bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optogenetic hedonic hotspots in orbitofrontal cortex and insula: causing enhancement of sweetness ‘liking’
Authors: Morales Ileana , Berridge Kent C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHedonic hotspots are brain subregions that causally amplify the hedonic impact of palatable tastes, measured as increases in affective orofacial ‘liking’ reactions to sweetness. Previously, two cortical hedonic hotspots in orbitofrontal cortex and insula were identified by neurochemical stimulation using opioid or orexin microinjections. Here we used optogenetic stimulation in rats as an independent neurobiological technique for activating cortical hedonic hotspots to identify hedonic functions and map boundaries. We report that channelrhodopsin stimulations within rostral orbitofrontal and caudal insula hotspots doubled the number of hedonic ‘liking’ reactions elicited by sucrose taste. This independently confirms their robust functional identity as causal amplifiers of hedonic ‘liking’ and confirms their anatomical boundaries. Additionally, we confirmed an intervening suppressive hedonic coldstrip, to stretching from caudal orbitofrontal cortex to rostral insula. By contrast to localized hedonic hotspots for ‘liking’ enhancement, motivational ‘wanting’ for reward, measured as laser self-stimulation, was mediated by more widely distributed anatomical sites.
Distinct neuromodulatory effects of endogenous orexin and dynorphin corelease on projection-defined ventral tegmental dopamine neurons
Authors: Mohammadkhani Aida , Qiao Min , Borgland Stephanie L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDopamine (DA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) respond to motivationally relevant cues and circuit-specific signaling drives different aspects of motivated behavior. Orexins (ox; also known as hypocretin) and dynorphin (dyn) are co-expressed lateral hypothalamic (LH) neuropeptides that project to the VTA. These peptides have opposing effects on the firing activity of VTADAneurons via orexin 1 (Ox1R) or kappa opioid (KOR) receptors, respectively. Given that Ox1R activation increases VTADAfiring, and KOR decreases firing, it is unclear how the co-released peptides contribute to the net activity of DA neurons. We tested if optical stimulation of LH neuromodulates VTADAneuronal activity via peptide release and if the effects of optically driven LHox/dynrelease segregates based on VTADAprojection targets including the basolateral amygdala (BLA) or the lateral or medial shell of the nucleus accumbens (lAcbSh, mAchSh). Using a combination of circuit tracing, optogenetics, and patch clamp electrophysiology in male and female orexincremice we showed a diverse response of LH optical stimulation on VTADAneuronal firing, that are not mediated by fast transmitter release and are blocked by antagonists to KOR and Ox1R signaling. Additionally, where optical stimulation of LHox/dyninputs in the VTA inhibited firing of the majority of BLA projecting VTADAneurons, optical stimulation of LH inputs in the VTA bidirectionally affects firing of either lAcbSh or mAchSh projecting VTADAneurons. These findings indicate that LHox/dyncorelease may influence the output of the VTA by balancing ensembles of neurons within each population which contribute to different aspects of reward seeking.Significance StatementThe mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system is known to play a crucial role in motivation and reward-learning and receives neuromodulatory input from the lateral hypothalamus (LH). We show that optical stimulation of the orexin-containing LH input in the VTA releases both orexin and dynorphin to bidirectionally alter VTADAfiring. Furthermore, orexin and dynorphin differentially modulate firing of DA inputs to the basolateral amygdala, whereby dynorphin predominates, or to the nucleus accumbens which is sensitive to both neuromodulators. Our findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the neuromodulatory effects of coreleased LH orexin and dynorphin on the VTADAsystem.
Biased estimates of phylogenetic branch lengths resulting from the discretised Gamma model of site rate heterogeneity
Authors: Ferretti Luca , Golubchik Tanya , Di Lauro Francesco , Ghafari Mahan , Villabona-Arenas Julian , Atkins Katherine E. , Fraser Christophe , Hall Matthew 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA standard procedure in phylogenetic reconstruction to represent variation in substitution rates between sites in the genome is the discrete Gamma model (DGM). Relative rates are assumed to be distributed according to a discretised Gamma distribution, where the probabilities that a site is included in each discrete class are equal. Here, we identify a serious bias in the branch lengths of reconstructed phylogenies when the DGM is used, whereby branch lengths are usually, and often substantially, overestimated, and the magnitude of this effect increases with the number of sequences in the alignment. We show that the alternative “FreeRate” model, which assumes no parametric distribution and allows the class probabilities to vary, is not subject to the issue. We further establish that reason for the behaviour is the equal class probabilities, not the discretisation itself. We recommend that the DGM be retired from general use. We note that FreeRate is an immediately available replacement, but that it is highly parameterised and known to be difficult to fit, and thus there is scope for innovation in rate heterogeneity models. In a mathematical appendix, we explore the reasons for the phenomenon in more detail. We give an expression for the likelihood of a star tree with uniform branch lengths according to some simplifying assumptions, and use this to estimate the magnitude of the phenomenon for different values of that branch length and alignment size. We show that the effect occurs when the amount of mutation (in substitutions per site) in the sites of the observed alignment differs from that in the unobserved “true” phylogeny, and further that the magnitude of the effect is determined by the mean relative rate of evolution amongst the observed sites. Finally, by investigating the case where the true underlying rate heterogeneity distribution is FreeRate with variable class probabilities but the reconstruction insists on equal probabilities, we show that branches lengths will be overestimated where there is a long-tail of fast-evolving sites in the true rate distribution, the usual situation in real datasets. We finish by giving an example of how to explicitly calculate the magnitude of the effect for a simple case where the true underlying continuous Gamma distribution is an exponential distribution and the reconstruction method uses two equal probability classes.
A modified dual preparatory method for improved isolation of nucleic acids from laser microdissected fresh-frozen human cancer tissue specimens
Authors: Kimble Danielle C. , Litzi Tracy J. , Snyder Gabrielle , Olowu Victoria , TaQee Sakiyah , Conrads Kelly A. , Loffredo Jeremy , Bateman Nicholas W. , Alba Camille , Rice Elizabeth , Shriver Craig D. , Maxwell George L. , Dalgard Clifton , Conrads Thomas P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA central theme in cancer research is to increase our understanding of the cancer tissue microenvironment (TME), which is comprised of a complex and spatially heterogeneous ecosystem of malignant and non-malignant cells, both of which actively contribute to an intervening extracellular matrix. Laser microdissection (LMD) enables histology selective harvest of cellular subpopulations from the tissue microenvironment for their independent molecular investigation, such as by high-throughput DNA and RNA sequencing. Although enabling, LMD often requires a labor-intensive investment to harvest enough cells to achieve the necessary DNA and/or RNA input requirements for conventional next generation sequencing workflows. To increase efficiencies, we sought to use a commonplace dual preparatory (DP) procedure to isolate DNA and RNA from the same LMD harvested tissue samples. While the yield of DNA from the DP protocol was satisfactory, the RNA yield from the LMD harvested tissue samples was significantly poorer compared to a dedicated RNA preparation procedure. We identified that this low yield of RNA was due to incomplete partitioning of RNA in this widely used DP protocol. Here we describe a modified DP protocol that effectively partitions nucleic acids and results in significantly improved RNA yields from LMD harvested cells.
Destination image change through the course of a visit: a longitudinal study
Authors: Tasci Asli D.A. , Moreno-Gil Sergio 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
Image change through visit experience with a destination is a common assumption, yet with rare empirical support to date. Thus, this study treats destination image as an interactive system of cognitive and affective components that are dynamic and changing through the course of an experience with a destination.

