bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital Three‐Dimensional Model of Lumbar Region 4–5 and its Adjacent Structures Based on a Virtual Chinese Human
Authors: Yang Bo , Fang Shi‐bing , Li Chang‐shu , Yin Biao , Wang Le , Wan Sheng‐yu , Xie Jing‐kai , Ding Qiang , Tang Lei , Zhong Shi‐zhen 
Published: May 2013

ObjectiveTo study the methods for constructing a digitized three‐dimensional (3D) model of a virtual lumbar region and its adjacent structures in order to assist anatomical study and virtual surgery.MethodsImages of DSCF5375‐p1 to DSCF5745‐p1 were taken from the database of the digitized Virtual Chinese human of Southern Medical University in Guangzhou. This region encompasses the superior facet joint of L4 to the inferior edge of the intervertebral body of L5. The regions of interest were interactively segmented from the images utilizing Adobe Photoshop software. The images were further processed using format conversion and segmentation. Finally, a 3D model of the L4–5 region and its neighboring structures was reconstructed with the assistance of Mimics 10.01 software.ResultsA digitized 3D model of this part of the virtual lumbar spine and its adjacent structures was reconstructed. This model allows all constructed structures to be displayed individually or jointly, moved or rotated arbitrarily, setting of different transparencies and convenient measurement of the diameters and angles of the reconstructed structures. The 3D model precisely displays the anatomical relationships between all structures and provides a reliable 3D model for a spinal endoscopic surgery simulation system.ConclusionVisualization of the digitized 3D reconstruction of the virtual lower lumbar region displays this region and its adjacent structures stereoscopically and in actuality, thus providing morphological data concerning anatomy, image diagnosis and virtual operations in this region.
Single Vertebra Tuberculosis Presenting with Solitary Localized Osteolytic Lesion in Young Adult Lumbar Spines
Authors: Zhen Ping , Li Xu‐sheng , Lu Hao 
Published: May 2013

ObjectiveTo describe the clinical and imaging findings in young adults with single vertebra tuberculosis presenting with solitary osteolytic lesions.MethodsSix patients with proven tuberculosis of a single vertebra of the lumbar spine presenting with solitary osteolytic lesion were retrospectively evaluated. There were four male and two female patients with a mean age of 27.6 years (range, 22–38 years). The clinical and imaging features (plain radiographs, CT and MRI) were studied in all six patients.ResultsInvolvement occurred from L1 to L5 vertebral levels. The patients presented with local back pain and tenderness but without any obvious deformity of spine or cold abscess. In each case, imaging demonstrated a well‐defined, solitary, lytic lesion of average diameter 1.6 cm with thin sclerotic margins within a vertebral body. There were no fragments within the lesions and no paravertebral soft tissue extension around the affected vertebral bodies. The tuberculous eitology was confirmed by CT‐guided biopsy in two patients and by curettage of the lesion in four.ConclusionTuberculosis affecting a single vertebral body presenting with a localized solitary osteolytic lesion is an unusual form of single vertebra tuberculosis. MRI combined with CT scan of the vertebral body can be very helpful for precisely defining the location of the lesion and extent of osseous destruction. Such small, solitary, osteolytic lesions are often confused with other single vertebra diseases that can have similar appearances on imaging.
Comparison of Functional Performance after Total Knee Arthroplasty Using Rotating Platform and Fixed‐bearing Prostheses with or without Patellar Resurfacing
Authors: Chen Liao‐bin , Tan Yang , Al‐Aidaros Mohammed , Wang Hua , Wang Xin , Cai Shu‐han 
Published: May 2013

