bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing Mass Cytometry at the Bedside to Study the Immunological Basis of Human Diseases: Distinctive Immune Features in Patients with a History of Term or Preterm Birth
Authors: Gaudillière Brice , Ganio Edward A. , Tingle Martha , Lancero Hope L. , Fragiadakis Gabriela K. , Baca Quentin J. , Aghaeepour Nima , Wong Ronald J. , Quaintance Cele , El‐Sayed Yasser Y. , Shaw Gary M. , Lewis David B. , Stevenson David K. , Nolan Garry P. , Angst Martin S. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSingle‐cell technologies have immense potential to shed light on molecular and biological processes that drive human diseases. Mass cytometry (or Cytometry by Time Of Flight mass spectrometry, CyTOF) has already been employed in clinical studies to comprehensively survey patients’ circulating immune system. As interest in the “bedside” application of mass cytometry is growing, the delineation of relevant methodological issues is called for. This report uses a newly generated dataset to discuss important methodological considerations when mass cytometry is implemented in a clinical study. Specifically, the use of whole blood samples versus peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), design of mass‐tagged antibody panels, technical and analytical implications of sample barcoding, and application of traditional and unsupervised approaches to analyze high‐dimensional mass cytometry datasets are discussed. A mass cytometry assay was implemented in a cross‐sectional study of 19 women with a history of term or preterm birth to determine whether immune traits in peripheral blood differentiate the two groups in the absence of pregnancy. Twenty‐seven phenotypic and 11 intracellular markers were simultaneously analyzed in whole blood samples stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS at 0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 ng mL−1) to examine dose‐dependent signaling responses within the toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway. Complementary analyses, grounded in traditional or unsupervised gating strategies of immune cell subsets, indicated that the prpS6 and pMAPKAPK2 responses in classical monocytes are accentuated in women with a history of preterm birth (FDR<1%). The results suggest that women predisposed to preterm birth may be prone to mount an exacerbated TLR4 response during the course of pregnancy. This important hypothesis‐generating finding points to the power of single‐cell mass cytometry to detect biologically important differences in a relatively small patient cohort. © 2015 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Organic Semiconductor g‐C3N4 Modified TiO2 Nanotube Arrays for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance in Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Liu Lingjuan , Zhang Guan , Irvine John T. S. , Wu Yucheng 
Published: July 2015

Abstractg‐C3N4 sensitized TiO2 nanotube arrays (g‐C3N4/TNTs) were fabricated by using a simple solid sublimation and transition (SST) method using urea as precursor. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) performances were evaluated in this work. It is proposed that the g‐C3N4 layer can play dual roles: surface sensitization and passivation of TNTs surface trap states to inhibit charge recombination. The g‐C3N4/TNTs exhibited significantly improved PEC performance compared with TNTs under blue light (460 nm) irradiation. The g‐C3N4/TNTs prepared from 3 g urea showed the highest photocurrent density of approximately 65 μA cm−2, which is almost 10 times as high as that of TNTs. Furthermore, g‐C3N4/TNTs showed enhanced photoelectrocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) under the blue light irradiation. The stable performance of degradation of MB in multicycle tests suggests that the hybrid g‐C3N4/TNT electrode could be used as a low‐cost photoelectrode material for wastewater treatment processes.
