bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managing Rebound Effect of Electric Vehicle Batteries: Exploring Potential Reuse Scenarios along with Estimating Cost-Benefit Analysis
Authors: Iqbal Bilawal , Abbas Shahbaz , Sadeq Abdellatif 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The sustainable transition of automotive sector to electric vehicles (EV) is conducive for carbon neutrality. However, the prospective increase in the production of EV batteries will bring a significant anthropogenic challenge as a rebound effect after the first end of life (EOL). Therefore, it is imperative to explore the potential options of waste management of EV stripped parts after their EOL from the EV perspective, such as lithium ion batteries (LIB). Pakistan being a developing country vulnerable to climate change and ranked as the 5th most populated country in the world is susceptible to EV batteries waste. This study uncovered possible reuse options for EV batteries in Pakistan after their first EOL and extended the scope of this study to inspect the economic feasibility of reuse using cost-benefit analysis (CBA). The results reveal that the second life of EV batteries can be considered as a substitute for new batteries in photovoltaic (PV) residential storage systems, electric bikes, and reefer containers. The net present value (NPV) analysis at a discount rate of 15% suggests that the substitution of EV batteries is economically feasible in all three case studies. However, 12% of IRR in the electric bikes and payback period of reefer containers is not encouraging, as cost sensitivities are involved. The implications of the study may benefit other developing and populated countries in the sustainable management of EV batteries.
piRNAs and circRNAs acting as diagnostic biomarkers in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Xu Yin , Liu Huiling , Zhang Yingzhi , Luo Jing , Li Haomin , Lai Caiyong , Heng Baoli 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective:The discovery of diverse functions and mechanisms in cancer has underscored the significance of emerging non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), within the clinical context of cancer. Understanding their role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is imperative and necessitates comprehensive investigation. This study aims to further explore the diagnostic potential of piRNAs and circRNAs for ccRCC.
Methods:The dysregulated piRNAs and circRNAs in ccRCC were identified using small RNA (sRNA) high-throughput sequencing technology, while their expression in clinical samples was assessed by RT-qPCR. A paired t-test was performed to compare the expression levels of piRNAs and circRNAs between ccRCC and adjacent tissues. Additionally, ROC curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic specificity, sensitivity, and area under the curve (AUC) of piRNAs and circRNAs.
Results:High-throughput sequencing revealed a significant downregulation of 17 piRNAs and 694 circRNAs in ccRCC tissues, accompanied by a significant upregulation of 5 piRNAs and 490 circRNAs. RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated markedly lower expression levels of piR-has-150997, 133872, 132556, 154502, and uniq-84737 in the ccRCC group compared to the adjacent tissue group (p < 0.05). When considering the combined detection of piR-hsa-150997,piR-hsa-133872,
piR-hsa-132556,piR-hsa-154502,uniq_84737,circABCC1,circNETO2_006,and circARID1B_037,
the diagnostic AUC for ccRCC was found to be high at an approximate value of AUC=0.878.
Conclusions:The diagnostic performance of piR-has-150997, 133872, 132556, 154502, uniq-84737, circABCC1, circNETO2_006, and circARID1B_037 demonstrates promise for ccRCC. A model incorporating piR-hsa-150997, uniq_84737, circABCC1, circNETO2_006, and circARID1B_037 could serve as an ideal diagnostic marker system with significant clinical utility.
