bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of adaptive muscle synergy modulated motor responses to grasping perturbations
Authors: Jakubowitz Eike , Schmidt Leonard , Obermeier Alina , Spindeldreier Svenja , Windhagen Henning , Hurschler Christof 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigated how muscle synergies adapt in response to unexpected changes in object weight during lifting tasks. The aim was to discover which motor control strategies individuals use to maintain their grasping performance. Muscle synergies were extracted from the muscle activity of fifteen healthy participants who lifted objects of identical appearance but varying weights in a randomized order, which introduced artificial perturbations. Reaching and manipulation phases of object lifting were analyzed using constrained non-negative matrix factorization and k-means clustering. Participants exhibited a perturbation-independent and thus consistent recruitment of spatial synergy components, while significant adaptations in muscle synergy activation occurred in response to unexpected perturbations. Perturbations caused by unexpectedly heavy objects led to delayed and gradual increases in muscle synergy activation until the force required to lift the object was reached. In contrast, perturbations caused by lighter objects led to reductions in excess muscle synergy activation occurring later. Sensorimotor control maintains the modularity of muscle synergies. Even when external mechanical perturbations occur, the grasping performance is preserved, and control is adapted solely through muscle synergy activation. These results suggest that using pure spatial synergy components as control signals for myoelectric arm prostheses may prevent them from malfunctioning due to external perturbations.
A review of the impacts of Business Improvement Districts on crime and disorder
Authors: Moir Emily , Cairns Natalee , Prenzler Tim , Rayment-McHugh Susan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBusiness Improvement Districts (BIDs) are an initiative adopted by some local governments, businesses, and residents to address concerns around crime and disorder in commercial areas, especially open street town centres. BIDs have become popular in the USA since the 1970s; however, no comprehensive review of evaluations has occurred to date. This paper systematically reviewed the academic literature to find 13 BID evaluations. These studies were examined in terms of their impacts on crime and disorder, displacement, and cost-effectiveness. Of the nine studies that quantitatively examined BID impacts on crime rates, eight (88%) found a reduction in one or more crime types. Six studies explored BID impacts on property crime, with all finding BIDs had a significant negative association with at least one type of property crime, with BIDs particularly effective at targeting vehicle-related offences. BIDs were also found to have a positive impact on reducing disorder and public nuisance type offences, however, had mixed evidence on violent crime, with three out of seven studies on violent crime finding BIDs can help to prevent robbery. Displacement of crime to surrounding areas was found to be rare, and the three studies that examined costs of operating BIDs all concluded they are cost-effective. The challenges of implementing BIDs are discussed, along with the implications for ongoing policy and practice development in the reduction of crime and disorder in commercial areas.
Rotational dynamics of CNCN by p-H2 and o-H2 collision at interstellar temperatures
Authors: Kushwaha Apoorv , Chahal Pooja , Dhilip Kumar T. J. 
Published: August 2024

