bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA Metalating–Intercalating Hybrid Agents for the Treatment of Chemoresistant Cancers
Authors: Suryadi Jimmy , Bierbach Ulrich 
Published: September 2012

AbstractNonclassical platinum‐based antitumor agents have shown enormous potential in the treatment of chemoresistant cancers. The design of these agents is based on the hypothesis that platinum‐containing pharmacophores that react with nuclear DNA in cancer cells radically differently than the clinical agent cisplatin will produce a unique spectrum of biological activity. One such class of molecules are platinum–acridine hybrid agents derived from the prototypical complex [PtCl(en)(ACRAMTU)](NO3)2, en=ethane‐1,2‐diamine, ACRAMTU=1‐[2‐(acridin‐9‐ylamino)ethyl]‐1,3‐dimethylthiourea (“PT–ACRAMTU”). This article summarizes milestones in the development of these agents and reviews critical key concepts that have guided their design and that of related compounds.
Novel Bisthienylethene Containing Ferrocenyl‐Substituted Naphthalimide: A Photo‐ and Redox Multi‐Addressable Molecular Switch
Authors: Zhu Weihong , Song Liwen , Yang Yuheng , Tian He 
Published: September 2012

AbstractA new photochromic bisthienylethene system (BTENAFc) is reported in which the ferrocene unit (Fc) is incorporated into a naphthalimide chromophore as the central ethene bridging unit. The incorporated Fc unit in the photochromic system of BTENAFc has several effects on optical properties, such as fluorescence‐modulation through photoinduced electron transfer (PET), a decrease in the photochromic cyclization quantum yield, and a selective two‐step oxidation process. The ability to drive ring‐opening and ring‐closing reactions with a secondary redox‐modulation provides increased functionality to the photochromic system. Based on these meaningful photo‐ and redox‐modulation properties, five unprecedented multi‐addressable states (BTENAFc, BTENAFc+, c‐BTENAFc, c‐BTENAFc+, and BTE+NAFc+) and gated photochromism are successfully obtained within the unimolecular BTE platform, thus providing deeper insight into photochromic systems as multifunctional outputs.
Weighting in the regression analysis of survey data with a cross‐national application
Authors: Skinner Chris , Mason Ben 
Published: September 2012

AbstractA class of survey weighting methods provides consistent estimation of regression coefficients under unequal probability sampling. The minimization of the variance of the estimated coefficients within this class is considered. A series of approximations leads to a simple modification of the usual design weight. One type of application where unequal probabilities of selection arise is in cross‐national comparative surveys. In this case, our argument suggests the use of a certain kind of within‐country weight. We investigate this idea in an application to data from the European Social Survey, where we fit a logistic regression model with vote in an election as the dependent variable and with various variables of political science interest included as explanatory variables. We show that the use of the modified weights leads to a considerable reduction in standard errors compared to design weighting. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 40: 697–711; 2012 © 2012 Statistical Society of Canada
CMOS weak‐inversion log‐domain glycolytic oscillator: a cytomimetic circuit example
Authors: Papadimitriou Konstantinos I. , Drakakis Emmanuel M. 
Published: September 2012

