bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Access to primary care and mortality in excess for patients with cancer in France: Results from 21 French Cancer Registries
Authors: Gardy Joséphine , Wilson Sarah , Guizard Anne‐Valérie , Bouvier Véronique , Launay Ludivine , Alves Arnaud , Bara Simona , Bouvier Anne‐Marie , Coureau Gaëlle , Cowppli‐Bony Anne , Dabakuyo Yonli Sandrine , Daubisse‐Marliac Laëtitia , Defossez Gautier , Hammas Karima , Hure Florent , Jooste Valérie , Lapotre‐Ledoux Bénédicte , Nousbaum Jean‐Baptiste , Plouvier Sandrine , Seigneurin Arnaud , Tretarre Brigitte , Vigneron Nicolas , Woronoff Anne‐Sophie , Launoy Guy , Molinie Florence , Bryere Joséphine , Dejardin Olivier 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe impact of geographical accessibility on cancer survival has been investigated in few studies, with most research focusing on access to reference care centers, using overall mortality and limited to specific cancer sites. This study aims to examine the association of access to primary care with mortality in excess of patients with the 10 most frequent cancers in France, while controlling for socioeconomic deprivation.MethodsThis study included a total of 151,984 cases diagnosed with the 10 most common cancer sites in 21 French cancer registries between 2013 and 2015. Access to primary care was estimated using two indexes: the Accessibilité Potentielle Localisée index (access to general practitioners) and the Scale index (access to a range of primary care clinicians). Mortality in excess was modelized using an additive framework based on expected mortality based on lifetables and observed mortality.FindingsPatients living in areas with less access to primary care had a greater mortality in excess for some very common cancer sites like breast (women), lung (men), liver (men and women), and colorectal cancer (men), representing 46% of patients diagnosed in our sample. The maximum effect was found for breast cancer; the excess hazard ratio was estimated to be 1.69 (95% CI, 1.20–2.38) 1 year after diagnosis and 2.26 (95% CI, 1.07–4.80) 5 years after diagnosis.InterpretationThis study revealed that this differential access to primary care was associated with mortality in excess for patients with cancer and should become a priority for health policymakers to reduce these inequalities in health care accessibility.
Clonal hematopoiesis and solid tumor risk: New insights from the Women’s Health Initiative
Authors: Shah Nehali , Takahashi Koichi 
Published: August 2024

The study by Desai et al. explores the independent effects of clonal hematopoiesis (CH) and mosaic chromosomal alterations on the risk and mortality of solid tumors in postmenopausal women, revealing significant associations with breast cancer risk and colorectal cancer mortality. Their findings underscore the context‐dependent nature of CH's impact on cancer, highlighting the need for further investigation into the mechanisms and potential interventions targeting CH to mitigate cancer risk.
Enhanced conflict‐aware iterated integer linear programming for IEEE 802.1Qbv Time‐Sensitive Network scheduling
Authors: Kerem Özkan Aziz , Cevher Selçuk 
Published: August 2024

SummaryDeterministic communication plays a crucial role for real‐time distributed embedded systems by guaranteeing a low end‐to‐end delay and minimal jitter. Conflict‐aware iterated ILP‐based scheduling (IIS) is an incremental approach to enhance the scalability of single‐shot ILP computation to solve the computationally hard Qbv‐compliant offline scheduling problem for IEEE 802.1 Time‐Sensitive Networking (TSN). Taking into account the conflicting demands of the streams, IIS computes no‐wait schedules by dividing the set of streams into disjoint partitions, each of which is incrementally scheduled by an ILP solver. In this work, defining the no‐wait communication constraints for TSN scheduling, we propose a novel iterated scheduling approach, namely, O‐IIS, with a backtracking mechanism and partial solution support extending the conventional IIS procedure. O‐IIS relies on an ordering strategy to determine the order in which the constructed partitions will be processed by an ILP solver. We evaluate the performance of our approach in terms of schedulability success rate and schedule synthesis time using various network topologies and different partitioning schemes to construct the partitions. The evaluation results show that our approach provides significantly better scheduling performance compared to the existing work in the literature.
