bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotection by dietary restriction and the PPAR transcription complex
Authors: Mobbs Charles , Moreno Cesar , Kim Esther , Ekasumara Nydia , Marcellino Bridget 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAlthough the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases is distinct for each disease, considerable evidence suggests that a single manipulation, dietary restriction, is strikingly protective against a wide range of such diseases. Thus pharmacological mimetics of dietary restrictions could prove widely protective across a range of neurodegenerative diseases. The PPAR transcription complex functions to re-program gene expression in response to nutritional deprivation as well as in response to a wide variety of lipophilic compounds. In mammals there are three PPAR homologs, which dimerize with RXR homologs and recruit coactivators Pgc1-alpha and Creb-binding protein (Cbp). PPARs are currently of clinical interest mainly because PPAR activators are approved for use in humans to reduce lipidemia and to improve glucose control in Type 2 diabetic patients. However, pharmacological enhancement of the activity of the PPAR complex is neuroprotective across a wide variety of models for neuropathological processes, including stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Huntington’s disease. Conversely activity of the PPAR transcriptional complex is reduced in a variety of neuropathological processes. The main mechanisms mediating the neuroprotective effects of the PPAR transcription complex appear to be re-routing metabolism away from glucose metabolism and toward alternative subtrates, and reduction in inflammatory processes. Recent evidence suggests that the PPAR transcriptional complex may also mediate protective effects of dietary restriction on neuropathological processes. Thus this complex represents one of the most promising for the development of pharmacological treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Les dieux du fr. 128 d'Empédocle et le mythe des races
Authors: Picot Jean-Claude 
Published: August 2012

Résumé Dans le fr. 128 DK d’Empédocle, Empédocle nomme cinq dieux en opposition à Cypris : Arès, Kudoimos, Zeus, Cronos, Poséidon. Pourquoi ces cinq dieux ? Quelle relation peuvent-ils entretenir avec le mythe hésiodique des cinq races, qui semble être en arrière-plan du propos d’Empédocle ? Pourquoi Poséidon est-il présent à côté de Zeus et non pas Aïdôneus ? L’article tente de répondre à ces questions. Pour finir, il s’interroge sur la relation possible des hommes de l’âge de Cypris et des daimones (fr. 115 DK), et conclut sur la place du fr. 128 dans l’œuvre d’Empédocle.
La sagesse et les pouvoirs du mystérieux τις du fragment 129 d'Empédocle
Authors: Macris Constantinos , Skarsouli Pénélope 
Published: August 2012

Résumé Le fragment 129 d’Empédocle fait état du savoir prodigieux et du pouvoir des prapides d’un Super-Sage du passé en qui les sources citatrices et les interprètes modernes reconnaissent trop facilement Pythagore de Samos. Le but de la présente étude est de reprendre à nouveaux frais l’examen de ces six vers afin d’ouvrir le débat autour de la sagesse et des pouvoirs attribués à la figure anonyme du Super-Sage. Interprétant « Empédocle à partir d’Empédocle », mais aussi à l’aide des références culturelles majeures de son temps, on essaie d’examiner quel type de sagesse était attribué à cette figure par le poète philosophe, de quelles conditions, physiologiques ou autres, relève l’acquisition de cette dernière et en quoi consiste son caractère exceptionnel.
Die invloed van nate op die loop van die Oranjerivier in die omgewing van die Augrabieswaterval Nasionale Park
Authors: Slabbert M. J , Malherbe S. J 
Published: August 2012

wee duidelike, bykans vertikale noord- en ooswaarts-
neigende naatstelsels is goed ontwikkel dwarsdeur die Augrabieswaterval Nasionale Park. Die twee hoofvloeirigtings van die rivier stem ooreen met die orientasie van die naatstelsels. Die tralievormige vioeipatroon van die rivier kan hiervolgens verklaar word. Hierdie nate tesame met ondergeskikte nate en verskuiwings kan ook sekere geomorfologiese verskynsels in die park verklaar.

