bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Argatroban versus Lepirudin in critically ill patients (ALicia): a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Treschan Tanja A , Schaefer Maximilian S , Geib Johann , Bahlmann Astrid , Brezina Tobias , Werner Patrick , Golla Elisabeth , Greinacher Andreas , Pannen Benedikt , Kindgen-Milles Detlef , Kienbaum Peter , Beiderlinden Martin 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Critically ill patients often require renal replacement therapy accompanied by thrombocytopenia. Thrombocytopenia during heparin anticoagulation may be due to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with need for alternative anticoagulation. Therefore, we compared argatroban and lepirudin in critically ill surgical patients.

Methods
Following institutional review board approval and written informed consent, critically ill surgical patients more than or equal to 18 years with suspected heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, were randomly assigned to receive double-blind argatroban or lepirudin anticoagulation targeting an activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) of 1.5 to 2 times baseline. In patients requiring continuous renal replacement therapy we compared the life-time of hemodialysis filters. We evaluated in all patients the incidence of bleeding and thrombembolic events.

Results
We identified 66 patients with suspected heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, including 28 requiring renal replacement therapy. Mean filter lifetimes did not differ between groups (argatroban 32 ± 25 hours (n = 12) versus lepirudin 27 ± 21 hours (n = 16), mean difference 5 hours, 95% CI −13 to 23, P = 0.227). Among all 66 patients, relevant bleeding occurred in four argatroban- versus eleven lepirudin-patients (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.1 to 14.0, P = 0.040). In the argatroban-group, three thromboembolic events occurred compared to two in the lepirudin group (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.1 to 4.4, P = 0.639). The incidence of confirmed heparin-induced thrombocytopenia was 23% (n = 15) in our study population.

Conclusions
This first randomized controlled double-blind trial comparing two direct thrombin inhibitors showed comparable effectiveness for renal replacement therapy, but suggests fewer bleeds in surgical patients with argatroban anticoagulation.

Trial registration
Clinical Trials.gov NCT00798525. Registered 25 November 2008
Realization method for a rearrangement task by multiple mobile robots in consideration of map errors
Authors: Fujii Norisuke , Ogata Taiki , Hara Tatsunori , Ota Jun 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a realization method for a rearrangement task involving multiple movable objects and mobile robots. All of the objects are transported from their initial positions to goal positions. It is important for mobile robots to cope with map errors in order to execute tasks in a real environment. However, a rearrangement task is a very complicated process involving constraints related to transportation order and scarcity of spatial resources. Therefore, it is difficult to develop an adequate method to deal with map errors and still maintain task performance. We primarily address two questions: what kinds of tactics are needed and when these tactics should be applied. Our method involves adopting a problem-partitioning structure that divides a complicated rearrangement problem into simple subproblems. Furthermore, we design a real mobile robot group. Using the realization method and real robot group, we conduct experiments involving a rearrangement task in an actual environment. The results show that our proposed method can cope with map errors quickly, while maintaining task realization performance.
Dopamine inhibits the function of Gr-1+CD115+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells through D1-like receptors and enhances anti-tumor immunity
Authors: Wu Jin , Zhang Ruihua , Tang Ning , Gong Zizhen , Zhou Jiefei , Chen Yingwei , Chen Kang , Cai Wei 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
MDSCs accumulate in tumor-bearing animals and cancer patients and are a major factor responsible for cancer-induced immunosuppression that limits effective cancer immunotherapy. Strategies aimed at effectively inhibiting the function of MDSCs are expected to enhance host anti-tumor immunity and improve cancer immunotherapy significantly. The neurotransmitter DA has been found to have anti-cancer activity, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. In this study, we sought to investigate the therapeutic mechanism and efficacy of DA on the inhibition of cancer development via the regulation of MDSC functions. The regulation of the suppressive function of Gr-1+CD115+ MDSCs by DA was determined by use of murine syngeneic LLC and B16 graft models treated with DA in vivo, as well as Gr-1+CD115+ MDSCs isolated from these model treated with DA ex vivo. Here, we show that Gr-1+CD115+ monocytic MDSCs express D1-like DA receptors. DA dramatically attenuated the inhibitory function of tumor-induced monocytic MDSCs on T cell proliferation and IFN-γ production via D1-like DA receptors and retarded tumor growth. DA and other D1 receptor agonists inhibited IFN-γ-induced NO production by MDSCs from tumor-bearing mice and cancer patients. Decreased NO production was, in part, mediated via the suppression of p-ERK and p-JNK. In conclusion, the neurotransmitter DA potently inhibits the suppressive function of MDSC and enhances anti-tumor immunity. Our finding provides a mechanistic basis for the use of DA or D1-like receptor agonists to overcome tumor-induced immunosuppression in cancer immunotherapy.
