bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transglutaminase 2–Specific Autoantibodies in Celiac Disease Target Clustered, N-Terminal Epitopes Not Displayed on the Surface of Cells
Authors: Iversen Rasmus , Di Niro Roberto , Stamnaes Jorunn , Lundin Knut E. A. , Wilson Patrick C. , Sollid Ludvig M. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The gluten-sensitive enteropathy celiac disease is tightly associated with the production of autoantibodies specific for the enzyme transglutaminase 2 (TG2). The mechanisms underlying the activation of autoreactive B cells, however, are not well defined. To gain more insight into this autoimmune response we have characterized the binding of TG2 by a panel of human mAbs generated by expression cloning of Ig genes from single plasma cells of the celiac disease lesion. The Abs were highly specific to TG2 and bound preferentially to the open, Ca2+-activated enzyme conformation. Epitope mapping revealed that they recognize few distinct conformational epitopes that cluster in the N-terminal half of the enzyme. Two of the epitopes were overlapping with the fibronectin binding site in TG2, and none of the epitopes was accessible when TG2 was in a cell surface–bound form. Based on our findings, we propose that the autoantibodies are generated against the soluble, catalytically active enzyme, whereas Abs reactive with cell surface–associated TG2 are absent from the response due to negative selection of B cells recognizing membrane-bound self-Ag. The findings give insight into the mechanisms controlling the formation of anti-TG2 autoantibodies in celiac disease.
Truncated Form of TGF-βRII, But Not Its Absence, Induces Memory CD8+ T Cell Expansion and Lymphoproliferative Disorder in Mice
Authors: Ishigame Harumichi , Mosaheb Munir M. , Sanjabi Shomyseh , Flavell Richard A. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines play an important role in the generation of effector and memory CD8+ T cells. We used two different models, transgenic expression of truncated (dominant negative) form of TGF-βRII (dnTGFβRII) and Cre-mediated deletion of the floxed TGF-βRII to examine the role of TGF-β signaling in the formation, function, and homeostatic proliferation of memory CD8+ T cells. Blocking TGF-β signaling in effector CD8+ T cells using both of these models demonstrated a role for TGF-β in regulating the number of short-lived effector cells but did not alter memory CD8+ T cell formation and their function upon Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice. Interestingly, however, a massive lymphoproliferative disorder and cellular transformation were observed in Ag-experienced and homeostatically generated memory CD8+ T cells only in cells that express the dnTGFβRII and not in cells with a complete deletion of TGF-βRII. Furthermore, the development of transformed memory CD8+ T cells expressing dnTGFβRII was IL-7– and IL-15–independent, and MHC class I was not required for their proliferation. We show that transgenic expression of the dnTGFβRII, rather than the absence of TGF-βRII–mediated signaling, is responsible for dysregulated expansion of memory CD8+ T cells. This study uncovers a previously unrecognized dominant function of the dnTGFβRII in CD8+ T cell proliferation and cellular transformation, which is caused by a mechanism that is different from the absence of TGF-β signaling. These results should be considered during both basic and translational studies where there is a desire to block TGF-β signaling in CD8+ T cells.
A Novel Targeting Therapy of Malignant Mesothelioma Using Anti-Podoplanin Antibody
Authors: Abe Shinji , Morita Yuki , Kaneko Mika Kato , Hanibuchi Masaki , Tsujimoto Yuta , Goto Hisatsugu , Kakiuchi Soji , Aono Yoshinori , Huang Jun , Sato Seidai , Kishuku Masatoshi , Taniguchi Yuki , Azuma Mami , Kawazoe Kazuyoshi , Sekido Yoshitaka , Yano Seiji , Akiyama Shin-ichi , Sone Saburo , Minakuchi Kazuo , Kato Yukinari , Nishioka Yasuhiko 
Published: May 2013

AbstractPodoplanin (Aggrus), which is a type I transmembrane sialomucin-like glycoprotein, is highly expressed in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). We previously reported the generation of a rat anti-human podoplanin Ab, NZ-1, which inhibited podoplanin-induced platelet aggregation and hematogenous metastasis. In this study, we examined the antitumor effector functions of NZ-1 and NZ-8, a novel rat-human chimeric Ab generated from NZ-1 including Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity against MPM in vitro and in vivo. Immunostaining with NZ-1 showed the expression of podoplanin in 73% (11 out of 15) of MPM cell lines and 92% (33 out of 36) of malignant mesothelioma tissues. NZ-1 could induce potent ADCC against podoplanin-positive MPM cells mediated by rat NK (CD161a+) cells, but not murine splenocytes or human mononuclear cells. Treatment with NZ-1 significantly reduced the growth of s.c. established tumors of MPM cells (ACC-MESO-4 or podoplanin-transfected MSTO-211H) in SCID mice, only when NZ-1 was administered with rat NK cells. In in vivo imaging, NZ-1 efficiently accumulated to xenograft of MPM, and its accumulation continued for 3 wk after systemic administration. Furthermore, NZ-8 preferentially recognized podoplanin expressing in MPM, but not in normal tissues. NZ-8 could induce higher ADCC mediated by human NK cells and complement-dependent cytotoxicity as compared with NZ-1. Treatment with NZ-8 and human NK cells significantly inhibited the growth of MPM cells in vivo. These results strongly suggest that targeting therapy to podoplanin with therapeutic Abs (i.e., NZ-8) derived from NZ-1 might be useful as a novel immunotherapy against MPM.
