bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soluble α-Klotho: a novel serum biomarker for the activity of GH-producing pituitary adenomas
Authors: Neidert Marian Christoph , Sze Lisa , Zwimpfer Cornelia , Sarnthein Johannes , Seifert Burkhardt , Frei Karl , Leske Henning , Rushing Elisabeth Jane , Schmid Christoph , Bernays René-Ludwig 
Published: January 2013

ObjectiveKlotho is a lifespan-influencing gene expressed mainly in the kidneys. Soluble α-Klotho (αKL) is released into the circulation. In this study, we present baseline αKL serum levels of patients with acromegaly compared with controls with other pituitary adenomas and assess changes following transsphenoidal surgery.DesignProspective controlled study.MethodsWe measured soluble αKL (sandwich ELISA) and IGF1 (RIA) in sera of 14 patients (eight females and six males) with active acromegaly and in 22 control patients (13 females and nine males) operated for non-GH-producing pituitary adenomas. Immunohistochemical staining for Klotho was performed in resected adenomas and in normal pituitary tissue samples.ResultsSoluble αKL was high in the acromegaly group preoperatively (median 4217 pg/ml, interquartile range (IQR) 1812–6623 pg/ml) and declined after surgery during early follow-up (2–6 days; median 645 pg/ml, IQR 550–1303 pg/ml) (P<0.001) and during late follow-up (2–3 months post-operatively; median 902 pg/ml, IQR 497–1340 pg/ml;P<0.001). In controls, preoperative soluble αKL was significantly lower than in acromegalics, 532 pg/ml (400–677 pg/ml;P<0.001). Following surgery, soluble αKL remained low during early and late follow-up – changes over time within the control group were not statistically significant. These results were independent of age, sex and kidney function. Klotho staining was equal or slightly decreased in GH-positive adenomas compared with controls.ConclusionHigh soluble αKL serum levels were specific to GH-producing adenomas and decreased rapidly following adenoma removal. Thus, soluble αKL appears to be a new specific and sensitive biomarker reflecting disease activity in acromegaly. Similar Klotho staining patterns in controls and acromegalics suggest that the rise in serum αKL is caused by systemic actions of pituitary GH rather than due to increased expression of Klotho by the pituitary (adenoma).
Description of Two New Species of Dryocosmus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) Inducing Galls on the Strictly Asian Subgenus Cyclobalanopsis of the Genus Quercus, with a Key to Species of Dryocosmus in East Asia
Authors: Ide Tatsuya , Wachi Nakatada , Abe Yoshihisa 
Published: January 2013

ABSTBACT
Two new species of Dryocosmus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), D. sefuriensis Ide, Wachi et Abe, sp. nov. and D. sakureiensis Ide, Wachi et Abe, sp. nov., are described from Japan. A key to species of Dryocosmus in East Asia is given. Although the members of Dryocosmus have been known to induce galls on the subgenus Quercus of the genus Quercus and the genera Castanea, Castanopsis, Chrysolepis, and Lithocarpus of Fagaceae, this is the first record of this gall wasp genus from the strictly Asian subgenus Cyclobalanopsis of the genus Quercus. The discovery of two new species of Dryocosmus associated with Q. (C.) acuta suggests the exceptionally diverse host range of Dryocosmus and the species richness of Cynipini on this plant subgenus in Asia.
A Conspicuous Intoxication in Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) Caused by a Fungicide Containing Iminoctadine Triacetate
Authors: Arakawa T , Ito K , Kidokoro K , Kadono-Okuda K , Yukuhiro F , Noda H 
Published: January 2013

ABSTBACT
We showed that an oral administration of a fungicide containing iminoctadine triacetate had a delayed effect on the development of Bombyx mori (L.) larvae. Larvae that ingested a diet with a moderate dose of formulated-iminoctadine triacetate throughout the third instar stage developed to the next (fourth) instar stage; thereafter they stopped growing. Those larvae died finally after prolonged fourth instar duration without molting to the next (fifth) instar stage. Dietary intake of the larvae showing the growth inhibition was significantly lower than that of the control group. Fourth instar larvae were reared with restricted amount of diet that was comparable to that of formulated-iminoctadine-treated specimens. These dietary restricted larvae grew at a slower pace and reached a lower maximum weight than controls; however, they developed to the next (fifth) instar stage. Nevertheless, the weight of which was smaller than the control group. These results suggested that reduced food intake did not cause the failure to molt to fifth instar. In the larvae affected by formulated-iminoctadine, “housekeeping genes” (18S ribosomal RNA, actin 3, elongation factor 2, and nsd-2) were expressed normally. From these results, it is assumed that the formulated-iminoctadine-treated larvae lost the capacity of high assimilatory performance and could not build up their body mass furthermore.
