bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequence capture of ultraconserved elements from bird museum specimens
Authors: McCormack John E. , Tsai Whitney L.E. , Faircloth Brant C. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractNew DNA sequencing technologies are allowing researchers to explore the genomes of the millions of natural history specimens collected prior to the molecular era. Yet, we know little about how well specific next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques work with the degraded DNA typically extracted from museum specimens. Here, we use one type of NGS approach, sequence capture of ultraconserved elements (UCEs), to collect data from bird museum specimens as old as 120 years. We targeted approximately 5,000 UCE loci in 27 Western Scrub-Jays (Aphelocoma californica) representing three evolutionary lineages, and we collected an average of 3,749 UCE loci containing 4,460 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Despite older specimens producing fewer and shorter loci in general, we collected thousands of markers from even the oldest specimens. More sequencing reads per individual helped to boost the number of UCE loci we recovered from older specimens, but more sequencing was not as successful at increasing the length of loci. We detected contamination in some samples and determined contamination was more prevalent in older samples that were subject to less sequencing. For the phylogeny generated from concatenated UCE loci, contamination led to incorrect placement of some individuals. In contrast, a species tree constructed from SNPs called within UCE loci correctly placed individuals into three monophyletic groups, perhaps because of the stricter analytical procedures we used for SNP calling. This study and other recent studies on the genomics of museums specimens have profound implications for natural history collections, where millions of older specimens should now be considered genomic resources.
The next 20 years of genome research
Authors: Schatz Michael C. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe last 20 years have been a remarkable era for biology and medicine. One of the most significant achievements has been the sequencing of the first human genomes, which has laid the foundation for profound insights into human genetics, the intricacies of regulation and development, and the forces of evolution. Incredibly, as we look into the future over the next 20 years, we see the very real potential for sequencing more than one billion genomes, bringing with it even deeper insights into human genetics as well as the genetics of millions of other species on the planet. Realizing this great potential, though, will only be achieved through the integration and development of highly scalable computational and quantitative approaches can keep pace with the rapid improvements to biotechnology. In this perspective, we aim to chart out these future technologies, anticipate the major themes of research, and call out the challenges ahead. One of the largest shifts will be in the training used to prepare the class of 2035 for their highly interdisciplinary world.
Impact of China’s cooperation: the case of Chinese garages in Tanzania
Authors: Kinyondo Godbertha , Chatama Yuda Julius 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper was to investigate China ' s motive for its relations with Africa. Within that broad framework, the paper investigates China–Tanzania cooperation from an economic and social development perspective. It analyses the status of Chinese investments and, more specifically, it focuses on the increasing numbers of Chinese garages and assesses whether they have positive spill-over towards achievement of sustainable development.Design/methodology/approach– Case study was used; it involves an up-close, in-depth and detailed examination of the growth of Chinese garages in Tanzania, as well as its related contextual conditions including the overall impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the vehicle repair sector in Tanzania. Scholarly works from various sources including researchers as well as authoritative reports were consulted.Findings– The paper shows that there is an increase in Chinese garage investment which has brought significant benefits such as technology spill-over, increased employment albeit at low-level pay as well as functioning as a stimulus for Tanzanian self-employment.Practical implications– A free market environment which attracts significant FDI including Chinese garages should be strengthened. Chinese garages should not employ Chinese when there are Tanzanians with required expertise. Further research on the long history of relations between Tanzania and Scandinavian countries is better for comparison.Originality/value– The paper presents original findings based on scholarly work related to the growth of Chinese garage investments in Tanzania.
Till stress do us part: the causes and consequences of expatriate divorce
Authors: McNulty Yvonne 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– International relocation is undoubtedly a source of stress for families, and in particular for married couples. Yet, despite familial challenges and the fact that “family concerns” remain a top reason for assignment refusal and assignment failure, including a growing body of anecdotal evidence suggesting that many expatriate marriages fail often at huge cost to organizations, there is not one academic study yet published on expatriate divorce. The purpose of this paper is to empirically examine the causes and consequences of expatriate divorce.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this exploratory case-based study, the author uses respondent data from 13 face-to-face interviews and 25 online survey participants.

Findings
– Findings demonstrate that expatriate marriages end in divorce for two main reasons: first, a core issue in the marriage that exists before going abroad (e.g. alcoholism, mental health problems) and which continues while abroad; and second, when one or both spouses is negatively influenced by an expatriate culture to such an extent that a form of “group think” results in polarizing behavior that is counter to how they might behave “back home” (e.g. infidelity, sexual misconduct). The consequences of divorce for expatriates are immense and include bankruptcy, destitution, homelessness, depression, psychophysiological illness, alienation from children, and suicide.

Research limitations/implications
– Data are cross-sectional and findings are limited by single-response bias. Future studies would do well to research matched samples of couples engaging in global work experiences over different points in time in order to track longitudinal changes in marital quality, including why some go on to divorce while others recover from marital breakdown and stay married.

