bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microleakage of Teeth Restored with Different Adhesive Dowel Systems: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Sarı Tuğrul , Özyesil Atilla G. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPurposeCommercial fiber‐reinforced dowel systems are marketed as having better adhesion and sealing ability than conventional metallic dowel systems. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the microleakage of teeth restored with nine dowel systems.Materials and MethodsNinety mandibular second premolar teeth were decoronated, and nine homogenous groups were composed of ten teeth each. Root canal and dowel space preparations were made, and eight fiber‐reinforced composite dowel systems and one stainless steel dowel system were used to fabricate dowel restorations. Microleakage measurements of the restored teeth were made with a modified fluid filtration method, and data were collected. One sample Kolmogorov‐Smirnov, one‐way ANOVA, and Tukey‐HSD tests were performed on the relative microleakage data of the groups.ResultsMicroleakage values were reported relative to those for teeth with unfilled canals. The highest and lowest relative microleakage values were recorded for the metallic Parapost (7.06 × 10−4%) and fiber‐reinforced Everstick (3.55 × 10−4%) groups, respectively. Significant differences in relative microleakage between the fiber‐reinforced dowels and stainless steel dowels were observed. Significant differences among the fiber‐reinforced dowel groups were observed as well.ConclusionsThe sealing ability of all fiber‐reinforced composite dowels is not better than that of stainless steel dowels, and there are significant differences among different fiber‐reinforced dowel systems as well. Differences among commercial dowel systems must be taken into consideration when making a selection.
An Electromyographic Analysis of Orbicularis Oris and Buccinator Muscle Activity in Patients with Complete Dentures Fabricated Using Two Neutral Zone Techniques—A Pilot Study
Authors: Ladha Komal G. , Gill Shubhra , Gupta Rekha , Verma Mahesh , Gupta Meena 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPurposeSeveral studies have evaluated electromyographic (EMG) activity of perioral muscles in patients using unsatisfactory old complete dentures and after the insertion of new clinically acceptable dentures; however, studies evaluating EMG activity of orbicularis oris (OO) and buccinator (BUC) muscles in patients wearing complete dentures fabricated using swallowing (SNZ) and phonetic neutral zone (PNZ) techniques are lacking in the literature. The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in muscle activity of the superior orbicularis oris (SOO), inferior orbicularis oris (IOO) and BUC muscle during the use of unsatisfactory old complete dentures, in comparison with the satisfactory dentures fabricated using the two neutral zone techniques.Materials and MethodsTen completely edentulous participants dissatisfied with their existing mandibular complete dentures participated in the study. Each patient received two sets of new dentures fabricated using the SNZ and PNZ techniques. Surface EMG activity of the OO and BUC muscles was recorded using a 4‐channel Medelec premier plus electromyography machine while the patients still used their old dentures (group A) and with the SNZ (group B) and PNZ (group C) dentures. On the basis of participation in the study, five participants first received the SNZ dentures and five the PNZ type. After having worn the prosthesis for a minimum of 2 months, EMG recordings were repeated for the first set of dentures. The prostheses were then changed and the procedures repeated. The activity of OO and BUC muscles was recorded at rest, while pursing and laughing, and during pronunciation of various syllables. Results are expressed as mean ± SD and as absolute numbers and percentage. ANOVA with appropriate correction (Bonferroni or Tamhane) and Student's t‐test were used for statistical analysis. A p‐value < 0.05 was taken to indicate a significant difference.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in the mean EMG activity of SOO, IOO, and BUC muscles at rest, or during pursing or laughing among the three groups. No significant difference was observed in the mean EMG activity of SOO and BUC muscle among the groups for all the syllables pronounced. For IOO, a statistically significant difference was observed among the groups for the words “baby” and “cheese.” Within‐group comparisons of the mean EMG activities of SOO and IOO during pronunciation and pursing showed no significant difference; however, at rest a statistically significant difference was observed in group B.ConclusionOO and BUC muscle activities did not significantly differ, irrespective of the technique used for fabrication of complete dentures.
