bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the Molecular Mechanisms and Active Components of Angong Niuhuang Pills in Stroke Treatment: Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Cellular Studies
Authors: CHEN JU 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Angong Niuhuang pills (ANPs) exhibit a curative effect in patients with stroke, but its main effective components remain unexplored. Here, we aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and active ingredients of ANPs against stroke through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and cellular experiments.
Methods: The compounds and targets of each herb in the ANP were retrieved from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine (BATMAN-TCM) databases. The genes corresponding to the targets were retrieved from the GeneCards database. A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulae-compound-disease-target network was constructed using Cytoscape. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed using the STRING database. The core targets of ANP were analyzed using gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses using the ClueGO plug-in of Cytoscape. The active ingredients of ANP were docked to the top three core targets. Finally, we explored the effects of coptisine on the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) models of PC12 cells.
Results: The TCM formulae-compound-disease-target network contained 81 active ingredients and 759 core targets. We identified 47 GO entries of ANP types for stroke, and 55 pathways were screened based on GO and KEGG pathway analyses. Core targets were mainly involved in biological processes (GO enrichment analysis, p < 0.05), including the regulation of heart contraction, muscle contraction, and steroid metabolic processes. In the KEGG pathway, the core targets were mainly involved in AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, neurotrophin signaling pathway, and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. Molecular docking results showed that norwogonin, coptisine, and musennin had a high affinity for ubiquitin C (UBC), E1A binding protein P300 (EP300), and cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53), respectively. Coptisine alleviates OGD/R injury by regulating EP300 and LC3B expression.
Conclusion: This study, using network pharmacology, molecular docking analysis, and cellular experiments, provides insights into the potential mechanisms and active ingredients of ANPs in stroke protection. The identification of core target genes and signaling pathways suggests that coptisine could be a promising candidate for treating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Genome-wide Identification and Characterization of the LRX Gene Family in Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) and Functional Characterization of VvLRX7 in Plant Salt Response
Authors: Liu Kai , Li Xiujie , Wang Chaoping , Han Yan , Zhu Ziguo , Li Bo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) extensins (LRXs), cell wall-localized chimeric extensin proteins, are essential for the development of plants and in their stress resistance. Despite their significance, an extensive genome-wide analysis of the LRX gene family in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is lacking.
Results
We here detected 14 grapevine LRX genes and classified them into four groups through phylogenetic analysis. Their physiological and biochemical properties and gene/protein structures were also analyzed. According to synteny analysis, the expansion of the grapevine LRX gene family has been appreciably affected by tandem and segmental duplications. On investigating tissue-specific expression profiles and cis-regulatory elements, VvLRXs were found to be the comprehensive regulators of grapevine growth and response to environmental stresses. Salt stress treatments induced the expression of several VvLRXs, and VvLRX7was the most significantly upregulated. Furthermore, VvLRX7expression was positively correlated with the salt tolerance of grape rootstocks. VvLRX7 overexpression in Arabidopsismarkedly enhanced its salt tolerance.
Conclusion
This study has provided a general understanding of the characteristics and evolution of the LRX gene family in grapevine. And it has been demonstrated that VvLRX7 may be key regulator in plant salt response. This provides a basis for future studies of the function of grapevine LRXs and the improvement of salt stress tolerance in grapevine.
Cell type-specific Multi-Omics Analysis of Cocaine Use Disorder in the Human Caudate Nucleus
Authors: Zillich Lea , Artioli Annasara , Pohořalá Veronika , Zillich Eric , Stertz Laura , Belschner Hanna , Jabali Ammar , Frank Josef , Streit Fabian , Avetyan Diana , Völker Maja , Müller Svenja , Hansson Anita , Meyer Thomas , Rietschel Marcella , Spanagel Rainer , Oliveira Ana , Walss-Bass Consuelo , Bernardi Rick , Koch Philipp , Witt Stephanie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Structural and functional alterations in the brain's reward circuitry are present in cocaine use disorder (CocUD), but their molecular underpinnings remain unclear. To investigate these mechanisms, we performed single-nuclei multiome profiling on postmortem caudate nucleus tissue from six individuals with CocUD and eight controls. We profiled 31,178 nuclei, identifying 13 cell types including D1- and D2-medium spiny neurons (MSNs) and glial cells. We observed 1,383 differentially regulated genes and 10,235 differentially accessible peaks, with alterations in MSNs and astrocytes related to neurotransmitter activity and synapse organization. Gene regulatory network analysis identified the transcription factor ZEB1 as exhibiting distinct CocUD-specific subclusters, activating downstream expression of ion- and calcium-channels in MSNs. Further, PDE10A emerged as a potential drug target, showing conserved effects in a rat model. This study highlights cell type-specific molecular alterations in CocUD and provides targets for further investigation, demonstrating the value of multi-omics approaches in addiction research.
