bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive analysis of college students’ academic procrastination behavior based on a decision tree model
Authors: Song Pu , Liu Xiangwei , Cai Xuan , Zhong Mengmeng , Wang Qingqing , Zhu Xiangmei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPredicting academic procrastination among college students in the context of a public crisis could provide essential academic support and decision-making strategies for higher education institutions to promote student psychological health. Notably, research focusing on predicting academic procrastination behavior among college students in the context of a global crisis is still limited. The purpose of this study is to address this gap by constructing a predictive model based on the decision tree algorithm to predict academic procrastination behavior among college students. A total of 776 college students from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China participated in this study. The study gathered data from multiple aspects relevant to academic procrastination behavior, including demographic information, academic achievements, subjective well-being, smartphone addiction, negative emotions, self-esteem, life autonomy, pro-environmental behavior, academic achievement, and sense of school belonging. Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted utilizing SPSS version 26.0, and decision tree model analysis was performed with Modeler 18.0. The findings of this study identified eight predictive factors of college students’ academic procrastination in order of importance: subjective well-being, smartphone addiction, negative emotions, self-esteem, life autonomy, pro-environmental behavior, academic performance, and sense of school belonging. The model accuracy was 85.78%, and indicating a relatively high level of prediction. The findings of this study not only provided a new perspective for understanding academic procrastination but also offered practical guidance for educators on how to mitigate this behavior.
Speculative culture and corporate high-quality development in China: mediating effect of corporate innovation
Authors: Li Bin , Li Honglei , Sun Guangfan , Tao Jiayi , Lu Chongluan , Guo Changwei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper associates the speculative culture with the corporate total factor productivity (TFP), aiming to explore the influence of speculative culture on corporate high-quality development. The results reveal that the presence of a speculative atmosphere varies across different regions in China, leading to uneven development among companies located in these regions. Specifically, companies situated in regions with a weaker speculative culture demonstrate higher TFP. The finding suggests a causal relationship between speculative culture and corporate high-quality development by adopting an instrumental variable test using natural calamities. Moreover, the research indicates that speculative culture can impact corporate high-quality development by influencing their innovation activities. Additionally, the study identifies heterogeneous effects of speculative culture on companies of different sizes and levels of analyst attention. The implications of this research shed light on the influence of speculative culture on the real economy, providing insights into the informal institutional factors contributing to the corporate high-quality development in different geographical areas. These findings contribute to the promotion of economic high-quality development at the geographical level and inform related policy formulation.
Propagation dynamics of multipole solitons generated in dissipative systems
Authors: Wang Haowen , Wen Jianjun , Xiao Yan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The propagation dynamics of multipole solitons generated in dissipative systems are investigated numerically based on the fractional complex cubic-quintic Ginzburg–Landau equation using the Airy beam as the input beam. The effect of different parameter values on the generation of stable solitons is explored. In addition, we observe different resultant domains of the input beam evolving in the linear loss coefficient or cubic gain coefficient and Lévy index parameter planes. The results show that the evolution can lead to the formation of stable multipole solitons. It is also demonstrated that two solitons merge to form a single soliton. And, the relation between the merger distance and the initial amplitude is given.
Efficacy of radiation attenuating caps in reducing radiation doses received at the cerebral level in interventional physicians: a systematic review
Authors: Ramos-Avasola Sergio , Ponce Lusin , Leon Karla , Cuellar-Fritis Claudio , Querales Marvin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background. Anecdotal reports are appearing in the scientific literature about cases of brain tumors in interventional physicians who are exposed to ionizing radiation. In response to this alarm, several designs of leaded caps have been made commercially available. However, the results reported on their efficacy are discordant. Objective. To synthesize, by means of a systematic review of the literature, the capacity of decreasing radiation levels conferred by radiation attenuating devices (RADs) at the cerebral level of interventional physicians. Methodology. A systematic review was performed including the following databases: MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EBSCO, Science Direct, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (CENTRAL), WOS, WHO International Clinical Trials Register, Scielo and Google Scholar, considering original studies that evaluated the efficacy of RAD in experimental or clinical contexts from January 1990 to May 2023. Data selection and extraction were performed in triplicate, with a fourth author resolving discrepancies. Results. Twenty articles were included in the review from a total of 373 studies initially selected from the databases. From these, twelve studies were performed under clinical conditions encompassing 3801 fluoroscopically guided procedures, ten studies were performed under experimental conditions with phantoms, with a total of 88 procedures, four studies were performed using numerical calculations with a total of 63 procedures. The attenuation and effectiveness of provided by the caps analyzed in the present review varying from 12.3% to 99.9%, and 4.9% to 91% respectively. Conclusion. RAD were found to potentially provide radiation protection, but a high heterogeneity in the shielding afforded was found. This indicates the need for local assessment of cap efficiency according to the practice.
