bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extreme Outlier Analysis Identifies Occult Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway Mutations in Patients With Low-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Grisham Rachel N. , Sylvester Brooke E. , Won Helen , McDermott Gregory , DeLair Deborah , Ramirez Ricardo , Yao Zhan , Shen Ronglai , Dao Fanny , Bogomolniy Faina , Makker Vicky , Sala Evis , Soumerai Tara E. , Hyman David M. , Socci Nicholas D. , Viale Agnes , Gershenson David M. , Farley John , Levine Douglas A. , Rosen Neal , Berger Michael F. , Spriggs David R. , Aghajanian Carol A. , Solit David B. , Iyer Gopa 
Published: September 2015

Purpose No effective systemic therapy exists for patients with metastatic low-grade serous (LGS) ovarian cancers. BRAF and KRAS mutations are common in serous borderline (SB) and LGS ovarian cancers, and MEK inhibition has been shown to induce tumor regression in a minority of patients; however, no correlation has been observed between mutation status and clinical response. With the goal of identifying biomarkers of sensitivity to MEK inhibitor treatment, we performed an outlier analysis of a patient who experienced a complete, durable, and ongoing (> 5 years) response to selumetinib, a non-ATP competitive MEK inhibitor. Patients and Methods Next-generation sequencing was used to analyze this patient's tumor as well as an additional 28 SB/LGS tumors. Functional characterization of an identified novel alteration of interest was performed. Results Analysis of the extraordinary responder's tumor identified a 15-nucleotide deletion in the negative regulatory helix of the MAP2K1 gene encoding for MEK1. Functional characterization demonstrated that this mutant induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway activation, promoted anchorage-independent growth and tumor formation in mice, and retained sensitivity to selumetinib. Analysis of additional LGS/SB tumors identified mutations predicted to induce extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway activation in 82% (23 of 28), including two patients with BRAF fusions, one of whom achieved an ongoing complete response to MEK inhibitor–based combination therapy. Conclusion Alterations affecting the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway are present in the majority of patients with LGS ovarian cancer. Next-generation sequencing analysis revealed deletions and fusions that are not detected by older sequencing approaches. These findings, coupled with the observation that a subset of patients with recurrent LGS ovarian cancer experienced dramatic and durable responses to MEK inhibitor therapy, support additional clinical studies of MEK inhibitors in this disease.
In memoriam – Alan Hall
Authors: Burridge Keith 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT
On May 3 of this year, cell biology lost a giant with the untimely passing of Alan Hall (Fig. 1). Alan didn't discover the Rho family of GTPases but, more than anyone else, he and his laboratory brought these key regulatory proteins to the prominent position that they now occupy. I first met Alan in the early 1990s shortly after his landmark papers with Anne Ridley were published (Ridley and Hall, 1992; Ridley et al., 1992). Over the years our interests frequently overlapped, we met often at conferences and became friends. Ultimately, we became collaborators, each of us directing projects within a Program Project Grant that is headed by Klaus Hahn, and that also includes Gaudenz Danuser and John Sondek. Shortly before his death we had been in conversation about this grant and were discussing when we would next get together as a group. I was looking forward to seeing him again, not only because I enjoyed his company but because I always learned something new from every interaction. Other obituaries have covered Alan Hall's career, research accomplishments and service to the research community, such as being Chair of Cell Biology at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Cell Biology. Here, I wish to share my perspective on his enormous contribution to the Rho GTPase field, particularly focusing on the decade of the 1990s when he and his laboratory thrust Rho GTPases to the forefront of cell biology.
Quality of life of patients with irritable bowel syndrome before and after education
Authors: Joć Ewa , Mądro Agnieszka , Celiński Krzysztof , Słomka Maria , Kasztelan-Szczerbińska Beata , Pacian Anna , Kulik Teresa 
Published: September 2015

