bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The evaluation of microbiology and prognosis of fournier’s gangrene in past five years
Authors: Tang Lap-Ming , Su Yu-Jang , Lai Yen-Chun 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Objectives
Fournier’s gangrene (FG) is an devastating disease that affects the perineum and genitourinary region, and is commonly a result of poly-microbial infection. This study is aimed to determine the correlation between micrology and prognosis of FG in the past five years.

Methods
This study was a retrospective cohort study that was designed to study the trends in micrology and prognosis of FG. From the PubMed database, articles published in the recent 5 years (from Jan1st, 2009 to Dec 31st, 2013) were reviewed. A total of 19 articles (each with n > 30 and with thorough data descriptions in the topic of Fournier's gangrene), were enrolled in this study. The consolidated data was further analyzed by commercial statistical software (SPSS for Windows).

Results
The twenty-two studies have covered FG cases from year 1981 to 2011, with a mean duration of 9.2 years. The total number of cases is 4,365. Majority of the cases are male (84.1%). The mean age and mortality rate is 51.8 ± 5 years old and 11.1 ± 8.9%, respectivly. The most commonly found pathogen is poly-microbial organism (54%), followed by Escherichia coli (46.6%) and Streptococcus (36.8%). The major risk factors are diabetes (43.7%), Body mass index of > 30 (40.7%), and hypertension (38.1%). Mortality rate in older patient group (age > 51.8 years old) is significantly higher than those of the younger group (22% vs. 5.5%, p = 0.0001).

Conclusions
Older patients with genital or perineal pain should be examined for crepitus dermis. When a patient is diagnosed with FG, swift consultation with surgeons and administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics are required in order to save the patient’s live.
Re-interpretasi hadis Tarbawi tentang kebolehan memukul anak didik
Authors: Imron Ali 
Published: January 2015

In addition to offering a new interpretation of hadis that allows violence in the prayer education also shows that the main spirit as the practice of the prophet is prioritizing education by wise and gentle demeanor, not violence. Here it is also proved that, in practice, the Prophet never used force in educating his Companions, but rather gently proved and profound influence in the their souls. Interpretasi baru atas hadis yang membolehkan kekerasan dalam pendidikan shalat juga menunjukkan bahwa spirit utama sebagaimana praktik nabi adalah pendidikan yang lebih mendahulukan sikap arif dan lemah lembut, bukan kekerasan. Di sini tampaklah jelas bahwa, dalam praktiknya, nabi tidak pernah menggunakan kekerasan dalam mendidik para sahabatnya, tetapi justru dengan lemah lembut,dan terbukti membawa pengaruh mendalam dalam jiwa mareka.
Menangkal radikalisme agama di sekolah
Authors: Munip Abdul 
Published: January 2015

It is undeniable that some of Indonesian Muslims understand Islam in radicalismperspective. They used several of means to disseminate this radicalism throughorganization of cadres, speeches in mosques are managed by their control, publishing magazines, booklets and books, and through various websites on the internet. As a result, Islamic radicalism has entered the most schools in some areas. If this is not immediately anticipated, it can help in growing the intolerance attitudes among students as opposed to the purpose of religious education itself. Tak bisa dipungkiri bahwa banyak umat Muslim Indonesia memahami Islam dalam perspektif radikalisme. Mereka menggunakan beberapa cara untuk menyebarkan radikalisme ini melalui organisasi kader, ceramah di masjid-masjid yang dikelola dengan kendali mereka, penerbitan majalah, booklet dan buku, dan melalui berbagai situs di internet. Akibatnya, radikalisme Islam telah memasuki sebagian besar sekolah di beberapa daerah. Jika hal ini tidak segera diantisipasi, maka dapat membantu dalam menumbuhkan sikap intoleransi di kalangan siswa yang bertentangan dengan tujuan pendidikan agama itu sendiri.
Reinventing nilai-nilai Islam, budaya, dan Pancasila dalam pengembangan pendidikan karakter
Authors: Mukhibat Mukhibat 
Published: January 2015

