bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of insect consumption on exercise performance, body composition and metabolism: a review
Authors: Vanlin J. , Selvanayagam V.S. , Khong T.K. , Yusof A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Insects contain a number of beneficial macronutrients, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds that play crucial roles for optimal bodily functions and exercise. This review aims to consolidate information from studies involving humans and animals that investigated the effect of insect consumption, either alone or in combination with exercise, on exercise performance, body composition, and metabolism. In humans, insect supplementation with exercise could improve strength. Insect supplementation, with or without exercise, could also improve body composition. However, the lack of dietary and physical activity control may have influenced these findings. Insect consumption alone caused increased blood amino acids, followed by activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex-1 (mTORC1) signalling and increased muscle protein synthesis, which is further elevated when combined with resistance exercise. In animals, insect consumption alone could improve endurance and fatigue biomarkers. It could also reduce fat mass and increase muscle mass. The reduction in fat mass was attributed to improvements in blood lipid profiles, while the increase in muscle mass is attributed to elevated blood amino acids and mTORC1. Interestingly, in combination with exercise, greater changes in these variables were observed, including increases in energy metabolism. Findings from animal studies, such as changes in muscle mass and protein metabolism, have been validated in humans, while outcomes regarding endurance, fat mass, and blood lipids have not been validated in humans. This encourages future research to focus on these parameters. Due to ethical constraints and impracticality, there has been a reliance on animal studies to elucidate certain mechanisms and parameters in humans. Overall, insect consumption, with or without exercise, in both humans and animals showed promising results in improving exercise performance, body composition, and metabolism and thus, could function as an alternative exercise supplement. Additionally, utilizing animal models has allowed researchers to better understand the key mechanisms behind these improvements.
Building Public Participation and the Journey Towards Institutionalising Deliberative Democracy from a Parliamentary Perspective
Authors: Burn-Murdoch Ailsa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Scottish Parliament has pioneered the use of an in-house, dedicated team to support participation and community engagement within the impartial parliamentary service. As a result, it is in a unique position to explore the delivery of participative approaches from a scrutiny perspective. Following the recommendations of a citizens’ panel and a cross-party committee of elected members, and the support of the Parliament as a whole, the service is now working towards institutionalising deliberative democracy when the next parliamentary session begins in 2026. This article explores the Scottish Parliament’s journey to date and highlights key learning points and case study examples of work which may be useful to other legislative institutions on a similar journey.
Historical and Future Asymmetry of ENSO Teleconnections with Extremes
Authors: Lieber Ruby , Brown Josephine , King Andrew , Freund Mandy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant source of climate variability globally. Many of the most devastating impacts of ENSO are felt through extremes. Here, we present and describe a spatially complete global synthesis of extreme temperature and precipitation relationships with ENSO. We also investigate how these relationships evolve under a future warming scenario under high greenhouse gas emissions using 14 models from phase 6 of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) ensemble. First, we demonstrate that models broadly capture observed ENSO teleconnections to mean and extreme climate using the Twentieth Century Reanalysis, version 3 (20CRv3). The models project that more regions will experience an amplification of the historical ENSO teleconnection with mean temperature and precipitation than a dampening under a high-emission climate scenario. The response of the ENSO teleconnection with extremes is very similar to the mean response, with even larger changes in some regions. Hence, regions that are predicted to experience an amplification of the ENSO teleconnection under future warming can also expect a comparable amplification in the intensity of extremes. Furthermore, models that suggest greater amplification of ENSO amplitude also tend to exhibit greater intensification of mean and extreme teleconnections. Future changes in regional climate variability may be better constrained if changes in ENSO itself are better understood.
Globalisation and Performance of Manufacturing Sector in Punjab and Tamil Nadu: Implications for Employment and Wages
Authors: Singh Paramjit , Saini Sonam 
Published: August 2024

