bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘You shouldn't ignore it just because it's sensitive’: The perceived needs of healthcare professionals working in culturally diverse teams
Authors: Schmidt Manuela , Uman Timur 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHealthcare is often delivered by teams made up of culturally and demographically diverse members. Group diversity, for example, in terms of age, gender and/or culture, can bring a range of benefits, but also complex challenges for the functioning of healthcare teams. The literature suggests that cultural diversity is the most difficult issue for these teams to manage. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the perceived needs of healthcare professionals when working in culturally diverse teams. Data were collected through individual interviews with 23 healthcare professionals working in two hospitals in one municipality in southern Sweden. The data were analysed using an inductive content analysis approach. In the process of the analysis, two main categories of needs emerged: Favourable working conditions and guidance, and Commonalities. The findings highlight the need for the right work and team climate, as well as leadership, for culturally diverse teams to function well. In addition, the implementation and communication of rules and regulations, clarity of roles, and a shared understanding of cultural diversity, language, and the culture of care are important for these teams. By uncovering the needs expressed by healthcare professionals in relation to working in culturally diverse teams, our research provides important insights into the key enablers of the benefits of team diversity in the healthcare context.
Innate immune mechanisms promote human response to Acinetobacter baumannii infection
Authors: Sabatini Andrea , Lucidi Massimiliano , Ciolfi Serena , Vuotto Claudia , De Bardi Marco , Visca Paolo , Battistini Luca , Visaggio Daniela , Volpe Elisabetta 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAcinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic Gram‐negative bacterium representing one of the leading causes of ventilator‐associated pneumonia. The development of pneumonia results from a complex interplay between pathogens and pulmonary innate mucosal immunity. Therefore, the knowledge of the host immune responses is pivotal for the development of effective therapeutics to treat A. baumannii infections. Previous studies were conducted using cell lines and animal models, but a comprehensive understanding of the interaction between A. baumannii and primary human immune cells is still lacking. To bridge this gap, we investigated the response of primary monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells to the A. baumannii‐type strain and an epidemic clinical isolate. We found that all immune cells trigger different responses when interacting with A. baumannii. In particular, macrophages and monocytes mediate bacterial clearance, whereas monocytes and dendritic cells activate a late response through the production of cytokines, chemokines, and the expression of co‐stimulatory molecules. The epidemic strain induces lower expression of interleukin‐10 and CD80 compared with the type strain, potentially constituting two immune evasion strategies.
Covalent and non‐covalent approach for SWCNT‐containing macromolecular structure formation for palladium accumulation
Authors: Markiewicz Karolina H. , Breczko Joanna , Wojtulewski Sławomir , Wilczewska Agnieszka Z. , Winkler Krzysztof 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, novel materials combining palladium‐imprinted polymers (PdIP) with single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were developed to modify screen‐printed electrodes (SPEs) and tested as sensors for detecting palladium ions. The arrangement of the SWCNTs‐PdIP network is crucial for the electrochemical performance of the material. Therefore, we compared two types of materials: one with covalent linkages and the other with non‐covalent linkages between the SWCNTs and the polymer. The materials were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and porosimetry. Cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry demonstrated a significant improvement in the electrochemical properties of the material with covalent linkages between PdIP and SWCNTs. The results confirmed the performance of the proposed SWCNTs‐X/PdIP‐based electrochemical sensor for detecting palladium ions. They showed a linear relationship in the concentration range of 0.06–1.5 mmol L−1, and the estimated limit of detection (LOD) was 0.026159 mmol L−1 (S/N=3). The constructed sensor showed high analytical sensitivity (675.46 μA mmol−1 L cm−2), good repeatability (RSD=4.05 %), and recovery (97 %).