CelCelem przeprowadzonych przeze mnie badań była analiza wpływu edukacji pacjentów z ZJD na jakość ich życia.MetodaBadania zostały przeprowadzone w latach 2010 – 2011 w Poradni Gastroenterologicznej SPSK 4 w Lublinie oraz Poradni Gastroenterologicznej WSS im. Stefana Kardynała Wyszyńskiego w Lublinie.
Badania dotyczące jakości życia były przeprowadzone za pomocą Kwestionariusza Poczucia Jakości Życia ( QOL-Q R. Schalock, K. Keith).WynikiBadani przeze mnie pacjenci edukowani zarówno przez lekarza, pielęgniarkę oraz przy pomocy informacji pisemnej uzyskali znacząco wyższe wyniki po otrzymanej edukacji w wielowymiarowych aspektach jakości życia.
Pacjenci z ZJD sześć miesięcy od przeprowadzonej wykazali znacząco wyższą JŻ we wszystkich badanych aspektach czyli Zadowolenie, Umiejętność/Produktywność, Możliwość działania/Niezależność, Przynależność do społeczności/Integracja ze społecznością. W tym przypadku zrozumienie istoty choroby przyczyniło się do obniżenia lęku przed chorobą nowotworową oraz niepokojącymi objawami, co tym samym znacząco wpłynęło na zmniejszenie występowania dolegliwości chorobowych.Wnioski1.	Jakość życia pacjentów z zespołem jelita drażliwego (ZJD) jest znacząco obniżona w każdym z rozpatrywanych zakresów.

2.	Edukacja pacjentów z ZJD spowodowała wzrost jakości życia i zarazem zmniejszenie dolegliwości związanych z chorobą.

3.	Edukacja pacjentów z ZJD odgrywa istotną rolę w całości procesu terapeutycznego.
Clinical utility of chosen factors in predicting post-stroke depression: a one year follow-up.
Authors: Wichowicz Hubert , Gąsecki Dariusz , Landowski Jerzy , Lass Piotr , Świerkocka Małgorzata , Wiśniewski Grzegorz , Nyka Waldemar N. , Wilkowska Alina 
Published: September 2015

CelCelem pracy była ocena ewentualnej zależności pomiędzy wystąpieniem depresji poudarowej (DPU) a wybranymi parametrami klinicznymi oraz demograficznymi.MetodaZbadano pacjentów hospitalizowanych w Klinice Neurologii AMG (kwiecień 2003 - grudzień 2005) z powodu pierwszego, niedokrwiennego udaru mózgu. Wstępnie zakwalifikowano 116 osób (61,4±12,6 lat, kobiety N=42). Analizie podlegały dane demograficzne, strona udaru i miejsce uszkodzenia w oparciu o badania neuroobrazowe, oraz globalny deficyt neurologiczny oceniany w pierwszej dobie po udarze i w dniu wypisu, wg NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) i Wskaźnika Barthel (BI – Barthel Index of Activity of Daily Living).
Badania psychiatrycznie wykonano: 6 (42 dni±3 dni) i 12 tygodni (84 dni±7 dni) oraz 6 (± 14 dni) i 12 miesięcy (± 14 dni) po udarze z oceną w oparciu o kryteria ICD-10 wraz z oceną stopnia sprawności funkcjonalnej (skalą Rankina).WynikiDepresja wystąpiła u 29 pacjentów (27,6%). Nie potwierdzono związku jej wystąpienia z płcią ani wiekiem. W dniu udaru i wypisu osoby bez DPU były nieco sprawniejsze, jednak w stopniu nieznaczącym statystycznie. Potwierdzono zależność pomiędzy obecnością DPU a wynikami skali Rankina, poza stopniem poprawy w czasie obserwacji. W grupie osób z depresją udary lewopółkulowe były nieco częstsze, jednak różnica ta nie osiągnęła istotności statystycznej. Obecności zmian w obrębie płatów czołowych i jąder podstawy towarzyszyło częstsze występowanie depresji.WnioskiStwierdzono związek pomiędzy obecnością DPU i lokalizacją zmian udarowych (w płatach czołowych lub jądrach podstawy) oraz stopniem sprawności funkcjonalnej ocenianej w okresie 12 m-cy po udarze.
The validity of the classification for lateral hinge fractures in open wedge high tibial osteotomy
Authors: Nakamura R. , Komatsu N. , Murao T. , Okamoto Y. , Nakamura S. , Fujita K. , Nishimura H. , Katsuki Y. 
Published: September 2015

