bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploration of Pharmacological Mechanism of Cinnamomum tamala Essential Oil in Treating Inflammation based on Network Pharmacology, Molecular Modelling, and Experimental Validation
Authors: Mohanty Debajani , Padhee Sucheesmita , Jena Sudipta , Sahoo Ambika , Panda Pratap Chandra , Nayak Sanghamitra , Ray Asit 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Cinnamomum tamala (Buch.-Ham.) T.Nees & Eberm., also known as Indian bay leaf,
holds a distinctive position in complementary and alternative medicinal systems due to its anti-inflammatory
properties. However, the active constituents and key molecular targets by which C. tamala essential oil (CTEO)
exerts its anti-inflammatory action remain unclear.

Objective:
The present study used network pharmacology and experimental validation to investigate the mechanism
of CTEO in the treatment of inflammation.

Methods:
GC-MS analysis was used to identify the constituents of CTEO. The key constituents and core targets
of CTEO against inflammation were obtained by network pharmacology. The binding mechanism between
the active compounds and inflammatory genes was ascertained by molecular docking and molecular dynamics
simulation analysis. The pharmacological mechanism predicted by network pharmacology was verified
in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) cell lines.

Results:
Forty-nine constituents were identified by GC-MS analysis, with 44 constituents being drug-like candidates.
A total of 549 compounds and 213 inflammation-related genes were obtained, revealing 68 overlapping
genes between them. Compound target network analysis revealed cinnamaldehyde as the core bioactive
compound with the highest degree score. PPI network analysis demonstrated Il-1β, TNF-α, IL8, IL6 and TLR4
as key hub anti-inflammatory targets. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed a Toll-like receptor signalling pathway
as the principally regulated pathway associated with inflammation. A molecular docking study showed
that cinnamaldehyde strongly interacted with the Il-1β, TNF-α and TLR-4 proteins. Molecular dynamics simulations
and MMPBSA analysis revealed that these complexes are stable without much deviation and have better
free energy values. In cellular experiments, CTEO showed no cytotoxic effects on RAW 264.7 murine
macrophages. The cells treated with LPS exhibited significant reductions in NO, PGE2, IL-6, TNF-α, and
IL-1β levels following treatment with CTEO. Additionally, CTEO treatment reduced the ROS levels and increased
the antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, GSH, GPx and CAT. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed
that CTEO inhibited LPS-stimulated NF-κB nuclear translocation. The mRNA expression of TLR4, MyD88
and TRAF6 in the CTEO group decreased significantly compared to the LPS-treated group.

Conclusion:
The current findings suggest that CTEO attenuates inflammation by regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-
κB signalling pathway.
A Review on the Mechanisms, Applications, and Clinical Trials of Advanced Technologies in the Transdermal Drug Delivery System
Authors: Abdul Aziz Afina Faqkira , Beh Yun Qing , Farahiyah Iffah Izzati , Syahrul Azmir Soraya , Kee Phei Er , Helal Uddin A. B. M. , Liew Kai Bin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract:
Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS) have emerged as a promising method
for administering therapeutic agents due to their non-invasive nature and patient-friendly approach.
However, the effectiveness of this system is limited to drugs with specific physicochemical
properties that allow for transdermal delivery as the skin acts as a barrier. To address this
limitation, researchers have been exploring alternative approaches to improve drug delivery
through the stratum corneum, ensuring consistent drug distribution at controlled rates. Thirdgeneration
delivery systems have been developed to facilitate the delivery of various drugs
across the skin barrier by disrupting the stratum corneum while protecting deeper skin tissues
from injury. This review has explored various approaches that have gained popularity in enhancing
drug delivery through TDDS, including microneedle-mediated, nanoparticle-enabled, thermal
ablation-enhanced, and electroporation-driven delivery systems. It has discussed the mechanisms
of drug delivery and potential applications for different types of drugs and detailed the
clinical studies. This review has also highlighted the significant advancements in TDDS, offering
valuable insights into both the pharmaceutical field and biomedical applications. The continued
exploration and refinement of these delivery systems, particularly with the incorporation
of Internet-of-Things (IoT) technology, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and machine learning, hold
promise for expanding the scope of therapeutic interventions.
Nanocrystals: Versatile Platform for Traditional Chinese Medicine Delivery
Authors: Ren Chuanyu , Gao Yue , Huang Yeqi , Peng Siyuan , Zhang Xuan , Wang Weijie , Wu Chuanbin , Pan Xin , Huang Zhengwei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract:
The medicinal value of Chinese medicines has been recognized since ancient times,
and they have also been used to treat various diseases. However, in-depth studies on the active ingredients
of Chinese medicines have shown that many of them suffer from poor water-solubility,
stability, and bioavailability, which has severely limited their further development. The advent of
nanomedicine represents a novel direction and paradigm for addressing these challenges. Particularly,
within the framework of nanocrystal technology, enhancements in the water solubility, stability,
and bioavailability of Chinese medicines are expected to significantly improve the therapeutic
efficiency. This advancement also holds promise for unlocking new therapeutic capabilities.
Nanocrystals offer significant advantages in oral, intravenous, intranasal and targeted delivery.
The drug loading principle is “all in one”, with hydrophobic-drug-in and hydrophilic-drug-out and
stabilization by amphiphilic agents. Nanocrystal technology in traditional Chinese medicine
(TCM) holds extensive application potential. Continuous refinement of preparation techniques,
sound safety assessments, and the promotion of large-scale production are anticipated to augment
its pivotal role in TCM formulations, thereby creating novel opportunities for clinical drug therapy.
Identification of Two HIV-1 CRF01_AE/B Recombinant Forms and a CRF01_AE/B/C Recombinant Form in Hebei Province, China
Authors: Tang Xiangyun , Liu Meng , An Ning , Zhang Xinyu , Wang Yingying , Li Yan , Lu Xinli 
Published: August 2024

