bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and mechanism of wheat protein disulfide isomerase-promoted gluten network formation
Authors: Gao Jihui , Ma Jiayin , Yu Peixuan , Yang Dong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Formation of the gluten network depends on glutenin crosslinking via disulfide bonds, and wheat protein disulfide isomerase (wPDI) plays an important role in this process. Here, we identify a substrate gluten protein of wPDI and the mechanism underlying wPDI-promoted glutenin crosslinking. Farinographic, rheologic, and alveographic analysis unambiguously proves that wPDI improves gluten network formation, which is directly observed by 3D reconstruction of the gluten network. Protein analysis and LC–MS/MS reveal that glutenin subunit 1Dx5 is primarily recruited by wPDI to participate in gluten network formation, and its cysteine-containing N-terminal domain (1Dx5-NTD), which harbors three cysteine residues for crosslinking, is purified. 1Dx5-NTD interacts with wPDI in both redox states, possibly folded by reduced wPDI and then catalyzed by oxidized wPDI, as further evidenced by wPDI-promoted self-crosslinking. Consistent with macroscopic observations, our results suggest that wPDI folds 1Dx5-NTD into β-strand structure that favors disulfide bond formation.
Food and Food Security in the US Security Strategy (1987–2022)
Authors: Clementi Marco 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article underlines that food security is a relevant dimension of contemporary international instability and aims to clarify the role it has played in the strategic discourse of the United States, given the country is the main food donor in the world besides being significantly involved in international crises. To this aim, the article carries a qualitative and quantitative content analysis of the nineteen National Security Strategies published between 1987 and 2022. The research compares the way the different US Administrations have theorized food security and their respective elements of continuity and discontinuity. The research results show that food security is a steadily relevant issue in US strategic discourse, although the reasons for this strategic relevance change significantly with the political color of the Administration.
Effects of ECM protein-coated surfaces on the generation of retinal pigment epithelium cells differentiated from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Tian Zeyu , Liu Qian , Lin Hui-Yu , Zhu Yu-Ru , Ling Ling , Sung Tzu-Cheng , Wang Ting , Li Wanqi , Gao Min , Cheng Sitian , Renuka Remya Rajan , Subbiah Suresh Kumar , Fan Guoping , Wu Gwo-Jang , Higuchi Akon 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Retinal degeneration diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP), initially manifest as dysfunction or death of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Subretinal transplantation of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived RPE cells has emerged as a potential therapy for retinal degeneration. However, RPE cells differentiated from hPSCs using current protocols are xeno-containing and are rarely applied in clinical trials. The development of hPSC-derived RPE cell differentiation protocols using xeno-free biomaterials is urgently needed for clinical applications. In this study, two protocols (the activin A and NIC84 protocols) were selected for modification and use in the differentiation of hiPSCs into RPE cells; the chetomin concentration was gradually increased to achieve high differentiation efficiency of RPE cells. The xeno-free extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, laminin-511, laminin-521 and recombinant vitronectin, were selected as plate-coating substrates, and a Matrigel (xeno-containing ECM)-coated surface was used as a positive control. Healthy, mature hPSC-derived RPE cells were transplanted into 21-day-old Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats, a model of retinal degeneration disease. The visual function of RCS rats was evaluated by optomotor response (qOMR) and electroretinography after transplantation of hPSC-derived RPE cells. Our study demonstrated that hPSCs can be efficiently differentiated into RPE cells on LN521-coated dishes using the NIC84 protocol, and that subretinal transplantation of the cell suspensions can delay the progression of vision loss in RCS rats.
