bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensing the Emergence of New Structure in Matter and Life and Its Impact on Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, in a Light-Based Quantum Computational Model
Authors: Malik Pravir 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRecognition of new patterns in layers of matter and life is heavily dependent on the foundational schema or model that animates a sensing computational system. A symmetrical, fourfold light-based quantum computational model that links together layers such as quantum particles and molecular plans in cells, among other layers is positioned as the schema required to model a range of existing and even emerging patterns in and across levels. Fourfoldness in the model—related to four parts of a single pattern—stipulates the default way in which pattern recognition occurs. When conditions in the model are fulfilled such that the fourfoldness has reached a threshold level, then a fifth property implicit in the model surfaces, which allows specific emerging categories of patterns related to fivefoldness to be recognized. The prerequisite condition for such recognition is related to fourfold meta-function in source layers being more easily reflected in the external layers of the model, which morphs the mathematics of the model itself, to allow patterns related to the implicit or fifth property to also be recognized. Therefore, dynamics that we associate with space, time, energy, gravity, or the layer of quantum particles, or the layer of atoms, or the layer of molecular plans, can be parsed in terms of fourfold patterns, subsequently allowing the possibility of recognition of emerging patterns related to fivefoldness. Recognition of such patterns will provide additional insight into the changing physics, chemistry, and biology of target systems.
VOTUM: Secure and Transparent E-Voting System
Authors: Egocheaga Joaquin , Angulo William , Salas Cesar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractElections are an essential part of citizens’ rights, and they are also conducted in universities and colleges to ensure transparent selection of ideal authorities while preventing identity fraud and information loss among voters. It is worth noting that Internet voting has gained significant attention in recent years, with many organizations worldwide planning to experiment with and implement it. To address these challenges, we propose VOTUM, a free fraud e-voting system that incorporates two authentication methods: facial recognition and one-time password (OTP). Additionally, the system employs two cryptographic algorithms to encrypt voters’ information throughout the voting process and generates a unique code to verify the successful casting of votes. VOTUM's design is creative, flexible, colorful, and animated, aiming to encourage students and professors to fulfill their civic duty by participating in elections. Through interviews conducted with 31 students and university professors, we achieved a 90% trust level and a 15% margin of error to assess satisfaction with transparency, trust, and user experience within the VOTUM system. The results indicated a satisfaction level of over 90%, showing the significant contribution of this research in enhancing trust and transparency in the voting processes of universities and colleges.
Simulation and Fault Diagnostics Using I–V and P–V Curve Tracing
Authors: Mashiloane Kabelo , Le Roux Peet F. , Richards Coneth G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLocalization of problems continues to be very difficult, especially in large-scale photovoltaic (PV) systems. Especially for small-scale PV plants, the layout of PV systems significantly impacts the efficiency of detection systems. Due to faults occurring within PV arrays, this paper aims to highlight the value of fault detection in PV systems through I–V curve features. This is achieved by simulating models using MATLAB/Simulink of normal and faulty operations. Investigating faults in solar PV arrays is critical in improving PV systems’ dependability, effectiveness, and safety. A quick and efficient way to determine the actual performance of solar PV modules or strings is to use the I–V curve. To guarantee a PV installation's operational dependability, fault detection is essential. Identifying and detecting faults, particularly in installations of solar systems, remains a major difficulty. The paper proposes an effective fault detection and identification method that uses PV array I–V curve analysis.
Building Equitable Research Partnerships: Learning From a Community Climate Resilience Grant Program
Authors: Cann K. , Leichenko R. , Herb J. , Kaplan M. , Howell N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCalls for the co‐production of climate knowledge and services are increasingly prominent in research and funding proposals, including within federally funded programs. While co‐production has led to more accessible and relevant climate services for frontline communities, scholars have identified numerous barriers to equitable relationships and outcomes within co‐production partnerships. In an effort to support the development of climate services through equitable research partnerships, the Consortium for Climate Risk in the Urban Northeast, a NOAA Climate Adaptation Partnership team, collaboratively designed and launched the Community Climate Resilience (CCR) Grant competition in 2022. The CCR program serves to provide funding and build capacity among community‐based organizations (CBOs) responding to climate variability in historically disinvested communities in the urban Northeast, as well as foster co‐production partnerships between the organizations and local university‐based researchers. This paper assesses the design and implementation of the program based on data collected through a survey of research partners, discussions with key stakeholders, and observation of relevant project meetings. Despite the incorporation of lessons from similar co‐production projects, program designers found several persistent impediments to equitable partnerships, including time constraints, funding limitations, and burdensome institutional requirements. We reflect on these challenges and offer strategies for overcoming barriers to equitable partnerships, including streamlining funding pass‐through structures, increasing transparency in funding competitions, promoting flexible funding options, and fostering communities of practice among CBOs and university partners. The findings are relevant for researchers and practitioners implementing equity‐focused co‐production partnerships and small grant programs in climate services and related fields.
