bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A storage assignment model for batch preparation in process industries
Authors: Ashayeri Jalal , Selen Willem 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop new model formulation for reducing the workload in pre‐batching at a manufacturer of flavors and fragrances, by optimally assigning ingredients to different storage types, taking into account past usage of ingredients and several restrictions about volumes and number of storage units.Design/methodology/approachTwo models were developed, using mathematical programming, accommodating either fixed or variable shelf settings in vertical carousel storage, along with other varying storage types. The models were validated, yielding a sizeable reduction in workload, and run under varying scenarios of storage additions to reduce workload even further.FindingsFor different storage addition scenarios, application of the new model formulation yielded a reduction of 22 percent in workload. In addition, aside from space savings, approximately 40 percent of refill order total waiting time was reduced due to improved allocation.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors' analysis was limited by considering direct cost savings only. Yet, reduced workloads in pre‐batching may also yield indirect cost savings, such as reduced quality costs, inventory costs, and investment savings by not having to extend the pre‐batching area. Such considerations may be addressed in future research, provided data on indirect savings are available.Practical implicationsWhile intuitive storage allocation overloads the pre‐batching department and increases space utilization, suggesting an incorrect perception that more personnel and space are needed, the proposed approach provides a better alternative through optimized allocations.Originality/valueThe present paper adds to the literature on carousel storage location by explicitly addressing the storage sizing issue, as well as workload balancing.
Setting up a youth violence prevention project in a London hospital emergency department
Authors: llan‐Clarke Yael , Bunn Amanda , DeMarco Jeffrey , Bifulco Antonia , Criddle John , Holdsworth Gillian 
Published: July 2013

PurposeYouth violence victimisation impacts on health, mental health and future risk trajectories. A London hospital emergency department (ED) outreach youth service provides a unique intervention opportunity to support adolescents involved in violence. The purpose of this paper is to describe the set‐up of the service.Design/methodology/approachYoung people (YP) targeted were aged 12‐18, from two London boroughs and attended ED with injuries from a violent incident. They were referred to Oasis youth workers for a mentoring/youth work intervention. Lifestyle and symptom scales were used to assess risk profile. Hospital staff questionnaires determined service awareness in the first six months, and interviews/focus group identified potential barriers to service uptake.FindingsBy 12 months, the service was operating smoothly. Of the first 505 YP attending ED, a third were referred, a third ineligible and a third non‐contactable/refused. Detailed analysis of the first 30 attending found most were male (87 per cent), equal White or Black ethnicity (40 per cent) with 20 per cent “Other” ethnicities, with only a third living with both biological parents. This was similar to the full population attending. Nearly half (49 per cent) had been assaulted, 30 per cent had injuries self‐generated through poor anger management, the remainder injured in fighting. Over half (57 per cent) had disorder, mostly behavioural, correlated with lifestyle risk scores. Barriers to service use/implementation included YP mistrust and fear of reprisals, problems with service visibility in the busy hospital environment and ineffective staff communication with YP, all countered during the running of the service. Gauging outcome at follow‐up is the second evaluation stage.Originality/valueThe youth violence project is an important initiative for intervention in youth violence.
An innovative form of credit enhancement for securitized reverse mortgages
Authors: Ortiz Carlos E. , Stone Charles A. , Zissu Anne 
Published: July 2013

