bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical-Legal Strategies to Improve Infant Health Care: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Sege Robert , Preer Genevieve , Morton Samantha J. , Cabral Howard , Morakinyo Oluwatomisin , Lee Vonne , Abreu Catarina , De Vos Edward , Kaplan-Sanoff Margot 
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUND:Changes in health care delivery create opportunities to improve systems to better meet the needs of low-income families while achieving quality benchmarks.METHODS:Families of healthy newborns receiving primary care at a single large urban safety-net hospital participated. Intervention families were randomly assigned a family specialist who provided support until the 6-month routine health care visit. The Developmental Understanding and Legal Collaboration for Everyone (DULCE) intervention is based on the Strengthening Families approach and incorporated components of the Healthy Steps and Medical-Legal Partnership models. Medical record reviews determined use of preventive and emergency care. Surveys conducted at baseline, postintervention (6 months), and follow-up (12 months) were used to determine hardship and attainment of concrete supports.RESULTS:Three hundred thirty families participated in the study. At baseline, 73% of families reported economic hardships. Intervention parents had an average of 14 contacts with the family specialist, and 5 hours of total contact time. Intervention infants were more likely to have completed their 6-month immunization schedule by age 7 months (77% vs 63%, P &lt; .005) and by 8 months (88% vs 77%, P &lt; .01). Intervention infants were more likely to have 5 or more routine preventive care visits by age 1 year (78% vs 67%, P &lt; .01) and were less likely to have visited the emergency department by age 6 months (37% vs 49.7%, P &lt; .03). The DULCE intervention accelerated access to concrete resources (P = .029).CONCLUSIONS:Assignment to the Project DULCE intervention led to improvements in preventive health care delivery and utilization and accelerated access to concrete supports among low-income families.
Physician Communication Training and Parental Vaccine Hesitancy: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Henrikson Nora B. , Opel Douglas J. , Grothaus Lou , Nelson Jennifer , Scrol Aaron , Dunn John , Faubion Todd , Roberts Michele , Marcuse Edgar K. , Grossman David C. 
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Physicians have a major influence on parental vaccine decisions. We tested a physician-targeted communication intervention designed to (1) reduce vaccine hesitancy in mothers of infants seen by trained physicians and (2) increase physician confidence in communicating about vaccines.

METHODS:
We conducted a community-based, clinic-level, 2-arm cluster randomized trial in Washington State. Intervention clinics received physician-targeted communications training. We enrolled mothers of healthy newborns from these clinics at the hospital of birth. Mothers and physicians were surveyed at baseline and 6 months. The primary outcome was maternal vaccine hesitancy measured by Parental Attitudes on Childhood Vaccines score; secondary outcome was physician self-efficacy in communicating with parents by using 3 vaccine communication domains.

RESULTS:
We enrolled 56 clinics and 347 mothers. We conducted intervention trainings at 30 clinics, reaching 67% of eligible physicians; 26 clinics were randomized to the control group. Maternal vaccine hesitancy at baseline and follow-up changed from 9.8% to 7.5% in the intervention group and 12.6% to 8.0% in the control group. At baseline, groups were similar on all variables except maternal race and ethnicity. The intervention had no detectable effect on maternal vaccine hesitancy (adjusted odds ratio 1.22, 95% confidence interval 0.47–2.68). At follow-up, physician self-efficacy in communicating with parents was not significantly different between intervention and control groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
This physician-targeted communication intervention did not reduce maternal vaccine hesitancy or improve physician self-efficacy. Research is needed to identify physician communication strategies effective at reducing parental vaccine hesitancy in the primary care setting.
Geriatric Assessment of Older Adults With Cancer During Unplanned Hospitalizations: An Opportunity in Disguise
Authors: Mariano Caroline , Williams Grant , Deal Allison , Alston Shani , Bryant Ashley Leak , Jolly Trevor , Muss Hyman B. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background.
Geriatric assessment (GA) is an important tool for management of older cancer patients; however, GA research has been performed primarily in the outpatient setting. The primary objective of this study was to determine feasibility of GA during an unplanned hospital stay. Secondary objectives were to describe deficits found with GA, to assess whether clinicians recognized and addressed deficits, and to determine 30-day readmission rates.

