bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fishing for Resilience
Authors: Pope Kevin L. , Allen Craig R. , Angeler David G. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractManagement approaches that focus on social–ecological systems—systems comprised of ecosystems, landscapes, and humans—are needed to secure the sustainability of inland recreational fisheries without jeopardizing the integrity of the underlying social and ecological components. Resilience management can be useful because it focuses on providing recreational capacity for fishermen under a variety of conditions while assuring that the social–ecological system is not pushed to a critical threshold that would result in a new, undesired system regime. Resilience management is based on a system perspective that accounts for the possible regimes a system could manifest. It aims to enhance system properties that allow continued maintenance of the system in a desired regime in which multiple goods and services, including recreational capacity, are provided. In this forum paper, we provide an overview of the potential of a resilience approach to the management of recreational fisheries and highlight the scientific and administrative challenges to its successful implementation.
Fibrinogen Concentrate Does Not Suppress Endogenous Fibrinogen Synthesis in a 24-hour Porcine Trauma Model
Authors: Zentai Christian , Braunschweig Till , Schnabel Jonas , Rose Michael , Rossaint Rolf , Grottke Oliver 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Background:
Fibrinogen concentrate may reduce blood loss after trauma. However, its effect on endogenous fibrinogen synthesis is unknown. The authors investigated the effect of exogenous human fibrinogen on endogenous fibrinogen metabolism in a 24-h porcine trauma model.

Methods:
Coagulopathy was induced in 20 German Landrace pigs by hemodilution and blunt liver injury. Animals were randomized to receive fibrinogen concentrate (100 mg/kg; infusion beginning 20 min postinjury and lasting approximately 10 min) or saline. Fibrinogen concentration, thromboelastometry, and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of fibrinogen genes in liver tissue samples were recorded. Internal organs were examined histologically for emboli.

Results:
Coagulation parameters were impaired and plasma fibrinogen concentrations were reduced before starting infusion of fibrinogen concentrate/saline. Twenty minutes after starting infusion, exogenous fibrinogen supplementation had increased plasma fibrinogen concentration versus controls (171 ± 19 vs. 63 ± 10 mg/dl [mean ± SD for Multifibren U]; 185 ± 30 vs. 41 ± 4 mg/dl [Thrombin reagent]; P < 0.05 for both comparisons). The between-group difference in plasma fibrinogen concentration diminished thereafter, with maximum concentrations in both groups observed at approximately 24 h, that is, during the acute-phase reaction after trauma. Fibrinogen supplementation did not down-regulate endogenous fibrinogen synthesis (no between-group differences in fibrinogen messenger RNA). Total postinjury blood loss was significantly lower in the fibrinogen group (1,062 ± 216 vs. 1,643 ± 244 ml; P < 0.001). No signs of thromboembolism were observed.

Conclusions:
Administration of human fibrinogen concentrate did not down-regulate endogenous porcine fibrinogen synthesis. The effect on plasma fibrinogen concentration was most pronounced at 20 min but nonsignificant at approximately 24 h.
Intelligibility as a clinical outcome measure following intervention with children with phonologically based speech–sound disorders
Authors: Lousada M. , Jesus Luis M. T. , Hall A. , Joffe V. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe effectiveness of two treatment approaches (phonological therapy and articulation therapy) for treatment of 14 children, aged 4;0–6;7 years, with phonologically based speech–sound disorder (SSD) has been previously analysed with severity outcome measures (percentage of consonants correct score, percentage occurrence of phonological processes and phonetic inventory). Considering that the ultimate goal of intervention for children with phonologically based SSD is to improve intelligibility, it is curious that intervention studies focusing on children's phonology do not routinely use intelligibility as an outcome measure. It is therefore important that the impact of interventions on speech intelligibility is explored.AimsThis paper investigates the effectiveness of the two treatment approaches (phonological therapy and articulation therapy) using intelligibility measures, both in single words and in continuous speech, as the primary outcome.Methods & ProceduresFourteen children with phonologically based SSD participated in the intervention. The children were randomly assigned to phonological therapy or articulation therapy (seven children in each group). Two assessment methods were used for measuring intelligibility: a word identification task (for single words) and a rating scale (for continuous speech). Twenty‐one unfamiliar adults listened and judged the children's intelligibility. Reliability analyses showed overall high agreement between listeners across both methods.Outcomes & ResultsSignificant improvements were noted in intelligibility in both single words (paired t(6) = 4.409, p = 0.005) and continuous speech (asymptotic Z = 2.371, p = 0.018) for the group receiving phonology therapy pre‐ to post‐treatment, but no differences in intelligibility were found for those receiving the articulation therapy pre‐ to post‐treatment, either for single words (paired t(6) = 1.763, p = 0.128) or continuous speech (asymptotic Z = 1.442, p = 0.149).Conclusions & ImplicationsIntelligibility measures were sensitive enough to show changes in the phonological therapy group but not in the articulation therapy group. These findings emphasize the importance of using intelligibility as an outcome measure to complement the results obtained with other severity measures when exploring the effectiveness of speech interventions. This study presents new evidence for the effectiveness of phonological therapy in improving intelligibility with children with SSD.
