bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subject‐ and resource‐specific monitoring and proactive management of parallel radiofrequency transmission
Authors: Deniz Cem M. , Alon Leeor , Brown Ryan , Zhu Yudong 
Published: July 2015

PurposeDevelop a practical comprehensive package for proactive management of parallel radiofrequency (RF) transmission.MethodsWith a constrained optimization framework and predictive models from a prescan based multichannel calibration, we presented a method supporting design and optimization of parallel RF excitation pulses that accurately obey the forward/reflected peak and average power limits of the RF power amplifiers in parallel transmit imaging experiments and Bloch simulations. Moreover, local SAR limits were incorporated into the parallel RF excitation pulses using electromagnetic field simulations. Virtual transmit coils concept for minimization of reflected power (effecting subject‐specific matching) was additionally demonstrated by leveraging experimentally calibrated power models.ResultsIncorporation of experimentally calibrated power prediction models resulted in accurate compliance with prescribed hardware and global specific absorption rate (SAR) limits. Incorporation of spatial average 10 g SAR models, facilitated by simplifying numerical approximations, provided assurance of patient safety. RF pulses designed with various constraints demonstrated excellent excitation fidelity—the normalized root‐mean‐square error of the simulated excitation profiles was 2.6% for the fully constrained pulses, comparable to that of the unconstrained pulses. An RF shimming example showed a reduction of the reflected‐to‐forward power ratio to 1.7% from a conventional approach's 8.1%.ConclusionUsing the presented RF pulse design method, effective proactive management of the multifaceted power and SAR limits was demonstrated in experimental and simulation studies. Magn Reson Med 76:20–31, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mapping Cohesive Fracture and Fragmentation Simulations to Graphics Processor Units
Authors: Alhadeff A. , Celes W. , Paulino G. H. 
Published: July 2015

SummaryA graphics processor units(GPU)‐based computational framework is presented to deal with dynamic failure events simulated by means of cohesive zone elements. The work is divided into two parts. In the first part, we deal with pre‐processing of the information and verify the effectiveness of dynamic insertion of cohesive elements in large meshes in parallel. To this effect, we employ a novel and simplified topological data structure specialized for meshes with triangles, designed to run efficiently and minimize memory occupancy on the GPU. In the second part, we present a parallel explicit dynamics code that implements an extrinsic cohesive zone formulation where the elements are inserted ‘on‐the‐fly’, when needed and where needed. The main challenge for implementing a GPU‐based computational framework using an extrinsic cohesive zone formulation resides on being able to dynamically adapt the mesh, in a consistent way, by inserting cohesive elements on fractured facets. In order to handle that, we extend the conventional data structure used in the finite element method (based on element incidence) and store, for each element, references to the adjacent elements. This additional information suffices to consistently insert cohesive elements by duplicating nodes when needed. Currently, our data structure is specialized for triangular meshes, but an extension to tetrahedral meshes is feasible. The data structure is effective when used in conjunction with algorithms to traverse nodes and elements. Results from parallel simulations show an increase in performance when adopting strategies such as distributing different jobs among threads for the same element and launching many threads per element. To avoid concurrency on accessing shared entities, we employ graph coloring. In a pre‐processing phase, each node of the dual graph (bulk elements of the mesh as graph nodes) is assigned a color different from the colors assigned to adjacent nodes. In that fashion, elements of the same color can be processed in parallel without concurrency. All the procedures needed for the insertion of cohesive elements along fracture facets and for computing nodal properties are performed by threads assigned to triangles, invoking one kernel per color. Computations on existing cohesive elements are also performed based on adjacent bulk elements. Experiments show that GPU speedup increases with the number of nodes and bulk elements. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MPC‐based tracking for real‐time systems subject to time‐varying polytopic constraints
Authors: Manrique T. , Fiacchini M. , Chambrion T. , Millerioux G. 
