bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are job strain and sleep disturbances prognostic factors for neck/shoulder/arm pain? A cohort study of a general population of working age in Sweden
Authors: Rasmussen-Barr E , Grooten W J A , Hallqvist J , Holm L W , Skillgate E 
Published: July 2014

ObjectiveTo study whether job strain, that is, psychological job demands and decision latitude, and sleep disturbances among persons withoccasionalneck/shoulder/arm pain (NSAP) are prognostic factors for having experienced at least one episode oftroublesomeNSAP, and to determine whether sleep disturbances modify the association between job strain and troublesome NSAP.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingStockholm, Sweden.ParticipantsA population-based cohort of individuals with occasional NSAP (n=6979) who answered surveys in 2006 and 2010.Outcome measuresReport of at least one episode of troublesome NSAP in 2010.ResultsThe ORs for troublesome NSAP at follow-up were in individuals exposed to passive jobs 1.2 (95% CI 0.9 to 1.4); to active jobs 1.3 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.5); to high strain 1.5 (95% CI 1.0 to 2.4); to mild sleep disturbances 1.4 (95% CI 1.3 to 1.6) and to severe sleep disturbances 2.2 (95% CI 1.6 to 3.0). High strain and active jobs were associated with having experienced at least one episode of troublesome NSAP during the previous 6 months in persons with sleep disturbances, but not in individuals without sleep disturbances.ConclusionsOur results indicate that high strain, active jobs and sleep disturbances are prognostic factors that should be taken into account when implementing preventive measures to minimise the risk of troublesome NSAP among people of working age. We suggest that sleep disturbances may modify the association between high strain and troublesome NSAP.
A randomised trial deploying a simulation to investigate the impact of hospital discharge letters on patient care in general practice
Authors: Jiwa Moyez , Meng Xingqiong , O'Shea Carolyn , Magin Parker , Dadich Ann , Pillai Vinita 
Published: July 2014

ObjectiveTo determine how the timing and length of hospital discharge letters impact on the number of ongoing patient problems identified by general practitioners (GPs).Trial designGPs were randomised into four groups. Each viewed a video monologue of an actor-patient as he might present to his GP following a hospital admission with 10 problems. GPs were provided with a medical record as well as a long or short discharge letter, which was available when the video was viewed or 1 week later. GPs indicated if they would prescribe, refer or order tests for the patient's problems.MethodsSettingPrimary care.ParticipantsPractising Australian GPs.InterventionA short or long hospital discharge letter enumerating patient problems.Outcome measureNumber of ongoing patient problems out of 10 identified for management by the GPs.Randomisation1:1 randomisation.Blinding (masking)Single-blind.ResultsNumbers randomised59 GPs.RecruitmentGPs were recruited from a network of 102 GPs across Australia.Numbers analysed59 GPs.OutcomeGPs who received the long letter immediately were more satisfied with this information (p<0.001). Those who received the letter immediately identified significantly more health problems (p=0.001). GPs who received a short, delayed discharge letter were less satisfied than those who received a longer delayed letter (p=0.03); however, both groups who received the delayed letter identified a similar number of health problems. GPs who were older, who practised in an inner regional area or who offered more patient sessions per week identified fewer health problems (p values <0.01, <0.05 and <0.05, respectively).HarmsNil.ConclusionsReceiving information during patient consultation, as well as GP characteristics, influences the number of patient problems addressed.Trial registration numberACTRN12614000403639.
Global existence and explosive solution for stochastic viscoelastic wave equation with nonlinear damping
Authors: Liang Fei , Gao Hongjun 
Published: July 2014

