bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Shape‐Controlled Synthesis of LiMnPO4 Porous Nanowires.
Authors: Pei Zhenzhao , Zhang Xia , Gao Xiang 
Published: March 2013

AbstractLiMnPO4 porous nanowires are prepared from solutions of MnSO4, H3PO4, and LiOH in a mixture of glycol and water (autoclave, 140 °C, 10 h).
Evaluation of the CHADS2 Risk Score on Short‐ and Long‐Term All‐Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality After Syncope
Authors: Ruwald Martin Huth , Ruwald Anne‐Christine , Jons Christian , Lamberts Morten , Hansen Morten Lock , Vinther Michael , Køber Lars , Torp‐Pedersen Christian , Hansen Jim , Gislason Gunnar Hilmar 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundSyncope risk stratification is difficult and has not been implemented clinically.HypothesisThe CHADS2 score can be applied as a risk stratification tool for predicting mortality after an episode of syncope.MethodsAll patients discharged from emergency departments with a first‐time diagnosis of syncope from 2001 to 2009 where identified from nationwide registers in Denmark and matched on sex and age with a control population. Risk of all‐cause or cardiovascular death was analyzed by multivariable Cox models.ResultsA total of 37 705 patients were included. There were a total of 7761 deaths (21%), of which 52% were cardiovascular vs 27 862 (15%) deaths in the control population. The risk of cardiovascular death was significantly increased with increasing CHADS2 score (CHADS2 score: 1–2, hazard ratio [HR]: 9.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.25‐10.07; CHADS2 score: 3–4, HR: 17.32, 95% CI: 15.42‐19.47; CHADS2 score: 5–6, HR: 26.66, 95% CI: 21.40‐33.21) relative to CHADS2 score of 0. A CHADS2 score of 0 was associated overall with very low event rates (15.1 deaths per 1000 person‐years) but was associated with increased relative risk in the syncope population compared to controls. Syncope predicted 1‐week, 1‐year, and long‐term mortality across CHADS2 scores compared to controls but did not reach significance in CHADS2 scores of 5 to 6.ConclusionsIncreasing CHADS2 score significantly predicts mortality in patients discharged with a diagnosis of syncope, and a CHADS2 score of 0 was associated with a very low absolute mortality. Compared to controls, syncope was associated with increased short‐ and long‐term mortality, particularly in the lower CHADS2 scores.
Sildenafil and Diastolic Dysfunction After Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial: Rationale and Design
Authors: Andersen Mads J. , Gustafsson Finn , Hassager Christian , Køber Lars , Møller Jacob E. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAimsDiastolic dysfunction following myocardial infarction is an important predictor of outcome, irrespective of left ventricular systolic function. Previous studies suggest that phosphordiesterase‐5 inhibition has a favorable effect on the myocardium as well as on the pulmonary and systemic vasculature.MethodsPatients ≥50 years old with recent myocardial infarction, preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (≥45%), and echocardiographic evidence of diastolic dysfunction (ratio between early [E] transmitral filling velocity and early diastolic tissue Doppler velocity [e′] ≥8 and left atrial volume ≥34 mL/m2) will be double‐blindly randomized 1:1 to receive 9 weeks of treatment with 40 mg sildenafil, 3 times per day, or comparable placebo. Before randomization and after 9 weeks of treatment, resting Doppler echocardiography, resting right heart catheterization, and symptom‐limited supine cycle exercise testing with simultaneous echocardiography and right heart catheterization will be performed. The primary end point is filling pressure at rest and at peak exercise.StatisticsWith a power of 80% and a significance level of .05, a study group of 60 patients is needed to detect a 15% reduction at peak exercise, which is considered clinically relevant. To account for dropouts and noncompliance, 70 patients will be enrolled in the study.ConclusionsIn addition to determining if sildenafil can reduce filling pressure at rest and at peak exercise, the Sildenafil and Diastolic Dysfunction After Acute Myocardial Infarction trial will provide additional hemodynamic information to help phenotypically classify this growing population of patients with diastolic dysfunction and preserved ejection fraction following myocardial infarction.