Practical implications
– One of the strongest pieces of advice offered by most of the respondents is for spouses, and trailing spouses in particular, to know their legal rights and entitlements in each country where they are living in the event of divorce.

Originality/value
– This is the first study to empirically explore the lived experience of expatriate divorce.
A qualitative study of older people with minimal care needs experiences of their admission to a nursing home with Registered Nurse care
Authors: Stevens Alice K. , Raphael Helen , Green Sue M. 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– Residential care for older people in the UK includes care homes with and without 24-hour Registered Nurse (RN) care. Reduced autonomy and personal wealth can result when people assessed as having minimal care needs, enter and reside in care homes with RN care. The purpose of this paper is to explore the experiences of older people with minimal care needs admission to care homes with RN care.

Design/methodology/approach
– A qualitative study using a grounded theory method was undertaken. In total, 12 care home with RN care residents assessed as not requiring nursing care were interviewed. Initial sampling was purposive and progressed to theoretical. Interviews were analysed using the grounded theory analysis method of constant comparison and theory development.

Findings
– Two main categories emerged: “choosing the path”, which concerned the decision to enter the home, and “settling in”, which related to adaptation to the environment. Findings suggested participants who perceived they had greater control over the decision-making process found it easier to settle in the care home. The two categories linked to form an emerging framework of “crossing the bridge” from independent living to care home resident.

Research limitations/implications
– The findings contribute to the understanding of factors influencing admission of older people with minimal care needs to care homes with RN care and highlight the importance of informed decision making.

Practical implications
– Health and social care professionals must give informed support and advice to older people seeking care options to ensure their needs are best met.

Originality/value
– This study enabled older people with minimal care needs admission to care homes with RN care to voice their experiences.
Economic impacts of the hotel industry: an input-output analysis
Authors: Kim Hyojin , Kim Byung-Gook 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to be limited to provide an overall economic structure linked with a particular hospitality industry by identifying the economic structure of relations between the two hotel industries and other industries within a particular state in the USA.Design/methodology/approach– The analyses of output, labor income and employment multipliers from the input–output system were performed using the IMPLAN 3.0 software. The study attempted to compare the hotel/motel industry (industry code 411) and the accommodations industry (industry code 412) with the top ten industries and averages of each set of multipliers to estimate the relative importance and contribution of the two hotel industries to the economy of Texas. After this comparison, the aggregated input–output tables and multipliers were prepared to determine the economic inter-relationship between the two combined hotel industries (industry code 411 plus industry code 412) and the non-hotel industries, using the criteria of the NAICS (North American Industry Classification System).Findings– The three findings of this study are summarized as follows. First, the two hotel industries impacted the state economy due to a high induced effect from output and a considerable direct, indirect and induced effect from labor income and employment, despite their relatively lower multipliers and the economic downturn in the state. Second, the hotel-related industry had a strong inter-dependent relationship with the finance and insurance-related industries. Finally, while the hotel industry generated more labor income and employment than did the other accommodations industry, it is interesting that the other accommodations industry created more output than did the hotel industry.Research limitations/implications– Other than limitations pertaining to assumptions of input-output model, an input-output analysis alone cannot become the best analytical method for decision-making. The study was a cross-sectional study with 2009 data and did not incorporate a time-series flow of the state economic structure over several decades. A study of the inter-relationship among varied states bordering the state could be worthwhile to identify the flow of inputs and outputs.Originality/value– Despite a considerable number of research in measuring the economic impacts, this paper was of great significance, in that the economic impact of the hotel industry that has never been performed in a particular state of the USA was analyzed. Additionally, these quantified economic data and results should be helpful to future plans and policies associated with the hotel industry.
Reversal of overdose on fentanyl being illicitly sold as heroin with naloxone nasal spray: A case report
Authors: Fareed Ayman , Buchanan‐Cummings Ann Marie , Crampton Kelli , Grant Angela , Drexler Karen 
Published: June 2015

BackgroundThis is a case report describing a reversal of fentanyl overdose with naloxone nasal spray. The patient was not aware that he overdosed on fentanyl being sold as heroin.MethodsThe Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has implemented an initiative to provide education for veterans, their families, friends and significant others about opioid overdose and use of naloxone reversal kits. The Atlanta VA Medical Center adopted this program to reduce the risk of opioid overdose in high risk patients.ResultsOver the past year, we provided educational sessions for 63 veterans and their families. We also prescribed 41 naloxone kits. We have received three reports of opioid overdose reversal with use of naloxone kits prescribed by the Atlanta VA Medical Center.Conclusions and Scientific significanceThe authors recommend that public health administrators and policy makers advocate for the implementation of these programs to reduce the rising number of overdose death in the United States and worldwide. (Am J Addict 2015;24:388 –390)
How common is frailty in older Australians?
Authors: Widagdo Imaina , Pratt Nicole , Russell Mary , Roughead Elizabeth 
Published: June 2015

