bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laboratory hematology in the history of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
Authors: Hoffmann Johannes J.M.L. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Background: For the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the journal Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM), an historic overview of papers that the journal has published in the field of laboratory hematology (LH) is presented.

Methods: All past volumes of CCLM were screened for papers on LH and these were categorized. Bibliographic data of these papers were also analyzed.

Results:
CCLM published in total 387 LH papers. The absolute number of LH papers published annually showed a significant increase over the years since 1985. Also the share of LH papers demonstrated a steady increase (overall mean 5%, but mean 8% over the past 4 years). The most frequent category was coagulation and fibrinolysis (23.5%). Authors from Germany contributed the most LH papers to the journal (22.7%), followed by the Netherlands and Italy (16.3 and 13.2%, respectively). Recent citation data indicated that other publications cited LH review papers much more frequently than other types of papers.

Conclusions: The history of the journal reflects the emergence and development of laboratory hematology as a separate discipline of laboratory medicine.
Generic failure mechanisms in adhesive bonds
Authors: Hass Philipp , Wittel Falk K. , Niemz Peter 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
The failure of adhesive bondlines has been studied at the microscopic level via tensile tests. Stable crack propagation could be generated by means of samples with improved geometry, which made in situ observations possible. The interaction of cracks with adhesive bondlines under various angles to the crack propagation was the focus of this study, as well as the respective loading situations for the adhesives urea formaldehyde (UF), polyurethane (PUR), and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), which have distinctly different mechanical behaviors. It has been shown how adhesive properties influence the occurrence of certain failure mechanisms and determine their appearance and order of magnitude. With the observed failure mechanisms, it becomes possible to predict the propagation path of a crack through the specimen.
Behavior of xylans from the Eucalyptus species. Part 2. Characterization of 4-O-methylglucuronoxylans isolated from black liquors of kraft pulping of Eucalyptus grandis and E. urophylla
Authors: Magaton Andréia S. , Silva Teresa Cristina F. , Colodette Jorge Luiz , Piló-Veloso Dorila , Milagres Flaviana Reis , Resende Janaína Oliveira 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
4-O-methylglucuronoxylans isolated from Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla kraft black liquors (KBLs) were chemically characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Doses of alkali charge, expressed as active alkali (AA), were 16, 17, and 18% while the sulfidity was kept at 25%. Kappa numbers of 19.1, 17.5, and 16.1 for E. grandis and 20.4, 16.8, and 15.4 for E. urophylla were obtained. At higher alkali charges, the recovery of xylans from the KBLs was lower and the degree of substitution of xylans with uronic acids decreased. The average molecular weight (M
w) of the recovered xylans was greater under conditions of mild pulping, i.e., in the case of pulps with higher kappa numbers. Mw of xylans ranged from 16.1 to 19.1 kDa for E. grandis and from 15.4 to 20.4 kDa for E. urophylla. The xylans from KBL may be useful as pulp modifying agents or as a raw material for advanced applications.
Beech wood shrinkage observed at the micro-scale by a time series of X-ray computed tomographs (μXCT)
Authors: Taylor Adam , Plank Bernhard , Standfest Gernot , Petutschnigg Alexander 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
The shrinkage behavior of European beech wood was successfully observed on a time series of images obtained by high resolution X-ray computed tomography (μXCT). The calculated measures for shrinkage and shrinkage anisotropy are consistent with published data. Evidence was provided for the ‘ray restraint’ theory of shrinkage anisotropy. This technique has a high potential for the study of dynamic processes in wood at the micro-scale, though the resolution of the images is lower and the measurement times are longer in comparison to synchroton radiation μXCT.
The GlycanBuilder and GlycoWorkbench glycoinformatics tools: updates and new developments
Authors: Damerell David , Ceroni Alessio , Maass Kai , Ranzinger Rene , Dell Anne , Haslam Stuart M. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
During the EUROCarbDB project our group developed the GlycanBuilder and GlycoWorkbench glycoinformatics tools. This short communication summarizes the capabilities of these two tools and updates which have been made since the original publications in 2007 and 2008. GlycanBuilder is a tool that allows for the fast and intuitive drawing of glycan structures; this tool can be used standalone, embedded in web pages and can also be integrated into other programs. GlycoWorkbench has been designed to semi-automatically annotate glycomics data. This tool can be used to annotate mass spectrometry (MS) and MS/MS spectra of free oligosaccharides, N and O-linked glycans, GAGs (glycosaminoglycans) and glycolipids, as well as MS spectra of glycoproteins.
Factors that affect the postnatal increase in superior mesenteric artery blood flow velocity in very low birth weight preterm infants
Authors: Havranek Thomas , Miladinovic Branko , Wadhawan Rajan , Carver Jane D. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Objective: To identify factors related to the postnatal increase in superior mesenteric artery blood flow velocity (SMA BFV).

