bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-fibrinolytics for mucosal bleeding in adults with life-limiting illnesses: a systematic review
Authors: Hooson Emma , Hargreaves Fiona , Holdsworth Emily , Longwell Sarah , Pullinger Alice , Gill Andrew 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPatients with life-limiting illnesses are at increased risk of mucosal bleeding. Usual management includes anticipatory planning and sedation, alongside anti-fibrinolytics, despite a lack of evidence for their use. Anti-fibrinolytic agents (tranexamic acid and aminocaproic acid) produce effective haemostasis in different clinical settings. Our aim was to synthesise the evidence for anti-fibrinolytic medication use in adult patients with life-limiting illnesses at risk of, or experiencing, mucosal bleeding.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science Conference Proceedings Citation Index, Cochrane Library databases and clinical trial registries (inception to January 2024) to identify studies investigating the use of anti-fibrinolytics in patients with life-limiting illnesses. Results were screened against a priori inclusion criteria, data ere extracted, and quality was appraised using a CASP (Critical Appraisal Skills Programme) checklist or BMJ risk of bias assessment. Data were analysed using narrative synthesis.ResultsFive studies meeting our search criteria (one cohort and four case series) were included. Data relating from 87 patients were used in narrative synthesis. Anti-fibrinolytic therapy was used for active mucosal bleeding in 37 patients, of whom 30 achieved total bleeding cessation. Fifty patients received prophylactic anti-fibrinolytics, of whom 32 experienced no bleeding events. Adverse events were reported in 3 of 87 patients (arterial thrombus, severe thrombocytopenia and stomach cramps). Mortality and quality of life were not reported.ConclusionAnti-fibrinolytics are generally well tolerated within this population and may prevent and reduce mucosal bleeding. Further high-quality research is suggested to investigate current practice and to compare anti-fibrinolytic with placebo in the management of bleeding in patients with life-limiting illnesses.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022325529.
Deciphering the complete plastid genome of an endemic monotypic species Kostermansia malayana (Malvaceae) from Peninsular Malaysia: structural comparative genomics and phylogenomic placement
Authors: Wong Xue Jing , Ramaiya Shiamala Devi , Cheng Wan Hee , Faizal Ahmad , Syazwan Samsuddin Ahmad , Lee Shiou Yih 
Published: August 2024

Kostermansia malayana Soegeng, a species of Malvaceae endemic to the Malay Peninsula, is threatened by its rare flowering rate and habitat loss due to agriculture land conversion. The species is currently listed as “Vulnerable” on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species. To expand genomic information, the study characterised its plastid genome (plastome) and conducted genome comparative and phylogenetic analyses with other selected species of Malvaceae. The quadripartite-structured plastome was 161 750 bp long and contained 83 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. The overall GC content was 36.3%. Repeat analyses revealed 49 large repeats and 205 simple sequence repeats. A high preference for A/U-ended amino acids was found. Eight and nine PCGs were positively selected when compared to Coelostegia griffithii Benth. & Hook.f. and Reevesia thyrsoidea Lindl., respectively. A notable degree of collinearity was identified between the plastomes of K. malayana and six selected taxa of Helicteroideae. The phylogenetic tree reconstruction based on the concatenated PCG dataset showed a nearly well-resolved relationship within Malvaceae, with K. malayana placed under the Helicteroideae clade. The genomic data will provide a basis for future studies on the genetic conservation, phylogenetics, and evolutionary patterns of Durioneae and Malvaceae.
Inverse distance ladder method for determining $$H_0$$ from angular diameter distances of time-delay lenses and supernova observations
Authors: Gong Xiaolong , Liu Tonghua , Wang Jieci 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTime-delay measurements from strong lensing systems combined with spectroscopic measurements of stellar kinematics in deflecting galaxies provide a natural way to infer absolute distances (lensing distances). This means that it can be used to anchor the relative distances of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), and further infer the Hubble constant $$H_0$$

H
0

in a cosmological model-independent way, while avoiding the assumptions of curvature and the equation of state of dark energy. Indeed, observations based on gravitational lensing time delays can measure $$H_0$$

H
0

directly, but usually require assumptions about the specific cosmological models. Meanwhile, this method suffers the mass-sheet degeneracy obstacle. These factors may induce the bias on determination of $$H_0$$

H
0

. However, the inverse distance ladder method we use avoids these assumptions altogether. In this study, we seek for the Pantheon and Pantheon plus datasets and use Gaussian process regression to reconstruct the unanchored distance to match the distance at the redshift of the lens to determine $$H_0$$

H
0

, respectively. Based on the four H0LiCOW lenses, the unanchored distances reconstructed by combining the Pantheon and Pantheon plus datasets yielded $$H_0=80.1^{+7.0}_{-6.9} \mathrm {~km/s/Mpc}$$

H
0

=
80
.

