bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interface control domain decomposition methods for heterogeneous problems
Authors: Discacciati Marco , Gervasio Paola , Quarteroni Alfio 
Published: August 2014

SUMMARYThis paper is concerned with the solution of heterogeneous problems by the interface control domain decomposition (ICDD) method, a strategy introduced for the solution of partial differential equations in computational domains partitioned into subdomains that overlap. After reformulating the original boundary value problem by introducing new additional control variables, the unknown traces of the solution at internal subdomain interfaces; the latter are determined by requiring that the (a priori) independent solutions in each subdomain undergo the minimization of a suitable cost functional.We provide an abstract formulation for coupled heterogeneous problems and a general theorem of well‐posedness for the associated ICDD problem. Then, we illustrate and validate an efficient algorithm based on the solution of the Schur‐complement system restricted solely to the interface control variables by considering two kinds of heterogeneous boundary value problems: the coupling between pure advection and advection–diffusion equations and the coupling between Stokes and Darcy equations. In the latter case, we also compare the ICDD method with a classical approach based on the Beavers–Joseph–Saffman conditions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A water balance approach for quantifying subsurface exchange fluxes and associated errors in hill reservoirs in semiarid regions
Authors: Bouteffeha Maroua , Dages Cécile , Bouhlila Rachida , Molenat Jérôme 
Published: August 2014

AbstractHill reservoirs are rain water‐harvesting structures that have been increasingly adopted in arid and semi‐arid regions, such as North Africa, to capture and conserve runoff water and for use as alternative water resources in agricultural development. Currently, process‐based information on reservoir hydrology is needed to improve reservoir management practices.The study aims to develop an approach to estimate the reservoir–subsurface exchange flux and its associated error at the annual, monthly, and intra‐monthly time scales to better understand the hydrological functioning and dynamics of hill reservoirs. This approach is based on a hydrological water balance of the hill reservoir by considering all water input and output fluxes and their associated errors.The results demonstrate the ability and relevance of the approach in estimating the net reservoir–subsurface exchange flux and its error estimations at various time scales. Its application on the Kamech catchment (Northern Tunisia) for the 2009–2012 period demonstrates that the net reservoir–subsurface exchange flux is positive, i.e. the infiltration from the hill reservoir to the aquifer dominates over the discharge from the aquifer to the reservoir. Moreover, reservoir–subsurface exchange constitutes the main output component in the water balance. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cisplatin‐Induced Testicular Toxicity in Rats: The Protective Effect of Arjunolic Acid
Authors: Sherif Iman O. , Abdel‐Aziz Azza , Sarhan Osama M. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTIn the present study, the effect of arjunolic acid on testicular damage induced by intraperitoneal injection of rats with 7 mg/kg cisplatin was studied. Cisplatin induced a significant reduction in testicular weights, plasma testosterone, and testicular reduced glutathione levels in addition to a significant elevation of testicular malondialdehyde levels and testicular gene expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Lower tubular diameters and depletion of germ cells and irregular small seminiferous tubules with Sertoli cells only were observed in the cisplatin group. Arjunolic acid administration significantly corrected the changes in both biochemical and histopathological parameters. Arjunolic acid plays a significant protective role against cisplatin‐induced testicular injury by attenuating oxidative stress parameters along with downregulation of iNOS, TNF‐α, and p38‐MAPK testicular expressions.
A Complete Solution to Spectrum Problem for Five‐Vertex Graphs with Application to Traffic Grooming in Optical Networks
Authors: Ge Gennian , Hu Sihuang , Kolotoğlu Emre , Wei Hengjia 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA G‐design of order n is a decomposition of the complete graph on n vertices into edge‐disjoint subgraphs isomorphic to G. Grooming uniform all‐to‐all traffic in optical ring networks with grooming ratio C requires the determination of graph decompositions of the complete graph on n vertices into subgraphs each having at most C edges. The drop cost of such a grooming is the total number of vertices of nonzero degree in these subgraphs, and the grooming is optimal when the drop cost is minimum. The existence spectrum problem of G‐designs for five‐vertex graphs is a long standing problem posed by Bermond, Huang, Rosa and Sotteau in 1980, which is closely related to traffic groomings in optical networks. Although considerable progress has been made over the past 30 years, the existence problems for such G‐designs and their related traffic groomings in optical networks are far from complete. In this paper, we first give a complete solution to this spectrum problem for five‐vertex graphs by eliminating all the undetermined possible exceptions. Then, we determine almost completely the minimum drop cost of 8‐groomings for all orders n by reducing the 37 possible exceptions to 8. Finally, we show the minimum possible drop cost of 9‐groomings for all orders n is realizable with 14 exceptions and 12 possible exceptions.
