bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solution‐Processable Platinum‐Acetylide‐based Small Molecular Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Hongyu , Chen Ming , Jiang Bin , Tong Weiqi , Qian Qun , Lin Kunhua , Liu Feng 
Published: June 2015

AbstractTwo new solution‐processable A′‐D‐‐Pt(PEt3)2‐‐D‐A′ structured molecules, namely, CNPT and DRPT, were synthesized and characterized for photovoltaic applications. Their optoelectronic properties were investigated by UV‐vis absorption and cyclic voltammograms. Grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering and resonant soft X‐ray scattering studies revealed that the DIO additive could enhance the crystallization of CNPT and reduce the size of phase separation of CNPT:PC71BM blends, while the addition of DIO showed little influence on the crystallization and morphology of the DRPT:PC71BM blends. Processing with the DIO additive, CNPT:PC71BM based solar cells showed a best power conversion efficiency of 1.4%, with a Jsc of 4.14 mA·cm−2, a Voc of 0.75 V, and a fill factor of 45.4%.
Microwave and blanch‐assisted drying of white yam (Dioscorea rotundata)
Authors: Abano Ernest Ekow , Amoah Robert Sarpong 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe effect of microwave and blanch pretreatments on the drying kinetics and quality of white yam (Dioscorea rotundata) was investigated. Yam cubes destined for hot air drying at temperatures 70–90°C were predried in a domestic microwave or blanched in hot water for 1–5 min. Microwave pretreatment time had a positive significant effect on drying rate but both pretreatments had a negative influence on the ascorbic acid content and the nonenzymatic browning. The optimum drying conditions were a microwave pretreatment time of 5 min and a temperature of 70°C and a blanching time of 1 min at a temperature of 80°C. Among the models fitted, the Midilli et al. and the Page models gave the best fits for yam cubes predried with microwave and blanch, respectively. The effective moisture diffusivity for microwave‐assisted drying increased from 1.05 × 10−8 m2 s−1 to 2.00 × 10−8 m2 s−1 while the hot water blanched samples decreased from 1.53 × 10−8 to 8.81 × 10−9 m2 s−1 with time. The study demonstrates that microwave‐assisted drying could be used to enhance heat and mass transfer processes to produce better quality dried yam products.
Operative margin control with high‐resolution optical microendoscopy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Miles Brett A. , Patsias Alexis , Quang Timothy , Polydorides Alexandros D. , Richards‐Kortum Rebecca , Sikora Andrew G. 
Published: June 2015

