bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BMP-2 can promote the osteogenic differentiation of human endometrial stem cells
Authors: Ai Jafar , Azizi Ebrahim , Shamsian Azam , Eslami Akram , Khoshzaban Ahad , Ebrahimi-Barough Somayeh , Ai Armin , Alizadeh Aliakbar 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: Human endometrial-derived stem cells (hEnSCs) as multipotent accessible source of cells are known as useful cell candidates in the field of bone tissue engineering. However, the effect of bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) as an osteoinductive growth factor has not been clearly ascertained.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of the remarkable osteoinductive growth factor BMP-2, on promotion of osteogenic differentiation in hEnSCs.
Methods: Endometrial biopsies were obtained from healthy women referred to the hospital for infertility treatment. After tissue digestion in collagenase, the isolated endometrial cells were expanded in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% FBS. The propagated cells were characterized based on the expression of endometrial (CD90, CD105), endothelial (CD31), and hematopoietic (CD34, CD133) stem cell markers. Cells were differentiated in osteogenic medium containing DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS, 10 nM dexamethasone, 50 μg/ml Ascorbic acid, and 10 mM β-glycerophosphate in the presence or absence of BMP-2 for 21 days. Alizarin red staining was performed to verify the matrix mineralization. Immunocytochemical staining was conducted to detect the expression of OCT-4, CD133, and osteopontin as well as osteocalcin. The expression of osteoblast transcripts, including osteopontin, osteonectin, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were analyzed by semi quantitative PCR.
Results: The expanded EnSCs were spindle shaped. They were positive for the expression of Oct-4, CD90, and CD105, while they were negative for endothelial and hematopoietic markers. The matrix mineralization was confirmed by Alizarin red in both groups at day 21. Although the expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin was detected in both groups by immunological staining, the expression of osteocalcin was more intense in the presence of BMP-2. ALP, Osteonectin and osteopontin transcripts were expressed in all groups; however, the expression of ALP and osteopontin was upregulated in the presence of BMP-2.
Conclusion: BMP-2 as an osteoinductive growth factor, could promote the osteogenic differentiation of EnSCs in vitro.
Isolated right atrial rupture because of external cardiac massage after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Yavuz Senol , Eris Cuneyt , Toktas Faruk , Goncu Tugrul , Ata Yusuf , Turk Tamer 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: Isolated right atrial rupture is a very rare catastrophic complication of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Objective: We described a rare case of right atrial rupture after external cardiac massage.
Methods: We reported the case of a 62-year-old male patient who developed excessive bleeding following external cardiac massage for sudden cardiac arrest in the intensive care unit after coronary artery bypass grafting.
Results: This man underwent successful emergency repair of the tear of the right atrium without using cardiopulmonary bypass.
Conclusion: Right atrial rupture can occur after external cardiac massage. An emergency repair is needed.
Analytic description of the image to patient torso registration problem in image guided interventions
Authors: Ferrari Vincenzo , Moglia Andrea , Ferrari Mauro 
Published: August 2015

Objective: The accurate registration of virtual pre-operative information of the human body anatomy, obtained as images with imaging devices, with real intra-operative information is one of the key aspects on which effective Image Guided Surgery (IGS) is based. The registration of pre-operative images on the real patient, during abdominal and thoracic interventions, is influenced by many parameters, which in many cases are influenced each other, thus making it often difficult to define the problem and consequently to solve it for each specific kind of intervention. The objective of this paper is to obtain an analytic description of the 3D image to patient registration problem, which can be more intuitive than the traditional textual descriptions. Methods: The problem is formalized and various parameters affecting the registration are macro-classified in function of their nature. Results: The problem is analytically described discussing for each macro-category of parameters potential solutions to avoid or to reduce their contribution to the registration error. Conclusions: The availability of an analytic description of the image to patient torso registration problem can be beneficial for teaching IGS, to describe existing registration strategies, and to search new ones for each kind of surgery using a systematic approach.
Russo e italiano nei contatti linguistici: immagini riflesse
Authors: Liudmila L'vovna Fedorova  , Michela Bolognani  
Published: August 2015

