bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Succession after Kumāragupta I
Authors: TANDON PANKAJ 
Published: March 2014

AbstractMost dynastic lists of the Gupta kings state that Kumāragupta I was succeeded by Skandagupta. However, it is widely accepted that Skandagupta did not accede to the throne peacefully. Nor is it certain that the succession was immediate, since there is a gap between the known dates of Kumāragupta's and Skandagupta's reigns. This paper is concerned with the events following the death of Kumāragupta, using numismatic evidence as the primary source, and inscriptional and other epigraphic evidence as further support. Some of the numismatic evidence is new, and even the evidence that is not new has so far received little attention in the literature on the succession after Kumāragupta. Questions are raised about one particular theory that is presently enjoying some currency, that Skandagupta was challenged primarily by his uncle Ghaṭotkacagupta. Some other possible scenarios for the political events in the period after the death of Kumāragupta I will then be proposed and analyzed.
Parental Stress and Children Adjustment in Kinship Foster Families
Authors: Jiménez Jesús M. , Mata Estefanía , León Esperanza , Muñoz Alicia 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis work focuses on a multidimensional exploration of the stress experienced by kinship foster carers. This study is the first one conducted on Spanish sample, with 116 kinship foster families and foster children, between the ages of 4 and 11 years.In general, data indicate that the carer’s parental stress scores are within the normative range. The existing heterogeneity among these families is also reported, highlighting a carers group with high stress levels. Parental stress correlated with children variables (initial adversity index, adaptation, evolution and behavioral adjustment); caregiver and family variables (main carer’s health, no correlation was found with social support network or with economic needs) and child-carer relationship variables (acceptance-rejection, relationship with the main caregiver and with other family members). Finally, the predictive model performed shows that the more behavioral and emotional problems foster children exhibit, the more stress the carers experience. This is also true the worse the relationships with other relatives are and the poorer the health of the main carer is.
Generation of ultra-sound during tape peeling
Authors: Marston Jeremy O. , Riker Paul W. , Thoroddsen Sigurdur T. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractWe investigate the generation of the screeching sound commonly heard during tape peeling using synchronised high-speed video and audio acquisition. We determine the peak frequencies in the audio spectrum and, in addition to a peak frequency at the upper end of the audible range (around 20 kHz), we find an unexpected strong sound with a high-frequency far above the audible range, typically around 50 kHz. Using the corresponding video data, the origins of the key frequencies are confirmed as being due to the substructure “fracture” bands, which we herein observe in both high-speed continuous peeling motions and in the slip phases for stick-slip peeling motions.
Discrete-time quantum walk with feed-forward quantum coin
Authors: Shikano Yutaka , Wada Tatsuaki , Horikawa Junsei 
Published: March 2014

AbstractConstructing a discrete model like a cellular automaton is a powerful method for understanding various dynamical systems. However, the relationship between the discrete model and its continuous analogue is, in general, nontrivial. As a quantum-mechanical cellular automaton, a discrete-time quantum walk is defined to include various quantum dynamical behavior. Here we generalize a discrete-time quantum walk on a line into the feed-forward quantum coin model, which depends on the coin state of the previous step. We show that our proposed model has an anomalous slow diffusion characterized by the porous-medium equation, while the conventional discrete-time quantum walk model shows ballistic transport.
Elementary Process for CVD Graphene on Cu(110): Size-selective Carbon Clusters
Authors: Zhang Jialin , Wang Zhunzhun , Niu Tianchao , Wang Shengnan , Li Zhenyu , Chen Wei 
Published: March 2014