The present study is a comparative analysis of the performance of the organised manufacturing sector of Punjab and Tamil Nadu. The aggregate and the disaggregate picture reveals that globalisation-led growth of the manufacturing sector in Tamil Nadu has transformed its economy to a highly industrialised economy in Indian Union, and Punjab remained far behind in this context. However, the implications of the performance of the manufacturing sector on employment and wage share have shown common characteristics in both states. The increased capital intensity in the globalisation era has widened the gap between labour productivity and wage share in both states. Since 1991, the emoluments (capitalist share) have increased at a higher rate than the real wages. The decomposition analysis of wage share shows that the falling labour–capital ratio and increased contractualisation of the labour market are some of the important reasons behind the low growth of employment and fall in the wage share. Moreover, the disaggregated analysis reveals a secular increase in the use of capital per unit of labour in labour-intensive industries that has further reduced the employment elasticity of gross value added (GVA) in both states. It also highlights that regional heterogeneity plays an important role in the performance of a particular industry with respect to employment and wage share. JEL Codes: F60, J24, L60
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation combined with hemoperfusion to assist in the rescue of aconitine poisoning: A case report
Authors: Zhao Zhiwen , Fang Zhicheng 
Published: August 2024

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been widely used as a clinical bridge for cardiopulmonary failure. We recently used combined veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) and haemoperfusion to successfully treat a patient with acute aconitine poisoning. The patient was admitted to the Emergency Intensive Care Unit (EICU) in a state of coma and shock. Her received comprehensive treatment, including haemoperfusion and anti-shock therapy. 40 minutes after admission, the patient experienced sudden respiratory and cardiac arrest. After conventional defibrillation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation proved ineffective, veno-arterial ECMO was immediately initiated. One hour after initiation of VA-ECMO, the patient’s heart rhythm stabilised to sinus rhythm. After 33 h of supportive care, the patient was awake, haemodynamically stable and the VA-ECMO was successfully removed. The patient made full recovery 7 days after admission.
Palliative care in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Results from a survey among hepatologists and palliative care physicians
Authors: Iavarone Massimo , Canova Lorenzo , Alimenti Eleonora , Aghemo Alessio , Taveggia Diego , Gobber Gino , Cabibbo Giuseppe , Veronese Simone , Calvaruso Vincenza , Orsi Luciano , Caraceni Paolo , Lampertico Pietro ,   on behalf of Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (AISF) and Italian Society of Palliative Care (SICP)
Published: August 2024

Background:Delays and limitations of palliative care in patients with liver transplantation- ineligible end-stage hepatocellular carcinoma according to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system may be explained by different perceptions between hepatologists and palliative care physicians in the absence of shared guidelines.Aim:To assess physicians’ attitudes toward palliative care in end-stage hepatocellular carcinoma and to understand what the obstacles are to more effective management and co-shared between palliative care physicians and hepatologists.Design:Members of the Italian Association for the Study of Liver Disease and the Italian Society of Palliative Care were invited to a web-based survey to investigate practical management attitude for patients with liver transplant- ineligible end-stage hepatocellular carcinoma.Participants:Physician members of the of the two associations, representing several hospitals and services in the country.Results:Ninety-seven hepatologists and 70 palliative care physicians completed the survey: >80% regularly follow 1–19 patients; 58% of hepatologists collaborate with palliative care physicians in the management of patients, 55% of palliative care physicians take care of patients without the aid of hepatologists. Management of cirrhosis differed significantly between the two groups in terms of prescription of albumin, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, anti-viral treatment, anticoagulation, indication to paracentesis and management of encephalopathy. Full-dose acetaminophen is widely used among hepatologists, while opioids are commonly used by both categories, at full dosage, regardless of liver function.Conclusions:This survey highlights significant differences in the approach to patients with liver transplantation- ineligible end-stage hepatocellular carcinoma, reinforcing the need for shared guidelines and further studies on palliative care in the setting.
Perceived School Belonging Among Youth with Chronic Physical Illness
Authors: Ferro Mark A. , Abbruzzese Serafina , Leatherdale Scott T. , Patte Karen A. 
Published: August 2024

