bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Un outil de GTEC : la mise en place d'une charte de l'emploi saisonnier dans le secteur du végétal spécialisé. Le cas des rosiéristes du Douessin
Authors: Fauvy Stéphane , Arnaud Nicolas 
Published: January 2013

Résumé Cet article s’intéresse au développement et à la mise en place d’une charte de l’emploi saisonnier au sein du secteur du végétal spécialisé. Cette charte constitue aux yeux des acteurs impliqués dans ce projet un outil emprunt d’une philosophie gestionnaire à n’en pas douter « bienveillante et durable », visant à diffuser auprès des entreprises du secteur ayant massivement recours à de l’emploi saisonnier, de bonnes pratiques en matière de gestion des ressources humaines. L’enquête menée par les auteurs a permis de mettre en évidence un décalage entre les intentions de l’outil et les problématiques plus profondes rencontrées par les rosiéristes du Douessin, premiers producteurs de roses en France.
Expérience corporelle et sens du mouvement : matérialisation via l'actimétrie du « contexte altéré par l'action » dans l'évolution du joueur de badminton
Authors: Dieu Olivier 
Published: January 2013

Résumé Cette étude a pour objet de matérialiser l’expérience corporelle « in situ », sans recours à la conscience, via l’étude de la direction de jeu dans l’activité badminton. L’originalité de l’approche est d’utiliser l’actimétrie (cet outil mesure les accélérations sur les trois plans de l’espace : vertical, antéro-postérieur et médio latéral) comme indicateur de corps mobilisé afin de mettre en perspective le sens en termes d’étapes conatives (mobiles d’action) avec un sens ergonomique ou « sens du mouvement ». Le cadre conceptuel de cette recherche repose sur une hypothèse ergo-conative fondée sur une approche à la fois contextuelle (le contexte d’activité n’est pas un « déjà là », il est dynamique et résulte d’une codétermination acteur-contexte) et incorporée de l’action (le sens de l’action est davantage lié aux mobiles qu’aux motifs). Nous montrons qu’en fonction des étapes conatives du joueur de badminton, le sens qualitatif ou direction du mouvement change. Ce changement du sens en action, l’expérience corporelle « perçue » n’en rend que partiellement compte. L’objectivation de celui-ci via l’actimétrie nous semble riche pour des applications pédagogiques qui respectent le sens de la mobilisation du sujet.
S'entraîner à une virtuosité du sentir. Le cas des activités physiques et artistiques
Authors: Dumont Agathe 
Published: January 2013

Résumé Cette étude porte sur douze interprètes issus de pratiques artistiques corporelles différentes (danse contemporaine, danse classique, acrobatie aérienne, acrobatie au sol et breakdance ). Son but est d’identifier les comportements de danseurs-acrobates, qualifiés de virtuoses ou qui se désignent comme tels, à l’entraînement en observant leur processus de travail, dans le quotidien de la pratique d’une activité physique et artistique et dans le cadre d’un projet esthétique. Leur pratique quotidienne est soumise à un fort engagement athlétique, alors que les études physiologiques menées sur les danseurs démontrent que leur condition physique est souvent en deçà des exigences de leur discipline. Sur la base de méthodes d’enquête ethnographique, d’observation participante, de pratique incorporée immersive et d’entretiens avec des danseurs, cette étude redéfinit l’expérience de la virtuosité au sein de la pratique d’entraînement du danseur. Pour les interprètes interrogés, deux catégories de virtuosité se dessinent : l’une « monodisciplinaire » qui s’évalue dans le rapport à la norme et à la technique (excellence classique, circassienne, sportive), l’autre « transdisciplinaire » posant la question d’un entraînement spécifique par rapport à un projet artistique, lié à l’expérience et au ressenti de l’interprète.
