bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor/microRNA-212/132 axis in T cells regulates IL-10 production to maintain intestinal homeostasis
Authors: Chinen Ichino , Nakahama Taisuke , Kimura Akihiro , Nguyen Nam T. , Takemori Hiroshi , Kumagai Ayako , Kayama Hisako , Takeda Kiyoshi , Lee Soyoung , Hanieh Hamza , Ripley Barry , Millrine David , Dubey Praveen K. , Nyati Kishan K. , Fujii-Kuriyama Yoshiaki , Chowdhury Kamal , Kishimoto Tadamitsu 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr), a transcription factor, plays a critical role in autoimmune inflammation of the intestine. In addition, microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding oligonucleotides, mediate pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, the precise mechanism and interactions of these molecules in IBD pathogenesis have not yet been investigated. We analyzed the role of Ahr and Ahr-regulated miRNAs in colonic inflammation. Our results show that deficiency of Ahr in intestinal epithelial cells in mice exacerbated inflammation in dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. Deletion of Ahr in T cells attenuated colitis, which was manifested by suppressed Th17 cell infiltration into the lamina propria. Candidate miRNA analysis showed that induction of colitis elevated expression of the miR-212/132 cluster in the colon of wild-type mice, whereas in Ahr−/− mice, expression was clearly lower. Furthermore, miR-212/132−/− mice were highly resistant to colitis and had reduced levels of Th17 cells and elevated levels of IL-10-producing CD4+ cells. In vitro analyses revealed that induction of type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cells was significantly elevated in miR-212/132−/− T cells with increased c-Maf expression. Our findings emphasize the vital role of Ahr in intestinal homeostasis and suggest that inhibition of miR-212/132 represents a viable therapeutic strategy for treating colitis.
MicroRNAs provide the first evidence of genetic link between diapause and aging in vertebrates
Authors: Dolfi Luca , Baumgart Mario , Groth Marco , Ripa Roberto , Platzer Matthias , Cellerino Alessandro 
Published: April 2015