The rotational dynamics of isocyanogen (CNCN) is studied for its collision with para (p-) and ortho (o-) hydrogen (H2) in the temperature range of 1–100 K. These temperatures correspond to the cold dense molecular clouds in the interstellar medium where molecular hydrogen is the primary collider. An ab initio 4D potential energy surface (PES) is constructed keeping the two molecules under rigid rotor approximation. The PES is generated using the CCSD(T)-F12b/AVTZ level of theory. The 4D PES is further fitted into a neural network (NN) model, which can augment the surface and account for missing data points within spectroscopic accuracy. This NN-fitted PES is then expanded over a bispherical harmonics function to get radial terms, which are expressed into analytic functions. Thereafter, the cross sections (σ) are computed for rotational transitions of CNCN (j → j′) using the close-coupling and centrifugal sudden methods for both p-H2 (jc = 0) and o-H2 (jc = 1) collision till 194 cm−1. In addition, p-H2 (jc = 0, 2) cross sections are also computed using the centrifugal sudden approximation method. The collisional rates are achieved by taking the Boltzmann distribution of σ over the translational energy of H2 till 100 K. Finally, the CNCN–H2 rates are compared to CNCN–He and NCCN–H2 collisional rates. Comparing even and odd transitions for the CNCN–H2 rates show a propensity toward higher rates for even transitions especially for o-H2 collisions considering low-order transitions.
A diachronic corpus-pragmatic approach to democratization
Authors: Seoane Elena , Loureiro-Porto Lucía 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Democratization is often invoked as an explanatory factor for diachronic linguistic developments. We believe that
at the root of democratization often lies the pragmatic negotiation of power relations, whereby a more democratic use of language
can reduce the distance between addresser and addressee. This article examines the evolution of power relations in the New
York Times editorials from 1860 to 1979 as represented in COHA. After a quantitative analysis of the evolution of
three pragmatic variables that index democratization, the study offers a qualitative analysis with the aim of anchoring them to
the situational context of newspaper editorials, especially regarding the power relations negotiated in this register over time.
This paper also examines the impact of socio-historical events on the evolution of power relations and shows that they are
intimately linked.
Solving the area-length systems in discrete gravity using homotopy continuation
Authors: Asante Seth K , Brysiewicz Taylor 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Area variables are intrinsic to connection formulations of general relativity, in contrast to the fundamental length variables prevalent in metric formulations. Within 4D discrete gravity, particularly based on triangulations, the area-length system establishes a relationship between area variables associated with triangles and the edge length variables. This system is comprised of polynomial equations derived from Heron’s formula, which relates the area of a triangle to its edge lengths. Using tools from numerical algebraic geometry, we study the area-length systems. In particular, we show that given the ten triangular areas of a single 4-simplex, there could be up to 64 compatible sets of edge lengths. Moreover, we show that these 64 solutions do not, in general, admit formulae in terms of the areas by analyzing the Galois group, or monodromy group, of the problem. We show that by introducing additional symmetry constraints, it is possible to obtain such formulae for the edge lengths. We take the first steps toward applying our results within discrete quantum gravity, specifically for effective spin foam models.
Understanding molecular geometric phase effects with exact effective force: case study of a model system
Authors: Li Ye , Wang Zixuan , Li Chen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this work, molecular geometric phase effects are studied using the idea of exact factorization (EF) (Abedi et al 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett.
105 123002) and exact effective force (Li et al 2022 Phys. Rev. Lett.
128 113001). In particular, we performed dynamics simulations for a two-state vibronic coupling model, and interpreted the results in three different perspectives: the Born–Huang expansion, the exact time-dependent potential energy surface (TDPES) and the exact effective force. We find that (i) at particular moment, while the vanishing nuclear density that occurs periodically in space is conventionally attributed to destructive interference of the nuclear wave packet owing to the geometric phase, such phenomenon can be equally well interpreted through the energy perspective, as manifested in the exact TDPES in the EF scheme; (ii) when combined with trajectory-based classical dynamics, the exact effective force obtained through EF qualitatively reproduces the correct nuclear density, while the adiabatic force gives the wrong density, particularly in the interference region. Our results suggest that the exact effective force is a potential starting point for making approximations and improving trajectory-based computational methods towards an accurate description of geometric phase effects.
Dimensional analysis and logarithmic functions
Authors: Bierman Jeffrey , Kincanon Eric 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Students are often confused by units when dealing with a logarithmic function. This is frequently dealt with by stating that the function gives a unitless result. Though correct, it does not address the deeper question of why the logarithm is unitless and how a graphical analysis involving logarithms can lead to unitless results that depend on the original data’s units. This paper explains this by considering the logarithm as a transcendental function and how that relates to the determination of units.
Topological Anderson phases in heat transport
Authors: Gao He , Xu Guoqiang , Zhou Xue , Yang Shuihua , Su Zhongqing , Qiu Cheng-Wei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Topological Anderson phases (TAPs) offer intriguing transitions from ordered to disordered systems in photonics and acoustics. However, achieving these transitions often involves cumbersome structural modifications to introduce disorders in parameters, leading to limitations in flexible tuning of topological properties and real-space control of TAPs. Here, we exploit disordered convective perturbations in a fixed heat transport system. Continuously tunable disorder-topology interactions are enabled in thermal dissipation through irregular convective lattices. In the presence of a weak convective disorder, the trivial diffusive system undergos TAP transition, characterized by the emergence of topologically protected corner modes. Further increasing the strength of convective perturbations, a second phase transition occurs converting from TAP to Anderson phase. Our work elucidates the pivotal role of disorders in topological heat transport and provides a novel recipe for manipulating thermal behaviors in diverse topological platforms.
Larmor power limit for cyclotron radiation of relativistic particles in a waveguide
Authors: Buzinsky N , Taylor R J , Byron W , DeGraw W , Dodson B , Fertl M , García A , Goodson A P , Graner B , Harrington H , Hayen L , Malavasi L , McClain D , Melconian D , Müller P , Novitski E , Oblath N S , Robertson R G H , Rybka G , Savard G , Smith E , Stancil D D , Storm D W , Swanson H E , Tedeschi J R , VanDevender B A , Wietfeldt F E , Young A R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Cyclotron radiation emission spectroscopy (CRES) is a modern technique for high-precision energy spectroscopy, in which the energy of a charged particle in a magnetic field is measured via the frequency of the emitted cyclotron radiation. The He6-CRES collaboration aims to use CRES to probe beyond the standard model physics at the TeV scale by performing high-resolution and low-background beta-decay spectroscopy of

