bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dead or alive—estimating post-release mortality of Atlantic cod in the recreational fishery
Authors: Weltersbach Marc Simon , Strehlow Harry V. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWeltersbach, M. S., and Strehlow, H. V. 2013. Dead or alive—estimating post-release mortality of Atlantic cod in the recreational fishery. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: 864–872. Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is one of the most important commercial and recreational target species in European marine waters. Recent recreational fisheries surveys revealed that recreational cod catches and release rates are substantial compared to the commercial fishery, particularly in the western Baltic Sea. Despite high release rates, no literature exists exploring the post-release mortality of cod and potential sublethal effects after catch-and-release in recreational fisheries. This study investigates (i) the post-release mortality of undersized cod, (ii) potential factors affecting mortality, and (iii) consequences of the catch-and-release process on cod. During four experimental trials, western Baltic Sea cod were angled from a charter vessel and thereafter observed together with control fish in netpens for 10 d at holding temperatures between 6.2 and 19.8°C. Adjusted mortality rates for angled cod ranged from 0.0–27.3% (overall mean 11.2%). A logistic regression analysis revealed that bleeding and holding-water temperature were the only significant predictors of mortality. Slow hook injury healing (>10 d) and bacterial wound infections were observed in some surviving cod. The results will help to increase the accuracy of recreational cod removal estimates and thereby improve the management of western Baltic cod stock.
Towards sustainable fisheries of the Öresund cod (Gadus morhua) through sub-stock-specific assessment and management recommendations
Authors: Lindegren Martin , Waldo Staffan , Nilsson P. Anders , Svedäng Henrik , Persson Anders 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Lindegren, M., Waldo, S., Nilsson, P. A., Svedäng, H., and Persson, A. 2013. Towards sustainable fisheries of the Öresund cod (Gadus morhua) through sub-stock-specific assessment and management recommendations. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: 1140–1150. Fisheries management traditionally relies on stock assessments assuming discrete populations within large administrational areas. However, failing to account for sub-stock structuring may result in overestimation of the stocks' true harvest potential and unsustainable exploitation of small stock elements. Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) frequently occurs in spatially segregated populations, some of which exhibit fine-scaled stock structuring within current management boundaries. Here we use the locally spawning cod stock in the Sound (“Öresund”) as a case study, and perform a sub-stock-specific assessment to evaluate biological and economic effects of managing the Sound cod as a separate stock. Our results indicate that reducing exploitation pressure, particularly through technical regulations i.e. increasing gill-net mesh sizes, would not only enhance the stock age distribution, but yield long-term net benefits to the local gill-net fishery. Furthermore, our study emphasizes the need for developing sub-stock-specific management recommendations in order to ensure the maintenance of fisheries resources in general, and the persistence of sub-stock structuring in particular.
Evidence for alternative migratory behaviours in the northern Gulf of St Lawrence population of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.)
Authors: Le Bris Arnault , Fréchet Alain , Galbraith Peter S. , Wroblewski Joseph S. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractLe Bris, A., Fréchet, A., Galbraith, P. S., and Wroblewski, J. S. 2013. Evidence for alternative migratory behaviours in the northern Gulf of St Lawrence population of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: 793–804. Inter-individual variation in migration propensity affects population dynamics and connectivity. The diversity of migratory behaviours of Atlantic cod (fork length >40 cm) in the northern Gulf of St Lawrence was studied using data-storage tags that record depth and temperature. Movement patterns of Atlantic cod equipped with data-storage tags were reconstructed using a geolocation model based on daily maximum depth and bottom temperature. Reconstructed migration routes revealed the previously undocumented coexistence of resident and migratory individuals in the population. Migratory cod overwintered in relatively deep (300–500 m) and warm (5°C) waters, while residents displayed a prolonged period of immobility in shallow (<100 m) and near-freezing (–1.5°C) coastal waters of western Newfoundland. In the spring, migratory cod displayed extensive diel vertical migration suggestive of spawning behaviour. The presence of alternative migratory behaviours should be considered in the spatiotemporal management of the collapsed population.
