bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acceleration of Iron Utilization After Intravenous Iron Administration During Activated Erythropoiesis in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Study
Authors: Kuji Tadashi , Toya Yoshiyuki , Fujikawa Tetsuya , Kakimoto‐Shino Midori , Nishihara Masahiro , Shibata Kazuhiko , Tamura Kouichi , Hirawa Nobuhito , Satta Hidehisa , Kawata Sei‐ichi , Kouguchi Naoaki , Umemura Satoshi 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of different timings of iron administration during erythropoiesis activated by continuous erythropoietin receptor activator (CERA) on reticulocyte iron uptake in hemodialysis patients. In total, 110 patients were randomized to receive 40 mg intravenous elemental iron doses at all three hemodialysis sessions in the first week (IW1 group: n = 57) or in the third week (IW3 group: n = 53) after CERA administration. Following CERA administration at day 0, reticulocyte count increased, peaking at day 7. At days 7 and 14, the observed changes in Ret‐He were higher in the IW1 group than in the IW3 group. Increases in total reticulocyte hemoglobin at day 7 were higher in the IW1 group than in the IW3 group. In contrast, there was only tendency toward greater total reticulocyte hemoglobin after iron administration in the third week in the IW3 group. Intravenous iron supplementation in the first week of CERA administration increases reticulocyte iron uptake; however, iron supplementation in the third week does not. The findings indicate that iron should be intravenously administered to increase the efficacy of CERA within 1 week of CERA administration during highly active erythropoiesis.
Bushmeat genetics: setting up a reference framework for theDNAtyping ofAfrican forest bushmeat
Authors: Gaubert Philippe , Njiokou Flobert , Olayemi Ayodeji , Pagani Paolo , Dufour Sylvain , Danquah Emmanuel , Nutsuakor Mac Elikem K. , Ngua Gabriel , Missoup Alain‐Didier , Tedesco Pablo A. , Dernat Rémy , Antunes Agostinho 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe bushmeat trade in tropical Africa represents illegal, unsustainable off‐takes of millions of tons of wild game – mostly mammals – per year. We sequenced four mitochondrial gene fragments (cytb,COI, 12S, 16S) in >300 bushmeat items representing nine mammalian orders and 59 morphological species from five western and centralAfrican countries (Guinea,Ghana,Nigeria,Cameroon andEquatorialGuinea). Our objectives were to assess the efficiency of cross‐speciesPCRamplification and to evaluate the usefulness of our multilocus approach for reliable bushmeat species identification. We provide a straightforward amplification protocol using a single ‘universal’ primer pair per gene that generally yielded >90%PCRsuccess rates across orders and was robust to different types of meat preprocessing andDNAextraction protocols. For taxonomic identification, we set up a decision pipeline combining similarity‐ and tree‐based approaches with an assessment of taxonomic expertise and coverage of theGENBANKdatabase. Our multilocus approach permitted us to: (i) adjust for existing taxonomic gaps inGENBANKdatabases, (ii) assign to the species level 67% of the morphological species hypotheses and (iii) successfully identify samples with uncertain taxonomic attribution (preprocessed carcasses and cryptic lineages). High levels of genetic polymorphism across genes and taxa, together with the excellent resolution observed among species‐level clusters (neighbour‐joining trees andKlee diagrams) advocate the usefulness of our markers for bushmeatDNAtyping. We formalize ourDNAtyping decision pipeline through an expert‐curated query database –DNAbushmeat– that shall permit the automated identification of African forest bushmeat items.
Comparison of perioperative outcomes between open and minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer
Authors: Mao Teng , Fang Wentao , Gu Zhitao , Guo Xufeng , Ji Chunyu , Chen Wenhu 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundTo compare surgical outcomes of thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy with open esophagectomy in order to study the learning curve of minimally invasive surgery for esophageal cancers.MethodsAmong 109 esophageal cancer patients retrospectively studied, 59 patients underwent minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) and 50 underwent open surgery (OE). In the MIE group, the first 30 patients received hybrid procedures, including 16 thoracoscopic esophagectomies and 14 laparoscopic maneuvers. The later 29 patients received thoraco‐laparoscopic esophagectomy (TLE).ResultsThe overall morbidity of MIE and OE was 42.4% (25/59) and 44.0% (22/50), respectively, with no statistical difference. However, the MIE group had a significantly lower incidence of functional complication (1.79%, 1/59) than the OE group (32.0%, 16/50, P < 0.01). The technical complication rate was not significantly different between the two groups (14/59, 23.7% vs. 6/50, 12.0%, P = NS), nor was the overall complication rate between the 30 early period cases and the 29 later cases (P = NS); although the later cases had TLE and there was no recurrent laryngeal nerve injury.ConclusionMinimally invasive approaches may help to decrease the risk of functional complication but not technical problems, after esophagectomy. For esophageal cancer patients to benefit from this minimally invasive surgery, an extended learning curve is necessary to avoid technical problems, such as anastomotic leakage and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy.
Sperm lengths of non‐marine cypridoidean ostracods (Crustacea)
Authors: Smith Robin J. , Matzke‐Karasz Renate , Kamiya Takahiro , De Deckker Patrick 
Published: September 2014

