bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Phragmalin‐Type Limonoid Orthoesters from the Bark of Chukrasia tabularis var. velutina
Authors: Liu Wen‐Xing , Chen Duo‐Zhi , Ding Jia‐Yin , Hao Xiao‐Jiang , Li Shun‐Lin 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThree new phragmalin‐type limonoid orthoesters, velutabularins K–M (1–3) and seven structurally related known compounds were isolated from the bark of Chukrasia tabularis var. velutina. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. The structure of 1 was confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. In addition, the brine shrimp lethality of compounds 1, 3, and the known compounds was evaluated.
Two New Cucurbitane Triterpenoids from Immature Fruits of Momordica charantia
Authors: Li Zhen‐Jie , Chen Jian‐Chao , Deng Yuan‐Yuan , Song Na‐Li , Yu Mu‐Yuan , Zhou Lin , Qiu Ming‐Hua 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTwo new cucurbitane triterpenoids, kuguacin X (1) and kuguaglycoside I (2), together with three known analogs, were isolated from immature fruits of Momordica charantia. By detailed analysis of IR, NMR, and MS data, acid hydrolysis, and comparison with spectroscopic data of known compounds, the new compounds were determined to be (23E)‐5β,19‐epoxycucurbita‐6,23‐diene‐3β,22ξ,25‐triol (1) and (23E)‐5β,19‐epoxycucurbita‐6,23‐dien‐19‐on‐3β,25‐diol 3‐O‐β‐D‐allopyranoside (2).
Design and Synthesis of New Bile AcidSterol Conjugates Linked via 1,2,3‐Triazole Ring
Authors: Pospieszny Tomasz 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA new steroid conjugates have been obtained from bile acids and sterol derivatives using ‘click chemistry’. Intermolecular 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of the propargyl ester of bile acids (lithocholic, deoxycholic, and cholic acid) and azide derivatives of sterols (ergosterol and cholesterol) gave a new bile acidsterol conjugates linked with a 1,2,3‐triazole ring. The structures of all products were confirmed by spectroscopic (1H‐ and 13C‐NMR, and FT‐IR) analyses, mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS), and in silico biological activity evaluation methods (PASS), as well as PM5 semiempirical methods.
Synthesis of 1,3‐Dihydro‐3‐oxo‐2‐benzofuran‐1‐carboxylates via Intramolecular Cyclization of 2‐[2‐(Dimethoxymethyl)phenyl]‐ 2‐hydroxyalkanoates Followed by Oxidation
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuhiro , Kuroda Minami , Shigemura Yuuho 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA novel and efficient method for the preparation of 1,3‐dihydro‐3‐oxo‐2‐benzofuran‐1‐carboxylates 4 under mild conditions has been developed. Thus, the reaction of [2‐(dimethoxymethyl)phenyl]lithiums, generated easily from 1‐bromo‐2‐(dimethoxymethyl)benzenes 1, with α‐keto esters gives the corresponding 2‐[2‐(dimethoxymethyl)phenyl]‐2‐hydroxyalkanoates 2. The TsOH‐catalyzed cyclization of these hydroxy acetals is followed by the oxidation of the resulting cyclic acetals 3 with PCC to give the desired products in satisfactory yields. The reaction of [2‐(dimethoxymethyl)‐4,5‐dimethoxyphenyl]lithium with (MeOCO)2, followed by treatment with NaBH4 or organolithiums, affords 2‐[2‐(dimethoxymethyl)‐4,5‐dimethoxyphenyl]‐2‐hydroxyalkanoates 6, which can similarly be transformed into the corresponding 1,3‐dihydro‐3‐oxo‐2‐benzofuran‐1‐carboxylates 7 in reasonable yields.