Expression and targeting of lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) on white blood cells for treatment of allergic asthma
Authors: Gupta Anukriti , Espinosa Vanessa , Galusha Lindsey E , Rahimian Vahid , Miro Katie L , Rivera-Medina Amariliz , Kasinathan Chinnaswamy , Capitle Eugenio , Aguila Helen A , Kachlany Scott C 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that results from an exaggerated inflammatory response in the airways. Environment stimuli, such as pollen and HDM, cause activation and migration of inflammatory WBCs into the respiratory tract, where they cause lung damage. Migration of these WBCs is dependent on the active configuration of the β2 integrin LFA-1. The experimental therapeutic agent LtxA specifically targets active LFA-1 and causes cell death. We investigated the association between LFA-1 and allergic asthma and hypothesized that targeting LFA-1 with LtxA could be an attractive strategy for treatment of the condition. We examined LFA-1 (CD11a) levels on PBMCs from patients with allergic asthma compared with healthy controls. Patients exhibited a significantly higher percentage of PBMCs expressing LFA-1 than healthy controls. Furthermore, the level of LFA-1 expression on patient PBMCs was greater than on healthy PBMCs. We identified a unique cellular population in patients that consisted of CD4– CD11ahi cells. We also evaluated LtxA in a HDM extract-induced mouse model for allergic asthma. LtxA caused resolution of disease in mice, as demonstrated by a decrease in BALF WBCs, a reduction in pulmonary inflammation and tissue remodeling, and a decrease in proinflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-17F, and IL-23α in lung tissue. LFA-1 may serve as an important marker in allergic asthma, and the elimination of activated WBCs by use of LtxA could be a viable therapeutic strategy for treating patients with this condition.
Conditional Deletion of Men1 in the Pancreatic β-Cell Leads to Glucagon-Expressing Tumor Development
Authors: Li Feng , Su Yutong , Cheng Yulong , Jiang Xiuli , Peng Ying , Li Yanli , Lu Jieli , Gu Yanyun , Zhang Changxian , Cao Yanan , Wang Weiqing , Ning Guang 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe tumor suppressor menin is recognized as a key regulator of β-cell proliferation. To induce tumorigenesis within the pancreatic β-cells, floxed alleles of Men1 were selectively ablated using Cre-recombinase driven by the insulin promoter. Despite the β-cell specificity of the RipCre, glucagon-expressing tumors as well as insulinomas developed in old mutant mice. These glucagon-expressing tumor cells were menin deficient and expressed the mature α-cell-specific transcription factors Brain-specific homeobox POU domain protein 4 (Brn4) and v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene family, protein B (MafB). Moreover, the inactivation of β-cell-specific transcription factors was observed in mutant β-cells. Our work shows that Men1 ablation in the pancreatic β-cells leads to the inactivation of specific transcription factors, resulting in glucagon-expressing tumor development, which sheds light on the mechanisms of islet tumorigenesis.
Characterization of 2,9-Dihexylpentacene Films on Graphite (0001) by Metastable Atom Electron Spectroscopy and Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Authors: Yamazaki Shunya , Okuda Shohei , Ozaki Hiroyuki , Endo Osamu , Ogino Kenji , Okamoto Kazuo 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Using metastable atom electron spectroscopy and ultra-violet photoelectron spectroscopy, the electronic structure and the molecular orientation of 2,9-dihexylpentacene are studied for two kinds of films prepared by vapor deposition onto a graphite (0001) substrate. It is found that the molecules lie flat in a monolayer of 0.4 nm thickness but stand up in a 16-nm film with the methyl ends of the chains exposed outside.
