bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Randomized, Double‐blinded Placebo‐controlled Clinical Trial of the Routine Use of Preoperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Modified Radical Mastectomy
Authors: Cabaluna Nelson D. , Uy Gemma B. , Galicia Rommel M. , Cortez Shalimar C. , Yray Marc Denver S. , Buckley Brian S. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of surgical site infection (SSI) following specific types of breast cancer surgery remains uncertain. This study assessed the effectiveness of prophylaxis in modified radical mastectomy (MRM).MethodsWomen undergoing MRM for breast cancer were recruited. Women were excluded who had diabetes mellitus, severe malnutrition or known allergy to cephalosporins; were receiving corticosteroid therapy or were treated with antibiotics within one week prior to surgery; were scheduled for simultaneous breast reconstruction or bilateral oophorectomy; had existing local infection. Participants were randomized to receive either intravenous cefazolin 1 g or placebo within 30 min prior to skin incision. Standard skin preparation and operative technique for MRM were carried out. Wounds were assessed for SSI and other complications weekly for 30 days.ResultsA total of 254 women were recruited. Age, clinical stage, prior chemotherapy, and operative time were similar for antibiotic and placebo groups. The overall incidence of SSI was 14.2 %. There were no significant differences in the infection rate over the 30‐day follow‐up period between the placebo and antibiotic groups (15 % vs 13.4 %; p = 0.719) or at each week. The majority of SSI were either cellulitis or superficial infection for both groups. There were no significant differences between groups in treatments required for SSI, incidence of hematoma or seroma.ConclusionsThe findings of this study, alone and when meta‐analyzed with data from studies in similar surgical populations, do not support the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in MRM.
Seasonal forecasts for regional onset of the West African monsoon
Authors: Vellinga Michael , Arribas Alberto , Graham Richard 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The West African monsoon has over the years proven difficult to represent in global coupled models. The current operational seasonal forecasting system of the UK Met Office (GloSea4) has a good representation of monsoon rainfall over West Africa. It reproduces the various stages of the monsoon: a coastal phase in May and June, followed by onset of the Sahelian phase in July when rainfall maxima shift northward of 10N until September; and a secondary coastal rainfall maximum in October. We explore the dynamics of monsoon onset in GloSea4 and compare it to reanalyses. An important difference is the change in the Saharan heat low around the time of Sahelian onset. In Glosea4 the deepening heat low introduces moisture convergence across an east-west Sahelian band, whereas in the reanalyses such an east-west organisation of moisture does not occur and moisture is transported northwards to the Sahara. Lack of observations in the southern Sahara makes it difficult to verify this process in GloSea4 and also suggests that reanalyses may not be strongly constrained by station observations in an area key to Sahelian onset. Timing of monsoon onset has socio-economic importance for many countries in West Africa and we explore onset predictability in GloSea4. We use tercile categories to calculate probabilities for onset occurring before, near and after average in four different onset indicators. Glosea4 has modest skill at 2–3 months’ lead time, with ROC scores of 0.6–0.8. Similar skill is seen in hindcasts with models from the ENSEMBLES project, even in models with large rainfall biases over the Sahel. Forecast skill derives from tropical SST in June and many models capture at least the influence of the tropical Atlantic. This suggests that long-range skill for onset could be present in other seasonal forecasting systems in spite of mean rainfall biases.
Laparoscopic major hepatectomy: pure laparoscopic approach versus hand‐assisted technique
Authors: Cardinal J.S. , Reddy S.K. , Tsung A. , Marsh J.W. , Geller D.A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractLaparoscopic liver resections are being performed with increasing frequency, with several groups having reported minimally invasive approaches for major anatomic hepatic resections. Some surgeons favor a pure laparoscopic approach, while others prefer a hand‐assisted approach for major laparoscopic liver resections. There are clear advantages and disadvantages to a hand‐assisted technique. The purpose of this study is to summarize the literature comparing pure laparoscopic and hand‐assisted approaches for minimally invasive hepatic resection, and to describe our approach in 432 laparoscopic liver resections.
