bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrothermal Fabrication and Luminescence Properties of One‐Dimensional TiO2:Eu3+ Spindlelike Nanorods
Authors: Zhang Hongguang , Sheng Ye , Zheng Keyan , Zhou Xiuqing , Shi Zhan , Xu Xuechun , Zou Haifeng 
Published: June 2014

AbstractHighly crystalline and uniform TiO2:Eu3+ spindlelike nanorods have been successfully synthesized through a facile hydrothermal route with citric acid (H3Cit) and ethanediamine (en) as the assistant agents for the first time. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected‐area electron diffraction (SAED), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy were utilized to characterize the samples. In the synthetic process, the dosages of ethanediamine and citric acid are important parameters that affect the morphology and size of the final products. A possible formation process of the samples has been proposed in detail. The existence of Eu3+ sites in the TiO2 nanorods was proved by site‐selective spectroscopy. Furthermore, the TiO2:Eu3+ spindlelike nanorods exhibit bright red (Eu3+, 5D0→7F2) luminescence under ultraviolet (UV) excitation; therefore, they may find potential applications in fluorescent lamps and field‐emission displays (FEDs).
Substitution‐Modulated Anticancer Activity of Half‐Sandwich Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Heterocyclic Ancillary Ligands
Authors: Mitra Raja , Samuelson Ashoka G. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTen new organometallic half‐sandwich ruthenium complexes with heterocyclic ligands have been synthesized (H1–H10). The substituents on the ancillary heterocyclic ligands were varied to understand the effect of substitution on anticancer activity. The crystallographic characterization of five complexes confirms that they adopt “three‐legged piano‐stool” structures and are stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonding. Complexes H2 and H3 also exhibit halogen bonding in the solid state. In aqueous media, the complexes form dinuclear ruthenium species. Complex H1 with a noncytotoxic heterocycle, 6‐fluoro‐2‐mercaptobenzothiazole, and complex H11 with the unsubstituted 2‐mercaptobenzothiazole are the most active against A2780 and KB cell lines. The substitution of the H atoms on the ancillary ligand with Cl or Br atoms leads to a decrease in the anticancer activity. With the exception of fluorine‐substituted H5, the complexes with mercaptobenzoxazole (H6–H9) are inactive against all of the tested cell lines. Ruthenium complexes with mercaptonaphthimidazole (H10) and mercaptobenzimidazole (H13) do not show any anticancer activity. The active complexes show a biphasic melting curve when incubated with calf thymus (CT) DNA. These complexes only inhibit thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) enzyme activity to a small extent. The substitution of hydrogen atoms with fluorine atoms in the aromatic heterocyclic ligands on organometallic half‐sandwich ruthenium complexes has the most beneficial effect on their anticancer activity.
Self‐Assembly of Subnanometer‐Scaled Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) Macroions in Dilute Solution
Authors: Zhou Jing , Yin Panchao , Hu Lang , Haso Fadi , Liu Tianbo 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBoth positively and negatively charged polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) electrolytes were observed to self‐assemble into blackberry‐type supramolecular structures in water/acetone mixed solvents, driven by the counterion‐mediated attraction. Laser light‐scattering studies reveal that the sizes of the blackberry structures increase with increasing acetone content, which suggests a charge‐regulated process. Studies on two oppositely charged POSS macroions with identical charges and similar sizes show the discrepancy between positively and negatively charged POSS macroions, which is related to counterions, ionic domains of macroions, and the water‐bridged hydrogen bonding between monomers. These POSS ions further decrease the lower size limit of macroions that can self‐assemble in polar solvents reported to date. The new phenomena were observed in the self‐assembly process of POSS macroions relative to other macroion systems.
