bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women in Australia: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chamberlain Catherine , Joshy Grace , Li Hang , Oats Jeremy , Eades Sandra , Banks Emily 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIntroductionGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an important and increasing health problem. This study aims to investigate and explain the marked variation in reported GDM prevalence among Australian Indigenous women.Materials and methodsWe searched five databases to August 2013 for studies of GDM prevalence; two people independently assessed search results, extracted data, and appraised risk of bias. Meta‐analysis was conducted, and between‐study heterogeneity examined using subgroup analyses. Within‐study findings were synthesized narratively.ResultsThe pooled GDM prevalence from 23 of the 25 total studies (5.74%, 4.78–6.71) was similar to that reported in national studies, but heterogeneity was substantial (I2 = 97%), making conclusions from between‐study comparisons difficult. The greatest reductions in heterogeneity were seen within subgroups using localized diagnostic criteria (I2 = 43%, 3 studies), universal screening (I2 = 58%) and some jurisdictions, probably reflecting proxy measures of increased consistency in diagnostic and screening methods. Insufficient data were available to assess the effect of factors such as rurality, diagnostic criteria, study design and data sources on prevalence. Synthesis of within‐study findings showed: higher age‐adjusted prevalences of GDM in Indigenous versus non‐Indigenous women; Indigenous women have greater increases in prevalence with maternal age; and non‐Indigenous women appear to have a steeper increase in GDM prevalence over time. Prevalence increased almost fourfold in two studies following introduction of universal screening when compared with selective risk‐based screening, although numbers were small.Discussion/conclusionsThe published GDM prevalence among Indigenous women varies markedly, probably due to variation in diagnostic and screening practices. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhancement of Extreme Ultraviolet Emission Intensity from a Laser‐Produced Plasma Using an Alloy Target
Authors: Kaku Masanori , Matsuura Yuta , Kubodera Shoichi 
Published: June 2014

SUMMARYWe observed that the emission intensity in the extreme and vacuum ultraviolet spectral regions using a laser‐produced copper–tungsten alloy plasma was 1.3 times higher than when using a pure tungsten plasma. The enhancement of the emission intensity was explained by the difference of the Rosseland mean opacity of each plasma.
Robust Face Detection Using One‐Class Estimation and Real AdaBoost
Authors: Miwa Shotaro , Hirai Takashi , Sumi Kazuhiko 
Published: June 2014

SUMMARYWe propose a robust face detection algorithm using one‐class estimation and Real AdaBoost. Inspired by the first practical face detection algorithm by Viola and Jones, many varieties of face detection algorithms have been proposed. The common feature of their algorithm is a cascaded structure of combined Haar‐like features trained by a boosting algorithm. Of course this framework has achieved a successful result of high detection rate and low false positive rate in a short time and has been applied to many imaging products. But because the nonface class includes multiple subclasses and their variations are too many to be collected and covered in training data, unexpected false positives inevitably happen in the real world data. That is a problem of self‐printing systems for digital cameras, because they need to handle all kinds of pictures in the real world. Furthermore, because they use detected face regions for image enhancement before printing, to suppress false positives is a big issue of self‐printing systems. To solve the problem of false positives in the real world, we model a nonface class using one‐class estimation of faces, and developed a new face detection algorithm combining one‐class estimation and a cascaded face detection by Real AdaBoost. As a result of the experiment using pictures of digital cameras, we achieved face detection about twice as fast with eight times lower false positives than a conventional cascaded face detector, and also more precise face size detection.
