bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma Free Amino Acid Profiles Predict Four-Year Risk of Developing Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, Dyslipidemia and Hypertension in Japanese Population
Authors: Yamakado Minoru , Nagao Kenji , Imaizumi Akira , Tani Mizuki , Toda Akiko , Tanaka Takayuki , Jinzu Hiroko , Miyano Hiroshi , Yamamoto Hiroshi , Daimon Takashi , Horimoto Katsuhisa , Ishizaka Yuko 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPlasma free amino acid (PFAA) profile is highlighted in its association with visceral obesity and hyperinsulinemia and future diabetes. Indeed PFAA profiling potentially can evaluate individuals’ future risks of developing lifestyle-related diseases, in addition to diabetes. However, few studies have been performed especially in Asian populations, about the optimal combination of PFAAs for evaluating health risks. We quantified PFAA levels in 3,701 Japanese subjects and determined visceral fat area (VFA) and two-hour post-challenge insulin (Ins120 min) values in 865 and 1,160 subjects, respectively. Then, models between PFAA levels and the VFA or Ins120 min values were constructed by multiple linear regression analysis with variable selection. Finally, a cohort study of 2,984 subjects to examine capabilities of the obtained models for predicting four-year risk of developing new-onset lifestyle-related diseases was conducted. The correlation coefficients of the obtained PFAA models against VFA or Ins120 min were higher than single PFAA level. Our models work well for future risk prediction. Even after adjusting for commonly accepted multiple risk factors, these models can predict future development of diabetes, metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia. PFAA profiles confer independent and differing contributions to increasing the lifestyle-related disease risks in addition to the currently known factors in a general Japanese population.
Large-scale Direct Targeting for Drug Repositioning and Discovery
Authors: Zheng Chunli , Guo Zihu , Huang Chao , Wu Ziyin , Li Yan , Chen Xuetong , Fu Yingxue , Ru Jinlong , Ali Shar Piar , Wang Yuan , Wang Yonghua 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA system-level identification of drug-target direct interactions is vital to drug repositioning and discovery. However, the biological means on a large scale remains challenging and expensive even nowadays. The available computational models mainly focus on predicting indirect interactions or direct interactions on a small scale. To address these problems, in this work, a novel algorithm termed weighted ensemble similarity (WES) has been developed to identify drug direct targets based on a large-scale of 98,327 drug-target relationships. WES includes: (1) identifying the key ligand structural features that are highly-related to the pharmacological properties in a framework of ensemble; (2) determining a drug’s affiliation of a target by evaluation of the overall similarity (ensemble) rather than a single ligand judgment; and (3) integrating the standardized ensemble similarities (Z score) by Bayesian network and multi-variate kernel approach to make predictions. All these lead WES to predict drug direct targets with external and experimental test accuracies of 70% and 71%, respectively. This shows that the WES method provides a potential in silico model for drug repositioning and discovery.
Antibacterial property of Ag nanoparticle-impregnated N-doped titania films under visible light
Authors: Wong Ming-Show , Chen Chun-Wei , Hsieh Chia-Chun , Hung Shih-Che , Sun Der-Shan , Chang Hsin-Hou 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPhotocatalysts produce free radicals upon receiving light energy; thus, they possess antibacterial properties. Silver (Ag) is an antibacterial material that disrupts bacterial physiology. Our previous study reported that the high antibacterial property of silver nanoparticles on the surfaces of visible light-responsive nitrogen-doped TiO2 photocatalysts [TiO2(N)] could be further enhanced by visible light illumination. However, the major limitation of this Ag-TiO2 composite material is its durability; the antibacterial property decreased markedly after repeated use. To overcome this limitation, we developed TiO2(N)/Ag/TiO2(N) sandwich films in which the silver is embedded between two TiO2(N) layers. Various characteristics, including silver and nitrogen amounts, were examined in the composite materials. Various analyses, including electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and ultraviolet–visible absorption spectrum and methylene blue degradation rate analyses, were performed. The antibacterial properties of the composite materials were investigated. Here we revealed that the antibacterial durability of these thin films is substantially improved in both the dark and visible light, by which bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter baumannii, could be efficiently eliminated. This study demonstrated a feasible approach to improve the visible-light responsiveness and durability of antibacterial materials that contain silver nanoparticles impregnated in TiO2(N) films.
