bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes following primary percutaneous coronary intervention in the setting of cardiac arrest: A registry database study
Authors: Kunadian Vijay , Bawamia Bilal , Maznyczka Annette , Zaman Azfar , Qiu Weiliang 
Published: May 2014

Background: The mortality rate among patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in the setting of cardiac arrest (CA) and whether the location where the patient sustains CA influences the outcome is not known in the contemporary era. Methods: Prospectively collected data at a tertiary cardiac centre on all patients undergoing PPCI for ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the setting of CA was analysed. Results: In total, 484/4118 (11.8%) patients sustained CA during the study period. Of these, 91/484 (18.8%) sustained CA prior to ambulance arrival, the remainder occurred either after ambulance arrival or in hospital. The overall in-hospital mortality was 20.5% in this cohort. Those sustaining CA before ambulance arrival experienced the highest unadjusted mortality compared to those that had CA after ambulance arrival, in hospital and in the catheterisation laboratory (29.7% versus 12.0%, 16.1% and 23.8% respectively, p=0.03). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the following parameters are independent predictors of in-hospital mortality: age (odds ratio (OR) for each year increment of age 1.05; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.08, p=0.0009); female gender (OR 2.42; 95% CI 1.17–4.99, p=0.0173); previous PCI (OR 7.59; 95% CI 1.72–33.53, p=0.0075); asystole/ electromechanical dissociation (EMD) (OR 13.43; 95% CI 5.34–33.80, p<0.0001); and patient location at arrest (OR 5.77 for before ambulance arrival; 95% CI 2.55–13.07, p<0.0001). Conclusions: In conclusion, in-hospital mortality remains high among patients undergoing PPCI in the context of CA, particularly among those that arrest prior to ambulance arrival.
Understanding the Acute Skin Injury Mechanism Caused by Player-Surface Contact During Soccer
Authors: van den Eijnde Wilbert A.J. , Peppelman Malou , Lamers Edwin A.D. , van de Kerkhof Peter C.M. , van Erp Piet E.J. 
Published: May 2014

Background: Superficial skin injuries are considered minor, and their incidence is probably underestimated. Insight into the incidence and mechanism of acute skin injury can be helpful in developing suitable preventive measures and safer playing surfaces for soccer and other field sports. Purpose: To gain insight into the incidence and severity of skin injuries related to soccer and to describe the skin injury mechanism due to player-surface contact. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The prevention model by van Mechelen et al (1992) combined with the injury causation model of Bahr and Krosshaug (2005) were used as a framework for the survey to describe the skin injury incidence and mechanism caused by player-surface contact. Results: The reviewed literature showed that common injury reporting methods are mainly based on time lost from participation or the need for medical attention. Because skin abrasions seldom lead to absence or medical attention, they are often not reported. When reported, the incidence of abrasion/laceration injuries varies from 0.8 to 6.1 injuries per 1000 player-hours. Wound assessment techniques such as the Skin Damage Area and Severity Index can be a valuable tool to obtain a more accurate estimation of the incidence and severity of acute skin injuries. Conclusion: The use of protective equipment, a skin lubricant, or wet surface conditions has a positive effect on preventing abrasion-type injuries from artificial turf surfaces. The literature also shows that essential biomechanical information of the sliding event is lacking, such as how energy is transferred to the area of contact. From a clinical and histological perspective, there are strong indications that a sliding-induced skin lesion is caused by mechanical rather than thermal injury to the skin.
Arthroscopic Removal of Chronic Symptomatic Calcifications of the Supraspinatus Tendon Without Acromioplasty
Authors: Maier Dirk , Jaeger Martin , Izadpanah Kaywan , Köstler Wolfgang , Bischofberger Anne K. , Südkamp Norbert P. , Ogon Peter 
Published: May 2014

