bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between restless legs syndrome and migraine: a population‐based study
Authors: Zanigni Stefano , Giannini Giulia , Melotti Roberto , Pattaro Cristian , Provini Federica , Cevoli Sabina , Facheris Maurizio F. , Cortelli Pietro , Pramstaller Peter P. 
Published: May 2014

Background and purposeA higher prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in migraineurs has been reported in clinical samples and in two large‐scale clinical trials performed on healthcare workers but general population‐based studies on this topic are lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the association between migraine and RLS in an Italian rural adult population‐based setting.MethodsThe presence of migraine and RLS was assessed via a computer‐assisted personal interview and self‐administered questionnaires according to current diagnostic criteria in 1567 participants of a preliminary phase of an adult population‐based study performed in South Tyrol, Italy.ResultsMigraineurs had an increased risk of having RLS also after adjustment for confounding factors such as age, sex, major depression, anxiety and sleep quality (odds ratio 1.79; confidence interval 1.00–3.19; P = 0.049). This association was not modified by aura status and possible causes of secondary RLS. RLS was not significantly associated with tension‐type headache.ConclusionsRestless legs syndrome and migraine were associated in our rural adult population. This association could be explained by a possible shared pathogenic pathway which would implicate new management strategies of these two disorders.
A combination treatment strategy using pyrantel pamoate and oxibendazole demonstrates additive effects for controlling equine cyathostomins
Authors: Kaplan R. M. , West E. M. , Norat‐Collazo L. M. , Vargas J. 
Published: May 2014

SummaryAnthelmintics of the avermectin/milbemycin class continue to demonstrate the highest efficacy against cyathostomin nematodes; however, over‐reliance on these drugs is increasing the likelihood that recent emerging resistance to these drugs will worsen. Use of benzimidazole and pyrantel compounds given concurrently may provide sufficiently high efficacy to serve as a viable treatment alternative to the avermectin/milbemycin drugs, thus reducing the selective pressures for resistance development. The study was conducted to determine if oxibendazole (OBZ) and pyrantel pamoate (PYR) would have greater efficacy when used in combination vs. what either drug could achieve individually, and to determine if the combination protocol would consistently achieve faecal egg count reduction (FECR) rates >90%, the general threshold for acceptable efficacy. Horses of various ages and breeds on 11 horse farms were assigned randomly to treatment withOBZ(n = 34),PYR(n = 35), or a combination of both (n = 61). A faecal egg count was performed for each horse prior to treatment and 9–14 days post treatment. MeanFECRpercentages were calculated for each treatment group on individual farms, and for each treatment group across all farms. Combination treatment achieved >90% meanFECRon all 11 farms, and >95% on 9 of the 11 farms. Overall arithmetic meanFECRrates were 90.03%, 81.10% and 96.35% for horses treated respectively withOBZ,PYR, and the 2 drugs in combination. Combination treatment withOBZandPYRdemonstrated an additive effect whereby horses given both anthelmintics concurrently had meanFECRpercentages that were significantly greater than in horses given either drug alone. Combination treatment withOBZandPYRcan be an efficacious and viable treatment choice for controlling cyathostomins, thereby reducing the over‐reliance on avermectin/milbemycin drugs.
