bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced glycation end products in degenerative nucleus pulposus with diabetes
Authors: Tsai Tsung‐Ting , Ho Natalie Yi‐Ju , Lin Ying‐Ting , Lai Po‐Liang , Fu Tsai‐Sheng , Niu Chi‐Chien , Chen Lih‐Huei , Chen Wen‐Jer , Pang Jong‐Hwei S. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTDiabetes mellitus (DM) has been clinically proved as a risk factor of disc degeneration, and the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is known to be potentially involved in diabetes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of AGEs in the degeneration process of diabetic nucleus pulposus (NP) in rats and humans. Diabetic NP cells from rat coccygeal discs were treated with different concentrations of AGEs (0, 50, and 100 µg/ml) for 3 days, and mRNA expressions of MMP‐2 and RAGE were measured by real‐time RT‐PCR. In addition, conditioned medium from NP cells was used to analyze protein expression of MMP‐2 activity and ERK by gelatin zymography and Western blot. These experiments were repeated using human intervertebral disc samples. The immunohistochemical expression of AGEs was significantly increased in diabetic discs. In response to AGEs, an increase of MMP‐2, RAGE, and ERK at both mRNA and protein expression levels was observed in diabetic NP cells. The findings suggest that AGEs and DM are associated with disc degeneration in both species. Hyperglycemia in diabetes enhances the accumulation of AGEs in the NP and triggers disc degeneration. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:238–244, 2014.
Electrophoretic Deposition Polymerization of Diacetylenes with Tunable Structure
Authors: Huo Jing Pei , Deng Guo Hua , Wu Wei , Xiong Jin Feng , Zhong Ming Li , Wang Zhao Yang 
Published: October 2013

