bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global transcriptome analysis of peripheral blood identifies the most significantly down‐regulated genes associated with metabolism regulation in Klinefelter syndrome
Authors: Huang Jin , Zhang Liang , Deng Hua , Chang Liang , Liu Qinli , Liu Ping 
Published: January 2015

SUMMARYThe molecular pathogenesis of Klinefelter Syndrome (KS) is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine differences in gene expression patterns between KS patients and control individuals to help identify disease‐related genes and biological pathways. Gene expression profiles of five KS patients and five healthy men were determined by microarray; 21 differentially expressed genes with a fold‐change >1.5 and q‐value <0.05 were identified between the groups. Genes associated with metabolism regulation and encoding liver fatty acid‐binding protein (FABP1), aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member L1 (ALDH1L1), and vitronectin (VTN) were the most‐significantly down‐regulated in KS, as confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Notably, none of these differentially expressed genes are normally found on the X chromosome. Thus, our results indicate that aberrant metabolism is involved in the pathogenesis of KS. Further elucidation of the how aberrant expression of metabolism‐related genes affect the pathogenesis of KS may lead to the development of novel preventative and therapeutic strategies. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 82: 17–25, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
CaMKII: do not work too hard in the failing heart
Authors: Liu Min , Li You , Chen Ruichuan 
Published: January 2015

AbstractCaMKIIδ, a calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase, plays pivotal roles in the development of heart disease. In this issue of The Journal of Pathology, Salma Awad and colleagues demonstrate that CaMKIIδ is engaged in both pathological hypertrophy and heart failure. By analysis of mouse and human heart samples, they found that the level of CaMKIIδ is increased in both pathological processes. Further studies demonstrated that CaMKIIδ mediates the phosphorylation of histone H3 at serine 10 (H3S10), which then tethers the chaperone protein 14‐3‐3 to promoter regions of fetal cardiac genes to activate their transcription. Combined with recent highlights on transcription regulation, this study revealed a fuzzy boundary between pathological hypertrophy and subsequent heart failure and indicates that current therapeutic strategies towards heart failure may have potential risks to patients. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improving inference of Gaussian mixtures using auxiliary variables
Authors: Mercatanti Andrea , Li Fan , Mealli Fabrizia 
Published: January 2015

AbstractExpanding a lower‐dimensional problem to a higher‐dimensional space and then projecting back is often beneficial. This article rigorously investigates this perspective in the context of finite mixture models, specifically how to improve inference for mixture models by using auxiliary variables. Despite the large literature in mixture models and several empirical examples, there is no previous work that gives general theoretical justification for including auxiliary variables in mixture models, even for special cases. We provide a theoretical basis for comparing inference for mixture multivariate models with the corresponding inference for marginal univariate mixture models. Analytical results for several special cases are established. We show that the probability of correctly allocating mixture memberships and the information number for the means of the primary outcome in a bivariate model with two Gaussian mixtures are generally larger than those in each univariate model. Simulations under a range of scenarios, including mis‐specified models, are conducted to examine the improvement. The method is illustrated by two real applications in ecology and causal inference.
Compatibilizing role of carbon nanotubes in poly(vinyl alcohol)/starch blend
Authors: Jose Jobin , De S. K , AlMa'adeed Mariam Al‐Ali , Dakua Jolly Bhadra , Sreekumar P. A , Sougrat Rachid , Al‐Harthi Mamdouh A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractPolymer nanocomposites based on poly(vinyl alcohol)/starch blend and carbon nanotubes (CNT) were prepared by solution mixing, followed by casting. Glycerol was used as a plasticizer and added in the starch dispersion. The uniform dispersion of CNT in water before mixing with PVA/starch blend, was achieved by using an Ultrasonicator probe. The composites were characterized by measurement of tensile properties, thermal analysis, FE‐SEM, TEM, XRD studies, and water uptake. It was observed that the decrease in tensile strength, modulus, and elongation at break on addition of starch into PVA can be arrested by incorporation of CNT. The strong physical bonding such as hydrogen bonding among the hydroxyl groups of polymer components and oxygen containing groups on CNT surface resulted in a more tortuous path for the water to follow, lowering of water uptake. Thermal analysis and spectroscopic images showed an increase in blend homogeneity in the presence of CNT.
