bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrophilic Conjugated Polymers with Large Bandgaps and Deep‐Lying HOMO Levels as an Efficient Cathode Interlayer in Inverted Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Kan Yuanyuan , Zhu Yongxiang , Liu Zhulin , Zhang Lianjie , Chen Junwu , Cao Yong 
Published: May 2015

Two hydrophilic conjugated polymers, PmP‐NOH and PmP36F‐NOH, with polar diethanol­amine on the side chains and main chain structures of poly(meta‐phenylene) and poly(meta‐phenylene‐alt‐3,6‐fluorene), respectively, are successfully synthesized. The films of PmP‐NOH and PmP36F‐NOH show absorption edges at 340 and 343 nm, respectively. The calculated optical bandgaps of the two polymers are 3.65 and 3.62 eV, respectively, the largest ones so far reported for hydrophilic conjugated polymers. PmP‐NOH and PmP36F‐NOH also possess deep‐lying highest occupied molecular orbital levels of −6.19 and −6.15 eV, respectively. Inserting PmP‐NOH and PmP36F‐NOH as a cathode interlayer in inverted polymer solar cells with a PTB7/PC71BM blend as the active layer, high power conversion efficiencies of 8.58% and 8.33%, respectively, are achieved, demonstrating that the two hydrophilic polymers are excellent interlayers for efficient inverted polymer solar cells.
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The Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise on Markers of Large Joint Health in Stable Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Law Rebecca‐Jane , Saynor Zoe L. , Gabbitas Julia , Jones Jeremy , Kraus Alexandra , Breslin Anne , Maddison Peter J. , Thom Jeanette M. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractObjectiveExercise is beneficial for people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, patients and health professionals have expressed concern about the possible detrimental effects of exercise on joint health. The present study investigated the acute and chronic effects of high‐intensity, low‐impact aerobic and resistance exercise on markers of large joint health in RA.MethodsEight RA patients and eight healthy, matched control (CTL) participants performed 30 minutes’ high‐intensity, low‐impact aerobic and lower‐body resistance exercise, one week apart. Primary outcome measures assessing joint health were serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (sCOMP) and knee joint synovial inflammation (Doppler ultrasound colour fraction; CF). These measures were taken at baseline, immediately after and 0.5, one, two, six and 24 hours post‐exercise. In a separate study, nine RA patients completed eight weeks of progressive exercise training. The same outcome measures were reassessed at baseline, and at one hour post‐exercise of training weeks 0, 1, 4 and 8.ResultsRA patients showed higher overall sCOMP [RA: 1,347 ± 421, CTL: 1,189 ± 562 ng/mL; p < 0.05; effect size (ES) = 0.32] and CF when scanned longitudinally (RA: 0.489 ± 0.30 × 10–3, CTL: 0.101 ± 0.13 × 10–3; p < 0.01; ES = 1.73) and transversely (RA: 0.938 ± 0.69 × 10–3, CTL: 0.199 ± 0.36 × 10–3; p < 0.01; ES = 1.33) than CTL. However, no acute effects on joint health were observed post‐exercise. Similarly, no chronic effects were observed over eight weeks of combined aerobic and resistance training in RA, with positive effects on physical fitness and function.ConclusionsRA patients on stable treatment with low disease activity were able to perform an individually prescribed high‐intensity, low‐impact aerobic and resistance exercise without changes in markers of large joint health. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Utilization of surgical procedures and racial disparity in the treatment of urinary incontinence after prostatectomy
Authors: Gupta Shubham , Ding Laura , Granieri Michael , Le Ngoc‐Bich , Peterson Andrew C. 
