bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing cohort incidence of schizophrenia with that of bipolar disorder and affective psychosis in individuals born in Stockholm County 1955–1967
Authors: Söderlund J. , Wicks S. , Jörgensen L. , Dalman C. 
Published: July 2015

Background.Perinatal factors are associated with increased risk for both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Improvements in obstetric and maternal healthcare and positive socioeconomic development in Sweden from the 1950s onwards could be expected to affect incidence estimates. However, commonly incidence rates are calculated during a specific year, i.e. time of diagnosis, which mirrors proximal precipitating risk factors. To examine whether incidence estimates are compatible with the hypothesis of an impact of perinatal exposures on the risk of the different disorders we here instead calculate incidence rates for consecutive birth cohorts born between 1955 and 1967. We hypothesized that schizophrenia incidence would be more affected compared to bipolar disorder and other affective psychoses since most perinatal risk factors are more pronounced in schizophrenia aetiology.Method.Birth cohorts of individuals born in Sweden and resident in Stockholm (N = 2 16 322), were followed in The National Patient Register regarding incident inpatient episodes Incident cases/10 000 person-years and birth cohort were calculated. Linear regression was used to estimate change in incidence rate.Results.We found stable birth cohort-based incidence estimates for bipolar disorder and other affective psychoses, but a continuous reduction in incidence estimates for schizophrenia as well as other non-affective psychoses in subsequent birth cohorts from 1955 to 1967.Conclusions.The consecutive birth cohort-based incidence estimates unveiled patterns that are compatible with the hypothesis of an impact of early life exposures decreasing over time, in the aetiology of schizophrenia, whereas this pattern is less apparent in affective psychoses..
Ice-shelf fracture due to viscoelastic flexure stress induced by fill/drain cycles of supraglacial lakes
Authors: Banwell Alison F. , Macayeal Douglas R. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractUsing a previously derived treatment of viscoelastic flexure of floating ice shelves, we simulated multiple years of evolution of a single, axisymmetric supraglacial lake when it is subjected to annual fill/drain cycles. Our viscoelastic treatment follows the assumptions of the well-known thin-beam and thin-plate analysis but, crucially, also covers power-law creep rheology. As the ice-shelf surface does not completely return to its un-flexed position after a 1-year fill/drain cycle, the lake basin deepens with each successive cycle. This deepening process is significantly amplified when lake-bottom ablation is taken into account. We evaluate the timescale over which a typical lake reaches a sufficient depth such that ice-shelf fracture can occur well beyond the lake itself in response to lake filling/drainage. We show that, although this is unlikely during one fill/drain cycle, fracture is possible after multiple years assuming surface meltwater availability is unlimited. This extended zone of potential fracture implies that flexural stresses in response to a single lake filling/drainage event can cause neighbouring lakes to drain, which, in turn, can cause lakes farther afield to drain. Such self-stimulating behaviour may have accounted for the sudden, widespread appearance of a fracture system that drove the Larsen B Ice Shelf to break-up in 2002.
Solubility design leading to high figure of merit in low-cost Ce-CoSb3 skutterudites
Authors: Tang Yinglu , Hanus Riley , Chen Sinn-wen , Snyder G. Jeffrey 
Published: July 2015

AbstractCoSb3-based filled skutterudite has emerged as one of the most viable candidates for thermoelectric applications in automotive industry. However, the scale-up commercialization of such materials is still a challenge due to the scarcity and cost of constituent elements. Here we study Ce, the most earth abundant and low-cost rare earth element as a single-filling element and demonstrate that, by solubility design using a phase diagram approach, the filling fraction limit (FFL) x in CexCo4Sb12 can be increased more than twice the amount reported previously (x=0.09). This ultra-high FFL (x=0.20) enables the optimization of carrier concentration such that no additional filling elements are needed to produce a state of the art n-type skutterudite material with a zT value of 1.3 at 850 K before nano-structuring. The earth abundance and low cost of Ce would potentially facilitate a widespread application of skutterudites.
High density terahertz frequency comb produced by coherent synchrotron radiation
Authors: Tammaro S. , Pirali O. , Roy P. , Lampin J.-F. , Ducournau G. , Cuisset A. , Hindle F. , Mouret G. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractFrequency combs have enabled significant progress in frequency metrology and high-resolution spectroscopy extending the achievable resolution while increasing the signal-to-noise ratio. In its coherent mode, synchrotron radiation is accepted to provide an intense terahertz continuum covering a wide spectral range from about 0.1 to 1 THz. Using a dedicated heterodyne receiver, we reveal the purely discrete nature of this emission. A phase relationship between the light pulses leads to a powerful frequency comb spanning over one decade in frequency. The comb has a mode spacing of 846 kHz, a linewidth of about 200 Hz, a fractional precision of about 2 × 10−10 and no frequency offset. The unprecedented potential of the comb for high-resolution spectroscopy is demonstrated by the accurate determination of pure rotation transitions of acetonitrile.
