bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Sequence of Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp.
animalis
ChDC F324, Isolated from a Human Subgingival Plaque in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Park Soon-Nang , Cho Eugene , Kim Hwa-Sook , Kim Dae-Soo , Jung Jaeeun , Baek Jeong-Hun , Kyong Lim Yun , Jo Eojin , Chang Young-Hyo , Hwan Shin Jeong , Choi Sang-Haeng , Kang Jihee , Choi YongUn , Kong Si-Won , Han Sang-Eun , Park Hong-Seog , Kim Hongik , Kook Joong-Ki 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

Five subspecies of
Fusobacterium nucleatum
have been classified:
animalis
,
nucleatum
,
polymorphum
,
vincentii
, and
fusiforme
.
F. nucleatum
subsp.
animalis
ChDC F324 (KCOM 1325) was isolated from a human subgingival plaque in the Republic of Korea. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the strain.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Campylobacter coli Clinical Isolate 15-537360
Authors: Pearson Bruce M. , Rokney Assaf , Crossman Lisa C. , Miller William G. , Wain John , van Vliet Arnoud H. M. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

Campylobacter coli
strain 15-537360 was originally isolated in 2001 from a 42-year-old patient with gastroenteritis. Here, we report its complete genome sequence, which comprises a 1.7-Mbp chromosome and a 29-kbp conjugative cryptic plasmid. This is the first complete genome sequence of a clinical isolate of
C. coli
.
TFAP2A Regulates Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Growth and Survival by Targeting HIF-1α Signaling Pathway
Authors: Shi Dingbo , Xie Fangyun , Zhang Yun , Tian Yun , Chen Wangbing , Fu Lingyi , Wang Jingshu , Guo Wei , Kang Tiebang , Huang Wenlin , Deng Wuguo 
Published: December 2013

AbstractTFAP2A is a transcription factor that orchestrates a variety of cell processes, including cell growth and tissue differentiation. However, the regulation of TFAP2A in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma tumorigenesis and its precise mechanism of action remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the biologic role and clinical significance of TFAP2A in nasopharyngeal carcinoma growth and progression and identified the underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that TFAP2A was highly expressed in various nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines and tumor tissue specimens and was significantly correlated with hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression. A positive correlation of TFAP2A overexpression with advanced tumor stage, local invasion, clinical progression, and poor prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinomas were also observed. Moreover, we found that knockdown of TFAP2A expression by siRNA significantly inhibited tumor cell growth in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines and in a subcutaneous xenograft mouse model by targeting the HIF-1α–mediated VEGF/pigment epithelium–derived factor (PEDF) signaling pathway. Treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells with TFAP2A siRNA dramatically inhibited the expression and the release of VEGF protein but did not change the level of PEDF protein, resulting in a significant reduction of the ratio of VEGF/PEDF. Pretreatment with a HIF-1α siRNA did not significantly change the TFAP2A siRNA-mediated inhibition in cell viability. Our results indicate that TFAP2A regulates nasopharyngeal carcinoma growth and survival through the modulation of the HIF-1α–mediated VEGF/PEDF signaling pathway, and suggest that TFAP2A could be a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for nasopharyngeal carcinoma treatment. Cancer Prev Res; 7(2); 266–77. ©2013 AACR.
p21-Dependent Protective Effects of a Carbon Monoxide–Releasing Molecule-3 in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Abid Shariq , Houssaïni Amal , Mouraret Nathalie , Marcos Elisabeth , Amsellem Valerie , Wan Feng , Dubois-Randé Jean Luc , Derumeaux Geneviève , Boczkowski Jorge , Motterlini Roberto , Adnot Serge 
Published: December 2013

Objective—
Carbon monoxide–releasing molecules (CORMs) represent a pharmacological alternative to CO gas inhalation. Here, we questioned whether CORM-3, a well-characterized water-soluble CORM, could prevent and reverse pulmonary hypertension (PH) in chronically hypoxic mice and in smooth muscle promoter 22 serotonin transporter mice overexpressing the serotonin transporter in smooth muscle cells (SMCs).

