bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survey of Emergency Medicine Pharmacy Education Opportunities for Students and Residents
Authors: Vollman Kristan E. , Adams Christopher B. , Shah Manish N. , Acquisto Nicole M. 
Published: September 2015

Background Pharmacy services in the emergency department (ED) have been shown to decrease medication adverse events and improve patient outcomes. Anecdotally, there has been expansion of emergency medicine (EM) educational opportunities for pharmacy students and postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) pharmacy residents, however the extent of this expansion is currently unknown. Objective The objective of this survey study is to determine the prevalence and nature of EM pharmacy training available to pharmacy students and residents. Methods Electronic surveys were distributed to chairs of departments of pharmacy practice and experiential education representatives at Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education–accredited colleges or schools of pharmacy as well as residency program directors at American Society of Health-System Pharmacists–accredited postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) programs. Questions were asked related to demographics, EM introductory or advanced pharmacy practice experiences (IPPE or APPE), and PGY1 and non-EM postgraduate year 2 (PGY2) rotations. Five reminder e-mails and weekly and grand prize drawings were offered. Data that were gathered are presented utilizing descriptive statistics. Results Overall, 57/110 (52%) colleges or schools of pharmacy representatives and 286/831 (34%) residency program representatives completed the survey. Colleges or schools of pharmacy reported EM IPPEs and APPEs at 12/57 (21.1%) and 44/53 (83%), respectively. EM pharmacy rotations were available for PGY1 and non-EM PGY2 residents at 212/286 (74.1%) and 83/157 (52.9%) of institutions, respectively. Conclusions Survey results represent the prevalence and characteristics of EM-related education opportunities for pharmacy students and residents.
Compatibility of Vancomycin and Oxacillin during Simulated Y-Site Delivery
Authors: Teibel Hilary M. , Knoderer Chad A. , Nichols Kristen R. 
Published: September 2015

Background Vancomycin and oxacillin may be used together as empiric coverage in patients with proven or suspected Staphylococcus aureus infections . Though vancomycin hydrochloride 20 mg/mL and oxacillin sodium 160 mg/mL are reported to be compatible via Y-site delivery, Y-site compatibility of commonly used concentrations, vancomycin 10 mg/mL and oxacillin 20 mg/mL, has not yet been reported. Objective To determine the Y-site compatibility of vancomycin 10 mg/mL and oxacillin 20 mg/mL. Methods One vancomycin hydrochloride 1 g vial was reconstituted with 10 mL sterile water for injection (SWFI) and diluted with 90 mL 5% dextrose in water (D5W) in an evacuated intravenous (IV) bag. One oxacillin sodium 2 g vial was reconstituted with 11.5 mL sterile water for injection and diluted with 88 mL sterile water for injection in an evacuated IV bag. Three mL of each vancomycin and oxacillin were mixed in 4 test tubes to simulate Y-site delivery. Spectrometry, pH evaluation, and visual examination were performed for each test tube immediately following mixing and at 30 minutes, 1 hour, and 2 hours after mixing. Results Upon visual examination with multiple backgrounds, a white precipitant was immediately evident in the test tubes with vancomycin and oxacillin combined. Spectrometry results strongly supported evidence of precipitation throughout the duration of the experiment. Conclusions Vancomycin 10 mg/mL and oxacillin 20 mg/mL were determined to be physically incompatible for Y-site delivery in this study, despite prior evidence that the 2 medications in different concentrations were suitable for Y-site co-administration.