ObjectiveTo retrospectively compare the functional performances of rotating platform and fixed‐bearing total knee arthroplasties with or without patellar resurfacing.MethodsOne hundred and ninety‐seven patients (205 knees) of mean age 66.4 years were randomly assigned to receive different prostheses. One hundred ninety‐five patients, including 97 fixed‐bearing prostheses with 37 patellae resurfaced and 106 rotating platform prostheses with 76 patellae resurfaced, were followed up for a mean duration of 32 months.ResultsOutcomes in the rotating platform with patellar resurfacing and fixed‐bearing with patellar resurfacing groups did not differ significantly according to Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) scores and flexion and extension angles. For total knee arthroplasties without patellar resurfacing, there were no significant differences in HSS score and flexion angle between the rotating platform and fixed‐bearing subgroups. Although the extension angle of rotating platform prostheses was slightly better than that of the fixed‐bearing in the patellar non‐resurfacing group, this difference was not clinically significant.ConclusionsRotating platform and fixed‐bearing prostheses have similar overall postoperative outcomes with regard to postoperative HSS scores and extension and flexion angles. Rotating platform prostheses are not superior to fixed bearing prostheses.
The Effects of Exercise Therapy for the Improvement of Jaw Movement and Psychological Intervention to Reduce Parafunctional Activities on Chronic Pain in the Craniocervical Region
Authors: Makino Izumi , Arai Young‐Chang P. , Aono Shuichi , Hayashi Kazuhiro , Morimoto Atsuko , Nishihara Makoto , Ikemoto Tatsunori , Inoue Shinsuke , Mizutani Miyuki , Matsubara Takako , Ushida Takahiro 
Published: May 2013

AbstractPurposeApparent organic abnormalities are sometimes not identified among patients suffering from chronic pain in the craniocervical region. In some cases, parafunctional activities (PAs) are recognized. PAs are nonfunctional oromandibular activities that include jaw clenching and bruxism, but are considered as factors that contribute to craniomandibular disorders (CMDs). It is now recognized that PAs and CMDs influence musculoskeletal conditions of the upper quarter. Exercise therapy (ET) to improve jaw movement and psychological intervention (PI) to reduce PAs are useful for PAs and CMDs. We hypothesized that ET and PI would be effective for craniocervical pain without organic abnormalities.MethodsThirty‐nine subjects suffering from craniocervical chronic pain were allocated into 3 groups: The control group received only pharmacological treatment; the ET group received jaw movement exercise (JME); and the ET‐PI group received JME and PI. Pain and jaw movement were evaluated using a numerical rating scale (NRS).ResultsAfter interventions, the NRS scores were significantly lower in the ET‐PI group, compared with those in the other groups. Jaw movement improved 100% in the ET group, 92% in the ET‐PI group, and 0% in the control group.ConclusionA combination of jaw exercise and psychological intervention to reduce parafunctional activities is more effective than jaw exercise alone for the improvement of craniocervical pain without apparent organic abnormalities.
Frost promotes the pathogenicity of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae in Actinidia chinensis and A. deliciosa plants
Authors: Ferrante P. , Scortichini M. 
Published: May 2013

