bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Greenhouse gas reduction and improved sustainability of animal husbandry using amino acids in swine, poultry feeds
Authors: Tsujimoto Susumu , Takagi Tomo , Osada Takashi , Ogino Akifumi 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn Annex 1 countries, nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from swine and poultry excreta have been calculated and the N2O reduction potential of each country by using amino acids in feed could also be calculated, then a comparison made among the countries. The N2O reduction rates were approximately 25% for these Annex 1 countries and amino acids were able to make a large contribution to that reduction. Greenhouse gases (GHG) which are N2O combined with methane (CH4) were estimated to reduce by 24.8% in Japan when amino acids were introduced into the feed, but only a 7.2% reduction was estimated in France. Purification, which is mainly used for manure treatment in Japan, emits much more N2O and less CH4, whereas the liquid system which is mainly used in France emits more CH4 and less N2O based on the emission factors from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change data base. Changing the French manure treatment system to the Japanese style with amino acids in feed would reduce GHG emissions by 23.4%. Reduction of the arable land use in Japan by changing crop formulations supported by adding amino acids to feed was also quantified as about 10% and led to an increase in the production of meat using the same arable land area.
Cost‐effective assessment of conservation status of fens
Authors: Andersen Dagmar K. , Nygaard Bettina , Fredshavn Jesper R. , Ejrnæs Rasmus 
Published: January 2013

AbstractQuestionsHow can conservation status of rich fen and alkaline spring areas be assessed most cost‐effectively based on existing monitoring data? What is the precision and accuracy of available indicators?LocationRich fen and alkaline spring areas in Denmark.MethodsPotential indicators of conservation status were evaluated based on: accuracy, measured as the ability to predict the number of typical species in monitoring plots; precision, measured as variation over years of indicators in repeated plots; and cost of obtaining data for the indicator. Indicators were derived using data from the Danish National Monitoring and Assessment Programme for the Aquatic and Terrestrial Environment from 2000 to 2009. Indicators included biotic indices derived from species lists, abiotic measurements of pH and nutrients and structural measurements of vegetation height and tree cover.ResultsThe majority of indicators showed a significant correlation with the number of typical species. Floristic indicators, especially based on Ellenberg nutrient values, showed superior correlation and were furthermore very stable over years. Structural indicators were generally accurate, but were highly imprecise with high between‐year variation. Among the abiotic indicators, pH and soil P were inaccurate, whereas tissue N content and nitrate in water were accurate but with low precision. When balancing efficiency of indicators with monitoring costs, laboratory analyses stand out as expensive compared to recording of a species list, the latter providing up to five valuable indicators.ConclusionsFloristic indicators derived from Ellenberg values, and especially those related to nutrient availability, are cost‐effective indicators of conservation status. The method is applicable to all regions where Ellenberg indicator values have been calibrated to fit local conditions.
Effects of plant community composition and flowering phenology on honeybee foraging in Mediterranean sylvo‐pastoral systems
Authors: Bagella Simonetta , Satta Alberto , Floris Ignazio , Caria Maria Carmela , Rossetti Ivo , Podani János 
Published: January 2013

AbstractQuestionsWhich are the most effective plant communities for honeybee foraging and honey production in Mediterranean sylvo‐pastoral systems? What is the relationship between flowering phenology and pollen occurring in honey sediments?LocationMediterranean sylvo‐pastoral system in Gallura, Sardinia, Italy.MethodsPhytosociological and phenological surveys were performed in a circular area of 1.5 km radius with a small apiary placed in the centre. Polleniferous and nectariferous values of plant communities were assessed based on the cover and the polleniferous and nectariferous value of each constituting species. Honey production was quantified during the main flow (March–June) and subjected to melissopalynological analysis. Data were evaluated by ordination through principal components analysis and principal coordinates analysis. The latter utilized a new index, developed for calculating the phenological distances based on the individual distributions of flowering frequencies.ResultsPlant communities richest in species providing pollen and nectar were Rhamnus hedges. There was a close correlation between polleniferous and nectariferous values, suggesting that plant communities are important for honeybee foraging of both resources. The temporal flowering sequence ensured the supply of nectar and pollen throughout the spring season. Pollen foraged from 12 Trifolium species with different flowering phenology was the most abundant. Salix purpurea and Rhamnus alaternus were productive at the beginning of the season, followed by Lavandula stoechas, Echium plantagineum and E. italicum.ConclusionsPlant communities vary in importance for honeybee foraging mainly due to differences in floristic composition and flowering phenology. Communities characterized by human presence (e.g. semi‐natural grasslands and hedges) are the most relevant. Some target species (e.g. Trifolium spp.) favoured by grazing livestock ensure foraging for honeybees throughout the season. Plant communities of wild areas, such as the garrigue vegetation, provide foraging for unifloral valuable honey (i.e. ‘Lavandula’ honey).
