bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elderly abuse: Suffering in silence - who is listening? Some concern for social work practices
Authors: Singh Avtar , Duggal Akshi , Singh Ravinder , K. Talwar Upmesh 
Published: April 2015

Paper highlights basic concepts of elder abuses and raises relevant issues concerning problems of elderly, which must be listened with utmost care. None of us claim convincingly that what is an extent of older personâ€™s problems and what is the appropriate solution. It is only possible through a caring unit of society, the family, if restructured on the values and reframing the sensitivity among kins n kieth. Then elderly people may get a meaningful relationship among the family of genitor and extended family of procreator â€“ younger children and their families. Otherwise their suffering, though how difficult or simple may, would continue as such, despite best economical resources, plans and programmes existing for them. Legal provisions to do exist to safeguard elderly people in family situations, butÂ they are neither aware nor their progeny for caring them in extended families. Do we hear them or spend quality time as married sons or daughters, daughter in laws? Do our children spend time with grandfather? Or do we not leave them to alone with their suffering in silence? Overall in last, we do not have enough time to listen their problems-being alone, emotional disturbances, etc., and they remain to suffer in silences.
Analysis of Internal Cracks in Continuous Casting Slabs with Soft Reduction
Authors: Wang Bo , Zhang Jiongming , Xiao Chao , Wang Shunxi , Song Wei 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe formation of internal cracks in continuous casting slabs is mainly attributed to the strain status and microsegregation near the solidifying front of the slabs. By analyzing the internal cracks of medium carbon microalloy steel, the obtained conclusions are that C, P, S, etc. enrich in dendrites and exist in grain boundaries, but these are just the internal causes, and the root cracking causes the tensile stress of solidification front. When the slab passes through the straightening segments, the liquid core thickness is large, and the liquid steel in the space of columnar crystals is not completely frozen. Therefore, the reduction effect of rollers results in the strain of solidification front exceeding the critical value. However, the corresponding strain in the arc and horizontal segments does not exceed this critical value, so the solidification front in the straightening segments would be much easy to crack. The statistics analysis shows that after soft reduction and straightening process are separately carried out, the occurrence rate of intermediate cracks is reduced by 41.3%.
Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of stems of Smilax zeylanica in vitro
Authors: Uddin Mohammad Nasir , Ahmed Taksim , Pathan Sanzida , Al-Amin Md. Mamun , Rana Md. Sohel 
Published: April 2015

Abstract

Background: Plant-derived phytochemicals consisting of phenols and flavonoids possess antioxidant properties, eventually rendering a lucrative tool to scavenge reactive oxygen species. This study was carried out to evaluate in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of methanolic extract and petroleum ether extracts of Smilax zeylanica L. stems.

Methods: Phytochemical screening was done following standard procedures. Antioxidant activity was tested using several in vitro assays, viz., 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, NO assay, H2O2 assay, CUPRAC assay, FRAP assay and total antioxidant capacity assay. Total phenol and flavonoid contents were determined by colorimetric method. Brine shrimp lethality and MTT cell viability assays were used for cytotoxic potential.

Results: Preliminary phytochemical study revealed the presence of flavonoids and glycosides in both extracts. Methanolic extract was found to possess stronger antioxidant potential than petroleum ether extracts in all assays. The IC50 value of methanolic extract was 29.14±0.39 μg/mL, 120.30±3.32 μg/mL and 78.41±5.53 μg/mL in DPPH assay, NO assay and H2O2 assay, respectively. Likewise, total phenol [56.78 mg/g gallic acid (GAE)] and flovonoid [125.69 mg/g quercetin equivalents (QE)] were higher in methanolic extract. In cytotoxicity assays, petroleum ether extract showed stronger activity in both brine shrimp lethality (LC50 2.85±0.13 μg/mL) and MTT cell viability assay (IC50 15.49±1.18 μg/mL).

Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that methanolic extracts could be considered as potential sources of natural antioxidant, whereas petroleum ether extracts could be explored for promising anticancer molecules.
Phytoplankton-based recovery requirement for urban lakes in the implementation of the Water Framework Directive’s ecological targets
Authors: Napiórkowska-Krzebietke Agnieszka , Dunalska Julita 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This study focused on the determination of the phytoplankton-based recovery requirement, including bloom intensity thresholds in human-affected lakes, helpful in the restoration. The phytoplankton and physicochemical analyses were carried out on seven urban lakes in Kartuzy and Skępe. The Phytoplankton Metric for Polish Lakes was used to assess the ecological status and the Trophic Level Index was used to determine the trophic state. Only one lake had a good ecological status (meeting the WFD requirements for at least good status), whereas other lakes had poor or bad ecological status. All of them were eutrophic or hyper-eutrophic and the summer phytoplankton assemblages were dominated mainly by bloomforming cyanobacteria. The lowest phytoplankton bloom threshold of 2.6 mm3 l-1 (seasonal maximum) and the following thresholds of 5 mm3 l-1 for classes I/II; 8 mm3 l-1 for classes II/III; 21 mm3 l-1 for classes III/IV; 100 mm3 l-1 for classes IV/V were proposed for urban lakes. This could directly refer to the bloom intensity for high, good, moderate, poor and bad ecological status. This all indicates a huge recovery requirement in the majority of urban lakes, and the proposed bloom intensity classification may be helpful in fulfilling the WFD targets for the ecologicallyrelevant lake status.
NeurosporaHeterokaryons with Complementary Duplications and Deficiencies in Their Constituent Nuclei Provide an Approach to Identify Nucleus-Limited Genes
Authors: Giri Dev Ashish , Rekha S , Kasbekar Durgadas P 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIntrogression is the transfer of genes or genomic regions from one species into another via hybridization and back-crosses. We have introgressed four translocations (EB4, IBj5, UK14-1, and B362i) from Neurospora crassa into N. tetrasperma. This enabled us to construct two general types of heterokaryons with mat-A and mat-a nuclei of different genotypes: one type is [T + N] (with one translocation nucleus and one normal sequence nucleus), and the other is [Dp + Df] (with one nucleus carrying a duplication of the translocation region and the other being deleted for the translocation region). Self-crossing these heterokaryons again produced [T + N] and [Dp + Df] progeny. From conidia (vegetative spores) produced by the heterokaryotic mycelia, we obtained self-fertile (heterokaryotic) and self-sterile (homokaryotic) derivative strains. [T + N] heterokaryons produced homokaryotic conidial derivatives of both mating types, but [Dp + Df] heterokaryons produced viable conidial homokaryons of only the mating type of the Dp nucleus. All four [T + N] heterokaryons and three [Dp + Df] heterokaryons produced both self-sterile and self-fertile conidial derivatives, but the [Dp(B362i) + Df(B362i)] heterokaryons produced only self-sterile ones. Conceivably, the Df(B362i) nuclei may be deleted for a nucleus-limited gene required for efficient mitosis or nuclear division, and whose deficit is not complemented by the neighboring Dp(B362i) nuclei. A cross involving Dp(EB4) showed repeat-induced point mutation (RIP). Because RIP can occur in self-crosses of [Dp + Df] but not [T + N] heterokaryons, RIP alteration of a translocated segment would depend on the relative numbers of [Dp + Df] vs. [T + N] ancestors.
Successful use of Kinesio tape to treat an acute muscle haematoma
Authors: Hopper David 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
A 73-year-old woman presented with recent onset significant spontaneous bruising. She also had a recent diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and was undergoing investigations for biochemical hyperthyroidism. A diagnosis of acquired haemophilia A was confirmed with laboratory testing in addition to thyrotoxic Graves’ disease. She had significant bruising of her left thigh and restricted mobility of the left leg. A significant left vastus lateralis haematoma was diagnosed by ultrasound scan. A course of FEIBA (Factor Eight Inhibitor Bypassing Activity) was commenced and physiotherapy input provided. Kinesio tape was applied to the thigh using a lymphatic drainage technique with the aim of reducing swelling and bruising. Eight days after the initial application of tape, bruising had significantly reduced and her range of movement had returned to normal. This case history demonstrates how kinesio tape may be used as a useful adjunct to standard therapy.
Health-related quality of life of partners of adults with haemophilia
Authors: Mackensen Sylvia von , Lindvall Karin , Elmståhl Sölve , Berntorp Erik 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in haemophilia is important in order to provide information for clinical decision-making and to verify the impact of haemophilia on patients and their partners. A crosssectional single-centre study was performed to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and burden of the disease on partners of adult patients with haemophilia. Self-reported outcomes were completed by partners and patients (SF-36, VAS of Interference); partners also completed the Caregivers’ Burden Scale. A total of 108 of 150 eligible partners of adults with haemophilia (72%) participated. Mean age for partners was 44.7 years (range 20-79) and for patients 47.1 years (range 20-81). The majority of couples were married (65.7%). Couples reported being together a mean of 19.8 years and had, on average, 1.7 children. Partners of haemophilia patients across all severities reported lower HRQoL in the ‘emotional role’ domain of SF-36 (P=<0.041), with highest impairments observed among partners of moderately affected patients. Partners reported significantly less interference with daily life compared to patients (P<0.001). In general, partners reported low burden of haemophilia in the Caregivers’ Burden Scale; ‘emotional involvement’ was the greatest burden in the mild and moderate group; while in the severe group ‘general strain’ was the greatest burden. Partners of severe haemophilia patients on prophylaxis reported, in general, good HRQoL and low burden of the disease. Partners of moderate patients reported decreased HRQoL and higher burden. Our findings may be of importance for the care of the ageing person with haemophilia (PWH).
Infer, Predict, and Assure: Accounting Opportunities in Data Analytics
Authors: Schneider Gary P. , Dai Jun , Janvrin Diane J. , Ajayi Kemi , Raschke Robyn L. 
Published: April 2015

