bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of in vitro cyclic dislodging on retentive force and removal torque of three overdenture attachment systems
Authors: Kobayashi Mariko , Srinivasan Murali , Ammann Patrick , Perriard Jean , Ohkubo Chikahiro , Müller Frauke , Belser Urs C. , Schimmel Martin 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundMandibular two‐implant‐retained overdentures were suggested as first choice of treatment for edentulous mandibles. However, wear of the attachments may reduce their retention and compromise long‐term clinical success.AimThe aim of this in vitro study was to compare the change in the retentive force and removal torque of three attachment systems during simulation of insertion‐removal cycles.Materials and MethodsThirty custom‐manufactured polyvinyl chloride blocks mimicking an implant‐retained overdenture using Locator®‐, spherical Dalbo®‐PLUS ‐ and SFI®‐Bar‐attachments on Straumann® RN Implants were fabricated. The samples were distributed equally into three groups which were subdivided into two sets of five blocks, one set with implants parallel to one another and the other with angulated implants (12°). All attachments were tightened to 35Ncm, while the fixation screws of the SFI®‐Bar were tightened to 15Ncm. Testing was carried out with an Instron® universal testing machine for a total of 14,600 insertion‐removal cycles in 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Retentive forces from cycles 10, 100, 1000, 5000, 10,000 and 14,600 were used for the analysis. The removal torque of the attachments was measured before and at the end of the study. Statistical analysis comprised three‐way ANOVA and multiple linear regression models.ResultsInitially, all three attachment systems demonstrated increasing retentive forces. From cycle 5000 on, Locator®‐attachments showed lower mean retentive forces than the Dalbo®‐PLUS and SFI®‐Bar‐groups. The Dalbo®‐PLUS and SFI®‐Bar‐attachments showed a steady yet not significant increase during the whole observation period. Implant‐angulation had no significant influence on the retention forces. The final mean removal torques were significantly reduced. No complete failure was observed.Conclusions and clinical implicationsWithin the limits of this in vitro study, it can be concluded that the investigated overdenture attachment systems are sufficiently resistant to wear. However, the Dalbo®‐Plus‐ and SFI®‐Bar‐ exhibit higher retentive capacities than the Locator®‐attachment over time. The fixation screw of the SFI®‐Bar may loosen during long‐term use, but these observations might be less important if 1‐year recall intervals are respected. An angulation of up to 12° between implants does not seem to have a significant effect on attachment wear.
Faecal soiling: pathophysiology of postdefaecatory incontinence
Authors: Pucciani F. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAimPassive postdefaecatory incontinence is poorly understood and yet is an important clinical problem. The aim of this study was to characterize the pathophysiology of postdefaecatory incontinence in patients affected by faecal soiling.MethodSeventy‐two patients (30 women, age range 49–79 years; 42 men, age range, 53–75 years) affected by faecal passive incontinence with faecal soiling were included in the study. Two patient groups were identified: Group 1 comprised 42 patients with postdefaecatory incontinence and Group 2 had 30 patients without incontinence after bowel movements. After a preliminary clinical evaluation, including the Faecal Incontinence Severity Index (FISI) score and the obstructed defaecation syndrome (ODS) score, all patients of Groups 1 and 2 were studied by means of endoanal ultrasound and anorectal manometry. The results were compared with those from 20 healthy control subjects.ResultsA significantly higher ODS score was found in Group 1 (P < 0.001). Endoanal ultrasound revealed a significantly diffuse thinning of the internal anal sphincter (IAS) in Group 2 (P < 0.02) with a linear relationship between signs of IAS atrophy and the FISI score (ρs0.78; P < 0.03). Anal resting pressure (Pmax and Pm) was significantly lower in Group 2 (P < 0.04). The straining test was considered positive in 30 (71.4%) patients in Group 1, significantly greater than in Group 2 (P < 0.01). A significantly higher conscious rectal sensitivity threshold (CRST) was found in Group 1 patients (P < 0.01).ConclusionThe ODS score, a positive straining test and high CRST values suggest that postdefaecatory incontinence is secondary to impaired defaecation.
