bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aufkommende Suizidgedanken einer bipolaren Patientin nach Einnahme
von Pregabalin: ein Fallbericht
Authors: Wagner Christine , Montecino Augusto 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungDie bipolare Störung ist eine schwere psychische Erkrankung, die häufig mit
Komorbiditäten wie Angst oder Alkoholabhängigkeit vergesellschaftet ist. Somit
könnte der Einsatz von Pregabalin vielversprechend sein. Wir präsentieren den
Fallbericht einer 37jährigen Frau mit einer Bipolar II Störung während einer
depressiven Episode begleitet von Angstsymptomen und zunehmendem Alkoholkonsum.
Die medikamentöse Behandlung bestand aus einer Monotherapie mit Quetiapin. Nach
einigen Tagen mit zusätzlicher Gabe von Pregabalin beobachteten wir zunehmende
Suizidgedanken sowie selbstverletzendes Verhalten, obwohl die Angstsymptome und
der Alkoholkonsum rückläufig waren. Wir beendeten die Therapie mit Pregabalin
und erhöhten die Dosis von Quetiapin, hierauf verschwand das suizidale Verhalten
fast vollständig. Ein Blick in die Literatur zeigt noch Uneinigkeit. Einerseits
wird Pregabalin als sicheres und gut toleriertes Medikament beschrieben und
andererseits bestehen Bedenken hinsichtlich suizidaler Effekte antikonvulsiver
Medikamente. Schlussfolgernd empfehlen wir den vorsichtigen Einsatz von
Pregabalin sowie weiterer antikonvulsiver Medikamente bei Patienten mit
affektiven Störung. Pregabalin könnte einen positiven Effekt auf die
Komorbiditäten haben, der Effekt auf die Stimmung verbleibt jedoch noch unklar.
TELEMEdizinisches moNiTORing für COPD-Patienten (Telementor COPD): Studienprotokoll einer multizentrischen, randomisierten, kontrollierten Studie
Authors: Püschner Franziska , Schiller Juliane , Urbanski-Rini Dominika , Scholl Katharina , Bock Anni , Jandl Margret , Thanhäuser Andreas , Zils Lale , Junker Erwin , Rabe Klaus , Watz Henrik 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die chronisch obstruktive Lungenerkrankung (COPD) gehört zu den häufigsten Todesursachen in Europa und geht mit einer hohen Exazerbations- und Hospitalisierungsrate sowie hohen Krankheitskosten einher. Ziel der Studie ist es, durch eine optimierte ambulante Versorgung Exazerbationen frühzeitig zu erkennen, präventiv einzugreifen und Rehospitalisierungen zu vermeiden.

Methoden und Intervention Telementor COPD ist eine prospektive, multizentrische, unverblindete, randomisierte, kontrollierte Studie mit einer Studiendauer von 12 Monaten, umgesetzt an 7 Kliniken und 16 pneumologischen Praxen in Hamburg und Schleswig-Holstein. Sie wird durch den Innovationsfonds gefördert (01NVF20008) und ist im Deutschen Register Klinischer Studien registriert (Studien-ID: DRKS00027961). In die Studie aufgenommen werden COPD-Patienten mit mindestens einer dokumentierten Exazerbation im letzten Jahr. Primärer Endpunkt ist die Anzahl der Exazerbationen. Sekundäre Endpunkte sind die Anzahl COPD-assoziierter Hospitalisierungen, intensivstationärer Aufenthalte sowie der Gesundheitsstatus. In der Interventionsgruppe werden mittels SaniQ-App (Smartphone der Patienten) täglich Symptome erfasst, mittels mobilem Spirometer wird täglich der FEV1 gemessen. Zudem bekommen die Patienten eine Smartwatch zur kontinuierlichen Messung von Atem- und Herzfrequenz, Sauerstoffsättigung und der Schritte. In der App werden die erhobenen Messwerte dargestellt und motivationsfördernde Komponenten zur Raucherentwöhnung und körperlichen Aktivität sowie Videochats mit den COPD-Nurses und Ärzten angeboten. Sollten die Symptome oder die Lungenfunktion sich verschlechtern, erfolgt die Kontaktaufnahme durch die geschulte COPD-Nurse, welche die Messwerte des Patienten einsieht und den Handlungsbedarf bezüglich eines präventiven Eingreifens einschätzt.

