bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O elogio das aparências: Hannah Arendt e a crítica aos Direitos Humanos
Authors: Guimarães Helena 
Published: April 2015

Neste estudo procede-se à análise arendtiana da tradição filosófica
inaugurada por Platão, dando destaque ao papel que, segundo Arendt,
ela terá tido na irrupção do sem-precedentes que traumaticamente marcou
o século XX - o totalitarismo -, e perante o qual a Declaração dos Direitos
do Homem viria a revelar-se uma fórmula vazia. É que, rejeitando Arendt
a noção de um qualquer tipo de explicação causal para o fenómeno totalitário,
não deixa de ser possível vislumbrar uma relação entre a tradição
ocidental da filosofia política e o espírito da idade Moderna, como se este
levasse a cabo uma radicalização dos fundamentos da primeira: o apagamento
da pluralidade, o controlo da espontaneidade, a fusão de juízo e
episteme, de legitimidade e obediência. Nesta linha, far-se-á também uma
primeira prospecção do fundo em que assentam os alicerces do pensamento
arendtiano - um fundo que está, surpreendentemente, à superfície.
Depois, entrar-se-á no debate que é razão de ser maior deste trabalho,
convocando a concreta História que o animou, sem por isso, sempre que
se afigurou oportuno, se deixar de se evocar alguns conceitos arendtianos
- que não são, afinal, senão outro rosto do dado.
Os efeitos da mudança social sobre o binômio tributação e democracia na sociedade pós-Revolução Industrial
Authors: Falcão Maurin Almeida 
Published: April 2015

Esse trabalho se propõe a conduzir uma argumentação a partir
da qual o conceito sociológico de mudança social possa ser associado à instauração
da progressividade do tributo na sociedade pós-Revolução Industrial.
A partir desse pressuposto, uma descrição minuciosa do fenômeno da
mudança social será conduzida de forma a permitir, ao final, o estabelecimento
de um liame entre a própria mudança social e o binômio tributação
e democracia, utensílio indispensável à dinâmica do corpo social em busca
de mais liberdade e de rompimento com o passado opressor. Por isso, se
fará necessário descrever não apenas as variáveis que compõem a mudança
social mas também as justificativas para a instauração da progressividade
como fiadora do Estado social. Nesse sentido, busca-se a obtenção de um
resultado teórico capaz de relacionar o progresso social à progressividade
como meio de coesão social no seio da incipiente sociedade solidária.
Assim é que serão demonstrados, por meio de um diálogo entre diversos
autores, os fatos sociais que levaram à formulação do conceito de mudança
social, com nítidas influências no pensamento sociológico do Século XIX.
Com efeito, Comte, Durkheim e Marx, dentre outros, passaram a explicar
o comportamento do corpo social em face dos novos modos de produção,
das falhas do mercado e do desequilíbrio entre capital e trabalho. Em consequência,
a mudança social passou a ser um fato central para a sociologia.
Por outro lado, o advento do Estado-intervencionista e da sociedade solidária
foram responsáveis por uma nova paisagem social no Século XIX.
O medo do amanhã e da volta a um passado opressor foram afastados em
proveito dos valores democráticos que se firmavam no processo social em
curso. Privilegiava-se a busca pela justiça social e pela dignidade humana,
o que somente poderia ser assegurado pela consolidação da grande sociedade
solidária, esteada na mudança social e nos cânones da justiça fiscal.
Todos deveriam contribuir para o bem-estar comum segundo as suas faculdades
econômicas.
Direito e(m) alteridade: o individualismo exacerbado e a abstração dos Direitos Humanos
Authors: Flores Nilton , Bortoloti José Carlos Kraemer 
Published: April 2015