Magnetic anisotropy, unusual hysteresis and putative “up-up-down” magnetic structure in EuTAl4Si2 (T = Rh and Ir)
Authors: Maurya Arvind , Thamizhavel A. , Dhar S. K. , Bonville P. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe present detailed investigations on single crystals of quaternary EuRhAl4Si2 and EuIrAl4Si2. The two compounds order antiferromagnetically at TN1 = 11.7 and 14.7 K, respectively, each undergoing two magnetic transitions. The magnetic properties in the ordered state present a large anisotropy despite Eu2+being an S-state ion for which the single-ion anisotropy is expected to be weak. Two features in the magnetization measured along the c-axis are prominent. At 1.8 K, a ferromagnetic-like jump occurs at very low field to a value one third of the saturation magnetization (1/3 M0) followed by a wide plateau up to 2 T for Rh and 4 T for Ir-compound. At this field value, a sharp hysteretic spin-flop transition occurs to a fully saturated state (M0). Surprisingly, the magnetization does not return to origin when the field is reduced to zero in the return cycle, as expected in an antiferromagnet. Instead, a remnant magnetization 1/3 M0 is observed and the magnetic loop around the origin shows hysteresis. This suggests that the zero field magnetic structure has a ferromagnetic component and we present a model with up to third neighbor exchange and dipolar interaction which reproduces the magnetization curves and hints to an “up-up-down” magnetic structure in zero field.
Current-induced Orbital and Spin Magnetizations in Crystals with Helical Structure
Authors: Yoda Taiki , Yokoyama Takehito , Murakami Shuichi 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe theoretically show that in a crystal with a helical lattice structure, orbital and spin magnetizations along a helical axis are induced by an electric current along the helical axis. We propose a simple tight-binding model for calculations and the results can be generalized to any helical crystals. The induced magnetizations are opposite for right-handed and left-handed helices. The current-induced spin magnetization along the helical axis comes from a radial spin texture on the Fermi surface. This is in sharp contrast to Rashba systems where the induced spin magnetization is perpendicular to the applied current.
Practical Considerations on the Multi-layer Mirrors for Superluminal Ring Laser Gyroscopes
Authors: Wang Zhiguo , Yuan Baolun 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe have created a simple model to analyze the restrictions on superluminal ring laser gyroscopes arising from the absorption of coating materials. For a ring laser gyroscope with a cavity length of 15 cm, the scale factor enhancement is nearly impossible due to absorption from the high dispersion mirror. In order to obtain a practical superluminal ring laser gyroscope, the extinction coefficient of coating materials should be less than 1E-10, which is a challenge at present.
Neuropsychological Performance in Polyconsumer Men Under Treatment. Influence of Age of Onset of Substance Use
Authors: Capella Maria del Mar , Benaiges Irina , Adan Ana 
Published: July 2015

AbstractNeurocognition is a key factor in the development and maintenance of Substance Use Disorders (SUD). However, there are still several aspects that need to be studied in this area. In this study, we elucidate the influence of age of onset of substance use (OSU) on the clinical course and neuropsychological performance of substance use disorder (SUD) patients, as well as to explore the influence of years of education, duration of drug use and premorbid intelligence quotient (IQ) on the cognitive results obtained. An exhaustive neuropsychological battery was used to assess different cognitive domains in 80 male polyconsumers, 41 with earlier OSU (16 years or before: OSU ≤ 16) and 39 with later OSU (17 years or later: OSU ≥ 17). The patients were under treatment with at least 4 months of abstinence confirmed by urinalysis. The OSU ≤ 16 group presented a worse clinical state, as well as a lower premorbid IQ and worse performance in processing speed, visual perception and planning skills. The duration of drug use may account for the differences in planning and processing speed. In this work we discuss the premorbid or acquired nature of the cognitive deficits found.
