bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Rare Association of Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of Maxilla and Idiopathic Orbital Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Sikka Kapil , Preetam C , Kumar Rakesh , Durgapal Prashant 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (pseudotumor) is a rare tumor belonging to the family of fibrous mesenchymal tumors. Though it usually involves lungs, but extrapulmonary site involvement, especially head and neck region is rare. In this paper, we are presenting a 26-year-old male patient, with inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of maxilla, with a rare association with a prior history of idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease, treated medically. The patient was treated surgically with complete excision of the pathology from maxilla. This case report intents to review the controversies in management of this tumor and also to enlighten the possible association between the orbital and maxillary pseudotumor.

How to cite this article
Preetam C, Kumar R, Sikka K, Kumar R, Durgapal P. A Rare Association of Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of Maxilla and Idiopathic Orbital Inflammatory Disease. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(1):41-43.
Transnasal Endoscopic Removal of Malformation of the Odontoid Process in a Patient with Craniovertebral Anomaly
Authors: Nagpal Tapan 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT
The endoscopic endonasal approach is emerging as a feasible alternative to the transoral route for the resection of the odontoid process, when the latter produces a compression of the brainstem and cervicomedullary junction. This type of approach has some advantages, such as excellent prevertebral exposure of the craniovertebral junction in patients with small oral cavities and the possibility to avoid the use of mouth retractors. A report of two patients with a diagnosis of craniovertebral anomaly— basilar invagination into foramen magnum, suffering from an extreme posterior tilt of the odontoid process causing severe anterior compression of the cervicomedullary junction, is presented to stress the potential of this technique to the endoscopic rhinologist. Transnasal endoscopic removal of the odontoid process was performed and resolution of the ventral compression was achieved. This report demonstrates that, in selected cases, a multidisciplinary team approach can help our patients.

How to cite this article
Nagpal T. Transnasal Endoscopic Removal of Malformation of the Odontoid Process in a Patient with Craniovertebral Anomaly. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(1): 47-50.
Rhinophyma: A Simple and Cost-effective Management
Authors: Smitha SG , Gangaraj Smitha Soubhagya 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT
Rhinophyma is a slowly progressive condition due to hypertrophy of the sebaceous glands of the tip of the nose, often seen in cases of long standing acne rosacea. There are many surgical methods which are followed. We present a case of rhinophyma which was treated by shaving with diathermy knife followed by regular postoperative dressings. No skin graft was used during the procedure and a complete healing with near normal cosmetic appearance was achieved.

How to cite this article
Gangaraj SS, Thimaiah AH. Rhinophyma: A Simple and Cost-effective Management. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(1):56-57.
Determination of Angstrom Coefficients for Masvingo and Makoholi Stations, Zimbabwe
Authors: Brain Mapurisa  , Luckywell Seyitini  
Published: May 2013

Coefficients of the first order and second order Angstrom model were obtained for Masvingo and Makoholi stations in Zimbabwe. Long term average ground measurements of sunshine hours and global horizontal solar radiation from the meteorological services were used as input data. Monthly average values of the clearness index, and the fraction of sunshine hours, were determined. Regression analysis was used to obtain the first and second order coefficients of the Angstrom model for the two locations. The estimates from the developed models were tested against measured values and results obtained were in agreement to within +/- 5%. The results also showed that the models performed better with these coefficients compared with coefficients suggested in previous researches. Also the first order model was found to perform better than the second order model for Makoholi station while the second order model works well for Masvingo.
Espiritualidade protestante no pensamento de João Amós Comenius
Authors: Lopes Edson Pereira 
Published: May 2013

Nos últimos anos têm crescido o interesse pelo estudo da espiritualidade entre as religiões em geral. É comum encontrar diversas literaturas a esse respeito, a partir das mais diferentes perspectivas religiosas. Dentre os protestantes, esta discussão tem sido alvo de intenso debate e uma relevante indagação é se esse termo deve ser empregado pelo protestantismo. Percebe-se, todavia, que esse termo aparece na história do pensamento protestante. Assim, este artigo tem como objetivo, a partir do protestante João Amós Comenius, a quem devemos a sistematização das ciências educacionais, oferecer uma abordagem do assunto, tendo como fundamento sua obra, O labirinto do mundo e o paraíso do coração.
