bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Cell Membrane Imaging
Authors: Li Meng , Nie Chenyao , Feng Liheng , Yuan Huanxiang , Liu Libing , Lv Fengting , Wang Shu 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe outstanding optical properties and biocompatibility of fluorescent conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) make them favorable for bioimaging application. However, few CPNs could achieve stable cell membrane labeling due to cell endocytosis. In this work, conjugated polymer nanoparticles (PFPNP‐PLE) encapsulated with PFP and PLGA‐PEG‐N3 in the matrix and functionalized with the small‐molecule drug plerixafor (PLE) on the surface were prepared by a mini‐emulsion method. PFPNP‐PLE exhibits excellent photophysical properties, low cytotoxicity, and specific cytomembrane location, which makes it a potential cell membrane labeling reagent with blue fluorescence emission, an important component for multilabel/multicolor bioimaging.
Fault‐Tolerant Stabilization in Discrete‐Time Multiple‐Integrator Networks with General Information Sharing
Authors: Locatelli Arturo , Schiavoni Nicola 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe paper considers a network of agents with identical discrete‐time multiple‐integrator dynamics. The agents share information according to an arbitrary topology. The information is relative to the states corresponding to some of the highest integration levels. With reference to this setting, a decentralized stabilization problem is faced, under the further assumption that faults may occur in the communication apparatus of one or several of the agents. A necessary and sufficient solvability condition is presented for the problem, together with formulas for a class of least‐order regulators.
Finite‐Time Synchronization of General Complex Dynamical Networks
Authors: Wu Quanjun , Zhang Hua , Xu Li , Yan Qing 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe main objective of the present paper is to further investigate finite‐time synchronization of a general complex dynamical network from the viewpoint of dynamics and control. By utilizing the finite‐time stability theory combined with the inequality techniques, several sufficient criteria on finite‐time synchronization are derived analytically. And some effects of control parameters on synchronization speed and synchronization time are also drawn. It is shown that control gains play an important role in making the dynamical networks finite‐time exponentially synchronized. Furthermore, the results are applied to a typical nearest‐neighbor coupled network composing of chaotic FitzHugh‐Nagumo (FHN) neuron oscillators, and numerical simulations are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control methodology.
Gold‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Substitution of Free Alcohols: An Enantioselective Approach to Chiral Chromans with Quaternary Stereocenters for the Synthesis of Vitamin E and Analogues
Authors: Uria Uxue , Vila Carlos , Lin Ming‐Yuan , Rueping Magnus 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe enantioselective synthesis of α‐ and γ‐tocopherol (the most biologically active members of vitamin E family) and analogues has been accomplished employing a new enantioselective gold catalyzed intramolecular allylic alkylation reaction followed by an olefin cross‐metathesis as key steps. The methodology proved to be applicable to different olefins highlighting its potential for the synthesis of diverse libraries.
Soluble Xanthate Compounds for the Solution Deposition of Metal Sulfide Thin Films
Authors: Macreadie Lauren K. , Maynard‐Casely Helen E. , Batten Stuart R. , Turner David R. , Chesman Anthony S. R. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA series of soluble metal ethylxanthate compounds was synthesised as precursors for metal sulfide thin films to be deposited using solution‐based techniques. Initially, a range of air‐ and moisture‐stable organic ethylxanthate (EtXn) salts were synthesised (cation=Me4N (1), Et4N (2), Pr4N (3), Ph4P (4), guanidinium (5), NMeH3 (6), NMe2H2 (7), NMe3H (8), NH4 (9)). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to examine their decomposition profiles, which in turn informed the decision of which counter cation was best suited for inclusion in the metal xanthate compounds. Periodic NMR spectroscopy studies and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SXRD) were used to determine the role protic ammonium counter cations play in the detrimental conversion of xanthates to dithiocarbamate anions. The organic salts 1 and 4 were used to form the metal ethylxanthate compounds (Me4N)[M(EtXn)x] (x=3 for M=Cd (10 Cd), Ni (10 Ni), Zn (10 Zn); x=4 for M=La (11 La)) and (Ph4P)[M(EtXn)3] (M=Cd (12 Cd), Ni (12 Ni), Zn (12 Zn)). Solubility studies on these compounds were performed using a range of solvents to demonstrate the viability of using these compounds for solution‐based deposition methods for thin‐film formation. TGA of the metal xanthate compounds was used to examine their thermal‐decomposition profiles and the product resulting from thermolysis was found to be the respective metal sulfide. In addition, the coproducts of thermal decomposition were analysed by headspace gas‐chromatography mass spectrometry (HS GC–MS) to probe the decomposition mechanism of the precursors. In situ variable‐temperature synchrotron XRD studies on both bulk and thin‐film samples of 10 Cd and 12 Cd were used to examine metal sulfide crystalline phase formation. Decomposition of both precursors was found to give CdS in a hexagonal phase, with the addition of CdCl2 found to aid in increasing the crystallite size during crystallisation.