Formation and reshuffling of disulfide bonds in bovine serum albumin demonstrated using tandem mass spectrometry with collision-induced and electron-transfer dissociation
Authors: Rombouts Ine , Lagrain Bert , Scherf Katharina A. , Lambrecht Marlies A. , Koehler Peter , Delcour Jan A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThermolysin hydrolyzates of freshly isolated, extensively stored (6 years, 6 °C, dry) and heated (60 min, 90 °C, in excess water) bovine serum albumin (BSA) samples were analyzed with liquid chromatography (LC) electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) using alternating electron-transfer dissociation (ETD) and collision-induced dissociation (CID). The positions of disulfide bonds and free thiol groups in the different samples were compared to those deduced from the crystal structure of native BSA. Results revealed non-enzymatic posttranslational modifications of cysteine during isolation, extensive dry storage and heating. Heat-induced extractability loss of BSA was linked to the impact of protein unfolding on the involvement of specific cysteine residues in intermolecular and intramolecular thiol-disulfide interchange and thiol oxidation reactions. The here developed approach holds promise for exploring disulfide bond formation and reshuffling in various proteins under conditions relevant for chemical, biochemical, pharmaceutical and food processing.
Regulation of DNA phosphorothioate modification in Salmonella enterica by DndB
Authors: He Wei , Huang Teng , Tang You , Liu Yanhua , Wu Xiaolin , Chen Si , Chan Wan , Wang Yajie , Liu Xiaoyun , Chen Shi , Wang Lianrong 
Published: July 2015

AbstractDNA phosphorothioate (PT) modification, in which the non-bridging oxygen of the sugar-phosphate backbone is substituted by sulfur, occurs naturally in diverse bacteria and archaea and is regulated by the DndABCDE proteins. DndABCDE and the restriction cognate DndFGHI constitute a new type of defense system that prevents the invasion of foreign DNA in Salmonella enterica serovar Cerro 87. GAAC/GTTC consensus contexts across genomes were found to possess partial PT modifications even in the presence of restriction activity, indicating the regulation of PT. The abundance of PT in cells must be controlled to suit cellular activities. However, the regulatory mechanism of PT modification has not been characterized. The result here indicated that genomic PT modification in S. enterica is controlled by the transcriptional regulator DndB, which binds to two regions in the promoter, each possessing a 5′-TACGN10CGTA-3′ palindromic motif, to regulate the transcription of dndCDE and its own gene. Site-directed mutagenesis showed that the Cys29 residue of DndB plays a key role in its DNA-binding activity or conformation. Proteomic analysis identified changes to a number of cellular proteins upon up-regulation and loss of PT. Considering the genetic conservation of dnd operons, regulation of PT by DndB might be widespread in diverse organisms.
Anterior Cervical Reconstruction Using Free Vascularized Fibular Graft after Cervical Corpectomy
Authors: Addosooki Ahmad Ibraheem , Alam-Eldin Mohamed , Abdel-Wanis Mohamed El-Sayed , Yousef Mohamed Abdelhamid Ali , Dionigi Paolo , Kenawey Mohamed Omar 
Published: July 2015

Study Design Prospective study. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiologic results of using free vascularized fibular graft (FVFG) for anterior reconstruction of the cervical spine following with varying levels of corpectomy. Methods Ten patients underwent anterior cervical reconstruction using an FVFG after cervical corpectomy augmented with internal instrumentation. All patients were evaluated neurologically according to the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) and modified JOA scoring systems and the Nurick grading system. The neurologic recovery rate was determined, and the clinical outcome was assessed based on three factors: neck pain, dependence on pain medication, and ability to return to work. The fusion status and maintenance of lordotic correction by the strut graft were determined by measuring the lordosis angle and fused segment height (FSH). Results All patients achieved successful fusion. The mean follow-up period was 35.2 months (range, 28 to 44 months). Graft union occurred at a mean of 3.5 months. The mean loss of lordotic correction was 0.95 degrees, and the mean change in FSH was <1 mm. The neurologic recovery rate was excellent in four patients, good in five, and fair in one. All patients achieved satisfactory clinical outcome. No neurologic injuries occurred during the operations. Conclusion The use of FVFG is a valuable and effective technique in anterior cervical reconstruction for complex disorders.
