bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonadherence is Associated with Lack of HIV-Related Knowledge
Authors: Dyrehave Charlotte , Rasmussen Dlama Nggida , Hønge Bo Langhoff , Jespersen Sanne , Correia Faustino Gomes , Medina Candida , Wejse Christian , Rodkjaer Lotte ,   for the Bissau HIV Cohort Study Group
Published: August 2015

Background: Poor treatment adherence is a main barrier for effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) globally. HIV-related knowledge may affect understanding and utilization of HIV medical information, hence limited health literacy is a known barrier to treatment adherence. Design and Methods: A cross-sectional study included 494 HIV-infected individuals from the Bissau HIV Cohort in Guinea-Bissau. They completed a questionnaire designed for assessment of adherence and HIV-related knowledge. Results: A majority were female, 41% were illiterate, 25% did not take the medicine during the last 4 days, and 23% skipped their medicine during weekends. The most frequent reasons for not taking medicine were simply forgetting, side effects, lack of food, and being too ill to attend the clinic. Nonadherent patients had a lower level of HIV-related knowledge. Conclusion: Main barriers for nonadherence were side effects, food insecurity, and simply forgetting. Lack of HIV-related knowledge about ART and HIV may be a barrier to nonadherence.
Transitional jobs after release from prison: effects on employment and recidivism
Authors: Valentine Erin Jacobs , Redcross Cindy 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This paper presents the results of two experimental evaluations of transitional jobs programs for recently released former prisoners: the Evaluation of the Center for Employment Opportunities (CEO) and the Transitional Jobs Reentry Demonstration (TJRD). The analysis assesses the effects of these programs on employment and recidivism. We find that the programs in both studies led to a large increase in employment driven by the transitional jobs themselves. However, the programs did not increase employment in non-program jobs. In addition, the CEO transitional jobs program reduced recidivism, but the TJRD programs did not. These results have implications for policy and research.
Soluble β-glucan from Grifola frondosa induces tumor regression in synergy with TLR9 agonist via dendritic cell-mediated immunity
Authors: Masuda Yuki , Nawa Daiki , Nakayama Yoshiaki , Konishi Morichika , Nanba Hiroaki 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The maturation of dendritic cells into more-immunostimulatory dendritic cells by stimulation with different combinations of immunologic agents is expected to provide efficient, adoptive immunotherapy against cancer. Soluble β-glucan maitake D-fraction, extracted from the maitake mushroom Grifola frondosa, acts as a potent immunotherapeutic agent, eliciting innate and adoptive immune responses, thereby contributing to its antitumor activity. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of maitake D-fraction, in combination with a Toll-like receptor agonist, to treat tumors in a murine model. Our results showed that maitake D-fraction, in combination with the Toll-like receptor 9 agonist, cytosine–phosphate–guanine oligodeoxynucleotide, synergistically increased the expression of dendritic cell maturation markers and interleukin-12 production in dendritic cells, but it did not increase interleukin-10 production, generating strong effector dendritic cells with an augmented capacity for efficiently priming an antigen-specific, T helper 1–type T cell response. Maitake D-fraction enhances cytosine–phosphate–guanine oligodeoxynucleotide-induced dendritic cell maturation and cytokine responses in a dectin-1–dependent pathway. We further showed that a combination therapy using cytosine–phosphate–guanine oligodeoxynucleotide and maitake D-fraction was highly effective, either as adjuvants for dendritic cell vaccination or by direct administration against murine tumor. Therapeutic responses to direct administration were associated with increased CD11c+ dendritic cells in the tumor site and the induction of interferon-γ–producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Our results indicate that maitake D-fraction and cytosine–phosphate–guanine oligodeoxynucleotide synergistically activated dendritic cells, resulting in tumor regression via an antitumor T helper cell 1–type response. Our findings provide the basis for a potent antitumor therapy using a novel combination of immunologic agents for future clinical immunotherapy studies in patients.
