bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Der Mythos Gregor und die Grundlegung der musica sacra im heiligen Buch
Authors: Bruggisser-Lanker Therese 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Divine inspiration through the Holy Ghost is topical in the portraits of Gregory the Great: A dove brings him the divine words, which he writes himself or dictates to his deacon Petrus. Thus the charismatic Father of the Church became, like the Evangelists, a divinely inspired medium who transmitted the mandate of spreading the gospel and guaranteed the heavenly origin of the texts that were recited and sung in the liturgy. The preface ‘Gregorius presul’, which is to be found in variant forms introducing antiphonaries and cantatories, states that Gregory, the “powerful teacher” of church chant, composed the songbooks (composuit hunc libellum musicae artis), thereby sanctifying them. Scholars see in this preface a Carolingian strategy of legitimation based on this dynasty’s theocratic concept of power. Gregorian chant, the quintessence of medieval monophonic tradition, has his origins in the Frankish church adopting the “authentic” Roman rite, which was declared canonical liturgy in all churches of the Frankish empire because of Gregory’s authorship. But the consolidation of Gregory’s myth unintentionally legitimated the process of composition, too, because the connection between the concepts of authorship and inspiration justified the composer’s claim to the ministry of spreading the gospel and of attaining the highest knowledge.
Unheilige Bücher. Zur Implosion mythischen Erzählens in der ,Prosa Edda‘
Authors: Glauser Jürg 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The so called ‘Prose Edda’ or ‘Snorra Edda’, usually dated to the third decade of the 13th century, contains after a short prologue two substantial sections dealing mainly with mythography and poetics and a long concluding skaldic poem. In the extant medieval manuscripts from around 1300 and the beginning of the 14th century, additional material like genealogies, grammatical treatises, etc. is included. The present paper focuses on one of the earliest of these manuscripts, codex DG 11 4to, University Library Uppsala, and analyses some central features of the specific way in which it presents different narrative layers. For the first time, this analysis combines a study of textual and visual aspects of the manuscript, and special attention is given to two of the many illustrations in this codex. Together with later scribal notes, the drawings contribute heavily to the process of framing, which is one of the main features of the ‘Prose Edda’. This process of creating potentially endless narrative and visual frames is part of the text‘s ambition to establish a distance to the traditional pagan myths and to facilitate new fictional possibilities.
Eine Bau- und Bittinschrift am Tempel von Luxor
Authors: Jansen-Winkeln Karl 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Republication of an inscription on the outer wall of the forecourt of Amenophis III in the temple of Luxor. The first part of the text is a report on the building of a “Gold House” in the temple of Luxor in year 1 of Alexander the Great. In year 3 of Philip Arrhidaeus, the author of the inscription was promoted chief architect and had to build another Gold House in the temple of Karnak. The exact measures and the time it took to erect both buildings are indicated.
In the second part the author prays to Amun to grant him and his eldest son many years, and the priests and scribes of the temple are requested to protect his son.
The family of the author’s wife, mentioned in the inscription and known from several other sources, is discussed in conclusion.
Von der Vielfalt der ägyptischen Sprache in der griechisch-römischen Zeit
Authors: Quack Joachim Friedrich 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
In this article the discussion is continued, in answer to a position of Dieter Kurth, if it is justified to speak of a specific ‘Ptolemaic’ phase of Egyptian language. Current models of the development of written and spoken Egyptian are discussed and shown to be insufficient in view of the complexity of the actual attestations. In particular, it is not possible to postulate a simple binary opposition with a situation of ‘diglossia’. Rather, the full spectrum of different stages of the Egyptian language can turn up in texts attested in the later periods. A number of cases is brought forth in order to demonstrate that the Egyptian did not consider ‘classical’ Egyptian to be obligatory for religious compositions. Given that Egyptian temple inscriptions of the Graeco-Roman period are linguistically not homogenous, it is not possible to define ‘Ptolemaic’ as a specific phase of the language.
Sur la place d’Horus dans l’ennéade héliopolitaine
Authors: Tillier Anaïs 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
In the study of W. Barta about the ennead of Heliopolis, we note that Horus is often mentioned with the nine gods. This article focuses on various examples of the ennead considering the place of Horus in the enumeration of gods and his specific form. We distinguish three cases: 1) Horus between Isis and Nephthys; 2) Horus between Osiris and Seth (or Isis); 3) Horus after Nephthys, at the end of the ennead. In the first one, Horus replaces Seth, generally during the late period when Seth is banished. In the second case, the order of enumeration follows the one of epagomenal days. In the last one, Horus completes the ennead (Htm psD.t) as [R8-V20] “the tenth god”. The noted Horus forms are essentially Harsiesis, Haroeris, Horus of the Great-House (m Hw.t-aA.t), Horus of Pe (m P) or simply Horus. They are all involved in the osirian myth.
Agreement Domains and Resumption in Earlier Egyptian
Authors: Uljas Sami 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The rule conditioning the use of resumptive pronouns in Earlier Egyptian relative clauses is shown to apply also in cases deemed questionable by the scholar who originally formulated it. According to this rule, omission of resumptive pronouns follows from locality with the agreement-carrying expression. It is shown that the latter should be understood in an extended sense to refer to the prosodic unit containing the agreement morphology rather than the mere ‘carrier’ alone. It is suggested that it is more precisely locality with this wider ‘agreement domain’ that determines whether or not a resumptive pronoun appears in the relative clause.
Development of an Efficient Embedded Discrete Fracture Model for 3D Compositional Reservoir Simulation in Fractured Reservoirs
Authors: Moinfar Ali , Varavei Abdoljalil , Sepehrnoori Kamy , Johns Russell T. 
Published: July 2013

