bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Landscape and Seasonal Controls on Soil CO2 Fluxes in a Karst Sinkhole
Authors: Thompson Taryn K. , Mclaughlin Daniel L. , Schreiber Madeline E. , Stewart Ryan D. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas diffusion is an important component of carbon cycling in soils. This process is particularly relevant in karst landscapes, which contain easily weathered rock, subsurface fractures, and cave networks. We instrumented three soil profiles—the shoulder, back slope, and toe slope of a sinkhole—above a karst cave in Virginia. Each profile had solid-state CO2 sensors and soil water content/temperature sensors at 20 and 60 cm depth that collected hourly measurements from 2017 to 2019. We calculated CO2 fluxes using Fick’s first law along with measured soil and assumed atmospheric CO2 concentrations. With this approach, we identified occasional near-surface zero-flux planes, in which CO2 likely diffused both upward and downward. All profiles had upward CO2 fluxes during warm-season months, with maximum fluxes of 1.2 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1 in the shoulder and back slope versus 2.0 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1 in the toe slope. During cool-season months, upward CO2 fluxes were smaller (0–0.3 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1) and were often counteracted by downward fluxes in the toe slope, possibly driven by ventilation into the underlying cave. The toe slope had a cumulative annual efflux of 14.5 mol CO2 m−2, which was &gt;3 times greater than the other profiles. Fluxes were sensitive to soil porosity, with an order-of-magnitude difference when porosity was assumed to be 0.40 versus 0.56 cm3 cm−3. The results of this study offer new insight into short-term and seasonal variations in diffusive CO2 gas transport in karst soils, and they may inform other investigations of non-uniform diffusion processes.
Recommended Planning and Response for Hazardous Material Releases in Karst Terrains
Authors: Schindel Geary M. , Rosen Rudolph , Schindel Graham M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the United States, as much as 20 percent of the land surface is considered karst, and 40 percent of the groundwater for municipal and domestic consumption comes from karst aquifers. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has recognized karst aquifers as the groundwater type most vulnerable to contamination from anthropogenic sources, including hazardous materials and other pollutants. This paper presents a series of recommendations to assist first responders, water resource managers, and community leaders during a hazardous materials release in karst terrains. Hazardous materials releases have the potential to adversely impact human health and the environment. Karst aquifers are noted for rapid and direct recharge through caves, sinkholes, and sinking streams; groundwater velocities can exceed 1 km per day and are often complex and poorly understood. Best management practices in karst include pre-event planning, response, remediation, and long-term monitoring for hazardous materials releases.
Geologic Model for Alluvium-Buttressed Landslides
Authors: Johnson Philip L. , Nolan Samuel W. , Shires Patrick O. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Large, deep-seated landslides typically occur in hillside settings without any natural buttressing, and many of these landslides remain relatively unstable and prone to reactivation. However, where large, deep-seated landslides have moved into incised valleys that subsequently experienced alluvial aggradation, a natural buttress of alluvium may cover the toes of these landslides, increasing stability. This study presents three examples of large, deep-seated landslides that are buttressed by Quaternary alluvium. The McCracken Hill Landslide in southern California and the Potrero Canyon Landslide Complex in central California are proximal to the Pacific coast. The Knights Valley Landslide Complex in northern California is much farther inland than the other examples. We analyzed the stability of one of the example landslides to demonstrate that a buttress of alluvium increases stability. In most settings, base level primarily controls alluvial aggradation. Base-level rise may result from either climatically driven late Quaternary eustatic sea-level rise or local factors such as damming of streams or downstream tectonic uplift. Late Quaternary eustatic sea-level rise caused alluvial aggradation at the McCracken Hill and Potrero Canyon sites. Downstream tectonic uplift likely caused local base-level rise and alluvial aggradation at Knights Valley.
