bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy Balance Sheet of a Semi Operational Thermic System
Authors: Honus Stanislav , Sassmanová Veronika , Frantík Jaroslav , Bukowsk Przemyslaw , Juchelková Dagmar 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The article is focused onthe energetical balance of a technical system for the conversion of crushed tyres by pyrolysis. Process temperatures were set in the range from 500 to 650°C. Mass input of the material was 30 kg per hour. The aim of the article is to answer the following questions as regards the individual products: Under which process conditions can the highest quality of the individual products related to energy be reached? How does the thermal efficiency of the system change in reaction to various conditions of the process?
On the basis of the experimental measurements and calculations, apart from other things, it was discovered that the pyrolysis liquid reaches the highest energetic value, i.e. 42.7 MJ.kg-1, out of all the individual products of the pyrolysis process. Generated pyrolysis gas disposes of the highest lower calorific value 37.1 MJ.kg-1 and the pyrolysis coke disposes of the maximum 30.9 MJ kg-1. From the energetic balance, the thermal efficiency of the experimental unit under the stated operational modes ranging from about 52 % to 56 % has been estimated. Individual findings are elaborated on detail in the article.
Modelling of the Bubble Size Distribution in an Aerated Stirred Tank: Theoretical and Numerical Comparison of Different Breakup Models
Authors: Kálal Zbyněk , Jahoda Milan , Fořt Ivan 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The main topic of this study is the mathematical modelling of bubble size distributions in an aerated stirred tank using the population balance method. The air-water system consisted of a fully baffled vessel with a diameter of 0.29 m, which was equipped with a six-bladed Rushton turbine. The secondary phase was introduced through a ring sparger situated under the impeller. Calculations were performed with the CFD software CFX 14.5. The turbulent quantities were predicted using the standard k-ε turbulence model. Coalescence and breakup of bubbles were modelled using the MUSIG method with 24 bubble size groups. For the bubble size distribution modelling, the breakup model by Luo and Svendsen (1996) typically has been used in the past. However, this breakup model was thoroughly reviewed and its practical applicability was questioned. Therefore, three different breakup models by Martínez-Bazán et al. (1999a, b), Lehr et al. (2002) and Alopaeus et al. (2002) were implemented in the CFD solver and applied to the system. The resulting Sauter mean diameters and local bubble size distributions were compared with experimental data.
Numerical Analysis Of Mixing Under Low And High Frequency Pulsations At Serpentine Micromixers
Authors: Malecha Ziemowit M. , Malecha Karol 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The numerical investigation of the mixing process in complex geometry micromixers, as a function of various inlet conditions and various micromixer vibrations, was performed. The examined devices were two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) types of serpentine micromixers with two inlets. Entering fluids were perturbed with a wide range of the frequency (0 - 50 Hz) of pulsations. Additionally, mixing fluids also entered in the same or opposite phase of pulsations. The performed numerical calculations were 3D to capture the proximity of all the walls, which has a substantial influence on microchannel flow. The geometry of the 3D type serpentine micromixer corresponded to the physically existing device, characterised by excellent mixing properties but also a challenging production process (Malecha et al., 2009). It was shown that low-frequency perturbations could improve the average mixing efficiency of the 2D micromixer by only about 2% and additionally led to a disadvantageously non-uniform mixture quality in time. It was also shown that high-frequency mixing could level these fluctuations and more significantly improve the mixing quality. In the second part of the paper a faster and simplified method of evaluation of mixing quality was introduced. This method was based on calculating the length of the contact interface between mixing fluids. It was used to evaluate the 2D type serpentine micromixer performance under various types of vibrations and under a wide range of vibration frequencies.
Modifications of Range-Doppler Algorithm for Compensation of SAR Platform Motion Instabilities
Authors: Gorovyi Ievgen M. , Bezvesilniy Oleksandr O. , Vavriv Dmytro M. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Two modifications of the range-Doppler algorithm (RDA) have been proposed to solve problems of SAR platform motion instabilities. First, the multi-look processing based on the RDA with an extended Doppler bandwidth has been introduced for correction of radiometric errors. Second, the RDA has been modified to perform SAR image formation on short-time acquisition intervals to use it in a recently-developed local-quadratic map-drift autofocus (LQMDA) method. The performance of the methods is illustrated with experimental data obtained by airborne SAR systems.
Square Root Raised Cosine Fractionally Delaying Nyquist Filter - Design and Performance Evaluation
