bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aberrant subclavian artery origin in tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis is associated with chromosomal or genetic abnormality
Authors: Oswal Nilesh , Christov Georgi , Sridharan Shankar , Khambadkone Sachin , Bull Catherine , Sullivan Ian 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe determined the relationship between aortic arch anatomy in tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis and chromosomal or genetic abnormality, by performing analysis of 257 consecutive patients undergoing surgical repair from January, 2003 to March, 2011. Chromosomal or genetic abnormality was identified in 49 of the 257 (19%) patients. These included trisomy 21 (n = 14); chromosome 22q11.2 deletion (n = 16); other chromosomal abnormalities (n = 9); CHARGE (n = 2); Pierre Robin (n = 2); and Kabuki, Alagille, Holt–Oram, Kaufman McKusick, Goldenhar, and PHACE (n = 1 each). Aortic anatomy was classified as left arch with normal branching, right arch with mirror image branching, left arch with aberrant right subclavian artery, or right arch with aberrant left subclavian artery. Associated syndromes occurred in 33 of 203 (16%) patients with left arch and normal branching (odds ratio 1); three of 36 (8%) patients with right arch and mirror image branching (odds ratio 0.4, 95% confidence interval 0.1–1.6); seven of eight (88%) patients with left arch and aberrant right subclavian artery (odds ratio 36, 95% confidence interval 4–302); and six of 10 (60%) patients with right arch and aberrant left subclavian artery (odds ratio 8, 95% confidence interval 2–26). Syndromes were present in 13 of 18 (72%) patients with either right or left aberrant subclavian artery (odds ratio 15, 95% confidence interval 4–45). Syndromes in patients with an aberrant subclavian artery included trisomy 21 (n = 4); chromosome 22q11.2 deletion (n = 5); and Holt–Oram, PHACE, CHARGE, and chromosome 18p deletion (n = 1 each). Aberrant right or left subclavian artery in tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis is associated with an increased incidence of chromosomal or genetic abnormality, whereas right aortic arch with mirror image branching is not. The assessment of aortic arch anatomy at prenatal diagnosis can assist counselling.
Default investment strategies in a defined contribution pension system: a pension risk model application for the chilean case
Authors: BERSTEIN SOLANGE , FUENTES OLGA , VILLATORO FÉLIX 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIn a defined contribution pension system, one of the main risks faced by members refers to the investment of funds. In this context, we discuss which is the most suitable risk measurement for the affiliates to the pension system. Different life-cycle investment strategies are evaluated under this measure for different types of workers. We point out the importance of designing well-suited default investment options in light of the economic behavior of members, characterized by low financial knowledge, inertia and myopia in decision-making. We calibrate a pension risk model for the Chilean economy, including measures of life-cycle income, human capital risk, investment and annuitization risks. Our results suggest that affiliates can gain (loss) around 0.85 percentage points in terms of average replacement rates in return for an increase (decrease) of 1 percentage point in risk, measured as standard deviation of replacement rates. Using a stochastic dominance analysis, we find that there are no dominated strategies when subsidies from the Solidarity Pillar are excluded. When the Solidarity Pillar is considered, the most appropriate investment strategies for affiliates that receive these subsidies are concentrated on the riskier funds. However, this also means that there could be increased pressure on Government spending in order to grant additional benefits to affiliates. Our model has a wide range of practical applications that go from informing affiliates about the degree of uncertainty associated to their expected replacement rate to a guide to evaluate how different investment strategies affect the expected values of affiliates' pensions and their associated risk.
Business actors in armed conflict: towards a new humanitarian agenda
Authors: Slim Hugo 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to give an overview of current understandings of the various roles of business actors in armed conflict. It traces the expanding discussion of business and conflict in today's civil wars, and the discussion's importance to humanitarian, human rights, corporate and peacebuilding policymakers. It shows how the humanitarian understanding of business roles in conflict has progressed beyond some simple and largely negative stereotypes about business in war to become more sophisticated. The article then looks at the significant diversity of business actors, which can determine their experience of armed conflict. It is suggested that there are six potential roles of business in armed conflict – that of victim, perpetrator, supplier, humanitarian actor, peacebuilder, and conflict preventer. Finally, the article recommends a range of ways to improve humanitarian policy so that humanitarian actors engage with business more actively and appropriately on law, business relief, and business continuity.