Fibroadenomatosis involving bilateral breasts and axillary accessory breast tissues in a renal transplant recipient given cyclosporin A
Authors: Bulakci Mesut , Gocmez Ahmet , Demir Ali Aslan , Salmaslioglu Artur , Tukenmez Mustafa , Yavuz Ekrem , Acunas Gulden 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTWe present the mammographic and sonographic findings in a case of fibroadenomatosis involving both breasts and axillae in a renal transplant patient after 16 years of treatment with cyclosporin A. Awareness of the fact that cyclosporin A may induce the formation of fibroadenomas, including in accessory breast tissue, is important for correct diagnosis and preventing unnecessary intervention. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 42:495–497, 2014
Laparoscopic hepatectomy is theoretically better than open hepatectomy: preparing for the 2nd International Consensus Conference on Laparoscopic Liver Resection
Authors: Wakabayashi Go , Cherqui Daniel , Geller David A. , Han Ho‐Seong , Kaneko Hironori , Buell Joseph F. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract Six years have passed since the first International Consensus Conference on Laparoscopic Liver Resection was held. This comparatively new surgical technique has evolved since then and is rapidly being adopted worldwide. We compared the theoretical differences between open and laparoscopic liver resection, using right hepatectomy as an example. We also searched the Cochrane Library using the keyword “laparoscopic liver resection.” The papers retrieved through the search were reviewed, categorized, and applied to the clinical questions that will be discussed at the 2nd Consensus Conference. The laparoscopic hepatectomy procedure is more difficult to master than the open hepatectomy procedure because of the movement restrictions imposed upon us when we operate from outside the body cavity. However, good visibility of the operative field around the liver, which is located beneath the costal arch, and the magnifying provide for neat transection of the hepatic parenchyma. Another theoretical advantage is that pneumoperitoneum pressure reduces hemorrhage from the hepatic vein. The literature search turned up 67 papers, 23 of which we excluded, leaving only 44. Two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are underway, but their results are yet to be published. Most of the studies (n = 15) concerned short‐term results, with some addressing long‐term results (n = 7), cost (n = 6), energy devices (n = 4), and so on. Laparoscopic hepatectomy is theoretically superior to open hepatectomy in terms of good visibility of the operative field due to the magnifying effect and reduced hemorrhage from the hepatic vein due to pneumoperitoneum pressure. However, there is as yet no evidence from previous studies to back this up in terms of short‐term and long‐term results. The 2nd International Consensus Conference on Laparoscopic Liver Resection will arrive at a consensus on the basis of the best available evidence, with video presentations focusing on surgical techniques and the publication of guidelines for the standardization of procedures based on the experience of experts.