Published: May 2015

AimsTo analyze the rates of incontinence procedures after radical prostatectomy, and define the variables associated with them.MethodsWe conducted an IRB approved retrospective review of patients with prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy at a single institute from January 1998 to December 2012. Logistic regression and time to event analyses were performed to ascertain variables associated with receipt of incontinence procedure after prostatectomy.ResultsFour thousand four hundred one men underwent radical prostatectomy (69.8% open, 30.1% laparoscopic or robotic) of whom 74.3% were white Caucasian and 22.1% were African‐American. Overall, 165 (3.7%) patients underwent a total of 191 procedures for male urethral sling or artificial urinary sphincter placement. African‐American men received fewer incontinence procedures than white Caucasian men (2.1% versus 4.3%, P = 0.001); and with a longer delay after prostatectomy than white Caucasian men (28.3 months versus 19.9 months, P = 0.029). Men who had a laparoscopic or robotic prostatectomy received an incontinence procedure earlier than men who had an open prostatectomy (17.6 months versus 24.4 months, P = 0.0001). On multivariate analysis, age at prostatectomy, diagnosis of incontinence, and race were independently associated with receiving an incontinence procedure.ConclusionsThe overall rate of incontinence surgery after radical prostatectomy is low at 3.7%. African‐American men receive incontinence procedures at a lower rate and with a longer delay after prostatectomy than white Caucasian men. Further studies are needed to define the reasons for this racial disparity in urinary incontinence surgery in the prostate cancer survivor. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:733–737, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Estimation of atmospheric PSF parameters for hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Berisha Sebastian , Nagy James G. , Plemmons Robert J. 
Published: May 2015

SummaryWe present an iterative approach to solve separable nonlinear least squares problems arising in the estimation of wavelength‐dependent point spread function parameters for hyperspectral imaging. A variable projection Gauss–Newton method is used to solve the nonlinear least squares problem. An analysis shows that the Jacobian can be potentially very ill conditioned. To deal with this ill conditioning, we use a combination of subset selection and other regularization techniques. Experimental results related to hyperspectral point spread function parameter identification and star spectrum reconstruction illustrate the effectiveness of the resulting numerical scheme. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TH1 and TH17 cells promote crescent formation in experimental autoimmune glomerulonephritis
Authors: Hünemörder Stefanie , Treder Julia , Ahrens Stefanie , Schumacher Valéa , Paust Hans‐Joachim , Menter Thomas , Matthys Patrick , Kamradt Thomas , Meyer‐Schwesinger Catherine , Panzer Ulf , Hopfer Helmut , Mittrücker Hans‐Willi 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAutoimmunity against the Goodpasture antigen α3IV‐NC1 results in crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN). Both antibodies and T cells directed against α3IV‐NC1 have been implicated in disease development and progression. Using the model of experimental autoimmune glomerulonephritis (EAG) in DBA/1 mice, we aimed to characterize the frequency and function of α3IV‐NC1‐specific CD4+ T cells in the kidneys. DBA/1 mice repeatedly immunized with human α3IV‐NC1 developed necrotizing/crescentic GN. Kidneys with crescentic GN contained CD4+ cells responding to α3IV‐NC1 with the production of IFN‐γ or IL‐17A, demonstrating the accumulation of both α3IV‐NC1‐specific TH1 and TH17 cells. To test the functional relevance of TH1 and TH17 cells, EAG was induced in DBA/1 mice deficient in IFN‐γR, IL‐17A or IL‐23p19. Mice of all knockout groups mounted α3IV‐NC1 IgG, developed nephrotic range proteinuria, and IgG deposition to the glomerular basement membranes at levels similar to immunized wild‐type mice. However, all knockout groups showed significantly fewer glomerular crescents and attenuated tubulointerstitial damage. Our results suggest that both α3IV‐NC1‐specific TH1 and TH17 cells accumulate in the kidneys and are crucial for the development of necrotizing/crescentic GN. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prenatal diagnosis of intra‐abdominal cystic lesions by fetal ultrasonography: diagnostic agreement between prenatal and postnatal diagnosis
Authors: Marchitelli Giulia , Stirnemann Julien , Acanfora Marta Maddalena , Rousseau Veronique , Salomon Laurent J. , Ville Yves 
