bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE COMMUNITIES STRUCTURE OF INVERTEBRATE FAUNA FROM RAPE AND ALFALFA CROPS (SINGURENI, GIURGIU COUNTY, ROMANIA) / Structura comunităţilor faunei de nevertebrate din culturile de rapiţă şi lucernă (Singureni, judeţul Giurgiu).
Authors: Fiera Cristina , Purice Dorina , Maican Sanda 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
The present study has been conducted under a bilateral project between Romania and Republic of Moldova, focusing on knowledge of the invertebrates from rape (Brassica napus L.) and alfalfa crops (Medicago sativa L.) from Singureni (Giurgiu County, Southern Romania). The communities structure of invertebrates fauna in term of species composition and numerical abundance were analyzed. In total, 15 species of Collembola from seven families and 38 species of Coleoptera from 17 families were identified. Entomobrya handschini, Lepidocyrtus paradoxus, Isotoma anglicana were abundant in the alfalfa crop and Hemisotoma thermophyla, Protaphorura sakatoi, Orchesella flavescens (Collembola) were abundant in the rape culture. From Coleoptera Order, Dermestes murinus, Brachinus crepitans and Epicometis hirta were dominant in the rape crop. Coccinella septempunctata and Gonioctena fornicata were dominant in the alfalfa. Also, another 385 specimens from different taxonomic groups (Heteroptera, Homoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Thysanoptera, Orthoptera and Araneae) were collected using sweep nets. Some crop pests invertebrates were indicated and the beneficial predators were also revealed.
LABOUR MARKET CHANGES IN RURAL AREAS OF HUNGARY: PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE
Authors: Bogárdi Tünde 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
After the collapse of the single-party state, a new economic and social structure was born in Hungary. The main purpose of my study is to present the changes that occurred within the employment in rural areas. I shall analyse the changes in employment rates, and also the change in the distribution of employment amongst various sectors of the national economy. In order to understand the labour-market related problems of the extended rural areas, I shall focus mostly on changes that occurred within the sector of agriculture. After the regime change in Hungary, making a living in rural areas was greatly upset by the vast amount of free labour emerging due to the disintegration of the large-scale state system of agriculture. Since agriculture could be the only certain market for employing the high number of unskilled workforce that is typical at rural areas, I shall explore the changes occurred within the agrarian sector and in its employment in the past two decades, and also current plans and initiatives that are proposed to improve employment in the sector of agriculture.
COOPERATION TO ACHIEVE SUCCESSFUL TOURISM
Authors: Virág Ágnes 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Tourism has become one the most quickly developing economic sectors. The creation of sustainable and competitive tourism can be observed and initiated all over the world, so the formation of Tourism Destination Management (TDM) system has become an important way of development worldwide. All over the world there are lots of successful TDM systems, so we have to work hard to achieve success in our homeland as well. I think that a new tourism development concept has positive effects on the development of domestic tourism. The tourism sector may expand more dynamically with cooperation of the players. The institutional development is useful, but the organizations must be established in harmony with the characteristics of each destination and need to represent the interests of the participants. In my research, I examine the development of the Hungarian Tourism Destination Management system, the use of the funds, and the context between TDM funds and infrastructural development. Finally, I intend to present good practices which can be adapted to other tourist destinations, so that everyone can benefit from the Hungarian tourism sector.
Charles Wesley and the Bible
Authors: Watson J. R. 
Published: January 2014

