bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Quantum Chemical Calculation of Benzamide Derivatives Containing Capsaicin and Their Bacteriostatic and Antifouling Properties
Authors: Wu Gang , Jiang Xiaohui , Yu Liangmin , Xia Shuwei , Yu Xiaolin 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThirteen benzamide derivatives containing capsaicin (BDCCs) have been successfully synthesized via the current method (Friedel‐Crafts alkylation reaction). The resultant monomers were characterized by IR, 1H and 13C NMR, elemental analysis and HRMS. Characterization results were in agreement with the proposed structures of the products. Quantum chemistry calculation yielded three parameters, namely, ΔεL‐H, HF values (total energy) and dipole that could explain activity, stability and polarity respectively, and the relationship of each parameter with antimicrobial and antifouling performance was also preliminary discussed. The bacteriostatic property of the 13 compounds was evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and bacteriostatic ring tests. Experimental results indicated that these compounds can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The antifouling effectiveness of the novel antifoulants was investigated using panel tests at the eighth harbor, Qingdao. Four‐month exposure results were compared. The compounds exhibited better antifouling properties than the blank panel without antifouling coating or the panel with a common coating. However, test panels with the antifouling coatings were covered with trace amounts of algae and Balanus because of weakening of antifouling ability over extended periods of time. All results demonstrate that the new compounds synthesized via our method can be applied in environment‐friendly antifouling paints.
5(4H)‐Oxazolones as Novel Antitubercular Agents: Synthesis, Characterisation and Structure Activity Study
Authors: Suhasini K. P. , Chintakindi Praveen K. , Chaguruswamy K. , Murthy Y. L. N. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn search of novel anti tubercular agents, a series of twelve 4‐(substituted benzylidene)‐2‐p‐tolyloxazol‐5(4H)‐ones (5a–5l) has been synthesized, characterised and subjected to evaluate their antitubercular activity for the first time against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC 27294). The out‐put of these studies disclosed that all the synthesized target molecules of the series displayed good to moderate activity with MIC values ranging 2–32 μg/mL in comparison with the standard first line antitubercular drugs Rifampicin and Isoniazid. Compound 5e with three methoxy groups meta to each other, is the most distinctive compound identified amongst the series, because of its remarkable in vitro antitubercular activity and thus may act as a promising lead molecule for further explorations.
Three‐Component Triple Organocascade Synthesis of Hexahydropyridazine Derivatives via a Sequential Michael/Amination/Cyclization Reaction
Authors: Chen Yan Ming , Chen Kwunmin 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe organocatalytic asymmetric synthesis of hexahydropyridazines were performed through a unique Michael/amination/cyclization reaction. The organocascade reaction proceeded smoothly between 2‐arylidene‐1,3‐indandiones and aldehydes followed by the addition of azodicarboxylates catalyzed by the privileged organocatalyst α,‐α‐L‐diphenylprolinol trimethylsilyl ether (10 mol%) in the presence of a base additive Et3N (20 mo%) at 0 °C. A series of substituted hexahydropyridazines were obtained in good to high chemical yields (55–78 %) and reasonable to high levels of stereoselectivities (51–93 % ee and 4 : 1 d.r.).
Exposure to Fentanyl After Transdermal Patch Administration for Cancer Pain Management
Authors: Bista Sudeep R. , Haywood Alison , Hardy Janet , Norris Ross , Hennig Stefanie 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis study aimed to describe exposure after fentanyl transdermal patch administration in patients with advanced cancer to quantify variability around the exposure. Patients (n = 56) with advanced cancer who received transdermal fentanyl (Durogesic®; median dose, 50 μg/h; range, 12–200 μg/h) provided venous blood samples (n = 163) at various times (0.5–72 hours) during several patch application intervals. Plasma fentanyl concentration was determined (median, 0.9 μg/L; range, 0.04–9.7 μg/L) by high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using nonlinear mixed‐effects modeling with NONMEM. A 1‐compartment distribution model with first‐order absorption and elimination described fentanyl exposure after transdermal patch administration. Fentanyl apparent clearance (between‐subject variability [BSV], %) was estimated at 122 L/h/70 kg and 38.5%, respectively. The absorption rate constant was 0.013 h−1. Between‐occasion variability on apparent clearance was 22.0%, which was lower than BSV, suggesting predictable exposure within the same patient and justifying therapeutic drug monitoring. Except for weight‐based dosing, no other patient characteristic could be identified to guide initial fentanyl dose selection in patients with advanced cancer.
The Psychology of Transference: Gender and Access to Training—the Mechanisms of Disadvantage
Authors: McIntosh Bryan , Prowse Julie , Archibong Uduak 
Published: September 2015