A Synergistic, Multi-Platform Approach to Deriving Optically Constrained Aerosol Column Products: Insights into Spatio-temporal dynamics of Black Carbon around Xuzhou and Dhaka
Authors: Tiwari Pravash , Cohen Jason , Lu Lingxiao , Wang Shuo , Li Xiaolu , Guan Luoyao , Liu Zhewen , Li Zhengqiang , Qin Kai 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study presents a top-down aerosol characterization by combining UV band information from TROPOMI and multi-waveband data from AERONET to constrain black carbon (BC) aerosol size and mixing state. The approach, applied to Xuzhou, China, and Dhaka, Bangladesh, reveals smaller BC cores and non-linear morphological influences in both cities. While Dhaka exhibits higher BC core concentrations (mean 5.3 mg m^(-2) vs 7.3 mg m^(-2) in), Xuzhou shows greater overall aerosol column mass and number concentration (mean 397.1 mg m^(-2) and 6.7 × 10^(11) # m^(-2) vs 231.1 mg m^(-2) and 3.8 × 10^(11) # m^(-2)), reflecting different emissions factors and scenarios, and their contribution to BC loading. Spatial analysis uncovers significant aerosol loading along Dhaka's urban riverbanks (BC column mass density 8-9 mg m^(-2)), and rapidly growing lower-tier cities in China, suggesting overlooked emission sources over these regions. The study reveals complex relationships between wind patterns, aerosol accumulation, and dispersion that challenge traditional seasonal dynamics, with significant aerosol accumulation observed in Xuzhou during moderate and high winds. These findings underscore how high-resolution data influences air quality assessments, and can be tailored using available remote sensing datasets to contribute valuable insights for effective air quality management and climate change mitigation.
Prevalence of Tooth Transpositions and Associated Dental Anomalies: a Cbct Study
Authors: ÇAM Kübra , ZENGİN Ayşe Zeynep 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study wasto evaluate the frequency and type of dental transposition and its relationship with other dental anomalies and pathologies using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Materials Methods: Images of patients who had CBCT images taken for various reasons between 2012 and 2023 were evaluated for the occurrence of dental transposition. The demographic data of the patients, the presence of transposed teeth, their number, location, unilateral or bilateral nature, dental transposition classifications defined in the literature, other adjacent dental anomalies and pathologies were examined.
Results: CBCT images of 5000 patients were examined, and 42 transposed teeth were found in 39 of the patients (0.78%). It was observedunilaterally in 92.3% of the patientsand bilaterally in 7.7% of the patients. The most common method was maxillary canine-first premolar transposition (47.61%), and the least common was maxillary central-lateral transposition (2.38%). The presence of persistent primary teeth was the highest in the relevant region (61.53%). External root resorption of tooth roots adjacent to transposed teeth was diagnosed in 17.94% of the patients.
Conclusion: The prevalence of transposition in Turkish society was 0.78%. This study is the first to examine dental transpositions using CBCT in the Turkish population. External root resorption was observed in a number of the adjacent teeth showing transposition. A detailedCBCT examination is very important for diagnosing malocclusion and other problems that may occur due to transposed teeth.
Capturing Early Learning Environments in Urban Anganwadis
Authors: Dockrell Julie , Rao  , Kulkarni Bharati , Shridevi  , Chereau  , Ang Lynn , Davis Dawn 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Profiling the quality of early learning environments in low- and middle-income countries is challenging, but essential to ensure that all children have access to quality early childhood education and care (Global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Target 4.2). We report a study which assessed the early learning environments of a sample of 36 Anganwadi centres (AWCs) in Hyderabad, India using the MELE (Measuring Early Leaning Environments), (MELQO, 2014). The data were part of a large-scale interdisciplinary project, the UKRI GCRF Action Against Stunting Hub (2019–2024). The MELE was translated into the Telegu and observations completed by a local researcher supported by the main team. We outline the context and characteristics of preschool education in the urban Hyderabad Anganwadis and the ways in which the Anganwadis function as centres of learning and offer integrated provisions for child health and nutrition promotion. The findings offer an in-depth assessment of the Anganwadi preschools as captured in three theoretical dimensions: learning environment, learning opportunities and learning interactions. While we found that children in Anganwadis were receiving nutrition, questions are raised about how the settings were supporting children’s cognitive development and the ways in which curricular guidance was implemented. The paper makes an original Action Against Stunting Hub contribution to the early childhood field through its rigor and significance in using a validated and reliable observational tool to measure the early learning environments of culturally diverse settings in the distinctive context of the urban slums of Addagutta and Warasiguda, Hyderabad, India. Opportunities for development are discussed.
O Projeto “Construindo uma Escola Antirracista” e seus efeitos na formação e nas práticas curriculares de professoras de uma escola pública em Uberlândia, MG
Authors: Da Silva Júnior Astrogildo Fernandes , Machado Léa Aureliano de Sousa 
Published: August 2024

