bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subglacial water drainage, storage, and piracy beneath the Greenland ice sheet
Authors: Lindbäck K. , Pettersson R. , Hubbard A. L. , Doyle S. H. , van As D. , Mikkelsen A. B. , Fitzpatrick A. A. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractMeltwater drainage across the surface of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) is well constrained by measurements and modeling, yet despite its critical role, knowledge of its transit through the subglacial environment remains limited. Here we present a subglacial hydrological analysis of a land‐terminating sector of the GrIS at unprecedented resolution that predicts the routing of surface‐derived meltwater once it has entered the basal drainage system. Our analysis indicates the probable existence of small subglacial lakes that remain undetectable by methods using surface elevation change or radar techniques. Furthermore, the analysis suggests transient behavior with rapid switching of subglacial drainage between competing catchments driven by seasonal changes in the basal water pressure. Our findings provide a cautionary note that should be considered in studies that attempt to relate and infer future response from surface temperature, melt, and runoff from point measurements and/or modeling with measurements of proglacial discharge and ice dynamics.
From Ultrafast Structure Determination to Steering Reactions: Mixed IR/Non‐IR Multidimensional Vibrational Spectroscopies
Authors: van Wilderen Luuk J. G. W. , Bredenbeck Jens 
Published: August 2015

AbstractUltrafast multidimensional infrared spectroscopy is a powerful method for resolving features of molecular structure and dynamics that are difficult or impossible to address with linear spectroscopy. Augmenting the IR pulse sequences by resonant or nonresonant UV, Vis, or NIR pulses considerably extends the range of application and creates techniques with possibilities far beyond a pure multidimensional IR experiment. These include surface‐specific 2D‐IR spectroscopy with sub‐monolayer sensitivity, ultrafast structure determination in non‐equilibrium systems, triggered exchange spectroscopy to correlate reactant and product bands, exploring the interplay of electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom, investigation of interactions between Raman‐ and IR‐active modes, imaging with chemical contrast, sub‐ensemble‐selective photochemistry, and even steering a reaction by selective IR excitation. We give an overview of useful mixed IR/non‐IR pulse sequences, discuss their differences, and illustrate their application potential.
Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of SrC(NH)3, a Nitrogen‐Based Carbonate Analogue with the Trinacria Motif
Authors: Missong Ronja , George Janine , Houben Andreas , Hoelzel Markus , Dronskowski Richard 
Published: August 2015

AbstractStrontium guanidinate, SrC(NH)3, the first compound with a doubly deprotonated guanidine unit, was synthesized from strontium and guanidine in liquid ammonia and characterized by X‐ray and neutron diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and density‐functional theory including harmonic phonon calculations. The compound crystallizes in the hexagonal space group P63/m, constitutes the nitrogen analogue of strontium carbonate, SrCO3, and its structure follows a layered motif between Sr2+ ions and complex anions of the type C(NH)32−; the anions adopt the peculiar trinacria shape. A comparison of theoretical phonons with experimental IR bands as well as quantum‐chemical bonding analyses yield a first insight into bonding and packing of the formerly unknown anion in the crystal.
Modeling flocks with perceptual agents from a dynamicist perspective
Authors: Pino Angel Zaldivar , Bedia Manuel Gonzalez , Serón Arbeloa Francisco José 
Published: August 2015

AbstractComputational simulations of flocks and crowds have typically been processed by a set of logic or syntactic rules. In recent decades, a new generation of systems has emerged from dynamicist approaches in which the agents and the environment are treated as a pair of dynamical systems coupled informationally and mechanically. Their spontaneous interactions allow them to achieve the desired behavior. The main proposition assumes that the agent does not need a full model or to make inferences before taking actions; rather, the information necessary for any action can be derived from the environment with simple computations and very little internal state. In this paper, we present a simulation framework in which the agents are endowed with a sensing device, an oscillator network as controller and actuators to interact with the environment. The perception device is designed as an optic array emulating the principles of the animal retina, which assimilates stimuli resembling optic flow to be captured from the environment. The controller modulates informational variables to action variables in a sensory‐motor flow. Our approach is based on the Kuramoto model that describes mathematically a network of coupled phase oscillators and the use of evolutionary algorithms, which is proved to be capable of synthesizing minimal synchronization strategies based on the dynamical coupling between agents and environment. We carry out a comparative analysis with classical implementations taking into account several criteria. It is concluded that we should consider replacing the metaphor of symbolic information processing by that of sensory‐motor coordination in problems of multi‐agent organizations. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predictors of restenosis following contemporary subintimal tracking and reentry technique: The importance of final TIMI flow grade
Authors: Carlino Mauro , Figini Filippo , Ruparelia Neil , Uretsky Barry F. , Godino Cosmo , Latib Azeem , Bertoldi Letizia , Brilakis Emmanouil , Karmpaliotis Dimitri , Antoniucci David , Margonato Alberto , Colombo Antonio 
Published: August 2015

