bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interplay of reactive oxygen species, intracellular Ca2+ and mitochondrial homeostasis in the apoptosis of prostate cancer cells by deoxypodophyllotoxin
Authors: Kim Kwang‐Youn , Cho Hyo‐Jin , Yu Sun‐Nyoung , Kim Sang‐Hun , Yu Hak‐Sun , Park Yeong‐Min , Mirkheshti Nooshin , Kim So Young , Song Chung Seog , Chatterjee Bandana , Ahn Soon‐Cheol 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe limited treatment option for recurrent prostate cancer and the eventual resistance to conventional chemotherapy drugs has fueled continued interest in finding new anti‐neoplastic agents of natural product origin. We previously reported anti‐proliferative activity of deoxypodophyllotoxin (DPT) on human prostate cancer cells. Using the PC‐3 cell model of human prostate cancer, the present study reveals that DPT induced apoptosis via a caspase‐3‐dependent pathway that is activated due to dysregulated mitochondrial function. DPT‐treated cells showed accumulation of the reactive oxygen species (ROS), intracellular Ca surge, increased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, ΔΨm), Bax protein translocation to mitochondria and cytochrome c release to the cytoplasm. This resulted in caspase‐3 activation, which in turn induced apoptosis. The antioxidant N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) reduced ROS accumulation, MMP and Ca surge, on the other hand the Ca2+ chelator BAPTA inhibited the Ca overload and MMP without affecting the increase of ROS, indicating that the generation of ROS occurred prior to Ca2+ flux. This suggested that both ROS and Ca signaling play roles in the increased MMP via Ca‐dependent and/or ‐independent mechanisms, since ΔΨm elevation was reversed by NAC and BAPTA. This study provides the first evidence for the involvement of both ROS‐ and Ca‐activated signals in the disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis and the precedence of ROS production over the failure of Ca2+ flux homeostasis. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 1124–1134, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anti‐adhesive property of P‐selectin glycoprotein ligand‐1 (PSGL‐1) due to steric hindrance effect
Authors: Umeki Saori , Suzuki Ryoichi , Ema Yasuo , Shimojima Masayuki , Nishimura Yorihiro , Okuda Masaru , Mizuno Takuya 
Published: November 2012

AbstractP‐selectin glycoprotein ligand‐1 (PSGL‐1) is an adhesive molecule that is known to be a ligand for P‐selectin. An anti‐adhesive property of PSGL‐1 has not been previously reported. In this study, we show that PSGL‐1 expression is anti‐adhesive for adherent cells and we have elucidated the underlying mechanism. Overexpression of PSGL‐1 induced cell rounding and floating in HEK293T cells. Similar phenomena were demonstrated in other adherent cell lines with overexpression of PSGL‐1. PSGL‐1 overexpression inhibits access of antibodies to cell surface molecules such as integrins, HLA and CD25. Cells transfected with PSGL‐1 deletion mutants that lack a large part of the extracellular domain and chimeric construct expressing extracellular CD86 and intracellular PSGL‐1 only showed rounded morphology, but there are no floating cells. These results indicated that PSGL‐1 causes steric hindrance due to the extended structure of its extracellular domain that is highly O‐glycosylated, but intracellular domain also has some effect on cell rounding. This study implies that PSGL‐1 has Janus‐faced functions, being both adhesive and anti‐adhesive. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 1271–1285, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The other gastropod larvae: Larval morphogenesis in a marine neritimorph
