bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mentorship and the Professional Development of Culturally Responsive Evaluators in the American Evaluation Association's Graduate Education Diversity Internship (GEDI) Program
Authors: Gómez Ricardo L. , Ali Asma , Casillas Wanda 
Published: September 2014

AbstractIn this study, we used Q methodology to investigate perspectives on mentorship among alumni of the Graduate Education Diversity Internship (GEDI) program. We asked participants to think retrospectively and give their opinion on the most important characteristics a GEDI mentor should have, based on what they would have liked or needed when they participated in the GEDI program. Three different perspectives on mentoring emerged from participants. They show that mentoring is not unidimensional; that perceptions and expectations of mentoring are defined to a great extent by the professional needs, background, and expectation of the participants. We suggest that the program takes those needs and expectations into consideration and use them as criteria for selecting mentors.
Socializing Emerging Evaluators: The Use of Mentoring to Develop Evaluation Competence
Authors: Bertrand Jones Tamara 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe interdisciplinary nature of evaluation necessitates that emerging evaluators, those within the first five years in the evaluation profession, operate competently within the profession, and receive an extensive and deliberate socialization to the field. Mentoring is a key component to integrating these new evaluators into the field and one way that socialization takes place. In this chapter, survey data from GEDI participants are used to describe how the Graduate Education Diversity Internship (GEDI) program influences the socialization of diverse emerging scholars, specifically using mentoring relationships to facilitate the development of evaluation competence. Survey data exploring the interns’ formal and informal mentoring relationships suggest that informal mentoring relationships were more effective and yield more support for psychosocial development and exposure to evaluation‐related knowledge and competence in comparison with formal mentoring relationships.
Topology optimisation for natural convection problems
Authors: Alexandersen Joe , Aage Niels , Andreasen Casper Schousboe , Sigmund Ole 
Published: September 2014

SummaryThis paper demonstrates the application of the density‐based topology optimisation approach for the design of heat sinks and micropumps based on natural convection effects. The problems are modelled under the assumptions of steady‐state laminar flow using the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations coupled to the convection‐diffusion equation through the Boussinesq approximation. In order to facilitate topology optimisation, the Brinkman approach is taken to penalise velocities inside the solid domain and the effective thermal conductivity is interpolated in order to accommodate differences in thermal conductivity of the solid and fluid phases. The governing equations are discretised using stabilised finite elements and topology optimisation is performed for two different problems using discrete adjoint sensitivity analysis. The study shows that topology optimisation is a viable approach for designing heat sink geometries cooled by natural convection and micropumps powered by natural convection. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flooding in urban drainage systems: coupling hyperbolic conservation laws for sewer systems and surface flow
Authors: Borsche R. , Klar A. 
Published: September 2014

SUMMARYIn this paper, we propose a model for a sewer network coupled to surface flow and investigate it numerically. In particular, we present a new model for the manholes in storm sewer systems. It is derived using the balance of the total energy in the complete network. The resulting system of equations contains, aside from hyperbolic conservation laws for the sewer network and algebraic relations for the coupling conditions, a system of ODEs governing the flow in the manholes. The manholes provide natural points for the interaction of the sewer system and the runoff on the urban surface modeled by shallow‐water equations. Finally, a numerical method for the coupled system is presented. In several numerical tests, we study the influence of the manhole model on the sewer system and the coupling with 2D surface flow. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bringing out the Potential of Wild‐type Cytochrome P450s using Decoy Molecules: Oxygenation of Nonnative Substrates by Bacterial Cytochrome P450s
Authors: Shoji Osami , Watanabe Yoshihito 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTo bring out the potential of wild‐type cytochrome P450s, we have developed a series of “decoy molecules” to change their high substrate specificity without any mutagenesis. Decoy molecules are inert dummy substrates with structures that are very similar to those of natural substrates. The decoy molecules force long‐alkyl‐chain fatty acid hydroxylases (P450BSβ, P450SPα, and P450BM3) to generate the active species and to catalyze oxidation of various substrates other than fatty acids. Interestingly, the catalytic activity was highly dependent on the structure of decoy molecules. Furthermore, the enantioselectivity of reactions catalyzed by P450BSβ and P450SPα was also dependent on the structure of decoy molecules. The decoy molecule system allows us to control reactions catalyzed by wild‐type enzymes by designing decoy molecules.
Protein Needles as Molecular Templates for Artificial Metalloenzymes
Authors: Inaba Hiroshi , Kitagawa Susumu , Ueno Takafumi 
Published: September 2014