The MossPhyscomitrella patensReproductive Organ Development Is Highly Organized, Affected by the TwoSHI/STYGenes and by the Level of Active Auxin in theSHI/STYExpression Domain
Authors: Landberg Katarina , Pederson Eric R.A. , Viaene Tom , Bozorg Behruz , Friml Jiří , Jönsson Henrik , Thelander Mattias , Sundberg Eva 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIn order to establish a reference for analysis of the function of auxin and the auxin biosynthesis regulators SHORT INTERNODE/STYLISH (SHI/STY) during Physcomitrella patens reproductive development, we have described male (antheridial) and female (archegonial) development in detail, including temporal and positional information of organ initiation. This has allowed us to define discrete stages of organ morphogenesis and to show that reproductive organ development in P. patens is highly organized and that organ phyllotaxis differs between vegetative and reproductive development. Using the PpSHI1 and PpSHI2 reporter and knockout lines, the auxin reporters GmGH3pro:GUS and PpPINApro:GFP-GUS, and the auxin-conjugating transgene PpSHI2pro:IAAL, we could show that the PpSHI genes, and by inference also auxin, play important roles for reproductive organ development in moss. The PpSHI genes are required for the apical opening of the reproductive organs, the final differentiation of the egg cell, and the progression of canal cells into a cell death program. The apical cells of the archegonium, the canal cells, and the egg cell are also sites of auxin responsiveness and are affected by reduced levels of active auxin, suggesting that auxin mediates PpSHI function in the reproductive organs.
Hypopigmentation in Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome
Authors: Wei Ai‐Hua , He Xin , Li Wei 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTHermansky–Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding tendency, and ceroid deposition which often leads to death in midlife. Currently, nine genes have been identified as causative for HPS in humans. Hypopigmentation is the prominent feature of HPS, attributable to the disrupted biogenesis of melanosome, a member of the lysosome‐related organelle (LRO) family. Current understanding of the cargo transporting mechanisms into the melanosomes expands our knowledge of the pathogenesis of hypopigmentation in HPS patients.
A recombinant carboxy‐terminal domain of alpha‐toxin protects mice against Clostridium perfringens
Authors: Nagahama Masahiro , Oda Masataka , Kobayashi Keiko , Ochi Sadayuki , Takagishi Teruhisa , Shibutani Masahiro , Sakurai Jun 
Published: May 2013

AbstractClostridium perfringens alpha‐toxin (CP, 370 residues) is one of the main agents involved in the development of gas gangrene. In this study, the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the C‐terminal domain (CP251‐370) of the toxin and phospholipase C (PLC; CB, 372 residues) of Clostridum bifermentans isolated from cases of clostridium necrosis were examined. The recombinant proteins were expressed as glutathione S‐transferase (GST) fusion proteins. Antibodies that cross‐reacted with alpha‐toxin were produced after immunization with recombinant proteins including GST‐CP251‐370, GST‐CP281‐370, GST‐CP311‐370, CB1‐372 and GST‐CB251‐372. Anti‐GST‐CP251‐370, anti‐GST‐CP281‐370 and anti‐GST‐CP311‐370 sera neutralized both the PLC and hemolytic activities of alpha‐toxin, whereas anti‐CB1‐372 and anti‐GST‐CB251‐372 weakly neutralized these activities. Immunization with GST‐CP251‐370 and GST‐CP281‐370 provided protection against the lethal effects of the toxin and C. perfringens type A NCTC8237. Partial protection from the toxin and C. perfringens was elicited by immunization with GST‐CP311‐370 and CB1‐372. GST‐CP251‐370 and GST‐CP281‐370 are promising candidates for vaccines for clostridial‐induced gas gangrene.
Horizontal gene transfer of a genetic island encoding a type III secretion system distributed in Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Morita Masatomo , Yamamoto Shouji , Hiyoshi Hirotaka , Kodama Toshio , Okura Masatoshi , Arakawa Eiji , Alam Munirul , Ohnishi Makoto , Izumiya Hidemasa , Watanabe Haruo 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTTwelve Vibrio cholerae isolates with genes for a type III secretion system (T3SS) were detected among 110 environmental and 14 clinical isolates. T3SS‐related genes were distributed among the various serogroups and pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis of NotI‐digested genomes showed genetic diversity in these strains. However, the restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles of the T3SS‐related genes had similar patterns. Additionally, naturally competent T3SS‐negative V. cholerae incorporated the ca. 47 kb gene cluster of T3SS, which had been integrated into a site on the chromosome by recombination. Therefore, it is suggested that horizontal gene transfer of T3SS‐related genes occurs among V. cholerae in natural ecosystems.