Fluid pressure responses for a Devil's Slide‐like system: problem formulation and simulation
Authors: Thomas Matthew A. , Loague Keith , Voss Clifford I. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis study employs a hydrogeologic simulation approach to investigate subsurface fluid pressures for a landslide‐prone section of the central California, USA, coast known as Devil's Slide. Understanding the relative changes in subsurface fluid pressures is important for systems, such as Devil's Slide, where slope creep can be interrupted by episodic slip events. Surface mapping, exploratory core, tunnel excavation records, and dip meter data were leveraged to conceptualize the parameter space for three‐dimensional (3D) Devil's Slide‐like simulations. Field observations (i.e. seepage meter, water retention, and infiltration experiments; well records; and piezometric data) and groundwater flow simulation (i.e. one‐dimensional vertical, transient, and variably saturated) were used to design the boundary conditions for 3D Devil's Slide‐like problems. Twenty‐four simulations of steady‐state saturated subsurface flow were conducted in a concept‐development mode. Recharge, heterogeneity, and anisotropy are shown to increase fluid pressures for failure‐prone locations by up to 18.1, 4.5, and 1.8% respectively. Previous estimates of slope stability, driven by simple water balances, are significantly improved upon with the fluid pressures reported here. The results, for a Devil's Slide‐like system, provide a foundation for future investigations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vivo evaluation of bone deposition in macroporous titanium implants loaded with mesenchymal stem cells and strontium‐enriched hydrogel
Authors: Lovati Arianna B. , Lopa Silvia , Talò Giuseppe , Previdi Sara , Recordati Camilla , Mercuri David , Segatti Francesco , Zagra Luigi , Moretti Matteo 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBone–implant integration represents a major requirement to grant implant stability and reduce the risk of implant loosening. This study investigates the effect of progenitor cells and strontium‐enriched hydrogel on the osseointegration of titanium implants. To mimic implant–bone interaction, an ectopic model was developed grafting Trabecular Titanium™ (TT) implants into decellularized bone seeded with human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). TT was loaded or not with strontium‐enriched amidated carboxymethylcellulose (CMCA) hydrogel and/or hBMSCs. Constructs were implanted subcutaneously in athymic mice and osteodeposition was investigated with microcomputed tomography (micro‐CT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and pull‐out test at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Fluorescence imaging was performed at 8 and 12 weeks, histology at 4 and 8 weeks. Micro‐CT demonstrated the homogeneity of the engineered bone in all groups, supporting the reproducibility of the ectopic model. Fluorescence imaging, histology, SEM and pull‐out mechanical testing showed superior tissue ingrowth in TT implants loaded with both strontium‐enriched CMCA and hBMSCs. In our model, the synergic action of the bioactive hydrogel and hBMSCs increased both the bone deposition and TT integration. Thus, we suggest that using orthopedic prosthetic implant preloaded with strontium‐enriched CMCA and seeded with BMSCs could represent a valid single‐step surgical strategy to improve implant osseointegration. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 448–456, 2015.
Permethrin Alters Adipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 Adipocytes and Causes Insulin Resistance in C2C12 Myotubes
Authors: Kim Jonggun , Park Yooheon , Yoon Kyong Sup , Clark J. Marshall , Park Yeonhwa 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTPyrethroids are a class of insecticides structurally derived from the naturally occurring insecticides called pyrethrins. Along with emerging evidence that exposure to insecticides is linked to altered weight gain and glucose homeostasis, exposure to pyrethroids has been linked to altered blood glucose levels in humans. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the role of permethrin on lipid and glucose metabolisms. Permethrin was treated to 3T3‐L1 adipocytes and C2C12 myoblasts to determine its role in lipid and glucose metabolisms, respectively. Permethrin treatment resulted in increased expression of key markers of adipogenesis and lipogenesis in adipocytes. Permethrin significantly reduced insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake in myotubes. This is the first report on the role of permethrin in altered lipid metabolism in adipocytes and impaired glucose homeostasis in myotubes. These results may help elucidate fundamental underlying mechanisms between insecticide exposure, particularly permethrin, and potential risk of developing obesity and its comorbidities.
