bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental implant surface treatments may modulate cytokine secretion in Porphyromonas gingivalis‐stimulated human gingival fibroblasts: A comparative study
Authors: Stavroullakis Alexander , Brito Carlos , Chen Hong Yang , Bajenova Elena , Prakki Anuradha , Nogueira‐Filho Getulio 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPeri‐implantitis is an inflammation that affects dental implants and can lead to implant loss. The aim of this study was to analyze the in vitro effect of different implant surface treatments on cytokine production by human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) stimulated or not with Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (PgLPS). Six different titanium implants were tested: turned, sandblasted, anodized, acid‐etched, TiO2‐blasted/acid‐etched, and grit‐blasted/acid‐etched. HGFs were seeded with each implant in a 6‐well plate and assayed before LPS treatment (−LPS) or after 36 h of LPS (+LPS) treatment. Protein concentrations were measured using a Pierce bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay and cytokine secretions were analyzed using a multiplex cytokine array. Scanning electron microscopy was performed for sterile implants and after cell attachment. Protein levels were consistent across all implants indicating that cell growth was uniform (p > 0.05). Sandblasted and turned surfaces significantly increased the secretion of interleukin (IL)−6, −8, −10, MCP‐1 and VEGF (p < 0.05) when compared with the other surfaces. PgLPS stimulus increased cytokine secretion in all tested surfaces. In conclusion, different implant surfaces had various effects on HGFs' cytokine secretion. The findings may provide insights into the progression of peri‐implantitis. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 1131–1140, 2015.
Development of a sutureless dural substitute from Bombyx mori silk fibroin
Authors: Flanagan Kelly E. , Tien Lee W. , Elia Roberto , Wu Julian , Kaplan David 
Published: June 2014

AbstractSilk solvent casting, electrospinning, and electrogelation techniques were used to create a biodegradable, biocompatible silk fibroin dural substitute. The all‐silk system was designed and produced to improve on currently available materials, grafts and tissue sealants used for dural closure in neurosurgery. The silk biomaterial was successfully fabricated as a dual layer adhesive system designed to seal durotomies while also functioning as a dural regeneration scaffold. The mechanical characteristics, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and hydrodynamic sealing capability of the material were evaluated. Results showed that the biomaterial was biocompatible with neural cells and fibroblasts, had mechanical properties mimicking the natural dura, was biodegradable with controllable degradation, and was able to seal against a hydrodynamic pressure of 205 mmHg, which greatly exceeds the maximum cerebrospinal fluid pressure seen in both cranial and spinal dural closures of 50 mmHg. Based on its design and experimental results, the adhesive silk dual layer composite biomaterial shows potential as a sutureless dural repair system that would improve on current dural closure techniques. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 485–494, 2015.
Surface modification of coronary stents with SiCOH plasma nanocoatings for improving endothelialization and anticoagulation
Authors: Zhang Qin , Shen Yang , Tang Chaojun , Wu Xue , Yu Qingsong , Wang Guixue 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe surface properties of intravascular stent play a crucial role in preventing in‐stent restenosis (ISR). In this study, SiCOH plasma nanocoatings were used to modify the surfaces of intravascular stents to improve their endothelialization and anticoagulation properties. SiCOH plasma nanocoatings with thickness of 30–40 nm were deposited by low‐temperature plasmas from a gas mixture of trimethysilane (TMS) and oxygen at different TMS:O2 ratios. Water contact angle measurements showed that the SiCOH plasma nanocoating surfaces prepared from TMS:O2 = 1:4 are hydrophilic with contact angle of 29.5 ± 1.9°. The SiCOH plasma nanocoated 316L stainless steel (316L SS) wafers were first characterized by in vitro adhesion tests for blood platelets and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The in vitro test results showed that the SiCOH plasma nanocoatings prepared from TMS:O2 = 1:4 had excellent hemo‐ and cytocompatibility. With uncoated 316L SS stents as the control, the SiCOH plasma nanocoated 316L SS stents were implanted into rabbit abdominal artery model for in vivo evaluation of re‐endothelialization and ISR inhibition. After implantation for 12 weeks, the animals testing results showed that the SiCOH plasma nanocoatings accelerated re‐endothelialization and inhibited ISR with lumen reduction of 26.3 ± 10.1%, which were considerably less than the 41.9 ± 11.6% lumen reduction from the uncoated control group. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 464–472, 2015.