SYNOPSIS
The business use of data analytics is growing rapidly in the accounting environment. Similar to many new systems that involve accounting information, data analytics has fundamentally changed task processes, particularly those tasks that provide inference, prediction, and assurance to decision-makers. Thus, accounting researchers and practitioners must consider data analytics and its impact on accounting practice in their work. This paper uses the organizing principles from Mauldin and Ruchala's (1999) meta-theory of accounting information systems (AIS) to identify current data analytics use, examine how data analytics impacts the accounting environment, and discuss challenges and research opportunities.
Thrust Joint Manipulation Curricula in First-Professional Physical Therapy Education: 2012 Update
Authors: Noteboom J. Timothy , Little Christian , Boissonnault William 
Published: April 2015

Study Design Descriptive online observational survey. Objectives To identify the extent of thrust joint manipulation (TJM) integration into first-professional physical therapy program curricula. Background The most recent survey of TJM curricula was published in 2004, with a wide variation in faculty responses noted. Since that time, faculty resources have been developed and TJM language in “A Normative Model of Physical Therapist Professional Education” from the American Physical Therapy Association has been updated, leaving the current status of TJM education in curricula unknown. Methods Faculty from 205 accredited physical therapy programs were invited to participate in an anonymous 35-item electronic survey during the summer of 2012. Results Seventy-two percent of programs responded to the survey, with 99% of programs teaching TJM and 97% of faculty believing TJM to be an entry-level skill. Cervical spine TJM is still being taught at a lower rate than techniques for other body regions. Faculty deemed 91% and 77% of students, respectively, at or above entry-level competency for implementing TJM in their clinical practice upon graduation. Most respondents indicated that increased utilization of TJM during clinical affiliations (78%) and lab hours (78%) would be beneficial to the student's knowledge/application of TJM. Conclusion The utilization of TJM and faculty perceptions in first-professional physical therapy programs in the United States have evolved over the past decade. With TJM content more fully integrated into educational curricula, programs can now look to refine teaching strategies that enhance learning outcomes. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(6):471–476. Epub 21 Apr 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.5273
Impact of Surgical Excision of Deep Infiltrating Bowel Endometriosis on Health-Related Quality of Life: Review of Current Literature
Authors: Arendas Kristina , Foster Warren G. , Leyland Nicholas A. 
Published: April 2015

