bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Zealand consumers’ perceptions of private insurance for pharmaceuticals
Authors: Ragupathy Rajan , Babar Zaheer-ud-Din , Mirza Wasif , Daiya Mitali , Chandra Himesh , Yousif Ali , Girn Maninder 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Private insurance plays a minor role in paying for pharmaceuticals in New Zealand, despite controversy about access through the public health system. The present study examines New Zealand consumers’ perceptions of private insurance for pharmaceuticals. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 433 consumers at thirty pharmacies. The questionnaire included 18 questions on demographics, insurance status, perceptions of private insurance for pharmaceuticals and confidence in the public health system. Forty six percent of respondents had private health insurance. Respondents were more likely to have private health insurance as household income increased, and confidence in the public health system decreased. (Over two thirds of respondents were either confident or very confident in the public health system). Nineteen percent had private health insurance for pharmaceuticals, and the likelihood was not affected by household income or confidence in the public health system. Sixty one percent believed private insurance for pharmaceuticals would increase availability and affordability of pharmaceuticals. However, just over half were willing to pay for private insurance for pharmaceuticals. Of these, over two thirds were only willing to pay $20 per year or less. New Zealand pharmacy consumers’ willingness to pay for private insurance for pharmaceuticals is very low.
Virtual screening for angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from Phascolosoma esculenta
Authors: Liu Yalan , Zhang Lujia , Guo Mingrong , Wu Hongxi , Xie Jingli , Wei Dongzhi 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Background
Many short peptides have proved to exhibit potential anti-hypertensive activity through the inhibition of the Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and the regulation of blood pressure. However, the traditional experimental screening method for ACE inhibitory peptides is time consuming and costly, accompanied with the limitations as incomplete hydrolysis and peptides loss during purification process. Virtual methods with the aid of computer can break such bottle-neck of experimental work. In this study, an attempt was made to establish a library of di- and tri-peptides derived from proteins of Phascolosoma esculenta, a kind of seafood, through BIOPEP (http://www.uwm.edu.pl/biochemia/index.php/pl/biopep), and to screen highly active ACE inhibitory peptides by molecular docking with the help of LibDock module of Discovery Studio 3.5 software.

Results
Two hundred and eighty four (284) di- and tri-peptides, derived from P. esculenta proteins after a virtual hydrolysis with pepsin, trypsin and a mixture of pepsin and trypsin, were predicted to possess ACE inhibitory activity, among which there are 99 ACE inhibitory peptides with estimated IC50 less than 50 μM. Nine peptides were synthesized for the comparison between the estimated and the experimentally determined IC50. The results indicated that errors between the estimated and measured log(1/IC50) are all less than 1.0 unit.

Conclusions
Virtual method for peptide library construction and ACE inhibitory peptides screening efficiently demonstrated that P. esculenta proteins are prospect resource for food-origin ACE inhibitory peptide.
The role of the HCA in sexual health services
Authors: Meek James , Brittain Debbie , Dunnett Kaisha 
Published: October 2014

The healthcare assistant (HCA) in sexual health services has a varying role, including chaperoning, sexual history-taking, clinical skills in venepuncture or swab taking and finally pregnancy testing. The role differs from one sexual health service to another and so does the level of training and development that the HCA receives. This article presents a review of the literature and the future training and development opportunities available to the HCA in order to progress in a career within sexual health services.
Foundation degree, a pathway to practice, 1/2: mentors are magic
Authors: Matthews David , Bedson Lynne 
Published: October 2014

Influenced by various political and economic factors, one of the defining features of the NHS over the past decade has been the growth of the healthcare support worker (HCSW). However, it is the case that official HCSW training programmes are in their infancy. This two-part article, written from the perspective of three lecturers who teach on a foundation degree in Wales to train HCSWs, seeks to illustrate what is involved and what students may expect from their time of study on a bespoke training programme, and how their role complements those of registered professionals. In part one of this two-part article, the relationship students experience with their mentors will be explored, illustrating its significance during the training process. Following this, as the demographic evidence suggests that many HCSWs have not been in higher education previously, the nature of higher education will be illustrated, focusing specifically on those transferable skills that are relevant for both academic success and successful practice. Part two will build upon this, demonstrating some of the more content-specific knowledge associated with the course, enabling students to both enhance already existing knowledge and to acquire more academically orientated knowledge essential for future practice.
Von Informationskompetenzschulungen zur Persönlichen Wissensstrategie: ganzheitlicher Ansatz zum lebenslangen Lernen
Authors: Wittich Anke 
Published: October 2014