AimTo determine the prevalence of frailty in a cohort of older Australians.MethodsFrailty status of the 2087 participants of the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing was assessed based on the questionnaire responses at the baseline interview. Frailty status and prevalence were assessed using four measures: two unidimensional measures (the Frailty Phenotype and Simplified Frailty Phenotype) and two multidimensional measures (Frailty Index and Prognostic Frailty Score). Agreement between the four measures was determined.ResultsThe multidimensional measures identified more people as frail (17.5 and 49.4%) than did the unidimensional (2 and 8.8%). There was little agreement between the measures; only 0.5% of the participants were identified as frail by all four measures.ConclusionsThe apparent prevalence of frailty varied when different measures were used. It is important for clinicians and researchers to be aware that different frailty measures may identify different groups of older people as frail.
Provenance of the Lower Triassic Bunter Sandstone Formation: implications for distribution and architecture of aeolian vs. fluvial reservoirs in the North German Basin
Authors: Olivarius Mette , Weibel Rikke , Friis Henrik , Boldreel Lars O. , Keulen Nynke , Thomsen Tonny B. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractZircon U–Pb geochronometry, heavy mineral analyses and conventional seismic reflection data were used to interpret the provenance of the Lower Triassic Bunter Sandstone Formation. The succession was sampled in five Danish wells in the northern part of the North German Basin. The results show that sediment supply was mainly derived from the Ringkøbing‐Fyn High situated north of the basin and from the Variscan belt located south of the basin. Seismic reflection data document that the Ringkøbing‐Fyn High was a local barrier for sediment transport during the Early Triassic. Hence, the Fennoscandian Shield did not supply much sediment to the basin as opposed to what was previously believed. Sediment from the Variscan belt was transported by wind activity across the North German Basin when it was dried out during deposition of the aeolian part of the Volpriehausen Member (lower Bunter Sandstone). Fluvial sand was supplied from the Ringkøbing‐Fyn High to the basin during precipitation events which occurred most frequently when the Solling Member was deposited (upper Bunter Sandstone). Late Neoproterozoic to Carboniferous zircon ages predominate in the Volpriehausen Member where the dominant age population with a peak age of 337 Ma corresponds to the culmination of Variscan high‐grade metamorphism, whereas a secondary age population with a peak at 300 Ma matches the timing of volcanism and magmatism at the Carboniferous/Permian boundary in the northern Variscan belt. Parts of the basement in the Ringkøbing‐Fyn High were outcropping during the Early Triassic and zircon ages similar to this Mesoproterozoic basement are present in the Bunter Sandstone. The heavy mineral assemblage of the Solling Member is uniform and has a high garnet content compared to the contemporaneous sediments in the Norwegian‐Danish Basin and in the southern part of the North German Basin. This finding confirms that a local source in the Ringkøbing‐Fyn High supplied most of the fluvial sediment in the northern part of the North German Basin. The northernmost part of the Bunter Sandstone is situated on a platform area that is separated from the basin area by a broad WNW–ESE‐oriented fault zone. The most promising reservoir in the basin area is the aeolian Volpriehausen Member since the sandstone has a wide lateral distribution and a constant thickness. The alluvial to ephemeral fluvial Solling Member may be a good reservoir in the platform area and marginal basin area, but the complex sand‐body architecture makes it difficult to predict the reservoir quality.
Laparoscopic rectopexy is feasible and safe in the emergency admission setting
Authors: Bloemendaal A. L. A. , Mishra A. , Nicholson G. A. , Jones O. M. , Lindsey I. , Hompes R. , Cunningham C. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAimExternal rectal prolapse may require emergency admission in the elderly and comorbid population. We report the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic ventral rectopexy in patients having an emergency admission with external rectal prolapse.MethodA retrospective analysis was performed of a prospective database of all rectopexies performed from 2006. Outcome and follow‐up data were assessed.ResultsOf 812 rectopexies performed, 28 were included for analysis. The mean length of hospital stay was 13.0 days. All operations were completed successfully and without intra‐operative complications. Four patients developed a postoperative complication. Two patients developed a recurrence of prolapse.ConclusionLaparoscopic correction of rectal prolapse following emergency admission is both feasible and safe. It can be considered for both recurring cases and cases with multiple comorbidities.
Schooling and Local Knowledge for Collecting Wild Honey inSouthIndia: Balancing Multifaceted Educations?
Authors: Demps Kathryn , Dougherty Jennifer , MG Jenukalla , Zorondo‐Rodríguez Francisco , Reyes‐García Victoria , García Claude 
Published: June 2015

