bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing CB1 receptor GIRK channel responses to receptor internalization using a kinetic imaging assay
Authors: Andersen Haley K. , Vardakas Duncan G. , Lamothe Julie A. , Perault Tannis E. A. , Walsh Kenneth B. , Laprairie Robert B. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) mediates neurotransmitter release and synaptic plasticity in the central nervous system. Endogenous, plant-derived, synthetic cannabinoids bind to CB1R, initiating the inhibitory G-protein (Gi) and the β-arrestin signaling pathways. Within the Gi signaling pathway, CB1R activates G protein-gated, inwardly-rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels. The β-arrestin pathway reduces CB1R expression on the cell surface through receptor internalization. Because of their association with analgesia and drug tolerance, GIRK channels and receptor internalization are of interest to the development of pharmaceuticals. This research used immortalized mouse pituitary gland cells transduced with a pH-sensitive, fluorescently-tagged human CB1R (AtT20-SEPCB1) to measure GIRK channel activity and CB1R internalization. Cannabinoid-induced GIRK channel activity is measured by using a fluorescent membrane-potential sensitive dye. We developed a kinetic imaging assay that visualizes and measures CB1R internalization. All cannabinoids stimulated a GIRK channel response with a rank order potency of WIN55,212-2 > (±)CP55,940 > Δ9-THC > AEA. Efficacy was expressed relative to (±)CP55,940 with a rank order efficacy of (±)CP55,940 > WIN55, 212-2 > AEA > Δ9-THC. All cannabinoids stimulated CB1R internalization with a rank order potency of (±)CP55,940 > WIN55, 212-2 > AEA > Δ9-THC. Internalization efficacy was normalized to (±)CP55,940 with a rank order efficacy of WIN55,212-2 > AEA > (±)CP55,940 > Δ9-THC. (±)CP55,940 was significantly more potent and efficacious than AEA and Δ9-THC at stimulating a GIRK channel response; no significant differences between potency and efficacy were observed with CB1R internalization. No significant differences were found when comparing a cannabinoid’s GIRK channel and CB1R internalization response. In conclusion, AtT20-SEPCB1 cells can be used to assess cannabinoid-induced CB1R internalization. While cannabinoids display differential Gi signaling when compared to each other, this did not extend to CB1R internalization.
The cap-binding complex modulates ABA-responsive transcript splicing during germination in barley (Hordeum vulgare)
Authors: Sybilska Ewa , Collin Anna , Sadat Haddadi Bahareh , Mur Luis A. J. , Beckmann Manfred , Guo Wenbin , Simpson Craig G. , Daszkowska-Golec Agata 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo decipher the molecular bases governing seed germination, this study presents the pivotal role of the cap-binding complex (CBC), comprising CBP20 and CBP80, in modulating the inhibitory effects of abscisic acid (ABA) in barley. Using both single and double barley mutants in genes encoding the CBC, we revealed that the double mutant hvcbp20.ab/hvcbp80.b displays ABA insensitivity, in stark contrast to the hypersensitivity observed in single mutants during germination. Our comprehensive transcriptome and metabolome analysis not only identified significant alterations in gene expression and splicing patterns but also underscored the regulatory nexus among CBC, ABA, and brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathways.
Seasonal predictions of summer compound humid heat extremes in the southeastern United States driven by sea surface temperatures
