bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure of Aspen Forests of Zakamje of the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Гарипов Р. , Пуряев С. 
Published: July 2024

Приведены результаты исследований, отражающие характер распределения осинников Закамья Республики Татарстан по типам лесорастительных условий, возрасту, запасу стволовой древесины, классам бонитета и полноте
The article focuses on the low forest cover of the Republic of Tatarstan, the need to maintain a regional forest resource base, the prospects for increasing the economic potential of forests without compromising their environmental functions. As one of the ways to achieve this goal, the prospects of increasing the productivity of the aspen formations of the Republic of Tatarstan through their reconstruction are considered. For the subsequent development of a complex of forestry measures for qualitative improvement of aspen trees, it is proposed to study the structural organization of the aspen. In this case, the example of the physical and geographical region of Zakamye of the Republic of Tatarstan. The specificity of this work is that the study of the area of the aspen propagation of Zakamye of the Republic of Tatarstan, the accumulation of the timber stock, the characteristics by class of bonitet and relative completeness – was carried out in the context of types of forest conditions by age groups. As a result, an informative set of data on the age structure of the aspen formations of Zakamye of the Republic of Tatarstan, the features of their localization in various types of forest habitat conditions, the laws of accumulation of wood volume was obtained. In the context of the types of forest growing conditions and groups of ages, characteristics of aspen plantations according to bonitet classes and relative completeness are given. The obtained information serves as a good information base for development of scientific and production solutions aimed at improving the ecological and resource potential of forests and, in particular, aspen formations of the Republic of Tatarstan.
Illegal Logging: the International Political Context
Authors: Мартынюк А. , Кузьмичев Е. , Трушина И. 
Published: July 2024

Акцент международного внимания к лесным проблемам сместился от контроля за соблюдением устойчивости управления лесами к режиму законности. В статье представлен краткий обзор по организации и совершенствованию системы противодействия незаконным рубкам и правового регулирования в этой сфере, а также о тенденциях в мировой торговле древесиной и изделиями из нее. Рассмотрена регламентация использования лесов в странах производителях и потребителях древесины, а также содержание понятия и классификация незаконных рубок в разных странах.
The paper covers international aspects of illegal forest use and related trade of timber and its products. To buildup domestic forest and paper products positions at world markets there should be a consistent and confident for market stakeholders assessment procedure of forest products and legal activities compatibility. The paper highlights findings of world timber trade trend analysis, review of forest use regulation in timber producing and exporting states, comparison of illegal logging concept and evidence classification in various states. International focus on forest problems shifted from sustainability performance control to law enforcement mode in forest sector. It is stressed that legitimacy is a new powerful concept in forest management. A new trend of range of states involved in forest sector legitimacy arrangement and development extension is stressed. Global legitimacy impacts mainly depend on political responses to new trade and global production regulation tools in Russia, China and Brazil. In foreign literature there is a distinct trend world division based on forest logging legality into global «north-south» developed importing countries with «sensitive» markets and timber and its product exporting countries usually located in south polar regions. It is pointed out that illegal logging data in «north» countries in special literature practically is not available. Feasible legitimacy unfourable impacts are forest product output growth at small uncontrolled facilities; rise of government motivations to release law burden regulating forest use; disturbance of established supply chains. 3 timber legality acts in the USA, EU and Australia don't accept FSC and PEFS certificates as a proof of timber legal background. Trade data statistics shows no changes as a result of the adopted Euro-regulation over the last 3 years.
Influence of sterilization methods and types of blue honeysuckle explants on their viability under in vitro conditions
Authors: Макаров С , Кузнецова И. , Смирнов В. 
Published: July 2024