The Saving Behaviour of Immigrants and Home‐Country Characteristics: Evidence from Australia
Authors: Gatina Liliya 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis article investigates the determinants of saving rates of Australian residents, determines whether the saving behaviour of immigrants is different from that of native‐born Australians and if it is affected by their country‐of‐origin characteristics. Comparison of estimated saving rates for 2006 using Australian longitudinal data reveals that immigrants save less than their native‐born counterparts. Amid the determinants, a home country's gross domestic product per capita and old‐age dependency ratio are found to be positively correlated, while national household saving rate is negatively correlated, with immigrants' saving rates. The latter finding may be driven by unaccounted remittances or changes in saving habits after immigration.
Labour Market Dynamics in Australia
Authors: Wesselbaum Dennis 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis article estimates a stylised search‐and‐matching model on data for Australia, covering the period 1978–2008. Using Bayesian methods, I find that the model does a fairly good job in replicating the data. Surprisingly, I find a large value for the worker's bargaining power and low vacancy‐posting costs. The model generates a strong Beveridge curve and matches the standard deviations of all variables but vacancies. I identify technology and separation shocks to be the main drivers of fluctuations.
Cross‐Market Linkages: The Case of Commodities, Bonds, Inflation and Industrial Production
Authors: Chevallier Julien , Ielpo Florian 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis article provides a case‐study of the cross‐market linkages at stake between commodities, bonds, industrial production and inflation. We show that one cointegration relationship exists between these variables during 1993–2011 and by taking into account structural breaks.
Australia's National School Data and the ‘Big Data’ Revolution in Education Economics
Authors: Pugh Kevin , Foster Gigi 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe increasing availability of large‐N datasets on students, schools and student achievement has produced an explosion of research in education economics over the past 20 years. In this data survey, we first review the micro‐level education datasets presently available around the world, focusing on their strengths and data access protocols, and we highlight samples of research by economists that have drawn upon them. We then discuss Australia's forays into ‘Big Data’ in education, with our main objective a description and assessment of the national school data recently made available to researchers through the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority.
Using Linking to Sharpen Policy‐Thinking: Early Findings from the Australian Census and Migrants Integrated Dataset
Authors: Smith David , Smith Therese 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWith the recent Australian Bureau of Statistics release of the Australian Census and Migrants Integrated Dataset (ACMID), we can, for the first time ever, analyse migrant Census data by visa category. For policy‐makers, this is an important development: the categories of migrants are quite distinct in terms of composition and what constitutes a successful outcome will vary markedly among different groups. This article presents findings from a brief analysis of the ACMID, providing new insights into how different groups of migrants fare over time and focusing on the ‘three E's’: English proficiency, education and employment.
Protocol‐driven self‐expanding metallic stenting for malignant large‐bowel obstruction in a district hospital
Authors: Lo Xina , Li Ka‐Ho , Fok Benny Ka‐Lung , Poon Michael Chi‐Ming , Cheung Michael Ho‐Yin , Li Raymond Shiu‐Ki , Leong Heng‐Tat 
Published: May 2014

AimThe acute management of non‐perforated malignant large‐bowel obstruction (MLBO) now includes self‐expanding metallic stenting (SEMS) as one of the possible options. Whether it can be the standard treatment of MLBO, however, remained controversial.Patients and MethodsOur hospital adopted a new protocol concerning case selection, timing and personnel involved in SEMS since January 2009 to incorporate this option into our management flow of MLBO; data were prospectively collected. Outcome measures included technical and clinical success, related complications, subsequent operation type, stoma formation, patency and survival of patients.ResultsA total of 48 patients attempted SEMS to relieve their obstruction, 50 per cent with an aim as bridge to definitive surgery and 50 per cent for palliation of incurable disease on presentation, during the initial period from January 2009 to June 2011. The technical and clinical success rates were 91.6 per cent and 89.6 per cent, respectively, without immediate perforations. The overall stoma rate was 22.9 per cent.ConclusionWith standardization by way of a well‐designed protocol, SEMS can be recommended as part of a routine‐management option of MLBO in centres with expertise available to produce favourable results.
