bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Notre Dame Du Haut by Spherical Photogrammetry Integrated by Point Clouds Generated by Multi-View Software
Authors: Fangi Gabriele , Pierdicca Roberto 
Published: October 2012

A convenient new photogrammetric technique, the Multi-Image Spherical Photogrammetry (MISP), particularly suitable for metric recording of architecture, has been set up and already used in many projects (Fangi, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011). From a unique point of view, photographs are taken 360° around to form a spherical panorama. This panorama is suitable for measurements. The advantages in comparison with traditional pin-hole photogrammetry are many: the speed of the survey, the low-cost of the system, the drastic reduction of the photogrammetric models. The disadvantages consist in the fact that the only suitable points for plotting are those easily identifiable in the different panoramas, because of lack of stereoscopy. In order to solve this problem the following steps have been made: To use web service of Photosynth to get the orientation of a flurry of photos [27]; To generate dense point cloud by PMVS-2 (Furukawa,[28]); To edit the point cloud with Mesh Lab, an open source software [26]; To employ a suite of modeling programs to create a 3D model of the church.
Pseudo-embeddings and pseudo-hyperplanes
Authors: De Bruyn B. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
We generalize some known results regarding hyperplanes and projective embeddings of point-line geometries with three points per line to geometries with an arbitrary but finite number of points on each line. In order to generalize these results, we need to introduce the new notions of pseudo-hyperplane, (universal) pseudo-embedding, pseudo-embedding rank and pseudo-generating rank. We prove several connections between these notions and address the problem of the existence of (certain) pseudo-embeddings. We apply this to several classes of point-line geometries. We also determine the pseudo-embedding rank and the pseudo-generating rank of the projective space PG(n; 4) and the affine space AG(n; 4).
The Perspectives of Children and Young People Living with Cleft Lip and Palate: A Review of Qualitative Literature
Authors: Sharif Mohammad Owaise , Callery Peter , Tierney Stephanie 
Published: October 2012

Objective To explore the experiences of children and young people with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) in relation to being treated for and living with this condition. Design A systematic review of qualitative research. Electronic databases and hand-searching were employed to identify relevant studies. The review centered on studies examining the views or experiences of young patients first-hand. Any study using a qualitative/mixed method design was eligible for inclusion. Results From 184 potential references, 38 papers were read in full, from which only two studies of young people met all the review's inclusion criteria. Common reasons for exclusion were not being a qualitative study, not focusing on CL/P, or data coming from parents only. A further two papers provided a retrospective account of childhood with CL/P from interviews with adults. Their suitability for the review's aims was limited, but they were discussed. Conclusions This review demonstrates that there is a paucity of evidence about the experiences of young people living with CL/P. No studies of children and only two studies of young people met all inclusion criteria. Identified papers implied that more attention is needed within families and services to help young people manage everyday difficulties such as bullying and self-consciousness due to facial difference.
Protective Potential of Non‐Dialyzable Material Fraction of Cranberry Juice on the Virulence of P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum Mixed Infection
Authors: Polak David , Naddaf Raja , Shapira Lior , Weiss Ervin I. , Houri‐Haddad Yael 
Published: October 2012