Simultaneous, Untargeted Metabolic Profiling of Polar and Nonpolar Metabolites by LC‐Q‐TOF Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Kirkwood Jay S. , Maier Claudia , Stevens Jan F. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAt its most ambitious, untargeted metabolomics aims to characterize and quantify all of the metabolites in a given system. Metabolites are often present at a broad range of concentrations and possess diverse physical properties complicating this task. Performing multiple sample extractions, concentrating sample extracts, and using several separation and detection methods are common strategies to overcome these challenges but require a great amount of resources. This protocol describes the untargeted, metabolic profiling of polar and nonpolar metabolites with a single extraction and using a single analytical platform. Curr. Protoc. Toxicol. 56:4.39.1‐4.39.12. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Assessment of Adult Neurogenesis in Mice
Authors: Pan Yung‐Wei , Wang Wenbin , Xia Zhengui 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAdult neurogenesis is a lifelong developmental process that occurs in two discrete regions in the adult mammalian brain: the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus (DG) and the subventricular zone (SVZ) along the lateral ventricles. Despite immense interest in the therapeutic potential of adult neural stem cells (aNSCs) residing along these two neurogenic regions, molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating this process are not fully defined. Defining the regulatory mechanisms responsible for the genesis of new neurons in the adult brain is integral to understanding the basic biology of aNSCs. The techniques described here provide a basic blueprint to isolate, culture, and perform experiments using aNSCs in vitro as well as providing methods to perform immunohistochemistry on brain sections. Curr. Protoc. Toxicol. 56:12.20.1‐12.20.16. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Instruments in Biotechnology and Medicine
Authors: Voss Andreas , Feller Karl‐Heinz , Beckmann Dieter 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe sections in this article arePhotonic Instruments in MedicineIntroductionOptical Window of Cells and TissuesLaser Light–Matter Interaction as a Function of IntensityPhotochemical Treatment of TissuesThermal Processes in Light–Matter InteractionNonlinear Processes in Light–Matter Interaction (Not to Be Confused with Nonlinear Optics)Minimally Invasive Diagnostics – EndoscopyHistoryTypes and Components of EndoscopesAdvantages and Disadvantages of EndoscopyApplication FieldsCombination of Standard White Light Endoscopic with Other Diagnostic MethodsSome Trends in EndoscopyNoninvasive Diagnostics – PhotoplethysmographyIntroductionCharacterization of thePPGSignalSignal AcquisitionClinical ApplicationsSummaryNoninvasive Diagnostics – OphthalmologyIntroductionCorneal TopographyPerimetryOptical BiometryRetinal Imaging and Glaucoma DiagnosticsFluorescein AngiographyWavefront AnalysisIn VitroDiagnostics – MicroscopyLight MicroscopeFluorescence MicroscopeNew Fluorescence Microscope TechniquesConfocal MicroscopyRaman MicroscopyIn VitroDiagnostics – Digital Slides and Virtual MicroscopyIn VitroDiagnostics – Optical Methods in Clinical Analysis SystemOptical Spectroscopy of Blood and Urine ComponentsOptical Spectroscopy of Tissues and VesselsOptical Spectroscopy of Agglutination and Precipitation – Nephelometry, TurbidimetryIn VitroDiagnostics – Blood Gas Pressure MeasurementsOptical Detection ofpO2in BloodOptical Detection ofpCO2in BloodOptical Detection of Further Monitoring Parameters in Intensive Care (Temperature,pH)In VitroDiagnostics – Photoacoustic SpectroscopyTherapyIntroductionLaser Therapy in Ophthalmology –LASIK(Refraction Correction by Cornea Treatment)Photonic Instruments in BiotechnologyIntroductionSelected Analytical MethodsIntroductionReflectometric Interference Spectroscopy (RIfS)Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)Fluorescence MethodsAdvanced Microscopic Techniques (Selection)Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)Optical Biosensors, Biochips, Miniaturized Analytical SystemsHigh‐Throughput Screening (HTS)Sample Preparation: Flow Injection AnalysisFermentation as a Central Process of BiotechnologyGeneral AspectsFermentation ControlPhotobioreactorsOptical Trap/Optical TweezersBasic Scheme of Laser Tweezers and MicromanipulationApplications of Optical Tweezers
Glucose Sensing and Glucose Determination Using Fluorescent Probes