Authors: Page Louise R. , Ferguson Samuel J. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractTwo of the three major gastropod clades with feeding larvae are sister groups and larval morphogenesis for members of these clades, the Caenogastropoda and Heterobranchia, has been well studied. The third clade, the Neritimorpha, has an unstable phylogenetic position and little is known about development of their planktotrophic larvae. Information about larval morphology of neritimorphs and resolution of their controversial phylogenetic placement is critically important for understanding evolution of larval feeding within the Gastropoda. We describe larval morphogenesis to metamorphic competence for laboratory‐reared larvae of Nerita melanotragus (Smith, 1884) (Neritimorpha: Neritidae). Preliminary observations suggest that prehatch larvae are capable of delayed hatching, possibly by entering a diapause state. Our description of larval morphogenesis, as based on tissue sections for light and transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, three‐dimensional‐reconstructions of sectioned tissue, and labeling of muscles with fluorphore‐tagged phalloidin, revealed four features that are unprecedented among both feeding and nonfeeding gastropod larvae. Larvae of N. melanotragus have muscles on the left and right side that both meet current criteria of a larval retractor muscle; shell‐anchored muscles with oblique striations that project inside the visceral nerve loop to insert mainly on the velar lobes. They also have left and right digestive glands of similar size and a left and right hypobranchial gland. A larval “heart” is absent, but water circulation through the mantle cavity may be facilitated by large circular orifices, lined by patches of motile cilia, leading in and out of the mantle cavity. Comparison of larval traits among all three groups of gastropods with feeding larvae indicates that larvae of N. melanotragus have many unique characteristics, but they show more similarities to caenogastropod than to heterobranch larvae. These results are a significant step toward the goal of identifying primitive versus derived larval traits among feeding gastropod larvae. © J. Morphol., 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prevalence and clinical characteristics of human respiratory syncytial virus in Chinese adults with acute respiratory tract infection
Authors: Xiang Zichun , Gonzalez Richard , Ren Lili , Xiao Yan , Chen Lan , Zhang Jing , Wang Wei , Yang Qingqing , Li Jianguo , Zhou Hongli , Vernet Guy , Paranhos‐Baccalà Gláucia , Wang Zhong , Wang Jianwei 
Published: November 2012

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of respiratory tract illnesses worldwide. Although the prevalence and clinical manifestations of the two subtypes, RSV‐A and RSV‐B, have been studied in some detail in infants and young children, they have not been determined in adults. To evaluate the prevalence of the RSV subtypes and disease severity between RSV‐A and RSV‐B infections in adults, nasal and throat swabs that were collected from patients ≥15 years old who sought medical care for acute respiratory infections at the Fever Clinic of the Peking Union Medical College Hospital in Beijing, China between May 2005 and April 2010. The samples were tested for RSV infection using PCR and sequencing analysis. RSV was detected in 95 (1%) of the adult patients, of whom 53 (55.8%) were positive for RSV‐A and 42 (44.2%) for RSV‐B. The incidence of RSV infections increased with age (χ2 = 37.17, P = 1.66E−07). Demographic data and clinical manifestations of RSV‐A were similar to those of RSV‐B. Although RSV‐A and RSV‐B co‐circulated during the 2005–2006 and 2008–2009 seasons, RSV‐A was predominant in the 2006–2008 seasons, whereas RSV‐B was predominant in the 2009–2010 season. Upper respiratory tract infections were diagnosed in most RSV‐infected patients (n = 80, 84.2%), and three patients suffered from pulmonary infection. This is the first study to provide data on the prevalence and clinical manifestations of RSV subgroups among Chinese adults with fever and acute illness, over five successive epidemic seasons. J. Med. Virol. 85:348–353, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimizing the design of a tactile display based on a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer array
Authors: Chouvardas V. G. , Hatalis M. K. , Miliou A. N. 