Diskussion Telementor COPD bietet die Möglichkeit, die Wirksamkeitsvorteile des digitalen Monitorings und der Telemedizin zu evaluieren und somit den Weg in die Routineversorgung von COPD-Patienten mit hohem Exazerbationsrisiko zu ebnen.
Evaluation of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Symptomatic Young Infants Using Multichannel Intraluminal pH-Impedance Testing: A large Cohort Study from a Single Center
Authors: Sequeira Gomes Rochelle , Favara Michael , Abraham Sheeja , Palma Joan Di , Aghai Zubair H. 
Published: August 2024

Objective This study aimed to assess the use of combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH studies (MII–pH) in a large group of symptomatic young infants, to characterize the occurrence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and to establish temporal association of the reflux behaviors with gastroesophageal reflux using symptom indices.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study on 181 infants who underwent MII–pH studies for clinical behaviors that were suggestive of GERD. Symptom index (SI) and symptom association probability (SAP) were used to establish symptom association with reflux. More than 100 GER episodes in 24 hours or acid reflux index > 10% was considered pathological reflux.
Results A total of 181 infants (median age: 60 days, interquartile range [IQR]: 34–108) underwent MII–pH studies with median study duration of 22.41 hours (IQR: 21.5–23.32). A total of 4,070 hours of data were analyzed, with 8,480 reflux events (2,996 [35%] acidic, 5,484 [65%] nonacidic). A total of 2,541 symptoms were noted, 894 (35%) were temporally related to reflux events. A total of 113 infants (62.4%) had positive symptom association with SI > 50% and/or SAP > 95% for at least one symptom. There was modest symptom association for choking and gagging, but apnea, bradycardia, and desaturations had poor symptom association. Only 29 infants (16%) had pathological reflux, and only 18 infants (10%) had both pathological reflux and positive symptom association.
Conclusion MII–pH can be used to characterize GERD in young infants, along with establishing temporal association with symptoms. Pathological reflux in symptomatic young infants is not common, but symptom association may occur without frequent or acidic reflux.
Key Points
Deimplementation of Routine Maternal Oxygen Supplementation for Intrauterine Fetal Resuscitation: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chisholm Sarah E. , Gastanaduy Mariella , Elmayan Adrem , Williams Frank B. 
Published: August 2024

Objective Current practice guidelines for laboring patients with category II intrapartum tracings recommend maternal oxygen supplementation despite emerging randomized data challenging its benefit and utility. We aim to validate that de-implementing maternal oxygen supplementation for fetal resuscitation did not increase the risk of neonatal acidemia in a real-world setting.
Study Design This is a retrospective observational study conducted at a single tertiary care center from January 2019 to June 2021. All laboring deliveries during the study period were reviewed and eligible participants included singleton or twin pregnancies between 23 and 42 weeks gestational age with persistent category II tracings. Known major fetal anomalies, contraindications to labor, and maternal indication for O2 supplementation, including active coronavirus disease 2019, were excluded. Cohorts were allocated based on the time of delivery. Those occurring prior to our hospital policy change were identified as historical controls and deliveries after April 1, 2020, as the postdeimplementation cohort. The primary outcome was fetal acidemia, defined as umbilical cord pH < 7.2. Secondary outcomes included severe acidemia (pH < 7.0), 5-minute Apgar score <4, and neonatal intensive care admission. Regression analyses controlling for known variables associated with neonatal acidemia generated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results Among 9,088 deliveries during the study period, 1,162 tracings were flagged as persistent category II, including 681 (59%) in the postintervention group. The two cohorts had comparable baseline and obstetric characteristics. No difference in neonatal acidemia was observed between the postdeimplementation group and historical controls (13.8 vs. 15.4%, aOR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.62, 1.22). Severe acidemia, 5-minute Apgar <4, and neonatal intensive care admission were not increased in the postdeimplementation group.
Conclusion De-implementation of routine maternal oxygen supplementation for fetal resuscitation did not increase the likelihood of neonatal acidemia in a real-world setting, validating guidelines recommending against the intervention.
Key Points
Identifying Elective Induction of Labor among a Diverse Pregnant Population from Electronic Health Records within a Large Integrated Health Care System
Authors: Xie Fagen , Fassett Michael J. , Im Theresa M. , Park Daniella , Chiu Vicki Y. , Getahun Darios 
Published: August 2024

Objective Distinguishing between medically indicated induction of labor (iIOL) and elective induction of labor (eIOL) is a daunting process for researchers. We aimed to develop a Natural Language Processing (NLP) algorithm to identify eIOLs from electronic health records (EHRs) within a large integrated health care system.