New Gateway-compatible vectors for a high-throughput protein–protein interaction analysis by a bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay in plants and their application to a plant clathrin structure analysis
Authors: Nishimura Kohji , Ishikawa Syouta , Matsunami Erika , Yamauchi Junji , Homma Keiichi , Faulkner Christine , Oparka Karl , Jisaka Mitsuo , Nagaya Tsutomu , Yokota Kazushige , Nakagawa Tsuyoshi 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Protein–protein interactions (PPI) play key roles in various biological processes. The bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay is an excellent tool for routine PPI analyses in living cells. We developed new Gateway vectors for a high-throughput BiFC analysis of plants, adopting a monomeric Venus split just after the tenth β-strand, and analyzed the interaction between Arabidopsis thaliana coated vesicle coatmers, the clathrin heavy chain (CHC), and the clathrin light chain (CLC). In competitive BiFC tests, CLC interacted with CHC through a coiled-coil motif in the middle section of CLC. R1340, R1448, and K1512 in CHC and W94 in CLC are potentially key amino acids underlying the inter-chain interaction, consistent with analyses based on homology modeling. Our Gateway BiFC system, the V10-BiFC system, provides a useful tool for a PPI analysis in living plant cells. The CLC–CHC interaction identified may facilitate clathrin triskelion assembly needed for cage formation.
Modelling relationships between match events and match outcome in elite football
Authors: Liu Hongyou , Hopkins Will G. , Gómez Miguel‐Angel 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIdentifying match events that are related to match outcome is an important task in football match analysis. Here we have used generalised mixed linear modelling to determine relationships of 16 football match events and 1 contextual variable (game location: home/away) with the match outcome. Statistics of 320 close matches (goal difference ≤ 2) of season 2012–2013 in the Spanish First Division Professional Football League were analysed. Relationships were evaluated with magnitude‐based inferences and were expressed as extra matches won or lost per 10 close matches for an increase of two within‐team or between‐team standard deviations (SD) of the match event (representing effects of changes in team values from match to match and of differences between average team values, respectively). There was a moderate positive within‐team effect from shots on target (3.4 extra wins per 10 matches; 99% confidence limits ±1.0), and a small positive within‐team effect from total shots (1.7 extra wins; ±1.0). Effects of most other match events were related to ball possession, which had a small negative within‐team effect (1.2 extra losses; ±1.0) but a small positive between‐team effect (1.7 extra wins; ±1.4). Game location showed a small positive within‐team effect (1.9 extra wins; ±0.9). In analyses of nine combinations of team and opposition end‐of‐season rank (classified as high, medium, low), almost all between‐team effects were unclear, while within‐team effects varied depending on the strength of team and opposition. Some of these findings will be useful to coaches and performance analysts when planning training sessions and match tactics.
CUA: a Flexible and Comprehensive Codon Usage Analyzer
Authors: Zhang Zhenguo 
Published: July 2015

AbstractCodon usage bias (CUB) is pervasive in genomes. Studying its patterns and causes is fundamental for understanding genome evolution. Rapidly emerging large-scale RNA and DNA sequences make studying CUB in many species feasible. Existing software however is limited in incorporating the new data resources. Therefore, I release the software CUA which can compute all popular CUB metrics, includingCAI, tAI, Fop, ENC. More importantly, CUA allows users to incorporate user-specific data, such as tRNA abundance and highly expressed genes from considered tissues; this flexibility enables computing CUB metrics for any species with improved accuracy. In sum, CUA eases codon usage studies and establishes a platform for incorporating new metrics in future. CUA is available athttp://search.cpan.org/dist/Bio-CUA/with help documentation and tutorial.
From #mcdonaldsfail to #dominossucks
Authors: Guidry Jeanine D. , Messner Marcus , Jin Yan , Medina-Messner Vivian 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to analyze the crisis information posted by publics on the social media platform Instagram about leading fast food companies as well as the responses by the companies and their general use of Instagram.Design/methodology/approach– In two quantitative content analyses, 711 Instagram posts were identified in a two-week constructed time period that related to the ten largest fast food chains in the world.Findings– It was found that negative content about these companies is posted by customers and employees alike and that the negative tonality primarily stems from issues with service and the work environment. The study also showed that the companies are just starting to discover Instagram and have very little engagement with users. None of the companies responded to the negative posts of customers and employees.Research limitations/implications– The analysis only evaluated posts with negative hashtags about ten fast food companies. Future research should expand the analysis to all posts about a certain sector as well as expand the scope of the research beyond the fast food sector.Practical implications– The results of the study are a call-to-action for public relations professionals to engage with their publics on Instagram and actively use the app as a pre-crisis monitoring and crisis response tool in their social media plans.Originality/value– Instagram is a fast-growing social media channel, yet research into this platform is lacking. The findings of this study should be a challenge to public relations practitioners to put Instagram next to Facebook and Twitter at the center of their social media strategy.