Variations in 30‐day hospital readmission rates across primary care clinics within a tertiary referral center
Authors: Tang Ning , Maselli Judith H. , Gonzales Ralph 
Published: August 2014

BACKGROUNDReducing hospital readmissions is a national healthcare priority. Little is known about how readmission rates vary across unique primary care practices.OBJECTIVETo calculate all‐cause 30‐day hospital readmission rates at the level of individual primary care practices and identify factors associated with variations in these rates.DESIGNRetrospective analysisSETTINGSeven primary care clinics affiliated with the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF).PATIENTSAdults ≥18 years old with a primary care provider (PCP) at UCSFMEASUREMENTSAll‐cause 30‐day readmission rates were calculated for primary care clinics for discharges between July 1, 2009 and June 30, 2012. We built a model to identify demographic, clinical, and hospital factors associated with variation in rates.RESULTSThere were 12,564 discharges for patients belonging to the 7 clinics, with 8685 index discharges and 1032 readmissions. Readmission rates varied across practices, from 14.9% in Human Immunodeficiency Virus primary care and 7.7% in women's health. In multivariable analyses, factors associated with variation in readmission rates included: male gender (odds ratio [OR]: 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.40), Medicare insurance (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.64; Ref = private), Medicare‐Medicaid dual eligible (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.01–1.56), multiple comorbidities, and admitting services. Patients with a departed PCP awaiting transfer assignment to a new PCP had an OR of 1.59 (95% CI: 1.16–2.17) compared with having a current faculty PCP.CONCLUSIONSPrimary care practices are important partners in improving care transitions and reducing hospital readmissions, and this study introduces a new way to view readmission rates. PCP turnover may be an important risk factor for hospital readmissions. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2014;9:688–694. © 2014 Society of Hospital Medicine
Tibial articular cartilage and meniscus geometries combine to influence female risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury
Authors: Sturnick Daniel R. , Van Gorder Robert , Vacek Pamela M. , DeSarno Michael J. , Gardner‐Morse Mack G. , Tourville Timothy W. , Slauterbeck James R. , Johnson Robert J. , Shultz Sandra J. , Beynnon Bruce D. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractTibial plateau subchondral bone geometry has been associated with the risk of sustaining a non‐contact ACL injury; however, little is known regarding the influence of the meniscus and articular cartilage interface geometry on risk. We hypothesized that geometries of the tibial plateau articular cartilage surface and meniscus were individually associated with the risk of non‐contact ACL injury. In addition, we hypothesized that the associations were independent of the underlying subchondral bone geometry. MRI scans were acquired on 88 subjects that suffered non‐contact ACL injuries (27 males, 61 females) and 88 matched control subjects that were selected from the injured subject's teammates and were thus matched on sex, sport, level of play, and exposure to risk of injury. Multivariate analysis of the female data revealed that increased posterior‐inferior directed slope of the middle articular cartilage region and decreased height of the posterior horn of the meniscus in the lateral compartment were associated with increased risk of sustaining a first time, non‐contact ACL injury, independent of each other and of the slope of the tibial plateau subchondral bone. No measures were independently related to risk of non‐contact ACL injury among males. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:1487–1494, 2014.
Preparation of Nanocomposites of Polypropylene with Carbon Nanotubes via Masterbatches Produced by In Situ Polymerization and by Melt Extrusion
Authors: Araujo Rafael S. , Oliveira Renato J. B. , de Fátima V. Marques Maria 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn the present study, a new polypropylene (PP)/multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) masterbatch is synthesized by in situ polymerization and compared with a masterbatch obtained by melt mixing. Both masterbatches are used for the realization of PP/MWCNT nanocomposites by mixing with a commercial PP in a laboratory extruder. It is shown that the use of masterbatch synthesized in situ allows providing additional enhanced thermal stability and mechanical properties. Samples are characterized according to their thermo dynamic‐mechanical properties, thermal stability, and degree of crystallinity, as well as by scanning electron microscopy. DMA analysis shows that there is a sharp increase in both storage and loss moduli of materials even with very low CNT content, in comparison with the neat PP. By means of thermogravimetric analysis, it is found that the thermal stability of nanocomposites is also increased. Furthermore, the degree of crystallinity of the materials containing CNTs is increased to higher value than that of neat PP, suggesting that the carbon nanotubes act as nucleating agent. A sharper increase ofXcis observed in the composites with low CNT content prepared in the method using melt‐masterbatch, suggesting that there are more agglomerations of CNTs in this material.
