bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heart rate variability evaluation in the assessment and management of in-utero drug-exposed infants
Authors: Nagiub Mohamed , Alton Karen , Avula Varun , Hagglund Karen , Anne Premchand 
Published: November 2014

Aim: To determine whether heart rate variability parameters vary between in-utero drug-exposed infants and controls. To determine correlations between Finnegan score and heart rate variability parameters. To differentiate those drug-exposed infants who require treatment from those infants who do not. Methods: A total of 24 jaundiced control subjects and 25 in-utero drug-exposed infants were enrolled. The Finnegan score and an electrocardiographic rhythm strip were obtained at 4-h intervals. RR intervals (time between consecutive R waves) were manually tabulated from the rhythm strip and analyzed. Time-domain heart rate variability parameters were calculated and analyzed for both groups. Results: Heart rate variability parameters were cumulatively lower over 3 days in in-utero drug-exposed infants compared with controls (p < 0.05). Root mean square of differences of standard deviation of RR intervals on first day of life, and standard deviation of RR intervals, percentage of consecutive RR intervals greater than 50 ms, and root mean square of differences of standard deviation of RR intervals on the second day of life were significantly lower between in-utero drug-exposed infants and control infants. Three out of five parameters were significantly lower in in-utero drug-exposed infants pre-treatment versus post-treatment (p = 0.001, p = 0.0001, and p = 0.021, respectively). Root mean square of differences of standard deviation of RR intervals was able to differentiate in-utero drug-exposed infants requiring opiate therapy and in-utero drug-exposed infants that did not (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Heart rate variability analysis can contribute to the management of in-utero drug-exposed infants. Heart rate variability could be used in dose titration.
Efficacy of chemotherapy after hormone therapy for hormone receptor–positive metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Mori Ryutaro , Nagao Yasuko 
Published: November 2014

Objective: According to the guidelines for metastatic breast cancer, hormone therapy for hormone receptor–positive metastatic breast cancer without life-threatening metastasis should be received prior to chemotherapy. Previous trials have investigated the sensitivity of chemotherapy for preoperative breast cancer based on the efficacy of neoadjuvant hormone therapy. In this retrospective study, we investigated the efficacy of chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer in hormone therapy–effective and hormone therapy–ineffective cases. Methods: Patients who received chemotherapy after hormone therapy for metastatic breast cancer between 2006 and 2013 at our institution were investigated. Results: A total of 32 patients received chemotherapy after hormone therapy for metastatic breast cancer. The median patient age was 59 years, and most of the primary tumors exhibited a T2 status. A total of 26 patients had an N(+) status, while 7 patients had human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–positive tumors. A total of 13 patients received clinical benefits from hormone therapy, with a rate of clinical benefit of subsequent chemotherapy of 30.8%, which was not significantly different from that observed in the hormone therapy–ineffective patients (52.6%). A total of 13 patients were able to continue the hormone therapy for more than 1 year, with a rate of clinical benefit of chemotherapy of 38.5%, which was not significantly different from that observed in the short-term hormone therapy patients (47.4%). The luminal A patients were able to continue hormone therapy for a significantly longer period than the non-luminal A patients (median survival time: 17.8 months vs 6.35 months, p = 0.0085). However, there were no significant differences in the response to or duration of chemotherapy. Conclusion: The efficacy of chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer cannot be predicted based on the efficacy of prior hormone therapy or tumor subtype, and clinicians should administer chemotherapy in all cases of hormone receptor–positive metastatic breast cancer, if needed.
Atrial myxoma masquerading as Takayasu’s arteritis
Authors: Fung Kenneth , Edmondson Stephen , Wald David S 
Published: November 2014

Lesson We describe the case of a 48-year-old woman whose atrial myxoma was mistaken for vasculitis. The case report highlights the reasons why these two disorders may become confused, the dangers of initiating the wrong treatment and a simple means of avoiding misdiagnosis.
Should magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography be the primary brain imaging modality in the transient ischemic attack clinic?
Authors: Ganesalingam Jeban , Jenkins I Harri 
Published: November 2014