Published: May 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic agreement between the prenatal diagnosis of intra‐abdominal cystic lesions made by ultrasound examination and the postnatal diagnosis.MethodsWe reviewed all consecutive cases referred for an anechoic abdominal cyst from 2009 to 2013. Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis was compared with postnatal diagnosis. Prenatal diagnosis was defined as ‘correct’ if a specific prenatal diagnosis or one of the possible diagnoses was confirmed postnatally, as ‘not confirmed’ if the postnatal examination revealed no abnormalities and as ‘incorrect’ if the postnatal diagnosis was different from those suggested prenatally.ResultsSeventy‐three cases were included, and prenatal diagnoses were made at a median gestational age of 27 weeks (range: 13–36). Correct diagnoses were made in 66 cases (90.4%), including four in which the lesion resolved spontaneously in utero; two diagnoses were ‘not confirmed’ postnatally, and one was incorrect (a prenatal diagnosis of intestinal duplication was in fact an anorectal malformation). Postnatal diagnosis was not achieved in four cases: None of them required surgery, and clinical follow‐up was favorable. The abdominal cysts were isolated in 52 cases (71%) and associated with other anomalies in 21 cases (29%). Aneuploidies were diagnosed in three cases (all trisomy 21). Eight cases underwent termination of pregnancy; there were no fetal deaths and one neonatal death. Postnatal surgery was performed in 30 out of 65 liveborn infants (46.1%).ConclusionOverall diagnostic agreement between prenatal and postnatal diagnosis of fetal intra‐abdominal cystic lesions is high. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
2014 President's plenary international psycho‐oncology society: moving toward cancer care for the whole patient
Authors: Bultz Barry D. , Travado Luzia , Jacobsen Paul B. , Turner Jane , Borras Josep M. , Ullrich Andreas W.H. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe International Psycho‐oncology Society (IPOS) has just celebrated its 30th anniversary. The growth of psychosocial oncology has been exponential, and this relatively new field is becoming a core service that focuses on prevention, reducing the burden of cancer, and enhancing the quality of life from time of diagnosis, through treatment, survivorship, and palliative care. Looking back over the past 30 years, we see that cancer care globally has evolved to a new and higher standard. Today, ‘cancer care for the whole patient’ is being accomplished with an evidence‐based model that addresses psychosocial needs and integrates psycho‐oncology into the treatment and care of patients.The President's Plenary Session in Lisbon, Portugal, highlighted the IPOS Mission of promoting global excellence in psychosocial care of people affected by cancer through our research, public policy, advocacy, and education. The internationally endorsed IPOS Standard of Quality Cancer Care, for example, clearly states the necessity of integrating the psychosocial domain into routine care, and that distress should be measured as the sixth vital sign after temperature, blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, and pain.The plenary paper also discussed the global progress being made in Europe, North America, and Australia in providing quality cancer care for the whole patient. Collaborative partnerships between IPOS and organizations such as the European Partnership Action Against Cancer and the World Health Organization are essential in building capacity for the delivery of high‐quality psycho‐oncology services in the future. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Internal Structure and Composition of a Rock Glacier in the Dry Andes, Inferred from Ground‐penetrating Radar Data and its Artefacts
Authors: Monnier Sébastien , Kinnard Christophe 
Published: May 2015

AbstractUsing ground‐penetrating radar (GPR), we studied an entire 2.2 km long rock glacier (3780–4350 m asl) in the dry Andes of Chile with the aim of inferring its composition. In the high‐quality, unmigrated data, we identified the active layer base and the rock glacier floor. In between, hyperbolae generated by diffracting boulders were inventoried; the ones along the rock glacier floor (n = 51) allowed determination of the average electromagnetic (EM) velocity in the rock glacier, the latter being further used for migration. Within the rock glacier (16–39 m thick), the EM velocity varies between 0.076 and 0.167 m.ns‐1; the main stratigraphic features observed are upward‐dipping reflectors. The low EM velocities (<0.10 m.ns‐1) found at some locations suggest the presence of significant unfrozen water fractions. A strong (R2 = 0.77), inverse linear relationship was also found between the diffracting point density and the EM velocity, and was used to indicate the ice content in the rock glacier. The fraction of ice in the rock glacier was estimated to vary between 0.22 and 0.83, with an average of 0.66; these results were tested by recalculation of the EM velocity. The relationships between rock glacier development and glacial processes are questioned. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hhex is Required at Multiple Stages of Adult Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Differentiation
