bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived marginalization and aggression: A longitudinal study with low‐educated adolescents
Authors: Issmer Christian , Wagner Ulrich 
Published: June 2014

Social exclusion can evoke aggression. In the past two decades research has demonstrated this effect both for interpersonal and societal forms of exclusion. In addition, recent violent uprisings, like the London riots in August 2011, have been linked to social exclusion in the media. However, so far there is a lack of longitudinal studies which examine the aggression‐enhancing effect of societal‐level exclusion (i.e., marginalization) in disadvantaged groups. This research investigates the impact of perceived marginalization on aggression in a sample of N = 181 adolescents with a low educational background by means of a two‐wave longitudinal study. The results of structural equation analyses are consistent with the hypothesis that perceived marginalization enhances aggression, and that this effect is mediated by the extent of negative societal meta‐stereotypes. Furthermore, the reverse path from aggression to perceptions of marginalization is also significant. We discuss the implications of these findings and highlight practical consequences.
Identification of 1, 4‐Dihydrothieno[3′, 2′:5, 6]thiopyrano[4, 3‐c]pyrazole Derivatives as Human 5‐Lipo‐oxygenase Inhibitors
Authors: Hu Jianshu , Zhu Wei , Meng Hu , Liu Ying , Wang Xin , Hu Chun 
Published: June 2014

A series of novel 1,4‐dihydrothieno[3′,2′:5,6]thiopyrano[4,3‐c]‐pyrazole‐3‐carboxamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity to human 5‐lipo‐oxygenase (5‐LOX). Compound 7c was found to exhibit significant inhibition to human 5‐LOX with IC50 value of 5.7 ± 0.9 μm. Compound 7c was further studied using molecular docking in order to delineate its structure–activity relationship and to gain insight into the design of effective 5‐LOX inhibitors.
Design, Synthesis, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Hexadentate Hydroxypyridinones with High Iron(III) Affinity
Authors: Zhang Ming‐Xia , Zhu Chun‐Feng , Zhou Ying‐Jun , Kong Xiao‐Le , Hider Robert C , Zhou Tao 
Published: June 2014

A range of hexadentate 3‐hydroxypyridin‐4‐ones (HPOs) with high affinity for iron(III) has been synthesized. The log stability constants of two HPO–iron complexes (logK1) were determined to be over 34, and pFe values of the two HPOs were determined to be over 31. Antimicrobial assay indicated that they are able to markedly inhibit the growth of both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria. Compounds 14a and 14e were found to exhibit the strongest inhibitory activity against Staphyloccocus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli, with MIC values of 8, 8, 16, and 8 μg/mL, respectively. These results indicate that hexadentate 3‐hydroxypyridin‐4‐ones have potential application as antimicrobial agents, especially in the treatment of wound infection.
Structure‐based Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Isatin Derivatives as Potential Glycosyltransferase Inhibitors
Authors: Wang Yong , Chan Fung‐Yi , Sun Ning , Lui Hok‐Kiu , So Pui‐Kin , Yan Siu‐Cheong , Chan Kin‐Fai , Chiou Jiachi , Chen Sheng , Abagyan Ruben , Leung Yun‐Chung , Wong Kwok‐Yin 
Published: June 2014

Peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase (PGT) has been shown to be an important pharmacological target for the inhibition of bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. Structure‐based virtual screening of about 3 000 000 commercially available compounds against the crystal structure of the glycosyltransferase (GT) domain of the Staphylococcus aureus penicillin‐binding protein 2 (S. aureus PBP2) resulted in identification of an isatin derivative, 2‐(3‐(2‐carbamimidoylhydrazono)‐2‐oxoindolin‐1‐yl)‐N‐(m‐tolyl)acetamide (4) as a novel potential GT inhibitor. A series of 4 derivatives were synthesized. Several compounds showed more active antimicrobial activity than the initial hit compound 4, in particular 2‐(3‐(2‐carbamimidoylhydrazono)‐2‐oxoindolin‐1‐yl)‐N‐(3‐nitrophenyl)acetamide (4l), against Gram‐positive Bacillus subtilis and S. aureus with MIC values of 24 and 48 μg/mL, respectively. Saturation transfer difference (STD) NMR study revealed that there is a binding contact between 4l and the GT domain of S. aureus PBP2. Competitive STD‐NMR further proved that 4l and moenomycin A bind to GT domain in a competitive manner. Molecular docking study suggests a potential binding pocket of 4l in the GT domain of S. aureus PBP2. Taken together, compound 4l would provide a new scaffold for further development of potent GT inhibitors.
