bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and Characterization of Nanostructured Thermoelectric Materials and Devices
Authors: Geist Brian L. , Zaynetdinov Madrakhim , Myers Kirby , Zhang K. , Chen X. , Ramalingom Pillai A.D. , Baumgart Helmut , Robinson Hans D. , Kochergin Vladimir 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTWe present results of modeling and experimental characterization of thermoelectric (TE) materials built on new fabrication principles, involving the coating of three-dimensionally structured quantum well super-lattice substrates with PbTe/PbSe. A new system for wafer-scale electrochemical deposition of such structures was specifically developed and will be described in this paper. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to measure film thickness and electron diffraction spectroscopy (EDS) was used to determine film material concentration. By adjusting deposition parameters, we were able to build stoichiometric PbSe, PbTe and stacked PbSe/PbTe super-lattice films on planar and pre-structured surfaces. The films were thermoelectrically modelled using COMSOL and then characterized using an infrared Seebeck effect measurement system which measured surface heating of the film while measuring the voltage associated with the temperature gradient. We report advances in the design and fabrication of TE materials which improve cost-effectiveness and TE efficiency.
Indium Tin Oxide Conductive Nanowires Formed by Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Yamamoto Naoki , Morisawa Kirihiko 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTIndium tin oxide (ITO) nanowires (NWs) were grown on glass substrates by using ITO sputtering sources (targets) with SnO2 contents in the range of approximately 5.0 to 30.0 wt%. NW growth became apparent at temperatures above 125 °C, and the In, Sn and O contents of the resulting ITO NWs were similar to those of the ITO source. NWs grown from ITO sources containing 5.0 to 12.0 wt% SnO2 had circular or elliptical cross-sections, while those obtained from sources with 12.0 to 30.0 wt% SnO2 exhibited square cross-sections. ITO NWs approximately 2 μm in length were obtained as single crystals with a cubic crystal structure. The resistivity of an ITO NW was measured using four nanoprobes in conjunction with a field emission scanning electron microscope and was found to range from 0.13 to 0.6 μΩ-m, values that were approximately one order of magnitude lower than those of transparent ITO films.
Flame Spray Pyrolysis of Electrode Materials for Energy Applications
Authors: Dahl Paul I. , Thomassen Magnus S. , Colmenares Luis C. , Barnett Alejandro O. , Lomas Scott , Vullum Per E. , Hanetho Sidsel M. , Mokkelbost Tommy 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTFlame spray pyrolysis (FSP) was applied to produce nanopowders of Ti1-xMxO2 and Sn1-xMxO2, where x = 0.05 and M = Nb/Sb, for use as catalyst support materials in PEM fuel cells/ electrolysers. FSP powders in the SnO2-IrO2 system were produced for the same applications. Homogenous particle size distribution (5-20 nm) was demonstrated by TEM, supported by BET and XRD analysis. Whereas two polymorphs were indicated for the Ti-based oxides, the Sb/Nb-doped SnO2 powders were single phase. FSP powders of Mn3O4 intended for supercapacitors were produced and the influence of the precursor/solvent mixtures on the physical and electrochemical properties evaluated.
Keratosis Lichenoides Chronica – a Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Paravina Mirjana , Cvetanović Predrag , Kostov Miloš , Živković Slađana , Dimovski Ivana , Jovanović Marina 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Keratosis lichenoides chronica represents a distinct entity, a rare disease of unknown etiology and pathogenesis, with clinical manifestations which, although typical, require extensive differential diagnosis. The course of the disease is chronic, progressive, and it is resistant to various treatment options, so despite variations in the clinical picture it is really easier to diagnose than to treat. This is a case report of a male patient in whom the diagnosis of keratosis lichenoides chronica was based on typical clinical picture, repeated biopsies and histopathological findings, course of the disease and poor response to any therapy.