В статье представлены результаты исследований по изучению эффективности различных стерилизаторов при введении эксплантов жимолости синей в культуру in vitrо, а также жизнеспособности меристем, изолированных из различных побегов и почек следующих сортов Loniceria ceruleae L.: Андерма, Берель, Голубое веретено, Длинноплодная, Морена, Нимфа, Роксана. Изолированные почки культивировали на питательной среде, содержащей минеральные соли и витамины по прописи Мурасиге – Скуга.
The article presents the results of studies on the efficacy of various sterilizers with the introduction of blue honeysuckle explants into the culture in vitro, as well as the viability of meristems isolated from various shoots and buds of 7 varieties of Loniceria ceruleae L.: Anderma, Berel, Blue Spindle, Longfruit, Morena, Nymph, Roxanne. Isolated buds cultured on the MS culture medium containing mineral salts and vitamins. The greatest sterilizing effect (100%) is a solution of Sinergetic bleach in dilution with water 1: 1 (15 min exposure) and 0,1% solution of mercuric chloride (exposure 5 min), where as the efficiency of kidney sterilization with detergents "Belizna" and "Domestos" with dilution with water 1: 5 and exposure 15 min is significantly lower (53% and 63% respectively). The viability of meristems in vitro depends on the initial fragment of the plant and the location of the kidneys on it. Meristems of sterile green cuttings characterized by a higher survival rate in culture in vitro (64–85 %) than from lignified shoots (30–59%). A higher viability of meristem from axillary buds is noted in sterile green cuttings (81,3 %), from apical – in lignified shoots (55,3%). The viability of similar types of explants in vitro depending on the variety varies insignificantly (78–85%).
Position of Russian Research Institute for forest genetics, breeding and biotechnology in federal Forestry Agency
Authors: Корчагин О.М. , Кострикин В.А. , Семёнов М.А. , Синицын А.А. 
Published: July 2024

В статье представлены основные направления научных исследований Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института лесной генетики, селекции и биотехнологии.
Since 1975 VNIILGISbiotek (former NIILGIS) coordinated research in forest genetics, breeding, seed production and introduction conducted at national sectoral, academic and high education institutions. In 2013 the institute was reformed from unitary into budgetary pattern meanwhile the most urgent activity areas such as forest biotechnology was extended. The paper highlights key achievements of the institute since its establishment as well as promising research areas. Unique experience and expertise ensure development of the Russian Research Institute for forest genetics, breeding and biotechnology in current situation and enable choice of the most promising direction to implement its research potential.
Improvement of the methodology for the transport infrastructure assessment in the system economic revenue assessment of woody forest resources
Authors: Чумаченко С.И. , Каракчиева И.В. 
Published: July 2024

Приведен разработанный авторами алгоритм анализа транспортной инфраструктуры, основанный на данных ГИС, который позволяет не только актуализировать исходные и расчетные показатели, но и сформировать стратегию проектного управления исходя из зон экономических интересов всех участников лесных отношений.
The article is devoted to the description of key areas for improving the methodology for assessing the transport infrastructure of the forest area. The paper presents a step-by-step algorithm for calculating and determining the basic elements of the transport infrastructure analysis of the forest area. Within the framework of the developed approach, the necessity to switch from the calculation of charge rates based on measuring distances to the direct calculation of the costs of delivering wood logs from the logging site to the customer's storage (woodworking enterprises) is substantiated by replacing the approach by «distance» in determining the charge rates to the approach by «cost» of round wood delivery. Analyzing the domestic system of economic evaluation of wood forest resources, the authors provide arguments about the inconsistency of the operating system, showing its key shortcomings. The basis of the presented research results is the model of analysis of the transport component in the system of assessing the economic revenue of woody forest resources. The key element of the model is a step-by-step algorithm for calculating the basic elements of analysis of the forest area transport infrastructure. The article presents a comparison of the current methodical approach for determining the charge rates and the approach proposed by the authors on the example of a forest plot. The proposed approach was successfully tested in three state forest enterprises, different in natural and resource, production and technological, and market conditions, located in the Novgorod, Kirov and Krasnoyarsk regions. An approach was developed to assess the transport accessibility of forest areas as a tool for economic planning and forest management. Authors connect improvment of the forest management effectiveness with the need for environmental and economic justification for the efficiency of clear and selective cutting. Developed by the authors step-by-step algorithm for analyzing the transport infrastructure of the forest area, forms the validity of the determination not only the starting prices for auctions on forest plots leasing contracts and buying and selling of standing forest, but also to determine the differentiated payment for wood resources of the forest in the long-term lease of forest fund plots.
Estimation of Growth Variability in Different Forms Scots Pine in Conditions of Constant Overwetting of Soils in the Middle Taiga
Authors: Пинаевская Е.А. , Тарханов С.Н. 
Published: July 2024

