bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consensus meeting and update on existing guidelines for management of cervical cancer with special emphasis on the practice in developing countries, including India: The expert panel at the 8 th annual women′s cancer initiative Tata Memorial Hospital Conference 2010-11
Authors: Mahantshetty Umesh , Krishnatry Rahul , Kumar Saurabha , Engineer Reena , Maheshwari Amita , Kerkar Rajendra , Gupta Sudeep , Ghosh Jaya , Deodhar Kedar , Thakur Meenakshi , Shrivastava Shyam K 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers seen in developing countries, especially in India. Recent years have seen many new developments in various modalities used in the management of cervical cancer. Although it is important to remain abreast with these advancements, the availability of resources and challenges in practices across the country cannot be ignored. Materials and Methods: This is a conference update aiming at reviewing all major advancements with their due merit, which can influence the evidence in daily practice of treatment for cervical cancer in the developing nations. Pre-formulated guidelines questions developed by the scientific committee were discussed and voted by national and international faculty as well as delegates in the light of current evidence and available resources in developing countries for practice. Results: The results of these discussions and voting were compiled and are presented as guidelines for practice. Conclusion: These recommendations are aimed to help centers in developing countries to deliver and improve best care with available recourses to cervical cancer patients.
Illustration of the Use of an Instructional Version of a Thermodynamic Cycle Simulation for a Commercial Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine
Authors: Caton Jerald A. 
Published: February 2013

The development and use of an instructional version of a thermodynamic engine cycle simulation for classroom use is described. This simulation is based on well-established features, but which are not necessarily the most advanced. The major simplification of this instructional simulation is the use of constant specific heat capacities as opposed to the use of variable composition and properties. The cycle simulation was developed with an elementary set of conventional sub-model components. To account for the unsteady flow dynamics, an empirical adjustment factor was used. With the exception of this empirical adjustment factor, all of the constants associated with the sub-models are used as suggested by the original publications. Students, therefore, are readily able to develop and use this simulation. This paper then demonstrates the usefulness of such a basic simulation in describing the overall performance of a commercial automotive spark-ignition engine for a range of engine speeds and operating conditions. A modern, four-valve per cylinder, two-camshaft engine was selected for this study. Although the cycle simulation was based on elementary conventional features, a number of important engine characteristics were correctly obtained. These included the overall performance for engine speeds up to 7000 rpm, and details such as the time (crank angle) of peak pressure for optimum performance.
Autologous Tissue Repair and Total Face Restoration
Authors: Zan Tao , Wang Wenjin , Li Haizhou , Liu Caiyue , Zhu Hainan , Xie Yun , Zhou Shuangbai , Gao Yashan , Huang Xin , Gu Shuchen , Liu Kai , Gu Bin , Xie Feng , Pu Lee L. Q. , Li Qingfeng 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceTotal face restoration remains a challenge in modern reconstructive surgery. After 17 years of experiments and preliminary clinical studies, a new concept of face prefabrication was developed for face restoration with autologous tissue.ObjectiveTo evaluate the long-term results of face restoration with autologous tissue and report a finalized and standardized approach of face prefabrication.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this single-center long-term retrospective study, 32 patients who underwent total face restoration between 2005 and 2022 were reviewed. These patients underwent total facial reconstruction, which included flap prefabrication, 3-dimensional printing, tissue expansion, and flap transfer with aid of indocyanine green angiography (IGA). The flap first undergoes prefabrication by transferring vascularized fascia under the skin of the selected chest. A tissue expander is then placed under the fascia to create a large, thin, reliable skin flap after expansion. Once completed, the flap is transferred to the face during the second stage of the reconstruction. Intraoperative IGA is performed to guide the design of subsequent openings for facial fissures. Data were analyzed from July to September 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresFlap healing, reconstructive outcome, and patient recovery were assessed during follow-up. Three questionnaires, including the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Aesthetic and Functional Status Score of Facial Soft-Tissue Deformities/Defects, and the EuroQoL Health-Related Quality of Life (EQ-5D-5L), were used to evaluate the quality of life and satisfaction with facial aesthetic and functional status.ResultsOf 24 included patients, 14 (58%) were male, and the mean (range) age was 32.9 (8-62) years. The mean (range) follow-up was 5.6 (2-12) years. All patients reported a significant improvement in quality of life (SF-36), especially in mean (SD) social functioning (preoperative score, 53.65 [34.51]; postoperative score, 80.73 [19.10]) and emotional stability (preoperative score, 56.67 [25.55]; postoperative score, 71.17 [18.51]). A total of 22 patients (92%) went back to work. Mean (SD) facial aesthetic status (preoperative score, 4.96 [3.26]; postoperative score, 11.52 [3.49]; P &amp;lt; .001) and functional status (preoperative score, 11.09 [3.51]; postoperative score, 15.78 [3.26]; P &amp;lt; .001) also improved. In addition, there was a significant increase in overall satisfaction and self-reported health status (preoperative score, 8.13 [1.52]; postoperative score, 3.58 [2.31]).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, 5-year follow-up results suggested that this innovative approach to total face restoration offered a safe and valid option for indicated patients, with acceptable reconstructive and cosmetic outcomes.