ObjectivesTo identify predictors of restenosis after recanalization of chronic total occlusions (CTOs) with the Subintimal Tracking And Reentry (STAR) technique.BackgroundSTAR is associated with high rates of restenosis but the associated factors are not clear. Understanding the underlying mechanisms may be important to improve STAR outcomes and possibly other contemporary CTO recanalization techniques utilizing extensive subintimal dissection and stenting.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 211 lesions that underwent a STAR procedure (between 2002 and 2013) with a final Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade 2 or 3. One‐hundred and nineteen lesions that received drug eluting stents (DES) and underwent follow‐up angiography were included in the final analysis.ResultsOf the 119 lesions treated with DES following STAR, 75 restenoses were observed (63.0%). Utilizing multivariate analysis, TIMI flow grade in the recanalized artery following stent implantation at the end of the index procedure was the only independent predictor of restenosis.ConclusionsFollowing recanalization of a CTO with STAR, final TIMI flow predicted future restenosis or reocclusion. As a bailout technique, STAR resulted in a high acute success rate with good safety and acceptable long‐term results. When poor flow is observed following recanalization, and prior to stent implantation, a two‐step strategy whereby a second procedure is performed at an interval to maximize coronary flow at the end of the procedure may be considered with the goal to reduce the risk of future restenosis or total vessel occlusion following STAR. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Safety of an abbreviated duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (≤6 months) following second‐generation drug‐eluting stents for coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Ziada Khaled M. , Abdel‐Latif Ahmed , Charnigo Richard , Moliterno David J. 
Published: August 2015

BackgroundDual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is recommended for ≥12 months following coronary drug‐eluting stents (DES) to reduce risk of major adverse ischemic events. Randomized trials suggest an abbreviated DAPT duration (≤6 months) is adequately protective. However, these trials are individually underpowered to detect differences in rare but serious events such as stent thrombosis (ST).ObjectivesWe performed a meta‐analysis of published randomized trials to define the impact of abbreviated DAPT (≤6 months) on death, myocardial infarction (MI), stent thrombosis (ST), and bleeding complications compared to standard‐duration DAPT (≥12 months).MethodsSeven randomized controlled trials comparing abbreviated vs. standard DAPT regimens following DES use were identified by two independent investigators. Study characteristics were reviewed and clinical endpoint data were abstracted and analyzed in aggregate using fixed and random‐effects models.ResultsThe seven trials included 15,874 randomized patients. Second‐generation DES were used in most patients. Compared to standard‐duration DAPT, abbreviated DAPT was not associated with an increase in mortality (OR 0.93; CI: 0.73 to 1.17; P = 0.52), MI (OR 1.14; CI: 0.89 to 1.45; P = 0.30) or ST (OR 1.25; CI: 0.81 to 1.93; P = 0.31). Abbreviated DAPT was associated with significantly fewer major bleeding complications (OR 0.52; CI: 0.34 to 0.82; P = 0.005). The results were consistent between fixed and random‐effects models, with no heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses adjusting for inclusion of bare metal stents, 1st generation DES and/or abbreviated DAPT regimens of 3 months resulted in similar conclusions.ConclusionsIn a meta‐analysis of >15,000 patients primarily treated with second‐generation DES, abbreviated‐duration DAPT (≤6 months) was associated with a significant reduction in major bleeding complications with no evidence of a significant increase in risk of death, MI or ST. Accordingly, abbreviated DAPT should be strongly considered for patients receiving second generation DES . © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Design and Numerical Simulation Analysis of an Integrative Gas‐Liquid‐Solid Separation Hydrocyclone
Authors: Zhao Lixin , Li Yiqiang , Xu Baorui , Jiang Minghu 
Published: August 2015