Published: July 2015

SummaryThis paper presents a real‐time MPC‐based tracking strategy for linear systems subject to time‐varying constraints. The framework is quite general because the time‐varying constraints can apply both to the state and to the input. To handle the problem, a polytopic invariant set computed off‐line is homogeneously dilated or contracted on‐line to fit the polytopic time‐varying constraints. The invariant set is used as an admissible terminal constraint set so that it guarantees stability and convergence in the tracking task. The on‐line cost of the homothetic invariant set computation is low enough to cope with systems subject to stringent real‐time constraints. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A PBC‐DFT study of electronic properties of substituted polythiophenes
Authors: Vikramaditya Talapunur , Saisudhakar Mukka , Sumithra Kanakamma 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe electronic properties of polythiophenes substituted with various electron‐withdrawing and electron‐donating groups are investigated by employing periodic density functional calculations. The polymer is modeled as infinite one‐dimensional system with periodic boundary condition along the molecular direction. The effect of substitution on bandgaps is studied with various substituents like alkyls, halogens, aromatic and alkoxy groups in different regioregular forms. The alkoxy groups are found to substantially lower the bandgap of unsubstituted polythiophene, and aromatic groups in head–head/tail–tail forms are found to increase the bandgap. Irrespective of the type of substituents, groups that show deviations in planarity in oligomeric forms have shown an increase in bandgap in contrast to the general perception that head–head linkage always results in an increase in bandgap. Our study also confirms the previous findings that scaling from the oligomer bandgaps poses serious limitation to the prediction of polymeric bandgaps and that it should be evaluated with the infinite polymer system employing periodic boundary condition. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lethal trap trees: a potential option for emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) management
Authors: McCullough Deborah G , Poland Therese M , Lewis Phillip A 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDEconomic and ecological impacts of ash (Fraxinus spp.) mortality resulting from emerald ash borer (EAB) (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) invasion are severe in forested, residential and urban areas. Management options include girdling ash trees to attract ovipositing adult beetles and then destroying infested trees before larvae develop or protecting ash with a highly effective, systemic emamectin benzoate insecticide. Injecting this insecticide and then girdling injected trees a few weeks later could effectively create lethal trap trees, similar to a bait‐and‐kill tactic, if girdling does not interfere with insecticide translocation. We compared EAB larval densities on girdled trees, trees injected with the emamectin benzoate insecticide, trees injected with the insecticide and then girdled 18–21 days later and untreated controls at multiple sites.RESULTSPretreatment larval densities did not differ among treatments. Current‐year larval densities were higher on girdled and control trees than on any trees treated with insecticide at all sites. Foliar residue analysis and adult EAB bioassays showed that girdling trees after insecticide injections did not reduce insecticide translocation.CONCLUSIONSGirdling ash trees to attract adult EAB did not reduce efficacy of emamectin benzoate trunk injections applied ≥18 days earlier and could potentially be used in integrated management programs to slow EAB population growth. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Changes in the loadings on the shoulder girdle in the case of scapulothoracic fusion
Authors: Atmaca Halil , Uğur Levent , Özkan Arif , Grassi Mantelli Alberto , Erzincanli Fehmi 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackgroundScapulothoracic fusion (STF) may be an alternative and salvage procedure in the treatment of scapular winging. The biomechanical effects of this procedure on the shoulder girdle have not been previously considered. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the relationship between STF and the stress distribution pattern of the shoulder girdle.MethodsThree‐dimensional solid modeling of the shoulder girdle was carried out using virtual finite element modeling. STF was applied to the reference model obtained in a computer environment. Dynamic and nonlinear analysis was performed.ResultsStress distributions in joints and ligaments were calculated. With respect to loading on the joints, maximum equivalent stresses increased on acromioclavicular (AC) and GH joints in the case of STF during abduction and flexion respectively.ConclusionResults revealed that STF is a non‐physiological, static procedure leading to load increase on GH and AC joint cartilages, which may be a cause of potential joint osteoarthritis. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improving dimensional measurement from noisy atomic force microscopy images by non‐local means filtering
Authors: Chen Yuhang 
Published: July 2015

SummaryQuantitative evaluation of dimensional parameters from noisy atomic force microscopy (AFM) images was investigated. Non‐local means (NLM) denoising was adopted to reduce noise and maintain fine image structures. Major tuning parameters in NLM filtering, such as the patch size and the window size, were optimized on simulated surface structures. The ability of dimensional evaluation from noisy data was demonstrated to be improved by almost 15 times. Finally, NLM filtering with optimal settings was applied on experimental AFM images, which were scanned on a patterned few‐layer graphene specimen. Evaluations of the step height and the pattern size were verified to be much more accurate and robust. Such a data processing method can enhance the AFM dimensional measurements, particularly when the noise‐level is reached. SCANNING 38:113–120, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
