bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of risk factors related to chronic non‐healing wound infection and the construction of a clinical prediction model
Authors: Liu Jing , He Qiang , Guo Gaijuan , Zhai Chunbao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study is aimed to analyse the risk factors associated with chronic non‐healing wound infections, establish a clinical prediction model, and validate its performance. Clinical data were retrospectively collected from 260 patients with chronic non‐healing wounds treated in the plastic surgery ward of Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital between January 2022 and December 2023 who met the inclusion criteria. Risk factors were analysed, and a clinical prediction model was constructed using both single and multifactor logistic regression analyses to determine the factors associated with chronic non‐healing wound infections. The model's discrimination and calibration were assessed via the concordance index (C‐index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified several independent risk factors for chronic non‐healing wound infection: long‐term smoking (odds ratio [OR]: 4.122, 95% CI: 3.412–5.312, p < 0.05), history of diabetes (OR: 3.213, 95% CI: 2.867–4.521, p < 0.05), elevated C‐reactive protein (OR: 2.981, 95% CI: 2.312–3.579, p < 0.05), elevated procalcitonin (OR: 2.253, 95% CI: 1.893–3.412, p < 0.05) and reduced albumin (OR: 1.892, 95% CI: 1.322–3.112, p < 0.05). The clinical prediction model's C‐index was 0.762, with the corrected C‐index from internal validation using the bootstrap method being 0.747. The ROC curve indicated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.762 (95% CI: 0.702–0.822). Both the AUC and C‐indexes ranged between 0.7 and 0.9, suggesting moderate‐to‐good predictive accuracy. The calibration chart demonstrated a good fit between the model's calibration curve and the ideal curve. Long‐term smoking, diabetes, elevated C‐reactive protein, elevated procalcitonin and reduced albumin are confirmed as independent risk factors for bacterial infection in patients with chronic non‐healing wounds. The clinical prediction model based on these factors shows robust performance and substantial predictive value.
Size‐based indicators of unexploited deep‐sea community in the Colombian Caribbean Sea
Authors: Paramo Jorge , Pérez Daniel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractComposition, size distribution, structure, and function of deep‐sea marine communities must be understood before they are impacted by anthropogenic effects. The deep‐sea ecosystem of the Colombian Caribbean Sea is unexploited with no fishing activity ever registered. We quantified the current state of the marine community using body size distribution (size‐spectra), size‐based indicators, minimum length (LMIN), maximum length (LMAX), average length (Lmean), standard deviation of length (LSD), 10th and 90th percentiles of the length distribution, Shannon–Wiener diversity (H′), and Pielou's evenness (J′) to generate a baseline of potential ecological indicators that contribute to management and conservation of the Colombian bento‐demersal community of deep‐sea marine ecosystem. Sampling was in the Colombian Caribbean Sea at 58 stations during four samplings in August and December 2009, 21 stations in March and May 2010, and 45 stations from August to December 2020, using the swept area method, at depths of 200–550 m. Catches included >50% families and species of fish, followed by 27 families (30%) and 33 and species (37%) of crustaceans. Chondrichthyes included 14% families and 9–11% species. Cephalopods included 2–3% families and 1–4% species. Size‐spectra analysis confirmed expected values for unexploited communities in three sampling years for teleostei, crustacea, and whole community.
Not all soil carbon is created equal: Labile and stable pools under nitrogen input
Authors: Zang Huadong , Mehmood Imran , Kuzyakov Yakov , Jia Rong , Gui Heng , Blagodatskaya Evgenia , Xu Xingliang , Smith Pete , Chen Haiqing , Zeng Zhaohai , Fan Mingsheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAnthropogenic activities have raised nitrogen (N) input worldwide with profound implications for soil carbon (C) cycling in ecosystems. The specific impacts of N input on soil organic matter (SOM) pools differing in microbial availability remain debatable. For the first time, we used a much‐improved approach by effectively combining the 13C natural abundance in SOM with 21 years of C3–C4 vegetation conversion and long‐term incubation. This allows to distinguish the impact of N input on SOM pools with various turnover times. We found that N input reduced the mineralization of all SOM pools, with labile pools having greater sensitivity to N than stable ones. The suppression in SOM mineralization was notably higher in the very labile pool (18%–52%) than the labile and stable (11%–47%) and the very stable pool (3%–21%) compared to that in the unfertilized control soil. The very labile C pool made a strong contribution (up to 60%) to total CO2 release and also contributed to 74%–96% of suppressed CO2 with N input. This suppression of SOM mineralization by N was initially attributed to the decreased microbial biomass and soil functions. Over the long‐term, the shift in bacterial community toward Proteobacteria and reduction in functional genes for labile C degradation were the primary drivers. In conclusion, the higher the availability of the SOM pools, the stronger the suppression of their mineralization by N input. Labile SOM pools are highly sensitive to N availability and may hold a greater potential for C sequestration under N input at global scale.