AbstractRevealing the graphene growth mechanism at the atomic-scale is of great importance for achieving high quality graphene. However, the lack of direct experimental observation and density functional theory (DFT) verification hinders a comprehensive understanding of the structure of the carbon clusters and evolution of the graphene growth on surface. Here, we report an in-situ low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (LT-STM) study of the elementary process of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene growth via thermal decomposition of methane on Cu(110), including the formation of monodispersed carbon clusters at the initial stage, the graphene nucleation and the ripening of graphene islands to form continuous graphene film. STM measurement, supported by DFT calculations, suggests that the carbon clusters on the surface are C2H5. It is found that graphene layers can be joined by different domains, with a relative misorientation of 30°. These graphene layers can be decoupled from Cu(110) through low temperature thermal cycling.
0.4 mW wideband LNA with double gm enhancement and feed‐forward noise cancellation
Authors: Li Zhi , Sun Liguo , Huang Lu 
Published: March 2014

A low‐power wideband common‐gate (CG) low‐noise amplifier (LNA) presented. The CG LNA uses double gm enhancement to provide input matching under low‐power consumption. Feed‐forward noise cancellation (FFNC) is employed in the LNA to suppress the noise from the CG transistor. The LNA is designed and fabricated in TSMC 130‐nm CMOS technology. This LNA can achieve a maximum gain of 14 dB with a 3 dB bandwidth from 350 to 950 MHz. The LNA consumes 0.5 mA current under a 0.8‐V supply. The average noise figure of the LNA is 4.0 dB. The core area of the LNA is 0.06 mm2.
Optical‐transparent Wi‐Fi bandpass mesh‐coated frequency selective surface
Authors: Han Y. , Liu Y.M. , Jin P. , Liu B. , Ma J. , Tan J.B. 
Published: March 2014

To simultaneously achieve a high optical‐transparency and Wi‐Fi bandpass filtering characteristics for optical windows, a novel mesh‐coated frequency selective surface (FSS) is designed and fabricated using an ultraviolet lithography technique. Simulation and experimental results show that the resonant centre frequency of the proposed mesh‐coated FSS is about 5.3 GHz with a transmittance loss of −2 dB, while its optical transmittance is above 87.5% in the infrared (IR) waveband ranging from 1.35 to 3.3 μm. Moreover, such a FSS has the merits of ameliorable electromagnetic shielding effectiveness and improvable optical transmittance by optimising the thickness of the mesh layer. Both the design procedure and experimental measuring results are presented and discussed.
Effect of chlorine‐containing polymer additive on dielectric performance of polymer dielectric films
Authors: Kim Jin‐Young , Park Shang Hyeun , Yu SeGi 
Published: March 2014

A polymer dielectric film with chlorine (Cl)‐containing polymer additives was fabricated to investigate the effect of additives on dielectric performance. Polychlorostyrene or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was used as a polymer additive in the polymer film. At 0.1 V and 10 Hz, the polymer dielectric film with PVC had a dielectric constant of 23.6 with a dielectric loss of 0.04. This film exhibited a 73% increase in dielectric constant compared with the film without additives. The increment in the dielectric constant was attributed to the high polarisability of Cl atoms.
Ultra‐wideband in‐phase power divider using stepped‐impedance three‐line coupled structure and microstrip‐to‐slotline transitions
Authors: Guo L. , Abbosh A. , Zhu H. 
Published: March 2014

A compact in‐phase power divider utilising a stepped‐impedance three‐line coupled structure and microstrip‐to‐slotline transitions is presented. The equivalent circuit of the structure is used to predict the required dimensions for ultra‐wideband performance. The length of the structure, excluding the input/output ports needed for the measurements, is around a quarter guided wavelength. The simulated and measured results for the two developed devices indicate equal in‐phase power division with less than 0.1 dB and 2° amplitude and phase imbalances, respectively. The return loss at the three ports is more than 15 dB in one prototype, whereas the isolation is more than 13 dB in the other across the band from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz.
Can children tell us anything we did not know about parameter clustering?
Authors: Avram Larisa , Coene Martine 
Published: March 2014

The present paper provides evidence that children are not different from
adults with respect to phrase structure building, a process considered to
be highly dependent on feature valuation. Lexical heads are taken from
the lexicon with open feature values that are specified in the course of the
derivation. Under such a view, linguistic development is mainly restricted
to the lexicon, the projection of functional structure following from the
stepwise identification and valuation of the features encoded by the
morphological markers on lexical items. Based on data from child language,
it is argued that language acquisition consists in choosing the particular
values that correspond to the target language.
1. Evolving perspectives on learning French as a second language through immersion
Authors: Lyster Roy 
Published: March 2014