Need for a Multi-Sensor Monitoring Approach for Embankment Failures: Lessons Learned from the Edenville Dam Failure
Authors: Thomas Jobin , Klida Ryan , Oommen Thomas , K.S. Sajinkumar , Zhang Bin , Hu Xie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Edenville Dam, an earthen embankment in Midland, MI, failed on May 19, 2020, after 3 days of elevated rainfall (3.83–8.0 in.; 9.7–20 cm), which caused flooding downstream of the dam. Dam infrastructure similar to that at the Edenville Dam is not uncommon in the United States and hence requires periodic monitoring. A pre-failure analysis was conducted in the dam to explore the application of remote sensing in dam monitoring. Persistent scatterer interferometry (PSI), a form of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry, was used to analyze 97 Sentinel-1 images to measure the line-of-sight (LOS) displacement prior to the failure. The PSI analysis showed hardly any signs of deformation at the failure location and implied stable embankments with velocities ranging from 3.1 to −5.4 mm/yr. The soil moisture index (SMI) derived using 14 Landsat-8 images between 2016 and 2020 suggested the presence of subsurface seepage and a potential failure zone. This study illustrates the requirement for multi-sensor remote sensing–based approaches for continuous dam monitoring and analysis.
Effect of Various Aspects of Joints on Permeability of Jointed Glacial Till, Northeastern Ohio
Authors: Prvanovic Aleksandar , Shakoor ABDUL 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Glacial till bluffs along Lake Erie’s shoreline, northeastern Ohio, contain three sets of joints that influence the hydraulic behavior of till mass like joints in rock influence the hydraulic behavior of rock mass. According to the Unified Soil Classification System, the till classifies as low plasticity silt to low plasticity clay, with a clay content of 36–41 percent. Mineralogically, it consists of quartz, illite, and kaolinite. The joints in till are either open or filled with sand, silt, or both from the overlying lacustrine material or with disintegrated till from the joint walls. We used double-ring infiltration and dye tests to estimate field permeability. Laboratory permeability tests were performed on dry and saturated samples of till material, with manually created joints that were either kept open or filled with sand or disintegrated till material to simulate field conditions. Field and laboratory test results showed that permeability of jointed till depended upon whether the joints were open or filled, the nature of the joint-filling material, and the water content of the till (dry versus saturated) and that permeability generally decreased with increasing test time. Dry samples exhibited a substantially larger decrease in permeability than saturated samples, with the largest decrease occurring during the first 24 hours. Open joints in dry samples collapsed during the test procedure, and the permeability of these samples was generally similar to the permeability of the collapsed till material. Permeability tests on saturated samples with open joints were inconclusive. We present a comparison of field and laboratory test results.
Computational Analysis of Marburg Virus Envelope Glycoproteins: Insights from Bioinformatics and Genomics
Authors: Polanco Carlos , Huberman Alberto , Uversky Vladimir N. , Rios Castro Martha , Becerra-Luna Brayans , Lemus Enrique Hernandez , Pimentel-Hernández Claudia , Martínez-Garcia Mireya , Buhse Thomas , Juárez Cynthia Karen Gutierrez , Alarcon Gilberto Vargas , Corona Gabriela Calvo-Leroux , Roldan Gomez Francisco J. , Díaz-González Juan Luciano , Martinez-Memije Raul , Flores Ch Pedro L. 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Marburg virus (MARV), which is spread by one species of fruit bats, can
cause deadly Marburg virus disease (MVD, also known as Marburg hemorrhagic fever, MHF),
which is a severe form of viral hemorrhagic fever with symptoms similar to Ebola. MARV is considered
to be very dangerous, and there are no approved vaccines or antiviral treatments for Marburg
disease.

