à partir de 1984, qui permet littéralement à la discipline d’exister en France. La troisième livre un bilan contrasté de cette mobilisation française et souligne l’existence d’un cycle de mobilisation dans lequel les arènes internationales ont pris le relais.
Les systématiciens à l’épreuve du barcoding
Authors: Arpin Isabelle , Faugère Elsa 
Published: June 2013

Dans un contexte qualifié de 6e crise d’extinction des espèces, les inventaires de la biodiversité ont acquis une valeur et une urgence inédites. Les scientifiques – qu’on appelle taxonomistes ou systématiciens – dont le métier consiste à explorer, inventorier et collecter les espèces vivantes se sont saisis de nouveaux outils pour accélérer et améliorer leur entreprise d’inventaire de la biodiversité. Depuis la parution en 2003 d’un article fondateur de Hebert et al., l’un d’eux occupe une place tout à fait centrale : le barcoding. Inventé et promu par une partie des systématiciens (les molécularistes), sa réussite exige la collaboration active des systématiciens qui fondent leur travail sur l’observation des caractères morphologiques (les morphologistes). En nous appuyant sur des enquêtes menées dans des terrains contrastés, nous analysons comment les molécularistes s’efforcent d’enrôler les morphologistes dans le barcoding. Nous montrons que les molécularistes ont une stratégie d’enrôlement plurielle, qui repose sur un ensemble de compétences pédagogiques, rhétoriques et sociales et leur permet de tenir compte de la grande diversité et singularité des morphologistes et des conditions d’exercice de leur pratique. Nous mettons également en évidence des facteurs qui favorisent cette stratégie d’enrôlement, comme la participation physique des molécularistes aux campagnes de collection et le soutien de morphologistes convertis au barcoding. Cet article entend ainsi contribuer à la connaissance et à l’analyse des pratiques d’enrôlement scientifique, restées relativement peu explorées.
Pense-bêtes, astuces et recettes de jardiniers-observateurs de papillons
Authors: Charvolin Florian 
Published: June 2013

L’observatoire des papillons de jardin (OPJ) a débuté ses activités en 2006. Il résulte d’une collaboration entre un laboratoire du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle français et Noé Conservation, une Organisation non gouvernementale qui se consacre à la sensibilisation à la protection de la nature. L’OPJ est un exemple caractéristique de science citoyenne, dans lequel la connaissance produite engage la participation active du profane. L’article détaille le parti pris managérial d’ouvrir à tous sans distinction de compétence la possibilité de participer, par une démarche pragmatique qui du coup complexifie, en aval, le traitement des données et le calcul statistique des populations de papillons et leurs évolutions. Toutefois, cette pragmatique qui cherche à décomposer l’apprentissage en modules simplifiés est comparée avec les ethno-méthodes effectives de plusieurs amateurs engagés auprès de l’OPJ, par lesquelles les profanes s’orientent dans des façons de faire d’emblée compliquées pour se plier au format demandé in fine. Cela conduit à montrer la symétrie avec laquelle le protocole fonctionne dans le monde scientifique d’une part, et dans le monde des amateurs d’autre part, circulant harmonieusement entre ces mondes par une flexibilité interprétative et matérielle, qui peut être un autre nom donné à la « convivialité de l’outil ». Je conclus sur le caractère créatif de l’utilisation de cette exo-somatisation de l’observation, et des gains d’acuité obtenus permettant de mieux distinguer le monde qui nous entoure et ainsi d’étendre et nourrir son histoire biographique de remémorations plus précises assurant des souvenirs plus fouillés et la constitution d’une mémoire pour le futur.
Does spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) rearing diet influence larval parasitism?
Authors: Seehausen M. Lukas , Régnière Jacques , Bauce Éric 
Published: June 2013