Ce chapitre passe en revue la recherche empirique ayant contribué à modeler les perspectives changeantes de l’enseignement immersif depuis la mise en place des programmes d’immersion française à Montréal il y a plus de 40 ans déjà. La recherche montre que les élèves en immersion française atteignent des niveaux élevés d’aptitudes pour la compréhension et des niveaux fonctionnels en production, avec des lacunes sur les plans de la précision de l’expression, de l’expression idiomatique, de la variété lexicale et de l’adéquation sociolinguistique. Ces lacunes seront expliquées en termes de contraintes résultant d’une interaction des propriétés structurales des traits problématiques de la langue seconde tels que les verbes, les pronoms et le genre; de leur prégnance dans le discours en classe, et d’une diversité de facteurs internes et reliés à l’apprenant. S’appuyant sur les thèses mises de l’avant par Lyster (2007) portant sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage des langues axés sur le contenu, ce chapitre soutient le point de vue selon lequel plusieurs des lacunes dans la compétence en langue seconde chez les élèves en immersion française pourraient être surmontées par un enseignement qui saurait intégrer plus systématiquement langue et contenu.
This chapter reviews empirical research that has helped to shape evolving perspectives of immersion education since the introduction of French immersion programs in Montreal more than 40 years ago. Research confirms that French immersion students attain high levels of comprehension abilities and functional levels of communicative ability in production, with shortcomings in accurate and idiomatic expression, lexical variety, and sociolinguistic appropriateness. Shortcomings will be explained in terms of processing constraints that result from an interaction among the structural properties of problematic target features such as verbs, pronouns, and gender; their degree of salience in classroom discourse; and a range of learner-internal factors. Following an argument developed by Lyster (2007) with respect to teaching and learning languages through content, the specific argument put forth in this chapter is that many shortcomings in the second language proficiency of French immersion students could be overcome through instruction that is counterbalanced in a way that more systematically integrates language and content.
Defining child second language acquisition, defining roles for L2 instruction
Authors: Nicholas Howard , Lightbown Patsy M. 
Published: March 2014

In this chapter, ‘child’ second language acquisition is defined as distinct fromboth ‘adult’ second language acquisition and from either monolingual or simultaneous bilingual development in childhood. We argue that ‘second language acquisition’ begins at a very early age (certainly before age 3) and suggest that there is a gradual development of features that become recognised as ‘adult second language acquisition’ after approximately age 7.
Using this definition, we explore both grammatical and pragmatic features of child second language development, observing how children behave in formal instructional settings where the ‘second’ language is either that of the surrounding community or of a distant community. We then explore what second language acquisition research can (not) teach us about second language instruction, especially the facilitating role that teachers can play in supporting child second language development.
Passives in Lithuanian (in comparison with Russian)
Authors: Geniušienė Emma Š. 
Published: March 2014

This paper is concerned with passives and related phenomena in Lithuanian, namely, actional, statal, and evidential passives (all of these marked with the help of passive participles), and quasi-passives (with reflexive marking). The purpose is to show the features they share and the distinctions between them in the formation, tense paradigms, and functions. Comparisons with Russian are drawn to bring into relief the specific nature of Lithuanian passives and quasi-passives.
The passive form of the verb serves the functions of marking (a) syntactic changes, viz. patient promotion and/or agent demotion/deletion, (b) the pragmatic function of highlighting the action denoted by the verb, and (c) semantic functions, i.e. expression of a meaning absent in the active forms, viz. stativization (the meaning of the state resultaing from a prior action) and evidentiality – in the case of statal and evidential passives. The syntactic changes named are not the ultimate goal of passive marking. They in their turn have the pragmatic functions of foregrounding and/or backgrounding of the arguments (cf. Kazenin 2001:907–908). Passive forms are assigned to the class of actional, statal or evidential passives by force of their function.
This paper is based on my previous research on passives, reflexive verbs and resultatives (Geniušiene 1973, 1974, 1987; Geniušiene & Nedjalkov 1988).
A Preliminary study of same-turn self-repair initiation in Wichita conversation
Authors: Mirzayan Armik 
Published: March 2014

