bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A rare case: Vena cava inferior agenesis with aberrant hepatic vein in an asymptomatic patient
Authors: Karasu S. , Demir R. O. , Apaydin M. , Erdogan N. K. , Oyar O. , Kalayci T. O. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryInferior vena cava agenesis is a rare anomaly in an asymptomatic patient. A 58-year-old female patient with complete absence of the inferior vena cava and aberrant right hepatic vein is presented with radiologic findings. To our best knowledge, such a combination of venous anomalies has not previously been documented in the literature and this is the first case in the literature due to the coincidence of total inferior vena cava agenesis with aberrant hepatic vein.
Long-term results after radiofrequency ablation in 1998
Authors: Brunner A. , Noppeney J. , Noppeney T. 
Published: July 2014

Summary
Introduction: In 1998, radiofrequency ablation (VNUS Closure Plus™) was authorised in Germany and Europe for the treatment of superficial reflux. We participated in a clinical registry set up by the manufacturing company in 1998. The aim of this retrospective paper was to analyse the long-term results after radiofrequency ablation.
Materials, methods and patients: In 1998, we operated on twelve patients (8 women, 4 men). In accordance with the concept of standard vein stripping surgery, all endovenous ablations were combined with crossectomy or ligature of the saphenopopliteal junction. Each vein was thermally ablated over its entire length and no tumescent anaesthesia was performed. The mean age of the twelve patients was 44.9 years. On ten occasions, the entire length of the great saphenous vein was treated, on one occasion the great saphenous vein at the level of the lower leg and on one occasion the entire length of the small saphenous vein. The mean duration of surgery was 80 minutes.
Results: The follow-up period was 3 to 168 months, with a mean duration of 80 months. Six patients were followed up for longer than 120 months. In eight cases, the follow-up examination was performed using duplex ultrasound, in two cases using clinical examination and non-invasive testing, in one case using clinical examination and in one case via a telephone interview.The most frequent perioperative complication, occurring in six cases, was hypaesthesia at the medial malleolus or lower leg. There was one case of perioperative thrombophlebitis of a lateral branch in the lower leg and one case of a third-degree thigh burn with subsequent infection of the great saphenous vein canal. No deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism occurred in any of the operated patients.Of the eleven great saphenous veins treated, one recanalised after 14 months, the others had closed or were no longer detectable on ultrasound. The small saphenous vein treated was also no longer detectable.In one patient, a major recurrence at the saphenofemoral junction with recurrent lateral branches in the thigh and lower leg were determined 168 months after surgery. No recurrent varicosis was determined in the other patients.
Genital lymphoedema as an early symptom of a signet-ring cell carcinoma
Authors: Uhlemann H. , Hirsch T. 
Published: July 2014

ZusammenfassungEin 51-jähriger Mann stellt sich wegen eines rasch progredienten Bein- und Genitallymphödems vor. Die komplexe physikalische Entstauung bleibt ohne Erfolg. Nach ergebnisloser Bildgebung wird in der endoskopischen Exploration ein metastasierendes Siegelring-Karzinom der Kardia als Ursache nachgewiesen.
CRITICAL CARE ECHO ROUNDS: Haemodynamic instability
Authors: Roshdy Ashraf , Francisco Nadia , Rendon Alejandro , Gillon Stuart , Walker David 
Published: July 2014

The use of echocardiography, whilst well established in cardiology, is a relatively new concept in critical care medicine. However, in recent years echocardiography's potential as both a diagnostic tool and a form of advanced monitoring in the critically ill patient has been increasingly recognised. In this series of Critical Care Echo Rounds, we explore the role of echocardiography in critical illness, beginning here with haemodynamic instability. We discuss the pathophysiology of the shock state, the techniques available to manage haemodynamic compromise, and the unique role which echocardiography plays in this complex process.Case:A 69-year-old female presents to the emergency department with a fever, confusion and pain on urinating. Her blood pressure on arrival was 70/40, with heart rate of 117 bpm Despite 3 l of i.v. fluid she remained hypotensive. A central venous catheter was inserted and noradrenaline infusion commenced, and she was admitted to the intensive care unit for management of her shock state. At 6 h post admission, she was on high dose of noradrenaline (0.7 μg/kg per min) but blood pressure remained problematic. An echocardiogram was requested to better determine her haemodynamic state.
