bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder: sociodemographic and clinical characterization of a large outpatient cohort
Authors: Benatti B. , Girone N. , Vismara M. , Bucca C. , Dell’Osso B. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a prevalent and disabling condition characterized by a wide variety of phenotypic expressions. Several studies have reinforced the hypothesis of OCD heterogeneity by proposing subtypes based on predominant symptomatology (Mataix-Cols et al., 2005), course (Tukel et al., 2007), and comorbidities (Mahasuar et al., 2011). Early-onset OCD could be considered a neurodevelopmental subtype of OCD, with evidence of distinct neurocircuits supporting disease progression (Park et al., 2022).ObjectivesThe aim of the present study is to evaluate the sociodemographic and clinical differences between the early-onset and late-onset subtypes in a large patient cohort.MethodsTwo hundred and eighty patients diagnosed with OCD were consecutively recruited from the OCD Tertiary Clinic at Luigi Sacco University Hospital in Milan. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were analyzed for the entire sample and compared between the two subgroups (EO: early-onset, age <18 years [40%]; LO: late-onset, age ≥ 18 years [60%]).ResultsThe EO group showed a higher frequency of male gender (65.5% vs 34.5%, p< .001, see Figure 1a), a higher presence of lifetime psychiatric comorbidities (75.7% vs 24.3%, p =.025), and higher rates of Tic and Tourette disorders (7.2% vs 0%, p=.006) compared to the LO group. Additionally, in the EO subgroup, a longer duration of untreated illness was observed (9.05 ± 10.0 vs 5 ± 7.17; p<.001, see Figure 1b), along with a lower presence of insight (33.3% vs. 66.7%, p =.024). No significant differences emerged in the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale scores between the groups.Image:Image 2:ConclusionsThe early-onset OCD subtype highlights a more severe psychopathological profile compared to the late-onset group. Exploring distinct manifestations and developmental trajectories of OCD can contribute to a better definition of homogeneous subtypes, useful for studying risk factors and defining targeted therapeutic strategies for treatment.Disclosure of InterestB. Benatti Speakers bureau of: Angelini, Lundbeck, Janssen, Rovi, N. Girone: None Declared, M. Vismara: None Declared, C. Bucca: None Declared, B. Dell’Osso Grant / Research support from: Angelini, Lundbeck, Janssen, Pfizer, Otzuka, Neuraxpharm, and Livanova, Speakers bureau of: Angelini, Lundbeck, Janssen, Pfizer, Otzuka, Neuraxpharm, and Livanova.
The relationship between bornout, somatic symptoms and work stress among hospital medic staff.
Authors: Török I. A. , Németh-Rácz K. , Kelemen E. , Szabóné Frank E. , Szendi I. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
The mental health for workers in the healthcare industry have been put through challenges.The first evaluation happened during the first wave of the pandemic, the second one, with grater sample size, have been conducted in Spring 2022.The healthcare system makes it less plausible to release stress adequately. The attitude of repression by the people makes the rise in stress-levels less knowledgeable This time the somatic symptoms makes the stress-levels steady shown. Our goal, to make visible, to categorise and recognise the somatic symptoms and the psychological symptoms, thus predicting the burn-out phase.ObjectivesThe attitude of repression by the people makes the rise in stress-levels less knowledgeable This time the somatic symptoms makes the stress-levels steady shown. Our goal, to make visible, to categorise and recognise the somatic symptoms and the psychological symptoms, thus predicting the burn-out phase.MethodsMethods:Participants: 497 medic workers-PPS - Perceived Stress Scale - Type d personality scale --Workplace Stress Questionnaire and Symptom List (Hungarian Hypertonia Society)-Beck Depression Questionnaire (9-item)-Oldenburg Burn-Out Questionnaire Results: From the questionnaire answers we counted-WHO Well-being Scale (5-item)
Results
12% of the people reached levels above the significant stress-level and 26% reached the mild-depression level. The burn-out levels have been significantly higher in the region of disappointment. Regarding the results of the somatic symptoms, depression and stress levels it had a leading factor, which was exhaustion.