Tracking politically motivated reasoning in the brain: the role of mentalizing, value-encoding, and error detection networks
Authors: Lois Giannis , Tsakas Elias , Yuen Kenneth , Riedl Arno 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Susceptibility to misinformation and belief polarization often reflects people’s tendency to incorporate information in a biased way. Despite the presence of competing theoretical models, the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms of motivated reasoning remain elusive as previous empirical work did not properly track the belief formation process. To address this problem, we employed a design that identifies motivated reasoning as directional deviations from a Bayesian benchmark of unbiased belief updating. We asked the members of a proimmigration or an anti-immigration group regarding the extent to which they endorse factual messages on foreign criminality, a polarizing political topic. Both groups exhibited a desirability bias by overendorsing attitude-consistent messages and underendorsing attitude-discrepant messages and an identity bias by overendorsing messages from in-group members and underendorsing messages from out-group members. In both groups, neural responses to the messages predicted subsequent expression of desirability and identity biases, suggesting a common neural basis of motivated reasoning across ideologically opposing groups. Specifically, brain regions implicated in encoding value, error detection, and mentalizing tracked the degree of desirability bias. Less extensive activation in the mentalizing network tracked the degree of identity bias. These findings illustrate the distinct neurocognitive architecture of desirability and identity biases and inform existing cognitive models of politically motivated reasoning.
Allergy, infarction, and stress cardiomyopathy: in-depth analysis of a complex clinical case report
Authors: Cacciapuoti Fulvio , Capone Valentina , Golino Paolo , Pezzullo Enrica , Bossone Eduardo , Cacciapuoti Federico 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Diagnosis of Kounis syndrome, an acute coronary syndrome associated with anaphylactic reactions, is challenging owing to the overlapping symptoms of myocardial ischemia. Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), characterized by stress-induced cardiomyopathy, may share pathophysiological mechanisms with Kounis syndrome and potentially coexist in the same patient.

Case Presentation
We present a case of a 63-year-old patient who developed an allergic reaction to contrast medium administration, leading to dyspnea and chest pain. Electrocardiography revealed a new-onset left bundle-branch block, and echocardiography indicated wall motion abnormalities with apical ballooning, suggestive of TTS. Coronary angiography displayed a chronic total occlusion of the right coronary artery. Laboratory tests revealed elevated inflammatory markers, supporting the diagnosis of Kounis syndrome and TTS.

Conclusion
This case highlights the challenges of diagnosing and managing type II Kounis syndrome associated with concurrent TTS. This underscores the need for tailored therapeutic interventions and comprehensive guidelines to address these complex conditions effectively.
One-loop contributions to
WWZ
from a seesaw variant with radiatively induced light neutrino masses
Authors: Novales-Sánchez Héctor , Salinas Mónica , Vázquez-Castro Humberto 
Published: August 2024

The experimental confirmation of neutrino mass and mixing disagrees with the picture of the Standard Model, and thus provides a good motivation to look for unknown physics. A seesaw variant in which neutrino masses are radiatively generated, with neutrinos characterized by Majorana fields and where a set of three hypothetical neutral heavy leptons are present, has been considered in the present work. We have calculated, estimated, and analyzed the contributions from virtual light and heavy neutrinos to the gauge vertex WWZ, in the context of a future electron-positron collider. We have found that contributions to both CP-even and CP-odd anomalous couplings are generated. Our estimations indicate that contributions as large as 10−3 can be achieved in both cases. This is particularly interesting for the CP-odd effects, which are expected to appear in the framework of the Standard Model since the three-loop order, thus being quite suppressed. By considering the expected sensitivity of the International Linear Collider to this gauge vertex, we conclude that these new-physics effects would be within its reach for e+e− collisions taking place at a center-of-mass energy of 800 GeV.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Pareto Optimization and Tuning of a Laser Wakefield Accelerator
Authors: Irshad F. , Eberle C. , Foerster F. M. , Grafenstein K. v. , Haberstroh F. , Travac E. , Weisse N. , Karsch S. , Döpp A. 