Biochar produced from waste‐based feedstocks: Mechanisms, affecting factors, economy, utilization, challenges, and prospects
Authors: Ahmed Shams Forruque , Mehejabin Fatema , Chowdhury Ashfaque Ahmed , Almomani Fares , Khan Nadeem A. , Badruddin Irfan Anjum , Kamangar Sarfaraz 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBiochar possesses unique characteristics, including a substantial surface area, a high carbon content, sufficient capacity for cation exchange, and a robust structure. However, biochar contains hazardous pollutants like volatile organic compounds that harm soil properties and functionality. Although several studies on biochar production from various feedstocks have been undertaken in recent years, several issues about feedstock preparation, economic feasibility, influencing factors, and the proper utilization of biochar production processes need to be addressed. This paper thus addresses these issues by providing potential solutions identified through a comprehensive review. Slow pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass and Acacia nilotica yields biochar from 20 to 52 wt% at various temperatures and residence times. Biochar yield varies from 29 to 48.3 wt% when waste tires and corn stalks are rapidly pyrolyzed at higher temperatures and for shorter periods. Torrefaction of algal biomass at moderate temperatures with different residence times can result in a substantial yield of 50–60 wt%. However, the variability and heterogeneity of waste feedstocks pose potential challenges affecting biochar's quality and properties. Given its widespread use in carbon sequestration, soil remediation, wastewater purification, and organic waste composting, the mechanisms of biochar production in environmental usage need to be investigated.
Climate and ecosystem type affect the correlated evolution of body size and trophic position in fishes
Authors: Dalponti Guilherme , Caliman Adriano , Uyeda Josef C. , Guariento Rafael D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimThe relationship between body size and trophic position (BS–TP) typically exhibits a positive correlation in aquatic foodwebs, but the strength of this relationship is contingent on ecosystem type and climate. Different hypotheses have been proposed to elucidate climate and ecosystem type effects on the BS–TP relationship for ray‐finned fish. However, our understanding of whether such a relationship evolved in a correlated fashion, spanning various climates and ecosystem types, remains limited.LocationTemperate and tropical marine and freshwater ecosystems.Time PeriodPresent to millions of years ago.Major Taxa StudiedRay‐finned fish.MethodsWe used a phylogenetic tree and TP and BS data of more than a thousand freshwater and marine ray‐finned fishes, from distinct climates and ecosystems, to investigate patterns on macroevolutionary time scales of the evolutionary correlation of BS and TP. As part of our investigation, we also ran analyses excluding herbivores and detritivores from the dataset, then further focusing solely on carnivores.ResultsWe found distinct patterns of the BS–TP evolutionary correlation for different climates and ecosystems. The evolutionary correlation between BS and TP was significant for all ecosystem type–climate combinations, except for tropical freshwater ecosystems. The results remained consistent even after accounting for phylogenetic uncertainty and when excluding herbivores and detritivores from the analysis.Main ConclusionsWe found a weaker evolutionary correlation between BS and TP in tropical freshwater ecosystems. These findings are consistent with the stronger BS–TP relationship between extant taxa in temperate climates compared to the tropics, illustrating how evolutionary dynamics might have influenced the trophic structure of fish and contributed to shaping macroecological patterns of the BS–TP relationship. Our findings suggest that limitations that hinder evolutionary integration between BS and TP might be primarily attributed to energetic constraints imposed by temperature and the availability of C‐rich food resources at the base of the foodweb.
Forage potential of Thinopyrum intermedium through near‐infrared spectrometry and grown in mixture with various legumes
Authors: Fagnant Laura , Duchene Olivier , Bindelle Jérôme , Beckers Yves , Decruyenaere Virginie , Dumont Benjamin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntermediate wheatgrass [IWG; Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey] is a perennial grass, dual‐purpose crop that can provide environmental services. In addition to the grain production, assessing its forage potential is crucial. We developed models for near‐infrared (NIR) spectrometry prediction of the chemical composition and digestibility of IWG across various experimental sites. Among these, a Belgian field was used to compare its dual production in pure stands or in mixture with legumes. Good quality NIR predictions were observed, offering an efficient tool to characterize the forage composition of IWG. Its forage parameters were mainly influenced by the phenological stage with an increase of fiber and a decrease of protein, digestibility, and energy content (NEL) during the growing season. IWG forage at vegetative stages could be used to feed lactating dairy cattle with a NEL of 1625 kcal kg−1 of DM but, its biomass was low averaging 1.8 t of DM ha−1. At grain maturity, biomass was higher (i.e., 5.3 t of DM ha−1), representing 73%–92% of the total biomass production, and could replace straw in high‐starch dairy diets with a NEL averaging 849 kcal kg−1 of DM. Although the mixture of IWG with legumes enhanced some forage parameters, its value as animal feed was not improved. In mixture, we observed a tradeoff between the increase of the forage yield and the reproductive potential of IWG. These insights can inform the on‐going process of breeding and help farmers to design relevant systems to experiment this new crop.
