bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supported IrO2 Nanocatalyst with Multilayered Structure for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis
Authors: Wang Yuannan , Zhao Zicheng , Liang Xiao , Zhao Xiao , Wang Xiyang , Jana Subhajit , Wu Yimin A. , Zou Yongcun , Li Lu , Chen Hui , Zou Xiaoxin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe design of a low‐iridium‐loading anode catalyst layer with high activity and durability is a key challenge for a proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE). Here, the synthesis of a novel supported IrO2 nanocatalyst with a tri‐layered structure, dubbed IrO2@TaOx@TaB that is composed of ultrasmall IrO2 nanoparticles anchored on amorphous TaOx overlayer of TaB nanorods is reported. The composite electrocatalyst shows great activity and stability toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acid, thanks to its dual‐interface structural feature. The electronic interaction in IrO2/TaOx interface can regulate the coverage of surface hydroxyl groups, the Ir3+/ Ir4+ ratio, and the redox peak potential of IrO2 for enhancing OER activity, while the dense TaOx overlayer can prevent further oxidation of TaB substrate and stabilize the IrO2 catalytic layers for improving structural stability during OER. The IrO2@TaOx@TaB can be used to fabricate an anode catalyst layer of PEMWE with an iridium‐loading as low as 0.26 mg cm−2. The low‐iridium‐loading PEMWE delivers high current densities at low cell voltages (e.g., 3.9 A cm−2@2.0 V), and gives excellent activity retention for more than 1500 h at 2.0 A cm−2 current density.
A Dopamine‐Modified Hyaluronic Acid‐Based Mucus Carrying Phytoestrogen and Urinary Exosome for Thin Endometrium Repair
Authors: Li Chenchen , Tan Xiyang , Deng Dashi , Kong Chenfan , Feng Lida , Wang Weijing , Lin Kaida , Li Yuqing , Lei Qifang , Liu Lisha , Tao Tao , Pan Ruile , Li Guangzhi , Wu Song 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThin endometrium (TE) is closely associated with infertility in reproductive medicine. Estrogen therapy gains unsatisfactory outcomes. In this study, an artificial mucus based on dopamine (L‐DOPA)‐modified hyaluronic acid combining phytoestrogen cajaninstilbene acid and rat urinary exosomes (CUEHD) is constructed for TE treatment using a rat TE model. In the rat TE model, the dominant elastic behavior and adhesive properties of CUEHD guarantee adequate retention, rendering superior synergistic treatment efficacy and favorable biosafety characteristics. CUEHD treatment significantly increases endometrial thickness and promotes receptivity and fertility. Mechanistically, estrogen homeostasis, inflammation inhibition, and endometrial regeneration are achieved through the crosstalk between ER‐NLRP3‐IL1β and Wnt‐β catenin‐TGFβ‐smad signaling pathways. Moreover, the therapeutic potential of exosomes from human urine and adipose tissue‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) and rat ADSCs are also demonstrated, indicating extensive use of the artificial mucus system. Thus, this study illustrates a platform combining phytoestrogen and exosomes with promising implications for TE treatment.
A Multi‐Directional GaN/TiO2 Cuboidal Nanowire Junctionless FET‐Based Ultra‐High Pressure Sensor: A Design Perspective
Authors: Khodabakhsh Amir , Amini Amir , Fallahnejad Mohammad 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this work, a nanoelectromechanical system (NEMS) field‐effect transistor (FET)‐based ultra‐high pressure (PR) multi‐directional sensor utilizing a junctionless profile and gate‐all‐around geometry is proposed with the advanced materials GaN/TiO2, named MD‐JLFET PR sensor. A design guide approach is considered, and accurate analysis is conducted starting from the bending of cantilevers based on materials' Young's moduli due to applied pressure and finally extracting the dynamic range of the proposed PR sensor. For the first time, the direction and magnitude of pressure can be measured using gate‐source capacitances (CGS). By employing oxide engineering and fringing field, the sensor achieves distinguishable states compared to previous works. Simulation results demonstrate that the PR sensor can measure pressures ranging from 10 to 30 MPa with high sensitivity in terms of CGS, IOFF, ION, and ION/IOFF. Therefore, the proposed FET‐based PR sensor holds promise for widespread industrial applications requiring ultra‐high pressure range measurement, directional pressure sensing, and high sensitivity.