Authors: Steiner Mark‐Steven , Duerkop Axel , Wolfbeis Otto S. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe sections in this article areWhy Glucose Sensing?Classification of Sensors According to the Recognition SchemeGlucose Sensing via the Optical Properties of Oxidative or Reductive EnzymesNonlabeled EnzymesLabeled EnzymesFluorescent Sensing of Glucose via Measurement of the Consumption of Oxygen Caused by the Action ofGOxPlanar and Fiber‐Optic SensorsSensors Based on the Use of Microparticles (µPs) and Nanoparticles (NPs)Fluorescent Sensing of Glucose via Measurement of the Formation of Hydrogen Peroxide Caused by the Action ofGOxEnzymatic Sensing of Glucose via Changes ofpHFluorescent Sensing of Glucose via Synthetic Boronic AcidsFluorescent Sensing of Glucose via ConcanavalinAFluorescent Sensing of Glucose using Glucose‐Specific ApoenzymesFluorescent Sensing of Glucose via Glucose‐Binding ProteinsConclusion and Outlook
Biochips as Novel Bioassays
Authors: Rudolph Bettina , Weber Karina , Möller Robert 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroductionTypes of MicroarraysDNAMicroarraysProtein MicroarraysTissue MicroarraysCell‐Based Microarrays (Transfection Microarrays)Principle Steps of an Experimental Microarray ProcessBasicsSurface BiofunctionalizationPreparation of Biomolecules (Sample Preparation)DNARNAProteinsTarget Amplification and LabelingPCR– Polymerase Chain ReactionIn VitroTranscription –cDNA/IVTBio‐Barcode Amplification of Nucleic Acids and ProteinsRadioactive and Fluorophore LabelingEnzymesNanoparticlesReadout/DetectionRadioactivityFluorescence/AbsorbanceSurface Plasmon ResonanceExamples of Biochip Applications in Biology and MedicineGenomic ResearchSNPDetectionGene Expression Profile AnalysisPharmacogenomics and ToxicogenomicsPathogen Detection and Clinical DiagnosisPathogen DetectionClinical DiagnosisTrends in Biochip ResearchMetal NanoparticlesQuantum DotsEnzymesConclusion
Study on preparation and swelling kinetics of P(AA‐co‐C8PhEO10Mac) pH‐sensitive hydrogel in vitro drug release study
Authors: Wang Fang Ping , Mu Hu Po , Zhang Jun Yin , Li Wan Xia , Wang Qi Zhao , Du Xin Zhen 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTStimuli‐sensitive hydrogels are one of the most promising and versatile materials with many potential applications. In this article, a pH‐sensitive hydrogel [P(AA‐co‐C8PhEO10Mac)] was synthesized by the free‐radical cross‐linking polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and octylphenyl polyoxyethylene methacrylate macromonomer (C8PhEO10Mac). Swelling property, swelling, and deswelling kinetics of the hydrogels in different pH media were studied and hydrogel microstructures were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Theophylline was chosen as a model drug and the controlled‐release properties of hydrogels were pilot studied. The results showed that the P(AA‐co‐C8PhEO10Mac) hydrogel has a porous structure, both the rapid swelling and deswelling rate, and good pH sensitivity characteristics; The swelling ratios of the gels in stimulated intestinal fluids (SIF, pH = 7.4) were higher than those in stimulated gastric fluids (SGF, pH = 1.4). The in vitro cumulative release data were analyzed using an empirical equation to compute the diffusion exponent (n), whose values suggest a non‐Fickian mode of transport. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 1981–1989, 2013
Attachment of alginate microcapsules onto plasma‐treated PDMS sheet for retrieval after transplantation
Authors: Shin Soojeong , Shin Jeong Eun , Yoo Young Je 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAlthough transplantation of microencapsulated islets has been proposed as a therapy for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, limited retrievability of the cells has impeded its medical usage. To achieve retrieval of microencapsulated islets, capsules were attached to polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with a biocompatible adhesive. Because the hydrophobic nature of the PDMS surface prevents attachment, surface modification is essential. Alginate microcapsules were attached to modified PDMS sheets, and the mechanical stability of the resulting constructs was determined. Acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide (AM) mixtures were grafted on the surfaces of PDMS sheets using a two‐step oxygen plasma treatment (TSPT). TSPT‐PDMS was characterized according to water contact angle and zeta‐potential measurements. The contact angle was altered by changing the ratio of AM to AA to generate hydrophilic surface. Evaluation of the surface charge at pH 2, 7, and 12 confirmed the presence of polar groups on the modified surface. Microcapsules were attached to TSPT‐PDMS using Histoacryl® and shown to be in a monolayered and half‐exposed state. The shear stress resistance of alginate capsules attached to the PDMS sheet indicates the possibility of transplantation of encapsulated cells without scattering in vivo. This method is applicable to retrieve microencapsulated porcine islets when required.
Folic acid supplementation use and the MTHFR C677T polymorphism in orofacial clefts etiology: An individual participant data pooled‐analysis
Authors: Butali Azeez , Little Julian , Chevrier Cécile , Cordier Sylvian , Steegers‐Theunissen Regine , Jugessur Astanand , Oladugba Bola , Mossey Peter A. 