Study Design We used structured and unstructured data from Kaiser Permanente Southern California's EHRs of patients who were <35 years old and had singleton deliveries between 37 and 40 gestational weeks. Induction of labor (IOL) pregnancies were identified if there was evidence of an IOL diagnosis code, procedure code, or documentation in a delivery flowsheet or progress note. A comprehensive NLP algorithm was developed and refined through an iterative process of chart reviews and adjudications, where IOL-associated reasons (medically indicated vs. elective induction) were reviewed. The final algorithm was applied to discern the indications of IOLs performed during the study period.
Results A total of 332,163 eligible pregnancies were identified between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2022. Of these eligible pregnancies, 68,541 (20.6%) were IOL, of which 6,824 (10.0%) were eIOL. Validation of the NLP process against 300 randomly selected pregnancies (100 eIOL, iIOL, and non-IOL cases each) yielded a positive predictive value of 83.0% and 88.0% for eIOL and iIOL, respectively. The rates of eIOL among the maternal age groups ranged between 9.6 and 10.3%, except for the <20 years group (12.2%). Non-Hispanic White individuals had the highest rate of eIOL (13.2%), while non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islanders had the lowest rate of eIOL (7.8%). The rate of eIOL increased from 1.0% in the 37-week gestational age (GA) group to 20.6% in the 40-week GA group.
Conclusion Findings suggest that the developed NLP algorithm effectively identifies eIOL. It can be utilized to support eIOL-related pharmacoepidemiological studies, fill in knowledge gaps, and provide content more relevant to researchers.
Key Points
Direct Synthesis of N-Substituted Phosphinecarboxamides from [TBA][P(SiCl3)2] and Isonitriles
Authors: Wang Xi-Cun , Chen Dong-Ping , Quan Zheng-Jun , Yang Bo , Wang Xin , Chai Yao , Xu Wen-Bo , Tian Ya-Ling , Ma Yong-Jun , Alduma Anwar I. , Cao Xin-Rui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this investigation, N-substituted phosphinecarboxamides were produced through the reaction of [TBA][P(SiCl3)2] with isonitriles. This method capitalizes on the flexibility of isonitriles as a source of both nitrogen and carbonyl groups, offering a novel route to the generation of PH2-type compounds. This approach is characterized by rapid reaction times, simple procedural requirements, compatibility with a diverse array of substrates, and the conversion of [TBA][P(SiCl3)2] into organic phosphorus compounds. Additionally, we systematically studied the reaction mechanism of isonitrile with [TBA][P(SiCl3)2] through controlled experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Development of Liquisolid Technology to Overcome Dissolution/Absorption Limitations of Oral Drugs
Authors: Wang Huan , Zhang Xingwang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIncreasing influx of poorly water-soluble drugs poses a significant challenge to oral drug delivery. Conventional solubilization techniques such as solid dispersion and cyclodextrin inclusion, while capable of improving drug dissolution, suffer from a great predicament in subsequent formulation processing. A novel “powder solution technology,” the liquisolid technique, has come to the forefront in dealing with drug solubilization and formulation of oral “problem” drugs. The liquisolid technique involves the adsorption of liquid medications onto suitable carrier and coating materials, followed by conversion into free-flowing, dry-looking, and compressible powders. In the liquisolid system, the drug is dispersed in an almost molecular state, which greatly contributes to drug dissolution and absorption. This review aims to present the fundamentals of liquisolid technology and update the concept of liquisolid processing to expand its applications. The trend of modern drug discovery, drug solubilization approaches, application of liquisolid technology in formulation innovation, formulation composition, and design of liquisolid systems were discussed in detail. Special emphasis was placed on the application of liquisolid technology to improve the dissolution and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Accumulating evidence shows that the liquisolid technology has immense potential to improve oral delivery and facilitate the secondary development of insoluble drugs.
Genetically Predicted Iron Status Is a Causal Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Wu Boyuan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Current knowledge on iron's role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) development is very limited, with studies yielding inconsistent findings. We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization study to assess the associations of iron status with the risk of RA.