GB Virus C Particles Inhibit T Cell Activation via Envelope E2 Protein-Mediated Inhibition of TCR Signaling
Authors: Bhattarai Nirjal , McLinden James H. , Xiang Jinhua , Landay Alan L. , Chivero Ernest T. , Stapleton Jack T. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Viruses enter into complex interactions within human hosts, leading to facilitation or suppression of each other’s replication. Upon coinfection, GB virus C (GBV-C) suppresses HIV-1 replication in vivo and in vitro, and GBV-C coinfection is associated with prolonged survival in HIV-infected people. GBV-C is a lymphotropic virus capable of persistent infection. GBV-C infection is associated with reduced T cell activation in HIV-infected humans, and immune activation is a critical component of HIV disease pathogenesis. We demonstrate that serum GBV-C particles inhibited activation of primary human T cells. T cell activation inhibition was mediated by the envelope glycoprotein E2, because expression of E2 inhibited TCR-mediated activation of Lck. The region on the E2 protein was characterized and revealed a highly conserved peptide motif sufficient to inhibit TCR-mediated signaling. The E2 region contained a predicted Lck substrate site, and substitution of an alanine or histidine for the tyrosine reversed TCR-signaling inhibition. GBV-C E2 protein and a synthetic peptide representing the inhibitory amino acid sequence were phosphorylated by Lck in vitro. The synthetic peptide also inhibited TCR-mediated activation of primary human CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Extracellular microvesicles from GBV-C E2–expressing cells contained E2 protein and inhibited TCR signaling in bystander T cells not expressing E2. Thus, GBV-C reduced global T cell activation via competition between its envelope protein E2 and Lck following TCR engagement. This novel inhibitory mechanism of T cell activation may provide new approaches for HIV and immunoactivation therapy.
Rehabilitation Based on BCI: An Innovative Enhancement for Sensorimotor Cortex Rhythms Systemization
Authors: M. Anna Latha , R. Ramesh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe research proposes a novel strategy for categorizing electroencephalograms (EEG) in real‐time brain‐computer interfaces that have rehabilitation applications. The methodology utilizes Five Cross‐Common Spatial Patterns (FCCSP) to develop a motor movement/imagery systemization model that extracts multi‐domain characteristics with excellent performance. The goal is to eliminate the impact caused by EEG's nonstationarity. The article highlights the findings of a real‐time technique that is incorporated into a comprehensive prediction system, and it offers an innovative method to boost accuracy in real‐time Sensory‐Motor cortex Rhythms (SMR). The accuracy increased from 57.14% using raw EEG to 85.71% after preprocessing, and from 58.08% to 97.94% in public domain SMR. The proposed Butterworth bandpass filter is optimized using the FCCSP to determine the ideal bandwidth that incorporates the whole EEG features in beta waves. The Hybrid Systemization of the Correlated Feature Removal classifier is then integrated with the FCCSP method to create improved predictive models. As a consequence, while applied to real‐time and PhysioNet datasets, the outcome system achieved outstanding accuracy values of 85.71% and 97.94%, respectively. This demonstrates the robustness of the strategy to increase SMR prediction efficiency.
