bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Functional Outcome of Assertive Outreach for Patients With Schizophrenic Disorder: Results of a Quasi-Experimental Controlled Trial
Authors: Kästner D. , Büchtemann D. , Warnke I. , Radisch J. , Baumgardt J. , Giersberg S. , Kopke K. , Moock J. , Kawohl W. , Rössler W. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe majority of studies support modern assertive health service models. However, the evidence is limited for parts of continental Europe, as well as for the pharmacological adherence outcome parameter.MethodWe conducted a quasi-experimental controlled trial including adult patients with a schizophreniform disorder and a maximum of 60 points on the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF). Interventions (n= 176) and controls (TAU,n= 142) were assessed every six-month within one year in 17 study practices in rural areas. Mental and functional state were rated using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the GAF. Functional limitations and pharmacological adherence were patient-rated using the WHO-Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODAS–II) and the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS). We computed multilevel mixed models.ResultsThe GAF and BPRS of both groups improved significantly, yet the increase in the intervention group was significantly higher. In contrast, patient-rated variables – WHODAS–II and MARS – neither showed a stable temporal improvement nor a difference between groups.ConclusionOur findings only partly support the investigated AO intervention, because of conflicting results between clinician- and patient-ratings. Accordingly, the benefits of AO need to be further evaluated.
Saying no to the glow: When consumers avoid arrogant brands
Authors: Munichor Nira , Steinhart Yael 
Published: May 2015

AbstractArrogant brands have a multifaceted influence on consumers: Although consumers appreciate arrogant brands as reflecting high status and quality, arrogance can also make consumers feel inferior. Consumers whose self is a priori threatened may consequently “say no to the glow” and avoid arrogant brands. Results from six experiments using fictitious or actual arrogant brands show that when consumers experience prior self‐threat, they may avoid brands that convey arrogance in favor of a competing, less‐arrogant alternative. Such avoidance helps self‐threatened consumers restore their self‐perceptions and feel better about themselves.
Prevalence of Posterior Shoulder Subluxation in Children With Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy After Early Full Passive Range of Motion Exercises
Authors: Justice Denise , Rasmussen Lynnette , Di Pietro Michael , Chang Kate W.‐C. , Murphy Susan L. , Nelson Virginia S. , Yang Lynda J.‐S. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackgroundChildren with neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) are often prescribed shoulder range of motion (ROM) exercises; however, the extent and timing of exercise implementation remains controversial in the context of shoulder joint integrity. The association of ROM exercises to delayed posterior shoulder subluxation (PSS) is unknown.ObjectiveTo determine prevalence of PSS in children with NBPP who began full passive ROM exercises before 6 months of age, and characteristics associated with development or absence of PSS in children.DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingTertiary care NBPP referral center.ParticipantsForty‐six children with NBPP, aged 24‐57 months, who began full ROM exercises before 6 months of age.MethodsOne radiologist conducted bilateral shoulder ultrasound (US) on each child to evaluate for PSS. One occupational therapist evaluated each child clinically for PSS using defined parameters without knowledge of US results.Main Outcome MeasuresBy US, 20% of children had PSS; 46% had PSS by clinical examination. Shoulder active ROM limitations and history of shoulder surgery were associated with presence of PSS. Extent of NBPP was not associated with PSS.ResultsNine of 46 children (20%) met US criteria for PSS; α angle was 58° ± 21° (mean ± standard deviation [SD]). Twenty‐one children (46%) met clinical criteria. Mean age at examination was 35 ± 10 months. Shoulder active ROM (P ≤ .004) was associated with PSS, whereas passive ROM was not (P ≥ .08). History of secondary shoulder surgery and primary nerve graft repair were associated with PSS (P = .04). Extent of NBPP by Narakas classification was not associated with PSS (P = .48).ConclusionsEarly use of full‐arc passive ROM home exercise program is not associated with increased prevalence of PSS in children with NBPP compared to prevalence of PSS in published literature. We suggest careful clinical examination, based on defined criteria, provides a reasonable screening examination for evaluating PSS that can be confirmed by noninvasive US.