Assessing Potential Bias in PFAS Concentrations in Groundwater and Surface Water Samples
Authors: Wanzek Tom , McIntyre Hannah , Hawley Elisabeth , Deeb Rula , Bogdan Dorin , Shaefer Charles , DiGuiseppi Bill , Struse Amanda , Schwichtenberg Trever , Field Jennifer 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPer‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) encompass a large group of recalcitrant anthropogenic compounds that have been used in a variety of consumer and industrial products and processes over many decades. Drinking water standards were recently finalized for two PFAS at low nanogram per liter concentrations. Due to the widespread use of PFAS and low health‐based thresholds, a literature review and laboratory and field studies were conducted to assess several potential sources of bias in PFAS concentrations. Fluoropolymers are commonly present in equipment, products, and materials used during field sampling, potentially leading to false positive results. Laboratory results confirmed the presence of PFAS in multiple commonly used field materials. However, best practices can be used to limit pathways for cross contamination. Laboratory‐specified hold times and sample storage temperatures are scientifically founded and adequately prevent bias due to PFAS sorption to sampling containers or partial degradation of some PFAS to form others. PFAS are also known to accumulate at the air‐water interface and other interfaces. Results from laboratory and field studies indicate that PFAS enrichment in foam and in the surface microlayer does occur. However, the effect of this phenomenon is within the range of analytical and spatial sampling variability and therefore a change in sampling procedures is not needed. Findings were distilled into science‐based and practical recommendations to minimize bias during PFAS sampling without incurring unnecessary cost and effort.
Motherhood and consumption: A systematic review and directions for future research
Authors: Freitas Thalita Meyli Lin , Leite Ramon Silva , de Rezende Pinto Marcelo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article presents a hybrid literature review on the relationship between motherhood and consumption, encompassing academic research in Business, Management, and Cultural Studies that investigates mothers as consumers and the reciprocal influence between mothers and other actors in family consumption dynamics. Bibliometric research was conducted on 175 articles indexed on the Web of Science using the SPAR‐4‐SLR protocol. It included performance analysis, intellectual and conceptual structure of the field, an evolutionary overview of publications, and a map of trends. Moreover, from the systematic review, a new framework, PTCCM, is proposed to identify the publications' widely used perspectives, theories, constructs, characteristics, and methods. The findings reveal nine major perspectives on motherhood and consumption: consumer socialization and intergenerational influence, consumption and identity, vulnerabilities and public policies, consumption and liminality, influences of children on family consumption, maternal practices, decision‐making and consumption process, gender studies, and advertising. Based on the identified gaps, thematic, theoretical, contextual, and methodological suggestions for future work are presented. This systematic review provides a map for academics and professionals interested in consumption in the context of motherhood, offering a comprehensive overview of the state‐of‐the‐art and research agenda.
Determining the effects of nomophobia on nurses and midwives in a maternity and child health hospital: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Dinçer Yeliz , Çelik İnce Sevecen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimThis study aims to assess the levels of nomophobia among nurses and midwives employed at a gynecology and children's hospital and to explore its impact on their lives.MethodsThis descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted in a gynecology and pediatrics hospital situated in the western region of Turkey. The research sample comprised 112 nurses and midwives. Data collection was facilitated through an “Introductory Information Form” and the “Nomophobia Scale,” with adherence to the STROBE checklist for reporting this cross‐sectional study.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 34.50 ± 9.98 years. The average total score on the nomophobia scale was 68.45 ± 24.62, with 54.5% of participants classified as having moderate levels of nomophobia. Factors such as age, years of experience in nursing or midwifery, work patterns, and the habit of checking their phones immediately upon waking and before sleeping were found to influence their levels of nomophobia.ConclusionThe study observed that mobile phone usage among nurses and midwives in a gynecology and pediatrics setting negatively affects their mental and physical health, with a moderate level of nomophobia being prevalent. Notably, older age and increased work experience were associated with lower nomophobia scores.Implications for nursing practiceInitiatives aimed at preventing the onset of nomophobia are recommended, especially targeting younger nurses and midwives who play a crucial role in health service delivery.
