bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Childbirth in women with intellectual disability: characteristics of their pregnancies and outcomes in an archived epidemiological dataset
Authors: Goldacre A. D. , Gray R. , Goldacre M. J. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundHistorically, many women with intellectual disability (ID) did not have children. However, a few decades ago it became more common for women with ID to give birth. Our aim was to compare the completed pregnancies of mothers with ID with other completed pregnancies in a large, defined population.MethodsWe used the archived dataset of the Oxford record linkage study from 1970 to 1989, which included a specialized dataset of all maternities in a population of 850 000 people.ResultsThere were 245 007 births, of which 217 were to mothers with a record of ID. Mothers with a record of ID were more likely than others to give birth at a young age, were much more likely to be unmarried (42% compared with 9%) and to have smoked in the pregnancy (54% compared with 23%). Comparing babies born of mothers with ID and others, percentages with very low birth weight (<2000 g) were similar at 1.9 and 1.8%. There was no excess of babies who were low birth weight for gestational age. Babies born of mothers with ID were much less likely than others to be breastfed (respectively, 33 and 70%). There were no significant associations with presentation at delivery, Caesarean section or forceps delivery. The distribution of Apgar scores at 1 min after birth was similar in babies of mothers with ID and other babies. The sex ratio of the babies was normal. Combining stillbirths and infant deaths, rates per 1000 were 27.9 for babies of mothers with ID and 13.4 in other babies (borderline significant at P = 0.07).ConclusionsComparing pregnancies and outcomes of mothers with and without ID, there are some important differences, and some important similarities. It is possible, however, that there may be differences over time and between different places in the care and outcomes of pregnancies in mothers with ID. In the modern era, with electronic health records, it should be possible for maternity services, both locally and on a whole population basis, routinely to monitor the pregnancies, and their outcomes, of mothers with ID.
Impact of prolonged dinoprostone cervical ripening on the rate of artificial induction of labor: A prospective study of 330 patients
Authors: Denoual‐Ziad Christine , Aicardi‐Nicolas Stéphanie , Creveuil Christian , Gaillard Cathy , Dreyfus Michel , Benoist Guillaume 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to evaluate two regimens of administration of sustained‐release dinoprostone on the need for oxytocin induction of labor.Material and MethodsWe carried out an open prospective study comparing labor, maternal and neonatal outcomes after 12 h of prostaglandin cervical ripening insert versus 24 h of prostaglandin cervical ripening insert in 284 patients (142 ripenings at 12 h [P12group] and 142 ripenings at 24 h [P24group]).ResultsThe two groups were demographically similar. There was a significant difference in the need for artificial rupture of membranes/oxytocin induction of labor between the groups (49.3% for theP12group vs 38% for theP24group,P = 0.03). The delay between the beginning of ripening and delivery was significantly decreased in theP12group, but the duration of active labor (6.6 h), the dose of oxytocics used (1326UI), the rate of cesarean section, the rate of uterine hyperstimulation, the rates of hemorrhaging from delivery, the neonatal state and the experience of induction were similar in the two groups.ConclusionThis study allows us to show for the first time that sustained‐release of dinoprostone leads to spontaneous induction of labor without increasing the obstetrical risk in a majority of patients.