Background The aim of this study was to systematically review the impact of surgical excision of deep infiltrating endometriosis involving the bowel, on health-related quality of life, based on the currently available literature. Methods A systematic review was completed of English-language publications in the last 10 years, which had assessed the impact of surgical excision on quality of life in patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis of the bowel using standardized, validated quality-of-life questionnaires. Results Fourteen studies were identified. Standardized questionnaires used to assess the therapeutic impact on quality of life were the SF-36, SF-12, EHP-30, EQ-5D and 15D. Overall, women with bowel endometriosis scored lower on quality-of-life measures than the general population. Regardless of which standardized, validated questionnaire was used, surgical treatment had a positive impact on health-related quality of life. Conclusions Endometriosis, in particular deep infiltrating endometriosis of the bowel, has a profound impact on the quality of life of women diagnosed with the condition. Though surgical excision has a positive short-term impact, studies are needed to assess the long-term impact on quality of life in this lifelong, chronic, recurring condition.
Décisions policières sous la Loi sur le système de justice pénale pour les adolescents. L’influence du sexe et de l’apparence ethnique1
Authors: Faubert2 Camille , Montmagny Grenier Catherine , Boivin Rémi 
Published: April 2015

La question du profilage est régulièrement soulevée lorsqu’il est question d’intervention policière. Plusieurs analyses ont en effet conclu que certains groupes de personnes, comme les Noirs et les hommes, étaient surreprésentés parmi les individus arrêtés ou interpellés par la police. Les travaux de Steffensmeier et ses collègues ont démontré que la situation pouvait être encore plus complexe : ils ont proposé que certaines caractéristiques individuelles interagissent entre elles et que leur effet sur la sévérité des acteurs du système judiciaire soit multiplicatif plutôt qu’additif. Cette étude vise à tester l’effet d’interaction entre le sexe et l’origine ethnique, deux composantes visibles de l’identité d’un individu. Plus spécifiquement, l’étude porte sur la décision de recourir à des mesures extrajudiciaires à l’endroit d’adolescents ayant commis des vols simples de moins de 200 dollars dans une grande ville canadienne, comme le permet laLoi sur le système de justice pénale pour les adolescents(LSJPA) (n = 1647 décisions). Les résultats indiquent que les garçons non blancs sont de 1,7 à 2,0 fois moins susceptibles que les autres de bénéficier de mesures extrajudiciaires, à infraction similaire. Les trois autres groupes (garçons blancs, filles blanches, filles non blanches) ne se distinguent pas entre eux. En conclusion, l’analyse suggère que ces pratiques ne découleraient pas tant de la malveillance des policiers que de directives favorisant l’arrestation d’une plus grande proportion de garçons non blancs.
RACORO continental boundary layer cloud investigations: 1. Case study development and ensemble large‐scale forcings
Authors: Vogelmann Andrew M. , Fridlind Ann M. , Toto Tami , Endo Satoshi , Lin Wuyin , Wang Jian , Feng Sha , Zhang Yunyan , Turner David D. , Liu Yangang , Li Zhijin , Xie Shaocheng , Ackerman Andrew S. , Zhang Minghua , Khairoutdinov Marat 
Published: April 2015

