bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemodynamic effects of Purkinje potential pacing in the left ventricular endocardium in patients with advanced heart failure
Authors: Hamaoka Mamoru , Mine Takanao , Kodani Takeshi , Kishima Hideyuki , Mitsuno Masataka , Masuyama Tohru 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackgroundVarious difficulties can occur in patients who undergo cardiac resynchronization therapy for drug‐refractory heart failure with respect to placement of the left ventricular (LV) lead, because of anatomical features, pacing thresholds, twitching, or pacing lead anchoring, possibly requiring other pacing sites. The goal of this study was to determine whether Purkinje potential (PP) pacing could provide better hemodynamics in patients with left bundle branch block and heart failure than biventricular (BiV) pacing.MethodsEleven patients with New York Heart Association functional class II or III heart failure despite optimal medical therapy were selected for this study. All patients underwent left‐ and right‐sided cardiac catheterization for measurement of LV functional parameters in the control state during BiV and PP pacing.ResultsMaximum dP/dt increased during BiV and PP pacing when compared with control measurements. This study compared parameters measured during BiV pacing with PP pacing and non‐paced beats as the control state in each patient (717±171 mmHg/s vs. 917±191 mmHg/s, p<0.05; and 921±199 mmHg/s, p<0.005); however, the difference between PP pacing and BiV pacing was not significant. There was no difference in heart rate, electrocardiographic wave complex duration, minimum dP/dt, left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure, left ventricular end‐systolic pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, or cardiac index when comparing BiV pacing and PP pacing to control measurements.ConclusionsThe hemodynamic outcome of PP pacing was comparable to that of BiV pacing in patients with advanced heart failure.
Slap Lesions in Middle-aged Patients: Biceps Repair or Tenodesis? What Should We Perform for Long Biceps Tendon?
Authors: Sergi Sastre , Guillem Claret , Lluis Peidro , Lluis Lozano , Miguel Caballero 
Published: July 2015

Background/Purpose Superior labrum anterior and posterior (SLAP) lesion repair poses a significant discussion due to its high failure rate. The purpose of this study was to determine in which indications it is better to perform a tenodesis than a straight anatomical repair. The hypothesis was that in middle-aged patients and in those who did not suffer from a traumatic lesion, it is better to perform a long biceps tendon (LBT) tenodesis than a straight anatomical repair. Methods A total of 22 patients between the ages of 19 years and 55 years who underwent SLAP lesion repair between 2007 and 2011 were reviewed. The cases were divided into the following two groups: those with an isolated SLAP lesion (15 patients) and those with both a SLAP and a Bankart lesion (7 patients). This was a level IV longitudinal and retrospective study. Results Eight patients had persistent postoperative pain, which required to be revised from an anatomical repair to an LBT tenodesis. All of these patients were in the isolated SLAP lesion group. The average time between primary surgery and revision was 21.6 months. Patients over the age of 45 years had significantly poorer results after the repair. Conclusion Biceps tenodesis is a feasible therapeutic alternative to anatomical repair for the treatment of SLAP lesions in middle-aged patients; the reinsertion failure rates for this type of lesion are rather discouraging due to the high percentage of revision surgeries that must be carried out after the primary intervention.
Phosphorylation of FE65 Ser610 by serum- and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 modulates Alzheimer's disease amyloid precursor protein processing
Authors: Chow Wan Ning Vanessa , Ngo Jacky Chi Ki , Li Wen , Chen Yu Wai , Tam Ka Ming Vincent , Chan Ho Yin Edwin , Miller Christopher C.J. , Lau Kwok-Fai 
Published: July 2015

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting 36 million people worldwide. Genetic and biochemical research indicate that the excessive generation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) from amyloid precursor protein (APP), is a major part of AD pathogenesis. FE65 is a brain-enriched adaptor protein that binds to APP. However, the role of FE65 in APP processing and the mechanisms that regulate binding of FE65 to APP are not fully understood. In the present study, we show that serum- and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 (SGK1) phosphorylates FE65 on Ser610 and that this phosphorylation attenuates FE65 binding to APP. We also show that FE65 promotes amyloidogenic processing of APP and that FE65 Ser610 phosphorylation inhibits this effect. Furthermore, we found that the effect of FE65 Ser610 phosphorylation on APP processing is linked to a role of FE65 in metabolic turnover of APP via the proteasome. Thus FE65 influences APP degradation via the proteasome and phosphorylation of FE65 Ser610 by SGK1 regulates binding of FE65 to APP, APP turnover and processing.
Acyl carrier protein is a bacterial cytoplasmic target of cationic antimicrobial peptide LL-37
Authors: Chung Myung-Chul , Dean Scott N. , van Hoek Monique L. 
Published: July 2015

