bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of atomistic features in plasmon–exciton coupling and charge transfer driven by a single molecule in a metallic nanocavity
Authors: Candelas Bruno , Zabala Nerea , Koval Peter , Babaze Antton , Sánchez-Portal Daniel , Aizpurua Javier 
Published: July 2024

When an organic molecule is placed inside a plasmonic cavity formed by two metallic nanoparticles (MNP) under illumination, the electronic excitations of the molecule couple to the plasmonic electromagnetic modes of the cavity, inducing new hybrid light–matter states called polaritons. Atomistic ab initio methods accurately describe the coupling between MNPs and molecules at the nanometer scale and allow us to analyze how atomistic features influence the interaction. In this work, we study the optical response of a porphine molecule coupled to a silver nanoparticle dimer from first principles, within the linear-response time-dependent density functional theory framework, using the recently developed Python Numeric Atomic Orbitals implementation to compute the optical excitations. The optical spectra show the splitting of the resonances of the plasmonic dimer and the molecule into two distinct polaritons, a characteristic feature of the strong light–matter coupling regime. Our results stress the importance of atomistic features, such as the gap configuration in determining the plasmon–exciton coupling strength and in the emergence of molecule-mediated charge-transfer plasmon (CTP) resonances at lower frequencies. Moreover, we show that the strength of the CTP resonance can be tuned by shifting the alignment of the molecular energy levels with respect to the Fermi level of the MNPs.
A reasonable method to reduce the volume of the WC anvil
Authors: Wang Shengxue , Zhou Hao , Yang Zhenze , Teng Yu , Zhao Hongyu , Ma Hongan , Jia Xiaopeng 
Published: July 2024

