bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Reusable Palladium(II)/Cationic 2,2′‐Bipyridyl Catalytic System for Hydroxycarbonylation of Aryl Iodides in Water
Authors: Tsai Sheng‐Wen , Huang Shao‐Hsien , Lee Han‐Sheng , Tsai Fu‐Yu 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA water‐soluble palladium(II)/cationic 2,2′‐bipyridyl system was utilized to catalyze hydroxycarbonylation of aryl iodides in the presence of a pressurized CO atmosphere under a basic aqueous solution at 100 °C. The residual aqueous solution could be reused in several times with only a slight decrease in catalytic activity. Thus, it reduced wastage of the precious metal in the reaction. A variety of aromatic carboxylic acids could still be obtained in high yields with the catalytic amount to 0.01 mol%.
Evaluation of the QMS® Teicoplanin Immunoassay (ThermoFisher Scientific) on Cobas® 8000 System (Roche Diagnostics) and Comparison to Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for the Determination of Teicoplanin Concentrations in Human Plasma
Authors: Dailly Eric , Fraissinet François , Deslandes Guillaume , Bouquié Régis , Jolliet Pascale 
Published: February 2013

BackgroundThe performances of the QMS® Teicoplanin immunoassay recently developed on Cobas® 6000/8000 systems were evaluated and compared to a fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) [Teicoplanin Innofluor® Assay (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Indianapolis, IN)] on FLX analyzer (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL)].MethodsThe validation was performed according to the Cofrac (French Accreditation Committee) document SH GTA 04. For the comparison, 48 plasma samples were analyzed by FPIA and QMS assays.ResultsThe QMS assay is accurate (intra assay and inter assay inaccuracy ≤ 2.4%) and precise (intra assay and inter assay imprecision ≤ 10.2%). A linear relationship [QMS = 1.0319 × FPIA – 2.8518, r2 = 0.9246 (P < 0.001)] between FPIA and QMS was found. In the Bland—Altman plots, no systematic bias was found even if QMS results trends to be lower (mean of the ratio QMS concentration/FPIA concentration = 0.91).ConclusionThese results between QMS and FPIA are consistent, which indicates that QMS® Teicoplanin immunoassay on Cobas® 8000 System is an alternative to FPIA. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 27:96–98, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intratympanic steroid therapy in moderate sudden hearing loss: A randomized, triple‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Filipo Roberto , Attanasio Giuseppe , Russo Francesca Y. , Viccaro Marika , Mancini Patrizia , Covelli Edoardo 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To investigate the efficacy of an intratympanic steroid as a first‐line therapy in patients affected by moderate idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL).Study Design:Prospective, randomized, triple‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial.Methods:Fifty patients presenting with moderate idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss involving all frequencies from 250 Hz to 8,000 Hz (a flat audiogram) were enrolled. Patients were randomized into two groups of 25 each. The first group (intratympanic steroid) underwent a daily intratympanic administration of prednisolone for 3 consecutive days. Subjects in the second group (control) received a daily intratympanic injection of a saline solution for 3 consecutive days. Audiometric tests were performed at day 7 after the beginning of therapy (T1), and then 10 and 30 days after T1. The patients in both groups who did not show a complete recovery at T1 were treated with oral prednisone at a tapering dose.Results:In the intratympanic steroid group, 19 out of 25 patients presented at T1 complete recovery (76%), whereas in the control group the number patients who recovered completely at T1 was five out of 25 (20%). The mean pure‐tone average (PTA) recorded at T1 shows a statistically significant improvement in the hearing threshold of the first group compared to the control group (P < .01).Conclusions:The mean PTA recorded after the first‐line approach (T1) demonstrated a significant therapeutic action of the short‐duration intratympanic steroid therapy on moderate ISSNHL, with a flat audiogram shape, compared to the natural course of the disease and the placebo effect at that time point. Laryngoscope, 2013
