bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of distinct APOBEC/ADAR mRNA levels in mutational signatures linked to aging and ultraviolet radiation
Authors: Niavarani Ahmadreza 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe APOBEC/AID family is known for its mutator activity, and recent evidence also supports the potential impact of ADARs. Furthermore, the mutator impacts of APOBEC/ADAR mutations have not yet been investigated. Assessment of pancancer TCGA exomes identified enriched somatic variants among exomes with nonsynonymous APOBEC1, APOBEC3B, APOBEC3C, ADAR, and ADARB1 mutations, compared to exomes with synonymous ones. Principal component (PC) analysis reduced the number of potential players to eight in cancer exomes/genomes, and to five in cancer types. Multivariate regression analysis was used to assess the impact of the PCs on each COSMIC mutational signature among pancancer exomes/genomes and particular cancers, identifying several novel links, including SBS17b, SBS18, and ID7 mainly determined by APOBEC1 mRNA levels; SBS40, ID1, and ID2 by age; SBS3 and SBS16 by APOBEC3A/APOBEC3B mRNA levels; ID5 and DBS9 by DNA repair/replication (DRR) defects; and SBS7a-d, SBS38, ID4, ID8, ID13, and DBS1 by ultraviolet (UV) radiation/ADARB1 mRNA levels. APOBEC/ADAR mutations appeared to potentiate the impact of DRR defects on several mutational signatures, and some factors seemed to inversely affect certain signatures. These findings potentially implicate certain APOBEC/ADAR mutations/mRNA levels in distinct mutational signatures, particularly APOBEC1 mRNA levels in aging-related signatures and ADARB1 mRNA levels in UV radiation-related signatures.
Jumping to attributions during social evaluation
Authors: Lau Isabel H. W. , Norman Jessica , Stothard Melanie , Carlisi Christina O. , Moutoussis Michael 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSocial learning is crucial for human relationships and well-being. Self- and other- evaluations are universal experiences, playing key roles in many psychiatric disorders, particularly anxiety and depression. We aimed to deepen our understanding of the computational mechanisms behind social learning, which have been implicated in internalizing conditions like anxiety and depression. We built on prior work based on the Social Evaluation Learning Task (SELT) and introduced a new computational model to better explain rapid initial inferences and progressive refinement during serial social evaluations. The Social Evaluation Learning Task-Revised (SELT-R) was improved by stakeholder input, making it more engaging and suitable for adolescents. A sample of 130 adults from the UK completed the SELT-R and questionnaires assessing symptoms of depression and anxiety. ‘Classify-refine’ computational models were compared with previously successful Bayesian models. The ‘classify-refine’ models performed better, providing insight into how people infer the attributes and motives of others. Parameters of the best fitting model from the SELT-R were correlated with Anxiety factor scores, with higher symptoms associated with greater decision noise and higher (less flexible) policy certainty. Our results replicate findings regarding the classify-refine process and set the stage for future investigations into the cognitive mechanisms of self and other evaluations in internalizing disorders.