The main goal of this study is to explore some of the phonetic, morphological, and syntactic resources of same-turn self-repair initiation that are available to speakers of Wichita, an indigenous North American language from the Caddoan family. A 28-minute natural conversation between three Wichita speakers is coded and analyzed within a conversation analytic approach. Within this approach the study focuses on same-turn self-repair, a subtype of natural conversational repair process in which an emerging utterance is stopped by the current speaker in some way and is then aborted, recast, continued, or redone by the speaker within the same turn.
Wichita is a polysynthetic language with complex morphology and morphophonemic alternations that accompany the formation of phrases and sentences (Rood 1976, 1996). Conversational analysis research in Wichita – and in structurally similar languages in general – is at a very early stage. This pioneering study thus focuses on a form-based analysis that illuminates the possible means for self-repair initiation in Wichita conversation, as well as giving insight into some of the phonetic and prosodic aspects that accompany the self-repair initiations. The study also touches on a few fundamental morphosyntactic issues by considering the nodes within complex Wichita “words” where self-repairs are generated.
This detailed form-based analysis yields some interesting conclusions about morphosyntactic constraints on self-repair in a polysynthetic language. In particular, the study uncovers what the relationship between conversational repair, syntax, and morphology is and how these facets of interaction and grammar are interdependent (Schegloff 1979). Furthermore, the results of the study help enrich our general understanding of the function of self-repair in conversational interaction, either in terms of the types of variations that we can expect cross-linguistically or in terms of the generalizations that we can make about natural discourse structure. The discussion at the end of the paper sketches how some of the findings are, or are not, compatible with general results from previous work on same-turn self-repair as outlined by Schegloff, Jefferson, and Sacks (1977) and Jasperson (1998, 2002).
The grammaticization of but as a final particle in English conversation
Authors: Mulder Jean , Thompson Sandra A. 
Published: March 2014

We examine the behavior of turn-final but in a corpus of spoken American and Australian English, proposing two hypotheses. First, the behavior of but can be modeled as a continuum from a prosodic-unit-initial to a prosodicunit-final discourse particle. Second, as but “moves” along this continuum, its conversational function changes, in a way that is consistent with what has been described in the grammaticization literature.
In both our American and Australian data, both prosodically and sequentially, speakers give evidence of taking another’s prior but-ending utterance as having been finished, but with an implication left “hanging”. However, our Australian data provide considerable evidence of Australian English “final but” having become a “fully-developed” final particle marking contrastive content.
Objective conjugations in Eskaleut and Uralic
Authors: Mahieu Marc-Antoine 
Published: March 2014

Languages in several eastern branches of the Uralic family have “objective” verbal paradigms, so called because they encode information on both the subject and the direct object. This feature has traditionally been compared, particularly from the genetic standpoint, with the Eskaleut transitive conjugation. The justification for this comparison is nevertheless weakened by current views on the nature and functioning of the objective conjugation in Proto-Uralic. In particular, it is now assumed that pronominal endings were always directly attached to the verb root. In this paper, I use data from Mansi (traditionally classified as Ob-Ugrian) to show that the Uralic objective conjugation must have resembled, and still resembles today, the Eskaleut transitive conjugation more than is currently allowed, at least in structural terms.
Language in Hong Kong
Authors: Webster Jonathan J. 
Published: March 2014