SummaryDiapause and aging are controlled by overlapping genetic mechanisms inC.elegansand these include microRNAs (miRNAs). Here, we investigated miRNA regulation in embryos of annual killifish that naturally undergo diapause to overcome desiccation of their habitats. We compared miRNA expression in diapausing and non-diapausing embryos in three independent lineages of killifish. We identified 13 miRNAs with similar regulation in all three lineages. One of these is miR-430, which is known as key regulator of early embryonic development in fish. We further tested whether this regulation overlaps with the aging-dependent regulation of miRNAs in one annual species:Nothobranchius furzeri. We found that miR-101a and miR-18a are regulated in the same direction during diapause and aging. These results provide the first evidence that overlapping genetic networks control diapause and aging in vertebrates and suggest that diapause mimics aging to some extent.
Genome-wide Analysis Reveals Novel Regulators of Growth inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Vonesch Sibylle Chantal , Lamparter David , Mackay Trudy FC , Bergmann Sven , Hafen Ernst 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTOrganismal size depends on the interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Genome-wide association (GWA) analyses in humans have implied many genes in the control of height but suffer from the inability to control the environment. Genetic analyses inDrosophilahave identified conserved signaling pathways controlling size; however, how these pathways control phenotypic diversity is unclear. We performed GWA of size traits using theDrosophilaGenetic Reference Panel of inbred, sequenced lines. We find that the top associated variants differ between traits and sexes; do not map to canonical growth pathway genes, but can be linked to these by epistasis analysis; and are enriched for genes and putative enhancers. Performing GWA on well-studied developmental traits under controlled conditions expands our understanding of developmental processes underlying phenotypic diversity.AUTHOR SUMMARYGenetic studies inDrosophilahave elucidated conserved signaling pathways and environmental factors that together control organismal size. In humans, hundreds of genes are associated with height variation, but these associations have not been performed in a controlled environment. As a result we are still lacking an understanding of the mechanisms creating size variability within a species. Here, under carefully controlled environmental conditions, we identify naturally occurring genetic variants that are associated with size diversity inDrosophila. We identify a cluster of associations close to thekek1locus, a well-characterized growth regulator, but otherwise find that most variants are located in or close to genes that do not belong to the conserved pathways but may interact with these in a biological network. Many of these genes have a conserved role in humans. We validate 33 novel growth regulatory genes that participate in diverse cellular processes, most notably cellular metabolism and cell polarity. This study is the first genome-wide association analysis of natural variants underlying size inDrosophilaand our results complement the knowledge we have accumulated on this trait from mutational studies of single genes.
Grounding accumulation by dispossession in everyday life
Authors: Hodkinson Stuart , Essen Chris 
Published: April 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to ground Harvey’s (2003) top-down theory of “accumulation by dispossession” in the everyday lives of people and places with specific focus on the role of law. It does this by drawing upon the lived experiences of residents on a public housing estate in England (UK) undergoing regeneration and gentrification through the Private Finance Initiative (PFI).Design/methodology/approach– Members of the residents association on the Myatts Field North estate, London, were engaged as action research partners, working with the researchers to collect empirical data through surveys of their neighbours, organising community events and being formally interviewed themselves. Their experiential knowledge was supplemented with an extensive review of all associated policy, planning, legal and contractual documentation, some of which was disclosed in response to requests made under the Freedom of Information Act 2000.Findings– Three specific forms of place-based dispossession were identified: the loss of consumer rights, the forcible acquisition of homes and the erasure of place identity through the estate’s rebranding. Layard’s (2010) concept of the “law of place” was shown to be broadly applicable in capturing how legal frameworks assist in enacting accumulation by dispossession in people’s lives. Equally important is the ideological power of law as a discursive practice that ultimately undermines resistance to apparent injustices.Originality/value– This paper develops Harvey’s concept of accumulation by dispossession in conversation with legal geography scholarship. It shows – via the Myatts Field North estate case study – how PFI, as a mechanism of accumulation by dispossession in the abstract, enacts dispossession in the concrete, assisted by the place-making and ideological power of law.
Dementia in the workplace: a review
Authors: Ritchie Louise , Banks Pauline , Danson Michael , Tolson Debbie , Borrowman Fiona 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– Recent changes affecting state pension age, and earlier diagnosis, will result in more people with dementia in employment. The purpose of this paper is to establish the nature of support that would enable/enables people with dementia or mild cognitive impairment to continue employment post diagnosis.

Design/methodology/approach
– An integrative review was carried out supported by information derived from a thematic analysis of data from interviews with seven relatives supporting a younger person with dementia and one person with dementia.

Findings
– Six papers were identified for inclusion in the review. Findings from the published papers and interviews indicated that work is a significant issue for people with dementia highlighting problems with job retention, work performance and the impact of diagnosis.

Research limitations/implications
– The review highlighted a dearth of high-quality research in the area. Although employment was not the main focus of the interviews, the extracts highlight some of the challenges that face people who develop dementia while of working age, their families, and employers.

Practical implications
– Vocational rehabilitation is primarily carried out by allied health professionals; however, there is a lack of research evidence relating to people with dementia in the workplace. Further research is needed in order to inform future practice.

Social implications
– Loss of employment deprives families of financial security and employers of a skilled employee.

Originality/value
– This is the first review to focus on dementia in employment, providing a starting point on which to base future research in this area.
Harnessing the power of cohort studies for dementia research
Authors: Breeze Elizabeth , Hart Nicola Jean , Aarsland Dag , Moody Catherine , Brayne Carol 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to scope potential and gaps in European cohort studies with focus on brain ageing and neurodegeneration.

Design/methodology/approach
– Combined and augmented two scoping exercises conducted for European Union Joint Programme on Neurodegenerative Diseases (JPND) and the Alzheimer Society UK.