Background: Periodontitis is a polymicrobial infectious disease. A novel potential chemical treatment modality may lie in bacterial anti‐adhesive materials, such as cranberry juice fractions. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of high molecular weight cranberry constituent (non‐dialyzable material [NDM]) on the virulence of a mixed infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum in mice.Methods: In vitro, the anti‐adhesive property of NDM was validated on epithelial cell culture, and inhibition of coaggregation was tested using a coaggregation assay. The in vivo effect was tested on the outcome of experimental periodontitis induced by a P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum mixed infection, and also on the local host response using the subcutaneous chamber model of infection. Phagocytosis was also tested on RAW macrophages by the use of fluorescent‐labeled bacteria.Results: NDM was found to inhibit the adhesion of both species of bacteria onto epithelial cells and to inhibit coaggregation in a dose‐dependent manner. NDM consumption by mice attenuated the severity of experimental periodontitis compared with a mixed infection without NDM treatment. In infected subcutaneous chambers, NDM alone reduced tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) levels induced by the mixed infection. In vitro, NDM eliminated TNF‐α expression by macrophages that were exposed to P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum, without impairing their viability. Furthermore, NDM increased the phagocytosis of P. gingivalis.Conclusions: The results indicate that the use of NDM may hold potential protective and/or preventive modalities in periodontal disease. Underlying mechanisms for this trait may perhaps be the anti‐adhesive properties of NDM or its potential effect on inflammation.
Prospective Associations of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide With Markers of Left Ventricular Function in Individuals With and Without Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kroon Maria H. , van den Hurk Katja , Alssema Marjan , Kamp Otto , Stehouwer Coen D.A. , Henry Ronald M.A. , Diamant Michaela , Boomsma Frans , Nijpels Giel , Paulus Walter J. , Dekker Jacqueline M. 
Published: October 2012

OBJECTIVE
Heart failure is common in individuals with type 2 diabetes, and early detection of individuals at risk may offer opportunities for prevention. We aimed to explore 1) prospective associations of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels in a non–heart failure range with changes in markers of left ventricular (LV) function and 2) possible effect modification by type 2 diabetes in a population-based cohort.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Echocardiographic measurements were performed at baseline (2000–2001) and follow-up (2007–2009), together with standardized physical examinations and BNP measurements on 300 individuals (mean age 66 years, 32% with type 2 diabetes) of the longitudinal Hoorn Study. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to investigate associations of baseline BNP (&lt;100 pg/mL) in individuals without prevalent heart failure at baseline with changes in LV mass index, LV ejection fraction, left atrial volume index, and ratio of early diastolic LV inflow velocity (E) to early diastolic lengthening velocity (e′) (E/e′).

RESULTS
In all individuals, higher BNP was associated with 8-year increases in left atrial volume index. Higher BNP was also associated with increasing LV mass index and E/e′. These associations were significantly stronger in individuals with type 2 diabetes compared with the nonsignificant associations in individuals without type 2 diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS
This 8-year follow-up study shows that higher BNP levels in a non–heart failure range were associated with an increased LV mass and deteriorated LV diastolic function, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes. This implies that the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes should be taken into account if BNP levels are used to assess future heart failure risk.
Metabolic and Inflammatory Links to Depression in Youth With Diabetes
Authors: Hood Korey K. , Lawrence Jean M. , Anderson Andrea , Bell Ronny , Dabelea Dana , Daniels Stephen , Rodriguez Beatriz , Dolan Lawrence M. ,   for the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study Group
Published: October 2012

OBJECTIVE
Youth with diabetes are at increased risk for depression. The objectives of this study were to provide preliminary evidence that this at-risk status for depression is associated with metabolic and inflammatory markers and to inform future, more stringent examinations of the directionality of these associations.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Data from SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth (SEARCH), an observational study of U.S. children diagnosed with diabetes at &lt;20 years of age, were used for these analyses. SEARCH participants were drawn from four geographically defined populations in Ohio, Washington, South Carolina, and Colorado; health plan enrollees in Hawaii and California; and Indian Health Service beneficiaries from four Native American populations. Participants were 2,359 youth with diabetes from the 2001 prevalent and 2002–2004 incident SEARCH cohorts. Depression was measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Eight metabolic and inflammatory markers were measured: adiponectin, leptin, C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, apolipoprotein B (apoB), lipoprotein A, interleukin-6, and LDL.

