bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innate Lymphoid Cells in Cancer
Authors: Vallentin Blandine , Barlogis Vincent , Piperoglou Christelle , Cypowyj Sophie , Zucchini Nicolas , Chéné Matthieu , Navarro Florent , Farnarier Catherine , Vivier Eric , Vély Frédéric 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe world of lymphocytes has recently expanded. A group of cells, innate lymphoid cells (ILC), has been defined. It includes lymphoid cells that have been known for decades, such as natural killer (NK) cells and lymphoid tissue–inducer (LTi) cells. NK cells recognize a vast array of tumor cells, which they help to eliminate through cytotoxicity and the production of cytokines, such as IFNγ. Advances in our understanding of NK-cell biology have led to a growing interest in the clinical manipulation of these cells in cancer. The other ILCs are found mostly in the mucosae and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues, where they rapidly initiate immune responses to pathogens without the need for specific sensitization. Here, we outline the basic features of ILCs and review the role of ILCs other than NK cells in cancer. Much of the role of these ILCs in cancer remains unknown, but several findings should lead to further efforts to dissect the contribution of different ILC subsets to the promotion, maintenance, or elimination of tumors at various anatomic sites. This will require the development of standardized reagents and protocols for monitoring the presence and function of ILCs in human blood and tissue samples. Cancer Immunol Res; 3(10); 1109–14. ©2015 AACR.
The effects of α-solanine and zinc sulphate on the behaviour of potato cyst nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida
Authors: Būda Vincas , Čepulytė-Rakauskienė Rasa 
Published: October 2015

Two behavioural assays were carried out: one on the attraction of potato cyst nematodes (PCN),Globodera rostochiensisandG. pallida, to solanaceae-specific secondary metabolite α-solanine, the other on the effect of ZnSO4(a compound known to suppress chemoreceptors). The first assay demonstrated that α-solanine was attractive to second-stage juveniles (J2) of PCN;G. pallidawas attracted to concentrations of 10−4 M and 10−5 M, whereasG. rostochiensiswas attracted to 10−5 M.Globodera pallidareacted faster thanG. rostochiensisto the same concentration of α-solanine. As α-solanine is produced by host plants of PCN, this compound is attributed to kairomones. The response to α-solanine of nematodes pre-exposed to a 3 mM ZnSO4solution was significantly suppressed compared to that of water control. The effect was observed throughout the whole testing period (30 min). This is the first evidence that both α-solanine and ZnSO4can affect the behaviour of hatched J2 of PCN.
Swachh Odisha: A Case on Attempting to Inculcate Healthy Sanitation Practices in Rural Odisha
Authors: Tripathi M.N. 
Published: October 2015

The case focuses on the challenges faced by the state government in adhering to the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) goals to construct 120 million toilets by 2017 in rural areas in a bid to eradicate open defecation and achieve Open Defecation Free (ODF) status. This aim is in line with the seventh goal of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDG)—to ensure environmental sustainability. This was being spearheaded and funded by the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and led by the Government of India. To accomplish this, UNICEF was trying to incentivize people in rural areas to build toilets at home and use them. Incentives were given to the below-poverty-line (BPL) homes to construct toilets with a small contribution from the beneficiary. However, after a few years of implementation initiated in 1999, it was realized that the majority were still going out to defecate despite having toilets at home. The toilets constructed were being used for other purposes or lying dilapidated. The case centres on the progress of toilet implementation in rural areas in the state of Odisha, in which only 36 per cent of the target for toilet completion was achieved as against the national average of 54 per cent. To find out the reasons for such tardy progress, UNICEF decided to conduct a pilot study to ascertain the reasons, if any, for such low target achievement and arrive at a set of recommendations. Another objective of the study was to ascertain reasons as to why constructed toilets were still not being used despite being present at homes. The study was done in nine villages from three districts—three from each district. The criteria for selection of the districts were based on the performance of the TSC progress: good, average and poor. The selection of the villages for each district was based on the criteria as mentioned in the case.
Developing Service-Based Teaching in Health Education for Medical Students
Authors: Brieger William R. 
Published: October 2015