Programmable curvilinear self‐propelling of droplets without preset channels
Authors: Feng Shile , Hou Yongping , Zheng Yongmei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCurvilinear self‐propelling of droplets has attracted great interest in the past few decades due to their irreplaceable roles in many areas. Conventional understanding is that a droplet moves only along a preset channel formed by morphology or chemical components. Achieving programmable curvilinear droplet motion independent of a preset channel remains greatly challenging. Here, we report a programmable curvilinear self‐propelling of droplets (circle, divergence, and convergence) based on the collaboration of the curvilinear wetting gradient and the Leidenfrost effect. This design achieves motion trajectory in a well‐controlled manner as well as high velocity and long distance of droplet transport independent of the preset channel. Moreover, the motion behaviors of droplets could be predicted accurately by theoretic simulation. We envision that our unique design could manifest extensive practical applications in fluidic devices, liquid transport, and heat transfer systems.
Ratiometric Fluorescence Depending on In/Out Isomerism of Host‐Guest Conjugate Having a Fluorosolvatochromic Dye
Authors: Tsutsumi Taiyou , Miyazaki Takaaki , Fujita Takahiro , Watanabe Takumi , Hayashida Osamu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHost‐guest conjugate is a promising strategy for providing outstanding molecules. Herein, we designed host‐guest conjugate HG1, which comprises a hydrophilic host unit, tetraaza[2.2.1.2.2.1]paracyclophane CPX2 with a microhydrophobic cavity, and a guest unit, 2,3‐naphthalimide fused with two benzothiophenes G1 exhibiting fluorosolvatochromism, linked with an oxyethylene chain. HG1 initially showed a fluorescence band at 585 nm in MeOH/H2O (1/499 v/v); however, this band decreased with time, and instead, a new band at 430 nm appeared. The CIE chromaticity diagram showed that the fluorescent color changed from yellow‐orange to blue via white. NMR analysis of HG1 in methanol‐d4 exhibited different signals of the G1 unit between the blue and yellow fluorescent structures. The blue fluorescent structures showed asymmetrical signals assigned as the G1 unit, affected by the cavity environment of the CPX2 unit. Consequently, HG1 can form two conformations: In‐form and Out‐form. In In‐form, the G1 unit is inside the hydrophobic cavity of the CPX2 unit and shows blue fluorescence. In Out‐form, the G1 unit is outside the CPX2 unit and shows yellow fluorescence in an aqueous solvent. Therefore, HG1 performs as a ratiometric fluorophore depending on the in/out isomerism of the host‐guest conjugate.
Utilization of Hypervalent Bonds as a Novel Strategy for Manipulating Energy Levels of π‐Conjugated Systems
Authors: Gon Masayuki , Tanaka Kazuo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe unique optical properties created by the combination of azobenzene‐based π‐conjugated systems and hypervalent bonds are summarized. The hypervalent bond, a polarized three‐center four‐electron (3c−4e) bond, simultaneously provides electron‐donating and ‐withdrawing effects to the directly attached π‐conjugated system. The resulting hypervalent compounds have a dramatically narrow energy gap showing near‐infrared (NIR) emission despite the limited size of π‐conjugated systems. In addition, the hypervalent compounds also exhibit stimuli‐responsive chromism through the reversible coordination‐number shift of the central main‐group elements in both crystals and π‐conjugated polymer films. We also explain that the nature of hypervalent bonds depends on the element type, which is particularly effective in bringing out the properties of heavy elements. In this review, we describe that the use of hypervalent bonds is a novel strategy not only for manipulating the energy levels of the π‐conjugated system but also for developing a variety of functional materials based on the newly rising properties from hypervalent element.
Cyanide in cassava: Understanding the drivers, impacts of climate variability, and strategies for food security
Authors: Nyaika Jacinta , Abayomi Louise , Parmar Aditya , Coast Onoriode 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe consumption of cassava, a vital staple food for more than 1 billion people worldwide, holds particular significance in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). Expansion in cassava production in SSA is driven by increasing market demand, local consumption, and adaptability to diverse environments. However, cyanide concentration in cassava tubers and products across SSA ranges from 9 to 1148 ppm – most exceed the World Health Organisation's recommended safe level of 10 ppm. Such variation and high cyanide concentrations in cassava products are expected to be exacerbated by climate‐induced increases in the frequency, intensity and occurrence of drought, heat waves and biotic stresses, further jeopardising regional food security. Thus, it is essential to examine cassava production and cyanide toxicity under climate change and their implications for food security in SSA. In this review, we look at the drivers of cassava production and spatial variation in cyanide concentrations across SSA, impacts of climate variability and biotic stresses on cassava cyanide concentrations in SSA, and crop management practices for reducing cyanogenic glucosides in cassava tubers. We surmise that urgent actions are required to adopt improved cassava varieties and management strategies that reduce cassava cyanide toxicity amid climate‐induced challenges in SSA.