Published: August 2024

Optimization of accelerator performance parameters is limited by numerous trade-offs, and finding the appropriate balance between optimization goals for an unknown system is challenging to achieve. Here, we show that multiobjective Bayesian optimization can map the solution space of a laser wakefield accelerator (LWFA) in a very sample-efficient way. We observe that there exists a wide range of Pareto-optimal solutions that trade beam energy versus charge at similar laser-to-beam efficiency. Moreover, many applications such as light sources require particle beams at certain target energies. We demonstrate accurate energy tuning of the LWFA from 150 to 400 MeV via the simultaneous adjustment of eight parameters. To further advance this use case, we propose an inverse model that allows a user to specify desired beam parameters. Trained on the forward Gaussian process model, the inverse model generates input parameter value ranges within which the desired setting is likely to be reached. The method reveals different strategies for accelerator tuning and is expected to drastically facilitate the operation of LWFAs in the near future.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Nursing interventions for the proposed nursing diagnosis of puerperal fatigue: An integrative review
Authors: Zuchatti Bruna Valentina , Ferreira Raisa Camilo , Ribeiro Elaine , Correia Marisa Dibbern Lopes , Duran Erika Christiane Marocco 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe postpartum period is considered a phase of many physiological and hormonal changes that affect the individual. Fatigue is something present and can influence the postpartum woman in a negative way. In this way, the nurse has an essential role, and the nursing process can be used to establish an efficient care plan.ObjectiveTo present the main nursing interventions and activities of the nursing diagnosis (ND) fatigue (00093) in individuals/people in the immediate postpartum period obtained through an integrative literature review and correlate with the proposed ND puerperal fatigue/excessive burden of fatigue in the postpartum period.MethodsIntegrative literature review, carried out in the databases Cochrane, Scopus and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Web of Science (WoS), Virtual Health Library (VHL), and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), following rigorous methodological standards.ResultsSix articles were included that identified the main nursing interventions related to the proposed ND puerperal fatigue.ConclusionsThe integrative review highlighted the main nursing interventions and activities, and this study will be the basis for the next stages of the validation process for the ND puerperal fatigue/excessive fatigue in the postpartum period.Implications for nursing practiceThis work can help nurses in clinical practice establish an efficient care plan through the most accurate nursing interventions and thus improve the quality of nursing services.
The relationship between serum α‐Klotho with all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality
Authors: Sadr Nargiza , Avila Cynthia J. , Chung Hannah , Siddiqui Simrah , Basith Ayeman , Kassabo Waleed , Qayyum Rehan 
Published: August 2024

AimsThe relationship between α‐Klotho (αK) and mortality is controversial and has not been examined in a large, diverse cohort. We investigated the association between serum αK protein levels with all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality in a cohort representative of the US population.MethodsWe used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2007 to 2016. A nonlinear association between mortality and αK levels as a quadratic variable were examined using Cox proportional hazard models and competing risk models. Multivariable models were adjusted for age, gender, race, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), serum cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate, highest educational status attained and family income to poverty threshold ratio.ResultsOf the 13 749 participants, 1569 (11%) died, 7092 (52%) were female, and 5918 (43%) were Caucasian. The mean (SD) of age was 58 (11) years, BMI 29.7 (6.7) kg/m2, and αK was 0.85 (0.31) ng/mL. In the adjusted Cox proportional hazards model with quadratic αK, we found a U‐shaped relationship between all‐cause mortality and αK levels (continuous αK hazard ratio [HR] = 0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.37, 0.85; P = .007; squared‐αK HR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.41; P < 0.001). A similar U‐shaped relationship was noted between αK and cancer mortality in the adjusted Cox proportional hazards model (continuous αK HR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.19, 1.06; P = 0.07; squared αK HR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.61; P = 0.009). No relationship was present with cardiovascular or other‐cause mortality.ConclusionsIn this large diverse cohort, we report a U‐shaped relationship between αK with all‐cause and cancer mortality. Further research to elucidate the underlying biological mechanism of these relationships is needed.
For Amber waves of grain: Commodity booms and structural transformation in 19th century America
Authors: Chan Jeff 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the effect that the export boom in wheat had on US counties from 1870 to 1900. I find that increased exports in wheat, exogenously driven by declines in British wheat production, led to an unequal effect on wheat production across counties. Specifically, counties that were less well‐suited to wheat production increased their wheat output relative to more productive counties. These low‐yield counties also reduced their urban population share and increased the amount of agricultural activity occurring within their borders. Taken together, my results suggest that the wheat boom in 19th century America led to more wheat production in counties which were less well‐suited for growing it, which slowed these counties' transition from rural to urban.