A Simple Way to Intrude Overerupted Upper Second Molars with Miniscrews
Authors: Cao Yang , Liu Chufeng , Wang Chunxian , Yang Xiaoyu , Duan Peijia , Xu Chenrong 
Published: June 2013

AbstractVarious methods of using skeletal anchorage for the intrusion of overerupted maxillary molars have been reported; however, it is difficult to intrude the overerupted upper second molars because of the low bone density in the region of the tuberosity. This article illustrates a new treatment method using partial fixed edgewise appliances and miniscrews to intrude the overerupted upper second molars. The miniscrews were applied to reinforce the anchorage of the upper first molar. The intrusive force was generated by the Ni‐Ti wire. The clinical results showed a significant intrusion effect without root resorption or periodontal problems. This report demonstrates that the combination of partial conventional fixed appliances with miniscrews is a simple and effective treatment option to intrude overerupted upper second molars, especially in situations where miniscrews cannot be inserted directly next to the second molar.
Effect of Ultraviolet Aging on Translucency of Resin‐Cemented Ceramic Veneers: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Turgut Sedanur , Bagis Bora , Turkaslan Suha S. , Bagis Yildirim Hakan 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the translucency of ceramic veneers cemented with light‐ or dual‐cured resin cements after accelerated aging.Materials and MethodsA total of 392 specimens were made of shade A1 with 0.5‐ and 1.0‐mm thickness. Light‐cured RelyX Veneer and dual‐cured Maxcem Elite and Variolink II resin cements were applied on the porcelain discs with a thickness of 0.1 mm. Translucency parameter (TP) values of the ceramic veneers after cementation and UV aging test were evaluated. Statistical analyses were done with ANOVA and Tukey's tests and paired sample t‐test (p < 0.05).ResultsAll the resin cements affected the TP values of 0.5‐mm‐thick ceramic, while RelyX Veneer Tr (TP = 11.15; p = 0.608), Variolink II Tr (TP = 10.98; p = 0.55), and Maxcem Clear (TP = 11.81; p = 0.702) did not affect the translucency of 1‐mm‐thick ceramics (TP = 11.38). The aging process affected TP values of both ceramics and cemented ceramics, as the TP values decreased after aging. Among the TP values of opaque shade resin cements, there were significant differences between the “ceramic,” “ceramic + RelyX Veneer WO,” “ceramic + Variolink II WO,” and “ceramic + Maxcem WO” variables for both 0.5 and 1 mm thicknesses (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between “ceramic,” “ceramic + RelyX Veneer Tr,” “ceramic + Variolink II Tr,” and “ceramic + Maxcem Clear” variables at 0.5 mm thickness, and there were no significant differences between “ceramic,” “ceramic + RelyX Veneer Tr,” and “ceramic + Variolink II Tr” variables after aging (p > 0.05).ConclusionsThe TP of the same color of resin cements varied related to the type or brand. Aging caused both the ceramics and cemented ceramics to become more opaque.
Oral granulomatosis‐like lesions in liver‐transplanted pediatric patients
Authors: Vivas APM , Bomfin LE , Costa WL , Porta G , Alves FA 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveThis study evaluated oral mucosal lesions in liver‐transplanted children.MethodsA retrospective study was performed on pediatric patients who underwent liver transplantation between 2002 and 2009, at A.C. Camargo Hospital, Sao Paulo‐SP. Alterations, such as polypoid lesions over the dorsum of the tongue, lip swelling, angular cheilitis, fissures of the lips, mucosal tags, cobblestone appearance, and fissures of the tongue, were considered as orofacial granulomatosis (OFG)‐like lesions. All clinical data were collected from medical records. Descriptive analyses and logistic regression were used to characterize and identify OFG‐like lesion predictors.ResultsOf the 265 transplanted children, 56.6% were female, and 64.1% had biliary atresia. Fourteen patients died as a consequence of the transplantation surgery and were therefore excluded from the analysis related to oral lesions. Hence, among 251 patients, 64 showed OFG‐like lesions. The lesions occurred around 26 months after transplantation, and the only therapy that all the patients were receiving in common was tacrolimus. Furthermore, patients aged 12 months old or less at transplantation presented higher risk to present oral lesions.ConclusionsThis study described specific oral mucosal lesions in liver‐transplanted children. Such lesions have recently been described as a novel entity. Although young age at transplantation has been associated to its development, the etiology of this condition is uncertain.
