bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linear and Annular Lupus Panniculitis of the Scalp with Annular Lupus Panniculitis of the Face in a Child
Authors: Baskaran Narayanan , Bharti Prashant , Arava Sudheer , Khandpur Sujay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Linear and annular lupus panniculitis of the scalp is a rare form of lupus panniculitis recently reported in literature. It presents as linear or annular or arciform areas of nonscarring alopecia of the scalp with minimal surface changes. We report a 4-year-old Indian female child with arciform erythematous plaque over the forehead extending on the scalp with nonscarring alopecia with annular erythematous plaque over the cheek. Histology showed lobular lymphocytic panniculitis with abundant mucin deposition. Antinuclear antibody and systemic screen for lupus were negative. After treatment with oral corticosteroids, complete remission was achieved with good regrowth of scalp hair with no relapse during the follow-up period of 6 months. This is the youngest reported case of linear and annular lupus panniculitis of the scalp.
The relationship between emotional intelligence and academic performance among medical students in Mysuru
Authors: Bilimale Anil S. , Hegde Saurish , Pragadesh R. , Rakesh M. , Anil Deepak , Gopi Arun 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
In medical education, it was known that only abstract intelligence was enough for patient treatment, but frequent failures and inabilities to handle social issues by students have led researchers to come out to explore other aspects of intelligence.

Materials and Methods:
It is a cross-sectional study for 3 months. The sample size was 110, and the data were collected using a Schutte self-assessment questionnaire from medical students in a medical college. The data were analyzed using mean, Pearson’s correlation, Student’s t-test, and ANOVA test using SPSS version 22.

Results:
The mean emotional intelligence (EI) of the participants was 121.11 ± 12.778. Most of the participants belonged to the age group of 19–23 years. Most belonged to the nuclear family (80%) and most fathers were professionals (81.8%). Sixty-five percentage of the students scored between 65% and 75% in their examinations. There was a negative correlation between EI and academic scores. High EI can mean that they can handle crises and emotional turmoil well but may not necessarily mean that it would translate to a good academic performance according to the current assessment techniques in medical universities.

Conclusion:
A negative correlation between EI and academic performance can be implied that either academic performance is independent of EI or the current education system is considering the cognitive domain in academic performance assessment which is not influenced by EI.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Practice-based learning and improvement, Professionalism.
How to Peer Review for Scientific Journals?
Authors: Wyawahare Mukta 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Peer review is the evaluation of scientific, academic, or professional work by experts in the field. This process starts when the editor of a peer-reviewed journal sends an article or a manuscript to two or more reviewers for review. They convey their suggestions to the editor. If the reviews are positive, the editor requests the authors to revise and resubmit the manuscript. The corresponding author provides a point-wise explanation of the various queries raised by the reviewers and resubmits the paper. The editor may send the paper for re-review, following which the editor makes the final decision. If accepted, the author is informed, and the paper is published. The peer review process has many variations such as blinded review (single or double blind), open review, and collaborative review. Each variant has its pros and cons. Peer review, when done before publication in a journal, has the advantage of producing papers that have undergone thorough scrutiny of their research question, methodology, and outcomes. Although this process may take more time compared to other methods, it has stood the test of time as a key quality control mechanism in scientific publishing. The reviewer should be unbiased and professional in his/her conduct and provide constructive feedback to improve the research paper. Several journals provide a checklist for peer reviewers, which facilitates a detailed review. Peer reviewing is a skill that improves the quality of publication at the level of an individual manuscript and benefits the scientific community at large.
Antimicrobial resistance: A looming threat to public health and global well-being
Authors: Deori Chinmoyee , Sonowal Tonushyam , Das Monalisha 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global issue that transcends borders and affects countries at all income levels. Various contributing factors include limited access to clean water, sanitation, and hygiene for both humans and animals; inadequate infection and disease prevention and control in households, health-care facilities, and farms; restricted access to high-quality and affordable vaccines, diagnostics, and medications; insufficient awareness and knowledge; and a lack of enforcement of relevant legislation. People in low-resource settings and vulnerable populations are disproportionately affected by both the causes and consequences of AMR. The identification and subsequent incorporation of antimicrobial agents into clinical medicine marked a significant milestone in 20th-century medical achievements, fundamentally transforming the management of bacterial diseases. Nevertheless, the gradual rise of antibiotic-resistant bacterial populations, stemming from the inappropriate usage, misapplication, and unconditional abuse of antibiotics, has evolved into a substantial global public health challenge. Today, different mechanisms of bacterial resistance have been reported in almost all the present antibiotics on the market. The international community has been striving to address and recognize AMR as a global alarming situation, as considered by the World Health Organization as well as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The unrestrained utilization of antibiotics at public and commercial levels has invigorated the evolution of multi-drug resistant microbiota across the globe, leading to an elevated mortality rate due to microbial infections. This review paper explored the inception and resistance genes, provides a comprehensive overview of global antimicrobial resistance, analyzes factors promoting its dissemination, discusses control strategies, examines control challenges, and underscores the ramifications of an inability to effectively contain antimicrobial resistance in bacteria, effectively.
Age, gender, and regional variations in stroke epidemiology in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Joseph Jaison , Varkey Biji P. , Varghese Abin , Mathews Elezebeth , Dhandapani Manju , Sharma Suresh K. , Shah Saleena , Narasimha Venkata Lakshmi , Renjith Vishnu , Dhandapani Sivashanmugam , Manjula G. B. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
There is a wide variation in stroke epidemiology in India due to the differences in culture and the variability in the distribution of risk factors across the states. The present meta-analysis provides a pooled estimate of age, gender, and region-based stroke epidemiology in India based on epidemiological transition level (ETL) groups described in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study (2016).

