bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RNA helicase DDX3: at the crossroad of viral replication and antiviral immunity
Authors: Valiente‐Echeverría Fernando , Hermoso Marcela A. , Soto‐Rifo Ricardo 
Published: July 2015

SummaryAsp‐Glu‐Ala‐Asp (DEAD)‐box polypeptide 3, or DDX3, belongs to the DEAD‐box family of ATP‐dependent RNA helicases and is known to play different roles in RNA metabolism ranging from transcription to nuclear export, translation, and assembly of stress granules. In addition, there is growing evidence that DDX3 is a component of the innate immune response against viral infections. As such, DDX3 has been shown to play roles both upstream and downstream of I‐kappa beta kinaseε(IKKε)/TANK‐binding kinase 1, leading to IFN‐βproduction. Interestingly, several RNA viruses, including human threats such as HIV‐1 and hepatitis C virus, hijack DDX3 to accomplish various steps of their replication cycles. Thus, it seems that viruses have evolved to exploit DDX3's functions while threatening the innate immune response. Understanding this interesting dichotomy in DDX3 function will help us not only to improve our knowledge of virus–host interactions but also to develop novel antiviral drugs targeting the multifaceted roles of DDX3 in viral replication. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic intratubular biomineralization following root canal obturation with pozzolan‐based mineral trioxide aggregate sealer cement
Authors: Yoo Yeon‐Jee , Baek Seung‐Ho , Kum Kee‐Yeon , Shon Won‐Jun , Woo Kyung‐Mi , Lee WooCheol 
Published: July 2015

SummaryThe application of mineral trioxide aggregates (MTA) cement during the root canal obturation is gaining concern due to its bioactive characteristic to form an apatite in dentinal tubules. In this regard, this study was to assess the biomineralization of dentinal tubules following root canal obturation by using pozzolan‐based (Pz‐) MTA sealer cement (EndoSeal MTA, Maruchi). Sixty curved roots (mesiobuccal, distobuccal) from human maxillary molars were instrumented and prepared for root canal obturation. The canals were obturated with gutta‐percha (GP) and Pz‐MTA sealer by using continuous wave of condensation technique. Canals obturated solely with ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental) or Pz‐MTA sealer were used for comparison. In order to evaluate the biomineralization ability under different conditions, the PBS pretreatment before the root canal obturation was performed in each additional samples. At dentin‐material interfaces, the extension of intratubular biomineralization was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy. When the root canal was obturated with GP and Pz‐MTA sealer, enhanced biomineralization of the dentinal tubules beyond the penetrated sealer tag was confirmed under the SEM observation (p < 0.05). Mineralized apatite structures (calcium/phosphorous ratio, 1.45–1.89) connecting its way through the dentinal tubules were detected at 350–400 μm from the tubule orifice, and the pre‐crystallization seeds were also observed along the intra‐ and/or inter‐tubular collagen fiber. Intratubular biomineralization depth was significantly enhanced in all PBS pretreated canals (p < 0.05). Pz‐MTA cement can be used as a promising bioactive root canal sealer to enhance biomineralization of dentinal tubules under controlled environment. SCANNING 38:50–56, 2016. © 2015 The Authors. Scanning Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Secure broadcast in distributed networks with strong adversaries
Authors: Szalachowski Pawel , Kim Tiffany Hyun‐Jin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis paper proposes a framework that enables secure one‐to‐many communication for networks with limited capabilities in the face of a strong adversary that can capture an arbitrary set of nodes. Our approach consists of two main components: (a) group key establishment protocol and (b) special key management. Especially, we try to address the following question: How strong of security properties can we achieve for broadcast communication in hardware‐limited networks with a strong adversary? We propose approaches and their variants that neither require special hardware nor use costly cryptographic operations. With thorough security and efficiency analyses, we discuss how our solutions can be applied to a variety of hardware‐limited distributed systems. We also describe the implementation and evaluation results of the most promising variants. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel one‐to‐many and many‐to‐one asymmetric encryption model and its algorithms
