bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green synthesis of magnetite iron oxide nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica leaf extract loaded on reduced graphene oxide and degradation of methylene blue
Authors: Akhtar Muhammad Shahbaz , Fiaz Sania , Aslam Sohaib , Chung Shinho , Ditta Allah , Irshad Muhammad Atif , Al-Mohaimeed Amal M. , Iqbal Rashid , Al-onazi Wedad A. , Rizwan Muhammad , Nakashima Yoshitaka 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the current arena, new-generation functional nanomaterials are the key players for smart solutions and applications including environmental decontamination of pollutants. Among the plethora of new-generation nanomaterials, graphene-based nanomaterials and nanocomposites are in the driving seat surpassing their counterparts due to their unique physicochemical characteristics and superior surface chemistry. The purpose of the present research was to synthesize and characterize magnetite iron oxide/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites (FeNPs/rGO) via a green approach and test its application in the degradation of methylene blue. The modified Hummer's protocol was adopted to synthesize graphene oxide (GO) through a chemical exfoliation approach using a graphitic route. Leaf extract of Azadirachta indica was used as a green reducing agent to reduce GO into reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Then, using the green deposition approach and Azadirachta indica leaf extract, a nanocomposite comprising magnetite iron oxides and reduced graphene oxide i.e., FeNPs/rGO was synthesized. During the synthesis of functionalized FeNPs/rGO, Azadirachta indica leaf extract acted as a reducing, capping, and stabilizing agent. The final synthesized materials were characterized and analyzed using an array of techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction analysis, and UV–visible spectrophotometry. The UV–visible spectrum was used to evaluate the optical characteristics and band gap. Using the FT-IR spectrum, functional groupings were identified in the synthesized graphene-based nanomaterials and nanocomposites. The morphology and elemental analysis of nanomaterials and nanocomposites synthesized via the green deposition process were investigated using SEM–EDX. The GO, rGO, FeNPs, and FeNPs/rGO showed maximum absorption at 232, 265, 395, and 405 nm, respectively. FTIR spectrum showed different functional groups (OH, COOH, C=O), C–O–C) modifying material surfaces. Based on Debye Sherrer's equation, the mean calculated particle size of all synthesized materials was < 100 nm (GO = 60–80, rGO = 90–95, FeNPs = 70–90, Fe/GO = 40–60, and Fe/rGO = 80–85 nm). Graphene-based nanomaterials displayed rough surfaces with clustered and spherical shapes and EDX analysis confirmed the presence of both iron and oxygen in all the nanocomposites. The final nanocomposites produced via the synthetic process degraded approximately 74% of methylene blue. Based on the results, it is plausible to conclude that synthesized FeNPs/rGO nanocomposites can also be used as a potential photocatalyst degrader for other different dye pollutants due to their lower band gap.
Systematic review and feasibility study on pre-analytical factors and genomic analyses on archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissue
Authors: Salgkamis Dimitrios , Sifakis Emmanouil G. , Agartz Susanne , Wirta Valtteri , Hartman Johan , Bergh Jonas , Foukakis Theodoros , Matikas Alexios , Zerdes Ioannis 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFormalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue represents a valuable source for translational cancer research. However, the widespread application of various downstream methods remains challenging. Here, we aimed to assess the feasibility of a genomic and gene expression analysis workflow using FFPE breast cancer (BC) tissue. We conducted a systematic literature review for the assessment of concordance between FFPE and fresh-frozen matched tissue samples derived from patients with BC for DNA and RNA downstream applications. The analytical performance of three different nucleic acid extraction kits on FFPE BC clinical samples was compared. We also applied a newly developed targeted DNA Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) 370-gene panel and the nCounter BC360® platform on simultaneously extracted DNA and RNA, respectively, using FFPE tissue from a phase II clinical trial. Of the 3701 initial search results, 40 articles were included in the systematic review. High degree of concordance was observed in various downstream application platforms. Moreover, the performance of simultaneous DNA/RNA extraction kit was demonstrated with targeted DNA NGS and gene expression profiling. Exclusion of variants below 5% variant allele frequency was essential to overcome FFPE-induced artefacts. Targeted genomic analyses were feasible in simultaneously extracted DNA/RNA from FFPE material, providing insights for their implementation in clinical trials/cohorts.
Functional roles of pantothenic acid, riboflavin, thiamine, and choline in adipocyte browning in chemically induced human brown adipocytes
Authors: Takeda Yukimasa , Dai Ping 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBrown fat is a therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity-associated metabolic diseases. However, nutritional intervention strategies for increasing the mass and activity of human brown adipocytes have not yet been established. To identify vitamins required for brown adipogenesis and adipocyte browning, chemical compound-induced brown adipocytes (ciBAs) were converted from human dermal fibroblasts under serum-free and vitamin-free conditions. Choline was found to be essential for adipogenesis. Additional treatment with pantothenic acid (PA) provided choline-induced immature adipocytes with browning properties and metabolic maturation, including uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression, lipolysis, and mitochondrial respiration. However, treatment with high PA concentrations attenuated these effects along with decreased glycolysis. Transcriptome analysis showed that a low PA concentration activated metabolic genes, including the futile creatine cycle-related thermogenic genes, which was reversed by a high PA concentration. Riboflavin treatment suppressed thermogenic gene expression and increased lipolysis, implying a metabolic pathway different from that of PA. Thiamine treatment slightly activated thermogenic genes along with decreased glycolysis. In summary, our results suggest that specific B vitamins and choline are uniquely involved in the regulation of adipocyte browning via cellular energy metabolism in a concentration-dependent manner.
Optical inactivation of intracellular molecules by fast-maturating photosensitizing fluorescence protein, HyperNova
Authors: Shidara Hisashi , Shirai Taku , Ozaki-Noma Ryohei , Jitsuki Susumu , Nagai Takeharu , Takemoto Kiwamu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhotosensitizing fluorescence protein is a promising tool for chromophore-assisted light inactivation (CALI) that enables specific oxidation and inactivation of intracellular molecules. However, a commonly used monomeric photosensitizing fluorescent protein, SuperNova, shows a low CALI efficiency due to its insufficient maturation at 37 °C, thereby limiting the application of CALI to various molecules, especially in mammalian cells. Here, we present a photosensitizing fluorescence protein, HyperNova, with markedly improved maturation at 37 °C, leading to greatly enhanced CALI efficiency. Exploiting this quality, HyperNova enables the application of CALI to variety of molecules such as a mitotic kinase and transcriptional factors that were highly challenging with conventional SuperNova. To further demonstrate the utility of HyperNova, we have also succeeded in developing novel CALI techniques for MAP kinases by HyperNova. Our findings suggest that HyperNova has the potential to expand the molecular toolbox for manipulating biological events in living cells, providing new avenues for investigating cellular signaling pathways.
Alternative cancer clinics’ use of Google listings and reviews to mislead potential patients
Authors: Zenone Marco , Snyder Jeremy , van Schalkwyk May , Bélisle-Pipon Jean-Christophe , Hartwell Greg , Caulfield Timothy , Maani Nason 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Alternative cancer clinics, who provide treatment associated with earlier time to death, actively seek to create favorable views of their services online. An unexplored means where alternative cancer clinics can shape their appeal is their Google search results.

