bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are You Staring at the Size of My Gimmick? Applying Burlesque Conventions to a Different Anatomy
Authors: Whitehead Jay 
Published: April 2014

Abstract: A former “boylesque” performer explores his personal experiences within the Toronto-based male burlesque company Boylesque TO, examining the presentation of male bodies in traditional and contemporary burlesque. Can men in Burlesque reclaim aesthetic dignity for the male body through the emulation of a traditionally female art form, or does their presence in the burlesque community simply serve to further “expose” the male physique, in all its shapes and sizes, to socialized reactions from its audience? In popular culture, and the performing arts, the performer’s penis remains a source of shock or hilarity, a symbol of depravity or comedy. Does its presence in a traditionally female performance style simply encourage this further, remaining appropriate for only size-jokes or covered eyes, or can it help the male member become a truly sensual object in the spirit of traditional burlesque?
An Interview with Alex Tigchelaar, Formerly Sasha Van Bon Bon of The Scandelles
Authors: Butler Alexis 
Published: April 2014

Abstract: Alex Tigchelaar, formerly Sasha Van Bon Bon of the Toronto neo-burlesque collective The Scandelles, discusses the early days of Toronto neo-burlesque, her classy vagina, social renegades & queering history, sobriety, and other stops on her journey towards artistic confidence.
“You’re Just a Stripper that Came Out of a Time Machine”: Operation Snatch’s Queer World-Making and Sex-Working Class Politics
Authors: Mann Sarah 
Published: April 2014

Abstract: This essay explores the queer world of Toronto’s Operation Snatch (formerly known as The Scandelles), focusing in particular on two of their productions related to sex work, Les Demimondes and Neon Nightz. The essay details the performances, which focus on prostitution and exotic dance, respectively, and discusses whether performances about sex work ought to be considered queer performance art. Arguing that Operation Snatch’s performances constitute “queer world-making,” this essay considers how Operation Snatch leverages affect to engage their audiences in the composition of a queer “world” that critiques popular and burlesque images of sex workers, in which their critical self-representations as sex workers can come to life. By adapting burlesque’s ironic “gaze back” to the “world-making” capacities of cabaret, Operation Snatch produces sex work-related performances that can critique sex workers’ marginalization in both popular and burlesque culture.
Preparation and characterization of boron nitride/carbon fiber composite with high specific surface area
Authors: Sun Yan , Yuan Songdong , Xiong Kun , Hu Kunpeng , Luo Yi , Fan Mingwen , Li Dong 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Boron nitride can be used as a good catalyst carrier because of its high thermal conductivity and chemical stability. However, a high specific surface area of boron nitride is still desirable. In this work, a carbon fiber composite coated with boron nitride villous nano-film was prepared, and was also characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis. The results indicated that the carbon fibers were covered by uniform villous boron nitride films whose thickness was about 150 – 200 nm. The specific surface area of the boron nitride/carbon fiber composite material was 96 m2 g−1, which was markedly improved compared with conventional boron nitride materials
Investigation of low k interfacial layer characteristics of LaAlO3 thin films grown on Si (100)
Authors: Wang Dong-Sheng 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Amorphous LaAlO3 thin films were deposited on bare Si substrates using RF-magnetron sputtering at room temperature. A post-annealing process was performed in O2 atmosphere at 650 °C for 30 min. The annealed films have a high-quality amorphous structure with faceted surface and uniform thickness. Smaller roughness of about 0.197 nm was observed. By analyzing the interfacial structure of the films, we confirmed that O2 annealing causes the formation of a low k (∼ 6.57) La and Al silicate phase with high-quality interface and surface. Unlike most previous studies, our results show the possibility of the formation of a relatively low k interfacial layer for LaAlO3 thin films during the thermal processing required by complementary metal oxide semiconductor applications.
Dietary Patterns as Predictors of Body Fat and BMI in Women: A Factor Analytic Study
Authors: Tucker Larry A. , Tucker Jared M. , Bailey Bruce W. , LeCheminant James D. 