Sink or Swim: Empowering Leadership and Overload in Teams' Ability to Deal with the Unexpected
Authors: Magni Massimo , Maruping Likoebe M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe notion of improvisation has recently emerged in managerial studies as a viable solution to flexibly dealing with unexpected occurrences in work environments. However, past research on team improvisation has overlooked the contingencies that allow teams to effectively improvise. Drawing upon demand‐control theory, we investigate how empowering leadership and overload affect the improvisation‐performance relationship in the context of 48 work teams. Our results suggest that empowering leadership positively moderates the relationship between improvisation and performance, while overload attenuates the same relationship. Moreover, we found a joint effect of overload and empowering leadership influencing the improvisation‐performance link, such that improvisation is most positively related to performance when empowering leadership is high and overload is low. Conversely, we found that empowering leadership is particularly detrimental to the improvisation‐performance relationship when team members perceive high degrees of overload. Our findings make important contributions to the extant team literature as well as to the emerging literature on team improvisation. We outline several significant insights for HR managers and team leaders who are responsible for supporting teams that face unexpected events in the work environment. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bioprinting and Tissue Engineering: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives
Authors: Seliktar Dror , Dikovsky Daniel , Napadensky Eduardo 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBioprinting in tissue engineering applies 3D printing technologies towards the development of precisely designed scaffolds for tissue repair and organ replacement. The printed scaffolds may incorporate polymeric constituents together with biological payloads, including cells and biochemically active additives. The scaffolds can be designed with spatial precision, achieving both biochemical and biophysical heterogeneity that mimic the extracellular environment of the body’s tissues. Recent advances in 3D bioprinting have applied a strategy of controlling physical properties together with bioactivity to influence specific interactions with cellular systems, including spatial and temporal patterns of biochemical and biomechanical cues that regulate cell behavior and improve tissue integration. Important new advances in tissue engineering have now been realized based on these approaches, and clinical applications for printed scaffolds continue to drive further improvements to 3D bioprinter technologies.
Feature extraction through generalization of histogram refinement technique for local region‐based object attributes
Authors: An Youngeun , Rasheed Waqas , Park Seungjin , Park Jongan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractContent based image retrieval (CBIR) is used to retrieve digital images from large databases. However, the problem of retrieving images on the basis of the contents remains largely unsolved. The proposed method of image retrieval is based on the information provided by histogram analysis of the intensity or grayscale values of images. Some additional properties are also calculated and used that are based on regional characteristics of various objects in the image. The need to retrieve the additional regional properties arises due to the fact that the standard histograms are insensitive to small changes in images. Many images of different types can have similar histograms, because, histograms provide only a coarse characterization of an image. This is the main disadvantage of using histograms. This research is based on the concept of Histogram Refinement (Pass and Zabih, IEEE Workshop Appl Comput Vision (1996), 96–102). Distributing the grayscale image intensities by splitting the pixels using their intensity values into several classes just like the histogram refinement method can provide an estimate of the object characteristics present in an image. After the calculation of clusters using a color refinement method, the inherent features of each of the clusters is calculated based on the regional properties of the clusters. These additional region based features expound some structural information of the image. Finally, all of these features are used for image retrieval. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 21, 298–306, 2011;
Depth map estimation based on linear regression using image focus
Authors: Malik Aamir Saeed , Song Taek Lyul , Choi Tae‐Sun 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis article presents a method for depth estimation using image focus based on the linear regression model. Two datasets are selected for each pixel based on the maximum value which is calculated using Laplacian operator. Then linear regression model is used to find lines that approximate these datasets. The best fit lines are found using least squares method. After approximating the two lines, their intersection point is calculated, and weights are assigned to calculate the new value for the depth map. The proposed method is compared with four depth estimation algorithms. Six different objects are selected for testing the proposed method. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 21, 241–246, 2011;
