bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perioperative allogeneic nonleukoreduced blood transfusion and prostate cancer outcomes after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Yeoh Tze Yeng , Scavonetto Federica , Weingarten Toby N. , Karnes R. Jeffrey , van Buskirk Camille M. , Hanson Andrew C. , Schroeder Darrell R. , Sprung Juraj 
Published: March 2014

BackgroundAllogeneic blood transfusion induces immunosuppression, and concern has been raised that it may increase propensity for cancer recurrence; however, these effects have not been confirmed. We examined the association of perioperative transfusion of allogeneic blood long‐term oncologic outcomes in patients with prostate cancer who underwent prostatectomy.Study Design and MethodsWe reviewed medical records of patients who underwent radical prostatectomy between 1991 and 2005 and received allogeneic nonleukoreduced blood. Each transfused patient was matched to two controls who did not receive blood: matching included age, surgical year, prostate‐specific antigen level, pathologic tumor stages, pathologic Gleason scores, and anesthetic type. Primary outcome was systemic tumor progression, with secondary outcomes of prostate cancer death and all‐cause mortality. Stratified proportional hazards regression analysis was used to assess differences in outcomes between the transfused and nontransfused group.ResultsA total of 379 prostatectomy patients who were transfused and 758 nontransfused controls were followed for 9.4 and 10.2 years (median), respectively. In a multivariable analysis that took into account the matched study design and adjusted for positive surgical margins and adjuvant therapies, the use of allogeneic blood was not associated with systemic tumor progression (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39‐1.99; p = 0.76), prostate cancer–specific death (HR, 1.69; 95% CI, 0.44 to 6.48; p = 0.44), or all‐cause death (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.87 to 1.67; p = 0.27).ConclusionsWhen adjusted for clinicopathologic and procedural variables transfusion of allogeneic blood was not associated with systemic tumor progression and survival outcomes.
Mitigating DoS Attacks Using Performance Model-Driven Adaptive Algorithms
Authors: Barna Cornel , Shtern Mark , Smit Michael , Tzerpos Vassilios , Litoiu Marin 
Published: March 2014

Denial of Service (DoS) attacks overwhelm online services, preventing legitimate users from accessing a service, often with impact on revenue or consumer trust. Approaches exist to filter network-level attacks, but application-level attacks are harder to detect at the firewall. Filtering at this level can be computationally expensive and difficult to scale, while still producing false positives that block legitimate users.
This article presents a model-based adaptive architecture and algorithm for detecting DoS attacks at the web application level and mitigating them. Using a performance model to predict the impact of arriving requests, a decision engine adaptively generates rules for filtering traffic and sending suspicious traffic for further review, where the end user is given the opportunity to demonstrate they are a legitimate user. If no legitimate user responds to the challenge, the request is dropped. Experiments performed on a scalable implementation demonstrate effective mitigation of attacks launched using a real-world DoS attack tool.
Scheduling and thread management with RTEMS
Authors: Bloom Gedare , Sherrill Joel 
Published: March 2014

The goal of a real-time operating system (RTOS) is to support real-time and embedded system (RT/ES) application development, which differ from general-purpose applications because of the size, weight, and power (SWaP) and timing constraints imposed by embedded applications. Useful RTOS features include real-time thread scheduling, thread communication, synchronization, interrupt handling, memory management, file systems, device drivers, networking, and debugging support. The Real-Time Executive for Multi-processor Systems (RTEMS) is a free and open-source RTOS that supports over a dozen processor architecture families and over 150 embedded system boards. RTEMS is designed to support embedded applications with stringent real-time requirements while being compatible with open standards such as POSIX. RTEMS includes optional services such as TCP/IP networking and file systems while still offering minimum executable sizes under 20 KB in useful configurations.
One of the primary functions of an RTOS is to select threads that can obtain access to resources such as shared memory and processor time. RTEMS uses multiple algorithms to manage both waiting threads and those ready to execute. The thread execution schedulers include the traditional RTOS round robin and deterministic priority schedulers, rate monotonic, earliest deadline first (EDF), constant bandwidth server (CBS), and simple SMP scheduling algorithms. The RTEMS scheduling framework allows the application developer to select the thread scheduling algorithm that best meets the application's space and time requirements. ÂăWe will present how this framework can be used by researchers to integrate their own scheduling algorithm into RTEMS and test it using a scheduling simulator before deploying it on target hardware.
ADOK
Authors: Benedetto Salvatore , Lipari Giuseppe 
Published: March 2014