Molecular epidemiology of Coxsackievirus A16 strains isolated from children in Yamagata, Japan between 1988 and 2011
Authors: Mizuta Katsumi , Abiko Chieko , Aoki Yoko , Ikeda Tatsuya , Matsuzaki Yoko , Hongo Seiji , Itagaki Tsutomu , Katsushima Noriko , Ohmi Akira , Nishimura Hidekazu , Ahiko Tadayuki 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTTo clarify the longitudinal molecular epidemiology of coxsackievirus A16, phylogenetic analysis based on the VP1 region of 220 isolates in Yamagata, Japan was performed. The resultant phylogenetic tree indicates that the Yamagata isolates and reference strains can be readily genotyped into three genogroups, and 0, 12 and 208 isolates belonged to the first, second, and third genogroups, respectively. The first genogroup includes only the prototype strain, the second strains that had disappeared by the end of the 20th century and the third comprises those that have been circulating since then in local communities, such as Yamagata.
Rapid detection of human cytomegalovirus UL97 and UL54 mutations for antiviral resistance in clinical specimens
Authors: Daikoku Tohru , Saito Kazuhide , Aihara Takamitsu , Ikeda Masahiro , Takahashi Yoshiyuki , Hosoi Hiroki , Nishida Tetsuya , Takemoto Masaya , Shiraki Kimiyasu 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTDrug‐resistant cytomegalovirus appears during prolonged anti‐cytomegalovirus therapy. Assays for human cytomegalovirus viral protein kinase (UL97) and viral DNA polymerase (UL54) gene mutations conferring drug resistance have been used rather than susceptibility assays to assess clinical specimens. In this study a sensitive system for genotype assay of UL97 and UL54 in clinical specimens with as few as six copies/µg of DNA was developed.
Comparative evaluation of agar dilution and broth microdilution methods for antibiotic susceptibility testing of Helicobacter cinaedi
Authors: Tomida Junko , Oumi Ayako , Okamoto Tatsuya , Morita Yuji , Okayama Akihiko , Misawa Naoaki , Hayashi Tetsuya , Akaike Takaaki , Kawamura Yoshiaki 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe aim of this study was to establish a broth microdilution method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Helicobacter cinaedi and to assess the prevalence and mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance in Japanese clinical isolates. A broth microdilution method using modified Levinthal broth was developed and compared with the agar dilution method for testing susceptibility to ampicillin, gentamicin, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin. The minimum inhibitory concentrations obtained by these two methods were almost the same for all the antibiotics tested, demonstrating the broth microdilution method to be a suitable and reliable technique for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. A broth microdilution method for antimicrobial susceptibility test for H. cinaedi was established. This method is expected to help improve treatment.
Expression and immunological characterization of cardamom mosaic virus coat protein displaying HIV gp41 epitopes
Authors: Damodharan Subha , Gujar Ravindra , Pattabiraman Sathyamurthy , Nesakumar Manohar , Hanna Luke Elizabeth , Vadakkuppattu Ramanathan D , Usha Ramakrishnan 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe coat protein of cardamom mosaic virus (CdMV), a member of the genus Macluravirus, assembles into virus‐like particles when expressed in an Escherichia coli expression system. The N and C‐termini of the coat protein were engineered with the Kennedy peptide and the 2F5 and 4E10 epitopes of gp41 of HIV. The chimeric proteins reacted with sera from HIV positive persons and also stimulated secretion of cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from these persons. Thus, a system based on the coat protein of CdMV can be used to display HIV‐1 antigens.