Methods This study leveraged genetic data from a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 257,953 individuals to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with iron status. We then analyzed these data in conjunction with summary-level data on RA from the IEU open GWAS project, which included 5,427 RA cases and 479,171 controls. An inverse-variance weighted method with random effects was employed, along with sensitivity analyses, to assess the relationship between iron status and RA risk.
Results Genetic predisposition to high ferritin and serum iron status was causally associated with lower odds of RA. Ferritin had an odds ratio (OR) of 0.997 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.995–0.997; p = 0.010), indicating that a one-unit increase in ferritin is associated with a 0.3% decrease in the odds of RA. Similarly, serum iron had an OR of 0.997 (95% CI: 0.995–0.999; p = 0.014). However, MR analyses found no significant causal associations between total iron-binding capacity (OR = 1.0, 95% CI: 0.999–1.002; p = 0.592) or transferrin saturation percentage (OR = 0.998, 95% CI: 0.996–1.000; p = 0.080) and risk of developing RA.
Conclusions This study suggests that individuals with genes linked to higher iron levels may have a lower risk of developing RA. Our findings indicate that the total amount of iron in the body, rather than how it is distributed, might be more important for RA. This raises the intriguing possibility that iron supplementation could be a preventative strategy, but further research is necessary.
Observation of a core-excited dipole-bound state ∼1 eV above the electron detachment threshold in cryogenically cooled acetylacetonate
Authors: Jara-Toro Rafael A. , Taccone Martín I. , Dezalay Jordan , Noble Jennifer A. , von Helden Gert , Pino Gustavo A. 
Published: August 2024

Dipole-bound states in anions exist when a polar neutral core binds an electron in a diffuse orbital through charge–dipole interaction. Electronically excited polar neutral cores can also bind an electron in a diffuse orbital to form Core-Excited Dipole-Bound States (CE-DBSs), which are difficult to observe because they usually lie above the electron detachment threshold, leading to very short lifetimes and, thus, unstructured transitions. We report here the photodetachment spectroscopy of cryogenically cooled acetylacetonate anion (C5H7O2−) recorded by detecting the neutral radical produced upon photodetachment and the infrared spectroscopy in He-nanodroplets. Two DBSs were identified in this anion. One of them lies close to the electron detachment threshold (∼2.74 eV) and is associated with the ground state of the radical (D0-DBS). Surprisingly, the other DBS appears as resonant transitions at 3.69 eV and is assigned to the CE-DBS associated with the first excited state of the radical (D1-DBS). It is proposed that the resonant transitions of the D1-DBS are observed ∼1 eV above the detachment threshold because its lifetime is determined by the internal conversion to the D0-DBS, after which the fast electron detachment takes place.
Sexual mixing in bisexual activity in male–male partnerships in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Griffiths Hayden A. , Fairley Christopher K. , Ong Jason J. , Chow Eric P. F. , Phillips Tiffany R. 
Published: August 2024

Background The patterns of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in populations may be influenced by the sexual mixing within the population. We aimed to investigate the assortative sexual mixing pattern by bisexuality in male–male partnerships. Methods This was a retrospective repeated cross-sectional study of men with mostly regular male partners attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre between 2011 and 2019. Data on sexual practices, including their sexual practices, presence of other male/female sex partners and the gender of sexual partners in the previous 3 and 12 months, were collected using computer-assisted self-interview. We calculated the proportion of male partnerships where at least one man in the partnership reported a female sex partner. Results A total of 2056 male–male partnerships (i.e. 4112 individuals) with a median age of 29 years (IQR 25 to 35) were included. Overall, in 94.4% (1941/2056) of male–male partnerships both men had male partners only; however, in 5.5% (113/2056) of partnerships, one man had both male and female partners, and in 0.1% (2/2056) partnerships, both men had both male and female partners. No assortative relationship was found on the sexual mixing by bisexuality in male–male partnerships due to the low assortativity coefficient (r = 0.006, 95% CI: −0.004 to 0.016). Conclusion One in 20 male–male partnerships had at least one man who had both male and female partners within the preceding year. Individuals were not selective by bisexuality, suggesting that partnerships of bisexual individuals are mixed proportionately to the distribution of their characteristics. Still, these sexual mixing practices may affect STI transmission dynamics.
