bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Improved Oil Recovery Approach for Increasing Capillary Number by Enhancing Depth of Penetration in Abu Dhabi Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Ansari Arsalan , Haroun Mohammed , Rahman Mohamed Motiur , Chilingar George V. , Sarma Hemanta 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
During the last few decades, there has been a global increase in oil demand by 35%. Besides, the petroleum industry is faced with a number of challenges when considering the reservoir such as low sweep efficiency, formation damage and implementing costly techniques to enhance and improve the oil recovery. Electrokinetic Low-concentration acid IOR (EK LCA-IOR) is one of the emerging IOR technologies, which involves the application of the Low-concentration acidizing integrated with electrically enhanced oil recovery (EK-EOR). This research focusses on analyzing the effectiveness of the EK LCA-IOR process in Abu Dhabi carbonates, improving the capillary number and enhancing depth of penetration.
Core-flood tests were conducted by saturating Abu Dhabi carbonate core-plugs with medium crude oil in a specially designed core-flood setup at Abu Dhabi reservoir conditions. After the waterflooding stage, EK LCA-IOR was applied using varying voltage gradients and acid concentrations upto 1.2% HCl injected at the anode and transported by EK to the target producer (cathode). Moreover, the capillary number change, oil viscosity change and Single Energy CT Scan (SECTS) results were analyzed in order to observe the effect on rock-fluid interaction to control rock adsorption capacity through interfacial tension and depth of penetration.
Several correlations at reservoir conditions related to acid concentration, displacement efficiency and permeability enhancement have shown that the application of waterflooding on the carbonate cores yields an average oil recovery of 58%. An additional 17-28% oil recovery was enhanced by the application of EK LCA-IOR recording a maximum oil displacement of 88%. In addition, EK LCA-IOR was shown to enhance the reservoir's permeability by 53% on average across the tested core-plugs. EK LCA-IOR also improves the capillary number by 500% in Water-wet core plugs and 1500% in Oil-wet core plugs, mainly due to a decrease in interfacial tension. This indicates the decrease in acid adsorption as acid is precisely transported to the targeted production well through the tortuous path with an increased depth of penetration as proven by the SECTS results where EK LCA-IOR has penetrated 60% of core-length that revealed minor fractures, precisely delivering the acid front throughout the core-plug.
Finally, EK LCA-IOR enhances capillary number along with an increased depth of penetration while allowing us to save on the OPEX by maintaining decreased power consumption while reducing the acid/water requirement upto 10 times. This study takes one step forward towards the development of EK Low-concentration acid IOR method feasible for Abu Dhabi oil fields in order to make smart waterfloods applicable for complex fractured reservoirs of UAE.
A Novel Transient Simulation Based Methodology for the Calculation of Permeability in Pore Network Models
Authors: Pasumarti Ashwin , Sengupta Soumyadipta , Michael. J. King 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The carbonate reservoirs are a major source of oil and gas throughout the world. The biggest reserves of oil in the world in the middle-east are primarily carbonate reservoirs. Carbonate reservoirs usually have good reservoir quality and are prolific producers.
Carbonates have a highly heterogeneous grain structure as compared to sandstones. The sandstones house all the fluids in the intergranular spaces whereas the carbonated have most of their fluids in the intragranular pore spaces. The path of transport of fluids in the carbonates is through the intergranular pore space. There are different kinds of intragranular porosities in carbonates and all of them interact in a different manner with intergranular porosity. So, we can easily see that it is much easier to characterize and model flow in sandstones as compared to carbonates due to the relatively homogeneous pore structure in sandstones as compared with carbonates.
The general definition of a homogeneous porosity and permeability is applicable to sandstones but not to carbonates. Therefore, the simple lab tests for permeability and porosity will give erroneous results in case of carbonates. At any particular place in a carbonate sample, there are pore spaces of different length scales and different connectivity interacting with each other. These type of heterogeneities can't be captured by simple lab tests run on core samples. Therefore, we have tested computational methods based on transient methodology on a carbonate pore network obtained from a carbonate core Micro-CT scan sample. This method has also been validated on a synthetic sandstone model.