An automated technique for carotid far wall classification using grayscale features and wall thickness variability
Authors: Acharya U. Rajendra , Sree S. Vinitha , Molinari Filippo , Saba Luca , Nicolaides Andrew , Suri Jasjit S. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTPurposeTo test a computer‐aided diagnostic method for differentiating symptomatic from asymptomatic carotid B‐mode ultrasonographic images.MethodsOur system (called Atheromatic) automatically computed the intima‐media thickness (IMT) of the carotid far wall using AtheroEdge, calculated nonlinear features based on higher order spectra, and used these features and IMT and IMT variability (IMTVpoly) to associate each image to a feature vector that was then labeled as symptomatic or asymptomatic (Sym/Asym) by a multiclassifiers system. We tested this method on a database of 118 carotid artery images from 37 symptomatic and 22 asymptomatic patientsResultsThe highest accuracy (99.1%) was obtained by the support vector machine classifier using seven features. These features, relevant to discriminate Sym/Asym, included IMT and IMTVpoly, along with the bispectral entropies of the distal wall image at 77°, 78°, and 79° angles.ConclusionsClassification in Sym/Asym of the far carotid wall is feasible and accurate and could be useful for the early detection of atherosclerosis and to identify patients with higher cardiovascular risk. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 43:302–311, 2015
Screening for novel risk factors related to peripherally inserted central catheter‐associated complications
Authors: Moran Jennifer , Colbert Colleen Y. , Song Juhee , Mathews Jane , Arroliga Alejandro C. , Varghees Sunita , Hull Joshua , Reddy Santosh 
Published: June 2014

BACKGROUNDPeripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are increasingly utilized. Patient and system factors that increase risk of complications should be identified to avoid preventable patient harm.METHODSA case control analysis of adult inpatients who underwent PICC placement from January 2009 to January 2010 at Scott & White Memorial Hospital was conducted to determine the incidence and risk factors for complications. One hundred seventy cases of inpatients who experienced PICC‐related complications were identified. Age‐ and gender‐matched controls were randomly selected among patients who underwent PICC placement without documented complications during this time.RESULTSA total of 1444 PICCs were placed, with a complication rate of 11.77% (95% confidence interval: 10.11%‐13.44%). Complications included catheter‐associated thrombosis (3%), mechanical complications (4%), catheter‐associated bloodstream infections (2%), and cellulitis (1%). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, malnutrition and after‐hours placement were significantly associated with increased risk of complications, as was body mass index (BMI) >30 after adjusting for anticoagulation and time of placement. In a secondary multivariable logistic regression analysis, after‐hours placement and malnutrition were significantly associated with increased risk of nonmechanical complications. Additionally, in conditional univariate analyses, length of stay, malnutrition, and after‐hours placement were associated with increased risk of catheter‐associated thrombosis. In our multivariable logistic regression analyses, use of anticoagulation/antiplatelet agents was associated with decreased risk of all‐cause complications, nonmechanical complications, and catheter‐associated thrombosis.CONCLUSIONSScreening of patients undergoing PICC placement with attention to malnutrition, BMI >30, and length of stay may reduce the risk of PICC‐associated complications. Use of anticoagulation/antiplatelet agents and avoiding after‐hours placement may reduce complications and enhance patient safety. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2014;9:481–489. © 2014 Society of Hospital Medicine
A paediatric X‐ray exposure chart
Authors: Knight Stephen P. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe aim of this review was to develop a radiographic optimisation strategy to make use of digital radiography (DR) and needle phosphor computerised radiography (CR) detectors, in order to lower radiation dose and improve image quality for paediatrics. This review was based on evidence‐based practice, of which a component was a review of the relevant literature. The resulting exposure chart was developed with two distinct groups of exposure optimisation strategies – body exposures (for head, trunk, humerus, femur) and distal extremity exposures (elbow to finger, knee to toe). Exposure variables manipulated included kilovoltage peak (kVp), target detector exposure and milli‐ampere‐seconds (mAs), automatic exposure control (AEC), additional beam filtration, and use of antiscatter grid. Mean dose area product (DAP) reductions of up to 83% for anterior–posterior (AP)/posterior–anterior (PA) abdomen projections were recorded postoptimisation due to manipulation of multiple‐exposure variables. For body exposures, the target EI and detector exposure, and thus the required mAs were typically 20% less postoptimisation. Image quality for some distal extremity exposures was improved by lowering kVp and increasing mAs around constant entrance skin dose. It is recommended that purchasing digital X‐ray equipment with high detective quantum efficiency detectors, and then optimising the exposure chart for use with these detectors is of high importance for sites performing paediatric imaging. Multiple‐exposure variables may need to be manipulated to achieve optimal outcomes.