Human deforestation outweighs future climate change impacts of sedimentation on coral reefs
Authors: Maina Joseph , de Moel Hans , Zinke Jens , Madin Joshua , McClanahan Tim , Vermaat Jan E. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractNear-shore coral reef systems are experiencing increased sediment supply due to conversion of forests to other land uses. Counteracting increased sediment loads requires an understanding of the relationship between forest cover and sediment supply, and how this relationship might change in the future. Here we study this relationship by simulating river flow and sediment supply in four watersheds that are adjacent to Madagascar’s major coral reef ecosystems for a range of future climate change projections and land-use change scenarios. We show that by 2090, all four watersheds are predicted to experience temperature increases and/or precipitation declines that, when combined, result in decreases in river flow and sediment load. However, these climate change-driven declines are outweighed by the impact of deforestation. Consequently, our analyses suggest that regional land-use management is more important than mediating climate change for influencing sedimentation of Malagasy coral reefs.
Highly integrated CMOS RF SPDT switch with ESD and unit cell optimisation in MCM
Authors: Chen A.Y.‐K. 
Published: June 2013

Presented is the performance of a highly integrated RF single‐pole double‐throw (SPDT) switch fabricated in a 0.18 µm bulk CMOS process and housed in a low‐cost laminated multi‐chip module (MCM‐L) package. A switch controller is also implemented and consumes ∼40 µA from a 3.4 V supply. The switch, based upon the 1.8 V thin‐oxide devices with resistive body‐floating and unit cell layout optimisation techniques, achieves an insertion loss of 0.52/0.78 dB at 0.9/2.45 GHz, respectively. TX‐to‐RX isolation of > 29 dB and return loss of > 15 dB are achieved at these frequencies. The measured IP1dB of 21.7/21.2 dBm and IIP3 of 38.3/37.4 dBm are accomplished at 0.9/2.45 GHz, respectively. Finally, the switch achieves a RF electrostatic discharge (ESD) rating of 4 kV for the ± 2 kV human body model and 500 V for the ± 200 V machine model.
Compact super‐wideband asymmetric monopole antenna with dual‐branch feed for bandwidth enhancement
Authors: Liu J. , Esselle K.P. , Hay S.G. , Zhong S.S. 
Published: June 2013

A novel compact super‐wideband (SWB) antenna with an optimised feed is presented. The antenna is composed of an asymmetric trapezoid ground plane and a modified rectangular monopole patch. It is demonstrated that the bandwidth of the antenna is significantly enhanced by introducing an asymmetric dual‐branch feed with an L‐shaped feed branch. The measurements indicate that the 2:1 VSWR bandwidth is from 1.05 to 32.7 GHz with a ratio bandwidth of 31:1. Since the antenna features an extremely wide bandwidth and the entire size is only 74 × 80 mm, it is useful for modern wireless communication applications.
CMOS 1.98–5.58 GHz transformer‐based VCO with current‐reused topology
Authors: Fan Xiangning , Li Bin , Wang Zhigong 
Published: June 2013

A fully integrated ultra‐wideband voltage‐controlled‐oscillator (VCO) constructed in a current‐reused configuration is proposed. An ultra‐wide tuning range is achieved thanks to the adopted transformer‐based resonator, which makes use of the transformer and the proper arrangement of capacitors, while the current‐reused topology can dramatically save DC power consumption. The transformer layout has been properly designed to attain a die area comparable to a single inductor VCO. Fabricated in a 0.18 µm CMOS technology, the VCO provides a frequency tuning range as high as 95% from 1.98 to 5.58 GHz and exhibits a phase noise of −122.8 to −108.6 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from the carrier across the entire frequency range. The VCO core consumes 5.6–7.2 mA of current from a 1.8 V supply and occupies approximately an area of 0.8 mm2. Despite the ultra‐wide tuning range, the proposed VCO has the outstanding figure‐of‐merit (FOMT) of −192 to −199 dBc/Hz.
