bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The interstellar medium and star formation in nearby galaxies
Authors: Bigiel F. , Cormier D. , Schmidt T. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn this overview article we present some of the key projects we pursue in our Emmy Noether group. Our work is focused on nearby galaxies, where we use multi‐wavelength, state‐of‐the‐art survey data to probe distribution, abundance and properties of gas and dust in the interstellar medium (ISM) on ∼ kpc scales. We study the average, radial distributions of atomic (H I) and molecular hydrogen (H2) across the disks of spiral galaxies and assess local (on 1 kpc scales) correlations between H I, H2 and star formation rate (SFR) surface densities across the inner, optical disks of our sample of ∼ 30 spiral galaxies. The short H2 depletion times (∼ 2 Gyr) we find raises the question of if and how star formation is refueled in galactic disks. We look for such signatures of radial gas flows in our H I data and find compelling evidence at least in one case. We extend and compare our gas‐SFR studies to the outer disks of galaxies, where conditions change significantly in the ISM, e.g., low metallicity and dust abundance. We focus on star formation at low‐metallicity further with detailed ISM studies in dwarf galaxies, where we combine spectroscopic observations in the infrared with detailed modelling to learn about composition and detailed physical properties of the ISM. Of particular interest is the question of what drives large scale star formation in galaxies at low metallicity. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
TIGRE: A new robotic spectroscopy telescope at Guanajuato, Mexico
Authors: Schmitt J. H. M. M. , Schröder K.‐P. , Rauw G. , Hempelmann A. , Mittag M. , González‐Pérez J. N. , Czesla S. , Wolter U. , Jack D. , Eenens P. , Trinidad M. A. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractTIGRE is a new robotic spectroscopy telescope located in central Mexico at the La Luz Observatory of the University of Guanajuato. The 1.2 m telescope is fiber‐coupled to an ´echelle spectrograph with a spectral resolving power exceeding 20000 over most of the covered spectral range between 3800 Å and 8800 Å, with a small gap of 130 Å around 5800 Å. TIGRE operates robotically, i.e. it (normally) carries out all observations without any human intervention, including, in particular, the target selection in any given observing night. In this paper we describe the properties of the TIGRE instrumentation and its technical realization, as well as our first operational experience with the performance and efficiency of the overall system. Finally, we present some examples of recent TIGRE observations. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An augmented Lagrangian origin‐based algorithm for link‐capacitated traffic assignment problem
Authors: Shi Feng , Xu Guang‐ming , Huang Helai 
Published: October 2014

SummaryThe origin‐based algorithm is embedded into the augmented Lagrangian method for the link‐capacitated traffic assignment problem. In order to solve the “nonexistence” problem due to the second partial derivatives of the augmented Lagrangian function at some specific points, the approximate expressions of the second partial derivatives are amended in the origin‐based algorithm. The graph of last common nodes is developed on the basis of the restricted single‐origin network. A method is proposed for finding n–1 last common nodes of the restricted single‐origin network, resulting in computational complexity of O(n2) in finding last common nodes. Numerical analysis on the Sioux Falls network and Chicago Sketch network demonstrated the effectiveness and characteristics of the proposed algorithm. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydrolysis‐determining substrate characteristics in liquid hot water pretreated hardwood
Authors: Kim Youngmi , Kreke Thomas , Ko Ja Kyong , Ladisch Michael R. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTFundamental characterization of pretreated hardwood and its interactions with cellulolytic enzymes has confirmed that a pathway exists for dramatically reducing the loading of cellulase required for hydrolysis of pretreated biomass. We demonstrate that addition of protein effecting a seven‐fold decrease in the specific activity of cellulases enables a ten‐fold reduction in enzyme loading while maintaining a high level of cellulose hydrolysis in pretreated hardwood. While use of protein and other additives that adsorb on lignin have been reported previously, the current work demonstrates the effect in a dramatic manner and brings the rationale for this change into clear focus. The key to this result is recognizing and mitigating the pretreatment conundrum where increasingly severe pretreatment conditions enhance accessibility of the enzymes not only to cellulose, but also to lignin. The lignin adsorbs enzyme protein causing loss of cellulase activity. More enzyme, added to compensate for this lost activity, results in a higher cellulase loading. The addition of a different protein, such as BSA, prevents cellulase adsorption on lignin and enables the enzyme itself to better target its glucan substrate. This effect dramatically reduces the amount of cellulase for a given level of conversion with enzyme loadings of 15 FPU and 1.3 FPU/g solids both achieving 80% conversion. The understanding of this phenomenon reinvigorates motivation for the search for other approaches that prevent cellulase adsorption on lignin in order to achieve high glucose yields at low enzyme loadings for pretreated lignocellulose. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 677–687. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Oncological outcome of malignant colonic obstruction in the Dutch Stent-In 2 trial
Authors: Sloothaak D A M , van den Berg M W , Dijkgraaf M G W , Fockens P , Tanis P J , van Hooft J E , Bemelman W A , van Hooft J E , Fockens P , Bemelman W A , Dijkgraaf M G , Sprangers M A , Buskens C J , Jansen J M , Gerhards M F , Timmer R , van Ramshorst B , Oldenburg B , van Hilligersberg R , Bakker C M , Sosef M , Witteman P , Kruyt P , ten Hove W R , Tseng L N , van der Linde K , Koopal S A , Marinelli A W , Perk L , Lutke Holzik M F , Grubben M J , Heisterkamp J , Depla A C , Derksen E , Naber A H , van Geloven A A , Breumelhof R , Davids P H , Akol H , van der Zaag E , Schenk E , Patijn G A , Veenendaal R A , Tollenaar R A , van Berkel A , Gilissen L P , Nieuwenhuijzen G A , van der Waaij L A , Baas P C , Cense H , Scholten P , van Wagensveld B , Koornstra J J , Havenga K , van Milligen de Wit M , Rijken A M , Cazemier M , Guicherit O R , Houben M H , Steup W H 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Background
The Stent-In 2 trial randomized patients with malignant colonic obstruction to emergency surgery or stent placement as a bridge to elective surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the oncological outcomes.

