bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Interleukin 6 Before and After Therapy with Tocilizumab Is a Principal Biomarker in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Shimamoto Keiko , Ito Tomoki , Ozaki Yoshio , Amuro Hideki , Tanaka Akihiro , Nishizawa Tohru , Son Yonsu , Inaba Muneo , Nomura Shosaku 
Published: May 2013

Objective.Biologic treatments including the humanized anti-interleukin 6 (anti-IL-6) receptor antibody tocilizumab (TCZ) provide therapeutic options for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated useful biomarkers to predict the responsiveness to TCZ by measurement of serum proinflammatory cytokine concentrations.Methods.Serum samples were collected from 61 patients with RA before biologic treatment and at 4 weeks after initial administration of either TCZ (n = 32) or infliximab (IFX; n = 29) and from 13 healthy serum donor controls. Disease Activity Score of 28 joints (DAS28) was determined at baseline and after treatment.Results.Although IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-17F, interferon-α, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were all increased in sera from patients with RA compared with controls, only the IL-6 level was significantly correlated with DAS28 before treatment. The IL-6 level before treatment was positively correlated with DAS28 after TCZ treatment, and was significantly lower in TCZ-responsive patients (as judged by a post-treatment DAS28 < 3.2) than in TCZ-resistant patients (post-treatment DAS28 ≥ 3.2). DAS28 after TCZ was significantly lower than after administration of IFX in patients with low pretreatment IL-6 (< 51.5 pg/ml, the mean baseline value of IL-6 in all RA patients), but not in those with high pretreatment IL-6. These results indicate that low serum IL-6 is associated with a favorable response to TCZ.Conclusion.Although both TNF-α and IL-6 are major targets of therapeutic intervention in RA, baseline serum IL-6 but not baseline TNF-α level is a potential biomarker reflecting disease activity. Measurement of serum IL-6 in RA before treatment may be useful to estimate residual disease activity after TCZ treatment and to predict responsiveness to TCZ treatment.
Passer à l'acte ou agir son corps ?
Authors: Gross Marine 
Published: May 2013

L’adolescence se caractérise par la prévalence de l’agir comme mode d’expression privilégié. Cet article se propose de re-situer le passage à l’acte dans une dynamique singulière dont le sens ne pourrait se réduire à une unique modalité défensive. Nous évoquerons ici les passages à l’acte ne relevant pas de troubles graves ou étant l’indice d’une évolution psychopathologique, mais ceux s’inscrivant dans une crise d’adolescence « normale » n’entravant pas le devenir adulte. Ainsi nous envisagerons le passage à l’acte comme une expérimentation corporelle possible, ouvrant l’accès à un processus d’introjection structurant et maturant permettant que se rejoue, se redéfinisse et se ré-élabore les nouvelles limites du Moi.
La mise en chiffres de soi
Authors: Pharabod Anne-Sylvie , Nikolski Véra , Granjon Fabien 
Published: May 2013

Marginales et intimes, les pratiques de quantifications personnelles - mesures de poids, d’exercices physiques, de temps de sommeil, etc. - sont aujourd’hui promues par le développement d’outils, allant de discrets capteurs aux sites de partage de données personnelles en ligne. L’enquête qualitative auprès de personnes effectuant régulièrement de telles quantifications, avec ou sans outils sophistiqués, met en évidence trois manières principales de faire chiffre de soi : la surveillance d’un paramètre à risque, la routinisation d’une pratique jugée souhaitable et la performance à atteindre un objectif défini. Interrogeant l’efficacité de telles notations à guider en retour l’action, l’analyse montre notamment que la réflexivité chiffrée, plutôt qu’une prise de recul pour mieux se connaître, focalise l’attention sur un aspect partiel de soi et inscrit l’individu dans une série orientée, une trajectoire. Elle discute enfin la place des valeurs de référence (records, moyennes, seuils...) dans ces pratiques personnelles, une place qui apparaît d’autant plus importante avec l’usage d’outils standardisés et le partage des données en ligne.
« Le tout est toujours plus petit que ses parties »
Authors: Latour Bruno , Jensen Pablo , Venturini Tommaso , Grauwin Sebastian , Boullier Dominique 
Published: May 2013

