bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The guilt experiences of post-caregivers bereaved by cancer: a scoping review
Authors: Reis Hugo , Marques Marina , Deodato Sérgio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
According to preliminary research, little is known about the experiences of post-caregivers. In order to study this specific area of knowledge, it is necessary to identify the various phenomena inherent to the bereavement experience. One of these phenomena, repeatedly described in the narratives of this population, concerns the experience of guilt. The purpose of this study is to map the guilt experiences of post-caregivers bereaved by cancer. In addition, this study aims to map the motives, characteristics, predisposing factors and consequences of guilt. Considerations on how to overcome feelings of guilt will also be considered.
Methods
Review of the literature following the Scoping Review protocol of the Joanna Briggs Institute. The research included published and unpublished studies and it was performed in Portuguese and English at CINAHL Complete (by EBSCOHost), MEDLINE Complete (by EBSCOHost), Nursing and Allied Health Collection: Comprehensive (by EBSCOHost), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (by EBSCOHost), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (by EBSCOHost), Cochrane Methodology Register (by EBSCOHost), Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts (by EBSCOHost), Mediclatina (by EBSCOHost) Cochrane Clinical Answers(by EBSCOHost); PubMed (NLM); SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online and PROSPERO- International prospective register of systematic reviews and RCAAP - Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal. The search was conducted by title and abstract. All studies in Portuguese, Spanish and English were considered. No time limits were applied. 4 studies were selected as eligible.
Results
It was possible to identify 9 experiences of guilt, 13 motives that trigger it, 9 characteristics about the phenomenon, 7 predisposing factors, 4 possible consequences of its experience, and 4 considerations on how to overcome it.
Conclusions
It was possible to extract data and answer the predefined questions. However, the lack of a specific article on the present topic confirms that this is an area of knowledge to be explored. Conducting future phenomenological studies based on the experiences of guilt of post-caregivers bereaved by cancer is needed to develop new knowledge in this specific area of research.
Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria rather than arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi drive maize/faba bean intercropping advantages
Authors: Liu Yalin , Ma Chenyu , Lakshmanan Prakash , Wang Guangzhou , Li Chunjie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Cereal/legume intercropping can enhance phosphorus (P) uptake compared with monocultures. However, the mechanisms through which arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) contribute to the advantages in biomass and P uptake by cereal/legume intercropping remain elusive.
Methods
We first analyzed P cycling-related soil microbiome and the associated genes in a long-term low P (LP) and high P (HP) input field experiment. Then we conducted two mesocosm experiments by establishing with two root compartments with the planting patterns of maize monoculture and maize/faba bean intercropping. One compartment of monocultured maize and intercropped faba bean was inoculated with AMF (donor), and the suspensions of LP or HP soils or water was added to the other compartment (receiver) in experiment I to test the legacy effect of soil microbiome conditioned by different field P fertilization, and the following experiment was to detect the effect of specific organic or inorganic PSB on intercropping interactions and advantages.
Main results
The abundance and structure of total P cycling-related microbe and genes were comparable between LP and HP soils. The addition of bacterial suspensions significantly enhanced shoot biomass but not P content of receiver maize regardless of the AMF presence or not. Single inorganic PSB and the mixed inorganic and organic PSB increased the shoot biomass and P content of receiver maize than single organic PSB regardless of monocultured or intercropped receiver maize. However, only the mixed inorganic and organic PSB established intercropping advantages in shoot biomass and P content of receiver maize.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the hyphae from faba bean stimulate the cooperation between organic and inorganic PSB to improve the growth and P content of maize in maize/faba bean mixture. Our study emphasized that maintaining the diversity of AMF and PSB communities in soil is important for the overyielding and P uptake by intercropping.