Methods
We retrieved the Google listing and Google reviews of 47 prominent alternative cancer clinics on August 22, 2022. We then conducted a content analysis to assess the information cancer patients are faced with online.

Results
Google listings of alternative treatment providers rarely declared the clinic was an alternative clinic versus a conventional primary cancer treatment provider (12.8% declared; 83.0% undeclared). The clinics were highly rated (median, 4.5 stars of 5). Reasons for positive reviews included treatment quality (n = 519), care (n = 420), and outcomes (n = 316). 288 reviews presented the clinics to cure or improve cancer. Negative reviews presented alternative clinics to financially exploit patients with ineffective treatment (n = 98), worsen patients’ condition (n = 72), provide poor care (n = 41), and misrepresent outcomes (n = 23).

Conclusions
The favorable Google listing and reviews of alternative clinics contribute to harmful online ecosystems. Reviews provide compelling narratives but are an ineffective indicator of treatment outcomes. Google lacks safeguards for truthful reviews and should not be used for medical decision-making.
A translational framework of genoproteomic studies for cardiovascular drug discovery
Authors: Yang Zhao , Zhao Jie V. , Qi Yue , Deng Xuan , Ji Zhili , Liu Jing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCardiovascular drug development has faced significant challenges in recent decades. The emergence of population-scale genome- and proteome-wide data, alongside sophisticated genetic analytical tools like Mendelian randomization and pragmatic target trials, presents an unprecedented chance to identify and validate drug-targeting proteins for cardiovascular disease. However, how to translate these advances into clinical applications remains to be discovered. This study proposes and validates a translational framework that leverages emerging genoproteomic data and cutting-edge causal analysis techniques to address the intricate benefit-risk concerns associated with cardiovascular drug development. Specifically, the framework elucidates underlying biological mechanisms, identifies and validates potential drug-targeting proteins, and explores the unintended side effects, complementary with pragmatic target trials. Moreover, we illustrate the translational framework via a step-by-step example alongside practical implementation recommendations for cardiovascular drug discovery. We envision this translational framework as a starting point in advancing multi-omics studies, thereby accelerating cardiovascular drug development.
Asymmetric synthesis of acyclic N–N axially chiral indole compounds via catalytic N-acylation reaction
Authors: Huang Zilu , Xu Yunyi , Lin Wei , Qian Rui , Zhang Wei , Li Xin 
Published: August 2024