A prospective, international phase 2 study of bortezomib retreatment in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma
Authors: Petrucci Maria T. , Giraldo Pilar , Corradini Paolo , Teixeira Adriana , Dimopoulos Meletios A. , Blau Igor W. , Drach Johannes , Angermund Ralf , Allietta Nathalie , Broer Esther , Mitchell Vivien , Bladé Joan 
Published: January 2013

SummaryMultiple myeloma (MM) typically follows a relapsing course with many patients requiring multiple therapies. This single‐arm phase 2 study prospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of bortezomib retreatment in MM patients who had relapsed after achieving at least a partial response (≥PR) to prior bortezomib‐based therapy.Patients aged ≥18 years, with measurable, secretory MM, who relapsed ≥6 months after prior bortezomib treatment were eligible. Patients received up to eight cycles of bortezomib (±dexamethasone). The primary endpoint was best confirmed response at retreatment; secondary endpoints included duration of response (DOR), time to progression (TTP), and safety. Adverse events (AEs) were graded by National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0.A total of 130 patients (median of two prior lines of therapy) were enrolled and received retreatment. At retreatment, 28% and 72% of patients received bortezomib and bortezomib‐dexamethasone, respectively. Overall response rate was 40%. In patients who achieved ≥PR, median DOR and TTP were 6·5 and 8·4 months, respectively. Thrombocytopenia was the most common grade ≥3 AE (35%). Forty percent of patients experienced neuropathy events, which improved and resolved in a median of 1·5 and 8·9 months, respectively.In conclusion, bortezomib retreatment was effective and tolerable in relapsed MM patients, with no evidence of cumulative toxicities.
Concerns about medications mediate the association of posttraumatic stress disorder with adherence to medication in stroke survivors
Authors: Edmondson Donald , Horowitz Carol R. , Goldfinger Judith Z. , Fei Kezhen , Kronish Ian M. 
Published: January 2013

ObjectivesPost‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be a consequence of acute medical events and has been associated with non‐adherence to medications. We tested whether increased concerns about medications could explain the association between PTSD and non‐adherence to medication in stroke survivors.DesignWe surveyed 535 participants aged 40 years or older who had at least one stroke or transient ischaemic attack in the previous 5 years.MethodsWe assessed PTSD using the PTSD checklist‐specific for stroke, medication adherence with the Morisky Medication Adherence Questionnaire, and beliefs about medications with the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire. We used logistic regression to test whether concerns about medications mediated the association between stroke‐induced PTSD and non‐adherence to medication. Covariates for adjusted analyses included age, sex, race, comorbid medical conditions, stroke‐related disability, years since last stroke/TIA, and depression.ResultsSymptoms of PTSD were correlated with greater concerns about medications (r = 0.45; p < .001), and both were associated with medication non‐adherence. Adjustment for concerns about medications attenuated the relationship between PTSD and non‐adherence to medication, from an odds ratio [OR] of 1.04 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.06; OR, 1.63 per 1 SD) to an OR of 1.02 (95% CI, 1.00–1.05; OR, 1.32 per 1 SD), and increased concerns about medications remained associated with increased odds of non‐adherence to medication (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.10–1.25; OR, 1.72 per 1 SD) in this fully adjusted model. A bootstrap mediation test suggested that the indirect effect was statistically significant and explained 38% of the association of PTSD to medication non‐adherence, and the direct effect of PTSD symptoms on medication non‐adherence was no longer significant.ConclusionIncreased concerns about medications explain a significant proportion of the association between PTSD symptoms and non‐adherence to medication in stroke survivors.Statement of contributionWhat is already known on this subject? Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common after cardiovascular events, including stroke and transient ischemic attack. PTSD due to non‐stroke cardiovascular events is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease recurrence and mortality. PTSD due to stroke is associated with increased risk for medication nonadherence in stroke survivors.What does this study add? While PTSD has been associated with medication nonadherence in stroke survivors and acute coronary syndrome survivors, no mechanism for that association has been tested. This is the first study to provide evidence for a mediator of the PTSD‐nonadherence association, increased concerns about medications, and point to potential interventions to improve adherence in stroke survivors.