A Comprehensive Methodology for CNN Based Fault Identification in Induction Motors – A Case Study for EV’s
Authors: Ahmad Sohail , Qi Jie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This paper introduces an advanced methodology employing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for fault detection in induction motors, with a special focus on electric vehicles (EVs). Induction motors are critical to the operational efficiency of EVs, where their performance directly affects vehicle safety, reliability, and range. Traditional fault detection methods often fail to keep pace with the demands of real-time diagnostics in the increasingly competitive EV market. To address this, this paper proposes a novel CNN-based fault detection system that leverages machine learning to perform non-invasive fault analysis through comprehensive feature extraction and classification from motor signal data. The model uses a combination of spatial and temporal data, processed through a hybrid architecture integrating CNNs with Temporal Convolutional Networks (TCNs) for enhanced fault identification accuracy. The testing and analysis of the model was performed on datasets generated from various EV models under different fault conditions, achieving an average accuracy of 92% in detecting and classifying motor faults, significantly outperforming traditional methods. The results highlight the effectiveness of the approach in early fault detection and its potential in reducing maintenance costs and downtime. This study not only contributes to the robust diagnostics of EV induction motors but also aligns with the broader objectives of Industry 4.0 by enhancing the integration of smart technologies in automotive diagnostics.
Adiposity modifies the association between heart failure risk and glucose metabolic disorder in older individuals: A community-based prospective cohort study
Authors: Hou Liming , Wang Xin , Li Peilin , Zhang Hua , Yao Yanli , Liu Zhendong , Wang Juan , Liu Weike 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Glucose metabolic disorder is associated with the risk of heart failure (HF). Adiposity is a comorbidity that is inextricably linked with abnormal glucose metabolism in older individuals. However, the effect of adiposity on the association between glucose metabolic disorder and HF risk, and the underlying mechanism remain unclear.
Methods: A total of 13,251 participants aged ≥60 years from a cohort study were categorized into euglycemia, prediabetes, uncontrolled diabetes, and well-controlled diabetes. Adiposity was assessed using body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and visceral fat area (VFA). Adiposity-associated metabolic activities were evaluated using adiponectin-to-leptin ratio (ALR), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and triglyceride-glucose index (TyG). The first occurrence of HF served as the outcome during the follow-up period.
Results: A total of 1,138 participants developed HF over the course of an average follow-up period of 10.9 years. The rate of incident HF occurrence was higher in prediabetes, uncontrolled diabetes, and well-controlled diabetes participants compared to that in euglycemia participants. However, the high rates were significantly attenuated by BMI, VFA, and WHR. For WHR in particular, the hazard ratio for incident HF was 1.14 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99, 1.31, Padj.=0.056) in prediabetes, 1.59 (95% CI: 1.34, 1.90, Padj.<0.001) in uncontrolled diabetes, and 1.06 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.14, Padj.=0.076) in well-controlled diabetes. The population attributable risk percentage for central obesity classified by WHR for incident HF was 30.3% in euglycemia, 50.0% in prediabetes, 48.5% in uncontrolled diabetes, and 54.4% in well-controlled diabetes. Adiposity measures, especially WHR, showed a significant interaction with glucose metabolic disorder in incident HF (all Padj.<0.001). ALR was negatively associated and HOMA-IR and TyG were positively associated with BMI, WHR, VFA, and incident HF (all Padj.<0.05). ALR, HOMA-IR, and TyG mediated the associations for WHR and VFA with incident HF (all Padj.<0.05).
Conclusions: Adiposity attenuated the association of glucose metabolic disorder with incident HF. The results also showed that WHR may be an appropriate indicator for evaluating adiposity in older individuals. Adiposity-associated metabolic activities may have a bridging role in the process of adiposity attenuating the association between glucose metabolic disorder and incident HF.
Trial registration: retrospectively registered number: ChiCTR-EOC-17013598
Unraveling the interplay of temperature, plant genotype, and plant-growth-promoting bacteria inoculation on cowpea nodulation with native soil bradyrhizobia
Authors: Oliveira Crislaine Soares , Barros Juliane Rafaele Alves , Silva Viviane Siqueira Lima , Ribeiro Paula Rose de Almeida , Angelotti Francislene , Fernandes-Júnior Paulo Ivan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Climatic changes are impacting crop production worldwide. Among changes that will occur in future climatic scenarios, increasing temperatures by 4.8º C by the end of this century would be one of the most impactful situations for plants and their interaction with ecological partners. This study aimed to assess the impact of different temperatures and plant-growth-promoting bacteria inoculants on cowpea growth and the diversity of rhizobia associated with its root nodules.