Published: November 2012

SUMMARYIn this paper, the design and simulation of a tactile display that is based on a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) array is presented. The array implements a ‘pixel’ of the display and is used to focus airborne ultrasound energy on the skin surface. The pressure field generated by the focused ultrasound waves excites the mechanoreceptors under the skin and transmits tactile information. The geometry of the individual transducer and the array are optimized so that the medium presents maximum impedance and the membrane oscillates with maximum deflection. Optimization is achieved using an electrical equivalent circuit model and the Berkeley Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE) code. Finite element analysis of the CMUT and the CMUT phased array is used to verify the SPICE results. The pressure at focal point is compared with the pressure threshold required for mechanoreceptor excitation in order to verify the feasibility of the design. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structural, compositional, and biomechanical alterations of the lumbar spine in rats with mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (Maroteaux–Lamy syndrome)
Authors: Lai Alon , Simonaro Calogera M. , Schuchman Edward H. , Ge Yi , Laudier Damien M. , Iatridis James C. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractMucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) VI is an inherited lysosomal storage disorder resulting from deficiency of N‐acetylgalactosamine‐4‐sulfatase activity and subsequent accumulation of incompletely degraded dermatan sulfate (DS) containing glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Painful spinal deformities are commonly found in MPS VI patients. We characterized lumbar spine structure, composition, and biomechanics in a naturally occurring rat MPS VI model and evaluated the role of MMP‐13, ADAMTS‐5 and TNF‐α in modulating the observed changes. MPS VI rats had discs with large vacuolated cells and sizable nuclear defects. MPS spine segments also had structural and functional changes suggestive of spinal instability, including decreased nuclear pressurization, increased joint laxity and increased disc height index. These functional changes were at least partly associated with elevated ADAMTS‐5, MMP‐13, and TNF‐α. Vertebral and endplate biomechanics were also affected by MPS VI with decreased failure load and stiffness. The discal and vertebral dysfunctions observed in MPS VI rats are likely to be associated with pathological spinal conditions, similar to those that afflict MPS patients. Our findings also suggest more broadly that abnormal accumulation of GAGs and the associated chronic pro‐inflammatory and catabolic cascade may also be a source of spinal dysfunction. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31: 621–631, 2013
Seed phosphorus remobilization is not a major limiting step for phosphorus nutrition during early growth of maize
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad , Mollier Alain , Morel Christian , Vives Alain , Prud'homme Loïc , Pellerin Sylvain 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPhosphorus (P) is the least mobile nutrient in the soil as compared to other macronutrients and therefore frequently limits crop growth. During germination and early growth, seed‐phytate hydrolysis and seed‐P remobilization is the major P source for developing seedlings. The objective of this paper was to investigate whether seed‐P hydrolysis and remobilization of nonphytate P are sufficient for seedling P nutrition during early growth stages of maize. A large part of initial maize endogenous seed P reserves are mainly in the form of phytate. Till 70 cumulated degree days after sowing, nearly all the phytate (98%) was hydrolyzed and caused an increase in nonphytate P in seeds. Phytate hydrolysis and remobilization of nonphytate P was the main source of P supply for the newly growing seedlings and was not a limiting step for seedling P nutrition during the first four weeks of early growth.
The greater effectiveness of Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices in improving productivity, oil content and tolerance of salt‐stressed menthol mint (Mentha arvensis)
Authors: Bharti Nidhi , Baghel Savita , Barnawal Deepti , Yadav Anju , Kalra Alok 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDMentha arvensis is cultivated in large parts of the world for its menthol‐rich essential oil. The study investigates the potential of four mycorrhizal fungi, viz. Glomus mosseae (Gm), Glomus aggregatum (Ga), Glomus fasciculatum (Gf) and Glomus intraradices (Gi) in alleviating NaCl‐induced salt stress in Mentha arvensis cv. Kosi and establishes the specificity of interaction between different mycorrhizal species and their effectiveness in mitigating salt stress in Mentha arvensis. Mycorrhizal and non‐mycorrhizal Mentha plants were subjected to NaCl‐induced salinity.RESULTSAmong the four Glomus species, Gm and Gi reduced salt‐induced herb yield losses: a loss of 27.53% and 25.58% respectively under salt stress in comparison to 51.00% in non‐mycorrhizal M. arvensis salt‐stressed plants. Gm‐ and Gi‐inoculated plants also recorded higher leaf:stem ratio, oil content, and oil yield and menthol concentration in essential oil under both saline and non‐saline conditions.CONCLUSIONBetter performance in terms of herb yield, and oil content and yield was observed in Gi‐ and Gm‐inoculated M. arvensis plants, suggesting the capability of Gi and Gm in protecting plants from the detrimental effects of salt stress; beneficial effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, however, may vary with host and environment. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparison of disease‐specific survival in the United States and Korea after resection for early‐stage node‐negative gastric carcinoma