Chronic rhinosinusitis increased the risk of stroke: A 5‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Kang Jiunn‐Horng , Wu Chuan‐Song , Keller Joseph J. , Lin Herng‐Ching 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:It has been recognized that chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) involves intracranial vessels and may be associated with stroke occurrence. However, the detailed epidemiological profile of stroke risk among patients with CRS is still not well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the frequency and risk for stroke among patients with CRS by conducting a large scale population‐based cohort study in Taiwan.Methods:All study cohorts were retrieved from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database. This study included 15,846 CRS subjects in the study cohort and 47,538 randomly selected subjects in the comparison cohort. We individually tracked each subject in this study for a 5 year period following their index dates to identify each subject that received a subsequent diagnosis of stroke. Stratified Cox proportional hazards regressions were analyzed to compare the 5 year risk of subsequent stroke following a diagnosis of CRS.Results:The incidence rate of stroke during the 5‐year follow‐up period was 10.65 (95% CI: 9.93–11.41) per 100 person years and 7.53 (95% CI: 7.18–7.89) per 100 person years for the study and comparison cohort, respectively. The covariate‐adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for stroke revealed that that subjects with CRS were more likely than comparison subjects to have a diagnosis of ischemic stroke during the 5‐year follow‐up period (HR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.18–1.53). However, there was no significant difference in the risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage (HR = 1.52, 95% CI = 0.94–2.47) or intracerebral hemorrhage (HR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.71–1.31).Conclusions:Patients with CRS were at higher risk for stroke occurrence during the 5 year follow‐up.
Nano‐hydroxyapatite Surfaces Grafted with Electroactive Aniline Tetramers for Bone‐Tissue Engineering
Authors: Liu Yadong , Cui Haitao , Zhuang Xiuli , Zhang Peibiao , Cui Yi , Wang Xianhong , Wei Yen , Chen Xuesi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAn electroactive amino/carboxyl‐capped aniline tetramer (AT) is covalently grafted to the surface of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles to generate novel electroactive HA‐AT nanoparticles. The amount of AT ranges from 16.5 to 34.0 wt% and is characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The HA‐AT nanoparticles are characterized by Fourier transform IR (FTIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X‐ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For the excellent electroactivity of HA‐AT, the mixture of HA‐AT and PLA shows much better adhesion ability and proliferation ability than that of HA and a PLA matrix. At a 15 wt% AT grafting amount, the matrix shows the best biocompatibility. magnified image
Cellular toxicity induced by the 26‐kDa fragment and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis‐associated mutant forms of TAR DNA‐binding protein 43 in human embryonic stem cell‐derived motor neurons
Authors: Nishimoto Yoshinori , Okano Hirotaka J , Imai Takao , Poole Aleksandra J , Suzuki Norihiro , Keirstead Hans S , Okano Hideyuki 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAimsAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) results in the selective loss of motor neurons within several years of disease onset; however, the molecular mechanisms behind ALS pathogenesis remain largely unknown. Among the genes responsible for familial ALS, mutations in TAR DNA‐binding protein 43 (TDP‐43) have been identified. The present study evaluated the cytotoxicity of TDP‐43 fragments and ALS‐associated mutants against human embryonic stem cell‐derived motor neurons.MethodsMagnetofection was used to investigate the mortality rates of motor neurons after forced expression of TDP‐43 C‐terminal fragments and ALS‐associated TDP‐43 missense mutants.ResultsNeither wild‐type TDP‐43 nor the 35‐kDa fragment induced cell death. However, the 26‐kDa fragment, which forms insoluble aggregates in the motor neurons of ALS patients, showed significant cytotoxicity, similar to mutant forms of TDP‐43, including p.A315T and p.A382T. Hence, a motor neuron‐specific neurotoxic function might be attributed to both the 26‐kDa fragment and the TDP‐43 mutants. Thus, 26kDa C‐terminal fragment was considered to play an important role in ALS pathology, but alterations in adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 2 (ADAR2) expression, an enzyme accountable for GluA2 (AMPA receptor subunit 2) mRNA editing insufficiency in sporadic ALS, did not lead to alterations in the expression of the 26‐kDa fragment.ConclusionsThis is the first report showing the influence of specific ALS‐associated factors on the mortality of motor neurons through the manipulation of gene expression. The motor neuron disease model described herein might prove useful for the identification of novel pathogenic factors and neuroprotective agents for the treatment of ALS.