Within nursing, career breaks have an impact on women's career outcomes. However, the causal mechanisms that explain the transfer of women's relative reduced career outcomes remain unclear. This article examines the relationships between career breaks, part‐time working, and access to training/updating skills in determining nurses' career outcomes. We consider this to be a mechanism of transferring disadvantage both within and between genders within nursing.This qualitative research involved in‐depth interviews with 32 registered female nurses with and without children. They were employed in “acute” nursing and worked as registered Band 4 to “senior nurse managers” and were between 25 and 60 years old. They worked or had worked under a variety of employment conditions. Some, but not all, had taken career breaks or requested or attained postregistration training.We found that restricted access to training for part‐time nurses and limited opportunity to update their skills following a return from a career break are determining factors affecting the career outcomes of nurses. The findings suggest that it is related to rationing of training for those returning from career breaks, based on the availability of a supply of newly qualified nurses meeting the numerical demand, financial constraints, operational imperatives, and organizational values.
Properties of a novel polydatin‐β‐d‐glucosidase from Aspergillus nigerSK34.002 and its application in enzymatic preparation of resveratrol
Authors: Zhou Linfang , Li Shuhua , Zhang Tao , Mu Wanmeng , Jiang Bo 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDResveratrol and its glucoside polydatin are the main stilbenes in Polygonum cuspidatum. Resveratrol has become the subject of intensive research over the past two decades owing to its outstanding pharmacological properties. However, its lower concentration in plants compared to polydatin limits its application. In this study, the polydatin‐β‐d‐glucosidase (PBG) that hydrolyzes the β‐d‐glucosyl residue of polydatin with release of resveratrol was purified to homogeneity and characterized.RESULTSThe molecular weight of PBG was estimated to be 125 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and 128 kDa by size‐exclusion chromatography– multi‐angle laser light scattering/ultraviolet/refractive index. The optimal PBG activity was observed at 70 °C and pH 4.5. The enzyme showed around 50% stability at 60 °C for 12 h and residual activity was over 80% at pH 3.0–5.0. Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Ba2+, Ni2+, Co2+ and Cu2+ ions had no significant effect on the enzyme activity. The PBG presented higher affinity to polydatin (Km = 0.74 mmol L−1) than p‐nitrophenyl‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside (Km = 2.9 mmol L−1) and cellobiose (Km = 8.9 mmol L−1).CONCLUSIONWith this enzyme, nearly all polydatin in P. cuspidatum was converted to resveratrol. Although several β‐D‐glucosidases (BGLs) have been obtained from other sources, PBG is distinguished from other BGLs by its outstanding thermal stability and high catalytic efficiency. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
The Severity and Pattern of Autonomic Dysfunction in Idiopathic Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder
Authors: Lee Hyung , Cho Yong‐Won , Kim Hyun Ah 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundAutonomic dysfunction in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder patients has not yet been quantified. The aim of this study was to characterize dysautonomia in patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder using the Composite Autonomic Severity Score, which is a validated instrument for the quantitation of autonomic failure.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. A battery of standardized autonomic function tests was performed. Autonomic data obtained from the patients were compared to age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls.ResultsSeventeen patients were enrolled. All but 1 patient showed at least one autonomic deficit. These deficits were predominantly adrenergic and cardiovagal and involved relatively few sudomotor problems. The degree of autonomic dysfunction according to the Composite Autonomic Severity Score was mild to moderate in most patients.ConclusionsIdiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder is linked to mild‐to‐moderate autonomic dysfunction, which is predominantly adrenergic and cardiovagal. © 2015 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Stress urinary incontinence and endogenous sex steroids in postmenopausal women
Authors: Augoulea Areti , Sioutis Dimos , Rizos Demetrios , Panoulis Constantinos , Triantafyllou Nikolaos , Armeni Eleni , Deligeoroglou Efthymios , Chrelias Charalambos , Creatsa Maria , Liapis Angelos , Lambrinoudaki Irene 
Published: September 2015

