bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Familiar Sequences Are Processed Faster Than Unfamiliar Sequences, Even When They Do Not Match the Count‐List
Authors: Devlin Declan , Moeller Korbinian , Xenidou‐Dervou Iro , Reynvoet Bert , Sella Francesco 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn order processing, consecutive sequences (e.g., 1‐2‐3) are generally processed faster than nonconsecutive sequences (e.g., 1‐3‐5) (also referred to as the reverse distance effect). A common explanation for this effect is that order processing operates via a memory‐based associative mechanism whereby consecutive sequences are processed faster because they are more familiar and thus more easily retrieved from memory. Conflicting with this proposal, however, is the finding that this effect is often absent. A possible explanation for these absences is that familiarity may vary both within and across sequence types; therefore, not all consecutive sequences are necessarily more familiar than all nonconsecutive sequences. Accordingly, under this familiarity perspective, familiar sequences should always be processed faster than unfamiliar sequences, but consecutive sequences may not always be processed faster than nonconsecutive sequences. To test this hypothesis in an adult population, we used a comparative judgment approach to measure familiarity at the individual sequence level. Using this measure, we found that although not all participants showed a reverse distance effect, all participants displayed a familiarity effect. Notably, this familiarity effect appeared stronger than the reverse distance effect at both the group and individual level; thus, suggesting the reverse distance effect may be better conceptualized as a specific instance of a more general familiarity effect.
Terbinafin‐resistente Trichophyton indotineae mit F397L/L393S‐ oder F397L/L393F‐Mutation bei Patienten mit Tinea incognita unter Glukokortikosteroiden
Authors: Tamimi Pegah , Fattahi Mahsa , Ghaderi Aliasghar , Firooz Alireza , Shirvani Fariba , Alkhen Ahmed , Zamani Shayan 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Tinea incognita (TI) ist eine diagnostische Herausforderung für den Dermatologen, da sie andere Dermatosen imitieren kann. In unklaren Fällen ist die eindeutige Identifizierung des Erregers durch ITS‐Sequenzierung (Internal Transcribed Spacer) entscheidend. Das Problem arzneimittelresistenter Dermatophytosen nimmt weltweit zu, wobei Trichophyton (T.) indotineae deren Hauptursache ist. In dieser Studie werden vier Fälle von TI (diagnostiziert als Ekzem) durch Terbinafin‐resistente T.‐indotineae‐Stämmen vorgestellt sowie die aktuelle globale TI‐Epidemiologie basierend auf den geographischen Kontinenten und den damit verbundenen Bedingungen erörtert. Außerdem wird über Squalenepoxidase (SQLE)‐assoziierte Resistenzmechanismen berichtet. Läsionen, die durch Terbinafin‐resistente Stämme von T. indotineae verursacht werden, sprechen nicht auf Allylamin‐Antimykotika an, was die Ausbreitung der Infektion begünstigt. Bei T.‐indotineae‐Isolaten ist die SQLE‐F397L‐Substitution die häufigste Mutation, die zur Resistenz gegenüber Azolen beiträgt. Bei allen Isolaten, die eine hohe Resistenz aufwiesen, wurden F397L‐ und L393F‐Substitutionen in SQLE nachgewiesen. L393S‐Substitutionen wurde in Isolaten mit niedrig resistenten Stämmen beobachtet. Interessanterweise wurde zum ersten Mal eine L393F‐Aminosäuresubstitution im SQLE‐Genprodukt in einem klinischen T.‐indotineae‐Stamm aus dem Iran nachgewiesen. Des Weiteren wird in dieser Studie eine genombasierte Aktualisierung der Terbinafin‐Resistenz mit Schwerpunkt auf T. indotineae diskutiert.