3 Gbit/s optical receiver IC with high sensitivity and large integrated pin photodiode
Authors: Brandl P. , Zimmermann H. 
Published: June 2013

An optoelectronic integrated circuit in a 0.35 µm BiCMOS technology containing a 200 µm diameter pin photodiode for optical wireless communication systems is presented. The design consists of a highly efficient integrated Si pin photodiode, a transimpedance amplifier and 50 Ω output driver. The overall transimpedance of the whole receiver is 86.6 dBΩ. At a data rate of 3 Gbit/s with a pseudorandom bit sequence of 231 − 1 a sensitivity of − 23.4 dBm is achieved (BER = 10− 9, λ = 675 nm).
SPR properties of 2D ZnO nano‐holes fabricated by laser interference lithography
Authors: Kim S.H. , Kim D.G. , Lee B.H. , Kim T.U. , Ki H.C. , Kim H.J. , Choi Y.W. , Lee B.‐T. 
Published: June 2013

ZnO nanostructures are proposed to enhance the performance of surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The ZnO nanostructures on a 50 nm‐thick Au thin‐film are composed of nano‐holes with a period of 300 nm. The ZnO nano‐holes coupled SPR was simulated using the three‐dimensionanl finite‐difference time‐domain method. The ZnO nano‐holes have been fabricated by a laser interference lithography and wet etching process. The measured resonance angle of 47.5° was obtained; this agreed well with the simulated result. In comparison with the author's previous report, the figure of merit of ZnO nano‐holes coupled SPR was two times higher than that of the ZnO grating structure.
AuthorReward: increasing community curation in biological knowledge wikis through automated authorship quantification
Authors: Dai Lin , Tian Ming , Wu Jiayan , Xiao Jingfa , Wang Xumin , Townsend Jeffrey P. , Zhang Zhang 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Summary: Community curation—harnessing community intelligence in knowledge curation, bears great promise in dealing with the flood of biological knowledge. To exploit the full potential of the scientific community for knowledge curation, multiple biological wikis (bio-wikis) have been built to date. However, none of them have achieved a substantial impact on knowledge curation. One of the major limitations in bio-wikis is insufficient community participation, which is intrinsically because of lack of explicit authorship and thus no credit for community curation. To increase community curation in bio-wikis, here we develop AuthorReward, an extension to MediaWiki, to reward community-curated efforts in knowledge curation. AuthorReward quantifies researchers’ contributions by properly factoring both edit quantity and quality and yields automated explicit authorship according to their quantitative contributions. AuthorReward provides bio-wikis with an authorship metric, helpful to increase community participation in bio-wikis and to achieve community curation of massive biological knowledge.
Availability: http://cbb.big.ac.cn/software.
Contact: zhangzhang@big.ac.cn
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Gene-set analysis is severely biased when applied to genome-wide methylation data
Authors: Geeleher Paul , Hartnett Lori , Egan Laurance J. , Golden Aaron , Raja Ali Raja Affendi , Seoighe Cathal 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Motivation: DNA methylation is an epigenetic mark that can stably repress gene expression. Because of its biological and clinical significance, several methods have been developed to compare genome-wide patterns of methylation between groups of samples. The application of gene set analysis to identify relevant groups of genes that are enriched for differentially methylated genes is often a major component of the analysis of these data. This can be used, for example, to identify processes or pathways that are perturbed in disease development. We show that gene-set analysis, as it is typically applied to genome-wide methylation assays, is severely biased as a result of differences in the numbers of CpG sites associated with different classes of genes and gene promoters.
Results: We demonstrate this bias using published data from a study of differential CpG island methylation in lung cancer and a dataset we generated to study methylation changes in patients with long-standing ulcerative colitis. We show that several of the gene sets that seem enriched would also be identified with randomized data. We suggest two existing approaches that can be adapted to correct the bias. Accounting for the bias in the lung cancer and ulcerative colitis datasets provides novel biological insights into the role of methylation in cancer development and chronic inflammation, respectively. Our results have significant implications for many previous genome-wide methylation studies that have drawn conclusions on the basis of such strongly biased analysis.