In this paper, we discuss an initial boundary value problem for the stochastic viscoelastic wave equation involving the nonlinear damping term |ut|q-2utand a source term of the type |u|p-2u. We firstly establish the local existence and uniqueness of solution by the Galerkin approximation method and an elementary measure-theoretic argument. Moreover, we also show that the solution is global for q ≥ p. Secondly, by the technique of [Existence of a solution of the wave equation with nonlinear damping and source term, J. Differential Equations 109 (1994) 295–308] with a modification in the energy functional, we prove that the local solution of the stochastic equations will blow up with positive probability or explosive in energy sense for p > q. This result extends earlier ones obtained by Liang and Gao [Explosive solutions of stochastic viscoelastic wave equations with damping, Rev. Math. Phys. 23(8) (2011) 883–902] in which only linear damping is considered. Furthermore, upon comparing our stochastic equations with their deterministic counterparts, we find that our results indicates that the presence of noise might affect the occurrence of blow-up.
On the edge: a consideration of the adaptive capacity of Indigenous Peoples in coastal zones from the Arctic to the Tropics
Authors: Mulrennan Monica E. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Indigenous peoples occupy many of the world's coastal zones, and have used and managed coastal and marine resources for millennia. As a result they have accumulated extensive knowledge about these environments that supported their ability to colonize new territories in the past and informs their on-going adaptive responses to environmental, climatic and socio-cultural changes. This paper examines the adaptive capacity of Indigenous peoples over time and across a range of coastal settings. It begins with a discussion of some reasons for the relative neglect, until recently, of cultural adaptations in coastal settings. The experiences of a selection of Indigenous groups in each of three coastal zones – Arctic, Temperate and Tropical – are then explored in relation to various adaptive mechanisms they have employed traditionally as well as in contemporary contexts. Comparison across these experiences indicates that Indigenous peoples regard the coast as an integral component of a land–sea continuum that provides enhanced food security, important cultural and spiritual attachments, and valuable opportunities for social interaction and learning. Coastal science and policy initiatives stand to benefit from greater consideration of the adaptive strategies of Indigenous coastal peoples.
IDH1 R132H Mutation Generates a Distinct Phospholipid Metabolite Profile in Glioma
Authors: Esmaeili Morteza , Hamans Bob C. , Navis Anna C. , van Horssen Remco , Bathen Tone F. , Gribbestad Ingrid S. , Leenders William P. , Heerschap Arend 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Many patients with glioma harbor specific mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase gene IDH1 that associate with a relatively better prognosis. IDH1-mutated tumors produce the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate. Because IDH1 also regulates several pathways leading to lipid synthesis, we hypothesized that IDH1-mutant tumors have an altered phospholipid metabolite profile that would impinge on tumor pathobiology. To investigate this hypothesis, we performed 31P-MRS imaging in mouse xenograft models of four human gliomas, one of which harbored the IDH1-R132H mutation. 31P-MR spectra from the IDH1-mutant tumor displayed a pattern distinct from that of the three IDH1 wild-type tumors, characterized by decreased levels of phosphoethanolamine and increased levels of glycerophosphocholine. This spectral profile was confirmed by ex vivo analysis of tumor extracts, and it was also observed in human surgical biopsies of IDH1-mutated tumors by 31P high-resolution magic angle spinning spectroscopy. The specificity of this profile for the IDH1-R132H mutation was established by in vitro31P-NMR of extracts of cells overexpressing IDH1 or IDH1-R132H. Overall, our results provide evidence that the IDH1-R132H mutation alters phospholipid metabolism in gliomas involving phosphoethanolamine and glycerophosphocholine. These new noninvasive biomarkers can assist in the identification of the mutation and in research toward novel treatments that target aberrant metabolism in IDH1-mutant glioma. Cancer Res; 74(17); 4898–907. ©2014 AACR.
Molecular Pathways: Epigenetic Modulation of Wnt–Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Signaling to Target Human Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Benoit Yannick D. , Guezguez Borhane , Boyd Allison L. , Bhatia Mickie 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Aberrant regulation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway (Wnt–β-catenin–GSK3 axis) has been a prevalent theme in cancer biology since earlier observations until recent genetic discoveries gleaned from tumor genome sequencing. During the last few decades, a large body of work demonstrated the involvement of the Wnt–β-catenin–GSK3 signaling axis in the formation and maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSC) responsible for tumor growth in several types of human malignancies. Recent studies have elucidated epigenetic mechanisms that control pluripotency and stemness, and allow a first assessment on how embryonic and normal tissue stem cells are dysregulated in cancer to give rise to CSCs, and how canonical Wnt signaling might be involved. Here, we review emerging concepts highlighting the critical role of epigenetics in CSC development through abnormal canonical Wnt signaling. Finally, we refer to the characterization of novel and powerful inhibitors of chromatin organization machinery that, in turn, restore the Wnt–β-catenin–GSK3 signaling axis in malignant cells, and describe attempts/relevance to bring these compounds into preclinical and clinical studies. Clin Cancer Res; 20(21); 5372–8. ©2014 AACR.
Association of Neighborhood Characteristics With Cardiovascular Health in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Unger Erin , Diez-Roux Ana V. , Lloyd-Jones Donald M. , Mujahid Mahasin S. , Nettleton Jennifer A. , Bertoni Alain , Badon Sylvia E. , Ning Hongyan , Allen Norrina B. 
Published: July 2014