Prevalence of Migraine in Patients With Restless Legs Syndrome: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Fernández‐Matarrubia Marta , Cuadrado María L. , Sánchez‐Barros Cristian M. , Martínez‐Orozco Francisco J. , Fernández‐Pérez Cristina , Villalibre Isabel , Ramírez‐Nicolás Belén , Porta‐Etessam Jesús 
Published: May 2014

ObjectivesTo assess and compare the prevalence of migraine in patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS) and matched controls.BackgroundRecent studies have suggested an association between migraine and RLS. Our work is the first case–control study on this subject performed in an RLS population.MethodsA case–control study was conducted in 47 RLS patients (27 women and 20 men aged between 18 and 65 years) and 47 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. Validated questionnaires were used to investigate the presence of migraine, anxiety, and depression (Zung Self‐Rating Anxiety and Depression scales), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and RLS severity (International RLS scale).ResultsRLS patients had higher lifetime prevalence of migraine than non‐RLS controls (53.2% vs 25.5%, P = .005; matched‐OR 1.3 [P = .019]; adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.8 [P = .03]). No significant associations were found between RLS and active migraine with aura or inactive migraine (no episodes in the previous year). However, active migraine without aura was significantly more prevalent in patients with RLS than in controls (40.4% vs 12.8%, P = .001; matched OR 1.5 [P = .001]; adjusted OR 2.7 [P = .04]). Within the RLS group, patients with migraine had poorer sleep quality than those without migraine (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index >5:100 vs 80.9%, P = .038) but did not differ in terms of RLS severity, anxiety and depression, use of dopaminergic agonists, and body mass index.ConclusionThere appears to be a relationship between RLS and migraine, in particular for active migraine without aura.
Positive affect facilitates social problem solving
Authors: Nelson Donna Webster , Sim Erin K. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe conducted two experiments to test the impact of positive affect on social problem solving. In Experiment 1, participants induced to experience a positive (vs. neutral) affective state generated a greater number of relevant steps to solve fictitious interpersonal problems as well as more effective solutions to the problems. In Experiment 2, participants induced to experience a positive (vs. negative) affective state generated more functional solutions to their own social problems. The positive mood effects observed in Experiment 2 were moderated by dispositional optimism. Our findings have practical implications, as the extent to which individuals are able to generate effective solutions to social problems has far‐reaching consequences with respect to personal adjustment and social functioning.
Buyer beware of your shadow: how price moderates the effect of incidental similarity on buyer behavior
Authors: Kachersky Luke , Sen Sankar , Kim Hyeong Min , Carnevale Marina 
Published: May 2014

AbstractUsing both a lab experiment and actual transaction data, we investigated whether and how incidental similarities (e.g., shared letters between buyer and seller's name) might influence buyer behavior. Particularly, while prior work suggests that consumers generally prefer incidental similarity, we use the context of Internet auctions to show that this preference reverses when prices are high. Under these conditions, buyers avoid incidentally similar sellers. We speculate that this effect is tied to individuals' motive to self‐protect. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Challenging assignments and activating mood: the influence of goal orientation
Authors: Preenen Paul T. Y. , Van Vianen Annelies E. M. , De Pater Irene E. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe examined the impact of induced goal orientation on individuals' positive‐ and negative‐activating mood when taking part in high‐ or low‐challenging assignments. Results indicated that performing a low‐challenging assignment leads to a higher positive‐activating mood with a performance‐approach orientation than with a mastery approach, or no goal orientation. In contrast, conducting a high‐challenging assignment leads to a higher positive‐activating mood with a mastery approach than with a performance approach, or no goal orientation. These findings suggest that high‐challenging assignments are best instructed with a focus on learning whereas low‐challenging assignments are best instructed with a focus on superior performance.
The impact of perspective in visualizing health‐related behaviors: first‐person perspective increases motivation to adopt health‐related behaviors
Authors: Rennie Laura J. , Harris Peter R. , Webb Thomas L. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractTwo experiments investigated the effects of perspective and visualization on motivation to engage in health‐related behaviors. Participants visualized themselves donating blood (Experiment 1) or quitting smoking (Experiment 2) from either the first‐person (own) or third‐person (observer's) perspective. Subsequently, motivation to engage in the visualized behavior was assessed. Contrary to previous findings showing the benefits of taking a third‐person perspective on behaviors not related to health, visualizing using the first‐person perspective had greater effects on motivation than visualizing using the third‐person perspective. Indeed, visualizing using the third‐person perspective was no more effective than not visualizing anything (Experiment 2). The theoretical implications and potential applications of these findings are discussed.