The paper aims to enlighten the image of Italy through Russian and the image of Russia through Italian in the mutual lexical input of languages. Language contacts affect borrowing words from a language-donor by a recipient language; the choice of loan words can tell something about the donor to the recipient. The analysis was based on the data of dictionaries and on the experimental inquiry. As dictionaries show, loan words pertain mostly to the passive lexicon of a recipient language, though in different proportions in Russian and in Italian. The results of experiment reveal active lexical items which create the respective stereotype images; they can focus on the spheres of nowadays interest and can serve as labels for tourist business.
“The Past Is a Foreign Country”: History as Representation in the Writings of William Darlymple
Authors: David Edward Gibbons  
Published: August 2015

The work of William Dalrymple reflects a series of transformations, from straightforward travel writing, through more complex and profound encounters with the places and people of various Eastern nations, in particular India, to what most recently might best be described as narrative history. While such depth would be out of place in tourist discourse, some of it – the historical dimension in particular – is unusual even for travel writing. Despite the increasing specialization, however, Dalrymple’s approach has if anything become less elitist in nature; he has even been known to offer his services providing guest lectures on Indian history to select tour parties. His choice of history as his preferred method of representation in theory allows his chosen cultures to represent themselves. In practice, however, it tends to result in a reduced emphasis on the other, and the figure of the first-person narrator, ostensibly relegated to the background, proves to be more resilient than anticipated. Possibly the main theme of Dalrymple’s work as a whole is his own cultural development, from callow travel writer to culturally sensitive historical commentator.
Identifying cosmological perturbations in group field theory condensates
Authors: Gielen Steffen 
Published: August 2015

AbstractOne proposal for deriving effective cosmological models from theories of quantum gravity is to view the former as a mean-field (hydrodynamic) description of the latter, which describes a universe formed by a ‘condensate’ of quanta of geometry. This idea has been successfully applied within the setting of group field theory (GFT), a quantum field theory of ‘atoms of space’ which can form such a condensate. We further clarify the interpretation of this mean-field approximation, and show how it can be used to obtain a semiclassical description of the GFT, in which the mean field encodes a classical statistical distribution of geometric data. In this sense, GFT condensates are quantum homogeneous geometries that also contain statistical information about cosmological inhomogeneities. We show in the isotropic case how this information can be extracted from geometric GFT observables and mapped to quantities of observational interest. Basic uncertainty relations of (non-commutative) Fourier transforms imply that this statistical description can only be compatible with the observed near-homogeneity of the Universe if the typical length scale associated to the distribution is much larger than the fundamental ‘Planck’ scale. As an example of effective cosmological equations derived from the GFT dynamics, we then use a simple approximation in one class of GFT models to derive the ‘improved dynamics’ prescription of holonomy corrections in loop quantum cosmology.
Free-stream coherent structures in growing boundary layers: a link to near-wall streaks
Authors: Deguchi Kengo , Hall Philip 
Published: August 2015

