bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Thiopurine Metabolite Testing and Thiopurine Methyltransferase Determination in Pediatric IBD
Authors: Benkov Keith , Lu Ying , Patel Ashish , Rahhal Riad , Russell Gary , Teitelbaum Jonathan ,   NASPGHAN Committee on Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTThiopurines have been used in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) for >30 years, and measurements of both thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) and thiopurine (TP) metabolites, 6‐thioguanine nucleotides (6‐TGN) and 6‐methylmercaptopurine (6‐MMP), have been readily available. The North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) Committee on Inflammatory Bowel Disease thought it appropriate to review the present indications for use of TPMT and TP metabolite testing. Substantial evidence demonstrates that TP therapy is useful for both Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis. Review of the existing data yielded the following recommendations. TPMT testing is recommended before initiation of TPs to identify individuals who are homozygote recessive or have extremely low TPMT activity, with the latter having more reliability than the former. Individuals who are homozygous recessive or have extremely low TPMT activity should avoid the use of TPs because of concerns for significant leukopenia. TMPT testing does not predict all cases of leukopenia and has no value to predict hypersensitivity adverse effects such as pancreatitis. Any potential value to reduce the risk of malignancy has not been studied. All individuals taking TPs should have routine monitoring with complete blood cell count and white blood cell count differential to evaluate for leukopenia regardless of TPMT testing results. Metabolite testing can be used to determine adherence with TP therapy. Metabolite testing can be used to guide dose increases or modifications in patients with active disease. Consideration would include either increasing the dose, changing therapy or for those with elevated transaminases or an elevated 6‐MMP, using adjunctive allopurinol to help raise 6‐thioguanine metabolites and suppress formation of 6‐MMP. Routine and repetitive metabolite testing has little or no role in patients who are doing well and taking an acceptable dose of a TP.
On the discovery of the diffuse interstellar bands
Authors: McCall Benjamin J. , Griffin R. Elizabeth 
Published: January 2013

This contribution attempts to reconstruct the precise history of the discovery of one of astronomy's long-lasting enigmas, the so-called diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs). While systematic research into the DIBs was initiated by Merrill in 1936, the first pointers to abnormal features in the spectra of distant stars were published some 15 years earlier by Mary Lea Heger, who researched them at Lick Observatory while a student. We have examined Heger's observing notebooks from her doctoral work in 1919–1920. We have also digitized her 1919 photographic plates, and compared the spectra that she measured with modern ones. Our conclusion is that Heger was indeed the first to observe and draw attention to the two absorption features at 5780 Å and 5797 Å that subsequently came to be recognized as DIBs, thereby initiating a substantial field of research that now embraces several hundred such features, all of whose provenance is unsolved even to this day.
PROTEIN l-ISOASPARTYL METHYLTRANSFERASE2 Is Differentially Expressed in Chickpea and Enhances Seed Vigor and Longevity by Reducing Abnormal Isoaspartyl Accumulation Predominantly in Seed Nuclear Proteins
Authors: Verma Pooja , Kaur Harmeet , Petla Bhanu Prakash , Rao Venkateswara , Saxena Saurabh C. , Majee Manoj 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
PROTEIN l-ISOASPARTYL METHYLTRANSFERASE (PIMT) is a widely distributed protein-repairing enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of abnormal l-isoaspartyl residues in spontaneously damaged proteins to normal aspartyl residues. This enzyme is encoded by two divergent genes (PIMT1 and PIMT2) in plants, unlike many other organisms. While the biological role of PIMT1 has been elucidated, the role and significance of the PIMT2 gene in plants is not well defined. Here, we isolated the PIMT2 gene (CaPIMT2) from chickpea (Cicer arietinum), which exhibits a significant increase in isoaspartyl residues in seed proteins coupled with reduced germination vigor under artificial aging conditions. The CaPIMT2 gene is found to be highly divergent and encodes two possible isoforms (CaPIMT2 and CaPIMT2′) differing by two amino acids in the region I catalytic domain through alternative splicing. Unlike CaPIMT1, both isoforms possess a unique 56-amino acid amino terminus and exhibit similar yet distinct enzymatic properties. Expression analysis revealed that CaPIMT2 is differentially regulated by stresses and abscisic acid. Confocal visualization of stably expressed green fluorescent protein-fused PIMT proteins and cell fractionation-immunoblot analysis revealed that apart from the plasma membrane, both CaPIMT2 isoforms localize predominantly in the nucleus, while CaPIMT1 localizes in the cytosol. Remarkably, CaPIMT2 enhances seed vigor and longevity by repairing abnormal isoaspartyl residues predominantly in nuclear proteins upon seed-specific expression in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), while CaPIMT1 enhances seed vigor and longevity by repairing such abnormal proteins mainly in the cytosolic fraction. Together, our data suggest that CaPIMT2 has most likely evolved through gene duplication, followed by subfunctionalization to specialize in repairing the nuclear proteome.