Moving from Data Collection to Application: A Systematic Literature Review of Surgical Capacity Assessments and their Applications
Authors: Carlson Lucas C. , Lin Joseph A. , Ameh Emmanuel A. , Mulwafu Wakisa , Donkor Peter , Derbew Miliard , Rodas Edgar , Mkandawire Nyengo C. , Dhanaraj Mitra , Yangni‐Angate Herve , Sani Rachid , Labib Mohamed , Barbero Roxana , Clarke Damian , Smith Martin D. , Sherman Lawrence , Mutyaba Frederick A. , Alexander Philip , Hadley Larry G. P. , VanRooyen Michael J. , Kushner Adam L. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBackgroundOver the past decade, assessments of surgical capacity in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) have contributed to our understanding of barriers to the delivery of surgical services in a number of countries. It is yet unclear, however, how the findings of these assessments have been applied and built upon within the published literature.MethodsA systematic literature review of surgical capacity assessments in LMICs was performed to evaluate current levels of understanding of global surgical capacity and to identify areas for future study. A reverse snowballing method was then used to follow‐up citations of the identified studies to assess how this research has been applied and built upon in the literature.ResultsTwenty‐one papers reporting the findings of surgical capacity assessments conducted in 17 different LMICs in South Asia, East Asia and Pacific, Latin America and the Caribbean, and sub‐Saharan Africa were identified. These studies documented substantial deficits in human resources, infrastructure, equipment, and supplies. Only seven additional papers were identified which applied or built upon the studies. Among these, capacity assessment findings were most commonly used to develop novel tools and intervention strategies, but they were also used as baseline measurements against which updated capacity assessments were compared.ConclusionsWhile the global surgery community has made tremendous progress in establishing baseline values of surgical capacity in LMICs around the world, further work is necessary to build upon and apply the foundational knowledge established through these efforts. Capacity assessment data should be coordinated and used in ongoing research efforts to monitor and evaluate progress in global surgery and to develop targeted intervention strategies. Intervention strategy development may also be further incorporated into the evaluation process itself.
Factors Associated with Uptake of Genetics Services for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Khouzam Amirah , Kwan Andrea , Baxter Samantha , Bernstein Jonathan A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common cardiovascular disorder with variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance. Clinical guidelines recommend consultation with a genetics professional as part of an initial assessment for HCM, yet there remains an underutilization of genetics services. We conducted a study to assess factors associated with this underutilization within the framework of the Health Belief Model (HBM). An online survey was completed by 306 affected individuals and at risk family members. Thirty‐seven percent of individuals (113/306) had visited a genetics professional for reasons related to HCM. Genetic testing was performed on 53 % (162/306). Individuals who had undergone testing were more likely to have seen a genetics professional (p < 0.001), had relatives with an HCM diagnosis (p = 0.002), and have a known familial mutation (p < 0.001). They were also more likely to agree that genetic testing would satisfy their curiosity (p < 0.001), provide reassurance (p < 0.001), aid family members in making healthcare decisions (p < 0.001), and encourage them to engage in a healthier lifestyle (p = 0.002). The HBM components of cues to action and perceived benefits and barriers had the greatest impact on uptake of genetic testing. In order to ensure optimal counseling and care for individuals and families with HCM, awareness and education around HCM and genetic services should be promoted in both physicians and patients alike.
