bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental study on multiple impact resistance of geogrid reinforced cushion
Authors: Ren F- , Liu J-H 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Rock-sheds are often used at mountain roads and tunnel entrances for preventing rockfall disasters. Placing geogrids in sand cushion can improve the resistance to rockfall impacts. However, the mechanism of geogrid reinforced sand cushion under multi-impacts remains unclear. This study conducted four model tests to investigate the mechanical response of geogrid-sand cushions with different reinforcement positions under multiple impacts. The results showed that geogrids effectively reduced the impact penetration depth and improved its buffering capacity. When the geogrid was placed at 2/3 the height of the cushion, with increase in the number of impacts, the growth rate of the maximum impact force and peak earth pressure, and the reduction rate of the penetration depth and impact stress factor were the smallest. Moreover, the vibration of the shed roof slab was mitigated. This is because this working condition effectively converted the impact stress into horizontal tensile stress of the geogrid, which is beneficial for evening the distribution of the stress on the shed roof slab. Thus, this study provides a reference for the optimization and design of rock-sheds.
From Monoracial to Multiracial Biblical Studies
Authors: Park Wongi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The discourse around race and ethnicity in biblical studies has grown exponentially in recent years. Yet there is a curious lack of attention to whiteness. The field of biblical studies in the United States and Europe is profoundly monoracial, and one of the ways this whiteness operates is through traditional methods of biblical scholarship. This chapter proposes that critical race theory and whiteness studies are useful aids in rendering whiteness visible in the field. New sources are foregrounded to rethink the normative Eurocentricity of biblical studies. Decentring whiteness does not mean eliminating Eurocentric sources entirely; it entails particularizing whiteness and examining its effects. Through contextual awareness, biblical studies can move from being monoracial to becoming multiracial.
Reported vote: An observational measure of political stigma
Authors: Valentim Vicente 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
How can one measure the influence of social norms using observational data? This chapter argues that whenever one can find variation in the publicness of a given political behavior, one can compare its prevalence across more private and more public settings. The gap provides a measure of the strength of social norms for or against that behavior. In an application of this logic, a measure of political stigma is proposed, called reported vote. Reported vote captures the proportion of the official vote for a party that is declared in post-electoral surveys. If there is a strong social norm against supporting a party, even individuals who voted for it have an incentive not to admit that they did so. A number of validation tests are presented for reported vote as a measure of political stigma. The chapter discusses how the logic underlying this variable can be used to construct other measures.
Individualized treatment effects of a digital alcohol intervention and their associations with participant characteristics and engagement
Authors: Crawford Joel , Collier Elizabeth S , Bendtsen Marcus 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aims
Conditional average treatment effects are often reported in intervention studies, in which assumptions are made regarding how effects are similar across a heterogeneous sample. Nonetheless, differing factors, such as genetics, age, and sex, can impact an intervention’s effect on outcomes. The study aimed to estimate the individualized effects of a digital alcohol intervention among individuals looking online to reduce their drinking.

Methods
We used data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT), including 2129 adults from the Swedish general population. The RCT concerned a text message-based alcohol intervention that sought to engender change through increasing knowledge on how to change and instilling confidence in changing behaviour. Outcomes were total weekly alcohol consumption and monthly heavy episodic drinking. Individualized treatment effects were modelled using baseline characteristics (age, gender, alcohol consumption, and psychosocial variables) and engagement with the intervention content.

Results
We found evidence that the effects of the digital alcohol intervention were heterogeneous concerning participants’ age, baseline alcohol consumption, confidence, and importance. For heavy episodic drinking, there was evidence that effects were heterogeneous concerning age, sex, and baseline alcohol consumption. Overall, women, older individuals, and heavier drinkers benefitted more from the intervention in terms of effect size. In addition, participants who engaged more with the goal-setting and screening content reported better outcomes.

