bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1381 – Phosphorylation Of Peripheral Glucocorticoid Receptor In The Continuum From Current Depressive Episode To Vulnerability To Depression
Authors: Maric N.P. , Simic I. , Pavlovic Z. , Mitic M. , Soldatovic I. , Andric S. , Mihaljevic M. , Radojcic M. , Adzic M. 
Published: July 2013

The impaired glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling has long been considered one of cornerstones in understanding the pathophysiology of depression. Phosphorylation of GR is very important for GR function, therefore we investigated: a) whether GR phosphorylation at serine 211 (pGR-S211) and serine 226 (pGR-S226) is altered in patients with episode of major depressive disorder (MDD); b) if neuroticism and negative affective states may be associated with altered GR phosphoisophorms of healthy adults. Phosphorylation at these sites is generally considered to be indicative of receptor activity. We studied leucocytes of :a)30 MDD patients and 35 controls, andb)37 healthy subjects, to assess the levels of nuclear total GR (tGR), pGR-S211 and pGR-S226 using Western blot technique.Our results demonstrated increased phosphorylation of GR at S226 and, to a less extent, at S211 in MDD compared to controls. Also, pGR-S226 positively correlated with neuroticism and self report of stress in healthy. In MDD, the pGRS211/ pGR-S226 ratio was decreased (p < 0.05) implying reduced transcriptional activity of GR in patients. In healthy, pGRS211/ pGR-S226 was negatively correlated with self-repored subclinical depression. MDD had higher cortisol levels than others and cortisol concentrations positively correlated with S226 levels from the same blood samples.We examined whether easily accessible peripheral markers of GR activity and disease status in depression exist. Although we examined leucocytes, we propose that reduced GR transcriptional activity could be one of mechanisms of impaired GR function in the brain, resulting in dysfunction of HPA axis observed as a risk for depression.
1384 – Attitude Of Nigerian Primary School Teachers To Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Adeosun I. , Ogun O. , Fatiregun O. , Adeyemo S. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionTeachers are potential partners in the referral and management of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) especially in resource constrained settings. However, their ability to play this role is a function of their knowledge of ADHD and their attitude towards children with the disorder. There is paucity of information on the attitude of Nigerian school teachers towards children with ADHD.Objective/aimThis study assessed the attitude of a sample of primary school teachers in Lagos, Nigeria towards children with ADHD.MethodPrimary school teachers (n = 144) recruited from four mainstream schools in Lagos State were presented with vignettes describing school children with ADHD. Thereafter, they completed questionnaires which elicited their knowledge of ADHD and attitudes towards children with the disorder.ResultsThe responses of the participants indicated a high level of misperception about ADHD and negative attitudes towards children with the disorder. Only 9.0% and 16.7% of the respondents agreed that ADHD could be successfully managed with medications and psychological interventions respectively. One out of four (25.7%) teachers affirmed that they would avoid relating with a child with ADHD, while 35.4% would be unwilling to accept a student with ADHD in their class.ConclusionThere is a high level of misperception about ADHD among Primary school teachers in Nigeria. This highlights the need for educational Interventions targeted towards improving the knowledge of teachers about ADHD. Furthermore, mental health literacy could be incorporated into the curriculum of institutions training primary school teachers.
1387 – Psychiatric Background Within Frequent Attenders To The Accident And Emergency Department, a Snap Shot Review
Authors: Mohammed Z. , Gash A. , Adeboye K. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionFrequent attenders to the Accident & Emergency (A&E) can cause a huge burden on the services.ObjectivesTo screen this group of patients for any previous existing psychiatric background as well as to identify patients with Medically Unexplained Physical Symptoms (MUPS) in order to sign post them to the appropriate services and to create a joint management plan with the A&E department.AimsNot different from the objectives.MethodThe list top 52 frequent attenders to two busy A&E departments in the North East of England for the period between Jan-Jun 2012, was obtained. Their records been verified on PARIS (the local Psychiatric Services Electronic Notes System) looking for at least one previous encounter with the services, if the patient was open to mental health and if the patient was care coordinated during that period. Diagnosis, history of substance misuse and significant alerts as well as housing were recorded. For the MUPS main reason for presentation was recorded. Joint care plan with A&E was also verified.ResultsThis group generated 851 attendance to A&E during this period. Mean attendance 16 (12-41). Nearly 80% of the sample had at least one encounter with the psychiatric services. 40% were actively open to the services. 18 patients were care cordinated. 30% had significant alert to harm others. 9 patients in total were classified as homeless.ConclusionSignificant number of regular patients at the A&E department have psychiatric background. There was limitation in identifying MUPS due to anomalies in coding.
