bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence Study of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Umbulharjo Sub-District Yogaykarta 2014-2016
Authors: Nurfita Desi , Nurasyiah Fatma , Rahayu Atikah 
Published: August 2024

Background : Pulmonary tuberculosis is infectious disease coused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Most of Mycobacterium tuberculosis attacks lungs, but it can also attack other body organs (Depkes RI, 2007). Tuberculosis remains one of the deadliest diseases in the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that each year more than 8 million new cases of tuberculosis occur and approximately 3 million persons die from the disease. The result of Riskesdas in 2007, prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis increases with age and highest prevalence is over 65 years. The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in men is 20 % higher than woman. Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis is three times higher in low education compared to higher education (Riskesdas, 2007).Method : This type of study was quantitative descriptive research. Respondents were tuberculosis program holders at Health Primary Care of Umbulharjo 1 and Health Primary Care of Umbulharjo 2. This reseach used tuberculosis register in Health Primary Care of Umbulharjo 1 and Health Primary Care of Umbulharjo 2. Data analysis was performed by descriptive. Data analysis used frequency distribution analysis.Result : Suspected tuberculosis has increased from 2014 to 2016 in Umbulharjo District. Percentage of tuberculosis patients among the suspects in 2014 was 26.1%. Percentage of TB patients among the suspects in 2015 was 22.3%. Percentage of TB patients among the suspects in 2016 was 25.1%. the result of study foundÂ pulmonary tuberculosis primer, pulmonary tuberculosis secondary, extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and tuberculosis in children. Treatment success rates reached 89% in 2014, 92% in 2015, and 78% in 2016.Conclusion : Cases of pulmonary tuberculosis fluctuate every year. Increased in 2016, which was 46 cases, compared to the year 2015 as many as 26 cases and in 2014 as many as 28 cases.
Pengukuran Kinerja Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten dengan Metode Balanced Scorecard Perspektif Bisnis Internal dan Pembelajaran dan Pertumbuhan
Authors: Hastuti Siti Kurnia Widi , Sakti Ratu Bela 
Published: August 2024

Central General Hospital dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten is a type A hospital an as a referral center hospital. This hospital is required to be able to provide health services in accordance with the standard. During this time the hospital used performance measurement that have been set by the government, measuring performance from the financial aspect alone is not enough so it is also necessary from the non-financial aspects. Performance measurement using the Balanced Scorecard is the right solution because performance measurement is seen from various aspects namely financial and non-financial aspects namely financial and non-financial aspects. This study aims to determine the performance of the central general hospital dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten Internal Business Perspective and Learning and Growth Perspective. This study used a qualitative method with phenomenological research design. The research subjects consisted of the head of the HR sub- division, the head of the medical services monitoring and evaluation section, the medical record installation reporting staff, the head of the training and education sub-office, the employee and a sample of 92 employees consisting of medical and non-medical personnel. The result of performance measurements conducted at the Central General Hospital dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten used the Balanced Scorecard method of internal business perspective and learning and growth obtained a score of 0 which means good enough. Performance measurement Of The Central General Hospital, dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten With the Balanced Scorecard Method viewed from an internal business perspective and Learning and Growth is said to be “Good Enough”
Analysis of The Increase In National Health Insurance Contributions on The Rights and Obligations of Participants at the Puput Community Health Center (Puskesmas Puput)
Authors: Khoiriyah Salsabila , Hidayat Muhammad Syamsu 
Published: August 2024