Published: April 2014

Purpose. To identify independent patterns of diet using factor analysis to determine the extent to which dietary patterns account for differences in body fat percentage (BF%) and body mass index (BMI). Also, to ascertain the extent to which the associations are influenced by age, education, menopause, energy intake, and physical activity. Design. Study design was cross-sectional. Setting. Study setting was approximately 20 cities in the Mountain West. Subjects. The study included 281 apparently healthy female nonsmokers. Measures. Diet was assessed using 7-day weighed food records, and foods were categorized using the American Diabetes and American Dietetic Associations Exchange Lists and expressed as servings per 1000 kcal. BF% was measured using the Bod Pod, and physical activity was estimated using accelerometers worn for 1 week. Analysis. We used factor analysis, general linear models, and partial correlations. Results. Three dietary patterns were identified: (1) Prudent Pattern, (2) Low-fat Milk, and (3) Meat. Higher consumption of the Prudent Pattern corresponded with significantly lower BF% (F = 8.5, p = .0038) and BMI (F = 4.4, p = .0363). The Low-fat Milk pattern was inversely related to BF% (F= 5.4, p = .0207) and BMI (F= 9.5, p = .0023). Higher intake of the Meat pattern was related to higher levels of BF% (F= 4.5, p= .0346) and BMI (F= 4.2, p = .0418). Conclusion. These findings support an association between dietary patterns and body composition. Dietary patterns reflect the complex interrelationships inherent in day-to-day eating and are strongly related to differences in BF% and BMI in women.
Les démarches décisionnelles incrémentales dans les systèmes complexes : Le cas des politiques publiques dans le système de la propriété intellectuelle
Authors: Bérard Céline 
Published: April 2014

L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser les démarches décisionnelles mises en oeuvre dans un système complexe, en se centrant sur le développement de nouvelles politiques publiques. Des entretiens individuels ont été menés auprès de quarante décideurs politiques, dans le cadre d’une expérimentation portant sur le système de la propriété intellectuelle. Les résultats montrent que, dans ce système, les décideurs suivent des démarches décisionnelles qui rejoignent les modèles d’incrémentalisme disjoint ou logique. Ces démarches peuvent toutefois varier sur trois aspects : l’existence ou non d’activités diplomatiques externes, le recours ou non à des cas décisionnels similaires, la nature des objectifs poursuivis.
Recent global temperature “plateau” in the context of a new proxy reconstruction
Authors: Crowley Thomas J. , Obrochta Stephen P. , Liu Junhua 
Published: April 2014

AbstractStable global temperatures of the last 10–15 years have been a topic of considerable discussion. A new proxy extension of the global temperature record enables better placement of this feature in a longer historical perspective. The fixed‐grid composite covers the interval 1801–1984, with an extension to 1782, and anchors the global temperature record in the last major cold interval of the Little Ice Age, when carbon dioxide concentration was at preanthropogenic levels. Except for greater and longer cooling (approximately twice the length of Pinatubo) associated with the Tambora eruption, the proxy agrees with the most widely cited previous assessment of global temperature over this interval, lending more confidence to a centennial extension of the global temperature record. The proxy correlation is as high as 0.83 for the interval 1907–1984 (df = 8, p = 0.001), with the 21st century 1.0°C ± 0.2°C warmer than the nonvolcanic base state. This remarkable linearity requires a clear theoretical understanding as to how an exceedingly complex system can, on the global average, behave in such a simple way. Removal of the linear radiatively forced component from the global temperature record yields an estimate of natural variability for the last 230 years and indicates no unusual natural variability during the recent 10–15 years. Based on the estimate of unforced variability over the last 170 years, there is about a 40% chance of continued “natural cooling” over the next few years, with about a 10% chance of cooling persisting into the next decade.
