bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Board independence, CEO succession and the scope of strategic change
Authors: Li Wei’an , Xu Jian 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to examine the effectiveness of independent directors based on the perspective of strategic control.Design/methodology/approach– This is an empirical study carried out between 2007 and 2012 based on a sample of Chinese A-share-listed companies.Findings– The results indicate that the departure of a CEO provides conditions for the new CEO to become empowered to carry out strategic change. The behavior of a new CEO results in the phenomenon of “a new broom sweeps clean” and increases the scope of strategic change. In addition, the results indicate that the board’s independence negatively moderates the relationship between the CEO’s succession and the scope of strategic change, and that independent directors are effective in supervising risk-taking behavior on the part of the CEO which ultimately results in damaging company performance.Practical implications– The corporate internal and external supervisory mechanisms should be improved during the process of succession of a new CEO, and the effectiveness of the supervision of board directors should also be strengthened during the implementation of the strategic process of a new CEO.Originality/value– Previous research on the effectiveness of independent directors mostly focuses on financial control, with a single leap from independent directors to corporate performance, which neglects the strategic control of independent directors. From the micro perspective of the strategic control process as a means of discussing the independent directors’ watchdog role, this paper extends and enriches the research on “the effectiveness of independent directors”.
Exploring the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and corporate performance
Authors: Jia Jianfeng , Wang Guofeng , Zhao Xi’nan , Yu Xifeng 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– The aim of this study is to explore the mediating role of executive competency in entrepreneurial-orientated corporations between entrepreneurial orientation and corporate performance.Design/methodology/approach– The authors conducted a survey of entrepreneurial-oriented enterprises mainly located in Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Shenyang, Dalian, Anshan, Chengdu, Guiyang, Wuhan, Taiyuan, Xi’an, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and so on, areas which cover North China, northeast of China, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta, and are largely representative of the population as a whole. A total of 300 questionnaires were issued with 276 returns, a response rate of 92 per cent; 248 of these were valid.Findings– First, executive competency in entrepreneurial-oriented corporations has four dimensions. These are profession features, concept features, interpersonal features and individual internal drive features; 15 competency elements are included in the above dimensions. Second, entrepreneurial orientation does improve corporate performance, and the positive influence is mainly through two dimensions, which are innovation and antecedence. Third, executive competency has a positive influence on corporate performance, thus confirming the effectiveness of executive competency as a dependent variable. Finally, executive competency has a partial mediating influence on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and corporate performance, with a full mediating influence on innovation and corporate performance, and a partial mediating influence on antecedence and corporate performance.Originality/value– The conclusions have important implications. Theoretically, the executive competency model, which fits entrepreneurial orientation, is constructed, and the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and corporate performance is enriched and extended to include executive competency, which provides a theoretical foundation and empirical support for understanding and explaining entrepreneurial strategy in Chinese corporations. In terms of practical implications, this study helps entrepreneurial-orientated corporations to develop a proper human resources management system to recruit, evaluate, train and develop executives, resulting in continuous performance improvement.
A study of drug‐related police corruption arrests
Authors: Stinson Philip M. , Liederbach John , Brewer Steven L. , Schmalzried Hans D. , Mathna Brooke E. , Long Krista L. 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to provide empirical data on cases of drug‐related police corruption. It identifies and describes incidents in which police officers were arrested for criminal offenses associated with drug‐related corruption.Design/methodology/approachThe study is a quantitative content analysis of news articles identified through the Google News search engine using 48 automated Google Alerts queries. Statistical analyses include classification trees to examine causal pathways between drugs and corruption.FindingsData were analyzed on 221 drug‐related arrest cases of officers employed by police agencies throughout the USA. Findings show that drug‐related corruption involves a wide range of criminal offenses, and that cocaine is the most prevalent drug. Older officers and those employed by large agencies are less likely than others to lose their jobs after a drug‐related arrest.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited by the quality of the available content in each case. The data are also limited to cases that involve an official arrest. Additionally, the data are the result of a filtering process that includes the exercise of media discretion as to types of news stories reported and the content devoted to particular news stories.Practical implicationsThe data provide documentation of drug‐related corruption and the drug trade in 141 police agencies and the need for police executives to develop effective strategies to address it.Originality/valueThe study augments the few drug corruption studies published and is the only study known to describe drug‐related corruption at many police agencies across the USA.
Life story resources in dementia care: a review
Authors: Kindell Jacqueline , Burrow Simon , Wilkinson Ray , David Keady John 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– Life story work has a relatively long tradition in the caring sciences and is recognised as an important component of dementia care and practice. However, to date, there has not been a review of accessible life story resources. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Following a systematic approach to identification and inclusion, 11 life story resources were reviewed to ascertain areas of commonality and divergence between the materials.

