bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence Of The Hydraulic Exchange Relations In The Evolution Of Ice Jam Phenomena On Bistriţa River In The Area Between Dorna Arini (Suceava County) And Borca (Neamţ County)
Authors: Claudiu Gaman 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe presence on Bistriţa River, in identical climatic conditions, of sectors with well-developed ice formations in the immediate vicinity of river sectors lacking or with weakly developed such formations demonstrates the existence of other factors beside the meteorological and hydrological ones that may influence the evolution of freezing processes and implicitly of ice jams. A special role is held by the hydraulic exchange relations established between the river and the aquifers (Ciaglic, 1965; Ciaglic and Vornicu, 1973), the mentioned phenomena having a characteristic evolution, sometimes manifested through the total lack of ice due to underground input (Gaman, 2014). River alimentation from underground waters takes place in two situations: a) nearby well-developed alluvial fans close to floodplain or terraces; b) in areas where the river suddenly changes direction from flowing along one of the banks to an almost perpendicular position towards the valley, or where it meanders in the floodplain. The sectors of the river with areas of free water are those generating ice crystals and river-bottom ice and finally frazil slush. In the areas where the river loses water through infiltration in the floodplain, ice formations are much stronger according to the volume of water losses, and total freezing can be recorded. Field observations and measurements conducted in the winters of 2011-2012, 2012-2013, regarding the evolution of freeze phenomena, respectively ice jam formation, on Bistriţa River confirm the mentioned theory.
Social-Geographic Analysis And Assessment Of Population’s Quality Of Living (The Case Of Chernivtsi Region)
Authors: Myroslava Lapushniak , Veronika Hrytsku , Iuliia Hrytsku-Andriesh , Olha Danilova 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Thus, the Chernivtsi Region takes the third place in Ukraine with respect to quality of living. Traditionally high ratings are shown within the frame of social components (reproduction of population, social standing, and decent work). In the last years, situation has improved with regard to population’s comfort of life and level of education, though the ratings of education are the worst in Ukraine. Such components as material state (well-being) still stays to be problematic.
Survival – Selected Determinants Of Participation
Authors: Płoskonka Przemysław 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Introduction
. A growing interest in survival as a tourist and recreational activity raises the need for empirical research into this issue. Unfortunately, a vast majority of authors focus on the technical aspects of survival, ignoring the determinants of this activity. The few existing studies are mostly based on observation and involve small samples. This paper will help complement the body of knowledge concerning this issue.

Material and methods
. Following a pilot study, the study proper was conducted between 2011 and 2013 using a questionnaire prepared by the author. The analysis was based on the opinions of 594 respondents. The research was conducted during randomly selected survival events, among randomly selected members of survival societies and organisations, and among users of websites dedicated to survival.

Results
. The respondents usually organised survival activities individually or in a group of friends, forests being the preferred location. The respondents undertook survival activity either sporadically (once every 4-6 months) or sometimes (once every 2-3 months), with individual periods of activity usually lasting 2-3 days. The most popular form of this activity was one-day-long or several-day-long trips with overnight stays, and the activities the respondents performed the most frequently were constructing makeshift shelters, lighting and building campfires, and topography.

Conclusions
. Survival activity was strongly determined by the accessibility of the natural environment. The persons engaged in survival showed high independence in carrying out their tasks. The survival activities were undertaken in short periods and sporadically, weekend trips (sometimes with an overnight stay) being the most popular form of activity. Basic issues related to survival were the dominant activities performed by the respondents.
Impact of comorbidity on the outcome in men with advanced prostate cancer treated with docetaxel
Authors: Zist Andrej , Amir Eitan , Ocana Alberto F. , Seruga Bostjan 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Background. Men with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) may not receive docetaxel in everyday clinical practice due to comorbidities. Here we explore the impact of comorbidity on outcome in men with mCRPC treated with docetaxel in a population-based outcome study.

Methods. Men with mCRPC treated with docetaxel at the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana between 2005 and 2012 were eligible. Comorbidity was assessed by the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (aa-CCI) and adult comorbidity evaluation (ACE-27) index. Hospital admissions due to the toxicity and deaths during treatment with docetaxel were used as a measure of tolerability. Association between comorbidity and overall survival (OS) was tested using the Cox proportional hazards analysis.