Three‐dimensional mantle circulations and lateral slab deformation in the southern Chilean subduction zone
Authors: Lin Shu‐Chuan 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe along‐strike variation in plate properties is a common feature in the subduction zones. The southern Chilean subduction is a notable example where the slab age and length, and the thickness of the overriding plate, vary substantially in the trench‐parallel direction. In this study the combined effects of these factors are examined using regional subduction zone models. In the models lateral slab deformation and along‐arc pressure gradient in the mantle occur in response to the differential slab retrograde motion due to variations in slab buoyancy and slab strength. The lower portion of the deep segments acts as a slab edge in part, while rollback of the neighboring, shallower segments influences the toroidal motion induced by the adjacent deep segments. These factors together give rise to complex flow patterns and lead to a great extent of trench‐parallel components in the mantle wedge and subslab mantle and significant upwelling in the back arc. Mantle circulations are characterized by variable length scales for both toroidal and poloidal motions extending over ~ 1500 km. Such three‐dimensional circulations may lead to complicated patterns of seismic anisotropy. The upwelling may result in decompression melting to cause the extensive Patagonian plateau basalts. Our model results indicate that certain segments of the Antarctic slab reach at least 100 km depth. The trajectories of passive tracers show intricate patterns such as helical streamlines and suggest that a recent input from the adjacent subduction zone for slab‐derived components of lavas from the Chilean Ridge cannot be ruled out.
Intercomparison of field measurements of nitrous acid (HONO) during the SHARP campaign
Authors: Pinto J. P. , Dibb J. , Lee B. H. , Rappenglück B. , Wood E. C. , Levy M. , Zhang R.‐Y. , Lefer B. , Ren X.‐R. , Stutz J. , Tsai C. , Ackermann L. , Golovko J. , Herndon S. C. , Oakes M. , Meng Q.‐Y. , Munger J. W. , Zahniser M. , Zheng J. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBecause of the importance of HONO as a radical reservoir, consistent and accurate measurements of its concentration are needed. As part of SHARP (Study of Houston Atmospheric Radical Precursors), time series of HONO were obtained by six different measurement techniques on the roof of the Moody Tower at the University of Houston. Techniques used were long path differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS), stripping coil‐visible absorption photometry (SC‐AP), long path absorption photometry (LOPAP®), mist chamber/ion chromatography (MC‐IC), quantum cascade‐tunable infrared laser differential absorption spectroscopy (QC‐TILDAS), and ion drift‐chemical ionization mass spectrometry (ID‐CIMS). Various combinations of techniques were in operation from 15 April through 31 May 2009. All instruments recorded a similar diurnal pattern of HONO concentrations with higher median and mean values during the night than during the day. Highest values were observed in the final 2 weeks of the campaign. Inlets for the MC‐IC, SC‐AP, and QC‐TILDAS were collocated and agreed most closely with each other based on several measures. Largest differences between pairs of measurements were evident during the day for concentrations < ~100 parts per trillion (ppt). Above ~ 200 ppt, concentrations from the SC‐AP, MC‐IC, and QC‐TILDAS converged to within about 20%, with slightly larger discrepancies when DOAS was considered. During the first 2 weeks, HONO measured by ID‐CIMS agreed with these techniques, but ID‐CIMS reported higher values during the afternoon and evening of the final 4 weeks, possibly from interference from unknown sources. A number of factors, including building related sources, likely affected measured concentrations.