With the continuous development of the diamond industry, the China-type cubic press (CCP) has gradually become larger. As a result, the volume of the tungsten carbide (WC) anvil has been increased. Considering that the WC anvil is sintered, a larger volume will deteriorate sintering quality, which could facilitate the formation of cracks during its operation. One feasible way to reduce the volume of the WC anvil is to decrease its diameter and height. Along these lines, in this work, by performing finite element simulations, it was found that a reduction in the diameter of the WC anvil would increase the von Mises stress (VMS) during the synthesis process, as well as reduce the service life of the WC anvil and the ultimate pressure of the CCP. At the same time, a smaller diameter of the WC anvil would cause a significant increase in the VMS of the base steel block, exceeding its yield limit. In addition, a reduction in the height of the WC anvil would lessen the VMS during the synthesis process, and the VMS of the base steel block will also decrease. A reduction in the height of the WC anvil will decrease the pretightening force on the WC anvil, thereby reducing its lateral support effect. When the interference fit was increased from 0.6 to 0.8 mm and the steel ring angle was changed from 1.5° to 1.1°, the pretightening force on the low WC anvil was similar to the pretightening force on the original WC anvil. Our work provides valuable insights for effectively reducing the volume of the WC anvil.
Planet in danger! Climate emotions in English
Authors: Bromhead Helen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
People can respond to the planet in danger through emotions. In English, some of the most common emotional
reactions to the climate crisis have been labelled with terms such as eco-anxiety, climate
grief and ecological distress. This chapter takes the popular, rather than academic, reception
of these emotion terms based on a collection of English-language podcasts. As a cultural pragmatics study, its method is
semantically-enhanced discourse studies, which draws on natural semantic metalanguage (NSM) approach. Through examination of
popular discussions of climate emotions, which show some diversity of opinion, the chapter moves to put forward an emotion
model for overarching relevant ecological feelings and an action model for a typical motivation of School Strikers. These
models constitute two innovative representations arising from semantically-enhanced discourse studies. The chapter ends with
some proposals for how to study the pragmatics of emotions and how to work with novel, often environmental, vocabulary for
which fixed senses have not settled.
The mechanism of tuning filler orientation degree in composites based on AC electric field assist: from microscopic dynamical model to macroscopic electrical properties
Authors: Yao Huanmin , Mu Haibao , Li He , Qian Zhiyuan , Liu Chengshan , Li Wendong , Zhang Daning , Zhang Guanjun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Using the AC electric field to induce the orientation of nonlinear conductive fillers in composites is an effective solution for alleviating electric field distortion in power modules. However, the mechanism by which the electric field affects the filler dynamic characteristics and the composites’ electrical properties remains unclear. In this paper, the correlation between the microscopic dynamic processes of fillers and the macroscopic current amplitude was analyzed. The results show that the current increases rapidly (0 ∼ 173 s) and then slowly (173 ∼ 869 s) at 600 V mm−1, influenced by the rotation and attraction processes of the fillers. This demonstrates that the orientation stops at about 869 s and the filler orientation state is a key factor in determining the dielectric properties. Secondly, the global orientation evaluation index D for the filler network was proposed, which can also derive the minimum time and energy loss required for preparation. Finally, the impact of different filler orientations on the composites’ conductivity was investigated. In the low electric field stress region, with the average carrier jump distance decreasing from 150.23 to 109.71 nm as the D increases from −0.93 to −0.05. On this basis, materials with nonlinear conductivity gradient distribution can be easily prepared. Before optimization, the electric field stress of the power module at the triple point was 35.79 kV. This composite can reduce the value to 15.42 kV, a decrease of 56.9%, while maintaining good electric field uniformity.
Effects of vacancy defects and atomic doping on the electronic and magnetic properties of puckered penta-like PdPSe monolayer: an Ab initio study
Authors: Bafekry A , Faraji M , Abdolahzadeh Ziabari A , Javad Musavi S , Fadlallah M M , Ghergherehchi M , Soo Chang Gap 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The experimental knowledge of two-dimensional penta-like PdPSe monolayer is largely based on a recent publication (Li et al 2021 Adv. Mater. 2102541). Therefore, the aim of our research is consequently to explore the effect of vacancy defects and substitutional doping on the electronic properties of the novel penta-PdPSe monolayer by using first-principles calculations. Penta-like PdPSe is a semiconductor with an indirect bandgap of 1.40 eV. We show that Pd and Se vacancy defected structures are semiconductors with band gaps of 1.10 eV and 0.95 eV respectively. While P single vacancy and double vacancy defected structures are metals. The doping with Ag (at Pd site) and Si (at P site) convert the PdPSe to nonmagnetic metallic monolayer while the doping with Rh (at Pd site), Se (at P site) and As (at site Se) convert it to diluted magnetic semiconductors with the magnetic moment of 1 µ