An AI based cross‐language aspect‐level sentiment analysis model using English corpus
Authors: Chen Jing , Pan Li 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAccurate cross‐language aspect‐level sentiment analysis methods can provide accurate decision support for social networks, e‐commerce platforms, and other platforms, thereby providing users with higher quality services. However, actual data is very complex and contains a large amount of redundant information. Existing methods face challenges in extracting semantic association information and deep emotional features when dealing with this complex data. To address these issues, an aspect‐level sentiment analysis model (called Multi‐XLNet‐RCNN) is proposed that integrates multi‐channel XLNet and RCNN. First, a multi‐channel XLNet (Multi XLNet) network model is used to perform autoregressive encoding operations on different languages, fully extracting contextual information from the text and better characterizing the ambiguity of the text. Then, in the RCNN module, the contextual features output by the BiGRU layer are concatenated with the pre trained input features to extract deeper emotional features. Finally, in response to the issue of inconsistent aspect‐level information in sentence features extracted from different language channels, a multi head attention mechanism based on aspect class interaction is utilized to obtain a text attention emotion representation for a given aspect, thereby improving the accuracy of aspect‐level emotion classification. The experiment uses the public English corpus provided by SemEval 2016 as the source language, and Chinese comment data on Dianping and JD E‐commerce platforms as the target language. The experimental results show that the proposed Multi XLNet‐RCNN sentiment analysis method can achieve accurate aspect‐level Sentiment analysis, and the accuracy rates on the two data sets of Dianping and Jingdong E‐commerce can be as high as 0.851 and 0.792, respectively, superior to other advanced comparison models. This model has good application value in cross‐language analysis of social networks and e‐commerce platforms.
Amplitude‐dependent modal viscous damping for distributed stick–slip systems
Authors: He Chong , Sun Feifei , Li Guo‐Qiang , Xiang Yang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn accurate damping model serves as the foundation for reliable structural analysis. One of the primary sources of structural damping is the stick–slip mechanism caused by interfacial friction. Structural damping is usually represented by the modal damping ratio, and the modal equivalent viscous damping ratio (EVDR) of a stick–slip system is crucial in structural dynamic modeling. To date, an accurate yet simple prediction method for modal amplitude‐dependent EVDR that considers the distribution characteristics of the stick–slip mechanism remains unavailable. In the present study, the modal EVDRs of a distributed stick–slip system (DSSS) extended from a single degree‐of‐freedom stick–slip system were calculated using the modal energy equivalence method. The correlation between the stick–slip parameters and the modal damping behavior was investigated at various amplitude levels on the basis of the assumption of equal stick–slip parameters. A two‐parameter damping model represented by a single stick–slip damping model was developed to capture the amplitude dependence of the frictional EVDR. Furthermore, a practical prediction method based on the stick–slip parameters was proposed for the modal EVDR of the fundamental and higher‐order modes. The seismic analysis of two illustrative structures with nonuniform and uniform interstory stiffness demonstrated the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method in predicting the modal EVDR of the DSSS. The proposed equivalent linear viscous damping system is suitable for the quick prediction of structural dynamic responses.
Inconsistent transcriptomic responses to hexabromocyclododecane in Japanese quail: a comparative analysis of results from four different study designs
Authors: Béziers Paul , Legrand Elena , Boulanger Emily , Basu Niladri , Ewald Jessica D , Henry Paula , Hecker Markus , Xia Jianguo , Karouna-Renier Natalie , Crump Doug , Head Jessica 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Efforts to use transcriptomics for toxicity testing have classically relied on the assumption that chemicals consistently produce characteristic transcriptomic signatures that are reflective of their mechanism of action. However, the degree to which transcriptomic responses are conserved across different test methodologies has seldom been explored. With increasing regulatory demand for New Approach Methods (NAMs) that use alternatives to animal models and high-content approaches such as transcriptomics, this type of comparative analysis is needed. We examined whether common genes are dysregulated in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) liver following sublethal exposure to the flame retardant hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), when life stage and test methodologies differ. The four exposure scenarios included one NAM: Study 1—early-life stage (ELS) exposure via a single egg injection, and three more traditional approaches; Study 2—adult exposure using a single oral gavage; Study 3—ELS exposure via maternal deposition after adults were exposed through their diet for 7 weeks; and Study 4—ELS exposure via maternal deposition and re-exposure of nestlings through their diet for 17 weeks. The total number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) detected in each study was variable (Study 1, 550; Study 2, 192; Study 3, 1; Study 4, 3) with only 19 DEGs shared between Studies 1 and 2. Factors contributing to this lack of concordance are discussed and include differences in dose, but also quail strain, exposure route, sampling time, and HBCD stereoisomer composition. The results provide a detailed overview of the transcriptomic responses to HBCD at different life stages and routes of exposure in a model avian species and highlight certain challenges and limits of comparing transcriptomics across different test methodologies.