Authors: Shi Run‐hua , Zhong Hong , Cui Jie , Zhang Shun 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTraditional asymmetric encryption algorithms involve only two parties: one party is a sender (encrypter) and the other a receiver (decrypter), in which each party has two different keys: a private key and a public key. However, if applied in some multiparty‐oriented environments, there may be a serious problem that each party needs to store and manage many keys, which is not only an overload but also a potential safety hazard. In this paper, we built a new secure communication model for private client–server networks, in which each party only needs to store a private key, but it can still implement two‐way secure communications with two properties of “one‐to‐many encryption” (i.e., if the server encrypts a plaintext, all clients can decrypt the ciphertext by using their respective private keys) and “many‐to‐one encryption” (i.e., if each client encrypts a plaintext by using his or her private key, only the server can decrypt the ciphertext). Furthermore, by introducing the basic theories for solving linear equations and ElGamal cryptographic algorithms, we designed the corresponding encryption and decryption algorithms in detail. The analysis results show that our algorithms are secure and efficient, and there are many good potential applications in military and electronic commerce fields. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of MDevSPICE® – the medical device software process assessment framework
Authors: Lepmets Marion , Clarke Paul , McCaffery Fergal , Finnegan Anita , Dorling Alec 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSoftware that is incorporated into a medical device, or which is a standalone medical device in its own right, is of a safety critical nature and subject to regulation from various jurisdictions. In order to satisfy jurisdictional regulations, developers of medical device software adopt standards and guidance provided by international standards bodies and regulators. However, the various standards and guidance documents are often not developed as a single cohesive set resulting in a complex and costly challenge for medical device software developers when complying with regulation.The aim of this paper is to describe the integration of medical device guidance documents and software engineering standards into a unified framework for medical device software process assessment called MDevSPICE®. The paper illustrates the development of both the process reference model and the process assessment model (PAM) of MDevSPICE®. The MDevSPICE® PAM can help software developers to prepare for the regulatory audits, which they must satisfy as a prerequisite to placing their products on the market. The MDevSPICE® PAM can also assist medical device manufacturers to select competent software suppliers. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pharyngeal Satellite Cells Undergo Myogenesis Under Basal Conditions and Are Required for Pharyngeal Muscle Maintenance
Authors: Randolph Matthew E. , Phillips Brittany L. , Choo Hyo-Jung , Vest Katherine E. , Vera Yandery , Pavlath Grace K. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The pharyngeal muscles of the nasal, oral, and laryngeal pharynxes are required for swallowing. Pharyngeal muscles are preferentially affected in some muscular dystrophies yet spared in others. Muscle stem cells, called satellite cells, may be critical factors in the development of pharyngeal muscle disorders; however, very little is known about pharyngeal satellite cells (PSC) and their role in pharyngeal muscles. We show that PSC are distinct from the commonly studied hindlimb satellite cells both transcriptionally and biologically. Under basal conditions PSC proliferate, progress through myogenesis, and fuse with pharyngeal myofibers. Furthermore, PSC exhibit biologic differences dependent on anatomic location in the pharynx. Importantly, PSC are required to maintain myofiber size and myonuclear number in pharyngeal myofibers. Together, these results demonstrate that PSC are critical for pharyngeal muscle maintenance and suggest that satellite cell impairment could contribute to pharyngeal muscle pathology associated with various muscular dystrophies and aging. Stem Cells 2015;33:3581–3595
Concise Review: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells as New Model Systems in Oncology