Disability Stage is an Independent Risk Factor for Mortality in Medicare Beneficiaries Aged 65 Years and Older
Authors: Hennessy Sean , Kurichi Jibby E. , Pan Qiang , Streim Joel E. , Bogner Hillary R. , Xie Dawei , Stineman Margaret G. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackgroundStages of activity limitation based on activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) have been found to predict mortality in persons aged 70 years and older but have not been examined in Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years and older using data that are routinely collected.ObjectiveTo examine the association between functional stages based on items of ADLs and IADLs with 3‐year mortality in Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years and older, accounting for baseline sociodemographics, health status, smoking, subjective health, and psychological well‐being.DesignA cohort study using the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) and associated health care utilization data.SettingCommunity administered survey.ParticipantsThe study included 9698 Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years and older who participated in the MCBS in 2005‐2007.Main Outcome MeasuresDeath within 3 years of cohort entry.ResultsThe overall mortality rate was 3.6 per 100 person years, and 3‐year cumulative mortality was 10.3%. Unadjusted 3‐year mortality was monotonically associated with both ADL stage and IADL stage. Adjusted 3‐year mortality was associated with ADL and IADL stages, except that in some models the hazard ratio for stage III (which includes persons with atypical activity limitation patterns) was numerically lower than that for stage II.ConclusionWe found nearly monotonic relationships between ADL and IADL stage and adjusted 3‐year mortality. These findings could aid in the development of population health approaches and metrics for evaluating the success of alternative economic, social, or health policies on the longevity of older adults with activity limitations.
The missing links between emotional job demand and exhaustion and satisfaction: testing a moderated mediation model
Authors: Wang Wenyan , Yin Hongbiao , Huang Shenghua 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAlthough emotional labor in the workplace has been of increasing interest to researchers, the complete process of emotional labor has seldom been systematically analyzed. This paper explores the links between emotional job demand and its psychological effects on employees, with a particular focus on the mediation of emotional labor strategies and the moderation of social support. The results of a survey of 679 Chinese employees in the service sector reveal that emotional job demand significantly increases emotional exhaustion and reduces job satisfaction. Two emotional labor strategies, surface acting and deep acting, partially mediate these associations. Social support significantly moderates the relationships between deep acting and emotional job demand and its psychological effects, but does not do so for surface acting. Suggestions are offered accordingly for organizations wishing to reduce the negative influence of emotional labor on employees and improve the efficiency of service enterprises.
In vitro selenium accessibility in pet foods is affected by diet composition and type
Authors: van Zelst Mariëlle , Hesta Myriam , Alexander Lucille G. , Gray Kerry , Bosch Guido , Hendriks Wouter H. , Du Laing Gijs , De Meulenaer Bruno , Goethals Klara , Janssens Geert P. J. 
Published: May 2015

Se bioavailability in commercial pet foods has been shown to be highly variable. The aim of the present study was to identify dietary factors associated with in vitro accessibility of Se (Se Aiv) in pet foods. Se Aiv is defined as the percentage of Se from the diet that is potentially available for absorption after in vitro digestion. Sixty-two diets (dog, n 52; cat, n 10) were in vitro enzymatically digested: fifty-four of them were commercially available (kibble, n 20; pellet, n 8; canned, n 17; raw meat, n 6; steamed meat, n 3) and eight were unprocessed (kibble, n 4; canned, n 4) from the same batch as the corresponding processed diets. The present investigation examined if Se Aiv was affected by diet type, dietary protein, methionine, cysteine, lysine and Se content, DM, organic matter and crude protein (CP) digestibility. Se Aiv differed significantly among diet types (P< 0·001). Canned and steamed meat diets had a lower Se Aiv than pelleted and raw meat diets. Se Aiv correlated positively with CP digestibility in extruded diets (kibbles, n 19; r 0·540, P =0·017) and negatively in canned diets (n 16; r − 0·611, P =0·012). Moreover, the canning process (n 4) decreased Se Aiv (P =0·001), whereas extrusion (n 4) revealed no effect on Se Aiv (P =0·297). These differences in Se Aiv between diet types warrant quantification of diet type effects on in vivo Se bioavailability.
