bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FYVE1 Is Essential for Vacuole Biogenesis and Intracellular Trafficking in Arabidopsis
Authors: Kolb Cornelia , Nagel Marie-Kristin , Kalinowska Kamila , Hagmann Jörg , Ichikawa Mie , Anzenberger Franziska , Alkofer Angela , Sato Masa H. , Braun Pascal , Isono Erika 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe plant vacuole is a central organelle that is involved in various biological processes throughout the plant life cycle. Elucidating the mechanism of vacuole biogenesis and maintenance is thus the basis for our understanding of these processes. Proper formation of the vacuole has been shown to depend on the intracellular membrane trafficking pathway. Although several mutants with altered vacuole morphology have been characterized in the past, the molecular basis for plant vacuole biogenesis has yet to be fully elucidated. With the aim to identify key factors that are essential for vacuole biogenesis, we performed a forward genetics screen in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and isolated mutants with altered vacuole morphology. The vacuolar fusion defective1 (vfd1) mutant shows seedling lethality and defects in central vacuole formation. VFD1 encodes a Fab1, YOTB, Vac1, and EEA1 (FYVE) domain-containing protein, FYVE1, that has been implicated in intracellular trafficking. FYVE1 localizes on late endosomes and interacts with Src homology-3 domain-containing proteins. Mutants of FYVE1 are defective in ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation, vacuolar transport, and autophagy. Altogether, our results show that FYVE1 is essential for plant growth and development and place FYVE1 as a key regulator of intracellular trafficking and vacuole biogenesis.
PHOTOSYSTEM II SUBUNIT R Is Required for Efficient Binding of LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEX STRESS-RELATED PROTEIN3 to Photosystem II-Light-Harvesting Supercomplexes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Xue Huidan , Tokutsu Ryutaro , Bergner Sonja Verena , Scholz Martin , Minagawa Jun , Hippler Michael 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEX STRESS-RELATED PROTEIN3 (LHCSR3) protein is crucial for efficient energy-dependent thermal dissipation of excess absorbed light energy and functionally associates with photosystem II-light-harvesting complex II (PSII-LHCII) supercomplexes. Currently, it is unknown how LHCSR3 binds to the PSII-LHCII supercomplex. In this study, we investigated the role of PHOTOSYSTEM II SUBUNIT R (PSBR) an intrinsic membrane-spanning PSII subunit, in the binding of LHCSR3 to PSII-LHCII supercomplexes. Down-regulation of PSBR expression diminished the efficiency of oxygen evolution and the extent of nonphotochemical quenching and had an impact on the stability of the oxygen-evolving complex as well as on PSII-LHCII-LHCSR3 supercomplex formation. Its down-regulation destabilized the PSII-LHCII supercomplex and strongly reduced the binding of LHCSR3 to PSII-LHCII supercomplexes, as revealed by quantitative proteomics. PHOTOSYSTEM II SUBUNIT P deletion, on the contrary, destabilized PHOTOSYSTEM II SUBUNIT Q binding but did not affect PSBR and LHCSR3 association with PSII-LHCII. In summary, these data provide clear evidence that PSBR is required for the stable binding of LHCSR3 to PSII-LHCII supercomplexes and is essential for efficient energy-dependent quenching and the integrity of the PSII-LHCII-LHCSR3 supercomplex under continuous high light.
Crown plasticity enables trees to optimize canopy packing in mixed‐species forests
Authors: Jucker Tommaso , Bouriaud Olivier , Coomes David A. 
Published: February 2015

Summary

It has been suggested that diverse forests utilize canopy space more efficiently than species‐poor ones, as mixing species with complementary architectural and physiological traits allows trees to pack more densely. However, whether positive canopy packing–diversity relationships are a general feature of forests remains unclear.

Using crown allometric data collected for 12 939 trees from permanent forest plots across Europe, we test (i) whether diversity promotes canopy packing across forest types and (ii) whether increased canopy packing occurs primarily through vertical stratification of tree crowns or as a result of intraspecific plasticity in crown morphology.

We found that canopy packing efficiency increased markedly in response to species richness across a range of forest types and species combinations. Positive canopy packing–diversity relationships were primarily driven by the fact that trees growing in mixture had sizably larger crowns (38% on average) than those in monoculture.

