bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracing neurodevelopment and growth pattern in six-year-old children with idiopathic clubfoot: A national cohort study
Authors: Cho Sung Tan , Yoo Ha-Na , Jeong Simho , Kim Ju Hee , Ha Eun Kyo , Han Bo Eun , Liawrungrueang Wongthawat , Han Man Yong , Lee Soonchul 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Study design:
Population-based retrospective cohort study
Objectives
Timely recognition and intervention are crucial for idiopathic clubfoot management, yet its developmental impact on children is underexplored. This study investigates neurodevelopment and physical growth in children with idiopathic clubfoot up to age six.
Methods
This population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted in South Korea (2009–2019) using linked data from National Health Insurance Service. The cohort included children diagnosed with idiopathic clubfoot and 1:10 exact match of unexposed children. Neurodevelopmental assessments were conducted using the validated Korean Developmental Screening Test, which covers six domains: gross motor skills, fine motor skills, cognition, language, social skills, and self-regulation, for children aged 42–71 months. Secondary outcomes measured were height and body mass index (BMI) Z-score during the same period.
Results
The cohort comprised 484 children with idiopathic clubfoot and 4,840 matched unexposed children. Children with clubfoot had a higher rate of premature birth (7.44% vs. 3.66%, p < 0.0001), lower birth weight (3.08 ± 0.59 kg vs. 3.20 ± 0.46 kg, p < 0.0001), and higher frequency of breastfeeding (42.9% vs. 33.7%, p < 0.001), compared to the unexposed children. In-depth evaluation of all six neurodevelopmental domains showed significant differences in children with clubfoot (overall aOR, 3.671; 95% CI, 2.463–5.471). Children with clubfoot showed a significant height delay (Z score, -1.63 below), but no BMI difference was noted.
Conclusions
Children with clubfoot exhibited differences in neurodevelopment and height. Early parental concern and proactive therapeutic interventions are crucial during the initial stages of developmental delay in children with clubfoot.
Analysis of the Influence of Myodural Bridge Complex Classification on Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Yin Hao-Song , Liu Cong , Zheng Nan , Yu Sheng-Bo , Chi Yan-Yan , Zhang Jian-Fei , Tian Yan-Ping , Ning Zhi-Chao , Wang Hao-Nan , Sui Hong-Jin , Xu Qiang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective To classify myodural bridge complex (MDBC) in the posterior atlanto-occipital interspace (PAOiS) and posterior atlanto-axial interspace (PAAiS) in cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), analyzing the effects of sex, age, spinal compression ratio(CR), space available for the cord༈SAC༉, and cervical sagittal balance༈CSB) parameters on the classification of MDBC in CSM, the aim is to provide imaging evidence for the functional research and clinical application of MDBC. Methods Imaging data from 96 patients with CSM and 104 healthy adults were retrospectively selected, were evaluated by univariate analysis of factors and multi-factor analysis of factor Influencing the MRI Classification of MDBC in CSM . Results The results showed significantly lower proportions of Type A and Type B MDBC in the CSM group than in the control group (P < 0.001), the proportions of type C and type D MDBC were greater than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and have a statistically significant correlation with age (P < 0.05), but not with sex (P > 0.05). Types C and D predominated in the MDBC classification in CSM, regardless of sex and age (P > 0.05). Parameters such as the mean subaxial cervical space available for the cord (MSCSAC), and mean subaxial cervical compression ration (MSCCR) significantly influenced the MDBC classification in CSM (P < 0.05), particularly for Types C and D. Sex and CSB did not affect MDBC classification. Conclusion The MDBC classification in CSM predominantly showed Type C and Type D, regardless of age. MSCSAC and MSCCR are influencing factors of MDBC classification in CSM, particularly affecting Type C and Type D MDB, regardless of sex and CSB.
