bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factorial combinations of protein interactions generate a multiplicity of florigen activation complexes in wheat and barley
Authors: Li Chengxia , Lin Huiqiong , Dubcovsky Jorge 
Published: August 2015

SummaryThe FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) protein is a central component of a mobile flowering signal (florigen) that is transported from leaves to the shoot apical meristem (SAM). Two FT monomers and two DNA‐binding bZIP transcription factors interact with a dimeric 14‐3‐3 protein bridge to form a hexameric protein complex. This complex, designated as the ‘florigen activation complex’ (FAC), plays a critical role in flowering. The wheat homologue of FT, designated FT1 (= VRN3), activates expression of VRN1 in the leaves and the SAM, promoting flowering under inductive long days. In this study, we show that FT1, other FT‐like proteins, and different FD‐like proteins, can interact with multiple wheat and barley 14‐3‐3 proteins. We also identify the critical amino acid residues in FT1 and FD‐like proteins required for their interactions, and demonstrate that 14‐3‐3 proteins are necessary bridges to mediate the FT1–TaFDL2 interaction. Using in vivo bimolecular fluorescent complementation (BiFC) assays, we demonstrate that the interaction between FT1 and 14‐3‐3 occurs in the cytoplasm, and that this complex is then translocated to the nucleus, where it interacts with TaFDL2 to form a FAC. We also demonstrate that a FAC including FT1, TaFDL2 and Ta14‐3‐3C can bind to the VRN1 promoter in vitro. Finally, we show that relative transcript levels of FD‐like and 14‐3‐3 genes vary among tissues and developmental stages. Since FD‐like proteins determine the DNA specificity of the FACs, variation in FD‐like gene expression can result in spatial and temporal modulation of the effects of mobile FT‐like signals.
The metacommunicative lexicon of Nigerian Pidgin
Authors: HEYD THERESA 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTThis paper reports on a specific lexical field of Nigerian Pidgin (NgP), namely its metacommunicative lexicon. Based on a corpus approach, the study identifies a set of lexical items that refer to acts of communication, in particular verbs of speaking and folk‐linguistic labels for varieties and registers that pertain to the use of NgP. This study contributes to our understanding of lexical usage in NgP, a field that is less documented than its phonology and syntax. The metalinguistic lexicon of NgP is also instrumental in performing ‘enregisterment talk’ on two levels: how individual speakers position themselves in interaction, and how the overall Nigerian language ecology and legitimate ways of being a Nigerian speaker are constructed.
Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus megaterium Siphophage Stills
Authors: Lee Simon S. , Kongari Rohit R. , Hernandez Adriana C. , Kuty Everett Gabriel F. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Bacillus megaterium
is a soil-dwelling bacterium frequently used in research as a model organism and in industry in protein production applications. Bacteriophages may be used to enhance the use of this bacterium. Here, we describe the complete genome of
B. megaterium
siphophage Stills and its core features.
Draft Genome Sequence for ICMP 5702, the Type Strain of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp.carotovorumThat Causes Soft Rot Disease on Potato
Authors: Panda Preetinanda , Lu Ashley , Armstrong Karen F. , Pitman Andrew R. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTPectobacteriumspecies are economically important bacteria that cause soft rotting of potato tubers in the field and in storage. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the type strain forP. carotovorumsubsp.carotovorum, ICMP 5702 (ATCC 15713). The genome sequence of ICMP 5702 will provide an important reference for future phylogenomic and taxonomic studies of the phytopathogenicEnterobacteriaceae.
Complete Genome Sequence of Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli O96:H19 Associated with a Severe Foodborne Outbreak
Authors: Pettengill Emily A. , Hoffmann Maria , Binet Rachel , Roberts Richard J. , Payne Justin , Allard Marc , Michelacci Valeria , Minelli Fabio , Morabito Stefano 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

We present here the complete genome sequence of a strain of enteroinvasive
Escherichia coli
O96:H19 from a severe foodborne outbreak in a canteen in Italy in 2014. The complete genome may provide important information about the acquired pathogenicity of this strain and the transition between commensal and pathogenic
E. coli
.
HMGA1 overexpression is associated with a particular subset of human breast carcinomas
Authors: Sepe Romina , Piscuoglio Salvatore , Quintavalle Cristina , Perrina Valeria , Quagliata Luca , Formisano Umberto , Terracciano Luigi Maria , Fusco Alfredo , Pallante Pierlorenzo 
Published: August 2015