Background: A total of 727 visits of JKN participants were served at Puput Bangka Barat Health Center. Based on the number of visits per month in January 2015, there were 1,536 cases served at eight Bangka Barat Health Centers. Based on the agreement, JKN participants in Bangka Barat Regency were budgeted by the Central Government, Bangka Belitung Provincial Government and Askes. The Bangka Barat community of JKN participants funded by the central government were 26,045 people, funded by the provincial government were 11,500 people and PNS, TNI, Polri were 13,865 people or a total of 51,419 people.
Methods: This study used phenomenological research with a qualitative descriptive approach. The subjects of the study were key informants and triangulation informants totaling 10 informants at Puput Health Center. And the research instrument used in-depth interviews and documentation.
Results: participants did not feel the difference in health services, some of them felt for health services For routine contribution payments, informants pay contributions routinely according to their respective classes. Some complained about the increase in JKN contributions and some of them had no complaints about the increase in contributions. And for the perception of the increase in contributions, participants responded negatively to the government's policy related to the increase in BPJS Health contributions, although on the other hand they still hoped that the JKN contributions could be reduced.
Conclusion: Utilization of Health Services at Puput Health Center, some of the participants were quite satisfied with the health services at Puput Health Center. Level of Compliance of JKN Participants in Making Routine Payments of JKN Contributions, there were participants who did not pay contributions on the grounds that they were due to the increase in contributions. And the perception of participants about the policy of increasing JKN contributions in JKN membership, policies related to BPJS Health, informants strongly objected to this policy.
PEMANFAATAN METODE HVSR UNTUK STUDI KARAKTERISTIK TANAH DI TANJUNG KEMALA DAERAH KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS
Authors: Farduwin Alhada , Pinem Junita Cintia Dewi Br , Styawan Yudha 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dan mengidentifikasi karakteristik tanah di Kabupaten Tanggamus, tepatnya pada Desa Tanjung Kemala, dengan fokus pada parameter penting seperti indeks kerentanan seismik (), amplifikasi (), dan frekuensi natural (). Karakteristik tanah ini sangat penting dalam menentukan zona rawan seismik yang dapat memengaruhi keputusan dalam pemilihan lokasi pembangunan. Data untuk penelitian ini diperoleh melalui pengukuran mikrotremor yang dilakukan menggunakan alat Raspberry Shake 3D pada 24 lokasi observasi, yang tersebar dengan interval sebesar 0,5 km. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR), yang memungkinkan penilaian dan . Luaran dari analisis ini memperlihatkan yang bervariasi di antara 0,52 Hz dan 21,73 Hz, sedangkan berkisar antara 1,97 hingga 7,66 kali, dan nilai 0,71 hingga 37,34 dari . Data ini mengungkapkan bahwa daerah dengan rendah terletak di bagian timur dan timur laut, sedangkan daerah dengan tinggi ditemukan di bagian barat laut dan tengah barat daya. Selain itu, pengukuran ketebalan lapisan sedimen berdasarkan nilai kecepatan gelombang geser sepanjang kedalaman 30 meter yang dirata-ratakan () dengan hasil antara 83,67 m/s hingga 1380,82 m/s, dengan dominasi tipe C yang menunjukkan tanah yang sangat padat. Temuan ini sangat berharga untuk memberikan wawasan yang mendalam mengenai potensi risiko seismik dan mempertimbangkan aspek-aspek penting dalam perencanaan dan pembangunan yang lebih aman di kawasan tersebut.
Design method for zoom systems based on magnification ratio modulation of afocal off-axis three-mirror anastigmat systems
Authors: Qi Yunsheng , Meng Qingyu 
Published: August 2024

