bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of ovarian endometriotic fluid exposure on fertilization rate of mouse oocytes and subsequent embryo development
Authors: Piromlertamorn Waraporn , Saeng-anan Ubol , Vutyavanich Teraporn 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
Accidental exposure of oocyte/cumulus complex to endometriotic fluid is not uncommon during oocyte retrieval. Only two studies were available on this subject and they gave conflicting results. In this study, we used a mouse model to evaluate the effect of controlled exposure of oocytes to ovarian endometriotic fluid.

Methods
Mouse oocytes/cumulus complexes (n = 862) were divided into 4 groups, and were exposed to endometriotic fluid (group 1), pooled sera from subjects without endometrioma (group 2), phosphate-buffered saline (group 3), and fertilization medium (controls). After five minutes, oocytes were washed and inseminated. Embryo development was observed daily. The quality of hatching blastocysts was assessed by counting the number of inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) cells.

Results
The fertilization, cleavage and blastocyst formation rates in the four groups were not statistically different. The proportions of hatching/hatched blastocysts from fertilized oocytes in groups 1 and 2 were significantly lower than those in group 3 and controls (P = 0.015). Hatching blastocysts from all groups showed no significant difference in the number of ICM and TE cells.

Conclusions
Exposure of mouse oocytes/cumulus complexes to endometriotic fluid had subtle detrimental effects on subsequent blastocyst development. However, one should be cautious in projecting the results of this study to contaminated human oocytes in a clinical setting.
The modulation on luminescence of Er3+-doped silicon-rich oxide films by the structure evolution of silicon nanoclusters
Authors: Jin Lu , Li Dongsheng , Xiang Luelue , Wang Feng , Yang Deren , Que Duanlin 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
A series of silicon-rich oxide (SRO) and erbium-doped SRO (SROEr) films imbedded with structural tunable silicon nanoclusters (Si NCs) have been fabricated using sputtering followed by post-annealing. The coalescence of Si NCs is found in the films with large Si excess. The energy transfer rate between Si NCs and Er3+ is enhanced, but the luminescence efficiencies of both Si NCs and Er3+ are reduced by the coalescent microstructures. Optimization of the microstructures of Si NCs is performed, and the preferential optical performance for both Si NCs and Er3+ could be achieved when Si NCs were separated in microstructures.
Restriction of V3 region sequence divergence in the HIV-1 envelope gene during antiretroviral treatment in a cohort of recent seroconverters
Authors: Gall Astrid , Kaye Steve , Hué Stéphane , Bonsall David , Rance Richard , Baillie Gregory J , Fidler Sarah J , Weber Jonathan N , McClure Myra O , Kellam Paul ,   the SPARTAC Trial Investigators
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundDynamic changes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) sequence diversity and divergence are associated with immune control during primary infection and progression to AIDS. Consensus sequencing or single genome amplification sequencing of the HIV-1 envelope(env)gene, in particular the variable (V) regions, is used as a marker for HIV-1 genome diversity, but population diversity is only minimally, or semi-quantitatively sampled using these methods.ResultsHere we use second generation deep sequencing to determine inter-and intra-patient sequence heterogeneity and to quantify minor variants in a cohort of individuals either receiving or not receiving antiretroviral treatment following seroconversion; the SPARTAC trial. We show, through a cross-sectional study of sequence diversity of theenvV3 in 30 antiretroviral-naive patients during primary infection that considerable population structure diversity exists, with some individuals exhibiting highly constrained plasma virus diversity. Diversity was independent of clinical markers (viral load, time from seroconversion, CD4 cell count) of infection. Serial sampling over 60 weeks of non-treated individuals that define three initially different diversity profiles showed that complex patterns of continuing HIV-1 sequence diversification and divergence could be readily detected. Evidence for minor sequence turnover, emergence of new variants and re-emergence of archived variants could be inferred from this analysis. Analysis of viral divergence over the same time period in patients who received short (12 weeks, ART12) or long course antiretroviral therapy (48 weeks, ART48) and a non-treated control group revealed that ART48 successfully suppressed viral divergence while ART12 did not have a significant effect.ConclusionsDeep sequencing is a sensitive and reliable method for investigating the diversity of theenvV3 as an important component of HIV-1 genome diversity. Detailed insights into the complex early intra-patient dynamics ofenvV3 diversity and divergence were explored in antiretroviral-naïve recent seroconverters. Long course antiretroviral therapy, initiated soon after seroconversion and administered for 48 weeks, restricts HIV-1 divergence significantly. The effect of ART12 and ART48 on clinical markers of HIV infection and progression is currently investigated in the SPARTAC trial.
An analysis of Cyclin D1, Cytokeratin 5/6 and Cytokeratin 8/18 expression in breast papillomas and papillary carcinomas
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhu Jin-fu , Liu Ying-ying , Han Gui-ping 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
To evaluate the expression levels of Cyclin D1 in breast papillomas and papillary carcinomas, and to analyze the types of cells that co-express Cyclin D1 with Cytokeratin 5/6 (CK 5/6) or with Cytokeratin 8/18(CK 8/18).

