bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Too Well-Travelled’, Not Well-Formed? The Reform of ‘Criminality Information Sharing’ in the UK
Authors: Grace Jamie 
Published: April 2013

The UK Supreme Court will eventually have to pass judgment on the compliance of the legal and policy framework for ‘criminality information sharing’ with the stipulations of Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights, and perhaps in relation to more than one area of practice within public protection work. Parliament should recognise that there is a groundswell of judicial (and academic) opinion which suggests that, if the current legal framework regulating the sharing of information for the purposes of public protection is lawful, even in the face of criticism from the European Court of Human Rights, then an intolerable level of uncertainty as to the issue of that legality has now been reached. This paper addresses the root causes of this legal uncertainty, and argues for statutory reform to revisit even recent tinkering with the law in this area. In an overview of both a body of common law, in the form of a series of key decisions from the courts, as well as the tensions between two tracts of legislation, promoting public protection and human rights values occasionally at odds with one another, this piece examines the crucial issue of the retention of criminality information and the idea of individual (offender) consultation over its use in public protection work.
Humanoide Laufmaschinen
Authors: Buschmann Thomas , Ewald Alexander , Schwienbacher Markus , Favot Valerio , Ulbrich Heinz 
Published: April 2013

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick der Forschung an voll aktuierten, humanoiden Laufmaschinen. Neben einer allgemeinen Einführung wird ein kurzer Abriss der Geschichte humanoider Roboter gegeben. Die bekanntesten Systeme werden nach Forschungszentren gegliedert vorgestellt. Aufbauend auf einer kurzen Einführung zu grundlegenden Aspekten der Dynamik des zweibeinigen Gehens werden die am weitesten verbreiteten Strategien zur Laufregelung dargestellt. Am Ende des Artikels wird auf einige offene Fragestellungen eingegangen.
Crystal structure of 10-bromo-9-phenylanthracene–anthracene-9,10- dione (2:1), (C20H13Br)(C7H4O), C27H17BrO
Authors: Li Hong-Mei , Wang Zhi-Qiang , Xu Chen 
Published: April 2013

Abstract C27H17BrO, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.269(4) Å, b = 9.734(5) Å, c = 11.437(5) Å, α = 105.816(5)°, β = 95.281(6)°, γ = 99.909(5)°, V = 967.5 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0349, wRref(F2) = 0.0834, T = 296 K.
Vascular and Renal Hemodynamic Changes after Renal Denervation
Authors: Ott Christian , Janka Rolf , Schmid Axel , Titze Stephanie , Ditting Tilmann , Sobotka Paul A. , Veelken Roland , Uder Michael , Schmieder Roland E. 
Published: April 2013

Summary

Background and objectives
Renal denervation (RDN) has been shown to be effective in reducing BP in treatment-resistant hypertension. Measurement of the renal and sympathetic activity revealed a decrease in sympathetic drive to the kidney and small resistance vessels after RDN. However, the consequences on renal perfusion and renal vascular resistance (RVR), as well as central hemodynamics, are unknown.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Nineteen patients with treatment-resistant hypertension (office BP≥140/90 mmHg, despite at least three antihypertensive drugs [including a diuretic], and diagnosis confirmed by 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring) underwent RDN between January and October 2011. Renal perfusion and RVR were noninvasively assessed by magnetic resonance imaging with arterial spin labeling, and renal function was assessed by estimating GFR before (day −1), after (day +1), and again after 3 months of RDN. Central hemodynamics was assessed using pulse wave analysis at day −1 and after 6 months of RDN.