Cutaneous Sarcoidosis Associated with Vitiligo and Autoimmune Thyroiditis – a Case Report
Authors: Lalošević Jovan , Škiljević Dušan 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease and approximately one third of patients with the systemic form develop skin lesions. We present a case of cutaneous sarcoidosis associated with autoimmune thyroiditis and vitiligo. Although this association is rare by itself, it imposes the theory of autoimmune etiology of sarcoidosis. Moreover, our patient presented with elevated levels of serum chitotriosidase, a known biomarker in the activity of systemic sarcoidosis. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports of chitotriosidase in isolated cutaneous sarcoidosis, raising a possible field for future research.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris
Authors: Kubanov Alexey , Gallyamova Yulia 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The article deals with clinical diagnosis and treatment of pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP). The authors analyze the diagnostic errors, present literature review, and their own observations. The clinical study included 23 patients with pityriasis rubra pilaris: 18 women and 5 men, average age of 54 ± 7.2. The clinical diagnosis of all examined patients was subsequently confirmed by histological analysis of the skin. The primary clinical diagnosis was psoriasis in 15 (65.2%) patients, 6 (26%) patients received treatment for toxic exanthema, and only 2 (8.8%) patients were presumptively diagnosed with pityriasis rubra pilaris. In conclusion, pityriasis rubra pilaris was initially misdiagnosed in 91.2% of patients. Considering the great number of diagnostic errors, we analyzed the main diagnostic and differential diagnostic features of PRP. The most effective of all synthetic retinoids in PRP treatment is acitretin. Although symptomatic improvement in PRP occurs within a month, substantial improvement, even clearing is possible within 4 - 6 months.
Pachydermodactyly: a Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Paravina Mirjana , Stanojević Milenko , Jovanović Dragan , Ljubisavljević Dragana 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Pachydermodactyly is a rare, benign form of digital fibromatosis, characterized by asymptomatic and progressive, periarticular and usually symmetrical soft tissue finger swelling, specifically on the lateral aspects of the proximal interphalangeal joints mainly of the second, third, and fourth fingers; it mostly affects young adolescents and is probably due to repeated mechanical injury of the skin (such as repeated clasping or rubbing of crossed fingers), sometimes as a result of obsessive-compulsive disorder, which must be distinguished from obsessive “chewing pads”. This paper presents a male patient aged 19, who presented with first symptoms at the age of 12, and was diagnosed with periarticular hypertrophy: localized soft tissue thickening around the proximal interphalangeal joints of all fingers except the thumbs; slight hypertrophy of the skin; absence of subjective complaints; normal joint function. Dermatological status on admission revealed: symmetrical soft tissue swelling of all fingers of both hands except the thumbs at the level of the proximal interphalangeal joints; normal appearance of the distal parts of all fingers; thickening at the level of the proximal interphalangeal joints, bilateral, almost symmetrical hypertrophy (ulnar and radial) of phalanges of the affected fingers except both index fingers, affecting only the ulnar side. The skin lesions were pain-free on palpation, with homogeneous texture and elastic consistency, freely movable over underlying structures. The affected joints showed no functional deficit. The test results, sonography, radiography and histopathology confirmed our clinical diagnosis-pachydermodactyly. The review of the currently available literature, published between 1973 and 2014, including 99 papers and 160 patients, provided important insight into the characteristics and variations of the disease.
« L’émancipation des femmes » par le travail dans la Chine communiste de 1958 à 1976
Authors: Tang Xiaojing , Lévy Florence , Mei Chai , Heiniger Alix 
Published: April 2015

Cet article se veut une contribution à l’étude de l’expérience professionnelle et de la vie familiale des femmes pendant le Grand Bond en avant. Son objectif est d’analyser les processus qui ont amené l’État à construire, au nom de l’émancipation féminine, un marché secondaire de l’emploi. Comment cette politique a-t-elle pu être mise en place ? Comment les femmes l’ont-elles vécue ? Contrairement aux femmes relevant de la catégorie des cadres et des ouvrières statutaires, celles qui étaient considérées comme « femmes au foyer » ont connu un système d’emploi temporaire, caractérisé par des postes instables, pénibles et mal rémunérés. En dépit de longues périodes de travail en usine, elles ont dû endosser l’étiquette stigmatisante de « femmes au foyer ». Dès le début cependant, elles ont lutté pour réclamer une égalité de traitement et plus d’indépendance. Ainsi le combat de ces femmes appartient-il à l’histoire de l’émancipation féminine de la période du Grand Bond en avant.
