bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of a Gallium(III) Bis(selenoureato) Complex
Authors: Molter Anja , Mohr Fabian 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
In an attempt to prepare the tris(selenoureato)gallium(III) complex [Ga(4-O2NC6H4C(O)NC(Se)NEt2)3] from the reaction of the nitro-substituted acylselenourea 4-O2NC6H4C(O)NHC(Se)NEt2 with [Ga(NO3)3] in EtOH we obtained a crystalline compound from a CH2Cl2 solution which was identified as the bis(selenoureato)gallium(III)chlorido complex [GaCl(4- O2NC6H4C(O)NC(Se)NEt2)2] by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This compound is a rare example of a metal complex containing chelating selenoureato ligands in a trans arrangement.
Individual tooth macrowear pattern guides the reconstruction of Sts 52 (Australopithecus africanus) dental arches
Authors: Benazzi Stefano , Kullmer Ottmar , Schulz Dieter , Gruppioni Giorgio , Weber Gerhard W. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe functional restoration of the occlusal relationship between maxillary and mandibular tooth rows is a major challenge in modern dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. Similar technical challenges are present in paleoanthropology when considering fragmented and deformed mandibular and maxillary fossils. Sts 52, an Australopithecus africanus specimen from Sterkfontein Member 4, represents a typical case where the original shape of the dental arches is no longer preserved. It includes a partial lower face (Sts 52a) and a fragmented mandible (Sts 52b), both incomplete and damaged to such an extent to thwart attempts at matching upper and lower dentitions. We show how the preserved macrowear pattern of the tooth crowns can be used to functionally reconstruct Sts 52's dental arches. High‐resolutiondental stone casts of Sts 52 maxillary and mandibular dentition were mounted and repositioned in a dental articulator. The occlusal relationship between antagonists was restored based on the analysis of the occlusal wear pattern of each preserved tooth, considering all dental contact movements represented in the occlusal compass. The reconstructed dental arches were three‐dimensional surface scanned and their occlusal kinematics tested in a simulation. The outcome of this contribution is the first functional restoration of A. africanus dental arches providing new morphometric data for specimen Sts 52. It is noteworthy that the method described in this case study might be applied to several other fossilspecimens. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Concurrent functional endoscopic sinus surgery and septorhinoplasty: using evidence to make clinical decisions
Authors: Patel Zara M. , Setzen Michael , Sclafani Anthony P. , Del Gaudio John M. 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundConcurrent septorhinoplasty (SRP) and functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) has been a controversial topic in the literature over the last decade. Warnings and admonitions about the risks of performing these procedures together in a single surgery are both published and voiced at national meetings. Although pros and cons have been discussed in the literature, there have been no guidelines published based solely on a review of the level of evidence.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was performed and the Clinical Practice Guideline Manual, Conference on Guideline Standardization (COGS), and the Appraisal of Guidelines and Research Evaluation (AGREE) instrument recommendations were followed. Study inclusion criteria were an adult population >18 years old, description or implication of study design available, concurrent FESS and SRP performed without additional procedures, and report of complications included in the study.ResultsWe identified and evaluated the literature meeting those criteria: 11 retrospective studies. The literature was reviewed for both quality of research design as well as benefit and harm of the proposed interventions.ConclusionIf a patient is in need of FESS and SRP, either for functional or cosmetic reasons, and is found on the risk matrix to either have low or moderate risk, that patient is a good candidate for a concurrent procedure. If the patient is found to have higher risk, it is not an absolute contraindication, but the surgeon must use best clinical judgment when deciding to move forward and must counsel the patient preoperatively about possible increased risks.