Vitamin D deficiency and effect of treatment on seizure frequency and quality of life parameters in patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Chassoux Francine , Navarro Vincent , Quirins Marion , Laurent Agathe , Gavaret Martine , Cousyn Louis , Crépon Benoit , Landré Elisabeth , Marchi Angela , Soufflet Christine , Rusu‐Devaux Violeta , Mancusi Rossella Letizia , Piketty Marie‐Liesse , Souberbielle Jean‐Claude 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study was undertaken to assess the effect of treatment of vitamin D deficiency in drug‐resistant epilepsy.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized clinical trial, including patients aged ≥15 years with drug‐resistant focal or generalized epilepsy. Patients with 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) < 30 ng/mL were randomized to an experimental group (EG) receiving vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol, 100 000 IU, five doses in 3 months) or a control group (CG) receiving matched placebo. During the open‐label study, EG patients received 100 000 IU/month for 6 months, whereas CG patients received five doses in 3 months then 1/month for 3 months. Monitoring included seizure frequency (SF), 25(OH)D, calcium, albumin, creatinine assays, and standardized scales for fatigue, anxiety–depression, and quality of life (Modified Fatigue Impact Scale [M‐FIS], Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Quality of Life in Epilepsy [QOLIE‐31]) at 3, 6, and 12 months. The primary efficacy outcome was the percentage of SF reduction compared to the reference period and CG at 3 months. Secondary outcomes were SF and bilateral tonic–clonic seizure (BTCS) reduction, scale score changes, and correlations with 25(OH)D during the follow‐up.ResultsEighty‐eight patients were enrolled in the study (56 females, aged 17–74 years), with median baseline SF per 3 months = 16.5 and ≥2 antiseizure medications in 88.6%. In 75 patients (85%), 25(OH)D was <30 ng/mL; 40 of them were randomly assigned to EG and 34 to CG. After the 3‐month blinded period, SF reduction did not significantly differ between groups. However, during the open‐label period, SF significantly decreased (30% median SF reduction, 33% responder rate at 12 months). BTCSs were reduced by 52%. M‐FIS and QOLIE‐31 scores were significantly improved at the whole group level. SF reduction correlated with 25(OH)D > 30 ng/mL for >6 months.SignificanceDespite no proven effect after the 3‐month blinded period, the open‐label study suggests that long‐term vitamin D3 supplementation with optimal 25(OH)D may reduce SF and BTCSs, with a positive effect on fatigue and quality of life. These findings need to be confirmed by further long‐term studies.Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03475225 (03‐22‐2018).
Effect of adenosinergic manipulations on amygdala‐kindled seizures in mice: Implications for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy
Authors: Purnell Benton S. , Petrucci Alexandra N. , Li Rui , Buchanan Gordon F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveSudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) results in more years of potential life lost than any neurological condition with the exception of stroke. It is generally agreed that SUDEP happens due to some form of respiratory, cardiac, and electrocerebral dysfunction following a seizure; however, the mechanistic cause of these perturbations is unclear. One possible explanation lies with adenosinergic signaling. Extracellular levels of the inhibitory neuromodulator adenosine rapidly rise during seizures, a countermeasure that is necessary for seizure termination. Previous evidence has suggested that excessive adenosinergic inhibition could increase the risk of SUDEP by silencing brain areas necessary for life, such as the respiratory nuclei of the brainstem. The goal of this investigation was to further clarify the role of adenosine in seizure‐induced respiratory and electrocerebral dysfunction.MethodsTo determine the role of adenosine in postictal physiological dysregulation, we pharmacologically manipulated adenosine signaling prior to amygdala‐kindled seizures in mice while recording electroencephalogram (EEG), electromyogram, and breathing using whole body plethysmography. The adenosinergic drugs used in this study included selective and nonselective adenosine receptor antagonists and inhibitors of adenosine metabolism.ResultsWe found that high doses of adenosine receptor antagonists caused some seizures to result in seizure‐induced death; however, counterintuitively, animals in these conditions that did not experience seizure‐induced death had little or no postictal generalized EEG suppression. Inhibitors of adenosine metabolism had no effect on postictal breathing but did worsen some postictal electrocerebral outcomes.SignificanceThe unexpected effect of high doses of adenosine antagonists on seizure‐induced death observed in this study may be due to the increase in seizure severity, vasoconstriction, or phosphodiesterase inhibition caused by these drugs at high doses. These findings further clarify the role of adenosine in seizure‐induced death and may have implications for the consumption of caffeine in epilepsy patients and the prevention of SUDEP.
FRICTIONAL SORTING: THE IMPACTS OF DUAL CONSTRAINTS ON MOBILITY AND HOUSING SUPPLY IN CHINA
Authors: Liang Wenquan , Song Ran , Timmins Christopher 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUsing an equilibrium sorting model and microdata from China, we evaluate the impacts of dual constraints on mobility and housing supply on workers’ sorting behavior, quantifying the welfare and distributional consequences. Counterfactual simulations show that lowering migration costs associated with institutional restrictions and migrant‐specific amenities would increase welfare and reduce inequality by moving workers from inland to coastal regions in China. These impacts depend on the housing supply elasticity in coastal regions. Similarly, the impacts of relaxing housing supply restrictions depend on mobility constraints. Results highlight the policy complementarities between reducing the two kinds of frictions.