Zusammenfassung:
Hochschulbibliotheken in Deutschland wenden umfangreiche personelle Ressourcen auf, um Studierende im Studienverlauf zur Informationskompetenz zu schulen. Dennoch bleibt der Erfolg dieser Schulungen hinter den Erwartungen zurück. Im Anschluss an das Studium bewegen sich die Absolventen in organisatorischen Informationswelten. Andere Informationsressourcen erfordern ein Umdenken in der Informationsbeschaffung. Damit diese Umstellung gelingt und Informationskompetenz schon in der Studienzeit zielgerichtet aufgebaut wird, sollte der Ausgangspunkt zur Informationssuche bei der Aufgabendefinition und der Bestimmung des Informationsbedarfs liegen, worin ebenfalls der Ausgangspunkt der persönlichen Wissensstrategie im organisatorischen Kontext zu sehen ist.
Application Service Providing (ASP) für SISIS-Sunrise-Lokalsysteme im Bibliotheksverbund Bayern: ein Anwenderbericht
Authors: Karl Lothar , Pieruschka Thomas 
Published: October 2014

Zusammenfassung:
Die Verbundzentrale des Bibliotheksverbundes Bayern bietet Bibliotheken mit SISIS-Sunrise-Lokalsystem ein Application Service Providing an. Dargestellt werden wesentliche Aspekte dieses Services aus Sicht und Erfahrung einer Anwenderbibliothek, der Universitätsbibliothek der Universität der Bundeswehr München.
Organic, Flexible, Polymer Composites for High-Temperature Piezoelectric Applications
Authors: Baur Cary , Zhou Yuan , Sipes Justin , Priya Shashank , Voit Walter 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIndustrial use of piezoelectric polymers is currently limited by low piezoelectric response and large performance losses at elevated operating temperatures. Leading polymers such as poly(vinylidene fluoride) and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) possess piezoelectric d
Comparative Analysis of One-Dimensional and Two-Dimensional Cantilever Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters
Authors: Sharpes Nathan , Abdelkefi Abdessattar , Priya Shashank 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA long-standing encumbrance in the design of low-frequency energy harvesters has been the need of substantial beam length and/or large tip mass values to reach the low resonance frequencies where significant energy can be harvested from the ambient vibration sources. This need of large length and tip mass may result in a device that is too large to be practical. The zigzag (meandering) beam structure has emerged as a solution to this problem. In this letter, we provide comparative analysis between the classical one-dimensional cantilever bimorph and the two-dimensional zigzag unimorph piezoelectric energy harvesters. The results demonstrate that depending upon the excitation frequency, the zigzag harvester is significantly better in terms of magnitude of natural frequency, harvested power, and power density, compared to the cantilever configuration. The dimensions were chosen for each design such that the zigzag structure would have 25.4×25.4 mm
Differences in use and function of verbal irony between real and fictional discourse: (mis)interpretation and irony blindness
Authors: Kapogianni Eleni 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis paper presents a contrastive approach to the presence of two distinct types of verbal irony in real (natural, unscripted) versus fictional (scripted) discourse, with a special focus on irony blindness, i.e. the inability to recognize ironic utterances. Irony strategies are categorized into two general types, based on the relationship between the expressed and the intended meaning (Type 1: meaning reversal and Type 2: meaning replacement). First, the differences between these two types are discussed in terms of use, interpretation, and misinterpretation. It is found that the first type of irony strongly prevails in natural discourse, while the second type is considerably more present in fictional discourse than it is in natural discourse. At the same time, the first type of irony appears to be more at risk of misinterpretation in natural discourse, as opposed to the second type, which seems to be a safer (even though less frequently selected) option. These findings are then further analyzed in light of the discussion concerning fictional (comedic, in particular) irony blindness and the construction and role of the irony-blind characters. Interestingly, the causes of fictional irony blindness are found to correlate more strongly with the (more humorous) misinterpretation of the second type of irony.
On nonlinear mixed fractional integrodifferential equations with
nonlocal condition in Banach spaces
Authors: Kendre S. D. , Kharat V. V. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In the present paper we investigate the existence and uniqueness
of solutions of nonlinear mixed fractional integrodifferential
equations with nonlocal condition in Banach spaces. The technique
used in our analysis is based on fixed point
theorems and Pachpatte's integral inequality.
Can routine laboratory parameters predict adverse pregnancy outcomes in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?
Authors: Oztas Efser , Erkenekli Kudret , Ozler Sibel , Ersoy Ali Ozgur , Kurt Mevlut , Oztas Erkin , Uygur Dilek , Danisman Nuri 
Published: October 2014

