bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STARE-HI – Statement on Reporting of Evaluation Studies in Health Informatics
Authors: Brender J. , Talmon J. , Keizer N. de , Nykänen P. , Rigby M. , Ammenwerth E. 
Published: July 2013

Summary
Background: Improving the quality of reporting of evaluation studies in health informatics is an important requirement towards the vision of evidence-based health informatics. The STARE-HI – Statement on Reporting of Evaluation Studies in health informatics, published in 2009, provides guidelines on the elements to be contained in an evaluation study report.
Objectives: To elaborate on and provide a rationale for the principles of STARE-HI and to guide authors and readers of evaluation studies in health informatics by providing explanatory examples of reporting.
Methods: A group of methodologists, researchers and editors prepared the present elaboration of the STARE-HI statement and selected examples from the literature.
Results: The 35 STARE-HI items to be addressed in evaluation papers describing health informatics interventions are discussed one by one and each is extended with examples and elaborations. Conclusion: The STARE-HI statement and this elaboration document should be helpful resources to improve reporting of both quantitative and qualitative evaluation studies. Evaluation manuscripts adhering to the principles will enable readers of such papers to better place the studies in a proper context and judge their validity and generalizability, and thus in turn optimize the exploitation of the evidence contained therein.
Limitations: This paper is based on experiences of a group of editors, reviewers, authors of systematic reviews and readers of the scientific literature. The applicability of the details of these principles has to evolve as a function of their use in practice.
Screen Media Use and Mental Health of Children and Adolescents
Authors: Schmidt-Persson Jesper , Rasmussen Martin Gillies Banke , Sørensen Sarah Overgaard , Mortensen Sofie Rath , Olesen Line Grønholt , Brage Søren , Kristensen Peter Lund , Bilenberg Niels , Grøntved Anders 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceExcessive screen media use has been associated with poorer mental health among children and adolescents in several observational studies. However, experimental evidence supporting this hypothesis is lacking.ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of a 2-week screen media reduction intervention on children’s and adolescents’ mental health.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prespecified secondary analysis of a cluster randomized clinical trial with a 2-week follow-up included 89 families (with 181 children and adolescents) from 10 Danish municipalities in the region of Southern Denmark. All study procedures were carried out in the home of the participants. Enrollment began on June 6, 2019, and ended on March 30, 2021. This analysis was conducted between January 1 and November 30, 2023.InterventionFamilies were randomly allocated to a screen media reduction group or a control group. The 2-week screen media reduction intervention was designed to ensure a high level of compliance to the reduction in leisure-time screen media use. Participants allocated to the intervention group had to reduce their leisure-time screen media use to 3 hours per week or less per person and hand over smartphones and tablets.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was the between-group mean difference in change in total behavioral difficulties, measured by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at 2-week follow-up. Results were estimated using mixed-effects tobit regression models. Analyses were carried out as both intention to treat and complete case.ResultsIn the sample of 89 families including 181 children and adolescents (intervention group [45 families]: 86 children; mean [SD] age, 8.6 [2.7] years; 42 girls [49%]; control group [44 families]: 95 children; mean [SD] age, 9.5 [2.5] years; 57 girls [60%]), there was a statistically significant between-group mean difference in the total difficulties score, favoring the screen media reduction intervention (−1.67; 95% CI, −2.68 to −0.67; Cohen d, 0.53). The greatest improvements were observed for internalizing symptoms (emotional symptoms and peer problems; between-group mean difference, −1.03; 95% CI, −1.76 to −0.29) and prosocial behavior (between-group mean difference, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.39-1.30).Conclusions and RelevanceThis secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial found that a short-term reduction in leisure-time screen media use within families positively affected psychological symptoms of children and adolescents, particularly by mitigating internalizing behavioral issues and enhancing prosocial behavior. More research is needed to confirm whether these effects are sustainable in the long term.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04098913
Mediterranean Diet and Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Children and Adolescents
