bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acceptability and User Satisfaction of a Smartphone-Based, Interactive Blood Glucose Management System in Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Hirst Jane E. , Mackillop Lucy , Loerup Lise , Kevat Dev A. , Bartlett Katy , Gibson Oliver , Kenworthy Yvonne , Levy Jonathan C. , Tarassenko Lionel , Farmer Andrew 
Published: November 2014

Background: The increase in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is challenging maternity services. We have developed an interactive, smartphone-based, remote blood glucose (BG) monitoring system, GDm-health. Aims: The objective was to determine women’s satisfaction with using the GDm-health system and their attitudes toward their diabetes care. Methods: In a service development program involving 52 pregnant women (September 2012 to June 2013), BG was monitored using GDm-health from diagnosis until delivery. Following birth, women completed a structured questionnaire assessing (1) general satisfaction, (2) equipment issues, and (3) relationship with the diabetes care team. Responses were scored on a 7-point Likert-type scale. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire were assessed using statistical methods. Results: Of 52 women, 49 completed the questionnaire; 32 had glucose tolerance test confirmed GDM (gestation at recruitment 29 ± 4 weeks (mean ± SD), and 17 women previous GDM recommended for BG monitoring (18 ± 6 weeks). In all, 45 of 49 women agreed their care was satisfactory and the best for them, 47 of 49 and 43 of 49 agreed the equipment was convenient and reliable respectively, 42 of 49 agreed GDm-health fitted into their lifestyle, and 46 of 49 agreed they had a good relationship with their care team. Written comments supported these findings, with very positive reactions from the majority of women. Cronbach’s alpha was .89 with factor analysis corresponding with question thematic trends. Conclusions: This pilot demonstrates that GDm-health is acceptable and convenient for a large proportion of women. Effects on clinical and economic outcomes are currently under investigation in a randomized trial (clinicaltrials.gov NCT01916694).
Activation of lymphoma-associated MyD88 mutations via allostery-induced TIR-domain oligomerization
Authors: Avbelj Monika , Wolz Olaf-Oliver , Fekonja Ota , Benčina Mojca , Repič Matej , Mavri Janez , Krüger Jens , Schärfe Charlotta , Delmiro Garcia Magno , Panter Gabriela , Kohlbacher Oliver , Weber Alexander N. R. , Jerala Roman 
Published: October 2014

Key Points
The hyperactive phenotype of lymphoma-associated mutations is caused by increased oligomerization propensity of the MyD88 TIR domain. The TIR domain of mutants interacts with wild-type MyD88, explaining why heterozygous mutation could be sufficient as a driver mutation.
GATA2 deficiency-associated bone marrow disorder differs from idiopathic aplastic anemia
Authors: Ganapathi Karthik A. , Townsley Danielle M. , Hsu Amy P. , Arthur Diane C. , Zerbe Christa S. , Cuellar-Rodriguez Jennifer , Hickstein Dennis D. , Rosenzweig Sergio D. , Braylan Raul C. , Young Neal S. , Holland Steven M. , Calvo Katherine R. 
Published: October 2014

Key Points
GATA2 deficiency-associated bone marrow disorder can present with features that overlap with idiopathic aplastic anemia. GATA2 marrows have severely decreased hematogones, monocytes, NK cells, and B cells; variable dysplasia; and clonal cytogenetic abnormalities.
Severe haemoptysis in patients with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Razazi Keyvan , Parrot Antoine , Khalil Antoine , Djibre Michel , Gounant Valerie , Assouad Jalal , Carette Marie France , Fartoukh Muriel , Cadranel Jacques 
Published: October 2014

