bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model for shaping well-being and healthy habits at work through tailored physical activity among employees working remotely or in a hybrid mode resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic organisational changes: Study protocol
Authors: Paluszak Adam , Molek-Winiarska Dorota , Chomątowska Barbara , Winiarski Sławomir 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: This study aims to create a comprehensive model for shaping well-being and healthy habits at work through tailored training in physical activity among remote workers.
Methods: The project will consist of an experimental study with a control group and two experimental samples in which general or tailored physical activity training will be conducted. It is assumed that both types of physical activity (general and tailored) might reduce musculoskeletal problems and presenteeism and improve well-being in a short time. However, a tailored type of training, prepared to reduce pain in specific muscles associated with long-term sedentary work, along with a detailed explanation of how exercises influence the muscles, will allow the development of healthy work habits and decrease negative symptoms in a long-term period. Therefore, short-term effects on well-being, presenteeism and musculoskeletal problems will be tested immediately after training and long-term ones – three months after the end of the training. Well-being at work, presenteeism, work habits and workstations will be measured using research questionnaires. The level of musculoskeletal complaints will also be assessed using a standardised questionnaire specifying the location and the level of pain caused by the ailments. In addition, objective assessment tools will be used – electromyography (measuring the level of fatigue of specific muscles) and myotonometry (determining the level of muscle stiffness).
Discussion: It is expected that physical activity will increase the level of well-being, reduce the level of presenteeism and reduce the subjective feeling of musculoskeletal ailments after finishing the training. However, tailored training is assumed to reduce muscle strain and overload more than general training. Also, subjects from the tailored training group are expected to continue exercising after finishing the program. This can ultimately impact overall well-being and increase work productivity. The project may establish a comprehensive model that fosters well-being and cultivates healthy work habits through personalised physical activity regimens for employees.
Trial registration
The study has been submitted for registration at Austrialian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ANZCTR) and is waiting for a registration number to be assigned. The request number: 386802.
Classifying different types of solar wind plasma with uncertainty estimations using machine learning
Authors: Narock Thomas , Pal Sanchita , Arsham Aryana , Narock Ayris , Nieves-Chinchilla Teresa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Decades of in-situ solar wind measurements have clearly established variations in solar wind physical parameters. These variable parameters have been used to classify the solar wind magnetized plasma into different types with several classification schemes being developed using these parameters. These classification schemes, while useful for understanding the solar wind’s originating processes at the Sun and early detection of space weather events, have left open questions regarding which physical parameters are most useful for classification and how recent advances in our understanding of solar wind transients impact classification. In this work, we use neural networks trained with different solar wind magneticand plasma characteristics to automatically classify the solar wind in coronal hole, streamer belt, sector reversal and solar transients such as coronal mass ejections comprised of both magnetic obstacles and sheaths. Furthermore, our work demonstrates how probabilistic neural networks can enhance classification by including a measure of prediction uncertainty. Our work also provides a ranking of the parameters that lead to an improved classification scheme with∼ 96% accuracy. Our new scheme paves the way for incorporating uncertainty estimates into space weather forecasting with the potential to be implemented on real-time solar wind data.
