bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Talk, Write, and Read: A Method for Sampling Emergent Literacy Skills
Authors: Richgels Donald J. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractConsistent with a social‐interactive view of literacy development, this report describes a method, Talk, Write, and Read (TWR), that unites the three important and related language processes in its title. In one‐on‐one, adult‐and‐child interactions,TWRinvolves children in talk about a picture book, spelling of target words in the book, and rereading of the book. Examples are shared of preschool and kindergarten performances with From Far Away and Up Close, a picture book in wordless and with‐text versions specially written forTWR.TWRyields information about children's vocabularies, invented spelling, word awareness, and finger‐point reading. Instructional implications are addressed. All necessary materials for using From Far Away and Up Close are provided.
Adapting to Context in Community‐Based Participatory Research: “Participatory Starting Points” in a Chinese Immigrant Worker Community
Authors: Chang Charlotte , Salvatore Alicia L. , Lee Pam Tau , Liu Shaw San , Tom Alex T. , Morales Alvaro , Baker Robin , Minkler Meredith 
Published: January 2013

AbstractCommunity‐based participatory research (CBPR) is increasingly being used to better understand and improve the health of diverse communities. A key strength of this research orientation is its adaptability to community contexts and characteristics. To date, however, few studies explicitly discuss adaptations made to CBPR principles and processes in response to community context and partners’ needs. Using data from our CBPR study, the San Francisco Chinatown Restaurant Worker Health and Safety Project, and drawing from literature on immigrant political incorporation, we examine the links between the contexts of the Chinese immigrant worker community, adaptations made by our collaborative, and study outcomes. In particular, we explore the concepts of contexts of reception and participatory starting points, which may be especially relevant for partnerships with immigrant communities whose members have historically had lower rates of civic and political participation in the US. We discuss contextual findings such as worker partner accounts of language barriers, economic and social marginalization, and civic skills and participation, as well as subsequent adaptations made by the partnership. We also describe the relative effectiveness of these adaptations in yielding equitable participation and building partners’ capacity. We conclude by sharing lessons learned and their implications for CBPR and partnerships with immigrant communities more broadly.
Increased human dermal microvascular endothelial cell survival induced by cysteamine
Authors: Besouw M. , den van Heuvel L. , van Eijsden R. , Bongaers I. , Kluijtmans L. , Dewerchin M. , Levtchenko E. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundCystinosis is an autosomal recessive disease caused by intralysosomal cystine accumulation, treated with cysteamine. Recently, new adverse effects of cysteamine were reported. Skin biopsies showed microvascular proliferation (angioendotheliomatosis). To examine the mechanism of angioendotheliomatosis associated with cysteamine toxicity, we examined the effect of cysteamine on human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMVEC).MethodsAfter cysteamine exposure (range 0–3.0 mM) during 24 h, cell viability was measured using water soluble tetrazolium salt‐1 (WST‐1) in both control HDMVEC and fibroblasts. Cell proliferation and apoptosis rate were measured in HDMVEC by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and caspase 3 and caspase 7 activity, respectively. Intracellular glutathione (GSH) was measured in HDMVEC after cysteamine exposure of 0, 0.1 or 1.0 mM. Medium and cysteamine were refreshed every 6 h to mimic the in vivo situation. Next, cell viability in HDMVEC was measured after 24 h of GSH exposure (range 0–10.0 mM).ResultsHDMVEC viability and proliferation increased after cysteamine exposure 0.03–3.0 mM (p < 0.01) and 0.03–1.0 mM (p = 0.01) respectively; cell viability in fibroblasts was not affected by incubation with cysteamine. Apoptosis remained unaffected by incubation with 0–1.0 mM cysteamine, 3.0 mM caused increased apoptosis. Intracellular GSH was significantly increased after incubation with cysteamine 0.1 mM (p = 0.02) and 1.0 mM (p < 0.01). HDMVEC viability increased after exposure to GSH 1.0–5.0 mM (p < 0.01).ConclusionCysteamine concentrations, similar to those described in plasma of cystinosis patients, stimulate HDMVEC viability and proliferation and increase intracellular GSH content. We postulate that this mechanism might underlie angioendotheliomatosis induced by cysteamine.