The Predictability of the Downward Versus Non‐Downward Propagation of Sudden Stratospheric Warmings in S2S Hindcasts
Authors: Nebel David M. , Garfinkel Chaim I. , Cohen Judah , Domeisen Daniela I. V. , Rao Jian , Schwartz Chen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRoughly one‐third of sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events lack a strong canonical surface response, and this can lead to a forecast bust if a strong response was predicted. Hence, it is desirable to predict before SSW onset if an event will propagate downward. The predictability of the downward response of SSWs is considered in seven subseasonal‐to‐seasonal forecast models for 16 major SSWs between 1998 and 2022, a larger sample size than considered by previous works. The models successfully predict before SSW onset which SSWs have a stronger downward response to 100 hPa, however they struggle to predict which have a stronger tropospheric response. The downward response is stronger if the magnitude of the deceleration of the 10 hPa winds is more accurately predicted. Downward response is stronger for split and absorbing SSWs. In contrast, there is little relationship between SSWs whose onset can be predicted at earlier leads and the downward response.
Distributionally robust sequential load restoration of distribution system considering random contingencies
Authors: Shen Yangwu , Shen Feifan , Jin Heping , Li Ziqian , Huang Zhongchu , Xie Yunyun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNatural disasters would destroy power grids and lead to blackouts. To enhance resilience of distribution systems, the sequential load restoration strategy can be adopted to restore outage portions using a sequence of control actions, such as switch on/off, load pickup, distributed energy resource dispatch etc. However, the traditional strategy may be unable to restore the distribution system in extreme weather events due to random sequential contingencies during the restoration process. To address this issue, this paper proposes a distributionally robust sequential load restoration strategy to determine restoration actions. Firstly, a novel multi‐time period and multi‐zone contingency occurrence uncertainty set is constructed to model spatial and temporal nature of sequential line contingencies caused by natural disasters. Then, a distributionally robust load restoration model considering uncertain line contingency probability distribution is formulated to maximize the expected restored load amount with respect to the worst‐case line contingency probability distribution. Case studies were carried out on the modified IEEE 123‐node system. Simulation results show that the proposed distributionally robust sequential load restoration strategy can produce a more resilient load restoration strategy against random sequential contingencies. Moreover, as compared with the conventional robust restoration strategy, the proposed strategy yields a less conservative restoration solution.
Specific back pain – effective diagnosis and treatment from the radiologist’s point of view
Authors: Stueckle Christoph Alexander , Haage Patrick 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe diagnosis and treatment of specific back pain is important in radiology. Due to the high number of patients suffering from back pain, it is important to provide excellent diagnostic and therapeutic support.Based on a recent literature search and considering the relevant guidelines as well as expert opinions, the aspects of specific back pain important for radiologists in terms of pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment are presented.Clinical examination in combination with the medical history provides a valid suspected diagnosis. This should subsequently be verified radiologically. MRI is the most effective cross-sectional diagnostic method for investigating specific back pain. A conventional X-ray on two planes in a standing position can be a useful addition if postural causes are suspected. If the clinical symptoms match the morphological findings, radiological treatment can be carried out for nerve root involvement as well as for inflammatory changes of the facet joints. The improvement in symptoms after radiological therapy is considered good overall; at least a short-term improvement in symptoms can generally be achieved, but no reliable data is available regarding the long-term outcome. Using preparations containing triamcinolone, low dosages should be selected in accordance with the guidelines. Embedding in a multimodal pain therapy treatment concept should be considered.Radiology provides essential diagnostic findings regarding specific back pain. Interventional pain therapy is an effective and safe method of treating proven specific back pain.