The objective of this study was to validate the efficacy of Takeuchi classification for lateral hinge fractures (LHFs) in open wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO). In all 74 osteoarthritic knees (58 females, 16 males; mean age 62.9 years, standard deviation 7.5, 42 to 77) were treated with OWHTO using a TomoFix plate. The knees were divided into non-fracture (59 knees) and LHF (15 knees) groups, and the LHF group was further divided into Takeuchi types I, II, and III (seven, two, and six knees, respectively). The outcomes were assessed pre-operatively and one year after OWHTO. Pre-operative characteristics (age, gender and body mass index) showed no significant difference between the two groups. The mean Japanese Orthopaedic Association score was significantly improved one year after operation regardless of the presence or absence of LHF (p = 0.0015, p < 0.001, respectively). However, six of seven type I cases had no LHF-related complications; both type II cases had delayed union; and of six type III cases, two had delayed union with correction loss and one had overcorrection. These results suggest that Takeuchi type II and III LHFs are structurally unstable compared with type I.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1226–31.
Physical functioning, pain and quality of life after amputation for musculoskeletal tumours
Authors: Furtado S. , Grimer R. J. , Cool P. , Murray S. A. , Briggs T. , Fulton J. , Grant K. , Gerrand C. H. 
Published: September 2015

Patients who have limb amputation for musculoskeletal tumours are a rare group of cancer survivors. This was a prospective cross-sectional survey of patients from five specialist centres for sarcoma surgery in England. Physical function, pain and quality of life (QOL) outcomes were collected after lower extremity amputation for bone or soft-tissue tumours to evaluate the survivorship experience and inform service provision.Of 250 patients, 105 (42%) responded between September 2012 and June 2013. From these, completed questionnaires were received from 100 patients with a mean age of 53.6 years (19 to 91). In total 60 (62%) were male and 37 (38%) were female (three not specified). The diagnosis was primary bone sarcoma in 63 and soft-tissue tumour in 37. A total of 20 tumours were located in the hip or pelvis, 31 above the knee, 32 between the knee and ankle and 17 in the ankle or foot. In total 22 had hemipelvectomy, nine hip disarticulation, 35 transfemoral amputation, one knee disarticulation, 30 transtibial amputation, two toe amputations and one rotationplasty. The Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS) differed by amputation level, with poorer scores at higher levels (p < 0.001). Many reported significant pain. In addition, TESS was negatively associated with increasing age, and pain interference scores. QOL for Cancer Survivors was significantly correlated with TESS (p < 0.001). This relationship appeared driven by pain interference scores.This unprecedented national survey confirms amputation level is linked to physical function, but not QOL or pain measures. Pain and physical function significantly impact on QOL. These results are helpful in managing the expectations of patients about treatment and addressing their complex needs.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1284–90.
Treatment of extended osteochondral lesions of the talus with a free vascularised bone graft from the medial condyle of the femur
Authors: Hintermann B. , Wagener J. , Knupp M. , Schweizer C. , J. Schaefer D. 
Published: September 2015

Large osteochondral lesions (OCLs) of the shoulder of the talus cannot always be treated by traditional osteochondral autograft techniques because of their size, articular geometry and loss of an articular buttress. We hypothesised that they could be treated by transplantation of a vascularised corticoperiosteal graft from the ipsilateral medial femoral condyle. Between 2004 and 2011, we carried out a prospective study of a consecutive series of 14 patients (five women, nine men; mean age 34.8 years, 20 to 54) who were treated for an OCL with a vascularised bone graft. Clinical outcome was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot score. Radiological follow-up used plain radiographs and CT scans to assess graft incorporation and joint deterioration. At a mean follow-up of 4.1 years (2 to 7), the mean VAS for pain had decreased from 5.8 (5 to 8) to 1.8 (0 to 4) (p = 0.001) and the mean AOFAS hindfoot score had increased from 65 (41 to 70) to 81 (54 to 92) (p = 0.003). Radiologically, the talar contour had been successfully reconstructed with stable incorporation of the vascularised corticoperiosteal graft in all patients. Joint degeneration was only seen in one ankle. Treatment of a large OCL of the shoulder of the talus with a vascularised corticoperiosteal graft taken from the medial condyle of the femur was found to be a safe, reliable method of restoring the contour of the talus in the early to mid-term. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1242–9.
Presence of Trypanosome Species and Anemic Status of Dogs in Zuru, Nigeria
Authors: Tono Rafi Rabecca , Faleke Olufemi Oladayo , Magaji Alhaji , Alayande Musbaudeen Olayinka , Fajinmi Akinyemi Olaposi , Ibitoye Emmanuel Busayo 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The aim of this research is to study the presence and prevalence of trypanosome species in local dogs between January and July, 2010 in the Zuru area of Kebbi State, Nigeria.Standard trypanosome detection methods comprising of wet blood films, thin films and microhaematocrit centrifugation technique were used to detect trypanosomes; while the degree of anemia was determined through the use of FAMACHA® eye colour chart and packed cell volume values. A total of 567 dogs were enumerated in fourteen locations within the study area out of which 192 (33.7%) were randomly examined and 4 (2.08%) were positive for the presence of trypanosomes. All positive samples morphologically belong to the Trypanosoma brucei group. The obtained PCV values showed that 50 (26.04%) dogs were anemic, while the FAMACHA® detected anemia status of varying degrees in 104 (77%) sampled dogs.These findings are significant as this is the first time that the trypanosome infection will be reported in dogs from the study area. This study establishes the presence of Trypanosoma brucei group in the study area, which is of zoonotic and economic importance.
Simulação numérica da formação de vórtices em tomadas de água em hidrelétricas
Authors: Neves Sérgio Leonardo , Dalla Corte Marcelo , Oliveski Rejane De Césaro 
Published: September 2015