Functional Roles of Aromatic Residues and Helices of Papiliocin in its Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Activities
Authors: Lee Eunjung , Kim Jin-Kyoung , Jeon Dasom , Jeong Ki-Woong , Shin Areum , Kim Yangmee 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA cecropin-like peptide, papiliocin, isolated from the swallowtail butterfly Papilio xuthus, possesses high selectivity against gram-negative bacteria. Since Trp2 and Phe5 are highly conserved residues in cecropin-like peptides, we investigated the role of Trp2 and Phe5 in antibacterial activity. Substitution of Trp2 and Phe5 in papiliocin with Ala (papiliocin-2A and papiliocin-5A) revealed that Trp2 is a key residue in its antibacterial activities. In order to understand the structural requirements for papiliocin function and to design shorter, but more potent, peptide antibiotics, we designed papiliocin constructs, PapN (residues Arg1-Ala22 from the N-terminal amphipathic helix). PapN exhibited significant broad-spectrum antibacterial activities without cytotoxicity. Bactericidal kinetics of peptides against E.coli showed that papiliocin completely and rapidly killed E.coli in less than 10 minutes at 2× MIC concentration, while papiliocin-2A and papiliocin-5A killed four times more slowly than papiliocin. The PapN series peptides permeabilized bacterial membranes less effectively than papiliocin, showing no antibacterial activities in an hour. The results imply that the Trp2 and Phe5 in the amphipathic N-terminal helix are important in the rapid permeabilization of the gram-negative bacterial membrane. The hydrophobic C-terminal residues permeabilize the hydrophobic bacterial cell membrane synergistically with these aromatic residues, providing selectivity against gram-negative bacteria.
Greatly Enhancing Catalytic Activity of Graphene by Doping the Underlying Metal Substrate
Authors: Guo Na , Xi Yongjie , Liu Shuanglong , Zhang Chun 
Published: July 2015

AbstractGraphene-based solid-state catalysis represents a new direction in applications of graphene and has attracted a lot of interests recently. However, the difficulty in fine control and large-scale production of previously proposed graphene catalysts greatly limits their industrial applications. Here we present a novel way to enhance the catalytic activity of graphene, which is highly efficient yet easy to fabricate and control. By first-principles calculations, we show that when the underlying metal substrate is doped with impurities, the catalytic activity of the supported graphene can be drastically enhanced. Graphene supported on a Fe/Ni(111) surface is chosen as a model catalyst and the chemical reaction of CO oxidation is used to probe the catalytic activity of graphene. When the underlying Fe/Ni(111) substrate is impurity free, the graphene is catalytically inactive. When a Zn atom is doped into the substrate, the catalytic activity of the supported graphene is greatly enhanced and the reaction barrier of the catalyzed CO oxidation is reduced to less than 0.5 eV. Intriguing reaction mechanism of catalyzed CO oxidation is revealed. These studies suggest a new class of graphene-based catalysts and pave the way for future applications of graphene in solid-state catalysis.
Multi‐angular ground‐based SAR system for soil surface roughness characterisation
Authors: Wang H.Q. , Méric S. , Allain S. , Pottier E. 
Published: July 2015

A ground‐based (GB) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system is proposed for soil surface roughness discrimination at the C‐band. By using this GB‐SAR system, the multi‐angular SAR measurement is realised at different resolution cell sizes. The specific levels of surface roughness are set deliberately to analyse the roughness contribution on the multi‐angular SAR signature in a controlled experimental condition. Based on the GB‐SAR measurement, the effect of incidence angle on SAR sensitivity is studied under two resolution cell sizes for retrieving soil surface roughness. The results show that, the using the GB‐SAR system, the high incidence angle configuration (e.g. > 40°) is optimal to discriminate surface roughness, which is more significant at small resolution cell sizes (e.g. 30 cm). This study indicates the effectivity of the GB‐SAR system to validate the SAR backscattering mechanisms.
Connecting wearable textile transmission lines: all‐textile fabrication solutions and design techniques
Authors: Tsolis A. , Alexandridis A.A. , Whittow W.G. , Vardaxoglou J.C. 