Authors: Jia Liwei , Delworth Thomas L. , Yang Xiaosong , Cooke William , Johnson Nathaniel C. , Zhang Liping , Joh Youngji , Lu Feiyu , McHugh Colleen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHumid heat extreme (HHE) is a type of compound extreme weather event that poses severe risks to human health. Skillful forecasts of HHE months in advance are crucial for developing strategies to enhance community resilience to extreme events1,2. This study demonstrates that the frequency of summertime HHE in the southeastern United States (SEUS) can be skillfully predicted 0–1 months in advance using the SPEAR (Seamless system for Prediction and EArth system Research) seasonal forecast system. Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the tropical North Atlantic (TNA) basin are identified as the primary driver of this prediction skill. The responses of large-scale atmospheric circulation and winds to anomalous warm SSTs in the TNA favor the transport of heat and moisture from the Gulf of Mexico to the SEUS. This research underscores the role of slowly varying sea surface conditions in modifying large-scale environments, thereby contributing to the skillful prediction of HHE in the SEUS. The results of this study have potential applications in the development of early warning systems for HHE.
Paleoclimate data provide constraints on climate models' large-scale response to past CO2 changes
Authors: Lunt Daniel J. , Otto-Bliesner Bette L. , Brierley Chris , Haywood Alan , Inglis Gordon N. , Izumi Kenji , Kageyama Masa , Kaufman Darrell , Mauritsen Thorsten , McClymont Erin L. , Salzmann Ulrich , Steinig Sebastian , Tierney Jessica E. , Zhao Anni , Zhu Jiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe paleoclimate record provides a test-bed in which climate models can be evaluated under conditions of substantial CO2 change; however, these data are typically under-used in the process of model development and evaluation. Here, we use a set of metrics based on paleoclimate proxy observations to evaluate climate models under three past time periods. We find that the latest CMIP6/PMIP4 ensemble mean does a remarkably good job of simulating the global mean surface air temperatures of these past periods, and is improved on CMIP5/PMIP3, implying that the modern climate sensitivity of the CMIP6/PMIP4 model ensemble mean is consistent with the paleoclimate record. However, some models, in particular those with very high or very low climate sensitivity, simulate paleo temperatures that are outside the uncertainty range of the paleo proxy temperature data; in this regard, the paleo data can provide a more stringent constraint than data from the historical record. There is also consistency between models and data in terms of polar amplification, with amplification increasing with increasing global mean temperature across all three time periods. The work highlights the benefits of using the paleoclimate record in the model development and evaluation cycle, in particular for screening models with too-high or too-low climate sensitivity across a range of CO2 concentrations.
Evaluation and comparison of nine growth and development-based measures of pubertal timing
Authors: Elhakeem Ahmed , Frysz Monika , Goncalves Soares Ana , Bell Joshua A. , Cole Tim J. , Heron Jon , Howe Laura D. , Sebert Sylvain , Tilling Kate , Timpson Nicholas J. , Lawlor Deborah A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Pubertal timing is heritable, varies between individuals, and has implications for life-course health. There are many different indicators of pubertal timing, and how they relate to each other is unclear. Our aim was to quantitatively compare nine indicators of pubertal timing.

