bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the virulence of Sclerotium rolfsii isolates on Arachis hypogaea and screening for resistant genotypes in greenhouse conditions
Authors: Eslami A.A. , Khodaparast S.A. , Mousanejad S. , Padasht Dehkaei F. 
Published: March 2015

Summary

Sclerotium rolfsii is a soil borne pathogen responsible for root and stem rot on a wide range of crops. This study was conducted to identify the virulence of different S. rolfsii isolates on a susceptible local peanut germplasm and determine the resistance of 20 peanut genotypes to the most virulent isolate and also the relationship between virulence and mycelial compatibility groups (MCGs). Seventy eight isolates of this fungus from 10 host plants and six known MCGs were used in the experiment. The experiment was done in greenhouse conditions (25±5°C) using a complete randomized block design with three replications. Pots containing sterile soil (pH=6.7) were inoculated with barley seeds colonized by each isolate separately before being seeded with the peanut germplasm. Disease severity was assessed by scoring the wilting, yellowing or death of plants, mycelia or sclerotia production on the soil surface or on plant stem, stem area affected (%) and stem lesion length, at the stage of plant maturity. Also, shoot wet weight and plant height were recorded at this stage. According to the results of the pathogenicity tests, all of the isolates were virulent on the susceptible peanut germplasm and the virulence diff ered signifi cantly between the isolates (P≤0.01). There was no relationship between the virulence of the five groups of isolates identified in the present study and the MCGs. The peanut genotype 140, which was better than the others based on seed size, plant height and the canopy size, was also the most resistant one
Record of Phenacoccus peruvianus Granara de Willing and Phenacoccus madeirensis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on new host ornamental plants in Greece
Authors: Stathas G.J. , Kartsonas E.D. , Darras A.I. 
Published: March 2015

Summary
Two invasive mealybug species, Phenacoccus peruvianus Granara de Willink and Phenacoccus madeirensis Green (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), have been recorded on new species of ornamental plants in diff erent regions of Greece. Phenacoccus peruvianus was recorded in Athens on Cestrum nocturnum L. (Solanaceae) in September 2013. Phenacoccus madeirensis was found in Kalamata (Peloponnese) on Aloysia citriodora Palau (Verbenaceae) in May 2014 and on Osteospermum jucundum (Phillips) (Asteraceae) in July 2014. This is the first record of O. jucundum as host plant of P. madeirensis
Evaluation of AquatainTM monomolecular surface film against mosquito larvae of Culex pipiens in a full-grown rice field in Greece
Authors: Kioulos I. , Koliopoulos G. 
Published: March 2015

Summary
The impact of the monomolecular surface fi lm AquatainTM against mosquito larvae was tested in a rice field in Central Greece. AquatainTM was poured in a 1.2 hectare rice paddy along the one side of the field. Laboratory reared mosquito larvae of Culex pipiens were introduced into cages placed in three different transects along the short side of the rice paddy. Larval mortality was counted 3, 6, 15 and 25 days after application. In the line located closer to the site of AquatainTM application, larval mortality ranged from 100% to 70%, 25 days after application. Mortality ranged from 88% to 25% in the middle transect and from 42%, to 10% in the more distant line. The results indicated that AquatainTM provides sufficient larval control in wide mosquito larval habitats
Band Gap Properties of Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Structures with Rectangular Lattice
Authors: Alipour-Banaei Hamed , Serajmohammadi Somaye , Mehdizadeh Farhad , Andalib Alireza 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this paper we proposed a new structure of two-dimensional photonic crystals with rectangular lattice. After deducing the primitive lattice vectors and first Brillouin zone of the structures, we studied the band gap properties of horizontal and vertical rectangular lattice structures and compared them with conventional square lattice structure. The most excellent characteristic of these structures is their joint band gap regions, which make them suitable for designing polarization-independent devices. The other advantage of these structures is having band gaps at higher normalized frequencies.
