bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of ultrasonic welding of CF/PA66 using nylon mesh energy directors
Authors: Shi Ruoya , Li Yiang , Wang Tianzheng , Ao Sansan , Li Yang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCarbon fiber reinforced polyamide 66 (CF/PA66) sheets are ultrasonically welded by applying nylon meshes as energy directors (EDs) in this paper. The influence of mesh dimensions is revealed by observing the joint formation process, joint mechanical performance, joint cross‐sectional morphology and joint failure mode. Results show that the joint formation process can be divided into wire flattening stage, ED spread stage, tight bonding stage, and mixing stage. The nylon mesh ED with moderate wire spacing, small wire diameter and small mesh area promotes better weld quality. Welding energy will be dispersed rather than concentrated if the mesh area is too large, resulting in reduced failure load. The joints exhibit two fracture modes: interfacial fracture (IF) and workpiece fracture (WF), and the fracture mode of the joints with nylon mesh EDs transits from IF to WF as the welding energy increases.Highlights
Five types of nylon mesh are used as energy directors to join CF/PA66 sheets by ultrasonic welding.
The influence of nylon mesh dimensions on the mechanical property and fracture mode of joints is investigated.
The formation process of ultrasonically welded joints can be separated into wires flattening stage, ED spread stage, tight bonding stage, and mixing stage.
Influence of reinforcement learning on the inhibitory control of Internet gaming disorder
Authors: Zhang Mengyue , Zhao Chenyue , Zhang Meng , Mao Shuangshuang , Yang Mengyao , Mao Ziyu , Xing Xiaoli 
Published: July 2024

AbstractReward processing dysfunction and inhibition control deficiency have been observed in Internet gaming disorder (IGD). However, it is still unclear whether the previous reinforcement learning depends on reward/punishment feedback influences on the cognitive inhibitory control of IGD. This study compared the differences between an IGD group and healthy people without game experiences in the probability selection task and the subsequent stop signal task by the method of behavioral experiments, in order to explore whether the reward learning ability is impaired in the IGD group. We also discuss the influence of previous reward learning on subsequent inhibition control. The results showed that (1) during the reward learning phase, the IGD group's accuracy was significantly lower than that of the control group; (2) compared with the control group, the IGD group's reaction times were longer in the transfer phase; (3) for no‐go trials of the inhibitory control phase after reward learning, the accuracy of the reward‐related stimulation in the IGD group was lower than that of punishment‐related or neutral stimulation, but there was no significant difference among the three conditions in the control group. These findings indicated that the reinforcement learning ability of the IGD group was impaired, which further caused the abnormal response to reinforcement stimuli.
Psychometric evaluation of the Social Touch Questionnaire in Chinese adolescents
Authors: Wang Chenglei , Xie Ruyun , Chen Liangliang , Yang Xinhua , Yan Chao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSocial touch promotes psychological well‐being through inducing positive effects on social affiliation and stress alleviation, especially in adolescence. However, there is a scarcity of instruments available for evaluating adolescents' attitude toward social touch in China. The present study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the Social Touch Questionnaire (STQ) in Chinese adolescents. A total of 2839 high school students were enrolled, ranging in age from 11 to 19 years. The dimensions of the scale were conducted by exploratory factor analysis, and validated by confirmatory factor analysis. A three‐factor model showed the best fit and consisted of the following subgroups: liking of informal social touch, liking of general social touch, and dislike of social touch. Furthermore, positive associations were found between social touch and interaction anxiety, fear of negative evaluation, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and sleep quality. Short‐term prediction of dislike of social touch in anxiety symptoms was determined, while no significant predictor of depressive symptoms was found. The STQ demonstrates reliability and validity as a self‐report questionnaire designed to assess behaviors and attitudes toward social touch. It effectively adapts to the nuances of the Chinese context among adolescents.