B
. The doping with Pt (at the Pd site), As (at the P site), S and Te (at Se site) are indirect semiconductors with a bandgap of ∼1.2 eV. We undertook this theoretical study to inspire many experimentalists to focus on penta-like PdPSe monolayer growth incorporating different impurities and by defect engineering to tune the novel two dimensional materials (PdPSe) properties for the advanced nanoelectronic application.
Ferroelectricity-controlled magnetic ordering and spin photocurrent in NiCl2/GeS multiferroic heterostructures
Authors: Arora Anu , Nandi Pradip , De Sarkar Abir 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Controlling magnetism solely through electrical means is indeed a significant challenge, yet holds great potential for advancing information technology. Herein, our investigation presents a promising avenue for electrically manipulating magnetic ordering within 2D van der Waals NiCl2/GeS heterostructures. These heterostructures, characterized by their unique magnetic-ferroelectric (FE) layer stacking, demonstrate spin-constrained photoelectric memory, enabling low-power electrical writing and non-destructive optical reading. The two orientations of the polarization in the GeS FE layer bring about changes in the ground state configuration, transitioning from ferromagnetic (FM) to antiferromagnetic (AFM) orderings within the NiCl2 magnetic layer. Correspondingly, the light-induced charge transfer prompts either spin-polarized or unpolarized currents from the FM or AFM states, serving as distinct ‘1’ or ‘0’ states, and facilitating applications in logic processing and memory devices. This transition stems from the interplay of interfacial charge transfer mechanisms and the influence of the effective electric field (E
eff), bringing a non-volatile electric enhancement in the magnetic anisotropy energy within the NiCl2/GeS heterostructure. Overall, our study highlights the NiCl2/GeS heterostructure as an optimal candidate for realizing spin-dependent photoelectric memory, offering unprecedented opportunities for seamlessly integrating memory processing capabilities into a single device through the utilization of layered multiferroic heterostructures.
Eliminating thermal responses of stay cables by partially missing sensors toward more reliable and robust SHM
Authors: Chen Si-Xin , Lin Wei-Qiang , Zhu Zhi-Wen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In structural health monitoring (SHM), data normalization is important since the features sensitive to potential damages may be buried by the operational and environmental effects. Although cables are critical components in cable-stayed bridges, their temperature effects have not been sufficiently studied. To bridge this gap, this study proposed a framework to capture and eliminate the thermal response (TR) of cable forces to enhance the reliability of SHM. Specifically, empirical wavelet transform was used to approximate the TR, and gated recurrent unit was used to learn to infer the TR based on field monitored temperature field (TF) data. In addition, a recovery mechanism called generative adversarial imputation nets (GAIN) was introduced to recover the TF from partial sensors to enhance the robustness of this method. Four cables of a bridge, covering long or short, side span or midspan, are investigated. Results show that the developed model can well capture the TR, which contributes to 63%–93% of the total variation of cable forces. By eliminating the TR, the entropy can be reduced by 19%–43% and obtain 0.7–1.4 bits. It is also shown that the introduction of GAIN makes the sensing of TF robust to sensor missing, even when the missing ratio reaches 28.6%, and thus makes the TR inference robust. It is expected that this study can bring more reliable and robust SHM for critical infrastructures.
Ultrathin In2O3 thin-film transistors deposited from trimethylindium and ozone
Authors: Zhu Jianzhang , Li Jinxiong , Ju Shanshan , Lu Lei , Zhang Shengdong , Wang Xinwei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Indium oxide (In2O3) is a promising channel material for thin-film transistors (TFTs). In this work, we develop an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process of using trimethylindium and ozone (O3) to deposit In2O3 films and fabricate ultrathin In2O3 TFTs. The In2O3 TFTs with 4 nm channel thickness show generally good switching characteristics with a high I
on/I
off of 108, a high mobility (μ
FE) of 16.2

c

m

2

V

−
1

s

−
1

and a positive threshold voltage (V
th) of 0.48 V. Although the 4 nm In2O3 TFTs exhibit short channel effect, it can be improved by adding an ALD Ga2O3 capping layer to afford the bilayer In2O3/Ga2O3 channel structure. The afforded In2O3/Ga2O3 TFTs exhibit improved immunity to the short channel effect, with good TFT characteristics of I
on/I
off of 107, μ
FE of 9.3