In addition to membrane disruption, the cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (AMP) LL-37 translocates through the bacterial inner membrane to target intracellular molecules. The present study aims to identify an alternate mechanism and a cytoplasmic target of LL-37 in Francisella. LL-37 binding proteins from Francisella novicida U112 bacterial lysates were precipitated by using biotinylated LL-37 (B-LL-37) and NeutrAvidin-agarose beads. Bound proteins were identified by LC–MS/MS, validated and characterized by bead pull-down assays and differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF). The cationic AMP (CAMP) LL-37 was able to interact with Francisella cytoplasmic acyl carrier protein (AcpP; FTN1340/FTT1376). Further study confirmed that LL-37 peptide could bind to AcpP and that the sheep cathelicidin SMAP-29 (Sheep Myeloid Antimicrobial Peptide 29) further increased LL-37 binding to AcpP, suggesting a synergistic effect of SMAP-29 on the binding. LL-37 could also bind to both AcpP of Escherichia coli and Bacillus anthracis, implying a mechanism of broad action of LL-37-AcpP binding. Overexpression of the acpP gene in F. novicida led to an increase in LL-37 susceptibility. LL-37 binding to AcpP changed the fatty acid composition profiles. Taken together, we identified a novel cytoplasmic target of LL-37 in Francisella, suggesting a mechanism of action of this peptide beyond membrane permeabilization. Our findings highlight a novel mechanism of antimicrobial activity of this peptide and document a previously unexplored target of α-helical CAMPs.
The miRNA miR-34a enhances HIV-1 replication by targeting PNUTS/PPP1R10, which negatively regulates HIV-1 transcriptional complex formation
Authors: Kapoor Richa , Arora Sakshi , Ponia Sanket S. , Kumar Binod , Maddika Subbareddy , Banerjea Akhil C. 
Published: July 2015

