bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of cognitive therapy on internalised stigma in people with at-risk mental states
Authors: Morrison Anthony P. , Birchwood Max , Pyle Melissa , Flach Clare , Stewart Suzanne L. K. , Byrne Rory , Patterson Paul , Jones Peter B. , Fowler David , Gumley Andrew I. , French Paul 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundInternalised stigma in young people meeting criteria for at-risk mental states (ARMS) has been highlighted as an important issue, and it has been suggested that provision of cognitive therapy may increase such stigma.AimsTo investigate the effects of cognitive therapy on internalised stigma using a secondary analysis of data from the EDIE-2 trial.MethodParticipants meeting criteria for ARMS were recruited as part of a multisite randomised controlled trial of cognitive therapy for prevention and amelioration of psychosis. Participants were assessed at baseline and at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months using measures of psychotic experiences, symptoms and internalised stigma.ResultsNegative appraisals of experiences were significantly reduced in the group assigned to cognitive therapy (estimated difference at 12 months was −1.36 (95% Cl −2.69 to −0.02), P = 0.047). There was no difference in social acceptability of experiences (estimated difference at 12 months was 0.46, 95% Cl −0.05 to 0.98, P = 0.079).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that, rather than increasing internalised stigma, cognitive therapy decreases negative appraisals of unusual experiences in young people at risk of psychosis; as such, it is a non-stigmatising intervention for this population.
‘Without U, it’s just kulele’: Expressions of leisure and ‘ohana in an intergenerational
ukulele club
Authors: Kruse Nathan B. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The purpose of this intrinsic case study was to examine the musical and social underpinnings of the Dallas Ukulele Headquarters (DUH). Specifically, this research explored the impetus and evolution of DUH, the appeal of ukulele culture as expressed by club members and the members’ perceived sense of identity within a diverse community group. Data were collected over a seven-month period through participant observations, interviews with six participants, photography and e-mail correspondence. Findings revealed that DUH served as an inclusive and accepting family (‘ohana), which engendered a sense of nostalgia and therapeutic value of music among members. While the Internet most likely served as the conduit that allowed DUH to flourish, rehearsal venues were not always fulfilling due to growing membership in limited spaces. Future considerations for research include the potential in facilitating ‘ohana in community music settings, the therapeutic attributes of the ukulele and the longevity of the current ukulele renaissance.
Using narrative communication in a mass-produced youth magazine as an HIV prevention intervention
Authors: Etkin Esther 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
With young people at the epicentre of the HIV epidemic, we need to build upon and find ways of sustaining interventions that place youth at the centre of prevention. This article argues that narrative communication is one such strategy, provided it is part of a comprehensive HIV prevention plan. Narrative communication in the form of autobiographical and role model stories in loveLife’s youth magazine, UNCUT, provides an effective mechanism not only for disseminating young people’s experiences of the individual, social and cultural determinants driving the HIV epidemic in South Africa at scale, but also for young people to learn from their experiences through role modelling and identification so they can better negotiate these determinants in their own lives.
The media’s reporting of war crimes trials and its impact on post-conflict democracy in Sierra Leone and Liberia
Authors: Cole Bernadette , Silverman Jon 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The application of international humanitarian law (IHL) to conflicts in Africa has been the subject of some scholarly and much journalistic discourse about the ending of ‘impunity’ and an extension of the normative principles of transitional justice. The trials conducted by the Special Court for Sierra Leone (SCSL) were brought to audiences in both countries by a media that has had scant experience in grappling with such weighty jurisprudential concepts. A research project is examining attitudes towards the reporting of two of those trials. This article discusses preliminary findings from the research and argues that the media is performing a wider role in legitimizing post-conflict governance by providing a platform for civil society organizations.