An improved ensemble learning model-based strategy for fault diagnosis of lithium battery double roller press equipment
Authors: Xiao Yanjun , Song Weihan , Yin Shanshan , Wan Feng , Liu Weiling , Zhang Nannan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The production process of lithium batteries is intricate, involving the coordination of various types of equipment. The stability and precision of double roller press equipment directly affect product performance. With the increasing global demand for green energy, the application of lithium batteries in electric vehicles and energy storage systems is expanding, which imposes higher requirements on the stability and quality of lithium battery production. It is an important topic to address the challenges brought about by the gradual intelligentization of double roller presses, such as the complexification of control systems and the diversification of fault reasons. This paper proposes an enhanced ensemble learning model-based fault diagnosis strategy for lithium battery double roller press equipment. Firstly, the K-nearest neighbors algorithm is employed to handle missing data, combined with normalization and standardization methods to improve feature processing, thereby enhancing data quality. Secondly, the Maximum Information Coefficient algorithm is utilized to select features highly correlated with fault labels, combined with the Recursive Feature Elimination with Cross-Validation to further optimize feature selection, creating an optimal feature subset. Finally, a RXS-XGBoost model is constructed through the Stacking ensemble learning method, selecting Random Forest, XGBoost, and Support Vector Machines as base learners, with XGBoost as the meta-learner. This ensemble approach aims to leverage the complementary advantages of different algorithms, enhancing the accuracy and robustness of fault diagnosis. The experimental results demonstrate that this improved ensemble learning diagnostic strategy achieves an accuracy rate of up to 99.05%, which is significantly better than other fault diagnosis strategies. It not only effectively reduces the model’s training complexity and the risk of overfitting but also significantly enhances the efficiency and precision of fault diagnosis for lithium battery double roller press equipment.
Experimental uncertainty evaluation by measuring a micro gear standard using focus variation
Authors: Gauder Daniel , Gölz Johannes , Bott Alexander , Stein Martin , Lanza Gisela 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Micro gears play an increasingly important role in various industrial applications, and the minimization of their deviations is challenging for metrology and manufacturing. A promising method is the focus variation technology, which enables areal measurements of micro gears. Practice-related standards are used to determine measurement uncertainties by comparison with calibration values. In this work, the external micro gear standard of the Physikalisch–Technische Bundesanstalt is used to evaluate experimental measurement uncertainties of a focus variation coordinate measurement system for the first time. The traceable standard with modules between 0.1 and 1 mm is calibrated using micro tactile coordinate measurements. Optical and tactile measurements are then compared. As a result, small expanded measurement uncertainties of less than 4 μm are achieved.
Compensation method of the spiral bevel gear tooth surface error based on eight tooth-surface fitting
Authors: Zhou Lihua , Fang Suping , Liu Yongsheng , Li Yuan , Taguchi Tetsuya , Takeda Ryohei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The misalignment error between the gear theoretical coordinate system and the actual gear coordinate system is illustrated, as well as its influence on the measurement of tooth surface deviation is discussed. In the analysis of the tooth convex and concave surface error measurement process, the measured points in the theoretical coordinate system are transformed from the actual measured points in the actual coordinate system. Then, an eight tooth-surface fitting method is utilized to calculate the misalignment error and a compensation method is given. Finally, actual measurements of three different spiral bevel gears are analyzed, and the misalignment error is calculated. Using the proposed compensation method, both the eccentricity and tilt are compensated to some extent. The machining suggestions for each spiral bevel gear are also given according to its compensated tooth surface error distribution.
Optimization of e-beam lithography parameters for nanofabrication of sub-50 nm gold nanowires and nanogaps based on a bilayer lift-off process
Authors: Sahin Osman , Albayrak Oguz Mustafa , Yapici Murat Kaya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Electron beam lithography (EBL) stands out as a powerful direct-write tool offering nanometer-scale patterning capability and is especially useful in low-volume R&D prototyping when coupled with pattern transfer approaches like etching or lift-off. Among pattern transfer approaches, lift-off is preferred particularly in research settings, as it is cost-effective and safe and does not require tailored wet/dry etch chemistries, fume hoods, and/or complex dry etch tools; all-in-all offering convenient, ‘undercut-free’ pattern transfer rendering it useful, especially for metallic layers and unique alloys with unknown etchant compatibility or low etch selectivity. Despite the widespread use of the lift-off technique and optical/EBL for micron to even sub-micron scales, existing reports in the literature on nanofabrication of metallic structures with critical dimension in the 10–20 nm regime with lift-off-based EBL patterning are either scattered, incomplete, or vary significantly in terms of experimental conditions, which calls for systematic process optimization. To address this issue, beyond what can be found in a typical photoresist datasheet, this paper reports a comprehensive study to calibrate EBL patterning of sub-50 nm metallic nanostructures including gold nanowires and nanogaps based on a lift-off process using bilayer polymethyl-methacrylate as the resist stack. The governing parameters in EBL, including exposure dose, soft-bake temperature, development time, developer solution, substrate type, and proximity effect are experimentally studied through more than 200 EBL runs, and optimal process conditions are determined by field emission scanning electron microscope imaging of the fabricated nanostructures reaching as small as 11 nm feature size.
