bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elemental composition of household dusts extracted in simulated body fluids and their impact on culturable pathogenic bacteria responses
Authors: Baysal Asli , Zora Sevilay , Saygin Hasan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the last decade, a great deal of research has focused on the determination of potential toxic elements by total concentration and identification the microorganisms in dust. However, determining bio-relevant (e.g., inhalable) forms of elements instead of total contents in acids is necessary for human health. Moreover, examination of the behavior of microorganism under these bio-relevant conditions and revealing the interaction between elements and pathogens is vital and necessary for deeper understanding. However, previous studies have ignored these topics. Therefore, the present study aimed to (i) investigate elements in household dusts extracted in simulated lung fluids, (ii) examine the total concentration of culturable bacteria and their biochemical responses with exposure to bio-fractions of household dusts, and (iii) assess their relations and risks using the model approaches by inhalation. Here, settled dusts were collected in 25 houses, and extracted in four simulated body fluids to determine bio-fractions of elements. Moreover, total count of potentially pathogenic and heterotrophic bacteria, and four clinically important culturable pathogens were incubated in the presence of household-dusts extracted in simulated body fluids. The activity, biofilm, biochemical and oxidative responses of pathogens were measured following household-dust exposures. Afterward, the relationship between elements and pathogen responses were evaluated, and model and derived approaches were used for risk assessments of elements and pathogens. The higher daily intake of elements obtained in artificial lysosomal fluid fraction of household dust mimicking the inflammatory condition compared to other body fluids. Moreover, bacterial responses were mainly influenced from bio-fractions of household dusts and their elemental contents.
Clinical Observation of Acupuncture Combined with Biofeedback Electrical Stimulation in the Treatment of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Tian Na , Bai Jingsi , Li Jie , Ji Caiqing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo investigate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture combined with biofeedback electrical stimulation on female stress urinary incontinence. Ninety patients diagnosed in a hospital between January 2020 and January 2021 were randomly divided into three groups (A, B and C). Group A was treated with biofeedback electrical stimulation, 3 times a week for 30 min for 15 times. Group B used acupuncture treatment, including Guanyuan, Qihai, Zhongji, Zusanli, Sanyinjiao and Yinlingquan, once a day, Monday–Friday, 30 min each, for a total of 10 times. Group C was treated with acupuncture combined with biofeedback electrical stimulation. All three groups were combined with pelvic floor muscle training. Following treatment, the changes in class I and II muscle fibre strength, ICI-Q-SF score and urine leakage in the 1-hour pad test were compared. Prior to treatment, there was no significant difference in the general data of the three patient groups, as well as class I and II muscle fibre strength, ICI-Q-SF score and 1-hour urinary pad test (P > 0.05). Following treatment, class I and II muscle fibre strength in groups A and C improved compared with before, with statistical significance (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference in group B (P > 0.05). In the three groups, ICI-Q-SF scores and 1-hour urinary pad test results were lower compared with before (P < 0.05), with those in group C better than those in groups A and B (P < 0.05). The treatment efficiency of the three patient groups was 86.7%, 83.3% and 96.7%, respectively. Combined acupuncture and biofeedback electrical stimulation can improve pelvic floor muscle strength, urine leakage and quality of life, and can be superior to biofeedback and acupuncture treatment alone.
Dilatometric study on phase transformations in non-deformed and plastically deformed medium-Mn multiphase steels with increased Al and Si additions
Authors: Kozłowska Aleksandra 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this work, two novel alloys containing 4 and 5 mass.% Mn were subjected to theoretical calculations using JMatPro software and experimental studies using dilatometry in order to determine their critical temperatures and ranges of phase transformations of supercooled austenite in undeformed and deformed states. The differences in the kinetics of phase transformations and final microstructures were observed using a light microscope and compared for both investigated alloys. The Mn addition had a strong effect on reducing the Ac3 and Ms temperatures. The plastic deformation applied prior cooling affected the Ms temperature of investigated alloys and kinetics of phase transformations. Both investigated alloys showed high hardenability in the deformed and non-deformed states; and therefore, they can be used as good candidates for products obtained via the Quenching and Partitioning process. Investigated alloys can be used both for sheets and plates of increased thickness because the homogeneous martensitic microstructure can be obtained in a wide range of cooling rates during quenching. The obtained results show a wide technological window for the investigated alloys in producing sheets and plates via the Quenching and Partitioning process.
Nanobainite formation in high-Al medium-Mn steels: thermodynamic approach
Authors: Morawiec Mateusz , Opara Jarosław , Grajcar Adam 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe objective of this study was to analyze the thermodynamic feasibility of forming nanobainite in Al-alloyed medium-Mn steels through intercritical annealing (IA) and subsequent heat treatments. The research aimed to determine the influence of IA temperature and Mn content on the stability of austenite, the Ms temperature, and the resulting bainite plate thickness (BPT). Our findings indicate that the IA temperature range of 780–860 °C effectively decreased the Ms temperature, facilitating the formation of nanobainite. The results demonstrated that a higher Mn content increases an austenite fraction during IA, thus enhancing the potential for nanobainite formation. For the 3MnNb steel, the IA temperature of 860°C was sufficient to achieve bainitic plates thinner than 100 nm, whereas the 4MnNb steel required lower IA temperatures due to its higher Mn content. The transformation kinetics was found to be faster in 3MnNb steel, with a complete transformation time of 300 min, compared to approximately 600 min for the 4MnNb steel. Dilatometric analysis confirmed that the real austenite fractions were approximately 20% higher than the ones predicted by thermodynamic simulations, indicating potential limitations of the commercial software in accurate predicting the experimental conditions. The obtained results validate the proposed heat treatment strategy for achieving nanobainitic structures in medium-Mn steels.
The role of ecosystem services within safe and just operating space at the regional scale
Authors: Tao Qin , Tao Yu , Huang Conghong , Ou Weixin , Bryan Brett A. , Archibald Carla L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Context
The Regional Safe and Just Operating Space (RSJOS), serving as a conceptual framework that supports environmental governance and policy formulation, has garnered growing recognition. However, the application of ecosystem services in the RSJOS framework still constitutes a knowledge gap in the realm of landscape sustainability science.