Attitude and utilization of ChatGPT among registered nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Lin Hui‐Ling , Liao Li‐Ling , Wang Ya‐Ni , Chang Li‐Chun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimThis study explores the influencing factors of attitudes and behaviors toward use of ChatGPT based on the Technology Acceptance Model among registered nurses in Taiwan.BackgroundThe complexity of medical services and nursing shortages increases workloads. ChatGPT swiftly answers medical questions, provides clinical guidelines, and assists with patient information management, thereby improving nursing efficiency.IntroductionTo facilitate the development of effective ChatGPT training programs, it is essential to examine registered nurses’ attitudes toward and utilization of ChatGPT across diverse workplace settings.MethodsAn anonymous online survey was used to collect data from over 1000 registered nurses recruited through social media platforms between November 2023 and January 2024. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted for data analysis.ResultsAmong respondents, some were unfamiliar with ChatGPT, while others had used it before, with higher usage among males, higher‐educated individuals, experienced nurses, and supervisors. Gender and work settings influenced perceived risks, and those familiar with ChatGPT recognized its social impact. Perceived risk and usefulness significantly influenced its adoption.DiscussionNurse attitudes to ChatGPT vary based on gender, education, experience, and role. Positive perceptions emphasize its usefulness, while risk concerns affect adoption. The insignificant role of perceived ease of use highlights ChatGPT's user‐friendly nature.ConclusionOver half of the surveyed nurses had used or were familiar with ChatGPT and showed positive attitudes toward its use. Establishing rigorous guidelines to enhance their interaction with ChatGPT is crucial for future training.Implications for nursing and health policyNurse managers should understand registered nurses’ attitudes toward ChatGPT and integrate it into in‐service education with tailored support and training, including appropriate prompt formulation and advanced decision‐making, to prevent misuse.
Why do managers announce the intention to sell large assets?
Authors: de Jong Abe , Ghazizadeh Pouyan , Schlingemann Frederik P. , Shazia Farhan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNearly one‐third of asset sale announcements are preceded by a public statement of the intent to sell. These voluntary disclosures generate significant average returns of 1.1%. Pre‐announcements bias returns around the actual asset sales toward zero. Due to opportunistic managerial behavior, pre‐announcements occur after poor stock performance and CEO turnover. Managers also opportunistically exercise options around the pre‐announcements and receive potential benefits from the uptick in stock prices. Although we find no effect of pre‐announcements on long‐term operational performance, we do observe a negative effect on stock returns using three and four‐factor models.
Comparison of the Burden and Temporal Pattern of Hospitalisations Associated With Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Before and After COVID‐19 in New Zealand
Authors: Turner Nikki , Aminisani Nayyereh , Huang Sue , O'Donnell Jane , Trenholme Adrian , Broderick David , Paynter Janine , Castelino Lorraine , Grant Cameron , McIntyre Peter 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundChanges in the epidemiology of illnesses caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection following the COVID‐19 pandemic are reported. The New Zealand (NZ) COVID‐19 situation was unique; RSV community transmission was eliminated with the 2020 border closure, with a rapid and large increase in hospitalizations following the relaxation of social isolation measures and the opening of an exclusive border with Australia.MethodsThis active population‐based surveillance compared the age‐specific incidence and seasonality of RSV‐associated hospitalizations in Auckland, NZ, for 2 years before and after the 2020 border closures. Hospitalisation rates between years were compared by age, ethnicity (European/other, Māori, Pacific and Asian) and socioeconomic group (1 = least, 5 = most deprived).ResultsThere was no RSV transmission in 2020. In all other years, hospitalisation rates were highest for people of Pacific versus other ethnic groups and for people living in the most deprived quintile of households. RSV hospitalisation rates were higher in 2021 and 2022 than in 2018–19. The epidemic peak was higher in 2021, but not 2022, and the duration was shorter than in 2018–19. In 2021, the increase in RSV hospitalisation rates was significant across all age, sex, ethnic and socioeconomic groups. In 2022, the increase in hospitalisation rates was only significant in one age (1– < 3 years), one ethnic (Asian) and one socioeconomic group (quintile 2).ConclusionsCOVID pandemic responses altered RSV‐related hospitalisation seasonal patterns. Atypical features of RSV hospitalisation epidemiology were the increase in rates in older children and young adults, which lessened in 2022. Despite these variations, RSV hospitalisations in NZ continue to disproportionately affect individuals of Pacific ethnicity and those living in more socioeconomically deprived households. Whilst future public health strategies focused on RSV disease mitigation need to consider the potential shifts in epidemiological patterns when the transmission is disrupted, these variances must be considered in the context of longer‐standing patterns of unequal disease distribution.