Authors: López-Gil José Francisco , García-Hermoso Antonio , Martínez-González Miguel Ángel , Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceNo prior systematic review and meta-analysis has specifically verified the association of Mediterranean diet (MedDiet)–based interventions with biomarkers of cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents.ObjectiveTo review and analyze the randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that assessed the effects of MedDiet-based interventions on biomarkers of cardiometabolic health among children and adolescents.Data SourcesFour electronic databases were searched (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus) from database inception to April 25, 2024.Study SelectionOnly RCTs investigating the effect of interventions promoting the MedDiet on cardiometabolic biomarkers (ie, systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], triglycerides [TGs], total cholesterol [TC], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], glucose, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]) among children and adolescents (aged ≤18 years) were included.Data Extraction and SynthesisA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Data were extracted from the studies by 2 independent reviewers. Results across studies were summarized using random-effects meta-analysis.Main Outcome and MeasuresThe effect size of each trial was computed by unstandardized mean differences (MDs) of changes in biomarker levels (ie, SBP, DBP, TGs, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR) between the intervention and the control groups. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations approach.ResultsNine RCTs were included (mean study duration, 17 weeks; range, 8-40 weeks). These studies involved 577 participants (mean age, 11 years [range, 3-18 years]; 344 girls [59.6%]). Compared with the control group, the MedDiet-based interventions showed a significant association with reductions in SBP (mean difference, −4.75 mm Hg; 95% CI, −8.97 to −0.52 mm Hg), TGs (mean difference, −16.42 mg/dL; 95% CI, −27.57 to −5.27 mg/dL), TC (mean difference, −9.06 mg/dL; 95% CI, −15.65 to −2.48 mg/dL), and LDL-C (mean difference, −10.48 mg/dL; 95% CI, −17.77 to −3.19 mg/dL) and increases in HDL-C (mean difference, 2.24 mg/dL; 95% CI, 0.34-4.14 mg/dL). No significant associations were observed with the other biomarkers studied (ie, DBP, glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that MedDiet-based interventions may be useful tools to optimize cardiometabolic health among children and adolescents.
Use of the model statement in determining the veracity of opinions
Authors: Mann Samantha , Vrij Aldert , Deeb Haneen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe examined the efficacy of a Model Statement to detect opinion lies. A total of 93 participants discussed their opinion about the recent strikes on two occasions, 1 week apart. In one interview they told the truth and in the other interview they lied. Each interview consisted of two phases. In Phase 1 they discussed their alleged opinion (truth or lie as appropriate). They then either listened to a Model Statement (a detailed account of someone discussing an opinion about a topic unrelated to strike actions) and expressed their opinion again in Phase 2 (Model Statement present condition) or they discussed their opinion again without listening to a Model Statement (Model Statement absent condition). The verbal cues examined were pro‐opinion arguments, anti‐opinion arguments, plausibility, immediacy, directness, clarity, and predictability. The truthful statements sounded more plausible in Phases 1 and 2 than the deceptive statements, providing further evidence that plausibility is a strong veracity indicator. The truthful statements included more pro‐arguments and sounded more immediate and direct than the deceptive statements, but only in Phase 2. The Model Statement had no effect. Reasons for the Model Statement null‐effect are discussed.
Biofabrication and Monitoring of a 3D Printed Skin Model for Melanoma
Authors: Vázquez‐Aristizabal Paula , Henriksen‐Lacey Malou , García‐Astrain Clara , Jimenez de Aberasturi Dorleta , Langer Judith , Epelde Claudia , Litti Lucio , Liz‐Marzán Luis M. , Izeta Ander 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThere is an unmet need for in vitro cancer models that emulate the complexity of human tissues. 3D‐printed solid tumor micromodels based on decellularized extracellular matrices (dECMs) recreate the biomolecule‐rich matrix of native tissue. Herein a 3D in vitro metastatic melanoma model that is amenable for drug screening purposes and recapitulates features of both the tumor and the skin microenvironment is described. Epidermal, basement membrane, and dermal biocompatible inks are prepared by means of combined chemical, mechanical, and enzymatic processes. Bioink printability is confirmed by rheological assessment and bioprinting, and bioinks are subsequently combined with melanoma cells and dermal fibroblasts to build complex 3D melanoma models. Cells are tracked by confocal microscopy and surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) mapping. Printed dECMs and cell tracking allow modeling of the initial steps of metastatic disease, and may be used to better understand melanoma cell behavior and response to drugs.