Design/methodology/approach
This longitudinal study tracks the change in images of 162 European visitors to the Gran Canaria Island one month before a two-week trip, on the last day of the trip, one month after the trip, and one year after the trip. A one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc tests was conducted to evaluate the change in visitors’ cognitive, affective, or holistic images of Gran Canaria Island.

Findings
The Gran Canaria Island’s one-month post-visit image was more positive than the pre-visit image reflecting an improvement because of visitation. However, this improvement did not last long since the one-year post-visit image was not as positive as the one-month post-visit image. Surprisingly though, principle component analysis revealed more factors with more image items in the pre-visit image, whereas post-visit image factors were fewer in numbers and more generic, reflecting a reduction of details in the image after the visit.

Originality/value
This study is one of the very few efforts that contribute empirical evidence for the role of visitation in destination image evolution. It focuses on the pre and post-visit changes in the cognitive image and pre-, during, and post-visit changes in affective and overall images of a tourist destination in Europe.
The resilience of the construction supply chain to urban flooding
Authors: Xu Wenping , Du Wenwen , Proverbs David G. 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThis study aims to determine the key indicators affecting the resilience of the construction supply chain to flooding and calculate the resilience of the urban construction supply chain in three cases city.Design/methodology/approachThis study combines expert opinions and literature review to determine key indicators and establish a fuzzy EWM-GRA-TOPSIS evaluation model. The index weight was calculated using the entropy weight method, and GRA-TOPSIS was used for comprehensive evaluation.FindingsThe results of the study show that the three cities are ranked from the high to low in order of Hangzhou, Hefei and Zhengzhou.Originality/valueThe innovative method adopted in this study comprising EWM-GRA-TOPSIS reduced the influence of subjectivity, fully extracted and utilized data, in a way that respects objective reality. Further, this approach enabled the absolute and relative level of urban construction supply chain resilience to be identified, allowing improvements in the comprehensiveness of decision-making. The method is relatively simple, reasonable, understandable, and computationally efficient. Within the approach, the entropy weight method was used to assign different index weights, and the GRA-TOPSIS was used to rank the resilience of the construction supply chain in three urban cities. The development of resilience provides a robust decision-making basis and theoretical reference, further enriching research methods, and having strong practical value. The study serves to improve risk awareness and resilience, which in turn helps to reduce losses. It also provides enhanced awareness regarding the future enhancement of supply chain resilience for urban construction.
A study on the formulation of process parameters for soft finger-assisted fabric stitching
Authors: Zhu Yanxi , Shen Jinzhu , Wang Jianping , Zhang Fan , Yao Xiaofeng 
Published: August 2024