Materials and Methods.
The study was designed as an extension of an existing registry, “Carolina Senior: Registry for Older Patients.” Inclusion criteria were age 70 and older and biopsy-proven solid tumor, myeloma, or lymphoma. Patients had to complete the GA within 7 days of nonelective admission to University of North Carolina Hospital.

Results.
A total of 142 patients were approached, and 90 (63%) consented to participation. All sections of GA had at least an 83% completion rate. Overall, 53% of patients reported problems with physical function, 63% had deficits in instrumental activities of daily living, 34% reported falls, 12% reported depression, 31% had ≥10% weight loss, and 12% had abnormalities in cognition. Physician documentation of each deficit ranged from 20% to 46%. Rates of referrals to allied health professionals were not significantly different between patients with and without deficits. The 30-day readmission rate was 29%.

Conclusion.
GA was feasible in this population. Hospitalized older cancer patients have high levels of functional and psychosocial deficits; however, clinician recognition and management of deficits were poor. The use of GA instruments to guide referrals to appropriate services is a way to potentially improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.

Implications for Practice:
Geriatric assessment (GA) is an important tool in the management of older cancer patients; however, its primary clinical use has been in the outpatient setting. During an unplanned hospitalization, patients are extremely frail and are most likely to benefit from GA. This study demonstrates that hospitalized older adults with cancer have high levels of functional deficits on GA. These deficits are under-recognized and poorly managed by hospital-based clinicians in a tertiary care setting. Incorporation of GA measures during a hospital stay is a way to improve outcomes in this population.
Os fenÃ³menos das inferÃªncias e transferÃªncias espontÃ¢neas de traÃ§o: O que sÃ£o, de onde vieram, para onde vÃ£o?
Authors: Orghian Diana , Ramos TÃ¢nia , Lima Rato Teresa , Costa Nunes Catarina , Garcia-Marques Leonel 
Published: June 2015

O fenÃ³meno das InferÃªncias EspontÃ¢neas de TraÃ§o (IETs) consiste na constataÃ§Ã£o de que, no seguimento da exposiÃ§Ã£o a um comportamento implicativo de um traÃ§o de personalidade, se verifica uma inferÃªncia do traÃ§o acerca do respectivo autor, sem que haja intenÃ§Ã£o nem consciÃªncia por parte do observador (Winter & Uleman, 1984). Recentemente, o fenÃ³meno de TransferÃªncias EspontÃ¢neas de TraÃ§o (TETs) veio revelar que os traÃ§os implicados pelas descriÃ§Ãµes comportamentais se podem vincular a outros sujeitos que nÃ£o o seu autor, tais como um comunicador do comportamento. A descoberta do efeito de TETs veio incidir uma nova luz sobre a caracterizaÃ§Ã£o das IETs. Especificamente, enquanto que alguns autores definiram as IETs como um processo de natureza inferencial, por oposiÃ§Ã£o Ã s TETs, que se caracterizariam por processos associativos, outros sugeriram que a ambos os efeitos subjaz um mesmo mecanismo associativo. O presente artigo incidirÃ¡ sobre a investigaÃ§Ã£o na Ã¡rea das IETs e TETs, fazendo uma exposiÃ§Ã£o crÃ­tica do debate entre as duas explicaÃ§Ãµes oferecidas e propondo novas formas empÃ­ricas de o esclarecer.
Resistencia a la cosificación desde las representaciones heredadas. El caso del documental La mujer, cosa de hombres
Authors: Torres Rosario 
Published: June 2015

<p>El presente artículo analiza el documental de Isabel Coixet <em>La mujer, cosa de hombres</em> (2009), el cual refleja la publicidad emitida en televisiones españolas en los últimos 50 años y su impacto en la audiencia. Se examina a continuación cómo la directora: invita a plantearse la conexión entre la distribución de roles tradicionales (diseminados por spots publicitarios) y el abuso doméstico; explora el tratamiento de este asunto en la televisión y, finalmente, dota de visibilidad a un tema tradicionalmente tabú, invitando al diálogo y a la reflexión y sugiriendo el replanteamiento de presupuestos sociales profundamente enraizados.<strong></strong></p>
La conciliación familiar y laboral en España en la esfera política, mediática y empresarial. Un estudio de agendas entre 2003 y 2007
Authors: Martín Llaguno Marta , León Llorente Consuelo , Guirao Mirón Cristina 
Published: June 2015