AbstractConstruction of artificial metalloenzymes based on protein assemblies is a promising strategy for the development of new catalysts, because the three‐dimensional nanostructures of proteins with defined individual sizes can be used as molecular platforms that allow the arrangement of catalytic active centers on their surfaces. Protein needles/tubes/fibers are suitable for supporting various functional molecules, including metal complexes, synthetic molecules, metal nanoparticles, and enzymes with high densities and precise locations. Compared with bulk systems, the protein tube‐ and fiber‐based materials have higher activities for catalytic reactions and electron transfer, as well as enhanced functions when used in electronic devices. The natural and synthetic protein tubes and fibers are constructed by self‐assembly of monomer proteins or peptides. For more precise designs of arrangements of metal complexes, we have developed a new conceptual framework, based on the isolation of a robust needle structure from the cell‐puncturing domains of a bacteriophage. The artificial protein needle shows great promise for use in creating efficient catalytic systems by providing the means to arrange the locations of various metal complexes on the protein surface. In this account, we discuss the recent development of protein needle‐based metalloenzymes, and the future developments we are anticipating in this field.
Concerns regarding nanosized titanium dioxide nasal exposure and neurotoxicity study by Ze et al.
Authors: Bencsik Anna , Lestaevel Philippe 
Published: September 2014

AbstractScientific articles dealing with nanotoxicology are particularly awaited and important, as in the field of nanotechnology, a relatively new domain; they likely have a significant impact not only on our perception of the risk and danger potentially associated with nanomaterials but also on regulatory decisions with regard to their use in consumer products. Because nanotoxicology refers to the work of researchers from different domains of expertise, it appears also more difficult to secure accurate review and thus accurate conclusions. In that context, particular attention must be drawn on these studies. Still for the readers of such articles, of which most of are not experts in several aspects of nanotoxicology it would be tempting to take the messages for granted, thinking the studies are well conducted and reported with accuracy. In the case of the article by Ze and colleagues, we have noticed a certain number of critical comments that should be brought to the attention of the readers of J. Biomed Mater res A, because this study presents several problems. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 2198–2200, 2015.
Fermentation brines from Spanish style green table olives processing: treatment alternatives before recycling or recovery operations
Authors: Ferrer‐Polonio Eva , Iborra‐Clar Alicia , Mendoza‐Roca José A , Pastor‐Alcañiz Laura 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDFermentation brine from Spanish style green table olives processing (FTOP) is characterized by very high conductivity (around 88 mS cm‐1), high values of suspended solids (near 1300 mg L‐1), chemical oxygen demand (around 17 900 mg L‐1) and total phenols (1000 mg L‐1). In this work, fermentation brines have been exhaustively characterized and pH adjustment–sedimentation, coagulation–flocculation–sedimentation and adsorption with activated carbon have been evaluated.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSThe pretreatment selection will depend on the final FTOP management. If no polyphenols elimination is required in view of a further recovery, the best pretreatment is pH adjustment to 9 plus sedimentation. The removal efficiencies achieved were 33.1% suspended solids, 82.5% turbidity and only 10.4% of polyphenols. However, if the final FTOP treatment was biological, the best pretreatment is adsorption with powder active carbon, because this pretreatment implies the maximum reduction of phenols in FTOP, which inhibit microorganism activity in the biological process. The maximum total phenols removal efficiency was 96% with 8 g L‐1 of BM8 powder activated carbon (21% soluble COD). © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Transverse relaxivity of iron oxide nanocrystals clustered in nanoemulsions: Experiment and theory
Authors: Hak Sjoerd , Goa Pål Erik , Stenmark Sebastian , Bjerkholt Frøydis F. , Haraldseth Olav 
Published: September 2014

