bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRESERVATION OF SOFT-BODIED ORGANISMS IN EARLY CAMBRIAN CARBONATES
Authors: МАРУСИН В.В. , БЫКОВА Н.В. 
Published: June 2024

Сохранность мягкотелых организмов в виде слепков широко распространена в эдиакарской ископаемой летописи и встречается чрезвычайно редко в кембрии. Одним из факторов, негативно влияющих на сохранность мягких тканей, является биотурбация - перемешивание осадка роющими организмами. Именно появление зарывающихся билатерий и связанное с этим развитие биотурбации осадка рассматриваются в качестве одной из главных причин, приведших к исчезновению эдиакарских мягкотелых организмов около 540 млн лет. В рамках настоящего исследования нами изучены ископаемые остатки, сохранившиеся в виде слепков и отпечатков в карбонатных отложениях фортунского яруса кембрия Оленекского поднятия (северо-восток Сибирской платформы) в ассоциации с типичными для этого стратиграфического уровня ископаемыми следами жизнедеятельности. Общая морфология и сохранность этих остатков схожа с эдиакарскими органами прикрепления и микробиально-индуцированными осадочными текстурами. Объемная сохранность изученных остатков обусловлена аутигенной кристаллизацией кальцита и его дальнейшей раннедиагенетической доломитизацией. Хотя верхние интервалы слоев и были умеренно- и интенсивно биотурбированы, нижние интервалы, к которым и приурочены остатки, практически не перемешивались роющими организмами. Наше исследование подтверждает критическую важность специфических условий для сохранности мягкотелых организмов в виде слепков, которые все реже и реже появлялись в кембрии по мере интенсификации и пространственного распространения биотурбации в морских бассейнах.
Preservation of soft-bodied organisms as casts is common in the Ediacaran fossil record and extremely rare in Cambrian rocks. Among the factors, limiting fossilization of soft tissues, there is bioturbation-sediment disturbance by burrowing organisms. It is the emergence of burrowing metazoans and associated sediment bioturbation that is thought to be one of the major causes for the disappearance of Ediacaran soft-bodied organisms from the fossil record around ~540 Ma. Here, we study an assemblage of fossils preserved as casts in the Fortunian carbonates of the Olenek Uplift (northeastern Siberian Platform) in association with a typical Fortunian ichnoassemblage. The overall morphology and preservation of the fossils reveal that they comprise microbially induced sedimentary structures and soft-bodied holdfasts. The latter are vaguely reminiscent of some Ediacaran holdfasts, though it is unlikely that they include their phylogenetic descendants. Three-dimensional preservation of the studied fossils was caused by authigenic crystallization of calcite and its further early-diagenetic dolomitization. Our study confirms the critical importance of specific environmental conditions ensuring preservation of soft-bodied organisms as three-dimensional molds and casts. This unique interplay of environmental factors became rare in the Cambrian Period, which was caused by intensification and expansion of bioturbation in marine basins.
Two Sesquiterpenes from n-Hexane Fraction of Curcuma soloensis Rhizomes and Their Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Diastuti Hartiwi , Asnani Ari , Lestari Puji , Astuti Teni , Nurmalia Naela , Hidayat Ade Sholeh 
Published: June 2024

Curcuma soloensis is one of the medicinal plants that has the potential to be a source of bioactive compounds. The antimicrobial study of the bioactive compounds from C. soloensis was still limited. This study aimed to isolate the bioactive compounds from C. soloensis rhizomes and to evaluate their potential as antimicrobial agents. C. soloensis rhizome extraction was done using the maceration method with acetone and then fractionated with n-hexane: methanol (1:1). The compounds were separated and purified using vacuum liquid chromatography and radial chromatography. The structure of the isolated compounds was determined using the nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C NMR) spectroscopy analysis and comparison with literature data. Antimicrobial activity assays of the extract, n-hexane fraction, and isolated compounds were carried out by microdilution methods against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Malaszezia furfur. Two bioactive compounds from the n-hexane extract of C. soloensis rhizome have been isolated: ar-curcumene and ar-turmerone. Antimicrobial test results on acetone extract, n-hexane fraction, and isolated compounds showed that ar-turmerone had the highest activity against S. aureus with a MIC value of 15.6 μg / mL. In comparison, ar-curcumene showed the same activity against all test microbes with a MIC value of 62.5 μg / mL. This study showed that secondary metabolite compounds of C. soloensis rhizomes have the potential to be developed as antimicrobial agents.
Another piece of the puzzle: identifying the main patron of the great altarpiece of the Passion in Sibiu (Hermannstadt/Nagyszeben, Romania)
Authors: Firea Ciprian 
Published: June 2024