Published: May 2013

BACKGROUNDThis study examines gene–environment interaction between the MTHFR C667T polymorphism and folic acid in the etiology of orofacial clefts (OFC). We used a pooled‐analytical approach on four studies that used similar methods.METHODSWe used logistic regression to analyze the pooled sample of 1149 isolated cases and 1161 controls. Fetal and maternal MTHFR C677T genotypes, and maternal periconceptional exposure to smoking, alcohol, vitamin containing folic acid and folic acid supplements were contrasted between the cleft types [non‐syndromic clefts lip or without cleft palate (CL(P)) and non‐syndromic cleft palate (CP)] and control groups.RESULTSThere was a reduced risk of CL(P) with maternal folic acid use (p = 0.008; OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.65–0.94) and with supplements containing folic acid (p = 0.028, OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65–0.94). Maternal smoking increased the risk of both CL(P) (p < 10 e−3; OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.35–1.95) and CP (p = 0.028; OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.04–1.83). No significant risk was observed with either maternal or fetal MTHFR C677T genotypes.CONCLUSIONThis individual participant data (IPD) meta‐analysis affords greater statistical power and can help alleviate the problems associated with aggregate‐level data‐sharing. The result of this IPD meta‐analysis is consistent with previous reports suggesting that folic acid and smoking influence OFC outcomes. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 97:509‐514, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sulfur Promotion in Conjugated Isomerization of Safflower Oil over Bifunctional Structured Rh/SBA‐15 Catalysts
Authors: Chorfa Nasima , Hamoudi Safia , Arul Joseph , Belkacemi Khaled 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe sulfur effect on conjugated linoleic acid isomer (CLA) formation during the combined hydrogenation/directed isomerization of safflower oil over a bifunctional (hydrogenation and isomerization) highly structured rhodium‐based catalyst (Rh/SBA‐15) was investigated either by direct addition of increased concentrations of 3‐mercapto‐1,2‐propanediol to the reaction medium or by doping Rh/SBA‐15 with the same sulfur‐based compound yielding the sulfur‐doped Rh‐catalyst (S–Rh/SBA‐15). These catalysts exhibited interesting activity, stability, and recyclability. The maximum CLA contents obtained during the combined reactions with 0, 0.2, 1, 2, 5, and 10 ppm sulfur additions were 73, 99, 131, 110, 105, and 68 mgCLA goil−1, respectively, whereas the amount of harmful trans monoenes remained below 8 %. The safflower oil after partially hydrogenation under the same conditions over S–Rh/SBA‐15 catalyst contained up to 110 mgCLA goil−1. These results showed clear evidence of the sulfur promotion effect on CLA formation during the dual hydrogenation/directed isomerization of safflower oil. A mechanism for the sulfur promotion of the heterogeneous catalyst Rh/SBA‐15 for the conjugated isomerization activity during hydrogenation/directed isomerization of safflower oil was determined by solid‐state 1H NMR analysis of the fresh and spent catalysts. This was also confirmed by liquid‐state 2H NMR analysis of deuterium‐labeled product aliquots withdrawn throughout the reaction. The sulfur promotion towards the double bond conjugation of linoleic acid to form CLA isomers could be explained mechanistically through the preferable formation of the more nucleophilic rhodium sulfide (RhSH) over that of the hydride (RhH). However, both types of Rh clusters constituted distinct catalytic sites leading to the formation of hydrogenation as well as conjugated and geometric isomerization products. The lumped kinetics model described the experimental data well and complied simply with the proposed mechanism.
Highly Controlled Gas/Liquid Processes in a Continuous Lab‐Scale Device
Authors: van Gool J. J. F. , van den Broek S. A. M. W. , Ripken R. M. , Nieuwland P. J. , Koch K. , Rutjes F. P. J. T. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe use of reactive gases for syntheses on small laboratory scale is often avoided due to safety concerns so that expensive alternatives are required. The recent development of gas‐permeable membrane‐based reactors offers new options for safe handling of these gases in a continuous‐flow system. A prototype of a gas/liquid system was built to introduce gas in the microreactor. An integrated gas flow controller and inline FTIR analysis were used to safely handle the gas. With the system, the carboxylation of a Grignard reagent with carbon dioxide was chosen as a nonhazardous model reaction to validate the prototype reactor.
