bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between Electronic Health Records and Health Care Utilization
Authors: Edwards A. , Kern L.M. , Kaushal R. ,   with the HITEC Investigators
Published: January 2015

SummaryBackground: The federal government is investing approximately $20 billion in electronic health records (EHRs), in part to address escalating health care costs. However, empirical evidence that provider use of EHRs decreases health care costs is limited.Objective: To determine any association between EHRs and health care utilization.Methods: We conducted a cohort study (2008–2009) in the Hudson Valley, a multi-payer, multi-provider community in New York State. We included 328 primary care physicians in predominantly small practices (median practice size four primary care physicians), who were caring for 223,772 patients. Data from an independent practice association was used to determine adoption of EHRs. Claims data aggregated across five commercial health plans was used to characterize seven types of health care utilization: primary care visits, specialist visits, radiology tests, laboratory tests, emergency department visits, hospital admissions, and readmissions. We used negative binomial regression to determine associations between EHR adoption and each utilization outcome, adjusting for ten physician characteristics.Results: Approximately half (48%) of the physicians were using paper records and half (52%) were using EHRs. For every 100 patients seen by physicians using EHRs, there were 14 fewer specialist visits (adjusted p < 0.01) and 9 fewer radiology tests (adjusted p = 0.01). There were no significant differences in rates of primary care visits, laboratory tests, emergency department visits, hospitalizations or readmissions.Conclusions: Patients of primary care providers who used EHRs were less likely to have specialist visits and radiology tests than patients of primary care providers who did not use EHRs.Citation: Kaushal R, Edwards A, Kern LM, with the HITEC Investigators. Association between electronic health records and health care utilization. Appl Clin Inf 2015; 6: 42–55http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2014-10-RA-0089
Reliability, factor structure, and construct validity of the Polish version of the sport imagery ability measure
Authors: Budnik-Przybylska Dagmara , Karasiewicz Karol , Morris Tony , Watt Anthony 
Published: January 2015

<b>Background</b><br />
An important component of mental training in sport is the utilization of positive imagery. The “human brain cannot distinguish between an imagined experience and a real experience. The same areas of the brain light up in an imagined experience or imagined performance as in a real experience or performance. For that reason, positive performance imagery has enormous potential” (Orlick, 2008, p. 101). Imagery “has been described as a centre pillar of applied sport psychology” research (Morris, Spittle, & Perry, 2004, p. 344). The aim of the present study was to examine reliability and validity characteristics of the Polish language version of the Sport Imagery Ability Measure (SIAM).<br />
<br />
<b>Participants and procedure</b><br />
Polish athletes (N = 316) from a range of sports and competitive levels completed the 48 item SIAM. The participants (163 male, 153 female) were aged between 12 and 57 years (M = 22.15, SD = 8.25).<br />
<br />
<b>Results</b><br />
Results indicated that the SIAM had sound internal consistency and maintained good stability over a 3-week period. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the a priori 3-factor structure of the SIAM resulted in a set of acceptable and poor fit indices (CFI = .91, NFI = .90, RMSEA = .12). Finally, differences in athletes’ imagery abilities were examined in relation to competitive level, gender, and age.<br />
<br />
<b>Conclusions</b><br />
Overall, results generally supported the reliability and construct validity of the Polish version of the SIAM.
The risk of muscle dysmorphia and the perception of change in retrospective, current and ideal self-image – preliminary study
Authors: Mącik Dorota , Kowalska-Dąbrowska Monika 
Published: January 2015

<b>Background</b><br />
A specific type of causes of extended training and gym exercises is muscle dysmorphia. People with this disorder think that their current appearance is not satisfactory, and the focus on the perceived defect is great. The perceived defect usually is connected with body and muscle mass and body shape. According to the conceptual model of dysmorphia proposed by Grieve (2007), the aim of the study was to verify the thesis that the risk of muscle dysmorphia is associated with the negative self-image generalized based on physical appearance.<br />
<br />
<b>Participants and procedure</b><br />
Twelve women and 18 men, fulfilling the criteria of exercise addiction according to Pope, filled out the ACL scale, answering the questions concerning what kind of person they were before training, who they are now and what kind of person they would like to be. Also, they answered freely the questions concerning their feelings about training.<br />
<br />
<b>Results</b><br />
A significant difference between perceived retrospective and current self-image was observed. The people examined became, in their opinion, more self-confident, more dominating and independent, and they described themselves in more positive categories. However, there still is relatively a lot of aggression and anxiety. The analysis of the ideal self-image indicates that the presented image performs – at least partly – the defence mechanism role. This is also confirmed by the analysis of the statements of the subjects examined, especially the question about the benefits resulting from the training.<br />
<br />
<b>Conclusions</b><br />
The results confirm the role of the negative self-image in the risk of muscle dysmorphia. The exercises change self-assessment, but they do not solve the problems that were the reason for it. The characteristics of these problems in further research will facilitate therapy planning.
Language abilities in preschool-aged siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders – preliminary report
Authors: Pisula Ewa , Ziegart-Sadowska Karolina , Kawa Magdalena 
Published: January 2015

