bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development, Sensibility, and Reliability of the Toronto Axial Spondyloarthritis Questionnaire in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Alnaqbi Khalid A. , Touma Zahi , Passalent Laura , Johnson Sindhu R. , Tomlinson George A. , Carty Adele , Inman Robert D. 
Published: September 2013

Objective.There is an unacceptable delay in the diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) in its early stages among patients at high risk, in particular those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Our objectives were to develop a sensible and reliable questionnaire to identify undetected axSpA among patients with IBD.Methods.Literature was reviewed for item generation in the Toronto axSpA Questionnaire on IBD (TASQ-IBD). Sensibility of the questionnaire was assessed among healthcare professionals and patients. This assessment was related to purpose and framework (clinical function, clinical justification, and clinical applicability), face validity, comprehensiveness [oligo-variability (limiting the questionnaire to important items) and transparency], replicability, content validity, and feasibility. The test-retest reliability study was administered to 77 patients with established IBD and axSpA. Kappa agreement coefficients and absolute agreement were calculated for items.Results.Three domains included IBD, inflammatory back symptoms, and extraaxial features. The entry criterion required a patient to have IBD and back pain or stiffness that ever persisted for ≥ 3 months. Iterative sensibility assessment involved 16 items and a diagram of the back. Kappa coefficients ranged from 0.81–1.00 for each item. Absolute agreement across all items ranged from 91% to 100%.Conclusion.TASQ-IBD is a newly developed, sensible, and reliable case-finding questionnaire to be administered to patients with IBD who have ever had chronic back pain or stiffness persisting for ≥ 3 months. It should facilitate identification and timely referral of patients with IBD to rheumatologists and minimize the delay in diagnosis of axSpA. Consequently, it should assess the prevalence of axSpA in IBD.
A Randomized, Double-blind, Phase III Trial in Moderate Osteoarthritis Knee Pain Comparing Topical Ketoprofen Gel with Ketoprofen-free Gel
Authors: Rother Matthias , Conaghan Philip G. 
Published: September 2013

Objective.This randomized, double-blind, phase III study evaluated the efficacy and safety of ketoprofen in an ultradeformable vesicle gel compared with ketoprofen-free gel in osteoarthritis (OA) knee pain.Methods.Patients with American College of Rheumatology-defined OA of the knee and moderate pain were randomized to receive 100 mg ketoprofen in 4.4 g transfersome gel (IDEA-033) or 4.4 g ketoprofen-free vehicle (TDT 064) topically, twice daily, for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was mean change in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain subscale score from baseline to Week 12.Results.Patients (n = 555) were randomized and treated. Mean baseline WOMAC pain scores were 5.2 (SD 1.0) for IDEA-033 and 5.3 (SD 1.0) for TDT 064. Mean change in WOMAC pain scores from baseline to Week 12 was 38.6% for IDEA-033 and 44.6% for TDT 064 (Mann-Whitney estimator 0.4505; p = 0.022). Both groups reported progressive decreases in pain and improvements in function and stiffness. Mean baseline WOMAC function scores decreased from 5.4 to 3.4 with IDEA-033 and 3.1 with TDT 064 at Week 12. The proportion of patients achieving ≥ 50% decrease in WOMAC pain score from baseline at Week 12 was 41.2% (95% CI 0.35–0.47) with IDEA-033 and 50.5% (95% CI 0.45–0.57) with TDT 064. Mild skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders were the most frequently reported treatment-related adverse events (AE).Conclusions.IDEA-033 was inferior to drug-free gel (TDT 064) in relieving moderate OA knee pain and improving joint function (Clinical TrialsNCT00722852).
Increased Levels of Interleukin 34 in Serum and Synovial Fluid Are Associated with Rheumatoid Factor and Anticyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibody Titers in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Moon Su-Jin , Hong Yeon-Sik , Ju Ji Hyeon , Kwok Seung-Ki , Park Sung-Hwan , Min Jun-Ki 
Published: September 2013