Conclusions
The results highlight how different individuals respond differently to a digital alcohol intervention. This allows insight into who benefits the most and least from the intervention and highlights the potential merit of designing interventions adapted to different individuals’ needs.
MiRAGE: mining relationships for advanced generative evaluation in drug repositioning
Authors: Hassanali Aragh Aria , Givehchian Pegah , Moslemi Amirani Razieh , Masumshah Raziyeh , Eslahchi Changiz 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Drug repositioning, the identification of new therapeutic uses for existing drugs, is crucial for accelerating drug discovery and reducing development costs. Some methods rely on heterogeneous networks, which may not fully capture the complex relationships between drugs and diseases. However, integrating diverse biological data sources offers promise for discovering new drug–disease associations (DDAs). Previous evidence indicates that the combination of information would be conducive to the discovery of new DDAs. However, the challenge lies in effectively integrating different biological data sources to identify the most effective drugs for a certain disease based on drug–disease coupled mechanisms.

Results
In response to this challenge, we present MiRAGE, a novel computational method for drug repositioning. MiRAGE leverages a three-step framework, comprising negative sampling using hard negative mining, classification employing random forest models, and feature selection based on feature importance. We evaluate MiRAGE on multiple benchmark datasets, demonstrating its superiority over state-of-the-art algorithms across various metrics. Notably, MiRAGE consistently outperforms other methods in uncovering novel DDAs. Case studies focusing on Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia showcase MiRAGE’s ability to identify top candidate drugs supported by previous studies. Overall, our study underscores MiRAGE’s efficacy and versatility as a computational tool for drug repositioning, offering valuable insights for therapeutic discoveries and addressing unmet medical needs.
Discovering predisposing genes for hereditary breast cancer using deep learning
Authors: Passi Gal , Lieberman Sari , Zahdeh Fouad , Murik Omer , Renbaum Paul , Beeri Rachel , Linial Michal , May Dalit , Levy-Lahad Ephrat , Schneidman-Duhovny Dina 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy affecting Western women today. It is estimated that as many as 10% of BC cases can be attributed to germline variants. However, the genetic basis of the majority of familial BC cases has yet to be identified. Discovering predisposing genes contributing to familial BC is challenging due to their presumed rarity, low penetrance, and complex biological mechanisms. Here, we focused on an analysis of rare missense variants in a cohort of 12 families of Middle Eastern origins characterized by a high incidence of BC cases. We devised a novel, high-throughput, variant analysis pipeline adapted for family studies, which aims to analyze variants at the protein level by employing state-of-the-art machine learning models and three-dimensional protein structural analysis. Using our pipeline, we analyzed 1218 rare missense variants that are shared between affected family members and classified 80 genes as candidate pathogenic. Among these genes, we found significant functional enrichment in peroxisomal and mitochondrial biological pathways which segregated across seven families in the study and covered diverse ethnic groups. We present multiple evidence that peroxisomal and mitochondrial pathways play an important, yet underappreciated, role in both germline BC predisposition and BC survival.
Aortic valved homograft degeneration: surgical or transcatheter approach for repeat aortic valve replacement?
Authors: Peterss Sven , Fabry Thomas G , Steffen Julius , Orban Martin , Buech Joscha , Radner Caroline , Theiss Hans D , Pichlmaier Maximilian , Massberg Steffen , Hagl Christian , Deseive Simon 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Aortic valved allografts (homografts) have been used alternatively to mechanical or biological valve prostheses in expectation of better durability; however, homograft valves do degenerate, and redo procedures have proven challenging due to heavy wall calcification. The aim of the study was to compare the outcome of open surgical (SAVR) and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in degenerated homografts.

METHODS
Between 1993 and 2022, 81 patients underwent repeat aortic valve procedures having previously received an aortic homograft. The redo had become necessary due to regurgitation in 85% and stenosis in 15%. Sixty-five percent underwent open surgery, 35% TAVR.