A concretização dos direitos humanos grava, na expectativa do
presente texto, a alteridade - pensando-se essa a partir do humanismo do
outro homem - como conteúdo das relações intersubjetivas (Eu â†” Outro
= engendramento social) e como fator preponderante para que os direitos
humanos tenham aspectos atuais de efetividade. Parte-se da constatação de
que o indivíduo (Eu) ao compreender o humanismo do outro homem, ao
mesmo tempo em que se insere em um ambiente interpretativo e constante
de afirmação de direitos, percebe que nas relações sociais igualmente é o
coletivo (Outro). A problemática inserida na efetivação dos direitos humanos
a partir da alteridade está vinculada ao fato de que as relações intersubjetivas
ficam vinculadas unicamente a constatação de que o indivíduo
deve ter seu rol de direitos humanos protegidos/alcançados, velando-se a
possibilidade da percepção do humanismo do outro homem (alteridade)
como fator de efetivação dos direitos humanos a partir do núcleo social
formado por relações intersubjetivas de reconhecimento. Assim, o texto
fomenta a complexidade do direito e(m) alteridade em um contexto de
individualismo exacerbado e a consequente abstração dos direitos humanos,
evidenciando, com isso, a necessária transcendência do direito
(apenas) ao indivíduo.
Teorias jurídicas contemporâneas: uma análise crítica sob a perspectiva institucional*
Authors: Souza Rafael Bezerra de , Bolonha Carlos 
Published: April 2015

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de analisar as insuficiências do
modelo principialista de interpretação-aplicação constitucional, característicos
do Neoconstitucionalismo e do Novo Constitucionalismo Latinoamericano,
considerados neste estudo como sendo teorias normativas per-
feccionistas, prescritivas e ideais. Sustenta-se que estas teorias normativas,
sob os auspícios de uma suposta efetivação plena dos direitos fundamentais,
acabam por negligenciar a prática constitucional, o funcionamento
das instituições e seus processos decisórios, assim como, a própria atividade
institucional. Neste sentido, buscar-se-á, sob uma perspectiva institucional,
uma visão alternativa que auxilie na compreensão dos desenhos e
mecanismos institucionais quando do processo decisório. Conclui-se pela
necessidade de rearranjo da arquitetura institucional brasileira em busca
de uma configuração adequada para as instituições democráticas, a partir
da superação de tradicionais concepções interpretativas e da construção
de um processo político-decisório estável, simétrico, menos ativista, mais
dialógico, por parte dos sujeitos constitucionais
A Judicialização das Políticas Públicas e o Supremo Tribunal Federal
Authors: Ribas Giovanna Paola Primor , Souza Filho Carlos Frederico Marés de 
Published: April 2015

