bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Interleukin-1α, Interleukin-10, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and transforming Growth Factor-β in the Serum of Patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris
Authors: Khozeimeh Faezeh , Savabi Omid , Esnaashari Masih 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTPemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disease characterized by a loss of cell adhesion result in acantholysis. Genetic factors and immunologic factors such as cytokines particularly IL-1α, IL-10, TNF-α, and TGF-β may counterpart to developing of Pemphigus. The aim of this study was to evaluate. The concentration of IL-1α, IL-10, TNF-α, TGF-α in serum of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) patients and normal individuals.Material and methodsIn this analytic and descriptive study 25 patients with pemphigus vulgaris (in active phase) and 25 healthy persons were examined. Serum samples of two groups were obtained and the level of IL-1α, IL-10, TNF-α and TGF-β were measured by ELISA technique. The data were analyzed statistically by independent T test (α = 0/05).ResultsAll cytokines tested, showed higher concentration in patient's sera comparing to healthy control individuals. The level of IL-1α (p = 0.004), TNF-α (p = 0.008) and TGF-β (p = 0.009) were statistically different in two experimental groups, There was no significant difference in IL-10 level (p = 0.605).ConclusionCytokines such as IL-1α, IL-10, TNF-α and TGF-β probably have a role in pathogenesis of PV. Further comprehensive studies are suggested to confirm these findings.How to cite this articleKhozeimeh F, Savabi O, Esnaashari M. Evaluation of Interleukin-1α, Interleukin-10, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and transforming Growth Factor-β in the Serum of Patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(6):746-749.
Radiographic Localization of Mental Foramen in Northeast and South Indian Ethnic Groups of Indian Population
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Hunsigi Prahalad , Kaipa Balakasi Reddy , Reddy Rajini , Kumar Chakki B Arun , Prasanna MD 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTBackground and objectivesThe position of mental foramen varies in different ethnic groups. The position of mental foramen is mainly important for achieving effective mental nerve block to carry out dental surgical procedures in mandible. Deviation in its position can be a cause of complication during local anesthesia or surgical procedures. The position of the mental foramen in South Indian and Northeast Indian population has not been reported.The purpose of the current study was to determine the most common location of the mental foramen (MF) and its bilateral symmetry in selected Indian population.Materials and methods380 digital panoramic radiographs (DPR) of a randomly selected 2 Ethnic groups of Indian population were studied.ResultsThe common position (59.2%) of the mental foramen was located between the 1st and 2nd premolars (P3) in Northeast Indians and in South Indians the common location (62.8%) was in line with the long axis of the 2nd premolar (P4), which was statistically significant in both Populations.ConclusionA bilateral symmetry was observed in the location of mental foramina, either mesial to or in line with the long axis of the 2nd premolar, which is consistent with the observations of similar studies in various ethnic or racial groups. In our study a statistically significant association between the 2 ethnic groups and the position of mental foramen exists. Therefore the position of mental foramen may be specific to racial groups facilitating accurate landmark for mental nerve block depending on the ethnic group. Further, studies are required with larger sample for better understanding of mental foramen location in different ethnic groups.How to cite this articleKumar V, Hunsigi P, Kaipa BR, Reddy R, Ealla KKR, Kumar CBA, Prasanna MD. Radiographic Localization of Mental Foramen in Northeast and South Indian Ethnic Groups of Indian Population. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(6):766-769.
Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Clinical Case with a Longitudinal Approach
Authors: Fraiz Fabian Calixto , Gugisch Renato Cordeiro , Cavalcante-Leão Bianca Lopes , Macedo Liliane Moreira 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Aim
This paper describes a clinical case of a male with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia submitted to rehabilitation and occlusal dental interventions with follow-up from 3 to 14 years of age.

Background
Due to the severe effects on function and esthetics, the clinical manifestations of ectodermal dysplasia exert a negative impact on quality of life. However, oral rehabilitation in childhood poses a challenge due to growth and development.