Methods
We used data from questionnaires and height, weight, and bone measurements from ages 7–17 y in a population-based cohort of 4267 females and 4251 males to compare nine growth and development-based indicators of pubertal timing. We summarise age of each indicator, their phenotypic and genetic correlations, and how they relate to established genetic risk score (GRS) for puberty timing, and phenotypic childhood body composition measures.

Results
We show that pubic hair in males (mean: 12.6 y) and breasts in females (11.5 y) are early indicators of puberty, and voice breaking (14.2 y) and menarche (12.7 y) are late indicators however, there is substantial variation between individuals in pubertal age. All indicators show evidence of positive phenotypic intercorrelations (e.g., r = 0.49: male genitalia and pubic hair ages), and positive genetic intercorrelations. An age at menarche GRS positively associates with all other pubertal age indicators (e.g., difference in female age at peak height velocity per SD higher GRS: 0.24 y, 95%CI: 0.21 to 0.26), as does an age at voice breaking GRS (e.g., difference in age at male axillary hair: 0.11 y, 0.07 to 0.15). Higher childhood fat mass and lean mass associated with earlier puberty timing.

Conclusions
Our findings provide insights into the measurements of the timing of pubertal growth and development and illustrate value of various pubertal timing indicators in life-course research.
Dual-processable semi-aromatic fluorinated polyimides with outstanding optical transparency and low dielectric constants prepared from in situ [2 + 2] thermal polymerization
Authors: Chen Hongzhu , Wu Qihua , Chen Lijun , Zhang Weixian , Li Xiaoli , Peng Jianbo , Wang Jiajia 
Published: August 2024

A facile strategy has been developed to produce semi-aromatic polyimides through direct in situ thermo-polymerization. The obtained polyimides exhibit favorable performances and are presented as potential candidates applied in microelectronics.
Visible-light induced direct C(sp3)–H functionalization: recent advances and future prospects
Authors: Tu Jia-Lin , Zhu Yining , Li Pengcheng , Huang Binbin 
Published: August 2024

This review summarizes the latest methodological advances in photocatalytic C(sp3)–H functionalization, with a particular emphasis on the formation of C–P, C–B, C–S bonds, etc., and some prominent efforts in asymmetric C–H functionalization.
A novel iterative double auction design and simulation platform for packetized energy trading of prosumers in a residential microgrid
Authors: Hou Luyang , Li Yuanliang , Yan Jun , Liu Yuhong , Ghafour Mohsen , Wang Li , Zhang Peng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPacketized energy encapsulates energy into modulated, routable, and trackable energy packets, enhancing the flexibility of managing distributed energy resources and expediting prosumers’ participation in transactive energy markets. In the context of packetized energy trading (PET), energy prosumers are naturally deemed as self‐interested agents seeking to obtain their own benefits. To align with prosumers’ demand, supply, quality of service (QoS), and system‐level social welfare, it is necessary to explore the design of prosumers’ bidding strategies and the market clearing methods, considering prosumers’ utility and the best demand response to markets. This study addresses challenges arising from prosumers’ selfishness and asymmetric preferences by proposing a PET‐oriented iterative double auction (IDA‐PET) design, where prosumers are allowed to iteratively change the bids before the auctioneer clears the market. Moreover, IDA‐PET accommodates system capacity constraints, energy balance, and economic constraints, providing cooperative strategies for both prosumers and the auctioneer. To validate the effectiveness of IDA‐PET, a novel and dedicated co‐simulation platform based on the hierarchical engine for large‐scale infrastructure co‐simulation platform is developed and case studies are conducted within a residential microgrid. The simulation results demonstrate that IDA‐PET can efficiently enhance the revenue of the auction market while meeting prosumers’ QoS requirements.
Safety of Skin-to-Skin Contact with Umbilical Venous Catheter in Preterm Infants: A Prospective Study
Authors: Montaner-Ramon Alicia , Carrillo-Messa Elena , Merayo-Fernandez Laura , Cosmo-Garcia Inmaculada , Ramos-Soriano Isabel , Gonzalez-Garcia Laura , Camba-Longueira Fatima 
Published: August 2024

