bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A clinically weighted approach to outcome assessment in radial polydactyly
Authors: Dijkman R. , Selles R. , van Rosmalen J. , Hülsemann W. , Mann M. , Habenicht R. , Hovius S. , van Nieuwenhoven C. 
Published: August 2015

Currently available outcome assessment systems for radial polydactyly are mainly based on expert opinion. The aim of this study was to develop an outcome assessment system based on clinical data. We performed linear regression analysis on data from a multicentre study of 121 patients with radial polydactyly types II, IV and VII to develop a clinically weighted outcome assessment system. Items were weighted according to their influence on overall functional and aesthetic outcome in the regression analysis. Active flexion, scar appearance and prominence at amputation site were the main items influencing overall functional and aesthetic outcome (β = 0.393, β = 0.326 and β = 0.288, respectively). Palmar abduction, metacarpophalangeal joint deviation and nail appearance influenced overall functional and aesthetic outcome the least (β = −0.002, β = −0.104 and β = 0.070, respectively). Our proposed assessment system for radial polydactyly reflects the way clinicians value individual aspects of outcome as determinants of overall outcome and helps guide future treatment and evaluation of outcome. Level of evidence: III.
Addressing psychological, mental health and other behavioural healthcare needs of the underserved populations in the United States: the role of local health departments
Authors: Shah Gulzar H , Luo Huabin , Winterbauer Nancy , Madamala Kusuma 
Published: August 2015

Aims: (1) To assess the extent to which local health departments (LHDs) implement and evaluate strategies to target the behavioural healthcare needs for the underserved populations and (2) to identify factors that are associated with these undertakings. Methods: Data for this study were drawn from the 2013 National Profile of Local Health Departments Study conducted by National Association of County and City Health Officials. A total of 505 LHDs completed the Module 2 questionnaire of the Profile Study, in which LHDs were asked whether they implemented strategies and evaluated strategies to target the behavioural healthcare needs of the underserved populations. To assess LHDs’ level of engagement in assuring access to behavioural healthcare services, descriptive statistics were computed, whereas the factors associated with assuring access to these services were examined by using logistic regression analyses. To account for complex survey design, we used SVY routine in Stata 11. Results: Only about 24.9% of LHDs in small jurisdiction (<50,000 population) and 35.3% of LHDs in medium-size jurisdiction implemented/evaluated strategies to target the behavioural healthcare services needs of underserved populations in their jurisdiction in 2013. Logistic regression model results showed that LHDs having city/multicity jurisdiction (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = .16, 95% confidence interval (CI): .04–.77), centralised governance (AOR = .12, 95% CI: .02–.85), and those located in South Region (AOR = .25, 95% CI: .08–.74) or the West Region (AOR = .36, 95% CI: 14–.94), were less likely to have implemented/evaluated strategies to target the behavioural healthcare needs of the underserved. Conclusions: The extent to which the LHDs implemented or evaluated strategies to target the behavioural healthcare needs of the underserved population varied by geographic regions and jurisdiction types. Different community needs or different state Medicaid programmes may have accounted for these variations. LHDs could play an important role in improving equity in access to care, including behavioural healthcare services in the communities.
EHMT1 and EHMT2 inhibition induces fetal hemoglobin expression
Authors: Renneville Aline , Van Galen Peter , Canver Matthew C. , McConkey Marie , Krill-Burger John M. , Dorfman David M. , Holson Edward B. , Bernstein Bradley E. , Orkin Stuart H. , Bauer Daniel E. , Ebert Benjamin L. 
Published: August 2015

Key Points
EHMT1/2 inhibition increases human γ-globin and HbF expression, as well as mouse embryonic β-globin gene expression. EHMT1/2 inhibition decreases H3K9Me2 and increases H3K9Ac at the γ-globin gene locus in adult human erythroid cells.
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate rapidly remodels PAP85-120, SEM1(45-107), and SEM2(49-107) seminal amyloid fibrils
Authors: Castellano Laura M. , Hammond Rebecca M. , Holmes Veronica M. , Weissman Drew , Shorter James 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT
Semen harbors amyloid fibrils formed by proteolytic fragments of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP248-286 and PAP85-120) and semenogelins (SEM1 and SEM2) that potently enhance HIV infectivity. Amyloid but not soluble forms of these peptides enhance HIV infection. Thus, agents that remodel these amyloid fibrils could prevent HIV transmission. Here, we confirm that the green tea polyphenol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), slowly remodels fibrils formed by PAP248-286 termed SEVI (semen derived enhancer of viral infection) and also exerts a direct anti-viral effect. We elucidate for the first time that EGCG remodels PAP85-120, SEM1(45-107), and SEM2(49-107) fibrils more rapidly than SEVI fibrils. We establish EGCG as the first small molecule that can remodel all four classes of seminal amyloid. The combined anti-amyloid and anti-viral properties of EGCG could have utility in preventing HIV transmission.