Paying for Primary Care: The Factors Associated with Physician Self‐selection into Payment Models
Authors: Rudoler David , Deber Raisa , Barnsley Janet , Glazier Richard H. , Dass Adrian Rohit , Laporte Audrey 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTo determine the factors associated with primary care physician self‐selection into different payment models, we used a panel of eight waves of administrative data for all primary care physicians who practiced in Ontario between 2003/2004 and 2010/2011. We used a mixed effects logistic regression model to estimate physicians' choice of three alternative payment models: fee for service, enhanced fee for service, and blended capitation. We found that primary care physicians self‐selected into payment models based on existing practice characteristics. Physicians with more complex patient populations were less likely to switch into capitation‐based payment models where higher levels of effort were not financially rewarded. These findings suggested that investigations aimed at assessing the impact of different primary care reimbursement models on outcomes, including costs and access, should first account for potential selection effects. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
RAP‐011 augments callus formation in closed fractures in rats
Authors: Morse Alyson , Cheng Tegan L. , Peacock Lauren , Mikulec Kathy , Little David G. , Schindeler Aaron 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTACE‐011 is a bone anabolic agent generated by fusing the extracellular domain of the Activin Type 2A receptor (ActRIIA) to an IgG‐Fc. The orthopedic utility of ACE‐011 was investigated using a murine analogue, RAP‐011. Initially, a rat closed fracture model was tested using bi‐weekly (biw) 10 mg/kg RAP‐011. RAP‐011 significantly increased callus length and callus bone volume (BV, +43% at 6w, p < 0.01). The polar moment of inertia was calculated to be substantively increased (+80%, p < 0.01), however mechanical bending tests showed a more modest increase in maximum load to failure (+24%, p < 0.05). Histology indicated enhanced appositional bone growth, but it was hypothesized that reduced remodeling, evidenced by decreased serum CTX (−16% at 6w, p < 0.01), could be compromising bone quality in the callus. A second closed fracture study was performed to examine lower “pulse” [RAP‐011(p)] and “sustained” [RAP‐011(s)] regimens of biw 0.6mg/kg × 2, 0.35mg/kg × 3 and 0.18mg/kg × 2, 0.1mg/kg × 7 respectively, compared with PTH(1–34) (25 μg/kg/d) and vehicle controls. RAP‐011 treatments gave modest increases in callus length and callus BV at 6w (p < 0.01), but did not achieve an increase in maximum load over vehicle. In summary, RAP‐011 is effective in promoting bone formation during repair, but optimizing callus bone quality will require further investigation. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:320–330, 2016.
Tanning beds: A call to action for further educational and legislative efforts
Authors: Farley Clara , Alimi Yewande , Espinosa Lauren R. , Perez Sebastian , Knechtle William , Hestley Andrea , Carlson Grant W. , Russell Maria C. , Delman Keith A. , Rizzo Monica 
Published: July 2015

Backgorund and objectivesMelanoma is steadily increasing over the past decade. Recent studies confirmed a link between tanning bed use and melanoma. We sought to determine the prevalence and frequency of tanning bed among young patients with melanoma.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed tanning bed use among young melanoma patients compared to controls selected from the hospital medical records. A telephone survey investigated family history of melanoma or skin cancer, hair color, eye color, skin type, tanning bed use, and patient awareness of dangers of tanning bed use.ResultsA total of 601 melanoma cases were identified; 265 (44%) completed the telephone survey as did 195 (31%) controls. Of these 460 subjects, 260 were female. Females were 3.0 times more likely to have used a tanning bed. Melanoma patients had natural light color hair, blue–green eyes, and 2.0 times more likely to use a tanning bed than controls. Among the tanning bed users, 90% were aware of danger of tanning bed.ConclusionsOur study found that tanning beds were more likely to be used by young women, the majority of whom are aware of the associated risks. Eliminating the use of tanning beds should be considered to decrease the incidence of melanoma. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:183–187. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mammary ductoscopy and follow‐up avoid unnecessary duct excision in patients with pathologic nipple discharge
Authors: Liu Miao , Guo Giagia , Xie Fei , Wang Siyuan , Yang Houpu , Wang Shu 
Published: July 2015

