bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mis-Out and Mis-In Examples: The Case of Rational Numbers
Authors: Tirosh Dina , Tsamir Pessia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper focuses on the definitions and the mis-out and mis-in examples of rational numbers that four prospective elementary teachers presented while working on rational number assignments. The participants were first asked to respond, individually, to an Individual Rational Number Assignment, consisting of items aiming at detecting their personal concept definitions of rational numbers and identifying the entities that they regarded as rational numbers. Then, to share their work with another prospective teacher, to identify similarities and differences in their responses, and to list issues that were raised during the individual or pair work, that they would like to discuss in class. The data exposed a tendency to provide one definition of rational numbers, to identify the term “rational” with “natural”, not to include a clarification that a rational number is a number, and a controversy regarding including (or not including) a statement that b ≠ 0 in the definition. Other observations related to a tendency not to categorize negative numbers (and perhaps also zero) as rational numbers and an inconsistency between their responses to the question “what is a rational number?” and their classification of examples of rational numbers. Recommendations for topics for discussion with prospective teachers, in light of the responses to the assignments, are suggested and methodological issues for considerations are proposed.
The influence of artificial intelligence as a tool for future economies on accounting procedures: empirical evidence from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mgammal Mahfoudh Hussein 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the transformative influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on accounting procedures in Saudi Arabia by examining accounting professionals’ attitudes, understanding, and practices regarding AI implementation. Using a questionnaire-based survey distributed among accounting professionals in Saudi Arabia, data analysis was conducted using the partial least squares (PLS) technique. We find significant direct relationships between AI awareness and usage, AI engagement and accountants, and the impact of AI and accounting procedures. This finding suggests that accountants who are knowledgeable about and utilize AI are more likely to be engaged in AI, leading to positive changes in accounting procedures. Moreover, the robust positive relationship between AI’s impact on accounting procedures and accounting efficiency indicates a significant positive influence. The outcomes revealed that AI engagement and impact played significant mediating roles in these relationships. These findings suggest that, while AI awareness and usage alone can lead to improved accounting outcomes, the effect is mediated by the level of engagement with AI and its impact. We provide compelling evidence that AI positively affects the accounting profession. Accountants who are aware of and use AI are more likely to engage in and experience positive changes in their accounting procedures. We provide theoretical insights into the influence of AI on accounting procedures, offer valuable resources to academics, and suggest areas for future research. It equips practitioners with effective strategies for incorporating AI into their practices, highlighting the harnessing of AI’s transformative potential of AI while addressing potential challenges.
Cyclic Refiner: Object-Aware Temporal Representation Learning for Multi-view 3D Detection and Tracking
Authors: Guo Mingzhe , Zhang Zhipeng , Jing Liping , He Yuan , Wang Ke , Fan Heng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe propose a unified object-aware temporal learning framework for multi-view 3D detection and tracking tasks. Having observed that the efficacy of the temporal fusion strategy in recent multi-view perception methods may be weakened by distractors and background clutters in historical frames, we propose a cyclic learning mechanism to improve the robustness of multi-view representation learning. The essence is constructing a backward bridge to propagate information from model predictions (e.g., object locations and sizes) to image and BEV features, which forms a circle with regular inference. After backward refinement, the responses of target-irrelevant regions in historical frames would be suppressed, decreasing the risk of polluting future frames and improving the object awareness ability of temporal fusion. We further tailor an object-aware association strategy for tracking based on the cyclic learning model. The cyclic learning model not only provides refined features, but also delivers finer clues (e.g., scale level) for tracklet association. The proposed cycle learning method and association module together contribute a novel and unified multi-task framework. Experiments on nuScenes show that the proposed model achieves consistent performance gains over baselines of different designs (i.e., dense query-based BEVFormer, sparse query-based SparseBEV and LSS-based BEVDet4D) on both detection and tracking evaluation. Codes and models will be released.
Metabolic insights into HIV/TB co-infection: an untargeted urinary metabolomics approach
Authors: Olivier Cara , Luies Laneke 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Amid the global health crisis, HIV/TB co-infection presents significant challenges, amplifying the burden on patients and healthcare systems alike. Metabolomics offers an innovative window into the metabolic disruptions caused by co-infection, potentially improving diagnosis and treatment monitoring.

Aim
This study uses untargeted metabolomics to investigate the urinary metabolic signature of HIV/TB co-infection, enhancing understanding of the metabolic interplay between these infections.

Methods
Urine samples from South African adults, categorised into four groups — healthy controls, TB-positive, HIV-positive, and HIV/TB co-infected — were analysed using GCxGC-TOFMS. Metabolites showing significant differences among groups were identified through Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon rank sum tests.

