bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of herbivory in Drosophilidae linked to loss of behaviors, antennal responses, odorant receptors, and ancestral diet
Authors: Goldman-Huertas Benjamin , Mitchell Robert F. , Lapoint Richard T. , Faucher Cécile P. , Hildebrand John G. , Whiteman Noah K. 
Published: January 2015

SignificanceThe evolution of herbivory in animals is rare but has resulted in major adaptive radiations. Its rarity suggests that there are barriers to colonization of plants. Behavioral adaptations, involving host plant finding, are likely the first to evolve during the transition to herbivory. A recently evolved herbivorous fly species was derived from yeast-feeding ancestors. This herbivorous fly, unlike its yeast-feeding relatives, lost attraction to yeast volatiles, the ability to detect yeast volatiles, and three genes that encode olfactory receptors critical for detecting yeast volatiles inDrosophila melanogaster. Loss-of-function mutations may play a role in the transition to herbivory in insects, which account for nearly 25% of all species of life.
Intrinsic biocontainment: Multiplex genome safeguards combine transcriptional and recombinational control of essential yeast genes
Authors: Cai Yizhi , Agmon Neta , Choi Woo Jin , Ubide Alba , Stracquadanio Giovanni , Caravelli Katrina , Hao Haiping , Bader Joel S. , Boeke Jef D. 
Published: January 2015

SignificanceThe advance of biotechnology opens up greater possibilities of bioterror and bioerror. Here, we propose multiplexed safeguard switches rooted in the development of foundational genomic, regulatory, and metabolic technologies. Safeguard switches can be regulated by submicromolar small molecule(s) and combined in a modular fashion. The resulting safeguard strains show high fitness and low reversion rates. Moreover, two distinct classes of safeguard switches are orthogonal, providing a potential fail-safe mechanism. The safeguard technologies provide a practical and generic approach to containing engineered microbes within defined laboratory and/or industrial environments, and can in principle be used in the field as well.
Structural and biochemical studies of HCMV gH/gL/gO and Pentamer reveal mutually exclusive cell entry complexes
Authors: Ciferri Claudio , Chandramouli Sumana , Donnarumma Danilo , Nikitin Pavel A. , Cianfrocco Michael A. , Gerrein Rachel , Feire Adam L. , Barnett Susan W. , Lilja Anders E. , Rappuoli Rino , Norais Nathalie , Settembre Ethan C. , Carfi Andrea 
Published: January 2015

Significance
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in transplant patients and in fetuses after congenital infection. gH/gL/gO and Pentamer are targets for neutralizing antibodies. We show that gO and UL128/UL130/UL131A bind to the same site on gH/gL through formation of a disulfide bond with gL-Cys144. The alternative use of this binding site by either gO or the ULs may provide a mechanism for cell tropism modulation. Our analysis reveals that gH/gL antigenic sites are conserved among gH/gL, gH/gL/gO, and Pentamer, whereas gH/gL/gO- and Pentamer-specific neutralizing antibody-binding sites are located in the gH/gL N terminus protrusion that contains the gO and the UL subunits. These data support the development of vaccines and antibody therapeutics against HCMV.
Invasive breast cancer reprograms early myeloid differentiation in the bone marrow to generate immunosuppressive neutrophils
Authors: Casbon Amy-Jo , Reynaud Damien , Park Chanhyuk , Khuc Emily , Gan Dennis D. , Schepers Koen , Passegué Emmanuelle , Werb Zena 
Published: January 2015

SignificanceWe show that tumor reprogramming of hematopoiesis in bone marrow occurs at the onset of malignant conversion and results in systemic expansion of circulating activated neutrophils that preferentially accumulate in lungs. Our data are, to our knowledge, the first to show that activation and not inhibition of myeloid differentiation is responsible for expansion and activity of T cell-suppressive myeloid cells; a tumor-derived factor targets the immature hematopoietic compartment to drive myeloid expansion; granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is the only hematopoietic growth factor to increase in serum during early tumor development; prolonged G-CSF induces production of Rb1lowneutrophils and not short-term mobilization; and G-CSF acts in a cell intrinsic manner to expand multipotent progenitors to increase production of tumor-derived Ly6G+neutrophils.
CTCF-binding elements 1 and 2 in the
Igh
intergenic control region cooperatively regulate V(D)J recombination
Authors: Lin Sherry G. , Guo Chunguang , Su Arthur , Zhang Yu , Alt Frederick W. 
Published: January 2015