Authors: Hermanowicz Ewa , Rojewski Mirosław 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In this paper we propose a discrete-time FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filter which is meant to be applied as a square root Nyquist filter and fractional delay filter simultaneously. The filter enables to substitute for a cascade of square root raised cosine (SRRC) Nyquist filter and fractional delay filter in one device/algorithm. The aim is to compensate for transmission delay in digital communication system. Performance of the filter in the role of a matched filter is evaluated using a newly defined energetic ISI (Intersymbol Interference) measure and ability of the filter to completely eliminate the ISI involved by fractional delay of symbol shaping filter in transmitter or by channel delay. Considerations and results of the contribution are documented by suitable eye-diagrams and the SRRC filter responses.
Statement Networks to Condition Monitoring of the Sealless Pump
Authors: Rzydzik Sebastian , Amarowicz Marcin , Psiuk Krzysztof , Rogala Tomasz 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
This paper shows an application of multi-layer statement networks to condition monitoring of the sealless magnetic drive pump. In this case, statement networks are computed based on the use of Bayesian probabilities. Moreover, the tool called REx which allows implementing such networks is described. An example of created four-layer network as well as final results of the performed tests shows also.
Electronic and Photonic Systems Wilga 2014
Authors: Romaniuk Ryszard S. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Symposium Wilga 2014, in its 34th edition, was organized during the last week of May. Symposium is organized under the auspices of SPIE, IEEE, Photonics Society of Poland, WEiTI PW, and PKOpto SEP. The event gathered around 350 persons, mainly young researchers from the whole country. There were presented around 250 speeches and communications. The main book of Symposium Proceedings is Proc. SPIE vol.9290 which contains around 130 papers. A few tens of papers were also published in technical journals. The leading topics of Wilga 2014 were gathered in key sessions: nano-materials for photonics and electronics, astronomy and space technology, biomedicine, computational intelligence, visualization and multimedia, and large research experiments. The paper presents a digest of some topical tracks, and chosen work results presented during WILGA 2014 Symposium.
The 123 theorem of Probability Theory and Copositive Matrices
Authors: Kovačec Alexander , Moreira Miguel M. R. , Martins David P. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Alon and Yuster give for independent identically distributed real or vector valued random variablesX, Y combinatorially proved estimates of the form Prob(∥X − Y∥ ≤ b) ≤ c Prob(∥X − Y∥ ≤ a). We derivethese using copositive matrices instead. By the same method we also give estimates for the real valued case,involving X + Y and X − Y, due to Siegmund-Schultze and von Weizsäcker as generalized by Dong, Li andLi. Furthermore, we formulate a version of the above inequalities as an integral inequality for monotonefunctions.
Plasmon enhanced scattering and fluorescence in amorphous matrix
Authors: Amjad Raja J. , Sahar Md. Rahim , Shaukat S. F. , Mahmood Hassan , Sattar Abdul , Dousti M. R. , Nawaz Fakhra 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
A melt-quench method is used to synthesize a series of tellurite glasses containing fixed concentration of Er2O3, with and without silver nanoparticles. The existence of metallic nanoparticles (average diameter ∼24–36 nm) inside the glass is confirmed by transmission electron microscope imaging. From UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, a surface plasmon resonance band is detected in the visible region (∼484 nm). Furthermore, the intensity of both fluorescence and Raman scattering is found to be enhanced by embedding silver nanoparticles inside the glass matrix. These enhancements are attributed to the surface plasmon resonance effect in which direct plasmon excitation enhances the local field at the surface of the nanostructures. Enhanced fluorescence influenced by silver nanoparticles may contribute towards the development of optical displays, laser and optical memory devices whereas amplification of the Raman signal is promising for Raman amplifiers.
800°C isothermal section of the Co–Cr–Mo–Si quaternary system
Authors: Jiang Songlin , Yin Fucheng , Zhang Minghua , Zhao Manxiu , Li Zhi 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The 800°C isothermal section of the Co–Cr–Mo–Si quaternary system with the Co content fixed at 70 at.% and different contents of Cr, Mo and Si was determined by means of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Twelve different phase regions could be identified; one of them being a wide (Co) + Co3Mo2Si phase field, but only one four-phase region consisting of (Co) + Co3Mo +Co7Mo6 + Co3Mo2Si was experimentally confirmed. The measured solubility of Si in the Co3Mo phase is rather limited but could reach up to 15.1 at.% in Co7Mo6. The solubility of Cr in Co3Mo and Co7Mo6 was measured to be as high as 13.4 and 23.3 at.%, respectively, and the maximum solubility of Cr in (Co), αCo2Si and Co3Mo2Si could reach 26.9, 5.6 and 12.5 at.%, respectively.
Intermetallic phase stabilized Al/Pb metallic emulsion
Authors: Budai István 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In the present paper the stabilization of Al–Pb metallic emulsion was studied. The pure liquid Pb is dispersed in liquid Al-rich Al–Sr alloy which contains dispersed Al4Sr precipitates. The Sr is dissolved in the Al-rich liquid and it is redistributed into the Pb phase. By the emulsification method the new Pb3Sr phase droplets are homogeneously dispersed in the Al-rich matrix. The Al–Pb metallic emulsion is cooled spontaneously.
Grüber's ligament as a useful landmark for the abducens nerve in the transnasal approach
Authors: Tomio Ryosuke , Toda Masahiro , Sutiono Agung Budi , Horiguchi Takashi , Aiso Sadakazu , Yoshida Kazunari 
Published: November 2014