Evaluation of vitamin C and vitamin E for prevention of postoperative adhesion: A rat uterine horn model study
Authors: Atilgan Remzi , Kuloglu Tuncay , Ozkan Zehra Sema , Kavak Salih Burcin , Kumbak Banu , Deveci Derya , Simsek Mehmet , Baspinar Melike , Sapmaz Ekrem 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAimTo investigate the effectiveness of intraperitoneal vitamin C (VC) and vitamin E (VE) in the prevention of postoperative adhesion formation in a rat uterine horn model.MethodsTwenty‐eight Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups in which: control group, the abdomen was opened and closed without any intervention; adhesion group, a 2‐cm linear incision was performed on the uterine horn and closed; VC group, VC was administrated i.p., and 15 min later a 2‐cm incision was performed on the uterine horn and closed; and VE group, VE was administrated i.p., and 15 min later a 2‐cm incision was performed on the uterine horn and closed. Re‐laparotomy was performed 15 days later. Right uterine horn adhesions were evaluated according to macromorphological characteristics and tissue sections were further examined for fibrosis, angiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), type I collagen and malondialdehyde (MDA) scoring. Kruskal–Wallis anova and Mann–Whitney U‐test were utilized for statistical analysis.ResultsAdhesion area and also strength were significantly lower in the VC group and the VE group compared with the adhesion group. Fibrosis and angiogenesis scores were observed to be significantly higher in the adhesion group compared with the VC group and the VE group. MDA and VEGF immunoreactivity were also found to be significantly lower in the VC group and the VE group compared with the adhesion group. However, there was no significant difference between the VC group and the VE group with respect to all the above parameters.ConclusionAdministration of VC or VE i.p. was observed to be effective in the prevention of postoperative adhesion formation in an experimental model.
Reproductive strategies and isolation‐by‐demography in a marine clonal plant along an eutrophication gradient
Authors: Oliva Silvia , Romero Javier , Pérez Marta , Manent Pablo , Mascaró Oriol , Serrão Ester A. , Coelho Nelson , Alberto Filipe 
Published: October 2014

AbstractGenetic diversity in clonal organisms includes two distinct components, (i) the diversity of genotypes or clones (i.e. genotypic richness) in a population and (ii) that of the alleles (i.e. allelic and gene diversity within populations, and differentiation between populations). We investigated how population differentiation and genotypic components are associated across a gradient of eutrophication in a clonal marine plant. To that end, we combined direct measurements of sexual allocation (i.e. flower and seed counts) and genotypic analyses, which are used as an estimator of effective sexual reproduction across multiple generations. Genetic differentiation across sites was also modelled according to a hypothesis here defined as isolation‐by‐demography, in which we use population‐specific factors, genotypic richness and eutrophication that are hypothesized to affect the source‐sink dynamics and thus influence the genetic differentiation between a pair of populations. Eutrophic populations exhibited lower genotypic richness, in agreement with lower direct measurements of sexual allocation and contemporaneous gene flow. Genetic differentiation, while not explained by distance, was best predicted by genotypic richness and habitat quality. A multiple regression model using these two predictors was considered the best model (R2 = 0.43). In this study, the relationship between environment and effective sexual–asexual balance is not simply (linearly) predicted by direct measurements of sexual allocation. Our results indicate that population‐specific factors and the isolation‐by‐demography model should be used more often to understand genetic differentiation.
Clinical evaluation of dental treatment needs in chronic renal insufficiency patients
Authors: Fregoneze Andréa Paula , Ortega Adriana de Oliveira Lira , Brancher João Armando , Vargas Evelise Tissori , Braga Izabelle Kerich , Gemelli Sara , de Paula Ataide Ana Flávia Gonçalves , Ignácio Sérgio Aparecido , Bönecker Marcelo José Strazzeri 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the need for dental treatment in chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) patients undergoing hemodialysis.DesignTransversal study and case control.SettingCRI patients were examined at the Pequeno Príncipe Hospital in Curitiba, Brazil. The control group was examined at Nossa Senhora da Conceição Health Clinic in Campo Magro, Brazil.Subjects (Materials) and MethodsThirty‐four CRI patients were undergoing hemodialysis. The control group consisted of 34 normoreactive individuals paired by gender and age.InterventionsThe clinical examination was performed under an artificial light, using an oral mirror, an exploratory probe, a periodontal probe, and a tongue depressor.Main outcome measuresThis study adopted the methodology proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO).ResultsThe CRI patient group needs periodontal and orthodontic treatment. The control group needs restorative treatments, prostheses, as well as surgical and endodontic treatment.ConclusionThe profile of dental treatment needs proved to be distinct among the studied groups.
