bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coping with catastrophe: the value of endoscopic vascular injury training
Authors: Padhye Vikram , Valentine Rowan , Sacks Raymond , Ooi Eng H. , Teo Charlie , Tewfik Marc , Wang Dehui , Wormald Peter‐John 
Published: December 2014

BackgroundInadvertent injury to the internal carotid artery (ICA), if poorly managed, not only presents a risk of exsanguination but can also result in significant long‐term morbidity. Through the implementation of a novel animal model of endoscopic carotid artery injury (CAI), effective techniques to manage this scenario have been developed. The Vascular Injuries Workshop has trained over 110 surgeons in these techniques. This study reviews events of major arterial hemorrhage managed by surgeons who completed this vascular injury workshop training.MethodsWe report a retrospective multicenter case series of patients who required endoscopic management of intranasal major arterial hemorrhage. Delegates who had attended the course were contacted by e‐mail and surveyed with regard to instances of major arterial bleeding and the management undertaken. Patient demographics, tumor type, factors influencing injury, management technique, and outcomes were reviewed.ResultsThe cases reported herein are characterized as follows: 9 cases are reported in total, 3 male, 6 female; age range 37 to 82 years; 1 basilar artery, and 8 ICA injuries. Each case was successfully managed endoscopically with intraoperative muscle patch application. There were no deaths, 1 case of pseudoaneurysm with successful endovascular treatment, 2 cases of impaired carotid flow, and 1 carotid dissection was conservatively managed. There were no permanent neurological sequelae or other permanent morbidity.ConclusionThe Vascular Injuries Workshop arms surgeons with a structured approach to managing the surgical field and provides effective hemostatic techniques in the face of impending catastrophe. In comparison to the existing literature on ICA rupture, our results show trained surgeons are well equipped to achieve safe outcomes for their patients.
Influence of Ligand Architecture on Oxidation Reactions by High‐Valent Nonheme Manganese Oxo Complexes Using Water as a Source of Oxygen
Authors: Barman Prasenjit , Vardhaman Anil Kumar , Martin Bodo , Wörner Svenja J. , Sastri Chivukula V. , Comba Peter 
Published: December 2014

AbstractMononuclear nonheme MnIVO complexes with two isomers of a bispidine ligand have been synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopies and density functional theory (DFT). The MnIVO complexes show reactivity in oxidation reactions (hydrogen‐atom abstraction and sulfoxidation). Interestingly, one of the isomers (L1) is significantly more reactive than the other (L2), while in the corresponding FeIVO based oxidation reactions the L2‐based system was previously found to be more reactive than the L1‐based catalyst. This inversion of reactivities is discussed on the basis of DFT and molecular mechanics (MM) model calculations, which indicate that the order of reactivities are primarily due to a switch of reaction channels (σ versus π) and concomitant steric effects.
Rational Design of a Humanized Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor Agonist Antibody
Authors: Zhang Yong , Zou Huafei , Wang Ying , Caballero Dawna , Gonzalez Jose , Chao Elizabeth , Welzel Gus , Shen Weijun , Wang Danling , Schultz Peter G. , Wang Feng 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBovine antibody BLV1H12 possesses a unique “stalk–knob” architecture in its ultralong heavy chain CDR3, allowing substitutions of the “knob” domain with protein agonists to generate functional antibody chimeras. We have generated a humanized glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonist antibody by first introducing a coiled‐coil “stalk” into CDR3H of the antibody herceptin. Exendin‐4 (Ex‐4), a GLP‐1 receptor agonist, was then fused to the engineered stalk with flexible linkers, and a Factor Xa cleavage site was inserted immediately in front of Ex‐4 to allow release of the N‐terminus of the fused peptide. The resulting clipped herceptin–Ex‐4 fusion protein is more potent in vitro in activating GLP‐1 receptors than the Ex‐4 peptide. The clipped herceptin–Ex‐4 has an extended plasma half‐life of approximately four days and sustained control of blood glucose levels for more than a week in mice. This work provides a novel approach to the development of human or humanized agonist antibodies as therapeutics.