Social spaces for young children in hospital
Authors: Lambert V. , Coad J. , Hicks P. , Glacken M. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundIn the last number of years heightened interest has been attributed to the impact of hospital environments on children's psychosocial well‐being. With policy largely built around adult assumptions, knowledge about what constitutes a child‐friendly hospital environment from young children's perspectives has been lacking. If hospital environments are to aspire to being child friendly then the views of younger aged children must be taken into account. The current study investigated young children's perspectives of hospital social spaces to inform the design of the built environment of a new children's hospital.MethodsAn exploratory qualitative participatory design was employed. Data were collected through semi‐structured interviews (one‐to‐one and group workshops) which incorporated art‐based activities to actively engage young children. Fifty‐five young children aged 5 to 8 years with various acute and chronic illnesses were recruited from inpatient, outpatient and emergency departments of three children's hospitals.ResultsYoung children want a diversity of readily available, independently accessible, age, gender and developmentally appropriate leisure and entertainment facilities seamlessly integrated throughout the hospital environment. Such activities were invaluable for creating a positive hospital experience for children by combating boredom, enriching choice and control and reducing a sense of isolation through enhanced socialization. When in hospital, young children want to feel socially connected to the internal hospital community as well as to the outside world. Technology can assist to broaden the spectrum of children's social connectivity when in hospital – to home, school and the wider outside world.ConclusionWhile technology offers many opportunities to support children's psychosocial well‐being when in confined healthcare spaces, the implementation and operation of such services and systems require much further research in the areas of ethics, facilitation, organizational impact and evaluation.
Implications of parent and child quality of life assessments for decisions about growth hormone treatment in eligible children
Authors: Otero S. C. , Eiser C. , Wright N. P. , Butler G. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo determine differences between parents and children in ratings of child health‐related quality of life (HRQL) prior to growth hormone treatment.MethodHRQL measures were collected from 144 children and their caregivers. Inclusion criteria were aged between 10 and 16 years, diagnosed with Turner's syndrome, acquired or idiopathic growth hormone deficiency (AGHD or IGHD) and eligible to begin human GH treatment (GHT), or non‐growth hormone deficient (GHD) short stature.ResultsParents rated children to have poorer physical and psychosocial HRQL than children rated themselves. Differences depended on the measure used. Parents rated children with IGHD and non‐GHD short stature better than children rated themselves, but they rated children with AGHD or Turner's much worse than children rated themselves in terms of physical but not psychosocial functioning.ConclusionsDecisions to prescribe GHT should include children's perspectives of HRQL whenever possible. Differences between parents and children are most likely in conditions that involve more complex medical needs (AGHD and Turner's). Generic and disease‐specific HRQL measures may vary in sensitivity to HRQL differences between groups. More work is required to evaluate HRQL among younger children.
