bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlations among differing quantitative definitions of lipid oxidative stability in commodity fats and oils
Authors: Kerrihard Adrian L. , Nagy Kornél , Craft Brian D. , Pegg Ronald B. 
Published: June 2015

The objective of this study was to explore the compatibility of various oxidative stability quantifications in vegetable oils. A diverse sample set (n = 50) of edible fats and oils was examined. Oil stability index (OSI) data were collected with the initial lipids, and four classical methods (peroxide value [PV], conjugated dienes/trienes [CDT], p‐anisidine value [p‐AnV], and 2‐thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances [TBARS]) were utilized to assess lipid decomposition over a period of 2 months of accelerated storage (60°C). Resultant oxidation curves were summarized by seven numerical interpretation techniques, and submitted to correlation analyses. The correlations among the different quantitations of stability ranged from negligible (r2 < 0.10) to strong (r2 > 0.90). The area‐under‐the‐curve (AUC) and maximum value data demonstrated the greatest consistencies among the different assays. The strongest predictive relationship between 1° and 2° outputs occurred between maximum values for CDT and p‐AnV (r2 = 0.71). OSI values showed moderate power regression relationships (r2 = 0.59–0.70) with the AUC data. The data demonstrate that the quantitation methods used to assess oxidative stability can dramatically affect results and conclusions. Caution, and consideration of these correlations, is recommended when designing oxidative stability studies, and also when comparing conclusions resulting from differing stability assessments.Practical applications: The information reported can assist investigators to make reasoned decisions in the design of studies regarding the assessment and summarization of oxidative stability. It can also help researchers when making comparisons to prior conclusions regarding oxidative stability, with more detailed consideration of the effect upon results of the different means by which stability may be assessed and defined.The oxidative stabilities of edible oils were assessed by multiple techniques and quantitative definitions, including those acquired rapidly and throughout long‐term accelerated storage. Correlations of substantially varying strengths were found among the different evaluations, quantifications, and orderings of stabilities within the sample set.
High Levels of Physical Activity in Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gümmer Ricarda , Giel Katrin Elisabeth , Schag Kathrin , Resmark Gaby , Junne Florian Philipp , Becker Sandra , Zipfel Stephan , Teufel Martin 
Published: June 2015

AbstractHigh level physical activity is a frequent symptom in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), influencing the development, maintenance, complications, treatment success, relapse rate and severity of the disease. Accelerometry is assumed to be an objective method to assess physical activity (PA) in AN. We aimed to review objectively measured levels of PA in AN and to give an overview for clinical practice and future research. Data were searched in PubMed and PsychINFO until April 2015 following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses statement. Twenty studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A notable heterogeneity of measurements, outcomes, participants and settings was found. Overall, HLPA is not adressed enough by current evidence. A common valid terminology of HLPA is not available, and accurate criteria of different levels of PA must be defined to create comparability of future studies. Further objective PA assessments are needed to improve treatment outcome and relapse rate. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Overexpression of Fkbp11, a feature of lupus B cells, leads to B cell tolerance breakdown and initiates plasma cell differentiation
Authors: Ruer‐Laventie Julie , Simoni Léa , Schickel Jean‐Nicolas , Soley Anne , Duval Monique , Knapp Anne‐Marie , Marcellin Luc , Lamon Delphine , Korganow Anne‐Sophie , Martin Thierry , Pasquali Jean‐Louis , Soulas‐Sprauel Pauline 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a severe systemic autoimmune disease, characterized by multi‐organ damages, triggered by an autoantibody‐mediated inflammation, and with a complex genetic influence. It is today accepted that adult SLE arises from the building up of many subtle gene variations, each one adding a new brick on the SLE susceptibility and contributing to a phenotypic trait to the disease. One of the ways to find these gene variations consists in comprehensive analysis of gene expression variation in a precise cell type, which can constitute a good complementary strategy to genome wide association studies. Using this strategy, and considering the central role of B cells in SLE, we analyzed the B cell transcriptome of quiescent SLE patients, and identified an overexpression of FKBP11, coding for a cytoplasmic putative peptidyl‐prolyl cis/trans isomerase and chaperone enzyme. To understand the consequences of FKBP11 overexpression on B cell function and on autoimmunity's development, we created lentiviral transgenic mice reproducing this gene expression variation. We showed that high expression of Fkbp11 reproduces by itself two phenotypic traits of SLE in mice: breakdown of B cell tolerance against DNA and initiation of plasma cell differentiation by acting upstream of Pax5 master regulator gene.
