bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weight Stigma in Gynecological Care Among Cisgender Women
Authors: Wetzel Karen E. , Himmelstein Mary S. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveHealthcare is one of the primary contexts in which people experience weight stigma (social devaluation due to body weight), especially in gynecological care, where people's bodies are exposed. Thus, people may feel especially vulnerable to negative evaluations from healthcare providers due to their weight, given the physical exposure which accompanies a breast exam, abdominal palpitations, and a pap‐smear or cervical exam. The existing literature examining weight stigma in obstetrics and gynecology has focused almost exclusively on pregnant or postpartum women. The only research on weight stigma during routine gynecological care is based on qualitative studies with small samples.MethodsParticipants (N = 1087; cisgender women) were sampled on Qualtrics, and quotas were set to reflect the most recent US census. The women reported their experiences with gynecological care and then were asked to qualitatively describe what they most recently encountered.ResultsOverall, 14% of the women in this sample had experienced weight stigma in reproductive or gynecological care at least once, and about 5% of this sample reported that this occurred frequently. Participants with higher body weights (≥ 30 kg/m2) were more likely to report frequent weight stigma in gynecological care. A few participants reported more serious experiences, such as misdiagnosis, environmental or systemic weight stigma, and provider reluctance to perform a pelvic exam.ConclusionsWomen experience weight stigma in routine gynecological care, and future research should continue investigating the effects of these experiences.
Localized Lymphoblastic Lymphoma in Children and Adolescents: Results of the LLB‐NHL03 Trial—A Report From the Japan Children's Cancer Group
Authors: Sekimizu Masahiro , Watanabe Tomoyuki , Fukushima Hiroko , Koh Katsuyoshi , Yuza Yuki , Takeshima Yasuhiro , Watanabe Hiroyoshi , Anan Tadashi , Mori Takeshi , Mori Tetsuya , Kobayashi Ryoji , Nakazawa Atsuko , Ohshima Koichi , Saito Akiko M. , Takimoto Tetsuya , Tsurusawa Masahito , Horibe Keizo , Sunami Shosuke 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundLocalized lymphoblastic lymphoma (LL) is rare in pediatric patients. The best treatment for patients with localized LL remains to be determined because of the rarity of the disease.MethodsBetween November 2004 and October 2019, 41 newly diagnosed patients up to 18 years of age with localized LL (Murphy stages I and II) were enrolled in the LLB‐NHL03 trial. The treatment consisted of five phases: induction, consolidation, central nervous system prophylaxis, delayed intensification, and maintenance. The total duration of therapy was 24 months from the time of diagnosis.ResultsOf the 41 patients, six patients were excluded with a different diagnosis; therefore, 35 were included in the primary efficacy and safety analysis. The mean age at diagnosis was 9.2 years (range 2.1–16.1 years). Sixty‐five percent of patients were male. Twenty‐nine patients had a pre‐B immunophenotype, and six had a pre‐T immunophenotype. The head and neck area accounted for 66% of the primary sites. At a median follow‐up of more than 10 years, the 3‐year event‐free survival rate [95% confidence interval] was 97.1% [81.4–99.6%], and the 3‐year overall survival rate was 100%. Overall, patients tolerated the therapy well, and no treatment‐related deaths were observed.ConclusionThis is the largest clinical trial conducted exclusively in children with newly diagnosed localized stage LL. The outcomes of pediatric patients with localized LL treated with 2 years of acute lymphoblastic leukemia‐type therapy, which is characterized by a relatively low anthracycline dose, exclusive use of prednisolone steroids, and fewer intrathecal therapies compared with previous studies, were excellent.Clinical Trial Registration NumberThis trial was registered in the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCT): jRCTs041180131.