miRNA-microbiome interplay is related to Bos indicus feed efficiency
Authors: De Oliveira Priscila Silva  Neubern , Andrade Bruno Gabriel Nascimento , Cardoso Tainã Ferreira , Conteville Liliane Costa , Pena Gabriel Alexander  Colmenarez , Malago Wilson , Bruscadin Jennifer Jéssica , Pascoal Juliana Jorge , Almeida Lauro Fraga , Josahkian Luiz Antônio , Ventura Henrique Torres , Maciel Giovana Alcantara , Mourão Gerson Barreto , Coutinho Luiz Lhemann , Reecy James Mark , Regitano Luciana Correia de Almeida 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The fecal microbiome is emerging as an essential component of the gut microbiota and host metabolism, whereas in cattle, fecal microbiome characterization is still needed. Recent evidence indicates that small RNAs, such as miRNAs, may be isolated from feces and involved in host–microbe interactions. In this study, fecal samples were collected from the rectal ampulla of Nelore bulls phenotypic divergent for residual feed intake (RFI). miRNA sequencing and 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4 region) were performed to reveal the associations between host miRNAs and microbiome composition and their relationships with the feed efficiency phenotype. Among the 162 identified fecal miRNAs, seven were more expressed in the inefficient group: bta-miR-27b, bta-miR-30a, bta-miR-126, bta-miR-143, bta-miR-155, bta-miR-205 and bta-miR-196a. Using metabarcoding sequencing, we identified 5,005 bacterial ASVs, and after filtering, we used 357 ASVs in subsequent analyzes. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify miRNA and microbiome interactions. We observed significant correlations between fecal miRNA expression and microbiota composition. The differentially expressed fecal miRNAs were correlated with some taxa as Prevotella, Anaerorhabdus furcosa, Bifidobacterium, Bacillales, Succinispira mobilis, Peptostreptococcaceae and Coriobacteriaceae, suggesting that they may play a role in the expression of feed efficiency-related miRNAs. Our results provide a new perspective for exploring host-microbiome interactions that affect FE traits. Taken together, these results point to miRNAs and taxa identified here as potential regulators of feed efficiency, which may provide the knowledge needed to develop future strategies to manipulate the microbiome.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Stroke: Clinical Manifestations and Pathophysiological Insights in a Brazilian Stroke Center
Authors: de Oliveira Francisco Tomaz Meneses , Gagliardi Rubens Jose 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction: More than three years into the ongoing pandemic, cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs), commonly known as strokes,have been extensively documented as a potential complication of COVID-19. Methods: Between the first and second epidemiologicalwaves of deaths, our service recorded 1,461 cases of acute respiratory syndrome with positive tests for the COVID-19 virus.During the same period, 595 patients were reported with hospitalizations/complications related to cerebrovascular syndromes.The study included a cohort of 17 patients experiencing cerebrovascular incidents, with ischemic strokes in 10 cases andhemorrhagic strokes in 7 cases. Results: The mean age was 59.8 years with a standard deviation of 14.6 years, and there was aslight female predominance with 9 female patients (52.9%). A substantial majority, 88.2%, were residents of São Paulo. It isnoteworthy that the patients with neurovascular syndrome included in the study primarily presented with symptomscharacteristic of an influenza-like syndrome (fever and cough in 64% of the cases, dyspnea in 53% of the cases), and none reportedanosmia or hyposmia as a primary complaint initially. Concerning cardiovascular risk factors, the following conditions wereassociated with cerebrovascular events: hypertension was present in 64.7% of cases, diabetes mellitus in 52.9%, active smoking in23.5%, chronic kidney disease in 11.8%, and obesity in 11.8%. Another remarkable observation from the evaluation of the selectedpatients, which has become a common finding in epidemiological studies on strokes and COVID-19, is the high rate of patientsrequiring hospitalization (88.2%). Of these hospitalized individuals, 80% required intensive care unit (ICU) support. In our caseseries, all of these (100%) presented with severe COVID-19 infection, secondary bacterial infection, as well as the necessity formechanical ventilation. Furthermore, of those admitted to the ICU, 73.3% developed acute kidney injury requiring hemodialysis,and a similar proportion succumbed to the illness (73.3%). Conclusion: Based on current evidence, the causal relationship betweencerebrovascular events and COVID-19 remains inconclusive. However, it is important to remain vigilant regarding well-establishedfacts, such as the presence of acute inflammation in response to COVID-19 infection.
Perception of Computer Cognitive Test Among Users and Clinical Observers
Authors: Yeh Yi-Chun , Jhang Kai-Ming , Kuan Yi-Chun , Wang Wen-Fu , Hu Chaur-Jong , Huang Mei-Feng , Chen Cheng-Sheng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Computerized measurement tools for cognitive screening can be administered in a clinical setting or at home with or without supervision. Users’ perceptions of these tools could influence their acceptance of such self-screening tool. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of users and clinical observers regarding the Cogstate Brief Battery (CBB).
