bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of lipo-prostaglandin E1 on wound bed microcirculation
Authors: Hasegawa H. , Ichioka S. 
Published: July 2015

Objective: Lipo-prostaglandin E1 (lipo-PGE1) is a well-known potent vasodilator that increases peripheral blood flow. However, the effects of this agent on wound bed microcirculation still remain unclear. The present study aims to improve the experimental model which our group developed to visualise wound bed microcirculation and to evaluate acute stimulation by lipo-PGE1. Method: The superficial stratum of the Wistar rat's ear skin was microsurgically excised preserving the subdermal vascular plexus. The preserved vessels, the wound bed microcirculation, were visualised under an intravital microscope-video-computer system. Animals were divided into three groups, a control group in which animals received vehicle control, a medium-dose group (6μg/2ml/kg lipo-PGE1) and a high-dose group (10μg/2ml/kg lipo-PGE1). The blood velocity and diameter of individual venules were measured from the recorded microcirculatory images, and the blood flow of the venule in the wound bed was evaluated. Results: A significant increase in the wound bed blood flow was seen 10 minutes after lipo-PGE1 injection (p<0.05). This was approximately fourfold the baseline values. The increase was greatest in the medium-dose group. Extravasation and accumulation of lipo-PGE1 in the wound bed was observed. Conclusion: Lipo-PGE1 effectively increased wound bed microcirculation blood flow at the optimal dose.
Positioning bedridden patients to reduce interface pressures over the sacrum and great trochanter
Authors: Yoshikawa Y. , Maeshige N. , Sugimoto M. , Uemura M. , Noguchi M. , Terashi H. 
Published: July 2015

Objective: In this study, we evaluated the effect of hip-joint rotation on the interface pressure over the sacrum and greater trochanter with a new protocol for positioning of bedridden elderly patients. Method: The interface pressure values over the sacrum and greater trochanter in bedridden patients were evaluated. These were collected in the supine position, 90° lateral position, and 30° and 40° laterally inclined positions with external rotation or neutral positioning of the hip joint. Each interface pressure was assessed with a device measuring pressure distribution, after which, the peak pressure index (PPI) was calculated. Results: In the 17 patients examined, the PPI over the sacrum in the supine position was significantly greater than that in other positions. In the 30° and 40° laterally inclined positions, the PPIs over the greater trochanter were significantly lower in the neutral position of the hip joint compared with those in the external rotation position. Conclusion: Our findings revealed the effects of hip-joint rotation on the interface pressure for the greater trochanter, possibly due to the increased distance between the greater trochanter and the sacrum caused by neutral position of the hip joint. The results demonstrate that it is to best place the hip joint in a neutral position when the legs are in contact with the bed in order to distribute the pressure over the greater trochanter in the 30° and 40° laterally inclined positions. These results can be applied to the clinical setting to improve patient positioning and decrease pressure ulcers.
Hydrogel-impregnated dressings for graft fixation: a case series
Authors: Choi J-S. , Lee J-H. , Kim S-M. , Kim Y-J. , Choi J-Y. , Jun Y-J. 
Published: July 2015

Objective: Infection is the second most common cause of graft loss after skin grafting. Cutimed Sorbact is a range of dressings coated with a hydrophobic fatty acid that irreversibly binds to the bacterial surface and mechanically removes bacteria from the wound. The dressing is a hydrogel-impregnated material, which prevents wounds from drying. Here, we report on cases in which we used the gel instead of the widely used petrolatum gauze or paraffin gauze in a tie-over dressing for the fixation of grafted skin. Method: Patients treated for skin grafting between March 2013 and July 2013 were treated with the hydrogel-impregnated dressings and a tie over dressing. The wounds were opened five days after treatment. Results: In total seven patients were treated with an age range of 23–86 years old. No infections were seen and the method was effective regardless of wound size, the thickness of the skin harvested and condition of the defect. Conclusion: Using this hydrogel-impregnated dressings, provide antibacterial and moisturising effects simultaneously, which a petrolatum or paraffin gauze cannot provide.
Cephalus, the Myth of Er, and Remaining Virtuous in Unvirtuous Times
Authors: DiRado Paul Joseph 
Published: July 2015