New Generation of Optical NoC System with Wireless CDMA Architecture
Authors: Mrabet Hichem , Attia Rabah 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this paper, a new generation of Network-on-chip (NoC) system with CDMA code is proposed. A Bipolar CDMA code is used to provide a good system performance and to reduce MAI. Two structures of a detector are employed, which are the PIN and the APD detectors, while putting into consideration thermal noise. On one hand, we are proving, in this work, that system performance can achieve a good BER value in optical context with an acceptable node number. On the other hand, system bandwidth can reach 16 Gbit/s with an acceptable SNR compared to wired architecture.
Donohue syndrome: a new case with a new complication
Authors: Odeh Rasha , Alassaf Abeer , Al-Qudah Abdelkarim A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractDonohue syndrome (DS) is a very rare autosomal recessive disease affecting less than one in a million live births. It represents the most severe form of insulin resistance due to mutations involving the insulin receptor gene. DS is characterized by pre- and postnatal growth retardation with failure to thrive, lipoatrophy, muscle wasting, acanthosis nigricans, hypertrichosis, and dysmorphic features. Glucose homeostasis is affected with hyperinsulinemia, fasting hypoglycemia, and postprandial hyperglycemia. We report a Jordanian patient with genetically proven DS who had the classical physical features, progressive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cholestasis, and hyperglycemia, followed by hypoglycemia. In addition, the patient developed polyuria and uremia despite normal creatinine levels, hypernatremia, and hypertension. To our knowledge, these metabolic derangements were not previously reported in patients with DS.
Early onset hearing loss in autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets caused by loss of function mutation in ENPP1
Authors: Steichen-Gersdorf Elisabeth , Lorenz-Depiereux Bettina , Strom Tim Matthias , Shaw Nicholas J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAutosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets 2 (ARHR2) is a rare form of renal tubular phosphate wasting disorder. Loss of function mutations of the ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/pyrophosphodiesterase 1 gene (
Metabolic syndrome in obese children and adolescents in Serbia: prevalence and risk factors
Authors: Vukovic Rade , Zdravkovic Dragan , Mitrovic Katarina , Milenkovic Tatjana , Todorovic Sladjana , Vukovic Ana , Soldatovic Ivan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractTo assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in obese children and adolescents in Serbia.The study group consisted of 254 subjects (148 female and 106 male), aged 4.6–18.9 years with diet-induced obesity (body mass index ≥95th percentile). Presence of MS using the International Diabetes Federation definition was assessed in all subjects, as well as oral glucose tolerance test and insulin resistance indices.Overall prevalence of MS in all subjects aged ≥10 years was 31.2%, namely, 28.7% in children aged 10 to <16 years and 40.5% in adolescents ≥16 years. When adjusted for age, gender and pubertal development, higher degree of obesity was a strong predictor of MS. Multivariate analysis showed that taller subjects and those with higher degree of insulin resistance were at significantly higher risk of MS, independent of the degree of obesity.High prevalence of MS emphasizes the need for prevention and treatment of childhood obesity.
