bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic creation of a topologically-ordered Hamiltonian using spin-pulse control in the Heisenberg model
Authors: Tanamoto Tetsufumi , Ono Keiji , Liu Yu-xi , Nori Franco 
Published: June 2015

AbstractHamiltonian engineering is an important approach for quantum information processing, when appropriate materials do not exist in nature or are unstable. So far there is no stable material for the Kitaev spin Hamiltonian with anisotropic interactions on a honeycomb lattice, which plays a crucial role in the realization of both Abelian and non-Abelian anyons. Here, we show two methods to dynamically realize the Kitaev spin Hamiltonian from the conventional Heisenberg spin Hamiltonian using pulse-control techniques based on the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff (BCH) formula. In the first method, the Heisenberg interaction is changed into Ising interactions in the first process of the pulse sequence. In the next process of the first method, we transform them to a desirable anisotropic Kitaev spin Hamiltonian. In the second more efficient method, we show that if we carefully design two-dimensional pulses that vary depending on the qubit location, we can obtain the desired Hamiltonian in only one step of applying the BCH formula. As an example, we apply our methods to spin qubits based on quantum dots, in which the effects of both the spin-orbit interaction and the hyperfine interaction are estimated.
Skyrmion Superfluidity in Two-Dimensional Interacting Fermionic Systems
Authors: Palumbo Giandomenico , Cirio Mauro 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn this article we describe a multi-layered honeycomb lattice model of interacting fermions which supports a new kind of parity-preserving skyrmion superfluidity. We derive the low-energy field theory describing a non-BCS fermionic superfluid phase by means of functional fermionization. Such effective theory is a new kind of non-linear sigma model, which we call double skyrmion model. In the bi-layer case, the quasiparticles of the system (skyrmions) have bosonic statistics and replace the Cooper-pairs role. Moreover, we show that the model is also equivalent to a Maxwell-BF theory, which naturally establishes an effective Meissner effect without requiring a breaking of the gauge symmetry. Finally, we map effective superfluidity effects to identities among fermionic observables for the lattice model. This provides a signature of our theoretical skyrmion superfluidy that can be detected in a possible implementation of the lattice model in a real quantum system.
Alternating current line-filter based on electrochemical capacitor utilizing template-patterned graphene
Authors: Wu Zhenkun , Li Liyi , Lin Ziyin , Song Bo , Li Zhuo , Moon Kyoung-Sik , Wong Ching-Ping , Bai Shu-Lin 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAluminum electrolytic capacitors (AECs) are widely used for alternating current (ac) line-filtering. However, their bulky size is becoming more and more incompatible with the rapid development of portable electronics. Here we report a scalable process to fabricate miniaturized graphene-based ac line-filters on flexible substrates at room temperature. In this work, graphene oxide (GO) is reduced by patterned metal interdigits at room temperature and used directly as the electrode material. The as-fabricated device shows a phase angle of −75.4° at 120 Hz with a specific capacitance of 316 µF/cm2 and a RC time constant of 0.35 ms. In addition, it retains 97.2% of the initial capacitance after 10000 charge/discharge cycles. These outstanding performance characteristics of our device demonstrate its promising to replace the conventional AECs for ac line filtering.
Orthogonal Cherenkov sound in spin-orbit coupled systems
Authors: Smirnov Sergey 
Published: June 2015

