bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unlocking the Potential of Deep Eutectic Solvents and Ligand‐to‐Metal Charge Transfer Processes: A Reusable Iron‐and‐UV‐Based System for Sustainable C−C Bond Formation
Authors: González‐Gallardo Nerea , Cores Alejandro , Marset Xavier , Guijarro Néstor , Guillena Gabriela , Ramón Diego J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCatalytic C−H functionalization has provided new opportunities to access novel organic molecules more sustainably and efficiently. However, these procedures typically rely on precious metals or complex organic catalysts as well as on hazardous solvents or reaction conditions. Herein, a pioneering methodology for direct C−C bond formation enabled by Ligand‐to‐Metal Charge Transfer (LMCT) and mediated by UV irradiation has been developed using Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) as sustainable reaction media. This direct C−H bond functionalization via a radical addition to electrophiles was successfully confirmed over a broad scope of substrates. More importantly, this is the first example of photocatalytic C−C bond formation in DESs. An inexpensive and abundant iron catalyst (FeCl3) was used under air and mild conditions. Different functional groups were well tolerated obtaining promising results that were comparable to those reported in the literature. Additionally, the reaction medium along with the catalyst could be reused for up to 5 consecutive cycles without a significant loss in the reaction outcome. Several green metrics were calculated and compared to those of conventional procedures, revealing the advantages of using DESs.
The Contribution of Shame to Eating Disorder Treatment Outcomes in a Community Mental Health Clinic
Authors: Kenny Samantha , Erceg‐Hurn David , Tonta Kate E. , Raykos Bronwyn C. , Campbell Bruce , McEvoy Peter 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveShame is a powerful self‐conscious emotion that is often experienced by individuals with eating disorders (EDs). While the association between EDs and shame is well‐established, there is limited research investigating the contribution of pre‐treatment shame to clinical outcomes.MethodParticipants (N = 273) received outpatient cognitive‐behavioral therapy for eating disorders (CBT‐ED). We investigated pre‐treatment shame as a predictor of dropout and as a moderator of change in ED psychopathology and clinical impairment from pre‐treatment to post‐treatment. We also explored the potentially moderating roles of body mass index, ED diagnostic category, and co‐occurring anxiety and depression diagnoses.ResultsShame improved substantially (d = 1.28) despite not being explicitly targeted in treatment. Pre‐treatment shame did not predict treatment dropout. Individuals high in shame started and ended treatment with higher ED symptoms and impairment than those with low shame. The contribution of pre‐treatment shame on the degree of change in symptoms/impairment depended critically on whether analyses controlled for pre‐treatment symptoms/impairment. When those were controlled, high pre‐treatment shame was associated with substantially less improvement in ED symptoms and impairment. There was some evidence that ED diagnosis and co‐occurring depressive diagnoses may moderate the relationship between shame and treatment outcome. Changes in shame were positively associated with changes in ED symptoms and clinical impairment.DiscussionA high level of shame at pre‐treatment is not a contraindication for CBT‐ED as good therapeutic outcomes can be achieved. However, outcomes may be enhanced among individuals high in shame by offering adjunctive interventions that explicitly target shame.
Nocebo belief and attitudes towards side effect disclosure: A general population‐based online survey in Europe and North America
Authors: Sieg Mette , Clemens Kelly S. , Colloca Luana , Geers Andrew L. , Vase Lene 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundWith evidence for large nocebo effects in pain, guidelines for nocebo‐minimizing strategies regarding side effect disclosure are emerging. While the ethical implications and effectiveness of such strategies have been the subject of investigations, the perspective of healthcare users are missing despite the stakes for patient autonomy.MethodsIn an online survey, 2766 adults (≥18 years) from a general population sample in Europe and North America responded to questions related to nocebo familiarity, nocebo beliefs and attitudes towards side effect disclosure.ResultsOnly 474 (17%) were familiar with nocebo terminology, while 1379 (50%) were familiar with the concept of nocebo side effects. Belief in nocebo side effects was not well‐established; 738 (31%) agreed that side effect information could increase side effect occurrence. Nocebo belief was associated with more negative attitudes towards side effect disclosure and 1962 (73%) indicated that positive framing was an acceptable way of disclosing side effect information. In general, the majority of participants (65–76%) held positive attitudes towards the disclosure of all potential side effects and 2309 (84%) favoured patient autonomy over nonmaleficence. Although the general patterns were similar in the European and North American sample, the latter showed stronger nocebo belief and stronger positive attitudes towards side effect disclosure.ConclusionsThe study found a consistent, moderate association between nocebo belief and attitudes towards nondisclosure, alongside positive attitudes towards the use of framing. Together with the discovered discrepancy between nocebo familiarity and nocebo belief, these findings have implications for the implementation of nocebo education and risk framing strategies.Significance StatementThis is the first large‐scale, general population‐based study to contribute to the scientific discussion about nocebo side effects from the perspective of healthcare users. The findings have implications for the discussion on how to handle the medical and ethical problem of nocebo side effects in clinical practice.
