bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Holocene and Late Glacial sedimentation near steep slopes in southern Lake Baikal
Authors: Sturm Michael , Vologina Elena G. , Vorob’eva Svetlana S. 
Published: September 2015

<p>We here present new data on sedimentation at and near the steep north-slopes of southern Lake Baikal. Short sediment cores were taken at 550 m and at 1366 m water depth, within 3600 m offshore Cape Ivanovskii at the station of the <em>Baikal Deep Underwater NEUTRINO</em> <em>Telescope</em>. The sediments within 3600 m off the northern coast of Southern Lake Baikal are dominated by pelagic deposition. Our data reveal surprisingly little influence from terrigenous material from adjacent coastal areas, tributaries and their catchment. At the shallow-water site (at 550 m water depth, 700 m off shore) just 27 cm thick homogenous sediments have accumulated during the Holocene on top of Pleistocene deposits resulting in Holocene sedimentation rates of 0.003 cm a<sup>-1</sup>. The very low rates are caused by long-term persistent winnowing of fine particles caused by week contour currents along the slope. The uppermost sediments are oxidized down to 22 cm. Very low concentrations of C<sub>org</sub>, Si<sub>bio</sub> and N<sub>tot</sub> in Pleistocene sediments increase dramatically within the Holocene. The heavy mineral fraction of the shallow-water sediments contains up to 33.6 % olivine and up to 2.4 % spinel. These rare minerals originate from white marbles of the nearby coastal outcrop <em>Belaya Vyemka</em> of the Early Precambrian <em>Sharyzalgaiskaya</em> <em>Series</em>. At the deep-water site (at 1366 m water depth, 3600 m off shore) Holocene sedimentation rates are 10-times higher (0.036 cm a<sup>-1</sup>). Sediment oxidation occurs just within the uppermost 2 cm. Of the two rare type minerals of the <em>Sharyzalgaiskaya</em> <em>Series</em> spinel does not occur at all and olivine is represented by very diminished concentrations. This indicates insignificant influx of terrestrial material from the nearby shore to the deep-water site . Distal turbidites of far-off sources are intercalated to pelagic sediments at the deep-water site. Breakdown events of deltas at the SE- and S-coast of the basin are suggested to be responsible for the formation of the turbidites. They contain terrestrial (deltaic) material, low amounts of biological material (diatoms, spiculae, chrysophyte cysts), low concentrations of Si<sub>bio</sub>, C<sub>org </sub>and N<sub>tot</sub> and occur at approximate recurrence rates of 300 years. </p>
Gynecological Tumor Images using HDlive US
Authors: Raga Francisco , Bonilla Francisco , Bonilla-Musoles Fernando , Eduardo Machado Luiz , Castillo Carlos Juan , Caballero Luna Oscar 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT
Abdominal and/or vaginal two dimensional (2D) and threedimensional (3D) ultrasound (US) are the ‘gold standard’ technology on which diagnosis and control of gynecological tumors depend.
In recent years, a series of software that initially generated enormous interest, have been introduced to improve 2D/3D US image quality and diagnostic accuracy. Many of them have shown limited interests.
The last one and the most interesting is HDlive which incorporates a movable virtual adjustable light that, as it penetrates, produces selective illumination with respective shadows that result from the structures where light is reflected. This combination of lights and shadows results in spectacular images which are much more real than those obtained with conventional 3D US.
This note simply pretends to show the quality of images obtained in cases of gynecological tumors using this easy-tohandle high definition ultrasound technology.

How to cite this article
Bonilla-Musoles F, Raga F, Bonilla F Jr, Castillo JC, Machado LE, Luna OC. Gynecological Tumor Images using HDlive US. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015;9(2):149-158.
Perinatal Transmission of HIV in Women Receiving Antiretroviral Prophylaxis/Therapy during Pregnancy with Zidovudine, Lamivudine, and Nevirapine: Experience at Tertiary Care Center in India
Authors: Bagga Rashmi , Kumar Praveen , Sharma Aman , Arora Sunil , Kalra Jasvinder , Meena Khushbu , Arora Aashima 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

Objective
To compare the perinatal transmission rate, maternal and neonatal outcome among HIV positive women on triple drug antiretroviral therapy (ART) with women receiving antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis for prevention of mother to child transmission (MTCT).