Excluded‐Volume Effects in Living Cells
Authors: Gnutt David , Gao Mimi , Brylski Oliver , Heyden Matthias , Ebbinghaus Simon 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBiomolecules evolve and function in densely crowded and highly heterogeneous cellular environments. Such conditions are often mimicked in the test tube by the addition of artificial macromolecular crowding agents. Still, it is unclear if such cosolutes indeed reflect the physicochemical properties of the cellular environment as the in‐cell crowding effect has not yet been quantified. We have developed a macromolecular crowding sensor based on a FRET‐labeled polymer to probe the macromolecular crowding effect inside single living cells. Surprisingly, we find that excluded‐volume effects, although observed in the presence of artificial crowding agents, do not lead to a compression of the sensor in the cell. The average conformation of the sensor is similar to that in aqueous buffer solution and cell lysate. However, the in‐cell crowding effect is distributed heterogeneously and changes significantly upon cell stress. We present a tool to systematically study the in‐cell crowding effect as a modulator of biomolecular reactions.
Programmable Engineering of a Biosensing Interface with Tetrahedral DNA Nanostructures for Ultrasensitive DNA Detection
Authors: Lin Meihua , Wang Jingjing , Zhou Guobao , Wang Jianbang , Wu Na , Lu Jianxin , Gao Jimin , Chen Xiaoqing , Shi Jiye , Zuo Xiaolei , Fan Chunhai 
Published: December 2014

AbstractSelf‐assembled DNA nanostructures with precise sizes allow a programmable “soft lithography” approach to engineer the interface of electrochemical DNA sensors. By using millimeter‐sized gold electrodes modified with several types of tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) of different sizes, both the kinetics and thermodynamics of DNA hybridization were profoundly affected. Because each DNA probe is anchored on an individual TDN, its lateral spacing and interactions are finely tuned by the TDN size. By simply varying the size of the TDNs, the hybridization time was decreased and the hybridization efficiency was increased. More significantly, the detection limit for DNA detection was tuned over four orders of magnitude with differentially nanostructured electrodes, and achieved attomolar sensitivity with polymeric enzyme amplification.
Preparation and application of sulfadiazine surface molecularly imprinted polymers with temperature‐responsive properties
Authors: Ma Pengfei , Zhou Zhiping , Yang Wenming , Tang Bingqing , Liu Hong , Xu Wanzhen , Huang Weihong 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTNovel, temperature‐responsive molecularly imprinted polymers (TMIPs) based on potassium hexatitanate whiskers for selectively adsorbing sulfadiazine (SDZ) from aqueous media were prepared with methacrylic acid (MAA) and 4‐vinylpyridine (4‐VP) as cofunctional monomers and N‐isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAM) as a temperature‐responsive monomer. The template–monomer interactions were studied by molecular simulation. In particular, the effects of different kinds of crosslinkers on the selective recognition ability of the TMIPs in water media were investigated. The temperature–responsive adsorption performance and phase behavior of the molecularly imprinted polymers were studied by batch‐mode binding experiments, swelling experiments, and contact angle testing. The results demonstrate that the combination of MAA, 4‐VP, and NIPAM was a favorable temperature‐responsive imprinted system for SDZ in water, and the cocrosslinking agent of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) and N,N′‐methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) was more suitable compared with either pure EGDMA or MBA. The adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms were analyzed by the fitting of different adsorption models. Also, the effect of the temperature on the recovery was investigated by the determination of the spiked SDZ in real‐water samples with solid‐phase extraction and high‐performance liquid chromatography. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41769.