In a sample of youth aged 10–16 years with chronic physical illness, this study examined psychometric properties of a modified Psychological Sense of School Membership (m-PSSM) scale; described longitudinal trends in perceptions over 24 months; and, identified factors associated with school belonging. Youth were recruited from a pediatric hospital in Canada. A total of 105 youth attended school in the past year and provided self-reports. The four-item m-PSSM had a unidimensional structure which was measurement invariant between youth in elementary (10–13 years) versus secondary school (14–16 years). Internal consistency was (ω > .80). There was no evidence that m-PSSM scores changed significantly over time (η2 = 0.05). Predictors of lower perceived school belonging were being in secondary school, having psychopathology, reporting lower quality of life in the domains of social support and school environment, experiencing peer victimization, and living in a community with higher residential instability and lower material deprivation.
Successful combination therapy of trichloroacetic acid, podophyllin, and electrocautery on giant condylomata acuminata
Authors: Yusuf Hasbiallah , Purwoko Muhammad Izazi Hari 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Giant condylomata acuminata (GCA) is a rare presentation of anogenital wart (AGW), invasive locally but does not metastasize. Combination therapy for GCA is suggested based on modalities and experiences. The combination of TCA and podophyllin has showed good efficacy, followed by electrocautery to eradicate warts. Case: A 24-year-old male had a chief complaint of large warts on the base of the penis that had started to bleed for 4 weeks. The initial lesion appeared 8 months prior as a small varucose papule. The patient is unmarried and has history of sexual contact with sex workers. Physical examination showed multiple verrucous papules, flesh-coloured, cauliflower-like shaped, 5 × 2 × 1 cm in size. The patient tested negative for HIV infection. Histopathological examination showed acanthosis, exophytic growth, parakeratosis, and koilocytosis with no signs of malignancy. This patient received a combination of TCA 90% and podophyllin 25% to initially reduce the tumor size, followed by electrocautery to eradicate the remaining lesions. The tumor showed complete clearance. Discussion: There is no definitive evidence that one therapy is superior to completely eliminating warts. Combination therapy of TCA and podophyllin leads to complete wart clearance, followed by electrocautery to destroy smaller warts.
The Sowers of Seeds: A Qualitative Analysis of the Role of Palliative Care Educators in Facilitating Goals-of-Care Conversations and Palliative Care Referrals
Authors: Zupanc Seth N. , Quintiliani Lisa M. , LeClair Amy M. , Paasche-Orlow Michael K. , Volandes Angelo , Penumarthy Akhila , Henault Lori , Itty Jennifer E. , Davis Aretha D. , Lakin Joshua R. 
Published: August 2024

Background Optimal care for seriously ill and older patients often involves advance care planning (ACP), goals-of-care (GOC) conversations, and specialty palliative care consultation, three sometimes overlapping, yet distinct practices. Insufficient staffing and investment in these areas have limited their availability. Objectives We explored the facilitators and barriers to successful implementation of the VIDEO-PCE trial. The intervention aimed to increase patient engagement in ACP, GOC, and by establishing Palliative Care Educators, a new clinical role integrated into existing hospital wards. Design This qualitative interview study employed a semi-structured interview guide tailored to the interviewee’s clinical role. The interviews elicited perceptions of the facilitators and barriers to integration of palliative care educators (PCEs) into existing workflows. We developed deductive codes a priori and inductive codes as we coded interview transcripts. Setting/Subjects Medical/surgical floor clinical colleagues, palliative care team members, and PCEs from both participating sites were interviewed. Results Twenty-four individuals were interviewed (12 clinical staff of medical and surgical wards, seven palliative care team members, and five PCEs). Four themes were identified: (1) The work completed by the PCEs provided a foundation for future palliative care involvement; (2) Constituting the new role in practice required revision and creativity; (3) Communication was important to providing continuity of care; and (4) Establishing trust catalyzed the acceptance of the role. Conclusion The creation and implementation of a new role within existing clinical workflows posed some challenges but were felt to relieve staff from some work burden and allow more patients to engage in ACP and GOC conversations. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04857060.
Safety and oncological effectiveness after desensitization in patients with previous hypersensitivity reactions to chemotherapy
Authors: Villarreal-González Rosalaura V. , Vidal-Gutiérrez Oscar , Martínez-Moyano Javier A. , Madrazo-Morales Marianela , Sáenz-Cantú Kathia S. , Cadenas-García Diana E. , Oyervides-Juárez Victor M. , Noriega-Iriondo María Fernanda , Rodríguez-Niño Patricia 
Published: August 2024