Changes in attitudes toward wolves before and after an inaugural public hunting and trapping season: early evidence from Wisconsin's wolf range
Authors: HOGBERG JAMIE , TREVES ADRIAN , SHAW BRET , NAUGHTON-TREVES LISA 
Published: May 2015

SUMMARYIn many areas, wildlife managers are turning to hunting programmes to increase public acceptance of predators. This study examines attitudes measured before and after a hunting and trapping season (wolf hunt) in Wisconsin (WI), USA, and casts some doubt on whether such programmes actually promote public acceptance. In Wisconsin, attitudes toward wolves (Canis lupus) were recorded before and after the inaugural regulated wolf hunt. Measuring longitudinal changes is particularly important in assessing management interventions. The attitudes of 736 previous respondents were resampled in 2013. Changes in individual responses to statements about emotions, behavioural intentions, beliefs, and attitudes toward wolves and wolf management between 2009 and 2013 were assessed using a nine-item scaled variable called ‘tolerance’. Although the majority (66%) of wolf range respondents approved of the decision to hold the hunt, the results indicate a negative trend in attitudes toward wolves among male respondents and hunters living in wolf range, both before and after the state's first legal hunt, suggesting that hunting was not associated with an increase in tolerance for the species after one year. Tolerance levels among female respondents remained stable throughout the study period.
Fear of falling assessments in older people with dementia
Authors: Cox Chantel , Vassallo Michael 
Published: May 2015

SummaryFear of falling (FoF) is a common condition in older age. However, there is a paucity of research on its prevalence, impact and treatment in older people with dementia. People with dementia have an increased risk of falls which present a significant threat to their independence, as well as having a significant economic impact on health and social services. This review outlines the key issues in relation to FoF, current guidelines and assessment tools and their use for people with dementia. Further research needs to be completed in both addressing the specific assessment barriers that people with dementia may face regarding the use of current FoF tools, with further exploration surrounding the individual's experience of FoF and how this may be impacting upon their quality of life and functionality. Until a well-validated method has been developed, clinicians need to utilize available tools as guidelines, seek the assistance of proxies at all stages of the care journey, and use clinical judgement to assess FoF in patients with dementia.
Maxillofacial Injury—Not Always a Difficult Airway
Authors: Glasheen John , Hennelly David , Cusack Stephen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe optimal method for securing the airway in injured patients is controversial. Maxillofacial injury has been shown to be a marker for difficult airway management; however, a delay in intubation may result in deterioration of intubating conditions due to further airway bleeding and swelling. Decisions on the timing and method of airway management depend on multiple factors, including patient characteristics, the skill set of the clinicians, and logistical considerations. This report describes the case of a multi-agency response to a motor-vehicle collision in a rural area in Ireland. One young male patient had sustained significant maxillofacial injuries, multiple limb injuries, and had a decreased level of consciousness. Further airway compromise occurred following extrication. Difficult intubation was predicted; however, abnormal jaw mobility from bilateral mandibular fractures enabled easy laryngoscopy and intubation. Although preparation must be made for difficult airway management in the setting of maxillofacial injury, appropriately trained and experienced practitioners should not be deterred from performing early intubation when indicated.GlasheenJ,HennellyD,CusackS.Maxillofacial injury – not always a difficult airway.Prehosp Disaster Med.2015;30(4):1–4.
