bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mir‐142‐3p target sequences reduce transgene‐directed immunogenicity following intramuscular adeno‐associated virus 1 vector‐mediated gene delivery
Authors: Majowicz Anna , Maczuga Piotr , Kwikkers Karin L. , van der Marel Sander , van Logtenstein Richard , Petry Harald , van Deventer Sander J. , Konstantinova Pavlina , Ferreira Valerie 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundMuscle represents an important tissue target for adeno‐associated virus (AAV) vector‐mediated gene transfer in muscular, metabolic or blood‐related genetic disorders. However, several studies have demonstrated the appearance of immune responses against the transgene product after intramuscular AAV vector delivery that resulted in a limited efficacy of the treatment. Use of microRNAs that are specifically expressed in antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) is a promising approach for avoiding those immune responses. Cellular mir‐142‐3p, which is APC‐specific, is able to repress the translation of its target cellular transcripts by binding to a specific target sequences.MethodsIn the present study, we explored the potential of mir‐142‐3p specific target sequences with respect to reducing or abolishing immune responses directed against ovalbumin (OVA), a highly immunogenic protein, expressed as transgene and delivered by AAV1 vector administered intramuscularly.ResultsThe occurrence of immune responses against OVA transgene following intramuscular delivery by AAV have been described previously and resulted in the loss of OVA protein expression. In the present study, we demonstrate that OVA protein expression was maintained when mir‐142‐3pT sequences were incorporated into the expression cassette. The sustained expression of OVA protein over time correlated with a reduced increase in anti‐OVA antibody levels. Furthermore, no cellular infiltrates were observed in the muscle tissue when AAV1 vectors containing four or eight repeats of mir‐142‐3p target sequences after the OVA sequence were used.ConclusionsThe rising humoral and cellular immune responses against OVA protein after intramuscular delivery can be efficiently reduced by the use of mir‐142‐3p target sequences. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Circulation of Two Mumps Virus Genotypes in an Unimmunized Population in India
Authors: Vaidya Sunil R. , Chowdhury Deepika T. , Kumbhar Neelakshi S. , Tomar Ramsingh , Kamble Madhukar B. , Kazi Mohammed I. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractTwo separate outbreaks of fever with parotitis were reported from the Apsinga and Pimpla villages in the Osmanabad district of the Maharashtra State, India during February and March 2012. Meningo‐encephalitis was noted in two patients resulting in the death of an 11‐year male. Samples of blood and throat swabs were collected from patients with fever and parotitis. Serum samples from suspected (n = 62) and convalescent (n = 19) patients were tested for mumps virus specific IgM and/or IgG antibodies. Mumps virus specific IgM antibodies were detected in 44 of 62 serum samples (71%). Of the 19 convalescent phase sera 16 had both, anti‐mumps virus IgM and IgG antibodies. Twenty‐eight throat swabs collected from patients with parotitis were tested by RT‐PCR for the SH gene. Twenty‐three specimens were found to be positive and nucleotide sequencing of the amplified PCR products revealed circulation of two distinct genotypes that were village specific. Mumps virus genotype C (n = 18) was detected in Apsinga village and genotype G (n = 5) in Pimpla village. Two mumps virus isolates were also obtained using Vero cells. This is the first report from India confirming simultaneous circulation of mumps virus genotype C in one village and the G genotype in another village only 37 km away. J. Med. Virol. 85:1426–1432, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dietary phosphatidylinositol protects C57BL/6 mice from concanavalin A‐induced liver injury by modulating immune cell functions
Authors: Inafuku Masashi , Nagao Koji , Inafuku Ayako , Yanagita Teruyoshi , Taira Naoyuki , Toda Takayoshi , Oku Hirosuke 
Published: May 2013

ScopeSeveral recent studies have demonstrated that phospholipids (PLs) supplementation can modulate the function of cultured‐immune cells. Furthermore, dietary PLs have been shown to ameliorate inflammatory processes and immune responses in arthritic and diabetic murine models, respectively. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the immune‐modulating activities of dietary soybean PLs in mice, with particular emphasis on the immune cell functions.Methods and resultsMice were fed semisynthetic diets for 6 weeks, which contained either 7% soybean oil or 5% soybean oil plus 2% of either PL: phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylinositol (PI), or phosphatidylserine (PS). Production of concanavalin A (Con A)‐induced proinflammatory cytokines was significantly decreased in the splenocytes isolated from mice fed PI compared to other lipids. Supplementation of the diet with PI, but not with the other lipids, significantly suppressed the proinflammatory cytokine serum levels and the development of Con A‐induced liver damages.ConclusionThese observations suggest that dietary PI influenced immune functions, resulting in the prevention of pathogenesis and development of the liver injury in mice.