Objective.Interleukin 34 (IL-34) is a recently discovered cytokine that binds macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) receptor. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by increased osteoclastogenesis. To identify the significance of IL-34 in RA, the IL-34 concentration was measured in serum and synovial fluid (SF).Methods.IL-34 concentrations were measured in serum from patients with RA (n = 113), patients with osteoarthritis (OA; n = 56), and controls (n = 36), and in SF isolated from patients with RA (n = 36) or OA (n = 24). Correlations between serum IL-34 levels and clinical features in RA were assessed. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17α, interferon-γ-induced protein 10, receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), and Dickkopf-1 were also measured.Results.Patients with RA had a higher mean serum level of IL-34 than did patients with OA and controls (188.0 ± 550.3, 36.6 ± 38.0, and 49.1 ± 78.5 pg/ml, respectively). Similarly, SF IL-34 concentration was higher in patients with RA than in those with OA. IL-34 levels were positively associated with IL-6 levels in serum from patients with RA and OA. SF IL-34 concentration correlated significantly with IL-6 and RANKL levels only in RA. The serum level of IL-34 was not correlated with systemic osteoporosis and radiographic joint damage in RA. IL-34 levels in the serum from patients with RA were positively correlated with rheumatoid factor and anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody titers (r = 0.282 and 0.491, respectively).Conclusion.Circulating IL-34 levels in RA correlated with autoantibody production. Further investigations of localized and systemic effects of IL-34 are warranted to elucidate RA pathogenesis.
A Pilot Study of Pepsin in Tracheal and Oral Secretions
Authors: Schallom Marilyn , Tricomi Sally M. , Chang Yie-Hwa , Metheny Norma A. 
Published: September 2013

BackgroundBecause reflux of gastric juice into the oropharynx must precede its aspiration into the lungs, it is reasonable to hypothesize that the detection of pepsin (the major gastric enzyme in gastric juice) in oral secretions may provide a relatively noninvasive method of predicting risk for aspiration.ObjectiveTo describe the incidence of pepsin in oral and tracheal secretions collected concurrently from a sample of 50 gastric-fed patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.MethodsAn exploratory descriptive design with a convenience sample from 4 medical and surgical intensive care units. An oral secretion and a tracheal secretion were collected concurrently from each patient (yielding a sample of 50 oral and 50 tracheal secretions). The tracheal secretions were obtained via the inline suction system with an attached sputum trap; oral secretions were obtained via a Yankauer suction tip with an attached sputum trap. All specimens were assayed for pepsin by the Western blot method.ResultsOral secretions from 10 patients (20%) and tracheal secretions from 2 patients (4%) were pepsin-positive. Both patients with pepsin-positive tracheal secretions also had pepsin-positive oral secretions. Pepsin was not found in the tracheal secretions from the remaining 8 patients with pepsin-positive oral secretions.ConclusionsAlthough reflux of gastric juice into the oropharynx must precede its aspiration into the lungs, individual reflux events do not necessarily lead to aspiration. Thus, it is reasonable that we found pepsin 5 times more often in oral secretions than in tracheal secretions.
Patterns of Opiate, Benzodiazepine, and Antipsychotic Drug Dosing in Older Patients in a Medical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Pisani Margaret A. , Bramley Kyle , Vest Michael T. , Akgün Kathleen M. , Araujo Katy L.B. , Murphy Terrence E. 
Published: September 2013

Background
Anecdotal observation suggests that older patients in medical intensive care units receive higher doses of psychoactive medications during evening shifts than day and night shifts.

Objectives
To determine the dosing patterns and total doses of fentanyl, lorazepam, and haloperidol according to nursing shift in a cohort of older patients in a medical intensive care unit.

Methods
The sample consisted of 309 patients 60 years and older admitted to the medical intensive care unit at Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut. Data on time, dosage, and route of administration of the drugs were collected. Data were analyzed by using a Bayesian random effects Poisson model adjusted for individual heterogeneity, excess zero doses, and important clinical covariates.

Results
Mean age of the patients was 75 years; 58% received fentanyl, 55% received lorazepam, and 32% received haloperidol. Although dosing with fentanyl did not differ according to shift, doses of both lorazepam and haloperidol were higher during the evening shifts (4 pm to midnight) than during the day or night shifts. Compared with women, men received higher doses of both haloperidol and lorazepam and variability between shifts was greater.