Ion‐transport study in nanocomposite solid polymer electrolytes based on chitosan: Electrical and dielectric analysis
Authors: Aziz Shujahadeen B. , Abidin Zul Hazrin Z. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTIn this study, (1.1111 − x)(0.9CS–0.1NaTf)xAl2O3(0.02 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) [where CS is chitosan, NaTf is sodium triflate (NaCF3SO3), and Al2O3 is aluminum oxide] nanocomposite solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) films based on CS were prepared by a solution casting technique. X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the alumina nanoparticles had a great effect on the structural and morphological behavior of the CS–NaTf (90:10) polymer electrolyte. An investigation of the electrical and dielectric parameters of the nanocomposite SPE films was conducted. Electrical impedance spectroscopy was carried out for this purpose. The relationships between the electrical and dielectric parameters were used to interpret and understand the ion‐conduction mechanism. We observed that the direct‐current conductivity (σdc) and dielectric constant followed the same trend with salt concentration. σdc versus temperature showed the Arrhenius and Vogel‐Fulcher‐Tammann (VTF) regions. The drops of σdc at high temperatures were observed for all of the samples. The ion relaxation dynamics were studied from Argand plots. For the first time, we confirmed the existence of a strong experimental relationship between the high‐frequency semicircle of the impedance plots and the high‐frequency dispersion regions of the alternating‐current conductivity (σac). The dispersion regions of σac were used to study the ion‐conduction mechanism. The behavior of the frequency exponent as a function of the temperature was used to interpret σdc versus the temperature. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41774.
Development and characterization of gelatin–polysaccharide based phase‐separated hydrogels for prevention of sexually transmitted diseases
Authors: Singh Vinay Kumar , Sagiri Sai Sateesh , Khade Shankar Mukund , Bhattacharya Mrinal Kanti , Pal Kunal 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTBacterial vaginosis is a sexually transmitted vaginal infection prevalent in sexually active women. Gelatin–polysaccharide phase‐separated hydrogels were prepared and characterized as vaginal delivery systems for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, maltodextrin, and dextran were used as the representative polysaccharides. The developed gels were characterized by impedance spectrometer, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies, and differential scanning calorimetry. The mucoadhesivity, water absorption, and hemocompatibility of the gels were also studied. The gels were electrically conductive in nature and showed a concentration‐dependent behavior. XRD study suggested the amorphous nature of the hydrogels. An increase in the polysaccharide content increased the water holding capacity of the gels. The gels were found to possess mucoadhesive property and were hemocompatible. Metronidazole, a commonly used drug for treating bacterial vaginosis, loaded gels showed diffusion‐mediated drug release. The drug‐loaded hydrogels showed good antimicrobial activity. In gist, the developed hydrogels may be tried as matrices for vaginal delivery of antimicrobials. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2015,132, 41785.
Combination of temperature and saturated vapor annealing for phase separation of block copolymer
Authors: Švanda Jan , Lyutakov Oleksiy , Vosmanská Vladimíra , Švorčík Václav 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTPhase separation of block copolymer films is a perspective technique for the creation of nanostructured templates. The phase separation can be induced by thermal or vapor solvent annealing. However, a standardized and reproducible technique of the phase separation is still missing, even though many papers describing various experimental conditions. In this article we have tried to develop standardized and reproducible technique of the phase separation, which can be easily scaled up. For this purpose we used the combination of the thermal and vapor annealing of poly(styrene‐b‐4‐vinylpyridine) copolymer films on a glass substrate under static conditions. The technique was tailored by the choice of optimal solvent for the vapor annealing, based on the solvent–polymer interaction. Finally, the films were reconstructed by immersing in methanol or ethanol and stretching of the P4VP component during the reconstruction was investigated by the angle‐resolved X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Morphology of the films was investigated by the atomic force microscopy and confocal microscopy. The kinetics of the phase separation was also studied. The presented combined technique of the thermal and vapor annealing can be easily temperature‐controlled for reproducibly obtaining the films of a desired morphology. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41853.
New 14C dates for Spring Creek and Mowbray Swamp megafauna: XAD‐2 processing
Authors: Gillespie Richard , Wood Rachel , Fallon Stewart , Stafford Thomas W. , Southon John 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBones from extinct Australian marsupials found at Spring Creek, Victoria, and in the Mowbray Swamp, Tasmania, have yielded scattered and anomalously young radiocarbon ages measured on collagen, gelatin or ultrafiltered gelatin. We resampled previously dated material from those two sites and from Mt Cripps, Tasmania, as well as a control sample from Zaglik, Russia, to compare chronologies based on XAD‐2 purified total amino acid fractions and collagen purified by ultrafiltration (UF) or less rigorous methods. Our age from the control site bone gave a similar infinite age, while six out of seven other comparisons yielded radiocarbon ages on total amino acid fractions older than those previously measured on collagen or gelatin. The Palorchestes from Spring Creek yielded a date of >53500 BP.