Background and ObjectivesThe goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ductoscopy and follow‐up for the diagnoses of intraductal lesions and the concomitant advantages of avoiding surgery for patients with pathologic nipple discharge (PND).MethodsTwo hundred and sixty‐six ductoscopies were performed for 238 women. Patients with positive ductoscopies underwent surgery. If no positive lesions were present upon ductoscopy, the women were followed.ResultsOf 266 ductoscopic examinations, 168 (63.2%, 168/266) breasts from 165 patients were found to have positive images. The final histopathological results revealed that 93 patients with intraductal papilloma, 42 with intraductal papillomatosis, 15 with ADH lesions, DCIS in 9 patients, 1 case with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), 6 cases with duct ectasia, and 2 cases with inflammation. Seventy‐three patients with negative results upon ductoscopy were followed with a median time of 48 months. Twelve patients had PND recurrence and were diagnosed as papilloma or papillomatosis based on pathology after surgery. PND disappeared for 51 patients after ductoscopy, and no recurrence or disease evolvement was founded for them.ConclusionDuctoscopy and follow‐up were advantageous for selecting patients to undergo surgery or surveillance. The recurrence of PND after ductoscopy might be a strong predictor for having intraductal disease. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:139–143. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enzymatically activated near infrared nanoprobes based on amphiphilic block copolymers for optical detection of cancer
Authors: Özel Tuğba , White Sean , Nguyen Elaine , Moy Austin , Brenes Nicholas , Choi Bernard , Betancourt Tania 
Published: July 2015

Background and ObjectiveNanotechnology offers the possibility of creating multi‐functional structures that can provide solutions for biomedical problems. The nanoprobes herein described are an example of such structures, where nano‐scaled particles have been designed to provide high specificity and contrast potential for optical detection of cancer. Specifically, enzymatically activated fluorescent nanoprobes (EANPs) were synthesized as cancer‐specific contrast agents for optical imaging.Study Design/Materials and MethodsEANPs were prepared by nanoprecipitation of blends of poly(lactic acid)‐b‐poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid)‐b‐poly(l‐lysine). The lysine moieties were then covalently decorated with the near infrared (NIR) fluorescent molecule AlexaFluor‐750 (AF750). Close proximity of the fluorescent molecules to each other resulted in fluorescence quenching, which was reversed by enzymatically mediated cleavage of poly(l‐lysine) chains. EANPs were characterized by dynamic light scattering and electron microscopy. Enzymatic development of fluorescence was studied in vitro by fluorescence spectroscopy. Biocompatibility and contrast potential of EANPs were studied in cancerous and noncancerous cells. The potential of the nanoprobes as contrast agents for NIR fluorescence imaging was studied in tissue phantoms.ResultsSpherical EANPs of ∼100 nm were synthesized via nanoprecipitation of polymer blends. Fluorescence activation of EANPs by treatment with a model protease was demonstrated with up to 15‐fold optical signal enhancement within 120 minutes. Studies with MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells demonstrated the cytocompatibility of EANPs, as well as enhanced fluorescence associated with enzymatic activation. Imaging studies in tissue phantoms confirmed the ability of a simple imaging system based on a laser source and CCD camera to image dilute suspensions of the nanoprobe at depths of up to 4 mm, as well as up to a 13‐fold signal‐to‐background ratio for enzymatically activated EANPs compared to un‐activated EANPs at the same concentration.ConclusionNanoprecipitation of copolymer blends containing poly(l‐lysine) was utilized as a method for preparation of highly functional nanoprobes with high potential as contrast agents for fluorescence based imaging of cancer. Lasers Surg. Med. 47:579–594, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Uncoupling of dopaminergic and subthalamic stimulation: Life‐threatening DBS withdrawal syndrome
Authors: Reuter Sigrid , Deuschl Günther , Falk Daniela , Mehdorn Maximilian , Witt Karsten 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackgroundDeep brain stimulation (DBS) in therapy for advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) is an accepted treatment. Infections of the system and other complications occasionally result in hardware removal and subsequent medical treatment alone for months.MethodsWe have analyzed the clinical course of 15 patients requiring removal of at least parts of the DBS system, resulting in a cessation of stimulation.ResultsMost had an uncomplicated return to medical treatment. Three had an unfavorable course during withdrawal, including two deaths. These patients had suffered from PD for more than 18 y and had had DBS for more than 8 y.ConclusionsWe conclude that DBS withdrawal can be life‐threatening, because the whole range of dopaminergic and nondopaminergic medical treatments may be ineffective at this stage. The lack of response to medical treatment might be attributable to advanced disease and long‐term changes of the basal ganglia loop in PD. © 2015 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Recipient vessel selection in the difficult neck: Outcomes of external carotid artery transposition and end‐to‐end microvascular anastomosis
Authors: Garg Ravi K. , Poore Samuel O. , Wieland Aaron M. , Sanchez Ruston , Baskaya Mustafa K. , Hartig Gregory K. 