On the problem of gradient calibration in diffusion weighted imaging
Authors: Posnansky Oleg , Kupriyanova Yuliya , Shah N. Jon 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA calibration method for diffusion‐weighted imaging using an isotropic phantom is proposed. The key point of the method consists in finding optimized balancing times for different orientations of diffusion‐encoding gradients followed by retrospective rescaling of the diffusion‐weighted images. The correction protocol was applied to produce improved fractional anisotropy maps which were analyzed with statistical histograms. The results demonstrate that the described scheme of systematic error reduction is a valid approach for quality control studies of gradient system performance for diffusion‐weighted imaging. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 21, 271–279, 2011;
LEACHING AND FLUSHING OF ACIDITY IN THE RECLAMATION OF ACID SULPHATE SOIL, KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA
Authors: Wignyosukarto Budi Santoso 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTLowland reclamation for agricultural development was started 40 years ago in Indonesia. Part of the area is a tidal swamp that originated from marine sediment. Land reclamation by lowering the groundwater table promoted oxidation of acid sulphate soil that produced severe acidity. A tidal irrigation system that allows two‐way flow with a reservoir at the end of the channel was introduced at the beginning of development in order to maintain water movement and increase the volume of freshwater flow. After 40 years of reclamation, water and soil quality in several schemes indicate a slow improvement of acidity. After the dry season, acid water with pH 3 ~ 4 could be found in the canal, as well as potential acid sulphate soil still found in the shallow layer. Appropriate water management in the scheme should meet at least tree objectives, i.e. supplying enough water for leaching and diluting acid water, draining excess water during storms, and keeping the potential acid sulphate soil under reduced conditions in order to avoid excessive oxidation. Evaluation of the hydraulic performance of the existing main system indicates a need for upgrading of the channel to allow enough fresh water that could support the process of leaching and flushing. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Factors Related to Play Therapists' Social Justice Advocacy Attitudes
Authors: Parikh Sejal B. , Ceballos Peggy , Post Phyllis 
Published: October 2015

The authors used a correlational research design to examine how belief in a just world, political ideology, socioeconomic status of family of origin, and percentage of racial minority clients were related to social justice advocacy attitudes among play therapists. A multiple regression was used to analyze the data. Results indicated that belief in a just world and political ideology were related to social justice advocacy. Implications for play therapy training and future directions for research are discussed.Los autores emplearon un diseño correlacional de investigación para examinar cómo la creencia en un mundo justo, la ideología política, el estatus socioeconómico de la familia de origen y el porcentaje de clientes de minorías raciales estaban relacionados con actitudes de apoyo de la justicia social entre consejeros que usan terapia de juego. Se empleó una regresión múltiple para analizar los datos. Los resultados indicaron que la creencia en un mundo justo y la ideología política estaban relacionadas con la defensa de la justicia social. Se discuten las implicaciones para formación en terapia de juego y direcciones futuras para investigación.
2.2.1 Systems Integration: He Who Hesitates Is Lost
Authors: Armstrong James R. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMost discussions on integration focus on the activities during the building of the product. Early actions are limited to defining and controlling the interface requirements. With the reality of the increased costs of fixing problems late in the program and the general recognition that there are usually problems at the interfaces, this seems to be a less than optimum approach. This paper looks at several ways to improve the overall integration process and find those problems much earlier. Examples are given of both need for earlier actions and their benefit.
2.2.2 Maintaining Emergence in Systems of Systems Integration: a Contractual Approach using SysML
Authors: Bryans Jeremy , Fitzgerald John , Payne Richard , Kristensen Klaus 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper describes a pilot study in the use of model‐based techniques in system of systems (SoS) engineering. The focus is on the derivation of specifications for new constituent systems that are to be integrated with an existing SoS. The pilot study is based on a commercial application in the home audio/video domain and illustrates the application of architectural modeling guidelines to the description of a content‐streaming SoS using SysML and the formal COMPASS Modeling Language (CML). Analysis of the models leads to the derivation of a specification sufficient for constituent systems to guarantee a key leader election property of the SoS.