Web browsers forensic analysis review<p>Web tarayıcılarda adli analiz incelemesi
Authors: Baran Erkan , Çakır Huseyin , Uluyol Çelebi 
Published: September 2015

<p>Nowadays, web browser tools are seen ıntensıvely durıng the usage of web applıcatıons. Because of that, browsers provıdes ınfrastructure of a largo majorıty of crımes. Because guılty or suspect can use the browsers to collect ınformatıons, to hıde hıs crıme, learn new crımınal methods or to apply they have learned. In thıs study, ıt ıs also seeked answers of how a process can be monıtored on the computers whıch are used on browsers, ın whıch fıles whıch datas are looked and when and whıch sıtes are accessed. Accordıng to research of W3counter web stats tool, Chrome Web browser, whıch has %43 persentage of across the world ın usage, ıs proses as the most demanded browser ın thıs study by users, and ıt ıs scented out ın thıs browser's related fıles. In these days, ''hıdden mode'' whıch take part ın vast majorıty of browsers ıs also examıned. Thıs feature of the browser, whıch ıs receıved reference, ıs tracked by testıng and ıs sought data ın RAM memory and fıle systems. Thus, '' hıdden mode'' effects are dıscussed ın provıdıng studıes about suspect or crımınal posıtıon people, what kınd of data can be obtaıned ın usıng '' hıdden mode” ıs revealed.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Özet</strong></p><p>Günümüzde internet uygulamalarının kullanımı sırasında web tarayıcı araçlarının yoğun bir şekilde kullanımı görülmektedir. Bu nedenle tarayıcılar, işlenen suçların büyük bir çoğunluğuna altyapı sağlar. Çünkü suçlu ya da şüpheli, tarayıcıları bilgi toplamak, suçunu gizlemek, yeni suç metotları öğrenmek ya da öğrendiklerini uygulamak için kullanabilir. Bu çalışmada da tarayıcıların kullanıldığı bilgisayarlar üzerinde bırakılan izlerin tespitinde nasıl bir süreç izlenebileceği, hangi dosyalarda hangi verilere bakılabileceği ve ne zaman hangi sitelere erişim sağlandığı gibi çeşitli sorulara cevaplar aranmaktadır. w3counter adlı internet istatistik aracının yaptığı araştırmaya göre, dünya genelinde %43'lük bir kullanım alanına sahip olan Chrome web tarayıcısı, kullanıcılar tarafından en çok talep gören tarayıcı olarak bu araştırma içinde referans alınmaktadır ve bu tarayıcıya ait ilgili dosyalarda izler sürülmektedir. Ayrıca günümüz tarayıcıların büyük bir çoğunluğunda yer alan “<strong>gizli mod</strong>” özelliği incelenmektedir. Referans alınan tarayıcının bu özelliği test edilerek iz sürülmekte, dosya sistemlerinde ve RAM bellekte veri aranmaktadır.Böylelikle “gizli mod” kullanımında ne tür veriler elde edilebileceği ortaya konarak şüpheli ya da suçlu konumundaki kişilere ait delillendirme çalışmalarında “gizli mod” kullanımının etkileri tartışılmaktadır. </p>
A natural language interface for querying general and individual knowledge
Authors: Amsterdamer Yael , Kukliansky Anna , Milo Tova 
Published: September 2015

Many real-life scenarios require the joint analysis ofgeneral knowledge, which includes facts about the world, withindividual knowledge, which relates to the opinions or habits of individuals. Recently developed crowd mining platforms, which were designed for such tasks, are a major step towards the solution. However, these platforms require users to specify their information needs in a formal, declarative language, which may be too complicated for naïve users. To make the joint analysis of general and individual knowledge accessible to the public, it is desirable to provide an interface that translates the user questions, posed in natural language (NL), into the formal query languages that crowd mining platforms support.While the translation of NL questions to queries over conventional databases has been studied in previous work, a setting with mixed individual and general knowledge raises unique challenges. In particular, to support the distinct query constructs associated with these two types of knowledge, the NL question must be partitioned and translated using different means; yet eventually all the translated parts should be seamlessly combined to a well-formed query. To account for these challenges, we design and implement a modular translation framework that employs new solutions along with state-of-the art NL parsing tools. The results of our experimental study, involving real user questions on various topics, demonstrate that our framework provides a high-quality translation for many questions that are not handled by previous translation tools.
