bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Consensus Statements on Intraoperative Testing for Cochlear Implantation Surgery
Authors: Alzhrani Farid , Aljazeeri Isra , Abdelsamad Yassin , Alsanosi Abdulrahman , Kim Ana H. , Ramos-Macias Angel , Ramos-de-Miguel Angel , Kurz Anja , Lorens Artur , Gantz Bruce , Buchman Craig A. , Távora-Vieira Dayse , Sprinzl Georg , Mertens Griet , Saunders James E. , Kosaner Julie , Telmesani Laila M. , Lassaletta Luis , Bance Manohar , Yousef Medhat , Holcomb Meredith A. , Adunka Oliver , Thomasen Per Cayé- , Skarzynski Piotr H. , Rajeswaran Ranjith , Briggs Robert J. , Oh Seung-Ha , Plontke Stefan , O’Leary Stephen J. , Agrawal Sumit , Yamasoba Tatsuya , Lenarz Thomas , Wesarg Thomas , Kutz Walter , Connolly Patrick , Anderson Ilona , Hagr Abdulrahman 
Published: June 2024

Objectives:
A wide variety of intraoperative tests are available in cochlear implantation. However, no consensus exists on which tests constitute the minimum necessary battery. We assembled an international panel of clinical experts to develop, refine, and vote upon a set of core consensus statements.

Design:
A literature review was used to identify intraoperative tests currently used in the field and draft a set of provisional statements. For statement evaluation and refinement, we used a modified Delphi consensus panel structure. Multiple interactive rounds of voting, evaluation, and feedback were conducted to achieve convergence.

Results:
Twenty-nine provisional statements were included in the original draft. In the first voting round, consensus was reached on 15 statements. Of the 14 statements that did not reach consensus, 12 were revised based on feedback provided by the expert practitioners, and 2 were eliminated. In the second voting round, 10 of the 12 revised statements reached a consensus. The two statements which did not achieve consensus were further revised and subjected to a third voting round. However, both statements failed to achieve consensus in the third round. In addition, during the final revision, one more statement was decided to be deleted due to overlap with another modified statement.

Conclusions:
A final core set of 24 consensus statements was generated, covering wide areas of intraoperative testing during CI surgery. These statements may provide utility as evidence-based guidelines to improve quality and achieve uniformity of surgical practice.
Ligament Suspensionplasty With Suture Tape Augmentation​ for Basal Thumb Arthritis
Authors: Shen Victor , Kuruvilla Davis , Ladehoff Lauren , Talsania Alec , Talsania Jay 
Published: June 2024

Thumb carpometacarpal arthritis is common with aging, more common in women than men, and usually occurs after age 40. If a patient fails conservative treatments such as splinting, medications, and corticosteroid injections, then surgical intervention may be appropriate. Currently, there is no consensus on the best surgical treatment. By limiting metacarpal subsidence, ligament suspensionplasty with suture tape augmentation offers great pain relief, excellent functional outcomes, and limited postoperative immobilization. With this technique, trapeziectomy is first performed. A portion of the abductor pollicis longus tendon is resected and loaded onto the SwiveLock anchor using 4-0 FiberLoop, in addition to suture tape. The prepared graft and tape construct is anchored into the lateral first metacarpal (MC) base and index metacarpal base. After surgery, patients are put in a short arm thumb spica splint, interphalangeal (IP) joints free. Active motion is initiated at the first postoperative visit, usually within 1 week. All patients who had thumb arthritis treated with carpometacarpal suspensionplasty and suture tape augmentation between 2015 and 2022 by a single hand surgeon at our institution were queried. A total of 110 patients were invited to take part in this study, and 61 patients consented and were included in this study. Mean last in-office follow up was at 7.5±4.0 months, which showed significant improvements in pinch strength (P=0.011). A survey taken at a mean 2.8±1.3 years (range: 0.5 to 5.2 y) after surgery reports a postoperative DASH score of 7.3±7.7 (range: 0 to 23.3), and VAS pain score of 0.7±1.1 (range: 0 to 5).
Comparison of Weighting Methods to Understand Improved Outcomes Attributable to Public Health Nursing Interventions
Authors: Huling Jared D. , Austin Robin R. , Lu Sheng-Chieh , Mathiason Michelle A. , Pirsch Anna M. , Monsen Karen A. 
Published: June 2024

Background
The complex work of public health nurses (PHNs) specifically related to mental health assessment, intervention, and outcomes makes it difficult to quantify and evaluate the improvement in client outcomes attributable to their interventions.