Two distinct, near-vertical, north- and east-trending joint sets are well developed throughout the Augrabies Falls National Park. The two main flow directions of the river are in accordance to the orientation of these joints. The lattice-type flow pattern of the river can therefore be explained by their influence. These joints together with subordinate joints and faults could explain some of the geomorphological features within the park.
A preliminary investigation of the Marine Ichthyofauna in the Tsitsikamma Coastal National Park
Authors: Buxton C.D , Smale M.J 
Published: August 2012

Sixty-five species representing 29 families were re-
corded in a survey of the marine ichthyofauna of the Tsitsikamma Coastal National Park. Visual assessments of the composition of the fish communities at three inshore reef types indicated differences in the species composition and size of fishes present. Areas which are closed to fishing protect many species important to the South African linefishery whereas a recent seaward extension of the park boundary in 1983 will also include areas inhabited by species important to the demersal trawl fishery.
Abstracts of papers from the Rhinoceros Conservation Workshop, Skukuza, Kruger National Park,31 August – 4 September 1988
Authors: Office Editorial 
Published: August 2012

The following abstracts is included:

1.) Finances: the vital factor in rhinoceros
conservation

2.) Towards a black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis
translocation strategy to meet the aims of the
conservation plan for the species in South Africa
and the TBVC states

3.) Status, history and performance of black
rhinoceros Diceros bicornis populations in South
Africa, the TBVS states and Namibia

4.) Distribution and monitoring of black rhinoceros
Diceros bicornis populations in Zimbabwe

5.) Census and marking systems for black rhinoceros
Diceros bicornis with special reference to Zulu-
land game reserves

6.) The Auxiliary Game Guard System in northwestern
Namibia and its role in black rhinoceros
Diceros bicornis conservation

7.) Black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis capture and
translocation techniques as used in Etosha
National Park

8.) The role of non-governmental organisations in
black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis conservation in
Africa

9.) Development of an intelligence/information
network to counter poaching and the illegal trade
in trophies
Meaningful contexts or dead mock reality: Which form will the everyday take?
Authors: Sethole Godfrey 
Published: August 2012

This paper describes the experiences of two teachers, Bulelwa and Kevin, who attempt to take on board the notion of incorporating the everyday into the mathematics, as the new South African Curriculum requires. Both of them, though in different ways, attempt to accommodate the two discourses, namely mathematics and the everyday. Because of their own different experiences and the different values they place on the everyday in mathematics, they handle the incorporation of the everyday quite differently. The paper argues that the practical experiences of these teachers provide insight into some of the practical challenges teachers have to negotiate in order to provide legitimacy for the everyday in mathematics.
Implementing the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Standards: A slow process
Authors: Furner Joseph M. 
Published: August 2012

The purpose of this study was to look at inservice teachers’ pedagogical beliefs about the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Standards (1989 & 2000). The Standards’ Belief Instrument (Zollman and Mason, 1992) was administered on teachers. An ANOVA was used to look for a significant difference between teachers with five years or less experience of teaching mathematics, and those with more than five years teaching experience. One expectation was that teachers who are recent graduates of teacher education programmes may have more training on the NCTM Standards. Although there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups, this study did support the expectation. Current training with in-service teachers shows that many of the teachers are familiar with neither the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics nor their Standards. It seems then from this study that the implementation process of the NCTM Standards, and perhaps any standards or best practices and new curriculum implementation, is very sluggish.
Perturbating the assessment of individuals and groups: Listening for challenges to mathematics teacher educators
Authors: Breen Chris 
Published: August 2012