Contact: cathal.seoighe@nuigalway.ie
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Pulmonary hamartomas: CT pixel analysis for fat attenuation using radiologic–pathologic correlation
Authors: Gleeson Tadhg , Thiessen Rennae , Hannigan Ailish , Murphy Darra , English John C. , Mayo John R. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIntroductionTo assess the accuracy of CT pixel analysis for fat attenuation in pulmonary hamartomas.MethodsRetrospective review identified 32 patients in three separate groups; pathologically proven hamartoma (n = 11), hamartoma diagnosed on imaging (n = 9) and a control group (n = 14) of pathology‐proven non‐hamartomatous smoothly marginated solitary pulmonary nodules. All lesions were assessed using: visual assessment for fat, pixel analysis of the inner 2/3rds and mean attenuation of the entire lesion, using an internal reference for fat. Fat percentages on CT and at histology were compared.ResultsVisual assessment for macroscopic fat was the most reliable method for diagnosing pulmonary hamartoma. Combining percentage of fat‐attenuation pixels in the inner 2/3rds of the lesion improved specificity to 100%. Mean attenuation or pixel analysis in isolation were not helpful in lesional characterization.ConclusionCombining percentage fat‐attenuating pixels in the inner 2/3rds with visual assessment for macroscopic fat improves specificity for diagnosing pulmonary hamartomas.
The impact of OECD biofuels policies on developing countries
Authors: de Gorter Harry , Drabik Dusan , Just David R. , Kliauga Erika M. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractOECD countries’ biofuels policies, derived from energy and environmental legislation and activated by high oil prices, were the primary cause of not only the sudden spike in grain and oilseed prices in 2007–2008 but also of the ensuing price volatility. Even though developing countries have a comparative advantage in biofuels production, they were shut out of rich countries’ biofuel markets by trade discriminating biofuels policies. Developing countries would not have been able to take full advantage of the price spike in the short run anyway given the low supply elasticities and the long time required for biofuel production to come online, unlike for corn‐ethanol. The controversy over the right price of food is misplaced and policy makers should instead focus on improving biofuels policies, which like their counterpart agricultural policies in previous decades, have damaged the welfare of developing countries.
Urinary retention following laparoscopic gynaecological surgery with or without 4% icodextrin anti‐adhesion solution
Authors: Nesbitt‐Hawes Erin M. , Zhang Christine S. , Won Ha Ryun , Law Kenneth , Abbott Jason A. 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundUrinary retention is a recognised complication of laparoscopic surgery. Previous work showed an association with 4% icodextrin solution and urinary retention.AimsTo determine the incidence of urinary retention following laparoscopic gynaecological surgery with or without the use of 4% icodextrin.MethodsA prospective observational study of 147 women undergoing laparoscopic gynaecological surgery for benign pathology. Women had their planned laparoscopic procedure and either received icodextrin solution or nothing as determined by their treating surgeon at the time of the operation.ResultsFrom May 2011 to February 2012, 147 women were approached to participate in the study; of whom, 124 women were included: 62 received icodextrin and 62 did not. The women in the non‐icodextrin group were significantly older (P = 0.007) and had a higher BMI (P = 0.03) than those in the icodextrin group. Following surgery, 27/124 (21.8%) women had post‐operative urinary retention. Icodextrin was associated with significantly more urinary retention (P = 0.017), but did not extend hospital admission significantly (P = 0.14). The administration of icodextrin was associated with resection of moderate‐ or severe‐stage endometriosis involving multiple surgical sites, whereas women in the non‐icodextrin group were more likely to be having a hysterectomy.ConclusionsIn this non‐randomised study, there were significantly more women with post‐operative urinary retention when icodextrin was used; however, this did not contribute to an extended hospital admission. While there may be confounding factors, women receiving icodextrin should be warned of the possibility of urinary retention post‐operatively, but that this is unlikely to affect their stay in hospital.
