bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alterations of the bone dimension following immediate implant placement into extraction socket: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lee Chun‐Teh , Chiu Tzu‐Shan , Chuang Sung‐Kiang , Tarnow Dennis , Stoupel Janet 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimThis systematic review was aimed at analysing bone dimensional alterations within the first year following immediate implant placement.Materials and MethodsThe electronic search was conducted using MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and EMBASE from January 1980 to October 2013. Quality assessment of selected articles was performed using Cochrane Collaboration's tool or Newcastle‐Ottawa scale according to the design of each study. A meta‐analysis was performed to estimate bone dimensional reduction. Weighted mean differences in bone dimension between baseline and follow‐up measurement were calculated. Subgroup analysis and mete‐regression were conducted to evaluate the effects of different variables.ResultsA total of 1348 articles were identified following the search process. Six studies were included in the present review. The weighted mean buccal horizontal bone dimensional reduction (BHDr) was 1.07 mm and buccal vertical bone dimensional reduction (BVDr) was 0.78 mm. The weighted mean palatal bone dimensional reduction was 0.62 mm horizontally (PHDr) and 0.50 mm vertically (PVDr). The initial thickness of the buccal alveolar plate (TB) of the socket was the only variable significantly correlated with BHDr and BVDr in meta‐regression analysis.ConclusionsThe bone dimensions of immediate implant sites demonstrated approximately 0.5–1.0 mm reduction in vertical and horizontal aspects 4–12 months following surgery. The results should be interpreted with care because of the data heterogeneity. The correlation of the socket buccal wall thickness, and other variables, with dimensional changes of the bony ridge should be investigated further in controlled clinical trials.
Comparing clinical attachment level and pocket depth for predicting periodontal disease progression in healthy sites of patients with chronic periodontitis using multi‐state Markov models
Authors: Mdala Ibrahimu , Olsen Ingar , Haffajee Anne D. , Socransky Sigmund S. , Thoresen Magne , de Blasio Birgitte Freiesleben 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimTo understand degeneration of healthy sites and identify factors associated with disease progression in patients with chronic periodontitis.Material and MethodsData on healthy sites from 163 American and Swedish subjects were analysed using two‐three‐state (health, gingivitis, chronic periodontitis) Markov models based on bleeding on probing (BOP), and either clinical attachment level (CAL) + BOP or pocket depth (PD) + BOP.ResultsIn 2 years, 10% (CAL + BOP) and 3% (PD + BOP) of healthy sites developed chronic periodontitis. On average, healthy sites remained healthy for 32 months before transiting in both models. Most transitions (87–97%) from health were to the gingivitis state. The expected duration of the gingivitis lesion was 4–5 months and sites recovered with a high probability (96–98%). Disease severity as measured by number of sites with CAL/PD > 4 mm at baseline and smoking, were associated with fast progression from health to chronic periodontitis within 6 months as were gingival redness in the PD + BOP model only. With age, the rate of disease progression to gingivitis decreased.ConclusionTransition probabilities for gingivitis and chronic periodontitis were higher with CAL + BOP than with PD + BOP. Smoking and disease severity were significant predictors for fast progression.
Optical coherence tomography as a tool for characterization of complex biological surfaces
Authors: LIM C.‐S. , PARRA‐VELANDIA F. J. , CHEN N. , ZHANG P. , L.‐M. TEO S. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryThe advent of scanning electron microscopy has facilitated our understanding of the biology in relation to surface microstructure of many invertebrates. In recent years, interest in biomimetics and bio‐inspired materials has further propelled the search for novel microstructures from natural surfaces. As this search widens in diversity to nurture deeper understanding of form and function, the need often arises to examine rare specimens. Unfortunately, most methods for characterization of the microtopography of natural surfaces are sacrificial, and as such, place limiting constraints on research progress in situations where only a few rare specimens are known, such as the rich resources lodged in natural history museum collections. In this paper, we introduce the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a noninvasive tool for bioimaging surface microtopography of crab shells. The technique enables the capture of microstructures down to micron level using low coherence near‐infrared light source. OCT has allowed surface microtopography imaging on crab shells to be carried out rapidly and in a nondestructive manner, compared to the scanning electron microscope technique. The microtopography of four preserved crab specimens from Acanthodromia margarita, Ranina ranina, Conchoecetes intermedius and Dromia dormia imaged using OCT were similar to images obtained from scanning electron microscope, showing that OCT imaging retains the overall morphological form during the scanning process. By comparing the physical lengths of the spinal structures from images obtained from OCT and scanning electron microscope, the results showed that dimensional integrity of the images captured from OCT was also maintained.