Assessing the Value of Process Improvement by Means of Service Imperfections and Value-Leaks: The Case of a Large Scale Municipality Contact Center
Authors: Dedene Guido , Warnar Rick , Mercado Cecilia , Peters Edward , Viaene Stijn 
Published: August 2015

In this paper a particular approach to value-assessment for information and communication technology (ICT)-based services is explored. The core of the paper is a large-scale case study that provides evidence of how proposed value mechanisms work in practice. The mechanisms that are described in this paper are grounded in bringing together different views on the definition of a service, in particular when dealing with administrative processes. The notion of a value-leak is introduced, as an indicator that points to services where the erosion of value can be reduced or stopped. Value-leaks go beyond process deficiencies, and in the case study it becomes clear how efficiency considerations, emotions, effectiveness, caring, hospitality, and so on play an important role in value-leaks. A key research question is the detection of potential value-leaks in services. In this paper, service science for ICT-based services follows the rigor of information science by introducing the notion of service imperfections. Next, two research propositions are put forward, expressing the relation between value-leaks and imperfections on the one hand, and value-leaks and non-normal form process models on the other hand. The case study provides a concrete project in the social ecosystem of a large-scale municipality. What emerged initially as a simple cost-cutting exercise resulted at the end in a redesigned customer contact handling process, whereby both the customers and the employees were satisfied, and realizing also the cost reductions in a creative way by investigating the value-leaks.
On-Site Energy Consumption at Softwood Sawmills in Montana
Authors: Loeffler Dan , Anderson Nathaniel , Morgan Todd A. , Sorenson Colin B. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Total on-site energy requirements for wood product manufacturing are generally not well understood or publicly available, particularly at subregional scales, such as the state level. This article uses a mail survey of softwood sawmills in Montana to develop a profile of all on-site energy consumption. Energy use is delineated by fuel type on a production basis for both renewable and nonrenewable sources for production year 2009. Survey respondents represented 92 percent of total Montana softwood lumber production of 449 million board feet, which is 4 percent of western US production and 2 percent of national production. Total annual on-site sawmill energy required was 1.6 trillion British thermal units. Seventy-seven percent was derived from wood and bark, primarily for process heat and steam for lumber drying; 16 percent was from electricity; 5 percent was from diesel used for on-site rolling stock; and the remainder was from gasoline, propane, and natural gas. Energy produced from renewable sources accounted for 86 percent of total on-site energy consumption. In addition to providing an energy profile of Montana sawmills for policymakers, aggregated results may be useful to individual firms in characterizing their energy requirements relative to the state average and in identifying potential opportunities for bioenergy expansion.
Does a Measure of Support Needs Predict Funding Need Better Than a Measure of Adaptive and Maladaptive Behavior?
Authors: Arnold Samuel R. C. , Riches Vivienne C. , Stancliffe Roger J. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Internationally, various approaches are used for the allocation of individualized funding. When using a databased approach, a key question is the predictive validity of adaptive behavior versus support needs assessment. This article reports on a subset of data from a larger project that allowed for a comparison of support needs and adaptive behavior assessments when predicting person-centered funding allocation. The first phase of the project involved a trial of the Inventory for Client and Agency Planning (ICAP) adaptive behavior and Instrument for the Classification and Assessment of Support Needs (I-CAN)–Brief Research version support needs assessments. Participants were in receipt of an individual support package allocated using a person-centered planning process, and were stable in their support arrangements. Regression analysis showed that the most useful items in predicting funding allocation came from the I-CAN–Brief Research. No additional variance could be explained by adding the ICAP, or using the ICAP alone. A further unique approach of including only items from the I-CAN–Brief Research marked as funded supports showed high predictive validity. It appears support need is more effective at determining resource need than adaptive behavior.
Family Quality of Life During the Transition to Adulthood for Individuals With Intellectual Disability and/or Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Boehm Thomas L. , Carter Erik W. , Taylor Julie Lounds 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Recognizing the prominent role of parents in supporting their children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), improving quality of life for these families is an essential endeavor. While much attention has focused on the experiences of families with younger children with IDD, little is known about the family quality of life (FQOL) among families with transition-age youth and young adults. We examined the FQOL ratings of 425 parents with a child between 13–21 years of age with intellectual disability or autism to understand FQOL and the factors that may shape it. Overall satisfaction with FQOL was somewhat high for this sample, with some variability across domains. Higher FQOL ratings were predicted by lower frequency of challenging behaviors, lower support needs, and higher strength of parental religious faith. We present recommendations for research and practice focused on promoting quality of life during the transition period.
Do Children With Fragile X Syndrome Show Declines or Plateaus in Adaptive Behavior?