RESULTS
Six of eight markers were significantly (P &lt; 0.006) associated with depression in youth with diabetes in bivariate analyses. In general, higher levels of depression were associated with indicators of worse metabolic or inflammatory functioning. In regression models stratified by diabetes type and accounting for demographic and clinical characteristics, only higher levels of apoB remained associated with higher levels of depression in youth with type 1 diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS
These data suggest that depression reported by youth with diabetes is partially associated with metabolic abnormalities and systemic inflammation.
Effect of Combination Therapy With Fenofibrate and Simvastatin on Postprandial Lipemia in the ACCORD Lipid Trial
Authors: Reyes-Soffer Gissette , Ngai Colleen I. , Lovato Laura , Karmally Wahida , Ramakrishnan Rajasekhar , Holleran Stephen , Ginsberg Henry N. 
Published: October 2012

OBJECTIVE
The Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes lipid study (ACCORD Lipid), which compared the effects of simvastatin plus fenofibrate (FENO-S) versus simvastatin plus placebo (PL-S) on cardiovascular disease outcomes, measured only fasting triglyceride (TG) levels. We examined the effects of FENO-S on postprandial (PP) lipid and lipoprotein levels in a subgroup of ACCORD Lipid subjects.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We studied 139 subjects (mean age of 61 years, 40% female, and 76% Hispanic or black) in ACCORD Lipid, from a total 529 ACCORD Lipid subjects in the Northeast Clinical Network. PP plasma TG, apolipoprotein (apo)B48, and apoCIII were measured over 10 h after an oral fat load.

RESULTS
The PP TG incremental area under the curve (IAUC) above fasting (median and interquartile range [mg/dL/h]) was 572 (352–907) in the FENO-S group versus 770 (429–1,420) in the PL-S group (P = 0.008). The PP apoB48 IAUC (mean ± SD [μg/mL/h]) was also reduced in the FENO-S versus the PL-S group (23.2 ± 16.3 vs. 35.2 ± 28.6; P = 0.008). Fasting TG levels on the day of study were correlated with PP TG IAUC (r = 0.73 for FENO-S and r = 0.62 for PL-S; each P &lt; 0.001). However, the fibrate effect on PP TG IAUC was a constant percentage across the entire range of fasting TG levels, whereas PP apoB48 IAUC was only reduced when fasting TG levels were increased.

CONCLUSIONS
FENO-S lowered PP TG similarly in all participants compared with PL-S. However, levels of atherogenic apoB48 particles were reduced only in individuals with increased fasting levels of TG. These results may have implications for interpretation of the overall ACCORD Lipid trial, which suggested benefit from FENO-S only in dyslipidemic individuals.
Serum Levels of the Adipokine Progranulin Depend on Renal Function
Authors: Richter Judit , Focke Denise , Ebert Thomas , Kovacs Peter , Bachmann Anette , Lössner Ulrike , Kralisch Susan , Kratzsch Jürgen , Beige Joachim , Anders Matthias , Bast Ingolf , Blüher Matthias , Stumvoll Michael , Fasshauer Mathias 
Published: October 2012

OBJECTIVE
Progranulin has recently been introduced as a novel adipokine inducing insulin resistance and obesity. In the current study, we investigated renal elimination, as well as association of the adipokine with markers of the metabolic syndrome.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Progranulin serum levels were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and correlated to anthropometric and biochemical parameters of renal function and glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as inflammation, in 532 patients with stages 1–5 of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

RESULTS
Median serum progranulin levels adjusted for age, sex, and BMI were significantly different between CKD stages with highest values detectable in stage 5 (stage 1, 58.3 µg/L; stage 2, 63.0 µg/L; stage 3, 65.4 µg/L; stage 4, 68.8 µg/L; and stage 5, 90.6 µg/L). Furthermore, CKD stage was the strongest independent predictor of circulating progranulin in our cohort. In addition, high-sensitivity interleukin-6 and adiponectin remained significantly and independently correlated with the adipokine.

