bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Platelets and Their Interaction with Immune Cells in Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Zhang Zhao , Zhou Xianghui , Zhou Xin , Cheng Zhipeng , Hu Yu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) represents a significant global health challenge, ranking as the third leading cause of cardiovascular-related mortality. VTE pervades diverse clinical specialties, posing substantial risks to patient well-being and imposing considerable economic strains on health care systems. While platelets have long been recognized as pivotal players in hemostasis, emerging evidence underscores their multifaceted immune functions and their capacity to engage in crosstalk with other immune cells, such as neutrophils, thereby fostering immune-related thrombosis. Notably, investigations have elucidated the pivotal role of platelets in the pathogenesis of VTE. This review provides a comprehensive overview of platelet physiology, encompassing their activation, secretion dynamics, and implications in VTE. Moreover, it delineates the impact of platelet interactions with various immune cells on the initiation and progression of VTE, explores the correlation between platelet-related laboratory markers and VTE, and elucidates the role of platelets in thrombosis regression.
Kinetic investigation of discharge performance for Xe, Kr, and Ar in a miniature ion thruster using a fast converging PIC-MCC-DSMC model
Authors: Huang Zilin , Hu Yuan , Geng Jinyue , Yang Chao , Sun Quanhua 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The present work develops a full particle-based model that couples the particle-in-cell plus Monte Carlo collision (PIC-MCC) simulation for plasma dynamics and the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method for neutral dynamics in a synergistic iterative manner. This new model overcomes the slow convergence issue in the conventional direct coupling approach caused by the disparity of the time scales between the plasma and neutral dynamics. This model is applied to simulate the behavior of xenon (Xe) and its potential alternatives, krypton (Kr) and argon (Ar), in the discharge chamber of a miniature direct current (DC) ion thruster. The results show that a stable discharge is difficult to achieve for Kr and Ar under the operating conditions optimal for Xe. While increasing the discharge voltage can effectively improve the stability of discharge for Kr and Ar, other common strategies such as changing the magnetic field strength, propellant flow rate, and cathode current are not successful. The propellant utilization efficiency and discharge efficiency are affected by both discharge voltage and propellant flow rate. A maximum utilization efficiency and an optimal discharge efficiency are observed for all three propellants, with the values decreasing in the order of Xe, Kr, and Ar. Moreover, the discharge voltage corresponding to the optimal efficiency is inversely proportional to the square root of the propellant mass, indicating that the ion diffusional loss to the wall, rather than the ionization energy, is the dominant factor affecting the discharge performance for alternative propellants in a miniature DC thruster.
Dynamic properties of the magnetic skyrmion driven by electromagnetic waves with spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum
Authors: Guo 郭 Longfei 龙飞 , Zha 查 Bing 兵 , Sun 孙 Xiaoqiao 晓乔 , Ni 倪 Songmei 松梅 , Huang 黄 Ruiyu 瑞玉 , Chen 陈 Lin 琳 , Tao 陶 Zhikuo 志阔 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We theoretically studied the dynamic properties of the skyrmion driven by electromagnetic (EM) waves with spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) using micromagnetic simulations. First, the guiding centers of the skyrmion driven by EM waves with SAM, i.e., left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized EM waves, present circular trajectories, while present elliptical trajectories under linear EM waves driving due to the superposition of oppositely polarized wave components. Second, the trajectories of the skyrmion driven by EM waves with OAM demonstrate similar behavior to that driven by linearly polarized EM waves. Because the wave vector intensity varies with the phase for both linearly polarized EM waves and EM waves with OAM, the angular momentum is transferred to the skyrmion non-uniformly, while the angular momentum is transferred to the skyrmion uniformly for left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized EM driving. Third, the dynamic properties of the skyrmion driven by EM waves with both SAM and OAM are investigated. It is found that the dynamic trajectories exhibit more complex behavior due to the contributions or competition of SAM and OAM. We investigate the characteristics of intrinsic gyration modes and frequency-dependent trajectories. Our research may provide insight into the dynamic properties of skyrmion manipulated by EM waves with SAM or OAM and provide a method for controlling skyrmion in spintronic devices.
Improved model on asynchronous measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with realistic devices
Authors: Sun 孙 Mingshuo 铭烁 , Zhang 张 Chun-Hui 春辉 , Zhang 章 Rui 睿 , Zhou 周 Xing-Yu 星宇 , Li 李 Jian 剑 , Wang 王 Qin 琴 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In principle, the asynchronous measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (AMDI-QKD) can surpass the key rate capacity without phase tracking and phase locking. However, practical imperfections in sources or detections would dramatically depress its performance. Here, we present an improved model on AMDI-QKD to reduce the influence of these imperfections, including intensity fluctuation, the afterpulse effect, and the dead time of detectors. Furthermore, we carry out corresponding numerical simulations. Simulation results show that, by implementing our present work, it can have more than 100 km longer secure transmission distance and one order of magnitude enhancement in the key generation rate after 320 km compared with the standard method. Moreover, our model can still break the Pirandola–Laurenza–Ottaviani–Banchi (PLOB) bound even under realistic experimental conditions.
