bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tactical and strategic choices in business models: evidence from a Danish fashion outlet
Authors: Haubro Anders P. , Lomholt Henrik A. , Lueg Rainer , Nielsen Sverre V. , Knudsen Ulrik 
Published: August 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explain how tactical choices create value within a business model of a small company in the fashion outlet industry.Design/methodology/approach– The generic two-staged competitive process framework from Casadesus-Masanell is used to analyze the fashion retailer MyFashionOutlet.Findings– This paper argues that tactical choices made within a business model have a positive effect on the revenue of this company.Originality/value– As to practice, the findings provide better insights into the levers of change within a constant business model. For academics, the authors provide guidelines for applying the framework to future research and identify potential limitations of the use.
Regional entrepreneurship and the evolution of public policy and governance
Authors: Huggins Robert , Morgan Brian , Williams Nick 
Published: August 2015

Purpose– Entrepreneurship is increasingly recognised as a crucial element in fostering economic development and growth, especially at the regional level. The purpose of this paper is to examine the evolution of regional enterprise policies and associated governance mechanisms in the UK to address the following questions: How are evolving systems of regional governance in the UK impacting on the capability of regional policy to foster entrepreneurship? To what extent does enterprise policy form a key part of the overall economic development strategy of regions? and are different forms of regional enterprise policy and priorities emerging?Design/methodology/approach– The study draws on a series of key interviews with policy makers across the regions of Wales, Scotland and England (using the case study of the Yorkshire and the Humber region). The approach adopted in this study facilitates an exploration of the perspectives of those responsible for the formulation and delivery of such support. The paper seeks to ascertain and analyse policy maker opinion on the nature of previous policy, as well as future requirements if policies are to become more effective. It focuses on the period from 1997, with the election of the Labour Government, and the period from 2010 to 2015 represented by the Conservative-Liberal Democratic Coalition Government.Findings– The paper finds that regional entrepreneurship differentials emerge due to the spatial and place-based nature of three underlying factors: first, the nature of markets; second, the nature of innovation systems; and third, the nature of place-based cultures, communities and the institutions they establish. In the regions studied, failings and limitations in these factors suggest two potential requirements: first, the introduction of public policy in the form of a range of interventions and support mechanisms, second, the introduction of a system of policy governance to establish appropriate interventions and support mechanisms. In the case study regions, clear attempts have been made to address each of the three limiting factors through a range of policy and governance systems, but due to a complex range of issues these have often achieved limited success.Originality/value– From an intellectual perspective, the paper positively points toward the establishment of governance and policy frameworks that have been both led and informed by the theory underpinning an explanation of regional differentials in entrepreneurial capacity and capability. However, from a more applied perspective it questions the effectiveness and strategic implementation of the policy frameworks and the sustainability of the associated governance mechanisms.
A review of “Devenir Soi” by Jacques Attali: through the lenses of liberalism and Buddhism
Authors: Pilkington Marc 
Published: August 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to reinterpret Attali’s worldview through the lenses of liberalism and Buddhism by mobilizing the relevant literature, beyond the mere book review. This paper is an essay based on the book “Devenir Soi” by Jacques Attali, published in France in 2014. These analytical grids were chosen, because freedom and self-realization are two themes that pervade the book.

Design/methodology/approach
– After presenting the book structure, the objective and the methodological approach, we uncover Attali’s interrogation, namely how to free oneself from the omnipresence of evil, the withering away of the State and growing xenophobic populist self-entitlement. We make explicit Attali’s liberalism and plea for freedom, and we present a critical discussion of his method, based on the idea of selfness essentialism and a novel comparison with Buddhism. Finally, we assess the overall success of Attali’s intellectual endeavor.

Findings
– Attali’s thesis is generally consistent and solid. Nevertheless, a few weaknesses are identified.

Practical implications
– Anybody willing to read Attali’s book as a self-development book will gain some valid insights with this paper.

