bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with Mortality and Infections in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage
Authors: Martinez-Martinez Marco Ulises , Sturbaum Anne K. , Alcocer-Varela Jorge , Merayo-Chalico Javier , Gómez-Martin Diana , Gómez-Bañuelos José de Jesús Eduardo , Saavedra Miguel Ángel , Enciso-Peláez Sandra , Faugier-Fuentes Enrique , Maldonado-Velázquez Rocío , Suárez-Larios Luz María , Vega-Morales David , Casasola-Vargas Julio César , Carrillo Pérez Diego Luis , Abril Andy , Butendieck Ronald , Irazoque-Palazuelos Fedra , Abud-Mendoza Carlos 
Published: July 2014

Objective.To evaluate factors associated with mortality and infections in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH).Methods.A retrospective chart review was carried out for medical admissions of patients with a diagnosis of SLE and DAH in 9 hospitals. Clinical and laboratory data were recorded for each patient at DAH diagnosis.Results.We included 57 episodes of DAH of 50 patients (7 recurrences), 49 women (86%), 14 juvenile SLE (24.6%); 24 had died (42.1%). In the chart review we detected infection in 22 episodes (38.6%): 8 invasive fungal infections, 16 bacterial infections, and 2 patients had both types. In the bivariate analysis, factors associated with mortality were high Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores, requirement of mechanical ventilation (OR 15.0, 95% CI 1.9 to 662.2), infections (fungal or bacterial; OR 3.2, CI 0.9 to 11.1), renal failure (OR 4.9, CI 1.4 to 18.0), and thrombocytopenia (OR 4.3, CI 1.2 to 15.6). We found similar mortality between children and adults. Infections were associated with treatment for SLE, requirement of mechanical ventilation, hypocomplementemia, and high levels of C-reactive protein.Conclusion.Infection is a frequent finding in patients with DAH and SLE; we found similar mortality between adult SLE and juvenile SLE. Factors that we describe associated with infections may influence the therapeutic selection for these patients.
L'appareil sécuritaire syrien, socle d'un régime miné par la guerre civile
Authors: Belhadj Souhaïl 
Published: July 2014

Le déclenchement de la guerre civile syrienne en 2011 n’a pas conduit à l’effondrement du régime baasiste contrairement aux prévisions qui avaient été avancées. Le président Assad et le pouvoir syrien en général connaissent même un second souffle si l’on se fie aux données militaires, politiques et diplomatiques actuelles du conflit civil. La raison décisive, car en elle-même suffisante, pour expliquer la résilience du régime baasiste est la cohésion de l’élite sécuritaire du pays. Cette élite constitue le socle du régime parce qu’elle est à la tête de l’administration du renseignement, l’organisation la plus ramifiée et la plus enracinée socialement de l’Etat syrien. C’est donc en se fondant avant tout sur des facteurs explicatifs internes que l’on peut saisir la dynamique de la guerre civile syrienne, même si des facteurs externes – l’implication des puissances étrangères – doivent être impérativement pris en considération.
La politique syrienne de l'Iran : entre intérêts stratégiques et débats internes
Authors: Coville Thierry 
Published: July 2014

L’Iran soutient le gouvernement syrien dans la guerre civile car ce pays lui donne accès au monde arabe et permet une liaison directe avec le Hezbollah. De plus, il dit devoir répondre en Syrie à une « stratégie d’agression » menée par l’Arabie saoudite à travers le soutien à des groupes tafkiristes. Cependant, sa position sur la Syrie n’est pas figée et sous l’influence du nouveau président iranien, Téhéran pourrait jouer un rôle utile pour sortir de cette crise.
L'« axe de la résistance » dans le feu syrien : perspective du Hezbollah
Authors: Leroy Didier 
Published: July 2014

Initialement constitué de l’Iran, de la Syrie, du Hezbollah libanais et du Hamas palestinien, l’« axe du refus » a subi un coup dur dans le contexte de la guerre syrienne. Le présent texte explore le caractère disparate de cette coalition moyen-orientale, en adoptant pour angle d’approche celui du Hezbollah devenu protagoniste du conflit. Cet exercice révèle certes des intérêts communs qui expliquent la réalité partielle de ce paradigme mais il met également en relief des agendas propres à chaque acteur qui trahissent la virtualité relative de celui-ci.
La destruction du patrimoine culturel à Alep : banalité d'un fait de guerre ?
Authors: David Jean-Claude , Boissière Thierry 
Published: July 2014