Association of TLR2, TLR3, TLR4 and CD14 genes polymorphisms with oral cancer risk and survival
Authors: Zeljic K , Supic G , Jovic N , Kozomara R , Brankovic‐Magic M , Obrenovic M , Magic Z 
Published: June 2013

ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to investigate association between polymorphisms in TLR2, TLR3, TLR4 and CD14 genes or their haplotypes with oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) risk and survival.MethodsThe study was conducted on 93 OSCC patients and 104 cancer‐free controls. Polymorphisms were genotyped by real‐time PCR or PCR‐RFLP method.ResultsSignificant increase in oral cancer risk was observed in individuals with mutated genotype of TLR3 rs3775291 polymorphism (OR = 1.096, P = 0.036) compared to wild‐type. The heterozygous and mutated genotype of TLR3 rs5743312 polymorphism had worse survival in group of patients with stage III tumours (P = 0.043). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that TLR3 rs5743312 polymorphism could be considered as prognostic marker in advanced III stage OSCC (HR = 2.456, P = 0.007), but not independently of nodal status. TLR3 rs3775291 and rs5743312 polymorphisms were in strong linkage disequilibrium. Haplotype TG was associated with worse prognosis in OSCC patients in comparison with common CG haplotype (HR = 1.717, P = 0.042). Interaction among polymorphisms in TLR2, TLR3 and CD14 genes was observed (P = 0.010).ConclusionsTLR3 rs5743312 polymorphism could be considered as potential predictor of worse overall survival in advanced oral cancer, but not independently of nodal status. Haplotypes in TLR3 gene might be associated with poor prognosis in OSCC patients.
Assessing Motivations for Suicide Attempts: Development and Psychometric Properties of the Inventory of Motivations for Suicide Attempts
Authors: May Alexis M. , Klonsky E. David 
Published: June 2013

This study describes the psychometric properties of the Inventory of Motivations for Suicide Attempts (IMSA). The IMSA was designed to comprehensively assess motivations for suicide emphasized by major theories of suicidality. The IMSA was administered to two samples of recent suicide attempters, undergraduates (n = 66) and outpatients (n = 53). The IMSA exhibited a reliable two‐factor structure in which one factor represented Intrapersonal motivations related to ending emotional pain, and the second represented Interpersonal motivations related to communication or help‐seeking. Convergent validity and divergent validity of IMSA scales were supported by expected patterns of correlations with another measure of suicide motivations. In addition, the IMSA scales displayed clinical utility, in which greater endorsement of intrapersonal motivations was associated with greater intent to die, whereas greater endorsement of interpersonal motivations was associated with less lethal intent and greater likelihood of rescue. Findings suggest the IMSA can be of use for both research and clinical purposes when a comprehensive assessment of suicide motivations is desired.
Region growing by sector analysis for detection of blue‐gray ovoids in basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Pelin Guvenc S. , Leander Robert W. , Kefel Serkan , Rader Ryan K. , Hinton Kristen A. , Stricklin Sherea M. , Stoecker William V. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBlue‐gray ovoids (B‐GOs) are critical dermoscopic structures in basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) that pose a challenge for automatic detection. Due to variation in size and color, B‐GOs can be easily mistaken for similar structures in benign lesions. Analysis of these structures could help further accomplish the goal of automatic BCC detection. This study introduces an efficient sector‐based method for segmenting B‐GOs. Four modifications of conventional region‐growing techniques are presented: (i) employing a seed area rather than a seed point, (ii) utilizing fixed control limits determined from the seed area to eliminate re‐calculations of previously‐added regions, (iii) determining region growing criteria using logistic regression, and (iv) area analysis and expansion by sectors. Contact dermoscopy images of 68 confirmed BCCs having B‐GOs were obtained. A total of 24 color features were analyzed for all B‐GO seed areas. Logistic regression analysis determined blue chromaticity, followed by red variance, were the best features for discriminating B‐GO edges from surrounding areas. Segmentation of malignant structures obtained an average Pratt's figure of merit of 0.397. The techniques presented here provide a non‐recursive, sector‐based, region‐growing method applicable to any colored structure appearing in digital images. Further research using these techniques could lead to automatic detection of B‐GOs in BCCs.