Mild‐to‐moderate intensity exercise improves cardiac autonomic drive in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Goit Rajesh Kumar , Paudel Bishnu Hari , Khadka Rita , Roy Roshan Kumar , Shrewastwa Mukesh Kumar 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAims/IntroductionThe aim of the present study was to determine the effect of moderate aerobic exercise on cardiac autonomic function in type 2 diabetic patients.Materials and MethodsHeart rate variability of 20 patients with type 2 diabetes was assessed. Resting electrocardiogram for the heart rate variability analysis at spontaneous respiration was recorded for 5 min in the supine position before and after 6 months of supervised aerobic training given three times per week.ResultsIn time domain measures, the square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent R‐R intervals (RMSSD; 29.7 [26–34.5] vs 46.4 [29.8–52.2] ms, P = 0.023) and the percentage of consecutive RR intervals that differ by more than 50 ms (pNN50; 10.7 [5.5–12.7] vs 26.1 [6.6–37.2]%, P = 0.025] were significantly increased after exercise. In frequency domain measures, low frequency (62.4 [59.1–79.2] vs 37 [31.3–43.3] nu, P = 0.003) and low frequency/high frequency (1.67 [1.44–3.8] vs 0.58 [0.46–0.59]%, P = 0.009) were significantly decreased, whereas high frequency (95 [67–149] vs 229 [98–427] ms2, P = 0.006) and high frequency (37.6 [20.8–40.9] vs 63 [56.7–68.7] normalized units, P = 0.003) were significantly increased after exercise. In a Poincaré plot, standard deviation perpendicular to the line of the Poincaré plot (SD1; 21.3 [18.5–24.8]–33.1 [21.5–37.2] ms, P = 0.027) was significantly increased after exercise.ConclusionsThese data suggest that three times per week moderate intensity aerobic exercise for 6 months improves cardiac rhythm regulation as measured by heart rate variability in type 2 diabetic patients.
A cDNA library from the antenna of Monochamus alternatus Hope and binding properties of odorant‐binding proteins
Authors: Gao X. , Wang M.‐Q. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractChemoreception is a key feature in selection of host plants by insects. We performed a preliminary functional characterization of olfactory proteins isolated from an antennal cDNA library of Monochamus alternatus. We identified four olfactory genes, including two encoding putative classic odorant‐binding proteins (OBPs) and two encoding minus‐C OBPs. We expressed two of the four OBPs, MaltOBP3 and MaltOBP5, in a bacterial system and assessed their ligand specificity by measuring the competitive binding of fluorescent probe, N‐phenyl‐1‐naph‐thylamine, in the presence of 17 volatile beetle‐ or host‐plant‐related ligands. The results indicated that although MaltOBP3 and MaltOBP5 bound a distinctly different group of competitors, both had relatively high binding affinities (Ki < 20 μm) for certain compounds. The differences in their binding affinities towards host‐plant ligands suggest the roles of MaltOBP3 and MaltOBP5 in host‐plant selection.
Identification, summary and comparison of tools used to measure organizational attributes associated with chronic disease management within primary care settings
Authors: Lukewich Julia , Corbin Renée , VanDenKerkhof Elizabeth G. , Edge Dana S. , Williamson Tyler , Tranmer Joan E. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesGiven the increasing emphasis being placed on managing patients with chronic diseases within primary care, there is a need to better understand which primary care organizational attributes affect the quality of care that patients with chronic diseases receive. This study aimed to identify, summarize and compare data collection tools that describe and measure organizational attributes used within the primary care setting worldwide.MethodsSystematic search and review methodology consisting of a comprehensive and exhaustive search that is based on a broad question to identify the best available evidence was employed.ResultsA total of 30 organizational attribute data collection tools that have been used within the primary care setting were identified. The tools varied with respect to overall focus and level of organizational detail captured, theoretical foundations, administration and completion methods, types of questions asked, and the extent to which psychometric property testing had been performed. The tools utilized within the Quality and Costs of Primary Care in Europe study and the Canadian Primary Health Care Practice‐Based Surveys were the most recently developed tools. Furthermore, of the 30 tools reviewed, the Canadian Primary Health Care Practice‐Based Surveys collected the most information on organizational attributes.ConclusionsThere is a need to collect primary care organizational attribute information at a national level to better understand factors affecting the quality of chronic disease prevention and management across a given country. The data collection tools identified in this review can be used to establish data collection strategies to collect this important information.