1395 – Quality Of Life And Tnf-a Levels In Mexican Patients With Tuberculosis And Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Pezoa-Jares R.E. , Alvarez-Sekely A.M. , Lopez-Bago A.L. , Vasquez-Medina J.A. , Cruz-Fuentes C.S. , Lascurain-Ledesma R. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionTuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease whose presentation is dependent on host defenses, whereas neuroimmune disregulations are a feature of major depressive disorder (MDD). There are complex interactions between the immune and nervous systems; Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-a) has been shown to play a role in the pathophysiology of both TB and MDD. These diseases are prevalent in Mexico, however there is scant research addressing their comorbidity and related immune mechanisms.ObjectivesEvaluate differences in TNF-a levels and quality of life between subjects with TB and/or MDD.MethodsThirty-seven subjects (MDD = 10, TB = 9, TB + MDD = 8, controls = 10) were recruited. Instruments used were the SCID-I, Beck Depression Inventory, Hamilton Depression Scale and the World Health Organization Quality of Life survey. A blood sample was obtained from each subject to assess percentage of mononuclear cells positive for TNF-a, using an intracellular cytokines assay.ResultsHighest mean levels of TNF-a were found in the comorbid TB + MDD group (X = 10.46, DE = 14.59) while the control group had the lowest levels (X = 3.26, DE = 4.93). However, when comparing all groups, no statistically significant differences were found. Mean quality of life scores were lower in the MDD (X = 65.6, DE = 5.4) and TB + MDD (X = 66.2, DE = 14.5) groups. When comparing all groups, there were significant differences between TB vs. MDD (p = 0.013), TB vs. TB + MDD (p = 0.004) and MDD vs. control (p = 0.0002) groups.ConclusionsNo significant differences across groups were found regarding TNF-a levels, while subjects with MDD and TB + MDD showed a worse quality of life.
1401 – High Prevalence Of Treated Comorbid Conditions In Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Agarwal S.K. , Agarwal N.K. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a complex and heterogeneous disease. Several psychiatric conditions including depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic attacks, aggressive and violent behavior and substance abuse are frequently associated with schizophrenia. Non-psychiatric comorbid conditions are also common in this population.ObjectivesTo evaluate the presence of non-psychiartic comorbid condtions in patients with schizophrenia.AimsThis study looked at the medication history for non-psychiatric comorbid condtions in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsFour residential institutions for patients with schizophrenia were chosen for the study. There were a total of 145 patients with schizophrenia. The first had 48 patients, males 30 and females 18, the second had 42 patients; 29 males 13 females, the third had 27 patients; 13 males and 14 females and the fourth had 28 patients; 15 males and 13 females. Medications were reviewed for the following comorbid conditions: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, asthma/COPD, hypercholesterolemia, arthritis, hypothyroidism, osteoporosis and miscellaneous.ResultsOf the 145 institutionalized schizophrenia patients(87 males (60%) and 58 females (40%); aged 28 to 82 years), comorbid conditions being treated were as follows: hypertension: 82(56%); diabetes mellitus:39(27%); lung disease 37(26%); hypercholesterolemia 50(35%); arthritis 28(19%), hypothyroidism 11(6%), osteoporosis 7(5%) and others 50(35%). There were only 24(17%) patients who had no treatment for any comorbid conditions.ConclusionsThe vast majority (83%) of institutionalized patients with schizophrenia are on medications for multiple nonpsychiatric comorbid conditions. Psychiatrists need to be cognizant of this clinical complexity and the resultant polypharmacy in this population. Continuing care should be coordinated with a general medical practitioner.
