bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tissue plasminogen activator deficiency promotes early phase regeneration in the olfactory epithelium after bulbectomy
Authors: Makino Nobuko , Madoiwa Seiji , Ohmori Tsukasa , Katoh Kazuo , Ookawara Shigeo , Kanazawa Takeharu , Matsuo Osamu , Ichikawa Masumi , Mimuro Jun , Ichimura Keiichi , Sakata Yoichi 
Published: November 2012

BackgroundTissue type plasminogen activator (tPA) functions as a fibrinolytic factor in the blood and has unique roles in the nervous system. However, the role of tPA in the olfactory epithelium (OE) is still unclear. Generally, surgical ablation of the olfactory bulb (bulbectomy) triggers degeneration followed by regeneration of OE. In this experimental study, we investigated the role of tPA in OE regeneration.MethodsWild‐type (WT) mice and tPA‐knockout (tPA−/−) mice were subjected to bulbectomy. Reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemical examination was done to detect tPA expression in the olfactory bulb and OE. Cellular proliferation and apoptosis was also monitored in the OE.ResultsBefore bulbectomy, tPA was found to be expressed in the olfactory bulb and OE. OE degenerated to a similar extent in both strains between 0 and 3 days after bulbectomy. However, OE was thicker and contained more cells in tPA−/− mice than in WT mice at 7 days after bulbectomy. Moreover, the number of apoptotic bodies was reduced and the number of proliferating cells was increased in the OE of tPA−/− mice compared to WT mice, after bulbectomy. Transmission electron microscopy revealed continuous degeneration of the OE for up to 7 days after bulbectomy in WT mice. In contrast, we observed some intact olfactory vesicles and almost normal supporting cells in the OE of tPA−/− mice, at 7 days after bulbectomy.ConclusionThe current findings show that the tPA‐plasmin system plays an inhibitory role in the regulation of regeneration in the OE.
Sclerostin antibody prevents particle‐induced implant loosening by stimulating bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption in a rat model
Authors: Liu Shuo , Virdi Amarjit S. , Sena Kotaro , Sumner Dale R. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the ability of sclerostin antibody therapy to blunt the negative effects of polyethylene particles on implant fixation and peri‐implant bone structure in a rat implant fixation model.MethodsThirty‐six adult male rats received intramedullary titanium implants; 12 rats received vehicle injections only (control), and 24 rats received intraarticular injections of lipopolysaccharide‐doped polyethylene particles. Twelve of the rats that received particles also received sclerostin antibody treatment. The 3 groups of rats were maintained for 12 weeks in a pathogen‐free environment, at which time mechanical, micro–computed tomography, and dynamic and static histomorphometry end points were assessed.ResultsSclerostin antibody treatment completely blocked the negative effect of the lipopolysaccharide‐doped polyethylene particles on implant fixation and peri‐implant bone volume by increasing the bone formation rate and depressing bone resorption.ConclusionAnabolic agents targeting the Wnt signaling pathway are a promising new alternative for the prevention of periprosthetic osteolysis and aseptic loosening.
Autophagie als Überlebensstrategie
Authors: Richter‐Landsberg Christiane 
Published: December 2012

AbstractZellen können nicht mehr gebrauchte zelleigene Proteine, ganze Organellen und große Proteinaggregate in ihre Einzelteile zerlegen, diese über einen lysosomalen Degradationsweg verdauen, und die Zerlegungsprodukte dem Stoffwechsel wieder zuführen. Dieser als Autophagie bezeichnete Selbstverdauungsprozess spielt eine wichtige Rolle bei der Aufrechterhaltung des inneren Gleichgewichts der Zellen. Autophagie ist zudem bei Entwicklungs‐ und Differenzierungsprozessen, für die Beseitigung schadhafter Mitochondrien und bei der Regulation von Zelltod und Überleben von Bedeutung. Im Gehirn ist der autophagische Prozess essenziell für die Entsorgung von intrazellulären Proteinen, die anderenfalls krankhafte Aggregate ausbilden. Solche Proteinablagerungen werden bei neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen wie Alzheimer und Parkinson beobachtet und es gibt zahlreiche Hinweise, dass eine fehlerhafte Müllentsorgung an den Krankheitsprozessen beteiligt ist.
Wie war das nochmal mit dem pH‐Wert?
Authors: Hauk Andrea 
Published: December 2012