The most frequent co-occurences of the 20 somatic and psychological symptoms of the Hungarian Hypertension Society Symptom List were also used in this study to refine the analysis. The factor analysis highlited 3 sypmtom clusters out of the 20 symptoms with the following co-occurrences (fatigue, concentration disturbance, headache, feeling of tension, palpitation, dizziness, inner tremor, distressing thoughts, sweating and nausea) The symptoms formed a total of 6 factors, of which 2 were found to be predictive of burnout and depression. The factors of muscle tension, fatigue, lack of concentration, feeling tense showed the strongest correlation with the measured varibles (burnout r=0,447, depression r=0,343, D-scale, negative mood r=0,369, p=0,000 at significance levels.)ConclusionsThe attention for the somatic complaints have a high attention between the workers, it’s part of the work culture to give more and more sacrifices, to hide the psychological effects, and deem them as weaknesses. Regarding the health of the worker it’s necessary to be more informative, to show more bearable physical symptoms to define and prevent the burn-out periods.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Investigation of cytokine imbalance in schizophrenia, assessment of the possible role of serum cytokine levels in predicting treatment response, prognosis and psychotic relapses
Authors: Bodnár K. , Hermán L. , Zsigmond R. I. , Réthelyi J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSchizophrenia, a multisystem chronic psychiatric disorder of unknown etiology, is associated with several immune dysfunctions, including abnormal levels of circulating cytokines. Exsisting evidence shows a potential causative role for cytokines in schizophrenia symptom development. Furthermore, disease duration, symptom severity, aggressive behavior, and cognitive deficits are correlated with levels of certain cytokines. Despite the development of new antipsychotics, the negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia often do not respond adequately to pharmacotherapy.ObjectivesResearch questions and hypotheses: 1. Can there be a cytokine or cytokines among the different cytokine levels detected in schizophrenia that can be used as biomarkers of treatment response? 2. Can changes in cytokine levels indicate the occurrence of psychotic relapse? 3. Can changes in the cytokine level play a role in predicting the prognosis of the disease? The secondary objectives of the planned research, in addition to the above, are to clarify the knowledge gathered so far about the relationship between cytokine level changes and the clinical symptoms associated with them.Methods
We investigate cytokine levels, blood samples are taken on hospital admission. Based on the publications, we mainly focus on the Il-2, Il-4, Il-6 and Il-10 levels, which can serve as possible predictive biomarkers relating to treatment response. We will also assess the possible role of abnormal cytokine levels and their association with symptoms severity and their potential clinical implications. The severity of the symptoms is monitored with the PANSS.Results15 schizophrenic patients who were hospitalized due to a psychotic relapse have been included. Blood samples were taken to measure cytokine levels, the PANSS scale was recorded during a psychotic relapse. We have included 9 healthy, age- and gender-matched healthy controls in the study, from whom blood samples were taken to measure cytokine levels. Preparation for measurement of cytokine levels is underway. Patient involvement is ongoing.ConclusionsA better understanding of cytokine imbalance in schizophrenia patients can potentially help in early diagnosis, novel therapeutic target indentification and development, patient stratification for choosing the best therapeutic protocol, and predicting prognosis, relapse and treatment response.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Haematological alterations in the context of olanzapine treatment
Authors: Serra B. , Ramis D. , Catalán R. , Llorca V. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionHaematological alterations, especially in the red blood cell series, are a rare adverse effect of olanzapine treatment. A 64-year-old female patient with a diagnosis of long-standing schizophrenia was admitted to the psychiatric room for psychotic decompensation and leukopenia in control laboratory tests. She had a history of mild psoriasis, allergy to sulphonamides and infectious bursitis nine years earlier secondary to neutropenia due to clozapine. On previous admission, episodes of anaemia and neutropenia related to increased doses of olanzapine were observed. On current admission, a new episode of anaemia and neutropenia occurred with doses of up to 20 mg/day of olanzapine, hemoglobin levels of 63g/L ann neutrophil count of 0,8*10^9 neutrophils/l were detected.ObjectivesReport a very rare but serious adverse effect in patients treated with olanzapine.MethodsHaematological analysis were periodically carried out from 2009 to 2023.A complete study was carried out with parameters of haemolysis, autoimmunity, a pharmacogenetic study and a myelogram.ResultsThe autoimmunity and haemolysis study excluded an autoimmune or haematological illness that could justify the haematological alterations.The myelogram showed normal cellularity.The pharmacogenetic study showed no relevant alterations.Image:Image 2:ConclusionsThe case was classified as a non-immune haemolytic anaemia secondary to olanzapine and improved with withdrawal of the drug.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
A Comparison of medication management with separate psychotherapy to medication prescribing with psychotherapy