Acculturation and dietary patterns among residents of Surinamese origin in the Netherlands: the HELIUS dietary pattern study
Authors: Sturkenboom Suzanne M , Dekker Louise H , Lamkaddem Majda , Schaap Laura A , de Vries Jeanne HM , Stronks Karien , Nicolaou Mary 
Published: May 2015

AbstractObjectiveInsight into the role of acculturation in dietary patterns is important to inform the development of nutrition programmes that target ethnic minority groups. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate how the adherence to dietary patterns within an ethnic minority population in the Netherlands varies by acculturation level compared with the host population.DesignCross-sectional study using data of the HELIUS study. Dietary patterns were assessed with an ethnic-specific FFQ. Acculturation was operationalized using unidimensional proxies (residence duration, age at migration and generation status) as well as on the basis of the bidimensional perspective, defined by four distinct acculturation strategies: assimilation, integration, separation and marginalization.SettingAmsterdam, the Netherlands.SubjectsParticipants of Dutch (n 1370) and Surinamese (n 1727) origin.ResultsThree dietary patterns were identified: (i) ‘noodle/rice dishes and white meat’ (traditional Surinamese pattern); (ii) ‘red meat, snacks and sweets’; and (iii) ‘vegetables, fruit and nuts’. Surinamese-origin respondents adhered more to the traditional Surinamese pattern than the other dietary patterns. Neither the unidimensional proxies nor the bidimensional acculturation strategies demonstrated consistent associations with dietary patterns.ConclusionsThe lack of consistent association between acculturation and dietary patterns in the present study indicates that dietary patterns are quite robust. Understanding the continued adherence to traditional dietary patterns when developing dietary interventions in ethnic minority groups is warranted.
Food waste in campus dining operations: Inventory of pre- and post-consumer mass by food category, and estimation of embodied greenhouse gas emissions
Authors: Costello Christine , Birisci Esma , McGarvey Ronald G. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThere are many economic, social and environmental reasons to reduce the occurrence of food that is wasted. As communities consider options for managing their food waste streams, an understanding of the volume, composition and variability of these streams is needed to inform the decision-making process and potentially justify the capital investments needed for separation and treatment operations. This more detailed inventory also allows for the estimation of embodied resources in food that is wasted, demonstrated herein for greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). Pre- and post-consumer food waste was collected from four all-you-care-to-eat Campus Dining Services (CDS) facilities at the University of Missouri, Columbia over 3 months in 2014. During the study period approximately 246.3 metric tons (t) of food reached the retail level at the four facilities. 232.4 t of this food was served and 13.9 t of it (10.1 t of edible and 3.8 t of inedible), was lost as pre-consumer waste. Over the same time period, an estimated 26.4 t of post-consumer food waste was generated at these facilities, 21.2 t of the waste edible and 5.3 t of it inedible. Overall, 5.6% of food reaching the retail level was lost at the pre-consumer stage and 10.7% was lost at the post-consumer stage. Out of the food categories examined, ‘fruits and vegetables’ constituted the largest source of food waste by weight, with grains as the second largest source of food waste by weight. GHGs embodied in edible food waste were calculated. Over the study period an estimated 11.1 t CO2e (100-yr) were embodied in the pre-consumer food waste and 56.1 t were embodied in post-consumer food waste for a total of 67.2 t. The ‘meat and protein’ category represents the largest embodiment of GHG emissions in both the pre- and post-consumer categories despite ranking fourth in total weight. Beef represents the largest contribution to post-consumer GHG emissions embodied in food waste with an estimated 34.1 t CO2e. This distinction between the greatest sources of food waste by weight and the greatest sources of GHG emissions is relevant when considering alternative management options for food waste.
Che-1 modulates the decision between cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by its binding to p53
Authors: Desantis A , Bruno T , Catena V , De Nicola F , Goeman F , Iezzi S , Sorino C , Gentileschi M P , Germoni S , Monteleone V , Pellegrino M , Kann M , De Meo P D , Pallocca M , Höpker K , Moretti F , Mattei E , Reinhardt H C , Floridi A , Passananti C , Benzing T , Blandino G , Fanciulli M 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe tumor suppressor p53 is mainly involved in the transcriptional regulation of a large number of growth-arrest- and apoptosis-related genes. However, a clear understanding of which factor/s influences the choice between these two opposing p53-dependent outcomes remains largely elusive. We have previously described that in response to DNA damage, the RNA polymerase II-binding protein Che-1/AATF transcriptionally activates p53. Here, we show that Che-1 binds directly to p53. This interaction essentially occurs in the first hours of DNA damage, whereas it is lost when cells undergo apoptosis in response to posttranscriptional modifications. Moreover, Che-1 sits in a ternary complex with p53 and the oncosuppressor Brca1. Accordingly, our analysis of genome-wide chromatin occupancy by p53 revealed that p53/Che1 interaction results in preferential transactivation of growth arrest p53 target genes over its pro-apoptotic target genes. Notably, exposure of Che-1+/− mice to ionizing radiations resulted in enhanced apoptosis of thymocytes, compared with WT mice. These results confirm Che-1 as an important regulator of p53 activity and suggest Che-1 to be a promising yet attractive drug target for cancer therapy.