Methods
Disease recurrence, and disease-free, disease-specific and overall survival were evaluated, including a subgroup analysis of patients with a stent- or guidewire-related perforation.

Results
Of 98 patients included in the original Stent-In 2 trial, patients with benign (16) or incurable (23) disease were excluded from this study, along with a patient who had withdrawn from the trial. Of the remaining 58 patients, 32 were randomized to emergency surgery (31 resection, 1 stoma only) and 26 to stenting. Unsuccessful stenting required emergency surgery in six patients owing to wire or stent perforation. Locoregional or distant disease recurrence developed in nine of 32 patients in the emergency surgery group and 13 of 26 in the stent group. Disease-free survival was worse in the subgroup with stent- or guidewire-related perforation. Five of six patients in this subgroup developed a recurrence, compared with nine of 32 in the emergency surgery group and eight of 20 who had unperforated stenting.

Conclusion
Stent placement for malignant colonic obstruction was associated with a risk of recurrence in this trial, but the numbers are small. There is not enough evidence to refute the approach strongly. Registration number: ISRCTN46462267 (http://www.controlled-trials.com).
BH3‐only protein Bim is upregulated and mediates the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes under glucose and oxygen‐deprivation conditions
Authors: Huang Chahua , Li Juxiang , Hong Kui , Xia Zhen , Xu Yan , Cheng Xiaoshu 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBim is a potent pro‐apoptotic BH3‐only Bcl‐2 member. However, the expression of Bim and its role in cardiac injury induced by ischemia remain unclear. H9c2 cells were subjected to a glucose and oxygen‐deprived (GOD) condition in vitro, mimicking ischemia environment in vivo. GOD treatment augmented the expression of Bim and induced the apoptosis of H9c2 cells. Silencing of Bim by RNAi significantly attenuated GOD‐induced cytotoxicity, suppressed mitochondrial membrane potential △Ψm loss, inhibited caspase 3 activation and reduced apoptosis. The data demonstrate that Bim is upregulated by GOD in a time‐dependent manner in H9c2 cells, and enhances mitochondrial apoptosis dependent on the activation of caspase 3. Silencing of Bim may be a promising therapeutic strategy in ischemia related heart diseases.
Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Grignard Reagents to 3‐Silyl Unsaturated Esters for the Facile Preparation of Enantioenriched β‐Silylcarbonyl Compounds and Allylic Silanes
Authors: Zhao Kai , Loh Teck‐Peng 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA highly enantioselective conjugate addition of Grignard reagents to 3‐silyl unsaturated esters to deliver synthetically useful chiral β‐silylcarbonyl compounds was developed. The synthetic value of this methodology was further illustrated by the synthesis of enantioenriched β‐hydroxyl esters and the facile access granted to various α‐chiral allylic silanes. A plethora of diastereoselective transformations of β‐silylenolates were also investigated and afforded manifold organosilanes that contained contiguous stereogenic centers with excellent enantioselectivity.
Formation and Characterisation of the Silver Hydride Nanocluster Cation [Ag3H2((Ph2P)2CH2)]+ and Its Release of Hydrogen
Authors: Girod Marion , Krstić Marjan , Antoine Rodolphe , MacAleese Luke , Lemoine Jérome , Zavras Athanasios , Khairallah George N. , Bonačić‐Koutecký Vlasta , Dugourd Philippe , O'Hair Richard A. J. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMultistage mass spectrometry and density functional theory (DFT) were used to characterise the small silver hydride nanocluster, [Ag3H2L]+ (where L=(Ph2P)2CH2) and its gas‐phase unimolecular chemistry. Collision‐induced dissociation (CID) yields [Ag2HL]+ as the major product while laser‐induced dissociation (LID) proceeds via H2 formation and subsequent release from [Ag3H2L]+, giving rise to [Ag3L]+ as the major product. Deuterium labelling studies on [Ag3D2L]+ prove that the source of H2 is from the hydrides and not from the ligand. Comparison of TD‐DFT absorption patterns obtained for the optimised structures with action spectroscopy results, allows assignment of the measured features to structures of precursors and products. Molecular dynamics “on the fly” reveal that AgH loss is favoured in the ground state, but H2 formation and loss is preferred in the first excited state S1, in agreement with CID and LID experimental findings. This indicates favourable photo‐induced formation of H2 and subsequent release from [Ag3H2L]+, an important finding in context of metal hydrides as a hydrogen storage medium, which can subsequently be released by heating or irradiation with light.
Engineering Short Peptide Sequences for Uranyl Binding
Authors: Lebrun Colette , Starck Matthieu , Gathu Vicky , Chenavier Yves , Delangle Pascale 
Published: October 2014