First evidence of frugivory in Myotis (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae, Myotinae)
Authors: Novaes Roberto Leonan , Souza Renan , Ribeiro Edvandro , Siqueira André , Greco Alexandre , Moratelli Ricardo 
Published: November 2015

Myotis occurs from tropical to temperate regions throughout the globe, and it is the largest bat genus with more than 100 species. Most species are insect-eaters, but a few also feed on other invertebrates and fishes; there is no confirmed evidence of a plant item in their diet.
During fieldwork in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, small seeds were retrieved from the feces of one adult female of the Black Myotis, Myotis nigricans—one of the most common Neotropical bats. In a germination experiment, 40% of those seeds grew into seedlings. Our findings are the first evidence of fruit consumption for any Myotis species. We reject a possible contamination because the cotton bag was never used before for bats. This study is the first evidence of frugivory in the genus Myotis.
Estimates of emerald ash borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) larval galleries in branch samples from asymptomatic urban ash trees (Oleaceae)
Authors: Turgeon Jean J. , Fidgen Jeffrey G. , Ryall Krista L. , Scarr Taylor A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAgrilus planipennis(Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is causing extensive mortality of ash (FraxinusLinnaeus; Oleaceae) in North America. Once detected in an area, resource managers require methods to obtain estimates that could improve management decisions. We studied the within-crown and within-branch distribution and abundance ofA. planipennisfeeding galleries by sampling 3-m-long branches from asymptomatic urban ash trees and subdividing each branch into 12 sections of 25 cm each. We found galleries in all 12 sections of some, but not all, branches. Section was a significant source of variation inA. planipennisgallery density/m2of branch surface area. A comparison of predictive power and efficiency of estimates for samples of increasing length, and for samples of the same length but consisting of different combinations of sections, revealed that those based on the two basal 25-cm sections of a branch from the lower-crown or mid-crown of an asymptomatic tree were less accurate and precise than those based on more sections, but were the most cost effective. Whittling more sections per branch, irrespective of the combinations of branch sections per length, improved predictive power but reduced cost effectiveness. We also observed that crown level was not important, and aspect was only marginally so, when estimating gallery abundance per sampled branch.
Modified Small Incision Cataract Surgery and Intraocular Lens Implantation in HIV Patients
Authors: Giles Kagmeni , Domngang Christelle , Nguefack-Tsague Georges , Come Ebana Mvogo , Wiedemann Peter 
Published: November 2015

Aim To describe a surgical technique suitable for cataract surgery in regions with a high prevalence of HIV infection. Methods We reviewed the medical records of 20 consecutive AIDS patients with cataract who underwent modified small-incision cataract surgery (mSICS) with posterior chamber lens implantation. Classic extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) was compared to mSICS. The number of potentially risky steps for contamination during surgery and duration of surgery were analyzed. A risky step was defined as any time when the surgeon had to use a sharp instrument. Student's paired t-test was carried out to compare continuous variables, and P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results Twenty patients were included in the study, 13 males (65%) and seven females (35%). The mean age was 46.3 ± 13.6 years (range 22–70 years). The number of potentially risky steps for contamination was significantly higher in the classical ECCE than in mSICS ( P < 0.001). The mean duration of cataract surgery with mSICS was significantly shorter as well ( P < 0.001). Conclusion Conversion to mSICS is essential in order to reduce accidental injuries during cataract surgery in sub-Saharan countries. Sharp instruments should be passed through a neutral zone to ensure that the surgeon and nurse do not touch the same instrument at the same time.
Reglas de secuenciación en el problema de secuenciación en línea de montaje con mezcla de modelos
Authors: Maheut Julien , Garcia-Sabater José P. 