Authors: Mehl-Madrona L. , Mainguy B. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionLittle research has been conducted on outcomes in mental health care by intensity of level of service. Mental health care has evolved in the United States to psychiatrists or psychiatric nurse-practitioners overseeing medications in 15-minute appointments while non-physicians provide the psychotherapy.ObjectivesWe wished to compare these two models when one psychiatrist worked in two settings, providing the medication management alone model in one setting and the medication + psychotherapy model in the second setting.MethodsAll patients were seen by the same psychiatrist at (1) a community mental health center (CMHC) and (2) a private practice (PP) providing services to the same type of patients over 2 years. Patients were assessed with the My Medical Outcomes Profile (MYMOP2) and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). In the CMHC, patients were seen for a 15 – minute visits every 1 to 3 months. Patients were offered psychotherapy, ranging from 1/2 hour monthly to 1 hour every other week. Some patients received weekly psychotherapy due to an interest by the clinician. In the PP, patients were seen every 1 to 4 weeks by the psychiatrist who also provided psychotherapy when that was desired. Visits ranged from 15 to 75 minutes. Other practitioners could have also provided psychotherapy. Analysis was conducted for patients who completed at least four outcome ratings. Multi-level modeling techniques as implemented in SPSS were used to determine if patients improved over time.Results
There were no differences in age, socioeconomic status, type of insurance, and type of diagnosis among the two groups. Follow-up occurred for two years. On average, no improvement occurred in outcome measurements in the CMHC setting while statistically significant improvement occurred in the PP setting. The cost of care was statistically significantly greater in the CMHC setting, due to the facility fees billed and collected for each patient (and approved by the government) of $176 additional per visit.ConclusionsFurther work can be done on establishing minimal levels of service delivery that can produce improvement for large populations in community settings. Since it is unlikely that we can generate control groups of no treatment, perhaps analyses like this one, comparing treatment models, can establish a benchmark from which we can understand the necessary level of treatment. The PP setting may have afforded more attention for patients than the CMHC setting, though at a lower cost to the government. The psychiatrist believed that he wanted patients to improve equally in both settings, but he could have been more enthusiastic in the setting in which he also did psychotherapy and therefore had better relationships with patients. On the other hand, this may be the point – better relationships with patients may be associated with better outcomes.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Experiences and attitudes of early career psychiatrists towards ECT – an international study
Authors: Tapoi C. , Noël C. , de Filippis R. , Gurrea Salas D. , Mieze K. , Almeida D. , Pushko A. , Wilkowska A. , Gołębiewska M. E. , Alexander L. , Pinto da Costa M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a psychiatric intervention that has proven effectiveness and safety in various psychiatric conditions, such as major depressive disorder, prolonged or severe manic episodes and catatonia. Despite positive scientific evidence, ECT was always seen as controversial by patients, caregivers, and even some psychiatrists, which lead to a decrease in its use over the years.ObjectivesTo investigate the way young psychiatrists view the place of ECT in modern psychiatry by assessing their knowledge, attitude and access to training opportunities in ECT.MethodsAn anonymous survey was disseminated online among early career psychiatrists and psychiatric trainees. The questionnaire consisted of 36 multiple-choice and Likert scale questions.ResultsMost of our respondents consider ECT both an effective and a safe treatment option and would recommend ECT to their patients when indicated. Early career psychiatrists who had access to ECT training are more knowledgeable about the indications, precautions and side effects of this method, but more than half of the participants mentioned ECT training was unavailable during their residency programme. Almost all respondents stated that they are interested in enhancing their theoretical and practical competencies in ECT.ConclusionsEarly career psychiatrists have a positive attitude towards ECT but express the need of targeted education aimed at improving levels of knowledge about ECT.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Virtual Reality as Exposure Therapy in the Treatment of Blood-Injection-Injury Phobias
Authors: Halouani N. , Boussaid N. , Turki M. , Barkallah M. , Ellouze S. , Aloulou J. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Virtual Reality (VR) is a transformative technology that facilitates the development of immersive virtual environments. Its application is steadily growing within Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) techniques, notably in virtuo exposure therapy. This is particularly evident in the treatment of specific phobias, with a specific focus on addressing blood-injection-injury phobias.ObjectivesThe objective of our study is to design a treatment protocol for patients suffering from blood phobia based on VR.MethodsWe used the following scales:
-Fear Survey Schedule-III (FSS-III) and the Injection Phobia Scale (IPS) for psychometric evaluation of the intensity of avoidance fear.-Questionnaire on cybersickness: to identify potential adverse effects of exposure to virtual reality.To conduct a functional analysis of phobias, we used the SECCA grid and the SORC grid.ResultsThe therapeutic protocol stages of VR for a patient suffering from Blood-Injection-Injury Phobia (BIIP) are as follows:1.Collection of sociodemographic and clinical data.2.Functional analysis to identify triggering factors, contributing factors, and consequences of behavior. The SECCA or SORC grid can help in conducting this functional analysis.3.Psychometric evaluation of the intensity of avoidance fear using the three scales: FSS-III, IPS, and the cybersickness scale.4.Patient education on the mechanisms of the phobia.5.Setting of objectives.6.Therapeutic contract.7.The Protocol :8.Cognitive approach: identification of automatic thoughts and replacement with more rational thoughts.9.Behavioral approach: Progressive exposure, controlled immersion of the patient in virtual environments corresponding to situations that trigger their phobia. This exposure is coupled with relaxation.The treatment continues with regular follow-up to ensure the consolidation of progress and to adjust strategies.For relapse prevention, simple measures ,like personalized exercises to be done by the patient, can favor the long-term maintenance of the acquired skills.Conclusions