ObjectivesBreast cancer represents the second leading cause of cancer mortality among American women and accounts for more than 40 000 deaths annually. High-mobility group A1 (HMGA1) expression has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of human malignant tumours, including breast carcinomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate HMGA1 detection as an indicator for the diagnosis and prognosis of human breast carcinoma.MethodsHMGA1 expression has been analysed by immunohistochemistry in a large series of breast carcinoma resections (1338) combined on a tissue microarray mainly including the ductal carcinoma variant. The results were then correlated with clinicopathological parameters of patients.ResultsHMGA1 overexpression was found in the large majority of breast carcinoma samples and its overexpression positively correlated withHER-2/neuamplification and progesterone receptor, while a negative correlation was found with oestrogen receptor. Conversely, no HMGA1 expression was found in normal breast tissues.ConclusionsThe data reported here indicate that HMGA1 is overexpressed in human breast carcinomas and its levels are associated with a particular endocrine status.
miR-200c Targets CDK2 and Suppresses Tumorigenesis in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xuegang , Chen Xuanyu , Han Weiwei , Ruan Anming , Chen Li , Wang Rong , Xu Zhenghong , Xiao Pei , Lu Xing , Zhao Yan , Zhou Jia , Chen Shaoyong , Du Quansheng , Yang Hongmei , Zhang Xiaoping 
Published: August 2015

AbstractmiRNA expression profiles are widely investigated in the major cancers, but their specific roles and functions in cancers have not yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, miRNA expression profiles were determined in clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) and in matched normal kidney tissues by using a miRNA microarray platform which covers a total of 851 human miRNAs. Differential expression of 74 miRNAs were identified between ccRCC specimens and their matched adjacent noncancerous tissues, of which 30 were significantly upregulated in ccRCCs, and the other 44 were downregulated (fold change ≥ 2, P &lt; 0.05). Interestingly, miR-200c was commonly downregulated in ccRCC specimens and ccRCC cell lines with significant functional consequences. Growth curve and FACS assay indicated that overexpression of miR-200c suppressed cell growth and induced cell-cycle arrest at G0–G1 phases in SN12-PM6 and 786-O cells. Furthermore, miR-200c could suppress in vivo tumor growth of SN12-PM6 cells in mice. Bioinformatics exposed cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) as a potential target of miR-200c, which was validated using a luciferase reporter assay. Mechanistic investigations revealed that miR-200c was directly responsible for suppressing the expression of CDK2 in ccRCC cell lines and xenografts. Taken together, miR-200c plays an antioncogenic role in ccRCC, through controlling cell growth and cell-cycle progression by downregulating the G1–S regulator CDK2.Implications: miR-200c exerts its novel antioncogenic function in renal cell carcinoma by controlling CDK2-dependent cell growth and cell-cycle progression. Mol Cancer Res; 13(12); 1567–77. ©2015 AACR.
Tumor-Derived Cell Lines as Molecular Models of Cancer Pharmacogenomics
Authors: Goodspeed Andrew , Heiser Laura M. , Gray Joe W. , Costello James C. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Compared with normal cells, tumor cells have undergone an array of genetic and epigenetic alterations. Often, these changes underlie cancer development, progression, and drug resistance, so the utility of model systems rests on their ability to recapitulate the genomic aberrations observed in primary tumors. Tumor-derived cell lines have long been used to study the underlying biologic processes in cancer, as well as screening platforms for discovering and evaluating the efficacy of anticancer therapeutics. Multiple -omic measurements across more than a thousand cancer cell lines have been produced following advances in high-throughput technologies and multigroup collaborative projects. These data complement the large, international cancer genomic sequencing efforts to characterize patient tumors, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC). Given the scope and scale of data that have been generated, researchers are now in a position to evaluate the similarities and differences that exist in genomic features between cell lines and patient samples. As pharmacogenomics models, cell lines offer the advantages of being easily grown, relatively inexpensive, and amenable to high-throughput testing of therapeutic agents. Data generated from cell lines can then be used to link cellular drug response to genomic features, where the ultimate goal is to build predictive signatures of patient outcome. This review highlights the recent work that has compared -omic profiles of cell lines with primary tumors, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of cancer cell lines as pharmacogenomic models of anticancer therapies. Mol Cancer Res; 14(1); 3–13. ©2015 AACR.
Duration of Heart Failure Is an Important Predictor of Outcomes After Mechanical Circulatory Support
Authors: Loyaga-Rendon Renzo Y. , Acharya Deepak , Pamboukian Salpy V. , Tallaj Jose A. , Cantor Ryan , Starling Randall C. , Naftel David C. , Kirklin James K. 
Published: August 2015