Achieving higher resolution and larger zoom ratio is one of the primary goals of zoom optical systems. To this end, we propose a new zoom configuration that combines a modulatable magnification off-axis three-mirror system with a zoom system to expand the zoom ratio of the system. Since the afocal reflective system can easily achieve large optical apertures, this approach is more conducive to meeting the long focal length and high-resolution performance requirements of zoom systems. In this study, through theoretical analysis of the zoom equation, guided by the need to adapt the pupil matching of the combined zoom system, we derived the configuration equations of the off-axis three-mirror afocal system with the exit pupil position as the boundary condition. We established a zoom optical system design method based on a modulatable magnification ratio off-axis three-mirror subsystem. According to the design concept, theoretical analysis, and design method, we provided two high-resolution long focal length zoom system design schemes with a zoom ratio of 12× by applying an off-axis three-mirror afocal system with zoom ratio modulation ranges of 4×-6×-8×, combined with a 1.5× mechanical compensation zoom system. The achieved zoom ranges are 399 mm–4896 mm and 399 mm–4893 mm, respectively. The results of this study provide a novel approach for achieving high-resolution, large zoom ratio systems.
A qualitative exploration of barriers to efficient and effective structured medication reviews in primary care: Findings from the DynAIRx study
Authors: Abuzour Aseel S. , Wilson Samantha A. , Woodall Alan A. , Mair Frances S. , Clegg Andrew , Shantsila Eduard , Gabbay Mark , Abaho Michael , Aslam Asra , Bollegala Danushka , Cant Harriet , Griffiths Alan , Hama Layik , Leeming Gary , Lo Emma , Maskell Simon , O’Connell Maurice , Popoola Olusegun , Relton Samuel , Ruddle Roy A. , Schofield Pieta , Sperrin Matthew , Staa Tjeerd Van , Buchan Iain , Walker Lauren E. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Structured medication reviews (SMRs), introduced in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2020, aim to enhance shared decision-making in medication optimisation, particularly for patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. Despite its potential, there is limited empirical evidence on the implementation of SMRs, and the challenges faced in the process. This study is part of a larger DynAIRx (Artificial Intelligence for dynamic prescribing optimisation and care integration in multimorbidity) project which aims to introduce Artificial Intelligence (AI) to SMRs and develop machine learning models and visualisation tools for patients with multimorbidity. Here, we explore how SMRs are currently undertaken and what barriers are experienced by those involved in them.

Methods
Qualitative focus groups and semi-structured interviews took place between 2022–2023. Six focus groups were conducted with doctors, pharmacists and clinical pharmacologists (n = 21), and three patient focus groups with patients with multimorbidity (n = 13). Five semi-structured interviews were held with 2 pharmacists, 1 trainee doctor, 1 policy-maker and 1 psychiatrist. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
Two key themes limiting the effectiveness of SMRs in clinical practice were identified: ‘Medication Reviews in Practice’ and ‘Medication-related Challenges’. Participants noted limitations to the efficient and effectiveness of SMRs in practice including the scarcity of digital tools for identifying and prioritising patients for SMRs; organisational and patient-related challenges in inviting patients for SMRs and ensuring they attend; the time-intensive nature of SMRs, the need for multiple appointments and shared decision-making; the impact of the healthcare context on SMR delivery; poor communication and data sharing issues between primary and secondary care; difficulties in managing mental health medications and specific challenges associated with anticholinergic medication.

Conclusion
SMRs are complex, time consuming and medication optimisation may require multiple follow-up appointments to enable a comprehensive review. There is a need for a prescribing support system to identify, prioritise and reduce the time needed to understand the patient journey when dealing with large volumes of disparate clinical information in electronic health records. However, monitoring the effects of medication optimisation changes with a feedback loop can be challenging to establish and maintain using current electronic health record systems.
The role of construction of healthcare consortium on the allocation of human resources for primary care resources and its equity in China: A quantitative study
Authors: Li Shijie , Liao Changze , Zhang Shengli 
Published: August 2024

Objectives
This study aims to measure the effect of Construction of Healthcare Consortium (CHC) on the allocation and equity of human resources (HR) for primary health care (PHC) in China, at the same time, it provides some data to support the government’s policies improvement in the next stage.

Methods
Changes in the equity of allocation of HR for PHC by population are demonstrated through a three-stage approach to inequality analysis that includes the Gini coefficient (G), the Theil index (T), the Concentration index (CI) and Concentration curves. Trends in resource allocation from 2021 to 2030 were projected using the GM (1, 1) model.

Results
The average rate of growth in volume of HR for PHC accelerates following the release of CHC in the 2016. Whilst some regions have seen their G and T rise between 2012 and 2016, their levels of inequality of allocation for resource shave gradually declined in the years following 2016, but there are exceptions, with the regions of northeast and northwest seeing the opposite. Eastern and northern region accounted for a larger contribution to intra-regional inequality. Concentration index and concentration curves indicate HR for PHC is related to economic income levels. GM (1, 1) projects a growing trend in allocation of resources from 2021 to 2030, but different regions differ in the average rate of growth of resources.

