bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic pulmonary artery stenting for metastatic bronchial carcinoid
Authors: Vawdrey Daniel B F , Fitzsimmons Samantha , Veldtman Gruschen R , Carpenter John-Paul 
Published: September 2013

We present a case of a middle-aged man with a 3-month history of progressive shortness of breath and peripheral oedema. Ten years prior to this, he had undergone a left pneumonectomy for metastatic bronchial carcinoid. Clinical examination revealed significant right heart failure, supported by transthoracic echocardiography. CT pulmonary angiogram revealed the cause to be marked progression of the bronchial carcinoid causing severe external compression of right pulmonary artery (RPA). In view of the distressing symptoms, a palliative endovascular intervention to the RPA was attempted to relieve obstruction, improve blood flow through the right lung and offload the right ventricle. This was performed under general anaesthesia involving interventional cardiology and radiology specialists together with a specialist anaesthetic team with extensive experience of managing carcinoid patients. The result was a marked improvement in symptoms and right heart function and the patient was discharged 2 days later.
Is surgery effective for deep posterior compartment syndrome of the leg? A systematic review
Authors: Winkes Michiel B , Hoogeveen Adwin R , Scheltinga Marc R 
Published: September 2013

BackgroundResults of surgery for lower leg deep posterior chronic exertional compartment syndrome (dp-CECS) are inferior compared to other types of CECS. Factors influencing suboptimal surgical results are unknown. The purpose of this systematic review was to provide a critical analysis of the existing literature on the surgical management of dp-CECS aimed at identifying parameters determining surgical results.MethodsA literature search was performed using Pubmed, EMBASE, MEDLINE and CINAHL (EBSCO). Studies including surgical results for dp-CECS were systematically reviewed.Results7 studies of level III evidence reporting on a total of 131 patients met inclusion criteria (>5 patients, reporting intracompartmental pressures (ICP), clearly stating postoperative outcome). Only four studies strictly adhered to predefined ICP criteria. Cutoff ICP levels varied widely among the 7 studies. Surgical procedures ranged from a superficial crural fasciotomy to multiple fasciotomies of various deep posterior compartments. No single surgical procedure proved superior. Prolonged high ICP levels following provocation were associated with postoperative success. Success rates after fasciotomy were modest ranging from 30% to 65%. Risk factors for failure of surgery were not identified.ConclusionsThe quality of studies reporting on surgery for dp-CECS is poor. Prospective, controlled or randomised studies are lacking. Diagnostic criteria and surgical techniques are diverse. As functional results of current management regimes are disappointing, future studies of dp-CECS should focus on optimising diagnostic criteria and standardisation of treatment modalities.
Antarctic Palaeoenvironments and Earth-Surface Processes in context
Authors: Hambrey Michael J. , Davies Bethan J. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The 26 papers in this volume comprise those presented at the International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences in Edinburgh in July 2011, as well as several invited review papers, on Antarctic geology and geomorphology. These papers demonstrate a remarkable diversity of Earth science interests in the Antarctic. It is evident that during recent decades there has been a marked change in emphasis from pre-Cenozoic geology to topics related to the 34 million years of directly documented Antarctic glacial history. Increasing emphasis is being placed on the documentation and understanding of the palaeorecord of ice-sheet growth and decay. Furthermore, Antarctic Earth history is providing us with important information about potential future trends, as the impact of global warming is increasingly felt on the continent and its ocean.
Evolution of late Cenozoic magmatism and the crust–mantle structure in the NE Japan Arc
Authors: Yoshida Takeyoshi , Kimura Jun-Ichi , Yamada Ryoichi , Acocella Valerio , Sato Hiroshi , Zhao Dapeng , Nakajima Junichi , Hasegawa Akira , Okada Tomomi , Honda Satoru , Ishikawa Masahiro , Prima Oky Dicky Ardiansyah , Kudo Takeshi , Shibazaki Bunichiro , Tanaka Akiko , Imaizumi Toshifumi 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
We review the evolution of late Cenozoic magmatism in the NE Japan arc, and examine the relationship between the magmatism and the crust–mantle structure. Recent studies reveal secular changes in the mode of magmatic activity, the magma plumbing system, erupted volumes and magmatic composition associated with the evolution of crust–mantle structures related to the tectonic evolution of the arc. The evolution of Cenozoic magmatism in the arc can be divided into three periods: the continental margin (66–21 Ma), the back-arc basin (21–13.5 Ma) and the island-arc period (13.5–0 Ma). Magmatic evolution in the back-arc basin and the island-arc periods appears to be related to the 2D to 3D change in the convection pattern of the mantle wedge related to the asthenosphere upwelling and subsequent cooling of the mantle. Geodynamic changes in the mantle caused back-arc basin basalt eruptions during the back-arc basin opening (basalt phase) followed by crustal heating and re-melting, which generated many felsic plutons and calderas (rhyolite/granite phase) in the early stage of the island-arc period. This was followed by crustal cooling and strong compression, which ensured vent connections and mixing between deeper mafic and shallower felsic magmas, erupting large volumes of Quaternary andesites (andesite phase).
Evolution and origin of the Revsegg Nappe in the SW-Norwegian Caledonides: an allochthon with Ordovician elements
Authors: Roffeis C. , Corfu F. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