Exhibition Histories and New Media Behaviours
Authors: Graham Beryl 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
How can a history of exhibitions inform curators on the challenges of exhibiting new media art? How can histories of exhibitions dealing with interaction and participation inform the curation of new media art involving these behaviours? Exhibitions of broadly conceptual or immaterial work such as Information (1970) and Les Immatériaux (1985) lead to an examination of exhibitions where participation is key, including Bodyspacemotionthings (1971 and 2009), Serious Games (1996), 010101 (2001), The Art of Participation (2008), and Current (2011). New media artworks including Talkaoke, www_hack, and Random Information Exchange help to establish critical categories for different kinds of participatory systems. For future critical art histories of participatory art exhibitions, I propose that an effective method would include a combination of documentary sources, such as installation images, audience data, and crowd-sourced documentation.
The radio as good object: An object relational perspective on the curative and protective factors of a BBC public service broadcast for young people
Authors: Balick Aaron 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Contemporary young people inhabit an environment that is saturated with a variety of new media platforms competing for their attention. While as a demographic they tend to listen to traditional radio broadcasting less and less, under certain conditions the traditional radio transmission can provide an oasis of consistent positive influence on the emotional well-being of its listeners. Drawing on personal experience as the mental health contributor to BBC Radio 1’s public service phone-in advice show The Surgery with Aled, the author reflects on the ways in which this programming may shed light on the curative and protective factors implicit in its broadcast. Using both personal reflective experiences alongside the application of object relations theory, the nature of this public service advice broadcast is critically examined for the unconscious psychodynamic components that underlie the more obvious conscious role the advice itself provides. It is proposed that traditional radio programmes that meet some basic criteria including regularity, authenticity and a ‘listener-centric’ approach can enable an ‘object constancy’, which ultimately creates the overall curative effect for its listeners.
The reparative spaces of radio
Authors: Bainbridge Caroline , Yates Candida 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
This introduction contextualizes the work included in this special edition in terms of the activities of the Media and the Inner World research network. Drawing on object relations psychoanalysis, it signals the importance of the reparative, emotional work of radio past and present. As we discuss, the emotional resonance of the medium holds a special significance for individuals, for whom radio listening often goes hand in hand with reflective experiences of selfhood and identity. The role of radio is also discussed in relation to our emotionalized experience of popular culture and the world at large and the shaping of shared identities and ‘imagined communities’. We argue that the social and political function of radio arguably hinges on the psychological power it has because of its status as an important internal object of the mind.
In-situ preparation of metal oxide thin films by inkjet printing acetates solutions
Authors: Fang Mei , Voit Wolfgang , Wu Yan , Belova Lyubov , Rao K.V. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTDirect printing of functional oxide thin films could provide a new route to low-cost, efficient and scalable fabrications of electronic devices. One challenge that remains open is to design the inks with long term stability for effective deposition of specific oxide materials of industrial importance. In this paper, we introduce a reliable method of producing stable inks for ‘in-situ’ deposition of oxide thin films by inkjet printing. The inks were prepared from metal-acetates solutions and printed on a variety of substrates. The acetate precursors were decomposed into oxide films during the subsequent calcination process to achieve the ‘in-situ’ deposition of the desired oxide films directly on the substrate. By this procedure we have obtained room temperature contamination free ferromagnetic spintronic materials like Fe doped MgO and ZnO films from their acetate(s) solutions. We find that the origin of magnetism in ZnO, MgO and their Fe-doped films to be intrinsic. For a 28 nm thick film of Fe-doped ZnO we observe an enhanced magnetic moment of 16.0 emu/cm3 while it is 5.5 emu/cm3 for the doped MgO film of single pass printed. The origin of magnetism is attributed to cat-ion vacancies. We have also fabricated highly transparent indium tin oxide films with a transparency >95% both in the visible and IR range which is rather unique compared to films grown by any other technique. The films have a nano-porous structure, an added bonus from inkjetting that makes such films advantageous for a broad range of applications.