Published: July 2015

BackgroundSelection of recipient vessels for head and neck microvascular surgery may be limited in the previously dissected or irradiated neck. When distal branches of the external carotid artery (ECA) are unavailable, additional options for arterial inflow are needed. Here we propose high ligation of the ECA and transposition toward the lower neck as an alternative.MethodsAfter obtaining institutional approval, patients who underwent head and neck tumor resection and simultaneous free flap reconstruction were identified over a 5‐year period. Patients whose recipient artery was listed in the operative report were included. Chart review was performed to identify patient demographics, operative details, and patient and flap complications. In cases where the ECA was used, the artery was traced distally with care taken to protect the hypoglossal nerve. The ECA was then divided and transposed toward the lower neck where an end‐to‐end microvascular anastomosis was performed.ResultsThe recipient artery used for head and neck microsurgery was available for 176 flaps, and the facial (n = 127, 72.2%) and external carotid (n = 19, 10.8%) arteries were most commonly used. There were 0 flap thromboses in the ECA group compared to 3 flap thromboses that occurred with other recipient arteries (P = 1.00). No cases of first bite syndrome or hypoglossal nerve injury were identified.ConclusionsThe ECA may be transposed toward the lower neck and used for end‐to‐end microvascular anastomosis without complication of hypoglossal nerve injury or first bite syndrome. This method may be considered an alternative in patients with limited recipient vessel options for head and neck microsurgery. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 37:96–100, 2017.
16‐channel bow tie antenna transceiver array for cardiac MR at 7.0 tesla
Authors: Oezerdem Celal , Winter Lukas , Graessl Andreas , Paul Katharina , Els Antje , Weinberger Oliver , Rieger Jan , Kuehne Andre , Dieringer Matthias , Hezel Fabian , Voit Dirk , Frahm Jens , Niendorf Thoralf 
Published: July 2015

PurposeTo design, evaluate, and apply a bow tie antenna transceiver radiofrequency (RF) coil array tailored for cardiac MRI at 7.0 Tesla (T).MethodsThe radiofrequency (RF) coil array comprises 16 building blocks each containing a bow tie shaped λ/2‐dipole antenna. Numerical simulations were used for transmission field homogenization and RF safety validation. RF characteristics were examined in a phantom study. The array's suitability for high spatial resolution two‐dimensional (2D) CINE imaging and for real time imaging of the heart was examined in a volunteer study.ResultsThe arrays transmission fields and RF characteristics are suitable for cardiac MRI at 7.0T. The coil performance afforded a spatial resolution as good as (0.8 × 0.8 × 2.5) mm3 for segmented 2D CINE MRI at 7.0T which is by a factor of 12 superior versus standardized protocols used in clinical practice at 1.5T. The proposed transceiver array supports 1D acceleration factors of up to R = 6 without impairing image quality significantly.ConclusionThe 16‐channel bow tie antenna transceiver array supports accelerated and high spatial resolution cardiac MRI. The array is compatible with multichannel transmission and provides a technological basis for future clinical assessment of parallel transmission techniques at 7.0 Tesla. Magn Reson Med 75:2553–2565, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of continuous and discontinuous constitutive models to simulate concrete behaviour under mixed‐mode failure conditions
Authors: Bobiński Jerzy , Tejchman Jacek 
Published: July 2015

SummaryThe paper presents detailed FE simulation results of concrete elements under mixed‐mode failure conditions according to the so‐called shear‐tension test by Nooru‐Mohamed, characterized by curved cracks. A continuous and discontinuous numerical two‐dimensional approach was used. In order to describe the concrete's behaviour within continuum mechanics, two different constitutive models were used. First, an elasto‐plastic model with isotropic hardening and softening was assumed. In a compression regime, a Drucker–Prager criterion with a non‐associated flow rule was used. In turn, in a tensile regime, a Rankine criterion with an associated flow rule was adopted. Second, an isotropic damage constitutive model was applied with a single scalar damage parameter and different definitions of the equivalent strain. Both constitutive laws were enriched by a characteristic length of micro‐structure to capture properly strain localization. As an alternative approach, the extended finite element method was used. Our results were compared with the experimental ones and with results of other FE simulations reported in the literature. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rapid identification of new minor chemical constituents from Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma by combined use of UHPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS, preparative HPLC and UHPLC‐SPE‐NMR‐MS techniques