6

He

and

19

Ne

. Having demonstrated the first observation of individual, high-energy (0.1–2.5 MeV) positrons and electrons via their cyclotron radiation, the experiment provides a novel window into the radiation of relativistic charged particles in a waveguide via the time-derivative (slope) of the cyclotron radiation frequency,

d

f

c

/

d

t

. We show that analytic predictions for the total cyclotron radiation power emitted by a charged particle in circular and rectangular waveguides are approximately consistent with the Larmor formula, each scaling with the Lorentz factor of the underlying

e
±

as γ
4. This hypothesis is corroborated with experimental CRES slope data.
Inclusive fluxes of secondary air-shower particles
Authors: Sogarwal Hariom , Shukla Prashant 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The particle showers produced in the atmosphere due to the interactions of primary cosmic
particles require a thorough understanding in the backdrop of searches for rare interactions. In
this work, we made a comprehensive study of air shower simulations using various combinations of
hadronic models and particle transport code of the CORSIKA package. The primary proton and helium
distributions are taken as power law which are scaled to match the measured flux in balloon and
satellite-based experiments at the top of atmosphere. The shower simulation includes production,
transport and decays of secondaries up to the ground level. In this study, we focus on the bulk
of the spectra and particles which is computationally intensive and hence parallel processing of
events is done on computer cluster. We provide a way to normalize the simulation results to be
compared with the ground-based measurements namely, single and multiple muon yields and their
charge ratios as a function of zenith angle and momentum. This provides a basis for comparisons
among the six model combinations used in this study and the differences are outlined. Most of the
hadronic models in CORSIKA produce the bulk ground based measurements fairly well. We use one of
the best model combinations to quantitatively predict the absolute and relative yields of various
particles at ground level as well as their correlations with primaries and with each other. The
leptonic ratios are obtained as a function of energy and zenith angle which are important inputs
for the neutrino oscillation physics.
Effect of carbonation on calcium silicate hydrate
Authors: Bhattacharjee Saurav , Nair Syam 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) phases precipitated during cementitious reactions are responsible for strength gain in lime and cement-stabilized subgrade layers. Exposure of these treated layers to environmental factors can lead to carbonation of CSH phases and can be detrimental to the long-term performance of these materials. The study focuses on understanding the physio-chemical changes incurred in CSH phases during carbonation and developing a methodology to shorten the timescale required for carbonation studies where field carbonation needs to be simulated. Pure CSH phases were synthesized in accordance with Greenberg et al. (1960) and were subjected to varying levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) exposure under controlled conditions. Impact of diffusion of CO2 was identified based on changes in Ca/Si ratio, pH values and morphology variations in the samples. Observations suggest that carbonation of CSH phases in presence of moisture is a multistep process where metastable calcium bicarbonate phases form initially. 30-day exposure to one percent CO2 was observed to mimic 720 days of infield carbonation due to atmospheric exposure whereas five to seven days exposure to three percent CO2 was found to be equivalent to 720 days of atmospheric carbonation incurred by stabilized samples in field.
Performance based evaluation on strengthening of flexible pavement using sbr and rice husk ash as filler material.
Authors: karthik Ch Krishna , Kanta Rao M , Narra Malathi , Srinivas Ch , Mani Kiran P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This research paper explores the performance-based evaluation of flexible pavement reinforcement through the incorporation of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) in bitumen and the utilization of rice husk ash as a filler material. The study aims to assess the impact of these additives onthe mechanical and functional properties of flexible pavements, considering factors such as durability, stability, cracks and rutting resistance. The research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing insights into the effects of SBR-modified bitumen and rice husk ash on the pavement’s response to various load. With the addition of the SBR in bitumen and rice husk ash in aggregate improve the properties like stability, flow value and amount of voids. The findings are expected to aid in the development of sustainable and cost-effective pavement solutions with enhanced mechanical properties and extended service life. The paper concludes with recommendations for the practical implementation of these modifications inpavement construction, emphasizing the potential benefits for long-term performance, environmental sustainability, and cost-effectiveness. This research addresses the current challenges in pavement engineering and offers a valuable contribution to the optimization of flexible pavement materials.
Comprehensive Review on Utilization of Construction Demolished Waste and Crumb Rubber for Sustainable Pavement Construction
