bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrospun polymeric coatings on aluminum alloy as a straightforward approach for corrosion protection
Authors: Firouzi Amin , Del Gaudio Costantino , lamastra Francesca Romana , Montesperelli Giampiero , Bianco Alessandra 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTSeveral metals and alloys are susceptible to corrosion attack and this usually implies the accurate selection of a specific material depending on the working conditions and the characteristics of the environment to which it will be exposed to. However, it could represent a restriction at the same time because a limited range of materials can be practically considered. In addition, they could be also characterized by unsuitable properties for the intended application and high costs. To address this issue, polymeric coatings exhibit high potentiality to be a valid alternative to toxic chromates, allowing to deal with the most appropriate metallic materials and affordable deposition procedures. In this work, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibrous coating was successfully collected onto aluminum alloy‐6082 by means of electrospinning technique. The anticorrosion performance of the final system has been evaluated in 3 wt % NaCl solution by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). To avoid PVA disintegration in aqueous environment, several crosslinking procedures were assessed using glyoxal. The two most promising ones (120°C for 60 min and 150°C for 15 min) were then considered for a further investigation. Crosslinked PVA mats showed improved properties as compared to the as‐spun case, as demonstrated by mechanical and thermal analyses. Electrochemical tests revealed that crosslinked coatings can protect aluminum substrates against corrosion, especially for the electrospun PVA coating treated at 120°C. In this case, after 270 h, a significant corrosion resistance of about 26 kΩ was recorded with respect to the blank alloy (about 3.8 kΩ). © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41250.
Engineering the oxygen sensing regulation results in an enhanced recombinant human hemoglobin production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Martínez José L. , Liu Lifang , Petranovic Dina , Nielsen Jens 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTEfficient production of appropriate oxygen carriers for transfusions (blood substitutes or artificial blood) has been pursued for many decades, and to date several strategies have been used, from synthetic polymers to cell‐free hemoglobin carriers. The recent advances in the field of metabolic engineering also allowed the generation of different genetically modified organisms for the production of recombinant human hemoglobin. Several studies have showed very promising results using the bacterium Escherichia coli as a production platform, reporting hemoglobin titers above 5% of the total cell protein content. However, there are still certain limitations regarding the protein stability and functionality of the recombinant hemoglobin produced in bacterial systems. In order to overcome these limitations, yeast systems have been proposed as the eukaryal alternative. We recently reported the generation of a set of plasmids to produce functional human hemoglobin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with final titers of active hemoglobin exceeding 4% of the total cell protein. In this study, we propose a strategy for further engineering S. cerevisiae by altering the oxygen sensing pathway by deleting the transcription factor HAP1, which resulted in an increase of the final recombinant active hemoglobin titer exceeding 7% of the total cellular protein. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 181–188. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development and validation of an ultra‐performance liquid chromatography method for simultaneous analysis of 20 antihistaminics in dietary supplements
Authors: Kim Jung Yeon , Do Jung‐Ah , Choi Ji Yeon , Cho Sooyeul , Kim Woo‐Seong , Yoon Chang‐Yong 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop and validate an ultra‐performance liquid chromatography method for simultaneous analysis of 20 antihistamines (illegal additives) in dietary supplements. The limits of detection and quantitation of the method ranged from 1.5 to 2.5 µg/mL and from 20.0 to 50.0 µg/mL, respectively. The determination coefficient was >0.999, precisions were 0.2–5.1% (intra‐day) and 0.1–8.8% (inter‐day), and accuracies were 84.5–111.2% (intra‐day) and 91.9–112.0% (inter‐day). The mean recoveries of 20 targeted compounds from dietary supplements ranged from 75.4 to 119.3%. The relative standard deviations were <6.6% and complied with established international guidelines. The relative standard deviation of stability was <0.8%. Fifty‐two commercially available dietary supplements were evaluated using this method, and were found to have none of the 20 antihistamines in significant abundance. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Long‐Term Performance of Chemically and Physically Modified Activated Carbons in Air Cathodes of Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyuan , Pant Deepak , Zhang Fang , Liu Jia , He Weihua , Logan Bruce E. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractActivated carbon (AC) is a low‐cost and effective catalyst for oxygen reduction in air cathodes of microbial fuel cells (MFCs), but its performance must be maintained over time. AC was modified by three methods: 1) pyrolysis with iron ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (AC‐Fe), 2) heat treatment (AC‐heat), and 3) mixing with carbon black (AC‐CB). The maximum power densities after one month with these AC cathodes were 35 % higher with AC‐Fe (1410±50 mW m−2) and AC‐heat (1400±20 mW m−2), and 16 % higher with AC‐CB (1210±30 mW m−2) than for plain AC (1040±20 mW m−2), versus 1270±50 mW m−2 for a Pt control. After 16 months, the Pt cathodes produced only 250±10 mW m−2. However, the AC‐heat and AC‐CB cathodes still produced 960–970 mW m−2, whereas plain AC produced 860±60 mW m−2. The performance of the AC cathodes was restored to >85 % of the initial maximum power densities by cleaning with a weak acid solution. Based on cost considerations among the AC materials, AC‐CB appears to be the best choice for long‐term performance.
Energy and Chemicals from the Selective Electrooxidation of Renewable Diols by Organometallic Fuel Cells
Authors: Bellini Marco , Bevilacqua Manuela , Filippi Jonathan , Lavacchi Alessandro , Marchionni Andrea , Miller Hamish A. , Oberhauser Werner , Vizza Francesco , Annen Samuel P. , Grützmacher H. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractOrganometallic fuel cells catalyze the selective electrooxidation of renewable diols, simultaneously providing high power densities and chemicals of industrial importance. It is shown that the unique organometallic complex [Rh(OTf)(trop2NH)(PPh3)] employed as molecular active site in an anode of an OMFC selectively oxidizes a number of renewable diols, such as ethylene glycol , 1,2‐propanediol (1,2‐P), 1,3‐propanediol (1,3‐P), and 1,4‐butanediol (1,4‐B) to their corresponding mono‐carboxylates. The electrochemical performance of this molecular catalyst is discussed, with the aim to achieve cogeneration of electricity and valuable chemicals in a highly selective electrooxidation from diol precursors.
Prognostic value of N‐terminal pro C‐type natriuretic peptide in heart failure patients with preserved and reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Lok Dirk J. , Klip IJsbrand T. , Voors Adriaan A. , Lok Sjoukje I. , Bruggink‐André de la Porte Pieta W. , Hillege Hans L. , Jaarsma Tiny , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , van der Meer Peter 
Published: July 2014

