bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spermatocytes have the capacity to segregate chromosomes despite centriole duplication failure
Authors: Skinner Marnie W , Simington Carter J , López-Jiménez Pablo , Baran Kerstin A , Xu Jingwen , Dayani Yaron , Pryzhkova Marina V , Page Jesús , Gómez Rocío , Holland Andrew J , Jordan Philip W 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCentrosomes are the canonical microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) of most mammalian cells, including spermatocytes. Centrosomes comprise a centriole pair within a structurally ordered and dynamic pericentriolar matrix (PCM). Unlike in mitosis, where centrioles duplicate once per cycle, centrioles undergo two rounds of duplication during spermatogenesis. The first duplication is during early meiotic prophase I, and the second is during interkinesis. Using mouse mutants and chemical inhibition, we have blocked centriole duplication during spermatogenesis and determined that non-centrosomal MTOCs (ncMTOCs) can mediate chromosome segregation. This mechanism is different from the acentriolar MTOCs that form bipolar spindles in oocytes, which require PCM components, including gamma-tubulin and CEP192. From an in-depth analysis, we identified six microtubule-associated proteins, TPX2, KIF11, NuMA, and CAMSAP1-3, that localized to the non-centrosomal MTOC. These factors contribute to a mechanism that ensures bipolar MTOC formation and chromosome segregation during spermatogenesis when centriole duplication fails. However, despite the successful completion of meiosis and round spermatid formation, centriole inheritance and PLK4 function are required for normal spermiogenesis and flagella assembly, which are critical to ensure fertility.
The threat of zero‐dynamics attack on non‐linear cyber‐physical systems
Authors: Norouzi Mobarakeh Amir , Ataei Mohammad , Hooshmand Rahmat‐Allah 
Published: June 2024

AbstractZero‐dynamics attack (ZDA) is a destructive stealthy cyberattack that threatens cyber‐physical systems (CPS). The authors have warned about the risk of a cyberattack by introducing a new general ZDA that can be effective and robust in non‐linear multiple‐input multiple‐output CPS. In this proposed attack policy, the adversary extracts the sensor and actuator online data on the network platform. Then, by utilising a state observer and considering specific delay times, the attacker injects a ZDA signal into the actuator channels of the cyber‐physical system. As a result, the internal dynamics will diverge from the nominal working region of the controlled cyber‐physical system, while the outputs remain close to the actual outputs of the attack‐free system. Therefore, this cyberattack can remain stealthy, and it can also be robust against revealing signals. The efficiency of this new attack policy is demonstrated in the simulation results for a continuous stirred tank reactor regarded as a cyber‐physical system.
Optimal bidding strategy for generation companies alliance in electricity‐carbon‐green certificate markets
Authors: Lu Zhilin , Zhan Bochun , Li Zihao , Leng Yuan , Yang Xinhe , Wen Fushuan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo promote the profit of generation companies and reduce carbon emissions from the generation sector, a two‐layer decision‐making model based on the cooperative game is proposed. Based on the analysis of a renewable‐fossil energy generation alliance to participate in electricity‐carbon‐green certificate markets, a robust optimization model considering the price uncertainty in the electricity spot market is first established based on the information gap decision‐making theory as the upper part of a two‐layer optimization model. Subsequently, the clearing models of the electricity spot, carbon emission trading, and green certificate markets are established. This two‐layer optimization model is transformed into a single‐layer model based on the well‐established KKT conditions. A profit allocation model for the members of the generation alliance is then presented based on the Shapley value and an improved nucleolus kernel method. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated by the IEEE 14‐bus power system.
Randomised orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm with its application in fast analysis of wide‐angle electromagnetic scattering problems based on compressive sensing
Authors: Qi Qi , Fan Yunuo , Cao Xinyuan , Liu Yi , Kong Meng , Huang Zhixiang , Wu Xianliang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe wide‐angle electromagnetic scattering problems can be rapidly solved by using the method of moments in conjunction with compressive sensing theory. The method mainly has two computational parts: measurement and recovery. To further enhance the performance, an improved orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm with a randomised atom selection process is proposed, significantly reducing the computational complexity of the recovery part. Additionally, a restart mechanism is designed to eliminate possible errors that might occur during the random process, ensuring the accuracy of recovery results. Numerical experiments with objects of different shapes validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed scheme.