Stereotypic Rheumatoid Factors That Are Frequently Expressed in Mucosa‐Associated Lymphoid Tissue–Type Lymphomas Are Rare in the Labial Salivary Glands of Patients With Sjögren's Syndrome
Authors: Bende Richard J. , Slot Linda M. , Hoogeboom Robbert , Wormhoudt Thera A. M. , Adeoye Akanbi O. , Guikema Jeroen E. J. , van Noesel Carel J. M. 
Published: December 2014

ObjectiveAmong autoimmune diseases, Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is most strongly associated with the development of malignant B cell lymphoma, in particular mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)–type lymphoma. Previously, we have shown that in ∼40% of cases of salivary gland MALT lymphoma, high‐affinity stereotypic rheumatoid factor (RF) B cell receptors, specific for IgG‐Fc, are expressed. This study was undertaken to investigate whether in the inflamed salivary glands of patients with SS, a similar RF‐biased Ig repertoire is present.MethodsExtensive analyses of the B cell Ig VH region repertoire were performed on microdissected tissue samples from the labial salivary glands of 4 patients with SS.ResultsAll SS labial salivary glands harbored expanded B cell clones, of which 1 or 2 were highly expanded and detected in >50% of the microdissected samples. However, among the identified 464 distinct Ig clonotypes, only 3 stereotypic RF–expressing clones were detected. In 2 patients with SS, an RF‐expressing clone was detected at low frequency in 1 of the microdissected samples, whereas 1 patient with SS harbored a highly expanded RF‐expressing clone that was detected in all microdissected samples and also detected in the peripheral blood. Two years after analysis of this sample, the latter patient developed a diffuse large B cell lymphoma originating from the same RF clone.ConclusionInflamed labial salivary glands in patients with SS generally harbor 1 or 2 highly expanded B cell clones. The repertoire strongly biased toward stereotypic RFs in salivary gland MALT lymphomas is not a reflection of a similar repertoire in the inflamed salivary glands of patients with SS; rather, in the latter, the repertoire is based on a strong selection advantage of incidental stereotypic RF–expressing B cells.
A Large National Cohort of French Patients With Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteitis
Authors: Wipff J. , Costantino F. , Lemelle I. , Pajot C. , Duquesne A. , Lorrot M. , Faye A. , Bader‐Meunier B. , Brochard K. , Despert V. , Jean S. , Grall‐Lerosey M. , Marot Y. , Nouar D. , Pagnier A. , Quartier P. , Job‐Deslandre C. 
Published: December 2014

ObjectiveTo document more fully the characteristics of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) in pediatric patients, to collect data on the outcomes and management of the disease, and to define prognostic factors.MethodsOne hundred seventy‐eight patients were included (123 female patients and 55 male patients), with a mean ± SD age at diagnosis of 10.9 ± 2.9 years. Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of CRMO, evidence of at least one lesion of osteitis confirmed by imaging, and development of the syndrome before age 18 years.ResultsLongitudinal clinical and imaging studies revealed that only 12 of 178 CRMO patients (7%) had unifocal lesions at the last medical visit. We were able to apply the clinical chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis score to 110 of 178 patients (62%), which indicated that bone biopsy could have been avoided in 27 cases (25%). At the last medical visit, disease was in remission in only 73 of 171 patients (43%) (41% receiving therapy) after a mean ± SD of 47.9 ± 38.9 months; 44 of 171 patients (26%) experienced sequelae. Using cluster analysis, the CRMO cohort was separated into 3 homogeneous phenotypes (severe, mild, and intermediate). Patients with the severe phenotype had the worst prognosis. This group was entirely composed of male patients, most of whom had the multifocal form of CRMO and inflammatory syndrome. Patients with the mild phenotype had the best prognosis. This group was primarily composed of female patients with a unifocal form of CRMO and infrequent clavicle involvement and inflammatory syndrome. Patients with the intermediate phenotype had a good prognosis but greater reliance on treatment. This group primarily included female patients with multifocal lesions and inflammatory syndrome.ConclusionThis is the largest CRMO cohort described in the literature to date. Clinical evolution and imaging investigations confirmed the multifocal pattern of the disease. Three distinct subgroups of CRMO patients were distinguished, with very different prognoses.