Potential biomarkers and latent pathways for vasculitis based on latent pathway identification analysis
Authors: Zhou Tao , Zhang Yudong , Wu Peng , Sun Qiang , Guo Yanan , Yang Yanfei 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAimWe aimed in this study to identify the significant latent pathways and precise molecular mechanisms underlying the syndrome of vasculitis.MethodsAgilent dual‐channel data of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy controls and vasculitis patients were downloaded from EBI Array Express database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and vasculitis PBMCs samples were selected. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were carried out to identify significant biological processes and pathways. DEGs were matched to NetBox software database to obtain LINKER genes with statistical significance. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed with LINKER genes and DEGs according to STRING database. Latent pathway identification analysis (LPIA) was used to identify the most significant interactions among different pathways involved by DEGs.ResultsA total of 266 DEGs were selected. GO and KEGG pathway analysis showed that the up‐regulated genes were significantly enriched in defense and wounding response; the down‐regulated genes were enriched in immune response. The modules analysis of PPI network suggested that ISG15 and IFIT3 were the potential biomarkers for vasculitis. The results of LPIA showed that NOD‐like receptor signaling pathway and shigellosis related pathway were the two most significant latent pathway interactions for vasculitis. ISG15 and IFIT3 were the potential biomarkers for vasculitis identification.ConclusionNOD‐like receptor signaling pathway and shigellosis related pathway were the most significant latent pathway interactions for vasculitis. Moreover, LPIA was a useful method for revealing systemic biological pathways and cellular mechanisms of diseases.
Management of traumatically intruded young permanent tooth with 40‐month follow‐up
Authors: Chacko V , Pradhan M 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundIntrusive luxation injuries often result in severe damage to the tooth, periodontal ligament and pulpal tissue. Furthermore, treatment outcome is often unpredictable because of the large number of injury related variables which influence choice of treatment and prognosis. This report presents the case of a 9‐year‐old boy with a 6 mm intruded permanent maxillary central incisor with an open apex.MethodsThe treatment option chosen was to wait and watch for ‘spontaneous re‐eruption’. At the end of two weeks, the tooth showed signs of pulp necrosis and external root resorption. A palatal mucoperiostal flap was reflected and endodontic access was established, following which an intracanal medicament of calcium hydroxide was applied. By the end of the fifth month, there was radiographic evidence of apical barrier formation and by the tenth month, the tooth had re‐erupted to the level of the adjacent central incisor. Root canal treatment was completed at the end of 24 months and the root was reinforced using a glass fibre post.ResultsAt the last follow‐up visit (40 months after trauma), the tooth was asymptomatic and radiographic examination showed satisfactory periapical and periodontal healing.ConclusionsSpontaneous re‐eruption is possible, even in severely intruded teeth with open apices.
A retrospective analysis of oral and maxillofacial pathology in an Australian adult population
Authors: Kelloway E , Ha WN , Dost F , Farah CS 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of oral and maxillofacial pathology has not previously been reported in the Australian adult population. This study aimed to audit a large pathology service to provide insight into the prevalence of head and neck pathologies.MethodsWritten records of a major Australian oral pathology service were imported into an electronic database. Age, gender and histological diagnosis were assessed. Prevalence of histological diagnoses as a percentage of the major diagnostic categories and of the whole sample were calculated, as well as gender predilections and mean age of presentation of disease.ResultsA total of 6344 oral pathology specimens, collected from adults aged 17 years and over were included in the analysis. Mucosal pathology was the most common pathology (37.2%), followed by odontogenic cysts (16.3%) and dental pathology (14.5%). The three most common histological diagnoses were fibrous hyperplasia (15.2%), chronic periapical granuloma (9.6%) and radicular cyst (9.5%). The male:female ratio of the entire sample was 0.74.ConclusionsThis is the first study to describe the prevalence of oral and maxillofacial pathology among adult patients in an Australian population. The trends seen in this study are repeated in studies from other parts of the world, and are of diagnostic importance.
Obstacles to care in first‐episode psychosis patients with a long duration of untreated psychosis
Authors: Bay Nina , Bjørnestad Jone , Johannessen Jan O. , Larsen Tor K. , Joa Inge 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAimThis qualitative study is a sub‐study of the early ‘Treatment and Intervention in Psychosis Study’ (TIPS‐2), a program for early intervention strategies for people experiencing a first episode of psychosis. We aimed to improve knowledge about factors that prevent or delay patients with a long duration of psychosis from accessing psychiatric health‐care services at an earlier illness stage and their personal views on the impact of ongoing informational campaigns (ICs) on help‐seeking behaviour.MethodFollowing an interpretative‐phenomenological approach, eight consecutive TIPS‐2 patients with duration of untreated psychosis lasting for more than 6 months were interviewed. The interviews were analysed using a meaning condensation procedure.ResultsFive main themes were identified: (i) participants’ failure to recognize symptoms of psychosis; (ii) difficulties expressing their experiences; (iii) concerns about stigma; (iv) poor psychosis detection skills among health‐care professionals; and (v) participants’ lack of awareness or understanding of ICs.ConclusionsThe five themes identified may suggest that despite exposure to the targeted ICs, participants were unable to recognize or understand the severity of their symptoms. Further, although family members or others sometimes recognized the initial symptoms of psychosis development, these symptoms were attributed to reasons other than psychosis. Participants reported that health‐care personnel also had trouble identifying emerging signs of psychosis. The ICs need to be carefully crafted to relay information to people who do not consider themselves as currently experiencing signs of psychosis.
