bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family Sculpture
Authors: Gerrard Jeffrey M. 
Published: September 2013

This paper reviews the development and literature on family sculpture and the variety of applications that have evolved. The author then describes his experience with family sculpture in the training of family therapists and suggests indications for its use with families. The method is presented and illustrated with three case studies.In the first case the sculpture is done by three family members, each giving a different perspective. Videotape playback is then used to give them feedback on each of these perspectives. In the second, the sculpture is done by the teenager in the family. Here intensification is applied and the insights from this are then used to develop a strategic intervention. The third case demonstrates a family of origin sculpture with one member of the family.Videotape playback to family and therapist provides an added dimension for reviewing the options for change created in the sculpture. These options are generated in the sculpture which provides a family map indicating what changes are necessary. The options for change can be enacted by the family members and then translated by the therapist via prescription of tasks to change the family system as it functions on a day to day basis.
School Refusal An Empirical Study and System Analysis
Authors: Lang Moshe 
Published: September 2013

The empirical, clinical and theoretical literature on School Refusal is reviewed.A study is reported in which a comprehensive group of forty severe school refusers was compared with a matched control group. They differed on a wide range of variables. The school refusing children were more depressed, anxious, introverted, neurotic, over protected and less intelligent. Their parents' educational attainment and levels of intelligence were lower; they were older and had larger families; father's occupational status was lower and he was often absent from home.The results are discussed.A three level system theory interpretation is presented:
child;
family;
beyond the family.
Some therapeutic implications are offered.
Some Constraints in the Learning of Family Therapy
Authors: Furlong M. , Smith J. , Goding S. 
Published: September 2013

It is the authors' contention that there are identifiable learning constraints for trainee family therapists that influence their rate and range of practice development.These constraints are conceptualised at three levels of abstraction: 1. Dogmas from the stone tablets; 2. Restrictive styles of practice; and 3. Unarticulated presuppositions.The relationship between these constraints is discussed in relation to learning and is presented within a student‐directed framework for adult learning.
Essay/Comment. Instruments of ‘Instant’ Change? A Question of Timing
Authors: Perry Ron 
Published: September 2013

Much current writing and a good deal of training in family therapy tends to focus on ways of intervening that can assist, facilitate, and hasten change.Less attention tends to be given to an equally important question: “WHEN is the right moment for this particular intervention?” The expert and gifted therapists who are the writers and teachers have generally acquired exquisite skills in timing (including assessment). Their writing tends to take these skills for granted and more attention tends to be given to the instruments to be used than to the question of timing.Some training in timing may be possible. At least some extended reflection on the question of timing may increase the dialogue around the use of powerful interventions which, if introduced rashly, can alienate clients, and even at times bring the field of family therapy into some disrepute.
THE RELATIONSHIP CHART — A recording and therapeutic process
Authors: Jordan Peter K 
Published: September 2013