Background:
In the Hebei province, Human Immunodeficiency Virus type one
(HIV-1) recombinant strains of subtypes B, C, and CRF01_AE are emerging very rapidly and diversely.

Objective:
In order to confirm the characteristics of novel recombination forms, we aimed to analyze
HIV-1 Near-full-length Genome sequences (NFLGs) obtained from three Men who have Sex
with Men (MSM) in this study.

Methods:
Phylogenetic trees were constructed and breakpoints analysis was performed based on
the NFLGs and each gene fragment to examine the gene recombination patterns of three new
HIV-1 NFLGs.

Results:
HIV-1 subtypes CRF01_AE and B were combined to generate the recombinant structures
of the NFLGs 610 and 687. CRF01_AE, B, and C were combined to generate the recombinant
structures of the NFLG 825. According to the NFLG phylogenetic tree, the NFLG 825 clustered
with CRF65_cpx and the NFLGs 610 and 687 clustered with CRF68_01B. The recombination
breakpoints analysis revealed that the recombination pattern of the NFLGs 610 and 687 was the
insertion of subtype B fragment into the CRF01_AE backbone. Subregions I, II, and III were derived
from CRF01_AE, subtype B, and CRF01_AE, respectively. The recombination pattern of
the NFLG 825 contained ten fragments of subtypes CRF01_AE, C, and B. Finally, the above factors
were formed using phylogenetic trees and breakpoints analysis, which were combined to get
two CRF68_01B forms and one CRF65_cpx form.

Conclusion:
Our findings have suggested that it is crucial to keep an eye on the genetic diversity
of HIV-1 in Hebei province.
Exploring Potential Bioactive Components of Persea americana for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis through Network Pharmacology
Authors: Akey Krishna Swaroop , M Esakkimuthukumar , R Saranya , M Chandru , S Sowbarnika , J Sudharsan , V Dhanush , Prabha Thangavelu , S Jubie 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease character-ized by inflammation and joint destruction, leading to significant disability and reduced quality of life. Current treatment options for RA have limitations, highlighting the need for novel therapeu-tic approaches. In this study, we employed network pharmacology methods to identify potential bioactive compounds from Persea Americana (avocado) for the treatment of RA.

Materials and Methods:
We collected information on the phytoconstituents of avocados from the IMPPAT database and used Data Warrior software to filter out 64 plant constituents based on ADMET criteria. Target genes associated with avocado compounds were identified using the Bindingdb web server, resulting in 209 genes from Persea Americana. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was performed using Cytoscape software to identify key genes and pro-teins involved in RA. Protein-drug interactions were analyzed, and ten avocado constituents with high binding affinity were identified.

