bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive modeling and threshold scores for care seeking among women with urinary incontinence: The short forms of the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory and Urogenital Distress Inventory
Authors: Gafni‐Kane Adam , Zhou Ying , Botros Sylvia M. 
Published: July 2015

AimsTo further the interpretability of the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI‐20) and Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI‐6) by (i) evaluating the ability of these measures to distinguish between women with urinary incontinence who do and do not seek care, (ii) defining PFDI‐20 and UDI‐6 threshold scores above which women with urinary incontinence seek care, and (iii) developing a predictive model for incontinence care seeking.MethodsAn observational study was conducted with two groups of women with urinary incontinence: 256 who had not sought care and 90 seeking initial care at a tertiary center. Sample sizes were based upon the prevalence of care seeking for urinary incontinence and the number of potential predictors for care seeking. Wilcoxon rank‐sum tests, receiver operating characteristics, and multivariable logistic regression were use to achieve the study aims.ResultsWomen with urinary incontinence who sought care had higher median PFDI‐20 and UDI‐6 scores compared to non‐care seekers (73.96 vs. 16.67, P < 0.0001, and 41.67 vs. 8.33, P < 0.0001). A PFDI‐20 score of 33.33 (83.33% sensitivity and 79.30% specificity) had very good discriminatory accuracy in distinguishing care and non‐care seekers (AUC 0.886 ± 0.019 [95%CI 0.8518, 0.9254] P < 0.0001). A UDI‐6 score of 25.00 (83.33% sensitivity and 83.59% specificity) had excellent discriminatory accuracy in distinguishing care and non‐care seekers (AUC 0.9025 ± 0.0190 [95%CI 0.8653, 0.9398] P < 0.0001). A multivariable predictive model accurately identified 82.4% of care and non‐care seekers.ConclusionsA PFDI‐20 score of 33.33 and UDI‐6 score of 25.00 provide meaningful benchmarks for care seeking among women with urinary incontinence. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:949–954, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Extradural implantation of sacral anterior root stimulator in spinal cord injury patients
Authors: Castaño‐Botero Juan Carlos , Ospina‐Galeano Irma Amparo , Gómez‐Illanes Reynaldo , Lopera‐Toro Adrian 
Published: July 2015

AimsTo evaluate the efficacy and complications of extradural sacral anterior root stimulation (SARS) implantation in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) resulting from spinal cord injury (SCI).Materials and methodsA retrospective study was conducted between 2009 and 2013, on consecutive patients with NDO associated with SCI that underwent SARS implantation. We evaluated those factors related to clinical symptoms such as urinary infection rate, erections, and episodes of autonomic dysreflexia. Data from cystometric bladder capacity (CBC) and post‐void residual (PVR) volume were also analyzed.ResultsOf the 104 patients included in the study, 95 (91%) patients were men with a mean (standard deviation) (SD) age of 38 (10) years. Mean (SD) time between the onset of SCI and the SARS was 78.2 (59.0) months. At baseline, 95 (91%) patients had urinary infections as compared with 16 (15%) after treatment, P < 0.001. The percentage of patients that had urinary incontinence was significantly higher at baseline than that observed after SARS, 100% versus 14%, respectively, P < 0.001. Similar results were obtained regarding dysreflexia, P < 0.001. After SARS, the mean (SD) bladder capacity was 362 (108) ml and 98 (94%) patients had a bladder capacity greater than 400 ml. As regard to the adverse effects, six patients (6%) required a suburethral mesh implant and two (2%) patients had an infection, 4 and 5 months after SARS, respectively.ConclusionsExtradural implantation of SARS seems to be an effective and safe procedure in patients with spinal cord injury and neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:970–974, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An algebraic multifrontal preconditioner that exploits the low‐rank property
Authors: Napov Artem , Li Xiaoye S. 