Materials and methods
This prospective study recruited all HIV positive antenatal women who delivered at Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh from June 2010 to December 2011. The rate of HIV perinatal transmission was calculated in the two groups. The perinatal outcome was studied in the form of birth weight, gestation at delivery, mode of delivery, maternal morbidity and mortality.

Results
The overall HIV transmission rate was 13.3% (10% in ART group and 15% in ARV group). A trend was seen toward a lower MTCT among women in ARV prophylaxis group who delivered by elective cesarean section (CS) as compared to vaginal delivery (7.7 vs 16.7%).

Conclusion
The vertical transmission rate of HIV was lower among women receiving triple drug ART. The mode of delivery did not affect the transmission rate in this group.

How to cite this article
Meena K, Arora A, Bagga R, Kalra J, Kumar P, Sharma A, Arora S. Perinatal Transmission of HIV in Women Receiving Antiretroviral Prophylaxis/Therapy during Pregnancy with Zidovudine, Lamivudine, and Nevirapine: Experience at Tertiary Care Center in India. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(3):115-120.
Pleiten, schikken of slikken
Authors: van Wijck Peter , Winters Jan Kees 
Published: September 2015

Pleiten, schikken of slikken
De Richtlijn inzake schadevorderingen beoogt de ‘civielrechtelijke handhaving’ van het mededinginsgrecht te bevorderen door schadevergoedingsacties te stimuleren. De schade die door (met name) een kartel is veroorzaakt, dient geheel te worden vergoed. Economisch gezien betekent dit een extra financiële belasting bovenop de bestuursrechtelijke boete. Het lijkt dan aannemelijk dat de afschrikwekkende werking op kartelgedrag wordt vergroot. Of dat zo is, hangt af van diverse factoren, zoals de boete, pakkans, mogelijkheid tot schikken en de kans op het feitelijk verkrijgen van een schadevergoeding.
Huawei/ZTE, een nieuwe standaard in FRAND-zaken?
Authors: van Ginneken Pepijn , Béquet Gaëlle 
Published: September 2015

Huawei/ZTE, een nieuwe standaard in FRAND-zaken?
Standaard-essentiële octrooien (‘SEP’s’) zijn octrooien die essentieel zijn voor de toepassing van een bepaalde industriestandaard. Van SEP-houders wordt doorgaans vereist dat zij zich ertoe verbinden hun SEP’s onder fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory (FRAND) voorwaarden in licentie te geven. Het Hof van Justitie bepaalde dat een SEP-houder die een FRAND-verklaring heeft afgelegd, misbruik maakt van zijn machtspositie indien hij zijn SEP handhaaft zonder de vermeende inbreukmaker de mogelijkheid te geven om een FRAND-licentie te nemen. Met dit arrest geeft het Hof van Justitie duidelijkheid over de stappen die van de SEP-houder en de licentienemer worden verwacht tijdens FRAND-onderhandelingen.
Clandestinidad y periferia. Usos del género policial en la narrativa de Ricardo Piglia
Authors: García del Río Antonio 
Published: September 2015

Resumen: El presente trabajo consiste en la observación de los usos de esquemas y situaciones del género policial en la narrativa de Ricardo Piglia (1940) a partir de las obras: «La loca y el relato del crimen» (1975), Plata Quemada (1997), Blanco Nocturno (2010), El camino de Ida (2013); y de sus estudios críticos: Crítica y ficción (2001), Formas breves (2000) y El último lector (2005). Partimos en primer lugar del análisis del relato como esquema de personajes básicos del género; en segundo lugar, analizamos, a partir de una revisión teórica de la figura del detective y del género, cómo en sus novelas los medios de investigación utilizados por los detectives consisten en saberes, como la lectura y la escritura, que entran en conflicto con los del Estado; en tercer lugar, observamos cómo todos estos planteamientos se reflejan en las estructuras narrativas de las obras analizadas; finalmente, comprobamos cómo a través de los discursos estatales se esconde una visión que criminaliza y condena la sexualidad de los personajes, por lo que a través del pensamiento de Michel Foucault sobre las sociedades de vigilancia observaremos la vinculación establecida entre la sexualidad, la ley y los lugares de encierro y control. Palabras Clave: Piglia, Renzi, detective, investigación, Estado, clandestinidad, policía, enigma, investigación, crimen, ley, periodismo, sexualidad, ficción paranoica, encierro.
Lo que quedó de Cuba cuando los rusos se fueron a la órbita. Breve acercamiento a algunas características del espacio ficcional post-soviético en la más reciente ciencia-ficción cubana
Authors: (José Miguel Sánchez Gómez) Yoss 
Published: September 2015