The Revsegg Nappe is the uppermost tectonic unit of the Hardanger–Ryfylke Nappe Complex in the SW-Scandinavian Caledonides. The Revsegg Nappe consists mainly of two-mica schists with boudinaged lenses of sandstone, amphibolite, granodiorite and pegmatite. Analyses by U–Pb isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry on metamorphic zircon in a mafic lens and on rutile in a metasandstone reveal Ordovician ages of 471±18 and 480±15 Ma, respectively. Pegmatites intruded at 433±1 Ma, contemporaneously with rutile formation at the bottom of the nappe (434±6 Ma). Granodiorite intruded at 428±1 Ma, during or shortly before deformation of the biotite schists at
c.
428–424 Ma. The specific lithology and the Ordovician imprint distinguish the Revsegg Nappe from the underlying crystalline nappes. The latter have characteristic indicative of a Baltic derivation whereas the Revsegg Nappe correlates better with nappes of Iapetan affinity, such as the Jæren Nappe south of Stavanger.
First-in-human, Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Phase I Study of Resminostat, an Oral Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Brunetto André T. , Ang Joo Ern , Lal Rohit , Olmos David , Molife L. Rhoda , Kristeleit Rebecca , Parker Ann , Casamayor Isabel , Olaleye Muyibat , Mais Anna , Hauns Bernhard , Strobel Vera , Hentsch Bernd , de Bono Johann S. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Purpose: This first-in-human dose-escalating trial investigated the safety, tolerability, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of the novel histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor resminostat in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Experimental Design: Resminostat was administered orally once-daily on days 1 to 5 every 14 days at 5 dose levels between 100 and 800 mg. Safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics including histone acetylation and HDAC enzyme activity, and antitumor efficacy were assessed.
Results: Nineteen patients (median age 58 years, range 39–70) were treated. At 800 mg, 1 patient experienced grade 3 nausea and vomiting, grade 2 liver enzyme elevation, and grade 1 hypokalemia and thrombocytopenia; these were declared as a combined DLT. No other DLT was observed. Although an MTD was not reached and patients were safely dosed up to 800 mg, 3 of 7 patients treated with 800 mg underwent dose reductions after the DLT-defining period due to cumulative gastrointestinal toxicities and fatigue. All toxicities resolved following drug cessation. No grade 4 treatment-related adverse event was observed. The pharmacokinetic profile was dose-proportional with low inter-patient variability. Pharmacodynamic inhibition of HDAC enzyme was dose-dependent and reached 100% at doses ≥400 mg. Eleven heavily pretreated patients had stable disease and 1 patient with metastatic thymoma had a 27% reduction in target lesion dimensions.
Conclusions: Resminostat was safely administered with a dose-proportional pharmacokinetic profile, optimal on-target pharmacodynamic activity at dose levels ≥400 mg and signs of antitumor efficacy. The recommended phase II dose is 600 mg once-daily on days 1 to 5 every 14 days. Clin Cancer Res; 19(19); 5494–504. ©2013 AACR.
Discovery of a Mutant-Selective Covalent Inhibitor of EGFR that Overcomes T790M-Mediated Resistance in NSCLC
Authors: Walter Annette O. , Sjin Robert Tjin Tham , Haringsma Henry J. , Ohashi Kadoaki , Sun Jing , Lee Kwangho , Dubrovskiy Aleksandr , Labenski Matthew , Zhu Zhendong , Wang Zhigang , Sheets Michael , St Martin Thia , Karp Russell , van Kalken Dan , Chaturvedi Prasoon , Niu Deqiang , Nacht Mariana , Petter Russell C. , Westlin William , Lin Kevin , Jaw-Tsai Sarah , Raponi Mitch , Van Dyke Terry , Etter Jeff , Weaver Zoe , Pao William , Singh Juswinder , Simmons Andrew D. , Harding Thomas C. , Allen Andrew 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with activating EGF receptor (EGFR) mutations initially respond to first-generation reversible EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. However, clinical efficacy is limited by acquired resistance, frequently driven by the EGFRT790M mutation. CO-1686 is a novel, irreversible, and orally delivered kinase inhibitor that specifically targets the mutant forms of EGFR, including T790M, while exhibiting minimal activity toward the wild-type (WT) receptor. Oral administration of CO-1686 as single agent induces tumor regression in EGFR-mutated NSCLC tumor xenograft and transgenic models. Minimal activity of CO-1686 against the WT EGFR receptor was observed. In NSCLC cells with acquired resistance to CO-1686 in vitro, there was no evidence of additional mutations or amplification of the EGFR gene, but resistant cells exhibited signs of epithelial–mesenchymal transition and demonstrated increased sensitivity to AKT inhibitors. These results suggest that CO-1686 may offer a novel therapeutic option for patients with mutant EGFR NSCLC.
Significance: We report the preclinical development of a novel covalent inhibitor, CO-1686, that irreversibly and selectively inhibits mutant EGFR, in particular the T790M drug-resistance mutation, in NSCLC models. CO-1686 is the first drug of its class in clinical development for the treatment of T790M-positive NSCLC, potentially offering potent inhibition of mutant EGFR while avoiding the on-target toxicity observed with inhibition of the WT EGFR. Cancer Discov; 3(12); 1404–15. ©2013 AACR.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1317
Increased Thin-Cap Neoatheroma and Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction in Drug-Eluting Stent Restenosis
Authors: Ali Ziad A. , Roleder Tomasz , Narula Jagat , Mohanty Bibhu D. , Baber Usman , Kovacic Jason C. , Mintz Gary S. , Otsuka Fumiyuki , Pan Stephen , Virmani Renu , Sharma Samin K. , Moreno Pedro , Kini Annapoorna S. 
Published: September 2013