Case description
A male with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia began dental intervention at the age of 3 years. The clinical and radiographic exams revealed the absence of several primary and permanent teeth and abnormal shape of the primary maxillary incisors. The facial characteristics were compatible with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, such as a prominent brow, everted lips, flattened bridge of the nose and small vertical facial height. The treatment proposed involved rehabilitation through successive temporary partial dentures, functional orthopedics of the jaws, esthetic reconstruction of the anterior teeth, timely occlusal intervention and preventive actions for the control of dental caries and plaque.

Conclusion
The present case demonstrates that early care plays a fundamental role in minimizing the biopsychosocial consequences of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and preparing the patient for future oral rehabilitation.

Clinical significance
Although, the literature offers a number of papers describing dental treatment for ectodermal dysplasia, few cases include long-term follow-up and the use of a functional orthopedic appliance in combination with removable dentures in such patients.

How to cite this article
Fraiz FC, Gugisch RC, Cavalcante- Leão BL, Macedo LM. Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Clinical Case with a Longitudinal Approach. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(6):788-791.
Ricœur et Giddens: l’herméneutique de l’homme capable et la théorie de structuration
Authors: Wolff Ernst 
Published: March 2015

RésuméLe but de cet article est de mettre en dialogue Ricœur avec la théorie sociale d’Anthony Giddens, plus spécifiquement l’herméneutique de l’homme capable avec la théorie de la structuration. Nous commencerons par explorer quelques termes clefs permettant de comparer les deux auteurs au sujet du rapport entre acteurs et systèmes. Chez Ricœur, nous commenterons les notions d’institution et de pratique; chez Giddens, des notions importantes pour présenter la “dualité de structure.” Au cours de cette exploration, quatre tâches seront identifiées en vue de préciser la “théorie sociale” de Soi-même comme un autre: (1) dépasser le schéma foncièrement téléologique de l’action; (2) explorer la stabilisation de l’action malgré l’incertitude inscrite dans le schéma téléologique; (3) réinvestir la notion de contrainte; et (4) clarifier l’ambiguïté de la notion d’institution. En conclusion, nous montrerons quels apports la mise en dialogue de Ricœur avec Giddens pourrait offrir pour accomplir ces quatre tâches.Mots-clés : Homme capable, sructuration, acteur, dualité de structure, institution, contrainte.AbstractThe aim of this article is to reconstruct a dialogue between Ricœur and Anthony Giddens, in particular between the hermeneutics of the capable human and the theory of structuration. The article starts with an exploration of key concepts on the basis of which to compare the two authors on the relation between actors and systems. On Ricœur’s side the concepts of institution and practice will be commented on; on Giddens’ side notions selected to present the “duality of structure” will be considered. In the course of this exploration, four tasks will be identified by which to refine the “social theory” of Oneself as Another: (1) surpass its ultimately teleological schema of action; (2) explore the stabilisation of action despite the uncertainty attributed to the teleological schema; (3) reinvest the notion of constraint; and (4) clarify the ambiguity in the notion of institution. In conclusion the contribution of a Ricœur-Giddens dialogue to the accomplishment of these four tasks will be demonstrated.Keywords: Capable Man, Structuration, Actor, Duality of structure, Institution, Constraint.