Those affected by a marital separation are inclined to talk about who caused the marriage to end, with blame being widely apportioned. In seeking to help clients come to terms with marital separation, the author developed a process involving the building of The Relationship Chart.The Relationship Chart presents in visual form a record of the couple's relationship. Satir uses a family life chronology to change the focus from an identified client to a family relationships focus. Similarly The Relationship Chart process endeavours to change the focus from blaming others to one in which the partners can focus on their mutual responsibility for their own separation.
Differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on decellularized extracellular matrix materials
Authors: Hoganson D. M. , Meppelink A. M. , Hinkel C. J. , Goldman S. M. , Liu X.‐H. , Nunley R. M. , Gaut J. P. , Vacanti J. P. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractMesenchymal bone marrow stromal cells may be a source of cells to preseed decellularized biologic mesh materials for improved cellularization and promote a more physiologic tissue after remodeling. Spontaneous differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells on the decellularized material would be undesirable. Conversely, induced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on the material would suggest that these materials may have promise as scaffold materials for bone, cartilage, or adipocyte formation. Two sources of mesenchymal cells were evaluated for induced differentiation in control wells. These MSCs were also evaluated for spontaneous or induced differentiation on decellularized porcine dermis and mesothelium materials. Primarily harvested bone marrow MSCs and commercially obtained MSCs were induced into osteoblasts and adipocytes on decellularized dermis and mesothelium materials. The MSCs were able to be induced into chondrocytes in pellet form but not when grown as a monolayer on the materials. The MSCs did not undergo spontaneous differentiation when grown on the materials for up to four weeks. MSC grown on decellularized porcine dermis or mesothelium do not spontaneously differentiate and may serve as a source of autologous cells for preseeding these extracellular matrix materials prior to implantation. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 2875–2883, 2014.
Energy Metabolism Characterization of a Novel Cancer Stem Cell‐Like Line 3AB‐OS
Authors: Palorini Roberta , Votta Giuseppina , Balestrieri Chiara , Monestiroli Andrea , Olivieri Sandro , Vento Renza , Chiaradonna Ferdinando 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTCancer stem cells (CSC) have a central role in driving tumor growth. Since metabolism is becoming an important diagnostic and therapeutic target, characterization of CSC line energetic properties is an emerging need. Embryonic and adult stem cells, compared to differentiated cells, exhibit a reduced mitochondrial activity and a stronger dependence on aerobic glycolysis. Here, we aimed to comparatively analyze bioenergetics features of the human osteosarcoma 3AB‐OS CSC‐like line, and the parental osteosarcoma MG63 cells, from which 3AB‐OS cells have been previously selected. Our results suggest that 3AB‐OS cells depend on glycolytic metabolism more strongly than MG63 cells. Indeed, growth in glucose shortage or in presence of galactose or pyruvate (mitochondrial specific substrates) leads to a significant reduction of their proliferation compared to MG63 cells. Accordingly, 3AB‐OS cells show an increased expression of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and a larger accumulation of lactate in the culture medium. In line with these findings 3AB‐OS cells as compared to MG63 cells present a reduced mitochondrial respiration, a stronger sensitivity to glucose depletion or glycolysis inhibition and a lessened sensitivity to oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors. Additionally, in contrast to MG63 cells, 3AB‐OS display fragmented mitochondria, which become networked as they grow in glucose‐rich medium, while almost entirely loose these structures growing in low glucose. Overall, our findings suggest that 3AB‐OS CSC energy metabolism is more similar to normal stem cells and to cancer cells characterized by a glycolytic anaerobic metabolism. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 368–379, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
X‐ray CT and histological imaging of xylem vessels organization in Mimosa pudica
Authors: Lee Sang Joon , Song Kahye , Kim Hae Koo , Park Joonghyuk 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTMimosa pudica has three distinct specialized organs, namely, pulvinus, secondary pulvinus, and pulvinule, which are respectively controlling the movements of petioles, leaflets, and pinna in response to external stimuli. Water flow is a key factor for such movements, but detailed studies on the organization of the vascular system for water transport in these organs have not been published yet. In this study, organizations of the xylem vessels and morphological features of the pulvinus, the secondary pulvinus, and the pulvinule were experimentally investigated by X‐ray computed tomography and histological technique. Results showed that the xylem vessels were circularly distributed in the specialized motile organs and reorganized into distinct vascular bundles at the extremities. The number and the total cross‐sectional area of the xylem vessels were increased inside the specialized motile organs. Morphological characteristics obtained in this study provided new insight to understand the functions of the vascular networks in the dynamic movements of M. pudica. Microsc. Res. Tech. 76:1204–1212, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Liver transplantation for patients with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus co‐infection: update in 2013
Authors: Eguchi Susumu , Takatsuki Mitsuhisa , Kuroki Tamotsu 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBecause of the progress of anti‐retroviral therapy (ART) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), mortality due to opportunistic infection resulting in AIDS has been remarkably reduced. However, meanwhile, half of those patients have died of end‐stage liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis C virus (HCV) with liver cirrhosis and early occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Recently, in 2013, non‐cirrhotic portal hypertension due to ART drugs or still unknown mechanisms have become problematic with early progression of the disease in this patient population. Liver transplantation (LT) could be one treatment of choice in such cases, but the indications for LT perioperative management, including both HIV and HCV treatments and immunosuppression, are still challenging. In this review, we update the literature on HIV/HCV co‐infection and LT as well as recent effort for modifying allocation system for those patients.
Long‐term fertilisation causes excess supply and loss of phosphorus in purple paddy soil
Authors: Zhang Yue‐Qiang , Wen Ming‐Xia , Li Xue‐Ping , Shi Xiao‐Jun 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhosphorus (P) loss from cropland is accelerating the eutrophication of waters around the world such as the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in China. We investigated whether purple paddy soil under long‐term P applications was a major source of P efflux to the TGR.RESULTSSubstantial surplus P in the plough layer (0–20 cm) was evident after 15‐year P applications. Available P (Olsen‐P) in the plough layer ranged from 1.9 to 42.4 mg kg−1 and some of which will exceed the threshold of 30 mg kg−1 for environmental concern within 7 years of P application (inorganic NPK with or without organic fertiliser). Between 30 and 70% of Olsen‐P was leached out of the 0–30 cm soil layer. Surplus P resulted in high P concentrations in the surface water during the rice cropping season, and these concentrations exceeded those in most waters of the TGR and exceeded the critical level for eutrophication (0.1 mg L−1) during the first 10 days after rice planting. Furthermore, total P in run‐off due to rainfall events exceeded the level for eutrophication, with a total loss of 43.2–147.9 g P ha−1 depending on the fertilisation.CONCLUSIONCurrent agronomic P management in purple paddy soil is environmentally unsustainable in terms of the adverse impact on surface water quality. Integrated P management practices are urgently required to optimise crop yield while minimising P loss in order to protect surface water quality in the TGR region. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