PurposeOne of the main risks to investors in securitized reverse mortgages is that the value of the reverse mortgage exceeds that of the property. The purpose of this paper is to develop a model that determines paths of constant cross‐over points across any pairs of interest and inflation rate.Design/methodology/approachTo study the behavior of hyper‐surfaces, multivariate calculus was used.FindingsKnowing that the value of a reverse mortgage increases above that of the property value once it goes beyond the cross‐over point t*, it is possible to construct a pool of reverse mortgages, such that for any pairs of inflation rate and interest rate (x, r), these reverse mortgages move along lines of constant cross‐over points t*.Originality/valueThe paper develops a model that determines paths of constant cross‐over points across any pairs of interest and inflation rate, which can be used when structuring pools of reverse mortgage‐backed securities, to credit‐enhance investors.
Healthcare quality costs based on an ISO 9000 model
Authors: Sedevich‐Fons Leonardo 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to put forward a quality cost management model for healthcare organizations, which is based on the quality management systems proposed in ISO 9000 international standards.Design/methodology/approachThe model suggested here arose from the individual study of quality in healthcare, quality management systems and quality cost theories; and the analysis of problems emerging when these tools are combined in practice.FindingsThe traditional quality cost model, usually implemented in manufacturing companies, can also be applied to healthcare organizations that manage their processes according to ISO 9000 quality management systems.Research limitations/implicationsThis document is a general description of the model proposed and, therefore, just presents overall guidelines to managing quality costs in healthcare organizations.Originality/valueSince most healthcare organizations are still stuck in the quality assurance stage, there has been little research conducted on quality cost specifically focused on this industry.
Deming's systems thinking and quality of healthcare services: a case study
Authors: Gerst Robert M. 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the large negative impact command and control thinking has had on the Alberta provincial healthcare system. The assumptions of this thinking and devastating consequences for health services delivery in Alberta and across Canada, are contrasted with Deming's system thinking.Design/methodology/approachThe author has been following and writing about the use of the command and control management model in Alberta healthcare for 20 years, treating its expanding use in the system as an experiment in the effectiveness of this model in improving system performance.FindingsThe assumptions of command and control thinking combined with a limited enumerative, as opposed to analytic understanding of the system, has largely manufactured the present crisis. Equally important, systemic issues continue to worsen the system until the command and control model will get replaced.Originality/valueThere is a comparison of two distinct models of management, management style, and the linking of Deming's enumerative and analytic studies to these models. An analysis of healthcare system evolution over two decades is detailed on how the command and control model of professional management has failed and why.
Nutrition during sexual maturation affects competitive ability but not reproductive productivity in burying beetles
Authors: Hopwood Paul E. , Moore Allen J. , Royle Nick J. 
Published: July 2013

SummaryFood availability can be unpredictable. When food becomes more abundant following a period of low food availability, developing larvae or juveniles often allocate resources preferentially towards increasing growth. This has important long‐term effects on adult phenotypes and longevity. Despite the importance of strategic resource allocation during early development, few studies have examined how changes in resource availability during other windows of development affect reproductive strategies and fitness independent of growth.We manipulated food availability in a burying beetle,Nicrophorus vespilloides, during a subadult period of sexual maturation when individuals cannot increase structural size but are still undergoing reproductive maturation.In contrast to the trade‐offs during larval or juvenile growth, beetles that experienced delayed feeding during reproductive maturation allocated resources preferentially towards maintaining both reproductive function and longevity.In both sexes, delayed feeding beetles were much less successful in competition for carcasses. However, delayed feeding males and females provided similar amounts of parental care and did not differ in reproductive success or longevity.These results indicate that the nutritional environment experienced during a key developmental window may be an important determinant of the expression of alternative reproductive strategies in adulthood, independent of body size.
Metabolic and regulatory rearrangements underlying glycerol metabolism in Pseudomonas putida KT2440
Authors: Nikel Pablo I. , Kim Juhyun , de Lorenzo Víctor 
Published: July 2013