Unequal Genetic Redundancies Among MYC bHLH Transcription Factors Underlie Seedling Photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis
Authors: Garhwal Vikas , Das Sreya , Gangappa Sreeramaiah N. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLight is one of the most critical ecological cues controlling plant growth and development. Plants have evolved complex mechanisms to cope with fluctuating light signals. In Arabidopsis, bHLH transcription factors MYC2, MYC3, and MYC4 have been shown to play a vital role in protecting plants against herbivory and necrotrophic pathogens. While the role of MYC2 in light‐mediated seedling development has been studied in some detail, the role of MYC3 and MYC4 still needs to be discovered. Here, we show that MYC4 negatively regulates seedling photomorphogenesis, while the MYC3 function seems redundant. However, the genetic analysis reveals that MYC3/MYC4 together act as positive regulators of seedling photomorphogenic growth as the myc3myc4 double mutants showed exaggerated hypocotyl growth compared to the myc3 and myc4 single mutants and Col‐0. Intriguingly, the loss of MYC2 function in the myc3myc4 double mutant background (myc2myc3myc4) resulted in further enhancement in the hypocotyl growth than myc3myc4 double mutants in WL, BL and FRL, suggesting that MYC2/3/4 together play an essential and positive role in meditating optimal seedling photomorphogenesis. Besides, MYC3/MYC4 genetically and physically interact with HY5 to partially inhibit its function in controlling hypocotyl and photo‐pigment accumulation. Moreover, our results suggest that COP1 physically interacts and degrades MYC3 and MYC4 through the 26S proteasomal pathway and controls their response to dark and light for fine‐tuning HY5 function and seedling photomorphogenesis.
Intranasal diamorphine population pharmacokinetics modeling and simulation in pediatric breakthrough pain
Authors: Cai Lianjin , Zhai Jingchen , Ji Beihong , Han Fengyang , Niu Taoyu , Wang Luxuan , Wang Junmei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntranasal diamorphine (IND), approved for managing breakthrough pain in the UK, has been identified as an acceptable alternative offering effective, expedient, and less traumatic analgesia for children. However, the current dose regimen in pediatric populations relies on clinical expertise while the pharmacokinetics properties are poorly understood. This study aimed to develop diamorphine population pharmacokinetics (pop‐PK) models and simulate the IND dosing in virtual pediatric subjects. An integrated four‐compartment pop‐PK model with first‐order absorption and elimination provided an appropriate fit and characterized publicly available 385 concentration measurements of diamorphine, 6‐monoacetylmorphine, and morphine collected from adults. Body weight allometry and renal function maturation (age) were incorporated into the final model, serving as two covariates. The estimated IND relative bioavailability was around 52% compared with intramuscularly injected diamorphine. Using this final model, the morphine plasma concentrations, as the active metabolite for pain relief, were simulated in virtual subjects. The utility of model extrapolation was supported by external verification with acceptable average fold errors of 1.06 ± 0.30 and 0.83 ± 0.07 for morphine maximum concentration and exposures. Meanwhile, the simulated morphine concentration–time profiles could recover the PK profiles observed in children after a single dose of IND. The model‐based dosing simulations were therefore assessed in four children age groups to match the therapeutic window of morphine concentrations in steady state (10–20 μg/L). Our study demonstrates that the dose regimen of 0.3 mg/kg loading dose plus 0.1 mg/kg hourly maintenance dose is generally appropriate for multiple pediatric populations with breakthrough pain, in the view of PK.
Multi‐Photon Fock State Generation via Selective Single Photon Subtraction in a Cascaded Waveguide QED System
Authors: Pasharavesh Abdolreza , Bajcsy Michal 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis work presents a deterministic photon subtraction scheme that selectively extracts photons from an input light stream based on their arrival time sequence. The scheme exploits the temporal entanglement generated during single‐photon Raman interaction in a chiral waveguide coupled to a cascade of Λ‐type atoms. It is demonstrated that this photon subtractor enables the generation of high‐fidelity and modal purity multi‐photon Fock states. Using a variational approach, the modal structure of the output light is identified, based on a non‐orthogonal basis formed through post‐selection of the output pulses. Within an input‐output network framework, numerical simulations are performed to calculate the quantum state of the output light. Additionally, the use of the generated Fock‐state pulses in optical interferometry is investigated, demonstrating their potential for quantum metrology applications at the Heisenberg limit.