Social implications
– Attali’s book is largely centered on the individual. Yet, through the lenses of liberalism and Buddhism, a new vision of society is put forward.

Originality/value
– Attali enjoys an international reputation as an intellectual, economist and essayist. Devenir Soi has not yet been translated in English. More than a mere translation, the present paper will bring his ideas to the fore in the English-speaking world.
CARD14 gene polymorphism c.C2458T (p.Arg820Trp) is associated with clinical features of psoriasis vulgaris in a Chinese cohort
Authors: Feng Chunsheng , Wang Tingting , Li Shi‐Jie , Fan Yi‐Ming , Shi Ge , Zhu Kun‐Ju 
Published: August 2015

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies have found the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) c.C2458T, at the caspase recruitment domain family member 14 (CARD14) gene, to be associated with psoriasis. But little is known about the association of c.C2458T and clinical features of psoriasis vulgaris (PsV) in a Chinese cohort. This study was undertaken to further explore the relationship between c.C2458T and risk of psoriasis in southern Chinese subjects and to evaluate the SNP effect on the clinical features of psoriasis. A case–control study was performed involving 345 PsV patients and 206 controls. The variant of c.C2458T was typed using a SNaPshot assay. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 13.0 software. In analysis of the basic situation of the sample, no difference was observed between cases and controls for age and sex. In the frequency distribution of genotypes and alleles in patients and controls, we found no association between the SNP and the risk of PsV. We performed a stratified analysis according to the age of onset, family history and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) subphenotypes. We found that the CC genotype was associated significantly with an increased familial history of PsV. The main finding of our study was that the CC genotype was more common in familial cases than in sporadic cases. However, there were no significant differences found in other subphenotypes of age of onset or PASI between patients positive and those negative for a particular phenotype. In conclusion, the SNP c.C2458T may have significant effects on heritability of PsV in our Chinese population.
Variably lytic infection dynamics of large Bacteroidetes podovirus phi38:1 against two Cellulophaga baltica host strains
Authors: Dang Vinh T. , Howard‐Varona Cristina , Schwenck Sarah , Sullivan Matthew B. 
Published: August 2015

SummaryBacterial viruses (phages) influence global biogeochemical cycles by modulating bacterial mortality, metabolic output and evolution. However, our understanding of phage infections is limited by few methods and environmentally relevant model systems. Prior work showed that Cellulophaga baltica phage ϕ38:1 infects its original host lytically, and an alternative host either delayed lytically or lysogenically. Here we investigate these infections through traditional and marker‐based approaches, and introduce geneELISA for high‐throughput examination of phage–host interactions. All methods confirmed the lytic, original host infection (70–80 min latent period; approximately eight phages produced per cell), but alternative host assays were more challenging. A 4.5 h experiment detected no phage production by plaque assay, whereas phageFISH and geneELISA revealed phage genome replication and a latent period ≥ 150 min. Longer experiments (26 h) suggested an 11 h latent period and a burst size of 871 by plaque assay, whereas phageFISH identified cell lysis starting at < 5 h and lasting to 11 h, but for only 7% to 21.5% of infected cells, respectively, and with ∼ 39 phages produced per cell. These findings help resolve the nature of the alternative host infection as delayed lytic and offer solutions to methodological challenges for studying inefficient phage–host interactions.
Reforming Access: Trends in Medicaid Enrollment for New Medicare Beneficiaries, 2008–2011
Authors: Keohane Laura M. , Rahman Momotazur , Mor Vincent 
Published: August 2015