<p>Desde que se publica la Ley 39/99, impelida desde la UE, en España la conciliación familiar y laboral se va a incorporando a la esfera pública como asunto de interés. Como sucede en otros países, al tiempo que se produce el crecimiento de las tasas de empleo femenino se inicia un debate para la solución de este problema. Este trabajo explora su protagonismo en tres esferas -la legislativa, la periodística y la empresarial- entre el año 2003 (IV Plan para la Igualdad) y el 2007 (promulgación de la Ley Orgánica 3/2007 - LOIEMH), en el periodo del “milagro económico español”. A partir de la recopilación de todas las iniciativas parlamentarias del Congreso de los Diputados, las informaciones publicadas en los tres diarios nacionales de mayor tirada (El Mundo, El País y ABC) y de las repuestas de directivos de 4700 empresas en el estudio IFREI, se revisa la dinámica de la construcción de la conciliación como tema social.<strong></strong></p>
“Libros para niñas y libros para niños”: Presencia de estereotipos de género en una colección de libros para dibujar
Authors: Cabrera García-Ochoa Yolanda , Martínez-Bello Vladimir 
Published: June 2015

<p>Los aprendizajes que se producen a partir de las propuestas imaginarias y simbólicas en los materiales didácticos pueden contener elementos sexistas. El objetivo del estudio consiste en determinar, a través de un análisis de contenido, si la colección de libros para dibujar <em>“Doodle para niñas”</em> y <em>“Doodle para niños”</em> representa roles estereotipados de género en sus imágenes y en el texto escrito. Tanto a nivel de representación gráfica como escrita, ambos libros utilizan roles estereotipados sobre todo en detrimento de la mujer. Aunque el sistema educativo español señala hace años un modelo igualitario para eliminar la discriminación, los avances conseguidos desde un prisma constitucional y legal, van muy por delante de unos sistemas culturales y sociales que apenas han evolucionado.</p><p> </p>
Feminización de la dependencia: la prestación por cuidados familiares
Authors: Benito Benitez María Angustias 
Published: June 2015

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span><p>En España, aún hoy, configurada como un Estado Social y Democrático de Derecho, se mantiene un sistema que atiende a las necesidades de las personas dependientes. Sin embargo, las modificaciones introducidas en estos últimos años, permiten afirmar una evidente regresión del régimen garantista que se pretendía implantar. Este estudio analiza desde la óptica de género tales retrocesos, centrándose en la prestación económica de las cuidadoras familiares.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 7pt 0pt 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"> </p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span>
El tratamiento de los olvidados en el cine iraní contemporáneo: mujer, infancia y minorías étnicas
Authors: Díaz-Maroto Fdez-Checa Zoila , Carrillo Pascual Elena , Puebla Martínez Belén 
Published: June 2015

<p>El cine iraní, lejos de lo que conocemos como cine euro-norteamericano, se ha ido haciendo un hueco dentro de lo que etiquetamos en occidente como cine periférico. Este cine, aunque desconocido por el público general debido a la escasa repercusión comercial que tiene, se caracteriza principalmente por el trasfondo social que representa y del cual, a su vez, se alimenta. El cine iraní es capaz de esbozar lo que su sociedad simboliza, prestando especial atención a la situación de los individuos más desprotegidos, o lo que es lo mismo, el fiel reflejo de su sociedad: los niños, las mujeres y las minorías culturales. Para ello, y sobre todo para burlar la censura y el control férreo del Estado, los cineastas utilizaron durante décadas a los niños para poder mostrar las difíciles condiciones de vida que sufrían los más desvalidos socialmente. De esta forma, con este artículo pretendemos conocer los cambios que se ha producido en la sociedad iraní a través de las obras de sus principales cineastas, así como los recursos utilizados para criticar la situación de su propio país.</p><p> </p>
Actitudes hacia la diversidad: El papel del género y de la formación
Authors: Jenaro Cristina , Flores Noelia , Castaño Raimundo 
Published: June 2015