AimsUrinary incontinence in general is a major cause of quality of life impairment, morbidity and hospitalization. Its onset is strongly linked to the menopause. Our study aimed to elucidate the possible relationship between endogenous circulating estrogens and the onset and development of stress urinary incontinence (SUI).MethodsOne hundred and thirty eight peri‐ and postmenopausal women with SUI were matched 1:1 with continent women based on age and BMI. Morning fasting blood samples were drawn from all subjects for assessment of estradiol (E2), FSH, LH, Testosterone, Δ4‐Androstendione (Δ4Α), DHEAS, prolactin, SBHG as well as a biochemical profile (glucose, insulin, triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, ApoA1, ApoB). Hormone and biochemical parameters were compared between continent and incontinent women.ResultsIncontinent women had significantly lower serum estradiol levels compared to those in the control group (17.30 ± 8.16 vs. 24.22 ± 8.99, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the same association was observed for serum Δ4Α (146.07 ± 52.63 vs. 159.99 ± 42.62, P = 0.017). These associations remained significant after controlling for age, menopausal age, BMI, and number of deliveries.ConclusionsThese results may indicate that within the postmenopausal range, endogenous sex hormones may be associated with the presence of SUI in women not on menopausal hormone therapy. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:121–125, 2017. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
1918 pandemic influenza virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae co‐infection results in activation of coagulation and widespread pulmonary thrombosis in mice and humans
Authors: Walters Kathie‐Anne , D'Agnillo Felice , Sheng Zong‐Mei , Kindrachuk Jason , Schwartzman Louis M , Kuestner Rolf E , Chertow Daniel S , Golding Basil T , Taubenberger Jeffery K , Kash John C 
Published: September 2015

AbstractTo study bacterial co‐infection following 1918 H1N1 influenza virus infection, mice were inoculated with the 1918 influenza virus, followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) 72 h later. Co‐infected mice exhibited markedly more severe disease, shortened survival time and more severe lung pathology, including widespread thrombi. Transcriptional profiling revealed activation of coagulation only in co‐infected mice, consistent with the extensive thrombogenesis observed. Immunohistochemistry showed extensive expression of tissue factor (F3) and prominent deposition of neutrophil elastase on endothelial and epithelial cells in co‐infected mice. Lung sections of SP‐positive 1918 autopsy cases showed extensive thrombi and prominent staining for F3 in alveolar macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, endothelial and epithelial cells, in contrast to co‐infection‐positive 2009 pandemic H1N1 autopsy cases. This study reveals that a distinctive feature of 1918 influenza virus and SP co‐infection in mice and humans is extensive expression of tissue factor and activation of the extrinsic coagulation pathway leading to widespread pulmonary thrombosis. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Borderline personality disorder and neuropsychological measures of executive function: A systematic review
Authors: McClure Georgia , Hawes David J. , Dadds Mark R. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe notion that neurocognitive deficits may be core to the development of borderline personality disorder (BPD) has received considerable attention in recent years, with growing evidence pointing to cognitive deficits in executive function (EF). A relationship between EF and BPD has long been suggested by evidence of high comorbidity between BPD and disorders characterized by poor EF (e.g. attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder); however, despite a marked increase in studies of EF and BPD in recent years, the precise nature of this relationship remains unclear. We provide a systematic review of this emerging evidence base, with respect to (1) studies of participants diagnosed with BPD in which EF has been indexed in isolation from broader cognitive processes; (2) the specific domains of EF that have been most robustly associated with BPD; and (3) whether deficits in EF are uniquely associated with BPD, independent of comorbid psychopathology. Key directions for future research are discussed with respect to strategies for measuring EF and the need for research designs that control for phenotypic overlap between BPD and related forms of psychopathology. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Association of chronic Candida albicans respiratory infection with a more severe lung disease in patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Gileles‐Hillel Alex , Shoseyov David , Polacheck Itzhack , Korem Maya , Kerem Eitan , Cohen‐Cymberknoh Malena 
Published: September 2015