<p> </p><div><p>No Brasil, a energia hidráulica é a principal fonte de geração de energia elétrica. Apesar da tendência de aumento na utilização de outras fontes, a energia hidráulica continuará sendo a principal fonte na matriz energética. A eficiência de uma usina hidrelétrica pode ser afetada pelas condições de alimentação de água para sua tomada d’água. A formação de vórtices a montante das tomadas d’água são causas de perda de eficiência e podem causar danos nas instalações. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar o fenômeno de formação de vórtices em tomadas d’água de hidrelétricas por meio de simulação numérica tridimensional com o software comercial ANSYS-CFX, com base nos estudos realizados em modelo experimental pelo IPH-UFRGS. Foram analisados casos com diferentes submergência e vazão volumétrica. O modelo matemático é composto pelas equações da conservação da massa e quantidade de movimento do campo médio, equação da fração volumétrica, equações do modelo de turbulência, assim como de suas respectivas condições de contorno e iniciais. Os resultados mostram que o modelo numérico é capaz de reproduzir a formação de vórtices em tomadas d’água, conforme observado no modelo experimental.</p></div><p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><br /></span></p>
Simulação numérica do comportamento não-linear de placas planas com perfurações quadradas sob compressão uniaxial em estruturas navais e offshore
Authors: Sentano Bruna Suanez , Real Mauro De Vasconcellos , Isoldi Liércio André , Baptista Lillian Gonçalves 
Published: September 2015

Placas são elementos estruturais de superfície plana, cuja espessura é pequena quando comparada com as outras dimensões. Tem imensa aplicabilidade na engenharia devido ao seu desempenho estrutural quando solicitada à flexão, elevada relação resistência-peso e facilidade de descrição do seu comportamento mecânico devido aos eficientes métodos analíticos de cálculo. Estes tipos de estruturas podem ser delimitados por enrijecedores e constituem parte integrante de estruturas de navios, plataformas de petróleo offshore, comportas e docas flutuantes, por exemplo. Em estruturas navais, perfurações são comuns para a abertura de acessos, manutenção ou mesmo redução do seu peso total. Estas perfurações influenciam na máxima resistência desses elementos, pois ocorre uma alteração no comportamento mecânico da estrutura, devido à redistribuição das tensões ao longo da placa. Para o estudo do comportamento mecânico de placas com perfurações quadradas, foram realizadas análises inelásticas para a flambagem empregando-se o método dos elementos finitos. A amostra possui 120 placas em que a largura é mantida constante e o comprimento e espessura da placa e o lado do furo quadrado centralizado foram variados. A modelagem computacional foi realizada através do software ANSYS e foi possível determinar a carga última de resistência para cada caso, permitindo analisar a influência do tamanho do furo, da esbeltez e do comprimento da placa em sua capacidade de carga.
Estudo experimental e computacional de um compressor de refrigeração operando sob condições controladas em uma câmara calorimétrica
Authors: Junior Ivoni Carlos Acunha , Pohlmann Stephanie Dos Santos , Da Silveira Lissandra Silveira , Rahn Marco Aurélio dos Santos , Porte Anderson Favero , Santos Elizaldo Domingues dos , Isoldi Liércio André , Rodrigues Michel Kepes 
Published: September 2015

