bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telemedicine screening for diagnosis of retinopathy of prematurity in clinical practice
Authors: LUX AL , LASTENET F , DENION E 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To compare the Retcam Shuttle used in telemedicine and performed by a non‐ophthalmologist with the “gold standard” of binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy performed by a referent ophthalmologist for the diagnostic of retinopathy of prematurity.Methods Retrospective analysis of the archival data gathered in 18 months between 1 May 2011 and 1 November 2012 in two centers: one practicing telemedicine and one using indirect ophthalmoscopy. The same ophthalmologist was reading the images obtained by Retcam in the first center and performing the fundus examination in the other center. A total of 255 infants were examined, 74 by Retcam and 181 by indirect ophthalmoscopy, resulting in 570 examinations (141 and 429 respectively).Results The mean birth weight of the infants was 1300 grammes (SD 340 grammes) in the center practicing telemedicine and 1130 grammes (SD 440 grammes) in the center using indirect ophthalmocopy. The mean gestational age were 28 weeks (SD 12 days) and 27 weeks (SD 19 days) respectively. A total of 1.8 examinations per infant were performed in the center practicing telemedicine, 2.4 in the other one. Retinopathy of prematurity was diagnosed in 13% of infants of the center using telemedicine and 20% of the other one.Conclusion Telemedicine can be useful to diagnose retinopathy of prematurity especially in remote areas but it seems to have a lack of sensibility. A very tiny collaboration between the center practicing telemedicine and the ophthalmologist should be sought to improve the results of screening.
Utility of systematic ophthalmological screening in congenital toxoplasmosis: Epidemiological study of a French cohort between 1990 and 2011
Authors: SAUER A , CANDOLFI E , ESCANDE B , SPEEG‐SCHATZ C , SUBILIA‐GUIGNIER A 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Ophthalmologic complications of congenital toxoplasmosis, such as retino‐choroiditis, are particularly feared. Any child with confirmed congenital toxoplasmosis is treated and regularly followed with many fundus examinations. The aim of our study is to describe the management and monitoring of a cohort of patients with congenital toxoplasmosis in Alsace, and the impact of this disease in terms of parental anxiety using a standardized questionnaire.Methods Our study recorded 35 children with congenital toxoplasmosis, born between 1990 and 2011 in Alsace. All patients were followed by an ophthalmologist. A standardized questionnaire concerning the experience of pregnancy and post‐natal follow up were submitted to parents.Results At birth, a retinochoroiditis was detected in 2 children, and only one child developed the disease during routine monitoring. Brain abnormalities were noted in 3 children at birth, none of them presented with retinochoroiditis to this day. An average score of 15 out of 23 was found by our standardized questionnaire, reflecting significant anxiety due to congenital toxoplasmosis.Conclusion Parental anxiety due to congenital toxoplasmosis is obvious. A directed follow‐up by a complete pediatric examination at birth, including eye fundus, and good information on functional signs of ocular toxoplasmosis may improve the screening without impact on visual function.
Cataract morphology, visual function and quality of life: A prospective observational study of surgical section
Authors: ASPINALL P , KLIJN S , REUS NJ , DHILLON B 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe sought to identify the relative importance placed on quality of life indicators amongst other patient‐specific determinants of cataract surgery in a 12‐month prospective study carried out at Princess Alexandra Eye hospital in Edinburgh attending 6 consultant teams. Data collection was carried out covering three major domains:visual function: (1) visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, retinal straylight measurement, (2) cataract morphology: Oxford cataract classification scale (3)quality of life:VF14, Massof and Sparrow Questionnaire. Patient factors predicting surgical selection reflective of current practice were best‐corrected visual acuity, brunescence grades and straylight measures, rather than quality of life scores across all grades of presenting severity for all consultant teams. Reducing thresholds for surgery and a "ceiling effect" may explain the poor predictive power of vision‐specific quality of life scales in current cataract surgical selection.