Regiochemistry‐Aligned Copolymerization of Propylene with p‐Methylstyrene and 1,4‐Diviny­lbenzene Using an ansa‐Metallocene Catalyst
Authors: Dong Cheng , Wang Ning , Qin Yawei , Niu Hui , Dong Jin‐Young 
Published: June 2014

Copolymerization of propylene with styrenic α‐olefin monomers is rare with C2‐symmetric ansa‐metallocene‐type catalysts, which are the dominant single‐site catalysts for isospecific propylene polymerization. This makes it difficult to obtain compositionally narrow‐distributed reactive polypropylene with isotactic stereoregularity (iPP) bearing benzyl and styryl moieties, which are important precursors for iPP functionalization. In this paper, rac‐CH2(3‐t‐Bu‐1‐Ind)2ZrCl2 is paired with methylaluminoxane (MAO) and used in copolymerization of propylene with p‐methyl­styrene (p‐MS) and 1,4‐divinylbenzene (DVB). Due to the unified primary regiochemistry of the catalyst toward both propylene and the styrenic monomers, both copolymerizations are viable, with the incorporation of the styrenic monomers not disastrously decreasing the catalyst activity. The fingerprint primary–primary consecutive sequences of propylene and p‐MS/DVB are clearly identified by 13C NMR. As high as 1.37 mol% of p‐MS and 0.93 mol% of DVB are incorporated into iPP at fairly high catalyst activities. It is noteworthy that DVB is incorporated with a selective mono‐enchainment mode, leaving iPP with pendant styryl groups on the linear backbone. Both the iPP/p‐MS and iPP/DVB copolymers show narrow molecular weight distributions (<3), indicating a single‐site characteristic of the copolymerizations. Overall, copolymerization of propylene with p‐MS and DVB with a C2‐symmetric ansa‐metallocene catalyst is made possible by unification of the insertion regiochemistry of the comonomers.
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Shaking on Standing: A Critical Review
Authors: Erro Roberto , Bhatia Kailash P. , Cordivari Carla 
Published: June 2014

AbstractOrthostatic tremor is a rare condition, though its exact prevalence is unknown, which is clinically characterized by a feeling of unsteadiness or being about to fall on standing and which disappears on walking, sitting, or lying down. It is generally accepted that classic orthostatic tremor manifests with a high‐frequency tremor (>13 Hz) of the legs when standing. However, a number of patients initially reported as orthostatic tremor did not actually have such electrophysiological features. It is our experience that there is a clinical spectrum of different conditions presenting as shaking on standing, and this highlights the importance of the electrophysiology to aid the differential diagnosis of these disorders. Here, we provide a critical review of the clinical spectrum of shaking on standing, along with demonstrative electrophysiological recordings of some of these conditions.
An offline–online homogenization strategy to solve quasilinear two‐scale problems at the cost of one‐scale problems
Authors: Abdulle A. , Bai Y. , Vilmart G. 