Intelligent fault diagnosis of rolling bearings in strongly noisy environments using graph convolutional networks
Authors: Wei Lunpan , Peng Xiuyan , Cao Yunpeng 
Published: July 2024

SummaryRolling bearings often function under complex and non‐stationary conditions, where significant noise interference complicates fault diagnosis by obscuring fault characteristics. This paper presents an innovative fault diagnosis technique using graph convolutional networks (GCN) to address these challenges. Vibration signals are first transformed into the frequency domain through fast Fourier transform (FFT), creating a detailed graph where nodes and edges encapsulate fault signals. The GCN method then extracts complex node features from this graph, enabling a classifier, comprising a fully connected layer and Softmax function, to accurately identify fault types. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed GCN‐based fault diagnosis method, achieving an accuracy of 99.79%. This significantly surpasses traditional machine learning methods (85.4%), deep learning models (92.3%), and other graph neural network approaches (94.1%). Notably, the method shows exceptional resilience to noise, maintaining high accuracy even with 20% added noise, underscoring its robustness for practical industrial applications. The transformation of vibration signals into the frequency domain using FFT, followed by constructing a detailed graph structure, enables the GCN to effectively capture and represent intricate fault characteristics, thus enhancing accurate fault classification. These findings highlight the method's practical applicability and potential for deployment in advanced industrial settings characterized by high noise levels and complexity.
Robust Systemic and Mucosal Immune Responses to Coxsackievirus B3 Elicited by Spider Silk Protein Based Nanovaccines via Subcutaneous Immunization
Authors: Qi Xingmei , Wei Guoqiang , Li Yanan , Xiong Sidong , Chen Gefei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCoxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a member of the enterovirus genus and linked to several diseases, including myocarditis, which can progress to dilated cardiomyopathy. Despite ongoing preclinical efforts, no clinically approved vaccines against CVB3 are currently available, highlighting the urgent need for effective prophylactic solutions. In this study, a nanovaccine platform based on spider minor ampullate silk protein (MiSp) is introduced. This platform utilizes protein nanoparticles engineered from chimeric proteins that incorporate CVB3 antigenic peptides into customized MiSp, subsequently loaded with all‐trans retinoic acid (RA). These functional nanovaccines are capable of eliciting both mucosal and systemic immune responses following subcutaneous administration and demonstrate significant protective effects against CVB3 infection in mice. This study signifies an approach in peptide‐based parenteral vaccine strategies, utilizing engineered MiSp nanoparticles combined with RA. This methodology represents a promising pathway for preventing enterovirus infections by leveraging the unique immunomodulatory properties of spidroins and RA to combat these pathogens effectively.