OBJECT
Extended endoscopic transnasal surgeries for skull base lesions have recently been performed. Some expert surgeons have attempted to remove tumors such as chordomas, meningiomas, and pituitary adenomas in the clival region using the transnasal approach and have reported abducens nerve injury as a common complication. There have been many microsurgical anatomical studies of the abducens nerve, but none of these studies has described an anatomical landmark of the abducens nerve in the transnasal approach. In this study the authors used cadaver dissections to describe Grüber's ligament as the most reliable landmark of the abducens nerve in the transnasal transclival view.

METHODS
The petroclival segment of the abducens nerve was dissected in the interdural space—which is also called Dorello's canal, the petroclival venous gulf, or the sphenopetroclival venous confluence—using the transnasal approach in 20 specimens obtained from 10 adult cadaveric heads.

RESULTS
The petroclival segment of the abducens nerve clearly crossed and attached to Grüber's ligament in the interdural space, as noted in the transnasal view. The average length of the dural porus to the intersection on the abducens nerve was 5.2 ± 1.0 mm. The length of the posterior clinoid process (PCP) to the intersection on Grüber's ligament was 6.4 ± 2.6 mm. The average width of Grüber's ligament at the midsection was 1.6 ± 0.5 mm.

CONCLUSIONS
Grüber's ligament is considered a useful landmark, and it is visible in most adults. Thus, surgeons can find the abducens nerve safely by visualizing inferolaterally along Grüber's ligament from the PCP.
Influence of depression symptoms on patient expectations and clinical outcomes in the surgical management of spinal stenosis
Authors: Urban-Baeza Alejandro , Zárate-Kalfópulos Barón , Romero-Vargas Samuel , Obil-Chavarría Claudia , Brenes-Rojas Luis , Reyes-Sánchez Alejandro 
Published: November 2014

OBJECT
This prospective cohort study was designed to determine the influence of depressive symptoms on patient expectations and the clinical outcomes of the surgical management of lumbar spinal stenosis.