Results. Two hundred and eight men were treated with docetaxel. No, mild, moderate and severe comorbidity was present in 2%, 32%, 53% and 13% using aa-CCI and in 27%, 35%, 29% and 8% when assessed by ACE-27. A substantial dose reduction of docetaxel occurred more often in men with moderate or severe comorbidity as compared to those with no or mild comorbidity. At all comorbidity levels about one-third of men required hospitalization or died during treatment with docetaxel. In univariate analysis a higher level of comorbidity was not associated with worse OS (aa-CCI HR 0.99; [95% CI 0.87–1.13], p = 0.93; ACE-27: HR 0.96; [95% CI 0.79–1.17], p = 0.69).

Conclusions. Men with mCRPC, who have comorbidities may benefit from treatment with docetaxel.
General Semiotics (GS) as the all-round interdisciplinary organizer: GS versus philosophical fundamentalism
Authors: Li Youzheng 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis paper presents a crucial problem about the identity and function of general semiotics. The latter is not only defined in terms of interdisciplinary-directed theoretical practice in comparison to the philosophic-fundamental-directed one, but also further redefined as an operative-functional organizer that does not necessarily imply any fixed theoretical doctrines. General semiotics (GS) is described as a functional strategy for organizing all-round interdisciplinary-directed theoretical construction. In addition, the paper emphasizes that the interdisciplinary essence of semiotic theory is contrary to any philosophical fundamentalism and applied semiotics does not need any philosophical foundation either.
Definite article use with generic reference in German: an empirical study
Authors: Barton Dagmar , Kolb Nadine , Kupisch Tanja 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This study is concerned with the distribution of the definite article in German with plural nominals that have a generic reading
. In Standard German, genericity is typically expressed by bare nouns (Tiger sind gefährlich ‘Tigers are
dangerous’). Many researchers have claimed that there is variation in article use in the expression of generic reference in
German (e.g., Brugger 1993; Longobardi 1994; Krifka et al. 1995; Chierchia 1998; Dayal 2004; Oosterhof 2008), but very little
empirical evidence has been provided to support this claim. Besides filling this research gap, we investigate which factors
influence the use of articles in plural subjects with generic reference. In doing so, we include linguistic factors (kind-level vs.
individual-level predicates) as well as sociolinguistic factors (age and regional background). Results show that with generic
plural subjects definite articles are optional but bare subjects are preferred; definite subjects are accepted more often with
kind-level predicates than with individual-level predicates.
Steinach and Young, Discoverers of the Effects of Estrogen on Male Sexual Behavior and the “Male Brain”
Authors: Södersten Per 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn the 1930s, Eugen Steinach’s group found that estradiol induces lordosis in castrated rats and reduces the threshold dose of testosterone that is necessary for the induction of ejaculation, and that estradiol-treated intact rats display lordosis as well as mounting and ejaculation. The bisexual, estrogen-sensitive male had been demonstrated. Another major, albeit contrasting, discovery was made in the 1950s, when William Young’s group reported that male guinea pigs and prenatally testosterone-treated female guinea pigs are relatively insensitive to estrogen when tested for lordosis as adults. Reduced estrogen sensitivity was part of the new concept of organization of the neural tissues mediating the sexual behavior of females into tissues similar to those of males. The importance of neural organization by early androgen stimulation was realized immediately and led to the discovery of a variety of sex differences in the brains of adult animals. By contrast, the importance of the metabolism of testosterone into estrogen in the male was recognized only after a delay. While the finding that males are sensitive to estrogen was based on Bernhard Zondek’s discovery in 1934 that testosterone is metabolized into estrogen in males, the finding that males are insensitive to estrogen was based on the hypothesis that testosterone–male sexual behavior is the typical relationship in the male. It is suggested that this difference in theoretical framework explains the discrepancies in some of the reported results.
Interactions between uncoupling protein 2 gene polymorphisms, obesity and alcohol intake on liver function: a large meta-analysed population-based study
Authors: Vimaleswaran Karani S , Cavadino Alana , Verweij Niek , Nolte Ilja M , Leach Irene Mateo , _ _ , Auvinen Juha , Veijola Juha , Elliott Paul , Penninx Brenda W , Snieder Harold , Järvelin Marjo-Riitta , van der Harst Pim , Cohen Robert D , Boucher Barbara J , Hyppönen Elina 
Published: November 2015