SUMMARYThis paper presents a 3 V, 1.21μW subthreshold log‐domain circuit which mimics the oscillations observed during the biochemical process of glycolysis due to the phosphofructokinase enzyme. The proposed electronic circuit is able to simulate the dynamics of the glycolytic oscillator and represent the time‐dependent concentration changes of the reactants and the products of the chemical process based on nonlinear differential equations which describe the biological system. By modifying specific circuit parameters, which correspond to certain chemical parameters, good agreement between the biochemical and electrical model results has been reached. The paper details the similarities between the equations that describe the biochemical process and the equations derived from the circuit analysis of a transistor and a source‐connected linear capacitor, a topology also known as the Bernoulli Cell. With the use of the Bernoulli Cell formalism, the chemical equations which describe the biochemical system have been transformed into their electrical equivalents. The analog circuit, which implements the whole process, has been synthesised, and simulation results including Monte Carlo analysis are provided, in order to verify the robustness of the proposed circuit and to compare its dynamics with prototype biological behaviour. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experiments and Simulations of Particle Flows in a Magnetized Dust Torus
Authors: Reichenstein T. , Wilms J. , Greiner F. , Piel A. , Melzer A. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAn overview is given of the confinement and dynamical phenomena observed in experiments and simulations of magnetized dust tori. Due to the presence of gravity, a strongly inhomogeneous velocity field is found along the circumference of the torus. The simulations show that the dust flow, which is unsheared and nearly incompressible, exhibits a distinct shell structure, which can be understood by rapid frictional cooling and strong Coulomb coupling. At lower frictional damping, the symmetry of the flow can be spontaneously broken, leading to a region of strong velocity shear and excitation of Kelvin‐Helmholtz instabilities. New experimental evidence of counterflows is found (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Plasma Sheath Structures in Complex Electrode Geometries
Authors: Schubert G. , Haass M. , Trottenberg T. , Fehske H. , Kersten H. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe behavior of microparticles trapped in the curved plasma sheath in the corner of a horizontal rf electrode and a vertical wall is investigated by experiments and simulation. Three types of walls are studied, namely a dielectric wall, a floating conductive wall, and a conductive wall at the same potential as the rf electrode. The particle's equilibrium position provides insight in the acting forces, associated potentials and field structures. Complementary particle‐in‐cell simulations elucidate the structure of the charged‐species densities and electric potential profile throughout the sheath. Thereby special emphasis is placed on how the sheath structure in the corner depends on the wall material (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mass Spectrometric Investigations of Nano‐Size Cluster Ions Produced by High Pressure Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Ganeva M. , Peter T. , Bornholdt S. , Kersten H. , Strunskus T. , Zaporojtchenko V. , Faupel F. , Hippler R. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractA comparison of quadrupole mass spectrometric (QMS) and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) characterization of silver nano‐cluster deposition produced by a nano‐cluster source consisting of a planar DC magnetron sputter source in a high pressure gas aggregation chamber is presented and discussed. Cluster sizes and size distributions detected by the two different techniques are compared and the differences are discussed. The effects of He to Ar ratio, gas flow and magnetron power on the cluster size distribution are evaluated. The influence of the target erosion and aging effects are mentioned, too (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Polyketide Skeletons from the Marine Alga‐Derived Fungus Coniothyrium cereale
Authors: Elsebai Mahmoud Fahmi , Nazir Mamona , Kehraus Stefan , Egereva Ekaterina , Ioset Karine Ndjoko , Marcourt Laurence , Jeannerat Damien , Gütschow Michael , Wolfender Jean‐Luc , König Gabriele M. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe fungus Coniothyrium cereale was isolated from the Baltic Sea alga Enteromorpha sp. Upon cultivation in saline medium, C. cereale produced the structurally unprecedented isoindole pseudoalkaloid conioimide (1) and the polyketide cereoanhydride (2). Because of the very limited amount of compounds isolated, the structures of 1 and 2 were established from extensive NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analyses, and in the case of 1, the structural analysis was completed by NMR shielding calculations. Conioimide and cereoanhydride represent new structural types of polyketides. Experiments with 13C‐labeled acetate proved the polyketide nature of the major and known C. cereale metabolite (–)‐trypethelone (3), which is proposed to be the precursor of cereoanhydride. Conioimide has prominent and selective inhibitory activity towards the protease human leukocyte elastase (HLE), an enzyme involved in many inflammatory diseases, with an IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) value of 0.2 μg mL–1.
Glass Wool Catalysed Regioselective Isomerization of Styrene Oxides
Authors: Ramaswamy Govindarajan K. , Somasundaram Angalan , Kuppuswamy Balasubramanian K. , Velayudham Murugesan 
Published: September 2012