Conclusions
The inequality of HR for PHC in China is low, however, the inequality between regions has not been eliminated. We still need to take a long-term view to monitor the impact of CHC on the allocation of HR for PHC and its equity in China.
Health impact assessment of port-sourced air pollution in Barcelona
Authors: Mueller Natalie , Cirach Marta , Ambros Albert , Daher Carolyn , Nieuwenhuijsen Mark , Basagaña Xavier 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Air pollution is a major health risk factor. Ports might be an understudied source of air pollution.

Methods
We conducted a spatial health impact assessment (HIA) of port-sourced air pollution for Barcelona for 2017 at the neighbourhood level. Total NO2 and PM10 and port-sourced NO2, PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were available through the ADMS-Urban model. Population data, mortality and morbidity data, and risk estimates were obtained. We followed standard HIA methodologies and calculated relative risks and impact fractions for 1.35 million adults living in 73 neighbourhoods.

Results
The city-wide mean total NO2 and PM10 concentrations were 37.88 μg/m3 (range: 19.61–52.17 μg/m3) and 21.68 μg/m3 (range: 17.33–26.69 μg/m3), respectively, of which 7% (range: 2–36%) and 1% (range: 0–7%) were port-sourced, respectively. The mean port-sourced PM2.5 concentration was 0.19 μg/m3 (range: 0.06–1.38 μg/m3). We estimated that 1,123 (PI: 0–3,060) and 1,230 (95% CI: 0–2,566) premature deaths were attributable to total NO2 and PM10, respectively, of which 8.1% (91; PI: 0–264) and 1.1% (13; 95% CI 0–29) were attributable to port-sourced NO2 and PM10, respectively. 20 (95% CI: 15–26) premature deaths were attributable to port-sourced PM2.5. Additionally, a considerable morbidity burden and losses in life expectancy were attributable to port-sourced air pollution. Neighbourhoods closest to the port in the south-east were most adversely affected, gradually decreasing towards the north-west.

Conclusions
The port is an understudied air pollution source in Barcelona with strong health impacts. Cities need local insight into health risk factors, their sources, attributable burdens and distributions for defining targeted policies.
Characterization and individual-level prediction of cognitive state in the first year after ‘mild’ stroke
Authors: Saa Juan Pablo , Tse Tamara , Koh Gerald Choon-Huat , Yap Philip , Baum Carolyn M. , Uribe-Rivera David E. , Windecker Saras M. , Ma Henry , Davis Stephen M. , Donnan Geoffrey A. , Carey Leeanne M. 
Published: August 2024

Background
Mild stroke affects more than half the stroke population, yet there is limited evidence characterizing cognition over time in this population, especially with predictive approaches applicable at the individual-level. We aimed to identify patterns of recovery and the best combination of demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors predicting individual-level cognitive state at 3- and 12-months after mild stroke.

Methods
In this prospective cohort study, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was administered at 3–7 days, 3- and 12-months post-stroke. Raw changes in MoCA and impairment rates (defined as MoCA<24 points) were compared between assessment time-points. Trajectory clusters were identified using variations of ≥1 point in MoCA scores. To further compare clusters, additional assessments administered at 3- and 12-months were included. Gamma and Quantile mixed-effects regression were used to predict individual MoCA scores over time, using baseline clinical and demographic variables. Model predictions were fitted for each stroke survivor and evaluated using model cross-validation to identify the overall best predictors of cognitive recovery.

Results
Participants’ (n = 119) MoCA scores improved from baseline to 3-months (p<0.001); and decreased from 3- to 12-months post-stroke (p = 0.010). Cognitive impairment rates decreased significantly from baseline to 3-months (p<0.001), but not between 3- and 12-months (p = 0.168). Nine distinct trajectory clusters were identified. Clinical characteristics between clusters at each time-point varied in cognitive outcomes but not in clinical and/or activity participation outcomes. Cognitive performance at 3- and 12-months was best predicted by younger age, higher physical activity levels, and left-hemisphere lesion side.

