bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rational Design, Green Synthesis, and Initial Evaluation of a Series of Full‐Color Tunable Fluorescent Dyes Enabled by the Copper‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation of 6‐Phenyl Pyridazinones and Their Application in Cell Imaging
Authors: Liang Lei , Wang Wei , Wu Jun , Xu Fengrong , Niu Yan , Xu Bo , Xu Ping 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThere is widespread interest in the application, optimization, and evolution of the transition‐metal‐catalyzed arylation of N‐heteroarenes to discover full‐color tunable fluorescent core frameworks. Inspired by the versatile roles of pyridazinone in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry, herein, we report a simple and efficient copper‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction for the N‐functionalization of pyridazinones in neat water. To achieve the efficient conversion of pyridazinones and organic halides in aqueous phase, a series of copper‐salen complexes composed of different Schiff base ligands were investigated by rational design. A final choice of fine‐tuned hydrophilicity balanced with lipophilicity among the candidates was confirmed, which affords excellent activity towards the reaction of a wide range of pyridazinones and organic halides. More importantly, the products as N‐substituted pyridazinones were synthesized rationally by this methodology as full‐color tunable fluorescent agents (426–612 nm). The N2 position of pyridazinones was modified by different aryl group such as benzothiazole, N,N‐dimethylaniline, 3‐quinoline, 4‐isoquinoline and 2‐thiophene, resulting in a series of full‐color tunable fluorescent reagents. Meanwhile, the effects of electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing groups of the 6‐substituted phenyl ring have also been investigated to optimize the fluorescent properties. These fluorescent core frameworks were studied in several cell lines as fluorescent dyes. Different colors from blue to red were observed by using fluorescence microscopy and confocal microscopy.
Aryl Biphenyl‐3‐ylmethylpiperazines as 5‐HT7 Receptor Antagonists
Authors: Kim Jeeyeon , Kim Youngjae , Tae Jinsung , Yeom Miyoung , Moon Bongjin , Huang Xi‐Ping , Roth Bryan L. , Lee Kangho , Rhim Hyewhon , Choo Il Han , Chong Youhoon , Keum Gyochang , Nam Ghilsoo , Choo Hyunah 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe 5‐HT7 receptor (5‐HT7R) is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of depression and neuropathic pain. The 5‐HT7R antagonist SB‐269970 exhibited antidepressant‐like activity, whereas systemic administration of the 5‐HT7R agonist AS‐19 significantly inhibited mechanical hypersensitivity and thermal hyperalgesia. In our efforts to discover selective 5‐HT7R antagonists or agonists, aryl biphenyl‐3‐ylmethylpiperazines were designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated against the 5‐HT7R. Among the synthesized compounds, 1‐([2′‐methoxy‐(1,1′‐biphenyl)‐3‐yl]methyl)‐4‐(2‐methoxyphenyl)piperazine (28) was the best binder to the 5‐HT7R (pKi=7.83), and its antagonistic property was confirmed by functional assays. The selectivity profile of compound 28 was also recorded for the 5‐HT7R over other serotonin receptor subtypes, such as 5‐HT1R, 5‐HT2R, 5‐HT3R, and 5‐HT6R. In a molecular modeling study, the 2‐methoxyphenyl moiety attached to the piperazine ring of compound 28 was proposed to be essential for the antagonistic function.
Priorities and Perceptions for Corporate Social Responsibility: An NGO Perspective
Authors: Skouloudis Antonis , Evangelinos Konstantinos , Malesios Chrisovaladis 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is closely intertwined with increased engagement with stakeholders and integration of their concerns into core business processes. In this respect, stakeholders’ viewpoint of CSR is deemed to be essential in shaping pertinent policies, plans and programs. However, current literature indicates an emphasis on the managerialist perspective whereas insights of non‐business social constituents are considerably underrepresented. This is where this paper seeks to contribute by attempting to examine the non‐governmental organizations’ perceptions of socially responsible business conduct. Findings suggest that NGOs perceptions reflect two dominant views, a progressive viewpoint where socially responsible behavior offers win‐win opportunities and a narrow perspective where wider responsibility is an unfruitful business practice. Nevertheless, different types of NGOs attributed similar importance on a number of socially responsible practices. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Brennpunkt Wohnungspolitik – Positionen zur Wahl
Authors: Becker Marcus 
Published: September 2013

AbstractSeit Monaten wird in Deutschland wieder über Wohnungsnot und teilweise deutliche Mietpreissteigerungen in Ballungsgebieten debattiert. Gleichzeitig sind die Preise für Wohnimmobilien – vor allem Mietwohnungen – nach einer langen Durststrecke wieder im Aufwind.Der Wohnungsneubau ist nach langen Jahren der Krise wieder in Gang gekommen. Diese auf den ersten Blick positive Entwicklung darf allerdings nicht darüber hinweg täuschen, dass wir von einem bedarfsdeckenden Fertigstellungsniveau von jährlich mindestens 250.000 neuen Wohnungen (Wohnungen in Einfamilien‐, Zweifamilien‐, Mehrfamilienhäusern) nach wie vor weit entfernt sind.