Cet article vise à démonter que la disponibilité récente de données numériques permet de revisiter la théorie sociale de Gabriel Tarde (1843-1904) qui se passe totalement de notions telles que l’individu ou la société. Notre analyse repose sur l’idée que, tant qu’il était impossible, difficile ou simplement fastidieux d’amasser et de consulter des quantités d’informations liées à des sujets précis, il était logique de traiter les données relatives aux liens sociaux en définissant deux niveaux : un pour l’élément individuel, l’autre pour l’agrégat collectif. Mais dès que l’on suit les individus par le biais de leurs relations (ce que l’on fait généralement dans le cas des profils) il serait plus avantageux de naviguer à travers les fichiers de données sans distinguer le niveau de l’élément individuel de celui de la structure collective. On peut alors accorder une certaine crédibilité à l’étrange notion de « monades » de Tarde. Nous affirmons que c’est justement ce mode de navigation, rendu possible par l’accès aux bases de données numériques, qui permet de modifier la théorie sociologique. Au sens strict du terme, nous ne devrions plus parler de phénomènes collectifs par opposition à des phénomènes individuels, mais seulement d’autant de façons différentes de collecter des phénomènes.
La naissance du duc de Bordeaux, ou la Restauration s'attendrit
Authors: Counter Andrew J. 
Published: May 2013