1

-
6.9

+
7.0

km
/
s
/
Mpc

and $$H_0=81.2^{+7.1}_{-7.0} \mathrm {~km/s/Mpc}$$

H
0

=
81
.

2

-
7.0

+
7.1

km
/
s
/
Mpc

with $$1 \sigma $$

1
σ

observational uncertainty, respectively. All the lenses show the measured $$H_0$$

H
0

is in good agreement with the local measurement results reported by the SH0ES collaboration within $$\sim $$
∼
$$1.3 \sigma $$

1.3
σ

confidence level.
$$J/\psi $$ polarization in relativistic heavy ion collisions
Authors: Zhao Jiaxing , Chen Baoyi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the polarization property of $$J/\psi $$

J
/
ψ

is critical to constrain its production mechanism. In addition, the polarization of $$J/\psi $$

J
/
ψ

can reveal the impact of strong electromagnetic and vorticity fields in relativistic heavy ion collisions. In this study, we analyzed the yield and polarization of $$J/\psi $$

J
/
ψ

in relativistic heavy ion collisions at different centrality and transverse momentum regions, using three different reference frames: the Collins–Soper frame, the helicity frame, and the event plane frame. The polarization of initially produced $$J/\psi $$

J
/
ψ

is determined by the NRQCD calculation and is similar to that of pp collisions. However, both unpolarization and transverse polarization are considered for the regenerated $$J/\psi $$

J
/
ψ

. Our results indicate that the polarization at high $$p_T$$

p
T

is similar to that observed in pp collisions. However, at low $$p_T$$

p
T

, where regenerated $$J/\psi $$

J
/
ψ

dominates, it is likely that the polarized charm quarks in the rotational QGP medium are responsible for this phenomenon. Our study supplies a baseline for future research on the effects of strong electromagnetic and vorticity fields on $$J/\psi $$