Invasive Stink Bug Wounds Trees, Liberates Sugars, and Facilitates Native Hymenoptera
Authors: Martinson Holly M , Raupp Michael J , Shrewsbury Paula M 
Published: January 2013

ABSTBACT
Biological invasions often have devastating impacts on ecosystems and economies, while facilitative interactions between invasive and native species are often overlooked. Here, we demonstrate how the invasive brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomotpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), facilitates native Hymenoptera by opening a novel feeding niche. In the invaded mid-Atlantic region of the United States, several species of native ants and wasps feed on wound exudates from stink bug feeding sites; these exudates have high sugar concentrations and are rapidly used by indigenous Hymenoptera. Positive facilitative interactions between invasive and keystone native species such as ants may have far reaching impacts on invaded ecosystems.
The Diurnal Rhythmicity of Bactrocera cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae) Attraction to Cuelure: Insights from an Interruptable Lure and Computer Vision
Authors: Manoukis Nicholas C , Jang Eric B 
Published: January 2013

ABSTBACT
We introduce a novel method for quantifying the response of tephritid fruit flies to chemical attractants (lures) under seminatural conditions by using automated detection and quantification via computer vision and an interruptible lure apparatus. We use this method to obtain a high-resolution (0.1 Hz) dataset representing the response of colony-reared melon flies, Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett, to cuelure [1-(p-acetoxyphenyl)-butan-3-one] at three different times of the day: morning (0900–1000 hours), mid (1200–1300 hours), and afternoon (1500–1600 hours), or all three times combined. Results consistently show a high and sustained response to cuelure in the morning period, a high but quickly decreasing response during the middle of the day and a low response in the afternoon. We propose possible reasons for the difference in response between the morning and middle of the day periods that could be investigated in future studies. The approach used here also can be used to study other important questions on the biology of tephritid fruit flies and other insects of similar size, particularly those involving their response to chemical lures.
Open bite treatment using clear aligners
Authors: Guarneri Maria Paola , Oliverio Teresa , Silvestre Ivana , Lombardo Luca , Siciliani Giuseppe 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTA 35-year-old female patient with dentoalveolar open bite of 4 mm, molar Class I malocclusion, centered midlines, moderate crowding, and labial inclination of the lower incisor was treated with clear aligners to reduce protrusion and close the anterior open bite. The result showed that clear aligners were an effective method with which to correct this malocclusion. The treatment was complete after 18 months. The patient was satisfied with her new appearance and function.
Antinociceptive effects of long-acting nalbuphine decanoate after intramuscular administration to Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis)
Authors: Guzman David Sanchez-Migallon , Braun Jana M. , Steagall Paulo V. M. , Keuler Nicholas S. , Heath Timothy D. , Krugner-Higby Lisa A. , Brown Carolyn S. , Paul-Murphy Joanne R. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the thermal antinociceptive effects and duration of action of nalbuphine decanoate after IM administration to Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis).
Animals—10 healthy adult Hispaniolan Amazon parrots of unknown sex.
Procedures—Nalbuphine decanoate (33.7 mg/kg) or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution was administered IM in a randomized complete crossover experimental design (periods 1 and 2). Foot withdrawal threshold to a noxious thermal stimulus was used to evaluate responses. Baseline thermal withdrawal threshold was recorded 1 hour before drug or saline solution administration, and thermal foot withdrawal threshold measurements were repeated 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after drug administration.