Can complex health interventions be evaluated using routine clinical and administrative data? – a realist evaluation approach
Authors: Riippa Iiris , Kahilakoski Olli‐Pekka , Linna Miika , Hietala Minni 
Published: May 2014

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesInterventions aimed at improving chronic care typically consist of multiple interconnected parts, all of which are essential to the effect of the intervention. Limited attention has been paid to the use of routine clinical and administrative data in the evolution of these complex interventions. The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility of routinely collected data when evaluating complex interventions and to demonstrate how a theory‐based, realist approach to evaluation may increase the feasibility of routine data.MethodsWe present a case study of evaluating a complex intervention, namely, the chronic care model (CCM), in Finnish primary health care. Issues typically faced when evaluating the effects of a complex intervention on health outcomes and resource use are identified by using routine data in a natural setting, and we apply context‐mechanism‐outcome (CMO) approach from the realist evaluation paradigm to improve the feasibility of using routine data in evaluating complex interventions.ResultsFrom an experimentalist approach that dominates the medical literature, routine data collected from a single centre offered a poor starting point for evaluating complex interventions. However, the CMO approach offered tools for identifying indicators needed to evaluate complex interventions.ConclusionsApplying the CMO approach can aid in a typical evaluation setting encountered by primary care managers: one in which the intervention is complex, the primary data source is routinely collected clinical and administrative data from a single centre, and in which randomization of patients into two research arms is too resource consuming to arrange.
Occurrence and Characterization of Enterotoxigenic Potential of Staphylococcus Isolated from Dairy Products
Authors: Martins Isabela Mateus , Kabuki Dirce Yorika , Miya Norma Teruko Nago , Pereira José Luiz 
Published: May 2014

AbstractStaphylococcus deserves our close attention because of its ability to produce a large amount of enterotoxins, which, if ingested, cause staphylococcal food poisoning. Cross‐contamination after milk pasteurization, caused especially by improper handling, is considered the most recurrent source of contamination of dairy products. Therefore, this research aimed to quantify and analyze the presence of coagulase‐positive and coagulase‐negative staphylococci from 104 dairy products samples to identify phenotypically the species and to evaluate the in vitro production of classical enterotoxins (SEA, SEB, SEC, SED and SEE) and the presence of possible coding genes of these enterotoxins. The average staphylococcal count values in different food groups ranged from 3.7 to 6.15 log colony‐forming units (cfu)/g. Among the staphylococcal strains, 74.3% (110/148) were coagulase‐negative Staphylococcus and 25.7% (38/148) were coagulase‐positive Staphylococcus, and 13 species were identified. From the 111 selected isolates, one (0.9%) strain produced enterotoxin, which was identified as S. aureus, coagulase positive, isolated from “Minas” half‐cured cheese, whose count was 6.28 log cfu/g. Contrary to expectations, no coding genes were present in the isolate analyzed. For this research, the analyzed samples showed high staphylococcal concentrations that do not exclude a possible risk of producing the already described enterotoxins. They also demonstrated poor hygiene during the production and commercialization of dairy products.Practical ApplicationsStaphylococcus aureus is one of the most common agents in bacterial food poisoning outbreaks. As milk is a major nutrient for infants, children, convalescents and old people, the presence of classical enterotoxins in milk and dairy products is a matter of concern. The information present in this research is important to alert about the inadequate quality of Brazilian milk products, and efforts from the government and the entire productive chain are required to attain consumer safety.