New Perspectives in Reducing Amyloid Aggregation and Toxicity
Authors: Chemerovski‐Glikman Marina , Richman Michal , Rahimipour Shai 
Published: June 2015

AbstractOne of the fundamental biochemical characteristics of Alzheimer′s Disease (AD) is the intercellular accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide plaques in the brain. Although there is not yet a cure for AD, major efforts have been made to identify antiamyloidogenic agents and therapeutic strategies to treat this disease and related conditions. Our group focuses on inhibiting the aggregation and toxicity of Aβ using two distinct approaches. The first involves covalently attaching the sequence‐derived core amyloidogenic amino acid fragment KLVFF to the surfaces of serum albumin microspheres. These particles bind soluble Aβ with high affinity, inhibit its aggregation, reduce its toxicity, and decrease the inflammation induced by its aggregates. Microsphere‐bound Aβ stimulates microglia and is phagocytosed via a different mechanism from that used for Aβ removal, so enabling its clearance even by defective cells. Our second approach utilizes self‐assembled cyclic D,L‐α‐peptides as conformational mimics of the amyloid fibril architecture that inhibit the aggregation and cytotoxicity of Aβ. Here, we review these strategies and their mechanisms of action.
The Permeability of an Artificial Membrane for Wide Range of pH in Human Gastrointestinal Tract: Experimental Measurements and Quantitative StructureActivity Relationship
Authors: Oja Mare , Maran Uko 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn silico models for membrane permeability have been based on values measured for single pH. Depending on the diet (fasted/fed state) and part of human intestine the range of pH varies approximately from 2.4 to 8.0. This motivated to study and model the membrane permeability of chemicals considering the whole range of pH in the human intestine. For this, effective membrane permeability values were measured for 65 drugs and drug‐like compounds using PAMPA method at four pHs (3, 5, 7.4, 9) over 48 h, introducing technological innovations for the time‐dependence measurement. The highest permeability value of a compound from four pHs was used to derive QSAR analyzing a large pool of molecular descriptors and introducing new descriptor. Using stepwise forward selection approach a significant QSAR model was derived that included only two mechanistically relevant descriptors, the logarithmic octanol‐water partition coefficient and hydrogen bonding surface area. Prediction confidence of the model was blind tested with a true external validation set of 15 compounds. The resulting QSAR model shows potential to combine permeability values from various pH‐s into one descriptive and predictive model for estimating maximum permeability in human gastrointestinal tract. The QSAR model and data are available through the QsarDB repository (http://dx.doi.org/10.15152/QDB.137).
A cyclic algorithm for maximum likelihood estimation using Schur complement
Authors: N'Guessan Assi , Geraldo Issa Cherif 
Published: June 2015

SummaryUsing the Schur complement of a matrix, we propose a computational framework for performing constrained maximum likelihood estimation in which the unknown parameters can be partitioned into two sets. Under appropriate regularity conditions, the corresponding estimating equations form a non‐linear system of equations with constraints. Solving this system is typically accomplished via methods which require computing or estimating a Hessian matrix. We present an alternative algorithm that solves the constrained non‐linear system in block coordinate descent fashion. An explicit form for the solution is given. The overall algorithm is shown in numerical studies to be faster than standard methods that either compute or approximate the Hessian as well as the classical Nelder–Mead algorithm. We apply our approach to a motivating problem of evaluating the effectiveness of Road Safety Policies. This includes several numerical studies on simulated data. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Systemic acquired resistance activation in solanaceous crops as a management strategy against root‐knot nematodes