Methods:
We searched in PubMed and Google Scholar, and relevant studies published till February 2022 were included. Observational studies conducted in the Indian setting were included and global or Indian studies that exclusively estimated the prevalence, incidence, or mortality data among patients with stroke were excluded. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist was used for the risk-of-bias assessment and publication bias was evaluated by funnel plots and Egger’s test. The R software was used to perform this meta-analysis; I2 statistics were calculated to measure heterogeneity among studies.

Results:
We included 58 studies in the systematic review, and after quality assessment, 47 studies were finally included for meta-analysis. The sample sizes of the included studies ranged from 40 to 4989 and the mean age of the participants ranged from 31.7 (Standard Deviation, SD-7.4) to 70.5 (SD-10.7). The burden of stroke was estimated based on the ETL groups described in the GBD Study 2016. We found a male preponderance (64.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 62.5%-68.3%) in the gender distribution of strokes and 75.2% (95% CI: 68.7%-81.7%) of the stroke occurred above the age of 50 years. Ischemic stroke is the predominant subtype of stroke in India, with a higher proportion in the middle ETL region (74.0%; 95% CI: 65.1%-81.3%) as compared to those with low ETL (67.2%; 95% CI: 49.9%-80.8%) and high ETL regions (67.5%; 95% CI: 57.0%-76.4%).

Conclusion:
There was a significant heterogeneity among the included studies. Majority of strokes occurred in the age group of more than 50 years with a male preponderance. Ischemic stroke was the most common type of stroke with its proportion varying from 67% to 74% depending on ETL.

PROSPERO Registration: CRD42022316774.
Clinical utility of dermatoscopy in identifying cutaneous myiasis complicating pemphigus vulgaris lesions
Authors: Qureshi Mohammed Asif , Yadav Rabindra Kumar , Agrawal Sonu Kumari 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A teenage girl with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and abetalipoproteinemia experienced an acute PV flare and wound myiasis on her right thigh. Dermatoscopy aided in larval identification as Phormia regina. Treatment included dexamethasone, oral prednisolone, turpentine oil flushes, and larval removal. At the 4-week follow-up, disease activity was controlled, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed no larvae. This rare case highlighted the co-occurrence of wound myiasis and PV, likely due to poor living conditions. Dermatoscopy was crucial for larval identification, and turpentine oil flushes facilitated larval removal. Ethanol, chloroform spray, and ivermectin are also effective myiasis treatments.
Transfusion Practices in Severely Injured Patients at a Level 1 Trauma Center
Authors: Krishna Aparna , Subramanian Arulselvi , Chaurasia Rahul , Sinha Tej Prakash , Pandey Shivam , Malhotra Rajesh 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Acute trauma resuscitation is challenging and disorganized in low- and middle-income countries as there is lack of evidence-based transfusion practices with respect to ratio, volume, trigger, cutoff points for various triggers. This study aims to study the patterns of blood use in various mechanisms of injury, by interfacility transfer status and define triggers for transfusion of various blood components. Prospective observational study, emergency department of level 1 trauma center (August 2017–August 2018).

Methods:
Demographic, injury, clinical, laboratory, transfusion characteristics, and patient outcomes were collected from electronic hospital records and transfusion service records. We used multivariate logistic regression to identify triggers of transfusion of red blood cells, plasma, platelets (PLTs), cryoprecipitate, and mortality predictors.