AbstractJede wässrige Lösung hat einen pH‐Wert, wobei verschiedene Bestandteile der Lösungen dazu führen, dass sie nicht – wie reines Wasser – neutral, sondern mehr oder weniger sauer oder alkalisch reagieren. Zellen und Gewebe, grundsätzlich alle Lebewesen, regulieren die pH‐Werte ihrer inneren Milieus kontinuierlich auf bestimmte Sollwertbereiche. Beispielsweise arbeiten in unserem Magen (pH‐Wert um 2) und Darm (pH‐Wert um 8, 5) Verdauungsenzyme mit verschiedenen pH‐Wert‐Optima. Doch was genau ist eigentlich der pH‐Wert?
Comparing the New European Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Guideline With Prior American Heart Association Guidelines: An Editorial Review
Authors: Ton Van‐Khue , Martin Seth S. , Blumenthal Roger S. , Blaha Michael J. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAtherosclerotic heart disease and stroke remain the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention can improve the well‐being of a population and possibly cut downstream healthcare spending, and must be the centerpiece of any sustainable health economy model. As lifestyle and CVD risk factors differ among ethnicities, cultures, genders, and age groups, an accurate risk assessment model is the critical first step for guiding appropriate use of testing, lifestyle counseling resources, and preventive medications. Examples of such models include the US Framingham Risk Score and the European SCORE system. The European Society of Cardiology recently published an updated set of guidelines on CVD prevention. This review highlights the similarities and differences between European and US risk assessment models, as well as their respective recommendations on the use of advanced testing for further risk reclassification and the appropriate use of medications. In particular, we focus on head‐to‐head comparison of the new European guideline with prior American Heart Association statements (2002, 2010, and 2011) covering risk assessment and treatment of asymptomatic adults. Despite minor disagreements on the weight of recommendations in certain areas, such as the use of coronary calcium score and non–high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol in risk assessment, CVD prevention experts across the 2 continents agree on 1 thing: prevention works in halting the progression of atherosclerosis and decreasing disease burden over a lifetime.The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Interoperating grid infrastructures with the GridWay metascheduler
Authors: Carrión Ismael Marín , Huedo Eduardo , Llorente Ignacio M. 
Published: December 2012

SummaryThis paper describes the GridWay metascheduler and exposes its latest and future developments, mainly related to interoperability and interoperation. GridWay enables large‐scale, reliable, and efficient sharing of computing resources over grid middleware. To favor interoperability, it shows a modular architecture based on drivers, which access middleware services for resource discovery and monitoring, job execution and management, and file transfer. This paper presents two new execution drivers for Basic Execution Service (BES) and Computing Resource Execution and Management (CREAM) services and introduces a remote BES interface for GridWay. This interface allows users to access GridWay's job metascheduling capabilities, using the BES implementation of GridSAM. Thus, GridWay now provides to end users more possibilities of interoperability and interoperation.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Co‐sensitization of Organic Dyes for Efficient Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Cheng Ming , Yang Xichuan , Li Jiajia , Zhang Fuguo , Sun Licheng 
Published: November 2012

AbstractNovel cyanine dyes, in which a tetrahydroquinoline derivative is used as an electron donor and 1‐butyl‐5‐carboxy‐3, 3‐dimethyl‐indol‐1‐ium moiety is used as an electron acceptor and anchoring group, were designed and synthesized for application in dye‐sensitized solar cells. The photovoltaic performance of these solar cells depends markedly on the molecular structure of the dyes in terms of the n‐hexyl chains and the methoxyl unit. Retardation of charge recombination caused by the introduction of n‐hexyl chains resulted in an increase in electron lifetime. As a consequence, an improvement of open‐circuit photovoltage (Voc) was achieved. Also, the electron injection efficiencies were improved by the introduction of methoxyl moiety, which led to a higher short‐circuit photocurrent density (Jsc). The highest average efficiency of the sensitized devices (η) was 5.6 % (Jsc=13.3 mA cm−2, Voc=606 mV, and fill factor FF=69.1 %) under 100 mW cm−2 (AM 1.5G) solar irradiation. All of these dyes have very high absorption extinction coefficients and strong absorption in a relatively narrow spectrum range (500–650 nm), so one of our organic dyes was explored as a sensitizer in co‐sensitized solar cells in combination with the other two other existing organic dyes. Interestingly, a considerably improved photovoltaic performance of 8.2 % (Jsc=20.1 mA cm−2, Voc=597 mV, and FF=68.3 %) was achieved and the device showed a panchromatic response with a high incident photon‐to‐current conversion efficiency exceeding 85 % in the range of 400–700 nm.
Unified Pulse‐Width Modulation Scheme for Improved Digital‐Peak‐Voltage Control of Switching DC‐DC Converters
Authors: Zhou Guohua , Xu Jianping , Zhang Fei 
Published: December 2012