AbstractNormally, a gas‐liquid‐solid separation includes both degassing and desanding processes, which means a relatively higher facility investment and larger energy consumption. Based on an inner‐cone hydrocyclone developed before, an integrative degassing and desanding hydrocyclone was designed. Its design idea and process are described in detail. By means of a hollow inner cone (IC), the separated liquid enters into the cone through holes on it and then flows to the liquid‐phase outlet. Due to integrative separation and tangential solid outlet, the separator has a more compact size. Simulation analysis of the effect of IC diameter and IC height on separation performance was carried out. Results indicate that with a larger IC diameter the gas content in the solid outlet decreases, while as the IC height rises, the gas content in the liquid outlet increases.
Modulare Verfahrenstechnik: Neue Anforderungen an die Apparateentwicklung
Authors: Grünewald Marcus , Heck Joachim 
Published: August 2015

AbstractModulare Anlagen in der Verfahrenstechnik wie z. B. Containeranlagen bieten interessante Perspektiven im Vergleich zu etablierten Produktionsanlagen für chemische oder pharmazeutische Prozesse. Für das Konzept der modularen Chemieanlagen sehr gut geeignete modulare Mikro‐bzw. Millireaktoren befinden sich in der Phase der Einführung in den Markt der Prozesstechnologien. Entsprechend hoch ist die Bedeutung von Referenzbeispielen im Produktionsmaßstab. Die Technologieplattform Mikro‐/Millireaktionstechnik erfüllt die Anforderungsprofile von Containeranlagen, was für beispielhaft ausgewähltes Equipment demonstriert wird.
Wandlungsfähige Produktionskonzepte: Flexibel, Mobil, Dezentral, Modular, Beschleunigt
Authors: Lier Stefan , Wörsdörfer Dominik , Grünewald Marcus 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDie Prozessindustrie stellt sich aktuell den Herausforderungen der globalen Wettbewerbsintensivierung, der zunehmenden Volatilitäten der Märkte, der steigenden Produktdifferenzierung und kürzeren Produktlebenszyklen. Vor diesem Hintergrund versprechen wandlungsfähige Produktionskonzepte durch ihren modularen Aufbau eine verbesserte Anpassung an diese dynamischen Randbedingungen in den Dimensionen Mengenausbringung, Produktvielfalt und Herstellungsort. Zudem sollen Planungs‐ und Entwicklungszeiten durch diese Konzepte beschleunigt werden. Es wird ein Überblick über den Stand der Technik dieser neuartigen Produktionskonzepte gegeben und Chancen und Risiken erörtet. Dabei wird auf alle Ebenen vom Apparat über die Anlage bis hin zur Logistik und entsprechenden Geschäftsmodellen eingegangen.
How many individuals will need to be screened to increase colorectal cancer screening prevalence to 80% by 2018?
Authors: Fedewa Stacey A. , Ma Jiemin , Sauer Ann Goding , Siegel Rebecca L. , Smith Robert A. , Wender Richard C. , Doroshenk Mary K. , Brawley Otis W. , Ward Elizabeth M. , Jemal Ahmedin 
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUNDA recent study estimates that 277,000 colorectal cancer (CRC) cases and 203,000 CRC deaths will be averted between 2013 and 2030 if the National Colorectal Cancer Roundtable goal of increasing CRC screening prevalence to 80% by 2018 is reached. However, the number of individuals who need to be screened (NNS) to achieve this goal is unknown. In this communication, the authors estimate the NNS to achieve 80% by 2018 nationwide and by state.METHODSThe authors estimated the NNS by subtracting adults aged 50 to 75 years who would need to be screened to achieve an 80% CRC screening prevalence from the number who are currently guideline‐compliant from population estimates for this age group. The 2013 National Health Interview Survey and the 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to estimate CRC screening prevalence and data from the US Census Bureau were used to estimate population projections. The NNS were age‐standardized and sex‐standardized.RESULTSNationwide, 24.39 million individuals (95% confidence interval, 24.37‐24.41 million) aged 50 to 75 years will need to be screened to achieve 80% by 2018. By state, the NNS ranged from 45,400 in Vermont to 2.72 million in California. The majority of individuals who need to be screened are aged 50 to 64 years and the largest subgroup is privately insured.CONCLUSIONSThe authors estimated that at least 24.4 million additional individuals in the United States will need to be screened to achieve the National Colorectal Cancer Roundtable goal of increasing CRC screening prevalence to 80% by 2018. To reach this goal, improving facilitators of CRC screening, including physician recommendation and patient awareness, is needed. Cancer 2015;121:4258–4265. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Bayesian analysis of color preferences: An application for product and product line design
Authors: Choi Patrick , Orsborn Seth , Boatwright Peter 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWhen choosing which colors to offer in their product lines, firms often rely upon consumer preference models that do not account for the heterogeneity of their target market and do not consider the trade‐offs consumers are willing to make for different color options. For this research we used visual conjoint analysis to assess preference for backpack color and then modeled respondent utilities with a Bayesian hierarchal multinomial logit model. This provided counter intuitive results in which product line color options are not additive but each color changes depending on the number of options the firm is willing to offer and that colors which seem to dominate secondary preferences within a target market may not be the best colors to choose for product line expansion. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 41, 445–456, 2016
Synthesis, X‐Ray Structure, Magnetic Properties, and a Study of Intra/Intermolecular Radical–Radical Interactions of a Triradical TEMPO Compound
Authors: Lloveras Vega , Badetti Elena , Wurst Klaus , Vidal‐Gancedo José 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA novel triradical compound with a P=S core and three branches functionalized with 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO) radicals is synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 31P NMR, and EPR spectroscopy and MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry, and its chemical structure is confirmed by X‐ray diffraction analysis. The triradical shows neither spin exchange interactions between its radical units nor detectable dipolar interactions. This is consistent with the separation between the radical units found in its X‐ray diffraction structure, and discounts the existence of intramolecular interactions. This conclusion is confirmed by an EPR concentration study. The concentration at which intermolecular interactions start to appear is determined (5×10−3 m) and this concentration should be taken into account as a higher concentration limit when studies on intramolecular radical–radical interactions in polyradicals with similar structure are required. SQUID magnetometry analysis of the compound shows antiferromagnetic interactions between the spin carriers of different molecules; that is, antiferromagnetic intermolecular interactions.
Therapeutic Targeting of microRNAs in Cancer: Future Perspectives
Authors: Tutar Lütfi , Tutar Esen , Özgür Aykut , Tutar Yusuf 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Preclinical Research

