bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual Luminescent Mn(II)‐Doped Cu‐In‐Zn‐S Quantum Dots as Temperature Sensors in Water
Authors: Bellatreccia Caterina , Ziani Zakaria , Germinario Angelica , Engelaar Stijn , Battaglia Filippo Piero , Gradone Alessandro , Villa Marco , Ceroni Paola 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCuInS2 quantum dots have emerged in the last years as non‐toxic alternative to traditional Pb and Cd based quantum dots, especially for biological applications. In this work, the hydrothermal synthesis of alloyed Cu‐In‐Zn‐S quantum dots (CIZS) doped with manganese(II) is explored, with different metal ratios (Mn‐CIZSy). The doped quantum dots show the sensitized emission of Mn2+ (approximately ms lifetime), together with the emission of the CIZS structure (approximately µs lifetime). The relative contribution of Mn2+ emission is highly dependent on the composition of the CIZS hosting structure (In:Cu ratio). In addition to that, it is shown that Mn2+ sensitization requires a threshold energy, which suggests the involvement of an intermediate state in the sensitization mechanism. The long‐lived emission intensity decay of Mn2+ shows a stable and reversible temperature response in physiological conditions (25–45 °C, pH = 7.4). Mn‐CIZSy quantum dots are thus interesting candidates as biological luminescent temperature probe thanks to their easy synthesis, high colloidal stability, insensitivity to dioxygen quenching and quantitative time‐gated detection.
Synergistic Enhancement of Mechanical and Electrochemical Properties in Grafted Polymer/Oxide Hybrid Electrolytes
Authors: Scharf Felix , Krude Annalena , Lennartz Peter , Clausnitzer Moritz , Shukla Gourav , Buchheit Annika , Kempe Fabian , Diddens Diddo , Glomb Pascal , Mitchell Melanie M. , Danner Timo , Heuer Andreas , Latz Arnulf , Winter Martin , Brunklaus Gunther 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLithium metal batteries operated with high voltage cathodes are predestined for the realization of high energy storage systems, where solid polymer electrolytes offer a possibility to improve battery safety. Al2O3_PCL is introduced as promising hybrid electrolyte made from polycaprolactone (PCL) and Al2O3 nanoparticles that can be prepared in a one‐pot synthesis as a random mixture of linear PCL and PCL‐grafted Al2O3. Upon grafting, synergistic effects of mechanical stability and ionic conductivity are achieved. Due to the mechanical stability, manufacture of PCL‐based membranes with a thickness of 50 µm is feasible, yielding an ionic conductivity of 5·10−5 S cm−1 at 60 °C. The membrane exhibits an impressive performance of Li deposition in symmetric Li||Li cells, operating for 1200 h at a constant and low overvoltage of 54 mV and a current density of 0.2 mA cm−2. NMC622 | Al2O3_PCL | Li cells are cycled at rates of up to 1 C, achieving 140 cycles at >80% state of health. The straightforward synthesis and opportunity of upscaling as well as solvent‐free polymerization render the Al2O3_PCL hybrid material as rather safe, potentially sustainable and affordable alternative to conventional polymer‐based electrolytes.
Atomic‐Dispersed Cu Catalysts for Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction: Coordination Engineering and Fundamental Insights
Authors: Zhu Xiaorong , Yuan Xiaolei , Ge Ming , Tang Yanfeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe development of Cu‐based atomic dispersed catalysts with tailored coordination environments represents a significant step forward in enhancing the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia. By precisely modulating the electronic structures of Cu active centers, the binding strength of the *NO3 intermediates is successfully tuned, thereby substantially improving the catalytic activity toward electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (eNO3RR). This study reveals that the N4‐coordinated Cu single‐atom catalyst (Cu‐SAC) exhibits superior performance due to its robust interaction with coordinating atoms. Notably, this optimized catalyst achieves a low limiting potential of −0.38 V, while the dual‐atom system further reduces this value to −0.32 V, demonstrating exceptional activity. Detailed electronic structure analysis, including the examination of d‐band centers, Bader charges, and projected density of states (PDOS), provides a comprehensive understanding of the origin of this high activity. Specifically, the high and concentrated density of states near the Fermi level plays a crucial role in facilitating the electrocatalytic nitrate reduction process. This work not only offers crucial insights into the underlying mechanisms of eNO3RR but also provides valuable guidelines for the rational design of highly efficient electrocatalysts for this important reaction.
Non‐Noble‐Metal‐Based Electrocatalysts for Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives
Authors: Liu Tingting , Chen Chen , Pu Zonghua , Huang Qiufeng , Zhang Xiaofeng , Al‐Enizi Abdullah M. , Nafady Ayman , Huang Shengyun , Chen Ding , Mu Shichun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe oxygen evolution reaction (OER) plays a pivotal role in diverse renewable energy storage and conversion technologies, including water electrolysis, electrochemical CO2 reduction, nitrogen fixation, and metal‐air batteries. Among various water electrolysis techniques, proton exchange membrane (PEM)‐based water electrolysis devices offer numerous advantages, including high current densities, exceptional chemical stability, excellent proton conductivity, and high‐purity H2. Nevertheless, the prohibitive cost associated with Ir/Ru‐based OER electrocatalysts poses a significant barrier to the broad‐scale application of PEM‐based water splitting. Consequently, it is crucial to advance the development of non‐noble metal OER catalysis substance with high acid‐activity and stability, thereby fostering their widespread integration into PEM water electrolyzers (PEMWEs). In this review, a comprehensive analysis of the acidic OER mechanism, encompassing the adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM), lattice oxygen mechanism (LOM) and oxide path mechanism (OPM) is offered. Subsequently, a systematic summary of recently reported noble‐metal‐free catalysts including transition metal‐based, carbon‐based and other types of catalysts is provided. Additionally, a comprehensive compilation of in situ/operando characterization techniques is provided, serving as invaluable tools for furnishing experimental evidence to comprehend the catalytic mechanism. Finally, the present challenges and future research directions concerning precious‐metal‐free acidic OER are comprehensively summarized and discussed in this review.
Introduced Iron‐Based Catalysts for Low‐Temperature Upcycling Regeneration of Spent Graphite towards Ultra‐Fast Lithium Storage Properties
Authors: Wang Bin , Li Jiexiang , Zeng Zihao , Zhu Chao , Yang Yue , Ge Peng , Sun Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSpent graphite, as the main component of retired batteries, have attracted plenty of attentions. Although a series of recycling strategies are proposed, they still suffer from high cost of regeneration and large CO2 emission, mainly ascribed to the full‐recovery of surface and internal phase at ultra‐high temperature. However, the existing of suitable internal defects is conductive to their energy‐storage abilities. Herein, with the introduction of Fe‐based catalysts, spent graphite is successfully repaired at low temperature with the tailored surface traits, including conductivities, isotropy and so on. As Li‐storage anodes, all of samples can display a capacity of 340 mAh g−1 above at 1.0 C after 200 cycles. At high rate 5.0 C, their capacity can be also kept ≈300 mAh g−1, and remained ≈233 mAh g−1 even after 1000 cycles. Assisted by electrochemical and kinetic behaviors, their cycling traits with dynamic surface transformations are detailed explored, including activated/fading mechanism, Li‐depositions forming etc. Moreover, the calculated constant time of as‐optimized regenerated sample is ≈3.0 × 10−4 s, further revealing the importance of surface designing. Therefore, the work is expected to shed light on their energy‐storage behaviors, and offer low‐temperature regenerated strategies of spent graphite with high value.
Complex outsourcing relationships management model
Authors: Khan Ghulam Murtaza , Khan Siffat Ullah , Niazi Mahmood , Ilyas Muhammad , Humayun Mamoona , Ahmad Akash , Khan Javed Ali , Mahmood Sajjad 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGlobal software development (GSD) refers to developing software with a distributed team spanning multiple locations and time zones. Based on relationships, there are four types of outsourcing: dyadic (one client–one vendor), multi‐vendor (one client–many vendors), co‐sourcing (many clients–one vendor), and complex outsourcing (many clients–many vendors). Compared to the other types of outsourcing contracts, complex outsourcing contracts are the hardest to work on and have the highest risk of project failure. This paper presents a model, the complex outsourcing relationships management model (CORMM), to assist the complex outsourcing stakeholders (both the clients and vendors) in managing their relationships in the context of GSD. This paper aims to develop a CORMM to assist the complex outsourcing relationships management stakeholders in GSD. Also, we are interested in identifying the applicability and effectiveness of the CORMM in the real‐world industry. The research approach follows a structured methodology comprising multiple phases. Initially, it leverages a systematic literature review (SLR) as its primary research method. The second phase involves the validation of the SLR findings via an empirical study. Subsequently, in the third phase, a model is developed. Finally, the proposed research approach is validated by incorporating two industrial case studies to assess the organization's relationship management utilizing the Motorola tool. The case study results show that CORMM can successfully point out relationship management issues in a complex outsourcing context. The feedback received from the participants of both companies indicates several positive and valuable insights about the CORMM and its application in the context of complex outsourcing relationships. The results highlight that CORMM serves as an assessment tool for evaluating an organization's relationship management capability and a means for organizations to enhance their position. Through CORMM, complex outsourcing organizations (many clients–many vendors) can identify strengths and weaknesses in their relationship management practices, enabling targeted improvement efforts.
Batched ranged random integer generation
Authors: Brackett‐Rozinsky Nevin , Lemire Daniel 
Published: August 2024