Conclusion
More than half of mild-stroke survivors are at risk of cognitive decline one year after stroke, even when preceded by a significantly improving pattern in the first 3-months of recovery. Physical activity was the only modifiable factor independently associated with cognitive recovery. Individual-level prediction methods may inform the timing and personalized application of future interventions to maximize cognitive recovery post-stroke.
KARAKTERISTIK KEPRIBADIAN KONSELOR DALAM TOKOH PEWAYANGAN PUNTADEWA
Authors: Caraka N. B Rahadian Bagus , Zuhdi M. Sholihuddin 
Published: August 2024

Counseling is the process of supporting a counselor (client) counselor with the goal of resolving the problems the counselor is experiencing. To support successful counseling, counselors need to pay attention to their personality competencies. These personality competencies are considered important to support the counseling process. However, the commonly used personality traits of advisors are the personality traits of effective advisors who come from abroad and have a different cultural sensibilities than Indonesia. The main purpose of this study is to identify and explain the character of Puntadewa, and the results of identifying and explaining the character of Puntadewa can be used as a reference for Indonesian consultants to develop effective consultant characteristics. To be able to use it. About local culture. The research method used by researchers is qualitative. The type of study used is library study. The results of this study show that there are six personality traits that can be derived from the Puntadewa doll character that can be used as a reference for Indonesian counselors based on local wisdom. (2) Courtesy; (3) Fairness; (4) Wise; (5) Honesty. (6) Simple; (7) patient. Keywords: Characteristics, Counselor, Puntadewa.
UPAYA MEMINIMALISIR AKSI PRANK MELALUI PENANAMAN PENDIDIKAN MORAL PADA REMAJA
Authors: Khoerunisa Nova , Nurus Sa’adah  
Published: August 2024

Prank actions that are increasingly prevalent among teenagers are often without regard to the negative consequences, disrupting social order and reflecting moral decline. It is important to address this issue to protect the younger generation from harmful behavior and raise awareness of social responsibility. The purpose of this study is to discuss efforts to minimize prank actions through moral education in adolescents. Method. Applied in this research namely qualitative descriptive method whose sources are obtained from literature review. The results show that excessive pranks can trigger despicable behavior in adolescents, through the provision of moral education, adolescents will really want to be aware of good and bad things, and have a sense of compassion that can encourage adolescents to rethink their choice to do pranks. Moral education is effective in minimizing the negative impact of pranks by increasing adolescents' ethical awareness and social responsibility.

Keywords: Prank, Moral Education, Teenager.
The Effect of Administration of Sapodilla Leaf Extract Cream (Manilkara Zapota (L.) P. Royen) On the Expression of PDGF And Il-10
Authors: Maharani Sahara , Sumarawati Titiek , Hermansyah Dedi 
Published: August 2024

Background: Sunburn is an acute inflammatory skin condition caused by exposure to UV rays. Excessive exposure increases the production of ROS which, if accumulated, can lyse growth factors, one of which is PDGF and also form IL-10 immune suppression. This condition can be influenced by providing antioxidants and anti-inflammatories such as those contained in sapodilla leaf extract (Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen) which has many benefits such as anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, anti-tumor, antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti- diabetic, anti-lipid and anti-aging. In previous research, the polyphenol content in Sapodilla leaves was a potential source of inhibiting ROS. However, until now the role of Sapodilla leaf extract on UVB burns has not been studied.Objective: The aim of this research is to determine the effect of administering Sapodilla leaf extract cream on PDFG and IL-10 in Wistar rats that experienced burns due to exposure to UVB.Method: Experimental research with a post test only control group design approach. This research used 24 Wistar rats exposed to UVB rays which were divided into 4 groups (normal control, control with cream, 25% Sapodilla leaf extract cream, and 50% Sapodilla leaf extract cream). The ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) method was used to analyze PDGF and IL-10 levels in skin tissue.Results: The highest ratio of PDGF levels was found in (K3) 2.915 ± 0.368. The results of the one way Anova analysis had a p value of 0.024 (p<0.05) which stated that there were significant differences between treatment groups. In IL-10 levels there was an increase in K3 255.9 ± 35,563. In IL-10, the results of one way Anova analysis had a p value of 0.240 (p>0.05), which stated that there were no significant differences between treatment groups.Conclusion: Administration of sapodilla leaf extract cream at a dose of 25% had a significant effect on increasing PDGF levels and a slight increase in IL-10 in mice that experienced burns due to exposure to UVB.