Significance
Mice and humans generate diverse antibody repertoires through a genomic rearrangement process termed “V(D)J recombination” that assembles genetic regions that encode antigen-binding portions of antibodies by cutting and pasting together different combinations of V, D, and J gene segments. V(D)J recombination is strictly controlled to ensure generating a sufficiently large antibody repertoire to recognize any pathogen encountered and to minimize generation of self-reactive antibodies. Across the large antibody heavy-chain locus, V(D)J recombination regulation depends on a small control region, intergenic control region 1 (IGCR1), containing two CCCTC-binding factor–binding elements (CBEs) that bind a broadly expressed factor implicated in chromosomal looping. The current studies show that these two CBEs function cooperatively to mediate full IGCR1 functions and suggest a working model for how they do so.
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Program in the Post-Food and Drug Administration Approval Era: Early Outcomes at an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Melby Spencer J. , Bess Kyle M. , Isbell Kayla D. , Sasse Mark F. , Leesar Massoud A. , Alli Oluseun O. , Singh Satinder P. , Jernigan Lindsay B. , George James F. , Davies James E. 
Published: January 2015

Objective Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has recently become a suitable alternative for treatment of symptomatic aortic stenosis in patients who are at very high risk for morbidity and mortality with conventional corrective surgery. In the fall of 2011, the Food and Drug Administration approved the use of TAVR, allowing for reimbursement at institutions outside of investigative trials. We report the initiation of a TAVR-based program at an academic tertiary care facility that did not participate in the Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves (PARTNER) 1 or PARTNER II trials. Methods A total of 160 patients were evaluated for TAVR from May 2012 through June 2013. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement was found to be appropriate for 50 (31%). Results In this experience, morbidity and mortality were similar to those reported for the PARTNER trial (30-day hospital mortality was 8%). A single case of presumed cerebrovascular accident was observed. These results demonstrate that the real-world application can be done with comparable results. Implementation of lessons learned in the trials allowed a very short learning curve and excellent results after only a limited number of patients. Use of computed tomography reconstructed images for operative planning, including fluoroscopic angle, facilitated minimal use of contrast in each case. Conclusions Transcatheter aortic valve replacement is a viable option for patients at very high risk for surgical intervention in the post-Food and Drug Administration approval era. Real-world results comparable with published outcomes from experienced centers involved in the PARTNER trial can be achieved.
“The Balloon Plug Concept” for Tricuspid Valve Repair Ex Vivo Proof of Concept
Authors: Bajona Pietro , Salizzoni Stefano , Vandenberghe Stijn , Bruce Charles J. , Speziali Giovanni , Zehr Kenton J. 
Published: January 2015

Objective Functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is recognized as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in cardiothoracic surgery. We hypothesized that a variably expandable, transvalvular balloon mounted on a catheter could be percutaneously inserted and fixed to the right ventricle apex. This novel approach could provide a minimally invasive way to eliminate clinically relevant TR caused by annular dilatation. This study was performed to test the ex vivo hemodynamic effects and the feasibility of the “balloon plug concept.” Methods Twenty harvested calf tricuspid valves were placed in a mechanical simulator. Tricuspid regurgitation was created by annular stretching and displacement of the papillary muscles so as to create central TR. A flexible catheter with a 4-cm–long, soft, fusiform balloon was positioned across the valve so that the balloon was suspended centrally across the valve annular plane. After activating the mechanical ventricle, data were collected with balloon inflation volumes of saline from 5 to 20 mL. Transvalvular pressure gradients and leaflet mechanics were evaluated with incremental inflation. Results In all cases, 5-mL inflation did not significantly reduce TR and 20-mL inflation caused obstruction to antegrade flow (mean transvalvular gradient > 4 mm Hg). Inflation between 10 and 15 mL caused significant reduction in TR with acceptable transvalvular gradients (<3 mm Hg). Conclusions The balloon plug concept showed promising ex vivo hemodynamic results. In vivo investigations are warranted to evaluate percutaneous techniques, thrombogenicity, and effects of repeated balloon-leaflet contact on valve integrity.
The entrepreneurship-motherhood nexus
Authors: Lewis Kate V. , Harris Candice , Morrison Rachel , Ho Marcus 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to use boundaryless career theory as a perspective from which to explore understanding related to the interplay between life-stage and career transitions in women; and, specifically, the life-stage-related event of motherhood relative to the transition from corporate employment to self-employment.

Design/methodology/approach
– A qualitative longitudinal research design was operationalized over a four-year period and data from both primary and secondary sources were collected in relation to four New Zealand case studies.

Findings
– The findings highlight how life-stage events such as motherhood can have a profound influence on both the perception and enactment of careers and career transitions. In total, two primary micro-processes were identified in relation to the career transitions of the female participants into self-employment and were labeled “traditional employment” (relating to role change; integrating work and life domains; opportunity seeking; and support) and “creating boundaries” (relating to: compartmentalization of responsibility, life-stage events, work models, and business growth and success).

Research limitations/implications
– Exploratory in nature; small in scale; limited to one geographic context.