Simple novel surgical device to facilitate preparation of endothelial grafts for DMEK
Authors: MURAINE M , GUEUDRY J , TOUBEAU D , LEFEVRE S , AFFRIAT M 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Descemet’s membrane and endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) is the only technique to achieve a posterior corneal transplant without any interface. It is however difficult to achieve, mainly during the preparation of the graft. We propose a simple novel surgical device to facilitate this preparation.Methods We used 20 corneas for research in this study. The device is in the form of a circular blade with a diameter of 8.5 mm. The blade is broken in two opposite points on 4 mm. The blade is applied to the cornea in order to cut Descemet's membrane and deep stroma. Preparation of the endothelial graft is performed on an artificial anterior chamber using a simple technique with a 27 gauge cannula to detach Descemet’s membrane. The dissection is performed under the microscope by a corneal bank technician in 8 cases, by a resident in 4 cases by a cataract surgeon in 8 cases. The three operators followed a specific course on the same day of dissection but had never tried to dissect a DMEK graft before. Endothelial cell density (ECD) was measured before dissection and 3 days after storage in organ culture. Histological analysis was performed.Results Descemet graft could be easily dissected in 19 cases and resident failed dissection in one case. ECD was 2534±275 cells/mm² before dissection and 2412+/‐360 cells/mm², after 3 days in organ culture (p<0.01). Histological sections confirm that the cleavage was between DM and posterior stroma.Conclusion We report here a reliable and efficient technique for the preparation of pure descemetic grafts.
Commercial interest
Allergic conjunctivitis related to cat and dog dander
Authors: ALMALIOTIS D , MICHAILOPOULOS P , GIOULEKA P , GIOULEKAS D , NAKOS E , XANTHOPOULOU E , KARAMPATAKIS V 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose A retrospective study on the prevalence of sensitization to cat and dog dander in patients with allergic conjunctivitis.Methods 284 patients with allergic conjunctivitis (124 males‐160 females), with age from 18 to 70 years old (mean age: 42.30 for males, 41.35 for females), underwent skin prick tests (SPTs) to cat and dog dander according to current guidelines.Results The results showed that more frequent allergens (positive SPTs) were cat dander 67/284 (23.59%), while dog dander showed lower positivity rates 44/284 (15.49%). As regards gender, 33 from 67 patients with positivity to cat dander were males and 34 were females. The numbers for sensitivity to dog dander were 20 males and the rest 24 females, indicating no sex predilection.Conclusion Symptoms and signs of ocular allergy are very common and may be related to sensitization to cat and dog dander among other factors. The patients with allergic conjunctivitis included in our study tended to have positivity to cat rather to dog dander. No sex predilection was observed.
Myofibroblast biology and interactions with the environment
Authors: DESMOULIERE A 
Published: November 2013

AbstractNormal tissue repair includes a number of overlapping phases. After injury, there is usually an early inflammatory step. Next, as granulation tissue forms, fibroblasts invade the wound and begin to replace the provisional matrix with a more mature wound matrix. As the granulation tissue phase proceeds, fibroblasts acquire a new phenotype with prominent microfilament bundles. These typical myofibroblasts (MFs) have been shown to develop a smooth muscle‐like phenotype, and are responsible for wound contraction. Lastly, in the resolution phase of healing, there is considerable loss of cell types including MFs, by apoptosis. Inappropriate delay of apoptosis, and thus increased survival of MFs activated during the healing process, may be a factor which leads to pathological situations and excessive scarring. In most situations, MFs derive from local connective tissue cells but it has now become clear that other cells can contribute to MF production. Both MF differentiation and apoptosis are dependent on cytokines, mechanical stress and more generally on cell‐cell and/or cell‐matrix interactions. The control of the MF activity represents an important target to promote healing and to limit excessive scarring.
Fibrotic alterations in glaucoma
Authors: WALLACE D 
Published: November 2013

AbstractGlaucoma is the second leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, thought to affect 60 million people. It is a chronic progressive optic neuropathy with characteristic changes in the optic nerve head and subsequent visual field defects. In glaucoma, the lamina cribrosa (LC) region undergoes thickening and posterior migration in the early stages of the disease process, and later undergoes shearing and collapse of the LC plates leading finally to a thin fibrotic connective tissue structure/scar. This is characterised by the build‐up of extracellular matrix material and it is thought that this accumulation eventually results in elevated intraocular pressure and subsequent nerve damage. Here, we directly address the ongoing fibrotic pathology by use of alpha‐smooth actin expressing (myofibroblast‐like) human primary LC cells, including mechanisms of fibrosis and potential anti‐fibrotic therapies. Additionally we discuss the potential role of the Retinal Pigment Epithelial cell as a mediator of glaucomatous optic disc cupping / fibrosis through epithelial to mesenchymal transition.