Character education has become an important part of the national education system for character education has been positioned to be one step for curing social illness. However,it is still asked about what the content and process that will be done by the leaders of educational character of this nation. The moral values which are to be developed in the educational character of the nation of Indonesia consist of religious values, cultural values, and the values of Pancasila. Those are character educations which can be regarded as an authentic or specific character education in Indonesia.Pendidikan karakter telah menjadi bagian penting dari sistem pendidikan nasional karena pendidikan karakter telah diposisikan menjadi salah satu langkah untuk menyembuhkan penyakit sosial. Namun demikian, masih perlu dipertanyakan apa sesunggunya isi dan proses, yang hendak dijalankan oleh para pemimpin pendidikan karakter bangsa ini. Nilai ideal yang dikembangkan dalam pendidikan karakter Indonesia terdiri dari nilai agama, budaya dan nilai yang terkandung dalam Pancasila. Pendidikan karakter yang seperti itulah yang bisa dikatakan sebagai susuatu yang otentik atau khas pendidikan karakter Indonesia.
Struktur politik dan deradikalisasi pendidikan agama bagi anak muda di Indonesia
Authors: Ahnaf Mohammad Iqbal 
Published: January 2015

This paper addresses the issue of youth succeptability to radicalization that has been a major concern since report finding suggesting high number of youth support and participation in radical group. Using political opportunity theory in social movement studies, this paper discusses the macro context of radicalization among youth. It shows that changes of social and political landscape in Indonesia has motivated the shift of focus of Islamist movement toward mobilization at the social level as an alternative to failing political activism in parliament. In addition to this macro context, this paper illustrates the forms of social millie in schools that are critical to radicalization in schools. It concludes that the key to radicalization in school does not parimarily lay in religious teaching curricullum, but on condition and activities outside classroom that allow transmision of radical naratives among students.Banyaknya anggota kelompok radikal yang berusia muda memunculkan pertanyaan tentang kerentanan pengaruh ideologi radikal di kalangan anak muda. Tulisan ini menjelaskan konteks makro berupa lanskap sosial-politik di Indonesia yang memungkinkan terjadinya transmisi ideologi radikal di kalangan anak muda. Menggunakan teori gerakan sosial, konteks makro ini diidentifikasi sebagai struktur peluang politik (political opportunity structure) yang memberi ruang bagi mobilisasi
Pesantren dan pendidikan perdamaian
Authors: Masamah Ulfa 
Published: January 2015

Surakarta was a city which had high intensity of religious social conflict that has to be managed as well as possible, transformed, and developed a peace. This research is about the roles of Pesantren of Al Muayyad Windan in which its capability to transform the conflict in Surakarta. The research findings showed that religious conflict transformation that could be done and based on the principle of the admission existence and the empowerment existence. The principles were based on the theology that was percepted and become as the motivation to do social changes, and developed the transformative Islam unto the multiculturalism. Surakarta adalah kota yang memiliki intensitas konflik sosial keagamaanyang tinggi dan harus dikelola dengan sebaik-baiknya, diubah, dan dibangunperdamaian. Penelitian ini tentang peranan Pesantren Al Muayyad Windan gunamengubah konflik di Surakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transformasi konflik agama dapat dilakukan dasarkan pada prinsip adanya penerimaan dan keberadaan pemberdayaan. Prinsip-prinsip tersebut didasarkan pada teologi yang dipersepsikan dan dijadikan sebagai motivasi untuk melakukan perubahan sosial, dan mengembangkan transformatif Islam dalam multikulturalisme.
Epistemologi kurikulum pendidikan sains
Authors: Humaidi Humaidi 
Published: January 2015

Curriculum is used as well as the way, plans, rules, teaching materials, and guidelines in the learning process. It is also meaningful as a map of reality. Curriculum is similar as a road map and a map of the world that becomes a guidance and direction for people who are traveling. Curriculum is a map of reality because it becomes a clue, for example, any form of reality and physical, metaphysical, mathematical, social-that can be reviewed and learnt by humans. As a map, it serves as a guideline to observe, to read, and to review some forms. In addition, the curriculum can be functioned and used as a tool by people to actualize their potency, so they can be professional in education.Kurikulum digunakan selain sebagai cara, rencana, aturan-aturan, bahan pelajaran,dan pedoman dalam proses pembelajaran, ia juga bermakna sebagai peta realitas.Kurikulum diibaratkan seperti peta jalan dan peta dunia yang menjadi petunjuk dan arah bagi orang yang sedang melakukan perjalanan. Kurikulum menjadi peta realitas karena ia menjadi petunjuk, misalnya realitas dan wujud apa saja –fisik,metafisik, matematik, sosial- yang dapat dikaji dan dipelajari oleh manusia. Sebagi peta, ia berfungsi sebagai penunjuk arah untuk melihat, membaca, dan mengkaji wujud-wujud . Di samping itu, kurikulum dapat berfungsi dan digunakan sebagai alat oleh manusia untuk mengaktualkan potensi-potensinya, sehingga mereka dapat menjadi profesional dalam pendidikan
Multicultural education development; Phylosophy and implementation
Authors: Yaqin M. Ainul 
Published: January 2015