In vitro evaluation of the quality of blood products collected and stored in systems completely free of di(2‐ethylhexyl)phthalate–plasticized materials
Authors: Lagerberg Johan W. , Gouwerok Eric , Vlaar Richard , Go Mya , de Korte Dirk 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundThe plasticizer di(2‐ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) is a common component in blood bags. DEHP is noncovalently bound to polyvinylchloride (PVC) polymer and can leach into the blood product. There are public concerns that exposure to DEHP might induce developmental and reproductive toxicity in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate an alternative plasticizer, di(isononyl) cyclohexane‐1,2‐dicarboxylate (Hexamoll DINCH, BASF SE), for its use in blood bags.Study Design and MethodsWhole blood (WB) was collected into DEHP‐containing and DEHP‐free collection systems. After overnight hold, WB was centrifuged and separated in plasma, buffy coat, and red blood cells (RBCs). Buffy coats and plasma were used to make platelet (PLT) concentrates in DEHP‐free systems. After addition of additive solution (AS), SAG‐M, PAGGS‐M, AS‐3, or PAGGG‐M, RBCs were leukoreduced and analyzed for in vitro characteristics and plasticizer levels during storage.ResultsThe use of DINCH‐based systems had no effect on WB composition, blood processing, and plasma quality. PLT in vitro quality variables were maintained during storage in DEHP‐free systems. During storage in SAG‐M, hemolysis was significantly higher in DINCH‐PVC while potassium leakage and adenosine triphosphate content were comparable. During storage in alternative ASs, hemolysis was reduced compared to storage in SAG‐M.ConclusionsThe complete absence of DEHP in the collection system had no effect on WB composition, processing, or plasma and PLT quality. During storage in SAG‐M, the absence of DEHP resulted in increased hemolysis. With alternative ASs like PAGGS‐M, AS‐3, or PAGGG‐M, the absence of DEHP had no effect on hemolysis. Leakage of DINCH into the blood product was less pronounced than that of DEHP.
Effect of umbilical cord blood prefreeze variables on postthaw viability
Authors: Pope Belinda , Hokin Bevan , Grant Ross 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundAssessment of the overall postthaw (PT) viability of an umbilical cord blood (UCB) unit is an important criterion for determining the quality of the unit for transplantation. Overall PT viability is a measure of cellular damage that can occur to the UCB during collection, storage, processing, freezing, and thawing.Study Design and MethodsThis study investigated factors measured before freezing of the UCB that could affect overall PT viability of the stem cell unit from 257 collected cord blood samples. The analysis included hematologic variables, cord blood collection characteristics, and stem cell separation and preservation factors.ResultsEach of the variables, postprocess (PP) neutrophils (%), PP hematocrit, overall PP viability (%), freeze rate (°C/min), and time from collection to freezing (hr) were shown to contribute to overall PT viability. Each UCB sample was given a calculated “viability prediction” (VP) score based on the influence or impact of each of these variables. This score was compared to the measured PT viability. Variables with a low VP score had correspondingly low PT viability, indicating more overall damage to the cells. The results showed that the higher the VP score, the higher the PT viability.ConclusionThese findings provide a framework for identifying those units that are most likely to have a high overall PT viability and hence an increased likelihood of successful engraftment of the CB‐sourced stem cells. The VP score could aid in the selection of a donor cord blood unit for transplantation.
Importance of Branched-Chain Amino Acid Utilization in Francisella Intracellular Adaptation
Authors: Gesbert Gael , Ramond Elodie , Tros Fabiola , Dairou Julien , Frapy Eric , Barel Monique , Charbit Alain 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACT

Intracellular bacterial pathogens have adapted their metabolism to optimally utilize the nutrients available in infected host cells. We recently reported the identification of an asparagine transporter required specifically for cytosolic multiplication of
Francisella
. In the present work, we characterized a new member of the major super family (MSF) of transporters, involved in isoleucine uptake. We show that this transporter (here designated IleP) plays a critical role in intracellular metabolic adaptation of
Francisella
. Inactivation of IleP severely impaired intracellular
F. tularensis
subsp.