Social imagination, abused memory, and the political place of history in Memory, History, Forgetting
Authors: Lythgoe Esteban 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this paper we intend to show that in Memory, History, Forgetting, Paul Ricœur articulates memory and history through imagination. This philosopher distinguishes two main functions of imagination: a poetical one, associated with interpretation and discourse, and a practical and projective one that clarifies and guides our actions. In Memory, History, Forgetting, both functions of imagination are present, but are associated with different aspects of memory. The first one is present especially in the phenomenology of the cognitive dimension of memory; the second one is developed in the analysis of the abuses of artificial memory, while their convergence is described in the section on the abuses of natural memory. Besides the similarities in the way these functions of imagination operate in Oneself as Another and in Memory, History, Forgetting, we will show some important differences between these two works and we will propose reasons for these differences.Keywords: Poetical Imagination, Practical Imagination, Abused Memory, Ideology, Utopy.RésuméDans cet article nous souhaiterions montrer que, dans La mémoire, l’histoire, l’oubli, l’imagination productrice est ce qui permet d’articuler la mémoire et l´histoire. Ricœur distingue deux principales fonctions de l’imagination: l’une, poétique, associée à l’interprétation et au discours ; l’autre pratique et projective, qui éclaire et oriente nos actions. Dans La mémoire, l’histoire, l’oubli, ces deux fonctions de l’imagination sont présentes mais elles sont associées à des aspects différents de la mémoire. La première est surtout présente dans la phénoménologie de la dimension cognitive de la mémoire, la seconde apparaît dans l’analyse des abus de la mémoire artificielle, et l’articulation entre ces deux fonctions se trouve enfin décrite dans la section concernant l’abus de la mémoire naturelle. Outre les similitudes dans la façon dont ces fonctions de l’imagination opèrent dans Soi-même comme un autre et dans La mémoire, l’histoire, l’oubli, nous essaierons de montrer qu’il existe cependant certaines différences importantes entre ces deux œuvres en tentant d’en expliciter les raisons.Mots-clés: Imagination poétique, imagination pratique, mémoire abusée, idéologie, utopie.
The Charter School Law in Massachusetts: Analysis, Commentary, Wish
Authors: Rubin David I. 
Published: March 2015

Nowhere is the link between the right's national political agenda and the privatization of public education clearer than in Massachusetts. In November 1995, just weeks before announcing that he would run for the U.S. Senate against the liberal Democratic incumbent John Kerry, Governor William Weld unveiled a truly radical plan for reshaping K-12 education that could make Massachusetts the testing ground for every weapon in the privatization arsenal.
Chorionic Bump in Pregnant Patients and Associated Live Birth Rate
Authors: Arleo Elizabeth Kagan , Dunning Allison , Troiano Robert N. 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivesA chorionic bump on first‐trimester sonography has been considered a risk factor for nonviability in pregnant patients with this rare finding, although the strength of this association has recently been questioned. We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to summarize the association between a chorionic bump and nonviability.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed. We included all studies except case reports. A meta‐analysis was performed using a random‐effects model.ResultsAfter screening 5 studies, 2 studies with a total of 67 patients met inclusion criteria. These were combined with a study (n = 52) from our institution. Overall, the live birth rate was 62% (74 of 119). Fifty‐one chorionic bump pregnancies were otherwise normal (ie, pregnancies in which a gestational sac, a yolk sac, and an embryo with a heartbeat was seen at some point), and in this subset, the live birth rate was 83% (42 of 51). There was no significant relationship found between vaginal bleeding and live birth (P = .857); there was no significant difference in bump volume between live birth and no live birth (P = .198); and for the subset analysis of pooled odds ratios for the relationship between live birth and history of infertility, there was no significant relationship found (P = .186).ConclusionsA chorionic bump remains a risk factor for nonviability in pregnancy; however, if the pregnancy is otherwise normal, then most result in live birth.
Sonographic Characteristics of the Uterus in Asymptomatic Women After Second‐Trimester Medical Termination of Pregnancy
Authors: Cheung Ka Wang , Ngu Siew-Fei , Cheung Vincent Y. T. 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the sonographic characteristics of the uterus after apparently uncomplicated second‐trimester medical termination of pregnancy and to follow the evolution of these findings until the return of menstruation.MethodsTwenty‐three women who requested termination of pregnancy at gestational ages between 14 and 20 weeks were recruited. Uterine characteristics were measured by 2‐ and 3‐dimensional transvaginal with or without transabdominal sonography. The uterine anteroposterior diameter, length, and width, endometrial thickness, presence of an endometrial mass, intrauterine vascularity, and endometrial volume were measured within 24 hours, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after termination, and during the postmenstrual phase.ResultsThe mean uterine anteroposterior diameter, uterine length, uterine width, endometrial thickness, and endometrial volume ± SD deceased gradually from 66.1 ± 9.7 to 40.9 ± 5.3 mm, 131.4 ± 14.7 to 81.3 ± 13.8 mm, 84.6 ± 10.3 to 54.2 ± 7.6 mm, 25.6 ± 8.1 to 4.5 ± 2.6 mm, and 39.4 ± 22.6 to 2.5 ± 2.1 mL, respectively, from within 24 hours after termination to the postmenstrual phase. Endometrial masses were identified in 8 women (34.8%) within 4 weeks after termination, which could persist for up to 8 weeks. However, all endometrial masses resolved after menstruation. Minimal and moderate endometrial vascularity was detectable in up to 21.7% after termination; none was detectable in any women after menstruation.ConclusionsThis study provides information on the normal sonographic parameters of the uterus after second‐trimester medical termination of pregnancy, which has been lacking in the literature. Also, our findings suggest that all endometrial masses regress with time; therefore, asymptomatic women with an incidental finding of an endometrial mass can be followed without the need for an immediate intervention.