HIV-1 relies heavily on the host cellular machinery for its replication. During infection, HIV-1 is known to modulate the host-cell miRNA profile. One of the miRNAs, miR-34a, is up-regulated by HIV-1 in T-cells as suggested by miRNA microarray studies. However, the functional consequences and the mechanism behind this phenomenon were not explored. The present study shows that HIV-1 enhances miR-34a in a time-dependent manner in T-cells. Our overexpression and knockdown-based experimental results suggest that miR-34a promotes HIV-1 replication in T-cells. Hence, there is a positive feedback loop between miR-34a and HIV-1 replication. We show that the mechanism of action of miR-34a in HIV-1 replication involves a cellular protein, the phosphatase 1 nuclear-targeting subunit (PNUTS). PNUTS expression levels decrease with the progression of HIV-1 infection in T-cells. Also, the overexpression of PNUTS potently inhibits HIV-1 replication in a dose-dependent manner. We report for the first time that PNUTS negatively regulates HIV-1 transcription by inhibiting the assembly of core components of the transcription elongation factor P-TEFb, i.e. cyclin T1 and CDK9. Thus, HIV-1 increases miR-34a expression in cells to overcome the inhibitory effect of PNUTS on HIV-1 transcription. So, the present study provides new mechanistic details with regard to our understanding of a complex interplay between miR-34a and the HIV-1 transcription machinery involving PNUTS.
RxnSim: a tool to compare biochemical reactions
Authors: Giri Varun , Sivakumar Tadi Venkata , Cho Kwang Myung , Kim Tae Yong , Bhaduri Anirban 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Summary : Quantitative assessment of chemical reaction similarity aids database searches, classification of reactions and identification of candidate enzymes. Most methods evaluate reaction similarity based on chemical transformation patterns. We describe a tool, RxnSim, which computes reaction similarity based on the molecular signatures of participating molecules. The tool is able to compare reactions based on similarities of substrates and products in addition to their transformation. It allows masking of user-defined chemical moieties for weighted similarity computations.
Availability and implementation: RxnSim is implemented in R and is freely available from the Comprehensive R Archive Network, CRAN (http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/RxnSim/).
Contact: anirban.b@samsung.com or ty76.kim@samsung.com
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Disparities in the use of a mHealth medication adherence promotion intervention for low-income adults with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Nelson Lyndsay A , Mulvaney Shelagh A , Gebretsadik Tebeb , Ho Yun-Xian , Johnson Kevin B , Osborn Chandra Y 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Objective Mobile health (mHealth) interventions may improve diabetes outcomes, but require engagement. Little is known about what factors impede engagement, so the authors examined the relationship between patient factors and engagement in an mHealth medication adherence promotion intervention for low-income adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Materials and Methods Eighty patients with T2DM participated in a 3-month mHealth intervention called MEssaging for Diabetes that leveraged a mobile communications platform. Participants received daily text messages addressing and assessing medication adherence, and weekly interactive automated calls with adherence feedback and questions for problem solving. Longitudinal repeated measures analyses assessed the relationship between participants’ baseline characteristics and the probability of engaging with texts and calls.
Results On average, participants responded to 84.0% of texts and participated in 57.1% of calls. Compared to Whites, non-Whites had a 63% decreased relative odds (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.37, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.19-0.73) of participating in calls. In addition, lower health literacy was associated with a decreased odds of participating in calls (AOR = 0.67, 95% CI, 0.46-0.99, P = .04), whereas older age ( Pnonlinear = .01) and more depressive symptoms (AOR = 0.62, 95% CI, 0.38-1.02, P = .059) trended toward a decreased odds of responding to texts.
Conclusions Racial/ethnic minorities, older adults, and persons with lower health literacy or more depressive symptoms appeared to be the least engaged in a mHealth intervention. To facilitate equitable intervention impact, future research should identify and address factors interfering with mHealth engagement.
Molecular Detection and Characterization of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Among Patients Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia in the United States
Authors: Diaz Maureen H. , Benitez Alvaro J. , Cross Kristen E. , Hicks Lauri A. , Kutty Preeta , Bramley Anna M. , Chappell James D. , Hymas Weston , Patel Anami , Qi Chao , Williams Derek J. , Arnold Sandra R. , Ampofo Krow , Self Wesley H. , Grijalva Carlos G. , Anderson Evan J. , McCullers Jonathan A. , Pavia Andrew T. , Wunderink Richard G. , Edwards Kathryn M. , Jain Seema , Winchell Jonas M. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Background.  Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The molecular characteristics of M pneumoniae detected in patients hospitalized with CAP in the United States are poorly described.
Methods.  We performed molecular characterization of M pneumoniae in nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs from children and adults hospitalized with CAP in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Etiology of Pneumonia in the Community (EPIC) study, including P1 typing, multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA), and macrolide susceptibility genotyping.
Results.  Of 216 M pneumoniae polymerase chain reaction-positive specimens, 40 (18.5%) were obtained from adults and 176 (81.5%) from children. P1 type distribution differed between adults (64% type 1 and 36% type 2) and children (84% type 1, 13% type 2, and 3% variant) (P &lt; .05) and among sites (P &lt; .01). Significant differences in the proportions of MLVA types 4/5/7/2 and 3/5/6/2 were also observed by age group (P &lt; .01) and site (P &lt; .01). A macrolide-resistant genotype was ide.jpegied in 7 (3.5%) specimens, 5 of which were from patients who had recently received macrolide therapy. No significant differences in clinical characteristics were ide.jpegied among patients with various strain types or between macrolide-resistant and -sensitive M pneumoniae infections.
Conclusions.  The P1 type 1 genotype and MLVA type 4/5/7/2 predominated, but there were differences between children and adults and among sites. Macrolide resistance was rare. Differences in strain types did not appear to be associated with differences in clinical outcomes. Whole genome sequencing of M pneumoniae may help ide.jpegy better ways to characterize strains.
The Central Molecular Zone in H13CO+ and thermal SiO emission lines
Authors: Tsuboi Masato , Miyazaki Atsushi , Uehara Kenta 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
We present results from a high-resolution wide-field imaging observation of the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) in H13CO+J = 1–0 and SiO v = 0, J = 2–1 emission lines using the 45-m telescope at the Nobeyama Radio Observatory in order to depict the high-density molecular gas mass distribution and explore molecular gas affected by interstellar shocks. By using the clumpfind algorithm we identify 114 molecular clumps in the H13CO+ data cube. The clump mass function (CMF) can be described by a power law (dN/dM ∝ M−γ, with γ ≃ 2) in the range of 5 × 103 &lt; Mclump &lt; 2 × 104 M⊙. The brightness temperature ratio RT = T(SiO)/T(H13CO+) indicates the strength of the shock. The Sgr B2 complex has several expanding shell-like structures with a large velocity-width (ΔV &gt; 50 km s−1). They correspond to the high brightness temperature ratio area (RT ≲ 8). A Large Velocity Gradient model analysis with the RADEX program confirms the enhancement of SiO molecules in the shells. On the other hand, there is no such large shell with a high ratio in the Sgr A complex. A hollow hemispherical structure is found in the l–b–v data cube of the Sgr B2 complex. The central part of the structure has a high ratio (RT ≲ 8). The ratio decreases with proximity to the outer area. The properties are consistent with those expected from simulations of cloud–cloud collisions. The structure is probably a site of ongoing cloud–cloud collision.
The Skill Complementarity of Broadband Internet *
Authors: Akerman Anders , Gaarder Ingvil , Mogstad Magne 
Published: July 2015