Ecophysiological Factors on Phytic Acid Concentration in Soybean Seed
Authors: Li Haichao , Wang Xian , Ma Ying , Wen Zixiang , Li Jinying , Zhang Hui , Wu Yongkang , Lei Chenfang , Wang Shufeng , Wang Jinshe , Geng Zhen , Yang Caiyun , Li Weidong , Lu Weiguo 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTPhytic acid is the major form of P in crop seeds. To reveal the correlations between phytic acid concentration (PAC) in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed and ecophysiological factors, the soybean cultivar Yudou25 was planted at five locations of Henan, China, on 13 different sowing dates in 2009 and 2010. Results showed that six ecophysiological factors were highly correlated with PAC, including four soil nutrition factors (available K [AK], available P [AP], hydrolyzable N [HN], and S in soil) and two meteorological factors (diurnal temperature range at blooming and podding [DTRBP] and mean temperature at seed filling and maturity [MTFM]) from high to low in the contribution to the PAC difference. Phytic acid concentration was negatively correlated with AK and HN but positively correlated with AP and available S, DTRBP, and MTFM. These results have potentially wide applications for the production of lower PAC soybean seeds.
Within‐Seed Distribution of Selected Mineral Elements among Soybean Genotypes that Vary in Iron Efficiency
Authors: Wiersma John V. , Moraghan John T. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTGenotype, severity of iron (Fe) deficiency, and interactions of Fe with Zn or Mn are important factors related to production of soybeans (Glycine max. L.) grown on high‐pH, highly calcareous soils. We studied the within seed distribution (whole seed, seed coat, and embryo) of major and minor elements in 21 soybean genotypes (G)s characterized as susceptible (S), moderately resistant (MR), and resistant (R) to Fe deficiency based on planting seed [Fe]. Trials were grown at three locations (Loc) in northwest MN (Ada, Crookston, and Fisher) during 2003. Differences among Locs in within seed distribution of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations were generally quite small, although often statistically significant. Differences among genotypes involving macronutrient contents highlighted large differences among S, MR, and R genotypes. Zinc and Mn, but not Fe, concentrations varied markedly with location, whereas [Fe]s were considerably higher in genotypes categorized as more resistant to Fe deficiency. Seed size declined, whereas seed [Fe]s and contents increased as resistance to Fe deficiency increased. Seed coat [Fe]s were greater than embryo [Fe]s within each genotypic classification, whereas seed tissue [Fe]s were greater in R and MR genotypes than in S ones. As seed tissue Fe increased, Mn decreased, and their sum remained nearly constant. Planting seed [Fe] and published visual chlorosis scores were quite similar in their association with measures of resistance.
Performance of Wheat/Maize Intercropping is a Function of Belowground Interspecies Interactions
Authors: Mu Yanpin , Chai Qiang , Yu Aizhong , Yang Caihong , Qi Wanhai , Feng Fuxue , Kong Xuefu 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTIntercropping is shown to have yield advantages over sole cropping, but it is unknown how much yield increase is due to belowground interspecies interactions. This study determined land equivalent ratio (LER) and water use efficiency (WUE) of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)/maize (Zea mays L.) intercropping and quantified the magnitude of yield increases due to belowground interspecies interactions. Field experiments, conducted at Wuwei (37°96′N, 102°64′E) in 2008 to 2010, included sole wheat (W), sole maize (M), wheat/maize intercropping with no root‐barrier (W/M), with a plastic sheet barrier (PW/M), or with a nylon mesh barrier (NW/M), vertically placed to one meter deep between the intercrops. Wheat/maize intercropping increased grain yields by 46% in 2008, 26% in 2009, and 64% in 2010, and improved WUE by 49, 30, and 20% in the respective years, compared with the corresponding sole cropping. The LER values ranged from 1.24 to 1.60 for W/M, suggesting that the grain yield of intercropping per hectare is equivalent to the yield that sole wheat or sole maize would produce on 1.24 and 1.60 ha. The W/M system had total yield of 10.6, 11.1, and 16.9 t ha−1 in 2008, 2009, and 2010, respectively; they were 20, 14, and 15% greater compared with the PW/M system; belowground interspecies interactions contributed 32% of the increased yield in 2008, 29% in 2009, and 40% in 2010. With the large, positive belowground interspecies interactions, wheat/maize intercropping is shown to be a promising farming practice for improving crop productivity and WUE in arid irrigation areas.