Mixed Micelles of Trisiloxane Based Silicone and Hydrocarbon Surfactants Systems in Aqueous Media: Dilute Aqueous Solution Phase Diagrams, Surface Tension Isotherms, Dilute Solution Viscosities, Critical Micelle Concentrations and Application of Regular Solution Theory
Authors: Sastry Nandhibatla V. , Thummar Amitkummar D. , Punjabi Sanjay H. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractMixtures of trisiloxane type nonionic silicone surfactant (SS) with sodium dodecylsulfate, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide or tert‐octylphenol ethoxylated with 9.5 ethylene oxide groups were studied in water at 30 °C by dilute aqueous solution phase diagrams, surface tension and dilute solution viscosity methods. The cloud points for the silicone surfactant aqueous solutions increased upon addition of hydrocarbon surfactants indicating the formation of hydrophilic complexes in mixture solutions. The scrutiny of the surface tension isotherms plotted as a function of SS concentration revealed that competitive adsorption effects are the characteristic features in these mixtures depending upon the SS concentration. Otherwise the isotherms exhibited two break points and the difference of concentration between the two break points increased with the increase in SS concentration indicating the cooperative nature of interactions. The micellar mole fractions of individual surfactants were determined by Rublingh's regular solution theory; interaction parameters and activity coefficients were evaluated and interpreted in terms of synergistic type interactions in these mixtures. The surface active parameters in mixture solutions were estimated and their analysis shows that the molecular species in the mixture solutions have a preferential tendency for adsorption at the air/water interface than in association form in the bulk solution. The effect of hydrocarbon surfactants on the intrinsic viscosity of SS micelles was monitored and related to the enhanced hydration in mixed micelles.
The effects of prenatal exposure to valproic acid on the initial development of serotonergic neurons
Authors: Oyabu Akiko , Narita Masaaki , Tashiro Yasura 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn utero exposure to valproic acid (VPA) may cause symptoms related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). An abnormal serotonergic (5‐HT) system has been implicated in the etiology of ASD. In the present study, we have examined the expression and distribution of two early inducers of 5‐HT neurons in rat embryos, to elucidate the prenatal development of 5‐HT neurons after VPA exposure at embryonic day (E) 9.5. Whole‐embryo in situ hybridization at E11.5 showed that the expression of sonic hedgehog, one of the early inducers of 5‐HT neurons, was reduced around the isthmus in the VPA‐exposed group. Furthermore, whole‐mount immunohistochemistry of the hindbrain and quantitative analysis of 5‐HT neurons in the rostral raphe nucleus (rRN) revealed that neuronal distribution in the caudal part of the rRN was narrower at E15.5 in the VPA‐exposed group than in controls. Thus, the early development of 5‐HT neurons was altered after VPA exposure in utero. The observed prenatal alteration may be significant in the etiology of autism.
Treatment Effect Versus Pretreatment Recovery in Persons With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Study Regarding the Effectiveness of Postacute Rehabilitation
Authors: Hayden Mary Ellen , Plenger Patrick , Bison Kier , Kowalske Karen , Masel Brent , Qualls Devin 
Published: January 2013

ObjectiveTo evaluate functional improvement following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) after admission to a postacute treatment facility, focusing on the time since injury and analysis of recovery by degree of impairment at admission.DesignA retrospective study of patients who received treatment at a postacute rehabilitation facility.SettingPostacute rehabilitation for persons with acquired brain injury that involved transdisciplinary teams.PatientsPatients (n = 1274) were admitted for treatment less than 5 years after TBI and were assessed on our outcome measures at least 3 times. The patients were then grouped by the time since injury and the severity of impairment at admission.MethodsPatients received comprehensive multidisciplinary treatment 5 days per week, 6 hours per day.Main Outcome MeasurementsFunction was assessed by using the Pate Environmentally Relevant Program Outcome System (PERPOS) scale at admission, discharge, and approximately every 2 weeks during treatment. By using these assessment scores, the rate and degree of improvement were monitored.ResultsPostacute rehabilitation yielded significant gains in functioning, with 69% of all patients who demonstrated clinically meaningful gains. The time since injury had a significant impact on gains made in rehabilitation (Ftime × time‐since‐treatment group interaction = 17.75; P < .001), with the 0‐3 months post injury group outperforming each other group (P < .001 for each comparison). This effect was statistically significant (P < .001) for each of the 3 severity‐at‐intake subgroups analyzed but was stronger for the severe (F314 = 9.05) and moderate‐to‐severe (F425 = 7.32) than for the mild‐to‐moderate (F533 = 2.95) severity‐at‐intake groups.ConclusionsPostacute rehabilitation is associated with functional gains for individuals with TBI beyond what can be explained by undirected recovery. These findings provide evidence for postacute rehabilitation as effective care after TBI.