Methods
Two cowpea genotypes were assessed at lower (min = 20º C and max = 33 ºC) and higher temperature regimes (min = 24.8º C and max = 37.8 ºC). Plants also were inoculated or not with Bacillus sp. ESA 402, a plant growth-promoting bacterium. The plants were assessed in terms of plant growth and the associated molecular diversity of bradyrhizobia.
Results
Higher temperatures reduced BRS Itaim nodulation. Two-hundred-thirty bradyrhizobial-like strains were obtained, and 186 were positive for amplifying nifH and nodC genes. Box-PCR genotyping clustered the collection into 47 groups. The higher temperatures reduced the number of the groups, but this negative influence was canceled by ESA 204 inoculation. Alpha-diversity metrics showed little influence on the experimental interactions however, this influence was evident for all factors and triple interaction when beta diversity was assessed. recA gene sequencing identified all strains as Bradyrhizobium spp. massively within the B. japonicum supercluster.
Conclusions
The diversity of the cowpea-Bradyrhizobium association is multifactorial under different temperature regimes, as is the presence/absence of Bacillus sp. ESA 402 as a plant-growth-promoting bacteria.
Merlin: A Vision Language Foundation Model for 3D Computed Tomography
Authors: Blankemeier Louis , Cohen Joseph Paul , Kumar Ashwin , Veen Dave Van , Gardezi Syed , Paschali Magda , Chen Zhihong , Delbrouck Jean-Benoit , Reis Eduardo , Truyts Cesar , Bluethgen Christian , Jensen Malte , Ostmeier Sophie , Varma Maya , Valanarasu Jeya , Fang Zhongnan , Huo Zepeng , Nabulsi Zaid , Ardila Diego , Weng Wei-Hung , Junior Edson Amaro , Ahuja Neera , Fries Jason , Shah Nigam , Johnston Andrew , Boutin Robert , Wentland Andrew , Langlotz Curtis , Hom Jason , Gatidis Sergios , Chaudhari Akshay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Over 85 million computed tomography (CT) scans are performed annually in the US, of which approximately one quarter focus on the abdomen. Given the current shortage of both general and specialized radiologists, there is a large impetus to use artificial intelligence to alleviate the burden of interpreting these complex imaging studies while simultaneously using the images to extract novel physiological insights. Prior state-of-the-art approaches for automated medical image interpretation leverage vision language models (VLMs) that utilize both the image and the corresponding textual radiology reports. However, current medical VLMs are generally limited to 2D images and short reports. To overcome these shortcomings for abdominal CT interpretation, we introduce Merlin - a 3D VLM that leverages both structured electronic health records (EHR) and unstructured radiology reports for pretraining without requiring additional manual annotations. We train Merlin using a high-quality clinical dataset of paired CT scans (6+ million images from 15,331 CTs), EHR diagnosis codes (1.8+ million codes), and radiology reports (6+ million tokens) for training. We comprehensively evaluate Merlin on 6 task types and 752 individual tasks. The non-adapted (off-the-shelf) tasks include zero-shot findings classification (31 findings), phenotype classification (692 phenotypes), and zero-shot cross-modal retrieval (image to findings and image to impressions), while model adapted tasks include 5-year chronic disease prediction (6 diseases), radiology report generation, and 3D semantic segmentation (20 organs). We perform internal validation on a test set of 5,137 CTs, and external validation on 7,000 clinical CTs and on two public CT datasets (VerSe, TotalSegmentator). Beyond these clinically-relevant evaluations, we assess the efficacy of various network architectures and training strategies to depict that Merlin has favorable performance to existing task-specific baselines. We derive data scaling laws to empirically assess training data needs for requisite downstream task performance. Furthermore, unlike conventional VLMs that require hundreds of GPUs for training, we perform all training on a single GPU. This computationally efficient design can help democratize foundation model training, especially for health systems with compute constraints. We plan to release our trained models, code, and dataset, pending manual removal of all protected health information.
