bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1587 – Discrimination As a Psychological Disorder a Study In The Novel (season Of Migration To The Northth) By: Al-tayyib Saleh (sudan)
Authors: Alzubi A. 
Published: July 2013

Season of Migration to the North,([i]) by the Sudanese novelist al-Tayyib Salih, introduces two main themes: The lack of communication among modern, different civilizations, and the psychological dimensions and the destructive effects of the racial problem in the present age. Focusing on those two themes, Salih portrays a realistic image of the dilemma of discrimination in contemporary society, in which death is seen as a constant threat to human relations as long as the discrimination exists. The novel tells the story of Mustafa Saīd, a Sudanese, who spends thirty years in Britain as a law student and lecturer in London universities. Basically, Saīd is characterized as an intellectual and a gentle man, whose accomplishments during his study and teaching prove his capacity to accommodate both the demands and rewards of Western life. His assimilation, however, is only superficial, and the novel displays the inner conflicts of a black African Muslim male in a society - whose values are totally different from those of his native culture.([i](Al- Tayyib Salih, Season of Migration to the North (Mawsim al-Hijrah ila al-Shamal), translated into English by denys Johnson-Davies, London, 1969.
1596 – Chronobiological Thyroid Axis Activity Could Predict Antidepressant Response In Major Depression
Authors: Duval F. , Mokrani M.-C. , Gonzalez Lopera F. , Alexa C. , Rabia H. , Proudnikova X. , Erb A. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundWe previously demonstrated that the difference between 23.00h and 08.00h TSH response to TRH tests on the same day (ΔΔTSH test) is reduced in about 75% of drug-free depressed inpatients. This study sought to determine whether this chronobiological index, at baseline and after 2 weeks of treatment, could predict antidepressant response.MethodsThe ΔΔTSH test was performed in 50 drug-free DSM-IV euthyroid major depressed inpatients and 50 hospitalized controls. After 2 weeks of antidepressant treatment the ΔΔTSH test was repeated in all inpatients. Antidepressant response was evaluated after 6 weeks of treatment.ResultsAt baseline, ΔΔTSH values were significantly lower in patients compared to controls (p< 0.000001): 38 patients showed reduced values (i.e. ΔΔTSH ≤ 2.5 mIU/L; sensitivity, 76%; specificity, 98%). After two weeks of treatment, 20 patients showed ΔΔTSH normalization (among them 18 were subsequent remitters), while 18 patients did not normalize their ΔΔTSH (among them 15 were non remitters) (p < 0.00001). Among the 12 patients who had normal ΔΔTSH values at baseline, 8 out 9 who had still normal values after 2 weeks of treatment were remitters, while the 3 with worsening thyroid axis function (i.e. reduced ΔΔTSH value after 2 weeks of treatment) were non-remitters (p< 0.02).ConclusionOur results suggest that after 2 weeks of antidepressant treatment: 1) an abnormal ΔΔTSH test could predict non-remission, and 2) ΔΔTSH normalization is associated with subsequent remission. Thus, chronobiological restoration of the thyroid axis activity precedes clinical improvement and may predict the therapeutic outcome in major depression.
1621 – Depressive Symptoms And Cognitive Functioning In Elderly
Authors: Enache D. , Almkvist O. , Gregoric Kramberger M. , Jelic V. , Eriksdotter M. , Lebedeva A. , Göthe F. , Winblad B. , Aarsland D. 
Published: July 2013

AimTo explore the associations between depressive symptoms and cognition in patients with subjective cognitive impairment (SCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and with Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods286 Patients (60.8% females) with SCI (n=96), MCI (n=125), AD (n=65) from a University hospital-based memory clinic were compared in several tests of cognitive performance. Mean (SD) age 67.73 (7.2) and median (range) MMSE score 28 (16-30) and Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) score 5 (0-20). The three groups were subdivided into those with and without depression as evaluated by CSDD (≥12). Cognitive functions were assessed in five domains (verbal, visuospatial, short-term memory, episodic memory and executive function) based on a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests.ResultsA MANOVA on the five cognitive domains showed that depression vs. no depression differed significantly in the verbal (F (1,167) =4.24, p=.041) and executive (F(1,167)=17.87, p=.0001) domains. There was a significant interaction between diagnostic group, depression and cognitive domains F(2,167)=5.34, p=.006, due to a poorer performance in the executive domain for depressed MCI and AD patient compared with non depressed, but such an association was not found in SCI patients. Other markers of depression (history and current medication) did not change this pattern.ConclusionDepression is associated with executive function in MCI and AD patients.