Results
Various metabolites (n = 23) were modulated across the spectrum of health and disease states represented in the cohorts. The metabolomic profiles reflect a pronounced disruption in biochemical pathways involved in energy production, amino acid metabolism, gut microbiome, and the immune response, suggesting a bidirectional exacerbation between HIV and TB. While both diseases independently perturb the host’s metabolism, their co-infection leads to a unique metabolic phenotype, indicative of an intricate interplay rather than a simple additive effect.

Conclusion
Metabolic profiling revealed a unique metabolic landscape shaped by HIV/TB co-infection. The findings highlight the potential of urinary differential metabolites for co-infection, offering a non-invasive tool for enhancing diagnostic precision and tailoring therapeutic interventions. Future research should focus on expanding sample sizes and integrating longitudinal analyses to build upon these foundational insights, paving the way for metabolomic applications in combating these concurrent pandemics.
A Look into the Future: The Impact of Metaverse on Traditional Theories and Thinking in International Business
Authors: Saridakis George , Khan Zaheer , Knight Gary , Idris Bochra , Mitra Jay , Khan Huda 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecent advances in technology (e.g., the Internet of Things, Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, Cloud Services, Artificial Intelligence, and Blockchain), the shift towards digital products, and the increased use of digitalisation by firms have enhanced consumers’ experience and transformed how companies operate, create products/services, and offer value to multiple stakeholders on a global scale. These technological innovations have led to the phenomenon known as the Metaverse. The Metaverse does not refer to any one type of technology but is a broad (and often speculative) shift in how we interact with different technologies in the same space. In the context of International Business (IB), the recent emergence of Metaverse appears to make geographical, sectoral, and operational barriers less relevant, raising complex questions about how current IB theories can explain the world-spanning, sectorally fluid, and centrifugal behaviour of firms in the era of digital globalisation. In this paper, we obtain a critical understanding of the important opportunities and challenges that the Metaverse and the fluidity of digital technologies bring to the IB field. Specifically, we discuss how traditional theories can be effectively utilised to explain firms’ internationalisation, and adapted to reflect the new technological era. We propose a framework for new approaches to IB research to help advance research on Metaverse and IB, which can provide important opportunities for future work in this field.
Scanning Acoustic Microscopy Characterization of Cold-Sprayed Coatings Deposited on Grooved Substrates
Authors: Koller Martin , Cizek Jan , Janovská Michaela , Ševčík Martin , Kondas Jan , Singh Reeti , Seiner Hanuš 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe effect of non-planar substrate surface on homogeneity and quality of cold-sprayed (CS) deposits was studied by scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM). Fe coatings were cold-sprayed onto Al substrates containing artificially introduced grooves of square- and trapezoid-shaped geometries, with flat or cylindrical bottoms. The Al substrates were either wrought or cold-sprayed, to comprehend their prospective influence on the Fe coatings buildup. SAM was then used to assess morphological properties of the materials from the cross-view and top-view directions. The microstructure below the surface of the studied samples was visualized by measuring the amplitudes of the reflection echoes and the velocity of the ultrasonic waves. The SAM analysis revealed that the regions of coating imperfections around the grooves are larger than what is suggested by standard scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations. Furthermore, we found that the seemingly non-influenced coating regions that appear perfectly homogeneous and dense in SEM do, in fact, possess heterogeneous microstructure associated with the individual CS nozzle passes.
The missed crossing vessel during open pyeloplasty: a potential advantage of the robot-assisted approach in children
Authors: Abdulfattah Suhaib , Zirel Laura , Mittal Sameer , Srinivasan Arun , Shukla Aseem R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
To investigate whether the panoramic view offered by robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP) reduces the likelihood of missing a crossing vessel compared to open pyeloplasty in cases where initial pyeloplasty fails.

Methods
A single institution redo-pyeloplasty database was reviewed for children treated between January 2012 to July 2023. Clinical history, imaging and operative details were reviewed to identify the etiology for the redo procedure.

Results
Cohort consisted of 45 patients undergoing a redo RALP during the study period. 29 of 45 patients had an initial open surgical approach, whereas 16 had an initial RALP. 10 patients were noted to have a missed crossing vessel on redo pyeloplasty – 9 had an initial open approach whereas 1 had an initial RALP (p<0.0001).