1404 – Impacts Of Mental Retardation On Inpatient Psychiatric Care Delivery Of Bipolar Disorder - a National-wide Health Insurance Claims Data Analysis
Authors: Liu S.-K. , Wu C.-S. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundMental retardation can complicate the clinical course and outcome of bipolar disorder. How mental retardation affects the inpatient care of bipolar disorder warrants further investigation.MethodInformation regarding demographic characteristic, pre-admission use of outpatient services, medical co-morbidities and indices of inpatient health resources use (length of admission, hospitalization expenses and use of psychotrophic medications) of all individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder and mental retardation first admitted between 2000 and 2010 was extracted from a total population claims database in Taiwan and compared with those admitted during the same period due to bipolar disorder. Confounding factors affecting health utilization, including age, differences in hospital payment standard and medical cormobidity, were controlled by multivariate analysis.Results451 and 13,513 bipolar patients with and without mental retardation were identified during the study period. For the index admission, bipolar individuals with mental retardation were younger, had longer hospital stay with higher total expenditures, and tended to be transferred for continual inpatient treatment. They also received smaller dosage of antipsychotics, lithium and benzodiazepines. Although the number of medical co-morbidity did not differ, the prevalence of hypertension and metabolic disturbances was lower among bipolar individuals with mental retardations.ConclusionThe diagnosis of mental retardation was indeed associated with longer inpatient hospitalization and increased total cost of hospitalization expenses, despite being younger, with less metabolic imbalance and receiving less psychotrophic medications. Implications for the long-term course of bipolar disorder need to be confirmed by longitudinal follow-up studies.
1408 – Effectiveness Of Psychosomatic Rehabilitation Of Depressive Disorders
Authors: Bermejo I. , Löschmann C. 
Published: July 2013

Results64.3 of the patients were women, and were in average 49.1 years old. Most of the patients (46.3%) have an illness duration of one to five years. During the year before rehabilitation treatment 50.6% of the patients were between 3 and 6 month incapable to work and 28.7 more then 6 month. At admission 54.6 were not fit for work. Mean treatment duration was 39.7 (± 10.5) days. 52.0% had a moderate to severe depressive disorder, showing 32.3% comorbid anxiety disorder. After rehabilitation treatment 58.9% had no more depressive symptoms, 15.6% had mild and 25.4% a moderate to severe depression (effect size (ES) .05). During rehabilitation treatment patients improve their psychosocial functioning (GAF) from 59.3 to 70.3 (ES .03) and show a reduction of their physical (1.65 to 1.28; ES .01), psychological (2.32 to 1.54; ES .03) and social stress (2.01 to 1.38; ES .02).ConclusionOverall, it can be assumed that the rehabilitation of psychological depressive disorders has a high degree of effectiveness and could be an alternative to acute inpatient treatment.
1410 – Structural Brain Changes Associated With Depressive Symptoms In Elderly With And Without Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Lebedeva A. , Westman E. , Lebedev A. , Simmons A. , Aarsland D. ,   The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: July 2013

IntroductionDepression is common in the elderly with a significant impact on the quality of life, and increased risk for developing dementia. However, the underlying structural brain changes are not well established.ObjectivesTo investigate neuroanatomical correlates of depressive symptoms in elderly people with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Methods621 subjects with (n = 395) and without (n = 226) MCI selected from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database were included in the study. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) with a cut-off point of 6 was used to evaluate depression. All subjects had T1 3D MRI images acquired at multiple ADNI sites using a standardized MRI protocol. Image post-processing included steps for brain segmentation and cortex reconstruction, and was performed using the software Freesurfer. General linear modeling was used to investigate depression-associated brain differences in patients with and without MCI (using age and gender as nuisance covariates).ResultsNo depression-associated differences in cortical thickness were observed in subjects without MCI, whereas MCI subjects with depressive symptoms revealed significant thinning in right parahippocampal, middle temporal, left parahippocampal and entorinal gyri compared to non-depressed MCI patients.ConclusionWe found that depressive symptoms in elderly patients with MCI are associated with more severe atrophy in medial temporal area, suggesting a possible contribution of Alzheimer's pathology in the pathogenesis of depression in this group.