Summary
Many naturally fractured reservoirs around the world have depleted significantly, and improved-oil-recovery (IOR) processes are necessary for further development. Hence, the modeling of fractured reservoirs has received increased attention recently. Accurate modeling and simulation of naturally fractured reservoirs (NFRs) is still challenging because of permeability anisotropies and contrasts. Nonphysical abstractions inherent in conventional dual-porosity and dual-permeability models make them inadequate for solving different fluid-flow problems in fractured reservoirs. Also, recent technologies for discrete fracture modeling may suffer from large simulation run times, and the industry has not used such approaches widely, even though they give more-accurate representations of fractured reservoirs than dual-continuum models.
We developed an embedded discrete fracture model (DFM) for an in-house compositional reservoir simulator that borrows the dual-medium concept from conventional dual-continuum models and also incorporates the effect of each fracture explicitly. The model is compatible with existing finite-difference reservoir simulators. In contrast to dual-continuum models, fractures have arbitrary orientations and can be oblique or vertical, honoring the complexity of a typical NFR. The accuracy of the embedded DFM is confirmed by comparing the results with the fine-grid, explicit-fracture simulations for a case study including orthogonal fractures and a case with a nonaligned fracture. We also perform a grid-sensitivity study to show the convergence of the method as the grid is refined. Our simulations indicate that to achieve accurate results, the embedded discrete fracture model may only require moderate mesh refinement around the fractures and hence offers a computationally efficient approach. Furthermore, examples of waterflooding, gas injection, and primary depletion are presented to demonstrate the performance and applicability of the developed method for simulating fluid flow in NFRs.
A Physical Function Test for Use in the Intensive Care Unit: Validity, Responsiveness, and Predictive Utility of the Physical Function ICU Test (Scored)
Authors: Denehy Linda , de Morton Natalie A. , Skinner Elizabeth H. , Edbrooke Lara , Haines Kimberley , Warrillow Stephen , Berney Sue 
Published: July 2013

Background
Several tests have recently been developed to measure changes in patient strength and functional outcomes in the intensive care unit (ICU). The original Physical Function ICU Test (PFIT) demonstrates reliability and sensitivity.

Objective
The aims of this study were to further develop the original PFIT, to derive an interval score (the PFIT-s), and to test the clinimetric properties of the PFIT-s.