Bauen in Zeiten der Energiewende
Authors: Hegner Hans‐Dieter 
Published: September 2013

AbstractDie Energiewende in Deutschland ist besonders geprägt durch die Maßnahmen im Gebäudebereich. Die Bundesregierung setzt dabei auf die Fortentwicklung der ordnungsrechtlichen Instrumente, wie der Energieeinsparverordnung (EnEV), finanzielle Anreize zur Sicherung zukunftsfähiger energetischer Standards und die Entwicklung von Effizienzhäusern Plus. Die Novelle der EnEV setzt insbesondere die überarbeitete EU‐Richtlinie über die Gesamtenergieeffizienz von Gebäuden um. Für den Neubau verschärft die Novelle der EnEV die Anforderungen in zwei Schritten bis 2016 um 25 %. Für den Bestand sind keine Verschärfungen vorgesehen. Das Effizienzhaus‐Programm der Bundesregierung wird derzeit im Rahmen der Forschung um das “Effizienzhaus Plus“ erweitert. Diese Gebäude können mehr Energie erzeugen als sie unter voller Nutzung verbrauchen. Der Energieüberschuss soll unter anderem für den Ausbau der Elektromobilität oder für die Quartiersversorgung zur Verfügung stehen. Erste Modellprojekte zeigen, dass dieses Konzept in der Praxis funktioniert.Building at a time when Germany is transforming its energy system. A Germany’s new energy strategy is characterized mainly by actions in the buildings sector. The Federal Government’s efforts are focused on evolving regulatory instruments such as the Energy Conservation Regulations (EnEV), on creating financial incentives to guarantee sustainable energy efficiency standards and on developing “efficiency houses plus”. The amendment to the EnEV is in particular the implementation of the recast EC Energy Perfor‐mance of Buildings Directive. It tightens energy efficiency requirements for new buildings in two steps so that by 2016 their energy efficiency is improved by 25 %. It does not provide for stricter requirements for the existing building stock. As part of research, the “efficiency house plus” is currently added to the Federal Government’s efficiency house programme. These buildings are capable of producing more energy than they consume when used at full capac‐ity. The surplus energy is to be used, among other things, to improve electric mobility or to supply a neighbourhood. The first pilot projects have already shown that this strategy works in practice.
Mauerwerkskonstruktionen 2020 aus Sicht der Bauphysik
Authors: Vogdt Frank U. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractDem Klimawandel kann mit zwei Strategien begegnet werden: der Vermeidung des Klimawandels und der Anpassung an den Klimawandel. Aus diesen Strategien, die nicht als “Entweder‐oder‐Szenario“ sondern als “Sowohl‐als‐auch‐Szenario“ zu verstehen sind, leiten sich insbesondere Anforderungen an den Wärmeschutz und die Widerstandsfähigkeit gegenüber Extremwetterereignissen ab.Das Ergebnis des Artikels ist, dass Mauerwerksbauten in besonderem Maße geeignet sind, beide Strategien zu erfüllen: einen Beitrag zur Reduzierung der Umweltwirkungen sowie zur Ressourcenschonung zu vertretbaren Kosten zu leisten und gleichzeitig ohne wesentlichen ökonomischen oder ökologischen Mehraufwand eine Vorsorge durch klimawandelgerechte Konstruktionen zu bieten. Damit erweisen sich Mauerwerkskonstruktionen aus Sicht der Bauphysik auch über 2020 hinausgehend als zukunftsfähig.Masonry structures in 2020 from the perspective of building physics. The climate change can be met by two strategies: the prevention of the change or the adaption to the change. From these strategies, which are not to be understood as a ‘Either‐or‐scenario’ but as a ‘As‐well‐as‐scenario’, derive particularly requirements for thermal insulation and resistance to extreme weather events.It is the result of this article, that masonry structures are to a particularly high degree suitable to comply with both strategies: To contribute to the reduction of environmental impacts and the conservation of resources at a reasonable cost while providing constructions which measure up to the challenges of climate change without additional economic or environmental expenses. Thereby from the building physics point of view brickwork constructions prove to be fit for the future well beyond the year 2020.