Results—Nalbuphine decanoate administered IM at a dose of 33.7 mg/kg significantly increased thermal foot withdrawal threshold, compared with results after administration of saline solution during period 2, and also caused a significant change in withdrawal threshold for up to 12 hours, compared with baseline values.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Nalbuphine decanoate increased the foot withdrawal threshold to a noxious thermal stimulus in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots for up to 12 hours and provided a longer duration of action than has been reported for other nalbuphine formulations. Further studies with other types of nociceptive stimulation, dosages, and dosing intervals as well as clinical trials are needed to fully evaluate the analgesic effects of nalbuphine decanoate in psittacine birds.
Description of technique and lower reference limit for magnetic resonance imaging of hippocampal volumetry in dogs
Authors: Milne Marjorie E. , Anderson Garry A. , Chow Kathleen E. , O'Brien Terrence J. , Moffat Bradford A. , Long Sam N. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the use of high-resolution MRI for hippocampal volumetry in dogs and to define a lower reference limit for hippocampal formation (HF) volume.
Animals—20 dogs (with no history of seizures and no underlying structural brain disease) that underwent MRI of the brain.
Procedures—The MRI protocol included a high-resolution T1-weighted 3-D ultrafast gradient-echo sequence aligned in a dorsal plane perpendicular to the long axis of the HF. Images obtained with MRI were retrospectively analyzed by 2 observers (A and B). Intraobserver and interobserver agreement were calculated with the Lin concordance correlation coefficient. Volume measurements of the HF were adjusted for intracranial volume, and a lower 95% reference limit for adjusted HF volume was calculated.
Results—There was substantial intraobserver agreement (Lin concordance correlation coefficient, 0.97 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.94 to 0.99]) but poor interobserver agreement (Lin concordance correlation coefficient, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.37 to 0.79]). The lower 95% reference limit for adjusted HF volume was 0.56 cm3 (90% CI, 0.52 to 0.60 cm3) for the right HF and 0.55 cm3 (90% CI, 0.52 to 0.58 cm3) for the left HF.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—HF volumes should be adjusted for intracranial volume to account for the large variation in canine skull size. The amount of time required to perform HF volumetry and low interobserver agreement may restrict this technique to research applications, such as the investigation of epileptic patients for hippocampal sclerosis or other cognitive disorders.
Comparison of inversion recovery gradient echo with inversion recovery fast spin echo techniques for magnetic resonance imaging detection of navicular bone marrow lesions in horses
Authors: Olive Julien , Vila Thibault , Serraud Nicolas 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Objective—To compare navicular bone marrow lesion (BML) conspicuity in the feet of horses as determined via 2 fat-suppressed MRI techniques, including standard short tau inversion recovery (STIR) and inversion recovery gradient echo (IRGE).
Sample—Feet (n = 150) of horses with lameness referable to the distal portion of the digit.
Procedures—STIR and IRGE sequences were obtained prospectively in all feet with a standing low-field equine MRI system. Presence of a BML was ascertained by identification of a characteristic combination of marrow alterations in T1-weighted, T2*-weighted, T2-weighted, and STIR images. Signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise ratios were calculated on STIR and IRGE sequences in 56 feet with a navicular BML.
Results—Signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise ratios of both sequences correlated linearly (r = 0.87 and r = 0.92, respectively) but were significantly higher for STIR images (mean ± SD, 22.6 ± 12.7 and 12.4 ± 11.4, respectively), compared with IRGE images (13.7 ± 8.0 and 5.9 ± 7.2, respectively).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that the IRGE sequence revealed BMLs significantly less conspicuously, compared with the standard STIR sequence. The 2 techniques cannot be used interchangeably, and IRGE is therefore not recommended as the sole fat-suppressed sequence for routine equine standing MRI protocols.
Evaluation of delivery agents used for introduction of small interfering RNAs into feline corneal cells
Authors: Wilkes Rebecca P. , Ward Dan A. , Newkirk Kim M. , Adams Joleen K. , Kania Stephen A. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate agents used for delivery of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) into feline corneal cells, toxicity of the delivery agents, and functionality of anti-feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1)–specific siRNA combinations.
Sample—Feline primary corneal cells and 19 six-month-old colony-bred cats.