Results
Peripheral office BP (systolic, 158±26 versus 142±23 mmHg, P=0.002; diastolic, 83±13 versus 76±9 mmHg, P=0.02) and mean systolic 24-hour ambulatory BP (159±17 versus 152±17 mmHg, P=0.02) were significantly reduced 6 months after RDN. Renal perfusion was not statistically different between day −1 and day +1 (256.8 [interquartile range (IQR), 241–278] versus 263.4 [IQR, 252–277] ml/min per 100 g; P=0.17) as well as after 3 months (256.8 [IQR, 241–278] versus 261.2 [IQR, 240–285] ml/min per 100 g; P=0.27) after RDN. RVR dropped (432.1 [IQR, 359–525] versus 390.6 [IQR, 338–461] AU; P=0.02), whereas renal function was not statistically different at any time point. Central systolic BP (145±31 versus 131±28 mmHg; P=0.009), diastolic BP (85±18 versus 80±14 mmHg; P=0.03), and central pulse pressure (61±18 versus 52±18 mmHg; P=0.02) were significantly reduced 6 months after RDN. Central augmentation index (24±8 versus 20±8%; P=0.02) was decreased 6 months after RDN.

Conclusion
The data indicate that RDN significantly reduced peripheral and central BP. Despite reduced systemic BP, renal perfusion and function did not change after RDN.
Future of Medicare Immunosuppressive Drug Coverage for Kidney Transplant Recipients in the United States
Authors: Tanriover Bekir , Stone Patricia W. , Mohan Sumit , Cohen David J. , Gaston Robert S. 
Published: April 2013

Summary
Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment for patients with ESRD. It improves the quality of life in recipients, increases patient survival, and is also substantially less costly than maintenance dialysis. Long-term transplant success requires immunosuppressant drug therapy for the life of the allograft. Under current law, Medicare coverage for most recipients (except for those recipients over 65 years of age or with nonkidney-related disabilities) lasts only 3 years, leaving many recipients unable to afford these medications. Lack of drug therapy often leads to allograft rejection, resulting in premature graft failure, return to dialysis, or death. This article reviews the current policy for Medicare immunosuppressive drug coverage and analyzes the potential impact of pending legislative proposals H.R. 2969 and S. 1454 and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.
Baptist Hospital and the State of North Carolina: Alleged Malfeasance and Whistleblowing Aftermath
Authors: Taylor Eileen Z. , Guthrie Cynthia P. 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT:
Do you know what choices you would make if faced with an ethical dilemma? This fact-based case includes situations and issues that a real citizen considered when faced with the knowledge that his employer may have been overbilling the state of North Carolina for health care. Professionals, especially those in accounting and finance positions, are likely to face serious dilemmas in the course of their careers. These situations may require them to choose between honoring a confidentiality clause in an employment contract and acting according to ethical and professional values. This case provides facts gathered from an actual case in which an individual faced this particular challenge. By working through the case, students should develop an appreciation of the pressures and personal ethical challenges they are likely to face in the workplace. By engaging in discussion and role-play, students will be more likely to recognize these issues when they occur, and will have already developed critical thinking skills to help them develop a plan of action.
Adrenal apoplexy caused by fulminant sepsis in 20-year-old healthy male?: case report
Authors: Stojanović Ivan , Stojanović Jovan , Zdravković Miodrag , Antović Aleksandra , Milić Miroslav , Todorović Stevan 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Introduction. Bilateral massive adrenal hemorrhage (BMAH) is a rare catastrophic condition that manifests with acute adrenal insufficiency. Death can occur within a few hours or after many days. BMAH in association with fulminant septicemia and sepsis occurring in children and young adults is also known as the Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome. Fulminant sepsis associated with purpura is lethal in 40–70% of patients. Case report. The abrupt onset of fever with sore throat occurred in a 20-year old man. Next day in the early morning, he complained of severe symptoms: generalized weakness, shortness of breath and myalgia. Few hours later petechial rash occur. Within 30 hours from first symptoms he died in hospital. On autopsy, there were macroscopic bilateral areas of adrenal hemorrhage. Autopsy also revealed hemorrhage in almost all organs and tissues. Microbiological blood culture and toxicological finding was negative. Discussion. In our case, very high levels of procalcitonin and D-dimer, with all other clinically and autopsy findings, was directing medical examiners that a main cause of death was fulminant bacterial sepsis. Blood culture did not reveal any bacteria, so the cause of BMAH stays uncovered. The bacteria that most often cause fulminant sepsis connected with BMAH and death within 12–24 hours from first symptoms is N. meningitidis. It is very likely that N. meningitidis caused BMAH in our case, but it will stay in domain of speculation.
The effects of a 6-OHDA induced lesion in murine nuccleus accumbens on memory and oxidative stress status
Authors: Lefter Radu , Ciobica Alin , Hritcu Lucian , Stoica Bogdan , Cojocaru Dumitru , Olteanu Zenovia 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Nucleus accumbens (NAcc) are a collection of neurons that form the main part of the ventral striatum, which is a significant dopaminergic structure. Also, NAcc is thought to play an important role in reward, pleasure, laughter, addiction, aggression, fear, and the placebo effect. In the present work we were interested in studying the effects of a 6-OHDA induced lesion in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), which is known as an important dopaminergic structure, on a specific behavioral task that involves both short term and long term spatial memory (the radial-8-arm-maze task), as well as on the oxidative stress markers (two antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase-SOD and glutathione peroxidase-GPX and a lipid peroxidation marker: malondialdehyde-MDA, as well as the total antioxidant status-TAS) from the temporal lobe, which is considered to be the most vulnerable cortical area to oxygen levels fluctuations and hypoxia. Our results showed some significant effects of this lesion on the reference memory errors and time necessary to finish the test in the radial-8-arm-maze task. Additionally, increased oxidative stress status was demonstrated in the temporal lobe of the lesioned rats, as demonstrated by the high levels of lipid peroxidation and decreased total antioxidant status. Moreover, significant correlations are reported here between the behavioral parameters which we studied in the radial-8-arm-maze task and the aforementioned oxidative stress markers.
Infective endocarditis due to a rare pathogen, Streptococcus constellatus, in a patient with gingivitis: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Yoshino Yusuke , Kimura Yoshitaka , Sakai Takashi , Kanzaki Takeyuki , Seo Kazunori , Koga Ichiro , Kitazawa Takatoshi , Ota Yasuo 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
A 78-year-old Japanese man with a 5-day history of fever (∼38°C) and decreased appetite was admitted to our hospital. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed aortic valve vegetation. Streptococcus constellatus was detected from a blood culture. An antibiotic sensitive to this strain was administered for 6 weeks, and the patient has been well for 6 months without any sign of relapse. A review of all documented cases of infective endocarditis due to S. constellatus revealed nonspecific initial symptoms, especially coughing, and complications of abscess formation and septic embolisation. Clinicians should carefully consider the choice of antibiotic agents in the treatment of infective endocarditis due to S. constellatus, because penicillin-resistant strains have been documented in some cases.
Italian Version of the Physical Therapy Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties
Authors: Vanti Carla , Monticone Marco , Ceron Daniele , Bonetti Francesca , Piccarreta Raffaella , Guccione Andrew A. , Pillastrini Paolo 
Published: April 2013