Forearm soft tissue sarcoma: Tumors characteristics and oncologic outcomes following limb salvage surgery
Authors: Baroudi Maher R. , Ferguson Peter C. , Wunder Jay S. , Isler Marc H. , Mottard Sophie , Werier Joel A. , Turcotte Robert E. 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundComplex anatomy of the forearm may impact on local control and survivals of soft tissue sarcoma. Little is known about characteristics and oncologic outcomes following surgical treatment.MethodsDemographic and tumor data of 117 patients with forearm soft tissue sarcoma were collected and analyzed. Following limb salvage, survivals, and prognostic factors were studied.ResultsSeventy‐three patients were males (62%) and 53 (45%) were referred after unplanned excision. Pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma was most frequent (45%). The average tumor size was 5.1 cm and grade III histology was mostly identified (53%). With radiotherapy, local recurrence occurs in 8 patients (7%) and 30 patients (24%) developed metastasis. Overall survival, disease free survival, local recurrence free survival, and metastasis free survival were 83%, 74%, 93%, and 74%, respectively. Better survival was found for grade I (80% vs. 60%) and small size (<5 cm) (72% vs. 47%). Large size tumor, extra‐compartmental site, extramuscular, and virgin tumor were positive predictors of metastasis.ConclusionSoft tissue sarcomas of the forearm are often referred after unplanned excision. Limb salvage was achieved for most and local recurrence remained low in context of radiotherapy. Metastatic progression remained frequent. Low grade and small size were predictors of survival. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 110:676–681. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Contemporary genetic structure of the northern bobwhite west of the Mississippi River
Authors: Williford Damon , Deyoung Randy W. , Honeycutt Rodney L. , Brennan Leonard A. , Hernández Fidel , Wehland Erin M. , Sands Joseph P. , Demaso Stephen J. , Miller Katherine S. , Perez Robert M. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTWe used mitochondrial DNA to study the population structure and genetic diversity of the northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) west of the Mississippi River. We observed a lack of phylogeographic structure, high haplotype diversity, and low nucleotide diversity for northern bobwhites in this part of their geographic range. Despite the discordance between geographic patterns of mtDNA diversity and subspecies designations, we detected significant genetic differentiation among 4 subspecies, the plains (C. v. taylori), eastern (C. v. virginianus), Texas (C. v. texanus), and masked (C. v. ridgwayi) bobwhites. Evidence of significant isolation by distance and a latitudinal gradient with regard to the geographic distribution of haplotypes was also apparent. Neutrality tests, Bayesian skyline plots, and test of spatial expansion provided evidence of demographic and range expansion following the end of the last Pleistocene glaciation. Lack of phylogeographic structure indicates that morphological differences that are the basis of subspecies designations are of recent origin. Ecoregions may provide a better basis for management units than subspecies taxonomy for northern bobwhites in the western part of their geographic range. Our results indicate that much of the northern bobwhite's geographic range in the United States is the result of relatively recent colonization, which was a response to climate and habitat changes at the close of the Pleistocene. The northern bobwhite may be as vulnerable to fluctuations in climate as it has been to habitat and landscape changes during the past century. © 2014 The Wildlife Society.
Emotional Ability and Nonverbal Communication
Authors: Kidwell Blair , Hasford Jonathan 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTThe authors review and extend the literature on emotional ability as it impacts nonverbal communication from the perspective of potential customers and depending on sales influence techniques. They discuss four dimensions of emotional ability and highlight emotional ability's impact on four aspects of face‐to‐face interactions—consumer characteristics, salesperson characteristics, the convergence of buyer/seller emotional abilities, and environmental characteristics. They suggest areas for future research to help consumers, marketers, and health care professionals better understand how emotional ability impacts nonverbal communication, and to enhance the quality of interactions.