Multilevel analysis of healthcare utilization for childhood diarrhea in high under five mortality countries
Authors: Tiruneh Misganaw Guadie , Jejaw Melak , Demissie Kaleb Assegid , Tafere Tesfahun Zemene , Geberu Demiss Mulatu , Hagos Asebe , Baffa Lemlem Daniel , Teshale Getachew 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGlobally, 4.9 million under-five deaths occurred before celebrating their fifth birthday. Four in five under-five deaths were recorded in sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia. Childhood diarrhea is one of the leading causes of death and is accountable for killing around 443,832 children every year. Despite healthcare utilization for childhood diarrhea has a significant effect on the reduction of childhood mortality and morbidity, most children die due to delays in seeking healthcare. Therefore, this study aimed to assess healthcare utilization for childhood diarrhea in the top high under-five mortality countries. This study used secondary data from 2013/14 to 2019 demographic and health surveys of 4 top high under-five mortality countries. A total weighted sample of 7254 mothers of under-five children was included. A multilevel binary logistic regression was employed to identify the associated factors of healthcare utilization for childhood diarrhea. The statistical significance was declared at a p-value less than 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval. The overall magnitude of healthcare utilization for childhood diarrhea in the top high under-five mortality countries was 58.40% (95% CI 57.26%, 59.53%). Partner/husband educational status, household wealth index, media exposure, information about oral rehydration, and place of delivery were the positive while the number of living children were the negative predictors of healthcare utilization for childhood diarrhea in top high under-five mortality countries. Besides, living in different countries compared to Guinea was also an associated factor for healthcare utilization for childhood diarrhea. More than four in ten children didn’t receive health care for childhood diarrhea in top high under-five mortality countries. Thus, to increase healthcare utilization for childhood diarrhea, health managers and policymakers should develop strategies to improve the household wealth status for those with poor household wealth index. The decision-makers and program planners should also work on media exposure and increase access to education. Further research including the perceived severity of illness and ORS knowledge-related factors of healthcare utilization for childhood diarrhea should also be considered by other researchers.
Low microbial diversity, yeast prevalence, and nematode-trapping fungal presence in fungal colonization and leaf microbiome of Serjania erecta
Authors: de Freitas Samylla Tássia Ferreira , Silva Fabiano Guimarães , Bessa Layara Alexandre , de Souza Ueric José Borges , Augusto Damiana Souza Santos , de Faria Giselle Santos , Vitorino Luciana Cristina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMedicinal plant microbiomes undergo selection due to secondary metabolite presence. Resident endophytic/epiphytic microorganisms directly influence plant’s bioactive compound synthesis. Hypothesizing low microbial diversity in Serjania erecta leaves, we assessed leaf colonization by epiphytic and endophytic fungi. Given its traditional medicinal importance, we estimated diversity in the endophytic fungal microbiome. Analyses included scanning electron microscopy (SEM), isolation of cultivable species, and metagenomics. Epiphytic fungi interacted with S. erecta leaf tissues, horizontally transmitted via stomata/trichome bases, expressing traits for nematode trapping. Cultivable endophytic fungi, known for phytopathogenic habits, didn’t induce dysbiosis symptoms. This study confirms low leaf microbiome diversity in S. erecta, with a tendency towards more fungal species, likely due to antibacterial secondary metabolite selection. The classification of Halicephalobus sp. sequence corroborated the presence of nematode eggs on the epidermal surface of S. erecta by SEM. In addition, we confirmed the presence of methanogenic archaea and a considerable number of methanotrophs of the genus Methylobacterium. The metagenomic study of endophytic fungi highlighted plant growth-promoting yeasts, mainly Malassezia, Leucosporidium, Meyerozyma, and Hannaella. Studying endophytic fungi and S. erecta microbiomes can elucidate their impact on beneficial bioactive compound production, on the other hand, it is possible that the bioactive compounds produced by this plant can recruit specific microorganisms, impacting the biological system.
A characterization for fuzzy strong cut vertices and fuzzy strong cut edges
Authors: Ma Junye , Shen Lijing , Li Lin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCut vertices and cut edges are valuable for analyzing connectivity problems in classical graph theory. However, they cannot deal with certain fuzzy problems. In order to solve this problem, this paper introduces the definitions of fuzzy strong cut vertices and fuzzy strong cut edges, and characterizes fuzzy strong cut vertices and fuzzy strong cut edges in fuzzy trees, complete fuzzy graphs, and fuzzy cycles. Finally, practical applications verify the effectiveness of the theory in network stability analysis.