Background: Little knowledge exists on postoperative recovery of pain and shoulder function following arthroscopic removal of calcific deposits of the supraspinatus tendon (ACDSSP). Certain factors may influence outcome, including acromial morphology. Purpose: To examine postoperative recovery following ACDSSP without acromioplasty and to analyze influential outcome factors. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: This prospective study evaluated 82 patients (105 shoulders) after ACDSSP without acromioplasty. Time periods for postoperative recovery of pain and subjective shoulder function were recorded. The absolute and normalized Constant scores (CSabs and CSnorm, respectively), Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS), DASH score (DS), and subjective shoulder value (SSV) were measured after a mean follow-up of 33.9 months. Analyzed outcome factors included localization of the calcific deposit (CD), acromial morphology, radiographic extent of CD removal, type of nonoperative treatment, and preoperative duration of symptoms. Results: Mean duration of postoperative pain was 2.2 weeks. Recovery of subjective shoulder function required 11.1 weeks on average. Mean ± standard deviation follow-up values were 91.1 ± 8.3 for CSabs, 104.2% ± 8.2% for CSnorm, 13.1 ± 2.6 for OSS, 1.81 ± 4.59 for DS, and 93.8% ± 10.7% for SSV. Abduction was significantly ( P = .008) lower in patients with type III (170° ± 17.5°) compared with type I (174° ± 20.7°) and type II (179° ± 4.5°) acromions. Also, abduction was significantly ( P = .001) lower in patients with long-standing symptoms (>72 months). Minor calcific remnants were found in 19 of 105 shoulders (18.1%), but affected neither postoperative recovery nor outcome. Conclusion: ACDSSP without acromioplasty yielded favorable outcomes and effected fast remission of pain regardless of acromial morphology. However, recovery of subjective shoulder function required almost 3 months on average. Minimal restriction of abduction occurred in patients with hook-shaped acromions and long-standing preoperative symptoms. The present data do not support routine performance of acromioplasty.
Increased T follicular helper cells and germinal center B cells are required for cGVHD and bronchiolitis obliterans
Authors: Flynn Ryan , Du Jing , Veenstra Rachelle G. , Reichenbach Dawn K. , Panoskaltsis-Mortari Angela , Taylor Patricia A. , Freeman Gordon J. , Serody Jonathan S. , Murphy William J. , Munn David H. , Sarantopoulos Stefanie , Luznik Leo , Maillard Ivan , Koreth John , Cutler Corey , Soiffer Robert J. , Antin Joseph H. , Ritz Jerome , Dubovsky Jason A. , Byrd John C. , MacDonald Kelli P. , Hill Geoff R. , Blazar Bruce R. 
Published: May 2014

Key Points
T follicular helper cells and germinal center B cells are increased and strongly correlate with the development of cGVHD in a murine model. Blocking mAbs for IL-21, ICOS, and CD40L are potential novel therapeutics for cGVHD.
Minkowski-type inequalities involving Hardy function and symmetric functions
Authors: Wen JiaJin , Wu ShanHe , Han TianYong 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The Hardy matrix

H
n

(
x
,
α
)

, the Hardy function

per

H
n

(
x
,
α
)

and the generalized Vandermonde determinant

det

H
n

(
x
,
α
)

are defined in this paper. By means of algebra and analysis theories together with proper hypotheses, we establish the following Minkowski-type inequality involving Hardy function:

[
per

H
n

(
x
+
y
,
α
)
]

1

|
α
|

⩾

[
per

H
n

(
x
,
α
)
]

1

|
α
|

+

[
per

H
n

(
y
,
α
)
]

1

|
α
|

.

As applications, our inequality is used to estimate the lower bounds of the increment of a symmetric function.

MSC:26D15, 15A15.
Acid suppressive agents and risk of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis: case–control study
Authors: Hsu Wen-Hung , Kuo Chao-Hung , Wang Sophie SW , Lu Chien-Yu , Liu Chung-Jung , Chuah Seng-Kee , Kuo Fu-Chen , Chen Yen-Hsu , Huang Yaw-Bin , Hou Ming-Feng , Wu Deng-Chyang , Hu Huang-Ming 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Background
The acid-suppressive agents have been linked with an increased risk of infectious disease. The relationship between these drugs and Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (TB) was not been reported.

Methods
We conducted a case–control study using data from National Health Insurance research database of Taiwan. From 1996 till 2008, and 6541 cases were defined as TB infection/activation (ICD-9 coding plus prescription two of four first-line anti-TB regimen for at least one month). Control subjects who were matched to the TB cases by age and sex were selected with 10:1 ratio. Medical records including acid-suppressive agent prescription and comorbidity, and socioeconomic status were analyzed.