The development of practice guidelines for independent living donor advocates
Authors: Steel Jennifer L. , Dunlavy Andrea , Friday Maranda , Kingsley Kendal , Brower Deborah , Unruh Mark , Tan Henkie , Shapiro Ron , Peltz Mel , Hardoby Melissa , McCloskey Christina , Sturdevant Mark , Humar Abhinav 
Published: April 2013

SummaryThe practice recommendations discussed here are based on the findings of the national survey as well as the opinions of the authors. The recommendations that are proposed here are not exhaustive and are aspirational in intent and are likely to evolve with time. Practice guidelines are recommended for legal and regulatory issues (e.g., state or federal laws), consumer or public benefit (e.g., improving service delivery, avoiding harm to the patient, decreasing disparities in underserved or vulnerable populations), and for professional guidance (e.g., new role, professional risk management issues, advances in practice). Without such practice guidelines, donors, and indirectly the candidates, may be at increased risk for possible bias or undue harm.
Depression is a frequent co‐morbidity in patients with acne inversa
Authors: Kurek Agata , Johanne Peters Eva Milena , Sabat Robert , Sterry Wolfram , Schneider‐Burrus Sylke 
Published: April 2013

SummaryBackgroundAcne inversa (AI) is a common chronic inflammatory disease that has a profound impact on the patientsí quality of life. We hypothesized a higher level of depression in AI patients compared to controls.ObjectivesWe studied depression in patients with AI and control subjects. Additionally, we evaluated whether the severity of the disease, anxiety, sexual distress and acute inflammation may have an influence on depression.Patients and MethodsThe Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was given to 90 voluntary study participants to assess depression in AI patients and in age‐, gender‐, and BMI‐matched controls. Moreover, the correlation between depression and conjectural influencing factors was evaluated.ResultsThis study demonstrated that AI patients have a higher depression score than matched controls. Importantly, 38.6% of AI patients are affected by depression compared to 2.4% of the control subjects. In contrast to the duration of the disease and the AI patientsí age, anxiety and sexual distress showed a strong correlation with the degree of depression.ConclusionsPatients with AI have a higher risk of developing depression. Physicians should be alert to the possible development of depression when treating patients with this disorder.
Optical coherence tomography: its role in daily dermatological practice
Authors: Schmitz Lutz , Reinhold Uwe , Bierhoff Erhard , Dirschka Thomas 
Published: April 2013

SummaryOptical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non‐invasive, tomographic imaging technique which generates high‐resolution in‐vivo images up to mid‐dermal layers. Due to continuous technological improvements, OCT is moving from research projects into daily dermatological practice. It can complement other imaging methods like high‐frequency ultrasound or confocal microscopy. There is a wide variety of indications for OCT. In addition to aiding in the diagnosis and clinical monitoring of inflammatory dermatoses, OCT is a very useful and feasible technique in dermato‐oncology.
Potential of coconut water and soy milk for use as storage media to preserve the viability of periodontal ligament cells: an in vitro study
Authors: Moura Camilla Cristhian Gomes , Soares Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira , de Paula Reis Manuella Verdinelli , Fernandes Neto Alfredo Júlio , Zanetta Barbosa Darceny , Soares Carlos José 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAimThere is no consensus regarding the ability of coconut water and soy milk to maintain long‐term cell viability. This study investigated the ability of pH‐adjusted coconut water and soy milk to maintain the viability of periodontal ligament cells over a short and a longer period and compared these abilities with those of other solutions.MethodsDog premolar teeth were extracted, dried for 30 min, and stored in the following media for 50 min or 24 h: long shelf‐life whole milk (SWM), long shelf‐life skim milk (SSM), Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS), soy milk (SM), and pH‐adjusted coconut water (CW). The positive and two negative control groups corresponded to 0‐min, 30‐min (short‐term), and 24‐h (long‐term) dry times, respectively. Cell viability was analyzed by trypan blue exclusion. Data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test with post‐analysis using the Dunn method.ResultsIn the short‐term experiment, the SSM resulted in significantly lower cell viability than SM and CW. At 24 h, SM and CW resulted in higher viability than HBSS and SSM and in comparable performance with the positive control group. Cell viability decreased over time, except in SM and CW.ConclusionsSoy milk and pH‐adjusted coconut water showed promising results as storage solutions for avulsed teeth, preserving the viability for up to 24 h.