Frost occurs in all major areas of cultivation, presenting a threat for the production of kiwifruit crops worldwide. A series of experiments were performed on 1‐year‐old, potted plants or excised twigs of Actinidia chinensis and A. deliciosa to verify whether strict relationships exist between bacterial canker outbreaks from Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) attacks and the occurrence of autumn and winter frost events. The association between the occurrence of autumn frost and the sudden outbreak of bacterial canker in A. chinensis in central Italy has been confirmed. Both autumn and winter frosts promote Psa multiplication in the inoculated twigs of both species. The day after the frost, reddish exudates oozing from the inoculation sites were consistently observed in both species, and Psa was re‐isolated in some cases. During the thawing of both A. deliciosa and A. chinensis twigs, the 2‐cm upward and downward migration of Psa from the inoculation site was observed within 3 min, and the leaves were consistently colonized with the pathogen. A consistent brown discoloration, accompanied with a sour‐sap odour, was observed throughout the length of the excised twigs of both Actinidia species after Psa inoculation and winter frost. Psa inoculation induced a remarkably higher necrosis in excised twigs that were not frozen compared with P. s. pv. syringae inoculation. Antifreeze protection using irrigation sprinklers did not influence the short‐term period of Psa and P. s. pv. syringae multiplication in both A. deliciosa and A. chinensis twigs. Thus, the damage from frost, freeze thawing and the accumulation of Psa in Actinidia twigs promotes the migration of the pathogen within and between the orchards. Taken together, the results obtained in this study confirmed that A. deliciosa is more frost tolerant than A. chinensis, autumn frosts are more dangerous to these crops than winter frosts, and in the absence of Psa, young kiwifruit plants remain sensitive to frost.
First record of the genus Dudresnaya (Dumontiaceae, Rhodophyta) in New Zealand waters
Authors: D'Archino Roberta , Sutherland Judith E. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryThe genus Dudresnaya is reported for the first time in New Zealand waters. Samples were collected in Bay of Islands, northern New Zealand, on rhodolith beds and at the edge of a rocky reef, between −5 and −10 m depth. The species was identified by morphological and anatomical characters as Dudresnaya capricornica and its identity was confirmed by molecular sequence data. This species is characterized by terete radial branches, outer cortical cells cylindrical, presence of hexagonal crystals, lack of annulation and mucilage coat on auxiliary cell branches, oblique division of carpogonium and cystocarps no cleft. The rbcL phylogenetic analysis showed the genus Dudresnaya is strongly supported and sister to taxa in the family Dumontiaceae. This family is also closely related to the families Rhizophillidaceae and Kallymeniaceae. This is the first record of the family Dumontiaceae in New Zealand.
Cardiac defense in response to imminent threat in women with multiple trauma and severe PTSD
Authors: Schalinski I. , Elbert T. R. , Schauer M. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) arises as a long‐term result of exposure to trauma and brings with it an altered autonomic response to potentially threatening stimuli. The present study investigates the dynamic sequence of cardiac defense in women with and without PTSD. An acoustic noise of 0.5‐s duration and 105 dB was used to elicit the cardiac defense reaction. The stimulus was repeated three times. Within the PTSD sample, respondents who suffered from more severe PTSD showed a higher heart rate at rest, a higher baseline, and a greater response. Compared to the healthy subjects, the PTSD group showed an elevated heart rate from 6 s to 25 s following the presentation of the first stimulus. There was evidence of habituation in the PTSD group and hints of differential effects on the cardiac defense of traumatic experiences with a high proximity of danger.
Self‐report and behavioral measures of reward sensitivity predict the feedback negativity
Authors: Bress Jennifer N. , Hajcak Greg 
Published: May 2013

AbstractRewards are integral to learning associations that aid in survival. The feedback negativity (FN), an event‐related potential that differentiates outcomes indicating monetary losses versus gains, has recently emerged as a possible neural measure of reward processing. If this view is correct, then the FN should correlate with measures of reward sensitivity in other domains, although few studies have investigated this question. In the current study, 46 participants completed a self‐report measure of reward responsiveness, a signal detection task that generated a behavioral measure of reward sensitivity, and a gambling task that elicited an FN. Consistent with the view that the FN reflects reward‐related neural activity, a larger FN correlated with increased behavioral and self‐report measures of sensitivity to reward.
Clinical Features, STAT3 Gene Mutations and Th17 Cell Analysis in Nine Children with Hyper‐IgE Syndrome in Mainland China
Authors: Zhang L.‐Y. , Tian W. , Shu L. , Jiang L.‐P. , Zhan Y.‐Z. , Liu W. , Zhao X.‐D. , Cui Y.‐X. , Tang X.‐M. , Wang M. , Wu D.‐Q. , Yang X.‐Q. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractHyper‐IgE syndrome (HIES) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disease characterized by eczema, recurrent staphylococcal aureus skin abscesses, pneumonia with pneumatocele formation, remarkably high serum IgE levels, eosinophilia and involvement of skeleton and connective tissues. Heterozygous signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mutations were shown to be the cause of autosomal dominant HIES (AD‐HIES). In this study, we diagnosed nine patients with HIES from 9 unrelated families on the basis of a National Institutes of Health (NIH) score of ≥40 points, sequenced the STAT3 gene of all nine patients, and quantified Th17 cells in peripheral blood of seven patients by flow cytometry in mainland China. All nine patients had characteristic manifestation of HIES with the range of NIH scores 45–77 points. STAT3 hot mutations V637M or R382W/Q were identified in five patients. We identified two novel heterozygous missense mutations (T620S and R609G) located in Src homology 2 (SH2) domain in two patients, respectively. In two other patients, no STAT3 mutations were found. Quantified Th17 cell numbers were markedly decreased or absent (0–0.28% of CD4+T cells) in six patients with STAT3 mutations and almost normal (0.53% of CD4+T cells) in one wild‐type STAT3 patient compared with healthy controls (0.40–2.25% of CD4+T cells). These results suggest that not all patients with HIES who had NIH scores over 40 points carry STAT3 mutations, those whose Th17 cell numbers strikingly decreased probably had AD‐HIES with STAT3 mutations.
γδ T Cell Receptor Deficiency Attenuated Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy and Promoted Regulatory T cell Expansion
Authors: Zhu H. , Li J. , Wang S. , Liu K. , Wang L. , Huang L. 
Published: May 2013

