bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta (hemitruncus) in a premature infant: A case report and literature review
Authors: Bi Wenjing , Ren Weidong , Song Guang , Shang Cong , Pan Fuzhi , Xu Min 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTAnomalous origin of one pulmonary artery from the aorta (AOPA) is a rare congenital anomaly. Here, we report the case of a premature infant with a delayed diagnosis of AOPA who died before surgical repair could be attempted, and we review the literature regarding the diagnosis and surgical approaches in premature infants with AOPA. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 42:367–370, 2014
Infection of epithelial cells with dengue virus promotes the expression of proteins favoring the replication of certain viral strains
Authors: Martínez‐Betancur Viviana , Marín‐Villa Marcel , Martínez‐Gutierrez Marlén 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDengue virus (DENV) is the causative agent of dengue and severe dengue. To understand better the dengue virus‐host interaction, it is important to determine how the expression of cellular proteins is modified due to infection. Therefore, a comparison of protein expression was conducted in Vero cells infected with two different DENV strains, both serotype 2: DENV‐2/NG (associated with dengue) and DENV‐2/16681 (associated with severe dengue). The viability of the infected cells was determined, and neither strain induced cell death at 48 hr. In addition, the viral genomes and infectious viral particles were quantified, and the genome of the DENV‐2/16681 strain was determined to have a higher replication rate compared with the DENV‐2/NG strain. Finally, the proteins from infected and uninfected cultures were separated using two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis, and the differentially expressed proteins were identified by mass spectrometry. Compared with the uninfected controls, the DENV‐2/NG‐ and DENV‐2/16681‐infected cultures had five and six differentially expressed proteins, respectively. The most important results were observed when the infected cultures were compared to each other (DENV‐2/NG vs. DENV‐2/16681), and 18 differentially expressed proteins were identified. Based on their cellular functions, many of these proteins were linked to the increase in the replication efficiency of DENV. Among the proteins were calreticulin, acetyl coenzyme A, acetyl transferase, and fatty acid‐binding protein. It was concluded that the infection of Vero cells with DENV‐2/NG or DENV‐2/16681 differentially modifies the expression of certain proteins, which can, in turn, facilitate infection. J. Med. Virol. 86:1448–1458, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Preoperative radiation for retroperitoneal sarcoma is not associated with increased early postoperative morbidity
Authors: Bartlett Edmund K. , Roses Robert E. , Meise Chelsey , Fraker Douglas L. , Kelz Rachel R. , Karakousis Giorgos C. 
Published: December 2013

Background and ObjectivesPreoperative radiation (PR) in the management of retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) is controversial. Concern for increased perioperative morbidity may influence the decision to recommend PR. Here we compare 30‐day morbidity and mortality (M + M) after resection of RPS with and without PR.MethodsPatients undergoing resection of RPS were identified using ACS NSQIP (2005–2011). Patients with known PR status within 90 days of operation were included. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with M + M.ResultsOf 696 patients operated on for RPS, 70 (10%) underwent PR. PR patients were younger (mean 55 vs. 61 years), more frequently had hypoalbuminemia (<3 g/dl; 19% vs. 10%), concomitant kidney (29% vs. 18%), or pancreas resections (11% vs. 5%), longer operations (mean 327 vs. 253 min), and increased transfusion requirements (mean 4.1 vs. 2.1 units, each P < 0.05). Despite these differences, the M + M rate (31% with vs. 30% without PR, P = 0.75) was comparable between the two groups. After adjustment for confounders, no association was identified between PR and M + M.ConclusionsIn a national cohort of RPS patients, PR is infrequently utilized. Despite the increased prevalence of multiple risk factors, PR patients do not have an increased 30‐day postoperative M + M. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:606–611. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of bone marrow composition on measurements of trabecular microstructure using decay due to diffusion in the internal field MRI: Simulations and clinical studies
Authors: Sprinkhuizen Sara M. , Ackerman Jerome L. , Song Yi‐Qiao 
Published: December 2013