Les parrainages d’enfants étrangers au 20 e siècle
Authors: Denéchère Yves 
Published: April 2015

Le parrainage international (ou transnational) peut être défini comme une aide, essentiellement matérielle, apportée par des personnes vivant dans des pays développés à des enfants étrangers (et à leur famille ou à leur communauté) vivant dans des conditions difficiles. Cet article explore l’histoire générale des parrainages internationaux des années 1920 à la fin du 20 e siècle. Il vise à montrer en quoi ces formes de dons constituent des relations interpersonnelles transnationales qui participent à la formation de liens entre des sociétés très différentes. La problématique implique d’investiguer plusieurs questions afin de préciser les logiques des associations, les motivations des parrains et définir la nature du lien construit.
Le CAPES d’histoire et de géographie
Authors: Bourdon Étienne , Chevalier Dominique , De Cock Laurence , Delacroix Christian , Garcia Patrick , Leduc Jean 
Published: April 2015

Cet article s’inscrit dans l’actualité de la réforme des concours de recrutement dont le ministère souhaite accentuer la « professionnalisation ». S’interrogeant sur la définition de ce terme pour des candidats qui n’ont, par définition, jamais eu charge de classe, les auteurs dressent un panorama des débats qui traversent le CAPES d’histoire-géographie à l’aune de leur histoire et des récents textes de cadrage. En refusant d’entrer dans une grille binaire qui opposerait le pédagogique et le scientifique, ils montrent que la professionnalisation, au niveau du recrutement, ne peut se penser sans convoquer l’épistémologie de la discipline de référence sauf à sombrer dans la restitution de modèles de séances dépourvues de tout esprit critique.
Efficiency Assessment of Immunochromatographic Strip Test for the Diagnosis of Alpha-Thalassemia-1 Carriers
Authors: Sudjaroen Yuttana 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
Context: The prevention and control of thalassemia in Thailand focus on the appropriate diagnosis with a simple, cheap, and practical tool for any staff to use.
Aims: (1) To screen alpha-thalassemia-1 carriers among pregnant women and spouses by immunochromatographic (IC) strip test and one tube osmotic fragility test (OFT) and (2) to evaluate the accuracy of both screening methods.
Setting and Design: Cross-sectional study for 6 months duration from January to June 2013 at Kudjab Hospital located in Udonthani Province, Thailand.
Subjects and Methods: Pregnant women and spouses attending the antenatal care clinic joined the study for blood sample collection (n = 414). The specimens were then taken for screening by osmotic fragility and IC strip test to specify alpha-thalassemia carriers. Another set of the specimens was sent for testing using hemoglobin (Hb) typing for thalassemia and abnormal Hb carriers and using multiplex polymerase chain reaction for alpha-thalassemia-1 carriers diagnosis as a gold standard.
Results: There were 27 cases found as positive for alpha-thalassemia including alpha-thalassemia-1 carriers, South East Asian type, alpha-thalassemia-1 carriers, Thai deletion type, HbH and Hb constant spring, which were 18, 2, 3, and 2 cases, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of IC strip test were 92.6%, 95.1%, 56.8%, 99.4%, and 94.9%, respectively, which were higher than those of OFT.
Conclusions: Accuracy of IC strip test was better than those of OFT. IC strip test may probably be very helpful in a massive thalassemia screening program.