AimsA‐type and B‐type natriuretic peptides are established markers in chronic heart failure (HF). C‐type natriuretic peptide (CNP) belongs to the same peptide family, but is predominantly localized in the endothelium. The prognostic role of CNP in heart failure has not been established. The aim of the study was to determine the prognostic power and clinical correlates of the N‐terminal part of pro CNP (NT‐proCNP) in patients with chronic HF.Methods and resultsIn 567 hospitalized heart failure patients, NT‐proCNP levels were measured at hospital discharge. The primary endpoint was a combined endpoint of all‐cause mortality and HF hospitalization after 18 months. Heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) was pre‐defined as an LVEF >40%. Mean (±SD) age was 71 ± 11 years, 62% were male, mean LVEF was 32 ± 14%, and 23% had HFpEF. In multivariate linear regression, NT‐proCNP levels showed a positive correlation with NT‐proBNP levels and parameters of renal function, whereas a negative correlation with female sex and vascular endothelial growth factor was observed. After 18 months follow‐up, 240 patients reached the combined endpoint. We observed interaction between NT‐proCNP and LVEF for outcome (P = 0.046). Multivariate analyses revealed NT‐proCNP to be strongly predictive for the primary endpoint [hazard ratio (HR) 1.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18–2.67, P = 0.006) in patients with HFpEF, but not in patients with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.81–1.43, P = 0.616). Finally, reclassification showed significant additive value in patients with HFpEF (P < 0.001), but not in those with HFrEF (P = 0.453).ConclusionNT‐proCNP is a strong independent marker for outcome in patients with HFpEF, but not in those with HFrEF.
Changes in inpatient staffing following implementation of new residency work hours
Authors: Oshimura Jennifer M. , Sperring Jeffrey , Bauer Benjamin D. , Carroll Aaron E. , Rauch Daniel A. 
Published: July 2014