SummaryPseudorandom values are often generated as 64‐bit binary words. These random words need to be converted into ranged values without statistical bias. We present an efficient algorithm to generate multiple independent uniformly‐random bounded integers from a single uniformly‐random binary word, without any bias. In the common case, our method uses one multiplication and no division operations per value produced. In practice, our algorithm can more than double the speed of unbiased random shuffling for small to moderately large arrays.
Zum Trag‐ und Ermüdungsverhalten von Kopfbolzendübeln mit fehlerbehafteten Schweißungen
Authors: Bucak Ömer , Dürr André , Grötzner Jakob , Knefelkamp Sascha , Otto Stephan , Rodic Slobodan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDas Schweißen von Kopfbolzendübeln (KBD) ist ein technisch anspruchsvoller Prozess. Die Schwierigkeiten für die ausführenden Firmen bestehen hauptsächlich darin, dass die Mangelfreiheit des Produkts derzeit noch nicht zerstörungsfrei nachgewiesen werden kann. Durch das Erscheinen des Allgemeinen Rundschreibens Straßenbau (ARS) Nr. 18/2019 zur Qualitätssicherung beim Schweißen von Kopfbolzendübeln im Brückenbau wurden die Anforderungen an das Kopfbolzendübelschweißen deutlich verschärft. Dieser Aufsatz setzt sich mit fehlerhaften Kopfbolzendübelschweißungen sowie mit in der Praxis üblichen Reparaturmethoden auseinander, um erste Erkenntnisse zu erlangen, ob verschärfte Anforderungen zur Qualitätssicherung beim Schweißen von Kopfbolzendübeln im Brückenbau zielführend bzw. notwendig sind. Es werden außerdem Ergebnisse des PAUT‐Verfahrens (Phased Array Ultraschall) betrachtet, um festzustellen, ob es ggf. zukünftig möglich ist, mit diesem Verfahren eine zerstörungsfreie Prüfung von Kopfbolzendübelschweißungen durchzuführen.
Food‐induced thyrotoxicosis in a dog
Authors: Isidori Marco , Corbee Ronald J. , Kooistra Hans S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis report presents a case of factitial thyrotoxicosis in a dog ensuing from the long‐term administration of a raw meat‐based pet food adulterated with thyroid tissue. A 7‐year‐old, male, neutered bull terrier was brought to the clinic because of polyuria/polydipsia, restlessness and a decrease in bodyweight despite increased appetite. Physical examination revealed hyperthermia, polypnea, tachycardia and a mild underconditioning, whereas routine bloodwork and urinalysis were unremarkable. Exogenous thyrotoxicosis was suspected based on thyroid function test results, together with contrast computed tomography and nuclear scintigraphy of the thyroid gland, showing increased serum T4 concentrations and very low thyroid‐stimulating hormone concentration in the absence of either eutopic or ectopic thyroid tumours. Histological and biomedical analyses of the dog's diet identified it to be the likely source of environmental thyroid hormones. Diagnosis confirmation was achieved by transitioning the dog to a new food, which was accompanied by a speedy and full remission of clinical signs.
Experimentation on Risk Reduction by Training: A Framework for Seminar Activity
Authors: Rindone Corrado , Moschella Marialuisa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEvery year, at the global level, disasters connected to natural and anthropic events produce relevant losses. This implies the necessity to plan, design and implement a system of actions for reducing risk and their components (occurrence, vulnerability and exposure). This paper focuses on the exposure component, by considering the training actions aimed at improving the community’s preparedness for evacuation procedures deriving from the emergency planning process. By selecting the discussion–based training class, this paper presents a framework of a seminar, that is the simplest action aimed at orienting participants about the planned indications. The framework is inspired by the US standard approach to training actions. The structured seminar can be considered the first step of a wide training cycle that includes discussion and operation-based exercises. An example of a seminar is clear in the air transport sector. The seminar has become standard practice regulated by ICAO for defining procedures to follow in the event of danger on aircraft. The procedure is aimed at increasing awareness and it requires competency of operators. So, the entire cycle of a seminar must contribute to risk reduction by increasing awareness of the procedures provided and their testing in a stress-free environment. The entire cycle contributes to risk reduction by increasing awareness about planned procedures and their experimentation in a no-stress environment. Training and exercises constitute an opportunity to reduce risk and then the potential damages produced by disasters. Seminars are low-cost activities aimed at putting into practice the planned evacuation procedures. The paper is useful for decision-makers and takers involved in emergency planning procedures who want to increase the effectiveness of preparedness actions implemented before an emergency event.
Deutscher Expertenkonsens zur PD-L1-Testung („programmed cell death ligand 1“) in der perioperativen Systemtherapie des muskelinvasiven Blasenkarzinoms