AbstractOur aim was to investigate whether any hematological changes readily detectable by simple complete blood count (CBC), as well as fasting and postprandial total serum bile acid (SBA) levels, have diagnostic values for the prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).A prospective, case control study was carried out including 217 pregnant women (117 women with ICP and 100 healthy controls). The main outcome measures investigated were preterm delivery, APGAR scores, and neonatal unit admission. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the independent risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Compared with controls, women with ICP had significantly higher mean platelet volume (MPV) (mean 10.2±1.0 vs. 11.0±1.3; P<0.001) and platelet distribution width (PDW) (mean 13.1±2.3 vs. 14.7±2.8; P<0.001) values. Analysis with logistic regression revealed that the probability of preterm delivery did not increase until MPV levels exceeded 11.2 fL [odds ratio (OR)=2.68, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.13–6.32, P=0.025], and total bilirubin levels exceeded 0.6 mg/dL (OR=3.13, 95% CI=1.21–8.09, P=0.019). Considering the low APGAR scores, only increased postprandial total SBA levels of ≥51 μmol/L were found to be predictive significantly (OR=3.02, 95% CI=1.07–8.53, P=0.037).Our study suggests that increased MPV and total bilirubin levels are associated with preterm delivery, and increased postprandial total SBA levels are predictive for low APGAR in ICP patients.
Stochastic model of the 2012 PGA Tour season
Authors: Heiny Erik L. , Heiny Robert Lowell 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAn absorbing Markov chain was used to model the 2012 PGA Tour Golf Season. Expected number of steps until absorption was used to establish expected scores for different locations (fairway, primary rough, green, etc.) and distances from the hole. Strokes gained analysis was then performed to evaluate the quality of each shot hit by players on the 2012 PGA Tour. Skill rankings were developed, tradeoffs between distance and accuracy were assessed, and player strategy was analyzed for playing par 5s.
Ronald Coase, Firms and Markets
Authors: Priest George L. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
This paper will attempt to explain how Coase, from his earliest important paper, “The Nature of the Firm,” transformed his interest from firm organization, determined by transaction costs, to the influence of firm choices and individual choices – collectively, the market – on the allocation of resources, including on the efforts of governmental organizations to allocate resources. Over time, less interested in firm organization, Coase directed his work to showing how the market would invariably dominate the government with respect to the allocation of resources, limited by transaction costs. The paper will attempt to show, however, in contrast to widespread views, that there is little link between Coase’s focus on transaction costs in “The Nature of the Firm” and his subsequent attention to those costs in “The Problem of Social Cost.” The paper will include anecdotal support: I was a student of Mr. Coase for many years.
Child School Enrollment Decisions, Perceptions and Experiences of Conflict in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh
Authors: Badiuzzaman Muhammad , Murshed Syed Mansoob 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe analyze rural household children’s school enrollment decisions in a post-conflict setting in the Chittagong Hill Tracts region of Bangladesh. The innovation of the paper lies in the fact that we employ information about current subjective perceptions regarding the possibility of violence in the future and past actual experiences of violence to explain household economic decision-making. Preferences are endogenous in line with behavioral economics. Regression results show that heightened subjective perceptions of future violence and past actual experiences of conflict can increase child enrollment.
Nanoscale segregation of actin nucleation and elongation factors determines dendritic spine protrusion
Authors: Chazeau Anaël , Mehidi Amine , Nair Deepak , Gautier Jérémie J , Leduc Cécile , Chamma Ingrid , Kage Frieda , Kechkar Adel , Thoumine Olivier , Rottner Klemens , Choquet Daniel , Gautreau Alexis , Sibarita Jean‐Baptiste , Giannone Grégory 
Published: October 2014