<b>Background</b><br />
The characteristics of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) observed among relatives of people affected with autism are referred to as broader autism phenotype (BAP). Among the components of BAP are language and communication skills. Research to date on these skills amongst the relatives of individuals with ASD is inconclusive. Furthermore, limited data are available about preschool-aged siblings of children with ASD.<br />
<br />
<b>Participants and procedure</b><br />
Eighty-six children aged 4 years and 6 months – 6 years and 11 months took part in the study (32 girls and 54 boys). They were divided into four groups: siblings of children with autism (S/ASD), high-functioning children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (HF/ASD), siblings of children with Down syndrome (S/DS) and siblings of typically developing children (Controls, C). Communication and language skills were tested using the Vocabulary Test for Children (TSD). It was used to assess two kinds of verbal skills: receptive language (passive) and expressive language (active).<br />
<br />
<b>Results</b><br />
No differences were observed in expressive lanquage or receptive language between siblings of children with ASD and siblings of children with DS as well as typically developing children. In terms of receptive language and general communication skills, siblings of children with ASD scored higher than high functioning children with ASD. High functioning children with ASD displayed difficulties with receptive language, expressive language, general language and communication skills.<br />
<br />
<b>Conclusions</b><br />
The results suggest that siblings of children with ASD do not display deficits in communication and language skills. It is however important to note that due to a small sample size this study should be considered as preliminary.
New directions in the treatment of degenerative disc disease
Authors: Gasik Robert 
Published: January 2015

Zmiany zwyrodnieniowe krążków międzykręgowych to jedna z najczęstszych przyczyn zespołów bólowych kręgosłupa. Leczenie zachowawcze, farmakoterapia i rehabilitacja są ukierunkowane na zniesienie objawów bólowych, ale nie wpływają na ich przyczynę. Dotychczasowe techniki w leczeniu operacyjnym znosiły natomiast przyczynę bólu, nie wpływając jednak na hamowanie procesu degeneracyjnego krążków. Przyszłością w leczeniu zmian zwyrodnieniowo-degeneracyjnych krążka międzykręgowego są omówione w artykule metody oddziałujące na jego odżywienie, poprawę uwodnienia i regenerację.
Pain intensity in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis with respect to the level of their activity and disease acceptance
Authors: Cepuch Grażyna , Tomaszek Lucyna , Trybek-Bronowicz Małgorzata 
Published: January 2015