SUMMARYContrast to conventional dependent double‐edge (DDE) pulse‐width modulation (PWM), independent double‐edge (IDE) PWM is investigated and applied to the control of switching dc‐dc converters, with improved digital‐peak‐voltage (IDPV) controlled buck converter in this paper. IDE modulation unifies all the PWM schemes reported up to now and is thus called as unified PWM. It is revealed that conventional trailing‐edge, leading‐edge, trailing‐triangle, and leading‐triangle modulations are special cases of IDE modulation. The control laws of IDPV controlled buck converter with IDE modulation are investigated and compared with those of IDPV with DDE modulation. Their stabilities and robustness are analyzed subsequently. Digital implementation of the unified PWM is also carried out. Steady‐state and transient performances of IDPV controlled buck converters with IDE modulation and DDE modulation are compared and verified by experimental results. It is concluded that steady‐state and transient performances of IDPV with IDE are better than those of IDPV with DDE modulation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation of the Reaction Mechanism for the Epoxidation of Alkenes with Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed by a Protonated Tetranuclear Peroxotungstate with NMR Spectroscopy, Kinetics, and DFT Calculations
Authors: Ishimoto Ryo , Kamata Keigo , Mizuno Noritaka 
Published: December 2012

AbstractFor the epoxidation of cyclooctene with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), the catalytic activity of a dinuclear peroxotungstate, [{WO(O2)2}2(μ‐O)]2–, is strongly dependent on additives, and HClO4 is the most effective. The reaction of [{WO(O2)2}2(μ‐O)]2– with HClO4 (0.5 equiv.) gives a protonated tetranuclear peroxotungstate, [H{W2O2(O2)4(μ‐O)}2]3– (I). The diastereoselectivity for epoxidation of 3‐methyl‐1‐cyclohexene shows that steric constraints of the active site of I are comparable to those of di‐ and tetranuclear peroxotungstates with XO4n– ligands (X = SeVI, AsV, PV, SVI, and SiIV). The lowest XSO [XSO = (nucleophilic oxidation)/(total oxidation)] value of 0.13 for the I‐catalyzed oxidation of thianthrene 5‐oxide among peroxotungstates reveals that I has the most electrophilic active oxygen species. Kinetic and spectroscopic results show that an inactive species (I′) is reversibly formed by the reaction of I with water. Reaction rates for the catalytic epoxidation show first‐order dependences on concentrations of alkene and I and a zero‐order dependence on concentrations of H2O2. All these results indicate that oxygen transfer from I to a C=C double bond in an alkene is the rate‐determining step. Computational studies support the proposed reaction mechanism.
Subtlety of the Spin‐Crossover Phenomenon Observed with Dipyridylamino‐Substituted Triazine Ligands
Authors: Wannarit Nanthawat , Roubeau Olivier , Youngme Sujittra , Gamez Patrick 
Published: November 2012

