bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The King's Five Bodies:
Authors: Wariboko Nimi 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Inspired by Jacob Olupona's important book, I provide an account of the Yorùbá political theology of sovereign flesh by examining the “five bodies” of the Ooni of Ifẹ̀. I then correlate the king's five bodies with the five dimensions of the Ifá divination tray and also deploy them to formulate principles of interreligious dialogue between Pentecostalism and traditional religion.
As You Like It:
Authors: Farrar Ryan 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACT
This essay argues how Utopian thought can serve as a useful method for analyzing the plays of William Shakespeare, using As You Like It as an example. As a pastoral comedy, As You Like It features the Forest of Arden as a setting that is described as fostering values that are associated with the utopian visions of the sixteenth century. However, while characters such as Duke Senior celebrate the culture of Arden's brave new world, the behaviors of his men and the antics of Jacques and Touchstone call the utopian status of the forest into question. In this essay, I examine very carefully how Shakespeare dramatizes the problems facing the utopian imagination during the Elizabethan era through the conflicts of each character's attitude.
Pop Goes Utopia:
Authors: Hanson Carter F. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACT
When dance music cultures converge and start to gain cultural momentum, they tend to produce utopian impulses. Well-documented historical examples such as early underground disco and hip-hop communities, as well as contemporary underground rave collectives, demonstrate that localized dance music cultures can generate viable utopian aspirations and even progress. But can mainstream electronic dance pop that aims for mass audiences and wide radio airplay also produce utopian impulses or explore utopian possibilities in a meaningful way? This article examines the recent explosion in popularity of electronic dance pop (2009–11) as a response to the global economic recession. Many recent dance hits imagine utopian environments of blissful release by narrating the interaction among dancers, the DJ, and the dance floor. I argue that the confines of the pop radio format prevent this type of dance hit from fully harnessing the capacity of electronic dance music for utopian expression. To assert the possibility of commercial dance pop engaging critically with utopian potentialities and transcending the sensualist utopianism featured in most mainstream hits, I examine the recent dance pop of the Pet Shop Boys, which displays a wide-ranging concern with utopianism as social dreaming as opposed to the physical pursuit of jouissance.
CLÁUSULA GERAL E SEGURANÇA JURÍDICA NO CÓDIGO CIVIL
Authors: Nalin Paulo 
Published: October 2014

O trabalho enfrenta a polêmica técnica de cláusulas gerais, à qual recorre o CódigoCivil em vigor, em suas partes nucleares. A problemática segue na abordagem dodesenvolvimento da técnica legislativa em questão, em face da operação do Código, num plano ético das relações jurídicas. Ao se tratar da operação do novo texto civil, passa-se à análise do (renovado) papel do juiz por força do Código, verticalizando-se o tema, ao final, na abordagem da fundamentação das decisões judiciais, em homenagem à manutenção da segurança jurídica.
DA ASCESE À DISCIPLINA: A ÉTICA PROTESTANTE E A CONSTITUIÇÃO DO SUJEITO CAPITALISTA
Authors: Guandalini Jr. Walter 
Published: October 2014

Após examinar os pontos de vista de Max Weber e Michel Foucault sobre oprocesso de formação do “sujeito capitalista”, descarta-se a hipótese weberiana de “seleção econômica” dos indivíduos mais adaptados ao modo de produção capitalista. Defende-se a posição de Foucault, parà quem essa espécie de indivíduos não é selecionada, mas construída por mecanismos que visam à constituição de sujeitos passíveis de apropriação pelo aparelho de produção com o mínimo de gastos políticos e econômicos e o máximo de aproveitamento produtivo. Essa tarefa não se realiza sem uma rede de poderes, estratégias e instituições que se apropriam dos corpos dos indivíduos e regulam suas condutas, ressaltando-se o papel desempenhado pelo Direito nesse processo.