Research on Robot Path Planning Based on Improved A* Algorithm
Authors: Liu Haibin , Cao Jingjing , Zhao Yang , Wang Zhiyuan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

With the advent of the industrial 4.0 era of intelligent manufacturing, industrial production is becoming more and more unmanned, such as drones, self-driving cars, industrial robotic arms, unmanned aerial vehicles, etc. This paper proposes an improved A* path planning algorithm, which achieves fast and accurate path planning to find the target location. Aiming at the problems of blind expansion, large number of sampling nodes, and slow speed of the traditional A* algorithm, this paper proposes an improved A* path planning algorithm, which retains the heuristic function and uses a fixed sampling function to find the fixed sampling points, and makes the starting point and the target point simultaneously perform path planning towards the sampling points. Thus, the problems of a large number of sampling nodes and slow speed are solved. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional A* algorithm, the number of sampling nodes is reduced by 65.30%, and compared with the A* algorithm with heuristic function, the number of sampling points is reduced by 55.35%. At the same time, the optimal path is retained. It meets the requirements of path planning.
Quantifying Intratumoral Biomarker Heterogeneity in Tubo-ovarian High-grade Serous Carcinoma to Optimize Clinical Translation
Authors: Talhouk Aline , Chiu Derek S. , Meunier Liliane , Rahimi Kurosh , Page Cecile Le , Bernard Monique , Provencher Diane , Huntsman David G. , Masson Anne Marie Mes , Köbel Martin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is spatial, phenotypic, or molecular differences within the same tumor that have important implications for accurate tumor classification and assessment of predictive biomarkers. The Canadian Ovarian Experimental Unified Resource (COEUR) has created a cohort of 437 FFPE tissue specimens from 108 tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) patients to quantify ITH across the anatomical sites and between primary and recurrence. We quantified the ITH of six clinically used immunohistochemical diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers (WT1, p53, p16, PR, CD8, and Ki67). Markers were stained on tissue microarrays and scored using a continuous or categorical interpretation of staining patterns. Two-way random effect and nested intraclass correlation were used to assess continuous markers, and Gwet’s AC1 was used for categorical markers. All biomarkers showed at least substantial agreement over several spatial comparisons, with WT1, p53 and p16 showing almost perfect agreement for most spatial comparisons. Similarly, categorical WT1, p53 and p16 showed almost perfect agreement for temporal comparisons, while the agreement for primary versus recurrence for PR, CD8 and Ki67 was only fair. We provide power calculations to achieve reliability of >0.60 and recommend testing emerging protein biomarkers to see whether they reach a clinically acceptable benchmark level of ITH.
The Utility of Neuro-QOL in Idiopathic REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Authors: Barone Daniel A. , Sarva Harini , Hellmers Natalie , Wang Fei , Xu Zhenxing , Krieger Ana C. , Henchcliffe Claire 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Idiopathic rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) can affect quality of life (QOL) for both patient and bed partner; has been less well-studied. Utilizing the Neuro-QOL, we aimed to investigate QOL complaints in subjects with iRBD, and whether QOL changes were associated with phenoconversion to neurodegenerative illness.
Methods
We prospectively enrolled subjects from the “REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Associations with Parkinson’s Disease Study (RAPiDS)” cohort and evaluated them via the NeuroQOL, both at baseline and then at follow-up evaluations. Determination of phenoconversion was ascertained from physical examination and medical chart review.
Results
Of those who completed both evaluations, there were 33 subjects with iRBD, with an average age of 61.9 ± 13.0 years, with 13 women and 26 men. Various QOL changes were found among those who phenoconverted versus those who did not; but following correction, none of these changes were significant.
Conclusions
This is the first time the Neuro-QOL has been studied in iRBD. QOL can be affected in this condition, but other screening tools will likely be needed for future studies.
Overdiagnosing Giant Bullous Emphysema as Metastatic Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Lee Jiyun , Park Eunsu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Giant bullous emphysema is characterized by large bullae occupying at least one-third of the hemithorax and leading to compression of the surrounding lung parenchyma. Overdiagnosis can occur because of the atypical appearance of hyperplastic type II pneumocytes, which may be mistaken for malignant cells.