Published: November 2015

<p class="Abstract">El problema de secuenciación de unidades en el caso de líneas de montaje con mezcla de modelo es un problema tratado en la literatura dónde se suele considerar restricciones en forma de reglas. Los algoritmos de resolución pretenden no-violar dichas reglas puesto que la violación afecta negativamente a la actividad en la línea de montaje. Estas reglas hacen referencia en la mayor parte de la literatura a consideraciones físicas de la línea o están relacionadas con la carga de trabajo. Se propone en este trabajo clasificar las diferentes reglas existentes y conocidas en la realidad industrial y se introducen ejemplos prácticos conocidos.</p>
Occupational Therapists’ Opinions of Two Pediatric Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy Protocols
Authors: Christman Emily , McAllister Kaitlin , Claar Katie , Kaufman Samantha , Page Stephen J. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractOBJECTIVE. We sought to determine occupational therapists’ opinions of two pediatric constraint-induced movement therapy (pCIMT) protocols.METHOD. A total of 272 therapists in pediatric rehabilitation clinics completed an electronic survey to determine their opinions of two published pCIMT protocols. In Protocol A, restraint is worn 24 hr/day on the nonparetic upper extremity (UE), and in-clinic, therapist-supervised practice sessions occur 7 days/wk for 6 hr/day over 3 wk. In Protocol B, restraint is worn 2 hr/day on the nonparetic UE, and in-clinic, therapist-supervised practice sessions occur 1 day/wk for 2 hr/day over 8 wk.RESULTS. The majority of participants reported moderate to high concerns about every facet of Protocol A. Conversely, &gt;50% of participants reported low or no concerns about five of seven facets of Protocol B.CONCLUSION. This study adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting that therapists strongly prefer low-duration pCIMT protocols.
Multiple Treatments of Pediatric Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (pCIMT): A Clinical Cohort Study
Authors: DeLuca Stephanie C. , Ramey Sharon Landesman , Trucks Mary Rebekah , Wallace Dorian Ainsworth 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Pediatric constraint-induced movement therapy (pCIMT) is one of the most efficacious treatments for children with cerebral palsy (CP). Distinctive components of pCIMT include constraint of the less impaired upper extremity (UE), high-intensity therapy for the more impaired UE (≥3 hr/day, many days per week, for multiple weeks), use of shaping techniques combined with repetitive task practice, and bimanual transfer. A critical issue is whether multiple treatments of pCIMT produce additional benefit. In a clinical cohort (mean age = 31 mo) of 28 children with asymmetrical CP whose parents sought multiple pCIMT treatments, the children gained a mean of 13.2 (standard deviation [SD] = 4.2) new functional skills after Treatment 1; Treatment 2 produced a mean of 7.3 (SD = 4.7) new skills; and Treatment 3, 6.5 (SD = 4.2). These findings support the conclusion that multiple pCIMT treatments can produce clinically important functional gains for children with hemiparetic CP.
Evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic HIV vaccines through analytical treatment interruptions
Authors: Graziani Gina M , Angel Jonathan B 
Published: November 2015

IntroductionThe development of an effective therapeutic HIV vaccine that induces immunologic control of viral replication, thereby eliminating or reducing the need for antiretroviral therapy (ART), would be of great value. Besides the obvious challenges of developing a therapeutic vaccine that would generate effective, sustained anti‐HIV immunity in infected individuals is the issue of how to best assess the efficacy of vaccine candidates.DiscussionThis review discusses the various outcome measures assessed in therapeutic HIV vaccine clinical trials involving individuals receiving suppressive ART, with a particular focus on the role of analytical treatment interruption (ATI) as a way to assess the virologic control induced by an immunotherapy. This strategy is critical given that there are otherwise no readily available measures to determine the ability of a vaccine‐induced immune response to effectively control HIV replication. The various outcome measures that have been used to assess vaccine efficacy in published therapeutic HIV vaccine clinical trials will also be discussed. Outcome measures have included the kinetics of viral rebound, the new viral set point and changes in the size of the viral reservoir. Clinically relevant outcomes such as the CD4 decline, the time to resume therapy or the time to meet the criterion to resume therapy, the proportion of participants who resume therapy and/or the development of clinical symptoms such as acute retroviral syndrome are also measures of vaccine efficacy.ConclusionsGiven the lack of consistency between therapeutic HIV vaccine trials in how efficacy is assessed, comparing vaccines has been difficult. It would, therefore, be beneficial to determine the most clinically relevant measure for use in future studies. Other recommendations for future clinical trials also include studying compartments in addition to blood and replacing ATIs with single‐copy assays in situations in which the use of an ATI is not ideal.