BACKGROUNDIn 2011, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education added additional resident work‐hour restrictions that limited the number of hours residents could work, with increased emphasis on attending supervision.OBJECTIVEOur objective was to determine how residency programs have responded to residency work hours, specifically assessing residency night float systems and in‐house attending physicians.DESIGNIn May 2012, an electronic survey was sent to all US pediatric residency training programs via the Association of Pediatric Program Directors listserv with e‐mail reminders to nonresponding programs. We analyzed data to assess the use of resident night float systems, admission caps, and attending physicians in‐house at night.RESULTSOut of 198 programs contacted, 152 programs responded (77% response rate). Residency programs utilizing a night float system increased from 43% to 71% after new work hours were implemented. Overall use of resident admission caps did not change significantly. Twenty‐three percent of programs increased the number of attending physicians in‐house at night; 57% of those programs increased the number of pediatric hospitalist attendings, whereas 37% increased the number of pediatric intensivists. There is a trend toward increased pediatric hospitalist attending in‐house 24/7 coverage. Of programs without 24/7 coverage, 26% plan to add coverage within 5 years. Only 12% of programs have no in‐house attending coverage at night.CONCLUSIONSAlthough programs vary in their response to changes in residency work restrictions, they most commonly utilize night float systems and increased the amount of in‐house attending coverage at night, especially pediatric hospitalist attendings. Many programs plan to add 24/7 pediatric hospitalist coverage within 5 years. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2014;9:640–645. © 2014 Society of Hospital Medicine
Maintenance scheduling for modular systems: Modeling and algorithms
Authors: Levi Retsef , Magnanti Thomas , Muckstadt Jack , Segev Danny , Zarybnisky Eric 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe study new models of scheduled maintenance management for modular systems, consisting of multiple components with respective cycle limits. The cycle limit of each component specifies the time interval in which this component must be repaired or replaced. The goal is to compute a feasible maintenance schedule that minimizes the cost associated with component maintenance. Applications of these models arise in Air Force aircraft maintenance as well as in other arenas with required preventive maintenance. The typical cost structures that arise in practical settings are submodular, which make the resulting models computationally challenging. We develop two efficient and operationally tenable approximation algorithms. We prove constant factor worst‐case guarantees for both algorithms, and present computational experiments showing that these algorithms perform within a few percent of optimality on operationally relevant instances. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 472–488, 2014
Conservation introduction of the threatened Apennine chamois Rupicapra pyrenaica ornata: post-release dispersal differs between wild-caught and captive founders
Authors: Bocci A. , Menapace S. , Alemanno S. , Lovari S. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSixteen Apennine chamois Rupicapra pyrenaica ornata (10 females, 6 males) were released into a protected area, the Sibillini Mountains National Park, Central Apennines, Italy, and monitored using global positioning system radio tags during 2008–2010. Founders caught in the wild (n = 8) and those reared in large enclosures (n = 8) differed in movement frequency (inter-fix distance per hour) and maximum distance covered (from the release site) in the first 5 months after release: both were significantly greater in wild individuals, males moved significantly more than females, wild individuals shifted their home ranges significantly more often than captive ones, and no differences were observed between the sexes or age classes. A mixed strategy of selection of wild and captive founders has proven successful in preventing large movements in the initial stages of release yet still providing sufficient opportunity to avoid inbreeding depression.
Pattern of rapid tranquillisation and restraint use in a central London mental health service
Authors: Shepherd Neil , Parker Caroline , Arif Nawal 
Published: July 2014