Background—
Re-endothelialization is delayed after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. In this setting, neointima is more prone to become lipid laden and develop neoatherosclerosis (NA), potentially increasing plaque vulnerability.

Methods and Results—

Optical coherence tomography and near-infrared spectroscopy with intravascular ultrasound were used to characterize NA in 65 (51 DES and 14 bare-metal stents) consecutive symptomatic patients with in-stent restenosis. Median duration poststent implantation was 33 months. Optical coherence tomography–verified NA was observed in 40 stents with in-stent restenosis (62%), was more prevalent in DES than bare-metal stents (68% versus 36%;
P
=0.02), and demonstrated significantly higher prevalence of thin-cap neoatheroma (47% versus 7%;
P
=0.01) in DES. Near-infrared spectroscopy assessment demonstrated that the total lipid core burden index (34 [interquartile range, 12–92] versus 9 [interquartile range, 0–32];
P
<0.001) and the density of lipid core burden index (lipid core burden index/4 mm, 144 [interquartile range, 60–285] versus 26 [interquartile range, 0–86];
P
<0.001) were higher in DES compared with bare-metal stents. Topographically, NA was classified as I (thin-cap NA), II (thick-cap NA), and III (peri-strut NA). Type I thin-cap neoatheroma was more common in DES (20% versus 3%;
P
=0.01) and in areas of the stented segment without significant in-stent restenosis (71%). Periprocedural myocardial infarction occurred only in DES (11 versus 0;
P
=0.05), of which 6 (55%) could be attributed to segments with >70% in-stent restenosis. By logistic regression, prior DES was the only independent predictor of both NA (odds ratio, 7.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.7–27;
P
=0.006) and periprocedural myocardial infarction (odds ratio, 1.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.1–2.4;
P
=0.05).