Terahertz Sensing Based on Floating Bilayer Metasurface with Toroidal Dipole Resonance Toward Ultra‐High Sensitivity
Authors: Liu Xiaoxuan , Xiao Binggang , Qin Jianyuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMetasurface structures have proven to be effective in enhancing terahertz sensing signals and can thus be used as sensors to improve terahertz detection sensitivity. However, the sensitivity is limited by the poor spatial overlap between the analytes and the local electric field of the metasurface. In this work, a novel design of a floating bilayer metasurface structure for terahertz sensing is proposed and investigated. This structure supports a sharp toroidal dipole resonance and can concentrate near‐field energy on the analyte and metal atoms rather than on the substrate surface by floating the metal atoms. Consequently, the sensitivity is significantly improved to as high as 362 GHz RIU−1; theoretically, this is approximately 2.6 times higher than that of the common metasurface. The ability of the floating bilayer metasurface to quantitatively detect chlorothalonil is experimentally demonstrated. The resonance peak shows a significant frequency shift of 7 GHz for a change of 0.0001 mg dL−1 in chlorothalonil concentration, reaching up to 86 GHz when the change in chlorothalonil concentration is 100 mg dL−1; this is approximately 6.6 times higher than that of the common metasurface. This work provides opportunities for metasurface to realize ultrasensitive sensing in the terahertz regime.
Watt‐Level Second‐Order Topological Charge Ultrafast Green Vortex Laser with Quasi ‐2D PEA2(CsPbBr3)n‐1PbBr4 Perovskite Films Saturable Absorber
Authors: Liu Zehua , Li Jingzhen , Zhang Ling , Zhang Yu , Yang Song , Bai Zhenxu , Wang Yulei , Lu Zhiwei , Yan Dapeng , Qi Yaoyao , Zhang XingWang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUltrafast vortex beams have significant scientific and practical value because of their unique phase properties in both the longitudinal and transverse modes, enabling multi‐dimensional quantum control of light fields. Directly generating watt‐level ultrafast vortex beams with large angular momentum has remained a major challenge due to the limitations of mode‐locked materials and existing spatiotemporal mode‐locking generation methods. In this study, quasi‐2D PEA2(CsPbBr3)n‐1PbBr4 perovskite films are prepared by an anti‐solvent method and employed for the first time in a mode‐locked resonator operating in free space. Utilizing the angle‐based non‐collinear pumping and frequency doubling techniques, the second‐order ultrafast green vortex beams with a power of up to 1.05 W and a duration of 373 ps are generated. Experimental findings demonstrate the strong nonlinear saturable absorption properties of quasi‐2D PEA2(CsPbBr3)n‐1PbBr4 perovskite films at high power levels, highlighting their considerable potential in ultrafast laser technology and nonlinear optics.
Broadband Complex Amplitude‐Modulated Metasurfaces for Nanoprinting and Vectorial Hologram with Continuously Varying Linear Polarization Distributions
Authors: Zhang Song , Lin Peicheng , Huo Pengcheng , Wang Yilin , Zhang Yanzeng , Liu Mingze , Xu Ting 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe multi‐dimensional light‐field manipulation capability of metasurfaces positions them as promising candidates for displaying nanoprinting and holographic images at ultra‐short distances with subwavelength resolution. In recent years, merging nanoprinting and holographic images into a single‐layer metasurface has emerged as a research focus to enhance information storage capacity. However, existing multi‐channel metasurface designs often limit the number of polarization states available for the holographic image. Here, a scheme is proposed and demonstrated to encode both a continuous grayscale image and a vectorial hologram with a continuously varying linear polarization distribution onto a complex amplitude‐modulated metasurface. The nanoprinting and holographic images generated from dielectric metasurface exhibit broadband response for the visible light. This method paves the way for compact optical devices tailored for applications in information encoding, high‐density optical storage, and information anti‐counterfeiting.
Alveolar Microdynamics during Tidal Ventilation in Live Animals Imaged by SPring‐8 Synchrotron
Authors: Kim Min Woo , Yu Seung Hyeon , Yang Un , Nukiwa Ryota , Cho Hyeon Jung , Kwon Nam Seop , Yong Moon Jung , Kim Nam Ho , Lee Sang Hyeon , Lee Jun Ho , Lim Jae Hong , Kohmura Yoshiki , Ishikawa Tatsuya , Henry Frank S. , Imai Yumiko , Oh Seung Soo , Hwang Hyung Ju , Tsuda Akira , Je Jung Ho 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIt is self‐evident that our chests expand and contract during breathing but, surprisingly, exactly how individual alveoli change shape over the respiratory cycle is still a matter of debate. Some argue that all the alveoli expand and contract rhythmically. Others claim that the lung volume change is due to groups of alveoli collapsing and reopening during ventilation. Although this question might seem to be an insignificant detail for healthy individuals, it might be a matter of life and death for patients with compromised lungs. Past analyses were based on static post‐mortem preparations primarily due to technological limitations, and therefore, by definition, incapable of providing dynamic information. In contrast, this study provides the first comprehensive dynamic data on how the shape of the alveoli changes, and, further, provides valuable insights into the optimal lung volume for efficient gas exchange. It is concluded that alveolar micro‐dynamics is nonlinear; and at medium lung volume, alveoli expand more than the ducts.
