bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical Screening of Acetone Extract of Rambai Leaves (Baccaurea motleyana) and Its Bioactivity as an Antibacterial Against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Fransiska Destalia , Roanisca Occa , Nurhadini Nurhadini 
Published: August 2024

Bacteria are one of the organisms that may cause disease in the human body. Some bacteria which often infect the human body are Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Both bacteria are pathogenic and possibly lead to various diseases such as diarrhea, urinary tract infections, and lung infections that have the potential to result in death. Treatment of infections caused by these bacteria can be done by giving antibiotics as therapy or a quick cure against infection. The use of antibiotics has side effects that result in resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to screen bioactive compounds with bioactivity as better antibacterial agents so that they can be developed into drugs that can cure diseases caused by bacteria. It is urgent to utilize natural antibacterials from plants to treat bacterial infections. This research aims to obtain the compound content, the total phenolic, and antibacterial activity of acetone extract of rambai leaves, so this research focused on rambai leaf acetone extract phytochemical content, total phenolic content, and antibacterial activity examination. Then, Phytochemical testing of rambai leaf acetone extract (Baccaurea motleyana) shows rambai leaves contain alkaloid compounds, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and terpenoids that have the potential to be antibacterial. The examination of phenolic content was accomplished by using the Folin-Ciocalteau method. The total phenolic test results obtained were 68.63 mg EAG/g. Antibacterial testing was performed by implementing the disk diffusion method. Antibacterial testing of rambai leaf acetone extract Concentration of 20 %, 40%,60%, and 80% showed consecutive results in inhibition zones of 3.86 mm, 6.48 mm, 6.55 mm, and 6.63 mm with weak to medium activity for E. coli bacteria. However, S. aureus bacteria showed consecutive results in inhibition zones of 6.02 mm, 10.15 mm, 17.10 mm, and 19.46 mm with medium to intense activity. There has not been much research on rambai from Bangka Belitung, so there is an indispensable for further research regarding the total flavonoid and total alkaloid content of rambai leaves. Research may also carried out using a variety of solvents.
Determinan Risiko yang Berkaitan dengan Diabetes Melitus Di Puskesmas Cigugur Tengah Kota Cimahi
Authors: Ahmad Nasir , Irianto Gunawan , Nurhasanah Fry Vanny Dyta 
Published: August 2024

Prevalensi penderita Diabetes Mellitus (DM) dari tahun 2020 hingga 2021 mengalami peningkatan di Kota Cimahi tahun 2020 sebesar 9.716 pada tahun 2021 menjadi 10.108. Di karenakan Prevalensi Tertinggi DM pada Puskesmas di Kota Cimahi yaitu berada di Puskesmas Cigugur Tengah dengan 1.173 pada tahun 2020 dan 1.235 pada tahun 2021. Oleh karena itu Tujuan penelitian ini diketahuinya determinan risiko yang berkaitan dengan kejadian DM di Puskesmas Cigugur Tengah Kota Cimahi. Jenis penelitian yang di gunakan penelitian kuantitatif desain Case control study. Penelitian di lakukan pada bulan Juli 2022 dengan sampel 1:1 (kasus dan control), dengan masing-masing berjumlah 49 Di hitung dengan rumus lemeshow (1990) dan menggunakan teknik Rendom sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan pengukuran berat badan, tinggi badan. Analisis data di lakukan uji chi square dan OR. Hasil penelitian terdapat hubungan orang yang memiliki riwayat keluarga DM (p= 0,000; OR=7,02), kebiasaan merokok (p= 0,001;OR=4,77) dan orang dengan Obesitas (p= 0,043;OR=2,51) dengan kejadian DM. Kesimpulan riwayat keluarga, kebiasaan merokok, dan obesitas memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian DM. Saran meningkatkan penyuluhan terkait Pola hidup sehat seperti meningkatkan tidak merokok, aktifitas Fisik, menjaga pola makan, tetap mengokonsumsi obat dan rutin mengecek kadar gula darah, melakukan konseling bagi penderita DM sehingga upaya edukasi dini agar menjaga pola hidup keluarganya. Kata kunci: Diabetes Mellitus, Riwayat keluarga, Aktifitas fisik, kebiasaan merokok, Obesitas
Determinan Kelelahan Kerja dan Kesehatan Mental pada Pengemudi Bus: Scoping Review
Authors: Samosir Frans Judea , Sebayang Ronalopiga , Sitorus Nisa Tairah , Sinurat Buenita , Kurnia Muhammad Aditya 
Published: August 2024