Through a reading of the Myth of Er and Socrates' conversation with Cephalus, I will argue that merely conventional virtue is highly unstable and unreliable. Virtue acquired by convention proves foundationless outside the confines of the political regime that establishes those conventions, and a tendency toward an unreflective moral complacency on the part of the conventionally virtuous leaves them in particular danger of committing unjust actions. Socrates recommends the study of philosophy because it can ground conventionally acquired virtue and, even more importantly, because it is capable of shaking the moral complacency that afflicts the conventionally virtuous.
Keywords: Republic, conventional virtue, Cephalus, Myth of Er, Ancient Political philosophy, relation between convention and philosophy
Mediatização da corrupção política em Portugal: formas, processos e impactos
Authors: Ferreira Carlos Filipe Preces 
Published: July 2015

Esta comunicação constata a insuficiência comunicacional do sistema formalde justiça e propõe uma nova estratégia de comunicação que tenha em conta o interesse do Estado na realização de uma justiça isenta e independente, o interessedo arguido em não ver publicamente revelados factos que podem não vir a serprovados e o interesse dos media em informar e dos cidadãos em serem informados. Essa nova estratégia consistiria numa “Plataforma Comum de Comunicação”, com base na qual a comunicação seria veiculada oficialmente e por acordo entre os diferentes sujeitos processuais, envolvendo a responsabilização de todos, para todos e com todos.
Media e padrões da corrupção política: os casos freeport e face oculta
Authors: Cunha Isabel Ferin 
Published: July 2015

Esta comunicação analisa o papel desempenhado pelos media na denúnciada corrupção política, num quadro de profundas mudanças nas sociedadeseuropeias, a partir de 2008, particularmente em Portugal. Neste processo acorrupção política emerge como fenómeno nacional dentro de padrões globalizados (Johnston: 2005), monitorizada por órgãos internacionais de prevenção, bem como por instituições nacionais. Se, por um lado, o jornalismo tem investigado e denunciado procedimentos ilícitos de elites e grupos de interesses, por outro lado, o sistema dos media através de práticas jornalísticas têm normalizado, pela repetição e saturação da visualização, situações e fenómenos excecionais, conferindo às denúncias características de entretenimento popular (Streeck: 2013). Com base nestes enquadramentos teóricos objetivamos caracterizar a corrupção política em Portugal a partir da análise dos canais de televisão de sinal e acesso aberto, RTP1 (canal público), SIC e TVI (canais privados). Para a análise do conteúdo manifesto deste corpus recorremos a um quadro teórico advindo da teoria da corrupção (Johnston: 2005; Economakis, Rizopoulos & Sergakis: 2010). Os resultados apontam para a prevalência das rotinas na construção da notícia e para a personalização da política nas principais figuras da democracia.
Serão os blogs uma alternativa aos media na discussão pública de temas como a corrupção politica?
Authors: Serrano Estrela , Calado Vanda 
Published: July 2015

O artigo analisa a contribuição de um conjunto de blogs independentes na cobertura e no debate público de quatro casos de corrupção com grande impacto em Portugal em 2009 e 2010. Pretende‑se apurar se a agenda dos blogs é influenciada pela agenda dos media mainstream na abordagem desses casos e se os blogs seguiram ou não os enquadramentos e as interpretações desses meios (McCombs: 2004). Em particular, procura‑se evidência empírica sobre a capacidade dos blogs seleccionados de se constituírem como alternativa na interpretação e no enquadramento desses casos. Os dados apurados mostram que o agendamento dos casos em análise nos blogs foi fortemente influenciado pelas agendas da televisão e da imprensa. O artigo conclui que os blogs não se constituíram como um espaço alternativo de discussão do fenómeno da corrupção, limitando‑se em grande parte a comentar notícias e opiniões veiculados pelos media aos quais se ligam através de links, concordando ou discordando dos seus enquadramentos.
Regalias e proveitos dos políticos como instigadores da perceção do escândalo
Authors: Paixão Bruno 
Published: July 2015