Results
TB infection/activation was more frequent to comorbidity with chronic diseases, alcohol abuse, malignancy, immune deficient/suppression status and acid-related disease (peptic ulcer, reflux esophagitis). Among the TB cases, there was higher exposure record to acid-suppressive agents within 3 months before TB index date (OR 2.43(2.06-2.88) and 1.90 (1.68-2.14) for proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and histamine 2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) respectively). After adjusting confounding factors, PPIs prescription 3 months before TB index date had an association of TB infection/activation (adjusted OR 1.63(1.61-1.63)). Similar result was found in H2RA user (adjusted OR 1.51(1.50-1.52)). The association of acid-suppressive agents in TB infection/activation was fade gradually when the drug prescription period extended.

Conclusions
Recent prescription of acid-suppressive agent seems to associate the TB infection/activation. In the society where TB was prevalent, evaluation of pulmonary TB before prescription of PPI or H2RA is warranted.
Site-selective substitutional doping with atomic precision on stepped Al (111) surface by single-atom manipulation
Authors: Chen Chang , Zhang Jinhu , Dong Guofeng , Shao Hezhu , Ning Bo-yuan , Zhao Li , Ning Xi-jing , Zhuang Jun 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
In fabrication of nano- and quantum devices, it is sometimes critical to position individual dopants at certain sites precisely to obtain the specific or enhanced functionalities. With first-principles simulations, we propose a method for substitutional doping of individual atom at a certain position on a stepped metal surface by single-atom manipulation. A selected atom at the step of Al (111) surface could be extracted vertically with an Al trimer-apex tip, and then the dopant atom will be positioned to this site. The details of the entire process including potential energy curves are given, which suggests the reliability of the proposed single-atom doping method.
Reference values for toe grip strength among Japanese adults aged 20 to 79 years: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Uritani Daisuke , Fukumoto Takahiko , Matsumoto Daisuke , Shima Masayuki 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundNo standardised method has been adopted for measuring toe‐grip strength (TGS), and no reference values have been established for evaluating it. The present study investigated age‐related changes in TGS and the association of TGS with various descriptive characteristics.MethodsTGS was measured in both feet of 1842 community‐dwelling individuals aged 20–79 years using a toe‐grip dynamometer. The participants were classified by decade into six age groups: 20–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, and 70–79 years. Correlations for TGS between the dominant and non‐dominant sides were analysed according to decade and sex using Pearson's correlation coefficient. The mean TGS and TGS‐to‐weight ratio (TGS/Wt%) were compared between sexes by each decade and among all decades by sex using two‐way analysis of variance with post‐hoc tests. To assess relationships between mean TGS and various descriptive characteristics, we determined Pearson's correlation coefficient by sex and performed a stepwise multiple‐regression analysis. Significance was set at 5%.ResultsCorrelations for TGS between the dominant and non‐dominant sides were significant in all decades by sex, ranging from 0.73 for men in their 70s to 0.91 for women in their 50s. Mean TGS and TGS/Wt% significantly differed between the sexes in all decades and in all decades except the 40s, respectively. In men, the mean TGS and TGS/Wt% significantly decreased with aging after the 50s and 60s, respectively. In women, both the mean TGS and TGS/Wt% significantly decreased between the 40s and 50s and between the 60s and 70s. TGS significantly correlated with age, height, and weight in both sexes. The stepwise multiple‐regression analysis revealed TGS was significantly associated with sex, age, height, and weight (adjusted R2 = 0.31).ConclusionsTGS was closely correlated between the dominant and non‐dominant sides. TGS and TGS/Wt were significantly reduced with aging after the 50s in men and significantly reduced between the 40s and 50s and between the 60s and 70s in women. Age, sex, height, and weight accounted for only 30.8% of the variance in TGS. Therefore, other factors (e.g. toe flexibility, structural characteristics) should be considered for improving the accuracy of predicting TGS.
Scleroderma-polymyositis overlap syndrome versus idiopathic polymyositis and systemic sclerosis: a descriptive study on clinical features and myopathology
Authors: Bhansing Kavish J , Lammens Martin , Knaapen Hanneke KA , van Riel Piet LCM , van Engelen Baziel GM , Vonk Madelon C 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Introduction
The objective was to characterize the clinical and myopathologic features of patients with scleroderma-polymyositis (SSc-PM) overlap compared with a population of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and polymyositis (PM).