Um dos grandes questionamentos da atualidade no mundo jurídico
e objetivo desse trabalho é verificar se o Judiciário teria legitimidade para implementar políticas públicas. Para tanto, utilizou-se uma abordagem
crítica e a investigação se desenvolveu mediante pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Logicamente que este Poder não pode sub-rogar as funções
do Executivo. Contudo, a legitimidade do Estado passa a ter como fundamento não apenas a representatividade popular do Legislativo e do Executivo, mas também a realização de finalidades coletivas que passam a ser previstas nas Constituições dos Estados. Como toda atividade política exercida pelo Legislativo e pelo Executivo deve se compatibilizar com a Constituição, cabe ao Poder Judiciário analisar os atos ou omissões sob o prisma do atendimento aos fins do Estado, ou seja, em última análise à sua constitucionalidade.
Microstructural evidences for mineralogical inheritance in partially molten rocks: example from the Vosges Mts
Authors: Hasalová Pavlína , Schulmann Karel , Tabaud Anne Sophie , Oliot Emilien 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
During orogenic processes continental crust experiences significant partial melting. Repeated thermal pulses or fluctuation in fluid content can even cause multiple anatectic events that result in complex intrusion suits. In the Vosges mountains, France, two main generations of magmatic rocks are recorded. The first magmatic event occurred at ca. 340 Ma, and is represented by extensive K-Mg granitoids magmatism. The second magmatic event occurred at ca. 325 Ma and produced large quantity of felsic anatectic melts which further pervasively intruded and compositionally and texturally reworked previously formed granitoids. Detailed field and microstructural observations revealed continuous transitions from porphyritic granite with large euhedral Kfs and Pl phenocrysts (Type I granite) via intermediate granite (Type II) to fine-grained apparently isotropic granite (Type III) dominated by the neo-crystallized melt. The Type I granite preserves the original magmatic assemblage and has only incipient amount of the newly crystallized melt. The new melt-crystallized material forms narrow, fine-grained pathways along grain boundaries or cuts across pre-existing magmatic grains and forms an interlinked network. With increasing amount of the newly crystallized material the original magmatic grains are resorbed and show highly corroded shapes. The early formed feldspars grains have strong compositional zoning, with oscillatory zoned cores reflecting range of original magmatic compositions and rims showing later melt overgrowths. Original magmatic feldspars have different composition from the new phases crystallizing in the partially molten granite. We interpret the fine-grained microscopic corridors as melt pathways that were exploited by the new magma. We suggest that this melt pervasively migrated through the older granitoids resulting in mixture of inherited “xenocrysts” and of new melt-derived crystals. The interaction between the new melt and previously crystallized granitoids results in variety of granite textures and fabrics. These reflect different degrees of equilibration between the bulk rock and the passing melt. Finally, Type III granite carries mixed isotopic signature intermediate between the type I granite and the surrounding metasediments and granulites, suggesting mixing of the original granite with new later magma with source in these rocks.
Variscan crustal thickening in the Maures-Tanneron massif (South Variscan belt, France): new in situ monazite U-Th-Pb chemical dating of high-grade rocks
Authors: Oliot Emilien , Melleton Jérémie , Schneider Julie , Corsini Michel , Gardien Véronique , Rolland Yann 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAge constraints on the protoliths, deformation, metamorphism and melting events are key parameters when correlating different continental lithospheric remnants among each other and disentangling their evolution within large-scale orogens. In situ U-Th-Pb chemical dating on monazites using Electron Probe Micro-Analyser (EPMA) has been performed on eight samples throughout the Variscan Maures-Tanneron massif (SE France) in order to date the medium to high-tectonothermal events related to the Variscan orogeny.Results indicate a polyphased crustal evolution : (i) U-Th-Pb ages obtained in polygenetic monazite grain cores gave inherited Upper Ordovician (456 ± 11 Ma) age, highlighting the large scale occurrence of the Ordovician magmatic activity in the North Gondwanian margin. An Early Devonian (404 ± 10 Ma) age may date a protolith emplacement related to calc-alkaline supra-subduction magmatism or could be associated to an early medium-grade metamorphism, prior to collisional stage. (ii) The crustal thickening stage has been further recorded in prograde metamorphic monazites formed during the underthrusting and subsequent nappe stacking events, under amphibolite facies conditions. This stage is dated between 382 ± 11 (Middle Devonian) and 331 ± 5 Ma (Late Visean). (iii) An orogenic partial melting event took place during Middle Carboniferous and is accompanied by the crystallization of crustal peraluminous magmas (Plan-de-la-Tour granite, 329 ± 3 Ma).This contribution demonstrates the capacity of monazite to record the prograde path of rocks during increasing metamorphic conditions related to stages of crustal thickening, and the robustness of the U-Th-Pb chronometer in monazite despite the overprinting of high-grade thermal events, including partial melting. The age ranges of the different orogenic stages reported in this study are in good agreement with those reported in adjacent Variscan Corsica and Sardinia; while correlations with other nearest Variscan massifs like the Argentera massif in the southwestern Alps or the French Massif Central remain more hypothetic. The Internal Zone of the Maures-Tanneron massif, and more widely the Internal Zone of the Maures-Tanneron-Corsica-Sardinia segment, is part of the southern orogenic root system of the Variscan belt.
New Dynamic-Surface-Tension Analysis Yields Improved Residual Surfactant Measurements in Flowback and Produced Waters
Authors: Rane J. P. , Xu L.. 
Published: April 2015