Discovery of a Kimberlite Pipe near Budikonda, Dharwar Craton, South India: Field Approaches, Preliminary Petrography and Mineral Chemistry
Authors: Mukherjee Abhijeet , Jha Suyash , Babu E.V.S.S.K. , Verma C.B. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract:
Multi-parametric and systematic exploration for kimberlite search was made in the vicinity of the Kalyandurg area within the Closepet granite, Dharwar craton, south India involving Remote Sensing and Airborne Geophysical Surveys (100 and 200 m spacing; 60 m AGL), Stream Sediment Sampling as well as Electron Probe analysis of heavy indicator minerals. The bipolar aeromagnetic anomaly (pronounced by high-low pair) falls in the positive drainage catchment delineated by stream sediment sampling. Subsequent drilling by a private party over the suspected anomalous zone resulted in the discovery of kimberlite. This is being reported here as the KL-7 kimberlite of the Kalyandurg cluster. Petrographically, the kimberlite shows typical porphyritic texture with macrocrystal olivine grains (∼ 500-4500 µm) set in a groundmass composed of abundant phlogopite, perovskite and microcrystal olivine and clinopyroxene. Xenocrystic chromite grains were also observed. Preliminary studies on the mineral chemistry indicates that the olivine grains are foresterite-rich (Fo = 88-92) with an average MgO wt. % of 49.61. Groundmass phlogopites are of kimberlitic affinity with high Mg# (Mg/Mg+Fe2+) ranging between 0.88 and 0.91. The Cr-spinel macrocrysts with high Cr2O3(&gt; 62 wt. %) are considered to have formed from a primary garnet-peridotite-derived melt. The ilmenites have 8 to 12 wt % MgO and indicate kimberlitic affinity. Based on the current discovery, a suitable investigation strategy is also being suggested here for future kimberlite exploration in the area within the Closepet granite of the Dharwar craton, South India.
Delineation of Extension of Uranium Mineralization Zone using Resistivity and Very Low Frequency Electromagnetic Surveys around South Purulia Shear Zone, India
Authors: Sharma S.P. , Biswas Arkoprovo , Mittal Saurabh 
Published: January 2015

Abstract:
During a random radiometric survey, nuclear radiation was detected near exposed rocks in an open-pit phosphatemine at Beldih (Purulia, W.B.), India. Radiometric analysis of rock samples reveals a significant concentration of uranium. Geological study suggests that Beldih phosphate mine lies near the South Purulia Shear Zone (SPSZ). Shear zones in the region are E-W striking elongated zone and associated with uranium mineralization (famous Singhbhum shear zone for several uranium mines). Electrical resistivity (profiling and sounding) and Very Low Frequency (VLF) electromagnetic surveys were performed around Beldih mine to delineate the suitable conducting zones which may be associated with uranium mineralization. Significant lateral extension of possible source is delineated; it could be exploited later on a large scale for commercial utilization. It is observed that gradient resistivity profiling (GRP) survey is the most suitable technique to explore the nearly vertical conducting structure. The GRP measurements were carried out at different locations. A good correlation of low resistive zones on various GRP was observed from the measured data. The study concludes that subsurface structures are nearly vertical and have alternate resistive and conducting bands. An inclined bore-hole drilled confirms the presence of alternate resistive and conducting structures and uranium mineralization is detected in conducting bands. This suggests that GRP can be conducted for precise location of the target zone. This will help in planning bore holes for drilling to find the exact thickness, lateral and vertical extent of the deposit for commercial utilization. VLF measurements were also carried out along various profiles. Even though VLF observation was quite noisy due to presence of power lines in the area; this method can be used to map the area and model the data for actual sub-surface conducting zones in less noisy areas as a support for drilling works.