Reducing high intraocular pressure with hypertonic saline before eye surgery
Authors: TORVINEN PIA 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To compare the effect of intravenous hypertonic saline (IVHTS) on intraocular pressure (IOP) among patients with exfoliation glaucoma (ExG), primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG), and ocular hypertension (OHT).Methods A prospective, interventional trial. Included were patients with an IOP 24‐30 mmHg with or without topical medication. Excluded were patients using oral acetazolamide medication, those with heart or kidney failure, dementia or other systemic condition that markedly decreased physical performance. Participants received a bolus of 23.4% IVHTS trough an antecubital vein. Infusion rate was 1 ml/s and dosage 1.0 mmol/kg sodium in all patients. We measured IOP before we injected the bolus (baseline), every minute after injection for 10 minutes, and then less frequently for 2 hours.Results A total of 35 patients participated (mean age 69 y, standard deviation [SD] 9); 16 ExG, 13 POAG, and 6 OHT patients. The baseline IOP 26.2 (SD, 1.7) mmHg was significantly reduced two minutes after treatment to 22.4 (SD, 2.6) mmHg (P<0.001). Maximum IOP reduction was achieved after 10 minutes, at which time IOP was reduced to 17.3 (SD, 2.9) mmHg (P<0.001), and the mean percentage IOP reduction was 34% (SD, 9). Mean IOP reduction was similar between groups (P=0.351; One‐Way ANOVA). Two hours after treatment, the mean percentage IOP reduction was 26% (SD, 14). Within 1‐2 minutes of treatment, 31 patients felt some sensation (pain, pressure) in the infusion arm, and 22 patients reported a feeling of warmth in their head.Conclusion Hypertonic saline seems to be an effective and a rapid method to reduce IOP. This reduction seems to be independent of topical medication or glaucoma subgroup. IVHTS could be a practical method to reduce IOP before or during eye surgery.
Motion perception in early glaucoma
Authors: FRANCOZ A , CARLINI A , CREUZOT‐GARCHER C , POZZO T , BRON AM 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose The aim was to underline changes in the motion perception for early glaucoma. Our hypothesis consisted in inquiring if the impairment of the magnocellular pathway may modify the motion perception.Methods We included 14 healthy subjects and 14 patients with early primary open angle glaucoma. A moving target was presented on a semicircular screen; participants were asked to localize the Ending Point (EP) of each motion. A stimulus consisted in a white dot moving horizontally. Two different laws of motion were displayed: a “biological” motion, consisting in a bell‐shaped velocity profile, and a “non‐biological” motion corresponding to a constant velocity profile. EP may be displayed in the peri‐central or peripheral visual field. The experiment was constituted by 192 trials. We calculated the PCE (Position Constant Error) which was defined as the average difference between the estimation of the EP indicated by the participant versus the true location of the target. The PVE (Position Variable Error) was defined as the standard deviation of the responses of each participant.Results All the participants overestimated the EP (13.23±8.87 mm for healthy subjects and 17.06±13.07 mm for glaucoma patients, p=0.2518). The PVE was 28.14±6.86 mm for healthy subjects and 40.95±9.83 mm for glaucoma patients (p=0.0004). There was a significant difference in the PVE for both groups when stimulus moved accordingly to the “non‐biological” velocity profile (p=0.0001). Glaucoma patients had substantial PVE increase when the target image had a “non‐biological” speed profile (p=0.0388).Conclusion The unexpected lack of difference between normal subjects and patients in localizing a moving stimulus suggested that the visual deficiency could be partly compensated by endogenous informations.