Methods
Fifty-nine cases of papillary lesions including 36 papillomas and 23 intracystic papillary carcinomas were examined. Cyclin D1, CK 5/6 and CK 8/18 expression levels were evaluated by double immunostaining.

Results
Cyclin D1 is highly expressed in papillary carcinomas (27.54% ± 15.43%) compared with papillomas (8.81% ± 8.41%, p < 0.01). Cyclin D1 is predominantly expressed in Cytokeratin 8/18- expressing cells, rather than in Cytokeratin 5/6-expressing cells, regardless of the type of lesion. In Papillomas, Cyclin D1 exhibited a mean 11.42% (11.42% ± 10.17%) co-expression rate with Cytokeratin 8/18 compared with a mean 2.50% (2.50% ± 3.24%) co-expression rate with Cytokeratin 5/6 (p < 0.01). In papillary carcinomas, Cyclin D1 exhibited a mean 34.74% (34.74% ± 16.32%) co-expression rate with Cytokeratin 8/18 compared with a co-expression rate of 0.70% (0.70% ± 0.93%) with Cytokeratin 5/6 (p < 0.01).

Conclusions
The increase in Cyclin D1 suggests an association of Cyclin D1 staining with papillary carcinomas. Although Cyclin D1 is an effective marker for the differential diagnosis of other papillary lesions, it cannot be used to distinguish between papilloma and papillary carcinoma lesions because its expression occurs in both lesions. Our results show that Cyclin D1 and CK 5/6 staining could be used in concert to distinguish between the diagnosis of papilloma (Cyclin D1 < 4.20%, CK 5/6 positive) or papillary carcinoma (Cyclin D1 > 37.00%, CK 5/6 negative). In addition, our data suggest that Cyclin D1 is expressed only in the cancer stem or progenitor cells that co-immunostained with CK 8/18 in papillary carcinomas, and predominantly with CK 8/18 in the papillomas.

Virtual slides
The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/7299340558756848
The effects of taurolidine alone and in combination with doxorubicin or carboplatin in canine osteosarcoma in vitro
Authors: Marley Kevin , Helfand Stuart C , Edris Wade A , Mata John E , Gitelman Alix I , Medlock Jan , Séguin Bernard 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
Osteosarcoma (OS) affects over 8000 dogs/year in the United States. The disease usually arises in the appendicular skeleton and metastasizes to the lung. Dogs with localized appendicular disease benefit from limb amputation and chemotherapy but most die within 6–12 months despite these treatments. Taurolidine, a derivative of taurine, has anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects against a variety of cancers. The following in vitro studies tested taurolidine as a candidate for adjuvant therapy for canine OS. Tests for p53 protein status and caspase activity were used to elucidate mechanisms of taurolidine-induced cell death.

Results
Taurolidine was cytotoxic to osteosarcoma cells and increased the toxicity of doxorubicin and carboplatin in vitro. Apoptosis was greatly induced in cells exposed to 125 μM taurolidine and less so in cells exposed to 250 μM taurolidine. Taurolidine cytotoxicity appeared caspase-dependent in one cell line; with apparent mutant p53 protein. This cell line was the most sensitive to single agent taurolidine treatment and had a taurolidine-dependent reduction in accumulated p53 protein suggesting taurolidine’s effects may depend on the functional status of p53 in canine OS.