Structures, Petrography and Geochemistry of Deccan Basalts at Anantagiri Hills, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Kaotekwar Archana B. , Meshram Rajkumar R. , Sathyanarayanan M. , Krishna A. Keshav , Charan S. N. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract:
The Deccan basalts of Anantagiri hills near Vikarabad are characterized by the occurrence of a complete and continuous sequence of colonnade structures below the laterites. These structures have enabled division of flow units 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 from the bottom upwards, into three well defined zones – Lower Colonnade Zone (LCZ); Middle Entablature Zone (MEZ) and Upper Colonnade Zone (UCZ) underlying a 5-10 m thick laterite cover. These fine to medium grained basalts composed of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, ± olivine, Ti-magnetite, ilmenite, glass, cholorophaeite and zeolites commonly show intersertal, glomeroporphyritic and rare sub-ophitic and porphyritic textures. On the A-F-M ternary plot these basalts plot in the iron rich tholeiitic field. REE plots of these rocks define patterns with mild LREE enrichment and negative Eu anomaly. Their primitive mantle normalized multi-element patterns show mild positive LREE coupled with slight LILE depletion, positive Ba, Ta and Pb peaks. The TiO2/Yb vs Nb/Yb ratios in these tholeiites suggest a slightly enriched source with an MORB affinity. The major and trace element signatures of these tholeiitic basalts occurring at Anantagiri hills and the adjacent low lying areas in south-eastern Deccan Volcanic Province, have broad affinities with the basalts of Ambenali Formation with an overlap on basalts of Poladpur Formation, though with minor variations suggesting geochemical similarity with these two type area basalt formations.
Flow Unit Characterization: Key to Delineating Reservoir Performance in “Aqua-field”, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Mode Ayonma W. , Anyiam Okwudiri A. , Onwuchekwa Chidiebere N. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract:
This study presents a cost effective and quantitative method for the characterization of flow units and prediction of hydrocarbon recovery of the reservoirs in wells D and E, “Aqua field”, Niger Delta. It involves petrophysical evaluation of well log data in order to obtain porosity and permeability values which were useful in identifying and characterizing flow units with the help of the Stratigraphic Modified Lorenz Plot (SMLP). This plot was then used to identify the number of flow units, key flow unit characteristics and anticipated production performance of the hydrocarbon bearing reservoir and the data subjected into a numerical simulator that allows better resolution characteristics of the well. The D-1 reservoir interval has five flow units, which comprise both speed zones and baffle intervals. Reservoirs E-1 to E-4 also have a total of 21 flow units. High values of flow unit speed and high angle flow capacity inflexion indicate speed zones which are prone to sharp decline, while baffles of low value flow unit speed and low angle flow capacity show shallow to steady production decline with time. A better understanding of the fluid flow variations within the reservoir intervals helps in the accurate design of reservoir simulation model for effective hydrocarbon recovery and management.
Prospective associations between loneliness and emotional intelligence
Authors: Wols A. , Scholte R.H.J. , Qualter P. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTLoneliness has been linked cross‐sectionally to emotional skill deficits (e.g., Zysberg, 2012), but missing from the literature is a longitudinal examination of these relationships. The present study fills that gap by examining the prospective relationships between loneliness and emotional functioning in young adolescents in England. One hundred and ninety‐six adolescents aged 11–13 years (90 females) took part in the study and completed the youth version of the Mayer‐Salovey‐Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT‐YV) and the peer‐related subscale of the Loneliness and Aloneness Scale for Children and Adolescents (LACA) at two time points, which were 10 months apart. Prospective associations were obtained for male and female adolescents separately using cross‐lagged statistical techniques. Our results showed prospective links between understanding and managing emotions and loneliness for both females and males. Perceiving and using emotions were prospectively linked to loneliness in males only. Possible explanations and directions for future research are discussed.
The Ebola Threat: China’s Response to the West African Epidemic and National Development of Prevention and Control Policies and Infrastructure
Authors: Fan Hao-Jun , Gao Hong-Wei , Ding Hui , Zhang Bi-Ke , Hou Shi-Ke 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThere is growing concern in West Africa about the spread of the Ebola hemorrhagic fever virus. With the increasing global public health risk, a coordinated international response is necessary. The Chinese government is prepared to work in collaboration with West African countries to assist in the containment and control of the epidemic through the contribution of medical expertise and mobile laboratory testing teams. Nationally, China is implementing prevention programs in major cities and provinces, the distribution of Ebola test kits, and the deployment of a new national Ebola research laboratory. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;0:1-2)
Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for psycho-oncology patients: an exploratory study
Authors: Kingston T. , Collier S. , Hevey D. , McCormick M. M. , Besani C. , Cooney J. , O’Dwyer A. M. 