Charles Wesley (1707-88) was the great hymn writer of the
Methodist revival, following his "conversion" experience of 1738.
Throughout his writing career, which lasted for almost forty years and produced over 6,000 hymns, he used the Bible as the principal source-book for his poetry. He used the Old Testament typologically, with episodes from Jewish history prefiguring events in the life and work of Jesus Christ. The books of the Old Testament were used as a starting-point for the imaginative treatment of ideas such as pilgrimage and the encounter with God. A notable example is his use of the story of Jacob and the angel (Gen. 32), which is the
subject of Wesley’s "Wrestling Jacob" An examination of this poem demonstrates Wesley’s ability to transform the Biblical episode into an
exploration of a profound Christian experience, the discovery of God through struggle.
Leaf fossils of Luzuriaga and a monocot flower with in situ pollen of Liliacidites contortus Mildenh. & Bannister sp. nov. (Alstroemeriaceae) from the Early Miocene
Authors: Conran John G. , Bannister Jennifer M. , Mildenhall Dallas C. , Lee Daphne E. , Chacón Juliana , Renner Susanne S. 
Published: January 2014

• Premise of the study: The Foulden Maar lake sediments in Otago, South Island, New Zealand, date to the earliest Miocene and provide an important picture of the diversity of the Australasian biota, paleoecology, and climate at a time when New Zealand had a smaller land area than today. The diverse rainforest contains many taxa now restricted to Australia, New Caledonia, or South America. The presence of Luzuriaga‐like fossils in these deposits is important for understanding Alstroemeriaceae evolution and the biogeography of genera shared between New Zealand and South America.• Methods: Leaves and a flower with in situ pollen that resemble extant Luzuriaga are described and placed phylogenetically. Geographic range information and a molecular clock model for the Alstroemeriaceae were used to investigate possible biogeographic scenarios and the influence of the new fossil on inferred divergence times.• Key results: Luzuriaga peterbannisteri Conran, Bannister, Mildenh., & D.E.Lee sp. nov. represents the first macrofossil record for Alstroemeriaceae. An associated Luzuriaga‐like flower with in situ fossil pollen of Liliacidites contortus Mildenh. & Bannister sp. nov. is also described. The biogeographic analysis suggests that there have been several dispersal events across the Southern Ocean for the genus, with the fossil representing a now‐extinct New Zealand lineage.• Conclusions: Luzuriaga was present in Early Miocene New Zealand, indicating a long paleogeographic history for the genus, and L. peterbannisteri strengthens biogeographic connections between South America and Australasia during the Oligocene and earliest Miocene.
Outcome of critically ill hyperglycemic stroke patients admitted to the intensive care unit
Authors: Mohamed Kamel Abdelaziz , Saad Ahmad 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

Introduction
It has been suggested that admission hyperglycemia is a marker of extensive brain damage. Despite these observations, studies that have examined the relationship between glucose levels and the outcome after stroke in diabetic and nondiabetic patients have reported conflicting results.

Aim
We evaluated data on stroke patients admitted to the intensive care department to estimate the influence of hyperglycemia on the short-term mortality in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients.

Patients and methods
A total of 100 consecutive adult patients with stroke admitted to the ICU were studied over a period of 28 months. The patients were followed up for 28 days until discharge from the hospital or until death, whichever occurred first. The patients were divided into three broad groups, on the basis of fasting blood glucose or random sugar and HbA1c to rule out undetected diabetes patients.

Results
There were no significant differences in the stroke subtype or the baseline stroke severity between diabetic (group 3) and hyperglycemic (group 2) patients. Also, there was no significant association between the stroke severity and the glycosylated hemoglobin level in group 2 and group 3 (r = 0.26, P = 0.4; r = 0.19, P = 0.31; respectively). With regard to an excellent outcome of stroke, which was measured by the modified Rankin scale (0–1), there was no significant difference between group 2 and group 3. The unadjusted risk ratio was 1.85 (95% confidence interval 0.52–4.41) for group 2, whereas it was 1.25 (95% confidence interval 0.7 6–4.3) in group 3. Nondiabetic patients with hyperglycemia had a 1.6 times higher relative risk of in-hospital 28-day mortality than diabetic patients. There were four nonsurvivors (11%) out of 36 patients in the control nondiabetic (group 1), whereas eight (26%) of 31 patients died in group 2, which was statistically significant when compared with group 1 (P = 0.02). However, six nonsurvivors (18%) of 33 in group 3 when compared with group 2 was statistically significant (P = 0.04).