An adapted constraint‐programming formulation of the resource‐constrained project scheduling problem applied to the identical parallel machines group shop and mixed shop scheduling problems
Authors: Yuraszeck Francisco , Mejía Gonzalo , Lüer‐Villagra Armin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we study the group shop and the mixed shop scheduling problems with single and identical parallel machines at each workstation with the makespan criterion. We adapted a constraint programming formulation previously presented for the classical resource‐constrained project scheduling problem. The effectiveness of our approach is evident in the fact that it achieved optimality in 107 out of 130 classical group shop scheduling problem instances and in 320 classical mixed shop scheduling problem instances. In the last set, we obtained 13 new optimal solutions.
The incidence of lower extremity amputation and its associated risk factors in patients with diabetic foot ulcers: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Luo Yinli , Liu Chang , Li Chuying , Jin Meitong , Pi Longquan , Jin Zhehu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study analysed the incidence of lower extremity amputation and its associated risk factors in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. This study systematically searched both Chinese and English databases, including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science, to identify cohort studies related to lower extremity amputation and associated risk factors in patients with diabetic foot ulcers up to October 2023. The patients were stratified based on whether they underwent lower extremity amputation, and relevant data, including basic information, patient characteristics, complications, comorbidities and pertinent laboratory test data, were extracted from the included studies. The literature quality assessment in this study utilized the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale to screen for high‐quality literature, resulting in the inclusion of 16 cohort studies, all of which were of at least moderate quality. Meta‐analysis of outcome indicators was conducted using the Stata 14.0 software. The results indicate that the overall amputation rate of lower extremities in patients with diabetic foot ulcers is 31% (0.25, 0.38). Among the 16 variables evaluated, gender (male), smoking history, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, white blood cell count, haemoglobin and albumin levels were found to be correlated with the occurrence of lower extremity amputation in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. However, no significant correlation was observed between age, diabetes type, duration of diabetes, stroke, glycosylated haemoglobin, creatinine and total cholesterol levels and lower extremity amputation in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. This meta‐analysis indicates that the overall amputation rate in patients with diabetic foot ulcers is 31%. Factors such as gender (male), smoking history, high BMI, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, white blood cell count, haemoglobin and albumin levels are identified as significant risk factors for lower extremity amputation in diabetic foot ulcer patients. These findings suggest that attention should be focused on these risk factors in patients with diabetic foot ulcers to reduce the risk of lower extremity amputation. Therefore, preventive and intervention measures targeting these risk factors are of significant importance in clinical practice. (Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier [CRD42024497538]).
An exploration of frontline health professional's current understanding of non‐fatal strangulation
Authors: Donaldson A. E. , Ravono A. , Hurren E. , Harvey C. , Baldwin A. , Solomon B. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo explore frontline health professionals' current understanding of non‐fatal strangulation and their need for and support for a comprehensive education and screening package to support health delivery.DesignA descriptive mixed‐method approach was chosen to analyse responses to an anonymous, online survey consisting of ten Likert scale, open‐ended and five demographic questions. 103 frontline health professionals (nurses, doctors, paramedics, midwives) participated in this study.MethodsContent analysis of the Likert scale and open‐ended questions describing the subjective experiences and perceptions of the participants was undertaken along with percentage and frequency counts of the rated Likert responses.ResultsThe findings identified that 51.1% of health professionals do not ask about strangulation routinely and that 59% of health professionals reported receiving no formal education or professional development on NFS to enhance their knowledge or inform clinical practice. No health professionals identified mild traumatic brain injury as a consequence or sign of strangulation, nor did they identify an understanding that 50% of people may have no visible injuries after being strangled. Health professionals also do not routinely document the different agencies referred to or involved in supporting the person who experienced NFS.ConclusionFindings suggest that frontline health professionals lack the confidence, skills and education needed to meet medical obligations to their patients and to fulfil their duty to ‘do no harm’. Frontline health professionals would welcome a comprehensive education and screening package to guide recognition and response to non‐fatal strangulation in their clinical settings.Where and on Whom Will the Research Have an Impact?The purpose of the study was to understand and explore health professionals' knowledge about non‐fatal strangulation so that improved education around better screening, and management of trauma‐focused care to people who have been subjected to non‐fatal strangulation could occur.No Patient or Public ContributionThis review contains no patient or public contribution since it examines health professionals' knowledge of identifying non‐fatal strangulation and the screening and assessment tools used in clinical practice.