Severe haemoptysis due to nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is considered a grim condition, and there is still scarce data on its characteristics and outcome, despite new imaging and treatment modalities. This retrospective study sought to describe the clinical characteristics, pathophysiology and outcome of NSCLC-related haemoptysis.We included 125 consecutive patients with severe haemoptysis (>100 mL) at admission, 65 (52%) exhibiting squamous cell carcinoma. Tumour cavitation/necrosis was reported in 26 (21%) patients. 52 patients had received anticancer treatment, but none had received anti-angiogenic agents.Severe haemoptysis was related mainly to the bronchial artery (82%), and major pulmonary artery involvement was rare (6.4%). Interventional radiology was performed in 102 patients. Bleeding cessation was achieved in 108 (87%) out of 125 patients. The overall in-hospital and 1-year survival rates were 69% and 30%, respectively. Performance status (PS) ≥2 (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.3–9.6), advanced stage (OR 8.6, 95% CI 2–37) and mechanical ventilation (OR 13, 95% CI 4.5–36) were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Performance status ≥2 (hazard ratio (HR) 2.4, 95% CI 1.5–3.7), advanced stage (HR 4, 95% CI 2.1–7.7), cancer progression (HR 2, 95% CI 1.01–2.7) and cavitation/necrosis (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.21–3.2) were independently associated with 1-year mortality.Management of severe haemoptysis related to NSCLC should be improved, given our observed survival rates after hospital discharge.
Phenotype of asthmatics with increased airwayS-nitrosoglutathione reductase activity
Authors: Marozkina Nadzeya V. , Wang Xin-Qun , Stsiapura Vitali , Fitzpatrick Anne , Carraro Silvia , Hawkins Gregory A. , Bleecker Eugene , Meyers Deborah , Jarjour Nizar , Fain Sean B. , Wenzel Sally , Busse William , Castro Mario , Panettieri Reynold A. , Moore Wendy , Lewis Stephen J. , Palmer Lisa A. , Altes Talissa , de Lange Eduard E. , Erzurum Serpil , Teague W. Gerald , Gaston Benjamin 
Published: October 2014

S-Nitrosoglutathione is an endogenous airway smooth muscle relaxant. Increased airwayS-nitrosoglutathione breakdown occurs in some asthma patients. We asked whether patients with increased airway catabolism of this molecule had clinical features that distinguished them from other asthma patients.We measuredS-nitrosoglutathione reductase expression and activity in bronchoscopy samples taken from 66 subjects in the Severe Asthma Research Program. We also analysed phenotype and genotype data taken from the program as a whole.AirwayS-nitrosoglutathione reductase activity was increased in asthma patients (p=0.032). However, only a subpopulation was affected and this subpopulation was not defined by a “severe asthma” diagnosis. Subjects with increased activity were younger, had higher IgE and an earlier onset of symptoms. Consistent with a link betweenS-nitrosoglutathione biochemistry and atopy: 1) interleukin 13 increasedS-nitrosoglutathione reductase expression and 2) subjects with anS-nitrosoglutathione reductase single nucleotide polymorphism previously associated with asthma had higher IgE than those without this single nucleotide polymorphism. Expression was higher in airway epithelium than in smooth muscle and was increased in regions of the asthmatic lung with decreased airflow.An early-onset, allergic phenotype characterises the asthma population with increasedS-nitrosoglutathione reductase activity.
Variability of within-breath reactance in COPD patients and its association with dyspnoea
Authors: Aarli Bernt B. , Calverley Peter M.A. , Jensen Robert L. , Eagan Tomas M.L. , Bakke Per S. , Hardie Jon A. 
Published: October 2014

The forced oscillation technique can identify expiratory flow limitation (EFL) when a large difference in inspiratory and expiratory reactance (ΔXrs) occurs. However, flow limitation can vary from breath to breath, and so we compared a multiple-breath ΔXrsapproach to the traditional breath-by-breath assessment of EFL. We investigated the within- and between-day reproducibility and the factors that affect the size of ΔXrswhen used as a continuous measurement over multiple breaths. In addition, we examined how multiple-breath ΔXrsrelates to the sensation of breathlessness.425 moderate to very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and 229 controls were included. Spirometry and impedance measurements were performed on a MasterScope CT Impulse Oscillation System.Median ΔXrsapproached zero in healthy controls with little variation between measurements. COPD patients generally had higher ΔXrsand higher variability. The COPD patients with ΔXrs>0.1 kPa·L−1·s−1were prone to be more breathless and had a higher modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale score. In controls, the 95th percentile of ΔXrswas as low as 0.07 kPa·L−1·s−1.We describe a new method to assess EFL at a patient level and propose a cut-off, mean ΔXrs>0.1 kPa·L−1·s−1, as a way to identify COPD patients who are more likely to report dyspnoea.
Infantile respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus infections: respective role in inception and persistence of wheezing
Authors: Rossi Giovanni A. , Colin Andrew A. 
Published: October 2014