<p class="Els-keywordsChar">A utilização de compressores com acionamento por frequência variável tem sido uma alternativa para a redução da energia elétrica em instalações de refrigeração.Neste trabalho, foram avaliados alguns parâmetros de desempenho de um compressor de refrigeração trabalhando com acionamento do motor elétrico sob frequências de 50 Hz e 60 Hz, utilizando o fluido refrigerante R-404a. Dessa forma, foram realizadas medições em uma câmara calorimétrica submetida a temperatura constante de 32,2 °C. As grandezas medidas foram: temperaturas de bulbo seco e úmido da câmara calorimétrica, velocidade do ar no evaporador, temperaturas de bulbo seco e umidade relativa do ar na área de face do evaporador e no insuflamento, pressões de sucção e descarga do compressor, tensão e corrente elétrica do motor de acionamento do compressor.Dessas medições foram obtidas a capacidade e a potência consumida pelo motor elétrico de acionamento do compressor, as quais foram utilizadas para determinação do coeficiente de performance e da eficiência isoentrópica do compressor. Além disso, foi realizda a modelagem matemática e a simulação computacional da capacidade de refrigeração do compressor, utilizando tanto os dados de desempenho fornecidos pelo fabricante, quanto aqueles provenientes das medições. O resultados mostraram que o modelo obtido através das medições possui menores desvios do em relação ao desenvolvido através dos dados provenientes do fabricante para as condições estudadas. Além disso, os melhores desempenhos são alcançados para acionamento com frequência de 60 Hz em relação a de 50 Hz.</p>
Steady-state flow of a shear-thinning liquid in an unbounded pipeline system
Authors: Galdi Giovanni P. , Grisanti Carlo R. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
We show existence and uniqueness of steady-state solutions to the equations of generalized Newtonian liquids of shear-thinning type in an unbounded region that includes semi-infinite cylinders of constant cross-section (pipeline system). This result is established under the assumption that the datum (flow-rate) is sufficiently small. The main feature of our approach is the proof of a “global compactness” property of the sequence of approximating solutions.
Crack growth behavior of 4340 steel under corrosion and corrosion fatigue conditions
Authors: Sadananda K. , Vasudevan A.K. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Crack initiation and growth behavior in 4340 steel under static and cyclic loads in various environments are examined using the two-parameter approach developed by the authors. It is shown that environmental effects can be time dependent, stress dependent, or both, depending on the amplitude, peak stress, and aggressiveness of the environment. It is shown that the tests under vacuum are required to establish the reference state for the quantification of the chemical driving forces involved in crack initiation and growth in aggressive environments. Failure diagrams are proposed by extending the Kitagawa-Takahashi diagram for fatigue. It is shown that these can be used to quantify the mechanical and chemical internal stresses required to cause both initiation and growth of an incipient crack in a smooth as well as notched specimens. Conditions for propagating and nonpropagating incipient cracks that are initiated under stress concentrations are also discussed, taking the example of the 4340 steel data available.
Electrochemical approach to repassivation kinetics of Al alloys: gaining insight into environmentally assisted cracking
Authors: Trueba Monica , Trasatti Stefano P. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
This work provides a broad overview of the systematic experimental studies conducted in our group to understand the factors governing the transition to a more occluded corrosion front during the repassivation of Al alloys, manifested by the appearance of an inflection during anodic polarization into the active region in NaCl solutions. The collected data and the derived empirical relationships enabled us to discern the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects controlling the transition to more occluded local damage. From the thermodynamic standpoint, the potential at the inflection, namely, the pit transition potential E
ptp, can be considered as the thermodynamic driving force of Al dissolution in the acidified pit-like solution in contact with a freshly created surface. The associated current density i
ptp and the steepness of the potential decrease with current below E
ptp are determined by interfacial electrochemical kinetics. More importantly, all these properties are influenced by electrochemical and metallurgical events, including residual stresses. These findings point to the electrochemical approach in combination with external mechanical load as a promising tool for investigating environmentally assisted cracking, in particular, crack nucleation and non-steady crack tip processes.