Experiences of family carers in providing care to children with intellectual disabilities in India: A qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: Cithambaram Kumaresan , Corby D. , Rajendran Shankar Shanmugam 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundIndia has a significant prevalence of people with intellectual disabilities. Despite their higher prevalence, they receive poor support. Therefore, this review aims to explore the experiences of family carers in providing care for children with intellectual disabilities in India.MethodsA qualitative evidence synthesis was undertaken, searching databases such as MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PsycInfo up to October 2023. Grey literature was also searched for unpublished studies, with two reviewers assessing methodological quality. Eleven eligible studies, mostly qualitative in design, were included in the review. The data synthesis followed a thematic approach.ResultsThe synthesis found five themes representing family carers' experiences and perspectives. These were ‘resilience and acceptance’, ‘parental response’, ‘care dynamic’, ‘preparing for transition to adulthood’ and ‘parental advocacy’.ConclusionFamily carers hold diverse views, while almost all consider providing care complex and challenging, with few positive experiences.
Decline in use of high‐risk agents for tight glucose control among older adults with diabetes in New York City: 2017–2022
Authors: Zhang Jeff , Kanchi Rania , Conderino Sarah , Levy Natalie K. , Adhikari Samrachana , Blecker Saul , Davis Nichola , Divers Jasmin , Rabin Catherine , Weiner Mark , Thorpe Lorna , Dodson John A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to examine the prevalence of inappropriate tight glycemic control in older adults with type 2 diabetes and other chronic conditions in New York City, and to identify factors associated with this practice.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using the INSIGHT Clinical Research Network. The study population included 11,728 and 15,196 older adults in New York City (age ≥ 75 years) with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, and at least one other chronic medical condition, in 2017 and 2022, respectively. The main outcome of interest was inappropriate tight glycemic control, defined as HbA1c <7.0% (<53 mmol/mol) with prescription of at least one high‐risk agent (insulin or insulin secretagogue).ResultsThe proportion of older adults with inappropriate tight glycemic control decreased by nearly 19% over a five‐year period (19.4% in 2017 to 15.8% in 2022). There was a significant decrease in insulin (27.8% in 2017; 24.3% in 2022) and sulfonylurea (29.4% in 2017; 21.7% in 2022) medication prescription, and increase in use of GLP‐1 agonists (1.8% in 2017; 11.4% in 2022) and SGLT‐2 inhibitors (5.8% in 2017; 25.1% in 2022), among the total population. Factors associated with inappropriate tight glycemic control in 2022 included history of heart failure (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.38), chronic kidney disease ([aOR] 1.93), colorectal cancer ([aOR] 1.38), acute myocardial infarction ([aOR] 1.28), “other” ([aOR] 0.72) or “unknown” ([aOR] 0.72) race, and a point increase in BMI ([aOR] 0.98).ConclusionsWe found an encouraging trend toward less use of high‐risk medication strategies for older adults with type 2 diabetes and multiple chronic conditions. However, one in six patients in 2022 still had inappropriate tight glycemic control, indicating a need for continued efforts to optimize diabetes management in this population.