PurposeTo compare experimental transverse relaxivities of iron oxide nanocrystals (IONC) as a function of clustering and magnetic field strength with different theoretical model predictions.Theory and MethodsWell‐defined IONC clusters in nanoemulsions (NEs) of which both size and IONC loading could be judiciously tuned were developed. Transverse relaxivities were measured as a function of NE size and IONC loading at 20 and 300 MHz and compared with four theoretical model predictions. Polydispersity of the NEs was measured and taken into account in the theoretical calculations.ResultsExperimentally observed relaxivities were in between theoretical predictions from the fast diffusion regime and the static dephasing regimen. NE polydispersity significantly affected the theoretical T2 relaxivity. The effect of both the number of IONCs inside each droplet as well as the radius of the droplet itself was correctly described by a fast diffusion loose aggregate model, while the effect of increased magnetic field was in agreement with a static dephasing model.ConclusionThe results suggest that both fast diffusion, originating from bulk water, and static dephasing phenomena, perhaps originating from water associated with the NE, play a role in transverse relaxivities of IONC aggregates. The developed aggregate system represents a powerful tool to further study these phenomena. Magn Reson Med 74:858–867, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Maternal body mass index influences umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry in physiologic pregnancies
Authors: Sarno Laura , Maruotti Giuseppe Maria , Saccone Gabriele , Morlando Maddalena , Sirico Angelo , Martinelli Pasquale 
Published: September 2014

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of our study was to assess whether there is a relationship between maternal body mass index (BMI) and umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry in physiologic pregnancies.MethodsHealthy pregnancy women, referred to our center at or before 32 weeks of gestation, were recruited. According to BMI, they were divided into underweight (BMI < 18.5), normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9), overweight (BMI 25.0–29.9) and obese women (BMI ≥ 30). At 32+0 weeks of gestation, maternal BMI and umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry were recorded. A correlation between pulsatility index of umbilical artery and BMI was assessed by one‐way ANOVA test, multiple comparison test (Bonferroni correction) and polynomial regression.ResultsOne hundred eighty‐five women were included. Mean pulsatility index of umbilical artery at 32+0 was significantly higher in obese women (0.95 ± 0.01 vs 0.87 ± 0.01 vs 0.67 ± 0.01; p < 0.05). We found a positive correlation between Pulsatility Index of Umbilical Artery and maternal BMI (r2 = 0.7; p < 0.05).ConclusionThere is a positive correlation between BMI and pulsatility index of umbilical artery. These findings suggest that obesity has a negative effect on feto‐placetal vessels. If our data will be confirmed, maternal BMI should be considered in evaluation of umbilical Doppler velocimetry. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chlorination of perforated graphite via interaction with thionylchloride
Authors: Tur V. A. , Okotrub A. V. , Shubin Yu. V. , Senkovskiy B. V. , Bulusheva L. G. 
Published: September 2014