Combustion of ammonium perchlorate fo near adiabatic condition at high pressures and elevated Initial temperature
Authors: Ingole Mahesh S. , Nagendra Kumar , Ramakrishna P. A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper addresses the combustion of ammonium perchlorate (AP) near adiabatic conditions at high pressures and higher initial temperatures. The AP pellets were coated with a thin layer of silica grease to simulate the near adiabatic condition. The experiments were performed at initial temperatures of 30 and 70 °C in the pressure range of 2.5–30 MPa for coated and bare pellets. The bare pellets were found to exhibit mesa burning as reported in the literature. However, the coated pellets did not exhibit mesa burning. The burn rates of coated AP pellets increased linearly for the entire pressure range of 2.5–30 MPa with 0.64 pressure index. Further, the experiments were carried out for the first time at an initial temperature of 90 °C for 14–30 MPa pressure range, wherein, AP combustion did not display any characteristics of mesa burning (pressure index of 0.33). The surface morphology of quenched samples of both bare and coated pellets of AP were studied, by quenching (rapid depressurization technique) pellets at 6, 12, and 18 MPa pressures. The surface structure of quenched samples for near adiabatic conditions was similar for all three pressures. However, for bare pellets the changes in surface structure were observed with change in pressure, similar to the literature. Mesa burning was found to be an effect of convective heat loss from the periphery of the pellets and it was not observed when heat loss was reduced or initial temperature was higher than the critical initial temperature.
Recent mathematical advances in coupled cluster theory
Authors: Faulstich Fabian M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article presents an educational overview of the latest mathematical developments in coupled cluster (CC) theory, beginning with Schneider's seminal work from 2009 that introduced the first local analysis of CC theory. We provide a tutorial review of second quantization and the CC ansatz, laying the groundwork for understanding the mathematical basis of the theory. This is followed by a detailed exploration of the most recent mathematical advancements in CC theory. Our review starts with an in‐depth look at the local analysis pioneered by Schneider which has since been applied to various CC methods. We subsequently discuss the graph‐based framework for CC methods developed by Csirik and Laestadius. This framework provides a comprehensive platform for comparing different CC methods, including multireference approaches. Next, we delve into the latest numerical analysis results analyzing the single reference CC method developed by Hassan, Maday, and Wang. This very general approach is based on the invertibility of the CC function's Fréchet derivative. We conclude the article with a discussion on the recent incorporation of algebraic geometry into CC theory, highlighting how this novel and fundamentally different mathematical perspective has furthered our understanding and provides exciting pathways to new computational approaches.
Optimising robotic operation speed with edge computing via 5G network: Insights from selective harvesting robots
Authors: Zahidi Usman A. , Khan Arshad , Zhivkov Tsvetan , Dichtl Johann , Li Dom , Parsa Soran , Hanheide Marc , Cielniak Grzegorz , Sklar Elizabeth I. , Pearson Simon , Ghalamzan‐E. Amir 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSelective harvesting by autonomous robots will be a critical enabling technology for future farming. Increases in inflation and shortages of skilled labor are driving factors that can help encourage user acceptability of robotic harvesting. For example, robotic strawberry harvesting requires real‐time high‐precision fruit localization, three‐dimensional (3D) mapping, and path planning for 3D cluster manipulation. Whilst industry and academia have developed multiple strawberry harvesting robots, none have yet achieved human–cost parity. Achieving this goal requires increased picking speed (perception, control, and movement), accuracy, and the development of low‐cost robotic system designs. We propose the edge‐server over 5G for Selective Harvesting (E5SH) system, which is an integration of high bandwidth and low latency Fifth‐Generation (5G) mobile network into a crop harvesting robotic platform, which we view as an enabler for future robotic harvesting systems. We also consider processing scale and speed in conjunction with system environmental and energy costs. A system architecture is presented and evaluated with support from quantitative results from a series of experiments that compare the performance of the system in response to different architecture choices, including image segmentation models, network infrastructure (5G vs. Wireless Fidelity), and messaging protocols, such as Message Queuing Telemetry Transport and Transport Control Protocol Robot Operating System. Our results demonstrate that the E5SH system delivers step‐change peak processing performance speedup of above 18‐fold than a standalone embedded computing Nvidia Jetson Xavier NX system.