Dans le conflit qui bouleverse actuellement la Syrie, les causes communautaires et confessionnelles sont régulièrement présentées comme étant les principales motivations des belligérants. La destruction du patrimoine, à Alep comme dans d’autres villes et sites archéologiques syriens, est l’une des conséquences les plus spectaculaires de ce conflit meurtrier, mais les causes de cette destruction sont multiples et les motivations idéologiques et confessionnelles ne sont peut-être pas les plus importantes. Pour comprendre l’acharnement destructeur dont Alep est la cible depuis 2012, nous proposons de revenir sur la nature et les origines historiques du concept de patrimoine tel qu’il est mis en oeuvre en Syrie et sur la perception que les habitants et les responsables en ont. Cette mise en perspective nous permet de mieux comprendre les réactions parfois hostiles ou indifférentes que l’on peut observer dans les deux camps, loyaliste et rebelle, vis à vis de ce patrimoine mondialement reconnu.
Geostrategic stakes and the impact of the conflict in the Orontes River basin
Authors: Haj Asaad Ahmed , Jaubert Ronald 
Published: July 2014

Le bassin de l’Oronte comprend quelques-unes des zones les plus touchées par le conflit en Syrie. Les accès à la région côtière, les frontières avec le Liban et la Turquie, les grandes ressources en eau et l’agriculture sont des enjeux géostratégiques clés dans le conflit en cours. Puissants moyens de contrôle du territoire, les infrastructures en eau domestique et agricole ont été délibérément prises pour cibles par les forces du régime, principalement, et de l’opposition. Ainsi, l’accès à l’eau potable est actuellement critique dans de grandes parties du bassin, plus de 50 % de la population dispose de moins de 20 l / j. De son côté, la production agricole a diminué de plus de 70 %, en grande partie en raison de l’interruption de l’approvisionnement en eau des zones irriguées.	Le bassin de l’Oronte est une région clé dans le conflit en cours, elle le restera dans la période de transition post-conflit. Au-delà de la nécessité d’accroître l’aide d’urgence, la planification de la réhabilitation des infrastructures d’eau et la gestion des ressources en eau seront des éléments clés à considérer dans une perspective de réconciliation.
L'addiction aux jeux d'argent chez la femme
Authors: Domić Zorka 
Published: July 2014

Nous verrons tout d’abord que l’essentiel de la littérature concernant le jeu excessif prend appui sur l’homme joueur. L’analyse du jeu chez la femme résulte d’une simple transposition des recherches effectuées sur des groupes d’hommes. Le fait que le jeu pathologique en général soit avant tout masculin n’est pas sans soulever un certain nombre de questions. L’accès au soin est plus difficile pour les femmes et ne trouve pas d’autres choix que de rester invisible. Ensuite, par le biais de vignettes cliniques, nous détaillerons le profil psychopathologique de la femme addicte au jeu, celle qui cherche à fuir les problèmes de couple et de la famille, ainsi que la solitude, l’ennui, et qui trouve dans le jeu une « automédication » contre l’angoisse et le manque d’estime de soi. Enfin, nous nous appuierons sur l’œuvre de Fiodor Dostoïevski, Le Joueur, pour étudier la problématique du jeu chez nos patients.
Qu'en est-il de la cyberaddiction sexuelle ?
Authors: Codina Irène 
Published: July 2014

Nous nous proposons dans cet article d’essayer de mieux cerner à la fois l’addiction sexuelle et l’addiction sexuelle via Internet. Nous nous pencherons successivement sur l’histoire du concept, sa classification, sa définition, l’épidémiologie du phénomène, la physiologie du comportement sexuel et le traitement des usages problématiques. Notre réflexion sera plus particulièrement étayée par les réflexions de P. Carnes, développées dans son livre « In the shadows of the net » que nous analyserons en détail, ainsi que par la revue de la recherche empirique sur le sujet menée par M. Griffiths, et enfin sur notre propre expérience clinique.
Les relations entreprises-communautés : les leçons de l'expérience d'Hydro-Québec et des Cris
Authors: Baba Sofiane , Raufflet Emmanuel 
Published: July 2014