Pfizer‐sponsored satellite symposium at the European Haemophilia Consortium (EHC) congress. Understanding health outcomes: focus on haemophilia
Authors: Colvin Brian , Dolan Gerry , Martinoli Carlo , O'Mahony Brian 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAt the 25th Annual European Haemophilia Consortium (EHC) Congress held in Prague, Czech Republic, in October 2012, Pfizer sponsored a satellite symposium entitled: ‘Understanding Health Outcomes: Focus on Haemophilia’. Co‐chaired by Brian O'Mahony (President of the EHC) and Brian Colvin (Director Medical and Scientific Affairs Haemophilia, Pfizer, Europe), the symposium examined the role of outcomes in haemophilia care in an age of evidence‐based medicine. The current global economic recession has inevitably directed the spotlight of governments and health economists towards the cost of healthcare. Now is the time to focus on which outcome measures are important to collect in order to validate these costs, and how to standardise collection and reporting measures to support services and patient care. Using the United Kingdom (UK) as a case study, where initiatives in data collection and reporting are being trialled, Gerry Dolan opened the discussion by highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to ensuring success. Looking at specific measures of haemophilia healthcare, Carlo Martinoli focused on joint scores as a clinical outcome measure that can be systematically collected, and the role of ultrasound in bringing joint assessment into the hands of the haemophilia treater at the ‘bedside’. Brian O'Mahony then brought the discussion full circle by highlighting the role of the patient in the multidisciplinary care team and the importance of the patient voice in the assessment and critical examination of health outcomes by payers and government bodies. The meeting closed by summarising the importance of collaboration between patients and their carers; physicians; members of the healthcare team; and budget holders in advancing haemophilia care, to provide the best possible care with optimum long‐term outcomes for people with haemophilia.
Pseudoscience in the use of manipulation by chiropractors
Authors: Homola Samuel 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWhile spinal manipulation is an acceptable modality in the treatment of back pain, it is used inappropriately by some chiropractors who use manipulation as a treatment for disease by ‘adjusting vertebral subluxations.’ Defined by the subluxation theory that gave it birth, the core of the chiropractic profession continues to cling to a modified version of the theory, despite rejection by the scientific community. Philosophical differences between the various factions in chiropractic, ranging from some who have renounced subluxation theory to those who are subluxation‐based, keep the profession divided and marginal.
Balancing bioenergy and biosecurity policies: estimating current and future climate suitability patterns for a bioenergy crop
Authors: Kriticos D. J. , Murphy H. T. , Jovanovic T. , Taylor J. , Herr A. , Raison J. , O'Connell D. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIn an apparent paradox, bioenergy crops offer potential benefits to a world adjusting to the challenges of climate change and declining fossil fuel stocks, as well as potential ecological and economic threats resulting from biological invasions. In considering this paradox it is important to understand that benefits and threats may not always be apparent in equal measure throughout the potential range of each candidate biofuel species. In some environments, a species could potentially produce valuable biological materials without posing a significant invasion threat. In this study, we develop a bioclimatic niche model for a candidate biofuel crop, Millettia pinnata, and apply the model to different climatic and irrigation scenarios to estimate the current and future patterns of climate suitability for its growth and naturalization. We use Australia as a case study for interpreting the niche model in terms that may be informative for both biofuels proponents and biosecurity regulators to plan management programmes that reflect the invasive potential in different areas. The model suggests that suitable growing conditions for M. pinnata in Australia are naturally restricted to the moist and semimoist tropics. Irrigation can extend the suitable growing conditions more widely throughout the tropics, and into more arid regions. Under future climate scenarios, suitable growing conditions for M. pinnata under natural rainfall contract towards the east coast, and extend southward into the subtropics. With irrigation, M. pinnata appears to have the potential in the future to naturalize across much of Australia. The bioclimatic modelling method demonstrated here is comparatively quick and easy, and can produce a rich array of data products to inform the interests of both bioenergy proponents and biosecurity regulators. We show how this modelling can support the development of spatially explicit biosecurity policies designed to manage invasion risks in a manner that balances bioenergy and biosecurity concerns.