AbstractLength measurements of sperms of 51 species of Cypridoidea ostracods were taken to supplement the paucity of ostracod sperm data in the published literature. The lengths of the posterior regions (carrying the mitochondria) and the thinner anterior regions were also measured when appropriate. Maximum lengths of sperms for individual species varied from 268 μm forFabaeformiscandona veliferaSmith and Janz, 2008 through to 11 787 μm forAustralocypris robustaDe Deckker, 1974; these lengths represent the shortest so far recorded for the superfamily and the longest ever recorded in ostracods, respectively. There appears to be only a loose relationship between taxonomy and sperm lengths. Species of the subfamily Candoninae generally have the shortest sperms compared with other subfamilies, but one Candoninae species,Candona altoidesPetkovski, 1961, has sperms longer than some species of the families Cyprididae, Ilyocyprididae and Notodromadidae. The family Cyprididae showed the most variation, with sperms ranging from 1000 μm through to 11 787 μm in length. No hypothesis satisfactorily explains the origin of giant sperms in ostracods or the longevity of this trait through geological eras, and their existence remains enigmatic.
Stereochemistry of mephedrone neuropharmacology: enantiomer‐specific behavioural and neurochemical effects in rats
Authors: Gregg Ryan A , Baumann Michael H , Partilla John S , Bonano Julie S , Vouga Alexandre , Tallarida Christopher S , Velvadapu Venkata , Smith Garry R , Peet M Melissa , Reitz Allen B , Negus S Stevens , Rawls Scott M 
Published: September 2014

Background and PurposeSynthetic cathinones, commonly referred to as ‘bath salts’, are a group of amphetamine‐like drugs gaining popularity worldwide. 4‐Methylmethcathinone (mephedrone, MEPH) is the most commonly abused synthetic cathinone in the UK, and exerts its effects by acting as a substrate‐type releaser at monoamine transporters. Similar to other cathinone‐related compounds, MEPH has a chiral centre and exists stably as two enantiomers: R‐mephedrone (R‐MEPH) and S‐mephedrone (S‐MEPH).Experimental ApproachHere, we provide the first investigation into the neurochemical and behavioural effects of R‐MEPH and S‐MEPH. We analysed both enantiomers in rat brain synaptosome neurotransmitter release assays and also investigated their effects on locomotor activity (e.g. ambulatory activity and repetitive movements), behavioural sensitization and reward.Key ResultsBoth enantiomers displayed similar potency as substrates (i.e. releasers) at dopamine transporters, but R‐MEPH was much less potent than S‐MEPH as a substrate at 5‐HT transporters. Locomotor activity was evaluated in acute and repeated administration paradigms, with R‐MEPH producing greater repetitive movements than S‐MEPH across multiple doses. After repeated drug exposure, only R‐MEPH produced sensitization of repetitive movements. R‐MEPH produced a conditioned place preference whereas S‐MEPH did not. Lastly, R‐MEPH and S‐MEPH produced biphasic profiles in an assay of intracranial self‐stimulation (ICSS), but R‐MEPH produced greater ICSS facilitation than S‐MEPH.Conclusions and ImplicationsOur data are the first to demonstrate stereospecific effects of MEPH enantiomers and suggest that the predominant dopaminergic actions of R‐MEPH (i.e. the lack of serotonergic actions) render this stereoisomer more stimulant‐like when compared with S‐MEPH. This hypothesis warrants further study.
Albiglutide does not impair the counter‐regulatory hormone response to hypoglycaemia: a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, stepped glucose clamp study in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hompesch M. , Jones‐Leone A. , Carr M. C. , Matthews J. , Zhi H. , Young M. , Morrow L. , Reinhardt R. R. 
Published: September 2014