The altarpiece of the Passion of Christ preserved in the Evangelical church in Sibiu, created in 1519 by a skilful artist, Simon Pictor, using extensively the prints of Dürer and Altdorfer, represents one of the most spectacular surviving artworks of the Renaissance in Transylvania. Its subsequent transformation in 1545 and 1701 certainly enhanced its historical significance. The restoration of the artwork in the 1980s brought back to light very significant details: the dating of the original artwork (1519), two coats of arms hinting to the patronage, and a part of the genuine style of master simon. The identification of the sinister coat of arms, thus the one in the inferior heraldic position, as belonging to Johannes Lulay (royal judge and administrator of the royal mint of Sibiu) constituted the basis of extensive incursions in the patronage of this remarkable altarpiece. However, an important question remained unsolved: who could have been the other patron or commissioner of the altarpiece? As the preeminent position of the coat of arms (on the heraldic dextra) clearly indicates, this was an individual even higher in the hierarchy as Johannes Lulay himself.The assumption of the study is that this prominent patron was Paulus de Tomor/Tomori Pál. He remained in the Hungarian national consciousness as the heroical leader of the army in the „Mohácsi csata” of 29 August 1526, a critical turning point in the history of the state. This study contributes to the reveal of parts of his “Transylvanian biography,” his allegiances and political network in situ before he left the region, his patronal endeavours, and last, but not least, it discloses his real (and tinctured) coat of arms. At the same time, the great altarpiece of the Passion in Sibiu recovered another piece of its complex content, by the identification of the main patron (or, rather, the more honourable patron) in the person of Paulus de Tomor. Last, but not least, this study asserts that three of the characters depicted in the scene of the Lamentation over the dead Christ on the predella are in fact crypto-portraits of Johannes Lulay, his wife Clara Thabiassy, and his partner and superior Paulus Tomori.
Lamellar structures in directionally solidified naphthalene suspensions
Authors: Scotti Kristen L. , Voorhees Peter W. , Dunand David C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo investigate naphthalene as a suspending fluid for freeze-casting applications, sterically stabilized suspensions of copper microparticles suspended in liquid naphthalene are directionally solidified in a Bridgman furnace. Colonies of nearly particle-free naphthalene lamellae, interspersed with particle-enriched interlamellar regions, are predominantly aligned in the direction of the imposed thermal gradient. As furnace translation velocities decrease from 80 to 6.5 μm s−1, the thickness of naphthalene lamellae increases. For the lowest velocity, a transition to a lensing microstructure (with naphthalene bands aligned perpendicular to the solidification direction) is observed in central regions of samples. For all velocities, the naphthalene lamellae show (i) secondary dendritic arms on one of their sides and (ii) are thinnest within core regions relative to peripheral regions (closest to the crucible walls). Together, these observations suggest the presence of buoyancy-driven convection during solidification.
Graphical Abstract
Discurso de ódio na Espanha. Pesquisa sobre a percepção e a experiência da população
Authors: Gomes Barbosa Marcos Paulo , Blanco-Herrero David , Arcila-Calderón Carlos , Sánchez-Holgado Patricia 
Published: June 2024

