bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Typology of hyperthymic personalities with affective phases
Authors: Barkhatova A. , Churkina A. , Sorokin S. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Modern authors characterize hyperthymic individuals as eloquent, humorous, self-confident, optimistic, energetic, liberated, sexually active, constantly planning and implementing their plans. Four or more of the listed characteristics indicate the individual’s involvement in the circle of hyperthymic people. Statistical data on the prevalence of hyperthymic is scarce, which is due to rare requests for help and the diagnosis of this condition not as a disease, but within the framework of characterological traits. Attempts to classify hyperthymics have been made more than once, but previously none of the authors divided them according to the presence of side character traits in the personality structure.ObjectivesTo establish psychopathological types of hyperthymic individuals in whom affective states were formed.Methods
The sample consisted of 50 patients (42 women, 8 men) who were on inpatient or outpatient treatment at the clinic since 2019 to 2022. Patients were examined by clinical-psychopathological, clinical-anamnestic methods due to the presence of a phase affective state.Results
Four types of hyperthymic personalities have been identified: anxious-hyperthymic, hysterical-hyperthymic, schizoid-hyperthymic and standard hyperthymic. Anxious-hyperthymic type,
20% (n=10) characterized by a combination of increased activity, sociability with such traits as suspiciousness, perfectionism, meticulousness, exactingness, concern for one’s health and the desire to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Hysterical-hyperthymic type,
46% (n=23) includes both hyperthymic and hysterical traits in the form of increased emotionality, egocentrism, drama, and desire for recognition from others. In addition, patients in this group are characterized by increased concern about their appearance (bright clothes, makeup, tattoos). Schizoid-hyperthymic type,
10% (n=5). In addition to increased activity and emancipation, patients in this group are prone to fantasizing, overvalued hobbies, sthenicity, emotional poverty and rationalism. Standard type,
24% (n=12) are characterized by the presence of typical hyperthymic traits - optimism, energy, constant desire for productive activity, success in the chosen profession, rapid career growth, sociability, openness.ConclusionsHyperthymic individuals with the development of affective phases are heterogeneous in their psychopathological structure and have features of the pathocharacterological structure that make it possible to distinguish anxious-hyperthymic, hysterical-hyperthymic, schizoid-hyperthymic and standard types. The developed classification of hyperthymia reveals the predominance of the hysterical-hyperthymic type (46%).Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Achieving self-awareness through film screening “Twin Peaks” By D. Lynch as an example of mindfulness meditation
Authors: Nowocień J. K. , Szejko N. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionTranscendental cinema, distinguished from slow cinema by Paul Schreader, draws on the philosophy of existentialism and depicts the complexity of the human psyche using psychoanalytic tools. We claim that through the use of special procedures, the projection of transcendental cinema essentially becomes a meditation session in the spirit of mindfulness, which has been proven to alleviate and cure more than just neuropsychiatric ailments.ObjectivesThe purpose of this work is to demonstrate the similarity between mindfulness philosophy and transcendental cinema. We believe that the assumptions of both currents are so similar that we can treat the film screening in the category of a meditation session. Thus, we arrive at a situation in which we not only watch the protagonist developing his own consciousness in accordance with the mindfulness philosophy (also following the path of psychoanalysis), but also we, as viewers, develop self-awareness.MethodsWe analyze D. Lynch’s Twin Peaks series in accordance with Paul Schrader’s understanding of ‘transcendental cinema’. In addition, we use the scientific achievements of classical psychoanalysts, analyzing the metaphysical world of the characters in accordance with this trend. Using J. Kabat Zinn’s scientific publications, we analyze cinema in terms of a meditation session.ResultsParticipation is crucial; in meditation and in the transcendental cinema. Mindfulness means focusing on the emotions and feelings experienced at a given moment, on what comes to us, what we experience. Transcendental cinema using specific formal and narrative tools (e.g. extended scenes, no cuts, etc.) forces us to actively participate. Transcendental cinema fulfills the tenets of mindfulness, and during the screening we undergo a meditation session. What’s more, this style in cinema allows an in-depth exploration of the psyche, it brings us closer to the metaphysical, emotional dimension of humanity what develops in us the ability to understand the psyche of others, as well as our own.ConclusionsWe claim that the similarity between the philosophy of mindfulness and transcendental cinema allows us to treat a film screening as a meditation session. Cinema enriches us not only with knowledge about disorders and the therapeutic process, but is in itself a supportive tool - screening can allow viewers to deepen their awareness and improve their health. What is more, David Lynch’s work brings us closer to exploring the human psyche and the individualization of inner experiences, while also showing us what influence transcendental meditation has on characters and what happens when they undergo a kind of therapy; in the spirit of psychoanalysis or mindfulness philosophy.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Post-traumatic stress disorder in parents of schizophrenic patients at the Arrazi Psychiatric Hospital in Salé following familial violence