Impact of asymptomatic infected individuals on epidemic transmission dynamics in multiplex networks with partial coupling
Authors: Hu 胡 Xin 鑫 , Chen 陈 Jiaxing 嘉兴 , Xia 夏 Chengyi 承遗 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The theory of network science has attracted great interest of many researchers in the realm of biomathematics and public health, and numerous valuable epidemic models have been developed. In previous studies, it is common to set up a one-to-one correspondence between the nodes of a multi-layer network, ignoring the more complex situations in reality. In the present work, we explore this situation by setting up a partially coupled model of a two-layer network and investigating the impact of asymptomatic infected individuals on epidemics. We propose a self-discovery mechanism for asymptomatic infected individuals, taking into account situations such as nucleic acid testing in the community and individuals performing self-antigen testing during the epidemic. Considering these factors together, through the microscopic Markov chain approach (MMCA) and extensive Monte Carlo (MC) numerical simulations, we find that the greater the coupling between the networks, the more information dissemination is facilitated. In order to control the epidemics, more asymptomatic infected individuals should be made aware of their infection. Massive adoption of nucleic acid testing and individual adoption of antigenic self-testing can help to contain epidemic outbreaks. Meanwhile, the epidemic threshold of the proposed model is derived, and then miscellaneous factors affecting the epidemic threshold are also discussed. Current results are conducive to devising the prevention and control policies of pandemics.
A digital four-arm bridge for the comparison of resistance with capacitance
Authors: Wang Yicheng , Schlamminger Stephan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We have built and demonstrated a digital four-arm bridge for the comparison of resistance with capacitance. The digital four-arm bridge mimics the classical quad bridge in the digital domain with three balances: the source balance, the detector balance, as well as the main balance. Due to correlation, the required precision of the source voltages is only of the order of the square root of the ultimate bridge precision. For the comparison of a 100 kΩ resistor with a 1 nF capacitor near 1592 Hz, the combined standard uncertainty

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9

.
Property Graph Partition Algorithm Based on Improved Barnacle Mating Optimization
Authors: Cui Huanqing , Wu Yifan , Lv Silin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Distributed graph processing systems have been used more frequently in various fields, and graph partitioning is the basis of these systems. Graph partitioning algorithms generally aim to minimize the communication cost while the number of vertices or edges reach the load balance. But the vertices and/or edges of property graphs require some storage volume, so the traditional graph partition algorithms will lead to an unbalanced storage volume load. This paper proposes an edge-cut graph partitioning algorithm to generate partitions with equal size and storage volume as well as low cut-edge ratio. Initially, it partitions the graph into k partitions with equal size and storage volume. It then migrates vertices based on the improved Barnacles mating optimizer. The experiments on real-world graphs show that the proposed algorithm can achieve the partition size of volume balance, and the cut-edge ratio is also very low.
Variable stiffness performance analysis of layer jamming actuator based on bionic adhesive flaps
Authors: Ye Liangzhi , Xu Linsen , Wang Zhihuan , Wang Lisheng , Mei Huan , Wu Tao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Soft actuators made of soft materials cannot generate precisely efficient output forces compared to rigid actuators. It is a promising strategy to equip soft actuators with variable stiffness modules of layer jamming mechanism, which could increase their stiffness as needed. Inspired by the gecko’s the array of setae, bionic adhesive flaps with inclined micropillars are applied in layer jamming mechanism. In this paper, after the manufacturing process of the layer jamming actuator based on the bionic adhesive flaps is described, the equivalent stiffness models of the whole actuator are established in the unjammed and jammed states. And the shear adhesive force of a single micropillar is calculated based on the Kendall viscoelastic band model. The finite element simulation results of two bionic adhesive flaps show that the interlaminar shear stress and stiffness increase with the increase of pressure. The measurement of shear adhesive force show that the critical shear adhesive force of the bionic adhesive material is 3.2 times that of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) material, and exhibit the ability of anisotropic adhesion behavior. The variable stiffness performance of the layer jamming actuator based on bionic adhesive flaps is evaluated by three test methods, and the max stiffness reaches 8.027 N mm−1, which is 1.5 times higher than the stiffness of the layer jamming actuator based on the PET flaps. All results of simulation and experiment effectively verify the validity and superiority of applying the bionic adhesive flaps to the layer jamming mechanism to enhance the stiffness.