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether aligning the Part D low‐income subsidy and Medicaid program enrollment pathways in 2010 increased Medicaid participation among new Medicare beneficiaries.Data SourcesMedicare enrollment records for years 2007–2011.Study DesignWe used a multinomial logistic model with state fixed effects to examine the annual change in limited and full Medicaid enrollment among new Medicare beneficiaries for 2 years before and after the reforms (2008–2011).Data Extraction MethodsWe identified new Medicare beneficiaries in the years 2008–2011 and their participation in Medicaid based on Medicare enrollment records.Principal FindingsThe percentage of beneficiaries enrolling in limited Medicaid at the start of Medicare coverage increased in 2010 by 0.3 percentage points for individuals aging into Medicare and by 1.3 percentage points for those qualifying due to disability (p < .001). There was no significant difference in the size of enrollment increases between states with and without concurrent limited Medicaid eligibility expansions.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that streamlining financial assistance programs may improve Medicare beneficiaries’ access to benefits.
A Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid‐based Method for Complete Recovery of DNA from Bone
Authors: Huynen Leon , Lambert David M. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe successful extraction of DNA from historical or ancient animal bone is important for the analysis of discriminating genetic markers. Methods used currently rely on the digestion of bone with EDTA and proteinase K, followed by purification with phenol/chloroform and silica bed binding. We have developed a simple concentrated hydrochloric acid‐based method that precludes the use of phenol/chloroform purification and can lead to a several‐fold increase in DNA yield when compared to other commonly used methods. Concentrated hydrochloric acid was shown to dissolve most of the undigested bone and allowed the efficient recovery of DNA fragments <100 bases in length. This method should prove useful for the recovery of DNAs from highly degraded animal bone, such as that found in historical or ancient samples.
Fatal Penetrating Injuries Sustained by High‐pressure Water Jet Unit
Authors: Radojevic Nemanja , Radnic Bojana , Curovic Ivana 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe high‐pressure water jet unit is a generator of frequent burst of water jets. The water jet reaches very high speeds and is able to cause wounds similar to those of high‐velocity projectiles. In the presented case, unusual fatal injuries sustained by water jet are presented. Operating with the unit, an untrained worker accidentally activated a high‐pressure water jet unit, and the extremely high pressure of water liberated the jet unit from his hand and whirled it around him. A jet stream of water ran across his body and caused fatal penetrating injuries in the femoral region. The edges of the wound were mainly sharp with contusion rings on the skin beyond the edges. Exploring the inside of the canals during the autopsy, the left femoral artery and vein were found to be completely transected. The resemblance to a firearm entry wound and the severity of the internal injury make it a noteworthy entity.
Objective Analysis of Impressed Chisel Toolmarks
Authors: Spotts Ryan , Chumbley L. Scott 
Published: August 2015