In this article I begin by focusing on different ways in which the term assessment can be understood and practised. Having done this, I turn my gaze onto one particular teacher education situation and explore student teacher assessment as they are prepared for a career in teaching. In describing some of the particular ways in which I try to heighten the awareness of this particular group of student teachers regarding assessment and evaluation, I reflect on the experience and pose questions for teacher educators in general to consider about their own practice.
Official pedagogic identities from South African policy – some implications for mathematics teacher education practice
Authors: Parker Diane 
Published: August 2012

In South Africa the National Curriculum Statement for Grades 10 – 12 (General): Mathematics (DoE, 2003) together with the Norms and Standards for Educators (DoE, 2000a) are key policy documents that provide the official basis for mathematics education reform and for the construction of new pedagogic identities. In this paper I use a framework based on the work of Bernstein (1996, 2000) to theorise the construction of pedagogic identities. I use this to build on Graven’s (2002) description of the new official pedagogic identity of the South African mathematics teacher, and on Adler et al. (2002) and others to raise questions related to teacher knowledge and the challenges of developing specialist mathematics teacher identities through initial teacher education programmes.
Mathematical Literacy: Myths, further inclusions and exclusions
Authors: Julie Cyril 
Published: August 2012

Mathematical Literacy as a new subject in the final three years (grades 10 to 12) of schooling in South Africa is discussed. The discussion is driven by debates and deliberations around the introduction of Mathematical Literacy as they emerged in the public domain and constructs emanating from a diverse field of literature related to both mathematics and mathematical literacy. In particular the National Curriculum Statement Grades 10 to 12: Mathematical Literacy is held in focus and somewhat mirrored against Critical Mathematical Literacy. It is concluded that there should be guarding against Mathematical Literacy degenerating into a 21st century form of arithmetic.
Teacher education for Mathematical Literacy: A modelling approach
Authors: Brown Bruce , Schäfer Marc 
Published: August 2012

The introduction of Mathematical Literacy into the Further Education and Training (FET) curriculum in South Africa has brought with it formidable challenges to teacher education in this field. This paper attempts to unravel some pertinent issues arising in the training of Mathematical Literacy teachers, using an approach based on mathematical modelling. It does this by discussing the design and implementation of an ACE(ML), an Advanced Certificate in Education, specialising in Mathematical Literacy teaching.
Focus on the statistical education of prospective engineers in South Africa
Authors: Zewotir Temesgen , North Delia 
Published: August 2012

The paper deals with the teaching of statistics to engineering students at tertiary level in South Africa. A number of suggestions are made in order to improve the statistical education of engineering students, thus potentially enabling future prospective engineers to optimise the power of statistics in their profession. Though the focus here is on suggesting ways to improve the statistical education of engineers at tertiary level, current changes in the school curriculum are eluded to, as this adds another dimension to early statistical education of future engineers.
An investigation into the mathematics performance of Grade 6 learners in South Africa
Authors: Kotzé Gary S. , Strauss Japie. P. 
Published: August 2012

The aim of this article is to investigate mathematics performance of intermediate phase learners. The quality of learners’ scholastic achievement in mathematics are analysed based on the empirical evidence obtained from an international survey. The method of inquiry is based on an analysis of existing statistic-al data concerning present-oriented problems. The effects of particular variables on mathematics learn-ing are explored, such as male and female learners and those from less advantaged social backgrounds. Overall performance and competence levels are analysed. Although there are no outstanding contributing factors that influence mathematics achievement of grade 6 learners in South Africa conclusions are drawn that may influence school system organisation and also the quality of mathematics teaching.
Description and impact of a distance mathematics course for Grade 10 to 12 teachers
Authors: Stols Gerrit , Olivier Alwyn , Grayson Diane 
Published: August 2012

This paper explores the impact of a one-year in-service distance education mathematics course that follows a problem-solving approach. The course aims to develop teachers’ mathematical thinking skills. Results show that the course improved the teachers’ confidence, problem-solving skills and teaching skills. Results also show that the course on mathematical thinking skills helps to improve teachers’ understanding of mathematics content.
The experience of cross-cultural peer teaching for a group of mathematics learners
Authors: Fox Tracey D , Vos Natasha B , Geldenhuys Johanna L 
Published: August 2012