Comparing use of the Sonopet® ultrasonic bone aspirator to traditional instrumentation during the endoscopic transsphenoidal approach in pituitary tumor resection
Authors: Baddour H. Michael , Lupa Michael D. , Patel Zara M. 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundThe Sonopet® ultrasonic bone aspirator (Stryker®, Kalamazoo, MI) has been used within neurosurgery, otolaryngology and in other fields, but to our knowledge has not been reported in the literature for use in endoscopic transsphenoidal approaches (TSAs) to the skull base. The study objective was to compare use of the ultrasonic bone aspirator (UBA) vs traditional cold steel instrumentation during TSA in terms of operative time and blood loss.MethodsThe study design was a prospective, randomized, single‐blinded controlled clinical trial. The population included patients who presented to a tertiary care skull base center with pituitary tumors amenable to endoscopic resection. Participants were randomized to either an endoscopic approach using the ultrasonic bone aspirator (n = 66) or traditional steel instrumentation (n = 64). Outcomes measured were operative time and blood loss for the approach and exposure portion of the procedure.ResultsThe use of the UBA resulted in a significant reduction in both operative time (31.92 ± 3.04 minutes vs 41.32 ± 2.75 minutes, p < 0.0001) and blood loss (16.5 ± 5.37 milliliters vs 22.57 ± 3.09 milliliters, p < 0.0001) compared to traditional steel instrumentation.ConclusionThis study is, to our knowledge, the first prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial comparatively demonstrating the speed, safety and efficacy of the ultrasonic bone aspirator for endoscopic TSA to the skull base. Although the UBA offers surgical benefits, the cost of disposables may limit its usefulness to use in tertiary care institutions where operative cost can be shared across departments and with the hospital.
Calculating reference points for anthropogenic mortality of marine turtles
Authors: Curtis K. Alexandra , Moore Jeffrey E. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTHuman‐caused mortality threatens many marine turtle populations worldwide, with fisheries interactions being a primary cause for population declines. National and international management of fisheries interactions with marine turtles are rarely tied to turtle population biology. Quantitative tools tied to population‐based objectives can provide insight into the effectiveness and urgency of bycatch mitigation.A management approach is proposed based on a bycatch control rule called Reproductive Value Loss Limit (RVLL), generalized from the Potential Biological Removal management model for marine mammal populations. For RVLL, population size is scaled by reproductive value to account for strongly age‐structured population dynamics and age‐dependent fisheries mortality rates in marine turtle populations.RVLL is an estimate of maximum sustainable mortality for a population, calculated from estimates of maximum population growth rate, total reproductive value in the population, and an uncertainty factor. RVLL estimates correspond to specified management goals and risk tolerances. For demonstration, simultaneous goals of maintaining populations above the maximum net productivity level (analogous to the population size that produces maximum sustainable yield) and preventing a decrease in adults are assumed, both with 95% probability. A management‐strategy‐evaluation‐like process was used to explore parameterization of the RVLL equation for robust performance over a range of plausible life history characteristics and uncertainties in abundance and bycatch mortality estimates for marine turtle populations.The RVLL‐based management approach presented here proved robust to several important sources of uncertainty and to violation of several key underlying assumptions, and can be adapted to account for important sources of bias. The architecture presented, including tailored management strategy evaluation, provides a useful basis for further development of reference‐point‐based management of human‐added mortality in populations that experience large changes with age in reproductive value and human‐caused mortality rates, as is the case for marine turtles.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multiple Fuzzy Relation and Its Application to Coupled Fuzzy Control
Authors: Feng Jun‐e , Lv Hongli , Cheng Daizhan 
Published: January 2013

AbstractUsing semi‐tensor product (STP) of matrix, this paper investigates the fuzzy relation of multiple fuzzy and uses this to design coupled fuzzy control is designed. First of all, under the assumption that the universe of discourse is finite, a fuzzy logical variable can be expressed as a vector, which unifies the expression of elements, subsets, and fuzzy subsets of a universe of discourse. Then, the matrix expression of set mappings is naturally extended to fuzzy sets. Second, based on STP, logic‐based matrix addition and product are proposed. These are particulary useful for the calculation of compounded fuzzy relations. Third, a dual fuzzy structure is introduced, which assures the finiteness of the universe of discourse, and is used for fuzzification and defuzzification. Finally, using the results obtained, a new technique is developed to design a coupled fuzzy controller for multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) systems with coupled multiple fuzzy relations.