Object detection and classification from large‐scale cluttered indoor scans
Authors: Mattausch Oliver , Panozzo Daniele , Mura Claudio , Sorkine‐Hornung Olga , Pajarola Renato 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe present a method to automatically segment indoor scenes by detecting repeated objects. Our algorithm scales to datasets with 198 million points and does not require any training data. We propose a trivially parallelizable preprocessing step, which compresses a point cloud into a collection of nearly‐planar patches related by geometric transformations. This representation enables us to robustly filter out noise and greatly reduces the computational cost and memory requirements of our method, enabling execution at interactive rates. We propose a patch similarity measure based on shape descriptors and spatial configurations of neighboring patches. The patches are clustered in a Euclidean embedding space based on the similarity matrix to yield the segmentation of the input point cloud. The generated segmentation can be used to compress the raw point cloud, create an object database, and increase the clarity of the point cloud visualization.
Detection and reconstruction of freeform sweeps
Authors: Bartoň M. , Pottmann H. , Wallner J. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe study the difficult problem of deciding if parts of a freeform surface can be generated, or approximately generated, by the motion of a planar profile through space. While this task is basic for understanding the geometry of shapes as well as highly relevant for manufacturing and building construction, previous approaches were confined to special cases like kinematic surfaces or “moulding” surfaces. The general case remained unsolved so far. We approach this problem by a combination of local and global methods: curve analysis with regard to “movability”, curve comparison by common substring search in curvature plots, an exhaustive search through all planar cuts enhanced by quick rejection procedures, the ordering of candidate profiles and finally, global optimization. The main applications of our method are digital reconstruction of CAD models exhibiting sweep patches, and aiding in manufacturing freeform surfaces by pointing out those parts which can be approximated by sweeps.
Manipulating refractive and reflective binocular disparity
Authors: Dąbała Ł. , Kellnhofer P. , Ritschel T. , Didyk P. , Templin K. , Myszkowski K. , Rokita P. , Seidel H.‐P. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPresenting stereoscopic content on 3D displays is a challenging task, usually requiring manual adjustments. A number of techniques have been developed to aid this process, but they account for binocular disparity of surfaces that are diffuse and opaque only. However, combinations of transparent as well as specular materials are common in the real and virtual worlds, and pose a significant problem. For example, excessive disparities can be created which cannot be fused by the observer. Also, multiple stereo interpretations become possible, e. g., for glass, that both reflects and refracts, which may confuse the observer and result in poor 3D experience. In this work, we propose an efficient method for analyzing and controlling disparities in computer‐generated images of such scenes where surface positions and a layer decomposition are available. Instead of assuming a single per‐pixel disparity value, we estimate all possibly perceived disparities at each image location. Based on this representation, we define an optimization to find the best per‐pixel camera parameters, assuring that all disparities can be easily fused by a human. A preliminary perceptual study indicates, that our approach combines comfortable viewing with realistic depiction of typical specular scenes.
Optimizing stereo‐to‐multiview conversion for autostereoscopic displays
Authors: Chapiro Alexandre , Heinzle Simon , Aydın Tunç Ozan , Poulakos Steven , Zwicker Matthias , Smolic Aljosa , Gross Markus 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe present a novel stereo‐to‐multiview video conversion method for glasses‐free multiview displays. Different from previous stereo‐to‐multiview approaches, our mapping algorithm utilizes the limited depth range of autostereoscopic displays optimally and strives to preserve the scene's artistic composition and perceived depth even under strong depth compression. We first present an investigation of how perceived image quality relates to spatial frequency and disparity. The outcome of this study is utilized in a two‐step mapping algorithm, where we (i) compress the scene depth using a non‐linear global function to the depth range of an autostereoscopic display and (ii) enhance the depth gradients of salient objects to restore the perceived depth and salient scene structure. Finally, an adapted image domain warping algorithm is proposed to generate the multiview output, which enables overall disparity range extension.
Laplacian colormaps: a framework for structure‐preserving color transformations
Authors: Eynard D. , Kovnatsky A. , M. Bronstein M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractMappings between color spaces are ubiquitous in image processing problems such as gamut mapping, decolorization, and image optimization for color‐blind people. Simple color transformations often result in information loss and ambiguities, and one wishes to find an image‐specific transformation that would preserve as much as possible the structure of the original image in the target color space. In this paper, we propose Laplacian colormaps, a generic framework for structure‐preserving color transformations between images. We use the image Laplacian to capture the structural information, and show that if the color transformation between two images preserves the structure, the respective Laplacians have similar eigenvectors, or in other words, are approximately jointly diagonalizable. Employing the relation between joint diagonalizability and commutativity of matrices, we use Laplacians commutativity as a criterion of color mapping quality and minimize it w.r.t. the parameters of a color transformation to achieve optimal structure preservation. We show numerous applications of our approach, including color‐to‐gray conversion, gamut mapping, multispectral image fusion, and image optimization for color deficient viewers.
