bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical trials involving cats
Authors: Gruen Margaret E , Jiamachello Katrina N , Thomson Andrea , Lascelles B Duncan X 
Published: June 2014

Study rationale: Clinical trials are frequently hindered by difficulties in recruiting eligible participants, increasing the timeline and limiting generalizability of results. In veterinary medicine, where proxy enrollment is required, no studies have detailed what factors influence owner participation in clinical trials involving cats. We aimed to investigate these factors through a survey of owners at first opinion practices. Protocol: The survey was designed using feedback from a pilot study and input from clinical researchers. Owners were asked demographic questions and whether they would, would not, or were unsure about participating in a clinical trial with their cat. They then ranked the importance and influence of various factors on participation using a five-point Likert-type scale, and incentives from most to least encouraging. A total of 413 surveys were distributed to cat owners at four hospitals, two feline-only and two multi-species; 88.6% were completed. Data for importance and influence factors as well as incentive rankings were analyzed overall, and by hospital type, location and whether owners would consider participating. Findings: The most influential factors were trust in the organization, benefit to the cat and veterinarian recommendation. Importance and influence factors varied by willingness to participate. Ranked incentives were not significantly different across groups, with ‘Free Services’ ranked highest. Relevance: This study provides a first look at what factors influence participation in clinical trials with cats. Given the importance placed in the recommendation of veterinarians, continued work is needed to determine veterinarian-related factors affecting clinical trial participation. The results provide guidance towards improved clinical trial design, promotion and education.
In vitro enhancement of dendritic cell-mediated anti-glioma immune response by graphene oxide
Authors: Wang Wei , Li Zhongjun , Duan Jinhong , Wang Chen , Fang Ying , Yang Xian-Da 
Published: June 2014

AbstractMalignant glioma has extremely poor prognosis despite combination treatments with surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy may potentially serve as an adjuvant treatment of glioma, but its efficacy generally needs further improvement. Here we explored whether graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets could modulate the DC-mediated anti-glioma immune responsein vitro, using the T98G human glioma cell line as the study model. Pulsing DCs with a glioma peptide antigen (Ag) generated a limited anti-glioma response compared to un-pulsed DCs. Pulsing DCs with GO alone failed to produce obvious immune modulation effects. However, stimulating DCs with a mixture of GO and Ag (GO-Ag) significantly enhanced the anti-glioma immune reaction (p < 0.05). The secretion of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) by the lymphocytes was also markedly boosted by GO-Ag. Additionally, the anti-glioma immune response induced by GO-Ag appeared to be target-specific. Furthermore, at the concentration used in this study, GO exhibited a negligible effect on the viability of the DCs. These results suggested that GO might have potential utility for boosting a DC-mediated anti-glioma immune response.
Descending Controls Modulate Inflammatory Joint Pain and Regulate CXC Chemokine and iNOS Expression in the Dorsal Horn
Authors: Carr Fiona B , Géranten Sandrine M , Hunt Stephen P 
Published: June 2014

Background: Descending control of nociceptive processing, by pathways originating in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) and terminating in the dorsal horn, contributes to behavioural hypersensitivity in a number of pain models. Two facilitatory pathways have been identified and are characterized by serotonin (5-HT) content or expression of the mu opiate receptor. Here we investigated the contribution of these pathways to inflammatory joint pain behaviour and gene expression changes in the dorsal horn. Results: Selective lesion of the descending serotonergic (5-HT) pathway by prior intrathecal administration of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine attenuated hypersensitivity at early time points following ankle injection of CFA. In a separate study ablation of the mu opioid receptor expressing (MOR+) cells of the RVM, by microinjection of the toxin dermorphin-saporin, resulted in a more prolonged attenuation of hypersensitivity post CFA. Microarray analysis was carried out to identify changes in dorsal horn gene expression associated with descending facilitation by the MOR+ pathway at 7d post joint inflammation. This analysis led to the identification of a number of genes including the chemokines Cxcl9 and Cxcl10, their common receptor Cxcr3, and the proinflammatory gene Nos2 (inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS). Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that joint pain behaviour is dependent in part on descending facilitation via the RVM, and identify a novel pathway driving CXC chemokine and iNOS expression in the dorsal horn.
Renal recovery after acute kidney injury: choice of initial renal replacement therapy modality still matters
Authors: Schneider Antoine G , Bagshaw Sean M 
Published: June 2014