Leveraging Material Properties in Fluorescence Anion Sensor Arrays: A General Approach
Authors: Anzenbacher Pavel , Liu Yuanli , Palacios Manuel A. , Minami Tsuyoshi , Wang Zhuo , Nishiyabu Ryuhei 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAs the demand for probes suitable for sensor development increases, investigation of approaches that utilize known successful receptors gains in general importance. This study describes a two‐prong approach that can be used as a guide to developing sensors from known receptors. First, the conversion of a simple receptor, calix[4]pyrrole, into a fluorescent probe to establish a ratiometric signal is described. Secondly, the sensors that employ an output from a single ratiometric calix[4]pyrrole probe are fabricated by using poly(ether‐urethane) hydrogel copolymers. These hydrogels are designed to absorb, internalize and transport aqueous electrolytes. A sensor array of ten different poly(ether‐urethane) matrices with varying comonomer proportions were doped with a single probe and were exposed to eight different anions: acetate, benzoate, fluoride, chloride, phosphate, pyrophosphate, hydrogen sulfide, and cyanide, eight urine samples and anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The poly(ether‐urethane) matrices comprise different proportions of anion‐binding urethane moieties and different hydrophilicity given by the ratio between ethylene glycol ether and butylene glycol ether. This diversity in the hydration behavior provides different environment polarity, in which the recognition and self‐assembly processes display enough diverse behavior to allow for unique response of the probe to the analytes. Furthermore, a single probe is shown to recognize eight different aqueous anions and eight urine samples when embedded in ten different polyurethanes in an array that displays 100 % classification accuracy. To demonstrate the potential of the concept for quantitative studies, an estimation of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs ibuprofen and diclofenac in water and in saliva was performed. A limit of detection of 0.1 ppm and a dynamic range of 0.1–0.6 and 0.05–60 ppm was observed, respectively. Given the general difficulty of chemosensors to recognize aqueous anions, the fact that one probe recognizes eight different analytes attests to an enormous effect of the polymer environment on the recognition process. This method could be used to generate a variety of sensor arrays for various analyses including species that are difficult to recognize, such as small‐molecule‐ and inorganic anions.
Unusual Structure, Fluxionality, and Reaction Mechanism of Carbonyl Hydrosilylation by Silyl Hydride Complex [(ArN)Mo(H)(SiH2Ph)(PMe3)3]
Authors: Khalimon Andrey Y. , Ignatov Stanislav K. , Okhapkin Andrey I. , Simionescu Razvan , Kuzmina Lyudmila G. , Howard Judith A. K. , Nikonov Georgii I. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe reactions of bis(borohydride) complexes [(RN)Mo(BH4)2(PMe3)2] (4: R=2,6‐Me2C6H3; 5: R=2,6‐iPr2C6H3) with hydrosilanes afford new silyl hydride derivatives [(RN)Mo(H)(SiR′3)(PMe3)3] (3: R=Ar, R′3=H2Ph; 8: R=Ar′, R′3=H2Ph; 9: R=Ar, R′3=(OEt)3; 10: R=Ar, R′3=HMePh). These compounds can also be conveniently prepared by reacting [(RN)Mo(H)(Cl)(PMe3)3] with one equivalent of LiBH4 in the presence of a silane. Complex 3 undergoes intramolecular and intermolecular phosphine exchange, as well as exchange between the silyl ligand and the free silane. Kinetic and DFT studies show that the intermolecular phosphine exchange occurs through the predissociation of a PMe3 group, which, surprisingly, is facilitated by the silane. The intramolecular exchange proceeds through a new non‐Bailar‐twist pathway. The silyl/silane exchange proceeds through an unusual MoVI intermediate, [(ArN)Mo(H)2(SiH2Ph)2(PMe3)2] (19). Complex 3 was found to be the catalyst of a variety of hydrosilylation reactions of carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) and nitriles, as well as of silane alcoholysis. Stoichiometric mechanistic studies of the hydrosilylation of acetone, supported by DFT calculations, suggest the operation of an unexpected mechanism, in that the silyl ligand of compound 3 plays an unusual role as a spectator ligand. The addition of acetone to compound 3 leads to the formation of [trans‐(ArN)Mo(OiPr)(SiH2Ph)(PMe3)2] (18). This latter species does not undergo the elimination of a SiO group (which corresponds to the conventional Ojima′s mechanism of hydrosilylation). Rather, complex 18 undergoes unusual reversible β‐CH activation of the isopropoxy ligand. In the hydrosilylation of benzaldehyde, the reaction proceeds through the formation of a new intermediate bis(benzaldehyde) adduct, [(ArN)Mo(η2‐PhC(O)H)2(PMe3)], which reacts further with hydrosilane through a η1‐silane complex, as studied by DFT calculations.