In a recent paper, Deguchi & Hall (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 752, 2014a, pp. 602–625) described a new kind of exact coherent structure which sits at the edge of an asymptotic suction boundary layer at high values of the Reynolds number $Re$. At a distance $\ln Re$ from the wall, the structure is driven by the fully nonlinear interaction of tiny rolls, waves and streaks convected downstream at almost the free-stream speed. The interaction problem satisfies the unit-Reynolds-number three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations and is localized in a layer of the same depth as the unperturbed boundary layer. Here, we show that the interaction problem is generic to any boundary layer that approaches its free-stream form through an exponentially small correction. It is shown that away from the layer where it is generated the induced roll–streak flow is dominated by non-parallel effects which now play a major role in the streamwise evolution of the structure. The similarity with the parallel boundary layer case is restricted only to the layer where it is generated. It is shown that non-parallel effects cause the structure to persist only over intervals of finite length in any growing boundary layer and lead to a flow structure reminiscent of turbulent boundary layer simulations. The results found shed light on a possible mechanism to couple near-wall streaks with coherent structures located towards the edge of a turbulent boundary layer. Some discussion of how the mechanism adapts to a three-dimensional base flow is given.
A new record of the pliosaurBrachauchenius lucasiWilliston, 1903 (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) of Turonian (Late Cretaceous) age, Morocco
Authors: ANGST D. , BARDET N. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe site of Goulmima (south Morocco) is well known for its rich marine fauna of Turonian age (Late Cretaceous). It has yielded a large variety of invertebrates but also of vertebrate taxa, represented by actinopterygians and marine reptiles including Plesiosauria (Sauropterygia) and Mosasauroidea (Squamata). The Plesiosauria are known so far by two major clades of Plesiosauroidea: the Elasmosauridae (Libonectes atlasenseBuchy, 2005) and the Polycotylidae (Thililua longicollis, Bardet, Suberbiola & Jalil, 2003a;Manemergus angirostrisBuchy, Metayer & Frey, 2005). Here we describe a new specimen of plesiosaur found in the same outcrop, differing from those previously cited and belonging to the other large plesiosaur clade, the Pliosauroidea. Comparison of this specimen with other Plesiosauria shows that it belongs toBrachauchenius lucasiWilliston (1903), a species previously known only from the Cenomanian–Turonian stages of the Western Interior Seaway of North America and in the upper Barremian succession of northern South America (Colombia). The description of this species on a contemporaneous site of North Africa significantly expands its palaeobiogeographic distribution. This discovery confirms the affinities between marine faunas of the Western Interior Seaway and those of North Africa at this time, and also permits a better understanding of the palaeobiology of the Goulmima outcrop. A discussion about the systematical status ofPolyptychodonOwen, 1841 is also provided.
Why not believe in an evil God? Pragmatic encroachment and some implications for philosophy of religion
Authors: SCRUTTON ANASTASIA PHILIPPA 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPointing to broad symmetries between the idea that God is omniscient, omnipotent, and all-good, and the idea that God is omniscient, omnipotent, but all-evil, the evil-God challenge raises the question of why theists should prefer one over the other. I respond to this challenge by drawing on a recent theory in epistemology, pragmatic encroachment, which asserts that practical considerations can alter the epistemic status of beliefs. I then explore some of the implications of my argument for how we do philosophy of religion, arguing that practical and contextual as well as alethic considerations are properly central to the discipline.
Manipulating the banana rhizosphere microbiome for biological control of Panama disease
Authors: Xue Chao , Ryan Penton C. , Shen Zongzhuan , Zhang Ruifu , Huang Qiwei , Li Rong , Ruan Yunze , Shen Qirong 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPanama disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense infection on banana is devastating banana plantations worldwide. Biological control has been proposed to suppress Panama disease, though the stability and survival of bio-control microorganisms in field setting is largely unknown. In order to develop a bio-control strategy for this disease, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to assess the microbial community of a disease-suppressive soil. Bacillus was identified as the dominant bacterial group in the suppressive soil. For this reason, B. amyloliquefaciens NJN-6 isolated from the suppressive soil was selected as a potential bio-control agent. A bioorganic fertilizer (BIO), formulated by combining this isolate with compost, was applied in nursery pots to assess the bio-control of Panama disease. Results showed that BIO significantly decreased disease incidence by 68.5%, resulting in a doubled yield. Moreover, bacterial community structure was significantly correlated to disease incidence and yield and Bacillus colonization was negatively correlated with pathogen abundance and disease incidence, but positively correlated to yield. In total, the application of BIO altered the rhizo-bacterial community by establishing beneficial strains that dominated the microbial community and decreased pathogen colonization in the banana rhizosphere, which plays an important role in the management of Panama disease.
CRISPR/Cas9-based generation of knockdown mice by intronic insertion of artificial microRNA using longer single-stranded DNA
Authors: Miura Hiromi , Gurumurthy Channabasavaiah B , Sato Takehito , Sato Masahiro , Ohtsuka Masato 
Published: August 2015

