bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cynaroside: a potential therapeutic agent targeting arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase to mitigate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Cao Wenpeng , Hu Yufeng , Yu Xingyu , Long Tingting , Sun Baofei , Lei Shan , Xie Peng , Yu Wenfeng 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionDue to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of cynaroside (Cyn), it may be useful in the treatment of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R). This study aims to evaluate the effect of Cyn on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.MethodsTransient middle cerebral artery occlusion model (tMCAO) and oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) microglia models were used to evaluate the effect of Cyn. The direct interaction between Cyn and Alox15 was investigated through bioinformatics, molecular docking and biolayer interferometry.ResultstMCAO mice treated with Cyn show improved neurological deficits, reduced infarct volume and edema, and inhibition of microglial activation. In addition, Cyn inhibited tMCAO-induced Alox15 expression. Cyn significantly reduced the overproduction of the M1 microglia-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines NLRP3, ASC, and cleaved caspase-1, as well as the overproduction of IL-1β and IL-18, induced by tMCAO or OGD/R. Cyn also inhibits the expression of Tfrc, COX2, and Acsl4 in tMCAO and OGD/R-treated mice and BV-2 cells.DiscussionThese results suggest that Cyn may attenuate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting Alox15 to reduce inflammation and reduce ferroptosis. This study reveals the underlying molecular mechanism of Cyn in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
Emerging drivers of female bladder cancer: a pathway to precision prevention and treatment
Authors: Zhang Jianbin , Jia Haixia , Han Hui 
Published: February 2025