Kelelahan kerja yang sering dialami pengemudi dapat mengakibatkan gangguan kesehatannya, baik secara fisik maupun mental. Akibatnya, hal ini akan sangat berdampak buruk saat mengemudikan bus. Hendaknya untuk mengambil tindakan demi melindungi pengemudi bus, pengemudi yang mengalami kelelahan maupun kesehatan mental yang terganggu akan berakibat gatal bagi pengemudi maupun penumpang. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode scoping review. Penelitian ini melibatkan analisis dari 10 (sepuluh) artikel yang relevan dan menggunakan penyesuaian kriteria inklusi. Pencarian scoping review ini menggunakan dua buah database: Google Scholar dan PubMed. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa durasi mengemudi terlalu lama, umur, kurang tidur yang menjadi faktor tertinggi terjadinya kelelahan. Lalu, stress kerja, tidak percaya diri, ketidakadilan, keagresifan pengemudi dan tuntutan pekerjaan yang menjadi masalah tertinggi bagi kesehatan mental pengemudi bus. Oleh sebab itu, sangat penting bagi pengelola transportasi umum, serta pengambil kebijakan untuk memperhatikan faktor kelelahan kerja dan melindungi kesehatan mental pengemudi bus. Kata kunci: Kelelahan kerja, Kesehatan mental, Pengemudi bus
Pengaruh Pemberian Posisi Pronasi terhadap Status Oksigenasi pada Bayi Prematur yang menggunakan Ventilasi Mekanik di Ruang NICU RSUD Sekarwangi
Authors: Manalu Lisbet Octovia , Rustandi Budi , Zakiamani Muhammad 
Published: August 2024

Pendahuluan. Posisi pronasi adalah posisi dimana kepala diletakkan pada posisi lateral dengan siku fleksi atau ekstensi. Tulang panggul diganjal bantal kecil dan gulungan kain diletakkan di bawah dada supaya abdomen tidak tertekan. Perlindungan terhadap tekanan pada abdomen dipertimbangan sebagai faktor yang penting untuk keefektifan posisi pronasi Posisi pronasi dapat memberikan pengaruh terhadap peningkatan serta menstabilkan saturasi oksigen pada bayi prematur, pemberian posisi pronasi diberikan pada bayi prematur ketika saturasi oksigen bayi prematur 90 persen dengan lama pemberian intervensi posisi pronasi selama 30 menit hingga 2 jam. Tujuan penelitian. Menganalisis pengaruh pemberian posisi pronasi terhadap status oksigenasi pada bayi prematur yang menggunakan ventilasi mekanik di Ruang NICU RSUD Sekarwangi. Bahan dan Metode. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan oleh peneliti adalah Quasy experimental dengan pendekatan One-group pra-post test design. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien bayi prematur dengan ventilasi mekanik di ruang NICU RSUD Sekarwangi sebanyak 42 bayi. Hasil/temuan. Sebagian besar responden yaitu 40 bayi atau 95,2% memiliki saturasi oksigen <95% sebelum diberikan posisi pronasi. Sebagian besar responden yaitu 36 bayi atau 86% memiliki saturasi oksigen ≥95% setelah diberikan posisi pronasi. kesimpulan. Terdapat pengaruh pemberian posisi pronasi terhadap status oksigenasi pada bayi prematur yang menggunakan ventilasi mekanik di Ruang NICU RSUD Sekarwangi diperoleh p-value uji t berpasangan sebesar 0,003 atau lebih kecil dari nilai alpha 0,05. Hasil penelitian ini disarankan dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan evaluasi dalam menentukan kebijakan yang terkait dengan efektivitas posisi pronasi terhadap status oksigenasi bayi prematur yang menggunakan ventilasi mekanik
Life History: Proses Berhenti Mantan Pecandu Narkoba
Authors: Handayani Lina , Zulkarnaen Zulfa Ayu Prandini , Suryana Aufatcha Ayutya 
Published: August 2024