How to Gain the Benefits of the Expert Performance Approach in Domains Where the Correctness of Decisions are Not Readily Available: A Reply to Weiss and Shanteau
Authors: Ericsson K. Anders 
Published: April 2014

SummaryWeiss and Shanteau criticize the expert‐performance approach and argue that this approach has not, and most importantly, cannot be applied to the study of ‘experts’ in domains that lack readily available objective measures of performance, such as accuracy of judgments. In this response, I demonstrate that it is not necessary to use fictitious stimuli for the judgments, for which no correct responses can be identified, and where only their Cochrane, Weiss, and Shanteau index can be calculated. Instead, the expert performance approach regenerates the judgment situation for actual cases and tracks down their subsequent observed real‐world outcomes. Participants' judgments of the stimuli can then be directly scored against the actual outcomes. Opportunities for training and deliberate practice are discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of ethylene terephthalate and ethylene naphthalate (PET‐PEN) block‐co‐polyesters with defined surface qualities by tailoring segment composition
Authors: Geyer Björn , Röhner Stefan , Lorenz Günter , Kandelbauer Andreas 
Published: April 2014

AbstractEthylene terephthalate and ethylene naphthalate oligomers of defined degree of polymerization were synthesized via chemical recycling of the parent polymers. The oligomers were used as defined building blocks for the preparation of novel block‐co‐polyesters having tailored sequence compositions. The sequence lengths were systematically varied using Design of Experiments. The dispersive surface energy and the specific desorption energy of the co‐polymers were determined by inverse gas chromatography. The study shows that polyethylene terephthalate‐polyethylene naphthalate (PET‐PEN) block‐co‐polyesters of defined sequence lengths can be prepared. Furthermore, the specific and dispersive surface energies of the obtained block‐co‐polyesters showed a linear dependence on the oligomer molecular weight and it was possible to regulate and control their interfacial properties. In contrast, with the corresponding random‐block‐co‐polyesters no such dependence was found. The synthesized block‐co‐polyesters could be used as polymeric modifying agents for stabilizing PET‐PEN polymer blends. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40731.
Modified polyaniline and its effects on the microstructure and antistatic properties of PP/PANI‐APP/CPP composites
Authors: Xu Jing , Xiao Jie , Zhang Zhiye , Wang Xinlong , Chen Xiaodong , Yang Xiushan , Zhang Wei , Yang Lin 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTPolypropylene (PP) composites that contain poly(aniline) (PANI) and ammonium polyphosphate crystalline form II (APP‐II) have both antistatic and flame‐retardant properties. In the present study, double anti‐functional PANI was prepared via in situ polymerization in the presence of APP‐II. Analysis of the Fourier transform infrared spectra demonstrated that PANI was synthesized successfully with APP‐II and that modified PANI (PANI‐APP) was obtained. Next, PP/PANI‐APP/chlorinated poly(propylene) (CPP) and PP/PANI/CPP composites were prepared. The results showed that the volume resistivity of the PP/PANI‐APP/CPP composite was at least 100 times less than that of the PP/PANI/CPP composite. The microstructures of the corresponding composites were investigated carefully by scanning electron microscopy and wide angle X‐ray diffraction. The areas of the conductive regions and the percentage crystallinity of PP in the PP/PANI‐APP/CPP composite were distinctly higher than those in the PP/PANI/CPP composite, i.e., by about 10% and 7%, respectively. In addition, experimental analyses of the limiting oxygen index and thermogravimetry showed that the PP/PANI‐APP/CPP composite had advantages compared with PP in terms of its flame‐retardant properties thermal stability. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40732.
Effect of the water sorption on the mechanical response of microcrystalline cellulose‐based composites for art protection and restoration
Authors: Cataldi Annalisa , Dorigato Andrea , Deflorian Flavio , Pegoretti Alessandro 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTThermoplastic composites based on a commercial acrylic matrix widely used in the field of art protection and restoration (Paraloid B72) and various concentrations (up to 30 wt %) of microcrystalline cellulose powder (MCC) were prepared by melt‐compounding and compression molding. The mechanical behavior of the resulting materials conditioned at a temperature of 23°C and a relative humidity level of 55% was compared to that of the corresponding dried materials. Even though the moisture absorption of the filler was lower than the neat matrix, the maximum moisture content increased with the MCC amount, probably due to the preferential water diffusion path through the microvoids and/or the filler‐matrix interface. Although the increase of moisture content for filled samples, DMTA analysis evidenced a stabilization upon MCC introduction, with an increase of the storage modulus and a decrease of the thermal expansion coefficient proportional to the filler loading. A similar trend was displayed by the corresponding dried materials. The tensile elastic modulus and the ultimate properties such as the stress at break and the tensile energy to break (TEB) of conditioned samples increased proportionally to the filler amount. On the contrary, the failure properties of dried composites were negatively affected by the presence of the microcellulose. It is worthwhile to report that a significant improvement of the creep stability was induced by MCC introduction both for dried and conditioned samples. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40741.