<p>En este artículo se revisa la situación de doble desventaja a la que ha de hacer frente la mujer con diversidad funcional y se discute sobre el impacto del género y la formación en la conformación de las actitudes. A modo de ilustración, se presenta un estudio en el que se evalúan las opiniones hacia la integración escolar, en el que se hace patente la influencia de ambos factores. Así, las mujeres y quienes se están formando en estudios tradicionalmente de mujeres, muestran actitudes más positivas que los hombres o quienes se están formando en estudios “masculinos”. Todo ello ofrece las bases para fomentar una educación que reduzca las desventajas asociadas al género y sus roles.</p><p> </p>
La Formación de las Trabajadoras: una reivindicación sindical (1970-1975)
Authors: López Hernández Mª Teresa 
Published: June 2015

<p>La preferencia por dar estudios a los varones en detrimento de las mujeres cambió cuando las mujeres tuvieron la posibilidad de obtener un puesto de trabajo. La oportunidad de conseguir un mejor empleo y mejor remuneración las llevó a incrementar su nivel educativo tanto en estudios secundarios y universitarios como en formación profesional, aunque decantándose por especialidades consideradas tradicionalmente como “femeninas”. Incluso en aquellas profesiones ocupadas mayoritariamente por trabajadoras, como enfermería o asistentes sociales, las condiciones laborales eran inferiores a las del mismo nivel ocupadas por trabajadores. Por ello, el sindicato Comisiones Obreras reivindicó en los años 70 el derecho de las trabajadoras al acceso a la educación en todos los niveles y el reconocimiento de la igualdad de derechos para las profesiones desempeñadas por mujeres.</p><p> </p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p>
Sexo y Género en Medicina,un enfoque inaplazable
Authors: Melián Pérez Elvira María 
Published: June 2015

<p>Dentro de una ideología con estructuras seculares de poder patriarcal académico, político y económico- no olvidemos que la investigación médica necesita financiación- el libro que aquí reseñamos analiza lúcidamente las secuelas en el estudio y práctica de la Medicina actual. Se trata de una antología de trabajos que, en su conjunto, dan cuenta de la importancia y significación de esas secuelas que impregnan en la actualidad, todavía, las ciencias de la salud y que paso a reseñar a continuación.</p>
Ge Hong: el famoso pensador Taoísta y artista marcial práctico
Authors: Henning Stanley E. 
Published: June 2015

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 6pt;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ge Hong (284-363 CE) was an important intellectual figure of his time. He is known primarily for his interest in Daoist pursuits, including alchemy, as discussed in his writings titled One Who Embraces Simplicity (Baopuzi). However, the fact that he was also a military officer, who had practiced several weapons styles and who provides valuable insights into Chinese martial arts practices, has generally been ignored. This short article will attempt to outline Ge Hong’s contributions to our understanding of the role of martial arts in Chinese culture and society based on his personal experience and observations. Ge Hong viewed the martial arts as practical skills related to hunting (archery) and self-defense, not Daoist pursuits, and he mentions that some of these skills could even be seen in children’s play. His reference to Cao Pi (Emperor of Wei, 220-226 CE) sparring with General Deng Zhan reflects the place of martial arts among leadership in the political military system of early imperial China (206 BCE-960 CE). His explanation of oral formulas (koujue) is indicative of the secrecy maintained by martial artists concerning individual techniques. </span></span></span></p>
Desarrollando la técnica combate mediante la visualización
Authors: Lajcik Tim 
Published: June 2015