Os benefícios obtidos pelos políticos e ex‑políticos, sejam financeiros ou de outraordem, fazem deles alvos preferenciais dos media. Estes são atraídos por uma boahistória sobre os poderosos, posto cativarem também a atenção do público. Assim,políticos e ex‑políticos estão mais expostos à captação dos holofotes mediáticos emais propensos ao escândalo político. Os dados extraídos da análise de imprensareferente ao período democrático revelam que uma larga percentagem de escândalos políticos está relacionada com pretensas prevaricações de ordem financeira.
Maternal and fetal outcomes after uterine fundal pressure in spontaneous and assisted vaginal deliveries
Authors: Furrer Romana , Schäffer Leonhard , Kimmich Nina , Zimmermann Roland , Haslinger Christian 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAim:This study aimed to evaluate maternal and fetal outcomes after uterine fundal pressure (UFP) in spontaneous and assisted vaginal deliveries.Methods:In a retrospective cohort study, 9743 singleton term deliveries with cephalic presentation were analyzed from 2004 to 2013. Spontaneous and assisted vaginal deliveries were analyzed separately with and without the application of UFP. Odds ratios were adjusted in a multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results:Prevalence of UFP was 8.9% in spontaneous and 12.1% in assisted vaginal deliveries. UFP was associated with a higher incidence of shoulder dystocia in both spontaneous (adjusted odds ratio [adj. OR] 2.44, confidence interval [CI] 95% 1.23–4.84) and assisted vaginal deliveries (adj. OR 6.88 CI 95% 3.50–13.53). Fetal acidosis (arterial umbilical pH<7.2) was seen more often after the application of UFP in spontaneous vaginal deliveries (adj. OR 3.18, CI 95% 2.64–3.82) and assisted vaginal deliveries (adj. OR 1.59 CI 95% 1.17–2.16). The incidence of 5′-Apgar<7 (adj. OR 2.19 CI 95% 1.04–4.6) and 10′-Apgar<7 (adj. OR 3.04 CI 95% 1.17–7.88) was also increased after the application of UFP in spontaneous deliveries. A higher incidence of anal sphincter tears (AST) (adj. OR 46.25 CI 95% 11.78–181.6) in the UFP group of spontaneous deliveries was observed.Conclusions:UFP is associated with increased occurrence of shoulder dystocia and fetal acidosis. In spontaneous deliveries, the risk for lower Apgar scores after 5 and 10 min is increased, as well as the risk for AST.
Policy Space and Policy Autonomy under the WTO: A Comparison of Post-Crisis Industrial Policies in Brazil and the US
Authors: Bogliolo Piancastelli Siqueira Ada , Cadaval Martins Julia 
Published: July 2015

AbstractLegal scholars engaged with the Law and Development literature usually propose two subtypes of scholarship. One type looks at a given law and tries to fix it, assuming that there is a positive relationship between law and socio-economic change. The second type of scholarship challenges the assumptions about the nature of the relationship between law and socio-economic change. This paper is situated in the second group. By analyzing domestic and international legal regimes and how they relate to domestic and international economic policy, this article addresses the disparities between the relative capacities of countries in different developmental trajectories to innovate in terms of industrial policies. This paper offers a distinction between the concepts of policy space and policy autonomy within the World Trade Organizations’ legal framework that reflects how countries with different regulatory traditions interact with the world trade regime. Focusing on the industrial policies implemented by the United States and Brazil in the period after the 2007–2009 economic crisis, it compares the room for policy space and policy autonomy under the WTO regime.
A boundary integral Poisson-Boltzmann
solvers package for solvated bimolecular
simulations
Authors: Geng Weihua 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Numerically solving the Poisson-Boltzmann equation is a challenging task due to the existence
of the dielectric interface, singular partial charges representing the biomolecule, discontinuity of the electrostatic
field, infinite simulation domains, etc. Boundary integral formulation of the Poisson-Boltzmann
equation can circumvent these numerical challenges and meanwhile conveniently use the fast numerical
algorithms and the latest high performance computers to achieve combined improvement on both efficiency
and accuracy. In the past a few years, we developed several boundary integral Poisson-Boltzmann solvers
in pursuing accuracy, efficiency, and the combination of both. In this paper, we summarize the features and
functions of these solvers, and give instructions and references for potential users. Meanwhile, we quantitatively
report the solvation free energy computation of these boundary integral PB solvers benchmarked with
Matched Interface Boundary Poisson-Boltzmann solver (MIBPB), a current 2nd order accurate finite difference
Poisson-Boltzmann solver.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the brain: a review of physical principles and technical methods
Authors: Buonocore Michael H. , Maddock Richard J. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMagnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides unique information about the neurobiological substrates of brain function in health and disease. However, many of the physical principles underlying MRS are distinct from those underlying magnetic resonance imaging, and they may not be widely understood by neuroscientists new to this methodology. This review describes these physical principles and many of the technical methods in current use for MRS experiments. A better understanding these principles and methods may help investigators select pulse sequences and quantification methods best suited to the aims of their research program and avoid pitfalls that can hamper new investigators in this field.
Estrogenic/antiestrogenic activity of selected selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Authors: Pop Anca , Lupu Diana Ioana , Cherfan Julien , Kiss Bela , Loghin Felicia 
Published: July 2015