I. IMMUNITY OF STATE OFFICIALS FROM THE CRIMINAL JURISDICTION OF A FOREIGN STATE
Authors: Sanger Andrew 
Published: January 2013

AbstractInKhurts Bat, the English High Court held that Mr Bat, a Mongolian State official charged with committing municipal crimes on German territory, was not immune from the jurisdiction of German courts and could therefore be extradited to Germany. This article examines the three theories of immunity put forward in that case: (1) special missions immunity, (2) high-ranking official immunity, and (3) State immunity. It focuses on the question of whether State officials charged with municipal crimes may plead immunityratione materiaefrom the criminal jurisdiction of a foreign State by examining key examples of State practice.
LEGAL TRANSPLANT AND UNDUE INFLUENCE: LOST IN TRANSLATION OR A WORKING MISUNDERSTANDING?
Authors: Chen-Wishart Mindy 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIs legal transplant possible? The stark bipolarity of a ‘yes’ or ‘no’ answer attracted by such a question is much less interesting and revealing than the question: what shapes the life of legal transplants? The answer to the latter question is contingent on a wide range of variables triggered by the particular transplant; the result can occupy any point along the spectrum from faithful replication to outright rejection. This case study of the transplant of the English doctrine of undue influence into Singaporean law asks why the Singaporean courts have applied the doctrine in family guarantee cases to such divergent effect, when they profess to apply the same law. The answer owes less to grand theories than to a careful examination of the nature of the transplanted law and the relationship between the formal and informal legal orders of the originating and the recipient society raised by the particular transplant.
ADMINISTRATIVE LAW: THE NEXT FRONTIER FOR COMPARATIVE LAW
Authors: Boughey Janina 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIt is trite to observe that the past three decades have seen an ‘explosion’ in comparative law. Equally well-worn territory is the fact that constitutional law has been a particular beneficiary of the comparative trend, despite the fact that for much of the twentieth century comparative lawyers tended to avoid public law topics. However, one field of law that has been conspicuously absent from the boom in comparison, at least outside of Europe, is administrative law. This article analyses why the use of comparison has been so vastly different between the two areas of public law. It then surveys some recent developments in administrative law and points to a number of aspects of the field that would benefit from the wider use of comparative methods across the world.
THE LEGALITY OF THE NATO BOMBING IN LIBYA
Authors: Ulfstein Geir , Christiansen Hege Føsund 
Published: January 2013

AbstractOn 17 March 2011 the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 1973 authorizing member states to take forceful measures to protect Libyan civilians. Clearly NATO actions to protect civilians were within the mandate. But the authors claim that operations aiming at overthrowing the Qaddafi regime were illegal use of force. The overstepping of the mandate may have a negative effect on the credibility of the responsibility to protect in future gross human rights violations.
SHOULD THE CONNECTING FACTOR OF THE ‘ENGAGING PLACE OF BUSINESS’ BE ABOLISHED IN EUROPEAN PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW?