RESULTS
Isolated SAVR was possible in 79%, and root procedures were necessary in 21%. TAVR was performed in 79% via transfemoral and 21% via transapical access. Median prosthetic valve size was 23 (22.3–23.2) mm in the SAVR and 26 (25.2–26.9) in the TAVR group. Thirty-day mortality was 0% in the TAVR and 7% in the SAVR group (P = n.s.). TAVR showed a significantly better outcome concerning prolonged ventilation (0 vs 21%, P = 0.013) as well as ICU (1 vs 2 days; P &lt; 0.001) and in-hospital stay (10.5 vs 13 days; P = 0.028). Five-year survival was statistically comparable between groups, and no severe leakage was observed.

CONCLUSIONS
SAVR following structural homograft degeneration shows acceptable results, but the perioperative risk remains substantial and poorly predictable. TAVR presents a reasonable and more easily accessible alternative and is associated with good short- and mid-term results. In the absence of relevant contraindications, TAVR is presently the preferred treatment option for these patients at our center.
Implementation of the Versius robotic surgical system for thoracic surgery: first clinical evaluation of feasibility and performance
Authors: Fra Sara , Caballero-Silva Usue , Cabañero-Sánchez Alberto , Muñoz-Molina Gemma María , Cavestany García-Matres Cristina , Lozano-Ayala Jose Deymar , Lomanto-Navarro Luis , Vílchez-Pernias Elena , Moreno-Mata Nicolás 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study is to demonstrate the ability of the Versius surgical system to successfully and safely complete a range of thoracic procedures aligned with Stage 2a (Development) of the Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment and Long-term follow-up framework for surgical innovation.

METHODS
This prospective study included the first 30 consecutive patients who underwent robotic surgery with Versius by 2 surgeons without prior robotic experience between 1 April 2023 and 30 December 2023 [25 lung resections (wedge, segmentectomy and lobectomy) and 5 thymectomies]. There were no specific predetermined selection criteria for each case. The primary outcome was safe completion of the procedure without unplanned conversion. Secondary outcomes included intraoperative and postoperative complications, intraoperative device-related outcomes and pathology results.

RESULTS
Twenty-eight (93.3%) cases were completed without conversion. Both conversions were to thoracoscopy, one due to a ‘console alarm’ and the other due to pulmonary artery bleeding. In lung resections, median console time was 103 (90–129) min. Five (20%) patients experienced postoperative complications, most frequent was persistent air leak (16%). Median length-of-stay was 3 (2–4) days. Neither readmissions nor mortality was observed. In thymectomies, no intraoperative or postoperative complications, readmissions, reinterventions or mortality were observed. Median console time was 77 (75–89) min and median length of stay was 1 (1–1) day.