L’article propose une lecture synoptique des odes commémoratives parues dans la presse monarchiste à l’occasion de la naissance et du baptême du duc de Bordeaux, en novembre 1820 et mai 1821. Il met au jour les tropes exploités par les auteurs monarchistes, les concepts politiques (avenir, espérance) qu’ils développent et les goûts littéraires qu’ils cherchent à flatter pour faire mieux accueillir leur message. Le sentimentalisme des odes, emprunté à la littérature du mal du siècle et qui s’attache tant à l’enfant qu’à sa jeune mère veuve, se révèle comme une tentative de conquête politique par la tendresse, tentative qui vise en particulier les classes moyennes dont l’idéologie domestique trouve son écho dans les scènes d’intimité familiale fantasmées dans les odes de circonstance. Mélange de tendresse et d’espoir, le discours des odes de circonstance laisse entrevoir une facette peu explorée de la Restauration.
SWAP-70 Restricts Spontaneous Maturation of Dendritic Cells
Authors: Ocaña-Morgner Carlos , Götz Anne , Wahren Christine , Jessberger Rolf 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Spontaneous maturation observed in dendritic cell (DC) cultures has been linked to their capacity to induce immune responses. Despite several recent studies, the mechanisms and signals triggering spontaneous maturation of DCs are largely unknown. We found that the absence of SWAP-70 causes spontaneous maturation of spleen- and bone marrow–derived DCs and, in vivo, of spleen-resident CD11c+CD11b+CD8α− DCs. Activation markers, cross-presentation of exogenous Ags, and activation of CD8+ T cells are much increased in Swap-70−/− DCs. Spontaneous maturation of Swap-70−/− DCs depends on cell–cell contact and does not involve β-catenin signaling. SWAP-70 is known to regulate integrin activity. Signaling through the integrin CD11b (αM) subunit increases spontaneous maturation of wild-type (wt), but not of Swap-70−/− DCs. Signaling through the CD18 (β2) subunit decreases spontaneous maturation of wt and Swap-70−/− DCs. Constitutive activation of RhoA in Swap-70−/− DCs was determined as a key mechanism causing the increased spontaneous maturation. Inhibition of RhoA early, but not late, in the activation process reduces spontaneous maturation in Swap-70−/− DCs to wt levels. Inhibition of RhoA activation during CD11b integrin activation had a significant effect only in Swap-70−/− but not in wt DCs. Together, our data suggest that integrin-mediated spontaneous maturation of wt DCs does not depend on active RhoA, whereas the increase in spontaneous maturation of Swap-70−/− DCs is supported by integrin CD11b and by hyperactive RhoA. Thus, SWAP-70 deficiency reveals two pathways that contribute to spontaneous maturation of DCs.
Mast Cell–deficient KitW-sh “Sash” Mutant Mice Display Aberrant Myelopoiesis Leading to the Accumulation of Splenocytes That Act as Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells
Authors: Michel Anastasija , Schüler Andrea , Friedrich Pamela , Döner Fatma , Bopp Tobias , Radsak Markus , Hoffmann Markus , Relle Manfred , Distler Ute , Kuharev Jörg , Tenzer Stefan , Feyerabend Thorsten B. , Rodewald Hans-Reimer , Schild Hansjörg , Schmitt Edgar , Becker Marc , Stassen Michael 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Mast cell-deficient KitW-sh “sash” mice are widely used to investigate mast cell functions. However, mutations of c-Kit also affect additional cells of hematopoietic and nonimmune origin. In this study, we demonstrate that KitW-sh causes aberrant extramedullary myelopoiesis characterized by the expansion of immature lineage-negative cells, common myeloid progenitors, and granulocyte/macrophage progenitors in the spleen. A consistent feature shared by these cell types is the reduced expression of c-Kit. Populations expressing intermediate and high levels of Ly6G, a component of the myeloid differentiation Ag Gr-1, are also highly expanded in the spleen of sash mice. These cells are able to suppress T cell responses in vitro and phenotypically and functionally resemble myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). MDSC typically accumulate in tumor-bearing hosts and are able to dampen immune responses. Consequently, transfer of MDSC from naive sash mice into line 1 alveolar cell carcinoma tumor-bearing wild-type littermates leads to enhanced tumor progression. However, although it can also be observed in sash mice, accelerated growth of transplanted line 1 alveolar cell carcinoma tumors is a mast cell–independent phenomenon. Thus, the KitW-sh mutation broadly affects key steps in myelopoiesis that may have an impact on mast cell research.
Different GATA Factors Dictate CCR3 Transcription in Allergic Inflammatory Cells in a Cell Type–Specific Manner
Authors: Kong Su-Kang , Kim Byung Soo , Uhm Tae Gi , Lee Wonyong , Lee Gap Ryol , Park Choon-Sik , Lee Chul-Hoon , Chung Il Yup 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The chemokine receptor CCR3 is expressed in prominent allergic inflammatory cells, including eosinophils, mast cells, and Th2 cells. We previously identified a functional GATA element within exon 1 of the CCR3 gene that is responsible for GATA-1–mediated CCR3 transcription. Because allergic inflammatory cells exhibit distinct expression patterns of different GATA factors, we investigated whether different GATA factors dictate CCR3 transcription in a cell type–specific manner. GATA-2 was expressed in EoL-1 eosinophilic cells, GATA-1 and GATA-2 were expressed in HMC-1 mast cells, and GATA-3 was preferentially expressed in Jurkat cells. Unlike a wild-type CCR3 reporter, reporters lacking the functional GATA element were not active in any of the three cell types, implying the involvement of different GATA factors in CCR3 transcription. RNA interference assays showed that small interfering RNAs specific for different GATA factors reduced CCR3 reporter activity in a cell type–specific fashion. Consistent with these findings, chromatin immunoprecipitation and EMSA analyses demonstrated cell type–specific binding of GATA factors to the functional GATA site. More importantly, specific inhibition of the CCR3 reporter activity by different GATA small interfering RNAs was well preserved in respective cell types differentiated from cord blood; in particular, GATA-3 was entirely responsible for reporter activity in Th2 cells and replaced the role predominantly played by GATA-1 and GATA-2. These results highlight a mechanistic role of GATA factors in which cell type–specific expression is the primary determinant of transcription of the CCR3 gene in major allergic inflammatory cells.
Hierarchy of CD4 T Cell Epitopes of the ANRS Lipo5 Synthetic Vaccine Relies on the Frequencies of Pre-Existing Peptide-Specific T Cells in Healthy Donors
Authors: Castelli Florence Anne , Szely Natacha , Olivain Alexis , Casartelli Nicoletta , Grygar Caroline , Schneider Aurélie , Besse Aurore , Levy Yves , Schwartz Olivier , Maillère Bernard 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The Agence National de Recherche sur le SIDA et les hepatitis Lipo5 vaccine is composed by five long fragments of HIV proteins and was recently shown to induce in seronegative volunteers a CD4 T cell response largely dominated by the G2 fragment. To understand this response profile, we submitted the five HIV fragments to HLA-DR–binding assays and evaluated the frequency of naive Lipo5-specific CD4 T lymphocytes in the blood of 22 healthy individuals. We enumerated the Lipo5-specific T cell lines induced in vitro by weekly rounds of specific stimulation. Four peptides and hence not only G2 exhibited a broad specificity for HLA-DR molecules. In contrast, most of the T cell lines specific for Lipo5 reacted with G2, revealing a G2-specific T cell repertoire superior to 2 cells per million, whereas it is close to 0.4 for the other peptides. We also found good cross-reactivity of all the peptides with clade B and C variants and that G2 and P1 are able to recruit T cells that recognize HIV-infected cells. We therefore mainly observed very good concordance between the frequency to individual Lipo5 peptides among vaccinees in a large-scale vaccine trial and the distribution of peptide specificity of the in vitro induced T cell lines. These findings underline the role of the size of the epitope-specific naive repertoire in shaping the CD4 T cell response after vaccination and highlight the value of evaluating the naive repertoire to predict vaccine immunogenicity.
Pituitary Surgery and Anesthetic Management: An Update
Authors: Saini Vikas , Malhotra Surender K , Sharma Kiran 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT
Out of all the brain tumors, 10% are pituitary tumors. Surgical interventions in this field have advanced and so have techniques of anesthesia and intensive care. Presenting features of the patients with pituitary tumors are often due to excessive or decreased secretion of hormones. Most commonly performed procedure is transsphenoidal pituitary surgery which requires skillful anesthetic technique as a number of associated comorbidities may exist. For a positive surgical result, a team consisting of endocrine surgeon, endocrinologist, neurosurgeon and anesthesiologist is a must. An emphasis is required on preoperative evaluation of airway, endocrinal and neurological status. The understanding of pathophysiology, perioperative anesthetic management, awareness of likely complications and postoperative care, results in successful outcome.