AimTo determine if the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonist albiglutide, once weekly, impairs counter‐regulatory responses during hypoglycaemia.MethodsWe conducted a randomized, double‐blind, parallel, placebo‐controlled study in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A single dose of albiglutide 50 mg (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) was administered on day 1. Glucose was clamped on day 4 (to coincide with the approximate albiglutide maximum plasma concentration) at 9.0, 5.0, 4.0, 3.3 and 2.8 mmol/l (162, 90, 72, 59.4 and 50.4 mg/dl), with a post‐clamp recovery period to 3.9 mmol/l (70 mg/dl). Hormone measurements were made at each plateau and adverse events (AEs) were recorded.ResultsThe counter‐regulatory hormones glucagon, epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormone and cortisol were appropriately suppressed when plasma glucose levels were >4.0 mmol/l (>72 mg/dl), but increased in the albiglutide and placebo groups with glucose levels <3.3 mmol/l (<59.4 mg/dl) in response to hypoglycaemia. The area under the curve geometric mean ratios (albiglutide : placebo), calculated from the clamped plateau of 4.0 mmol/l (72 mg/dl) to the glucose recovery point, were not significantly different for any of the counter‐regulatory hormones. When plasma glucose levels were >5.0 mmol/l (>90 mg/dl), albiglutide increased pancreatic β‐cell secretion of C‐peptide in a glucose‐dependent manner to a greater extent than did placebo, and it was suppressed in each group when levels were <4.0 mmol/l (<72 mg/dl). No significant difference between groups was observed in the recovery time to glucose level ≥3.9 mmol/l (≥70 mg/dl). There were no clinically relevant differences in AEs or other safety variables.ConclusionsA single 50‐mg dose of albiglutide was well tolerated and did not impair the counter‐regulatory response to hypoglycaemia. These data provide mechanistic evidence supporting the low intrinsic hypoglycaemic potential of albiglutide.
Genetic, morphological, and dietary changes associated with novel habitat colonisation in theCanaryIsland endemic grasshopperAcrostira bellamyi
Authors: HERNÁNDEZ‐TEIXIDOR DAVID , LÓPEZ HERIBERTO , NOGALES MANUEL , EMERSON BRENT C. , JUAN CARLOS , OROMÍ PEDRO 
Published: September 2014

1. The large flightless grasshopperAcrostira bellamyiUvarov, endemic to the island ofLaGomera (CanaryIslands), inhabits two different environments: the xeric euphorb shrubland, as is typical for congenericCanarian species, and the humid laurel forest, a novel habitat for the genus.2. We investigate genetic, morphological, and ecological variation among individuals ofA. bellamyifrom the two habitats.DNAsequence data were used to evaluate whether grasshoppers from the two environments represent distinct lineages. Morphological and trophic analyses were performed to assess phenotypic differentiation between the two different habitats.3. Population genetic analyses support the hypothesis that the euphorb shrubland is the ancestral habitat for this species. Female laurel forest specimens are larger than those inhabiting the euphorb shrubland, and some external body parts exhibit significant morphometric differences between the two populations. Diet of shrubland individuals is completely different from that of laurel forest individuals. Although in each habitat they consume the most abundant plants, individuals are able to select food plants, which appear to be explained by their nutrient content.4. Our results suggest thatA. bellamyihas colonised laurel forest from shrubland, and that this habitat shift has resulted in genetic, morphological, and ecological changes, perhaps as an adaptation to this new habitat.
Income resources and reproductive opportunities change life history traits and the egg/time limitation trade‐off in a synovigenic parasitoid
Authors: ZHANG YIBO , ZHANG HUALONG , YANG NIANWAN , WANG JINJUN , WAN FANGHAO 
Published: September 2014

1. Synovigenic parasitoids emerging with no or only a few mature oocytes could not rely on only capital resources, but also need to acquire income resources. Income resources in nature can either contribute to egg maturation as a food resource and/or create unpredictability in realised reproductive opportunities for synovigenic parasitoids. Therefore, we hypothesised such resources could affect life history traits and the risks of egg/time limitation in synovigenic parasitoids.2. Using the Ovigeny Index, we investigated the effects of various host availability levels (unavailable, limited, and unlimited availability) and non‐host foods (water and honey) on life history traits and on the occurrence of egg/time limitation in Eretmocerus hayati, a predominant parasitoid on Bemisia tabaci.3. The Ovigeny Index of Er. hayati was 0.28, which suggested it was a typical synovigenic species. Both host availability levels and non‐food type had major effects on life history traits of this parasitoid, but the availability of hosts for both feeding and reproduction was the key factor. Meanwhile, egg/time limitation was encountered by all wasps and its intensity varied with host availability levels.4. Our results confirmed that the income resource and reproductive opportunity played a central role in shaping the life history and risks of egg/time limitation of a synovigenic parasitoid.
Comparison of frailty among Japanese, Brazilian Japanese descendants and Brazilian community‐dwelling older women
Authors: Sewo Sampaio Priscila Yukari , Sampaio Ricardo Aurélio Carvalho , Yamada Minoru , Ogita Mihoko , Arai Hidenori 
Published: September 2014

