bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorescent Turn-off Probe of Ni2+ Based Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots
Authors: Kamali SIti Raudhatul , Chen Chang-Nan , Agrawal Dinesh Chandra , Wei Tai-Huei 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT: An effective and facile method of generating nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CD) by microwave irradiation is presented in this study. A precursor, succinic acid (SA), and a nitrogen source, bis-(3-aminopropyl)-amine (BAPA), were used to obtain N-CD. A precious quantum yield (QY) of 49.0% was obtained from the preparation of N-CD, which was well-soluble in water. The N-CD material was highly selective and sensitive for the detection of nickel ion (Ni2+), with a detection limit of 0.26 μM and a linear concentration range of 5-175 μM. The quenching of the N-CD by the presence of Ni2+ was referred to formation of complexes because of the interaction of Ni2+ on the N-CD. Hence, the proposed study has great promise regarding Ni2+ detection in broad applications.

Keywords: Microwave, Ni2+, nitrogen-doped carbon dots.
Intraneural Nodular Fasciitis of the Radial Nerve
Authors: Suwannaphisit Sitthiphong , Minami Naoki , Hasegawa Hideo , Kawamura Kenji , Omokawa Shohei 
Published: August 2024

Case:
We report a case of intraneural nodular fasciitis in the forearm initially suspected as a schwannoma, emphasizing the importance of accurate diagnosis. A 40-year-old woman presented with mass on the lateral aspect of her right forearm and radial neuropathy symptoms for 2 months. An excisional biopsy and histopathological examination confirmed nodular fasciitis. Postoperative evaluation at 4.5 years found no pain, paralysis, or recurrence.

Conclusion:
Awareness of nodular fasciitis is crucial to prevent misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment. Despite its rapid growth, nodular fasciitis generally has an excellent prognosis without long-term consequences.
Efficacy and safety of Chinese tonic medicines for treating sepsis or septic shock: a protocol for a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Yang Rui , Hu Cheng , Zhuo Yuxin , Wang Wen , Tan Qingyuan , Shen Yuxin , Jiang Kun , Sun Xin , Xia Qing , Deng Lihui 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction with high morbidity and mortality. Various studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Chinese tonic medicines (CTMs) in treating sepsis or septic shock. However, trials direct comparing the efficacy and safety of different CTMs for sepsis or septic shock are still lacking. To identify the most optimal CTMs for treating sepsis or septic shock, we plan to perform a systematic review and network meta-analysis of various CTMs used for sepsis or septic shock patients.
Methods
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the efficacy and safety of CTMs for patients with sepsis or septic shock will be systematically searched in Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP database from inception to November 2023. The quality of the included studies will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias V.2.0. tool. The confidence of evidence will be evaluated through the CINeMA (Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis) web application. Primary outcomes include the delta Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (△SOFA) score at day 7 after interventions and 28-day mortality. Secondary outcomes comprise delta serum lactate levels (△Lac) and delta mean arterial pressure (△MAP) at day 7 after interventions as well as total dose and duration of vasoactive drugs. Safety outcome includes adverse drug reactions or adverse drug events (ADRs/ADEs). The Bayesian network meta-analysis will be conducted using the “BUGSnet” package in R version 4.2.2. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values will be used to rank each treatment. Statistical inconsistency assessment, publication bias assessment, heterogeneity analysis, sensitivity analysis, and subgroup analysis will be performed.
Discussion
This study will provide new insights into the efficacy and safety of various CTMs used in sepsis or septic shock patients, providing help for future clinical practice and research.
Systematic review registration
CRD42023482572
Characteristics and Driving Factors of NDVI in the Pingluo Section of the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2020
Authors: Hu Yaling , Sun Yi , Zhang Ping 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Pingluo County is strategically positioned within prominent economic zones including the National Silk Road Economic Belt, the Hubaoyin Energy Golden Triangle, and the Yellow City Belt of Ningxia. Investigating the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) and its relationship with driving factors is crucial for maintaining the ecological stability of this region. Univariate linear regression was employed to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of NDVI in Pingluo County from 2000 to 2020. This was combined with the geographic detector model to explore the driving forces behind spatial differentiation in vegetation, considering both natural and anthropogenic factors. The results indicate that: (1) the vegetation cover in flat land areas fluctuated and increased from 2000 to 2020, with an annual average NDVI of 0.22 and an annual growth rate of 0.002. The spatial distribution is characterized by high values in the east and west, sporadic high values in the center, and banded low values in the north and south. Areas with an NDVI above 0.7 comprise 20.99% of the study area. (2) The NDVI change rate in Pingluo County from 2000 to 2020 was relatively low, averaging 0.0034. Over this period, 90% of the areas experienced increased vegetation cover, while 10% remained stable. (3) The P-value significance test results indicate that only 10% of the study area exhibited degradation, suggesting an overall improvement trend in vegetation over the past 21 years. (4) Among the driving factors, natural influences play a predominant role. Land surface temperature and evapotranspiration are the primary natural factors affecting NDVI changes in Pingluo County, while night light represents the key anthropogenic factor. The interaction between physical and geographical factors on NDVI is predominantly characterized by non-linear enhancement (78.57%) and two-factor enhancement (21.43%).
Assessing the Impacts of Future Land Use and Land Cover Changes on Ecosystem Services in a Coastal City of Bangladesh using an Integrated Approach
Authors: Islam Md Shafiqul , Shi Longyu , Yeasmin Tania , Sorker Raihan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Urban ecosystem services provide environmental and socio-economic benefits; however, these services are not considered during policy making and urban development processes. Satellite imageries and published Ecosystem Service Value (ESV) coefficient with benefits transfer method has been used to estimate ESV in response to Land Use and Land Cover Change (LULC). We used Artificial-neural-network-based cellular automaton (ANN-CA) model to simulate LULC in 2030 and 2050 based on LULC data from 1990 to 2020. Predicted results reveal that agricultural land, barren land, vegetation, and water bodies are likely to decline by 7.56%, 3.06%, 12.22%, and 1.77%, respectively, between 2020 and 2050, but built-up areas are expected to increase by 24.61% owing to urbanization, industrialization, and economic growth. ESV results indicate that vegetation and agriculture make up 70% of the overall ESV, making them the leading LULC groups. The overall ESV could fall by 8.95 US$ ×106/year, mostly due to a decline in agricultural land, waterbodies, and vegetation. This study also identified the contribution of individual Ecosystem Services (ES) functions to the overall ESV. In 2020 and 2050, the ratio of provisioning, regulating, and supporting services to overall ESV is expected to decline from 19.95–8.77%, 39.60–25.60%, and 28.80–13.63%, respectively. On the contrary, the proportion of cultural services to total ESV will rise from 11.66% in 2020 to 52% in 2050, illustrating the rising importance of non-material ecological benefits like as recreation and tourism. The tool utilized in this study, which combines LULC with ES valuation, will aid policymakers and urban planners in current and future sustainable land management.
Cervical Lymphadenopathy: Could It Be Prostate Cancer?
Authors: Gupta Ekansh , Prabhudesai Madhumohan R , Halarnakar Rajesh , Lawande Prashant , Mateen Mohammad Arham 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