PurposeBladder cancer is a public health concern, with smoking and occupational exposure being major risk factors. However, specific risks in women, particularly hormonal, lifestyle, and environmental factors, are underexplored. This study aimed to assess these risk factors in women, focusing on smoking, occupational exposure, recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), body mass index (BMI), menopausal status, and family history of cancer.Materials and methodsThis retrospective cohort study included 850 women diagnosed with bladder cancer (2018–2023) and age-matched controls. Data on smoking, occupational exposure, UTIs, BMI, menopausal status, and family history were collected from medical records: multivariate logistic regression and propensity score matching identified independent risk factors. Subgroup analysis explored interactions between menopausal status and other factors.ResultsSmoking (OR = 2.15, p = 0.002), occupational exposure (OR = 1.89, p = 0.007), and recurrent UTIs (OR = 1.72, p = 0.013) were significant risk factors, particularly in post-menopausal women. Menopausal status amplified the effects of smoking and UTIs but was not an independent predictor. BMI and family history showed no significant associations.ConclusionSmoking, occupational exposure, and recurrent UTIs are key risk factors for bladder cancer in women, especially post-menopausal women, highlighting the need for targeted prevention strategies.
Laparoscopic radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy vesus laparoscopic distal pancreatosplenectomy for left-sided pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jiang Xutao , Zhu Yu , Li Jianwei , Li Wei , Zheng Weizong , Xu Caiming , Zhang Guixin 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveWe aimed to compare the perioperative outcomes and postoperative complications of laparoscopic radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (L-RAMPS) versus laparoscopic distal pancreatosplenectomy (L-DPS) for left-sided pancreatic cancer through a meta-analysis.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis, conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, were performed. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase for studies published from their inception up to June 14th, 2024.ResultsA total of three retrospective studies involving 242 patients were included in this meta-analysis, with 116 patients in the L-RAMPS group and 126 in the L-DPS group. The meta-analysis results indicated that L-RAMPS was associated with the retrieval of more lymph nodes (MD: 3.06; 95% CI: 2.51 to 3.62, p &lt; 0.00001) and longer operative time (MD: 20.05; 95% CI: 13.97 to 26.12, p &lt; 0.00001) compared to L-DPS for left-sided pancreatic cancer patients. However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of R0 resection margins, the incidence of pancreatic fistula (Grade B and C), postpancreatectomy hemorrhage, or postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo Grades II and III).ConclusionsIn patients with left-sided pancreatic cancer, L-RAMPS resulted in the retrieval of more lymph nodes, a longer operative time, and a similar incidence of postoperative complications compared to L-DPS. Larger sample sizes, extended follow-up periods, and well-conducted randomized controlled trials are needed to further validate these findingsSystematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=558977, identifier CRD42024558977.
Predictive model for postoperative pneumonia in patients with esophageal cancer after esophagectomy
Authors: Chen Jing , Xiang Qian , Zheng Xiao-Jia , Jiang Xiao-yan 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundPneumonia is one of the most common complications after esophagectomy and a risk factor affecting postoperative survival of esophageal cancer. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors and construct a predictive model for postoperative pneumonia (POP) in esophageal cancer.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included esophageal cancer patients who underwent therapeutic esophagectomy from June 2019 to December 2023. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to screen predictive factors for POP, and a nomogram was constructed based on the selected predictive factors after screening. The performance of the model was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsA total of 667 esophageal cancer patients who underwent esophagectomy were included, of whom 61 (9.1%) developed postoperative pneumonia. After LASSO regression analysis, factors independently associated with POP included mechanical ventilation for more than 2 days (P=0.000) and blood transfusion (P=0.003). A nomogram was constructed based on these independent risk factors. The AUC of the predictive model for POP was 0.839 (95%CI: 0.768-0.911). The internal verification result showed a good discriminative power and the DCA results demonstrated a good predictive value.ConclusionThe predictive model constructed in this study can predict the risk of POP in patients with esophageal cancer, and may promote early intervention for high-risk patients by clinicians to reduce the incidence of POP.
The optimal time interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery for patients with an unfavorable pathological response in locally advanced rectal cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Litao , Fan Jianyong , Guo Yaqi , Shang Shipeng , Gao Han , Xu Jianfei , Gao Peng , Liu Enrui 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe focus of this study was to determine the optimal time interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and surgery in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) who had an unfavorable pathological response, as well as to investigate the correlation between long-term outcomes and the duration of this interval.MethodsThe present study retrospectively analyzed patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent nCRT followed by total mesorectal excision between (TME) January 2018 and September 2021. Patients included in this study had an unfavorable pathological response, confirmed as tumor regression grade (TRG) 2-3. X-tile analysis was subsequently conducted to determine the optimal cut-off value for the time interval between nCRT and surgery. Furthermore, Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic factors, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate long-term survival.ResultsThe study cohort comprised of 114 patients (51.35%) in the longer interval group (&gt;8 weeks), while the remaining 108 patients (48.65%) belonged to the shorter interval group (≤8 weeks). Univariable and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses revealed that a longer interval time was identified as an independent risk factor for overall survival (HR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.01-4.55, P=0.048) and disease-free survival (HR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.09-3.77, P=0.025) among these patients. Moreover, patients in the longer interval group exhibited significantly worse OS and DFS compared to those in the shorter interval group (3-year OS: 87.2% vs 68.2%, P=0.001; 3-year DFS: 80.4% vs 62.7%, P=0.003). Furthermore, similar results were observed in subgroup analyses based on different TRG scores.ConclusionsThe surveillance and monitoring should be promptly conducted following nCRT in order to promptly identify patients with an unfavorable pathological response, who would benefit from timely radical surgery within 8 weeks.
Higher Reactive Oxygen Species and cellular aging in oral mucosal cells of young smokers: a comparative analytical study
Authors: Imdad Bushra , Abbas Uzair , Kumar Pershad , Kamran Durre Sameen , Khan Mahtab , Hussain Niaz , Khalid Muhib Ullah 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundCigarette smoke contains chemical components that cause excessive production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), altering cell physiology and affecting key pathways. This leads to hyperinflammation, DNA damage, and cellular aging, which may cause oral and pulmonary pathologies. Our study aims to investigate the impact of smoking on ROS levels and cellular aging in oral mucosal cells. We compared Reactive oxygen Species and cellular aging between smokers and non-smokers. Secondarily, we also compared the results between young and old smokers.MethodsOral swabs were taken from 50 smokers and 50 nonsmokers using a cytology brush. We quantified the reactive oxygen species (ROS) by using oxidized 2'7' dichlorodihydrofluorescein-diacetate (DCFH-DA) dye. To assess cellular aging, mRNA levels of the CYR61 gene-a cellular aging marker, were compared through RT-PCR.ResultsIt was found that smokers had a higher percentage of ROS in comparison to non-smokers (p value &lt; 0.001). Additionally, there was an over-expression of the CYR61 gene in smokers as compared to non-smokers (p value = 0.001). Furthermore, when comparing ROS and cellular aging between young smokers and old smokers, it was noted that there was a significantly higher percentage of ROS and up-regulation of mRNA levels of CYR61 gene in young smokers in comparison to old smokers (p value 0.001 and &lt;0.0001 respectively).ConclusionIt has been observed that smokers have a higher amount of ROS production and cellular aging in their oral mucosal cells. In young smokers, ROS and cellular aging were found to be higher compared to older smokers. This is quite concerning and could be a major factor leading to oral pathologies in smokers.
Progress in Porcine Kidney Transplantation to Non-Human Primates
Authors: Le Bas-Bernardet Stéphanie , Blancho Gilles 
Published: February 2025