Structural and physicochemical characteristics of starches from sorghum varieties with varying amylose content
Authors: Yang Longping , Li Lei , Jiang Feng , Zhang Qiaoling , Yang Fan , Wang Yilin , Zhao Zhenyu , Ren Qingfan , Wang Li 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSix sorghum varieties containing different amylose were selected to investigate the structural and physicochemical characteristics of starches and endosperm texture of grains. The results showed that the outer layer endosperm of sorghum grain changed from waxy to corneous, and its starch granules were more compactly packed and exhibited the spindle‐shaped holes with the increase of amylose content. Higher amylose starch granules exhibited fewer and smaller micropores on the surface and were more likely to deform and agglomerate into larger amorphous particles after heated. Amylose content of sorghum starches was negatively correlated to granule size, relative crystallinity, and the proportion of the long branch chains (DP = 25–36 and > 36), whereas positively correlated to the proportion of the short branch chains (DP = 6–12 and 13–24). Amylose content had negative correlations with To, Tp, ΔH, PV, and SDS (p < .05), positive corrections with FV, SB, and RDS (p < .05), and no correlations with Tc, HPV, BD, and RS. It could be concluded that amylose content affected the endosperm texture of sorghum grain and had strong correlations with structural and physicochemical properties of sorghum starch. These findings may help identify uses for these sorghum varieties in baijiu production.
Eucommia ulmoides extract regulates oxidative stress to maintain calcium homeostasis and improve diabetic osteoporosis
Authors: Shen Jie , Gao Yichen , Deng Yuyao , Xia Zhaoxin , Wang Xia , He Xianyi , He Yun , Yang Binbin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDiabetic osteoporosis (DOP) is a secondary disease that severely affects the health and quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to explore the bone protective effect of aqueous extract of Eucommia ulmoides (EUL) in DOP mice. DOP mice were established using a high‐sugar, high‐fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ) (35 mg/kg for three consecutive days), and the EUL aqueous extract (2.5 g/kg/day) was orally administered for 6 weeks. The serum levels of oxidative stress‐related factors, calcium, and phosphorus were assessed using biochemical assays. The osteoprotective effect of EUL was assessed using micro‐computer tomography, three‐point bending assay, histological analysis, and immunoblotting. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed to detect the expression levels of calcium transport channel factors in the kidney and small intestine tissues. Furthermore, the expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) in the femur, kidney, and small intestine tissues were detected using western blotting and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. EUL aqueous extract reduced blood glucose levels, increased body weight, and relieved symptoms in DOP mice (p < .05). It also increased bone mineral density, improved the bone microstructure, decreased the number of femoral osteoclasts, and increased the expression of femoral Runx2 and Bmp2 in DOP mice (p < .01). After 6 weeks of EUL aqueous extract administration, serum levels of SOD, CTA, calcium, and phosphorus were upregulated, whereas MDA levels were decreased (p < .01). The aqueous EUL extract also upregulated the expression of TRPV5, PMCA‐1b, and CaBP‐9 k in the kidney and small intestine of DOP mice (p < .01). Furthermore, the expression of Nrf2 and HO‐1 in the kidney, small intestine, and femur tissues was increased (p < .01). EUL aqueous extract reduced blood glucose levels in DOP mice and regulated oxidative stress through the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway, thereby maintaining calcium homeostasis and ultimately improving bone quality. Our study suggested that EUL aqueous extract may be effective in the treatment of DOP.