Das multizentrische Register „Oropharynxkarzinom“ des Deutschen Studienzentrums für HNO – erste Ergebnisse
Authors:   Autorinnen/Autoren,   Collaborators
Published: August 2024

Hintergrund Die Zahl der durch humane Papillomaviren (HPV) verursachten oropharyngealen Plattenepithelkarzinome (OPSCC) hat in den letzten Jahrzehnten deutlich zugenommen. Es gibt bislang jedoch keine belastbaren Daten über die Häufigkeit von HPV-assoziiertem OPSCC in Mitteleuropa und dessen Behandlung.
Ziel der Arbeit Die epidemiologische Erfassung von Patienten mit OPSCC und des Anteils der p16-positiven Tumoren in der Deutschen Krebsgesellschaft (DKG) zertifizierten Kopf-Hals-Tumorzentren.
Material und Methoden Um die Evidenzlücke der Häufigkeit von p16-positiven OPSCC zu schließen, wurde ein multizentrisches Register eingerichtet, das Patienten mit OPSCC im deutschsprachigen Raum pseudonymisiert erfasst. Die Datenerfassung erfolgt prospektiv mit Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap).
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden in den Jahren 2022–2023 1312 Patienten mit einem OPSCC aus 34 Zentren eingeschlossen. Bei 720 Patienten (58,2 %) konnte p16 im Tumor nachgewiesen werden. Die häufigsten Lokalisationen der p16-positiven OPSCC waren mit 49,9 % die Tonsille und mit 28,7 % der Zungengrund. 63,1 % der p16-positiven OPSCC wurden primär chirurgisch behandelt, wohingegen nur 48,0 % der p16-negativen Tumoren primär operiert wurden. Bei der adjuvanten Therapie von OPSCC zeigen sich ebenfalls deutliche Unterschiede: 58 % der p16-negativen OPSCC erhielten keine adjuvante Therapie nach Operation, verglichen mit nur 37,1 % der p16-positiven OPSCC.
Schlussfolgerung Der Start der Oropharynx-Registerstudie verlief reibungslos. Dieses Register gibt bereits jetzt einen Einblick in die aktuelle Versorgungssituation von OPSCC im deutschsprachigen Raum und wird durch die Teilnahme weiterer Zentren an Bedeutung gewinnen.
Repeated Sprint Variations According to Circadian Rhythm at Different
Menstrual Cycle Phases
Authors: Kulaksız Tugba Nilay , Koşar Şükran Nazan , Hazir Tahir , Kin-Isler Ayse 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study assessed the repeated sprint performance in relation to circadian
rhythm during different menstrual cycle phases (MCP). Twelve volunteer
eumenorrheic women team sport athletes performed 5×6-s cycling sprints in
morning (9 am to 10 am) and evening (6 pm to 7 pm) sessions during the
mid-follicular (FP, 6th–10th d) and luteal phases (LP,
19th–24th d). Body weight, oral body temperature,
resting heart rate and lactate levels together with estradiol, progesterone and
cortisol levels were determined before tests. Relative peak and mean power and
performance decrements were determined as performance variables and maximum
heart rate, lactate and ratings of perceived exertion were determined as
physiological variables. Evening body temperatures were significantly higher.
Cortisol levels were higher in the morning and in the FP. Resting lactate levels
did not vary with MCP or time of day, but a significant MCP x time of day
interaction was observed. Body weight showed no change according to time of day
and MCP. There was no significant effect of MCP and time of day on performance
and physiological variables, in contrast, maximum lactate values were notably
higher in the evening. In conclusion, MCP and time of day need not be considered
during repeated sprint exercises of eumenorrheic women athletes.
