bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interleukin 28B Genotype and Insulin Resistance in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients
Authors: Degasperi Elisabetta , Valenti Luca , Aghemo Alessio , De Francesco Raffaele , Rumi Mariagrazia , Soffredini Roberta , Donnici Lorena , Cheroni Cristina , Fargion Silvia , Zanoni Valeria , Orsi Emanuela , Colombo Massimo 
Published: February 2014

Background In patients with chronic HCV infection, an association between IL28B genotype and insulin-resistance (IR), known predictors of sustained virological response (SVR) to pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) therapy, has been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of IR and IL28B genotype in two cohorts of well-characterized HCV patients. Methods A total of 480 non-diabetic HCV patients were analysed: 391 patients who received PEG-IFN/RBV in the MIST study and 89 previously reported patients followed at a metabolic liver diseases centre (Division of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy). All were tested for IL28B rs12979860 single nucleotide polymorphism by real-time PCR and had IR measured by HOMA-IR. Staging of liver disease through liver biopsy was available for all patients. Results Overall, 164 patients (34%) were IL28B CC. Mean HOMA-IR values (±sd) did not differ according to IL28B genotype, being respectively 1.14 ±0.79 in CC versus 1.14 ±0.78 in CT/TT ( P=1.0) in the first, and 2.4 ±1.0 versus 2.5 ±1.0 (P=0.7) in the second cohort. HOMA-IR>2 was not associated with IL28B genotype: 16/132 (12%) CC versus 31/259 (12%) CT/TT ( P=1.0) in the first cohort and 16/32 (50%) versus 37/57 (65%; P=0.18) in the second. This held true also when using different HOMA cutoffs (>2.5, >3.0, >3.5 and >4.0). In the MIST cohort, HOMA-IR>2 did not influence treatment outcome, SVR rates being 28/47 (60%) in HOMA-IR>2 versus 214/344 (62%) in HOMA-IR≤2 ( P=0.8). IL28B genotype was a strong predictor of SVR: 84% (111/132) in CC versus 51% (131/259) in CT/TT patients ( P <0.0001). Conclusions In two cohorts of non-diabetic HCV patients where IL28B genotype predicted treatment outcome, we found no association between IL28B genotype and HOMA-IR.
Association between Systemic Inflammation and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Men with or at Risk for HIV Infection
Authors: Brigham Emily P , Patil Susheel P , Jacobson Lisa P , Margolick Joseph B , Godfrey Rebecca , Johnson Jacquett , Johnson-Hill Lisette M , Reynolds Sandra , Schwartz Alan R , Smith Philip L , Brown Todd T 
Published: February 2014

Background We sought to determine whether markers of systemic inflammation are associated with the presence of moderate/severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and whether this association differs based on HIV and HIV treatment status. Methods HIV-uninfected men (HIV-; n=60), HIV-infected men receiving HAART (HIV+/HAART; n=58) and HIV-infected men not receiving HAART (HIV+/no HAART; n=41) underwent polysomnograpy and measurement of plasma levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, soluble TNF-α receptors I and II (sTNFRI and sTNFRII) and interleukin (IL)-6. The relationship between moderate/severe OSA (respiratory disturbance index ≥15 apnea/hypopnea events/h) and inflammatory markers was assessed with multivariable regression models. Results Compared with the HIV- men, HIV+/HAART men and HIV+/no HAART men had higher levels of TNF-α>, sTNFRI and sTNFRII, independent of age, race, smoking status, obstructive lung disease (OLD) and body mass index (BMI). Moderate/severe OSA was present in 48% of the sample (HIV- 57%; HIV+/HAART 41%; HIV+/no HAART 44%). Among the HIV+/no HAART men, but not in the other groups, TNF-α, sTNFRII and IL-6 levels were higher in those with moderate/severe OSA compared to men with no/mild OSA after adjustment for age, race, smoking status, OLD and BMI. Within this group, the association of high TNF-α concentrations with moderate/ severe OSA was also independent of CD4+ T-cell count and plasma HIV RNA concentration. Conclusions Compared with HIV+/HAART men and HIV-men, markers of systemic inflammation were higher in HIV+/no HAART men. In these men, TNF-α was significantly related to OSA, independent of HIV-related covariates.
Emergence of vanA vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in a hospital in Porto Alegre, South Brazil
Authors: Resende Mariah , Caierão Juliana , Prates Juliana Gil , Narvaez Gabriel Azambuja , Dias Cícero Armídio Gomes , D'Azevedo Pedro Alves 
Published: February 2014