Methods
A three-way comparison of patients with SSc-PM overlap (n = 25) with patients with SSc (n = 397) and PM (n = 40) on clinical and myopathologic features and causes of death. One neuropathologist blinded for the diagnosis evaluated all recent available muscle biopsies. Biopsies were scored for presence of inflammation, necrotic muscle fibers, rimmed vacuoles, fibrosis, and immunohistochemical staining. Clinical or myopathologic characteristics were compared by using the χ2 test or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Results
The prevalence of SSc-PM overlap in the Nijmegen Systemic Sclerosis cohort was 5.9%. The mortality was 32% (eight of 25) in SSc-PM, of which half was related to cardiac diseases. The prevalence of pulmonary fibrosis was significantly increased in SSc-PM (83%) (P = 0.04) compared with SSc (49%) and PM (53%). SSc or myositis-specific antibodies were nearly absent in the SSc-PM group. In almost all biopsies (96%) of SSc-PM patients, necrotic muscle fibers were present, which was significantly increased compared with PM patients (P = 0.02).

Conclusions
Patients with SSc-PM have increased prevalence of pulmonary fibrosis and cardiac disease as the cause of death compared with patients with SSc and PM . In addition, we found that necrotizing muscle fibers with inflammation characterize SSc-PM overlap in muscle biopsies. Further research should focus on underlying mechanisms causing necrosis, inflammation, and fibrosis and their relation to pulmonary involvement and mortality in patients with SSc-PM overlap.
Using procalcitonin to guide antimicrobial duration in sepsis: asking the same questions will not bring different answers
Authors: Salluh Jorge IF , Nobre Vandack , Povoa Pedro 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSevere sepsis is a major healthcare problem and the early initiation of antimicrobials is one of the few measures associated with improved outcomes. However, antibiotic overuse is an increasing problem in critical care. Of several potential biomarkers for antibiotic stewardship, procalcitonin represents the most widely studied and validated. In this commentary we address the current literature on the use of biomarkers to guide antimicrobial therapy in the critically ill and discuss its limitations and future directions.
Comparison of Subcutaneous Versus Intravenous Administration of Rituximab As Maintenance Treatment for Follicular Lymphoma: Results From a Two-Stage, Phase IB Study
Authors: Salar Antonio , Avivi Irit , Bittner Beate , Bouabdallah Reda , Brewster Mike , Catalani Olivier , Follows George , Haynes Andrew , Hourcade-Potelleret Florence , Janikova Andrea , Larouche Jean-François , McIntyre Christine , Pedersen Michael , Pereira Juliana , Sayyed Pakeeza , Shpilberg Ofer , Tumyan Gayane 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
This two-stage phase IB study investigated the pharmacokinetics and safety of subcutaneous (SC) versus intravenous (IV) administration of rituximab as maintenance therapy in follicular lymphoma.

Patients and Methods

In stage 1 (dose finding), 124 patients who responded to rituximab induction were randomly assigned to SC rituximab (375 mg/m
2
, 625 mg/m
2
, or an additional group at 800 mg/m
2
) or IV rituximab (375 mg/m
2
). The objective was to determine an SC dose that would yield a rituximab serum trough concentration (C
trough
) in the same range as that of IV rituximab. In stage 2, 154 additional patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to SC rituximab (1,400 mg) or IV rituximab (375 mg/m
2
) given at 2- or 3-month intervals. The objective was to demonstrate noninferior rituximab C
trough
of SC rituximab relative to IV rituximab 375 mg/m
2
.

Results

Stage 1 data predicted that a fixed dose of 1,400 mg SC rituximab would result in a serum C
trough
in the range of that of IV rituximab. Noninferiority (ie, meeting the prespecified 90% CI lower limit of 0.8) was then confirmed in stage 2, with geometric mean C
trough SC
:C
trough
IV
ratios for the 2- and 3-month regimens of 1.24 (90% CI, 1.02 to 1.51) and 1.12 (90% CI, 0.86 to 1.45), respectively. Overall safety profiles were similar between formulations (in stage 2, 79% of patients experienced one or more adverse events in each group). Local administration-related reactions (mainly mild to moderate) occurred more frequently after SC administration.