L'appropriation du judo : d'une « voie de la souplesse » à l'efficience incarnée
Authors: Hilpron Michaël 
Published: January 2013

Résumé À partir d’une recherche sur le judo de compétition, cet article propose une analyse du principe d’efficience substantiel à la notion de techniques de conscience du corps, abréviée en TeCC (Chenault, Hamard, & Hilpron, 2012). Les données présentées sont issues d’une étude ethnologique comparative de cinq ans menée sur plusieurs terrains, dont le Pôle France Orléans judo, l’US Orléans judo et l’université Tenri (Japon) qui sont évoqués dans ce texte. En retraçant mon entrée sur le terrain japonais, la première partie explicite la place que tiennent les sensations dans la démarche de recherche d’inspiration ethnographique et dans le judo. Ces indications méthodologiques permettent de comprendre le rôle primordial de la culture matérielle dans la construction des judokas en ce qu’elle modèle les corps et permet l’échange sensori-moteur. L’influence fondamentale de l’environnement sur la pratique justifie l’adoption d’une posture écologique qui interroge le sens, l’essence et les sens du judo : émerge alors une voie de l’efficience invitant au passage des techniques du corps aux TeCC. Ce cheminement théorique et empirique relève d’une recherche de performance via le bien-être de l’athlète qui, étendue à d’autres activités, révèle l’intérêt d’une pratique efficiente car adaptée.
Reliability and Validity of Shortened State Trait Anxiety Inventory in Spanish Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Perpiñá-Galvañ Juana , Cabañero-Martínez María José , Richart-Martínez Miguel 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundIn order to measure anxiety in physically and cognitively debilitated patients, such as patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation, the use of reliable and valid instruments is recommended; however, these instruments should be short.ObjectiveTo analyze the reliability and validity of a short version of the state subscale from the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, developed by Chlan and colleagues and translated into Spanish (STAI-E6), in patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation.MethodsAn instrumental study was conducted of 80 patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit at the Hospital of Alicante (Spain). The patients completed the 6-item STAI-E6 scale. Before the patients completed the scale, the interviewers indicated their impression of each patient's level of anxiety by using a linear scale. Internal consistency, construct validity, and convergent validity of the scale were analyzed.ResultsThe scale did not present a floor/ceiling effect, the Cronbach α was 0.79, and the single-factor structure of the original scale was maintained. Scores on the scale correlated positively with the subjective assessment of the health professional. Significant differences were found only between anxiety level and duration of intubation.ConclusionsThe 6-item version of the state subscale from the STAI-E6 shows satisfactory reliability and validity for Spanish patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation.
Heat Shock Protein 90 Is Critical for Regulation of Phenotype and Functional Activity of Human T Lymphocytes and NK Cells
Authors: Bae Jooeun , Munshi Aditya , Li Cheng , Samur Mehmet , Prabhala Rao , Mitsiades Constantine , Anderson Kenneth C. , Munshi Nikhil C. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
The 90-kDa heat shock protein (Hsp90) has become an important therapeutic target with ongoing evaluation in a number of malignancies. Although Hsp90 inhibitors have a high therapeutic index with limited effects on normal cells, they have been described to inhibit dendritic cell function. However, its effect on human immune effector cells may have significant clinical implications, but remains unexplored. In this study, we have evaluated the effects of Hsp90 inhibition on human T lymphocyte and NK cells, including their Ag expression, activation, proliferation, and functional activities. These studies demonstrate that Hsp90 inhibition irreversibly downregulates cell surface expression of critical Ags (CD3, CD4, CD8), the costimulatory molecule (CD28, CD40L), and αβ receptors on T lymphocytes, as well as activating receptors (CD2, CD11a, CD94, NKp30, NKp44, NKp46, KARp50.3) on NK cells. Hsp90 inhibition significantly reduced CD4 protein expression on T lymphocytes at both the cell surface and intracellular level, which was shown to be associated with aberrant regulation of Src-kinase p56Lck. Downregulation of the Ags triggered by Hsp90 inhibition on CD3+ T lymphocytes, both in CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets, was associated with a disruption in their cellular activation, proliferation, and/or IFN-γ production, when the inhibition occurred either in activated or inactivated cells. In addition, downregulation of key activating receptors on NK cells following Hsp90 inhibition resulted in decreased cytotoxicity against tumor cells. Therefore, these observations demonstrate the need to closely monitor immune function in patients being treated with a Hsp90 inhibitor and may provide a potential therapeutic application in autoimmune diseases.