AbstractRenal replacement therapy can be applied either in an intermittent fashion or in a continuous fashion in severe acute kidney injury. To date, no modality has been shown to consistently improve patient survival. In the study recently reported by Sun and colleagues, continuous application of renal replacement therapy was associated with improved renal recovery, defined by lower risk of long-term need for chronic dialysis therapy. This association between nonrecovery and intermittent renal replacement therapy may be explained by a higher rate of hypotensive episodes and the lower capacity for fluid removal during the first 72 hours of therapy. Altogether, this study adds to the growing body of evidence to suggest improved likelihood of recovery of kidney function in critically ill survivors of AKI with continuous modalities for renal replacement therapy.
Diabetes impairs the angiogenic potential of adipose-derived stem cells by selectively depleting cellular subpopulations
Authors: Rennert Robert C , Sorkin Michael , Januszyk Michael , Duscher Dominik , Kosaraju Revanth , Chung Michael T , Lennon James , Radiya-Dixit Anika , Raghvendra Shubha , Maan Zeshaan N , Hu Michael S , Rajadas Jayakumar , Rodrigues Melanie , Gurtner Geoffrey C 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Pathophysiologic changes associated with diabetes impair new blood vessel formation and wound healing. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (ASCs) have been used clinically to promote healing, although it remains unclear whether diabetes impairs their functional and therapeutic capacity.

Methods
In this study, we examined the impact of diabetes on the murine ASC niche as well as on the potential of isolated cells to promote neovascularization in vitro and in vivo. A novel single-cell analytical approach was used to interrogate ASC heterogeneity and subpopulation dynamics in this pathologic setting.

Results
Our results demonstrate that diabetes alters the ASC niche in situ and that diabetic ASCs are compromised in their ability to establish a vascular network both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, these diabetic cells were ineffective in promoting soft tissue neovascularization and wound healing. Single-cell transcriptional analysis identified a subpopulation of cells which was diminished in both type 1 and type 2 models of diabetes. These cells were characterized by the high expression of genes known to be important for new blood vessel growth.

Conclusions
Perturbations in specific cellular subpopulations, visible only on a single-cell level, represent a previously unreported mechanism for the dysfunction of diabetic ASCs. These data suggest that the utility of autologous ASCs for cell-based therapies in patients with diabetes may be limited and that interventions to improve cell function before application are warranted.
Phosphorylation of nucleoporin Tpr governs its differential localization and is required for its mitotic function
Authors: Rajanala Kalpana , Sarkar Anshuk , Jhingan Gagan Deep , Priyadarshini Raina , Jalan Manisha , Sengupta Sagar , Nandicoori Vinay Kumar 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT
A major constituent of the nuclear basket region of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), nucleoporin Tpr, plays roles in regulating multiple important processes. We have previously established that Tpr is phosphorylated in both a MAP-kinase-dependent and MAP-kinase-independent manner, and that Tpr acts as both a substrate and as a scaffold for ERK2 (also known as MAPK1). Here, we report the identification of S2059 and S2094 as the major novel ERK-independent phosphorylation sites and T1677, S2020, S2023 and S2034 as additional ERK-independent phosphorylation sites found in the Tpr protein in vivo. Our results suggest that protein kinase A phosphorylates the S2094 residue and that the site is hyperphosphorylated during mitosis. Furthermore, we find that Tpr is phosphorylated at the S2059 residue by CDK1 and the phosphorylated form distinctly localizes with chromatin during telophase. Abrogation of S2059 phosphorylation abolishes the interaction of Tpr with Mad1, thus compromising the localization of both Mad1 and Mad2 proteins, resulting in cell cycle defects. The identification of novel phosphorylation sites on Tpr and the observations presented in this study allow better understanding of Tpr functions.
Who’s “The King of Cuckooz”? Maps and Mapping in Kenneth Slessor’s Poetic Sequence The Atlas, Part I
Authors: Haft Adele J 
Published: June 2014