‘Micro‐managers’ of hepatic lipid metabolism and NAFLD
Authors: Liu Wei , Cao Hongchao , Yan Jun , Huang Ruimin , Ying Hao 
Published: July 2015

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is tightly associated with insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. As the defining feature of NAFLD, hepatic steatosis develops as a consequence of metabolic dysregulation of de novo lipogenesis, fatty acid uptake, fatty acid oxidation, and triglycerides (TG) export. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of endogenous small noncoding RNAs, play critical roles in various biological processes through regulating gene expression at post‐transcriptional level. A growing body of evidence suggests that miRNAs not only maintain hepatic TG homeostasis under physiological condition, but also participate in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge of the hepatic miRNAs associated with the development of liver steatosis and the regulatory mechanisms involved, which might be helpful to further understand the nature of NAFLD and provide a sound scientific basis for the drug development. WIREs RNA 2015, 6:581–593. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1295This article is categorized under:

RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
Using GPS collars to determine parturition and cause‐specific mortality of moose calves
Authors: Severud William J. , Giudice Glenn Del , Obermoller Tyler R. , Enright Thomas A. , Wright Robert G. , Forester James D. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTGlobal positioning system (GPS) collars have been deployed on adult moose (Alces americanus) and other ungulates to study various aspects of their ecology, but until the current study they have not been fitted to moose neonates. The moose population in northeastern Minnesota, USA, has been declining since 2006, and information on neonatal survival and cause‐specific mortality are needed. We monitored hourly movements of GPS‐collared females for indications of calving. During 2 May–2 June 2013 we observed 47 of 73 collared females (50 known pregnant, 17 not pregnant, 6 unknown pregnancy status) make “calving movements” followed by a clustering of locations. After allowing a mean bonding time of 40.2 hr, we approached their calving sites and captured and GPS‐collared 49 neonates from 31 dams. We closely monitored dam–calf movements and launched rapid investigative responses to calf mortality notifications to determine cause of mortality. Mean response time was 53.3 hr, but ranged from 0.3 hr to 579 hr, depending on collar accessibility and proper functioning of the GPS component. We censored capture‐related mortalities and slipped collars. Twenty‐five of 34 calves (74%) died of natural causes as of 31 December 2013, including 1 after natural abandonment, 1 after abandonment of unknown cause, 1 drowning, 1 unknown predator kill, 1 lethal infection from wolf (Canis lupus) bites, 4 black bear (Ursus americanus) kills, 12 wolf kills, and 4 “probable wolf kills.” As this technology develops, the quantity and quality of survival, cause‐specific mortality, movement, and habitat use data generated from intense monitoring of GPS‐collared adults and offspring will have unprecedented value associated with management at the population and landscape scales. © 2015 The Wildlife Society.
Synthesis, Structures, and Luminescent Properties of Two Four‐connected Polymers Based on 2, 2‐Dimethylsuccinic Acid
Authors: Ding Fang , Qi Yan‐Guo , Xu Yun , Yang Pei‐Pei , Zhou Yong‐Hong , Zhu Li‐Li 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe polymers [Cd(L)(H2O)] (1) and [Zn(L)(4, 4′‐bipy)(H2O)3] (2) (L = 2, 2‐dimethylsuccinated anion) were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by IR spectrosopy, elemental analyses, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The latter reveals that the polymer 1 exhibits a four‐connected dia‐topology net based on the novel tetranuclear CdII units, whereas polymer 2 displays a 4‐connnected CdSO4 topology net. Moreover, the photoluminescent properties of 1 and 2 were investigated.
THE PLACE OF WORSHIP IN SOLEMNIZATION OF A MARRIAGE
Authors: Kennett Wendy 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe recent decision of the United Kingdom Supreme Court in Regina (Hodkin and another) v Registrar General for Births, Deaths and Marriages concerned the registration of the premises belonging to the Church of Scientology in London as a place of worship, specifically for the purpose of enabling a marriage to take place there which would be valid in law. This article examines the continuing significance of a registered place of worship in the English law rules on formalities of marriage. It provides a brief history of the role of religion in the solemnization of marriages in England and Wales, and the emergence of the “place of worship” as a constituent element in the celebration of a valid marriage. The role of marriage at a registered place of worship in the current legislation governing the formalities of marriage is considered, along with the impact on that scheme of the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013. The exceptional character of the approach adopted by English law is highlighted by a comparative survey of laws on the solemnization of marriages, which also demonstrates some of the problems arising out of alternative solutions. Finally, recent attempts to reform the law are noted, followed by some concluding remarks on possible future developments.