Objectives
Our objective was to discuss the role of ecosystem services within the Safe and Just Operating Space (SJOS) framework to promote regional sustainability.

Methods
We analyzed the relationship between ecosystem services and the SJOS framework, including their similarities in core concepts and research objectives, as well as how ecosystem services relate to environmental ceilings and social foundations. Based on these analyses, we discussed the potential and challenges of bridging safe space and just space using an ecosystem services approach.

Results
We found that ecosystem services have the potential to help understand the interaction between ecological ceilings and social foundations when assessing RSJOS, using ecosystem service flows to link “safe” and “just” boundaries. However, challenges in applying ecosystem services to assess RSJOS can limit the benefits of this framework.

Conclusions
The examination of RSJOS should extend beyond snapshots of the current regional state and encompass their inherent interconnections and impact mechanisms. This broader perspective can subsequently inform policy decisions. Ecosystem services play a pivotal role in addressing the challenges within the RSJOS framework.
Improving Neural Radiance Fields Using Near-Surface Sampling with Point Cloud Generation
Authors: Yoo Hye Bin , Han Hyun Min , Hwang Sung Soo , Chun Il Yong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNeural radiance field (NeRF) is an emerging view synthesis method that samples points in a three-dimensional (3D) space and estimates their existence and color probabilities. The disadvantage of NeRF is that it requires a long training time since it samples many 3D points. In addition, if one samples points from occluded regions or in the space where an object is unlikely to exist, the rendering quality of NeRF can be degraded. These issues can be solved by estimating the geometry of 3D scene. This paper proposes a near-surface sampling framework to improve the rendering quality of NeRF. To this end, the proposed method estimates the surface of a 3D object using depth images of the training set and performs sampling only near the estimated surface. To obtain depth information on a novel view, the paper proposes a 3D point cloud generation method and a simple refining method for projected depth from a point cloud. Experimental results show that the proposed near-surface sampling NeRF framework can significantly improve the rendering quality, compared to the original NeRF and three different state-of-the-art NeRF methods. In addition, one can significantly accelerate the training time of a NeRF model with the proposed near-surface sampling framework.
TRIPs-Py: Techniques for regularization of inverse problems in python
Authors: Pasha Mirjeta , Gazzola Silvia , Sanderford Connor , Ugwu Ugochukwu O. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper we describe TRIPs-Py, a new Python package of linear discrete inverse problems solvers and test problems. The goal of the package is two-fold: 1) to provide tools for solving small and large-scale inverse problems, and 2) to introduce test problems arising from a wide range of applications. The solvers available in TRIPs-Py include direct regularization methods (such as truncated singular value decomposition and Tikhonov) and iterative regularization techniques (such as Krylov subspace methods and recent solvers for $$\ell _p$$