Findings
– In total, 106 cohorts initially identified with a further 52 found on second sweep. Strengths include gender balance, diversity of measures and much detail on health and health behaviours, and lifecourse representation. Major gaps identified were the oldest old, non-Caucasians, people in Eastern Europe, migrant populations, rural residents and people in long-term care. Quality of life, psychosocial and environmental factors were limited. Relatively few cohorts are population representative. Analytical methods for combining studies and longitudinal analysis require careful consideration.

Research limitations/implications
– European studies and published information only.

Practical implications
– Collaboration across disciplines and studies, greater dissemination of methods and findings will improve knowledge about cognitive and functional decline in current and future older populations.

Social implications
– Better understanding of brain ageing and the dementia syndrome will improve investment decisions for primary, secondary and tertiary prevention.

Originality/value
– Building on the work of JPND and the Alzheimer Society is the first study of the scope and limitations of current cohorts in Europe. It is designed to help researchers and policy makers in their planning.
The arts in dementia care education: a developmental study
Authors: Zeilig Hannah , Poland Fiona , Fox Chris , Killick John 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to outline the first stage of an innovative developmental study addressing the educational and emotional needs of dementia care home staff using arts-based materials.

Design/methodology/approach
– The arts workshop was developed using a mixed methods approach. This included ethnographic observation within a dementia care home, in-depth interviews with senior care home managers, a thematic analysis of focus groups and the development of a comic. At all stages, the multi-disciplinary project team collaborated closely with the care home staff. A comprehensive literature review of the policy, practice and academic background to dementia workforce education provided a contextual framework for the study. Perspectives from the medical humanities informed the project.

Findings
– Despite the high prevalence of people living with dementia in care homes, there is a lack of appropriate training for the workforce that provides their care. This study found that an arts-based workshop offering an interactive mode of education was an effective way to engage this workforce. The workshop empowered participants to recognise their skills and focus on person-centred care; reflecting current recommendations for dementia care.

Research limitations/implications
– The workshop was delivered in a single dementia care home and therefore findings may not be generalisable. In addition, the management did not take a direct part in the delivery of the workshop and therefore their views are not included in this study.

Practical implications
– The arts-based approach can offer a means of engaging the dementia care workforce in education linked to their experience of caring.

Originality/value
– The paper identifies the gap in relevant education for the dementia care workforce and outlines one possible way of addressing this gap using the arts.
Quality management – history and trends
Authors: Weckenmann Albert , Akkasoglu Goekhan , Werner Teresa 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The continuous development of quality management in organizations was driven on the one hand by competition and on the other hand by growing requirements of the customers. Mass production with a pure push strategy changed to a more and more pull strategy with higher customer and market orientation. To satisfy the requirements of the triangle quality, cost and time the field of view of quality management has continuously been widened from considering “what” is done to “how” it is done. Nowadays the complexity and interrelations inside and outside of organizations increased with their global orientation. To face these global challenges, the purpose of this paper is to do a detailed analysis of the history of quality management that can support the initial position in development of specific tools and methods for quality improvement in organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
– For the historic analysis a well-founded literature review has been performed. After presenting the historical development of quality management, the current situation described. Finally an outlook for upcoming trends in quality management is provided by extrapolating current developments.

Findings
– Four different paradigm shifts in quality management are up to now identified and described, accompanied by a high number of smaller development steps. Current efforts for the further development of quality management encompass “perceived quality”, “human-focused quality management” and “intelligent quality management”.