Les questions liées aux relations entre entreprises et communautés locales se sont imposées au cours des dernières années comme un enjeu de gestion important pour nombre d’entreprises, en particulier dans le secteur industriel et des ressources naturelles. Comment construire, cultiver et reconstruire des relations durables et de réciprocité entre entreprises et communautés locales ? À partir de l’analyse de l’expérience de près de quatre décennies de relations entre Hydro-Québec et la Nation autochtone crie entourant le lancement de vastes projets hydroélectriques, cet article relève des pratiques prometteuses en matière de gestion des relations entreprises-communautés. Ainsi, l’établissement et le maintien de relations durables, qui doivent s’appuyer sur la notion d’« acceptabilité sociale », représentent un processus continu qu’il faut renouveler à toutes les étapes de la vie d’un projet.
Corneal Cross-linking for Treatment of Progressive Keratoconus in Various Age Groups
Authors: Soeters Nienke , van der Valk Rikkert , Tahzib Nayyirih G. 
Published: July 2014

PURPOSE:
To compare the effect of corneal cross-linking (CXL) for keratoconus in various age groups and to investigate the influence of the topographic cone location on the outcome of CXL.

METHODS:
This cohort study included 95 patients (119 eyes) diagnosed as having progressive keratoconus who underwent epithelium-off standard protocol CXL from January 2010 through May 2012. For statistical analysis, patients were divided into three age groups: pediatric patients (< 18 years), adolescent patients (18 to 26 years), and adults (> 26 years). Visual acuity and refraction, topography, intraocular pressure, and endothelial cell counts were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively.

RESULTS:

Topographic cones were located more centrally in pediatric corneas (0.85 ± 0.66 mm) compared to adolescent corneas (1.49 ± 0.76 mm,
P
= .002) and adult corneas (1.86 ± 0.99 mm,
P
< .001). Pediatric corneas flattened 1 year after CXL by a mean of 1.8 diopters (D), compared to 1.1 D in the other age groups. Central cones (0 to 1 mm) were steeper (62.3 ± 8.3 D) before treatment than peripheral cones (3 to 4 mm) (55.9 ± 8.9 D). One year after CXL, corrected distance visual acuity improved in all age groups, with the highest improvement in pediatric eyes (−0.23 ± 0.40 logMAR,
P
= .044).

CONCLUSIONS:
Before CXL, cones of pediatric keratoconic corneas were located more centrally than in the two older age groups. After CXL, pediatric corneas showed more corneal flattening and more corrected distance visual acuity improvement. Pediatric CXL was equally safe compared to adolescent and adult CXL.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(7):454–460.]
Higher-Order Aberrations Associated With Better Near Visual Acuity in Eyes With Aspheric Monofocal IOLs
Authors: Song In Seok , Kim Myoung Joon , Yoon Sam Young , Kim Jae Yong , Tchah Hungwon 
Published: July 2014

PURPOSE:
To investigate higher-order aberrations (HOAs) related to increased uncorrected near visual acuity in eyes with aspheric monofocal intraocular lenses.

METHODS:
All patients underwent phacoemulsifica-tion followed by implantation of aspheric monofocal intraocular lenses with a negative spherical aberration (Tecnis one-piece, ZCB00; Abbott Medical Optics, Inc., Milpitas, CA). The distance-corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA), corrected near visual acuity, uncorrected near visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, uncorrected distance visual acuity, defocus curve, and ocular and corneal HOAs were examined 1 month after surgery. All near visual acuity measurements were taken with a 4-mm external aperture after pharmacologic dilation. Eyes were divided into two groups according to the DCNVA: eyes with DCNVA of 0.4 logMAR (20/50 Snellen) or better (0.4 logMAR or better group) and eyes with DCNVA worse than 0.4 logMAR (0.4 logMAR or worse group). The HOAs for a 4-mm pupil between the two groups were compared.

RESULTS:

A total of 37 eyes of 36 patients were included. The mean ocular spherical aberration was −0.010 ± 0.033
μ
m in the 0.4 logMAR or better group and −0.012 ± 0.023
μ
m in the 0.4 logMAR or worse group (
P
= .28). Among ocular HOAs, only vertical coma Z
3
−1
showed a significant difference between the groups, with a mean ocular vertical coma of −0.038 ± 0.043
μ
m in the 0.4 logMAR or better group and 0.015 ± 0.061
μ
m in the 0.4 logMAR or worse group (
P
= .01). In corneal HOAs, no components showed a significant difference between the groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
In cases of aspheric intraocular lens implantation, ocular vertical coma may be a major HOA associated with better near visual acuity. Although corneal aberrations are major determinants of ocular aberrations after cataract surgery, aberrations from internal optics may still play an important role in visual performance.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(7):442–446.]
Retrospective Evaluation of the Influence of Pupil Size on Visual Acuity After KAMRA Inlay Implantation
Authors: Tomita Minoru , Kanamori Tomomi , Waring George O. , Huseynova Tukezban 
Published: July 2014

PURPOSE:
To investigate the influence of pupil size on visual acuity after KAMRA inlay (AcuFocus, Inc., Irvine, CA) implantation.