Intracranial immunoglobulin G4‐related disease successfully treated by steroid and oral cyclophosphamide: A case report
Authors: Nishijima Haruo , Arai Akira , Kon Tomoya , Funamizu Yukihisa , Ueno Tatsuya , Haga Rie , Miki Yasuo , Kimura Tamaki , Suzuki Chieko , Tomiyama Masahiko , Kusumi Tomomi , Minato Hiroshi , Baba Masayuki 
Published: February 2013

AbstractImmunoglobulin G (IgG) 4‐related disease is a novel autoimmune disease that was discovered and established in the 21st century. We treated a patient, a 66‐year‐old Japanese woman, with exudative otitis media, pachymeningitis and orbital pseudotumor who showed poor responsiveness to glucocorticoid therapy, and was successfully treated by oral cyclophosphamide. We diagnosed her illness as intracranial IgG4‐related disease by immunohistochemical examination. Mastoidectomy was carried out 8 months after the first onset of exudative otitis media when the general concept of IgG4‐related disease was not established, and we re‐examined the specimen from her middle ear 5 years after the operation. This is the first report of a patient with histologically confirmed intracranial IgG4‐related disease who was successfully treated by cyclophosphamide. Oral cyclophosphamide can be effective to treat intracranial IgG4‐related disease that is resistant to steroid therapy.
Successful use of anti‐epileptic drugs in three cases of epilepsy with higher brain dysfunction
Authors: Sugimoto Azusa , Futamura Akinori , Ishigaki Seiichiro , Hieda Sotaro , Miller Michael W , Kawamura Mitsuru 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAimTo clarify the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy with higher brain dysfunction (E‐HBD).MethodsUsing neuropsychological testing we identified three cases.ResultsAll three cases showed persistent aphasia, amnesia or attention deficits – possibly connected with epilepsy – and were treated with anti‐epileptic drugs (AED). Although the AED proved effective, there were no findings of non‐convulsive status epileptics.ConclusionThe etiology of E‐HBD is unclear, but treatment with AED alleviated the higher brain function deficits in our three patients.
Translational research on disease‐modifying therapies for neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Katsuno Masahisa , Watanabe Hirohisa , Tanaka Fumiaki , Sobue Gen 
Published: February 2013

AbstractNeurodegenerative diseases are a group of disorders that affect a certain population of neurons, and are characterized by progressive impairment of cognitive and/or motor function. Although most current therapies aim at symptomatic relief, recent studies using cellular and animal models have given insight into the molecular pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and the development of disease‐modifying therapies that slow neurodegeneration. However, few clinical trials have confirmed the efficacy of disease‐modifying therapy for neurological deficits. For successful translational research on neurodegenerative disorders, several challenges in basic and clinical studies should be overcome. Elucidation of the molecular basis for neurodegeneration and creation of animal models that faithfully replicate human pathology are fundamental to basic studies, while the efficiency of clinical trials needs to be improved by establishing sensitive outcome measures, enrichment of trial designs by identifying the target individuals who are expected to show a high response, and innovative study designs. Initiation of therapy at the presymptomatic stage is another key to the successful development of disease‐modifying therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. Although accumulation of abnormal proteins is thought to be the pivotal molecular trigger of neurodegeneration, it has also been revealed that disease progression is influenced by various factors, including the neuron–glia interaction and the propagation of causative proteins. The entire mechanism of neurodegeneration appears to be more complicated than hitherto expected, and thus therapies that target multiple molecular pathways also need to be developed.
Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with novel A4D SOD1 mutation with late age at onset and rapid progressive course
Authors: Naruse Hiroya , Iwata Atsushi , Takahashi Yuji , Ichihara Kazuaki , Kamei Satoshi , Yamatoku Masato , Hirayama Toshikazu , Suzuki Naoki , Aoki Masashi , Miyagawa Toji , Shimizu Jun , Tsuji Shoji , Goto Jun 
Published: February 2013

AbstractOur objective was to obtain clinical presentations of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS) with a novel Ala4Asp (A4D) SOD1 mutation in a Japanese family and to determine the epidemiological features of the SOD1 mutation on the basis of the ALS mutation database. The clinical histories and neurological findings of three affected individuals in a Japanese FALS pedigree are described. DNA analysis of SOD1 was conducted by a direct nucleotide sequence analysis. We identified a novel heterozygous A4D mutation in exon 1 in SOD1. The clinical presentations of the family were characterized by late age at onset and rapid progression. Comprehensive analysis of genotype‐phenotype correlations using the ALS mutation database revealed that all the patients with SOD1 amino acid 4 mutations tended to have a rapid progressive course of the disease with a duration of 1.27 years. The age at onset varied among SOD1 amino acid 4 mutations, but all three patients with A4D mutation had a very late age at onset of over 70 years. In conclusion, FALS patients with a novel A4D mutation in SOD1 showed a late age at onset with a rapid disease course. This study supports the previous observations that SOD1 amino acid 4 mutations contribute to the acceleration of disease progression and emphasizes the usefulness of the ALS mutation database.
Relaxed error control in shape optimization that utilizes remeshing
Authors: Wilke Daniel N. , Kok Schalk , Groenwold Albert A. 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYShape optimization strategies based on error indicators usually require strict error control for every computed design during the optimization run. The strict error control serves two purposes. Firstly, it allows for the accurate computation of the structural response used to define the shape optimization problem itself. Secondly, it reduces the discretization error, which in turn reduces the size of the step discontinuities in the objective function that result from remeshing in the first place. These discontinuities may trap conventional optimization algorithms, which rely on both function and gradient evaluations, in local minima. This has the drawback that multiple analyses and error computations are often required per design to control the error.In this study we propose a methodology that relaxes the requirements for strict error control for each design. Instead, we rather control the error as the iterations progress. Our approach only requires a single analysis and error computation per design. Consequently, large discontinuities may initially be accommodated; their intensities reduce as the iterations progress. To circumvent the difficulties associated with local minima due to remeshing, we rely on gradient‐only optimization algorithms, which have previously been shown to be able to robustly overcome these discontinuities. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improvements for the ultra weak variational formulation
Authors: Luostari T. , Huttunen T. , Monk P. 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, we investigate strategies to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the ultra weak variational formulation (UWVF) of the Helmholtz equation. The UWVF is a Trefftz type, nonpolynomial method using basis functions derived from solutions of the adjoint Helmholtz equation. We shall consider three choices of basis function: propagating plane waves (original choice), Bessel basis functions, and evanescent wave basis functions. Traditionally, two‐dimensional triangular elements are used to discretize the computational domain. However, the element shapes affect the conditioning of the UWVF. Hence, we investigate the use of different element shapes aiming to lower the condition number and number of degrees of freedom. Our results include the first tests of a plane wave method on meshes of mixed element types. In many modeling problems, evanescent waves occur naturally and are challenging to model. Therefore, we introduce evanescent wave basis functions for the first time in the UWVF to tackle rapidly decaying wave modes. The advantages of an evanescent wave basis are verified by numerical simulations on domains including curved interfaces.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐gain output feedback for a miniature UAV
Authors: Marconi Lorenzo , Naldi Roberto , Isidori Alberto 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYWe consider the problem of output feedback robust stabilization of a ducted‐fan aerial vehicle in which high‐gain observers are used to overtake the knowledge of the linear and angular velocities of the vehicle in the control law. The proposed result is semiglobal in the attitude dynamics and in the estimation error, and global in the position variables. It is shown how the high‐gain control structure is effective notwithstanding the nonminimum‐phase behavior of the considered class of systems, provided that the airframe fulfills some geometric properties. The controller relies upon the use of nested saturations and high‐gain control laws. Although the theory is specified for a force‐torque generation mechanism of a ducted‐fan aerial vehicle, the results can be simply extended to the output feedback of many other under‐actuated rotorcrafts, such as helicopters. Experimental results are also proposed showing the effectiveness of the control law. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Brandschutzbeschichtungen auf Stahl – Haltbarkeit und Weiterentwicklungen
Authors: Brux Gunther 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAnfang der 1960er Jahre wurden erstmals Brandschutzbeschichtungen auf Stahl zusammen mit Korrosionsschutzgrundierung und Decklack ausgeführt. Im Gegensatz zu den damals üblichen Spritzputzen und Brandschutzplatten, die einige Zentimeter dick und rau waren, blieb so die eigentliche Form der Stahlprofile weiter sichtbar. Mit den neuen Beschichtungen konnte man ohne Beeinträchtigung der Architektur des Bauwerkes Stahl feuerhemmend (F30) schützen. Nach neuesten Entwicklungen kann man heute Stahlkonstruktionen mit einer Farbe schützen, die neben einer hohen optischen Qualität einen Feuerwiderstand bis 90 Minuten erreicht.