Performance of a 27 kDa Fasciola hepatica Antigen in the Diagnosis of Human Fascioliasis
Authors: Shafiei Reza , Sarkari Bahador , Sadjjadi Seyed Mahmoud 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
Background: Serological diagnosis, based on antigenic fractions of the parasite can be used for the early diagnosis of human fascioliasis. The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a 27 kDa immunodominant antigen of Fasciola hepatica adult worms, in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system for serological diagnosis of human fascioliasis.
Materials and Methods: The immunodiagnosis of human fascioliasis, using a 27 kDa immunodominant antigen, purified from F. hepatica somatic antigens (SAs), was evaluated by Western blotting and ELISA with sera samples of human fascioliasis patients, healthy controls and patients with other parasitic infections.
Results: Using western blotting, from 12 sera of fascioliasis patients, 11 sera (91.6%) detected the 27 kDa subunit. None of 30 samples from healthy controls or 32 sera from nonfascioliasis patients reacted with the 27 kDa antigen. Accordingly, sensitivity and specificity of the system was found to be 91.6% and 100%, respectively. The 27 kDa antigen was purified from the SAs and was used in an indirect ELISA system. Of 15 sera of fascioliasis patients, all (100%) were found to be positive by ELISA whereas only 4 cases (6.25%) of nonfascioliasis patients or healthy controls were false-positive by this system. Accordingly, the sensitivity and specificity of the test were 100% and 93.6%, respectively.
Conclusion: Findings of this study demonstrated that both Western blotting and the indirect ELISA, based on the 27 kDa subunit of F. hepatica SA, are reliable methods for serodiagnosis of human fascioliasis.
A Rare Case of Mycetoma Due to Curvularia
Authors: Shinde Rupali S , Hanumantha Sreedevi , Mantur Basappa G , Parande Mahantesh V 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTMycetoma due to Curvularia is a rare clinical entity. Here, we report a case of 27-year-old female presented with multiple swellings and discharging wounds around left shoulder joint since 12 years. Local examination showed diffuse nodular swellings over left anterior chest wall, posterior chest wall, and axilla. Multiple nodules and discharging sinuses were seen. Fungal culture of the biopsy of the lesion revealed Curvularia species. Patient showed significant clinical improvement with itraconazole therapy.
Hepatic Tuberculosis Mimicking Metastasis in a Case of Carcinoma Sigmoid Colon
Authors: Husain Musharraf , Khan Sabina , Hassan Mohammad Jaseem 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTTuberculosis (TB) presenting as isolated liver mass without clinical evidence of TB is difficult to diagnose preoperatively and is usually mimicked by primary or metastatic carcinoma of the liver. Hepatic TB associated with carcinoma colon is a rare association which has very rarely been reported in the literature. This case illustrates the diagnostic difficulties of hepatic TB and the need to consider it in the differential diagnosis of hepatic nodular lesions in carcinoma colon patients. Here, we report a case of 48-year-old female who presented in the casualty with features of acute intestinal obstruction. Preoperatively a mass was seen at the hepatic flexure along with three lesions in the liver presumed to be metastatic in origin. However, histopathology of the mass revealed adenocarcinoma colon and the liver lesion proved to be hepatic TB. We wish to highlight that on encountering a hepatic lesion in a carcinoma colon patient the possibility of hepatic TB should also be kept in mind apart from the obvious possibility of metastasis especially in an endemic country like India.