METHODS
Patients with an age > 45 years, a diagnosis of lumbar spinal stenosis at one level, and an indication for decompressive surgery were included in this study. Data for all of the following parameters were recorded: age, sex, highest level of education, and employment status. Depression symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory), disability (Oswestry Disability Index), and back and leg pain (visual analog scale) were assessed before surgery and at 12 months thereafter. The reasons for surgery and patient expectations (North American Spine Society lumbar spine questionnaire) were noted before surgery. The global effectiveness of surgery (Likert scale) was assessed at the 1-year follow-up.

RESULTS
Fifty-eight patients were divided into two groups based on the presence (Group 1) or absence (Group 2) of depressive symptoms preoperatively; each group comprised 29 patients. Demographic data were similar in both groups before surgery. The main reason to undergo surgery was “fear of a worse situation” in 34% of the patients in Group 1 and “to reduce pain” in 24% of the patients in Group 2. The most prevalent expectation was to improve my social life and my mental health in both groups. Surgery had a relieving effect on the depressive symptoms in 14 patients (48%). Thus, in the postoperative period, the number of patients who were free of depressive symptoms was 43 compared with the 15 who were depressed (p = 0.001). The 15 patients with persistent depression symptoms after surgery had a worse clinical outcome compared with the 43 patients free of depression symptoms at the 1-year follow-up in terms of severe back pain (20% vs 0%, respectively), severe leg pain (40% vs 2.3%, respectively), and severe disability (53% vs 9.3%, respectively). Only 33% of patients with persistent depression symptoms after surgery chose the option “surgery helped a lot” compared with 76% of patients without depression symptoms. Moreover, in terms of expectations regarding improvement in back pain, leg pain, walking capacity, independence, physical duties, and social activities, fewer patients were “completely satisfied” in the group with persistent depression symptoms after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS
Surgery for spinal stenosis had a relieving effect on preoperative depression symptoms at the 1-year follow-up. The persistence of depressive symptoms after surgery correlated with a worse clinical outcome and a higher rate of unmet expectations. Screening measures to detect and treat depression symptoms in the perioperative period could lead to better clinical results and increased patient satisfaction.
Infratentorial complications following preresection CSF diversion in children with posterior fossa tumors
Authors: El-Gaidi Mohamed Ali , El-Nasr Ashraf Hesham Abou , Eissa Ehab Mohamed 
Published: November 2014

OBJECT
This report presents the incidence, causes, and morbidity and mortality of infratentorial complications following CSF diversion before resection in children with posterior fossa tumors.

METHODS
The medical records of 437 children admitted to Abo El-Reesh Pediatric University Hospital with a diagnosis of posterior fossa tumor between 2005 and 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Seven children developed neurological deterioration following CSF diversion due to infratentorial complications. Computed tomography scans revealed intratumoral hemorrhage (ITH) in 5 cases, while upward transtentorial herniation (UTH), as evidenced by obliteration of the quadrigeminal and ambient cisterns, was diagnosed in 2 cases.

RESULTS
Hydrocephalus was noted in 381 patients, and 301 patients underwent CSF diversion before resection. A ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt was used in 214 patients, and 6 children (2.8% of shunted cases) deteriorated neurologically (4 due to ITH and 2 due to UTH). Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) was performed in 87 patients, 1 of whom developed ITH (1.1% of the patients undergoing ETV). Six patients deteriorated within 8 hours (85.7%), whereas 1 patient, the only survivor, deteriorated after 24 hours. The incidence of infratentorial complications between VP shunts and ETVs was not found to be significantly different (p = 0.659). There was a higher risk of such complications in large posterior fossa tumors (diameter ≥ 4 cm) extending close to the tentorial incisura, especially in patients with severe hydrocephalus and significant peritumoral edema.