Most embedded software is currently developed using the C programming language, even though its low level of abstraction requires a lot of effort to the programmer. The C++ language is a better choice because: it raises the level of abstraction; it is strongly typed, so it prevents many common programming mistakes; it can be made as efficient as C through fine-grained customisation of memory mechanisms; it can be easily adapted to domain-specific needs. In addition, recent compilers have grown in maturity and performance, and the new standard considerably improves the language by introducing new concepts and an easier syntax.
In this paper we present ADOK, a minimal Real-Time Operating System entirely written in C++ with the exception of a few lines of assembler code. It directly offers a C++ interface to the developer, and it provides a flexible scheduling framework which allows the developer to customise the scheduling to its needs. In particular, we implement a two-level scheduler based on Earliest Deadline First, the Stack Resource Policy protocol for sharing resources and support for mode changes. We demonstrate through examples and a small case-study that ADOK can substantially improve productivity without sacrificing on performance.
Management of patients with multidrug-resistant/extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Europe: a TBNET consensus statement
Authors: Lange Christoph , Abubakar Ibrahim , Alffenaar Jan-Willem C. , Bothamley Graham , Caminero Jose A. , Carvalho Anna Cristina C. , Chang Kwok-Chiu , Codecasa Luigi , Correia Ana , Crudu Valeriu , Davies Peter , Dedicoat Martin , Drobniewski Francis , Duarte Raquel , Ehlers Cordula , Erkens Connie , Goletti Delia , Günther Gunar , Ibraim Elmira , Kampmann Beate , Kuksa Liga , de Lange Wiel , van Leth Frank , van Lunzen Jan , Matteelli Alberto , Menzies Dick , Monedero Ignacio , Richter Elvira , Rüsch-Gerdes Sabine , Sandgren Andreas , Scardigli Anna , Skrahina Alena , Tortoli Enrico , Volchenkov Grigory , Wagner Dirk , van der Werf Marieke J. , Williams Bhanu , Yew Wing-Wai , Zellweger Jean-Pierre , Cirillo Daniela Maria 
Published: March 2014

The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) substantially challenges TB control, especially in the European Region of the World Health Organization, where the highest prevalence of MDR/XDR cases is reported. The current management of patients with MDR/XDR-TB is extremely complex for medical, social and public health systems. The treatment with currently available anti-TB therapies to achieve relapse-free cure is long and undermined by a high frequency of adverse drug events, suboptimal treatment adherence, high costs and low treatment success rates. Availability of optimal management for patients with MDR/XDR-TB is limited even in the European Region. In the absence of a preventive vaccine, more effective diagnostic tools and novel therapeutic interventions the control of MDR/XDR-TB will be extremely difficult. Despite recent scientific advances in MDR/XDR-TB care, decisions for the management of patients with MDR/XDR-TB and their contacts often rely on expert opinions, rather than on clinical evidence.This document summarises the current knowledge on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of adults and children with MDR/XDR-TB and their contacts, and provides expert consensus recommendations on questions where scientific evidence is still lacking.
Hierarchical mesoporous nickel cobaltite nanoneedle/carbon cloth arrays as superior flexible electrodes for supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Deyang , Yan Hailong , Lu Yang , Qiu Kangwen , Wang Chunlei , Tang Chengchun , Zhang Yihe , Cheng Chuanwei , Luo Yongsong 
Published: March 2014

