bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Newly qualified nurses' experiences of a preceptorship
Authors: Lewis Salliann , McGowan Brian 
Published: December 2014

Research Question: What was the experience of preceptorship like for newly qualified registered nurses in a healthcare trust? Method: A qualitative approach was used with data collected using semi-structured one-to-one interviews with eight participants who had recently completed their preceptorship period. The data was analysed using Newell and Burnard's (2011) Pragmatic Approach to Qualitative Data Analysis, which involved a six-stage analysis process. Findings: Two main categories emerged from the data. These were Support Requirements and Expectations of Preceptorship. Support was further broken down into two themes: time and build confidence. Expectations of preceptorship was further broken down into two themes; understanding the process and understanding the preceptor's role. Conclusion: The participants felt that preceptorship offered support and helped them in developing their confidence in the transition to registrant. It would appear that consistency of provision of preceptorship is a key issue that would warrant further study.
The effectiveness of training in the Parent-Infant Interaction Observation Scale for health visitors
Authors: Svanberg P.O. , Barlow Jane 
Published: December 2014

Background Sensitive responsiveness in parent-infant interaction is a significant predictor of infant emotional regulation, and attachment security. Health visitors play a key role in supporting such interaction, and in identifying parent-infant dyads in need of additional intervention as part of the Healthy Child Programme. Aims To examine the accuracy of a group of health visitors who have received no training in assessing parent-infant interaction, and whether this accuracy increases following training in the implementation of a newly developed screening tool, the Parent-Infant Interaction Observation Scale (PIIOS). Method A group of 10 health visitors rated 7 video clips before a 2-day training programme about using the PIIOS. The participants rated a further 7 videos following the completion of the training. Accuracy of rating pre and post training was assessed using Spearmans Rho correlation coefficients. Results The accuracy of the ratings for each of the health visitors ranged from 0.38–0.91, with 66% obtaining correlation coefficients of less than 0.80. In the post-training there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the accuracy of the ratings, with 99% of participants scoring above 0.80 (ranging from 0.67–0.96). Conclusions The research confirms the findings of early studies which identified that without training, health visitors have a low accuracy in assessing parent-infant interaction, and following the delivery of a 2-day workshop in the use of a simple screening tool, accuracy improved significantly. All health visitors would benefit from training in the assessment of parent-infant interaction.
Utilization of clinical practice guidelines: a survey of Canadian pediatric physicians
Authors: Nasir Fareeha , Nicholson Katharine , Vandermeer Ben , Kumar Manoj , Robinson Joan 
Published: December 2014

Background: It is not clear how physicians currently use clinical practice guidelines (CPGs).Objectives: The objective was to describe how Canadian pediatric residents and pediatricians use CPGs and to identify barriers to CPG use.Methods: Pediatric emergency physicians and general pediatricians in Edmonton and Ottawa and all Canadian pediatric residents were surveyed regarding patterns of use for CPGs and barriers to use.Â Results: Response rate was 178/847 (21%).Â The majority of responding residents (62%), emergency physicians (54%) and general pediatricians teaching more than 6 weeks annually on a clinical teaching unit (CTU) use CPGs at least monthly (55%) with less frequent use by pediatricians who teach 1 to 6 weeks on CTU (14%) or rarely/never teach on CTU (21%) (p<0.001). Canadian physicians are more likely to read Canadian Paediatric Society guidelines when they are published versus referring to them later when dealing with clinical problems while the opposite appears to be true for American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines. The most common barrier to use of guidelines is forgetting that a guideline exists for a specific problem. The majority of physicians access CPGs electronically and support development of web based tools to improve accessibility.Conclusions: Almost all pediatric residents, pediatric emergency physicians and general pediatricians sometimes refer to CPGs. General pediatricians teaching less than 6 weeks per year on CTUs are an important target population, as most use CPGs infrequently. Prompts that CPGs exist and accessible online summaries of CPGs appear to have potential for overcoming the barriers to use.
Quantitative evaluation of carbonation in concrete using nonlinear ultrasound
Authors: Kim Gun , Kim Jin-Yeon , Kurtis Kimberly E. , Jacobs Laurence J. , Le Pape Yann , Guimaraes Maria 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
A new nonlinear ultrasonic technique for nondestructive evaluation of concrete components is developed and implemented to characterize the effects of carbonation on concrete. The physical principle of this method is the second harmonic generation (SHG) in propagating Rayleigh surface waves which are detected by a non-contact air-coupled transducer. The nonlinearity parameter, as an indicator of material properties, is experimentally obtained from measured Rayleigh wave signals and is used to quantitatively evaluate the progress of carbonation under accelerated conditions. The experimental results show that there is a significant decrease in the measured nonlinearity parameter, most likely originated from the deposit of the carbonation product, CaCO3, in pre-existing voids and microcracks. The sensitivity of the nonlinearity parameter is also verified by comparing with the measured Rayleigh wave velocity. The results in this paper demonstrate that the SHG technique using Rayleigh surface waves can be used to monitor carbonation in concrete.
Isolated Irreducible Chronic Volar Dislocation of the Distal Radioulnar Joint
Authors: Li Yuan , Yan Hui 
Published: December 2014