Can behavioural differences inPlatypus cylindrus(Coleoptera: Platypodinae) from Portugal and Tunisia be explained by genetic and morphological traits?
Authors: Bellahirech A. , Inácio M.L. , Nóbrega F. , Henriques J. , Bonifácio L. , Sousa E. , Ben Jamâa M.L. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPlatypus cylindrusis an important wood borer of cork oak trees (Quercus suber) in the Mediterranean region, namely Portugal, Morocco and Algeria where its presence has drastically increased in the past few decades. On the contrary, the insect is not a relevant pest in Tunisia. The aim of this work is to analyze morphological and genetic differences among Tunisian and Portuguese populations in order to understand their role in the diverse population dynamics (e.g., aggressiveness) of the insect. The information could be used as a novel tool to implement protective measures. Insects were collected from cork oak stands in Tunisia (Ain Beya, Babouch and Mzara) and Portugal (Chamusca and Crato). Morphological traits of female and male mycangial pits were determined, using scanning electron microscopy but no significant differences were found. Genetic differences were analyzed using nuclear (internal simple sequence repeat polymerase chain reaction) and mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase I (COI)) molecular markers. The results showed a very low level of intraspecific polymorphism and genetic diversity. The alignment of COI sequences showed high percentage of identical sites (99%) indicating a very low variation in nucleotide composition. Other variables related with the ecology of the insect and its associated fungi must be studied for a better understanding of the differences in the insect population's dynamic in Mediterranean countries.
REGULARITY CRITERION AND CLASSIFICATION FOR ALGEBRAS OF JORDAN TYPE
Authors: SHEN Y. , ZHOU G.-S. , LU D.-M. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe show that Artin–Schelter regularity of a $\mathbb{Z}$-graded algebra can be examined by its associated $\mathbb{Z}$r-graded algebra. We prove that there is exactly one class of four-dimensional Artin–Schelter regular algebras with two generators of degree one in the Jordan type. This class is strongly noetherian, Auslander regular, and Cohen–Macaulay. Their automorphisms and point modules are described.
THE CANCELLATION NORM AND THE GEOMETRY OF BI-INVARIANT WORD METRICS
Authors: BRANDENBURSKY MICHAEL , GAL ŚWIATOSŁAW R. , KĘDRA JAREK , MARCINKOWSKI MICHAŁ 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe study bi-invariant word metrics on groups. We provide an efficient algorithm for computing the bi-invariant word norm on a finitely generated free group and we construct an isometric embedding of a locally compact tree into the bi-invariant Cayley graph of a nonabelian free group. We investigate the geometry of cyclic subgroups. We observe that in many classes of groups, cyclic subgroups are either bounded or detected by homogeneous quasimorphisms. We call this property the bq-dichotomy and we prove it for many classes of groups of geometric origin.
FACTORIALS AND THE RAMANUJAN FUNCTION
Authors: BRAVO JHON J. , LUCA FLORIAN 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn 2006, F. Luca and I. E. Shparlinski (Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Math. Sci.)116(1) (2006), 1–8) proved that there are only finitely many pairs (n, m) of positive integers which satisfy the Diophantine equation |τ(n!)|=m!, where τ is the Ramanujan function. In this paper, we follow the same approach of Luca and Shparlinski (Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Math. Sci.)116(1) (2006), 1–8) to determine all solutions of the above equation. The proof of our main theorem uses linear forms in two logarithms and arithmetic properties of the Ramanujan function.