Originality/value
– The authors attempt to add a more nuanced understanding of the notion of boundaryless careers in relation to entrepreneurship generally and the transition of a group of women into self-employment specifically. Both the discourse and pragmatics of boundaries between work/life and past careers/new careers is more salient in terms of success than possibly historically understood in this domain, and the enactment of boundaries richer and more diverse than theory may currently account for.
What is exchanged in psychological contracts? Multiple sets of obligations, targeted effort and uncertainty reduction
Authors: Rodwell John , Ellershaw Julia 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the currency underlying the employment relationship of allied health workers by investigating the mechanisms of their psychological contracts.Design/methodology/approach– Path analyses were conducted on the survey responses from Australian allied health professionals (n=112; a 46 per cent response rate).Findings– The analyses revealed that psychological contract promises decreased organizational citizenship behaviours relating to the organization (OCBO), while contract fulfilment increased commitment and reduced psychological distress. Contract breach reduced organizational commitment.Originality/value– The results indicate that obligations may be the primary currency in their psychological contract, with career commitment forming a set of obligations by which employees determine their OCBO, highlighting the nature of the resources exchanged to be targeted to their perceived source, in this case organizational promises begetting discretionary contributions to the organization. Further, fulfilment may reduce uncertainty, which in turn can reduce strain and increase OCBO.
Immigrants and natives at work: exposure to workplace bullying
Authors: Bergbom Barbara , Vartia-Vaananen Maarit , Kinnunen Ulla 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether immigrants, when in the minority, are more exposed to bullying at work than natives, and whether immigrants’ cultural distance from the host culture increases the risk of being bullied.Design/methodology/approach– The study was conducted as a cross-sectional survey. The participants were immigrant (N=183) and native (N=186) employees in a transport company in Finland.Findings– Whereas immigrants on average were more likely than natives to label themselves as being bullied, the culturally least distant group of immigrants did not differ in this regard from natives. Compared to natives, the risk of being bullied was nearly three times higher in the intermediate distance group of immigrants and nearly eight times higher in the culturally most distant group. The primary type of negative act immigrants were subjected to was social exclusion.Research limitations/implications– It would be advisable for future research investigating immigrants’ exposure to bullying to use quasi-objective measures along with a self-labelling measure, and to apply qualitative methods.Practical implications– The heightened risk of culturally distant immigrants to being exposed to bullying might be reduced by improving employees’ cross-cultural communication skills and by promoting an atmosphere of acceptance of cultural diversity.Originality/value– The study is an addition to the still scarce literature on immigrants’ exposure to workplace bullying, and takes into particular account immigrants’ cultural distance from their host culture.
How do high performance work systems influence organizational innovation in professional service firms?
Authors: Fu Na , Flood Patrick C. , Bosak Janine , Morris Tim , O'Regan Philip 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine how a system of human resource management (HRM) practices, labelled high-performance work systems (HPWS), influences organizational innovation in professional service firms (PSFs). In this study, innovation in PSFs is seen as an indicator of firm performance and is calculated as the revenue per person generated from new clients and new services, respectively.Design/methodology/approach– Quantitative data were collected from 195 managing partners, HR managers or experienced Partners in 120 Irish accounting firms. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses.Findings– The analysis results indicate strong support for the mediating role of employees’ innovative work behaviours in the relationship between HPWS and two types of PSFs’ innovation performance.Practical implications– Managers need to effectively adopt and implement innovation-based HRM practices to encourage and support employees’ creative thinking and innovation. Through the adoption and utilization of these practices managers can enhance the firm’s innovation and its performance.Originality/value– This study contributes to our understanding of the link between HRM and firm innovation by explicating a pathway between these variables. This study also generalizes consistent findings on the HRM-firm innovation relationship to a different context, i.e. PSFs.
Microbial interaction between a CTXM‐15‐producing Escherichia coli and a susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage: influence of cefotaxime in the dual‐species biofilm formation
Authors: Bessa Lucinda J. , Mendes Ângelo , Gomes Rita , Curvelo Sara , Cravo Sara , Sousa Emília , Vasconcelos Vitor , Martins da Costa Paulo 
Published: January 2015