The level of rodent problems in poultry farms of Rawalpindi-Islamabad, Pakistan
Authors: Shahwar Awan Durr e , Hussain Ifthikhar 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe surveyed 69 poultry farms to assess the level of rodent infestation and identify the factors associated with the infestation in the area of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Rodents were recorded in 63 farms, and the factors associated with their occurrence included broken window screens, defective doors, presence of cracks in floor and walls, the practice of dumping poultry manure and wastes within farm premises and unmanaged wild vegetation. The structural conditions of poultry sheds were relatively better than those of the food stores, reflecting the farmers’ interest to protect poultry. Farms older than 10 years had poor structural conditions and higher rodent infestation. Farms managed by owners had lower rodent populations compared with those operated by tenants, suggesting that farm owners exert more effort to ensure adequate maintenance of farm facilities. We quantified the amount of damage caused by rodents to poultry eggs (0.001%, an average of 31±3.4 eggs per day) and food bags (5.9%, an average of 5±0.3 feed bags daily). We also measured the level of contamination of poultry food by rodents. Analysis of the samples of poultry food collected from sheds and food stores revealed that about 37.5±4.5 and 40.3±6.4 per kg, respectively, were contaminated by rodents based on counts or about 10.5±2.9 g/kg and 6.3±0.8 g/kg by weight, respectively. We conducted rodent trapping at 23 poultry farms to assess their population. We captured six rodent species, namely,
Null model analysis on bat species co-occurrence and nestedness patterns in a region of the Atlantic Rainforest, Brazil
Authors: Varzinczak Luiz Henrique , Bernardi Itiberê Piaia , Passos Fernando C. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis study aimed to test through null models analysis the co-occurrence and nestedness patterns of bat species in a region of the Atlantic Rainforest. Data from 10 communities were tabulated in presence-absence matrices. Two metrics have been used to test the co-occurrence patterns: C-Score, which calculates the “checkerboard” pattern testing the interspecific competition between pairs of species, and V-Ratio, which calculates the covariance between species. All analyses were performed with EcoSim software. For nestedness analyses, we utilized the NODF metric through the Aninhado software. None of all the C-Score results showed a significant pattern of species association, indicating a higher coexistence among bat species. For V-Ratio, three results indicated nonrandom associations of species. The communities are highly nested, with poor species sites being subsets of richer sites. The diversification in this group allows the coexistence of species, decreasing the niche overlap. Nested pattern is common in mammal communities, and the significance of our results is in accordance with the results of the co-occurrence test. Competitive interactions may lead to differences in abundance of species in communities. However, as the method of bat sampling is considered biased, the results using binary data, as in our study, seems to be the most trustful method.
Breeding habits of the Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) in Potohar Plateau, Pakistan
Authors: Mahmood Tariq , Irshad Nausheen , Hussain Riaz , Akrim Faraz , Hussain Iftikhar , Anwar Maqsood , Rais Muhammad , Nadeem Muhammad Sajid 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe Indian pangolin (
NH4
+FeBr4
- • S4N4, eine Einschlußverbindung von ungeladenem S4N4 in eine ionische Wirtsverbindung
Authors: Thewalt Ulf , Burger Maria , Mausser Regina , Holl Konrad 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
S4N4 reacts with NH4
+FeBr4
- in benzene to give the 1:1 inclusion compound NH4
+FeBr4
- • S4N4. The dark red crystals are monoclinic, space group Cc with Z = 4 and lattice constants a = 6.430(1), b = 17.644(4), c = 12.180(2) Å , and β = 90.77(3)°. An X-ray analysis shows that the geometry of the S4N4 group is almost identical to that of crystalline tetrasulfur tetranitride. The S4N4 molecule is surrounded by ionic neigbors in such a way that the S atoms form close contacts to Br atoms of the FeBr4
- anions and the N atoms are close to the NH4
+ cations.
Synthese und Kristallstruktur von Mo(NO)(N3)3terpy, einem Nitrosyl-azido-Komplex des Molybdäns mit siebenfacher Koordination
Authors: Beck Johannes , Strähle Joachim 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Mo(NO)(N3)3terpy was obtained in form of yellow platelets from Mo(CO)3terpy and (CH3)3SiN3 in nitroethane as solvent. It crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1̄ with the lattice parameters a = 817.3, b = 866.7, c = 1416.2 pm, a = 71.97°, β = 102.15°, γ = 107.34°. The unit cell contains two monomeric complexes in which the central Mo atom exhibits the coordination number seven in a slightly distorted pentagonal bipyramid. One azido group and the nitrosyl ligand are in axial positions. NO+ coordinates in a linear arrangement (Mo-N-O = 176.2°) and acts as a three electron donor completing the noble gas configuration for the molybdenum atom. A weak trans effect of the NO-ligand causes different Mo-N distances to the axial (Mo-N31 = 218.4 pm) and the equatorial (Mo-N11 = 211.3, Mo-N21 = 212.9 pm) azido groups.