Methods
A self-reported 11-item survey consisting of three dimensions of perception - time consumption, self-efficacy, and empowerment was used to gather the perceptions of users with normal cognition and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The perceptions of clinical observers were collected via a separate 8-item survey for all test participants. Items were scored using 5-Liker scale, and “strongly agree” and “agree” were grouped as the positive perception.
Results
Among users with normal cognition and MCI, the overall positive perception rate was 79.4% (normal cognition: 84.0%; MCI: 75.0%). Positive perception rates for time consumption, self-efficacy, and empowerment were 60.8%, 67.6%, and 83.3%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that self-efficacy perception correlated with education level (p=0.024) and card familiarity (p=0.009). Clinical observers reported high positive perception rates of 83.3% for both time consumption and interface usability. Only 8.3% of clinical observers found the instructions easy to understand for participants with dementia and 16.7% would recommend home self-assessment for these individuals.
Conclusions
Users without dementia generally perceived the CBB positively, although lower education and card familiarity were correlated with reduced self-efficacy perception. This study highlighted the need for supervision when utilizing the CBB with dementia patients, emphasizing the importance of tailored support for diverse user groups.
Three-dimensional numerical analysis of the thermo-aerodynamic characteristics of air- plane solar collectors and improving thermal efficiency through baffle design: a comparative CFD study
Authors: Amraoui Mohammed Amine 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This work consists of an aerodynamic and thermal study of four types of flat air solar collectors equipped with different baffles and which are: the solar collector with baffles in a triangular shape (SCTS), the solar collector with baffles in a small V shape (SCSV), the solar collector with large V baffles (SCLV) and Solar collector with transverse baffles in a triangular shape (SCTBTS). We used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to provide a set of results on the velocity and temperature fields that resolve the turbulence in the air stream for the three models studied. The introduction of baffles to the air stream will cause an increase in speed and turbulence which improves heat transfer between the absorber and the heat transfer fluid.
Characteristics of the seeds and cones of Serbian spruce - indicators of species endangerment
Authors: Mataruga Milan , Bosančić Borut , Cvjetković Branislav 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

A significant amount of existing research indicates a persistent trend of declining populations and trees of the Serbian spruce (Picea omorika/Pančić/Purkyně), a tertiary relict, rare, endangered, and protected species. Understanding the characteristics of cones and seeds, along with the analysis of intra- and inter-population variability, is crucial for identifying the reasons for this decline and implementing in situ and ex situ conservation measures to preserve this species. During 2022/23 (autumn/spring), cones were collected from 111 trees of this species. The trees are distributed across seven natural populations and one urban population in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Immediately after collection, the cones were measured, processed, seeds were extracted, and germination tests were conducted. Significant differences among the tested trees and populations were found for all measured cone traits. The germination results indicate very low seed viability, averaging 57,03% for all tested trees, with the percentage of empty seeds at 26,85%. Significant differences in germination were also observed at the population level, ranging from 20,40% to 81,14%, with the percentage of empty seeds ranging from 8,10% to 59,60%. The results suggest that endangered populations with a small number of trees have significantly smaller cones, a higher percentage of empty seeds, and lower germination rates. Such a low germination rate in natural populations of Serbian spruce indicates the need for urgent actions to protect this species and assist its natural regeneration (in situ), as well as to establish plantations outside its natural range (ex situ conservation).
Impact of interannual variation in surface heat flux on the variability of the upper layer circulation in the East Sea (Sea of Japan)
Authors: Kim Daehyuk , Shin Hong-Ryeol , Moon Jae-Hong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The Intrinsic variability in the East Sea (Sea of Japan), excluding the influence of external forcings on interannual variation, is distributed mainly in the southern region, especially in the Ulleung and Yamato Basins. In this study, the effects of interannual variations in surface heat flux on upper layer circulation in the East Sea are analyzed via numerical experiments. The interannual variations in the surface heat flux amplify variability in the Yamato Basin, not in the Ulleung Basin. The variability in the water temperature in the northern region is highly correlated with the variability in the surface heat flux with one month time lag. Winter surface cooling facilitates cold water formation in the northern regions, and it extends toward the Yamato Basin. As the cold water region expands (contracts), the meandering (straight) path of the Tsushima Warm Current flows northeastward due to increasing baroclinic instability. However, the surface heat flux does not significantly impact the separation latitude of the East Korea Warm Current. Instead, the separation latitude of the East Korea Warm Current is influenced primarily by strong winter positive wind stress curl anomalies in the northern region and greatly affects the southward flow of cold water along the Korean coast.