Effects of using pomegranate peel, beet leaf, and broccoli flower extracts on oxidative stability and physicochemical properties of cooked ground beef during refrigerated storage
Authors: Şimşek Sevgi , Kılıç Birol 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPlant extracts gained attention in the meat industry for their role in preventing microbial growth and oxidative deterioration. Antioxidant efficiency of various ratios (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1%) of ethanolic or methanolic pomegranate peel (PP), beet leaf (BL), and broccoli flower (BF) extracts on cooked ground beef was investigated during refrigerated storage. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), lipid hydroperoxide (LPO), p‐anisidine, cooking loss (CL), pH, and color analysis were performed. Results revealed that CL increased (p < .05) with 0.5 and 1% PE or 1% BF extracts, whereas no CL change was observed in other extract applications. Although using 0.5% and 1% of ethanolic or methanolic PP extracts caused lower pH than control (p < .05), no pH difference was found among other treatments. L* values were not affected by extract applications, whereas a* decreased and increased with PP and BL extract addition, respectively (p < .05). Meantime, a* values decreased and b* values increased by elevation in extract ratio (p < .05). In terms of solvent impact, methanolic PP and ethanolic BL extracts caused higher b* (p < .05), whereas no difference in b* was obtained between ethanolic or methanolic BL extracts. TBARS, LPO, and p‐anisidine analysis revealed that the highest lipid oxidation was obtained in control (p < .05). PP extract treatments exhibited the lowest lipid oxidation (p < .05). Lipid oxidation gradually increased in control and all extract‐incorporated samples during storage (p < .05). In extract‐incorporated samples, lipid oxidation decreased with increasing the extract ratio (p < .05). Lipid oxidation was inhibited more by all incorporation ratios for each tested extract compared to control (p < .05). Moreover, using 0.125% PP, 0.5% BL, or 1% BF extracts was more effective in lipid oxidation inhibition than BHT (p < .05). It may be concluded that PP, BL, and BF extracts may be utilized by the meat processors to achieve prolonged shelf life and improved quality features.
Characterization of some physicochemical, textural, and antioxidant properties of muffins fortified with hydrolyzed whey protein
Authors: Bekiroglu Hatice , Karaman Safa , Bozkurt Fatih , Sagdic Osman 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhey protein hydrolysates, derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of whey protein isolates or concentrates, offer enhanced bioavailability and solubility compared to intact whey protein. In this study, whey protein hydrolysates (WPHs) having different hydrolysis degrees (5%, 10%, and 15%) were produced and muffin cakes were enriched with the addition of WPHs. In general, the addition of WPHs showed a significant effect on oil and protein content while the emulsion activity was improved with the increased hydrolysis degree (HD). The degree of hydrolysis increment resulted in a significant increase in both antioxidant power and antiradical activity of the WPHs. Ferric‐reducing antioxidant power and ABTS radical scavenging activity ranged between 18.83–87.27 mg TE/100 g and 211.8–5063.1 mg TE/100 g, respectively. The highest FRAP and ABTS values were recorded for the 15% HD while the lowest was for the native whey protein isolate (WPI). The induction periods giving a clear information for the oxidative stability were 1593 min for the control muffins, and it was 1654 for the muffin added with WPI. Rheological data revealed that all cake batter samples including WPHs showed viscoelastic behavior. WPHs could be efficiently used in muffin formulation to increase the biofunctional effects of the final products.
Institutional Quality in Green and Digital Transition of EU Regions – A Recovery and Resilience Analysis
Authors: Bănică Alexandru , Ţigănaşu Ramona , Nijkamp Peter , Kourtit Karima 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper assesses the National Recovery and Resilience Plans (NRRPs) of EU member states and regions to uncover commonalities and differences between green and digital transitions, focusing on the role of institutions, among additional socio‐economic drivers, in modeling them. To that end, relevant indicators have been assembled, and several econometric models have been developed and tested to evaluate institutional performance in relation to green and digital transformations. The study reveals discrepancies in the two explored transition fields and highlights the power of institutional factors in boosting them. Specifically, the findings demonstrate that the green transition in EU regions is positively associated with variables such as life expectancy, institutional quality, tertiary education attainment, and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) with innovative activities, while the fruits of digitalization are mainly allied to population with higher studies, core creative class employment, accountability of institutions, and innovative SMEs. These insights offer valuable guidance for decision‐makers to draw lessons from high‐performing or successful regions and strategically assign resources. This includes paying attention to regional financial allocations and their alignment with territorial planning and long‐term policies.
