bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐attendance and utilization of a speech and language therapy service: a retrospective pilot study of school‐aged referrals
Authors: Curran Amy , Flynn Catherine , Antonijevic‐Elliott Stanislava , Lyons Rena 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundNon‐attendance and inappropriate referrals affect the effective and efficient running of healthcare services. Non‐engagement with speech and language therapy (SLT) services may lead to negative long‐term consequences for children in need of SLT intervention. Currently there is a dearth of research on non‐attendance and non‐engagement with SLT services.AimsTo identify factors associated with (1) non‐attendance and (2) parents’ non‐engagement with SLT services.Methods & ProceduresDemographic data were collected from 140 case files of children (aged 5;0–17;11 years) discharged from a public community SLT service (November 2011–October 2013) with no intervention provided. Logistic regression analyses explored relationships between demographic data and (1) non‐attendance and (2) non‐engagement with the SLT service.Outcomes & ResultsThere was an increased probability of non‐attendance during winter (i.e. September–February inclusive; OR = 3.14; p = 0.028) relative to summer, and with each month a child waited for SLT assessment (OR = 1.19; p = 0.066). There was decreased probability of non‐attendance with children referred for speech (OR = 0.08; p = 0.011) or language difficulties (OR = 0.15; p = 0.050) relative to dysfluency. The probability of non‐engagement with the SLT service increased in each of the following conditions: with each month a child waited for assessment (OR = 1.27; p = 0.004); in urban (OR = 2.40; p = 0.066) relative to rural locations; during winter (OR = 2.65; p = 0.021) relative to summer; and with referrals made by occupational therapists, physiotherapists, psychologists and social workers (OR = 18.65; p = 0.016) relative to doctor referrals.Conclusions & ImplicationsNon‐attendance is influenced by wait times, season and the reason for referral. Location (urban versus rural), referral source, wait times and season are factors related to non‐engagement with SLT services. Targeted policies to improve efficiency and effectiveness of SLT services could be designed around these study findings.
Child and Adolescent Predictors of Personality in Early Adulthood
Authors: Wängqvist Maria , Lamb Michael E. , Frisén Ann , Hwang C. Philip 
Published: March 2015