4.4.2 What color is your nail polish? How to use Myers‐Briggs personality characteristics to identify potential Systems Engineers in your organization
Authors: Russell Jennifer , Brinckerhoff Parsons 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSome have joked that extroverted engineers will look at your feet instead of their own when talking to you. Extroverted engineers attending the INCOSE International Symposium in 2013 may have noticed that many female Systems Engineers present wore unusual nail polish colors in the latest, fashionable blue and green shades. This raised the question, are Systems Engineers particularly sensitive to their environment? Are Systems Engineers better able to adapt and apply new concepts? Is there something outwardly distinguishable that hints which people have the capabilities Systems Engineers need? Many new disciplines are now using systems engineering practices and need to quickly find new Systems Engineers. Analyzing personality characteristics using the Myers‐Briggs Type Indicator provides a framework to recognize those with innate potential to be Systems Engineers.
5.1.1 Parametric Analysis Through a Model‐based Reference Architecture for Medical Device Development
Authors: Corns Steven , Thukral Ajay , Thukral Vijay 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper presents a proof of concept for the integration of the INCOSE Biomedical‐Healthcare Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) Challenge Team's modeling framework with a model‐based analysis method. This project investigated the inclusion of numerical analysis of an infusion pump and anesthesia using mathematical models integrated into the team's larger scope SysML drug delivery system medical device development modeling framework. The results of this work demonstrate how the results of a stochastic analysis can be integrated into a larger MBSE model. The inclusion of these results makes it possible for high level decisions to be informed by detailed engineering model analysis to give medical device designers the necessary data to speed development and utility of the devices they propose.
5.3.2 Conceptual Modeling of System‐Based Decision‐Making
Authors: Mordecai Yaniv , Dori Dov 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSystem‐based decision‐making functionality has matured over the last decade due to the constant evolution of technological decision execution capabilities. Intelligent agents, cyber‐physical systems employing automated and autonomous mechanisms and components, and recent breakthroughs of household robotics require standardized and formalized automated decision making (DM) process design. Employing an integrated systems thinking approach, we propose a model‐based approach which integrates decision‐support and decision‐making mechanisms into system models. Our formal conceptual metamodel streamlines a standard, generic DM process, enabling the coordination and consolidation of local system‐based decisions in a loosely coordinated system‐of‐systems or a complex system of autonomous agents into a coherent, environment‐aware global decision. Our framework utilizes Object Process Methodology – OPM – a robust conceptual modeling framework for complex system and process modeling and design.
6.4.2 Systems Engineering International Standards and Support Tools for Very Small Enterprises
Authors: Laporte Claude Y. , Houde Ronald , Marvin Joseph 
Published: October 2015

AbstractVery small entities are very important to the world‐wide economy. The products they develop are often integrated into products made by larger enterprises. To address their needs, a set of ISO/IEC 29110 systems engineering standards and guides, such as a management and engineering guide, has been developed using ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288. The INCOSE systems engineering handbook is used as the main reference for the development of a set of systems engineering deployment packages. A deployment package is a set of artefacts designed to facilitate the implementation of a standard or a set of practices in a very small entity. Two pilot projects using the new ISO/IEC 29110 are presented. A cost and benefits analysis from implementing ISO/IEC 29110 in an engineering firm is also presented as well as the future ISO/IEC 29110 management and engineering guide for start‐ups and for projects requiring no more than six person‐months of work. Finally, the certification scheme is discussed as well as future developments.
7.4.2 Systems Engineering for Software Intensive Projects Using Agile Methods
Authors: Rosser Larri , Marbach Phyllis , Osvalds Gundars , Lempia David 
Published: October 2015

Abstract“Systems engineering is an interdisciplinary approach and means to enable the realization of successful systems” as defined in the INCOSE Systems Engineering handbook. When software development teams apply agile software methodologies such as scrum, test driven development and continuous integration (collectively referred to as “Agile software development” hereafter); there are challenges in coordination with traditional systems engineering efforts. This paper, developed by the INCOSE Agile Systems Engineering Working Group, proposes methods for cross‐functional teams that include Systems and Software Engineers working on customer “pull” projects to produce software products. This paper defines a proposed Agile SE Framework that aligns with agile software development methodology, and describes the role of the Systems Engineer in this context. It presents an iterative approach to the aspects of development (requirements, design, etc.) that are relevant to systems engineering practice. This approach delivers frequent releasable products that result in the ability to absorb changes in mission requirements through collaboration between systems engineers and software engineers. The Agile SE Framework defines a way to scale agile from individual agile software teams with a few members to large projects that require a planned architecture and coordinated efforts.