Authors: Goodings Charnise , Smith Elizabeth , Mathias Elizabeth , Elliott Natalina , Cleveland Susan M. , Tripathi Rati M. , Layer Justin H. , Chen Xi , Guo Yan , Shyr Yu , Hamid Rizwan , Du Yang , Davé Utpal P. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Hhex encodes a homeodomain transcription factor that is widely expressed in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell populations. Its enforced expression induces T-cell leukemia and we have implicated it as an important oncogene in early T-cell precursor leukemias where it is immediately downstream of an LMO2-associated protein complex. Conventional Hhex knockouts cause embryonic lethality precluding analysis of adult hematopoiesis. Thus, we induced highly efficient conditional knockout (cKO) using vav-Cre transgenic mice. Hhex cKO mice were viable and born at normal litter sizes. At steady state, we observed a defect in B-cell development that we localized to the earliest B-cell precursor, the pro-B-cell stage. Most remarkably, bone marrow transplantation using Hhex cKO donor cells revealed a more profound defect in all hematopoietic lineages. In contrast, sublethal irradiation resulted in normal myeloid cell repopulation of the bone marrow but markedly impaired repopulation of T- and B-cell compartments. We noted that Hhex cKO stem and progenitor cell populations were skewed in their distribution and showed enhanced proliferation compared to WT cells. Our results implicate Hhex in the maintenance of LT-HSCs and in lineage allocation from multipotent progenitors especially in stress hematopoiesis. Stem Cells 2015;33:2628—2641
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated From Human Gliomas Increase Proliferation and Maintain Stemness of Glioma Stem Cells Through the IL-6/gp130/STAT3 Pathway
Authors: Hossain Anwar , Gumin Joy , Gao Feng , Figueroa Javier , Shinojima Naoki , Takezaki Tatsuya , Priebe Waldemar , Villarreal Diana , Kang Seok-Gu , Joyce Celine , Sulman Erik , Wang Qianghu , Marini Frank C. , Andreeff Michael , Colman Howard , Lang Frederick F. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been implicated as stromal components of several cancers, their ultimate contribution to tumorigenesis and their potential to drive cancer stem cells, particularly in the unique microenvironment of human brain tumors, remain largely undefined. Consequently, using established criteria, we isolated glioma-associated-human MSCs (GA-hMSCs) from fresh human glioma surgical specimens for the first time. We show that these GA-hMSCs are nontumorigenic stromal cells that are phenotypically similar to prototypical bone marrow-MSCs. Low-passage genomic sequencing analyses comparing GA-hMSCs with matched tumor-initiating glioma stem cells (GSCs) suggest that most GA-hMSCs (60%) are normal cells recruited to the tumor (group 1 GA-hMSCs), although, rarely (10%), GA-hMSCs may differentiate directly from GSCs (group 2 GA-hMSCs) or display genetic patterns intermediate between these groups (group 3 GA-hMSCs). Importantly, GA-hMSCs increase proliferation and self-renewal of GSCs in vitro and enhance GSC tumorigenicity and mesenchymal features in vivo, confirming their functional significance within the GSC niche. These effects are mediated by GA-hMSC-secreted interleukin-6, which activates STAT3 in GSCs. Our results establish GA-hMSCs as a potentially new stromal component of gliomas that drives the aggressiveness of GSCs, and point to GA-hMSCs as a novel therapeutic target within gliomas. Stem Cells 2015;33:2400–2415
Clinical Benefit of Gastric Staple Line Reinforcement (SLR) in Gastrointestinal Surgery: a Meta-analysis
Authors: Shikora Scott A. , Mahoney Christine B. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract

Background
The objective of this study was to assess whether the use of staple line reinforcement (SLR) reduces staple line complications (SLC). Mechanical staple lines are essential for gastrointestinal surgery such as bariatric surgery. However, SLC, such as bleeding and leakage, still occur. The purposes of this study were to provide quantitative evidence on the relative efficacy of gastric SLR and to compare the rates of effectiveness of three commonly used methods.

Methods
A search of the medical literature in English language journals identified studies from Jan 1, 2000, to Dec 31, 2013, using the following reinforcement types: (1) no reinforcement, (2) oversewing, (3) a biocompatible glycolide copolymer, and (4) bovine pericardium after gastric bypasses and sleeve gastrectomies. Types of reinforcement were compared using a random-effects model.

Results
This meta-analysis reviewed 16,967 articles, extracting data on 56,309 patients concerning leak and 41,864 patients concerning bleeding. Over 40 % of patients had no reinforcement, resulting in the highest leak rate (2.75 %) and bleed rate (3.45 %). Overall, reinforcing with bovine pericardium had the lowest leak (1.28 %) and bleed (1.23 %) rates. Suture oversewing was better than no reinforcement but not as effective as bovine pericardium for leak (2.45 %) and bleed (2.69 %) rates. Buttressing with a biocompatible glycolide copolymer resulted in the second highest leak rate (2.61 %) and a bleed rate of 2.48 % but had significantly lower bleed rates than no reinforcement.