This study investigated development of the Big Five personality traits from early childhood into adulthood. An initial group of 137 Swedish children were assessed eight times between ages 2 and 29 years. Initial decreases in extraversion leveled off in early adulthood; agreeableness and conscientiousness increased from ages 2 to 29; neuroticism initially increased, leveled off in later childhood and adolescence, and decreased throughout early adulthood; while openness to experience showed an initial increase, then decreased and leveled off in early adulthood. Individual developmental trajectories varied significantly, particularly in relation to gender. Personality traits became increasingly stable, and the fact that childhood scores predicted scores in adulthood indicated that personalities are fairly stable across this portion of the life span.
Bone Response and Soft Tissue Changes Around Implants With/Without Abutments Supporting Fixed Partial Dentures: Results From a 3‐Year, Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study
Authors: Göthberg Catharina , André Ulrika , Gröndahl Kerstin , Thomsen Peter , Slotte Christer 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundDiverging opinions exist regarding rough surface abutment usage, and abutment exclusion effects are unstudied.PurposeThe study aims to: (1) assess tissue response to oxidized or machined abutments or no abutment; and (2) evaluate immediate implant‐loading effects.Materials and MethodsIn a 2005–2008 parallel‐group randomized, clinical trial, 50 partially edentulous subjects received three Brånemark TiUnite™ (Nobel Biocare®, Gothenburg, Sweden) implants. Superstructures were attached via abutments (one with a TiUnite surface – AOX, and one with a machine‐milled surface – AM) or directly at implant level (IL). Implants were immediately loaded (test) or unloaded for 3 months (control). Postoperative examinations were done up to 3 years.ResultsForty‐seven subjects were reexamined after 3 years. Four and two implants were lost in test and control groups, respectively, during the first year. Thereafter, no implant loss occurred (95.7% survival). After 1 year, mean (SEM) peri‐implant marginal bone loss (MBL) was 1.33 (0.08) mm (test) and 1.25 (0.08) mm (control). Between 1 and 3 years, a nonsignificant MBL occurred: 0.36 (0.08) mm (test) and 0.33 (0.06) mm (control). Similar MBL was found at IL (1.81 [0.93] mm) and AOX (1.77 [0.14] mm) after 3 years and was significantly lower at AM (1.42 [0.17] mm) than at IL (groups merged); 42% of the implants displayed mucosal bleeding at 3 years and probing pocket depths varied between 2.13 (0.12) mm and 3.62 (0.15) mm, significantly lower buccally. Bleeding on probing (BoP) in minute amounts was found in 30–45% of the sites and abundant BoP at about 20% of the sites. Soft tissue retracted mostly during year 1 and was more pronounced buccally. Regression analyses revealed significant effects from smoking, periodontal disease, abundant BoP, and a low initial implant stability quotient on MBL.ConclusionsNo further significant MBL was found between 1 and 3 years, irrespective of loading protocol. Use of machined abutments may benefit marginal bone stability over time.
Research to Practice: Observing Learning in Tinkering Activities
Authors: Gutwill Joshua P. , Hido Nina , Sindorf Lisa 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAs tinkering and making spaces proliferate in museums, many researchers, practitioners, funders, and policy‐makers seek to understand what constitutes learning‐through‐tinkering. To support discussion of tinkering‐based learning, the Exploratorium sought to articulate and refine a valid, evidence‐based definition of learning in its permanent on‐floor Tinkering Studio. We studied and made videos of fifty learners and their companions in one of three tinkering activities in the Tinkering Studio. A team of researchers and practitioners used the videos to refine frameworks for learning and facilitation (initially developed in a prior project), leading to the identification of four Dimensions of Learning and three broad Facilitation Moves. We created a Tinkering Library of Exemplars that categorizes over one hundred video clips according to these frameworks. The Library may help articulate important aspects of learning and facilitation, give voice to practitioners’ values in defining learning‐through‐tinkering, and lay a methodological foundation for gathering evidence for such learning. The Library is available for download.
The Museum Experience: Mapping the Experience of Fine Art
Authors: Kirchberg Volker , Tröndle Martin 
Published: March 2015