Introduction Taxanes and platinum are first-line treatments in gynecological tumors with high rates of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), leading to discontinuation of treatment. Desensitization involves induction of temporary tolerance to previously sensitized medications. The aims of this study are to describe HSRs to paclitaxel and carboplatin and evaluate the safety and effectiveness of desensitization protocols in gynecological cancer patients. Methods Original, retrospective, descriptive, analytical study, approved by Bioethics and Research Committee, included >18-year-old patients with gynecological tumors experiencing HSRs to first-line chemotherapy. Patients underwent 3-bag-12-step desensitization. Results 174 desensitization (95 paclitaxel, 79 carboplatin) in 33 female patients, mean age 45.5 years (18–71y). Cancer diagnosis: breast 8 (24.2%), ovarian 14 (42.2%), endometrial 2 (6.1%) and cervix 9 (27.2%). HSR occurred in paclitaxel during cycles 1–2 and in carboplatin after 6 cycles. The most frequently seen HSR symptom was cardiovascular with paclitaxel (94.7%), and cutaneous (93.3%) with carboplatin. Three-bags 12-steps desensitization protocol (initial dilution 1:100) in 5.67hrs. All patients reached total dose desensitization: 82% with no reaction, 12% mild, 6% moderate and 0% severe reaction. Mean disease-free interval and progression-free interval in months (m): breast cancer 29 m and 14 m, ovarian 22 m and 9 m, endometrial 40 m and cervical cancer: 67.5 m and 27 m. Twenty-five patients (73.5%) are still alive. Conclusion HSRs to paclitaxel manifest in the first 1–2 cycles and to carboplatin after 6 cycles. Symptoms include cardiovascular, atypical neuromuscular and urticaria. Changing treatment lines impacts prognosis. Our study revealed that ovarian cancer patients undergoing desensitization protocols achieved longer progression-free intervals. All patients successfully reached total dose desensitization. This study provides evidence of the effectiveness and safety of desensitization and promising perspective for continuing first-line treatment with HSRs.
Examining clinical pharmacist interventions and identifying opioid medication-related issues in patients with cancer
Authors: Anwar Amjad , Malik Nirmal , Siddiqui Adeel , Shrestha Sunil , Bhutta Omar Akhlaq , Mazhar Saba , Khan Muhammad Rehan , Usman Hafiz Muhammad 
Published: August 2024

Introduction Opioid medications are crucial for managing pain among patients with cancer. Yet, inappropriate prescribing and medication issues can compromise patient safety and quality of care. Clinical pharmacists play a significant role in optimizing opioid therapy and addressing issues related to opioid medication use. Objectives This study aimed to examine clinical pharmacist interventions and identify opioid medication-related issues in patients with cancer. Method We conducted a retrospective observational study at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center in Lahore, Pakistan, conducting a chart review from 1st July 2021 to 31st December 2021. Results Out of 10,534 opioid medication orders, we documented a total of 974 interventions based on our inclusion criteria. Tramadol and morphine accounted for most of these interventions, comprising 49.27% (n = 475) and 40.04% (n = 386), respectively. Regarding clinical significance, 41.70% (n = 406) were deemed significant, while 37.36% (n = 365) were somewhat significant. The majority of interventions, i.e., 54.05% (n = 521), primarily aimed at optimizing patient outcomes, followed by a secondary aim of improvements in communication, i.e., 25.52% (n = 246). Conclusion This study establishes the evaluation of clinical pharmacist interventions on opioid medication use in patients with cancer, an issue particularly in oncology settings in Pakistan. The findings emphasize the crucial role of clinical pharmacists in addressing issues related to opioid issue medications, thus improving patient safety and optimizing opioid use for patient well-being.
Real-world experience of abemaciclib for adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Drowne Taylor , Armgardt Emily , Svoboda Alison 
Published: August 2024