The ability of trees to plastically adapt the shape and size of their crowns in response to changes in local competitive environment is critical in allowing mixed‐species forests to optimize the use of canopy space. By promoting the development of denser and more structurally complex canopies, species mixing can strongly impact nutrient cycling and storage in forest ecosystems.
An Unusual Case of Strychnine Poisoning
Authors: Prat Sebastien , Hoizey Guillaume , Lefrancq Thierry , Saint‐Martin Pauline 
Published: February 2015

AbstractStrychnine‐related death has been described since the 19th century. This alkaloid was discovered in 1818. Historically, strychnine was used by the South‐East Asian autochthones on their arrows. However, its production was modified by legislation, which was used to protect people against accidental intoxications. Here, we present the case of a 69‐year‐old man who was found dead at home. During the autopsy, we found a blue substance in the stomach. Toxicological analysis measured strychnine at 0.29 μg/mL in the blood sample, which is a relatively low level in comparison with the results given in the literature. However, histologic examination and toxicological findings permitted the conclusion of strychnine poisoning.
Investigating the Potential of Fluorescent Fingerprint Powders as a Marker for Blow Fly Larvae (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
Authors: Rosati Jennifer Y. , Robinson Scott D. , Devine Richard 
Published: February 2015

AbstractFour fluorescent fingerprint powders (RedWop™, GreenWop™, Basic Yellow™, and Yellow Powder™) were evaluated as a marker for blow fly larvae. Administration methods included ingestion (high vs. low concentration) or topical. Ingestion of high concentrations of Basic Yellow™ and RedWop™ caused higher larval mortality. Basic Yellow™ delayed development and adult emergence while RedWop™ and Yellow Powder™ had a significant effect on particular stages of development, however, emergence time was not altered. Optimal administration is through ingestion at low concentration levels (<10%) or topically, with GreenWop™ demonstrating minimal adverse effects. Optimum wavelength for discrimination between powders was 450 nm. This research can aid in investigative training to increase visibility of larval and pupal blow flies. It can also be used in entomological studies to differentiate between larval blow flies (or other dipteran) species or individuals to further understand complex interactions and behavior during larval development.
Recovery of DNA from Latent Fingerprint Tape Lifts Archived Against Matte Acetate
Authors: Steadman Shelly A. , Hoofer Steven R. , Geering Sarah C. , King Stephanie , Bennett Marc A. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis study was driven by court order to examine methods to remove, extract, and STR‐type potential DNA entrapped between latent fingerprint lifting tape and matte acetate that was collected from a 1977 crime scene. Results indicate that recovery of appreciable quantities of DNA is more challenging once adhesive is attached to matte acetate cards and even more difficult when fixed following black powder enhancement. STR amplification of extracts from entrapped fingermarks collected following the dusting/lifting procedure did not produce robust profiles, and extraneous peaks not expressed by print donors were detected for some samples. A hearing was set to argue whether there was DNA remaining to be tested, and if so, whether that DNA could be exculpatory in this postconviction matter. The studies herein provided the basis for the court's decision to not require the testing.
Evaluation of a Visualization Assay for Blood on Forensic Evidence
Authors: Vandewoestyne Mado , Lepez Trees , Van Hoofstat David , Deforce Dieter 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn forensics, bloodstains on dark fabrics might be invisible for the naked eye. Although several visualization, presumptive, and confirmatory blood tests have been developed, all have one or more disadvantages, especially on DNA analysis. We report here the use of a visualization assay that can visually detect blood drops up to 1/20 dilution. In this assay, the fabric is placed between two wet filter papers and covered by glass surfaces on both sides. Pressure is applied on the glass surfaces in which bloodstains transfer onto the filter papers through capillary forces. Detected stains can be tested with other more sensitive presumptive blood tests performed on the filter paper. Even more, DNA analysis can be performed on the transferred bloodstains. The presented visualization assay is easy to perform, extremely cheap, requires little hands on time, and does not affect bloodstain pattern analysis.
Forensic Age Estimation Using Thin‐Slice Multidetector CT of the Clavicular Epiphyses Among Adolescent Western Chinese
Authors: Zhang Kui , Chen Xiao‐gang , Zhao Huan , Dong Xiao‐ai , Deng Zhen‐hua 
Published: February 2015