novicida
multiplication in all cell types tested and reduced bacterial virulence in the mouse model. To further establish the importance of the
ileP
gene in
F. tularensis
pathogenesis, we constructed a chromosomal deletion mutant of
ileP
(Δ
FTL
_
1803
) in the
F. tularensis
subsp.
holarctica
live vaccine strain (LVS). Inactivation of IleP in the
F. tularensis
LVS provoked comparable intracellular growth defects, confirming the critical role of this transporter in isoleucine uptake. The data presented establish, for the first time, the importance of isoleucine utilization for efficient phagosomal escape and cytosolic multiplication of
Francisella
and suggest that virulent
F. tularensis
subspecies have lost their branched-chain amino acid biosynthetic pathways and rely exclusively on dedicated uptake systems. This loss of function is likely to reflect an evolution toward a predominantly intracellular life style of the pathogen. Amino acid transporters should be thus considered major players in the adaptation of intracellular pathogens.
Increasing the response rate of text messaging data collection: a delayed randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Ye , Wang Wei , Wu Qiong , van Velthoven Michelle Helena , Chen Li , Du Xiaozhen , Zhang Yanfeng , Rudan Igor , Car Josip 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Objective To test the effectiveness of multiple interventions on increasing the response rate of text messaging for longitudinal data collection.
Methods Our cohort included 283 caregivers of children aged 6–12 months who were participating in an anemia program in rural China. Using text messages to collect data on anemia medication adherence, we conducted a delayed randomized controlled trial to test multiple interventions (an additional four reminders; a ¥5.0 (US$0.79) credit reward for replying; and a feedback text message). After a 6-week pilot study with week 7 as the baseline measurement, we randomly allocated all participants into two groups: group 1 (n = 142) and group 2 (n = 141). During weeks 8–11, we introduced the interventions to group 1, and in weeks 12–15 the intervention was introduced to both groups. We compared the response rates between groups and explored factors affecting the response rate.
Results During weeks 8–11, the response rates in group 1 increased and were significantly higher than in group 2 (p&lt;0.05). During weeks 12–15, the response rate increased significantly in group 2 (p&gt;0.05) and slightly decreased in group 1. Younger participants or participants who had children with lower hemoglobin concentration were more likely to reply (p = 0.02). Sending four reminders on the second day contributed to only 286 (11.7%) extra text messages.
Discussion Our study showed that multiple interventions were effective in increasing response rate of text messaging data collection in rural China.
Conclusions Larger multi-site studies are needed to find the most effective way of using these interventions to allow usage of text messaging data collection for health research.
Patient safety goals for the proposed Federal Health Information Technology Safety Center
Authors: Sittig Dean F , Classen David C , Singh Hardeep 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology is expected to oversee creation of a Health Information Technology (HIT) Safety Center. While its functions are still being defined, the center is envisioned as a public–private entity focusing on promotion of HIT related patient safety. We propose that the HIT Safety Center leverages its unique position to work with key administrative and policy stakeholders, healthcare organizations (HCOs), and HIT vendors to achieve four goals: (1) facilitate creation of a nationwide ‘post-marketing’ surveillance system to monitor HIT related safety events; (2) develop methods and governance structures to support investigation of major HIT related safety events; (3) create the infrastructure and methods needed to carry out random assessments of HIT related safety in complex HCOs; and (4) advocate for HIT safety with government and private entities. The convening ability of a federally supported HIT Safety Center could be critically important to our transformation to a safe and effective HIT enabled healthcare system.
Comparison of a semi-automatic annotation tool and a natural language processing application for the generation of clinical statement entries
Authors: Lin Ching-Heng , Wu Nai-Yuan , Lai Wei-Shao , Liou Der-Ming 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Background and objective Electronic medical records with encoded entries should enhance the semantic interoperability of document exchange. However, it remains a challenge to encode the narrative concept and to transform the coded concepts into a standard entry-level document. This study aimed to use a novel approach for the generation of entry-level interoperable clinical documents.