Wood you believe it? Experimental addition of nonnative wood enhances instream habitat for native dryland fishes
Authors: Miller Benjamin J. , McKinstry Mark C. , Budy Phaedra , Pennock Casey A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFlow alteration and riparian vegetation encroachment are causing habitat simplification with severe consequences for native fishes. To assess the effectiveness of enhancing simplified habitat in a large dryland river, we experimentally added invasive wood at 19 paired treatment and reference (no wood added) subreaches (50–100 m) within the main channel of the San Juan River. Using a before‐after‐control‐impact design, we sampled fishes and macroinvertebrates, and quantified habitat complexity. After wood addition, total native fish densities were 2.2× higher in treatments compared with references, whereas total nonnative fish densities exhibited no response. Macroinvertebrate densities were 6.8× higher, and habitat complexity increased in treatments. Counts of geomorphic features in treatments increased from 1 to a maximum of 11 following wood addition, while the number of features in references remained unchanged. Wood addition has potential to instigate natural riverine processes, ultimately enhancing native fish habitat by increasing macroinvertebrate densities and habitat complexity in dryland rivers. Water overallocation and increasing aridity will continue to challenge efforts to improve habitat conditions with environmental flows alone, and managers might consider integrating non‐flow alternatives like addition of abundant, invasive wood to reduce habitat simplification.
“This isn't school, you know”: Designing for science teachers’ sensemaking of STEM ecosystems
Authors: Porter Sara C. , Allen Carrie D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs part of the special issue on Teacher Learning and Organizational Contexts, this paper explores the collective organizational sensemaking processes of middle school science teachers engaged in a design‐based research project focused on supporting science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) identity and interest development of middle school youth with the design of a STEM ecosystem. Most of the literature on STEM ecosystems focuses on the pathways available or not for youth to develop robust STEM identities and interests. Research on STEM teachers in STEM ecosystems generally focuses on teachers’ roles in brokering youth's experiences across learning settings and not on teacher learning. We fill this gap in the literature through an examination of how teachers came to understand STEM ecosystems as a means for supporting youth interest and learning in STEM and their role as educators within STEM ecosystems that include but extend beyond classroom practice. We used interaction analysis of video and audio data collected over two cycles of professional development to describe how designed activities supported STEM teachers to surface and attend to sources of ambiguity between the two learning environments. Our findings suggest that teachers understood the out‐of‐school environment vis‐à‐vis their organizational contexts—such as, how valued outcomes of school, like teaching vocabulary, were being addressed. Over time, teachers came to value out‐of‐school learning as distinct from their classroom and as a space that is “not school” that provided necessary learning opportunities for students. The teachers recognized the unique ways the out‐of‐school STEM setting surfaced students’ strengths in ways not always afforded by school. Implications for professional learning design for in‐service science teachers to work toward providing more cohesive STEM learning experiences for youth are discussed.
The Micromechanical Environment of the Impinged Achilles Tendon
Authors: Mora Keshia E. , Mlawer Samuel J. , Loiselle Alayna E. , Buckley Mark R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlthough tendon predominantly experiences longitudinal tensile forces, transverse forces due to impingement from bone are implicated in both physiological and pathophysiological processes. However, prior studies have not characterized the micromechanical strain environment in the context of tendon impingement. To address this knowledge gap, mouse hindlimb explants are imaged on a multiphoton microscope, and image stacks of the same population of tendon cells are obtained in the Achilles tendon before and after dorsiflexion‐induced impingement by the heel bone. Based on the acquired images, multiaxial strains are measured at the extracellular matrix (ECM), pericellular matrix (PCM), and cell scales. Impingement generated substantial transverse compression at the matrix‐scale, which led to longitudinal stretching of cells, increased cell aspect ratio, and enormous volumetric compression of the PCM. These experimental results are corroborated by a finite element model, which further demonstrated that impingement produces high cell surface stresses and strains that greatly exceed those brought about by longitudinal tension. Moreover, in both experiments and simulations, impingement‐generated microscale stresses and strains are highly dependent on initial cell–cell gap spacing. Identifying factors that influence the microscale strain environment generated by impingement could contribute to a more mechanistic understanding of impingement‐induced tendinopathies.