Gobblin
Authors: Qiao Lin , Li Yinan , Takiar Sahil , Liu Ziyang , Veeramreddy Narasimha , Tu Min , Dai Ying , Buenrostro Issac , Surlaker Kapil , Das Shirshanka , Botev Chavdar 
Published: September 2015

Data ingestion is an essential part of companies and organizations that collect and analyze large volumes of data. This paper describes Gobblin, a generic data ingestion framework for Hadoop and one of LinkedIn's latest open source products. At LinkedIn we need to ingest data from various sources such as relational stores, NoSQL stores, streaming systems, REST endpoints, filesystems, etc. into our Hadoop clusters. Maintaining independent pipelines for each source can lead to various operational problems. Gobblin aims to solve this issue by providing a centralized data ingestion framework that makes it easy to support ingesting data from a variety of sources.
Gobblin distinguishes itself from similar frameworks by focusing on three core principles: generality, extensibility, and operability. Gobblin supports a mixture of data sources out-of-the-box and can be easily extended for more. This enables an organization to use a single framework to handle different data ingestion needs, making it easy and inexpensive to operate. Moreover, with an end-to-end metrics collection and reporting module, Gobblin makes it simple and efficient to identify issues in production.
Gorilla
Authors: Pelkonen Tuomas , Franklin Scott , Teller Justin , Cavallaro Paul , Huang Qi , Meza Justin , Veeraraghavan Kaushik 
Published: September 2015

Large-scale internet services aim to remain highly available and responsive in the presence of unexpected failures. Providing this service often requires monitoring and analyzing tens of millions of measurements per second across a large number of systems, and one particularly effective solution is to store and query such measurements in a time series database (TSDB).A key challenge in the design of TSDBs is how to strike the right balance between efficiency, scalability, and reliability. In this paper we introduce Gorilla, Facebook's in-memory TSDB. Our insight is that users of monitoring systems do not place much emphasis on individual data points but rather on aggregate analysis, and recent data points are of much higher value than older points to quickly detect and diagnose the root cause of an ongoing problem. Gorilla optimizes for remaining highly available for writes and reads, even in the face of failures, at the expense of possibly dropping small amounts of data on the write path. To improve query efficiency, we aggressively leverage compression techniques such as delta-of-delta timestamps and XOR'd floating point values to reduce Gorilla's storage footprint by 10x. This allows us to store Gorilla's data in memory, reducing query latency by 73x and improving query throughput by 14x when compared to a traditional database (HBase)-backed time series data. This performance improvement has unlocked new monitoring and debugging tools, such as time series correlation search and more dense visualization tools. Gorilla also gracefully handles failures from a single-node to entire regions with little to no operational overhead.
Existence and multiplicity of entire solutions for fractional p-Kirchhoff equations
Authors: Pucci Patrizia , Xiang Mingqi , Zhang Binlin 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is mainly to investigate the existence of entire solutions of the stationary Kirchhoff type equations driven by the fractional p-Laplacian operator in ℝ
N
. By using variational methods and topological degree theory, we prove multiplicity results depending on a real parameter λ and under suitable general integrability properties of the ratio between some powers of the weights. Finally, existence of infinitely many pair of entire solutions is obtained by genus theory. Last but not least, the paper covers a main feature of Kirchhoff problems which is the fact that the Kirchhoff function M can be zero at zero. The results of this paper are new even for the standard stationary Kirchhoff equation involving the Laplace operator.
Effects of Strategic Planning Time on L2 Paired Oral Test Performance
Authors: Wang Haizhen , Song Fangqi 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPlanning, as a task condition, is hypothesized to influence L2 test performance and thus test scores (Skehan, 1998). This study investigates the effects of lengths of strategic planning time on L2 paired oral test performance, moderated by L2 proficiency. It aims to determine whether differences in performance result from 0, 1, 2 or 3 minutes of planning time, and whether planning time and proficiency interactively affect performance. The participants were 72 Chinese EFL learners, divided into four groups, each performing the same dialogic task with 1 or 2 or 3 minute planning time or none. All speech recordings were rated by two trained raters, and the transcripts of the speech samples subjected to a discourse analysis, measuring fluency features of Rate A and Rate B, complexity features of syntactic complexity, syntactic variety and lexical variety, and accuracy features of error-free clauses and correct verb forms. Findings show a stable accuracy, higher fluency in the planned condition, and greater syntactic complexity when learners are given 3 minutes’ planning time. No interaction is found between planning time and proficiency.