Phosphate Diester Cleavage, DNA Interaction and Cytotoxic Activity of a Bimetallic Bis(1,4,7‐triazacyclononane) Zinc Complex
Authors: Montagner Diego , Gandin Valentina , Marzano Cristina , Erxleben Andrea 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe dinuclear zinc complex [Zn2{bcmp(‐H)}(μ‐Cl)](ClO4)2·H2O {bcmp = 2,6‐bis(1,4,7‐triazacyclonon‐1‐ylmethyl)‐4‐methylphenol} has been synthesized and structurally characterized. The DNA binding affinity was assessed by ethidium bromide fluorescence quenching experiments. The complex relaxes supercoiled pUC19 DNA into the nicked form at low micromolar concentration. Mechanistic studies were carried out using the DNA and RNA models bis(2,4‐dinitrophenyl) phosphate (BDNPP) and 2‐hydroxypropyl p‐nitrophenyl phosphate (HPNP). A detailed kinetic analysis suggested that the bridging OH group of the solution species [Zn2{bcmp(‐H)}(μ‐OH)]2+ acts as the nucleophile in the hydrolysis of BDNPP, while in the case of HPNP, the bridging OH group acts as a general base and seems to shift to a terminal position upon substrate coordination. Finally, the cytotoxicity profile of the dinuclear zinc(II) complex was assessed. The complex showed promising in vitro antitumour activity against pancreatic and lung cancers cell lines.
Solid‐Phase Synthesis of Cyclic Lipopeptidotriazoles
Authors: Vilà Sílvia , Camó Cristina , Figueras Eduard , Badosa Esther , Montesinos Emilio , Planas Marta , Feliu Lidia 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe solid‐phase synthesis of cyclic lipopeptidotriazoles derived from the cyclic decapeptide c(Lys‐Lys2‐Leu‐Lys‐Lys5‐Phe‐Lys‐Lys‐Leu‐Gln) (BPC194), incorporating a triazolyl ring at Lys2 and a hexanoyl group at Lys5, was studied. Four different strategies that required the use of five orthogonal protecting groups (Fmoc, tBu, All, pNZ, ivDde) were explored. The influence of the side‐chain protection of Lys2 and Lys5 with the ivDde and pNZ groups was evaluated by incorporating Lys2(ivDde)/Lys5(pNZ) or Lys2(pNZ)/Lys5(ivDde). The order of removal of these protecting groups and of the introduction of the hexanoyl and triazolyl moieties was also studied. The best strategy included: (i) synthesis of a cyclic peptidyl resin bearing Lys2(ivDde) and Lys5(pNZ); (ii) pNZ group removal; (iii) acylation with hexanoic acid; (iv) ivDde group removal; and (v) acylation with propiolic acid followed by an azide–alkyne 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition. By using this protocol, a set of cyclic lipopeptidotriazoles was prepared in high purities.
The inner speech of behavioral regulation: Intentions and task performance strengthen when you talk to yourself as a You
Authors: Dolcos Sanda , Albarracin Dolores 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPeople often talk to themselves using the first‐person pronoun (I), but they also talk to themselves as if they are speaking to someone else, using the second‐person pronoun (You). Yet, the relative behavioral control achieved by I and You self‐talk remains unknown. The current research was designed to examine the potential behavioral advantage of using You in self‐talk and the role of attitudes in this process. Three experiments compared the effects of I and You self‐talk on problem solving performance and behavioral intentions. Experiment 1 revealed that giving self‐advice about a hypothetical social situation using You yielded better anagram task performance than using I. Experiment 2 showed that using You self‐talk in preparation for an anagram task enhanced anagram performance and intentions to work on anagrams more than I self‐talk, and that these effects were mediated by participants' attitudes toward the task. Experiment 3 extended these findings to exercise intentions and highlighted the role of attitudes in this effect. Altogether, the current research showed that second‐person self‐talk strengthens both actual behavior performance and prospective behavioral intentions more than first‐person self‐talk. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of acetabular cup design on metal ion release in two designs of metal‐on‐metal hip resurfacing
Authors: Cadossi Matteo , Tedesco Giuseppe , Savarino Lucia , Baldini Nicola , Mazzotti Antonio , Greco Michelina , Giannini Sandro 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe purpose of this observational prospective cohort study was to evaluate the serum concentrations of cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni) at a 2‐year follow‐up in patients operated on with a novel design of hip resurfacing: Romax resurfacing system (RRS). RRS is characterized by the presence of an acetabular notch which theoretically provides a wider range of motion and a reduced incidence of groin pain. The presence of radiolucencies and functional outcome, assessed using the Harris hip score (HHS) and the University of California Activity scale (UCLA), were secondary endpoints. Moreover, these results were compared with those obtained in our previous study from a similar cohort of patients implanted using the Birmingham Hip Resurfacing (BHR) system. At a 2‐year follow‐up, the serum levels of Co in patients operated on using the RRS were five times higher (p = 0.0002) than those found before surgery (Co, means: 1.04 and 0.20 ng/mL, respectively); similarly, Cr levels were 13 times higher (p < 0.0001) at a 2‐year follow‐up than before surgery (Cr, means: 1.69 and 0.13 ng/mL, respectively). Ni concentrations (0.42 and 0.78 ng/mL) were not significantly different (p = 0.16), even if they increased 86% after surgery. In the RRS patients, an inverse correlation was found between Co and Cr concentrations and length of follow‐up (Co: r = −0.64, p = 0.0096; Cr: r= −0.45, p = 0.08). The serum levels of Co and Cr were not significantly different between RRS (Co: 1.04 ng/mL and Cr: 1.69 ng/mL) and BHR (Co: 1.39 ng/mL and Cr: 2.30 ng/mL) patients at 2 years (p = 0.95 and 0.26 for Co and Cr, respectively). Our results showed that RRS patients achieved an excellent clinical outcome with limited metal ion release. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 1595–1601, 2014.