AbstractRapid tranquillisation (RT) aims to quickly calm the severely agitated patient, in order to reduce the risk of imminent and serious violence to self or others. While it is widely used within mental health care settings, there is little published information on patterns of practice. Retrospective data collection identified a total of 2267 incidents of RT within the Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust over a 19 month period equating to a mean frequency of approximately four incidents per day. These incidents mainly occurred in acute inpatient services and two and a half times more frequently in PICUs than on open wards. Of all the PICUS, the female PICU used most RT. Intramuscular RT was reported more often in most services. Restraint was used in 57% (n=1300) of RT incidents and minor injury resulted in only 11% of these incidents overall. There were no reports of major injury or death in the data set. Variations in RT use were seen across the Trust’s geography and ward types.
Structural patterns in Swedish health policy: a 30-year perspective
Authors: Saltman Richard B. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis perspective reviews key institutional and organizational patterns in Swedish health care over the last 30 years, probing the roots of several complicated policy questions that concern present-day Swedish decision-makers. It explores in particular the ongoing structural tension between stability, on the one hand, and the necessary levels of innovation and dynamism demanded by the current period of major clinical, technological, economic, social and supranational (EU) change. Where useful, the article compares Swedish developments with those in the other three European Nordic countries as well as other northern European health systems. Sweden’s health sector evolution can provide valuable insight for other countries into the complexity involved in re-thinking tradeoffs between policies that emphasize stability as against those that encourage innovation in health sector governance and provision.
Effect of Magnesium Alginate Plus Simethicone on Gastroesophageal Reflux in Infants
Authors: Ummarino Dario , Miele Erasmo , Martinelli Massimo , Scarpato Elena , Crocetto Felice , Sciorio Elisa , Staiano Annamaria 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTObjectives:Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is a frequently occurring condition in infants capable of causing distressing symptoms. The aim of our study is to evaluate the efficacy of Mg alginate plus simethicone (Gastrotuss Baby, DMG Italia SRL, Pomezia, Italy), compared with rice‐starch–thickened formula or with reassurance alone, in the treatment of GER in infants.Methods:The present randomized controlled trial was conducted in full‐term infants affected by symptoms suggestive of GER, evaluated through a validated questionnaire (Infant Gastroesophageal Reflux Questionnaire Revised). The patients were randomized into 3 groups according to treatment (group A: Mg alginate plus simethicone; group B: thickened formula; group C: reassurance with lifestyle changes). Evaluation of symptom scores was performed after 1 month (T1) and 2 months (T2).Results:A total of 64 (85.3%) of 75 enrolled infants (median age 5 months; range 1–10) concluded the study. After 1 month of treatment (T1), infants treated with Mg alginate plus simethicone showed a statistically significant improvement in symptoms compared with the thickened formula and reassurance (P < 0.03, <0.0001, respectively). At the end of the study, all 3 groups of patients showed a significant reduction in symptom scores (P < 0.002, <0.038, <0.03, respectively). Median symptom score values were more significantly reduced in group A than in group B and in group C (group A vs group B P < 0.002; group A vs group C P < 0.0001; group B vs group C P < 0.001).Conclusions:Mg alginate plus simethicone seems to be more efficacious on GER symptom scores than thickened formula and reassurance with lifestyle changes alone.
Reproductive isolation of hybrid populations driven by genetic incompatibilities
Authors: Schumer Molly , Cui Rongfeng , Rosenthal Gil G. , Andolfatto Peter 
Published: July 2014