Warming-induced cryosphere changes predict drier Andean eco-regions
Authors: Al-Yaari Amen , Condom Thomas , Anthelme Fabien , Cauvy-Fraunié Sophie , Dangles Olivier , Junquas Clémentine , Moret Pierre , Rabatel Antoine 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Climate change impacts on humans and ecosystems depend on the intensity, timing, and spatial variability of these changes. While considerable attention has been paid to current and future changes in temperature patterns, comparatively less attention has been devoted to water availability for humans and ecosystems. The aridity index (AI), the ratio of precipitation to potential evapotranspiration, is a common metric used to assess water availability within ecosystems. However, the role of snow in AI calculations within snowy eco-regions is often neglected, resulting in an incomplete understanding of water balance dynamics in these environments. In this study, we estimate aridification under ongoing climate change in Andean eco-regions (AEs), focusing on two horizons: 2050–2060 and 2090–2100. Using monthly TerraClimate data from 2013–2018, we calculated a mean AI for each AE, taking into account the absence of snow (pixels with a snow water equivalent (SWE) < 10 mm/month) and its presence (AI-snow; pixels with a SWE > 10 mm/month). We show that AI allows to differentiate the eco-regions, but that the incorporation of snow in the AI calculation highlights the heterogeneity of aridity conditions within some eco-regions with energy-limited regimes (AI > 1) in the snowy zones and water-limited regimes (AI < 1) elsewhere. Analysis of the CORDEX-SAM regional projections for the periods 2050–2060 and 2090–2100 indicates a general shift towards drier conditions prevailing over wetter conditions in most eco-regions, notably: the Southern Andean Steppe, the Central Andean Wet Puna, the Santa Marta Páramo, and the Peruvian Yungas. The projected reduction in snowfall in CORDEX-SAM, coupled with glacier volume loss, appears to be contributing to the prevalence of aridification across many AEs. These findings highlight potential transitions towards aridification in diverse eco-regions, with repercussions on water availability for humans and ecosystems.
Impacts of climate change on spatial wheat yield and nutritional values using hybrid machine learning
Authors: Kheir Ahmed M S , Ali Osama A M , Shawon Ashifur Rahman , Elrys Ahmed S , Ali Marwa G M , Darwish Mohamed A , Elmahdy Ahmed M , Abou-Hadid Ayman Farid , Nóia Júnior Rogerio de S , Feike Til 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Wheat’s nutritional value is critical for human nutrition and food security. However, more attention is needed, particularly regarding the content and concentration of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), especially in the context of climate change (CC) impacts. To address this, various controlled field experiments were conducted, involving the cultivation of three wheat cultivars over three growing seasons at multiple locations with different soil and climate conditions under varying Fe and Zn treatments. The yield and yield attributes, including nutritional values such as nitrogen (N), Fe and Zn, from these experiments were integrated with national yield statistics from other locations to train and test different machine learning (ML) algorithms. Automated ML leveraging a large number of models, outperformed traditional ML models, enabling the training and testing of numerous models, and achieving robust predictions of grain yield (GY) (R
2 > 0.78), N (R
2 > 0.75), Fe (R
2 > 0.71) and Zn (R
2 > 0.71) through a stacked ensemble of all models. The ensemble model predicted GY, N, Fe, and Zn at spatial explicit in the mid-century (2020–2050) using three Global Circulation Models (GCMs): GFDL-ESM4, HadGEM3-GC31-MM, and MRI-ESM2-0 under two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) specifically SSP2-45 and SSP5-85, from the downscaled NEX-GDDP-CMIP6. Averaged across different GCMs and SSPs, CC is projected to increase wheat yield by 4.5%, and protein concentration by 0.8% with high variability. However, it is expected to decrease Fe concentration by 5.5%, and Zn concentration by 4.5% in the mid-century (2020–2050) relative to the historical period (1980–2010). Positive impacts of CC on wheat yield encountered by negative impacts on nutritional concentrations, further exacerbating challenges related to food security and nutrition.
1D and 2D porous media fixed bed reactor simulations with DUO: Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) validation test
Authors: Daymo E. , Tonkovich A. , Hettel M. , Shirsath A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Porous media models are commonly used to simulate packed bed reactors in the chemical process industry. There are several porous media energy equation models available, but commonly a single energy equation for both the fluid and solid phases is selected. Such an approach has been applied to OpenFOAM, with validation testing done using DUO (DETCHEM und OpenFOAM) for a Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) application. Using a popular kinetics mechanism for this reaction, a good fit between simulation and experiment was observed.