PurposeDecay due to diffusion in the internal field (DDIF) MRI allows for measurements of microstructures of porous materials at low spatial resolution and thus has potential for trabecular bone quality measurements. In trabecular bone, solid bone changes (osteoporosis) as well as changes in bone marrow composition occur. The influence of such changes on DDIF MRI was studied by simulations and in vivo measurements.MethodsMonte Carlo simulations of DDIF in various trabecular bone models were conducted. Changes in solid bone and marrow composition were simulated with numerical bone erosion and marrow susceptibility variations. Additionally, in vivo measurements were performed in the lumbar spine of healthy volunteers aged 23–62 years.ResultsSimulations and in vivo results showed that 1) DDIF decay times decrease with increasing marrow fat and 2) the marrow fat percentage needs to be incorporated in the DDIF analysis to discriminate between healthy and osteoporotic solid bone structures.ConclusionsBone marrow composition plays an important role in DDIF MRI: incorporation of marrow fat percentage into DDIF MRI allowed for differentiation of young and old age groups (in vivo experiments). DDIF MRI may develop into a means of assessing osteoporosis and disorders that affect marrow composition. Magn Reson Med 72:1499–1508, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Simultaneous multiagent hyperpolarized 13C perfusion imaging
Authors: von Morze Cornelius , Bok Robert A. , Reed Galen D. , Ardenkjaer‐Larsen Jan Henrik , Kurhanewicz John , Vigneron Daniel B. 
Published: December 2013

PurposeTo demonstrate simultaneous hyperpolarization and imaging of three 13C‐labeled perfusion MRI contrast agents with dissimilar molecular structures ([13C]urea, [13C]hydroxymethyl cyclopropane, and [13C]t‐butanol) and correspondingly variable chemical shifts and physiological characteristics, and to exploit their varying diffusibility for simultaneous measurement of vascular permeability and perfusion in initial preclinical studies.MethodsRapid and efficient dynamic multislice imaging was enabled by a novel pulse sequence incorporating balanced steady state free precession excitation and spectral‐spatial readout by multiband frequency encoding, designed for the wide, regular spectral separation of these compounds. We exploited the varying bilayer permeability of these tracers to quantify vascular permeability and perfusion parameters simultaneously, using perfusion modeling methods that were investigated in simulations. “Tripolarized” perfusion MRI methods were applied to initial preclinical studies with differential conditions of vascular permeability, in normal mouse tissues and advanced transgenic mouse prostate tumors.ResultsDynamic imaging revealed clear differences among the individual tracer distributions. Computed permeability maps demonstrated differential permeability of brain tissue among the tracers, and tumor perfusion and permeability were both elevated over values expected for normal tissues.ConclusionTripolarized perfusion MRI provides new molecular imaging measures for specifically monitoring permeability, perfusion, and transport simultaneously in vivo. Magn Reson Med 72:1599–1609, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effects of a master's program on teachers' science instruction: Results from classroom observations, teacher reports, and student surveys
Authors: Copur‐Gencturk Yasemin , Hug Barbara , Lubienski Sarah Theule 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThis study examines the impact of a new master's degree program on the instructional practices of K‐8 in‐service teachers. This 2.5‐year master's program was designed to deepen in‐service teachers' knowledge in science and mathematics and promote greater use of reform‐oriented instruction. Teachers' instructional practices were captured annually through classroom observations, student reports, and teacher self‐reports. Based on the results of the first 2 years of program implementation, there was a significantly positive change in the extent to which teachers implemented reform‐oriented practices in the classroom. However, these changes were most prominent in the first year of the program. A comparison of different data sources indicated that teachers perceived their progress toward reform‐oriented instruction as far more steady than indicated by outside observers or student reports. Implications for current policies, professional development, and further research are discussed. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 51: 219–249, 2014
Quality of Life After Surgical Treatment of Early Barrett’s Cancer: A Prospective Comparison of the Ivor‐Lewis Resection Versus the Modified Merendino Resection
Authors: Zapletal Ch. , Heesen Ch. , Origer J. , Pauthner M. , Pech O. , Ell Ch. , Lorenz Dietmar 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIntroduction
The Merendino (MER) procedure has been evaluated as an alternative to transthoracic esophageal resection (TER) for early stage Barrett’s carcinoma. Apart from reducing morbidity and mortality, improvements concerning postoperative health‐related quality of life (HRQL) have been postulated. The aim of our study was to compare HRQL between these procedures.Materials and methodsBetween July 2000 and July 2007, 117 patients with early Barrett’s carcinoma underwent surgery. Patients with tumor recurrence were excluded from the study. HRQL was assessed 1 and 2 years after surgery using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Core Questionnaire (EORTC‐QLQ‐C30) and the QLQ‐OES18 module. Patients recently diagnosed with early Barrett’s carcinoma served as controls. Symptoms that showed a difference of more than ten between the control and the study groups were considered clinically relevant and were tested for significant differences between the study groups using the Mann–Whitney U test (p < 0.05).ResultsThe response rates for the questionnaires ranged between 70 and 93 %. In the MER group, more items reflected a clinical relevant impairment of HRQL than in the TER group. Significant complaints in the MER group included nausea/vomiting, appetite loss, local pain, difficulties with social eating, and choking. Moreover, we found a significant restriction concerning global health and emotional and social functioning in this group 1 year after surgery. 