Approach and Results—
Treatment with CORM-3 (50 mg/kg per day once daily) for 3 weeks prevented PH, right ventricular hypertrophy, and distal pulmonary artery muscularization in mice exposed to chronic hypoxia and partially reversed PH in smooth muscle promoter 22 serotonin transporter mice by reducing Ki67 dividing pulmonary artery SMCs (PA-SMCs). In these models, CORM-3 markedly increased lung p21 mRNA and protein levels and p21-stained PA-SMCs. These effects contrasted with the transient pulmonary vasodilatation and rise in lung cGMP levels induced by a single injection of CORM-3 in mice exposed to acute hypoxia. Studies in cultured rat PA-SMCs revealed that the inhibitory effects of CORM-3 on cell growth were independent of cGMP formation but associated with increased p21 mRNA and protein levels. Protection against PH by CORM-3 required increased lung expression of p21, as indicated by the inability of CORM-3 to prevent chronic hypoxia-induced PH in p21-deficient mice and to alter the growth of PA-SMCs derived from p21-deficient mice. CORM-3–induced p21 overexpression was linked to p53 activation as assessed by the inability of CORM-3 to prevent PH and induce p21 expression in p53-deficient mice and in PA-SMCs derived from p53-deficient mice.

Conclusions—
CORM-3 inhibits pulmonary vascular remodeling via p21, which may represent a useful approach for treating PH.
ABCD3 and ABCD3-I Scores Are Superior to ABCD2 Score in the Prediction of Short- and Long-Term Risks of Stroke After Transient Ischemic Attack
Authors: Kiyohara Takuya , Kamouchi Masahiro , Kumai Yasuhiro , Ninomiya Toshiharu , Hata Jun , Yoshimura Sohei , Ago Tetsuro , Okada Yasushi , Kitazono Takanari ,   Fukuoka Stroke Registry Investigators,   The participating hospitals in the Fukuoka Stroke Registry were the following:,   Kyushu University Hospital, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, National Hospital Organization Fukuoka-Higashi Medical Center, Fukuoka Red Cross Hospital, St. Mary’s Hospital, Steel Memorial Yawata Hospital, Japan Labor Health and Welfare Organization Kyushu Rosai Hospital.,   The steering committee included the following:, Ishitsuka Takao , Fujimoto Shigeru , Ibayashi Setsuro , Kusuda Kenji , Arakawa Shuji , Tamaki Kinya , Sadoshima Seizo , Irie Katsumi , Fujii Kenichiro , Okada Yasushi , Yasaka Masahiro , Nagao Tetsuhiko , Ooboshi Hiroaki , Omae Tsuyoshi , Toyoda Kazunori , Nakane Hiroshi , Sugimori Hiroshi , Fukuda Kenji , Matsuo Ryu , Kuroda Junya , Fukushima Yoshihisa 
Published: December 2013

Background and Purpose—
Several risk scores have been developed to predict the stroke risk after transient ischemic attack (TIA). However, the validation of these scores in different cohorts is still limited. The objective of this study was to elucidate whether these scores were able to predict short-term and long-term risks of stroke in patients with TIA.

Methods—
From the Fukuoka Stroke Registry, 693 patients with TIA were followed up for 3 years. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the hazard ratio of risk factors for stroke. The discriminatory ability of each risk score for incident stroke was estimated by using C-statistics and continuous net reclassification improvement.

Results—

The multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model revealed that dual TIA and carotid stenosis were both significant predictors for stroke after TIA, whereas abnormal diffusion-weighted image was not. ABCD3 (C-statistics 0.61) and ABCD3-I (C-statistics 0.66) scores improved the short-term predictive ability for stroke (at 7 days) compared with the ABCD2 score (C-statistics 0.54). Addition of intracranial arterial stenosis (at 3 years, continuous net reclassification improvement 30.5%;
P
<0.01) and exclusion of abnormal diffusion-weighted imaging (at 3 years, continuous net reclassification improvement 24.0%;
P
<0.05) further improved the predictive ability for stroke risk until 3 years after TIA.

Conclusions—
The present study demonstrates that ABCD3 and ABCD3-I scores are superior to the ABCD2 score for the prediction of subsequent stroke in patients with TIA. Addition of neuroimaging in the ABCD3 score may enable prediction of long-term stroke risk after TIA.
Discharge Is a Critical Time to Influence 10-Year Use of Secondary Prevention Therapies for Stroke
Authors: Thrift Amanda G. , Kim Joosup , Douzmanian Vatche , Gall Seana L. , Arabshahi Simin , Loh Michelle , Evans Roger G. 
Published: December 2013

Background and Purpose—
When optimally managed, patients with stroke are less likely to have further vascular events. We aimed to identify factors associated with optimal use of secondary prevention therapies in long-term survivors of stroke.