Authors: Molinari Sergio 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDActivators of systemic acquired resistance (SAR), such as salicylic acid (SA) and its synthetic functional analogues benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole‐7‐carbothionic acid‐S‐methyl ester (BTH) and 2,6‐dichloroisonicotinic acid (INA), were tested on tomato, eggplant and pepper for the control of the root‐knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Effects on plant fitness, nematode reproduction and root galling were screened in relation to different methods of application, to different applied dosages of chemicals and to different plant growth stages. Dosages applied to plants were in relation to plant weights. These chemicals were also tested for their possible nematotoxic activity in vitro.RESULTSSoil drenches of SA and INA and root dip application of SA and BTH inhibited nematode reproduction, at specific dosage ranges, without affecting plant growth. SA and INA were able to reduce root galling as well. Foliar sprays of both SA and BTH were ineffective against nematode attacks. Plants tolerated SA more than the other chemicals tested. BTH at elevated concentrations increased the mortality of nematode juveniles and reduced egg hatching in vitro.CONCLUSIONSSAR activators at concentrations suitable for different plant growth stages and applied by the proper method can possibly be included in IPM programmes for nematode management. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation, Crystal Structure, Vibrational Spectra, and Thermal Behavior of Tl2H2P2O6 and Tl4P2O6
Authors: Wu Peng , Pook Niels‐Patrick , Gjikaj Mimoza 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe new thallium(I) salts, Tl2H2P2O6 (1) and Tl4P2O6 (2), were prepared and structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c and compound 2 in the orthorhombic space group Pbca. Both structures feature channels occupied by the lone electron pairs of Tl+ cations. Furthermore, those are built up by discrete [H2P2O6]2– for compound 1 and [P2O6]4– units for 2 in staggered conformation for the P2O6 skeleton and the thallium cations. In Tl2H2P2O6 (1) the hydrogen atoms of the [H2P2O6]2– ion are in a “trans‐trans” conformation. The O···H–O hydrogen bonds between the [H2P2O6]2– groups consolidate the structure 1 into a three‐dimensional network. FT‐IR/FIR and FT‐Raman spectra of the crystalline title compounds were recorded and a complete assignment for the P2O64– modes is proposed. The phase purity of 1 was verified by powder diffraction measurements.
Cathepsin D protects colorectal cancer cells from acetate-induced apoptosis through autophagy-independent degradation of damaged mitochondria
Authors: Oliveira C S F , Pereira H , Alves S , Castro L , Baltazar F , Chaves S R , Preto A , Côrte-Real M 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAcetate is a short-chain fatty acid secreted by Propionibacteria from the human intestine, known to induce mitochondrial apoptotic death in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. We previously established that acetate also induces lysosome membrane permeabilization in CRC cells, associated with release of the lysosomal protease cathepsin D (CatD), which has a well-established role in the mitochondrial apoptotic cascade. Unexpectedly, we showed that CatD has an antiapoptotic role in this process, as pepstatin A (a CatD inhibitor) increased acetate-induced apoptosis. These results mimicked our previous data in the yeast system showing that acetic acid activates a mitochondria-dependent apoptosis process associated with vacuolar membrane permeabilization and release of the vacuolar protease Pep4p, ortholog of mammalian CatD. Indeed, this protease was required for cell survival in a manner dependent on its catalytic activity and for efficient mitochondrial degradation independently of autophagy. In this study, we therefore assessed the role of CatD in acetate-induced mitochondrial alterations. We found that, similar to acetic acid in yeast, acetate-induced apoptosis is not associated with autophagy induction in CRC cells. Moreover, inhibition of CatD with small interfering RNA or pepstatin A enhanced apoptosis associated with higher mitochondrial dysfunction and increased mitochondrial mass. This effect seems to be specific, as inhibition of CatB and CatL with E-64d had no effect, nor were these proteases significantly released to the cytosol during acetate-induced apoptosis. Using yeast cells, we further show that the role of Pep4p in mitochondrial degradation depends on its protease activity and is complemented by CatD, indicating that this mechanism is conserved. In summary, the clues provided by the yeast model unveiled a novel CatD function in the degradation of damaged mitochondria when autophagy is impaired, which protects CRC cells from acetate-induced apoptosis. CatD inhibitors could therefore enhance acetate-mediated cancer cell death, presenting a novel strategy for prevention or therapy of CRC.