Renal xenotransplantation has recently made considerable progress in overcoming the barrier to its use in humans. This progress has been made possible owing to the use of preclinical pig-to-primate models. Overall, renal xenotransplantation has long been associated with lower survival rates than that of porcine hearts (mainly due to its life-sustaining nature). However, the use of the latest strains of genetically modified porcine donors, combined with progress in the control of the anti-porcine immune response and coagulation, has now enabled survival of up to 2 years. Although the pig-to-primate combination has long been considered a perfect reflection of the human situation, it has several limitations, particularly in terms of different natural anti-porcine antibodies. This fact, in association with survival prolongation, which is considered a prerequisite, has led some pioneering teams to cross the line of human application. However, use in humans will remain anecdotal, and further progress in renal xenotransplantation will be difficult to achieve without the use of non-human primates, which will remain complementary, particularly with regard to major innovations that have never been tested in humans.
Racial Disparities in Outpatient Substance Use Disorder Treatment Completion: Trends and Changes from 2004 to 2024
Authors: Wright Monica F. 
Published: February 2025

Racial disparities have been found in outpatient substance use disorder (SUD) treatment completion rates. Improvements in access to treatment have sought to decrease these disparities and increase treatment engagement and success. To understand outcomes among different racial groups across time, we assessed (1) completion rates, (2) racial representation among patients who have completed treatment, (3) general representation of racial groups within treatment, and (4) treatment length between 2004 and 2024. “Completion” is defined as “meeting all treatment goals”. Chi-squared analyses suggest significant differences among racial groups within the completed (x215=158.0, p=<0.001), not-completed (x215=561.75, p=<0.001), and other (x215=186.19, p=<0.001) groups across time. Asian and Other/Multiracial patients experienced the greatest improvement in both representation within treatment overall and proportional representation within the “completer” group over time, despite their overall completion rates fluctuating. White and Black/African American patients decreased in representation, completion rates, and representation in the “completer” group over time, with a peak in 2004–2009. In terms of length of stay, White patients remained in treatment the longest across time, F(5, 4198) = 24.605, p < 0.011, and treatment length increased for other racial groups. While disparities in completion rates decreased and racial representation in treatment increased, discrepancies persist. We discuss these findings within the context of evolving patient populations and changes in treatment provision (e.g., harm reduction frameworks).
Perancangan Foto Makanan Tradisional Kapurung Melalui Pendekatan Desain Afektif
Authors: Fajri Nofias , Faujiyah Firdhani , Busri Nur Khaerani 
Published: February 2025