Serum amyloid A1α induces paracrine IL-8/CXCL8 via TLR2 and directly synergizes with this chemokine via CXCR2 and formyl peptide receptor 2 to recruit neutrophils
Authors: De Buck Mieke , Berghmans Nele , Pörtner Noëmie , Vanbrabant Lotte , Cockx Maaike , Struyf Sofie , Opdenakker Ghislain , Proost Paul , Van Damme Jo , Gouwy Mieke 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Cell migration depends on the ability of leukocytes to sense an external gradient of chemotactic proteins produced during inflammation. These proteins include chemokines, complement factors, and some acute phase proteins, such as serum amyloid A. Serum amyloid A chemoattracts neutrophils, monocytes, and T lymphocytes via its G protein-coupled receptor formyl peptide receptor 2. We demonstrate that serum amyloid A1α more potently chemoattracts neutrophils in vivo than in vitro. In contrast to CD14+ monocytes, no rapid (within 2 h) induction of interleukin-8/CXC chemokine ligand 8 or macrophage-inflammatory protein-1α/CC chemokine ligand 3 was observed in purified human neutrophils after stimulation of the cells with serum amyloid A1α or lipopolysaccharide. Moreover, interleukin-8/CXC chemokine ligand 8 induction in monocytes by serum amyloid A1α was mediated by toll-like receptor 2 and was inhibited by association of serum amyloid A1α with high density lipoprotein. This indicates that the potent chemotactic response of neutrophils toward intraperitoneally injected serum amyloid A1α is indirectly enhanced by rapid induction of chemokines in peritoneal cells, synergizing in a paracrine manner with serum amyloid A1α. We observed direct synergy between IL-8/CXC chemokine ligand 8 and serum amyloid A1α, but not lipopolysaccharide, in chemotaxis and shape change assays with neutrophils. Furthermore, the selective CXC chemokine receptor 2 and formyl peptide receptor 2 antagonists, SB225002 and WRW4, respectively, blocked the synergy between IL-8/CXC chemokine ligand 8 and serum amyloid A1α in neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro, indicating that for synergy their corresponding G protein-coupled receptors are required. Additionally, SB225002 significantly inhibited serum amyloid A1α-mediated peritoneal neutrophil influx. Taken together, endogenous (e.g., IL-1β) and exogenous (e.g., lipopolysaccharide) inflammatory mediators induce primary chemoattractants such as serum amyloid A that synergize in an autocrine (monocyte) or a paracrine (neutrophil) fashion with secondary chemokines induced in stromal cells.
Secondary metabolites of the marine fungus Paradendryphiella
arenariae BCC 17999
Authors: Yoiprommarat Seangaroon , Srichomthong Kitlada , Deelai Supawadee , Suetrong Satinee , Sakayaroj Jariya , Bunyapaiboonsri Taridaporn , Unagul Panida 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The marine fungus Paradendryphiella arenariae BCC 17999, isolated from Thailand, was investigated for bioactive secondary metabolite production. Large-scale fermentation in liquid medium yielded several known compounds, including tricycloalternarenes 2b (also known as ACTG-toxin D), 3a, 3b, A, H, and 11a, as well as infectopyrone. Tricycloalternarenes 2b and 3b displayed weak cytotoxic activity against the human small-cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H187.
Enhancement of the dielectric performance of PA11/PVDF blends by a solution method with dimethyl sulfoxide
Authors: Li Rui , Xue Bin , Pei Jianzhong 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIn this study, the solution method was used to prepare polyamide 11/polyvinylidene difluoride (PA11/PVDF) blend films. The crystal phase compositions and microstructures of the blends were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis. Additionally, the dielectric properties of the PA11/PVDF blends, with different ratios and concentrations, were tested. The results indicated that the solution method is more propitious in forming β crystals during the preparation of the PA11/PVDF blend films compared with the melt blending method. The amount of β crystals present in PVDF was dependent on the ratio of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and H2O. Specifically, for the 5:95 ratio of DMSO/H2O precipitants, the PA11/PVDF (80:20) blend films prepared by the solution method had a high dielectric constant of 188.1 and a dielectric loss of 1.37.