MGATAF: Multi-channel Graph AttentionNetwork with Adaptive Fusion forCancer-Drug Response Prediction
Authors: Saeed Dhekra , Xing Huanlai , AlBadani Barakat , Feng Li , Al-Sabri Raeed , Oloulade Babatounde Moctard , Rehman Amir 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Drug response prediction is critical in personalized medicine, aiming todetermine the most effective and safe treatments for individual patients.Traditional prediction methods relying on demographic and genetic dataoften fall short in accuracy and robustness. Recent graph-based models,while promising, frequently neglect the critical role of atomic interactionsand fail to integrate drug fingerprints with SMILES for comprehensivemolecular graph construction. We introduces MGATAF (MultimodalMulti-channel Graph Attention Network and Adaptive Fusion), a frame-work designed to enhance drug response predictions by capturing bothlocal and global interactions among graph nodes. MGATAF improvesdrug representation by integrating SMILES and fingerprints, resulting inmore precise predictions of drug effects. The methodology involves con-structing multimodal molecular graphs, employing multi-channel graph attention networks to capture diverse interactions, and using adap-tive fusion to integrate these interactions at multiple abstraction levels.Empirical results demonstrate MGATAF’s superior performance com-pared to traditional and other graph-based techniques. For example,on the GDSC dataset, MGATAF achieved a 5.12% improvement in thePearson correlation coefficient (PCC), reaching 0.9312 with an RMSE of0.0225.Similary, in new cell-line tests, MGATAF outperformed baselineswith a PCC of 0.8536 and an RMSE of 0.0321 on the GDSC dataset,and a PCC of 0.7364 with an RMSE of 0.0531 on the CCLE dataset
Systematic Reconstruction Design of the LingTai Water-powered Celestial Globe in Ancient China
Authors: Shi Kan , Wang Jun , Zhang Qiang , wang Zongjia , Wang Zhiwei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The Lingtai(灵台) water-powered celestial globe is a hydraulic astronomical instrument invented by Guo Shoujing in the Yuan Dynasty, which can demonstrate the motion of the heavenly bodies automatically and approximately correctly Due to its long history, the Lingtai(灵台) water-powered celestial globe has been lost and is only briefly recorded in ancient texts. This thesis is based on Yan's(颜氏) ancient mechanical restoration design method,and analyzes the topological structure of Lingtai(灵台) water-powered celestial globe, and summarize the topological structure characteristics, design specifications, and design requirements and limitations. This thesis proposes a new representation of joints and rods to represent the structure of the Lingtai(灵台) water-powered celestial globe, avoiding the complication of the problem caused by the excessive number of rods. According to the creative design steps of Yan's(颜氏) mechanism, the possible rods and kinematic subsets of each part are analyzed, and the feasible generalized chain diagram is obtained by number synthesis, then the feasible specialized chain diagram is obtained by specialization procedure, and then the joints and rods are assigned to obtain the feasible specialized chain diagram with specified characteristics, and finally all feasible design diagrams are obtained. Combined with the design mapping of Lingtai(灵台) water-powered celestial globe, the overall structure of Lingtai(灵台) water-powered celestial globe, Completed solid modeling and prototyping, and finally proved through experiments that the Lingtai(灵台) water-powered celestial globe can meet the design objectives.
A dip-and-read impedimetric electrochemical sensor for orthophosphate monitoring
Authors: Moreira Geisianny , Shaw Alex B. , Amin Nafisa , Gao Wei , McLamore Eric 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for all life forms and a finite resource. P cycle plays a vital role in regulating primary productivity, making it a limiting nutrient for agricultural production and increasing the development of fertilizers through extractive mining. However, excessive P may cause detrimental environmental effects on aquatic and agricultural ecosystems. As a result, there is a pressing need for conservation and management of P loads through analytical techniques to measure P and precisely determine P speciation. Here, we explore a new 2D sorbent structure (GO-PDDA) for sensing orthophosphate in aqueous samples. The sorbent mimics a group of phosphate-binding proteins in nature and is expected to bind orthophosphate in solution. Laser-induced graphene (LIG) was coated with GO-PDDA using a drop-cast method. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used as a transduction technique for electrochemical sensing of orthophosphate (HPO42−) and selectivity assay for chloride, sulfate and nitrate in buffer at pH 8. The analytical sensitivity was estimated to be 347 ± 90.2 Ω/ppm with a limit of detection of 0.32 ± 0.04 ppm. Selectivity assays demonstrate that LIG-GO-PDDA is 95% more selective for ortho-P over sulfate and 80% more selective over chloride and nitrate. The developed sensor can be reused after surface regeneration with an acidic buffer (pH 5), with slight changes in sensor performance. Our results show that the sorbent structure is a promising candidate for developing electrochemical sensors for environmental monitoring of orthophosphate and may provide reliable data to support sustainable P management.