Objectives
We examined heterogeneity across parents of infants served by PHNs receiving different interventions, compared the ability of traditional propensity scoring methods versus energy-balancing weight (EBW) techniques to adjust for the complex and stark differences in baseline characteristics among those receiving different interventions, and evaluated the causal effects of the quantity and variety of PHN interventions on client health and social outcomes.

Methods
This retrospective study of 4,109 clients used existing Omaha System data generated during the routine documentation of PHN home visit data. We estimated the effects of intervention by computing and comparing weighted averages of the outcomes within the different treatment groups using two weighting methods: (a) inverse probability of treatment (propensity score) weighting and (b) EBWs.

Results
Clients served by PHNs differed in baseline characteristics with clients with more signs/symptoms. Both weighting methods reduced heterogeneity in the sample. EBWs were more effective than inverse probability of treatment weighting in adjusting for multifaceted confounding and resulted in close balance of 105 baseline characteristics. Weighting the sample changed outcome patterns, especially when using EBWs. Clients who received more PHN interventions and a wider variety of them had improved knowledge, behavior, and status outcomes with no plateau over time, whereas the unweighted sample showed plateaus in outcomes over the course of home-visiting services.

Discussion
Causal analysis of PHN-generated data demonstrated PHN intervention effectiveness for clients with mental health signs/symptoms. EBWs are a promising tool for evaluating the true causal effect of PHN home-visiting interventions.
Physical Heart Failure Symptom Clusters Predictive of Delay in Seeking Treatment
Authors: Sethares Kristen A. , Jurgens Corrine Y. , Vieira Mary-Beth 
Published: June 2024

Background
Recent research has focused on the relationship between heart failure (HF) symptom clusters and outcomes, including mortality, hospitalization, functional status, and quality of life. No known studies to date have explored the role of physical HF symptom clusters and delays in seeking treatment.

Objectives
Describe physical symptom clusters in a population of HF patients and determine if a specific cluster is predictive of delay in seeking treatment for HF symptoms.

Method
We analyzed combined data from two studies (n = 406) collected during acute HF hospitalization. The Heart Failure Somatic Awareness Scale quantified physical HF symptoms. Delay, measured in days, was collected from the medical record and confirmed by interview. Hierarchical agglomerative clustering techniques determined physical HF symptom clusters. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was computed to explore predictors of delay.

Results
Participants were primarily White, male sex older adults. Three physical HF symptom clusters were identified: discordant, edema-related, and dyspnea-related symptoms. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed in Step 1 that age was a significant predictor of delay.

Discussion
Our findings provide valuable insight into the role of physical symptom clusters on delay in persons with HF. Through agglomerative hierarchical clustering techniques, we found three physical HF symptom clusters that were then used to determine differences in cluster membership by demographic and clinical variables. Significant age differences were noted by cluster membership with youngest older adults in a discordant symptom cluster.
Risk Controls Identified in Action Plans Following Serious Incident Investigations in Secondary Care: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Peerally Mohammad Farhad , Carr Susan , Waring Justin , Martin Graham , Dixon-Woods Mary 
Published: June 2024

Objectives
The impact of incident investigations in improving patient safety may be linked to the quality of risk controls recommended in investigation reports. We aimed to identify the range and apparent strength of risk controls generated from investigations into serious incidents, map them against contributory factors identified in investigation reports, and characterize the nature of the risk controls proposed.