Uma das principais formas do ódio se expressar no ambiente virtual é através do discurso. Apesar da relevância adquirida pela incitação ao ódio devido à mídia online, esse discurso pode ser veiculado por meio de diferentes suportes midiáticos, usando diversas estratégias, expressões e linguagens. Porém, para desenvolver estratégias de luta contra o fenômeno, é necessário contas com as opiniões da população, de maneira que se possa compreender que tipos de plataformas e de ódio são percebidos como mais frequentes, seguindo as aproximações de trabalhos prévios como Kenski (2020). Com isso, nosso estudo se propõe a contribuir com o conhecimento sobre a percepção e a experiência da população espanhola com o discurso de ódio nos meios de comunicação e redes sociais. Foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa baseada em um questionário previamente validado com uma amostra aleatória de 421 espanhóis obtidos através de um painel online subcontratado. Se busca descobrir como eles percebem e experimentam esse fenômeno nas redes sociais e se existem possíveis diferenças entre distintos grupos sociais. O trabalho conclui que mulheres, pessoas com maior nível de escolaridade e mais progressistas tendem a ser mais conscientes sobre o discurso de ódio, enquanto as diferenças de idade oferecem observações mais contraditórias e as diferenças de renda ou de tamanho dos concelhos em que vivem não se mostraram relevantes. As diferenças nunca têm um tamanho de efeito elevado.
Predictors of immediate postpartum anemia among singleton postpartum women, Dire Dawas, Ethiopia: hospital based cross sectional study
Authors: Beshir Asma B. , Yasin Aminu M. , Tekle Mickiale H. , Asegid Daniel T. 
Published: June 2024

Background: Immediate postpartum anemia is a condition where hemoglobin concentrations are lower than normal, which complicates maternal lives, including death. But so far, studies across Ethiopia have been inconsistent and lacking in the study area. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the magnitude and predictors of immediate postpartum anemia among singleton postpartum women which could help in interventions. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2022 in the public hospitals in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. Participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and medical card review, entered into EPI DATA (version 3.1) and analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) (version 22). A p value of 0.05 or less at multivariate with 95% confidence intervals was considered statistically significant. Results: Of 476 participants, 26.9% had immediate postpartum anemia and significantly associated with lack of formal education (AOR=3.01, 95% CI: 1.12–8.08), unemployment (AOR=2.72, 95% CI: 1.02–7.21), number of ANC visits (AOR=2.40, 95% CI: 1.32–4.30), instrumental delivery (AOR=3.70, 95% CI: 1.952–6.86), pre-delivery anemia (AOR=2.96, 95% CI: 1.48–5.91), gastro-intestinal parasites (AOR=3.23, 95% CI: 1.37–7.59), low dietary diversity (AOR=3.10, 95% CI: 1.65–5.79), and no iron supplementation during pregnancy (AOR=2.69, 95% CI:1.10–6.58). Conclusions: Almost one in four singleton postpartum women had immediate postpartum anemia. Findings indicate a public health problem and interventions need on risk factors.
Correlation of Sperm DNA Fragmentation Index With Semen Parameters, Lifestyle and Clinical Pregnancy Outcome After Intracytoplasmic Injection
Authors: Ebrahimi Mahbod , Asbagh Firoozeh Akbari , Tavakoli Mojgan , Eshraghi Nasim , Poormand Naghmeh , Ghaemi Marjan 
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study aimed to measure the correlation of sperm DNA fragmentation with semen parameters, lifestyle, and fertility outcomes after intracytoplasmic injection (ICSI).
Materials and methods: The partners who were candidates for ICSI with a history of one In vitro fertilization (IVF) failure or male factor were recruited in the study. Semen parameters including sperm count, motility, and morphology as well as DNA fragmentation index (DFI) (that were divided into 2 groups as high (>15%), and low (≤15%) fragmentation scales) were evaluated either. The correlation of DFI with semen parameters, lifestyle, and clinical pregnancy after ICSI were compared between groups.
Results: In 120 included couples, 59 men (49.2%) had DFIs ≤ 15% and 61 (50.8%) cases had DFIs >15%. In the group with higher DFI, abnormal morphology (p=0.010) was higher whereas, progressive motility (p=0.001), total motility (p<0.001), and total count (p<0.001) of sperm were significantly lower. In addition, the DFI was significantly higher in the subgroup of male infertility (0.012). Logistic regression showed that a lower risk of DFI>15% was associated with higher values of progressive motility (OR=0.97, p=0.001), total motility (OR=0.96, p=<0.001), count (OR=0.96, p=<0.001) and even clinical pregnancy (OR=0.27, p=0.011). However, a history of testicular surgery was associated with a higher risk of DFI>15% (OR=3.37, p=0.046). Although no correlation was found between male age and lifestyle components with DFI, the number of embryos was lower in DFI≥15% (p<0.001).
Conclusion: DFI provide a clinically important measurement of sperm quality and have an impact on IVF outcomes; however, lifestyle components may not correlate with DFI.
Implicaciones de la alimentación continua sobre la demanda de oxígeno en un pez agástrico con intestino corto (Teleostei: Atherinopsidae)
Authors: Fonseca-Madrigal Jorge , Martínez-Chávez C. Cristian , Ríos-Durán María Gisela , Navarrete-Ramírez Pamela , Mariño-Reyes Laura , Martínez Palacios Carlos 
Published: June 2024