J
/
ψ

polarization.
Localised particles and fuzzy horizons: a tool for probing quantum black holes
Authors: Casadio Roberto 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe horizon is a classical concept that arises in general relativity and is therefore not clearly defined when the source cannot be reliably described by classical physics. To any (sufficiently) localised quantum mechanical wavefunction, one can associate a horizon wavefunction which yields the probability of finding a horizon of given radius centred around the source. We can then associate to each quantum particle a probability that it is a black hole, and the existence of a minimum black hole mass follows naturally, which agrees with the one obtained from the hoop conjecture and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle.
Fatty Acid Derivatization and Cyclization of the Immunomodulatory Peptide RP-182 Targeting CD206high Macrophages Improve Antitumor Activity
Authors: Singh Sitanshu S. , Calvo Raul , Kumari Anju , Sable Rushikesh V. , Fang Yuhong , Tao Dingyin , Hu Xin , Castle Sarah Gray , Nahar Saifun , Li Dandan , Major Emily , Sanchez Tino W. , Kato Rintaro , Xu Xin , Zhou Jian , Liu Liang , LeClair Christopher A. , Simeonov Anton , Baljinnyam Bolormaa , Henderson Mark J. , Marugan Juan , Rudloff Udo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
As tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) exercise a plethora of protumor and immune evasive functions, novel strategies targeting TAMs to inhibit tumor progression have emerged within the current arena of cancer immunotherapy. Activation of the mannose receptor 1 (CD206) is a recent approach that recognizes immunosuppressive CD206high M2-like TAMs as a drug target. Ligation of CD206 both induces reprogramming of CD206high TAMs toward a proinflammatory phenotype and selectively triggers apoptosis in these cells. CD206-activating therapeutics are currently limited to the linear, 10mer peptide RP-182, 1, which is not a drug candidate. In this study, we sought to identify a better suitable candidate for future clinical development by synthesizing and evaluating a series of RP-182 analogs. Surprisingly, fatty acid derivative 1a [RP-182-PEG3-K(palmitic acid)] not only showed improved stability but also increased affinity to the CD206 receptor through enhanced interaction with a hydrophobic binding motif of CD206. Peptide 1a showed superior in vitro activity in cell-based assays of macrophage activation which was restricted to CD206high M2-polarized macrophages. Improvement in responses was disproportionally skewed toward improved induction of phagocytosis including cancer cell phagocytosis. Peptide 1a reprogrammed the immune landscape in genetically engineered murine KPC pancreatic tumors toward increased innate immune surveillance and improved tumor control and effectively suppressed tumor growth of murine B16 melanoma allografts.
Immunoproteasome Activation Expands the MHC Class I Immunopeptidome, Unmasks Neoantigens, and Enhances T-cell Anti-Myeloma Activity
Authors: Rana Priyanka S. , Ignatz-Hoover James J. , Guo Chunna , Mosley Amber L. , Malek Ehsan , Federov Yuriy , Adams Drew J. , Driscoll James J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Proteasomes generate antigenic peptides that are presented on the tumor surface to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Immunoproteasomes are highly specialized proteasome variants that are expressed at higher levels in antigen-presenting cells and contain replacements of the three constitutive proteasome catalytic subunits to generate peptides with a hydrophobic C-terminus that fit within the groove of MHC class I (MHC-I) molecules. A hallmark of cancer is the ability to evade immunosurveillance by disrupting the antigen presentation machinery and downregulating MHC-I antigen presentation. High-throughput screening was performed to identify compound A, a novel molecule that selectively increased immunoproteasome activity and expanded the number and diversity of MHC-I–bound peptides presented on multiple myeloma cells. Compound A increased the presentation of individual MHC-I–bound peptides by &gt;100-fold and unmasked tumor-specific neoantigens on myeloma cells. Global proteomic integral stability assays determined that compound A binds to the proteasome structural subunit PSMA1 and promotes association of the proteasome activator PA28α/β (PSME1/PSME2) with immunoproteasomes. CRISPR/Cas9 silencing of PSMA1, PSME1, or PSME2 as well as treatment with immunoproteasome-specific suicide inhibitors abolished the effects of compound A on antigen presentation. Treatment of multiple myeloma cell lines and patient bone marrow–derived CD138+ cells with compound A increased the anti-myeloma activity of allogenic and autologous T cells. Compound A was well-tolerated in vivo and co-treatment with allogeneic T cells reduced the growth of myeloma xenotransplants in NOD/SCID gamma mice. Taken together, our results demonstrate the paradigm shifting impact of immunoproteasome activators to diversify the antigenic landscape, expand the immunopeptidome, potentiate T-cell–directed therapy, and reveal actionable neoantigens for personalized T-cell immunotherapy.
Testemunho de um “homem africano”. Reflexões sobre um relato anônimo da batalha de Alcácer Quibir.
Authors: Rodrigues Bruno Romano 
Published: August 2024

This article analyzes an anonymous report of the battle of Alcácer Quibir (1578), entitled Jornada de África del Rey D. Sebastião written by an African man, which covers the period between 1578 and 1595. In the light of the political context of the Iberian Union (1580-1640), when Portugal was part of the Hispanic monarchy, it was concluded that the work was written to legitimize Philip II as heir of the Portuguese crown, after the death of D. Henrique. Therefore, the unknown author elaborated pejorative interpretations of D. Antonio, the main opponent of the Castilian king, and of D. Sebastião, considered responsible for the Portuguese defeat in Morocco.
an African man, which covers the period between 1578 and 1595. In the light of the political context of the Iberian Union (1580-1640), when Portugal was part of the Hispanic monarchy, it was concluded that the work was written to legitimize Philip II as heir of the Portuguese crown, after the death of D. Henrique. Therefore, the unknown author elaborated pejorative representations of D. Antonio, the main opponent of the Castilian king, and of D. Sebastião, considered responsible for the Portuguese defeat in Morocco.
“Valsas pra Banda Passar”: breve estudo sobre processos criativos em arranjos e composições para Agrupamentos Populares.
Authors: Tiné Paulo José de Siqueira 
Published: August 2024