One of the most prevalent malignancies in males is prostate cancer, which most often metastasizes to the liver, thorax, bone, and local lymph nodes. The current case describes development of cervical lymphadenopathy; which remains a rather rare initial presentation, seen in <0.1% of the patients diagnosed with prostatic carcinoma. The current report describes a 55-year-old man with complaints of lower back pain and swelling on the left side of his neck for the previous two months. Physical examination revealed several swollen cervical lymph nodes that measured 2 cm, were nontender, firm, and adhered to the skin above. A poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was found during cytological examination of the lymph nodes in the left lower cervical region. Findings from the ensuing Computed Tomography scan pointed to the possibility of spread prostatic cancer. PSA values were determined to be 364.762 ng/ml after additional analysis. The patient was then planned for hormone ablation therapy as per Institute protocol, in view of metastatic prostate cancer. The current report highlights the importance of timely detection of malignancies, particularly those such as Prostate cancer, that are slow growing and have well-established screening tools (such as PSA assays). Involvement of the cervical lymph nodes in prostate cancer, particularly for older individuals, is nearly always linked to extensive metastatic disease. As a result, it is a poor prognostic factor for prostate cancer patients, whose survival rates are markedly lower. Although hormone therapy has advanced significantly as the cornerstone of care for metastatic prostate cancer, the prognosis for these cases is still quite poor, especially when there has been distant lymph node metastases.
Meteorological drought threat assessment: ranking analysis and its application to a regional study in central Mexico
Authors: Roca-Flores Elio , Soto-Bernal Juan J. , Rojo-Garibaldi Berenice , Fontanelli Oscar , González-González Miguel Angel , Fraedrich Klaus , Naumis Gerardo G. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This work presents a novel method for using ranking statistics in the assessment of the meteorological drought threat, applied to the drought-prone region of Aguascalientes in Mexico, which can serve to identify local climate regions. Extreme drought poses a risk to human health, economy, and survival, aside from its ecological effects. One way to study and assess the threat of complex catastrophic events such as earthquakes, hurricanes, and others is by using ranking statistics. Such a method has not been used to analyze droughts. Here, such a tool is introduced to study an important case example in central Mexico: Aguascalientes City, which recently suffered from extreme drought conditions in 2022 and 2023. Therefore, in this work, the ranking of annual precipitations in Aguascalientes City is obtained. This analysis indicates that meteorological droughts can be classified into different phases, which are clearly separated by gaps in the ranking profile on a log-log scale. Thereafter, several ranking laws that fit both tails corresponding to dramatic events were compared to the data using nonlinear regression. It is found that the Weibull function provides a better fit to the data than other two-parameter fitting functions. An empirical analysis of the fitting parameters of such a function for nearby communities shows a linear relation between both parameters, revealing an negative correlation between the meteorological drought threat and the threat of rainy years. This provides a quantitative measure of the historical behavior of the meteorological drought threat that can serve as a spatial climatic index.
High Triplet Energy Host Material with a 1,3,5-Oxadiazine Core from a One-step Interrupted Fischer Indolization
Authors: Romanov Alexander , Riley Charlotte , Cho Hwan-Hee , Brannan Alexander , Phuoc Nguyen , Linnolahti Mikko , Greenham Neil 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