Care planning for long‐term conditions – a concept mapping
Authors: Lhussier Monique , Eaton Simon , Forster Natalie , Thomas Mathew , Roberts Sue , Carr Susan M 
Published: April 2013

AbstractObjectiveThis article focuses on approaches within clinical practice that seek to actively involve patients with long‐term conditions (LTCs) and how professionals may understand and implement them. Personalized care planning is one such approach, but its current lack of conceptual clarity might have impeded its widespread implementation to date. A variety of overlapping concepts coexist in the literature, which have the potential to impair both clinical and research agendas. The aim of this article is therefore to explore the meaning of the concept of care planning in relation to other overlapping concepts and how this translates into clinical practice implementation.MethodsSearches were conducted in the Cochrane database for systematic reviews, CINHAL and MEDLINE. A staged approach to conducting the concept mapping was undertaken, by (i) an examination of the literature on care planning in LTCs; (ii) identification of related terms; (iii) locating reviews of those terms. Retrieved articles were subjected to a content analysis, which formed the basis of our concept maps. (iv) We then appraised these against knowledge and experience of the implementation of care planning in clinical practice.Results and ConclusionsThirteen articles were retrieved, in which the core importance of patient‐centredness, shared decision making and self‐management was highlighted. Literature searches on these terms retrieved a further 24 articles. Our concept mapping exercise shows that whilst there are common themes across the concepts, the differences between them reflect the context and intended outcomes within clinical practice. We argue that this clarification exercise will allow for further development of both research and clinical implementation agendas.
Paleomagnetic constraints on Miocene rotation in the central Japan Arc
Authors: Hoshi Hiroyuki , Sano Masakazu 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWe present new Middle Miocene paleomagnetic data for the central Japan Arc, and discuss their implications for Miocene rotation. To obtain a refined paleodirection, we made magnetic measurements on basaltic to andesitic lavas and intrusive rocks from 12 sites in the Tsugu volcanic rocks (ca 15 Ma) in the northern part of the Shitara area, Japan. Significant secondary magnetizations in samples with strong magnetic intensities are interpreted as lightning‐induced components. Mean directions carried by magnetite and/or titanomagnetite were determined for all sites. An overall mean direction with a northerly declination was obtained from dual‐polarity site means for nine sites. This direction is indistinguishable from the mean direction for coeval parallel dikes in the northern part of the Shitara area, and also indistinguishable from the Miocene reference direction derived from the paleopole for the North China Block in the Asian continent. These comparisons suggest little or no rotation or latitudinal motion in the study area with respect to the North China Block since 15 Ma. We obtained a refined early Middle Miocene paleodirection (D = 9.7°, I = 52.5°, α95 = 4.8°; 30 sites) and paleopole (82.0°N, 230.8°E, A95 = 5.6°) for Shitara by combining data from the Tsugu volcanic rocks and a coeval dike swarm. An anomalous direction found at three sites could be a record of an extraordinary field during a geomagnetic polarity transition or excursion. Paleomagnetic data from Shitara suggest that: (i) the western wing of the Kanto Syntaxis, a prominent cuspate geologic structure in central Honshu, underwent a counterclockwise rotation with respect to the main part of the southwestern Japan Arc between ca 17.5 Ma and 15 Ma; (ii) collision between the Japan and Izu–Bonin (Ogasawara) Arcs began prior to 15 Ma; and (iii) clockwise rotation of the entire southwestern part of the Japan Arc had ceased by 15 Ma.
Magnesium phosphate cements for endodontic applications with improved long‐term sealing ability
Authors: Mestres G. , Aguilera F. S. , Manzanares N. , Sauro S. , Osorio R. , Toledano M. , Ginebra M. P. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAimTo characterize three radiopaque Magnesium Phosphate Cements (MPCs) developed for endodontic purposes.MethodologyThree experimental MPCs containing Bi2O3 were formulated. The experimental cements, which consisted of mixtures of magnesium oxide with different phosphate salts, were characterized for setting time, injectability, porosity, compressive strength and phase composition. The long‐term sealing ability of the experimental MPCs applied in single‐rooted teeth as root canal filling material or as sealer in combination with gutta‐percha was also assessed using a highly sensitive fluid filtration system. A mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) cement was used as control. Statistical analysis was performed with two‐ or three‐way analysis of variance (anova) and Tukey's test was used for comparisons.ResultsThe addition of 10 wt% Bi2O3 within the composition of the MPCs provided an adequate radiopacity for endodontic applications according to ISO 6876 standard. The reaction products resulting from the MPCs were either struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) or an amorphous sodium magnesium phosphate. The porosity of the three MPCs ranged between 4% and 11%. The initial setting time of the experimental cements was between 6 and 9 min, attaining high early compressive strength values (17‐34 MPa within 2 h). All MPC formulations achieved greater sealing ability than MTA (P < 0.05) after 3 months, which was maintained after 6 months for two of the experimental cements (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThese MPCs had adequate handling and mechanical properties and low degradation rates. Furthermore, a stable sealing ability was demonstrated up to 6 months when using the cement both as root filling material and as sealer in conjunction with gutta‐percha.