Compact Solid Electrolyte Interface Realization Employing Surface‐Modified Fillers for Long‐Lasting, High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Li‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Jamal Hasan , Khan Firoz , Kim Ji Hoon , Kim Eunhui , Lee Sang Uck , Kim Jae Hyun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe implementation of polymer‐based Li‐metal batteries is hindered by their low coulombic efficiency and poor cycling stability attributed to continuous electrolyte decomposition. Enhancement of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) stability is key to mitigating electrolyte decomposition. This study proposes surface‐functionalized silica mesoball fillers to fabricate a composite polymer electrolyte (MSBM‐CPE). As a result of surface modification, the polyethylene oxide matrix benefits from the uniform distribution of the filler, which provides a large surface area and Lewis acid sites. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the dissociation energy of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide in the filler is fourfold higher (−1.95 eV) than that of the filler‐free electrolyte. Consequently, the MSMB‐CPE diffusivity is 30 times higher than its filler‐free counterpart. The MSMB‐CPE of ionic conductivity of 1.16 × 10−2 S cm−1 @60 °C and a venerable Li‐ion transference number of 0.81. The excellent compatibility of MSMB‐CPE with the Li anode is demonstrated by its stable symmetric cell performance under high current density (200 µA cm−2 @60 °C) for over 5000 h. Approximately 85.60% retention capacity of the [Li/MSMB‐CPE/LiFePO4] full cell after 700 cycles. Furthermore, compositional analysis reveals that the SEI layer in MSMB‐CPE is smooth with fewer by‐products at the electrolyte/Li interface.
Interfacial Hydrogen‐Bond Interactions Driven Assembly toward Polychromatic Copper Nanoclusters
Authors: Wang Zhong‐Xia , Gao Hang , Jia Yi‐Lei , Li Xiao‐Qiong , Wang Ting , Ding Shou‐Nian , Chen Hong‐Yuan , Xu Jing‐Juan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractConstructing versatile metal nanoclusters (NCs) assemblies through noncovalent weak interactions between inter‐ligands is a long‐standing challenge in interfacial chemistry, while compelling interfacial hydrogen‐bond‐driven metal NCs assemblies remain unexplored so far. Here, the study reports an amination‐ligand o‐phenylenediamine‐coordinated copper NCs (CuNCs), demonstrating the impact of interfacial hydrogen‐bonds (IHBs) motifs on the luminescent behaviors of metal NCs as the alteration of protic solvent. Experimental results supported by theoretical calculation unveil that the flexibility of interfacial ligand and the distance of cuprophilic CuI···CuI interaction between intra‐/inter‐NCs can be tailored by manipulating the cooperation between the diverse IHBs motifs reconstruction, therewith the IHBs‐modulated fundamental structure‐property relationships are established. Importantly, by utilizing the IHBs‐mediated optical polychromatism of aminated CuNCs, portable visualization of humidity sensing test‐strips with fast response is successfully manufactured. This work not only provides further insights into exploring the interfacial chemistry of NCs based on inter‐ligands hydrogen‐bond interactions, but also offers a new opportunity to expand the practical application for optical sensing of metal NCs.
Perfluorinated Amines: Accelerating Lithium Electrodeposition by Tailoring Interfacial Structure and Modulated Solvation for High‐Performance Batteries
Authors: Zheng Xinyu , Qiu Yanbin , Luo Jing , Yang Sisheng , Yu Yan , Liu Zheyuan , Zhang Ran , Yang Chengkai 
Published: July 2024

AbstractModulating interfacial electrochemistry represents a prevalent approach for mitigating lithium dendrite growth and enhancing battery performance. Nevertheless, while most additives exhibit inhibitory characteristics, the accelerating effects on interfacial electrochemistry have garnered limited attention. In this work, perfluoromorpholine (PFM) with facilitated kinetics is utilized to preferentially adsorb on the lithium metal interface. The PFM molecules disrupt the solvation structure of Li+ and enhance the migration of Li+. Combined with the benzotrifluoride, a synergistic acceleration‐inhibition system is formed. The ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) and density functional theory (DFT) calculation of the loose outer solvation clusters and the key adsorption–deposition step supports the fast diffusion and stable interface electrochemistry with an accelerated filling mode with C─F and C─H groups. The approach induces the uniform lithium deposition. Excellent cycling performance is achieved in Li||Li symmetric cells, and even after 200 cycles in Li||NCM811 full cells, 80% of the capacity is retained. This work elucidates the accelerated electrochemical processes at the interface and expands the design strategies of acceleration fluorinated additives for lithium metal batteries.