Strukturchemische Untersuchungen an Scandium-Cobalt-Phosphiden mit einem Metall:Phosphor-Verhältnis von 2:1
Authors: Jeitschko Wolfgang , Reinbold Elke J. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Several new scandium cobalt phosphides were prepared by reaction of the elemental components in a tin flux. ScCoP has a TiNiSi-type structure with the orthorhombic lattice constants a = 6.268(2) Å , b = 3.750(1) Å , c = 7.050(3) Å. ScCo5P3 is isotypic with YCo5P3. Its orthorhombic lattice constants are: a = 11.691(5) Å , b = 3.583(1) Å , c = 10.206(3) Å. Sc2Co12P7crystallizes with the hexagonal Zr2Fe12P7 structure with a = 8.973(3) Å, c = 3.531(1) Å. Sc5Co19P12 is of a new type which is closely related to the structure of Hf2Co4P3. It has hexagonal symmetry, space group P6̄2m -D3h
3 and the lattice constants a - 12.124(7) Å , c = 3.633(2) Å , with Z = 1 formula unit per cell. The structure was determined and refined with isotropic thermal parameters from single-crystal counter data to a residual of R = 0.023 for 848 unique structure factors and 24 variable parameters. Considering the environments of the phosphorus atoms the structures are all closely related. There are, however, considerable differences in the coordination polyhedra of the metal atoms.
Die Kristallstrukturen von [(CH3)P(C6H5)3][C(NO2)3] und [(ICH2)P(C6H5)3][C(NO2)3]
Authors: Dieter Scherfise Klaus , Weller Frank , Dehnicke Kurt 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The title compounds and the trinitro methanide salts with PPh4
⊕ and N-methyl pyridinium cations are prepared from K[C(NO2)3] and the chlorides of the organic cations in aqueous solution. They form thermally stable, yellow crystalline solids. The IR spectra are reported. The crystal structures of [(CH3)P(C6H5)3][C(NO2)3] (2) and [(ICH2)P(C6H5)3][C(NO2)3] (3) are determined by the aid of X-ray methods.
Fluorboryl- und Fluorborandiyl-Cyclosilazane
Authors: Klingebiel Uwe , Skoda Lutz 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Hexamethylcyclotrisilazanes and their lithium salts react with F2BN(SiMe3)2 to give the corresponding mono-, bis-, and tris(fluoroboryl)cyclotrisilazanes. Di-fluoroboryl-substituted rings are obtained in the reaction of 1,3-bis(silyl)- and 1-boryl-cyclotrisilazanes with BF3-etherate. A compound consisting of two cyclodisilazanes connected by a (SiNBNSi)-bridge is formed in the reaction of lithiated bis(silyl)cyclotrisilazane with BF3-etherate. Ring coupling of two six membered rings occurs in the reaction of lithiated cyclotrisilazane with 1-difluoroboryl-cyclotrisilazane and in the reaction of lithiated bis(fluoroboryl)cyclotrisilazane with BF3-etherate in a molar ratio 2:1. Ring expansion takes place in the reaction of the lithium salt of a four membered SiN-ring with F2BN(SiMe3)2. Substitution occurs in the same reaction with F3SiN(SiMe3)2.
Reaktive E =C (p—p) π-Systeme, IV [1]: Retro-Dienspaltung von Diels-Alder-Addukten des Phosphaalkens F3CP=CF2
Authors: Binnewies Michael , Grobe Joseph , Van Duc Le 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Pyrolysis of the Diels-Alder adducts 2-4 yields F3CP = CF2 (1) and the corresponding dienes. For the thermal cleavage of 3 an alternative pathway in addition to the retro-diene reaction is observed, giving the new phosphetane F3 [xxx] and C4H4 dimers. The enthalpy of the cycloreversion reaction of 2 as well as estimated bond energies for the phosphorus-carbon σ- and π-bond have been determined from appearance potentials and thermochemical literature data. The products were characterized by mass and NMR spectra.