Authors: Gu Wan‐Yi , Li Na , Leung Elaine Lai‐Han , Zhou Hua , Yao Xiao‐Jun , Liu Liang , Wu Jian‐Lin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIntroductionHerbs are an important resource for new drug development. However, the conventional approach for the discovery of new compounds from herbs was time‐consuming, tedious, and inefficient.ObjectivesEstablish a quick approach to identify new minor constituents in herbs.MethodsThe constituents in herbs were firstly analysed using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS). Based on the accurate masses, isotopic ions, and the characteristic fragmentation ions in the mass spectra, the molecular compositions and possible structures of compounds were first deduced. After being enriched by a preparative HPLC method, the potential new minor structures were definitely identified by an on‐line UHPLC‐solid phase extraction‐nuclear magnetic resonance‐mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐SPE‐NMR‐MS) approach.ResultsBy combined the use of UHPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS, preparative HPLC and UHPLC‐SPE‐NMR, three new minor compounds were definitely identified as bis‐3,4‐dihydroxyphenylpropanoid‐substituted catechins (A2 and A3) and 4″‐formyl‐astilbin (B5). In addition, five isomers of bis‐dihydroxyphenylpropanoid‐substituted catechin (A1, A4–A7), four isomers of 4″‐formyl‐astilbin (B1–B4), engeletin formates and isomers (C1–C5), formyl‐cinchonains (D1–D4), formyl‐caffeoylshikimic acid (E1–E4) were also tentatively determined by MS and MS/MS characterisation.ConclusionThe combination of UHPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS, preparative HPLC and UHPLC‐SPE‐NMR‐MS techniques is a quick and effective approach for finding new minor constitutes from herbs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Potential gain in photocurrent generation for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells by using In2O3 as a transparent conductive oxide layer
Authors: Keller Jan , Lindahl Johan , Edoff Marika , Stolt Lars , Törndahl Tobias 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis study highlights the potential of atomic layer deposited In2O3 as a highly transparent and conductive oxide (TCO) layer in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGSe) solar cells. It is shown that the efficiency of solar cells which use Zn‐Sn‐O (ZTO) as an alternative buffer layer can be increased by employing In2O3 as a TCO because of a reduction of the parasitic absorption in the window layer structure, resulting in 1.7 mA/cm2 gain in short circuit current density (Jsc). In contrast, a degradation of device properties is observed if the In2O3 TCO is combined with the conventional CdS buffer layer. The estimated improvement for large‐scale modules is discussed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nanopatterning and micropatterning of cobalt containing block copolymers via phase‐separation and lithographic techniques
Authors: Hadadpour Mahboubeh , Ragogna Paul J. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTReversible addition fragmentation transfer (RAFT) agent functionalized polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS‐RAFT) was used as a macro‐RAFT agent to polymerize a mixed sandwich cobaltocene containing monomer featuring η5‐cyclopentadienyl‐cobalt‐η4‐cyclobutadiene. High molecular weight block copolymers (BCP) consisting of a metallic block and a PDMS block with excellent control over molecular weight and polydispersity were prepared. Solid‐state self‐assembly of this BCP resulted in hexagonal domains of metallopolymer phase‐separated from PDMS. In solution, spherical micelles with a metallic core, stabilized by a PDMS corona were prepared. Pyrolysis of the BCP resulted in magnetic nanoparticles with 30% char yield. The BCP was used as an ink material for microcontact printing (μCP) to transfer long‐ranged patterns. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 2747–2754