Effectiveness of Japanese traditional medicine yokukansan for nocturia due to sleep disorders
Authors: Matsuo Tomohiro , Mori Shintaro , Honda Hiroyuki , Araki Kyohei , Mitsunari Kensuke , Ohba Kojiro , Imamura Ryoichi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effectiveness of yokukansan, a traditional Japanese medicine, as treatment for nocturia due to sleep disorders.MethodsIn this study, we included patients diagnosed with nocturia due to sleep disorders, evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Participants received 2.5 g of yokukansan, three times daily, for 12 weeks. We evaluated the changes in the overactive bladder (OAB) symptom score (OABSS), hours of undisturbed sleep (HUS), and PSQI score. In addition, patients were categorized based on the severity of their sleep disorders, and we divided patients into two groups according to whether the severity of the disorder was downgraded after treatment: the improved and unchanged groups.ResultsAmong 35 patients with a mean ± standard deviation age of 73.2 ± 10.5 years, yokukansan administration was associated with significant improvements in nighttime urinary frequency (from 3.8 ± 2.1 to 2.1 ± 1.9), total OABSS score (from 4.9 ± 1.8 to 2.9 ± 1.9), OABSS urgency score (from 1.3 ± 1.0 to 0.7 ± 0.9), HUS (from 2.2 ± 0.6 to 3.5 ± 1.1 h), and global PSQI score (from 11.9 ± 3.1 to 10.0 ± 1.4; all p < 0.001). In addition, significant improvements were noted in both the improved and unchanged groups in terms of the total OABSS, nocturia, and urgency scores. Furthermore, yokukansan treatment was related to improved global PSQI scores in both groups (improved group: from 10.8 ± 0.7 to 8.6 ± 0.5, p = 0.001; unchanged group: from 12.3 ± 3.4 to 10.4 ± 1.3, p = 0.004).ConclusionYokukansan may effectively ameliorate nocturia due to sleep disorders.
Double holography of entangled universes
Authors: Myers Robert C. , Ruan Shan-Ming , Ugajin Tomonori 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We employ double holography to examine a system of two entangled gravitating universes that live on two codimension-one branes in an asymptotically AdS3 spacetime with two disjoint conformal boundaries. There are distinct brane configurations depending on the temperature of the thermofield double (TFD) state between the left and right systems. The topology transition between two branes is naturally identified with the emergence of an Einstein-Rosen bridge connecting the two entangled universes. This doubly holographic construction offers a holographic perspective on gravitational collapse and black hole formation in brane universes. Through this holographic framework, we analyze the quantum information structure of the two gravitating universes. Specifically, we calculate the mutual information between defects present in the boundary theories on the left and right sides. Furthermore, we investigate the decoupling process in the Hayden-Preskill protocol applied to the two copies of the defect field theory and discuss the interpretation of the Yoshida-Kitaev decoding protocol.
Effective theory approach for axion wormholes
Authors: Cheong Dhong Yeon , Park Seong Chan , Shin Chang Sub 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We employ the effective field theory approach to analyze the characteristics of Euclidean wormholes within axion theories. Using this approach, we obtain non-perturbative instantons in various complex scalar models with and without a non-minimal coupling to gravity, as well as models featuring the R2 term for a range of coupling values. This yields a series of analytical expressions for the axion wormhole action, shedding light on the model parameters and field dependencies of contributions in both the ultraviolet and infrared domains. Consequently, model-dependent local operators that disrupt axion shift symmetries are generated at lower energy levels. This, in turn, provides crucial insights into the gravitational influences on the axion quality problem.