Results:
Among 986 severely injured patients 80% were males, 92% had blunt injuries and commonest trauma was Head. The median length of intensive care unit stay and hospital stay were more in a referred group. Patients brought to center directly received more massive transfusions (56, 13.05% vs. 48, 8.62%). Railway track injuries received the most total median packed red blood cells (PRBCs) units in both groups. The triggers for various blood product transfusions include: Hematocrit < 32.08 for PRBC, PT >16.9 s for plasma, PLT count <130 lakhs for platelets, MAP <89.7 mmHg and PT >18.2 s for cryoprecipitate.

Conclusion:
Railway track injuries with inferior extremity injuries required maximum transfusion requirements and were a trigger for PRBC, plasma, PLTs, and cryoprecipitate. Smartphone-based apps and transfusion prediction models can be framed based on the triggers and cut points.
What matters in good health status of 1-year-old children? – A cross-sectional study of the perinatal factors
Authors: Shenoy Priyanka S. , Chavan Yuvaraj B. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
A healthy child can make way for a healthy adult. Some of the factors that can be used to determine the health of a young child are nutritional status of the child, the developmental milestones achieved, and frequency of illness.

Objectives:
The health status of children and associated factors are determined.

Methods:
This is a community-based cross-sectional study with 271 participants. The height and weight of the child were measured; questions were asked regarding developmental milestones achieved and frequent illnesses. An interview schedule was used to enquire about the determinants of health status. Descriptive statistics were done; Chi-square test and regression were used to determine association between the health status of children and determinants.

Results:
A total of 127 (46.86%) were found to have a good health status. Family type (Chi square value 9.568; P value = 0.002), birth spacing (Chi square 20.540; P value < 0.001), term or pre-term birth (Chi square 4.598; P value = 0.032), chronic medical problem in the child (Chi square 11.074; P value = 0.001), and immunization status of the child (Chi square 5.666; P value = 0.017) were found to have significant association with the health status of the child. By logistic regression, pre-term child birth and family type were found to have higher odds.

Conclusion:
For better health of the child, specific focus on birth spacing, term birth of baby, better care of the ill, and complete immunization play vital roles.
An experimental study to assess the effectiveness of video-assisted childbirth education programme on knowledge regarding childbirth among primigravida mothers attending antenatal out patient department of a selected hospital in Bhopal
Authors: Priya KM , Podder Lily , Martis Maxie 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Childbirth is a normal physiological process in a woman’s life, yet it is a life-changing experience for the primigravida mothers. Boosting confidence regarding pregnancy and childbirth by enhancing knowledge is an important component of care.

Aims:
The aim was to assess the effectiveness of the video-assisted childbirth education programme on the knowledge of the primigravida mothers regarding childbirth.

Settings and Design:
A quantitative research approach with a quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group design was adopted. Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used to select the 60 primigravida mothers who completed 34 weeks of gestation and are attending the Gynaec Outpatient Department (OPD) of a tertiary care hospital in Bhopal.

Methods and Material:
The self-structured knowledge questionnaire was developed. On the first day of contact with the sample, pretest was taken from both groups. A tailor-made video was administered to the experimental group on the same day. Posttest was taken on the seventh day from both groups.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) used to determine the effectiveness of video-assisted childbirth education programme revealed a significant interaction between the intervention and time, F (1,58) =29.398, P < .001.

Results:
The mean difference in knowledge score over time was greater in the experimental group compared to the control group and the difference was statistically significant.

Conclusions:
The video-assisted childbirth education programme was effective in enhancing the knowledge of primigravida mothers regarding childbirth.
Mental health status among chronic disease patients in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings from a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jahan Yasmin , Khair Zara , Moriyama Michiko , Amin Md Robed , Hawlader Mohammad Delwer Hossain , Ananta Taiyaba Tabassum , Aziz Asma Binte , Sharif Mohiuddin , Hasan Monirul , Chowdhury Md Forhadul Islam , Nizam Nusrat Benta , Islam Syed Mohammad Ariful , Rahman Mohammad Habibur , Sarker Mohammad Habibur Rahman , Rahman Md Moshiur 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
The COVID-19 epidemic has had a substantial influence on the mental health of chronic disease patients. However, there is a scarcity of research on them in Bangladesh.

Aims:
This study aims to explore the prevalence of and identify the risk factors for depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic among people with chronic diseases in Bangladesh.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study involving face-to-face and telephone interviews was carried out among Bangladeshi people diagnosed with chronic diseases between September and November 2020. The total sample size was 878, and a convenient sampling technique was used. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate potential influencing factors for depression, anxiety, and stress.

Results:
The mean age of respondents was 50.10 years. Among them, 35.0%, 36.0%, and 29.0% suffered from depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, respectively. In multivariable logistic regression, depression had a significant positive association with higher age (≥60 years), lower income, rural residency, and loss of close family members due to COVID-19. Anxiety had a significant positive association with higher age (≥40 years), lower education, lower income, rural residency, and loss of close family members due to COVID-19. Stress had a significant positive association with higher age (≥40 years), no income, rural residency, and loss of close family members due to COVID-19.