Serial novel chiral polydiacetylenes (PDAs) are efficiently prepared at room temperature by the controllable electrophoretic deposition of diacetylenes with tunable structure as designed from easily available starting materials. The colorimetrically reversible properties of PDAs in the range between 25 and 85 °C are influenced by the different amino acid moiety in the PDAs as anticipated. The PDA containing aromatic ring is much better for the colorimetrically reversible properties, while irreversible thermochromism is displayed for the PDA with the structure of the longer methylene units in the main chain of amino acid moiety.
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Carotenoid supplementation enhances reproductive success in captive strawberry poison frogs (Oophaga pumilio)
Authors: Dugas Matthew B. , Yeager Justin , Richards‐Zawacki Corinne L. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAmphibians are currently experiencing the most severe declines in biodiversity of any vertebrate, and their requirements for successful reproduction are poorly understood. Here, we show that supplementing the diet of prey items (fruit flies) with carotenoids has strong positive effects on the reproduction of captive strawberry poison frogs (Oophaga pumilio), substantially increasing the number of metamorphs produced by pairs. This improved reproduction most likely arose via increases in the quality of both the fertilized eggs from which tadpoles develop and trophic eggs that are fed to tadpoles by mothers. Frogs in this colony had previously been diagnosed with a Vitamin A deficiency, and this supplementation may have resolved this issue. These results support growing evidence of the importance of carotenoids in vertebrate reproduction and highlight the nuanced ways in which nutrition constrains captive populations. Zoo Biol. 32:655–658, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Black branes in flux compactifications
Authors: Torroba Gonzalo , Wang Huajia 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWe construct charged black branes in type IIA flux compactifications that are dual to (2 + 1)-dimensional field theories at finite density. The internal space is a general Calabi-Yau manifold with fluxes, with internal dimensions much smaller than the AdS radius. Gauge fields descend from the 3-form RR potential evaluated on harmonic forms of the Calabi-Yau, and Kaluza-Klein modes decouple. Black branes are described by a four-dimensional effective field theory that includes only a few light fields and is valid over a parametrically large range of scales. This effective theory determines the low energy dynamics, stability and thermodynamic properties. Tools from flux compactifications are also used to construct holographic CFTs with no relevant scalar operators, that can lead to symmetric phases of condensed matter systems stable to very low temperatures. The general formalism is illustrated with simple examples such as toroidal compactifications and manifolds with a single size modulus. We initiate the classification of holographic phases of matter described by flux compactifications, which include generalized Reissner-Nordstrom branes, nonsupersymmetric$ Ad{S_2}\times {{\mathbb{R}}^2} $and hyperscaling violating solutions.
Patterns of Structural Recurrence in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Kruijff Schelto , Petersen Japke F. , Chen Paul , Aniss Ahmed M. , Clifton‐Bligh Roderick J. , Sidhu Stan B. , Delbridge Leigh W. , Gill Anthony J. , Learoyd Diana , Sywak Mark S. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundPapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is uncommonly associated with tumor‐related mortality, although local recurrence can be a frequent and difficult problem. This study was conducted to clarify the pattern of structural locoregional recurrence in PTC.Material and methodA retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing surgical intervention for PTC was undertaken. Data were collected from a comprehensive thyroid cancer database maintained within a single tertiary referral center. The primary outcome measure was cancer recurrence requiring surgical intervention. Secondary outcome measures were site of recurrence, time to recurrence, and risk factors for recurrence.ResultsIn the period 1980–2013, 1,183 patients with PTC were included in the study. The overall rate of structural recurrence requiring reoperative surgery was 7.9 %. The median time to reoperation was 31 months. Younger age, male gender, large primary tumor diameter, and number of positive lymph nodes at initial presentation were all significantly associated with disease recurrence. The lateral compartments (levels I, II, III, IV, V) were involved almost twice as frequently as the central compartment (level VI) (67 vs 32 %, P < 0.01). The distribution of recurrences was level I (1 %), level II (12 %), level III (18 %), level IV (18 %), level V (17 %), level VI (32 %), level VII (2 %).ConclusionsIn a center with a liberal approach to central compartment lymph node dissection for PTC, the lateral neck compartment is the most common site of structural recurrence requiring reoperative surgery.
Liquid–solid impacts with compressible gas cushioning
Authors: Hicks Peter D. , Purvis Richard 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe role played by gas compressibility in gas-cushioned liquid–solid impacts is investigated within a viscous gas and inviscid liquid regime. A full analysis of the energy conservation in the gas is conducted for the first time, which indicates that both thermal diffusion across the gas film and viscous dissipation play an important role in gas cushioning once gas compression becomes significant. Consequently existing models of gas compressibility based on either an isothermal or an adiabatic equation of state for the gas do not fully reflect the physics associated with this phenomenon. Models incorporating thermal diffusion and viscous dissipation are presented, which are appropriate for length scales consistent with droplet impacts, and for larger scale liquid–solid impacts. The evolution of the free surface is calculated alongside the corresponding pressure, temperature and density profiles. These profiles indicate that a pocket of gas can become trapped during an impact. Differences between the new model and older models based on isothermal and adiabatic equations of state are discussed, along with predictions of the size of the trapped gas pocket.
WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF THE DECLINE IN MATERNAL MORTALITY IN INDIA? EVIDENCE FROM TIME SERIES AND CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSES
Authors: GOLI SRINIVAS , JALEEL ABDUL C. P. 
Published: October 2013