Despite the post-1994 government’s efforts to put the necessary legislation in place and to work hard to reform the education system in South Africa and improve standards, inequalities still exist in many schools. Instead of focusing on the barriers to learning in schools, this paper, within the framework of the asset-based approach, describes the experiences of learners involved in a cross-cultural peer teaching initiative between a privileged private school and a township school in Port Elizabeth. The aim of the project was to explore the possible advantages of cross-cultural peer tutoring of certain sections of the new Mathematics curriculum for both the tutors and tutees, especially to see whether the township learners’ understanding of the learning content could be improved. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were used to collect the data. The results showed that the township learners’understanding of the mathematic topics dealt with during the peer teaching session was enhanced and that both groups gained from the cross-cultural peer teaching interaction.
Dialogue in mathematics classrooms: Beyond question-and- answer methods
Authors: Brodie Karin 
Published: August 2012

This paper explores different kinds of interaction observed in South African mathematics classrooms in order to unpack the notion of participation in mathematics learning. It argues that conventional question-and-answer methods do not promote the kind of interaction that the new South African curriculum calls for. It presents more appropriate kinds of interactions, where teachers maintain high task demands, respond to genuine learner questions and support conversations among learners. The paper argues that combinations of different kinds of interaction are most likely to support learner participation and mathematical thinking in classrooms.
Depictions of females and males in Mozambican and Victorian (Australia) primary mathematics textbooks
Authors: Murimo Adelino Evaristo , Forgasz Helen 
Published: August 2012

The depiction of females and males in Mozambican Primary Mathematics textbooks for grades 6 and 7 were examined, and comparisons made with Victorian (Australia) textbooks for years 5 and 6. It was found that mathematics learning was portrayed as a male domain in the Mozambican textbooks, reflecting what used to be the case with Australian texts of the 1970s, although there are some differences between the two countries that may be culturally based. The Victorian textbooks depicted mathematics learning as a domain for all children, and in the majority of categories examined, females and males were distributed fairly evenly. Compared to earlier reported findings, there was a general improvement in the portrayal of females in Victorian textbooks.
Investigating a scaffold to code‐switching as strategy in multilingual classrooms
Authors: Vorster Hannatjie 
Published: August 2012

There is an urgent need to find strategies to assist multilingual learners who are taught by means of English as the language of teaching and learning (LoLT) in coping with subject matter, especially as learners show different levels of English proficiency. One important strategy is code‐switching. The possibility of using a glossary, notes and tests given in English and Setswana as scaffold for the code‐switching, was investigated in a qualitative study. An intervention was launched in a region where the main language is Setswana. Two schools participated in the study, one school in a rural area and the other in a township. The teaching of a geometry unit was undertaken in which notes, a glossary and tests in English and Setswana were used to assist the learners. The teachers used a strategy of code‐switching. Interviews withthe learners and the teachers revealed that learners had a positive attitude towards the use of both languages in written work. In contrast, the teachers had mixed feelings, especially about the use of mathematical terminology in Setswana. Difficulties experienced and positive features regarding the use of new Setswana terminology are discussed.
The potential of teacher development with Geometer’s Sketchpad
Authors: Stols Gerrit , Mji Andile , Wessels Dirk 
Published: August 2012

In this paper we document the advantages of utilising technology to enhance teachers’ instructional activities. In particular we showcase the potential and impact that the use of Geometer’s Sketchpad may have on the teaching and learning of geometry at school. A series of five, two-hour teacher development workshops in which Geometer’s Sketchpad was used were attended by 12 Grade 11 and 12 teachers. The findings revealed that teachers had a better understanding of the same geometry that they initially disliked. This finding was supported by a quantitative analysis which showed a positive change in the understanding of and beliefs about geometry from when the teachers started to the end of the workshops.
Fiscal stimulation of human capital and resultant economic growth in South Africa
Authors: Van Zyl Gerhardus , Bonga-Bonga Lumengo 
Published: August 2012