Ten years after the return of Hong Kong to Chinese sovereignty, English continues to play a significant role in the life of the Hong Konger. This paper surveys the changing perception of English in Hong Kong since 1997: while it used to be considered a colonial language, it has now turned into an “international language of ‘upward and outward mobility’” (Flowerdew and Scollon 1997: 419). In particular, the educational policies concerning English as a medium of instruction at the secondary school level in the special administrative region (SAR) will be discussed. Finally, it will be argued that in the future Hong Kong’s language policy will most likely continue to promote development of biliteracy and trilingualism.
Response to Dettmers et al. (2012): Great Lakes Fisheries Managers Are Pursuing Appropriate Goals
Authors: Claramunt Randall M , Clapp David F 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT
After reading the article by Dettmers et al. in the November 2012 issue of Fisheries (“Management of Alewife Using Pacific Salmon in the Great Lakes: Whether to Manage for Economics or the Ecosystem?”), we feel compelled to respond and to present a different perspective on this important management issue. Despite the generally positive contribution to Great Lakes literature made by this article, it contains several inaccuracies concerning the past and current state of Great Lakes ecosystems. Dettmers et al. present an oversimplification of options currently available to Great Lakes fisheries managers; a false dichotomy describing only two future options for management of these fisheries. We submit that managers could strive to “… maintain a diverse salmonid community, [while proceeding] (to the extent possible) with native species rehabilitation” and we conclude that, “… on each of the Great Lakes, managers are pursuing appropriate goals, managing the aquatic resources of the lakes for the greatest public good, given the variability in conditions and likelihood for success specific to each lake.”
RESUMEN
después de leer el artículo de Dettmers et al. que apareció en el volumen de noviembre de 2012 de la revista Fisheries (“Manejo de la alosa utilizando el salmón del Pacífico en los Grandes Lagos: manejo de la economía o el ecosistema”) nos sentimos obligados a dar una respuesta y presentar una perspectiva distinta a este importante asunto de manejo. Pese a que la contribución del citado artículo a la literatura sobre los Grandes Lagos es positiva en términos generales, contiene numerosas imprecisiones en cuanto al estado pasado y presente de los ecosistemas de los Grandes Lagos. Dettmer et al. presentan una lista sobre-simplificada de opciones disponibles para los administradores pesqueros en los Grandes Lagos; una falsa dicotomía que describe sólo dos opciones futuras para el manejo de estas pesquerías. Sostenemos que los administradores pudiesen basarse en “…mantener una comunidad diversa de salmónidos [mientras se avanza] (en la medida de lo posible) hacia la rehabilitación de especies nativas” y concluimos que “…en cada uno de los Grandes Lagos, los administradores persiguen objetivos adecuados y, dada la variabilidad de condiciones y verosimilitud de éxito específicos de cada lago, gestionan los recursos acuáticos de los lagos en pos de un mayor bien público.”
Rhetoric and Modernism: The Case of Poetry’s Banquet, 1914
Authors: Keller Michael 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT
Unlike poets of previous eras, who allowed that rhetoric might serve the interests of poetry, modernist poets typically disparaged rhetoric as debased and corrupting—a source of overblown diction and of appeals to public taste that undermined serious art. Yet if rhetoric was a suspect means of addressing the public, how might poets procure an audience beyond the coterie—an audience of sufficient size to confer legitimacy and prestige? This problem vexed William Butler Yeats and Ezra Pound, but their efforts to resolve it—implicated in the staging of a banquet to promote Poetry magazine—exposed the contradictions and costs inherent in their phobic conception of rhetoric.
The Two Faces of Cincinnatus: A Rhetorical Theory of the State of Exception
Authors: Engels Jeremy 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT
This article offers a rhetorical theory of what Giorgio Agamben has called the “state of exception” through a genealogy of the figure of Cincinnatus. In classical Rome, Cincinnatus was named dictator not once, but twice; first to save the city from invaders, and second to put down a popular, democratic uprising. Here we see the two sides of exception, or what I call the two faces of Cincinnatus: enemyship, and sovereign violence. These two faces are linked by an anti-democratic logic that is premised on the will of “the people,” as becomes clear in the counter-revolutionary writings of the founders of the United States.