Background and objectiveGiven the role of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in the accumulation of fat in the hepatocytes and in the enhancement of protective mechanisms in acute ethanol intake, we hypothesised thatUCP2polymorphisms are likely to cause liver disease through their interactions with obesity and alcohol intake. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the interaction between tagging polymorphisms in theUCP2gene (rs2306819, rs599277 and rs659366), alcohol intake and obesity traits such as BMI and waist circumference (WC) on alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) in a large meta-analysis of data sets from three populations (n=20 242).Design and methodsThe study populations included the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (n=4996), Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (n=1883) and LifeLines Cohort Study (n=13 363). Interactions between the polymorphisms and obesity and alcohol intake on dichotomised ALT and GGT levels were assessed using logistic regression and the likelihood ratio test.ResultsIn the meta-analysis of the three cohorts, none of the threeUCP2polymorphisms were associated with GGT or ALT levels. There was no evidence for interaction between the polymorphisms and alcohol intake on GGT and ALT levels. In contrast, the association of WC and BMI with GGT levels varied by rs659366 genotype (Pinteraction=0.03 and 0.007, respectively; adjusted for age, gender, high alcohol intake, diabetes, hypertension and serum lipid concentrations).ConclusionIn conclusion, our findings in 20 242 individuals suggest thatUCP2gene polymorphisms may cause liver dysfunction through the interaction with body fat rather than alcohol intake.
The Medical Home and Hospital Readmissions
Authors: Coller Ryan J. , Klitzner Thomas S. , Saenz Adrianna A. , Lerner Carlos F. , Nelson Bergen B. , Chung Paul J. 
Published: November 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Despite considerable attention, little is known about the degree to which primary care medical homes influence early postdischarge utilization. We sought to test the hypothesis that patients with medical homes are less likely to have early postdischarge hospital or emergency department (ED) encounters.

METHODS:
This prospective cohort study enrolled randomly selected patients during an acute hospitalization at a children’s hospital during 2012 to 2014. Demographic and clinical data were abstracted from administrative sources and caregiver questionnaires on admission through 30 days postdischarge. Medical home experience was assessed by using Maternal and Child Health Bureau definitions. Primary outcomes were 30-day unplanned readmission and 7-day ED visits to any hospital. Logistic regression explored relationships between outcomes and medical home experiences.

RESULTS:
We followed 701 patients, 97% with complete data. Thirty-day unplanned readmission and 7-day ED revisit rates were 12.4% and 5.6%, respectively. More than 65% did not have a medical home. In adjusted models, those with medical home component “having a usual source of sick and well care” had fewer readmissions than those without (adjusted odds ratio 0.54, 95% confidence interval 0.30–0.96). Readmissions were higher among those with less parent confidence in avoiding a readmission, subspecialist primary care providers, longer length of index stay, and more hospitalizations in the past year. ED visits were associated with lack of parent confidence but not medical home components.

CONCLUSIONS:
Lacking a usual source for care was associated with readmissions. Lack of parent confidence was associated with readmissions and ED visits. This information may be used to target interventions or identify high-risk patients before discharge.
Testing and Treatment After Adolescent Sexual Assault in Pediatric Emergency Departments
Authors: Schilling Samantha , Samuels-Kalow Margaret , Gerber Jeffrey S. , Scribano Philip V. , French Benjamin , Wood Joanne N. 
Published: November 2015

OBJECTIVE:
To examine rates of recommended of testing and prophylaxis for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and pregnancy in adolescents diagnosed with sexual assault across pediatric emergency departments (EDs) and to determine whether specialized sexual assault pathways and teams are associated with performance of recommended testing and prophylaxis.

METHODS:
In this retrospective study of 12- to 18-year-old adolescents diagnosed with sexual assault at 38 EDs in the Pediatric Hospital Information System database from 2004 to 2013, information regarding routine practice for sexual assault evaluations and presence and year of initiation of specialized ED sexual assault pathways and teams was collected via survey. We examined across-hospital variation and identified patient- and hospital-level factors associated with testing and prophylaxis using logistic regression models, accounting for clustering by hospital.