Über bicyclische Diacyloxy-pentafluoro-μ3-oxotriborane 2.2.6.10.10-Pentafluoro-4.8-dialkyl-1.3.5.7.9-pentaoxa-2.6.10-triborabicyclo(4.4.0)decadiene: Darstellung, Molekül- und Kristallstruktur
Authors: Binder Herbert , Matheis Walter , Heckmann Gernot , Deiseroth Hans-Jörg , Fu-Son Han 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Bicyclic acyloxyfluoroboranes 3 react with BF3 by an insertion reaction to form bicyclic diacyloxy- pentafluoro-μ3-oxotriboranes of the 2.2.6.10.10-pentafluoro-4.8-dialkyl-1.3.5.7.9-pentaoxa- 2.6.10-tribora-bicyclo(4.4.0)decadiene type 4. A X-ray crystal structure determination of 4b is reported. NM R data of 4b in the solid state and in solution are discussed.
15N- und 11B-NMR-Untersuchungen an 8-gliedrigen Bor-Stickstoff-Sauerstoff-Heterocyclen
Authors: Csuk René , Müller Norbert , Sterk Heinz 
Published: March 2015

Keywords
N-Alkyl-2-phenyl-1,3,6,2-perhydro-dioxazaborocines were investigated by means of 11B and 15N NMR spectroscopy. 11B and 15N NMR spectroscopy is proven to be a powerful tool for the estimation of hydrolytic stabilities of the title com pounds; good correlatations between the hydrolytic stability of the compounds and δ15N , resp. or δ11B as well as the size of the nitrogen substituent could be found.
Grignard Reaction of 2-Substituted-3-Cyanoquinolines
Authors: Neelima  , Bhat Balkrishen , Bhaduri A. P. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Grignard reactions of 2-morpholino and 2-methylthio-3-cyanoquinoline, 2-chloro-3-cyanoquinoline, 2-chloro-3-cyano-6-methoxyquinoline and 2-chloro-3-cyano-7-methylquinoline with alkyl or aryl magnesium halides have been studied. It was found that 2-morpholino and 2-methylthio- 3-cyanoquinolines gave 1,4-addition products followed by rapid aromatisation. 2-Chloro-3- cyanoquinoline with alkyl magnesium halides furnished 1,4-addition products but with aryl magnesium halides 1,4- and 1,2-addition products were obtained. The cyano group of 4-aryl-2-chloro- 3-cyano-1,4-dihydroquinolines was found to participate in the Grignard reaction to yield 1,2- addition products. 2-Chloro-3-cyano-6-m ethoxyquinoline with alkyl and phenyl magnesium halides yielded exclusively 1,4-addition products. Similarly with p-m ethoxyphenyl magnesium bromide, 1,4-addition products were isolated which participated in the Grignard reaction to yield the expected adducts. Unlike the other chloroquinoline derivatives, 2-chloro-3-cyano-7-methylquinoline with alkyl magnesium halide formed 1 ,2-addition products but with aryl magnesium halides, 1,4-addition products were isolated. The 4-alkyl-2-chloro-3-cyano-l,4-dihydroquinolines were unstable as compared to their 4-aryl analogs. A couple of the Grignard reaction products were found to be unstable on activated surface.
Synthese und Kristallstruktur des dreikernigen μ-Nitridokomplexes (PPh4)2[W3N2Cl14] · CCl4 · CH2Cl2/ Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the Trinuclear μ-Nitrido Complex (PPh4)2[W3N2Cl14] · CCl4 · CH2Cl2
Authors: Godemeyer Thomas , Dehnicke Kurt , Fenske Dieter 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The title compound results from a slow reaction between two m oles of PPh4[W2NCl10], dissolved in dichlorom ethane, upon addition of carbon tetrachloride. The red crystals are characterized by X-ray diffraction. (PPh4)2[W3N2Cl14] · CCl4 · CH2Cl2 crystallizes triclinically in the space group P1̄ with two formula units per unit cell. The cell dimensions at -100 °C are: a = 1430, b = 1462, c = 1655 pm , α = 74.6°, β = 79.0°, γ = 82.4° (10,908 independent, observed reflexions, R = 0.078). The structure consists of PPh4
⊕ ions, trinuclear finitrido anions [W3N2Cl14]2⊝ and enclosed molecules of CCl4 and CH2Cl2. The tungsten atom s of the anion are linked by almost linear nitrido bridges (~176°) with different WN bond lengths (mean values 184 pm and 207 pm ), corresponding to double and single bonds. The equatorial WCl4 groups are in eclipsed conformation; the two chlorine atoms in trans-position to the nitrido groups have mean bond lengths of 240 pm which is 9 pm longer than the equatorial W -Cl bonds. The IR spectrum is reported.