Human disturbance and stage‐specific habitat requirements influence snowy plover site occupancy during the breeding season
Authors: Webber Alyson F. , Heath Julie A. , Fischer Richard A. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractHabitat use has important consequences for avian reproductive success and survival. In coastal areas with recreational activity, human disturbance may limit use of otherwise suitable habitat. Snowy plovers Charadrius nivosus have a patchy breeding distribution along the coastal areas on the Florida Panhandle, USA. Our goal was to determine the relative effects of seasonal human disturbance and habitat requirements on snowy plover habitat use. We surveyed 303 sites for snowy plovers, human disturbance, and habitat features between January and July 2009 and 2010. We made multiple visits during three different sampling periods that corresponded to snowy plover breeding: pre‐breeding, incubation, and brood‐rearing and used multi‐season occupancy models to examine whether human disturbance, habitat features, or both influenced site occupancy, colonization (probability of transition from an unoccupied site to an occupied site), and extinction (probability of transition from an occupied site to an unoccupied site). Snowy plover site occupancy and colonization was negatively associated with human disturbance and site extinction was positively associated with human disturbance. Interdune vegetation had a negative effect on occupancy and colonization, indicating that plovers were less likely to use areas with uniform, dense vegetation among dunes. Also, dune shape, beach debris, and access to low‐energy foraging areas influenced site occupancy, colonization, and extinction. Plovers used habitat based on beach characteristics that provided stage‐specific resource needs; however, human disturbance was the strongest predictor of site occupancy. In addition, vegetation plantings used to enhance dune rehabilitation may negatively impact plover site occupancy. Management actions that decrease human disturbance, such as symbolic fencing and signage, may increase the amount of breeding habitat available to snowy plovers on the Florida Panhandle and in other areas with high human activity. The specific areas that require this protection may vary across snowy plover life history stages.
Two Members of the {X4Nb16O56} Family (X = Ge, Si) Based on [(GeOH)2Ge2Nb16H2O54]12– and [K(GeOH)2Ge2Nb16H3O54]10–
Authors: Zhang Xin , Liu Shu‐Xia , Li Shu‐Jun , Gao Yu‐Huan , Wang Xue‐Na , Tang Qun , Liu Yi‐Wei 
Published: March 2013

AbstractTwo new heteropolyniobate compounds, (C2N2H10)6[(GeOH)2Ge2Nb16H2O54]·25H2O (1) and [Cu(en)2(H2O)2]5K10[K(GeOH)2Ge2Nb16H3O54]2·38H2O (2, en = ethylenediamine), have been prepared under hydrothermal–conventional combination conditions and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, powder and single‐crystal XRD, diffuse reflection spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. Compounds 1 and 2 are based on [(GeOH)2Ge2Nb16H2O54]12– and [K(GeOH)2Ge2Nb16H3O54]10– building blocks, respectively. Compound 1 represents the initially isolated Nb/Ge lacunary derivative and compound 2 exhibits 1D ladderlike chains. The photoluminescence properties and electrochemical properties of compounds 1 and 2 have been investigated.