Human dominant‐negative class II transactivator transgenic pigs – effect on the human anti‐pig T‐cell immune response and immune status
Authors: Hara Hidetaka , Witt William , Crossley Tanner , Long Cassandra , Isse Kumiko , Fan Liming , Phelps Carol J. , Ayares David , Cooper David K. C. , Dai Yifan , Starzl Thomas E. 
Published: April 2013

SummarySwine leucocyte antigen (SLA) class II molecules on porcine (p) cells play a crucial role in xenotransplantation as activators of recipient human CD4+ T cells. A human dominant‐negative mutant class II transactivator (CIITA‐DN) transgene under a CAG promoter with an endothelium‐specific Tie2 enhancer was constructed. CIITA‐DN transgenic pigs were produced by nuclear transfer/embryo transfer. CIITA‐DN pig cells were evaluated for expression of SLA class II with/without activation, and the human CD4+ T‐cell response to cells from CIITA‐DN and wild‐type (WT) pigs was compared. Lymphocyte subset numbers and T‐cell function in CIITA‐DN pigs were compared with those in WT pigs. The expression of SLA class II on antigen‐presenting cells from CIITA‐DN pigs was significantly reduced (40–50% reduction compared with WT; P < 0·01), and was completely suppressed on aortic endothelial cells (AECs) even after activation (100% suppression; P < 0·01). The human CD4+ T‐cell response to CIITA‐DN pAECs was significantly weaker than to WT pAECs (60–80% suppression; P < 0·01). Although there was a significantly lower frequency of CD4+ cells in the PBMCs from CIITA‐DN (20%) than from WT (30%) pigs (P < 0·01), T‐cell proliferation was similar, suggesting no significant immunological compromise. Organs and cells from CIITA‐DN pigs should be partially protected from the human cellular immune response.
Role of CD8+ T cells in triggering reversal reaction in HIV/leprosy patients
Authors: de Oliveira Ariane Leite , Amadeu Thaís Porto , de França Gomes Andressa Cristina , Menezes Vinícius Martins , da Costa Nery José Augusto , Pinheiro Roberta Olmo , Sarno Euzenir Nunes 
Published: April 2013

SummaryIt has been reported that the initiation of highly active anti‐retroviral therapy (HAART) is associated with the development of reversal reaction (RR) in co‐infected HIV/leprosy patients. Nevertheless, the impact of HIV and HAART on the cellular immune response to Mycobacterium leprae (ML) remains unknown. In the present study, we observed that ex vivo peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of both RR and RR/HIV patients presented increased percentages of activated CD4+ T cells when compared with the healthy individuals (HC) group. The frequency of CD8+ CD38+ cells increased in the PBMCs of RR/HIV patients but not in RR patients when compared with the HC group. Both RR and RR/HIV skin lesion cells presented similar percentages of activated CD4+ cells, but the numbers of activated CD8+ cells were higher in RR/HIV in comparison to the RR group. The frequency of interferon‐γ‐producing cells was high in response to ML regardless of HIV co‐infection. In ML‐stimulated cells, there was an increase in central memory CD4+ T‐cell frequencies in the RR and RR/HIV groups, but an increase in central memory CD8+ T‐cell frequency was only observed in the RR/HIV group. ML increased granzyme B+ effector memory CD8+ T‐cell frequencies in the RR/HIV PBMCs, but not in the HC and RR groups. Our data suggest that the increased expression of effector memory CD8+ T cells, together with greater perforin/granzyme B production, could be an additional mechanism leading to the advent of RR in co‐infected patients. Moreoever, this increased expression may explain the severity of RR occurring in these patients.