Diagnostic Influence of Routine Point‐of‐Care Pocket‐size Ultrasound Examinations Performed by Medical Residents
Authors: Andersen Garrett N. , Graven Torbjørn , Skjetne Kyrre , Mjølstad Ole C. , Kleinau Jens O. , Olsen Øystein , Haugen Bjørn O. , Dalen Håvard 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the potential benefit of adding goal‐directed ultrasound examinations performed by on‐call medical residents using a pocket‐size imaging device in patients admitted to a medical department.MethodsA total of 992 emergency admissions to the medical department at a nonuniversity hospital in Norway were included. Patients admitted on dates with an on‐call medical resident randomized to use a pocket‐size imaging device were eligible for pocket‐size cardiac and abdominal ultrasound examinations or standard care. The cardiac examination included estimation of right and left ventricular sizes and global systolic function and regional left ventricular systolic function, evaluation for pleural and pericardial effusion, and valvular disease. The abdominal examination looked for signs of gross abnormalities of the liver, gallbladder, abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava, and urinary system. Six of 12 medical residents with limited ultrasound experience were randomized to perform the examinations. Diagnostic corrections were made, and findings were confirmed by reference standard diagnostics.ResultsA total of 199 patients were examined. Median times used were 5.7 minutes for the cardiac examination and 4.7 minutes for the abdominal examination. In 13 patients (6.5%), the examination resulted in a major change in the primary diagnosis. In 21 patients (10.5%), the diagnosis was verified, and in 48 (24.0%), an additional important diagnosis was made.ConclusionsBy implementing pocket‐size ultrasound examinations that took less than 11 minutes to the usual care, we corrected, verified, or added important diagnoses in more than 1 of 3 emergency medical admissions. Point‐of‐care examinations with a pocket‐size imaging device increased medical residents' diagnostic accuracy and capability.
Feasibility and Reliability of Quantifying Passive Muscle Stiffness in Young Children by Using Shear Wave Ultrasound Elastography
Authors: Brandenburg Joline E. , Eby Sarah F. , Song Pengfei , Zhao Heng , Landry Bradford W. , Kingsley-Berg Shirley , Bamlet William R. , Chen Shigao , Sieck Gary C. , An Kai-Nan 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility and reliability of passive muscle stiffness measurements in children by shear wave ultrasound elastography.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cross‐sectional study quantifying the passive stiffness of bilateral lateral gastrocnemius muscles during passive stretching in 20 typically developing children (age range, 2.0–12.6 years). Data collected included passive stiffness of the lateral gastrocnemius muscle (shear modulus in kilopascals) at 4 positions of progressive passive foot dorsiflexion, demographic characteristics of the participants, and comparison of demographic characteristics with the shear modulus.ResultsPassive stiffness increased with increasing stretching (mean [SD] range of stiffness, 7.1 [2.0] to 36.2 [22.0] kPa). For all 4 foot positions, no significant difference was found between right and left legs (range, P = .42 to P = .98) or between the sexes (range, P = .28 to P > .99). No correlation of passive muscle stiffness with age, body mass index, or ankle range of motion was found. The reliability of measurements was good to excellent (mean [95% confidence interval] range of reliability, 0.67 [0.44–0.83] to 0.80 [0.63–0.90]).ConclusionsMeasurements of passive stiffness of the lateral gastrocnemius muscle are feasible and reliable in children as young as 2 years. Because this study found no significant difference between sex and the side tested in this age group, future studies involving children of this age range may not need to be stratified on the basis of these parameters. Defining normal passive muscle stiffness in children is critical for identifying and understanding the implications of abnormal passive muscle stiffness in children with neuromuscular disorders.