AbstractGlass wool is widely used as an insulating material. Here we report for the first time, the function of glass wool as a mild heterogeneous catalyst under vapor phase conditions — particularly for the rearrangement of styrene oxides including halogen‐substituted styrene oxides to the corresponding phenyl acetaldehydes. Using this methodology, 4‐isobutyl‐α‐methyl styrene oxide is smoothly converted to 4‐isobutyl‐α‐methyl phenyl acetaldehyde which is the precursor of the API “Ibuprofen” — an important pharmaceutical agent.
Development and Characterization of Gas Diffusion Layer Fabricated Using Carbon Slurry with Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate for Proton Exchange Member Fuel Cells
Authors: Villacorta R. , Kannan A. M. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe microporous layer of the gas diffusion layers (GDLs) was fabricated with the carbon slurry dispersed in water containing ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS) using the wire rod coating method and evaluated the effects on PEMFC performance. GDLs were also fabricated with the carbon slurry dispersed in water containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with isopropyl alcohol (IPA) based for fuel cell performance comparison. Membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) with GDLs fabricated using MWCNTs and SDS exhibit the highest performance at 60 and 70% RH with a peak power density of 1100 and 850 mW.cm−2 using oxygen and air as an oxidant, respectively. This means that the gas diffusion characteristics of these two samples were optimum at 60 and 70% RH with extremely high limiting current density values. It was also found that the composition of the carbon slurry, specifically ALS concentration has the highest peak power density of 1300 and 500 mW.cm−2 for both H2/O2 and H2/Air at 100% RH, respectively. However, SDS and MWCNTs based GDLs exhibited the lowest peak power density values using air as well as with oxygen as an oxidants at 100% RH.
Influence of white matter fiber orientation on R2* revealed by MRI segmentation
Authors: de Pasquale Francesco , Cherubini Andrea , Péran Patrice , Caltagirone Carlo , Sabatini Umberto 
Published: September 2012

AbstractPurpose:To investigate white matter heterogeneity using a multichannel segmentation of a large sample of structural and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data.Materials and Methods:A sample of 50 subjects was segmented using channels comprising exclusively structural (longitudinal and transverse relaxation times T1 and T2 and transverse relaxation rate R2*) and diffusion‐based MRI indices (mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy). These data were analyzed using a data driven approach in which no prior information was used.Results:The analysis revealed the splitting of white matter into two subclasses in which the longitudinal fasciculi were distinguished from inferior/superior ones. The distribution of the adopted indices in the obtained clusters showed that R2* was mainly responsible for this splitting.Conclusion:This result supports the observation, previously hypothesized in the literature, that R2* is influenced by the fiber orientation. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;37:85–91. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A multi‐site statistical downscaling model for daily precipitation using global scale GCM precipitation outputs
Authors: Jeong D. I. , St‐Hilaire A. , Ouarda T. B. M. J. , Gachon P. 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTThis study proposes a multi‐site statistical downscaling model (MSDM), which can downscale daily precipitation series at multiple sites in a regional study area by utilizing Global Climate Models' (GCMs) precipitation outputs directly. The at‐site precipitation occurrences and amount characteristics are reproduced by first‐order Markov chain and probability mapping approaches, respectively. The spatial coherence of precipitation series among multiple sites is reproduced by adding correlated random noise series to GCM precipitation outputs. The model is applied for two regional study areas in southern Québec (Canada). The MSDM results are compared to those of the local intensity scaling (LOCI) model, which is a single site downscaling model that uses GCM precipitation outputs. Both models reproduce probabilities of precipitation occurrence and mean wet‐day precipitation amounts. However, the MSDM reproduces the observed precipitation occurrence Lag‐1 autocorrelation, the standard deviation of the wet‐day precipitation amounts, maximum 3‐d precipitation total (R3days), and 90th percentile of the rain day amount (PREC90) better than the LOCI model. The MSDM also accurately reproduces cross‐site correlations of precipitation occurrence and amount among multiple observation series.
Design and Optimization of 3D Wagon Wheel Grain for Dual Thrust Solid Rocket Motors
Authors: Raza Muhammad Aamir , Liang Wang 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe combination of various design and performance parameters in dual thrust solid rocket motors coupled with constraints may lead to a multitude of configurations. It is difficult to initially determine a suitable design without optimization. In this article, a methodology for the design of a 3D wagon wheel that provides two levels of thrust, namely boost phase thrust and sustain phase thrust, is investigated. The proposed framework consists of an integrated approach of grain design, computer aided design and hybrid optimization. A hybrid genetic algorithm and simulated annealing are used for optimization due to their robustness and capability to find global optimal solution. Several benchmark test functions are used to validate the performance of the optimization algorithm and solution. Maximization of the average thrust ratio and the total impulse are the objective functions under the given constraints.
Terawatt laser system irradiation of carbon/tungsten bilayers
Authors: Lungu C. P. , Marcu A. , Porosnicu C. , Jepu I. , Lungu A. M. , Chiru P. , Luculescu C. , Banici R. , Ursescu D. , Dabu R. , Feraru I. D. , Grigorescu C. E. A. , Iacobescu G. , Osiac M. , Kovač J. , Nemanič V. , Hinkov I. , Farhat S. , Gicquel A. , Brinza O. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractUsing the original thermionic vacuum arc method (TVA), carbon films with the thickness of about 2500 nm were coated on top of 200 nm tungsten films deposited on fine grain graphite substrates. The carbon/tungsten bilayers were irradiated using a terawatt laser system (TEWALAS), 360 ps and 100 fs pulse duration, 110–150 mJ pulse energy. The analysis of the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern allowed the identification of rhomboedral structures corresponding to diamond. The Raman scattering measurements were also performed on the produced craters and the specific peak at 1330 cm−1 corresponding to diamond was observed. The CC sp3 bonding content increased to 39.4% in the irradiated region compared to 30.8% in the “as deposited” zone, as shown by XPS. The craters produced by the laser irradiation were morphologically studied using optical imaging and scanning electron microscopy.
Fast and scalable memory characteristics of Ge‐doped SbTe phase change materials
Authors: Cheong Byung‐ki , Lee Suyoun , Jeong Jeung‐hyun , Park Sohee , Han Seungwu , Wu Zhe , Ahn Dong‐Ho 
Published: September 2012