The experimental hut efficacy of next-generation insecticide-treated nets (Interceptor G2, Royal Guard and PermaNet 3.0) against wild free-flying pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors after 12, 24 and 36 months of household use in Benin
Authors: Agbevo Abel , Syme Thomas , Fagbohoun Josias , Fongnikin Augustin , Ahoga Juniace , Accrombessi Manfred , Protopopoff Natacha , Cook Jackie , Churcher Thomas S , Padonou Gil G , Sovi Arthur , Ahogni Idelphonse , Govoetchan Renaud , Todjinou Damien , Akogbeto Martin , Ngufor Corine 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background Cluster-randomised controlled trials (cluster-RCTs) have demonstrated variation in the epidemiological efficacy of different next-generation insecticide-treated net (ITN) types, with some providing shorter-lived impact than others. Further studies are needed to assess changes in the insecticidal durability of these ITNs over time to complement cluster-RCT results.Methods We performed a series of experimental hut trials to evaluate the bioefficacy of new and field-aged next-generation ITNs (PermaNet® 3.0, Royal Guard®, Interceptor® G2) compared to a pyrethroid-only net (Interceptor®) against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors in Covè, southern Benin. Field-aged nets were withdrawn from households at 12, 24 and 36 months. Net pieces cut from whole ITNs were analysed for chemical content, and susceptibility bioassays were performed during each trial to assess changes in insecticide resistance in the Covè vector population.Results Interceptor® G2 induced superior mosquito mortality than the other ITNs across all time points. The improved mortality with Interceptor® G2 compared to Interceptor® was evident across all time points but was greater with new nets (odds ratio (OR) = 8.6, 95% CI: [7.4, 10.1]) than field-aged nets (OR = 2.5, 95% CI: [1.8, 3.5] at 12 months, OR = 2.4, 95% CI: [1.6, 3.7] at 24 months and OR = 2.9, 95% CI: [1.6, 5.1] at 36 months). New Royal Guard® reduced mosquito fertility compared to the other ITNs, but this improvement fell after field-ageing, particularly at 24 months when it was similar to Interceptor® (11% vs 3%, p = 0.08). When new, mortality was significantly higher with PermaNet® 3.0 compared to Interceptor® (OR = 3.6, 95% CI: [3.0, 4.2]); however, this benefit was lost with field-aged nets at 12 months (OR = 1.1, 95% CI: [0.8, 1.5]) and 24 months (OR = 0.6, 95% CI: [0.4, 0.9]). Retention of the non-pyrethroid compound in next-generation nets was low after 36 months (27% for PermaNet® 3.0, 26% for Royal Guard® and 15% Interceptor® G2).Conclusions Interceptor® G2 outperformed the other ITNs, confirming the superiority of pyrethroid-chlorfenapyr nets over other net types. When new, all next-generation ITNs showed superior bioefficacy compared to Interceptor®; however, the size of this improvement fell after field-ageing due to poor durability of the non-pyrethroid compound. These findings emphasise the need to enhance the insecticidal durability of next-generation ITNs.