AbstractKnockdown mouse models, where gene dosages can be modulated, provide valuable insights into gene function. Typically, such models are generated by embryonic stem (ES) cell-based targeted insertion, or pronuclear injection, of the knockdown expression cassette. However, these methods are associated with laborious and time-consuming steps, such as the generation of large constructs with elements needed for expression of a functional RNAi-cassette, ES-cell handling, or screening for mice with the desired knockdown effect. Here, we demonstrate that reliable knockdown models can be generated by targeted insertion of artificial microRNA (amiRNA) sequences into a specific locus in the genome [such as intronic regions of endogenous eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 (eEF-2) gene] using the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/Crispr associated 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system. We used in vitro synthesized single-stranded DNAs (about 0.5-kb long) that code for amiRNA sequences as repair templates in CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis. Using this approach we demonstrate that amiRNA cassettes against exogenous (eGFP) or endogenous [orthodenticle homeobox 2 (Otx2)] genes can be efficiently targeted to a predetermined locus in the genome and result in knockdown of gene expression. We also provide a strategy to establish conditional knockdown models with this method.
A Broadly Cross-protective Vaccine Presenting the Neighboring Epitopes within the VP1 GH Loop and VP2 EF Loop of Enterovirus 71
Authors: Xu Longfa , He Delei , Yang Lisheng , Li Zhiqun , Ye Xiangzhong , Yu Hai , zhao Huan , Li Shuxuan , Yuan Lunzhi , Qian Hongliu , Que Yuqiong , Kuo Shih James Wai , Zhu Hua , Li Yimin , Cheng Tong , Xia Ningshao 
Published: August 2015

AbstractHuman enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) are the major etiological agents of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and are often associated with neurological complications. Currently, several vaccine types are being developed for EV71 and CA16. In this study, we constructed a bivalent chimeric virus-like particle (VLP) presenting the VP1 (aa208-222) and VP2 (aa141-155) epitopes of EV71 using hepatitis B virus core protein (HBc) as a carrier, designated HBc-E1/2. Immunization with the chimeric VLPs HBc-E1/2 induced higher IgG titers and neutralization titers against EV71 and CA16 in vitro than immunization with only one epitope incorporated into HBc. Importantly, passive immunization with the recombinant HBc-E2 particles protected neonatal mice against lethal EV71 and CA16 infections. We demonstrate that anti-VP2 (aa141-155) sera bound authentic CA16 viral particles, whereas anti-VP1 (aa208-222) sera could not. Moreover, the anti-VP2 (aa141-155) antibodies inhibited the binding of human serum to virions, which demonstrated that the VP2 epitope is immunodominant between EV71 and CA16. These results illustrated that the chimeric VLP HBc-E1/2 is a promising candidate for a broad-spectrum HFMD vaccine and also reveals mechanisms of protection by the neighboring linear epitopes of the VP1 GH and VP2 EF loops.
Nuclear receptor RORα regulates pathologic retinal angiogenesis by modulating SOCS3-dependent inflammation
Authors: Sun Ye , Liu Chi-Hsiu , SanGiovanni John Paul , Evans Lucy P. , Tian Katherine T. , Zhang Bing , Stahl Andreas , Pu William T. , Kamenecka Theodore M. , Solt Laura A. , Chen Jing 
Published: August 2015

