bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CircDYRK1A regulates bovine myoblasts development by binding miR21‐5p to affect KLF5 gene expression
Authors: Yang Peng , Li Xinmiao , Du Lei , Lyu Shijie , Zhang Zijing , Lin Fengpeng , Qi Xinglei , Liu Xian , Wang Eryao , Lei Chuzhao , Huang Yongzhen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCircular RNA (circRNA), a stable ring‐shaped RNA molecule found in eukaryotic cells, plays significant roles in biological regulation, particularly by interfering with transcription factor binding or enhancing gene expression. Using transcriptomic sequencing, we identified differentially expressed circRNAs in bovine muscle at various time points. Specifically, circDYRK1A was discovered and shown to enhance differentiation while suppressing proliferation of adult myoblasts. Rescue experiments further demonstrated that circDYRK1A regulates the KLF5 gene expression by interacting with miR21‐5p, thus exerting its influence at the transcriptional level. This study marks the first identification of circDYRK1A in cattle and elucidates its role in bovine myoblast development through the circDYRK1A‐miR21‐5p‐KLF5 regulatory axis. These findings contribute novel insights into molecular breeding of cattle and advance fundamental research on beef cattle breeding and muscle development.
A preliminary randomized controlled study of the PEERS® program for Taiwanese autistic adolescents: The effectiveness on reducing school bullying and enhancing social function
Authors: Hsiao Mei‐Ni , Chien Yi‐Ling , Tai Yueh‐Ming , Chen Heng‐Man , Shih Hsien‐Hsueh , Chen Li‐Wei , Chen Yu‐Ying , Soong Wei‐Tsuen , Chiu Yen‐Nan , Tsai Wen‐Che , Laugeson Elizabeth , Tseng Mei‐Hui , Gau Susan Shur‐Fen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIndividuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience lifelong social communication challenges and are more vulnerable to school bullying. Addressing their social difficulties and school bullying requires evidence‐based interventions. PEERS® (Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills) was adapted and translated for Taiwanese adolescents. This randomized controlled study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the Taiwanese version of PEERS® in reducing school bullying and enhancing social function among autistic adolescents. Twenty‐one autistic adolescents (mean age 14.29 ± 1.67 years; female n = 733.33%) were randomized to a treatment group (TG, n = 10) or a delayed treatment control group (DTG, n = 11). The outcome measures (school bullying, social challenges, social skills knowledge, and social skills performance) were assessed at baseline, post‐treatment, and follow‐up. The group and time interaction analyses revealed greater magnitudes of reduction in general school bullying (p < 0.001), victimization (p < 0.001), perpetration (p = 0.012), social challenges (p = 0.001), and peer conflicts (p < 0.001), and improvement in social knowledge (p < 0.001) in the TG group than the DTG group. The findings suggest that the PEERS® program tailored for Taiwanese adolescents is effective in reducing school bullying, decreasing social challenges, and enhancing social skills among autistic adolescents, with very large effect sizes (Cohen's d ranging from 1.19 to 2.88). Consequently, participation in the PEERS® program is recommended for adolescents with social difficulties to improve their social communication and interactions to offset school bullying and other social challenges related to adverse outcomes.
More similar than different: Characterizing special interests in autistic boys and girls based on caregiver report
Authors: Brown Cynthia E. , Bernardin Courtney J. , Beauchamp Marshall T. , Kanne Stephen M. , Nowell Kerri P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlmost all autistic youths have special interests (SIs), which are focused, intense areas of passion and interest in a particular topic. Emerging research suggests that there are gender differences in SIs among autistic youth; however, commonly used measures that assess for the presence of SIs may not fully capture the granular nature of those differences between autistic boys and girls. Characterizing these differences is important for autism identification in girls, as SIs in autistic girls may often be overlooked by caregivers, teachers, and clinicians due to their more “typical” and more socially oriented content areas compared to autistic boys. This study therefore aimed to more fully characterize gender differences in SIs using a newly developed caregiver‐report measure of SIs (the Special Interests Survey; SIS). Caregivers of 1921 autistic youth completed the SIS. Analyses revealed many similarities between boys and girls; there were no gender differences in mean age SI onset, caregivers' perceptions of uniqueness or interferences of endorsed SIs, or duration of previous SIs. There were gender differences in endorsement of less than half (39%) of the SI categories measured, and there were minor differences in the number of endorsed current and past SIs. Categories with significant gender differences fell along typical gender lines (e.g., more boys interested in math and construction, more girls interested in animals and arts/crafts). This study extends the growing literature on SIs and gender differences in autism and has important implications for supporting autistic youth and their families.