Improvement of optical and structural properties of ZIF-8 by producing multifunctional Zn/Co bimetallic ZIFs for wastewater treatment from copper ions and dye
Authors: Vatani Pooneh , Aliannezhadi Maryam , Shariatmadar Tehrani Fatemeh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the paper, high specific surface area (SSA) mono and bimetallic zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) based on zinc and cobalt metals are successfully synthesized at room temperature using different ratios of Zn to Co salts as precursors and ammonium as a solvent to tailor the properties of the produced ZIF and optimize the efficiency of the particles in water treatment from dye and copper ions, simultaneously. The results declare that monometallic and bimetallic ZIF microparticles are formed using ammonium and the tuning of pore sizes and also increasing the SSA by inserting the Co ions in Zn-ZIF particles is accessible. It leads to a significant increase in the thermal stability of bimetallic Zn/Co-ZIF and the appearance of an absorption band in the visible region due to the existence of Co in the bimetallic structures. The bandgap energies of bimetallic ZIFs are close to that of the monometallic Co-ZIF-8, indicating controlling the bandgap by Co ZIF. Furthermore, the ZIFs samples are applied for water treatment from copper ions (10 and 184 ppm) and methylene blue (10 ppm) under visible irradiation and the optimized multifunctional bimetallic Zn/Co ZIF is introduced as an admirable candidate for water treatment even in acidic conditions.
Late Paleocene paleoclimate recorded in fluid inclusion of halite in Subei basin, East China
Authors: Ding Ting , Pan Bing , Zhang Hua , Liu Chenglin , Yang Zhen , Santosh M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSalt deposits are indicative of relatively extreme climate events. However, due to insufficient independent temperature proxies, paleotemperature records obtained from salt deposition are still lack. The Paleocene evaporite sequence deposited in the Hongze Depression of Subei Basin of eastern China provides an important terrestrial sediment record during this period. In this study we present total of 488 homogenization temperature (Th) data of halite fluid inclusions from drilling core with different stratigraphic depth after detailed petrological observation. The obtained Th ranged from 17.7 °C to 52.3 °C, with the mean Th value of 34.1 °C that in good agreement with the previous studies of climatic proxies. Our study shows that primary fluid inclusions of halite can serve as a robust tool to construct the ancient earth surface temperature.
Nitrate pollution deterioration in winter driven by surface ozone increase
Authors: Zhang Zekun , Lu Bingqing , Liu Chao , Meng Xue , Jiang Jiakui , Herrmann Hartmut , Chen Jianmin , Li Xiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecently, nitrate (NO3–) levels in winter pollution in eastern China have been increasing yearly and have become the main component of PM2.5. The factors contributing to this rise in surface NO3– concentrations remain unclear, complicating the development of targeted pollution control measures. This study utilizes observational data from Shanghai during the winter 2019, alongside box model simulations, to recreate the NO3− pollution event and identify the key factors in the growth process. The analysis demonstrated that a rise in winter ozone levels significantly promotes NO3– production by facilitating NOx conversion via gas-phase and heterogeneous reactions. These findings could explain the correlation between the synchronous increase of surface ozone and NO3− in recent years. Furthermore, simulation of control strategies for NOx and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) identified an approach centered on ozone reduction as notably effective in mitigating winter NO3– pollution in the Yangtze River Delta.
Strain-induced activation of chiral-phonon emission in monolayer WS2
Authors: Pan Yiming , Caruso Fabio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe report a theoretical investigation of the ultrafast dynamics of electrons and phonons in strained monolayer WS2 following photoexcitation. We show that strain substantially modifies the phase space for electron-phonon scattering, unlocking relaxation pathways that are unavailable in the pristine monolayer. In particular, strain triggers a transition between distinct dynamical regimes of the non-equilibrium lattice dynamics characterized by the emission of chiral phonons under high strain and linearly-polarized phonons under low strain. For valley-polarized electronic excitations, this mechanism can be exploited to selectively activate the emission of chiral phonons – phonons carrying a net angular momentum. Our simulations are based on state-of-the-art ab-initio methods and focus exclusively on realistic excitation and strain conditions that have already been achieved in recent experimental studies. Overall, strain emerges as a powerful tool for controlling chiral phonons emission and relaxation pathways in multivalley quantum materials.