Bonded Interface Enabled Durable Solid‐state Lithium Metal Batteries with Ultra‐low Interfacial Resistance of 0.25 Ω cm2
Authors: Huang Huayan , Jin Jun , Zheng Chujun , Wang Lingchen , Yuan Huihui , Xiu Tongping , Song Zhen , Badding Michael E. , Yue Ke , Tao Xinyong , Lu Yan , Wen Zhaoyin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe solid‐state batteries (SSBs) with Li anode present one of the most promising energy storage systems due to their enhanced energy density and safety. However, interfacial problems between Li anode and solid‐state electrolyte hinder the advancement of SSBs. Among them, insufficient solid‐solid interfacial contact is the main issue, which causes large resistance and hinders Li+ diffusion, leading to current distribution unevenness and lithium dendrites growth. To meet these challenges, a silver/carbon interlayer composed of ultrafine Ag nanoparticles (≈5 nm) grown on COOH‐CNTs (nano‐Ag@COOH‐CNTs) is constructed. In which, nano‐Ag is designed to guide homogeneous Li deposition, while CNTs substrate bonds with Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 (LLZTO) electrolyte by reactions between ─COOH groups and LLZTO alkaline surface, thus transforming loose physical solid‐solid contact to chemical bonding contact. In addition, nano‐Ag is immobilized by CNTs, avoiding the migration of Li+ implanted nano‐Ag during cycling. Therefore, nano‐Ag@COOH‐CNTs interlayer can boost Li+ transport at LLZTO/Li interface and inhibit Li dendrites, achieving an ultra‐low interfacial resistance of 0.25 Ω cm2, a high critical current density of 1.7 mA cm−2 and a long cycling over 2155 h at 0.5 mA cm−2. The modified SSBs with LiNi0.83Co0.12Mn0.05O2 cathode cycles stably over 500 cycles. Moreover, high‐loading SSBs operate stably for 85 cycles.
Mussels Put Their Best “pH”oot Forward: Importance of pH in Formation of Biological and Bio‐Inspired Materials
Authors: Du Changyue , Rammal Mostafa , Rivard Mathieu D. , Harrington Matthew J. , Mauzeroll Janine 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMussel byssus offers bio‐inspired designs for advanced adhesives, coatings, and supramolecular hydrogels. Solidification of secreted proteins into mechanically robust fibers is triggered by a pH jump from acidic fluid condensates to basic seawater conditions driving protein crosslinking by metal coordination with 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA). Knowledge of the dynamic and localized pH changes during secretion is currently lacking. Yet, this information is crucial for controlling the gelation and properties of mussel‐inspired DOPA‐modified materials. Here, an iridium oxide‐based pH microsensor combining high mechanical stability and spatial resolution is used to measure the acidic pH during byssus secretion and to map mussel‐inspired hydrogels revealing compositional heterogeneity resulting in mechanically distinct regions. Within the hydrogel, high pH values >12 are measured which are detrimental to DOPA due to its strong propensity for oxidation, which adversely alters gel properties. This demonstrates the need to improve preparation methods of mussel‐inspired adhesive materials to more closely mimic native processes.
Dual Synapses and Security Devices from Ternary C60‐Pentacene‐TiO2‐x Nanorods Heterostructures
Authors: Jeon Yunchae , Lee Gyeongho , Kim Yeong Jae , Jang Byung Chul , Yoo Hocheon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the context of information explosion, neuromorphic and hardware‐based security devices have garnered significant attention for their capacity to facilitate parallel computing and not be vulnerable to hacking, respectively. A demonstration of a dual photosynaptic (DPS) and physically unclonable function (PUF) devices characterized by ternary TiO2‐x nanorods (NRs)/Pentacene/C60 heterostructure are simultaneously presented. For the DPS device, the ternary heterostructure leads to parallel‐operating DPS characteristics: i) wavelength‐dependent (WD) synapse and ii) stimulus‐moment‐dependent (SMD) synapse. Each synaptic characteristic demonstrates a remarkable degree of plasticity, which signifies a smooth transition from short‐term potentiation (STP) to long‐term potentiation (LTP). Moreover, The face recognition assessments have unveiled recognition rates of 83.3% for 2 operational modes. Notably, the DPS device maintains stable performance on the business card, even after a rigorous 49‐day testing period and undergoing 1 000 bending cycles. Regarding the PUF device, the security keys with unique patterns are created due to random current distribution induced by placement‐dependent doping effects of SnO2 quantum dots (QDs). Moreover, near‐ideal inter‐hamming distances (inter‐HDs), uniformities, and entropies are verified for all cryptographic keys. These findings introduce a pioneering concept of photonic synapses with their successful integration onto various substrates, including the hardware‐based security PUF device.
