bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unmanned aerial vehicle trajectory tracking algorithm comparison
Authors: Wilburn Brenton K. , Perhinschi Mario G. , Moncayo Hever , Karas Ondrej , Wilburn Jennifer N. 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze and compare the performance of several different UAV trajectory tracking algorithms in normal and abnormal flight conditions to investigate the fault‐tolerant capabilities of a novel immunity‐based adaptive mechanism.Design/methodology/approachThe evaluation of these algorithms is performed using the West Virginia University (WVU) UAV simulation environment. Three types of fixed‐parameter algorithms are considered as well as their adaptive versions obtained by adding an immunity‐based mechanism. The types of control laws investigated are: position proportional, integral, and derivative control, outer‐loop nonlinear dynamic inversion (NLDI), and extended NLDI. Actuator failures on the three channels and increased turbulence conditions are considered for several different flight paths. Specific and global performance metrics are defined based on trajectory tracking errors and control surface activity.FindingsThe performance of all of the adaptive controllers proves to be better than their fixed parameter counterparts during the presence of a failure in all cases considered.Research limitations/implicationsThe immunity inspired adaptation mechanism has promising potential to enhance the fault‐tolerant capabilities of autonomous flight control algorithms and the extension of its use at all levels within the control laws considered and in conjunction with other control architectures is worth investigating.Practical implicationsThe WVU UAV simulation environment has been proved to be a valuable tool for autonomous flight algorithm development, testing, and evaluation in normal and abnormal flight conditions.Originality/valueA novel adaptation mechanism is investigated for UAV control algorithms with fault‐tolerant capabilities. The issue of fault tolerance of UAV control laws has only been addressed in a limited manner in the literature, although it becomes critical in the context of imminent integration of UAVs within the commercial airspace.
Understanding and advancing campus sustainability using a systems framework
Authors: Posner Stephen M. , Stuart Ralph 
Published: July 2013