Tragfähigkeit unbewehrter Mauerwerksscheiben nach DIN EN 1996‐1‐1/NA
Authors: Graubner Carl‐Alexander , Schmitt Michael 
Published: September 2013

AbstractDieser Beitrag befasst sich mit der Tragfähigkeit von Aussteifungswänden nach den europäischen normativen Regelungen entsprechend DIN EN 1996‐1‐1/NA [1]. Es wird ein neuartiger Ansatz zur realistischen Modellierung der Schnittgrößenverteilung in Wandscheiben vorgestellt. Weiterhin werden Bemessungsgleichungen in dimensionsloser Darstellung präsentiert, welche die Berechnung und den Vergleich der Tragfähigkeit von Aussteifungsscheiben in einer leicht verständlichen und übersichtlichen Art und Weise ermöglichen. Mit einer umfangreichen Parameterstudie mit üblichen Stein‐Mörtel‐Kombinationen konnten wesentliche Erkenntnisse bezüglich der Relevanz unterschiedlicher Versagensarten gewonnen und daraus Schlussfolgerungen für eine Vereinfachung der in der Praxis notwendigen Nachweise abgeleitet werden.Carrying capacity of unreinforced shear walls according to DIN EN 1996‐1‐1/NA. This paper deals with the carrying capacity of shear walls subjected to in‐plane loading according to the design regulations of European Standard DIN EN 1996‐1‐1 and German national Annex [1]. A new approach to determine the load effects more realistically is described. Furthermore, by using a dimensionless notation a full set of design equations is presented, which allows for the calculation and comparison of the in‐plane resistance of unreinforced masonry walls in an easy and understandable manner. An extensive parameter study with common stone‐mortar‐combinations was carried out in order to identify the distinctive failure modes and to derive significant simplifications in practical design.
The role of prenatal substance exposure and early adversity on parasympathetic functioning from 3 to 6 years of age
Authors: Conradt Elisabeth , Abar Beau , Sheinkopf Stephen , Lester Barry , Lagasse Linda , Seifer Ronald , Shankaran Seetha , Bada‐Ellzey Henrietta , Bauer Charles , Whitaker Toni , Hinckley Matt , Hammond Jane , Higgins Rosemary 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTWe employed latent growth curve analysis to examine trajectories of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) from 3 to 6 years among children with varying levels of prenatal substance exposure and early adversity. Data were drawn from a prospective longitudinal study of prenatal substance exposure that included 1,121 participants. Baseline RSA and RSA reactivity to an attention‐demanding task were assessed at 3, 4, 5, and 6 years. Overall, there were significant individual differences in the trajectories of RSA reactivity, but not baseline RSA, across development. Greater levels of prenatal substance exposure, and less exposure to early adversity, were associated with increased RSA reactivity at 3 years, but by 6 years, both were associated with greater RSA reactivity. Prenatal substance exposure had an indirect influence through early adversity on growth in RSA reactivity. Results are in support of and contribute to the framework of allostatic load. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 9999: 1–15, 2013.