AimTo investigate frailty in Japanese, Brazilian Japanese descendants and Brazilian older women.MethodsThe collected data included sociodemographic and health‐related characteristics, and the frailty index Kihon Checklist. We analyzed the differences between the mean scores of Kihon Checklist domains (using ancova) and the percentage of frail women (using χ2‐test). We carried out a binary logistic regression with Kihon Checklist domains.ResultsA total of 211 participants (Japanese n = 84, Brazilian Japanese descendants n = 55, Brazilian n = 72) participated in this research. The Brazilian participants had the highest total Kihon Checklist scores (more frail), whereas the Brazilian Japanese descendants had the lowest scores (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the Brazilian group had more participants with oral dysfunction (P < 0.001), seclusion (P < 0.001), cognitive impairment (P < 0.001) and depression (P < 0.001). They were more likely to be frail (OR 5.97, 95% CI 2.69–13.3, P < 0.001), to have oral dysfunction (OR 3.18, 95% CI 1.47–6.85, P = 0.003), seclusion (OR 9.15, 95% CI 3.53–23.7, P < 0.001), cognitive impairment (OR 3.87, 95% CI 1.93–7.75, P < 0.001) and depression (OR 6.63, 95% CI 2.74–16.0, P < 0.001) than the Japanese group.ConclusionsThe older Brazilian women were likely to be more frail than the participants in other groups. More than the environment itself, the lifestyle and sociodemographic conditions could affect the frailty of older Brazilian women. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2015; 15: 762–769.
Mobile teledermatology helping patients control high‐need acne: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Frühauf J. , Kröck S. , Quehenberger F. , Kopera D. , Fink‐Puches R. , Komericki P. , Pucher S. , Arzberger E. , Hofmann‐Wellenhof R. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundAcne is an important health issue with a major psychological impact in addition to the physical problems it causes.ObjectivesTo investigate the superiority of mobile teledermatology in the care of patients with high‐need facial acne in comparison to outpatient services with particular attention to treatment efficacy, safety, and patient compliance. Further, patient satisfaction with remote care was evaluated.MethodsSixty‐nine consecutive patients (f: 25, m: 44, median age: 19 years, range: 13–37 years) were randomly allocated to either the teleconsultation (TCA) or the outpatient consultation (OCA) arm of the trial to receive isotretinoin treatment in weight and severity‐dependent dosages over 24 weeks. Acne grading was performed by one examiner using the Global Acne Severity Scale (GEA) and the total lesion counting (TLC).ResultsDue to noncompliance issues, 17 of 69 (24.6%) patients were excluded from the study, of who 10 had been assigned to the TCA (10/34; 29.4%) and 7 to the OCA (7/35; 20%). Both, in the TCA (GEA‐score: ∆ = 2.25; TLC: ∆ = 89.08) and in the OCA (GEA‐score: ∆ = 2.0; TLC: ∆ = 91.21) excellent and almost equivalent therapeutic outcomes were achieved. In the TCA, however, less patients experienced adverse reactions (P = 0.55). Even though additional live supervision would have been appreciated in some teledermatology cases, patients were satisfied with the mobile service and no consultation request was created.ConclusionMobile teledermatology is an efficient, safe and well‐accepted tool among patients with high‐need acne constituting at least a valuable adjunct to outpatient care services. Further larger studies would be useful to confirm our findings.
Two are better than one: combining landscape genomics and common gardens for detecting local adaptation in forest trees
Authors: Lepais Olivier , Bacles Cecile F. E. 
Published: September 2014