Case:
We report a case of a fifty-eight-year-old woman who sustained a chronic dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) with extensive secondary cartilage damage and bone loss. We performed an open reduction to restore normal alignment of the distal part of the radius and the distal part of the ulna while preserving the structures that provide stability to the DRUJ.

Conclusion:
At eighteen months postoperatively, the patient had regained 60° of pronation and 60° of supination and did not have any pain. We found that even in a chronic injury, a simple anatomic reduction can restore the stability of the DRUJ.
A Left Nonrecurrent Inferior Laryngeal Nerve in a Patient with Vascular and Atlantoaxial Abnormalities
Authors: Ladeira Craveiro Vinicius , Osler Polina , Rocco James W. , Schwab Joseph H. 
Published: December 2014

Case:
We present a case of a fifty-eight-year-old woman with chronic occipital headaches and neck pain who underwent C2-C3 anterior and posterior fusion for cervical instability. Perioperative discovery of multiple cervical anomalies, including a left nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve, greatly complicated the approach.

Conclusion:
A left nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve is a rare anatomical anomaly that may co-occur with other cervical abnormalities. It is an important anatomical variant to consider during an anterior approach to the cervical spine, especially when preoperative images of the cervical region show vascular and cervical spine anatomical anomalies.
Effect of Medicinal Plants on Haematology and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Village Chickens Naturally Infected with <i>Heterakis gallinarum</i>
Authors: Mwale M , Masika PJ , Materechera SA 
Published: December 2014

The effects of Aloe ferox, Agave sisalana and Gunnera perpensa on haematological and biochemical parameters of village chickens naturally infected with Heterakis gallinarum were evaluated. One hundred and twelve mature village chickens were randomly allotted into 14 groups of 8 chickens. Group 1 and 2 were orally administered 1 mL distilled water for 4 consecutive days and 1 mL mebendazole (once), respectively. Groups 3-6 received 1 mL orally of aqueous leaf extract of A. ferox for 4 consecutive days, groups 7-10 A. sisalana and 11-14 G. perpensa in graded doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. Blood was collected into vacutainers in triplicate, from the wing veins on day 0, 7 and 14. Data was analysed using general linear model of statistical analyses system. Chickens offered A. sisalana (200 mg/kg) had highest alanine transaminase (ALT) value (P < 0.05; 7.50 ± 0.406 U/l) on day 0. On day 7 and 14, there was no difference in ALT values (P >0.05). Significant differences among plants for aspartate transaminase on day 0, 7 and 14 were observed. Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular volume were maintained within the reference range. From day 0 to 14, haematocrit was reduced for chickens on G. perpensa (50, 100 and 400 mg/kg), A. ferox (100 and 400 mg/kg) and A. sisalana (50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg). Haemoglobin was out of range on day 0 and improved to be within the range on day 7 and 14. The medicinal plants enabled normal synthesis and functioning of haematological and biochemical parameters of village chickens and were maintained within the expected reference ranges. These plants are crucial phytomedicines for treating H. gallinarum infestations in village chickens.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v12i2.21263Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2014). 12 (2): 99-106
Poultry Salmonella Specific Bacteriophage Isolation and Characterization
Authors: Rahaman MT , Rahman M , Rahman MB , Khan MFR , Hossen ML , Parvej MS , Ahmed S 
Published: December 2014