Severe Flexor Digitorum Profundus Muscular Adhesion by Pseudo-Volkmann's Contracture without Fracture: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Kim Jae Woo , Kim Jong Chan , Koh Sung Hoon , Kim Jin Soo , Roh Si Young , Lee Kyung Jin , Lee Dong Chul 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVolkmann's ischemic contracture is a condition characterized by permanent ischemic damage to muscles and nerves due to vascular insufficiency, resulting in flexion contractures of the affected limb. In contrast, pseudo-Volkmann's contracture presents with similar clinical features but lacks ischemic damage and has the potential for complete recovery. We report a case of a 39-year-old man who developed failure of extension in the middle and ring fingers of the left hand following blunt forearm trauma from a rolling machine. Despite no skin breakage or fracture, his symptoms progressively worsened over 2 months without treatment. Surgical exploration 2 years later revealed severe adhesions of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle at the myotendinous junction to the ulnar periosteum, with immediate recovery after release. This case highlights pseudo-Volkmann's contracture in an adult without fracture, likely due to blunt trauma causing delayed adhesion formation.
Dihydromyricetin Improves High Glucose-Induced Dopaminergic Neuronal
Damage by Activating AMPK-Autophagy Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Qi , Song Zhenjiang , Peng Liting , Feng Shuidong , Zhan Kebin , Ling Hongyan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction In recent years, a growing number of clinical and biological
studies have shown that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at
increased risk of developing Parkinson’s disease (PD). Prolonged exposure to
hyperglycemia results in abnormal glucose metabolism, which in turn causes
pathological changes similar to PD, leading to selective loss of dopaminergic
neurons in the compact part of the substantia nigra. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is a
naturally occurring flavonoid with various biological activities including
antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties. In this study, the effect of DHM on
high glucose-induced dopaminergic neuronal damage was investigated.
Methods The potential modulatory effects of DHM on high glucose-induced
dopaminergic neuronal damage and its mechanism were studied.
Results DHM ameliorated high glucose-induced dopaminergic neuronal damage
and autophagy injury. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine abrogated the
beneficial effects of DHM on high glucose-induced dopaminergic neuronal damage.
In addition, DHM increased levels of p-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and
phosphorylated UNC51-like kinase 1. The AMPK inhibitor compound C eliminated
DHM-induced autophagy and subsequently inhibited the ameliorative effects of DHM
on high glucose-induced dopaminergic neuronal damage.
Discussion DHM ameliorates high glucose-induced dopaminergic neuronal
damage by activating the AMPK-autophagy pathway.
Can optical evaluation distinguish between T1a and T1b esophageal adenocarcinoma: an international expert interobserver agreement study
Authors: Gupta Sunil , Mandarino Francesco Vito , Shahidi Neal , Hourigan Luke F. , Messmann Helmut , Wallace Michael B. , Repici Alessandro , Dinis-Ribeiro Mario , Haber Gregory B. , Taylor Andrew C.F. , Waxman Irving , Siersema Peter D. , Pouw Roos E. , Lemmers Arnaud , Bisschops Raf , Mosko Jeffrey D. , Teshima Christopher , Ragunath Krish , Rösch Thomas , Pech Oliver , Beyna Torsten , Sharma Prateek , Lee Eric Y. T. , Burgess Nicholas G. , Bourke Michael J. ,   on behalf of the study working group
Published: August 2024

Background Piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is an acceptable technique for T1a esophageal adenocarcinoma, but en bloc R0 excision is advocated for T1b disease as it may offer a potential cure and mitigate recurrence. Thus, distinguishing between T1a and T1b disease is imperative under current treatment paradigms. We investigated whether expert Barrett’s endoscopists could make this distinction based on optical evaluation.
Methods Endoscopic images of histologically confirmed high grade dysplasia (HGD), T1a, and T1b disease (20 sets for each) were compiled from consecutive patients at a single institution. Each set contained four images including an overview, a close-up in high definition white light, a near-focus magnification image, and a narrow-band image. Experts predicted the histology for each set.
Results 19 experts from 8 countries (Australia, USA, Italy, Netherlands, Germany, Canada, Belgium, and Portugal) participated. The majority had been practicing for > 20 years, with a median (interquartile range) annual case volume of 50 (18–75) for Barrett’s EMR and 25 (10–45) for Barrett’s endoscopic submucosal dissection. Esophageal adenocarcinoma (T1a/b) could be distinguished from HGD with a pooled sensitivity of 89.1 % (95 %CI 84.7–93.4). T1b adenocarcinoma could be predicted with a pooled sensitivity of 43.8 % (95 %CI 29.9–57.7). Fleiss’ kappa was 0.421 (95 %CI 0.399–0.442; P < 0.001), indicating fair-to-moderate agreement.
