bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calculation and Thematic Mapping of Demographic Parameters forHomalodisca vitripennis(Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in California
Authors: Pilkington Leigh J , Lewis Michael , Jeske Daniel , Hoddle Mark S 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe reproductive and developmental biology, including life tables, for Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), the glassy-winged sharpshooter, were quantiﬁed at four constant temperatures in the laboratory: 20, 25, 30, and 33°C. Mean time from egg oviposition to adult death and mean female adult longevity was greatest at 25°C. Mean total progeny production was greatest at 25°C at 214 eggs per individual. The percentage of females ovipositing at each experimental temperature was relatively low at 22, 46, and 56% at 20, 25, and 30°C, respectively. No oviposition occurred at 33°C. Upper, lower, and optimal developmental thresholds were calculated for all life stages, and for egg to adult emergence these were 35.95, 13.99, and 29.45°C, respectively. Key demographic parameters were calculated and intrinsic rate of increase and net reproductive rate were highest at 30 and 25°Cat 0.04 and 40.21 d, respectively.Meangeneration times and population doubling times were lowest at 25 (97.66 d) and 30°C (15.51 d). Modeling of demographic parameters indicated that approximately three generations of H. vitripennis per year are needed for the existence of permanent populations. Historical weather data were used to map the number of generations and estimate net reproductive rates for H. vitripennis throughout California. Data presented here will be useful for modeling and estimating the possible invasion success of H. vitripennis in areas other than California.
Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX for Borderline Resectable Pancreas Cancer: A New Treatment Paradigm?
Authors: Christians Kathleen K. , Tsai Susan , Mahmoud Anna , Ritch Paul , Thomas James P. , Wiebe Lauren , Kelly Tracy , Erickson Beth , Wang Huamin , Evans Douglas B. , George Ben 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Background.
Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer is best treated by multimodality therapy. FOLFIRINOX (5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and leucovorin) tripled the response rate and significantly increased median survival for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer and shows promise for neoadjuvant use. Toxicity concerns prompted a careful analysis of our initial FOLFIRINOX experience.

Methods.
All patients diagnosed with borderline resectable, biopsy-proven pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX between July 2010 and December 2012 were reviewed. Primary outcome was surgical resectability. Secondary outcomes were treatment-related toxicities and survival.

Results.
FOLFIRINOX followed by gemcitabine- or capecitabine-based chemoradiation was initiated in 18 patients. The most common grade 3 or 4 toxicities during chemotherapy were gastrointestinal, including nausea/emesis (n = 5), weight loss (n = 3) and diarrhea (n = 2), and hematologic (n = 2; neutropenia); five patients (36%) required a total of six admissions. Neoadjuvant therapy was completed in 15 of 18 patients (83%), and 12 (67%) underwent pancreatectomy (10 Whipple, 2 total pancreatectomy) including portal vein resection/reconstruction in 10 (83%). Disease progression precluded surgery in 6 of the 18 patients (33%). All 12 resected patients had negative (R0) margins. Only 2 of 12 (17%) were node positive (median node count: 26.5 [range: 15–39]). There were no in-hospital or 30-day mortalities and no clinical pancreatic leaks or reoperations. Of the 12 patients who completed all intended therapy, 7 (58.3%) are alive, including 5 who have no evidence of disease (median months from diagnosis: 22 months [range: 18–35 months). The six patients who did not complete all planned therapy are deceased (months from diagnosis: 6.9–17.5 months).

Conclusion.
FOLFIRINOX followed by chemoradiation as neoadjuvant therapy for borderline resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma is safe, and our initial experience suggests favorable resection rates compared with previous reports in this high-risk patient population.
Effect of Place of Residence and Treatment on Survival Outcomes in Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in British Columbia
Authors: Lee Benny , Goktepe Ozge , Hay Kevin , Connors Joseph M. , Sehn Laurie H. , Savage Kerry J. , Shenkier Tamara , Klasa Richard , Gerrie Alina , Villa Diego 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Background.
We examined the relationship between location of residence at the time of diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and health outcomes in a geographically large Canadian province with publicly funded, universally available medical care.