AbstractPhase change memory (PCM) has opportunities of various applications on the premise of its high performance operations, which are still to develop with innovations such as change of a memory material. In respects of high‐speed and high‐scalability memory characteristics, δ‐phase Ge‐doped SbTe (GeST) materials stand as highly promising candidates. An overview of the material and device characteristics of these materials is presented primarily based on our recent experimental and computational studies and with a particular regard to their Sb‐to‐Te ratio (STR) dependence.TEM images of the δ‐phase GeST microstructures of varying STR and a highly scaled PCM cell with a δ‐phase GeST of high STR. magnified image
Comment to “Effect of an electric field and nonlinear optical rectification of confined excitons in quantum dots” [W. Xie, Phys. Status Solidi B 246, 2257 (2009)]
Authors: Flórez Jefferson , Camacho Ángela , Ramírez Hanz Y. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIn this comment, we review the work by Xie [Phys. Status Solidi B 246, 2257 (2009)] on electric field effects and nonlinear optical properties of excitons confined in spherical quantum dots. We find an inconsistency in the calculation of the dipole moments, which lead to vanishing nonlinear optical results. For the same set of parameters studied by Xie, we obtain new and reliable optical rectification coefficients via a finite element approach.
Using data mining to enable integration of wind resources on the power grid
Authors: Kamath Chandrika , Fan Ya Ju 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAs renewable resources, such as wind, start providing an increasingly larger percentage of our energy needs, we need to improve our understanding of these resources, so we can manage them better. The intermittent nature of the power generation makes it challenging for control room operators to schedule wind energy while balancing the load on the grid. Forecasts of the energy to be generated by a wind farm in the hours ahead tend to be inaccurate, even under normal conditions. The problem is exacerbated during ramp events, where the generation changes by a large amount in a small time. In this paper, we analyze historical data to determine ways in which data mining techniques can enable the integration of wind energy into the grid. Our results indicate that we can use feature selection methods to identify important weather variables associated with ramp events and inaccurate forecasts, thus reducing the number of data streams an operator must monitor. In addition, we can use ensembles of decision trees to predict days likely to have ramp events or inaccurate forecasts, thus providing grid operators additional information they can use to make well‐informed decisions on scheduling wind energy. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Statistical Analysis and Data Mining, 2012
Uncovering the hidden costs of offshoring: The interplay of complexity, organizational design, and experience
Authors: Larsen Marcus M. , Manning Stephan , Pedersen Torben 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis study investigates estimation errors due to hidden costs—the costs of implementation that are neglected in strategic decision‐making processes—in the context of services offshoring. Based on data from the Offshoring Research Network, we find that decision makers are more likely to make cost‐estimation errors given increasing configuration and task complexity in captive offshoring and offshore outsourcing, respectively. Moreover, we show that experience and a strong orientation toward organizational design in the offshoring strategy reduce the cost‐estimation errors that follow from complexity. Our findings contribute to research on the effectiveness of sourcing and global strategies by stressing the importance of organizational design and experience in dealing with increasing complexity. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Implication of gluconate kinase activity in l-ornithine biosynthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum
Authors: Hwang Gui-Hye , Cho Jae-Yong 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
With the purpose of generating a microbial strain for l-ornithine production in Corynebacterium glutamicum, genes involved in the central carbon metabolism were inactivated so as to modulate the intracellular level of NADPH, and to evaluate their effects on l-ornithine production in C. glutamicum. Upon inactivation of the 6-phosphoglucoisomerase gene (pgi) in a C. glutamicum strain, the concomitant increase in intracellular NADPH concentrations from 2.55 to 5.75 mmol g−1 (dry cell weight) was accompanied by reduced growth rate and l-ornithine production, suggesting that l-ornithine production is not solely limited by NADPH availability. In contrast, inactivation of the gluconate kinase gene (gntK) led to a 51.8 % increase in intracellular NADPH concentration, which resulted in a 49.9 % increase in l-ornithine production. These results indicate that excess NADPH is not necessarily rate-limiting, but is required for increased l-ornithine production in C. glutamicum.
A Novel Tetrahydrofuranyl Fatty Acid from a New Microbial Isolate, Pestalotia sp. YIM 69032 Cultivated in Extract of Potato
Authors: Yang Xueqiong , Yang Yabin , Zhao Lixing , Zhou Hao , Xu Lihua , Ding Zhongtao 
Published: September 2012