Conclusion
Taurolidine’s cytotoxic effect appears dependent on cell specific factors which may be explained, in part, by the functional status of p53. Taurolidine initiates apoptosis in canine OS cells and this occurs to a greater extent at lower concentrations. Mechanisms of cell death induced by higher concentrations were not elucidated here. Taurolidine combined with doxorubicin or carboplatin can increase the toxicity of these chemotherapy drugs and warrants further investigation in dogs with osteosarcoma.
Reciprocity in Morality and Law
Authors: Kedar Ronit Donyets 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Western liberal thought, which is rooted in the social contract tradition, views the relationship between rational contractors as fundamental to the authority of law, politics, and morality. Within this liberal discourse, dominant strands of modern moral philosophy claim that morality too is best understood in contractual terms. Accordingly, others are perceived first and foremost as autonomous, free, and equal parties to a reciprocal cooperative scheme, designed for mutual advantage.
This Article aims to challenge the contractual model as an appropriate framework for morality. My claim is that the constituting concepts of contractualist thought, especially the idea of reciprocity, while perhaps fitting to law, are misplaced in morality. I argue that importing the concept of reciprocity and its conceptual habitat from law to morality yields ethical contractualism an unconvincing moral theory.
Synthesis and characterization of heteroarylthio derivatives of 5,17-di-tert-butyl-11,23-diamido-25, 27-diprotected calix[4]arene
Authors: Zhao Bing , Ruan Yao-Yu , Deng Qi-Gang , Wang Li-Yan , Song Bo , Feng Ya-Qing 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
A series of 2-pyridylthio and 2-pyrimidinylthio derivatives of calix[4]arene have been synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS.
Development of adiposity, obesity and age at menarche: an 8-year follow-up study in Portuguese schoolgirls
Authors: Leitão Raquel Beatriz , Rodrigues Luís Paulo , Neves Luísa , Carvalho Graça Simões 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Aim: It has been suggested that the decline in menarcheal age is associated with the increase of obesity prevalence.
Objective: To examine the association between age at menarche and adiposity development from age 7 to 15 years.
Subjects: A cohort of 109 schoolgirls from Viana do Castelo (Northern Portugal).
Methods: Anthropometric measurements (height, weight, and triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses) were longitudinally obtained at 7, 8, 9, and 15 years. Waist circumference and self-reported age at menarche were obtained at age 15. Obesity was defined by the cut-off value of 30% body fat. Ages of <12 years, 12–13 years, and >13 years were classified as early menarche (EM), average menarche (AM) and late menarche (LM), respectively.
Results: Median menarcheal age was 12.0 years (range, 8–15 years), with 26.6% of girls classified as EM. Compared with their LM peers, EM girls were always fatter (p=0.001) and had higher waist circumference at age 15 (p=0.009). All variables showed significant negative associations with age at menarche, except subscapular to triceps skinfold ratio at all ages and height at age 15. At both ages 9 and 15 years, LM girls had the lowest prevalence of obesity (4.5% and 9.1%, respectively). The 8-year incidence of obesity in EM girls was 24.1%, while that in the AM plus LM group was 13.8% (p=0.005).
Conclusion: EM seems to be a risk factor for the development of obesity during adolescence. However, this vulnerability may start to be programmed before menarche as girls with precocious menarche were already fatter than their late-maturing peers at age 7 years.
Severity of symptomatology and subtypes in ADHD children with comorbid oppositional defiant and conduct disorders
Authors: Di Trani Michela , Di Roma Francesca , Scatena Maria Cristina , Donfrancesco Renato 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant and conduct disorders (ODD/CD) requires further studies.The aim was to examine the relationship among ADHD severity [assessed by ADHD Rating Scale-Parent Version (PV)], ADHD subtypes, and the comorbidity with ODD/CD in 217 Italian ADHD children.A total of 35.02% of the participants displayed ADHD with ODD, 14.29% ADHD with CD, and 50.69% no ODD/CD comorbid diagnosis. The Hyperactivity Score of the ADHD Rating Scale-PV was a significant predictor of ODD; age and the Hyperactivity Score were significant predictors of CD. The combined subtype was significantly higher in CD children.Data, which confirm the only recent article on the topic, help to clarify the relationship between ADHD and externalizing disorders.
Wheelchair-related falls – a review
Authors: Mikołajewska Emilia 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA wheelchair, as a basic equipment for disabled, older, and weak persons, gives them a chance for independent living. Knowledge of the most frequent circumstances of wheelchair-related falls is a key part of medical science and clinical practice. It allows the wheelchair user to anticipate the threat of falls and take appropriate precautions, thereby improving the results of therapy and care. This article aims to discuss the influence of wheelchair-related falls to the results of therapy and care by synthesizing published literature. The article also aims to investigate the extent to which available research opportunities are being exploited, including the direction of further research. Three major databases were searched to identify relevant articles using specific keywords as well as inclusion and exclusion criteria. Representative literature was synthesized to present the thematic scope and weight of current evidence. Up to this point, synthesized literature appears to confirm the hypothesis that wheelchair-related falls have a significantly negative influence on the results of therapy and care. There is a need for a common effective prevention policy in the area of wheelchair-related falls.
Evaluation of disable friendliness of a railway transport facility in Ludhiana city of Punjab, India
Authors: Sharma Ruchi , Kumar Manoj , Singh Amarjeet 
Published: January 2013