Structural and optical analysis of single phase CuInS2 nanocrystals for solar cell applications
Authors: Sivagami A. D. , Sarma Bornali , Sarma Arun 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Nanostructured phase pure CuInS2 particles have been successfully synthesized by solid state melt growth method. The crystallographic structure, morphological, chemical composition and optical properties of synthesized sample have been characterized by various analytical techniques, includes X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX), UV–vis–NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. From the XRD spectra chalcopyrite structure of CuInS2 sample with phase pure nano particles is confirmed. Annealing promotes the grain size and crystallinity of the CuInS2 sample and is clearly indicated by XRD analysis. The optical band gap energy of CuInS2 sample is calculated to be 2.61 eV, which has also been confirmed by photoluminescence spectroscopy. SEM micrograph shows that the CuInS2 sample is composed of particles ranges from 25–50 nm in size. Annealed sample confirms the increase of particle size up to 85 nm. Compositional stability of CuInS2 phase pure nano particles have been studied by thermo gravimetric analysis. The effect of annealing temperatures on the structural and morphological properties of CuInS2 nanocrystals synthesized by solid state reactions has also been studied in this report.
An Intelligent, Solar‐Responsive, and Thermally Conductive Phase‐Change System Toward Solar‐Thermal‐Electrical Conversion Featuring Daytime Blooming for Solar Energy Harvesting and Nighttime Closing for Thermal Preservation
Authors: Zhao Hao‐Yu , Wang Xin , Wu Jing , Shu Chao , Gao Fu‐Lin , Li Changjun , Lu Xiao‐Hang , Zhang Yan , Wang Qianlong , Li Xiaofeng , Yu Zhong‐Zhen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo alleviate resource shortage and environmental pollution, solar energy can be converted into thermal energy stored in phase change materials and in turn generate electrical energy. To enhance the solar energy utilization efficiency of solar‐thermal‐electrical conversion devices and prevent the heat loss to the environment at night, an intelligent solar‐responsive phase‐change system is innovatively designed consisting of a graphene aerogel film/paraffin wax stamen with an ultra‐high thermal conductivity of 46.7 W m−1 K−1, and thermally preserving aerogel film/liquid crystal elastomer bilayer petals that can bend solar‐responsively by the synergistic effect of solar‐thermal energy conversion and heat‐induced contraction. The solar‐responsive phase‐change system achieves daytime blooming for solar‐thermal conversion with simultaneous energy storage and nighttime closing for minimizing heat loss to the environment, exhibiting a high solar‐thermal conversion and energy storage efficiency of 89.4% and delaying its temperature drop by the thermal preservation effect of the petals. The assembled solar‐responsive solar‐thermal‐electric generator can reach an output voltage of 1033.8 mV at a light intensity of 500 mW cm−2 and continue to generate electrical energy during nighttime, holding tremendous promise in efficient solar energy conversion, storage, and utilization.
Bi‐Functional Green Additive Anchoring Interface Enables Stable Zinc Metal Anodes for Aqueous Zinc‐Ions Batteries
Authors: Li Yiming , Liu Lantao , Zhang Hu , Wang Hongxing , Sun Ziyu , Zhang Zhigang , Pang Weiwei , Omanovic Sasha , Sun Shuhui , Chen Xiaohong , Song Huaihe 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs one of the most promising anodes for aqueous batteries, Zn metal faces uncontrollable side reactions and deleterious dendrite growth, which drastically compromise its cycle life and coulombic efficiency (CE). In this work, a bi‐functional and environmentally‐friendly high‐performance electrolyte is prepared by introducing maleic anhydride (MA) as an additive. In situ/ex situ experiments and simulation indicate that MA can enter the Zn2+ solvated sheath to replace the distribution of some water molecules and form a cross‐linked hydrogen bond network with H2O to inhibit the side reactions caused by the decomposition of active water molecules. In addition, MA can induce uniform deposition of Zn by adsorption on Zn (002) crystal surface and inhibit dendrite growth. The symmetric cells assembled with MA as the electrolyte additive have a long cycle life of 4000 h at 25 °C and can be stably cycled for >400 h at −8 °C (1 mA cm−2/1 mAh cm−2). In the presence of MA in the electrolyte, Zn//MnO2 full cell shows good cycle stability over 200 cycles (N/P = 4.1). This study reports a simple and effective strategy for promoting the commercial application of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs).