BackgroundPatient satisfaction is an important measure for evaluating interventions in health care. No patient satisfaction questionnaire for physical therapy treatment has been validated to date for use in an Italian outpatient population.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Italian version of the Physical Therapy Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PTPSQ-I).DesignA measurement study was conducted.MethodsThe PTPSQ-I was developed through forward-backward translation, final review, and pre-final version. An acceptability analysis was first conducted. Reliability was measured by internal consistency (Cronbach α), and a factor analysis was applied to investigate the internal structure. Divergent validity was measured by comparing the PTPSQ-I with a visual analog scale (VAS) and with a 5-point Likert-type scale evaluating the global perceived effect (GPE) for the physical therapy treatment.ResultsThe process for developing the PTPSQ-I required 3 months using data on 315 outpatients. Based on our initial analyses, 5 items were deleted from the PTPSQ-I, which was renamed the PTPSQ-I(15). The PTPSQ-I(15) showed high internal consistency (α=.905). Divergent validity was moderate for the GPE (r=.33) but not significant for the VAS (r=−.07). A factor analysis revealed evidence for a 2-factor structure related to perceived “Overall Experience” and “Professional Impression” that explained 62% of the total variance. A third factor, “Efficiency and Convenience,” brought explained total variance to near 70%.LimitationsIt may be necessary to add items to the PTPSQ-I(15) to assess other dimensions not currently represented by these 15 items.ConclusionThe PTPSQ-I(15) showed good psychometric properties, and its use can be recommended with Italian-speaking outpatient populations.
Effect of Therapeutic Exercise on Pain and Disability in the Management of Chronic Nonspecific Neck Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: Bertozzi Lucia , Gardenghi Ivan , Turoni Francesca , Villafañe Jorge Hugo , Capra Francesco , Guccione Andrew A. , Pillastrini Paolo 
Published: April 2013