Bacteriophage named as SAL-PG (Salmonella bacteriophage), specific to Salmonella pullorum and Salmonella gallinarum was isolated by an enrichment method directly from waste water near to poultry farm. For the isolation of phage 4.5 ml water sample, 0.5 ml of 10X Nutrient Broth and 0.5 ml of log phage bacteria were mixed well and incubated at 37° C for overnight followed by centrifugation at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes. The presence of bacteriophage was observed by spot test over the bacterial lawn of and plaque assay. The host range of the isolated bacteriophage was determined by spot test using 12 different bacterial isolates. The phages were found to infect Salmonella pullorum, Salmonella gallinarum and Salmonella typhimurium and produced clear plaque on these Salmonella serovars. The bacteriophage was able to survive in wide range of pH between 2 to 9 and resistant at 60° C for 1 hour. More than 50% phages were readily adsorbed to the host bacteria. The restriction enzyme analysis showed that the phage DNA possess restriction site for Taq?I, HindIII and BstYI; but no restriction site for XhoI and BstEII as these two enzymes failed to digest the phage DNA. The characterizations of the bacteriophage would be helpful in establishing a basis for adopting the application of the most effective bacteriophage treatment to control these poultry bacteria.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v12i2.21264 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2014). 12 (2): 107-114
Morphological Analysis of Breast and Thigh Muscles in Different Postnatal Ages of Broiler Chicken and its Carcass Characteristics
Authors: Rahman MS 
Published: December 2014

The aim of this experiment was to analyze the morphology of muscles and carcass quality Cobb-500 and Ross broiler chicken at different age, where the weight of live bird, carcass, major cut portions, lean and bone were measured. The average highest live weight at D35 was recorded as 1860.18±6.29g in Cobb-500 and 1640.47±7.57g in Ross broiler chicken. The average carcasses weights at D1, D7, D14, D21, D28 and D35 were recorded as 14.90 ±0.53g, 27.85±0.30g, 85.31±0.82g, 211.94±4.31g, 618.36 ±0.92g and 1289.05±5.39g for Cobb-500 and in case of Ross strains 12.89±0.41g, 25.83±0.38g, 82.09±0.35g, 210.58±2.66g, 565.55±2.41g and 1133.80±3.51g respectively. Highest dressing percentage was recorded at D35 which was 69.29±0.11g in Cobb-500 and 69.12±0.12g in Ross strains. The length, breadth, thickness and weight of pectoralis thoracis, supracoracoideus, iliotibialis lateralis and iliotibialis cranialis skeletal muscles were higher in Cobb-500 at every studied ages. Finally the experiment focused that Cobb-500 chicken is superior in terms of meat production for its unique skeletal muscle growth and carcass yield.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v12i2.21265 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2014). 12 (2): 115-120
Ginsenoside Rb1, A Component of Panax Ginseng, Ameliorates Selenium Induced Renal Toxicity in Broilers
Authors: Elgaml Shimaa A 
Published: December 2014

Panax Ginseng (PG) has been widely used as natural product for many years with limited knowledge on its effect on renal dysfunction. Ginsenoside (Rb1) is the most clinically effective derivative of ginseng. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective role of ginsenoside Rb1 on selenium induced renal toxicity in broilers. Forty, one day old chicks acclimatized for 14 days and divided into four groups; negative control, Selenium (Se) treated (0.48 mg Na2SeO3/kg b.wt.), Rb1 plus Se treated (100mg Rb1/kg b.wt. & 0.48 mg Na2SeO3/kg b.wt.) and Rb1 treated (100 mg Rb1/ kg b.wt.) groups. Levels of blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, creatinine, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated. The pretreatment of chickens with Rb1 significantly ameliorate the degenerative effect of selenium over the biochemical parameters, electrolytes and improves the antioxidant activity. Taken together, it could be concluded that the pretreatment of ginsenoside Rb1 has a protective effects against renal injury induced by sodium selenite toxicosis. The ginsenoside Rb1 is thus can be utilized as a useful natural product tool to protect against selenium toxicosis.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v12i2.21274 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2014). 12 (2): 127-134
Prevalence of Bovine Tuberculosis in Cattle in the Selected Upazila of Sirajganj District in Bangladesh
Authors: Mahmud MAA , Belal SMSH , Shoshe NZ 
Published: December 2014