Robust Beamforming Design for Achievable Secrecy Rate Maximization in IRS‐Aided Satellite Systems
Authors: Li Fei , Mi Yuting , Wang Zining , Ding Changfeng , Lin Min 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates a robust secure transmission design for enhancing the physical layer security (PLS) in an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)‐aided satellite system. Especially since it is challenging to obtain the perfect channel state information (CSI) related to the IRS links, we consider here two different scenarios. Specifically, (1) perfect legitimate users' CSI (LCSI) and imperfect eavesdroppers' CSI (ECSI) are adopted. (2) the case of imperfect LCSI and imperfect ECSI. Under both scenarios, we formulate an optimization problem aiming to maximize the minimal achievable secrecy rate (ASR) among legitimate users subject to quality‐of‐service requirements and satellite transmit power budget. In order to tackle this nonconvex optimization problem, we propose a robust beamforming (BF) algorithm combining second‐order Taylor series expansion and Bernstein‐type inequality to jointly optimize transmit power of satellite and phase shifts of IRS. Finally, numerical results confirm the robustness and superiority of the proposed scheme under different CSI uncertainty scenarios.
Sodium‐Deficient NASICON Na3+xVFe(PO4)3 Cathode for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhu Chengcheng , Liu Xi , Li Chang , Chen Yan , Guo Xinyu , Luo Dawei , Ji Wenhai , Deng Wenjun , Li Rui 
Published: February 2025

AbstractNASICON‐type Na3V2(PO4)3(NVP) material possesses robust 3D structure and high sodium diffusivity, thus showcasing its immense potential in sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). However, considering the perspective of environmental conservation, it is imperative to substitute vanadium with elements that are both cost‐effective and non‐toxic in order to further enhance its application in SIBs. Herein, Fe is utilized to replace the V site in the sodium vanadium phosphate structure and successfully prepared a pure phase sodium‐deficient NASICON (sodium superionic conductor) Na3.15VFe0.86(PO4)3 (NVFP‐650) cathode. It is found that the regulation of sintering temperature for Na3+xVFe(PO4)3(NVFP) material can effectively mitigate the formation of secondary phases and enhance the electrochemical properties of the resulting product. The sodium‐deficient cathode shows enhanced electrochemical performance and sodium ion diffusion kinetics. It exhibits a high capacity of 102.8 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, and exhibits a high‐capacity retention of 95.7% after 2000 cycles at 20 C. The energy storage mechanism and structural evolution are further investigated through SEM, TEM, XPS, and in situ XRD characterizations. The compositional modulation of sodium‐deficient NVFP and the elucidation of its cycling mechanisms in this work would provide valuable insights for enhancing the performance of sodium energy storage systems.
Willingness to Pay for Solid Waste Management Service in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh: A Contingent Valuation Approach
Authors: Jahan Mst. Esrat , Hossain Md. Elias 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe study aims to estimate households’ willingness to pay (WTP) for solid waste management service (SWMS) in the slum areas of Rajshahi. To satisfy the objective, a double‐bounded dichotomous choice contingent valuation method (CVM) has been applied. Data were analyzed using logistic regression model. The findings of the study reveal that majority of the households (87.5%) have a positive WTP for the service. Their mean WTP per month is found to be Tk. 25.92 (0.22 US$). Households’ WTP decision was significantly influenced by monthly household income, gender, and education level of the household head, household size, amounts of waste generation, and their concern about waste management. The contribution of the present study is that the findings can help with developing a system of payment for SWMS, which is obvious for a contingent valuation (CV) study and this can be a suggestion on pricing the service by the municipal authority, who generally lacks this information. Moreover, the study will contribute policies regarding minimization of waste‐caused environmental pollution by analyzing residents’ motivation toward the issue.