Family Medicine as a Model of Primary Health Services Delivery: A Pilot Study in Almaty, Kazakhstan
Authors: Orynbassarova Dilara 
Published: April 2015

Introduction. Advanced models of delivering primary health care are being implemented in various countries of the world. This is especially true for countries undergoing a healthcare transition in Central Asia, such as Kazakhstan, which obtained independence from Soviet Union in 1991. The Kazakhstan National Program of Health Reform, implemented between 2005-2010, aimed to create an effective system of primary care. One of the key directions of healthcare reform implemented in Kazakhstan included the development of family medicine, which has become cutting-edge agenda for Kazakhstan Health Ministry over the past 10 years. While many papers have been published about the importance of family medicine and primary healthcare models, few have focused on analyzing family medicine effectiveness in Kazakhstan and its impact on access to family doctor services and patient satisfaction. The key aims of this pilot investigation were 1) to assess the model’s impact on access to primary care and patients’ satisfaction, and 2) to explore the model’s effectiveness in some Central Asian and transitional countries in the literature. Methods. This pilot study was based on semi-structured interviews and questionnaires about the perception and impact of the primary care model to 86 respondents aged 19-51 (54% females, 46% males). The majority of respondents were Almaty city residents (71%), while the rest were Almaty Province rural residents (22%) and residents of other Kazakhstan regions (7%).Results. Respondents from rural areas associated general practitioners, or family doctors, with community clinics (also referred to as feldsher posts). Even though urban area respondents use family doctor services, they were more likely to get those services in private rather than public clinics. Rural residents appear to have better access to primary care providers than urban residents participating in our study. Also, respondents from rural areas were more satisfied with services provided by family doctors than respondents from urban areas.Conclusions. This pilot study helped to improve our understanding of primary health care reforms implemented in Kazakhstan, a topic that is not traditionally covered in international literature. This pilot study suggests that primary care is more effectively implemented in rural areas of Kazakhstan (Almaty Province); however, future full-scale research in this area is needed to fully understand the complexity of primary healthcare access in Kazakhstan.
O corpo do outro: O guerreiro gaulês nos comentários às guerras das Gálias de Júlio César.
Authors: Silva Priscilla Ylre Pereira da 
Published: April 2015

Neste artigo, temos por finalidade analisar, num primeiro momento, a relação galo-romana no período do final da República e a importância das características e práticas corporais na elaboração da imagem do homem gaulês. Apoiando-nos principalmente nos relatos de Júlio César (100 – 44 a.C.) acerca de seus oito anos de campanha militar nas Gálias, compilados em seus Comentários Num segundo momento, enfatizaremos as características atribuídas aos guerreiros gauleses e as mudanças nas técnicas militares ao decorrer do crescimento do contato com o mundo grecorromano.
Experiências educacionais no Assentamento José Eduardo Raduan: escola, educação e terra
Authors: Callegari Ricardo 
Published: April 2015

Busco discutir sobre a relação existente entre a luta, educação e a terra e quais os significados que estas possuem para as famílias assentadas no Assentamento José Eduardo Raduan, em Marmeleiro, Sudoeste do Paraná (1983/2003). Compreende-se que a luta feita pelos Sem Terra traz significados sobre educação e escola que se diferenciam do modelo tradicional e neoliberal de educação, principalmente por conciliar a educação com a prática e a vivência dos alunos buscando a transformação intelectual e social deste. Partindo do pressuposto que a educação é uma importante ferramenta para compreendermos o mundo em que se vive e dasrelações que está inserido; serve para ver a história e as lutas buscando valorizar a formação da identidade – Sem Terra – através do conhecimento destas lutas. Para tanto será analisado entrevistas orais e materiais produzidos pelo movimento.
Fontes on-line em arquivos brasileiros: Reflexões sobre a Internet no ofício do historiador
Authors: Baumann Celeste , Granzoto Junior Elson , Nogueira Patrícia Moreira , Broda Paula De Castro , Souza Renata Soares de , Rodrigues Vanessa Neri 
Published: April 2015

Esta pesquisa está inserida em um momento no qual as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs) potencializam diariamente a interface entre preservação, divulgação e produção de conhecimentos históricos. Neste artigo, procuramos apontar brevemente o caminho por nós percorrido, ancorados pela leitura dos principais debates a respeito do tema. Subsidiados pela experiência do contato direto com os sites dos arquivos, foi nos permitido refletir acerca da situação atual das fontes on-line, seus processos de digitalização, critérios de seleção e a organização das fontes, ampliando o escopo para se pensar os usos possíveis da Internet para o ofício do historiador e os desafios futuros impostos pelas novas tecnologias.