Published: January 2015

ObjectivesMindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is a group-based intervention similar to mindfulness-based stress reduction, but which includes cognitive therapy techniques. This study investigates its usefulness in the treatment of depressive, anxiety and stress/distress symptoms in cancer patients referred to a psycho-oncology service. It also examines whether effect on depression is mediated by self-compassion.MethodIn phase 1 of this study, 16 cancer patients with mild/moderate psychological distress were randomised to MBCT (n=8) or treatment as usual (TAU;n=8), and assessed pre- and post-treatment. Analysis of variance was performed to examine the effect of treatment on anxiety and depression. In phase 2, the TAU group received the intervention, and results of pre- and post-MBCT assessments were combined with those receiving MBCT in phase 1. Finally, both groups were followed up at 3 months.ResultsIn phase 1, the MBCT group had a significant improvement in mindfulness and a decrease in anxiety. Statistically significant improvements in both depression and anxiety were found at 3 month follow-up. Self-compassion appeared to mediate the effect on anxiety/depression.ConclusionThis small pilot study suggests that MBCT may have a beneficial effect on psychological variables often adversely affected in cancer in a heterogeneous cancer population.
Insulin resistance and white adipose tissue inflammation are uncoupled in energetically challenged Fsp27-deficient mice
Authors: Zhou Linkang , Park Shi-Young , Xu Li , Xia Xiayu , Ye Jing , Su Lu , Jeong Kyeong-Hoon , Hur Jang Ho , Oh Hyunhee , Tamori Yoshikazu , Zingaretti Cristina M. , Cinti Saverio , Argente Jesús , Yu Miao , Wu Lizhen , Ju Shenghong , Guan Feifei , Yang Hongyuan , Choi Cheol Soo , Savage David B. , Li Peng 
Published: January 2015

AbstractFsp27 is a lipid droplet-associated protein almost exclusively expressed in adipocytes where it facilitates unilocular lipid droplet formation. In mice, Fsp27 deficiency is associated with increased basal lipolysis, ‘browning’ of white fat and a healthy metabolic profile, whereas a patient with congenital CIDEC deficiency manifested an adverse lipodystrophic phenotype. Here we reconcile these data by showing that exposing Fsp27-null mice to a substantial energetic stress by crossing them with ob/ob mice or BATless mice, or feeding them a high-fat diet, results in hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance. We also observe a striking reduction in adipose inflammation and increase in adiponectin levels in all three models. This appears to reflect reduced activation of the inflammasome and less adipocyte death. These findings highlight the importance of Fsp27 in facilitating optimal energy storage in adipocytes and represent a rare example where adipose inflammation and hepatic insulin resistance are disassociated.
A proposal for the experimental detection of CSL induced random walk
Authors: Bera Sayantani , Motwani Bhawna , Singh Tejinder P. , Ulbricht Hendrik 
Published: January 2015

AbstractContinuous Spontaneous Localization (CSL) is one possible explanation for dynamically induced collapse of the wave-function during a quantum measurement. The collapse is mediated by a stochastic non-linear modification of the Schrödinger equation. A consequence of the CSL mechanism is an extremely tiny violation of energy-momentum conservation, which can, in principle, be detected in the laboratory via the random diffusion of a particle induced by the stochastic collapse mechanism. In a paper in 2003, Collett and Pearle investigated the translational CSL diffusion of a sphere and the rotational CSL diffusion of a disc and showed that this effect dominates over the ambient environmental noise at low temperatures and extremely low pressures (about ten-thousandth of a pico-Torr). In the present paper, we revisit their analysis and argue that this stringent condition on pressure can be relaxed and that the CSL effect can be seen at the pressure of about a pico-Torr. A similar analysis is provided for diffusion produced by gravity-induced decoherence, where the effect is typically much weaker than CSL. We also discuss the CSL induced random displacement of a quantum oscillator. Lastly, we propose possible experimental set-ups justifying that CSL diffusion is indeed measurable with the current technology.