Shift-share analysis of employment as a measuring instrument for human resource management is proposed by this study. The results obtained through this technique can assist human resource
management on the macro-level in making informed and strategic decisions regarding future employment practices and trends. This technique is often applied to studies of economic geography,
and is illustrated in this article through its application to the estimation of future employment potential of manufacturing industries of South Africa’s Southern District Municipality. The economy in this region is mainly dependent on gold mining, which is declining as gold reserves are becoming depleted. As a result, a large section of the area’s population will be unemployed in future, causing adversity and other development needs. Shift-share analysis provides insight into the shifts of employment in the various sectors over time, as well as insight into the national share effect on employment in the region, including the regional-industrial mix and the competitive share effects. It was found that the
sectors with the highest employment creation potential are: transport equipment, wood and paper products, metal products, and furniture. Some suggestions are also made regarding the ways that this information can be utilised in human resource management.
The non-social world of work - a personal view point. The effect of physical factors shiftwork and overtime on job performance
Authors: Van der Merwe R. 
Published: August 2012

Attention is drawn to the relative neglect by industrial psychologists in recent years of the effect of certain non-social factors in the work situation. These include physical conditions of work, hours, overtime and shiftwork. Recent South African research into shiftwork among Black and Coloured workers is described and it is suggested that worker reaction in the form of withdrawal should be regularly monitored through statistics of absenteeism and labour turnover. Data collected over a period of years have supported the hypothesis that patterns of withdrawal within particular organisations show stability and are related to "non-social" factors within the organisations. OpsommingAandag word gevestig daarop dat bedryfsielkundiges relatief min klem lê op die invloed van sekere "nie-sosiale" faktore in die werksituasie. Dit sluit veral fisiese werksomstandighede, werksure, oortyd en skofwerk in. Onlangse Suid-Afrikaanse navorsing onder Swart- en Kleurlingwerkers word beskryf en daar word aanbeveel dat werkerreaksie teenoor die faktore gereeld gemeet word deur statistiek van afwesigheid en arbeidsomset te verkry en te ontleed. Data oor 'n tydperk van jare ingesamel, wys daarop dat patrone van onttrekking binne spesifieke organisasies min of meer stabiel is en steun die hipotese dat nie-sosiale faktore binne die organisasie grotendeels hiervoor verantwoordelik is
Die verband tussen enkele dimensies van loopbaanankers, pospersepsie en gehalte van werklewe
Authors: Schreuder A. M. G. , Flowers J. 
Published: August 2012

The relationship between certain dimensions of career anchors, job perceptions and quality of work life. The career anchors and job perceptions of a sample of 258 employees in various types of organizations (private, semistate and state) were examined. A significant link was found between the respondents' career anchors and corresponding job perception; after which a test for differences in quality of working life between the fit and non-fit group was carried out. It was only for those respondents whose dominant career anchor was job security that significant differences (p < 0,5) were found and the fit group had a significantly higher score. The implications of these findings on career planning for the individual and the firm are examined. Opsomming Die loopbaanankers en pospersepsie van 'n steekproef van 258 werknemers in verskillende tipes organisasies (privaat, semi-staat en staat) is ondersoek. 'n Betekenisvolle verband is tussen die proefpersone se loopbaanankers en pospersepsie verkry, waarna vir verskille in gehalte van werklewe tussen die passings- en nie-passingsgroep getoets is. Dit is slegs by daardie respondente waar die dominante loopbaananker werksekuriteit is dat beduidende verskille (p < 0,05) gevind is en die passingsgroep 'n beduidende hoer telling behaal het. Die implikasies van die bevindings ten opsigte van loopbaanbeplanning vir die individu en onderneming word bespreek.