AbstractPeptides are interesting tools to rationalize uranyl–protein interactions, which are relevant to uranium toxicity in vivo. Structured cyclic peptide scaffolds were chosen as promising candidates to coordinate uranyl thanks to four amino acid side chains pre‐oriented towards the dioxo cation equatorial plane. The binding of uranyl by a series of decapeptides has been investigated with complementary analytical and spectroscopic methods to determine the key parameters for the formation of stable uranyl–peptide complexes. The molar ellipticity of the uranyl complex at 195 nm is directly correlated to its stability, which demonstrates that the β‐sheet structure is optimal for high stability in the peptide series. Cyclodecapeptides with four glutamate residues exhibit the highest affinities for uranyl with log KC=8.0–8.4 and, therefore, appear as good starting points for the design of high‐affinity uranyl‐chelating peptides.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Chevrel Phase Nanocubes and Their Applications for Multivalent Energy Storage.
Authors: Cheng Yingwen , Parent Lucas R. , Shao Yuyan , Wang Chongmin , Sprenkle Vincent L. , Li Guosheng , Liu Jun 
Published: October 2014

AbstractPure Cu2Mo6S8 nanocubes are prepared from a mixture of (NH4)2MoS4, CuCl2, and graphene in DMF (Ar, 90 °C, 4 h) followed by heating in reducing atmosphere (flowing 4% H2/Ar, 1000 °C, 7 h).
ChemInform Abstract: CaYGaO4; a Fully Ordered Novel Olivine Type Gallate.
Authors: Clark Ryan , Zhu Sarah Jiaxin , Zheng Shou‐Tian , Bu Xianhui , Derakhshan Shahab 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe title compound is prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of Y2O3, CaCO3, and Ga2O3 (900 °C for 24 h and 1250 °C for 48 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Experimental Synthesis and Properties of Metastable CuNbN2 and Theoretical Extension to Other Ternary Copper Nitrides.
Authors: Zakutayev Andriy , Allen Amy J. , Zhang Xiuwen , Vidal Julien , Cui Zhiming , Lany Stephan , Yang Minghui , DiSalvo Francis J. , Ginley David S. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMetastable CuNbN2 is synthesized by a solid state ion‐exchange reaction between polycrystalline NaNbN2 (obtained by solid state reaction of Na metal and NbN under ammonia flow at 500 °C for 24 h) and a 5‐fold excess of CuI (N2 atmosphere, 300 °C, 48 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synergistic Iron‐and‐Amine Catalysis in Carbocyclizations.
Authors: Praveen Chandrasekaran , Leveque Sabine , Vitale Maxime R. , Michelet Veronique , Ratovelomanana‐Vidal Virginie 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe carbocyclization of a wide range of formylalkynes is achieved by using Fe(acac)3 and cyclohexylamine as synergistic catalytic system.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Monodentate Phosphine Ligands for the Enantioselective α‐ and γ‐Arylation of Aldehydes.
Authors: Franzoni Ivan , Guenee Laure , Mazet Clement 
Published: October 2014