The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) and their link with cancer has opened a new era in cancer therapeutics. Approximately, 18 − 24 nucleotides long, miRNAs can up‐regulate or down‐regulate gene expression in many cancer types and are respectively categorized as oncogenes (oncomirs) or tumor suppressors. Expression profiles of miRNAs with biomarker potential can be used for the classification, diagnosis, therapeutic treatment, and prognosis of different cancer types. miRNA mimics and miRNA antagonists are the two main approaches to miRNA‐based cancer therapies that respectively inhibit oncomirs or restore the expression of tumor suppressive miRNAs. This review serves to provide some general insight into miRNA biogenesis, cancer related miRNAs, and miRNA therapeutics. Drug Dev Res 76 : 382–388, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of changing climate on aquatic habitat and connectivity for remnant populations of a wide‐ranging frog species in an arid landscape
Authors: Pilliod David S. , Arkle Robert S. , Robertson Jeanne M. , Murphy Melanie A. , Funk W. Chris 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAmphibian species persisting in isolated streams and wetlands in desert environments can be susceptible to low connectivity, genetic isolation, and climate changes. We evaluated the past (1900–1930), recent (1981–2010), and future (2071–2100) climate suitability of the arid Great Basin (USA) for the Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris) and assessed whether changes in surface water may affect connectivity for remaining populations. We developed a predictive model of current climate suitability and used it to predict the historic and future distribution of suitable climates. We then modeled changes in surface water availability at each time period. Finally, we quantified connectivity among existing populations on the basis of hydrology and correlated it with interpopulation genetic distance. We found that the area of the Great Basin with suitable climate conditions has declined by approximately 49% over the last century and will likely continue to decline under future climate scenarios. Climate conditions at currently occupied locations have been relatively stable over the last century, which may explain persistence at these sites. However, future climates at these currently occupied locations are predicted to become warmer throughout the year and drier during the frog's activity period (May – September). Fall and winter precipitation may increase, but as rain instead of snow. Earlier runoff and lower summer base flows may reduce connectivity between neighboring populations, which is already limited. Many of these changes could have negative effects on remaining populations over the next 50–80 years, but milder winters, longer growing seasons, and wetter falls might positively affect survival and dispersal. Collectively, however, seasonal shifts in temperature, precipitation, and stream flow patterns could reduce habitat suitability and connectivity for frogs and possibly other aquatic species inhabiting streams in this arid region.
Warming decreased and grazing increased plant uptake of amino acids in an alpine meadow
Authors: Ma Shuang , Zhu Xiaoxue , Zhang Jing , Zhang Lirong , Che Rongxiao , Wang Fang , Liu Hanke , Niu Haishan , Wang Shiping , Cui Xiaoyong 
Published: August 2015