<b>Cel pracy:</b> Rozpoznanie choroby przewlekłej, jaką jest młodzieńcze idiopatyczne zapalenie stawów (MIZS), wpływa negatywnie na aktywność młodego człowieka. Dodatkowo ból towarzyszący chorobie może też w znaczny sposób powodować trudności z jej zaakceptowaniem. Celem pracy była ocena stopnia natężenia bólu oraz stopnia aktywności i akceptacji choroby przez młodzież w wieku 14–18 lat z MIZS.<br />
<b>Materiał i metody</b>: Grupę badawczą stanowiła młodzież obojga płci w wieku 14–18 lat z MIZS w okresie remisji. Badaniami objęto 50 osób. W badaniu zastosowano: skalę numeryczną (NRS 0–10), drabinę Cantila, skalę aktywności własnego autorstwa (pogrupowane pozycje kwestionariusza tworzą podskale: zmęczenia, aktywności fizycznej, aktywności społecznej, aktywności intelektualnej) oraz skalę akceptacji choroby (AIS). Analizę statystyczną przeprowadzono za pomocą testów: Manna-Whitneya, Wilcoxona, χ2, Fishera, korelacji rang Spearmana. Do obliczeń przyjęto istotność statystyczną p < 0,05.<br />
<b>Wyniki</b>: Większość badanych osób nie odczuwa obecnie bólu lub odczuwa go w niewielkim stopniu. Młodzież wykazuje dużą aktywność w sferze fizycznej, psychicznej i społecznej. Przeważająca część pacjentów akceptuje swoją chorobę. Chorzy odczuwający ból określany w skali NRS na 4–7 pkt gorzej adaptują się do życia z chorobą w porównaniu z pacjentami bez dolegliwości bólowych albo odczuwających ból o słabym nasileniu. Stwierdzono wysoką korelację pomiędzy akceptacją choroby w chwili badania określoną za pomocą drabiny Cantrila i skali AIS.<br />
<b>Wnioski</b>: 1. Ból odczuwany przez chorych na MIZS ma niewątpliwie negatywny wpływ na poziom ich aktywności oraz stopień akceptacji choroby. 2. Wydaje się kluczowe uznanie bólu jako znaczącego wykładnika akceptacji choroby.
Marfan syndrome – typical musculoskeletal abnormalities, rare occurrence in children
Authors: Żuber Zbigniew , Solakiewicz Anna , Turowska-Heydel Dorota , Sobczyk Małgorzata 
Published: January 2015

Zespół Marfana (MFS) jest chorobą tkanki łącznej, genetycznie uwarunkowaną, dziedziczoną w sposób autosomalny dominujący. Przyczyną choroby jest mutacja w genie fibryliny 1 (FBN1) znajdującym się na chromosomie 15, w wyniku aktywowania transformującego czynnika wzrostu β. Ponieważ MFS dotyczy większości narządów i tkanek, pacjenci z tą chorobą stanowią niejednorodną grupę pod względem objawów klinicznych. W przebiegu MFS dochodzi do zmian i zaburzeń funkcji w obrębie układu mięśniowo-szkieletowego, narządu wzroku, serca i naczyń krwionośnych. Z uwagi na duże ryzyko wystąpienia powikłań sercowo-naczyniowych oraz ocznych, które są wynikiem stopniowego poszerzania aorty i ektopii soczewki, rokowanie w tej chorobie może być niepomyślne. <br />
W artykule przedstawiono przypadek zespołu Marfana z typowymi zaburzeniami układu mięśniowo-szkieletowego.
Controlled Retrieval of Specific Context Information in Children and Adults
Authors: REIMER JASON F. , ARMENDAREZ JOSEPH J. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This study adapted a procedure used by Luo and Craik (2009) to examine whether developmental differences exist in the ability to use controlled retrieval processes to access the contextual details of memory representations. Participants from 3 age groups (mean ages 9, 12, and 25 years) were presented with words in 3 study contexts: with a black-and-white picture, with a color picture, or alone without a picture. Six recognition tests were then presented that varied in the demands (high or low) placed on the retrieval of specific contextual information. Each test consisted of a mixture of words that were old targets from 1 study context, distractors (i.e., previously studied words from a different context), and completely new words. A high-specificity and a low-specificity test list was paired with each test question, with high and low specificity being determined by the nature of the distractors used in a test list. High-specificity tests contained words that were studied in similar contexts: old targets (e.g., words studied with black-and-white pictures) and distractors (e.g., words studied with color pictures). In contrast, low-specificity tests contained words that were studied in dissimilar contexts: old targets (e.g., words studied with black-and-white pictures) and distractors (e.g., words previously studied without a picture). Relative to low-specificity tests, the retrieval conditions of high-specificity tests were assumed to place greater demands on the controlled access of specific contextual information. Analysis of recollection scores revealed that age differences were present on highbut not low-specificity tests, with the performance of 9-year-olds disproportionately affected by the retrieval demands of high-specificity tests.
When Do We Use Automatic Tools Rather Than Doing a Task Manually? Influence of Automatic Tool Speed
Authors: NAVARRO JORDAN , OSIURAK FRANÇOIS 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
In our everyday lives we tend to minimize effort, by using automatic tools, for instance. But we also tend to avoid idleness by engaging in various activities. What happens when minimizing effort and avoiding idleness are concurrent? This article explores the influence of waiting time as compared with a fixed manual task completion on people’s preference for waiting or doing the task. In 2 experiments, participants were asked to choose performing a manual task or waiting while an automatic tool performed the task for them. The time required by the automatic tool to complete the task was manipulated and was equal to or shorter than the time needed for manual completion. Results indicated that the faster the automatic tool (i.e., the shorter the waiting time) the more participants used it instead of doing the task manually. However, participants favored the waiting option only when the waiting time was less than half as long as doing the task manually. These results suggest that people prefer to avoid idleness rather than to minimize effort.
Vektör gözlemleri ile küçük uydularda yönelim belirleme yöntemleri
Authors: ÇİLDEN Demet , HACIZADE Cengiz 
Published: January 2015