c

m

2

V

−
1

s

−
1

, and positive V
th of 2.23 V. Overall, the thermal budget of the entire process is only 400 °C, which is suitable for the display and CMOS back-end-of-line-compatible applications.
G band enhancement in ABt-twisted trilayer graphene
Authors: Luo Ronghui , Li Xiaofeng , Li Xiao , Liu Zhibo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
G band, originating from the in-plane vibrations of carbon atoms, is the main signature in Raman spectroscopy of graphene-based systems. It is often used to characterize the sample quality and obtain molecular vibration information. Here we investigate the Raman spectroscopy of ABt-twisted trilayer graphene (ABt-TTG) and observe two enhancement centers for the G band across samples with different twist angles. To understand the origin of these two enhancement centers, we theoretically calculate the G band intensity of ABt-TTG based on the continuum model. We find that the theoretical calculations exhibit two prominent peaks corresponding to the experimental observations after Fermi velocity corrections. We also investigated the real and imaginary parts of Raman resonances, respectively, and explained the origins of two enhancements of ABt-TTG. By using Raman spectroscopy, evolutions of band structures of ABt-TTG with respect to the twist angles can be characterized, which extends the potential applications of the Raman method in the investigation of electronic structures of graphene-based systems.
Commissioning an ultra-high-dose-rate electron linac with end-to-end tests
Authors: Dai Tianyuan , Sloop Austin M , Ashraf Muhammad R , Sunnerberg Jacob P , Clark Megan A , Bruza Petr , Pogue Brian W , Jarvis Lesley , Gladstone David J , Zhang Rongxiao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective. The FLASH effect can potentially be used to improve the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy (RT) through delivery of Ultra-high-dose-rate (UHDR) irradiation. Research is actively being conducted to translate UHDR-RT and for this purpose the Mobetron is capable of producing electron beams at both UHDR and conventional dose rates for FLASH research and translation. This work presents commissioning of an UHDR Mobetron with end-to-end tests developed for preclinical research. Approach. UHDR electron beams were commissioned with an efficient approach utilizing a 3D-printed water tank and film to fully characterize beam characteristics and dependences on field size, pulse width (PW) and pulse repetition frequency (PRF). This commissioning data was used to implement a beam model using the GAMOS Monte Carlo toolkit for the preclinical research. Then, the workflow for preclinical FLASH irradiation was validated with end-to-end tests delivered to a 3D-printed mouse phantom with internal inhomogeneities. Main results. PDDs, profiles and output factors acquired with radiochromic films were precisely measured, with a PRF that showed little effect on the UHDR beam energy and spatial characteristics. Increasing PW reduced the D
max and R50 by 2.08 mm µs−1 and 1.28 mm µs−1 respectively. An end-to-end test of the preclinical research workflow showed that both profiles in head-foot and lateral directions were in good agreement with the MC calculations for the heterogeneous 3D printed mouse phantom with Gamma index above 93% for 2 mm/2% criteria, and 99% for 3 mm/3%. Significance. The UHDR Mobetron is a versatile tool for FLASH preclinical research and this comprehensive beam model and workflow was validated to meet the requirements for conducting translational FLASH research.
Analysis in microwave-driven plasma for miniature space propulsion
Authors: Kim Kyungtae , Chai Kil-Byoung , Yun Gunsu S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Microwave-driven Coaxial Transmission Line Resonator (µ-CTLR) produces a small-volume high density plasma plume. In the previous study, we discovered that the plasma generated by the µ-CTLR remains stable even at low pressure around tens of mTorr, while consuming minimal power below 10 W (Kim et al 2022 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.
31 105006). In this study, we have investigated the capability of the µ-CTLR plasma operating at 900 MHz for micro-propulsion applications. At the argon gas flow rate of 100 SCCM (3 mg s−1), and the power of 8 W, the plasma plume attains high gas temperature (