A heating of graphite oxide in concentrated sulfuric acid results in partial removal of oxygen and formation of polyatomic vacancy defects in graphene layers. The boundaries of the defects are decorated by oxygen‐containing groups, the number of which can be significantly reduced with the sample annealing in an inert atmosphere. It is shown that initial and annealed perforated graphite (PG) samples interact with gaseous thionylchloride at room temperature. X‐ray photoelectron and near‐edge X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy find negatively charged chlorine and covalently bonded chlorine in the initial PG and only the latter chlorine form in the annealed PG. According to the reference data and our quantum‐chemical calculations, graphene donates charge to the adsorbed chlorine atoms, while covalent chlorine bonding occurs at vacancy edges.Two chemical states of chlorine detected by XPS in perforated graphene after exposure to SOCl2.
Security and trust management in opportunistic networks: a survey
Authors: Wu Yue , Zhao Yimeng , Riguidel Michel , Wang Guanghao , Yi Ping 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAs a new networking paradigm, opportunistic networking communications have great vision in animal migration tracking, mobile social networking, network communications in remote areas and intelligent transportation, and so on. Opportunistic networks are one of the evolutionary mobile ad hoc networks, whose communication links often suffer from frequent disruption and long communication delays. Therefore, many opportunistic forwarding protocols present major security issues, and the design of opportunistic networks faces serious challenges such as how to effectively protect data confidentiality and integrity and how to ensure routing security, privacy, cooperation, and trust management. In this paper, we first systematically describe the security threats and requirements in opportunistic networks; then propose a general security architecture of opportunistic networks; and then make an in‐depth analysis on authentication and access control, secure routing, privacy protection, trust management, and incentive cooperation mechanisms; and at the same time, we present a comparison of various security and trust solutions for opportunistic networks. Finally, we conclude and give future research directions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Copper(II) Coordination Polymer with Mixed Azide, Carboxylate and Isoxazolate Bridges
Authors: Zhang Xiu‐Mei , Gao Wei , Ding Dan‐Dan , Liu Jie‐Ping 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA CuII complex with azide and a bifunctional ligand bearing carboxylate and isoxazolate groups, namely [Cu(L)(N3)]n (1) (L = 4‐isoxazole carboxylate, was synthesized by diffusion methods and characterized by X‐ray crystallography. In compound 1, the CuII chains with alternating double (μ‐azide)(μ‐carboxylate) and the unprecedented triple (μ‐azide)(μ‐carboxylate)(μ‐isoxazolate) bridges are interlinked by the organic spacers into a two‐dimensional framework. Magnetic studies demonstrated that ferromagnetic interactions exist between the neighboring CuII ions through the alternating mixed double and triple bridges.
The effects of single‐sex versus coeducational schools on adolescent peer victimization and perpetration
Authors: Gee Kevin A. , Cho Rosa Minhyo 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTBullying is a growing public health concern for South Korean adolescents. In our quantitative investigation, we analyze the frequency with which Korean adolescents in single‐sex versus coeducational schools are targets of or engage in three peer aggressive behaviors (verbal, relational (social exclusion), and physical (including theft)). We use two nationally representative datasets, the 2011 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and the 2005 Korea Education Longitudinal Study (KELS), and rely on propensity score matching (PSM). For adolescent girls, we find that being in all‐girls schools mitigates both their exposure to and engagement in peer victimization. For adolescent boys, we find that boys in all‐boys schools have significantly higher odds of experiencing more frequent verbal and physical attacks versus their counterparts in coeducational schools. Our findings strongly suggest that interventions to mitigate peer victimization and aggression in Korea should consider the gendered schooling contexts in which they are implemented.
Pregnancy complications after liver transplantation
Authors: Jabiry‐Zieniewicz Zoulikha , Dabrowski Filip A. , Pietrzak Bronislawa , Wielgos Miroslaw 
Published: September 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo review complications in pregnancy after liver transplantation and assess the time interval since transplantation on fetal development and preterm birth rate.MethodA retrospective review of 53 pregnancies after liver transplantation among 45 women who delivered at the Medical University of Warsaw between 2001 and 2013.ResultsMean duration of pregnancy was 37 ± 2.3 weeks. Main complications were liver dysfunction, small‐for‐gestational‐age, and preterm delivery. Mean time from transplant to pregnancy was 54 ± 36 months for women who delivered before 34 weeks (n = 9), 42 ± 43 months for delivery at 34 − 36 weeks (n = 10), and 57 ± 36 months for delivery after 37 weeks. Mean neonatal weight was 2838 ± 626 g (< 34 weeks, 1897 ± 382 g; 34 − 36, 2324 ± 330 g; > 37, 3125 ± 474 g). Fourteen (26%) neonates had low birth weight (< 2500 g) and 30 (56%) weighed < 3000 g. Pregnancy proceeded without complication in 13 (29%), with a mean time from transplantation to conception of 52 months.ConclusionAlthough physiological gestation and delivery at term are possible for women after liver transplantation, pregnancy is considered high risk. Counselling before pregnancy is required and patients must be managed by an obstetrician and a hepatologist.
Congenital heart disease in pregnancy in a low‐income country
Authors: Arora Nalini , Kausar Hena , Jana Narayan , Mandal Sarbeswar , Mukherjee Dipankar , Mukherjee Ranajit 
Published: September 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo assess maternal and perinatal outcomes among pregnant women with congenital heart disease (CHD) in a low‐resource country.MethodsA prospective, observational study was conducted at a teaching hospital in Kolkata, India, between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2010. All pregnant women with CHD were followed up from first prenatal visit to discharge. Both maternal and perinatal outcomes were analyzed.ResultsOf 174 pregnant women with heart disease, 27 (16%) had CHD. Mean age was 23.5 ± 3.6 years. Four (15%) patients were diagnosed with CHD during the index pregnancy. Nine (33%) women had undergone surgical correction before conception. Cesarean delivery was performed in 12 (44%) women. Fifteen (56%) neonates weighed less than 2500 g, and 4 (15%) were born preterm. Mean birth weight was slightly higher in women with corrected heart lesions than in those with uncorrected ones (2593 ± 480 g vs 2294 ± 620 g; P = 0.22). Three (11%) neonates died, but no stillbirths occurred. One (4%) woman died after delivery owing to atonic postpartum hemorrhage.ConclusionDelayed diagnosis, lack of treatment, and unplanned pregnancy are major challenges for women with CHD, which need to be addressed to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes in low‐resource countries.
Diet, insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity – the Dose–Responses to Exercise Training (DR's EXTRA) Study (ISRCTN45977199)
Authors: Heikkilä Harri M. , Krachler Benno , Rauramaa Rainer , Schwab Ursula S. 
Published: September 2014