2 years postoperatively, hardly any differences between the operative techniques could be detected. The only symptom in favor of the MER procedure was a better dysphagia score postoperatively.ConclusionOur study suggests that MER procedure is not superior to subtotal esophagectomy with regard to HRQL.
Effectiveness of a Transanal Tube for the Prevention of Anastomotic Leakage after Rectal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Nishigori Hideaki , Ito Masaaki , Nishizawa Yuji , Nishizawa Yusuke , Kobayashi Akihiro , Sugito Masanori , Saito Norio 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAimWe evaluated the effectiveness and safety of a transanal tube placed for the prevention of anastomotic leakage after rectal surgery.MethodsBetween 2007 and 2011, a total of 243 patients underwent anterior resection using the double stapling technique for rectal cancer at our institution. We excluded 67 patients with diverting stoma and divided the remaining patients into two groups: patients who did not receive a transanal tube and diverting stoma (n = 140; control group) and those who received a transanal tube (n = 36). We compared the rate of anastomotic leakage, evaluated the complications associated with the transanal tube, and analyzed the risk factors for anastomotic leakage.ResultsThe following perioperative parameters were significantly different between the two groups as follows (control group vs. transanal tube group): diabetes mellitus (8 [22 %] vs. 12 [8.5 %] patients, respectively; p = 0.03), surgical duration (262 ± 54.1 min [171–457] vs. 233 ± 61.7 min [126–430], respectively; p < 0.01). The postoperative anastomosis leakage appeared significantly different between the two groups (1 [2.7 %] vs. 22 [15.7 %] patients, respectively; p = 0.04). Anastomotic leakage was significantly associated with the distance between the anastomosis line and the anal verge (odds ratio [OR] 8.58; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.53–48.0; p = 0.01) and non‐use of a transanal tube (OR 11.1; 95 % CI 1.04–118; p = 0.04) in both univariate and multivariate analyses.ConclusionsPlacement of a transanal tube is effective in decreasing the rate of anastomotic leakage after anterior resection using the double stapling technique. However, complications associated with a transanal tube should be carefully considered.
Pathological Confirmation of Para‐Aortic Lymph Node Status as a Potential Criterion for the Selection of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Patients for Radical Resection with Regional Lymph Node Dissection
Authors: Nakayama Tomohide , Tsuchikawa Takahiro , Shichinohe Toshiaki , Nakamura Toru , Ebihara Yuma , Hirano Satoshi 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundPara‐aortic lymph node (PAN) metastasis traditionally has been defined as distant metastasis. Many studies suggest that lymph node metastasis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is one of the strongest prognostic factors for patient survival; however, the status of the PAN was not examined separately from regional lymph node metastasis in these reports. Here, we investigated whether regional lymph node metastasis without PAN metastasis in ICC can be classified as resectable disease and whether curative resection can have a prognostic impact.MethodsBetween 1998 and 2010, a total of 47 ICC patients underwent hepatic resection and systematic lymphadenectomy with curative intent. We routinely dissected the PANs and had frozen‐section pathological examinations performed intraoperatively. If PAN metastases were identified, curative resection was abandoned. We retrospectively investigated the prognostic factors for patient survival after curative resection for ICC without PAN metastases, with particular attention paid to the prognostic impact of lymphadenectomy.ResultsUnivariate analysis identified concomitant portal vein resection, concomitant hepatic artery resection, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative transfusion, and residual tumor as significant negative prognostic factors. However, lymph node status was not identified as a significant prognostic factor. The 14 patients with node‐positive cancer had a survival rate of 20 % at 5 years. Based on multivariate analysis, intraoperative transfusion was an independent prognostic factor associated with a poor prognosis (risk ratio = 4.161; P = 0.0056).ConclusionsRegional lymph node metastasis in ICC should be classified as resectable disease, because the survival rate after surgical intervention was acceptable when PAN metastasis was pathologically negative.