Estimating the spatial distribution of wintering little brown bat populations in the eastern United States
Authors: Russell Robin E. , Tinsley Karl , Erickson Richard A. , Thogmartin Wayne E. , Szymanski Jennifer 
Published: September 2014

AbstractDepicting the spatial distribution of wildlife species is an important first step in developing management and conservation programs for particular species. Accurate representation of a species distribution is important for predicting the effects of climate change, land‐use change, management activities, disease, and other landscape‐level processes on wildlife populations. We developed models to estimate the spatial distribution of little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) wintering populations in the United States east of the 100th meridian, based on known hibernacula locations. From this data, we developed several scenarios of wintering population counts per county that incorporated uncertainty in the spatial distribution of the hibernacula as well as uncertainty in the size of the current little brown bat population. We assessed the variability in our results resulting from effects of uncertainty. Despite considerable uncertainty in the known locations of overwintering little brown bats in the eastern United States, we believe that models accurately depicting the effects of the uncertainty are useful for making management decisions as these models are a coherent organization of the best available information.
Study on MEMS Thermal Microactuators with Pedestal‐Type Beam Shape and Au Electroplating
Authors: OCHIAI KUNIYUKI , OSADA TAKAHIRO , MURO HIDEO 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTRecently, microfluid systems have been extensively studied, and microactuators such as microvalves fabricated by microelectromechanical systems technology are essential for realizing these systems. In this paper, thermal microactuators of trapezoidal shape fabricated by SOI‐MUMPs technology with and without Au electroplating layers are studied to obtain larger displacement.
Structure and Vibrational Analyses of LiP15
Authors: Eckstein Nadine , Jantke Laura‐Alice , Fässler Thomas F. , Mink János , Drees Markus , Nilges Tom 
Published: September 2014

AbstractLiP15 was synthesized by reaction of the elements in the presence of CuCl2 as a mineralizer additive in sealed silica ampoules at 823 K. The product was characterized by powder and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction experiments, quantum chemical calculations and IR and Raman spectroscopy. It crystallizes in the triclinic crystal system in space group P$\bar {1}$ with the lattice parameters a = 6.974(1) Å, b = 9.008(1) Å, c = 11.294(2) Å, α = 104.51(1)°, β = 93.78(1)°, γ = 106.330(10)° and V = 652.1 Å3. The structure of the phosphorus‐rich polyphosphide consists of tubular polyphosphide strands that are coordinated by lithium atoms to form double strands with an antiparallel arrangement. Quantum chemical investigations and structure optimizations were applied to localize the Li positions within the polyphosphide framework, and a full factor group analysis was done to understand the complex IR and Raman spectra of the title compound. LiP15 does not crystallize isotypically to compounds with the higher homologues of lithium but forms its own structure type, in contrast to previous reports. On the basis of our results, a LiP15 polymorph isotypic to KP15 might exist energetically separated by a few kJ/mol. We also predict that a second KP15 polymorph with the reported LiP15 structure would be energetically as favourable as the known one.