VIK‐Mediated Auxin Signaling Regulates Lateral Root Development in Arabidopsis
Authors: Shang Erlei , Wei Kaijing , Lv Bingsheng , Zhang Xueli , Lin Xuefeng , Ding Zhihui , Leng Junchen , Tian Huiyu , Ding Zhaojun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe crucial role of TIR1‐receptor‐mediated gene transcription regulation in auxin signaling has long been established. In recent years, the significant role of protein phosphorylation modifications in auxin signal transduction has gradually emerged. To further elucidate the significant role of protein phosphorylation modifications in auxin signaling, a phosphoproteomic analysis in conjunction with auxin treatment has identified an auxin activated Mitogen‐activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase (MAPKKK) VH1‐INTERACTING Kinase (VIK), which plays an important role in auxin‐induced lateral root (LR) development. In the vik mutant, auxin‐induced LR development is significantly attenuated. Further investigations show that VIK interacts separately with the positive regulator of LR development, LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES‐DOMAIN18 (LBD18), and the negative regulator of LR emergence, Ethylene Responsive Factor 13 (ERF13). VIK directly phosphorylates and stabilizes the positive transcription factor LBD18 in LR formation. In the meantime, VIK directly phosphorylates the negative regulator ERF13 at Ser168 and Ser172 sites, causing its degradation and releasing the repression by ERF13 on LR emergence. In summary, VIK‐mediated auxin signaling regulates LR development by enhancing the protein stability of LBD18 and inducing the degradation of ERF13, respectively.
Enhanced Ferromagnetism and Tunable Magnetic Anisotropy in a van der Waals Ferromagnet
Authors: Gao Xin , Zhai Kun , Fu Huixia , Yan Junxin , Yue Dongdong , Ke Feng , Zhao Ying , Mu Congpu , Nie Anmin , Xiang Jianyong , Wen Fusheng , Wang Bochong , Xue Tianyu , Wang Lin , Yuan Hongtao , Liu Zhongyuan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract2D van der Waals (vdW) magnets have recently emerged as a promising material system for spintronic device innovations due to their intriguing phenomena in the reduced dimension and simple integration of magnetic heterostructures without the restriction of lattice matching. However, it is still challenging to realize Curie temperature far above room temperature and controllable magnetic anisotropy for spintronics application in 2D vdW magnetic materials. In this work, the pressure‐tuned dome‐like ferromagnetic‐paramagnetic phase diagram in an iron‐based 2D layered ferromagnet Fe3GaTe2 is reported. Continuously tunable magnetic anisotropy from out‐of‐plane to in‐plane direction is achieved via the application of pressure. Such behavior is attributed to the competition between intralayer and interlayer exchange interactions and enhanced DOS near the Fermi level. The study presents the prominent properties of pressure‐engineered 2D ferromagnetic materials, which can be used in the next‐generation spintronic devices.