A coalitional control scheme with applications to cooperative game theory
Authors: Maestre J.M. , Muñoz de la Peña D. , Jiménez Losada A. , Algaba E. , Camacho E. F. 
Published: September 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, we present a control scheme in which a set of agents switches between different network topologies in order to regulate a set of unconstrained linear systems. The problems of how to decide the time‐varying communication strategy and the corresponding control strategies are addressed. A design method that guarantees closed‐loop stability for the proposed scheme is also provided. In addition, the network topology optimization problem is posed as a cooperative game, so that tools from game theory can be used to study the relevance of the different links and the agents. Finally, the proposed scheme is illustrated through a simulation example. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of temperature and grain type on the long‐term persistence and efficacy of s‐methoprene in controlling Rhyzopertha dominica
Authors: Li Lei , Zeng Ling , Liang Guangwen 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe efficacy of methoprene can vary with surface substrates, application methods and environmental conditions. The objectives of the present study were to examine the effects of temperature and grain type on the long‐term persistence and efficacy of methoprene in controlling Rhyzopertha dominica from Guangzhou, China.RESULTSMethoprene applied at 1 mg kg‐1 caused >90% suppression of F1 adult progeny of R. dominica for 150–270 days. Temperature and grain type both influenced the long‐term persistence of methoprene. Overall multivariate analysis of variance showed that the order of progeny reduction at different temperatures (°C) was: 24 > 28 > 32 > 36; the order of the progeny reduction on the different grains was: paddy > wheat and maize.CONCLUSIONThe results of our experiments show the maximum effect of methoprene for R. dominica control at 24 °C on paddy. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Cross‐resistance between cyenopyrafen and pyridaben in the twospotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Sugimoto Naoya , Osakabe Masahiro 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDCyenopyrafen is an inhibitor of complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. It has a molecular structure that shares some common features with frequently used complex I inhibitors such as pyridaben. To evaluate whether this similarity in structure poses a cross‐resistance risk that might complicate resistance management, we selected for pyridaben and cyenopyrafen resistance in the laboratory and characterized resistance.RESULTSThe selection for cyenopyrafen conferred cross‐resistance to pyridaben and vice versa. Resistance towards these both acaricides was incompletely dominant in adult females. However, in eggs maternal effects were observed in pyridaben resistance, but not in the cyenopyrafen‐resistance (completely dominant). In the cyenopyrafen resistant strain, the LC50 of eggs remained lower than the commercially recommended concentration. The common detoxification mechanisms by cytochrome P450 was involved in resistance to these acaricides. Carboxyl esterases were also involved in cyenopyrafen resistance as a major factor.CONCLUSIONSAlthough cross‐resistance suggests that pyridaben resistance would confer cyenopyrafen cross‐resistance, susceptibility in eggs functions to delay the development of cyenopyrafen resistance. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSORS AFFLICTING TAILWATER STREAM REACHES ACROSS THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Miranda L. E. , Krogman R. M. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTThe tailwater is the reach of a stream immediately below an impoundment that is hydrologically, physicochemically and biologically altered by the presence and operation of a dam. The overall goal of this study was to gain a nationwide awareness of the issues afflicting tailwater reaches in the United States. Specific objectives included the following: (i) estimate the percentage of reservoirs that support tailwater reaches with environmental conditions suitable for fish assemblages throughout the year, (ii) identify and quantify major sources of environmental stress in those tailwaters that do support fish assemblages and (iii) identify environmental features of tailwater reaches that determine prevalence of key fish taxa. Data were collected through an online survey of fishery managers. Relative to objective 1, 42% of the 1306 reservoirs included in this study had tailwater reaches with sufficient flow to support a fish assemblage throughout the year. The surface area of the reservoir and catchment most strongly delineated reservoirs maintaining tailwater reaches with or without sufficient flow to support a fish assemblage throughout the year. Relative to objective 2, major sources of environmental stress generally reflected flow variables, followed by water quality variables. Relative to objective 3, zoogeography was the primary factor discriminating fish taxa in tailwaters, followed by a wide range of flow and water quality variables. Results for objectives 1–3 varied greatly among nine geographic regions distributed throughout the continental United States. Our results provide a large‐scale view of the effects of reservoirs on tailwater reaches and may help guide research and management needs. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Discovering anomaly on the basis of flow estimation of alert feature distribution
Authors: Liu Xuejiao , Xia Yingjie , Wang Yanbo , Ren Jing 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTA challenge faced by many system administrators in utilizing the intrusion detection system (IDS) is to sift out genuine alerts buried with overwhelming alerts of benign activities generated by the IDS, especially for IDS deployed in large networks. Existing methods propose to identify the real alerts to aid the administrators. In our paper, we extend the idea of filtering irrelevant alerts based on alert volumes. And we formulate the flow estimation of abrupt changes in feature distribution caused by anomalies, by computing Kullback–Leibler distance of alert feature values under observation in comparison with a reference distribution, which is the mixture of a distribution drawing a tread from historical alerts, and a distribution derived from expertise provided by administrators. Experimental studies on the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency dataset as well as real‐life data gathered from the IDS of a large network show that our method is able to distinguish and highlight genuine anomalies arising from the tremendous number of intrusion alerts, including different kinds of attacks and network failures. Application of this technique to alerts greatly helps the administrators in identifying real alerts and then reduces the alert load in the future. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structures and Binary Mixing Characteristics of Enantiomers of 1‐Oleoyl‐2,3‐dipalmitoyl‐sn‐glycerol (S‐OPP) and 1,2‐Dipalmitoyl‐3‐oleoyl‐sn‐glycerol (R‐PPO)
Authors: Mizobe Hoyo , Tanaka Tomoyuki , Hatakeyama Naoko , Nagai Toshiharu , Ichioka Kenji , Hondoh Hironori , Ueno Satoru , Sato Kiyotaka 
Published: September 2013