Di-μ-chlorido-bis[(2,2′-bipyridine-5,5′-dicarboxylic acid-κ2N,N′)chloridocopper(II)] dimethylformamide tetrasolvate
Authors: Øien Sigurd , Wragg David Stephen , Lillerud Karl Petter , Tilset Mats 
Published: January 2013

In the title compound, [Cu2Cl4(C12H8N2O4)2]·4C3H7NO, which contains a chloride-bridged centrosymmetric CuIIdimer, the CuIIatom is in a distorted square-pyramidal 4 + 1 coordination geometry defined by the N atoms of the chelating 2,2′-bipyridine ligand, a terminal chloride and two bridging chloride ligands. Of the two independent dimethylformamide molecules, one is hydrogen bonded to a single –COOH group, while one links two adjacent –COOH groupsviaa strong accepted O—H...O and a weak donated C(O)—H...O hydrogen bond. Two of these last molecules and the two –COOH groups form a centrosymmetric hydrogen-bonded ring in which the CH=O and the –COOH groups by disorder adopt two alternate orientations in a 0.44:0.56 ratio. These hydrogen bonds link the CuIIcomplex molecules and the dimethylformamide solvent molecules into infinite chains along [-111]. Slipped π–π stacking interactions between two centrosymmetric pyridine rings (centroid–centroid distance = 3.63 Å) contribute to the coherence of the structure along [0-11].
Rebar corrosion in mortars with high limestone filler content
Authors: Batic O.R. , Sota J.D. , Fernández J.L. , Bellotti N. , Romagnoli R. 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThis research aims to study the influence of limestone filler on rebar corrosion.Design/methodology/approachMortar samples containing 35% calcareous filler and with a rebar inserted in the axis, were cast. Specimens were cured at the open air and during 28 days in lime water. After curing, they were submerged in two electrolytes (tap water and 3% NaCl) and corrosion parameters (corrosion potential and corrosion current) were monitored over time by d.c. techniques. Simultaneously, electrochemical noise measurements were carried out. After corrosion tests, rebars were pulled out by lateral compression, and their surface observed by scanning electron microscopy.FindingsIn general, carbonate additions impaired mortar protective properties, especially in the presence of chloride and changed the nature of the protective layer on rebars. The curing process did not introduce significant differences except for mortars with a high water cement ratio cured in lime water for which the beneficial effects of the simultaneous presence of carbonate and lime in the pore solution could be appreciated. The role of carbonate additions is to provide carbonate anions to passivate rebars. This passivation process caused corrosion rates not to be so high. Carbonate anions also deposited on oxide spots which were rendered passive but this process was not uniform. Certain areas on the rebar underwent intense carbonation while others showed increased corrosion rates.Originality/valueThere are not many corrosion studies about the influence of limestone filler on rebars corrosion. Particularly, this paper deals with mortars containing high percentages of carbonate additions. Results showed that the presence of this type of admixture changes the structure of the passive layer and, sometimes, may increase corrosion rates.
Managing your co‐creation mix: co‐creation ventures in distinctive contexts
Authors: Roser Thorsten , DeFillippi Robert , Samson Alain 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to make a contribution to co‐creation theory by integrating conceptual insights from the management and marketing literatures that are both concerned with co‐creation phenomena. It aims to develop a reference model for comparing how different organizations organize and manage their co‐creation ventures. It also aims to apply the authors' framework to four distinct cases that illustrate the differences in co‐creation practice within different co‐creation environments.Design/methodology/approachThe authors compare four different companies based on case profiles. Each company is employing its own distinct approach to co‐creating. The authors employ a method mix including literature analysis, structured interviews, document and web site analysis, as well as participation.FindingsThe reference model offers a set of useful dimensions for case‐based inquiry. The case comparisons show how firms may decide to systematise and manage a mix of co‐creation activities within B2B versus B2C contexts, utilising either crowd‐sourced or non‐crowd‐sourced approaches. Further, the case comparisons suggest that there are less differences in B2B versus B2C co‐creation as compared with crowd‐sourced versus non‐crowd‐sourced approaches. Ultimately, implementation decisions in one dimension of co‐creation design (e.g. whom to involve in co‐creation) will affect other dimensions of implementation and governance (e.g. how much intimacy) and thus how co‐creation needs to be managed.Originality/valueThe paper presents case comparisons utilising B2B versus B2C, as well as crowd versus non‐crowd‐sourcing examples of co‐creation and an original decision support framework for assessing and comparing co‐creation choices.