AbstractHierarchical mesoporous NiCo2O4nanoneedle arrays on carbon cloth have been fabricated by a simple hydrothermal approach combined with a post-annealing treatment. Such unique array nanoarchitectures exhibit remarkable electrochemical performance with high capacitance and desirable cycle life at high rates. When evaluated as an electrode material for supercapacitors, the NiCo2O4nanoneedle arrays supported on carbon cloth was able to deliver high specific capacitance of 660 F g-1at current densities of 2 A g-1in 2 M KOH aqueous solution. In addition, the composite electrode shows excellent mechanical behavior and long-term cyclic stability (91.8% capacitance retention after 3,000 cycles). The fabrication method presented here is facile, cost-effective, and scalable, which may open a new pathway for real device applications.
Bone fragility in sarcoidosis and relationships with calcium metabolism disorders: a cross sectional study on 142 patients
Authors: Saidenberg-Kermanac’h Nathalie , Semerano Luca , Nunes Hilario , Sadoun Danielle , Guillot Xavier , Boubaya Marouane , Naggara Nicolas , Valeyre Dominique , Boissier Marie-Christophe 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Introduction
The prevention of fragility fractures in patients with sarcoidosis is a serious concern and the potential risk of hypercalcemia limits vitamin D and calcium supplementation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for low bone mineral density (BMD) and fractures in sarcoidosis. In particular, we aimed to determine the link among bone fragility and calcium and vitamin D metabolism in this population.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional analysis on 142 consecutive patients with histologically proven sarcoidosis. BMD and prevalence of vertebral fractures on X-rays were assessed and the association with potential risk factors was studied by regression analysis.

Results
Fragility fractures occurred in 23.5% of patients, despite a normal mean BMD in the study population. In a multivariate analysis, low dietary calcium, fracture, age, gender and menopause were associated with increased risk of low BMD. Low dietary calcium, high current corticosteroid dose and low creatinine clearance were associated with increased risk of fracture. Serum 25(OH)D between 10 and 20 ng/ml was significantly associated with higher BMD. Conversely, values greater than 20 ng/ml were associated with increased risk of fracture. Serum 25(OH)D level was inversely correlated with disease activity. Of note, vitamin D supplements increased serum 25(OH)D in a dose-dependent manner but had no effect on serum calcium level.

Conclusions
Sarcoidosis patients have a high risk of fracture despite not having a lowered BMD suggesting that other independent factors are involved. Current corticosteroid dose, low dietary calcium and serum 25(OH)D levels are associated with bone fragility. In sarcoidosis, calcium and vitamin D supplementation might be warranted, but desirable 25(OH)D serum levels might be lower than those advised for the general population.
Professional Relevance of and Demand for Space-and-Ecology Literate Tourism Specialists
Authors: Комиссарова Татьяна , Komissarova Tatyana , Нечаева Татьяна , Nechaeva Tatyana 
Published: March 2014

The article is devoted to the issues of developing spatial and ecological competence of students majoring in
tourism at secondary vocational education institutions, and the relevance of introducing the geo-ecological
aspect into the learning process with a view to improving the quality of training. The authors present a
block-structure model demonstrating the process of developing the spatial and ecological / earth-and environment competencies, analyse relevant empirical research, and provide the rationale for introducing
new educational standards of the third generation (discipline: ‘Geo-ecology and tourism’) into the 100401
«Tourism» curriculum.
Training Personnel for the Sports and Recreation Industry within the Frame of the Federal State Educational Standards of the Higher Professional Education
Authors: Павлов Евгений , Pavlov Evgeniy , Гониянц Степан , Goniyants Stepan 
Published: March 2014

The article deals with the issue of training personnel for the sports and recreation industry within the frame
of the federal state educational standards of the higher professional education. The authors provide statistics
on sports and recreation tourism development, present the structure of bachelor instruction in the direction
of preparation «Sports and Recreation Tourism», which embraces four subdirections of preparation, and
define the peculiarities of identifying subdirections of bachelor preparation.
Innovative Methods Applied to Teaching Students of Engineering
Authors: Бабенко Оксана , Babenko Oksana 
Published: March 2014

The article deals with OTSM-TRIZ-based innovative technology customized for teaching physics to bachelor
students majoring in engineering and designed to meet the requirements of the federal state educational
standards. The author holds that interactive training methods, and creative approaches to solving graphics
and complex tasks is requisite for mastering physics.
Development of a Family Vocational Guidance Potential as a Core Prerequisite to Successful Professional Self-Determination of Teenagers
Authors: Зеленкина  , Zelenkina Tatyana 
Published: March 2014