Obesogenic Medication Use in End‐Stage Kidney Disease and Association With Transplant Listing
Authors: Orandi Babak J. , Li Yiting , Seckin Timur , Bae Sunjae , Lonze Bonnie E. , Ren‐Fielding Christine J. , Lofton Holly , Gujral Akash , Segev Dorry L. , McAdams‐DeMarco Mara 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesObesogenic medications are a putative contributor to the obesity epidemic. While 20% of adults take ≥1 obesogenic medication, the proportion in the end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) population—a group enriched for cardiometabolic complications—is unknown. Obesogenic medications may contribute to obesity and hamper weight loss efforts to achieve transplant listing.MethodsUsing 2017–2020 USRDS and Medicare claims, patients were identified as taking obesogenic medications if prescribed anticonvulsants, antidepressants, antidiabetics, anti‐inflammatories, antipsychotics, and/or antihypertensives known to cause weight gain for ≥30 days in their first hemodialysis year. Ordinal logistic and Cox regression with inverse probability of treatment weighting were used to quantify obesogenic medications’ association with body mass index (BMI) and listing, respectively.ResultsAmong 271 401 hemodialysis initiates, 63.5% took ≥1 obesogenic medication. For those in underweight, normal weight, overweight, and class I, II, and III categories, 54.3%, 58.4%, 63.1%, 66.5%, 68.6%, and 68.8% took ≥1, respectively. Number of obesogenic medications was associated with increased BMI; use of one was associated with 13% increased odds of higher BMI (aOR [adjusted odds ratio] 1.14; 95%CI: 1.13–1.16; p < 0.001), use of three was associated with a 55% increase (aOR 1.55; 95%CI: 1.53–1.57; p < 0.001). Any use was associated with 6% lower odds of transplant listing (aHR [adjusted hazard ratio] 0.94; 95%CI: 0.92–0.96; p < 0.001). Within each BMI category, obesogenic medication use was associated with lower listing likelihood.ConclusionsObesogenic medication use is common in ESKD patients—particularly those with obesity—and is associated with lower listing likelihood. Whenever possible, non‐obesogenic alternatives should be chosen for ESKD patients attempting weight loss to achieve transplant listing.
Efficacy and Safety of Perioperative Angiotensin II Versus Phenylephrine as a First‐Line Continuous Infusion Vasopressor in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Beltran Lyra P. , Benken Jamie , Jou Jonathan , Benedetti Enrico , Nishioka Hokuto , Alamreia Enas , Belcher Rachel M. , Benken Scott T. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionAngiotensin II (ATII) maintains blood pressure via RAAS with a beneficial adverse effect profile versus catecholamines and phenylephrine. Head‐to‐head data comparing ATII to phenylephrine are lacking regarding renal allograft function, hemodynamic efficacy, and safety within the perioperative period of kidney transplantation.MethodsThis single‐center, retrospective study included adult kidney transplant recipients who received continuous infusions of ATII or phenylephrine within a 24‐h perioperative period as a first‐line vasopressor according to an institutional algorithm. The primary endpoint was allograft function. Secondary endpoints were hemodynamic efficacy and adverse effects.ResultsAmong 105 patients, there was no significant difference in IGF (p = 0.545), SGF (p = 0.557), or DGF (p = 0.878) between patient cohorts. In the 34 patients with cold ischemia time (CIT) > 14‐h, IGF was higher (p = 0.013) and DGF (p = 0.045) was lower in the ATII cohort versus phenylephrine. In all patients, ATII was associated with a decreased need for additional vasopressor agents (p < 0.001). Adverse effect profiles were similar between cohorts (p > 0.05).ConclusionAmong kidney transplant recipients, ATII may be a suitable first‐line alternative compared with phenylephrine in the perioperative period for hypotension management with a reduced need for additional vasopressor support. Allograft benefits were observed in patients with prolonged CIT.