The mechanism of Gancao Xiexin decoction in the treatment of Behçet’s disease based on GEO differential analysis and network pharmacology
Authors: Zhang Xin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background To analyze the main components and possible mechanisms of Gancao Xiexin decoction in the treatment of Behçet’s disease (BD) using network pharmacology combined with GEO database.Methods The GSE and GPL files of Behçet’s disease were downloaded from the GEO database, and the differential genes were analyzed R software to obtain potential disease targets. The TCMSP database was used to search for compounds in Glycyrrhiza radix, Pinellia pinellia, Scutellaria radix, Rhizoma coptidis, dried ginger, jujube and ginseng in Gancao xiexin decoction. The oral bioavailability (OB) ≥ 30% and drug-like properties (DL) ≥ 0.18 were used as the criteria to screen the active components and find their corresponding targets. The intersection of drug target genes and disease differential genes was taken, and the "drug-compound - target" regulatory network and protein-protein interaction network were constructed by Cytoscape3.8.0 software, and the core targets were screened by topological analysis. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed using R software.Results A total of 3769 differential genes were obtained, including 201 active components of Gancao Xiexin decoction, corresponding to 1916 target genes. There were 46 proteins in the PPI core network, which were mainly involved in NTRK1, EGFR, CUL3, APP, TP53, MCM2, XPO1, ESR1, FN1, etc. GO enrichment analysis showed that 825 pathways were obtained from biological process, 19 pathways were obtained from cellular components, and 41 pathways were obtained from molecular function. They were mainly enriched in biological processes such as response to metal ion, response to oxidative stress and response to radiation. A total of 149 were identified by KEGG pathway analysis. It mainly involves Human cytomegalovirus infection, Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection, and Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection, Lipid and atherosclerosis, Chemical carcinogenesis − reactive oxygen species, etc.Conclusion Gancao Xiexin decoction has the characteristics of multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway in the treatment of Behçet’s disease. It plays a role in regulating the body's immune and inflammatory response by acting on the targets of MAPK1, MAPK3, AKT1, CHUK and other targets, which lays the foundation for deeper exploration of the therapeutic mechanism.
Investigating the validity and reliability of the functional movement screening tool in tennis as a predictor of injury
Authors: Kazemi Sam , Alizadeh Mohammad Hossein , Daneshmandi Hassan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Recently, researchers use functional movement tests and especially the functional movement screen (FMS) as a screening tool to prevent injuries in sports. However, limited studies are available to strongly support the validity and reliability of the FMS in different sports populations. Therefore, the FMS does not seem to be a comprehensive functional movement screening tool in order to investigate asymmetry and limitations in all sports. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to design and evaluate the validity and reliability of the screening tool for functional movements in tennis as a predictor of injury.
Methods
To determine validity and reliability, the results obtained from semi-structured and in-depth interviews with 18 tennis experts were used, which led to the selection of 27 tests out of 108 initial tests. Face validity was evaluated by 10 tennis players, content validity by 10 experts in this field, and construct validity of the questionnaire by 234 tennis players. The reliability of tool was estimated by test-retest method at a time interval of 2 weeks on samples consisting of 20 tennis players using the internal correlation index (ICC).
Results
Based on the results obtained from the calculation of the content validity ratio, 21 out of 27 tests had a content validity ratio higher than 0.62 and the rest of the tests were excluded. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) extracted two latent factors that explained 54.05% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the final construct model. The reliability of the tool was estimated: 95% CI: 0.53–0.92, p = 0.001, ICC = 0.91.
Conclusion
The functional movement screening tool designed for tennis had acceptable validity and reliability with the aim of investigating asymmetry and limitations in this sport. Factor analysis showed that considering the correct features of psychometrics, this tool can be used as a predictor of injury in tennis.