Procedures—siRNA delivery into corneal cells via various delivery agents was evaluated via flow cytometric detection of labeled siRNAs. Cellular toxicity was evaluated with a proliferation assay. Functionality was tested via quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR assay, plaque assay, and flow cytometry. In vivo safety was evaluated with an ocular scoring method following topical application of delivery agents containing siRNAs into eyes. Corneal biopsy specimens were used to assess safety and uptake of siRNAs into corneal cells.
Results—Use of 3 delivery agents resulted in > 95% transfection of primary corneal cells. Use of a peptide for ocular delivery yielded approximately 82% transfection of cells in vitro. In cultured corneal cells, use of the siRNA combinations resulted in approximately 76% to 89% reduction in FHV-1–specific mRNA, 63% to 67% reduction of FHV-1–specific proteins in treated cells, and 97% to 98% reduction in FHV-1 replication. The agents were nonirritating in eyes, caused no substantial clinical ocular signs, and were nontoxic. Histologically, corneal epithelium and stroma were normal in treated cats. However, none of the agents were effective in delivering siRNAs into the corneal cells in vivo.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The tested anti–FHV-1–specific siRNAs could potentially be used as a treatment for FHV-1 if a successful means of in vivo delivery can be achieved.
Evaluation of vincristine-associated myelosuppression in Border Collies
Authors: Lind Denise L. , Fidel Janean L. , Gay John M. , Mealey Katrina L. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine whether Border Collies (ATP binding cassette subfamily B1 gene [ABCB1] wildtype) were more likely than other breeds to develop vincristine-associated myelosuppression (VAM) and, if so, whether this was caused by a mutation in ABCB1 distinct from ABCB1-1Δ.
Animals—Phase 1 comprised 36 dogs with the ABCB1 wildtype, including 26 dogs with lymphoma (5 Border Collies and 21 dogs representing 13 other breeds) treated with vincristine in a previous study; phase 2 comprised 10 additional Border Collies, including 3 that developed VAM and 7 with an unknown phenotype.
Procedures—For phase 1, the prevalence of VAM in ABCB1-wildtype Border Collies was compared with that for ABCB1-wildtype dogs of other breeds with data from a previous study. For phase 2, additional Border Collies were included. Hematologic adverse reactions were graded with Veterinary Co-operative Oncology Group criteria. Genomic DNA was used to amplify and sequence all 27 exons of the canine ABCB1. Sequences from affected dogs were compared with those of unaffected dogs and dogs of unknown phenotype.
Results—3 of 5 Border Collies with the ABCB1 wildtype developed VAM; this was significantly higher than the proportion of other dogs that developed VAM (0/21). A causative mutation for VAM in Border Collies was not identified, although 8 single nucleotide polymorphisms in ABCB1 were detected.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Breed-associated sensitivity to vincristine unrelated to ABCB1 was detected in Border Collies. Veterinarians should be aware of this breed predisposition to VAM. Causes for this apparent breed-associated sensitivity should be explored.
Florfenicol concentrations in ovine tear fluid following intramuscular and subcutaneous administration and comparison with the minimum inhibitory concentrations against mycoplasmal strains potentially involved in infectious keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Regnier Alain , Laroute Valérie , Gautier-Bouchardon Anne , Gayrard Véronique , Picard-Hagen Nicole , Toutain Pierre-Louis 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Objective—To measure florfenicol concentrations in ovine tear fluid after IM and SC administration and determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of florfenicol against field isolates of Mycoplasma organisms potentially involved in infectious keratoconjunctivitis.
Animals—9 healthy adult Lacaune ewes.
Procedures—Animals received an IM and SC administration of florfenicol (20 mg/kg) in a 2-way crossover design. Samples of blood and tear fluid were collected before and for 24 hours after administration. Concentrations of florfenicol in plasma and tear fluid were measured via high-performance liquid chromatography. The MIC of florfenicol for various Mycoplasma strains cultured from sheep and goats was determined via an agar dilution method.