Transmission electron microscopy analysis of secondary phases in Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film solar cells
Authors: Li Wei , Liu Ziheng , Chen Jian , Liu Fangyang , Hao Xiaojing 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTSecondary phases are likely to occur in the Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) films since the CZTS is thermodynamically stable in only a narrow region of the phase diagram. The CZTS solar cell performance can be influenced by the existence and precipitated position of secondary phases. Therefore, locally investigate the distribution of secondary phases is important to further improve CZTS solar cell efficiency. In this study, two different kinds of transmission electron microscopy imaging techniques, bright field scanning TEM image (BF-STEM) and High-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) image, are applied to analyze the distribution of secondary phases. Due to the atomic number differences between CZTS and secondary phases, secondary phases are evident in the HAADF images. Therefore, HAADF image is a more powerful and convenient method to analyze the secondary phases than the BF-STEM image.
Evaluating Methods for Intersectoral Comparison of Quality of Care
Authors: Ohlmeier C. , Linder R. , Enders D. , Mikolajczyk R. , Haverkamp W. , HorenkampSonntag D. , Garbe E. 
Published: July 2014

Summary
Objectives: To compare the quality of care regarding the use of elective percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) in the inpatient and outpatient setting and to evaluate different methods of confounder control in this context.
Methods: Based on data of three statutory health insurances including more than nine million insurance members, a retrospective cohort study between 2005 and 2009 was conducted. The occurrence of myocardial infarction, stroke, further coronary intervention and death was ascertained following the first PCI in the study period, which was preceded by a one-year period without a PCI. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess the influence of the setting of the elective PCI on the risk for complications after the PCI for each outcome separately. Age, sex, the number of diseases of the Elixhauser comorbidity measure, past acute coronary syndrome, coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia, past stroke, past coronary artery bypass surgery and the year of the PCI were included as covariables. The analyses were repeated in a propensity score matched cohort as well as in inverse probability of treatment weighted analyses.
Results: The cohort comprised 4,269 patients with an outpatient PCI and 26,044 patients with an inpatient PCI. The majority of the analyses revealed no statistically significant effect of the setting of the PCI on the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke and further coronary interventions, whereas a reduced mortality risk was observed for out-patient PCIs. Similar results were obtained in the propensity score analyses.
Conclusions: The analysis revealed that the adjusted risk for complications following an elective PCI is similar between the inpatient and the outpatient setting. For mortality the risk differed but this might be explained by residual or unmeasured confounding. The different methods applied in this study revealed mostly similar results. Since our study only covered one aspect of quality of care in the field of PCI and did not consider drug treatment in hospital or in the outpatient setting, further studies are needed which include these aspects.
ASPECTOS COMUNICACIONAIS DA EDUCAÇÃO NAS MÍDIAS SOCIAIS DIGITAIS: O CASO DO YOUTUBE
Authors: De QUADROS Claudia Irene , De QUADROS JR Itanel Bastos 
Published: July 2014

São estudados aspectos comunicacionais dos vídeos educativos no Youtube, uma plataforma de distribuição de conteúdo. De caráter ensaístico, o artigo propõe refletir sobre algumas ações no compartilhamento de conteúdo feitas em ambientes colaborativos. São ações que renovam a aprendizagem, que valorizam o indivíduo e que fazem a escola pensar em novas estratégias de ensino.
Tocar a través del cuadro: una genealogía del interfaz como metáfora de control en el espacio del arte, el cine y los videojuegos
Authors: Cuadrado Alvarado Alfonso 
Published: July 2014

ResumenEl objetivo del artículo es examinar las relaciones que el interfaz mantiene con el concepto de pantalla y cuadro en el arte, la realidad virtual, el cine y los videojuegos.Para ello se establece una genealogía de la mediación a través de la pantalla desde el nacimiento de la perspectiva en el Renacimiento, como punto de inicio de la representación visual dominante, hasta el presente.El análisis muestra los cambios en la relación entre los tres elementos de la representación: el espectador, la pantalla y la escena, que se han producido por el surgimiento de las vanguardias artísticas y el arte interactivo como reacción al modelo de representación realista. Este recorrido lleva a concluir que el interfaz además de su papel mediador, se ha convertido en el paradigma de la comunicación actual, integrándose en el proceso de relevo que la representación realista ha dado al mito digital.AbstractThe aim of the paper is to examine the relationships maintained with the interface screen concept and box art, virtual reality, film and video games.To do a genealogy of mediation is established through the screen from the birth of perspective in the Renaissance, as the starting point of the dominant visual representation to present.The analysis shows the changes in the relationship between the three elements of the representation: the viewer, the screen and the scene, which were caused by the emergence of the avant-garde and interactive art in reaction to model realistic representation. This route leads to the conclusion that the interface in addition to its mediating role, has become the paradigm of modern communication, integrated into the process of relief that realistic digital representation has given myth.