Backround & Aims: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are one of the most prescribed classes of psychotropics. Even though the SSRI class consists of 6 molecules (citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine and sertraline), only fluoxetine was intensively studied for endocrine disruptive effects, while the other SSRIs received less attention. This study was designed to evaluate the estrogenic/antiestrogenic effect of fluoxetine, sertraline and paroxetine.Materials and methods: The in vitro (anti)estrogenic activity was assessed using a firefly luciferase reporter construct in the T47D-KBluc breast cancer cell line. These cells express nuclear estrogen receptors that can activate the transcription of the luciferase reporter gene upon binding of estrogen receptor agonists. Results: All three compounds were found to interact with the estrogen receptor. Fluoxetine had dual properties, weak estrogenic at lower concentrations and antiestrogenic effect at higher concentrations. Sertraline shared the same properties with fluoxetine, but also increased the estradiol-mediated transcriptional activity. Paroxetine presented only one type of effect, the ability to increase the estradiol-mediated transcriptional activity. Conclusions: Overall, our results indicate a possible interaction of SSRIs with the estrogen receptor. As SSRIs are being used by all categories of population, including pregnant women or children, establishing whether they can affect the endocrine mediated mechanisms should be a priority.
Next generation sequencing applications for breast cancer research
Authors: Cojocneanu Petric Roxana , Pop Laura-Ancuta , Jurj Ancuta , Raduly Lajos , Dumitrascu Dan , Dragos Nicolae , Berindan Neagoe Ioana 
Published: July 2015

For some time, cancer has not been thought of as a disease, but as a multifaceted, heterogeneous complex of genotypic and phenotypic manifestations leading to tumorigenesis. Due to recent technological progress, the outcome of cancer patients can be greatly improved by introducing in clinical practice the advantages brought about by the development of next generation sequencing techniques. Biomedical suppliers have come up with various applications which medical researchers can use to characterize a patient’s disease from molecular and genetic point of view in order to provide caregivers with rapid and relevant information to guide them in choosing the most appropriate course of treatment, with maximum efficiency and minimal side effects. Breast cancer, whose incidence has risen dramatically, is a good candidate for these novel diagnosis and therapeutic approaches, particularly when referring to specific sequencing panels which are designed to detect germline or somatic mutations in genes that are involved in breast cancer tumorigenesis and progression. Benchtop next generation sequencing machines are becoming a more common presence in the clinical setting, empowering physicians to better treat their patients, by offering early diagnosis alternatives, targeted remedies, and bringing medicine a step closer to achieving its ultimate goal, personalized therapy.
Serum biomarkers for Irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Chira Alexandra , Dumitrascu Dan Lucian 
Published: July 2015