Methods—
We carefully documented discharge medications at baseline and self-reported use of medications at annual follow-up in the Northeast Melbourne Stroke Incidence Study (NEMESIS). We defined optimal medication use when patients reported taking (1) antihypertensive agents and (2) statin and antithrombotic agents (ischemic stroke only). Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with optimal medication use between 2 and 10 years after stroke.

Results—
We recruited 1241 patients with stroke. Optimal prescription at discharge from hospital was the most important factor associated with optimal medication use at each time point: odds ratio (OR), 32.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.6–76.1) at 2 years; OR, 7.86 (95% CI, 4.48–13.8) at 5 years (425 of 505 survivors); OR, 6.04 (95% CI, 3.18–11.5) at 7 years (326 of 390 survivors); and OR, 2.62 (95% CI, 1.19–5.77) at 10 years (256 of 293 survivors). Associations were similar in men and women. The association between optimal prescription at discharge and optimal medication use at each time point was greater in those who were not disadvantaged, particularly women.

Conclusions—
Prescription of medications at hospital discharge was the strongest predictor of ongoing medication use in survivors of stroke, even at 10 years after stroke. Ensuring that patients with stroke are discharged on optimal medications is likely to improve their long-term management, but further strategies might be required among those who are disadvantaged.
Fluorescent Molecular Peroxidation Products
Authors: Llombart Víctor , Dominguez Carmen , Bustamante Alejandro , Rodriguez-Sureda Victor , Martín-Gallán Pilar , Vilches Angel , García-Berrocoso Teresa , Penalba Anna , Hernández-Guillamon Mar , Rubiera Marta , Ribó Marc , Eschenfelder Christoph , Giralt Dolors , Molina Carlos A. , Alvarez-Sabín José , Rosell Anna , Montaner Joan 
Published: December 2013

Background and Purpose—
Fluorescent molecular peroxidation products (FMPPs) are considered potential markers of molecular oxidative damage and may provoke increased permeability and disruption of the blood–brain barrier. This study aimed to determine the value of FMPPs as a biomarker to predict neurological worsening related to early hemorrhagic transformation.

Methods—
Baseline FMPP levels were measured in 186 consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients before tissue plasminogen activator treatment was administered. A serial FMPP profile (baseline before tissue plasminogen activator treatment, and 1, 2, 12, and 24 hours from treatment) was determined in a subset of 100 patients. Computed tomographic scans were performed at admission and repeated at 24 to 48 hours or after neurological worsening occurred. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage was defined as blood at any site in the brain associated with neurological deterioration.

Results—

Patients who worsened had higher median FMPP levels compared with those who did not (59.68 [48.63–85.73] versus 44.87 [36.37–58.90] Uf/mL;
P
=0.035) at baseline. After logistic regression multivariate analysis, FMPP >48.2 Uf/mL together with age, hypertension, and systolic blood pressure remained baseline predictors of worsening at 48 hours. Moreover, baseline FMPP determination helped to distinguish between patients who worsened and those who did not (Integrated Discrimination Improvement index, 5.7%;
P
=0.0004). Finally, within patients who had worsened at 48 hours, those with symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage had higher FMPP levels (
P
=0.038).