Neutrophils Recruited by NKX2‐1 Suppression via Activation of CXCLs/CXCR2 Axis Promote Lung Adenocarcinoma Progression
Authors: La'ah Anita S , Tsai Ping‐Hsing , Yarmishyn Aliaksandr A. , Ching Lo‐Jei , Chen Chih‐Ying , Chien Yueh , Chen Jerry Chieh‐Yu , Tsai Ming‐Long , Chen Yi‐Chen , Ma Chun , Hsu Po‐Kuei , Luo Yung‐Hung , Chen Yuh‐Min , Chiou Guang‐Yuh , Lu Kai‐Hsi , Lin Wen‐Chang , Chou Yu‐Ting , Wang Mong‐Lien , Chiou Shih‐Hwa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNK2 Homeobox 1 (NKX2‐1) is a well‐characterized pathological marker that delineates lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression. The advancement of LUAD is influenced by the immune tumor microenvironment through paracrine signaling. However, the involvement of NKX2‐1 in modeling the tumor immune microenvironment is still unclear. Here, the downregulation of NKX2‐1 is observed in high‐grade LUAD. Meanwhile, single‐cell RNA sequencing and Visium in situ capturing profiling revealed the recruitment and infiltration of neutrophils in orthotopic syngeneic tumors exhibiting strong cell‐cell communication through the activation of CXCLs/CXCR2 signaling. The depletion of NKX2‐1 triggered the expression and secretion of CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, and CXCL5 in LUAD cells. Chemokine secretion is analyzed by chemokine array and validated by qRT‐PCR. ATAC‐seq revealed the restrictive regulation of NKX2‐1 on the promoters of CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL5 genes. This phenomenon led to increased tumor growth, and conversely, tumor growth decreased when inhibited by the CXCR2 antagonist SB225002. This study unveils how NKX2‐1 modulates the infiltration of tumor‐promoting neutrophils by inhibiting CXCLs/CXCR2‐dependent mechanisms. Hence, targeting CXCR2 in NKX2‐1‐low tumors is a potential antitumor therapy that may improve LUAD patient outcomes.
A Complementary Dual‐Mode Ion‐Electron Conductive Hydrogel Enables Sustained Conductivity for Prolonged Electroencephalogram Recording
Authors: Su Hengjie , Mao Linna , Chen Xiaoqi , Liu Peishuai , Pu Jiangbo , Mao Zhuo , Fujiwara Tomoko , Ma Yue , Mao Xinyang , Li Ting 
Published: August 2024

AbstractConductive gel interface materials are widely employed as reliable agents for electroencephalogram (EEG) recording. However, prolonged EEG recording poses challenges in maintaining stable and efficient capture due to inevitable evaporation in hydrogels, which restricts sustained high conductivity. This study introduces a novel ion‐electron dual‐mode conductive hydrogel synthesized through a cost‐effective and streamlined process. By embedding graphite nanoparticles into ionic hyaluronic acid (HAGN), the hydrogel maintains higher conductivity for over 72 h, outperforming commercial gels. Additionally, it exhibits superior low skin contact impedance, considerable electrochemical capability, and excellent tensile and adhesion performance in both dry and wet conditions. The biocompatibility of the HAGN hydrogel, verified through in vitro cell viability assays and in vivo skin irritation tests, underscores its suitability for prolonged skin contact without eliciting adverse reactions. Furthermore, in vivo EEG tests confirm the HAGN hydrogel's capability to provide high‐fidelity signal acquisition across multiple EEG protocols. The HAGN hydrogel proves to be an effective interface for prolonged high‐quality EEG recording, facilitating high‐performance capture and classification of evoked potentials, thereby providing a reliable conductive medium for EEG‐based systems.