STABLE PROPERTIES OF HYPERRELEXIVITY
Authors: ELEFTHERAKIS G. K. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractRecently, a new equivalence relation between weak* closed operator spaces acting on Hilbert spaces has appeared. Two weak* closed operator spaces ${\mathcal{U}}$, ${\mathcal{V}}$ are called weak TRO equivalent if there exist ternary rings of operators ${\mathcal{M}}$i, i = 1, 2 such that ${\mathcal{U}}=[{\mathcal{M}}_2{\mathcal{V}}{\mathcal{M}}_1^*]^{-w^*}, {\mathcal{V}}=[{\mathcal{M}}_2^*{\mathcal{U}}{\mathcal{M}}_1]^{-w^*}.$ Weak TRO equivalent spaces are stably isomorphic, and conversely, stably isomorphic dual operator spaces have normal completely isometric representations with weak TRO equivalent images. In this paper, we prove that if ${\mathcal{U}}$ and ${\mathcal{V}}$ are weak TRO equivalent operator spaces and the space of I × I matrices with entries in ${\mathcal{U}}$, MIw(${\mathcal{U}}$), is hyperreflexive for suitable infinite I, then so is MIw(${\mathcal{V}}$). We describe situations where if ${\mathcal{L}}$1, ${\mathcal{L}}$2 are isomorphic lattices, then the corresponding algebras Alg($\mathcal{L}$1), Alg($\mathcal{L}$2) have the same complete hyperreflexivity constant.
MOTIVIC DONALDSON–THOMAS THEORY AND THE ROLE OF ORIENTATION DATA
Authors: DAVISON BEN 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this paper we introduce and motivate the concept of orientation data, as it appears in the framework for motivic Donaldson–Thomas theory built by Kontsevich and Soibelman. By concentrating on a single simple example we explain the role of orientation data in defining the integration map, a central component of the wall crossing formula.
A COMBINATORIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LAGRANGIAN GRASSMANNIAN LG(3,6)()
Authors: SCHILLEWAERT J. , VAN MALDEGHEM H. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe provide a combinatorial characterization of LG(3,6)(${\mathbb{K}}$) using an axiom set which is the natural continuation of the Mazzocca–Melone set we used to characterize Severi varieties over arbitrary fields (Schillewaert and Van Maldeghem, Severi varieties over arbitrary fields,Preprint). This fits within a large project aiming at constructing and characterizing the varieties related to the Freudenthal–Tits magic square.
COX RINGS OF MINIMAL RESOLUTIONS OF SURFACE QUOTIENT SINGULARITIES
Authors: DONTEN-BURY MARIA 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe investigate Cox rings of minimal resolutions of surface quotient singularities and provide two descriptions of these rings. The first one is the equation for the spectrum of a Cox ring, which is a hypersurface in an affine space. The second is the set of generators of the Cox ring viewed as a subring of the coordinate ring of a product of a torus and another surface quotient singularity. In addition, we obtain an explicit description of the minimal resolution as a divisor in a toric variety.
LEBESGUE DECOMPOSITION FOR REPRESENTABLE FUNCTIONALS ON *-ALGEBRAS
Authors: TARCSAY ZSIGMOND 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe offer a Lebesgue-type decomposition of a representable functional on a *-algebra into absolutely continuous and singular parts with respect to another. Such a result was proved by Zs. Szűcs due to a general Lebesgue decomposition theorem of S. Hassi, H.S.V. de Snoo, and Z. Sebestyén concerning non-negative Hermitian forms. In this paper, we provide a self-contained proof of Szűcs' result and in addition we prove that the corresponding absolutely continuous parts are absolutely continuous with respect to each other.
ON THE EXISTENCE OF A GLOBAL NEIGHBOURHOOD
Authors: COATES TOM , IRITANI HIROSHI 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSuppose that a complex manifoldMis locally embedded into a higher-dimensional neighbourhood as a submanifold. We show that, if the local neighbourhood germs are compatible in a suitable sense, then they glue together to give a global neighbourhood ofM. As an application, we prove a global version of Hertling–Manin's unfolding theorem for germs of TEP structures; this has applications in the study of quantum cohomology.
THE GROUP OF BI-GALOIS OBJECTS OVER THE COORDINATE ALGEBRA OF THE FROBENIUS–LUSZTIG KERNEL OF SL(2)
Authors: BICHON JULIEN 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe construct, for q a root of unity of odd order, an embedding of the projective special linear group PSL(n) into the group of bi-Galois objects over uq(sl(n))*, the coordinate algebra of the Frobenius–Lusztig kernel of SL(n), which is shown to be an isomorphism at n=2.