O presente texto tem como analisar as formas como o projeto “Construindo uma escola antirracista” reverberou, na formação, e nas práticas curriculares das professoras que atuavam na Educação Infantil de uma escola pública localizada na cidade de Uberlândia, MG. O projeto foi desenvolvido no período de outubro de 2020 a abril de 2022. O foco do projeto foi a Educação Infantil por ser o momento em que os estudantes ingressam na escola. Como metodologia optou-se pela abordagem qualitativa e recorreu à História Oral Temática. Foram entrevistadas oito professoras que participaram de todas as etapas do Projeto. Foi possível constatar que o referido projeto, no que tange à maior parte das protagonistas, promoveu reflexões sobre situações de racismo no ambiente escolar e assim ampliar seus saberes e remodelar suas práticas curriculares.
Strategi Komunikasi KPU Kota Semarang Dalam Mengajak Gen Z Menggunakan Hak Pilih #temanpemilih
Authors: Fitri Alifa Nur , Rohmah Siti , Ayu Aulia Suminar 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini membahas peran dan tantangan Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) dalam menghadapi Pemilu 2024 di Indonesia, dengan fokus pada Generasi Z sebagai pemilih dominan. Generasi Z, yang berjumlah 74,94 juta jiwa atau 27,94% dari total penduduk, sangat terhubung dengan teknologi digital dan media sosial. Meskipun ini mempermudah akses informasi, mereka juga rentan terhadap hoaks yang dapat merusak kepercayaan publik terhadap proses pemilu. Tantangan utama KPU adalah mengatasi penyebaran hoaks di media sosial dan merancang strategi komunikasi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan partisipasi politik anak muda. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, pentingnya literasi politik dan strategi komunikasi yang adaptif pada Pemilu 2014 dan 2019, yang masing-masing mencapai 85,9% dan 91,3%. KPU Kota Semarang telah menunjukkan keberhasilan dalam menggunakan media sosial dan kampanye kreatif seperti #temanpemilih, yang meningkatkan partisipasi pemilih bahkan dalam situasi pandemi. Penelitian ini menyoroti perlunya KPU terus berinovasi dalam menghadapi perubahan perilaku digital Generasi Z, dengan tujuan utama meningkatkan partisipasi politik generasi muda di Indonesia.
Amplifying Radiotherapy by Evoking Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress using a High-performance Aggregation-induced Emission Sonosensitizer
Authors: Li Xing , Sun Yingshu , Wang Yilin , Zhou Ye , Bao Yixuan , Zhang Zhuomiao , Liu Shujing , Yang Huini , Zhang Ruoyao , Xia Peng , Ji Meiju , Hou Peng , Chen Chao 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Developing effective methods to enhance tumor radiosensitivity is
crucial for improving the therapeutic efficacy of radiotherapy (RT). Due to its deep tissue
penetration, excellent safety profile, and precise controllability, sonosensitizer-based sonodynamic
therapy (SDT) has recently garnered significant attention as a promising combined approach
with RT.