Background—
Heart failure (HF) progression results in worsening functional capacity and end-organ compromise. HF may occur acutely or be associated with a chronic presentation. We hypothesized that the duration of HF affects outcomes after mechanical circulatory support.

Methods and Results—

A total of 10 730 patients registered in Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) who received primary implant of a mechanical circulatory support device were stratified according to the duration of HF symptoms: acute HF (AHF; ≤1 month), sub-AHF (1–12 months), and chronic HF (Cr-HF; ≥ 12 months). AHF patients were younger with a higher proportion of women and white and with a lower prevalence of peripheral vascular disease and history of prior cardiac surgeries. Sixty percent of AHF patients were INTERMACS profile 1 at the time of implantation versus 24% and 13.2% in the sub-AHF and Cr-HF groups, respectively (
P
=0.0001). Patients with AHF had the highest utilization of biventricular support (14.4%). The estimated survival at 4 years was 58%, 51%, and 45% for the AHF, sub-AHF, and Cr-HF patients (
P
=0.006). The proportion of patients with AHF who received heart transplantation at 1 year was 29% compared with 22.6% in the patients with Cr-HF. After adjustment for known risk factors of adverse outcome, patients with AHF have a better late phase prognosis compared with patients with Cr-HF (hazard ratio, 0.34;
P
=0.0003).

Conclusions—
The duration of HF before durable mechanical circulatory support implant is an important variable influencing outcome. Patients with AHF had improved survival at 4 years and higher rates of transplantation at 1 year despite higher acuity of presentation.
Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis in Children
Authors: Press Craig A. , Lindsay Aaron , Stence Nicholas V. , Fenton Laura Z. , Bernard Timothy J. , Mirsky David M. 
Published: August 2015

Background and Purpose—
Cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is a rare life-threatening cerebrovascular disease known to cause carotid artery narrowing (CAN) and arterial ischemic stroke. The imaging features of CST and related complications have been reported in adults, but rarely in children.

Methods—
We performed a retrospective review of children with imaging confirmed CST from 2003 to 2014, describing presenting symptoms, imaging findings, and treatment.

Results—
Ten patients with CST were identified. All had CAN and 6 of 10 developed infarcts. Of 8 patients treated with anticoagulation therapy, 3 developed new infarcts. None required discontinuation of anticoagulation therapy because of bleeding. Visual impairment secondary to infectious neuritis was common. Imaging characteristics include cavernous sinus expansion, filling defects, restricted diffusion, arterial wall enhancement, empyema, superior ophthalmic vein enlargement and thrombosis, orbital cellulitis, and pituitary inflammation. CAN resolved in 60% of cases. Outcomes were mostly good, with a modified Rankin Scale score of ≤1 for 7 of 10 patients at discharge and 1 death.

Conclusions—
CAN and infarcts were common in this modest cohort of children with CST. Despite the high incidence of CAN and infarction, outcomes were often favorable. Although this is the largest cohort of childhood CST reported to date, large multicenter cohorts are needed to confirm our findings and determine the preferred therapeutic strategies for childhood CST.
Intracranial Carotid Calcification on Cranial Computed Tomography
Authors: Subedi Deepak , Zishan Umme Sara , Chappell Francesca , Gregoriades Maria-Lena , Sudlow Cathie , Sellar Robin , Wardlaw Joanna 
Published: August 2015

Background and Purpose—
Intracranial internal carotid artery calcification is associated with cerebrovascular risk factors and stroke, but few quantification methods are available. We tested the reliability of visual scoring, semiautomated Agatston score, and calcium volume measurement in patients with recent stroke.