Verallgemeinerte Berücksichtigung der Dauerfestigkeit im Ermüdungsfestigkeitsnachweis mittels Lebensdauerlinien
Authors: Al Shamaa Dima , Geißler Karsten 
Published: February 2013

AbstractDie Wöhlerlinie in ihrer originalen Form gilt zunächst für Einstufenkollektive. Für die Ermüdungsfestigkeitsnachweise bei baupraktisch meist vorhandenen Mehrstufenkollektiven existieren mehrere Näherungen mit unterschiedlicher Berücksichtigung der Dauerfestigkeitsgrenze bei der Schadensakkumulationshypothese, als Bezugs‐Wöhlerlinien bezeichnet, beispielsweise die zweifach abgeknickte Linie nach Eurocode 3. Die Einführung des im Maschinenbau bekannten Konzeptes der so genannten Lebensdauerlinien erlaubt die verallgemeinerte Berücksichtigung verschiedener – auch nichtlinearer – Ansätze der Dauerfestigkeitsgrenze für die Lebensdauerberechnung.Diese Berücksichtigung einer nichtlinearen Dauerfestigkeitsgrenze für mehrstufige Beanspruchungen ist bis jetzt in den Bemessungsvorschriften für Neubauten als auch den Richtlinien zur Nachrechnung von ermüdungsbeanspruchten Bauwerken nicht eingeführt, hat aber eine immense wirtschaftliche Bedeutung. Eine Erhöhung der rechnerischen Lebensdauer um den Faktor 10 ist durchaus nicht selten.Im Beitrag werden die Berechnung und Auswertung dieser Lebensdauerlinien vorgestellt, die von der Kollektivform, dem Kollektivumfang sowie dem Ansatz für die Dauerfestigkeitsgrenze abhängen. Die Berechnungen mit Hilfe der Lebensdauerlinien werden beispielhaft an Offshore‐Windenergieanlagen und einer bestehenden Straßenbrücke dargestellt.Generalized consideration of endurance limit for fatigue stress analysis by means of fatigue life curves. The S‐N curve in the original form applies for constant amplitude loading. For fatigue assessment by damage accumulation theory under the most likely variable amplitude loading, several approaches exist to account for the endurance limit. The design S‐N curve with two knee points used in Eurocode 3 is one of these approaches. By means of implementing the fatigue life curves, a well‐known concept in mechanical engineering, a generalized consideration of different, even nonlinear approaches of endurance limit is possible for fatigue life assessment.Considering a nonlinear endurance limit for variable amplitude loadings is to date not included in the codes and guidelines for design and assessment of new and existing structures, respectively. It has a considerable economical significance, though: An increase of the calculated fatigue life by 10 times is by no means improbable.In this article, the calculation and evaluation of fatigue life curves are represented. These are dependent on the shape of the stress range spectrum, the total number of stress cycles as well as the approach for considering the endurance limit. Calculations via fatigue life curves are demonstrated using examples of offshore wind turbines and an existing highway bridge.