A study was conducted to ascertain the prevalence of Bovine tuberculosis at 135 commercial dairy farms of five upazilas of Sirajganj district of Bangladesh during the period from January 2012 to December 2013. During two years study period a total of 270 blood samples were tested by Antigen® Rapid Bovine TB Ab test kit. The overall prevalence of bovine tuberculosis was recorded as 7.78%. Distribution on the basis of age, sex and breed revealed the significant relationship among the infection, breed, sex and age in the population. The prevalence was relatively high in older cattle (10.23%) and the highest prevalence was observed in the female (9.09%). The prevalence of tuberculosis infection was considerably high in most of large herds. It was evident from the study that cattle were infected with organism and caused a serious economic loss.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v12i2.21276 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2014). 12 (2): 141-145
Place et apports thérapeutiques du psychodrame psychanalytique individuel dans une cure institutionnelle d'un enfant psychotique. Gabriel : du conflit des origines à l'émergence d'une subjectivité
Authors: Blanc Adrien , Forveille Élisabeth 
Published: December 2014

Une cure institutionnelle dans un centre médico-psychologique regroupe un certain nombre de modalités thérapeutiques conjointement mises en action : groupes thérapeutiques, entretiens individuels et familiaux, psychodrames. Nous proposons ici un retour sur neuf années de prise en charge d’un jeune garçon psychotique, Gabriel, de ses 3 ans à ses 12 ans. L’objectif de cet article est de démontrer comment l’articulation de ces divers modes de traitement lui ont permis d’utiliser une scène interne et externe, afin de penser et de se penser, d’être capable de s’individuer et de se séparer psychiquement d’autrui, et ainsi de développer une subjectivité à même d’élaborer ce qui se joue en lui. Le psychodrame aura été central dans son parcours, autant comme moteur du processus thérapeutique et transférentiel que comme vecteur d’évolution. Les auteurs proposent d’étudier l’évolution, le déploiement et le maintien du processus thérapeutique au fil des modalités de prise en charge, en se centrant sur les liens existant entre le jeu et l’élaboration des conflits psychiques, en particulier ceux des origines.
Qui a fait et défait les gouvernements. Depuis 1919
Authors: Perin François 
Published: December 2014

En 1958, la Belgique a connu trois gouvernements différents. Tous les départements ont eu au moins deux titulaires mais le Commerce Extérieur, les Colonies, l’Instruction Publique, l’Intérieur, la Justice, la Santé Publique et la Famille, en ont eu trois. En 1958, le département des Affaires Economiques a été géré par quatre ministres différents. De 1918 à 1958, la Belgique a connu 23 crises gouvernementales de caractère politique (à l’exclusion de celles qui surviennent normalement après les élections législatives). Le phénomène des crises gouvernementales a donc sérieusement marqué le déroulement de la vie politique belge. Comment ce forment les gouvernements ? Quels sont les causes et les mécanismes des crises ministérielles ? Telles sont les deux questions étudiées ici par F. PERIN. L’étude couvre la période 1918-1958.
La représentation politique et les « effets de subjectivation »
Authors: Disch Lisa , Mesli Rostom , Boudou Benjamin 
Published: December 2014

Résumé Cet article pose la question suivante : comment construire un critère normatif adapté au tournant constructiviste des théories de la représentation ? Pour répondre à cette question, je prends appui sur la recherche empirique menée aux États-Unis sur le policy feedback qui élargit la réflexion à propos de la légitimité démocratique. Plutôt que de s’interroger sur la nature de la relation entre les représentants et les représentés (est-elle concrètement adéquate, délibérative, suffisamment réactive, etc. ?), ce travail se concentre directement sur les « effets de subjectivation » créés par les actes de représentation, sur la manière dont ils se forment, renforcent ou affaiblissent certains groupes politiques.
Passion de la langue et reconnaissance
Authors: von Busekist Astrid 
Published: December 2014