Objective The Royal College of Physicians and National Institute of Clinical Excellence have recommended that magnetic resonance imaging should be the modality of choice for cerebral imaging in transient ischemic attack patients. However, implementation of this is often difficult. Therefore, it is important to know whether magnetic resonance imaging contributes significantly to early clinical management in transient ischemic attack patients. Design A retrospective case-notes review of 65 consecutive patients seen by one neurology trainee (with consultant review), in a neurovascular service where computed tomography has been the primary cerebral imaging modality. Setting Outpatient TIA/Neurovascular clinic at Imperial College hospital. Participants 65 consecutive patients seen by one neurology trainee (with consultant review). Main outcome measure We recorded the preliminary clinical diagnosis, details of investigations performed and whether or not patients had a magnetic resonance imaging brain scan subsequently, the number followed up in clinic and the final diagnosis. Results Of the 65 cases seen, 55% were classified initially as transient ischemic attack/stroke mimics. Of the 29 cases (45%) that were classified as transient ischemic attack, all had computed tomography scans, 12 had magnetic resonance imaging scans subsequently and 14 were followed up several weeks later. Of the 36 cases classified as stroke mimics, 27 had computed tomography scans immediately and 31 had carotid Dopplers, six subsequently had magnetic resonance imaging scans and 14 were followed up in clinic. Only two patients had their diagnosis revised on the basis of the magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusions Our study suggests that magnetic resonance imaging brain changes the diagnosis in a relatively small percentage of cases. A good history and examination remain paramount in the assessment of patients presenting to the transient ischemic attack clinic, particularly when more than 50% of cases referred are transient ischemic attack/stroke mimics.
Hypochondriacal attitudes and beliefs, attitudes towards complementary and alternative medicine and modern health worries predict patient satisfaction
Authors: Fionda Sofia , Furnham Adrian 
Published: November 2014

Summary Objective To investigate how hypochondriacal attitudes and beliefs, attitudes towards complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and modern health worries (MHWs) related to patient satisfaction with their general practitioner. Design Participants completed a five-part questionnaire anonymously which measured satisfaction with one’s doctor, hypochondriacal beliefs, attitudes to CAM, MHWs and personality. Setting England Participants Included 215 adults from a variety of cultural backgrounds. Main outcome measure The Illness Attitudes Scales measuring the attitudes, fears and beliefs associated with hypochondriasis; Worry about Illness; Concerns about Pain, Health Habits, Hypochondriacal beliefs; Thanatophobia, Disease phobia, Bodily preoccupations; Treatment experience and Effects of symptoms. Results Correlations (around r = .10 to .25) and Regressions (R square from .06 to .09) showed demographic and personality variables only modestly related to patient satisfaction. Hypochondriasis, CAM and MHWs were associated with greater patient dissatisfaction as predicted with the former as the most powerful correlate. Conclusion The study indicates the different needs of potential patients in a typical medical consultation. It is important to ascertain patients’ health beliefs and practices with regard to medical history, attitudes to CAM and MHWs to increase consultation satisfaction.
Views of senior UK doctors about working in medicine: questionnaire survey
Authors: Lambert Trevor W , Smith Fay , Goldacre Michael J 
Published: November 2014