The discussion over the idea of multicultural education has never been finished. Multicultural education is an educational philosophy and practical educational strategy that has been well developed in United States. It has been being developed in some countries, and so is Indonesia. The American schools have been developed and implemented the idea of multicultural education and the American government has supported them by giving multicultural values on education policies. In some Indonesian schools, it has also been tried to apply multicultural education, but there are some problems in developing and implementing it, because of the lack of experience in it and the supports from government.Pembahasan atas gagasan pendidikan multikultural tidak pernah selesai. Pendidikan multikultural adalah Filsafat Pendidikan dan Strategi Pendidikan Praktis yang telah berkembang dengan baik di Amerika Serikat. Hal ini telah dikembangkan di beberapa negara, dan begitu juga Indonesia. Sekolah-sekolah di Amerika telah dikembangkan dan diterapkan gagasan pendidikan multikultural dan pemerintah Amerika memberikan dukungan dengan menempatkan nilai-nilai multikultural pada kebijakan pendidikan mereka. Di beberapa sekolah-sekolah di Indonesia juga telah dicoba penerapan pendidikan multikultural, tetapi terdapat banyak persoalan di dalam pengembangan dan penerapannya, karena kurangnya pengalaman dalam pengembangannya dan dukungan dari pemerintah.
Relasi pendidikan dan moralitas dalam konsumsi media; Perspektif filsafat pendidikan Islam
Authors: Abror Robby Habiba 
Published: January 2015

Philosophy of Islamic education, as a branch of philosophy, is a very important role for critics, some scientists, and national generations to become good learners as well as good and high moral educators. Strong capital religion should always be accompanied by criticism that no longer exist of stagnation thinking or apologetic attitude . The role of educators. in criticizing the media is very important. Moreover, Islamic education should be paid more attention, and critical attitude towards the invasion of media. Because the (bad) influence of media can be quickly entered into our living space, into our subconscious, to act like what is desired by the latter media. Media that is out of control, must have already become a mouth piece of capitalism , or it is a capitalist regime itself. Filsafat pendidikan Islam, sebagai cabang dari filsafat, yang sangat penting fungsinya bagi para kritisi, para cendekia, dan tunas bangsa ini untuk menjadi pembelajar sekaligus pendidik yang baik dan bermoral. Modal kuat agama seharusnya senantiasa dibarengi dengan kritisisme sehingga tidak lagi ada kejumudan berpikir ataupun sikap apologetik. Peran pendidik dalam mengkritisi media sangat penting. Bahkan, pendidikan Islam haruslah diperhatikan, dan kritis terhadap media. Sebab, pengaruh (buruk) media bisa cepat masuk ke dalam kehidupan kita, ke alam bawah sadar kita, untuk bertindak seperti apa yang dikehendaki oleh media.Media yang tidak terkontrol dapat menjadi penyambung lidah kapitalisme, atau ia adalah rezim kapitalis itu sendiri.
Multilocus methylation defects in imprinting disorders
Authors: Mackay Deborah J.G. , Eggermann Thomas , Buiting Karin , Garin Intza , Netchine Irène , Linglart Agnès , de Nanclares Guiomar Perez 
Published: January 2015

AbstractMammals inherit two complete sets of chromosomes, one from the father and one from the mother, and most autosomal genes are expressed from both maternal and paternal alleles. In imprinted genes, the expression of the allele is dependent upon its parental origin. Appropriate regulation of imprinted genes is important for normal development, with several genetic diseases associated with imprinting defects. A common process for controlling gene activity is methylation. The first steps for understanding the functions of DNA methylation and its regulation in mammalian development have led us to identify common (epi)genetic mechanisms involved in the eight human congenital imprinting disorders.
Application of real-time PCR of sex-independent insertion-deletion polymorphisms to determine fetal sex using cell-free fetal DNA from maternal plasma
Authors: Yee Ho Sherry Sze , Barrett Angela , Thadani Henna , Asibal Cecille Laureano , Koay Evelyn Siew-Chuan , Choolani Mahesh 
Published: January 2015