Significance
Pathologic retinal neovascularization commonly causes blindness. Retinoic-acid-receptor–related orphan receptor alpha (RORα), a lipid-sensing nuclear receptor, is genetically associated with the risk of developing neovascular eye disease in humans. We demonstrate that RORα expression was highly increased in a mouse model of oxygen-induced proliferative retinopathy with pathologic neovessels. Both genetic deficiency and pharmacologic inhibition of RORα suppressed pathologic retinal neovascularization in mice with dampened inflammation. RORα transcriptionally regulated suppressors of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), a negative mediator of macrophage function and inflammation. Suppression of SOCS3 attenuated the protective effects of RORα inhibition in retinopathy. Our data demonstrate an important role of RORα in controlling pathologic retinal neovascularization and suggest that RORα may represent a druggable target for treating ocular neovascularization.
Associative dimension in World Heritage: an analysis of criterion (vi)
Authors: Herrmann Judith , Cameron Christina 
Published: August 2015

Purpose– This paper is based on a presentation given at the international World Heritage expert meeting on criterion (vi) held in Warsaw, Poland, in March 2012. Results were updated and adapted to scientific standards. The purpose of this paper is to understand the associative dimension in World Heritage by looking at the evolution and application of criterion (vi).Design/methodology/approach– For this paper, historical and qualitative approaches were combined. An understanding of the evolution of the criterion (vi) wording was gained through historical analysis and the consultation of relevant World Heritage statutory documents. A selected number of criterion (vi) statements were analyzed in qualitative terms. Results were then discussed in relation to the evolution of criterion (vi) wording and the understanding of pertinent World Heritage concepts.Findings– Criterion (vi) holds a special position. It addresses an associative dimension of cultural World Heritage sites. Due to its special character, its wording was subject to several changes. While its wording became ever more flexible, this development has not fostered the inscription of exceptional cases or the equal use of cultural associations. An inconsistent interpretation has also weakened the concept of Outstanding Universal Value.Research limitations/implications– Only inscriptions were taken into consideration. They usually have a World Heritage Committee approved criterion (vi) statement. Limitations to this research result from this restriction.Originality/value– The paper represents a comprehensive study of the application and interpretation of criterion (vi) that combines the understanding of the evolution of the criterion’s wording with the analysis of a large number of World Heritage inscriptions. It is of interest to the World Heritage community and contributes to the World Heritage discourse.
Does outcome quality matter? An investigation in the context of banking services in an emerging market
Authors: Jain Sonali , Jain Sanjay K. 
Published: August 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to measure outcome quality in banks in India and to make a comparative assessment of its influence on customer service quality perceptions. Though both functional quality (i.e. how service is delivered) and outcome quality (i.e. what is delivered) are important aspects of service quality, it is the functional quality which has primarily been the focus of past studies.

Design/methodology/approach
– The data used in the study are based on a survey of bank customers located in Delhi and National Capital Region. Using the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, validity and dimensionality of the multi-item functional and outcome quality scales used in the study were assessed. A structural model of relationships of functional and outcome quality with overall service quality was tested through use of the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach.

Findings
– The study finds outcome quality as being a significant and major determinant of customer service quality perceptions in banks. Inclusion of outcome quality in the analysis is, moreover, found to be helpful in capturing more exhaustively the variations present in customer overall service quality perceptions.

Research limitations/implications
– Both the functional and outcome quality in the study have been measured through scales adapted from past studies. But the same have not been found able to fully capture variations in customer service quality perceptions. More psychometrically sound scales to measure functional and outcome quality are needed. Studies in both the developing and developed countries and additional service sectors are called for to increase the generalizability of the study findings. Furthermore, nomological validity of the outcome quality scale needs to be investigated by relating it with other anent constructs, such as customer satisfaction and their behavioral intentions.

Practical implications
– Instead of simply remaining preoccupied with functional quality, i.e. process or how part of service delivery, bank management also needs to gauze customer outcome quality perceptions (i.e. what the customers think they are eventually getting out of their transactions with the service provider) and exercise due care to see that customers in fact are getting the core banking tasks performed for which they approach the banks in the first instance.

Originality/value
– Present study is first of its kind in investigating role of outcome quality in banking services sector in the context of an emerging market like India. Use of SEM for analyzing both the measurement and structural models constitutes another noteworthy feature of the study.