SummaryBackgroundDespite the increase in fungal isolates, the significance of chronic Candida albicans airway colonization in CF is unclear.AimTo investigate the impact of C. albicans airway colonization on CF disease severity.MethodsLongitudinal analysis of clinical data from CF patients followed during 2003–2009 at our CF center. Patients were stratified based on their C. albicans colonization status – chronic, intermittent, and none.ResultsA total of 4,244 cultures were obtained from 91 patients (mean age 19.7 years, range 5–68). The three colonization groups were similar in age, gender,and body mass index (BMI). Compared to the non‐colonized group (n = 27, 30%), the chronic C. albicans colonization group (n = 34, 37%), had a significantly lower FEV1 percent predicted (74.3 ± 23.1% vs. 93.9% ± 22.2) with a higher annual rate of FEV1 decline (− 1.9 ± 4.2% vs. 0.7 ± 4.5%). The patients who were intermittently colonized with C. albicans had intermediate values.ConclusionsChronic respiratory colonization of C. albicans is associated with worsening of FEV1 in CF. Prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding and to corroborate whether indeed C. albicans drives a deleterious lung phenotype. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015; 50:1082–1089. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chemical analysis and biological properties of two different formulations of white portland cements
Authors: Ahmed Hany Mohamed Aly , Luddin Norhayati , Kannan Thirumulu Ponnuraj , Mokhtar Khairani Idah , Ahmad Azlina 
Published: September 2015

SummaryWhite Portland cement (WPC) has generated research interests in the field of endodontics. This study compared between the properties of two formulations of white Portland cement (WPC) of different origin (Malaysia [MA] and Egypt [EG]). WPCs with and without calcium chloride dihydrate were prepared. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray micro‐analysis, and X‐ray diffraction were used for surface morphology evaluation, elemental, and phase analysis, respectively. After the preparation of optimized serial dilutions, the cytotoxicity was evaluated on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLFs) and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) using methyl‐thiazol‐diphenyltetrazolium assay after 24 and 72 h. Cell attachment properties were examined under SEM after 24 and 72 h. Results showed that the surface morphology and chemical composition of both formulations demonstrated detectable variations. The cytotoxicity evaluation showed different cellular responses of HPLFs compared to DSPCs. Both formulations favored the viability of HPLFs. However, the fast set formulations demonstrated severe cytotoxicity on DPSCs. Significant differences between EGWPC and MAWPC were identified (p < 0.05). The cell attachment properties were favorable; however, HPLFs attached and spread over the samples better than DPSCs. In conclusion, WPC of different origin may show differences in chemical and biological properties. The addition of CaCl2·2H2O to WPC can affect its properties. Human cell types may react differently towards different formulations of WPCs. SCANNING 38:303–316, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of Masculine and Feminine Gender Roles in Iranian Patients with Gender Identity Disorder
Authors: Alavi Kaveh , Eftekhar Mehrdad , Jalali Nadoushan Amir Hossein 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

Introduction
Gender identity disorders (GID) are heterogeneous disorders that may be influenced by culture and social norms.

Aim
The aim of this study was to determine masculine and feminine gender roles in a group of Iranian patients with GID and compare these roles with two control groups.

Methods
Twelve male-to-female (MF) and 27 female-to-male (FM) individuals with GID referred to Tehran Psychiatric Institute in Tehran, I. R. Iran were evaluated by self-report inventories and were compared with two groups of healthy controls (81 men and 89 women). Diagnoses were established based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) criteria. Data analysis was done using analysis of variance and chi-squared test.