AbstractObservation‐based modeling case studies of continental boundary layer clouds have been developed to study cloudy boundary layers, aerosol influences upon them, and their representation in cloud‐ and global‐scale models. Three 60 h case study periods span the temporal evolution of cumulus, stratiform, and drizzling boundary layer cloud systems, representing mixed and transitional states rather than idealized or canonical cases. Based on in situ measurements from the Routine AAF (Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Aerial Facility) CLOWD (Clouds with Low Optical Water Depth) Optical Radiative Observations (RACORO) field campaign and remote sensing observations, the cases are designed with a modular configuration to simplify use in large‐eddy simulations (LES) and single‐column models. Aircraft measurements of aerosol number size distribution are fit to lognormal functions for concise representation in models. Values of the aerosol hygroscopicity parameter, κ, are derived from observations to be ~0.10, which are lower than the 0.3 typical over continents and suggestive of a large aerosol organic fraction. Ensemble large‐scale forcing data sets are derived from the ARM variational analysis, European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts, and a multiscale data assimilation system. The forcings are assessed through comparison of measured bulk atmospheric and cloud properties to those computed in “trial” large‐eddy simulations, where more efficient run times are enabled through modest reductions in grid resolution and domain size compared to the full‐sized LES grid. Simulations capture many of the general features observed, but the state‐of‐the‐art forcings were limited at representing details of cloud onset, and tight gradients and high‐resolution transients of importance. Methods for improving the initial conditions and forcings are discussed. The cases developed are available to the general modeling community for studying continental boundary clouds.
Recovery of secular deformation field of Mojave Shear Zone in Southern California from historical terrestrial and GPS measurements
Authors: Liu Shaozhuo , Shen Zheng‐Kang , Bürgmann Roland 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe 1992 Mw 7.3 Landers and 1999 Mw 7.1 Hector Mine earthquakes struck the Eastern California Shear Zone (ECSZ) in the Mojave Desert, Southern California. Coseismic and postseismic deformation from these events affect efforts to use Global Positioning System (GPS) observations collected since these events to establish a secular surface velocity field, especially in the near field of the coseismic ruptures. We devise block motion models constrained by both historical pre‐Landers triangulation and trilateration observations and post‐Landers GPS measurements to recover the secular deformation field and differentiate the postseismic transients in the Mojave region. Postseismic transients are found to remain in the Southern California Earthquake Center Crustal Motion Map Version 4, Plate Boundary Observatory, and Scripps Orbit and Permanent Array Center GPS velocity solutions in the form of 2–3 mm/yr excess right‐lateral shear across the Landers and Hector Mine coseismic ruptures. The cumulative deformation rate across the Mojave ECSZ is 13.2–14.4 mm/yr, at least twice the geologic rate since the late Pleistocene (≤6.2 ± 1.9 mm/yr). Postseismic GPS time series based on our secular velocity field reveal enduring late‐stage transient motions in the near field of the coseismic ruptures that provide new constraints on the rheological structure of the lower crust and upper mantle.
An improved space‐time ETAS model for inverting the rupture geometry from seismicity triggering
Authors: Guo Yicun , Zhuang Jiancang , Zhou Shiyong 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis study incorporates the rupture geometry of big earthquakes in the formulation of the Epidemic‐Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model, which is a point process model widely applied in the study of spatiotemporal seismicity, rather than regarding every earthquake occurring at a point in space and time. We apply the new model to the catalog from Sichuan province, China, between 1990 and 2013, during which the WenchuanMw7.9 earthquake occurred in May 2008. Our results show that the modified model has better performance in both data fitting and aftershock simulation, confirming that the elliptic aftershock zone is caused by the superposition of the isotropic triggering effect from each patch of the rupture zone. Moreover, using the technique of stochastic reconstruction, we inverted the fault geometry and verified that direct aftershocks of the main shock more likely occur in the transitive parts from high‐slip parts to low/median slip parts of the main shock fault area.
Preparation and aqueous solution behavior of a ph‐responsive branched copolymer based on 2‐(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate
Authors: Wang Lei , Huang Wen , Wang Shijie , Cui Yuezhi , Yang Pengfei , Yang Xiaodeng , Weaver Jonathan V. M. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTpH‐Responsive amphiphilic branched copolymers were prepared from poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA), 2‐(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DEAEMA), 2‐(tert‐butylamino)ethyl methacrylate (tBAEMA), and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) utilizing a thiol‐modified free radical polymerization. The molecular structures of copolymers were confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) and triple‐detection gel permeation chromatography (tri‐GPC). The aqueous solution behaviors of the obtained copolymers were investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The DLS data showed that about 16 nm polymer particles comprising of hydrophobic poly(tert‐butylamino)ethyl methacrylate (PtBAEMA) and poly(diethylaminoethyl methacrylate (PDEAEMA) core, hydrophilic PEGMA corona were formed above pH 8. With the decrease of pH from 8 to 6, a dramatic increase in the hydrodynamic radius of polymer particles from 16 nm to 130 nm was observed resulting from the protonation of the PDEAEMA segment. Moreover, in vitro drug release behaviors of the resulting polymer assemblies at different pH values were also investigated to evaluate their potential as sustained release drug carriers. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42183.