Cephalosporin resistant Escherichia coli from cancer patients in Cairo, Egypt
Authors: Abdelaziz Mohammed O. , Bonura Celestino , Aleo Aurora , Fasciana Teresa , Calà Cinzia , Mammina Caterina 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTCephalosporin‐resistant Escherichia coli has been increasingly reported worldwide. In this study, 32 cephalosporin resistant E. coli isolates identified from cancer patients in Cairo, Egypt in 2009–2010 were analyzed. Twenty‐three were of phylogenetic group D, seven A and one each B1 and B2. By rep‐PCR 15 phylogroup D isolates were grouped in four clusters, one with sequence type (ST) 405 and three ST68. Seventeen isolates showed single patterns. blaCTX‐M‐15 and aac(6')‐Ib‐cr were the most common resistance determinants. blaOXA‐48 and blaVIM were also detected. Multidrug resistant E. coli seriously affects healthcare, especially in immunocompromised hosts, such as cancer patients.
Distribution of Streptococcus troglodytae and Streptococcus dentirousetti in chimpanzee oral cavities
Authors: Miyanohara Mayu , Imai Susumu , Okamoto Masaaki , Saito Wataru , Nomura Yoshiaki , Momoi Yasuko , Tomonaga Masaki , Hanada Nobuhiro 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze the distribution and phenotypic properties of the indigenous streptococci in chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) oral cavities. Eleven chimpanzees (aged from 9 to 44 years, mean ± SD, 26.9 ± 12.6 years) in the Primate Research Institute of Kyoto University were enrolled in this research and brushing bacterial samples collected from them. Streptococci were isolated from the oral cavities of all chimpanzees. The isolates (n = 46) were identified as thirteen species by 16S rRNA genes analysis. The predominant species was Streptococcus sanguinis of mitis streptococci from five chimpanzees (45%). Mutans streptococci were isolated from six chimpanzees (55%). The predominant species in the mutans streptococci were Streptococcus troglodytae from four chimpanzees (36%), this species having been proposed as a novel species by us, and Streptococcus dentirousetti from three chimpanzees (27%). Streptococcus mutans was isolated from one chimpanzee (9%). However, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus macacae and Streptococcus downei, which are indigenous to human and monkey (Macaca fasciclaris) oral habitats, were not isolated. Of the mutans streptococci, S. troglodytae, S. dentirousetti, and S. mutans possessed strong adherence activity to glass surface.
Agr function is upregulated by photodynamic therapy for Staphylococcus aureus and is related to resistance to photodynamic therapy
Authors: Park Hee Jeong , Moon Yeon‐Hee , Yoon Hyo‐Eun , Park Yoon Mee , Yoon Jung‐Hoon , Bang Iel Soo 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) has been considered a feasible alternative for antimicrobial therapy of multidrug‐resistant pathogens. However, bacterial response mechanisms against PDT‐generated photo‐oxidative stress remain largely unknown. Herein, it is shown that the accessory gene regulator Agr is involved in Staphylococcus aureus response to photo‐oxidative stress generated by laser‐induced PDT with the photosensitizer chlorin e6. Transcriptional profiling revealed that sublethal PDT induces a general stress response and also activates Agr‐dependent gene regulation. Moreover, mutant S. aureus lacking Agr function showed hypersusceptibility to two independent PDT conditions with higher energy densities, demonstrating Agr‐dependent S. aureus resistance against PDT.
Novel approach to thyroid skin incision with tunnel dissection technique
Authors: Kayaoglu Huseyin Ayhan , Yenidogan Erdinc , Okan Ismail , Ozkan Namik 
Published: May 2013

AimSuperior and inferior flaps beneath the platysmal layer have been used to open the midline raphe in thyroidectomy. Sometimes this flap dissection causes some serious complications, such as seroma and subcutaneous haematoma formation. Here, we described a new approach for flapless thyroidectomy.Patients and MethodsA total of 289 patients who underwent thyroidectomy were eligible for the study. Group 1 was the control group. In group 2, a 5‐mm wide tunnel from the thyroid cartilage superiorly to the sternal notch was inferiorly used to open the midline raphe. Patient demographics and complications were recorded and compared.ResultsSpecimen volumes, skin incision lengths and operation times of the groups were 69.83 ± 37.72 mL and 71.17 ± 48.28 mL, 3.80 ± 0.89 cm and 3.96 ± 0.76 cm and 115.21 ± 26.73 min and 117.32 ± 27.25 min, respectively (P = 0.785, P = 0.196 and 0.875, respectively). Permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and permanent or temporary hypocalcaemia were similar (P = 0.137, P = 0.459 and P = 0.333). Seroma and subcutaneous haematoma were significantly higher in group 1 (P = 0.024).ConclusionThis less traumatic approach is a technically feasible and an alternative to conventional flap dissection with any limitations.