Rapid and Selective Electrophilic Trifluoromethylation of the 4,4‐Difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (BODIPY) Scaffold
Authors: Santschi Nico , Cvengroš Ján , Matthey Coraline , Otth Elisabeth , Antonio Togni and 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThis report deals with the rapid functionalization of the 4,4‐difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (BODIPY) scaffold by means of electrophilic trifluoromethylation. Subjecting dye 2 to the disclosed protocol led to the successful isolation of 3‐trifluoromethylated derivative 9. Subsequent comparison of structural and electronic properties allowed for the characterization of changes imparted by the CF3 group. A diminution in the quantum yield [ΦF(2)MeOH = 0.15, ΦF(9)THF = 0.024] was accompanied by a larger Stokes shift [ΔS(2)MeOH = 12 nm, ΔS(9)THF = 54 nm], whereas the molar extinction coefficient at the global absorbance maximum remained largely unaffected [ϵ(2)MeOH = 40 × 103 M–1 cm–1, ϵ(9)THF = 30 × 103 M–1 cm–1].
Chronic aquatic effect assessment for the fungicide azoxystrobin
Authors: van Wijngaarden Rene P.A. , Belgers Dick J.M. , Zafar Mazhar I. , Matser Arrienne M. , Boerwinkel Marie-Claire , Arts Gertie H.P. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

The present study examined the ecological effects of a range of chronic exposure concentrations of the fungicide azoxystrobin in freshwater experimental systems (1270-L outdoor microcosms). Intended and environmentally relevant test concentrations of azoxystrobin were 0 µg active ingredient (a.i.)/L, 0.33 µg a.i./L, 1 µg a.i./L, 3.3 µg a.i./L, 10 µg a.i./L, and 33 µg a.i./L, kept at constant values. Responses of freshwater populations and community parameters were studied. During the 42-d experimental period, the time-weighted average concentrations of azoxystrobin ranged from 93.5% to 99.3% of intended values. Zooplankton, especially copepods and the Daphnia longispina group, were the most sensitive groups. At the population level, a consistent no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC) of 1 µg a.i./L was calculated for Copepoda. The NOEC at the zooplankton community level was 10 µg azoxystrobin/L. The principle of the European Union pesticide directive is that lower-tier regulatory acceptable concentrations (RACs) are protective of higher-tier RACs. This was tested for chronic risks from azoxystrobin. With the exception of the microcosm community chronic RAC (highest tier), all other chronic RAC values were similar to each other (0.5–1 µg a.i./L). The new and stricter first-tier species requirements of the European Union pesticide regulation (1107/2009/EC) are not protective for the most sensitive populations in the microcosm study, when based on the higher tier population RAC. In comparison, the Water Framework Directive generates environmental quality standards that are 5 to 10 times lower than the derived chronic RACs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2775–2785. © 2014 SETAC
High prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer in Korean women with insulin resistance
Authors: Bae Min Jung , Kim Sang Soo , Kim Won Jin , Yi Yang Seon , Jeon Yun Kyung , Kim Bo Hyun , Lee Byung Joo , Lee Jin Choon , Kim In Joo , Wang Soo Geun , Kim Yong Ki 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine if hyperinsulinemia and/or insulin resistance are/is associated with the prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in Korean women.MethodsThis study included 735 female patients with PTC and 537 female non‐PTC control subjects. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations between hyperinsulinemia/insulin resistance and the occurrence of PTC.ResultsThe prevalence of PTC was significantly correlated with increased insulin, glucose levels, and a high homeostasis model of assessment‐insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR). The multivariate adjusted odds ratios for the prevalence of PTC in the highest quartile groups for insulin, glucose, and HOMA‐IR were 2.88, 9.32, and 4.07 (all p < .001), respectively, compared with the lowest quartile groups. Pathological analyses revealed that increased serum glucose, insulin levels, and a higher HOMA‐IR were associated with the multifocality of PTC.ConclusionHyperinsulinemia and/or insulin resistance may be associated with the development of PTC, but not disease severity in Korean women. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 66–71, 2016
Sinus mucosa status in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with intensity‐modulated radiotherapy: A 5‐year follow‐up