Structure of Hormaomycin, a Naturally Occurring Cyclic Octadepsipeptide, in the Crystal
Authors: Gruene Tim , Sheldrick George M. , Zlatopolskiy Boris D. , Kozhushkov Sergei I. , de Meijere Armin 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The structure of hormaomycin has been determined in two crystals grown under different conditions, i. e. in the absence and in the presence of magnesium chloride. In both crystals, the macrocyclic hexadepsipeptide assumes a rather flat conformation, and the dipeptide side chain resides in the same equatorial plane. This is a significant difference in comparison with the compact bent conformation of hormaomycin in solution, as previously determined by an extensive NMR study
Electronic Structure, Chemical Bonding and Electrochemical Characterization of Li2CuSn2 and Li2AgSn2
Authors: Schirmer Niels , Winter Florian , Matar Samir F. , Balducci Andrea , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Polycrystalline samples of the stannides Li2CuSn2 and Li2AgSn2 were obtained by high-frequency melting of the elements in sealed niobium ampoules in a water-cooled sample chamber. Both stannides crystallize with the tetragonal Li2AuSn2 type, space group I41/amd. They are characterized by three-dimensional [CuSn2]δ-, respectively [AgSn2]δ- networks which leave large channels for the lithium ions. Electronic structure calculations show extensive filling of the transition metal d bands and residual DOS at the Fermi energy, compatible with metallic character. Calculated Bader charges and the course of the crystal orbital overlap population curves fully support the bonding picture of cationic lithium and a covalently bonded polyanionic network with considerable charge transfer to both, transition metal and tin atoms. Electrochemical investigations have indicated that a reversible insertion and extraction of lithium into the stannides is taking place in the voltage range between 0 and 2:5 V vs. Li=Li+. From CV measurements, the diffusion coefficents of Li2CuSn2 and Li2AgSn2 were estimated to be in the order of 10-14 cm2 s-1
Synthesis and Crystal Structures of New 1,4-Disubstituted 1,2,4-Triazoline-5-thiones
Authors: Laus Gerhard , Kahlenberg Volker , Wurst Klaus , Schottenberger Herwig 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Introduction of sulfur into the 5-position of 1,4-disubstituted quaternary 1,2,4-triazolium salts (1-9; Cl, Br, I, BF4, PF6, CH3OSO3 were used as anions) by two methods was investigated. The syntheses of nine 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,4-triazoline-5-thiones 10-18 are reported (1, 10: R1 = CH3, R2 = CH3; 2, 11: R1 = NH2, R2 = CH3; 3, 12: R1 = NH2, R2 = CH(CH3)2; 4, 13: R1 = N(CH3)2, R2 = CH3; 5, 14: R1 = N(CH3)2, R2 = CH(CH3)2; 6, 15: R1 = CH3, R2 = NH2; 7, 16: R1 = OCH2Ph, R2 = CH3; 8, 17: R1 = OCH2Ph, R2 = CH2CH3; 9, 18: R1 = CH3, R2 = CH2Ph). Compounds 11-17 represent 1-amino, 4-amino, 4-dimethylamino, and 4-benzyloxy-1,2,4-triazoline-5- thiones, whereas 10 served as a reference compound. Thione 18 was identified as an unexpected by-product in the synthesis of 16 and was also prepared independently. Thermolysis of 10 in air gave 1,4-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolium hydrogensulfate. Crystal structures of eight 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,4- triazoline-5-thiones were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Intermolecular hydrogen bonds (C-H···S, C-H···N, N-H···N, N-H···S) were observed in the solid state. The solvent-dependent 1H NMR chemical shifts of signals of 10 and 13 were satisfactorily correlated with the Kamlet- Abboud-Taft π* and b parameters in ten solvents. From the lack of correlation with the a parameter and from the C=S bond length (average 1.67 Å) a significant contribution of a mesoionic imidazolium-2-thiolate resonance structure seems unlikely
Select Biomarkers for Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract: Present and Future
Authors: Bartley Angela N. , Hamilton Stanley R. 
Published: October 2014

ContextAdvances in molecular biomarkers of the gastrointestinal tract have contributed to a decline in the incidence of and mortality from diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The discovery and clinical validation of new biomarkers are important to personalized cancer therapy, and numerous clinical trials are currently ongoing to help identify individualized therapy affecting these biomarkers and molecular mechanisms they represent. Distinct molecular pathways leading to cancers of the colorectum, esophagus, stomach, small bowel, and pancreas have been identified. Using biomarkers in these pathways to direct patient care, including selection of proper molecular testing for identification of actionable mutations and reporting the results of these biomarkers to guide clinicians and genetic counselors, is paramount.ObjectiveTo examine and review select clinically actionable biomarkers of the colon, esophagus, stomach, small bowel, and pancreas, including present and future biomarkers with relevant clinical trials.Data SourcesExtensive literature review and practical and consultation experience of the authors.ConclusionsAlthough numerous biomarkers have been identified and are currently guiding patient therapy, few have shown evidence of clinical utility in the management of patients with gastrointestinal cancers. Inconsistent results and discordant proposed algorithms for testing were identified throughout the literature; however, the potential for biomarkers to improve outcomes for patients with gastrointestinal cancer remains high. Continued advances through high-quality studies are needed.