Methods
We undertook a content analysis of 126 action plans of serious incident investigation reports from a multisite and multispeciality UK hospital over a 3-year period to identify the risk controls proposed. We coded each risk control against the contributory factor it aimed to address. Using a hierarchy of risk controls model, we assessed the strength of proposed risk controls. We used thematic analysis to characterize the nature of proposed risk controls.

Results
A substantial proportion (15%) of factors identified in investigation reports as contributing to serious incidents were not addressed by identifiable risk controls. Of the 822 proposed risk controls in action plans, most (74%) were assessed as weak, typically focusing on individualized interventions—even when the problems were organizational or systemic in character. The following 6 broad approaches to risk controls could be identified: improving individual or team performance; defining, standardizing, or reinforcing expected practice; improving the working environment; improving communication; process improvements; and disciplinary actions.

Conclusions
The identified shortfalls in the quality of risk controls following serious incident investigations—including a 15% mismatch between contributory factors and aligned risk controls and 74% of proposed risk controls centering on weaker interventions—represent significant gaps in translating incident investigations into meaningful systemic improvements. Advancing the quality of risk controls after serious incident investigations will require involvement of human factors specialists in their design, a theory-of-change approach, evaluation, and curation and sharing of learning, all supported by a common framework.
Design of PEG-based hydrogels as soft ionic conductors
Authors: Rodriguez-Rivera Gabriel J. , Xu Fei , Laude Madeline , Shah Vani , Nkansah Abbey , Bashe Derek , Lan Ziyang , Chwatko Malgorzata , Cosgriff-Hernandez Elizabeth 
Published: June 2024

