bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imaging the invisible: resolving cellular microcompartments by superresolution microscopy techniques
Authors: Hensel Michael , Klingauf Jürgen , Piehler Jacob 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Unraveling the spatio-temporal organization of dynamic cellular microcompartments requires live cell imaging techniques capable of resolving submicroscopic structures. While the resolution of traditional far-field fluorescence imaging techniques is limited by the diffraction barrier, several fluorescence-based microscopy techniques providing sub-100 nm resolution have become available during the past decade. Here, we briefly introduce the optical principles of these techniques and compare their capabilities and limitations with respect to spatial and temporal resolution as well as live cell capabilities. Moreover, we summarize how these techniques contributed to a better understanding of plasma membrane microdomains, the dynamic nanoscale organization of neuronal synapses and the sub-compartmentation of microorganisms. Based on these applications, we highlight complementarity of these techniques and their potential to address specific challenges in the context of dynamic cellular microcompartments, as well as the perspectives to overcome current limitations of these methods.
Synthesis and Characterization of HgSe Nanostructure Using a Novel Precursor
Authors: Esmaeili-Zare Mahdiyeh , Salavati-Niasari Masoud , Ghanbari Davood 
Published: April 2013

AbstractMercury selenide nanostructures were synthesized from the reaction of N, N′-bis(salicylidene)propane-1,3-diamine mercury complex, (Hg(Salpn)) as a novel precursor, via sonochemical method. The effect of different surfactant on the morphology and particle size of the products was investigated. Products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).
Association between food intake frequency and obesity among adolescent girls in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Musaiger Abdulrahman O. , Al-Mannai Mariam , Zagzoog Nisreen 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The main objective of this study was to discover the association between the intake of certain foods and the occurrence of obesity among adolescent girls in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional multistage sampling method was conducted among girls aged 12–19 years in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The total sample was 512. Obesity was calculated based on the International Obesity Task Force standards. Findings revealed that obese girls were less likely to eat fruit, vegetables, meat, chicken and dairy products than non-obese girls, but the differences were not statistically significant. However, the risk of being obese was greater for those who consumed chocolates and sweets (odds ratio=1.57) and fast foods (odds ratio=1.35) more than three times a week. Thus, programs to promote a healthy lifestyle for schoolchildren should include appropriate intervention on changing dietary habits.
Request–Response Distributed Power Management in Cloud Data Centers
Authors: Li Jianxiang , Zhang Youchun 
Published: April 2013

AbstractPower provision is coming to be the most important constraint to data center development. The efficient management of power consumption according to the loads of the data center is urgent. As the load for every application hosted in every server node (SN) of the data center and corresponding Service Level Agreement (SLA) requirements can be quite different, it is hard to deploy a power strategy at application. The asynchronies and abruptness characteristics of workload fluctuation make power management policymaking using periodic resource scheduling method invalid. In this article, the design and implementation of the request–response distributed power management scheme is elaborated. Bound by linear time complexity, the method proposed integrates dynamic voltage/frequency scaling, power-on–power-off, and virtual machine migration mechanisms and dynamically optimizes the power consumption of a cloud data center. The significant advantage of the scheme is that it does not need synchronous scheduling between all SNs. Simulation results showed that the scheme could effectively decrease the power consumption of the data center, with a tiny reduction in performance as centralized control methods.
Plasmons driven by single electrons in graphene nanoislands
Authors: Manjavacas Alejandro , Thongrattanasiri Sukosin , de Abajo F. Javier García 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Plasmons produce large confinement and enhancement of light that enable applications as varied as cancer therapy and catalysis. Adding to these appealing properties, graphene has emerged as a robust, electrically tunable material exhibiting plasmons that strongly depend on the density of doping charges. Here we show that adding a single electron to a graphene nanoisland consisting of hundreds or thousands of atoms switches on infrared plasmons that were previously absent from the uncharged structure. Remarkably, the addition of each further electron produces a dramatic frequency shift. Plasmons in these islands are shown to be tunable down to near infrared wavelengths. These phenomena are highly sensitive to carbon edges. Specifically, armchair nanotriangles display sharp plasmons that are associated with intense near-field enhancement, as well as absorption cross-sections exceeding the geometrical area occupied by the graphene. In contrast, zigzag triangles do not support these plasmons. Our conclusions rely on realistic quantum-mechanical calculations, which are in ostensible disagreement with classical electromagnetic simulations, thus revealing the quantum nature of the plasmons. This study shows a high sensitivity of graphene nanoislands to elementary charges, therefore emphasizing their great potential for novel nano-optoelectronics applications.
Redox behavior of Tc(VII)/Tc(IV) under various reducing conditions in 0.1 M NaCl solutions
Authors: Kobayashi Taishi , Scheinost Andreas C. , Fellhauer D. , Gaona Xavier , Altmaier Marcus 
Published: April 2013