Authors: Hsin Chung‐Han , Tseng Hsien‐Chun , Lin Huang‐Pin , Chen Tsai‐Hsin 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTBackgroundSinus mucosa abnormalities on image studies, which is the major diagnostic measure for sinusitis, were investigated in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).MethodsA retrospective review of the MRIs for patients with NPC was conducted. Sinus mucosa abnormalities were staged by the Lund–Mackay system.ResultsA total of 94 patients were enrolled in this study. The rate and severity of sinus abnormalities were highest on the third postradiotherapy month (p < .005, t test). There was no significant increase in the incidence of abnormalities on the fifth postradiotherapy year (t test). The anterior ethmoid and maxillary sinuses were the most affected sinuses before and after radiotherapy (p < .005, chi‐square test).ConclusionOur data showed that the anterior ethmoid and maxillary sinuses were the most vulnerable sinuses for therapeutic toxicity after IMRT in patients with NPC. In the long run, however, the application of IMRT does not significantly increase the incidence of sinus toxicities. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 29–35, 2016
Impact of high‐κ gate dielectric and other physical parameters on the electrostatics and threshold voltage of long channel gate‐all‐around nanowire transistor
Authors: Khan Saeed Uz Zaman , Hossain Md. Shafayat , Rahman Fahim Ur , Zaman Rifat , Hossen Md. Obaidul , Khosru Quazi D. M. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractHigh‐κ gate‐all‐around structure counters the Short Channel Effect (SCEs) mostly providing excellent off‐state performance, whereas high mobility III–V channel ensures better on‐state performance, rendering III–V nanowire GAAFET a potential candidate for replacing the current FinFETs in microchips. In this paper, a 2D simulator for the III–V GAAFET based on self‐consistent solution of Schrodinger–Poisson equation is proposed. Using this simulator, capacitance–voltage profile and threshold voltage are characterized, which reveal that gate dielectric constant (κ) and oxide thickness do not affect threshold voltage significantly at lower channel doping. Moreover, change in alloy composition of InxGa1‐xAs, channel doping, and cross‐sectional area has trivial effects on the inversion capacitance although threshold voltage can be shifted by the former two. Although, channel material also affects the threshold voltage, most sharp change in threshold voltage is observed with change in fin width of the channel (0.005 V/nm for above 10 nm fin width and 0.064 V/nm for sub‐10 nm fin width). Simulation suggests that for lower channel doping below 1023 m−3, fin width variation affects the threshold voltage most. Whereas when the doping is higher than 1023 m−3, both the thickness and dielectric constant of the oxide material have strong effects on threshold voltage (0.05 V/nm oxide thickness and 0.01 V/per unit change in κ). Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of rye bread enriched with tomato pomace on fat absorption and lipid metabolism in rats fed a high‐fat diet
Authors: Bajerska Joanna , Chmurzynska Agata , Mildner‐Szkudlarz Sylwia , Drzymała‐Czyż Sławomira 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDTomato pomace (TP), obtained as a residue of tomato processing, was used to enrich rye bread (RB). The sensory profile of this functional bread (RB+TP) was characterised, and its fat absorption and lipid metabolism properties in high‐fat‐fed rats were studied.RESULTSIntake of the HF diet containing RB, RB+TP, or TP alone increased faecal energy and fat excretion, but did not affect animal growth or visceral fat weight. Both RB and RB+TP diminished the negative impact of the HF diet, lowering the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and the total liver lipid contents by 31.6% and 24%, respectively. The experimental diets had no effect on liver S‐adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) concentrations or on the S‐adenosylmethionine (SAM) to SAH ratio, though the lowest SAM levels were observed in the HF+TP group. No significant differences were detected in blood homocysteine, triglycerides, glucose or insulin levels.CONCLUSIONSAlthough RB+TP incorporated into a HF diet may lead to a decrease in AIP and total liver lipid content, this effect does not depend on the components of TP, but rather on the RB ingredients. However, pure TP, in the doses used in this study, may potentially play a role in the energy balance via faecal loss of lipids. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Phytochemical screening, anticancer and antioxidant activities of Origanum vulgare L. ssp. viride (Boiss.) Hayek, a plant of traditional usage