AbstractConventionally the Cherenkov sound is governed by orbital degrees of freedom and is excited by supersonic particles. Additionally, it usually has a forward nature with a conic geometry known as the Cherenkov cone whose axis is oriented along the supersonic particle motion. Here we predict Cherenkov sound of a unique nature entirely resulting from the electronic spin degree of freedom and demonstrate a fundamentally distinct Cherenkov effect originating from essentially subsonic electrons in two-dimensional gases with both Bychkov-Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions. Specifically, we show that the axis of the conventional forward Cherenkov cone gets a nontrivial quarter-turn and at the same time the sound distribution strongly localizes around this rotated axis being now orthogonal to the subsonic particle motion. Apart from its fundamentally appealing nature, the orthogonal Cherenkov sound could have applications in planar semiconductor technology combining spin and acoustic phenomena to develop, e.g., acoustic amplifiers or sound sources with a flexible spin dependent orientation of the sound propagation.
Chimpanzee drumming: a spontaneous performance with characteristics of human musical drumming
Authors: Dufour Valérie , Poulin Nicolas , Charlotte Curé  , Sterck Elisabeth H. M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDespite the quintessential role that music plays in human societies by enabling us to release and share emotions with others, traces of its evolutionary origins in other species remain scarce. Drumming like humans whilst producing music is practically unheard of in our most closely related species, the great apes. Although beating on tree roots and body parts does occur in these species, it has, musically speaking, little in common with human drumming. Researchers suggest that for manual beating in great apes to be compared to human drumming, it should at least be structurally even, a necessary quality to elicit entrainment (beat induction in others). Here we report an episode of spontaneous drumming by a captive chimpanzee that approaches the structural and contextual characteristics usually found in musical drumming. This drumming differs from most beating episodes reported in this species by its unusual duration, the lack of any obvious context and rhythmical properties that include long-lasting and dynamically changing rhythms, but also evenness and leisureliness. This performance is probably the first evidence that our capacity to drum is shared with our closest relatives.
Oxygen anomaly in near surface carbon dioxide reveals deep stratospheric intrusion
Authors: Liang Mao-Chang , Mahata Sasadhar 
Published: June 2015

AbstractStratosphere-troposphere exchange could be enhanced by tropopause folding, linked to variability in the subtropical jet stream. Relevant to tropospheric biogeochemistry is irreversible transport from the stratosphere, associated with deep intrusions. Here, oxygen anomalies in near surface air CO2are used to study the irreversible transport from the stratosphere, where the triple oxygen isotopes of CO2are distinct from those originating from the Earth’s surface. We show that the oxygen anomaly in CO2is observable at sea level and the magnitude of the signal increases during the course of our sampling period (September 2013-February 2014), concordant with the strengthening of the subtropical jet system and the East Asia winter monsoon. The trend of the anomaly is found to be 0.1‰/month (R2 = 0.6) during the jet development period in October. Implications for utilizing the oxygen anomaly in CO2for CO2biogeochemical cycle study and stratospheric intrusion flux at the surface are discussed.
Virus Genotype Distribution and Virus Burden in Children and Adults Hospitalized for Norovirus Gastroenteritis, 2012–2014, Hong Kong
Authors: Chan Martin C.W. , Leung Ting F. , Chung Tracy W.S. , Kwok Angela K. , Nelson E. Anthony S. , Lee Nelson , Chan Paul K.S. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe conducted a 2-year hospital-based study on norovirus gastroenteritis among children and adults between August 2012 and September 2014. A total of 1,146 norovirus cases were identified. Young children (aged ≤ 5 years) accounted for a majority (53.3%) of cases. Hospitalization incidence exhibited a U-shaped pattern with the highest rate in young children (1,475 per 100,000 person-years), followed by the elderly aged > 84 years (581 per 100,000 person-years). A subset (n = 395, 34.5%) of cases were selected for norovirus genotyping and noroviral load measurement. Non-GII.4 infections were more commonly observed in young children than in older adults (aged > 65 years) (20.5% versus 9.2%; p < 0.05). In young children, the median noroviral load of GII.4 and non-GII.4 cases was indistinguishably high (cycle threshold value, median [interquartile range]: 16.6 [15.2–19.3] versus 16.6 [14.9–21.6]; p = 0.45). Two age-specific non-GII.4 genotypes (GII.3 and GII.6) were identified among young children. These findings may have implications in norovirus vaccination strategy.
Ras-GTP dimers activate the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway
Authors: Nan Xiaolin , Tamgüney Tanja M. , Collisson Eric A. , Lin Li-Jung , Pitt Cameron , Galeas Jacqueline , Lewis Sophia , Gray Joe W. , McCormick Frank , Chu Steven 
Published: June 2015