Results and Discussion:
Our network pharmacology analysis revealed that avocado constituents, particularly Luteolin, have the potential to be developed as novel therapeutics for RA. The PPI network analysis identified key genes and proteins associated with RA, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms of the disease. The high binding affinity observed between Luteolin and PTGS2, a protein involved in joint inflammation, suggests its potential effectiveness in mitigating RA-related inflammation.

Conclusion:
Our study highlights the potential of avocado constituents, particularly Luteolin, as promising therapeutics for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Through network pharma-cology analysis, we identified key target genes and proteins associated with RA, shedding light on the underlying molecular mechanisms of the disease.
Determinants of Health-related Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Patients: A Comprehensive Study in Marrakech, Morocco
Authors: Belhaj Haddou Meryam , Igarramen Tariq , Khouchani Mouna , Elkhoudri Noureddine 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
The assessment of quality of life (QoL) has become crucial for evaluating treatment effectiveness and prognosis in oncology, especially in the case of breast cancer, where patients are at a high risk of experiencing reduced QoL during active treatment. The objective of this study is to assess health-related quality of life and examine the socio-economic and clinical factors influencing it in breast cancer patients in the city of Marrakech, Morocco.

Methods
The study was conducted on 220 breast cancer patients at the Marrakech University Hospital in Morocco. Quality of life was evaluated using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 and the specific Breast Cancer questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-BR23). Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis between socio-economic and clinical factors with QoL subscales, and linear regression were performed to analyze the data.

Results
The results indicated that the mean score for overall health was 60.4%. Social functioning had the highest score (85.8%), while emotional functioning had the lowest (70.4%). Among the symptom scales, the most concerning were fatigue, loss of appetite, pain, and financial difficulties. For QLQ-BR-23, the future perspective was the most affected domain (25.30%), as well as body image (13.79%). Symptom scale scores ranged from 20.4% to 61.6%, with the most concerning symptom being systemic treatment of side effects. The results showed that age (p= 0.011, β= -0.142), disease duration (p = 0.000, β= 0.624), and monthly income (p = 0.000, Β= 0.233) significantly influenced quality of life. Body image was significantly associated with marital status (p= 0.049, β= -0.140) and type of surgery (p = 0.031, β= -0.149). Sexual pleasure was correlated with marital status (p = 0.037, β= 0.191) and radiotherapy treatment (p = 0.021, β= -0.223).

Conclusion
The study revealed that patients have concerns related to financial difficulties while coping with symptoms associated with their illness. Age, disease duration, and monthly income were found to be the factors influencing the quality of life. Furthermore, body image was affected, as was emotional well-being, emphasizing the importance of addressing psychological aspects in their care by healthcare professionals.
Inhibition of Subsequent Commutation Failures in Ultra-High Voltage Direct Current Transmission Systems Using Electrochemical Energy Storage at the Sending End
Authors: Wang Wenhui , Xu Yefei 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Subsequent commutation failures (SCFs) in high-voltage direct
current (HVDC) systems pose a serious threat to the safe operation of hybrid AC/DC grids.
Electrochemical energy storage, which is widely distributed at the sending end of ultrahigh
voltage direct current (UHVDC) transmission systems, has the potential to mitigate
SCFs. To fully harness the SCF-mitigating capabilities of energy storage, this article first
establishes a CIGRE-HVDC standard test model incorporating electrochemical energy
storage at the sending end.

Method:
Based on this model, the factors influencing DC commutation failures are investigated.
Furthermore, the impact of rectifier-side electrochemical energy storage (EES) on
inverter-side commutation failures is explored from three aspects: energy storage capacity,
output magnitude, and fault conditions. It is found that rectifier-side EES absorbing power
can effectively suppress inverter-side commutation failures. Finally, based on this finding,
a transient active power control strategy for energy storage is designed to inhibit consecutive
commutation failures and is studied on the CIGRE-HVDC standard test system. It is
concluded that the optimal capacity for suppressing SCFs is between 20% and 30% of the
DC capacity, and the best absorption power output is achieved with a per-unit value of 1.

Result:
Simulation results confirm the correctness of the proposed energy storage transient
active power control strategy and its effectiveness in suppressing SCF under different fault
moments, fault severities, and fault types.