There is evidence that respiratory viruses play a key role in the development and exacerbation of obstructive respiratory diseases in children. This review attempts to juxtapose the separate profiles and prototypes of pathogenenetic mechanisms represented by the two most common amongst such viruses: respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human rhinovirus (HRV).RSV represents the most common agent of severe airway disease in infants and young children, and is predominant in winter months. Large epidemiological studies have revealed an unequivocal relationship between RSV infection and subsequent wheezing into childhood, thought to be related to long-term changes in neuroimmune control of the airways rather than allergic sensitisation.HRV is a highly diverse group of viruses that affect subjects of all ages, is ubiquitous and occurs year-round. In contrast to RSV, infections with HRV cause minimal cytotoxicity but induce a rapid production of cytokines and chemokines with amplification of the inflammatory response. The susceptibility to HRV-induced bronchiolitis and subsequent wheezing appears to be linked to individual predisposition since it is often associated with a family or personal history of asthma/atopy.Thus, RSV probably serves as an “inducer” rather than a “trigger”. Conversely, HRVs seem to serve as a “trigger” rather than an “inducer” in predisposed individuals.
Novel antiviral properties of azithromycin in cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells
Authors: Schögler Aline , Kopf Brigitte S. , Edwards Michael R. , Johnston Sebastian L. , Casaulta Carmen , Kieninger Elisabeth , Jung Andreas , Moeller Alexander , Geiser Thomas , Regamey Nicolas , Alves Marco P. 
Published: October 2014

Virus-associated pulmonary exacerbations, often associated with rhinoviruses (RVs), contribute to cystic fibrosis (CF) morbidity. Currently, there are only a few therapeutic options to treat virus-induced CF pulmonary exacerbations. The macrolide antibiotic azithromycin has antiviral properties in human bronchial epithelial cells. We investigated the potential of azithromycin to induce antiviral mechanisms in CF bronchial epithelial cells.Primary bronchial epithelial cells from CF and control children were infected with RV after azithromycin pre-treatment. Viral RNA, interferon (IFN), IFN-stimulated gene and pattern recognition receptor expression were measured by real-time quantitative PCR. Live virus shedding was assessed by assaying the 50% tissue culture infective dose. Pro-inflammatory cytokine and IFN-β production were evaluated by ELISA. Cell death was investigated by flow cytometry.RV replication was increased in CF compared with control cells. Azithromycin reduced RV replication seven-fold in CF cells without inducing cell death. Furthermore, azithromycin increased RV-induced pattern recognition receptor, IFN and IFN-stimulated gene mRNA levels. While stimulating antiviral responses, azithromycin did not prevent virus-induced pro-inflammatory responses.Azithromycin pre-treatment reduces RV replication in CF bronchial epithelial cells, possibly through the amplification of the antiviral response mediated by the IFN pathway. Clinical studies are needed to elucidate the potential of azithromycin in the management and prevention of RV-induced CF pulmonary exacerbations.
Optimal investment with stopping in finite horizon
Authors: Jian Xiongfei , Li Xun , Yi Fahuai 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate dynamic optimization problems featuring both stochastic control and optimal stopping in a finite time horizon. The paper aims to develop new methodologies, which are significantly different from those of mixed dynamic optimal control and stopping problems in the existing literature. We formulate our model to a free boundary problem of a fully nonlinear equation. Furthermore, by means of a dual transformation for the above problem, we convert the above problem to a new free boundary problem of a linear equation. Finally, we apply the theoretical results to some challenging, yet practically relevant and important, risk-sensitive problems in wealth management to obtain the properties of the optimal strategy and the right time to achieve a certain level over a finite time investment horizon.

MSC:35R35, 91B28, 93E20.
Some identities of special q-polynomials
Authors: Dolgy Dmitry V , Kim Dae San , Kim Taekyun , Rim Seog-Hoon 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate some identities of q-extensions of special polynomials which are derived from the fermonic q-integral on

Z
p

and the bosonic q-integral on

Z
p

.
Existence and uniqueness of fixed point for mixed monotone ternary operators with application
Authors: Bu Changchang , Feng Yuqiang , Li Hui 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this paper, partial order theory is used to study the fixed point of a mixed monotone ternary operator

A
:
P
×
P
×
P
→
P

. The existence and uniqueness of a fixed point are obtained without assuming the operators to be compact or continuous. In the end, the application to an integral equation is presented. Our results unify, generalize, and complement various known comparable results from the current literature.