Conclusion
Our current study showed that nondiabetic patients with hyperglycemia had a 1.6 times higher relative risk of in-hospital 28-day mortality than diabetic patients. Stress hyperglycemia predicts an increased risk of in-hospital mortality after ischemic stroke; thus, we should not underestimate the potential harm, as patients with the highest admission glucose levels would have most likely been treated earlier and more aggressively.
Colonic mucosal changes in Egyptian patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension
Authors: Salama Zakaria A. , Hassan Ahmad N. , Darweesh Samar K. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

Background and aims
In patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension (PHT), portal hypertensive colopathy (PHC) is thought to be an important cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. This study aimed at evaluating the prevalence and clinical significance of colonic mucosal changes in Egyptian patients with liver cirrhosis and PHT.

Patients and methods
A prospective study was conducted on 35 patients with liver cirrhosis and PHT (proved by upper endoscopy and/or abdominal ultrasonography). They were evaluated using full colonoscopy to detect changes in colonic mucosa and using gastroscopy to detect the presence of both gastroesophageal varices and portal hypertensive gastropathy.

Results
Colonic lesions were found in 27 patients (77.1%), including haemorrhoids in 20 patients (57.1%), diffuse hyperaemic mucosa in 16 patients (45.7%), angiodysplastic lesions in 12 patients (34.3%) and rectal varices in five patients (14.3%). Bleeding per rectum was detected in seven patients (20%), and it significantly correlated with the presence of haemorrhoids (P = 0.02). The prevalence of PHC and the presence of haemorrhoids increased with the worsening Child–Pugh class (P = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively).

Conclusion
The prevalence of PHC and haemorrhoids increases with the progression of liver disease and worsening of the Child–Pugh grading in cirrhotic patients. However, haemorrhoids, rectal varices, hyperaemia and colonic angiodysplasia are not affected by the presence of portal hypertensive gastropathy.
Associations of fetuin-A level with vascular disease in hemodialysis patients with or without type II diabetes mellitus
Authors: Mohamed Amani K. , Abdallah Amany M. , Hassan Maha A. , Mohammed Nagwa A. , Kamel Solaf A. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

Introduction
Fetuin-A is a circulating inhibitor of calcium deposition in the vasculature and may be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Low plasma fetuin-A level is independently associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease mortality among men and women without diabetes; in addition, low level of fetuin-A is linked to mortality in patients on dialysis.

Aim of the study
The aim of the study was to investigate the role of fetuin-A as a marker for microvascular and macrovascular diseases in a high-risk population of end-stage renal disease patients on dialysis, with and without diabetes mellitus.

Patients and methods
This study included 30 end-stage renal disease patients on regular hemodialysis, with and without diabetes and 10 age-matched and sex-matched apparently healthy controls. All patients were subjected to careful history-taking, including history of strokes and acute myocardial infarction and thorough physical examinations, and cardiac assessment was performed using ECG and ECHO. Routine laboratory tests were performed, such as hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, serum creatinine, serum urea, serum Na, serum K, uric acid, serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, serum aspartate aminotransferase, serum alanine aminotransferase, serum albumin, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), and serum fetuin-A.

Results
The study showed significant statistical decrease in serum fetuin-A level in chronic renal failure (CRF) and diabetes patients with vascular strokes when compared with CRF patients and CRF patients with diabetes without history of vascular strokes. There was significant positive correlation between fetuin-A and hemoglobin, serum Ca, serum albumin, TIBC, and total protein (TP), whereas there was significant negative correlation between fetuin-A and serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum urea, serum creatinine, serum uric acis (UA), iPTH, serum Na, and serum K. No correlation was found between fetuin-A and age or BMI.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest a unique role for fetuin-A deficiency as a biomarker of vascular diseases in the setting of CRF and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
CAP : un leadership partagé entre le conseil scolaire, la direction et les enseignants
Authors: Isabelle Claire , Genier Éric , Davidson Ann Louise , Lamothe Roxane 
Published: January 2014

