bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moho topography, ranges and folds of Tibet by analysis of global gravity models and GOCE data
Authors: Shin Young Hong , Shum C.K. , Braitenberg Carla , Lee Sang Mook , Na Sung -Ho , Choi Kwang Sun , Hsu Houtse , Park Young-Sue , Lim Mutaek 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe determination of the crustal structure is essential in geophysics, as it gives insight into the geohistory, tectonic environment, geohazard mitigation, etc. Here we present the latest advance on three-dimensional modeling representing the Tibetan Mohorovičić discontinuity (topography and ranges) and its deformation (fold), revealed by analyzing gravity data from GOCE mission. Our study shows noticeable advances in estimated Tibetan Moho model which is superior to the results using the earlier gravity models prior to GOCE. The higher quality gravity field of GOCE is reflected in the Moho solution: we find that the Moho is deeper than 65 km, which is twice the normal continental crust beneath most of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, while the deepest Moho, up to 82 km, is located in western Tibet. The amplitude of the Moho fold is estimated to be ranging from −9 km to 9 km with a standard deviation of ~2 km. The improved GOCE gravity derived Moho signals reveal a clear directionality of the Moho ranges and Moho fold structure, orthogonal to deformation rates observed by GPS. This geophysical feature, clearly more evident than the ones estimated using earlier gravity models, reveals that it is the result of the large compressional tectonic process.
Decay in survival motor neuron and plastin 3 levels during differentiation of iPSC-derived human motor neurons
Authors: Boza-Morán María G , Martínez-Hernández Rebeca , Bernal Sara , Wanisch Klaus , Also-Rallo Eva , Le Heron Anita , Alías Laura , Denis Cécile , Girard Mathilde , Yee Jiing-Kuan , Tizzano Eduardo F. , Yáñez-Muñoz Rafael J 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disease caused by mutations inSurvival Motor Neuron 1(SMN1), leading to degeneration of alpha motor neurons (MNs) but also affecting other cell types. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived human MN models from severe SMA patients have shown relevant phenotypes. We have produced and fully characterized iPSCs from members of a discordant consanguineous family with chronic SMA. We differentiated the iPSC clones into ISL-1+/ChAT+ MNs and performed a comparative study during the differentiation process, observing significant differences in neurite length and number between family members. Analyses of samples from wild-type, severe SMA type I and the type IIIa/IV family showed a progressive decay in SMN protein levels during iPSC-MN differentiation, recapitulating previous observations in developmental studies. PLS3 underwent parallel reductions at both the transcriptional and translational levels. The underlying, progressive developmental decay in SMN and PLS3 levels may lead to the increased vulnerability of MNs in SMA disease. Measurements ofSMNandPLS3transcript and protein levels in iPSC-derived MNs show limited value as SMA biomarkers.
Pupillary light reflex to light inside the natural blind spot
Authors: Miyamoto Kentaro , Murakami Ikuya 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWhen a light stimulus covers the human natural blind spot (BS), perceptual filling-in corrects for the missing information inside the BS. Here, we examined whether a filled-in surface of light perceived inside the BS affects the size of the short-latency pupillary light reflex (PLR), a pupil response mediated by a subcortical pathway for unconscious vision. The PLR was not induced by a red surface that was physically absent but perceptually filled-in inside the BS in the presence of a red ring surrounding it. However, a white large disk covering the BS unexpectedly induced a larger PLR than a white ring surrounding the BS border did, even though these two stimuli must be equivalent for the visual system and trial-by-trial percepts did not predict PLR size. These results suggest that some physiological mechanism, presumably the retinal cells containing the photopigment melanopsin, receives the light projected inside the BS and enhances PLR.
First demonstration of InGaP/InAlGaP based orange laser emitting at 608 nm
Authors: Majid M.A. , Al‐Jabr A.A. , Oubei H.M. , Alias M.S. , Anjum D.H. , Ng T.K. , Ooi B.S. 
Published: June 2015

