bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disseminated Primary Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection in a 22-Year-Old male
Authors: Erdmann Nathan , Hewitt Benjamin A. , Atkinson Thomas Prescott , Van Wagoner Nicholas 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe present a case of primary disseminated herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) cutaneous disease in a 22-year-old male. We discuss the immune response to HSV-2 infection as well as the extragenital manifestations of HSV-2 observed in immune-competent and immune-suppressed persons.
The Effect of General Anesthesia on the Microelectrode Recordings From Pallidal Neurons in Patients With Dystonia
Authors: Venkatraghavan Lashmi , Rakhman Evgeny , Krishna Vibhor , Sammartino Francesco , Manninen Pirjo , Hutchison William 
Published: June 2015

Background:
The most common anesthetic technique for patients undergoing insertion of deep brain stimulators (DBS) is local anesthesia with or without conscious sedation as this facilitates intraoperative microelectrode recordings (MERs) for target localization. However, general anesthesia (GA) may be needed in some of the patients especially those with dystonia. The purpose of our study was to determine the effects of GA on MERs from pallidal neurons in patients with dystonia undergoing DBS implantation surgery.

Methods:
After IRB approval, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients who had insertion of DBS from January 2009 to December 2013. Data collected and analyzed included demographics, indications for DBS, targets of insertion, MER, and anesthetic management. From the records we identified patients with dystonia who received GA for DBS insertion. We then compared the MER data under GA with the data from patients who had surgery under local anesthesia only during the same time period. Because of the small sample size, the effects of various anesthetic regiments on MER and localization of target nuclei were compared qualitatively.

Results:
Of the 435 patients who underwent DBS insertion during the study period, 20 (4.3%) patients had GA for the procedure. Dystonia was the most common indication for GA (16/20 patients, 80%). Good-quality MER data obtained from 10 patients with dystonia under GA was compared with 8 patients who had no sedation for the procedure. Administration of GA made target localization difficult due to suppression of both spontaneous and evoked neuronal discharges from internal globus pallidus. Although not studied systematically, propofol (>100 mcg/kg/min) seemed to suppress pallidal discharges more than GA with a lower dose of propofol (<75 mcg/kg/min), remifentanil, and 0.2% to 0.4% end-tidal sevoflurane or desflurane.

Conclusions:
Our retrospective review suggests that there was a difference in spontaneous and evoked neuronal discharges with MER performed under GA compared with no sedation. MER recordings during GA appeared most robust during a combination of anesthetics including low-dose propofol infusion, remifentanil, and a low concentration of either sevoflurane or desflurane. Our findings can inform a power analysis to determine the sample size that would be required to prospectively test the hypothesis that there is a difference in spontaneous and evoked neuronal discharges with MER performed under GA compared with no sedation.
c-Met Overexpression in Cervical Cancer, a Prognostic Factor and a Potential Molecular Therapeutic Target
Authors: Refaat Tamer , Donnelly Eric D. , Sachdev Sean , Parimi Vamsi , El Achy Samar , Dalal Prarthana , Farouk Mohamed , Berg Natasha , Helenowski Irene , Gross Jeffrey P. , Lurain John , Strauss Jonathan B. , Woloschak Gayle , Wei Jian-Jun , Small William 
Published: June 2015

Purpose:
This study aimed to assess the association between pretreatment c-Met overexpression in local-regional advanced cervical cancer patients treated definitively with concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CRT) and treatment outcomes including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), distant metastases (DM) control, and local-regional control (LC).

Patients and Methods:
This Institutional Review Board–approved study included cervical cancer patients treated definitively and consecutively with CRT. Evaluation of cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for c-Met was performed and scored semiquantitatively by 3 pathologists, blinded to the treatment outcomes, and incorporated both the intensity and percentage of immunoreactivity in invasive carcinoma (H score). Treatment outcomes were reviewed and reported. Outcomes were stratified by c-Met overexpression and tumor characteristics. OS, PFS, LC, and DC rates were obtained via the Kaplan-Meier method and differences between groups were evaluated by the log-rank test. Hazard ratios were obtained via Cox regression for both univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results:
The 5-year OS, PFS, LC, and DC were 57.18%, 48.07%, 72.11%, and 62.85%, respectively. Ten (35.7%) and 18 patients (64.3%) had c-Met H index >30 and<30, respectively. c-Met overexpression was significantly associated with worse 3- and 5-year OS (P=0.003), PFS (P=0.002), LC (P=0.01), and DC (P=0.0003). Patients with c-Met overexpression had a hazard ratio of 6.297, 5.782, 6.28, and 18.173 for the risks of death, disease progression, local recurrence, and DM, respectively.