Summary Objectives We surveyed the UK medical qualifiers of 1993. We asked closed questions about their careers; and invited them to give us comments, if they wished, about any aspect of their work. Our aim in this paper is to report on the topics that this senior cohort of UK-trained doctors who work in UK medicine raised with us. Design Questionnaire survey Participants 3479 contactable UK-trained medical graduates of 1993. Setting UK. Main outcome measures Comments made by doctors about their work, and their views about medical careers and training in the UK. Method Postal and email questionnaires. Results Response rate was 72% (2507); 2252 were working in UK medicine, 816 (36%) of whom provided comments. Positive comments outweighed negative in the areas of their own job satisfaction and satisfaction with their training. However, 23% of doctors who commented expressed dissatisfaction with aspects of junior doctors’ training, the impact of working time regulations, and with the requirement for doctors to make earlier career decisions than in the past about their choice of specialty. Some doctors were concerned about government health service policy; others were dissatisfied with the availability of family-friendly/part-time work, and we are concerned about attitudes to gender and work-life balance. Conclusions Though satisfied with their own training and their current position, many senior doctors felt that changes to working hours and postgraduate training had reduced the level of experience gained by newer graduates. They were also concerned about government policy interventions.
HGAL localization to cell membrane regulates B-cell receptor signaling
Authors: Lu Xiaoqing , Sicard Renaud , Jiang Xiaoyu , Stockus Jessica N. , McNamara George , Abdulreda Midhat , Moy Vincent T. , Landgraf Ralf , Lossos Izidore S. 
Published: November 2014

Key Points
HGAL protein can be myristoylated and palmitoylated, and these modifications localize HGAL to lipid rafts. Raft localization of HGAL protein facilitates interaction with Syk, and modulation of BCR activation and signaling.
Mutational spectrum of myeloid malignancies with inv(3)/t(3;3) reveals a predominant involvement of RAS/RTK signaling pathways
Authors: Gröschel Stefan , Sanders Mathijs A. , Hoogenboezem Remco , Zeilemaker Annelieke , Havermans Marije , Erpelinck Claudia , Bindels Eric M. J. , Beverloo H. Berna , Döhner Hartmut , Löwenberg Bob , Döhner Konstanze , Delwel Ruud , Valk Peter J. M. 
Published: November 2014

Key Points
inv(3)/t(3;3) disease exhibits high rates of activated RAS/RTK signaling, epigenetic modifier, splice, and transcription factor mutations. AML and MDS with inv(3)/t(3;3) display similar mutational and gene expression profiles and should be considered a single molecular entity.
Plasmonic molecules via glass annealing in hydrogen
Authors: Redkov Alexey , Chervinskii Semen , Baklanov Alexander , Reduto Igor , Zhurikhina Valentina , Lipovskii Andrey 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Growth of self-assembled metal nanoislands on the surface of silver ion-exchanged glasses via their thermal processing in hydrogen followed by out-diffusion of neutral silver is studied. The combination of thermal poling of the ion-exchanged glass with structured electrode and silver out-diffusion was used for simple formation of separated groups of several metal nanoislands presenting plasmonic molecules. The kinetics of nanoisland formation and temporal evolution of their size distribution on the surface of poled and unpoled glass are modeled.