The fabrication of orange‐emitting semiconductor laser on interdiffused InGaP/InAlGaP structure is reported. The lasers lased at 22°C at a wavelength as short as 608 nm with threshold current density of 3.4 KAcm−2 and a maximum output power of ∼46 mW. This is the shortest wavelength electrically pumped semiconductor laser emission from the InGaP/InAlGaP structure.
Zur Entwicklung der ärztlichen Versorgung in stationären Pflegeeinrichtungen – Ergebnisse einer empirischen Untersuchung
Authors: Kleina T. , Horn A. , Suhr R. , Schaeffer D. 
Published: June 2015

ZusammenfassungNachdem verschiedene Untersuchungen Defizite bei der Versorgung von Heimbewohnern durch Allgemein- und Fachärzte offengelegt haben, hat sich die Diskussion um die Qualität der ärztlichen Versorgung von Bewohnern stationärer Pflegeeinrichtungen in den vergangenen Jahren intensiviert. In Reaktion darauf wurden vonseiten der Politik verschiedene Versuche unternommen, Verbesserungen herbeizuführen. Um ein Bild über die aktuelle Situation in stationären Pflegeeinrichtungen zu gewinnen, wurden Daten zur gesundheitlichen Situation und der medizinischen Versorgung von insgesamt 778 Nutzern aus 8 Pflegeheimen erhoben. Es handelte sich bei ihnen überwiegend um multimorbide Personen, die zahlreiche ärztlich verordnete Medikamente einnahmen. Mit Blick auf die ärztliche Versorgung zeigte sich, dass rund 91% der Bewohner mindestens vierteljährlich persönlichen Kontakt zu Allgemeinmedizinern und/oder Internisten hatten und nur 1,3% von ihnen über einen Zeitraum von einem Jahr keine solchen Kontakte aufwiesen. Dem gegenüber erwies sich die Kontakthäufigkeit zu anderen Fachärzten als vergleichsweise gering. So hatten bspw. nur 18,9% der Nutzer mindestens einmal jährlich Kontakt zu Urologen, nur 16,7% mindestens einmal jährlich Kontakt zu Augenärzten, nur 39,6% mindestens einmal jährlich Kontakt zu Zahnärzten und nur 10,6% der weiblichen Bewohner mindestens einmal jährlich Kontakt zu Gynäkologen. Die Anteile lagen damit – trotz des Vorhandenseins spezifischer medizinischer Problemlagen – unter den Inanspruchnahmequoten älterer Bevölkerungsgruppen, die nicht im Heim leben. Diese Ergebnisse lassen darauf schließen, dass die in den vergangenen Jahren getroffen Maßnahmen zur Optimierung der fachärztlichen Versorgung in Pflegeheimen bislang nur wenig Wirkung entfalten und bekannte Defizite fortbestehen. Angesichts der möglichen Folgen für die Nutzer bedarf es weiterer und intensiverer Anstrengungen zur Verbesserung der haus- und fachärztlichen Versorgung in Einrichtungen der stationären Langzeitversorgung.
Direct effects of nutrition on behavior: brain-behavior connections.
Authors: Worobey J. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

This chapter first reviews the structure and development of the central nervous system then provides an overview of the role of nutrients (lipids, fatty acids, macronutrients, micronutrients, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and essential fatty acids) in brain and infant development. It also examines the following associations: polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation and infant behaviour; cholesterol and adult behaviour; cholesterol and antisocial behaviour; cholesterol and cognitive functioning; and cholesterol-serotonin and brain function.
Bio-behavioral and psychosocial influences on nutrition.
Authors: Tepper B. J. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