Findings
– The authors were able to group the analysis under eight areas and at the end of this process, it was uncertain if life story work is a formal staff intervention or an informal activity that people with dementia and their families could engage in. Resources also varied in terms of whether the life story information was organised in a chronological way, or with topics of interest/discussion or with a combination of both. Life story evaluation and its impact on the life of the person with dementia is in need of development.

Practical implications
– Across the resources the authors identified four reasons to do life story work which the authors have named as: emotional connections; interactional connections; building new connections and practical care connections.

Social implications
– There was limited guidance aimed at helping people with dementia to develop and compile their own life story.

Originality/value
– This paper provides new insights into the usefulness, future directions and content of life story resources in dementia care. It will be of interest to those in health and social care as well as people living with dementia.
Still working for love? Recognising skills and responsibilities of home-based care workers
Authors: Briar Celia , Liddell Elizabeth , Tolich Martin 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to focus on care workers employed in clients’ own homes recognising the skills and responsibilities of home-based care workers.

Design/methodology/approach
– Interviews and focus groups with domiciliary care workers in New Zealand centred on what these employees actually do during their working day.

Findings
– Home-based care workers require the same skills as residential care workers, but they also have greater responsibilities and receive less supervision and support, as they work largely in isolation. In addition, they must spend a large part of their working day travelling between clients: this time is unpaid, and brings their average hourly pay below the minimum wage.

Practical implications
– Although the home-based care workers who took part in this project love and are committed to making a positive difference to their clients, they also want the government, employers and the public to recognise their skills, efforts and their challenging working conditions.

Originality/value
– In earlier days of deinstitutionalisation, Graham described caring work as a “labour of love”. More than three decades years later, a New Zealand government minister described paid care workers as working partly “for love”. Care work is also currently perceived as unskilled. Both these perceptions depress the pay and working conditions of care staff, and in future may undermine the quality of care delivered to vulnerable clients.
Measuring level of market orientation for an Islamic microfinance institution case study of Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM)
Authors: Kazemian Soheil , Abdul Rahman Rashidah , Ibrahim Zuraeda 
Published: November 2014