Originality/value
– The paper gives a survey on the development of quality management and delivers a forecast on future requirements and trends in structuring the quality management in technical enterprises.
Microbial Hazards in Irrigation Water: Standards, Norms, and Testing to Manage Use of Water in Fresh Produce Primary Production
Authors: Uyttendaele Mieke , Jaykus Lee‐Ann , Amoah Philip , Chiodini Alessandro , Cunliffe David , Jacxsens Liesbeth , Holvoet Kevin , Korsten Lise , Lau Mathew , McClure Peter , Medema Gertjan , Sampers Imca , Rao Jasti Pratima 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAccessibility to abundant sources of high‐quality water is integral to the production of safe and wholesome fresh produce. However, access to safe water is becoming increasingly difficult in many parts of the world, and this can lead to the production of fresh produce contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms, resulting in increased risk of human disease. Water, an important raw material in the fresh produce chain, is used in considerable amounts in many operations, including irrigation and application of pesticides and fertilizers, but also as a transport medium and for cooling and washing in postharvest practices. In several reported outbreaks related to uncooked fruit and vegetable products, water has been identified as a likely source of the outbreak. The present study, initiated by the ILSI Europe Emerging Microbiological Issues Task Force in collaboration with 8 other ILSI branches and support of WHO/FAO, was undertaken to review the status of, and provide suggestions for, consideration by different stakeholders on water and sanitation and its impact on food safety and public health. A limited number of guidelines and regulations on water quality for agricultural production are available, and many of them are still heavily based on microbial standards and (debated) parameters such as fecal coliforms. Data gaps have been identified with regard to baseline studies of microbial pathogens in water sources in many regions, the need for agreement on methods and microbial parameters to be used in assessing water quality, the fate of pathogens in water, and their transfer and persistence on irrigated/processed produce.
Innovations in Health Value and Functional Food Development of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)
Authors: Graf Brittany L. , Rojas‐Silva Patricio , Rojo Leonel E. , Delatorre‐Herrera Jose , Baldeón Manuel E. , Raskin Ilya 
Published: April 2015

AbstractQuinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd., Amaranthaceae) is a grain‐like, stress‐tolerant food crop that has provided subsistence, nutrition, and medicine for Andean indigenous cultures for thousands of years. Quinoa contains a high content of health‐beneficial phytochemicals, including amino acids, fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, saponins, phytosterols, phytoecdysteroids, phenolics, betalains, and glycine betaine. Over the past 2 decades, numerous food and nutraceutical products and processes have been developed from quinoa. Furthermore, 4 clinical studies have demonstrated that quinoa supplementation exerts significant, positive effects on metabolic, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal health in humans. However, vast challenges and opportunities remain within the scientific, agricultural, and development sectors to optimize quinoa's role in the promotion of global human health and nutrition.
Clozapine‐induced myocarditis, a widely overlooked adverse reaction
Authors: Ronaldson K. J. , Fitzgerald P. B. , McNeil J. J. 
Published: April 2015

ObjectiveWe review the published cases of clozapine‐induced myocarditis and describe reasons for the higher incidence in Australia (>1%) than elsewhere (<0.1%).MethodMedline was searched to September 2014 using ‘clozapine’ as the sole term.ResultsA total of around 250 cases of clozapine‐induced myocarditis have been published. Fever among patients commencing clozapine has been reported internationally, and very few of these cases were investigated for myocarditis. The time to onset of fever is consistent with its being part of a prodrome of undiagnosed myocarditis, and the risk factors are similar to those for myocarditis. In more severe cases, clozapine is discontinued, avoiding fatalities which may occur with myocarditis. Furthermore, cases of sudden death and respiratory illness may well have been undiagnosed myocarditis. The diagnosis of myocarditis is confounded by the non‐specific nature of the signs and symptoms, and it depends on appropriate investigations being conducted at the time of myocardial involvement or, for fatal cases, the affected area of the myocardium being sampled for histology.ConclusionIt is likely that the incidence of myocarditis is around 3%. Implementation of monitoring procedures will increase case ascertainment and result in more patients benefiting from this valuable medication.
Dialysis Complications in Acute Kidney Injury Patients Treated With Prolonged Intermittent Renal Replacement Therapy Sessions Lasting 10 Versus 6 Hours: Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Albino Bianca Ballarin , Balbi André Luis , Abrão Juliana Maria Gera , Ponce Daniela 
Published: April 2015