PTBP3 Mediates IL‐18 Exon Skipping to Promote Immune Escape in Gallbladder Cancer
Authors: Zhao Cheng , Zhao Jing‐wei , Zhang Yu‐han , Zhu Yi‐di , Yang Zi‐yi , Liu Shi‐lei , Tang Qiu‐yi , Yang Yue , Wang Hua‐kai , Shu Yi‐jun , Dong Ping , Wu Xiang‐song , Gong Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common malignant tumor of the biliary system, with poor response to current treatments. Abnormal alternative splicing has been associated with the development of a variety of tumors. Combining the GEO database and GBC mRNA‐seq analysis, it is found high expression of the splicing factor polypyrimidine region‐ binding protein 3 (PTBP3) in GBC. Multi‐omics analysis revealed that PTBP3 promoted exon skipping of interleukin‐18 (IL‐18), resulting in the expression of ΔIL‐18, an isoform specifically expressed in tumors. That ΔIL‐18 promotes GBC immune escape by down‐regulating FBXO38 transcription levels in CD8+T cells to reduce PD‐1 ubiquitin‐mediated degradation is revealed. Using a HuPBMC mouse model, the role of PTBP3 and ΔIL‐18 in promoting GBC growth is confirmed, and showed that an antisense oligonucleotide that blocked ΔIL‐18 production displayed anti‐tumor activity. Furthermore, that the H3K36me3 promotes exon skipping of IL‐18 by recruiting PTBP3 via MRG15 is demonstrated, thereby coupling the processes of IL‐18 transcription and alternative splicing. Interestingly, it is also found that the H3K36 methyltransferase SETD2 binds to hnRNPL, thereby interfering with PTBP3 binding to IL‐18 pre‐mRNA. Overall, this study provides new insights into how aberrant alternative splicing mechanisms affect immune escape, and provides potential new perspectives for improving GBC immunotherapy.
Passive Wireless Body Joint‐Monitoring Networks with Textile‐Integrated, Strongly Coupled Magnetic Resonators
Authors: Ye Fan , Hajiaghajani Amirhossein , Zargari Amir , Escobar Alberto , Qin Huiting , Li Lei , Qian Chengyang , Dia Kazi Khurshidi Haque , Hasan Md Abeed , Dautta Manik , Kurdahi Fadi , Khine Michelle , Tseng Peter 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCurrent joint angle monitoring techniques—essential for evaluating biomechanical functions and rehabilitation outcomes—face significant challenges. These may include dependency on specific environmental lighting and clear line‐of‐sight, complex setup and calibration, or sensing modalities that may interfere with natural motion. Additionally, the durability of these methods is often compromised by mechanical failures due to repetitive motion. Here, textile (or skin‐borne) strongly coupled magnetic resonators that can be distributed cross‐body to form advanced joint monitoring networks is demonstrated. Flexible magneto‐inductive loops can be positioned adjacent to joints, continuously monitoring limb coordination without being directly subjected to large joint strains. Such a technique minimizes both impediments to joint motion and material fatigue. Networks are lastly utilized to monitor and identify limb activity during diverse user stretches and exercises.