AbstractReaching the age of 18 years is the most significant step for criminal proceedings in China. In this study, a population of 752 individuals was recruited to clarify how strong the chronological age relates to clavicular ossification status revealed by CT scans with 1 mm slice thickness in the West China Han population. Finally, the epiphysis was observed to commence fusion in females at 16.28 years and 16.74 years in males and be fully ossified by 25.97 years in females and 25.81 years in males. These findings suggested that ossification of medial clavicular epiphyseal cartilage can be used in age estimation for West China Han population with the age threshold of 18 years. By comparison with previous German studies, our results suggested that the pace of ossification of medial clavicular epiphyseal cartilage may be potentially affected by socioeconomic status.
Decolonizing the map? Toponymic politics and the rescaling of the Salish Sea
Authors: Tucker Brian , Rose‐Redwood Reuben 
Published: February 2015

This article examines the role that place naming has played in the rescaling of the Pacific waters along the Canada/United States border as the “Salish Sea.” Drawing upon archival materials and a series of semi‐structured interviews, we argue that the scalar framing of such waters as a delimited spatial “unit” was dependent upon the performative reiteration of citational practices that were employed over a period of two decades to discursively assemble these fluid multiplicities into a cartographically bounded space. Although one of the ostensible aims of this geographical designation was to acknowledge the longstanding presence of Coast Salish peoples in the region, the naming of the Salish Sea has also had the political effect of reinforcing neocolonial relations of socio‐spatial dispossession by further entrenching the powers of the state as the final arbiter of geographical naming conventions.Décoloniser la carte ? Les enjeux politiques de la toponymie et le transfert d'échelle de la mer des SalishCet article étudie le rôle que la dénomination de la « mer des Salish » le long de la frontière canado‐américaine a joué dans le changement d'échelle des eaux du Pacifique. Des documents issus de fonds d'archives et une série d'entretiens semi‐dirigés servent d'appui pour défendre l'idée selon laquelle la conception scalaire de ces eaux en tant qu'unité spatiale délimitée découlait de la réitération performative des pratiques citationnelles adoptées depuis deux décennies afin de traduire de manière discursive cette abondance aqueuse dans un espace cartographique circonscrit. Bien que l'un des objectifs apparents de cette appellation géographique fût de reconnaître l'ancienneté de l'établissement dans la région des peuples Salish de la côte, l'appellation de la mer des Salish a eu comme impact politique de renforcer les relations néocoloniales de la dépossession socio‐spatiale en consolidant les pouvoirs étatiques comme arbitre final des conventions existantes en matière de toponymie.Mots clés : décolonisation, performativité, mer des Salish, toponymie, échelle
Raised immunoglobulin A and circulating T follicular helper cells are linked to the development of food allergy in paediatric liver transplant patients
Authors: De Bruyne R. , Gevaert P. , Van Winckel M. , De Ruyck N. , Minne A. , Bogaert D. , Van Biervliet S. , Vande Velde S. , Smets F. , Sokal E. , Gottrand F. , Vanhelst J. , Detry B. , Pilette C. , Lambrecht B. N. , Dullaers M. 
Published: February 2015

SummaryBackgroundPost‐transplant food allergy (LTFA) is increasingly observed after paediatric liver transplantation (LT). Although the immunopathology of LTFA remains unclear, immunoglobulin (Ig) E seems to be implicated.ObjectiveTo study humoral and cellular immunity in paediatric LT patients in search for factors associated with LTFA, and compare with healthy controls (HC) and non‐transplant food‐allergic children (FA).MethodsWe studied serum Ig levels in 29 LTFA, 43 non‐food‐allergic LT patients (LTnoFA), 21 FA patients and 36 HC. Serum‐specific IgA and IgE against common food allergens in LTFA, IgA1, IgA2 and joining‐chain‐containing polymeric IgA (pIgA) were measured. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analysed by flow cytometry for B and T cell populations of interest.ResultsSerum IgA and specific IgA were higher in LTFA compared to LTnoFA. LTFA patients had the highest proportion of circulating T follicular helper cells (cTfh). The percentage of cTfh correlated positively with serum IgA. Unique in LTFA was also the significant increase in serum markers of mucosal IgA and the decrease in the Th17 subset of CXCR5− CD4+ cells compared to HC. Both LT patients exhibited a rise in IgA+ memory B cells and plasmablasts compared to HC and FA.ConclusionsLT has an impact on humoral immunity, remarkably in those patients developing FA. The increase in serum markers of mucosal IgA, food allergen‐specific IgA and cTfh cells observed in LTFA, point towards a disturbance in intestinal immune homoeostasis in this patient group.
Allergic disorders and socio‐economic status: a study of schoolchildren in an urban area of Makassar, Indonesia
Authors: Hamid F. , Wahyuni S. , van Leeuwen A. , van Ree R. , Yazdanbakhsh M. , Sartono E. 
Published: February 2015