Using neural network interpretability to understand outcomes in women’s 3 x 3 basketball
Authors: Dong Li , Zhang Mingyi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Despite the inclusion of 3x3 basketball in the Olympic Games, research on this topic remains sparse, especially concerning women's 3x3 basketball. This study aimed to understand game outcomes in the FIBA 3x3 women's professional circuit. Data was sourced from the official FIBA 3x3 website, encompassing 15 indicators and 2 contextual variables from 987 matches across four seasons. All games were classified into balanced and unbalanced categories. The Multilayer Perceptron neural network outperformed discriminant analysis in both balanced and unbalanced games, achieving classification accuracy exceeding 85%. To interpret the neural network's predictions, we calculated SHAP values, revealing that one-point field goal made and defensive rebounds were the key performance indicators. In balanced games, free-throw made and ball possession contributed significantly to the classification of winning and losing teams, while team fouls and turnovers were instrumental in distinguishing outcomes in unbalanced games. This study provides valuable insights into game outcomes in women's 3x3 basketball.
Concept-Based and Embedding-Based Models in Lifelog Retrieval: An Empirical Comparison of Performance
Authors: Nguyen Manh-Duy , Nguyen Binh T. , Gurrin Cathal 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Many lifelog retrieval systems have been introduced that apply various approaches to their search engines. The traditional method was to match concepts, which are visual objects detected in images and semantic queries. This concept-based approach has been applied in many retrieval systems, achieving the top performance in lifelog search challenges. Many novel embedding-based cross-modality retrieval models, such as CLIP, BLIP, or HADA, have been developed recently and obtained state-of-the-art (SOTA) results in the image-text retrieval task. These models have recently been applied in several lifelog search challenges. However, there is no comprehensive comparison between them since many benchmarking evaluations contain bias factors such as different user interfaces of participated lifelog retrieval systems. In this paper, we conducted non-biased experiments in both automatic (non-interactive) and interactive configurations to evaluate the performance of many SOTA retrieval models, including the traditional concept-based approach, in the lifelog retrieval task. Furthermore, we retrained the models in a lifelog Q&A dataset to assess whether retraining on a small lifelog dataset could improve the performance. The result showed that embedding-based search engines outperformed the concept-based approach by a large margin in both settings. The finding opens the opportunity to apply the embedding-based models as a new generation of lifelog retrieval models instead of the conventional concept-based approach. The source code will be available soon for reproducibility.
Metagenomic analysis of the epiphytic and endophytic microbiota of plum fruits at different storage temperatures
Authors: Wang Yu-Ru , Zeng Shi-Xian , Leng Jing-Song , Huang Bo-Ying , Chen Hong , Wang Yong , Liu Jia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Fungal decays are one of the primary causes of postharvest losses in fruit, whose onset and development are partially determined by the interactions that occur between the fruit and its resident microbiota. Harvested plums are susceptible to decay pathogens but limited research has been conducted on the microbiota of plums in storage. Therefore, in the present study the composition, diversity, and potential function of the epiphytic and endophytic microbiota of plums during storage at 25 °C and 0 °C was investigated using metagenomic sequencing.
Results: Our study indicated that the diversity of the endophytic microbial community remains relatively stable in storage, while the epiphytic community undergoes a notable decline in diversity. Additionally, known pathogens, such as Lasiodiplodia, Diaporthe, Botryosphaeria, Macrophomina, Fusarium, Pseudomonas, and Pantoea, were enriched in decaying fruit, while the reported biocontrol microorganisms Pseudoalteromonas and Aureobasidium were enriched in healthy fruit stored at 25 °C. A negative association was observed between potential biocontrol species and known pathogens within the microbial community network. Notably, decay promoting Filobasidium was specifically found in decayed plums stored at 0 °C, while the beneficial microbes Novosphingobium and Bradyrhizobium were specifically found in healthy fruit. The metagenomic analysis also revealed the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in both endophytic and epiphytic microbial communities in plum, and were primarily associated with members of the phylum Pseudomonadota as determined by host tracking analysis.