Early‐onset scoliosis in children aged 4–7 years in Nanjing, China: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Song Jun , Rui Hong‐xin , Xie Ya‐chun , Wang Yan , Li Ting , Chi Xia , Tong Mei‐lin , Lin Feng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the potential variance in the prevalence of early‐onset scoliosis among children aged 4–7 years and analyze the influencing factors. The goal was to establish a crucial reference point for monitoring and evaluating spinal curvature development in preschoolers, ultimately to reduce the occurrence of adverse health outcomes.MethodsChildren aged 4–7 years within the main urban area of Nanjing were selected using a stratified random sampling method. A team of four senior therapists conducted screenings for spinal curvature among children using visual inspection, the Adams forward bending test, and an electronic scoliometer to measure the angle of trunk rotation (ATR) and identify children displaying signs of scoliosis. Children with suspected scoliosis in the initial screening underwent X‐ray Cobb angle assessment for confirmation. The prevalence of early‐onset scoliosis was then determined from the screening results. R version 4.2.0 software was used to analyze the factors associated with scoliosis among children using partial least squares structural equation modeling.ResultsA total of 2281 children were included in this study, consisting of 1211 boys and 1070 girls, with a mean age of 5.44 ± 0.81 years (ranging from 4 to 7 years). Among them, 7.58% exhibited positive signs of scoliosis, 5.87% had early‐onset scoliosis, and the positive predictive value was 77.5%. Significant differences in ATR were observed among children in different age groups (Kruskal–Wallis = 15, p = 0.0104) and by sex (t = 3.17, p = 0.00153). Significant variations in ATR were noted in children with scoliosis (t = −22.7, p < 0.001), with a cutoff at ATR = 4.5°, and auxiliary values of 0.947 and 0.990. Children diagnosed with early‐onset scoliosis generally exhibited lower body mass index values, with a statistically significant difference (t = 2.99, p = 0.003).ConclusionsUsing visual inspection, the Adams test, and an electronic scoliometer to measure the ATR, the present triad method is more sensitive for early scoliosis screening in children with abnormal posture aged 4–7 years. A full spine X‐ray is advised in children with an ATR over 4.5° and poor posture.
Dimensions of hospital resilience emphasized during the COVID‐19 pandemic response: A systematic review
Authors: Atighechian Golrokh , Rahimi Alireza , Sattari Mohammad , Mohammadi Mahan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesHospitals must maintain their effective operations during and after disasters. Due to the current increase in disasters, hospital resilience has drawn scholarly attention. This study aimed to review studies on the changes in the definition of hospital resilience after COVID‐19, build a conceptual framework for careful measurement, and identify the main dimensions of hospital resilience emphasized during the COVID‐19 pandemic.DesignThe initial phase of this study was a systematic review of articles published before the COVID‐19 pandemic to extract the hospital resilience‐related dimensions for the second phase. The second phase involved text‐mining articles published both before and after the emergence of COVID‐19.SettingIn the systematic review phase, 12 databases were searched from 2006 to January 2020, including Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE through PubMed, Embase, ERIC, ProQuest, the Cochrane Library, Emerald, Springer, Science Direct/ELSEVIER, Google Scholar, and SID (for Persian language papers). Then, after COVID‐19, articles published in these databases between January 2020 and May 2022 were evaluated using text mining.ResultDuring the systematic phase, 17 out of 1530 papers published before COVID‐19 were synthesized to collect components of hospital disaster resilience. These identified components were the inputs for the text‐mining phase. The text mining on pre‐COVID papers resulted in six clusters, with the highest weight (0.65) belonging to general resilience and disaster preparedness, while in the post‐COVID text mining phase, including 70 papers, 8 clusters have been identified, with the highest weight cluster (0.78) focusing on the mental and psychological aspects of resilience among healthcare workers.ConclusionFollowing the COVID pandemic, scholarly attention has shifted to the more personal dimensions of hospital resilience, including psychological resiliency. It seems necessary for policymakers to focus more on the individual and psychological resilience of hospital staff.