A series of new 1,3,5-oxadiazines (NON) is prepared by the condensation of substituted arylhydrazines and cyclohexylcarbaldehyde in a 2:3 ratio with moderate to high yields. This straightforward “one-pot” procedure proceeds via the interrupted Fischer indolization mechanism and enables the formation of indoline-containing derivatives with three fused heterocyclic rings and two stereogenic centres. The NON materials emit UV-fluorescence in the range of 315–338 nm, with fast radiative rates up to 1.7·108 s–1, while possessing highly desirable characteristics for application in deep-blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLED) devices: good thermal stability, a wide energy gap (3.9 eV), a well-stabilised HOMO (–6.1 eV), a destabilised LUMO (–2.2 eV), a high triplet energy level of (3.3 eV), and excellent volatility during sublimation. The most promising NON material was tested as a host for a Carbene-Metal-Amide complex in an OLED device. The NON-host blue-shifts the electroluminescence while significantly improving OLED colour purity by narrowing the electroluminescence profile of the charge transfer TADF emitter in comparison to devices containing conventional hosts. This work informs the molecular design of new NON-host materials, enabling deep-blue OLED devices with a peak external quantum efficiency of 21%.
Work-family practices and work-family relationship: The role of boundary management
Authors: Geraldes Daniela Teixeira , Chambel Maria José , Carvalho Vânia Sofia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Research has postulated the impact of work-family practices on work-family relationship. Nevertheless, there is still more to explain about this relationship's mechanisms and/or enhancers. Based on border theory, this study aims to explore boundary control and work-family segmentation enactment as mechanisms to explain the relationship between work-family practices and work-family relationship (conflict and enrichment). The effect was evaluated through a two-wave data collection from 222 Portuguese bank employees. We observed that boundary control fully mediates the relationship between work-family practices and work-family conflict and partially mediates this relationship with work-family enrichment. Moreover, work-family segmentation enactment moderates the relationship between work-family practices and boundary control, weakening this relationship. Taking these results together, this study adds that employees’ boundary management strategies were imperative to explain and foster the relationship between work-family practices and work-family relationship. The findings reveal the importance of work-family practices, along with the prominence of boundary theory for the field and offer implications for future research and organizational practice.
Towards automatically verifying chemical structures: the powerful combination of ¹H NMR and IR spectroscopy
Authors: Lewis Richard , Rowlands Benji , Jonsson Lina , Goodman Jonathan , Howe Peter , Czechtizky Werngard , Leek Tomas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Human interpretation of spectroscopic data remains key to confirming new structures; the quest for speed and resource-efficiency suggests automating structure verification. We report that the combination of NMR and easily accessible IR data greatly improves its performance. We introduce an algorithm to quantify the similarity between experimental and calculated IR spectra and apply this to distinguish between a test set of 43 molecules and 100 similar isomeric structures. We describe a method to combine IR and ¹H NMR results measuring performance as the structure classification characteristic area over curve (SCC-AOC). Combination of IR and ¹H NMR significantly outperforms either technique alone (SCC-AOC 0.025 for combined data compared to IR 0.053 and 1H NMR 0.101 and a large step towards the ideal SCC-AOC value of zero). It drives the correct classification rate of the 100 comparisons to 87% from ca. 80% for individual methods and brings reliable automation within grasp.
Fine-Tuning RoBERTa for Truthfulness Classification: A Case Study on the LIAR Dataset
Authors: Thakar Hemang , Bhatt Brijesh 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The proliferation of social media has revolutionized information dissemination, leading to an exponential increase in the spread of news. However, this digital transformation has also given rise to the pervasive issue of fake news, which poses significant threats to society. This paper addresses the critical challenge of detecting fake news on social media platforms. We present an innovative approach leveraging deep learning techniques to identify and quantify the falseness of news statements. Our model integrates contextual word embeddings with attention mechanisms, enriched by relevant metadata to enhance detection accuracy. By employing this sophisticated architecture, we aim to distinguish between authentic and fraudulent news with greater precision. The proposed model's performance is evaluated on multiple real-world datasets, including the LIAR dataset, where it achieved a notable accuracy of 66\%. Our findings underscore the potential of advanced machine learning methods to mitigate the impact of fake news and contribute to more reliable information consumption in the digital age.
Are American Women more deprived than Men?
Authors: Kusinza Doux Baraka 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