PurposeUniversity campuses behave as complex systems, and sustainability in higher education is best seen as an emergent quality that arises from interactions both within an institution and between the institution and the environmental and social contexts in which it operates. A framework for strategically prioritizing campus sustainability work is needed. This paper seeks to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachFirst, a conceptual model is developed for understanding institutions of higher education as systems. Second, a leverage points framework is applied to experiences at the University of Vermont in order to evaluate campus sustainability efforts. Finally, real‐world examples are used to analyze and prioritize campus sustainability leverage points for advancing organizational change.FindingsThis systems thinking approach identifies key leverage points for actions to improve sustainability on campus. The leverage points framework is found to be valuable for: evaluating the potential of individual programs or actions to produce system‐wide change; coordinating individual programs into a strategic effort to improve the system; and making connections between campus and the surrounding social and environmental contexts. Advancing campus sustainability is found to be strengthened by particular ways of thinking and an organizational culture committed to continuous improvements and learning improved ways of doing business based on environmental and social, as well as institutional, benefits.Originality/valueCampus sustainability workers must develop a prioritization process for evaluating which ideas to move forward on first. Systems thinking can cultivate our ability to consciously redesign and work with the systems that are in place, to intentionally pursue organizational improvements, and to plan and coordinate sustainability programs with potential for big changes.
Creating a sustainable university and community through a Common Experience
Authors: López Omar S. 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThis article aims to provide an overview of Texas State University's Common Experience, an innovative initiative that engaged tens of thousands of people in shared consideration of sustainability as a single topic during academic year 2010‐2011.Design/methodology/approachThe discourse begins with an overview of the Common Experience from a pedagogical perspective based on five principles of effective instructional practice identified by the National Research Council (NRC) in their synthesis of the research from the fields of cognitive, developmental and educational psychology, and brain research on how people learn. Based on a case study research design, the article next provides detailed descriptions of course‐based and non‐course Common Experience activities, including examples from the year‐long initiative. The discourse then focuses on important elements organizers should consider when planning non‐course activities, followed by a description of the planning process needed to replicate the initiative at other institutions.FindingsBased on five principles of instructional practice, the Common Experience is a pedagogical innovation designed to cultivate a common intellectual conversation across the campus, to enhance students' participation in the intellectual life of the campus, and to foster a sense of community across the campus and extended community. In so doing, the Common Experience in sustainability inspired people on campus and in the community to change behavior and social policy, build scientific understanding, connect local environmental issues to global themes, and reshape values – components crucial to sustainability education.Originality/valueThe Common Experience is more likely to yield progress toward finding solutions to sustainability problems because it promotes engagement and input from all stakeholders within the campus and surrounding community through shared vision and face‐to‐face dialogue in a variety of contexts.
Leaders of school technology innovation
Authors: Liu Feng , Ritzhaupt Albert , Cavanaugh Cathy 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to describe a construct validation study of the Change Facilitator Style Questionnaire (CFSQ), an instrument designed to measure the leadership style of school principals as change facilitators.Design/methodology/approachParticipants included 614 K‐12 teachers across the state of Florida involved in the Enhancing Education Through Technology competitive grant program. Teachers completed the CFSQ to assess their overall perceptions of their principals in supporting a technology integration initiative. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed and carried out to verify the instrument factor structure. Five models were developed based on theory and practice, and were tested using CFA.FindingsThe results showed the evidence of the CFSQ's reliability and validity.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research was recommended based on the results and limitations of this study.Originality/valueLittle research has connected principal style to classroom technology adoption. The researchers conducted the reliability and validity testing on the CFSQ, an instrument designed to measure the leadership style of the school principal as a change facilitator. This study provides important validity evidence for the broader implementation of the CFSQ in future research studies. It could shed light on the design and development of a rigorous instrument in educational research. It can promote more research on technology‐supported education and student learning outcomes considering the need for more reliable and valid instruments in this field.
Ethical blind spots in leading for learning: an Australian study
Authors: Bezzina Michael 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThis study aims to explore the dynamics by which exposure to a moral rationale is given expression in schools, and how this is perceived as impacting on teaching, leadership practice and student outcomes.Design/methodology/approachA total of 11 Australian schools were part of a project in which they were supported in applying a conceptual framework involving moral purpose, learning and leadership to self‐selected improvement initiatives. Extensive focus group interviews with the school project teams were analysed to identify recurrent themes, and to illustrate the dynamics of engagement with moral purpose.FindingsA significant insight that emerges from this study is that the movement towards increased moral sensitivity enhanced commitment to shared purpose. This movement provided a driver for ethically driven behavior. Part of the contribution of the intervention was to draw attention to these elements of moral purpose, which, in turn, increased teacher and leader sensitivity to their operation, and resulted in changed teacher practice and enhanced learning outcomes for students.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study highlight the potential of explicit attention to moral purpose in school communities, and suggest some points of emphasis for school leaders who are committed to improvement built on staff commitment.Originality/valueWhile many authors signal as a matter of principle the importance of moral purpose in schooling, and in the leadership of change, it is a comparatively under‐researched area in terms of its practical application. This study makes a contribution to addressing that gap.
Perspectives on “marginal crisis risk” and “leaning against the wind” from the capital structure of housing investments
Authors: Arne Borgersen Trond 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to relate the marginal crisis risk of Woodford to a number of financial fragility indicators. The paper expands the interest rate gap approach by considering the capital structure of investments and systemic risk, dating back to Modigliani‐Miller. The model allows for distinct impacts from asset inflation, leverage as well as incentives for speculative investments for a central bank that aims to lean against the wind.Design/methodology/approachFramed in terms of the housing market and household behaviour, the paper sets out an augmented loss function which takes a number of financial fragility indicators into account. By moving beyond the case where all risk increasing mechanisms are driven by external monetary policy shocks, the approach shows why a central bank should be inclined to lean against the wind even in the absence of interest rate gaps.FindingsTaking the return to equity into account, and moving beyond the case where all risk increasing mechanisms are related to external monetary policy shocks, the paper shows why a central bank might be inclined to lean against the wind even in the absence of interest rate gaps. The context‐specific nature of the monetary transmission mechanism in general, and the structure of the risk taking channel more specifically, calls for both internal financial market features as well as the link between financial markets and the real economy to impact on how and when to lean.Originality/valueThere seems to be increased awareness of the need to take financial stability considerations in monetary policy. In fact, Woodford argues that the balance between financial stability objectives and price and output stability is part of the choice when choosing between alternative short run paths for monetary policy. By taking a conventional approach to the capital structure of investments, this paper integrates asset inflation, leverage and incentives for speculation into a central bank's loss function in a way that to the best of the author's knowledge is novel.
Bank risks, capital and loan supply: evidence from Sierra Leone
Authors: Osei‐Assibey Eric , Augustine Bockarie Baimba 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe study aims to investigate the factors that influence banks' loan supply in Sierra Leone. More specifically, it seeks to look into the effects of risk premium, leverage ratio and credit risk on banks' loan supply in Sierra Leone.Design/methodology/approachUsing annual bank level data on an unbalanced panel of 13 commercial banks data observed over a period of ten years (2002 to 2011), the study employs time and bank‐specific fixed effects model for estimation.FindingsThe findings indicate that risk premium, the share of non‐performing loans in the banks' loan portfolio, tier 1 capital ratio (leverage ratio) and local currency deposit levels positively and significantly affect the share of loan supply to the private sector in banks' earning assets. On the other hand, advances to local currency deposit ratio and bank size have significant negative effects on the share of loans in banks assets. The study also finds bank type and the growth rate of real GDP (a proxy for economic activity) to be important determinants of the share of loans in banks' earning assets.Practical implicationsThe study recommends that the monetary authorities, banking practitioners and the government should pay keen attention to the key risk factors such as non‐performing loans and risk premium in the operation of the banking sector to boost commercial banks' loan supply.Originality/valueSierra Leone's banking sector presents a unique opportunity to study bank loan supply in relation to bank‐specific features in the context of post‐war financial reconstruction.
Brand and category design consistency in brand extensions
Authors: Sheng Goh Yi , Chattaraman Veena , Forsythe Sandra 
Published: July 2013