Published: July 2015

A new method for connecting transmission lines is presented without using rigid connectors in order to implement a fully textile interconnecting system appropriate for signal transmission in wearable applications. This method is applied to textile striplines and named ‘complementary overlap’. The proposed method is examined from 1 to 6 GHz covering the frequency bands of the target applications: ISM (WLAN, Bluetooth, ZigBee etc.) and L‐band (GPS).
The Essential Role of Circulating Thyroglobulin in Maintaining Dominance of Natural Regulatory T Cell Function to Prevent Autoimmune Thyroiditis
Authors: Brown N. K. , Morris G. P. , Flynn J. C. , Kong Y. M. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSeveral key findings from the late 1960s to mid-1970s regarding thyroid hormone metabolism and circulating thyroglobulin composition converged with studies pertaining to the role of T lymphocytes in autoimmune thyroiditis. These studies cemented the foundation for subsequent investigations into the existence and antigenic specificity of thymus-derived natural regulatory T cells (nTregs). These nTregs prevented the development of autoimmune thyroiditis, despite the ever-present genetic predisposition, autoantigen (thyroglobulin), and thyroglobulin-reactive T cells. Guided by the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis as a fixed set-point regulator in thyroid hormone metabolism, we used a murine model and compared at key junctures the capacity of circulating thyroglobulin level (raised by thyroid-stimulating hormone or exogenous thyroglobulin administration) to strengthen self-tolerance and resist autoimmune thyroiditis. The findings clearly demonstrated an essential role for raised circulating thyroglobulin levels in maintaining the dominance of nTreg function and inhibiting thyroid autoimmunity. Subsequent identification of thyroglobulin-specific nTregs as CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ in the early 2000s enabled the examination of probable mechanisms of nTreg function. We observed that whenever nTreg function was perturbed by immunotherapeutic measures, opportunistic autoimmune disorders invariably surfaced. This review highlights the step-wise progression of applying insights from endocrinologic and immunologic studies to advance our understanding of the clonal balance between natural regulatory and autoreactive T cells. Moreover, we focus on how tilting the balance in favor of maintaining peripheral tolerance could be achieved. Thus, murine autoimmune thyroiditis has served as a unique model capable of closely simulating natural physiologic conditions.
Influence of Sectioning Location on Age Estimates from Common Carp Dorsal Spines
Authors: Watkins Carson J. , Klein Zachary B. , Terrazas Marc M. , Quist Michael C. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Dorsal spines have been shown to provide precise age estimates for Common Carp Cyprinus carpio and are commonly used by management agencies to gain information on Common Carp populations. However, no previous studies have evaluated variation in the precision of age estimates obtained from different sectioning locations along Common Carp dorsal spines. We evaluated the precision, relative readability, and distribution of age estimates obtained from various sectioning locations along Common Carp dorsal spines. Dorsal spines from 192 Common Carp were sectioned at the base (section 1), immediately distal to the basal section (section 2), and at 25% (section 3), 50% (section 4), and 75% (section 5) of the total length of the dorsal spine. The exact agreement and within-1-year agreement among readers was highest and the coefficient of variation lowest for section 2. In general, age estimates derived from sections 2 and 3 had similar age distributions and displayed the highest concordance in age estimates with section 1. Our results indicate that sections taken at ≤ 25% of the total length of the dorsal spine can be easily interpreted and provide precise estimates of Common Carp age. The greater consistency in age estimates obtained from section 2 indicates that by using a standard sectioning location, fisheries scientists can expect age-based estimates of population metrics to be more comparable and thus more useful for understanding Common Carp population dynamics.
Received April 2014; Accepted March 31, 2015
Patient Perceptions of Risky Drinking: Knowledge of Daily and Weekly Low-Risk Guidelines and Standard Drink Sizes
Authors: Sprague Debra J. , Vinson Daniel C. 