Electro‐Chemo‐Mechanical Design of Buffer Layer Enhances Electrochemical Performance of All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Wang Xuyang , Xu Xieyu , Hou Weishuai , Chen Yaqi , Yang Yang , Wang Yongjing , Guo Zhixin , Song Zhongxiao , Liu Yangyang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLi1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 (LATP) is a cost‐effective representative solid‐state electrolyte (SSE) with high ionic conductivity and has gradually become a hotspot for all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries (ASLMBs). Nevertheless, its practicalization has been challenged by the intertwined electro‐chemo‐mechanical interface issues of Li/SSE, such as penetration of Li dendrites, poor physical contact, and poor interfacial compatibility. Thus, it is essential to design interfacial management from an electro‐chemo‐mechanical perspective to guarantee the stability of Li/SSE interface bottom‐to‐up and prolong the cyclic life of ASLMBs with higher electrochemical performance. Here, an electro‐chemo‐mechanical buffer layer with softer mechanics and higher ionic conductivity is constructed on LATP surface by the spontaneous reaction between Li metal and an as‐prepared Ti‐LiF thin film using the magnetron sputtering. Introducing an electro‐chemo‐mechanical buffer layer fosters cross‐interfacial migration of Li‐ions and dissipates interface stress from the growth of Li metal to suppress the early failure of the SSE, realizing long‐term interfacial stability. In consequence, Li[Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1]O2|Ti‐LiF LATP|Li ASLMBs deliver a high specific capacity of 163.1 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C, with a capacity retention ratio of 96.1% after 150 cycles. Therefore, the interfacial design from electro‐chemo‐mechanics has been proposed innovatively to open‐up a broad avenue for applying ASLMBs to next‐generation energy storage systems.
Significance of plasma p‐tau217 in predicting long‐term dementia risk in older community residents: Insights from machine learning approaches
Authors: Xiao Zhenxu , Zhou Xiaowen , Zhao Qianhua , Cao Yang , Ding Ding 
Published: August 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWhether plasma biomarkers play roles in predicting incident dementia among the general population is worth exploring.METHODSA total of 1857 baseline dementia‐free older adults with follow‐ups up to 13.5 years were included from a community‐based cohort. The Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) algorithm aided in feature selection from 90 candidate predictors to construct logistic regression, naive Bayes, bagged trees, and random forest models. Area under the curve (AUC) was used to assess the model performance for predicting incident dementia.RESULTSDuring the follow‐up of 12,716 person‐years, 207 participants developed dementia. Four predictive models, incorporated plasma p‐tau217, age, and scores of MMSE, STICK, and AVLT, exhibited AUCs ranging from 0.79 to 0.96 in testing datasets. These models maintained robustness across various subgroups and sensitivity analyses.DISCUSSIONPlasma p‐tau217 outperforms most traditional variables and may be used to preliminarily screen older individuals at high risk of dementia.Highlights
Plasma p‐tau217 showed comparable importance with age and cognitive tests in predicting incident dementia among community older adults.
Machine learning models combining plasma p‐tau217, age, and cognitive tests exhibited excellent performance in predicting incident dementia.
The training models demonstrated robustness in subgroup and sensitivity analysis.
Tracking Minority Species in Redox Reactions: A Quantitative Combined XAS and Modulation Excitation Study
Authors: Ibraliu Armando , Fan Xiaolei , Keenan Luke , Kokumai Tathiana M. , Aramini Matteo , Celorrio Veronica , Greer Adam J. , Bowron Daniel T. , Hardacre Christopher , Diaz‐Moreno Sofia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the nature of intermediates/active species in reactions is a major challenge in chemistry. This is because spectator species typically dominate the experimentally derived data and consequently active phase contributions are masked. Transient methods offer a means to bypass this difficulty. In particular, modulation excitation with phase‐sensitive detection (ME‐PSD) provides a mechanism to distinguish between spectator and reacting species. Herein, modulation excitation (ME) time‐resolved (energy dispersive) X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, assisted by phase sensitive detection (PSD) analysis, has been applied to the study of a liquid phase process; in this case the classic ferrocyanide/ferricyanide redox couple. Periodic switches of the electrical potential (anodic/cathodic) enabled the use of the ME approach. Structural changes at fractions as low as 2 % of the total number of electroactive species were detected within the X‐ray beam probe volume containing ~30 pmol of Fe(II)/Fe(III).