In the expanding concern about the social-behavioral aspects of health care in medical education, health education has opportunities for making itself an important part of basic medical training. The need is to actually define a physician's appropriate educational tasks and competencies as a basis for curriculum development in health education which would ideally be integrated into the whole educational program. This case study presents efforts to develop an educational service component at a rural health center which, connected to a major teaching hospital, serves as a learning base for medical students. Through trial and student feedback a program has been developed which includes patient counseling, evaluative home visits, group education sessions, exit interviews, medication counseling, community needs assessment and educational consultation with local school teachers. With this program as a foundation, the goal is to integrate health education learning throughout the rest of the medical curriculum.
The burden of multiple sclerosis variants in continental Italians and Sardinians
Authors: Barizzone Nadia , Zara Ilenia , Sorosina Melissa , Lupoli Sara , Porcu Eleonora , Pitzalis Maristella , Zoledziewska Magdalena , Esposito Federica , Leone Maurizio , Mulas Antonella , Cocco Eleonora , Ferrigno Paola , Guerini Franca R , Brambilla Paola , Farina Gabriele , Murru Raffaele , Deidda Francesca , Sanna Sonia , Loi Alessia , Barlassina Cristina , Vecchio Domizia , Zauli Andrea , Clarelli Ferdinando , Braga Daniele , Poddie Fausto , Cantello Roberto , Martinelli Vittorio , Comi Giancarlo , Frau Jessica , Lorefice Lorena , Pugliatti Maura , Rosati Giulio ,   PROGEMUS (PROgnostic GEnetic factors in MUltiple Sclerosis) Consortium PROGRESSO (Italian network of Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis) Consortium, Melis Maurizio , Marrosu Maria G , Cusi Daniele , Cucca Francesco , Martinelli Boneschi Filippo , Sanna Serena , D’Alfonso Sandra 
Published: October 2015

Background: Recent studies identified > 100 non-HLA (human leukocyte antigen) multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility variants in Northern European populations, but their role in Southern Europeans is largely unexplored. Objective: We aimed to investigate the cumulative impact of those variants in two Mediterranean populations: Continental Italians and Sardinians. Methods: We calculated four weighted Genetic Risk Scores (wGRS), using up to 102 non-HLA MS risk variants and 5 HLA MS susceptibility markers in 1691 patients and 2194 controls from continental Italy; and 2861 patients and 3034 controls from Sardinia. We then assessed the differences between populations using Nagelkerke’s R2 and the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: As expected, the genetic burden (mean wGRS value) was significantly higher in MS patients than in controls, in both populations. Of note, the burden was significantly higher in Sardinians. Conversely, the proportion of variability explained and the predictive power were significantly higher in continental Italians. Notably, within the Sardinian patients, we also observed a significantly higher burden of non-HLA variants in individuals who do not carry HLA risk alleles. Conclusions: The observed differences in MS genetic burden between the two Mediterranean populations highlight the need for more genetic studies in South Europeans, to further expand the knowledge of MS genetics.
Weathering the storm: parental effort and experimental manipulation of stress hormones predict brood survival
Authors: Ouyang JQ , Lendvai ÁZ , Dakin R. , Domalik AD , Fasanello VJ , Vassallo BG , Haussmann MF , Moore IT , Bonier F. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Background
Unpredictable and inclement weather is increasing in strength and frequency, challenging organisms to respond adaptively. One way in which animals respond to environmental challenges is through the secretion of glucocorticoid stress hormones. These hormones mobilize energy stores and suppress non-essential physiological and behavioral processes until the challenge passes. To investigate the effects of glucocorticoids on reproductive decisions, we experimentally increased corticosterone levels (the primary glucocorticoid in birds) in free-living female tree swallows, Tachycineta bicolor, during the chick-rearing stage. Due to an unprecedented cold and wet breeding season, 90 % of the nests in our study population failed, which created a unique opportunity to test how challenging environmental conditions interact with the physiological mechanisms underlying life-history trade-offs.