The Development of Bilingual Children’s Narrative Skills: A Report of the “Looking Glass Neighborhood” Program
Authors: Chen Sibo 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis paper evaluates Look Glass Neighborhood (LGN), an educational after-school program being experimented in San Diego, California. Following the theories of Vygotskian psychology and the “Fifth-Dimension” education model, LGN aims at improving bilingual children’s literacy via interactive games and letter writing activities. Based on previous studies on first language acquisition over past decades, the paper first discusses the inadequacy of research on child narrative development, especially in terms of the lack of attention to bilingual children and the insufficient discussion on applying first language acquisition theories to early literacy education. Then, it demonstrates the unique designs of the “Looking Glass Neighborhood” program by a qualitative analysis of ethnographic data from two elementary school bilingual participants in the program, explicating the program’s focuses on the interactions between oral performance and content-focused co-writing activities. Finally, the paper explores the possibility to embed some design elements of LGN such as content-based, co-writing activities and indirect oral corrective feedback into China’s current kindergarten and elementary EFL curriculums.
The Effects of Written Corrective Feedback on Chinese EFL Learners’ Acquisition of English Collocations
Authors: Wang Ting , Jiang Lin 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe role of written corrective feedback (CF) in the process of acquiring a second language (L2) has been an issue of considerable controversies over past decades. This study thus endeavors to extend current work on written CF by investigating and comparing the effect on collocation learning of one traditional type of feedback—direct corrective feedback (DCF)—with an innovative type of error correction, feedback provided within context—situated feedback (SF). The effects of the two types of written feedback were measured by examining the accurate use of target collocations in a translation test and a multiple choice test completed by 73 intermediate EFL students in China. Three groups were formed: a DCF group, an SF group, and a control group. The study found that both treatment groups outperformed the control group in the posttests and delayed posttests and that there were significant advantages of the SF group in comparison to the DCF group in both posttests. The results suggested that the provision of written CF was helpful for collocation learning and that situational context could promote the facilitative role of written CF in language acquisition. These findings are discussed from the perspectives of both second language acquisition (SLA) theory and language pedagogy and implications for future research efforts are put forward.
Umbilicity and characterization of Pansu spheres in the Heisenberg group
Authors: Cheng Jih-Hsin , Chiu Hung-Lin , Hwang Jenn-Fang , Yang Paul 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFor everyn≥2{n\geq 2}we define a notion of umbilicity for hypersurfaces in the Heisenberg groupHn{H_{n}}. We classify umbilic hypersurfaces in some cases, and prove that Pansu spheres are the only umbilic spheres with positive constantp-mean (or horizontal-mean) curvature inHn{H_{n}}up to Heisenberg translations.
The Effect of Plug-in Electric Vehicles on Harmonic Analysis of Smart Grid
Authors: Heidarian T. , Joorabian M. , Reza A. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
In this paper, the effect of plug-in electric vehicles is studied on the smart distribution system with a standard IEEE 30-bus network. At first, harmonic power flow analysis is performed by Newton-Raphson method and by considering distorted substation voltage. Afterward, proper sizes of capacitors is selected by cuckoo optimization algorithm to reduce the power losses and cost and by imposing acceptable limit for total harmonic distortion and RMS voltages. It is proposed that the impact of generated current harmonics by electric vehicle battery chargers should be factored into overall load control strategies of smart appliances. This study is generalized to the different hours of a day by using daily load curve, and then optimum time for charging of electric vehicles batteries in the parking lots are determined by cuckoo optimization algorithm. The results show that injecting harmonic currents of plug-in electric vehicles causes a drop in the voltage profile and increases power loss. Moreover, charging the vehicle batteries has more impact on increasing the power losses rather than the harmonic currents effect. Also, the findings showed that the current harmonics has a great influence on increasing of THD. Finally, optimum working times of all parking lots was obtained for the utilization cost reduction.
