bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-strength fiber-reinforced concrete: assessing the impact of polyvinyl alcohol, glass, and polypropylene fibers on structural integrity and cost efficiency
Authors: Labaran Yahaya Hassan , Atmaca Nihat , Tan Mehmet , Atmaca Kemal 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study delves into the realm of high-strength fibre reinforced concrete (HSFRC), a pivotal material in contemporary construction, with a focus on elucidating its mechanical robustness and durability enhancements facilitated by fibre reinforcement. Previous research on HSFRC has provided mixed results and often neglected the cost implications. However, this study incorporates an array of fibres, encompassing steel, polypropylene, and polyvinyl alcohol, in varied proportions as well as their cost implications to provide a comprehensive evaluation of their impact. Through standardized tests such as compression strength, splitting-tensile strength, flexure strength, water permeability, and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests, alongside an exhaustive cost–benefit analysis, the study uncovers the substantial influence of fiber type and proportion on HSFRC 's properties. Noteworthy findings indicate that both fiber type and fiber ratio can change the strength and durability properties of concrete considerably, however, the use of 1.5% glass fiber gives the best results, in improving the properties of HSC. Moreover, despite the initial higher costs associated with HSFRC production, its protracted durability and diminished maintenance requisites yield substantial long-term economic advantages. Consequently, it is inferred that judicious selection of fiber types and proportions plays a pivotal role in maximizing the performance and cost-effectiveness of HSFRC, thereby advocating for its broader integration within the construction sector. Subsequent research endeavours should concentrate on fine tuning fiber content and types to further elevate HSFRC 's properties.
Experimental Constraints on the Origin of the Lunar High‐Ti Basalts
Authors: Haupt C. P. , Renggli C. J. , Rohrbach A. , Berndt J. , Klemme S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHigh‐pressure and high‐temperature experiments were conducted to simulate melting of a hybrid cumulate lunar mantle. The experimental results show that intermediate to high‐Ti lunar pyroclastic glasses (>6 wt% TiO2) can be produced by partial melting of lunar cumulates. High‐Ti basalts are generated when the ilmenite/clinopyroxene ratios in the lunar mantle cumulates are between 1/1 and 4/1, depending on the degree of melting. The presence of an urKREEP component in the mantle cumulate strongly influences Al2O3/CaO of the melts. The experiments provide strong evidence for the model that the compositional diversity of lunar basalts is a consequence of a gravitational overturn of the lunar interior after the lunar magma ocean had solidified. Ilmenite/clinopyroxene in the cumulate mantle, which generates high‐Ti melts at partial melting, do not comprise the ratios in ilmenite‐bearing cumulates (IBC), which crystallized after ∼90% solidification of the lunar magma ocean and indicate local accumulation of ilmenite in the overturned lunar mantle. However, to fully match the natural composition of the most primitive lunar samples, secondary processes such as assimilation are still required.
Impact of Warming Trend in Western Equatorial Pacific on Modulating the Triple‐Dip La Niña and Its Associated Teleconnection in 2020–2022
Authors: Kao Pei‐ken , Huang An‐Yi , Hong Chi‐Cherng , Chiang Jun , Chang Chih‐Chun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the triple‐dip La Niña during 2020–2022 by comparing it with the previous (1973–1975 and 1998–2000) La Niña events. We found that the cold sea surface temperature (SST) in the eastern equatorial Pacific was moderate during the study period; however, the accompanying near‐surface easterly wind anomaly was unusually stronger during its lifecycle than during the previous two events. The maintenance of 2020–2022 La Niña appeared to be attributable to the strong zonal SST gradient. The strong zonal SST gradient resulted from the La‐Niña‐associated interannual SST anomaly, which was further enhanced by a warming trend in the western equatorial Pacific (165°E−160°W, 5°S–5°N) and the interdecadal oscillation of the Pacific‐Decadal‐Oscillation‐associated cold SST in the eastern tropical Pacific. The warming trend in the western equatorial Pacific, with a faster warming speed than global warming, also modified the La‐Niña‐associated Pacific–North American teleconnection to shifted eastward.