Purpose– This study aims to investigate the influence of two critical brand extension design components–brand design consistency and category design consistency–on the formation of consumers ' product attitudes and purchase intentions. It also aims to examine the underlying mechanism for attitude formation towards new brand extensions using processing fluency theory and the moderation of brand strength.Design/methodology/approach– A 2 (brand design consistency: high vs low)×2 (category design consistency: high vs low)×2 (brand strength: strong vs weak)×2 (processing fluency: conceptual vs perceptual) between subjects experiment with 642 participants was used to test the proposed hypotheses and model.Findings– Results obtained from SEM and ANCOVA demonstrate that both brand and category design consistencies assert significant effects on new product attitude in brand extensions; however, the relative effect of category design consistency is greater. Further, the effect of category design consistency varies as a function of brand strength, and is stronger for weak brands than for strong brands.Practical implications– Brand managers should maintain consistency of extension product design with both the parent brand and the new product category, and prioritize the latter for weak brands.Originality/value– This study integrates brand extension and aesthetics research on prototypicality to formulate and test important research questions, previously unexamined. Further, realistically-rendered product images, allowing both conceptual and perceptual processing, were used in the experiment to provide a better imitation of real product choices – an approach different from most extant brand extension studies, which utilize verbal stimuli.
Better branding: brand names can influence consumer choice
Authors: Hillenbrand Philipp , Alcauter Sarael , Cervantes Javier , Barrios Fernando 
Published: July 2013

Purpose
– Researchers agree that the choice of brand name for a product can alter the consumers
'
judgment about the product and their purchase decision-making process. With competition getting fiercer and product quality becoming more homogenous, a “better” brand name can be decisive in product choice if the consumers compare several products. The purpose of this research is to offer new physiological insights about how brand names are processed in the consumer
'
s brain in order to identify potential determinants of “better” brand names.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using valence and activation ratings, reaction time, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the authors show the interaction of key brand name dimensions with the consumer purchase decision-making process, as well as the neurophysiological basis of consumer preference for certain types of brand names.

Findings
– The authors
'
research shows that it has a positive effect on consumer choice to include in the brand name hints at the key benefits of the underlying product.

Practical implications
– The authors
'
results demonstrate that fMRI is able to provide important insights for brand practitioners.