“The King of Cuckooz” by the acclaimed Australian poet Kenneth Slessor opensthe five-poem sequence The Atlas as well as Cuckooz Contrey (1932), the collection in which it debuted. Like each of The Atlas poems, “The King of Cuckooz” begins with a quote from a prominent seventeenth-century map-maker; in this case, Robert Norton (d. 1635)—the English engineer, gunner, writer, and surveyor. Slessor not only alludes to Norton’s 1620 plan of Algiers throughout the poem, but imagines his narrator assuming Norton’s (highly fictionalized) persona. This article, part of the first full-scale examination of Slessor’s ambitious but poorly understood sequence, begins by considering what critics have said about “The King of Cuckooz,” traces its development in Slessor’s poetry notebook, and details the complex relationships between his poem, Norton’s map, and a particularly lyrical description of that map in an ephemeral catalogue of atlases and maps. Slessor modeled his King of Cuckooz on Barbarossa/Kheir-ed-din (ca. 1478–1546), Algiers’ most charismatic corsair and pasha. But what Norton meant by “The Kingof Cuckooz Contrey” eluded Slessor. By focusing on Norton’s participation in the British expedition against Algiers (1620–1621), tracking down memoirs of foreign officials and former captives in Ottoman Algiers, scouring old maps for “Cuckooz,”and cobbling together the astonishing exploits of the Berber Kingdom of Koukou/Cucco through Norton’s day and beyond—my paper will make the “unknown” known in its strangely poetic reality.
On the normal sheaf of determinantal varieties
Authors: Kleppe Jan O. , Miró-Roig Rosa M. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Let X be a standard determinantal scheme

X
⊂

ℙ
n

${X\subset\mathbb{P}^{n}}$

of codimension c, i.e. a scheme defined by the maximal minors of a

t
×

(

t
+
c

-
1

)

$t\times(t+c-1)$

homogeneous polynomial matrix

𝒜

${\mathcal{A}}$

. In this paper, we study the main features of its normal sheaf

𝒩
X

${{\mathcal{N}}_{X}}$

. We prove that under some mild restrictions: (1) there exists a line bundle

ℒ

${\mathcal{L}}$

on

X
∖

Sing
⁢

(
X
)

${X\setminus\mathrm{Sing}(X)}$

such that

𝒩
X

⊗
ℒ

${{\mathcal{N}}_{X}\otimes\mathcal{L}}$

is arithmetically Cohen–Macaulay and, even more, it is Ulrich whenever the entries of

𝒜

${\mathcal{A}}$

are linear forms, (2)

𝒩
X

${{\mathcal{N}}_{X}}$

is simple (hence, indecomposable) and, finally, (3)

𝒩
X

${{\mathcal{N}}_{X}}$

is μ-(semi)stable provided the entries of

𝒜

${\mathcal{A}}$

are linear forms.
Polyaminoamide dendrimers surface-modified with anionic terminal groups for use as calcium carbonate scale inhibitors
Authors: Chen Fu , Wu Keying , Liu Yangyang , Huang Huaping , He Kunyi 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Polyaminoamide dendrimers (PAMAM) surface-modified with anionic terminal groups (PIY) for use as scale inhibitors were prepared with the fourth-generation PAMAM and sodium acrylate (SAA), via the Michael addition reaction. The chemical structures of PIY were determined using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. The influence of scale inhibitor concentration, Ca2+ concentration and bath temperature on the scale inhibition efficiency was researched. The study results signified that PIY can resist calcium carbonate scale as high as 92.8%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that amorphous calcium carbonate had generated in the presence of PIY dendrimers.
Preparation of Waveguide Polymer and its Simulation Study of Thermo-Optic Switch at the Infrared Communication Wavelength 1.55 μm
Authors: Wu Guangyu , Wang Haibo 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In the current work, a novel benzothiazole waveguide polymer
consisting of azo chromophore molecule
2 -[4'-(N, N-hydroxyethyl)-amino-phenyl azo]-6-nitrobenzothiazole
(HEPNBT) was prepared for the simulation of thermo-optic switch at the
infrared communication wavelength 1.55 μm. The
thermal property of ABHEPU was measured using the differential
scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The
glass transition temperature (T