AbstractHistorical and recent challenges to the practice of comparative forensic examination have created a driving force for the formation of objective methods for toolmark identification. In this study, fifty sequentially manufactured chisels were used to create impression toolmarks in lead (500 toolmarks total). An algorithm previously used to statistically separate known matching and nonmatching striated screwdriver marks and quasi‐striated plier marks was used to evaluate the chisel marks. Impression toolmarks, a more complex form of toolmark, pose a more difficult test for the algorithm that was originally designed for striated toolmarks. Results show in this instance that the algorithm can separate matching and nonmatching impression marks, providing further validation of the assumption that toolmarks are identifiably unique.
Bolt Cutter Blade's Imprint in Toolmarks Examination
Authors: Volkov Nikolai , Finkelstein Nir , Novoselsky Yehuda , Tsach Tsadok 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBolt cutters are known as cutting tools which are used for cutting hard objects and materials, such as padlocks and bars. Bolt cutter blades leave their imprint on the cut objects. When receiving a cut object from a crime scene, forensic toolmarks examiners can determine whether the suspected cutting tool was used in a specific crime or not based on class characteristic marks and individual marks that the bolt cutter blades leave on the cut object. The paper presents preliminary results of a study on ten bolt cutters and suggests a quick preliminary examination—the comparison between the blade thickness and the width of the imprint left by the tool on the cut object. Based on the comparison result, if there is not a match, the examiner can eliminate the feasibility of the use of the suspected cutting tool in a specific crime. This examination simplifies and accelerates the comparison procedure.
Suicidal Smothering by Rubber Latex Gloves and Handkerchief
Authors: Viero Alessia , Cecchetto Giovanni , Boscolo‐Berto Rafael , Viel Guido , Montisci Massimo 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAsphyxial deaths are common in forensic practice, being sustained by a variety of mechanisms that cause an oxygen deficiency to the brain. Several classification models have been proposed in the literature, the most recent one being that of the International Network for Forensic Research Group (INFOR). This report describes an unusual case of suffocation where the obstruction of the airways was caused by a gag formed of three latex gloves and a handkerchief. The manner of death (differential diagnosis between homicide and suicide) and the different alternatives of classification are discussed.
Latent Fingerprint Development on Thermal Paper Using Traditional Ninhydrin and 1,2‐indanedione
Authors: Chen Chun‐Chieh , Yu Yung‐Chien , Lee Henry C. , Giang Yun‐Seng , Wang Sheng‐Meng 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThermal paper poses a significant challenge to latent print development as it tends to change color when traditional fingerprint development formulations are applied to it. In this study, the optimal components of ninhydrin, 1,2‐indanedione, 1,8‐diazafluoren‐9‐one (DFO), and 5‐methylthioninhydrin (5‐MTN) for yielding clear fingerprints on thermal paper were determined by systematically adjusting the relative amounts of the reagents, polar solvents, and the nonpolar diluent petroleum ether, followed by validation on text‐printed thermal paper. Specifically, 3.0% ethyl acetate as the polar solvent in petroleum ether was found to be the optimal combination; the optimal dilution ratios of ninhydrin, DFO, and 5‐MTN original solutions with petroleum ether were 1 to 2, 11, and 7, respectively. The optimal concentration of 1,2‐indanedione in petroleum ether was 0.125 g/L, with a string of 0.5% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether.
Different positions of males approaching towards females and male choices between webs with and without stabilimentum in a sexually cannibalistic orb‐web spider,Argiope bruennichi
Authors: Jin Woo Young , Kim Kil Won 
Published: August 2015

AbstractMales of the orb‐weaving spider speciesArgiope bruennichi(Araneidae) are frequently victims of sexual cannibalism. Therefore, a male spider approaching a female should have strategies to avoid being killed before copulation. Our present field study detected six types ofA. bruennichimale positions vis‐à‐vis the female web. In 78% of situations (39/50), only one male attached to a female. Two males attached to the same female in 11 cases. We observed no cases of three or more males on the same female web. We most commonly observed the situation of a male staying in its own web and connecting to a female's web with its silk thread (46% of cases). Of the female webs chosen by males, 68% were decorated with both an upper and lower portion of stabilimentum – a conspicuous white silk structure that reflects much more ultraviolet light than other spider silks in the web. Only 14% (7/50) of the selected webs lacked stabilimentum. Therefore, we conducted an experiment to investigate the males' choice between females' webs with and without stabilimentum. Of the 24 males used in the experiment, 10 chose webs with stabilimentum. This result did not show a strong preference of the male for stabilimentum between equally sized webs, and thus did not support an earlier suggestion that stabilimentum inA. bruennichimight function to guide males to females for mating.
First clinical implementation of audiovisual biofeedback in liver cancer stereotactic body radiation therapy
Authors: Pollock Sean , Tse Regina , Martin Darren , McLean Lisa , Cho Gwi , Hill Robin , Pickard Sheila , Aston Paul , Huang Chen‐Yu , Makhija Kuldeep , O'Brien Ricky , Keall Paul 
Published: August 2015