Authors: Niegisch G. , Bolenz C. , Doehn C. , Gakis G. , Hartmann A. , Müller-Huesmann H. , Reis H. , Roghmann F. , Schwamborn K. , Tiemann K. , Retz M. 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Rezidivrisiko von Patienten mit einem muskelinvasiven Harnblasenkarzinom (MIBC) nach radikaler Zystektomie ist abhängig vom pathologischen Tumorstadium. Ein hohes Risiko weisen insbesondere Patienten mit einer lymphonodalen Metastasierung (pN+), lokal fortgeschrittenem (≥pT3) oder residuellem muskelinvasivem Tumor trotz neoadjuvanter Chemotherapie auf. Aktuell nimmt die Bedeutung einer adjuvanten Therapie mit Immun-Checkpoint-Inhibitoren (ICI) im Rahmen perioperativer systemtherapeutischer Konzepte zu. Die Indikationsstellung bei dem derzeit in der Europäischen Union zugelassenen PD-1-Inhibitor („programmed cell death 1“) Nivolumab erfordert die Expressionsbestimmung des PD-L1 („programmed cell death ligand 1“)-Proteins mittels Immunhistochemie im Tumorgewebe. Mit Fokus auf MIBC-Patienten mit hohem Rezidivrisiko ergeben sich neue Fragen in Bezug auf die Durchführung und Interpretation der PD-L1-Testung. Eine interdisziplinäre Expertengruppe aus Deutschland hat relevante Fragestellungen aus klinisch-pathologischer Sicht diskutiert und praxisnahe Handlungsempfehlungen erarbeitet, die die Implementierung einer validierten und qualitätsgesicherten PD-L1-Testung entlang der zugelassenen Indikationen im klinischen Alltag erleichtern sollen.
Analyzing the effect of infill density on the mechanical compression of ASA in additive manufacturing: a FEM perspective
Authors: Karkalos Nikolaos E. , Rydzoń Kacper , Papazoglou Emmanouil L. , Karmiris-Obratański Panagiotis 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) represents a novel method for parts manufacturing, revolutionizing the design principles and processes. Among the different AM methods, fused filament fabrication (FFF) is one of the most widely employed and affordable, with numerous applications across a broad range of fields. Inherently, due to the fundamental physical mechanisms occurring during part building, the material acquires different properties compared to those of bulk material. Simultaneously, parameters such as the infill pattern and infill density significantly affect the overall behavior of the part. An efficient and effective tool to minimize the necessity for experimental investigations and to define the mechanical properties with respect to these parameters (i.e., infill density and pattern) is the finite element method (FEM). In the current study, accurate FEM models were developed and presented, considering the precise geometry of compression specimens for simulating the compression behavior of FFF-printed ASA polymer. More specifically, honeycomb infill patterns with different infill densities were simulated, and the results were validated by direct comparison to respective experimental results. It was deduced that utilizing an appropriate mesh size leads to higher precision and also increases the stability of the numerical simulation, while the FEM models can predict the loads as well as the deformed geometric shapes for different infill densities. As an overall conclusion, it is proved and reasoned that employing FEM and a proper modeling approach is indeed a feasible and efficient way to predict and define the compressive behavior of FFF parts.
Analysis of abrasive impact wear of the Mn8/SS400 bimetal composite using a newly designed wear testing rig
Authors: Yuan Shengnan , Wu Hui , Xie Haibo , Jia Fanghui , Liang Xiaojun , Zhao Xing , Jiao Sihai , Liu Hongqiang , Sun Li , Cao Hongwei , Jiang Zhengyi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, the abrasive impact wear behaviour of a bimetal composite made of medium manganese steels (MMSs) and low carbon steels (LCSs), i.e., the Mn8/SS400 bimetal composite, was investigated using a newly designed wear-testing rig. The need for a new rig arose from the difficulty in replicating real-world wear conditions. Our rig allows for precise control and measurement of wear, simulating harsh environments more accurately than other wear-testing rigs. The bimetal composite Mn8/SS400 demonstrated superior wear resistance, showing an improvement of up to 2.8 times compared to benchmark steels, attributed to its enhanced work hardening sensitivity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analyses were employed to elucidate the wear mechanisms. After 300 h of abrasive impact wear, the subsurface microhardness of Mn8 reached 601.31 HV, significantly higher than that of the matrix hardness of 292.24 HV, indicating a substantial work hardening effect. The wear mechanism of the Mn8/SS400 bimetal composite was found to be a synergistic effect of grain refinement strengthening, dislocation strengthening, and twin strengthening. Initially, twin strengthening was the dominant mechanism up to 200 h of wear testing. However, after 300 h, contributions from all three mechanisms became increasingly significant, enhancing the overall wear resistance of the composite.
Parabolic Boundary Harnack Inequalities with Right-Hand Side
Authors: Torres-Latorre Clara 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe prove the parabolic boundary Harnack inequality in parabolic flat Lipschitz domains by blow-up techniques, allowing, for the first time, a non-zero right-hand side. Our method allows us to treat solutions to equations driven by non-divergence form operators with bounded measurable coefficients, and a right-hand side $$f \in L^q$$