Published: July 2015

Background Effective intervention for risky drinking requires that clinicians and patients know low-risk daily and weekly guidelines and what constitutes a “standard drink.” The authors hypothesized that most patients lack this knowledge, and that education is required. Methods Following primary care visits, patients completed anonymous exit questionnaires that included the 3 Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test—Consumption (AUDIT-C) questions, “How many drinks (containing alcohol) can you safely have in one day?” and questions about size, in ounces, of a standard drink of wine, beer, and liquor. Descriptive analyses were done in Stata. Results Of 1,331 respondents (60% female, mean age: 49.6, SD = 17.5), 21% screened positive on the AUDIT-C for risky drinking. Only 10% of those accurately estimated daily low-risk limits, with 9% accurate on weekly limits, and half estimated low-risk limits at or below guidelines. Fewer than half who checked “Yes” to “Do you know what a ‘standard drink’ is?” provided accurate answers for beer, wine, or liquor. Patients with a positive screen were twice as likely to say they knew what a standard drink is, but only a third gave accurate estimates. When asked about plans in the next month regarding change in drinking behavior, 23% with a positive AUDIT-C indicated they were at least considering a change. Conclusions Most patients in primary care don't know specifics of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) guidelines for low-risk drinking. Exploring patient perceptions of low-risk guidelines and current drinking behavior may reveal discrepancies worth discussing. For risky drinkers, most of whom don't know daily and weekly low-risk guidelines or standard drink sizes, education can be vital in intervening. Findings suggest the need for detailed and explicit social marketing and communication on exactly what low-risk drinking entails.
Anisotropic Short-Wavelength Friedel Oscillation with Adjustable Envelope in Graphene*
Authors: Chen Jian , Xu Huai-Zhe 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
We investigate theoretically the intervalley charge density oscillation and the screened ionic potential in graphene caused by the intervalley scattering. We demonstrate that the contribution from the intervalley scattering is comparable with that from the intravalley scattering, and oscillation rather than decaying dominates at a large distance away from the external impurity. We show that the intervalley oscillation is strongly anisotropic because of the inequivalency between neighboring valleys. The anisotropic oscillation consists of an anisotropic short-wavelength oscillation with an anisotropic fixed wavelength and an isotropic long-wavelength envelop with an isotropic wavelength modulated by doping, making an adjustable-widthed wave-packet propagation. One weakens the screening and gets anisotropic short-wavelength oscillation by introducing short-range mechanism in graphene and graphene-like materials.
Analytical Solution of Partial-Wave Faddeev Equations with Application to Scattering and Statistical Mechanical Properties
Authors: Maghari Ali , Maleki Vahdat Moheb 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
In this work, the Faddeev equations for three-body scattering at arbitrary angular momentum are exactly solved and the transition matrices for some transition processes, including scattering and rearrangement channels are formulated in terms of free-particle resolvent matrix. A generalized Yamaguchi rank-two nonlocal separable potential has been used to obtain the analytical expressions for partial wave scattering properties of a three-particle system. The partial-wave analysis for some transition processes in a three-particle system is suggested. The partial-wave three-particle transition matrix elements have been constructed via knowledge of the matrix elements of the free motion resolvent. The calculation of a number of scattering properties of interest of the system such as transition matrix and its poles (bound states and resonances) and consequently other related quantities like scattering amplitudes, scattering length, phase shifts and cross sections are feasible in a straightforward manner. Moreover, we obtain a new analytical expression for the third virial coefficient in terms of three-body transition matrix.
Various Types of Kink and Bright Resonant Soliton Solutions for the (2+1)-Dimensional Double sine-Gordon Equation*
Authors: Lin Ji , Huang Guang-Qiao , Chen Wei-Xiong 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The algebraic mapping relations between the (2+1)-dimensional double sine-Gordon equation and the cubic nonlinear Klein–Gordon equation are constructed. Many new types of two-dimensional resonant kink, bright soliton and solitoff solutions are obtained, such as broken line shape, “V” shape, “snake” shape and “M” shape solitary waves, Zigzag-curve type, “ω” shape, peroidic-curve type, oscillatory Arch-type and parabolic shape bright soliton waves. We also investigate the propagating properties of some soliton solutions.