Multi‐omics reveal the molecular basis of LrAN2 overexpression in black goji callus promoting the excessive accumulation of petanin, a promising food blue colorant
Authors: Ai Peiyan , Wei Guo , A Biao , Yang Chao , Wang Ying , Zeng Shaohua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLycium ruthenicum fruit (LRF) is a potential source of natural colorant in a wide pH range due to richness in monoacylated anthocyanin petanin. However, the yield of LRF largely lags behind the market demand in food industry. In this study, overexpressing LrAN2 (LrAN2OE), an anthocyanin activator in LRF, produced excessive acylated anthocyanins including petanin in L. ruthenicum callus (LRC). Physiological analysis indicates that LrAN2OE extensively orchestrate the redox homeostasis, including antioxidant enzymes system and antioxidants with low molecular weight. KEGG enrichment analysis indicates that LrAN2 hierarchically orchestrate the acylated anthocyanin biosynthesis in LRC at multi‐omics level, such as small RNAome, transcriptome, and metabolome. The anthocyanin yield of LrAN2OE callus cultured by 5% sucrose or glucose is significantly enhanced. Furthermore, the anthocyanin yield approach to 96.23 mg/g dry weight, approximately 3.5 folds of that in LRF, when LrAN2OE suspension cells are cultured in liquid MS medium supplement with 5% sucrose and 100 mM NaCl. Notably, anthocyanins extracted from LrAN2OE callus are stable in pH 1.0–2.0, pH 7.0, and pH 9.0, showing red or blue color within 30 days at 4°C. Our findings suggest that LrAN2 is perfect gene resource for metabolic engineering of acylated anthocyanins in LRC, a promising chassis producing acylated anthocyanins. Taken together, LRC metabolically engineered by LrAN2 is a potential source of natural food color, which facilitates to make up the shortfall of LRF as source of natural colorant in future food industry.
Cross‐Asset Tandem Trading and Extraordinary Volatility
Authors: Garrison Robert , Jain Pankaj K. , Paddrik Mark 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTCross‐asset order flow provides an incremental and novel nonlinear price discovery channel. Structural vector autoregressions of synchronized intraday message data reveal distinct patterns in the comovement of order flow and its influence on returns and volatility. While cross‐market order flow usually reconciles prices through small‐stakes arbitrage in periods of low volatility and comovement during medium volatility associated with information arrival, it can exacerbate price dislocation from fundamental values during extraordinary volatility. While applying market‐wide circuit breakers (MWCB) mitigates the extreme negative spillovers by jointly halting markets, we identify room for further harmonization during the MWCB market reopening process.
Spotlight on the treatment of non‐small cell lung cancer with rare genetic alterations and brain metastasis: Current status and future perspectives
Authors: Zhang Qian , Chen Kaiyan , Yu Xiaoqing , Fan Yun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), oncogenic variants present in <5% of cases are considered rare, the predominant of which include human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) mutations, mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET) alterations, c‐ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) rearrangements, rearrangement during transfection (RET) fusions, v‐raf mouse sarcoma virus oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) mutations, and neurotrophic troponin receptor kinase (NTRK) fusions. Brain metastases (BMs) occur in approximately 10%–50% of patients with NSCLC harboring rare genetic variants. The recent advent of small‐molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors and macromolecular antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) has conferred marked survival benefits to patients with NSCLC harboring rare driver alterations. Despite effective brain lesion control for most targeted agents and promising reports of intracranial remission associated with novel ADCs, BM continues to be a major therapeutic challenge. This review discusses the recent advances in the treatment of NSCLC with rare genetic variants and BM, with a particular focus on intracranial efficacy, and explores future perspectives on how best to treat these patients.
A national survey on the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on gynecologic surgical training
Authors: Galvin Daniel , O'Reilly Barry , Greene Richard , O'Donoghue Keelin , O'Sullivan Orfhlaith E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on gynecology surgical training.MethodsA national cross‐sectional online survey was distributed to all trainees and trainers in the higher specialist training program for obstetrics and gynecology in Ireland. The survey consisted of questions on topics which included: the volume of surgical procedures performed before and since the pandemic, confidence in performing various gynecologic procedures before and since the pandemic and questions regarding the impact of the pandemic on wellbeing and work practices.ResultsTrainers and trainees experienced a significant reduction in operative volumes for most procedure types. Analysis showed a significant reduction in the number of minor procedures performed by trainees (z = −2.7, P = 0.007) and a significant reduction in the number of all procedure types performed by trainers (minor procedures z = −3.78, P = <0.001; intermediate procedures z = −4.48, P = < 0.001; major procedures z = −3.69, P = < 0.001). Respondents reported they had less time for research and audit, were less able to attend courses or conferences and worried about the impact of their work on their families.ConclusionsIn conclusion, this study has highlighted the current difficulties facing surgical trainees in gynecology because of the COVID‐19 pandemic. These challenges have compounded an already challenging training environment for gynecology trainees. Efforts must be made to continue to provide high‐quality tailored training to ensure the development of the next generation of gynecologic surgeons.