Authors: Grušić Uglješa 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn Case C–384/10Jan Voogsgeerd v Navimer SAthe ECJ dealt with a number of issues concerning the choice-of-law rules for employment contracts of the Rome Convention, most importantly the relationship between the connecting factors of the habitual place of work and the engaging place of business, and the interpretation of the latter connecting factor. After demonstrating that the ECJ has deprived it of almost any effect, that it leads to excessive legal uncertainty, unforeseeability of the outcome of litigation, and does not support the objectives of employee protection and proximity, this article concludes that the connecting factor of the engaging place of business should be abolished in European private international law.
Effects of temperature and electron collision frequency on the elastic electron–ion collisions in a collisional plasma
Authors: JUNG YOUNG-DAE , HONG WOO-PYO 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe effects of dynamic temperature and electron–electron collisions on the elastic electron–ion collision are investigated in a collisional plasma. The second-order eikonal analysis and the velocity-dependent screening length are employed to derive the eikonal phase shift and eikonal cross section as functions of collision energy, electron collision frequency, Debye length, impact parameter, and thermal energy. It is interesting to find out that the electron–electron collision effect would be vanished; however, the dynamic temperature effect is included in the first-order approximation. We have found that the dynamic temperature effect strongly enhances the eikonal phase shift as well as the eikonal cross section for electron–ion collision since the dynamic screening increases the effective shielding distance. In addition, the detailed characteristic behavior of the dynamic screening function is also discussed.
Cool and hot executive function in conduct-disordered adolescents with and without co-morbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: relationships with externalizing behaviours
Authors: Dolan M. , Lennox C. 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundAn understanding of the exact nature of executive function (EF) deficits in conduct disorder (CD) remains elusive because of issues of co-morbidity with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).MethodSeventy-two adolescents with CD, 35 with CD + ADHD and 20 healthy controls (HCs) were assessed on a computerized battery of putative ‘cool’ and ‘hot’ EFs. Participants also completed the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL).ResultsIn the cool EF tasks such as planning, the CD + ADHD group in particular showed most notable impairments compared to HCs. This pattern was less evident for set shifting and behavioural inhibition but there were significant correlations between errors scores on these tasks and indices of externalizing behaviours on the CBCL across the sample. For hot EF tasks, all clinical groups performed worse than HCs on delay of gratification and poor performance was correlated with externalizing scores. Although there were no notable group differences on the punishment-based card-playing task, there were significant correlations between ultimate payout and externalizing behaviour across groups.ConclusionsOverall, our findings highlight the fact that there may be more common than distinguishing neuropsychological underpinnings to these co-morbid disorders and that a dimensional symptom-based approach may be the way forward.
Welfare Regimes and Education Regimes: Equality of Opportunity and Expenditure in the EU (and US)
Authors: WEST ANNE , NIKOLAI RITA 
Published: January 2013

AbstractEducation is crucially important for later outcomes but has received limited attention in comparative research on welfare states. In light of this, we present an exploratory analysis of education systems across fourteen EU countries and the US. This builds on existing work on educational institutions, educational outcomes and welfare regimes. We focus on institutional features associated with inequality of educational opportunity, including academic selection, tracking and public/private provision; on educational outcomes; and on education expenditure. Our quantitative analysis identifies four clusters of countries: the Nordic, Continental, Mediterranean and English-speaking, which bear similarities to those identified in the welfare states literature. Each ‘education regime’ is associated with particular institutional features, educational outcomes and levels of public expenditure. Our analysis suggests that further comparative research on education, viewed as a key component of the welfare state, is warranted.
Adapting the Pyramids and Palm Trees Test and the Kissing and Dancing Test and developing other semantic tests for the Chinese population
Authors: GUO QIHAO , HE CHENXI , WEN XIAOLIANG , SONG LUPING , HAN ZAIZHU , BI YANCHAO 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTThe semantic system is a core component underlying many cognitive functions, and its deterioration can lead to various behavioral deficits. The Pyramids and Palm Trees Test (Howard & Patterson, 1992) and the Kissing and Dancing Test (Bak & Hodges, 2003) are among the most widely used semantic assessments, and they have been adapted into many languages and for many populations. We adapted these tests to the Mainland Chinese population by adopting culturally appropriate items and collecting normative data in healthy Chinese participants. In addition, accumulating research has shown that semantic representations have multidimensional structures that include various types of knowledge, and in the Pyramids and Palm Trees Test mainly evaluates associative relationships. Therefore, we developed additional tests to examine three other aspects of semantic knowledge: taxonomic, functional, and manipulative. We found significant correlations among all tests in healthy participants. Moreover, the level of education and age affected performance on the tests of associative relationships, taxonomic relationships, and manipulation similarity.