Ambient Moisture‐Driven Self‐Powered Iontophoresis Patch for Enhanced Transdermal Drug Delivery
Authors: Ge Zhenyou , Guo Wenshang , Tao Ye , Li Shixin , Li Xiao , Liu Weiyu , Meng Xiangyu , Yang Ruizhe , Xue Rui , Ren Yukun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIontophoretic transdermal drug delivery (TDD) devices are known to enhance the transdermal transport of drugs. However, conventional transdermal iontophoretic devices require external power sources, wired connections, or mechanical parts, which reduce the comfort level for patients during extended use. In this work, a self‐powered, wearable transdermal iontophoretic patch (TIP) is proposed by harvesting ambient humidity for energy generation, enabling controlled TDD. This patch primarily uses moist‐electric generators (MEGs) as its power source, thus obviating the need for complex power management modules and mechanical components. A single MEG unit can produce an open‐circuit voltage of 0.80 V and a short‐circuit current of 11.65 µA under the condition of 80% relative humidity. Amplification of the electrical output is feasible by connecting multiple generator units in series and parallel, facilitating the powering of certain commercial electronic devices. Subsequently, the MEG array is integrated with the TDD circuit to create the wearable TIP. After 20 min of application, the depth of drug penetration through the skin is observed to increase threefold. The effective promotion effect of TIP on the transdermal delivery of ionized drugs is corroborated by simulations and experiments. This wearable TIP offers a simple, noninvasive solution for TDD.
Internet of Things and Machine Learning Enabled Smart e‐Textile with Exceptional Breathability for Point‐of‐Care Diagnostics
Authors: Mondal Bidya , Saini Dalip , Mishra Hari Krishna , Mandal Dipankar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the convergence of smart electronic textile (e‐textile) and digital technology has emerged as a transformative shift in healthcare, offering innovative solutions for point‐of‐care diagnostics. However, the development of textile electronics with exceptional functionality and comfort still remains challenging. Here, all‐electrospun piezoelectric smart e‐textile empowered is reported by Internet of Things (IoT) and machine learning for advanced point‐of‐care diagnostics. The resulting e‐textile exhibits exceptional breathability (b ≈ 4.13 kg m−2 d−1), flexibility, water‐resistive properties (water contact angle ≈137°), and mechano‐sensitivity of 1.5 V N−1 due to its mechanical‐to‐electrical energy conversion abilities. It can efficiently monitor different critical biomedical healthcare signals, such as, arterial pulse and respiration rate. Importantly, the e‐textile sensor demonstrates remarkable attributes, generating an open circuit voltage of 10.5 V, a short circuit current of 7.7 µA, and power density of 4.2 µW cm−2. Moreover, the e‐textile provides real‐time, non‐invasive monitoring of human physiological movements through IoT. It is worth highlighting that the machine learning showcases an impressive 96% of accuracy in detecting respiratory signals, representing a significant accomplishment. Thus, this e‐textile has enormous potential in remote patient monitoring and early disease detection, aiming to reduce healthcare costs, enhance patient outcomes, and improve the overall quality of medical care.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Bicyclization of 1‐(2,2‐Dibromovinyl)‐2‐Alkenylbenzene with Allenyl Malonates
Authors: Zhou Ping‐Xin , Liu Yang , Wang Cui‐Tian , Li Kexin , Ren Feng , Tan Xinqiang , Liang Yong‐Min 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed bicyclization of 1‐(2,2‐dibromovinyl)‐2‐alkenylbenzene with allenyl malonates has been achieved to afford a series of bicyclic compounds. The protocol involves intermolecular carbopalladation of allenes/cyclization/internal Heck reaction. Three C−C bonds and two rings are formed in one step.