Pure laparoscopic hepatectomy in semiprone position for right hepatic major resection
Authors: Ikeda Tetsuo , Mano Yohei , Morita Kazutoyo , Hashimoto Naotaka , Kayashima Hirohito , Masuda Atsuro , Ikegami Toru , Yoshizumi Tomoharu , Shirabe Ken , Maehara Yoshihiko 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundPure laparoscopic liver resection is technically difficult for tumors located in the dorsal anterior and posterior sectors. We have developed a maneuver to perform pure laparoscopic hepatectomy in the semiprone position which was developed for resecting tumors located in these areas.MethodsThe medical records have been reviewed retrospectively in 30 patients who underwent laparoscopic liver resection in the semiprone position for carcinoma in the dorsal anterior or posterior sectors of the right liver between 2008 and 2011.ResultsSeventeen liver tumors were primary liver tumors and 13 were colorectal metastases. Of the 30 patients, 11 (36.6 %) underwent major hepatectomy [right hemihepatectomy in 7 (23.3 %) and posterior sectionectomy in 4 (13.3 %)]. Anatomical minor resection, such as S6 or S7 segmentectomy, was performed in five patients (16.6 %). Five patients with liver metastasis underwent a simultaneous laparoscopic resection. There was no mortality, reoperation, or conversion to open procedures. There were no hepatectomy‐related complications such as postoperative bleeding, bile leakage, or liver failure.ConclusionsPure laparoscopic hepatectomy in the semiprone position for tumors present in the dorsal anterior and posterior sectors is feasible and safe. This method expands the indications for laparoscopic liver resection for tumors.
Management of neglected Blount disease using double corrective tibia osteotomy and medial plateau elevation
Authors: Gkiokas Andreas , Brilakis Emmanuel 
Published: October 2012

Purpose A double osteotomy for correcting tibial deformity in combination with medial plateau elevation is recommended for the management of neglected Blount disease cases. We report our clinical experience with the application of this surgical technique and describe the long-term follow-up of the patients who were operated on. Methods During a 10-year period, eight children (8 boys) with mean age of 12 years (range 9–14 years) underwent surgery (9 operations) due to neglected infantile tibia vara. All patients suffered from stage V or VI Blount disease according to the Langenskiold and Riska classification. Two simultaneous combined osteotomies were performed for medial plateau elevation and for correction of the tibial deformity. The correction was immediate using K-wires for stabilization and a long-leg cast for immobilization. The mean duration of follow-up was 10 years (range 5–15 years), and the evaluations were based on clinical and radiological criteria. Results At the latest follow-up, there was no observable knee flexion or extension restriction and no signs of instability or lateral thrust. All patients had returned to a higher activity level. Leg-lengthening surgery was performed in one child, but the length discrepancy was already present before the double osteotomy was performed. No other complications were noticed. All the angles measured on X-rays had been corrected, and this correction was retained until the latest follow-up. Conclusions This method results in very good outcomes in patients who suffer from Blount disease of stage V or greater. With this technique, the tibial deformity is corrected, the articular surface is restored, and future recurrence is prevented.
Periorbital cellulitis, subgaleal abscess and superior sagittal sinus thrombosis: a rare combination of complications arising from unilateral frontal sinusitis
Authors: Jones H , Trinidade A , Jaberoo M C , Lyons M 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackground:Subclinical infection of the sinuses can result in delayed diagnosis and unusual presenting complications.Case report:This paper describes the case of a 14-year-old boy with a rare combination of periorbital cellulitis, subgaleal abscess and superior sagittal sinus thrombosis following a late presentation of unilateral frontal sinusitis.Results:Following multiple surgical procedures, and antimicrobial and anticoagulation therapy, the patient made a full recovery.Conclusion:Serious sinusitis complications still occur, and can do so in unusual combinations with minimal clinical signs. Systemic anticoagulation therapy is considered safe practice in the management of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and may reduce morbidity and mortality.