RESULTS:
Among 12 687 included cases, 93% were female, 79% were &lt;16 years old, 34% were non-Hispanic white, 38% were non-Hispanic black, 21% were Hispanic, and 52% had public insurance. Overall, 44% of adolescents received recommended testing (chlamydia, gonorrhea, pregnancy) and 35% received recommended prophylaxis (chlamydia, gonorrhea, emergency contraception). Across EDs, unadjusted rates of testing ranged from 6% to 89%, and prophylaxis ranged from 0% to 57%. Presence of a specialized sexual assault pathway was associated with increased rates of prophylaxis even after adjusting for case-mix and temporal trends (odds ratio 1.46, 95% confidence interval 1.15 to 1.86).

CONCLUSIONS:
Evaluation and treatment of adolescent sexual assault victims varied widely across pediatric EDs. Adolescents cared for in EDs with specialized sexual assault pathways were more likely to receive recommended prophylaxis.
Identificación molecular de aislamientos de Moniliophthora roreri en huertos de cacao de Norte de Santander, Colombia
Authors: Suárez Contreras Liliana Yanet 
Published: November 2015

El hongo fitopatógeno Moniliophthora roreri produce la moniliasis, una enfermedad que destruye la ma-zorca de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) y, por tanto, reduce la producción del cultivo y los ingresos de los agricultores. En el departamento de Norte de Santander, Colombia, las pérdidas por esta enfermedad pueden alcanzar hasta 60% de la producción. El conocimiento sobre la biología del hongo es escaso y actualmente se están realizando estudios de identificación macroscópica, microscópica, y comportamiento in vitro frente a antagonistas como: Trichoderma asperellum, T. longibrachiatum, Paecilomyces sp. y Baci-llus brevis. En ocho municipios y corregimientos del departamento (El Zulia, Cúcuta, Tibú, Sardinata, Bucarasica, Teorama, Agua clara y El Tarra) se obtuvieron 56 aislamientos de M. roreri con fines de ex-tracción de ADN y análisis de PCR. El método de aislamiento se realizó a partir de mazorcas infectadas por M. roreri, las cuales fueron lavadas con agua destilada, fraccionadas en trozos de 2 x 2 cm y desinfes-tadas con hipoclorito de sodio (2.5%), y alcohol (60%), antes de la siembra en cajas de Petri con medio PDA e incubación por 10 días a 28 °C. Las regiones ribosomales, ITS, (espaciadores internos de transcri-tos) correspondientes al ADNr 18S, ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2 y 25S fueron amplificadas y secuenciadas. Amplico-nes de 600 pb (8 aislamientos), 740 pb (12 aislamientos) y de 750 pb, para los 36 aislamientos restantes. Los tamaños de los amplicones correspondieron a los esperados para la especie M. roreri y los análisis de BLAST confirmaron este nivel de caracterización.
Pathologische Veränderungen bei roten Schwertträgern (Xiphophorus helleri) aufgrund einer Infektion mit motilen Aeromonaden
Authors: Bunnajirakul S. , Pavasutthipaisit S. , Steinhagen D. 
Published: November 2015

ZusammenfassungIn einer Population von roten Schwertträgern (Xiphophorus helleri) aus einem betonierten Freilandteich traten vereinzelte Todesfälle auf. Moribunde Fische mit abdominaler Umfangsvermehrung und Flossenfäule gelangten zur Untersuchung. In der pathologischen Untersuchung wurden Schwellungen der Leber, der Milz und der Niere sowie eine Flüssigkeitsansammlung in der Leibeshöhle beobachtet. Die histopathologische Untersuchung zeigte veränderte Hepatozyten mit einer hochgradigen diffusen Ansammlung von Fettvakuolen im Zytoplasma. In der Rumpfniere ließen sich eine hochgradige Ansammlung von mononukleären Zellen und eine Schwellung der Tubulusepithelzellen nachweisen. Aus den inneren Organen der Schwertträger wurden motile Aeromonas spp. isoliert. Die pathologischen Befunde könnten mit einer chronischen Infektion der Fische mit dem Bakterium, begünstigt durch Stressoren wie nicht adäquate Fütterung und schlechte Haltungsbedingungen (z. B. Wassertemperatur), in Zusammenhang stehen. Die erfolgreiche Therapie bestand aus einer Optimierung von Haltungsbedingungen und Fütterung zur Verbesserung des Gesundheitszustandes in Kombination mit der Verabreichung antibakteriell wirkender Medikamente.
Diferencias en la imagen pública de la ciudad de A Coruña en función del tiempo de permanencia en la ciudad
Authors: González María Ángeles , Dopico Jesús A. , Campos-Juanatey Diego 
Published: November 2015