Published: July 2015

SummaryWe present an algebraic structured preconditioner for the iterative solution of large sparse linear systems. The preconditioner is based on a multifrontal variant of sparse LU factorization used with nested dissection ordering. Multifrontal factorization amounts to a partial factorization of a sequence of logically dense frontal matrices, and the preconditioner is obtained if structured factorization is used instead. This latter exploits the presence of low numerical rank in some off‐diagonal blocks of the frontal matrices. An algebraic procedure is presented that allows to identify the hierarchy of the off‐diagonal blocks with low numerical rank based on the sparsity of the system matrix. This procedure is motivated by a model problem analysis, yet numerical experiments show that it is successful beyond the model problem scope. Further aspects relevant for the algebraic structured preconditioner are discussed and illustrated with numerical experiments. The preconditioner is also compared with other solvers, including the corresponding direct solver. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychosocial factors that influence men's help‐seeking for cancer symptoms: a systematic synthesis of mixed methods research
Authors: Fish Jennifer A. , Prichard Ivanka , Ettridge Kerry , Grunfeld Elizabeth A. , Wilson Carlene 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveEffectiveness of cancer control partly depends upon early identification and treatment. Men appear to be more likely to delay help‐seeking for symptoms, resulting in later diagnosis. This review aims to provide a mixed research synthesis of the psychosocial barriers to and facilitators of help‐seeking for cancer symptoms among men.MethodsSystematic methods were followed, including a predefined research question and search strategy. Searches retrieved 7131 international records from online databases: MEDLINE (n = 3011), PubMed (n = 471), SCOPUS (n = 896), Informit (n = 131), PsychINFO (n = 347), and Web of Science (n = 2275). Forty studies were eligible for inclusion in the review (25 qualitative studies, 11 quantitative studies, and 4 mixed‐method studies).ResultsThere was strong observational evidence for several psychosocial barriers to men's help‐seeking behaviour: low cancer knowledge and inaccurate symptom interpretation, embarrassment and fear, and conformity to masculine gender role norms. The strongest facilitating factor associated with men's help‐seeking behaviour was encouragement and support of spouses and family members. The majority of research was qualitative and used small samples, making generalisations to the wider population difficult.ConclusionsMen's help‐seeking for cancer symptoms is influenced by several psychosocial factors, which, in part, may be gender‐specific. Health promotion initiatives to improve help‐seeking behaviour among men should aim to increase cancer knowledge, reduce embarrassment and fear, address social norms deterring timely help‐seeking, and acknowledge informal help‐seeking with spouses and family members. Increasing the theoretical grounding of research could aid cohesion across the research area and the design of effective health promotion interventions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of Viscoelastic Poisson’s Ratio of Solid Propellants using an Accuracy‐enhanced 2D Digital Image Correlation Technique
Authors: Pan Bing , Yu Liping , Yuan Jieyu , Shen Zhibin , Tang Guojin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPoisson’s ratio plays a significant role in the structural response of solid propellants, which is, in essence, a nearly incompressible viscoelastic material. Numerical models that assume a constant Poisson’s ratio generally cannot achieve good results, thus requiring an accurate knowledge of time‐dependent viscoelastic Poisson’s ratio of solid propellants. In this work, accurate determination of tensile strains and viscoelastic Poisson’s ratio of solid propellants using an accuracy‐enhanced 2D digital image correlation (DIC) technique is described. To achieve high‐accuracy measurement, great improvements were made to regular 2D‐DIC technique to maximally eliminate the errors caused by non‐ideal loading conditions, specimen deformation and lens distortion. Rigid body translation tests with zero strain state are first performed to verify the accuracy of the proposed DIC technique. Then application of the proposed technique for determining the time‐varying viscoelastic Poisson’s ratios of solid propellants in stress relaxation tests are demonstrated. The results reveal that, by adequately eliminating the measurement errors associated with the unavoidable out‐of‐plane displacements and lens distortion, the present DIC technique can be used for precise determination of viscoelastic Poisson’s ratio of solid propellants, which is found to be increasing nonlinearly to the incompressible value of 0.50 as time increases.