Study design: SMA BFV was measured in 35 infants (birth weight 1047±246 g) on day of life (DOL) 1, 3, 5, 7 10 and 14. Latent curve modeling (LCM) was used to measure the longitudinal change in BFV for each subject, and the correlation between changes in BFV and baseline values. Non-parametric correlations were calculated between BFV and variables previously reported to be related to SMA BFV.

Results: There was significant variability in SMA BFV on DOL 1, a significant increase from DOL 1–14, and significant variability in the postnatal increase. Infants with higher enteral feeding volumes had greater increases, while infants receiving positive pressure ventilation or hyperalimentation had lower increases.

Conclusions: Several clinical factors affect the postnatal increase in SMA BFV. The use of LCM is useful in longitudinal studies of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, who are clinically and demographically heterogeneous.
Fetal myocardial peak systolic strain before and after intrauterine red blood cell transfusion – a tissue Doppler imaging study
Authors: Michel Miriam , Schmitz Ralf , Kiesel Ludwig , Steinhard Johannes 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cardiac function in anemic fetuses by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) measuring the myocardial peak systolic strain (PS) in fetuses before and after intrauterine transfusion (IUT) of red blood cells.

Methods: In our prospective clinical study in anemic fetuses, high-frame-rate TDI data files from a four-chamber view of fetal hearts pre- and post-IUT were analyzed. The biventricular PS parameters of the mid-segment of the ventricular walls [region of interest (ROI) 1 right ventricle, ROI 2 left ventricle] and the basal segment of the ventricular walls (ROI 3 tricuspid annulus, ROI 4 mitral annulus) were compared with the PS data of the normal controls.

Results: We analyzed the pre-/post-data sets from the 15 hearts of anemic fetuses and from the 17 controls. The threshold of statistical significance was set to P≤0.05. Compared with the controls, in anemic fetuses the left ventricular longitudinal myocardial PS (ROI 2, P=0.001) and PS in the basal segment of the right ventricle (ROI 3 P=0.009) was significantly increased (absolute amount). Compared with pre-IUT, post-IUT PS decreased significantly in both ventricles (ROI 1 P=0.025, ROI 2 P=0.02). Compared with the controls, post-IUT left ventricular PS was still higher (absolute amount) (ROI 2, P=0.026; ROI 4, P=0.009).

Conclusions: The increase in myocardial PS due to severe fetal anemia is partially normalized by IUT. In anemic fetuses, assessment of TDI fetal myocardial PS is feasible.
Trophoblastic progranulin expression is upregulated in cases of fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia
Authors: Stubert Johannes , Schattenberg Florian , Richter Dagmar-Ulrike , Dieterich Max , Briese Volker 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Aims: The expression of the anti-inflammatory glycoprotein progranulin and the hypoxia-induced transcription factor 1α (HIF-1α) in the villous trophoblast was compared between placentae from patients with preeclampsia (PE), fetal growth restriction (FGR), and normal controls.

Study design: Matched pairs analysis of third trimester placentae specimens (mean gestational age 36+2) was performed by semiquantitative measurements of the immunohistochemical staining intensities for progranulin and HIF-1α expression (PE n=13, FGR n=9 and controls n=11). Further, placental progranulin mRNA expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR on term placentae (n=3 for each group).