The impact of diagnosis delay on European patients with generalised myasthenia gravis
Authors: Cortés‐Vicente Elena , Borsi Andras J. , Gary Charlotte , Noel Wim G.J. , Lee Jennifer M.S. , Karmous Wisam , Zhang Qiaoyi , Gandhi Kavita H. , Batista Alberto E. , DeCourcy Jonathan J. , Barlow Sophie G. , Birija Shiva L. , Gibson Gregor A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective was to determine the mean duration of diagnosis delay for patients with myasthenia gravis from five European countries and explore the impact of >1 year diagnosis delay.MethodsPatients with myasthenia gravis (N = 387) from Europe (France/Germany/Italy/Spain/United Kingdom) and their physicians participated in the Adelphi Real World Myasthenia Gravis Disease Specific Programme™. Diagnosis delay (time from symptom onset to diagnosis) was calculated and characteristics described for patients experiencing >1 year and ≤1 year diagnosis delay. Denominators varied according to outcome as missing data were not imputed.ResultsMean (standard deviation) diagnosis delay was 363.1 (520.9) days, and 27.1% (105 out of 387) of patients experienced diagnosis delay >1 year. Among patients with >1 year and ≤1 year diagnosis delay, respectively, 69.2% (72 out of 104) and 17.4% [45 out of 259] had initially received a different diagnosis (physician‐reported); 40.0% (42 out of 105) and 24.1% (68 out of 282) were Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America class III at the time of the survey (physician‐reported); 72.4% (76 out of 105) and 61.3% (173 out of 282) had fatigue (subjective physician reporting from a pre‐selected list of symptoms); 30.5% (32 out of 105) and 17.4% (49 out of 282) had anxiety and 21.9% (23 out of 105) and 13.1% (37 out of 282) had depression (both subjective physician reporting from a pre‐selected list, Likert‐style); and mean (standard deviation) MG‐QoL‐15r score was 14.4 (5.50) and 12.6 (7.84) (self‐reported by N = 43 and N = 74 patients, respectively).InterpretationMore than a quarter of patients with myasthenia gravis experienced diagnosis delay of >1 year. These patients had a different clinical profile with regards to severity, symptoms, comorbidities and MG‐QoL‐15r score, compared with patients experiencing ≤1 year diagnosis delay.
Strong d‐p Orbital Hybridization of Os‐P via Ultrafast Microwave Plasma Assistance for Anion Exchange Membrane Electrolysis
Authors: Li Qichang , Fu Xiaowei , Li Hongdong , Xiao Zhenyu , Xu Guangrui , Chen Dehong , Li Caixia , Jin Wei , Ma Tianyi , Wu Zexing , Wang Lei , Feng Shouhua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOrbital hybridization is a promising approach to modulating the electronic structure of the designed electrocatalysts to boost reaction kinetics. In contrast to d‐d hybridization, p‐d orbital hybridization between p‐block elements and d‐block metals can provide new opportunities to modulate the electronic properties and thus promote the catalytic performance. Herein, a phosphorus‐doped osmium (P‐Os) catalyst is designed through ultrafast (20 s) microwave plasma engineering. Theoretical calculations verify the d‐p orbital hybridization between P and Os, leading to the modulation of the d‐band center of the Os active site. Specifically, P neighboring Os exhibit the highest catalytic activity, facilitating crucial processes such as H2O/H* adsorption and dissociation. The overpotential of P‐Os in alkaline seawater is only 152 mV at 1 A cm−2, which is superior to the reported seawater electrocatalysts. Moreover, the synthesized P‐Os catalysts are integrated into an anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolyzer, demonstrating remarkable performance. The AEM electrolyzer requires 1.86/2.02 V to achieve 500/1000 mA cm−2 current densities. Then, the achieved P‐Os have great potential for practical electrocatalytic water‐splitting applications.