De la notion degrammaire standarddans une optique diglossique du français
Authors: ZRIBI-HERTZ ANNE 
Published: January 2013

RÉSUMÉCet article cherche à préciser le schéma diglossique de description du français envisagé dans Zribi-Hertz (2011a), qui propose de représenter la compétence linguistique d'un francophone par deux grammaires internes en intersection, respectivement étiquetéesGrammaire StandardetGrammaire Dialectale. Quel est le statut de laGrammaire Standarddans ce schéma ? S'agit-il bien d'une grammaire interne, au sens où l'entend la grammaire générative ? Ou seulement d'une grammaire externe incarnant une norme imposée aux locuteurs par des grammairiens ? L'hypothèse ici défendue est que les deux grammaires sécantes du schéma diglossique doivent bien être des grammaires internes, mais que la Grammaire Standard interne, régie en tant que telle par le Principe de Cohérence présidant à toute grammaire interne, est à distinguer de la Norme Académique fixée de façon institutionnelle sur la base d'écrits attestés produits par des auteurs divers, et qui échappe de ce fait au Principe de Cohérence. L'argumentation de cet article s'appuie sur une étude de cas: les syntagmes nominaux sans nom lexical (DPSN) en français hexagonal moderne, dont les propriétés attestées ne sont pas prédites par la grammaire énoncée par la Norme Académique. Il est soutenu, sur la base de productions attestées récentes recueillies sur internet, que la grammaire académique souffre d'incohérences qui la rendent inapprenable (non intériorisable), et que les francophones ont donc mis en place une grammaire interne cohérente qu'ils intègrent aussi bien à leur Grammaire Dialectale qu'à leur Grammaire Standard.
Perspectives diglossique et variationnelle – Complémentarité ou incompatibilité? Quelques éclairages sociolinguistiques
Authors: BILLIEZ JACQUELINE , BUSON LAURENCE 
Published: January 2013

RÉSUMÉL'hypothèse d'une diglossie française est-elle une voie opérante pour analyser et développer les compétences linguistiques de locuteurs, enfants ou adultes, francophones? Cet article se propose d'apporter des éclairages sociolinguistiques sur cette question aujourd'hui largement discutée, en linguistique comme en didactique du français.Notre contribution articule plusieurs arguments pouvant appuyer, nuancer, voire contredire le bien-fondé de cette approche, dans une perspective à la fois sociolinguistique, psycholinguistique, et didactique.En confrontant la perspective diglossique à la réalité des pratiques stylistiques d'enfants et d'adultes sur la base d'un corpus de données recueillies en situations formelles et informelles, nous montrons combien il est délicat d'aborder la variation en termes dichotomiques si l'on envisage l'ensemble des niveaux linguistiques engagés dans la communication et pas seulement quelques variables isolées caractéristiques de deux extrêmes du continuum stylistique.
Agricultural development and the industry life cycle on the Brazilian frontier
Authors: Hall Simon C. , Caviglia-Harris Jill 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe occupation of the last remaining tropical forests has been an initiative of many developing nations that is debated by the global community due to impacts on soil erosion, biodiversity loss and contributions to global climate change. Arguments against development range from the irreversible nature of tropical deforestation to the synergistic losses associated with environmental degradation and continued poverty. The focus of this paper is to determine if evidence of market advancements and growth can be found in an Amazonian settlement, thus providing counter-evidence for the boom–bust pattern of development that has been predicted for much of the Amazon. Using panel survey data (for four survey waves between 1996 and 2009), we find trends that are consistent with the industrial life cycle, suggesting a pattern that is more consistent with growth, development and consolidation.