AbstractHow do visitors to fine art museums experience exhibitions? Can we classify their experiences? What are the factors that drive different types of visitor experience? We set out to answer these questions by analyzing from sociological, psychological, physiological, and behavioral perspectives the responses of 576 visitors to a special exhibition11: 1 (+ 3) = Eleven Collections for One Museummounted at the Kunstmuseum St. Gallen, Switzerland, from June to August 2009. Our five‐year research project,eMotion: Mapping the Museum Experience, interpreted computer‐modeled movement‐tracking and physiological maps of the visitors in complement with entrance and exit surveys. We tested individual aspects of the visitor, such as her or his expectations of the exhibition prior to seeing it; his or her socio‐demographic characteristics; her or his affinity for art, mood just before and receptivity just after the visit; and spatial, individual, and group‐related behavior patterns. Our study breaks down three types of exhibition experience that we call “the contemplative,” “the enthusing,” and “the social experience.” The results yield new information about aesthetic arousal, cognitive reaction, patterns of social behavior, and the diverse elements of the exhibition experience.
Listening to People Listening to Music: Lessons for Museums
Authors: Heimlich Joe E. , Argiro Carol , Farnbauch Christy 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe language people use to talk about something can constrain as well as facilitate understanding. This essay explores the lessons learned through a study of how people talked about music to examine what it can mean for museums and museum experiences. The study itself had people talk about their interest, background, and ways of engaging with music, then listen to random cuts of preselected music to talk about what they were hearing. Several themes emerged from the study, suggesting there are clusters to ways in which people frame their experiences of music, which extend to how people might understand the museum experience and what museums might do to make that experience more relevant.
Invasion success of a global avian invader is explained by within‐taxon niche structure and association with humans in the native range
Authors: Strubbe Diederik , Jackson Hazel , Groombridge Jim , Matthysen Erik 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAimTo mitigate the threat invasive species pose to ecosystem functioning, reliable risk assessment is paramount. Spatially explicit predictions of invasion risk obtained through bioclimatic envelope models calibrated with native species distribution data can play a critical role in invasive species management. Forecasts of invasion risk to novel environments, however, remain controversial. Here, we assess how species’ association with human‐modified habitats in the native range and within‐taxon niche structure shape the distribution of invasive populations at biogeographical scales and influence the reliability of predictions of invasion risk.LocationAfrica, Asia and Europe.MethodsWe use ~1200 native and invasive ring‐necked parakeet (Psittacula krameri) occurrences and associated data on establishment success in combination with mtDNA‐based phylogeographic structure to assess niche dynamics during biological invasion and to generate predictions of invasion risk. Niche dynamics were quantified in a gridded environmental space while bioclimatic models were created using the biomod2 ensemble modelling framework.ResultsRing‐necked parakeets show considerable niche expansion into climates colder than their native range. Only when incorporating a measure of human modification of habitats within the native range do bioclimatic envelope models yield credible predictions of invasion risk for parakeets across Europe. Invasion risk derived from models that account for differing niche requirements of phylogeographic lineages and those that do not achieve similar statistical accuracy, but there are pronounced differences in areas predicted to be susceptible for invasion.Main conclusionsInformation on within‐taxon niche structure and especially association with humans in the native range can substantially improve predictive models of invasion risk. To provide policymakers with robust predictions of invasion risk, including these factors into bioclimatic envelope models is recommended.
Challenges and prospects for interpreting long‐term phytoplankton diversity changes in Lake Zurich (Switzerland)
Authors: Pomati Francesco , Tellenbach Christoph , Matthews Blake , Venail Patrick , Ibelings Bas W. , Ptacnik Robert 
Published: March 2015

Summary

Analysing and interpreting long‐term phytoplankton time series present a number of challenges, arising from potential historical inconsistencies in data collection and taxonomic identification of organisms. In a previous paper, Pomati et al. (2012) found a remarkable increase in phytoplankton diversity that coincided with oligotrophication and warming of Lake Zurich over a 32‐year period. These findings were recently challenged on the basis of potential biases in detection limits and taxonomic classification over the time series (Straile, Jochimsen & Kümmerlin, 2013). We agree that being cautious with long‐term phytoplankton data series is extremely important, but argue that the increase in richness detected in Lake Zurich cannot be due only to methodological bias.

Following additional analysis of the Lake Zurich phytoplankton dataset, we found that the shift in taxon detection limits reported by Straile et al. (2013) is not supported by the data and stems from a rounding error in the calculation of density in the dataset available to those authors. We found a decline in the proportional abundance for common taxa, an increase in the annual prevalence of taxa and reduced community turnover over the time series. Taken together, the data clearly indicate a trend of decreasing dominance, while more taxa coexist simultaneously. We also argue that the taxonomic classification has been robust (at least at the family level) and propose a diagnostic plot that can help detect an unbiased signal of change in plankton richness through time.

Straile et al. (2013) observed perfect synchrony in species occurrence between Lake Zurich and nearby Lake Walen. While we agree that such perfect synchrony in community composition can reflect a bias in the database compilation, it can also be an important ecological signal of changes in regional species pools that deserves further analysis.