Patients and Methods.
The British Columbia Cancer Registry was used to identify all patients 18–80 years of age diagnosed with DLBCL between January 2003 and December 2008. Home and treatment center postal codes were used to determine urban versus rural status and driving distance to access treatment.

Results.
We identified 1,357 patients. The median age was 64 years (range: 18–80 years), 59% were male, 50% were stage III/IV, 84% received chemotherapy with curative intent, and 32% received radiotherapy. There were 186 (14%) who resided in rural areas, 141 (10%) in small urban areas, 183 (14%) in medium urban areas, and 847 (62%) in large urban areas. Patient and treatment characteristics were similar regardless of location. Five-year overall survival (OS) was 62% for patients in rural areas, 44% in small urban areas, 53% in medium urban areas, and 60% in large urban areas (p = .018). In multivariate analysis, there was no difference in OS between rural and large urban area patients (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.7–1.4), although patients in small urban areas (HR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.0–2.0) and medium urban areas (HR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.0–1.9) had worse OS than those in large urban areas.

Conclusion.
Place of residence at diagnosis is associated with survival of patients with DLBCL in British Columbia, Canada. Rural patients have similar survival to those in large urban areas, whereas patients living in small and medium urban areas experience worse outcomes.
Characterization of the Microbial Community in the Rhizosphere ofPhragmites australis(Cav.) Trin ex. Steudel Growing in the Sun Island Wetland
Authors: Ma Fang , Wu Jieting , Wang Li , Yang Jixian , Li Shiyang , Li Zhe , Zhag Xue 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT: Rhizospheric microorganisms are important for environmental conservancy. The constancy and variability of the microorganisms in the rhizosphere of Phragmites australis in relation to the spatiotemporal variations in wetland ecosystems were studied. During the peak and trough of the vegetative period of the Phragmites australis growing across the hydrologic gradients of the Sun Island Wetland, Biolog and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) were used to investigate the rhizospheric microbial characteristics. Both methods demonstrated that the microbial activity, richness, and diversity decreased from summer to autumn. However, these properties did not show significant correlation with hydrologic gradient, except that the genetic richness and diversity of the fungi decreased with it. Cluster analysis also demonstrated that the rhizospheric microbial community seemed to be largely affected by a vegetative period. In addition, this research was extended to a broader range of determining the universal microorganisms, which showed notable adaptability.
Mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol sponge under different strain rates
Authors: Karimi Alireza , Navidbakhsh Mahdi , Yousefi Hossein 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a suitable material for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. This paper presents a scientific study on the stiffness, strength, and energy absorption characteristics of a fabricated PVA sponge under different strain rates with a view to using it as an alternative biodegradable and biocompatible material. A range of tensile tests, such as stress failure and cyclic, on PVA sponge have been carried out. The stress–strain curves in all strain rates (1, 20, 100 mm min−1) indicated a near constant plateau stress over a long strain range, which is ideal for energy absorption applications. It was found that the PVA sponge biomaterial exhibited remarkable stiffness, strength, and energy absorption capacities that are comparable to those of some biomaterials with the same density range. PVA sponge can also bear suitable stress both at low and high strain rates which enables it to be implemented in most tissue engineering scaffolds.
Effect of Ni-based conversion coating and Ni–P electroless plating on the bonding process of pure Al and AZ31 alloy
Authors: Jie Jinchuan , Zhao Jialei , Chen Hang , Fu Ying , Cao Zhiqiang , Li Tingju 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
For the first time, the present study investigates the preparation of Al/Mg bimetal using Ni-based conversion plating and Ni–P electroless plating by means of diffusion bonding. In this study, AZ31 alloy was coated with an Ni-based interlayer by conversion plating and an Ni–P interlayer by electroless plating; the Al/Mg bimetallic materials were prepared by diffusion bonding in an air atmosphere. For conversion plating, the thickness of the Ni-based layer is several hundred nanometers. When heat-treated at 450 °C for 90 min, most of the interfaces between Al and AZ31 alloy bond together well. For electroless plating, the thickness of the Ni – P layer is about 10 μm for a plating time of 60 min. When heat-treated at 450 °C for 150 min, good bonding between pure Al and AZ31 can be obtained.