Authors: Hahn Laura J. , Brady Nancy C. , Warren Steven F. , Fleming Kandace K. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis study explores if children with fragile X syndrome (FXS) show advances, declines, or plateaus in adaptive behavior over time and the relationship of nonverbal cognitive abilities and autistic behavior on these trajectories. Parents of 55 children with FXS completed the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (Sparrow, Balla, & Cicchetti, 1984; Sparrow, Cicchetti, & Balla, 2005) between 3 and 6 times from 2 to 10 years of age. Using raw scores, results indicate that about half of the sample showed advances in adaptive behavior, whereas the other half showed declines, indicating a regression in skills. Children who were more cognitively advanced and had less autistic behaviors had higher trajectories. Understanding the developmental course of adaptive behavior in FXS has implications for educational planning and intervention, especially for those children showing declines.
Stigma in the Area of Intellectual Disabilities: Examining a Conceptual Model of Public Stigma
Authors: Werner Shirli 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Studies in the area of intellectual disability (ID) stigma are few and atheoretical. This study examined the adequacy of the conceptual framework of stigma from the mental illness field regarding ID. Telephone interviews were conducted with a nationally representative sample of 304 adults in Israel. Participants were read a vignette describing a man with ID and answered items related to cognitive, emotional, and behavioral reactions. Behavioral dimensions included: Withdrawal, Social distance, and Helping behaviors. The stigma process leading to Withdrawal was drawn through Negative affect, whereas the process to Social distance was drawn through Calm affect. One unique aspect of the stigma process in ID is the importance of Calm affect, which helped reduce Social distance.
Innovation is in the eyes of the beholder: The case of the ageing consumers
Authors: Spinelli Gabriella 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This research considers innovation from the user point of view in order to enhance the design and commercialization of technology-based products. Previous studies predominantly analyse innovation as a function of technology advantage; that is how new competitors who have advanced research and development (R&D) can challenge the incumbents’ position. However little is understood about the potentially ambiguous position that technology-based products may have on the market due to the diverse perception that different market segments may hold of such products. Consequently innovations studies are limited in overlooking innovation as a function of users’/consumers’ perception. The findings of this research reveal that innovation may be disruptive and evolutionary at the same time for different consumer groups. Consumers’ perception of technology products can influence their decisionmaking pre-purchase as well as their level of adoption. Analogical learning, or the inability to apply it, is in part responsible for the choices that consumers make when considering whether to purchase, use and discard technological products. Exposure and familiarity with the product category are also factors that influence consumers’ perception, especially among the ageing segment of the population. The ambiguity of products’ perception represents an unusual puzzle for businesses that are now required to alter design features and marketing communication strategies to appeal to different consumers despite the fact that the product is inherently the same from a business point of view.
Design as a competitive advantage in start-up fundraising
Authors: Klenner Nico Florian , Hartz-olsson Lasse , Capron Brett 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This study examines how design can be employed to create a competitive advantage for start-ups in seeking external funding.
Access to funding is a crucial factor for start-ups when it comes to building, developing and growing their business. A better understanding of the criteria sought by investors or financiers can aid entrepreneurs in obtaining funding. The current literature on fundraising overlooks the role that design plays in start-ups’ fundraising activities.
A multiple case study analysis shows a number of ways that start-ups might benefit from a design-led approach to fundraising. The study is based on interviews with Danish institutional and private investors, designers, design institutions, governmental organizations and key decision makers in design-led start-ups.
The researchers identify the main opportunities and challenges for designled start-ups in the fundraising process and demonstrate how taking a design-led approach towards fundraising might confer a competitive advantage for start-ups that are looking to obtain external funding.
The study shows how this competitive advantage might be realized and proposes a model that explains how the fundraising process leading to the investment decision might be influenced by design. This newly proposed model was then tested in a small study of Australian-based entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs, looking for validation, similarities and anomalies between the Danish and Australian start-up cultures.
Musical theatre writer training in Britain: Contexts, developments and opportunities
Authors: Lundskaer-Nielsen Miranda 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
While the global explosion of commercial West End hits in the 1980s and 1990s has seen a surge in performer training outside the United States, the same is not true for aspiring writers. However, the past decade or so has seen the beginnings of a new infrastructure in the United Kingdom, not least due to the 2010 Arts Council funding designed to nurture partnerships and connections between writers, theatres and producers that have started to change this situation. This article investigates the training opportunities for writers based in the United Kingdom as a case study for possible approaches to nurturing musical theatre writers outside the United States. To this end, the article explores four key aspects of musical theatre writer development – the available literature, professional mentorship, industry training and development opportunities, and formal higher education courses – to identify current opportunities and assess ways in which industry leaders and Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) might build on these to create a more robust and sustained infrastructure that can nurture a diverse range of high-quality new musical theatre.