Conclusion:
c-Met overexpression could be a potential predictive marker and therapeutic target for local-regional advanced cervical cancer patients treated definitively with CRT.
Stimulus induced visual cortical networks are recapitulated by spontaneous local and inter-areal synchronization
Authors: Lewis C. M. , Bosman C. A. , Womelsdorf T. , Fries P. 
Published: June 2015

SummaryIntrinsic covariation of brain activity has been studied across many levels of brain organization. Between visual areas, neuronal activity covaries primarily among portions with similar retinotopic selectivity. We hypothesized that spontaneous inter-areal co-activation is subserved by neuronal synchronization. We performed simultaneous high-density electrocorticographic recordings across several visual areas in awake monkeys to investigate spatial patterns of local and inter-areal synchronization. We show that stimulation-induced patterns of inter-areal co-activation were reactivated in the absence of stimulation. Reactivation occurred through both, inter-areal co-fluctuation of local activity and inter-areal phase synchronization. Furthermore, the trial-by-trial covariance of the induced responses recapitulated the pattern of inter-areal coupling observed during stimulation, i.e. the signal correlation. Reactivation-related synchronization showed distinct peaks in the theta, alpha and gamma frequency bands. During passive states, this rhythmic reactivation was augmented by specific patterns of arrhythmic correspondence. These results suggest that networks of intrinsic covariation observed at multiple levels and with several recording techniques are related to synchronization and that behavioral state may affect the structure of intrinsic dynamics.
Correspondence between resting state activity and brain gene expression
Authors: Wang Guang-Zhong , Grant Belgard T. , Mao Deng , Chen Leslie , Berto Stefano , Preuss Todd M. , Lu Hanzhang , Geschwind Daniel H. , Konopka Genevieve 
Published: June 2015

SUMMARYThe relationship between functional brain activity and gene expression has not been fully explored in the human brain. Here, we identify significant correlations between gene expression in the brain and functional activity by comparing fractional Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuations (fALFF) from two independent human fMRI resting state datasets to regional cortical gene expression from a newly generated RNA-seq dataset and two additional gene expression datasets to obtain robust and reproducible correlations. We find significantly more genes correlated with fALFF than expected by chance, and identify specific genes correlated with the imaging signals in multiple expression datasets in the default mode network. Together, these data support a population-level relationship between regional steady state brain gene expression and resting state brain activity.HIGHLIGHTSGene expression is correlated with resting state activity in human brain.Specific genes are correlated with activity in the default mode network.Activity-correlated genes are enriched in neurons.Regionally-patterned gene expression is enriched for activity-correlated genes.
Transformational leadership in perception of subordinates
Authors: Stelmokiene Aurelija , Endriulaitiene Aukse 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to identify the model that explains transformational leadership in perceptions of subordinates from Lithuanian organizations and to find out the interactive predictive value of perceivers’ personality traits and social identification.Design/methodology/approach– The self-administered questionnaires that consisted of global transformational leadership scale, social identification questionnaire and NEO-FFI from 505 employees provided data for this study. Cross-sectional methodology, group comparison, correlational and linear regression analyses, structural equation modeling were used to answer the main research questions.Findings– Results of this study suggest that integrative model in which social identification and neuroticism are predictors of perceived transformational leadership and extraversion and agreeableness have links with social identification explains how subordinates perceive transformational leadership. More extraverted and agreeable subordinates tend to report higher levels of social identification with work-unit that together with less emotional stability are related to seeing leader as more transformational.Research limitations/implications– Self-report data may bias the results due to social desirability. Future research should include group’s and individual’s prototypes as important variables in the model that explains perceived transformational leadership.Practical implications– Data of the study revealed that social characteristics of subordinates are important factors in a process of meaning making about a leader. Moreover, human resource managers should be aware that different team building interventions are recommended to employees with different personality profiles.Originality/value– This study is based on a leading transformational leadership theory from under-estimated follower-centric perspective. In addition, it specifically examines interactive predictive value of individual and social subordinates’ characteristics to perceived transformational leadership.
Coupled FEM and experimental analysis to characterize initial crack growth regime in AISI 316L(N) stainless steel
Authors: Krishnan S. A. , Moitra A. , Sasikala G. , Albert S.K. , Bhaduri A.K. 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology to predict initial crack growth behavior of crack or notch like stress raisers in AISI 316L(N) stainless steel material subjected to monotonic loading condition.