Summary
Surfactant is a significant component within fracturing-fluid additives that is used for enhancing oil and gas production following stimulation of unconventional reservoirs. To help ensure optimal applications of surfactants, operating and service companies have been searching for tools for tracking surfactant residuals in flowback and produced waters, which possibly can be correlated with well productivity. This paper discusses the residual surfactant concentration measured in produced water from example Barnett shale formation wells by use of a dynamic surface tension (DST) technique, which yields much more accurate measurements. DST measurement by maximum bubble-pressure technique is well-known, but it has not been used explicitly for the application of residual surfactant measurement in produced water. A comparison of DST includes evaluating the diffusion coefficient to the reaction kinetics of adsorption of a known molecule(s) in produced water. Short-time kinetics of adsorption of different molecules vary on the basis of chemical nature and molecular size. Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy is used to confirm the results. An estimate of residual concentrations from UV–Vis appears to be coherent with DST-measurement values.
Such measurements can be useful in determining the surfactant concentration during pumping and the surfactant performance during and after hydraulic-fracturing operations. Additionally, these measurements serve a vital role in tailoring the surfactant additive to specific reservoir conditions to achieve higher oil recovery. Real-time production results from these different wells are analyzed and appear dependent on the corresponding residual surfactant concentrations from produced waters. This unique technique is new to the authors’ knowledge for its use to study and analyze produced water for surfactant-additive concentration.
Privacy Issues in the Development of a Virtual Mental Health Clinic for University Students: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Gulliver Amelia , Bennett Kylie , Bennett Anthony , Farrer Louise M , Reynolds Julia , Griffiths Kathleen M 
Published: April 2015

Background
There is a growing need to develop online services for university students with the capacity to complement existing services and efficiently address student mental health problems. Previous research examining the development and acceptability of online interventions has revealed that issues such as privacy critically impact user willingness to engage with these services.

Objective
To explore university student perspectives on privacy issues related to using an online mental health service within the context of the development of an online, university-based virtual mental health clinic.

Methods
There were two stages of data collection. The first stage consisted of four 1.5-hour focus groups conducted with university students (n=19; 10 female, 9 male, mean age = 21.6 years) to determine their ideas about the virtual clinic including privacy issues. The second stage comprised three 1-hour prototype testing sessions conducted with university students (n=6; 3 male, 3 female, mean age = 21.2 years) using participatory design methods to develop and refine a service model for the virtual clinic and determine student views on privacy within this context.

Results
The students raised a number of issues related to privacy in relation to the development of the university virtual clinic. Major topics included the types of personal information they would be willing to provide (minimal information and optional mental health data), concern about potential access to their personal data by the university, the perceived stigma associated with registering for the service, and privacy and anonymity concerns related to online forums contained within the virtual clinic.

Conclusions
Students would be more comfortable providing personal information and engaging with the virtual clinic if they trust the privacy and security of the service. Implications of this study include building the clinic in a flexible way to accommodate user preferences.
Improving Long-Term Outcomes for Chronic Low Back Pain: Time for a New Paradigm?
Authors: Beattie Paul F. , Silfies Sheri P. 
Published: April 2015

These are exciting times for physical therapists who treat people with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Many of the mysteries of this condition are starting to be revealed, and it appears that major breakthroughs are on the way. Advances in neuroimaging, coupled with increased understanding of the molecular and submolecular events associated with the symptoms of back pain, are helping us reconceptualize the etiologies and mechanisms of this condition. The result of these advances is that physical therapists now have a wide range of potential “treatment packages” that can include patient education, manual therapy, and a wide variety of exercise options for people with CLBP. The question is, “How can long-term, self-management programs become more effective?” J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(4):236–239. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.0105
Need and importance of health protection training in Nepal
Authors: Simkhada P , Lee A , Van Teijlingen E , Karki K , Neupane CH 
Published: April 2015