Results
We found that exogenous corticosterone influenced the regulation of parental decisions in a context-dependent manner. Control and corticosterone-treated females had similar brood failure rates under unfavorable conditions (cold and rainy weather), but corticosterone treatment hastened brood mortality under more favorable conditions. Higher female nest provisioning rates prior to implantation were associated with increased probability of brood survival for treatment and control groups. However, higher pre-treatment male provisioning rates were associated with increased survival probability in the control group, but not the corticosterone-treated group.

Conclusions
These findings reveal complex interactions between weather, female physiological state, and partner parental investment. Our results also demonstrate a causal relationship between corticosterone concentrations and individual reproductive behaviors, and point to a mechanism for why naturally disturbed populations, which experience multiple stressors, could be more susceptible and unable to respond adaptively to changing environmental conditions.
Complete genome sequence of the chromate-reducing bacterium Thermoanaerobacter thermohydrosulfuricus strain BSB-33
Authors: Bhattacharya Pamela , Barnebey Adam , Zemla Marcin , Goodwin Lynne , Auer Manfred , Yannone Steven M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThermoanaerobacter thermohydrosulfuricus BSB-33 is a thermophilic gram positive obligate anaerobe isolated from a hot spring in West Bengal, India. Unlike other T. thermohydrosulfuricus strains, BSB-33 is able to anaerobically reduce Fe(III) and Cr(VI) optimally at 60 °C. BSB-33 is the first Cr(VI) reducing T. thermohydrosulfuricus genome sequenced and of particular interest for bioremediation of environmental chromium contaminations. Here we discuss features of T. thermohydrosulfuricus BSB-33 and the unique genetic elements that may account for the peculiar metal reducing properties of this organism. The T. thermohydrosulfuricus BSB-33 genome comprises 2597606 bp encoding 2581 protein genes, 12 rRNA, 193 pseudogenes and has a G + C content of 34.20 %. Putative chromate reductases were identified by comparative analyses with other Thermoanaerobacter and chromate-reducing bacteria.
Treatment with a novel oleic-acid–dihydroxyamphetamine conjugation ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese Zucker rats
Authors: Decara Juan M. , Pavón Francisco Javier , Suárez Juan , Romero-Cuevas Miguel , Baixeras Elena , Vázquez Mariam , Rivera Patricia , Gavito Ana L. , Almeida Bruno , Joglar Jesús , de la Torre Rafael , Rodríguez de Fonseca Fernando , Serrano Antonia 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT
Fatty liver disease is one of the main hepatic complications associated with obesity. To date, there are no effective treatments for this pathology apart from the use of classical fibrates. In this study, we have characterized the in vivo effects of a novel conjugation of oleic acid with an amphetamine derivative (OLHHA) in an animal model of genetic obesity. Lean and obese Zucker rats received a daily intraperitoneal administration of OLHHA (5 mg kg−1) for 15 days. Plasma and liver samples were collected for the biochemical and molecular biological analyses, including both immunohistochemical and histological studies. The expression of key enzymes and proteins that are involved in lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis was evaluated in the liver samples. The potential of OLHHA to produce adverse drug reactions or toxicity was also evaluated through the monitoring of interactions with hERG channel and liver cytochrome. We found that OLHHA is a drug with a safe pharmacological profile. Treatment for 15 days with OLHHA reduced the liver fat content and plasma triglyceride levels, and this was accompanied by a general improvement in the profile of plasma parameters related to liver damage in the obese rats. A decrease in fat accumulation in the liver was confirmed using histological staining. Additionally, OLHHA was observed to exert anti-apoptotic effects. This hepatoprotective activity in obese rats was associated with an increase in the mRNA and protein expression of the cannabinoid type 1 receptor and a decrease in the expression of the lipogenic enzymes FAS and HMGCR primarily. However, changes in the mRNA expression of certain proteins were not associated with changes in the protein expression (i.e. L-FABP and INSIG2). The present results demonstrate that OLHHA is a potential anti-steatotic drug that ameliorates the obesity-associated fatty liver and suggest the potential use of this new drug for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Diagnostic accuracy of CT angiography in evaluation of vascular anatomy in comparison with intraoperative findings an assessment of 392 patients
Authors: Vijayakumar Mohankumar , Ganpule Sanika , Ganpule Arvind P. , Murali Vinodh , Mishra Shashikant , Sabnis Ravindra , Desai Mahesh 
Published: October 2015