Incidence risk of hepatobiliary malignant neoplasms in the cohort of workers chronically exposed to ionizing radiation
Authors: Zhuntova Galina , Bannikova Maria , Azizova Tamara 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe increased risk of liver malignancies was found in workers of the first Russian nuclear production facility, Mayak Production Association, who had been chronically exposed to gamma rays externally and to alpha particles internally due to plutonium inhalation. In the present study, we updated the radiogenic risk estimates of the hepatobiliary malignancies using the extended follow-up period (1948–2018) of the Mayak worker cohort and the improved «Mayak worker dosimetry system–2013». The cohort comprised 22,377 workers hired at the Mayak PA between 1948 and 1982. The analysis considered 62 liver malignancies (32 hepatocellular carcinomas, 13 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas, 16 angiosarcomas, and 1 anaplastic cancer) and 33 gallbladder adenocarcinomas. The analysis proved the positive significant association of the liver malignancy risk (the total of histological types, hepatocellular carcinoma) with the liver absorbed alpha dose from internal exposure. The excess relative risk per Gy (95% confidence interval) of alpha dose (the linear model) was 7.56 (3.44; 17.63) for the total of histological types and 3.85 (0.95; 13.30) for hepatocellular carcinoma. Indications of non-linearity were observed in the dose–response for internal exposure to alpha radiation. No impact of external gamma-ray exposure on the liver malignancy incidence was found. In the study cohort, the number of angiosarcomas among various types of liver malignancies was very high (25.8%), and most of these tumors (73.3%) were registered in individuals internally exposed to alpha radiation at doses ranging between 6.0 and 21.0 Gy. No association with chronic occupational radiation exposure was observed for the incidence of gallbladder malignancies.
Magnon gap excitations in van der Waals antiferromagnet MnPSe3
Authors: Jana Dipankar , Vaclavkova D. , Mohelsky I. , Kapuscinski P. , Cho C. W. , Breslavetz I. , Białek M. , Ansermet J.-Ph. , Piot B. A. , Orlita M. , Faugeras C. , Potemski M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMagneto-spectroscopy methods have been employed to study the zero-wavevector magnon excitations in MnPSe3. Experiments carried out as a function of temperature and the applied magnetic field show that two low-energy magnon branches of MnPSe3 in its antiferromagnetic phase are gapped. The observation of two low-energy magnon gaps (at 1.70 ± 0.05 meV and 0.09 ± 0.01 meV) implies that MnPSe3 is a biaxial antiferromagnet. A relatively strong out-of-plane anisotropy imposes the spin alignment to be in-plane whereas the spin directionality within the plane is governed by a factor of 2.5 × 10−3 weaker in-plane anisotropy.
Optimizing growth and yield of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) in a biosaline integrated aquaculture–agriculture systems
Authors: Kimera Fahad , Mugwanya Muziri , Ahmed Walaa , Dawood Mahmoud A. O. , Sewilam Hani 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSoil salinity and freshwater scarcity are among the major global threats to sustainable development owing to their adverse impacts on agricultural productivity especially in arid and semi-arid regions. There is a need to find sustainable alternatives such as salt-tolerant crops and fish to improve people’s livelihoods in marginal areas. This study aimed to maximize the growth and yield of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) cultivated under a biosaline integrated aquaculture–agriculture system. The study was laid in a randomized completely block design of three saline effluent treatments under three replicates: 5000 ppm (T1), 10,000 ppm (T2), 15,000 ppm (T3), and control (T0). Agro-morphological and physiological attributes of quinoa were measured. The crop yield in biomass and mineral element composition was also studied. Additionally, fish growth performance parameters such as feed intake and efficiency, growth, and survival rate were also calculated. Our results indicated that irrigating quinoa with saline aquaculture effluents above 10,000 ppm enhanced the plant growth, yield, and nutrient content of seeds. Furthermore, rearing striped catfish in saline water reaching up to 15,000 ppm did not have adverse impacts on the growth and survival of fish. Overall, integrating catfish and quinoa production under a salinity regime of 10,000 ppm could be a potential solution to ensuring alternative food sources in marginal areas.