Transitivité et discours direct : une relation qui ne va pas de soi
Authors: Lacaze Grégoire 
Published: June 2024

La transitivité à l’œuvre dans les langues indo-européennes a fait l’objet de nombreuses recherches menées par des linguistes inscrivant leurs travaux dans différentes approches théoriques. Dans le cas du discours rapporté, il s’agit de mettre au jour la nature des relations syntaxiques existant entre un segment contextualisant et un discours cité qui l’accompagne.
Il est indéniable que des verbes transitifs, le plus souvent des verbes de parole ou de communication, sont très souvent employés dans les segments introducteurs de discours direct. Par ailleurs, la présence abondante de verbes intransitifs ou de verbes transitifs indirects comme verbes introducteurs de discours direct, aussi bien dans des segments contextualisants en position initiale qu’en position incise, illustre le besoin de dépasser les limites d’un modèle dans lequel le discours cité occupe la position de complément d’objet direct d’un verbe introducteur.
Les recherches menées dans cette étude montrent que l’hypothèse de « transitivisation » du discours direct mérite d’être remise en cause. Les récents travaux de Frédéric Gachet (2015) et d’Aude Laferrière (2018) démontrent l’actualité de ces questionnements pour les incises de discours direct. La présente recherche envisage de réinterroger la notion de transitivité dans une approche énonciativiste mettant en perspective des phénomènes linguistiques à partir d’observables provenant d’un large corpus d’articles de presse du quotidien français Le Monde.
Réalité et identité régionales. Analyse des discours épilinguistiques sur le français et l’occitan dans la province toulousaine : le cas de Gaillac
Authors: Catania Matteo Michele 
Published: June 2024

Après une brève contextualisation des langues régionales en France, nous nous occupons de présenter une étude de terrain concernant l’occitan et son rôle au sein de la province toulousaine, plus précisément, dans le village de Gaillac.
Notre recherche repose sur une collecte de données orales à travers des interviews, qui visent à mettre en exergue la réalité et l’identité régionales des locuteurs interviewés, tout en soulignant les représentations et attitudes concernant la langue régionale mais aussi la variété de français. En considérant le milieu didactique, les questions ont été posées à un ensemble de lycéens ayant choisi l’apprentissage de l’occitan comme enseignement en option.
Les échanges ont eu pour objet l’occitan, son apprentissage, son rapport avec le français, l’insécurité linguistique, le français régional et la question terminologique (langue - régionale -, dialecte et patois) en relation avec la langue d’oc.
Palliative Care goes School – ein Pilotprojekt der Palliativstation des Landeskrankenhauses Hohenems
Authors: Moosbrugger Andrea , Gehmacher Otto , Kuckert Andrea , Rebitzer Fabian , Kaufmann-Pauger Angelika , Burtscher Michaela 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Das Ziel des Pilotprojekts „Palliative Care goes School“ ist es, Schüler:innen von allgemein- und berufsbildenden höheren Schulen Einblicke in den Alltag einer Palliativstation zu geben und damit gesellschaftlich tabuisierte Themen wie Sterben, Tod und Trauer zu bearbeiten.
Methodik Im Projektzeitraum von Januar bis Mai 2022 führte das Palliativteam vom Landeskrankenhaus Hohenems Schulbesuche an 33 Klassen durch. Der interaktiv gestaltete Unterricht im Umfang von 2 Unterrichtseinheiten wurde von einem multiprofessionellen Team bestehend aus einem Arzt/einer Ärztin und einer diplomierten Pflegeperson durchgeführt. Die teilnehmenden Schüler:innen füllten jeweils vor und nach dem Schulbesuch einen Fragebogen aus, welcher im Anschluss von der Fachhochschule Vorarlberg ausgewertet wurde. Insgesamt wurden 452 Fragebögen vor und 451 Fragebögen nach dem Schulbesuch ausgefüllt.
Ergebnisse 64,5% (n=292) der Befragten gaben an, bereits Erfahrungen mit dem Thema Sterben gemacht zu haben, wobei 13,4% (n=60) direkt beim Sterben dabei waren. Signifikante Veränderungen konnten in der Einstellung zum assistierten Suizid (p=0,006) sowie zu verschiedenen Begriffen im Zusammenhang mit Palliative Care (p<0,001) beobachtet werden. So wurden nach dem Schulbesuch vermehrt Begriffe wie Hoffnung (T0 39,2%, T1 68,9%), Symptomlinderung (T0 61,5%, T1 75,3%), intensiv leben (T0 16,4%, T1 36,7%), erfüllende Arbeit (T0 18,6%, T1 37,6%) und Humor (T0 7,3%, T1 48,9%) gewählt, während der Begriff Hoffnungslosigkeit stark abgenommen hat (T0 23,5%, T1 13,2%). 97,4% (n=384) gaben eine Verbesserung des Wissenstands an und 95,7% (n=403) der Teilnehmer:innen betrachteten es als wichtig oder
sehr wichtig, dass Schüler:innen über Palliative Care aufgeklärt werden.