Massive Hemobilia: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge
Authors: Devakumar Murugesan Satish , Sathyanesan Jeswanth , Lakshmanan Anand , Ramaswami Sukumar , Perumal Senthilkumar , Ulagendra Perumal Srinivasan , Ramasamy Ravi , Palaniappan Ravichandran 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundMassive hemobilia is a rare but potentially life‐threatening cause of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. In this retrospective analysis, we have evaluated the challenges involved in the diagnosis and management of massive hemobilia.MethodsBetween 2001 and 2011, a total of 20 consecutive patients (14 males) who were treated in our department for massive hemobilia were included in the study and their records were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsCauses of hemobilia were blunt liver trauma (n = 9), hepatobiliary intervention (n = 4), post‐laparoscopic cholecystectomy hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm (n = 3), hepatobiliary tumors (n = 3), and vascular malformation (n = 1). Melena, abdominal pain, hematemesis, and jaundice were the leading symptoms. All patients had undergone upper GI endoscopy, abdominal ultrasound, and computerized tomography of the abdomen. An angiogram and therapeutic embolization were done in 12 patients and was successful in nine but failed in three, requiring surgery. Surgical procedures performed were right hepatectomy (n = 4), extended right hepatectomy (n = 1), segmentectomy (n = 1), extended cholecystectomy (n = 1), repair of the pseudoaneurysm (n = 3), and right hepatic artery ligation (n = 1).ConclusionThe successful diagnosis of hemobilia depends on a high index of suspicion for patients with upper GI bleeding and biliary symptoms. Although transarterial embolization is the therapeutic option of choice for massive hemobilia, surgery has a definitive role in patients with hemodynamic instability, after failed embolization, and in patients requiring laparotomy for other reasons.
Short‐Term and Long‐Term Outcomes After Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Matsumoto Sohei , Takayama Tomoyoshi , Wakatsuki Kohei , Tanaka Tetsuya , Migita Kazuhiro , Nakajima Yoshiyuki 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing, which might be an obstacle to various aspects of gastric cancer treatment, such as perisurgical management and postsurgical follow‐up. The present study aimed to evaluate the short‐ and long‐term surgical outcomes following gastrectomy in patients with CKD.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed surgical complications and prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. These patients were divided into three groups according to the glomerular filtration rate (GFR): 49 patients with severe CKD (GFR < 29 ml/min/1.73 m2), 128 with mild CKD (GFR 30–59), and 798 in the controls (GFR ≥ 60).ResultsThe incidences of anastomotic leakage and intraabdominal abscess in the mild and severe CKD groups were higher than that in the control group. The incidences of wound infection, cardiovascular and pulmonary events, and in‐hospital mortality in the severe CKD group were higher than those in the other two groups. Severe surgical complications were associated with co‐morbidities other than CKD, serum albumin level, estimated blood loss, surgery duration in the mild and severe CKD group. The 3‐year overall survival rates for the severe CKD, mild CKD, and control groups were 48.6, 80.9, and 85.0 %, respectively, indicating significant differences between the severe CKD group and other two groups.ConclusionsPatients with severe CKD show an increased risk of morbidity and mortality following gastrectomy, and their prognosis is usually poor. Studies with a large cohort are essential to refine the risk stratification for gastrectomy in this high‐risk population.
Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Hybrid Electronic Medical Record System Specifically Designed for a Developing World Surgical Service
Authors: Laing G. L. , Bruce J. L. , Skinner D. L. , Allorto N. L. , Clarke D. L. , Aldous C. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service previously successfully constructed and implemented an electronic surgical registry (ESR). This study reports on our attempts to expand and develop this concept into a multi‐functional hybrid electronic medical record (HEMR) system for use in a tertiary level surgical service. This HEMR system was designed to incorporate the function and benefits of an ESR, an electronic medical record (EMR) system, and a clinical decision support system (CDSS).
MethodsFormal ethical approval to maintain the HEMR system was obtained. Appropriate software was sourced to develop the project. The data model was designed as a relational database. Following the design and construction process, the HEMR file was launched on a secure server. This provided the benefits of access security and automated backups. A systematic training program was implemented for client training. The exercise of data capture was integrated into the process of clinical workflow, taking place at multiple points in time. Data were captured at the times of admission, operative intervention, endoscopic intervention, adverse events (morbidity), and the end of patient care (discharge, transfer, or death).ResultsA quarterly audit was performed 3 months after implementation of the HEMR system. The data were extracted and audited to assess their quality. A total of 1,114 patient entries were captured in the system. Compliance rates were in the order of 87–100 %, and client satisfaction rates were high.ConclusionsIt is possible to construct and implement a unique, simple, cost‐effective HEMR system in a developing world surgical service. This information system is unique in that it combines the discrete functions of an EMR system with an ESR and a CDSS. We identified a number of potential limitations and developed interventions to ameliorate them. This HEMR system provides the necessary platform for ongoing quality improvement programs and clinical research.
Changes in expression levels of oxidative stress‐related genes in mouse epididymides by neonatal exposure to low‐dose decabromodiphenyl ether
Authors: Nakamoto Makoto , Miyaso Hidenobu , Komiyama Masatoshi , Matsuno Yoshiharu , Mori Chisato 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDecabromodiphenyl ether (decaBDE), one of the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), is the most well‐known flame retardant and is used worldwide. In a previous study, we identified adverse effects of neonatal decaBDE exposure on mouse epididymides, such as decreased epididymal weight. On the other hand, neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES), an artificial estrogenic compound, also causes several adverse effects on epididymides. DES exposure results in decreased epididymal weight, morphological abnormalities, and permanent alterations in the expression levels of several genes. The molecular mechanisms underlying the harmful effects of decaBDE exposure remain unclear. Many studies have reported that PBDEs have estrogenic activity, which may contribute to the induction of the adverse effects of decaBDE exposure. We aimed to examine the effects of neonatal decaBDE exposure on epididymides. Our data showed that (1) no histological change was observed on epididymal tissues from neonatal decaBDE exposure, unlike the effect of DES, (2) decaBDE exposure did not induce the alterations in gene expression observed with DES exposure; instead alterations in gene expression of certain oxidative stress‐related genes were observed, and (3) the expression of ubiquitin C increased in decaBDE‐exposed mouse epididymides. Our present data suggest the possibility that increased oxidative stress plays a role in the harmful effects observed in mouse epididymides after decaBDE‐exposure.
Neutral genomic regions refine models of recent rapid human population growth
Authors: Gazave Elodie , Ma Li , Chang Diana , Coventry Alex , Gao Feng , Muzny Donna , Boerwinkle Eric , Gibbs Richard A. , Sing Charles F. , Clark Andrew G. , Keinan Alon 
Published: December 2013

Significance
Recent rapid growth of human populations predicts that a large number of genetic variants in populations today are very rare, i.e., appear in a small number of individuals. This effect is similar to that of purifying selection, which drives deleterious alleles to become rarer. Recent studies of the genetic signature left by rapid growth were confounded by purifying selection since they focused on genes. Here, to study recent human history with minimal confounding by selection, we sequenced and examined genetic variants far from genes. These data point to the human population size growing by about 3.4% per generation over the last 3,000–4,000 y, resulting in a greater than 100-fold increase in population size over that epoch.