Quercetin and its derivatives from lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) seedpod extract combat radioresistance by suppressing ACSL4
Authors: Nguyen Phuong Anh , Kwon Yun‐Suk , Kim Nam‐Yi , Lee Munseon , Hwang In Hyun , Kim Soyoung 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRadioresistance poses a significant obstacle in cancer treatment. Lotus seedpod extract (LSE) has demonstrated anticancer effects in various cancer cells. However, its potential against radioresistant tumors remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of LSE on radioresistant breast cancer cells, explore the underlying mechanism, and identify the major constituents responsible for its cytotoxic effect. LSE, extracted using 70% ethanol, exhibited selective cytotoxic effects against radioresistant breast cancer cells compared with their parental cells. Chemical analysis identified quercetin and its derivatives, hyperoside and miquelianin, as the major constituents responsible for these selective effects. Notably, quercetin displayed the most potent cytotoxicity against radioresistant breast cancer cells compared with hyperoside and miquelianin. Further investigation revealed that these compounds inhibited the activation of DNA repair systems, leading to the accumulation of DNA damage and the induction of apoptosis. Importantly, they efficiently suppressed the expression of ACSL4, a factor previously associated with radioresistance. In an in vivo study, quercetin exhibited a significant suppression of tumor growth in radioresistant tumor‐bearing mice. Taken together, our findings highlight the potential of LSE and its major constituents, quercetin and its derivatives, in overcoming radioresistance in breast cancer. This study provides compelling evidence to support the use of LSE as a medicinal source for the future adjunctive therapy to combat radioresistance in breast cancers.
Learning beyond books: A hybrid model to learn real‐world problems
Authors: Anwar Zeeshan , Afzal Hammad , Iltaf Naima 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThere are several initiatives underway to improve the learning of software developers. These attempts include the integration of GitHub into software engineering classes, the creation of learning management systems, gamification approaches, and collaborative learning platforms. These initiatives have demonstrated promise in boosting students' collaborative growth and cooperation abilities, emphasizing their potential influence on improving learning experiences in practical areas. Books, on the other hand, remain basic in education, but their physical size limits their ability to explore all practical elements of a topic in depth. This limitation requires more research and application of theoretical information in real‐world circumstances. In this work, we address the issue of limited space in traditional books that frequently prevents complete presentation of practical elements of a topic. To address this issue, we propose an application that improves the reading experience and accelerates the learning process. To anticipate themes, we use a combination of latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) algorithms and a generative pre‐trained transformer. First, utilizing LDA to find potential topic keywords inside the text and then leveraging generative pretrained transformer to predict topic names based on the LDA produced keywords. In addition, a query builder module produces and executes queries depending on the current page's topic, obtaining real‐world issues from Stack Overflow. The system classifies results by query‐title similarity, question‐answer ranking, and content quality before displaying them to users. This bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application. We illustrate the usefulness of suggested tool using simulations, comparison with existing tools and user studies. The majority of users provide favorable comments and find it interesting and helpful for improving the learning process.
N2H4 Derived Sulfonic Acids: Hydrazine Disulfonate, [(SO3)HNNH(SO3)]2−, and Hydrazine Iso‐disulfonate, [H2NN(SO3)2]2−
Authors: Rennebaum Tobias , Gerven David van , Herwede Felix C. H. , Wickleder Mathias S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe reaction of hydrazinium sulfate and chlorosulfonic acid in pyridine leads to the pyridinium salt of the hydrazine disulfonate anion, [(SO3)HNNH(SO3)]2−. The salt is the starting material for the preparation of further hydrazine disulfonates, for example of alkaline metals and barium. In all compounds, the [(SO3)HNNH(SO3)]2− anion adopts the gauche conformation. The conformer is chiral but all of the investigated compounds crystallize as racemates. The disulfonate anion can occur in another constitution with the two sulfonate groups attached to only one nitrogen atom. This so‐called hydrazine iso‐disulfonate, [H2NN(SO3)2]2−, has been prepared through a substitution reaction between potassium imidodisulfonate, K2[HN(SO3)2], and hydroxylamine‐O‐sulfonic acid, H2NOSO3H. The hydrazine iso‐disulfonate anion has been crystallized as potassium and barium compound, respectively. The compounds were characterized by XRD, vibrational spectroscopy, DFT calculations and thermal analyses.