Neonatal Persistent Exposure to 6‐Propyl‐2‐thiouracil, a Thyroid‐Disrupting Chemical, Differentially Modulates Expression of Hepatic Catalase and C/EBP‐β in Adult Rats
Authors: Bunker Suresh Kumar , Dandapat Jagneshwar , Sahoo Sunil Kumar , Roy Anita , Chainy Gagan B. N. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTPersistent exposure of rats to 6‐propyl‐2‐thiouracil (PTU) from birth resulted in decreases in plasma thyroid hormone (TH) levels and hepatic expression of catalase and CCAAT enhancer binding protein β (C/EBP‐β). Catalase promoter region (–185 to +52) that contains binding sites for C/EBP‐β showed an augmentation in the methylation level along with a change in methylation pattern of CpG islands in response to PTU treatment. PTU withdrawal on 30 days of birth restored TH levels and C/EBP‐β to control rats in adulthood. Although catalase expression was restored to some extent in adult rats in response to PTU withdrawal, a permanent change in its promoter CpG methylation pattern was recorded. The results suggest that downregulation of adult hepatic catalase gene in response to persistent neonatal PTU exposure may not solely be attributed to thyroid‐disrupting properties of PTU. It is possible that besides thyroid‐disrupting behavior, PTU may impair expression of hepatic catalase by altering methylation pattern of its promoter.
Italy: Demand for social responsibility in mergers and acquisitions
Authors: Ciambotti Massimo , Aureli Selena , Demartini Paola 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn Italy, there is a growing demand for social responsibility in mergers and acquisitions (M&As). Academic and newspaper articles are full of stories about M&As analyzed from the buyer's point of view. But this article looks at the other side of the story‐the view of the stakeholders of the selling firm. What are the risks that the buyer transforms, downsizes, or transfers the company to another location? How worried are current company stakeholders about this? And how does this affect a potential buyer's decisions? Should buyers consider local regulations, social norms, culture, and concerns? © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Regulation of cAMP Intracellular Levels in Human Platelets Stimulated by 2‐Arachidonoylglycerol
Authors: Signorello Maria Grazia , Leoncini Giuliana 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTWe demonstrated that in human platelets the endocannabinoid 2‐arachidonoylglycerol (2‐AG) decreased dose‐ and time‐dependently cAMP intracellular levels. No effect on cAMP decrease induced by 2‐AG was observed in the presence of the adenylate cyclase inhibitor SQ22536 as well in platelets pretreated with the thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist, SQ29548 or with aspirin, inhibitor of arachidonic acid metabolism through the cyclooxygenase pathway. An almost complete recovering of cAMP level was measured in platelets pretreated with the specific inhibitor of phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3A, milrinone. In platelets pretreated with LY294002 or MK2206, inhibitors of PI3K/AKT pathway, and with U73122, inhibitor of phospholipase C pathway, only a partial prevention was shown. cAMP intracellular level depends on synthesis by adenylate cyclase and hydrolysis by PDEs. In 2‐AG‐stimulated platelets adenylate cyclase activity seems to be unchanged. In contrast PDEs appear to be involved. In particular PDE3A was specifically activated, as milrinone reversed cAMP reduction by 2‐AG. 2‐AG enhanced PDE3A activity through its phosphorylation. The PI3K/AKT pathway and PKC participate to this PDE3A phosphorylation/activation mechanism as it was greatly inhibited by platelet pretreatment with LY294002, MK2206, U73122, or the PKC specific inhibitor GF109203X. Taken together these data suggest that 2‐AG potentiates its power of platelet agonist reducing cAMP intracellular level. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1240–1249, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.