Subventricular zone cytoarchitecture changes in Autism
Authors: Kotagiri Prasanti , Chance Steven A. , Szele Francis G. , Esiri Margaret M. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTAutism is thought to be a neurodevelopmental disorder with symptoms developing during neonatal neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ). Autism associated genes alter SVZ proliferation and cytoarchitecture, yet the response of the human SVZ in autism is unknown. Epilepsy drives neurogenesis in rodents, but it is unclear how epilepsy interacts with autism in SVZ responses. The striatal and septal SVZ derive from separate lineages in rodents and generate different interneuron types. Yet it is unclear if autism unevenly regulates the striatal and septal SVZ. The human SVZ was immunohistochemically examined post‐mortem from individuals with autism (n = 11) and controls (n = 11). Autism showed a lower cell density in the septal, but not striatal, SVZ hypocellular gap only in the absence of epilepsy. There was a decline in septal hypocellular gap cells with age in autism, but no correlation with age in controls. In contrast, PCNA+ cell numbers increased only in autism with epilepsy both in the hypocellular gap and in the ependymal layer on the septal but not striatal side. Ependymal cells also became GFAP immunoreactive in autism irrespective of epilepsy co‐morbidity; however, this only occurred on the striatal side. In examining these questions we also discovered a subset of ependymal, astrocyte ribbon and RMS cells which express PCNA and Ki67, PLP, and α‐tubulin. These results are the first example of a neuropsychiatric disease differentially affecting the septal and striatal SVZ. Altered cell density in the hypocellular gap and proliferation marker expression suggest individuals with autism may follow a different growth‐trajectory. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 74: 25–41, 2014
A Solid‐Solution Approach to Mixed‐Metal Metal–Organic Frameworks – Detailed Characterization of Local Structures, Defects and Breathing Behaviour of Al/V Frameworks
Authors: Kozachuk Olesia , Meilikhov Mikhail , Yusenko Kirill , Schneemann Andreas , Jee Bettina , Kuttatheyil Anusree V. , Bertmer Marko , Sternemann Christian , Pöppl Andreas , Fischer Roland 
Published: September 2013

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Roland Fischer at Ruhr University Bochum. The cover image shows that the structure/properties of materials vary as the complexity of the framework is increased and different metals are combined in single‐phased MOFs.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Acylation of Ketoximes and Aldoximes from the Alcohol Oxidation Level through C–H Bond Activation
Authors: Sharma Satyasheel , Kim Minyoung , Park Jihye , Kim Mirim , Kwak Jong Hwan , Jung Young Hoon , Oh Joa Sub , Lee Youngil , Kim In Su 
Published: September 2013

AbstractA highly efficient palladium‐catalyzed oxidative ortho‐acylation of O‐methyl ketoximes and O‐methyl aldoximes with benzylic and aliphatic alcohols from the alcohol oxidation level is described. This protocol potentially provides new opportunities to use readily available alcohols as starting materials for catalytic reactions, and represents a catalytic alternative to transcend the barriers imposed by classical Friedel–Crafts acylation.
The First Total Synthesis of Synparvolide C
Authors: Sabitha Gowravaram , Sandeep AnkiReddy , Rao Allu Senkara , Yadav Jhillu S. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe first stereoselective total synthesis of synparvolide C has been accomplished. An acid‐catalyzed epoxide ring‐opening reaction and ring‐closing metathesis (RCM) were used for the cyclic ether and δ‐lactone formation, respectively, to furnish the core structure of the target molecule. These reactions along with a succession of functional group manipulations led to the preparation of the natural product. The spectral and analytical data were used to establish the absolute configuration.
Wittig Reagents as Metallocarbene Precursors: In Situ Generated Monocarbonyl Iodonium Ylides
Authors: Ho Phyllis E. , Tao Jason , Murphy Graham K. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractA proof of concept study was undertaken to determine the suitability of monocarbonyl iodonium ylides (MCIYs) as metallocarbene precursors. Exposing Wittig reagents to iodosylbenzene results in a pseudo‐Wittig reaction that generates MCIYs in situ. These ylides are intercepted by transition‐metal catalysts to generate metallocarbenes, which then undergo either dimerization or cyclopropanation reactions with a variety of alkenes. Additionally, the reaction between diazoester‐derived metallocarbenes and Wittig reagents afforded cross‐coupling products, illustrating a new type of olefination reaction for phosphonium ylides.
Chiral N‐Fluorodibenzenesulfonimide Analogues for Enantioselective Electrophilic Fluorination and Oxidative Fluorination
Authors: Zhu Chuan‐Le , Maeno Mayaka , Zhang Fa‐Guang , Shigehiro Taiki , Kagawa Takumi , Kawada Kosuke , Shibata Norio , Ma Jun‐An , Cahard Dominique 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThis work describes the design, synthesis, and application of de novo chiral fluorinating agents as analogues of popular N‐fluorodibenzenesulfonimide (NFSI). The fluorination step by means of elemental fluorine is presented. Enantioselective fluorination is demonstrated in cyclic β‐keto esters and in the synthesis of BMS‐204352 (up to 86 % ee). Oxidative aminofluorination is also examined.