Methods:
However, the limited reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation ability in the aggregated
state and the absence of specific organelle targeting in sonosensitizers hinder their
potential to augment RT. This study introduces a fundamental principle guiding the design of
high-performance sonosensitizers employed in the aggregated state. Building upon these principles,
we develop a mitochondria-targeted sonosensitizer molecule (TCSVP) with aggregation-
induced emission (AIE) characteristics by organic synthesis. Then, we demonstrate the
abilities of TCSVP to target mitochondria and produce ROS under ultrasound in H460 cancer
cells using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and fluorescence microscopy.
Subsequently, we examine the effectiveness of enhancing tumor radiosensitivity by utilizing
TCSVP and ultrasound in both H460 cells and H460 and 4T1 tumor-bearing mice.

Results:
The results indicate that evoking non-lethal mitochondrial oxidative stress in tumors
by TCSVP under ultrasound stimulation can significantly improve tumor radiosensitivity (p
<0.05). Additionally, the in vivo safety profile of TCSVP is thoroughly confirmed by histopathological
analysis.

Conclusion:
This work proposes strategies for designing efficient sonosensitizers and underscores
that evoking non-lethal mitochondrial oxidative stress is an effective method to enhance
tumor radiosensitivity.
Myristic Acid Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Enhance the Oral Bioavailability and Therapeutic Efficacy of Rifaximin against MRSA Pneumonia
Authors: Zhang Yumin , Zhang Aoxue , Chen Dongmei , Xie Shuyu 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pneumonia is one of
the leading causes of death and an immense financial burden on healthcare systems. Rifaximin
(RFX) has good antibacterial activity against MRSA, but its clinical application is limited due to its
poor oral absorption. Solid lipid nanoparticles have good biocompatibility, high drug loading, sustained
release performance, and the inertia of lipids in gastric acid, which facilitates oral drug delivery.

Objective:
In order to improve the oral bioavailability of rifaximin and expand the clinical application
of RFX for MRSA pneumonia, this study developed RFX-loaded myristic acid solid lipid nanoparticles
(RFX-SLNs).

Methods:
This study first prepared RFX-SLNs through hot melt emulsification and ultrasonic methods
and selected the optimal formula of RFX-SLNs through single-factor screening. Afterward, the particle
size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index (PDI) of the RFX-SLNs were measured, the morphology
of RFX-SLNs was observed by transmission electron microscopy, and the encapsulation efficiency
(EE) and drug loading capacity (LC) of RFX-SLNs were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Then, the sustained release ability and oral bioavailability of RFX-SLNs were studied through
in vitro release and pharmacokinetics. Finally, the therapeutic effect of RFX-SLNs on MRSA pneumonia
infection was studied by using a mouse MRSA pneumonia infection model.