Résumé Cet article propose trois paradigmes pour comprendre les politiques de la langue : l’utilité, la domination, la passion. Chacun de ces paradigmes correspond à des préférences politiques en France, en Europe, aux États Unis. La situation linguistique idéale ou juste est une situation de non-domination : elle peut être obtenue par une conjugaison sensible entre les paradigmes de l’utilité et de la passion, et notamment par une gestion multilingue dans les institutions intermédiaires : l’école, l’entreprise, les associations citoyennes. La démocratie linguistique demande que la parité de participation, quelle que soit la langue, l’emporte sur l’exigence d’apprentissage de la langue nationale ou officielle.
Claude Lefort, pratique et pensée de la désincorporation
Authors: Bataillon Gilles 
Published: December 2014

Résumé Comment présenter l’oeuvre de Claude Lefort et tenter d’en donner une vue d’ensemble alors que celle-ci court sur plus d’un demi siècle et aborde des thèmes et des auteurs en apparence très variés ? Quel fil lie les différents moments de son oeuvre, comment s’est–elle construite, comment la lire aujourd’hui ? Par delà leurs singularités et les différences entre les sujets abordés Lefort pratique tout au long de son oeuvre un même style de pensée. Son souci de juger et de trancher entre le vrai et le faux, le juste et l’injuste, va de pair avec la volonté de faire droit à la complexité et à l’ambiguïté des phénomènes et des oeuvres qu’il interroge.
A Model of Adverse Promotion
Authors: Lecostey Sophie 
Published: December 2014

Cet article s’intéresse au rôle incitatif des promotions. Il propose un modèle théorique simple où les candidats ne connaissent pas avec certitude le type de l’évaluateur chargé par l’Organisation d’évaluer les candidats et de choisir qui sera promu. L’évaluateur peut être de deux types : aimant le pouvoir ou bien agissant éthiquement. On montre alors que, quel que soit le type de l’évaluateur, il se produit une promotion contraire, le terme « contraire » signifiant ici injuste et/ou inefficace. L’injustice est liée à l’existence possible d’un évaluateur aimant le pouvoir. En effet, à l’équilibre Bayésien Parfait séparateur, un tel évaluateur promeut un candidat choisi parmi les moins compétents afin de signaler son type et ainsi induire un comportement de cour de la part des candidats à une future promotion. Quant à l’inefficacité, elle survient à l’équilibre avec les deux types possibles de l’évaluateur mais sous des formes différentes : soit l’inefficacité résulte de l’activité de cour des candidats, soit elle est due au découragement de certains candidats. L’article discute ensuite du rôle de la concurrence entre les travailleurs et propose différents remèdes aux problèmes mis en lumière. Code JEL : M 51.
La maitrise du français écrit par les primo-arrivants : une analyse des performances productives par frontière stochastique
Authors: Branche-Seigeot Aline 
Published: December 2014

Cet article vise à déterminer les facteurs susceptibles d’expliquer le niveau de maîtrise du français écrit par les primo-arrivants en âge de travailler, sachant que peu de recherches ont été réalisées en France à ce sujet. L’originalité de cet article réside dans l’estimation d’une frontière stochastique de production afin d’expliquer les scores en français écrit des primo-arrivants (considérés comme producteurs de leurs propres compétences) et leurs performances productives. Les principaux résultats mettent en avant que la langue maternelle, l’âge au moment de l’immigration, le diplôme de la mère et la vie sociale sont des éléments qui influencent l’efficacité de cette production. Ils jouent un rôle essentiel dans la capacité des primo-arrivants à utiliser efficacement leur durée de présence en France et leur durée d’éducation scolaire, considérées comme les principales ressources dont disposent les primo-arrivants pour produire de la compétence dans la langue du pays d’accueil. Classification JEL : I21, J15, J24.