Optimized way to nurture parents’ readiness to guide vocational choice of their teenaged children is considered as a consistent element of vocational
guidance potential and is scientifically proved. What makes the paper theoretically important, is the fact that the author clarifies the meaning for quite
new concepts, as «family vocational guidance potential», «parents’ helpfulness», «successful vocational choice». Families are classified in terms of
vocational guidance potential; several limitations in vocational choices of children in each category of families are outlined and illustrated by pictures
and tables. Given the accented challenge of insufficient parents’ integration in vocational choices, made by their children, the idea of pilot testing
described here, has been to use capabilities of additional professional education establishments to better preparing parents to the mission of facilitating
the vocational choices of their children. As a result of parents-children cooperation, the parents are better prepared and eager to help their children in
professional self-determination on one hand, while teenagers make more thoughtful vocational choices, on the other hand. Significant results and
conclusions are provided, to prove reliability of researching hypothesis, put forward by the author.
Rotation and Bending Corrections for the SE(B) Specimen
Authors: Wallin Kim 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Standard tests with single-edge (bend) [SE(B)] specimens do not apply a rotation or bending correction. The load-line displacement (LLD) is generally used only for the estimation of the J integral. The compliance is preferably measured from the crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD). However, the standard equations assume that the measuring point lies at the specimen front face. With small specimens this is impractical, because the necessary cutout will decrease the effective crack length of specimen, thus reducing the constraint. If the CMOD measurement is above the front face, a special geometric rotation correction is required. Even in the case of front face measurements, a rotation correction is needed if the rotation of the specimen is large. When the LLD is used, an additional bending correction may be needed. The correction is needed because, with bending, both the effective span width, as well as the specimen cross-section dimensions will change. Bending makes the specimen appear stiffer than a straight specimen. If bend specimens are tested with the unloading compliance technique, the true crack extension will generally be underestimated, unless the measured compliance is corrected for rotation and bending. The underestimation will be a function of specimen dimensions and degree of bending, but it can, for smaller specimens, be as much as 35 %. Here new analytical rotation and bending corrections for the SE(B) specimen are proposed and validated.
InGaN structure influence on efficiency droop
Authors: Rabinovich Oleg 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTSimulation results of InGaN light-emitting diodes and efficiency droop are presented. A special method for investigating the changes in the semiconductor devices characteristics due to different influencing factors is developed.The cause of efficiency droop was detected-large difference in carrier lifetimes. The simulation results are used to suggest several techniques for improving LED efficiency up to 10-15 %.
Rare‐Earth (R) In‐Plane Ordering in Novel (Mo, R, Nb)4AlC3 Quinary o‐MAX Nanolaminates and their 2D Derivatives
Authors: Guo Hongyun , Fu Xiaoxiao , Peng Lishan , Wang Chaobo , Zhuang Yujuan , Chong He , Chen Zhaohui , Gong Weijiang , Yan Mi , Wang Qiang , Cui Weibin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNanolamellar transition metal carbides are gaining increasing attentions because of the promising application in energy storage of their 2D derivatives. There are in‐plane and out‐of‐plane atomic ordered occupations, which is thought to only be formed in separated systems due to totally different origins and crystallographic structure. In present work, starting from (Mo, Nb)4AlC3 o‐MAX phase where out‐of‐plane ordered occupation is experimentally and theoretically proved for Mo/Nb atoms, rare‐earth elements (R = Y, Gd‐Tm, Lu) are introduced, and the novel