Background—
The concept of cardiovascular health (CVH) was introduced as a global measure of one's burden of cardiovsacular risk factors. Previous studies established the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and individual cardiovascular risk factors. However, the relationship between neighborhood environment and overall CVH remains unknown.

Methods and Results—
We analyzed data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis baseline examination (2000–2002). Mean age was 61.6 years, and 52% were women. Ideal, intermediate, and poor categories of cholesterol, body mass index, diet, physical activity, fasting glucose, blood pressure, and smoking were defined according to the American Heart Association 2020 Strategic Goals, assigned an individual score, and summed to create an overall score. CVH scores were categorized into ideal (11–14 points), intermediate (9–10), and poor (0–8). Neighborhood exposures included favorable food store and physical activity resources densities (by 1-mile buffer), reported healthy food availability, walking/physical activity environment, safety, and social cohesion (by census tract). Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the association of each characteristic with ideal and intermediate CVH, adjusted for demographics and neighborhood socioeconomic status. Over 20% of Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants had an ideal CVH score at baseline. In fully adjusted models, favorable food stores (odds ratio=1.22; 1.06–1.40), physical activity resources (odds ratio=1.19; 1.08–1.31), walking/physical activity environment (odds ratio=1.20; 1.05–1.37), and neighborhood socioeconomic status (odds ratio=1.22; 1.11–1.33) were associated with higher odds of having an ideal CVH score.

Conclusions—
Neighborhood environment including favorable food stores, physical activity resources, walking/physical activity environment, and neighborhood socioeconomic status are associated with ideal CVH. Further research is needed to investigate the longitudinal associations between neighborhood environment and CVH.
Reversible De Novo Left Ventricular Trabeculations in Pregnant Women
Authors: Gati Sabiha , Papadakis Michael , Papamichael Nikolaos D. , Zaidi Abbas , Sheikh Nabeel , Reed Matthew , Sharma Rajan , Thilaganathan Baskaran , Sharma Sanjay 
Published: July 2014

Background—
Patients with heart failure and chronic anemia frequently demonstrate left ventricular (LV) trabeculations, which may be compatible with the diagnosis of LV noncompaction. We used the pregnancy model, which is characterized by a reversible increase in cardiac preload and other changes in cardiac function, to assess the development of de novo LV trabeculations in women with morphologically normal hearts.

Methods and Results—
One hundred two primigravida pregnant women were evaluated longitudinally with a series of echocardiograms in the first trimester, in the third trimester, and postpartum. Echocardiograms were analyzed according to established guidelines. Increased LV trabeculations and the presence of LV noncompaction were based on established criteria. Pregnancy was associated with an increased heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output, as well as increased LV volume and mass. During pregnancy, 26 women (25.4%) developed increased trabeculations. Eight women showed sufficient trabeculations to fulfill criteria for LV noncompaction. During the postpartum follow-up period of 24±3 months, 19 women (73%) demonstrated complete resolution of trabeculations, and 5 showed a marked reduction in the trabeculated layer.