A Computational Methodology to Support Reimbursement Requests Analysis Concerning Electrical Damages
Authors: Almeida Junior Afonso Bernardino , Gondim Isaque Nogueira , Rezende Paulo Henrique Oliveira , Oliveira José Carlos 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
In light of the growing number of reimbursement requests processed from consumers for electrical damage to equipment, supposedly caused through the manifestation of anomalies on the power grid, there comes the need for reliable means for providing a decision on the issues highlighted herein. Through the recognition that in the current context, the procedures used are based on reviews, information and records of occurrences in the field, there has been significant inadequacy and fragility in the issuing of conclusive advice or opinions. In particular, the search for mechanisms grounded in classical principles and accepted in electrical engineering presents itself as an important challenge on which to base the decision making process in full awareness of its incumbent science and technology. Therefore, with the aim of meeting these assumptions, the study in question excels in its presentation of the principles that guided the software analysis, which intend above all else to correlate cause and effect. The elaborated strategy involves modelling stages as well as studies aimed at: distribution supply reproduction; characterization of the distribution network to the complainant consumer; representation of the diverse electro-electronic appliances and lastly, a proposal for correlating the disturbances impacting on equipment with their dielectric and thermal supportability requirements. For the purpose of illustrating the software process, an actual case study coupled with a loss and claim scenario is presented.
Raum in der Militärgeschichte und Gewaltgeschichte. Probleme, Ergebnisse und neue Felder der Forschung
Authors: Nübel Christoph 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
»Space in military history and the history of violence. Issues, results and new fields of research«. Whilst the history of violence already deals with spatial concepts, military history has largely omitted space as a means of study. This article shows that the concept of space is useful in creating new questions and findings in the field of military history. The article is an introduction into a spatial military history and history of violence. It deals with hermeneutic problems of a spatial approach with specific examples and discusses already existing studies on space and the military. Finally it suggests four conceptions of space which are appropriate to point out when dealing with the multi-faceted dimensions of space.
Kultureller Raum und Bewegungskrieg. Raumerfahrungen und Raumdeutungen zu Osteuropa in Selbstzeugnissen deutschsprachiger Kriegsteilnehmer der k.u.k. Armee
Authors: Dornik Wolfram 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Due to the permanent shift between mobile and trench warfare as well as conquest and occupation, the soldiers of the First World War in Eastern Europe were brought into more intense relationship to the surrounding space and the local population than on other theatres of war. This article focuses on cultural interpretation of space on the Eastern Front by German-speaking Austro-Hungarian soldiers. Using eleven diaries and unpublished memoirs of subaltern officers, non-commissioned officers and ordinary soldiers, it seeks to analyse the perceptions of cultural space, Kriegslandschaften (Kurt Lewin) and the image of the »East«. It is shown to what extent the specific war experience shaped the cultural images of the soldiers during the war, and which interpretations they offered in their writings.
Raumwahrnehmung und Raumpraktiken des deutschen Militärs im »Kampfraum Stadt« 1939–1942
Authors: Wettstein Adrian E. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Historical spatial theories have rarely been used in operational military history. However, they can offer a fertile approach to provide a theoretical framework in operational history. This article shows the potential use of spatial theories and spatial terms in operational history by analysing urban warfare and its perception in the German army during the Second World War. Taking the battle of Stalingrad as a case study, special emphasis is given to physical and social-organisational spatial concepts.
Preparation and characterization of biodegradable blends of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)
Authors: Zhang Min , Diao Xiaoqian , Jin Yujuan , Weng Yunxuan 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH) was blended with poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) by extrusion at different weight ratios (PHBH/PBAT: 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 20:80 and 0:100). Films were then prepared from the blends and characterized in terms of their morphological, rheological, mechanical and thermal properties. The morphological and rheological results indicated that PHBH/PBAT blends are immiscible but exhibit possible molecular interaction. The crystallization temperature of PHBH in the blends decreased, indicating that the addition of PBAT inhibited the crystallization of PHBH. Blending PBAT with PHBH improved the processability compared with that of pure polymers. The mechanical properties, including tensile strength, elongation at break and tear strength, increased with increasing PBAT content. The PHBH/PBAT 20:80 blend exhibited significantly improved mechanical properties, which was due to the reinforcing and toughening effect of the finely dispersed PHBH phase.