Case Presentation:
A 48-year-old male with a history of smoking and occupational exposure presented with dyspnea and drowsiness. Initial chest X-ray revealed a tension pneumothorax, and subsequent chest CT revealed extensive bullous emphysema and lung cancer in the right middle lobe (RML). Pathologic examination initially indicated resected bullae to metastatic adenocarcinoma, but upon review, it was determined that the reactive alveolar cells were misdiagnosed as malignant.
Conclusions
This case emphasizes the need for thorough histopathological assessment and prudent interpretation of atypical cellular morphology.
Seismic behavior of precast wall slab wall structure under near and far field earthquakes.
Authors: Chougule Shashiraj , Bharti S D , Shrimali M K , Datta T K 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Significant damages in precast wall-slab-wall (WSW) systems due to past earthquakes in near-field zones were reported in the literature. This led to research on the seismic behavior of precast structures. Most of them concentrated on precast framed structures. Comparatively, fewer studies have been conducted on WSW systems, especially in exploring their performance in near-field earthquakes. This study focuses on the analysis of a 5-story precast WSW structure and the corresponding monolithic WSW structures under near-field (NF) and far-field (FF) earthquakes. The normalized backbone curves (M-θcurves) of precast and monolithic wall slab connections are modeled using link elements at the slab-wall interface. A default plastic hinge is assigned at a distance of 0.1L from the slab-wall interface. Three types of earthquakes are considered: far-field (FF), near-field forward directivity (NFD), and near-field fling step effect (NFFE). Nonlinear time history analysis (NLTHA) is performed in the computer program SAP2000 using an ensemble of 7 different earthquake records for each type. The earthquake records are normalized for three levels of peak ground acceleration (PGA): 0.4g, 0.6g, and 0.8g. The responses of interest include top story displacement (TSD), maximum inter-story drift ratio (MIDR), base shear (BS), and maximum acceleration (MA). Comparative studies utilize the ensemble average of responses. The findings reveal that the theoretical analysis of precast frames shows greater vulnerability compared to conventional monolithic frames (as commonly practiced without specifying M-θ curves at the slab-wall interface). Moreover, NFFE lead to increased top story displacement and MIDR responses in all types of precast and monolithic WSW structures under study.
Extended RIC and fractional-order modeling in Chronic Obstructive Respiratory Disease: Association with functional capacity and accuracy predicting abnormal functional performance
Authors: Ribeiro Caroline O. , Lopes Agnaldo J. , Melo Pedro L. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background The contribution of respiratory models to understanding functional capacity abnormalities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not yet been investigated. Thus, the aims of this study were: (1) To investigate the associations between the extended RIC (eRIC) and the fractional-order (FrOr) models with changes in Glittre-ADL and handgrip tests and; (2) To evaluate the accuracy of these models in predicting abnormal functional capacity in COPD. Methods The study was carried out in a group of 40 adults with COPD and a control group of 40 healthy individuals, both evaluated by respiratory oscillometry, spirometry, Glittre-ADL test and handgrip test. eRIC and fractional order models were also used to quantify biomechanical changes and obtain physiological information. The ability of model parameters to predict abnormal functional performance was evaluated by investigating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results and discussion Inverse relationships were observed between central airway resistance from the eRIC model and the handgrip test (p < 0.005), while repiratory compliance (C) was directly related with handgrip strength test and inversely associated with the Glittre-ADL test time (p < 0.05). The FrOr model showed direct associations among respiratory damping (G) and elastance with the Glittre-ADL test (p < 0.02), while significant inverse relatinships were observed with the handgrip test (p < 0.05). Modeling parameters (peripheral resistance, total resistance and histeresivity) achieved high prediction accuracy (AUC > 0.90) in predicting non-normal functional capacity in COPD assessed by the Glittre-ADL test. Considering abnormal changes evaluated by the handgrip test as a reference, C (AUC = 0.810) and G (AUC = 0.786) obtained the highest predictive accuracies. Conclusions Parameters obtained from the eRIC and the fractional order models are associated with non-normal exercise performance in COPD and may help predict poor functional performance in these patients.