Meta‐analysis of video‐assisted thyroidectomy versus conventional thyroidectomy
Authors: Zhang Shengchu , Zheng Yihu , Wu Binbin , Zhou Feng , Zhang Qiyu 
Published: May 2013

AimThe purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that video‐assisted thyroidectomy (VAT) affords comparable safety and efficacy compared to open conventional thyroidectomy (CT).Patients and MethodsRandomized, controlled trials comparing VAT with CT were ascertained by a methodical search using the MEDLINE, Pubmed, Ovid, Embase and Cochrane Library electronic databases. Primary meta‐analysis outcomes were operative time, intraoperative blood loss and complications, including transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (TRP), transient hypoparathyroidism (TH), permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (PRP), permanent hypoparathyroidism (PH) and wound infection (WI). The secondary outcomes were postoperative pain within 12, 24 and 48 h after the operation, length of hospital stay and cosmetic result.ResultsOperative time was significantly less with CT than with VAT, while VAT was associated with better cosmetic result and less pain at 24 h, postoperatively. Blood loss, TRP, TH, PRP, PH, WI and postoperative pain at 48 h did not reach significance between procedures. Comparisons between two procedures concerning postoperative pain within 12 h and length of hospital stay depicted statistically‐significant differences in favour of VAT, but only in the fixed‐effects model.ConclusionsVAT is a safe procedure that produces outcomes; in view of short‐term adverse events, similar to CT, it needs a longer operative time and produces better cosmetic results and less postoperative pain in the early phase.
Prevalence and Clinical Importance of Alternative Causes of Symptoms Using a Renal Colic Computed Tomography Protocol in Patients With Flank or Back Pain and Absence of Pyuria
Authors: Moore Chris L. , Daniels Brock , Singh Dinesh , Luty Seth , Molinaro Annette 
Published: May 2013

AbstractObjectivesThe study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and clinical importance of alternative causes of symptoms discovered in patients undergoing flank pain protocol (FPP) computed tomography (CT) scans in patients with classic symptoms of kidney stone (flank pain, back pain, or both) without evidence of urine infection.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational analysis of all adult patients undergoing FPP CT scans at two emergency departments (EDs) between April 2005 and November 2010. All CTs (N = 5,383) were reviewed and categorized as “no cause of symptoms seen on CT,” “ureteral stone as cause of symptoms,” or “non–kidney stone cause of symptoms.” Non–kidney stone scans were further categorized as “acutely important,” “follow‐up recommended,” or “unimportant cause,” based on a priori diagnostic classifications. All nonstone causes of pain and a random subset of subjects (n = 1,843; 34%) underwent full record review blinded to CT categorization to determine demographics, whether flank and/or back pain was present, and whether there was objective evidence of pyuria.ResultsOf all FPP CT scans during the study period, a ureteral stone was found to cause symptoms in 47.7% of CTs, with no cause of symptoms found in 43.3% of CTs. A non–kidney stone diagnosis was found in 9.0% of all CTs, with 6.1% being categorized as “acutely important,” 2.2% as “follow‐up recommended,” and 0.65% with symptoms from an “unimportant cause.” In the randomly selected subset undergoing full record review, categorizations were similar, with 49.0% of CTs showing kidney stone as cause of pain and 9.0% a non–kidney stone cause (5.9% “acutely important”). When subjects with evidence of urine infection or without flank or back pain were excluded, ureteral stone was identified as the cause of pain in 54.9% of CTs, while non–kidney stone cause of symptoms was found in 5.4% of scans and acutely important alternate causes in 2.8% of scans.ConclusionsWhile a non–kidney stone cause for a patient's symptoms are found in nearly 10% of CTs done using a FPP, acutely important findings occur in less than 3% of scans done in patients with flank or back pain and absence of pyuria.