g
) and decomposition temperature
(T

d
) at 5% mass loss are 110 ℃ and
266 ℃, respectively. The refractive indices of
ABHEPU waveguide polymer were determined at different wavelength
(532 nm, 650 nm or 850 nm) and
temperature using attenuated total reflection (ATR) technique. The
transmission loss, dispersion curves and Sellmyer coefficients of
ABHEPU polymer were investigated from CCD digital imaging devices and
Sellmyer equation, respectively. Polymeric 1 × 2 and
Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) thermo-optic switches based on the
ABHEPU as waveguide material at the infrared communication wavelength
1.55 μm were designed and simulated. Simulation
results with FD-BPM method showed that the power consumption of
1 × 2 thermo-optic switch is only 0.58 mW; and the
response times of 1 × 2 and MZI switches are 12 ms
and 3.0 ms for the designed device. The switching time of
the prepared ABHEPU polymer is much shorter than that of silica
substrate.
Thermal and Electrical Transport Properties of Sheared and Un-Sheared Thin-Film Polymer/CNTs Nanocomposites
Authors: Kalakonda Parvathalu , Georgiev Georgi Y. , Cabrera Yaniel , Judith Robert , Iannacchione Germano S. , Cebe Peggy 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTTransport properties have been measured transverse to the plane of sheared and un-sheared thin-film nanocomposites of isotactic Polypropylene (iPP) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) at various MWCNT concentrations. The sheared samples were processed in the melt at 200 0C at 1 Hz in a Linkan microscope shearing hot stage. The thermal and electrical conductivity measurements were performed on the same cell arrangement with the transport perpendicular to the thin-film plane using a DC method. The thermal and electrical conductivity perpendicular to the surface of the films are higher for the un-sheared as compared to the sheared samples. Interestingly, the percolation threshold appears smeared in both conductivity measurements likely due to pressing and shear treatment of the films, or the spacing between the data points. Important for electronics packaging and materials for which those anisotropic properties are highly desired this work presents important advances in understanding the structure-transport property relations.
Electro-Chemo-Mechanical Modeling of the Artery Myogenic Response
Authors: Li Yali , Goulbourne Nakhiah 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTActive contraction of smooth muscle results in the myogenic response and vasomotion of arteries, which adjusts the blood flow and nutrient supply of the organism. It involves coupled electrobiochemical and chemomechanical processes. This paper presents a new constitutive model to describe the myogenic response of the artery wall under different transmural pressures. The model includes two major components: a cell-level model for the electrobiochemical process, and a tissue-level model for the chemomechanical coupling. The electrochemical model is a lumped Hodgkin-Huxley-type cell membrane model for the nanoscopic ionic currents: calcium, sodium, and potassium. The calculated calcium concentration serves as input for the chemomechanical portion of the model; its molecular binding and the reactions with other enzymes cause the relative sliding of thin and thick filaments of the contractile unit. In the chemomechanical model, a new nonlinear viscoelastic model is introduced to describe the time varying behavior of the smooth muscle. Specifically, this model captures the filament overlap effect, active stress evolution, initial velocity, and elastic recoil in the media layer. Using the proposed constitutive model and a thin-walled equilibrium equation, the myogenic response is calculated for different transmural pressures. The integrated model is able to capture the pressure-diameter relationship incorporating fewer parameters than previous work and with clear physical meanings.
Prospects for dielectric constant reduction in integrated circuits interconnects
Authors: Darnon Maxime , Posseme Nicolas , Chevolleau Thierry , David Thibaut L. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTTo improve the integrated circuits’ performance and continue the downscaling of dimensions, it is necessary to use low dielectric constant materials as interconnects insulators. Current porous SiCOH low-k dielectrics are now reaching their limits since their porosity enables the diffusion of species that modify the inner surface of the pores. To further reduce the dielectric constant, it is necessary to change paradigm in interconnects fabrication. In this paper, we discuss the most promising innovations in terms of process, materials and architectures to reduce the interconnects insulators dielectric constant.