Caddoan Archaeology on the High Plains: A Conceptual Nexus of Bison, Lodges, Maize, and Rock Art
Authors: Huffman Thomas N. , Earley Frank Lee 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe Wallace site is a thirteenth-century hamlet of rectangular lodges, situated on a bluff near Pueblo, Colorado. Commonly attributed to the Apishapa phase, it is more likely affiliated to the Upper Republican cluster, and so the people most likely spoke Northern Caddoan. Because of this identity, we use Pawnee ethnography to interpret the organization of space and spatial distribution of artifacts, including a rock art chamber below the bluff. This chamber followed the spatial layout of a lodge with a double entrance: a West Unit contained shield-bearing warriors associated with dreams and visions that provided supernatural power for low-level warfare, while the East Unit emphasized geometric images that most likely referred to the cosmológical origins of humanity. The art and artifacts show that the ideology of the domestic economy emphasized bison hunting and maize farming, and was associated respectively with doctors and priests.
Évaluation de L'efficacité D'un Programme De Prévention Des Grossesses à L'adolescence: Sexprimer Pour Une Sexualité Responsable
Authors: Bilodeau Angèle , Forget Gilles , Tétreault Jeanne 
Published: October 2014

L'augmentation constante des grossesses è l'adolescence observée au Québec au cours de la dernière décennie et leur concentration en milieu de pauvreté ont conduit è l'expérimentation du projet Sexprimer, pour une sexualité responsable auprès d'élèves de troisième et quatrième secondaires de trois écoles de Montréal, de 1987 è 1991. Sexprimer est un programme multifactoriel et intersectoriel de promotion d'une sexualité responsable et de prévention des grossesses è l'adolescence qui propose trois axes d'intervention réalisés concuremment: un programme éducatif, un soutien clinique adapté, et un programme de soutien de la communication parents/adolescents. L'évaluation, réalisée è l'aide d'un devis quasi-expérimental auprès des adolescents (n = 732) et leurs parents, démontre la capacité de l'intervention è accroitre, chez les adolescents, la connaissance des méthodes contraceptives et des ressources cliniques, ainsi que le recours è la consultation clinique, et è induire des comportements préventifs chez les filles qui deviennent actives sexuellement au cours du projet. Chez les parents, on note une amélioration de l'attention parentale et de la communication avec leurs adolescents sur la sexualité et la contraception, effets qui se maintiennent quatre mois après la fin de l'intervention.
Slow translation speed causes rapid collapse of northeast Pacific Hurricane Kenneth over cold core eddy
Authors: Walker Nan D. , Leben Robert R. , Pilley Chet T. , Shannon Michael , Herndon Derrick C. , Pun Iam‐Fei , Lin I.‐I. , Gentemann Chelle L. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractCategory 4 Hurricane Kenneth (HK) experienced unpredicted rapid weakening when it stalled over a cold core eddy (CCE) on 19–20 September 2005, 2800 km SE of Hawaii. Maximum sea surface temperature (SST) cooling of 8–9°C and a minimum aerially averaged SST of 18.3°C (over 8750 km2) characterized its cool wake. A 3‐D mixed‐layer model enabled estimation of enthalpy fluxes (latent and sensible heat), as well as the relative importance of slow translation speed (Uh) compared with the preexisting CCE. As Uh dropped below 1.5 m s−1, enthalpy fluxes became negative, cutting off direct ocean energy flux to HK. Although HK's weakening was attributed to wind shear, our results indicate that slow Uh and consequent intense SST cooling were the main causes. The tropical cyclone‐intensified CCE experienced rapid growth in magnitude (−6 to −40 cm), increased diameter (60 to 350 km), elevated chlorophyll a for 4 months, and 12 month longevity.
Under what circumstances does a seismogenic patch produce aseismic transients in the later interseismic period?