AbstractDoes adoption of broadband internet in firms enhance labor productivity and increase wages? Is this technological change skill biased or factor neutral? We combine several Norwegian data sets to answer these questions. A public program with limited funding rolled out broadband access points and provides plausibly exogenous variation in the availability and adoption of broadband internet in firms. Our results suggest that broadband internet improves (worsens) the labor market outcomes and productivity of skilled (unskilled) workers. We explore several possible explanations for the skill complementarity of broadband internet. We find suggestive evidence that broadband adoption in firms complements skilled workers in executing nonroutine abstract tasks, and substitutes for unskilled workers in performing routine tasks. Taken together, our findings have important implications for the ongoing policy debate over government investment in broadband infrastructure to encourage productivity and wage growth.
Isoflurane Favorably Modulates Guanosine Triphosphate Cyclohydrolase-1 and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase during Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Rats
Authors: Baotic Ines , Weihrauch Dorothee , Procknow Jesse , Vasquez-Vivar Jeanette , Ge Zhi-Dong , Sudhakaran Shaan , Warltier David C. , Kersten Judy R. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAbstract
Anesthetic preconditioning favorably enhances gene expression in the nitric oxide biosynthetic pathway by upregulation of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase. The work identifies potential key regulatory points in nitric oxide biosynthesis that may determine clinically relevant sensitivity versus resistance to anesthetic preconditioning.

Background:
The authors investigated the hypothesis that isoflurane modulates nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and protection against myocardial infarction through time-dependent changes in expression of key NO regulatory proteins, guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase (GTPCH)-1, the rate-limiting enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).

Methods:
Myocardial infarct size, NO production (ozone-mediated chemiluminescence), GTPCH-1, and eNOS expression (real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and western blotting) were measured in male Wistar rats with or without anesthetic preconditioning (APC; 1.0 minimum alveolar concentration isoflurane for 30 min) and in the presence or absence of an inhibitor of GTPCH-1, 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine.

Results:
NO−
2 production (158 ± 16 and 150 ± 13 pmol/mg protein at baseline in control and APC groups, respectively) was significantly (P < 0.05) increased 1.5 ± 0.1 and 1.4 ± 0.1 fold by APC (n = 4) at 60 and 90 min of reperfusion, respectively, concomitantly, with increased expression of GTPCH-1 (1.3 ± 0.3 fold; n = 5) and eNOS (1.3 ± 0.2 fold; n = 5). In contrast, total NO (NO−
2 and NO−
3) was decreased after reperfusion in control experiments. Myocardial infarct size was decreased (43 ± 2% of the area at risk for infarction; n = 6) by APC compared with control experiments (57 ± 1%; n = 6). 2, 4-Diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine decreased total NO production at baseline (221 ± 25 and 175 ± 31 pmol/mg protein at baseline in control and APC groups, respectively), abolished isoflurane-induced increases in NO at reperfusion, and prevented reductions of myocardial infarct size by APC (60 ± 2%; n = 6).