Microwave-assisted modulated synthesis of zirconium-based metal–organic framework (Zr-MOF) for hydrogen storage applications
Authors: Ren Jianwei , Segakweng Tshiamo , Langmi Henrietta W. , Musyoka Nicholas M. , North Brian C. , Mathe Mkhulu , Bessarabov Dmitri 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Zirconium-based metal–organic framework (Zr-MOF) was synthesized using a microwave-assisted modulated method in a short reaction time of 5 min. The Zr-MOF material was highly crystalline with well-defined octahedral shaped crystals, and it exhibited comparable hydrogen storage capacity to Zr-MOF of similar specific surface area synthesized using conventional methods with much longer synthesis time.
Imaging of nano-seeded nucleation in cement pastes by X-ray diffraction tomography
Authors: Artioli Gilberto , Valentini Luca , Dalconi Maria Chiara , Parisatto Matteo , Voltolini Marco , Russo Vincenzo , Ferrari Giorgio 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The 3D phase distribution of cement pastes evolves during hydration and controls the rheology and mechanical properties of the paste. Synchrotron powder-diffraction micro-tomographic imaging is here employed to assess the cement phase spatial distribution in a totally non-invasive way. This technique can be used to produce distribution maps of the phases present in the hydrating cement paste. The method is applied to an ordinary Portland cement, hydrated in pure water or in the presence of nucleation seeds. The quantitative description of the phase spatial distribution by radial distribution functions allows the discrimination of different nucleation mechanisms.
Combined use of micro computed tomography and histology to evaluate the regenerative capacity of bone grafting materials
Authors: Stalder Anja K. , Ilgenstein Bernd , Chicherova Natalia , Deyhle Hans , Beckmann Felix , Müller Bert , Hieber Simone E. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Pre-clinical animal models are commonly used to evaluate the osteogenic potential of bone grafting materials in-vivo. Based on the histology analysis, the currently commercially available bone grafting materials show comparable results with respect to biocompatibility, incorporation and remodeling. In the present pilot study we introduce a methodology to compare calcium phosphate-based bone grafting materials from world-leading companies in clinical trials and analyze them by means of established histology and synchrotron radiation-based micro computed tomography (SRμCT). The results indicate that the morphology of the bony structures depends on the selected bone grafting material and that an arbitrarily selected histological slice can lead to misleading conclusions. Complementary μCT data can become the basis for the identification of a representative slice. The registration of the selected histological slice with its counterpart in the three-dimensional μCT dataset was performed both visually and automatically with well comparable results. This registration allows for the compilation of a joint histogram to identify anatomical features, which can neither be extracted from histology nor from μCT data on their own. Accordingly, μCT will become an integral part of studies on the efficacy of bone augmentation materials and beyond.
Assessing the grain structure of highly X-ray absorbing metallic alloys
Authors: Bormann Therese , Beckmann Felix , Schinhammer Michael , Deyhle Hans , Wild Michael de , Müller Bert 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Selective laser melting allows the fabrication of NiTi implants with pre-defined, complex shapes. The control of the process parameters regulates the arrangement of the granular microstructure of the NiTi alloy. We prepared specimens with elongated grains, which build a sound basis for diffraction contrast tomography experiments using synchrotron radiation and for electron backscatter diffraction measurements. Both approaches reveal the orientation and size of the individual grains within the specimen. Still, electron backscatter diffraction is confined to two-dimensional cross-sections while diffraction contrast tomography reveals these microstructural features in three dimensions. We demonstrate that the grains in the selective laser melted specimen, which are oriented along the building direction, do not exhibit a well-defined planar grain orientation but are twisted. These twisted grains give rise to diffraction spots observable for several degrees of specimen rotation simultaneously to the acquisition of tomography data.
Movement and Moment: In-between Discreteness and Continuity
Authors: Douglas Anne , Coessens Kathleen 
Published: February 2014