Originality/value
– Current research has neither focused on the interaction of brand name dimensions with the consumer purchase decision-making process nor provided insight about the physiological drivers of brand perception. In their research, the authors applied for the first time neurophysiological methodologies and fMRI to questions related to brand names, resolving questions that have not been answered due to the methodological limitations of social sciences.
Separation and reconnection episodic organizational arenas in the strategic process
Authors: Kastberg Gustaf 
Published: July 2013

PurposeWithin the strategy as practice field several studies have recently paid attention to organizational arenas like meetings, workshops and away‐days. There has, however, been a tendency to focus on what happens “inside” separated organizational arenas. The aim of the paper is to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between the separated organizational arenas and other organizational activities in the strategizing process.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is conceptual. The framework rests on Niklas Luhmann's social systems theory and draws on recent empirical studies.FindingsThe main contribution of the article is the presentation of a theoretically well‐founded framework that further specifies and problematizes the relationships of separated organizational arenas. By focusing and conceptualizing the conditions for separation and reconnection, a foundation for analyzing the interconnectedness between different arenas is provided.Practical implicationsThe paper contributes to our understanding of phenomena like meetings and work‐shops in the strategic process.Originality/valueThe framework is in line with, and expands the theorizing that Hendry and Seidl (2003) initiated about strategic episodes and the theorizing about first and second order observations in strategic processes initiated by Schreyögg and Kliesch‐Eberl (2007).
Does intervalling effect affect ETFs?
Authors: Milonas Nikolaos T. , Rompotis Gerasimos G. 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the intervalling effect bias in ETFs' systematic risk expressed by beta. The authors' findings reveal the existence of a significant intervalling effect on ETFs' beta obtained by the ordinary least squares method (OLS). Also investigated is the impact of ETFs' capitalization on beta. Results provide evidence that small cap ETFs have greater betas than large cap ETFs. Results also reveal that the OLS beta of all ETFs increases when the return interval is lengthened regardless of capitalization. The impact of ETFs' trading activity on systematic risk is assessed too. Findings give evidence that the OLS betas of the ETFs that trade infrequently are biased downwards while the beta of the frequently traded ETFs is biased upwards. Finally, the paper reveals a strong intervalling effect on ETFs' tracking error.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ a sample of 40 broad‐based ETFs listed on Nasdaq Stock Exchange to test whether beta estimates change when the return interval measurement changes. Their data cover a maximum period of ten years starting from September 16, 1998 using daily, weekly and monthly return data. The authors estimate beta applying three alternative methods: the market model applied with the OLS method, the Scholes and Williams model (SW beta) and the Dimson model (Dim beta).FindingsResults indicate that the average beta of ETFs derived by the OLS method increases when the return interval increases. The differences among the daily, weekly and monthly OLS betas are statistically significant at the 1 per cent level. This finding implies a strong intervalling effect bias in ETFs' OLS beta. On the other hand, the authors did not find any statistically significant differences in daily, weekly and monthly Scholes and Williams and Dimson betas. Moreover, results show that the daily and weekly OLS and Scholes and Williams betas and weekly OLS and Dimson betas are significantly different from each other.Originality/valueIn this paper using a sample of 40 broad‐based ETFs listed on Nasdaq Stock Exchange, the authors have examined various issues concerning: the intervalling effect bias in ETFs' systematic risk, the relation between beta and capitalization of ETFs, the relation between beta and trading frequency of ETFs and, finally, the intervalling effect bias in ETFs' tracking error. While the literature on intervalling effect on securities' beta and the relation between systematic risk and market value and trading activity is voluminous, this is the first attempt to examine these issues with respect to ETFs.
The explanatory power of earnings for stock returns in the pre‐ and post‐IFRS era
Authors: Negakis Christos I. 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThis study aims to examine the effects of the introduction of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on the explanatory power of earnings for stock returns in Greece.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses variants of the Easton and Harris model. Moreover, the study controls for asymmetries in the information content of earnings and losses.FindingsThe findings show that the IFRS had several effects on the value relevance of earnings. In particular, the available information content of both earnings and earning changes decreased after the introduction of the IFRS. The reduction in the information content of earnings for returns (or the information content of book values of equity for stock prices) could be attributed to the IFRS and, in particular, to the introduction of the fair value principle. Moreover, even after controlling for the existence of asymmetries, the findings of reduced information content of earnings and earning changes for stock returns persist.Originality/valueThe study makes a significant contribution to the research of the implementation of the IFRS. In particular, the study examines the adoption of a set of high quality standards in a country where accounting was dominated by tax laws and governmental intervention.