SignificanceRat sarcoma (Ras) proteins play central roles in both normal and oncogenic signaling. Mechanisms of how Ras interacts with its effectors on the cell membrane, however, are still poorly understood, significantly hampering efforts to target this molecule in human cancer. Here we have used quantitative superresolution fluorescence microscopy in combination with carefully engineered biological systems to show that Ras dimers drive oncogenic signaling through the Raf-MAPK pathway. Our study suggests a new, dimer model of Ras-Raf signaling and the potential value of Ras dimers as a therapeutic target.
Diet Partitioning in a Diverse Centrarchid Assemblage in the Atchafalaya River Basin, Louisiana
Authors: Miller Brett A. , Kelso William E. , Kaller Michael D. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe examined trophic and habitat resource partitioning among seven centrarchid species inhabiting four macrohabitat types in the Atchafalaya River basin (ARB), a 900‐km2 bottomland hardwood swamp in south‐central Louisiana. Fish (n = 2,036) were collected at 24 sites by boat electrofishing, and trophic position was determined from stomach contents and tissue analysis of 15N and 13C stable isotope signatures (n = 140). Stomach content analysis (index of relative importance), Morisita's index of dietary overlap, and canonical correspondence analysis revealed little effect of ARB macrohabitat type on centrarchid trophic relationships despite significant habitat alterations in dredged canals. Analyses revealed substantial diet overlap among three predominately insectivorous species (Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus, Redspotted Sunfish L. miniatus, and Longear Sunfish L. megalotis), whereas much more distinctive trophic positions were occupied by Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides (dominant prey = fish), Black Crappies Pomoxis nigromaculatus (palaemonid shrimp), Redear Sunfish L. microlophus (mollusks), and Warmouths L. gulosus (crayfish). Stable isotope signatures reflected dietary differences among species and complemented stomach content analyses in assessing the feeding ecology of these centrarchids, although isotopic similarities were sometimes higher than actual similarities in diet composition. Results suggest that centrarchid functional morphology and prey selection, combined with the diversity and productivity of ARB littoral habitats, effectively reduce the potential for competition among the seven cohabiting centrarchids.
JSBML 1.0: providing a smorgasbord of options to encode systems biology models
Authors: Rodriguez Nicolas , Thomas Alex , Watanabe Leandro , Vazirabad Ibrahim Y. , Kofia Victor , Gómez Harold F. , Mittag Florian , Matthes Jakob , Rudolph Jan , Wrzodek Finja , Netz Eugen , Diamantikos Alexander , Eichner Johannes , Keller Roland , Wrzodek Clemens , Fröhlich Sebastian , Lewis Nathan E. , Myers Chris J. , Le Novère Nicolas , Palsson Bernhard Ø. , Hucka Michael , Dräger Andreas 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Summary: JSBML, the official pure Java programming library for the Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML) format, has evolved with the advent of different modeling formalisms in systems biology and their ability to be exchanged and represented via extensions of SBML. JSBML has matured into a major, active open-source project with contributions from a growing, international team of developers who not only maintain compatibility with SBML, but also drive steady improvements to the Java interface and promote ease-of-use with end users.
Availability and implementation: Source code, binaries and documentation for JSBML can be freely obtained under the terms of the LGPL 2.1 from the website http://sbml.org/Software/JSBML. More information about JSBML can be found in the user guide at http://sbml.org/Software/JSBML/docs/.
Contact: jsbml-development@googlegroups.com or andraeger@eng.ucsd.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Association between Intraoperative Hypotension and Hypertension and 30-day Postoperative Mortality in Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Monk Terri G. , Bronsert Michael R. , Henderson William G. , Mangione Michael P. , Sum-Ping S. T. John , Bentt Deyne R. , Nguyen Jennifer D. , Richman Joshua S. , Meguid Robert A. , Hammermeister Karl E. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background
Although deviations in intraoperative blood pressure are assumed to be associated with postoperative mortality, critical blood pressure thresholds remain undefined. Therefore, the authors estimated the intraoperative thresholds of systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean blood pressure (MAP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) associated with increased risk-adjusted 30-day mortality.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study combined intraoperative blood pressure data from six Veterans Affairs medical centers with 30-day outcomes to determine the risk-adjusted associations between intraoperative blood pressure and 30-day mortality. Deviations in blood pressure were assessed using three methods: (1) population thresholds (individual patient sum of area under threshold [AUT] or area over threshold 2 SDs from the mean of the population intraoperative blood pressure values), (2). absolute thresholds, and (3) percent change from baseline blood pressure.