AbstractConductive hydrogels have gained interest in biomedical applications and soft electronics. To tackle the challenge of ionic hydrogels falling short of desired mechanical properties in previous studies, our investigation aimed to understand the pivotal structural factors that impact the conductivity and mechanical behavior of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based hydrogels with ionic conductivity. Polyether urethane diacrylamide (PEUDAm), a functionalized long-chain macromer based on PEG, was used to synthesize hydrogels with ionic conductivity conferred by incorporating ions into the liquid phase of hydrogel. The impact of salt concentration, water content, temperature, and gel formation on both mechanical properties and conductivity was characterized to establish parameters for tuning hydrogel properties. To further expand the range of conductivity available in these ionic hydrogels, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) was incorporated as a single copolymer network or double network configuration. As expected, conductivity in these ionic gels was primarily driven by ion diffusivity and charge density, which was dependent on hydrogel network formation and swelling. Copolymer network structure had minimal effect on the conductivity which was primarily driven by counter-ion equilibrium; however, the mechanical properties and equilibrium swelling was strongly dependent on network structure. The structure-property relationships elucidated here enables the rationale design of this new double network hydrogel to achieve target properties for a broad range of applications.
Periodontopathogens interfere with the human renin-angiotensin system through surface-attached proteases
Authors: Waligórska Irena , Żak Krzysztof , Budziaszek Joanna , Bielecka Ewa , Kantyka Tomasz , Kozieł Joanna , Thøgersen Ida B. , Enghild Jan J. , Grudnik Przemysław , Potempa Jan , Książek Mirosław 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe renin-angiotensin system (RAS) executes its functions through biologically active peptides, angiotensins (Ang). Angiotensinogen-derived precursor, Ang I is cleaved by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) into proinflammatory Ang II, which increases blood pressure. In the alternate pathway performed by neprilysin and ACE II, Ang 1-7 is produced from Ang I with activities opposite to Ang II. Here, we show thatPorphyromonas gingivalis(Pg) andTannerella forsythia(Tf), endogenous oral pathogens, direct RAS into generation of Ang 1-7 through endopeptidases O, PgPepO and TfPepO, respectively. PepOs are thermophilic metalloproteases inhibited by cation chelators, but not by specific ACE and neprilysin inhibitors. PgPepO and TfPepO prefer large hydrophobic amino acids at the carbonyl side of scissile peptide bonds (P1’ position), and TfPepO, contrary to all known homologous proteases, hydrolyzes substrates away from both terminuses. Solved crystal structures show that exceptionally wide entrance to the catalytic cleft explains unique properties of TfPepO. Furthermore, the different nature of subsites S1’ and S2’ in the substrate binding site explains refractory of PepOs to inhibitors of human homologous proteases. Multiple immunoassays clearly show that PepOs are attached to the bacteria cell surface and are released in outer membrane vesicles. Moreover, PepO is responsible for Ang I hydrolysis byPgandTf. Finally, PepO deletion reduced only the virulence ofTfin theGalleria mellonellamodel. Thus, our data show thatPgandTfinterfere with RAS through a PepO protease.
Systematic Review of Hybrid Vision Transformer Architectures for Radiological Image Analysis
Authors: Kim Ji Woong , Urooj Khan Aisha , Banerjee Imon 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundVision Transformer (ViT) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) each possess distinct strengths in medical imaging: ViT excels in capturing long-range dependencies through self-attention, while CNNs are adept at extracting local features via spatial convolution filters. However, ViT may struggle with detailed local spatial information, critical for tasks like anomaly detection in medical imaging, while shallow CNNs may not effectively abstract global context.ObjectiveThis study aims to explore and evaluate hybrid architectures that integrate ViT and CNN to lever-age their complementary strengths for enhanced performance in medical vision tasks, such as segmentation, classification, and prediction.MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted on 28 articles published between 2020 and 2023. These articles proposed hybrid ViT-CNN architectures specifically for medical imaging tasks in radiology. The review focused on analyzing architectural variations, merging strategies between ViT and CNN, innovative applications of ViT, and efficiency metrics including parameters, inference time (GFlops), and performance benchmarks.ResultsThe review identified that integrating ViT and CNN can mitigate the limitations of each architecture, offering comprehensive solutions that combine global context understanding with precise local feature extraction. We benchmarked the articles based on architectural variations, merging strategies, innovative uses of ViT, and efficiency metrics (number of parameters, inference time(GFlops), performance).ConclusionBy synthesizing current literature, this review defines fundamental concepts of hybrid vision transformers and highlights emerging trends in the field. It provides a clear direction for future research aimed at optimizing the integration of ViT and CNN for effective utilization in medical imaging, contributing to advancements in diagnostic accuracy and image analysis.Summary StatementWe performed systematic review of hybrid vision transformer architecture using PRISMA guideline and perfromed through meta-analysis to benchmark the architectures.ACM Reference FormatJi Woong Kim, Aisha Urooj Khan, and Imon Banerjee. 2018. Systematic Review of Hybrid Vision Transformer Architectures for Radiological Image Analysis.J. ACM37, 4, Article 111 (August 2018), 16 pages. https://doi.org/XXXXXXX.XXXXXXX