Existence and soap film regularity of solutions to Plateau’s problem
Authors: Harrison Jenny , Pugh Harrison 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPlateau’s problem is to find a surface with minimal area spanning a given boundary. Our paper presents a theorem for codimension one surfaces in ${\mathbb{R}^{n}}$ in which the usual homological definition of span is replaced with a novel algebraic-topological notion. In particular, our new definition offers a significant improvement over existing homological definitions in the case that the boundary has multiple connected components. Let M be a connected, oriented compact manifold of dimension ${n-2}$ and ${\mathfrak{S}}$ the collection of compact sets spanning M. Using Hausdorff spherical measure as a notion of “size,” we prove:
There exists an ${X_{0}}$ in ${\mathfrak{S}}$ with smallest size. Any such ${X_{0}}$ contains a “core” ${X_{0}^{*}\in\mathfrak{S}}$ with the following properties: It is a subset of the convex hull of M and is a.e. (in the sense of ${(n-1)}$-dimensional Hausdorff measure) a real analytic ${(n-1)}$-dimensional minimal submanifold. If ${n=3}$, then ${X_{0}^{*}}$ has the local structure of a soap film. Furthermore, set theoretic solutions are elevated to current solutions in a space with a rich continuous operator algebra.
Tractors, Power Lines, and the Welfare State: The Contradictions of Soviet Development in Post-World War II Tajikistan
Authors: Kalinovsky Artemy M. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This article considers the Soviet campaign to transform the Tajik countryside by mechanizing agricultural production and bringing the welfare state to the villages in light of broader 20th century rural development efforts. It begins by examining the attempt to mechanize agriculture and electrify the Tajik countryside through the eyes of the officials charged with implementing these technologies. Problems with how these technologies were introduced meant that while cotton output expanded, it required increasing amount of labor. Turning to the problem of resettlement, the article emphasizes that resettlement was shaped by competition for labor between districts and farm managers. Increasingly, in the Brezhnev era, it also came to be seen as an easier way to fulfill the modernizing imperative and the commitments of the welfare state. Under pressure to ensure access to schools and medical services, officials found it more convenient to move villages from mountain areas to valleys where such services could be more easily provided. At the same time, the demand for agricultural labor stimulated a kind of “involution” in the countryside, where managers had to find ways to keep labor on the farm. To do so, they could offer cash rewards, building materials, and access to private land and fertilizer.
Qadimism and Jadidism in Twentieth-Century Daghestan
Authors: Kemper Michael , Shikhaliev Shamil 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This article analyzes the interplay of Jadidism and “Qadimism” in the North Caucasus region of Daghestan, through the twentieth century, with a focus on educational methods for teaching Arabic and Islam. In the multi-ethnic context of Daghestan the issue of pedagogy was important not only for teaching the vernaculars but also for the transmission of Arabic, which retained its importance as a lingua franca of Daghestani scholars and intellectuals well into the Soviet period. We argue that all through the Soviet era, “Qadimism” (as the traditional teaching system) continued to be practiced in Daghestan alongside Jadid approaches, and both are still employed in the new Islamic schools that emerged in the early 1990s. Innovative aspects of this paper are: (1) it brings Daghestan into the debate about Jadidism, which has so far centered on the Volga-Urals and Central Asia; (2) it examines Jadidism in constant interaction with its competitor “Qadimism”, not as its antipode; and (3) it uses a longitudinal approach that covers the whole of the twentieth century, all historical breaks notwithstanding. Finally, this paper explores new methodologies by using the personal educational experience of one of its co-authors, who went through the mixed “Qadim”/Jadid/Soviet system in the 1980s and early 1990s. Our observations challenge the widespread assumption that Jadidism was overall an undoubted success story, and that “Qadimism” as a method was, after the establishment of Soviet power and even more so after its dissolution, bound to disappear.
Synthesis and characterization of temperature-sensitive hydrogels
Authors: Hu Xiangming , Cheng Weimin , Shao Zhenlu , Xin Lin 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A series of fire-resistant, temperature-sensitive hydrogels were synthesized via free radical polymerization using N-isopropylacrylamide as a temperature-sensitive monomer, N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide as a cross-linker, ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator, and other raw materials including acrylic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid (AMPS), and attapulgite clay (APT). The structures and properties of superabsorbent hydrogels were studied using different analytical tools such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)/differential scanning calorimetry. The effects of the monomer, cross-linker, and other reactants (AMPS and APT) on the water absorption ability of the hydrogels were analyzed; moreover, the effect of valence of metal ions was also examined. SEM images revealed the surface of the hydrogels as uneven and corrugated. The surface toughness increased with increasing APT. The addition of APT and AMPS increased the thermal resistance of the hydrogels but decreased the temperature sensitivity. Furthermore, the swelling ratio of the hydrogels decreased with the increase in salt solution concentration and valency of metal cation present in the salt solutions.