1411 – Integrated Care Of Depression In Germany - The Freiburger Modell
Authors: Bermejo I. , Hölzel L.P. , Voderholzer U. , Tebartz van Elst L. , Berger M. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundAlthough in Germany a very well developed healthcare system for mental disorders exists, there is empirical evidence of under diagnosis and under treatment. There is also evidence that a carefully planned integrated care model of inand outpatient treatment is a promising way to achieve improvements in care.MethodWithin the framework of the Freiburger Model of integrated care for depressive disorders a network of psychiatrists, primary care physicians and a university medical center a coordinated treatment for patients was initiated. Complementary to an evidence-based outpatient treatment the department of Psychiatry offers a complex treatment where patients can use different inpatient measures during outpatient treatment. Patients with a chronic depression could use a specific treatment program. To analyze the effects a continuous project evaluation was conducted.Results40 physiciansincluded 227 patients. Unipolar depressions constitute the most frequent disorders. Most depression. Most having a recurrent depressive disorder (61.0%) show a moderate depression (57.7%) and 36.3% a severe. Over two thirds (74.9%) are treated exclusively by general practitioners. According to physicians’ ratings, 57.6% of patients were remitted or showed subsyndromal symptoms in the eighth treatment week. After 16 weeks, it raised to 70.3%. According to the PHQ, 58.6% of patients were remitted or showed minimal symptoms.ConclusionAs a concrete implementation of an intersectorial and interdisciplinary framework concept for an integrated care of depressive disorders the Freiburger Model offers a evidence based model to assure in- and outpatient treatment by improving collaboration care through defined interfaces and clinical pathways.
1422 – Culture Sensitive Analysis Of Psychosomatic Complaints In Migrants In Germany
Authors: Bermejo I. , Kristion L. , Hölzel L.P. , Härter M. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundTo ensure an adequate health care of migrants, differentiated information on the association of cultural background and migration related factors and psychosomatic complaints are necessary.MethodCross-sectional questionnaire based survey regarding psychosomatic complaints of migrants from Turkey (n = 77), Italy (n = 95), and Spain (n = 67) and ethnic German resettled from the states of the former Soviet Union (n = 196). Questionnaires distributed by non-health specific counselling agencies of welfare associations.ResultsThe cultural background was a relevant factor for psychosomatic complaints, showing Turkish and ethnic German resettled migrants a higher likeliness, also compared to a sample of age corresponding Germans. Whereas Spanish and Italian migrants showed a lower risk for psychosomatic complaints. Also gender, feeling unwell in Germany and fatalism showed a significant association with psychosomatic complaints.ConclusionMigrants in Germany do not have per se a higher risk for psychosomatic complaints. A distinct differentiation by cultural background is necessary.
1427 – Dexamethasone Suppression Test And Depressive Symptoms Among Alcoholics Are Connected With Family History Of Alcoholism
Authors: Brykalski J. 
Published: July 2013

Clinicians and researchers have long considered stress to play major role in the development and continuation of alcohol use disorders. There are studies which reveal that alcohol dependent individuals manifest dysfunction in hormonal stress response system - the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Some data indicate that there is a connection between the HPA axis dysfunction and a family history of alcohol dependence.AimInvestigation of the relationship between the HPA axis function, depression and family history of alcohol problem (FHA).Method40 abstinent, alcohol dependent patients (9 females and 31 males) of inpatient treatment program were tested during the hospitalization with questionnaires (including family history of alcohol problem (FHA) and depressive symptoms measured by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)) and with dexamethasone (DEX) suppression test.Results22,5% of subjects had abnormal results of DEX test.There was significant (p < 0,05) correlation between DEX test and depressive symptoms among alcohol dependent subjects with positive FHA. There was no such correlation in negative FHA group. Abnormal DEX test was connected with higher scores in BDI.ConclusionsThere are correlations between depression, HPA-axis function and family history of alcohol problem.
1443 – Impaired Multisensory Integration And Disruption Of Spatial References In Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Carey A. , Luyat M. , Cottencin O. , Thomas P. , Guardia D. 