Mussel‐Inspired, Self‐Healing, Highly Effective Fully Polymeric Fire‐Retardant Coatings Enabled by Group Synergy
Authors: Ma Zhewen , Feng Jiabing , Huo Siqi , Sun Ziqi , Bourbigot Serge , Wang Hao , Gao Jiefeng , Tang Long‐Cheng , Zheng Wei , Song Pingan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFire‐retardant coatings represent a universal cost‐effective approach to providing fire protection for various substrates without compromising substrates’ bulk properties. However, it has been attractive yet highly challenging to create waterborne polymeric fire‐retardant coatings combining high‐efficiency, generally strong adhesion, and self‐repairability due to a lack of rational design principles. Inspired by mussel's unique adhesive, self‐healing, and char‐forming mechanisms, herein, a “group synergy” design strategy is proposed to realize the combination of self‐healing, strong adhesion, and high efficiency in a fully polymeric fire‐retardant coating via multiple synergies between catechol, phosphonic, and hydroxyethyl groups. As‐created fire‐retardant coating exhibits a rapid room‐temperature self‐healing ability and strong adhesion to (non)polar substrates due to multiple dynamic non‐covalent interactions enabled by these groups. Because these functional groups enable the formation of a robust structurally intact yet slightly expanded char layer upon exposure to flame, a 200 µm‐thick such coating can make extremely flammable polystyrene foam very difficult to ignite and self‐extinguishing, which far outperforms previous strategies. Moreover, this coating can provide universal exceptional fire protection for a variety of substrates from polymer foams, and timber, to fabric and steel. This work presents a promising material design principle to create next‐generation sustainable high‐performance fire‐retardant coatings for general fire protection.
Multi‐Functional Metasurfaces as a Platform to Realize Ultra‐Compact Confocal Instrumentation for on‐Machine Metrology
Authors: Townend Daniel J. , Henning Andrew J. , Williamson James , Martin Haydn , Jiang Xiangqian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs manufacturing looks to employ more smart and autonomous processes to improve how items are made, reducing scrappage rates and with it the associated waste of time and energy, new ultra‐compact sensors are needed that can be deployed where existing instrumentation cannot. The use of traditional methods when constructing optical sensors limits the progress that can be made in reducing their size and weight, however, emerging technologies such as metasurfaces offer a platform by which these barriers can be overcome to develop the sensors needed to underpin this manufacturing transition. Here it is demonstrated that how a single metasurface can be used to deliver all the optical manipulations required to create a metasurface‐based confocal sensor with only the addition of a point source and point detector. By combining the optical functionality of both the illumination and the collection optics in this way the system is simplified and reduced in size significantly. While here how a metasurface can be used to reduce the number of elements needed to produce an ultra‐compact confocal sensor is demonstrated, this approach can be used to simplify a far wider range of instrumentation to greatly reduce their size and weight.
Reversible Hydro/Halochromic Electrospun Textiles: Harnessing Chromic Technologies in Wearables for Anti‐Counterfeiting Applications
Authors: Chen Huan‐Ru , Chang Kai‐Jie , Lo Tse‐Yu , Chen Chien‐Lin , Tseng Kuan‐Hsun , Hsu Hsun‐Hao , Chen Jiun‐Tai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWearable technology has seen rapid advancement, yet the integration of responsive materials into wearable devices poses significant challenges, particularly in maintaining fabric integrity and user comfort while ensuring sensitivity and responsiveness to environmental stimuli. In this work, these challenges are addressed by developing an ultra‐stable hydrochromic fabric that exhibits both hydro‐ and halochromic responsiveness. Utilizing a bimolecular fluoran dye system composed of a black leuco dye (ODB‐2) and a weak acid developer (benzyl 4‐hydroxybenzoate, B4H), these materials are embedded into a robust fibrous matrix constructed through an electrospinning process with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). This approach ensures the breathability, flexibility, and structural integrity of the fabrics, while the hydrophobic nature of TPU contributes to the stability and reversibility of the hydro/halochromic properties. The strategy allows for immediate, high‐contrast color changes upon exposure to water and acidic/basic vapors. These fabrics are also applied in rewritable data encryption, demonstrating their potential in anti‐counterfeiting. Furthermore, the investigation into the mechanical properties of these fabrics confirms their durability and resilience, making them ideal for wearable technology.