Self‐structured serrated edges of chemically oxidized poly(dimethylsiloxane) disks
Authors: Watanabe Masashi , Shinoda Kensuke 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTSerrated structures on a micrometer scale were spontaneously formed along the edge of a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) disk using the following procedure. First, a drop of PDMS prepolymer was placed on a glass slide, followed by vulcanization. Second, the obtained PDMS disk was soaked in a mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric acid to form a serrated structure. Consideration of the mechanism of the structure formation was based on the following results. (1) The acid oxidized the PDMS surface, which was then swollen with the acid mixture or water to form wrinkles. (2) The wrinkle wavelength depended on the thickness of the PDMS film. (3) The thickness of the PDMS disk varied near its edge because the meniscus of the drop of the PDMS prepolymer was retained after the vulcanization. These results suggest that the thickness gradient of the PDMS disk led to the spontaneous formation of a serrated edge structure. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40767.
Environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) of aviation biofuel from microalgae, Pongamia pinnata, and sugarcane molasses
Authors: Cox Kelly , Renouf Marguerite , Dargan Aidan , Turner Christopher , Klein‐Marcuschamer Daniel 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe environmental benefits and trade‐offs of automotive biofuels are well known, but less is known about aviation biofuels. We modeled the environmental impacts of three pathways for aviation biofuel in Australia (from microalgae, pongamia, and sugarcane molasses) using attributional life cycle assessments (LCAs), applying both economic allocation and system expansion. Based on economic allocation, sugarcane molasses has the better fossil energy ratio FER (1.7 MJ out/MJ in) and GHG abatement (73% less than aviation kerosene) of the three, but with trade‐offs of higher water use and eutrophication potential. Microalgae and pongamia have lower FER and GHG abatement (1.0 and 1.1; 53% and 43%), but mostly avoid eutrophication and reduce water use trade‐offs. All have similar and relatively low land use intensities. If produced on land where existing carbon stocks are not compromised, the sugarcane and microalgae pathways would currently meet a 50% GHG abatement requirement. Based on system expansion, microalgae and pongamia had lower impacts than sugarcane for all categories except energy input, highlighting the positive aspects of these next‐generation feedstocks. The low fossil energy conservation potential of these pathways was found to be a drawback, and significant energy efficiencies will be needed before they can affect fossil energy conservation. Energy recovery from processing residues (base case) was preferable over use as animal feed (variant case), and crucial for favorable energy and GHG conservation. However this finding is at odds with the economic preferences identified in a companion technoeconomic study.
Simple simultaneous determination of butylated hydroquinone (TBHQ) and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) antioxidants in oil using high‐performance liquid chromatography with chemiluminescence detection
Authors: Xu Shuangjiao , Chen Funan , Deng Mao , Sui Yanyan 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTA highly sensitive and convenient high‐performance liquid chromatography technique coupled with chemiluminescence detection for the simultaneous determination butylated hydroquinone (TBHQ) and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) in oil is established. The detection is based on the inhibitory effect on the CL reaction between luminol and potassium ferricyanide in an alkaline medium. Samples were separated through a reverse‐phase C18 column using a mobile phase of methanol and water (80: 20, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The effects of various parameters including mobile phase, flow rate and chemiluminescence regent were studied. Under optimum conditions, both TBHQ and BHA showed good linear relationships in the range 1 × 10‐7–1 × 10‐5 g/mL with detection limits of 24 and 33 ng/mL, respectively. The proposed method is simple and sensitive, with low costs. The method was successfully applied for the quantification of TBHQ and BHA in sesame oil. The possible inhibition mechanism is also discussed briefly. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.