Water flux and sediment transport within a forested landscape: the role of connectivity, subsurface flow, and slope length scale on transport mechanism
Authors: Ghahramani Afshin , Ishikawa Yoshiharu 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe connectivity and upscaling of overland runoff and sediment transport are important issues in hillslope hydrology to identify water flux and sediment transport within landscape. These processes are highly variable in time and space with regard to their interactions with vegetation and soil surface conditions. The generation of overland runoff and its spatial connectivity were examined along a slope to determine the variations in the transport mechanism of runoff and soil particles by rain splash and overland runoff. Field experiments were conducted by erosion plots on a steep hillslope at lengths of 5, 10, and 15 m. The overland runoff connectivity and flow transport distance decreased with the slope length, while spatial variability of infiltration increased significantly with the slope length. Observation of subsurface flow revealed that surface soil and litter layer could have important role in water transport. However, the surface soil water content and water flux transport along the slope was highly variable for different storm events; the variability was related to the complexity of the system, mainly by way of the initial wetness conditions and infiltration characteristics. Only net rain‐splashed soil was measurable, but examination of the water flux, overland runoff and sediment transport connectivity, characteristics of sheetwash, and the variability in spatial infiltration indicated an increase in the contribution of the rain splash transport mechanism along the slope. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sea‐surface hydrographical conditions off South Faeroes and within the North‐Eastern North Atlantic through MIS 2: the response of dinocysts
Authors: CAULLE CLÉMENCE , PENAUD AURÉLIE , EYNAUD FRÉDÉRIQUE , ZARAGOSI SÉBASTIEN , ROCHE DIDIER M. , MICHEL ELIZABETH , BOULAY SÉBASTIEN , RICHTER THOMAS 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTThe last glacial period, showing the progressive development of large boreal ice sheets, was punctuated by large climatic excursions. These excursions were triggered mainly by atmosphere–ocean–ice coupled dynamics and are thus exemplary case studies of natural climate variability. To characterize the sea‐surface palaeohydrographical changes accompanying these oscillations along the European margin, we have integrated new palynological data (dinocysts) acquired on core MD99‐2281 (60°N, Faeroe Margin) during Marine Isotope Stage 2 in a latitudinal transect including published cores MD95‐2002 (47°N, Celtic Margin) and MD95‐2010 (66°N, Vöring Plateau). This transect is superimposed on the modern North Atlantic Drift pathway, but also at the outskirts of glacial European ice sheets, thus ideally located to track sea‐ice extent and ice‐sheet instabilities through time. The results show a coherent and sensitive response of sea‐surface environments to the complex chain of abrupt events that punctuated the end of the last glacial period. The Last Glacial Maximum was marked by large seasonal contrasts of temperatures, whereas Heinrich events (HE) were characterized by a sharp cooling and sea‐ice development. A tripartite structure is identified within HE1, with indices of melting at 19k cal a BP, followed by a temperate phase synchronous of a relative stability of ice sheets, and a terminal phase (17.5–15k cal a BP) characteristic of the ‘conventional Laurentian’ HE1. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Positive and negative impacts of specialty malts on beer foam: a comparison of various cereal products for their foaming properties
Authors: Combe Alexander L , Ang Justin K , Bamforth Charles W 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe foam stability of beer is dependent on the presence of foam‐stabilizing polypeptides derived from the cereals from which it is made. It has long been argued that there is a tendency to boost the foam‐stabilizing capabilities of these polypeptides at the heating stages involved in the production of the grist materials. The present study started with the intent to confirm whether these changes occurred and to assess the extent to which different cereal products differed in their foam‐stabilizing tendencies.ResultsCereal products differ enormously in their foam‐stabilizing capabilities. Heavily roasted grains, notably black malt and roast barley, do have superior foaming properties. However, certain specialty malts, notably crystal malts, display inferior foam performance. The observed foaming pattern is a balance between their content of foam‐positive and foam‐negative components. Products such as pale malt do contain foam‐negative materials but have a net balance in favour of foam‐stabilizing entities. By contrast, wheat malt and especially black malt have a heavy preponderance of foam‐positive components. Crystal malt displays the converse behaviour: it contains low‐molecular‐weight foam‐negative species. Several of the cereal products appear to contain higher‐molecular‐weight foam inhibitors, but it appears that they are merely species that are of inherently inferior foam‐stabilizing capability to the foaming polypeptides from egg white that were employed to probe the system. The foam‐damaging species derived from crystal malt carried through to beers brewed from them.ConclusionIntense heating in the production of cereal products does lead to enhanced foam performance in extracts of those products. However, not all speciality malts display superior foam performance, through their development of foam‐negative species of lower molecular weight. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