High Fidelity Between Saliva Proteomics and the Biologic State of Salivary Glands Defines Biomarker Signatures for Primary Sjögren's Syndrome
Authors: Delaleu Nicolas , Mydel Piotr , Kwee Ivo , Brun Johan G. , Jonsson Malin V. , Jonsson Roland 
Published: December 2014

ObjectiveDependence on invasive procedures for classification of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) hampers timely diagnosis and suitable patient followup. The aim of this study was to recapitulate the diagnosis of SS through noninvasive means and to define the biologic state of SS patients' salivary glands.MethodsUsing a 187‐plex capture antibody–based assay, salivary proteomic biomarker profiles were generated from patients with primary SS, patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and asymptomatic controls. Discriminant function analyses and Gene Ontology–based network analyses allowed data analyses with a reductionist approach and with a focus on systems biology.ResultsCharacterized by significant changes in 61 and 55 proteins, respectively, the salivary proteome of SS patients appeared profoundly altered compared to that of individuals without SS. On this basis, 4‐plex and 6‐plex biomarker signatures, both including interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), IL‐5, and clusterin, achieved accurate prediction of an individual's group membership for at least 94% of cases. Of note, all misclassified SS patients presented with ectopic germinal center–like structures. Systematic inference of biologic meaning identified SS‐related protein patterns delineating B cell–dominated immune responses, macrophage differentiation, and signs of T cell chemotaxis. In addition, proteomic Multi‐Analyte Profiles provided insight about proteins related to collagen, cytokine, and growth factor synthesis as well as lipid transport.ConclusionThe SS‐related molecular landscape conveyed by saliva showed great congruence with histopathologic features found in SS and advances understanding of this disease at a molecular level. Such salivary biomarker signatures harbor great potential for improving timeliness of SS diagnosis and enabling suitable patient followup.
A traffic assignment model for a ridesharing transportation market
Authors: Xu Huayu , Ordóñez Fernando , Dessouky Maged 
Published: December 2014

SummaryA nascent ridesharing industry is being enabled by new communication technologies and motivated by the many possible benefits, such as reduction in travel cost, pollution, and congestion. Understanding the complex relations between ridesharing and traffic congestion is a critical step in the evaluation of a ridesharing enterprise or of the convenience of regulatory policies or incentives to promote ridesharing. In this work, we propose a new traffic assignment model that explicitly represents ridesharing as a mode of transportation. The objective is to analyze how ridesharing impacts traffic congestion, how people can be motivated to participate in ridesharing, and, conversely, how congestion influences ridesharing, including ridesharing prices and the number of drivers and passengers. This model is built by combining a ridesharing market model with a classic elastic demand Wardrop traffic equilibrium model. Our computational results show that (i) the ridesharing base price influences the congestion level, (ii) within a certain price range, an increase in price may reduce the traffic congestion, and (iii) the utilization of ridesharing increases as the congestion increases. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High yields of active Thermus thermophilus proline dehydrogenase are obtained using maltose‐binding protein as a solubility tag
Authors: Huijbers Mieke M.E. , van Berkel Willem J.H. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractProline dehydrogenase (ProDH) catalyzes the FAD‐dependent oxidation of proline to Δ1‐pyrroline‐5‐carboxylate, the first step of proline catabolism in many organisms. Next to being involved in a number of physiological processes, ProDH is of interest for practical applications because the proline imino acid can serve as a building block for a wide range of peptides and antibiotics. ProDH is a membrane‐associated protein and recombinant soluble forms of the enzyme have only been obtained in limited amounts. We here report on the heterologous production of ProDH from Thermus thermophilus (TtProDH) in Escherichia coli. Using maltose‐binding protein as solubility tag, high yields of active holoenzyme are obtained. Native TtProDH can be produced from cleaving the purified fusion protein with trypsin. Size‐exclusion chromatography shows that fused and clipped TtProDH form oligomers. Thermal stability and co‐solvent tolerance indicate the conformational robustness of TtProDH. These properties together with the high yield make TtProDH attractive for industrial applications.