AbstractRedox behaviour of Tc(VII)/Tc(IV) was investigated in 0.1 M NaCl solutions containing different reducing agents in the pH range 2 to 13 at 22 ºC under inert Ar atmosphere. In several samples, the 1 × 105 mol/dm3(M) initially added TcO4-was reduced to form a Tc(IV) oxide solid phase with low solubility. The observed Tc redox transformation processes are systematized according toEh-pH conditions in solution, indicating that a borderline for the reduction of Tc(VII) to Tc(IV),TcO4-+ 3e-+ 4H+⇔TcO2·xH2O(coll, hyd) + (2-x)H2Oexists, independent of the reducing chemical system. This experimentally derived borderline is about 100 mV lower than the equilibrium line calculated from the reported standard redox potential of TcO2· 1.6H2O(s). This behaviour can be related to the existence of more soluble solid phase modifications,i.e.nanoparticulate Tc(IV) oxide species (TcO2·xH2O(coll, hyd)). The reaction kinetics likewise correlate to the redox potential measured in solution. Slow reduction of Tc(VII) to Tc(IV) was observed when the redox potential in the system was slightly below the above mentioned reduction borderline. Fast reduction was observed in the systems far below the borderline, but also in those systems containing Fe(II) solids, suggesting a specific surface mediated effect in the reduction process. EXAFS analysis on two magnetite samples indicate reduced Tc(IV) species which do not remain adsorbed at the reactive mineral surface and are incorporated in the magnetite structure.
Analysis of Mixed Micellar Behavior of Promazine
Hydrochloride with Surfactants in Aqueous Medium at Different
Temperatures and Compositions
Authors: Rub Malik Abdul , Asiri Abdullah M. , Azum Naved , Khan Anish , Khan Aftab Aslam Parwaz , Khan Sher Bahadar , Rahman Mohammed M. , Kumar Dileep , Al-Youbi Abdulrahman O. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Mixed micellization behavior of an amphiphilic phenothiazine
drug promazine hydrochloride (PMZ) in the presence of conventional
dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) as well as gemini
1,4-bis(N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethylammonium)butane
bromide (12-4-12) cationic surfactants has been studied at four
different fixed temperatures and compositions by conductometric
technique. The experimental data have been analysed by considering
different theoretical models of Clint, Rubingh, Motomura and
Rodenas. The cmc and cmcid values indicate mixed
micelle formation between the components and strong synergism is
observed in the mixed systems. The micellar (actual) mole
fractions of surfactants
(χ
1
Rub,
χ
1
M,
χ
1
Rod and
χ
1
id), calculated on the
basis of different theoretical proposed models used in the present
study, show greater contribution of surfactants in mixed
micelles. Activity coefficients (f
1
and f
2) are always less than unity
indicating nonideality in the systems. Thermodynamic parameters
are also evaluated and discussed which suggest that at higher
temperatures dehydration of hydrophobic part of the drug takes
place.
Is Gravidity 4+ a Risk Factor for Oral Clefts? A Case-Control Study in Eight South American Countries Using Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Gili Juan Antonio , Poletta Fernando Adriàn , Campaña Hebe , Comas Belén , Pawluk Mariela , Rittler Monica , López-Camelo Jorge Santiago 
Published: April 2013