SummaryStudies on the causes of maternal mortality in India have focused on institutional deliveries, and the association of socioeconomic and demographic factors with the decline in maternal mortality has not been sufficiently investigated. By using both time series and cross-sectional data, this paper examines the factors associated with the decline in maternal mortality in India. Relative effects estimated by OLS regression analysis reveal that per capita state net domestic product (−1.49611, p<0.05), poverty ratio (0.02426, p<0.05), female literacy rate (−0.05905, p<0.10), infant mortality rate and total fertility rate (0.11755, p<0.05) show statistically significant association with the decline in the maternal mortality ratio in India. The Barro-regression estimate reveals that improvements in economic and demographic conditions such as growth in state income (β=0.35020, p<0.05) and reduction in poverty (β=0.01867, p<0.01) and fertility (β=0.02598, p<0.05) have a greater association with the decline in the maternal mortality ratio in India than institutional deliveries (β=0.00305). The negative β-coefficient (β=−0.69578, p<0.05), showing the effect of the initial maternal mortality ratio on change in maternal mortality ratio in the Barro-regression model, indicates a greater decline in maternal mortality ratio in laggard states compared with advanced states. Overall, comparing the estimates of relative effects, the socioeconomic and demographic factors have a stronger statistically significant association with the maternal mortality ratio than institutional deliveries. Interestingly, the weak association between ‘increase in institutional deliveries' and ‘decline in maternal mortality ratio’ suggests that merely increasing deliveries alone will not help in ensuring maternal survival in India. Quality of services provided by the health facility, birth preparedness and avoiding delay in reaching health facility are also important. Deliveries in health facilities will not necessarily translate into increased survival chances of mothers unless women receive full antenatal care services and delays in reaching health facility are avoided.
Finding the most effective cerumenolytic
Authors: Saxby C , Williams R , Hickey S 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAim:To conduct anin-vitrostudy to determine the most effective topical cerumenolytic.Method:Cerumen was collected from patients who attended the ENT out-patient clinic. The collected cerumen was formed into a homogeneous ball. Discs of wax were punched out and weighed to create samples of uniform shape and size. Each cerumen sample was placed in a tube which contained one of six test solutions. The tubes were observed at specific time points. Digital photographs were taken to record the degree of cerumen disintegration. The cerumen discs were then removed from the solutions, dried and re-weighed.Results:Distilled water caused the greatest reduction in the mass of the cerumen disc. Cerumen placed in distilled water and in sodium bicarbonate solution showed substantial disintegration at 12 hours. Cerumen placed in solutions containing oil-based agents showed no visible sign of disintegration and no reduction in dried weight.Conclusion:Distilled water resulted in the greatest degree of cerumenolysis. Oil-based cerumenolytics were ineffective.
AAC Apps and ASD: Giving Voice to Good Practice
Authors: Farrall Jane 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Mobile applications (apps) and mobile technologies have had a huge impact on the field of Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC), causing major social change around the way in which individuals, families, and other services perceive AAC. Apps for AAC and mobile technologies often are portrayed as a miracle for autism with attention in the media and on social media focusing on lists of apps and on case studies. Little attention is given to the crucial areas of app selection and implementation, resulting in the frequent abandonment of tablet computers as an AAC system. It is important that AAC specialists get involved in the implementation process, capitalizing on the increased interest in AAC and at the same time demonstrating the improved outcomes provided by maintaining the focus on communication and on already established good practice in AAC.
No known hominin species matches the expected dental morphology of the last common ancestor of Neanderthals and modern humans
Authors: Gómez-Robles Aida , Bermúdez de Castro José María , Arsuaga Juan-Luis , Carbonell Eudald , Polly P. David 
Published: October 2013

Significance
The identity of the last common ancestor of Neanderthals and modern humans is a controversial issue. This debate has been often addressed by means of descriptive analyses that are difficult to test. Our primary aim is to put questions about human evolution into a testable quantitative framework and to offer an objective means to sort out apparently unsolvable debates about hominin phylogeny. Our paper shows that no known hominin species matches the expected morphology of this common ancestor. Furthermore, we found that European representatives of potential ancestral species have had affinities with Neanderthals for almost 1 My, thus supporting a model of early divergence between Neanderthals and modern humans.
Temporal motifs reveal homophily, gender-specific patterns, and group talk in call sequences
Authors: Kovanen Lauri , Kaski Kimmo , Kertész János , Saramäki Jari 
Published: October 2013