Competing interests: digital health and indigenous data sovereignty
Authors: Cordes Ashley , Bak Marieke , Lyndon Mataroria , Hudson Maui , Fiske Amelia , Celi Leo Anthony , McLennan Stuart 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDigital health is increasingly promoting open health data. Although this open approach promises a number of benefits, it also leads to tensions with Indigenous data sovereignty movements led by Indigenous peoples around the world who are asserting control over the use of health data as a part of self-determination. Digital health has a role in improving access to services and delivering improved health outcomes for Indigenous communities. However, we argue that in order to be effective and ethical, it is essential that the field engages more with Indigenous peoples´ rights and interests. We discuss challenges and possible improvements for data acquisition, management, analysis, and integration as they pertain to the health of Indigenous communities around the world.
Creative connections: the neural correlates of semantic relatedness are associated with creativity
Authors: Herault Caroline , Ovando-Tellez Marcela , Lebuda Izabela , Kenett Yoed N. , Beranger Benoit , Benedek Mathias , Volle Emmanuelle 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe associative theory of creativity proposes that creative ideas result from connecting remotely related concepts in memory. Previous research found that higher creative individuals exhibit a more flexible organization of semantic memory, generate more uncommon word associations, and judge remote concepts as more related. In this study (N = 93), we used fMRI to investigate brain regions involved in judging the relatedness of concepts that vary in their semantic distance, and how such neural involvement relates to individual differences in creativity. Brain regions where activity increased with semantic relatedness mainly overlapped with default, control, salience, semantic control, and multiple demand networks. The default and semantic control networks exhibited increased involvement when evaluating more remote associations. Finally, higher creative people, who provided higher relatedness judgements on average, exhibited lower activity in those regions, possibly reflecting higher neural efficiency. We discuss these findings in the context of the neurocognitive processing underlying creativity. Overall, our findings indicate that judging remote concepts as related reflects a cognitive mechanism underlying creativity and shed light on the neural correlates of this mechanism.
The effects of COVID-19 on the resilience of urban life in China
Authors: Han Hao , Bai Xuemei , Costanza Robert , Dong Liang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the impacts of COVID-19 on citizens from different cities is crucial for urban resilience-building and reducing inequal resilience distribution. However, little research focuses on urban life at the individual level, particularly in second- and third-tier cities. An online survey was therefore conducted to collect data on how COVID-19 affected the cities and urban residents in mainland China. The results indicate that COVID-19 limited citizens’ access to healthcare facilities and socioeconomic activities apart from the immediate health crisis. Most citizens suffered reduced income, unemployment, and social anxiety. However, COVID-19 also raised social awareness and actions for disaster adaptation. The Chinese pandemic management has strengthened governmental leadership and credibility among most citizens in the early stage. Importantly, the results suggested that citizens in first-tier cities appeared more resilient to pandemics than those in second-tier cities. A networked resilience framework was therefore discussed for resilience-building policy implications.
Polarization sensing of network health and seismic activity over a live terrestrial fiber-optic cable
Authors: Carver Charles J. , Zhou Xia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWide-scale sensing of natural and human-made events is critical for protecting against environmental disasters and reducing the monetary losses associated with telecommunication service downtime. However, achieving dense sensing coverage is difficult, given the high deployment overhead of modern sensor networks. Here we offer an in-depth exploration of state-of-polarization sensing over fiber-optic networks using unmodified optical transceivers to establish a strong correlation with ground truth distributed acoustic sensing. To validate our sensing methodology, we collect 85 days of polarization and distributed acoustic sensing measurements along two colocated, 50 km fiber-optic cables in Southern California. We then examine how polarization sensing can improve network reliability by accurately modeling overall network health and preemptively detecting traffic loss. Finally, we explore the feasibility of wide-scale seismic monitoring with polarization sensing, showcasing the polarization perturbations following low-intensity earthquakes and the potential to more than double seismic monitoring coverage in Southern California alone.