Conclusions
In this longitudinal, observational sample of older patients, data indicated a positive association between dose levels of lorazepam and haloperidol during the evening nursing shifts relative to other shifts. Further investigation is needed to determine potential causes and to evaluate the impact on outcomes of sleep deprivation and delirium.
Optimal Timing of Transfer Out of the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Garland Allan , Connors Alfred F. 
Published: September 2013

Background
Little other than subjective judgment is available to help clinicians determine when a patient should be transferred out of the intensive care unit.

Objective
To assess whether remaining in the intensive care unit longer than judged to be medically necessary is associated with increased 30-day mortality.

Methods
This prospective, observational cohort study was performed in a 13-bed, closed-model, adult medical intensive care unit of a county-owned, university-affiliated hospital that often has difficulty transferring patients to general care areas because of a lack of available beds. Analysis included all 2401 survivors of intensive care from the study period. Delay in discharge from the intensive care unit was defined as time elapsed between the request for transfer and the actual transfer. Logistic regression was used to assess the association of discharge delay with 30-day mortality, adjusting for demographics, comorbid conditions, type and severity of acute illness, care limitations in the unit, and other potential confounding variables. Nonlinear relationships with continuous variables were modeled with restricted cubic splines.

Results
Overall, 30-day mortality was 10.1%. Mean discharge delay was 9.6 (SD, 11.7) hours; 9.9% had a discharge delay exceeding 24 hours. The relationship of 30-day mortality to discharge delay was statistically significant and U-shaped, with the nadir at 20 hours.

Conclusions
These data indicate an optimal time window for patients to leave the intensive care unit, with increased mortality not only if they leave earlier but also if they leave later than this optimal timing.
POPBAM: Tools for Evolutionary Analysis of Short Read Sequence Alignments
Authors: Garrigan Daniel 
Published: September 2013

Background While many bioinformatics tools currently exist for assembling and discovering variants from next-generation sequence data, there are very few tools available for performing evolutionary analyses from these data. Evolutionary and population genomics studies hold great promise for providing valuable insights into natural selection, the effect of mutations on phenotypes, and the origin of species. Thus, there is a need for an extensible and flexible computational tool that can function into a growing number of evolutionary bioinformatics pipelines. Results This paper describes the POPBAM software, which is a comprehensive set of computational tools for evolutionary analysis of whole-genome alignments consisting of multiple individuals, from multiple populations or species. POPBAM works directly from BAM-formatted assembly files, calls variant sites, and calculates a variety of commonly used evolutionary sequence statistics. POPBAM is designed primarily to perform analyses in sliding windows across chromosomes or scaffolds. POPBAM accurately measures nucleotide diversity, population divergence, linkage disequilibrium, and the frequency spectrum of mutations from two or more populations. POPBAM can also produce phylogenetic trees of all samples in a BAM file. Finally, I demonstrate that the implementation of POPBAM is both fast and memory-efficient, and also can feasibly scale to the analysis of large BAM files with many individuals and populations. Software The POPBAM program is written in C/C++ and is available from http://dgarriga.github.io/POPBAM . The program has few dependencies and can be built on a variety of Linux platforms. The program is open-source and users are encouraged to participate in the development of this resource.
A Problem on Edge-magic Labelings of Cycles
Authors: López S. C. , Muntaner-Batle F. A. , Rius-Font M. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIn 1970, Kotzig and Rosa defined the concept of edge-magic labelings as follows. Let G be a simple (p; q)-graph (that is, a graph of order p and size q without loops or multiple edges). A bijective function f : V(G)⊔E(G) → {1; 2, … p+q} is an edge-magic labeling of G if f (u)+ f (uv)+ f (v) = k, for all uv ∊ E(G). A graph that admits an edge-magic labeling is called an edge-magic graph, and k is called the magic sum of the labeling. An old conjecture of Godbold and Slater states that all possible theoretical magic sums are attained for each cycle of order n ≥ 7. Motivated by this conjecture, we prove that for all n0∊ N, there exists n 2 N such that the cycle Cn admits at least n0 edge-magic labelings with at least n0 mutually distinct magic sums. We do this by providing a lower bound for the number of magic sums of the cycle Cn, depending on the sum of the exponents of the odd primes appearing in the prime factorization of n.
An Efficient and Stable Spectral-Element Method for Acoustic Scattering by an Obstacle
Authors: An Jing , Shen Jie 
Published: September 2013