PurposeTo reduce the difficulty of the sewing process and promote the automation process of fabric sewing, a soft finger-assisted feeding method is proposed to investigate the effect of sewing process parameters on the quality of automatic sewing.Design/methodology/approachTaking cotton woven fabrics as an example, the causes of sewing deviation are firstly investigated from three aspects: fabric properties, sewing speed and sewing edge position. By simulating the sewing action of human hands, the method of reducing sewing deviation by using soft fingers to press and feed the fabric is proposed. Then, four sewing process factors, namely, robot arm end pressure, sewing machine speed, sewing needle gauge and stitch density, were selected, and three levels were set for each factor to design orthogonal sewing experiments. The sewing deviation of 1# sample under different sewing processes was measured, and the optimal parameter matching for automatic sewing of this specimen was derived.FindingsThe findings demonstrate that, while sewing cloth automatically, the sewing deviation is significantly influenced by the robotic arm's end pressure, sewing speed, and stitch density, whereas the sewing deviation is not significantly impacted by the needle number.Originality/valueThe findings offer fundamental information for the development of an automated sewing procedure using soft fingers, which has theoretical and real-world application value to speed up the intelligent modernization and transformation of the apparel industry.
Visual SLAM algorithm in dynamic environment based on deep learning
Authors: Yu Yingjie , Chen Shuai , Yang Xinpeng , Xu Changzhen , Zhang Sen , Xiao Wendong 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
This paper proposes a self-supervised monocular depth estimation algorithm under multiple constraints, which can generate the corresponding depth map end-to-end based on RGB images. On this basis, based on the traditional visual simultaneous localisation and mapping (VSLAM) framework, a dynamic object detection framework based on deep learning is introduced, and dynamic objects in the scene are culled during mapping.

Design/methodology/approach
Typical SLAM algorithms or data sets assume a static environment and do not consider the potential consequences of accidentally adding dynamic objects to a 3D map. This shortcoming limits the applicability of VSLAM in many practical cases, such as long-term mapping. In light of the aforementioned considerations, this paper presents a self-supervised monocular depth estimation algorithm based on deep learning. Furthermore, this paper introduces the YOLOv5 dynamic detection framework into the traditional ORBSLAM2 algorithm for the purpose of removing dynamic objects.

Findings
Compared with Dyna-SLAM, the algorithm proposed in this paper reduces the error by about 13%, and compared with ORB-SLAM2 by about 54.9%. In addition, the algorithm in this paper can process a single frame of image at a speed of 15–20 FPS on GeForce RTX 2080s, far exceeding Dyna-SLAM in real-time performance.

Originality/value
This paper proposes a VSLAM algorithm that can be applied to dynamic environments. The algorithm consists of a self-supervised monocular depth estimation part under multiple constraints and the introduction of a dynamic object detection framework based on YOLOv5.
Financial accountability discharged from local government financial statements: an institutional theory approach to accounting change
Authors: Haustein Ellen , Lorson Peter C. , Oulasvirta Lasse Olavi , Sinervo Lotta-Maria 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
By focusing on the perspective of politicians, this paper aims to question the change brought about by local government financial statements for accountability. It applies the Burns and Scapens’ (2000) framework of accounting change to explore politicians’ routines when using the accrual accounting information and which type of change was induced by financial statements on financial accountability to politicians and citizens.

Design/methodology/approach
Considering that accounting reforms take time to unfold their effects, this paper studies two countries that have 11 years of difference in the reform implementation and thus a different accounting maturity. A qualitative research approach was used based on 55 semistructured interviews in five Finnish and six German municipalities with 25 councilors from Finland and 30 from Germany.

Findings
Councilors with a longer period of time to adjust to the accounting reforms seem to have developed more routines in using financial statements to assess the financial situation and performance. The change induced in accountability to politicians is partly formal and more evolutionary than revolutionary. The complexity of financial statements can lead to regressive change, especially in financially distressed local governments. As for accountability to citizens, a real change is not observed, reflecting a regressive type of change.