METHODS:
Five hundred eighty-four presbyopic eyes of 584 patients who underwent LASIK were evaluated. Uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA), uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and corrected near visual acuity (CNVA) were measured. Two groups were classified: small pupil (pupil diameter < 6 mm) and large pupil (pupil diameter ≥ 6 mm) for both mesopic (pupil diameter < 4 mm) and photopic (pupil diameter ≥ 4 mm) pupil size parameters. The follow-up period was 6 months.

RESULTS:

There were no significant differences in UNVA (
P
= .98) and CNVA (
P
= .16) between the mesopic pupil size groups; however, there were significant differences in UDVA (
P
= .023) and CDVA (
P
= .039). There was a weak correlation between pupil size and UDVA of the large mesopic pupil size group (r
s
= 0.129,
P
= .04). There were no significant differences in UNVA (
P
= .78), CNVA (
P
= .92), UDVA (
P
= .19), and CDVA (
P
= .60) for the photopic pupil size groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
Pupil size does not have an influence on the resultant visual acuity after KAMRA inlay implantation. No correlation was found between preoperative and postoperative pupil size and visual acuity for the mesopic pupil groups.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(7):448–453.]
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Quorum-Sensing Molecule Homoserine Lactone Modulates Inflammatory Signaling through PERK and eI-F2α
Authors: Grabiner Mark A. , Fu Zhu , Wu Tara , Barry Kevin C. , Schwarzer Christian , Machen Terry E. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa secrete N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-homoserine lactone (HSL-C12) as a quorum-sensing molecule to regulate bacterial gene expression. Because HSL-C12 is membrane permeant, multiple cell types in P. aeruginosa-infected airways may be exposed to HSL-C12, especially adjacent to biofilms where local (HSL-C12) may be high. Previous reports showed that HSL-C12 causes both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects. To characterize HSL-C12’s pro- and anti-inflammatory effects in host cells, we measured protein synthesis, NF-κB activation, and KC (mouse IL-8) and IL-6 mRNA and protein secretion in wild-type mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF). To test the role of the endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer, PERK we compared these responses in PERK−/− and PERK-corrected PERK−/− MEF. During 4-h treatments of wild-type MEF, HSL-C12 potentially activated NF-κB p65 by preventing the resynthesis of IκB and increased transcription of KC and IL-6 genes (quantitative PCR). HSL-C12 also inhibited secretion of KC and/or IL-6 into the media (ELISA) both in control conditions and also during stimulation by TNF-α. HSL-C12 also activated PERK (as shown by increased phosphorylation of eI-F2α) and inhibited protein synthesis (as measured by incorporation of [35S]methionine by MEF). Comparisons of PERK−/− and PERK-corrected MEF showed that HSL-C12’s effects were explained in part by activation of PERK→phosphorylation of eI-F2α→inhibition of protein synthesis→reduced IκBα production→activation of NF-κB→increased transcription of the KC gene but reduced translation and secretion of KC. HSL-C12 may be an important modulator of early (up to 4 h) inflammatory signaling in P. aeruginosa infections.
COMPARISON OF ANTIMICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TO OLDER AND NEWER QUINOLONES VERSUS PIPERACILLIN-TAZOBACTAM, CEFEPIME AND MEROPENEM IN FEBRILE PATIENTS WITH CANCER IN TWO REFERRAL PEDIATRIC CENTERS IN TEHRAN, IRAN
Authors: Nateghian Ali , Robinson Joan , Vosough P. , Navidinia M. , Malekanl M. , Mehrvar A. , Sobuti B. , Bahadoran Pooria , Gholinejad Z. 
Published: July 2014