Unique territorial and compartmental organization of chromosomes in the holocentric silkmoth
Authors: Drinnenberg Ines , Gil Jose , Navarette Emily , Rosin Leah , Chowdhury Neil , Abraham Sameer , Cornilleau Gaetan , Lei Elissa , Mozziconacci Julien , Mirny Leonid , Muller Heloise 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The hallmarks of chromosome organization in multicellular eukaryotes are chromosome territories (CT), chromatin compartments, and insulated domains, including topologically associated domains (TADs). Yet, most of these elements of chromosome organization are derived from analyses of a limited set of model organisms, while large eukaryotic groups, including insects, remain mostly unexplored. Here we combine Hi-C, biophysical modeling, and microscopy to characterize the 3D genome architecture of the silkmoth, Bombyx mori. In contrast to other eukaryotes, B. mori chromosomes form highly separated territories. Similar to other eukaryotes, B. mori chromosomes segregate into active A and inactive B compartments, yet unlike in vertebrate systems, contacts between euchromatic A regions appear to be a strong driver of compartmentalization. Remarkably, we also identify a third compartment, called secluded “S,” with a unique contact pattern. Each S region shows prominent short-range self-contacts and is remarkably devoid of contacts with the rest of the chromosome, including other S regions. Compartment S hosts a unique combination of genetic and epigenetic features, localizes towards the periphery of CTs, and shows developmental plasticity. Biophysical modeling reveals that the formation of such secluded domains requires highly localized loop extrusion within them, along with a low level of extrusion in A and B. Our Hi-C data supports predicted genome-wide and localized extrusion. Such a broad, non-uniform distribution of extruders has not been seen in other organisms. Overall, our analyses support loop extrusion in insects and highlight the evolutionary plasticity of 3D genome organization, driven by a new combination of known processes.
Global ammonia emission could be halved with cost-effective measures
Authors: Gu Baojing , Zhang Xiumming , Sun Yi , Gao Yujing , Wang Chen , Liang Xia , Lam Shu Kee , Zhang Shaohui , Winiwarter Wilfried , Grinsven Hans van , Sutton Mark , Chen Deli 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Ammonia (NH3) emissions pose significant threats to ecosystems and human health globally, yet a comprehensive assessment of mitigation strategies' costs and benefits remains elusive. Here, we employ a multi-model framework to evaluate 32 mitigation measures across seven sectors in 185 countries. Our analysis reveals that implementing these measures, particularly in agriculture, could reduce global NH3 emissions by 49%. The estimated implementation cost of $279 billion is substantially outweighed by projected environmental, health, and resource benefits of $568 billion. China and India emerge as countries with the highest potential net societal benefits from NH3 mitigation. Future scenario analysis demonstrates a potential 55% decrease in NH3 emissions by 2050 under a sustainability pathway, contrasting with up to 19% increases under scenarios with low climate and nitrogen policy ambitions. These findings underscore the urgent need for international action and national policies to establish effective NH3 mitigation targets and pathways.
Fundoplication for Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Indications, Techniques, and Outcomes
Authors: Al-Refaie Maimona Abdulmageed , Alsurmi Mohammed Mohammed , Obadiel Yasser Abdurabo , Alsharafy Khaled Mohammed , Jowah Haitham Mohammed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the indications, techniques, and outcomes of fundoplication in pediatric patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) at a tertiary hospital in Yemen.
Patients and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at Al-Thawra Modern General Hospital, Sana’a, Yemen, between January 2015 and January 2022. The study included 45 pediatric patients under 18 years who underwent fundoplication for GERD. Data on demographic and clinical characteristics, surgical type, postoperative complications, and follow-up outcomes were collected and analyzed..
Results: The median age of the 45 pediatric patients was 2 years (range: 2 months to 10 years), with 56% males and 44% females. The primary indications for fundoplication included GERD with hiatal hernia (44.4%), persistent symptoms despite medical management (20%), recurrent chest infections associated with neurological disorders (15.6%), esophageal stricture (17.8%), and both hiatal hernia and esophageal stricture (2.2%). Nissen fundoplication was performed in 80% of patients, while Thal fundoplication was performed in 20%. Complete symptom resolution was achieved in 68.89% of patients. Dysphagia due to postoperative esophageal stricture was the most common complication, affecting 29% of patients. A structured dilatation protocol resulted in 30.8% improvement after a single session, 46.2% after regular sessions, and 23.1% after irregular sessions. The mortality rate was 5.56%, with two deaths occurring in patients with cerebral palsy due to recurrent chest infections unrelated to GERD recurrence or esophageal stricture.