AbstractPrenatal diagnosis of sex-linked disorders requires invasive procedures, carrying a risk of miscarriage of up to 1%. Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) present in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from maternal plasma offers a non-invasive source of fetal genetic material for analysis. Detection of Y-chromosome sequences in cfDNA indicates presence of a male fetus; in the absence of a Y-chromosome signal a female fetus is inferred. We aimed to validate the clinical utility of insertion-deletion polymorphisms (INDELs) to confirm presence of a female fetus using cffDNA.Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) for the Y-chromosome-specific sequence,Fetal sex was correctly determined in 77/82 (93.9%) cfDNA samples.We have validated a non-invasive prenatal test to confirm fetal sex as early as 6 gestational weeks using cffDNA from maternal plasma.
Sortase-mediated backbone cyclization of proteins and peptides
Authors: van ’t Hof Wim , Maňásková Silvie Hansenová , Veerman Enno C.I. , Bolscher Jan G.M. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Backbone cyclization has a profound impact on the biological activity and thermal and proteolytic stability of proteins and peptides. Chemical methods for cyclization are not always feasible, especially for large peptides or proteins. Recombinant Staphylococcus aureus sortase A shows potential as a new tool for the cyclization of both proteins and peptides. In this review, the scope and background of the sortase-mediated cyclization are discussed. High efficiency, versatility, and easy access make sortase A a promising cyclization tool, both for recombinant and chemo-enzymatic production methods.
Study of Two Catalyst Configurations under Microwave Irradiation for the Selective Benzaldehyde Production over Co-ZSM-11 and Fe-ZSM-11
Authors: Azzolina Jury F. , Polaert I. , Pierella L.B. , Estel L. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Intensification process by the use of microwave heating was investigated by testing two catalyst configurations on the selective styrene oxidation for benzaldehyde production. The oxidation reaction was studied over Co-ZSM-11 and Fe-ZSM-11 catalysts. Their catalytic activity was evaluated by using these catalysts in two different forms: compacted pellets and fine particles. Thus, two reaction systems were studied under microwave: a batch system with fine particles in suspension (system 1) and a recirculating batch liquid through a fixed bed system comprising the compact catalyst pellets (system 2). Despite a better microwave interaction with the catalyst in the pellet form, the fixed bed configuration did not lead to a significant intensification of the process. At 60°C, the styrene molar conversions by using Co-ZSM-11 catalyst were found to be 33% and 3% for systems 1 and 2, respectively. With fine particles, the catalytic activity was higher since the styrene oxidation was able to occur without significant internal diffusional resistance of the reagents toward the active acid sites of the zeolite structure.
Balancing Score Adjusted Targeted Minimum Loss-based Estimation
Authors: Lendle Samuel David , Fireman Bruce , van der Laan Mark J. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAdjusting for a balancing score is sufficient for bias reduction when estimating causal effects including the average treatment effect and effect among the treated. Estimators that adjust for the propensity score in a nonparametric way, such as matching on an estimate of the propensity score, can be consistent when the estimated propensity score is not consistent for the true propensity score but converges to some other balancing score. We call this property the balancing score property, and discuss a class of estimators that have this property. We introduce a targeted minimum loss-based estimator (TMLE) for a treatment-specific mean with the balancing score property that is additionally locally efficient and doubly robust. We investigate the new estimator’s performance relative to other estimators, including another TMLE, a propensity score matching estimator, an inverse probability of treatment weighted estimator, and a regression-based estimator in simulation studies.
Microstructure and Tribological Properties of Weld Deposited Co-Cr-Mo Alloy
Authors: Mantrala Mallik Kedar , Ch Srinivasa Rao , V. V. S. Kesava Rao 
Published: January 2015