Adapting and combining foresight and ex ante impact pathway evaluation for place‐based research planning with stakeholders
Authors: Blundo‐Canto Genowefa , Ferré Marie , Tibaduiza‐Castaneda Leidy , Andrieu Nadine , Fréguin‐Gresh Sandrine , Rodriguez‐Borray Gonzalo , Santacruz‐Castro Adriana , Mercandalli Sara 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEvaluators widely utilize theory of change or impact pathway approaches to design and evaluate interventions. In research settings, there is increasing demand for ex ante impact pathways that are place‐based, coherent, and plausible, in order to foster more impactful interventions. Foresight approaches, which enable a collaborative, structured, and systematic way to anticipate, prepare, and affect the course of change, can help achieve this by exploring diverse future scenarios, the consequences of different assumptions, or how to overcome threats and leverage opportunities for change. Through three case examples, we show how foresight tools used prior to developing impact pathways can free participants from preconceived notions of the intervention's context, actors, and impacts, and thus support creative and systemic analyses of the future to rethink the present. They extend the analysis of how different actors can shape the future, identifying effects that might otherwise be overlooked or marginalized during the planning and evaluation of the intervention, while also helping to identify the conditions necessary for desired impacts. Nonetheless, their use entails evaluative judgments about the potential impacts to be prioritized in intervention design and evaluation. This is especially relevant in the case of research where scientific or technical aspects are usually prioritized. Finally, there is an entry cost to foresight tools for evaluators, in particular for the facilitation of strategic thinking about the future. However, we recommend them as a worthwhile addition to the evaluator's toolbox to broaden the scope of design and evaluation.
A review of sphingolipids from marine sources and their analytical method, metabolic process, and essential roles in human health
Authors: Wang Xinwen , Zhao Mantong , Xia Guanghua , Shi Haohao , Li Chuan , Shen Xuanri , Rakariyatham Kanyasiri , He Saijun , Liu Zhongyuan , Zhou Dayong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSphingolipids (SLs) are a class of lipids that are essential components of cell membranes. The main SLs and the metabolites include sphingomyelin, ceramide, and glycosphingolipids. They serve as signaling molecules and can regulate various cellular processes including proliferation, migration, senescence, and apoptosis that are essential for human health. SLs from marine organisms exhibit special structures and diverse physiological functions due to the extreme environment, which have attracted ever‐increasing attention recently. In this review, the contents and structures of SLs from marine sources, analytical methods, their metabolic pathways, as well as the physiological functions, especially the ability for the prevention and/or treatment of various diseases, including immunity, metabolic syndrome, neuroinflammatory, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer, were discussed.
A Federated Learning Framework for Brain Tumor Segmentation Without Sharing Patient Data
Authors: Zhang Wei , Jin Wei , Rho Seungmin , Jiang Feng , Yang Chi‐fu 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBrain tumors pose a significant threat to human health, necessitating early detection and accurate diagnosis to enhance treatment outcomes. However, centralized data collection and processing encounter challenges related to privacy breaches and data integration due to the sensitivity and diversity of brain tumor patient data. In response, this paper proposes an innovative federated learning‐based approach for brain tumor detection, facilitating multicenter data sharing while safeguarding individual data privacy. Our proposed federated learning architecture features each medical center as a participant, with each retaining local data and engaging in secure communication with a central server. Within this federated migration learning framework, each medical center independently trains a base model on its local data and transmits a fraction of the model's parameters to the central server. The central server leverages these parameters for model aggregation and knowledge sharing, facilitating the exchange and migration of models among participating medical centers. This collaborative approach empowers individual medical centers to share knowledge and experiences, thereby enhancing the performance and accuracy of the brain tumor detection model. To validate our federated learning model, we conduct comprehensive evaluations using an independent test dataset, comparing its performance with traditional centralized learning approaches. The experimental results underscore the superiority of the federated learning‐based brain tumor detection approach, achieving heightened detection performance compared with traditional methods while meticulously preserving data privacy. In conclusion, our study presents an innovative solution for effective data collaboration and privacy protection in the realm of brain tumor detection, holding promising clinical applications. The federated learning approach not only advances detection accuracy but also establishes a secure and privacy‐preserving foundation for collaborative research in medical imaging.