Results—Mean florfenicol concentration in tear fluid for the 24-hour period was significantly higher after IM administration (0.70 μg/mL) than after SC administration (0.22 μg/mL) and was maintained for a longer duration. The lacrimal fluid-to-plasma concentration ratio was not different between the 2 routes of administration, with mean values of 40.2% and 32.5% after IM and SC administration, respectively. The MIC for Mycoplasma agalactiae, Mycoplasma conjunctivae, and Mycoplasma mycoides isolates ranged from 0.5 to 8 μg of florfenicol/mL. Two strains of M agalactiae could be considered resistant to florfenicol.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Florfenicol readily penetrated the preocular tear fluid of sheep after IM and SC administration. For both routes of administration, doses > 20 mg/kg would be necessary to achieve tear fluid concentrations of florfenicol greater than the MICs for most strains of Mycoplasma organisms.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of midazolam after intravenous and intramuscular administration in alpacas
Authors: Aarnes Turi K. , Fry Pamela R. , Hubbell John A. E. , Bednarski Richard M. , Lerche Phillip , Chen Wei , Bei Di , Liu Zhongfa , Lakritz Jeffrey 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of midazolam after IV and IM administration in alpacas.
Animals—6 healthy alpacas.
Procedures—Midazolam (0.5 mg/kg) was administered IV or IM in a randomized crossover design. Twelve hours prior to administration, catheters were placed in 1 (IM trial) or both (IV trial) jugular veins for drug administration and blood sample collection for determination of serum midazolam concentrations. Blood samples were obtained at intervals up to 24 hours after IM and IV administration. Midazolam concentrations were determined by use of tandem liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry.
Results—Maximum concentrations after IV administration (median, 1,394 ng/mL [range, 1,150 to 1,503 ng/mL]) and IM administration (411 ng/mL [217 to 675 ng/mL]) were measured at 3 minutes and at 5 to 30 minutes, respectively. Distribution half-life was 18.7 minutes (13 to 47 minutes) after IV administration and 41 minutes (30 to 80 minutes) after IM administration. Elimination half-life was 98 minutes (67 to 373 minutes) and 234 minutes (103 to 320 minutes) after IV and IM administration, respectively. Total clearance after IV administration was 11.3 mL/min/kg (6.7 to 13.9 mL/min/kg), and steady-state volume of distribution was 525 mL/kg (446 to 798 mL/kg). Bioavailability of midazolam after IM administration was 92%. Peak onset of sedation occurred at 0.4 minutes (IV) and 15 minutes (IM). Sedation was significantly greater after IV administration.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Midazolam was well absorbed after IM administration, had a short duration of action, and induced moderate levels of sedation in alpacas.
Effect of unfocused extracorporeal shock wave therapy on growth factor gene expression in wounds and intact skin of horses
Authors: Link Kaitlyn A. , Koenig Judith B. , Silveira Andressa , Plattner Brandon L. , Lillie Brandon N. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Objective—To compare the effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on expression of fibroblast growth factor-7 (FGF-7), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), platelet-derived growth factor-A (PDGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF) in skin with surgically created skin wounds and intact skin in horses.
Animals—14 healthy horses.
Procedure—8 horses were treated with ESWT at 6 locations along the neck at 36, 24, 12, 6, 2, or 1 hour prior to collection of full-thickness biopsy specimens from each location; a control specimen was collected from a sham-treated location. In 6 horses, 5 full-thickness wounds were created in each forelimb. Wounds in 1 forelimb/horse received ESWT immediately after creation and subsequently on days 7, 14, and 21; wounds in the contralateral forelimb remained untreated. Biopsy specimens were collected from 1 wound on each forelimb on days 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35. Expression levels of FGF-7, TGF-β1, IGF-1, PDGF, and VEGF were assessed in tissue samples from the horses' necks and forelimbs.
Results—In surgically created wounds, ESWT treatment was associated with reduced TGF-β1 expression, compared with expression in control wounds, during the entire study period. At 28 days following wound creation, IGF-1 expression was significantly increased for treated and untreated wounds, compared with findings on days 7, 14, 21, and 35. There was no significant effect of treatment on FGF-7, TGF-β1, IGF-1, PDGF, or VEGF expression in intact skin.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Intervention with ESWT to suppress TGF-β1 may decrease granulation tissue production, resulting in improved wound healing on the distal portion of horses' limbs.