Predicting likely species responses to an alteration of their local environment is key to decision‐making in resource management, ecosystem restoration and biodiversity conservation practice in the face of global human‐induced habitat disturbance. This is especially true for forest trees which are a dominant life form on Earth and play a central role in supporting diverse communities and structuring a wide range of ecosystems. In Europe, it is expected that most forest tree species will not be able to migrate North fast enough to follow the estimated temperature isocline shift given current predictions for rapid climate warming. In this context, a topical question for forest genetics research is to quantify the ability for tree species to adapt locally to strongly altered environmental conditions (Kremer et al. ). Identifying environmental factors driving local adaptation is, however, a major challenge for evolutionary biology and ecology in general but is particularly difficult in trees given their large individual and population size and long generation time. Empirical evaluation of local adaptation in trees has traditionally relied on fastidious long‐term common garden experiments (provenance trials) now supplemented by reference genome sequence analysis for a handful of economically valuable species. However, such resources have been lacking for most tree species despite their ecological importance in supporting whole ecosystems. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, De Kort et al. () provide original and convincing empirical evidence of local adaptation to temperature in black alder, Alnus glutinosa L. Gaertn, a surprisingly understudied keystone species supporting riparian ecosystems. Here, De Kort et al. () use an innovative empirical approach complementing state‐of‐the‐art landscape genomics analysis of A. glutinosa populations sampled in natura across a regional climate gradient with phenotypic trait assessment in a common garden experiment (Fig. ). By combining the two methods, De Kort et al. () were able to detect unequivocal association between temperature and phenotypic traits such as leaf size as well as with genetic loci putatively under divergent selection for temperature. The research by De Kort et al. () provides valuable insight into adaptive response to temperature variation for an ecologically important species and demonstrates the usefulness of an integrated approach for empirical evaluation of local adaptation in nonmodel species (Sork et al. ).
Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Reassortant Avian Influenza H9N9 Virus Isolated from Chicken in Eastern China
Authors: Guo Xiling , Qi Xian , Cui Lunbiao , Ge Yiyue , Yu Huiyan , Zhu Xiaojuan , Chen Yin , Shi Zhiyang , Zhou Minghao 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACT
The genome sequence of the strain A/chicken/Changzhou/C08/2013 (H9N9) shows that the hemagglutinin (HA) genes of this strain are closely related to those of the strain A/chicken/Shanghai/1107/2013 (H9N2) and share 99.2% nucleotide homology, while the other seven genes had the greatest sequence identities with the novel H7N9 virus. We speculate that this strain may be a novel natural reassortant avian influenza virus (AIV).
Genome Sequences of Two Nondomesticated Bacillus subtilis Strains Able To Form Thick Biofilms on Submerged Surfaces
Authors: Sanchez-Vizuete Pilar , Tanaka Kosei , Bridier Arnaud , Shirae Yusuke , Yoshida Ken-ichi , Bouchez Théodore , Aymerich Stéphane , Briandet Romain , Le Coq Dominique 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACT

Genomes of two nondomesticated strains of
Bacillus subtilis
subspecies
subtilis
, NDmed and NDfood, have been sequenced. Both strains form very thick and spatially complex biofilms on submerged surfaces. Moreover, biofilms of the NDmed isolate were shown to be highly resistant to antimicrobials action.
Complete Genome Assembly of Reference Strain Ochrobactrum anthropi ATCC 49687
Authors: Minogue T. D. , Daligault H. A. , Davenport K. W. , Bishop-Lilly K. A. , Bruce D. C. , Chain P. S. , Chertkov O. , Coyne S. R. , Freitas T. , Frey K. G. , Jaissle J. , Koroleva G. I. , Ladner J. T. , Palacios G. F. , Redden C. L. , Xu Y. , Johnson S. L. 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACT

Ochrobactrum anthropi
is an occasional cause of nosocomial infections; however, interest in the organism lies in its phylogenetic proximity to the genus
Brucella
. Here, we present the 4.9-Mb finished genome of
Ochrobactrum anthropi
ATCC 49687, most commonly used as an exclusionary reference organism.
Complete Genome Assembly of Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615, a Group A β-Hemolytic Reference Strain
Authors: Minogue T. D. , Daligault H. A. , Davenport K. W. , Bishop-Lilly K. A. , Broomall S. M. , Bruce D. C. , Chain P. S. , Chertkov O. , Coyne S. R. , Freitas T. , Frey K. G. , Gibbons H. S. , Jaissle J. , Redden C. L. , Rosenzweig C. N. , Xu Y. , Johnson S. L. 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACT

We present the complete genome assembly of
Streptococcus pyogenes
ATCC 19615 (Rosenbach) as submitted to GenBank under accession number CP008926. This group A nonmotile β-hemolytic clinical isolate is used for quality control in a variety of commercially available tests. The assembled genome is 1.84 Mb (38.5% G+C content) and contains 1,788 coding regions.