This paper explores a paradox. We breathe in, and then out. We walk by making paces, alternating left and right feet. Walking and breathing are made up of discrete intervals of space and time, involuntary actions of the living body, sustaining continuity. Continuity in movement is constituted by its opposite. The necessity to transpose the weight of our body between first the left and then the right foot creates motion. By analysing these discrete movements, it becomes possible to transpose them into languages of signs and symbols – notation, drawing, documenting what has happened to inform what might happen. Creativity intervenes, allowing us to vary the patterns playfully, because it is possible to do so with this kind of notational knowledge or trace. Languages of form building in art thereby constitute an effective, visual, embodied method of understanding how the body moves: a complex dialogue between gravity's pull towards stasis, the centre of the earth, countered by the urge to move from that centre into motion, into life.We will take two examples of artistic processes: one in the visual arts and the other, musical performance to explore how notational practices such as scores that are used by artists in the process of developing their work, can and do inform understandings of embodiment more generally.
Retrospective evaluation of canine and feline maxillomandibular trauma cases
Authors: Mulherin B. L. , Soukup J. W. , Hetzel S. , Snyder C. J. 
Published: February 2014

SummaryObjectives: To determine differences in signalment between maxillomandibular (MM) and non-maxillomandibular (non-MM) trauma patients to help predict the type of injury sustained.Methods: A medical records database was searched from December 2003 to September 2012 to identify all MM trauma patients. A random sample of non-MM trauma patients was generated for comparison. Patient species, age, sex, weight, and injury aetiology were recorded for both populations.Results: Sixty-seven MM trauma patients and 129 non-MM trauma patients were identified. Feline patients were almost twice as likely to be presented for MM trauma compared with non-MM trauma. The median weight of canine patients suffering MM injury was significantly less than that of non- MM patients (p = 0.025). A significant association existed between the causes of injuries associated with MM and non-MM trauma populations (p = 0.000023). The MM trauma patients were more likely to sustain injury as a result of an animal altercation (Bonferroni p = 0.001) while non-MM injuries were more likely to result from motor vehicle accidents (Bonferroni p = 0.001). Overall, animals that were less than one year of age with traumatic injuries were overrepresented (65/196) in comparison to the entire patient population.Clinical significance: The results of this study may help guide clinicians in the evaluation and screening of trauma patients that are presented as an emergency. Cats, small dogs and animals suffering from animal altercations should all be closely evaluated for MM injury.
Development and characterization of 32 microsatellite loci in Genipa americana (Rubiaceae)
Authors: Manoel Ricardo O. , Freitas Miguel L. M. , Barreto Mariana A. , Moraes Mário L. T. , Souza Anete P. , Sebbenn Alexandre M. 
Published: February 2014

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite primers were developed for the tree species Genipa americana (Rubiaceae) for further population genetic studies.• Methods and Results: We identified 144 clones containing 65 repeat motifs from a genomic library enriched for (CT)8 and (GT)8 motifs. Primer pairs were developed for 32 microsatellite loci and validated in 40 individuals of two natural G. americana populations. Seventeen loci were polymorphic, revealing from three to seven alleles per locus. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.24 to 1.00 and from 0.22 to 0.78, respectively.• Conclusions: The 17 primers identified as polymorphic loci are suitable to study the genetic diversity and structure, mating system, and gene flow in G. americana.
Mastitogenic bacteria isolated from dairy cows in Kenya and their antimicrobial sensitivity
Authors: Gitau George K. , Bundi Royford M. , Vanleeuwen John , Mulei Charles M. 
Published: February 2014