Intrinsic Role of FoxO3a in the Development of CD8+ T Cell Memory
Authors: Tzelepis Fanny , Joseph Julie , Haddad Elias K. , MacLean Susanne , Dudani Renu , Agenes Fabien , Peng Stanford L. , Sekaly Rafick-Pierre , Sad Subash 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
CD8+ T cells undergo rapid expansion during infection with intracellular pathogens, which is followed by swift and massive culling of primed CD8+ T cells. The mechanisms that govern the massive contraction and maintenance of primed CD8+ T cells are not clear. We show in this study that the transcription factor, FoxO3a, does not influence Ag presentation and the consequent expansion of CD8+ T cell response during Listeria monocytogenes infection, but plays a key role in the maintenance of memory CD8+ T cells. The effector function of primed CD8+ T cells as revealed by cytokine secretion and CD107a degranulation was not influenced by inactivation of FoxO3a. Interestingly, FoxO3a-deficient CD8+ T cells displayed reduced expression of proapoptotic molecules BIM and PUMA during the various phases of response, and underwent reduced apoptosis in comparison with wild-type cells. A higher number of memory precursor effector cells and memory subsets was detectable in FoxO3a-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice. Furthermore, FoxO3a-deficient memory CD8+ T cells upon transfer into normal or RAG1-deficient mice displayed enhanced survival. These results suggest that FoxO3a acts in a cell-intrinsic manner to regulate the survival of primed CD8+ T cells.
Lamprey Variable Lymphocyte Receptors Mediate Complement-Dependent Cytotoxicity
Authors: Wu Fenfang , Chen Liyong , Liu Xin , Wang Huaying , Su Peng , Han Yinglun , Feng Bo , Qiao Xu , Zhao Jing , Ma Ning , Liu Huijie , Zheng Zhen , Li Qingwei 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
An alternative adaptive-immune system is present in the most basal vertebrates—lampreys and hagfish—the only surviving jawless vertebrates. These eel-like fish use leucine-rich repeat–based receptors for Ag recognition instead of the Ig-based receptors used in jawed vertebrates. We report that in Japanese lamprey (Lampetra japonica), variable lymphocyte receptor (VLR)B interacts with C1q and C3 proteins to mediate complement-dependent cytotoxicity for bacteria and tumor cells. The immune-based lysis involves deposition of VLRB and C1q-like protein complex on the surface of target cells, activation of C3, and ultimate disruption of cell wall integrity. The demonstration of functional interaction between VLRB and complement components in lamprey provides evidence for the emergence of cooperative innate and adaptive-immune responses at a pivotal point in vertebrate evolution, before or in parallel with the evolution of Ig-based Abs and the classical complement-activation pathway.
Flagellin Induces Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells: Implications for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease
Authors: Rieber Nikolaus , Brand Alina , Hector Andreas , Graepler-Mainka Ute , Ost Michael , Schäfer Iris , Wecker Irene , Neri Davide , Wirth Andreas , Mays Lauren , Zundel Sabine , Fuchs Jörg , Handgretinger Rupert , Stern Martin , Hogardt Michael , Döring Gerd , Riethmüller Joachim , Kormann Michael , Hartl Dominik 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa persists in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and drives CF lung disease progression. P. aeruginosa potently activates the innate immune system, mainly mediated through pathogen-associated molecular patterns, such as flagellin. However, the host is unable to eradicate this flagellated bacterium efficiently. The underlying immunological mechanisms are incompletely understood. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are innate immune cells generated in cancer and proinflammatory microenvironments and are capable of suppressing T cell responses. We hypothesized that P. aeruginosa induces MDSCs to escape T cell immunity. In this article, we demonstrate that granulocytic MDSCs accumulate in CF patients chronically infected with P. aeruginosa and correlate with CF lung disease activity. Flagellated P. aeruginosa culture supernatants induced the generation of MDSCs, an effect that was 1) dose-dependently mimicked by purified flagellin protein, 2) significantly reduced using flagellin-deficient P. aeruginosa bacteria, and 3) corresponded to TLR5 expression on MDSCs in vitro and in vivo. Both purified flagellin and flagellated P. aeruginosa induced an MDSC phenotype distinct from that of the previously described MDSC-inducing cytokine GM-CSF, characterized by an upregulation of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 on the surface of MDSCs. Functionally, P. aeruginosa–infected CF patient ex vivo–isolated as well as flagellin or P. aeruginosa in vitro–generated MDSCs efficiently suppressed polyclonal T cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and modulated Th17 responses. These studies demonstrate that flagellin induces the generation of MDSCs and suggest that P. aeruginosa uses this mechanism to undermine T cell–mediated host defense in CF and other P. aeruginosa–associated chronic lung diseases.