Shopping under the Influence: Nonverbal Appearance‐Based Communicator Cues Affect Consumer Judgments
Authors: Bashir Nadia Y. , Rule Nicholas O. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTResearchers have conducted much work to examine the influence of advertising, branding, product appearance, and store layout on consumer judgments in retail contexts. Very limited research, in comparison, has assessed the impact of nonverbal employee cues on retail communication. The present work therefore examined the influence of nonverbal, dominance‐related communicator cues on perceivers’ judgments of information delivered by the communicator. Specifically, this research assessed the impact of communicator clothing color (Studies 1a–1c) and facial width‐to‐height ratio (Study 2) on perceived information accuracy. Perceivers judged the information presented by the communicator to be more accurate when the communicator (a) was wearing red rather than white or blue, or (b) possessed a high versus low facial width‐to‐height ratio. Thus, although explicit information in the retail environment undoubtedly affects consumers’ judgments, they may also be influenced by more subtle cues.
A new marker set that identifies fetal cells in maternal circulation with high specificity
Authors: Hatt Lotte , Brinch Marie , Singh Ripudaman , Møller Kristine , Lauridsen Rune Hoff , Schlütter Jacob Mørup , Uldbjerg Niels , Christensen Britta , Kølvraa Steen 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveFetal cells from the maternal circulation (FCMBs) have the potential to replace cells from amniotic fluid or chorionic villi in a diagnosis of common chromosomal aneuploidies. Good markers for enrichment and identification are lacking.MethodBlood samples from 78 normal pregnancies were used for testing the marker‐set CD105 and CD141 for fetal cell enrichment. Fetal cell candidates were subsequently stained by a cocktail of cytokeratin antibodies, and the gender of the fetal cells was explored by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of the X and Y chromosomes.ResultsFetal cell candidates could be detected in 91% of the samples, and in 85% of the samples, it was possible to obtain X and Y chromosomal FISH results for gender determination. The concordance between gender determined by FISH on fetal cells in maternal blood and gender found at birth reached 100% if three or more fetal cells with FISH signals could be found in a sample.ConclusionThe marker set identifies fetal cells with specificity high enough to make cell‐based noninvasive prenatal diagnosis realistic. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A connectivity resilient dynamic multi‐channel assignment method for VANET
Authors: Zhao Tong , Lu Shanbo , Yan Wei , Li Xiaoming 
Published: June 2014

AbstractMulti‐interface multi‐channel can be used to reduce the channel interference and improve the network capacity for multi‐hop wireless ad‐hoc networks, but using multi‐channel will impact the network connectivity, which is an important quality of service factor in VANET. The basic multi‐channel assignment scheme in our paper keeps the network connectivity resilient to the mobility. On the basis of this method, we design a dynamic channel assignment algorithm that can dynamically switch the channels to the less busy ones by monitoring the channel usages. In order to survive the highly mobile scenarios in VANET, the algorithm is designed in a fully distributed way with low overhead. Simulations show that our method can notably improve the throughput of VANETs. And the performance keeps steady with various network configurations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design and implementation of a malware detection system based on network behavior
Authors: Xue L. , Sun G. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWith the increasing of new malicious software attacks, the host‐based malware detection methods cannot always detect the latest unknown malware. Intrusion detection system does not focus on malware detection, whereas the behavior‐based detection methods still have some difficulties in being deployed in the network layer. This paper presents a malware detection method based on network behavior evidence chains. The proposed new method will detect the specific network behavior characteristics on three different stages as connection establishment, operating control, and connection maintenance. Then a final detection decision will be concluded according to the results detected in the different stages before. A system prototype is implemented to proof concept the proposed malware detection methods. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.