Successful clozapine rechallenge following clozapine-induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Authors: Ross Clint 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a potential life-threatening adverse effect of antipsychotics. Characteristic signs and symptoms of NMS include hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic instability. Treatment of NMS includes discontinuation of any antipsychotic or other potentially offending agents. This report describes the details of a patient diagnosed with NMS induced by clozapine with subsequent successful rechallenge. Given limited therapeutic options for patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia, clinicians should be cognizant of potential risks but aware of the possibility of successful rechallenge with clozapine.
The impact of splay faults on fluid flow, solute transport, and pore pressure distribution in subduction zones: A case study offshore the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica
Authors: Lauer Rachel M. , Saffer Demian M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractObservations of seafloor seeps on the continental slope of many subduction zones illustrate that splay faults represent a primary hydraulic connection to the plate boundary at depth, carry deeply sourced fluids to the seafloor, and are in some cases associated with mud volcanoes. However, the role of these structures in forearc hydrogeology remains poorly quantified. We use a 2‐D numerical model that simulates coupled fluid flow and solute transport driven by fluid sources from tectonically driven compaction and smectite transformation to investigate the effects of permeable splay faults on solute transport and pore pressure distribution. We focus on the Nicoya margin of Costa Rica as a case study, where previous modeling and field studies constrain flow rates, thermal structure, and margin geology. In our simulations, splay faults accommodate up to 33% of the total dewatering flux, primarily along faults that outcrop within 25 km of the trench. The distribution and fate of dehydration‐derived fluids is strongly dependent on thermal structure, which determines the locus of smectite transformation. In simulations of a cold end‐member margin, smectite transformation initiates 30 km from the trench, and 64% of the dehydration‐derived fluids are intercepted by splay faults and carried to the middle and upper slope, rather than exiting at the trench. For a warm end‐member, smectite transformation initiates 7 km from the trench, and the associated fluids are primarily transmitted to the trench via the décollement (50%), and faults intercept only 21% of these fluids. For a wide range of splay fault permeabilities, simulated fluid pressures are near lithostatic where the faults intersect overlying slope sediments, providing a viable mechanism for the formation of mud volcanoes.
Ice thickness effects on Aquarius brightness temperatures over Antarctica
Authors: Pablos Miriam , Piles María , González‐Gambau Verónica , Camps Adriano , Vall‐llossera Mercè 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe Dome‐C region, in the East Antarctic Plateau, is regarded as an ideal natural laboratory for calibration/validation of space‐borne microwave radiometers. At L‐band, the thermal stability of this region has been confirmed by several experimental campaigns. However, its use as an independent external calibration target has recently been questioned due to some spatial inhomogeneities and seasonal effects revealed in the brightness temperatures (TB) acquired in this area. This paper shows the observed relationship, from exploratory research, between the Antarctic ice thickness spatial variations and the measured Aquarius TB changes. A 3‐months no‐daylight period during the Austral winter has been analyzed. Four transects have been defined over East Antarctica covering areas with different ice thickness variations and ranges. The theoretical L‐band penetration depth has been estimated to understand the possible contributions to the measured signal. A good agreement has been observed between Aquarius TB and ice thickness variations over the whole Antarctica, with correlations of ∼0.6–0.7. The two variables show a linear trend with slopes of ∼8.3–9.5 K/km. No correlation has been observed with the subglacial bedrock. The maximum L‐band penetration depth has been estimated to be ∼1–1.5 km. Results are therefore consistent: the spatial variations found on Aquarius TB are not related to the emissivity of the bedrock, which lies deeper. This study provides evidence that new L‐band satellite observations could contribute to further our understanding of Antarctic geophysical processes.