SummaryWhile the natural niches of the soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida are unlikely to include significant amounts of free glycerol as a growth substrate, this bacterium is genetically equipped with the functions required for its metabolism. We have resorted to deep sequencing of the transcripts in glycerol‐grown P. putida KT2440 cells to gain an insight into the biochemical and regulatory components involved in the shift between customary C sources (e.g. glucose or succinate) to the polyol. Transcriptomic results were contrasted with key enzymatic activities under the same culture conditions. Cognate expression profiles revealed that genes encoding enzymes of the Entner–Doudoroff route and other catabolic pathways, e.g. the gluconate and 2‐ketogluconate loops, were significantly downregulated on glycerol. Yet, the compound simultaneously elicited a gluconeogenic response that indicated an efficient channelling of C skeletons back to biomass build‐up through the glyoxylate shunt rather than energization of the cells through downwards pathways, i.e. tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. The simultaneous glycolytic and gluconeogenic metabolic regimes on glycerol, paradoxical as they seem, make sense from an ecological point of view by favouring prevalence versus exploration. This metabolic situation was accompanied by a considerably low expression of stress markers as compared with other C sources.
Cloning, expression and chitin‐binding activity of two peritrophin‐like protein genes in the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura
Authors: Chen Wei‐Jun , Huang Li‐Xia , Hu Dan , Liu Li‐Yan , Gu Jun , Huang Li‐Hua , Feng Qi‐Li 
Published: July 2013

AbstractInsect midgut secretes a semi‐permeable peritrophic membrane (PM), which plays important roles in protecting the midgut and helping with food digestion. The lepidopteran larvae produce type 1 PM, which is degraded when insects develop into the metamorphic stages. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. In the present study, two peritrophin‐like proteins (peritrophin‐57 and 37) were identified from the midgut expression sequence tag library and transcriptome of the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura. The temporal and spatial expression patterns and responses to the induction of 20‐hydroxyecdysone (20E) and starvation were examined by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction according to their common sequence region. The chitin‐binding activity was also studied using a competitor, calcofluor. The open reading frames are 1 554 and 1 020 bp, respectively. They shared four highly conserved peritrophin‐A domains and were expressed only in the midgut rather than in the other tissues, including fat body, epidermis, Malpighian tube and hemolymph. Their transcriptional expression could only be detected at the larval stages rather than in eggs, prepupae, pupae and adults. The purified protein of peritrophin‐37 bound to chitin in a dose‐dependent manner. These results indicate that the two proteins are peritrophins, the structural components of PM. In addition, the messenger RNA levels of the two peritrophins were significantly down‐regulated by 20E injection, whereas feeding/starvation had no effect on the expression. These findings suggest that the increase of 20E titer may be an important factor which controls the degradation of PM during metamorphosis.
The Villafranchian carnivoran guild of Greece: implications for the fauna, biochronology and paleoecology
Authors: KOUFOS George D. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractKnowledge on the Villafranchian faunas of Greece was limited for a long time, but over the past 3 decades several new fossiliferous sites have been discovered and new material has been unearthed. The carnivores constitute a remarkable part of this material and their study has provided useful information for the taxonomy, chronology and palaeoecology. The Villafranchian carnivoran guild includes numerous taxa belonging to various families. Some of them are interesting as they are differentiated from the other Eurasian families. They cover the entire Villafranchian but the mass is known from the Middle to the Epi‐Villafranchian (EVC). Despite the discontinuous data, they provide useful biochronological results. The coexistence of Pliocrocuta perrieri and Pachycrocuta brevirostris in the locality of Gerakarou 1 is strong evidence for the Middle Villafranchian (MVC)/Late Villafranchian (LVC) boundary. The composition of the Villafranchian carnivores suggests that the canids predominate, while the felids, hyenids and mustelids are well represented; the ursids are represented by a single taxon, the well‐known Ursus etruscus, which seems to be common during the entire Villafranchian. The carnivoran guild structure and the multivariate analysis of the Greek Villafranchian carnivoran assemblages (MVC, LVC and EVC) in comparison with modern assembalges from open and closed environments indicate a relatively open landscape, which is in agreement with previous results for the Villafranchian of Greece. During the EVC there is a faunal renewal that is related to a more open and dry environment, like savannah bushland/grassland.
Environmental controls on the distribution of archaeal lipids in Tibetan hot springs: insight into the application of organic proxies for biogeochemical processes
Authors: Li Fuyan , Zhang Chuanlun L. , Dong Hailiang , Li Wenjun , Williams Amanda 
Published: July 2013

SummaryGlycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) membrane lipids of Archaea respond to gradients in temperature and pH; however, it is unclear how these lipids respond to gradients of other environmental variables. Here, we analysed water chemistry, archaeal lipids and amoA‐ and nirS genes from 37 Tibetan hot springs. Strong correlations between intact polar lipids and their degradation product core lipids indicate that these two pools of lipids are closely related and may be formed in situ in the hot springs. Cluster analysis resulted in three major groups, within each of which the individual samples showed better correlations between ring index or TEX86 (TetraEther Index of tetraethers with 86 carbons) and temperature, pH or geochemical variables (e.g. nitrite, phosphate) in the polar fraction than in the corresponding core fraction. Most of these relationships did not exist when all of the samples were considered as a whole. Abundances of amoA‐ and nirS genes were strongly correlated with some of the intact polar‐ or core lipids. Our results suggest link between specific microbial functions (e.g. ammonia oxidation or nitrite reduction) and the production of individual GDGT lipids and highlights the potential utility of GDGT lipids as proxies for biogeochemical processes.
Cytogenetic abnormalities in acute leukaemia of ambiguous lineage: an overview
Authors: Manola Kalliopi N. 
Published: July 2013

SummaryAcute leukaemia of ambiguous lineage (ALAL) is a rare complex entity with heterogeneous clinical, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic and molecular genetic features and adverse outcome. According to World Health Organization 2008 classification, ALAL encompasses those leukaemias that show no clear evidence of differentiation along a single lineage. The rarity of ALAL and the lack of uniform diagnostic criteria have made it difficult to establish its cytogenetic features, although cytogenetic analysis reveals clonal chromosomal abnormalities in 59–91% of patients. This article focuses on the significance of cytogenetic analysis in ALAL supporting the importance of cytogenetic analysis in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis, follow up and treatment selection of ALAL. It reviews in detail the types of chromosomal aberrations, their molecular background, their correlation with immunophenotype and age distribution and their prognostic relevance. It also summarizes some novel chromosome aberrations that have been observed only once. Furthermore, it highlights the ongoing and future research on ALAL in the field of cytogenetics.
Transcorporal artificial urinary sphincter implantation as a salvage surgical procedure for challenging cases of male stress urinary incontinence: surgical technique and functional outcomes in a contemporary series
Authors: Wiedemann Laura , Cornu Jean‐Nicolas , Haab Emilie , Peyrat Laurence , Beley Sébastien , Cathelineau Xavier , Haab François 
Published: July 2013

Objectives
To describe the surgical technique of transcorporal artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) implantation.
To assess the efficacy of the AUS on continence and erectile function.
Patients and Methods
A prospective evaluation was conducted between December 2007 and October 2012 at a tertiary referral centre of all male patients treated by transcorporal AUS (AMS800™, AmericanMedicalSystems, Minnetonka, MN, USA) implantation for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) recurrence, after failure of previous anti‐incontinence surgery.
Functional urinary outcomes were assessed according to daily pad use, the Urinary Symptom Profile questionnaire, and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire – Short‐Form. Erectile function was evaluated using the five‐item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF‐5) questionnaire and patient satisfaction was assessed by Patient Global Impression of Improvement questionnaire. Data were collected by telephone interview.
Results
A total of 23 patients were included. Their mean (sd; range) age was 70 (7; 60–85) years. Of these, 18 patients had urethral atrophy and/or erosion after placement of AUS (11 patients), male sling (four patients) or both (three patients), and five patients had severe urethral atrophy after pelvic radiation therapy.
The implantation of the AUS with transcorporal cuff placement was successful in all patients, with no peri‐operative complications.
Follow‐up data over 1 year were available for 17 patients. After a median (sd; range) follow‐up of 20 (15; 2–59) months, eight patients were perfectly dry (no pad use and no symptoms), five achieved social continence (less than one pad/day), and four still had SUI (required two or more pads/day). Among six patients who had good preoperative erectile function and were sexually active, four had no decrease in their IIEF‐5 score.
Conclusions
Transcorporal AUS cuff placement is a useful alternative for challenging cases of male SUI after failure of previous surgical treatment, urethral atrophy or erosion.
Erectile function can be maintained despite dissection of the corporal body.
Muckle–Wells syndrome without mutation in exon 3 of the NLRP3 gene, identified by evidence of excessive monocyte production of functional interleukin 1β and rapid response to anakinra
Authors: Sabroe R. A. , Stokes C. A. , Parker L. C. , Higgins K. , Prince L. R. , Sabroe I. 
Published: July 2013