Conclusion: Fundoplication is a safe and effective surgical treatment for pediatric GERD, with a high success rate and manageable complication rate. A structured postoperative dilatation protocol is essential for managing esophageal strictures and improving outcomes. Early diagnosis and intervention, along with adherence to postoperative protocols, are crucial for optimal results. Further research with larger sample sizes and long-term follow-up is recommended to confirm these findings and improve clinical practice.
Effect of water treatment processes on microbial contamination in drinking water in rural areas of the urban periphery
Authors: Zhang Lan , Zhao Can , Cao Shenghua , Ye Bixiong 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Water treatment infrastructure facilities play an important role in ensuring drinking water safety. A survey of the drinking water treatment process was conducted in the urban peripheral areas of Beijing, China, and the impact of the main water treatment infrastructure facilities on microbial contamination was investigated. Sedimentation equipment, filtration facilities, and disinfection equipment were all significantly correlated with the concentration of heterotrophic plate counts in drinking water. The filtration facilities and disinfection equipment were also positively correlated with the concentrations of total coliform and Escherichia coli. The removal of microorganisms by different water disinfection methods gradually decreased in the order of ozone, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and ultraviolet light. The effects of microbial contamination removal of different water pumping methods were as follows: direct water supply &gt; pressure tank &gt; secondary pressing pump station &gt; water tower &gt; high-level water tank, and the removal effects were 7.6, 7.4, 4.1, 3.6, and 1.7 times that of the self-flowing water supply. This study provides scientific support for the renovation and upgrading of microbial pollution reduction in drinking water in rural areas of the urban periphery.
Future impacts of river flow on hydropower generation in Great Britain
Authors: Golgojan Ana-Diana , White Christopher J. , Bertram Douglas 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Climate change is likely to alter Great Britain's water resource availability for hydropower generation. This affects hydropower production due to uncertainty around the timing and magnitude of water availability, particularly run of river (RoR) schemes that lack the storage capacity to buffer seasonal flow variability. This study examines the likely future changes on RoR potential at locations across GB using the enhanced future flows (eFLaG) dataset. Results show that annual river flows are projected to increase in winter and spring but reduce in summer and autumn. This has an impact on RoR potential with a projected decrease in the near (2030–2059) and far future (2050–2079) for both summer (−19%, −32%) and autumn (−11%, −19%) throughout GB. Therefore, results indicate a decrease in the annual RoR potential in GB. This study underscores the importance of incorporating climate change considerations in the planning and operation of RoR schemes to ensure sustainable energy generation. This could be achieved by upgrading existing turbines to handle higher flows or designing new turbines capable of accommodating larger discharges to fully utilise the increased flows during winter. However, this should be done with consideration of the technical limitations and the opportunities for optimisations for system generation.
Analysis on the ‘Jul.20’ extreme rainstorm and flood control countermeasures in Zhengzhou, China
Authors: Zhou Ke 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

The Jul.20 extreme rainstorm (July 20, 2021) and flood disaster were the most serious urban flood disaster in Zhengzhou, the capital city of Henan Province, China. The Jul. 20 extreme rainstorm had both extreme and unpredictable features, during which both single-day and 3-day cumulative rainfall exceeded the historical records. First, the theoretical analysis methods are proposed, which include rainstorm anomaly analysis and the construction of a rainstorm frequency calculation model. Second, the characteristics of rainstorm frequency and recurrence, spatial and temporal distribution, and formation mechanism are analyzed. Third, urban flood disasters and waterlogging distribution are studied. The studied results show that the coupling actions of typhoons, topography, and urban rain island effect are the natural causes that result in extreme rainstorm weather processes. The results also show from the investigations that poor urban drainage infrastructure, low flood control criteria, shortage of flood emergency plans, and management are human factors. Finally, the paper puts forward flood control countermeasures.