A cellular screen identifies ponatinib and pazopanib as inhibitors of necroptosis
Authors: Fauster A , Rebsamen M , Huber K V M , Bigenzahn J W , Stukalov A , Lardeau C-H , Scorzoni S , Bruckner M , Gridling M , Parapatics K , Colinge J , Bennett K L , Kubicek S , Krautwald S , Linkermann A , Superti-Furga G 
Published: May 2015

AbstractNecroptosis is a form of regulated necrotic cell death mediated by receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) and RIPK3. Necroptotic cell death contributes to the pathophysiology of several disorders involving tissue damage, including myocardial infarction, stroke and ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, no inhibitors of necroptosis are currently in clinical use. Here we performed a phenotypic screen for small-molecule inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-induced necroptosis in Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD)-deficient Jurkat cells using a representative panel of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs. We identified two anti-cancer agents, ponatinib and pazopanib, as submicromolar inhibitors of necroptosis. Both compounds inhibited necroptotic cell death induced by various cell death receptor ligands in human cells, while not protecting from apoptosis. Ponatinib and pazopanib abrogated phosphorylation of mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) upon TNF-α-induced necroptosis, indicating that both agents target a component upstream of MLKL. An unbiased chemical proteomic approach determined the cellular target spectrum of ponatinib, revealing key members of the necroptosis signaling pathway. We validated RIPK1, RIPK3 and transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) as novel, direct targets of ponatinib by using competitive binding, cellular thermal shift and recombinant kinase assays. Ponatinib inhibited both RIPK1 and RIPK3, while pazopanib preferentially targeted RIPK1. The identification of the FDA-approved drugs ponatinib and pazopanib as cellular inhibitors of necroptosis highlights them as potentially interesting for the treatment of pathologies caused or aggravated by necroptotic cell death.
The nucleoprotein of influenza A virus induces p53 signaling and apoptosis via attenuation of host ubiquitin ligase RNF43
Authors: Nailwal H , Sharma S , Mayank A K , Lal S K 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe interplay between influenza virus and host factors to support the viral life cycle is well documented. Influenza A virus (IAV) proteins interact with an array of cellular proteins and hijack host pathways which are at the helm of cellular responses to facilitate virus invasion. The multifaceted nature of the ubiquitination pathway for protein regulation makes it a vulnerable target of many viruses including IAV. To this end we conducted a yeast two-hybrid screen to search for cellular ubiquitin ligases important for influenza virus replication. We identified host protein, RING finger protein 43 (RNF43), a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase, as a novel interactor of nucleoprotein (NP) of IAV and an essential partner to induce NP-driven p53-mediated apoptosis in IAV-infected cells. In this study, we demonstrate that IAV leads to attenuation of RNF43 transcripts and hence its respective protein levels in the cellular milieu whereas in RNF43 depleted cells, viral replication was escalated several folds. Moreover, RNF43 polyubiquitinates p53 which further leads to its destabilization resulting in a decrease in induction of the p53 apoptotic pathway, a hitherto unknown process targeted by NP for p53 stabilization and accumulation. Collectively, these results conclude that NP targets RNF43 to modulate p53 ubiquitination levels and hence causes p53 stabilization which is conducive to an enhanced apoptosis level in the host cells. In conclusion, our study unravels a novel strategy adopted by IAV for utilizing the much conserved ubiquitin proteasomal pathway.