Fabrication of Coaxial and Triaxial Atomic Force Microscope Imaging Probes
Authors: Brown Keith A. , Westervelt Robert M. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTHerein, we detail the fabrication of atomic force microscope (AFM) probes that have two and three coaxial electrodes at their tips. This fabrication strategy leverages the availability of conductive AFM probes and encompasses a general method for processing their complex and delicate structure through the deposition of insulating and conductive layers by shadow masked chemical and physical vapor deposition, respectively. Focused ion beam milling is used to expose the two electrode (coaxial) or three electrode (triaxial) structures at the tip of the AFM probe. Finally, we discuss new imaging modalities enabled by these probes including electrically-driven contact resonance imaging for nanoscale mechanical characterization, imaging the local dielectric constant by quantifying the dielectrophoretic force, and trapping functional particles at the tip of a probe using dielectrophoresis. These imaging techniques illustrate the generality and utility of this fabrication approach and suggest that such probes could be widely applied to image many nanoscale materials.
Ant Colony Optimization for Data Acquisition Mission Planning
Authors: Colmenares Giancarlo , Halal Fadi , Zaremba Marek B. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The probabilistic Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) approach is presented to solve the problem of designing an optimal trajectory for a mobile data acquisition platform. An ACO algorithm optimizes an objective function defined in terms of the value of the acquired data samples subject to different sets of constraints depending on the current data acquisition strategy. The analysis presented in this paper focuses on an environment monitoring system, which acquires in-situ data for precise calibration of a water quality monitoring system. The value of the sample is determined based on the concentration of the water pollutant, which in turn is obtained through processing of multi-spectral satellite imagery. Since our problem is defined in a continuous space of coordinates, and in some strategies each point is able to connect to any other point in the space, we adopted a hybrid model that involves a connection graph and also a spatial grid.
The pursuit of evidence-based practice: Comparisons of three guidelines on psychosocial interventions for alcohol problems
Authors: Bergmark Anders , Skogens Lisa , Von Greiff Ninive 
Published: June 2014

Aims In this article we scrutinise three prominent guidelines on psychosocial interventions for alcohol problems. We pay special attention to how congruent the guidelines are in terms of the interventions recommended, and the processes used in order to identify and rank the “evidence” underpinning these recommendations. Data The analysed guidelines are: 1) Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients with Substance Use Disorders, American Psychiatric Association (2006); 2) Alcohol-Use Disorders. The NICE Guideline on Diagnosis, Assessment and Management of Harmful Drinking and Alcohol Dependence (2011), National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, UK; 3) Guidelines for the Treatment of Alcohol Problems, Australian Government, Department of Health and Ageing (2009). The purpose is not to review the three guidelines as such, but to study them as an example of the production of evidence. All report to be based on “best available evidence”, so the guidelines were compared both regarding the actual recommendations and the guideline production procedures and differences in these procedures with related consequences. Results & CONCLUSIONS Prestigious organisations in different national contexts have reached divergent conclusions about evidence-based practice and the quality of the scientific studies underpinning these conclusions. Differences in the guidelines regarding interpretations, limitations and grading illustrate the difficulties with the dilemmas of sensitivity (to include factors that are significant for how a psychological intervention is to be judged) and specificity (that irrelevant studies are cleared off) in the recommendations presented.