Modeling of RAFT Polymerization using Probability Generating Functions. Detailed Prediction of Full Molecular Weight Distributions and Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Fortunatti Cecilia , Sarmoria Claudia , Brandolin Adriana , Asteasuain Mariano 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA mathematical model of RAFT polymerization processes is presented capable of predicting the full molecular weight distribution (MWD) through the use of probability generating functions (pgf). The bivariate distribution of the intermediate RAFT species is calculated. The model is able to work with the three kinetic mechanisms currently under discussion for explaining the observed behavior of this type of polymerization. For comparison purposes, the population balances are also solved by direct integration of the resulting equations. The results show that the pgf technique allows obtaining accurate solutions with very small computational times for systems of any average molecular weight. Spurious oscillations observed in the high molecular weight tail of the MWD can be easily disregarded. A sensitivity analysis over several of the kinetic constants is also performed, showing the effects of changing their values over several orders of magnitude. This analysis aims to showcase the enormous potential of the pgf technique for modeling and optimization of complex polymerization kinetics.
Identification of Phenanthrene Derivatives in Aerides rosea (Orchidaceae) Using the Combined Systems HPLC–ESI–HRMS/MS and HPLC–DAD–MS–SPE–UV–NMR
Authors: Cakova Veronika , Urbain Aurélie , Antheaume Cyril , Rimlinger Nicole , Wehrung Patrick , Bonté Frédéric , Lobstein Annelise 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTIntroductionIn our continued efforts to contribute to the general knowledge on the chemical diversity of orchids, we have decided to focus our investigations on the Aeridinae subtribe. Following our previous phytochemical study of Vanda coerulea, which has led to the identification of phenanthrene derivatives, a closely related species, Aerides rosea Lodd. ex Lindl. & Paxton, was chosen for investigation.ObjectiveTo identify new secondary metabolites, and to avoid isolation of those already known, by means of the combined systems HPLC–DAD(diode‐array detector) with high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry (HRMS/MS) and HPLC–DAD–MS–SPE(solid‐phase extraction)–UV–NMR.MethodsA dereplication strategy was developed using a HPLC–DAD–HRMS/MS targeted method and applied to fractions from A. rosea stem extract. Characterisation of unknown minor compounds was then performed using the combined HPLC–DAD–MS–SPE–UV–NMR system.ResultsThe dereplication method allowed the characterisation of four compounds (gigantol, imbricatin, methoxycoelonin and coelonin), previously isolated from Vanda coerulea stem extract. The analyses of two fractions permitted the identification of five additional minor constituents including one phenanthropyran, two phenanthrene and two dihydrophenanthrene derivatives. The full set of NMR data of each compound was obtained from microgram quantities.ConclusionNine secondary metabolites were characterised in A. rosea stems, utilising HPLC systems combined with high‐resolution analytical systems. Two of them are newly described phenanthrene derivatives: aerosanthrene (5‐methoxyphenanthrene‐2,3,7‐triol) and aerosin (3‐methoxy‐9,10‐dihydro‐2,5,7‐phenanthrenetriol). Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intranasal NAP (davunetide) decreases tau hyperphosphorylation and moderately improves behavioral deficits in mice overexpressing α‐synuclein
Authors: Magen Iddo , Ostritsky Regina , Richter Franziska , Zhu Chunni , Fleming Sheila M. , Lemesre Vincent , Stewart Alistair J. , Morimoto Bruce H. , Gozes Illana , Chesselet Marie‐Françoise 
Published: August 2014

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies have identified strong associations between the risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD) and polymorphisms in the genes encoding α‐synuclein and the microtubule‐associated protein tau. However, the contribution of tau and its phosphorylated form (p‐tau) to α‐synuclein‐induced pathology and neuronal dysfunction remains controversial. We have assessed the effects of NAP (davunetide), an eight‐amino acid peptide that decreases tau hyperphosphorylation, in mice overexpressing wild‐type human α‐synuclein (Thy1‐aSyn mice), a model that recapitulates aspects of PD. We found that the p‐tau/tau level increased in a subcortical tissue block that includes the striatum and brain stem, and in the cerebellum of the Thy1‐aSyn mice compared to nontransgenic controls. Intermittent intranasal NAP administration at 2 μg/mouse per day, 5 days a week, for 24 weeks, starting at 4 weeks of age, significantly decreased the ratio of p‐tau/tau levels in the subcortical region while a higher dose of 15 μg/mouse per day induced a decrease in p‐tau/tau levels in the cerebellum. Both NAP doses reduced hyperactivity, improved habituation to a novel environment, and reduced olfactory deficits in the Thy1‐aSyn mice, but neither dose improved the severe deficits of motor coordination observed on the challenging beam and pole, contrasting with previous data obtained with continuous daily administration of the drug. The data reveal novel effects of NAP on brain p‐tau/tau and behavioral outcomes in this model of synucleinopathy and suggest that sustained exposure to NAP may be necessary for maximal benefits.