Objective:
Computational studies were conducted to comprehend the envelope glycoproteins GP1
and GP2 expressed by the Marburg virus.

Methods:
Determination of the predicted intrinsic disorder predisposition of each glycoprotein sequence
(PIDP) and the Polarity Index Method Profile 3.0v (PIM 3.0v) using genomics software and
multiple computer algorithms, several of which have been specifically designed for this purpose.

Results:
The PIM 3.0v and PIDP profiles showed different MARV envelope glycoprotein patterns.
These patterns revealed structural and morphological commonalities.

Conclusions:
Our computer systems were able to identify MARV envelope glycoprotein isolates
using the PIM 3.0v profile, and they suggest that they can be used as a first-step filter for identifying
them from databases or building synthetic proteins.
pengaruh pemberian campuran madu dan kuning telur terhadap kualitas spermatozoa,fertilitas dan daya tetas ayam sentul
Authors: Yustiti Aida , Husmaini Husmaini , Jaswandi Jaswandi 
Published: July 2024

Madu dan kuning telur merupakan salah satu feed suplement yang mengandung antioksidan sangat tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Kualitas Spermatozoa ayam jantan Sentul yang diberi madu dan kuning telur sebelum Inseminasi Buatan terhadap kualitas spermatozoa,fertilitas,dan daya tetas telur.Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap Pola Faktorial dengan 3 kali ulangan.Faktor A pemberian madu padaayam jantan Sentul dengan 4 level yaitu 0 ml (kontrol),3 ml madu,5 ml madu, dan 7 ml madu.Faktor B pemberian kuning telur pada ayam jantan Sentul dengan 4 level yaitu 0 ml kuning telur (kontrol),3 ml kuning telur,5 ml kuning telur,dan 7 ml kuning telur.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan analisis statistik terdapat interaksi sangat nyata (P< 0,01) antara kombinasi perlakuan yaitu pemberian madu dan kuning telur terhadap volume semen (0,85ml),konsentrasi spermatozoa (3,92 x 109),motilitas spermatozoa (90,00%), abnormalitas spermatozoa(5,00%), fertilitas telur (91,67%),mortalitas embrio(7%),dan daya tetas telur(93%). Dari hasil penelitianÂ dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian 5 ml madu dan 5 ml kuning telur yang terbaik
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Tapak Liman (Elephantopus Scaber L ) Terhadap Bakteri Shigella Dysenteriae Dengan Metode Difusi Cakra,
Authors: Zendrato Baby Cikita Lestari , Nasution Sri Wahyuni , Lubis Nursoleha , Silaban Saharan R 
Published: July 2024

Penyakit disentriÂ merupakan peradangan pada usus yang disebabkan oleh bakteri shigella dan dapat menimbulkan gangguan fisiologis tubuh sehingga penyakit iniÂ menjadi masalah kesehatan yang perlu untuk diperhatikan. Daun Tapak Liman ( Elephantopus Scaber L ) mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang tinggi, fenol dan saponin yang dilaporkan memiliki antioksidan, antibakteri, antivirus dan antiradang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas ekstrak etanol daun tapak liman ( Elephantopus Scaber L ) Â sebagai antibakteri dan untuk mengetahui nilai kadar bunuh minimal untuk bakteri Shigella sp. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian True Experimental Post-Test Only Control Group Design dimana Daun Tapak Liman diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi dan diletakkan pada media MHA yang ditumbuhi oleh bakteri. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistic menggunakan uji regresi didapatkan nilai t hitung 4,336 > 2,178 sehingga terdapat pengaruh ekstrak Daun Tapak Liman dengan zona hambat sebesar 65,4%.
EFEKTIVITAS PRP TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PROFIL LIPID DARAH TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (Rattus Norvegicus) DIABETES MELITUS YANG DI INDUKSI STREPTOZOTOCIN
Authors: Simarmata Hans Pangestu , Saragih Reyini Namora L. , Pasaribu Jelita Pebriani , Sitorus Josua Panangian , Chiuman Linda , Janice Janice 
Published: July 2024

