bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical profile and outcome of COVID-19 in children with comorbidity in a tertiary care teaching hospital: An observational study
Authors: Dontamala Suchitra , Pabbati Jayalakshmi , Kumar Banoth Ravi , George J N 
Published: August 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in majority of children manifests as mild to moderate illness and low rate of severe/critical illness/fatality. There is limited information about the SARS-CoV-2 infection, clinical profile and outcome in children with comorbid conditions. To analyze the clinical profile, severity and outcome of COVID-19 in children with and without comorbidity. An observational study was conducted in the pediatric unit of tertiary care hospital. Children between 1-12 years with positive RT PCR report for COVID-19 were included. All admitted children were classified into comorbidity and without comorbidity groups. They were assessed clinically, categorized as mild, moderate and severe based on Ministry Of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW) guidelines and Outcomes were measured.Categorical variables were compared using Chi-square test and Proportions were compared using Fisher's Exact test. Probability (p) value less than 0.05 was taken as significant. Fever (100%) was the most common presentation, followed by cough (61.8%). Respiratory distress (41.6%) and hypoxia (37.5%) were the significant (p value &#60;0.05) respiratory manifestations in children with comorbidity. Mean duration of hospital stay was longer for children with comorbidities (10.25days) compared to those without comorbidities (7.93days). Children with comorbidity, 50 % of them required respiratory support and 41.6% had severe COVID-19. Children without comorbidity, 19.35% needed respiratory support and same had severe COVID-19. Our study shows mortality of 0.5% in COVID-19 children. COVID-19 in comorbid children had a statistically significant impact on clinical presentation but no impact on outcomes of disease.
Cytomorphological study of body fluids- An attempt to know its role in diagnosis
Authors: Supriya Siddavatam , Lekha MB , Manjunatha YA 
Published: August 2024

Body fluid cytology is a routinely performed procedure. It is simple, cost-effective and acts as a first-line investigation in the evaluation of effusions. The inflow and outflow of fluid in the potential spaces of pleural, peritoneal and pericardial cavities is governed by starling forces. In case of tumors, study of effusion cytology helps in the diagnosis and staging process. To study cytomorphology of various body fluids and know their role in diagnosis.The present study is a retrospective descriptive study of 100 cases of various body fluids such as pleural, peritoneal, cerebrospinal and synovial fluids which were received in the department of pathology, at a tertiary care center from July 2019 to December 2020.Data was retrieved from records maintained in the department of pathology. Slides were reviewed if considered necessary. In cases positive for malignancy, histopathology records were checked for correlation. 100 fluids were studied. Age group varied between 10 days and 90 years. Maximum number of cases was in the range of 41 to 50 years with 23 cases (23%). Most common fluid was pleural fluid (46%), followed by ascitic fluid(41%), CSF (7%) and synovial fluid (6%). From our study, we could conclude that cytological evaluation of body fluids plays an important role in initial screening for presence of acute and chronic inflammatory cells, tumor cells. It also helps in staging of tumors where the presence of tumor cells increases the stage of tumor.
Bacteriological profile of diabetic foot ulcer
Authors: DC Shwetha , D Venkatesha 
Published: August 2024

Infected Diabetic foot ulcer is the common cause of hospitalization among patients with diabetes mellitus. Amputation of the lower limbs is the most common complication of Diabetic foot ulcer & infection is the cause in majority of the cases. Hence, Characterizing the bacteriological profile & antibiotic susceptibility testing is very important for the effective management of Diabetic foot ulcer. Swabs from infected Diabetic foot ulcer were inoculated on to Blood agar & MacConkey agar. The bacterial identification was done according to standard protocol. The Antibiotic susceptibility testing for the isolated bacteria was done on Mueller Hinton agar by Kirby Bauer’s Disc Diffusion method.134 aerobic bacteria were isolated from 110 diabetic patients. Among Gram positive cocci, (11.9%) was the predominant isolate followed by Coagulase negative Staphylococci (4.5%) & spp (7.5%). (18.6%) was the predominantly isolated Gram-negative bacilli followed by Klebsiella spp (17.1%), spp (11.2%), Pseudomonas spp (7.5%), spp (7.5%), spp (7.5%), Non-fermenting Gram negative bacilli (5.2%) & spp (1.5%). We found variations in the antibiotic sensitivity of isolated pathogens. 13.7% of Gram-negative bacilli were Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producers & 31.2% of Staphylococci were Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).Our study shows that the repeated bacteriological evaluation & their antibiotic susceptibility is paramount in the management of infected Diabetic foot ulcer & the abuse of antibiotics should be restrained to prevent the emergence of antibiotic resistance.
Radio-anatomical observation of volume, anterior wall thickness and pneumatisation pattern of frontal sinus
Authors: A Arun Kumar , G Venkatesh , T S Gugapriya , N Vinay Kumar , Deulkar Snehal 
Published: August 2024

: Frontal sinus occupies anatomically vital position in the cranium. Variations in dimension of the sinus between sides, gender were available. The functional role of the sinus was much debated in literature. Occurrence of frontal bone fracture in a significant proportion of facial trauma necessitates the study of anatomical structural and dimensional parameters of frontal sinus.: Computerised tomography of 119 paranasal images were finally studied after excluding paediatric, pathological and trauma cases. In axial and sagittal planes antero-posterior (AP), width, height, anterior wall thickness at orbital roof level were measured. Volume of sinus was computed for both sides using AP x width x height x 0.52. Independent “t” test and person’s correlation coefficient were used for analysis statistically.: The Mean AP, width and height were found to be 20.46 mm, 26.92 mm, 24.29 mm respectively. The mean volume of frontal sinus was 6.4 ± 3.4 cm, 7.6 ± 3.6 cm on the right and left side respectively and showed significant value (P&#60;0.05). The mean anterior wall thickness of frontal sinus was 2.5 0.8mm on right and 2.7 0.8 mm on left side with significant difference (p&#60;0.05). Corelation between volume and anterior wall thickness was found to be weakly positive. Bilateral agenesis/aplasia was seen in 12.61% and unilateral agenesis/aplasia was observed in 19.32% with male predominance.: The width, anterior wall thickness and volume of frontal sinus showed statistically significance difference between sides. Weakly positive correlation was found between volume and anterior wall thickness. Aplasia was observed more in prevalence with male preponderance.
Evaluation of the relationship between anatomical variations of the sinonasal cavity and chronic rhinosinusitis through ct scan at a tertiary care center in central India
Authors: Awasthi Aprajita , Bose A , Gupta Yamini , Srivastava S 
Published: August 2024

The correlation between Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) and the sinonasal cavity is a subject of ongoing debate. Further in-depth research is needed to understand their role in the pathogenicity and chronicity of CRS. The primary objective of this study is to systematically investigate potential associations between anatomical variations within the sinonasal cavity and the prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis in the population of Central India. In this study, 100 cases, aged 18 to 42 years, presenting clinical features of CRS unresponsive to medical management for 8 weeks or more, underwent CT scans of the paranasal sinus region as part of routine medical assessment. The control cohort consisted of 100 individuals who had undergone CT scans of the paranasal sinus region for non-chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) related reasons and did not manifest any symptoms associated with CRS. Subsequently, the gathered data underwent calculation and rigorous statistical analysis. Agger nasi cells were the most prevalent anatomical variation, found in 68.5% of the study population, followed by a deviated nasal septum (64%), Concha bullosa (57%), Paradoxical middle turbinate (20.5%), Pneumatized uncinate process (1.5%), and Haller cells (15%). The frequency of occurrence of these variations between the CRS group and the control group was not statistically significant (p &#62; 0.05). Therefore, no discernible relationship exists between the presence of anatomical variations examined in the study and the pathogenesis and chronicity of CRS. While these anatomical variations may not directly indicate the presence or severity of CRS, they could serve as early indicators. This underscores the importance of lifestyle modifications to counteract the disease at its nascent stage. This study, along with similar research, holds valuable insights for ENT surgeons and radiologists, aiding in the prevention of damage to these variations during sinusitis surgery. Further detailed studies are warranted to enhance our understanding of the role of these variations in the etiopathogenesis of CRS.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA MATH POWER GAMES BERKONSEP GAMIFIKASI UNTUK PENGUATAN LITERASI NUMERASI SISWA
Authors: Nur'Aida Martalia , Permana Erwin Putera , Imron Ilmawati Fahmi 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini mengembangkan media pembelajaran math power games yang inovatif dan menyenangkan. Inovatif dan menyenangkan untuk membantu siswa menyelesaikan dengan mudah dalam memperkuat literasi numerasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi numerasi siswa kelas 5 di SDN Gedangsewu 1. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan model ADDIE (Analisa, Desain, Pengembangan, Pelaksanaan, dan Evaluasi). Subyek penelitian sebanyak 49 siswa. Hasil uji ahli media dan ahli materi mencapai 87% dengan kategori sangat valid. Kepraktisan dihitung dan diperoleh skor 90%. Nilai KBK sebesar 97,14 dan rata-rata nilai postest 96,28 dengan kategori sangat efektif. Capaian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa media Math Power Games layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan literasi numerasi siswa kelas V dan juga mendorong guru untuk mengembangkan sarana pembelajaran yang inovatif.
ANALISIS EMPAT STANDAR KOMPETENSI GURU DI LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Kurnia Ira Restu , Barokah Awalina , Edora Edora , Syafitri Inayah 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kesadaran akan pentingnya kompetensi guru dalam penyelenggaraan pembelajaran. penelitian ini mendeskripsikan mengenai kompetensi guru yang dimiliki oleh guru di SDN Mekar Mukti 05. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualtatif deskriptif. Peneliti menggunakan instrument observasi dan wawancara kepada subjek penelitian. Hasil penelitian diperoleh data bahwa guru SDN Mekar Mukti 05 memiliki empat standar kompetensi yang harus dimiliki oleh guru. Kegiatan yang dilakukan senantiasa mencerminkan upaya untuk selalu meningkatkan kompetensi tersebut guna terwujudnya pembelajaran yang efektif dan mencapai tujuan pembelajaran.
Kata kunci: Kompetensi, Guru, Pembelajaran
Strengthening the Profile of Pancasila Students through the Development of Mathematical Logic E-Books Integrated with Moral Value
Authors: Nihayati Nihayati , Astuti Robia , Sutriningsih Naning , Pasha M Kemal , Feliza Destri Anggita , Gunawan Dadang 
Published: August 2024

Moral decadence in students requires character strengthening to form the nation's generation by the goals of national education as stated in the 2003 National Education System Law. The formation of student's character can be realized through strengthening the Pancasila student profile in a learning process. The use of learning media that is interactive and integrated with moral values ​​is one of the efforts to realize the Pancasila student profile. So this research aims to produce a mathematical logic E-Book that is feasible and effective for use in the learning process to support strengthening the profile of Pancasila students. This type of research is R&D (Research and Development) development research which refers to the ADDIE development model. The subjects in this research were class XII students at Pringsewu Muhammadiyah High School. The data analysis techniques used are feasibility tests based on material expert assessments, learning design expert assessments, learning media expert assessments, user (teacher) assessments, effectiveness tests based on observations of student activities, student response questionnaires, and learning outcomes tests. The research results show that based on expert assessment, the material is substantially correct there are no conceptual errors and the average in other aspects is 4.4, so the e-book is considered appropriate. Meanwhile, based on trials, it was obtained that student activity results reached an average of 94.3%, positive student responses reached 86.8% and student learning results reached 88.89%, so it can be concluded that e-books are considered effective in learning.
Keywords: E-Book, Mathematica Logic, Moral Values, Pancasila Student Profile
Identifikasi Eschericia coli dan Salmonella sp. pada Air Kolam Renang Candi Pari
Authors: Khakim Lukmanul , Rini Chylen Setiyo 
Published: August 2024

Incorrect treatment of swimming pool can contaminate the water with bacteria. Common bacteria in water are Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp, both of which may infect the users of the swimming pool. Infection causes diarrhea and high fever on humans. The aim of this research is to investigate the contamination of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp at Candi pari swimming pool. Research design used in this research is the development of EMB and SSA selective medium, gram coloring test, and biochemical test to confirm the presence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. Resultsfrom this research is the growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp from 1 ml sample which were inoculated on selective medium. Conclusion from this research is from 2 samples taken from Candi Pari swimming pool, both are positively contaminated with Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp.
Role of House Fly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) as a Mechanical Vector of pathogenic Bacteria in Thi Qar Province
Authors: Lhoak Hussein Anad , Al-Awadi Alaa Hussein 
Published: August 2024

The common house fly, known as Musca domestica, has been acknowledged to carry and spread numerous contagious illnesses. The purpose of this investigation is to uncover the extent of the house fly's involvement as a carrier of harmful bacteria that can lead to diseases in both humans and animals. To accomplish this goal, a collection process was conducted using manual traps from March 2023 until July 2023. I collected house flies from various locations in Thi Qar province. A total of 370 samples were gathered, out of which 270 flies were utilized to isolate bacteria from both the outer and inner surfaces. To identify the house flies, I sent 100 of them to the Natural History Museum at the University of Basra. The current study recorded among 270 flies 104 (38.52%) have not bacteria, while 166 (61.48%) have bacteria. The results were recorded the highest isolated bacteria from outer surface 94 (34.81%) and 72 (26.67%) from inner surface, in contrast the lowest negative bacteria were from outer surface 41 (15.19%), and 63 (23.33%) inner surfaces. The study recorded the highest number of isolated bacteria were from Arido 23 (8.52%), followed in both Al-Sharqiyah and Altathhia 22 (8.15%), followed by Shuhadda, Ur and Summer 21 (7.78%), while the lowest isolated bacteria were in Shmoukh 4 (1.48%), followed in both Aledara almahaleia 14 (5.19%). The current study recorded the most isolated bacteria was P. Vulgaris 21 (20.19%), followed by P. mirabilis 18 (17.31%), followed by S. aureus 11 (10.58%), in contrast the lowest isolated bacteria were P. stuartii 1 (0.96%), followed by both S. paucimobilis and S. maltophilia 2 (1.92%).
A New Brittleness Evaluation Index for Reservoir Rocks Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and Energy Dissipation
Authors: Lin Chong , Deng Shuowen , Mao Jincheng , Jiang Zhiwei , Chen Xueyong , Yang Xiaojiang , Zhang Yang , He Jianming , Li Yongshun , Zheng Chongwei 
Published: August 2024

Summary
Accurate and quantitative evaluation of rock brittleness is essential for optimizing hydraulic fracturing parameter design. Specific aspects of rock brittleness can be characterized based on mineral composition, strength parameter, stress-strain, and elasticity parameter. However, in characterizing the effect of high confining pressure on rock brittleness, these advantages have not been shown for various reasons. The essence of rock fracture resides in the accrual and dissipation of energy, concomitant with the transformation of three distinct energy modalities: elastic energy, dissipated energy, and post-peak release energy. In this study, we proposed a new brittle index for reservoir rocks considering the interactions of the energy evolution process in different stages. The associated Bii values are computed through the analysis of energy evolution based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy analysis process (FAHP) method. Tri-axial compression tests were conducted on granite, shale, and sandstone specimens under different confining pressures for the validation of the proposed brittleness evaluation (BE) index. The results indicate a decreasing trend in the brittleness index with increasing confining pressure. Comparative analysis with other existing brittleness evaluation indexes demonstrates that the new brittleness evaluation index offers a more precise evaluation of the brittleness of various rock types.
Causal relationship between lipid-lowering drugs and ocular disorders: A drug-targeted Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Huang Yilan , Dong Wenjie , Zhong Min , Li Qiuyu , Jiang Longyang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Most ocular diseases are associated with lipid metabolism, but the exact mechanisms are unclear. Statins, PCSK9 inhibitors and NPC1L1 inhibitors are common lipid-modulating agents. The aim of this study was to explore the causal relationship between common lipid-lowering drugs and ocular diseases through Mendelian randomization analysis.