Abstractγδ T cell comprises about 5% of the overall T cell population, and they differ from conventional αβ T cells. Previous studies have indicated the contribution of γδ T cell to acute allograft rejection, but the role of γδ T cell in cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is not investigated. Hearts of adult B6.C‐H‐2bm12KhEg were heterotopically transplanted into major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II‐mismatched C57BL/6 mice (wild‐type, γδ TCR−/−), which is an established murine model of chronic allograft rejection without immunosuppression. The survival of grafts was monitored daily by abdominal palpation until the complete cessation of cardiac contractility. Our current study demonstrated that γδ T cell receptor (TCR) deficiency significantly attenuated CAV, and this effect coincides with low expression of Hmgb1, IFN‐γ and IL‐17 while increased number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, and depletion of regulatory T cells abrogated the prolonged allograft survival induced by γδ TCR deficiency. γδ TCR deficiency resulted in attenuated CAV and prolonged graft survival in murine models of cardiac transplantation, and this effect was associated with enhanced expansion of regulatory T cells.
Origin Effects, Spatial Dynamics and Redistribution ofFDI InGuangdong,China
Authors: Xu Zhihua , Yeh Anthony 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBased on panel regression analysis and interviews of 70 foreign‐invested enterprises (FIEs) in 2009, this paper compares the spatial dynamics and redistribution of foreign direct investment (FDI) fromHongKong,Taiwan,Japan and theUSinGuangdong province. We found thatFDIinGuangdong tends to favour cities closer toHongKong, with lower wage rates, better market potential and more preferential policies, and to follow the agglomeration ofFDIfrom the same origin. The diverse home‐based characteristics have resulted into the varied pathways of spatial redistribution ofFDI.HongKongFIEshave been searching for lower‐cost regions given the rise of production cost and tightened environmental regulation. In contrast, the redistribution ofFIEsfromJapan andTaiwan are more sensitive to their home‐based business linkages, whereas Japanese and theUS FIEstend to value access to domestic market and to expand in large cities outsideGuangdong.
Housing Projects for Low‐Income Groups and Modes of Economic Integration: A Comparative Study in Greater Cairo
Authors: Abouelmagd Doaa , Kesteloot Christian , Corijn Eric 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe housing of low‐income groups in Greater Cairo has always been difficult. However, the general shortage in housing supply is contrasting with the low occupancy rate of newly constructed public housing units. In contrast, despite their bad living conditions, informal settlements have a high occupancy rate. In order to analyse the reasons behind this contradiction, the paper compares four neighbourhoods ranging from formal and semi‐informal to informal housing production and including one rehabilitation project. The livelihood conditions in each settlement are unravelled with the concept of modes of economic integration from Polanyi. For this purpose, semi‐structured interviews were conducted and analysed with correspondence analysis. The findings indicate a preference among low‐income groups for informal settlements because of three reasons: the advantages of geographical location, the nature of social networks and the strength of private redistribution systems, thus enabling an easier access to means of existence. The results and recommendations are further discussed in the paper.
Talent Acquisition in the IT Industry in Bangalore: A Multi‐Level Study
Authors: van Riemsdijk Micheline 
Published: May 2013

AbstractMultinational corporations have established research and development centres in India to take advantage of low‐cost labour and sophisticated science and technology facilities. India is becoming a global competitor in innovation, and its knowledge‐intensive firms increasingly need skilled workers. This article investigates talent acquisition in the information technology (IT) industry in Bangalore, also known as India's Silicon Valley. In particular, the paper studies the local supply and demand of human capital, which is critical for innovation and competition in the global knowledge economy. The author argues for a multi‐level study to better understand labour needs in emerging economies. In conclusion, the article addresses local and national institutional obstacles to talent acquisition and discusses future labour challenges in India's IT industry.
The Impact of Urban Sprawl on Social Segregation in Beijing and a Limited Role for Spatial Planning
Authors: Zhao Pengjun 
Published: May 2013