AbstractChiral trialkyl monodentate phosphine ligands (I) elaborated on the binepine scaffold are synthesized and applied to the Pd‐catalyzed intramolecular asymmetric α‐arylation of aldehydes as well as the intermolecular asymmetric γ‐arylation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Allylic Substitution of Esters Derived from 2‐Bromocyclohex‐2‐enol with Aryl Copper Reagents and Synthetic Utilization of the Derived anti SN2′ Products.
Authors: Ikoma Atsushi , Kobayashi Yuichi 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe utility of this reaction is demonstrated in the synthesis of compound (VIII), which can be converted into compound (IX), the enantiomer of an intermediate in the synthesis of patchouli alcohol.
ChemInform Abstract: Boron Carboxylate Catalysis of Homoallylboration.
Authors: Dugas Gabrielle J. , Lam Yu‐hong , Houk K. N. , Krauss Isaac J. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractB(O‐CO‐CF3)3 is found to be a mild and efficient catalyst for homoallylation as well as homocrotonylation of aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Picolinamide‐Directed Halogenation of ortho C—H Bonds of Benzylamine Substrates.
Authors: Lu Chengxi , Zhang Shu‐Yu , He Gang , Nack William A. , Chen Gong 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe presented method features the use of an unique combination of alkali chlorate, bromate, or iodate together with potassium persulfate enabling the installation of the corresponding halogen onto the ortho position of N‐benzyl picolinamides.
ChemInform Abstract: Cationic Iron(II) Complexes of the Mixed Cyclopentadienyl (Cp) and the N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Ligands as Effective Precatalysts for the Hydrosilylation of Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Kumar Dharmendra , Prakasham A. P. , Bheeter Linus Paulin , Sortais Jean‐Baptiste , Gangwar Manoj , Roisnel Thierry , Kalita Alok Ch , Darcel Christophe , Ghosh Prasenjit 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe applied catalyst is prepared in moderate yield from the respective benzimidazolium iodide and CpFe(CO)2I.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Oxidation of Sulfides to Sulfoxides Catalyzed by Deep Eutectic Solvent with H2O2.
Authors: Dai Dong‐yan , Wang Liang , Chen Qun , He Ming‐Yang 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMajor advantages of the introduced protocol are broad substrate compatibility, good yields and selectivities, the reusability of the catalyst as well as the possibility of gram‐scale synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: I2‐Catalyzed Divergent Regioselective Addition of Methoxybenzenes with Ethenylbenzenes under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Nageswara Rao Nalajala , Raghavender Reddy Maddi , Ramakrishna Konakalla , Mitaram Meshram Harshadas 
Published: October 2014

Abstract1,2,2‐Triarylethanones (III) are efficiently obtained starting from simple and commercially available electron‐rich arenes and styrenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Tetrasubstituted 3‐Phosphonopyrroles Through Hydroamination: Scope and Limitations.
Authors: Debrouwer Wouter , Heugebaert Thomas S. A. , Stevens Christian V. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of the title compounds is achieved via ZnCl2‐mediated cyclization of propargylic enamines of type (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Perfluoroalkyl‐Substituted Thiophenes and Pyrroles from Donor—Acceptor Cyclopropanes and Heterocumulenes: Synthesis and Exploration of Their Reactivity.
Authors: Gladow Daniel , Reissig Hans‐Ulrich 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe title methylthio‐substituted thiophene and pyrrole derivatives demonstrate that they are precursors of the scarcely explored thienothiophene (VI) and thienopyrrole class (XIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalyzed Enantioselective Mannich Reaction of Pyrazoleamides with Isatin‐Derived Ketimines.
Authors: Li Tian‐Ze , Wang Xi‐Bo , Sha Feng , Wu Xin‐Yan 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe first organocatalytic Mannich coupling of pyrazoleamides with ketimines of type (I)/(VI) is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Synthesis of 4‐(Sulfonyl)‐methyl‐1H‐pyrazoles and (E)‐4,5‐Dihydro‐1H‐pyrazoles from N‐Allenic Sulfonylhydrazones.
Authors: Zhu Yu , Hong Jun‐Jie , Zhou Yun‐Bin , Xiao Yu‐Wei , Lin Min , Zhan Zhuang‐Ping 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA key feature of the title reaction is that the migration of the sulfonyl groups to different positions can be controlled by changing the Lewis acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Ceric Ammonium Nitrate Catalyzed Stereoselective Synthesis of β‐Aminoketones Using 3‐Aryl‐4‐formylsydnones.
Authors: Dorababu Atukuri , Kamble Ravindra R. , Kattimani Pramod P. , Kariduraganavar Mahadevappa Y. , Kamble Atulkumar A. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe title compounds (IV)/(V) are efficiently obtained via three‐component reaction of 3‐aryl‐4‐formylsydnone, various primary aromatic amines, and cyclohexanone.
ChemInform Abstract: FeCl3‐Catalyzed Cascade Reaction: An Efficient Approach to Functionalized Coumarin Derivatives
Authors: He Xinwei , Yan Zhenglei , Hu Xiaoqian , Zuo Yin , Jiang Chang , Jin Lei , Shang Yongjia 
Published: October 2014