>

3000 K), high electron density (

>

10

20

m

−
3

), and electron temperature of about 2 eV. The estimated thrust is about 3.4 mN, demonstrating that the µ-CTLR has high thrust desirable for space micro propulsion systems, together with the other merits of low power consumption and small size.
Topology optimization of smart structures to enhance the performances of vibration control and energy harvesting
Authors: Sena J P , de Lima A M G , Bouhaddi N , Kacem N 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
With the growing interest in smart materials, the utilization of shunted piezoceramics for dynamic vibration control has gained significant attention due to their unique characteristics, such as the ability to absorb strain energy from vibrating systems and convert it into electrical energy. Designing and analyzing the behavior of structures in hybrid mitigation/harvesting conditions, considering both reliability and performance, pose challenges. This paper aims to achieve optimal design parameters for the structure by employing a multiobjective optimization approach that strikes a compromise between maximizing harvested power and minimizing structural damage. To evaluate the effectiveness of the design, topology optimization was conducted in three different cases to compare the results. By systematically exploring the design space, these cases provide insights into the influence of various parameters on the structural performance. In addition, to enhance computational efficiency, the structure was represented as a metamodel using neural networks. This approach enables rapid evaluation and prediction of the structure’s behavior, facilitating the optimization process. By integrating multiobjective optimization, topology optimization, and metamodeling techniques, this study aims to provide valuable insights into the optimal design of structures that simultaneously incorporate shunt circuitry for vibration control and energy harvesting, leading to improved performance and reliability.
Æther coupling effects on casimir energy for self-interacting scalar field within extra dimension
Authors: Valuyan M A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper presents comprehensive calculations for thermal and first-order radiative corrections to the Casimir energy in systems involving self-interacting massive and massless scalar fields coupled with æther in a fifth compact dimension. The method used to compute the radiative correction to the Casimir energy differs from conventional approaches by applying a unique renormalization scheme that is consistent with specific boundary conditions or backgrounds. Despite this divergence from conventional methodologies, our results demonstrate consistency within established physical limits. Furthermore, employing a toy model, we calculated the total Casimir energy density in the bulk, taking into account both thermal and radiative corrections. We also provide a thorough characterization of the total Casimir energy density in the compact dimension, detailing its magnitude and sign using graphical representations and quantitative data.
Potential for multi-application advancements from doping zirconium (Zr) for improved optical, electrical, and resistive memory properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films
Authors: Chawla Amit K , Hothi Navjot , Umamaheswara Rao Akula , Kharb Archana Singh , Chanana Avaani , Mir Kifayat H , Kumar Pramod , Garg Tarun , Chawla Vipin , Jain Ravish , Pant Charu , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Transition metal-doped Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films with an optimal wide band gap and semiconducting nature find numerous applications in optoelectronic devices, gas sensors, spintronic devices, and electronics. In this study, Zirconium (Zr) doped ZnO thin films were deposited on ITO (Indium Tin oxide) coated glass substrate using RF-magnetron sputtering. Optical and electrical properties were examined for their potential use in resistive random-access memory (RRAM) applications. X-ray Diffraction (XRD), UV–vis spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate structural, optical, and compositional properties and roughness respectively. The results demonstrate that the films possess crystalline properties. Additionally, an augmentation in Zr concentration correlates with an elevation in the optical band gap, ascending from 3.226 eV to 3.26 eV, accompanied by an increase in Urbach energy from 0.0826 eV to 0.1234 eV. The film with the highest Zr content among all the films demonstrated the best electrical performance for resistive memory applications. Incorporating Zr as a dopant shows enhancement in the electrical performance and such ZnO films with optimum concertation of Zr can potentially be used in RRAM. ZnO being a versatile host material, its doping with Zr may extend its applications in catalysis, gas sensing, energy storage, and biomedical engineering. ZnO thin films employ zirconium (Zr) as a dopant, which is a novel way to improve the material’s characteristics. Although ZnO has been thoroughly researched, adding Zr presents a novel technique to enhance optical, electrical, and resistive memory characteristics all at once that has not been fully investigated.
Privacy-preserving keyword query quantum scheme for outsourced data in cloud environments
Authors: Jia Qianqian , Shi Run-hua , Li Huijie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Cloud computing, as a popular technology in recent years, has greatly facilitated the development of data outsourcing services. However, when users access sensitive data stored in the cloud, ensuring the security of data remains a pressing challenge. In this paper, we present a privacy-preserving keyword query scheme for outsourced data in cloud environment. Furthermore, to implement this scheme, we propose a series of quantum basic protocols with single qubits. The proposed basic protocols do not require the execution of quantum gate operations, and the necessary measurements are only Bell measurements based on measurement-device-independence. Therefore, it is practical and feasible under current technology. Moreover, compared with classical schemes, our scheme has higher security (i.e., quantum security). Finally, we conduct simulation experiments in IBM Qiskit to verify the correctness and feasibility of the critical parts of the scheme.