AbstractWe performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and synchrotron radiation X‐ray diffraction (SR‐XRD) experiments of polymorphic structures and binary mixing characteristics of the enantiomers of 1‐oleoyl‐2,3‐dipalmitoyl‐sn‐glycerol (S‐OPP) and 1,2‐dipalmitoyl‐3‐oleoyl‐sn‐glycerol (R‐PPO). In the two enantiomers, oleic and palmitic acid moieties are asymmetrically connected at the sn‐1 and sn‐3 positions of the glycerol groups, with palmitic acid moiety at the sn‐2 position. Pure enantiomer samples (>99 %) were synthesized and employed throughout this study. The following results were obtained. (1) A basic feature of the mixture systems of S‐OPP and R‐PPO is of a eutectic nature due to different polymorphic structures of two enantiomers and the racemic compound of PPO (rac‐PPO). (2) Polymorphic behavior of S‐OPP and R‐PPO was quite similar, both having α‐2 and β′‐3, whereas rac‐PPO contained α rac‐3, β′rac‐2, and β′rac‐3. The DSC measurements showed that the melting points of β′‐3 (S‐OPP = 35.3 °C and R‐PPO = 34.9 °C) were higher than that of β′rac‐3 (31.0 °C). β was not crystallized in the pure enantiomers, and rac‐PPO. (3) αrac‐3 was crystallized at low cooling rates (~2 °C/min), whereas α‐2 of the two enantiomers was crystallized only with very rapid cooling (~10 °C/min). (4) Triple‐chain‐length structures were formed in αrac‐3, β′S‐3 (=β′R‐3), and β′rac‐3; α‐2 with a double‐chain‐length structure was formed in both enantiomers. These results indicate the importance of the relationship between subcell packing and glycerol conformation in the polymorphism and mixing characteristics of asymmetric unsaturated–saturated‐saturated mixed‐acid triacylglycerols.
Changes in Fatty Acid, Tocopherol and Xanthophyll Contents During the Development of Tunisian‐Grown Pecan Nuts
Authors: Bouali Intidhar , Trabelsi Hajer , Abdallah Ikram Bou , Albouchi Ali , Martine Lucy , Grégoire Stéphane , Bouzaien Ghaith , Gandour Mhemmed , Boukhchina Sadok , Berdeaux Olivier 
Published: September 2013

AbstractAmong oil compounds, fatty acids, tocopherols and xanthophylls (lutein and zeaxanthin) are of special interest due to their nutritional properties. The identification and quantification of these compounds in pecan nuts (Carya illinoinensis) could therefore be very useful to produce functional foods rich in compounds of this type. This paper reports studies on their accumulation and the effect of ripening on the content of these high value‐added compounds. The total lipid content increased during the ripening. Saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased significantly, whereas, monounsaturated fatty acids increased during the ripening of pecan nut fruit. Maximum levels of total tocopherol (279.53 mg/kg oil) and xanthophyll (6.18 mg/kg oil) were detected at 20th weeks after the flowering date. These amounts decreased gradually as ripening advances. The early stages of pecan ripening seem to have nutritional and pharmaceutical interests. These results may be useful for evaluating the pecan nut quality and determining the optimal period when the pecans accumulated the maximum of these nutritional and healthy compounds.