Conclusions: Findings of the study provide insight on the community dynamics that occur in the endophytic and epiphytic microbiome in plums during storage at different temperatures (25 °C and 0 °C) which can be used to develop a comprehensive strategy for the management of postharvest diseases in plum and potentially other stone fruit crops (peaches, apricots, and cherries).
Evaluation and Comparison of Four Types of Bio-Ceramic Materials AGM MTA, Ortho MTA, Pro root MTA and Cem cement in Oral and Dental Health
Authors: yalin Fatemeh Asadi , Tabibi Maryam , Majidi Alireza , kabiri faezeh , Rasouli Alireza , jafari Gholamali 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Trioxide mineral mixture (MTA) is one of the main retrograde filling materials that is used today as a root end filling material and perforation repair material. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the antibacterial and antifungal properties of four types of bio-ceramic materials, AGM MTA, Ortho MTA, Pro root MTA and Cem cement for oral and dental health.
Methods: In this study, the antibacterial activity of four types of bio-ceramic materials against two bacterial strains of Enterococcus faecalis(ATTC 29212), Escherichia coli (ATTC 35318) and antifungal activity against Candida albicans (ATTC 10231) were investigated using the well diffusion method.
Results: In the context of the relationship between the type of microorganism and the diameter of the growth inhibitory zone for each type of bio-ceramic material, there was no significant difference for Enterococcus faecalis, and a significant difference was observed for Escherichia coli and Candida albicans.
Conclusion: The results show that each of the bio-ceramic materials AGM, Pro root, Cem cement and Ortho have antibacterial and antifungal properties. AGM MTA bio-ceramic material on Candida albicans fungus and Ortho MTA bio-ceramic material had the most effect on Escherichia colibacteria. Therefore, the mentioned bio-ceramic materials can play a significant role in oral and dental health by providing a suitable material for restoration.
Microfacies and depositional environments from the Upper Cretaceous of Bourzal Formation (Zab Mounts, Biskra, Eastern Saharan Atlas, Algeria)
Authors: Bougoffa Mohammed Ilyas , Chellat Smaine , Cherif Amine , Benkhedda Abdelhakim 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The new introduced Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) Bourzal Formation is about 235-m thick, made of carbonate, marl, and gypsum alternation, and is cropping in the section of the Zab Mounts (Biskra, eastern Algerian Saharan Atlas). It is subdivided into two informal units: (1) unit A, which is composed of 125 m thin to thick bedded limestone with interbedded marls and gypsum beds. (2) Unit B, consisting of 110 m fossiliferous marl–limestone-dolostone alternations. The field inspections, along with detailed microscopic examination, have led to the identification of eight microscopic standard facies, regrouped in three facies belts: tidal flat, lagoon, and shoal environments. They represent a homoclinal ramp (inner ramp), suggesting also changes in depositional depth.
The diagnostic accuracy of triphasic abdominal CT in detecting esophageal varices
Authors: Lukoo Suzana , Musa Balowa , Salingwa Lilian , Mpemba Gerard , Jusabani Ahmed 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
In Tanzania, triphasic abdominal Computed Tomography (CT) is a more accessible and non-invasive alternative for diagnosing esophageal varices, though its accuracy has not been thoroughly evaluated, therefore this study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of triphasic abdominal CT in detecting esophageal varices using esophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) as the gold standard among patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH).
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted at MNH from January 2021 to May 2023. We sampled upper gastrointestinal bleeding patients who underwent both OGD and triphasic abdominal CT using non-probability consecutive sampling. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), and accuracy of triphasic abdominal CT were assessed against OGD findings.
Results
In a study of 200 participants, esophageal varices were detected in 54% by OGD and 53.5% by CT. We observed 105 true positives, 2 false positives, 90 true negatives, and 3 false negatives. Triphasic abdominal CT demonstrated a sensitivity of 97.2%, specificity of 97.8%, PPV of 98.1%, NPV of 96.8%, and an accuracy of 97.5%. Extraluminal findings included splenic collaterals, ascites, hepatocellular carcinoma, and periportal fibrosis.
Conclusion
Triphasic abdominal CT is a reliable and non-invasive modality for diagnosing and screening esophageal varices in resource-limited settings.