Computational predictions of cocrystal formation: A benchmark study of 28 assemblies comparing five methods from high‐throughput to advanced models
Authors: Fox Robert , Klug Joaquin , Thompson Damien , Reilly Anthony 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCocrystals are assemblies of more than one type of molecule stabilized through noncovalent interactions. They are promising materials for improved drug formulation in which the stability, solubility, or biocompatibility of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is improved by including a coformer. In this work, a range of density functional theory (DFT) and density functional tight binding (DFTB) models are systematically compared for their ability to predict the lattice enthalpy of a broad range of existing pharmaceutically relevant cocrystals. These range from cocrystals containing model compounds 4,4′‐bipyridine and oxalic acid to those with the well benchmarked APIs of aspirin and paracetamol, all tested with a large set of alternative coformers. For simple cocrystals, there is a general consensus in lattice enthalpy calculated by the different DFT models. For the cocrystals with API coformers the cocrystals, enthalpy predictions depend strongly on the DFT model. The significantly lighter DFTB models predict unrealistic values of lattice enthalpy even for simple cocrystals.
Workload as a predictor of radiographer preliminary image evaluation accuracy
Authors: Brown Cameron , Burck Anna , Neep Michael J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionDespite a demonstrated high accuracy and reported successful implementations, radiographer preliminary image evaluation (PIE) has been slow and infrequent in its rollout across Australia. A key barrier reported to hamper radiographer PIE service implementation is lack of adequate time to review radiographs and provide an accurate interpretation. This study sought to conduct a correlational analysis between radiographer imaging workload and PIE service accuracy.MethodsA total of 45,373 exams and 1152 PIE comments evenly distributed each month from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022, were reviewed. PIE comments were assessed for consistency with the radiologist's report. The imaging workload (average exams completed per hour) was separated into three, eight‐hour ‘shifts’ based on time of imaging. Correlational analysis was performed using linear regression models and assessed for normality using the Shapiro‐Wilks test.ResultsThe study reported no significant linear association between increasing average workload and reduced service accuracy (P = 0.136). It was however noted that when the average workload increased beyond 7 exams/hour, average service accuracy for PIE was always below 85%.ConclusionThis study has demonstrated that, although perceived, there is no statistically significant correlation between x‐ray imaging workload and radiographer PIE service accuracy. Consideration of this correlation to be a significant barrier to participation in such a service was not reported at this site.
Performance of CMIP5 and CMIP6 models in reproducing the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation and its global impacts
Authors: Qin Zongjin , Wang Tao , Chen Huopo , Gao Ya 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study assessed the capability of the historical simulations of phase 5 and 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5/6) in reproducing the temporal and spatial characteristics of the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO) and its impact on global surface air temperature (SAT), surface equivalent potential temperature (Thetae_sfc) and precipitation. The IPO index time series simulated by CMIP5/6 models deviated from observations and struggled to capture the phase evolution characteristics of the IPO. Nevertheless, CMIP5/6 models successfully captured the horseshoe‐shaped sea surface temperature anomaly in the Pacific. Additionally, the CMIP5/6 models were able to simulate the IPO's 10–30‐year period. Notably, the simulated IPO index exhibited a statistically significant upward trend, which was absent in observations. Additionally, the IPO‐related global land SAT, Thetae_sfc and precipitation simulated by CMIP5/6 models performed differently in boreal winter and boreal summer. Furthermore, the IPO‐related global land SAT performed better in CMIP5/6 models during boreal winter than that in boreal summer. In CMIP6 models, it improved during both boreal winter and summer compared to CMIP5 models. In terms of the IPO‐related global land Thetae_sfc, CMIP5/6 models also performed better during boreal winter than in boreal summer. However, CMIP5 models outperformed CMIP6 models during the boreal summer. In terms of the IPO‐related global land precipitation, CMIP5/6 models performed better during boreal summer compared to boreal winter. Moreover, the IPO‐related global land precipitation in CMIP6 models improved significantly in boreal winter, but almost the same in boreal summer, compared to CMIP5 models. Further studies showed that the enhancements in simulating IPO's spatial pattern did not correspond to improvements in the model's ability to simulate IPO's global teleconnections.