f
∈

L
q

for $$q > n+2$$

q
>
n
+
2

. In the case of the heat equation, we also show the optimal $$C^{1-\varepsilon }$$

C

1
-
ε

regularity of the quotient. As a corollary, we obtain a new way to prove that flat Lipschitz free boundaries are $$C^{1,\alpha }$$

C

1
,
α

in the parabolic obstacle problem and in the parabolic Signorini problem.
Changes in 3-Dimensional Measurements of Masseter Muscle After Orthognathic Surgery in Patients with Facial Asymmetry
Authors: Yang Xiaobin , Piao Zhengguo , Liu Yaoran , Chen Lunqiu , Huang Luo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to quantitatively evaluate morphological and volumetric changes in the masseter muscle using 3-dimensional analysis of facial asymmetry patients and to identify factors influencing these changes before and after orthognathic surgery.

Methods
[Reviewer1 (2)]A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted on twenty-two patients with deviation of the chin > 4 mm. Masseter muscle volume and morphology were measured at different periods during long-term follow-up (mean 15 ± 3.2 months). Factors related to changes in masseter muscle cross-sectional area and volume analyzed were also analyzed.

Results
[Reviewer1 (2) and (9)]The volume and cross-sectional area of the masseter muscle on the non-deviated side reduced by 13.5% (P < 0.05) and 16.4% (P < 0.05), respectively, after orthognathic surgery. The length of the masseter muscle increased by 13.9% on the deviated side (P < .05) but decreased by 11.7% on the non-deviated side (P < 0.05). The width decreased on the deviated side from T1 to T2 (13.51 ± 2.09 mm vs. 12.04 ± 1.39 mm), but the non-deviated side showed an opposite tendency (10.81 ± 1.31 mm vs. 12.69 ± 2.37 mm). The difference in masseter muscle length and width between the two sides significantly reduced after surgery (P < 0.05). There was a noticeable decrease in the asymmetry in the muscle in proportion to the degree of the occlusal plane angle.

Conclusion
Masseter muscle asymmetry exists in patients with facial asymmetry, but it could be improved with maxilla-mandible correction. Atrophy of the masseter muscle after orthognathic surgery was greater in patients with a large inclined occlusal plane angle due to improved dental compensation.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.