Feasibility and predictive factors on the completion of docetaxel plus S‐1 adjuvant chemotherapy in pathological stage III gastric cancer
Authors: Terayama Masayoshi , Ohashi Manabu , Yamaguchi Kensei , Takahari Daisuke , Makuuchi Rie , Hayami Masaru , Ida Satoshi , Kumagai Koshi , Sano Takeshi , Nunobe Souya 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe standard adjuvant chemotherapy regimen for stage III gastric cancer is docetaxel plus S‐1 (DS) based on the results of the START‐II trials. However, in clinical practice some patients could not continue this intensive doublet chemotherapy because of limited tolerability. This study aimed to assess the practical feasibility of DS and elucidate the predictive factors for the completion of adjuvant DS therapy.MethodsData from consecutive patients who underwent radical gastrectomy between 2018 and 2021 and were diagnosed with histopathologically confirmed stage III gastric cancer were retrospectively collected. First, the completion rate and adverse effects of DS were assessed. Second, the association between DS incompletion and patient backgrounds including body weight, skeletal muscle index (SMI), and intramuscular adipose content (IMAC) were examined.ResultsOf 87 patients, 59 patients (67.8%) completed DS and dose reduction was required in 18 patients (20.6%). Neutropenia of grade 3 or higher was the most common hematological toxicity observed (17.2%). The most frequent nonhematological toxicity of grade 3 or higher was fatigue (6.9%), followed by diarrhea (5.7%), nausea (4.5%), and anorexia (4.5%). In a multivariate analysis, low SMI (p = 0.005) and high IMAC (p = 0.004) were significant risk factors for DS incompletion.ConclusionsDS adjuvant chemotherapy after radical gastrectomy for pathological stage III gastric cancer is acceptable, even in clinical practice, with respect to completion and toxicity. Additionally, the body composition factors such as SMI and IMAC might be useful in predicting incompletion of DS. These findings will help us to preoperatively select patients for DS.
Steric hindrance induced low exciton binding energy enables low‐driving‐force organic solar cells
Authors: Hu Tianyu , Zheng Xufan , Wang Ting , Saparbaev Aziz , Gao Bowen , Wu Jingnan , Xiong Jingyi , Wan Ming , Cong Tingting , Li Yuda , Wang Ergang , Wang Xunchang , Yang Renqiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractExciton binding energy (Eb) has been regarded as a critical parameter in charge separation during photovoltaic conversion. Minimizing the Eb of the photovoltaic materials can facilitate the exciton dissociation in low‐driving force organic solar cells (OSCs) and thus improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE); nevertheless, diminishing the Eb with deliberate design principles remains a significant challenge. Herein, bulky side chain as steric hindrance structure was inserted into Y‐series acceptors to minimize the Eb by modulating the intra‐ and intermolecular interaction. Theoretical and experimental results indicate that steric hindrance‐induced optimal intra‐ and intermolecular interaction can enhance molecular polarizability, promote electronic orbital overlap between molecules, and facilitate delocalized charge transfer pathways, thereby resulting in a low Eb. The conspicuously reduced Eb obtained in Y‐ChC5 with pinpoint steric hindrance modulation can minimize the detrimental effects on exciton dissociation in low‐driving‐force OSCs, achieving a remarkable PCE of 19.1% with over 95% internal quantum efficiency. Our study provides a new molecular design rationale to reduce the Eb.
Carbonic Anhydrase Variants Catalyze the Reduction of Dialkyl Ketones with High Enantioselectivity
Authors: Chen Reichi , Kayrouz Colby S. , McAmis Eli , Clark Douglas S. , Hartwig John F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHuman carbonic anhydrase II (hCAII) naturally catalyzes the reaction between two achiral molecules—water and carbon dioxide—to yield the achiral product carbonic acid through a zinc hydroxide intermediate. We have previously shown that a zinc hydride, instead of a hydroxide, can be generated in this enzyme to create a catalyst for the reduction of aryl ketones. Dialkyl ketones are more challenging to reduce, and the enantioselective reduction of dialkyl ketones with two alkyl groups that are similar in size and electronic properties, is a particularly challenging transformation to achieve with high activity and selectivity. Here, we show that hCAII, as well as a double mutant of it, catalyzes the enantioselective reduction of dialkyl ketones with high yields and enantioselectivities, even when the two alkyl groups are similar in size. We also show that variants of hCAII catalyze the site‐selective reduction of one ketone over the other in an unsymmetrical aliphatic diketone. Computational docking of a dialkyl ketone to variants of hCAII containing the zinc hydride provides insights into the origins of the reactivity of various substrates and the high enantioselectivity of the transformations and show how a confined environment can control the enantioselectivity of an abiological intermediate.