Results
Thirty-day mortality was associated with (1) population threshold: systolic AUT (odds ratio, 3.3; 95% CI, 2.2 to 4.8), mean AUT (2.8; 1.9 to 4.3), and diastolic AUT (2.4; 1.6 to 3.8). Approximate conversions of AUT into its separate components of pressure and time were SBP < 67 mmHg for more than 8.2 min, MAP < 49 mmHg for more than 3.9 min, DBP < 33 mmHg for more than 4.4 min. (2) Absolute threshold: SBP < 70 mmHg for more than or equal to 5 min (odds ratio, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.7 to 4.9), MAP < 49 mmHg for more than or equal to 5 min (2.4; 1.3 to 4.6), and DBP < 30 mmHg for more than or equal to 5 min (3.2; 1.8 to 5.5). (3) Percent change: MAP decreases to more than 50% from baseline for more than or equal to 5 min (2.7; 1.5 to 5.0). Intraoperative hypertension was not associated with 30-day mortality with any of these techniques.

Conclusion
Intraoperative hypotension, but not hypertension, is associated with increased 30-day operative mortality.
Convex Hemiepiphysiodesis: Posterior/anterior in-situ Versus Posterior-only With Pedicle Screw Instrumentation: An Experimental Simulation in Immature Pigs
Authors: Bekmez Senol , Demirkiran Halil G. , Yilmaz Guney , Akel Ibrahim , Atilla Pergin , Muftuoglu Sevda Fatma , Yazici Muharrem , Alanay Ahmet 
Published: June 2015

Study Design:
Experimental study.

Background:
Convex growth arrest (CGA) has been commonly used in the treatment of long-sweeping congenital deformities of the immature spine. As there are major drawbacks about the anterior procedure in the conventional CGA method, a new modification has been documented that using only posterior spinal approach with pedicle screw instrumentation. The aim of the study was to compare posterior-only CGA using pedicle screws with combined anterior/posterior in-situ CGA for the findings in histologic, radiologic, and manual palpation examinations in an immature pig model.

Methods:
Twelve 10-weeks old pigs were grouped into 2. In group 1, posterior-only, pedicle screw instrumented CGA was performed on the left side of L1-L4 vertebrae. In group 2, conventional combined posterior and anterior CGA was performed to the left side of L1-L4 vertebrae without instrumentation. All animals were killed twelve weeks after surgery. T11-L5 segments were en-bloc resected and radiologic, histologic, and manual palpation examinations were done.

Results:
Marked scoliotic (12.2±2.5 and 9.2±1.3 in group 1 and 2, respectively) and kyphotic (11.2±1.0 degrees for the group 1 and 12±5.2 degrees for the group 2, respectively) deformities were noted in both groups, which were caused by hemiepiphysiodesis effect. Anterior and posterior parts of group 2 and posterior part of group 1 demonstrated fusion in histologic and radiologic analyzes. In anterior part of the group 1, marked narrowing on the disk spaces and thinning of growth plates were noted in radiologicg examination, chondrocyte degeneration, and newly-formed bone trabeculae in disk-space were noted in histological examination. In manual palpation, no motion was detected in group 1 and motion was detected in only one segment of one animal in group 2.

Conclusions:
Anterior growth of the vertebrae can be controlled by application of posterior transpedicular screws and rod. Such an effect can eliminate the need for anterior surgical intervention in convex hemiepiphysiodesis procedures.

Clinical Relevance:
The instrumented CGA technique provides a satisfactory epiphysiodesis effect both anteriorly and posteriorly, as previously demonstrated by clinical studies.
CTFFIND4: Fast and accurate defocus estimation from electron micrographs
Authors: Rohou Alexis , Grigorieff Nikolaus 
Published: June 2015