Intakes of saturated fat (SF) and dietary fibre, body mass and physical activity are all associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Their relative importance for the maintenance of normal glucose metabolism is not fully known. In a population-based sample of 1114 individuals, aged 58–78 years, dietary intakes were assessed by 4 d food records and cardiorespiratory fitness as maximal oxygen uptake. Insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, the early-phase disposition index (DI30) and the total disposition index (DI120) were assessed based on an oral glucose tolerance test. Linear associations were modelled using linear regression. Combined effects were studied by introducing SF and fibre intakes, as well as cardiorespiratory fitness and waist circumference (WC) as dichotomised variables in general linear models. Intakes of dietary fibre and whole-grain bread were positively associated with insulin sensitivity, independent of physical fitness and WC. In women, dietary fibre intake was also positively associated with DI30. The negative association of high WC with DI30 was attenuated by a combination of low SF intake and high cardiorespiratory fitness. In conclusion, dietary fibre and a combination of low SF intake and high cardiorespiratory fitness may contribute to the maintenance of normal glucose metabolism, independent of WC.
Acute ingestion of catechin-rich green tea improves postprandial glucose status and increases serum thioredoxin concentrations in postmenopausal women
Authors: Takahashi Masaki , Miyashita Masashi , Suzuki Katsuhiko , Bae Seong-ryu , Kim Hyeon-Ki , Wakisaka Takuya , Matsui Yuji , Takeshita Masao , Yasunaga Koichi 
Published: September 2014

Elevated postprandial hyperglycaemia and oxidative stress increase the risks of type 2 diabetes and CVD. Green tea catechin possesses antidiabetic properties and antioxidant capacity. In the present study, we examined the acute and continuous effects of ingestion of catechin-rich green tea on postprandial hyperglycaemia and oxidative stress in healthy postmenopausal women. Participants were randomly assigned into the placebo (P,n11) or green tea (GT,n11) group. The GT group consumed a catechin-rich green tea (catechins 615 mg/350 ml) beverage per d for 4 weeks. The P group consumed a placebo (catechins 92 mg/350 ml) beverage per d for 4 weeks. At baseline and after 4 weeks, participants of each group consumed their designated beverages with breakfast and consumed lunch 3 h after breakfast. Venous blood samples were collected in the fasted state (0 h) and at 2, 4 and 6 h after breakfast. Postprandial glucose concentrations were 3 % lower in the GT group than in the P group (three-factor ANOVA, group × time interaction,P< 0·05). Serum concentrations of the derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites increased after meals (P< 0·05), but no effect of catechin-rich green tea intake was observed. Conversely, serum postprandial thioredoxin concentrations were 5 % higher in the GT group than in the P group (three-factor ANOVA, group × time interaction,P< 0·05). These findings indicate that an acute ingestion of catechin-rich green tea has beneficial effects on postprandial glucose and redox homeostasis in postmenopausal women.