Design/methodology/approach– This study aims to evaluate the current practices conducted based on in-depth interviews with 16 Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM) medium-level managers who were selected randomly, including branch managers and operational officers. All of the interviewees have two characteristics; they face customers directly and influence their decision-making.Findings– Based on the findings of this study, AIM has a high level of customer orientation and inter-function coordination and a middle level in competitor orientation.Originality/value– This paper initially presents the definition of a unique concept, namely, Islamic market orientation, which is defined based on the incorporation of Islamic concepts and market orientation by discussing the characteristics of Islamic market-oriented organisations. Then, an empirical discussion for evaluating market orientation in a microfinance provider is presented. The paper uses the synthesis of different real positions for developing discussions on whether AIM is following market orientation strategies, and, if so, at which level it is located from each dimension’s point of view.
Contrarian and momentum trading: a review of the literature
Authors: C. Galariotis Emilios 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to critically review the literature on contrarian and momentum trading strategies and identify areas for future research.Design/methodology/approach– Critical review and discussion of the literature.Findings– The extant literature is dynamic and is typified by a number of open questions.Research limitations/implications– The open questions in the literature relate mainly to the driving forces of investment performance, and the role of risk and asset pricing as well as behavioral human traits. The literature is vast and therefore difficult to classify, cover and discuss.Practical implications– The paper indicates the possible need for: the development of different asset pricing models and propositions that can have practical implications at a more international context.Originality/value– The paper provides a critical review of the literature and identifies open issues for future research.
An integrated decision-making model for multi-attributes decision-making (MADM) problems in additive manufacturing process planning
Authors: Zhang Yicha , Bernard Alain 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to propose an integrated decision-making model for multi-attributes decision-making (MADM) problems in additive manufacturing (AM) process planning and for related MADM problems in other research areas.Design/methodology/approach– This research analyzed the drawbacks of former methods and then proposed two sub-decision-making models, “deviation model” and “similarity model”. The former sub-model aimed to measure the deviation extent of each alternative to the aspired goal based on analyzing Euclidean distance between them, whereas the latter sub-model applying grey incidence analysis was used to measure the similarity between alternatives and the expected goal by investigating the curve shape of each alternative. Afterwards, an integrated model based on the aggregation of the two sub-models was proposed and verified by a numerical example and simple case studies.Findings– The calculating results of the cited numerical example and the comparison to former related research showed that this proposed model is more practical and reasonable than former methods applied in MADM problems of AM. In addition, the proposed model can be applied in other fields where MADM problems exist.Originality/value– This proposed integrated model not only considered the deviation extent of alternatives to the aspired goal but also investigated the similarity between alternatives and the expected goal. The similarity analysis compensates the drawbacks of traditional “distance-based” models or methods that cannot distinguish alternatives which have the same distance-based index value.
Toolpaths for additive manufacturing of functionally graded materials (FGM) parts
Authors: Muller Pierre , Hascoet Jean-Yves , Mognol Pascal 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to propose an evaluation of toolpaths for additive manufacturing of functionally graded materials (FGM) parts to ensure the manufacturing of parts in compliance with the desired material distribution. The selection of an appropriate path strategy is critical when manufacturing FGM parts.Design/methodology/approach– The selection of a path strategy is based on a process modeling and an additive laser melting (ALM) system control. To do that, some path strategies are selected, simulated and compared.Findings– The comparison of some paths strategies was applied on a study case from the biomedical field. Test-parts were manufactured and analyzed. Results show a good correlation between the simulated and the deposited material distributions. The evaluation of toolpaths based on the process modeling and the system control was validated.Originality/value– Nowadays, FGM parts manufactured with ALM processes are not functional. To move from these samples to functional parts, it is necessary to have a global approach of the manufacturing procedure centered on the path planning. Few methodologies of path planning are adapted to FGM parts but are still limited.
Environmental impact modeling of selective laser sintering processes
Authors: Kellens Karel , Renaldi Renaldi , Dewulf Wim , Kruth Jean-pierre , Duflou Joost R. 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to present parametric models to estimate the environmental footprint of the selective laser sintering (SLS)’ production phase, covering energy and resource consumption as well as process emissions. Additive manufacturing processes such as (SLS) are often considered to be more sustainable then conventional manufacturing methods. However, quantitative analyses of the environmental impact of these processes are still limited and mainly focus on energy consumption.

Design/methodology/approach
– The required Life Cycle Inventory data are collected using the CO2PE! – Methodology, including time, power, consumables and emission studies. Multiple linear regression analyses have been applied to investigate the interrelationships between product design features on the one hand and production time (energy and resource consumption) on the other hand.

Findings
– The proposed parametric process models provide accurate estimations of the environmental footprint of SLS processes based on two design features, build height and volume, and help to identify and quantify measures for significant impact reduction of both involved products and the supporting machine tools.

Practical implications
– The gained environmental insight can be used as input for ecodesign activities, as well as environmental comparison of alternative manufacturing process plans.

Originality/value
– This article aims to overcome the current lack of environmental impact models, covering energy and resource consumption as well as process emissions for SLS processes.
Selective laser melting (SLM) of pure gold for manufacturing dental crowns
Authors: Khan Mushtaq , Dickens Phill 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to present the application aspect of the work to manufacturing premolar and molar dental crowns by selective laser melting (SLM) of pure gold. Over the years different metals have been processed using laser-based Additive Manufacturing processes, but very little work has been published on the SLM of gold (Au). Previously published work presented suitable processing parameters for SLM of pure gold.

Design/methodology/approach
– Suitable processing parameters were used to manufacture premolar and molar dental crowns using SLM system. Different layer thickness was used to analyse the effect on surface quality of crowns. Mechanical properties are checked using nanoindentation and micro Computerized Tomography scanning.

Findings
– Dental crowns were successfully manufacturing using new build platform and suitable processing parameters. Parts were manufacturing using minimal supports which prevented parts from damaging during removal. A bed temperature of 100°C was found suitable for reducing warpage in the layers. Layer thickness of 50μm was found to have better surface quality and structural integrity as compared to 75μm. Porosity was found to be predominantly inter-layer. Small difference in mechanical properties of dental crowns is associated with the laser processing.