Transient Seed Bank of Camelina Contributes to a Low Weedy Propensity in Western Canadian Cropping Systems
Authors: Walsh Kimberly D. , Raatz Lisa L. , Topinka Keith C. , Hall Linda M. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTCamelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz.] is an oilseed currently being developed for production of industrial bioproducts. To determine whether camelina is persistent or weedy in agricultural areas experiments were conducted in 2008 through 2011. A three‐part study quantified camelina seed loss at the time of harvest, persistence of seed in the soil, and density and persistence of volunteer populations in subsequent crops. In this small‐seeded crop, seed losses at harvest ranged from 1202 to 43,430 viable seeds m−2 (12.0 to 434.3 kg ha−1). Viable seed persisted less than 15 mo at all depths, sites, and years. Seeds persisted longer on the soil surface while seed buried at 3 and 10 cm depleted more rapidly. The days to 50% seed extinction (EX50) ranged from 25 d for all burial depths at one site in 2009 to 66 d for surface seeds in 2008. Eleven commercial fields planted to camelina in 2009 were surveyed for the presence and persistence of volunteer populations throughout the 2010 and 2011 growing seasons. Initial surveys showed variable densities (9 to 4839 plants m−2); however, populations sharply declined over time and were nearly extinct after 2 yr under conventional production practices. While camelina has high fecundity and large seed losses at harvest, it has limited seed bank persistence and is unlikely to become a weed of agricultural areas.
Cement-Implant Interface Contamination: Possible Reason of Inferior Clinical Outcomes for Rough Surface Cemented Stems
Authors: Wang Tian , Pelletier Matthew H , Bertollo Nicky , Crosky Alan , Walsh William R 
Published: July 2013

Background:Shape-closed cemented implants rely on a stronger bond and have displayed inferior clinical outcomes when compared to force-closed designs. Implant contamination such as saline, bone marrow and blood prior to cement application has the potential to affect the cement-implant bond. The consequences of implant contamination were investigated in this study.Methods:Fifty Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) dowels were separated into ten groups based on surface roughness and contaminant, and then cemented in polyvinyl chloride tubes. Push-out testing was performed at 1mm per minute. The roughness of the dowel surface was measured before and after the testing. The dowel surface and cement mantel were analyzed using a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to determine the distribution and characteristics of any debris and contaminants on the surface.Results:Contaminants largely decreased stem-cement interfacial shear strength, especially for rough surfaces. Saline produced the greatest decrease, followed by blood. The effect of bone marrow was less pronounced and similar to that of oil. Increasing surface roughness increased the interfacial bonding strength, even with contaminants. There was a non-significant increase in mean bonding strength for smooth surfaces with bone marrow and oil contamination. SEM showed that contaminants influence the interfacial bond by different mechanisms. More debris was found on rough samples following testing.Conclusions:The results of this study underscore the importance of keeping an implant free from contamination, and suggest if contamination does occur, a saline rinse may further decrease the stability of an implant. The deleterious effects of contamination on rough surface cement bonding were considerable, and indicate that contamination at the time of surgery may, in part, contribute to inferior clinical outcomes for rough surfaced cemented stems.
Disc Height and Sagittal Alignment in Operated and Non-Operated Levels in the Lumbar Spine at Long-Term Follow-Up: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Froholdt Anne , Brox Jens Ivar , Reikerås Olav , Leivseth Gunnar 
Published: July 2013

Purpose:
To compare lumbar disc degeneration at 9-year follow-up in patients with chronic low back pain who had instrumented lumbar fusion or no fusion.

Material and methodology:
The main outcomes were disc height and sagittal alignment measured by Distortion Compensated Roentgen Analysis (DCRA). Secondary outcome included the Oswestry Disability Index and VAS back pain.