Structure, mechanical, and dielectric properties of polypropylene blended with ethylene and propylene‐based elastomers
Authors: Azrin N. A. , Ahmad N. A. , Lau K. Y. , Kamarudin S. N. H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPolypropylene (PP) has been widely researched in power cable insulation due to its excellent resistance against high temperatures and high voltages. Since PP is too stiff for power cable extrusion, elastomers have been blended with PP to improve its stiffness. Although effects of elastomers on electro‐mechanical properties of PP have been widely studied, fundamental issues governing changes in dielectric properties of PP/elastomer blends have yet to be fully understood. This paper therefore reports on the properties of PP blended with ethylene‐based elastomer (EBE) and propylene‐based elastomer (PBE) by correlating their structural, mechanical, and dielectric investigations with respect to elastomer types and contents. The results show that blending increasing amounts of EBE and PBE improves mechanical flexibility of PP, with Young's modulus reduces by 53% at 40 wt% of elastomer content. Morphology‐wise, PBE demonstrates better compatibility with PP and less disrupted crystallinity compared to EBE. Furthermore, PP/PBE has better breakdown performance over PP/EBE, albeit that their breakdown strengths reduce with increasing elastomer contents. Specifically, direct current breakdown strength of PP/PBE reduces by only 21% at 40 wt% of PBE loading compared to 31% at equivalent EBE loading. Potential mechanisms governing breakdown changes are discussed with structural, mechanical, and dielectric interpretations.
A 5,5’‐Thiobis(thiazol‐2‐amine)‐based dithiocarbamate polymer: Straightforward synthesis and application in PVC membrane modification to enhance cadmium and dye removal
Authors: Kamali Mahmood , Haghani Mohammad , Fely Parastoo , Vatanpour Vahid 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA novel dithiocarbamate polymer (TTDP) derived from bis(2‐aminothiazole) sulfide was synthesized through a straightforward process. The synthesis involved the initial conversion of 2‐aminothiazole into its bis(sulfide), subsequent reaction with chloroacetyl chloride, and final copolymerization with disodium ethylene bisdithiocarbamate. TTDP boasts a high percentage of functional groups containing sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen, contributing to its hydrophilicity, strong chelation capacity with metal cations, and compatibility with other polymers. Therefore, it was used as a strong candidate for making membranes in water media. According to this, TTDP was blended in ratios 1, 2, 5, and 10 wt% with polyvinyl chloride (PVC; 15 wt%), 2 wt% of polyethylene glycol 4000 in N,N‐dimethylacetamide as polymeric membranes for water‐based applications. The blended membranes were prepared using the casting and immersion precipitation method. The blended membrane showed high fluxes, up to 1052 L/m2 h for 2 wt% of TTDP (in comparison to the bare membrane's 459 L/m2h). Notably, they demonstrated an excellent protein solution flux of 222–269 L/m2 h at 3 bar with 96%–98% bovine serum albumin rejection. Furthermore, these membranes showed remarkable efficacy in removing cadmium ions (up to 98.96% for 5 and 10 wt% TTDP) and synthetic dye methyl orange (up to 84.03% for 2 wt% TTDP).
Improved thermal conductivity of high‐density polyethylene by incorporating hybrid fillers of copper powders and silicon carbide whiskers
Authors: Yang Gengchen , Li Yao , Liang Mei , Xia Shuang , Zhou Shengtai , Zou Huawei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, highly electrically and thermally conductive copper powders (Cu) and electrically insulative yet thermally conductive silicon carbide whiskers (SiCw) were selected as functional fillers and high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) was used as the matrix to prepare thermal conductive composites. By controlling the amount of Cu at 30 vol% which is below percolation threshold, the volume resistivity of the composites is maintained above 1014 Ω cm. The results showed that SiCws entered the area which was not occupied by Cu particles and they played a bridging effect among Cu particles, thereby promoting the formation of intact thermal conductive pathways that contributed to improving the thermal conductivity of corresponding composites. The combination of SiCw:Cu = 3:1 at a filler content of 30 vol% resulted in a thermal conductivity as high as 1.921 W/mK, which is 380% higher than pure HDPE.