How to cite this article
Malhotra SK, Sharma K, Saini V. Pituitary Surgery and Anesthetic Management: An Update. World J Endoc Surg 2013;5(1):1-5.
Thyroid Surgery and Anticoagulation: Survey of Practice of Endocrine Surgeons in Australia
Authors: Verma Kunal Pradip , Miller Julie Ann 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT
Few studies specifically address management of venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis and bridging anticoagulation therapy in patients undergoing thyroid surgery. A survey about perioperative management of thromboprophylaxis was sent to Australian Endocrine Surgeons. Responses were tabulated and graphed; a p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Survey responses showed a large broad spectrum of practice regarding thromboprophylaxis, bridging therapy and cessation of anticoagulant medication. While anticoagulant prophylaxis in thyroid surgery appears to be relatively safe, there is a theoretical risk of catastrophic bleeding complications; according to this survey of Australian Endocrine Surgeons, thromboembolic events are uncommon complications of thyroid surgery.

How to cite this article
Verma KP, Gorelik A, Miller JA. Thyroid Surgery and Anticoagulation: Survey of Practice of Endocrine Surgeons in Australia. World J Endoc Surg 2013;5(1):6-11.
Carotid Artery Encasement by Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Paul MJ , Abraham Deepak T 
Published: May 2013

How to cite this articleMayilvaganan S, Ramakant P, Abraham DT, Paul MJ. Carotid Artery Encasement by Thyroid Carcinoma. World J Endoc Surg 2013;5(1):31-32.
Clinical and Biochemical Outcomes of High-Risk Prostate Cancer Patients treated with Third Generation Prostate Cryosurgery
Authors: Sven Wenske  , Philippa  Cheetham  , Aaron E. Katz  
Published: May 2013

Objectives:To report on outcomes after modern-day primary prostate cryosurgery (CS) in D Amico high-risk (PSA >20 ng/ml, Gleason score ¢€°¥8, or tumor stage T2c or T3) localised prostate cancer (PCa) patients treated at a large academic center.
Materials and Methods:730 consecutive cases of total gland prostate CS were reviewed, and 80 men with high-risk disease identified. Clinical data was analyzed, with primary and secondary endpoints being overall survival, cancer-specific survival, biochemical recurrence (BCR), and clinical progression.
Results:Median age was 75.8 (55.4-88.1) years, median presenting PSA 20.0 (2.6-236.5) ng/ml, and median Gleason score 8 (6-10). Median follow-up was 49.6 (8.9-159.3) months. There were three PCa related deaths (4%); 34 (43%) and 39 (49%) men had BCR as defined by the Phoenix- and Stuttgart-criteria, respectively; 24 of the 39 (64%) men were re-biopsied. 13 of 80 (16%) had biopsy proven recurrent PCa. Nine (11%) subsequently underwent salvage CS. Six of the 39 (15%) men with BCR had metastatic disease on bone scan; 19 of 34 (49%) men with BCR received anti-androgen therapy, 18 (95%) of whom had also received neoadjuvant hormonal therapy.
Conclusions:Prostate CS is a controversial treatment for high-risk patients, and our early experience revealed low cancer-specific mortality and morbidity, with encouraging biochemical and local control rates for these high-risk patients. In our series the incidence of metastases was less than that reported by Bolla et al. post-EBRT and hormones, and we therefore believe that prostate CS be strongly considered for these high-risk patients, and mandate that further study of CS for high-risk disease is warranted.
Immunohistochemical Profile and Clinical-Pathological Variants of Breast Cancer in Northeastern Mexico
Authors: Jose Manuel Ornelas-Aguirre  , Laura Maria de la Asunción Perez-Michel  
Published: May 2013