Bone marrow fat quantification in the presence of trabecular bone: Initial comparison between water‐fat imaging and single‐voxel MRS
Authors: Karampinos Dimitrios C. , Melkus Gerd , Baum Thomas , Bauer Jan S. , Rummeny Ernst J. , Krug Roland 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThe purpose of the present study was to test the relative performance of chemical shift‐based water‐fat imaging in measuring bone marrow fat fraction in the presence of trabecular bone, having as reference standard the single‐voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).MethodsSix‐echo gradient echo imaging and single‐voxel MRS measurements were performed on the proximal femur of seven healthy volunteers. The bone marrow fat spectrum was characterized based on the magnitude of measurable fat peaks and an a priori knowledge of the chemical structure of triglycerides, in order to accurately extract the water peak from the overlapping broad fat peaks in MRS. The imaging‐based fat fraction results were then compared to the MRS‐based results both without and with taking into consideration the presence of short
water components in MRS.ResultsThere was a significant underestimation of the fat fraction using the MRS model not accounting for short
species with respect to the imaging‐based fat fraction. A good equivalency was observed between the fat fraction using the MRS model accounting for short
species and the imaging‐based fat fraction (R2 = 0.87).ConclusionThe consideration of the short
water species effect on bone marrow fat quantification is essential when comparing MRS‐based and imaging‐based fat fraction results. Magn Reson Med 71:1158–1165, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Kühlen mit Sonnenlicht
Authors: Janiak Christoph , Henninger Stefan K. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAllein in Deutschland verbrauchen Kälte‐ und Klimaanlagen etwa 14 Prozent der jährlichen elektrischen Endenergie. Die Suche nach neuen Kühlverfahren, die effizient mit regenerativen Energien arbeiten, läuft auf Hochtouren. Hochporöse metallorganische Netzwerke können helfen.
Rickets in a High Social Class of Renaissance Italy: The Medici Children
Authors: Giuffra V. , Vitiello A. , Caramella D. , Fornaciari A. , Giustini D. , Fornaciari G. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractExploration of the Medici Chapels in the Basilica of San Lorenzo in Florence revealed the burials of nine juvenile members of the Medici family (16th–17th centuries). The estimated children's skeletal ages ranged from newborns to 5‐year‐olds, showing a series of bone abnormalities, in particular diffuse periosteal new bone and bowing of long bones. The comparable pathological lesions, including porosity evident on the skull, orbital roofs, costocondral ribs and growth plates between metaphyses and epiphyses, enlargement of metaphyses and sternal rib ends, and long bone bending, are interpreted as the skeletal manifestation of rickets. The diagnosis of a metabolic disease linked to vitamin D deficiency would appear to be unexpected for children brought up at the court of a Renaissance elite class family like the Medici of Florence. Analysis of the historical and social background is particularly helpful to understand the causes of the onset of the disease in this aristocratic group. Documentary sources, supported by 13C and 15N bone collagen analysis, attest that weaning of these children took place when they were around 2 years old. With a prolonged breast‐feeding and a delay in introducing solid food in the diet, vitamin D deficiency is expected to rise considerably, in particular if the other main risk factor, namely inadequate sunlight exposition, is associated with this human milk‐based diet. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel ethylene/norbornene copolymers as nonreleasing antioxidants for food‐contact polyolefinic materials
Authors: Stagnaro Paola , Mancini Giorgio , Piccinini Achille , Losio Simona , Sacchi Maria Carmela , Viglianisi Caterina , Menichetti Stefano , Adobati Alessandro , Limbo Sara 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTAn efficient procedure for the copolymerization of ethylene (E) with a novel norbornenic comonomer (NArOH) bearing a stabilizing moiety analogous to commercial antioxidant 2,6‐di‐tert‐butyl‐4‐methylphenol (BHT) is successfully developed. This study is aimed at: i) tuning the concentration of the stabilizing function along the polymer chain, and ii) preparing “nonreleasing” polymeric additives specifically destined to protect commercial low‐density polyethylene (LDPE). Films obtained from blends of the novel E/NArOH copolymers with an antioxidant‐free LDPE matrix are characterized by superior thermal, thermo‐oxidative, and photostability when compared not only with neat LDPE films but also with films stabilized by the commercial BHT additive. Specific migration tests conducted in order to investigate the nonreleasing character of the novel macromolecular additives confirm the reduced risk of migration, from the films into food simulants, of unreacted comonomer or degradation products bearing the antioxidant moiety. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2013, 51, 1007–1016