Artificial Solid Electrolyte Interface Securing the Reversible Deposition of Lithium for High Performance Lithium Batteries
Authors: Chen Xuanyi , Lin Kaiji , Wu Mengxue , Li Yuyuan , Shen Zhichuan , Wang Naiguang , Sun Yan , Li Chunsheng , Pan Jiahong , Alodhayb Abdullah N. , Shi Zhicong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLithium batteries (LBs) are among the most promising energy storage devices due to their high theoretical energy density. However, Li dendrites, which may grow in an uncontrolled manner during cycling, can puncture the electrolyte in LBs and cause a short circuit and thermal runaway. In this study, by using a simple coating process, a new type of organic/inorganic composite protective layer is constructed on a current collector by scraping PVDF and Li3PO4 particles on the surface of a copper foil. The prepared composite coating shows excellent mechanical and electrochemical properties, and the ability to maintain a stable coulombic efficiency of 98 % for lithium deposition and dissolution at 0.5 mA cm−2. This paper describes the mechanism of action of the prepared composite anode and proposes further improvements of the electrode.
Germ cell tumors, cell surface markers, and the early search for human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Andrews Peter W. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMany strands of research by different groups, starting from teratocarcinomas in the laboratory mouse, later moving the corresponding human tumors, contributed to the isolation and description of human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). In this review, I highlight the contributions from my own research, particularly at the Wistar Institute during the 1980s, when with my colleagues we characterized one of the first clonal lines of pluripotent human embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells, the stem cells of teratocarcinomas, and identified key features including cell surface antigen markers that have since found a place in the study and exploitation of human PSC. Much of this research depended upon close teamwork with colleagues, many in other laboratories, who contributed different expertise and experience. It was also often driven by circumstance and chance rather than pursuit of a grand design.
Biosynthesis of High Toughness Poly(3‐Hydroxypropionate)‐Based Block Copolymers With Poly(D‐2‐Hydroxybutyrate) and Poly(D‐Lactate) Segments Using Evolved Monomer Sequence‐Regulating Polyester Synthase
Authors: Kawakami Tomoya , Tomita Hiroya , Hien Phan Thi , Matsumoto Ken'ichiro 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThis study synthesized poly(3‐hydroxypropionate) [P(3HP)]‐containing polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) block copolymers, P(3HP)‐b‐P[2‐hydroxybutyrate (2HB)] and P(3HP)‐b‐P(D‐lactate) (PDLA), using Escherichia coli. The cells expressing an evolved sequence‐regulating PHA synthase, PhaCARNDFH, and propionyl‐CoA transferase were cultured with the supplementation of the corresponding monomer precursors in the medium. The block structure of P(3HP)‐b‐PDLA was confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and solvent fractionation. The molecular weights of the polymers were in the range of 0.8–2.8 × 105. The solvent‐cast polymer films were subjected to isothermal treatment to promote phase separation and crystallization and were subsequently melt‐quenched to produce an amorphous phase. The melt‐quenched P(3HP)‐b‐P(2HB) film exhibited a high elongation at break (1153%), resulting in a toughness of 181 MJ/m3. The solvent‐cast film of P(3HP)‐b‐65 mol% PDLA exhibited partial elastic deformation, in which the P(3HP) phase functioned as a soft segment. The melt‐quenching of the polymer resulted in embrittlement presumably due to the high lactate fraction. Overall, the P(3HP)‐based block copolymers exhibited several mechanical properties depending on the higher‐order structure of the polymer and the properties of the P(2‐hydroxyalkanoate) segments. This study findings show that P(3HP)‐b‐P(2HB) and P(3HP)‐b‐PDLA can function excellently if their microstructures are properly controlled.