Este texto analiza las caracteríticas de la ciencia ficción cubana post-soviética, después del colapso de la Unión Soviética y el Periodo Especial de los años noventa. Se centra particularmente en la producción más reciente de Vladimir Hernandez Pacin, Eric Flores Taylor y Jesus B. Minsal, entre otros autores. Analizando sus novelas y cuentos, el autor establece una triple categorización de la ciencia ficción cubana post-soviética, según la mayor o menor presencia de Rusia como elemento referencial. Estas tres aproximaciones serían: primera, la total ausencia de Rusia; segunda, identificada como ‘nostalgia post-soviética’ y tercera, catalogada como ucronía, en donde Rusia sigue jugando un rol activo y agente, a pesar de las circunstancias históricas. ........................What remained of Cuba, after the Russians went into orbit Brief approach to some characteristics of the post-soviet fictional space in newest Cuban Science-Fiction This paper analyzes the characteristics of the post-soviet Cuban Science Fiction after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the Special Period in the Nineties. It focuses particularly on the newest production by Vladimir Hernandez Pacin, Eric Flores Taylor and Jesus B. Minsal, among other authors. By analyzing their novels and short stories the author establishes a triple categorization of Cuban post-Soviet Science Fiction, depending on the major o minor presence of the Soviet and Russian referents. This three different approaches would be: first, the total absence of the Russia; second, identified as ‘post-soviet nostalgia’; and the third one, categorized as ‘uchronia’, in which Russia plays still, and despite the historical circumstances, an agent and active role
Slovo Cubano: El vocablo soviético en el español de Cuba
Authors: Smith-Mesa Vladimir 
Published: September 2015

Resumen: ¿Se puede definir una nostalgia cubana por lo soviético? Indagando sobre su estética, entendida como percepción, Slovo Cubano intenta responder a esta interrogante. Enfocándose en los rusismos-sovietismos, que llegaron a nuestra isla en diferentes épocas. Estas palabras ya son parte de nuestro catauro de extranjerismos; fragmento significativo en la historia de la adopción lingüística en el español cubano-caribeño. Estos vocablos no son sólo referencias filológicas, símbolos de una oralidad y escritura muy particulares, también son evidencias históricas, que actúan como códigos de acceso a la experiencia cultural soviética. Slovo Cubano intenta confirmar que desde 1961 hasta 1991, Cuba fue, por excelencia, el centro diseminador de lo eslavo, el gran transculturador de lo ruso-soviético en el universo de habla hispana, en las Américas y en el llamado Tercer Mundo. Slovo Cubano: The Soviet Word in the Spanish of Cuba Abstract: Can we define a Cuban nostalgia for the Soviet past? Slovo Cubano attempts to answer this question by inquiring about aesthetics, understood as perception. This paper focuses on Russian and Soviet words that arrived in Cuba at different times. They are an essential part of our Catauro of foreign words; a significant fragment in the process of adoption of alien terms in the Cuban-Spanish language. These words are not only philological references, they are also the historical evidence of a unique oral and written history because they act as access codes to the Soviet cultural experience. Slovo Cubano attempts to confirm that from 1961-1991, Cuba was, par excellence, the disseminator, the Slavonic centre, the great ‘transculturador’ of Russian & Soviet terms in the Americas and the so-called Third World.
Lo que se perdió: crónica del presente
Authors: Fowler Víctor 
Published: September 2015