Virtual reality exposure therapies (in virtuo) are as effective as in-vivo therapies. Besides, they offer a significant advantage over the latter as they facilitate access to stimuli or anxiety-provoking situations that are difficult to access or control in the real world.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Family intervention in schizophrenia: A case report
Authors: Arroyo Sánchez E. , Díaz Mayoral C. , Setién Preciados P. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a chronic mental illness that has a lifetime prevalence worldwide of about 1% regardless of culture, social class and race. This implies that it affects a large number of families. Family therapy has been used for years as a promising approach to intervene with people suffering from such pathology. It has been shown that families with a high level of hostility, critical comments and over-involvement are related to a higher number of relapses in the family member diagnosed with schizophrenia.ObjectivesThe objectives are to examine whether systemic interventions could help to decrease the emotion expressed in these family members and thus decrease the number of relapses of patients as an alternative to pharmacological treatment.MethodsA case report and a literature review on the impact of family therapy in patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The search strategy included keywords such as “family intervention”, “schizophrenia” and “systemic therapy”. Selection criteria included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses published between 2010 and 2021. Studies focused on the impact of family intervention on symptom management, relapse prevention and general functioning were included.ResultsThe findings consistently demonstrated the effectiveness of family intervention in improving outcomes for people with schizophrenia. These interventions generally involved psychoeducation, communication skills training, problem-solving techniques, and emotional support for family members. Results showed significant reductions in symptom severity, decreased relapse rates, improved adherence to pharmacological treatment, and better overall functioning among people who received family intervention compared with those who received only standard care. In addition, family intervention was associated with reduced caregiver burden, improved family communication, as well as increased knowledge about schizophrenia and its management.ConclusionsFamily intervention has become a valuable adjunctive treatment for people with schizophrenia. The findings of this review highlight its positive impact on symptom management, relapse prevention, and overall functioning. Family intervention offers a holistic approach that recognizes the importance of involving and supporting the family system in the treatment process. This intervention provides families with the tools and resources necessary to effectively cope with the challenges associated with schizophrenia and promotes a supportive and nurturing environment for the individual. Future research should focus on long-term outcomes and implementation of the family intervention in routine clinical practice.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The Effect of Physical Activity on Postural Abilities in Menopausal Women
Authors: Feki A. , Sellami I. , Ellouze F. , Yahya M. , Baklouti S. , Elleuch M. H. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Menopause marks a significant physiological transition in a woman’s life, often accompanied by various health challenges. Understanding the impact of physical activity on postural abilities in menopausal women is crucial for promoting their overall well-being during this transformative stage.ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to investigate the effect of a physical activity program on postural abilities, psychological well-being, and the quality of life of menopausal women.Methods
Nineteen menopausal women, averaging 56±3 years of age, participated in a 12-week Zumba-style physical training program, consisting of three 50-minute sessions per week. The exercise regimen incorporated aerobic workouts, muscle conditioning, balance exercises, and flexibility training, predominantly inspired by Latin dances. Postural balance was evaluated using a stabilometric force platform, measuring the average velocity of the center of pressure (COPvm) under open eyes (OE) and closed eyes (CE) conditions on both firm and soft surfaces. Quality of life and mood were assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire (Short Form Survey-36) and the BMIS score (Brief Mood Introspection Scale). Assessments were conducted before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the 12-week training period.Results
The findings revealed a significant decrease in COPvm values in the post-test for both conditions (on a firm surface: OE p=0.05, CE p=0.01; on a soft surface: OE p=0.001, CE p=0.05). Additionally, improvements in mood (p=0.05) and quality of life (p=0.05) were observed compared to baseline values.ConclusionsThis study underscores the positive impact of Zumba-style physical training on postural abilities, mood, and quality of life among menopausal women. These results suggest that such exercise programs hold promise in reducing the risk and incidence of falls associated with menopauseDisclosure of InterestNone Declared