Prefrontal cortex function in remitted major depressive disorder
Authors: Nixon N. L. , Liddle P. F. , Worwood G. , Liotti M. , Nixon E. 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundRecent models of major depressive disorder (MDD) have proposed the rostral anterior cingulate (rACC) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) as nexus sites in the dysfunctional regulation of cognitive-affective state. Limited evidence from remitted-state MDD supports these theories by suggesting that aberrant neural activity proximal to the rACC and the dmPFC may play a role in vulnerability to recurrence/relapse within this disorder. Here we present a targeted analysis assessing functional activity within these two regions of interest (ROIs) for groups with identified vulnerability to MDD: first, remitted, high predicted recurrence-risk patients; and second, patients suffering observed 1-year recurrence.MethodBaseline T2* images sensitive to blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) contrast were acquired from patients and controls during a Go/No-Go (GNG) task incorporating negative feedback, with 1-year patient follow-up to identify recurrence. BOLD contrast data for error commission (EC) and visual negative feedback (VNF) were used in an ROI analysis based on rACC and dmPFC coordinates from the literature, comparing patientsversuscontrols and recurrenceversusnon-recurrenceversuscontrol groups.ResultsAnalysis of patients (n = 20)versuscontrols (n = 20) showed significant right dmPFC [Brodmann area (BA) 9] hypoactivity within the patient group, co-localized during EC and VNF, with additional significant rACC (BA 32) hypoactivity during EC. The results from the follow-up analysis were undermined by small groups and potential confounders but suggested persistent right dmPFC (BA 9) hypoactivity associated with 1-year recurrence.ConclusionsConvergent hypoactive right dmPFC (BA 9) processing of VNF and EC, possibly impairing adaptive reappraisal of negative experience, was associated most clearly with clinically predicted vulnerability to MDD.
The neuropsychological profile of children at high risk of developing an eating disorder
Authors: Kothari R. , Solmi F. , Treasure J. , Micali N. 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundThere is a large body of evidence indicating that eating disorders (EDs) are characterized by particular neuropsychological profiles. We aimed to further explore whether impairments in neuropsychological functioning previously found in ED groups are present prior to onset, or are secondary to the disorder.MethodThis is the first study to explore neuropsychological functioning in children born to a mother with a lifetime ED, who are therefore at high risk of developing an ED, in a large cohort sample. We investigated intelligence and attention at age 8 years (n = 6201) and working memory (WM) and inhibition at age 10 years (6192) in children who are at high risk of developing an ED, compared to children who are not.ResultsThe children of women with lifetime anorexia nervosa (AN) showed high full-scale and performance IQ, increased WM capacity, better visuo-spatial functioning, and decreased attentional control. The children of women with lifetime bulimia nervosa (BN) showed comparatively poor visuo-spatial functioning.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that high intelligence, increased WM capacity and impaired attentional control might be intermediate phenotypes on the pathway between genetic vulnerability and the development of an ED.
Work restrictions experienced by midlife family care-givers of older people: evidence from six European countries
Authors: PRINCIPI ANDREA , LAMURA GIOVANNI , SIROLLA CRISTINA , MESTHENEOS LIZ , BIEŃ BARBARA , BROWN JAYNE , KREVERS BARBRO , MELCHIORRE MARIA GABRIELLA , DÖHNER HANNELI 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper examines differences in work restrictions of midlife family carers of older people in terms of prevalence, gender and explanatory variables, in six European countries: Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Sweden and the United Kingdom. A sample of 2,897 carers aged 45–64 was extracted from the EUROFAMCARE (Services for Supporting Family Carers of Older People in Europe: Characteristics, Coverage and Usage) European project database, in order to analyse four possible work restrictions experienced in connection with the activity of care-giving: the reduction of working hours; giving up working; difficulties in career developments and forced occasional work. The results show that work restrictions are experienced differently between countries especially by women: they are reported to a higher degree in the United Kingdom, Germany and Greece, less so in Italy, and seldom in Poland and Sweden. Gender differences within countries are not so marked. Country differences are explained in the light of the different welfare regimes characterising the countries under investigation, in order to elucidate how policy makers may act to improve working carers' conditions through appropriate policies.
Hausdorff dimension of the set of elliptic functions with critical values approaching infinity
Authors: GAŁĄZKA PIOTR 
Published: October 2012

AbstractLet Λ denote the Weierstrass function with a period lattice Λ. We consider escaping parameters in the family βΛ, i.e. the parameters β for which the orbits of all critical values of βΛ approach infinity under iteration. Unlike the exponential family, the functions considered here are ergodic and admit a non-atomic, σ-finite, ergodic, conservative and invariant measure μ absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure. Under additional assumptions on Λ, we estimate the Hausdorff dimension of the set of escaping parameters in the family βΛ from below, and compare it with the Hausdorff dimension of the escaping set in the dynamical space, proving a similarity between the parameter plane and the dynamical space.