Significance
Social ties are more common between individuals with similar traits, a feature known as homophily. Ties are also known to be stronger between individuals with multiple common acquaintances. Both of these two properties constrain the flow of information and ideas in social networks. We study time-dependent communication patterns in a large mobile phone communication dataset and show that both of these two properties are in fact stronger than can be observed in any static snapshot of a communication network. The methods developed to obtain these results can be used more generally to study various time-dependent networks.
Autophosphorylation and Pin1 binding coordinate DNA damage-induced HIPK2 activation and cell death
Authors: Bitomsky Nadja , Conrad Elisa , Moritz Christian , Polonio-Vallon Tilman , Sombroek Dirk , Schultheiss Kathrin , Glas Carolina , Greiner Vera , Herbel Christoph , Mantovani Fiamma , del Sal Giannino , Peri Francesca , Hofmann Thomas G. 
Published: October 2013

Significance
Activation of the cell death (apoptosis) program is a major principle of DNA-damaging cancer treatments including ionizing radiation and chemotherapeutic drug treatment. The protein kinase HIPK2 plays a key role in radiosensitivity and chemosensitivity. Here, we found that HIPK2 autointeracts and autophosphorylates after DNA damage. HIPK2 autophosphorylation is conserved in evolution and regulates its apoptosis-inducing activity by facilitating binding of the isomerase Pin1. Pin1 couples HIPK2 activation to its stabilization and is essential for DNA damage-induced apoptosis in cancer cells and in zebrafish. Our findings identify a mechanism linking HIPK2 activation to its stabilization and highlight a conserved function of HIPK2 and Pin1 in the DNA damage-induced apoptosis response.
Pneumatic oscillator circuits for timing and control of integrated microfluidics
Authors: Duncan Philip N. , Nguyen Transon V. , Hui Elliot E. 
Published: October 2013

Significance
Lab-on-a-chip devices aim to miniaturize laboratory procedures on microfluidic chips, which contain liquid circuits instead of electronics. Although the chips themselves are small, they are typically dependent on off-chip control machinery that negates their size advantage. If a computer controller could be built out of microfluidic valves and channels, it could be integrated to create a complete system-on-a-chip. We engineer a critical component for such a computer: a microfluidic clock oscillator with suitable timing accuracy to control diagnostic assays. Further, we leverage this oscillator to build a self-driving pump for on-chip liquid transport. Thus, we demonstrate two critical components for building self-contained lab-on-a-chip devices.
Protein kinase and ribonuclease domains of IRE1 confer stress tolerance, vegetative growth, and reproductive development in
Arabidopsis
Authors: Deng Yan , Srivastava Renu , Howell Stephen H. 
Published: October 2013

Significance
Previous studies showed that the unfolded protein response (UPR) in plants is elicited by environmental stress, but not that it protects plants from stress. This paper demonstrates by blocking both arms of the UPR signaling pathway that the UPR protects plants from stress and supports growth and development. IRE1 is a key component of the UPR signaling pathway and has dual protein kinase (PK) and RNase activities. We showed that both the PK and RNase activities, but not its normal splicing target, bZIP60 mRNA, are required for root growth and male gametophyte development, while both RNase activity and bZIP60 are required for endoplasmic reticulum stress tolerance.
B-cell malignancies in microRNA Eμ-miR-17∼92 transgenic mice
Authors: Sandhu Sukhinder K. , Fassan Matteo , Volinia Stefano , Lovat Francesca , Balatti Veronica , Pekarsky Yuri , Croce Carlo M. 
Published: October 2013

Significance
MicroRNAs (miRs) are 21- to 22-nucleotide-long noncoding RNA molecules, which regulate the expression of several genes. miR dysregulation is associated with several cancers. The MiR-17∼92 cluster is frequently upregulated in malignancies such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and lung cancer. To study the role of miR-17∼92 in B-cell malignancies, we developed a transgenic mouse model overexpressing this cluster in B cells. The transgenic mice developed B-cell lymphomas, and the transcriptome analysis suggested the involvement of PI3K signaling in B lymphocytes, B-cell receptor signaling, GADD45 signaling, and IL-4 signaling pathways in these disorders. Our results provide direct experimental evidence confirming that the miR-17∼92 cluster, which is amplified in human B-cell lymphoma, also is oncogenic when overexpressed in mice.
Pupil response as a predictor of blindsight in hemianopia
Authors: Sahraie Arash , Trevethan Ceri T. , MacLeod Mary Joan , Urquhart James , Weiskrantz Lawrence 
Published: October 2013