Objective For many health care providers, an umbilical venous catheter (UVC) may be a contraindication for skin-to-skin contact (SSC). Our aim was to compare the frequency of adverse events between preterm infants who were on SSC with UVC and those who remained in an incubator.
Study Design Prospective observational study in newborns less than 35 weeks gestation. UVC-related adverse events were compared between neonates who performed SSC and those who did not. The incidence of catheter-related displacement, leak, loss, hemorrhage, malfunction, and bloodstream infection was studied.
Results From 226 patients, 171 performed SSC with UVC. Their first contact was earlier than in those who remained in an incubator (SSC-UVC, 29 hours [interquartile range (IQR): 21–53] vs. no SSC-UVC, 132 hours [IQR: 96–188]; p < 0.001). Both groups were similar in gestational age (SSC-UVC, 30 weeks vs. no SSC-UVC, 30.3 weeks; p = 0.331) and birth weight (SSC-UVC, 1,285 g vs. no SSC-UVC, 1,355 g; p = 0.2). Studied complications were not more frequent in patients who performed SSC. In fact, although it was not statistically significant, a lower overall incidence of adverse events (SSC-UVC, 13.5% vs. no SSC-UVC, 20%; p = 0.237) and catheter-related bloodstream infection (SSC-UVC, 4.7% vs. no SSC-UVC, 10.9%; p = 0.111) was observed in this group.
Conclusion SSC with a UVC is a safe procedure and there are no more complications in newborns who perform SSC compared to those who remain in the incubator. Due to its demonstrated benefits, SSC should be promoted in premature newborns regardless of the presence of a UVC.
Key Points
Effects of Supplementation with NAD +  Precursors on
Metabolic Syndrome Parameters: A Systematic Review and
Meta-Analysis
Authors: Oliveira-Cruz Amanda , Macedo-Silva Alessa , Silva-Lima Débora , Sanchez-Almeida Julia , Cruz-Coutinho Lívia , Santos Tavares Matheus Paiva , Majerowicz David 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntracellular levels of NAD +  regulate metabolism, among other ways,
through enzymes that use NAD +  as a substrate, capable of inducing
catabolic processes, such as lipid oxidation, glucose uptake, and mitochondrial
activity. In several model organisms, administering precursor compounds for
NAD + synthesis increases its levels, improves lipid and glucose
homeostasis, and reduces weight gain. However, evidence of the effects of these
precursors on human patients needs to be better evaluated. Therefore, we carried
out a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials that
assessed the effects of NAD +  precursors on Metabolic Syndrome
parameters in humans. We based our methods on PRISMA 2020. Our search retrieved
429 articles, and 19 randomized controlled trials were included in the
meta-analysis. We assessed the risk of bias with the Rob 2 algorithm and
summarized the quality of evidence with the GRADE algorithm. Supplementation
with NAD +  precursors reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol and
triglycerides in volunteers, but the intervention did not significantly affect
the other outcomes analyzed. Three of the included articles presented a high
risk of bias. The quality of evidence varied between very low and low due to the
risk of bias, imprecision, and indirectness. The number of participants in
outcomes other than lipidemia is still generally tiny; therefore, more clinical
trials evaluating these parameters will increase the quality of the evidence. On
the other hand, quality randomized studies are essential to assess better the
effects of NAD +  precursors on lipidemia.
Ancient languages and algorithms
Authors: Round Erich R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Historical linguistics has experienced an upsurge in methodological innovation. However, owing to the constraints
of contemporary publication, these innovations often appear in print in a format which is technical, dense and less than fully
accessible. Moreover, because these innovations are still young and have often arisen in other fields before being translated to
historical linguistics, our own discipline has yet to accumulate a stock of trusted explanations of them, presented lucidly and
addressed specifically to our field and to its scientific concerns. This special issue is dedicated to promoting the accessibility
of new methods. Despite their technical details, most new methods in historical linguistics rest upon a rationale and an essential
logic that are perfectly comprehensible to interested historical linguists, so long as they are communicated in a fashion that is
sympathetic and respectful to a linguistic audience. This introduction contextualizes the five papers of the special
issue.
Electron qubits surfing on acoustic waves: review of recent progress
Authors: Wang Junliang , Edlbauer Hermann , Jadot Baptiste , Meunier Tristan , Takada Shintaro , Bäuerle Christopher , Sellier Hermann 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The displacement of a single electron enables exciting avenues for nanotechnology with vast application potential in quantum metrology, quantum communication and quantum computation. Surface acoustic waves (SAW) have proven itself as a surprisingly useful solution to perform this task over large distance with outstanding precision and reliability. Over the last decade, important milestones have been achieved bringing SAW-driven single-electron transport from first proof-of-principle demonstrations to accurate, highly-controlled implementations, such as coherent spin transport, charge-to-photon conversion, or antibunching of charge states. Beyond the well-established piezoelectric gallium-arsenide platform, first realisations of acousto-electronic transport have also been carried out on the surface of liquid helium that promises unique stability and coherence. In this review article, we aim to keep track of this remarkable progress in SAW-driven transport of electron qubits by explaining these recent achievements from basic principles, with an outlook on follow-up experiments and near-term applications.