Abstract: Barriers make an environment unsafe and cause a high level of difficulty to the user. But more importantly, barriers cause space to be out of reach, denying disabled people the opportunity of participation in various spheres of life. This ranges from education, economic, social, cultural, and other activities. Many studies have focused on the disabilities study but less research has been devoted to the specific area such as railway transport facilities. Thus, this study was done with the objective to ascertain the extent to which a railway transport facility in Ludhiana city of Punjab is barrier free for the disabled.: A pretested questionnaire (Access Survey and Audit Checklist) was used, designed by the Rehabilitation Council of India and Samarthya National Center for Promotion of Barrier Free Environment for Disabled Persons was modified according to our study environment. Various aspects of study domains were scored according to their importance of usage as described by disabled people interviewed before the commencement of the study.: It was found in the study that disable friendliness of the railway transport facility remains a largely unrealized goal in Ludhiana city to date. The score obtained by the railway station of Ludhiana city was 41 and its disable friendliness was graded as average. The railway transport facility was far from being satisfactory than to be called barrier free. This loss of opportunity is not only a loss for the person concerned but also a loss for society, which misses out on their contribution.: Simply put, a barrier causes exclusion and its removal is necessary for ensuring inclusion and participation of all in society.
Improving admission temperature in extremely low birth weight infants: a hospital-based multi-intervention quality improvement project
Authors: Billimoria Zeenia , Chawla Sanjay , Bajaj Monika , Natarajan Girija 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Objective: To reduce the incidence of hypothermia (admission temperatures <36°C) in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) neonates using a multi-intervention quality improvement (QI) initiative.

Study design: We conducted a multi-intervention QI initiative to reduce hypothermia (admission temperatures <36°C) among preterm ELBW (≤1000 g birth weight) neonates born at Hutzel Women’s Hospital. The QI project was conducted in three periods: period 1, traditional thermal care of drying and wrapping in towel; period 2, wrapping in plastic wrap without first drying; and period 3, periodic staff education, additional use of chemical warming mattress, and increase in operating room temperature from 20°C to 21°C. Statistical analysis included ANOVA, χ
2, and logistic regression as appropriate.

Results: In our cohort of 209 patients, baseline characteristics were comparable in the three periods except for a reduction in the need for surfactant doses in the 3rd period. Temperature on admission to the neonatal intensive care unit was significantly higher, with a reduction in hypothermia in the 3rd period. There was no patient with a temperature of ≥37.5°C. On logistic regression, with gestational age, 5-min Apgar score, and mode of delivery as covariates, time period 3 was significantly associated with a reduction in the incidence of hypothermia (P=0.02).