Does housing market impair employment in The Czech Republic?
Authors: Konecný Martin , Stroukal Dominik 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– The main aim of this paper is to find whether homeownership can have detrimental effect on employment in The Czech Republic.Design/methodology/approach– Oswald’s conjecture is tested on the set of panel data across Czech regions between the years of 2005 and 2012.Findings– By testing a model similar to Oswald’s, this paper receives the similar result that the rate of homeownership leads to higher rate of unemployment in following years. The second model tested in the paper does not support previous findings that regional rate of homeownership has negative effect on individual’s probability of being unemployed.Research limitations/implications– Findings of this paper are valid only for The Czech Republic. Possible refinements to the model are presented as inspiration for further research.Practical implications– Results bring a powerful argument into debate about subsidization of homeowners through building societies.Originality/value– This paper is a first examination of Oswald’s hypothesis in The Czech Republic. It opens a debate about whether Oswald’s conjecture holds outside of the Western world.
An empirical examination of the effects of land tenure on housing values in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Irumba Richard 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of land tenure on housing values in metropolitan Kampala.Design/methodology/approach– A hedonic model is used to test the relationship between housing prices, land tenure and housing attributes using a cross-sectional dataset of transaction prices for 590 newly built houses sold in 2011.Findings– Public leaseholds in Kampala offer a premium of 23 per cent in housing values compared to freeholds. This could be due to a lack of formal systems for the assessment of leasehold premium and ground rent charges, an arrangement which can offer utility to the lesse at the expense of lessor, thereby making leaseholds popular on the market, or the developers’ lack of information on the benefits of freehold causing them to value leaseholds higher than freeholds. Similarly, private mailo tenure offers a 12 per cent premium in housing values compared to freeholds. There is no significant impact of Kabaka’s mailo tenure on housing values. When compared to private mailo, public leaseholds offer an 11 per cent premium in housing values.Practical implications– There is a need to advance leasehold as the urban land tenure for Uganda, disentangle multiple-layers of ownership on mailo land and roll out the land fund to enhance growth of the housing market in Kampala.Originality/value– This paper is the first of its kind to empirically examine the impact of mailo land tenure on housing values. Findings provide useful insights for investors and policymakers in the housing sector in Uganda.
Risk-return tradeoff in Chinese stock markets: some recent evidence
Authors: Chen Menggen 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to pay more attention to four different research questions at least. One is that this study intends to explore the changes of the risk-return relationship over time, because the institutions and environment have changed a lot and might tend to influence the risk-return regime in the Chinese stock markets. The second question is whether there is any difference for the risk-return relationship between Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets. The third question is to compare the similarities and dissimilarities of the risk-return tradeoff for different frequency data. The fourth question is to compare the explanation power of different GARCH-M type models which are all widely used in exploring the risk-return tradeoff.Design/methodology/approach– This paper investigates the risk-return tradeoff in the Chinese emerging stock markets with a sample including daily, weekly and monthly market return series. A group of variant specifications of GARCH-M type models are used to test the risk-return tradeoff. Additionally, some diagnostic checks proposed by Engle and Ng (1993) are used in this paper, and this will help to assess the robustness of different models.Findings– The empirical results show that the dynamic risk-return relationship is quite different between Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets. A positive and statistically significant risk-return relationship is found for the daily returns in Shenzhen Stock Exchange, while the conditional mean of the stock returns is negatively related to the conditional variance in Shanghai Stock Exchange. The risk-return relationship usually becomes much weaker for the lower frequency returns in both markets. A further study with the sub-samples finds a positive and significant risk-return trade-off for both markets in the second stage after July 1, 1999.Originality/value– This paper extends the existing related researches about the Chinese stock markets in several ways. First, this study uses a longer sample to investigate the relationship between stock returns and volatility. Second, this study estimates the returns and volatility relationship with different frequency sample data together. Third, a group of variant specifications of GARCH-M type models are used to test the risk-return tradeoff. In particular, the author employs the Component GARCH-M model which is relatively new in this line of research. Fourth, this study investigates if there is any structural break affecting the risk-return relationship in the Chinese stock markets over time.