LUMEN-PRO: Automating Multi-Task Learning on Optical Neural Networks with Weight Sharing and Physical Rotation
Authors: Zhou Shanglin , Li Yingjie , Gao Weilu , Yu Cunxi , Ding Caiwen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The democratization of AI encourages multi-task learning (MTL), demanding more parameters and processing time. To achieve highly energy-efficient MTL, Diffractive Optical Neural Networks (DONNs) have garnered attention due to extremely low energy and high computation speed. However, implementing MTL on DONNs requires manually reconfiguring & replacing layers, and rebuilding & duplicating the physical optical systems. To overcome the challenges, we propose LUMEN-PRO, an automated MTL framework using DONNs. We first propose to automate MTL utilizing an arbitrary backbone DONN and a set of tasks, resulting in a high-accuracy multi-task DONN model with small memory footprint that surpasses existing MTL. Second, we leverage the rotability of the physical optical system and replace task-specific layers with rotation of the corresponding shared layers. This replacement eliminates the storage requirement of task-specific layers, further optimizing the memory footprint. LUMEN-PRO provides flexibility in identifying optimal sharing patterns across diverse datasets, facilitating the search for highly energy-efficient DONNs. Experiments show that LUMEN-PRO provides up to 49.58% higher accuracy and 4× better cost efficiency than single-task and existing DONN approaches. It achieves memory lower bound of MTL, with memory efficiency matching single-task models. Compared to IBM-TrueNorth and Nanophotonic, LUMEN-PRO achieves 597× and 68× energy efficiency gain, respectively.
Evaluating Cancer Patients’ Experiences with Doctor-Patient Communication: Development and Validation of a New Assessment Instrument
Authors: Yang Hsin-Yi , Lin Yung-Chang , Shen Wen-Chi , Chen Shin-Cheh , Wang Chao-Hui , Chen Mei-Ling 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Effective communication between doctors and patients is crucial for the well-being of individuals diagnosed with cancer. This study aimed to develop and validate a cancer-specific Doctor-Patient Communication Satisfaction Scale (DPCSS-Cancer) from the patients' perspective.
Methods
Initial items were generated through literature review. Content validity was assessed via feedback from five experts, while face validity was determined through cognitive interviews with 13 patients. The revised DPCSS-Cancer was subsequently tested in a sample of 200 cancer patients to assess test-retest stability, internal consistency, factor structure, and criterion-related validity.
Results
The development process resulted in a 15-item DPCSS-Cancer across two dimensions, using a 4-point rating scale (1 = strongly disagree to 4 = strongly agree). The item-level Content Validity Index (I-CVI) ranged from 0.8 to 1.0, with a scale-level CVI of 0.96. Following expert and patient feedback, no items were eliminated, but modifications were made to item wording. In formal testing, the overall Cronbach’s alpha was 0.96, with 0.89 for the first dimension and 0.95 for the second. Test-retest reliability was established at 0.82. The two-dimensional structure was partially confirmed. Criterion-related validity was supported through a significant positive correlation with a measure of trust in the physician (r = 0.86). Factors contributing to higher DPCSS-Cancer scores were identified.
Conclusion
The DPCSS-Cancer shows satisfactory reliability and validity, making it a viable patient-reported outcome measure for assessing cancer patients' satisfaction with doctor-patient communication.
Constraint Embedding for Prompt Tuning in Vision-Language Pre-Trained Model
Authors: Cheng Keyang , Wei Liutao , Tang Jingfeng , Zhan Yongzhao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Prompt tuning, which fine-tunes the feature distributions in pre-trained Vision-Language (VL) models by adding learnable tokens or contexts into image and text branches, has emerged as a popular method for enhancing task-specific performance. However, this approach may result in overfitting specific target data distributions, thereby undermining the original generalization capabilities of frozen models such as CLIP. To tackle this issue, a novel framework named Constraint Embedding for Prompt Tuning (CEPT) is proposed for optimizing the learnable prompt tokens. To maintain the feature extraction capabilities of the pre-trained CLIP model while extracting relevant data features for downstream tasks, the Block Consistency Constraint (BCC) approach is proposed. This approach adjusts the feature extraction step by ensuring that block-wise embeddings are aligned, thereby preserving the original generalization performance of the pre-trained VL model. Additionally, to achieve a more harmonious distribution of image-text features in the potential space, the Distribution Constraint (DC) strategy is introduced. This strategy enhances multimodal data feature alignment by evenly dispersing different classes of data features and concentrating the same class of image features within the potential space. Finally, CEPT surpassed the state-of-the-art for base-to-novel generalization, achieving a harmonic mean improvement of over 1.04%. Additionally, for few-shot learning, it demonstrates an average improvement of 1.63% across five few-shot scenarios.