Objectives/HypothesisHigh‐resolution microendoscopy (HRME) provides real‐time visualization of the mucosal surface in the upper aerodigestive tract. This technology allows noninvasive discrimination of benign and neoplastic epithelium and has potential applications for intraoperative margin detection.Study DesignSingle institution, prospective, feasibility trial (phase I) of in vivo optical imaging.MethodsThe study was conducted on patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. High‐resolution microendoscopy images obtained during surgery were correlated with histopathologic diagnosis to determine the ability of HRME to differentiate between benign and malignant mucosa. Blinded reviewers evaluated HRME images and made determinations of the status of the mucosa. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and interrater agreement between multiple raters were calculated to determine the accuracy of HRME imaging.ResultsThe mean accuracy of reviewers in differentiating neoplastic or benign mucosa was 95.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 94%–96 %). Sensitivity and specificity were 96% (95% CI, 94%–99 %) and 95% (95 % CI, 90%–99 %), respectively. The NPV was 98% (95% CI, 97%–99%), and PPV was 91% (95% CI, 85%–98%). The Fleiss kappa statistic for interrater reliability was 0.81, with a standard error of 0.014 and a 95% CI (0.78–0.84).ConclusionHigh‐resolution microendoscopy allows real‐time discrimination between benign and neoplastic mucosa. High levels of sensitivity and specificity can be obtained with this technology when interrogating mucosal surfaces. Despite several technical limitations, HRME shows promise as a technique for intraoperative margin control and platform for molecular imaging technologies.Level of Evidence3b. Laryngoscope, 125:2308–2316, 2015
Smiles over Frowns: When Curved Lines Influence Product Preference
Authors: Salgado‐Montejo Alejandro , Tapia Leon Isabell , Elliot Andrew J. , Salgado Carlos José , Spence Charles 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTThe present research examined the possibility that subtle face‐like features (a smile‐ or a frown‐like line) on a product can influence evaluations of and preferences for that product. The same within‐participants experiment was conducted twice, once in the United Kingdom and once in Colombia: participants viewed four variants (concave [smile‐like] line, convex [frown‐like] line, straight line, line absent) of three different products (tea, shampoo, juice) and both evaluated the products on visual analogue scales and completed a forced choice decision task. The results revealed a general tendency across scales, products, and countries for the participants to rate products more positively and to choose products more frequently when they displayed a concave line relative to a convex line; comparisons with the straight line and absent line conditions suggested that the effects were present for both concave and convex lines, but were stronger in the concave instance. These findings provide both a deeper theoretical understanding of the influence of subtle cues on evaluation and decision making, and concrete, practical information for both product designers and marketers.
Improving the effectiveness of short‐term courses for multidisciplinary health care professionals
Authors: Kapur Kavita , McAleer Sean , Persson Frederik , Bjerre‐Christensen Ulla 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe Practical Diabetology (PD) course for multidisciplinary health care professionals (HCPs) is directed at building a team‐based approach to diabetes care delivery. Participants were asked to apply course learning to identify deficiencies in care delivery in their own settings and develop action plans to improve care and continuing self‐development.The objective of the study was to evaluate the short‐ and mid‐term impact of seven PD courses held between March 2011 and March 2012. Three methods of assessment were carried out: an end of course evaluation; pre‐ and post‐tests to assess gain in knowledge and change in attitudes; and self‐assessment of action plan implementation at six months to determine level of behaviour change.In total, 327 multidisciplinary HCPs participated in the seven PD courses. End of course evaluation indicated that the PD course was valued by course participants in terms of relevance of the topics and learning experience. A significant gain in knowledge and positive changes in attitudes were seen immediately post course in both groups. Of the 160 action plans prepared by participating teams (consisting of at least two members each – one medical and one non‐medical HCP), 68 (42.5%) were implemented. At six months, continued positive change was demonstrated through self‐assessment of action plan implementation.PD courses were appreciated by the participants; significant gain in knowledge and positive change in selected attitudes were seen in the short term. Implementation of action plans helped enhance participants’ competency for teamwork, problem solving and self‐development skills. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons.
Change in interpersonal functioning during psychological interventions for borderline personality disorder—a systematic review of measures and efficacy
Authors: Sinnaeve Roland , van den Bosch Louisa M. C. , van Steenbergen‐Weijenburg Kirsten M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo provide a systematic review of measures of interpersonal functioning used in treatments for people diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and to report the effectiveness of treatments on these measures of interpersonal functioning.MethodLiterature was reviewed using the online databases and reference lists of previous systematic reviews. Selected studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined psychotherapeutic interventions for people with BPD and contained quantitative outcomes on various aspects of interpersonal functioning and reported their results in peer‐reviewed journals. Reliability and validity of the results were evaluated.ResultsNineteen RCTs met our inclusion criteria. We found 16 different (sub)scales that measured some aspect of interpersonal functioning. Only four instruments were used by more than one research team. There is some evidence that psychotherapeutic interventions have beneficial effects on some aspects of interpersonal functioning in people diagnosed with BPD, both after individual and group therapy. Generalizability of these findings is limited.ConclusionThere is preliminary evidence that psychotherapeutic interventions have beneficial effects on various aspects of interpersonal reactivity that characterize people diagnosed with BPD. However, none of these effects have a robust evidence base. There are serious concerns about the lack of agreed‐upon concepts and instruments. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of water in the emergence of the pre‐Columbian Native American City Cahokia
Authors: Baires Sarah E. 
Published: June 2015

Studies of the role of water in the emergence and maintenance of complex societies often span functional, political, and economic perspectives on water management with a particular focus on conservation and water storage. However, water is also symbolically important typifying urban environments like the Olmec site of San Lorenzo in Mexico, the Aztec city of Tenochtitlan, and Ancestral Puebloan sites in the North American Southwest. In fact, the symbolic and relational importance of water contributes to the location and emergence of some of the world's most prominent early cities and urban environments. In examining the role of water in the emergence of one of North America's largest pre‐Columbian cities, Cahokia (ca. AD 1050), it becomes apparent that early Native American people valued more than the functional properties of water, directly incorporating natural and man‐made water features into the city plan. Nestled into the naturally wet ridge and swale setting of the Mississippi River floodplain at the confluence of the Illinois, Missouri and Mississippi Rivers, water was a focal point of Cahokia's dynamic landscape impacting the location of earthen mounds, neighborhoods, causeways, and public plazas. Through an examination of the natural and built environments, I demonstrate the importance of water as symbolic and relational where Cahokians manipulated the natural environment to create a city that emerges out of a watery world. Understanding the relational and animate roles of water to the construction and maintenance of early urban environments can and does provide unique insight into ancient worldviews. WIREs Water 2015, 2:489–503. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1094This article is categorized under:

Engineering Water > Planning Water
Human Water > Water as Imagined and Represented
A modified surgical approach of the hip in children: Is it safe and reliable in patients with developmental hip dysplasia?
Authors: Iyetin Yusuf , Turkmen Ismail , Saglam Yavuz , Akcal Mehmet Akif , Unay Koray , Unsac Bahattin 
Published: June 2015