Authors: Koldaş Serkan , Demirtas Ibrahim , Ozen Tevfik , Demirci Mehmet Ali , Behçet Lütfi 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDA detailed phytochemical analysis of Origanum vulgare L. ssp. viride (Boiss.) Hayek was carried out and the antioxidant activities of five different crude extracts were determined. The antiproliferative activities of the extracts were determined using the xCELLigence system (Real Time Cell Analyzer).RESULTSDifferences between the essential oil and volatile organic compound profiles of the plant were shown. The main component of the essential oil was caryophyllene oxide, while the main volatile organic compounds were sabinene and eucalyptol as determined by HS‐GC/MS. Phenolic contents of the extracts were determined qualitatively and quantitatively by HPLC/TOF‐MS. Ten phenolic compounds were found in the extracts from O. vulgare and Origanum acutidens: rosmarinic acid (in highest abundance), chicoric acid, caffeic acid, p‐coumaric acid, gallic acid, quercetin, apigenin‐7‐glucoside, kaempferol, naringenin and 4‐hydroxybenzaldehyde.CONCLUSIONThis study provides first results on the antiproliferative and antioxidant properties and detailed phytochemical screening of O. vulgare ssp. viride (Boiss.) Hayek. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Stereotactic body radiotherapy for a large arteriovenous malformation of the head and neck
Authors: Koyfman Shlomo A. , Shukla Monica E. , Bricker Aliye , Djemil Toufik , Wood Benjamin , Masaryk Thomas , Suh John H. 
Published: September 2014

Large arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the head and neck present a treatment challenge. A 38‐year‐old woman presented with a large intraoral bleed from longstanding AVMs of the left infratemporal fossa and the right tongue, despite 10 prior surgeries and embolizations. She was treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy with a dose of 24 Gy in three weekly fractions. Four years later, she has had dramatic shrinkage of her AVM, no recurrent bleeding episodes, no further treatment required, and no significant late effects.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 125:379–382, 2015
Conductive Traces on 3D Metal Parts
Authors: Borges Malte 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA new powder finishing has opened up a whole new world of possibilities for laser direct structuring: With LPKF Powder Coating conductive traces can now be built up on three‐dimensional metal parts using the well‐known LDS process (laser direct structuring). This makes LDS Powder Coating extremely promising, for example, for new LED applications.
Decoil – Feed – Process
Authors: Kaupp Peter 
Published: September 2014

AbstractIn the past, Weil Technology was active in the field of short tube manufacturing machines. Now, the flexible laser cell FLC expands the product range to the complete machining of 2D components, tubes and even entire assemblies. The FLC's tool is a cutting and joining laser. Its extraordinary flexibility makes it a choice for small to medium series, sample machining and single‐part production, be it for the automotive industry, electronics industry applications or the making of construction components.
Fiber Laser Seam Stepper Replacing Resistance Spot‐Welding
Authors: Siewert Andreas , Krastel Klaus 
Published: September 2014

AbstractResistance spot welding is known in high‐volume production environment in the automotive industry since many years. The laser welding technology is also established in this application for more than 20 years, however it could still not capture the majority of the market even the modern laser welding application offers the following advantages:
Simultaneous Photoinduced ATRP and CuAAC Reactions for the Synthesis of Block Copolymers
Authors: Murtezi Eljesa , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: September 2014

Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and copper‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions, both utilizing copper(I) (Cu(I)) complexes, make a tremendous progress in synthetic polymer chemistry. Independently or in combination with other polymerization processes, they give access to the synthesis of polymers with well‐defined structures, desired molecular architectures, and a wide variety of functionalities. Here, a novel in situ photoinduced formation of block copolymers is described by simultaneous ATRP and CuAAC processes. This approach relies on the direct reduction of initially charged copper(II) complexes to Cu(I) complexes to trigger both ATRP and CuAAC reactions coinciding under UV light at ambient temperature in one pot. Its synthetic utility is demonstrated on a model block copolymerization process by photoinduced ATRP of methyl methacrylate (MMA) using an initiator possessing acetylene functionality and concomitant click reaction between thus formed α‐acetylene‐poly(methyl methacrylate) (Ac‐PMMA) and independently prepared azide functional polystyrene (PS‐N3). Successful formation of PS‐b‐PMMA block copolymer is confirmed by FT‐IR and 1H NMR spectral analysis and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurements.
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