Methods Using HL7 clinical document architecture (CDA) as the example, we developed three pipelines to generate entry-level CDA documents. The first approach was a semi-automatic annotation pipeline (SAAP), the second was a natural language processing (NLP) pipeline, and the third merged the above two pipelines. We randomly selected 50 test documents from the i2b2 corpora to evaluate the performance of the three pipelines.
Results The 50 randomly selected test documents contained 9365 words, including 588 Observation terms and 123 Procedure terms. For the Observation terms, the merged pipeline had a significantly higher F-measure than the NLP pipeline (0.89 vs 0.80, p&lt;0.0001), but a similar F-measure to that of the SAAP (0.89 vs 0.87). For the Procedure terms, the F-measure was not significantly different among the three pipelines.
Conclusions The combination of a semi-automatic annotation approach and the NLP application seems to be a solution for generating entry-level interoperable clinical documents.
American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) position statement: interventional musculoskeletal ultrasound in sports medicine
Authors: Finnoff Jonathan T , Hall Mederic M , Adams Erik , Berkoff David , Concoff Andrew L , Dexter William , Smith Jay 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundThe use of diagnostic and interventional ultrasound has significantly increased over the past decade. A majority of the increased utilisation is by non-radiologists. In sports medicine, ultrasound is often used to guide interventions such as aspirations, diagnostic or therapeutic injections, tenotomies, releases and hydrodissections.ObjectiveCritically review the literature related to the accuracy, efficacy and cost-effectiveness of ultrasound-guided injections (USGIs) in major, intermediate and small joints; and soft tissues.DesignSystematic review of the literature.ResultsUSGIs are more accurate than landmark-guided injections (LMGIs; strength of recommendation taxonomy (SORT) Evidence Rating=A). USGIs are more efficacious than LMGIs (SORT Evidence Rating=B). USGIs are more cost-effective than LMGIs (SORT Evidence Rating=B). Ultrasound guidance is required to perform many new procedures (SORT Evidence Rating=C).ConclusionsThe findings of this position statement indicate there is strong evidence that USGIs are more accurate than LMGI, moderate evidence that they are more efficacious and preliminary evidence that they are more cost-effective. Furthermore, ultrasound-guided (USG) is required to perform many new, advanced procedures and will likely enable the development of innovative USG surgical techniques in the future.
Evaluating inpatient mortality: a new electronic review process that gathers information from front-line providers
Authors: Provenzano Audrey , Rohan Shannon , Trevejo Elmy , Burdick Elisabeth , Lipsitz Stuart , Kachalia Allen 
Published: October 2014

ImportanceAccurately and routinely identifying factors contributing to inpatient mortality remains challenging.ObjectiveTo describe the development, implementation and performance of a new electronic mortality review method 1 year after implementation.MethodsAn analysis of data gathered from an electronic instrument that queries front-line providers on their opinions on quality and safety related issues, including potential preventability, immediately after a patient's death. Comparison was also made with chart reviews and administrative data.ResultsIn the first 12 months, reviewers responded to 89% of reviews sent (2547 responses from 2869 requests), resulting in at least one review in 99% (1058/1068) of inpatient deaths. Clinicians provided suggestions for improvement in 7.7% (191/2491) of completed reviews, and reported that 4.8% (50/1052) of deaths may have been preventable. Quality and safety issues contributing to potentially preventable inpatient mortality included delays in obtaining or responding to tests (15/50, 30%), communication barriers (10/50, 20%) and healthcare associated infections (9/50, 18%).Independent, blinded chart review of a sample of clinician reviews detected potential preventability in 10% (2/20) of clinician reported cases as potentially preventable. Comparison with administrative data showed poor agreement on the identification of complications with neither source consistently identifying more complications.ConclusionsOur early experience supports the feasibility and utility of an electronic tool to collect real-time clinical information related to inpatient deaths directly from front-line providers. Caregivers reported information that was complementary to data available from chart review and administrative sources in identifying potentially preventable deaths and informing quality improvement efforts.