Continuous illumination and increased feeding periods have enhanced growth in commercial fish species. However, oxygen consumption under these conditions has yet to be previously assessed in agastric short-intestine fish. This study evaluated Chirostoma estor (Atherinopsidae) oxygen consumption under three specific feeding and light regimes: resting-unfed, routine-fed, and continuous light/feeding. Fish in the continuous light/feeding condition presented oxygen consumption levels 60 and 20% higher than resting-unfed and routine-fed fish, respectively. The latter implies that constant high oxygen supply levels are required to satisfy the demand for C. estor raised under these high growth rate conditions. The present study shows the relevance of determining oxygen consumption levels during continuous illumination and extended feeding periods to consider optimal oxygen levels required to achieve better performance indicators, such as the growth and welfare of atherinopsids and species with similar digestive configurations.
Metals for the Energy Transition: Exploring Opportunities Amidst Supply-Demand Imbalance
Authors: De Donno M. G. 
Published: June 2024

The demand for ‘energy transition’ metals is expected to surge in the coming years. Despite increasing investments in mining, there remains an inadequacy in meeting the supply-demand equilibrium. Several factors contribute to this phenomenon; for instance, mining ventures entail substantial capital investments, protracted lead times, and arduous permit acquisition processes. Furthermore, over the past decade, mining enterprises have focused on restoring their financial standings amidst low commodity prices, resulting in a prevailing sense of caution in decision-making throughout the remainder of the decade. Therefore, the sector is opening up new opportunities for fresh investors, innovative business models, and emerging players in anticipation of the forthcoming super-cycle. The energy transition brings with it unique challenges and opportunities. Projections indicate a rise in raw material prices, an abundance of potential projects globally, and a rapid growth in the demand for metals coupled with government backing to address energy security concerns. However, as long as investor confidence remains subdued, costs stay high, and the permitting process progresses slowly; it is difficult for mining companies to initiate further investments.
This article delves into the role of metals and minerals in the energy transition, highlighting the material-intensive nature of the net-zero economy. It elucidates, drawing from a cash flow analysis spanning the past two decades, the persisting reluctance of mining companies to invest and the resultant potential threats to supply-demand dynamics. Moreover, it examines the emergence of new entrants in the mining industry, such as EV manufacturers, driven by the necessity to secure their supply chains. Other potential entrants, driven by other motivations, include oil and gas companies. Indeed, oil and gas (O&G) companies seek diversification from their core business. The challenges associated with entering the mining industry stem from the limited synergies between the sectors, divergent stakeholders, and the trend of numerous oil majors diversifying into new energy sectors, culminating in a progressively intricate array of business models. However, integrating the two would establish a ‘natural resources entity’ able to facilitate investments in metals crucial for accelerating the transition.
Evolution of a Digital Twin for Underground Gas Storage Wells: Thermal Effects of Tubing Gas Flow on Annulus Pressure in Transient Conditions
Authors: Busollo C. , Abdo E. , Kattar M. , Mauro S. , Troise M. , Salamina L. 
Published: June 2024