AbstractProlonged intermittent renal replacement therapy (PIRRT) has emerged as an alternative to continuous renal replacement therapy in the management of acute kidney injury (AKI) patients. This trial aimed to compare the dialysis complications occurring during different durations of PIRRT sessions in critically ill AKI patients. We included patients older than 18 years with AKI associated with sepsis admitted to the intensive care unit and using noradrenaline doses ranging from 0.3 to 0.7 µg/kg/min. Patients were divided into two groups randomly: in G1, 6‐h sessions were performed, and in G2, 10‐h sessions were performed. Seventy‐five patients were treated with 195 PIRRT sessions for 18 consecutive months. The prevalence of hypotension, filter clotting, hypokalemia, and hypophosphatemia was 82.6, 25.3, 20, and 10.6%, respectively. G1 was composed of 38 patients treated with 100 sessions, whereas G2 consisted of 37 patients treated with 95 sessions. G1 and G2 were similar in male predominance (65.7 vs. 75.6%, P = 0.34), age (63.6 ± 14 vs. 59.9 ± 15.5 years, P = 0.28) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (SOFA; 13.1 ± 2.4 vs. 14.2 ± 3.0, P = 0.2). There was no significant difference between the two groups in hypotension (81.5 vs. 83.7%, P = 0.8), filter clotting (23.6 vs. 27%, P = 0.73), hypokalemia (13.1 vs. 8.1%, P = 0.71), and hypophosphatemia (18.4 vs. 21.6%, P = 0.72). However, the group treated with sessions of 10 h were refractory to clinical measures for hypotension, and dialysis sessions were interrupted more often (9.5 vs. 30.1%, P = 0.03). Metabolic control and fluid balance were similar between G1 and G2 (blood urea nitrogen [BUN]: 81 ± 30 vs. 73 ± 33 mg/dL, P = 1.0; delivered Kt/V: 1.09 ± 0.24 vs. 1.26 ± 0.26, P = 0.09; actual ultrafiltration: 1731 ± 818 vs. 2332 ± 947 mL, P = 0.13) and fluid balance (–731 ± 125 vs. −652 ± 141 mL, respectively) . In conclusion, intradialysis hypotension was common in AKI patients treated with PIRRT. There was no difference in the prevalence of dialysis complications in patients undergoing different durations of PIRRT.
Evaluation of the Performance and Safety of a Newly Developed Intravenous Fluid Warmer
Authors: Kim Hee Jung , Yoo Sung Mook , Son Ho Sung , Ahn Chi Bum , Shin Yeon Soo , Chung Jae Ho , Sun Kyung 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTo evaluate the performance and safety of a newly developed blood warmer (ThermoSens), we tested its heating capability under various conditions using isotonic saline and hemolysis analysis with swine blood. The following two in vitro tests were performed: (i) To investigate the performance of the device, the inflow and outflow temperatures were measured at various flow rates (30, 50, and 100 mL/min) using cold (5°C) and room temperature (20°C) isotonic saline (0.9%). Several parameters were measured including the highest temperature of the outlet, the time required to reach the highest temperature, and the temperature of the intravenous line. (ii) To investigate the safety of the device, a hemolysis test was performed using swine blood. We obtained 320 mL of whole blood from swine and refrigerated the blood for 35 days at 3°C. In order to replicate the clinical situation, blood flow by gravity and pressure (300 mm Hg) was used. Before and after the heating test, blood samples were obtained and a comparison was made between these samples. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, lactate dehydrogenase, and plasma hemoglobin were used for red blood cell (RBC) damage analysis. The highest outlet temperatures obtained using flow rates of 30, 50, and 100 mL/min were 39.10 ± 0.59, 39.25 ± 0.69, and 37.63 ± 1.03°C, respectively, with cold saline, and 39.40 ± 0.40, 39.66 ± 0.36, and 39.49 ± 0.49°C, respectively, with room temperature saline. Hemolysis tests showed no significant changes in hemoglobin, hematocrit, lactate dehydrogenase, or plasma hemoglobin (P > 0.05) between before and after heating for both gravity and pressure blood flow. The ThermoSens blood warmer warms isotonic saline effectively, reaching temperatures up to 36°C under various conditions. Hemolysis tests showed no RBC damage. Therefore, the newly developed ThermoSens has good heating performance and is safe for RBC products.