This chapter explores how major biological variables such as sex, age, genetic background and disease influence the nutrition-behaviour paradigm. The major genetic and biological determinants of the nutrition-behavior model are described are discussed together with psychosocial variables. Particular topics discussed include taste perception and preference; genetic taste predispositions; developmental factors and early taste experiences; disease, aging, pregnancy, social interactions and eating attitudes; food availability and cost; and dietary restraint.
Globalization of national journals: investigating the growth of international authorship
Authors: GAZNI Ali 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTThis study investigated changes in the internationality of national publishers' journals for the period 1990–2013. The patterns of foreign and interregional authorship in papers and references of 4,199 journals from 3,529 publishers were analyzed. The results revealed that foreign authorship increased from 36% to 62% during the period, but interregional authorship only grew from 77% to 82%. The growth in internationality is not the same across disciplines and regions of the world. Agricultural sciences, psychiatry/psychology, and economics and business have the least number of foreign authors, while journals in space science, mathematics, and physics have the most. According to the number of both foreign‐authored papers and foreign‐authored citations, clinical medicine is one of the least international fields. Latin America and Middle East publishers have a greater tendency to publish papers from authors in their countries. In contrast, national publishers in North America have become considerably more international over time. Russia, China, and Brazil publish the least number of foreign authored‐papers in their journals, while Switzerland's journals publish the most.
The ethical issues in instructions for authors of Chinese biomedical journals
Authors: WU Yang , ZOU Qiang 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT229 Chinese‐language biomedical journals from A Guide to The Core Journals of China were investigated for their guidance on 14 ethical issues. The issues of authorship, duplicate submission, privacy and confidentiality, and integrity of the data were mentioned in more than 50% of the journals. Except for the issues of authorship and protection of animals in research, significant differences were found between Chinese Medical Association Publishing House (CMAPH) journals (n = 67) and non‐CMAPH journals (n = 162) (P < 0.05). 66 of the 229 journals did not update their instructions for authors regularly. 196 journal instructions listed authorship criteria, while the other 33 did not. Clinical trial registration policy was required by 26 (11.3%) journals, among which the CONSORT statement for randomized trials was required by 23, and only one journal guided the authors to work in line with the EQUATOR Network. The study concludes that the situation of publishing ethics in the instructions for authors of Chinese biomedical journals is not favorable, and that Chinese biomedical editors should learn more about publishing ethics in order to reduce opportunities for publication problems.
Oscillatory exchange bias effect in La0.67Sr0.33MnO3/G-SrMnO3/La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 sandwiches
Authors: Mao H J , Li F , Xiao L R , Wang Y Y , Cui B , Peng J J , Pan F , Song C 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
We investigate the exchange bias effect in La0.67Sr0.33MnO3/G-SrMnO3/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO/SMO/LSMO) sandwiches, where the spacer is a G-type antiferromagnet. Because of the cycloid bulk spins in the SMO modulated by the top LSMO layer, the sandwich structure exhibits an oscillatory exchange bias behavior as a function of the SMO thickness. This unprecedented phenomenon vanishes in LSMO/SMO bilayers, where the exchange bias saturates as the SMO thickness increases, giving rise to the antiferromagnetic anisotropy constant of SMO, 1.0 –2.0   ×   105 erg cm−3. The results provide a broad opportunity to tailor antiferromagnetic moments by interfacial design for antiferromagnet spintronics.
High power impulse sputtering of chromium: correlation between the energy distribution of chromium ions and spoke formation
Authors: Breilmann W , Eitrich A , Maszl C , Hecimovic A , Layes V , Benedikt J , von Keudell A 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
High power magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) discharges generate ions with high kinetic energies in comparison to conventional dc magnetron sputtering. The peculiar shape of the ion energy distribution function (IEDF) is correlated to the formation of localized ionization zones (IZ) in the racetrack of a HiPIMS discharge, so called spokes. This is explained by a local maximum of the electrical potential inside these localized IZ. By using ion energy mass spectrometry, probe experiments and plasma spectroscopy the connection between IZ and IEDFs is evaluated with high temporal resolution. The data of a floating probe next to the target is used to directly monitor the movement of the spokes in the

direction. Chromium is used as target material, because the plasma undergoes a sequence from stochastic spoke formation, to regular spoke pattern rotating in the