AbstractDespite its role in homogenizing populations, hybridization has also been proposed as a means to generate new species. The conceptual basis for this idea is that hybridization can result in novel phenotypes through recombination between the parental genomes, allowing a hybrid population to occupy ecological niches unavailable to parental species. A key feature of these models is that these novel phenotypes ecologically isolate hybrid populations from parental populations, precipitating speciation. Here we present an alternative model of the evolution of reproductive isolation in hybrid populations that occurs as a simple consequence of selection against incompatibilities. Unlike previous models, our model does not require small population sizes, the availability of new niches for hybrids or ecological or sexual selection on hybrid traits. We show that reproductive isolation between hybrids and parents evolves frequently and rapidly under this model, even in the presence of substantial ongoing migration with parental species and strong selection against hybrids. Our model predicts that multiple distinct hybrid species can emerge from replicate hybrid populations formed from the same parental species, potentially generating patterns of species diversity and relatedness that resemble an adaptive radiation.
Wand and Weber's good decomposition conditions for BPMN
Authors: Johannsen Florian , Leist Susanne , Tausch Reinhold 
Published: July 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to specify the decomposition conditions of Wand and Weber for the Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN). Therefore, an interpretation of the conditions for BPMN is derived and compared to a specification of the conditions for enhanced Event-Driven Process Chains (eEPCs). Based on these results, guidelines for a conformance check of BPMN and eEPC models with the decomposition conditions are shown. Further, guidelines for decomposition are formulated for BPMN models. The usability of the decomposition guidelines is tested with modelling experts.

Design/methodology/approach
– An approach building on a representational mapping is used for specifying the decomposition conditions. Therefore, ontological constructs of the Bunge-Wand-Weber ontology are mapped to corresponding modelling constructs and an interpretation of the decomposition conditions for BPMN is derived. Guidelines for a conformance check are then defined. Based on these results, decomposition guidelines are formulated. Their usability is tested in interviews.

Findings
– The research shows that the decomposition conditions stemming from the information systems discipline can be transferred to business process modelling. However, the interpretation of the decomposition conditions depends on specific characteristics of a modelling language. Based on a thorough specification of the conditions, it is possible to derive guidelines for a conformance check of process models with the conditions. In addition, guidelines for decomposition are developed and tested. In the study, these are perceived as understandable and helpful by experts.

Research limitations/implications
– Research approaches based on representational mappings are subjected to subjectivity. However, by having three researchers performing the approach independently, subjectivity can be mitigated. Further, only ten experts participated in the usability test, which is therefore to be considered as a first step in a more comprising evaluation.

Practical implications
– This paper provides the process modeller with guidelines enabling a conformance check of BPMN and eEPC process models with the decomposition conditions. Further, guidelines for decomposing BPMN models are introduced.

Originality/value
– This paper is the first to specify Wand and Weber's decomposition conditions for process modelling with BPMN. A comparison to eEPCs shows, that the ontological expressiveness influences the interpretation of the conditions. Further, guidelines for decomposing BPMN models as well as for checking their adherence to the decomposition conditions are presented.
Going the extra-mile: a question of attachment orientations and gender?
Authors: Schusterschitz Claudia , Stummer Harald , Geser Willi 
Published: July 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance and gender on different forms of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB).Design/methodology/approach– A total of 132 employees with different occupational backgrounds were surveyed by means of the “Scales to measure two dimensions of attachment insecurity” (Grau, 1999) and a German-speaking OCB questionnaire (Staufenbiel and Hartz 2000).Findings– Results suggest that employees high in anxiety show higher ratings in OCB-conscientiousness, whereas employees high in avoidance show higher ratings in OCB-civic virtue. Moreover, we found highly avoidant individuals to be less likely to engage in OCB-altruism. Finally, besides an overall gender effect for OCB-loyalty, results reveal significant interaction effects of anxiety and gender on OCB-conscientiousness as well as of avoidance and gender on OCB-civic virtue.Practical implications– Considering the increase in flexible employment relationships and in team work, we think of attachment orientations as a concept of practical relevance because adjustment to such work environments can be assumed to be highly dependent on attachment security.Originality/value– The research at hand is the first that analyzes unique and joint contributions of attachment orientations and gender to the prediction of different OCBs. Thereby, it provides evidence for the neglected applicability of attachment theory to the understanding of workplace behaviors in general and of OCBs in particular. Furthermore, the present study expands existing knowledge on the relationship between gender and OCB and implies that the influence of attachment orientations on some OCB-dimensions is stronger in the absence of gender stereotypes.