CONCLUSIONS
This phase 2a IDEAL-D study confirms lung resections and thymectomies are feasible with the use of Versius system, laying the foundation for larger phase 2b and 3 clinical studies within the IDEAL-D framework.
CRABP2 promotes cell migration and invasion by activating PI3K/AKT and MAPK signalling pathways via upregulating LAMB3 in prostate cancer
Authors: Wang Rui , Liao Zhaoping , Liu Chunhua , Yu Shifang , Xiang Kaihua , Wu Ting , Feng Jie , Ding Senjuan , Yu Tingao , Cheng Gang , Li Sanlian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) has become a worldwide health burden among men. Previous studies have suggested that cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) significantly affects the regulation of cell proliferation, motility and apoptosis in multiple cancers; however, the effect of CRABP2 on PCa is poorly reported. CRABP2 expression in different PCa cell lines and its effect on different cellular functions varied. While CRABP2 promotes cell migration and invasion, it appears to inhibit cell proliferation specifically in PC-3 cells. However, the proliferation of DU145 and 22RV1 cells did not appear to be significantly affected by CRABP2. Additionally, CRABP2 had no influence on the cell cycle distribution of PCa cells. The RNA-seq assay showed that overexpressing CRABP2 upregulated laminin subunit beta-3 (LAMB3) mRNA expression, and the enrichment analyses revealed that the differentially expressed genes were enriched in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/activated protein kinase B (AKT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathways. The following western blot experiments also confirmed the upregulated LAMB3 protein level and the activation of the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signalling pathways. Moreover, overexpressing CRABP2 significantly inhibited tumour growth in vivo. In conclusion, CRABP2 facilitates cell migration and invasion by activating PI3K/AKT and MAPK signalling pathways through upregulating LAMB3 in PCa.
Unraveling the interplay between a small RNA and RNase E in bacteria
Authors: Vigoda Meshi Barsheshet , Argaman Liron , Kournos Mark , Margalit Hanah 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Small RNAs (sRNAs) are major regulators of gene expression in bacteria, exerting their regulation primarily via base pairing with their target transcripts and modulating translation. Accumulating evidence suggest that sRNAs can also affect the stability of their target transcripts by altering their accessibility to endoribonucleases. Yet, the effects of sRNAs on transcript stability and the mechanisms underlying them have not been studied in wide scale. Here we employ large-scale RNA-seq-based methodologies in the model bacterium Escherichia coli to quantitatively study the functional interaction between a sRNA and an endoribonuclease in regulating gene expression, using the well-established sRNA, GcvB, and the major endoribonuclease, RNase E. Studying single and double mutants of gcvB and rne and analysing their RNA-seq results by the Double Mutant Cycle approach, we infer distinct modes of the interplay between GcvB and RNase E. Transcriptome-wide mapping of RNase E cleavage sites provides further support to the results of the RNA-seq analysis, identifying cleavage sites in targets in which the functional interaction between GcvB and RNase E is evident. Together, our results indicate that the most dominant mode of GcvB-RNase E functional interaction is GcvB enhancement of RNase E cleavage, which varies in its magnitude between different targets.
DdrC, a unique DNA repair factor from D. radiodurans, senses and stabilizes DNA breaks through a novel lesion-recognition mechanism
Authors: Szabla Robert , Li Mingyi , Warner Victoria , Song Yifeng , Junop Murray 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans is known to survive high doses of DNA damaging agents. This resistance is the result of robust antioxidant systems which protect efficient DNA repair mechanisms that are unique to Deinococcus species. The protein DdrC has been identified as an important component of this repair machinery. DdrC is known to bind to DNA in vitro and has been shown to circularize and compact DNA fragments. The mechanism and biological relevance of this activity is poorly understood. Here, we show that the DdrC homodimer is a lesion-sensing protein that binds to two single-strand (ss) or double-strand (ds) breaks. The immobilization of DNA breaks in pairs consequently leads to the circularization of linear DNA and the compaction of nicked DNA. The degree of compaction is directly proportional with the number of available nicks. Previously, the structure of the DdrC homodimer was solved in an unusual asymmetric conformation. Here, we solve the structure of DdrC under different crystallographic environments and confirm that the asymmetry is an endogenous feature of DdrC. We propose a dynamic structural mechanism where the asymmetry is necessary to trap a pair of lesions. We support this model with mutant disruption and computational modeling experiments.
Intrauterine device (IUD) embedded in bladder wall with calculus formation treated with cystoscopy: a case report
Authors: Hoang Van Trung , Le Ny Ny Thi , Hoang The Huan , Chansomphou Vichit 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the realm of unusual gynecological complications, the displacement of an intrauterine device (IUD) into the bladder, resulting in stone formation, stands out as an exceptionally rare and perplexing condition. Such occurrences challenge diagnostic and therapeutic protocols, often leading to unique case studies that expand our understanding of IUD-related complications. We present an interesting case of a 50-year-old woman with a stone-forming ectopic IUD in the bladder diagnosed with imaging modalities and treated with cystoscopy, with a subsequent resolution of symptoms. This case underscores the importance of considering ectopic IUD placement in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with urinary symptoms and a history of IUD use. Moreover, it emphasizes the role of imaging in the accurate diagnosis of such cases and highlights cystoscopy as an effective treatment modality for the removal of IUD and stones.
A case of repeated stent fracture
Authors: Migita Shohei , Murata Nobuhiro , Takahashi Kurara , Nakajima Yuki , Mizobuchi Saki , Miyagawa Masatsugu , Tanaka Yudai , Fukumoto Katsunori , Arai Riku , Morikawa Tomoyuki , Mineki Takashi , Kojima Keisuke , Sudo Mitsumasa , Fukamachi Daisuke , Okumura Yasuo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Stent fracture is one of the complications of drug-eluting stent implantation. An 84-year-old man underwent coronary angiography for unstable angina. He had diffuse severe stenosis and calcified plaque in the left anterior descending artery and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the left anterior descending artery for severe stenosis with chest pain. Thereafter, two subsequent stent fractures occurred, so the patient underwent another PCI to cover them. However, a stent fracture was found again one year later. The patient was asymptomatic and PCI was avoided due to the risk of further stent fracture. When a stent fracture occurs, it is important to provide appropriate treatment according to the anatomical findings of the vessel, symptoms and the presence of ischemia.
Le développement sain de l’enfant par le jeu risqué extérieur : un équilibre à trouver avec la prévention des blessures
Authors: Beaulieu Emilie , Beno Suzanne 
Published: July 2024