On the universal sl2 invariant of Brunnian bottom tangles
Authors: SUZUKI SAKIE 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe universal sl2 invariant is an invariant of bottom tangles from which one can recover the colored Jones polynomial of links. We are interested in the relationship between topological properties of bottom tangles and algebraic properties of the universal sl2 invariant. A bottom tangle T is called Brunnian if every proper subtangle of T is trivial. In this paper, we prove that the universal sl2 invariant of n-component Brunnian bottom tangles takes values in a small subalgebra of the n-fold completed tensor power of the quantized enveloping algebra Uh(sl2). As an application, we give a divisibility property of the colored Jones polynomial of Brunnian links.
Distribution of tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 and structural matrix proteins in mouse embryos during preimplantation developmentin vivoandin vitro
Authors: Sakurai Masahiro , Sato Yusuke , Mukai Kuniaki , Suematsu Makoto , Fukui Emiko , Yoshizawa Midori , Tanemura Kentaro , Hoshino Yumi , Matsumoto Hiromichi , Sato Eimei 
Published: October 2012

SummaryTubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 (TINAGL1) is a novel matricellular protein that interacts with structural matrix proteins and promotes cell adhesion and spreading. We have previously reported unique localization of TINAGL1 to the trophectoderm (TE) of mouse blastocysts. TINAGL1 was found to be upregulated in implantation-competent blastocysts after estrogen treatment using progesterone-treated delayed-implantation models. Moreover, colocalization of TINAGL1 and extracellular matrix (ECM) protein laminin 1 was detected in the Reichert membrane on embryonic days 6.5 and 7.5. Although these data suggested a role for TINAGL1 in the embryo development at postimplantation, its relevance to other ECM proteins during preimplantation development is not clear. In this study, we examined the expression of TINAGL1 and its relevance to other ECM proteins fibronectin (FN) and collagen type IV (ColIV) duringin vivodevelopment of preimplantation embryos, particularly at blastocyst stage in detail. Localizations of TINAGL1, FN, and ColIV were similar. In 1-cell to 8-cell embryos, they were expressed in cytoplasm of blastomeres, and in morulae they were localized in the outer cells. FN and ColIV were expressed primarily on outer surface of the cells. In blastocysts, FN and ColIV were distributed in the cytoplasm of TE, but, just prior to implantation, they became localized uniquely to the blastocoelic surface of TE. Inin vitrofertilized (IVF) blastocysts, expression levels of TINAGL1 and FN were lower than inin vivoblastocysts. These results suggest that, during preimplantation development, TINAGL1 may be involved in roles of structural matrix proteins, whose expression in blastocysts may be affected byin vitroculture.
Familial congenital heart disease: data collection and preliminary analysis
Authors: Wang Xike , Wang Jing , Zhao Pengjun , Guo Ying , Wu Lanping , Sun Jing , Sun Kun 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore genetic mechanisms of congenital heart disease by analysing family data. Families with two or more affected members were studied, and information on family history and risk factors was collected. A total of 25 families with congenital heart disease were identified, and among them the condition was confirmed in 57. The prevalence of congenital heart disease in first-degree relatives was 43.0%, that is 46 out of 107, significantly higher than that in second-degree relatives, that is, 4.4%, 11 out of 252) (χ2= 83.897,P< 0.01). The prevalence difference between twins (90%) and siblings (62.2%) (χ2= 4.983,P< 0.05) was also significant among first-degree relatives. Eleven families were found to have the same phenotype (44%), including ventricular septal defect in six families, atrial septal defect in two families, conotruncal defects in two families, and hypoplastic left heart syndrome in one family. Both twins were diagnosed with congenital heart disease in 8 out of 10 twin families – all eight twins were monozygotic. The cardiac phenotype of the twins was consistent in three families (37.5%). The cardiac phenotype of first- and second-degree relatives was not fully consistent with their probands. There was an increased incidence of threatened abortion in early pregnancy in patients with familial congenital heart disease when compared with sporadic congenital heart disease (χ2= 8.704,P< 0.05). Morbidity in relatives was related to blood relationship, with a closer relationship increasing the risk of congenital heart disease. Genetic factors appear to play an important role in congenital heart disease.