Bioengineering and stem cells for corneal endothelial cell therapy
Authors: THURET G , HE Z , SUFFEE N , BERNARD A , NAIGEON N , NANGOUM‐FOSSO T , CROUZET E , PISELLI S , HA THI BM , FOREST F , DUMOLLARD JM , PEOC’H M , GAIN P 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe global planetary scarcity for corneal donation pushes research teams to develop substitution strategies. The worldwide success of endothelial keratoplasty (EK) has profoundly simplified the paradigm of corneal bioengineering since the technical and biological requirements for EK is far simpler than for full thickness corneas. Two main concepts have recently emerged: bioengineered endothelial cell (EC) sheets inserted into the anterior chamber or EC suspension ready to be injected. Review of the literature and personal works from our laboratory of corneal bioengineering. According to the local availability of donors, researchers either focus on the optimization of the use of human corneas or on the development of alternative substitutes comprising transformation of primarily non‐ocular human cell types (hECS, hIPS or MSC) and bioartificial or animal decellularized substrates as a carrier. We chose to use only human tissues and developped different methods able to multiply the EK available. With femtosecond laser cut, 5 to 7 EK seemed feasible with 1 donor. We also patented a corneal bioreactor helpful during the bioengineering process itself as well as for preclinical validation of the new advanced therapeutic medicinal products on ex vivo human corneas. Numerous proofs of concepts have been obtained and several preclinical animals studies done. The very first‐in‐man applications was done in Japan with injection of cultured EC. All these promising complementary strategies may constitute the tomorrow endothelial dysfunction treatments. Grants: ABM 2013, ANSM 2012, EFS 2012
Pluripotent stem cells (ES & iPS) for treatment of retinal dystrophies
Authors: GOUREAU O 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe impaired or complete loss of function of photoreceptor cells or supporting retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) is the main cause of irreversible blindness in retinal diseases, such as inherited retinal degenerations and age‐related macular degeneration (AMD). Rescuing the degenerated retina is a major challenge and cell replacement is one of the most promising approaches with the use of pluripotent stem cells. Human embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells that have the ability to be expanded indefinitely in culture whilst retaining their pluripotent status could be used as an unlimited source of retinal cells for tissue transplantation. The current challenge is actually to determine culture conditions for efficient and directed differentiation of human ES/ iPS cells into RPE or photoreceptors, so that large numbers of these cells might be transplanted at the optimal stage. We will present several approaches allowing the generation of RPE cells from human ES and iPS cells; and we will reported the ability of these stem cells to be committed into the neural retinal lineage, and further to be differentiated into photoreceptor cells following different protocols.
Development of uveal melanoma xenografts: From patient tumors to patient derived xenografts characterization
Authors: NEMATI F , LAURENT C , GENTIEN D , PIPERNO‐NEUMANN S , DESJARDINS L , MARIANI P , SASTRE X , ASSELAIN B , LANTZ O , ROMAN‐ROMAN S , DECAUDIN D 
Published: November 2013

Abstract50% of uveal melanoma patients die from their metastatic disease showing the necessity to develop efficient therapeutic agents and useful and relevant tool for their preclinical assessment. Thus, we have established and characterized an in vivo panel of xenografts directly obtained from patient uveal melanoma tumors. 90 Samples obtained from patient primary tumors or metastases were subcutaneously grafted into SCID mice. 25 patient derived xenografts (PDX) were obtained and 16 have been characterized. UM histology of the PDX was confirmed by pathological analyses. NA17, Tyrosinase, and Melan‐A antigen expressions were positive in all samples. Bcl‐2 protein was overexpressed in almost all PDX. GNAQ, GNA11 and BAP1 mutations were observed in 4, 10 and 7 of 15 xenografts. The comparison of genomic alterations showed the same DNA damages as the corresponding patients and the differential genes expression observed was mainly due to difference of stroma between patient tumor and PDX. In vivo therapeutic assessments were being performed and will be presented. Our panel of PDX presents the characteristics similar to the patient’s originated tumors and could constitute a useful preclinical tool for testing new agents and protocols.