SummaryBackgroundIn urban centres of developing countries, there is great variation in socio‐economic status (SES) and lifestyle; however, little information is available on allergic disorders in groups with high‐ or low‐SES within the same urban area.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of allergic disorders and investigate risk factors related to them among high‐ and low‐SES schoolchildren in Makassar, the capital city of South Sulawesi, Indonesia.MethodThis cross‐sectional study was performed in 623 children originating from high‐ (N = 349) and low‐SES (N = 274) schools. Information on reported allergic symptoms and potential factors associated with allergic disorders was obtained by questionnaire. Specific IgE and skin prick test (SPT) reactivity were determined against aeroallergens [Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (HDM) and cockroach]. Total IgE and helminth infections were also assessed.ResultThe prevalence of SPT to any aeroallergens was significantly higher in high‐SES than in low‐SES school (25% vs. 8%, P < 0.001, respectively). However, specific IgE against cockroach and total IgE were significantly lower in high‐ than in low‐SES children. Allergic symptoms were reported more often in low‐ compared to high‐SES children. Specific IgE to aeroallergens significantly increased the risk of SPT positivity to the same aeroallergen in the high‐, but not in the low‐SES children. In the high‐ but not in low‐SES, there was a significant positive association between SPT to HDM and wheeze. Similarly, cockroach skin reactivity and elevated BMI increased the risk of eczema in the high‐SES children only.Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceSkin prick test is higher in high‐SES, whereas IgE and allergic symptoms are higher in low‐SES children. Specific IgE is a risk factor for being SPT‐positive, and SPT positivity is a risk factor for allergic symptoms but only in children of high‐ and not low‐SES school. Therefore, the socio‐economic status of a child might affect the diagnosis of allergic disease in a developing country.
The sexual dimorphic association of cardiorespiratory fitness to working memory in children
Authors: Drollette Eric S. , Scudder Mark R. , Raine Lauren B. , Davis Moore R. , Pontifex Matthew B. , Erickson Kirk I. , Hillman Charles H. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe present investigation examined the sexual dimorphic patterns of cardiorespiratory fitness to working memory in preadolescent children (age range: 7.7–10.9). Data were collected in three separate studies (Study 1: n = 97, 42 females; Study 2: n = 95, 45 females; Study 3: n = 84, 37 females). All participants completed a cardiorespiratory fitness assessment in addition to a specific measure of working memory (i.e. the operation span task, the n‐back task, or the Sternberg task). Results from all three samples revealed that higher cardiorespiratory fitness levels were associated with better working memory performance only for males with no such relation observed for females. In addition, the sexually dimorphic pattern was selective for the most challenging working memory conditions in each task. Together, these findings reveal new evidence that cardiorespiratory fitness is selectively related to better working memory performance for male children. This investigation provides additional insight into how interventions aimed at improving fitness may influence cognitive development differentially among preadolescent children.
Underground spaces as neglected niche for occurrence of Heterobasidion annosum complex
Authors: Nováková A. , Sedlák P. , Kubátová A. , Tomšovský M. 
Published: February 2015