Methods—
We used scans from a prospective hospital stroke registry and included patients with anterior circulation ischemic stroke or transient ischemic stroke whose noncontrast cranial computed tomographic scans were available electronically. Two raters measured semiautomatic quantitative Agatston score, and calcium volume, and performed qualitative visual scoring using the original 4-point Woodcock score and a modified Woodcock score, where each image on which the internal carotid arteries appeared was scored and the slice scores summed.

Results—

Intra- and interobserver coefficient of variations were 8.8% and 16.5% for Agatston, 8.8% and 15.5% for calcium volume, and 5.7% and 5.4% for the modified Woodcock visual score, respectively. The modified Woodcock visual score correlated strongly with both Agatston and calcium volume quantitative measures (both
R
2
=0.84;
P
<0.0001); calcium volume increased by 0.47-mm/point increase in modified Woodcock visual score. Intracranial internal carotid artery calcification increased with age by all measures (eg, visual score, Spearman ρ=0.4;
P
=0.005).

Conclusions—
Visual scores correlate highly with quantitative intracranial internal carotid artery calcification measures, with excellent observer agreements. Visual intracranial internal carotid artery scores could be a rapid and practical method for epidemiological studies.
Safety and Tolerability of Desmoteplase Within 3 to 9 Hours After Symptoms Onset in Japanese Patients With Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Mori Etsuro , Minematsu Kazuo , Nakagawara Jyoji , Hasegawa Yasuhiro , Nagahiro Shinji , Okada Yasushi , Truelsen Thomas , Lindsten Annika , Ogawa Akira , Yamaguchi Takenori 
Published: August 2015

Background and Purpose—
This study investigated the safety and tolerability of desmoteplase administered within 3 to 9 hours after stroke symptoms onset in Japanese patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods—
Patients were randomized to treatment with either desmoteplase or placebo in a 2:1 ratio in 2 consecutive cohorts (70 μg/kg and then 90 μg/kg). Included patients had a baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 4 to 24 and occlusion or high-grade stenosis in the middle cerebral artery segment M1 or M2 on magnetic resonance angiography. The incidence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (≤72 hours) was defined as the primary end point. The occurrence of asymptomatic ICH, symptomatic cerebral edemas, and adverse events were other safety outcomes of special interest.

Results—
Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage was observed within 72 hours in 2 patients treated with placebo and in 1 patient treated with 70 μg/kg desmoteplase. Any ICH (symptomatic or asymptomatic ICH) within 72 hours were observed in 7 (43.8%) patients treated with placebo, in 8 (50%) patients treated with 70 μg/kg desmoteplase, and in 9 (56.3%) patients treated with 90 μg/kg desmoteplase. Desmoteplase treatment with 70 or 90 μg/kg was not associated with an increased risk of symptomatic cerebral edema compared with placebo. There were no other serious safety concerns associated with desmoteplase.

Conclusions—
Desmoteplase in both 70 and 90 μg/kg doses had a favorable safety profile and was well tolerated in Japanese patients with acute ischemic stroke when administered 3 to 9 hours after stroke symptoms onset.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01104467.
The genus Loimia Malmgren, 1866 (Annelida: Terebellidae) off the Brazilian coast, with description of three new species and notes on some morphological characters of the genus
Authors: CARRERETTE ORLEMIR , NOGUEIRA JOÃO MIGUEL DE MATOS 
Published: August 2015