Results: Compared to controls, villous trophoblast revealed a significantly higher expression of progranulin in cases of PE (P<0.05) and FGR (P<0.01). Similar results were shown for HIF-1α expression (P<0.01 for PE and <0.05 for FGR). The increase of the progranulin protein was not accompanied by an increase of the progranulin mRNA in term placentae.

Conclusions: Increased expression of progranulin protein in villous trophoblast cells in cases of PE and FGR may result from disturbed placental development and, therefore, may be of pathogenetic importance. The increase was correlated to HIF-1α expression. Further evaluation of this potential mechanism of regulation is required.
Can a customized standard for large for gestational age identify women at risk of operative delivery and shoulder dystocia?
Authors: Cha Hyun-Hwa , Kim Ji-Young , Choi Suk-Joo , Oh Soo-Young , Roh Cheong-Rae , Kim Jong-Hwa 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Objective: To determine whether a customized standard for large for gestational age (LGA) identifies undiagnosed women at risk of operative delivery and shoulder dystocia.

Methods: We previously generated customized standards from our institution. We compared the baseline maternal characteristics and neonatal outcomes between LGA and non-LGA births, which were classified by both population-based and customized standards. The risk of operative delivery (vacuum delivery or emergent cesarean section) and shoulder dystocia was compared by logistic regression analysis in LGA pregnancies that were identified by a population-based birth weight standard and a customized standard after adjusting for maternal age, parity, body mass index, and neonatal gender.

Results: Multivariable analysis revealed that the pregnancies identified as LGA by a customized standard were associated with an increased risk of emergent cesarean section [odds ratio (OR), 4.09; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.00–5.74] and shoulder dystocia (OR, 10.56; 95% CI, 5.52–20.19). However, there was no association between an increased risk of vacuum delivery (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 0.92–2.30) and pregnancies identified as non-LGA, using both standards. In addition, customized LGA infants were at increased risk of admission to neonatal intensive care unit (OR 1.63; 95% CI, 1.09–2.43).

Conclusion: A customized standard of LGA is useful in identifying previously unrecognized women at risk of emergent cesarean section and shoulder dystocia.
Dynamic pressure analysis as a tool for determination of sharkskin instability by extrusion of molten polymers
Authors: Barczewski Mateusz , Barczewski Roman , Sterzynski Tomasz 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Increasing requirements which extruded polymeric products should accomplish are imposed to quantitatively characterize the factors which have a considerable effect on extrusion stability. Investigation has been realized by means of a rheological measurement device including a single screw extruder, as well as a rheological die, signal acquisition and analysis system. Due to a specially designed measurement track and modern signal processing technique, the separation of cyclic instabilities from received signals (representing the course of melt pressure) and the definition of the influence on the extrusion process were feasible. This paper demonstrates an example of the application of two new methods which facilitate the detection of sharkskin instability, irrespective of visual observation of the extrudate. Autocorrelation function and frequency analysis based on a fast Fourier transformation (FFT) were used as numeric tools applied to register and control the extrusion process. The flow of molten polymer was studied under various processing conditions, giving an opportunity to split high frequency pressure fluctuations by means of the autocorrelation function and fast Fourier transform, and to create, in the future, a catalogue of data which can be used to define particular distortions in technological investigations.
Silica nanoparticles as a carrier for signal amplification
Authors: Wei Wei , Wei Min , Liu Songqin 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Owing to the small size, high surface-to-volume ratio, and good biocompatibility, silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have become the normally used carrier for biomolecule immobilization. Label-based detection techniques have been used extensively for a wide range of applications in biological analysis. Organic dye, enzyme, electroactive species, and quantum dots (QDs) with unique optical and electrochemical performances have been used as probes for chemical and biological analysis. The common problem is that only a limited amount of probes can be linked to a biomolecule, which limited the extensive use of these probes in trace amounts of analyte detection. New technologies can provide efficient means to carry them with SiNPs, which possess a three-dimensional network suitable for load or encapsulating a large amount of probes. As a result, composite SiNPs can improve the detection sensitivity significantly because they carry a large amount of probes, which is beneficial for trace analysis. Also, SiNPs are nontoxic, highly water soluble, suitable for many biomolecules to conjugate, and increase the chemical and physical stability of the probes, which is very important for biological analysis. The goal of this review is to describe recent progress in the methods that SiNPs are used as a carrier of dyes, QDs, and enzyme and their application in biological analysis. Among these, SiNPs as a biolabel reagent for signal amplification in immunoassay, DNA, protein, and small molecule detection are the main topic in this review. We focus on two types of methods of carrying signal probes with SiNPs. One is to modify probes on the outer surface of the SiNPs and another is to encapsulate signal probes into the SiNPs. Particular attention is paid to update reported advances since 2009.
Composite reinforcement by oxide TiO2
Authors: Soltani Mehrdad , Hoseininejad Seid Abbas 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis composite has been developed by solidification processing by the addition of 0.5–3. 5 wt% powders of oxide TiO2 to molten Al-Cu alloy. The dry sliding wear behavior of pins of cast composite, fabricated by the solidification of the melt-particle slurry in mold, has been determined by pin-on-disc wear tests carried out conventionally and while removing wear debris by camel brush. The accumulated volume loss in composites increases linearly with increasing the sliding distance, and the wear rate increases more or less linearly with increasing load. The increasing particle content decreases the wear rate at a given load. The accumulated volume loss is considerably higher when the wear debris is removed by a camel brush during dry sliding wear. The relatively brighter compacted oxide transfer layer could be observed in the SEM micrograph of worn pin surfaces of the composites developed by the addition of TiO2. At higher loads, the oxide debris are expected to get better compacted to form the transfer layer, spread over a larger area of the sliding surface, and thus, their removal causes a larger wear compared to that without the removal of wear debris.
A study on fiber-reinforced elastomer with a biphasic loading behavior
Authors: Huang Hao , Joe Chee-Ryong , Kim Dong-Uk , Lee Jehyun , Choi Heekyu 
Published: September 2012