AbstractActin dynamics drive morphological remodeling of neuronal dendritic spines and changes in synaptic transmission. Yet, the spatiotemporal coordination of actin regulators in spines is unknown. Using single protein tracking and super‐resolution imaging, we revealed the nanoscale organization and dynamics of branched F‐actin regulators in spines. Branched F‐actin nucleation occurs at the PSD vicinity, while elongation occurs at the tip of finger‐like protrusions. This spatial segregation differs from lamellipodia where both branched F‐actin nucleation and elongation occur at protrusion tips. The PSD is a persistent confinement zone for IRSp53 and the WAVE complex, an activator of the Arp2/3 complex. In contrast, filament elongators like VASP and formin‐like protein‐2 move outwards from the PSD with protrusion tips. Accordingly, Arp2/3 complexes associated with F‐actin are immobile and surround the PSD. Arp2/3 and Rac1 GTPase converge to the PSD, respectively, by cytosolic and free‐diffusion on the membrane. Enhanced Rac1 activation and Shank3 over‐expression, both associated with spine enlargement, induce delocalization of the WAVE complex from the PSD. Thus, the specific localization of branched F‐actin regulators in spines might be reorganized during spine morphological remodeling often associated with synaptic plasticity.
Construcción del espacio urbano y modelación social desde la “ciudad letrada”: Santiago, Chile (Siglos XVI-XVIII)
Authors: Gómez Alcorta Alfredo German , Prado Berlien Claudia , Ocaranza Bosio Francisco 
Published: October 2014

Este estudio aborda el problema de la representación de la ciudad colonial como escenario de jerarquización y subordinación social. Presentamos aquí la pesquisa de evidencias documentales a fin de refrendar la imagen de la ciudad como escenario de ordenamiento, coerción social y manifestaciones de alternidad. En esta búsqueda hemos utilizado referencias históricas de las Actas del Cabildo de Santiago además de la historiografía referida a este tema. Presentamos evidencias de las tensiones en la ciudad colonial referente al adoctrinamiento social, la persecución de idolatrías, su diversidad cultural, multietnicidad y marginación social en la sociedad urbana santiaguina, en un esfuerzo permanente de modelación social.Construction of urban space and social modeling from the "ciudad letrada": Santiago, Chile (XVI-XVIII Centuries)AbstractThis study approaches the problem of the representation of the colonial city as scene of hierarchical organization and social subordination. We present here the search of documentary evidence in order to countersign the image of the city as place of classification, social restriction and sub-alternity manifestations. In this search we have used historical references of the “Actas del Cabildo” of Santiago besides the historiography concerning to this topic. We present evidences of the tensions in the colonial city relating to the social indoctrination, the pursuit of “idolatrías”, his cultural diversity, multiethnicity and social marginalization in the urban society of Santiago, in a permanent effort of social modeling.Keywords: city, colonial urbanism, colonial project, urban space.
Job Loss and Unmet Health Care Needs in the Economic Recession: Different Associations by Family Income
Authors: Huang Jin , Birkenmaier Julie , Kim Youngmi 
Published: October 2014