Introduction: In Porto Alegre (South Brazil), since the first VRE isolation in 2000 until the middle of the last decade, the epidemiology of enterococcal infections presented the peculiarity that, as opposed to other regions of the country, almost all VRE were E. faecalis. The aim of this study was to investigate the microbiological and epidemiological characteristics of a VRE outbreak that occurred between August 2010 and September 2011 in Porto Alegre, South Brazil. Methodology: Twenty-nine isolates from inpatients of Mãe de Deus Hospital that were identified and characterized for their susceptibility profile, vancomycin genotype, presence of esp gene, biofilm production, and clonal relationship were collected. Patients’ records were reviewed for clinical information. Results: All isolates were identified as vancomycin/ampicillin resistant E. faecium carrying the vanA gene. Almost all were susceptible to gentamicin and streptomycin. Most patients died and were associated with a hemodialysis unit stay. All but the first isolate were clustered in a main clone. Conclusions: An important change in vancomycin-resistant enterococci was observed. Studies like this are necessary to monitor the dissemination of VRE, especially of some individual clones.
Short‐run marginal medical costs from booze and butts: Evidence from the states
Authors: Bates Laurie J. , Cesur Resul , Santerre Rexford E. 
Published: February 2014

This article uses a panel data set of U.S. states over the 1980 to 2007 period to estimate the demands for medical care, cigarettes, and beer. The estimation process generates own‐price, income, and cross‐price elasticities for all three goods. Implied per capita beer and cigarette consumption elasticities of per capita health care expenditures, suggested by our baseline estimates, are 0.83 and 0.14, respectively. These results are robust to a number of specification tests. Simulations suggest that yearly marginal medical costs amount to approximately $12 per bottle and 27 cents per cigarette in the short run (in 2012 dollars). These results are likely to be driven by the much larger corresponding increases in the consumption of binge drinkers and heavy smokers.
Bank of bad habitsThe price of vice foretoldOne by one they'll do you inThey're bound to take their tollThe wrong thing is the right thing until you lose controlI've got this bank of bad habitsIt's worth its weight in gold
CAH to CAH
Authors: Sievert M. C. , Hicks L. L. , Alexander G. L. , Hearne L. B. , Holmes J. H. , Craven C. K. 
Published: February 2014

SummaryThe US government allocated $30 billion to implement electronic health records (EHRs) in hospitals and provider practices through policy addressing Meaningful Use (MU). Most small, rural hospitals, particularly those designated as Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs), comprising nearly a quarter of US hospitals, had not implemented EHRs before. Little is known about implementation in this setting. Socio-technical factors differ between larger hospitals and CAHs, which continue to lag behind other hospitals in EHR adoption.
Objectives: The main objective is to provide EHR implementation advice for CAHs from a spectrum of experts with an emphasis on recommendations from their peers at CAHs that have undertaken the process. The secondary objective is to begin to identify implementation process differences at CAHs v. larger hospitals.
Methods: We interviewed 41 experts, including 16 CAH staff members from EHR teams at 10 CAHs that recently implemented EHRs. We qualitatively analyzed the interviews to ascertain themes and implementation recommendations.
Results: Nineteen themes emerged. Under each theme, comments by experts provide in-depth advice on all implementation stages including ongoing optimization and use. We present comments for three top themes as ranked by number of CAH peer experts commenting – EHR System Selection, EHR Team, and Preparatory Work – and for two others, Outside Partners/Resources and Clinical Decision Support (CDS)/Knowledge Management (KM). Comments for remaining themes are included in tables.
Discussion: CAH experts rank the themes differently from all experts, a likely indication of the differences between hospitals. Comments for each theme indicate the specific difficulties CAHs encountered. CAH staffs have little or no EHR experience before implementation. A factor across themes is insufficient system and process knowledge, compounded by compressed implementation schedules. Increased, proactive self-education, via available outside partners and information resources, will mitigate difficulties and aid CAHs in meeting increased CDS requirements in MU Stages 2 and 3.
Citation: Craven CK, Sievert MC, Hicks LL, Alexander GL, Hearne LB, Holmes JH. CAH to CAH: EHR Implementation Advice to Critical Access Hospitals from Peer Experts and Other Key Informants. Appl Clin Inf 2014; 5: 92–117 http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2013-08-RA-0066
L’engagement dans le mouvement des AA : un gage de bonheur
Authors: Kairouz Sylvia , Fortin Marilyn 
Published: February 2014