Main Outcome Measures
Masculine and feminine gender roles were assessed by two questionnaires: (i) Gender-Masculine (GM) and Gender-Feminine (GF) scales derived from the Minnesota Multiphasic Inventory-2 (MMPI-2); (ii) Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI).

Results
In the scales of masculinity, MF-GID individuals scored as male controls, but lower than female controls. FM-GID individuals scored similar to female controls and higher than male controls. In femininity scales, MF-GID individuals and control women seemed similar, and both scored higher than the other groups. FM-GID persons were considered less feminine than both controls in the GF scale of MMPI-2, but not in the BSRI. In both scales, FM-GID persons had higher scores than control women and MF-GID individuals.

Conclusion
Iranian FM-GID individuals were less feminine than normal men. However, MF-GID individuals were similar to normal women or more feminine. Cultural considerations remain to be investigated.
The Decline of Inpatient Penile Prosthesis over the 10-Year Period, 2000–2010
Authors: Alwaal Amjad , Harris Catherine R. , Hussein Ahmed A. , Sanford Thomas H. , McCulloch Charles E. , Shindel Alan W. , Breyer Benjamin N. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

Introduction
Across all specialties, economic pressure is driving increased utilization of outpatient surgery when feasible.

Aims
Our aims were to analyze national trends of penile prosthesis (PP) surgery and to examine patient and hospital characteristics, and perioperative complications in the inpatient setting.

Methods
We analyzed data from National Inpatient Sample. Patients in NIS who underwent PP insertion between 2000 and 2010 were included.

Main Outcome Measures
Our main outcomes were the number of inpatient PP procedures, type of prosthesis, patient demographics, comorbidities, hospital characteristics, and immediate perioperative complications.

Results
There was a progressive and dramatic decline by nearly half in the number of both inflatable (IPP) and noninflatable (NIPP) inpatient insertions performed from 2000 to 2010 (P = 0.0001). The overall rate of inpatient complications for PP insertion was 13.5%. Patients with three or more comorbidities were found to have a higher risk of complications than patients with no comorbidities (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.18–1.78) (P = 0.0001). Surgeries performed in high-volume hospitals (10 or more PP cases per year) were associated with reduced risk of complications (OR = 0.6) (P &lt; 0.0001). There was a dramatic decrease in inpatient setting for PP placement in high-volume hospitals (32% in 2000 compared with 6% in 2010; P &lt; 0.0001), and when compared with lower volume hospitals. NIPP was more likely performed in younger patients and in community hospitals, and less likely in white patients. Medicaid health insurance was associated with much higher rate of NIPP insertion than other types of insurance.

Conclusions
The number of PP procedures performed in the inpatient setting declined between 2000 and 2010, likely reflecting a shift toward increasing outpatient procedures. Our data also suggest a better outcome for patients having the procedure done at a high-volume center in terms of inpatient complications.
Dam it's good! DamID profiling of protein‐DNA interactions
Authors: Aughey Gabriel N. , Southall Tony D. 
Published: September 2015

The interaction of proteins with chromatin is fundamental for several essential cellular processes. During the development of an organism, genes must to be tightly regulated both temporally and spatially. This is achieved through the action of chromatin‐binding proteins such as transcription factors, histone modifiers, nucleosome remodelers, and lamins. Furthermore, protein–DNA interactions are important in the adult, where their perturbation can lead to disruption of homeostasis, metabolic dysregulation, and diseases such as cancer. Understanding the nature of these interactions is of paramount importance in almost all areas of molecular biological research. In recent years, DNA adenine methyltransferase identification (DamID) has emerged as one of the most comprehensive and versatile methods available for profiling protein–DNA interactions on a genomic scale. DamID has been used to map a variety of chromatin‐binding proteins in several model organisms and has the potential for continued adaptation and application in the field of genomic biology. WIREs Dev Biol 2016, 5:25–37. doi: 10.1002/wdev.205This article is categorized under:

Gene Expression and Transcriptional Hierarchies > Gene Networks and Genomics
Technologies > Analysis of Proteins
Technologies > Analysis of the Transcriptome