Authors: Ait Bensaid N. , El Omari F. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionParents whose adult child has a serious mental illness are at risk of serious violence from their child. One of the reasons for the high risk of PTSD is violence in the home [1,2]. The high risk of PTSD in parents of patients with schizophrenia is an issue of great concern because parents are likely to fear repeated violence and, therefore, to object to patients being discharged from hospital.Objectives
To assess the existence of post-traumatic stress disorder in relatives of patients with schizophrenia treated at the Arrazi University Psychiatric Hospital in Salé following familial violence.MethodsThis was a descriptive cross-sectional study using a questionnaire including sociodemographic criteria, clinical criteria, questions about domestic violence and an “IES-R” post-traumatic stress symptom assessment questionnaire to investigate the existence of post-traumatic stress disorder in relatives of patients with schizophrenia followed up at Arrazi University Psychiatric Hospital in Salé following familial violence.ResultsThe response of 72 relatives of schizophrenic patients was collected. About 70% of the participants were mothers. The average age of the participants was 58. All lived with children who had been treated for schizophrenia for more than 18 years (57% of participants). Around 20% of these children were in hospital at the time of completing this questionnaire.

About 80% of the children with schizophrenia spent all their time at home, and about 89% of the participants had already been victims of violence from their sick children. 90% had been sworn at and insulted, the majority blamed themselves for the illness, about 56% had already been kicked or punched, and 36% had already received death threats and 12% serious injuries/.

For all items, parents with a high IES-R score had significantly more experiences of violence than parents with a low IES-R score. The percentage of parents with a high IES-R score was 45%.Conclusions
The experience of severe violence and hospitalisation of a patient was related to a high risk of post-traumatic stress disorder in parents. These two factors can be considered as traumatic events arising from crisis situations and can have harmful consequences for parents and their schizophrenic children, who are sometimes rejected. There seems to be a need to create crisis intervention programmes that offer a multidisciplinary approach capable of rapidly detecting the exacerbation of a serious mental illness and providing rapid and intensive treatment as quickly as possible. Finally, the provision of support, education or treatment for parents during their child’s hospitalisation is essential.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
A randomized controlled trial comparing trauma-focused treatment with and without concurrent personality disorder treatment in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid borderline personality disorder
Authors: Snoek A. , Dekker J. , Beekman A. , Beekman A. , Aarts I. , Aarts I. , van den End A. , Blankers M. , Vriend C. , van den Heuvel O. , Thomaes K. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) often co-occur. There is growing motivation among clinicians to offer trauma-focused treatments, such as Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), to patients with PTSD and comorbid BPD. However, a large subgroup of these patients does not sufficiently respond to trauma-focused treatment and is more likely to be excluded or dropout from treatment. Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) for BPD is well established and although there is some evidence that DBT combined with prolonged exposure is twice as effective in reducing PTSD symptoms than DBT alone, the comparative efficacy of trauma-focused treatment with and without concurrent PD treatment has not been investigated yet.ObjectivesThe current study will therefore evaluate the comparative clinical efficacy of EMDR with and without concurrent DBT in patients with PTSD and comorbid BPD.MethodsAdult patients were randomly assigned to EMDR with (n = 63) or without concurrent DBT (n = 63). A wide range of clinician-administered and self-report assessments were conducted before, during and up to six months after treatment. The longitudinal change in PTSD severity as the primary outcome was measured using multilevel mixed regression in SPSS. The present study is part of the overarching Prediction and Outcome Study in comorbid PTSD and Personality Disorders (PROSPER), which consists of a second RCT comparing trauma-focused treatment with and without concurrent PD treatment in patients with PTSD and cluster C PD.ResultsResults, available in January 2024, will reveal which treatment works best for this difficult-to-treat group of patients.ConclusionsThis is the first study to compare the clinical efficacy of EMDR with and without concurrent DBT in patients with PTSD and comorbid BPD. Results will reveal which treatment works best for this difficult-to-treat group of patients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The Role of Alcohol Use Disorders in the Development and Progression of Dementia