K3PO4–Mediated Synthesis of Chromeno–[3,4‐c]isoxazole from 3–Nitro–2H–chromene and α–Chloro Aldehyde via Michael Addition/C−Cl Bond Cleavage/Deformylation as Key Fragmentation Sequences
Authors: Pratap Aniruddh , Shukla Pushpendra Mani , Giri Santanab , Maji Biswajit 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHere we report a transition metal– and oxidant–free annulation cascade method for the synthesis of chromeno–isoxazoles. The annulation reaction involves easily accessible starting materials, 3‐nitro‐2H‐chromene and α‐chloro aldehyde, yielding the structurally intriguing framework, chromeno[3,4‐c]isoxazoles employed by tripotassium phosphate as a base. The isoxazole ring construction over the 2H–chromene unit is believed to occur via a series of multiple reaction sequences. Here, the enolate generation/Michael addition/C−Cl bond cleavage/oxy–anionic addition to reactive tethered‐aldehyde/deformylation via retro–C−C and N−O bond cleavages are the most possible sequences which furnish the desired end–product in good chemical yields. The multiple reaction sequences occur in one‐pot at mild conditions, supported by experimental results and a few control experiments including DFT studies. This process exhibits a broad substrates scope illustrating good functional group compatibility towards both the nitrochromenes and aldehydes, and thus prove to be a general and efficient protocol for the synthesis of chromeno[3,4–c]isoxazoles. Overall, the use of nitrochromene as the limiting reagent, noteworthy functional group tolerance, scalability including great applications like chiral pool strategy towards the synthesis of enantioenriched chromeno‐isoxazole are the additional features.
A Facile Approach to Producing Liposomal J‐Aggregates of Indocyanine Green with Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Stern Noah B , Shrestha Binita , Porter Tyrone 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLiposomal J‐Aggregates of Indocyanine Green (L‐JA) can serve as a biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticle for photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and photothermal therapy (PTT). When compared to monomeric indocyanine green (IcG), L‐JA is characterized by longer circulation, improved photostability, elevated absorption at longer wavelengths, and increased photoacoustic signal generation. However, the documented methods for the production of L‐JA vary widely. An approach to efficiently form IcG J‐aggregates (IcG‐JA) directly in liposomes at elevated temperatures is developed. Aggregating within fully formed liposomes ensures particle uniformity and allows for control of J‐aggregate size. L‐JA has unique properties compared to IcG. L‐JA provides significant contrast enhancement in photoacoustic images for up to 24 h after injection, while IcG and unencapsulated IcG‐JA are cleared within an hour. L‐JA allows for more accurate photoacoustic‐based blood oxygen saturation (sO2) estimation and particle tracking compared to IcG. Furthermore, photothermal heating of L‐JA with an 852 nm laser is demonstrated to be more effective at lower laser powers than conventional 808 nm lasers for the first time. The presented technique offers an avenue for formulating a multi‐faceted contrast agent for photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy that offers significant advantages over other conventional agents.
Constructing CoP/Ni2P Heterostructure Confined Ru Sub‐Nanoclusters for Enhanced Water Splitting in Wide pH Conditions
Authors: Zhang Huimin , Liu Wenhao , Li Zhenhao , Qiao Liang , Chi Kebin , Guo Xiaoyan , Cao Dong , Cheng Daojian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDeveloping efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting is of great significance for realizing sustainable energy conversion. In this work, Ru sub‐nanoclusters anchored on cobalt‐nickel bimetallic phosphides (Ru‐CoP/Ni2P) are constructed by an interfacial confinement strategy. Remarkably, Ru‐CoP/Ni2P with low noble metal loading (33.1 µg cm−2) shows superior activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in all pH values, whose turnover frequency (TOF) is 8.7, 15.3, and 124.7 times higher than that of Pt/C in acidic, alkaline, and neutral conditions, respectively. Meanwhile, it only requires the overpotential of 171 mV@10 mA cm−2 for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and corresponding TOF is 20.3 times higher than that of RuO2. More importantly, the Ru‐CoP/Ni2P||Ru‐CoP/Ni2P displays superior mass activity of 4017 mA mgnoble metal−1 at 2.0 V in flowing alkaline water electrolyzer, which is 105.1 times higher than that of Pt/C||IrO2. In situ Raman spectroscopy demonstrates that the Ru sites in Ru‐CoP/Ni2P play a key role for water splitting and follow the adsorption evolution mechanism toward OER. Further mechanism studies disclose the confined Ru atom contributes to the desorption of H2 during HER and the formation of O‐O bond during OER, leading to fast reaction kinetics. This study emphasizes the importance of interface confinement for enhancing electrocatalytic activity.