Résumé
Le jeu libre est essentiel pour le développement de l’enfant, de même que pour sa santé physique, mentale et sociale. Les occasions de se livrer au jeu libre extérieur, et au jeu risqué en particulier, ont considérablement diminué ces dernières années, en partie parce que les mesures de sécurité ont visé à prévenir toutes les blessures liées aux jeux plutôt que seulement les blessures graves et fatales. Le jeu risqué désigne des formes passionnantes et stimulantes de jeu libre dont l’issue est incertaine et qui comportent une possibilité de blessure physique. Les promoteurs du jeu risqué distinguent le « risque » du « danger » et aspirent à recadrer la perception du risque pour qu’il devienne une occasion d’évaluer une situation et de favoriser le développement personnel. Dans le présent document de principes, les auteures soupèsent le fardeau des blessures liées au jeu par rapport aux données probantes en appui au jeu risqué, notamment les avantages, les risques et les nuances, qui peuvent varier en fonction de l’étape de développement de l’enfant, de ses aptitudes et du contexte social et médical. Elles proposent des approches pour promouvoir des échanges ouverts et constructifs avec les familles et les organisations. Les pédiatres sont invités à percevoir le jeu risqué extérieur comme un moyen de contribuer à prévenir et à gérer des problèmes de santé courants tels que l’obésité, l’anxiété et les problèmes de comportement.
The Electoral Misinformation Nexus: How News Consumption, Platform Use, and Trust in News Influence Belief in Electoral Misinformation
Authors: Mont’Alverne Camila , Arguedas Amy Ross , Banerjee Sayan , Toff Benjamin , Fletcher Richard , Nielsen Rasmus Kleis 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Electoral misinformation, where citizens believe false or misleading claims about the electoral process and electoral institutions—sometimes actively and strategically spread by political actors—is a challenge to public confidence in elections specifically and democracy more broadly. In this article, we analyze a combination of 42 million clicks in links and apps from behavioral tracking data of 2,200 internet users and a four-wave panel survey to investigate how different kinds of online news and media use relate to beliefs in electoral misinformation during a contentious political period—the 2022 Brazilian presidential elections. We find that, controlling for other factors, using news from legacy news media is associated with belief in fewer claims of electoral misinformation over time. We find null or inconsistent effects for using digital-born news media and various digital platforms, including Facebook and WhatsApp. Furthermore, we find that trust in news plays a significant role as a moderator. Belief in electoral misinformation, in turn, undermines trust in news. Overall, our findings document the important role of the news media as an institution in curbing electoral misinformation, even as they also underline the precarity of trust in news during contentious political periods.