Authors: Abu Shehab A. H. I. , Simona T. , Ciubară A. B. , Voinescu D. C. , Buciu C.-F. , Ciubară A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIn recent years, there has been an increase in interest and research into the link between alcohol use disorders (AUD) and dementia. Alcohol use disorders, which are characterised by excessive and problematic alcohol consumption, have been associated to a variety of detrimental health effects, including liver disease, cardiovascular difficulties, and cognitive impairments.ObjectivesTo explore the link between alcohol use disorders and dementia onset and progression, explaining probable causes and emphasising preventive approaches.Methods
The present study involved a thorough examination of relevant research papers, with a specific emphasis on longitudinal cohort studies, neuropathological observations, and biochemical interactions pertaining to the effects of alcohol on the brain. In addition to the aforementioned criteria, the review also took into account other complicating factors, including choices regarding lifestyle, genetic predisposition, and coexisting medical conditions.Results
The results indicate a strong association between prolonged and excessive alcohol consumption and a heightened susceptibility to the early onset of dementia. The mechanisms underlying alcohol-related neurological damage encompass direct neurotoxic effects of alcohol, thiamine shortage, and alcohol-related cerebrovascular illness. Moreover, it is worth noting that alcohol use disorder (AUD) has the potential to worsen the advancement of neurodegenerative processes in individuals already diagnosed with dementia.ConclusionsThe association between AUD (Alcohol Use Disorder) and dementia is complex and involves multiple factors, presenting considerable difficulties in terms of clinical intervention and treatment. The use of early intervention strategies and public health initiatives focused on addressing alcohol use disorder (AUD) could have a significant impact on preventing or reducing the development of dementia.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Assessment of the relationship between psychotic-like experiences and traumatic life events: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Boudriga S. , Methni M. , Ben Nasr S. , Larnaout A. , Ouali U. , Aissa A. , Ventura J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionTraumatic life events (TLEs) have been associated with the entire spectrum of psychosis outcomes, including risk and severity of psychotic disorders and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs). In a non-clinical setting, understanding the relationship could help improve prevention services.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to establish the relationship between TLEs and PLEs.Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in a Tunisan business and engineering school from March 2022 to June 2022. Participants completed the Tunisian dialect version of the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B), a validated self-report instrument designed to evaluate prodromal symptoms. TLEs such as physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, as well as neglect experiences, lived or witnessed have been assessed along with bullying experiences.Results
The final sample size consisted of 358 participants, with a median age of 22 ± 2.22 years, with a sex ratio (M/F) of 1.41. More than half of the participants (58.6%) reported having experienced TLEs (49% in the preceding 6 months) while 31% had experienced bullying or abuse in school (27.9% in the preceding 6 months). The mean total score of the PQ-B for the study population was 7.27 ± 4.387, 36.3% reached the threshold and were defined as PQ-B-positive subjects. Those with a lifetime history of major life events were more likely to screen positive on the total score PQ-B (p = 0.000), as were those with a lifetime history of bullying or abuse (p = 0.000).Conclusions
Understanding the factors that interact in the significant association between PLEs and TLEs may provide useful information for prevention programs and the improvement of mental health.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Neural Abnormalities in Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia: A Meta-Analysis of Functional Activation Studies
Authors: Baten C. , Klassen A. M. , Zamora G. , Shepherd J. H. , Badawia A. , Kailay A. , Leung C. R. , Sahota J. , Saravia S. , Miller J. A. , Hamilton P. , Sacchet M. D. , Gotlib I. H. , Woo E. , Hedges D. W. , Miller C. H. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPanic disorder (PD) and agoraphobia (AG) are highly comorbid anxiety disorders with an increasing prevalence that have a significant clinical and public health impact but are not adequately recognized and treated. Although the current functional neuroimaging literature has documented a range of neural abnormalities in these disorders, primary studies are often not sufficiently powered and their findings have been inconsistent.ObjectivesThis meta-analysis aims to advance our understanding of the neural underpinnings of PD and AG by identifying the most robust patterns of differential neural activation that differentiate individuals diagnosed with one of or both these disorders from age-matched healthy controls.