Purpose Treatment is easier and complications are less likely to occur if developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is diagnosed early. In this study, we examined the early results of open reduction using a medial approach which we had modified for DDH and analyzed the success of this technique and the associated complication rates, with a focus on avascular necrosis (AVN). Methods This is an Institutional Review Board-approved retrospective review of all patients diagnosed with DDH and treated with a modified medial approach at a single institution from July 1999 to December 2010. The patients’ charts were analyzed for clinical and radiographic features. Results Fifty-five hips of 41 patients, all of whom were treated by open reduction using a modified medial approach due to DDH, were evaluated retrospectively. The mean age of the patients at surgery was 19 (range 11–28) months, and the average follow-up was 5.5 (range 3–9.5) years. AVN was the most important complication in terms of radiological outcomes as assessed according to the Kalamchi–McEwen classification. Radiologic results were excellent or good in 51 hips (92.7 %) and fair–plus in four (7.3 %). Type 1 temporary AVN was detected in only two hips (3.6 %), and the lesions had disappeared completely in the final control graphs of these two patients. A secondary intervention was needed for two hips (3.6 %) of the same patients who were operated on due to bilateral DDH. No other complications, such as infection, re-dislocation, or subluxation, were seen in the operated patients. Conclusions We believe that treatment for DDH using a modified medial approach during early childhood is an effective and reliable method with low AVN rates. As shown here, this method achieves great success in radiological and clinical outcomes after a minimum 3-year follow-up.
Dance Britannia: The Impact of Global Shifts on Dance in Britain
Authors: Adair Christy , Burt Ramsay 
Published: June 2015

The music and dance of African Diasporan artists has impacted current dance practice in Britain, and their legacies are testament to the global circulation of artistic ideas. This paper discusses the British Dance and the African Diaspora research project which seeks to write Black British dance artists and their legacies back into history. It aims to understand the nexus of aesthetic, institutional, and conceptual problems that have rendered these dancers invisible.Since the 1970s, a number of black British-based dancers has been teaching and producing performance work in a variety of dance styles. It was influenced by the context of anti-colonialism and the struggle for independence, which has been the motivation for the post-war generation of Caribbean and Asian artists who migrated to Britain. These historical and cultural contexts form the basis for our argument for new approaches to frameworks for analysis of the work of black British dance artists.
Endorsing the Self: Embodied Improvisation in Prison Arts Programs
Authors: Genta Sarah 
Published: June 2015

Michel Foucault, in Discipline and Punish, outlines a historical shift from punishment as public spectacle to punishment as “the most hidden part of the penal process.” Examining the resultant changes, he recognizes the quieter, psychological control and bodily supervision that have replaced public torture in our system.I observe this control of incarcerated individuals and then correlate it with terms that Danielle Goldman uses to describe dance improvisation: continued confrontation with constraint(s). She advocates that the practice of freedom, through improvisation, is a “mode of making oneself ready for a range of ... situations,” and so is politically and socially powerful.Citing multiple prison arts programs, I conclude that embodied improvisation both theoretically and practically addresses forces of oppression and confinement within the prison system by offering moments of creative self-direction and non-hierarchal interaction. I render this unique application an ideal artistic and actionable response to the framework of captivity.
Critical voices against the Bologna Process in Turkey: Neo-liberal governance in higher education
Authors: Kaya Ayhan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis article analyzes critical voices raised against the Bologna Process by various stake-holders of higher education in Turkey, such as rectors, professors, international office staff, students, and civil society organizations. The data collected through in-depth interviews were analyzed using the discourse analysis method on the basis of the interlocutors’ reflections on the Bologna Process. It is claimed in the article that most universities in Turkey have attempted a process of internationalization and institutionalization, but that there have been several impediments during the implementation of the Bologna Process. Rising Euroskepticism in Turkey has also changed the process of Europeanization in the universities. It is revealed that the structural changes made in line with the Bologna Process are perceived by several different stake-holders as neo-liberal acts, and are presented as activities of internationalization, but not of Europeanization.
The Green Rings of Minimal Hopf Quivers
Authors: Huang Hua-Lin , Yang Yuping 
Published: June 2015