Conclusions
RALP may reduce the risk of missing a crossing vessel due to the panoramic view of the surgical field intrinsic to an intraperitoneal RALP approach.
Meaning without Agency: The Establishment of Meaningful Time Relations as Prerequisite for the Emergence of Biosemiosis
Authors: Kusters Constantijn-Alexander 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article reexamines meaning, agency, and interpretation by challenging the view that they require primary or secondary agency. Using Paul Ricœur’s narrative temporality, it explores Terrence Deacon’s autogenic theory, reinterpreting it as a narrative process with non-agentic meaning by distinguishing between distended and displaced temporal relations. Distended relations pertain to agency and biosemiosis, while displaced relations involve the meaning found not in the entity but the processes which gave it a functionally historicized existence. Applying Ricœur’s analysis of temporal aporia and Deacon’s concept of zero, the article suggests that meaning in Deacon’s model mirrors the normative process of narrative interpretation. It emphasizes that primary agency requires meaningful organization for agentic action to have a self for which decisions matter, concluding that meaning, life, and primary agency are grounded in already existing displaced temporal relations resultant from proto-interpretative relations not bounded within an organism.
Changes and correlates of household food insecurity during COVID-19: a repeated cross-sectional survey of low-income households in peri-urban Peru
Authors: Pradeilles Rebecca , Eymard-Duvernay Sabrina , Pareja Rossina , Holdsworth Michelle , Landais Edwige , Creed-Kanashiro Hilary M. , Rousham Emily K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNational lockdowns and containment measures to control the spread of COVID-19 led to increased unemployment, lower household incomes and reduced access to affordable and nutritious foods globally. This study aimed to examine changes and correlates of household food insecurity experience and mitigation strategies adopted in peri-urban Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic. Low income households with children age < 2 years in Lima and Huánuco participated in three repeated cross-sectional surveys from 2020 to 2022 (n = 759). We assessed changes in household food insecurity experience using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale. Correlates of moderate-severe food insecurity were analysed using univariate and multivariable linear mixed-effect regressions. We also assessed perceived impacts of the pandemic on livelihoods, coping strategies and receipt of financial or food assistance. Moderate-severe food insecurity was 47.0% in 2020 (survey 1) decreasing to 31.1% in 2022 (survey 3). In adjusted analyses, food insecurity was higher in households with perceived reduced income (β = 12.69 [6.82; 18.56]); in the lower socio-economic status (SES) tertiles (compared to the relatively highest SES tertile; middle tertile (β = 20.91 [9.89; 31.93]), lowest tertile (β = 39.37 [28.35; 50.40]); in households with ≥ 2 children < 5 years (β = 8.78 [2.05; 15.50]); and in Lima (compared to Huánuco; β = 10.47 [1.27; 19.67]). Food insecurity improved more among the relatively lowest SES compared to the relatively highest SES households between survey 1 and 3 (interaction p = 0.007). In conclusion, almost half of households experienced moderate-severe food insecurity mid-pandemic with greater risk observed in the most socio-economically disadvantaged households. The inequality gap in food insecurity associated with SES narrowed over time likely due to household coping strategies and reduced poverty.
Conceptualizing Automated Decision-Making in Organizational Contexts
Authors: Boos Anna Katharina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite growing interest in automated (or algorithmic) decision-making (ADM), little work has been done to conceptually clarify the term. This article aims to tackle this issue by developing a conceptualization of ADM specifically tailored to organizational contexts. It has two main goals: (1) to meaningfully demarcate ADM from similar, yet distinct algorithm-supported practices; and (2) to draw internal distinctions such that different ADM types can be meaningfully distinguished. The proposed conceptualization builds on three arguments: First, ADM primarily refers to the automation of practical decisions (decisions to φ) as opposed to cognitive decisions (decisions that p). Second, rather than referring to algorithms as literally making decisions, ADM refers to the use of algorithms to solve decision problems at an organizational level. Third, since algorithmic tools by nature primarily settle cognitive decision problems, their classification as ADM depends on whether and to what extent an algorithmically generated output p has an action triggering effect—i.e., translates into a consequential action φ. The examination of precisely this p-φ relationship, allows us to pinpoint different ADM types (suggesting, offloading, superseding). Taking these three arguments into account, we arrive at the following definition: ADM refers to the practice of using algorithms to solve decision problems, where these algorithms can play a suggesting, offloading, or superseding role relative to humans, and decisions are defined as action triggering choices.
Synthetic Socio-Technical Systems: Poiêsis as Meaning Making
Authors: Bisconti Piercosma , McIntyre Andrew , Russo Federica 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWith the recent renewed interest in AI, the field has made substantial advancements, particularly in generative systems. Increased computational power and the availability of very large datasets has enabled systems such as ChatGPT to effectively replicate aspects of human social interactions, such as verbal communication, thus bringing about profound changes in society. In this paper, we explain that the arrival of generative AI systems marks a shift from ‘interacting through’ to ‘interacting with’ technologies and calls for a reconceptualization of socio-technical systems as we currently understand them. We dub this new generation of socio-technical systems synthetic to signal the increased interactions between human and artificial agents, and, in the footsteps of philosophers of information, we cash out agency in terms of ‘poiêsis’. We close the paper with a discussion of the potential policy implications of synthetic socio-technical system.