Osseointegration at implants placed into delayed reimplanted roots: An experimental study in dogs
Authors: de Carvalho Cardoso Leandro , Poi Wilson Roberto , Botticelli Daniele , Junior Idelmo Rangel Garcia , Pantani Fabio , Pereira Cassiano Costa Silva 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAimTo evaluate peri‐implant bone repair of implants placed into the roots of delayed reimplanted teeth, in a process of ankylosis and external replacement resorption.Material and methodsThe third and fourth mandibular premolars of four (4) beagle dogs were used as experimental sites. The study was divided into three stages: stage 1 – endodontic and extraction/reimplantation session, stage 2 – decrowning session and stage 3 – implant placement. Two groups were identified: (I) immediate implants, including implants installed in fresh extraction sockets of the distal roots, and (II) experimental implants, including implants installed into the retained ankylotic mesial roots. In each group, 16 implants were planned to be inserted, but only 9 immediate implants and 12 experimental implants were used for analyses. Implants were intended to heal in a submerged mode. After 4 months of healing, the animals were sacrificed and ground sections were obtained for histomorphometric evaluation.ResultsEleven of the twelve implants in the experimental group were found successful regarding clinical and radiographic aspects. For immediate implants, a lower BIC% was found at the coronal portion (BIC% 1 = 42.2%) compared with the three most coronal threads portion (BIC% 2 = 55.1). Also, experimental implants presented a lower BIC% at the coronal portion (BIC% 1 = 36.9%) compared with the three most coronal threads portion (BIC% 2 = 45.3).ConclusionComparison between groups showed a higher degree of BIC% and mineralization in immediate group compared with experimental group. The differences, however, did not yield statistical significance.
Outcome of a second patch test reading of TRUE Tests® on D6/7
Authors: Torp Madsen Jakob , Andersen Klaus Ejner 
Published: January 2013

Background. Two readings of patch test reactions are recommended.Objectives. To evaluate the outcome of a second patch test reading of TRUE Test® allergens on D6/7 in relation to negative or doubtful reactions on D3/4.Methods. This was a retrospective investigation of patch test data from January 1992 to October 2011 from consecutive eczema patients tested with the TRUE Test® panels.Results. In the period of nearly 20 years, a total of 9997 patients were tested. The total number of positive reactions to the 29 allergens was 6509; 4.4% were positive on D6/7 and negative on D3/4; and 9.1% were positive on D6/7 after a doubtful (?+) reaction on D3/4. Neomycin was the most frequent allergen giving delayed positive reactions (57%), followed by budesonide (42%) and hydrocortisone‐17‐butyrate (31%).Conclusion. A total of 4.4% of positive TRUE Test® reactions would be missed, and 9.1% might be missed, if only one reading was performed on D3/4. The results emphasize that many doubtful reactions at D3/4 may develop into positive reactions at a later reading. This may have important implications for evaluation of the clinical relevance of the test result.
Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway mediates high glucose induced cell injury through activation of TRPC6 in podocytes
Authors: Li Z. , Xu J. , Xu P. , Liu S. , Yang Z. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectivesDiabetic nephropathy is a major complication of diabetes and a frequent cause of end‐stage renal disease and recent studies suggest that podocyte damage may play a role in the pathogenesis of this. At early onset of diabetic nephropathy there is podocyte drop‐out, which is thought to provoke glomerular albuminuria and subsequent glomerular injury; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this remain poorly understood. Here we report that we tested the hypothesis that early diabetic podocyte injury is caused, at least in part, by up‐regulation of transient receptor potential cation channel 6 (TRPC6), which is regulated by the canonical Wnt signalling pathway, in mouse podocytes.Materials and methodsMechanism of injury initiation in mouse podocytes, by high concentration of D‐glucose (HG, 30 mM), was investigated by MTT, flow cytometry, real‐time quantitative PCR, and western blot analysis.ResultsHG induced apoptosis and reduced viability of differentiated podocytes. It caused time‐dependent up‐regulation of TRPC6 and activation of the canonical Wnt signalling pathway, in mouse podocytes. In these cells, blockade of the Wnt signalling pathway by dickkopf related protein 1 (Dkk1) resulted in effective reduction of TRPC6 up‐regulation and amelioration of podocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, reduction of cell viability induced by HG was attenuated by treatment with Dkk1.ConclusionThese findings indicate that the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway may potentially be active in pathogenesis of TRPC6‐mediated diabetic podocyte injury.