AbstractReactions of the new, closely related ligands 4,6‐dichloro‐N,N‐di(pyridine‐2‐yl)‐1,3,5‐triazine‐amine (Cldpat) and 6‐chloro‐N′‐phenyl‐N,N‐di(pyridin‐2‐yl)‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4‐diamine (Cladpat) with iron(II) thiocyanate produced coordination compounds with drastically distinct magnetic properties. The compound trans‐[Fe(Cldpat)2(NCS)2](H2O) (1) is a high‐spin complex from room temperature down to 5 K whereas the analogous compound trans‐[Fe(Cladpat)2(NCS)2] (2) exhibits spin‐crossover (SCO) properties with T1/2 = 178 K. Compounds 1 and 2 (both in its low‐spin and high‐spin states) have been structurally characterized by X‐ray diffraction studies, which revealed identical metal coordination spheres. The SCO properties of 2 have been thoroughly investigated by temperature‐dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and a LIESST process with rapid relaxation of the trapped HS species has been observed. The equivalent coordination compound with selenocyanate anions, namely [Fe(Cladpat)2(NCSe)2] (3) also displays SCO properties, although more gradual and with a lower T1/2 value of 166 K.
Synthesis of Monoconjugated and Multiply Conjugated Oligonucleotides by “Click Thiol” Thiol‐Michael‐Type Additions and by Combination with CuAAC “Click Huisgen”
Authors: Meyer Albert , Vasseur Jean‐Jacques , Morvan François 
Published: December 2012

AbstractMonoconjugated and multiply conjugated oligonucleotides were efficiently synthesized by starting from mono‐thiohexyl‐ or tetra‐thiohexyl‐oligonucleotides and treatment with acrylamide derivatives (carbohydrates, ferrocene, biotin, fluorescent dyes, deoxycholic acid). The thiol Michael‐type additions (TMTAs) occurred during the deprotection and release of the oligonucleotides from the solid support, so no additional time for conjugation was needed. Sequential combination either of Copper‐catalyzed Azide–Alkyne Cycloaddition (CuAAC) on solid support and then TMTA or of TMTA followed by CuAAC in solution allowed the synthesis of several oligonucleotides decorated with two different biomolecules.
Morphometric analysis of vascular pathology in the orbitofrontal cortex of older subjects with major depression
Authors: Miguel‐Hidalgo Jose Javier , Jiang Wei , Konick Lisa , Overholser James C. , Jurjus George J. , Stockmeier Craig A. , Steffens David C. , Krishnan K. Ranga R. , Rajkowska Grazyna 
Published: December 2012

ObjectiveLate‐life depression has been associated with risk for cerebrovascular pathology, as demonstrated in neuroimaging studies of older depressed patients, as well as mood disorder following cerebrovascular accidents. However, more research is needed on neuroanatomical changes in late‐life depression, where there has been no clearly documented link to brain injury. Such studies should examine morphological changes in medium and small sized vessels that supply the cortical gray and white matter.MethodsThe present study used a non‐specific histological Nissl staining and a more vessel‐specific immunolabeling with endothelial marker von Willebrand Factor (vWF) to estimate density and size of blood vessel segments in the orbitofrontal cortex of 16 older subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 9 non‐psychiatric comparison subjects.ResultsThe density of Nissl‐stained vessel segments and of segments with perivascular spaces was higher in subjects with MDD than in comparison subjects in gray (GM) and white matter (WM). In GM, the density of vWF‐immunoreactive segments with cross‐sectional areas greater than 800 µm2 was higher in MDD. In WM, only the density of vWF‐immunoreactive segments with patent perivascular spaces and diameters larger than 60 µm was higher in subjects with MDD. Also in the WM, only subjects with late‐onset MDD presented a significantly higher density of vWF‐positive segments than comparison subjects.ConclusionsIn older subjects with MDD, there appear to be morphological changes that increase visibility of medium‐sized vessel segments with some labeling techniques, and this increased visibility may be related to increased patency of perivascular spaces around arterioles. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Weight changes in Alzheimer's disease patients with increased aberrant motor behavior
Authors: Secher Marion , Andrieu Sandrine , Gillette‐Guyonnet Sophie , Soto Maria , Rolland Yves , Cantet Christelle , Vellas Bruno , Ritz Patrick ,   The REAL.fr Group
Published: December 2012