Validierung der türkischen Version des Screenings für Somatoforme Störungen (SOMS) 1Wir danken Frau Z. Subasi für ihre Hilfe in der Begleitung der Patienten in der ersten Einsatzphase des türkischen SOMS.
Authors: Erim Yesim , Beckmann Mingo , Tagay Sefik , Aygün Sanem , Gencoglu Peykan Gökalp , Senf Wolfgang 
Published: October 2012

Bei türkischstämmigen Migranten ist die Inanspruchnahme psychotherapeutischer Behandlung häufig mit somatoformen Beschwerden verknüpft. Zur besseren Objektivierung dieser Beschwerden wurde das Screening für Somatoforme Störungen (SOMS), das körperliche Beschwerden nicht organischer Genese erfasst, in die türkische Sprache übersetzt und anhand einer Stichprobe von 114 türkischsprachigen Patienten einer muttersprachlichen psychosomatischen Ambulanz sowie einer Gruppe von 105 psychisch unauffälligen türkischen Migranten validiert. Die türkische Version des SOMS wies eine hohe interne Konsistenz (von α = 0.78 bis α = 0.93), eine hohe konkurrente und divergente Validität (von r = .37 bis r = –.48) anhand von Depressivitätsscores nach dem Beck-Depressions-Inventar und dem Gesamtscore des Kohärenzgefühls nach der Sense of Coherence Scale sowie eine hohe diskriminante Validität auf. Mit der türkischen Version des SOMS wird ein verständliches, reliables und valides Instrument zur Erfassung somatoformer Symptome bei türkischen Migranten vorgelegt.
New constraints on the provenance of the ANDRILL AND‐2A succession (western Ross Sea, Antarctica) from apatite triple dating
Authors: Zattin Massimiliano , Andreucci Benedetta , Thomson Stuart N. , Reiners Peter W. , Talarico Franco M. 
Published: October 2012

Apatite triple dating (fission track, U‐Pb and U‐Th/He techniques) has been applied to detrital grains from the sedimentary core drilled during the ANDRILL 2A project, which documents the Miocene history of the Victoria Land Basin (western Ross Sea). High‐temperature cooling ages show two main clusters (about 30 and 500 Ma) whereas most of low‐temperature data are late Oligocene‐Early Miocene in age. These latter data are related to the exhumation of the Transantarctic Mountains south of the Discovery Accommodation Zone. Comparison between low‐temperature ages suggests that the Transantarctic Mountains have been in a phase of post‐orogenic decay since at least 30 Ma. The Oligocene U‐Pb data demonstrate the presence of a volcanic event well before the McMurdo volcanic group, whose onset is commonly places at 19 Ma. The location of the volcanic centers is unknown, but they could be below the Ross Ice Shelf south of drilling site. As a whole, these data indicate a major flow of sediments from south to north with only minor contributions from nearby outlet glaciers of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet.
Numerical simulation of gravity wave breaking in the lower thermosphere
Authors: Lund Thomas S. , Fritts David C. 
Published: October 2012

Numerical simulations are used to study gravity wave (GW) propagation, instability, and breaking in the lower thermosphere. Compressible effects are accounted for via an anelastic formulation of the equations of motion and we employ a realistic description of the background thermodynamic state. An initially low‐amplitude, monochromatic GW with horizontal wavelength 60 km and intrinsic frequencyN/3.7 is introduced at the lower boundary and allowed to propagate to higher altitudes. The GW steepens as it propagates upward and displays instability and breaking over the altitude range ∼120–160 km. The effects of momentum deposition due to viscous attenuation and wave breaking are studied by comparing simulations which either include or exclude induced changes to the mean wind. These two cases also bound the range of expected behavior for horizontally localized GW packets. When induced changes to the mean wind are excluded, instability and turbulence occur over a broad altitude range spanning several vertical wavelengths. In contrast, the region of instability and turbulence is confined to a much more limited altitude range when induced mean wind effects are included. Wave breaking and turbulence in this case are largely confined within a shear layer formed by GW momentum transport. In time, the shear layer evolves into a critical level which consumes nearly all of the incident GW energy.