Herein, we present an enantioselective synthesis of N-aminoindoles bearing a N–N axis via chiral isothiourea catalyzed asymmetric N-acylation. Notably, some of the products exhibited promising cytotoxicity activities against some cancer cell lines.
Impact of Hearing Aid Processing Delay on Stop Consonant Voicing Perception in Open Fittings
Authors: Korhonen Petri , Slugocki Christopher , Kuk Francis , Peeters Heidi 
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
Hearing aid (HA) processing delay results in asynchronous overlap of the input sound and the delayed amplified sound at the eardrum in open-ear fittings. This may distort the temporal cues used for stop-consonant voicing distinctions. The current study evaluated the impact of HA processing delay on voiced–voiceless categorization of syllable initial consonants /d/ and /t/ for a range of voice onset times (VOTs).

Method:

Nineteen older listeners (
M
age
= 73 years) with mild–moderate sensorineural hearing loss participated. All listeners performed the voiced–voiceless categorization task in double-blind within-subjects design. Thirteen stimulus tokens along the /di:/ - /ti:/ continuum were created by varying VOTs. Stimuli were then processed using an HA simulator, which simulated the overall sound pressure levels measured at the eardrum in open-ear fittings with four processing delay times (0, 0.5, 5, and 8 ms). Individualized stimuli were generated for each listener based on their audiogram and presented via calibrated ear inserts at the most comfortable listening level. Performance across all VOT intervals was fitted with psychometric functions, which were then used to estimate the voiced–voiceless crossover point and the slope parameter for each simulated delay condition.

Results:
The crossover point along the voiced–voiceless continuum shifted systematically with increased processing delay toward voiced /di:/ over unvoiced /ti:/ percepts. The shift in the crossover point between the 0-ms reference condition and the 8-ms processing delay condition corresponded to 5.8 ms of change in VOT. The 8-ms processing delay condition resulted in significantly shallower categorization slopes compared to the 0- and 0.5-ms delay conditions.

Conclusions:
Temporal distortions created by HA processing delay in open-ear fittings impacted voicing perception of syllable initial stop-consonant stimuli near the voiced–voiceless crossover point. Short HA processing delay should be considered for open-ear fittings to preserve the natural VOT cues used for voicing detection.
Stuttering Impact and Patient Trust in Indian Health Care: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mallipeddi Nathan V. , Aulov Sivan , Perez Hector R. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
This study aims to determine the relationship between (a) stuttering impact and trust in the health care system and (b) stuttering impact and trust in physicians among persons who stutter in India.

Method:
This quantitative study utilized cross-sectional electronic surveys to assess the experiences of 118 adults who stutter in India. The surveys queried (a) stuttering impact, (b) trust in the health care system, and (c) trust in physicians.

Results:

Stuttering impact is strongly negatively associated with trust in the health care system (
r
= −.940,
p
≤ .0001,
R
2
= .885) and strongly negatively associated with trust in physicians (
r
= −.941,
p
≤ .0001,
R
2
= .885). Controlling for age, gender, and income does not affect these relationships.