Steady nutrient upwelling around a biological hotspot of the confluence between the quasi-stationary jet and the Oyashio in the western North Pacific
Authors: Yabe Itsuka , Ito Shin-ichi , Kakehi Shigeho , Nagai Takeyoshi , Nishioka Jun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe quasi-stationary jet, a branch of the Kuroshio Extension, transports warm saline water in the mixed water region of the western North Pacific. Around the subarctic front between the quasi-stationary jet and Oyashio and its downstream area is a biologically productive area including small pelagic fishes. However, how nutrient is supplied to the euphotic zone in this region remains elusive, especially into the quasi-stationary jet. Using high-resolution hydrography sections across the jet, we showed that Oyashio water isopycnally intrudes under the jet around 26.5–26.8 σθ and forms nutrient-rich intermediate water. Upwelling associated with ageostrophic secondary circulation across the front, caused by confluence, uplifts the intermediate water. A local nitrate maximum was also identified inside the jet by the hydrographic observation. Upwelling has been suggested as a precondition for nutrient supply from nutrient-rich intermediate water to the jet through water mixing which potentially sustains high biological production in the downstream.
The metabolites mainly composed of lipids in tongue coating are non-invasive potential biomarkers for chronic gastritis
Authors: You Zhiyuan , Lu Junhong , Xu Yifeng , Zhang Renling , Zhu Zhujing , Wang Yiqin , Hao Yiming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe changes in tongue coating metabolites in patients with chronic gastritis (CG) under different gastroscopy indicators were analyzed, and these metabolites were screened for potential non-invasive biomarkers to assist in the diagnosis of chronic gastritis. The technology of gas chromatography and liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry has been used to more comprehensively detect tongue coating metabolites of 350 CG patients. Spearman correlation analysis and random forest algorithm were used to screen metabolites that can serve as potential biomarkers. Compared with healthy individuals, CG group showed significant changes in the content of 101 metabolites, with an increase in the content of 54 metabolites and a decrease in the content of 47 metabolites. These differential metabolites are mainly composed of 47 lipids and lipid like substances. 1 metabolite was associated with bile reflux, 1 metabolite was associated with gastric mucosal erosion, 10 metabolites were associated with atrophy, 10 metabolites were associated with intestinal metaplasia, and 3 metabolites were associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. The ROC model composed of 5 metabolites can distinguish between CG group and healthy individuals, with an accuracy of 95.4%. The ROC model composed of 5,6-Dihydroxyindole can distinguish between chronic superficial gastritis group and chronic atrophic gastritis group, with an accuracy of 75.3%. The lipids and lipid like metabolites were the main abnormal metabolites in patients with chronic gastritis. It was worth noting that the content of Sphinganine 1-phase, 4-Ipomenol, and Nervonic acid in tongue coating increased, and the content of 1-Methyladenosine and 3-Hydroxycapric acid decreased, which helped to identify CG patients. The decrease in the content of 5,6-dihydroxyindole reminded patients that the development trend of CG was shifting from superficial to atrophic or even intestinal metaplasia. The detection of these metabolic markers of tongue coating was expected to be developed as a non-invasive and convenient technology in the future to assist us in monitoring and diagnosing the occurrence and development of CG.
Choroidal thinning in myopia is associated with axial elongation and severity of myopic maculopathy
Authors: Midorikawa Momoka , Mori Kiwako , Torii Hidemasa , Tomita Yohei , Zhang Yan , Tsubota Kazuo , Kurihara Toshihide , Negishi Kazuno 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHigh myopia can lead to pathologic myopia and visual impairment, whereas its causes are unclear. We retrospectively researched high myopia cases from patient records to investigate the association between axial elongation and myopic maculopathy. Sixty-four eyes were examined in patients who visited the department between July 2017 and June 2018, had an axial length of 26 mm or more, underwent fundus photography, and had their axial length measured twice or more. The average axial length was 28.29 ± 1.69 mm (mean ± standard deviation). The average age was 58.3 ± 14.4 years old. Myopic maculopathy was categorized as mild (grades 0 and 1) and severe (grades 2, 3, and 4). The severe group had longer axial lengths than the mild group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the severe group exhibited thinner choroidal thickness than the mild group (P < 0.05). When subjects were grouped by axial elongation over median value within a year, the elongation group showed thinner central choroidal thickness than the non-elongation group (142.1 ± 91.9 vs. 82.9 ± 69.8, P < 0.05). In conclusion, in patients with high myopia, the severity of maculopathy correlated with choroidal thickness and axial length. Thinner choroidal thickness was associated with axial elongation based on the baseline axial length.