Pro-Apoptotic Protein Noxa Regulates Memory T Cell Population Size and Protects against Lethal Immunopathology
Authors: Wensveen Felix M. , Klarenbeek Paul L. , van Gisbergen Klaas P. J. M. , Pascutti Maria F. , Derks Ingrid A. M. , van Schaik Barbera D. C. , ten Brinke Anja , de Vries Niek , Cekinović Đurđica , Jonjić Stipan , van Lier René A. W. , Eldering Eric 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Memory T cells form a highly specific defense layer against reinfection with previously encountered pathogens. In addition, memory T cells provide protection against pathogens that are similar, but not identical to the original infectious agent. This is because each T cell response harbors multiple clones with slightly different affinities, thereby creating T cell memory with a certain degree of diversity. Currently, the mechanisms that control size, diversity, and cross-reactivity of the memory T cell pool are incompletely defined. Previously, we established a role for apoptosis, mediated by the BH3-only protein Noxa, in controlling diversity of the effector T cell population. This function might positively or negatively impact T cell memory in terms of function, pool size, and cross-reactivity during recall responses. Therefore, we investigated the role of Noxa in T cell memory during acute and chronic infections. Upon influenza infection, Noxa−/− mice generate a memory compartment of increased size and clonal diversity. Reinfection resulted in an increased recall response, whereas cross-reactive responses were impaired. Chronic infection of Noxa−/− mice with mouse CMV resulted in enhanced memory cell inflation, but no obvious pathology. In contrast, in a model of continuous, high-level T cell activation, reduced apoptosis of activated T cells rapidly led to severe organ pathology and premature death in Noxa-deficient mice. These results establish Noxa as an important regulator of the number of memory cells formed during infection. Chronic immune activation in the absence of Noxa leads to excessive accumulation of primed cells, which may result in severe pathology.
Dynein Light Chain LC8 Inhibits Osteoclast Differentiation and Prevents Bone Loss in Mice
Authors: Kim Hyeryeon , Hyeon Seungha , Kim Hojin , Yang Yoohee , Huh Ji Young , Park Doo Ri , Lee Hyojung , Seo Dong-Hyun , Kim Han-Sung , Lee Soo Young , Jeong Woojin 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
NF-κB is one of the key transcription factors activated by receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) during osteoclast differentiation. The 8-kDa dynein L chain (LC8) was previously identified as a novel NF-κB regulator. However, its physiological role as an NF-κB inhibitor remains elusive. In this study, we showed the inhibitory role of LC8 in RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and signaling pathways and its protective role in osteolytic animal models. LC8 suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation, actin ring formation, and osteoclastic bone resorption. LC8 inhibited RANKL-induced phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of IκBα, the expression of c-Fos, and the consequent activation of NFATc1, which is a pivotal determinant of osteoclastogenesis. LC8 also inhibited RANKL-induced activation of JNK and ERK. LC8-transgenic mice exhibited a mild osteopetrotic phenotype. Moreover, LC8 inhibited inflammation-induced bone erosion and protected against ovariectomy-induced bone loss in mice. Thus, our results suggest that LC8 inhibits osteoclast differentiation by regulating NF-κB and MAPK pathways and provide the molecular basis of a new strategy for treating osteoporosis and other bone diseases.
Regulation of DNA Methylation in Rheumatoid Arthritis Synoviocytes
Authors: Nakano Kazuhisa , Boyle David L. , Firestein Gary S. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease in which fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) exhibit an aggressive phenotype. Although the mechanisms responsible are not well defined, epigenetic determinants such as DNA methylation might contribute. DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) are critical enzymes that establish and maintain DNA methylation. We evaluated whether proinflammatory cytokines might contribute to differential DNA methylation previously described in RA FLS through altered DNMT expression. FLS were obtained from RA and osteoarthritis (OA) synovium at the time of total joint replacement. Gene expression was determined by quantitative real-time PCR and protein expression by Western blot analysis. DNMT activity was measured with a functional assay, and global methylation was determined by an immunoassay that detects methylcytosine. Resting expression of DNMT1, -3a, and -3b mRNA were similar in RA and OA FLS. Western blot showed abundant DNMT1 and DNMT3a protein. Exposure to IL-1 decreased DNMT1 and DNMT3a mRNA expression in FLS. Dose responses demonstrated decreased DNMT expression at concentrations as low as 1 pg/ml of IL-1. DNMT mRNA levels decreased rapidly, with significant suppression after 2–8 h of IL-1 stimulation. IL-1 stimulation of OA FLS did not affect methylation of LINE1 sites but led to demethylation of a CHI3L1 locus that is hypomethylated in RA FLS. Chronic IL-1 stimulation also mimicked the effect of a DNMT inhibitor on FLS gene expression. Exposure to proinflammatory mediators reversibly alters DNA methylation in FLS by decreasing DNMT expression and function. These data suggest that IL-1 can potentially imprint cells in chronic inflammatory diseases.