An assessment of feeding jejunostomy tube placement at the time of resection for gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Patel Sameer H. , Kooby David A. , Staley Charles A. , Maithel Shishir K. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundFeeding jejunostomy tubes (J‐tube) are often placed during gastrectomy for cancer to decrease malnutrition and promote delivery of adjuvant therapy. We hypothesized that J‐tubes actually are associated with increased complications and do not improve nutritional status nor increase rates of adjuvant therapy.MethodsOne hundred thirty‐two patients were identified from a prospectively maintained database that underwent gastric resection for gastric adenocarcinoma between 1/00 and 3/11 at one institution. Pre‐ and postoperative nutritional status and relevant intraoperative and postoperative parameters were examined.ResultsMedian age was 64 years (range 23–85). Forty‐six (35%) underwent a total and 86 (65%) a subtotal gastrectomy. J‐tubes were placed in 66 (50%) patients, 34 of whom underwent a subtotal and 32 a total gastrectomy. Preoperative nutritional status was similar between J‐tube and no J‐tube groups as measured by serum albumin (3.5 vs. 3.4 g/dL). Tumor grade, T, N, and overall stage were similar between groups. J‐tube placement was associated with increased postop complications (59% vs. 41%, P = 0.04) and infectious complications (36% vs. 17%, P = 0.01), of which majority were surgical site infections. J‐tubes were associated with prolonged length of stay (13 vs. 11 days; P = 0.05). There was no difference in postoperative nutritional status as measured by 30, 60, and 90‐day albumin levels and the rate of receiving adjuvant therapy was similar between groups (J‐tube: 61%, no J‐tube: 53%, P = 0.38). Multivariate analyses revealed J‐tubes to be associated with increased postop complications (HR: 4.8; 95% CI: 1.3–17.7; P = 0.02), even when accounting for tumor stage and operative difficulty and extent. Subset analysis revealed J‐tubes to have less associated morbidity after total gastrectomy.ConclusionJ‐tube placement after gastrectomy for gastric cancer may be associated with increased postoperative complications with no demonstrable advantage in receiving adjuvant therapy. Routine use of J‐tubes after subtotal gastrectomy may not be justified, but may be selectively indicated in patients undergoing total gastrectomy. A prospective trial is needed to validate these results. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:728–734. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Effect of Trazodone on Standardized Field Sobriety Tests
Authors: Ip Eric J. , Bui Quang V. , Barnett Mitchell J. , Kazani Amin , Wright Roger , Serino Melissa J. , Perry Paul J. 
Published: March 2013

Study ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of a single dose of trazodone on the standardized field sobriety test (SFST).DesignA randomized, double‐blinded, repeated‐measures study.ParticipantsForty‐five healthy adult subjects.SettingUniversity campus.Measurements and Main ResultsThe SFST consists of the horizontal gaze nystagmus, walk‐and‐turn, and one‐leg stand tests. Subjects were administered a baseline SFST and at 2 hours after the administration of either trazodone 100 mg (30 subjects) or acetaminophen 650 mg (15 subjects). At 2 hours post drug administration, there were no statistical differences in failure rates between the trazodone and acetaminophen groups (53.3% vs 20.0%, p=0.054). However, the trazodone group exhibited more impairment clues within the individual tests of the SFST than the acetaminophen group.ConclusionsA one‐time dose of trazodone 100 mg does not result in an increased SFST failure rate at 2 hours postdosing compared to acetaminophen 650 mg. However, the number of individual impairment clues detected is increased with trazodone. Trazodone 100 mg may cause cognitive driving impairment.
Asthma Drugs and the Risk of Congenital Anomalies
Authors: Vasilakis‐Scaramozza Catherine , Aschengrau Ann , Cabral Howard J. , Jick Susan S. 
Published: March 2013

Study ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of congenital anomalies between the offspring of women exposed and unexposed to asthma drugs during early pregnancy.DesignMatched cohort study.DatabaseThe United Kingdom's General Practice Research Database.PatientsWomen exposed to asthma drugs during early pregnancy and a sample of matched unexposed pregnant women.Measurements and Main ResultsThe prevalence of any anomaly among unexposed and exposed women was 27.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.4–30.6)/1000 pregnancies and 31.3 (95% CI 27.7–35.5)/1000 pregnancies, respectively (relative risk [RR] 1.1 95% CI 1.0–1.3).ConclusionOur findings suggest that asthma drugs, overall, do not increase the risk of congenital anomalies in the offspring when taken during the first trimester of pregnancy.