Design/methodology/approach
– The methodology for critical crack blunting corresponding to crack initiation in crack or notch like stress raisers is based on critical plastic strain (Epc) at a characteristic distance (lc), where uniform strain (Eu) is considered as Epc and two grain diameter is considered as lc. Further crack growth is based on parabolic crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) scheme established based on coupled experimental and FEM analysis of compact tension (CT) specimen subjected to mode-I loading condition. The FEM predicted load-displacement plots is compared with experimental result of CT specimens with different a/W ratios. It has shown that the proposed methodology could account initial crack blunting appropriately and predict the fracture load and load-displacement plots for initial crack growth regime.

Findings
– The results show that for crack growth with near straight crack front, experimental data from a CT specimen of particular a/W ratio coupled with plane strain 2D FEM analysis could predict load vs displacement plots for different a/W ratios when initial crack blunting is accounted appropriately with a local damage model.

Originality/value
– The present study is a part of developing methods to analyse fracture behavior of AISI 316L(N) SS material components used for fast breeder reactor-based power plant being built at Kalpakkam, India.
Enhancement of optical, mechanical and micro structural properties in nanocomposite films of PVA doped with WO3 nanoparticles
Authors: N.B. Rithin Kumar , Crasta Vincent , Praveen B M 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the synthesis, preparation and investigation of micro structural, optical and mechanical studies of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) doped with tungsten oxide (WO3) nanocomposites films. These films were prepared by simple solvent casting method is further characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectroscopy, universal testing machine (UTM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) and atomic force microscope (AFM) techniques to determine the enhancement in structural, optical and mechanical properties with increase in dopant concentration.

Design/methodology/approach
– The present paper deals with the synthesis of WO3 nanoparticles using precipitation method and doping into PVA matrix to prepare a polymer nanocomposite film using coagulation and solvent casting method. The FTIR explores the interaction of dopants with PVA matrix. The XRD spectra investigate the variation of crystallinity. The UV/Vis-spectra reveals the information of optical energy band gap and the Urbach Energy for different doping concentrations. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were exposed using UTM. The phase homogeneity, film topography, chemical composition of nanocomposites is analyzed using SEM, EDAX and AFM techniques supporting the above results.

Findings
– The films characterized by FTIR spectroscopy explores the irregular shift in the bands of pure and doped PVA can be understood on the basis of intra/inter molecular hydrogen bonding with the adjacent OH group of PVA backbone. The XRD result reconnoiters that the particle size and crystallinity increases whereas microstructural strain and dislocation density decreases with increase in dopant concentration. Further the drastic decrease in optical energy band gap E

g
=0.94 eV for doping concentration x=15 wt% and the increase in values of Urbach Energy (E

u
) with doping concentrations were investigated by UV/Vis spectra. Also the extinction coefficient was high in the wavelength range of 250-400 nm and low in the wavelength range of 400-1,200 nm. The mechanical studies indicates that the addition of the WO3 with weight percentage concentration x=15 percent increases the tensile strength and Young’s modulus. The phase homogeneity, the particle size of the dopants and chemical composition of nanocomposites is analyzed using SEM and EDAX. The film topography of the nanocomposites is analyzed using AFM techniques supporting the above results.

Originality/value
– The investigation of synthesis, preparation and investigation of micro structural, optical and mechanical studies of PVA doped with WO3 nanocomposites films as been done. The results prove that these nanocomposites having good mechanical strength with crystalline nature and also very low optical energy gap value that could find possible applications in industries.
Achieving integrated care through CAS thinking and a collaborative mindset
Authors: Edgren Lars , Barnard Keith 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to contribute to knowledge by exploring and distilling how providers in health and social care who have adopted complex adaptive systems thinking (CAS thinking) and have a collaborative mindset are in a better position to achieve integrated care than those who adopt reductionist approaches.Design/methodology/approach– This paper is a research review and a conceptual analysis of key aspects drawn from the literature on CAS thinking and collaborative mindset applied to integrated care. By choosing this approach the authors intend to promote understanding and efforts made to put it into action. The intended audience comprises managers responsible for addressing the problem of fragmentation and the research community challenged by the task of supporting those managers.Findings– Specialization of knowledge and skill has increased the risk of fragmentation. It is possible to reduce that risk and hence to foster integrated care when providers with different specializations stimulated by a collaborative mindset develop an understanding of how they connect with others in a CAS. The essence of CAS thinking applied to integrated care is the readiness to connect. This readiness is facilitated by adopting a collaborative mindset.Originality/value– Literature on CAS thinking and collaborative mindset have evolved independently of one another. The study points at the importance of connecting the two concepts to produce effective action.
Do we need medical leadership or medical engagement?
Authors: Spurgeon Peter , Long Paul , Clark John , Daly Frank 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to address issues of medical leadership within health systems and to clarify the associated conceptual issues, for example, leadership versus management and medical versus clinical leadership. However, its principle contribution is to raise the issue of the purpose or outcome of medical leadership, and, in this respect, it argues that it is to promote medical engagement.