Identification of a cyanobacterial CRR6 protein, Slr1097, required for efficient assembly of NDH‐1 complexes in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Authors: Dai Huiling , Zhang Lili , Zhang Jingsong , Mi Hualing , Ogawa Teruo , Ma Weimin 
Published: June 2013

SummaryDespite significant progress in clarifying the subunit compositions and functions of the multiple NADPH dehydrogenase (NDH‐1) complexes in cyanobacteria, the subunit maturation and assembly of their NDH‐1 complexes are poorly understood. By transformation of wild‐type cells with a transposon‐tagged library, we isolated three mutants of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 defective in NDH‐1‐mediated cyclic electron transfer and unable to grow under high light conditions. All the mutants were tagged in the same slr1097 gene, encoding an unknown protein that shares significant homology with the Arabidopsis protein chlororespiratory reduction 6 (CRR6). The slr1097 product was localized in the cytoplasm and was required for efficient assembly of NDH‐1 complexes. Analysis of the interaction of Slr1097 with 18 subunits of NDH‐1 complexes using a yeast two‐hybrid system indicated a strong interaction with NdhI but not with other Ndh subunits. Absence of Slr1097 resulted in a significant decrease of NdhI in the cytoplasm, but not of other Ndh subunits including NdhH, NdhK and NdhM; the decrease was more evident in the cytoplasm than in the thylakoid membranes. In the ∆slr1097 mutant, NdhH, NdhI, NdhK and NdhM were hardly detectable in the NDH‐1M complex, whereas almost half the wild‐type levels of these subunits were present in NDH‐1L complex; similar results were observed in the NdhI‐less mutant. These results suggest that Slr1097 is involved in the maturation of NdhI, and that assembly of the NDH‐1M complex is strongly dependent on this factor. Maturation of NdhI appears not to be crucial to assembly of the NDH‐1L complex.
L-A-lus, a New Variant of the L-A Totivirus Found in Wine Yeasts with Klus Killer Toxin-Encoding Mlus Double-Stranded RNA: Possible Role of Killer Toxin-Encoding Satellite RNAs in the Evolution of Their Helper Viruses
Authors: Rodríguez-Cousiño Nieves , Gómez Pilar , Esteban Rosa 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Yeast killer viruses are widely distributed in nature. Several toxins encoded in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) satellites of the L-A totivirus have been described, including K1, K2, K28, and Klus. The 4.6-kb L-A genome encodes the Gag major structural protein that forms a 39-nm icosahedral virion and Gag-Pol, a minor fusion protein. Gag-Pol has transcriptase and replicase activities responsible for maintenance of L-A (or its satellite RNAs). Recently we reported a new killer toxin, Klus. The L-A virus in Klus strains showed poor hybridization to known L-A probes, suggesting substantial differences in their sequences. Here we report the characterization of this new L-A variant named L-A-lus. At the nucleotide level, L-A and L-A-lus showed only 73% identity, a value that increases to 86% in the amino acid composition of Gag or Gag-Pol. Two regions in their genomes, however, the frameshifting region between Gag and Pol and the encapsidation signal, are 100% identical, implying the importance of these two
cis
signals in the virus life cycle. L-A-lus shows higher resistance than L-A to growth at high temperature or to
in vivo
expression of endo- or exonucleases. L-A-lus also has wider helper activity, being able to maintain not only Mlus but also M1 or a satellite RNA of L-A called X. In a screening of 31 wine strains, we found that none of them had L-A; they carried either L-A-lus or a different L-A variant in K2 strains. Our data show that distinct M killer viruses are specifically associated with L-As with different nucleotide compositions, suggesting coevolution.
Evidence for Coexistence of Distinct Escherichia coli Populations in Various Aquatic Environments and Their Survival in Estuary Water
Authors: Berthe T. , Ratajczak M. , Clermont O. , Denamur E. , Petit F. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Escherichia coli
, a commensal bacterium from the intestinal tracts of humans and vertebrate animals, has been used as one of two bacterial indicators of fecal contamination, along with intestinal enterococci, to monitor the microbiological quality of water. However, water environments are now recognized as a secondary habitat where some strains can survive. We investigated the survival of
E. coli
isolates collected from bodies of water in France exhibiting distinct profiles of contamination, defined according to the following criteria: vicinity of the point sources of contamination, land use, hydrology, and physicochemical characteristics of the receiving water. We selected 88
E. coli
strains among a collection of 352 strains to carry out a microcosm experiment in filtered estuarine water for 14 days at 10°C. The relationship between the survival of
E. coli
strains and genotypic and phenotypic characteristics was analyzed. This work showed that distinct
E. coli
survival types, able to survive from between 7 and 14 days to less than 2 days, coexisted in the water.