Deuteration Degree Controllable Synthesis of Aryl Deuteromethyl Ethers Through Dual photoredox and Thiol Catalysis
Authors: Yang Junjie , Li Zhongxian , Huang Zhihui , Zhu Jun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHerein, we report a facile and efficient deuteration degree controllable method for the preparation of aryl deuteromethyl ethers through dual photoredox and thiol catalysis using phenols as the starting materials and inexpensive D2O and CDCl3 as the deuterium sources. All aryl d1, d2, and d3 deuteromethyl ethers can be precisely prepared with good to excellent yields and deuteration ratios. The reaction operates under mild conditions without the need for high temperatures or high loading of transition metal catalysts, and a wide range of functional groups are well tolerated.
Photoinduced Deoxygenative C2 Arylation of Quinoline N‐oxides with Phenylhydrazines to 2‐Arylquinolines over Porous Tubular Graphitic Carbon Nitride Semiconductor Photocatalyst
Authors: Zhang Wenjie , Xu Hang , Huang Zezhao , Hu Yan , Luo Lin , Zhu Li , Yao Xiaoquan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe photo‐induced deoxygenative C2 arylation of quinoline N‐oxides to 2‐arylquinolines is achieved over a heterogeneous porous tubular graphitic carbon nitride (PTCN) catalyst with phenylhydrazines as arylation reagent. A wide range of quinoline N‐oxides can be efficiently transformed into their corresponding 2‐arylquinolines under visible light irradiation. Moreover, PTCN catalyst is easily separated and could be reused several times without loss to its original activity.
Evaluating canopy morphology as predictive indicators of shade tolerance in three warm‐season turfgrass species
Authors: Baxter Lisa L. , Fox J. L. , Jespersen D. , Snider J. L. , Zhang J. , Schwartz Brian M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractImproving shade tolerance is critical for development of new turfgrass cultivars in the United States. Comparing turfgrass coverage under reduced sun exposure is a popular and effective method for determining shade tolerance, but requires years to evaluate. The objectives were to (i) compare phenotypical differences of experimental genotypes and cultivars of bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.), St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum), and zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) grown under 73% shade and (ii) identify whether genetic improvement for shade adaptation was made in these species. This 3‐year study conducted in Tifton, GA, found phenotypic differences among genotypes within species for turfgrass coverage when exposed to 73% shade. The experimental bermudagrass, 11‐T‐56, possessed the superior combination of high green turfgrass coverage, low canopy height, and season long dark green color under shade. Experimental genotypes in St. Augustinegrass exhibited genetic improvement compared to commercially available cultivars; however, these genotypes should be examined under more intense shade to elicit differences before further selection. Performance of experimental zoysiagrass genotypes from several turfgrass breeding programs did not indicate significant improvement in the shade persistence within Zoysia spp. There appears to be genetic differences in the speed at which newer zoysiagrasses can initially spread by rhizomes and stolons when grown under shade. Further research should be conducted to determine if juvenile growth is an indicator of shade tolerance under natural tree shade or structures. Overall, results indicated that canopy heights cannot be used to directly predict shade tolerance but can be used to identify turfgrasses with reduced mowing frequency requirements.