direction to a homogeneous plasma torus with increasing plasma power. In particular, the analysis of the transition from the regular spoke pattern to the homogeneous plasma torus at very high plasma powers shows that the high energy part of the IEDF is not affected and only the low energy part is modified. Consequently, one could consider the homogenous plasma torus at very high plasma powers as a a single ionization zone localized over the complete torus, which is formed by merging individual spokes with increasing power. Details and consequences of that model are discussed.
Predicting tumor purity from methylation microarray data
Authors: Zhang Naiqian , Wu Hua-Jun , Zhang Weiwei , Wang Jun , Wu Hao , Zheng Xiaoqi 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Motivation: In cancer genomics research, one important problem is that the solid tissue sample obtained from clinical settings is always a mixture of cancer and normal cells. The sample mixture brings complication in data analysis and results in biased findings if not correctly accounted for. Estimating tumor purity is of great interest, and a number of methods have been developed using gene expression, copy number variation or point mutation data.
Results: We discover that in cancer samples, the distributions of data from Illumina Infinium 450 k methylation microarray are highly correlated with tumor purities. We develop a simple but effective method to estimate purities from the microarray data. Analyses of the Cancer Genome Atlas lung cancer data demonstrate favorable performance of the proposed method.
Availability and implementation: The method is implemented in InfiniumPurify, which is freely available at https://bitbucket.org/zhengxiaoqi/infiniumpurify.
Contact: xqzheng@shnu.edu.cn or hao.wu@emory.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
damidseq_pipeline: an automated pipeline for processing DamID sequencing datasets
Authors: Marshall Owen J. , Brand Andrea H. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Summary: DamID is a powerful technique for identifying regions of the genome bound by a DNA-binding (or DNA-associated) protein. Currently, no method exists for automatically processing next-generation sequencing DamID (DamID-seq) data, and the use of DamID-seq datasets with normalization based on read-counts alone can lead to high background and the loss of bound signal. DamID-seq thus presents novel challenges in terms of normalization and background minimization. We describe here damidseq_pipeline, a software pipeline that performs automatic normalization and background reduction on multiple DamID-seq FASTQ datasets.
Availability and implementation: Open-source and freely available from http://owenjm.github.io/damidseq_pipeline. The damidseq_pipeline is implemented in Perl and is compatible with any Unix-based operating system (e.g. Linux, Mac OSX).
Contact: o.marshall@gurdon.cam.ac.uk
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The use of acoustic accelerometer tags to determine seasonal changes in activity and catchability of a recreationally caught marine teleost
Authors: Stehfest Kilian M. , Lyle Jeremy M. , Semmens Jayson M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractUnderstanding the way catchability of exploited fish species varies due to changes in individual fish behaviour is a seldom addressed but important requisite for extracting accurate information on fish abundance from catch per unit effort (cpue) data, particularly from baited gears. In this study, cpue data analysis was combined with analysis of movement and activity data from acoustic telemetry tags to determine the nature of seasonal changes in cpue of the recreationally caught sand flathead (Platycephalus bassensis) in a coastal bay and estuary in southeast Tasmania, Australia. Water temperature had a significant influence on cpue of sand flathead with lower catches at lower temperatures. Yet, even at the relatively small scale of this study (10 s of km), the mechanisms in which temperature affects cpue were highly area specific. In the shallow, estuarine part of the study area, changes in cpue were driven by changes in availability, due to seasonal movements of fish in and out of the area. In the deeper bay at the mouth of the estuary, on the other hand, changes in cpue with temperature were most likely driven by temperature-related changes in activity. At lower temperatures, fish were less active, indicating that fish will have a lower probability of encountering bait as well as lower feeding motivation due to lower metabolic debt. This shows the importance of the inclusion of an environmentally influenced catchability parameter in stock assessment models that utilize cpue data from baited gear types, which is often only done implicitly on a coarse temporal scale by accounting for changes in cpue with season. Our study furthermore highlights the usefulness of acoustic telemetry in a fisheries context beyond the basic study of fish movement, allowing the monitoring of activity levels of exploited fish in relation to environmental parameters in the field.
Transcription Analysis of the Beta-Glucosidase Precursor in Wild-Type and
l-
4
i
Mutant
Bombyx mori
(Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)
Authors: Kang Lequn , Huang Fei , Wu Fan , Zhao Qiaoling 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Lethal fourth-instar larvae ( l- 4 i ) mutant of Bombyx mori , a recently discovered novel mutant, die from energy depletion due to genetic mutation. Beta-glucosidase is a common digestive enzyme that hydrolyzes cellulose in the diet to provide energy. In this study, the mRNA expression profiles of B. mori beta-glucosidase precursor ( BmpreBG ) were characterized by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The transcription level of BmpreBG varied in different tissues and developmental stages, except in the pupa and moth, which are the no-diet period. Remarkably, the mRNA expression level of BmpreBG was sharply reduced in l- 4 i but not in the wild type, which suggested that the digestive function of the mutant was severely damaged. This was consistent with the l- 4 i phenotypic traits of not eating mulberries, lack of energy, and ultimate death. 5′-rapid amplification of cDNA ends showed, for the first time, that BmpreBG has a 160-bp 5′-untranslated region. These findings suggested that B. mori β-glucosidase precursor was involved in the death process of l- 4 i mutant larvae.
The Supraorbital Keyhole Approach
Authors: Tatarli Necati , Ceylan Davut , Şeker Aşkin , Solmaz Bilgehan , Çavdar Safiye , Kiliç Türker 
Published: June 2015