Content‐aware surface parameterization for interactive restoration of historical documents
Authors: Pal Kazim , Schüller Christian , Panozzo Daniele , Sorkine‐Hornung Olga , Weyrich Tim 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe present an interactive method to restore severely damaged historical parchments. When damaged by heat in a fire, such manuscripts undergo a complex deformation and contain various geometric distortions such as wrinkling, buckling, and shrinking, rendering them nearly illegible. They cannot be physically flattened due to the risk of further damage. We propose a virtual restoration framework to estimate the non‐rigid deformation the parchment underwent and to revert it, making reading the text significantly easier whilst maintaining the veracity of the textual content. We estimate the deformation by combining automatically extracted constraints with user‐provided hints informed by domain knowledge. We demonstrate that our method successfully flattens and straightens the text on a variety of pages scanned from a 17th century document which fell victim to fire damage.
Efficient Monte Carlo rendering with realistic lenses
Authors: Hanika Johannes , Dachsbacher Carsten 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn this paper we present a novel approach to simulate image formation for a wide range of real world lenses in the Monte Carlo ray tracing framework. Our approach sidesteps the overhead of tracing rays through a system of lenses and requires no tabulation. To this end we first improve the precision of polynomial optics to closely match ground‐truth ray tracing. Second, we show how the Jacobian of the optical system enables efficient importance sampling, which is crucial for difficult paths such as sampling the aperture which is hidden behind lenses on both sides. Our results show that this yields converged images significantly faster than previous methods and accurately renders complex lens systems with negligible overhead compared to simple models, e.g. the thin lens model. We demonstrate the practicality of our method by incorporating it into a bidirectional path tracing framework and show how it can provide information needed for sophisticated light transport algorithms.
Interactive cloth rendering of microcylinder appearance model under environment lighting
Authors: Iwasaki K. , Mizutani K. , Dobasbi Y. , Nisbita T. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis paper proposes an interactive rendering method of cloth fabrics under environment lighting. The outgoing radiance from cloth fabrics in the microcylinder model is calculated by integrating the product of the distant environment lighting, the visibility function, the weighting function that includes shadowing/masking effects of threads, and the light scattering function of threads. The radiance calculation at each shading point of the cloth fabrics is simplified to a linear combination of triple product integrals of two circular Gaussians and the visibility function, multiplied by precomputed spherical Gaussian convolutions of the weighting function. We propose an efficient calculation method of the triple product of two circular Gaussians and the visibility function by using the gradient of signed distance function to the visibility boundary where the binary visibility changes in the angular domain of the hemisphere. Our GPU implementation enables interactive rendering of static cloth fabrics with dynamic viewpoints and lighting. In addition, interactive editing of parameters for the scattering function (e.g. thread's albedo) that controls the visual appearances of cloth fabrics can be achieved.
Compressing dynamic meshes with geometric laplacians
Authors: Váša L. , Marras S. , Hormann K. , Brunnett G. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis paper addresses the problem of representing dynamic 3D meshes in a compact way, so that they can be stored and transmitted efficiently. We focus on sequences of triangle meshes with shared connectivity, avoiding the necessity of having a skinning structure. Our method first computes an average mesh of the whole sequence in edge shape space. A discrete geometric Laplacian of this average surface is then used to encode the coefficients that describe the trajectories of the mesh vertices. Optionally, a novel spatio‐temporal predictor may be applied to the trajectories to further improve the compression rate. We demonstrate that our approach outperforms the current state of the art in terms of low data rate at a given perceived distortion, as measured by the STED and KG error metrics.
SimSelect: Similarity‐based selection for 3D surfaces
Authors: Guy Emilie , Thiery Jean‐Marc , Boubekeur Tamy 
Published: June 2014

AbstractSurface selection is one of the fundamental interactions in shape modeling. In the case of complex models, this task is often tedious for at least two reasons: firstly the local geometry of a given region may be hard to manually select and needs great accuracy; secondly the selection process may have to be repeated a large number of times for similar regions requiring similar subsequent editing. We propose SimSelect, a new system for interactive selection on 3D surfaces addressing these two issues. We cope with the accuracy issue by classifying selections in different types, namely components, parts and patches for which we independently optimize the selection process. Second, we address the repetitiveness issue by introducing an expansion process based on shape recognition which automatically retrieves potential selections similar to the user‐defined one. As a result, our system provides the user with a compact set of simple interaction primitives providing a smooth select‐and‐edit workflow.
SAFE: Structure‐aware facade editing
Authors: Dang Minh , Ceylan Duygu , Neubert Boris , Pauly Mark 
Published: June 2014

AbstractMany man‐made objects, in particular building facades, exhibit dominant structural relations such as symmetry and regularity. When editing these shapes, a common objective is to preserve these relations. However, often there are numerous plausible editing results that all preserve the desired structural relations of the input, creating ambiguity. We propose an interactive facade editing framework that explores this structural ambiguity. We first analyze the input in a semi‐automatic manner to detect different groupings of the facade elements and the relations among them. We then provide an incremental editing process where a set of variations that preserve the detected relations in a particular grouping are generated at each step. Starting from one input example, our system can quickly generate various facade configurations.