CONCLUSIONS
Infratentorial complications (ITH and UTH) in children with posterior fossa tumors are not uncommon (2.3%) after preresection CSF diversion (VP shunt or ETV) and are associated with a very poor prognosis in most cases, even with surgical intervention.
A Probabilistic Model to Investigate the Properties of Prognostic Tools for Falls
Authors: Palmerini L. , Chiari L. , Palumbo P. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryBackground: Falls are a prevalent and burdensome problem in the elderly. Tools for the assessment of fall risk are fundamental for fall prevention. Clinical studies for the development and evaluation of prognostic tools for falls show high heterogeneity in the settings and in the reported results. Newly developed tools are susceptible to over- optimism.Objectives: This study proposes a probabilistic model to address critical issues about fall prediction through the analysis of the properties of an ideal prognostic tool for falls.Methods: The model assumes that falls occur within a population according to the Greenwood and Yule scheme for accident-proneness. Parameters for the fall rate distribution are estimated from counts of falls of four different epidemiological studies.Results: We obtained analytic formulas and quantitative estimates for the predictive and discriminative properties of the ideal prognostic tool. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) ranges between about 0.80 and 0.89 when prediction on any fall is made within a follow-up of one year. Predicting on multiple falls results in higher AUC.Conclusions: The discriminative ability of current validated prognostic tools for falls is sensibly lower than what the proposed ideal perfect tool achieves. A sensitivity analysis of the predictive and discriminative properties of the tool with respect to study settings and fall rate distribution identifies major factors that can account for the high heterogeneity of results observed in the literature.
From Adverse Drug Event Detection to Prevention
Authors: McNair P. , Kilintzis V. , Skovhus Andersen K. , Niès J. , Sarfati J.-C. , Ammenwerth E. , Chazard E. , Jensen S. , Beuscart R. , Maglaveras N. , Koutkias V. G. 
Published: November 2014

Summary
Background: Errors related to medication seriously affect patient safety and the quality of healthcare. It has been widely argued that various types of such errors may be prevented by introducing Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSSs) at the point of care.
Objectives: Although significant research has been conducted in the field, still medication safety is a crucial issue, while few research outcomes are mature enough to be considered for use in actual clinical settings. In this paper, we present a clinical decision support framework targeting medication safety with major focus on adverse drug event (ADE) prevention.
Methods: The novelty of the framework lies in its design that approaches the problem holistically, i.e., starting from knowledge discovery to provide reliable numbers about ADEs per hospital or medical unit to describe their consequences and probable causes, and next employing the acquired knowledge for decision support services development and deployment. Major design features of the frame-work’s services are: a) their adaptation to the context of care (i.e. patient characteristics, place of care, and significance of ADEs), and b) their straightforward integration in the healthcare information technologies (IT) infrastructure thanks to the adoption of a service-oriented architecture (SOA) and relevant standards.
Results: Our results illustrate the successful interoperability of the framework with two commercially available IT products, i.e., a Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) and an Electronic Health Record (EHR) system, respectively, along with a Web prototype that is independent of existing health-care IT products. The conducted clinical validation with domain experts and test cases illustrates that the impact of the framework is expected to be major, with respect to patient safety, and towards introducing the CDSS functionality in practical use.
Conclusions: This study illustrates an important potential for the applicability of the presented framework in delivering contextualized decision support services at the point of care and for making a substantial contribution towards ADE prevention. None-theless, further research is required in order to quantitatively and thoroughly assess its impact in medication safety.
Les mots et les pouvoirs
Authors: Bertho Alain 
Published: November 2014

Un itinéraire d’engagement et de recherche qui a traversé les trente dernières années ne laisse indemnes ni les formes d’engagement ni la conception de la recherche en sciences sociales. Le changement d’époque que nous avons vécu a marqué la fin des formes modernes de la politique, l’épuisement des dispositifs de représentation et de médiation. Les sciences sociales qui sont nées dans cet environnement peuvent-elles survivre à ce bouleversement sans se transformer ? L’auteur qui a abordé les années 1980 dans le marxisme et l’engagement partisan fait aujourd’hui le choix d’une anthropologie politique impliquée et d’une éthique de la responsabilité publique du savant.
Logique militante et logique de la recherche
Authors: Terray Emmanuel 
Published: November 2014

S’intéressant à l’Afrique en voie de décolonisation, Emmanuel Terray choisit une posture de recherche qui lui confère une autonomie importante. Il distingue cependant soigneusement la logique de la recherche, qui implique de parler avec tout le monde, de celle de la politique, qui s’inscrit dans les catégories de Carl Schmitt : qui sont nos amis, qui sont nos ennemis ?