Introduction: Transplantation of kidneys from living related donors is the treatment of choice for patients with end stage renal disease. With lessmorbidity and early recovery, laparoscopy has become the standard of care for donor nephrectomies. The precise knowledge of vascular anatomy is crucial to a successful outcome. Computed tomography (CT) findings are misleading and less informative in a small number of cases. The reported accuracy of CT angiography in assessing the vascular anatomy is around 85 to 100 %. We did a prospective study to assess the diagnostic accuracy of CT angiography in the evaluation of vascular anatomy in comparison with intra operative findings.Aim: To assess the accuracy of CT in predicting the anatomy in patients who underwent laparoscopic donor nephrectomy.Materials and methods: 392 patients who underwent laparoscopic donor nephrectomy in our institute between January 2010 and December 2012 were included in our study.Results: CT scan correlated well with the intra operative findings in most of our patients with good sensitivity and specificity. CT interpreted a case of double renal vein as single and a case of circumaortic vein reported on CT was not detected intra operatively. A case of right side early branching was not detected on CT. A case of a retroaortic branch of renal vein was missed on CT scan. The incidental findings detected on CT scan such as calculi, mass and hemangioma or fibroid can be of help in managing the patient after surgery.
The logic of life narratives in short fiction
Authors: Griffiths Peter 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This article examines the manner in which we impose the logic of short fiction on life narratives, and more broadly, the intertwining of the way that we understand fiction and the way that we understand reality. The subject matter ranges through Jean-Paul Sartre’s suggestion that the moral acts are like the creation of works of art through Ian Hacking’s notion of criminals ‘acting under description’ and Richard Sennett’s discussion of the narratives that downsized IBM employees place upon their redundancies. Parallel to this runs the examination of fictional life narratives found in Alan Sillitoe’s ‘The Loneliness of the Long-Distance Runner’, James Joyce’s ‘The Dead’ and Tim O’Brien’s short story cycle The Things They Carried. These disparate elements are united through their reliance on plausibility, agency and event, which are not only features of short fiction but also the very limits of the stories we tell about ourselves.
Reviews
Authors: Baines Elizabeth , McCrory Moy 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The New Puritan Generation, José Francisco Fernández (ed.) (2013) Canterbury: Gylphi, 203 pp., ISBN: 9781780240152, Paperback, £14.99
Dubliners 100: Fifteen New Stories Inspired by the Original, Thomas Morr is (ed.) (2014) Dublin: Tramp Press, Dublin, 215 pp., ISBN 978-0-9928170-15, Paperback £12.00
Music in the noise: The acoustic ecology of John Clare
Authors: Rowney Matthew 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
For the rural poet John Clare (1793-1864), every object has its own voice. Though little commented upon, Clare’s close attention to the sounds of his native Helpston played an important role both as poetic subject and in the formation of his own poetic language. The way these sounds form a part of a larger community for Clare is particularly significant given our contemporary ecological moment in which all sorts of sounds have become and are becoming extinct. He demonstrates how sound is both shaped by space and shapes the space in which it reverberates. Poetry for Clare is therefore a way of both shaping words out of his aural environment and creating spaces for others to listen in. In his mid-period poetry, he develops a unique approach to poetic language through modelling the sounds of the world around him. ‘The Fallen Elm’ (1832) will be examined as emblematic of these concerns, demonstrating an acoustic ecology that offers insight into both the developments of his time and our own.
The art and craft of voice (and speech) training
Authors: Linklater Kristin 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
In this text, influential voice pedagogue Kristin Linklater offers a set of reflections on the art and craft of voice and speech training. Drawing on a comprehensive outline of her experiences in developing her ‘Sound and Movement’ exercises, the first section charts key developments in voice training, from the understanding of voice as a musical instrument towards an embodied, psycho-physical approach. Offering varied perspectives informed by research on the anatomy and physiology of the voice, alongside decades of practical exploration, the text addresses the necessity of the ‘Actor’s Quartet’: Body, Voice, Intellect and Emotion, collaboratively integrating through the development of creative imagination. The article outlines the psycho-physical foundations of the work and concludes with a detailed, practicebased example of how to free the natural voice through the exploration of sound, resonance, emotion and thought in a Shakespearean excerpt.
Performative silence: Race, riot and the end of multiculturalism
Authors: Tan Marcus Cheng Chye 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
On 8 December 2013, the monotonous placidity of Singapore’s streets was disrupted by antisocial violence in a district called Little India. Such acts of mass aggression were unheard of in a country whose policies of multiculturalism have been hailed as exemplary for developed nations. This article examines the conditions and consequences of the riot in Singapore and posits that the event signified a rupture in the politics of multicultural practice. It analyses media representations, official state narratives and vitriolic public responses to consider how the voices of the rioters have been violently silenced. Framed by what Georges Bataille terms the dialectic of civilized speech versus silent violence, where silence is regarded as dispossession and objectification, and vocality as empowerment and subjectivity, this article considers the performativities of silence and violence, and the ways the riot is an event of dissensus, a politics of interruption that fractures hegemonic, state-prescribed narratives of multiculturalism.
Comunicación interna y fusión de empresas: la necesidad de una planificación
Authors: Ferreira Félix Mateus Anabela 
Published: October 2015