Can delayed time to referral to a tertiary level urologist with an abnormal PSA level affect subsequent gleason grade in the opportunistically screened population?
Authors: O'Kelly Fardod , Thomas Arun , Murray Denise , Galvin David , Mulvin David , Quinlan David M. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractPURPOSEThere is growing conflict in the literature describing the effect of delayed treatment on outcomes following radical prostatectomy. There is also evidence to suggest progression of low‐risk prostate cancer to develop higher grades and volumes of prostate cancer during active surveillance. It is unknown as to what affect a delay in referral of those men with abnormal screened‐PSA levels have on subsequent Gleason grade.METHODSWe identified 350 men through our rapid access prostate clinic who underwent TRUS biopsy for abnormal age‐related PSA and/or abnormal clinical examination. Clinicopathological findings were compared for those with positive versus negative TRUS biopsies, and for those with initial delays in referral (<12 months, 12–18 months, and >18 months). We used ANOVA and Student's t‐tests amongst other statistical tools to examine significance of clinical findings.RESULTSOf the 350 men who underwent TRUS biopsy, those with a delay in referral of 12 months or more were significantly associated with higher PSA titers, clinically palpable disease and likelihood of diagnosis with prostate cancer. A delay of 18 months or more led to a significantly higher risk of being diagnosed with a leading grade 4 prostate cancer, which was further supported using PSA velocity as a diagnostic tool (change >0.4 ng/ml/year).CONCLUSIONWe recommend that repeated asymptomatic abnormal age‐related PSA readings and/or abnormal clinical examination in the screened population be referred without delay to a urologist for further assessment, enrolment into an active surveillance program or definitive subsequent treatment. Prostate 73:1263–1269, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Photoluminescence thermometry with alkyl‐terminated silicon nanoparticles dispersed in low‐polar liquids
Authors: Ryabchikov Yury V. , Alekseev Sergei , Lysenko Vladimir , Bremond Georges , Bluet Jean‐Marie 
Published: May 2013

AbstractSteady‐state and time‐resolved photoluminescence of silicon nanoparticles dispersed in low‐polar liquids at above room temperature is studied. The roles of low‐polar liquids as well as mechanisms responsible for their temperature‐dependent photoluminescence are discussed. The thermal sensitivity of the photoluminescence is estimated and application of the nanoparticles as nanothermometers is proposed.magnified image(© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
C2Detector: a covert channel detection framework in cloud computing
Authors: Wu Jingzheng , Ding Liping , Wu Yanjun , Min‐Allah Nasro , Khan Samee U. , Wang Yongji 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTCloud computing is becoming increasingly popular because of the dynamic deployment of computing service. Another advantage of cloud is that data confidentiality is protected by the cloud provider with the virtualization technology. However, a covert channel can break the isolation of the virtualization platform and leak confidential information without letting it known by virtual machines. In this paper, the threat model of covert channels is analyzed. The channels are classified into three categories, and only the category that is new to cloud computing is concerned, for example, CPU load‐based, cache‐based, and shared memory‐based covert channels. The covert channel scenario is modeled into an error‐corrected four‐state automaton, and two error‐corrected algorithms are designed. A new detection framework termed C2Detector is presented. C2Detector includes a captor located in the hypervisor and a two‐phase synthesis algorithm implemented as Markov and Bayesian detectors. A prototype of C2Detector is implemented on Xen hypervisor, and its performance of detecting the covert channels is demonstrated. The experiment results show that C2Detector can detect the three types of the covert channels with an acceptable false positive rate by using a pessimistic threshold. Moreover, C2Detector is a plug‐in framework and can be easily extended. It is believed that new covert channels can be detected by C2Detector in the future. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transdermal Delivery Devices: Fabrication, Mechanics and Drug Release from Silk