Kecanduan narkoba memberikan dampak yang sangat buruk khususnya bagi perilaku seseorang sehingga harus cepat dihentikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami pengalaman hidup seorang pecandu narkoba yang berhasil berhenti dari ketergantungan atau kecanduan narkoba. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan quasi-life History. Penelitian ini dilakukan di daerah Pasarkemis, Kabupaten Tangerang. Subjek penelitian berjumlah dua orang yakni satu informan utama dan satu informan pendukung. Mereka dipilih dengan teknik Purposive sampling. Informan utama dengan kriteria, orang yang pernah mengonsumsi atau menjadi pecandu narkoba, sudah berhenti minimal lima tahun dan informan pendukung adalah orang mengetahui proses berhenti kecanduan narkoba informan utama secara langsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengalaman hidup dari seorang pecandu narkoba yang berhasil berhenti dari ketergantungan narkoba memiliki waktu yang lama. Lingkungan sosial yang kurang baik menjadi salah satu alasan pecandu narkoba tersebut terjerumus untuk mengonsumsi narkoba. Motivasi internal dan keinginan untuk menjaga keluarga menjadi kunci utama untuk berhenti dari kecanduan. Mengatasi relapse pasca-rehabilitasi melibatkan perubahan perilaku sesuai dengan Transtheoretical Model. Peran agama dan lingkungan sosial yang sehat memainkan peran kunci. Dukungan keluarga, terutama dari istri, sangat penting dalam membantu pecandu narkoba berhenti sepenuhnya, melalui pengingat, nasihat, motivasi, dan dukungan positif, serta dengan mengingatkan tentang nilai-nilai agama untuk menghindari perilaku kecanduan.
Estudio de la dieta y ejercicio en el síndrome de ovario poliquístico (SOP) en mujeres en edad reproductiva
Authors: Carrasco Villegas Joselyne Elizabeth , Bustillos Solorzano Marcos Edisson 
Published: August 2024

Introducción: El síndrome de ovario poliquístico es la endocrinopatía crónica más frecuente en las mujeres en edad reproductiva. Se ha convertido en un síndrome heterogéneo por su presentación, evolución en el tiempo y consecuencias a corto y largo plazo. Objetivo: Efectuar una revisión sistemática sobre el efecto de la dieta y ejercicio en el SOP, en mujeres en edad reproductiva, mediante la búsqueda de bibliografía transcendental para su correcto manejo no farmacológico. Métodos: el artículo es de revisión sistemática, se describen resultados publicados en revistas del área de salud y en bases de datos. Para su desarrollo se seleccionaron más de 20 artículos, entre revisiones sistemáticas, ensayos controlados aleatorizados, artículos de revisión, guías de práctica clínica y trabajos originales. Resultados: El SOP es un trastorno común que afecta a 5 de 10 mujeres en edad reproductiva. Las causas no están bien identificadas, algunos estudios sugieren identificar alteraciones en el componente genético, mientras que otros, lo relacionan con factores ambientales intra o extrauterinos. Al parecer, el tratamiento más eficaz del SOP “según datos obtenidos de revisiones sistemáticas y ensayos controlados aleatorizados” sigue siendo un cambio en el estilo de vida, con la implementación de una dieta baja en carbohidratos y el desarrollo de ejercicio físico regular. Conclusiones: Las mujeres requieren una serie de fármacos para controlar el hirsutismo, la anovulación y las irregularidades menstruales con la posibilidad de desencadenar reacciones adversas; sin embargo, como tratamiento de primera línea se debe alentar a las mujeres con SOP a que practiquen el ejercicio de forma regular ya que reduce la resistencia a la insulina, el peso corporal, los lípidos en sangre, la glucosa y mejora la autoestima
THE MANAGEMENT OF URBAN SPACE BETWEEN THE CONFLICT OF ACTORS AND FILED REALITY, CASE STUDY: KHENCHELA PROVINCE – AN INLAND CITY IN THE EAST OF ALGERIA
Authors: Djebnoune Brahim  , Guendouz Berrehail  , Messaoud Inasse  , Rachi Sana  
Published: August 2024