Authors: Harinder D. , Srujana M. , Jai Charan Reddy Y. , Akshay Goud D.R. , Sai Priya K. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Several researchers are focusing on the utilization of Construction Demolished Waste (CDW) and Crumb Rubber (CR). They assess CDW’s acoustic, workability, durability, and mechanical properties. Numerous studies are addressing the benefits of using Crumb Rubber in various applications. Research has also shown that various fiber materials can be utilized to boost the strength of concrete. Some examples of typical fiber material are basalt, steel, glass, and polypropylene fibers. But the studies do not address the combination of CDW and CR with other fibers. This article discusses the state-of-the-art in CDW and CR properties with the respective combinations of fiber materials used in pavement engineering. Additionally, the literature review has been completely revised to understand the structural arrangement and material composition of particles for further research in the future.
Analysis of Morphometric Characteristics of Watershed’s by using DEM and QGIS
Authors: Dileep Kumar Reddy B , Jyothirmayee S , Niranjan Reddy B L , Murali D , Sree Mouna T , Priyanka D , Venkata Sai Reddy V 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Watershed management is a prerequisite for achieving sustainability. Insufficient financial and human resources make it impossible to properly execute management and conservation measures across broad watersheds. In order to attain sustainability, watershed management is crucial. Large watersheds provide a challenge because of the lack of funding and human resources necessary to effectively manage and conserve the whole region. The morphometric analysis was used to determine various linear as well as aerial characteristics, including stream length, bifurcation ratio, drainage area, flow length, slope, drainage density, stream frequency, shape factor, and relief ratio. Given the significance of the SRTM-DEM extract from the USGS earth explorer and the QGIS used for the assessment of drainage and the determination of them with respect parameters for the related information at the Badvel Tank (Kadapa district), Venkatachalam Cheruvu (Nellore district), and Kalangi Reservoir (Chittor district), the current study was conducted. The findings of this study can serve as a valuable resource for recommending infrastructure in specific watersheds and aiding local government officials in making informed decisions regarding irrigation and water resources. Additionally, the study demonstrates that hydrological evaluation at the watershed level using SRTM DEM is a more practical and accurate approach compared to other existing techniques.
Parametric and Non-parametric Analysis of Annual Precipitation for Amaravati: A Spatial and Temporal Analysis
Authors: Seenu P Z , Chebrolu Madhu Sudhan , Shradha M , Vidya Sagar G , Harinder D , Jayakumar K V 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Analysis of the trends, homogeneity and stationarity of yearly rainfall series at gauged stations located in and around Amaravati, the research is centered on the new declared capital of Andhra Pradesh, India. Thirty years (1985-2014) of annual precipitation data from 17 gauged stations were available for the study. The study is conducted using both parametric linear regression and non-parametric approaches, namely the Sen’s slope method and Mann-Kendall trend test. The homogeneity of the precipitation series is assessed using the Standard Normal Homogeneity Test (SNHT), von Neumann’s test, and Pettitt’s test and von Neumann’s test. Stationarity and non-stationarity of precipitation time series are determined using Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Kwiatkowski–Phillips–Schmidt–Shin (KPSS) and Phillips-Perron (PP) methods. For most of the stations, the parametric linear regression analysis of annual precipitation indicated a positive trend. Out of all the stations analysed in the non-parametric test for the average yearly precipitation series, 47 percent exhibited a positive trend. Specifically, a significant trend was seen at the Vijayawada urban station. Sen’s slope values varied from -1.233 mm/year (at Kanchikacherala) to 1.744 mm/year (in Vijayawada Urban). With the exception of Amaravati and Vijayawada urban stations, the remaining stations demonstrated more stationarity and homogeneity in the conducted tests. With the exception of Amaravati and Vijayawada urban stations, the remaining stations demonstrated more stationarity and homogeneity in the conducted tests. The findings of this study will assist in making informed choices on the organising, management, as well as growth of the water supply within the Amaravati region, in response to climate change.
An assessment of seismic performance of high-rise diagrid structure with plan irregularity
Authors: Siva Bharath P.L.S. , Bommisetty Jagadeesh , Keertan Tirukovela Sai , Manoj Tangudu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Urbanization has led to land scarcity which in turn has given rise to tall structures these days. Predominance of the lateral loads such as seismic and wind loads increase with the height of the structure. In this sense, the lateral load-resisting system dominates over traditional systems that resist gravity loads. The interior and exterior structural systems contribute to the lateral load resistance. The diagrid system is one of the predominantly used exterior systems used to resist lateral loads and was used to assess the performance of a high-rise structure (30-and 60-storey) irregular in plan (L-shaped and C-shaped) in this study. The irregularity in the plan that can test the potentiality of seismic performance of diagrid structure is observed through a case study through a modelling and analyzing using ETABS software. The seismic performance of the models prepared in various seismic zones as per Indian standard was studied and concluded that the diagrid system performs effectively for both 30- and 60-storey buildings (L-shaped and C-shaped) in all seismic zones. The values attained by both L-shaped and C-shaped models noticed to be satisfying the Indian Standard codal provisions.