AbstractA spectral-element method is developed to solve the scattering problem for time-harmonic sound waves due to an obstacle in an homogeneous compressible fluid. The method is based on a boundary perturbation technique coupled with an efficient spectral-element solver. Extensive numerical results are presented, in order to show the accuracy and stability of the method.
The Effects of the Economic Crisis on Archaeology in Greece
Authors: Howery Cherkea 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
The economic crisis in Europe has reverberated through all facets of society, even archaeology and heritage. The following forum takes into account some of the economic effects on the archaeological industry along with its impact on people, places, and material culture. Considering the contribution of archaeology to the economy of Greece, as well as its influence on culture and society, there is an argument that a greater investment should be made in the protection and preservation of heritage. Proponents also suggest that archaeology should work to garner wider public support and seek alternative financial opportunities for funding. While heritage may not be the solution for this crisis, it could play a part in unifying people during this period.
Occupational safety beliefs among Latino residential roofing workers
Authors: Arcury Thomas A. , Summers Phillip , Carrillo Lourdes , Grzywacz Joseph G. , Quandt Sara A. , Mills Thomas H. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBackgroundThis analysis describes beliefs about work safety and personal protective equipment (PPE) among Latino roofing workers, it delineates their perceptions of work environment characteristics that affect work safety and PPE use, and it describes how they experience work injuries and the consequences of these injuries.MethodsIn‐depth interviews were completed with 10 current and former Latino residential roofers. Interview transcripts were subjected to systematic qualitative analysis.ResultsParticipants' valued productivity over safety, and this had a negative influence on their safety behavior and reduced their PPE use. They understood that roofing was hazardous. They limited use of PPE when they felt it reduced productivity and when it was uncomfortable. Work environment characteristics that affected safety included company size, the physical demands of the job, lack of training, the need for work, general life stress, and distractions at work. An injury had to result in lost work time to be considered significant. Access to health care is limited by employers not providing Workers' compensation.DiscussionFuture research is needed to substantiate these descriptive results and to delineate factors that are associated with safety behavior and use of PPE. Interventions, based on a lay health educator model, are needed to improve safety in this population. Safety regulations need to be evaluated and their enforcement needs to be improved. Am. J. Ind. Med. 57:718–725, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
DNA Terminal Mismatch‐Induced Stabilization of Polymer Micelles from RAFT‐Generated Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide)‐DNA Block Copolymers
Authors: Isoda Kyosuke , Kanayama Naoki , Fujita Masahiro , Takarada Tohru , Maeda Mizuo 
Published: September 2013