Authors: Noda H. , Hori T. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWhether aseismic transients occur as the next earthquake approaches or not is an important problem in the area of disaster mitigation by geophysical observation. We conducted a series of rate‐state (aging law) earthquake sequence simulations with inertial effects and revealed that A/B (direct effect/evolution effect) is a key parameter controlling the complexity of interseismic behavior in a seismogenic patch. Interseismically, a creep front invades a locked patch. If A/B≤0.4, nucleation takes place as soon as the linear stability of the coherent creep is violated, and no significant aseismic transient occurs. If A/B≥0.4, nucleation size is given by the energy balance criterion, and if A/B≥0.6, aseismic transients occur after the violation of linear stability and before the creeping region is able to host the nucleation. Thus, not only A − B but also A/B must be selected carefully to obtain realistic results in numerical simulations.
Impacts of modified Richards equation on RegCM4 regional climate modeling over East Asia
Authors: Yu Yan , Xie Zhenghui , Zeng Xubin 
Published: October 2014

AbstractTo remove the deficiency of the numerical solution of the mass conservation‐based Richards equation for soil moisture in a regional climate model (RegCM4 with its land surface component Community Land Model 3.5 (CLM3.5)), a revised numerical algorithm that is used in CLM4.5 is implemented into CLM3.5. Compared with in situ measurements, the modified numerical method improves the ground water table depth simulations in RegCM4. It also improves the temporal and spatial variability of soil moisture to some extent. Its impact on simulated summer precipitation is mixed, with improvements over three subregions in China but with increased errors in three other subregions. The impact on the simulated summer temperature is relatively small (with the mean biases changed by less than 10% over most subregions). The evapotranspiration differences between modified and control land‐atmosphere coupled simulations are enhanced over the northwest subregion and Tibetan Plateau compared to offline simulations due to land surface feedbacks to the atmosphere (in coupled simulations). Similarly the soil moisture differences in coupled simulations are geographically different from those in offline simulations over the eastern monsoon area. The summer precipitation differences between modified and control coupled simulations are found to be explained by the differences of both surface evapotranspiration and large‐scale water vapor flux convergence which have opposite signs over the northwest subregion and Tibetan Plateau but have the same signs over other subregions.
A multidimensional stability model for predicting shallow landslide size and shape across landscapes
Authors: Milledge David G. , Bellugi Dino , McKean Jim A. , Densmore Alexander L. , Dietrich William E. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe size of a shallow landslide is a fundamental control on both its hazard and geomorphic importance. Existing models are either unable to predict landslide size or are computationally intensive such that they cannot practically be applied across landscapes. We derive a model appropriate for natural slopes that is capable of predicting shallow landslide size but simple enough to be applied over entire watersheds. It accounts for lateral resistance by representing the forces acting on each margin of potential landslides using earth pressure theory and by representing root reinforcement as an exponential function of soil depth. We test our model's ability to predict failure of an observed landslide where the relevant parameters are well constrained by field data. The model predicts failure for the observed scar geometry and finds that larger or smaller conformal shapes are more stable. Numerical experiments demonstrate that friction on the boundaries of a potential landslide increases considerably the magnitude of lateral reinforcement, relative to that due to root cohesion alone. We find that there is a critical depth in both cohesive and cohesionless soils, resulting in a minimum size for failure, which is consistent with observed size‐frequency distributions. Furthermore, the differential resistance on the boundaries of a potential landslide is responsible for a critical landslide shape which is longer than it is wide, consistent with observed aspect ratios. Finally, our results show that minimum size increases as approximately the square of failure surface depth, consistent with observed landslide depth‐area data.