Maximizing Demineralization during Chemical Leaching of Coal through Optimal Reagent Addition Policy
Authors: Dash Pratik S. , Prasad D. N. , Sriramoju Santosh K. , Lingam R. K. , Suresh A. , Banerjee P. K. , Ganguly S. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The main objective of the optimal reagent addition was to maximize the quantity of product with minimal quantity of feed. In the present study, the optimal addition of reagents during the chemical leaching of coal was computed. Chemical leaching of coal was carried out using aqueous solution of caustic to dissolve and remove the mineral matter. Simulation studies were carried out using the optimal reagent addition for chemical leaching of coal in batch reactors. This was experimentally validated, using the bench-scale reactor setup with hierarchical optimization architecture. Chemical leaching experiments were conducted using West Bokaro coal. Samples collected at various time intervals during the experiment were analyzed. Variations in silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) concentrations, which were main constituents present in coal ash, were evaluated with respect to time for different concentrations of caustic. The simulation studies for optimal addition were carried out at 6, 8 and 10 intervals. An objective function, required for maximum ash removal, was solved, using sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm to find out the optimum sequence for reagent dosing. An improvement of about 1% (wt) ash reduction on an average was observed with implementation of optimal reagent addition.
Prediction of FV520B Steel Flow Stresses at High Temperature and Strain Rates
Authors: Han Xiaolan , Zhao Shengdun , Zhang Chenyang , Fan Shuqin , Xu Fan 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn order to develop reliable constitutive equations for the simulation, the hot deformation behavior of FV520B steel was investigated through isothermal compression tests in a wide range of temperatures from 900 °C to 1100 °C at an interval of 50 °C and strain rate from 0.01 to 10 s
Location Model and Algorithm of Construction Waste Recycling Centers for Service Reliability
Authors: Xie Qiu , Fan Xing Rong , He Qiong , Yang Yu 
Published: October 2014

AbstractPresently, most studies focus on the minimization of the costs and negative social effects of the location of construction waste recycling centers; however, the influence of the location on future operation is usually ignored. Aiming at solving these problems, a location model for the maximization of service reliability was devised. Service reliability includes the recycling reliability of the construction waste and the delivery reliability of the recycled product. Through maximizing service reliability, the location deviation as a result of arrival delay is expected to be reduced and the service reliability improved. Then, two important parameters in our model were solved on the basis of correlative mathematical theories. Finally, an example was implemented to verify our location optimization model. A genetic algorithm was used to obtain optimal solutions, and the solutions were analyzed. Through establishing a location optimization model, a possible better solution to location problems may be obtained to help in implementing location selection for recycling centers.
An efficient synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles catalyzed by MgI2 etherate
Authors: Zhang Yongdong , Weng Guodong , Chen Jingyan , Ma Danting , Zhang Xingxian 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe describe a convenient and useful procedure for the synthesis of various 2,5-dimethyl-N-substituted pyrrole derivatives by the addition of 2,5-hexadione with aromatic amines, heteroaromatic amines and aliphatic amines catalyzed by MgI
A Note on Economic Inequality and Democratization
Authors: Dorsch Michael T. , Maarek Paul 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis brief note revisits the empirical relation between economic inequality and instances of democratization. We argue that economic inequality may be an explanatory factor only following macroeconomic downturns. Our point generalizes – empirical peace scientists examining the likelihood of major political events should consider the possibility that explanatory structural factors may have heterogeneous impacts across macroeconomic cycles.
The pressure effect on crystal structure of complex ferroelectrics Ba4Sm2Fe2Nb8O30 and Ba4Gd2Fe2Nb8O30
Authors: Jabarov Sakin H. , Kichanov Sergey E. , Kozlenko Denis P. , Mehdiyeva Rafiga Z. , Lathe Christian , Mammadov Ali I. , Lukin Evgeniy V. , Savenko Boris N. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The crystal structure of complex oxide ferroelectrics Ba4Sm2Fe2Nb8O30 and Ba4Gd2Fe2Nb8O30 have been studied by means of energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction method at high pressure up to 4 GPa at room temperature. At ambient pressure, the crystal structure of both compounds is described by the tetragonal symmetry with space group P4/mbm. At pressure P∼1.8 GPa in Ba4Sm2Fe2Nb8O30 and at P∼2.2 GPa in Ba4Gd2Fe2Nb8O30 the structure phase transition have been observed. The orthorhombic structure model with Pba2 space group for high-pressure phase of those compounds have been proposed. The baric dependences of lattice parameters and unit cell volumes of Ba4Sm2Fe2Nb8O30 and Ba4Gd2Fe2Nb8O30 compounds have been obtained.