Conclusion:
This strategy can limit the number of SCFs to three or fewer in the majority
of operating conditions, facilitating rapid system recovery after faults.
Preoperative Concerns of Older Patients Undergoing Non-cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Qu Marianna , Liu Winnie , Yan Ellene , Saripella Aparna , Englesakis Marina , He David , Chung Frances 
Published: August 2024

Background
Older adults (≥ 50 years) possess unique preoperative concerns influenced by age-related needs, perceptions, and health status. When left unaddressed, these concerns are risk factors for postoperative morbidity and mortality. Despite the aging demographic, these concerns in older patients have not been systematically examined. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarize the preoperative concerns of older patients.

Methods
Five databases were searched from January 1, 2000 to March 26, 2023. Studies with 1) patients ≥ 50 years undergoing non-cardiac surgery; 2) concerns identified preoperatively with validated instruments; 3) at least one preoperative concern reported (mean, degree or incidence of concern); 4) randomized controlled trials, prospective cohort, or cross-sectional studies were included. Concerns were classified into domains and subdomains. Meta-analysis was performed when two or more studies assessed concerns utilizing the same instrument.

Results
Seventeen studies with 1,777 patients were included. The mean age was 68.3 ± 9.9 years, with 51.4% female. Surgeries were classified as mixed, orthopedic (elective or emergent), and high-burden (abdominal, vascular, oncological). Concerns were categorized into domains: 1) anesthesia, 2) surgery, 3) pain, 4) complications, 5) medical experience, 6) recovery and rehabilitation, and 7) impact on daily life. Patients reported a greater degree of anxiety relating to surgery than anesthesia: 1.54 (95% CI: 1.12-1.95, P<0.00001). The top three concerns across all surgeries (mixed, orthopedic, and high-burden) were complications, pain, and rehabilitation/recovery. Pain and complications were the greatest concerns in elective orthopedic procedures and emergent procedures, respectively. In high-burden surgeries, patients were primarily concerned about complications.

Conclusion
Surgery-related concerns were 50% greater than anesthesia-related concerns. The three main concerns in older patients were complications, pain, and rehabilitation/recovery. The top concerns varied among specific surgical types. These findings emphasize the importance of tailoring preoperative counseling to address specific fears of each surgical population.
Market Scenario of Medicinal Plants: Understanding the Condition during COVID-19
Authors: Bose Bibin , Kumar S. Siva 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
A major share of medicinal plants in India is collected from tropical forests.
These plants are widely used to treat various infectious diseases, particularly during the recent pandemic.
Governments have recommended different medicinal plants for treating the symptoms and
management of COVID-19 in the country, where these plants have been used to treat different ailments
for centuries. The recent pandemic has led to increased dependency on Traditional, Complementary,
and Integrative Medicine, especially for post-care treatment and symptom management,
which has led to an increase in demand for these plants, but there is a limited understanding of the
availability of these plants, especially those which are used for treatment. Hence, this study aimed to
analyze the market scenario of medicinal plants.

Methods:
This research was conducted through secondary data analysis, using data collected from
government reports and the collected data was analysed using percentage analysis.

Results:
his study found there is a low and steady increase in the export of medicinal plants and a
demand of 511510 MT of produce, among which Amla, Aswaghanga, Kalmegh and Mulethi have
higher demand among the medicinal plants used for COVID-19. There is a significant 25.52 percent
decline in cultivation.

Conclusion:
This study emphasizes the need for constant production of these plants as well as a
regular outlook on the market scenario to help policymakers in the robust use of these medicinal
plants and to plan for future unforeseen disease outbreaks.
Medicinal Properties of Fenugreek: A Review
Authors: Varshney Himanshi , Siddique Yasir Hasan 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Due to its numerous health benefits, fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is commonly used in Ayurvedic and Traditional Chinese medicine. Its leaves and seeds contain several compounds (e.g., alkaloids, amino acids, coumarins, flavonoids, saponins, polyphenols, carbohydrates, vitamins, and other bioactive compounds). Fenugreek is used for reproductive health problems, hepatoprotective properties, and improved digestion. Studies have shown that it has anti-cancerous, cardioprotective, anti-sterility, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, anti-helminthic, and neuroprotective properties. Various studies have been carried out on animals and humans to show the effectiveness of fenugreek against various diseases.