Diabetes melitus menjadi masalah penyakit di Indonesia akibat ketidakmampuan pankreas untuk memproduksi insulin sehingga proses metabolisme tubuh menjadi terganggu. Platelet Rich Plasma banyak diketahui menjadi pengobatan di berbagai bidang kedokteran karenaÂ mengandung banyak faktor-faktor pertumbuhan (GFs) yang berguna untuk memicu pertumbuhan, regenerasi jaringan, dan sel. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektifitas PRP dengan dosis 0.5, 1.0, dan 1,5 ml/kg BB terhadap perbaikan profil lipid. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan pembuatan PRP dilakukan dua kali sentrifugasi, selanjutnya dibagi kepada Â masing-masing perlakuan tiap kelompok diberikan sebanyak dua kali seminggu selama tiga minggu. Uji Shapiro-wilk digunakan untuk data berdistribusi normal dilanjutkan uji Kruskal-Wallis diikuti dengan analisa Mann-whitney dengan nilai signifikan P < 0.05, yaitu terdapat pengaruh pemberian PRP dengan perbaikan kadar profil lipid. Dosis PRP 0.5 ml/kg BB memberikan efek perbaikkan profil lipid kecuali kadar HDL dan dibutuhkan dosis PRP yang lebih tinggi untuk meningkatkan secara signifikan kadar HDL dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol.Â Â Â
PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI TEPUNG KULIT BIJI KAKAO PADA SOFT COOKIES TERHADAP KANDUNGAN GIZI DAN DAYA TERIMA KONSUMEN ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Medita Havana Zahra , Rusilanti Rusilanti , Sukmawati Dalia 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh substitusi tepung kulit biji kakao pada soft cookies terhadap kandungan gizi dan daya terima konsumen anak usia sekolah dasar. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah soft cookies subtitusi tepung kulit biji kakao dengan tiga perlakuan, yaitu persentase 10%, 20%, dan 30%. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tahapan awal adalah pengujian proksimat dari kandungan gizi soft cookies dan pengujian organoleptik yang dilakukan oleh 20 orang panelis tidak terlatih siswa SD Bani Saleh 1 dan 20 orang panelis tidak terlatih siswa SDN Margahayu VIII dengan aspek penilaian meliputi aspek rasa, warna, aroma, dan tekstur. Hasil dari data uji proksimat menunjukkan bahwa soft cookies yang sudah memenuhi persyaratan mutu standar nasional kandungan gizi adalah kadar protein dan kadar lemak. Hasil dari data uji Friedman menunjukkan bahwa soft cookies yang banyak disukai siswa dan siswi SD Bani Saleh 1 adalah soft cookies dengan persentase substistusi 10% dengan nilai rata-rata aspek rasa 3,80, aspek aroma 3,50, dan aspek tekstur 3,60. Sedangkan dari data uji Friedman menunjukkan bahwa soft cookies yang banyak disukai siswa dan siswi SDN Margahayu VIII adalah soft cookies dengan persentase substistusi 30% dengan nilai rata-rata aspek rasa 3,60 dan aspek tekstur 3,65. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini bahwa formula terbaik dari soft cookies substitusi tepung kulit biji kakao berdasarkan uji organoleptik di dua sekolah dasar dan uji proksimat yang telah dilakukan adalah soft cookies dengan substitusi 10%.
Identifikasi Jenis Dan Karakteristik Sarang Lebah Madu Tanpa Sengat (Stingless Bee) Di Peternakan Lebah Simpur Desa Kecapi
Authors: Rudini Mahmud , Monita Dwi Niken Kristyanti , Kuswanto Eko , Listiana Ika 
Published: July 2024