SummaryThis case report details a clinical trial's first recruited liver cancer patient who underwent a course of stereotactic body radiation therapy treatment utilising audiovisual biofeedback breathing guidance. Breathing motion results for both abdominal wall motion and tumour motion are included. Patient 1 demonstrated improved breathing motion regularity with audiovisual biofeedback. A training effect was also observed.
Establishment of a decision tree model for diagnosis of early rheumatoid arthritis by proteomic fingerprinting
Authors: Li Yuhui , Sun Xiaolin , Zhang Xuewu , Liu Yanying , Yang Yuqin , Li Ru , Liu Xu , Jia Rulin , Li Zhanguo 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAimThe objective of this study was to identify proteomic biomarkers specific for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS) in combination with weak cationic exchange (WCX) magnetic beads.MethodsSerum samples from 50 patients with RA and 110 disease controls (50 SLE and 60 SS) and 51 healthy individuals were analyzed. The samples were randomly divided into a training set or test set to develop a diagnostic model for RA.ResultsA total of 83 protein peaks were identified to be related with RA, in which four of the peaks with mass‐charge ratio (m/z) at 8133.85, 5844.60, 13 541.3 and 14 029.0 were selected to establish a model for diagnosis of RA. This classification model could separate patients with RA from diseased and healthy controls with sensitivity of 84.0% and specificity of 92.5%, and its accuracy was confirmed in the blind testing set with high sensitivity and specificity of 80.0% and 93.3%, respectively.ConclusionsThis study suggested that potential serum biomarkers for RA diagnosis could be discovered by MALDI‐TOF‐MS. The classification tree model set up in this study might be used as a novel diagnostic tool for RA.
Infection susceptibility and immune senescence with advancing age replicated in accelerated aging LmnaDhe mice
Authors: Xin Lijun , Jiang Tony T. , Kinder Jeremy M. , Ertelt James M. , Way Sing Sing 
Published: August 2015

SummaryAging confers increased susceptibility to common pathogens including influenza A virus. Despite shared vulnerability to infection with advancing age in humans and rodents, the relatively long time required for immune senescence to take hold practically restricts the use of naturally aged mice to investigate aging‐induced immunological shifts. Here, we show accelerated aging LmnaDhe mice with spontaneous mutation in the nuclear scaffolding protein, lamin A, replicate infection susceptibility, and substantial immune cell shifts that occur with advancing age. Naturally aged (≥20 month) and 2‐ to 3‐month‐old LmnaDhe mice share near identically increased influenza A susceptibility compared with age‐matched LmnaWT control mice. Increased mortality and higher viral burden after influenza infection in LmnaDhe mice parallel reduced accumulation of lung alveolar macrophage cells, systemic expansion of immune suppressive Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, and skewed immune dominance among viral‐specific CD8+ T cells similar to the immunological phenotype of naturally aged mice. Thus, aging‐induced infection susceptibility and immune senescence are replicated in accelerated aging LmnaDhe mice.
Recommendations for the Design and Analysis of Treatment Trials for Alcohol Use Disorders
Authors: Witkiewitz Katie , Finney John W. , Harris Alex H.S. , Kivlahan Daniel R. , Kranzler Henry R. 
Published: August 2015

BackgroundOver the past 60 years, the view that “alcoholism” is a disease for which the only acceptable goal of treatment is abstinence has given way to the recognition that alcohol use disorders (AUDs) occur on a continuum of severity, for which a variety of treatment options are appropriate. However, because the available treatments forAUDs are not effective for everyone, more research is needed to develop novel and more efficacious treatments to address the range ofAUDseverity in diverse populations. Here we offer recommendations for the design and analysis of alcohol treatment trials, with a specific focus on the careful conduct of randomized clinical trials of medications and nonpharmacological interventions forAUDs.MethodsThis paper provides a narrative review of the quality of published clinical trials and recommendations for the optimal design and analysis of treatment trials forAUDs.ResultsDespite considerable improvements in the design of alcohol clinical trials over the past 2 decades, many studies ofAUDtreatments have used faulty design features and statistical methods that are known to produce biased estimates of treatment efficacy.ConclusionsThe published statistical and methodological literatures provide clear guidance on methods to improve clinical trial design and analysis. Consistent use of state‐of‐the‐art design features and analytic approaches will enhance the internal and external validity of treatment trials forAUDs across the spectrum of severity. The ultimate result of this attention to methodological rigor is that better treatment options will be identified for patients with anAUD.