Determinants of SARS-CoV-2 within-host evolutionary rates in persistently infected individuals
Authors: Ghafari Mahan , Kemp Steven A. , Hall Matthew , Clarke Joe , Ferretti Luca , Thomson Laura , Studley Ruth , Rourke Emma ,   COVID-19 Infection Survey Group,   The COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium, Walker Ann Sarah , Golubchik Tanya , Lythgoe Katrina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the within-host evolutionary dynamics of SARS-CoV-2, particularly in relation to variant emergence, is crucial for public health. From a community surveillance study, we identified 576 persistent infections, more common among males and those over 60. Our findings show significant variation in evolutionary rates among individuals, driven by nonsynonymous mutations. Longer-lasting infections accumulated mutations faster, with no link to demographics, vaccination status, virus lineage, or prior infection. The nonsynonymous rate was particularly high within the N-terminal and receptor binding domains ofSpike. ORF6was under strong purifying selection, making it a potential therapeutic target. We also identified 379 recurring mutations, with half having a negative fitness effect and very low prevalence at the between-host level, indicating some mutations are favoured during infection but disadvantageous for transmission. Our study highlights the highly heterogenous nature of within-host evolution of SARS-CoV-2 which may in turn help inform future intervention strategies.Abstract Figure
UniTox: Leveraging LLMs to Curate a Unified Dataset of Drug-Induced Toxicity from FDA Labels
Authors: Silberg Jake , Swanson Kyle , Simon Elana , Zhang Angela , Ghazizadeh Zaniar , Ogden Scott , Hamadeh Hisham , Zou James 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDrug-induced toxicity is one of the leading reasons new drugs fail clinical trials. Machine learning models that predict drug toxicity from molecular structure could help researchers prioritize less toxic drug candidates. However, current toxicity datasets are typically small and limited to a single organ system (e.g., cardio, renal, or liver). Creating these datasets often involved time-intensive expert curation by parsing drug label documents that can exceed 100 pages per drug. Here, we introduce UniTox1, a unified dataset of 2,418 FDA-approved drugs with drug-induced toxicity summaries and ratings created by using GPT-4o to process FDA drug labels. UniTox spans eight types of toxicity: cardiotoxicity, liver toxicity, renal toxicity, pulmonary toxicity, hematological toxicity, dermatological toxicity, ototoxicity, and infertility. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the largest such systematic humanin vivodatabase by number of drugs and toxicities, and the first covering nearly all FDA-approved medications for several of these toxicities. We recruited clinicians to validate a random sample of our GPT-4o annotated toxicities, and UniTox’s toxicity ratings concord with clinician labelers 87–96% of the time. Finally, we benchmark a graph neural network trained on UniTox to demonstrate the utility of this dataset for building molecular toxicity prediction models.
Linguistic inputs must be syntactically parsable to fully engage the language network
Authors: Kauf Carina , Kim Hee So , Lee Elizabeth J. , Jhingan Niharika , She Jingyuan Selena , Taliaferro Maya , Gibson Edward , Fedorenko Evelina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHuman language comprehension is remarkably robust to ill-formed inputs (e.g., word transpositions). This robustness has led some to argue that syntactic parsing is largely an illusion, and that incremental comprehension is more heuristic, shallow, and semantics-based than is often assumed. However, the available data are also consistent with the possibility that humans always perform rule-like symbolic parsing and simply deploy error correction mechanisms to reconstruct ill-formed inputs when needed. We put these hypotheses to a new stringent test by examining brain responses to a) stimuli that should pose a challenge for syntactic reconstruction but allow for complex meanings to be built within local contexts through associative/shallow processing (sentences presented in a backward word order), and b) grammatically well-formed but semantically implausible sentences that should impede semantics-based heuristic processing. Using a novel behavioral syntactic reconstruction paradigm, we demonstrate that backward- presented sentences indeed impede the recovery of grammatical structure during incremental comprehension. Critically, these backward-presented stimuli elicit a relatively low response in the language areas, as measured with fMRI. In contrast, semantically implausible but grammatically well-formed sentences elicit a response in the language areas similar in magnitude to naturalistic (plausible) sentences. In other words, the ability to build syntactic structures during incremental language processing is both necessary and sufficient to fully engage the language network. Taken together, these results provide strongest to date support for a generalized reliance of human language comprehension on syntactic parsing.Significance statementWhether language comprehension relies predominantly on structural (syntactic) cues or meaning- related (semantic) cues remains debated. We shed new light on this question by examining the language brain areas’ responses to stimuli where syntactic and semantic cues are pitted against each other, using fMRI. We find that the language areas respond weakly to stimuli that allow for local semantic composition but cannot be parsed syntactically—as confirmed in a novel behavioral paradigm—and they respond strongly to grammatical but semantically implausible sentences, like the famous ‘Colorless green ideas sleep furiously’ sentence. These findings challenge accounts of language processing that suggest that syntactic parsing can be foregone in favor of shallow semantic processing.