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 6pt;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;" lang="EN-GB"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Visualization is a training technique that involves creating a detailed mental “movie” of successful performance. This article describes a type of visualization called “mental rehearsal” and explains how it can be used to reinforce the neuromuscular pattern of proper fighting technique. Drawing on his experience as a professional fighter and college coach, his studies in sport psychology as a college student, and his exposure to mental training techniques at the U.S. Olympic Training Center, the author reveals how to use mental imagery to facilitate the mastery of martial art technique.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></span></p>
Advances in Borehole Seismic Fracture Diagnostics
Authors: Thorne B. J. , Morris H. E. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT
Recent redesign of the hardware, software, and data-reduction techniques associated with a triaxial Borehole Seismic System have made possible better estimates of hydraulic fracture geometry. The redesigned triaxial system now incorporates three geophones per axis and provides 30 times the downhole gain of the replaced system, resulting in improved signal-to-noise ratios. This stronger signal, together with an increased digitization rate for each of the six simultaneously digitized channels from two borehole seismic tools, has made possible the acquisition and processing of data that were previously inaccessible. The new electronics makes use of a null system and an improved calibration system which includes a synthetic event generator to produce sinusoidal signals of specified amplitude, frequency, and phase. These make readjustments to maintain system balance possible while the tool is in place downhole. A maximum likelihood event location scheme, which incorporates a newly developed algorithm based on the use of directional statistics, is used to compute the location of microseisms and error estimates for these locations. The accuracy of the redesigned system, based on the ability to locate perforation shots, indicates a 25 ft (7.6 m) uncertainty in the location of individual microseisms. This results in a fairly high level of confidence in the determination of the azimuth of the November 1, 1986, hydraulic fracture in the fluvial zone at DOE's Multiwell Experiment Site.
Probabilistic Evaluation of Global Technically Recoverable Tight Gas Resources
Authors: Dong Zhenzhen , Holditch Stephen A. , Ayers Walter B. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
Tight gas reservoirs are present in every petroleum province, and global tight gas resources in place are large. However, it is uncertain how much of the in-place resource is technically recoverable. Although some publications report the technically recoverable resource of tight gas for small geographical areas, little is known publicly about these resources on a global scale.
The objective of our work was to determine the probabilistic distribution of the technically recoverable resources of tight gas, worldwide. To achieve this goal, we applied the unconventional-gas-resource-assessment system to establish a representative distribution of 25-year technically recovery factors from selected tight gas sandstones of the US. The recovery factors follow the minimum extreme-value distribution, with a P50 of 79%. Then, we extended the distribution of recovery factors to estimate technically recoverable tight gas resources for the seven world regions. Global technically recoverable tight gas is estimated to be 37,000 (P90) to 80,000 (P10) Tcf, with a P50 value of 54,000 Tcf.
Results of this work support the existence of significant global resources of technically recoverable tight gas and may have potential to guide energy strategy, such as to forecast future energy supply worldwide.
Genetic Improvement Estimates, from Cultivar × Crop Management Trials, Are Larger in High‐Yield Cropping Environments
Authors: Cober Elroy R. , Morrison Malcolm J. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTSoybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genetic improvement studies conducted under different stresses have provided conflicting results while maize (Zea mays L.) studies have shown that new cultivars were tolerant to a wide range of stresses. Using 25 genetic improvement studies from the literature, the objectives of this study were to compare estimates of genetic improvement under a range of yield capacities and also to determine the Finlay‐Wilkinson adaptability of old to newer cultivars. The 25 genetic improvement studies were performed under a range of yield capacities due to varying density, fertility, irrigation, fungicide treatments, or year‐to‐year variation. Genetic improvement rates for each experiment were estimated from linear regression of cultivar yield on year of release. A cultivar's adaptability was estimated from regression of cultivar yield on site yield. In general, higher estimates of genetic gain were found in high‐yielding environments regardless of whether the higher yields were provided by reducing stress (controlling weeds or diseases, increasing nitrogen or water) or increasing stress using higher plant densities. Newer cultivars had higher adaptability values, indicating they are better adapted to high‐yield environments. Older cultivars appear to have little utility for current use in any of the cropping systems in these studies. Plant breeders need to consider the possibility of lower genetic progress if using lower‐yield‐potential testing environments such as reduced fertility or weed control. The use of high‐yield sites may maximize genetic progress even if it does not reflect current producer environments.