Single Molecule Thermodynamic Penalties Applied to Enzymes by Whispering Gallery Mode Biosensors
Authors: Houghton Matthew C. , Toropov Nikita A. , Yu Deshui , Bagby Stefan , Vollmer Frank 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOptical microcavities, particularly whispering gallery mode (WGM) microcavities enhanced by plasmonic nanorods, are emerging as powerful platforms for single‐molecule sensing. However, the impact of optical forces from the plasmonic near field on analyte molecules is inadequately understood. Using a standard optoplasmonic WGM single‐molecule sensor to monitor two enzymes, both of which undergo an open‐to‐closed‐to‐open conformational transition, the work done on an enzyme by the WGM sensor as atoms of the enzyme move through the electric field gradient of the plasmonic hotspot during conformational change has been quantified. As the work done by the sensor on analyte enzymes can be modulated by varying WGM intensity, the WGM microcavity system can be used to apply free energy penalties to regulate enzyme activity at the single‐molecule level. The findings advance the understanding of optical forces in WGM single‐molecule sensing, potentially leading to the capability to precisely manipulate enzyme activity at the single‐molecule level through tailored optical modulation.
Synchrotron Radiation‐Based In Situ GIWAXS for Metal Halide Perovskite Solution Spin‐Coating Fabrication
Authors: Yang Yingguo , Feng Shanglei , Li Xiaoxi , Qin Minchao , Li Lina , Yang Xuyong , Tai Renzhong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSolution‐processable perovskite‐based devices are potentially very interesting because of their relatively cheap fabrication cost but outstanding optoelectronic performance. However, the solution spin‐coating process involves complicated processes, including perovskite solution droplets, nucleation of perovskite, and formation of intermediate perovskite films, resulting in complicated crystallization pathways for perovskite films under annealing. Understanding and therefore controlling the fabrication process of perovskites is difficult. Recently, synchrotron radiation‐based in situ grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) techniques, which possess the advantages of high collimation, high resolution, and high brightness, have enabled to bridge complicated perovskite structure information with device performance by revealing the real‐time crystallization pathways of perovskites during the spin‐coating process. Herein, the developments of synchrotron radiation‐based in situ GIWAXS are discussed in the study of the crystallization process of perovskites, especially revealing the important crystallization mechanisms of state‐of‐the‐art perovskite optoelectronic devices with high performance. At the end, several potential applications and challenges associated with in situ GIWAXS techniques for perovskite‐based devices are highlighted.
One‐Step Fabrication of 0D Cs4PbBr6 Perovskite with Nonlinear Optical Properties for Ultrafast Pulse Generation
Authors: Jiang Ning , Chu Hongwei , Pan Zhongben , Pan Han , Zhao Shengzhi , Li Dechun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLow‐dimensional lead halide perovskites demonstrate remarkable nonlinear optical characteristics attributed to their distinctive physical structures and electronic properties. Nevertheless, the investigation into their nonlinear optical properties remains in its incipient stages. This study addresses this gap by precisely controlling solvent volumes to synthesize both 0D Cs4PbBr6 and Cs4PbBr6/CsPbBr3 perovskites. Remarkably, as saturable absorbers, both pure Cs4PbBr6 and Cs4PbBr6/CsPbBr3 composites exhibit favorable nonlinear optical properties within the C‐band, showcasing modulation depths of 9.22% and 16.83%, respectively. Moreover, for the first time, Cs4PbBr6 and Cs4PbBr6/CsPbBr3 composites have been successfully integrated into erbium‐doped fiber lasers to realize the mode‐locking operations. The utilization of the Cs4PbBr6/CsPbBr3 composites as a saturable absorber that enables the generation of conventional soliton mode‐locked laser pulses with a pulse duration of 688 fs, and a repetition frequency of 10.947 MHz at a central wavelength of 1557 nm. Cs4PbBr6 is instrumental in generating laser pulses at a frequency of 10.899 MHz, producing pulse widths of 642 fs at the central wavelength of 1531.2 nm and 1.02 ps at the central wavelength of 1565.3 nm, respectively. The findings of this investigation underscore the potential utility of 0D Cs4PbBr6 and Cs4PbBr6/CsPbBr3 composites as promising materials for optical modulation within fiber laser applications.