Authors: Laplane Lucie , Beke Allan , Vainchenker William , Solary Eric 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The demonstration that pluripotent stem cells could be generated by somatic cell reprogramming led to wonder if these so-called induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells would extend our investigation capabilities in the cancer research field. The first iPS cells derived from cancer cells have now revealed the benefits and potential pitfalls of this new model. iPS cells appear to be an innovative approach to decipher the steps of cell transformation as well as to screen the activity and toxicity of anticancer drugs. A better understanding of the impact of reprogramming on cancer cell-specific features as well as improvements in culture conditions to integrate the role of the microenvironment in their behavior may strengthen the epistemic interest of iPS cells as model systems in oncology. Stem Cells 2015;33:2887–2892
A Role for MOSPD1 in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation
Authors: Kara Madina , Axton Richard A. , Jackson Melany , Ghaffari Sahar , Buerger Katrin , Watt Alistair J. , Taylor A. Helen , Orr Brigid , Hardy Winters R. , Peault Bruno , Forrester Lesley M. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from many tissues including bone marrow and fat can be expanded in vitro and can differentiate into a range of different cell types such as bone, cartilage, and adipocytes. MSCs can also exhibit immunoregulatory properties when transplanted but, although a number of clinical trials using MSCs are in progress, the molecular mechanisms that control their production, proliferation, and differentiation are poorly understood. We identify MOSPD1 as a new player in this process. We generated MOSPD1-null embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and demonstrate that they are deficient in their ability to differentiate into a number of cell lineages including osteoblasts, adipocytes, and hematopoietic progenitors. The self-renewal capacity of MOSPD1-null ESCs was normal and they exhibited no obvious defects in early germ layer specification nor in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), indicating that MOSPD1 functions after these key steps in the differentiation process. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like cells expressing CD73, CD90, and CD105 were generated from MOSPD1-null ESCs but their growth rate was significantly impaired implying that MOSPD1 plays a role in MSC proliferation. Phenotypic deficiencies exhibited by MOSPD1-null ESCs were rescued by exogenous expression of MOSPD1, but not MOSPD3 indicating distinct functional properties of these closely related genes. Our in vitro studies were supported by RNA-sequencing data that confirmed expression of Mospd1 mRNA in cultured, proliferating perivascular pre-MSCs isolated from human tissue. This study adds to the growing body of knowledge about the function of this largely uncharacterized protein family and introduces a new player in the control of MSC proliferation and differentiation. Stem Cells 2015;33:3077–3086
Development of Speech Fluency Over a Short Period of Time: Effects of Pedagogic Intervention
Authors: Tavakoli Parvaneh , Campbell Colin , McCormack Joan 
Published: July 2015

This study investigates the effects of a short‐term pedagogic intervention on development of second language (L2) fluency among learners studying English for academic purposes at a UK university. It also examines the interaction between development of fluency and complexity and accuracy. Through a pretest and posttest design, data were collected over a period of 4 weeks from learners performing monologic tasks. While the control group (CG) focused on developing general speaking and listening skills, the experimental group (EG) received awareness‐raising activities and fluency strategy training in addition to general speaking and listening practice. The data, coded in terms of a range of measures of fluency, accuracy, and complexity, were subjected to repeated‐measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), t‐tests, and correlations. The results indicate that after the intervention, although some fluency gains were achieved by the CG, the EG produced statistically more fluent language, demonstrating a faster speech and articulation rate, longer runs, and higher phonation time ratios. The significant correlations obtained between measures of accuracy and learners’ pauses in the CG suggest that pausing opportunities may have been linked to accuracy. The findings have significant implications for L2 pedagogy, highlighting the effective impact of instruction on development of fluency.