Authors: Raja Waseem K. , MacCorkle Scott , Diwan Izzuddin M. , Abdurrob Abdurrahman , Lu Jessica , Omenetto Fiorenzo G. , Kaplan David L. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractMicroneedles are a relatively simple, minimally invasive and painless approach to deliver drugs across the skin. However, there remain limitations with this approach because of the materials most commonly utilized for such systems. Silk protein, with tunable and biocompatibility properties, is a useful biomaterial to overcome the current limitations with microneedles. Silk devices preserve drug activity, offer superior mechanical properties and biocompatibility, can be tuned for biodegradability, and can be processed under aqueous, benign conditions. In the present work, the fabrication of dense microneedle arrays from silk with different drug release kinetics is reported. The mechanical properties of the microneedle patches are tuned by post‐fabrication treatments or by loading the needles with silk microparticles, to increase capacity and mechanical strength. Drug release is further enhanced by the encapsulation of the drugs in the silk matrix and coating with a thin dissolvable drug layer. The microneedles are used on human cadaver skin and drugs are delivered successfully. The various attributes demonstrated suggest that silk‐based microneedle devices can provide significant benefit as a platform material for transdermal drug delivery.
Checked coverage: an indicator for oracle quality
Authors: Schuler David , Zeller Andreas 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARYA known problem of traditional coverage metrics is that they do not assess oracle quality—that is, whether the computation result is actually checked against expectations. In this paper, we introduce the concept of checked coverage—the dynamic slice of covered statements that actually influence an oracle. Our experiments on seven open‐source projects show that checked coverage is a sure indicator for oracle quality and even more sensitive than mutation testing. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Situated cognition
Authors: Roth Wolff‐Michael , Jornet Alfredo 
Published: May 2013

Following the cognitive revolution, when knowing and learning have come to be theorized in terms of representations stored and processed in the mind, empirical and theoretical developments in very different scholarly disciplines have led to the emergence of the situated cognition hypothesis, which consists of a set of interlocking theses: cognition is embodied, fundamentally social, distributed, enacted, and often works without representations. We trace the historical origins of this hypothesis and discuss the evidential support this hypothesis receives from empirical and modeling studies. We distinguish the question of where cognition is located from the question of what cognition is, because the confounding of the two questions leads to misunderstandings in the sometimes‐ardent debates concerning the situated cognition hypothesis. We conclude with recommendations for interdisciplinary approaches to the nature of cognition. WIREs Cogn Sci 2013, 4:463–478. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1242This article is categorized under:

Psychology > Theory and Methods
Perturbations of RNA helicases in cancer
Authors: Robert Francis , Pelletier Jerry 
Published: May 2013

AbstractHelicases are implicated in most stages of the gene expression pathway, ranging from DNA replication, RNA transcription, splicing, RNA transport, ribosome biogenesis, mRNA translation, RNA storage and decay. These enzymes utilize energy derived from nucleotide triphosphate hydrolysis to remodel ribonucleoprotein complexes, RNA, or DNA and in this manner affect the information content or output of RNA. Several RNA helicases have been implicated in the oncogenic process—either through altered expression levels, mutations, or due to their role in pathways required for tumor initiation, progression, maintenance, or chemosensitivity. The purpose of this review is to highlight those RNA helicases for which there is significant evidence implicating them in cancer biology.WIREs RNA2013, 4:333–349. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1163This article is categorized under:RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in DiseaseRegulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Biogenesis of Effector Small RNAs
Fermentative and growth performances of Dekkera bruxellensis in different batch systems and the effect of initial low cell counts in co‐cultures with Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Meneghin Maria Cristina , Bassi Ana Paula Guarnieri , Codato Carolina Brito , Reis Vanda Renata , Ceccato‐Antonini Sandra Regina 
Published: May 2013

AbstractDekkera bruxellensis is a multifaceted yeast present in the fermentative processes used for alcoholic beverage and fuel alcohol production – in the latter, normally regarded as a contaminant. We evaluated the fermentation and growth performance of a strain isolated from water in an alcohol‐producing unit, in batch systems with/without cell recycling in pure and co‐cultures with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The ethanol resistance and aeration dependence for ethanol/acid production were verified. Ethanol had an effect on the growth of D. bruxellensis in that it lowered or inhibited growth depending on the concentration. Acid production was verified in agitated cultures either with glucose or sucrose, but more ethanol was produced with glucose in agitated cultures. Regardless of the batch system, low sugar consumption and alcohol production and expressive growth were found with D. bruxellensis. Despite a similar ethanol yield compared to S. cerevisiae in the batch system without cell recycling, ethanol productivity was approximately four times lower. However, with cell recycling, ethanol yield was almost half that of S. cerevisiae. At initial low cell counts of D. bruxellensis (10 and 1000 cells/ml) in co‐cultures with S. cerevisiae, a decrease in fermentative efficiency and a substantial growth throughout the fermentative cycles were displayed by D. bruxellensis. Due to the peculiarity of cell repitching in Brazilian fermentation processes, D. bruxellensis is able to establish itself in the process, even when present in low numbers initially, substantially impairing bioethanol production due to the low ethanol productivity, in spite of comparable ethanol yields. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Therapeutic Approach to Patients With a Lower‐Pitched Voice After Thyroidectomy
Authors: Nam Inn‐Chul , Bae Ja‐Sung , Chae Byung‐Joo , Shim Mi‐Ran , Hwang Yeon‐Shin , Sun Dong‐Il 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundA lower‐pitched voice is one of the most common voice alterations after thyroidectomy without laryngeal nerve injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acoustic and stroboscopic changes and the treatment outcomes in patients with a lower‐pitched voice with the goal of eventually establishing a therapeutic guideline.MethodsPatients with a lower‐pitched voice were selected according to the results of acoustic analysis among thyroidectomized patients. According to their pitch‐gliding ability, patients were classified into a “gliding group” and “nongliding group,” and direct voice therapy was performed. For those who did not respond, indirect voice therapy with subsequent identical direct voice therapy was performed. Video‐stroboscopy, acoustic and perceptual analysis, and subjective analysis using a questionnaire were performed before and after treatment. The results of the two groups were compared.ResultsFifty patients were enrolled. Decreased vocal cord tension was the most common stroboscopic finding in these patients. After direct voice therapy, 87 % of patients in the gliding group showed restoration of pitch 2 months after thyroidectomy. None of the patients in the nongliding group showed improvement. After indirect voice therapy and subsequent direct voice therapy, these nonresponders finally showed improvement 4.5 months after thyroidectomy. Several characteristic stroboscopic findings of the nongliding group were identified.ConclusionsThe pitch‐gliding ability and several specific stroboscopic findings were predictive of a response to direct voice therapy. Based on these findings, an individualized therapeutic approach could be applied, and the pitch of patients with a lower‐pitched voice after thyroidectomy was restored earlier than expected.