Conclusion: A concerted QI approach improved admission temperature in ELBW neonates, with more neonates in the euthermic range, without increasing the risk for hyperthermia. Such an approach could be associated with improved outcomes in this population.
Microstructure characteristics of laser alloying composite coatings in nitrogen protective atmosphere
Authors: Li Wei , Yu Huijun , Chen Chuanzhong , Wang Diangang 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
This work is based on microstructural characteristics of Ti-B4C-C laser alloying composite coatings on Ti-6Al-4V alloy in nitrogen protective atmosphere. Test results indicated that laser alloying of Ti-B4C-C pre-placed powders on titanium alloys substrate can form ceramics reinforced hard alloying coatings, which increased the micro-hardness of the substrate. Test results also indicated that the Ti(CN) phase that was formed in situ in the upper coating was undeveloped dendritic, and thus reduced the possibility of crack formation in alloying coating. Moreover, the TiB and TiC phases were produced in alloying coating, which corresponded to its (210) and (220) crystal planes, respectively.
Organizational Justice and Major Depressive Episodes in Japanese Employees: A Cross‐sectional Study
Authors: Inoue Akiomi , Kawakami Norito , Tsuno Kanami , Tomioka Kimiko , Nakanishi Mayuko 
Published: January 2013

Organizational Justice and Major Depressive Episodes in Japanese Employees: A Cross‐Sectional Study: Akiomi INOUE, et al. Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan—ObjectivesSeveral European studies showed that low organizational justice (i.e., procedural justice and interactional justice) was associated with major depressive disorders. In these studies, however, the diagnosis of major depressive disorders may be underestimated because they identified only individuals who visited a doctor and Received a diagnosis. Moreover, these studies did not consider neurotic personality traits, which can affect the occurrence of major depressive disorders. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the cross‐sectional association of organizational justice with major depressive episodes in the past 12 months more precisely in Japanese employees.MethodsA total of 425 males and 708 females from five branches of a manufacturing company in Japan completed self‐administered questionnaires measuring organizational justice, other job stressors (i.e., job strain, social support at work, and effort‐reward imbalance), neuroticism, and demographic characteristics. A web‐based self‐administered version of the computerized Composite International Diagnostic Interview Version 3.0 (CIDI 3.0) was used to assess major depressive episodes. Logistic regression analyses were conducted.ResultsIn the univariate analysis, low procedural justice and low interactional justice were significantly associated with major depressive episodes in the past 12 months. After adjusting for other job stressors and demographic characteristics, only the association of interactional justice remained significant. The moderating effect of neuroticism on the association of organizational justice with major depressive episodes in the past 12 months was not significant.ConclusionsLow interactional justice may be associated with major depressive disorders regardless or other job stressors or neurotic personality traits.
Incorporation of Project‐based Learning into an Occupational Health Course
Authors: Dehdashti Alireza , Mehralizadeh Semira , Kashani Masoud Motalebi 
Published: January 2013

Incorporation of Project‐based Learning into an Occupational Health Course: Alireza DEHDASHTI, et al. Occupational Health Department, Faculty of Health, Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Iran—ObjectiveUse of an appropriate teaching approach is a major concern for faculty members who are involved in occupational health and safety academic education. The challenge is to explore teaching tools to equip students with knowledge and skills to prepare them for their practices, in which they will encounter occupational health and safety issues in various occupational settings. The current study presents the design and implementation of a team project‐based learning approach for undergraduate occupational health students to examine the appropriateness and perceptions of students and educators with regard to such a learning experience. Methodology: Steps were taken to guide the educators and students through the learning process based on projects completed in teams. The research tools for collecting data were a questionnaire and semi‐structured interviews with participants.ResultsThe results illustrated that use of the proposed teaching approach as part of occupational health education may have the potential to motivate and enhance the active roles of educators and students in the learning process, and improve students' technical and social skills that are crucial for practice in the occupational health field.ConclusionsThe study findings showed that project‐based learning may provide a promising teaching strategy in the education and training of occupational health students. In addition, academic institutions should encourage educators to plan, introduce and evaluate the effectiveness of project‐based learning.