The demographic explosion of Algerian cities by a positive natural balance and population migration movements transforms urban landscapes and leads them to growing environmental pressure.
The resulting spatial increase is more or less planned. It does not only characterize large cities or capitals. The so-called medium-sized cities are also affected, if not more, because they rarely have the assets of large cities to exercise planning and control.
The growth of these urban centers has several effects: densification of the fabric, change of urban areas preserved or associated with specific functions, and progress towards agricultural or natural areas.
Because it leads to increasing needs for housing and services, growth is reflected in the anarchic extension of the urban area on one hand, and in the appearance of unprompted urban houses on the surroundings of cities.
Based on the general hypothesis that urban spatial forms can be analysed using available and supposedly reliable divisions, we attempted to analyse some divisions of Khenchela Province. Our analysis focused on identifying the forms that favour the indications (organizations, directions, temporality, etc.) they provide and the constitution of forms of these divisions.
The objectives of the delimitation of urbanization zones (sectors, districts, boroughs) aim to ensure the achievement of the spatial planning orientations from which the objectives are significant. Spatial organization must contribute to the quality of life of the inhabitants, including future generations. (Christophe, 1998)
The reaction concerning the organization of the different functions (housing, economic activities, shops, leisure facilities, transport infrastructures, etc.) indeed affects everyone's living environment. It can have considerable consequences in many areas directly related to Khenchela Province inhabitants.
Impact of postoperative cerebral hyperperfusion on 2-year cognitive outcomes of patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy
Authors: Araya Shizuka , Akamatsu Yosuke , Ono Yutaro , Yamazaki Ryouga , Fujiwara Shunrou , Chida Kohei , Kobayashi Masakazu , Koji Takahiro , Ogasawara Kuniaki 
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE
In 10% of patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA), the cognitive function declines postoperatively, primarily in association with postoperative cerebral hyperperfusion. In contrast, in the majority of patients undergoing CEA, long-term cognitive outcomes remain unclear. Furthermore, it is not known whether the decline in cognition due to cerebral hyperperfusion recovers on a long-term basis. This study aimed to understand how postoperative cerebral hyperperfusion affects the cognitive outcomes of patients who undergo CEA.

METHODS
The participants in this prospective observational study were patients with internal carotid artery stenosis who underwent CEA. Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome or asymptomatic cerebral hyperperfusion following CEA was determined based on brain perfusion SPECT scans and symptomatology before and after surgery. Neuropsychological testing was performed preoperatively, at 1–2 months postoperatively, and at 2 years postoperatively to investigate cognitive decline.

RESULTS
A logistic regression analysis revealed that asymptomatic cerebral hyperperfusion (95% CI 13.0–84.5, p < 0.0001) and cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (95% CI 449.7–14,237.4, p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with cognitive decline at 1–2 months postoperatively. The incidence of cognitive decline was significantly decreased at 2 years postoperatively (7%) in comparison to 1–2 months postoperatively (11%) (p = 0.0461). A logistic regression analysis also revealed that asymptomatic cerebral hyperperfusion (95% CI 3.7–36.7, p < 0.0001), cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (95% CI 128.0–6183.6, p < 0.0001), and further strokes during the 2-year follow-up period (95% CI 1.5–78.7, p = 0.0167) were significantly associated with cognitive decline at 2 years postoperatively. The incidence of cognitive decline at 1–2 months postoperatively was significantly higher in patients with cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (100%) than in those with asymptomatic cerebral hyperperfusion (44%) (p < 0.0001). No significant difference in incidence was observed in the former patients at 2 years postoperatively (88%), but significant reduction was found in patients with asymptomatic cerebral hyperperfusion and cognitive decline between the timepoints of 1–2 months postoperatively (100%) and 2 years postoperatively (39%) (p = 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS
Postoperative cerebral hyperperfusion causes prolonged cognitive decline at 2 years postoperatively in patients undergoing CEA.
Flow capacity of a superficial temporal artery as a donor in a consecutive series of 100 patients with superficial temporal artery–middle cerebral artery bypass
Authors: Sebök Martina , Höbner Lara Maria , Grob Alexandra , Fierstra Jorn , Schubert Tilman , Wegener Susanne , Luft Andreas R. , Kulcsár Zsolt , Regli Luca , Esposito Giuseppe 
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE
A superficial temporal artery–middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass is classically considered a low-flow bypass. It is known that the flow in the flow augmentation STA-MCA bypass is influenced by flow demand of the revascularized territory and can reach significantly higher values. The authors report their intraoperative flow measurement data in a consecutive series of 100 STA-MCA bypasses performed at their institution. Moreover, in a subanalysis, they show the postoperative bypass flow measured with quantitative MR angiography (qMRA) noninvasive optimal vessel analysis (NOVA).

METHODS
Between January 2013 and October 2023, 100 patients with acute, subacute, or chronic large-vessel occlusion (LVO) or moyamoya disease underwent a flow augmentation STA-MCA bypass revascularization at the authors’ department with intraoperative bypass flow measurement. Patients with atherosclerotic LVO who underwent bypass surgery within a 6-week period following the onset of ischemic stroke symptoms were categorized into the acute bypass group, encompassing both acute and subacute LVO cases. Conversely, those who underwent bypass surgery > 6 weeks after the last occurrence of ischemic stroke were classified as the chronic group. Since May 2019, a consecutive subgroup of 37 patients received a postoperative (before discharge) bypass flow measurement with the qMRA-NOVA imaging tool.

RESULTS
The mean ± SD intraoperative bypass flow in this consecutive series of 100 STA-MCA bypasses was 53.5 ± 28.8 ml/min (range 14–145 ml/min). In the subanalysis, there was no difference in the intraoperative flow capacity between the acute and chronic groups and between the moyamoya and acute groups. Patients in the moyamoya group showed a significantly higher flow rate in the STA-MCA bypass compared with the chronic group (63.0 ± 30.2 ml/min vs 48.4 ± 26.5 ml/min, p = 0.03). In a consecutive subanalysis of 37 STA-MCA bypass cases, postoperative flow measurements were also performed using qMRA-NOVA, showing a significant increase in the flow of STA-MCA bypasses after surgery compared with intraoperative flow measurements (mean intraoperative bypass flow rate vs qMRA-NOVA postoperative bypass flow rate: 73.4 ± 29.9 ml/min vs 111.3 ± 51.4 ml/min, p = 0.005).

CONCLUSIONS
Using intraoperative and postoperative quantitative flow measurements of the STA, the data confirm that the flow in the flow augmentation STA-MCA bypass is influenced by the flow demand of the revascularized territory and can reach high values if needed. Moreover, the significant flow increase in the postoperative flow measurement using qMRA-NOVA demonstrates that the bypass can increase its flow over time.
Optimizing indirect targeting of the centromedian nucleus for deep brain stimulation by incorporating third ventricular anatomy
Authors: Singh Hargunbir , Stamm Michaela , Warren Aaron E. L. , Kulsomphob Avelyn , Jha Rohan , Bhatia Nimit , Rolston John D. 
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the centromedian nucleus (CM) is used to treat diverse brain diseases including epilepsy, Tourette syndrome, and disorders of consciousness. However, the CM is challenging to visualize on routine MRI. Many surgeons use an indirect targeting method based on established stereotactic coordinates. The authors aimed to quantify how often a DBS electrode’s contacts were positioned within the CM using this approach, and to identify alternative indirect coordinates that are more accurate.

METHODS
Indirect targeting of the CM was performed on 100 MR images obtained in healthy adults, and the resulting coordinates were warped to a common brain template. To estimate positions of DBS contacts along this trajectory, the authors developed a probable electrode location (PEL) mask, modeled on trajectory angles obtained from prior clinical cases. Euclidean and x, y, and z distances between the centroids of the PEL mask and an atlas-based CM mask were measured and defined as error. The percentage of overlaps between the PEL mask and nearby thalamic nuclei was determined. To assess the clinical utility of this methodology, the analysis was validated using 20 MR images obtained in patients with generalized epilepsy, a common clinical indication for CM-DBS.

RESULTS
Using standard indirect coordinates, the authors found the average Euclidean error to be 4.40 ± 1.05 mm, and the x, y, and z errors were 4.19 ± 0.97 mm, 0.73 ± 0.65 mm, and 0.66 ± 0.69 mm, respectively. The PEL mask overlap was 52% with the CM and 65% with the ventral posteromedial nucleus. Variation in third ventricular width was the dominant contributor to these errors (r = −0.71). To overcome this variation, the authors developed alternative indirect coordinates: 4.5 mm lateral to the posterolateral corner of the third ventricle at the level of the posterior commissure. With this refinement, the average Euclidean error was reduced to 1.24 ± 0.5 mm, with 84% of the PEL mask within the CM.

CONCLUSIONS
The unavailability of advanced MRI for direct targeting limits access to CM-DBS in resource-constrained neurosurgical programs. Standard indirect coordinates do not provide optimal targeting of the CM, with most contacts laterally placed in the sensory thalamus. The proposed indirect approach may therefore increase the accuracy and availability of CM-DBS, while reducing side effects.