On fundamental inconsistencies in a commonly used modification of a fluid model for glow discharge
Authors: Zhou Chen , Rafatov Ismail , Wang Ying , Kudryavtsev Anatoly , Yuan Chengxun , Yao Jingfeng , Zhou Zhongxiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This work considers the fundamental contradictions in the concept of one of the most well-known and widely used modifications of the fluid model for simulation of a glow discharge (GD), the ‘local mean energy approximation’ (LMEA). In this model, it is proposed to determine the kinetic coefficients in the electron particle and energy balance equations as functions of the electron mean energy (temperature) rather than local electric field, using a one-to-one correspondence between these parameters through the electron Boltzmann equation. It is shown that the scope of applicability of this model, like any other modification of the fluid model, is limited by the local mode of formation of the electron energy distribution function (EEDF). Therefore, as demonstrated by the examples of typical 1D and 2D problems for a GD in argon, its extension to the region of nonlocal EEDF is in no way justified and leads not only to serious errors in the results, but also to a logically intractable situation in attempts to apply the main postulate of the LMEA model to the region of a weak (or even reverse) electric field in a negative glow plasma. At the same time, the apparent reliability of calculations within the framework of the LMEA model for a number of parameters, in our opinion, only slows down progress in modeling of gas discharge plasma.
QHopNN: investigating quantum advantage in cryptanalysis using a quantum hopfield neural network
Authors: S Hariharasitaraman , Mishra Nilamadhab , D Vishnuvardhanan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Cryptanalysis is crucial for securing cryptographic systems, particularly with the advent of quantum computing, which threatens traditional encryption methods. Advanced cryptanalytic techniques are essential for developing robust systems that can withstand quantum attacks, ensuring encrypted data remains secure and accessible only to authorized parties. This paper introduces the Quantum Hopfield Neural Network (QHopNN) as a novel approach to enhance key recovery in symmetric ciphers. This research provides valuable insights into integrating quantum principles with neural network architectures, paving the way for more secure and efficient cryptographic systems. By leveraging quantum principles like superposition and entanglement, along with Hopfield networks’ pattern recognition and optimization capabilities, QHopNN achieves superior accuracy and efficiency in deciphering encrypted data. Additionally, integrating unitary quantum evolution with dissipative dynamics further enhances the cryptographic robustness and efficiency of QHopNN. The proposed framework is rigorously evaluated using prominent symmetric ciphers, including S-AES and S-DES, and benchmarked against existing state-of-the-art techniques. Experimental results compellingly demonstrate the superiority of QHopNN in key recovery, with a mean Bit Accuracy Probability (BAP) of 0.9706 for S-AES and 0.9815 for S-DES, significantly outperforming current methods. This breakthrough opens new avenues for advancing cryptanalysis and sets the stage for pioneering future research in quantum-inspired cryptographic techniques.
Structural elucidation, morphological properties, dielectric properties and their physical interpretation of cerium-substituted cobalt and barium-based M-type hexagonal nano ferrites
Authors: Jain Ankit , Singh Charanjeet , Godara Sachin Kumar , Jotania Rajshree B , Parmar Dipti , Kaur Varinder , Sood Ashwani Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This research uses the sol–gel method to look into how adding Co2+ and Ce3+ dopant cations changes the structure, shape, and electrical properties of M-type Ba hexagonal ferrites that have been synthesized. x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the successful formation of the targeted hexagonal M-type crystal structure. We observed a reduction in unit cell volume and lattice parameters as the dopant concentration increased, indicating the effective incorporation of dopant ions into the crystal lattice. When the doping process happened, needle-like grain shapes appeared, which could be seen with a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). As the concentration of the dopant increased, the dielectric spectroscopic measurements revealed an increase in the loss tangent (tan δ) from 0.05 to 3.68, and a decrease in the dielectric constant (ε′) from 283 to 3.41. This suggests a reduction in polarization and dielectric permittivity, as well as increased energy dissipation within the material. The electric modulus spectra showed relaxation behaviour that was non-Debye-type, which is another sign that there are complex and multifaceted ways for charges to move. The measurements of relaxation time and AC conductivity showed that the relaxation intervals were not regular and that the conductivity dropped from 2.22*10–4 Ω−1m−1 to 1.4*10–7 Ω−1m−1 as the doping concentration increased. Based on these findings, it seems that the processes of conductivity and dielectric relaxation play a big role in how charges move around in the doped ferrites. We validated complex impedance data obtained through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) software against calculated impedance values. The derived grain and grain boundary characteristics also agreed with the observed grain distribution and boundaries from the micrographs, further corroborating the analysis.