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive literature search in the PubMed database for all peer-reviewed, whole-brain, task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activation studies that compared adults diagnosed with PD and/or AG with age-matched healthy controls. Each of these articles was screened by two independent coding teams using formal inclusion criteria and according to current PRISMA guidelines. We then performed a voxelwise, whole-brain, meta-analytic comparison of PD/AG participants with age-matched healthy controls using multilevel kernel density analysis (MKDA) with ensemble thresholding (p<0.05-0.0001) to minimize cluster size detection bias and 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations to correct for multiple comparisons.ResultsWith data from 34 primary studies and a substantial sample size (N=2138), PD/AG participants, relative to age-matched healthy controls, exhibited a reliable pattern of statistically significant, (p<.05-0.0001; FWE-corrected) abnormal neural activation in multiple brain regions of the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia across a variety of experimental tasks.ConclusionsIn this meta-analysis we found robust patterns of differential neural activation in participants diagnosed with PD/AG relative to age-matched healthy controls. These findings advance our understanding of the neural underpinnings of PD and AG and inform the development of brain-based clinical interventions such as non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) and treatment prediction and matching algorithms. Future studies should also investigate the neural similarities and differences between PD and AG to increase our understanding of possible differences in their etiology, diagnosis, and treatment.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Parents’ needs during a child’s hospitalisation in a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU): a systematic review
Authors: Boroklinioti A. , Sarantaki A. , Dousis E. , Zartaloudi A. , Evangelou E. , Dafogianni C. , Polikandrioti M. , Vlachou E. , Koutelekos I. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe admission of children to PICU is a painful experience for parents. Regularly, they are asked to make important decisions about treatment options in collaboration with the care team, which causes them stress, uncertainty and trauma.ObjectivesTo investigate the needs of parents during the child’s hospitalization in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).MethodsA systematic review of the literature and a search of articles in the international databases PubMed, Cinahl, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library and Greek scientific journals was performed with a peer review process during the period between April and July 2022. A time limit was set regarding the date of publication of the articles (articles published in the last 15 years).ResultsNine studies were found that met the criteria for inclusion in the review. The thematic analysis of the results deduced the following sections A: Need for information from health professionals regarding the child’s health status and the possible treatment options available, B: Need for psychological support from health professionals (psychologists, nurses, doctors) in order to be able to manage the difficult situation they are experiencing due to the hospitalization of their child, but also to be able to manage their grief and sorrow in case of loss of the child. C: Need for safe hospitalisation of the child.ConclusionsParents have needs during their child’s hospitalization in the PICU, which if put in boundaries-frames and guided by health professionals (who possess knowledge and composure in difficult moments) can bring about a smooth course of the child’s health during hospitalization.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Assessment of the methylome and the cognition in urban dwellers
Authors: Abdelmoula E. , Bouayed Abdelmoula N. , Abdelmoula B. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe epigenome involving chemical modifications of DNA and chromatin that modulates gene expression in response to external and environmental conditions is characterized by great plasticity and reacts by epigenetic marks such as methylation signatures that can be inherited across generations.Objectives
Urban dwellers likely adapt to the level and growth of urbanization and resulting environmental changes through epigenetic changes. The aim of this study is to present what is currently known about the DNA methylome (the information of DNA methylation of all cytosines in a genome) and cognition when humans are exposed to changing urban environments.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive review of the scientific literature using PubMed database with the following keywords: DNA methylation, brain and urbanity.Results
Our search revealed a scarcity of scientific articles reporting methylome studies with assessment of correlations between methylome, cognitive status and urban environment. Among these papers, a Chinese study (2021) found a significant correlation between childhood urbanicity and better cognitive performance by measuring genome-wide methylation profile using more than 850,000 genome-wide CpG sites. In this study, the authors suggested that the impact of childhood urbanicity on cognition is partially mediated by the methylome and brain structure/function in humans whose childhood urbanicity differed. Other studies using other research approaches, suggested that the impact of living in an urban area is linked to better performance in terms of working memory, processing speed and verbal learning. We also found that the vast majority of studies investigating DNA methylation involved in rapid adaptation to new environments, including urban environments, focused on plant and animal species.ConclusionsThe effects of urbanization on human beings are a topic of ongoing debate. Some studies suggest that urbanization can have beneficial effects on cognition, while others find that it can have harmful effects. Quantitative studies of methylation and the correlations between methylome, cognition, and urbanicity offer new opportunities to measure these effects and gain a better understanding of their mechanisms.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared