bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microstructures of economic action: talk, interaction and the bottom line
Authors: Llewellyn Nick 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis paper contributes to an expanding body of research that has analysed the interactional foundations of economic activity, and price determination, by quantifying the financial implications of different micro‐interactional practices. Drawing on video recordings of naturalistic interaction the paper analyses a simple consumer choice, whether to pay one of two prices, the lower ‘standard’ price (£8.00) or the higher ‘gift aid’ (£8.80) price, to enter an arts institution. Utilizing resources from conversation analysis, the paper analyses different ways of posing this choice. It describes how, as interactional constraints tighten, standard prices become less socially desirable and customers increasingly ‘volunteer’ to pay the higher price. The paper contributes to sociological understandings of economic activity, demonstrating how simple one‐off choices, and prices, are accountably responsive to micro‐interactional structures.
Evaluating Clinical Practice Guidelines Based on Their Association with Return to Work in Administrative Claims Data
Authors: Roberts Eric T. , DuGoff Eva H. , Heins Sara E. , Swedler David I. , Castillo Renan C. , Feldman Dorianne R. , Wegener Stephen T. , Canudas‐Romo Vladimir , Anderson Gerard F. 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveTo examine the association between non‐adherence to clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and time to return to work (RTW) for patients with workplace injuries.Data Sources/Study SettingSecondary analysis of medical billing and disability data for 148,199 for shoulder and back injuries from a workers' compensation insurer.Study DesignCox proportional hazard regression is used to estimate the association between time to RTW and receipt of guideline‐discordant care. We test the robustness of our findings to an omitted confounding variable.Data CollectionCollected by the insurer from the time an injury was reported, through recovery or last follow‐up.Principal FindingsReceiving guideline‐discordant care was associated with slower RTW for only some guidelines. Early receipt of care, and getting less than the recommended amount of care, were correlated with faster RTW. Excessive physical therapy, bracing, and injections were associated with slower RTW.ConclusionsThere is not a consistent relationship between performance on CPGs and RTW. The association between performance on CPG and RTW is difficult to measure in observational data, because analysts cannot control for omitted variables that affect a patient's treatment and outcomes. CPGs supported by observational studies or randomized trials may have a more certain relationship to health outcomes.
Evidence for facultative deciduousness in Colophospermum mopane in semi‐arid African savannas
Authors: Stevens Nicola , Archibald Sally A. , Nickless Alecia , Swemmer Anthony , Scholes Robert J. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractLeaf phenology dictates the time available for carbon assimilation, transpiration and nutrient uptake in plants. Understanding the environmental cues that control phenology is therefore vital for predicting climate‐related changes to plant and ecosystem function. In contrast to temperate systems, and to a lesser degree, tropical forest systems, the cues initiating leaf drop in tropical savannas are poorly studied. We investigated the cues for leaf fall in a tropical monodominant arid savanna species, Colophospermum mopane, using an irrigation experiment. We tracked soil moisture, solar radiation, air temperature, leaf water status, leaf health and leaf carbon balance through the dry season in both irrigated and control plants. Water was the primary cue driving leaf loss of C. mopane rather than temperature or light. Trees watered throughout the dry season retained their canopies. These leaves remained functional and continued photosynthesis throughout the dry season. Leaf carbon acquisition rates did not decline with leaf age but were affected by soil moisture availability and temperature. Leaf loss did not occur when leaf carbon gain was zero, or when a particular leaf carbon threshold was reached. Colophospermum mopane is facultatively deciduous as water availability determines leaf drop in this widespread arid savanna species. Obligate deciduosity is not the only successful strategy in climates with a long dry season.
Benefits and problems of health‐care robots in aged care settings: A comparison trial
Authors: Broadbent Elizabeth , Kerse Ngaire , Peri Kathryn , Robinson Hayley , Jayawardena Chandimal , Kuo Tony , Datta Chandan , Stafford Rebecca , Butler Haley , Jawalkar Pratyusha , Amor Maddy , Robins Ben , MacDonald Bruce 
Published: September 2015

AimThis study investigated whether multiple health‐care robots could have any benefits or cause any problems in an aged care facility.MethodFifty‐three residents and 53 staff participated in a non‐randomised controlled trial over 12 weeks. Six robots provided entertainment, communication and health‐monitoring functions in staff rooms and activity lounges. These settings were compared to control settings without robots.ResultsThere were no significant differences between groups in resident or staff outcomes, except a significant increase in job satisfaction in the control group only. The intervention group perceived the robots had more agency and experience than the control group did. Perceived agency of the robots decreased over time in both groups. Overall, we received very mixed responses with positive, neutral and negative comments.ConclusionsThe robots had no major benefits or problems. Future research could give robots stronger operational roles, use more specific outcome measures, and perform cost–benefit analyses.
Treatment Efficacy and Safety During Plasma Exchange With Citrate Anticoagulation: A Randomized Study of 4 Versus 15% Citrate
Authors: Antonic Manja , Gubensek Jakob , Buturovic‐Ponikvar Jadranka , Ponikvar Rafael 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn plasma exchange (PE), contrary to dialysis, there is no ultrafiltration, and the volume of anticoagulant contributes to volume overload of the patient and might also reduce PE efficiency through dilution. To reduce the volume of citrate, we compared 4 and 15% citrate anticoagulation protocols in PE in a randomized study, aiming to evaluate PE efficacy, anticoagulation efficiency, and overall safety. In addition to standard biochemical analyses during PE treatments, the elimination rate (ER) of immunoglobulins was calculated to evaluate PE efficacy. Anticoagulation was evaluated by postfilter ionized calcium, visual evaluation of the extracorporeal system, and change in the sieving coefficient (SC) during PE. Accumulation of citrate was determined by calculating the total‐to‐ionized calcium ratio and measuring the citrate concentration after PE. One hundred forty procedures (70 in each group) were performed in 37 patients. The mean citrate infusion rate was 197 ± 10 mL/h in the 4% and 59 ± 5.5 mL/h in the 15% groups, respectively; the total volume of infused citrate was 502 ± 77 mL versus 164 ± 52 mL (P < 0.001). ER for immunoglobulin G (0.57 ± 0.06 vs. 0.55 ± 0.1, P = 0.18), M, and A were comparable. Ionized calcium was stable during the procedures, and there were no significant side effects. Although postfilter ionized calcium was on the upper limit of the target range (0.41 ± 0.16 vs. 0.37 ± 0.14 mmol/L, P = 0.38), the visual assessment score was excellent, and even a rise in SC was observed during the procedures in both groups. The total‐to‐ionized calcium ratio was increased in 20 versus 22% of procedures, and citrate concentrations after PE were also similar (1306 ± 441 vs. 1263 ± 405 μmol/L). To conclude, we were unable to show superior PE efficacy in the 15% citrate group, but we significantly reduced the infused volume, which is important in patients with fluid overload. Both citrate protocols were found to provide excellent anticoagulation without significant metabolic disturbances or other side effects, confirming the safety of 15% citrate as anticoagulant during PE.
Identifying 24 h variation in the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin: a population pharmacokinetic approach
Authors: Kervezee Laura , Stevens Jasper , Birkhoff Willem , Kamerling Ingrid M. C. , de Boer Theo , Dröge Melloney , Meijer Johanna H. , Burggraaf Jacobus 
Published: September 2015

AimThe objective of this study was to investigate whether the pharmacokinetics of orally administered levofloxacin show 24 h variation. Levofloxacin was used as a model compound for solubility and permeability independent absorption and passive renal elimination.MethodsIn this single centre, crossover, open label study, 12 healthy subjects received an oral dose of 1000 mg levofloxacin at six different time points equally divided over the 24 h period. Population pharmacokinetic modelling was used to identify potential 24 h variation in the pharmacokinetic parameters of this drug.ResultsThe pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin could be described by a one compartment model with first order clearance and a transit compartment to describe drug absorption. The fit of the model was significantly improved when the absorption rate constant was described as a cosine function with a fixed period of 24 h, a relative amplitude of 47% and a peak around 08.00 h in the morning. Despite this variation in absorption rate constant, simulations of a once daily dosing regimen showed that tmax, Cmax and the area under the curve at steady‐state were not affected by the time of drug administration.ConclusionThe finding that the absorption rate constant showed considerable 24 h variation may be relevant for drugs with similar physicochemical properties as levofloxacin that have a narrower therapeutic index. Levofloxacin, however, can be dosed without taking into account the time of day, at least in terms of its pharmacokinetics.
Life‐threatening hemorrhage associated with dental implant surgery: a review of the literature
Authors: Tomljenovic Branka , Herrmann Seraina , Filippi Andreas , Kühl Sebastian 
Published: September 2015

AbstractObjectivesLife‐threatening bleeding may occur during implant placement.PurposeThe present review was conducted to evaluate the localization, the symptoms, and therapies of life‐threatening bleedings associated with implant placement.Material and MethodsA literature review including 590 articles was performed in PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane database. Any article reporting on life‐threatening bleeding was included which additionally reported on the site of implant surgery.ResultsTwenty‐seven cases were extracted. In the majority of the cases, bleeding occurred in the anterior interforaminal region. Aside local management stopping the bleedings, most cases required intubation or tracheotomy.ConclusionsSurgeons must be aware of the risk of severe bleedings during implant surgery and should immediately refer patients to a specialized clinic in suspicious or proved cases.
Design principles for engaging and retaining virtual citizen scientists
Authors: Wald Dara M. , Longo Justin , Dobell A. R. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCitizen science initiatives encourage volunteer participants to collect and interpret data and contribute to formal scientific projects. The growth of virtual citizen science (VCS), facilitated through websites and mobile applications since the mid‐2000s, has been driven by a combination of software innovations and mobile technologies, growing scientific data flows without commensurate increases in resources to handle them, and the desire of internet‐connected participants to contribute to collective outputs. However, the increasing availability of internet‐based activities requires individual VCS projects to compete for the attention of volunteers and promote their long‐term retention. We examined program and platform design principles that might allow VCS initiatives to compete more effectively for volunteers, increase productivity of project participants, and retain contributors over time. We surveyed key personnel engaged in managing a sample of VCS projects to identify the principles and practices they pursued for these purposes and led a team in a heuristic evaluation of volunteer engagement, website or application usability, and participant retention. We received 40 completed survey responses (33% response rate) and completed a heuristic evaluation of 20 VCS program sites. The majority of the VCS programs focused on scientific outcomes, whereas the educational and social benefits of program participation, variables that are consistently ranked as important for volunteer engagement and retention, were incidental. Evaluators indicated usability, across most of the VCS program sites, was higher and less variable than the ratings for participant engagement and retention. In the context of growing competition for the attention of internet volunteers, increased attention to the motivations of virtual citizen scientists may help VCS programs sustain the necessary engagement and retention of their volunteers.
Malignant mesothelioma with fungating masses and multiple sites involvement
Authors: Sim Jae Kyeom , Oh Jee Youn , Min Kyung Hoon , Hur Gyu Young , Shim Jae Jeong , Kang Kyung Ho , Lee Sung Yong 
Published: September 2015

AbstractMalignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare tumor associated with asbestos exposure. It typically presents as thickening or nodularity of the pleura, although it can also originate from other sites consisting of mesothelia and have manifestations other than thickening or nodularity. Several studies have implied that these different manifestations are associated with a different tumor biology. We report the case of a 54‐year‐old man with multiple fungating masses diagnosed as MM on histological examination.
Evaluation of bronchoscopic lung volume reduction coil treatment results in patients with severe emphysema
Authors: Gulsen Askin , Sever Fidan , Girgin Pelin , Tamci Necdet Batuhan , Yilmaz Hatice 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIntroductionBronchoscopic lung volume reduction coil (BLVR‐C) implantation is an alternative therapeutic approach that can be applied together with medical treatment for patients with severe emphysema. BLVR‐C is both easier and safer in terms of complications than volume reduction surgery. This study aimed to evaluate medium‐term outcomes following BLVR‐C treatment.MethodsForty patients who underwent BLVR‐C between September 2013 and March 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. We compared changes between the baseline and 6‐month post‐procedural results with respect to pulmonary function tests, a 6‐min walk test (6MWT), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) assessment test (CAT), St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), and pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and arterial blood gas analyses. Secondary outcomes included procedure‐related and follow‐up complications.ResultsAn average of 9.5 (range: 5–11) coils were placed per lung in an average procedural duration of 20.8 ± 7.0 min (range: 9–45) min. Six months after BLVR‐C treatment, significant improvements were observed in patients’ pulmonary function tests and quality of life. Changes were observed in the forced exhalation volume in 1 s (+150 mL), residual volume (−14.5%), 6MWT (+48 m), SGRQ (−10.5) and CAT Score (−7.5). Changes in the PAP and partial pressure of carbon dioxide values were not significant, and pneumothorax did not occur. In a 6‐month follow‐up, 11 cases of COPD exacerbation (41.4%), 7 cases of pneumonia (16.9%) and 1 death (2%) occurred. Treatment in 1 case was postponed because of hypotension and bradycardia during the process.ConclusionBLVR‐C treatment appears to be effective over the medium‐term and safe for patients with severe emphysema.
A Community–Academic Partnered Grant Writing Series to Build Infrastructure for Partnered Research
Authors: King Keyonna M. , Pardo Yvette‐Janine , Norris Keith C. , Diaz‐Romero Maria , Morris D'Ann , Vassar Stefanie D. , Brown Arleen F. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractGrant writing is an essential skill necessary to secure financial support for community programs and research projects. Increasingly, funding opportunities for translational biomedical research require studies to engage community partners, patients, or other stakeholders in the research process to address their concerns. However, there is little evidence on strategies to prepare teams of academic and community partners to collaborate on grants. This paper presents the description and formative evaluation of a two‐part community–academic partnered grant writing series designed to help community organizations and academic institutions build infrastructure for collaborative research projects using a partnered approach. The first phase of the series was a half‐day workshop on grant readiness, which was open to all interested community partners. The second phase, open only to community–academic teams that met eligibility criteria, was a 12‐week session that covered partnered grant writing for foundation grants and National Institutes of Health grants. Participants in both phases reported an increase in knowledge and self‐efficacy for writing partnered proposals. At 1‐year follow‐up, participants in Phase 2 had secured approximately $1.87 million in funding. This community–academic partnered grant writing series helped participants obtain proposal development skills and helped community–academic teams successfully compete for funding.
Teaching Translational Research to Medical Students: The New York University School of Medicine's Master's of Science in Clinical Investigation Dual‐Degree Program
Authors: Gillman Jennifer , Pillinger Michael , Plottel Claudia S. , Galeano Claudia , Maddalo Scott , Hochman Judith S. , Cronstein Bruce N. , Gold‐von Simson Gabrielle 
Published: September 2015

AbstractTo develop the next generation of translational investigators, New York University School of Medicine (NYUSOM) and the NYU‐NYC Health and Hospitals Corporation Clinical and Translational Science Institute (NYU‐HHC CTSI) developed the Master's of Science in Clinical Investigation dual‐degree (MD/MSCI) program. This 5‐year program dedicates 1 year to coursework and biomedical research, followed by a medical school/research overlap year, to prepare students for academic research careers. This paper details the MD/MSCI program's curriculum and approach to mentorship, describes the research/professional interests of students, and reports student productivity. In the first 4 years of the program (2010–2014) 20 students were matriculated; 7 (35%) were women, and 12 (60%) research projects were in surgical specialties. To date, 14 students have applied to residency, and half pursued surgical residency programs. Our students have produced 68 accepted abstracts, 15 abstracts in submission, 38 accepted papers, and 24 papers in submission. Despite the time‐limited nature of this program, additional training in research design and implementation has promoted a high level of productivity. We conclude that dual‐degree training in medicine and translational research is feasible for medical students and allows for meaningful participation in valuable projects. Follow‐up is warranted to evaluate the academic trajectory of these students.