AbstractTemperature‐responsive diblock copolymers made of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) generated by reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and a single‐stranded DNA (ssDNA) self‐assembled into polymer micelles. The micelles consisted of the PNIPAAm core surrounded by the ssDNA corona with a hydrodynamic diameter up to 300 nm in an aqueous medium above the lower critical solution temperature. In a medium of high ionic strength, the formation of the fully matched duplex with the complementary ssDNA on the surface of the polymer micelles induced rapid and spontaneous aggregation. By contrast, the micelles remained dispersed under the identical conditions when single‐base‐substituted ssDNA was added to form the corresponding terminal‐mismatched duplex on the micellar surface. This highly sequence‐selective process took place irrespective of the size of the PNIPAAm core.
The response of extratropical cyclones in the Southern Hemisphere to stratospheric ozone depletion in the 20th century
Authors: Grise Kevin M. , Son Seok‐Woo , Correa Gustavo J. P. , Polvani Lorenzo M. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThis study explores the impact of Antarctic stratospheric ozone depletion on extratropical cyclones. Output from the Community Atmosphere Model is combined with a Lagrangian cyclone‐tracking algorithm to identify the response of Southern Hemisphere extratropical cyclones to ozone and greenhouse gas forcings over the period 1960–2000. Stratospheric ozone depletion induces a significant poleward shift in cyclone frequency over the Southern Ocean, but has minimal influence on cyclone intensity and lifetime. The response of the cyclones to late 20th century greenhouse gas increases has similar characteristics, but falls within the range of natural variability in the model.
NMR based solvent exchange experiments to understand the conformational preference of intrinsically disordered proteins using FG‐nucleoporin peptide as a model
Authors: Heisel Kurt A. , Krishnan V. V. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTThe conformational preference of a peptide with three phenylalanine‐glycine (FG) repeats from the intrinsically disordered domain of nucleoporin 159 (nup159) from the yeast nucleopore complex is studied. Conformational states of this FG‐peptide in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a non‐native solvent, are first studied. A solvent exchange scheme is designed and performed to understand how the conformational preferences of the peptide are altered as the solvent shifts from DMSO to water. An ensemble of structures of a 19‐residue peptide is determined based on 13Cα, 1Hα, and 1HN chemical shifts and with inter‐proton distances. An experimental model is then presented where chemical shifts and amide‐proton temperature dependence is probed at changing DMSO to water ratios. These co‐solvent experiments provide evidence of a conformational change as the fraction of water increases by the stark change in the behavior of amide protons under varied temperature. This investigation provides a NMR based experimental method in the field of intrinsically disordered proteins to realize conformational transitions from a non‐native set of structures (in DMSO) to a native set of disordered conformers (in water). © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 102: 69–77, 2014.
Lack of association between inguinal hernia and abdominal aortic aneurysm in a population-based male cohort
Authors: Henriksen N A , Sorensen L T , Jorgensen L N , Lindholt J S 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have reported a higher prevalence of inguinal hernia in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The aim of this study was to explore the association between inguinal hernia and AAA in a large population-based cohort of men who had screening for AAA.MethodsA total of 18 331 men aged 65–76 years had ultrasound screening for AAA in the Central Region of Denmark from 2008 to 2010. The Danish National Patient Registry was interrogated, and screened men registered with an inguinal hernia from 1977 to 2011 were identified. The association between inguinal hernia and AAA was assessed by multiple logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe prevalence of AAA was 3.3 per cent (601 of 18 331). A total of 2936 (16.0 per cent) of the 18 331 patients were registered with a diagnosis of inguinal hernia or hernia repair. Inguinal hernia was not associated with AAA: crude odds ratio (OR) 0.86 (95 per cent confidence interval 0.68 to 1.09) and adjusted OR 0.94 (0.75 to 1.20).ConclusionIn contrast to smaller patient-based studies, this large population-based study found no association between inguinal hernia and AAA.
Outcome after resection and radiofrequency ablation of liver metastases from small intestinal neuroendocrine tumours
Authors: Norlén O , Stålberg P , Zedenius J , Hellman P 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Background
In patients with small intestinal neuroendocrine tumour (SI-NET), liver resection or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of liver metastases is performed for palliation of carcinoid syndrome, and in an effort to improve survival. Data are generally reported from case series, and no randomized trials have studied these treatments. The aim was to compare outcome after liver resection and/or RFA with that of non-surgical treatment in patients with liver metastases from SI-NET.

Methods
The study included patients with liver metastases from SI-NET who underwent liver RFA/resection or were treated non-surgically. A propensity score match was performed to reduce bias between groups, using baseline variables such as the Charlson co-morbidity index, age, symptoms, carcinoid heart disease, extent of metastases and proliferation index.

Results
Some 103 patients who had RFA and/or liver resection were compared with 273 controls. Propensity score matching resulted in two matched groups, each of 72 patients, with no significant differences in baseline variables. The matched resection/RFA and control groups showed no difference in overall survival (both 74 per cent at 5 years; P = 0·869) or disease-specific survival (74 versus 78 per cent respectively at 5 years; P = 1·000). However, urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels were lower (median 77 versus 120 µmol per 24 h; P = 0·005) and the proportion of patients with progressive disease within the liver was smaller (2 of 18 versus 8 of 18; P &lt; 0·001) in the resection/RFA group after 5 years.

Conclusion
These data do not support the use of liver resection and/or RFA in an effort to prolong survival in patients with liver metastases from SI-NET.