Conclusions
SLR provided superior results for patients compared to no reinforcement for reducing SLC. Buttressing with bovine pericardium resulted in the most favorable outcomes. The effectiveness of different methods used to reinforce the staple line in gastric surgery does not appear to be equal.
Relationship Between the Kinematics of the Trunk and Lower Extremity and Performance on the Y‐Balance Test
Authors: Kang Min‐Hyeok , Kim Gyoung‐Mo , Kwon Oh‐Yun , Weon Jong‐Hyuk , Oh Jae‐Seop , An Duk‐Hyun 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe lower quarter Y‐balance test (YBT‐LQ) has been recommended as a measure of dynamic postural control in the clinical setting; however, information about the relationship between performance on the YBT‐LQ and joint kinematics is limited. Thus, the kinematic predictors responsible for performance on the YBT‐LQ need to be identified for accurate evaluation of dynamic postural control.ObjectivesTo identify the kinematic predictors that best explain variance in performance on the YBT‐LQ.DesignCross‐sectional design.SettingUniversity motion analysis laboratory.ParticipantsThirty physically active participants.MethodsAll participants performed the YBT‐LQ. The kinematics of the trunk and lower extremity at maximal reach in each direction of the YBT‐LQ were monitored using a 3‐dimensional motion analysis system.Main Outcome MeasurementsThe correlations between reach distance and joint kinematics were assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, and the best predictors of performance on the YBT‐LQ were determined using a stepwise multiple regression analysis.ResultsAnkle dorsiflexion was the best single predictor of normalized reach in the anterior direction of the YBT‐LQ (r2 = 0.50), and the combination of ankle dorsiflexion and trunk extension explained 65% of the variance in the anterior normalized reach. Hip flexion was the best single predictor of posteromedial (r2 = 0.60) and posterolateral (r2 = 0.71) normalized reaches of the YBT‐LQ. The combination of hip flexion and ipsilateral trunk bending and the combination of hip flexion and contralateral trunk bending accounted for 69% and 80% of the variance in the posteromedial and posterolateral normalized reaches of the YBT‐LQ, respectively.ConclusionsThese findings provide useful information on the relative contribution of joint kinematics to performance on the YBT‐LQ when evaluating dynamic postural control.
Men With Late Effects of Polio Decline More Than Women in Lower Limb Muscle Strength: A 4‐Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Flansbjer Ulla‐Britt , Brogårdh Christina , Horstmann Vibeke , Lexell Jan 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackgroundIn persons with prior paralytic poliomyelitis, progressive muscle weakness can occur after a stable period of at least 15 years. Knowledge is limited about which factors influence changes in lower limb muscle strength in these persons.ObjectiveTo assess changes in lower limb muscle strength annually over 4 years in persons with late effects of polio and to identify prognostic factors for changes in muscle strength.DesignA prospective, longitudinal study.SettingUniversity hospital outpatient program.ParticipantsFifty‐two ambulant persons (mean age ± standard deviation: 64 ± 6 years) with verified late effects of polio.MethodsMixed linear models were used to analyze changes in muscle strength and to identify determinants among the following covariates: gender, age, age at acute polio infection, time with late effects of polio, body mass index, and estimated baseline muscle weakness.Main Outcome MeasurementsKnee extensor and flexor and ankle dorsiflexor muscle strength were measured annually with a Biodex dynamometer.ResultsThe men (n = 28) had significant linear change over time for all knee muscle strength measurements, from −1.4% (P < .05) per year for isokinetic knee flexion in the less‐affected lower limb to −4.2% (P < .001) for isokinetic knee extension in the more‐affected lower limb, and for 2 ankle dorsiflexor muscle strength measurements (−3.3%‐1.4% per year [P < .05]). The women (n = 24) had a significant linear change over time only for ankle dorsiflexor measurements (4.0%‐5.5% per year [P < .01]). Gender was the strongest factor that predicted a change in muscle strength over time.ConclusionsOver 4 years, men had a greater decline in muscle strength than did women, but the rate of decline did not accelerate. This finding indicates that gender could be a contributing factor to the progressive decline in muscle strength in persons with late effects of polio.