The relationship between cesarean section rate in term singleton pregnancies, maternal weight, and weight gain during pregnancy
Authors: Trojner-Bregar Andreja , Blickstein Isaac , Lucovnik Miha , Steblovnik Lili , Verdenik Ivan , Tul Natasa 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPregravid maternal weight and appropriate weight gain during pregnancy might be associated with increased cesarean section rate.We used data from the Slovenian National Perinatal Information System to select singleton pregnancies born at ≥38 weeks, during the period between 2003 and 2012. We calculated the frequencies of urgent and elective cesarean sections (UCS and ECS, respectively) in mothers who gained less than, more than, and as recommended by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) according to their pregravid body mass index (BMI).The analysis included 170,121 women who delivered singletons ≥38 weeks. A total of 24,327 (14.3%) women underwent cesarean section: 14,692 (8.6%) UCS and 9635 (5.7%) ECS. The frequency of cesareans, both UCS and ECS, increases as BMI increases irrespective of weight gain pattern. The frequency of urgent cesareans in all women increases and that of elective cesareans among obese women decreases as the level of weight gain increases from undergainers to overgainers.The combination of pregravid BMI and weight gain pattern is an important determinant of cesarean section rates at term.
Sustainable urban development through an application of green infrastructure in district scale – a case study of Wrocław (Poland)
Authors: Surma Martyna 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The main goal of this article is to investigate sustainable urban development of the Central European city (Wrocław/Poland) through an environmental engineering application of SUDS (Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems) measures to managing stormwater in city sections with various land use in the same watershed area (the Ślęża River Valley). The author presents a study made in three different parts of the city (single housing district – Oporów, multihousing district – Nowy Dwór, public service district – Stadion), which were constructed in different historical periods. The analyses were supported by city masterplan, GIS software (Quantum GIS 1.7.4) and calculations made according to up-to-date specific regulations. They demonstrate the current sustainable stormwater management scenarios for areas of different land use, historical periods and function in the city. The proposed research method aims to compare sustainable urban development of the new urban district with the quarters, which had been built before the term “sustainability” became common in water and land development practice. The conducted study can be practically used as a supportive tool for urban planning authorities in Poland. The paper investigates a novel in the Polish realities method of assessment sustainability of the area through green infrastructure application in district scale.
A methodology for flood risk appraisal in Lithuania
Authors: Kriščiukaitienė Irena , Baležentis Tomas , Galnaitytė Aistė , Namiotko Virginia 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This paper presents a methodology for flood risk mapping as envisaged by the Directive on the Assessment and Management of Flood Risks [Directive 2007/60/EC]. Specifically, we aimed at identifying the types of flood damage that can be estimated given data availability in Lithuania. Furthermore, we present the main sources of data and the associated cost functions. The methodology covers the following main types of flood threats: risk to inhabitants, risk to economic activity, and social risk. A multi-criteria framework for aggregation of different risks is proposed to provide a comprehensive appraisal of flood risk. On the basis of the proposed research, flood risk maps have been prepared for Lithuania. These maps are available for each type of flood risk (i.e. inhabitants, economic losses, social risk) as well as for aggregate risk. The results indicate that flood risk management is crucial for western and central Lithuania, whereas other parts of the country are not likely to suffer from significant losses due to flooding.