Methods
In this study, we used the summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) method and inverse-variance-weighted Mendelian randomization (IVW-MR). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was used as a biomarker. We then obtained instrumental variables (IVs) from the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium (GLGC) (n = 173082) and UK Biobank (n = 440546). The 3-Hydroxy-9-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) was obtained from a cohort study containing 31,684 blood samples. Summary data for ocular diseases were obtained from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) database.
Results
IVW-MR showed that statins increased the risk of allergic conjunctivitis (OR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.30–2.95, P = 0.001) and diabetic retinopathy (OR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.67–3.99, P < 0.001). PCSK9 inhibitors reduced the risk of allergic conjunctivitis (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.47–0.95, P = 0.02) but increased the risk of glaucoma (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.06–1.43, P = 0.006). The SMR approach showed that inhibition of HMGCR significantly elevated the risk of allergic conjunctivitis (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.11–1.45, P < 0.001) and diabetic retinopathy (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.33–1.84, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
The study found that statin elevated the risk of allergic conjunctivitis and diabetic retinopathy. PCSK9 inhibitors reduced the risk of allergic conjunctivitis but elevated the risk of glaucoma. But more mechanisms remain to be further explored.
Disparity in Periocular Manifestations between Hemifacial Spasm and Post-Paralytic facial Syndrome
Authors: Alsuhaibani Adel , Ahmed Ali , Alsulaiman Naif 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aims to describe the differences in periocular manifestations among patients with hemifacial spasm and post-paralytic facial syndrome.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted at two tertiary-care eye centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data of patients with hemifacial spasm and post seventh nerve paralytic facial syndrome who received management and follow-up at the two hospitals were collected from the electronic medical records.
Results
We had a total of 67 subjects with abnormal facial movement, out of which 33 patients had hemifacial spasm and 34 patients had post-paralytic facial syndrome. 39 (58.2%) were female and 28 (41.8%) were male. The average age of the subjects under study was 46.5 years. Clinical features were noted for patients with hemifacial spasm including orofacial muscle twitching in 31 patients (93.9%), eyelid ptosis in five patients (15%), reveres ptosis in one patients (3%), no brow ptosis, and complaints of one eye being smaller than the other eye in five patients (15%). Among patients with post-paralytic facial syndrome, orofacial muscle twitching was found in 23 patients (67.6%), eyelid ptosis in 32 patients (94%), reveres ptosis in 29 patients (85.3%), brow ptosis in 28 patients (82.4%), and complaints of one eye being smaller than the other eye in 94.1%.
Conclusion
We have observed that patients with post-paralytic facial syndrome tend to exhibit periocular manifestations such as eyelid ptosis, reverse ptosis and brow ptosis more frequently than patients with hemifacial spasm.
Carbon storage and fluxes from Sphagnum peatlands of the Bogong High Plains, Australia
Authors: Treby Sarah , Gunawardhana Meeruppage , Grover Samantha , Carnell Paul 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Australian alpine peatlands are critically important ecosystems that deliver a range of valuable services. However, our understanding of these services in Australia, particularly peatland carbon cycling, is lacking. Here, we investigated quantified peat soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) concentrations, C:N ratios, and C density in eight Sphagnum-dominated peatlands on the Bogong High Plains, southeastern Australia. Soil C and N concentrations averaged 16.5 ± 13.2% and 0.6 ± 0.4%, respectively. C:N ratios averaged 30.9 ± 20.4, and C density averaged 46.6 ± 20.7 mg C cm− 3. Our findings suggest that (1) these peatlands are significant C stores; (2) peat biogeochemistry is highly variable between sites, even at small spatial scales; and (3) while not a direct focus of the study, peat depths in this area were relatively shallow, ranging from 30–60 cm, possibly due to previous disturbance. Additionally, we present preliminary data investigating CO2 and CH4 fluxes at these sites. We recommend that future research includes (1) age dating peat cores to better understand the role of disturbance in peat accumulation and loss; and (2) long-term C flux studies at multiple peatland sites.