ℓ
p

-$$\ell _q$$

ℓ
q

formulations, which enforce sparse or edge-preserving solutions and handle different noise types). All our solvers have built-in strategies to define the regularization parameter(s). Some of the test problems in TRIPs-Py arise from simulated image deblurring and computerized tomography, while other test problems model real problems in dynamic computerized tomography. Numerical examples are included to illustrate the usage as well as the performance of the described methods on the provided test problems. To the best of our knowledge, TRIPs-Py is the first Python software package of this kind, which may serve both research and didactical purposes.
Connecting Local Economic Decline to the Politics of Geographic Discontent: The Missing Link of Perceptions
Authors: Green Jane , Jennings Will , McKay Lawrence , Stoker Gerry 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Local economic decline has been presented as an explanation for populism, political alienation and geographic polarisation. This approach risks underestimating the complexity of observing local economic decline. Using original survey questions in the British Election Study, we theorise five models to explain who is likely to perceive local economic decline, and why. Using linked objective data, we analyse the relationship of perceptions to existing economic indicators, finding correspondence but also substantial and systematic variation driven by partisanship and heuristics, such as declining personal circumstances. These findings suggest that researchers should not equate objectively measured decline with homogeneous or direct effects of the local economy on vote choice, populist leanings, and localised discontent. There is value in establishing how voters reason about economic decline to both explain their choices and the way they are likely to respond to remedial policy measures.
Entrepreneurship and innovation in worker cooperatives and conventional firms: the role of external cooperation
Authors: Santos Francisco J. , Guzmán Carmen , Valiente Lidia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThrough the comparison of conventional firms (CFs) with worker cooperatives (WCs), which are a type of collective enterprise with significant experience in cooperation, this research aims to analyse the influence of external cooperation on the two most prominent factors for the success of enterprises: entrepreneurship and innovation. To this end, a research model is proposed based on contributions from the stakeholders’ perspective of the resource-based view of the firm and tested with data from a survey conducted on WCs and CFs located in two Spanish regions with a long tradition in the cooperative movement. The results highlight that the influence of external cooperation on innovation performance is more relevant for WCs and demonstrate that these collective firms are not disadvantaged in innovation compared to CFs. Furthermore, the results suggest that WCs have a more remarkable ability to compete and cooperate simultaneously, that is, to coopete, due to their participative nature.
Magnetic Imbalance at Supergranular Scale: A Driving Mechanism for Coronal Hole Formation
Authors: Cantoresi M. , Berrilli F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnraveling the intricate interplay between the solar photosphere’s magnetic field and the dynamics of the upper solar atmosphere is paramount to understanding the organization of solar magnetic fields and their influence on space weather events. This study delves into the organization of photospheric magnetic fields particularly in the context of coronal holes (CHs), as they are believed to harbor the sources of fast solar wind. We employed the signed measure technique on synthetic images that depict various arrangements of magnetic fields, encompassing imbalances in the sign of the magnetic field (inward and outward) and spatial organization.This study provides compelling evidence that the cancellation functions of simulated regions with imbalanced magnetic fields along the boundaries of supergranular cells align with cancellation function trends of observed photospheric magnetic regions associated with CHs. Thus the analysis serves as a significant proof that CHs arise from the formation of imbalanced magnetic patterns on the edges of supergranular cells.
Utilization of local agro-industrial by-products based substrates to enhance production and dietary value of mushroom (P. ostreatus) in Ethiopia
Authors: Desisa Buzayehu , Muleta Diriba , Dejene Tatek , Jida Mulissa , Goshu Abayneh , Negi Tadesse , Martin-Pinto Pablo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFood insecurity and malnutrition are serious problems in many developing countries, including Ethiopia. This situation warrants an urgent need for the diversification of food sources with enhanced productivity. This study was aimed at contributing to the food security in Ethiopia through cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms using sustainable and locally available agro-industrial byproduct-based substrates in parallel with pollution control. Ten substrates were prepared using sugarcane bagasse, filter cake, trash, cotton seed hull and animal waste, namely cow dung and horse and chicken manure. The effect of each substrate (treatment) on the yields, biological efficiency, nutritional composition, and mineral contents of Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom species was evaluated at the Ethiopian Forest Products Innovation Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The results obtained indicate that a significantly higher (p < 0.05) yield and biological efficiency were recorded from the mushroom cultivated on S2 substrate containing a mixture of 80% sugarcane bagasse, 12% cow dung, and 8% cotton seed hull. Moreover, substrate containing sugarcane bagasse mixed with cotton seed hull, cow dung, and chicken manure significantly (p < 0.05) increased the yields and biological efficiency of the mushroom. The content of protein, crude fat, fiber, and carbohydrates of the mushroom cultivated from all the utilized substrates were in the range of 17.30–21.5, 1.77–2.52, 31.03–34.38, and 28.02–39.74%, respectively. The critical macro-elements are abundant in the mushroom in the order of potassium, magnesium, calcium, and sodium. The mushrooms cultivated on all the substrates were rich in essential micro-elements in the order of iron and zinc. It was found that substrate preparation and formulation significantly (p < 0.05) improved the yields, biological efficiency, nutritive values, and mineral contents of the mushroom. The use of these by-products as substrates is sustainable and environmentally friendly and allows the production of mushroom with high nutritional value on a sustainable basis in order to enhance food security in the country.
Deployment and validation of a smart bed architecture for untethered patients with wireless biomonitoring stickers
Authors: Nunes Tânia , Gaspar Luís , Faria José N. , Portugal David , Lopes Telmo , Fernandes Pedro , Tavakoli Mahmoud 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Conventional patient monitoring in healthcare has limitations such as delayed identification of deteriorating conditions, disruptions to patient routines, and discomfort due to extensive wiring for bed-bound patients. To address these, we have recently developed an innovative IoT-based healthcare system for real-time wireless patient monitoring. This system includes a flexible epidermal patch that collects vital signs using low power electronics and transmits the data to IoT nodes in hospital beds. The nodes connect to a smart gateway that aggregates the information and interfaces with the hospital information system (HIS), facilitating the exchange of electronic health records (EHR) and enhancing access to patient vital signs for healthcare professionals. Our study validates the proposed smart bed architecture in a clinical setting, assessing its ability to meet healthcare personnel needs, patient comfort, and data transmission reliability. Technical performance assessment involves analyzing key performance indicators for communication across various interfaces, including the wearable device and the smart box, and the link between the gateway and the HIS. Also, a comparative analysis is conducted on data from our architecture and traditional hospital equipment. Usability evaluation involves questionnaires completed by patients and healthcare professionals. Results demonstrate the robustness of the architecture proposed, exhibiting reliable and efficient information flow, while offering significant improvements in patient monitoring over conventional wired methods, including unrestricted mobility and improved comfort to enhance healthcare delivery.