AbstractA novel tetrahydrofuranyl fatty acid (THFA) and a rare natural (R)‐configuration phenylethanediol were isolated from potato extract media in which Pestalotia sp. YIM 69032 had been cultivated. On the basis of spectral data including of HRMS, NMR and 2D NMR, their structures were determined as (3R,5S,6R,7S,8Z)‐8‐en‐5,7‐dihydroxy‐3,6‐epoxy‐tetradecanoic acid (1) and (R)‐1‐(3‐ethylphenyl)‐1, 2‐ethanediol (2). Thus, a new microbial isolate, Pestalotia sp. was found to produce THFA. The possible pathway from tetradecanoic acid (4) to THFA (1) in the extract of potato by Pestalotia sp. was proposed. Structures 1 and 2 showed no cytotoxicity against HL‐60, SMMC‐7721, A‐549, MCF‐7, SW480 cell lines.
Assessment of the relationship between joint laxity and migration of the hip in children with down syndrome
Authors: Eshuis R. , Boonzaaijer M. , van Wieringen H. , Pruijs J. E. H. , Sakkers R. J. B. 
Published: September 2012

Purpose The aim of this cross-sectional cohort study is to describe the incidence of joint laxity and the correlation between joint laxity and radiological migration of the hip in children with Down syndrome. Methods Sixty-five children (2–19 years) with Down's syndrome were examined for joint laxity. For each subject, laxity scores for joints were carried out with the Bulbena method. Plane pelvic radiographs were used to determine the migration of the hip, according to Reimer's migration index. Results In this study, 26 out of 65 children with Down's syndrome (40 %) were diagnosed with general joint laxity. On the radiographs of the hips we found a mean Reimer's Migration Index of 5.2 % for all the subjects. Children with general joint laxity showed a lower Reimer's Migration Index (2.1 %). No significant correlation was found between general joint laxity and migration of the hip. Conclusions This study showed no relationship between joint laxity and migration of the hip in children with Down's syndrome. This implicates that we were not able to prove that joint laxity is the major factor in developing hip migration in children with Down's syndrome.