Data worth and prediction uncertainty for pesticide transport and fate models in Nebraska and Maryland, United States
Authors: Nolan Bernard T , Malone Robert W , Doherty John E , Barbash Jack E , Ma Liwang , Shaner Dale L 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDComplex environmental models are frequently extrapolated to overcome data limitations in space and time, but quantifying data worth to such models is rarely attempted. The authors determined which field observations most informed the parameters of agricultural system models applied to field sites in Nebraska (NE) and Maryland (MD), and identified parameters and observations that most influenced prediction uncertainty.RESULTSThe standard error of regression of the calibrated models was about the same at both NE (0.59) and MD (0.58), and overall reductions in prediction uncertainties of metolachlor and metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid concentrations were 98.0 and 98.6% respectively. Observation data groups reduced the prediction uncertainty by 55–90% at NE and by 28–96% at MD. Soil hydraulic parameters were well informed by the observed data at both sites, but pesticide and macropore properties had comparatively larger contributions after model calibration.CONCLUSIONSAlthough the observed data were sparse, they substantially reduced prediction uncertainty in unsampled regions of pesticide breakthrough curves. Nitrate evidently functioned as a surrogate for soil hydraulic data in well‐drained loam soils conducive to conservative transport of nitrogen. Pesticide properties and macropore parameters could most benefit from improved characterization further to reduce model misfit and prediction uncertainty. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Robust Data Fusion of Multimodal Sensory Information for Mobile Robots
Authors: Kubelka Vladimír , Oswald Lorenz , Pomerleau François , Colas Francis , Svoboda Tomáš , Reinstein Michal 
Published: August 2014

Urban search and rescue (USAR) missions for mobile robots require reliable state estimation systems resilient to conditions given by the dynamically changing environment. We design and evaluate a data fusion system for localization of a mobile skid‐steer robot intended for USAR missions. We exploit a rich sensor suite including both proprioceptive (inertial measurement unit and tracks odometry) and exteroceptive sensors (omnidirectional camera and rotating laser rangefinder). To cope with the specificities of each sensing modality (such as significantly differing sampling frequencies), we introduce a novel fusion scheme based on an extended Kalman filter for six degree of freedom orientation and position estimation. We demonstrate the performance on field tests of more than 4.4 km driven under standard USAR conditions. Part of our datasets include ground truth positioning, indoor with a Vicon motion capture system and outdoor with a Leica theodolite tracker. The overall median accuracy of localization—achieved by combining all four modalities—was 1.2% and 1.4% of the total distance traveled for indoor and outdoor environments, respectively. To identify the true limits of the proposed data fusion, we propose and employ a novel experimental evaluation procedure based on failure case scenarios. In this way, we address the common issues such as slippage, reduced camera field of view, and limited laser rangefinder range, together with moving obstacles spoiling the metric map. We believe such a characterization of the failure cases is a first step toward identifying the behavior of state estimation under such conditions. We release all our datasets to the robotics community for possible benchmarking.
Illegitimate Tasks and Sleep Quality: An Ambulatory Study
Authors: Pereira Diana , Semmer Norbert K. , Elfering Achim 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe current study investigated the short‐term effect of illegitimate tasks on sleep quality, assessed by actigraphy. Seventy‐six employees of different service jobs participated in a 2‐week data collection. Data were analysed by way of multilevel analyses. As predicted, illegitimate tasks were positively related to sleep fragmentation and sleep‐onset latency, but not to sleep efficiency and not to sleep duration. Time pressure, social stressors at work and at home, and the value of the dependent variable from the previous day were controlled. Results confirm the predictive power of illegitimate tasks for a variable that can be considered crucial in the development of long‐term outcomes of daily experiences. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.