There is limited epidemiological knowledge on udder health in Kenyan dairy cattle that would aid in a pro-active approach towards mastitis prevention. The study objectives were: (1) to investigate the prevalence and distribution of clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle in Mukurwe-ini and Nakuru Districts, Kenya, and (2) to determine the antibacterial sensitivity of the organisms causing bovine mastitis in these districts. The study involved field-screening of milk samples from 241 dairy cows on 128 farms by use of the California Mastitis Test (CMT) and, if CMT-positive, followed by bacteriological culture of the major causative agents and their respective antibiotic sensitivity to eight commonly used antibiotics. All participating farms were visited twice during the study period. The results obtained during the first and second visits showed the prevalence of clinical mastitis to be very low: 0.9% and 0.5%, respectively; 56.0% and 65.0% of cows were CMT-positive on at least one quarter and 49.6% and 58.7% of cows were culture-positive, respectively. There was no significant difference in mastitis prevalence between Nakuru and Mukurwe-ini districts (p > 0.10). Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 68.0% and 77.0% of samples during the first and second visits, respectively. Other frequently isolated agents included Streptococcus agalactiae, and other Streptococcus spp., S. aureus and S. agalactiae were most sensitive to gentamycin and norfloxacin, and least sensitive to cotrimazole and ampicillin. Knowing the prevalence of mastitogenic organisms and their antibiotic sensitivities could improve treatment efficacy and cow longevity.
Aneurysmatic bone cyst of the craniocervical region: Surgical technique
Authors: Joaquim Andrei Fernandes , Giacomini Leonardo , Ghizoni Enrico , Tedeschi Helder 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTAneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are nonneoplastic bone lesions that may originate of any site of skeleton. The spine can be affect up to 30% of the cases, leading to pain, neurological deficits, and pathological fractures in symptomatic patients. The incidence of craniocervical (occipito-C1-2) occurrence is not known. We describe the surgical technique and clinical results of two patients with craniocervical ABCs that underwent primary surgical resection: An 11-year-old girl with a lesion in the posterior aspect of the atlas, and a 28-year-old man with an important hydrocephalus and a posterior expansible lesion on the left side of his posterior fossa. Total resection was achieved on both lesions, with no surgical morbidity. Even though ABCs are nonneoplastic lesions, subtotal resection is associated with early recurrence. The knowledge of the anatomy of the region in order to achieve the occlusion of arterial feeders prior to surgical resection itself is the key point of the surgical strategy.
Guillain-Barre syndrome with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
Authors: Banakar Basavaraj F. , Pujar Guruprasad S. , Bhargava Amita , Khichar Shubhkaran 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTPosterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinicoradiologic entity commonly associated with eclampsia, septicemia, chemotherapeutic drugs etc. Concurrent occurrence of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) with PRES is a rare entity. Dysautonomia is a proposed mechanism for such occurrence. Here we present a non-diabetic, non-hypertensive 63-year-old male patient, who came with acute onset flaccid quadriparesis, developing generalized seizures, altered sensorium and raised blood pressure on fifth day of illness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain showed altered signal intensities involving the parieto-occipital areas suggestive of posterior reversible encephalopathy. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed albuminocytological dissociation, nerve conduction studies revealed demyelinating type of polyneuropathy. The patient was treated with antihypertensives and antiepileptics. After resolution of the encephalopathy, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) was given. The patient recovered gradually over few months. Our case concludes GBS as independent risk factor, for PRES may be secondary to dysautonomia and physicians should be aware of such rare coexistence so that early treatment can be done to reduce the mortality and morbidity.
Neonatal meningitis complicating with pneumocephalus
Authors: Kumari Anita , Agrawal Satish C. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTPneumocephalus is a rare condition characterized by the presence of gas within the cranial cavity. This gas may arise either from a trauma, a tumor, a surgical, or a diagnostic procedure or occasionally from an infection. Pneumocephalus as a complication of bacterial meningitis, in absence of trauma or a procedure, is extremely rare, particularly in a newborn. A case of pneumocephalus occurring in a baby, suffering from neonatal meningitis, acquired probably through unsafe cutting and tying of the cord, is reported here. Cutting, tying, and care of the umbilical cord is of utmost importance to prevent neonatal infection as the same is a potential cause of serious anaerobic infections, besides tetanus.
The Mediating Morphism of the Multilinear Optimal Map
Authors: Vong Seak-Weng , Jin Xiao-Qing , Wang Jin-Hua 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIn this short note, we study a relation between the tensor product of matrices and a multilinear map defined by the optimal operator. In this particular case, the linear transform (mediating morphism) hidden in the abstract definition of the general tensor product can be determined explicitly.