Conclusion

The fixed dose of 1,400 mg SC rituximab predicted by using stage 1 results was confirmed to have noninferior C
trough
levels relative to IV rituximab 375 mg/m
2
dosing during maintenance, with a comparable safety profile. Additional investigation will be required to determine whether the SC route of administration for rituximab provides equivalent efficacy compared with that of IV administration.
Human Papillomavirus Genotyping and p16 Expression As Prognostic Factors for Patients With American Joint Committee on Cancer Stages I to III Carcinoma of the Anal Canal
Authors: Serup-Hansen Eva , Linnemann Dorte , Skovrider-Ruminski Wojciech , Høgdall Estrid , Geertsen Poul Flemming , Havsteen Hanne 
Published: May 2014

PurposeCarcinomas of the anal canal are strongly associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Expression of p16 is used as a surrogate marker of HPV infection. In a retrospective study, we evaluated HPV genotyping and p16 expression as prognostic markers of overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) in patients diagnosed with American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stages I to III carcinoma of the anal canal.Patients and MethodsHPV genotyping polymerase chain reaction (high-risk subtypes 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58) and immunohistochemical expression of p16 were analyzed by using paraffin-embedded tumor biopsies from 143 anal carcinomas. The patients were treated with combined chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy alone.ResultsHPV16 was detected in 81.0% of the tumors, followed by HPV33 (5.1%), HPV18 (2.2%), and HPV58 (0.7%). p16 positivity was found in 92.9% of the tumors. In univariable survival analysis, HPV positivity was significantly correlated with improved OS (74% v 52%; P = .036) and DSS (84% v 52%; P = .002), and p16 positivity was significantly correlated with improved OS (76% v 30%; P < .001) and DSS (85% v 30%; P < .001). In multivariable COX analysis that included HPV status, p16 status, sex, T stage, N stage, and treatment, p16 positivity remained an independent prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.07; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.61; P = .016) and DSS (HR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.53; P = .011).Conclusionp16 positivity is an independent prognostic factor for OS and DSS in patients with AJCC stages I to III carcinoma of the anal canal.
Accelerated Methotrexate, Vinblastine, Doxorubicin, and Cisplatin Is Safe, Effective, and Efficient Neoadjuvant Treatment for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Results of a Multicenter Phase II Study With Molecular Correlates of Response and Toxicity
Authors: Plimack Elizabeth R. , Hoffman-Censits Jean H. , Viterbo Rosalia , Trabulsi Edouard J. , Ross Eric A. , Greenberg Richard E. , Chen David Y.T. , Lallas Costas D. , Wong Yu-Ning , Lin Jianqing , Kutikov Alexander , Dotan Efrat , Brennan Timothy A. , Palma Norma , Dulaimi Essel , Mehrazin Reza , Boorjian Stephen A. , Kelly William Kevin , Uzzo Robert G. , Hudes Gary R. 
Published: May 2014

Purpose Neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy is standard of care for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC); however, it is infrequently adopted in practice because of concerns regarding toxicity and delay to cystectomy. We hypothesized that three cycles of neoadjuvant accelerated methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (AMVAC) would be safe, shorten the time to surgery, and yield similar pathologic complete response (pT0) rates compared with historical controls. Patients and Methods Patients with cT2-T4a and N0-N1 MIBC were eligible and received three cycles of AMVAC with pegfilgrastim followed by radical cystectomy with lymph node dissection. The primary end point was pT0 rate. Telomere length (TL) and p53 mutation status were correlated with response and toxicity. Results Forty-four patients were accrued; 60% had stage III to IV disease; median age was 64 years. Forty patients were evaluable for response, with 15 (38%; 95% CI, 23% to 53%) showing pT0 at cystectomy, meeting the primary end point of the study. Another six patients (14%) were downstaged to non–muscle invasive disease. Most (82%) experienced only grade 1 to 2 treatment-related toxicities. There were no grade 3 or 4 renal toxicities and no treatment-related deaths. One patient developed metastases and thus did not undergo cystectomy; all others (n = 43) proceeded to cystectomy within 8 weeks after last chemotherapy administration. Median time from start of chemotherapy to cystectomy was 9.7 weeks. TL and p53 mutation did not predict response or toxicity. Conclusion AMVAC is well tolerated and results in similar pT0 rates with 6 weeks of treatment compared with standard 12-week regimens. Further analysis is ongoing to ascertain whether molecular alterations in tumor samples can predict response to chemotherapy.