Writer Identification Using Hand-Printed and Non-Hand-Printed Questioned Documents
Authors: Kam M , Lin E 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Several federal district court judges have recently referred to the purported lack of information on the proficiency of forensic document examiners (FDEs) in identifying writers of hand-printed documents. In order to provide the necessary information, we have re-analyzed data on writer identification that were collected in 1996 from 90 forensic document examiners and 34 laypersons. These data were used previously to assess the proficiency of FDEs using handwritten documents in several different types of writing. In the new analysis we separated data on handprinted (HP) documents from data on non-hand-printed (NHP) documents and compiled error rates and statistics in each category. The main findings are: (1) whether or not the documents were hand-printed, the performance of FDEs was much better than that of laypersons; (2) statistical tests found no difference between the data provided by the FDEs in the HP and NHP categories; (3) statistical tests found no difference between the data provided by laypersons in the HP and NHP categories; and (4) statistical tests found differences between the data provided by the FDEs and the laypersons in both the HP and NHP categories. Similar results were obtained when hand-printed documents were compared to cursive documents and when cursive documents were compared to non-cursive documents. All the evidence indicates that in our proficiency test the performance of FDEs in writer identification was much better than the performance of laypersons in each one of the following document categories: (1) handprinted; (2) non-hand-printed; (3) cursive; and (4) non-cursive.
Homemade Battery-Operated Multi-barreled Muzzle-Loading Gun
Authors: Ramiah R , Thirunavukkarasu G 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In a recent shootout by a terrorist group against a law enforcement agency, some unusual firearms were seized. On examination, these firearms were found to be homemade, battery-operated, multi-barreled muzzle-loading guns, analogous to a repeater. Reference to batteryoperated firearms is rather scanty in the literature. Hence, the unique design features, electrical circuit, and the operation system of these unusual guns are described.
Chemical Profiling of 3,4 Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) Tablets Seized in Hong Kong
Authors: Cheng W-C , Poon N-L , Chan M-F 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
During 2000-2001, the Government Laboratory of Hong Kong received over 600,000 ecstasy tablets in more than 2,600 cases. Using GC-MS or FTIR, the major amphetamine-type stimulants were identified, and the samples were categorized into four groups containing: (1) 3,4methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), (2) methamphetamine (MA), (3) 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), or (4) amphetamine. Our study revealed that in Hong Kong MDMA tablets have made up 98 and 71% of the total ecstasy tablets examined in 2000 and 2001, respectively. Among the MDMA cases, 613 cases involving a total of 123,776 tablets in 2001 were randomly selected, and their active ingredients, minor ingredients, and/or impurities were studied using GC-MS and HPLC. Based on the chemical profiles, and irrespective of their different physical characteristics, tablets obtained in different seizures could be determined as to whether or not they could have come from a common origin. The impurities detected in the MDMA tablets also served as excellent chemical markers from which plausible synthetic route(s) of the MDMA were inferred. Our study revealed that 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl-2-propanone (MDP2P), 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl-2-propanol (MDP), 3,4-methylenedioxy-Nmethylbenzylamine (MDB), piperonal and N-formyl-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (N-formyl-MDMA) were the most common impurities detected in MDMA tablets seized in Hong Kong. The finding of the phosphate salt of MDMA is intriguing. Based on a presumptive color test, spectroscopic data (FTIR/ESI-MS) and the percentage of MDMA content in a purified phosphate salt of MDMA, the ratio of the phosphate to MDMA was determined to be 1:1, suggesting that the compound is a dihydrogen phosphate salt [i.e. (HMDMA)H2PO4].
Virtopsy—Postmortem Multislice Computed Tomography (MSCT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in a Fatal Scuba Diving Incident
Authors: Plattner T , Thali MJ , Yen K , Sonnenschein M , Stoupis C , Vock P , Zwygart-Brugger K , Kilchor T , Dirnhofer R 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The body of a 44-year-old scuba diver was examined using postmortem multislice computed tomography (MSCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and findings were verified by subsequent autopsy. The goal was to find out whether the important pathomorphological findings for the reconstruction of events and the identification of cause and manner of death could be identified using modern digital cross-sectioning techniques. The findings of a massive vital decompression with pulmonary barotrauma and lethal gas embolism were identified in the radiological images. MSCT and MRI were superior to autopsy in the demonstration of the extent and distribution of gas accumulation in intraparenchymal blood vessels of internal organs as well as in areas of the body inaccessible by standard autopsy.