Objectives. We examined heterogeneous associations between job loss and unmet health care needs by family income level in the recent economic recession.Methods. We conducted logistic regression analyses with the sample from the 2008 Survey of Income and Program Participation (n = 12 658). Dependent variables were 2 dichotomous measures of unmet health care needs in medical and dental services. The primary independent variables were a dummy indicator of job loss during a 2-year period and the family income-to-needs ratio. We used an interaction term between job loss and the family income-to-needs ratio to test the proposed research question.Results. Job loss was significantly associated with the increased risk of unmet health care needs. The proportion with unmet needs was highest for the lowest-income unemployed, but the association between job loss and health hardship was stronger for the middle- and higher-income unemployed.Conclusions. The unemployed experience health hardship differently by income level. A comprehensive coordination of applications for unemployment and health insurance should be considered to protect the unemployed from health hardship.
Community Socioeconomic Disadvantage and the Survival of Infants With Congenital Heart Defects
Authors: Kucik James E. , Nembhard Wendy N. , Donohue Pamela , Devine Owen , Wang Ying , Minkovitz Cynthia S. , Burke Thomas 
Published: October 2014

Objectives. We examined the association between survival of infants with severe congenital heart defects (CHDs) and community-level indicators of socioeconomic status. Methods. We identified infants born to residents of Arizona, New Jersey, New York, and Texas between 1999 and 2007 with selected CHDs from 4 population-based, statewide birth defect surveillance programs. We linked data to the 2000 US Census to obtain 11 census tract–level socioeconomic indicators. We estimated survival probabilities and hazard ratios adjusted for individual characteristics. Results. We observed differences in infant survival for 8 community socioeconomic indicators (P < .05). The greatest mortality risk was associated with residing in communities in the most disadvantaged deciles for poverty (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 1.49; 95% confidence interval [CI]  = 1.11, 1.99), education (AHR = 1.51; 95% CI = 1.16, 1.96), and operator or laborer occupations (AHR = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.16, 1.96). Survival decreased with increasing numbers of indicators that were in the most disadvantaged decile. Community-level mortality risk persisted when we adjusted for individual-level characteristics. Conclusions. The increased mortality risk among infants with CHDs living in socioeconomically deprived communities might indicate barriers to quality and timely care at which public health interventions might be targeted.
Gender Abuse, Depressive Symptoms, and Substance Use Among Transgender Women: A 3-Year Prospective Study
Authors: Nuttbrock Larry , Bockting Walter , Rosenblum Andrew , Hwahng Sel , Mason Mona , Macri Monica , Becker Jeffrey 
Published: October 2014

Objectives. We examined the effects of gender abuse (enacted stigma), depressive symptoms, and demographic, economic, and lifestyle factors on substance use among transgender women.Methods. We conducted a 3-year prospective study (December 2004 to September 2007) of 230 transgender women aged 19 to 59 years from the New York Metropolitan Area. Statistical techniques included generalized estimating equations with logistic and linear regression links.Results. Six-month prevalence of any substance use at baseline was 76.2%. Across assessment points, gender abuse was associated with alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, or any substance use during the previous 6 months, the number of days these substances were used during the previous month, and the number of substances used. Additional modeling associated changes in gender abuse with changes in substance use across time. Associations of gender abuse and substance use were mediated 55% by depressive symptoms. Positive associations of employment income, sex work, transgender identity, and hormone therapy with substance use were mediated 19% to 42% by gender abuse.Conclusions. Gender abuse, in conjunction with depressive symptoms, is a pervasive and moderately strong risk factor for substance use among transgender women. Improved substance abuse treatment is sorely needed for this population.
Addressing the HIV/AIDS Epidemic Among Puerto Rican People Who Inject Drugs: The Need for a Multiregion Approach
Authors: Deren Sherry , Gelpí-Acosta Camila , Albizu-García Carmen E. , González Ángel , Des Jarlais Don C. , Santiago-Negrón Salvador 
Published: October 2014

High levels of HIV risk behaviors and prevalence have been reported among Puerto Rican people who inject drugs (PRPWID) since early in the HIV epidemic. Advances in HIV prevention and treatment have reduced HIV among people who inject drugs (PWID) in the United States. We examined HIV-related data for PRPWID in Puerto Rico and the US Northeast to assess whether disparities continue. Injection drug use as a risk for HIV is still overrepresented among Puerto Ricans. Lower availability of syringe exchanges, drug abuse treatment, and antiretroviral treatment for PWID in Puerto Rico contribute to higher HIV risk and incidence. These disparities should be addressed by the development of a federally supported Northeast–Puerto Rico collaboration to facilitate and coordinate efforts throughout both regions.