Nanoparticle Contrast Agents for Photon‐Counting Computed Tomography: Recent Developments and Future Opportunities
Authors: Devkota Laxman , Bhavane Rohan , Badea Cristian T. , Tanifum Eric A. , Annapragada Ananth V. , Ghaghada Ketan B. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe clinical availability of photon‐counting computed tomography (PCCT) has ushered in a new era of CT imaging. Spectral imaging coupled with superior contrast resolution, and ultrahigh spatial resolution (200 μm) offered by PCCT has the potential to revolutionize value‐driven imaging. The potential of multicolor PCCT has generated excitement, and renewed interest, in novel contrast agent development for comprehensive disease interrogation, prediction and monitoring of treatment outcomes. Nanoparticles provide a versatile and powerful platform for the development of next generation contrast agents for spectral PCCT. In this article, we review recent developments and use of nanoparticle contrast agents for PCCT. We also discuss future research and translational opportunities for nanoparticle‐based CT contrast agents enabled by the advent of PCCT and describe key considerations for their clinical translation.
Macroseismology
Authors: Hough Susan E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this chapter I discuss the use of so-called macroseismic data, i.e., reports of damage and other effects of shaking on humans and the built environment, to improve the characterization of earthquakes and the ground motions they produce. Macroseismic data are critical not only to investigate earthquakes that occurred before the start of the instrumental era in seismology, but are also, by virtue of the spatially rich nature of the data, of tremendous potential importance to investigate early instrumental and even recent earthquakes. Fueled by both the advent of on-line systems that now produce unprecedented volumes of macroseismic intensity data and by recognition of the importance of understanding key historical earthquakes, there has been a growing appreciation for the value of macroseismic data. It is, however, critical to understand both the unique challenges and the unique opportunities associated with these data. I review the evolution of thought and practices regarding analysis of macroseismic data, and the use of such data to improve the characterization of historic and early instrumental earthquakes.
Past Earthquakes in Continental Settings—A Geomorphologic Perspective
Authors: Zielke O. , Klinger Y. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter addresses the measurement of displaced geomorphic landforms to constrain the along-fault distribution of surface displacement from individual earthquakes and their recurrence. This line of work is motivated by the desire to constrain the size and other characteristics of past earthquakes to permit estimates of a fault’s likely future behavior to further improve seismic hazard assessment. For a number of reasons, discussed in this chapter, taking such measurements is not trivial. With this chapter, we want to outline why such measurements are important, what data sets are used to take them, how measurements can be taken and what assumptions are adopted to take those measurements. We also provide our recommendations for taking such offset measurements as well as a conceptual model for earthquake recurrence, based on findings from numerous researchers over the last few decades.
Generative AI and childhood education: lessons from the smartphone generation
Authors: Machidon Octavian-Mihai 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article examines the potential parallels between children's widespread adoption of smartphones and the emerging reliance on generative AI tools in childhood education. Drawing on Jonathan Haidt’s insights into how phone-based childhoods can disrupt the development of critical executive functions, and Shannon Vallor’s concept of “moral deskilling,” the discussion raises concerns about “intellectual deskilling” in younger generations. As generative AI tools like ChatGPT gain popularity, children risk becoming overly reliant on automated solutions, potentially undermining metacognition and critical thinking. This paper highlights risks such as cognitive offloading, instant gratification, and diminished perseverance and proposes measures to ensure generative AI supports rather than replaces essential developmental experiences.
Global Prevalence of Overactive Bladder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Lin , Cai Nian , Mo Li , Tian Xiaofang , Liu Hongcen , Yu Bohai 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction and Hypothesis
This study aims to systematically estimate the global prevalence of overactive bladder (OAB), identify demographic and regional factors contributing to prevalence variations, and assess trends in prevalence over the past two decades.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guideline. From inception to April 2024, computerized searches for OAB prevalence-related literature were conducted on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Studies of OAB prevalence in the general population were included. Two independent researchers conducted the screening, data extraction, and quality assessment of the included studies.