Background There is disagreement about the association between cleft lip with or without cleft palate and multigravidity, which could be explained by differences of adjusting for maternal age, Amerindian ancestry, and socioeconomic status. Objective The aim was to evaluate gravidity 4+ (four or more gestations) as a risk factor for cleft lip with or without cleft palate in South America. Design We used a matched (1:1) case-control study with structural equation modeling for related causes. Data were obtained from 1,371,575 consecutive newborn infants weighing ≥500 g who were born in the hospitals of the Estudio Colaborativo Latinoamericano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC) network between 1982 and 1999. There were a total of 1,271 cases with cleft lip with or without cleft palate (excluding midline and atypical cleft lip with or without cleft palate). A total of 1,227 case-control pairs were obtained, matched by maternal age, newborn gender, and year and place of birth. Potential confounders and intermediary variables were analyzed with structural equation modeling. Results The crude risk of gravidity 4+ was 1.41 and the 95% confidence interval was 1.14 to 1.61. When applying structural equation modeling, the effect of multigravidity on the risk of cleft lip with or without cleft palate was 1.22 and the 95% confidence interval was 0.91 to 1.39. Conclusions Multigravid mothers (more than four gestations) showed no greater risk of bearing children who had cleft lip with or without cleft palate than mothers with two or three births. Therefore, the often observed and reported association between multigravidity and oral clefts likely reflects the effect of other risk factors related to low socioeconomic status in South American populations.
Long‐term monitoring of mammals in the face of biotic and abiotic influences at a semiarid site in north‐central Chile
Authors: Kelt D. A. , Meserve P. L. , Gutiérrez J. R. , Milstead W. Bryan , Previtali M. A. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe data set covers a 16‐year period (1989–2005) of monthly small‐mammal surveys and associated habitat and environmental data. Small mammals are trapped every month on all experimental plots, and both ephemeral and perennial plant cover and soil seed bank composition are measured at regular intervals. Rainfall is recorded and compiled annually (through 1998) or monthly; information on captured small mammals and on all vegetative and rainfall data is contained in associated files. These data have been applied to diverse population‐ and community‐level analyses and remain useful for investigations of population dynamics, species interactions, and the relative influence of biotic and abiotic factors. Sampling is ongoing, and data will be added over time.
A Physiological Dynamic Testing Machine for the Elbow Joint
Authors: Kiene Johannes , Wendlandt Robert , Heinritz Marcus , Schall Angelika , Schulz Arndt-Peter 
Published: April 2013

Background:The aim of our study was to develop a test setup combining realistic force transmission with physiological movement patterns at a frequency that mimicked daily use of the elbow, to assess implants in orthopedic joint reconstruction and trauma surgery.Methods:In a multidisciplinary approach, anin vitrobiomechanical testing machine was developed and manufactured that could simulate the repetitive forceful movement of the human elbow joint. The construction involved pneumatic actuators. An aluminum forearm module enabled movements in 3 degrees of freedom, while motions and forces were replicatedviaforce and angular sensors that were similar toin vivomeasurements.Results:In the initial testing, 16 human elbow joint specimens were tested at 35 Nm in up to 5000 cycles at a range of 10° extension to 110° flexion. The transmitted forces led to failure in 9 out of the 16 tested specimens, significantly more often in females and small specimens.Conclusions:It is possible to construct a testing machine to simulate nearly physiological repetitive elbow motions. The prototype has a number of technical deficiencies that could be modified. When testing implants for the human elbow with cadaver specimens, the specimen has to be chosen according to the intended use of the implant under investigation.
Factors Associated With Microalbuminuria in 7,549 Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes in the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry
Authors: Daniels Mark , DuBose Stephanie N. , Maahs David M. , Beck Roy W. , Fox Larry A. , Gubitosi-Klug Rose , Laffel Lori M. , Miller Kellee M. , Speer Heather , Tamborlane William V. , Tansey Michael J. ,   for the T1D Exchange Clinic Network
Published: April 2013

OBJECTIVE
To examine factors associated with clinical microalbuminuria (MA) diagnosis in children and adolescents in the T1D Exchange clinic registry.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
T1D Exchange participants &lt;20 years of age with type 1 diabetes ≥1 year and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) measured within the prior 2 years were included in the analysis. MA diagnosis required all of the following: 1) a clinical diagnosis of sustained MA or macroalbuminuria, 2) confirmation of MA diagnosis by either the most recent ACR being ≥30 mg/g or current treatment with an ACE inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), and 3) no known cause for nephropathy other than diabetes. Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with MA.