SummaryThe serious forest pathogen Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato was found during mycological exploration in caves and underground tunnels. Seventeen isolates of Heterobasidion annosum s.l. were obtained in these habitats in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Romania and Spain during 2008–2012. Three species, H. abietinum, H. annosum sensu stricto, and H. parviporum, were identified by analyses of DNA sequences of three gene regions: glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase, translation elongation factor 1‐alfa and transcription factor. Isolates of H. parviporum were obtained from moonmilk, air and underground gallery wall. H. parviporum recorded from Spain, Castaňar de Ibor Cave, was obtained far from the natural distribution of its main host, Picea abies. Heterobasidion annosum was obtained from cave air and sediment, isopod faeces and underground gallery wall. Heterobasidion abietinum was isolated from bat guano and outdoor air. The origin and ways of fungal dispersal are discussed. The forest stands surrounding caves and tunnels are hypothesized as the potential source of inoculum to inhabit these unusual spaces, although the real paths of the pathogen to the habitats remain unclear.
Mandatory Gender Balance and Board Independence
Authors: Bøhren Øyvind , Staubo Siv 
Published: February 2015

AbstractWe find that forcing radical gender balance on corporate boards is associated with increased board independence and reduced firm value. A mandatory 40% gender quota shifts the average fraction of independent directors from 46% to 67% because female directors are much more often independent directors than males are. This shock to board independence via gender quotas is strongest in small, young, profitable, non‐listed firms with powerful stockholders and few female directors. Such firms also lose the most value, presumably because they need advice from dependent directors the most and monitoring by independent directors the least.
PDGF signalling in the dermis and in dermal condensates is dispensable for hair follicle induction and formation
Authors: Rezza Amélie , Sennett Rachel , Tanguy Manon , Clavel Carlos , Rendl Michael 
Published: February 2015

AbstractEmbryonic hair follicle (HF) induction and formation is dependent on signalling crosstalk between the dermis and specialized dermal condensates on the mesenchymal side and epidermal cells and incipient placodes on the epithelial side, but the precise nature and succession of signals remain unclear. Platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) signalling is involved in the development of several organs and the maintenance of adult tissues, including HF regeneration in the hair cycle. As both PDGF receptors, PDGFRα and PDGFRβ, are expressed in embryonic dermis and dermal condensates, we explored in this study the role of PDGF signalling in HF induction and formation in the developing skin mesenchyme. We conditionally ablated both PDGF receptors with Tbx18Cre in early dermal condensates before follicle formation, and with Prx1‐Cre broadly in the ventral dermis prior to HF induction. In both PDGFR double mutants, HF induction and formation ensued normally, and the pattern of HF formation and HF numbers were unaffected. These data demonstrate that mesenchymal PDGF signalling, either in the specialized niche or broadly in the dermis, is dispensable for HF induction and formation.
MCPH1 maintains long‐term epigenetic silencing of ANGPT2 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Kopparapu Pradeep Kumar , Miranda Caroline , Fogelstrand Linda , Mishra Kankadeb , Andersson Per‐Ola , Kanduri Chandrasekhar , Kanduri Meena 
Published: February 2015

The microcephalin gene (MCPH1) [also known as inhibitor of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression] is a tumor suppressor gene that is functionally involved in the DNA damage response. Angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2) is a crucial factor regulating tumor angiopoiesis. Deregulation of angiogenesis is one of the hallmarks of many cancers, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In CLL, ANGPT2 is a well‐studied potential prognostic marker. As MCPH1 overlaps with the ANGPT2 transcription unit on the same chromosome but in the opposite orientation, we wanted to study the functional role of MCPH1 in regulation of ANGPT2 in CLL. The mRNA expression levels of MCPH1 and ANGPT2, including the MCPH1 target gene hTERT, showed significant differences between two prognostic groups, i.e. IGHV‐mutated and IGHV‐unmutated (P = 0.007 for MCPH1, P = 0.0002 for ANGPT2, and P = 0.00001 for hTERT), in which the expression level of MCPH1 was inversely correlated with the expression levels of hTERT and ANGPT2. Downregulation of MCPH1 resulted in upregulation of ANGPT2, accompanied by loss of its promoter methylation. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation and coimmunoprecipitation assays, we found that MCPH1 binds to the ANGPT2 promoter and recruits DNA methyltransferases, thereby silencing ANGPT2. Thus, our data suggest a novel function for MCPH1 in regulating and maintaining ANGPT2 silencing in CLL through regulation of promoter DNA methylation.