Contexte : Le mouvement des Alcooliques Anonymes (AA) demeure la source d’aide la plus utilisée au monde en alcoolisme. Il propose un modèle de rémission basé sur les principes des 12 étapes et soutenu par une communauté d’entraide qui, au-delà de l’abstinence, vise la reconstruction de sa vie sans alcool et l’atteinte d’un bien-être. Peu d’études ont exploré la qualité de vie des membres abstinents au profit d’une littérature plus abondante concernant l’atteinte et le maintien de l’abstinence.
Objectif : Cette étude vise à évaluer un modèle de médiation mettant en relation l’engagement dans le mouvement des AA, tant dans le programme qu’au sein de la fraternité, et le niveau de bien-être psychologique des membres, tout en tenant compte de la qualité de l’expérience positive de l’abstinence.
Sélection des études et extraction des données : L’échantillon était composé de 168 membres AA de longue date, appelés « old-timers », avec un taux de réponse de 49 %. Un questionnaire autoadministré a permis d’évaluer l’engagement dans le mouvement, le niveau de bien-être psychologique ainsi que l’évaluation subjective de l’expérience d’abstinence.
Résultats : Les membres AA rapportent généralement un niveau élevé de bien-être psychologique, un engagement dans la fraternité et une adhésion aux principes des 12 étapes. La socialisation avec les membres a un effet significatif et important sur le sentiment de bonheur et de satisfaction dans la vie, alors que l’application des étapes de maintien tend à influencer positivement le degré de satisfaction dans la vie et le sens donné à la vie grâce à l’expérience positive de l’abstinence.
Conclusion : Les membres « old-timers » abstinents rapportent être heureux, satisfaits dans la vie et donner un sens à leur vie. La relation d’entraide qui se développe dans la fraternité et l’expérience de donner et de recevoir de l’aide contribuent de façon significative à ce bien-être psychologique.
Toutes les organisations ne sont pas égales quant au pouvoir décisionnel de leurs pairs aidants !
Authors: Komaroff Janina , Perreault Michel 
Published: February 2014

Les pairs aidants peuvent être intégrés de différentes façons dans les organisations où ils interviennent. Dans cet article, cinq types de structure organisationnelle où l’on fait appel à des pairs aidants en toxicomanie et en santé mentale sont examinés : les groupes de soutien mutuel, les organisations d’entraide, les organisations autogérées par des pairs aidants, les partenariats avec des organismes de pairs aidants et, enfin, l’intégration des pairs aidants dans des organismes pour dispenser certains services. Cet article met en évidence les conditions qui favorisent l’autonomisation des pairs aidants dans ces différentes situations.
KARAKTERISTIKE PREDUZETNIČKOG AMBIJENTA BANJALUČKE REGIJE // CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ENTREPRENEURIAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE BANJA LUKA REGION
Authors: Macura Rajko , Tanjga Rade 
Published: February 2014

U istraživanju su prezentovani stavovi preduzetnika vezani za poslovni ambijent u kojem djeluju, probleme i izazove sa kojima se susreću i koji otežavaju postizanje konkurentnosti na tržištu i potrebe, čije bi zadovoljenje omogućilo bolje profilisanje na tržištu. Analizom dobijenih podataka identifikovani su ključni faktori uspjeha preduzetničkih poduhvata, odnosno, prepreka koje ugrožavaju rad preduzetničkih firmi. Struktura uzorka odgovara strukturi preduzeća u BiH – mikro, mala, srednja i velika preduzeća. Anketiranje je obavljeno na uzorku od 142 pravna subjekta, koji uključuju inokosne preduzetničke radnje, ortačka društva, DOO i AD. Najviše firmi bavi se uslugama, što govori o nepovoljnoj strukturi naše privrede. Isto tako, kvalifikaciona struktura zaposlenih je nepovoljna. Najviše zaposlenih je sa KV i SSS stručnom spremom. Najviše firmi posluje isključivo na domaćem tržištu i koristi spoljne konsalting usluge, prvenstveno knjigovodstvene i pravne. Relativno mali broj anketiranih je pohađalo kurseve preduzetništva. Anketirani preduzetnici uglavnom imaju rođake ili prijatelje u okruženju koji se već bave preduzetništvom, što može ukazivati na uticaj okruženja na odluku o pokretanju vlastitog biznisa. Kada je u pitanju savjetodavna pomoć, poslodavci su najviše usmjereni na udruženja poslodavaca. Zabrinjava činjenica da anketirani po pravilu ne učestvuju u izradi propisa i podsticajnih mjera koje donose nadležna tijela. Kao ograničavajuće faktore, najviše preduzetnika identifikuje nedostatak podsticajnih mjera i finansijskih sredstava, neinformisanost preduzetnika, probleme pri registraciji, zastarjele tehnologije, visoke cijene kapitala, nedostatak stručnog osoblja, nelojalnu konkurencija, jaku konkurenciju i monopol velikih preduzeća, spore rokove naplate, čestu promjenu zakona i sl. Publikovanje rezultata istraživanja može značajno doprinijeti rješavanju ili ublažavanju problema koji otežavaju razvoj i promociju preduzetništva.
DOPRINOS INTERKULTURNOG MENADŽMENTA RAZVIJANJU TOLERANTNOSTI U MEĐUNARODNOM POSLOVANJU // CONTRIBUTION OF INTERCULTURAL MANAGEMENT TO DEVELOPING TOLERANCE IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
Authors: Zakić Katarina , Milutinović Olivera 
Published: February 2014