Darstellung und Schwingungsspektren von Thiotrichlorosilicat und -germanat. Die Kristallstruktur von NEt4[SiSCl3] · 0,5 CCl4/ Preparation and Synthesis of Thiotrichloro Silicate and Germanate. Crystal Structure of NEt4[SiSCl3] · 0.5 CCl4
Authors: Müller Ulrich , Krug Volker 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
NEt4[SiSCl3] · 0.5CCl4 was obtained from NEt4SH and SiCl4 in liquid H2S and subsequent crystallization from CH2Cl2/CCl4. The analogous reaction with GeCl4 was performed without solvent at room temperature. Raman and IR spectra are in accord with simple anionic species with C3v symmetry. The crystal structure of NEt4[SiSCl3] · 0.5 CCl4 was determined from X-ray diffraction data (849 independent observed reflexions, R - 0.030). Crystal data: tetragonal, space group P4̄c2 , Z = 4, a = 1196.0, c = 1200.7 pm. Both, cation and anion occupy positions on twofold rotation axes, with the consequence of positional disorder for the [SiSCl3]- ion by statistical superposition of the sulfur and one chlorine position. The general packing of cations and anions resembles the NaCl type, the CCl4 molecules occupying interstices. NEt4[GeSCl3] · 0.5 CCl4 is isotypic (a = 1204, c = 1201 pm); NEt4[GeSCl3] also crystallizes in the tetragonal system (a = 1048.4, c = 1274.4 pm).
Darstellung von m- und p-Phenylen-bis(dichlorstiban)/ Synthesis of m- and p-Phenylene-bis(dichlorostibane)
Authors: Stricker-Lennartz Rainer , Latscha H. P. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The reaction of antimony(III)-chloride with lithiumdiisopropylamide in the molar ratio 1:2 in ether gives monochloro-bis(diisopropylamino)stibane (4). m -Bromophenyl-bis(diisopropylamino)stibane (2a) is prepared by reaction of m-bromophenyllithium with 4. p-Bromophenylbis(diisopropylamino)stibane (2b) can be obtained by reaction of p-brom ophenyl-dichlorostibane with lithium-diisopropylamide, or from p-brom ophenyllithium and 4. The metal-halogen-exchange of 2a, b by butyllithium in ether gives m- or p-Lithium phenyl-bis(diisopropylamino)- stibane (3a, b), respectively. Without isolation of the lithiated com pound m-/p-phenylene-bis[bis- (diisopropylamino)stibane] (5a, b) are prepared by reaction o f 3a, b with 4. Esterification of 5a, b with C2H5OH (1:4) yields m-/p-phenylene-bis(diethoxystibane) (6a, b). The reaction of 6a, b with acetylchloride in chloroform gives m -/p-phenylene-bis(dichlorostibane) (7a, b).
The new compounds 2-7 are characterized by elemental analysis, NM R- and IR-spectra. 7a, b are also characterized by MS.
Sekundäre Aminophosphane – Synthese und Reaktivität/ Secondary Aminophosphanes – Synthesis and Reactivity
Authors: Niecke Edgar , Rüger Reinhold , Güth Werner 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Secondary diaminophosphanes 1c-e as well as alkylaminophosphanes 1g , h are available by the reaction of the corresponding chlorophosphanes with lithium-tetrahydridoaluminate. With triethylamine containing three equivalents of hydrogen fluoride, the aminophosphanes 1d , g are converted into the secondary fluorophosphanes 2a, b. While 1c -e are thermally quite stable, 1f -h and 2a, b decompose to give diphosphanes through elimination of amine and hydrogen fluoride.