Diskussion Die Ergebnisse der Befragung und das positive Feedback der Schüler:innen legen nahe, dass Jugendliche über Themen wie Sterben und Tod informiert werden wollen und es als wichtigen Teil ihrer Allgemeinbildung ansehen. Außerdem können Projekte wie dieses dabei helfen, einen positiven Beitrag zur Aufklärung und Sensibilisierung von Palliative Care in der Gesellschaft zu leisten.
Objektive Analyse von Hornhautnerven und dendritischen Zellen
Authors: Steven Philipp , Setu Asif 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungHornhautnerven und dendritische Zellen werden zunehmend bei der Diagnostik von Erkrankungen der Augenoberfläche als klinische Parameter mittels intravitaler Konfokalmikroskopie dargestellt. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden unterschiedliche Verfahren der Bildauswertung dargestellt. Die Verwendung von Deep-Learning-Algorithmen, die eine automatisierte Mustererkennung ermöglichen, wird anhand eigener Entwicklungen detailliert erläutert und mit anderen etablierten Verfahren verglichen.
Evidence of Urtica dioica Agglutininʼs Antiproliferative and Anti-migratory Potentials on the Hyaluronic Acid-Overexpressing Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Heydari Mohammadkazem , Hosseinzadeh Colagar Abasalt , Sabour Davood , Khorasani Hamid Reza 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHyaluronic acid is composed of repeating sugar units, glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine, which are often associated with increased tumor progression. Urtica dioica agglutinin is a potential component that exhibits a high affinity for binding to N-acetylglucosamine. This study aimed to investigate U. dioica Agglutininʼs potential to inhibit the proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells with high expression of hyaluronic acid through molecular docking and in vitro studies. The expression of hyaluronan synthase genes in prostate tissue and cell lines was checked by an in silico study, and the interaction between hyaluronic acid with both CD44 transmembrane glycoprotein and U. dioica agglutinin was analyzed through molecular docking. U. dioica Agglutininʼs effect on cell viability (neutral red uptake assay), migration (scratch wound healing assays), and both CD44 and Nanog expression (quantitative real-time
polymerase chain reaction) were assessed in vitro. The results showed that in prostate cancer cell lines, the PC3 cell line has the highest expression of hyaluronan synthase genes. U. dioica agglutinin exhibits an interaction of six specific residues on CD44 compared to hyaluronic acidʼs singular residue. While U. dioica agglutinin alone effectively reduced cell viability and wound closer (≥ 150 µg/mL), combining it with hyaluronic acid significantly shifted the effective concentration to a higher dose (≥ 350 µg/mL). These results, together with low Nanog and high CD44 gene expression, suggest that U. dioica agglutinin may impair the CD44-HA pathway in PC3 cells. This possibility is supported by U. dioica Agglutininʼs ability to compete with hyaluronic acid for binding to CD44. Based on this, U. dioica agglutinin as a plant lectin shows promise in inhibiting cancer proliferation and migration by targeting its dependence
on hyaluronic acid.
A Domino One-Pot Approach to Functionalized Benzonitriles from 2-[(3-Hydroxy/acetoxy)propyn-1-yl]benzamides
Authors: Nair Sindoori R. , Chinta Bhavani Shankar , Baire Beeraiah 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFunctionalized benzonitriles, α,β-epoxyketones and β-hydroxy-α-haloketones are found in numerous medicinally important molecules, whilst benzonitriles in combination with any of these functional groups may be of interest to medicinal chemists. However, the simultaneous incorporation of a nitrile group and these functional groups on the aromatic ring is a challenging task. Herein, we report a strategy for the rapid and simultaneous construction of structurally novel benzonitrile derivatives, possessing either an ortho-α-iodo-β-hydroxyketone, an α,β-epoxyketone or an α,β-enone, from unprotected, 2-[(3-hydroxy/acetoxy)propyn-1-yl]benzamides. This process involves NXS-promoted dehydration–halohydration followed by DIPEA-mediated epoxide formation (from alcohols). We have developed both stepwise and one-pot strategies to improve the synthetic efficiency. No metal catalyst is employed and the method exhibits good substrate scope and yields.