El llamado cambio en la memorialización de lo ruso-soviético en Cuba ha evolucionado en apenas una década del rechazo a la nostalgia e incluso la celebración entusiasta de lo ruso. Esta transformación se inició a comienzos del siglo XXI, una vez superado el llamado Periodo especial, inicialmente a través de que pequeños gestos, como por ejemplo el artículo que aquí reproducimos. Constituye una de las primeras voces que, en aquellos primeros años, reclamaron la lectura positiva de la influencia soviética en la isla. Víctor Fowler Calzada hace un repaso por la presencia de lo soviético en la formación de su generación, para concluir que “uno de los errores lamentables de nuestra política cultural reciente ha sido el haberse resignado a la sustracción de la producción cultural de los países del antiguo bloque socialista”. El texto de Fowler constituyó una hereterodoxia importante cuando apareció en Dédalo, de ahí el importante valor documental que ha adquirido doce años después. Apareció en la revista Dédalo, número 0, 2003, pp. 12 y 13 y se publica aquí gracias al consentimiento de su autor.
Quantification of Motion Palpation
Authors: Kasparian Hervé , Signoret Ghislaine , Kasparian Jérôme 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

Context: The palpation of motions is at the heart of the practice of foreign-trained osteopaths. When practicing osteopathic manual therapy (care provided by foreign-trained osteopaths) in the cranial field or osteopathic cranial manipulative medicine, the palpation of small motions (several tens of micrometers) is a key process. However, to the authors’ knowledge, the smallest detectable motion has not been identified.

Objective: To quantify motion detection capacity by passive palpation.

Methods: Participants were instructed to hold a mechanical device containing a micrometric actuator between their hands and report when they felt motion while 6 series of 27 random motions were generated by the actuator. After each series, if a participant succeeded or failed to detect motion with a confidence level of greater than 98%, the motions in the next series were set to a smaller or larger magnitude, respectively. After 6 series, the individual motion detection capacity was recorded. Statistical significance was set at P=.02.

Results: A total of 21 participants were selected, comprising 14 osteopaths and 7 nonosteopaths. The average performance of the sample was 148 μm. Thirteen participants (62%) perceived motions of 200 μm or less, and 7 participants (33%) detected motions of 50 μm or less with bare hands. Osteopathic training did not notably affect the performance. Osteopaths were twice as likely to claim detection of nonexisting motions than to miss existing ones, whereas nonosteopaths were equally subject to both types of errors.