TNFR2 Is Critical for the Stabilization of the CD4+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cell Phenotype in the Inflammatory Environment
Authors: Chen Xin , Wu Xueqiang , Zhou Qiong , Howard O. M. Zack , Netea Mihai G. , Oppenheim Joost J. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Several lines of evidence indicate the instability of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). We have therefore investigated means of promoting the stability of Tregs. In this study, we found that the proportion of Tregs in mouse strains deficient in TNFR2 or its ligands was reduced in the thymus and peripheral lymphoid tissues, suggesting a potential role of TNFR2 in promoting the sustained expression of Foxp3. We observed that upon in vitro activation with plate-bound anti-CD3 Ab and soluble anti-CD28 Ab, Foxp3 expression by highly purified mouse Tregs was markedly downregulated. Importantly, TNF partially abrogated this effect of TCR stimulation and stabilized Foxp3 expression. This effect of TNF was blocked by anti-TNFR2 Ab, but not by anti-TNFR1 Ab. Furthermore, TNF was not able to maintain Foxp3 expression by TNFR2-deficient Tregs. In a mouse colitis model induced by transfer of naive CD4 cells into Rag1−/− mice, the disease could be inhibited by cotransfer of wild-type Tregs, but not by cotransfer of TNFR2-deficient Tregs. Furthermore, in the lamina propria of the colitis model, most wild-type Tregs maintained Foxp3 expression. In contrast, an increased number of TNFR2-deficient Tregs lost Foxp3 expression. Thus, our data clearly show that TNFR2 is critical for the phenotypic and functional stability of Tregs in the inflammatory environment. This effect of TNF should be taken into account when designing future therapy of autoimmunity and graft-versus-host disease by using TNF inhibitors.
Cutting Edge: Endothelial-Specific Gene Ablation of CD99L2 Impairs Leukocyte Extravasation In Vivo
Authors: Seelige Ruth , Natsch Christiane , März Sigrid , Jing Ding , Frye Maike , Butz Stefan , Vestweber Dietmar 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
CD99-like 2 (CD99L2) is a membrane protein with moderate sequence homology to CD99, which initiates cell aggregation of transfected cells and that is strongly expressed on endothelial cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes. We showed recently that Abs against CD99L2 inhibit neutrophil, but not T lymphocyte, recruitment into inflamed tissues. In this study, we have generated conditional gene–deficient mice for CD99L2 and show by analyzing them in various inflammation models several results. First, gene ablation of CD99L2 impairs neutrophil recruitment into inflamed cremaster and peritoneum. Second, despite the strong expression of CD99L2 on peripheral neutrophils, only gene ablation on endothelial cells but not on myeloid cells affects neutrophil extravasation. Third, in contrast to our previous Ab-based results, recruitment of activated T cells into inflamed skin was impaired in mice lacking CD99L2 on endothelial cells. We conclude that CD99L2 is an essential endothelial Ag for leukocyte extravasation, which does not require homophilic interactions with CD99L2 on leukocytes.
Effect of hyperglycemia on conduction parameters of tibial nerve’s fibers to different muscles: A rat model
Authors: Erdoğan Çağdaş , Cenikli Utku , Değirmenci Eylem , Oğuzhanoğlu Attila 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Routine conduction studies reflect the summation of all nerve fibers in a peripheral nerve. Nerve fiber groups to distal, small muscles have smaller diameters than the ones to large proximal muscles. There may be minimal differences between the diameters of nerve fiber groups innervating different muscles; even they are all same type of fibers. So, in neuropathic processes some nerve fiber groups may be more seriously affected. Materials and Methods: 14 rats ( 7 diabetic, 7 control) were studied. Tibial nerve was stimulated from two points and while recorded from a distal (foot intrinsic muscles) and a proximal (gastrocnemius) muscle. Results: There was a significant difference between the proximal and distal recorded conduction velocities. Both proximal and distal recorded conduction velocities decreased during the hyperglycemic process. Discussion: Our method successfully demonstrated different nerve fiber groups; but, the neuropathic process seemed to be homogeneous in both fiber groups.