AbstractCo-Cr-Mo alloy samples were deposited using arc welding process with optimum parameters of deposition. The samples were tested for their hardness, XRF, wear resistance and microstructures. The results were compared with the laser deposited samples and cast samples from literature. The experimental results revealed that the hardness of the weld deposits was inferior to as-cast samples as well as the laser deposited samples. But the wear resistance of the weld deposited samples was compatible with laser deposited samples. Metal to metal contact Pin on Disc wear resistance test was conducted. The XRF results were in agreement with results of as-cast samples. Scanning electron microscopy was used for microstructure analysis. Thorough investigation was made to compare the microstructures of the weld deposits with laser deposited and as-cast Co-Cr-Mo alloy samples.
Multioptimization in a Cellular Manufacturing System Having Stochastic Parameters Considering Pricing
Authors: Salarian Reza , Fazlollahtabar Hamed 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA mathematical model is developed to formulate a cellular manufacturing system with uncertain parameters. In this work, the processing times and demands are stochastic and estimated via expected value and standard deviation after sampling process. The objectives of the proposed mathematical model are to configure machines’ layout in cells so that the inter-cell and intra-cell movements are minimized, the bottlenecks are breakthrough and the profit is increased. Finally, the profit is maximized due to decreasing production cost. The applicability of the proposed mathematical program is illustrated using numerical examples. With respect to the large amount of computational efforts in larger sized problem, a heuristic methodology is developed as solution approach. The properties of the proposed heuristic method are the novel search algorithm and the allocation methodology.
A Novel Weighted Energy Efficient Routing and Spectrum Assignment Algorithm in Flexible Optical Networks
Authors: Zhao Jijun , Yao Qiuyan , Ren Danping , Li Wei , Zhang Nawa 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe network resource utilization efficiency is limited by the rigid nature of the current wavelength-routed optical networks. The recently proposed flexible optical network can allocate the spectral resources adaptively according to the traffic demand. Meanwhile, the transmission quality has always been a main objective during the routing process in optical networks. Recently, the energy efficiency has also been a hot topic because of the energy consumption problem. In this paper, we propose a novel weighted energy efficient routing and spectrum assignment scheme based on the designed quality of transmission (QoT)-energy estimation model in which the physical impairments and energy consumption are given consideration to two or more things. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can make a better balance between the quality of service (QoS) and energy efficiency.
Hyperthyroidism hidden by congenital central hypoventilation syndrome
Authors: Fox Danya A. , Weese-Mayer Debra E. , Wensley David F. , Stewart Laura L. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractCongenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is a rare neurocristopathy with severe central hypoventilation. CCHS results from a mutation in the paired-like homeobox 2B gene (
Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: a rare pediatric brain disease
Authors: Farrell Ryan M. , Foster Michael B. , Omoruyi Adetokunbo O. , Kingery Suzanne E. , Wintergerst Kupper A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe report a 9-year-old female who presented with new onset intractable seizure activity followed by a prolonged encephalopathic state. After ruling out common etiologies, Hashimoto’s encephalopathy (HE) was considered, and antibody levels to thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin were both markedly elevated in her serum. She was euthyroid at the time of presentation. Upon treatment with high dose methylprednisolone, the patient demonstrated a significant improvement in her encephalopathy. The diagnosis of HE requires strong clinical suspicion with evidence of antithyroid antibodies, as well as an encephalopathy not explained by another etiology. While well documented in the adult literature, only a handful of pediatric cases have been described to date. Patients with HE have a nearly universal response to high dose glucocorticoids. HE should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any patient, adult or pediatric, who displays prolonged, unexplainable encephalopathy.
The c.301_302delAG PROP1 gene mutation in Romanian patients with multiple pituitary hormone deficiency
Authors: Lazea Cecilia , Grigorescu-Sido Paula , Popp Radu , Legendre Marie , Amselem Serge , Al-Khzouz Camelia , Bucerzan Simona , Creţ Victoria , Crişan Mirela , Brad Cristian 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTo establish the frequency of the c.301_302 delAG mutation of theSomatic assessment, hormonal test, bone age, magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary gland, and molecular diagnosis were performed in 26 patients with MPHD (7 patients with familial form of MPHD and 19 patients with sporadic form of MPHD).The c.301_302delAG mutation was detected in the homozygous state in 10 patients belonging to 5 unrelated families (7 patients with familial history of MPHD and 3 patients with sporadic form of MPHD). Those 10 patients presented variable pituitary hormone deficiency and pituitary morphology.The c.301_302delAG homozygous genotype had a high frequency of 38% (10/26), reaching 100% (7/7) in group with familial cases of MPHD and 16% (3/19) in group with sporadic forms of MPHD.