Non‐singular sequence folding‐based pseudorandom key generation algorithm for cryptographic processor
Authors: Soundra Pandian K. K. , Ray Kailash Chandra 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this paper, a new algorithm to construct the non‐linear‐based Boolean function using non‐singular sequence folding technique is proposed to generate pseudorandom binary key sequence for cryptographic processor. Unlike the conventional methodology to generate recursive pseudorandom nibble of 15 (60‐bit) from minimum seed of four bits, the proposed algorithm has the novelty to generate non‐recursive pseudorandom nibble of 63 (252‐bit) from the same minimum seed of four bits. In this proposed algorithm, a given binary sequence is converted to de Bruijn sequence and folded to minimum state with the strategy of binary encoding, which supports to determine the non‐linear Boolean function. Further, the next state functions with minimum logic complexity is formulated using the algebraic normal form to generate non‐recursive pseudorandom binary sequence. The key stream analysis is performed, and randomness tests for the generated pseudorandom binary sequence (key stream) is validated using National Institute of Standards and Technology test suite. The proposed algorithm in this paper has improved in terms of sequence size and number of stages compared with existing algorithms. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimized joint cell planning and BS on/off switching for LTE networks
Authors: Al‐Kanj Lina , El‐Beaino Wissam , El‐Hajj Ahmad M. , Dawy Zaher 
Published: July 2015

AbstractEnergy is becoming a main concern nowadays due to the increasing demands on natural energy resources. Base stations (BSs) consume up to 80% of the total energy expenditure in a cellular network. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a green radio network planning approach by jointly optimizing the number of active BSs and the BS on/off switching patterns based on the changing traffic conditions in the network in an effort to reduce the total energy consumption of the BSs. The problem is formulated as an integer optimization problem, which proves to be NP‐complete, and thus it can be efficiently solved for small to medium network sizes. For large network sizes, we propose a heuristic solution with close to optimal performance because the optimal solution becomes computationally complex. Planning is performed based on two approaches: a reactive and a proactive approach. In the proactive approach, planning will be performed starting with the lowest traffic demand until reaching the highest traffic demand, whereas in the reactive approach, the reverse way is considered. Performance results are presented for various case studies and are complemented by testing the proposed approaches using commercial radio network planning tools. Results demonstrate considerable energy savings reaching up to 40% through dynamic adaptation of the number of simultaneously active BSs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐throughput computation and the applicability of Monte Carlo integration in fatigue load estimation of floating offshore wind turbines
Authors: Graf Peter A. , Stewart Gordon , Lackner Matthew , Dykes Katherine , Veers Paul 
Published: July 2015

AbstractLong‐term fatigue loads for floating offshore wind turbines are hard to estimate because they require the evaluation of the integral of a highly nonlinear function over a wide variety of wind and wave conditions. Current design standards involve scanning over a uniform rectangular grid of metocean inputs (e.g., wind speed and direction and wave height and period), which becomes intractable in high dimensions as the number of required evaluations grows exponentially with dimension. Monte Carlo integration offers a potentially efficient alternative because it has theoretical convergence proportional to the inverse of the square root of the number of samples, which is independent of dimension. In this paper, we first report on the integration of the aeroelastic code FAST into NREL's systems engineering tool, WISDEM, and the development of a high‐throughput pipeline capable of sampling from arbitrary distributions, running FAST on a large scale, and postprocessing the results into estimates of fatigue loads. Second, we use this tool to run a variety of studies aimed at comparing grid‐based and Monte Carlo‐based approaches with calculating long‐term fatigue loads. We observe that for more than a few dimensions, the Monte Carlo approach can represent a large improvement in computational efficiency, but that as nonlinearity increases, the effectiveness of Monte Carlo is correspondingly reduced. The present work sets the stage for future research focusing on using advanced statistical methods for analysis of wind turbine fatigue as well as extreme loads. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
pH Dependent Synthesis of Two Manganese Compounds based on 5‐(2‐Pyrimidyl)tetrazole‐1‐acetic Acid
Authors: Li Xiu Yun , Zhang Ping , Tian He , Zhu Da Liang , Zhang Fei Fei , Li Qiao Yun , Yang Gao Wen , Wei Bo , Zou Jian Hua 
Published: July 2015

AbstractReactions of Hpymtza [Hpymtza = 5‐(2‐pyrimidyl)tetrazole‐1‐acetic acid] with MnCl2·4H2O under different pH conditions, afforded the complexes [Mn(pymtza)2(H2O)4] (1) and [Mn2(pymtza)2Cl2(EtOH)]·H2O (2). The compounds were structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Compound 1 shows a mononuclear structure, whereas complex 2 has a 1D chain structure. In compound 1, the pymtza ligand only acts in a monodentate manner to coordinate to one central MnII atom by one carboxylate atom, In 2, pymtza acts as tetradentate ligand to connect three MnII ions. Compounds 1 and 2 display 3D networks by hydrogen bonding interactions. Furthermore, the luminescence properties of Hpymtza as well as compounds 1 and 2 were investigated at room temperature in the solid state.
Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Thermal Analyses of ­Copper(II) and Manganese(II) Mixed‐Ligand Coordination Polymers Constructed from Benzimidazole‐5, 6‐dicarboxylic Acid and N‐Donor Ligands
Authors: Wang Yongli , Wei Zhen , Geng Lili , Yang Xiaoqian , An Xiaoying , Liang Siyu 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe coordination polymers, {[Cu(Hbidc)(2, 2′‐bpy)(H2O)]·2H2O}n (1) and {[Mn(Hbidc)(2, 2′‐bpy) (H2O)2]·2H2O}n (2) (H3bidc = benzimidazole‐5, 6‐dicarboxylic acid, 2, 2′‐bpy = 2, 2′‐bipyridine), were synthesized in solution and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Complexes 1 and 2 consist of different 1D chain structures. In both compounds, 2, 2′‐bpy is chelating in a bidentate manner, whereas the Hbidc ligands in complexes 1 and 2 display chelating‐bridging tridentate and bridging bidentate coordination modes. The two complexes are further extended into 3D supramolecular structures through O–H···O and N–H···O hydrogen bonds. The thermal stabilities of complexes 1 and 2 were studied by thermogravimetric analyses (TGA).
Synthesis and Characterization of Bis(2‐iminopyrrolyl) Iron(II) Complexes by N–H Bond Activation
Authors: Jiao Guili , Zhu Gengyu , Zhang Shumiao , Sun Hongjian 
Published: July 2015

Abstract The reactions of 2‐iminopyrroles 1–3 with Fe(PMe3)4 afforded the N–H activated bis(2‐iminopyrrolyl) iron(II) complexes 4–6. The structures of compounds 4–6 were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The formation mechanism of complexes 4–6 was discussed.
Metal Ion Induced Assembly of Two Coordination Polymers with Different Topological Nets: Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Luminescent Properties
Authors: Du Jie , Zou Guanglong 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe coordination polymers [Zn2(NDA)(HNDA)2(IPT)2]n (1) and [Mn(NDA)(IPT)]n (2) [H2NDA = naphthalene‐1,4‐dicarboxylic acid and IPT = 4′‐(4‐(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)phenyl)‐4,2′:6′,4′′‐terpyridine] were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Complex 1 features a one‐dimensional ladder‐like chain, whereas complex 2 shows a three‐dimensional CdS topology. The different coordination modes for organic ligands and topological nets for complexes 1 and 2 are mainly related with the metal ions.
A Novel One‐Dimensional Copper Mellitate Complex Featured by {Cu(H2O)2(urea)[C6(COO)4(COOH)2]}n2n– Polyanions
Authors: Köferstein Roberto , Robl Christian 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBlue monoclinic single crystals of the novel one‐dimensional [H3N‐(CH2)6‐NH3][Cu(H2O)2(urea)(μ2‐C6(COO)4(COOH)2)]·H2O coordination polymer were prepared in aqueous solution at room temperature in the presence of 1,6‐diaminohexane and urea [space group P21/n (no. 14) with a = 958.48(9), b = 1465.74(11), c = 1821.14(12) pm, β = 97.655(8)°]. The Cu2+ cation is coordinated in a square pyramidal manner by two oxygen atoms stemming from the dihydrogen mellitate tetraanion, one oxygen atom from the urea molecule, and two water molecules. The Cu–O distances are in the range of 193.3(2) and 229.4(2) pm. The connection between Cu2+ and [C6(COO)4(COOH)2]4– yields infinite chain‐like polyanions parallel to [1$\bar{}$01] with a composition of {Cu(H2O)2(urea)[C6(COO)4(COOH)2]}n2n–. The dihydrogen mellitate tetraanion adopts a μ2 coordination mode. The [(H3N–(CH2)6–NH3)]2+ cations are accommodated between the chains as counter cations. The hexane‐1,6‐diammonium cations adopt a partial synclinal conformation. The chains are connected by strong and weak hydrogen bonds. Magnetic measurements reveal a paramagnetic Curie‐Weiss behavior and a magnetic moment of 1.93 μB per Cu2+. Thermoanalytical investigations in air show that the complex is stable up to 135 °C, and the following decomposition processes yield CuO.