Design
A nested cohort study was conducted.

Methods
One hundred forty-four and 116 participants performed the PFIT at ICU admission and discharge, respectively. Original test components were modified using principal component analysis. Rasch analysis examined the unidimensionality of the PFIT, and an interval score was derived. Correlations tested validity, and multiple regression analyses investigated predictive ability. Responsiveness was assessed using the effect size index (ESI), and the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was calculated.

Results
The shoulder lift component was removed. Unidimensionality of combined admission and discharge PFIT-s scores was confirmed. The PFIT-s displayed moderate convergent validity with the Timed “Up & Go” Test (r=−.60), the Six-Minute Walk Test (r=.41), and the Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score (rho=.49). The ESI of the PFIT-s was 0.82, and the MCID was 1.5 points (interval scale range=0–10). A higher admission PFIT-s score was predictive of: an MRC score of ≥48, increased likelihood of discharge home, reduced likelihood of discharge to inpatient rehabilitation, and reduced acute care hospital length of stay.

Limitations
Scoring of sit-to-stand assistance required is subjective, and cadence cutpoints used may not be generalizable.

Conclusions
The PFIT-s is a safe and inexpensive test of physical function with high clinical utility. It is valid, responsive to change, and predictive of key outcomes. It is recommended that the PFIT-s be adopted to test physical function in the ICU.
Emerging Frontier of Prehistory and Burning Issues of its Study in Developing Countries
Authors: Khatiwada Som Prasad 
Published: July 2013

Many more prehistoric locations and material remains of man’s past are identified from different part of the world from the scholars of developed countries. In the one hand great amount of facilities and resources provided by their governments and related institutions, scholars of developed countries are working continuously in the field of archaeology and prehistory. Besides this the developing countries are struggling for physical development of the country with low amount of resources and they are incapable to allocate national budget for such studies and the scholars and researchers are badly suffered with low income level and high price for livelihood resulting low level of research capabilities. In this context research work on archaeology and prehistory is far away for them and many more prehistoric sites are still hidden under the geological strata of developing countries. There is a great danger of manipulation in data, possibility of forgery like Piltdown forgery and possible damage of megalithic graves for finding antiquities by tomb hunters. Damage of prehistoric sites, tombs and shelters is a great loss for human being not only for related countries, but for the people of the whole world. Therefore, need of collaborative research among the scholars of developed and underdeveloped countries is must for the development of anthropology in global context. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/researcher.v1i1.8375 Researcher: A Research Journal of Culture and Society Vol.1(1) 2013
Socioeconomic factors associated with pituitary apoplexy
Authors: Jahangiri Arman , Clark Aaron J. , Han Seunggu J. , Kunwar Sandeep , Blevins Lewis S. , Aghi Manish K. 
Published: July 2013

Object
Pituitary apoplexy is associated with worse outcomes than are pituitary adenomas detected without acute clinical deterioration. The association between pituitary apoplexy and socioeconomic factors that may limit access to health care has not been examined in prior studies.

Methods
This study involved retrospectively evaluating data obtained in all patients who underwent surgery for nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma causing visual symptoms between January 2003 and July 2012 at the University of California, San Francisco. Patients were grouped into those who presented with apoplexy and those who did not (“no apoplexy”). The 2 groups were compared with respect to annual household income, employment status, health insurance status, and whether or not the patient had a primary health care provider. Associations between categorical variables were analyzed by chi-square test and continuous variables by Student t-test. Multivariate logistic regression was also performed.

Results
One hundred thirty-five patients were identified, 18 of whom presented with apoplexy. There were significantly more unmarried patients and emergency room presentations in the apoplexy group than in the “no apoplexy” group. There was a nonsignificant trend toward lower mean household income in the apoplexy group. Lack of health insurance and lack of a primary health care provider were both highly significantly associated with apoplexy. In a multivariate analysis including marital status, emergency room presentation, income, insurance status, and primary health care provider status as variables, lack of insurance remained associated with apoplexy (OR 11.6; 95% CI 1.9–70.3; p = 0.008).