Perkembangan Industri 4.0 membawa pengaruh signifikan masyarakat Indonesia menjadi serba online. Hal ini menyebabkan menu makanan dipilih berdasarkan gambar dan rating makanan, sehingga gambar menjadi aspek penting dalam menarik minat konsumen. Selain perubahan gaya belanja dan pola makan, ditambah tren jungdood dan emotional eating berdampak pada meningkatnya angka obesitas Indonesia 2 kali lipat. Salah satu solusi yang ditawarkan yaitu dengan meningkatkan konsumsi makanan sehat. Namun, faktanya foto makanan sehat memicu respon yang berbeda jika dibandingkan makanan tinggi lemak dan kalori. Sehingga, diperlukan desain foto makanan sehat yang memberikan efek yang sama seperti foto makanan tinggi lemak kalori. Penelitian ini berfokus pada perancangan foto makanan sehat tradisional yaitu kapurung hingga tahap perancangan foto. Kansei engineering digunakan untuk menemukan karakteristik dan kombinasi foto yang diinginkan konsumen. Kemudian eye tracking menentukan titik Area of interest pada objek foto dan kombinasi desain. Serta factor analysis untuk menentukan kata kansei terbaik mewakili foto makanan sehat tradisional dan perbandingan pasangan untuk menemukan desain yang paling disukai. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, kata kansei yang mewakili karakteristik foto makanan sehat menurut responden adalah "Kreatif", "Estetik", "Terang", "Segar" dan "Jelas". Selain itu, foto terbaik dalam menampilkan desain menurut responden untuk menampilkan foto makanan sehat tradisional adalah full styling dengan neutral preset
HUBUNGAN ERGONOMI KERJA DENGAN KELUHAN MUSKULOSKELETAL PADA PEGAWAI PT. BANK NEGARA INDONESIA (PERSERO).TBK KANTOR CABANG SINGKAWANG
Authors: Zulkarnain Edward  , Luis Yulia  , Nopri Esmiralda  , Ivanna Ivanna Dwi Putri Riyanto 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Background: Suboptimal ergonomic can trigger various health issues, including musculoskeletal disorder. Musculosceletal Disorder, characterized by pain in muscles, joints, tendons, and the skeletal system, can affect individuals in diverse work sectors, including office environments. Bank employees, such as those at PT. Bank Negara Indonesia Singkawang Branch Office, are particularly susceptible to these pains due to poor work ergonomic. Prolonged sitting or standing with improper postures can lead to various problems such as pain, aches, and stiffness in various body parts.
Methods: This study uses a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach conducted at PT. Bank Negara Indonesia Singkawang Branch. The sample used in this study was all employees working at the Singkawang City Branch and Diponegoro Sub-Branch offices. The research results were tested using the chi-square test.
Results: The results of this study showed p-value of 0.012 (p <0.05) was obtained, indicating that there is a relationship between work ergonomics and musculoskeletal complaints.
Conclusion: Based on the research results, it was found that there is a relationship between Work Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Complaints in employees of PT. Bank Negara Indonesia

Keywords: Work Ergonomic, Musculosceletal disorder, Pain
Resolving an Asteroseismic Catastrophe: Structural Diagnostics from p-mode Phase Functions off the Main Sequence
Authors: Ong 王 J. M. Joel 加冕 , Lindsay Christopher J. , Reyes Claudia , Stello Dennis , Roxburgh Ian W. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
On the main sequence, the asteroseismic small frequency separation δν
02 between radial and quadrupole p-modes is customarily interpreted to be a direct diagnostic of internal structure. Such an interpretation is based on a well-known integral estimator relating δν
02 to a radially averaged sound-speed gradient. However, this estimator fails, catastrophically, when evaluated on structural models of red giants: their small separations must therefore be interpreted differently. We derive a single expression that both reduces to the classical estimator when applied to main-sequence stellar models and reproduces the qualitative features of the small separation for stellar models of very evolved red giants. This expression indicates that the small separations of red giants scale primarily with their global seismic properties as