CONCLUSIONS
We demonstrate that progranulin serum levels increase with deteriorating renal function. These findings are in accordance with the hypothesis that renal clearance is a major elimination route for circulating progranulin. Furthermore, the adipokine is positively and independently associated with markers of inflammation and adiponectin.
Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Linagliptin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Severe Renal Impairment
Authors: McGill Janet B. , Sloan Lance , Newman Jennifer , Patel Sanjay , Sauce Christophe , von Eynatten Maximilian , Woerle Hans-Juergen 
Published: October 2012

OBJECTIVE
This placebo-controlled study assessed long-term efficacy and safety of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor linagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes and severe renal impairment (RI).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In this 1-year, double-blind study, 133 patients with type 2 diabetes (HbA1c 7.0–10.0%) and severe RI (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] &lt;30 mL/min/1.73 m2) at screening were randomized to linagliptin 5 mg (n = 68) or placebo (n = 65) once daily, added to existing background therapy. The primary efficacy end point was HbA1c change from baseline to week 12. Efficacy and safety end points were assessed after 1 year.

RESULTS
At week 12, adjusted mean HbA1c decreased by −0.76% with linagliptin and −0.15% with placebo (treatment difference, −0.60%; 95% CI −0.89 to −0.31; P &lt; 0.0001). HbA1c improvements were sustained with linagliptin (−0.71%) over placebo (0.01%) at 1 year (treatment difference −0.72%, −1.03 to −0.41; P &lt; 0.0001). Mean insulin doses decreased by −6.2 units with linagliptin and −0.3 units with placebo. Overall adverse event incidence was similar over 1 year (94.1 vs. 92.3%). Incidence of severe hypoglycemia with linagliptin and placebo was comparably low (three patients per group). Linagliptin and placebo had little effect on renal function (median change in eGFR, −0.8 vs. −2.2 mL/min/1.73 m2), and no drug-related renal failure occurred.

CONCLUSIONS
In patients with type 2 diabetes and severe RI, linagliptin provided clinically meaningful improvements in glycemic control with very low risk of severe hypoglycemia, stable body weight, and no cases of drug-related renal failure. The potential for linagliptin to spare insulin and provide long-term renal safety warrants further investigations.
Investigations on laser welding of magnesium alloys
Authors: Dai Jun , Huang Jian , Li Zhuguo , Dong Jie , Wu Yixiong 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe welding processes of three different magnesium alloys ZK60, AZ31, and Mg-rare earth alloy NZ30K were studied using a high-power CO2 laser. The microstructure and tensile strength of welded joints were tested and analyzed. With increasing welding speed the tensile strength and total elongation of welded joints of ZK60 alloy are improved. The ultimate tensile strength of the welded joint of ZK60 is 211.18 MPa, 90% of the base metal. The tensile strengths of welded joints of AZ31 and NZ30K are better than those of the base metal. The expansion of the plasma of laser-welded ZK60 is the strongest with the highest temperature.
Study on the dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics using the one-dimensional Ising model
Authors: You Jinghan , Ju Weiwei , Tang Zhengxin , Li Liben 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
As a high-dielectric cubic perovskite-related material, CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) has a dielectric constant of 104 at room temperature. Up to now the origin of the peculiar dielectric phenomena in CCTO is not fully understood and there are some disputes in the literature. In this paper, based a one-dimensional Ising model under static electric field, the dielectric properties of CCTO were studied. Results indicate that the theory is nearly consistent with the experiment.
Performance analysis of the protective effects of bicycle helmets during impact and crush tests in pediatric skull models
Authors: Mattei Tobias A. , Bond Brandon J. , Goulart Carlos R. , Sloffer Chris A. , Morris Martin J. , Lin Julian J. 
Published: October 2012

Object
Bicycle accidents are a very important cause of clinically important traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children. One factor that has been shown to mitigate the severity of lesions associated with TBI in such scenarios is the proper use of a helmet. The object of this study was to test and evaluate the protection afforded by a children's bicycle helmet to human cadaver skulls with a child's anthropometry in both “impact” and “crushing” situations.