Unique Lessons From the Natural Progression of Rejection in Human Uterine Allografts
Authors: Johannesson Liza , Wood‐Trageser Michelle A. , Lesniak Drew , Punar Metin , Klingman Lynne , Naziruddin Bashoo , Askar Medhat , Demetris Anthony J. , Testa Giuliano 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionUterus transplantation (UTx) is a novel treatment for absolute uterine infertility. Acute T cell–mediated rejection (TCMR) can be monitored only through serial cervical biopsies.MethodsThis study, the first of its kind in human transplantation, evaluated clinical, serological, and pathophysiological manifestations of allograft rejection from immunosuppression withdrawal (ISW) to graft hysterectomy (Hx).ResultsFollowing live birth, immunosuppression was abruptly withdrawn from six living‐donor UTx recipients. ISW occurred at a median of 7.4 weeks before graft Hx. Post‐ISW signs of rejection included: (1) discoloration of the cervix; (2) increased uterine size compared to day of ISW; (3) serological evidence of eosinophilia and progressive development of donor‐specific antibodies (DSA) or child‐specific antibodies (CSA); (4) histopathological evidence of TCMR in cervical biopsies preceding the development of antibodies in serum; and (5) C4d deposition in tissue before formation of DSA or CSA in all but two recipients. At graft Hx, endometrial glands were preferentially targeted for destruction over stroma while parametrial arteries displayed variable arteritis and fibrointimal hyperplasia.ConclusionRecognition of the progression of uterine allograft rejection may be important for other human organ recipients and drive research on modulation of immunosuppression and the paradoxical relationship between adaptive cellular and humoral immunity in natural pregnancies.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02656550
Mapping opportunities and barriers for coexistence between people and pumas in the Argentine Dry Chaco
Authors: Nanni A. Sofía , Ghoddousi Arash , Romero‐Muñoz Alfredo , Baumann Matthias , Burton Jamie , Camino Micaela , Decarre Julieta , Martello Felipe , Regolin André Luis , Kuemmerle Tobias 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimThe persistence of large carnivore populations depends on their survival outside protected areas, where they often impact local livelihoods through livestock depredation. Understanding the impacts of human behaviour on large carnivores in shared landscapes is thus important but is often overlooked in habitat assessments or conservation planning. We employed an integrated approach that considers human behaviour and landscape structure metrics to assess the potential for human‐puma (Puma concolor) coexistence in the Chaco region, a global deforestation and defaunation hotspot.LocationArgentine Dry Chaco (~490,000 km2).MethodsWe identified suitable puma habitat patches and movement areas using occupancy modelling and combined it with a spatial human‐puma conflict risk model based on interview data to identify ‘safe’ and ‘unsafe’ habitat patches. We then used resistance surfaces to identify ‘safe’ and ‘unsafe’ movement areas, as well as ‘severed’ movement areas where anthropogenic land conversion inhibits movement.ResultsSafe puma habitat patches (i.e., suitable and safe) covered 29% of the region, whereas attractive sinks (i.e., suitable but risky) represented 12%. Movement areas corresponded to 60% of the region, while conflict risk and high landscape resistance undermined connectivity: unsafe and severed movement areas covered 10% and 11% of the region, respectively. Nearly 98% of safe habitat and movement areas occurred outside protected areas.Main ConclusionsWe provide an integrated conceptual framework and spatial explicit template for a three‐pronged conservation strategy to (1) protect safe habitat and movement areas, (2) mitigate livestock depredation in attractive sinks and unsafe movement areas and (3) restore landscape in severed and matrix areas to improve ecological connectivity. This would allow pumas to maintain viable populations while reducing negative impacts on local people. More generally, we show how integrating habitat and conflict risk models can reveal opportunities and challenges for human‐carnivore coexistence beyond protected areas.