Authors: Strong Vivian E. , Song Kyo Young , Park Cho Hyun , Jacks Lindsay M. , Gonen Mithat , Shah Manish A. , Coit Daniel G. , Brennan Murray F. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesDisease‐specific survival (DSS) for GC patients differs in Eastern and Western countries. The aim is to compare outcomes of US and Korean patients following resection of early‐stage, node‐negative gastric carcinoma (GC).MethodsAll patients (1995–2005) with T1N0 gastric carcinoma, excluding gastroesophageal tumors, were evaluated. DSS was compared by adjusting for prognostic variables from an internationally validated GC nomogram.ResultsThe cohort included 598 Korean patients and 159 US patients. Age and BMI were significantly higher in US patients. Distal tumor location was more frequent in Korea (60% vs. 52%) and proximal location in the US (19% vs. 5%, P < 0.0001). Five‐year DSS did not differ significantly between Korea and the US. After multivariate analysis, DSS of Korean patients persisted, with no significant differences when compared to US patients (HR = 1.2, 95% CI: 0.3–5.2, P = 0.83).ConclusionsDespite widespread speculations that GC differs in the East and West, when we compare similarly staged, node‐negative GC patients, survival did not differ significantly between Korea and the US. This suggests that GC is a heterogeneous disease and when similar subtypes of gastric cancer are compared, these differences disappear. This study suggests more similarities than previously hypothesized between US and Korean GC patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:634–640. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Estimating the adjuvant chemotherapy effect in elderly stage II and III colon cancer patients in an observational study
Authors: Kim Ki‐Yeol , Cha In‐Ho , Ahn Joong Bae , Kim Nam Kyu , Rha Sun Young , Chung Hyun Cheol , Roh Jae Kyung , Shin Sang Joon 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPurposeAdjuvant chemotherapy has been known as a standard treatment for patients with resected colon cancer. However, in elderly colon cancer patients, the characteristics of patients are heterogeneous with regard to life expectancy and comorbidities. Thus, with regard to the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer, it is difficult to extrapolate data of clinical trials from the younger into the older general population.MethodsData for 382 elderly colon cancer patients were analyzed: 217 in Stage II and 165 in Stage III. The efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy was evaluated in elderly colon cancer patients after a match by the propensity score method.ResultsFor matched patients with Stage II colon cancer, there was no significant efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in the risk of death during all follow‐up periods (P‐value, 0.06–0.37). Though there was a tendency that the adjuvant chemotherapy reduces the death rate during the follow‐up periods, it was not statistically significant. In the case of Stage III, the adjuvant chemotherapy was significantly effective in matched patients for 5‐year (hazard ratio [HR], 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.30–0.90) and overall survival (HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.34–0.94).ConclusionsAdjuvant chemotherapy for elderly patients with Stage II colon cancer is not effective, whereas elderly patients with Stage III with adjuvant chemotherapy appear to have a better survival rate in the general population. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:613–618. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nodal status is not a prognostic factor in patients with HPV‐positive oral/oropharyngeal tumors
Authors: Klozar Jan , Koslabova Eva , Kratochvil Vit , Salakova Martina , Tachezy Ruth 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectivesThe primary aim is to compare the prognostic parameters in patients with HPV‐positive and HPV‐negative tumors. The secondary aim is to compare the patterns of treatment failure between these groups.MethodsAnalysis of prognostic factors in a group of 170 patients.ResultsHigh‐risk HPV DNA was detected in 98 cases, 72 tumors were HPV negative. Both the overall and disease‐specific survival rates were better in HPV‐positive patients. In patients with HPV‐negative tumors, the prognostic factors in univariate analysis were pT and pN classification, tumor stage, number of positive nodes, and extracapsular spread. Stage, pT, higher pN, and number of nodes maintained statistical significance after adjustment. None of the studied prognostic factors was significant in the group of patients with HPV‐positive tumors. There was a significant difference in the local—regional recurrence rates—37% in HPV‐negative cases and 18% in HPV‐positive cases.ConclusionThe characteristics of the extent of the disease in general and of regional lymph node metastasis in particular are probably much less important in the prediction of the outcome of HPV‐positive than of HPV‐negative tumors. Improved survival of patients with HPV‐positive tumors is due mostly to the difference in the local–regional failure rates. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:625–633. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of Short‐Chain Branching on the Melt Behavior of Polypropylene Under Small‐Amplitude Oscillatory Shear Conditions
Authors: Palza Humberto , Quijada Raúl , Wilhelm Manfred 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe melt rheological properties of several isotactic copolymers of propylene with either 1‐hexene or 1‐octadecene, synthesized by the Me2Si[2‐Me‐Ind]2ZrCl2/MAO catalytic system, are studied under small‐amplitude oscillatory shear conditions. Our results show that the addition of short‐chain branching (C4 or C16) modifies the main melt properties. The zero‐shear‐rate viscosity is strongly decreased when the comonomers are incorporated as compared with an equivalent homopolymer of the same molar mass. These experimental findings are in agreement with previous models based on the reptation theory. The plateau modulus and the reptation relaxation time are also decreased with the presence of comonomer. An increase in the activation energy of flow is observed in the polypropylene melt when short‐chain branching are incorporated. The changes in the properties depend strongly on the size of the comonomer.