Este artículo presenta un recorte de los resultados obtenidos en la producción de proyectos recientes de Investigación Artística del autor: Procesos Creativos en Arreglos y Composiciones para Big Band (XXXXX 2012-2013) y Procesos Creativos en Arreglos y Composiciones para Jazz Band/Orquesta Típica (XXXXXX 2014-2016), así como el consecuente registro en CD (Xxxxx Xxxx & Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx) lanzado en 2018. La relación entre estas dos formaciones se da desde una perspectiva de tensión entre un ideario de brasilidad y, a partir de una formación estándar (Banda), elementos musicales se infiltran en el género de la valsa. Específicamente, se abordará el género para las formaciones mencionadas, tomando como punto de partida las consideraciones extraídas de la versión de “Tenra Saudade” (o “Por Um Beijo” de Anacleto de Medeiros) para la Banda da Casa Edson: análisis y contexto del tema “Bebel”, así como la descripción de un arreglo para Big Band; también se explorará el contexto del tema “Valsa Brasileira” de Edu Lobo & Chico Buarque y la descripción de la elaboración de un arreglo para la formación de una Orquesta Típica. Por último, se describirá la composición de un tema del mismo género (“Valsa Moura”) para el conjunto de la Orquesta Típica reducida al formato de Ensemble. A partir de estos análisis, se plantearán una serie de consideraciones basadas en los datos recopilados durante las descripciones y análisis de los procesos artísticos involucrados.
Effect of Dapagliflozin on Accelerometer-Based Measures of Physical Activity in Patients With Heart Failure: An Analysis of the DETERMINE Trials
Authors: Docherty Kieran F. , Buendia Lopez Ruben , Folkvaljon Folke , de Boer Rudolf A. , Cowie Martin R. , Hammarstedt Ann , Kitzman Dalane W. , Kosiborod Mikhail N. , Langkilde Anna Maria , Reicher Barry , Senni Michele , Shah Sanjiv J. , Verma Subodh , Solomon Scott D. , McMurray John J.V. 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Wearable accelerometers can quantify the frequency and intensity of physical activity during everyday life and may provide complementary data to established functional outcome measures on the effect of heart failure therapies on functional limitations.

METHODS:
In a voluntary substudy of the DETERMINE trials (Dapagliflozin Effect on Exercise Capacity Using a 6-Minute Walk Test in Patients With Heart Failure), patients wore a waist-worn triaxial accelerometer for as long as possible (ideally for 24 h/d for 7 days) at 3 points during the trial, between the screening visit and randomization (baseline data), and during weeks 8 and 14 to 16. Accelerometer outcomes included the change from baseline to week 16 in the total number of steps, time spent in light-to-vigorous physical activity, time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, movement intensity during walking, number of vector magnitude units‚ and total activity counts.

RESULTS:
Adequate baseline and week 16 accelerometer data were available for 211 of 817 (26%) randomized patients (defined as ≥10 hours of wear time for ≥3 days). Dapagliflozin had a favorable effect on the mean change from baseline at 16 weeks in the number of steps (between-group difference, 778 [95% CI, 240–1315]), time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (0.16 [95% CI, 0.03–0.29] hours), and in the mean vector magnitude units (25 [95% CI, 0.1–49] counts per minute). There were no between-group differences in the other accelerometer outcomes of interest.

CONCLUSIONS:
In this exploratory analysis of the DETERMINE trials, dapagliflozin had a beneficial effect on selected accelerometer-based measures of physical activity in patients with heart failure across the entire left ventricular ejection fraction spectrum, yet did not improve 6-minute walk distance, as previously reported. These data suggest that accelerometer-based measurements of everyday activity may provide complementary information to 6-minute walk distance and identify beneficial effects of treatment not detected by 6-minute walk distance.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifiers: NCT03877237 and NCT03877224.
Impact of Physical Activity in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Catheter Ablation: The Multicenter Randomized BE-ACTION Trial
Authors: Seifert Martin , Meretz Daniel , Haase-Fielitz Anja , Georgi Christian , Bannehr Marwin , Moeller Viviane , Janßen Gerhard , Bramlage Peter , Minden Hans Heinrich , Grosse-Meininghaus Dirk , Butter Christian 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Arrhythmia recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is common. We conducted a multicenter, randomized trial to determine the impact of increased physical activity on atrial fibrillation recurrence after PVI.