BackgroundGiven the prevalence of chronic nonspecific neck pain (CNSNP) internationally, attention has increasingly been paid in recent years to evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic exercise (TE) in the management of this condition.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to conduct a current review of randomized controlled trials concerning the effect of TE on pain and disability among people with CNSNP, perform a meta-analysis, and summarize current understanding.Data SourcesData were obtained from MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases from their inception to August 2012. Reference lists of relevant literature reviews also were tracked.Study SelectionAll published randomized trials without any restriction regarding time of publication or language were considered for inclusion. Study participants had to be symptomatic adults with only CNSNP.Data ExtractionTwo reviewers independently selected the studies, conducted the quality assessment, and extracted the results. Data were pooled in a meta-analysis using a random-effects model.Data SynthesisSeven studies met the inclusion criteria. Therapeutic exercise proved to have medium and significant short-term and intermediate-term effects on pain (g=−0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]=−0.86 to −0.20, and g=−0.45, 95% CI=−0.82 to −0.07, respectively) and medium but not significant short-term and intermediate-term effects on disability (g=−0.39, 95% CI=−0.86 to 0.07, and g=−0.46, 95% CI=−1.00 to −0.08, respectively).LimitationsOnly one study investigated the effect of TE on pain and disability at follow-up longer than 6 months after intervention.ConclusionsConsistent with other reviews, the results support the use of TE in the management of CNSNP. In particular, a significant overall effect size was found supporting TE for its effect on pain in both the short and intermediate terms.
Relationship between degree of focal kyphosis correction and neurological outcomes for patients undergoing cervical deformity correction surgery
Authors: Grosso Matthew J. , Hwang Roy , Mroz Thomas , Benzel Edward , Steinmetz Michael P. 
Published: April 2013

Object
Reversal of the normal cervical spine curvature, as seen in cervical kyphosis, can lead to mechanical pain, neurological dysfunction, and functional disabilities. Surgical intervention is warranted in patients with sufficiently symptomatic deformities in an attempt to correct the deformed cervical spine. In theory, improved outcomes should accompany a greater degree of correction toward lordosis, although there are few data available to test this relationship. The purpose of this study is to determine if the degree of deformity correction correlates with improvement in neurological symptoms following surgery for cervical kyphotic deformity.

Methods
A retrospective review of 36 patients with myelopathic symptoms who underwent cervical deformity correction surgery between 2001 and 2009 was performed. Preoperative and postoperative radiographic findings related to the degree of kyphosis were collected and compared with functional outcome measures. The minimum follow-up time was 2 years.

Results
A significant relationship was observed between a greater degree of focal kyphosis correction and improved neurological outcomes according to the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) score (r = −0.46, p = 0.032). For patients with severe neurological symptoms (mJOA score < 12) a trend toward improved outcomes with greater global kyphosis correction was observed (r = −0.56, p = 0.057). Patients with an mJOA score less than 16 who attained lordosis postoperatively had a significantly greater improvement in total mJOA score than patients who maintained a kyphotic position (achieved lordosis: 2.7 ± 2.0 vs maintained kyphosis: 1.1 ± 2.1, p = 0.044).