Three‐dimensional shape variation of talar surface morphology in hominoid primates
Authors: Parr W. C. H. , Soligo C. , Smaers J. , Chatterjee H. J. , Ruto A. , Cornish L. , Wroe S. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe hominoid foot is of particular interest to biological anthropologists, as changes in its anatomy through time reflect the adoption of terrestrial locomotion, particularly in species ofAustralopithecusandHomo. Understanding the osteological morphology associated with changes in whole foot function and the development of the plantar medial longitudinal foot arch are key to understanding the transition through habitual bipedalism in australopithecines to obligate bipedalism and long‐distance running inHomo. The talus is ideal for studying relationships between morphology and function in this context, as it is a major contributor to the adduction–abduction, plantar–dorsal flexion and inversion–eversion of the foot, and transmits all forces encountered from the foot to the leg. The talar surface is predominantly covered by articular facets, which have different quantifiable morphological characters, including surface area, surface curvature and orientation. The talus also presents challenges to the investigator, as its globular shape is very difficult to quantify accurately and reproducibly. Here we apply a three‐dimensional approach using type 3 landmarks (slid semilandmarks) that are geometrically homologous to determine overall talar shape variations in a range of living and fossil hominoid taxa. Additionally, we use novel approaches to quantify the relative orientations and curvatures of talar articular facets by determining the principal vectors of facet orientation and fitting spheres to articular facets. The resulting metrics are analysed using phylogenetic regressions and principal components analyses. Our results suggest that articular surface curvatures reflect locomotor specialisations with, in particular, orang‐utans having more highly curved facets in all but the calcaneal facet. Similarly, our approach to quantifying articular facet orientation appears to be effective in discriminating between extant hominoid species, and may therefore provide a sound basis for the study of fossil taxa and evolution of bipedalism inAustralopithecusandHomo.
Evolution of the auditory ossicles in extant hominids: metric variation in African apes and humans
Authors: Quam Rolf M. , Coleman Mark N. , Martínez Ignacio 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe auditory ossicles in primates have proven to be a reliable source of phylogenetic information. Nevertheless, to date, very little data have been published on the metric dimensions of the ear ossicles in African apes and humans. The present study relies on the largest samples of African ape ear ossicles studied to date to address questions of taxonomic differences and the evolutionary transformation of the ossicles in gorillas, chimpanzees and humans. Both African ape taxa show a malleus that is characterized by a long and slender manubrium and relatively short corpus, whereas humans show the opposite constellation of a short and thick manubrium and relatively long corpus. These changes in the manubrium are plausibly linked with changes in the size of the tympanic membrane. The main difference between the incus in African apes and humans seems to be related to changes in the functional length. Compared with chimpanzees, human incudes are larger in nearly all dimensions, except articular facet height, and show a more open angle between the axes. The gorilla incus resembles humans more closely in its metric dimensions, including functional length, perhaps as a result of the dramatically larger body size compared with chimpanzees. The differences between the stapedes of humans and African apes are primarily size‐related, with humans being larger in nearly all dimensions. Nevertheless, some distinctions between the African apes were found in the obturator foramen and head height. Although correlations between metric variables in different ossicles were generally lower than those between variables in the same bone, variables of the malleus/incus complex appear to be more strongly correlated than those of the incus/stapes complex, perhaps reflecting the different embryological and evolutionary origins of the ossicles. The middle ear lever ratio for the African apes is similar to other haplorhines, but humans show the lowest lever ratio within primates. Very low levels of sexual dimorphism were found in the ossicles within each taxon, but some relationship with body size and several dimensions of the ear bones was found. Several of the metric distinctions in the incus and stapes imply a slightly different articulation of the ossicular chain within the tympanic cavity in African apes compared with humans. The limited auditory implications of these metric differences in the ossicles are also discussed. Finally, the results of this study suggest that several plesiomorphic features for apes may be retained in the ear bones of the early hominin taxa Australopithecus and Paranthropus as well as in the Neandertals.