Child and family experiences with inborn errors of metabolism: a qualitative interview study with representatives of patient groups
Authors: Khangura Sara D. , Tingley Kylie , Chakraborty Pranesh , Coyle Doug , Kronick Jonathan B. , Laberge Anne‐Marie , Little Julian , Miller Fiona A , Mitchell John J. , Prasad Chitra , Siddiq Shabnaz , Siriwardena Komudi , Sparkes Rebecca , Speechley Kathy N. , Stockler Sylvia , Trakadis Yannis , Wilson Brenda J. , Wilson Kumanan , Potter Beth K. ,   on behalf of the Canadian Inherited Metabolic Diseases Research Network (CIMDRN)
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackgroundPatient‐centered health care for children with inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) and their families is important and requires an understanding of patient experiences, needs, and priorities. IEM‐specific patient groups have emerged as important voices within these rare disease communities and are uniquely positioned to contribute to this understanding. We conducted qualitative interviews with IEM patient group representatives to increase understanding of patient and family experiences, needs, and priorities and inform patient‐centered research and care.MethodsWe developed a sampling frame of patient groups representing IEM disease communities from Canada, the United States, and United Kingdom. With consent, we interviewed participants to explore their views on experiences, needs, and outcomes that are most important to children with IEM and their families. We analyzed the data using a qualitative descriptive approach to identify key themes and sub‐themes.ResultsWe interviewed 18 organizational representatives between February 28 and September 17, 2014, representing 16 IEMs and/or disease categories. Twelve participants voluntarily self‐identified as parents and/or were themselves patients. Three key themes emerged from the coded data: managing the uncertainty associated with raising and caring for a child with a rare disease; challenges associated with the affected child's life transitions, and; the collective struggle for improved outcomes and interventions that rare disease communities navigate.ConclusionHealth care providers can support children with IEM and their families by acknowledging and reducing uncertainty, supporting families through children's life transitions, and contributing to rare disease communities’ progress toward improved interventions, experiences, and outcomes.
Normative Versus Baseline Paradigms for Detecting Neuropsychological Impairment Following Sports-Related Concussion
Authors: Hinton-Bayre Anton Dominic 
Published: July 2015

Objective: Obtaining baseline neuropsychological (NP) data to assist management of sports-related concussion has been considered the standard of care. The validity of this approach has been questioned, with suggestions that post-concussion testing alone will suffice. The present study compared the sensitivity of baseline and normative paradigms in the setting of sports-related concussion.Method: Baseline NP data were collected for 194 Australian rugby league athletes on a brief battery of paper-and-pencil NP tests. During competition, 27 athletes sustaining concussion referred from a sports physician were retested within two days of injury. Twenty-six uninjured controls were assessed at similar intervals. The baseline paradigm was assessed using a reliable change index for pre- and post-concussion scores. The normative paradigm was assessed comparing the post-concussion score to a normative mean.Results: The baseline paradigm was consistently more sensitive to negative change following concussion than the normative paradigm when using continuous data, despite reasonable agreement. However, when data were categorised as ‘impaired’ or ‘not-impaired’, using either 68% or 90% confidence intervals, the difference between paradigms failed to reach significance. Comparison of ROC curves for both paradigms found superior overall classification for one test and the composite score using baseline comparison data.Conclusions: Despite being a time and resource intensive process, the baseline paradigm as a repeated-measures design may be more sensitive than the between-subjects design of the normative paradigm for detecting changes following concussion. Further work is required to determine the validity of normative assessment in sports-related concussion.
Troponin elevation after black widow spider envenomation
Authors: Bush Sean P. , Davy J. Veeran 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBlack widow spider envenomation generally results in self-limiting pain that can be treated in the emergency department (ED) with analgesics and benzodiazepines, usually with no further intervention. Occasionally, a patient has to be admitted or treated with antivenom for refractory pain or a venom-induced complication. We present the case of an 84-year-old man who presented to our ED with chest pain and dyspnea after being bitten on the foot by a western black widow spider (Lactrodectus hesperus). His initial cardiac troponin I (cTnI) was elevated at 0.07 ng/ml and continued to rise to a peak of 0.17 ng/ml. He also had rhabdomyolysis, another uncommon complication of black widow envenomation. An elevated cTnI generally signifies myocardial injury and is rarely seen after black widow envenomation. We discuss the possible etiologies for an elevated cardiac biomarker, in this context, and review potentially serious complications of widow spider envenomation presenting with chest symptoms and an elevated cardiac biomarker.