Background and aim. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most frequent and common functional gastrointestinal diseases. For its diagnosis, clinical criteria are still used. Our objective was to asses if there are specific serum biomarkers for the diagnosis of IBS, and as secondary purpose we aimed to analyze the specificity and sensitivity – where determined – for the proposed biomarkers.Methods. We performed a review in order to find potential serum biomarkers useful for the diagnosis of IBS. MEDLINE and Cochrane databases were searched in May 2015. Inclusion criteria were: original studies that assessed serological markers in IBS patients, markers potentially useful for diagnosing IBS or in differentiating subtypes of IBS. Exclusion criteria were biomarkers assessed in IBS patients not for the diagnosis of IBS, but used in order to exclude other conditions or diseases in these patients; or markers that were not addressed to IBS; or papers that assessed only fecal biomarkers, or histological or surrogate - indirect biomarkers.Results. From the 268 papers retrieved by our initial search, using a modified strategy we identified 58 papers. Out of the 58 papers retrieved by the search, six papers were selected and other nine studies were eventually analyzed. Of the results of the computerized search, a number of papers were not included for various reasons: some were not related to the subject (26), others were not appropriate for the subject (19) because they addressed inflammatory bowel disorders, in others fecal markers were the subject of the study, six were reviews, others were impossible to gain access to (1). Twelve out of the 14 studies included are case-control studies, IBS diagnosis being established in all of the selected results based on the Rome criteria. A higher sensitivity of 81% was found using a combination of markers but with lower specificity, while one study that assessed also a combination of markers, found a higher specificity but sensitivity was only 50 %; none reached the characteristics for an ideal biomarker.Conclusions. For the moment, just one serum biomarker with a high specificity and sensitivity useful in the diagnosis of IBS was identified. We consider that in the future a combination of several biomarkers could better identify IBS than a single biomarker. Therefore, clinical criteria are still to be used for the diagnosis of IBS in attendance for newer research or validation of results.
Thio-oxynitride phosphate glass electrolytes prepared by mechanical milling
Authors: Mascaraque Nerea , Fierro José Luis G. , Muñoz Francisco , Durán Alicia , Ito Yusuke , Hibi Yoshiaki , Harada Ryo , Kato Atsutaka , Hayashi Akitoshi , Tatsumisago Masahiro 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
ENTEROPARÁSITOS EN PERROS (Canis familiaris) Y GATOS (Felis catus) DE LA PROVINCIA DE PUNO
Authors: VILCA DE DIAZ FELICIANA , MELO ANCCASI MAXIMO 
Published: July 2015

<h4 class="text-primary">Resumen</h4><p style="text-align: justify;">Las mascotas que conviven con el hombre, el perro y el gato ocupan un lugar muy especial, como amigos fieles, especialmente de los niños; sin embargo esta relación se interrumpe por la presencia de parásitos ciclozoonóticos, ocasionando múltiples enfermedades, incluso en algunos casos podrían ocasionar la muerte, con repercusiones socioeconómicas de impacto. Por ello la necesidad de realizar esta investigación para determinar la prevalencia de entero parásitos en estas especies, evaluándose 150 muestras fecales de perros de los distritos de Puno y Tiquillaca y 96 de gatos del distrito de Puno, en el Laboratorio de Parasitología de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad Nacional Del Altiplano Puno, considerando la variable edad, mediante los métodos: directo simple y concentración por flotación en solución de sulfato de zinc al 33.3 %, para identificar la presencia de protozoarios y helmintos entéricos. Obteniéndose los siguientes resultados: la prevalencia de entero parásitos en perros fue de 78.6%, reportándose protozoos como: <em>Isospora spp </em>14%, <em>Giardia canis</em> 3.3% y <em>Sarcocystis spp</em> 8.6%; según la edad 29.3 % en cachorros y 20 % en adultos. Las prevalencias para helmintos: <em>Toxocara canis</em> 49.3%, <em>Toxascaris leonin</em>a 12%, <em>Taenia s</em>pp 15.3% y <em>Trichuris vulpis</em> 7.3%, por edad 74.6% en jóvenes y 32% en adultos. La prevalencia en gatos fue de 61.46 % reportándose protozoarios como <em>Isospora felis</em> 19.79%, <em>Isospora rivolta</em> 6.25% y <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> 2.08%; con 29.17% y 18.75% para animales jóvenes y adultos; en relación a helmintos: <em>Toxocara cati</em> 53.13%, <em>Ancylostoma tubaeforme</em> 3.13% y <em>Uncinaria spp</em> 1.04%, con 64.58% y 43.75% en animales jóvenes y adultos respectivamente.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Palabra clave:</strong> enteros parásitos, prevalencia, protozoos, helmintos, jóvenes, adultos.</p>