AbstractA specific fiber-reinforced elastomer (FRE) composite was formed by inserting curved fibers into a rubber matrix. This material combined the hyperelastic behavior of a soft elastomer matrix with the high stiffness character of a fibrous reinforcement. A biphasic loading property could be realized physically. Based on the guided concept, experiments were performed on the specimens of pure and fiber-reinforced silicone rubber, respectively. Test results showed that this FRE composite first experienced an elastomer-dominant phase with a large recoverable deformation and then a fiber-dominant phase with rapid increasing loading. This biphasic behavior of the developed FRE composite was also identified by the constitutive equations based on the nonlinear solid mechanics. It was further discovered that the division of the two phases could be varied with the change of curved fiber length.
Effects on insulin sensitivity and body composition of combination therapy with GH and IGF1 in GH deficient adults with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Barner Caroline , Petersson Maria , Edén Engström Britt , Höybye Charlotte 
Published: September 2012

Objective
The aim of this trial was to evaluate the effect on insulin sensitivity and body composition of combination therapy with GH and IGF1 in adults with GH deficiency (GHD) and diabetes.

Design, patients and methods
A 6-month randomised placebo-controlled pilot study. Fourteen adults with GHD and type 2 diabetes were included. All received rhGH (0.15 mg/day for 1 month and 0.3 mg/day for 5 months) and were randomised to rhIGF1 (15 μg/kg per day for 1 month and 30 μg/kg per day for 5 months) or placebo. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated with euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp and body composition by computed tomography of abdominal and thigh fat, as well as bioimpedance.

Results
Twelve patients completed the study. They were overweight and obese; at baseline, insulin sensitivity (M-value) was low. IGF1 and IGF1 SDS increased in both groups, with the highest increase in the GH and IGF1 group. Positive changes in M-value by +1.4 mg/kg per min, in subcutaneous abdominal fat by −60.5 ml and in fat-free mass by +4.4% were seen in the GH and IGF1 group. Corresponding values in the GH and placebo-treated group were −1.5 mg/kg per min, +23 ml and −0.04% respectively (P=0.02, P=0.04 and P=0.03 for delta values between groups). No safety issues occurred.