METHODS:

From 2018 to 2020, we randomly assigned 200 patients with atrial fibrillation to the ACTION or NO-ACTION group in 4 different centers in the local country of Brandenburg, Germany. Patients were eligible if they were scheduled to undergo PVI, aged ≥50 to ≤77 years, body mass index ≥23 to ≤35 kg/m
2
, and accepted wearing an activity tracker allowing 24-hour activity monitoring via mobile app. Patients in the ACTION group were actively remote-controlled via transmitted activity data by a physiotherapist, and individual motivational interviewing call sessions were scheduled with each ACTION patient every 2 weeks. The primary end point was the composite of recurrence of any atrial arrhythmia >30 seconds, additional ablation procedure, cardioversion, and new onset of antiarrhythmic drugs earliest after 90 days after index PVI over 12 months.

RESULTS:

Overall, the median age of patients was 66 (interquartile range, 61–71) years, 33.5% were women, and 52% had persistent atrial fibrillation. The number of steps per day increased in both groups of patients from baseline to 12 months (
P
<0.001). The absolute increase in steps per day did not differ between patients in the ACTION group with +3205 steps (597–4944) compared with those in the NO-ACTION group +2423 steps (17–4284),
P
=0.325. Unadjusted intention-to-treat analysis showed no difference in the primary composite end point in the ACTION group (27.3%) versus the NO-ACTION group (32.7%),
P
=0.405.

CONCLUSIONS:
Physical activity improved in patients after PVI. The present randomized controlled trial shows that activity tracker and motivational calls to increase physical activity versus activity tracker alone did not reduce the occurrence of the primary composite end point of atrial fibrillation recurrence or the absolute increase in steps per day.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.cochranelibrary.com
; Unique identifier: DRKS00012914.
The Spaces and Places of Jewish Emancipation during the Vormärz
Authors: Meola David A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
During the revolutionary era, Jews in the new Grand Duchy of Baden were given hope that full citizenship and integration would eventually be achieved. However, not every location or space in the Grand Duchy was inclusive, as Jews were excluded from most areas in civil society and the state. The Rhein-Neckar region (including the cities of Mannheim and Heidelberg), however, proved to be a location where close contact between Jews and Christians was not only more regular, but an important facet of the developing liberal society—whether that was in the newspapers, the classroom, or bourgeois associations. These so-called ‘fraternal spaces’ shaped the individuals and were shaped by those individuals who came through them. In the case of the Rhein-Neckar region, this led to Jewish-Christian relationships that had an indelible impact on the blossoming liberal movement of the Vormärz as well as the lead-up to the 1848 revolutions.
Museum collections as untapped sources of undescribed diversity of sponge-zoantharian associations with the description of six new species of Umimayanthus (Zoantharia: Parazoanthidae) from Western Australia and eastern Indonesia
Authors: Montenegro Javier , Fromont Jane , Richards Zoe , Kise Hiroki , Gomez Oliver , Hoeksema Bert W. , Reimer James Davis 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The zoantharian genus Umimayanthus consists largely of species that live in obligate symbioses with sponges. Although zoantharians have often been overlooked in field collecting campaigns and in research, sponges are usually well-collected, and many natural history museums harbor numerous sponge specimens. Thus, these sponge collections may also include previously overlooked zoantharian species. Such is the case in this research, in which we examined sponge specimens in museum collections from Western Australia and eastern Indonesia. Based on our morphological and molecular analyses, we herein describe six species of Umimayanthus new to science, and redescribe another species described over a century ago. These species can be distinguished by their sponge associations, gross polyp and colony morphology, and depth ranges. Based on these findings, it appears that the Central Indo-Pacific region of Western Australia and Indonesia can be considered a hotspot for sponge-associated zoantharian diversity. We provide a key for the identification of all formally described species in the genus, but caution that there are likely more Umimayanthus species awaiting discovery.
Children’s Metacognition and Their Second Language Acquisition: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: XU Chenyan , ZHANG Heyi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the relationship between children’s metacognition and their later second language acquisition in implicit and explicit learning conditions, as well as the effects of time and condition on children’s metacognition and second language acquisition. Seventy Chinese children (M = 8.13 ; sd = 3.34) were followed from Year 2 to Year 3 at primary school. Children in Group 1 were in the Explicit Learning Condition, while children in Group 2 were in the Implicit and Explicit Learning Condition. A range of tasks were used to assess children’s metacognition and second language acquisition. Children’s implicit metacognitive skills and explicit metacognitive knowledge had significant predictive roles in their later second language acquisition. Children in Group 2 had higher levels of improvement in later implicit and explicit metacognition as well as in implicit and explicit second language acquisition than their counterparts in Group 1.