On‐the‐fly generation and rendering of infinite cities on the GPU
Authors: Steinberger Markus , Kenzel Michael , Kainz Bernhard , Wonka Peter , Schmalstieg Dieter 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn this paper, we present a new approach for shape‐grammar‐based generation and rendering of huge cities in real‐time on the graphics processing unit (GPU). Traditional approaches rely on evaluating a shape grammar and storing the geometry produced as a preprocessing step. During rendering, the pregenerated data is then streamed to the GPU. By interweaving generation and rendering, we overcome the problems and limitations of streaming pregenerated data. Using our methods of visibility pruning and adaptive level of detail, we are able to dynamically generate only the geometry needed to render the current view in real‐time directly on the GPU. We also present a robust and efficient way to dynamically update a scene's derivation tree and geometry, enabling us to exploit frame‐to‐frame coherence. Our combined generation and rendering is significantly faster than all previous work. For detailed scenes, we are capable of generating geometry more rapidly than even just copying pregenerated data from main memory, enabling us to render cities with thousands of buildings at up to 100 frames per second, even with the camera moving at supersonic speed.
Dual‐color mixing for fused deposition modeling printers
Authors: Reiner Tim , Carr Nathan , Měch Radomír , Št'ava Ondřej , Dachsbacher Carsten , Miller Gavin 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn this work we detail a method that leverages the two color heads of recent low‐end fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printers to produce continuous tone imagery. The challenge behind producing such two‐tone imagery is how to finely interleave the two colors while minimizing the switching between print heads, making each color printed span as long and continuous as possible to avoid artifacts associated with printing short segments. The key insight behind our work is that by applying small geometric offsets, tone can be varied without the need to switch color print heads within a single layer. We can now effectively print (two‐tone) texture mapped models capturing both geometric and color information in our output 3D prints.
Multi‐style paper pop‐up designs from 3D models
Authors: Ruiz Conrado R. , Le Sang N. , Yu Jinze , Low Kok‐Lim 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPaper pop‐ups are interesting three‐dimensional books that fascinate people of all ages. The design and construction of these pop‐up books however are done manually and require a lot of time and effort. This has led to computer‐assisted or automated tools for designing paper pop‐ups. This paper proposes an approach for automatically converting a 3D model into a multi‐style paper pop‐up. Previous automated approaches have only focused on single‐style pop‐ups, where each is made of a single type of pop‐up mechanisms. In our work, we combine multiple styles in a pop‐up, which is more representative of actual artist's creations. Our method abstracts a 3D model using suitable primitive shapes that both facilitate the formation of the considered pop‐up mechanisms and closely approximate the input model. Each shape is then abstracted using a set of 2D patches that combine to form a valid pop‐up. We define geometric conditions that ensure the validity of the combined pop‐up structures. In addition, our method also employs an image‐based approach for producing the patches to preserve the textures, finer details and important contours of the input model. Finally, our system produces a printable design layout and decides an assembly order for the construction instructions. The feasibility of our results is verified by constructing the actual paper pop‐ups from the designs generated by our system.
Accurate and efficient lighting for skinned models
Authors: Tarini Marco , Panozzo Daniele , Sorkine‐Hornung Olga 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn the context of real‐time, GPU‐based rendering of animated skinned meshes, we propose a new algorithm to compute surface normals with minimal overhead both in terms of the memory footprint and the required per‐vertex operations. By accounting for the variation of the skinning weights over the surface, we achieve a higher visual quality compared to the standard approximation ubiquitously used in video‐game engines and other real‐time applications. Our method supports Linear Blend Skinning and Dual Quaternion Skinning. We demonstrate the advantages of our technique on a variety of datasets and provide a complete open‐source implementation, including GLSL shaders.
Deformation with enforced metrics on length, area and volume
Authors: Jin Shuo , Zhang Yunbo , C.L. Wang Charlie 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTechniques have been developed to deform a mesh with multiple types of constraints. One limitation of prior methods is that the accuracy of demanded metrics on the resultant model cannot be guaranteed. Adding metrics directly as hard constraints to an optimization functional often leads to unexpected distortion when target metrics differ significant from what are on the input model. In this paper, we present an effective framework to deform mesh models by enforcing demanded metrics on length area and volume. To approach target metrics stably and minimize distortion, an iterative scale‐driven deformation is investigated, and a global optimization functional is exploited to balance the scaling effect at different parts of a model. Examples demonstrate that our approach provides a user‐friendly tool for designers who are used to semantic input.