Microwave atmospheric pressure plasma jet: A review
Authors: Rath Suryasunil , Kar Satyananda 
Published: August 2024

AbstractConsiderable interest has emerged in atmospheric pressure discharges within the microwave frequency range over the past decade, driven by the growing potential applications such as material processing, CO2 dissociation, waste treatment, hydrogen production, water treatment, and so forth. This review delves into the diverse types of atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs) operated at microwave frequencies. The analysis integrates insights from an overall review that encapsulates the different types of geometry, characterizations, modeling, and various applications of microwave atmospheric plasma jets (MW‐APPJs). This paper will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of microwave plasma generated in the ambient atmosphere. The fundamental insights into these discharges are emerging, but there are still numerous unexplained phenomena in these inherently complex plasmas that need to be studied. The properties of these MW‐APPJs encompass a higher range of electron densities (ne), gas temperatures (Tg), electron temperatures (Te), and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). This review provides an overview of the key underlying processes crucial for generating and stabilizing MW‐APPJs. Additionally, the unique physical and chemical properties of these discharges are summarized. In the initial section, we aim to introduce the primary scientific characterizations of different types of waveguide‐based and non‐waveguide‐based MW‐APPJs. The subsequent part focuses on the diverse modeling approaches for different MW‐APPJs and the outcomes derived from these models. The final section describes the potential applications of MW‐APPJs in various domains.
Electrocatalytic upcycling of plastic waste: Progress, challenges, and future
Authors: Li Jinzhou , Chen Junliang , Zhang Luyao , Matos Juan , Wang Li , Yang Jianping 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe escalating accumulation of plastic waste has been developed into a formidable global environmental challenge. Traditional disposal methods such as landfilling and incineration not only exacerbate environmental degradation by releasing harmful chemicals and greenhouse gases, but also squander finite resources that could otherwise be recycled or repurposed. Upcycling is a kind of plastic recycling technology that converts plastic waste into high‐value chemicals and helps to avoid resource waste and environmental pollution. Electrocatalytic upcycling emerges as a novel technology distinguished by its mild operational conditions, high transformation efficiency and product selectivity. This review commences with an overview of the recycling and upcycling technology employed in plastic waste management and the respective advantages and inherent limitations are also delineated. The different types of plastic waste upcycled by electrocatalytic strategy are then discussed and the plastic waste transformation process is examined together with the mechanisms underlying the electrocatalytic upcycling. Furthermore, the structure‐activity relationships between electrocatalysts and plastic waste upcycling performance are also elucidated. The review aims to furnish readers with a comprehensive understanding of the electrocatalytic techniques for plastic waste upcycling and to provide a guidance for the design of electrocatalysts towards efficient plastic waste transformation.
Corporate cash policy and double machine learning
Authors: Movaghari Hadi , Tsoukas Serafeim , Vagenas‐Nanos Evangelos 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe are the first to explore the role of firm‐level drivers in corporate cash policy applying cutting‐edge double machine learning technique. We identify tangibility of assets and R&D spending as two main driving forces behind the cash increase when they are considered both independently and jointly. Furthermore, our findings support the relevance of the transaction cost model and the refinancing risk of long‐term debt at the beginning of the sample period. In contrast, precautionary motive emerges as more pertinent in contemporary times. Our results are robust to alternative machine learners, cash proxies and estimation methods.
Nachweis tertiärer Theaceen Mitteleuropas nach blatt‐epidermalen Untersuchungen
Authors: Kvaček Zlatko , Walther Harald 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungIn teriären Schichten Mitteleuropas werden erstmals Blätter von Polyspora Sweet (Polyspora saxonica Walther & Kvaček, Polyspora knauensis Walther & Kvaček, Polyspora hradekensis (Kvaček & Bužek) Kvaček & Walther und Polyspora spec.), Schima Reinwardt ex Blume (Schima spec.) und Ternstroemites Berry (Ternstroemites flörsheimensis Kvaček & Walthkr, Ternstroemites sokolovensis Kvaček & Walther) nach blattepidermalen und blattmorphologischen Merkmalen nachgewiesen. Diese Arten kommen vom Obereozän bis Untermiozän vorwiegend in klimatischen Optimen als immergrúne Elemente einer subtropischen bis warmgemäßigten, mesophytischen Waldvegetation vor.
Tracheary characteristics of some Nigerian Terminalia species
Authors: Gill L. S. , Onuja J. E. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryA description is given of the tracheary elements of three Terminalia species. The species investigated are T. catappa, T. ivorensis, and T. superba. In all the species the vessels and tracheids are large. Fibres are moderately long and non septate.