Conclusions
Combined GH and IGF1 treatment resulted in positive, but rather small effects, and might be a treatment option in a few selected patients.
Magnetization Processes Analysis in Co-Cu Superlattices
Authors: Rebouillat J. P. , Fillion G. , Dieny B. , Cebollada A. , Gallego J. M. , Martinez J. L. 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTThe analysis of the magnetization measurements performed on two Co-Cu multilayers confirm the antiferromagnetic coupling already observed with neutron experiments. Both exchange and anisotropy energies are taken into account and estimated. Their competitive role in the individual moment orientation leads to typical moment arrangements and hysteresis loops.
Magnetic and Structural Studies on Au/3d-metal Multilayered Films with Artificial Superstructures.
Authors: Araki Satoru , Takahata Tsutomu , Dohnomae Hitoshi , Okuyama Tetsuo , Shinjo Teruya 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTAu/3d-metal(Fe, Co, and Ni) artificial multilayered films were prepared by alternate deposition technique in ultrahigh vacuum. Well defined superstructures were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and Xray diffraction method. All 3d-metals were epitaxially grown on (111) oriented Au buffer layers. A large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy was observed in Au/Co multilayered films. When Co layer thickness was 4.7 Å, the effective perpendicular anisotropy energy Ku was 9.6x106 erg/cm3. The surface (interface) anisotropy energy constants, Ks, of Au/Co and Au/Fe multilayered films were estimated to be 0.42 erg/cm2 and 0.51 erg/cm2, respectively. The volume contribution, Kv, was interpreted from the observed value of saturation magnetization and the bulk values of magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy constants K1 and K2.
Metastable Zincblende MnTe and MnSe: MBE Growth and Characterization
Authors: Gunshor R. L. , Kolodziejski L. A. , Kobayashi M. , Nurmikko A. V. , Otsuka N. 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTEpilayers of metastable zincblende MnSe and MnTe have been grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The MnSe structures have been used to study magnetic ordering in thin layers by means of optical and magnetic measurements. Preliminary optical reflectance measurements performed on samples of zincblende MnTe indicate a bandgap of approximately 3.15eV, while double barrier quantum structures demonstrate optical transitions corresponding to 2D electron and hole confinement. Optical measurements further provide insight into the band offsets existing between MnTe and CdTe, as well as between MnTe and ZnTe epilayers.
MBE Growth and Characterization of Fe- and Co-Based Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors
Authors: Jonker B. T. , Krebs J. J. , Prinz G. A. , Liu X. , Petrou A. , Salamanca-Young L. 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTWe have grown single crystal zincblende epilayers of the diluted magnetic semiconductors Zn1−xFexSe and Zn1−xCoxSe on GaAs(001) by molecular beam epitaxy. We summarize the growth and the structural, magnetic and optical properties of these materials, and contrast their properties with those of the more well-studied Mn-based family of diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) compounds. Both materials exhibit larger values for the band electronmagnetic ion and ion-ion exchange parameters than found in (Zn,Mn)Se. These values are most strongly enhanced in (Zn,Co)Se, which represents the first member of a new Co-based family of DMS compounds. Thus the incorporation of (Zn,Fe)Se and (Zn,Co)Se layers in quantum well and superlattice structures holds very exciting prospects for future work.
Variations in Magnetic Hyperfine fields for Thin Epitaxial Heterostructures Of (110)Fe ON (111)Ag
Authors: Gutierrez C. J. , Mayer S. H. , Qiu Z. Q. , Tang H. , Walker J. C. 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTWe have made a study of magnetic heterostructures involving the epitaxial growth of (110)Fe on (111)Ag. The flatness and continuity of the films was verified by Reflection High Energy Electron Diffraction during the growth process. A series of structures were made with very thin intervening silver layers with thicker iron layers. The doping of appropriate layers by enriched Fe57 made it possible to examine the magnetic structure of the iron films as a function of depth. Preliminary results indicate that thin layers of silver sandwiched between two very thin Fe layers are able to transmit conduction electron polarization, resulting in iron behavior which resembles that of bulk iron. Implications of these results for understanding the nature of the magnetization of iron will be addressed in the following.