Conclusions
The authors' results suggest that the degree of correction of focal kyphosis deformity correlates with improved neurological outcomes. The authors also saw a positive relationship between attainment of global lordosis and improved mJOA scores. With consideration for the risks involved in correction surgery, this information can be used to help guide surgical strategy decision making.
Safety of spinal decompression using an ultrasonic bone curette compared with a high-speed drill: outcomes in 337 patients
Authors: Bydon Mohamad , Xu Risheng , Papademetriou Kyriakos , Sciubba Daniel M. , Wolinsky Jean-Paul , Witham Timothy F. , Gokaslan Ziya L. , Jallo George , Bydon Ali 
Published: April 2013

Object
Unintended durotomies are a common complication of spine surgery and are often correlated with increased postoperative morbidity. Recently, ultrasonic bone curettes have been introduced in spine surgery as a possible alternative to the conventional high-speed drill, offering the potential for greater bone-cutting precision and less damage to surrounding soft tissues. To date, however, few studies have investigated the safety and efficacy of the ultrasonic bone curette in reducing the rates of incidental durotomy compared with the high-speed drill.

Methods
The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of 337 consecutive patients who underwent posterior cervical or thoracic decompression at a single institution between January 2009 and September 2011. Preoperative pathologies, the location and extent of spinal decompression, and the use of an ultrasonic bone curette versus the high-speed drill were noted. The rates of incidental durotomy, as well as hospital length of stay (LOS) and perioperative outcomes, were compared between patients who were treated using the ultrasonic bone curette and those treated using a high-speed drill.

Results
Among 88 patients who were treated using an ultrasonic bone curette and 249 who were treated using a high-speed drill, 5 (5.7%) and 9 (3.6%) patients had an unintentional durotomy, respectively. This finding was not statistically significant (p = 0.40). No patients in either cohort experienced statistically higher rates of perioperative complications, although patients treated using an ultrasonic bone curette tended to have a longer hospital LOS. This difference may be attributed to the fact that this series contained a statistically higher number of metastatic tumor cases (p < 0.0001) in the ultrasonic bone curette cohort, likely increasing the LOS for that patient population. In 13 patients, the dural defect was repaired intraoperatively. No patients who experienced an incidental durotomy had new-onset or permanent neurological deficits postoperatively.

Conclusions
The safety and efficacy of ultrasonic bone curettes in spine surgery has not been well established. This study shows that the ultrasonic bone curette has a similar safety profile compared with the high-speed drill, although both are capable of causing iatrogenic dural tears during spine surgery.
Long-term clinical results of microsurgical transdural discectomy with laminoplasty: follow-up results over 10 years
Authors: Tanaka Nobuhiro , Fujimoto Yoshinori , Sumida Tadayoshi , Manabe Hideki , Nakanishi Kazuyoshi , Fujiwara Yasushi , Kamei Naosuke , Nakamae Toshio , Izumi Bunichiro , Ochi Mitsuo 
Published: April 2013

Object
In this retrospective analysis the authors describe the long-term clinical results of microsurgical transdural discectomy with laminoplasty (MTDL) in patients with cervical disc herniation (CDH).

Methods
Thirty patients (21 males, 9 females; mean age at surgery 55 years) with CDH had surgical treatments consisting of MTDL between 1990 and 1998. All patients demonstrated signs or symptoms of cervical myelopathy and/or radiculomyelopathy. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scoring system and by recovery rate (RR). The degenerative grades of the intervertebral discs were also evaluated based on preoperative, postoperative, and final follow-up MR images. The average follow-up period was 14.1 years (range 10–22 years).

Results
Twenty (67%) of the 30 patients completed the follow-up in this study. The preoperative JOA scores in these patients averaged 11.8, and the postoperative scores at the final follow-up averaged 15.5 (average RR 69.6%). None of these patients required reoperation after MTDL. Although disc degeneration progressed during the follow-up period, there were no cases of clinical deterioration, recurrence of disc herniation, or postoperative kyphotic deformity.

Conclusions
Sufficient clinical results were obtained after the MTDL for a long-term follow-up period exceeding 10 years. The MTDL may be an option for an alternative procedure if the patients are correctly selected and the procedure is safely performed.