Peternakan lebah madu Simpur merupakan peternakan yang mengusung gaya wisata edukasi yang berada di kaki gunung Rajabasa Kalianda Lampung Selatan. Lebah madu tanpa sengat (Stingless Bee) memiliki peran penting dalam penyerbukan tanaman dan pelestrian lingkungan. Lebah tanpa sengat dalam melindungi dirinya hanya menggunakan gigitannya sebagai pertahanan terhadap serangan musuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis lebah tanpa sengat dan menganalisis karakteristik dari sarang lebah madu tanpa sengat yang terdapat di peternakan lebah madu Simpur desa Kecapi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei eksploratif. Data yang dikumpulkan terdiri dari pengamatan secara langsung lebah dan karakteristik sarang lebah tanpa sengat yang ditemukan, mengumpulkan sampel lebah dan mengidentifikasinya. Identifikasi lebah tanpa sengat dilakukan melalui analisis morfologi. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan 4 spesies lebah madu tanpa sengat yang berada di kawasan peternakan lebah madu Simpur, Desa Kecapi Kalianda Lampung Selatan yaitu, Heterotrigona itama, Lepidotrigona terminata, Tetrigona apicalis, dan Geniotrigona thoracica. Karakteristik sarang lebah tanpa sengat terbuat dari resin dengan pembagian ruangan yang terdiri dari bagian pintu masuk, pot madu dan pot bee bread dan sel-sel anakan.
Kariotipe Rana chalconota Kompleks yang Terdapat di Sumatera Barat Karyotype of Rana chalconota Complex in West Sumatera
Authors: Djong Hon TJONG 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT. StudyÂ ofÂ thekaryotypeRanachalconotacomplexin WestSumatrahasÂ beenÂ carriedÂ out fromÂ April to AugustÂ 2010. SamplesÂ wereÂ collectedÂ fromÂ HPPBandthenÂ analyzed atÂ the LaboratoryÂ of Geneticsand Cytology BiologyÂ DepartmentÂ ofÂ FMIPA AndalasÂ University Padang. TheÂ purposeÂ ofÂ this study is determine thekaryotypeof the frog speciespreviously classified asR.chalconotathen described asRanaÂ rufipesÂ and Ranaparvaccolain WestSumatra.Â TheÂ objectÂ wasÂ prepared byÂ using airdrying method.Â The dataÂ wasÂ analyzedÂ bytheÂ statisticalÂ test Mann-WhitneyÂ Utest andWilcoxonU-Statistics. The results showed that the Ranarufipes has 13pairsof the chromosomesconsistingofonepair of the submetacentricchromosomesand12pairs of the metacentricchromosomes. Ranaparvaccolaalsohas 13pairsofÂ chromosomesconsistingofthree pairsÂ ofÂ the submetacentricchromosomesand10pairsÂ of the metacentric chromosomes. The secondtype has 6pairs oflarge classesand7pairs ofsmallgroups. Keywords: Rana chalconotacomplex, Ranarufipes, Ranaparvaccola, karyotype ABSTRAK. Penelitian mengenaiÂ KariotipeRana chalconotakompleksÂ yang terdapatÂ diÂ Sumatera Barat telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Aprilâ€“Agustus 2010. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di Hutan Pendidikan danÂ PenelitianÂ BiologiÂ kemudianÂ dilanjutkanÂ denganÂ pembuatanÂ preparatÂ diÂ LaboratoriumÂ GenetikaÂ dan Sitologi Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNAND Padang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kariotipe dari dua jenis baru katak yang semula dikelompokkan R. chalconotatetapi, sekarang dideskripsikan sebagai R.Â parvaccolaÂ dan R.Â rufipesÂ yangÂ terdapatÂ diÂ SumateraÂ Barat. PembuatanÂ preparatÂ dilakukanÂ dengan metode kering udara dan analisis data dilakukan dengan uji statistik Mann-Whitney U TestÂ dan Wilcoxon UÂ Statistik.Â HasilÂ penelitianÂ memperlihatkanÂ bahwaRanaÂ rufipesÂ memilikiÂ 13Â pasangÂ kromosomÂ yang terdiriÂ dariÂ satuÂ pasangÂ kromosomÂ submetasentrikÂ danÂ 12Â pasangÂ kromosomÂ metasentrik. Rana parvaccolaÂ jugaÂ memilikiÂ 13Â pasangÂ kromosomÂ yangÂ terdiriÂ dariÂ tigaÂ pasangÂ kromosomÂ submetasentrik dan 10 pasang kromosom metasentrik. Kedua jenis ini memiliki 6 pasang golongan besar dan 7 pasang golongan kecil. Kata Kunci:Rana chalconotakompleks, Ranarufipes, Ranaparvaccola, kariotipe
Approaches to vaccination of adults against pneumococcal disease in different countries of the world
Authors: Korovkin A. S. , Obukhov Yu. I. , Syatchikhina E. N. 
Published: July 2024