Magnetic field-assisted enhancement in efficiency of hybrid TiO2/spinel ferrite nanocomposite-based DSSCs
Authors: Jabbar Hashim , Abdullah Basil A , Abdulsalam Noor , Gatia Sumaia H. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The possibility of tuning and enhancing the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) containing magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) by external stimulus such as magnetic fields may find applicability in a wide range of applications, including photovoltaic devices. Here, pure TiO2 NPs and TiO2/CoFe2O4 photocatalytic nanocomposites with different CoFe2O4 NP concentrations (1–5 wt.%) are prepared, followed by investigating their morphological, chemical, structural, and magnetic properties by FE-SEM, XRD, and VSM measurements. The power conversion efficiency (η) is examined under internal and external magnetic field effects using solar cell (I-V) characteristics measurements, involving an improvement in the interaction of light with the anchored dye molecules of the nanocomposites with spinel ferrite crystal structure. The performance of short circuit current (JSC) increases by 12.3% for pure TiO2 NPs when applying an external magnetic field of 700 Oe. By systematically investigating the impact of magnetizing and demagnetizing fields caused by CoFe2O4 NPs on the efficiency of DSSCs with TiO2 photoanode, remarkable enhancements in JSC and η (up to about 60% and 28%) are observed under the application of the external magnetic field, which can be related to the shortening of the time required for the charge carriers to recombine due to an increase in the force exerted on the velocity of the electrons. However, η of the fabricated DSSCs is reduced by increasing the CoFe2O4 NP concentration. The reliability of the hybrid nanocomposites is confirmed by repeating the experiments for at least 3 times, indicating no obvious changes in the degradation efficiency.
Theoretical Study of the Synergistic Effect between Glyceryl Monooleate Lubricant and Carboxymethylcellulose in Reducing the Coefficient of Friction of Water-Based Drilling Fluids
Authors: Baruqui Aline Carvalho , Nascimento Regina Sandra Veiga , Nascimento Marco Antonio Chaer 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Context
Drilling fluids must reduce the coefficient of friction between the drilling equipment and the drilled rock or well casing. Friction forces become particularly relevant in drilling with a high angle gain, in which cases oil-based fluids are generally used. The latter are highly lubricating, but harmful to the environment. For environmental and economic reasons, there is great interest in the development of new additives that enable the use of water-based drilling fluids in all phases of well drilling. Preliminary experimental results show that there is a synergistic effect between the lubricant additive, glyceryl monooleate (GMO), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), a polysaccharide used in water-based drilling fluids as a rheological modifier, resulting in extremely low friction coefficients. This work aimed to clarify, through theoretical calculations, the interaction between CMC and GMO, as well as their role in reducing the coefficient of friction of water-based fluids.
Methods
Calculations based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) were used to predict which, CMC or GMO, preferentially binds to the metal surface. The interactions between the polysaccharide and the surfactant were studied through a combination of classical molecular dynamics and DFT calculations. Finally, dynamic calculations were carried out involving fragments of the polysaccharide, the surfactant and hematite, representing the metal surface. The results pointed to the preferential binding of CMC to hematite. Regarding the interaction between polymer and surfactant, it was found that the polar part of the GMO interacts with the CMC through hydrogen bonds while the nonpolar carbon chain remains close to the polymer due to hydrophobic interactions. Molecular dynamics calculations showed that GMO increases the binding energy of CMC to hematite and also that this increase in the binding energy is highly influenced by electrostatic interactions.