Получены данные по морфоструктурным особенностям роста разных форм среднетаежной популяции сосны обыкновенной на болотных верховых торфяных почвах. Установлены различия по морфометрическим показателям и радиальному приросту между «обычной» и «болотной» формой сосны. Выявлено, что в сосняках кустарничково-сфагновых средней тайги сосна «болотной» формы уступает «обычной» по морфометрическим параметрам вегетативной (в 1,2–2 раза) и генеративной (на 9–34%) сфер, радиальному приросту (в 1,9 раза).
Pine is the main forest-forming species in the European North of Russia. It represents a complex polymorphic species and differs within the limits of one population according to morphological forms. Radial growth is a universal indicator of tree growth, plantation productivity, an important taxation parameter and an indicator of the state of the environment. Two pine forms are distinguished in the shrub-sphagnum pine forests according to the habitus of the crown: «normal» and «swamp». The «swamp» form differs from the trees of the «normal» pine by a strong lag in growth and acquires in most cases an ugly appearance. Studies of the growth of different forms of pine were carried out in the middle taiga of the Arkhangelsk region. The laying of trial plots is carried out by the standards accepted in the forest management practice, forestry and taxation characteristics of the plantations are carried out by the generally accepted methods. Processing of wood core is performed by dendrochronological methods. The analysis of growth of the «normal» and «swamp» forms of pine in the conditions of constant overwetting of soils in the middle taiga is carried out in the article in terms of the main morphometric parameters. It is established that in the «swamp» form at the age of 150–160 years, the average values of the morphometric parameters of the trunk, crown and cones are lower than in the «normal» pine. Significant differences in mean values of radial growth were revealed in tree-ring rows in different forms of pine.
Krasnoyarsk Cluster of Forest Science – New Stage of Development
Authors: Котельников Р.В. , Верховец С.В. , Агеев А.А. 
Published: July 2024

Приведен пример формирования научного кластера, который может стать основой развития лесного хозяйства Красноярского края. Проанализированы сложившиеся экономикогеографические иисторические предпосылки образования научного кластера с учетом назревшей потребности в восстановлении связи между практикой и наукой с целью решения приоритетных вопросов в лесном хозяйстве, в первую очередь, для организации охраны лесов от пожаров. Оценено преимущество межорганизационного и междисциплинарного подхода в выполнении совместных научных проектов.
The interaction between scientific organizations for the joint solution of scientific and practical problems in the interests of forestry is considered. Over the past few years, the scientific potential in the forestry sector has increased in the region, firstly, due to the emergence of a branch of the AllRussian Research Institute of Forestry, whose task is to fill the gap between the scientific and practical environment, and secondly, the emergence of the base university Krasnoyarsk Territory, which included two main sectoral areas of priority for the region, is the space industry and the forest industry 1. Today in forestry there are many unsolved problems, where one of the main ones can be called with certainty protecting forests from fires 2, 3. The implementation of this and other tasks will be the development of a new approach in their solution. This approach consists in the formation of an interorganizational interaction format involving scientific organizations from other spheres of science, thereby creating an interdisciplinary working environment 4. The result of this interaction will be a comprehensive solution to existing problems using not only classical silvicultural approaches, but also the latest technical means, which are advanced digital and space technologies concentrated in the base university. As well as the advantage of this approach will be the final research product, which will already be adapted and prepared for introduction into practice, which will be provided by the functionality of the established branch of the institute that performs applied research in the interests of forestry. The past significant strengthening of the academic and university forest science in the Krasnoyarsk Territory at the expense of the applied one will make it possible to fully solve problems of a different nature arising in forestry.
Reforestationon South-East Sands Russia: Modern Problems and Challenges
Authors: Турчина Т.А. 
Published: July 2024

Приведены результаты лесовосстановительных мероприятий на песчаных почвах юга России (Ростовская, Волгоградская области) в 2008 2017 гг. Рассмотрен комплекс факторов, обусловливающих низкую эффективность искусственного лесовосстановления, оценены риски использования современной нормативной базы и предложены меры по их минимизации.
The author analyzed results of actions for artificial regeneration on sands and sandy soils in steppe zone of the European part of Russia. The low performance of regeneration is stated: for the 10year period (2008 2017) more than 50 of the created plantings died. The list and the analysis of factors of plantings low survival on sands is provided in article. According to the author, it is caused by the reasons of climatic, ecological, technological, organizational and financial character. Them are: heavy weather during creation and in the first years of growth of forest cultures discrepancy of forest vegetation conditions on sites of regeneration to ecological requirements of the grownup woody plants lack of the ecological differentiated technologies of regeneration use of the equipment with high share of physical wear ecological discrepancy of separate technological operations ignoring of level of mutual influence of tree species during creation of the mixed cultures use of not certified planting stock lack of longterm planning of regeneration, data bank of the areas needing regeneration and to reforestation. On the basis of the analysis of Forest plans of the Russian Federation subjects for 2019 2028, the author comes to conclusion that during their action of cardinal improvement of situation will not occur. Result of the conducted research were recommendations of the author about increase in efficiency of artificial regeneration and reforestation. The following measures are proposed: implementation of soil and ecological mapping of the territory of forest district for the purpose of definition of forest suitability soils and species diversity of the grownup plants, including on perspective definition of locations where recovery of plantings can be provided due to carrying out measures of assistance to natural regeneration development of ecologically differentiated types of forest cultures formation of system of the state order at cultivation of planting stock inspection of not forest lands of forest resources for the purpose of definition of their suitability for cultivation of antierosion plantings, establishments of priority of purpose of sites for reforestation modification of forest plans of territorial subjects of the Russian Federation regarding design of reforestation on not forest lands of forest resources.
Creation of New Varieties of Forest Berry Plants and Prospects of their Intensive Reproduction (in vitro)
Authors: Коренев И.А. , Тяк Г.В. , Макаров С.С. 
Published: July 2024