Od davnina su ljudi iz različitih krajeva sveta i sa različitih kontinenata trgovali.Njihov obim poslovanja zavisio je ponajviše od vremenskih uslova i bezbednostiputa. Vremena su se polako menjala, a sa njima su se stvarali i različiti usloviposlovanja. Period svetske ekonomije nakon II svetskog rata je obeležen velikimekonomskim usponima većine država. S obzirom na to da je došlo do stvaranjamultinacionalnih (transnacionalnih) kompanija, došlo je do višestrukog povećanjaprisustva kompanija iz različitih zemalja na teritoriji jedne države, kao i do povećanjabroja kompanija u kojima rade ljudi iz svih krajeva sveta. Usled nedostatkainformacija o tome kako druge nacije i kulture privređuju, javila se potreba zastvaranjem nove naučne discipline koja bi na odgovarajući način ukazala na to kakorazličite kulture posluju, a samim tim i utvrdila mogućnosti za optimalno poslovanje uuslovima sveopšte globalizacije. Interkulturni menadžment je nastao upravo sa idejomda se stvore uslovi za poštovanje različitosti uz uspešnu saradnju među narodima.Svrha ovog rada je da pokaže u kolikoj meri je ova naučna disciplina doprinelaboljem razumevanju među narodima, kao i da pokaže da se uz shvatanje važnostinacionalnih specifičnosti u oblasti poslovanja, podiže i nivo tolerantnosti međurazličitim narodima. Metodologija ovog rada se zasniva na istraživanjima Hofštejda(Hofstede), Švarca (Schwartz) i GLOBE projekta. Iako je glavna svrha interkulturnogmenadžmenta u trenutku njegovog nastanka bila da se bolje upoznaju druge nacije kako bi se povećao obim poslovanja, on je doveo do ostvarenja mnogo šireg cilja, a toje shvatanje potrebe da su svi narodi različiti i da se njihove kulturne specifičnostimoraju uvažavati ne samo sa stanovišta biznisa, već i kroz svakodnevni život.
USVAJANJE GENERIČKIH GLOBALNIH POSLOVNIH STRATEGIJA - MARKETING ASPEKT // ADOPTION OF GENERIC GLOBAL BUSINESS STRATEGIES – MARKETING ASPECT
Authors: Vrcelj Nikolina , Jurčić Ana , Zakić Katarina 
Published: February 2014

Postoje različiti putevi koji vode ka globalizaciji, pa tako i brojne opcije zamenadžment kada kreće putem globalizacije. Izbor prave i odgovarajuće globalnestrategije je upravo jedan od najvažnijih izazova koji se stavlja pred svaki posao ilipreduzeće. U predmetnom radu dat je pregled globalnih strategija proizvoda,strategija globalne komunikacije, opcija za prilagođavanje generičke globalnestrategije, aspekti kreiranja generičkih globalnih strategija, te njihove prednosti inedostaci. // There are many different paths that lead to globalization, so as many options formanagement when moving through globalization. Choosing the right and appropriateglobal strategy is just one of the major challenges placed before any business orenterprise. Presented paper gives an overview of global product strategy, globalcommunication strategy, options for customizing the generic global strategies, aspectsof creating generic global strategies, and discusses their advantages anddisadvantages.
Fudbal kao koreografija
Authors: Klein Gabriele 
Published: February 2014