Published: June 2014

SUMMARYA simple and concise finite element algorithm for the reliable and efficient resolution of nonlinear elliptic or parabolic multiscale problems of nonmonotone type is presented. Our method, based on a macroscopic and a microscopic discretization, combines reduced‐order modeling techniques with numerical homogenization. By precomputing a low dimensional reduced basis for the solution of the cell problems, one drastically reduces the cost of the iteration scheme at the macroscopic level, which become similar to the cost of solving a single scale nonlinear problem. A crucial step of our algorithm is in the selection of the reduced basis performed in an offline stage. This selection procedure relies on a new a posteriori nonlinear estimator. Both the offline and online costs are independent of the smallest scale in the physical problem. The performance and accuracy of the algorithm are illustrated on 2D and 3D stationary and evolutionary nonlinear multiscale problems.Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A coupled FEM/DEM approach for hierarchical multiscale modelling of granular media
Authors: Guo Ning , Zhao Jidong 
Published: June 2014

SUMMARYA hierarchical multiscale framework is proposed to model the mechanical behaviour of granular media. The framework employs a rigorous hierarchical coupling between the FEM and the discrete element method (DEM). To solve a BVP, the FEM is used to discretise the macroscopic geometric domain into an FEM mesh. A DEM assembly with memory of its loading history is embedded at each Gauss integration point of the mesh to serve as the representative volume element (RVE). The DEM assembly receives the global deformation at its Gauss point from the FEM as input boundary conditions and is solved to derive the required constitutive relation at the specific material point to advance the FEM computation. The DEM computation employs simple physically based contact laws in conjunction with Coulomb's friction for interparticle contacts to capture the loading‐history dependence and highly nonlinear dissipative response of a granular material. The hierarchical scheme helps to avoid the phenomenological assumptions on constitutive relation in conventional continuum modelling and retains the computational efficiency of FEM in solving large‐scale BVPs. The hierarchical structure also makes it ideal for distributed parallel computing to fully unleash its predictive power. Importantly, the framework offers rich information on the particle level with direct link to the macroscopic material response, which helps to shed lights on cross‐scale understanding of granular media. The developed framework is first benchmarked by a simulation of single‐element drained test and is then applied to the predictions of strain localisation for sand subject to monotonic biaxial compression, as well as the liquefaction and cyclic mobility of sand in cyclic simple shear tests. It is demonstrated that the proposed method may reproduce interesting experimental observations that are otherwise difficult to be captured by conventional FEM or pure DEM simulations, such as the inception of shear band under smooth symmetric boundary conditions, non‐coaxial granular response, large dilation and rotation at the edges of shear band and critical state reached within the shear band. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Downregulation of lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of morbidly obese women
Authors: Auguet Teresa , Guiu‐Jurado Esther , Berlanga Alba , Terra Ximena , Martinez Salomé , Porras José Antonio , Ceausu Andra , Sabench Fátima , Hernandez Mercé , Aguilar Carmen , Sirvent Joan Josep , Castillo Daniel Del , Richart Cristóbal 
Published: June 2014

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to analyse the expression of crucial genes in fatty acid metabolism in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue samples from morbidly obese women.MethodsThe VAT and SAT expression of key genes in 145 morbidly obese women (MO, BMI > 40 Kg/m2) and 18 normal weight control women by RT‐PCR and Western Blot was analyzed.ResultsIn SAT, the expression levels of the genes related to lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation were significantly lower in MO than in controls. In VAT, most of the lipogenic genes studied had similar expression levels in MO and control cohort. Regarding inflammation, IL6 was significantly higher in MO in both tissues whereas TNFα mRNA expression was significantly higher only in VAT.ConclusionsOur results indicate that in morbidly obese patients, lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation are downregulated in SAT, whereas in VAT these pathways are almost unchanged. By contrast, inflammation is induced in both adipose tissues. It is hypothesized that, in this type of extreme obesity, SAT works to limit any further development of fat mass, decreasing the expression of lipogenic and FA oxidative genes whereas VAT depot might have lost this capability.
Pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A regulates mitosis and is epigenetically silenced in breast cancer
Authors: Loddo Marco , Andryszkiewicz Joanna , Rodriguez‐Acebes Sara , Stoeber Kai , Jones Allison , Dafou Dimitra , Apostolidou Sophia , Wollenschlaeger Alex , Widschwendter Martin , Sainsbury Richard , Tudzarova Slavica , Williams Gareth Haydn 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAberrant mitosis is a common feature of cancer, yet little is known about the altered genes causing mitotic defects. We screened human tumours for cells with morphological signatures of highly specific mitotic defects previously assigned to candidate genes in a genome‐wide RNA interference screen carried out in HeLa cells (www.mitocheck.org). We discovered a striking enrichment of early mitotic configurations indicative of prophase/prometaphase delay in breast cancer. Promoter methylation analysis of MitoCheck candidate genes assigned to the corresponding 'mitotic delay' class linked this defect to epigenetic silencing of the gene encoding pregnancy‐associated plasma protein‐A (PAPPA), a secreted protease. PAPPA silencing was highly prevalent in precursor lesions and invasive breast cancer. Experimental manipulation of PAPPA protein levels in human mammary epithelial cells and in breast cancer cell lines demonstrates that progression through early mitosis is dependent on PAPPA function, and that breast cancer cells become more invasive after down‐regulation of this protease. PAPPA regulates mitotic progression through modulating the IGF‐1 signalling pathway resulting in activation of the forkhead transcription factor FoxM1, which drives a transcriptional cluster of essential mitotic genes. Our results show that PAPPA has a critical function in normal cell division and is targeted early in breast cancer development. Copyright © 2014 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
N‐glycoprotein surfaceomes of four developmentally distinct mouse cell types
Authors: Kropp Erin M. , Bhattacharya Subarna , Waas Matthew , Chuppa Sandra L. , Hadjantonakis Anna‐Katerina , Boheler Kenneth R. , Gundry Rebekah L. 