Significance
The paper follows up the suggestion that pupillometry may reveal the presence of residual visual function of which subjects are unaware (blindsight) in the field defects caused by visual cortex lesions. In a group of 19 subjects with hemi-field cortical blindness, the pupil responses in the majority matched the psychophysical findings for the sensitive spatial frequencies, indicating that it is useful to carry out pupillometry in cortical blind fields as a predictor of intact visual psychophysical function for further rehabilitation procedures.
Cultural influences on mentoring programs and relationships: a critical review of research
Authors: M. Kent Andrea , Kochan Frances , M. Green Andre 
Published: October 2013

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to identify and summarize the primary themes and issues examined in relevant international research dealing with the relationship between culture and mentoring. The focus is on formal mentoring programs for educators in primary and secondary schools and higher education settings.Design/methodology/approach– The literature surveyed covered the direct and indirect impacts of culture on mentoring in primary, secondary and higher education settings. Manuscripts were organized around the topics of teacher education, teacher and leader development, and higher education. A thematic synthesis approach was used to summarize the findings.Findings– Findings indicated that research on cultural aspects of mentoring in education has focused on three primary themes: cultural aspects of the mentoring relationship; the impact of organizational structures on mentoring programs and relationships; and the manner in which ethnicity and societal beliefs relate to the purposes and structures of mentoring.Research limitations/implications– There is a lack of research that deals specifically with the manner in which culture influences mentoring programs and relationships.Practical implications– It is vital for those involved in developing mentoring programs and relationships to be culturally aware of and sensitive to cultural dynamics in order to counteract and overcome possible barriers to success.Originality value– Fresh insights are offered into the research that has been conducted within these educational settings. Areas and topics are identified where research is lacking and recommendations for future research that would enlighten the field are presented.
Understanding continuance usage of mobile sites
Authors: Zhou Tao 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this research is to draw on both perspectives of technological perceptions and flow experience to examine continuance usage of mobile sites.

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on the valid responses collected from a survey questionnaire, structural equation modeling technology was employed to examine the research model.

Findings
– The results indicated that both perspectives of technological perceptions and flow experience have effects on satisfaction, which in turn affects continuance usage. Technological perceptions include system quality and information quality, whereas flow experience includes perceived enjoyment and attention focus. Among them, perceived enjoyment has the largest effect on satisfaction.

Research limitations/implications
– This research is conducted in China, where mobile internet is still in its early stage. Thus, the results need to be generalized to other countries that had developed mobile internet.

Originality/value
– Previous research has focused on the effects of instrumental beliefs such as perceived usefulness on mobile user continuance. However, user behavior may be also affected by intrinsic motivations such as flow. This research tries to fill the gap.
Personal health monitoring: ethical considerations for stakeholders
Authors: Nordgren Anders 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
– This paper has three purposes: to identify and discuss values that should be promoted and respected in personal health monitoring, to formulate an ethical checklist that can be used by stakeholders, and to construct an ethical matrix that can be used for identifying values, among those in the ethical checklist, that are particularly important to various stakeholders.

Design/methodology/approach
– On the basis of values that empirical studies have found important to various stakeholders in personal health monitoring, the author constructs an ethical checklist and an ethical matrix. The author carries out a brief conceptual analysis and discusses the implications.

Findings
– The ethical checklist consists of three types of values: practical values that a technical product in personal health monitoring must have, quality of life values to be promoted by the development and use of the product, and moral values to be respected in this development and use. To give guidance in practice, the values in the checklist must be interpreted and balanced. The ethical matrix consists of the values in the checklist and a number of stakeholders.

Originality/value
– The overall ambition is to suggest a way of categorizing values that can be useful for stakeholders in personal health monitoring. In order to achieve this, the study takes empirical studies as a starting-point and includes a conceptual analysis. This means that the proposals are founded on practice rather than mere abstract thinking, and this improves its usability.