Abstractfrom salicylaldehydes and activated methylene compounds
ChemInform Abstract: Chiron Based Synthesis of Isocoumarins: Reactivity of α‐Substituted Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Saddiqa Aisha , Raza Abdul R. , Black David StC. , Kumar Naresh 
Published: October 2014

AbstractHomophthalic acid is coupled with various (S)‐protected amino acid chlorides, but only for substrate (I) the target isocoumarin can be isolated.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, and Fullerene‐Complexing Property of Azacalix[6]aromatics.
Authors: Fa Shi‐Xin , Wang Li‐Xia , Wang De‐Xian , Zhao Liang , Wang Mei‐Xiang 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe efficient synthesis of a variety of the title compounds using approaches employing coupling fragments of different size is presented along with extensive spectroscopic studies of the obtained products.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pyrimidine Derivatives from Three‐Component Reaction of Malononitrile, Aldehydes and Thiourea/Urea in the Presence of High Surface Area and Nanosized MgO as a Highly Effective Heterogeneous Base Catalyst.
Authors: Hassani Zahra 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe new method is more convenient compared to alternative ways, because it needs shorter reaction times, allows straightforward product isolation, and provides higher yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Borylation Reactions of Alkynes: An Efficient Synthesis of E‐Vinyl Boronates.
Authors: Rawat Vikas S. , Sreedhar Bojja 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles can be easily recovered and reused up to 6 times without any significant loss in activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Relay Catalytic Cascade Hydrosiloxylation and Asymmetric Hetero‐Diels—Alder Reaction.
Authors: Li Nan , Chen Dian‐Feng , Wang Pu‐Sheng , Han Zhi‐Yong , Gong Liu‐Zhu 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA binary catalyst system consisting of Au(I) and a chiral Broensted acid is successfully employed in the asymmetric hetero‐Diels—Alder reaction between diphenylsilanols and fluorenyl glyoxylate.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Regioselective Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Heterocycle‐Phosphor Esters.
Authors: Abdou Wafaa M. , Khidre Maha D. , Kamel Azza A. , Awad Ghada E. A. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA variety of heterocyclic phosphonate derivatives are synthesized by reactions of benzoxathiol‐2‐one (I) with phosphorus reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Transformations of (+)‐Abietic Acid into (+)‐Vitedoin B and (+)‐Negundoin A.
Authors: Tapia Ruben , Bouanou Hanane , Alvarez Esteban , Alvarez‐Manzaneda Ramon , Chahboun Rachid , Alvarez‐Manzaneda Enrique 
Published: October 2014

AbstractStereoselective synthesis of spirolactone (+)‐vitedoin B (I) is achieved in 14 steps and spiro enol ether (+)‐negundoin A (II) is obtained in 19 steps from commercially available abietic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Biselyngbyolide B, a Novel ER Stress‐Inducer Isolated from the Marine Cyanobacterium Lyngbya sp.
Authors: Ohno Osamu , Watanabe Ayane , Morita Maho , Suenaga Kiyotake 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBiselyngbyolide B (I) is isolated from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya sp.
Synthesis of Novel Chiral Tridentate Schiff‐Base Ligands and Their Applications in Catalytic Asymmetric Henry Reaction
Authors: Qiang Gen‐Rong , Shen Tian‐Hua , Zhou Xiao‐Cong , An Xiao‐Xia , Song Qing‐Bao 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTA series of chiral tridentate Schiff‐bases were prepared and used as ligands in the catalytic asymmetric Henry reaction. Under the optimal conditions, a variety of arylaldehydes were smoothly converted into corresponding adducts with high yields (up to 98%) and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee). Chirality 26: 780–783, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.