1632 – Risk Factors For Parasuicidal Behavior Among Alcoholics
Authors: Razvodovsky Y.E. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionIt is well recognized that alcohol dependence is among the major risk factors that are associated with suicidal behavior.ObjectivesThis study was design to extend our understanding of alcohol-parasuicide relationship by examining some of the socio-demographic and mental health characteristics of alcohol dependent suicide attempters.MethodsThe relationship between alcohol dependence and parasuicide was studied among patients admitted to a Gomel regional psychiatric hospital (Belarus). A total 117 male alcohol dependent in-patients (ADPS) and a comparison group of 128 non-alcohol dependent parasuicidal in-patients (NADPS) were investigated. The socio-demographic and mental health profile of each group was analyzed.ResultsRisk factors for parasuicide were acute alcohol intoxication, social dysfunction and psychiatric symptoms. Results show that, compared with NADPS patients, those with an alcohol dependence were older (32.1 vs. 29.3; p< 0,001), unemployed (46.2% vs. 31.3%; p< 0,001), or with a past history of deliberate self-harm (21.4% vs. 14.1%; p< 0,01). Comorbid psychiatric disorders were presented in 58.1% of ADPS and in 69.2% of NADPS patients. The prevalence of personality disorders (23.4% vs. 17.1%) and schizophrenia (10.9% vs. 6.8%) were higher among NADPS compared with ADPS patients. Consumption of alcohol at the time of the parasuicidal act was reported more commonly by ADPS than by NADPS (70.1% vs. 45.31%; p< 0,001).ConclusionsThese findings are consistent with previous research indicating a causal role for acute alcohol intoxication in parasuicidal behavior among alcohol dependent individuals.
1634 – Different Nosogenic Reactions In Patients Withbreast Cancer
Authors: Shushpanova O. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundProblem of malignant tumors is one of leading for modern society due to large prevalence and lethality of these diseases in Russia. In this association, increasingly greater relevance is acquired by problem of diagnostics of nosogenias and rehabilitation of patients with nosogenic reactions.MaterialsIn our investigation, sample included 30 patients at the age from 28 to 71 years (in average 49,7±11,1 years) with diagnosis “breast cancer” at Russian Oncological Scientific Center in pre- and post surgery period of radical mastectomy.ResultsAverage length of disease at baseline has constituted 6,8±1,2 months. In all studied cases, nosogenic reactions flew at two stages - manifestation and clinical differentiation. At stage 1 - manifestation - in all studied female patients, acute (“universal”) affective reaction developed (reaction of apparent death - according to E. Kretschmer). At stage 2 clinically differentiated reaction of one of 4 types formed: anxiety-depressive, anxiety-dissociative, anxiety-phobic and hypomaniacal. Anxiety-dissociative reaction formed predominantly in patients with hysteric personality disorder. Anxiety-phobic was more typical for persons with anxiety-avoidant personality disorder. Hypomaniacal nosogenic reaction was revealed in female patients with combined schizoid traits and schizotypal personality disorder (group of expansive schizoids). Peculiarity of these patients is signs of hyponosognosia in family history that explains seeking the oncologist at remote stages of disease (stage IIIIV of breast cancer at admission).ConclusionFor more successful therapy and rehabilitation of patients with breast cancer it is necessary to develop differentiated indications of psychopharmacotherapy of nosogenic disorders in this diseases.