Conclusion:
APC favorably modulated a NO biosynthetic pathway by up-regulating GTPCH-1 and eNOS, and this action contributed to protection of myocardium against ischemia and reperfusion injury.
Comparison of Rectus Femoris Transfer Surgery Done Concomitant With Hamstring Lengthening or Delayed in Patients With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Aiona Michael , Do K. Patrick , Feng Jing , Jabur Majid 
Published: July 2015

Background:
Children with spastic cerebral palsy frequently develop stiff knee gait. A common treatment of flexed knee gait is lengthening of the hamstring tendons. It has been shown that minimum knee extension improves after hamstring surgeries. However, it has been observed that a decreased peak knee flexion in swing may be a complication of hamstring lengthening (HSL). This has been noted to occur because of an overactive rectus femoris during the swing phase of gait. A common treatment of decreased knee flexion in swing is distal rectus femoris transfer (DRFT). The purpose of this study is to compare the differences between doing DRFT concomitantly with HSL and doing delayed DRFT after HSL.

Methods:
A total of 111 children with cerebral palsy (74 males and 37 females) who underwent HSL were reviewed retrospectively. All patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into 3 groups, 28 subjects in the HSL alone group (H), 57 subjects in the HSL with concomitant rectus femoris transfer group (C), and 26 subjects in the HSL with delayed rectus femoris transfer group (D).

Results:
The groups had similar minimum knee flexion in stance preoperatively and postoperatively. Group D’s minimum knee flexion in stance improved to 5.5±12.7 degrees after HSL, but increased to 8.8±11.6 degrees after DRFT. Groups D and H had statistically significant reduction in maximum knee flexion in swing after HSL (P<0.05). Maximum knee flexion in swing was statistically significantly reduced in the D group after DRFT (P<0.05), but the C group was not statistically different from preoperative after DRFT (P>0.05). The C and D groups had similar total knee excursion postoperatively. The H group had less knee excursion than the other 2 groups, but it was not significant.

Conclusions:
The group that had DRFT concomitantly with HSL maintained maximum knee flexion in swing phase postoperatively. Although the group that had delayed DRFT had a reduction in maximum knee flexion after isolated HSL, gains in swing phase motion were achieved after delayed DRFT (comparable to that of the simultaneous group).

Level of Evidence:
Level II.
Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods for the Management of Early-onset Scoliosis: A Preliminary Report
Authors: La Rosa Guido , Oggiano Leonardo , Ruzzini Laura 
Published: July 2015

Background:
A new method for the management of early-onset scoliosis (EOS) has been recently introduced: it consists of a magnetically controlled growing rod (MCGR) that allows gradual outpatient distractions under control of an external remote device. The aim of the present study is to present a series of 10 patients with EOS managed with MCGR (Ellipse TM MAGEC System, Irvine, CA).

Methods:
We implanted MCGR in 10 patients affected by EOS. Scoliosis and kyphosis angles, T1-T12 and T1-S1 length were evaluated preoperatively, postoperatively, and at the last follow-up. A visual analogue scale score was used to evaluate pain during outpatient rod distraction procedures. The mean follow-up is 27 months. All patients attended distractions of the magnetic rod through an external remote control every 3 months. The mean predicted distraction was 3 mm at each lengthening session.

Results:
The mean Cobb angle value was 64.7±17.4 degrees (range, 45 to 100 degrees) preoperatively and 28.5±13.9 degrees (range, 15 to 59 degrees) at the latest follow-up. The mean T1-S1 length value was 27.1±5.4 cm (range, 16 to 34.8 cm) preoperatively and 32.8±4 cm (range, 26.5 to 39 cm) at the latest follow-up. The mean T1-T12 length value was 16.2±2.7 cm (range, 10 to 19 cm) preoperatively and 20.6±2.9 cm (range, 15.5 to 23.5 cm) at the latest follow-up.
The average monthly T1-T12 height increase was 0.8 mm, whereas the average monthly T1-S1 increase was 0.9 mm.
Two patients experienced a rod breakage and 1 patient had a pull-out of the apical hooks.

Conclusions:
Although implant-related complications could occur, as in all EOS growing rods procedures, MCGR can be effectively used in patients with EOS. This spinal instrumentation can overcome many of the complications related with the traditional growing rods implants. This procedure can be effectively used in outpatient settings, minimizing surgical scarring, surgical site infection, and psychological distress due to multiple surgeries needed in the traditional growing rods system, improving quality of life, and saving health care costs.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.