Background: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous illness, with subtypes of varying etiology. Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR) and HER2/neu (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2) expressions have been identified as predicting factors.
Objective: To demonstrate the possible association of the five immunohistochemical (IHC) expression profiles with clinical and histopathological variables of breast cancer in northeastern Mexico.
Methodology: In 522 women with breast carcinoma, five IHC profiles were defined [Luminal A, Luminal B, Mixed, HER2/neu and Triple-negative (TN)]. An analysis was done to determine if there were differences between them in relation to the clinical and histopathological variables.
Results: The distribution of the histological subtypes was: luminal A (32.97%), TN (27.53%), HER2/neu (19.02%), mixed (13.41%) and luminal B (7.07%). The average age at diagnosis was 53.07 ± 12.08 years, in 90.5% of the patients the size of the tumor was ≥ 2.0 cm, and 40.94% had lymph node involvement. Luminal A subtype had the highest percentage in the postmenopausal state (63.7%, p=0.071). Illness recurred in 21.01% of the patients (n=116), principally with the TN subtype (28.3%, p=0.012).
Conclusions: This study detected the characterization of IHC subgroups in patients treated for breast cancer at a reference center for cancer treatment in northeastern Mexico.
A Water‐Soluble Mechanochromic Luminescent Pyrene Derivative Exhibiting Recovery of the Initial Photoluminescence Color in a High‐Humidity Environment
Authors: Sagara Yoshimitsu , Komatsu Toru , Ueno Tasuku , Hanaoka Kenjiro , Kato Takashi , Nagano Tetsuo 
Published: May 2013

AbstractSwitching of the luminescence properties of molecular materials in response to mechanical stimulation is of fundamental interest and also has a range of potential applications. Herein, a water‐soluble mechanochromic luminescent pyrene derivative having two hydrophilic dendrons is reported. This pyrene derivative is the first example of a mechanochromic luminescent organic compound that responds to relative humidity. Mechanical stimulation (grinding) of this pyrene derivative in the solid state results in a change of the photoluminescence from yellow to green. Subsequent exposure to water vapor induces recovery of the initial yellow photoluminescence. The color change is reversible through at least ten cycles. It is also demonstrated that this compound can be applied as a mechano‐sensing material in frictional wear testing for grease, owing to its immiscibility in non‐polar solvents and its non‐crystalline behavior. Transmission electron microscope and atomic force microscope observations of samples prepared from dilute aqueous solutions of the pyrene derivative on suitable substrates, together with dynamic light scattering measurements for the compound in aqueous solution, indicate that this amphiphilic dumbbell‐shaped molecule forms micelles in water.
Engineered 3D Silk‐Based Metastasis Models: Interactions Between Human Breast Adenocarcinoma, Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Osteoblast‐Like Cells
Authors: Talukdar Sarmistha , Kundu Subhas C. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBone metastasis occurs in 70% of breast cancer patients and is a frequent cause of morbidity in cancer patients. A delicate balance exists in the bone microenvironment, but the functional dynamics underlying the tumor cell‐microenvironment interactions remain poorly understood. 3D in vitro model systems of metastasis can throw new light on this phenomenon. Silk protein fibroin scaffolds, are cytocompatible for 3D cancer cell culture. They are structurally more resistant to protease degradation than other native biomaterials making these matrices suitable for cancer modeling. In this report, human breast adenocarcinoma cells, human osteoblast like cells and mesenchymal stem cells are co‐cultered. Cancer cells and osteoblast‐like cells are found to interact through secreted products. Decreased population of osteoblast‐like cells and mineralization of extracellular matrix are observed as a result of co‐culture. Significantly increased migration of breast cancer cells is observed in the bone‐like constructs than in non‐seeded scaffolds. The co‐culture constructs show significant increase in drug resistance, invasiveness and angiogenicity. Co‐culture of breast cancer cells with osteoblast like cells and mesenchymal stem cells also indicate that the interaction of cancer cells with bone microenvironment varies with spatial organization, presence of osteogenic factors as well as stromal cell type. Here, results show that 3D in vitro co‐culture models is possibly a better system to study and target cancer progression.