By investing in health protection, the health of the nation can be safeguarded from future threats of uncontrolled infectious disease epidemics and disasters. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v5i1.12373
Treatment outcome of TB patients in a district of north India: a three year study
Authors: Padda P , Gupta V , Devgan S , Chaudhary S , Singh G 
Published: April 2015

Background Tuberculosis (TB), still remains a public health problem of great concern. It was estimated that 8.6 million people developed TB and 1.3 million died from it. India has the highest TB burden in the world. DOTS ensures high cure. Therefore the present study was planned to assess the outcome of DOTS treatment among pulmonary and extra pulmonary TB patients reporting at DOTS centers of the district Materials and methods: A record based study using the routine program data of Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme was conducted in one of twenty two districts of state of Punjab, situated in northern India. Records of all the patients registered from 1st January 2011 till 31st December 2013 were analysed using descriptive statistics. The differences between proportions were compared using tests of significance. Results: A total of 2571 new cases of Tuberculosis were registered during the study period of three years, out of which 44.8%, 22.9% and 32.3% were diagnosed to be new smear positive, smear negative and suffering from Extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) and a total of 369 retreatment cases were registered. Cure rates were highest among patients suffering from EPTB when compared to those of smear positive and smear negative. The proportion of defaulters among smear positive failures was highest, followed by smear positive after default and lowest in smear positive relapses. Conclusion Cure rates were higher among EPTB cases whereas default rate was more among patients suffering from pulmonary TB. Therefore higher level of motivation of cases by health and non-health personnel is required as untreated or under treated pulmonary TB cases are responsible for transmission of the disease in the community. Default rates could be decreased by concrete efforts in the form of strict supervision and monitoring. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v5i1.12376
Cracks on the Roots of Turbine Blades of the Low-Pressure Turbine in a Steam Power Plant
Authors: Plesiutschnig E. , Vallant R. , Stöfan G. , Sommitsch C. , Mayr M. , Marn A. , Heitmeier F. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Cracks were found in the roots of steam turbine blades of the third blade row (LA-2) of the low-pressure turbine during revision works in a coal-fired power plant. Metallographic examinations reveal pitting corrosion sites, branched cracks, and local plastic deformation at the root of the first load bearing flank radius. The fracture surface was analyzed using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Finite element (FE) simulations were performed in order to qualitatively represent the stress peak positions on the blade root.
Novel Methods for the Site Specific Preparation of Micromechanical Structures
Authors: Wurster S. , Treml R. , Fritz R. , Kapp M. W. , Langs E. , Alfreider M. , Ruhs C. , Imrich P.J. , Felber G. , Kiener D. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The ongoing trend towards miniaturization in various fields of material science requires the capability to investigate the local mechanical properties of the concerned structures by miniaturized mechanical experiments. Besides nanoindentation, miniaturized experiments such as micro-compression, micro-tension, micro-bending, or micro-fracture tests were employed frequently in recent times. A major challenge for these experiments is the fabrication of specimens. Therefore, we present different approaches to prepare miniaturized testing objects in a site specific way, using strategies that employ chemical etching, broad beam ion milling, and focussed ion beam milling. Depending on the required sample size and precision, the typical strategies for sample fabrication will be outlined, and the benefits and drawbacks of the techniques are discussed. Finally, applications of specimens produced by the different procedures are presented.
Imaging Structural Damage of Bacteria on Antibacterial Copper – a Scanning Electron Microscopy Study Using FIB Cross-Sectioning
Authors: Hans M. , Rojan A.-L. , Mücklich F. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The combination Scanning Electron Microscopy/Focused Ion Beam sectioning represents an established method for the three-dimensional characterization of material microstructures. This work examines whether this method of analysis is also applicable in case of a high resolution structure elucidation of bacterial cells in interaction with material surfaces. Here, the focus is on imaging the mechanism of bacteria cell damage induced by antibacterial copper materials.