1635 – The Correlates Of Positive Affect In Pregnancy And Postpartum
Authors: Soares M.J. , Marques M. , Pereira A.T. , Maia B. , Bos S. , Valente J. , Azevedo M.H.P. , Macedo A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionPositive affect (PA) is correlated to several positive outcomes and might be a constituent of happiness (Lyubomirsky et al., 2005).ObjectivesTo investigate the correlates of PA in pregnancy and postpartum.Methods397 pregnant women (T0) were also followed at 3 months postpartum (T1). At both time-points, they completed a questionnaire, the Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS), the Profile of Mood States (POMS), and were also interviewed with some sections of the Diagnostic Interview for Genetic studies (DIGS). Descriptive and correlation analyses were performed.ResultsT0/T1 PA scores were correlated (p< .01). T0 PA was associated with fewer children, and T1 PA with a concurrent better self-reported health (p< .05). PA at T0/T1 was associated with nulliparity (p< .05/p< .01), mother's age (younger) (p< .05/p< .01). PA at T0/T1 was associated with lower levels of perceived life stress (p< .01); better life quality (p< .01); more social support (p< .01); lower levels of anxiety trait, depressive/anxious emotional states (p< .01), depressive symptoms (p< .01), and suicide ideation (p< .01); less self-reported maternal sleep difficulties and lower interference of it on their mood and working functioning. Moreover, PA assessed at pregnancy was associated with these variables at postpartum. PA at T1 was associated with a better perception of the infant as having less feeding/sleeping/and behavior problems.ConclusionsPA is a protective emotional trait, a good indicator of physical/mental health, and well-being in perinatal period. Mother's PA influences her perception of the infant temperament and may contribute positively to the dyadic interaction.
1636 – Mental Health In Oldest Old Population
Authors: Rodrigues R.M.C. , Loureiro L.M.J. , Silva S.M.D.T. , Azeredo Z.A.S. , Crespo S.S.D.S. , Ribeiro C.F.S. ,   The Oldest Old: Coimbra Aging Study (PTDC/CS-SOC/114895/2009)
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe project “The Oldest Old: Coimbra aging study”’ (PTDC/CS-SOC/114895/2009) will be carried out based on an elderly population enrolled in Health Centers of the Municipality of Coimbra, Portugal. One of the areas in study is the mental health. This approach is complex due to the effects caused by changes occurring throughout life.ObjectivesEvaluate the mental health status of Coimbra's elderly population applying the OARS/QAFMI (Older Americans Resources and Services/ Questionário de Avaliação Funcional Multidimensional para Idosos) questionnaire.AimsAssess the use and need felt for health services and social support by the elderly, related with their functional status in mental health.MethodsQuantitative methodology using the QAFMI/OARS. The sample consisted of individuals aged 75, or more, randomly selected and representative of Coimbra's elder residents, to achieve 10% of the population. Their mental health status was evaluated using the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ), the Short Psychiatric Evaluation Schedule (SPES) and a self-evaluation.ResultsThe preliminary results showed that the majority of the individuals had scored a “good mental health” status. The female had tendentiously lower scores of the mental health status than the males with the same age. The oldest individuals (≥85 years old) had also scored lower results than the ones with 75-84 years old.ConclusionsThe results obtained with the OARS/QAFMI indicated a cognitive decline, with differences between gender and age of the individuals being the females and oldest individuals the ones to score the worst mental status.
1680 – Prevalence, Severity And Course Of Depressive Symptomatology In Chronic Hepatitis c Patients On Pegylated Interferon Alpha: a 72-week Prospective Study
Authors: Pavlovic Z. , Jasovic-Gasic M. , Delic D. , Maric N.P. , Vukovic O. , Pejovic S. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionTreatment with pegylated interferon alpha (PEG-IFN-α) in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is associated with depression more frequently than in other diseases treated with PEG-IFN-α.ObjectiveTo prospectively evaluate prevalence, severity and course of depressive symptomatology in CHC patients treated with PEG-IFN-α.MethodsHamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) was used to asses depressive symptoms in 103 subjects with CHC before PEG-IFN-α (mean dose 152.6±25.6 mcg; duration of therapy 48 weeks) and at the follow-up visits (4th, 12th, 24th, 48th, 72th week). Control group included 103 subjects with CHC without PEG-IFN-α.ResultsThere was a significant increase in HAMD scores as early as in the 4th week of PEG-IFN-a therapy compared to baseline scores (38.8% vs. 24.3%). The peak of depressive symptomatology was detected in the 12th week (mean HAMD 9.34¤ 6.93), when a half of patients (49.5%) had HAMD above 7. At the end of the treatment (48th week), 38.8 % had HAMD above 7, and in the 72nd week (24 weeks without PEG-IFN-α), prevalence of depressive symptomatology was decreased to the values lower than at baseline (23.3% vs. 24.3%). The majority (28.2%) had mild depression, whereas moderate and severe depressive symptoms were found in 20.4% and 1%, respectively. No change in prevalence of depression was detected in control group.ConclusionPresent study is the longest follow-up study of depressive symptoms as a side-effect of PEG-IFN-α in CHC. Our data yielded that the severity of the symptoms was mild to moderate and tends to decrease following therapy completion.