Results:
Forty-eight patients with baseline and 9-year radiographs from L2- S1 were included. Twenty-three had lumbar fusion and 25 had no fusion. Disc height was reduced at all levels independent of fusion. No difference in disc height and sagittal alignment was observed between patients fused and not fused. There were weak correlations, ranging from 0.04 to 0.36, between clinical and radiological parameters.

Conclusion:
Lumbar disc degeneration increased at all measured levels independent of fusion and correlated poorly with clinical outcome.
Treatment Failure Among Infected Periprosthetic Patients at a Highly Specialized Revision TKA Referral Practice
Authors: Schwarzkopf Ran , Oh Daniel , Wright Elizabeth , Estok Daniel M , Katz Jeffery N 
Published: July 2013

Deep infection is a serious and costly complication of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which can increase patient morbidity and compromise functional outcome and satisfaction. Two-stage revision with an interval of parental antibiotics has been shown to be the most successful treatment in eradicating deep infection following TKA.We report a large series by a single surgeon with a highly specialized revision TKA referral practice.We identified 84 patients treated by a two-stage revision. We defined “successful two-stage revision” as negative intraoperative cultures and no further infection-related procedure. We defined “eradication of infection” on the basis of negative cultures and clinical diagnosis.After a mean follow up of 25 months, eradication of the infection was documented in 90.5% of the patients; some had undergone further surgical intervention after the index two-stage procedure. Successful two-stage revision (e.g. no I&D, fusion, amputation) was documented only in 63.5% of the patients. We also observed a trend between presence of resistant staphylococcus (MRSA) (p=0.05) as well as pre-revision surgical procedures (p=0.08) and a lower likelihood of successfully two-stage revision.Factors affecting the high failure rate included multiple surgeries prior to the two-stage revision done at our institution, and high prevalence of MRSA present among failed cases.The relatively high rate of failure to achieve a successful two-stage revision observed in our series may be attributed to the highly specialized referral practice. Thus increasing the prevalence of patients with previous failed attempts at infection eradication and delayed care as well as more fragile and immune compromised hosts.
Long-Term Complications and Mortality in Young-Onset Diabetes
Authors: Constantino Maria I. , Molyneaux Lynda , Limacher-Gisler Franziska , Al-Saeed Abdulghani , Luo Connie , Wu Ted , Twigg Stephen M. , Yue Dennis K. , Wong Jencia 
Published: July 2013

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate long-term clinical outcomes and survival in young-onset type 2 diabetes (T2DM) compared with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) with a similar age of onset.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Records from the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Diabetes Clinical Database, established in 1986, were matched with the Australian National Death Index to establish mortality outcomes for all subjects until June 2011. Clinical and mortality outcomes in 354 patients with T2DM, age of onset between 15 and 30 years (T2DM15–30), were compared with T1DM in several ways but primarily with 470 patients with T1DM with a similar age of onset (T1DM15–30) to minimize the confounding effect of age on outcome.

RESULTS
For a median observation period of 21.4 (interquartile range 14–30.7) and 23.4 (15.7–32.4) years for the T2DM and T1DM cohorts, respectively, 71 of 824 patients (8.6%) died. A significant mortality excess was noted in T2DM15–30 (11 vs. 6.8%, P = 0.03), with an increased hazard for death (hazard ratio 2.0 [95% CI 1.2–3.2], P = 0.003). Death for T2DM15–30 occurred after a significantly shorter disease duration (26.9 [18.1–36.0] vs. 36.5 [24.4–45.4] years, P = 0.01) and at a relatively young age. There were more cardiovascular deaths in T2DM15–30 (50 vs. 30%, P &lt; 0.05). Despite equivalent glycemic control and shorter disease duration, the prevalence of albuminuria and less favorable cardiovascular risk factors were greater in the T2DM15–30 cohort, even soon after diabetes onset. Neuropathy scores and macrovascular complications were also increased in T2DM15–30 (P &lt; 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS
Young-onset T2DM is the more lethal phenotype of diabetes and is associated with a greater mortality, more diabetes complications, and unfavorable cardiovascular disease risk factors when compared with T1DM.