Conclusions—
FMPPs might be a valuable biomarker of poor early neurological outcome and be related to the appearance of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in tissue plasminogen activator–treated patients, one of the most feared neurological complications after thrombolytic treatment of acute ischemic stroke.
Evaluating the Accuracy of a High-Resolution Model Simulation through Comparison with MODIS Observations
Authors: Lee Yong-Keun , Otkin Jason A. , Greenwald Thomas J. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractSynthetic infrared brightness temperatures (BTs) derived from a high-resolution Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulation over the contiguous United States are compared with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) observations to assess the accuracy of the model-simulated cloud field. A sophisticated forward radiative transfer model (RTM) is used to compute the synthetic MODIS observations. A detailed comparison of synthetic and real MODIS 11-μm BTs revealed that the model simulation realistically depicts the spatial characteristics of the observed cloud features. Brightness temperature differences (BTDs) computed for 8.5–11 and 11–12 μm indicate that the combined numerical model–RTM system realistically treats the radiative properties associated with optically thin cirrus clouds. For instance, much larger 11–12-μm BTDs occurred within thin clouds surrounding optically thicker, mesoscale cloud features. Although the simulated and observed BTD probability distributions for optically thin cirrus clouds had a similar range of positive values, the synthetic 11-μm BTs were much colder than observed. Previous studies have shown that MODIS cloud optical thickness values tend to be too large for thin cirrus clouds, which contributed to the apparent cold BT bias in the simulated thin cirrus clouds. Errors are substantially reduced after accounting for the observed optical thickness bias, which indicates that the thin cirrus clouds are realistically depicted during the model simulation.
Global Patterns of Mesoscale Eddy Properties and Diffusivities
Authors: Klocker Andreas , Abernathey Ryan 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Mesoscale eddies play a major role in the transport of tracers in the ocean. Focusing on a sector in the east Pacific, the authors present estimates of eddy diffusivities derived from kinematic tracer simulations using satellite-observed velocity fields. Meridional diffusivities are diagnosed, and how they are related to eddy properties through the mixing length formulation of Ferrari and Nikurashin, which accounts for the suppression of diffusivity due to eddy propagation relative to the mean flow, is shown. The uniqueness of this study is that, through systematically varying the zonal-mean flow, a hypothetical “unsuppressed” diffusivity is diagnosed. At a given latitude, the unsuppressed diffusivity occurs when the zonal-mean flow equals the eddy phase speed. This provides an independent estimate of eddy phase propagation, which agrees well with theoretical arguments. It is also shown that the unsuppressed diffusivity is predicted very well by classical mixing length theory, that is, that it is proportional to the rms eddy velocity times the observed eddy size, with a spatially constant mixing efficiency of 0.35. Then, the suppression factor is estimated and it is shown that it too can be understood quantitatively in terms of easily observed mean flow properties. The authors then extrapolate from these sector experiments to the global scale, making predictions for the global surface eddy diffusivity. Together with a prognostic equation for eddy kinetic energy and a theory explaining observed eddy sizes, these concepts could potentially be used in a closure for eddy diffusivities in coarse-resolution ocean climate models.
Scanning ARM Cloud Radars. Part I: Operational Sampling Strategies
Authors: Kollias Pavlos , Bharadwaj Nitin , Widener Kevin , Jo Ieng , Johnson Karen 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
The acquisition of scanning cloud radars by the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program and research institutions around the world generates the need for developing operational scan strategies for cloud radars. Here, the first generation of sampling strategies for the scanning ARM cloud radars (SACRs) is presented. These scan strategies are designed to address the scientific objectives of ARM; however, they introduce an initial framework for operational scanning cloud radars. While the weather community uses scan strategies that are based on a sequence of scans at constant elevations, the SACR scan strategies are based on a sequence of scans at constant azimuth. This is attributed to the cloud geometrical properties, which are vastly different from the rain and snow shafts that are the primary targets of precipitation radars; the need to cover the cone of silence; and the scanning limitations of the SACRs. A “cloud surveillance” scan strategy is introduced that is based on a sequence of horizon-to-horizon range–height indicator (RHI) scans that sample the hemispherical sky (HS) every 30° azimuth (HSRHI). The HSRHI scan strategy is complimented with a low-elevation plan position indicator (PPI) scan. The HSRHI and PPI are repeated every 30 min to provide a static view of the cloud conditions around the SACR location. Between the HSRHI and PPI scan strategies, other scan strategies are introduced depending on the cloud conditions. In the future, information about the atmospheric cloud state will be used in a closed-loop process to optimize the selection of the SACR scan strategy.
The Evolution of Convective Storms Initiated by an Isolated Mountain Ridge
Authors: Soderholm Brett , Ronalds Bryn , Kirshbaum Daniel J. 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
The evolution of convective storms over the Black Hills, an isolated mountain ridge in South Dakota and Wyoming and a regional convection hotspot, is investigated using a 10-yr observational climatology and quasi-idealized numerical simulations. Radar-observed diurnally forced mountain-convection events are classified according to their maximum cell-track length and duration, which are quantified using an automated cell-tracking algorithm. Environmental conditions during these events are obtained from operational radiosonde and model-analysis data. These data suggest that mountain-forced convective cells generally struggle to survive in the convectively inhibited flow downwind of the Black Hills. Those cells that do survive downwind prefer environments with strong bulk vertical shear over the 0–6-km layer, which favors organized multicellular or supercellular convection. Under slightly weaker shear, the cells tend to dissipate rapidly as they propagate downwind. Relatively weak winds aloft, when coupled with low-level winds aligned with the long terrain axis, support longer-lived, quasi-stationary cells with flash-flooding potential. The weak winds favor slow cell propagation while the along-ridge flow limits the negative feedbacks of storm outflow on the elevated convergence over the ridge, allowing convection to repeatedly initiate in the same location. The storm evolution is relatively insensitive to the background thermodynamic profile, provided that sufficient moist instability exists to support deep convection. Convection-permitting numerical simulations reinforce that changes in the background wind profile alone can explain the observed variations in cell evolution. They also suggest that the longevity of convective cells downwind of the ridge is sensitive to terrain-induced modifications to the vertical wind shear.
Facilitating a teleconference-delivered fatigue management program: Perspectives of occupational therapists
Authors: Dunleavy Leah , Preissner Katharine L. , Finlayson Marcia L. 
Published: December 2013