Sensitive determination of DNA based on the interaction between prulifloxacin–terbium(III) complex and DNA
Authors: Wu Ting , Fang Biyun , Chang Lin , Liu Min , Chen Fang 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTA simple spectrofluorimetric method is described for the determination of DNA, based on its enhancement of the fluorescence intensity of prulifloxacin (PUFX)–Tb3+. The luminescence intensity of the PUFX–Tb3+ complex increased up to 10‐fold after adding DNA. The excitation and emission wavelengths were 345 and 545 nm, respectively. Under optimum conditions, variations in the fluorescence intensity showed a good linear relationship with the concentration of hsDNA in the range of 3.0 × 10‐9 to 1.0 × 10‐6 g/mL, with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.997, and the detection limit was 2.1 × 10‐9 g/mL. The method was successfully applied to the determination of DNA in synthetic samples, and recoveries were in the range 97.3–102.0%. The mechanism of fluorescence enhancement of the PUFX–Tb3+ complex by DNA is also discussed. The mechanism may involve formation of a ternary complex mainly by intercalation binding together with weak electrostatic interaction, which will increase the energy transition from ligand to Tb3+, increasing the rigidity of the complex, and decreasing the radiationless energy loss through O–H vibration of the H2O molecule in the PUFX–Tb3+ compl+osed method is not only more robust and friendly to the environment, but also of relatively higher sensitivity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hypoxia induces osteogenic/angiogenic responses of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells seeded on bone‐derived scaffolds via ERK1/2 and p38 pathways
Authors: Zhou Yi , Guan Xiaoxu , Wang Huiming , Zhu Zhuoli , Li Chiquan , Wu Shu , Yu Haiyang 
Published: January 2013

AbstractOsteogenesis and angiogenesis are tightly coupled processes during bone development and formation. It is thus well known that the enhancement of vascularization is of great importance in bone tissue engineering. As a potential approach for repairing bone defects, bone tissue constructs should therefore replicate the essential components in vivo microenvironments to promote cell osteogenic differentiation while at same time induce angiogenic response. In light of standpoint above, a combination of human bone‐derived scaffolds and BMSCs that subjected to hypoxia was used to mimic in vivo conditions. Also the underlying cellular/molecular regulation was fully investigated. The results showed that hypoxia (5–10% O2) greatly enhanced the proliferation of BMSCs seeded in scaffolds, although the hypoxia (5% O2)‐induced proliferative effect on BMSC cellular scaffolds was not apparent to those cultured in plates. However, such a kind of model was able to significantly induce the osteogenic/angiogenic responses of BMSCs as reflected by osteogenesis or angiogenesis‐related highly expressed genes or proteins, such as alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α and vascular endothelial growth factor. Moreover, ERK1/2 and/or p38 pathways were demonstrated to play essential roles in hypoxia‐induced osteogenic/angiogenic responses. Our results indicated that the combination of bone‐derived scaffolds, a material that has a three dimensional network structure, and hypoxia, an environment that replicates in vivo BMSCs hypoxic living conditions, may be a potential approach for creating functional tissue‐engineered bone. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 1794–1804. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Engineering Escherichia coli for renewable production of the 5‐carbon polyamide building‐blocks 5‐aminovalerate and glutarate
Authors: Adkins Jake , Jordan Justin , Nielsen David R. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThrough metabolic pathway engineering, novel microbial biocatalysts can be engineered to convert renewable resources into useful chemicals, including monomer building‐blocks for bioplastics production. Here we describe the systematic engineering of Escherichia coli to produce, as individual products, two 5‐carbon polyamide building blocks, namely 5‐aminovalerate (AMV) and glutarate. The modular pathways were derived using “parts” from the natural lysine degradation pathway of Pseudomonas putida KT2440. Endogenous over‐production of the required precursor, lysine, was first achieved through metabolic deregulation of its biosynthesis pathway by introducing feedback resistant mutants of aspartate kinase III and dihydrodipicolinate synthase. Further disruption of native lysine decarboxylase activity (by deleting cadA and ldcC) limited cadaverine by‐product formation, enabling lysine production to 2.25 g/L at a glucose yield of 138 mmol/mol (18% of theoretical). Co‐expression of lysine monooxygenase and 5‐aminovaleramide amidohydrolase (encoded by davBA) then resulted in the production of 0.86 g/L AMV in 48 h. Finally, the additional co‐expression of glutaric semialdehyde dehydrogenase and 5‐aminovalerate aminotransferase (encoded by davDT) led to the production of 0.82 g/L glutarate under the same conditions. At this output, yields on glucose were 71 and 68 mmol/mol for AMV and glutarate (9.5 and 9.1% of theoretical), respectively. These findings further expand the number and diversity of polyamide monomers that can be derived directly from renewable resources. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 1726–1734. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Regeneration and control of human fibroblast cell density by intermittently delivered pulsed electric fields
Authors: Golberg Alexander , Bei Marianna , Sheridan Robert L. , Yarmush Martin L. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractProliferative scarring is a human disease with neither available effective treatment nor relevant animal model. One of the hypotheses for scar formation involves deregulation of fibroblast signaling and delayed apoptosis. Here, we introduce a new chemical‐free method for fibroblast density control in culture by intermittently delivered pulsed electric fields (IDPEF), which cause irreversible damage to cell membranes. Using 5–100 pulses with electric field strength of 150 V/mm, pulse duration 70 µs, and frequency of 1 Hz, we investigated the effects of PEF application on growth, death, and regeneration of normal human dermal fibroblasts in culture. We found that the fraction of fibroblasts that survive depends on the number of pulses applied and follows a Weibull distribution. We have successfully developed an IDPEF protocol that controls fibroblasts density in culture. Specifically, through application of IDPEF every 72 h for 12 days, we maintain a normal human dermal fibroblast density in the 3.1 ± 0.2 × 105–1.4 ± 0.2 × 105 cell/mL range. Our results suggest that IDPEFs may prove useful as a non‐chemical method for fibroblast density control in human wound healing. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 1759–1768. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Isolation and characterization of lignin‐degrading bacteria from rainforest soils
Authors: Huang Xing‐Feng , Santhanam Navaneetha , Badri Dayakar V. , Hunter William J. , Manter Daniel K. , Decker Stephen R. , Vivanco Jorge M. , Reardon Kenneth F. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe deconstruction of lignin to enhance the release of fermentable sugars from plant cell walls presents a challenge for biofuels production from lignocellulosic biomass. The discovery of novel lignin‐degrading enzymes from bacteria could provide advantages over fungal enzymes in terms of their production and relative ease of protein engineering. In this study, 140 bacterial strains isolated from soils of a biodiversity‐rich rainforest in Peru were screened based on their oxidative activity on ABTS, a laccase substrate. Strain C6 (Bacillus pumilus) and strain B7 (Bacillus atrophaeus) were selected for their high laccase activity and identified by 16S rDNA analysis. Strains B7 and C6 degraded fragments of Kraft lignin and the lignin model dimer guaiacylglycerol‐β‐guaiacyl ether, the most abundant linkage in lignin. Finally, LC–MS analysis of incubations of strains B7 and C6 with poplar biomass in rich and minimal media revealed that a higher number of compounds were released in the minimal medium than in the rich one. These findings provide important evidence that bacterial enzymes can degrade and/or modify lignin and contribute to the release of fermentable sugars from lignocellulose. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 1616–1626. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A multi‐dimensional approach for fractionating proteins using charged membranes
Authors: Sorci Mirco , Gu Minghao , Heldt Caryn L. , Grafeld Elizabeth , Belfort Georges 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn an effort to increase selectivity among proteins with crossflow ultrafiltration, we offer and demonstrate a comprehensive approach to fractionate proteins of similar molecular weight and relatively close pI values. This multidimensional approach involves optimizing membrane charge type and density together with operating conditions such as precise control of pH, ionic strength, and transmembrane pressure for reduced membrane fouling. Each filtration experiment was performed in cross‐flow configuration for ∼20 min, allowing fast screening for optimal separation as determined by maximum selectivity, Ψ, and purity, P. Using our comprehensive approach for fractionating mixtures RNase A–lysozyme and BSA–hemoglobin, we obtained values of Ψ = 9.1, P = 95.7%, and Ψ = 6.5, P = 62.1%, respectively. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 1704–1713. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biomass as Feedstock in the Chemical Industry – An Examination from an Exergetic Point of View