Harnessing the Reactivity of ortho-Alkynylaldehydes: Silver Triflate Catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of Phosphonylated Fluorescent Molecules
Authors: Thakur Deepika , Meena Shivam A. , Verma Akhilesh K. , Sushmita Sushmita 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAn efficient approach for the facile synthesis of phosphonylated 1,3-dihydrofuro[3,4-b]quinolines and dihydrofuro[3,4-b]pyridines is developed. Reaction proceeds by the formation of new C–P and C–O bonds affording Z-selective phosphonylated products at room temperature. Diphenylphosphine oxides and dialkyl phosphites are explicitly incorporated into the carbonyl carbon of o-alkynylaldehydes in good to excellent yields. The reaction exhibits mild conditions, broad substrate scope, and the formation of three new bonds in the presence of a silver catalyst. The mechanistic studies revealed that the reaction proceeded via an ionic pathway in a 5-exo-dig manner to give Z-selective products, which was validated by X-ray crystallographic studies. Photophysical studies of selected compounds revealed the emission maxima in the range of 455 nm.
Synthesis and Reactions of Pentacycloundecane Derivatives Related to Cookson’s Dione
Authors: Kotha Sambasivarao , Salman Mohammad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, a pentacyclic keto-olefin was treated with thallium(III) nitrate trihydrate, resulting in the formation of mono ring-expanded product. However, when the corresponding dialkene was treated with thallium(III) nitrate trihydrate, an unexpected ring-closure product was obtained instead of the expected double ring-expanded product. The use of the Tebbe reagent facilitated the olefination of hindered and enolizable cage dione derivatives, converting both keto moieties into methylene groups and forming the desired diolefin. Notably, conventional Wittig reagents proved to be ineffective in the olefination sequence with cage diones.
Development of a Purely Isolable (Dimorpholino)triazine-Based Reagent for the Epoxidation of Alkenes
Authors: Kunishima Munetaka , Fujita Hikaru , Kato Toshiyuki , Betsuyaku Tatsuki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA triazine-based reagent, 2-hydroperoxy-4,6-dimorpholino-1,3,5-triazine (Triazox-II), was developed for alkene epoxidation. This reagent can be prepared from inexpensive starting materials (cyanuric chloride and morpholine) on a 15 mmol scale in two steps with 54% overall yield and isolated as a pure, bench-stable solid with low sensitivity to impact and friction. Triazox-II exhibited higher solubility in chlorinated solvents than the previously reported reagent Triazox. Epoxidation using Triazox-II was conducted in various solvents, with a preference for CH2Cl2 at 0.5 M concentration, resulting in epoxides in 83–94% yield. The reaction was conducted under mild conditions owing to the low acidity of the reaction coproduct.
Histopathological Evaluation of Human Placental Extract as a Direct Pulp-Capping Material in Dogs' Teeth
Authors: Safy Rehab Khalil , Ragab Mai Hamdy , Abdel-Maksoud Heba Bahgat 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective The current research aimed to evaluate the histopathological pulpal alterations in dogs' teeth following direct pulp capping using either mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) or human placenta extract (HPE).
Materials and Methods Forty-eight incisors with mature apices from four dogs were involved. The teeth were randomly allocated to three groups (n = 16) based on the material utilized for direct pulp capping: MTA, HPE, and Teflon as the negative control group. All involved teeth were capped and restored at the same session. Each group was subsequently divided into two subgroups (n = 8) based on the post treatment evaluation period: 2 and 4 weeks. The histopathologic changes in each specimen's pulp tissues, including pulp inflammation, hyperemia, necrosis, and dentin bridge development, were assessed. Then, all the data were statistically analyzed using chi-square, t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (p < 0.05).
Results At 2 weeks, chronic inflammation was observed in 100% of MTA and 50% of HPE subgroups with a significant difference between them whereas the remaining 50% exhibited no inflammation. In contrast to Teflon that showed acute inflammation, remission of inflammation was time-dependent at both MTA and HPE subgroups as there was a substantial difference between the 2- and 4-weeks evaluation periods within the same group. However, throughout the initially observed 2 weeks, all subgroups exhibited essentially no complete calcified bridge; at 4 weeks, all MTA and HPE subgroups developed dentin bridge formation, with a significant difference between them regarding its thickness.