MSC:47H05, 47H10.
A two-axis cable-driven ankle-foot mechanism
Authors: Ficanha Evandro M , Rastgaar Mohammad , Kaufman Kenton R 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
This paper describes a novel cable-driven ankle-foot mechanism with two controllable degrees of freedom (DOF) in dorsiflexion-plantarflexion (DP) and inversion-eversion (IE). The presented mechanism is a proof of concept to demonstrate feasibility. Ankle kinematic measurements demonstrate that ankle IE rotations during a step turn are significantly different from walking on a straight path. This suggests that the ankle-foot mechanisms used in prostheses, exoskeletons, and bipedal robots can be improved by controlling a second degree of freedom in the frontal plane. The proposed prototype mechanism is described in detail, and its design considerations and parameters are presented. The mechanism is capable of producing trajectories similar to the human ankle during a step turn. The device shows passive mechanical impedance close to the human ankle mechanical impedance, allowing its mechanical impedance to be controlled using an impedance controller. The presented mechanism is capable of providing key mechanical characteristics similar to the human ankle, including power, range of motion, and weight, suggesting the feasibility of this design concept.
CD4+/CD8+ double-positive T cells: more than just a developmental stage?
Authors: Overgaard Nana H , Jung Ji-Won , Steptoe Raymond J , Wells James W 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
CD4+/CD8+ DP thymocytes are a well-described T cell developmental stage within the thymus. However, once differentiated, the CD4+ lineage or the CD8+ lineage is generally considered to be fixed. Nevertheless, mature CD4+/CD8+ DP T cells have been described in the blood and peripheral lymphoid tissues of numerous species, as well as in numerous disease settings, including cancer. The expression of CD4 and CD8 is regulated by a very strict transcriptional program involving the transcription factors Runx3 and ThPOK. Initially thought to be mutually exclusive within CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, CD4+/CD8+ T cell populations, outside of the thymus, have recently been described to express concurrently ThPOK and Runx3. Considerable heterogeneity exists within the CD4+/CD8+ DP T cell pool, and the function of CD4+/CD8+ T cell populations remains controversial, with conflicting reports describing cytotoxic or suppressive roles for these cells. In this review, we describe how transcriptional regulation, lineage of origin, heterogeneity of CD4 and CD8 expression, age, species, and specific disease settings influence the functionality of this rarely studied T cell population.
Comorbid medical illness in bipolar disorder
Authors: Forty Liz , Ulanova Anna , Jones Lisa , Jones Ian , Gordon-Smith Katherine , Fraser Christine , Farmer Anne , McGuffin Peter , Lewis Cathryn M. , Hosang Georgina M. , Rivera Margarita , Craddock Nick 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundIndividuals with a mental health disorder appear to be at increased risk of medical illness.AimsTo examine rates of medical illnesses in patients with bipolar disorder (n = 1720) and to examine the clinical course of the bipolar illness according to lifetime medical illness burden.MethodParticipants recruited within the UK were asked about the lifetime occurrence of 20 medical illnesses, interviewed using the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) and diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria.ResultsWe found significantly increased rates of several medical illnesses in our bipolar sample. A high medical illness burden was associated with a history of anxiety disorder, rapid cycling mood episodes, suicide attempts and mood episodes with a typically acute onset.ConclusionsBipolar disorder is associated with high rates of medical illness. This comorbidity needs to be taken into account by services in order to improve outcomes for patients with bipolar disorder and also in research investigating the aetiology of affective disorder where shared biological pathways may play a role.Declarations of interestNone.
Mexican Recruits and Vagrants in Late Eighteenth-Century Philippines: Empire, Social Order, and Bourbon Reforms in the Spanish Pacific World
Authors: Mehl Eva Maria 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Between 1765 and 1811, Mexico City sent to Manila, Philippines, about 4,000 Mexicans, including recruits and vagrants who had been sentenced to military service or public works. At this time, the Spanish empire was undertaking a military overhaul in the Pacific. However, viceregal authorities used Manila's need for military replacements to exile individuals who embodied despised moral attributes. The office of the viceroy was apparently unaware of or unconcerned by the problems faced by Manila's authorities as they tried to employ these difficult men in defense of the archipelago. By showing that New Spain played a central role in sculpting Spain's relationship with her most remote possession, this article contributes to the scholarship that challenges the interpretation of the absolutist state as absolute. This transportation process also illuminates that the history of the Spanish Philippines is better apprehended by including the history of colonial Mexico, and vice versa.