Exploration of discrepancy between radar and gauge rainfall estimates driven by wind fields
Authors: Dai Qiang , Han Dawei 
Published: October 2014

AbstractDue to the fact that weather radar is prone to several sources of errors, it is acknowledged that adjustment against ground observations such as rain gauges is crucial for radar measurement. Spatial matching of precipitation patterns between radar and rain gauge is a significant premise in radar bias corrections. It is a conventional way to construct radar‐gauge pairs based on their vertical locations. However, due to the wind effects, the raindrops observed by the radar do not always fall vertically to the ground, and the raindrops arriving at the ground may not all be caught by the rain gauge. This study proposes a fully formulated scheme to numerically simulate the movement of raindrops in a three‐dimensional wind field in order to adjust the wind‐induced errors. The Brue catchment (135 km2) in Southwest England covering 28 radar pixels and 49 rain gauges is an experimental catchment, where the radar central beam height varies between 500 and 700 m. The 20 typical events (with durations of 6–36 h) are chosen to assess the correlation between hourly radar and gauge rainfall surfaces. It is found that for most events, the improved rates of correlation coefficients are greater than 10%, and nearly half of the events increase by 20%. With the proposed method, except four events, all the event‐averaged correlation values are greater than 0.5. This work is the first study to tackle both wind effects on radar and rain gauges, which could be considered as one of the essential components in processing radar observational data in its hydrometeorological applications.
Tunable Brønsted Acidity‐Dependent Alkylation and Alkenylation of Indoles
Authors: Wu Kaikai , Wu Ping , Wang Liandi , Chen Jiping , Sun Chenglin , Yu Zhengkun 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe Brønsted acid‐mediated alkylation and alkenylation of indoles were efficiently achieved by means of 3‐(dimethylamino)acrylonitrile. Regulating the acidity of the reaction medium with para‐toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (p‐TsOH⋅H2O) and/or acetic acid (HOAc) led to versatile formation of 3‐alkylated and 3‐alkenylated indole derivatives under mild conditions. The 3‐alkylated indole products could be nearly quantitatively transformed to the corresponding separable (E)‐ and (Z)‐3‐alkenylated indoles.magnified image
Synthesis of Conducting Polymer/Zinc Sulfide Nanocomposite Films and Investigation of Their Electrochemical and Morphological Properties
Authors: TURAC ERSEN , SAHMETLIOGLU ERTUGRUL , GOKTURK ERSEN 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTPolypyrrole–zinc sulfide (PPy‐ZnS) and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)–zinc sulfide (PEDOT–ZnS) composite films were synthesized and characterized. Their electrochemical behaviors were investigated. The synthesis of PPy‐ZnS and PEDOT‐ZnS composite films was carried out by electropolymerization of pyrrole and 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene in the presence of ZnS nanoparticles dispersed in the electrolytic solution. The structures of the PPy–ZnS and PEDOT–ZnS composite films were characterized by the use of scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and UV–vis spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry was used to determine the electrochemical behavior of the resulting materials. The Energy Dispersive X‐Ray mapping (EDX mapping) method was used to detect the existence of Zn and S ions on PPy‐ZnS and the Zn ion on PEDOT‐ZnS composite films. A four‐probe technique was used to measure the conductivity of PPy–ZnS and PEDOT–ZnS composite films along with PPy and PEDOT.
One‐Nanometer‐Precision Control of Al2O3 Nanoshells through a Solution‐Based Synthesis Route
Authors: Zhang Wei , Chi Zi‐Xiang , Mao Wen‐Xin , Lv Rong‐Wen , Cao An‐Min , Wan Li‐Jun 
Published: October 2014

AbstractForming uniform metal oxide nanocoatings is a well‐known challenge in the construction of core–shell type nanomaterials. Herein, by using buffer solution as a specific reaction medium, we demonstrate the possibility to grow thin nanoshells of metal oxides, typically Al2O3, on different kinds of core materials, forming a uniform surface‐coating layer with thicknesses achieving one nanometer precision. The application of this methodology for the surface modification of LiCoO2 shows that a thin nanoshell of Al2O3 can be readily tuned on the surface for an optimized battery performance.
A Twisting Electronic Nanoswitch Made of DNA
Authors: Huang Yu Chuan , Sen Dipankar 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSingle‐stranded DNAs and RNAs that are rich in the nucleobase guanine form four‐stranded G‐quadruplexes, which are held together by hydrogen‐bonded guanine quartets. In aqueous solution, both DNA duplexes and G‐quadruplexes are modest conductors of electrical charge. A tight, topologically constrained DNA construct called twDNA is now reported, in which a core of four guanine‐rich single strands structurally and electronically links together four DNA double helices. The addition and removal of K+ or Sr2+ cations promote alternative conformers of twDNA, which have strikingly distinct electronic properties. Unlike DNA mechano‐electronic switches that require large conformational changes, twDNA requires only modest twisting/untwisting structural attenuations to achieve electronic switching.