Quantum strong cosmic censorship and black hole evaporation
Authors: Juárez-Aubry Benito A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
It is common folklore that semiclassical arguments suggest that, in black hole evaporation, an initially pure state can become mixed. This is known as the information loss puzzle (or paradox). Here we argue that, if taken at face value, semiclassical gravity suggests the formation of a final singularity instead of information loss. A quantum strong cosmic censorship conjecture, for which we give a rigorous statement, supports this conclusion. Thus, there are no reasons to expect a failure of unitarity in black hole evaporation or for any quantum gravity theory that can ‘cure’ singularities.
Decoding disorder signatures of AuCl3 and vacancies in MoS2 films: from synthetic to experimental inversion
Authors: Duarte F R , Matusalem F , Grasseschi D , Rocha A R , Seixas Leandro , de Matos Christiano J S , Mukim S , Ferreira M S 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the scope of application of a recently designed inversion methodology that is capable of obtaining structural information about disordered systems through the analysis of their conductivity response signals. Here we demonstrate that inversion tools of this type are capable of sensing the presence of disorderly distributed defects and impurities even in the case where the scattering properties of the device are only weakly affected. This is done by inverting the DC conductivity response of monolayered MoS2 films containing a minute amount of AuCl3 coordinated complexes. Remarkably, we have successfully extracted detailed information about the concentration of AuCl3 by decoding its signatures on the transport features of simulated devices. In addition to the case of theoretically generated Hamiltonians, we have also carried out a full inversion procedure from experimentally measured signals of similar structures. Based on experimental input signals of MoS2 with naturally occurring vacancies, we were able to quantify the vacancy concentration contained in the samples, which indicates that the inversion methodology has experimental applicability as long as the input signal is able to resolve the characteristic contributions of the type of disorder in question. Being able to handle more complex, realistic scenarios unlocks the method’s applicability for designing and engineering even more elaborate materials.
Correlating Cu dopant concentration, optoelectronic properties, and photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures: experimental and theoretical insights
Authors: Esbergenova Amugul , Hojamberdiev Mirabbos , Mamatkulov Shavkat , Jalolov Rivojiddin , Kong Debin , Ruzimuradov Olim , Shaislamov Ulugbek 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The photocatalytic activity of photocatalysts can be enhanced by cation doping, and the dopant concentration plays a key role in achieving high efficiency. This study explores the impact of copper (Cu) doping at concentrations ranging from 0% to 10% on the microstructural, optical, electronic, and photocatalytic properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures. The x-ray diffraction analysis shows a non-linear alteration in the lattice parameters with increasing the Cu content and the formation of CuO as a secondary phase at the Cu concentration of >3%. Density functional theory calculations provide insights into the change in the electronic structures of ZnO induced by Cu doping, leading to the formation of localized d electronic levels above the valence band maximum. The modulation of the electronic structure of ZnO by Cu doping facilitates the visible light absorption via O 2p → Cu 3d and Cu 3d → Zn 2p transitions. Photoluminescence spectroscopy reveals a quenching of the defect-related emission peak at approximately 570 nm for all Cu-doped ZnO nanostructures, indicating a reduction in the structural and other defects. The photocatalytic activity tests confirm that the ZnO nanostructures doped with 3% Cu exhibit the highest efficiency compared to other samples due to the suitable band-edge position and visible light absorption.
Continuous gated first-passage processes
Authors: Scher Yuval , Kumar Aanjaneya , Santhanam M S , Reuveni Shlomi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Gated first-passage processes, where completion depends on both hitting a target and satisfying additional constraints, are prevalent across various fields. Despite their significance, analytical solutions to basic problems remain unknown, e.g. the detection time of a diffusing particle by a gated interval, disk, or sphere. In this paper, we elucidate the challenges posed by continuous gated first-passage processes and present a renewal framework to overcome them. This framework offers a unified approach for a wide range of problems, including those with single-point, half-line, and interval targets. The latter have so far evaded exact solutions. Our analysis reveals that solutions to gated problems can be obtained directly from the ungated dynamics. This, in turn, reveals universal properties and asymptotic behaviors, shedding light on cryptic intermediate-time regimes and refining the notion of high-crypticity for continuous-space gated processes. Moreover, we extend our formalism to higher dimensions, showcasing its versatility and applicability. Overall, this work provides valuable insights into the dynamics of continuous gated first-passage processes and offers analytical tools for studying them across diverse domains.