Distribution of HUMACTBP2 (SE33) Alleles in Three North American Populations
Authors: Reid TM , Ingala DA , Kraemer CM , Dage WM , Dieckhoner C , Fortman J , Hodge DM , Johnson KL , Oatman C , Schlotman H , Schuh C , Baird ML 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
DNA samples were isolated from unrelated individuals from References three North American populations: Black, Caucasian, and Hispanic, using a modified alkaline lysis method (1). The SE33 locus was amplified using the PowerPlex® ES Monoplex System, SE33 (Promega Corp., Madison, WI) according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Amplified DNA was analyzed with an ABI Prism 3100 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). Population data were analyzed for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (2) and other population parameters with DNA-View software, version 25.05 (3). The complete dataset is available upon request via e-mail from tmr@dnacenter.com.
Testing and Evaluation of a Slot and Tab Construction Technique for Light-Weight Wood-Fiber-Based Structural Panels Under Bending
Authors: Li Jinghao , Hunt John F. , Gong Shaoqin , Cai Zhiyong 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This paper presented construction and strain distributions for light-weight wood-fiber-based structural panels with tri-grid core made from phenolic impregnated laminated paper composites under bending. A new fastening configuration of slots in the faces and tabs on the core was applied to the face/core interfaces of the sandwich panel in addition to epoxy resin. Both normal strain gages and shear strain gages were attached on these panels to analyze inside strain distributions by third point load bending test. The purpose of the bending test was to investigate the various strain distributions of panels with different face/core configurations that identified the critical failure modes for future design. In this research, four panels with different configurations were constructed to analyze the influence of strain distributions for bending behavior. Either maximum localized normal strain or shear strain were used to judge failures and associated failure modes through observation. Test results of strain distribution showed normal strain was primarily carried by both top and bottom faces. As bending load increased, compression buckling occurred on the top surface of some panels with thinner faces. Face thickness and stiffness significantly affected the strength of the panel as evident by nonlinear strain behavior. Meanwhile, the shear strain was primarily taken by the ribs in the structural core, and shear failure always occurred in the longitudinal linear ribs of core with thicker faces. The shear strain in the cross ribs was approximately half that of the longitudinal linear ribs in the same section of shear zone, which was consistent with the geometric formula. The problem of panel imperfections resulting in either face compression buckling or rib shear buckling could be overcome by further design optimization, and the analytical modeling for bending design and evaluation was presented.
Development of a New Device for Bending Fatigue Testing
Authors: Mokhtarnia B. , Layeghi M. , Rasouli S. H. , Soltangheis B. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This paper presented an original bending fatigue-testing setup for fatigue characterization of composite materials. A three point quasi-static setup was introduced that was capable of applying stress control load in different loading waveforms, frequencies, and stress ratios. This setup was equipped with computerized measuring instruments to evaluate fatigue damage mechanisms. A detailed description of its different parts and working features was given and dynamic analysis was done to verify functional accuracy of the device. Feasibility was validated successfully by conducting experimental fatigue tests.
Key Criteria for Evaluating the Green Performance of Ports
Authors: Liao Mao-Sheng , Ding Ji-Feng , Liang Gin-Shuh , Lee Kuo-Liang 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The main purpose of this paper was to apply the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method to evaluate the key criteria of green performance of ports in Taiwan. After first constructing a hierarchical framework with 3 dimensions and 12 evaluation criteria based on the literature and views of scholars and industry experts, the AHP method was used to evaluate the key criteria based on the results of the AHP questionnaire. The results show that: (1) “hardware equipment” is the most important dimension when evaluating green performance of ports in Taiwan; (2) in order of importance, the top 6 key criteria for determining the green performance of ports were “low-pollution equipment,” “environmental quality monitoring facilities,” “port operating efficiency,” “environmental pollution emergency treatment capacity,” “efficiency of infrastructure linking to port” and “degree of carrier cooperation with the green port.” Furthermore, the study's results could provide a reference for evaluating green port competence for port operators in the future, as well as guidance to implementing a green port policy for port authority.