Large-scale data processing platform for laser absorption tomography
Authors: Zhou Minqiu , Zhang Rui , Chen Yuan , Fu Yalei , Xia Jiangnan , Upadhyay Abhishek , Liu Chang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Laser absorption tomography (LAT) has been widely employed to capture two/three-dimensional reactive flow-field parameters with a penetrating spatiotemporal resolution. In industrial environments, LAT is generally implemented by measuring multiple, e.g. 30 to more than 100, wavelength modulated laser transmissions at high imaging rates, e.g. tens to thousands of frames per second (fps). A short-period LAT experiment can generate extensive load of data, which require massive computational source and time for data post-processing. In this work, a large-scale data processing platform is designed for industrial LAT. The platform significantly speeds up LAT signal processing by introducing a parallel computing architecture. By identifying the discrepancy between the measured and theoretical spectra, the new platform enables indexing of the laser-beam measurements that are disturbed by harsh-environment noise. Such a scheme facilitates effective removal of noise-distorted beams, which can lead to artefacts in the reconstructed images. The designed platform is validated by a lab-based LAT experiment, which is implemented by processing the laser transmissions of a 32-beam LAT sensor working at 250 fps. To process a 60 s LAT experimental dataset, the parallelism enabled by the platform saves computational time by 40.12% compared to the traditional single-thread approach. The error-detection scheme enables the successful accurate identification of noise-distorted measurements, i.e. 0.59% of overall laser-beam measurements that fall out of the physical model.
A comparative study of cosmological constraints from weak lensing using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Sharma Divij , Dai Biwei , Seljak Uroš 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Weak Lensing (WL) surveys are reaching unprecedented depths, enabling the investigation of very small angular scales. At these scales, nonlinear gravitational effects lead to higher-order correlations making the matter distribution highly non-Gaussian. Extracting this information using traditional statistics has proven difficult, and Machine Learning based summary statistics have emerged as a powerful alternative. We explore the capabilities of a discriminative, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) based approach, focusing on parameter constraints in the (Ω
m
, σ8) cosmological parameter space. Leveraging novel training loss functions and network representations on WL mock datasets without baryons, we show that our models achieve ~ 5 times higher figure of merit in the σ8-Ω
m
plane than the power spectrum, ~ 3 times higher than peak counts, and ~ 2 times higher than previous CNN-learned summary statistics and scattering transforms, for noise levels relevant to Rubin or Euclid. For WL convergence maps with baryonic physics, our models achieve ~ 2.3 times stronger constraining power than the power spectrum at these noise levels, also outperforming previous summary statistics. To further explore the possibilities of CNNs for this task, we also discuss transfer learning where we adapt pre-trained models, trained on different tasks or datasets, for cosmological inference, finding that these do not improve the performance.
Effect of Mn2+ doping and DDAB-assisted postpassivation on the structural and optical properties of CsPb(Cl/Br)3 halide perovskite nanocrystals
Authors: Dubey Charu , Yadav Anjana , Kachhap Santosh , Singh Sunil Kumar , Gupta Govind , Singh Satendra Pal , Singh Akhilesh Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Cesium lead halide perovskite (CsPbX3; X = Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals showing intense band-edge emission and high photoluminescence quantum yield are known to be a potential candidate for application in optoelectronic devices. However, controlling toxicity due to the presence of Pb2+ in lead-based halide perovskites is a major challenge for the environment that needs to be tackled cautiously. In this work, we have partially replaced Pb2+ with Mn2+ ions in the CsPb(Cl/Br)3 nanocrystals and investigated their impact on the structural and optical properties. The Rietveld refinement shows that CsPbCl2Br nanocrystals possess a cubic crystal structure with Pm

3

̅

m space group, the Mn2+ doping results in the contraction of the unit cell. The CsPb(Cl/Br)3: Mn nanocrystals show a substantial change in the optical properties with an additional emission band at ∼588 nm through a d-d transition, changing the emission color from blue to pink. Here, a didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) ligand that triggers both anion and ligand exchange in the CsPb(Cl/Br)3: Mn nanocrystals have been used to regulate the exchange reaction and tune the emission color of halide perovskites by changing the peak position and the PL intensities of band-edge and Mn2+ defect states. We have also shown that oleic acid helps in the desorption of oleylamine capping from the CsPb(Cl/Br)3: Mn nanocrystal surfaces and DDAB, resulting in the substitution of Cl− with Br− as well as provides capping with shorter branched length ligand which led to increase in the overall PL intensity by many folds.