Early risk predictors of acute kidney injury and short-term survival during Impella support in cardiogenic shock
Authors: Patsalis Nikolaos , Kreutz Julian , Chatzis Giorgos , Syntila Styliani , Choukeir Maryana , Schieffer Bernhard , Markus Birgit 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most frequent and prognostic-relevant complications of cardiogenic shock (CS) complicating myocardial infarction (MI). Mechanical circulatory assist devices (MCS) like left ventricular Impella microaxial pump have increasingly been used in the last decade for stabilization of hemodynamics in those patients. Moreover, a protective effect of Impella on renal organ perfusion could recently be demonstrated. However, data identifying early risk predictors for developing AKI during Impella support in CS are rare. Data of hemodynamics and renal function from 50 Impella patients (January 2020 and February 2022) with MI-related CS (SCAI stage C), were retrospectively analyzed using e.g. multivariate logistic regression analysis as well as Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox regression analysis. 30 patients (60%) developed AKI. Central venous pressure as an indicator for venous congestion (OR 1.216, p = 0.02), GFR at admission indicating existing renal damage (OR 0.928, p = 0.002), and reduced central venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) as a marker for decreased tissue perfusion (OR 0.930, p = 0.029) were independently associated with developing an AKI. The 30-day mortality rate was significantly higher in patients with AKI stage 3 (Stage 1: 0%, Stage 2: 0%, Stage 3; 41.6%, p = 0.014) while AKI stage 3 (HR 0.095, p = 0.026) and norepinephrine dosage (HR 1.027, p = 0.008) were independent predictors for 30-day mortality. AKI as a complication of MI-related CS occurs frequently with a major impact on prognosis. Venous congestion, reduced tissue perfusion, and an already impaired renal function are independent predictors of AKI. Thus, timely diagnostics and a focused treatment of the identified factors could improve prognosis and outcome.
Prediction of nocturnal ventilation by pulmonary function testing in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Tress Friederike , Luecke Eva , Stegemann-Koniszewski Sabine , Lux Anke , Singla Abhinav , Schreiber Jens 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) prognosis is poor due to progressive weakening of the respiratory muscles. Survival and quality of life can be improved by noninvasive ventilation (NIV), which is initially applied while sleeping. The indication for NIV is based on pulmonary function testing (PFT) and polysomnography (PSG) with capnography (tCO2). While it is desirable to predict nocturnal ventilation by waking PFT in ALS, the parameters suited for reliable predictions remain elusive.

Methods We retrospectively analyzed parameters derived from PFT (spirometry, body plethysmography, diffusion capacity, respiratory muscle testing) and blood gas analysis, PSG and tCO2 in 42 patients with ALS (27 men, 15 women, age 69 ± 12.1 years) and performed Spearman’s correlation analysis of daytime waking parameters and nighttime sleep parameters.

Results 28 patients (66.7%) showed restrictive impairment of ventilation and 15 patients (48.3%) showed insufficiency of the respiratory musculature. There was no obstructive impairment of ventilation. We did not observe any significant correlations between any single daytime PFT parameter with nocturnal pCO2. However, there were significant correlations between the ratios PIF/PEF, MEF50/MIF50, DLCO/VA as well as FEV1/FVC and nocturnal pCO2. Highly normal FEV1/FVC and Krogh-Factor (DLCOc/VA) indicated nocturnal hypercapnia. Furthermore, waking hypercapnia, concentrations of bicarbonate and base excess were each positively correlated with nocturnal hypercapnia.