En este trabajo se analizaron las diferencias en la imagen pública de la ciudad de A Coruña (Spain), entre las personas que llevaban menos de un año en la ciudad, y las que llevaban más de un año residiendo en ella. Se aplicó el cuestionario utilizado por Boira (1992), con algunas modificaciones, a 130 de estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias de Educación de la ciudad. La Torre de Hércules y la Plaza de Pontevedra son elementos representativos para todos ellos. Sin embargo, cuando al grupo que menos tiempo llevaba en la ciudad se le pidió que citara las cinco primeras cosas que recordaba de la ciudad, señaló con más frecuencia las playas de Riazor y Orzán que la Torre de Hércules, y sólo este grupo citó el centro comercial Marineda City entre esos primeros lugares recordados espontáneamente.
El aprendizaje de los estudiantes de primero de carrera evaluado en ocho indicadores
Authors: García-Fuentes-de-la-Fuente Carmen Delia , Manzano-Soto Nuria 
Published: November 2015

En este artículo, se realiza una presentación del tema del aprendizaje en alumnos de primero de carrera universitaria. El tema del aprendizaje se introduce desde la concepción clásica de enfoques de aprendizaje, se menciona el conectivismo de Siemens (2006) por ser un enfoque más adaptado al aprendizaje de la era digital en la que nos encontramos inmersos. Finalmente comentamos los resultados obtenidas en el cuestionario adaptado del de Monereo (1993) sobre autoconocimiento en la forma de estudio. Se comentan los resultados obtenidos en la evaluación de necesidades de los estudiantes de la muestra.
Estrategias de self-handicapping en estudiantes universitarios. Diferencias entre cursos
Authors: Ferradás Mar , Freire Carlos , Rodríguez Susana , Piñeiro Isabel 
Published: November 2015

El self-handicapping constituye una estrategia de autoobstaculización en virtud de la cual el estudiante genera o aduce algún impedimento que coarta sus posibilidades de éxito. De esta manera, si se produce un fracaso académico, existe una causa evidente del mismo y, por tanto, la autovalía del estudiante no se ve comprometida. Se trata, así pues, de un mecanismo motivacional anticipatorio dirigido a priorizar la protección de la competencia personal ante el temor a fracasar. Algunos estudiantes verbalizan la existencia de impedimentos inhibidores del rendimiento (self-handicapping alegado); otros, en cambio, se involucran en la realización de acciones incompatibles con un buen desempeño (self-handicapping conductual). En el presente estudio se analiza la posible existencia de diferencias significativas en la utilización del self-handicapping conductual y alegado en función del curso. Se diseñó un estudio ex post facto prospectivo simple de corte transversal. Participaron en la investigación 691 estudiantes (86%, mujeres; Medad = 21.35; DT = 3.75) de la Universidade da Coruña que cursaban 1º (54.8%) y 3º (45.2%) de grado en titulaciones de Ciencias de la Educación (68.9%) y Ciencias de la Salud (31.1%). El self-handicapping se evaluó a través de la Self-Handicapping Scale, elaborada por Martin. Este instrumento evalúa tanto formas conductuales como alegadas de autoobstaculización. Las diferencias entre cursos se analizaron mediante la prueba T de Student para muestras independientes. Los resultados indican que los estudiantes de tercer curso de Ciencias de la Educación y Ciencias de la Salud se acogen significativamente en mayor medida tanto al self-handicapping conductual como al self-handicapping alegado que los estudiantes de primer curso. Estos hallazgos sugieren que la variable curso está influyendo en la utilización de estos mecanismos autoprotectores. Considerando que el self-handicapping es desadaptativo en términos de implicación y rendimiento académico, se analizan las posibles circunstancias del contexto de aprendizaje que podrían estar influyendo en la adopción de estas tácticas. Asimismo, se proporcionan algunas orientaciones psicoeducativas dirigidas a prevenir la utilización del self-handicapping académico.