Dual‐Interface Competitive Fracture Model for Curvature‐Based Transfer Printing Method
Authors: Zhao Xingwei , Liang Ziwei , Zhang Ruiping , Zhao Qian , Ma Yinji , Feng Xue 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTransfer printing is a key technology in the fabrication of flexible electronics. Transfer printing method based on curvature provides a simple and effective way to transfer films onto weakly adhesive or even adhesiveless surfaces, overcoming the shortage of traditional transfer printing methods that it is difficult to print functional materials from strong interface to weak interface and can only be applicable to surfaces with certain interfacial strength. So far, the theoretical principle of the curvature‐based transfer printing method has not yet been developed. In this article, a dual‐interface competitive fracture model is established to analyze the mechanism of printing and picking up processes and quantitatively provide the critical transfer printing radius in terms of material and geometric properties of the transfer printing system. This model is verified to be both correct and widely applicable by rich experimental results, providing a new and reliable theory for the fabrication of inorganic flexible electronics.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Copper‐Catalyzed Alkylation/exo‐Cyclization of 1,7‐Dienes with Sulfonium Salts to Access Sulfur‐Containing Polycyclic Compounds
Authors: Liu Xin‐Qian , Fan Jian‐Hong , Tang Ke‐Wen , Zhong Long‐Jin , Liu Yu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA direct visible‐light‐promoted radical‐triggered tandem cyclization of 1,7‐diene systems with cyclic sulfonium salts by using copper(I)‐based complexes as photoredox catalyst is developed. With this approach, a variety of sulfur‐containing polycyclic derivatives are prepared through alkylation/6‐exo‐trig cyclization/5‐exo‐trig cyclization of 1,7‐diene systems under mild conditions. In addition, the photoinduced copper‐catalyzed ring‐opening of cyclic sulfonium salts provides the alkyl radical intermediates, which prefers addition to the C−C double bond that connected to the aromatic ring rather than the electron‐deficient vinyl in 1,7‐dienes. Moreover, oxidation of the desired sulfur‐containing polycyclic products provides a strategy for the preparation of remote nitrogen‐fused polycyclic substituted sulfoxide or sulfone‐containing derivatives.
Intermittent Fasting Targets Osteocyte Neuropeptide Y to Relieve Osteoarthritis
Authors: Qian Yu‐Xuan , Rao Shan‐Shan , Tan Yi‐Juan , Wang Zun , Yin Hao , Wan Teng‐Fei , He Ze‐Hui , Wang Xin , Hong Chun‐Gu , Zeng Hai‐Jin , Luo Yi , Duan Yan‐Xin , Zhu Hao , Hu Xin‐Yue , Zou Ling , Zhang Yan , Liu Bing‐Bing , Wang Zhen‐Xing , Du Wei , Chen Chun‐Yuan , Xie Hui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOsteoarthritis is a highly prevalent progressive joint disease that still requires an optimal therapeutic approach. Intermittent fasting is an attractive dieting strategy for improving health. Here this study shows that intermittent fasting potently relieves medial meniscus (DMM)‐ or natural aging‐induced osteoarthritic phenotypes. Osteocytes, the most abundant bone cells, secrete excess neuropeptide Y (NPY) during osteoarthritis, and this alteration can be altered by intermittent fasting. Both NPY and the NPY‐abundant culture medium of osteocytes (OCY‐CM) from osteoarthritic mice possess pro‐inflammatory, pro‐osteoclastic, and pro‐neurite outgrowth effects, while OCY‐CM from the intermittent fasting‐treated osteoarthritic mice fails to induce significant stimulatory effects on inflammation, osteoclast formation, and neurite outgrowth. Depletion of osteocyte NPY significantly attenuates DMM‐induced osteoarthritis and abolishes the benefits of intermittent fasting on osteoarthritis. This study suggests that osteocyte NPY is a key contributing factor in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and intermittent fasting represents a promising nonpharmacological antiosteoarthritis method by targeting osteocyte NPY.