1682 – Working In Europe To Stop Truancy Among Youth (we-stay)
Authors: Carli V. , Wasserman C. , Sarchiapone M. , Hoven C. , Wasserman D. ,   WE-STAY Consortium
Published: July 2013

IntroductionTruancy is a serious public health problem that affects adolescents from all countries around the world; however, little is known about the short- and long-term outcomes of potential underlying psychological and mental ill-health for those adolescents who truant. Working in Europe to Stop Truancy Among Youth (WE-STAY) project is developed, as a randomized controlled trial (RCT), in order to examine truancy, and its subsequent association with psychological distress and mental illhealth. The WE-STAY Consortium comprises 10 European countries: Estonia, France, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Romania, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden serving as the coordinating centre.AimsThe main objectives of WE-STAY are to gather epidemiological information on truancy on European adolescents; and to perform interventional school-based programs for adolescents, aimed at reducing truancy rates and improve mental health of students.MethodsThe WE-STAY project is implementing and evaluating outcomes of three different kinds of preventive interventions on truancy, which is compared with a minimal intervention serving as the control arm. Validated psychometric instruments incorporated into a self-report questionnaire is administered at baseline, 1- and 12-month follow-up assessments.ConclusionsThe WE-STAY project is expected to generate valuable information about the behaviour of European adolescents regarding attendance to school. The existing research on truancy is very scarce and affected by methodological shortcomings that make evaluating the effectiveness of their programs difficult. The main philosophy underlying the WE-STAY project is to consider truancy as a warning-sign for psychological and social distress in adolescents.
1688 – Suicidal Behaviours And Occupational Status: a Preliminary Analysis Of Emergency Room Psychiatric Consultation
Authors: Ressico F. , Coppola I. , Gramaglia C. , Zeppegno P. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionSuicidal behaviours are major public health concerns, associated with many risk factors that vary with sociodemographical features.ObjectivesTo compare the differences between patients visiting the emergency room (ER) for self-inflicted injury vs those needing psychiatric consultation for other reasons, as far as their occupational and accommodation status are concerned.AimsTo evaluate the influence of the economic scenery on suicidal behaviours.MethodsDeterminants of ER psychiatric consultations were studied prospectively from 2008 to 2011 at the “Maggiore” Hospital in Novara. Comparison of qualitative data was performed by means of the x2 test, or the Fisher’s Exact test in case of expected frequencies less than 5. All tests were two-sided and a P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.ResultsIn a sample of 1888 psychiatric consultations, 281 (14.9%) were due to self-inflicted injuries. The preliminary analysis of socio-demographical features showed that self-harm behaviours are significantly more frequent among employed vs unemployed or disabled subjects (20.1% vs 13.2%; p=0.0005) and among those living in their immediate or own family vs those living alone or in therapeutic facilities (17.0% vs 13.0% vs 8.4%; p=0.012).ConclusionsIn contrast to current literature, our study shows that individuals living in more favourable conditions are at greater risk of attempting suicide. These results might be associated to the current Italian economic scenery, and to emerging difficulties as far as keeping an income to adequately maintain a family are concerned.