Understanding Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior at Low Frequencies for a Mn–Ni–Cr Steel in 3.5 % NaCl Solution Under Controlled Cathodic Potential
Authors: Prakash Raghu V. , Dhinakaran Sampath 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Fatigue crack growth behavior at low loading frequencies for a Mn–Ni–Cr steel immersed in 3.5 % NaCl solution, with and without cathodic polarization, is investigated and presented in this paper. Frequency shedding method is used to estimate fatigue crack growth rate over a range of frequencies between 0.01 and 5 Hz at a constant stress intensity factor range of 15 MPa √m. The effectiveness of cathodic potential of −900 mV SCE in containing corrosion contribution to crack growth is estimated by comparing with published data on fatigue crack growth rate in lab air and 3.5 % NaCl solution without cathodic polarization. It is noted that there are three regions of crack growth rate as a function of applied frequencies when the data is plotted in log–log scale: linear crack growth rate, plateau crack growth rate, and high crack growth rate. The crack growth rate of steel in 3.5 % NaCl solution at 15 MPa √m is scanned for different cathodic potentials between −760 mV SCE and 1150 mV SCE at 0.01 and 0.1 Hz. The potentials at which the crack growth rates are the maximum and the minimum are found to be −760 and −950 mV, respectively. The optimum cathodic protection potential for the minimum corrosion fatigue crack growth rate ranges between −900 and −950 mV. This optimum potential for the minimum corrosion crack growth rate is more negative than the cathodic potential required for restraining the corrosion effects on fatigue strength of steel to normal ambient air behavior.
Potential effects of aerobic exercise on the expression of perilipin 3 in the adipose tissue of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot study
Authors: Covington Jeffrey D , Bajpeyi Sudip , Moro Cedric , Tchoukalova Yourka D , Ebenezer Philip J , Burk David H , Ravussin Eric , Redman Leanne M 
Published: October 2014

ObjectivePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with reduced adipose tissue lipolysis that can be rescued by aerobic exercise. We aimed to identify differences in the gene expression of perilipins and associated targets in adipose tissue in women with PCOS before and after exercise.Design and methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in eight women with PCOS and eight women matched for BMI and age with normal cycles. Women with PCOS also completed a 16-week prospective aerobic exercise-training study. Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies were collected, and primary adipose-derived stromal/stem cell cultures were established from women with PCOS before 16 weeks of aerobic exercise training (n=5) and controls (n=5). Gene expression was measured using real-time PCR, in vitro lipolysis was measured using radiolabeled oleate, and perilipin 3 (PLIN3) protein content was measured by western blotting analysis.ResultsThe expression of PLIN1, PLIN3, and PLIN5, along with coatomers ARF1, ARFRP1, and βCOP was ∼80% lower in women with PCOS (all P<0.05). Following exercise training, PLIN3 was the only perilipin to increase significantly (P<0.05), along with coatomers ARF1, ARFRP1, βCOP, and SEC23A (all P<0.05). Furthermore, PLIN3 protein expression was undetectable in the cell cultures from women with PCOS vs controls. Following exercise training, in vitro adipose oleate oxidation, glycerol secretion, and PLIN3 protein expression were increased, along with reductions in triglyceride content and absence of large lipid droplet morphology.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that PLIN3 and coatomer GTPases are important regulators of lipolysis and triglyceride storage in the adipose tissue of women with PCOS.