В статье представлены данные исследований по интродукции и селекции новых для культивирования в России видов ягодных растений (клюквы крупноплодной, клюквы болотной, брусники обыкновенной, голубики топяной, голубики узколистной, княженики арктической и морошки приземистой). На Центральноевропейской ЛОС созданы высокопродуктивные сорта и формы данных видов для выращивания на плантациях, отработаны методики их клонального микроразмножения. Представлены результаты апробации работ в условиях Костромской, Кировской, Архангельской, Ярославской областей, ХантыМансийского автономного округа.
Research findings to introduce and breed for cultivation in Russia berry plant species (America cranberry, European cranberry, cowberry, swamp blueberry, lowbush blueberry, Arctic raspberry and mountain raspberry). High productive brands and types of these species for plantation production have been developed. Procedures for forest berry crop clonal micropropagation based on biotechnical methods have been developed. Impacts of various phytohormones of auxin and cytokinin group at all stages of in viro propagation have been studied. It is outlined that available 2 stages shooting with growth stimulator application is specifics of forest berry crop clonal propagation. Optimal number of passages to propagate plants using cell and tissue cultures.
Long-Term Environmental Studies in the Tellerman Experimental Forestry of the Institute of Forest Science Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Рубцов В.В. , Уткина И.А. , Каплина Н.Ф. , Колганихина Г.Б. , Молчанов А.Г. , Мучник Е.Э. , Стороженко В.Г. , Чеботарёва В.В. , Чеботарёв П.А. 
Published: July 2024

Приведены краткая история создания Теллермановского опытного лесничества филиала Института лесоведения РАН, обзор основных направлений научных исследований, выполненных здесь со времени создания (1944 г.) по настоящее время. Идеологическая основа выполненных работ комплексность и биогеоценологический подход, сформулированный академиком В. Н. Сукачевым.
A brief history of the creation of the Tellerman Experimental Forestry of the Institute of Forest Science Russian Academy of Sciences, an overview of the main branches of scientific research carried out in it since its development (1944) to the present are given. The main stages of scientific research in Tellerman forestry are characterized. The hydrology of the massif and the water regime of forest plantations, the environment-forming role of the forest were studied, the phytomass reserves, mineral composition, productivity, energy balance of biogeocenoses were determined, and a series of silvicultural experiments was performed. A comprehensive study of biogeocenoses also included investigations of root systems, phenological, geobotanical, zoological, microbiological, phytopathological and mycological studies. Currently, much attention is paid to the problem of studying the adaptation of oak forests to unfavorable external factors, including ongoing changes in the climatic situation and an increase of anthropogenic pressure, learning how to form and sustainably develop forest phytocenoses ensuring the preservation and enhancement of the social and protective role of forests, organizing long-term monitoring. and protection of forest-steppe oak forests. The results of 60-year experiments on the effect of thinning on the stability and productivity of oak forests have been summed up. The dynamics and causes of oak forests degradation occurring in the forest-steppe zone, where there is a gradual replacement of oak by much less valuable tree species, primarily ash, linden, maples, are studied. This negative trend may be stopped only by the rational management of forestry and the timely creation of oak forest cultures. The peculiarities of biocenotic relationships of phytophagous insects with host plants in modern environmental conditions are analyzed. Along with other areas of scientific activity in in forestry, a complete inventory of the diversity of dendrotrophic mycobiota and phytopathological monitoring of forest ecosystems are becoming important in the modern period. The continuation of lichenological studies on the territory of forest is planned in several directions, including the further study of the diversity of lichen biota, features of the substrate and cenotic distribution.