Ways of knowing climate: Hubert H. Lamb and climate research in theUK
Authors: Martin‐Nielsen Janet 
Published: July 2015

Today, numerical modelling is widely seen as the leading method of climate research. Modelling enjoys a hegemonic status in the production of climate predictions and the discussion and policy application of climate knowledge. This dominance obscures past and present debates about which types of climate knowledge are important, which epistemic standards are used to judge that knowledge, and which applications of that knowledge are considered useful. In the existing historiography of climate research, the focus has overwhelmingly been on numerical modelling, and relatively little has been written about other ways of knowing climate. The hegemony that numerical models enjoy today is not the result of a linear ‘arrow of progress,’ beginning with the introduction of digital computers and leading naturally to today's situation, but rather of a more complex situation centered on changing ideas of climate, the identity of climate researchers, and the direction and scope of their work. This paper aims to shed light on these ideas by investigating and analyzing climate research debates in the 1960s and early 1970s through the lens of the English meteorologist and climatologist Hubert Horace Lamb (1913–1997). It pays particular attention to Lamb's understanding of climatology as a discipline and his assessment of that discipline through the latter half of the 20thcentury.WIREs Clim Change2015, 6:465–477. doi: 10.1002/wcc.349This article is categorized under:Climate, History, Society, Culture > Thought Leaders
Characterization of crystal lattice defects in calcium molybdate single crystals (CaMoO4) by means of X‐ray diffraction topography
Authors: Wierzbicka E. , Malinowska A. , Wieteska K. , Wierzchowski W. , Lefeld‐Sosnowska M. , Świrkowicz M. , Łukasiewicz T. , Paulmann C. 
Published: July 2015

Calcium molybdate CaMoO4 crystals are perspective materials for many applications in acoustic‐electronics, acoustic‐optics and nonlinear optics. They are also used as laser hosts, scintillators, different kinds of substrates and active elements of ionizing radiation detectors. For all these applications large‐sized single crystals of high structural quality are required.The samples of CaMoO4 crystals have been investigated by means of synchrotron white beam topography, monochromatic beam topography and conventional X‐ray Lang projection topography. The high‐resolution rocking curves have also been taken using synchrotron and conventional arrangements.The topographs showed a rather good crystallographic perfection of the crystals. In particular, they did not reveal any segregation fringes proving high homogeneity of the chemical composition. Relatively high densities (<104 cm−2) of weak point‐like diffraction contrasts were observed, which can be most probably interpreted as dislocation outcrops.The distinct main imperfection of the investigated crystals was variously developed block structure. The evaluation of lattice misorientation was realized by means of projection and section white beam synchrotron radiation topographs. The evaluated misorientation between various blocks was in the range of several arc minutes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genome‐wide screen of fission yeast mutants for sensitivity to 6‐azauracil, an inhibitor of transcriptional elongation
Authors: Zhou Huan , Liu Qi , Shi Tianfang , Yu Yao , Lu Hong 
Published: July 2015

Abstract6‐Azauracil (6 AU) inhibits enzymes in nucleoside synthesis and depletes the intracellular GTP/UTP pool. Mutations in transcriptional elongation machinery, as well as mutations in a variety of other pathways, exaggerate the growth defect of cells in the presence of 6 AU. Thus, identification of mutations that render cells sensitive to 6 AU will benefit study on the basis of 6 AU‐sensitive phenotype. Here we performed a genome‐wide screen of a fission yeast deletion library. Of 3235 single‐gene deletions, 66 mutants displayed at least 50% drop of fitness in the presence of 6 AU and 60 mutants were reported for the first time; five deletions showed synthetic decrease of fitness when combined with deletion of set3+, which encodes a transcriptional regulator. Genes conferring tolerance to 6 AU were enriched in various processes, especially in chromosome segregation. Accordingly, genes encoding subunits of CLRC complex and spindle pole body were over‐represented. Mutants were subjected to an in vivo transcript length‐dependent reporter assay to assess the potential roles of deleted genes in transcriptional elongation. As with the deletions known to affect elongation, nab2Δ, nxt1Δ, rhp18Δ, SPAC24C9.08Δ, clr3Δ and ncs1Δset3Δ mutants exhibited defects in expressing long transcripts. New 6 AU‐sensitive mutants identified here will help to elucidate the mechanism of action of 6 AU in the cells. Meanwhile, our study revealed novel genes potentially involved in transcriptional elongation and provided valuable targets for transcription study. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New complexes containing the internal alternative NADH dehydrogenase (Ndi1) in mitochondria of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Matus‐Ortega M. G. , Cárdenas‐Monroy C. A. , Flores‐Herrera O. , Mendoza‐Hernández G. , Miranda M. , González‐Pedrajo B. , Vázquez‐Meza H. , Pardo J. P. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMitochondria of Saccharomyces cerevisiae lack the respiratory complex I, but contain three rotenone‐insensitive NADH dehydrogenases distributed on both the external (Nde1 and Nde2) and internal (Ndi1) surfaces of the inner mitochondrial membrane. These enzymes catalyse the transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone without the translocation of protons across the membrane. Due to the high resolution of the Blue Native PAGE (BN–PAGE) technique combined with digitonin solubilization, several bands with NADH dehydrogenase activity were observed on the gel. The use of specific S. cerevisiae single and double mutants of the external alternative elements (ΔNDE1, ΔNDE2, ΔNDE1/ΔNDE2) showed that the high and low molecular weight complexes contained the Ndi1. Some of the Ndi1 associations took place with complexes III and IV, suggesting the formation of respirasome‐like structures. Complex II interacted with other proteins to form a high molecular weight supercomplex with a molecular mass around 600 kDa. We also found that the majority of the Ndi1 was in a dimeric form, which is in agreement with the recently reported three‐dimensional structure of the protein. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two-step production of gamma-aminobutyric acid from cassava powder using Corynebacterium glutamicum and Lactobacillus plantarum
Authors: Yang Taowei , Rao Zhiming , Kimani Bernard Gitura , Xu Meijuan , Zhang Xian , Yang Shang-Tian 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Production of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from crop biomass such as cassava in high concentration is desirable, but difficult to achieve. A safe biotechnological route was investigated to produce GABA from cassava powder by C. glutamicum G01 and L. plantarum GB01-21. Liquefied cassava powder was first transformed to glutamic acid by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation with C. glutamicum G01, followed by biotransformation of glutamic acid to GABA with resting cells of L. plantarum GB01-21 in the reaction medium. After optimizing the reaction conditions, the maximum concentration of GABA reached 80.5 g/L with a GABA productivity of 2.68 g/L/h. This is the highest yield ever reported of GABA production from cassava-derived glucose. The bioprocess provides the added advantage of employing nonpathogenic microorganisms, C. glutamicum and L. plantarum, in microbial production of GABA from cassava biomass, which can be used in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
N8‐acetylspermidine as a potential plasma biomarker for Snyder‐Robinson syndrome identified by clinical metabolomics
Authors: Abela Lucia , Simmons Luke , Steindl Katharina , Schmitt Bernhard , Mastrangelo Massimo , Joset Pascal , Papuc Mihaela , Sticht Heinrich , Baumer Alessandra , Crowther Lisa M. , Mathis Déborah , Rauch Anita , Plecko Barbara 
Published: July 2015

AbstractClinical metabolomics has emerged as a powerful tool to study human metabolism in health and disease. Comparative statistical analysis of untargeted metabolic profiles can reveal perturbations of metabolite levels in diseases and thus has the potential to identify novel biomarkers. Here we have applied a simultaneous genetic‐metabolomic approach in twin boys with epileptic encephalopathy of unclear etiology. Clinical exome sequencing identified a novel missense mutation in the spermine synthase gene (SMS) that causes Snyder‐Robinson syndrome (SRS). Untargeted plasma metabolome analysis revealed significantly elevated levels of N8‐acetylspermidine, a precursor derivative of spermine biosynthesis, as a potential novel plasma biomarker for SRS. This result was verified in a third patient with genetically confirmed SRS. This study illustrates the potential of metabolomics as a translational technique to support exome data on a functional and clinical level.
Cultural Concerns when Counseling Orthodox Jewish Couples for Genetic Screening and PGD
Authors: Grazi Richard V. , Wolowelsky Joel B. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThere is a spectrum of attitudes within the Orthodox Jewish community towards genetic testing and PGD. Increased understanding of the belief systems of the Orthodox Jewish population will enhance the genetic counselors’ ability to better serve this unique group of patients. By improving cultural competence, genetic counselors can help patients choose the testing options that they deem appropriate, while simultaneously respecting the patient's belief system.