We conclude that the results of Pomati et al. (2012) are robust and not substantially undermined by the criticisms of Straile et al. (2013). More generally, it is indeed possible to extract meaningful signals of biodiversity change from long‐term phytoplankton monitoring datasets, provided there is a clear understanding of how the data have been sampled, recorded and analysed over the history of the time series.
Effect of TiO2 Doping on the Structure and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Cordierite Ceramics
Authors: Wu Song , Song Kaixin , Liu Peng , Lin Huixing , Zhang Fangfang , Zheng Peng , Qin Huibin 
Published: March 2015

The (1−x)Mg2Al4Si5O18–xTiO2 |(1−x)MAS‐xT| (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.35) cordierite ceramics are fabricated by solid‐state reaction method for obtaining near‐zero temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf). The XRD and SEM results show that (1−x)MAS‐xT (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) ceramics exhibit single cordierite solid solution, whereas as 0.15 ≤ x ≤ 0.35, present composite phases of Mg2Al4Si5O18 solution and TiO2. Rietveld refinements of XRD data suggest that the [(Si4Al2)O18] hexagonal shape in cordierite structure happens to alternate change from nonsymmetrical hexagonal rings to almost centrosymmetrical equilateral rings as x increases to 0.10 comparing to that of x = 0. As Ti4+ ions squeeze into the [(Si4Al2)O18] rings structure, the orientation and shapes of the rings begin to rotate and expand from initial state of [1–20] (x = 0) to near [210] direction (x = 0.10), and then continue to expand toward close to [110] direction (x = 0.25). Due to centrosymmetry adjustment of [(Si4Al2)O18] hexagonal rings and of other microstructure factors improvement, the (1−x)MAS‐xT (x = 0.10) cordierite solution achieves optimum quality factor Qf: εr = 6.3, Qf = 55 400 GHz (17.6 GHz), τf = −21 ppm/°C. The (1−x)MAS‐xT (x = 0.25) composites obtain a near‐zero temperature coefficient of resonance frequency: εr = 6.8, Qf = 37 800 GHz (18.4 GHz), τf = −0.2 ppm/°C.
Interdisciplinary Communication and Collaboration Among Physicians, Nurses, and Unlicensed Assistive Personnel
Authors: Lancaster Gwendolyn , Kolakowsky‐Hayner Stephanie , Kovacich Joann , Greer‐Williams Nancy 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPurposeHistorically, health care has primarily focused on physician, nurse, and allied healthcare provider triads. Using a phenomenological approach, this study explores the potential for hospital‐based interdisciplinary care provided by physicians, nurses, and unlicensed assistive personnel (UAPs).DesignThis phenomenological study used a purposive nonprobability, criterion‐based, convenience sample from a metropolitan hospital.Theoretical FoundationMalhotra's (1981) Schutzian lifeworld phenomenological orchestra study provided the theoretical basis for the conductorless orchestra model, which guided this study. In an orchestra, each member sees and hears the musical score from a different vantage point or perspective and has a different stock of knowledge or talent; however, members work together to produce a cohesive performance. Like the orchestra, individual talents and perspectives of physicians, nurses, and UAPs can be collaboratively blended to create a symphony: enhanced patient‐centered care.MethodsQualitative semistructured face‐to‐face, individual interviews were carefully transcribed and coded with the aid of NVivo 9, a qualitative data analysis software program, to discover emergent patterns and themes.FindingsThe study suggests that most of the time physicians, nurses, and UAPs operate as separate healthcare providers who barely speak to each other. Physicians see themselves as the primary patient care decision makers. Many physicians acknowledge the importance of nurses’ knowledge and expertise. On the other hand, the study indicates a hierarchical, subservient relationship among nurses and UAPs. Physicians and nurses tend to work together or consult each other at times, but UAPs are rarely included in any type of meaningful patient discussion.ConclusionsSince physicians, nurses, and UAPs each provide portions of patient care, coordination of the various treatments and interventions provided is critical to prevent errors and fragmentation of care. Tensions, misunderstandings, and conflicts caused by differences of opinions and interests can interfere with effective interdisciplinary communications and collaboration. Improving patient safety in the hospital requires addressing the current hierarchical professional structure inherent in healthcare delivery. A hospital patient care model based on the conductorless orchestra model would mitigate hierarchy; recognize physician, nurse, and UAP contributions to care; promote improved communication and collaboration; and enhance patient safety.Clinical RelevanceStudy results provide additional information supporting interdisciplinary communication and collaboration education and training among physicians, nurses, and UAPs to support positive patient care outcomes.