Conclusions—
Pregnancy induces de novo LV trabeculations in a significant proportion of women. The results suggest that LV trabeculations occur in response to increased LV loading conditions or other physiological responses to pregnancy and are not specific for LV noncompaction. These factors should be considered in the assessment of individuals with LV trabeculations outside the context of symptoms of heart failure or familial cardiomyopathy.
Pittsburgh Outcomes After Stroke Thrombectomy Score Predicts Outcomes After Endovascular Therapy for Anterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusions
Authors: Rangaraju Srikant , Liggins John T.P. , Aghaebrahim Amin , Streib Christopher , Sun Chung-Huan , Gupta Rishi , Nogueira Raul , Frankel Michael , Mlynash Michael , Lansberg Maarten , Albers Gregory , Jadhav Ashutosh , Jovin Tudor G. 
Published: July 2014

Background and Purpose—
Prognostication tools that predict good outcome in patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusions after endovascular therapy are lacking. We aim to develop a tool that incorporates clinical and imaging data to predict outcomes after endovascular therapy.

Methods—
In a derivation cohort of anterior circulation large vessel occlusion stroke patients treated with endovascular therapy within 8 hours from time last seen well (n=247), we performed logistic regression to identify independent predictors of good outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale, 0–2). Factors were weighted based on β-coefficients to derive the Pittsburgh Outcomes After Stroke Thrombectomy (POST) score. POST was validated in an institutional endovascular database (University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, n=393) and the Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Evaluation for Understanding Stroke Evolution Study-2 (DEFUSE-2) data set (n=105), as well as in patients treated beyond 8 hours (n=194) and in octogenarians (n=111).

Results—

In the derivation cohort, independent predictors (
P
<0.1) of good outcome included 24- to 72-hour final infarct volume (in cm
3
,
P
<0.001), age (years,
P
<0.001), and parenchymal hematoma types 1 and 2 (H,
P
=0.01). POST was calculated as age+0.5×final infarct volume+15×H. Patients with POST score <60 had a 91% chance of good outcome compared with 4% with POST score ≥120. POST accurately predicted good outcomes in the derivation (area under the curve [AUC]=0.85) and validation cohorts (University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, AUC=0.81; DEFUSE-2, AUC=0.86), as well as in patients treated beyond 8 hours (AUC, 0.85) and octogenarians (AUC=0.76). POST had better predictive accuracy for good and poor outcome than the ischemic stroke predictive risk score (iSCORE).

Conclusions—
POST score is a validated predictor of outcome in patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusions after endovascular therapy.
Impact of State Medicaid Coverage on Utilization of Inpatient Rehabilitation Facilities Among Patients With Stroke
Authors: Skolarus Lesli E. , Burke James F. , Morgenstern Lewis B. , Meurer William J. , Adelman Eric E. , Kerber Kevin A. , Callaghan Brian C. , Lisabeth Lynda D. 
Published: July 2014

Background and Purpose—
Poststroke rehabilitation is associated with improved outcomes. Medicaid coverage of inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) admissions varies by state. We explored the role of state Medicaid IRF coverage on IRF utilization among patients with stroke.

Methods—
Working age ischemic stroke patients with Medicaid were identified from the 2010 Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Medicaid coverage of IRFs (yes versus no) was ascertained. Primary outcome was discharge to IRF (versus other discharge destinations). We fit a logistic regression model that included patient demographics, Medicaid coverage, comorbidities, length of stay, tissue-type plasminogen activator use, state Medicaid IRF coverage, and the interaction between patient Medicaid status and state Medicaid IRF coverage while accounting for hospital clustering.

Results—

Medicaid did not cover IRFs in 4 (TN, TX, SC, WV) of 42 states. The impact of State Medicaid IRF coverage was limited to Medicaid stroke patients (
P
for interaction <0.01). Compared with Medicaid stroke patients in states with Medicaid IRF coverage, Medicaid stroke patients hospitalized in states without Medicaid IRF coverage were less likely to be discharged to an IRF of 11.6% (95% confidence interval, 8.5%–14.7%) versus 19.5% (95% confidence interval, 18.3%–20.8%),
P
<0.01 after full adjustment.