ÖzetUzay teknolojisinde yaşanan gelişmeler ile birlikte küçük uyduların uzay görevlerinde kullanılma sıklığındaki artış, bu uyduların yönelim belirleme yöntemleri konusunda yapılan bilimsel çalışmaların artmasını da beraberinde getirmiştir. Kütle ve boyutlarının küçük olmasının yanında ucuz olmaları da alt sistemlerinin ayrı ayrı test edilebilmesi ve hatta ilerleyen teknolojinin getirisiyle üretilebilecek tüm alt sistemlerin çeşitli uzay görevlerinde daha sık kullanılması için önemli bir parametre durumundadır.Bu çalışmada, Wahba’nın hata fonksiyonunu minimuma indirmek amaçlı kullanılan yöntemlerden bazıları iki vektör kullanılarak kıyaslanmıştır. Bu iki vektör, güneş ile manyetik alan vektörleri, sensör verileri ve oluşturulmuş modeller sonucunda elde edilmiştir. Bu yöntemlerin, tekillik sorunu olmaksızın çözüm üretebilmesi için hesaplarda kuvaterniyonlar kullanılmış, sonucunda ise hata hesabı yapması amaçlanmıştır. Kullanılan metodlar hız ve doğruluk açısından karşılaştırıldığı gibi anlık hata analizi de burada önemli bir parametre olmaktadır. Böylece yöntemler arası geçiş anları dahi belirlenebilmektedir. Teknolojinin gelişme göstermesi bilgisayar ortamında yapılan işlem hızları arasındaki farkı küçültse de bu farklılıkları gözetmek uzay ortamında gerekli olacak anlık değişimleri algılama yetisine sahip olmayı da sağlar. Dayanıklılığın önemli olduğu bu çalışmada, simülasyonlar da bunu açıkça ortaya koymuş ve kabul edilebilir bir yönelim tahmini yapılmıştır.
ATMOSFERİK GEÇİŞ YAPAN ARAÇ ETRAFINDA NAVIER-STOKES DENKLEMLERİ İLE ÜÇ BOYUTLU HİPERSONİK AKIŞ ANALİZİ
Authors: ÖZGÜN Muharrem , EYİ Sinan 
Published: January 2015

ÖZETBu çalışmada hipersonik akışlar için kullanılabilecek isabetli ve etkin bir hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiği kodu geliştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Akış analizi üç boyutlu Navier-Stokes denklemlerini temel almaktadır. Bu denklemler Newton metoduyla çözülmekte ve Jacobian matrislerini hesaplamak için analitik metot kullanılmaktadır. Model olarak alınan AS-202 Apollo uzay aracı geometrisi üzerinde akış parametreleri ve taşınımla ısı transferi analiz edilecektir. Ayrıca nümerik olarak stabil olan ve genelde hipersonik akış uygulamalarında iyi tahminler sağlayan Spalart-Allmaras türbülans modeli kullanılarak hipersonik akış için türbülanslı akış analizi yapılacaktır.
Comparison of Pre and Post LASIK Corneal Thickness by Orbscan, Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography, Specular Microscopy, Ultrasonic Pachymetry
Authors: Rajput Metu , Tandon Charu , Sridhar Uma 
Published: January 2015

Background :
To measure corneal thickness by Orbscan, Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography, Specular microscopy, Ultrasonic pachymetry Pre and Post LASIK and to compare the four techniques.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care eye hospital to compare corneal thickness by orbscan, anterior segment optical coherence tomography, specular microscopy, ultrasonic pachymetry pre and post LASIK in 50 subjects (100 eyes).