Results
A total of 53 studies, encompassing 610,438 participants, were ultimately included in the analysis. The meta-analysis determined the global prevalence of OAB to be 20% (95% CI 0.18–0.21). Over the past 20 years, there has been an increase in OAB prevalence, rising from 18.1% (95% CI 0.13–0.23) to 23.9% (95% CI 0.19–0.29). Among women, the prevalence of OAB was 21.9% (95% CI 0.20–0.24), indicating higher rates compared to men (OR = 16.1, 95% CI 0.15–0.18). The study also found higher prevalence rates among overweight and obese individuals (OR = 18.6, 95% CI 0.13–0.24) and those aged 60 years and above (OR = 28.3, 95% CI 0.24–0.33). Middle-income countries exhibited higher prevalence rates compared to high-income countries.

Conclusions
The study highlights higher risks of OAB among obese individuals, women, and the elderly. OAB prevalence has shown an increasing trend over the past 20 years.
MRI safety—developing the right culture
Authors: Alkhulaifat Dana , Vidal Lorenna , Larsen Ethan , Serai Suraj D. , Sinti-Ycochea Mario , Mecca Patricia , Orfe Lauren , Sotardi Susan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) among pediatric populations has risen, requiring strict adherence to MRI safety protocols for patient care. Children often face more complex safety risks compared to adult populations due to several challenges, such as increased need for sedation, and the limited data and testing on implant safety in pediatric patients. Our aim is to examine the key features of MRI safety and how safety culture impacts important aspects of MRI processes, including patient and staff screening, physical barriers, zoning regulations, emergency response protocols, and adverse event management. This article also explores the cornerstone of MRI safety, the Just Culture approach, which emphasizes transparency, accountability, and improvement of processes over punishment. Key efforts towards building and maintaining safety culture focus on raising awareness, outlining escalation procedures, and instilling a safety-first mindset. Given MRI safety’s critical importance in pediatric patient care and staff well-being, the development of a culture that supports these goals is an imperative for every imaging center.

Graphical Abstract
High-repetition-rate operation of LE CO2 laser without Helium or pre-ionization
Authors: Okawa Ryo , Uno Kazuyuki , Watarai Shohei , Kodama Yasushi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A He-free CO2 laser excited by a longitudinal pulsed discharge produced short laser pulses at repetition rates up to 700 Hz. A discharge tube with an inner diameter of 8 to 16 mm and a length of 60 to 80 cm was employed, with a fast, high-voltage pulse of approximately 22.0 to 30.3 kV and a rise time of 300 ns. No pre-ionization or fast gas flow systems were used. The oscillation characteristics at various repetition rates, gas mixing ratios, gas pressures, input energies, output coupler reflectivities and discharge tube sizes were investigated. A short laser pulse with a tail was produced under all conditions. In the discharge tube with an inner diameter of 8 mm and a length of 80 cm, a CO2/N2 mixture at a ratio of 1:2 and a wavelength of 10.6 μm, the maximum laser output energies were 32.5, 13.1 and 3.27 mJ at repetition rates of 300, 500 and 700 Hz, respectively.
Posterior fossa astroblastoma: a case report of an extremely rare tumor with challenging diagnosis in a child and a review of literature
Authors: Shabo Ehab , Zoubaa Saida , Gielen Gerrit H. , Clauberg Ralf , Wispel Christian , Pietsch Torsten , Vatter Hartmut , Sarikaya-Seiwert Sevgi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A 7-year-old boy presented to the hospital with recurrent nausea and vomiting over 2 weeks. A cranial MRI revealed a large heterogeneous lesion in the posterior fossa extending from the fourth ventricle to the foramen magnum with contact to the brainstem. The lesion showed moderate diffusion restriction and multiple small cystic components. The child underwent gross total resection. The primary histological findings suggested proliferative active tumor without further definition. The extended histological examination 3 weeks later confirmed the diagnosis of astroblastoma. Due to complete resection and full recovery of the patient, watchful waiting with radiological follow-up was recommended. Astroblastoma is an extremely rare tumor especially in the posterior fossa. However, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis in every tumor presenting the discussed radiological and histological features, especially in young aged patients.