Le ministère de l’Éducation de l’Ontario (2007) suggère fortement aux directions de modifier la structure de fonctionnement de leurs écoles pour que celles-ci travaillent en communauté d’apprentissage professionnelle (CAP). Or, force est de constater que peu d’études s’attardent au soutien à apporter aux directions pour qu’elles répondent avec efficacité à cette exigence et, plus particulièrement, pour que la nouvelle structure organisationnelle favorise le développement professionnel des enseignants et la réussite chez tous les élèves. Afin de comprendre les conditions d’implantation et d’évolution d’un fonctionnement en CAP, une étude de nature qualitative a été menée dans deux écoles élémentaires francophones de l’Ontario qui ont atteint un stade avancé de fonctionnement en CAP. Les résultats de notre étude soulignent l’importance d’un « leadership partagé » entre le conseil scolaire, la direction d’école et le personnel enseignant pour instaurer et faire évoluer un fonctionnement en CAP.
Virtual communities in a secondary school — Discovering the internal grammar of video games
Authors: Méndez Laura , García-Pernía María Ruth , Cortés Sara 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This study attempts to show how the creation of an innovative scenario, introducing video games and online communities as educational resources in the classroom, facilitates the development of new literacies in the context of participatory culture. The experience described was carried out during the 2010–2011 academic year in a secondary school located in Madrid. The workshop was organized using a social simulation video game, The Sims 3, and the online community Play and Learn, created specifically for this project. From an ethnographic perspective, the article focuses mainly on analyzing what happened outside the game sessions, when the students became involved in the online community after interacting with the game in the classroom. The fact that they participated in a virtual conversational space (through a forum) serves to support the game and encourage reflection from all participants. The results show that social relationships were developed within the online community, where individual contributions proved especially important for group discussion. Participation made it possible for students to become aware of the speech and rules of the game and to improve the acquisition process of new literacies.
Graphics, playability and social interaction, the greatest motivations for playing Call of Duty. Educational reflections
Authors: Marcano Lárez Beatriz Elena 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
War videogames raise a lot of controversy in the educational field and are by far the most played videogames worldwide. This study explores the factors that encouraged gamers to choose war videogames with a sample of 387 Call of Duty players. The motivational factors were pinpointed using a non-experimental descriptive exploratory study through an online Likert-type survey that was valid and reliable (Cronbachʼs α = 0.897, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin coefficient, KMO: 0.903). A factor analysis with varimax rotation was applied, which yielded 7 dimensions: graphics/playability; social interaction; learning; challenge/overcoming; fantasy; fun; and competition. Considering the score obtained for each dimension, it can be concluded that the most influential motivational factors were game graphics/playability game and the social interaction allowed by its multiplayer online status, both of them being factors determined by game design elements. These aspects should be considered in the design of educational activities so as to make them impactful and motivational.
Anomalous dynamics of the extremely compressed magnetosphere during 21 January 2005 magnetic storm
Authors: Dmitriev A. V. , Suvorova A. V. , Chao J.‐K. , Wang C. B. , Rastaetter L. , Panasyuk M. I. , Lazutin L. L. , Kovtyukh A. S. , Veselovsky I. S. , Myagkova I. N. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe dayside magnetosphere and proton radiation belt were analyzed during unusual magnetic storm on 21 January 2005. We have found that from 1712 to 2400 UT, the subsolar magnetopause was continuously located inside geosynchronous orbit due to strong compression. The compression was extremely strong from 1846 to 2035 UT when the dense plasma of fast erupting filament produced the solar wind dynamic pressure that peaked up to > 100 nPa, and during the first time, the upstream solar wind was observed at geosynchronous orbit for almost 2 h. Under the extreme compression, the outer magnetosphere at L > 5 was pushed inward, and the outer radiation belt particles moved earthward, became adiabatically accelerated, and accumulated in the inner magnetosphere at L < 4 that produced the intensified ring current with an exceptionally long lifetime. The observations were compared with predictions of various empirical and first‐principles models. All the models failed to predict the magnetospheric dynamics under the extreme compression when the minimal magnetopause distance was estimated to be ~3 RE. The inconsistencies might result from distortions of plasma measurements by extreme heliospheric conditions consisting in very fast solar wind streams and intense fluxes of solar energetic particles. We speculated that anomalous dynamics of the magnetosphere could be well described by the models if the He abundance in the solar wind was assumed to be > 20%, which is well appropriate for erupting filaments and which is in agreement with the upper 27% threshold for the He/H ratio obtained from Cluster measurements.
Magnetosonic wave excitation by ion ring distributions in the Earth's inner magnetosphere
Authors: Ma Qianli , Li Wen , Chen Lunjin , Thorne Richard M. , Angelopoulos Vassilis 
Published: January 2014