AbstractCTFFIND is a widely-used program for the estimation of objective lens defocus parameters from transmission electron micrographs. Defocus parameters are estimated by fitting a model of the microscope’s contrast transfer function (CTF) to an image’s amplitude spectrum. Here we describe modifications to the algorithm which make it significantly faster and more suitable for use with images collected using modern technologies such as dose fractionation and phase plates. We show that this new version preserves the accuracy of the original algorithm while allowing for higher throughput. We also describe a measure of the quality of the fit as a function of spatial frequency and suggest this can be used to define the highest resolution at which CTF oscillations were successfully modeled.
PaxtoolsR: Pathway Analysis in R Using Pathway Commons
Authors: Luna Augustin , Babur Özgün , Aksoy Bülent Arman , Demir Emek , Sander Chris 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTPurposePaxtoolsR package enables access to pathway data represented in the BioPAX format and made available through the Pathway Commons webservice for users of the R language. Features include the extraction, merging, and validation of pathway data represented in the BioPAX format. This package also provides novel pathway datasets and advanced querying features for R users through the Pathway Commons webservice allowing users to query, extract, and retrieve data and integrate this data with local BioPAX datasets.AvailabilityThe PaxtoolsR package is compatible with R 3.1.1 on Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux using Bioconductor 3.0 and is available through the Bioconductor R package repository along with source code and a tutorial vignette describing common tasks, such as data visualization and gene set enrichment analysis. Source code and documentation are athttp://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/paxtoolsr.html. This plugin is free, open-source and licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) v3.0.Contactpaxtools@cbio.mskcc.org
Integrative Comparison of the Role of the PHOSPHATE RESPONSE1 Subfamily in Phosphate Signaling and Homeostasis in Rice
Authors: Guo Meina , Ruan Wenyuan , Li Changying , Huang Fangliang , Zeng Ming , Liu Yingyao , Yu Yanan , Ding Xiaomeng , Wu Yunrong , Wu Zhongchang , Mao Chuanzao , Yi Keke , Wu Ping , Mo Xiaorong 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Phosphorus (P), an essential macronutrient for all living cells, is indispensable for agricultural production. Although Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) PHOSPHATE RESPONSE1 (PHR1) and its orthologs in other species have been shown to function in transcriptional regulation of phosphate (Pi) signaling and Pi homeostasis, an integrative comparison of PHR1-related proteins in rice (Oryza sativa) has not previously been reported. Here, we identified functional redundancy among three PHR1 orthologs in rice (OsPHR1, OsPHR2, and OsPHR3) using phylogenetic and mutation analysis. OsPHR3 in conjunction with OsPHR1 and OsPHR2 function in transcriptional activation of most Pi starvation-induced genes. Loss-of-function mutations in any one of these transcription factors (TFs) impaired root hair growth (primarily root hair elongation). However, these three TFs showed differences in DNA binding affinities and messenger RNA expression patterns in different tissues and growth stages, and transcriptomic analysis revealed differential effects on Pi starvation-induced gene expression of single mutants of the three TFs, indicating some degree of functional diversification. Overexpression of genes encoding any of these TFs resulted in partial constitutive activation of Pi starvation response and led to Pi accumulation in the shoot. Furthermore, unlike OsPHR2-overexpressing lines, which exhibited growth retardation under normal or Pi-deficient conditions, OsPHR3-overexpressing plants exhibited significant tolerance to low-Pi stress but normal growth rates under normal Pi conditions, suggesting that OsPHR3 would be useful for molecular breeding to improve Pi uptake/use efficiency under Pi-deficient conditions. We propose that OsPHR1, OsPHR2, and OsPHR3 form a network and play diverse roles in regulating Pi signaling and homeostasis in rice.
Cultural and paradoxical values in advertising in Eastern Europe
Authors: Saleem Salman , Larimo Jorma Antero , Ummik Kadi , Kuusik Andres 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether Hofstede’s (2001) cultural framework and the value paradox explain the use of appeals in advertising in Estonia.

Design/methodology/approach
– Hypotheses are drawn in relation to Hofstede’s original four cultural dimensions – power distance, masculinity/femininity, individualism/collectivism and uncertainty avoidance. A sample of 110 print advertisements from four magazines were analyzed using Pollay’s (1983) classification of advertising appeals.

Findings
– The results show that Estonian advertising reflects paradoxical values related to low power distance and femininity dimensions, and culturally congruent values related to high-uncertainty avoidance and individualism.

Practical implications
– Findings suggest that cultural values (desired) alone are insufficient to predict the reflection of culture in advertising. Rather, consideration of the discrepancies between the cultural values (desired) and practices (desirable) enables a better explanation of the relationship between society and its advertising.

Originality/value
– Scholars have shown increasing interest in the consequences of culture on advertising, but the opposing aspect of cultural values and practices has received limited research attention. The paper offers interesting insights regarding the effect of culture and the value paradox on the use of appeals in advertising. Additionally, analyzing the advertising of Eastern Europe is highly important because of the limited research attention that exists with respect to advertising in the region.