AbstractLet be a field and let Q be a minimal Hopf quiver, i.e. a cyclic quiver or the infinite linear quiver, and let repln(Q) denote the category of locally nilpotent finite-dimensional -representations of Q. The category repln(Q) has natural tensor structures induced from graded Hopf structures on the path coalgebra . Tensor categories of the form repln(Q) are an interesting class of tame hereditary pointed tensor categories that are not finite. The aim of this paper is to compute the Clebsch–Gordan formulae and Green rings of such tensor categories.
Retirement and memory in Europe
Authors: BIANCHINI LAURA , BORELLA MARGHERITA 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTWe investigate the effect of retirement on memory using the Survey on Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The availability of a panel data-set allows individual heterogeneity to be controlled for when estimating the effect of transitions into retirement on a commonly employed memory measure, word recall. We control for endogeneity of the retirement decision applying an instrumental variable technique to our fixed-effects transformation. Our main finding is that, conditional on the average non-linear memory age path of the typical individual, time spent in retirement has a positive effect on word recall.
The use of probiotics versus psyllium husk as a bowel preparation for prostate radiotherapy: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Hamilton Daniel G. , McKenzie Dean , Wasiak Jason , Fenton Paul 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIntroductionThe use of bowel preparation strategies to reduce the degree of rectal distension during prostate radiotherapy is well documented. This retrospective pilot study analysed and compared a probiotic agent against a psyllium-supplemented diet to establish the feasibility of probiotics as a bowel preparation for patients receiving radical radiotherapy for prostate cancer.MethodA retrospective chart review of five patients taking probiotics and five taking psyllium husk (psyllium) during their course of radiotherapy treatment was conducted. On treatment, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were compared with planning CTs to quantify inter-fractional variation in rectal volume and distension.ResultsForty-five CBCT scans were available in both the psyllium and probiotics groups for analysis. Variation in mean difference in rectal volume from planning (ΔRV), mean rectal cross-section area (CSA) and mean relative cross-section area (CSArel) was significantly increased for the probiotics group compared with the psyllium group (p=0·001, 0·008 and 0·007, respectively). No statistically significant differences in mean ΔRV, CSA and CSArel were detected between the two groups.ConclusionThis retrospective analysis suggests that a probiotics-based bowel preparation that utilises Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis may result in increased rectal volume and CSA variation throughout treatment in comparison with a psyllium-supplemented diet.
Older people with incurable cancer: Existential meaning-making from a life-span perspective
Authors: Kjørven Haug Sigrid Helene , Danbolt Lars J. , Kvigne Kari , DeMarinis Valerie 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTObjective:An increasing number of older people in Western countries are living with incurable cancer, receiving palliative care from specialized healthcare contexts. The aim of our article was to understand how they experience the existential meaning-making function in daily living from a life-span perspective.Method:Some 21 participants (12 men and 9 women), aged 70–88, were interviewed in a semistructured framework. They were recruited from somatic hospitals in southeastern Norway. We applied the model of selective optimization with compensation (SOC) from life-span developmental psychology in a deductive manner to explore the participants' life-oriented adaptive strategies. A meaning component was added to the SOC model.Results:The participants experienced the existential meaning-making function on two levels. On a superordinate level, it was an important component for interpreting and coordinating the adaptive strategies of SOC for reaching the most important goals in daily living. The existential meaning-making framework provided for a comprehensive understanding of resilience, allowing for both restoration and growth components to be identified. The second level was related to strategy, in that the existential meaning-making function was involved in a complex interaction with behavioral resources and resilience, leading to continuation of goals and more realistic goal adjustments. A few experienced existential meaning-making dysfunction.Significance of results:The modified SOC model was seen as applicable for palliative care in specialized healthcare contexts. Employing the existential meaning-making framework with its complementary understanding of resilience as growth potential to the SOC model's restoration potential can help older people to identify how they make meaning and how this influences their adaptation process to being incurably sick.
The effectiveness of caregiver social support is associated with cancer survivors' memories of stem cell transplantation: A linguistic analysis of survivor narratives
Authors: Rini Christine , Emmerling Dane , Austin Jane , Wu Lisa M. , Valdimarsdottir Heiddis , Redd William H. , Woodruff Rebecca , Warbet Rachel 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTObjective:People who undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are highly dependent on their caregiver during their lengthy treatment and recovery. The effectiveness of their caregiver's social support can profoundly affect their day-to-day treatment experiences and, in turn, how they recall those experiences and are affected by them long after the treatment ends.Method:Our participants were 182 men and women who had undergone a transplant within the previous 9 months to 3 years. They completed baseline measures (including a measure of caregiver social support effectiveness) and then completed three writing assignments describing their transplant experiences. Linguistic analyses were conducted to investigate their use of words indicating negative emotions, cognitive processing (insight and causation), and practical problems with money and insurance. Theory-based hypotheses predicted associations between specific functional types of caregiver support (emotional, informational, and instrumental) and these word categories.Results:As hypothesized, the effectiveness of different functional types of support from a caregiver were uniquely associated with theoretically relevant categories of word use. Structural equation models indicated that more effective caregiver emotional support predicted lower use of negative emotion words; more effective caregiver informational support predicted lower use of causation words; and more effective caregiver instrumental support predicted lower use of words related to money and insurance.Significance of results:Our findings provide insights to guide research on the mechanisms through which caregiver support influences patient outcomes after stem cell transplantation. For instance, research suggests that these kinds of effects could have implications for survivors' current self-concept, psychosocial functioning, and meaning-making.