AbstractCombining Time History of Events and Macroscale Interaction during Substorms (THEMIS) wave and particle observations and a quantitative calculation of linear wave growth rate, we demonstrate that magnetosonic (MS) waves can be locally excited by ion ring distributions in the Earth's magnetosphere when the ion ring energy is comparable to the local Alfven energy. MS waves in association with ion ring distributions were observed by THEMIS A on 24 November 2010 in the afternoon sector, both outside the plasmapause where the wave spectrum varied with fLHR and inside the plasmapause where the wave frequency band remained nearly constant. Our plasma instability analysis in three different regions shows that higher and narrow frequency band MS waves are excited locally outside the plasmapause, and lower and broad frequency band MS waves are excited in the region where the density slightly increases. However, there is no evidence for wave excitation inside the plasmapause, and wave propagation from a distant source is needed to explain their existence. The simulation of the MS wave growth rate spectra during this event agrees reasonably well with the observed wave magnetic field power spectra. We also simulated a MS wave event on 19 October 2011 in the dusk sector and found that the ion ring distribution with an ion ring energy slightly higher than the local Alfven energy can excite the typical broad band MS waves outside the plasmapause.
Rapid organic aerosol formation downwind of a highway: Measured and model results from the FEVER study
Authors: Stroud Craig A. , Liggio John , Zhang Jie , Gordon Mark , Staebler Ralf M. , Makar Paul A. , Zhang Junhua , Li Shao‐Meng , Mihele Cristian , Lu Gang , Wang Daniel K. , Wentzell Jeremy , Brook Jeffrey R. , Evans Greg J. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe Fast Evolution of Vehicle Emissions from Roadway (FEVER) study was undertaken to strategically measure pollutant gradients perpendicular to a major highway north of Toronto, Canada. A case study period was analyzed when there was an average perpendicular wind direction. Two independent, fast response measurements were used to infer rapid organic aerosol (OA) growth on a spatial scale from 34 m to 285 m at the same time as a decrease was observed in the mixing ratio of primary emitted species, such as CO2 and NOx. An integrated organic gas and particle sampler also showed that near the highway, the aerosol had a larger semivolatile fraction than lower volatile fraction, but over a relatively short distance downwind of the highway, the aerosol transformed to being more low volatile with the change being driven by both evaporation of semivolatile and production of lower volatile organic aerosol. A new 1‐D column Lagrangian atmospheric chemistry model was developed to help interpret the measured increase in the ∆OA/∆CO2 curve from 34 m to 285 m downwind of highway, where the ∆ refers to background‐corrected concentrations. The model was sensitive to the assumptions for semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs). Different combinations of SVOC emissions and background mixing ratios were able to yield similar model curves and reproduce the observations. Future measurements of total gas‐phase SVOC in equilibrium with aerosol both upwind and downwind of the highway would be helpful to constrain the model.