Design/methodology/approach
– The approach is to provide evidence, both from the literature and empirically, to suggest that enhanced medical engagement leads to improved organisational performance and, in doing so, to review the associated concepts.

Findings
– Building on current evidence from the UK and Australia, the authors strengthen previous findings that effective medical leadership underpins the effective organisational performance.

Research limitations/implications
– There is a current imbalance between the size of the databases on medical engagement between the UK (very large) and Australia (small but developing).

Practical implications
– The authors aim to equip medical leaders with the appropriate skill set to promote and enhance greater medical engagement. The focus of leaders in organisations should be in creating a culture that fosters and supports medical engagement.

Social implications
– This paper provides empowerment of medical professionals to have greater influence in the running of the organisation in which they deliver care.

Originality/value
– The paper contains, for the first time, linked performance data from the Care Quality Commission in the UK and from Australia with the new set of medical engagement findings.
Changes in commitment to change among leaders in home help services
Authors: Westerberg Kristina , Tafvelin Susanne 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of the this study was to explore the development of commitment to change among leaders in the home help services during organizational change and to study this development in relation to workload and stress. During organizational change initiatives, commitment to change among leaders is important to ensure the implementation of the change. However, little is known of development of commitment of change over time.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study used a qualitative design with semi-structured interviews with ten leaders by the time an organizational change initiative was launched and follow-up one year later. Thematic content analysis was used to analyze the interviews.

Findings
– Commitment to change is not static, but seems to develop over time and during organizational change. At the first interview, leaders had a varied pattern reflecting different dimensions of commitment to change. One year later, the differences between leaders’ commitment to change was less obvious. Differences in commitment to change had no apparent relationship with workload or stress.

Research limitations/implications
– The data were collected from one organization, and the number of participants were small which could affect the results on workload and stress in relation to commitment to change.

Practical implications
– It is important to support leaders during organizational change initiatives to maintain their commitment. One way to accomplish this is to use management team meetings to monitor how leaders perceive their situation.

Originality/value
– Qualitative, longitudinal and leader studies on commitment to change are all unusual, and taken together, this study shows new aspects of commitment.
The relationship between supervisor support and individual improvisation
Authors: Nisula Anna-Maija 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of perceived supervisor support on individual improvisation, and the mediating role of the psychological empowerment and improvisation-related self-efficacy in that relationship.Design/methodology/approach– The data were collected in 2011 from the large municipal organization. The total sample size was 593. The partial least square analysis conducted to estimate the mediation effects of empowerment and self-efficacy on the relationship between supervisor support and individual improvisation.Findings– The findings of the study show psychological empowerment and improvisation-related self-efficacy as mechanisms through which supervisor support affects individual improvisation.Research limitations/implications– Limitation of the study is that it concerns only one organization. The study extends understanding of the factors effecting on individual improvisation in organizations and invites management to pay attention to the mechanisms through which they can affect their subordinates. In a broader sense, the results of this study suggest organizations to develop their management system to better empower their subordinates to stimulate creativity, innovation, novel solutions to face the environmental turbulence.Practical implications– The practical implications of this study invite management to pay attention to the mechanisms through which they can affect their subordinates. In a broader sense, the results of this study suggest organizations to develop their management system to better empower their subordinates, which thereby could stimulate organizational creativity, innovation, and novel solutions to face the environmental turbulence.Originality/value– The study provides originality by examining the factors effecting on individual improvisation in organizations and by examining the effect of multiple factors, both individual level-and organizational-level factors on individual-level phenomenon (improvisation). The results of the study are valuable for organizations aiming to foster organizational creativity and innovation.