Ratio of C-Reactive Protein/Albumin is An Inflammatory Prognostic Score for Predicting Overall Survival of Patients with Small-cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Zhou Ting , Zhan Jianhua , Hong Shaodong , Hu Zhihuang , Fang Wenfeng , Qin Tao , Ma Yuxiang , Yang Yunpeng , He Xiaobo , Zhao Yuanyuan , Huang Yan , Zhao Hongyun , Zhang Li 
Published: June 2015

AbstractRecent studies have indicated that the C-reactive protein/ albumin (CRP/Alb) ratio is associated with clinical outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We examined the prognostic value of this ratio in patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). In this retrospective study, a total of 367 eligible SCLC patients were analyzed and the correlation between the pretreatment CRP/Alb ratio and overall survival (OS) was investigated. The optimal cutoff level of CRP/Alb ratio was at 0.441. A low and high CRP/Alb ratio was assigned to 65.1% and 34.9% of patients, respectively. The median OS of patients with a high CRP/Alb ratio was worse than those in the low group (13.70 vs 18.90 months HR, 1.34; p = 0.005). Disease stage (p < 0.001), performance status (PS) (p < 0.001) and pretreatment LDH (p < 0.001) were also significant predictors of OS. Multivariate analyses showed that the CRP/Alb ratio is an independent prognostic factor (p = 0.025). This study demonstrated that the CRP/Alb ratio could independently predict OS in patients with SCLC and had comparable prognostic value to other known prognostic markers. Therefore, the CRP/Alb ratio could have prognostic value and be a measurable biomarker in patients with SCLC.
East Asian summer monsoon precipitation variability since the last deglaciation
Authors: Chen Fahu , Xu Qinghai , Chen Jianhui , Birks H. John B. , Liu Jianbao , Zhang Shengrui , Jin Liya , An Chengbang , Telford Richard J. , Cao Xianyong , Wang Zongli , Zhang Xiaojian , Selvaraj Kandasamy , Lu Houyuan , Li Yuecong , Zheng Zhuo , Wang Haipeng , Zhou Aifeng , Dong Guanghui , Zhang Jiawu , Huang Xiaozhong , Bloemendal Jan , Rao Zhiguo 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe lack of a precisely-dated, unequivocal climate proxy from northern China, where precipitation variability is traditionally considered as an East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) indicator, impedes our understanding of the behaviour and dynamics of the EASM. Here we present a well-dated, pollen-based, ~20-yr-resolution quantitative precipitation reconstruction (derived using a transfer function) from an alpine lake in North China, which provides for the first time a direct record of EASM evolution since 14.7 ka (ka = thousands of years before present, where the “present” is defined as the year AD 1950). Our record reveals a gradually intensifying monsoon from 14.7–7.0 ka, a maximum monsoon (30% higher precipitation than present) from ~7.8–5.3 ka and a rapid decline since ~3.3 ka. These insolation-driven EASM trends were punctuated by two millennial-scale weakening events which occurred synchronously to the cold Younger Dryas and at ~9.5–8.5 ka and by two centennial-scale intervals of enhanced (weakened) monsoon during the Medieval Warm Period (Little Ice Age). Our precipitation reconstruction, consistent with temperature changes but quite different from the prevailing view of EASM evolution, points to strong internal feedback processes driving the EASM and may aid our understanding of future monsoon behaviour under ongoing anthropogenic climate change.
Magnetic skyrmion transistor: skyrmion motion in a voltage-gated nanotrack
Authors: Zhang Xichao , Zhou Yan , Ezawa Motohiko , Zhao G. P. , Zhao Weisheng 
Published: June 2015

AbstractMagnetic skyrmions are localized and topologically protected spin configurations, which are of both fundamental and applied interests for future electronics. In this work, we propose a voltage-gated skyrmion transistor within the well-established framework of micromagnetics. Its operating conditions and processes have been theoretically investigated and demonstrated, in which the gate voltage can be used to switch on/off a circuit. Our results provide the first time guidelines for practical realization of hybrid skyrmionic-electronic devices.
Phase-Lock Requirements in a Serial Array of Spin Transfer Nano-Oscillators
Authors: Qu T. , Victora R.H. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe most promising approach to attain a narrow linewidth and a large output power simultaneously in spin torque oscillators is self-phase-locking of an array of oscillators. Two long range coupling mechanisms, magnetostatic interaction and self-induced current, are explored. Synchronization occurs with MR ratio ~14% and volume ~2.1 × 10−5 μm3 at room temperature for an experimental frequency dispersion, when only the self-induced microwave current is present. The dipole interaction decreases the MR ratio requirement when the elements are properly spaced.