RESULTS
MA was present in 329 of 7,549 (4.4%) participants, with a higher frequency associated with longer diabetes duration, higher mean glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level, older age, female sex, higher diastolic blood pressure (BP), and lower BMI (P ≤ 0.01 for each in multivariate analysis). Older age was most strongly associated with MA among participants with HbA1c ≥9.5% (≥80 mmol/mol). MA was uncommon (&lt;2%) among participants with HbA1c &lt;7.5% (&lt;58 mmol/mol). Of those with MA, only 36% were receiving ACEI/ARB treatment.

CONCLUSIONS
Our results emphasize the importance of good glycemic and BP control, particularly as diabetes duration increases, in order to reduce the risk of nephropathy. Since age and diabetes duration are important nonmodifiable factors associated with MA, the importance of routine screening is underscored to ensure early diagnosis and timely treatment of MA.
Two Cases of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in HNF1A-MODY Linked to Severe Dehydration
Authors: Pruhova Stepanka , Dusatkova Petra , Neumann David , Hollay Erik , Cinek Ondrej , Lebl Jan , Sumnik Zdenek 
Published: April 2013

OBJECTIVE
Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1A maturity-onset diabetes of the young (HNF1A-MODY) is a monogenic form of diabetes caused by heterozygous mutations in HNF1A. Currently, a history of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an exclusion criterion for genetic testing for MODY.

HISTORY AND EXAMINATION
In this article, we describe two unrelated patients aged 17 and 24 years with severe DKA developed several years after the diagnosis of HNF1A-MODY.

INVESTIGATION
Both patients were treated with insulin, but their metabolic control was poor (HbA1c 15%, 140 mmol/mol and 13%, 119 mmol/mol, respectively) due to noncompliance and missed insulin injections. In both patients, DKA followed a course of recurrent vomiting with dehydration and prerenal acute kidney injury. Their glycemia, blood pH, and base excess at admission were 97 mmol/L [1,748 mg/dL], 6.80, and −33 mmol/L (patient 1) and 34 mmol/L [613 mg/dL], 7.03, and −14 mmol/L (patient 2).

CONCLUSIONS
This anecdotal observation supports the notion that a history of DKA does not exclude MODY.
The Reality of the Management in Patients with Rare Inborn Metabolic Diseases In Slovakia / Realita starostlivosti o pacientov so zriedkavými vrodenými metabolickými chorobami v SR
Authors: Hlavatá A. 
Published: April 2013

Recently, from 6,000 to 8,000 rare diseases have been registered, of which over 1,000 are inherited metabolic diseases.
In Slovakia, a nationwide newborn screening for phenylketonuria − an inherited metabolic disease that occurred frequently in our country − has been performed over the last 40 years. Special workplaces in Bratislava, Banská Bystrica and Košice were set up to provide optimal availability of treatment for patients with phenylketonuria. Today, Inherited Metabolic Diseases Centre in Children's Faculty Hospital in Bratislava uses the laboratories at the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Genetics at the 2nd Paediatrics Department. When finalizing the diagnosis, we cooperate with the Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Bratislava. However, international cooperation is needed. Clinical and ambulatory care of patients with inherited metabolic diseases is in the centre distributed to the paediatric and neurological departments.
In recent years, the problem of inherited metabolic diseases has no longer been just a paediatric problem. While in past the majority of patients did not live to adulthood, today, thanks to new drugs and therapeutic procedures, it has been changed. Improving the knowledge of the pathogenesis, diagnosis and especially substitution therapy, patients can reach the age of adulthood and they can even be diagnosed in adulthood. The paper provides personal experience with the treatment of inherited metabolic diseases in Slovakia, mainly the substitution therapy.
Patient Empowerment in Rare Diseases Slovak Rare Disease Alliance − Contribution to the Creation of the National Plan of Rare Diseases in Slovakia Eurordis – Benefits of Membership / Pacientske organizácie v oblasti zriedkavých chorôb – ich činnosť aj pri príprave národného plánu v SR slovenská aliancia zriedkavých chorôb Eurordis - európska aliancia zriedkavých chorôb – výhody členstva
Authors: Ramljaková B. 
Published: April 2013