Conclusions:
The strongly significant associations found in this study between stuttering impact and trust call attention to how interrelated stuttering experiences are with trust in health care. Speech-language pathologists around the globe may wish to discuss how stuttering might affect health care experiences with their clients who stutter to build rapport, to advocate for people who stutter, and to better support their health professional colleagues.
Intracranial hematoma segmentation on head CT based on multiscale convolutional neural network and transformer
Authors: Li Guangyu , Gao Kai , Liu Changlong , Li Shanze 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntracranial hematoma, a severe brain injury caused by trauma or cerebrovascular disease, can result in blood accumulation and compression of brain tissue. Untreated cases can cause headaches, impaired consciousness, and even brain tissue damage or death. Therefore, early and accurate diagnosis is crucial. Traditional segmentation methods require physicians with extensive clinical experience and expertise to manually mark out the hematoma region, but for hematoma cases with irregular shapes and uneven grey levels, this process is cumbersome, and the segmentation results are not good. Existing deep learning‐based methods are more likely to perform binary segmentation, considering all hematomas as a class and segmenting them, but this segmentation cannot capture more detailed information and lacks the analysis of different types of hematomas. To address these problems, an ICH segmentation network combining CNN and Transformer Encoder is proposed for accurate segmentation of different types of hematomas. The network incorporated edge information and long‐range context into the segmentation process. Experimental results using the CQ500 dataset demonstrate comparable performance to existing methods, with mIoU (0.8705), TPR (0.9273), mAP (0.9300), and DSC (0.9286) as the best metrics achieved by this paper's method.
Face super resolution with a high frequency highway
Authors: Zeng Dan , Jiang Wen , Yan Xiao , Fu Weibao , Shen Qiaomu , Veldhuis Raymond , Tang Bo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFace shape priors such as landmarks, heatmaps, and parsing maps are widely used to improve face super resolution (SR). It is observed that face priors provide locations of high‐frequency details in key facial areas such as the eyes and mouth. However, existing methods fail to effectively exploit the high‐frequency information by using the priors as either constraints or inputs. This paper proposes a novel high frequency highway () framework to better utilize prior information for face SR, which dynamically decomposes the final SR face into a coarse SR face and a high frequency (HF) face. The coarse SR face is reconstructed from a low‐resolution face via a texture branch, using only pixel‐wise reconstruction loss. Meanwhile, the HF face is directly generated from face priors via an HF branch that employs the proposed inception–hourglass model. As a result, allows the face priors to have a direct impact on the SR face by adding the outputs of both branches as the final result and provides an extra face editing function. Extensive experiments show that significantly outperforms state‐of‐the‐art face SR methods, is general for different texture branch models and face priors, and is robust to dataset mismatch and pose variations.
Compact linear‐phase bandpass filters with notched frequency response employing eighth‐mode substrate integrated waveguide and dual‐mode microstrip line structure
Authors: Yang Hang , Wang Xiang , Yang Xian‐Long , Zhu Xiao‐Wei , Wu Wen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA series of fourth‐order bandpass filters (BPFs) with compact footprints, broad bandwidth, high selectivity, linear phase and notched response are proposed. The sketch of these BPFs is in accordance with the combination of the eighth‐mode substrate integrated waveguide (EMSIW) and dual‐mode microstrip line (DMML) resonators. The DMML resonator is constructed by means of metallic via‐holes and pad in the double‐layered structures. Among them, the DMML resonator can provide two transmission poles. Besides, the cross coupling is introduced through the vertical slot or fan‐shaped aperture in the dual‐layered substrates. The coupling schemes of the proposed BPFs can introduce two transmission zeros in the vicinity of operating passband, and the coupled scheme also exhibits a relatively flat in‐band group delay. Notched frequency responses have been obtained by exploiting the U‐shaped resonator and folded‐ring resonator embedded with the mixed EMSIW and DMML BPFs. To validate the conceptual design, the proposed BPFs are simulated, fabricated and measured. Both the simulation and measurement have reached to a satisfactory agreement.
Model predictive control of 3L‐NPC inverter to enhance fault ride through capability under unbalanced grid conditions
Authors: Smith Cameron , Gargoom Ameen , Arif M. T. , Haque Md. Enamul 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnbalanced voltages are becoming increasingly common in distribution networks due to the growing integrations of distributed renewable energy resources as well as large loads such as electric vehicle chargers. Such unbalanced voltages introduce significant control challenges as they produce ripples in the controlling signals, impacting the operation of inverters during the unbalanced conditions. Therefore, this paper proposes a controlling algorithm for three‐level inverters aimed at suppressing these ripples on controlling signals; improving the overall performance of inverters, and consequently enhancing the fault ride‐through capability under unbalanced conditions and faults. The proposed controlling algorithm enables inverters to operate in either a balanced current output mode or a suppressed‐ripple active power output mode, depending on the specific event scenario and demands from the grid operators. Current harmonics are suppressed even under severe faults. For improving the voltage balance on the DC capacitors in three‐level inverters, an enhanced method of neutral point current prediction is presented. The proposed method ensures higher balancing accuracy through the use of weighted switching costs, avoiding the requirement of a balancing controller or current extrapolation. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller for reliable grid operation.
Discrete model and non‐linear characteristics analysis of magnetic coupled resonant wireless power transfer system with constant power load
Authors: Huang Liangyu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMagnetically coupled resonant wireless power transfer (MCR‐WPT) system with constant power load (CPL), finds extensive applications in military, industrial, and medical treatment. However, this system can easily exhibit complex non‐linear behaviors under certain parameter conditions due to the influences of constant power loads, switching devices, and feedback controllers. These behaviors limit the effectiveness of controllers and reduce the efficiency and stability of the system. It is necessary to study the non‐linear characteristics of the MCR‐WPT system with CPL. The stroboscopic discrete mapping of the MCR‐WPT system with CPL is established. Then the system's non‐linear dynamics are analyzed theoretically using a bifurcation diagram, the maximal Floquet multipliers, and the maximal Lyapunov exponent spectrum obtained from the proposed discrete mapping. The results show that the MCR‐WPT system with CPL will exhibit rich non‐linear dynamics with the variation of the power of CPL, such as cyclic fold bifurcation, Neimark–Scaker bifurcation, border collision bifurcations, chaos, etc. The excellent alignment of experimental and theoretical outcomes in corresponding states confirms the accuracy of the proposed discrete mapping and the nonlinear analysis of the system. The results of this study can provide a reference for selecting parameters for an actual MCR‐WPT system with CPL.