Conclusion:
It is urgent to consider the risk of developing mental health distress among chronic disease patients, especially aged people, by health service providers and generate effective programs for emergency situations.
Prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in school-going children in rural Konkan region of Maharashtra
Authors: Gogate Sonali , Kurane Anil , Nanaware Sagar Subhash , Padma Kumari 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood characterised by attention deficit, hyperactivity and impulsiveness. The present study was designed to compute the prevalence of ADHD and assess the association of the predetermined demographic variables and ADHD in school-going children aged 6–12 years in rural areas of Konkan.

Material and Methods:
The present study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. Using the first edition of Vanderbilt’s scale – D4 (Teacher’s informant) by National Institute for Children’s Health Quality (NICHQ) for identifying symptoms of ADHD in children, a questionnaire was filled out for each child with input from their class teacher. These data were then compiled and analysed.

Results:
Out of the 133 participants in the study aged 6–12 years, the gender distribution was 69 boys and 64 girls. The mean age was 9.2 ± 2.3 years. Of which, one student (0.75%) was found to have a predominantly inattentive subtype of ADHD (ADHD-IA). The prevalence was found to be 1.5% (2/133). In addition, one student (0.75%) was found to have a combined ADHD-IA and hyperactive (ADHD-H/I) subtype of ADHD (ADHD-C). The latter was also positive for the anxiety/depression screening scale administered as part of the same questionnaire. The total symptom score for questions 1–18 was 8.44 ± 7.29.

Conclusion:
One of the most common neurodivergent conditions among school-age children is ADHD. Using an easy-to-use questionnaire, teachers and parents can report those experiencing symptoms of ADHD. Early diagnosis and treatment are recommended to avoid complications and aid in the improvement of quality of life.
Association between increased screen time, sedentary behavior, and insomnia among Indian adults: A cross-sectional nationwide online survey
Authors: Aggarwal Disha , Das Amiti , Krishna S Teja Rama , Hyndavi Sai , Palepu Sarika , Kumar Santosh 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
During the “coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)” pandemic, screen time saw a notable increase, ranging from 2.5 to 7.5 hours per day. Scientific evidence has demonstrated a strong correlation between heightened digital media usage and heightened levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. Research indicates that engaging in screen time for four hours or more daily can elevate the likelihood of experiencing symptoms of depression among children and adolescents by 46–80%. Despite this, there remains a paucity of medical evidence elucidating the intricate interplay between screen time, physical inactivity, and insomnia in adults.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of increased screen time, insomnia, and physical inactivity among adults and their association during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Settings and Design:
A cross-sectional study through an online Google Form questionnaire was conducted among the Indian population.

Methods and Materials:
The study was conducted between June and August 2020 and comprised 658 participants aged 18 and above. Participants were recruited using a chain sampling procedure, with the majority being female, accounting for 54% (355 individuals).

Statistical Analysis:
The mean and standard deviation were calculated for numerical variables, while percentages and proportions were determined for categorical variables. The Chi-square test was employed to examine associations between variables. For assessing the predictors of screen time, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted.

Results:
The majority of participants reported screen time exceeding 2 hours per day (85%), clinical insomnia symptoms (59%), moderate to high physical activity levels (92.8%), and low levels of sedentary behavior (60.5%). Variables such as gender, age, and screen time demonstrated significant associations with insomnia and physical activity. The odds ratio for insomnia in relation to screen time was 2.84 (95% confidence interval: 1.78–4.58) with a P value of 0.001. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that increasing age was significantly associated with lower levels of screen time.

Conclusions:
Screen time showed a significant association with insomnia. Less screen time was reported with increased age.
Scale-invariant tangent-point energies for knots
Authors: Blatt Simon , Reiter Philipp , Schikorra Armin , Vorderobermeier Nicole 
Published: June 2024

We investigate minimizers and critical points for scale-invariant tangent-point energies

{\mathrm{TP}}^{p,q}

of closed curves. We show that (a) minimizing sequences in ambient isotopy classes converge to locally critical embeddings at all but finitely many points and (b) locally critical embeddings are regular. Technically, the convergence theory (a) is based on a gap estimate for fractional Sobolev spaces with respect to the tangent-point energy. The regularity theory (b) is based on constructing a new energy

\mathcal{E}^{p,q}

and proving that the derivative

\gamma'

of a parametrization of a

{\mathrm{TP}}^{p,q}

-critical curve

\gamma

induces a critical map with respect to

\mathcal{E}^{p,q}

acting on torus-to-sphere maps.