Background. Telehealth. refers to the provision of health information and services across a geographical distance. Little is known about the experiences of occupational therapists using this method of service delivery. Purpose. The study explored the process of facilitating a telehealth intervention from the perspective of occupational therapists. Method. Occupational therapists completed SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan) notes after facilitating group-based, teleconference-delivered fatigue management groups to people with multiple sclerosis. Notes were also documented after therapist team meetings. All SOAP notes and field notes were subjected to thematic analysis. Findings. Five major themes were identified. “Managing time” was the central theme and was facilitated by professional foundation and challenged by logistics. Managing time contributed to challenging work, which led to the realization that it can work! Implications. Based on study findings, the theory and research on clinical reasoning, professional development, and adult learning are relevant to developing curricula that prepare occupational therapists for using telehealth approaches in practice.
What do we really know about infants who attend Accident and Emergency departments?
Authors: Heys Michelle , Kwong Ho-Ming , Reed Jo , Blair Mitch 
Published: December 2013

Aims: Accident and Emergency attendances continue to rise. Infants are disproportionately represented. This study examines the clinical reasons infants attend UK Accident and Emergency departments. Methods: A retrospective review of 6,667 infants aged less than one year attending Accident and Emergency at two district general hospitals in London from 1st April 2009 to 30th March 2010. All infants had been assigned to a diagnostic category by the medical coding department according to National Health Service (NHS) data guidelines, based on the clinical diagnoses stated in the medical records. The Accident and Emergency case notes of a random subsample of 10% of infants in each of the top five recorded diagnostic categories ( n = 535) were reviewed in detail and audited against the standard national NHS data set. Results: The top 5 clinical diagnoses were ‘infectious diseases’, ‘gastrointestinal’, ‘respiratory’, ‘unclassifiable’ and ‘no abnormality detected’ (NAD). A third of infants were originally given a diagnosis of unclassifiable (21.5%) or NAD (11.5%). After detailed case-note review, we were able to reduce this to 9.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 9.0, 10.4) and 8.8% (95% CI: 8.1, 9.5), respectively. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the importance of providing a clear clinical diagnosis and coding system for Accident and Emergency attendances and understanding that system fully. This would allow for better informed health service evaluation, planning and research as each of these relies on the interpretation of routine health-care data. Furthermore, the relatively high proportion (10%) of infants attending with no discernible underlying medical abnormality suggests the health needs of a significant proportion of infants attending Accident and Emergency departments may be better addressed by alternative service provision and/or improved education and support to parents.
Exosomes from red blood cell units bind to monocytes and induce proinflammatory cytokines, boosting T-cell responses in vitro
Authors: Danesh Ali , Inglis Heather C. , Jackman Rachael P. , Wu Shiquan , Deng Xutao , Muench Marcus O. , Heitman John W. , Norris Philip J. 
Published: December 2013

Key PointsExosomes in blood are proinflammatory and may contribute to transfusion-related immune modulation. Exosomes act via antigen-presenting cells to potentiate T-cell survival and mitogen-induced proliferation.