Mo3.33‐xR0.67NbxAlC3 (x = 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 2.25, and 2.5) super‐ordered (s‐) MAX phase is synthesized, where R is ordered at the outer layer in the strict stoichiometry meanwhile Mo/Nb maintains the out‐of‐plane ordered occupation. By R introduction, s‐MAX is easier to be delaminated to obtain the s‐MXene with the topochemical ordered vacancies, leading into the enhanced supercapacitance of 114.9 F g−1 in Mo1.33Nb2C3 s‐MXene compared with 95.1 F g−1 in Mo2Nb2C3 o‐MXene. By Pt anchoring, very low overpotential of 22 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 is achieved for HER applications. This study demonstrates a novel variety of s‐MAX phase and seeks to inspire further exploration of the ordered MAX and MXene families.
SOX12 Facilitates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression and Metastasis through Promoting Regulatory T‐Cells Infiltration and Immunosuppression
Authors: Luo Xiangyuan , Huang Wenjie , Li Siwen , Sun Mengyu , Hu Dian , Jiang Junqing , Zhang Zerui , Wang Yijun , Wang Yufei , Zhang Jiaqian , Wu Zhangfan , Ji Xiaoyu , Liu Danfei , Chen Xiaoping , Zhang Bixiang , Liang Huifang , Li Yiwei , Liu Bifeng , Wang Shuai , Xu Xiao , Nie Yongzhan , Wu Kaichun , Fan Daiming , Xia Limin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite the success of immunotherapy in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), HCC remains a severe threat to health. Here, a crucial transcription factor, SOX12, is revealed that induces the immunosuppression of liver tumor microenvironment. Overexpressing SOX12 in HCC syngeneic models increases intratumoral regulatory T‐cell (Treg) infiltration, decreases CD8+T‐cell infiltration, and hastens HCC metastasis. Hepatocyte‐specific SOX12 knockout attenuates DEN/CCl4‐induced HCC progression and metastasis, whereas hepatocyte‐specific SOX12 knock‐in accelerates these effects. Mechanistically, SOX12 transcriptionally activates C‐C motif chemokine ligand 22 (CCL22) expression to promote the recruitment and suppressive activity of Tregs. Moreover, SOX12 transcriptionally upregulates CD274 expression to suppress CD8+T‐cell infiltration. Either knockdown of CCL22 or PD‐L1 dampens SOX12‐mediated HCC metastasis. Blocking of CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4), a receptor for CCL22, by inhibitor C‐021 or Treg‐specific knockout of CCR4 inhibits SOX12‐mediated HCC metastasis. Transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1)/TGFβR1‐Smad2/3/4 is identified as a key upstream signaling for SOX12 overexpression in HCC cells. Combining C‐021 or TGFβR1 inhibitor galunisertib with anti‐PD‐L1 exhibits an enhanced antitumor effect in two HCC models. Collectively, the findings demonstrate that SOX12 contributes to HCC immunosuppression through the CCL22/CCR4‐Treg and PD‐L1‐CD8+T axes. Blocking of CCR4 or TGFβR1 improves the efficacy of anti‐PD‐L1 in SOX12‐mediated HCC.
Ultra‐Wide Interlayered WxMo2xSy Alloy Electrode Patterning through High‐Precision Controllable Photonic‐Synthesis
Authors: Tian Mengyao , Li Xin , Song Aisheng , Xu Chenyang , Yuan Yongjiu , Cheng Qian , Zuo Pei , Wang Sumei , Liang Misheng , Wang Ruoxi , Ma Tianbao , Qu Liangti , Jiang Lan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUltra‐thin 2D materials have great potential as electrodes for micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs) because of their facile ion transport channels. Here, a high‐precision controllable photonic‐synthesis strategy that provided 1 inch wafer‐scale ultra‐thin film arrays of alloyed WxMo2xSy with sulfur vacancies and expanded interlayer (13.2 Å, twice of 2H MoS2) is reported. This strategy regulates the nucleation and growth of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) on the picosecond or even femtosecond scale, which induces Mo–W alloying, interlayer expansion, and sulfur loss. Therefore, the diffusion barrier of WxMo2xSy is reduced, with charge transfer and ion diffusion enhancing. The as‐prepared symmetric MSCs with the size of 100 × 100 µm2 achieve ultrahigh specific capacitance (242.57 mF cm−2 and 242567.83 F cm−3), and energy density (21.56 Wh cm−3 with power density of 485.13 W cm3). The established synthesis strategy fits numerous materials, which provides a universal method for the flexible synthesis of electrodes in microenergy devices.