Methods:
This review focuses on studies and clinical trials to examine the effects of fenugreek on various diseases from 1990 to 2022, using popular databases, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus.

Results:
By altering the activity of metabolic enzymes, fenugreek stimulates insulin secretion, reduces blood sugar, and controls cholesterol synthesis. It enhances SOD, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and catalase activity to protect cellular organelles from oxidative stress. Fenugreek improves the gastric mucosa lining and secretion, which improves gastric ulcers and digestion. Fenugreek ameliorates menstrual cramps and significantly increases sperm cell counts and testosterone levels in males.

Conclusion:
Studies and clinical trials have shown the beneficial effects of fenugreek. Therefore, it could be used as a therapeutic agent against various disorders.
Benarkah teknologi informasi dan teman sebaya berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual berisiko remaja? (studi pada anak binaan pelaku asusila)
Authors: Karsiyati Karsiyati , Wicaksono Nugroho , Iftayani Itsna 
Published: August 2024

Masa remaja merupakan masa peralihan anak-anak ke dewasa dimana salah satu cirinya ditandai dengan organ seksual yang mulai aktif dan berkembang. Hal tersebut menjadikan dorongan seksual pada remaja juga mulai muncul. Remaja yang tidak dapat mengontrol dorongan seksualnya berpeluang melakukan perilaku seksual berisiko, termasuk melakukan pelecehan seksual pada orang lain sehingga harus berurusan dengan hukum. Di LPKA sendiri kasus tersebut cukup mendominasi, yaitu sekitar 55,6% dari seluruh kasus yang ada. Dari berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku seksual berisiko peneliti ingin mengetahui pengaruh faktor teman sebaya dan teknologi informasi pada perilaku seksual berisiko Andik. Kedua faktor tersebut dipilih karena peneliti melihat karakteristik remaja yang lekat dengan teman sebaya dan keterbukaan teknologi informasi dalam kehidupan sehari-harinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian korelasional untuk melihat hubungan antara teman sebaya dan teknologi informasi dengan perilaku seksual berisiko. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan metode purposive sampling pada Andik dengan kasus kesusilaan dengan sejumlah 30 partisipan. Partisipan kemudian diberikan kuesioner perilaku seksual berisiko, teman sebaya, dan teknologi informasi. Dari hasil analisis data diketahui bahwa terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara teman sebaya serta informasi dan teknologi terhadap perilaku seksual berisiko Andik.
Babad Nitik Sebagai Sumber Sejarah
Authors: Utama F. Galih Adi 
Published: August 2024

Babad sebagai sumber primer historiografi, telah lama menjadi perdebatan di kalangan sejarawan, baik dalam maupun luar negeri, mengenai akurasi fakta peristiwa yang terkandung di dalamnya. Kadar subjektivitas, glorifikasi, dan legitimasi yang demikian tinggi menyebabkan validitas babad diragukan, terlebih lagi menyangkut keterlibatan pengalihaksara dan penerjemah di kemudian hari. Ditulisnya Serat Nitik Sultan Agung (W.54) pada akhir abad XIX memunculkan pertanyaan besar terkait ketepatan kronologis peristiwa yang dikisahkan. Demikian pula hasil alih-aksara dan terjemahan terhadap naskah tersebut yang diterbitkan oleh Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan pada 1991/1992 berjudul Babad Nitik. Dengan menggunakan metode historis dan pendekatan filologi terhadap Babad Nitik, penelitian ini mengemukakan latar belakang rekonstruksi tokoh Sultan Agung pada akhir abad XIX di Yogyakarta atas prakarsa Gusti Kangjeng Ratu Hageng, permaisuri Sultan Hamengku Buwana VI. Meskipun berkelindan dengan gaya khas penceritaan babad berbentuk tembang, namun dengan melakukan pemilahan sifat teks dan mempertemukannya dengan sumber asing, Babad Nitik memiliki kadar historis yang patut diperhitungkan untuk dijadikan sebagai sumber primer sejarah, khususnya terkait penulisan naskah. Kata Kunci: Babad Nitik, Sultan Agung, Yogyakarta, Ratu Hageng, sumber sejarah, manuskrip Jawa