Effects of Different Surfactants on the Kinetics of Ethane‐Hydrate Formation: Experimental and Modeling Studies
Authors: Karimi Reza , Varaminian Farshad , Izadpanah Amir A. , Mohammadi Amir H. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractAn experimental study of the ethane‐hydrate‐formation kinetics has been performed. First, the effects of stirring velocity and initial pressure on the hydrate‐formation rate were investigated. Second, the effects of additives on the ethane‐hydrate‐formation rate were also studied. Three surfactants, namely sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB), and TritonX‐100 (TX‐100) were tested. The results show that DTAB not only does not significantly promote the hydrate‐formation rate at different concentrations, but actually inhibits the ethane‐hydrate‐formation rate, whereas SDBS does increase the hydrate‐formation rate. Furthermore, TX‐100 increases the ethane‐hydrate‐formation rate, but to a lesser degree than SDBS.
Effects of a chronic lower range of triclosan exposure on a stream mesocosm community
Authors: Nietch Christopher T. , Quinlan Erin L. , Lazorchak James M. , Impellitteri Christopher A. , Raikow David , Walters David 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Triclosan (5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol) is an antimicrobial found in consumer soaps and toothpaste. It is in treated wastewater effluents at low parts-per-billion concentrations, representing a potentially chronic exposure condition for biota inhabiting receiving streams. For the present study, a naturally colonized benthos was created using flow-through indoor mesocosms; then, the benthic communities were dosed to achieve different in-stream triclosan concentrations (control, 0.1 µg/L, 0.5 µg/L, 1.0 µg/L, 5.0 µg/L, and 10 µg/L) for 56 d. Water quality parameters and endpoints from bacteria to macroinvertebrates, as well as interacting abiotic components, were measured. Effects of triclosan on specific microbial endpoints were observed at all doses, including an effect on litter decomposition dynamics at doses of 1.0 µg/L and higher. Resistance of periphytic bacteria to triclosan significantly increased at doses of 0.5 µg/L and above. By the end of dosing, the antimicrobial appeared to stimulate the stream periphyton at the 3 lowest doses, while the 2 highest doses exhibited decreased stocks of periphyton, including significantly lower bacteria cell densities and cyanobacteria abundance compared with the control. Other than an effect on benthic ostracods, the changes that occurred in the periphyton did not translate to significant change in the colonizing nematodes, the macroinvertebrate community as a whole, or other measurements of stream function. The results shed light on the role a low, chronic exposure to triclosan may play in effluent-dominated streams. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2874–2887. © 2013 SETAC
Reappraisal of the anatomical landmarks of motor and premotor cortical regions for image‐guided brain navigation in TMS practice
Authors: Ahdab Rechdi , Ayache Samar S. , Farhat Wassim H. , Mylius Veit , Schmidt Sein , Brugières Pierre , Lefaucheur Jean‐Pascal 
Published: September 2013

AbstractImage‐guided navigation systems dedicated to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) have been recently developed and offer the possibility to visualize directly the anatomical structure to be stimulated. Performing navigated TMS requires a perfect knowledge of cortical anatomy, which is very variable between subjects. This study aimed at providing a detailed description of sulcal and gyral anatomy of motor cortical regions with special interest to the inter‐individual variability of sulci. We attempted to identify the most stable structures, which can serve as anatomical landmarks for motor cortex mapping in navigated TMS practice. We analyzed the 3D reconstruction of 50 consecutive healthy adult brains (100 hemispheres). Different variants were identified regarding sulcal morphology, but several anatomical structures were found to be remarkably stable (four on dorsoventral axis and five on rostrocaudal axis). These landmarks were used to define a grid of 12 squares, which covered motor cortical regions. This grid was used to perform motor cortical mapping with navigated TMS in 12 healthy subjects from our cohort. The stereotactic coordinates (x‐y‐z) of the center of each of the 12 squares of the mapping grid were expressed into the standard Talairach space to determine the corresponding functional areas. We found that the regions whose stimulation produced almost constantly motor evoked potentials mainly correspond to the primary motor cortex, with rostral extension to premotor cortex and caudal extension to posterior parietal cortex. Our anatomy‐based approach should facilitate the expression and the comparison of the results obtained in motor mapping studies using navigated TMS. Hum Brain Mapp 35:2435–2447, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.