Associations between parental civic engagement, negative beliefs toward civic engagement and youths' future civic attitudes and behaviors
Authors: Fliaguine Olga , Thuot‐Jolicoeur Aurélie , Poulin François , Denault Anne‐Sophie , Robitaille Jean , Geoffroy Marie‐Claude , Philippe Frederick L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionCivic engagement (CE) in adolescence is associated with a higher level of engagement in adulthood and is reported to be beneficial to youth's development and societal well‐being. Parents are among the most influential factors in adolescents' lives. This study examined the associations between parents' own civic participation, their negative beliefs toward youth CE and their child's future CE. While prior research documented positive associations between parental civic behaviors and youth CE, the role of parental negative beliefs has remained unexplored and could act as an additional barrier to adolescents' CE.MethodsA total of 234 adolescents (65% girls; mean age = 13.77) and their parents (79% mothers; mean age = 44.20), residing in the Canadian province of Quebec from 2016 to 2019, were recruited for this cross‐sectional study. Parents completed measures of their civic activities and their negative beliefs regarding youth CE. Adolescents completed measures of future civic attitudes and behaviors.ResultsHierarchical regressions revealed significant positive cross‐sectional associations between parental civic behaviors and their child's future civic attitudes and behaviors. However, parental negative beliefs toward youth CE were negatively associated with youths' future civic attitudes and behaviors, even after considering parental civic behaviors and family socioeconomic status. Adolescents' age did not moderate these relationships.ConclusionThese findings highlight the significant role that parents could play in shaping CE of future generations. Interventions promoting youth CE should thus target both adolescents and their parents.
Smart wireless flexible bandage containing drug loaded polycaprolactone microparticles for real‐time monitoring and treatment of chronic wounds
Authors: Pazhouhnia Zahra , Farzin Ali , Rastgar Hossein , Dadgarnezhad Manoochehr , Jannat Behrooz 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe quality of life is negatively impacted by chronic wounds for more than 25 million people in the US. They are quite prone to infection, which may lead to the eventual loss of a limb. By exposing the ulcers to treatment agents at the appropriate time, the healing rate is increased. On‐demand drug release in a closed‐loop system will aid us in reaching our goal. In this study, we have developed a platform capable of real‐time diagnosis of bacterial infection by wirelessly reading wound pH, as well as slow and on‐demand local administration of antibiotics. The drug carrier microparticles, an electrical patch, a thermoresponsive hydrogel with an integrated microheater, and a flexible pH sensor comprised the closed‐loop patch. Here it is reported that slow and smart release of cefazolin can be addressed by incorporation of drug encapsulated hydrophobic microparticles embedded into a thermo‐responsive hydrogel. The utilization of a programmable bandage to provide antibiotic medication highlights the need of not only choosing appropriate therapeutic substances but also the controlled release of the medicine and its rate of release within the wound area. The results of our study indicate that the use of cefazolin encapsulated polycaprolactone (PCL) microparticles can effectively regulate the application of antibiotic treatment for chronic skin wounds. The results also showed a substantial gradual release of cefazolin from the thermo‐responsive Pnipam hydrogel when the wound dressing was subjected to a temperature of 37°C. We believe that the developed flexible smart bandage can have a significant impact on chronic wound healing.
Structure‐based design, synthesis, and biological characterization of indolylarylsulfone derivatives as novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 inhibitors with potent antiviral activities and favorable drug‐like profiles
Authors: Wang Zhao , Wang Wenbo , Gao Zhen , Gao Huizhan , Clercq Erik De , Pannecouque Christophe , Chen Chin‐Ho , Kang Dongwei , Zhan Peng , Liu Xinyong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the current antiretroviral landscape, continuous efforts are still needed to search for novel chemotypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) inhibitors with improved drug resistance profiles and favorable drug‐like properties. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, biological characterization, and druggability evaluation of a class of non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Guided by the available crystallographic information, a series of novel indolylarylsulfone derivatives were rationally discovered via the substituent decorating strategy to fully explore the chemical space of the entrance channel. Among them, compound 11h bearing the cyano‐substituted benzyl moiety proved to be the most effective inhibitor against HIV‐1 wild‐type and mutant strains (EC50 = 0.0039–0.338 μM), being far more potent than or comparable to etravirine and doravirine. Besides, 11h did not exhibit cytotoxicity at the maximum test concentration. Meanwhile, the binding target of 11h was further confirmed to be reverse transcriptase (IC50 = 0.055 μM). Preliminary structure–activity relationship were discussed to guide further optimization work. Molecular docking and dynamics simulation studies were investigated in detail to rationalize the biological evaluation results. Further drug‐likeness assessment indicated that 11h possessed excellent physicochemical properties. Moreover, no apparent hERG blockade liability and cytochrome P450 inhibition were observed for 11h. Notably, 11h was characterized by favorable in vitro metabolic stability with moderate clearance rates and long half‐lives in human plasma and liver microsomes. Overall, 11h holds great promise as an ideal Anti‐HIV‐1 lead compound due to its potent antiviral efficacy, low toxicity, and favorable drug‐like profiles.