Originality/value
The study contributes to the empirical studies on financial accountability in the public sector context by analyzing the use of financial statements in two-way accountability relations from the perspective of politicians. Thereby, the paper adopts a transnational comparative approach and draws on old institutional economics.
Coaching workshops for managing communication challenges perceived by emergency nurses in Morocco: a pilot experiment
Authors: Chahbounia Rabia , Gantare Abdellah 
Published: August 2024

PurposeIn emergency departments, effective communication is of utmost importance to ensure the safety of patients. However, communicating can be quite challenging when dealing with high-stress situations. This study aims to assess the efficacy of coaching workshops, informed by a transtheoretical coaching model, in managing communication challenges perceived by emergency nurses and enhancing their communication skills.Design/methodology/approachThe study involved seven emergency room nurses working at a public hospital in Morocco. The data were gathered through various instruments, including observation grids, interviews and pre- and post-test questionnaires.FindingsThe study identified prevalent challenges in communication among nurses, notably difficulties in accurately interpreting messages when faced with confrontational attitudes from colleagues or superiors. Additionally, some nurses exhibited asymmetrical communication patterns, prioritizing their own perspectives over others' during interactions. The findings revealed a statistically significant disparity between pre- and post-test scores (P = 0.017). The nurses’ mean score has improved by 5.14 after attending the four workshop coaching experience, passing from 5.71 in the pre-test to 10.85 in the post-test.Originality/valueThis is the first study in Morocco to evaluate the effectiveness of coaching workshops guided by a transtheoretical coaching model in improving communication skills and overcoming communication barriers among working emergency nurses.
Unveiling organizational consciousness: a conceptual framework for nurturing thriving organizations
Authors: Ajmal Muhammad , Islam Azmat , Islam Zeenat 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThis article aims to tackle the organization's problems with a new paradigm of organizational consciousness by developing a framework.Design/methodology/approachThe Phenomenological and Framework Synthesis approach is used to develop the conceptual framework for organizational consciousness.FindingsThe research article highlights organizational consciousness's implications for long-term sustainable success. It emphasizes the positive impact of conscious organizations on stakeholder well-being and the resolution of environmental and social problems.Originality/valueThe organizational consciousness framework encompasses the collective awareness, values, and purpose that guide an organization's actions and decisions. The framework emphasizes aligning organizational values, needs, and goals with all stakeholders' social, environmental, and well-being. It highlights the interconnectedness of stakeholders and encourages a system-thinking perspective. Furthermore, it acknowledges the role of individual and group consciousness in driving organizational transformation. It discusses the pathway to organizational success through conscious practices, emphasizing value creation beyond monetary gain. It explores the role of conscious leadership, innovative and continuous learning, and adaptation in fostering conscious organizations.
Population structure and pathogen interaction of Escherichia coli in freshwater: Implications of land‐use for water quality and public health in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Cookson Adrian L. , Devane Meg , Marshall Jonathan C. , Moinet Marie , Gardner Amanda , Collis Rose M. , Rogers Lynn , Biggs Patrick J. , Pita Anthony B. , Cornelius Angela J. , Haysom Iain , Hayman David T. S. , Gilpin Brent J. , Leonard Margaret 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFreshwater samples (n = 199) were obtained from 41 sites with contrasting land‐uses (avian, low impact, dairy, urban, sheep and beef, and mixed sheep, beef and dairy) and the E. coli phylotype of 3980 isolates (20 per water sample enrichment) was determined. Eight phylotypes were identified with B1 (48.04%), B2 (14.87%) and A (14.79%) the most abundant. Escherichia marmotae (n = 22), and Escherichia ruysiae (n = 1), were rare (0.68%) suggesting that these environmental strains are unlikely to confound water quality assessments. Phylotypes A and B1 were overrepresented in dairy and urban sites (p < 0.0001), whilst B2 were overrepresented in low impact sites (p < 0.0001). Pathogens ((Salmonella, Campylobacter, Cryptosporidium or Giardia) and the presence of diarrhoeagenic E. coli‐associated genes (stx and eae) were detected in 89.9% (179/199) samples, including 80.5% (33/41) of samples with putative non‐recent faecal inputs. Quantitative PCR to detect microbial source tracking targets from human, ruminant and avian contamination were concordant with land‐use type and E. coli phylotype abundance. This study demonstrated that a potential recreational health risk remains where pathogens occurred in water samples with low E. coli concentration, potential non‐recent faecal sources, low impact sites and where human, ruminant and avian faecal sources were absent.