Summary
We report a man with lifelong urticaria, night sweats, arthralgia and lethargy. He had high levels of inflammatory markers and serum amyloid A, but no identifiable mutation in exon 3 of the NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain-1 containing 3) gene, and no relevant family history. We found marked production of functional interleukin (IL)-1 by the patient's monocytes at baseline and after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide. The patient made an immediate response to treatment with an IL-1β receptor antagonist. We propose that this patient has Muckle–Wells syndrome without deafness, occurring de novo. Functional screening for IL-1 production could aid diagnosis in future similar cases.
Lupus erythematosus. Part I: epidemiology, genetics and immunology
Authors: Kunz Manfred 
Published: July 2013

SummaryLupus erythematosus (LE) is an important dermatologic autoimmune disease and in many aspects, including epidemiology, genetics, immunology, diagnostics and treatment, may be regarded as model for many other autoimmune diseases. Constant efforts in the past years have unraveled important new aspects of LE pathogenesis. Among these are the genetic associations with immunoregulatory signaling pathways such as TNF‐, NF‐κB‐, IL23/IL17‐ and interferon pathway as well as new insights into the relevance of the innate immune system. Here Toll‐like receptors and neutrophils play a central role. The knowledge about immune and autoimmune interactions in LE pathogenesis and the contributing cell types is steadily increasing and has led to new therapeutic approaches using antibodies directed against the B‐cell activating factor BLyS. In the first part of this review article, the current knowledge about epidemiology, genetics and immunology is summarized. A second article will deal with diagnostics, clinical picture and different treatment modalities.
Effect of catchment characteristics on aquatic carbon export from a boreal catchment and its importance in regional carbon cycling
Authors: Huotari Jussi , Nykänen Hannu , Forsius Martin , Arvola Lauri 
Published: July 2013

AbstractInland waters transport and emit into the atmosphere large amounts of carbon (C), which originates from terrestrial ecosystems. The effect of land cover and land‐use practises on C export from terrestrial ecosystems to inland waters is not fully understood, especially in heterogeneous landscapes under human influence. We sampled for dissolved C species in five tributaries with well‐determined subcatchments (total size 174.5 km2), as well as in various points of two of the subcatchments draining to a boreal lake in southern Finland over a full year. Our aim was to find out how land cover and land‐use affect C export from the catchments, as well as CH4 and CO2 concentrations of the streams, and if the origin of C in stream water can be determined from proxies for quality of dissolved organic matter (DOM). We further estimated the gas evasion from stream surfaces and the role of aquatic fluxes in regional C cycling. The export rate of C from the terrestrial system through an aquatic conduit was 19.3 g C m−2(catchment) yr−1, which corresponds to 19% of the estimated terrestrial net ecosystem exchange of the catchment. Most of the C load to the recipient lake consisted of dissolved organic carbon (DOC, 6.1 ± 1.0 g C m−2 yr−1); the share of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) was much smaller (1.0 ± 0.2 g C m−2 yr−1). CO2 and CH4 emissions from stream and ditch surfaces were 7.0 ± 2.4 g C m−2 yr−1 and 0.1 ± 0.04 g C m−2 yr−1, respectively, C emissions being thus equal with C load to the lake. The proportion of peatland in the catchment and the drainage density of peatland increased DOC in streams, whereas the proportion of agricultural land in the catchment decreased it. The opposite was true for DIC. Drained peatlands were an important CH4 source for streams.