ObjectiveWeight loss and behavioral disturbances are frequent over the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and are risk factors for poor outcome. We investigated the impact of aberrant motor behavior (AMB) on weight changes in older adults with AD. The hypothesis that patients with AMB are more likely to lose weight than patients without AMB was assessed.MethodsA prospective study of 686 patients with moderate AD from the REAL.FR cohort was assessed. The AMB at baseline was defined by the item 10 from the Neuropsychiatric Inventory scale (NPI‐10). Patients were classified as “no or light AMB” (NPI‐10 < 4), and “significant AMB” (NPI‐10 ≥ 4). Weight changes were determined over the 4‐year follow‐up.ResultsThe mean weight change over the 4 years was +2.2 ± 0.9 kg in patients with “significant AMB,” whereas weight remained stable in patients with “no or light AMB” (p = 0.02).ConclusionOlder adults with moderate AD and “significant AMB” do gain weight. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bio‐inspired Immobilization of Cell‐Adhesive Ligands on Electrospun Nanofibrous Patches for Cell Delivery
Authors: Shin Young Min , Jun Indong , Lim Youn‐Mook , Rhim Taiyoun , Shin Heungsoo 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAn electrospun fibrous mesh functionalized with a cell‐adhesive peptide inspired by polydopamine coating is developed as a novel cardiac patch. The amount of polydopamine on the PLCL meshes is affected by several parameters such as pH, concentration, reaction time, and temperature. Immobilization of RGD peptide is then easily achieved on the polydopamine‐coated meshes. The RGD‐peptide‐immobilized meshes increase adhesion of the myoblasts under serum‐free conditions, and also significantly up‐regulate their proliferation and the formation of multi‐nucleated myotubes. Therefore, RGD‐peptide‐functionalized, electrospun cardiac patches prepared by polydopamine coating method can be a useful tool to replace damaged myocardium. magnified image
Effectiveness of Marketing Cues on Consumer Perceptions of Quality: The Moderating Roles of Brand Reputation and Third‐Party Information
Authors: Akdeniz Billur , Calantone Roger J. , Voorhees Clay M. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTConsumers usually infer unobservable product quality by processing multiple‐quality cues in the environment. Prior research considering the simultaneous effects of marketing cues on consumer quality perceptions is sparse. Despite the growing importance of third‐party information, research examining its simultaneous effects with marketing cues on consumers’ decision making is especially absent. This research, drawing on cue‐diagnosticity, cue‐consistency, and negativity bias theories, proposes and tests a conceptual framework to reveal interplays among various marketing‐ and nonmarketing‐controlled product cues. The first study examines how two‐ and three‐way interactions of high‐scope (i.e., brand reputation) and low‐scope marketing cues (i.e., price and warranty) affect consumer perceptions. The second study examines a set of interaction effects between third‐party quality ratings and marketing cues (i.e., price and warranty) on consumers’ perceptions. Overall, the results reveal theoretical and managerial implications for processing multiple‐quality cues in consumers’ inference‐making behaviors and suggest that consumers generally aggregate perceptions in more complex ways than suggested in the prior literature when making global product quality evaluations.
J‐difference editing of gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA): Simulated and experimental multiplet patterns
Authors: Near Jamie , Evans C. John , Puts Nicolaas A. J. , Barker Peter B. , Edden Richard A. E. 
Published: December 2012

Purpose: To investigate factors that influence the multiplet pattern observed in J‐difference editing of gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA).Methods: Density matrix simulations were applied to investigate the shape of the 3 ppm GABA multiplet as a function of the editing sequence's slice‐selective refocusing pulse properties, in particular bandwidth, transition width, and flip angle. For comparison to the calculations, experimental measurements were also made at 3 T on a 10 mM GABA solution using the MEGA‐PRESS sequence at various refocusing pulse flip angles.Results: Good agreement was found between experiments and simulations. The edited multiplet consists of two outer lines of slightly unequal intensity due to strong coupling, and a smaller central line, the result of the unequal J‐couplings between the C4 and C3 protons. The size of the center peak increases with increasing slice‐selective refocusing pulse transition width, and deviation of the flip angle from 180°.Conclusion: The 3 ppm GABA multiplet pattern observed in the MEGA‐PRESS experiment depends quite strongly on the properties of the slice‐selective refocusing pulses used. Under some circumstance, the central peak can be quite large; this does not necessarily indicate inefficient editing, or a subtraction artifact, but should be recognized as a property of the pulse sequence itself. Magn Reson Med 70:1183–1191, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.