Objective Hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer is the most common subtype. Abemaciclib, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6, was approved to reduce risk of recurrence in high-risk, HR+, HER2-, early breast cancer based on the monarchE trial. The most common adverse events reported in monarchE were diarrhea, neutropenia, and fatigue. Real-world tolerability data and incidence of adverse events with abemaciclib in the adjuvant setting versus the metastatic setting is lacking. Data Sources This is a retrospective analysis of HR+, HER2- breast cancer patients on abemaciclib from March 2018 to September 2021 at Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center in Chicago, Illinois. Incidence, grade of adverse events, dose reductions, and discontinuations were evaluated in patients taking abemaciclib in the adjuvant setting and the metastatic setting. Data Summary Of the 30 patients included in this analysis, 100% experienced an adverse event of any grade. During treatment, 12.5% treated in the adjuvant setting and 35.7% in the metastatic setting experienced grade ≥3 adverse events. Adverse events leading to discontinuation of abemaciclib occurred in 18.8% of patients in the adjuvant setting and 57.1% in the metastatic setting. Conclusions This data suggests abemaciclib is better tolerated in high-risk, HR+, HER2-, node-positive, early breast cancer treated in the adjuvant setting compared to the metastatic setting. Management of adverse events is crucial to help patients stay on therapy to improve clinical outcomes. Real-world tolerability of abemaciclib in both the adjuvant and metastatic settings is of importance.
Acute Vascular Complications of VA-ECMO in COVID-19 Patients. Does COVID-19 Affect the Outcome?
Authors: Khedr Alhussein M. , Foula Mohammed S. , Alhewy Mohammed Alsagheer , Abdelhafez Abdelaziz Ahmed , Hanbal Ibrahim Hanbal , Ghazala Ehab Abd Elmoneim , Khamis Ahmed Atef , Gado Hassan , Abd-Elgawad Wael Abdo Abdo , El Sayed Abdullah , Ibrahim Awad , Elghoneimy Yasser , Abdelmohsen Abdelhalim A. 
Published: August 2024

Background Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) through the femoral artery and vein can lead to significant vascular complications. We retrospectively studied the acute vascular complications of Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO) in COVID-19 patients compared to non-COVID patients during the period from January 2020 to July 2023. Results Seventy-eight patients underwent VA-ECMO for various indications from January 2020 to July 2023. The studied patients had a mean age of 59.6 ± 6.9 years for non-COVID patients (38 patients), and 62.2 ± 7.6 years for COVID patients (40 patients), with a P = 0.268. In non-COVID patients, The baseline characteristics were similar in both groups. The primary indications for ECMO were cardiac diseases, followed by respiratory failure (78.9% vs 10.5%). Conversely, in COVID patients, respiratory failure due to COVID-19 infection was the main indication (45% vs 40%). The overall incidence of general complications, including cerebrovascular stroke, acute kidney injury, intracardiac thrombi, and wound infection, was comparable in both groups (31.6% vs 45%). The overall incidence of vascular complications in both groups was 33.3%. Ipsilateral acute lower limb ischemia occurred in 5.3% vs 10% of non-COVID and COVID patients, respectively. Thrombosis of the distal perfusion catheter (DPC) occurred in 10.5% vs 15%, respectively. Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic, an increasing number of patients required VA-ECMO due to associated respiratory failure. Patients undergoing VA-ECMO are at high risk of developing various vascular complications. COVID-19 significantly increases the risk of acute limb ischemia and distal perfusion catheter thrombosis in both upper and lower limbs. However, other VA-ECMO-related vascular complications are comparable between COVID-19 and non-COVID patients.