SummaryTwo isolates, Escherichia coli ella00 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ella01, obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage, were found to be closely associated in clusters in agar medium. Escherichia coli ella00 was multidrug resistant and CTXM‐15 extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase producer, while P. aeruginosa ella01 was susceptible to all antimicrobials tested. These observations impelled for further studies aimed to understand their microbial interaction. The P. aeruginosa ella01 biofilm‐forming capacity was reduced and not affected when it was co‐cultured with E. coli ella00 and E. coli ATCC 25922 respectively. Interestingly, the co‐culture of ella isolates in the presence of high concentrations, such as 160 μg ml–1, of cefotaxime allowed the formation of more biofilm than in the absence of the antibiotic. As revealed by fluorescence in situ hybridization, in co‐culture, P. aeruginosa ella01 survived and subsequently flourished when exposed to this third‐generation cephalosporin at a concentration 10 × higher than its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and this was mostly due to β‐lactamases production by E. coli ella00. In fact, it was demonstrated by high‐performance liquid chromatography that cefotaxime was absent for the culture medium 4 h after application. In conclusion, we demonstrate that bacterial species can interact differently depending on the surrounding conditions (favourable or stressing), and that those interactions can switch from unprofitable to beneficial.
Promising effects of 3rd line cyclophosphamide, adriamycin and vincristine (CAV) and 4th line ifosfamide and carboplatin chemotherapy in refractory small cell lung cancer
Authors: Jung Sang Ok , Kim Sun Young , Kim Ju‐Ock , Jung Sung Soo , Park Hee Sun , Moon Jae Young , Kim Sung Min , Lee Jeong Eun 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThird and fourth line chemotherapy agents are not helpful in the setting of extensive stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC). We describe the case of a 43‐year‐old Korean patient with T4N3M1b extensive stage SCLC who responded remarkably well to treatment and experienced a prolonged progression‐free survival (PFS) period following treatment with fourth line ifosfamide and carboplatin after experiencing disease progression with three previous regimens. Additionally, third line cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), and vincristine demonstrated long‐term PFS periods.
Remineralizing potential of CPP‐ACP creams with and without fluoride in artificial enamel lesions
Authors: Oliveira PRA , Fonseca ABM , Silva EM , Coutinho TCL , Tostes MA 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBackgroundThis study evaluated the effect of pastes containing casein phosphopeptide‐amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP‐ACP) with and without fluoride on enamel demineralization.MethodsHuman enamel blocks were used and after incipient caries‐like lesions were formed, they were assigned to four groups: G1 – saliva; G2 – MI Paste (RecaldentTM); G3 – MI Paste Plus (RecaldentTM 900 ppm as NaF); and G4 – Crest™ (1.100 ppm as NaF). The specimens were soaked in demineralizing solution for 6 hours and remineralized in artificial saliva for 18 hours alternatively for 10 days. The dentifrice was prepared with deionized water in a 1:3 proportion (w/w) or applied undiluted in the case of the CPP‐ACP formula. Demineralized enamel changes were analysed by surface microhardness (SMH), 3D‐profilometry and SEM. Data were analysed by non‐parametric Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney test comparisons and one‐way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD post hoc test (α = 0.05).ResultsThe SMH values observed in the G2 (47.8 ± 28.5) and G3 (53.6 ± 27.6) groups were different from that of G4 (90.2 ± 17.1), which were significantly higher than that found in G1 (39.4 ± 14.2). The %SMH was significantly lower in G4 when compared to G1 (p < 0.001) and G3 (p < 0.05).ConclusionsMI Paste Plus demonstrated a greater protective effect against demineralization than MI Paste and showed smoother surfaces.
Autism spectrum disorders: linking neuropathological findings to treatment with transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Casanova Manuel F. , Sokhadze Estate , Opris Ioan , Wang Yao , Li Xiaoli 
Published: January 2015

AbstractPostmortem studies in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) individuals indicate the presence of abnormalities within the peripheral neuropil space (PNS) of cortical minicolumns. The geometrical orientation of inhibitory elements within the PNS suggests using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to up‐regulate their activity. Several rTMS trials in ASD have shown marked improvements in motor symptomatology, attention and perceptual binding.Conclusion: rTMS is the first therapeutic attempt at ASD aimed at correcting some of its core pathology.
Teenagers and young adults with neurofibromatosis type 1 are more likely to experience loneliness than siblings without the illness
Authors: Ejerskov Cecilie , Lasgaard Mathias , Østergaard John R. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAimOur clinical observations raised concern that teenagers and young people with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) might feel lonely and we decided to investigate their experiences and compare them with unaffected siblings. We also assessed predictive factors of loneliness.MethodsWe evaluated 60 NF1 patients aged 17 (±3.1) years and 23 siblings aged 17 (±2.9) years with a self‐report questionnaire that assessed loneliness, depression, shyness, self‐esteem, social support, bullying and difficulties making friends. Objective assessments of NF1 disease severity and visibility and somatic NF1‐related and social support‐related variables were carried out. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed.ResultsOf the 60 patients with NF1, 11 (18%; CI: 8–28%) said that they felt lonely often or always and felt a higher degree of loneliness, but none of the siblings said that they felt lonely. Predictors of loneliness were depression, shyness, bullying, self‐perceived conception of illness burden and a low level of social support from friends.ConclusionTeenagers and young adults with NF1 experienced a higher prevalence and higher degree of loneliness than siblings of NF1 patients. As loneliness affects social, affective and cognitive functions, increased attention on loneliness and the predictive factors described in this study are required.