Nonlinear simulations of the peeling-ballooning instability of super H-modes in the HL-3 tokamak
Authors: Zhu Yiren , Zhong Wulyu , Zou Xiaolan , Li Jiaxian , Xue Miao , Li Zhengji , Xue Lei , Xiao Guoliang , Tong Ruihai , Zou Yunpeng , Yin Jiao , Liang Anshu , Liu Linzi , Yuan Boda , Xu Min ,   HL-3 Team
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As the newly built tokamak in China, HL-3 will explore high-performance operation scenarios, such as super H-mode. The energy confinement and core parameters in the super H-mode can be much larger than that in the normal H-mode. Based on the pedestal simulation code EPED, the operation space of the super H-mode is obtained in HL-3. Magnetic shear decreases with increasing triangularity; consequently, a super H-mode can be achieved. The threshold of triangularity for accessing a super H-mode in HL-3 is around 0.4. By using BOUT++, a nonlinear simulation study of the pedestal instabilities in the super H-mode equilibrium is executed for the first time. As expected, the low n peeling mode, which can cause much of the energy loss (17%) from the pedestal region, is dominant in the super H-mode. Such a large collapse in the pedestal region would lead to a transition from super H-mode to H-mode. It is crucial to expand the parameter space of the super H-mode or mitigate the edge-localized mode (ELM) size for sustaining the super H-mode operations. The E × B velocity shear is found to play an important role in controlling the ELMs in HL-3. The small E × B velocity shear leads to a large growth rate but results in a small ELM size around the peeling boundary. The ELM size is closely related to both the growth rate of peeling-ballooning mode and the duration time of the linear phase. In contrast, a large E × B velocity shear can stabilize the instabilities near the ballooning boundary. Next, the parameter space of the super H-mode can be enlarged.
Off-target gradient-driven flows in 3D simulations of ADITYA-Upgrade tokamak scrape-off layer plasma transport
Authors: Malwal Arzoo , Prasad Sahoo Bibhu , Sharma Devendra , Feng Yühe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Coupled plasma-neutral transport simulations are performed on ADITYA-Upgrade tokamak scrape-off layer (SOL) plasma, where flows in the core and SOL were measured to reverse signs with density variation. The simulations performed using the EMC3-Eirene plasma-neutral code combination incorporate the toroidally continuous high-field-side belt limiter placed in a moderate circular tokamak equilibrium. The development of mutually counter-propagating toroidal plasma flows in the top and bottom regions of both the SOL and core is recovered for relatively high upstream density cases with high input power (300 kW and 3 m2 s−1). The origin of the flows is traced to the poloidal density variation introduced by high recycling on the inboard localized belt limiter. The results are compared with similar observations, for example, in Doppler-shifted passive charge exchange line emission on the ADITYA-Upgrade (ADITYA-U) tokamak, highlighting the role played by residual stress in the total Reynolds stress. The external stimuli, such as a localized gas puff, are discussed as potential drivers of flow, via residual stress, based on the existing resonant model of the tokamak plasma rotation.
Redrawing the electoral map
Authors: Furlong Jamie , Jennings Will 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The 2019 British general election saw a dramatic redrawing of the electoral map, with the Labour Party losing seats to the Conservatives in former heartlands in the North of England and Midlands. This long-term decline is not mirrored in major cities or in university towns, where Labour’s support has been increasing. What has driven these changes in electoral geography? This chapter introduces the mechanisms we believe are driving these significant shifts in the geographical basis of electoral competition. It outlines our core arguments regarding how demographic change, combined with party appeals to voters, give rise to changes in electoral geography. We illustrate the divergent trajectories of electoral support for Labour and the Conservatives in former industrial constituencies, deprived parts of major cities, cosmopolitan city suburbs, and university towns. The chapter sets out our analytical approach, why focusing on space and place matters, and gives an overview of the book’s structure.
Conclusion
Authors: Furlong Jamie , Jennings Will 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This closing chapter summarizes our evidence and explanation of gradual changes—with notable accelerations and decelerations—in the geographical basis of electoral competition in England and Wales. We reflect on the drivers of changing electoral geography (long-term trends in social and economic structure and their geographic expression), putting Britain in comparative context. We provide an overview of the ways in which electoral outcomes have varied by region and place over time, and how the sociodemographic and economic predictors of voting at the constituency level have varied. We argue that there is substantial analytical and empirical value in identifying areas where parties defy the predictions of statistical models, and in using qualitative methods to better understand those cases. We suggest there is much uncertainty regarding how these developments might play out in the future, but argue that the importance of electoral geography should not be underestimated for the chances of parties taking office.