Improved pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics after i.v. application of peginterferon alfa‐2a in hepatitis C null responders
Authors: Fülöp Balazs , Biermer Michael , Cornberg Markus , Wedemeyer Heiner , Port Kerstin , Heyne Renate , Zeuzem Stefan , Peiffer Kai‐Henrik , Welzel Tania , Herber Adam , Buggisch Peter , Moser Christoph , Stoll Sabine , Alshuth Ulrich , Berg Thomas 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackground & AimMechanisms of non‐responsiveness to peginterferon alfa‐2a are not completely understood. Inadequate plasma levels may contribute to reduced response. The aim of this prospective, multicentre, crossover, Phase 1 study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and viral kinetics of intravenous vs. subcutaneous peginterferon alfa‐2a in patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C infection who showed null response to previous peginterferon/ribavirin.MethodsPatients were randomized in four treatment arms to subcutaneous or intravenous peginterferon alfa‐2a 180 μg, once or twice weekly for 2 weeks. After a washout phase of 6 weeks, patients first receiving intravenous administration switched to subcutaneous or vice versa for additional 2 weeks.ResultsIntravenous administration of pegylated interferon resulted in a stronger and faster decline in HCV RNA than subcutaneous administration with a maximum decline of 1.17 log10 vs. 0.41 log10 or 1.32 log10 vs. 0.54 log10 after a once or twice weekly application, respectively. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed significantly higher maximum concentration (Cmax)0–12 h and Cmax 0–7 d following intravenous administration, irrespective of dosing frequency A rapid rebound in HCV RNA was observed in all treatment arms. Adverse events occurred more frequently following intravenous administration.ConclusionIntravenous administration of peginterferon alfa‐2a results in considerably higher plasma concentration and a stronger decline in HCV RNA and offers an interesting approach in order to overcome interferon non‐responsive state in patients with full null response to previous peginterferon/ribavirin combination therapy.
Transabdominal Ultrasonography for Pregnancy Diagnosis and Estimation of Gestational Age in Dromedary Camels
Authors: Ali A , Derar R , Al‐Sobayil F 
Published: March 2015

ContentsThe objective of this study was to evaluate the use of transabdominal ultrasonography as a method for pregnancy diagnosis and establish some foetal biometrics guidelines of pregnancy staging. Transabdominal ultrasonography was performed weekly on six pregnant camels from the 4th to the 19th week and at 2‐week intervals from the 20th to the 52nd week of gestation. Six areas were selected for examination: caudal abdominal (CAA), inside the thigh, above the base of the udder; middle abdominal (MIA), from the base of the udder to the umbilicus; and cranial abdominal (CRA), from the umbilicus to the xiphoid cartilage. Several foetal parameters including orbital diameter (ORD), biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal diameter (ABD), chest depth (CHD) and ruminal diameter (RUD) were measured using standardized scan plans. The relationships between the gestational age and the foetal parameters were evaluated. From the 6th to the 12th week, the conceptus was always observed through the left CAA approach. Between the 13th and 27th week, the foetus was entirely visualized by the MIA examination. From the 28th to the 52nd week, the conceptus was mainly detected through the left CRA approach. The foetal parameters were measured frequently during mid‐ and late gestation. All regression and correlation coefficients were highly significant (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, transabdominal ultrasonography was shown to be a reliable technique for pregnancy diagnosis and estimation of gestational age in dromedary camels.