Conclusions Expert Barrett’s endoscopists could reliably differentiate T1a/T1b esophageal adenocarcinoma from HGD. Despite fair-to-moderate agreement for T staging, T1b disease could not be reliably distinguished from T1a disease. This may impact clinical decision making and selection of endoscopic techniques.
Sociodemographic Differences in Perspectives on Postpartum Symptom Reporting
Authors: Benda Natalie C. , Masterson Creber Ruth M. , Scheinmann Roberta , Nino de Rivera Stephanie , Pimentel Eric Costa , Kalish Robin B. , Riley Laura E. , Hermann Alison , Ancker Jessica S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective The overall goal of this work is to create a patient-reported outcome (PRO) and decision support system to help postpartum patients determine when to seek care for concerning symptoms. In this case study, we assessed differences in perspectives for application design needs based on race, ethnicity, and preferred language.
Methods A sample of 446 participants who reported giving birth in the past 12 months was recruited from an existing survey panel. We sampled participants from four self-reported demographic groups: (1) English-speaking panel, Black/African American race, non-Hispanic ethnicity; (2) Spanish-speaking panel, Hispanic-ethnicity; (3) English-speaking panel, Hispanic ethnicity; (4) English-speaking panel, non-Black race, non-Hispanic ethnicity. Participants provided survey-based feedback regarding interest in using the application, comfort reporting symptoms, desired frequency of reporting, reporting tool features, and preferred outreach pathway for concerning symptoms.
Results Fewer Black participants, compared with all other groups, stated that they had used an app for reporting symptoms (p = 0.02), were least interested in downloading the described application (p < 0.05), and found a feature for sharing warning sign information with friends and family least important (p < 0.01). Black and non-Hispanic Black participants also preferred reporting symptoms less frequently as compared with Hispanic participants (English and Spanish-speaking; all p < 0.05). Spanish-speaking Hispanic participants tended to prefer calling their professional regarding urgent warning signs, while Black and English-speaking Hispanic groups tended to express interest in using an online chat or patient portal (all p < 0.05)
Conclusion Different participant groups described distinct preferences for postpartum symptom reporting based on race, ethnicity, and preferred languages. Tools used to elicit PROs should consider how to be flexible for different preferences or tailored toward different groups.
Less Is More: The Role of Mesh in Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction with Abdominal Flaps
Authors: Liu Farrah C. , Najafali Daniel , Nguyen Dung , Momeni Arash 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background The use of mesh to reinforce the abdominal wall after abdominal flap harvest has been reported to decrease the risk of bulging and herniation. However, the impact of the plane of mesh placement in relation to the anterior rectus sheath (vs. no mesh) on postoperative abdominal complications remains unclear.
Methods We retrospectively analyzed the length of stay and clinical outcomes in 158 female patients who underwent breast reconstruction with 250 free abdominal flaps. Group 1 consisted of patients who underwent polypropylene sublay–onlay (“sandwich”) mesh placement (N = 70) versus polypropylene sublay–only mesh (group 2; N = 54) versus primary fascial repair without mesh (group 3; N = 34).
Results Patient demographics and comorbidities were comparable between study groups, except for rates of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (group 1: 53% vs. group 2: 33% vs. group 3: 24% [p < 0.01]), postoperative follow-up in months (group 1: 21.5; group 2: 11.5; group 3: 7.6 [p < 0.01]), and length of stay in days (group 1: 4.9 vs. group 2: 4.4 vs. group 3: 3.3 [p < 0.01]). No differences were observed in breast flap and donor-site complications between study groups. Patients in group 3 required significantly lower oral morphine equivalent units postoperatively compared with those in groups 1 and 2 (group 1:185.5 vs. group 2: 79.7 vs. group 3: 71.6 [p < 0.01]).
Conclusion Abdominal donor-site closure without mesh was associated with a shorter length of stay and less narcotic intake without an increase in donor-site complications. These findings should be considered when deciding to place mesh for donor-site closure after abdominal flap harvest.