Multi‐analytical characterisation of Art Déco dinanderie: Single‐point and map analysis of Jean Dunand's metal artworks
Authors: Passaretti Arianna , Cuvillier Luana , Künzi Claude‐Alain , Brambilla Laura , Joseph Edith 
Published: July 2024

AbstractJean Dunand (1877–1942) was a European artist internationally appreciated at his time for his innovative Art Déco housewares made of hammer‐beaten copper‐based alloys, known as dinanderie. Still uncertain was the nature of the constituting materials; therefore, for the first time, three objects, namely, a bowl, a trinket bowl and a vase, were the target of a multi‐modal work of characterisation. Mobile or benchtop X‐ray fluorescence, Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies were used to adapt the analyses to the shape and size of the artefacts. Elemental analysis verified that the vase consisted of brass Cu70Zn30, whereas the bowl and the trinket bowl were made of nickel silver Cu70Zn19Ni11. The black finishing present on all the artefacts was related to tenorite by Raman spectroscopy, ascribing the patina to an intentional artist's willing and not to spontaneous tarnishing processes. Metal soaps of copper and zinc were documented as degradation products by FTIR spectroscopy. The drawings adorning the vase and the trinket bowl were identified as silver‐based, contrary to what was hypothesised by conservators (i.e., tin‐based) due to conventional Dunand's inlaying technique. Besides single‐point analysis, Raman mapping was performed in‐situ, applying for the first time a Virsa™ Raman Analyser (Renishaw) in the field of cultural heritage. The fibre‐optic‐coupled instrument allowed to comply constantly with the artefacts' geometry thanks to the modular probe and the motorised focus‐tracking stand. The synergic combination of elemental and vibrational analyses resulted successful, providing new and unique information on artist's technique in view of possible restoration interventions.
Chemical transesterification of coconut and corn oils using different metal hydroxides as catalysts to determine the chemical and physiochemical changes to the oils
Authors: Ginsburg Shoshana Rivka , Katz Talia , Jiménez‐Flores Rafael 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe transesterification of butteroil has been shown to alter its lipid chemistry and thus alter the crystallization of the fat. The reaction kinetics and resulting crystallization of the butteroil differ depending on the nature of the catalyst used. Modeling the reaction with vegetable oils is a simpler method for the analysis of resulting products to understand the chemical and physiochemical changes that occur based on catalyst selection. The objective of this work is to perform a chemical transesterification of coconut and corn oil using monovalent and divalent catalysts to investigate the chemical and crystal changes that occur.RESULTSCoconut and corn oil were subjected to chemical transesterification using both Ca(OH)2 and KOH as catalysts. In both the coconut and corn oil samples, transesterification caused monoglycerides (MAGs) and diacylglycerides (DAGs) to form from the most abundant fatty acid found in each sample. Coconut oil's melting temperature, solid fat content (SFC), and storage modulus decreased as a result of the transesterification, and crystals began to form in the corn oil causing melting thermograms to be evident, higher SFC, and a more viscous oil as a result. Using Ca(OH)2 as a catalyst resulted in more MAG formation, and a higher SFC and melting temperature than when KOH was used as a catalyst.CONCLUSIONThe results demonstrate that the chemical changes that result from transesterification of plant‐based oils change the crystallization behavior of the oils and can therefore be used for different applications in the food industry. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Relationship Between Cochlear Lateral Wall Changes and Endolymphatic Hydrops in Otitis Media
Authors: Keskin Yilmaz Nevra , Shimura Tomotaka , Koerig Schuster Artur , Cureoglu Sebahattin , Monsanto Rafael da costa 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesDespite otitis media and various disease processes being associated with endolymphatic hydrops (EH), an exact explanation of the pathophysiology has yet to be reported. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the cochlear lateral wall structures and their potential correlation with the presence and severity of cochlear EH in acute and chronic otitis media cases. The investigations were conducted in both chinchilla animal model and human temporal bone specimens.MethodsWe studied a total of 15 chinchilla and 25 human temporal bones from our collection, which were categorized into acute otitis media, chronic otitis media (COM), and control groups. Through quantitative analysis, we measured the area of cochlear lateral wall structures and observed the presence and the degree of EH using light microscopy.ResultsNo significant changes were determined in the area of the spiral ligament (p > 0.05) across the species. However, a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the mean area of the stria vascularis in the basal turn was identified in COM groups compared to controls of both species. Chinchilla model additionally exhibited pathology extending to the lower mid turn. A negative correlation was found between the mean strial area and the severity of EH in both the animal model and human samples.ConclusionsCOM associated with significant changes in the stria vascularis that may lead to significant increase in the degree of EH. The presented animal model exhibited parallel findings with human samples, suggesting its viability as a valuable model for future studies.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:5103–5108, 2024