Infection in pediatric cancer patients has become a concerning problem due to increasing antimicrobial resistance. The goal of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns of blood isolates from pediatric oncology patients in Iran to determine if quinolones are appropriate for empiric therapy. Methods Children with cancer who were admitted with or developed fever during admission to Aliasghar Children’s Hospital or Mahak Hospitals July 2009 through June 2011 were eligible for enrollment. Two blood cultures were obtained. Antimicrobial sensitivity test was performed for ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, meropenem, cefepime, and piperacillin-tazobactam on isolates from children who were bacteremic. Results Blood cultures were positive for 39 episodes in 169 enrolled children but 9 episodes were excluded as blood cultures were thought to be contaminated, yielding a bacteremia rate of 29/160 (18%). The mean age of children and the stage of malignancy did not differ between those with and without bacteremia. Meropenem was the most likely antibiotic to cover isolates (97%) with cefepime having the lowest coverage rate (21%). Quinolone coverage ranged from 63% to 76%. Conclusion Quinolones are not suitable for use as empiric therapy in febrile pediatric oncology patients in Iran.
The impact of adherence on costs and effectiveness of telemedical patient management in heart failure
Authors: Sauermann S. , Schreier G. , Hameed A. S. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryObjective: This paper analyzes evidence of the impact of patients’ adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological recommendations on the treatment costs of heart failure (HF) patients.Methods: A systematic review was performed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Papers were searched using various combinations of the following keywords: ‘telemedicine’, ‘telemonitoring’, ‘telehealth’, ‘eHealth’, ‘remote monitoring’, ‘adherence’, ‘compliance’, ‘cost-effectiveness’, ‘cost-benefit’, ‘heart failure’, ‘healthcare costs’, ‘hospitalization’, and ‘drug costs’. We included only papers written in English or German, published between 1998 and 2014, and having one of our search terms in the title.Results: Initially, 73 papers were selected. After a detailed review, these were narrowed done to 9 that reported an association between adherence and/or compliance and costs. However, none established a quantitative relationship between adherence and total healthcare costs.Conclusion: A model-based cost-effectiveness analysis that appropriately considers adherence has not been carried out so far, but is needed to fully understand the potential economic benefits of telehealth.Citation: Hameed AS, Sauermann S, Schreier G. The impact of adherence on costs and effectiveness of telemedical patient management in heart failure: A systematic review. Appl Clin Inf 2014; 5: 612–620http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2014-04-RA-0037
A Survey of Multitasking Behaviors in Organizations
Authors: Russ Molly , Crews Derek E. 
Published: July 2014

Individual and organizational differences in multitasking have been largely ignored by previous research. As both individual employee and organizational characteristics exert unique and important influences on an organizational system, this study tentatively explores relationships between multitasking and individual differences and organizational outcomes. The individual differences include age, gender, personality, position in organization, tenure with employer, and industry. Organizational outcomes include commitment, job satisfaction, and pay satisfaction. A survey was administered to graduate students and alumni in an Executive MBA program, and an undergraduate business degree program. The study found that multitasking behaviors are widely occurring in the workplace, but employees’ perceptions about multitasking conflict with their reported behavior. The results indicate that the productivity losses from multitasking and interruptions are substantial, yet very few companies provide training on how to multitask effectively. The findings also provide evidence of a possible generational component in multitasking effectiveness.
Customization of Transfer of Training to the job: A Qualitative Study among Bank Managers in Ghana
Authors: Asumeng Maxwell Amoah 
Published: July 2014

Recent studies have presented transfer of training to the job as a dynamic process in which customization is perceived as an important aspect of the transfer process. In spite of its significance in affecting transfer intentions and behavior, the decision to engage in customization of transfer of training by trainees has not been adequately explained in the extant literature. For the purpose of espousing the importance of customization of transfer of training in the transfer process, the study was conducted to examine how managers in a bank transfer knowledge from training to the job. Twelve managers from a reputable bank in Ghana were in-depth interviewed following a recent training program they had attended. Thematic content analysis of the data showed that managers transfer training to the job through customization, that is, integration and adaptation of training information . Consistent with the theory on the dynamics of transfer, it was concluded that customization of transfer of training was the medium through which transfer intention is developed
The Influence of Work Life Balance and Job Satisfaction on Organizational Commitment of Healthcare Employees
Authors: Azeem Syed Mohammad , Akhtar Nadeem 
Published: July 2014

The study examines the effects of perceived work-life balance and job satisfaction on organizational commitment among healthcare employees. It was predicted that perceived work-life balance fosters job satisfaction which leads to the organizational commitment among employees in the long run. The degree of work-life balance is measured using the five statements from Chaney (2007) and eight statements from Gutak et. Al. (1991). Short version of the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) was used to measure job satisfaction. Organizational commitment was measured by selecting 11 items from Blau et.al.’s (1993) work commitment index. 275 respondents completed the survey. Results showed that respondents have moderate level of perceived work-life balance, job satisfaction and commitment. Significant relationship is found among work-life balance, job satisfaction and organizational commitment. A regression analysis revealed that 37% variance in organizational commitment and job satisfaction is attributed to work-life balance.