AbstractOrganic nitrogen (N) uptake by plants has been recognized as a significant component of terrestrial N cycle. Several studies indicated that plants have the ability to switch their preference between inorganic and organic forms of N in diverse environments; however, research on plant community response in organic nitrogen uptake to warming and grazing is scarce. Here, we demonstrated that organic N uptake by an alpine plant community decreased under warming with 13C–15N‐enriched glycine addition method. After 6 years of treatment, warming decreased plant organic N uptake by 37% as compared to control treatment. Under the condition of grazing, warming reduced plant organic N uptake by 44%. Grazing alone significantly increased organic N absorption by 15%, whereas under warming condition grazing did not affect organic N uptake by the Kobresia humilis community on Tibetan Plateau. Besides, soil NO3–N content explained more than 70% of the variability observed in glycine uptake, and C:N ratio in soil dissolved organic matter remarkably increased under warming treatment. These results suggested warming promoted soil microbial activity and dissolved organic N mineralization. Grazing stimulated organic N uptake by plants, which counteracted the effect of warming.
Covalent Attachment of Thiophene Groups to Polyoxomolybdates or Poly­oxotungstates for the Formation of Hybrid Films
Authors: Saad Ali , Anwar Nargis , Rousseau Guillaume , Mialane Pierre , Marrot Jérôme , Haouas Mohamed , Taulelle Francis , Mc Cormac Timothy , Dolbecq Anne 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA novel bisphosphonate ligand bearing a thiophene group (AleThio) was synthesized and its covalent grafting to polyoxometalates (POMs) investigated. The hybrid polyoxomolybdate [(Mo3O8)4(O3PC(O)(C3H6NH2CH2C4H3S)PO3)4]8– [Mo12(AleThio)4] was synthesized in water by the reaction of Na2MoO4 with AleThio. It is built of four {MoVI3O8} units connected by phosphonate groups around a central Na+ ion. The reaction of the trivacant [PW9O34]9– units with CoII or NiII ions in the presence of AleThio led to the sandwich‐type anions [(PW9O34)2(OH)2(H2O)4M7(O3PC(O)(C3H6NH2CH2C4H3S)PO3)2]14– [M = Ni, Co; M7(AleThio)2]. Salts soluble in organic solvent were prepared by cation‐exchange with bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium ions. 31P NMR spectroscopy showed that Mo12(AleThio)4 is stable in acidic medium (pH ≤ 4) while the M7(AleThio)2 POMs are stable in alkaline medium (6 ≤ pH ≤ 13). Their cyclovoltammograms were recorded in solution. Attempts to surface immobilize the POMs through homo‐polymerization were unsuccessful but co‐polymerization employing 3‐methylthiophene led to polymeric films with covalently attached POMs.