Conclusions—
State Medicaid coverage of IRFs is associated with IRF utilization among stroke patients with Medicaid. Given the increasing stroke incidence among the working age and Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act, careful attention to state Medicaid policy for poststroke rehabilitation and analysis of its effects on stroke outcome disparities are warranted.
Desmopressin Improves Platelet Activity in Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Naidech Andrew M. , Maas Matthew B. , Levasseur-Franklin Kimberly E. , Liotta Eric M. , Guth James C. , Berman Micheal , Rosenow Joshua M. , Lindholm Paul F. , Bendok Bernard R. , Prabhakaran Shyam , Bernstein Richard A. , Kwaan Hau C. 
Published: July 2014

Background and Purpose—
Minimizing hematoma growth in high-risk patients is an attractive strategy to improve outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage. We tested the hypothesis that desmopressin (DDAVP), which improves hemostasis through the release of von Willebrand factor, improves platelet activity after intracerebral hemorrhage.

Methods—
Patients with reduced platelet activity on point-of-care testing alone (5), known aspirin use alone (1), or both (8) received desmopressin 0.4 μg/kg IV. We measured Platelet Function Analyzer-epinephrine (Siemens AG, Germany) and von Willebrand factor antigen from baseline to 1 hour after infusion start and hematoma volume from the diagnostic to a follow-up computed tomographic scan.

Results—

We enrolled 14 patients with of mean age 66.8±14.6 years, 11 (85%) of whom were white and 8 (57%) were men. Mean Platelet Function Analyzer-epinephrine results shortened from 192±18 seconds pretreatment to 124±15 seconds (
P
=0.01) 1 hour later, indicating improved plate activity. von Willebrand factor antigen increased from 242±96% to 289±103% activity (
P
=0.004), indicating the expected increase in von Willebrand factor. Of 7 (50%) patients who received desmopressin within 12 hours of intracerebral hemorrhage symptom onset, changes in hematoma volume were modest, −0.5 (−1.4 to 8.4) mL and only 2 had hematoma growth. One patient had low blood pressure and another had a new fever within 6 hours of desmopressin administration.

Conclusions—
Intravenous desmopressin was well tolerated and improved platelet activity after acute intracerebral hemorrhage. Larger studies are needed to determine its potential effects on reducing hematoma growth versus platelet transfusion or placebo.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00961532.
Billboard Advertising and Sexualisation in Metro Manila
Authors: Cornelio Jayeel Serrano 
Published: July 2014

Several billboard ads in Metro Manila have stirred controversy in the past decade for using images suggesting sexual acts or revealing private body parts. Politicians and church leaders have criticised them as being ‘indecent’ or ‘pornographic’. But in spite of this advertising strategy being abandoned, a fresh wave of billboards in Metro Manila has continued to use sexualised images, arguably in innovative ways. A content analysis of some of these billboards suggests that two representational techniques are emergent: purposive and referential. Public criticisms have then been strategically circumvented.
The discourses that have surrounded billboard sexualisation in Metro Manila unravel the moral conservatism of religious institutions and the state. The purposive and referential techniques on billboards are an attempt to navigate such conservatism. Two possibilities are discernible. As the attention is on viewers’ imagination, the referential technique affords space for the cultural critique of these norms. In contrast, the purposive technique is limited as it focuses on the product’s benefit to the customer. This has led to the reinforcement of sexual stereotypes concerning masculinity and femininity, for example. The article ends by reflecting on the state of sexualisation in Metro Manila.
New species of Haliclona (Demospongiae: Haplosclerida: Chalinidae) from Western Australia
Authors: FROMONT JANE , ABDO DAVID A. 
Published: July 2014

Two new sponge species, Haliclona durdong sp. nov. and Haliclona djeedara sp. nov. from the south west of Western Australia are described. Morphologically distinct from each other, both species are assigned to the genus Haliclona subgenus Haliclona. Haliclona djeedara sp. nov. individuals are ficiform to lobate, brown to beige in colour and have numerous apical oscules. Haliclona durdong sp. nov. individuals have a massive morphology, green colour, and large funnel-like oscules. The description of these two new species brings the species of Haliclona (Haliclona) in Australia to 25.