Conclusions Waking PFT is not a good predictor of nocturnal ventilation. Inspiratory parameters as well as the ratios FEV1/FVC and DLCO/VA performed best and should be included in the interpretation. Our analyses confirm the relevance of inspiratory muscle weakness in ALS. PSG and tCO2 remain the gold standard for the assessment of nocturnal ventilation.
K-Vitamine in der osteologischen Praxis – eine kritische
Perspektive
Authors: Popp Albrecht W. 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Aktivierung von Osteocalcin zur Bindung von Calcium in der extrazellulären
Knochenmatrix ist Vitamin K-abhängig. Beim gesunden Erwachsenen ist ein
erworbener Vitamin K-Mangel selten, er spielt aber eine wichtige Rolle bei
chronischen Erkrankungen wie Diabetes, Rheuma, Malabsorption, gestörter Leber-
und Pankreasfunktion und besonders bei PatientInnen mit Ausfall der
Nierenfunktion an der Dialyse. Ausreichend sensitive Nachweismethoden sind
aufwändig und noch nicht routinemäßig verfügbar, Massenspektrometrische Methoden
werden entwickelt. Prospektiv, randomisiert kontrollierte Studien zeigen
hinsichtlich eines Fraktur-verhindernden Effektes inkonsistente Resultate. Eine
generelle Supplementation wird daher nicht empfohlen.
Equity implications of efficient water conservation programs
Authors: Azizi Koorosh , Barnes Jesse L , Anderies John M , Garcia Margaret 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Urban water management is increasingly challenged by the need to balance cost-effectiveness with equity considerations. This study presents a multi-objective approach to water conservation within the Las Vegas valley water district, analyzing a comprehensive dataset of water consumption and socioeconomic indicators across all single-family residences. We assess policy scenarios under two primary objectives: maximizing water savings to enhance economic efficiency and improving water affordability to promote equity. Our analysis reveals that while strategies focused on water savings reduce water use more efficiently, they tend to favor higher-income, predominantly white neighborhoods whereas prioritizing water affordability shifts resources towards lower-income, communities of color. The analysis of intermediate policy scenarios reveals the trade-offs and potential synergies between water savings and affordability. Our findings suggest that local water sustainability can be achieved by allocating resources to both high-demand and socioeconomically disadvantaged households. Highlighting the importance of integrating equity considerations into water management policies, this study provides insights for policymakers in crafting more inclusive and sustainable urban water management practices.
Liquefaction Potential Analysis of Irrigation Canals at Sidera Area-Sigi Regency
Authors: Dinastiyanto T. , Hardiyatmo H.C. , Pratiwi E. P. A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
An earthquake measuring 7.5 on the Richter scale that occurred in Palu on 28 September 2018 resulted in liquefaction where the soil lost its bearing capacity due to increased pore water pressure. The liquefaction disaster caused great damage to the Gumbasa Irrigation channel, a large part of which is in the alluvial fan area. This study aims to analyze the potential of liquefaction in irrigation canals in the Sidera village area, Sigi Regency. Using SPT (Standard Penetration Test) data from 2 boreholes with a depth of ± 20 m, MASW data, and Earthquake Risk Map. Researchers analyzed with the Seed Simplified Procedure approach, The researchers analyzed the Simplified Procedure method proposed by Seed, which uses a stress-based approach that uses the ratio of soil shear strength (CRR) and earthquake-induced soil shear stress (CSR). The results of the analysis using Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) of 0.43 and groundwater level variations of -2.85 m (borehole BM 53) and -12.5m (Borehole BM 49) show that liquefaction occurs at depths of 4-8 m (BM 53) and 14-17 m (BM 49). The value of the Liquefaction Potential Index (LPI) increases and indicates a high liquefaction potential below the water table with the highest value of 17.88. The analysis shows that liquefaction is closely related to the shallow water table, soil type, and low N-SPT values. The high liquefaction potential requires prevention methods as a form of treatment.