E. coli
isolates that rapidly lost their culturability were more frequently isolated in water recently contaminated by fecal bacteria of human origin, and most were multiresistant to antibiotics and harbored several virulence factors. In contrast, persistent strains able to survive from 4 to 14 days were more often found in water with low levels of fecal bacteria, belonged mainly to the B1 phylogroup, often harbored only one virulence factor,
kspE
or
ompT
, and were able to grow at 7°C.
Fusion of a Flavin-Based Fluorescent Protein to Hydroxynitrile Lyase from Arabidopsis thaliana Improves Enzyme Stability
Authors: Scholz Kathrin Emmi , Kopka Benita , Wirtz Astrid , Pohl Martina , Jaeger Karl-Erich , Krauss Ulrich 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Hydroxynitrile lyase from
Arabidopsis thaliana
(
At
HNL) was fused to different fluorescent reporter proteins. Whereas all fusion constructs retained enzymatic activity and fluorescence
in vivo
and
in vitro
, significant differences in activity and pH stability were observed. In particular, flavin-based fluorescent reporter (FbFP) fusions showed almost 2 orders of magnitude-increased half-lives in the weakly acidic pH range compared to findings for the wild-type enzyme. Analysis of the quaternary structure of the respective FbFP-
At
HNL fusion proteins suggested that this increased stability is apparently caused by oligomerization mediated via the FbFP tag. Moreover, the increased stability of the fusion proteins enabled the efficient synthesis of (
R
)-mandelonitrile in an aqueous-organic two-phase system at a pH of <5. Remarkably, (
R
)-mandelonitrile synthesis is not possible using wild-type
At
HNL under the same conditions due to the inherent instability of this enzyme below pH 5. The fusion strategy presented here reveals a surprising means for the stabilization of enzymes and stresses the importance of a thorough
in vitro
characterization of
in vivo
-employed fluorescent fusion proteins.
Biotransformation of Trichoderma spp. and Their Tolerance to Aromatic Amines, a Major Class of Pollutants
Authors: Cocaign Angélique , Bui Linh-Chi , Silar Philippe , Chan Ho Tong Laetitia , Busi Florent , Lamouri Aazdine , Mougin Christian , Rodrigues-Lima Fernando , Dupret Jean-Marie , Dairou Julien 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Trichoderma
spp. are cosmopolitan soil fungi that are highly resistant to many toxic compounds. Here, we show that
Trichoderma virens
and
T. reesei
are tolerant to aromatic amines (AA), a major class of pollutants including the highly toxic pesticide residue 3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA). In a previous study, we provided proof-of-concept remediation experiments in which another soil fungus,
Podospora anserina
, detoxifies 3,4-DCA through its arylamine
N
-acetyltransferase (NAT), a xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme that enables acetyl coenzyme A-dependent detoxification of AA. To assess whether the
N
-acetylation pathway enables AA tolerance in
Trichoderma
spp., we cloned and characterized NATs from
T. virens
and
T. reesei
. We characterized recombinant enzymes by determining their catalytic efficiencies toward several toxic AA. Through a complementary approach, we also demonstrate that both
Trichoderma
species efficiently metabolize 3,4-DCA. Finally, we provide evidence that NAT-independent transformation is solely (in
T. virens
) or mainly (in
T. reesei
) responsible for the observed removal of 3,4-DCA. We conclude that
T. virens
and, to a lesser extent,
T. reesei
likely utilize another, unidentified, metabolic pathway for the detoxification of AA aside from acetylation. This is the first molecular and functional characterization of AA biotransformation in
Trichoderma
spp. Given the potential of
Trichoderma
for cleanup of contaminated soils, these results reveal new possibilities in the fungal remediation of AA-contaminated soil.