Linguistic summarization of visual attention and developmental functioning of young children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Öztürk Demet , Aydoğan Sena , Kök İbrahim , Akın Bülbül Işık , Özdemir Selda , Özdemir Suat , Akay Diyar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDiagnosing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children poses significant challenges due to its complex nature and impact on social communication development. While numerous data analytics techniques have been proposed for ASD evaluation, the process remains time-consuming and lacks clarity. Eye tracking (ET) data has emerged as a valuable resource for ASD risk assessment, yet existing literature predominantly focuses on predictive methods rather than descriptive techniques that offer human-friendly insights. Interpretation of ET data and Bayley scales, a widely used assessment tool, is challenging for ASD assessment of children. It should be understood clearly to perform better analytic tasks on ASD screening. Therefore, this study addresses this gap by employing linguistic summarization techniques to generate easily understandable summaries from raw ET data and Bayley scales. By integrating ET data and Bayley scores, the study aims to improve the identification of children with ASD from typically developing children (TD). Notably, this research represents one of the pioneering efforts to linguistically summarize ET data alongside Bayley scales, presenting comparative results between children with ASD and TD. Through linguistic summarization, this study facilitates the creation of simple, natural language statements, offering a first and unique approach to enhance ASD screening and contribute to our understanding of neurodevelopmental disorders.
A discursive field of contested ethics: Reporting the UK’s blue economy in the making
Authors: Winder Gordon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper analyses newspaper coverage of ‘blue economy’ in the UK 2012–2020. It elaborates on Germond-Duret and Germond’s (2022) finding that UK media published a dominant development discourse concerning the UK’s marine space without reflecting on the risks of growth agendas. Articles from UK print media featuring ‘blue economy’ were compiled from LexisNexis then analysed to establish patterns of publishing, the investors, investments and projects reported, the experts cited and their statements on blue economy. Analysis reveals no sustained coverage, little that communicated with a national audience, little investigative reporting, and no predominance of London-based newspapers in news production. Reporting on blue economy was sporadic until a surge in 2020 that coincided with efforts to secure investments through local growth plans. Newspapers registered this buzz of activity, collecting statements from actors who used business ethics to express the legitimacy of their planning to build what they called a ‘blue economy’ even though this looked more like ‘blue growth’. A second group of actors including the Scottish Government announced plans to build a ‘sustainable blue economy’. These actors used the ethics of regional development, achieving net zero and protecting, enhancing or restoring ocean environments. Journalists reported critical views on these plans: inadequate attention to environmental protection, investment in activities seen as environmentally unsustainable or investments with limited regional development. Thus, analysis of statements on ‘blue economy’ reveals a discursive field featuring a confusion of contested ethical claims. This paper identifies the UK’s fragmented newspaper landscape and new architecture of public–private enterprise partnerships as important contexts shaping media engagement with blue economy.
Dysglycemia, gender, and cognitive performance in older persons living with mild cognitive impairment: findings from a cross-sectional, population-based study
Authors: Boccardi Virginia , Travaglini Emma Giulia , Sciacca Emanuela , Mancinetti Francesca , Murasecco Ilenia , Guazzarini Anna Giulia , Bastiani Patrizia , Ruggiero Carmelinda , Mecocci Patrizia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to examine the relationship between dysglycemia - also known as pre-diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance- and cognitive abilities in an older population living Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and stratified by gender.

Study design
This is a retrospective study with data gathered from a large Italian clinical-based database.

Main outcome measures
The evaluation of cognitive performances by the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Revised rating scale as tests of screening and a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation of several cognitive areas.

Results
The study comprised 682 subjects (445 F/237 M) with a mean age of 76.08 ± 9.03 (range: 66–93) years. In all population, subjects with dysglycemia 193 (28.3%) had significantly poorer performance in memory (p = 0.006) and logic reasoning (p = 0.007) when compared with subjects without dysglycemia. The linear regression analyses revealed significant differences in the correlates of cognitive domains between gender groups. Independent of multiple covariates, women with dysglycemia showed worse performances in attention and short-term memory domains as compared with men. Even in the absence of dysglycemia women were more likely to show lower score in screening test of general cognition and attention.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that dysglycemia in older individuals with MCI is associated with declines in specific cognitive domains, potentially influenced by gender. Implementing a comprehensive approach involving risk stratification and preventive strategies may be more effective in averting further cognitive decline in this high-risk population.