After the endorsement of the National strategy of rare disease patient health care development for years 2012 - 2013 by the government of the SR on October 24, 2012, it is important for all participants in the process to get involved. (Who are all the participants? - doctors, pharmacists, scientist, national authorities, regulators, health insurance companies, social insurance company, health care and social workers, pharmaceutical industry, but also politicians, patients and patient organizations)
Based on the experience and problems which are being solved by patients, it is necessary for POs to focus on areas important for the creation of NP RD in the SR. These are most of all: complex approach to patients based on a multidisciplinary team, inclusion of patients into decision making - an educated patient is a prerequisite for this; specialized services for RD patients and their families; integration of RD patients into existing health care and social system and help lines.
Slovak Alliance of Rare Diseases (Alliance RD) was founded and registered at the Ministry of Interior of the SR on December 12, 2011. The reason for its foundation was the effort to solve problems in the area of RDs in a complex and systemic way, which is proved by its involvement in the creation of NP RD in the SR. It houses 12 POs working in the field of RD in Slovakia. The objective of the Alliance RD is to keep improving the health and social life conditions of rare disease patients and their families, to improve the quality of rare disease patients’ lives, and to support their social integration. In close cooperation with EURORDIS - Rare Disease Europe − it took part in EUROPLAN II (2012 - 2015), a project organized by the National conference for the support of the creation of National plan of rare disease patient health care development in Slovakia.
Development and characterization of a novel mAb against bilitranslocase - a new biomarker of renal carcinoma
Authors: Montanic Sendi , Terdoslavich Michela , Rajcevic Uros , De Leo Luigina , Department of Medical Sciences, Uni Serena , Curin Serbec Vladka , Passamonti Sabina 
Published: April 2013

Background. Bilitranslocase (TC 2.A.65.1.1) is a bilirubin-specific membrane transporter, found on absorptive (stomach and intestine) and excretory (kidney and liver) epithelia and in vascular endothelium. Polyclonal antibodies have been raised in rabbits in the past, using a synthetic peptide corresponding to AA65-77 of rat liver bilitranslocase, as an antigen. Affinity-purified antibodies from immune sera have been found to inhibit various membrane transport functions, including the bilirubin uptake into human hepatocytes and the uptake of some flavonoids into human vascular endothelial cells. It was described by means of immunohistochemistry using polyclonal antibodies that bilitranslocase expression is severely down-regulated in clear cell renal carcinoma. The aim of our work was development and characterization of high-affinity, specific mAbs against bilitranslocase, which can be used as a potential diagnostic tool in renal cell carcinoma as well as in a wide variety of biological assays on different human tissues.
Materials and methods. Mice were immunized with a multi-antigen peptide corresponding to segment 65-75 of predicted primary structure of the bilitranslocase protein. By a sequence of cloning, immune- and functional tests, we aimed at obtaining a specific monoclonal antibody which recognizes a 37 kDa membrane protein, and influences the transport activity of bilitranslocase.
Results. On the basis of previous results, specific IgM monoclonal antibodies were produced in BALB/c mice, in order to further improve and extend the immunological approach to the study of bilitranslocase in renal cancer cells as well as to develop its potential diagnostics use.
Conclusions. In this article we show an immunological approach, based on newly developed monoclonal antibodies, to a detailed biochemical and functional characterization of a protein whose gene and protein structure is still unknown. We were able to demonstrate our novel mAb as a tumor marker candidate of renal cell carcinoma, which may prove useful in the diagnostic procedures.