Strategic breakthrough in adult ABO‐incompatible living donor liver transplantation: preliminary results of consecutive seven cases
Authors: Soejima Yuji , Muto Jyun , Matono Rumi , Ninomiya Mizuki , Ikeda Tetsuo , Yoshizumi Tomoharu , Uchiyama Hideaki , Ikegami Toru , Shirabe Ken , Maehara Yoshihiko 
Published: January 2013

AbstractABO‐incompatibility is a major obstacle to expanding exiguous donor pools in adult liver transplantation, especially in countries where grafts from deceased donors are uncommon. We present our preliminary results of ABO‐incompatible (ABO‐I) adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using a new, simple protocol. Seven consecutive cases of ABO‐I LDLT were managed by the same protocol including pre‐operative administration of a single dose of rituximab (375 mg/m2) followed by three to five sessions of plasma exchange before LDLT without portal infusion therapy. The triple immunosuppression protocol consisted of tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil and steroids, with mycophenolate mofetil starting seven d before LDLT. Splenectomy was performed for all cases. All patients are alive (100% survival) with a mean follow‐up of 852 d (715–990 d). Neither antibody‐mediated nor hyperacute rejection were encountered. There was only one episode of mild acute cellular rejection, for which steroid augmentation was effective. The median preformed isoagglutinin antibody titer before plasma exchange was 256, while the median antibody titer immediately before LDLT was 16. In conclusion, adult ABO‐I LDLT results were excellent – comparable or even superior to those of ABO‐compatible LDLT. ABO‐I adult LDLT has now become a more applicable modality without the need for an appropriate donor.
Nail stem cells
Authors: Sellheyer Klaus 
Published: January 2013

SummaryOur knowledge on stem cells of the hair follicle has increased exponentially after the bulge was characterized as the stem cell niche two decades ago. In contrast, little is known about stem cells in the nail unit. Whereas hair follicles are plentiful and easy to access, the human body has only twenty nails and they are rarely biopsied. Therefore, examining fetal material offers unique advantages. In the following mini‐review, our current knowledge on nail stem cells is summarized and analogies to the hair follicle stem cells are drawn.
Extrinsic and intrinsic factors influence daily activity of a Mediterranean cyprinid
Authors: Martelo Joana , Grossman Gary D. , Filomena Magalhães M. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractFactors shaping individual behavior remain poorly understood for European cyprinids. We examined the effects of extrinsic (temperature and year) and intrinsic factors (body size and shoal size) on the daily activity of chub Squalius torgalensis, a critically endangered cyprinid found in the Torgal stream, Portugal. We quantified chub behaviors while snorkeling, using instantaneous sampling of focal individuals, in spring 2009 and 2010. We used Principal Component Analysis to describe individual behavior and assessed competing models relating individual behavior to explanatory variables using Akaike's Information Criterion. Year had a strong influence on chub behavior, with individuals spending more time drift foraging and orienting in 2009, whereas in 2010 they spent more time benthic foraging and cruising. Shoal size did not influence behaviors in 2009, but in 2010 individuals in small shoals foraged benthically and searched with greater frequency than those in large shoals. Individuals increased cruising and decreased searching as they grew in length, but the opposite trend was observed as temperature increased. Our results indicate that both extrinsic and intrinsic factors influence daily activity of chub, with individual behaviors varying between years, and depending upon shoal size, body size and temperature. This suggests that chub display high levels of individual behavioral flexibility, which may be important for fish inhabiting harsh and highly variable Mediterranean streams. Conservation efforts for this species will benefit by integrating behavioral information into management strategies.