Die Stärke der Stärke
Authors: Vilgis Thomas 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn den meisten Fällen werden Emulgatoren genutzt, um Wasser‐Öl‐Gemische zu stabilen Emulsionen herzustellen. Allerdings können dazu auch kleine Feststoffpartikel dienen. Derartige Emulsionen werden nach ihrem Entdecker Spencer Pickering benannt. In der Küche lässt sich dieser Effekt nutzen. Stärkekörner stabilisieren Öl‐in‐Wasser‐Emulsionen. Mehr noch, nach dem Erwärmen verkleistert die Stärke, die Emulsion wird schnittfest.
Beschleunigungen messen mit SPARKvue
Authors: Kuhn Jochen , Vogt Patrik , Wilhelm Thomas , Lück Stephan 
Published: March 2013

AbstractDie App SPARKvue arbeitet mit dem in iPhone, iPod touch oder iPad befindlichen Beschleunigungssensor. Zudem können auch weitere externe Sensoren ausgelesen werden, welche die Firma Pasco vertreibt und die über Bluetooth ihre Sensordaten an das Mobilgerät senden.
Snag distributions in relation to human access in ponderosa pine forests
Authors: Hollenbeck Jeff P. , Bate Lisa J. , Saab Victoria A. , Lehmkuhl John F. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPonderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests in western North America provide habitat for numerous cavity‐using wildlife species that often select large‐diameter snags for nesting and roosting. Yet large snags are often removed for their commercial and firewood values. Consequently we evaluated effects of human access on snag densities and diameter‐class distributions at nine locations in ponderosa pine forests throughout the interior western United States. We found no relationship between small‐diameter (23–50 cm diam breast ht [dbh]) snags and human access measures (i.e., road density, distance to nearest town, and topography). However, large‐snag (≥50 cm dbh) density was best predicted by road density, which suggested a decline, on average, of 0.7 large snags/ha for every km of road/km2. Most locations had relatively high densities of small‐diameter snags (<23 cm dbh) and diminishing density as diameter class increased. Idaho and Colorado study locations had higher snag densities in the largest diameter classes compared with remaining locations. These locations experienced minimal commercial timber harvest, were situated far from towns, and had few or no roads. Persistence of large‐diameter snags and adequate snag densities for wildlife requires consideration of human access characteristics at coarse spatial scales. Snag management guidelines may need to incorporate these measures and focus more on retention of large‐diameter snags than minimum density targets. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Surgical Resection Versus Conformal Radiotherapy Combined With TACE for Resectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus: A Comparative Study
Authors: Tang Qing‐he , Li Ai‐jun , Yang Guang‐ming , Lai Eric C.H. , Zhou Wei‐ping , Jiang Zhi‐hao , Lau Wan Yee , Wu Meng‐chao 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare the results of surgical resection with three‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D‐CRT) in the treatment of resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT). Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) was given to both groups of patients when possible.MethodsA retrospective study of 371 patients with resectable HCC with PVTT was conducted in two tertiary referral centers. The treatment of choice for these patients in one center was surgical resection. In the other center it was 3D‐CRT. In the radiotherapy group (RG, n = 185), patients received 3D‐CRT to the tumor and PVTT for a total radiation dose of 30–52 Gy (median 40 Gy). In the surgical group (SG, n = 186), patients underwent surgical resection. TACE was applied after surgery or 3D‐CRT and then was repeated every 4–6 weeks if the patient tolerated the treatment.ResultsThe median survival was 12.3 months for RG and 10.0 months for SG. The 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐year overall survivals were 51.6, 28.4, and 19.9 %, respectively, for RG and 40.1, 17.0, and 13.6 %, respectively, for SG (p = 0.029). Stepwise multivariate analysis showed that the extent of PVTT and mode of treatment were independent risk factors of overall survival. The most common cause of death after treatment was liver failure as a consequence of progressive intrahepatic disease.Conclusions3D‐CRT gave better survival than surgical resection for HCC with PVTT.