Two modes of terrestrial phosphide formation
Authors: Galuskin Evgeny , Galuskina Irina , Vapnik Yevgeny , Kusz Joachim , Marciniak-Maliszewska Beata , Zieliński Grzegorz 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In anorthite-diopside-tridymite paralava of the Hatrurim Complex, Daba-Siwaqa, Jordan, phosphides from two facies environments were found. Large xenomorphic phosphide aggregates, presented by minerals of the barringerite-transjordanite series, murashkoite and zuktamrurite, were noted at the intimate contact of the paralava with the host rocks. Moreover, the contact facies of the paralava, composed of large diopside crystals up to 1 cm in size and cemented by hydrosilicates, zeolites and calcite, are enriched in phosphides. In the contact facies, it was possible to observe pseudomorphs of barringerite and murashkoite after fish bones and inclusions of minute needle-like barringerite crystals in diopside with morphological manifestations of the simultaneous crystallization of these minerals. In the central part of the weakly altered paralava with abundant amygdules, two nodules containing ore minerals were detected. In the first nodule, barringerite and schreibersite were found; the second contained nickelphosphide. In this paper we discuss the hypothesis that phosphides at the contact facies of the paralava formed as a result of reducing carbothermal reactions with the participation of thermally altered and graphitized fish-bone remains as a source of carbon and phosphorus and oxidised pyrite framboids as an iron source: Fe2O3 + 3C = 2Fe(lq) + 3CO(g), 2Ca5(PO4)3F + 14C = 3P2(g) + 14CO(g) + 10CaO + F2(g) and nFe(lq) +1/2P2(g) = FenP, where n = ½, 1, 2, 3. The process of phosphide formation during hot paralava injection, the temperature of which exceeded 1400°C, into previously altered host rocks with contamination of material containing bone remains, took place in a small volume in a kinetic mode, which led to the preservation of the primary form of bone remains when they were replaced by phosphides. The formation of phosphides in the central part of the paralava occurred with the participation of gases that transported phosphorus reduced as a result of carbothermal reactions. The phosphorous was absorbed by drops of metal or sulphide melt, which led to the formation of phosphides.
Effect of AVL-based time-domain analysis on torsional vibration of engine shafting
Authors: Wang Xiaojie 
Published: August 2024

The torsional vibration of the shaft system in hybrid car engines has a significant impact on the overall performance of the vehicle, and it is more complex in hybrid cars compared to traditional cars. Traditional methods for torsional vibration analysis of shaft systems have significant limitations and cannot handle nonlinear and transient problems. To explore the torsional vibration characteristics of hybrid vehicle shaft systems, a simplified engine shaft system torsional vibration equivalent model is innovatively constructed. In addition, a method for quickly determining the confidence level of the torsional vibration equivalent model is proposed. Additionally, the transient dynamic characteristics of a multi-body dynamics model containing a dual mass flywheel are analyzed in depth using the time-domain solver of AVL-exact PU. The results demonstrated that the simulation of 4th and 6th harmonics resonated at critical speeds of 4,195 rpm and 2,771 rpm, respectively, with angular displacement amplitudes of 0.141 deg and 0.047 deg. In fact, resonance was measured at 4,250 rpm and 3,040 rpm, with amplitudes of 0.14 deg and 0.052 deg. These two were basically consistent in key parameters. When the shaft model was started under operating conditions, the amplitudes of harmonics 1, 2, and 4 were basically consistent below 750 rpm, and there were slight differences after 750 rpm. Therefore, the AVL-based engine torsional vibration simulation model constructed has high credibility.
Water availability: spatially distributed analysis and evaluation of input variables
Authors: Aragón-Hernández José Luis , Hernández González Luis Armando , Salas de León David Alberto , González Villarreal Fernando Jorge 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

The simplicity of the water balance equation contrasts with the difficulty of determining the value of each of the variables involved, especially in basins with few or no records. At the same time, the determination of water availability at large temporal and spatial scales does not identify the regions with the highest pressure on it, so it is of interest for the development of water management and use plans to know the spatial variation precipitation (the principal source of water), evapotranspiration (the primary precipitation loss), as well as water demand. This study applies the water balance equation to determine the spatially distributed water availability. Methods for calculating evapotranspiration (Turc and Thornthwaite) and runoff (curve number, runoff coefficient, and Thornthwaite monthly calibration) are compared. The results show differences between the mountainous and rainy areas of the basin. The low area near the sea is flatter, has less rainfall, and concentrates most of the agricultural activity. The latter are areas with water scarcity, although, on average, the entire basin has water availability.