Published: July 2013

In anorexia nervosa (AN), body distortions have been associated with right parietal cortex (PC) dysfunction. The PC is the anatomical substrate for a supramodal reference framework involved in spatial orientation constancy. Our aim was to evaluate spatial orientation constancy and the perception of body posture in AN patients.In this case control study, the population consisted of 25 AN patients and 25 healthy controls. We investigated the effect of passive lateral body inclination on the visual and tactile subjective vertical (SV) and body Z-axis perception in each group. Subjects performed visual- and tactile- spatial judgments of axis orientations in an upright position and tilted 90° ckwise or counterclockwise.We observed a significant deviation of the tactile and visual SV towards the body (an A-effect) under tilted conditions, suggesting a multisensory spatial orientation deficit. Significant deviation of the Z-axis in the direction of the tilt was also observed in the AN group. The greatest A-effect in AN patients could reflect reduced interoceptive awareness and thus inadequate consideration of gravitational inflow. Furthermore, marked body weight loss could decrease the somatosensory inputs involved for spatial orientation.Our study results strengthen the role of PC in AN. These suggest that spatial references are impaired in AN, which could be due to disrupted multisensory integration in the PC such as visual, tactile, vestibular and somatosensory information.
1450 – Acute And Transient Psychotic Disorders: Clinical Features After Ten Years Of Evolution
Authors: Bredicean C. , Papava I. , Romosan R. , Romosan F. , Cristanovici M. , Vladut M. , Ienciu M. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThere currently are only a few clinical studies found in literature that assess acute psychosis in terms of its longitudinal clinical course, meaning whether it totally recovers, reappears later on or other types of psychotic episodes will appear.ObjectivesTo assess the clinical features of acute and transient psychosis after 10 years of evolution.AimTo emphasize the clinical stability of an onset diagnosis of acute psychotic disorder.MethodA sample of 40 subjects was assessed prospectively. They were admitted for the first time in Timisoara Psychiatric Clinic between 1999 and 2001 and have been diagnosed according to ICD 10 with acute and transient psychotic disorder (F23). The evaluation was performed at onset and after 10 years of evolution. Following parameters were analyzed: socio- demographic (age at onset, gender, educational, professional and familial status) and clinical (onset and current diagnosis).ResultsAfter 10 years of evolution 67.5% of the subjects have experienced also other types of psychotic episodes and changed diagnosis during the illness course. 32.5% of the subjects followed a 1 to 2 years treatment and did not relapse so far.ConclusionsAcute psychosis represent a heterogeneous group which can evolve to any other psychotic disorder.
1451 – Somatiforms Disorders And Parasuicidal Behaviour
Authors: Novakovic M.P. , Nasković Z. , Savković D. , Maksimović Z. , Novaković R. , Mitrić M. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveObject of the study is self-destructive behaviour of young people in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) in the period 2001- 2010. g. The aim of the study is exploration of the forms of self-destructive behaviour of young people in relation to poverty, adaptability and adolescence. Special aim is the analysis of self-destructive personalities.MethodTwo adolescent groups from (B&H) were statistically processed. The test group consisted of n=125 subjects who had parasuicide before they were of legal age, and control group consisted of n=125 persons with somatic symptoms and parasuicidal behaviour. The design of the study is longitudinal. Statistical processing was done with: GDL, EPQ, HAMD, PIE, and the study is prospective, stratified by quality (number of attempts) of parasuicide.ResultsParasuicide has a growing trend of seriousness of self-destruction in the first group and increased somatization of anxiety and depression in control group. Parasuicidal destruction is reflected in suicide (7.7%), mental disorders (15.5%), social segregation (12.5%) and cases of good maturation (65%). Somatiform disorders are proven on Hamilton’s scale: body anxiety: t-test=0.78593, general body symptoms: t-test=0.73369, genital symptoms: t-test=0.8268, which are confirmed by Pluchic’s test.ConclusionsDemonstrations of parasuicidal behaviour are found in both groups of respondents. Strong manifestations of self-destruction are clear in the test group, and in the control group they are expressed as masked forms of self-destruction. Both kinds of expression of the parasuicide are results of poverty, adaptability (PTSD), and personal difficulties in adolescence.