AbstractArtificial diet is commonly used to rear the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in the laboratory. While its effect on spruce budworm performance is relatively well studied, no information exists about the influence of rearing diet on larval parasitism. In this study, spruce budworm larvae reared in the laboratory on artificial diet or balsam fir, Abies balsamea (Linnaeus) Miller (Pinaceae), foliage were introduced in the field to compare parasitism. Additionally, a laboratory choice test was conducted with the larval parasitoid Tranosema rostrale (Brischke) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). No significant influence of spruce budworm rearing diet on parasitism in the field was found. However, in the laboratory, T. rostrale attacked significantly more foliage-fed larvae. We conclude that even if initial differences in parasitism may exist between diet-fed and foliage-fed larvae in the laboratory, spruce budworm larvae reared on artificial diet can be used in field studies investigating parasitism of wild spruce budworm populations without concern that the food source would affect parasitism.
Combined Inhibition of Complement (C5) and CD14 Markedly Attenuates Inflammation, Thrombogenicity, and Hemodynamic Changes in Porcine Sepsis
Authors: Barratt-Due Andreas , Thorgersen Ebbe B. , Egge Kjetil , Pischke Søren , Sokolov Andrey , Hellerud Bernt C. , Lindstad Julie K. , Pharo Anne , Bongoni Anjan K. , Rieben Robert , Nunn Miles , Scott Helge , Mollnes Tom E. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Complement and the TLR family constitute two important branches of innate immunity. We previously showed attenuating effects on inflammation and thromogenicity by inhibiting the TLR coreceptor CD14 in porcine sepsis. In the present study, we explored the effect of the C5 and leukotriene B4 inhibitor Ornithodoros moubata complement inhibitor (OmCI; also known as coversin) alone and combined with anti-CD14 on the early inflammatory, hemostatic, and hemodynamic responses in porcine Escherichia coli–induced sepsis. Pigs were randomly allocated to negative controls (n = 6), positive controls (n = 8), intervention with OmCI (n = 8), or with OmCI and anti-CD14 (n = 8). OmCI ablated C5 activation and formation of the terminal complement complex and significantly decreased leukotriene B4 levels in septic pigs. Granulocyte tissue factor expression, formation of thrombin–antithrombin complexes (p &lt; 0.001), and formation of TNF-α and IL-6 (p &lt; 0.05) were efficiently inhibited by OmCI alone and abolished or strongly attenuated by the combination of OmCI and anti-CD14 (p &lt; 0.001 for all). Additionally, the combined therapy attenuated the formation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (p &lt; 0.05), IL-1β, and IL-8, increased the formation of IL-10, and abolished the expression of wCD11R3 (CD11b) and the fall in neutrophil cell count (p &lt; 0.001 for all). Finally, OmCI combined with anti-CD14 delayed increases in heart rate by 60 min (p &lt; 0.05) and mean pulmonary artery pressure by 30 min (p &lt; 0.01). Ex vivo studies confirmed the additional effect of combining anti-CD14 with OmCI. In conclusion, upstream inhibition of the key innate immunity molecules, C5 and CD14, is a potential broad-acting treatment regimen in sepsis as it efficiently attenuated inflammation and thrombogenicity and delayed hemodynamic changes.
Phl p 1–Specific Human Monoclonal IgE and Design of a Hypoallergenic Group 1 Grass Pollen Allergen Fragment
Authors: Levin Mattias , Rydnert Frida , Källström Eva , Tan Lor Wai , Wormald Peter J. , Lindstedt Malin , Greiff Lennart , Ohlin Mats 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Detailed understanding of how Abs of the IgE isotype interact with allergen at the onset of an allergic reaction is of great importance for deciphering mechanisms involved in the development of disease and may aid in the design of hypoallergenic variants. In this study, we have used a set of human monoclonal IgE Abs derived from the repertoires of allergic individuals, specific for the major timothy grass pollen allergen Phl p 1, to gain detailed information on the interaction between Abs and allergen. These allergen-specific IgE are to varying degrees cross-reactive toward both different allergen isoforms and various group 1 allergens originating from other grass species. The usage of human monoclonal IgE, as an alternative to polyclonal preparations or mouse Abs, allowed us to locate several important IgE-binding epitopes on the C-terminal domain of Phl p 1, all clustered to an IgE-binding “hot spot.” By introducing three mutations in the IgE-binding area of the C-terminal domain we were able to significantly reduce its reactivity with serum IgE. In conclusion, our study shows the great potential of using human monoclonal IgE as a tool for studies of the molecular interactions taking place during allergic responses. Furthermore, we present a novel IgE-hyporeactive fragment with the potential to be used as a safer hypoallergenic alternative in specific immunotherapy than the pollen extracts used today.
Cutaneous metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Baijal Rajiv , Hassan Praveenkumar , Jain Mayank , Gupta Deepak , Shah Nimish 
Published: June 2013

AbstractCutaneous metastasis from internal malignancies are common in breast cancer, pulmonary malignancies and melanomas. The primary site of metastases has been reported to the chest and abdomen. We are hereby reporting rare case of cutaneous metastasis in esophageal cancer.
Ovarian stromal tumor with minor sex cord elements with coexistent endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Kumar Sunesh , Mathur Sandeep , Subbaiah Murali , Singh Lavleen 
Published: June 2013