Conclusions—
In-stent thin-cap neoatheroma is more prevalent, is distributed more diffusely across the stented segment, and is associated with increased periprocedural myocardial infarction in DES compared with bare-metal stents. These findings support NA as a mechanism for late DES failure.
Physiological and Phenotypic Characteristics of Late Survivors of Tetralogy of Fallot Repair Who Are Free From Pulmonary Valve Replacement
Authors: Frigiola Alessandra , Hughes Marina , Turner Mark , Taylor Andrew , Marek Jan , Giardini Alessandro , Hsia Tain-Yen , Bull Kate 
Published: September 2013

Background—
Pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) after repair of tetralogy of Fallot is commonly required and is burdensome. Detailed anatomic and physiologic characteristics of survivors free from late PVR and with good exercise capacity are not well described in a literature focusing on the indications for PVR.

Methods and Results—

Survival and freedom from PVR were tracked in 1085 consecutive patients receiving standard tetralogy of Fallot repair in a single institution from 1964 to 2009. Of 152 total deaths, 100 occurred within the first postoperative year. Surviving patients between 10 and 50 years of age had an annual risk of death of 4 (confidence limit, 2.8–5.4) times that of normal contemporaries. To date, 189 patients have undergone secondary PVR at mean age of 20±13 years (36% of those alive at 40 years of age). A random sample of 50 survivors (age, 4–57 years) free from PVR underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance, echocardiography, and exercise testing. These patients had mildly dilated right ventricles (right ventricular end-diastolic volume=101±26 mL/m
2
) with good systolic function (right ventricular ejection fraction=59±7%). Most had exercise capacity within normal range (
z
peak

o
2
=−0.91±1.3;
z

e
/

co
2
=0.20±1.5). In patients >35 years of age with normal exercise capacity, there was mild residual right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (mean gradient, 24±13 mm Hg), pulmonary annulus diameters <0.5
z
, and unobstructed branch pulmonary arteries.

Conclusions—

An important proportion of patients require PVR late after tetralogy of Fallot repair. Patients surviving to 35 years of age without PVR and with a normal exercise capacity may have had a definitive primary repair; their right ventricular outflow tracts are characterized by mild residual obstruction and pulmonary annulus diameter <0.5
z
.
Perceived barriers to optimum nutrition among congregate (sheltered) housing residents in the USA
Authors: Mahadevan Meena , Hartwell Heather , Feldman Charles , Raines Emily 
Published: September 2013

Objective: Malnutrition, secondary to decreased food intake, is a public health problem of epidemic proportions among older adults in the United States of America (USA). Compared to community-dwelling senior citizens, congregate (sheltered) housing residents are found to be frailer, with documented deficiencies in several major and minor nutrients, and associated health complications. While studies have quantified these problems, translational research examining the perceived factors influencing their daily food habits is lacking. Design: Using a qualitative approach, this study was undertaken to further and enhance understanding of this complex, under-researched area, and to form the basis for better nutritional management of this group. Setting: Participants ( n = 46) were convenience sampled from four sheltered housing settings located in the suburbs of northern New Jersey, USA. Method: Data were collected using a brief demographic questionnaire, and a focus group guide designed utilizing constructs derived from socio-ecological theory. Results: Content analysis of the transcripts identified several themes suggesting that a repertoire of individual, interpersonal, and organizational factors may serve as barriers to optimum nutritional health among residents. With an emphasis on utilizing their perspectives to explain and interpret behaviour, the qualitative approach adopted offered a perfect vehicle for shifting the focus from measuring dietary outcomes to clarifying how participants arrive at the decisions they made. Conclusion: This study is a step forward in providing the empirical foundations necessary to design a comprehensive intervention with effective strategies to motivate and encourage sheltered housing residents to make healthier food choices and improve their overall health.
Aortopulmonary window: a single institution surgical experience
Authors: Naik Abhijeet V , Salvi Prasanna , Mhatre Amit , Soomar Sanah Merchant , Joshi Suresh 
Published: September 2013