Substituting cannabis for prescription drugs, alcohol and other substances among medical cannabis patients: The impact of contextual factors
Authors: Lucas Philippe , Walsh Zach , Crosby Kim , Callaway Robert , Belle‐Isle Lynne , Kay Robert , Capler Rielle , Holtzman Susan 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIntroduction and AimsRecent years have witnessed increased attention to how cannabis use impacts the use of other psychoactive substances. The present study examines the use of cannabis as a substitute for alcohol, illicit substances and prescription drugs among 473 adults who use cannabis for therapeutic purposes.Design and MethodsThe Cannabis Access for Medical Purposes Survey is a 414‐question cross‐sectional survey that was available to Canadian medical cannabis patients online and by hard copy in 2011 and 2012 to gather information on patient demographics, medical conditions and symptoms, patterns of medical cannabis use, cannabis substitution and barriers to access to medical cannabis.ResultsSubstituting cannabis for one or more of alcohol, illicit drugs or prescription drugs was reported by 87% (n = 410) of respondents, with 80.3% reporting substitution for prescription drugs, 51.7% for alcohol, and 32.6% for illicit substances. Respondents who reported substituting cannabis for prescription drugs were more likely to report difficulty affording sufficient quantities of cannabis, and patients under 40 years of age were more likely to substitute cannabis for all three classes of substance than older patients.Discussion and ConclusionsThe finding that cannabis was substituted for all three classes of substances suggests that the medical use of cannabis may play a harm reduction role in the context of use of these substances, and may have implications for abstinence‐based substance use treatment approaches. Further research should seek to differentiate between biomedical substitution for prescription pharmaceuticals and psychoactive drug substitution, and to elucidate the mechanisms behind both. [Lucas P, Walsh Z, Crosby K, Callaway R, Belle‐Isle L, Kay B, Capler R, Holtzman S. Substituting cannabis for prescription drugs, alcohol, and other substances among medical cannabis patients: The impact of contextual factors. Drug Alcohol Rev 2016;35:326–333]
Examining Pathways from Innovation Orientation to Patient Satisfaction: A Relational View of Healthcare Delivery*
Authors: Dobrzykowski David D. , Callaway Stephen K. , Vonderembse Mark A. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTThe federal government and industry leaders view innovation as a potentially fruitful way to improve hospital performance, specifically patient satisfaction. However, translating a hospital's innovation orientation into improved performance is challenging given that important network participants—namely physicians—may possess different aims. Grounded in Relational RBV, this study tests a model linking innovation orientation to patient satisfaction through a pathway of knowledge‐sharing routines (physician partnering and customer relationship management) and complementary capabilities (hospital responsiveness). Further, this study investigates the moderating role of physician employment (a form of governance) by examining hospitals with high and low levels of employed physicians. Structural Equation Modeling results from a paired sample of primary survey and secondary data from 173 acute care hospitals in the USA reveal the following. Hospitals with high levels of employed physicians translate innovation orientation into patient satisfaction by using customer relationship management (CRM) programs to influence hospital responsiveness directly, ultimately leading to patient satisfaction. Hospitals with low levels of physician employment use CRM programs in a fully mediated fashion to inform physician partnering activities, which influence hospital responsiveness, driving patient satisfaction.
Nipponaphis species (Aphididae: Hormaphidinae) that form green galls on Distylium racemosum in Japan
Authors: Aoki Shigeyuki , Kutsukake Mayako , Kurosu Utako , Yeh Hsin‐Ting , Sano Masakazu , Fukatsu Takema 
Published: September 2015

AbstractSome species of the aphid genus Nipponaphis (Nipponaphidini) form green, globular or fig‐shaped galls on the evergreen Distylium racemosum, their primary host. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of aphid samples collected from both their galls and secondary hosts indicated the occurrence of four species in Japan: N. distychii, N. distyliicola, N. loochooensis and N. machilicola. The four species could also be discriminated from one another in morphology. The name N. litseae turned out to be a junior synonym of N. distychii. Galls formed by N. machilicola are reported for the first time in this paper. The life cycles of the four species are briefly reviewed.