Use of chronic care management service among Medicare beneficiaries in 2015–2019
Authors: Jang Jieun , McCarthy Ellen P. , Olivieri‐Mui Brianne , Shi Sandra M. , Park Chan Mi , Oh Gahee , Sison Stephanie Denise M. , Kim Dae Hyun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) introduced chronic care management (CCM) services in 2015 for patients with multiple chronic diseases. Few studies examine the utilization of CCM services by geographic region, sociodemographic, and clinical characteristics.MethodsWe used 2014–2019 Medicare claims data from a 5% random sample of fee‐for‐service beneficiaries aged 65 years or over. We included beneficiaries potentially eligible for CCM services because they had multiple chronic conditions (1,073,729 in 2015 and 1,130,523 in 2019). We calculated the proportion of potentially eligible beneficiaries receiving CCM service each year for the total population and by geographic region, sociodemographic, and clinical characteristics.ResultsThe proportion of beneficiaries with two or more chronic conditions receiving CCM services increased from 1.1% in 2015 to 3.4% in 2019. The increase in CCM use was higher in the southern region, among dually eligible beneficiaries and beneficiaries with a greater burden of chronic conditions (2–5 conditions vs ≥10 conditions: 0.7% vs 2.0% in 2015; 2.1% vs 7.0% in 2019) and frailty (robust vs severely frail: 0.6% vs 3.3% in 2015; 1.9% vs 9.4% in 2019). Nearly one out of five recipients did not continue CCM service after the initial service.ConclusionWe found that CCM service is being used by a very small fraction of eligible patients. Barriers and facilitators to more effective CCM adoption should be identified and incorporated into strategies that encourage more widespread use of this Medicare benefit.
Postoperative use of sleep aids and delirium in older adults after major surgery: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Su Been , Park Chan Mi , Levin Raisa , Kim Dae Hyun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundSleep aids are commonly prescribed to treat sleep disturbance, a modifiable risk factor for postoperative delirium in older patients. The use of melatonin receptor agonists in the postoperative period has been increasing. The comparative safety of melatonin receptor agonists, zolpidem, and temazepam remains uncertain.MethodsThis retrospective study included 22,083 patients ≥65 years old who initiated melatonin receptor agonists, zolpidem, or temazepam after major surgery in the Premier Healthcare Database 2009–2018. We performed propensity score‐based overlap weighting and estimated the risk ratio (RR) and risk difference (RD) of postoperative delirium as the primary outcome and a composite of delirium or new antipsychotic initiation, pneumonia, and in‐hospital mortality as secondary outcomes.ResultsThe mean age of the study population was 78 (SD, 7) years and 50% were female. There was no significant difference in the risk of postoperative delirium among patients treated with melatonin receptor agonists (3.4%, reference group), zolpidem (2.9%; RR [95% CI], 0.9 [0.7–1.2]; RD [95% CI] per 100 persons, −0.3 [−1.1 to 0.6]), and temazepam (3.1%; 0.9 [0.7–1.1]; RD [95% CI] per 100 persons, −0.5 [−1.2 to 0.3]). The risks of delirium or new antipsychotic initiation, pneumonia, and in‐hospital mortality were also similar among all groups.ConclusionsMelatonin receptor agonists were not associated with a lower risk of postoperative delirium and other adverse outcomes compared with zolpidem and temazepam in older adults after major surgery.
The AaBBX21–AaHY5 module mediates light‐regulated artemisinin biosynthesis in Artemisia annua L.
Authors: He Weizhi , Liu Hang , Wu Zhangkuanyu , Miao Qing , Hu Xinyi , Yan Xin , Wen Hangyu , Zhang Yaojie , Fu Xueqing , Ren Li , Tang Kexuan , Li Ling 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTThe sesquiterpene lactone artemisinin is an important anti‐malarial component produced by the glandular secretory trichomes of sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua L.). Light was previously shown to promote artemisinin production, but the underlying regulatory mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), a central transcription factor in the light signaling pathway, cannot promote artemisinin biosynthesis on its own, as the binding of AaHY5 to the promoters of artemisinin biosynthetic genes failed to activate their transcription. Transcriptome analysis and yeast two‐hybrid screening revealed the B‐box transcription factor AaBBX21 as a potential interactor with AaHY5. AaBBX21 showed a trichome‐specific expression pattern. Additionally, the AaBBX21–AaHY5 complex cooperatively activated transcription from the promoters of the downstream genes AaGSW1, AaMYB108, and AaORA, encoding positive regulators of artemisinin biosynthesis. Moreover, AaHY5 and AaBBX21 physically interacted with the A. annua E3 ubiquitin ligase CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1). In the dark, AaCOP1 decreased the accumulation of AaHY5 and AaBBX21 and repressed the activation of genes downstream of the AaHY5–AaBBX21 complex, explaining the enhanced production of artemisinin upon light exposure. Our study provides insights into the central regulatory mechanism by which light governs terpenoid biosynthesis in the plant kingdom.