American men experience higher premature death than women, while women are more likely to experience poverty throughout their lifetimes. These gender inequalities are substantially different across racial groups. Based on these facts, I explore in this paper two complementary questions. First, what is the most disadvantaged gender group when combining poverty and mortality data? Second, are there racial disparities in the pattern of gender inequalities in total deprivation? This study uses the generated deprivation index, a novel indicator that aggregates poverty and mortality as components of total deprivation, to answer those questions. Two main conclusions emerge. First, since the 1990s, men and women have been experiencing very similar total deprivation rates, whereas, before then, men were more deprived than women. The reduction of the gender gap in mortality combined with the lack of significant progress in gender inequality in income poverty resulted in a steeper decline in total deprivation among men. Second, this near gender equality in total deprivation hides sizable disparities across races. The gender gap against women is higher for Hispanics and Blacks compared to Whites Non-Hispanics. This finding suggests that women in Minorities face more severe racial penalties than men.
JEL Classification: I32, J16, O51
Estimation of Thermal Comfort Index Under Climate Model Uncertainty
Authors: Gao Yidan , Nevat Ido , Septier Francois 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

We develop a new statistical model and an algorithm for estimating any Thermal Comfort Index (TCI) by combining two practical considerations: 1) the climate model estimates are imperfect (noisy) due to model inaccuracies. 2) the climate variables exhibit complex non-linear dependence structure and follow non-Gaussian distributions, which we capture via Statistical Copula modelling. We first show that our model can be interpreted from a statistical perspective as a hierarchical statistical model and is challenging to perform inference of the TCI values due to its mathematical intractability. To overcome this challenging problem, we develop a novel inferential procedure, based on an Importance sampling algorithm to estimate the statistical properties of the TCI.We show that our algorithm provides much lower Mean Squared Error (MSE) of estimating the TCI values than a conventional approach which does not take the uncertainties into account. We then demonstrate the suitability of our algorithm for real-world examples using WRF climate model simulations and the Heat index thermal comfort model. The proposed algorithm can help policymakers make well-informed decisions regarding health and climate-informed urban design.
Evaluation of soil structural quality and soil fertility indicators of dryland and fadama milieus using soil profile pits
Authors: Usman Suleiman , Jayeoba James O 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Soil profile pits between 0 and 20 cm for eighteen different soil pedons in the dryland and fadama areas of Kebbi State, Nigeria, were used to evaluate the soil structural quality and soil fertility indicators for soil management suggestions. There were significant differences between the dryland and fadama sites for chemical indicators (P<0.001), and also variations existed between the sites for NPK ratios and soil reaction (pH). Nitrogen and phosphorus were evaluated at very low and low levels, whereas potassium appeared to be moderate. The common ratios for NPK compounds in the fadama site were 1:1:2, 1:1:3, 1:1:4 and 1:2:5; however, in the dryland site, there were diverse ratios, which appeared to differ from one site to another. Three classes of CEC were evaluated for the dryland (very-low, low, and moderate) and fadama (low, moderate, and high) sites. Soil pedons 1, 2, 5, 7, and 8 were extremely acidic, while soil pedons 10 and 18 were strongly acidic; soil pedons 9, 12, 15, and 17 were moderately acidic; soil pedons 3, 4, 11, 13, and 14 were slightly acidic; and soil pedons 6 and 16 were neutral and slightly alkaline, respectively. The soil structural quality at the dryland and fadama sites was classified into seven (7) classes, five of which were related to dryland sites (weak, very weak, moderate, strong, and good); however, the other two classes were related to fadama sites (well and good structures). It is suggested that the management of dryland and fadama sites in the study area can be achieved through four different applications: (a) the use of abundant organic manure to improve soil fertility, (b) the use of chemical fertilizer with high amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus but very low potassium and (c) the improvement of organic carbon and organic matter content by the return of organic residues (plant and animal materials) to the soils after crop harvest to enhance the rapid development of soil organic carbon and organic matter.