Underground Gas Storage (UGS) wells are essential assets in the energy security and sufficiency strategy of any nation. UGS wells present a complex set of equipment that are carefully fit together to create the functioning well envelope responsible for maintaining the well within its working limits. The set of equipment forming the well envelope are referred to as well barriers and it is essential to maintain them in an integral and functioning status.
The ongoing advancement in technology, computer science and in remote monitoring has enhanced the efficiency of oil and gas production and the maintenance of new and old assets [1] [2]. Continuous and real time analysis of well barrier status allows to capture the smallest details in the functioning of the well barrier as well as timely intervention, if necessary. [3] introduces a modern integrated logging suite used for the identification of possible leaks in the casing or in other elements of UGS wells.
Digital Twins have led the way in this regard allowing operators to drill and operate the well virtually alongside the real operation. Well interventions, planned to restore the integrity of a well barrier, can be implemented virtually first, and the results of the intervention can be evaluated. This helps save time and cost. Digital Twins simplify the management of UGS wells since their performances are easily monitored, allowing management levels of oil companies to manage many wells efficiently [4]. In [5] the development of an assisting production decision technology based on DT technologies is shown; the model is divided in different layers that concern data, model, simulation, logics, and result visualization. In [6] the description of the digital twin of wellbore, used to monitor in real-time more than 230 production and injection wells. The reliability of the Digital Twins allowed the use of the model as digital instrumentation during operations performed on wellbores that do not have sensors. An operator in [7], instead, presents the digital twin of the production phase of a deep-water wellbore on the Brazilian coast, and the successful results of a real-time case study.
Asset Re-Purposing Feasibility for Geothermal Energy Production in Ukraine
Authors: Nye R. , Schiuma A. D. , Yan M. , Mejia C. , Popadynets T. , Demchuk Y. , Iuras S. 
Published: June 2024

Summary
According to the new energy strategy in Ukraine, the production of electricity from alternative sources should increase to 25-30% till 2030 and geothermal energy should make up 2% of the total energy supply. The expected installed capacity of geothermal energy for heating & cooling and electricity generation in 2030 is 50 ktoe (or 11630 MWh) and 20 MW accordingly. This project introduces an innovative use of technology and a novel business model for clean power generation through a collaboration between Ukraine, the US and the UK. The project is to screen and evaluate abandoned deep Oil & Gas and hydrothermal wells for repurposing to geothermal wells for power generation and/or heat production. This contributes to the energy demand of Ukrainians and to overcome the energy crisis. The project aimed to support Ukraine to build a new energy model for post-war Ukraine, accelerate decarbonization, and promote early-stage development, strategy planning, capacity building, networking and awareness of geothermal energy applications.
The project evaluates untapped geothermal potential from existing wells in the highly promising western part of Ukraine. An innovative, integrated cloud-based workflow, tailored to Ukraine, aimed at evaluating the cost-effectiveness of adopting geothermal production in low to medium enthalpy systems by repurposing the wells, has been implemented. The workflow introduces an automated and intrinsically secure decision-making process to convert mature wells into geothermal wells, enabling both operational and financial assessment of the conversion process.
Tailoring the geothermal solution to Ukraine has involved considering its unique geographical, economic, and political factors. Priorities included increasing energy efficiency, diversifying energy sources, and promoting renewable energy.
The results of this feasibility study will now assist operating companies explore Ukraine for geothermal heat and power generation, in particular when doing a full ESG and cost-based analysis. While the results and potential show a promising outcome, potential challenges such as well integrity are still to be investigated further. Local energy companies in the west of Ukraine, who are looking to stabilize the grid - will be the off-takers of such a development in the future.
The proposed workflow focuses on the reliability and transparency of fully automated technical processes for the geological, hydrodynamic, and mechanical configuration of the production system to ensure the financial success of the conversion projects, in terms of heat production potential and cost of development. The components are evaluated using artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms that reduce bias in the decision-making process and incorporate a blockchain framework to ensure transparency of technical-related processes and tasks, driving the financial success of the conversion project.