Conclusion: The data show human passive palpatory sensitivity to be in the range of several tens of micrometers. This range is comparable to that reported for calvarial motion (10-50 μm).
Chemomechanical evolution of pore space in carbonate microstructures upon dissolution: Linking pore geometry to bulk elasticity
Authors: Arson C. , Vanorio T. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractOne of the challenges faced today in a variety of geophysical applications is the need to understand the changes of elastic properties due to time‐variant chemomechanical processes. The objective of this work is to model carbonate rock elastic properties as functions of pore geometry changes that occur when the solid matrix is dissolved by carbon dioxide. We compared two carbonate microstructures: porous micrite (“mudstone”) and grain‐supported carbonate (“packstone”). We formulated a mathematical model that distinguishes the effects of microporosity and macroporosity on stiffness changes. We used measures of mechanical and chemical porosity changes recorded during injection tests to compute elastic moduli and compare them to moduli obtained from wave velocity measurements. In mudstones, both experimental and numerical results indicate that bulk moduli change by less than 5%. The evolution of elastic moduli is controlled by macropore enlargement. In packstones, model predictions underestimate changes of elastic moduli with total porosity by 10% to 80%. The total porosity variation is 60% to 75% smaller than the chemical porosity variation, which indicates that pore expansion due to dissolution is counterbalanced by pore shrinkage due to compaction. Packstone elastic properties are controlled by grain sliding. The methodology presented in this paper can be generalized to other chemomechanical processes studied in rocks, such as dislocations, glide, diffusive mass transfer, recrystallization, and precipitation.
Simulations of cloud‐radiation interaction using large‐scale forcing derived from the CINDY/DYNAMO northern sounding array
Authors: Wang Shuguang , Sobel Adam H. , Fridlind Ann , Feng Zhe , Comstock Jennifer M. , Minnis Patrick , Nordeen Michele L. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe recently completed CINDY/DYNAMO field campaign observed two Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO) events in the equatorial Indian Ocean from October to December 2011. Prior work has indicated that the moist static energy anomalies in these events grew and were sustained to a significant extent by radiative feedbacks. We present here a study of radiative fluxes and clouds in a set of cloud‐resolving simulations of these MJO events. The simulations are driven by the large‐scale forcing data set derived from the DYNAMO northern sounding array observations, and carried out in a doubly periodic domain using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Simulated cloud properties and radiative fluxes are compared to those derived from the S‐PolKa radar and satellite observations. To accommodate the uncertainty in simulated cloud microphysics, a number of single‐moment (1M) and double‐moment (2M) microphysical schemes in the WRF model are tested. The 1M schemes tend to underestimate radiative flux anomalies in the active phases of the MJO events, while the 2M schemes perform better, but can overestimate radiative flux anomalies. All the tested microphysics schemes exhibit biases in the shapes of the histograms of radiative fluxes and radar reflectivity. Histograms of radiative fluxes and brightness temperature indicate that radiative biases are not evenly distributed; the most significant bias occurs in rainy areas with OLR less than 150 W/m2 in the 2M schemes. Analysis of simulated radar reflectivities indicates that this radiative flux uncertainty is closely related to the simulated stratiform cloud coverage. Single‐moment schemes underestimate stratiform cloudiness by a factor of 2, whereas 2M schemes simulate much more stratiform cloud.
‘Who's the Thief?’ The Influence of Knowledge and Experience on Early Detection of Criminal Intentions
Authors: Koller Corinne Ines , Wetter Olive Emil , Hofer Franziska 
Published: September 2015

SummaryOur study investigates if people are able to recognize thieves based on their nonverbal behavior prior to committing the crime. We implemented authentic closed‐circuit television footage from thefts committed at an international airport into a computer‐based test. Five groups of participants (students, police recruits, inexperienced police officers, experienced police officers, and criminal investigators) were studied. The results show that criminals display nonverbal behavior that can be used by observers for early recognition of criminal intentions. In addition, early recognition seems to benefit from knowledge about the criminals' modi operandi (criminal investigators performed best), which renders early recognition teachable and trainable. Further, all participants seem to be biased towards innocence, but this bias was less pronounced in police officers than in students. These findings are discussed in relation to the well‐documented truth‐bias and investigator‐bias in lie detection research as well as taking our measurement method into account.Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differences in the effects of age on the development of entheseal changes among historical Japanese populations
Authors: Yonemoto Shiori 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aims to determine the impacts of both age and physical activity on entheseal changes at sites of muscle and ligament attachment, and proposes that the influence of age on entheseal changes may depend on specific social systems.MethodsEntheseal markers of 193 individuals excavated from archaeological sites in Japan were examined, and archaeological evidence from those sites was used to determine the subsistence activities that those individuals engaged in. Fifteenth‐century samples were either fishermen or Agehamashiki salt manufacturers, while samples from between the late 17th century and the 19th century were peasants, townspeople, or samurai. Nineteen entheses were examined using the scoring method of Hawkey and Merbs (1995) to clarify the degree to which age influenced entheseal severity of a given sample as well as the differences in the degree to which age influenced entheseal changes among samples.ResultsResults indicated that age influenced entheseal changes; however, the degree to which age influenced entheseal development was dependent on the characteristic physical activities associated with an individual's class and occupation. Furthermore, in certain groups, aging did not significantly impact entheseal changes.DiscussionThe degree to which age influenced entheseal changes was dependent on characteristic physical activities associated with an individual's class and occupation. This indicated that physical activities and lifestyle, along with age, were major factors that contributed to entheseal changes. Based on these results, it was concluded that entheseal changes could serve as a useful tool in the reconstruction of physical activities of past populations. Am J Phys Anthropol 159:267–283, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.