Three new species of Loimia were collected along the Brazilian coast, during some independent projects, from shallow to deep waters off the continental slope. These species are L. megaoculata sp. nov., L. armata sp. nov., and L. brasiliensis sp. nov., all herein described and compared with the morphologically most similar congeners. Loimia megaoculata sp. nov., is characterized by having large, dark eyespots, progressively smaller from dorso-laterally towards lateral basal part of prostomium; lobes of segment 1 are distally rounded, roughly circular, barely reaching mid-length of upper lip; uncini have up to 6–7 teeth, including basal-most tooth. Loimia armata sp. nov., lacks eyespots; stout lobes of segment 1 nearly reach level of upper lip; uncini have up to 7–8 teeth, including basal-most tooth. Loimia brasiliensis sp. nov., has two narrow rows of eyespots; lobes of segment 1 are thin, reaching mid-length of upper lip; uncini have 5–6 teeth, including basal-most tooth. We provide a brief discussion on the main morphological characters useful for the taxonomy of this genus, such as presence of eyespots, and morphology of lobes of segments 1 and 3, of mid-ventral pads and neurochaetae. Up to now only two species had been recorded from Brazil, namely L. grubei and L. medusa, both doubtful records, as discussed along this paper.
Meridional Overturning Circulations Driven by Surface Wind and Buoyancy Forcing
Authors: Bell Michael J. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe meridional overturning circulation (MOC) can be considered to consist of a downwelling limb in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and an upwelling limb in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) that are connected via western boundary currents. Steady-state analytical gyre-scale solutions of the planetary geostrophic equations are derived for a downwelling limb driven in the NH solely by surface heat loss. In these solutions the rates of the water mass transformations between layers driven by the surface heat loss determine the strength of the downwelling limb. Simple expressions are obtained for these transformation rates that depend on the most southerly latitudes where heat loss occurs and the depths of the isopycnals on the eastern boundary. Previously derived expressions for the water mass transformation rates in subpolar gyres driven by the Ekman upwelling characteristic of the SH are also summarized. Explicit expressions for the MOC transport and the depths of isopycnals on the eastern boundary are then derived by equating the water mass transformations in the upwelling and downwelling limbs. The MOC obtained for a “single-basin” two-layer model is shown to be generally consistent with that obtained by Gnanadesikan. The model’s energetics are derived and discussed. In a world without a circumpolar channel in the SH, it is suggested that the upwelling limb would feed downwelling limbs in both hemispheres. In a world with two basins in the NH, if one of them has a strong halocline the model suggests that the MOC would be very weak in that basin.
Preoperative 4D CT Localization of Nonlocalizing Parathyroid Adenomas by Ultrasound and SPECT‐CT
Authors: Hinson Andrew M. , Lee David R. , Hobbs Bradley A. , Fitzgerald Ryan T. , Bodenner Donald L. , Stack Brendan C. 
Published: August 2015

ObjectiveTo evaluate 4‐dimensional (4D) computed tomography (CT) for the localization of parathyroid adenomas previously considered nonlocalizing on ultrasound and single‐photon emission CT with CT scanning (SPECT‐CT). To measure radiation exposure associated with 4D‐CT and compared it with SPECT‐CT.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingUniversity tertiary hospital.Subjects and MethodsNineteen adults with primary hyperparathyroidism who underwent preoperative 4D CT from November 2013 through July 2014 after nonlocalizing preoperative ultrasound and technetium‐99m SPECT‐CT scans. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and accuracy of 4D CT were evaluated.ResultsNineteen patients (16 women and 3 men) were included with a mean age of 66 years (range, 39‐80 years). Mean preoperative parathyroid hormone level was 108.5 pg/mL (range, 59.3‐220.9 pg/mL), and mean weight of the excised gland was 350 mg (range, 83‐797 mg). 4D CT sensitivity and specificity for localization to the patient’s correct side of the neck were 84.2% and 81.8%, respectively; accuracy was 82.9%. The sensitivity for localizing adenomas to the correct quadrant was 76.5% and 91.5%, respectively; accuracy was 88.2%. 4D CT radiation exposure was significantly less than the radiation associated with SPECT‐CT (13.8 vs 18.4 mSv, P = 0.04).Conclusion4D CT localizes parathyroid adenomas with relatively high sensitivity and specificity and allows for the localization of some adenomas not observed on other sestamibi‐based scans. 4D CT was also associated with less radiation exposure when compared with SPECT‐CT based on our study protocol. 4D CT may be considered as first‐ or second‐line imaging for localizing parathyroid adenomas in the setting of primary hyperparathyroidism.