PACS

78.67.Sc (nanoaggregates; nanocomposites); 81.16.Dn (self-assembly); 68.35.bj (surface structure of glasses); 64.60.Qb (Nucleation); 81.16.Nd (micro- and nanolithography)
IL-10 regulates Aicda expression through miR-155
Authors: Fairfax Kirsten A , Gantier Michael P , Mackay Fabienne , Williams Bryan R G , McCoy Claire E 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Aicda is a critical component of antibody class-switching in B cells. In this work, we study the impact of TLR4 activation and IL-10 stimulation on Aicda expression in B cells. Through the global analysis of miRNAs in response to TLR4 activation, in combination with IL-10 stimulation, we identified that IL-10 can suppress TLR4-induced miR-155 expression, an effect that resulted in enhanced Aicda expression. Furthermore, when preventing miR-155 control of Aicda expression, by genetic mutation of its target site in the Aicda mRNA, IL-10 could further potentiate Aicda expression. Given that miR-155 expression is lost, and expression levels of both Aicda and IL-10 are high in diseases, such as Burkitt’s lymphoma, our results suggest a stringent and sophisticated control of Aicda by a novel IL-10/miR-155 axis, where the imbalance of IL-10 and/or miR-155 may contribute to disease pathogenesis.
Decidual natural killer cell receptor expression is altered in pregnancies with impaired vascular remodeling and a higher risk of pre-eclampsia
Authors: Wallace Alison E , Whitley Guy S , Thilaganathan Baskaran , Cartwright Judith E 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
During pregnancy, a specialized type of NK cell accumulates in the lining of the uterus (decidua) and interacts with semiallogeneic fetal trophoblast cells. dNK cells are functionally and phenotypically distinct from PB NK and are implicated in regulation of trophoblast transformation of the uterine spiral arteries, which if inadequately performed, can result in pregnancy disorders. Here, we have used uterine artery Doppler RI in the first trimester of pregnancy as a proxy measure of the extent of transformation of the spiral arteries to identify pregnancies with a high RI, indicative of impaired spiral artery remodeling. We have used flow cytometry to examine dNK cells isolated from these pregnancies compared with those from pregnancies with a normal RI. We report a reduction in the proportion of dNK cells from high RI pregnancies expressing KIR2DL/S1,3,5 and LILRB1, receptors for HLA-C and HLA-G on trophoblast. Decreased LILRB1 expression in the decidua was examined by receptor blocking in trophoblast coculture and altered dNK expression of the cytokines CXCL10 and TNF-α, which regulate trophoblast behavior. These results indicate that dNK cells from high RI pregnancies may display altered interactions with trophoblast via decreased expression of HLA-binding cell-surface receptors, impacting on successful transformation of the uterus for pregnancy.
Down-regulation of survivin alleviates experimental arthritis
Authors: Andersson K M E , Svensson M N D , Erlandsson M C , Jonsson I-M , Bokarewa M I 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Survivin is a proto-oncogene that regulates cell division and apoptosis. It is a molecular marker of cancer. Recently, survivin has emerged as a feature of RA, associated with severe joint damage and poor treatment response. The present study examined if inhibition of survivin affects experimental arthritis, which was induced in mBSA-immunized mice by an injection of mBSA in the knee joint or developed spontaneously in collagen type II-immunized mice. The inhibition of survivin transcription by a lentivirus shRNA construct alleviated joint inflammation and reduced bone damage. The inhibition of survivin reduced the levels of metalloproteinases, β-catenin, and vimentin, limiting the invasive capacity of synovia, while no inhibition of osteoclastogenesis could be found. The inhibition of survivin led to a p53-independent reduction of T cell proliferation and favored the transcription and activity of Blimp-1, which limited IL-2 production and facilitated formation of regulatory Foxp3+CD4+ and effector CD8+ T cells. The study shows that the inhibition of survivin is sufficient to reduce joint inflammation and bone damage in preclinical models of arthritis. Antiarthritic effects of survivin inhibition are related to p53-independent control of lymphocyte proliferation.
The immunophenotype of mast cells and its utility in the diagnostic work-up of systemic mastocytosis
Authors: Teodosio Cristina , Mayado Andrea , Sa´nchez-Mun~oz Laura , Morgado Jose´ M , Jara-Acevedo Mari´a , A´lvarez-Twose Ivan , Garci´a-Montero Andre´s C , Matito Almudena , Caldas Caldas , Escribano Luis , Orfao Alberto 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
SM comprises a heterogeneous group of disorders, characterized by an abnormal accumulation of clonal MCs in 1 or more tissues, frequently involving the skin and BM. Despite the fact that most adult patients (&gt;90%) carry the same genetic lesion (D816V KIT mutation), the disease presents with multiple variants with very distinct clinical and biologic features, a diverse prognosis, and different therapeutic requirements. Recent advances in the standardization of the study of BM MC by MFC allowed reproducible identification and characterization of normal/reactive MCs and their precursors, as well as the establishment of the normal MC maturational profiles. Analysis of large groups of patients versus normal/reactive samples has highlighted the existence of aberrant MC phenotypes in SM, which are essential for the diagnosis of the disease. In turn, 3 clearly distinct and altered maturation-associated immunophenotypic profiles have been reported recently in SM, which provide criteria for the distinction between ISM patients with MC-restricted and multilineage KIT mutation; thus, immunphenotyping also contributes to prognostic stratification of ISM, particularly when analysis of the KIT mutation on highly purified BM cells is not routinely available in the diagnostic work-up of the disease.
CREM/ICERs up-regulation suppresses sponge endothelial CRE-HIF-1α-VEGF-dependent signaling and impairs angiogenesis in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Bitar Milad S. , Al-Mulla Fahd 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Impaired angiogenesis and endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes constitute a dominant risk factor for non-healing wounds and most forms of cardiovascular disease. We propose that diabetes shifts the “angiogenic balance” in favor of excessive antiangiogenic phenotype. Herein, we report that diabetes impairs in vivo sponge angiogenic capacity by decreasing VEGF expression/fibrovascular invasion and reciprocally enhances the formation of angiostatic molecules such as thrombospondins, NFκB and FasL. Defective in vivo angiogenesis prompted cellular studies in cultured endothelial cells derived from subcutaneous sponge implants (SIECs) of control and Goto-Kakizaki rats. Ensuing data in diabetic SIECs, demonstrated a marked up-regulation in cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling, possibly stemming from increased and decreased expression of adenylyl cyclase isoforms 3/8 and PDE3, respectively. Mechanistically, we found that oxidative stress and PKA activation in diabetes enhanced CREM/ICERs expression. This reduces IRS2 cellular content by inhibiting CRE transcriptional activity. Consequently, a decrease in the activity of Akt-mTOR is ensued with a concomitant reduction in total and nuclear protein levels of HIF-1α. Limiting HIF-1α availability for the specific HREs in diabetic SIECs elicited a marked reduction in VEGF expression, both at the mRNA and protein levels. These molecular abnormalities were illustrated functionally by a defect in various proangiogenic properties including cell proliferation, migration and tube formation. A genetic-based strategy in diabetic SIECs using CREM/ICER siRNA significantly augmented the PKA-dependent VEGF expression. To this end, the current data identify the criticality of CREM/ICER as a negative regulator of endothelial function and establish a link between CREM/ICER overexpression and impaired angiogenesis during the course of diabetes. Moreover, it may also offer CREM/ICERs as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of pathological angiogenesis in diseases such as diabetes and cancer.
Elevation devices for the prevention of heel pressure ulcers: a review
Authors: Clegg Rosie , Palfreyman Simon 
Published: November 2014