Prodigal Sons and Beardless Machos: Labor, Migration, and Masculinity at Itaipú Binacional, Alto Paraná, Paraguay, 1974–1980
Authors: White John Howard 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In the mid-1970s, construction of the world's largest hydroelectric dam, Itaipú Binacional, on the Paraná River attracted thousands of migrants to the border of Brazil and Paraguay in search of employment. Single male workers found employment with the consortium companies constructing the project, including Paraguay's flagship corporation, Conempa. In the barracks and community center located within the construction zone, single men were exposed to an array of company programs in health, safety, education, recreation, and social welfare intended to shape a new cadre of productive workers and idealized citizens for the new Paraguay envisioned by the military regime. Corporate ideas regarding gender and appropriate sexuality for male workers formed a key pillar in such initiatives. However, as the infrastructure project moved along its construction schedule and toward completion, the popular figure of the arriero perõ (beardless macho) emerged in the company press as a counterexample to company formulations of idealized masculinity for male dam workers.
Near-isogenic lines ofTriticum aestivumwith distinct modes of resistance exhibit dissimilar transcriptional regulation duringDiuraphis noxiafeeding
Authors: Botha Anna-Maria , van Eck Leon , Burger N. Francois V. , Swanevelder Zacharias H. 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTRussian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia, Kurdjumov) feeding on susceptible Triticum aestivum L. leads to leaf rolling, chlorosis and plant death – symptoms not present in resistant lines. Although the effects of several D. noxia (Dn) resistance genes are known, none have been isolated or characterized. Wheat varieties expressing different Dn genes exhibit distinct modes of D. noxia resistance, such as antibiosis (Dn1), tolerance (Dn2), and antixenosis (Dn5). However, the mechanism whereby feeding aphids are perceived, and how subsequent transcriptional responses are partitioned into resistance categories, remains unclear. Here we report on downstream events in near-isogenic wheat lines containing different Dn genes after D. noxia biotype SA1 feeding. Transcripts involved in stress, signal transduction, photosynthesis, metabolism and gene regulation were differentially regulated during D. noxia feeding. Expression analyses using RT-qPCR and RNA hybridization, as well as enzyme activity profiling, provide evidence that the timing and intensity of pathways induced are critical in the development of particular modes of resistance. Pathways involved include the generation of kinase signalling cascades that lead to a sustained oxidative burst, and a hypersensitive response that is active during antibiosis. Tolerance is a passive resistance mechanism that acts through repair or de novo synthesis of photosystem proteins. Results further suggest that ethylene-mediated pathways are possibly involved in generating volatile compounds and cell wall fortification during the antixenosic response.
Dynamically-expressed prion-like proteins form a cuticle in the pharynx ofCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: George-Raizen Julia B. , Shockley Keith R. , Trojanowski Nicholas F. , Lamb Annesia L. , Raizen David M. 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTIn molting animals, a cuticular extracellular matrix forms the first barrier to infection and other environmental insults. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans there are two types of cuticle: a well-studied collagenous cuticle lines the body, and a poorly-understood chitinous cuticle lines the pharynx. In the posterior end of the pharynx is the grinder, a tooth-like cuticular specialization that crushes food prior to transport to the intestine for digestion. We here show that the grinder increases in size only during the molt. To gain molecular insight into the structure of the grinder and pharyngeal cuticle, we performed a microarray analysis to identify mRNAs increased during the molt. We found strong transcriptional induction during the molt of 12 of 15 previously identified abu genes encoding Prion-like (P) glutamine (Q) and asparagine (N) rich PQN proteins, as well as 15 additional genes encoding closely related PQN proteins. abu/pqn genes, which we name the abu/pqn paralog group (APPG) genes, were expressed in pharyngeal cells and the proteins encoded by two APPG genes we tested localized to the pharyngeal cuticle. Deleting the APPG gene abu-14 caused abnormal pharyngeal cuticular structures and knocking down other APPG genes resulted in abnormal cuticular function. We propose that APPG proteins promote the assembly and function of a unique cuticular structure. The strong developmental regulation of the APPG genes raises the possibility that such genes would be identified in transcriptional profiling experiments in which the animals' developmental stage is not precisely staged.