Optimization of Vascularized Intestinal Organoid Model
Authors: Wen Zhang , Orduno Mariabelen , Liang Zixie , Gong Xiangyu , Mak Michael 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVasculature is crucial for maintaining organ homeostasis and metabolism. Although 3D organoids can mimic organ structures and patterns, they still lack vascular systems, limiting the recapitulation of physiological complexities. Although vascularization of organoids has been demonstrated by mixing Matrigel in fibrin, how the mixed gel niche affects endothelial cells (ECs) and organoids remains unclear. Existing protocols rely on fibroblasts to promote vascular network formation. This study explores how varying the ratio of Matrigel in fibrin‐Matrigel co‐gel affects vascular network formation and intestinal organoid growth. A fine‐tuned hydrogel is developed by adding aprotinin and 15% Matrigel in fibrin. Medium for co‐culturing ECs and organoids is modified with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and heparin. In combination with fine‐tuned hydrogel and modified medium, vascular network formation and organoid vascularization are successfully generated in the absence of fibroblast. Furthermore, structural cues and pore architectures are critical for angiogenesis and vascularization. By incorporating engineered thick collagen fiber bundles into the system, vascular network formation is guided by bundle architectures, enhancing interactions between vascular networks and organoids. The results demonstrate an optimized system that advances tissue and organoid vascularization by combining fiber bundles with fine‐tuned hydrogel and modified medium.
Unveiling the Role of Electric Double‐Layer in Sulfur Catalysis for Batteries
Authors: Geng Chuannan , Jiang Xin , Hong Shuang , Wang Li , Zhao Yufei , Qi Jiangshan , Shi Jiwei , Wang Junjie , Peng Linkai , Hu Zhonghao , Guo Yong , Jin Feng‐Min , Yang Quan‐Hong , Lv Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe metal‐catalyzed sulfur reaction in lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries usually suffers from the strong binding of sulfur species to the catalyst surface, which destroys the electric double layer (EDL) region there. This causes rapid catalyst deactivation because it prevents the desorption of sulfur species and mass transport through the EDL is hindered. This work introduces a competitive adsorption factor (fsulfur) as a new indicator to quantify the competitive adsorption of sulfur species in the EDL and proposes an alloying method to change it by strengthening the p–d hybridization of alloying metals with electrolyte solvents. A cobalt–zinc alloy catalyst with a moderate fsulfur lowers the activation energy of the rate‐limiting step of the conversion of lithium polysulfides to lithium sulfide, giving a platform capacity proportion that is 96% of the theoretical value and has a greatly improved anti‐passivation ability, especially at high sulfur loadings and lean electrolyte conditions (a low E/S ratio of 5 µL mgS−1). A pouch cell using this approach has a high energy density of up to 464 Wh kg−1. Such a competitive adsorption indicator and alloying strategy offer a new guideline for catalyst design and a practical electrocatalysis solution for Li–S batteries.
All Bio‐Based µ‐Beads from Microalgae for Probiotics Delivery
Authors: Vona Danilo , Cicco Stefania Roberta , la Forgia Flavia Maria , Vacca Mirco , Porrelli Annalisa , Caggiano Gianvito , De Angelis Maria , Gesualdo Loreto , Farinola Gianluca Maria 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe food of the future aims to offer several essential qualities: i) environmental respect in sourcing raw materials; ii) sustainable transformation processes; iii) enrichment with probiotic microorganisms; iv) biocompatible natural matrices. These features both enhance the nutritional value of the food and improve its pharmacological and immunological properties. When probiotics are introduced into gut in adequate densities through diet, they symbiotically promote health by boosting immune defense, producing beneficial organic molecules, and providing essential metabolic pathways for better nutrient assimilation and biotransformation. A major challenge with probiotics is their low resistance to gastrointestinal (GI) transit due to pH and other adverse hydro‐ionic conditions affecting their viability. Here, diatom microalgae (Coscinodiscus granii) is presented as a natural source of micro‐pills, functionalized with biopolymers (Shellac and Chitosan) for enteric protection, with a loading value of 71 ± 7%, higher in comparison with the loading capacity tested for two other commercial polymers. Moreover, biosilica embedded and sealed with the enteric polymers best‐protected probiotics under pH changes, and thermal and storage stresses by one‐fold more than the control probiotics without or with the lone shielding polymers. These work outcomes describe envisaging silica hybrid microcarriers obtained from living microalgae, effectively protecting probiotics in an entirely biological formulation.