Differentiating market offerings using complexity and co‐creation
Authors: Plötner Olaf , Lakotta Jan , Jacob Frank 
Published: January 2013

PurposeCustomer decision‐making uncertainty (DMU) is a persistent phenomenon in business‐to‐business markets. However, there is substantial variation in the degree to which customers perceive DMU and how suppliers should react to it. The purpose of this paper is to explain variation in customer decision‐making uncertainty.Design/methodology/approachBased on existing industrial buying typologies, this paper proposes a new classification scheme to explain variance in customer decision‐making uncertainty. Market offering complexity and co‐creation are used as defining dimensions in the construction of four archetypal types of industrial market offerings.FindingsThe paper demonstrates on a theoretical level that customer decision‐making uncertainty is especially prevalent in complex offerings characterized by high degrees of co‐creation.Practical implicationsThis typology helps to provide a more nuanced understanding of the effects of co‐creation on customer value. Firms should adapt their selling approaches to the degree of complexity and co‐creation that they offer their customers.Originality/valueThe originality of the paper rests in explaining customer decision‐making uncertainty in relation to complexity and co‐creation. Thus, it sheds light on the dark side of co‐creating market offerings.
Consumers' personal values and sales promotion preferences effect on behavioural intention and purchase satisfaction for consumer product
Authors: Teck Weng Jee , Cyril de Run Ernest 
Published: January 2013

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of Malaysian consumers' personal values and sales promotion preferences on their overall behavioural intention and purchase satisfaction.Design/methodology/approach– In total, 1,300 questionnaires were distributed and collected by hand through hired enumerators in 13 different states in Malaysia (Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Pulau Pinang, Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor and Terengganu). This research was carried out for four different type of consumer product (convenience, shopping, specialty/luxury and unsought product). Data were analysed using General Linear Model-Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and General Linear Model-Univariate Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to test for difference between independent and dependent variables.Findings– The findings suggest that sales promotion technique preferences will have an impact on consumers' behavioural intention and purchase satisfaction for all the product types studied. On the other hand, there is no significant impact in consumers' purchases satisfaction and behavioural intention by personal value for all the product type studied.Practical implications– The findings from this research have expanded current knowledge and academic studies done on similar areas of research where this research detail the association of personal value and sales promotion techniques preferences on consumers' purchase satisfaction (attitude) and behavioural intention (behaviour) for different types of consumer products. The research suggests to managers in Malaysia that it is crucial to understand the characteristics of their products when selecting appropriate strategies and sales promotion techniques for better market segmentation and targeting.Originality/value– This research is the first of its type where only a minimal number of studies have looked into these issues (personal values and sales promotion techniques preferences) from a business perspective.
Supervisor behaviours that facilitate training transfer
Authors: Lancaster Sue , Di Milia Lee , Cameron Roslyn 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the supervisor behaviours that employees found to be helpful and unhelpful in facilitating training transfer. The study aims to provide rich qualitative data from the employee's perspective.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilises a cross‐sectional design. A case study and a qualitative interpretivist approach were used to interpret the employee's responses. In total 24 semi‐structured interviews were conducted and responses were analysed with the aid of NVivo.FindingsThe results suggested what supervisors did prior to, during and after course attendance was critical to training transfer. Supportive behaviours prior to the course included motivating, encouraging and setting expectations. Practical support provided during the course signalled the value that the supervisor placed on the course. Meetings held after the course provided the best opportunity to support transfer. Transfer was maximised when participants experienced a positive role model and when supervisors showed interest in their experience of the course, encouraged and sponsored new initiatives, and involved them in decision‐making. The main perceived hindrances to training transfer were culture, policies and a lack of encouragement.Originality/valueThis is a qualitative study in a field of inquiry dominated by quantitative approaches. The results highlight the employee's perspective concerning what they found to assist in training transfer. This methodology is rarely evidenced in the extant literature.
Let's get personal: making sustainability tangible to students
Authors: Savageau Ann E. 
Published: January 2013

PurposeMost students report giving little thought to their consumption and waste, and when confronted with issues of sustainability still find them either distant and impersonal or overwhelming. One area that has been relatively unexplored is the concept of a self‐audit and self‐reflection in the development of intrinsic motivation for living sustainably. The aim of this paper is to describe the results of a case study that addresses this issue.Design/methodology/approachAs part of an integrated course, Introduction to Sustainable Design, undergraduate students participate in the creation and use of a personal Resource Consumption and Waste Audit that makes tangible their resource consumption and waste generation and that forms the basis for self‐reflection throughout the course. The instructions to the students for the three‐day audit are provided along with the results as self‐reported by the students.FindingsStudents generally express surprise and dismay at their levels of consumption and waste, and state that they are motivated to change behaviors. Many call the audit “life‐changing” and add that everyone should do a similar audit if our society is to become more sustainable.Originality/valueThe audit provides a novel, simple and cost‐effective way for students to assess their own resource consumption and waste generation, and it lays the groundwork for behavioral change based on self‐reflection around these issues. It has the additional advantages of requiring no special technology, being adaptable to different courses and majors, and providing a basis for development of quantitative and longitudinal studies.