1689 – Ginkgo Biloba Extract Egb 761 In Mild Cognitive Impairment With Neuropsychiatric Symptoms: a Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial
Authors: Preuss U.W. , Bachinskaya N. , Kaschel R. , Wong J.W. , Hoerr R. , Gavrilova S.I. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionGinkgo biloba extract EGb 761® improved neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in patients with dementia in a series of trials.Objectives/aimsTo explore the effects of EGb 761® on NPS in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).MethodsA randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, 24-week, multi-center trial was conducted, including 160 patients with MCI who scored at least 6 on the 12-item Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Effects on NPS were assessed using the NPI, the state sub-score of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-X1) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Further outcome measures were the Trail-Making Test (TMT, Forms A and B) and global ratings of change. Descriptive statistical analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle.ResultsThe NPI composite score decreased by 7.0 ± 4.5 (mean, standard deviation) points in the EGb 761®-treated group and by 5.5 ± 5.2 points in the placebo group (p = 0.001). Improvement by at least 4 points was found in 78.8% of patients treated with EGb 761® and in 55.7% of those receiving placebo (p = 0.002). Significant superiority of EGb 761® over placebo was also found for the STAI-X1 score, the informants' global impression of change and both TMT scores. There were statistical trends favoring EGb 761® in the GDS and the patients' global impression of change. Adverse events were reported by 37 patients taking EGb 761® and 36 patients receiving placebo; there were no serious adverse events.ConclusionEGb 761® improved NPS and cognitive performance in patients with MCI. The drug was safe and well tolerated.
1691 – Group Psychotherapy With People With Chronic Pain
Authors: Scherer E.A. , Scherer Z.A.P. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionChronic pain more than a symptom expresses a complex situation in pathophysiological and therapeutic terms. It can become the center of one’s life and be a reflection of suffering experienced in other areas of life. Support through group psychotherapy can enhance a better experience with pain and encourage healthy behaviors in this clientele.ObjectiveTo characterize the groups with chronic pain patients regarding the subjects discussed and the impact of pain on their lives.AimsUnderstand the life circumstances of people who suffer from chronic pain.MethodThis is a qualitative participant observation study. 48 group meetings conducted with 12 patients with chronic pain were analyzed. The groups were weekly, lasting an hour, and were coordinated in co-therapy by a psychiatrist and a psychologist.ResultsThemes discussed: health problems; vulnerability to diseases; limitations and perspectives of people with chronic pain; preparation for submission to procedures (surgeries, exams, analgesic blocks); relationship problems with family and friends; unconscious conflicts that feed physical problems; difficulties in interacting with professionals and treatments; economic problems; and sexuality. When patients were able to provide support to colleagues, they felt valued; when they received such support, they felt understood and protected.ConclusionIt was possible to observe a personal development of participants who stopped complaining or blaming others for their relationship problems and their consequent suffering, going to take responsibility and find solutions more adaptive than the recurrent pain behavior.
1694 – Treatment Of Psychotic Episode In Epilepsy - Olanzapine Vs Risperidone
Authors: Ravanic D. , Djukic Dejanovic S. , Ristic Ignjatovic D. , Ilic M. , Borovcanin M. , Babic S. , Jovanovic M. 
Published: July 2013

PurposeIt is known that antipsychotic lower seizure threshold, cause EEG abnormalities and put the patients in the risk for additional seizures. Due to changes in organic substrate, psychosis is very common comorbidity in epilepsy. There is no consensus about treatment options. The purpose of this research was to compare effects of risperidone and olanzapine in treatment of psychotic episode in verified Grand-mall epilepsy. Treatment with bout antipsychotic was parallel.MethodsPsychotic episode in 100 adults (67 males) with epilepsy, Grand-mall type, were measured with BPRS scale. History of diagnosis of epilepsy, Grand-mall type was verified clinically and by EEG. Subject were treated either with olanzapine (n=53) 14.7±2.4 mg per day or with risperidone (n=47) 8.6±3.8 mg per day, orally.ResultsThe total BPRS scores in olanzapine group at baseline, in 1st, 2nd and 3rd week were 139.6±34.2, 91.3±21.4, 81.5±19.8, and 72.3±11.1, respectively (p< 0.05). The total BPRS scores in risperidone group at baseline, in 1st, 2nd and 3rd week were 137.1±32.4, 101.6±30.9, 98.4±26.6, and 90.3±19.1, respectively (p< 0.05).ConclusionsResults of our research showed that risperidone is more effective and comfortable drug than olanzapine in the treatment of psychotic episodes in epilepsy.