AbstractFor indigenous populations, schooling and local knowledge systems may be at odds. Understanding indigenous learning systems can help mitigate conflicts between acquisition of local ecological knowledge and academic knowledge. Among boys and men of the Jenu Kuruba of SouthIndia, we compare levels of schooling and local knowledge related to wild honey collection, a central domain of male local ecological knowledge. For boys, school attendance, but not performance, negatively correlates with local knowledge related to honey collecting. Men's local knowledge for this activity negatively correlates with years of schooling, but their practical skills either neutrally or slightly positively associate with schooling. Different learning patterns between domains of knowledge can explain variation in trends of local knowledge loss. Findings suggest that schooling mostly affects knowledge of activities that are not classroom‐adaptable that people perform during school hours.
Through the Generations:VictoryGardens for Tomorrow's Tables
Authors: Andreatta Susan L. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis paper briefly looks into the past whereVictoryGardens were considered a patriotic act. Today, would such gardens help with climate change and reduce the number of food deserts? The paper also touches on community gardens and seeks other ideas for connecting people to growing local food at their home or in community environments and to sharing the harvest. Lastly, it looks at dual purposing farmland use for generating power as well as growing produce with a new method called agrivoltaic production. The overall intent of the paper is to get readers to be thinking about applied agriculture and food projects they can do as class projects, at their place of residence, and in their communities.
Nse1 and Nse4, subunits of the Smc5–Smc6 complex, are involved in Dictyostelium development upon starvation
Authors: Taniura Hideo , Tanabe Naoya , Bando Yumi , Arai Natsumi 
Published: June 2015

The Smc5–Smc6 complex contains a heterodimeric core of two SMC proteins and non‐Smc elements (Nse1–6), and plays an important role in DNA repair. We investigated the functional roles of Nse4 and Nse1 in Dictyostelium discoideum. Nse4 and Nse3 expressed as Flag‐tagged fusion proteins were highly enriched in nuclei, while Nse1 was localized in whole cells. Using yeast two‐hybrid assays, only the interaction between Nse3 and Nse1 was detected among the combinations. However, all of the interactions among these three proteins were recognized by co‐immunoprecipitation assay using cell lysates prepared from the cells expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐ or Flag‐tagged fusion proteins. GFP‐tagged Nse1, which localized in whole cells, was translocated to nuclei when co‐expressed with Flag‐tagged Nse3 or Nse4. RNAi‐mediated Nse1 and Nse4 knockdown cells (Nse1 KD and Nse4 KD cells) were generated and found to be more sensitive to UV‐induced cell death than control cells. Upon starvation, Nse1 and Nse4 KD cells had increases in the number of smaller fruiting bodies that formed on non‐nutrient agar plates or aggregates that formed under submerged culture. We found a reduction in the mRNA level of pdsA, in vegetative and 8 h‐starved Nse4 KD cells, and pdsA knockdown cells displayed effects similar to Nse4 KD cells. Our results suggest that Nse4 and Nse1 are involved in not only the cellular DNA damage response but also cellular development in D. discoideum.
The artificial pancreas: evaluating risk of hypoglycaemia following errors that can be expected with prolonged at‐home use
Authors: Wolpert H. , Kavanagh M. , Atakov‐Castillo A. , Steil G. M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAimsArtificial pancreas systems show benefit in closely monitored at‐home studies, but may not have sufficient power to assess safety during infrequent, but expected, system or user errors. The aim of this study was to assess the safety of an artificial pancreas system emulating the β–cell when the glucose value used for control is improperly calibrated and participants forget to administer pre‐meal insulin boluses.MethodsArtificial pancreas control was performed in a clinic research centre on three separate occasions each lasting from 10 p.m. to 2 p.m. Sensor glucose values normally used for artificial pancreas control were replaced with scaled blood glucose values calculated to be 20% lower than, equal to or 33% higher than the true blood glucose. Safe control was defined as blood glucose between 3.9 and 8.3 mmol/l.ResultsArtificial pancreas control resulted in fasting scaled blood glucose values not different from target (6.67 mmol/l) at any scaling factor. Meal control with scaled blood glucose 33% higher than blood glucose resulted in supplemental carbohydrate to prevent hypoglycaemia in four of six participants during breakfast, and one participant during the night. In all instances, scaled blood glucose reported blood glucose as safe.ConclusionsOutpatient trials evaluating artificial pancreas performance based on sensor glucose may not detect hypoglycaemia when sensor glucose reads higher than blood glucose. Because these errors are expected to occur, in‐hospital artificial pancreas studies using supplemental carbohydrate in anticipation of hypoglycaemia, which allow safety to be assessed in a controlled non‐significant environment should be considered as an alternative. Inpatient studies provide a definitive alternative to model‐based computer simulations and can be conducted in parallel with closely monitored outpatient artificial pancreas studies used to assess benefit.