Background Aortopulmonary window is a rare cardiac anomaly. We report our experience with this rare lesion and highlight the criteria for treating this defect without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods From May 2007 to April 2012, 10 patients, aged 1 to 10 months and weighing 3.4 to 5.5 kg, were operated on by a single surgeon using both off-pump and standard techniques. All patients underwent preoperative and postoperative echocardiographic assessment, and were followed up with clinical examinations and echocardiography. Results There was no operative death and all patients were alive at the last follow-up. No major morbidities were noted. Two cases were operated on off-pump and they had shorter intensive care unit stays. All patients were in New York Heart Association class I on follow-up, with no residual shunt noted in follow-up echocardiograms. Conclusions The surgical closure of aortopulmonary window carries a low surgical risk. Early surgical closure prevents the development of pulmonary vascular disease and achieves good immediate and long-term outcomes. Off-pump repair techniques, when used judiciously, have a place in the treatment of this defect.
Predictive value of procalcitonin for excluding bloodstream infection: Results of a retrospective study and utility of a rapid, quantitative test for procalcitonin
Authors: Wang Huan , Yin Fan , Shen Ding-Xia , Zhang You-Jiang , Luo Yan-Ping , Liu Chao-Jun , Wang Kai-fei , Zhou Guang , Ye Li-Yan , Chen Gang , Wang Xiao-Ning 
Published: September 2013

Objectives To assess retrospectively the diagnostic value of procalcitonin (PCT) in excluding suspected bloodstream infection, establish cut-off values for PCT levels, and compare PCT with other clinical markers. Methods The predictive accuracy of different continuous parameters was estimated by univariate analysis of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Optimized cut-off points for the parameters were selected according to the maximum Youden index values, which in turn were used to define positive and negative predictive values of different parameters in diagnosing bloodstream infection. Results The PCT level yielded a statistically significant area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.765, with a best cut-off value of 0.80 ng/ml (83% sensitivity; 65% specificity, Youden index, J = 0.48). Positive and negative predictive values at this cut-off value were 38% and 94%, respectively. Mann–Whitney U-test revealed significantly higher values for PCT, C-reactive protein and percentage of neutrophils, but not for white blood cell count, in patients with bloodstream infection. Conclusions The serum PCT level can potentially be used as surrogate marker to exclude bacteraemia and to inform critical management decisions regarding antibiotic usage, in patients admitted with suspected bloodstream infection.
Concomitant occurrence of different trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias: A case series and review of the literature
Authors: Totzeck Andreas , Diener Hans-Christoph , Gaul Charly 
Published: September 2013

Introduction The trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) subsume four primary headache disorders. Hemicrania continua is increasingly regarded as an additional TAC. In rare cases patients may present with two different TACs or a TAC and hemicrania continua. Cases We report four patients with two different TACs or one TAC and hemicrania continua. Two patients presented with cluster headache and paroxysmal hemicrania, one patient with cluster headache and hemicrania continua, and one patient suffered from cluster headache and SUNCT. Discussion While the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-II) proposes specific diagnostic criteria, the variability of clinical presentation may make clear diagnosis difficult. All patients fulfilled the ICHD-II criteria. The manifestation of two different TACs or hemicrania continua in one patient is uncommon but possible and should be taken into account especially when chronic headache patients present with changing headache symptoms.