AbstractExploring the links between urban sprawl and social segregation is an important theme in urban research. Although many studies are available, conclusions are still mixed. This paper contributes to our existing understanding of the impact of sprawl on social segregation, looking at the case of Beijing. The results of the analysis show that sprawling development, characterised by scattered gated communities, low‐density luxury villas, informal development and uneven distributions of public services and transport infrastructures in the peri‐urban regions, have increased residential segregation between low‐income and high‐income residents and between local residents and migrants. Planning policies designed to control urban sprawl and encourage a compact city could have a positive role in reducing social segregation. However, the role of spatial planning is limited as there are still other institutional factors influencing social segregation in China's cities, two of the most relevant here being the remaining hukou system and dual land system.
Human platelets pathogen reduced with riboflavin and ultraviolet light do not cause acute lung injury in a two‐event SCID mouse model
Authors: Chi Xuan , Zhi Li , Vostal Jaroslav G. 
Published: May 2013

BackgroundPathogen reduction technologies (PRTs) can induce platelet (PLT) lesions that reduce PLT survival and recovery from circulation and may be associated with acute lung injury (ALI).Study Design and MethodsHuman PLTs (hPLTs) in plasma with or without single or multiple Mirasol PRT treatments were assessed in vitro by aggregation and percentage of P‐selectin expression. In vivo studies included PLT recovery in SCID mice and assessment of ALI in a two‐event mouse model in which the sensitizing event was lipopolysaccharide injection and the second event was infusion of Mirasol‐treated hPLTs.ResultsA single‐dose Mirasol treatment (5 J/cm2) did not induce any change in aggregation in response to adenosine 5′‐diphosphate (ADP) while a five‐times‐repeat Mirasol treatment (5×) increased aggregation response to low concentration of ADP. Mirasol PLTs (1×‐5×) had increased percentage of P‐selectin–positive PLTs after treatment and decreased aggregation with TRAP as the agonist. In vivo recovery in SCID mice was reduced extensively with Mirasol treatments (1× and 5×). In the two‐event model of ALI, only the 5× Mirasol PLTs accumulated in the lung and this was not accompanied by changes in lung histology or increases in MIP‐2 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.ConclusionsMirasol PRT treatment induced PLT activation and reduced in vivo recovery in a SCID mouse model of transfusion. In our two‐event mouse model of ALI, the 5× Mirasol hPLTs accumulated in the lung, but did not cause signs of ALI. The 1× Mirasol treatment did not lead to PLT lung accumulation or ALI in this model.
Lack of Serum Antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi in Children with Autism
Authors: Burbelo Peter D. , Swedo Susan E. , Thurm Audrey , Bayat Ahmad , Levin Andrew E. , Marques Adriana , Iadarola Michael J. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTIt has been proposed thatBorrelia burgdorferiinfection is present in ∼25% of children with autism spectrum disorders. In this study, antibodies againstBorrelia burgdorferiwere assessed in autistic (n= 104), developmentally delayed (n= 24), and healthy control (n= 55) children. No seropositivity againstBorrelia burgdorferiwas detected in the children with and without autism. There was no evidence of an association between Lyme disease and autism.
Clinical Bovine Piroplasmosis Caused by Babesia occultans in Italy
Authors: Decaro Nicola , Larocca Vittorio , Parisi Antonio , Losurdo Michele , Lia Riccardo Paolo , Greco Maria Fiorella , Miccolis Antonio , Ventrella Gianpiero , Otranto Domenico , Buonavoglia Canio 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT

A clinical outbreak of bovine piroplasmosis was reported in Italy. The etiological agent was characterized as
Babesia occultans
, a parasite regarded as apathogenic and never detected before in continental Europe. This report paves the way for further studies to assess the occurrence of this tick-transmitted protozoan in other European regions.