Authors: Frenzel P. , Fayyaz S. , Hillerbrand R. , Pfennig A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractCrude oil is the most important raw material for the chemical industry. Due to the continually rising price of crude oil, alternative carbon sources are becoming increasingly important. Biomass is basically the only available renewable carbon source. Because the chemical composition of biomass differs from fossil raw materials, the raw‐material change also offers many chances for new product properties and applications. At the same time, the chemical processes have to be redesigned if the feedstock changes to biomass. Here, the effects of a raw‐material change are examined on a rather generic level. The study is based on exergy balances and indicates that it is exergetically advisable to reconsider the previously established system of platform and basic chemicals. In general, exergy losses can be minimized if the synthesis pathways leading to the final products are adapted to the chemical structure of biomass.
A Simple Determination Method of Adsorption Kinetics from a Liquid Phase Fixed‐Bed Breakthrough Curve
Authors: Kawakita T. , Fujiki J. , Tsubomatsu K. , Furuya E. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe mass transfer zone (MTZ) method using the linear driving force (LDF) approximation is the most common and frequently used technique for the analysis of adsorption kinetics from a fixed‐bed breakthrough curve and for adsorptive process design. However, the adsorption kinetics obtained by the MTZ method includes approximations and estimation errors. This report describes a new analytical method for determining the intraparticle diffusivity (DS) and the fluid‐film mass transfer coefficient (kF) from an experimental breakthrough curve without using the LDF approximation and empirical correlations for estimating kF . The proposed method has the advantage of less trial and error on the curve‐fitting process and helps better determine DS and kF . The estimation procedure of the Biot number that represents the ratio of DS to kF is the key of this method. The values of DS and kF for the adsorption of phenols onto activated carbon were determined from experimental breakthrough curves using the new analytical method. The results indicate that the method presented in this study yields reliable values.
Characteristics of a Pressurized Gas‐Solid Magnetically Fluidized Bed
Authors: Zhang J. , Feng Z. , Jia X. , Xu S. , Li W. , Du M. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe hydrodynamic, heat and mass transfer characteristics of a pressurized co‐current gas‐solid magnetically fluidized bed (MFB) were systematically investigated considering major influence factors, such as magnetic field strength, superficial gas velocity, and operating pressure. It was shown that this pressurized gas‐solid MFB has the advantages of a wider operation range of the superficial gas velocity under bubble‐free particulate fluidization, a larger bed voidage with smaller pressure drop across the bed, and larger heat transfer efficiency, compared with a conventional fluidized bed. Moreover, the minimum bubbling velocity, gas‐solid mass, and heat transfer coefficients were correlated at high accuracy within the investigated range of operating conditions.
Dynamic Adsorption of CO2 from Methane: Studies on Mass and Heat Transfer
Authors: Nouh S. A. , Lau K. K. , Shariff A. M. , KuShaari K. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThree‐dimensional computational fluid dynamics studies related to dynamics adsorption of CO2 from natural gas is found to be limited. 3D analyses for dynamics adsorption are substantially crucial to give a better prediction on the adsorption process by considering the actual fluid flow behavior within the packed‐bed porous media. A kinetic adsorption model has been integrated in a commercial fluid dynamics simulator to simulate the 3D hydrodynamics and adsorption phenomenon in a zeolite‐filled packed column for a CO2‐methane separation system. The effects of various parameters such as Reynolds number, CO2 feed concentration, feed temperature, and column dimension on CO2 adsorption efficiency have been investigated. A correlation for adsorption efficiency based on the CO2 concentration profiles has been developed and validated.