Published: June 2014

PurposeDetailed knowledge of cell surface proteins present during early embryonic development remains limited for most cell lineages. Due to the relevance of cell surface proteins in their functional roles controlling cell signaling and their utility as accessible, nongenetic markers for cell identification and sorting, the goal of this study was to provide new information regarding the cell surface proteins present during early mouse embryonic development.Experimental DesignUsing the cell surface capture technology, the cell surface N‐glycoproteomes of three cell lines and one in vitro differentiated cell type representing distinct cell fates and stages in mouse embryogenesis were assessed.ResultsAltogether, more than 600 cell surface N‐glycoproteins were identified represented by >5500 N‐glycopeptides.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThe development of new, informative cell surface markers for the reliable identification and isolation of functionally defined subsets of cells from early developmental stages will advance the use of stem cell technologies for mechanistic developmental studies, including disease modeling and drug discovery.
Functional Limitations due to Fatigue Among Independently Ambulant Stroke Survivors in Osun, South‐Western Nigeria
Authors: Obembe Adebimpe O. , Olaogun Matthew M. , Olalemi Alaba E. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackground and purposeFunctional limitations in stroke survivors are sometimes associated with fatigue. This study assessed the functional limitations due to fatigue in community‐dwelling stroke survivors undergoing physiotherapy. The differences in functional limitations due to fatigue were determined between sexes, stroke types, sides of affectation, age categories and levels of disability. Relationships between functional limitation due to fatigue and these variables were also determined.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study involving 63 stroke survivors (35 male survivors and 28 female survivors) with ages ranging from 45 to 79 years (mean = 53.68 ± 10.95 years). Functional limitation due to fatigue was assessed with the modified fatigue impact scale (MFIS). Modified Rankin scale was used to categorize the disability of the participants. Data were analysed using descriptive (mean, standard deviation, percentage and frequency) and inferential (Mann–Whitney U‐test and Spearman correlation analysis) statistics. Significance was set at 0.05 α level.Results/findingsThe mean MFIS score was 31.74 ± 12.39. Many participants (58.7%) had moderate functional limitations due to fatigue. The result of Mann–Whitney U‐test showed significant difference in functional limitation due to fatigue between participants with slight disability and those with moderate disability (p = 0.000), with participants with moderate disability having higher MFIS scores (more functional limitations). There was also a significant correlation between functional limitation due to fatigue and level of disability (ρ = 0.625, p = 0.000).DiscussionFunctional limitation due to fatigue occurs frequently in stroke survivors and is related to level of disability. Functional limitations due to fatigue should be assessed frequently in all stroke survivors with varying degrees of disability and the outcome should be considered during rehabilitation and retraining of physical function. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of the SHH gene in prostate cancer cell resistance to paclitaxel
Authors: Statkiewicz Malgorzata , Maryan Natalia , Lipiec Agnieszka , Grecka Emilia , Grygorowicz Monika A. , Omiotek Marcin , Gorska Agnieszka , Mikula Michal , Malecki Maciej 
Published: June 2014

BACKGROUNDThe increased activity of the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pathway has been demonstrated in many types of cancer including prostate cancer (PCa). It has been shown that SHH pathway is involved in tumor angiogenesis and in regulation of metabolism of cancer stem cells. The increased activity of the SHH pathway is responsible for generation and maintenance of the multidrug resistance in cancer cells. A key role in the development of this insensitivity to cytotoxic drugs play ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporters.METHODSSHH encoding plasmid was stably transfected into PCa cell lines DU145 and LNCaP. The expression of SHH was silenced by shRNA and the level of SHH was tested by quantitative (q)PCR and western blot methods. The effect of SHH overexpression in cells after treatment with paclitaxel was measured by MTT assay, crystal violet assay and flow cytometry. The level