Association Between Global Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Hip Fracture in Postmenopausal Women: A Prospective Study
Authors: Yang Shuman , Feskanich Diane , Willett Walter C , Eliassen A Heather , Wu Tianying 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

Human studies suggest that oxidative stress is a risk factor for osteoporosis, but its relationship with fracture risk is poorly understood. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between biomarkers of oxidative stress and hip fracture in postmenopausal women. We conducted a prospective study in the Nurses' Health Study among 996 women aged 60 years or older at baseline blood collection in 1989–1990. Plasma fluorescent oxidation products (FlOPs) were measured at three excitation/emission wavelengths (360/420 nm named as FlOP_360; 320/420 nm named as FlOP_320; and 400/475 nm named as FlOP_400). FlOPs are generated from many different pathways (lipid, protein, and DNA) and reflect a global oxidation burden. FlOP assay is 10–100 times more sensitive than measurement of malondialdehyde. We used Cox proportional hazards regression model to investigate the association between baseline plasma FlOPs and the risk of hip fracture, adjusting for multiple hip fracture risk factors such as age, history of osteoporosis, history of hypertension, prior fracture, and smoking status. Forty-four hip fractures (4.4%) were identified during the follow-up (maximum = 23 years). In the multivariable model, the hazard ratios (HRs) of hip fracture in the second and third tertiles of FlOP_320 were 2.11 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.88–5.10) and 2.67 (95% CI = 1.14–6.27), respectively, in comparison with the lowest tertile, and the risk increased linearly with increasing FlOP_320 (p for trend = 0.021). Neither FlOP_360 nor FlOP_400 was significantly associated with risk of hip fracture (tertile 3 versus tertile 1: HR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.32–1.54, p for trend = 0.386 for FlOP_360; and HR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.40–1.96, p for trend = 0.900 for FlOP_400). In this prospective study, higher plasma FlOP_320 was an independent risk factor for hip fracture. Our results need further confirmation. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Ghrelin Augments the Expressions and Secretions of Proinflammatory Adipokines, VEGF120 and MCP‐1, in Differentiated 3T3‐L1 Adipocytes
Authors: Kitahara Atsuko , Takahashi Kazuto , Moriya Rie , Onuma Hirohisa , Handa Keiko , Sumitani Yoshikazu , Tanaka Toshiaki , Katsuta Hidenori , Nishida Susumu , Sakurai Takuya , Inukai Kouichi , Ohno Hideki , Ishida Hitoshi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractGhrelin is a physiological‐active peptide with growth hormone‐releasing activity, orexigenic activity, etc. In addition, the recent study has also suggested that ghrelin possesses the pathophysiological abilities related with type 2 diabetes. However, the ghrelin‐direct‐effects implicated in type 2 diabetes on peripheral tissues have been still unclear, whereas its actions on the central nervous system (CNS) appear to induce the development of diabetes. Thus, to assess its peripheral effects correlated with diabetes, we investigated the regulatory mechanisms about adipokines, which play a central role in inducing peripheral insulin resistance, secreted from mature 3T3‐L1 adipocytes stimulated with ghrelin in vitro .The stimulation with 50 nmol/L ghrelin for 24 h resulted in the significant 1.9‐fold increase on vascular endothelial growth factor‐120 (VEGF120) releases (p < 0.01) and the 1.7‐fold on monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) (p < 0.01) from 3T3‐L1 adipocytes, respectively, while ghrelin failed to enhance tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), IL‐6, IL‐10 and adiponectin secretions. In addition, Akt phosphorylation on Ser473 and c‐Jun NH2‐terminal protein kinase (JNK) phosphorylation on Thr183/Tyr185 were markedly enhanced 1.4‐fold (p < 0.01) and 1.6‐fold (p < 0.01) in the ghrelin‐stimulated adipocytes, respectively. Furthermore, the treatment with LY294002 (50 μmol/L) and Wortmannin (10nmol/L), inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K), significantly decreased the amplified VEGF120 secretion by 29% (p < 0.01) and 28% (p < 0.01) relative to the cells stimulated by ghrelin alone, respectively, whereas these inhibitors had no effects on increased MCP‐1 release. On the other hand, JNK inhibitor SP600125 (10 μmol/L) clearly reduced the increased MCP‐1, but not VEGF120, release by 35% relative to the only ghrelin‐stimulated cells (p < 0.01).In conclusion, ghrelin can enhance the secretions of proinflammatory adipokines, VEGF120 and MCP‐1, but fails to affect IL‐10 and adiponectin which are considered to be anti‐inflammatory adipokines. Moreover, this augmented VEGF120 release is invited through the activation of PI3K pathways and the MCP‐1 is through JNK pathways. Consequently, our results strongly suggest that ghrelin can induce the development of diabetes via its direct‐action in peripheral tissues as well as via in CNS. J. Cell. Physiol. 