Iliac Crest Bone Graft in Lumbar Fusion: The Effectiveness and Safety Compared with Local Bone Graft, and Graft Site Morbidity Comparing a Single-Incision Midline Approach with a Two-Incision Traditional Approach
Authors: France John C. , Schuster James M. , Moran Katherine , Dettori Joseph R. 
Published: June 2015

Study Design Systematic review. Clinical Questions (1) Is autologous local bone (LB) graft as safe and effective as iliac crest bone graft (ICBG) in lumbar spine fusion? (2) In lumbar fusion using ICBG, does a single-incision midline approach reduce postoperative iliac crest pain compared with a two-incision traditional approach? Methods Electronic databases and reference lists of key articles were searched up to October 2014 to identify studies reporting the comparative efficacy and safety of ICBG versus LB graft or comparing ICBG harvest site for use in lumbar spine surgery. Studies including allograft, synthetic bone, or growth factors in addition to ICBG and those with less than 80% of patients with degenerative disease in the lumbar spine were excluded. Two independent reviewers assessed the level of the evidence quality using the Grades of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation criteria, and disagreements were resolved by consensus. Results Seven studies were identified as using ICBG fusion for degenerative disease in the lumbar spine. There were no differences in the fusion, leg pain, low back pain, or functional outcomes between patients receiving LB versus ICBG. There was a higher incidence of donor site pain and sensory loss in patients receiving ICBG, with no donor site complications attributed to LB. Compared with patients with the graft harvested through the two-incision traditional approach, patients with the graft harvested through the single-incision midline approach had lower mean pain scores over the iliac crest, with a higher proportion reporting no iliac crest tenderness. In patients with ICBG harvested through the single-incision midline approach on either the right or the left side of the ilium, only 36% of the patients were able to correctly identify the side when asked whether they knew which iliac crest was harvested. Only 19% of the patients with ICBG harvested through the single-incision midline approach on either the right or the left side of the ilium reported pain that was concordant with the side that was actually harvested. Conclusions LB is as safe and efficacious as ICBG for instrumented fusion in the lumbar spine to treat degenerative disease. When ICBG is used, graft harvest through the single-incision midline approach reduces postoperative iliac crest pain compared with a two-incision approach.
Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion as a Salvage Technique for Pseudarthrosis following Posterior Lumbar Fusion Surgery
Authors: Mobbs Ralph J. , Phan Kevin , Thayaparan Ganesha K. , Rao Prashanth J. 
Published: June 2015

Study Design Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected observational data. Objective To assess the safety and efficacy of anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) as a salvage option for lumbar pseudarthrosis following failed posterior lumbar fusion surgery. Methods From 2009 to 2013, patient outcome data was collected prospectively over 5 years from 327 patients undergoing ALIF performed by a single surgeon (R.J.M.) with 478 levels performed. Among these, there were 20 cases of failed prior posterior fusion that subsequently underwent ALIF. Visual analog score (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and Short Form 12-item health survey (SF-12) were measured pre- and postoperatively. The verification of fusion was determined by utilizing a fine-cut computed tomography scan at 12-month follow-up. Results There was a significant difference between the preoperative (7.25 ± 0.8) and postoperative (3.1 ± 2.1) VAS scores ( p < 0.0001). The ODI scale also demonstrated a statistically significant reduction from preoperative (56.3 ± 16.5) and postoperative (30.4 ± 19.3) scores ( p < 0.0001). The SF-12 scores were significantly improved after ALIF salvage surgery: Physical Health Composite Score (32.18 ± 5.5 versus 41.07 ± 9.67, p = 0.0003) and Mental Health Composite Score (36.62 ± 12.25 versus 50.89 ± 10.86, p = 0.0001). Overall, 19 patients (95%) achieved successful fusion. Conclusions Overall, our results suggest that the ALIF procedure results not only in radiographic improvements in bony fusion but in significant improvements in the patient's physical and mental experience of pain secondary to lumbar pseudarthrosis. Future multicenter registry studies and randomized controlled trials should be conducted to confirm the long-term benefit of ALIF as a salvage option for failed posterior lumbar fusion.