Results:
Baseline mean CCT measured with ORBSCAN was 556.73 ± 17.07, with ULTPACH was 544.13 ± 16.94, with SPEC was 544.55 ± 18.98 and with ASOCT was 544.61 ± 16.39. There was statistically significant difference in mean CCT among orbscan and the other three methods (P <0.001) preoperatively. On postoperative day 7, mean CCT measured with ORBSCAN was 456.60 ± 30.41, with ULTPACH was 475.02 ± 22.26, with SPEC was 472.06 ± 22.99, and with ASOCT was 475.75 ± 24.17. There was statistically significant difference in mean CCT among orbscan, and the other three techniques namely, ultrasonic pachymetry, specular microscopy, anterior segment optical coherence tomography on postoperative day 7 (p <0.001). On postoperative day 30, mean CCT measured with ORBSCAN was 459.32 ± 27.40, with ULTPACH was 480.95 ± 24.88, with SPEC was 475.31 ± 23.20, and with ASOCT was 479.12 ± 23.83. This also showed statistically significant difference in mean CCT between orbscan, and the other three methods.(P <0.001).

Conclusion:
Ultrasonic pachymetry is considered as the gold standard method of measuring CCT and it compares favourably with specular microscopy and AS OCT. Orbscan has a tendency to overestimate pre LASIK and underestimate post LASIK.
Along‐axis variation in crustal thickness at the ultraslow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge (50°E) from a wide‐angle seismic experiment
Authors: Niu Xiongwei , Ruan Aiguo , Li Jiabiao , Minshull T. A. , Sauter Daniel , Wu Zhenli , Qiu Xuelin , Zhao Minghui , Chen Y. John , Singh Satish 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) is characterized by an ultraslow spreading rate, thin crust, and extensive outcrops of serpentinized peridotite. Previous studies have used geochemical and geophysical data to suggest the presence of a thicker crust at the central and shallowest portions of the SWIR, from the Prince Edward (35°30′E) to the Gallieni (52°20′E) fracture zones. Here we present a new analysis of wide‐angle seismic data along the ridge 49°17′E–50°49′E. Our main conclusions are as follows: (1) we find an oceanic layer 2 of roughly constant thickness and steep velocity gradient, underlain by a layer 3 with variable thickness and low velocity gradient; (2) the crustal thickness varies from ∼5 km beneath nontransform discontinuities (NTDs) up to ∼10 km beneath a segment center; (3) the melt supply is focused in segment centers despite a small NTD between adjacent segments; (4) the presence of a normal upper mantle velocity indicates that no serpentinization occurs beneath this thick crust. Our observation of thick crust at an ultraslow spreading ridge adds further complexity to relationships between crustal thickness and spreading rate, and supports previous suggestions that the extent of mantle melting is not a simple function of spreading rate, and that mantle temperature or chemistry (or both) must vary significantly along axis.
Long‐term inverse modeling of Asian dust: Interannual variations of its emission, transport, deposition, and radiative forcing
Authors: Yumimoto Keiya , Takemura Toshihiko 
Published: January 2015

AbstractInverse modeling of Asian dust over the 8 year period 2005–2012 was performed with the Spectral Radiation‐Transport Model for Aerosol Species/four‐dimensional variational (SPRINTARS/4D‐Var) data assimilation system and satellite‐measured aerosol optical thickness over the ocean. We validated the inversion results with independent measurements provided by ground‐based and space‐based lidar and various in situ measurements. The inversion results were used to analyze interannual variations of Asian dust fluxes and relationships of these fluxes with climate indices. Dust emissions from central China and the Mongolian Plateau were 229–384 Tg yr−1. The standard deviation of 55.3 Tg yr−1 reflected large interannual variability. The frequency of dust storms and the beginning of the dust season in the source region also showed interannual variations. There was a meridional shift of the outflow path from the continent; the transport core was centered at 40–45°N during southern transport years (2006–2007) and at 35–40°N during northern transport years (2005 and 2008–2012). The fact that dust deposition showed a significant positive correlation with satellite‐measured chlorophyll concentrations indicated that settled Asian dust enhanced phytoplankton blooms in the eastern North Pacific. Dust emissions were positively and negatively correlated with the Far Eastern Zonal and Dynamical Normalized Seasonality indices, respectively, the implication being that a strong meridional pressure gradient over the source region and a strong winter monsoon favor dust emission. The fact that the Southern Oscillation Index was positively correlated with dust emission, transport, and deposition suggests that Asian dust is affected by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation cycle and is enhanced during the La Niña phase.