Results:
The optimal formulation of RFX-SLNs was 1% RFX with water (3% PVA) and oil
(myristic acid) ratio of 1:19. RFX-SLNs were spherical in shape with a smooth surface and uniform
size. The EE and LC of three different batches of RFX-SLNs were 89.35±2.47%, 90.45±3.69%,
88.72±1.18%, and 9.50 ± 0.01%, 10.09±0.01%, and 9.68±0.00%, respectively. In vitro release
and pharmacokinetic studies showed that the myristic acid solid lipid nanoparticles showed excellent
sustained release as expected and increased the oral bioavailability of RFX by 2.18 times. This indicates
that RFX-SLNs can be used for the oral treatment of bacterial infections. Compared to RFX,
RFX-SLNs showed good therapeutic effects in a mouse MRSA pneumonia infection model

Conclusion:
This study indicates that the myristic acid solid lipid nanoparticles might be an effective
way to enhance the oral absorption and therapy effects of RFX and other insoluble drugs. This not only
opens up avenues for the clinical application of RFX but also provides a way for the development of
new dosage forms of water-soluble drugs and the expansion of their clinical application scope.
Strategies for Pain Management after Extraction of Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Rodrigues Janina , Palma Luiz Felipe , da Silva Gabriela Seabra , França Lucas Santiago , Alves Lívia Araújo , Raggio Daniela Prócida , Tedesco Tamara Kerber 
Published: August 2024

Background:
In dental extractions, particularly when local anesthesia is used, it usually
offers analgesic relief for a few hours. However, pain can become a notable concern in the immediate
postoperative period due to the trauma experienced by both soft and hard oral tissues.

Objectives:
This systematic review aimed to evaluate the most effective strategies for managing
postoperative pain in primary tooth extractions.

Methods:
Two examiners conducted a search across five electronic databases: MEDLINE (via
PubMed), Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and OpenGray. Studies were included if
they met the following criteria after reviewing their titles and abstracts: they involved children and
evaluated pain management following primary tooth extraction. Subsequently, articles that described
extractions performed under any form of sedation, were not conducted under local anesthesia,
in an outpatient setting, and in children aged 0 to 12 years, or were not randomized controlled
trials, were excluded.

Results:
The search yielded 374 relevant articles, of which 9 were included. Among these, 5 utilized
preoperative medications as a pain management strategy, one evaluated low-level laser therapy
(LLLT) postoperatively, one assessed calendula drops postoperatively, and another explored
virtual reality during the procedure and arnica in solution both pre and postoperatively.

Conclusion:
Among all the strategies evaluated, the strategy involving analgesics administered 30
minutes before tooth extractions was supported by better-designed studies. However, there is a
high risk of bias.
Contemporary Jurisprudence and Legal Abortion in Asian Muslim Countries: The Politics of Global Abortion Rights
Authors: Tayebi Naeimeh , Radmehr Zohreh , Ghodrati Fatemeh 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Religion plays an important role in a patient's decision to have an abortion,
as well as in a country's abortion policy. However, a holistic understanding of the position of Asian
Islamic countries has been less researched.

Objective:
Contemporary jurisprudence and legal abortion in Asian Muslim countries; The politics
of global abortion rights.

Method:
The article examined jurisprudence and legal issues of abortion in 12 Asian Muslim countries
between 1990 and 2021, searching in reliable databases using the keywords of “abortion, civil
law, criminal consequences.” The exclusion criteria were inadequate data in the study, editorial
studies, and case reports.

Results:
Abortion at the mother's request is legal in Turkey, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan
and the Republic of Azerbaijan. In Iran, Malaysia, Afghanistan, Brunei and Indonesia, abortion is
forbidden at any stage of gestation but before 4 months (Iran) and up to 22 weeks (Malaysia). In
Brunei and Indonesia, it is permitted if a mother’s life is in danger. Abortion is legal in Bangladesh
under the heading of "menstrual regulation," but a mother's request for abortion is illegal unless the
mother's life is in danger. Termination of pregnancy is a crime and punishable in Pakistan unless it
is done in good faith or to preserve the woman's life through "necessary treatment."

Conclusion:
The diversity of procedures in Asian Muslim countries depends on their legal system,
whether it is exclusively based on Sharia law (Iran), a combination of Sharia law along with civil
law (Saudi Arabia), or whether the legal system is not officially based on Sharia laws (Turkey).