of 44 ABC transporters was estimated by qPCR.RESULTSExpression of exogenous SHH protein in DU145 and LNCaP cell lines enhanced their resistance to paclitaxel along with increased expression of ABC transporters transcripts. Paclitaxel treatment further enhanced the expression of increased ABC transporters transcripts in cells overexpressing SHH.CONCLUSIONSOverexpression of SHH enhances PCa cell lines resistance to paclitaxel. Higher level of SHH leads to increase in ABC transporters expression in a manner dependent on paclitaxel. Prostate 74:1142–1152, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PDE10A inhibitors stimulate or suppress motor behavior dependent on the relative activation state of the direct and indirect striatal output pathways
Authors: Megens Anton A. H. P. , Hendrickx Herman M. R. , Mahieu Michel M. A. , Wellens Annemie L. Y. , de Boer Peter , Vanhoof Greet 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe enzyme phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) regulates the activity of striatal, medium spiny neurons (MSNs), which are divided into a behaviorally stimulating, Gs‐coupled D1 receptor‐expressing “direct” pathway and a behaviorally suppressant, Gi‐coupled D2 receptor‐expressing “indirect” pathway. Activating both pathways, PDE10A inhibitors (PDE10AIs) combine functional characteristics of D2 antagonists and D1 agonists. While the effects of PDE10AIs on spontaneous and stimulated behavior have been extensively reported, the present study investigates their effects on suppressed behavior under various conditions of reduced dopaminergic neurotransmission: blockade of D1 receptors with SCH‐23390, blockade of D2 receptors with haloperidol, or depletion of dopamine with RO‐4‐1284 or reserpine. In rats, PDE10AIs displayed relatively low cataleptic activity per se. After blocking D1 receptors, however, they induced pronounced catalepsy at low doses close to those required for inhibition of apomorphine‐induced behavior; slightly higher doses resulted in behavioral stimulant effects, counteracting the catalepsy. PDE10AIs also counteracted catalepsy and related behaviors induced by D2 receptor blockade or dopamine depletion; catalepsy was replaced by behavioral stimulant effects under the latter but not the former condition. Similar interactions were observed at the level of locomotion in mice. At doses close to those inhibiting d‐amphetamine‐induced hyperlocomotion, PDE10AIs reversed hypolocomotion induced by D1 receptor blockade or dopamine depletion but not hypolocomotion induced by D2 receptor blockade. It is concluded that PDE10AIs stimulate or inhibit motor behavior dependent on the relative activation state of the direct and indirect striatal output pathways.
Linking Stream Sediment Deposition and Aquatic Habitat Quality in Pearl Mussel Streams: Implications for Conservation
Authors: Denic M. , Geist J. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe introduction of fine sediments into streams is considered to have a major effect on habitat quality affecting the reproduction of sensitive species such as unionid mussels and salmonid fishes. To date, there is a lack of information on the magnitude and spatio‐temporal resolution of sediment introduction.This study aimed to quantify the spatio‐temporal deposition of fine sediments in headwater streams in relation to the status of Margaritifera margaritifera and Salmo trutta. Fine sediment deposition was linked to physicochemical conditions of the adjacent streambed.The mean observed deposition of fine sediments over the study period was 3.4 kg m−2 month−1 with a high spatio‐temporal variation ranging from <0.01 to 20.3 kg m−2 month−1. Discharge had the strongest influence on deposition rates.Mean differences in redox potential between free‐flowing water and the interstitial zone were 90 mV. The spatio‐temporal variability of physicochemical parameters increased with degree of degradation. High‐quality reaches had more constant conditions.Our results indicate that monitoring of sediment quality and deposition in streams has to comprise several time points and study reaches, or should at least be conducted during periods with the most adverse habitat conditions, to allow valid assessments of habitat quality. In streams with increased fine sediment deposition, in‐stream restoration measures are insufficient for the enhancement of pearl mussel habitats as a result of rapid clogging of interstitial pores. Only integrative catchment management based on detailed habitat analysis can ensure sufficient habitat quality for species sensitive to siltation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.