230: 199–209, 2015. © 2014 The Authors. Journal of Cellular Physiology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dim light at night interferes with the development of the short‐day phenotype and impairs cell‐mediated immunity in Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus)
Authors: Aubrecht Taryn G. , Weil Zachary M. , Nelson Randy J. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTWinter is a challenging time to survive and breed outside of the tropics. Animals use day length (photoperiod) to regulate seasonally appropriate adaptations in anticipation of challenging winter conditions. The net result of these photoperiod‐mediated adjustments is enhanced immune function and increased survival. Thus, the ability to discriminate day length information is critical for survival and reproduction in small animals. However, during the past century, urban and suburban development has rapidly expanded and filled the night sky with light from various sources, obscuring crucial light‐dark signals, which alters physiological interpretation of day lengths. Furthermore, reduced space, increased proximity to people, and the presence of light at night may act as stressors for small animals. Whereas acute stressors typically enhance immune responses, chronic exposure to stressors often impairs immune responses. Therefore, we hypothesized that the combination of dim light at night and chronic stress interferes with enhanced cell‐mediated immunity observed during short days. Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) were assigned to short or long days with dark nights (0 lux) or dim (5 lux) light at night for 10 weeks. Following 2 weeks of chronic restraint (6 hr/day), a model of chronic stress, delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses were assessed. Both dim light at night and restraint reduced the DTH response. Dim light at night during long nights produced an intermediate short day phenotype. These results suggest the constant presence of light at night could negatively affect survival of photoperiodic rodents by disrupting the timing of breeding and immune responses. J. Exp. Zool. 321A: 450–456, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of acute ozone stress on reproductive traits of tomato, fruit yield and fruit composition
Authors: Thwe Aye Aye , Vercambre Gilles , Gautier Hélène , Gay Frédéric , Phattaralerphong Jessada , Kasemsap Poonpipope 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDTomato is sensitive to ozone. Fruit growth and composition are altered under ozone stress by modification of reproductive development. Fifty‐one‐day‐old plants were exposed to three concentrations of ozone (200, 350 and 500 µg m−3) for 4 h.RESULTSOzone reduced well‐developed fruit number and fruit size, but it did not significantly affect flowering rate and fruit setting rate. The effect of ozone depends on organ developmental stage at the time of ozone application, as flowers and young fruits at the time of ozone exposure were more affected. Contents of total soluble sugars (total SS), total organic acids (total OA) and ascorbic acid (AsA) increased in fruits harvested from ozone‐treated plants. Tomato fruit composition was altered under ozone stress, leading to a lower sugar:acid ratio. These changes were mostly due to increased contents of malic acid, ascorbate and glucose despite a decrease in sucrose.CONCLUSIONAcute ozone exposure up to 500 µg m−3 greatly influences tomato fruit quality. As final fruit yield was not significantly reduced, it highlighted that there may be compensatory mechanisms present in the reproductive structures of tomato. Further research would be necessary to determine how reproductive traits are affected by repeated ozone exposure or longer‐term exposure. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Outcomes in non‐metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Smith J. Joshua , Weiser Martin R. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe measurement of outcomes in non‐metastatic colon and rectal cancer patients is a multi‐dimensional endeavor involving prediction tools, standard of care, and best treatment guidelines. Socioeconomic, demographic, and racial impacts on outcome must be carefully considered. Consideration must also be given to measures of cost, quality, and healthcare delivery in response to initiatives meant to optimize patient health while maintaining quality of life. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 110:518–526. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determination of organophosphorus pesticides by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry using a large‐volume injection technique after magnetic extraction
Authors: Nedaei Maryam , Salehpour Ali‐Reza , Mozaffari Shahla , Yousefi Seyedeh Mahboobeh , Yousefi Seyed Reza 
Published: June 2014

A fast and efficient method was developed for the extraction and determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water samples. Organophosphorus pesticides were extracted by solid‐phase extraction using magnetic multi‐walled carbon nanotubes and determined by gas chromatography with ion‐trap mass spectrometry. Parameters affecting the extraction were investigated. Under optimum conditions of the method, 10 mg magnetic multi‐walled carbon nanotubes were added into 10 mL sample. After 2 min, adsorbent particles settled at the bottom of test tube with a magnet. After removing aqueous supernatant, the analytes were desorbed with acetonitrile. Then, 70 μL of acetonitrile phase was injected into the gas chromatography and mass spectrometry system that had an ion‐trap analyzer. To achieve high sensitivity, the large‐volume‐injection technique was used with a programmed temperature vaporization inlet, and the ion‐trap mass spectrometer was operated in single ion storage mode. Under the best conditions, the enrichment factors and extraction recoveries were in the range of 113–124 and 74–103%, respectively. The limits of detection were between 3 and 15 ng/L, and the relative standard deviations were < 10%. This method was successfully used for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in dam water, lagoon water, and river water samples with good reproducibility and recovery.
Intracavity phase interferometry: frequency combs sensor inside a laser cavity
Authors: Arissian Ladan , Diels Jean‐Claude 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn traditional interferometric measurements, a physical quantity that changes the phase of a resonator is monitored through a change of its transmission. Interferometry inside a laser exploits the ultimate Q‐factor of that resonator, and converts the phase to be measured into a frequency. A mode‐locked laser with two intracavity pulses emits two frequency combs of the same repetition rate. The quantity to be measured (a sub‐nano displacement, a nonlinear index, an acceleration or rotation, a magnetic or electric field) produces a minute phase change ( rad) in one of the two intracavity pulses, which is converted into a frequency, measured by beating the two pulse trains emitted by the laser. This paper presents methods of operating mode‐locked lasers in which two independent pulses circulate, producing two frequency combs of the same repetition rate. Various examples of physical quantities that can be measured through this technique are presented.
Sequence‐Regulated Linear Polymers with Ion‐Sensing Charge‐Transfer Chromophores by the Multiple Click Approach
Authors: Washino Yusuke , Michinobu Tsuyoshi 
Published: June 2014

The multiple click approach is applied to the synthesis of sequence‐regulated linear polymers. The combination and reaction order of the click chemistry reactions are comprehensively investigated with particular focus on the emerging click chemistry reaction of alkyne–acceptor additions. When the copper‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) is combined, no noticeable side reactions occur in both click chemistry reactions. In contrast, alkyne–acceptor addition does not selectively occur in the presence of anthracene units, which are the functional groups for the Diels–Alder cycloaddition. Accordingly, the reaction orders are carefully considered, and double click protocols for achieving high molecular weight and sequence‐regulated linear polymers are successfully established. Since the resulting polymers possess donor–acceptor chromophores formed through the alkyne–acceptor addition, they show a colorimetric chemosensor behavior towards the Ag+ ion.
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