Conclusions
The data suggest that patients with limited access to health care may be more likely to present with pituitary apoplexy than those with adequate access.
Primary histiocytic sarcoma of the brain mimicking cerebral abscess
Authors: Almefty Rami O. , Tyree Tammy L. , Fusco David J. , Coons Stephen W. , Nakaji Peter 
Published: July 2013

Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare malignancy with only 10 reports confirmed primarily involving the CNS. The diagnosis is dependent on the finding of malignant cells with histiocytic morphology and immunophenotype. The authors report a case of pathologically proven HS of the CNS. A 16-year-old boy presented with headaches, emesis, and altered sensorium. Noncontrast head CT scanning demonstrated a left parietal mass consistent with a tumor. Surgery was undertaken. Intraoperative findings revealed green-yellow exudates consistent with an abscess. Cultures were obtained and broad-spectrum antibiotics were started. The patient subsequently underwent multiple surgical procedures, including drainage and debulking of abscesses and hemicraniectomy. Two months after initial presentation, the patient's diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma was confirmed. Pathological examination demonstrated necrotizing inflammation with preponderant neutrophil infiltration, variably atypical mononuclear and multinucleate histiocytes, and numerous mitoses. Additional immunohistochemistry studies confirmed immunoreactivity for CD68, CD45, CD45RO, and CD15 and were negative for CD3, CD20, melanoma cocktail, CD30, CD1a, CD34, HMB-45, and melan-A. Once the diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma was confirmed, antibiotics were stopped and radiation therapy was undertaken. Despite treatment, the patient's neurological status continued to decline and the patient died 126 days after initial presentation.
This case represents a rare confirmed example of CNS histiocytic sarcoma. A profound inflammatory infiltrate seen on pathology and green exudates seen intraoperatively make the condition difficult to distinguish from an abscess. Immunohistochemistry showing a histiocytic origin and negative for myeloid, dendritic, or other lymphoid markers is essential for the diagnosis. Further research is needed to establish consensus on treatment.
Minimally invasive lateral retroperitoneal transpsoas interbody fusion for L4–5 spondylolisthesis: clinical outcomes
Authors: Ahmadian Amir , Verma Sean , Mundis Gregory M. , Oskouian Rod J. , Smith Donald A. , Uribe Juan S. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectIn this study the authors report on the clinical outcomes, safety, and efficacy of lateral retroperitoneal transpsoas minimally invasive surgery–lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-LIF) at the L4–5 disc space in patients with spondylolisthesis. This approach has become an increasingly popular means of fusion. Its most frequent complication is lumbar plexus injury. Reported complication rates at the L4–5 disc space vary widely in the literature, bringing into question the safety of MIS-LIF for the L4–5 region, especially in patients with spondylolisthesis.MethodsThe authors retrospectively reviewed prospectively acquired multicenter databases of patients with Grade I and II L4–5 spondylolisthesis who had undergone elective MIS-LIF between 2008 and 2011. Clinical follow-up had been scheduled for 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Outcome measures included estimated blood loss, operative time, length of hospital stay, integrity of construct, complications, fusion rates, visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36).ResultsEighty-four patients with L4–5 MIS-LIF were identified, 31 of whom met the study inclusion criteria: 26 adults with Grade I and 5 adults with Grade II L4–5 spondylolisthesis who had undergone elective MIS-LIF and subsequent posterior percutaneous pedicle screw fixation without surgical manipulation of the posterior elements (laminectomy, foraminotomy, facetectomy). The study cohort consisted of 9 males (29%) and 22 females (71%) with an average age of 61.5 years. The mean total blood loss was 94 ml (range 20–250 ml). The mean hospital stay and follow-up were 3.5 days and 18.2 months, respectively. The average score on the ODI improved from 50.4 preoperatively to 30.9 at the last follow-up (p < 0.0001). The SF-36 score improved from 38.1 preoperatively to 59.5 at the last follow-up (p < 0.0001). The VAS score improved from 69.9 preoperatively to 38.7 at the last follow-up (p < 0.0001). No motor weakness or permanent deficits were documented in any patient. Correction of deformity did not have any neurological complications. All patients had improvement in anterolisthesis. Residual postoperative listhesis across cases was noted in 4 patients (12.9%). Transient anterior thigh numbness (Sensory Dermal Zone III) was noted in 22.5% of patients.ConclusionsWith its established surgical corridors through the retroperitoneum and psoas muscle, the MIS-LIF combined with posterior percutaneous pedicle screw fixation/reduction is a safe, reproducible, and effective technique for patients with symptomatic degenerative spondylolisthesis at the L4–5 vertebral segment.
A corpus-based investigation into the use of metaphor in British business journalism
Authors: Partington Alan 
Published: July 2013