Methods
The authors tested human skulls with and without bicycle helmets in drop tests in a monorail-guided free-fall impact apparatus from heights of 6 to 48 in onto a flat steel anvil. Unhelmeted skulls were dropped at 6 in, with progressive height increases until failure (fracture). The maximum resultant acceleration rates experienced by helmeted and unhelmeted skulls on impact were recorded by an accelerometer attached to the skulls. In addition, compressive forces were applied to both helmeted and unhelmeted skulls in progressive amounts. The tolerance in each circumstance was recorded and compared between the two groups.

Results
Helmets conferred up to an 87% reduction in so-called mean maximum resultant acceleration over unhelmeted skulls. In compression testing, helmeted skulls were unable to be crushed in the compression fixture up to 470 pound-force (approximately 230 kgf), whereas both skull and helmet alone failed in testing.

Conclusions
Children's bicycle helmets provide measurable protection in terms of attenuating the acceleration experienced by a skull on the introduction of an impact force. Moreover, such helmets have the durability to mitigate the effects of a more rare but catastrophic direct compressive force. Therefore, the use of bicycle helmets is an important preventive tool to reduce the incidence of severe associated TBI in children as well as to minimize the morbidity of its neurological consequences.
Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci in the endangered plant Dipteronia sinensis (Sapindaceae)
Authors: Su Hai‐Lun , Li Zhong‐Hu , Zhao Peng , Bai Guo‐Qing , Zhou Tian‐Hua , Liu Zhan‐Lin , Zhao Gui‐Fang 
Published: October 2012

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite markers were developed in Dipteronia sinensis to investigate the population genetics of this endangered plant.• Methods and Results: Using the Fast Isolation by AFLP of Sequences COntaining repeats (FIASCO) protocol, 19 microsatellite loci were developed in D. sinensis and evaluated for their variability in 29 samples from a natural population. For the 15 polymorphic loci, the number of alleles ranged from nine to 33, while the observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.3793 to 0.9655 and from 0.6029 to 0.9609, respectively. Their cross‐taxa transferability was also investigated in Acer miaotaiense, A. palmatum, and A. pictum subsp. mono, and 10 to 15 loci proved amplifiable in these species.• Conclusions: These microsatellite markers could be employed to investigate the population genetics of D. sinensis and may potentially be applicable to other related species.
Orofacial Symptoms Related to Temporomandibular Joint Arthritis in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Smallest Detectable Difference in Self-reported Pain Intensity
Authors: STOUSTRUP PETER , KRISTENSEN KASPER D. , VERNA CARLALBERTA , KÜSELER ANNELISE , HERLIN TROELS , PEDERSEN THOMAS K. 
Published: October 2012

Objective.Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) inflammation in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) may lead to mandibular growth disturbances and interfere with optimal joint and muscle function. Orofacial symptoms are common clinical findings in relation to TMJ arthritis in adolescence. Knowledge about their clinical manifestation is important for TMJ arthritis diagnosis, treatment choice, and outcome evaluation. The aim of our prospective observational study was to evaluate and describe the frequency, the main complaints, and the localization of TMJ arthritis-related orofacial symptoms. The smallest detectable differences (SDD) for minimal, average, and maximal pain were estimated.Methods.Thirty-three patients with JIA and arthritis-related orofacial symptoms in relation to 55 affected TMJ were included in our questionnaire study (mean age 14.11 yrs). Calculation of the SDD was based on a duplicate assessment 45 min after the first questionnaire was completed.Results.The majority of the patients had common orofacial symptoms during mastication and maximal mouth opening procedures. Persistent orofacial symptoms were rare. The TMJ area in combination with the masseter muscle region was the orofacial region where symptoms were most common. The SDD for minimal, average, and maximal pain were between 10 and 14 mm on a visual analog scale.Conclusion.Our study offers new knowledge about TMJ arthritis-related orofacial symptoms that may aid diagnosis and clinical decision-making. We suggest that TMJ arthritis-related orofacial symptoms could be understood as products of the primary TMJ inflammation in combination with secondary myogenic and functional issues.