Impact of Endoscopic Surgical Skill Qualification System‐certified surgeons as operators in laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery in Japan: A propensity score‐matched analysis (subanalysis of the EnSSURE study)
Authors: Kojo Ken , Yamanashi Takahiro , Homma Shigenori , Yamamoto Manabu , Miura Takuya , Ishii Yoshiyuki , Ishibe Atsushi , Ogawa Hiroomi , Ichikawa Nobuki , Iijima Hiroaki , Inomata Masafumi , Taketomi Akinobu , Naitoh Takeshi ,   EnSSURE study group collaboratives in Japan Society of Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn Japan, the Endoscopic Surgical Skill Qualification System (ESSQS) is used to evaluate surgical skills essential for laparoscopic surgery, but whether surgeons with this certification as operators improve the short‐term outcomes and prognosis after rectal cancer surgery is unclear. This cohort study was designed to compare the short‐term and long‐term outcomes of laparoscopic surgery for advanced rectal cancer performed by an ESSQS‐certified surgeon versus a surgeon without ESSQS certification.MethodsThe outcomes of cStage II and III rectal cancer surgery cases performed at 56 Japanese hospitals between 2014 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. To examine the impact of ESSQS‐certified surgeons as surgeons, the outcomes of cases with only ESSQS‐certified surgeons as operators were compared with those without involvement of ESSQS‐certified surgeons.ResultsA total of 3197 cases were enrolled, with 1015 in which surgery was performed by ESSQS‐certified surgeons, and 544 in which there was no involvement of ESSQS‐certified surgeons. After propensity score matching, the ESSQS group had significantly shorter operative time (p < 0.001), a lower conversion rate to open surgery (p < 0.001), and more dissected lymph nodes (p = 0.002).ConclusionLaparoscopic rectal surgery performed by ESSQS‐certified surgeons was significantly associated with improved short‐term outcomes. This demonstrates the utility of the ESSQS certification system.
Expansion of the phenotypic spectrum of KARS1‐related disorders to include arthrogryposis multiplex congenita and summary of experiences with lysine supplementation
Authors: Bejma Taylor A. , Beidler Willa S. , VanSickle Elizabeth A. , Prokop Jeremy W. , Brown Wendy T. , Scheurer‐Monaghan Andrea , Rossetti Linda Z. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThere are currently multiple disorders of aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetases described, including KARS1‐related disorder resulting from dysfunctional lysyl‐tRNA synthetases. In this report, we describe four novel KARS1 variants in three affected individuals, two of whom displayed arthrogryposis‐like phenotypes, suggestive of phenotypic expansion. We also highlight subjective clinical improvement in one subject following lysine supplementation in conjunction with a protein‐fortified diet, suggesting its potential as a novel treatment modality for KARS1‐related disorders. This report offers additional insight into the etiology and management of KARS1‐related disorders and expands our ability to provide guidance to affected individuals and their families.
Efficient Fabrication of High‐Density Ensembles of Color Centers via Ion Implantation on a Hot Diamond Substrate
Authors: Nieto Hernandez E. , Andrini G. , Crnjac A. , Brajkovic M. , Picariello F. , Corte E. , Pugliese V. , Matijević M. , Aprà P. , Varzi V. , Forneris J. , Genovese M. , Siketic Z. , Jaksic M. , Ditalia Tchernij S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNitrogen‐vacancy (NV) centers in diamonds are one of the most promising systems for quantum technologies, including quantum metrology and sensing. A promising strategy for the achievement of high sensitivity to external fields relies on the exploitation of large ensembles of NV centers, whose fabrication by ion implantation is upper limited by the amount of radiation damage introduced in the diamond lattice. In this work an approach is demonstrated to increase the density of NV centers upon the high‐fluence implantation of MeV N2+ ions on a hot target substrate (>550 °C). The results show that with respect to room‐temperature implantation, the high‐temperature process increases the vacancy density threshold required for the irreversible conversion of diamond to a graphitic phase, thus enabling to achieve higher density ensembles. Furthermore, the formation efficiency of color centers is investigated on diamond substrates implanted at varying temperatures with MeV N2+ and Mg+ ions revealing that the formation efficiency of both NV centers and magnesium‐vacancy (MgV) centers increases with the implantation temperature.