Conclusion HPE is a promising pulp-capping material inducing less intense chronic inflammation accompanied with thicker dentine bridge formation in comparison to MTA.
Effect of Grinding and Polishing Protocols on Surface Roughness, Flexural Strength, and Phase Transformation of High-Translucent 5 mol% Yttria-Partially Stabilized Zirconia
Authors: Phatphutthitham Chatnarong , Niyatiwatchanchai Boondarick , Rujiraprasert Phakvalunch , Tagami Junji , Osathanon Thanaphum , Srijunbarl Anucharte , Singthong Thawanrat , Suriyasangpetch Sarat , Nantanapiboon Dusit 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives This study evaluated surface roughness, biaxial flexural strength, and phase transformation of 5Y-PSZ after grinding and polishing with different protocols.
Material and Methods Two commercial 5Y-PSZ, Lava Esthetic (L) and Cercon xt (C), were used and divided into 3 groups: LC and CC represented unpolished control groups; LE and CE were polished with protocol I (EVE DIASYNT® PLUS HP following with EVE DIACERA RA); and LJ and CJ were polished with protocol II (Superfine diamond bur following with Jota ZIR Gloss polishing kit). Surface roughness was evaluated after polishing step-by-step with a contact-type profilometer. After high-gross polishing, the specimens were subjected to biaxial flexural strength test, crystallographic microstructure analysis using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and surface micro-topography using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Statistical Analysis Surface roughness differences after each step and biaxial flexural strength between groups were evaluated with one-way ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni post-hoc analysis. Changes in surface roughness across four different time points within groups were assessed using one-way repeated measures ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni post-hoc analysis.
Results After high-gross polishing, both polishing protocols showed significantly lower surface roughness than the grinding group (p < 0.05). The LE and CE groups exhibited the highest surface roughness values, which were significant differences from the LJ and CJ groups (p < 0.05). The LE group showed significantly lower biaxial flexural strength compared to the LC group (p < 0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the CE and CJ groups compared to the control group (p > 0.05). Furthermore, all polishing protocols did not change the phase transformation of zirconia.
Conclusion Polishing protocol II provided a smoother surface than the protocol I after high-gross polishing, while the biaxial flexural strength of materials remained unaffected.
Color Characteristics of High Yttrium Oxide–Doped Monochrome and Multilayer Partially Stabilized Zirconia upon Different Sintering Parameters
Authors: Juntavee Niwut , Juntavee Apa , Jaralpong Chutikarn 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives Sintering influences the optical properties of zirconia. This study examined the effect of altering sintering temperature and time of monochrome (Mo) and multilayer (Mu) 5 mol% yttria-partially stabilized zirconia (5Y-PSZ) on color characteristics.
Materials and Methods Three hundred specimens (width × length × thickness = 10 × 20 × 2 mm) were prepared from Mo and Mu (with cervical [C], middle [M], and incisal [I] region) 5Y-PSZ and randomly sintered at decreasing (Td: 1,450°C), regular (Tr: 1,500°C), and increasing (TI: 1,550°C) sintering temperature, with extremely short (He: 10 minutes), ultrashort (Hu: 15 minutes), short (Hs: 30 minutes), and regular (Hr: 135 minutes) sintering time (n = 15/group). Color appearance (EW
), translucency parameter (TP), contrast ratio (CR), opalescence parameter (OP), and color appearance difference (∆E
diff) were evaluated in the CIE L*a*b* system. Microstructures were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD).
Statistical Analysis Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni comparisons were determined for significant differences (p < 0.05).
Results Significant differences in color parameters upon zirconia type, sintering temperature, and sintering time, and their interactions were indicated (p < 0.05). Increasing sintering temperature and extended sintered time resulted in larger grain, reduced tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation, and significantly increased the TP and OP, but decreased the CR and ∆E
diff (p < 0.05). Decreasing sintering temperature and time led to clinically unacceptable color appearance.
Conclusion Mo was found to be more translucent than Mu. To achieve the most favorable optical properties, increasing sintering temperature and extending sintering time are recommended. Decreasing sintering temperature is not suggested. However, shortened sintering time is feasible, but it needs sintering with increasing sintering temperature to achieve a promising color appearance.