Graphical abstract
Die Resilienz von Geflüchteten in Deutschland
Authors: Hajji Rahim , Stolle Paula 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Resilienz ist die Fähigkeit, herausfordernde Situationen zu überwinden, ohne dabei gesundheitlichen Schaden zu nehmen. Geflüchtete, die ihr Herkunftsland aufgrund von Bedrohung oder Verfolgung verlassen müssen, stehen vor unterschiedlichen Herausforderungen, die sie bewältigen müssen. Die Resilienz stellt dabei einen bedeutenden protektiven Faktor dar. Doch es fehlen statistische Analysen zur Resilienz der Geflüchteten in Deutschland. Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, wie hoch das Resilienzniveau von Geflüchteten im Vergleich zur deutschen Bevölkerung (unter Berücksichtigung soziodemografischer Merkmale) ausgeprägt ist und inwiefern soziale Unterstützung, Assimilation und die Wahrnehmung der Aufnahmelandbedingungen mit Resilienz assoziiert sind.

Methoden
Die Fragen werden anhand der IAB-BAMF-SOEP-Befragung von Geflüchteten 2016 und unter Nutzung einer Bevölkerungsumfrage aus dem Jahr 2013 in Deutschland untersucht. Die Erhebung von Resilienz erfolgte mit der Brief Resilience Coping Scale (BRCS). Uni-, bi- und multivariate statistische Analysen sind zur Beantwortung der Fragen durchgeführt worden.

Ergebnisse
Die durchschnittliche Resilienz der Geflüchteten (n = 3776) liegt unter Berücksichtigung der Originalskala (4–20) bei 16,9 (SD = ±3,2). Die deutsche Bevölkerung (n = 2508) zeigt dagegen einen deutlich geringeren Resilienzmittelwert auf (14,7 [SD = ±3,2]). Die Geflüchteten weisen auch bei Kontrolle soziodemografischer Merkmale eine signifikant höhere Resilienz als die deutsche Bevölkerung auf. Reziprozität, Assimilation und die Wahrnehmung der Aufnahmelandbedingungen stehen statistisch signifikant in Zusammenhang mit Resilienz.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Verbesserung der Aufnahmelandbedingungen und die Förderung der individuellen Fähigkeiten der Geflüchteten, um sich im Aufnahmeland zu verständigen, zu orientieren und zu handeln, stärkt ihre Resilienz.
Secularisation and Kenosis in Gianni Vattimo’s Kehre
Authors: Bubbio Paolo Diego 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The article delves into two closely intertwined notions that have increasingly taken centre stage in Gianni Vattimo’s thought since the mid-eighties: secularisation and kenosis. The significance of these themes in Vattimo’s late work is such that, it is argued, it amounts to an actual Kehre, or turn. However, akin to Heidegger, Vattimo’s Kehre is not a radical break but a shift in research and reflection towards themes that, although already present in his philosophy, have assumed more distinctly religious nuances and have progressively developed up to the point where they have formed an organic perspective. The article traces this development, commencing with the notion of secularisation to then explore its interweaving with themes of emancipation and the violence of metaphysics. It concludes with a reflection on the central role of kenosis and its significance in Vattimo’s thought.