Frequent sensitization to Candida albicans and profilins in adult eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: Simon D. , Straumann A. , Dahinden C. , Simon H.‐U. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundEosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is often associated with atopic airway and skin diseases. More than 80% of EoE patients are sensitized to aero‐ and/or food allergens. Immunoglobulin (Ig)E‐mediated immune responses to microbes have been reported to be deleterious in connection with atopic diseases.AimThe aim of this study was to obtain a comprehensive overview about the sensitization spectrum of adult EoE patients.MethodsIgE in sera of 35 patients with active EoE were analyzed for reactivity to Candida albicans, as well as to a panel of recombinant and purified natural allergen components, using a microarray.ResultsIgE sensitization to Candida albicans was found in 43% of EoE patients. More than 80% of EoE patients were sensitized to aeroallergens and 22% to food‐specific allergen components, whereas 69% of the patients exhibited specific IgE to cross‐reactive allergens. Among the latter, profilins were identified as most frequent IgE cross‐reactive allergen components. Interestingly, dysphagia, the main symptom of adult EoE patients following rice and/or bread ingestion, was associated with sensitization to cross‐reactive allergens such as profilins, pathogenesis‐related (PR) 10 and lipid transfer proteins (LTP). Intolerance toward meat rarely correlated with sensitization to animal food allergens.ConclusionCandida albicans and cross‐reactive plant allergen components, in particular profilins, were identified as frequent sensitizers in adult EoE patients. Specific elimination therapies are suggested to reveal their actual roles in the pathogenesis of EoE.
Trajectory and Predictors of Early Adolescent Alcohol Use
Authors: Kwon Tae Yeon 
Published: June 2013

The aim of this study was to identify the developmental trajectory and predictors of Korean early adolescents’ alcohol use. The sample comprised 2844 adolescents who participated in the five‐wave longitudinal Korea Youth Panel Study, in which students were assessed annually from grade 4 (aged 11 years) in 2004 to grade 8 (aged 15 years) in 2008. Latent growth curve (LGC) modeling was conducted and a quadratic (J‐shaped) LGC model was supported. Personality‐ and environment‐system predictors, based on problem‐behavior theory, were specified to account for variation in intra‐individual changes in alcohol use. Self‐control, depressive affect, parental abuse, number of drinking friends, and gender significantly predicted the initial level of alcohol use. Self‐control, depressive affect, parental abuse, peer attachment, gender, and family structure predicted the quadratic slope that was associated with the rate of acceleration of alcohol use. These findings suggest that more effort needs to be directed toward the implementation of alcohol prevention programs early in elementary schools and practitioners who are involved in effective alcohol‐prevention and intervention programs that are aimed at delaying the initiation of alcohol use and reducing drinking during adolescence should consider various psychosocial factors.
The use of emerging technologies for authentic learning: A South African study in higher education
Authors: Bozalek Vivienne , Gachago Daniela , Alexander Lucy , Watters Kathy , Wood Denise , Ivala Eunice , Herrington Jan 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIt is now widely accepted that the transmission of disciplinary knowledge is insufficient to prepare students leaving higher education for the workplace. Authentic learning has been suggested as a way to bring the necessary complexity into learning to deal with challenges in professional practice after graduation. This study investigates how South African higher educators have used emerging technologies to achieve the characteristics of authentic learning. A survey was administered to a population of 265 higher educators in South Africa who self‐identified as engaging with emerging technologies. From this survey, a sample of 21 respondents were selected to further investigate their practice through in‐depth interviewing using Herrington, Reeves and Oliver's nine characteristics of authentic learning as a framework. Interrater analysis undertaken by five members of the research team revealed both consistencies and differences among the twenty one cases across the nine elements of authentic learning. The highest levels of authenticity were found for the elements authentic context and task, and the lowest for articulation. Furthermore, there was a moderate correlation identified between levels of authenticity and the role played by emerging technologies in achieving the authenticity, showing a potentially symbiotic relationship between them.
Emerging technologies as cognitive tools for authentic learning
Authors: Herrington Jan , Parker Jenni 
Published: June 2013

AbstractEmploying emerging technologies in learning is becoming increasingly important as a means to support the development of digital media literacy. Using a theoretical framework ofauthentic learningandtechnology as cognitive tools, this paper examined student responses to the infusion of emerging technologies in a large first year teacher education unit over two full iterations, using a design‐based research approach. This paper describes the pedagogical context of the intervention, the methodology used, and it presents an analysis of themes emerging from the data relating to the use of emerging technologies.