δ

ν

02

∝
Δ

ν

2

/

ν

max

, rather than being in any way sensitive to their internal structure. Departures from this asymptotic behavior, during the transition from the main-sequence to red giant regimes, have been recently reported in open-cluster Christensen–Dalsgaard (C-D) diagrams from K2 mission data. Investigating them in detail, we demonstrate that they occur when the convective envelope boundary passes a specific acoustic distance—roughly one-third of a wavelength at

ν

max

—from the center of the star, at which point radial modes become maximally sensitive to the position of the boundary. The shape of the corresponding features on ϵ

p
and C-D (or r
02) diagrams may be useful in constraining the nature of convective boundary mixing in the context of undershooting beneath a convective envelope.
Speech-language therapists’ views of oral feeding of infants on high-flow oxygen
Authors: Dludla Andile , Forman Tarryn B. , Lloyd Mikaela K. , Moodley Savannah O. , Pillay Sarveshvari B. , Krüger Esedra 
Published: February 2025

Background: Introduction of oral feeding for young children receiving high-flow oxygen has recently gained interest. With limited literature, there are varied opinions regarding the safety of oral feeding in this population.Aim: This study describes speech-language therapists’ (SLTs) views on oral feeding for infants receiving high-flow oxygen.Setting: A South African online survey study.Methods: A descriptive quantitative survey was distributed electronically via social networking sites. Purposive and snowball sampling were used to recruit expert SLTs. Twenty-one South African SLTs working with paediatric swallowing and feeding, from nine provinces responded. Data were analysed descriptively.Results: Of 21 responses, only nine were fully complete, indicative of how few South African SLTs work with infants on high-flow oxygen. Current oral feeding practices varied with differences between nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC). Strategies for oral feeding included volume and time limitations, monitoring physiological stability and assessing for aspiration. Thin liquids were most commonly used. Varied opinions, with no protocols or guidelines for introduction of oral feeding of young children on high-flow oxygen, are reported.Conclusion: SLTs’ practices regarding oral feeding in infants/children receiving high-flow oxygen are variable. Professionals share common approaches to determine feeding readiness and monitor tolerance. Without guidelines and standardised protocols, SLTs are left to make decisions based only on experience. A need exists for further research.Contribution: There is variability in initiation of oral feeds, highlighting the need for further data to inform uniform protocol and guideline development to enhance SLTs’ decision-making.
Developing Entrustable Professional Activities for Chemical Pathology registrars in South Africa
Authors: Punchoo Rivak , Pillay Tahir S. 
Published: February 2025

The College of Medicine South Africa (CMSA) has embarked on developing Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) for workplace-based training. There is currently limited guidance for developing EPAs in Chemical Pathology. This report explores factors that impact EPA development in Chemical Pathology, derived from health education theory and evidence, as well as relevant contextual variables impacting registrar training in South Africa. We discuss four factors to consider during the elaboration of EPAs for South African registrars in Chemical Pathology to enhance fitness for workplace-based assessment. Firstly, EPAs require the application of constructive alignment to link the national syllabus, core competencies and milestones, training methods, and formative assessment strategies during the trainee learning trajectory. Secondly, the elaboration of a complete EPA is assisted by utilising a standardised template with defined sectional headings and contents structured for laboratory medicine. Thirdly, quality assurance of draft EPAs requires validation to improve curriculum alignment, and facilitate EPA revision. Finally, a critical emergent issue for Chemical Pathology workplace-based training is the development of standardised learning opportunities for operationalising a national EPA programme.Contribution: Charting the early steps in developing EPAs for training Chemical Pathology registrars in South Africa identifies the application of the educational tenet of constructive alignment, utilising a standardised template for EPA design, validating draft EPAs and creating equitable learning opportunities for all trainees.