A novel de novo synonymous variant in GREB1L impacts the mRNA splicing associated with aplasia of the urogenital system
Authors: Wang Yaoping , Wang Hongdan , Yang Wenke , Guo Han , Zhang Mengting , Gao Yue , Kang Bing , Liao Shixiu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGREB1‐like retinoic acid receptor coactivator (GREB1L) gene is associated with autosomal dominant renal hypodysplasia/aplasia 3 (RHDA3) and deafness, autosomal dominant 80 (DFNA80). Among the GREB1L variants reported, most of them are missense or frameshift, while no pathogenic synonymous variants have been recorded. Classical theory paid little attention to synonymous variants and classified it as nonpathogenic; however, recent studies suggest that the variants might be equally important. Here, we report a 7‐year‐old girl with new symptoms of clitoromegaly, uterovaginal, and ovarian agenesis as well as right kidney missing. A novel de novo GREB1L synonymous variant (NM_001142966: c.4731C>T, p.G1577=) was identified via whole exome sequencing. The variant was predicted to be disease‐causing through in silico analysis and was classified as likely pathogenic. Minigene splicing assays confirmed a 6 bp deletion in mutant cDNA comparing with the wild type, leading to two amino acids lost in GREB1L protein. Secondary and tertiary structure modeling showed alterations in protein structure. Our finding reveals a novel GREB1L variant with a new phenotype of urogenital system and is the first to report a pathogenic synonymous variant in GREB1L which affects mRNA splicing, suggesting synonymous variants cannot be ignored in prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling.
Synthesis of Secondary Boronates via Deaminative Cross‐Coupling of Alkyl Nitroso Carbamates and Boronic Acids
Authors: Paul Shashwati , Brown M. Kevin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA strategy for transition metal‐free cross‐coupling of alkyl nitroso‐carbamates and boronic acids is reported. The N‐nitroso carbamates are easily prepared from the corresponding amine in two simple steps. This method allows for the synthesis of a wide variety of secondary boronates, benzylic boronates and formal Csp3−Csp2 cross‐coupling products under operationally simple conditions. Functional group tolerance is also demonstrated and applied in the modification of lysine to make non‐canonical amino acids.
Electron Deficiency is More Important than Conductivity in C−N Coupling for Electrocatalytic Urea Synthesis
Authors: Wang Yujie , Zhu Xiaorong , An Qizheng , Zhang Xiaoran , Wei Xiaoxiao , Chen Chen , Li Han , Chen Dawei , Zhou Yangyang , Liu Qinghua , Shao Huaiyu , Wang Shuangyin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe electrocatalytic C−N coupling from CO2 and nitrate emerges as one of the solutions for waste upgrading and urea synthesis. In this work, we constructed electron‐deficient Cu sites by the strong metal‐polymer semiconductor interaction, to boost efficient and durable urea synthesis. In situ Raman spectroscopy identified the existence of electron‐deficient Cu sites and was able to withstand electrochemical reduction conditions. Operando synchrotron‐radiation Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and theoretical calculations disclosed the vital role of electron‐deficient Cu in adsorption and C−N coupling of oxygen‐containing species. The electron‐deficient Cu displayed a high urea yield rate of 255.0 mmol h−1 g−1 at −1.4 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode and excellent electrochemical durability, superior than that of non‐electron‐deficient counterpart with conductive carbon material as the support. It can be concluded that the regulation of site electronic structure is more important than the optimization of catalyst conductive properties in the C−N coupling reactions.
Reaction Mechanisms of High‐Rate Copper Electrochemical Machining in Nitrate Electrolytes
Authors: Jakob Leonie , Bartsch Jonas , Krossing Ingo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe high‐rate electrochemical dissolution of copper in nitrate electrolytes is investigated primarily via polarization curves, while varying parameters such as the electrolyte flow velocity, the electrolyte resistance, the anode geometry, and the temperature. This study focuses on the re‐rise in current at high voltages after the limiting current plateau. As a result of the studies, a change in the complexation mechanism from hydration to “solvo‐nitration” is proposed, which requires an additional potential drop within the electrochemical double layer.