AbstractOvarian stromal tumor with minor sex cord elements is a rare tumor. It is composed of predominantly fibrothecomatous tumor with scattered minor sex cord elements in less than 10% of the tumor area. These tumors may be hormonally active and predispose to carcinoma endometrium. A case of ovarian fibroma-thecoma with minor sex cord elements in which coexistent endometrial carcinoma was also discovered is being reported. Though thecoma may be a predisposing factor for endometrial cancer, meticulous histopathological examination of the ovary may reveal additional sources of estrogen like granulosa cell aggregates as in our patient. Such patients would require long-term follow-up to detect any recurrence of granulosa cell tumor.
Lithium Bis(Trifluoromethanesulfonyl)Imide (LiTFSI): A Prominent Lithium Salt in Lithium‐Ion Battery Electrolytes – Fundamentals, Progress, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Li Zhen , Wang Li , Huang Xiaodong , He Xiangming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) is a widely used lithium (Li) salt that is extensively studied in the field of electrolytes for Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) to improve their performance. A thorough understanding of its underlying mechanisms in LIBs is crucial for gaining deeper insights into its future development. This paper provides an extensive review of the role of LiTFSI in enhancing battery performance, including its benefits for negative electrode protection, the facilitation of fast charging capabilities, and the promotion of battery operation across a wide temperature range. It also highlights the specific drawbacks of LiTFSI in the electrolyte domain and examines potential solutions. By leveraging the unique properties of LiTFSI, the strategies for its effective utilization in current research are outlined. Finally, the paper discusses the lack of research into the mechanism of LiTFSI in interface protection, particularly the evolution mechanisms of multi‐component Li salts at the positive and negative electrode interfaces, and it reasonably anticipates the potential applications of LiTFSI in the realm of non‐liquid batteries. This study not only provides a more comprehensive and profound understanding of LiTFSI but also aids in the exploration of novel electrolyte systems.
Translational Aspects of 3D and 4D Printing and Bioprinting
Authors: Taylor Scott , Mueller Eva , Jones Lamont R. , Makela Ashley V. , Ashammakhi Nureddin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) printed medical devices include orthopedic and craniofacial implants, surgical tools, and external prosthetics that have been directly used in patients. While the advances of additive manufacturing techniques in the production of medical devices have been on the rise, clinical translation of living cellular constructs face significant limitations in terms of regulatory affairs, process technology, and materials development. In this perspective, the current status‐quo of 3D and four‐dimensional (4D) (bio)printing is summarized, current advancements are discussed and the challenges that need to be addressed for improved industrial translation and clinical applications of bioprinting are highlighted. It is focused on a multidisciplinary approach in discussing the key translational considerations, from the perspective of industry, regulatory bodies, funding strategies, and future directions.
A 3D Pancreatic Cancer Model with Integrated Optical Sensors for Noninvasive Metabolism Monitoring and Drug Screening
Authors: Siciliano Anna Chiara , Forciniti Stefania , Onesto Valentina , Iuele Helena , Cave Donatella Delle , Carnevali Federica , Gigli Giuseppe , Lonardo Enza , del Mercato Loretta L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA distinct feature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a prominent tumor microenvironment (TME) with remarkable cellular and spatial heterogeneity that meaningfully impacts disease biology and treatment resistance. The dynamic crosstalk between cancer cells and the dense stromal compartment leads to spatially and temporally heterogeneous metabolic alterations, such as acidic pH that contributes to drug resistance in PDAC. Thus, monitoring the extracellular pH metabolic fluctuations within the TME is crucial to predict and to quantify anticancer drug efficacy. Here, a simple and reliable alginate‐based 3D PDAC model embedding ratiometric optical pH sensors and cocultures of tumor (AsPC‐1) and stromal cells for simultaneously monitoring metabolic pH variations and quantify drug response is presented. By means of time‐lapse confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) coupled with a fully automated computational analysis, the extracellular pH metabolic variations are monitored and quantified over time during drug testing with gemcitabine, folfirinox, and paclitaxel, commonly used in PDAC therapy. In particular, the extracellular acidification is more pronounced after drugs treatment, resulting in increased antitumor effect correlated with apoptotic cell death. These findings highlight the importance of studying the influence of cellular metabolic mechanisms on tumor response to therapy in 3D tumor models, this being crucial for the development of personalized medicine approaches.