Simulating the Shape‐Memory Behavior of Amorphous Switching Domains of Poly(L‐lactide) by Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Ghobadi Ehsan , Heuchel Matthias , Kratz Karl , Lendlein Andreas 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe thermally induced shape‐memory effect of polymers is typically characterized by cyclic uniaxial thermomechanical tests. Here, a molecular‐dynamics (MD) simulation approach of such a cyclic uniaxial thermomechanical test is presented for amorphous switching domains of poly(L‐lactide) (PLLA). Uniaxial deformation of the constructed PLLA models is simulated with a Parinello–Rahman scheme, as well as a pragmatic geometrical approach. We are able to describe two subsequent test cycles using the presented simulation approach. The obtained simulated shape‐memory properties in both test cycles are similar and independent of the applied deformation protocols. The simulated PLLA shows high shape fixity ratios (Rf ≥ 94%), but only a moderate shape recovery ratio is obtained (Rr ≥ 30%). Finally, the structural changes during the simulated test are characterized by analysis of the changes in the dihedral angle distributions.magnified image
Photo‐Cured Epoxy Networks Functionalized With Fe3O4 Generated by Non‐hydrolytic Sol–Gel Process
Authors: Sangermano Marco , Allia Paolo , Tiberto Paola , Barrera Gabriele , Bondioli Federica , Florini Nicola , Messori Massimo 
Published: November 2012

AbstractMagnetite nanoparticles were prepared by a non‐hydrolytic sol–gel (NHSG) process in the presence of benzyl alcohol. The obtained magnetite suspensions were mixed with an aliphatic epoxy resin and the formulations were photo‐polymerized to achieve composite materials with magnetic properties. The prepared magnetite nanoparticles and epoxy composites were fully characterized in terms of their magnetic properties.
Dibromomaleimide Derivative as an Efficient Polymer Coupling Agent for Building Topological Polymers
Authors: Cui Yi , Yan Yechao , Chen Yongming , Wang Zhaohui 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe dibromomaleimide derivative, N‐(4‐bromobutyl)‐dibromomaleimide (dBMIB), is found to be a highly efficient coupling agent to dimerize thiol‐terminated hydrophilic polymers by substituent reaction. When mono‐thiol poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO45‐SH) is mixed with dBMIB in an equivalent molar feed in water, a dimer of PEO45 with a maleimide unit located at the chain center, (PEO45)2MIB, is obtained quantitatively. The dBMIB is also used to dimerize thiol‐ terminated poly(N‐(2‐acryloyloxyethyl) pyrrolidone) and poly(N,N‐dimethyl acrylamide). Moreover, the butylene bromide of (PEO45)2MIB is transferred into a butylene azide, which is allowed to react with alkynyl‐terminated polystyrene to give a A2B miktoarm star polymer via a copper‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition coupling reaction.
On irreducible p, q‐representations of Lie algebras \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathcal {G} (0,1)$\end{document} and \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathcal {G} (0,0)$\end{document}
Authors: Sahai Vivek , Yadav Sarasvati 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn this paper, the irreducible p, q‐representations of the Lie algebras \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathcal {G}(0,1)$\end{document} and \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathcal {G}(0,0)$\end{document} are discussed. We prove two theorems that classify certain irreducible p, q‐representations of these Lie algebras and construct their one variable models in terms of p, q‐derivative and dilation operators. As an application, we derive a p, q‐special function identity based on one such model.