Bacillus subtilis ZB423: 90‐Day repeat dose oral (gavage) toxicity study in Wistar rats
Authors: K. N. Vijayakumar , Bamne Swati S. , Crasta Johnson , Kumar C. Satish , Bhat Ramakrishna M. , Shuster Bentley M. , Oliver John W. K. , Abbott Zachary D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe novel genetically modified probiotic Bacillus subtilis ZB423 was assessed in a 90‐day repeated‐dose oral toxicity study adhering to Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines. Spray‐dried spores at a concentration of 1.1E12 CFU/g were administered at doses of 130, 260, and 519 mg/kg body weight/day correlating to 1.43 × 1011, 2.86 × 1011, and 5.71 × 1011 CFU/kg/day, respectively, by oral gavage to Wistar rats for a period of 90 consecutive days. Results showed no toxicologically relevant findings for B. subtilis ZB423 from measured parameters. The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of B. subtilis ZB423 is 519 mg/kg body weight/day corresponding to 5.71 × 1011 CFU/kg/day for lyophilized B. subtilis ZB423 spores under the test conditions employed.
Appearance of sex‐determining region Y‐box 9 (SOX9)‐ and glutathione S‐transferase placental form (GST‐P)‐positive hepatocytes as possible carcinogenic events in the early stage of furan‐induced hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: Hibi Daisuke , Soma Meili , Suzuki Yuta , Takasu Shinji , Ishii Yuji , Umemura Takashi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFuran, the basic skeleton of various flavoring agents, induces cholangiocellular tumors with higher incidences in the caudate lobe and hepatocellular tumors without the lobe specificity in rats, but the mechanism is unclear. We investigated the lobe distribution of possible carcinogenic events. Furan caused proliferation/infiltration of oval and inflammatory cells prominently in the caudate lobe as early as 4 weeks and cholangiofibrosis in this lobe at 8 weeks. In vivo mutagenicity assays using DNA extracted from the caudate or left lateral lobe of male gpt delta rats, the reporter gene‐transgenic rats, treated with 8 mg/kg furan for 4 or 8 weeks showed negative outcomes. The distribution of glutathione S‐transferase placental form (GST‐P)‐positive or sex‐determining region Y‐box 9 (SOX9)‐positive hepatocytes was examined. Significant increases in the number of GST‐P‐positive hepatocytes were observed in all lobes of furan‐treated rats at 8 weeks. By contrast, SOX9‐positive hepatocytes, liver injury‐inducible progenitor cells, were also found in all lobes of treated rats, the incidences of which were by far the highest in the caudate lobe. In addition, some of these hepatocytes also co‐expressed delta like 1 homolog (DLK1), a hepatoblast marker, particularly in areas with a predominant presence of inflammatory cells. Overall, furan induced liver injury, leading to the appearance of SOX9‐positive hepatocytes, some of which were subjected to dedifferentiation in the inflammatory microenvironment of a cholangiocarcinoma‐prone lobe. Thus, the appearance of SOX9‐positive hepatocytes together with GST‐P‐positive hepatocytes could be initial events in furan‐induced hepatocarcinogenesis via non‐genotoxic mechanisms.
Temperature effects on the branching dynamics in the model ambimodal (6 + 4)/(4 + 2) intramolecular cycloaddition reaction
Authors: Murakami Tatsuhiro , Hayashi Daiki , Kikuma Yuya , Yamaki Keita , Takayanagi Toshiyuki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractC14H20 (tetradecapentaene) is a simple model system exhibiting post transition‐state behavior, wherein both the (6 + 4) and (4 + 2) cycloaddition products are formed from one ambimocal transition state structure. We studied the bifurcation dynamics starting from the two ambimodal transition state structures, the chair‐form and boat‐form, using the quasi‐classical trajectory, classical molecular dynamics, and ring‐polymer molecular dynamics methods on the parameter‐optimized semiempirical GFN2‐xTB potential energy surface. It was found that the calculated branching fractions differ between the chair‐form and boat‐form due to the different nature in the IRC pathways. We also investigated the effects of temperature on bifurcation dynamics and found that, at higher temperatures, trajectories stay longer in the intermediate region of the potential energy surface.