Malaysian teacher trainees' practices on science and the relevance of science education for sustainability
Authors: Madhawa Nair Subadrah , Rashid Mohamed Abdul , Marimuthu Nagamah 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the practice of teacher trainees on science and the relevance of science education. The study focuses on teacher trainees' practice on science teaching and its relevance to understanding science education.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed a survey method using questionnaires. The samples consist of 80 teacher trainees, majoring in Science Education, from a teachers training institute in Malaysia. The teacher trainees were asked to complete a set of questionnaires on the relevance of their content knowledge of science to Science Education, application of student's home culture in classroom science and in infusing moral education in classroom lessons. The data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistical and inferential statistical (independent samples t‐test).FindingsThe results showed that the female trainees' practice of science and the relevance of science education is significantly higher than that of their male counterparts. Besides that, the findings indicate that there is no significant difference between the male and female trainees on their practices of students' home culture applied in classroom science and applying moral education in teaching science. The findings also indicated there is a need to bring in students' home culture into the teaching and learning of science.Practical implicationsFindings of this paper suggest one approach that could be adopted to make science education more relevant to the students understanding is by incorporating teaching strategies that are designed to promote content learning through a cultural relevant curriculum. This will make schools a better place to inculcate environmental concerns for a sustainable future.Originality/valueThis paper highlights the need to educate trainee teachers (male and female) and bring them closer to gain cooperation and commitment to achieve sustainability. The paper also proposes the need to bring in students' home culture, priorities and concern into the teaching and learning of science.
Enablers and challenges of a sustainable housing industry in Malaysia
Authors: Zainul Abidin Nazirah , Yusof Nor'Aini , Othman Ayman A.E. 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the enablers of creating a viable environment for a sustainable housing industry and investigate the barriers limiting this progress.Design/methodology/approachA literature review is carried out to explore the four‐angle enablers (technological, institutional, internal action and market influence) which are crucial to create an industry which is prone towards sustainable construction. Based on the interviews and surveys conducted on Malaysian developers, the findings point to various challenges for each enabler.FindingsThe paper highlighted that the government's lack of incentive programmes and the slow progress in revising related regulations are major hindrances for institutional enablers. For technological aspects, the problem lies in the cost of importing products because of the lack of locally‐produced green technology. The cost factor and lack of “urgency” are the core problems in encouraging internal action, while the low demand by the potential buyers affects market influence.Originality/valueActions towards transforming the conventional industry into a sustainable one require resolute actions and drive from various parties. This paper provides an insight into the key enablers for a sustainable housing industry and the current problems associated with each enabler. Although the research was carried out in Malaysia, the results may be applicable to other countries as well.
Can knowledge sharing mitigate the effect of construction project complexity?
Authors: Cooke Trevor 
Published: January 2013

PurposeIn recent years the pace of technological innovation in construction operations has escalated with resulting intensification of the inputs necessary for contemporary multi‐disciplinary construction projects, and thereby has exacerbated their potential complexity. In its widest form the topic of complexity in construction continues to attract considerable research and re‐evaluation; however the resulting published work remains largely unapplied by construction professionals due to either to its intricacy or difficulty of application. This study concludes that recent advances in information management can facilitate data sharing and thereby resolve many of the early life and project production complexity issues. The aim of this paper is to suggest a new direction for research studies.Design/methodology/approachThis desktop study uses a key word protocol to identify the relationship between published research papers both past and present to first determine the development of complexity research and then looks forward to an interaction between research and industry.FindingsQuestions if complexity in multi‐disciplinary projects may well be diminished by information modelling, this practical solution evolved in parallel with computer based design.Originality/valueThis descriptive study suggests a new direction for research studies.
Mechanisms of corporate governance going international
Authors: Yrjö Collin Sven‐Olof , Smith Elin , Umans Timurs , Broberg Pernilla , Tagesson Torbjörn 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how internationalisation of corporate governance mechanisms influences firm performance.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on the data collected from annual reports of the year 2004, from all 239 Swedish corporations listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange, on which a quantitative analysis was performed.FindingsThe findings suggest that internationalisation of corporate governance does not have a straightforward influence on firm performance, which can be due to: the fact that mechanisms with governance functions have several functions, of which governance is but one; and the fact that governance mechanisms cannot be analyzed in isolation, since they are included in a coherent corporate governance strategy.Originality/valueThe paper is the first to investigate the corporate governance mechanisms' internationalisation issue.