Aim:
The major aim of the present anatomical study was to demonstrate the anatomical structures that can be visualized using the supraorbital keyhole approach, both endoscopically and microscopically, from an eyebrow incision to intracranial structures. Furthermore, it defines an optimal craniotomy for surgery.

Methods:
Fine dissection was performed on each side of 5 formalin-fixed adult cadavers according to the surgical procedures of the supraorbital keyhole approach, and each step was documented both endoscopically and microscopically. Furthermore, the distance between the superior temporal line and the supraorbital notch/foramen was measured from the 10 total sides of the 5 cadavers and from the 118 sides of the 59 autopsies.

Results:
Tumors and aneurysms of the anterior cranial fossa can be visualized during the supraorbital keyhole approach. The average distance between the superior temporal line and the supraorbital notch/foramen was measured. The distance obtained from the autopsies on the 25 females was 31.56 ± 4.03 mm on the right side and 31.04 ± 5.40 mm on the left side. The average distance obtained from the autopsies on the 34 males was 34.00 ± 4.59 mm on the right side and 33.59 ± 5.41 mm on the left side. There was no statistically significant difference between right and left in the female and male autopsies or between sexes.

Conclusions:
This anatomical study showed that structures in the anterior and middle cranial fossa can be reached via the supraorbital keyhole craniotomy approach with minimal brain retraction and adequate exposure and with minimal craniotomy size.
Poly-D-L-Lactic Acid Membranes for Bone Regeneration
Authors: Annunziata Marco , Nastri Livia , Borgonovo Andrea , Benigni Marco , Poli Pier Paolo 
Published: June 2015

Purpose:
To histologically and histomorphometrically evaluate the biocompatibility and the biological properties of perforated and nonperforated poly-D-L-lactic acid (PDLLA) resorbable membranes, using a model of calvarial monocortical bone defects in domestic pigs.

Methods:
A total of 6 10 × 10 × 10 mm circular calvarial bone defects were prepared in each of the 3 adult female large white domestic pigs and assigned to the following experimental groups: negative control, nonperforated membrane only, perforated membrane only, bone only, bone + nonperforated membrane, and bone + perforated membrane. The PDLLA membranes were fixed by PDLLA pins by means of an ultrasonic device. After 40 days, bone blocks containing the defects were harvested and histologically processed.

Results:
A close contact between the PDLLA devices and the surrounding bone was found, and no trace of inflammatory tissue or signs of infection were detected. Bone regeneration occurred from the preexisting bone with a centripetal pattern. Incomplete bone filling was found in empty defects, whereas all sites filled with bone showed a complete bone formation, irrespectively of the presence and the type of membrane used.

Conclusion:
PDLLA membranes and pins showed to be highly biocompatible toward bone tissue and to do not interfere with the bone healing process of monocortical calvaria defects in domestic pigs. No adjunctive effect of PDLLA membranes, irrespectively of their perforated/nonperforated structure, could be evidenced in terms of bone regeneration under the present experimental conditions. Further studies are needed to investigate the regenerative potential of such devices in other clinically relevant models.