Tamil diaspora and the political spaces of second‐generation activism in Switzerland
Authors: HESS MONIKA , KORF BENEDIKT 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn this article, we study the emergence of the political spaces of activism of second‐generation Swiss Tamils resulting from a critical event – the suffering of Tamils during and after the final battle in early 2009 of a civil war in northern Sri Lanka that had lasted for decades. We contend that we can explain the geographies of newly emerging second‐generation activism committed to achieving Tamil Eelam through two factors. These are first, this generation's multiple senses of belonging both to Switzerland and to the Tamil ‘nation’ and, second, the way a specific politics of affect remoulded second‐generation identities because the pain of witnessing the brutality of war and suffering of Tamils occurred concurrently with a perceived lack of interest from their ‘new home’ (Switzerland). The combination of these factors made them want to acknowledge their Tamil ‘roots’ and encouraged them to become politically active. Consequently, these second‐generation activists primarily sought to engage with their host society – to awaken it from its indifference to the suffering of Tamils and from its passivity in taking action on an international level. We thereby witness the emerging of a new type of Tamil activism in Switzerland, which is firmly located in and bound to the host country.
Genetic linkage map of Lolium multiflorum Lam. constructed from a BC1 population derived from an interspecific hybridization, L. multiflorum × Lolium temulentum L. × L. temulentum
Authors: Guan Xuanli , Hirata Mariko , Ding Chenglong , Xu Nengxiang , Yuyama Nana , Tan Lubin , Fu Yongcai , Wang Jianping , Cai Hongwei 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSimple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and conserved‐intron scanning primer (CISP) markers developed from cereal expressed sequence tag sequences were successfully used to construct a linkage map for Lolium multiflorum Lam. using a L. multiflorum × Lolium temulentum L. × L. temulentum BC1 population consisting of 88 individuals. The genetic linkage map included 108 SSR and 84 CISP markers that covered 488.8 centimorgan (cM) in seven linkage groups, ranging in length from 42.2 to 98.9 cM. The average density of markers was 2.5 cM. Syntenic relationships between Lolium and rice (Oryza sativa L.) based on the positions of the CISP markers largely agree with the previously reported relationships. The map constructed in the present study will be useful in developing a denser linkage map as well as for analysis of quantitative trait loci for important agronomic traits in Lolium species.
Expression of the oncoprotein gankyrin and phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein in human testis and testicular germ cell tumor
Authors: Ando Satoshi , Matsuoka Taeko , Kawai Koji , Sugita Shintaro , Joraku Akira , Kojima Takahiro , Suetomi Takahiro , Miyazaki Jun , Fujita Jun , Nishiyama Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2014

ObjectiveThe oncoprotein, gankyrin, is known to facilitate cell proliferation through phosphorylation and degradation of retinoblastoma protein. In the present study, we evaluated the expression of gankyrin and phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein in human testis and testicular germ cell tumors.MethodsThe effects of suppression of gankyrin by locked nucleic acid on phosphorylation status of retinoblastoma and cell proliferation were analyzed using western blot analysis and testicular tumor cell line NEC8. The expressions of gankyrin, retinoblastoma and retinoblastoma protein were analyzed in 93 testicular germ cell tumor samples and five normal human testis by immunohistochemistry. The retinoblastoma protein expression was determined using an antibody to retinoblastoma protein, Ser795.ResultsGankyrin was expressed in NEC8 cells as well as a normal human testis and testicular tumors. Suppression of gankyrin by locked nucleic acid led to suppression of retinoblastoma protein and cell proliferation in NEC8 cells. Immunohistochemistry of normal testis showed that gankyrin is expressed dominantly in spermatocytes. In testicular germ cell tumors, high expressions of gankyrin and phosphorylated‐retinoblastoma protein were observed in seminoma and embryonal carcinoma, whereas the expressions of both proteins were weak in histological subtypes of non‐seminoma. Growing teratoma and testicular malignant transformation tissues expressed phosphorylated‐retinoblastoma protein strongly, but gankyrin faintly.ConclusionGankyrin is dominantly expressed in normal spermatocytes and seminoma/embryonal carcinoma, and its expression correlates well with retinoblastoma protein expression except in the growing teratoma and testicular malignant transformation cases. These data provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of normal spermatogenesis and pathogenesis of testicular germ cell tumors.