Sensor organic light-emitting diode display, combining fingerprint and biomarker capturing
Authors: Kim Chul , Bae Kwang Soo , Kim Gunhee , Lee Dae-Young , Moon Gyeongub , Yang Dongwook , Lee Hyeonjun , An Jongyeop , Park Jungwoo , Yoon Seokgyu , Lee Cheol Gon , Jeon Mu Kyung , Cho Sanghwan , Kim Sunghan , Kim Yongjo , Lee Changhee 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDisplay has been evolving its role as a conventional optical output device into an user interactive input and output device by harnessing various sensors and taking full advantage of its user interaction friendly nature. To demonstrate this phenomenon, here we report a full organic photodiode embedded organic light-emitting diode display as multiple objects sensing platform which identifies the user’s physiological data based on the obtained photoplethysmography signal and also detects a fingerprint for an authentication concurrently in a single device. This paper introduces the technical breakthroughs to solve the complex technical challenges due to the crosstalks induced within the shared common layers during the full integration of the two conflicting devices and also the method made possible for the multiple objects sensing with the measurement results. Consequently, we believe it could prove a progression of display to a fully bidirectional innovative smart user interactive device and also could take a role as a sophisticated future display beyond organic light-emitting diode display.
A measure of reliability convergence to select and optimize cognitive tasks for individual differences research
Authors: Kadlec Jan , Walsh Catherine R. , Sadé Uri , Amir Ariel , Rissman Jesse , Ramot Michal 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSurging interest in individual differences has faced setbacks in light of recent replication crises in psychology, for example in brain-wide association studies exploring brain-behavior correlations. A crucial component of replicability for individual differences studies, which is often assumed but not directly tested, is the reliability of the measures we use. Here, we evaluate the reliability of different cognitive tasks on a dataset with over 250 participants, who each completed a multi-day task battery. We show how reliability improves as a function of number of trials, and describe the convergence of the reliability curves for the different tasks, allowing us to score tasks according to their suitability for studies of individual differences. We further show the effect on reliability of measuring over multiple time points, with tasks assessing different cognitive domains being differentially affected. Data collected over more than one session may be required to achieve trait-like stability.
Gut microbiota metabolite tyramine ameliorates high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance via increased Ca2+ signaling
Authors: Ma Peng , Zhang Yao , Yin Youjie , Wang Saifei , Chen Shuxin , Liang Xueping , Li Zhifang , Deng Hansong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe gut microbiota and their metabolites are closely linked to obesity-related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, but their causal relationship and underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. Here, we found that dysbiosis-induced tyramine (TA) suppresses high-fat diet (HFD)-mediated insulin resistance in both Drosophila and mice. In Drosophila, HFD increases cytosolic Ca2+ signaling in enterocytes, which, in turn, suppresses intestinal lipid levels. 16 S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics revealed that HFD leads to increased prevalence of tyrosine decarboxylase (Tdc)-expressing bacteria and resulting tyramine production. Tyramine acts on the tyramine receptor, TyrR1, to promote cytosolic Ca2+ signaling and activation of the CRTC-CREB complex to transcriptionally suppress dietary lipid digestion and lipogenesis in enterocytes, while promoting mitochondrial biogenesis. Furthermore, the tyramine-induced cytosolic Ca2+ signaling is sufficient to suppress HFD-induced obesity and insulin resistance in Drosophila. In mice, tyramine intake also improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity under HFD. These results indicate that dysbiosis-induced tyramine suppresses insulin resistance in both flies and mice under HFD, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for related metabolic disorders, such as diabetes.
Unravelling the kinetics of electro- and photochemical S → O linkage isomerization in Ru(ii)–NHC–DMSO complexes utilised for photoinduced substitution reactions
Authors: Shahid Nida , Singh Amrendra K. 
Published: July 2024

Ru(ii)–NHC–(DMSO)2 complexes 2a and 2b are prepared from Ru(iii)–NHC complexes. The photoinduced lability of DMSO in 2a and 2b has been utilized for the synthesis of 2,2′-bipyridine derivatives 3a and 3b in MeOH.