Age macular degeneration‐alzheimer disease in‐between correlations: One year screening, follow‐up and outcome
Authors: GONZALEZ C 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the evolution of the AMD‐AD correlations and their in‐between impact.Methods PATIENTS: AMD patients: 240 patients, 3 Groups A, B, C. A: 70 AMD patients with first stage AMD,B: 64 Atrophy AMD patients with predominant atrophic areas, C:106 Neovascular AMD patients, with Neovascular AMD. AD patients: 240 patients, 4 groups.I:70 Normal,no significative patients;II:127 MCI patients,(4 subgroups: mild, moderate,intense,severe); III :29 Early AD; IV:14 AD. EXAM: ophthalmologic exam included ETDRS visual acuity (VA), complete ophthalmic examination, Fundus examination, autofluorescence imaging(FAF),(Region Finder Software,for atrophic areas),optical coherence tomography (Spectral Domain OCT) (OCT en face software), and fluorescein angiography (FA) and ICG when Neovascular complication. Cognitive evaluation is done with MMSE: Mini Mental State Examination (Folstein, GRECO), score allow to determine various groups and subgroups. Each AMD patient, would have besides cognitive evaluation,and each AD patients, ophthalmologic evaluation. Follow‐up was done every 4 months.Results Cognitive impairment differ in each AMD subgroup: Normal score: mild in group A(37%),more in group B(23%)than in group C(35%).MCI was predominant(A:63%,B:77%,C:62%)and the most in group B. Early stage AD:3% only in group C.After1year follow‐up ,we observe more moderate cognitive impairment in Group B, few but the most severe worsening in Group C. AMD ophthalmologic signs are predictive and precursor for AD,and more than AD for AMD. Fundus examination and even more (FAF, OCT)are useful and needed to enhance AD screening and follow‐up.Conclusion The AMD‐AD correlations are confirmed,enhance AMD as marker for AD,improve AMD and AD screening and knowledge.
Ophthalmological complications after treatment of carotid‐ophtalmic artery aneurysms using flow diverter
Authors: LECLERC O , BENAYOUN Y , ROUCHAUD A , AYOUB D , MOUNAYER C , ROBERT PY 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the ocular complications after insertion of a flow diverter " pipeline embolization device" (PED) to treat carotid‐ophtalmic artery aneurysms. PED is an endovascular implant designed as a stent to alter blood flow into the aneurysm. Therefore it may decrease the blood flow in the ophtalmic artery, and induce ophtalmological complications.Methods 22 patients suffering from carotid‐ophtalmic artery aneurysm, treated by flow diverter were included. Every patient underwent retrospectively a complete ophtalmological examination including macular and optic disc OCT and visual field.Results Among those 22 patients, 12 (54%) reported fonctional troubles: decreased visual acuity (6 patients), visual field loss (1), diplopia (1), amaurosis (1), photopsia or myodesopsia (3). 5 (23%) had clinical lesions: optic atrophy (3), distal embolism (2). No patient presented optic nerve compression after embolization as checked on MRI.Conclusion After flow divertion insertion, ophtalmological complications are frequent and various. Ophtalmological complications are rather due to ischaemia than compression, and may lead to optic atrophy and loss of vision. However a majority of patients recover normal visual function
Idiopathic optico‐chiasmatic arachnoiditis (IOCA) – enigmatic or non existant disorder?
Authors: GRZYBOWSKI A , LESSELL S 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose There was a plethora of publications on idiopathic optico‐chiasmatic arachnoiditis (IOCA) between 1929 and 1980 but few if any subsequently, testifies to the paucity of cases in recent decades. Thus, the aim of the study was to analyse the original descriptions of the disease and verify its real nature.Methods Study was based on the analysis of all historical descriptions of the diseases, including earliest articles, textbooks, etc.Results A 1929 report by the Argentine neurosurgeon Manuel Balado and his ophthalmic colleague Paulina Satanowsky is generally considered the first description of IOCA. By 1937 there were documented 129 surgically verified cases (13 associated with syphilis and the remainder idiopathic). The published descriptions of the disease was characterized by the great heterogeneity of the epidemiology, symptoms and signs. The decline of IOCA cases coincides with the advent of computerized tomographic scanning in the early 1970s. This has continued as more sophisticated imaging has been introduced.Conclusion IOCA did not and does not exist as a separate and distinct clinical entity.