Originality/value
– This research is the first of its kind which presents dental crown manufacturing using SLM of pure gold.
Characterization of sintered hydroxyapatite samples produced by 3D printing
Authors: Pires I. , Gouveia B. , Rodrigues J. , Fonte R. 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this study is to characterize sintered hydroxyapatite (HA) samples produced by three-dimensional printing (3DP). This study is part of a project concerned with the fabrication of calcium phosphates implants by 3DP. However, before considering a more complex structure, like scaffolds or implants, a thorough knowledge of the role played by the sintering temperature on physical and mechanical the properties of porous HA is necessary.

Design/methodology/approach
– The characteristics of sintered HA samples have been analyzed by means of x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and uniaxial compression tests. The 3DP parameters used to produce the HA samples were those who led to higher accuracy and mechanical stability.

Findings
– Sintering temperature and powder morphology are critical factors influencing densification behavior, porosity, phase stability, mechanical strength and tangent modulus of the HA samples produced by 3DP. This study allowed us to conclude about the 3DP parameters to be used to produce porous HA specimens with the required integrity and dimensional accuracy, and the optimal post-processing sintering temperature which led to the best results in terms of porosity, microstructure, phase stability of HA and mechanical properties.

Originality/value
– This paper provides a method to evaluate the manufacturability of calcium phosphate models produced by 3DP.
Fabrication of three-dimensional honeycomb structure for aeronautical applications using selective laser melting: a preliminary investigation
Authors: Chantarapanich Nattapon , Laohaprapanon Apinya , Wisutmethangoon Sirikul , Jiamwatthanachai Pongnarin , Chalermkarnnon Prasert , Sucharitpwatskul Sedthawatt , Puttawibul Puttisak , Sitthiseripratip Kriskrai 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper was to investigate the feasibility on design and production of a three-dimensional honeycomb based on selective laser melting (SLM) technique for use in aeronautical application.

Design/methodology/approach
– Various polyhedrons were investigated using their mechanical property, i.e. strain energy density (SED), by means of finite element (FE) analysis for the suitability of use in aerospace application; the highest SED polyhedron was selected as a candidate polyhedron. From the FE analysis, the truncated octahedron (three-dimensional honeycomb) structure was considered to be the potential candidate. Polyhedron size and beam thickness of the open-cellular three-dimensional honeycomb structure were modelled and analysed to observe how the geometric properties influence the stiffness of the structure. One selected model of open-cellular honeycomb (unit cell size: 2.5 mm and beam thickness: 0.15 mm) was fabricated using SLM. The SLM prototypes were assessed by their mechanical properties, including compressive strength, stiffness and strength per weight ratio. To investigate the feasibility in production of airfoil section sandwich structure, NACA 0016 airfoil section with three-dimensional honeycomb core was constructed and also fabricated using SLM.

Findings
– According to the result, the three-dimensional honeycomb has elastic modulus of 63.18 MPa and compressive strength of 1.1 MPa, whereas strength per weight ratio is approximately 5.0 × 103 Nm/kg. The FE result presented good agreement to the mechanical testing result. The geometric parameter of the three-dimensional honeycomb structure influences the stiffness, especially the beam thickness, i.e. increase of beam thickness obviously produces the stiffer structure. In addition, the sandwich structure of airfoil was also successfully manufactured.

Originality/value
– This work demonstrated the production of sandwich structure of airfoil using SLM for aeronautical engineering. This investigation has shown the potential applications of the three-dimensional structure, e.g. aircraft interior compartment components and structure of unmanned aerial vehicles.
Childhood traumatic brain injury; education and medical disability
Authors: Nilsson Johanna , Emanuelson Ingrid 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe level of education and return to school and employment among children and young adults who sustained a Traumatic brain injury (TBI) 15 years ago and to analyse the occurrence of any medical disability.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study is descriptive. The authors used a questionnaire with questions covering education, employment, sick leave, insurance compensation and medical follow-up.

Findings
– A total of 37 individuals, 17 (45.9 per cent) women and 20 (54.1 per cent) men, participated. Just over half (20 individuals, 54.1 per cent) were in employment, five (13.5 per cent) were unemployed and four (10.8 per cent) received disability pension. In total, 18 (48.6 per cent) individuals had received full compensation from their insurance companies, while 12 (35.3 per cent) had had their medical disability classified. A total of 12 (33.3 per cent) individuals were taking medication and five (13.9 per cent) had been followed by the health care system. The results indicate that people sustaining a TBI are less successful on the labour market than the general population, that relatively few had had their disability classified and that almost 50 per cent receive no insurance compensation.

Originality/value
– There are few long-term follow-up studies on brain injuries acquired during childhood, and this study would add to the previous knowledge, as aspects of medical disability and legal compensation are included.