Development of a-SiC Thin Film Photoelectrodes and Hybrid PV/a-SiC Devices for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Hu J. , Zhu F. , Kunrath A. , Gaillard N. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTIn this communication, we report our efforts to develop amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC) thin film photoelectrodes integrated with Si solar cells to form a monolithic, hybrid photovoltaic (PV)/a-SiC device capable of water splitting using sunlight as the only energy source. The main photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of both the a-SiC photoelectrode and complete hybrid device fabricated by the plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) technique at low temperature (≤ 200°C) are discussed. The surface modification with metal nanoparticles, which is critical to PEC performances of the hybrid device, is also described. We show that, with the an a-SiC photoelectrode of p-i-n configuration and a high performance silicon heterojunction solar cell as driver, the photocurrent of the hybrid PV/a-SiC device has reached ∼5 mA/cm2. Additionally, the durability of such device has reached ∼800 hours in acidic electrolyte. Finally, we describe a roadmap for achieving the solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of >10% by optimizing the device configuration.
Management of Elderly Patients With Gliomas
Authors: Gállego Pérez-Larraya Jaime , Delattre Jean-Yves 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The current progressive aging of the population is resulting in a continuous increase in the incidence of gliomas in elderly people, especially the most frequent subtype, glioblastoma (GBM). This sociohealth shift, known as the “silver tsunami,” has prompted the neuro-oncology community to investigate the role of specific antitumor treatments, such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and other targeted therapies, for these traditionally undertreated patients. Advanced age, a widely recognized poor prognostic factor in both low-grade glioma (LGG) and high-grade glioma patients, should no longer be the sole reason for excluding such older patients from receiving etiologic treatments. Far from it, results from recent prospective trials conducted on elderly patients with GBM demonstrate that active management of these patients can have a positive impact on survival without impairing either cognition or quality of life. Although prospective studies specifically addressing the management of grade 2 and 3 gliomas are lacking and thus needed, the aforementioned tendency toward acknowledging a therapeutic benefit for GBM patients might also apply to the treatment of patients with LGG and anaplastic gliomas. In order to optimize such etiologic treatment in conjunction with symptomatic management, neuro-oncology multidisciplinary boards must individually consider important features such as resectability of the tumor, functional and cognitive status, associated comorbidities, and social support.
Estado actual del branding en las compañías spin-off y start-up académicas: caso universidades públicas en Colombia
Authors: Cruz-Carvajal Jonnathan J. , Hernández Umaña Iván D. , Duque Oliva Edison J. 
Published: October 2014

Esta investigación tiene como fin describir el estado actual de los procesos de branding que efectúan las empresas tipo spin-off y start-upacadémicas en Colombia. Los hallazgos están basados en el estudio de caso de tres empresas tipo spin-off académico y tres start-upacadémico, provenientes de tres universidades públicas colombianas. Los datos son recopilados a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas aplicadas a los fundadores de las compañías, y a su vez analizados mediante la metodología de análisis de contenido cualitativo. Se empleó el modelo de análisis de branding para PYME descrito por Bresciani y Eppler (2010). Los resultados muestran la importancia de las actividades de branding para las empresas estudiadas. Nuevos factores fueron detectados como relevantes y particulares para los procesos de brandingen las spin-off y start-up académicas: la ausencia de departamentos de mercadeo, las actividades publicitarias como medio principal para efectuar presencia de marca, la figura del emprendedor como “representación viva” de la marca, los procesos de selección de personal y la importancia del respaldo de marca de la universidad. Se encontró que los factores que no han impulsado o permitido actividades de brandingen las empresas son la falta de recursos financieros, el desconocimiento del tema y la subvaloración de este. Finalmente se describió el proceso cíclico para el branding de la categoría de empresas analizadas.
Innovaciones biotecnológicas: una joven emprendedora en ciencia y tecnología
Authors: Leiva Bonilla Juan Carlos 
Published: October 2014

Este caso presenta la situación de una emprendedora que, recién graduada de la universidad, decide formar su propia empresa junto con dos compañeros más, con el apoyo de un centro de incubación de empresas y después de ganar un concurso de emprendedores. La empresa compite en un mercado no tradicional, donde hay uso intensivo de conocimiento: la asesoría en ecoeficiencia. Al cumplir el primer año de operaciones, los dos socios de la protagonista decidieron dejar la empresa y ella se enfrenta a una serie de decisiones tanto de índole personal como empresarial. El caso tiene dos abordajes centrales: la creación de empresas entre personas jóvenes en un entorno como el costarricense, similar al de muchos países latinoamericanos; y la evaluación de ideas de negocios y posibles estrategias de ingreso al mercado.