Aim: The objective of this systematic literature review was to gain insight into the effectiveness of off-loading devices to prevent heel pressure ulcers within the acute hospital setting. Background: Heels have been identified as the second most common site for pressure ulcers. Devices which off-load pressure can include pillows, wedges and boots. It is unclear as to which method or device is best at preventing pressure ulcers. Design and methods: A systematic review was carried out through the search of electronic databases and bibliographies of relevant publications. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews that compared devices which off-load heels to prevent pressure ulcers were identified. Results: A total of five studies were included in the review. The methodological quality of the studies was generally poor. The studies reported that heel-boot elevation devices appeared more beneficial. However, poor compliance with wearing the devices was identified, as well as a perceived increased risk of falls. There were little data on cost-effectiveness. Conclusions: There is little high-quality trial evidence to support the routine use of heel devices to prevent pressure ulcers. However, they may have a role to play within a multifaceted programme of pressure-ulcer prevention.
A topical haemoglobin spray for oxygenating chronic venous leg ulcers: a pilot study
Authors: Norris Ray 
Published: November 2014

Acute wounds will generally heal independently of any interventions, whereas chronic wounds are chronic for a reason and are unlikely to successfully heal without intervention. In the treatment of venous leg ulcers, the gold standard will always be compression therapy. However, many wounds still do not heal despite best practice. Therefore, the use of adjunct therapies alongside standard care become the priority for healing. This article describes a small evaluation, involving 17 patients with chronic venous leg ulcers, that set out to determine the effect of a topical oxygen therapy on wound size. The therapy comprises a canister that sprays pure haemoglobin in a water solution into the wound. The haemoglobin spray needs to be used at least once every 3 days, and no training is required on its use. Results showed the device helped promote wound healing in 14 out of 17 wounds treated for more than 2 weeks. These patients had previously been shown to be non-healing during a 4-week run-in period where they received standard care, including compression therapy.