Transformation of agro industrial waste from peanut hulls as an innovative source for sustainable cellulosic dyeing and antimicrobial finish
Authors: Almas Rabia , saleem Umaima , Memon Sanam Irum , Memon Anam , Rind Dr Nadir Ali 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the present study, a new source of agro-industrial left-over from peanuts (hulls) on the cellulosic fabric in combination with natural sustainable tannins was successfully carried out for sustainable natural coloration with antimicrobial resistance. The colorant was extracted out from the crushed peanut hulls in simple and sustainable aqueous bath. Natural and sustainable Tannins from pomegranate peels were employed to support alum bonding with cellulosic materials. The extracted tannins and dye was successfully applied on cotton fabrics and the effect of tannin and mordant concentration on dye absorption was explored in detail. The color characterizations and fastness characteristics were investigated in the existence and nonexistence of environment friendly alum mordants using the corresponding ISO standards. Peanut shells/hulls extract on cotton fabric produced beige color with very color fastness to washing, light and rubbing. The results revealed that natural tannins from pomegranate has the effect on K/S of the cotton fabric and optimum results for K/S and fastness properties were achieved at the combination of concentration of tannins 15 % and alum 25 %. Moreover, 90 0C temperature produced optimum results for dyeing and antimicrobial properties. This study confirmed that peanut hulls have pronounced potential for industrialized uses as a source of natural bio colorant and if industrialized, would be great worth addition to this discarded waste as a new textile sustainable bio color.&#xD;
Assessing Cyber Delegation in European Union Public Law
Authors: Hofmann Herwig C H 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter delves into the evolving landscape of decision-making in EU public law, which is increasingly influenced by automation. As concepts for ensuring accountability in automated decision-making (ADM) continue to develop, the chapter explores the application of existing EU public law principles, particularly those arising from the control of delegated powers. ADM systems, driven by software that supports or replaces human decision-making elements, are becoming integral in various EU policy areas with complex multilevel data-sharing structures. While automation offers advantages such as speed and enhanced cooperation, it presents specific challenges related to accountability, including information asymmetries and potential software design flaws. The chapter critically assesses the potential of anticipatory tools within the legislative conferral of powers to address these challenges, exploring the notion of ‘cyber delegation’ and its role in enhancing accountability in the use of automated decision-making.
Algorithms, Automation, and Administrative Procedure at EU Level
Authors: Mir Oriol 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper examines and underlines the crucial role of the classical institution of administrative procedure in the current debate on the responsible use of algorithms in the public sector. It proposes some basic distinctions concerning the use of algorithms within the administrative procedure and suggests certain procedural adaptations in order to avoid the risks that such use may entail. Particular attention is paid to the principles to be drawn from EU law and the activities of the European administration, in the light of a case study carried out in recent months and summarised in the Annex.
A Digital Health Infrastructure for Cross-Border Governance of Communicable Diseases
Authors: Enderlein Franka 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores applying three fundamental principles—digital, cross-border, and interoperable—in combating the COVID-19 pandemic. Emphasizing the necessity of digital technology in pandemic response, the study delves into the challenges and implications of ensuring a cross-border approach. It critically examines the economic and legal consequences of uncoordinated measures taken by Member States, shedding light on the impact on fundamental freedoms and the internal market. The chapter underscores the importance of interoperable information systems, especially in the era of artificial intelligence, for effective communicable disease control. Analysing the legal framework, competencies distribution, and functions of information systems, the chapter explores the multifaceted dimensions of interoperability—legal, organizational, semantic, and technical. In conclusion, it highlights achievements, outlines the current landscape, and addresses remaining challenges in fostering a digital, cross-border, and interoperable approach to public health in the EU.
Smart Border is Watching You!
Authors: Pesch Paulina Jo , Boehm Franziska 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Smart Borders Package, proposed by the European Commission in 2013, represents a comprehensive initiative to modernize the management of the EU’s external borders. This package introduces innovative tools like the Entry/Exit System (EES) and the European Travel Information and Authorisation System (ETIAS) to combat irregular migration and enhance internal security. Accompanied by the European Interoperability Framework (EIF) and the Multi-Identity Detector (MID), the Smart Borders Package signifies a shift towards large-scale data collection and automated risk assessments. This chapter, with a focus on the MID and ETIAS, explores the implications of such data-driven assessments on fundamental rights, decision-making automation, and the potential challenges in ensuring human involvement and independent supervision. The chapter delves into the degree of automation in decision-making processes, raising critical questions about the legitimacy of decisions, protection of individual rights, and the need for effective oversight. By examining the selected instruments and their fundamental rights implications, the analysis contributes valuable insights to the ongoing discourse on data-driven risk assessments in the context of border management and law enforcement.