L’article présente une analyse de la nature des métaphores récurrentes dans le discours journalistique des affaires. L’analyse est conduite principalement à partir d’un corpus de textes. À la lumière des résultats observés, on tente une comparaison entre deux importantes théories modernes de la métaphore : pragmatique et cognitive. La méthode utilisée pour cette analyse paraît productive, ou pourra l’étendre à l’étude de nombreux aspects lexicaux de genres particuliers.
Effect of habitat type and pitfall trap installation on captures of epigaeic arthropod assemblages in the boreal forest
Authors: Bergeron J.A. Colin , Spence John R. , Volney W. Jan A. , Pinzon Jaime , Hartley Dustin J. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIt is unrealistic to achieve high-resolution biodiversity inventories required to support local conservation strategies over large areas; however, benchmark associations between arthropods and ecosystem classification can support landscape scale biomonitoring. We investigated habitat associations of ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae), staphylinid beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), and carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in three forest ecosystems in northwestern Alberta, Canada and also studied the effect of variation in depth of pitfall trap installation on catch. Composition and diversity of all three taxa were correlated with the ecosystem classification map, and 20 species were strong indicators of particular habitats. The black spruce (Picea mariana(Miller) Britton, Sterns, and Poggenburg; Pinaceae) bog supported fewer species and individuals of beetles but this trend was not observed for spiders because of natural history traits associated with their performance in this environment. Pitfall trapping biases were constant among habitats enabling proper comparison of ground-dwelling invertebrate assemblages. Three species of beetles (Agonum retractumLeConte (Coleoptera: Carabidae),Pterostichus brevicornis(Kirby) (Coleoptera: Carabidae), andQuedius veloxSmetana (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)) were disproportionally active beneath the soil surface, as catches were greater in pitfall traps with the lip situated 15–25 cm below the soil surface. Thus, even highly standardised trap placement will influence the concept of biodiversity achieved through pitfall trapping, because some target organisms are disproportionately active in subterranean zones.
Reduction of the Regularization Error of the Method of Regularized Stokeslets for a Rigid Object Immersed in a Three-Dimensional Stokes Flow
Authors: Nguyen Hoang-Ngan , Cortez Ricardo 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWe focus on the problem of evaluating the velocity field outside a solid object moving in an incompressible Stokes flow using the boundary integral formulation. For points near the boundary, the integral is nearly singular, and accurate computation of the velocity is not routine. One way to overcome this problem is to regularize the integral kernel. The method of regularized Stokeslet (MRS) is a systematic way to regularize the kernel in this situation. For a specific blob function which is widely used, the error of the MRS is only of first order with respect to the blob parameter. We prove that this is the case for radial blob functions with decay propertyϕ(r)=O(r−3−α) whenr→∞ for some constantα>1. We then find a class of blob functions for which the leading local error term can be removed to get second and third order errors with respect to blob parameter. Since the addition of these terms might give a flow field that is not divergence free, we introduce a modification of these terms to make the divergence of the corrected flow field close to zero while keeping the desired accuracy. Furthermore, these dominant terms are explicitly expressed in terms of blob function and so the computation time is negligible.