Various pneumococcal vaccines are available worldwide, differing in the range of serotypes coverage and type of vaccine, which determine different mechanisms of action and postvaccinal immunity. Vaccination against pneumococcal infection is recommended for both children and adults. Based on information from public sources, we analyzed recommendations for vaccination of adult patients in various countries. The information was summarized in the main blocks: the availability of government funding and vaccination programs for all persons depending on age; availability of government funding and vaccination programs for all patients with risk factors; availability of vaccination recommendations depending on age and risk factors, not funded by the state. The collected data also was analyzed according to vaccination schedules and recommended types of pneumococcal vaccines. In fact, few countries have included vaccination of adults in their preventive vaccination schedules. Pneumococcal disease vaccination in adults is primarily the prerogative of economically developed countries. Currently, there is a clear transition from mono-vaccination with the polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine PPV23 and combined vaccination regimens with a 13or 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine with revaccination with PPV23 to monovaccination with a 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Taking into account the spectrum of detected pneumococcal serotypes and molecular epidemiology data available in our country, the use of PCV20 can be considered justified.
Traveler-Related Mobile Application for Infectious Disease Self-Monitoring
Authors: Rahmasari Farindira Vesti , Damarjati Cahya , Selvyana Dita Ria , Imwong Mallika , Sahadewa Andhika 
Published: July 2024

Traveler apps for mobile devices such as smartphones are becoming more widely available. This study aimed to identify traveler infectious disease self-monitoring implementation strategies on a mobile application. It analyzed 73 journals from the PubMed database using the descriptive-analytic method. The records used in this exploration study were those released between 2018 and 2023 that were collected based on the keywords “travelers’ application;” or “infectious disease”. Data analysis was conducted using the VOS viewer software analytical tools.According to the findings; studies on traveler application domination with pandemic COVID-19 travel apps used. The study on mobile applications for traveler applications on infectious disease revealed four clusters of dominant themes: information about the COVID-19 outbreak; application related to diagnosis for travelers; measurement community mortality and risk; and respondent risk assessment. This study also looked at research patterns throughout time. Current research themes concern travel risk applications that can raise people’s knowledge of endemic areas; health risk avoidance; and early identification of infectious illness signs to recommend beginning management. Through bibliometric analysis and network visualization; the researchers summarized current developments in infectious disease for traveler’s research to shed light on their research frontier; trends; and hot themes. These findings could be useful for future research and views in this quickly evolving subject.
Do Geopolitical Risk and Economic Uncertainty Harm Bank Credit ?
Authors: Nadia Linda Putri , Krisnanda Krisnanda , Sa'adah Wahidatun Nailis , Yasin Rozaq Muhammad 
Published: July 2024

This study examines how economic uncertainty and geopolitical risks affect credit growth. It analyzes data from 47 Indonesian banks from 2008 to 2022. The study employs purposive sampling to select 47 Indonesian banks based on loan and financial data availability, resulting in 456 observation data. Economic uncertainty and geopolitical risk significantly reduce overall bank credit growth. Further investigation into different proxies of independent variables derived from various regression model specifications has a robust result indicating the negative impact on credit growth. The analysis highlights that lagged economic uncertainty and geopolitical risk values continue to impact current credit growth dynamics, emphasizing their persistent effects. Robustness tests further support these findings, confirming the negative impact of lagged economic uncertainty and geopolitical risk on credit growth. Based on the results, the study contributes to the literature on the effects of economic uncertainty and geopolitical risks on credit growth, supporting the real options theory and the precautionary motive hypothesis. It offers key policy recommendations: reduce economic uncertainty and geopolitical risk, monitor and manage their persistent impacts, strengthen financial system resilience through robust regulation, and promote sustainable economic growth via infrastructure investment, innovation, and structural reforms.