Ovaj tekst nastoji da pronađe sličnost između fudbala i plesa. Pri tome nisu u središtu pažnje mnogostruki mogući metaforički odnosi između fudbala i plesa, kao kada se fi lmski isječci sa fudbalskih utakmica, koji se neprestano prikazuju uz muziku u pozadini, nazivaju „fudbalskim baletom“, kada Sambini navijači plešu, ili kada igrači plešu sa korner-zastavicama. Važnije je odgovoriti na pitanje koje strukturalne specifi čnosti posjeduju fudbal i ples.
The implication of radiative forcing and feedback for meridional energy transport
Authors: Huang Yi , Zhang Minghong 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe distributions of radiative forcing and feedback in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 abrupt4xCO2 and Historical experiments are diagnosed, with a focus on their effects on the zonal mean structure of the top‐of‐the‐atmosphere radiation anomalies and implications for the meridional energy transport. It is found that because the greenhouse gas longwave forcing peaks in the low latitudes, it reinforces the equator‐to‐pole net radiation gradient and accounts for the increase in the poleward energy transport in both hemispheres under global warming. The shortwave forcing by aerosol, ozone, etc. peaks in the Northern Hemisphere and instead implies an interhemispheric energy transport. Although the water vapor feedback also reinforces the equator‐to‐pole gradient of the net radiation, the temperature and albedo feedback act against it. The feedback tend to offset the zonal mean radiation anomaly caused by the forcing, although the overall feedback effect on the energy transport is rather uncertain, mainly due to the uncertainty in the cloud feedback.
Process modeling studies of physical mechanisms of the formation of an anticyclonic eddy in the central Red Sea
Authors: Chen Changsheng , Li Ruixiang , Pratt Larry , Limeburner Richard , Beardsley Robert C. , Bower Amy , Jiang Houshuo , Abualnaja Yasser , Xu Qichun , Lin Huichan , Liu Xuehai , Lan Jian , Kim Taewan 
Published: February 2014

AbstractSurface drifters released in the central Red Sea during April 2010 detected a well‐defined anticyclonic eddy around 23°N. This eddy was ∼45–60 km in radius, with a swirl speed up to ∼0.5 m/s. The eddy feature was also evident in monthly averaged sea surface height fields and in current profiles measured on a cross‐isobath, shipboard CTD/ADCP survey around that region. The unstructured‐grid, Finite‐Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM) was configured for the Red Sea and process studies were conducted to establish the conditions necessary for the eddy to form and to establish its robustness. The model was capable of reproducing the observed anticyclonic eddy with the same location and size. Diagnosis of model results suggests that the eddy can be formed in a Red Sea that is subject to seasonally varying buoyancy forcing, with no wind, but that its location and structure are significantly altered by wind forcing, initial distribution of water stratification and southward coastal flow from the upstream area. Momentum analysis indicates that the flow field of the eddy was in geostrophic balance, with the baroclinic pressure gradient forcing about the same order of magnitude as the surface pressure gradient forcing.
Quantitative measurements and modeling of industrial formaldehyde emissions in the Greater Houston area during campaigns in 2009 and 2011
Authors: Johansson John K. E. , Mellqvist Johan , Samuelsson Jerker , Offerle Brian , Moldanova Jana , Rappenglück Bernhard , Lefer Barry , Flynn James 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA sensitive Mobile differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) system with real‐time evaluation capability and HCHO detection limit of 3 ppb over 100 m has been developed. The system was operated together with a Solar Occultation Flux system for large‐scale vertical flux measurements of HCHO, NO2, SO2, and VOCs in the Houston‐Galveston‐Brazoria area during two studies, in 2009 (Study of Houston Atmospheric Radical Precursors campaign) and in 2011 (Air Quality Research Program study). Both in 2009 and 2011, HCHO plumes from five separate local sources in Texas City, Mont Belvieu, and Houston Ship Channel (HSC) were repeatedly detected using Mobile DOAS with emissions varying between 6 and 40 kg/h. In many cases significant alkene emissions were detected simultaneously with the HCHO plumes. Furthermore, in 2011 two additional sources were observed in Texas City and in HSC, with 10 kg/h and 31 kg/h HCHO, respectively. A plume chemistry model was applied to 13 cases to investigate whether the detected HCHO was emitted directly from the industries or was produced by photochemical degradation of VOCs. The model results showed that on average 90% of the detected HCHO was of primary origin and the photochemical production contributed more than 10% in only three cases. Based on the repeatability, it is likely that the most significant HCHO sources in the area are included in this study with an overall emission of 120 kg/h. On a regional scale, this emission is small compared to the secondary HCHO formed from oxidation of reactive VOCs emitted from the same industries, estimated to be an order of magnitude higher.