Basándonos en el conocimiento empírico de algunas consecuencias nefastas derivadas de la revolución del 25 de Abril de 1974 en Portugal, intentamos analizar los resultados de las fusiones a nivel de comunicación interna y del conjunto del clima interno que se generó con los cambios provocados con las fusiones empresariales de 1980, muy relevantes en el ámbito de la actividad aseguradora en mi País.Recurrimos para ello a una metodologíade base cualitativa con entrevistas abiertas, semiestructuradas, y realizamos un estudio comparado entre dos grupos de empresas sometidas a dichos procesos de fusión. El factor principal que distingue a los grupos analizados se sitúa a nivel de los momentos de cambio; así, mientras que en un grupo el proceso es inmediato, instantáneo, en el otro se revela longitudinal, por fases, planeado a lo largo de tres años, lo que posibilitó lapreparación para el cambio que se avecinaba.En términos de resultados obtenidos, hemos de admitir que la confusióninicialmente percibida en los procesos de fusión, se verifica principalmente en la nueva empresa que no lleva a cabo ningún tipo de preparación en su nueva constitución, mientras que el mismo proceso resulta mucho más sencillo en la que sí tuvo la oportunidad de hacer planes durante los tres años de adaptación.
Innovación docente para la adquisición de competencias en el grado de criminología
Authors: García España Elisa 
Published: October 2015

Las exigencias del EEES y la reciente creación del Grado de Criminología en la Universidad de Málaga ha motivado que de forma experimental apliquemos una metodología docente novedosa a un grupo reducido de alumnos del 3º curso del Título Experto de Criminalidad y Seguridad pública de la misma Universidad, en el marco de la asignatura anual Criminología II y Victimología. El número reducido de alumnos y el hecho de tener conocimientos estadísticos y metodológicos en Criminología adquiridos en los años previos, hace a ese grupo idóneo para dicho experimento. Presentamos aquí la metodología docente empleada y evaluamos su pertinencia de cara a la adquisición de determinadas competencias. La satisfactoria experiencia de esta metodología y su gran capacidad de adaptación, complementariedad y coordinación entre diversas asignaturas del Grado de Criminología determina su posible uso en años venideros, aunque los tamaños de los grupos y la distribución cronológica de algunas asignaturas dificulten la tarea. No obstante, presentamos a continuación lo que pueda ser en un futuro mediato un proyecto de innovación docente en el que se requerirá la implicación de y la coordinación entre los responsables de distintas asignaturas.