A prospective three‐step intervention study to prevent medication errors in drug handling in paediatric care
Authors: Niemann Dorothee , Bertsche Astrid , Meyrath David , Koepf Ellen D , Traiser Carolin , Seebald Katja , Schmitt Claus P , Hoffmann Georg F , Haefeli Walter E , Bertsche Thilo 
Published: June 2014

Aims and objectivesTo prevent medication errors in drug handling in a paediatric ward.BackgroundOne in five preventable adverse drug events in hospitalised children is caused by medication errors. Errors in drug prescription have been studied frequently, but data regarding drug handling, including drug preparation and administration, are scarce.DesignA three‐step intervention study including monitoring procedure was used to detect and prevent medication errors in drug handling.MethodsAfter approval by the ethics committee, pharmacists monitored drug handling by nurses on an 18‐bed paediatric ward in a university hospital prior to and following each intervention step. They also conducted a questionnaire survey aimed at identifying knowledge deficits. Each intervention step targeted different causes of errors. The handout mainly addressed knowledge deficits, the training course addressed errors caused by rule violations and slips, and the reference book addressed knowledge‐, memory‐ and rule‐based errors.ResultsThe number of patients who were subjected to at least one medication error in drug handling decreased from 38/43 (88%) to 25/51 (49%) following the third intervention, and the overall frequency of errors decreased from 527 errors in 581 processes (91%) to 116/441 (26%). The issue of the handout reduced medication errors caused by knowledge deficits regarding, for instance, the correct ‘volume of solvent for IV drugs’ from 49–25%.ConclusionPaediatric drug handling is prone to errors. A three‐step intervention effectively decreased the high frequency of medication errors by addressing the diversity of their causes.Relevance to clinical practiceWorldwide, nurses are in charge of drug handling, which constitutes an error‐prone but often‐neglected step in drug therapy. Detection and prevention of errors in daily routine is necessary for a safe and effective drug therapy. Our three‐step intervention reduced errors and is suitable to be tested in other wards and settings.
Preoperative education interventions to reduce anxiety and improve recovery among cardiac surgery patients: a review of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Guo Ping 
Published: June 2014

Aims and objectivesTo update evidence of the effectiveness of preoperative education among cardiac surgery patients.BackgroundPatients awaiting cardiac surgery may experience high levels of anxiety and depression, which can adversely affect their existing disease and surgery and result in prolonged recovery. There is evidence that preoperative education interventions can lead to improved patient experiences and positive postoperative outcomes among a mix of general surgical patients. However, a previous review suggested limited evidence to support the positive impact of preoperative education on patients' recovery from cardiac surgery.DesignComprehensive review of the literature.MethodsThe Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched for English‐language articles published between 2000–2011. Original articles were included reporting randomised controlled trials of cardiac preoperative education interventions.ResultsSix trials were identified and have produced conflicting findings. Some trials have demonstrated the effects of preoperative education on improving physical and psychosocial recovery of cardiac patients, while others found no evidence that patients' anxiety is reduced or of any effect on pain or hospital stay.ConclusionEvidence of the effectiveness of preoperative education interventions among cardiac surgery patients remains inconclusive. Further research is needed to evaluate cardiac preoperative education interventions for sustained effect and in non‐Western countries.Relevance to clinical practiceA nurse‐coordinated multidisciplinary preoperative education approach may offer a way forward to provide a more effective and efficient service. Staff training in developing and delivering such interventions is a priority.
Mid‐trimester maternal serum and amniotic fluid biomarkers for the prediction of preterm delivery and intrauterine growth retardation
Authors: Ozgu‐Erdinc A. Seval , Cavkaytar Sabri , Aktulay Ayla , Buyukkagnici Umran , Erkaya Salim , Danisman Nuri 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimOur purpose was to evaluate the predictive value of maternal serum and amniotic fluid biomarkers that were obtained at the time of genetic amniocentesis for preterm delivery and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR).MethodsA prospective cohort analysis was conducted in 107 singleton pregnancies that underwent amniocentesis at 16–22 weeks according to standard genetic indications. Maternal blood and amniotic fluid obtained from genetic amniocentesis were tested for glucose, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ceruloplasmin, ferritin, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6). Ninety‐four pregnancies were followed until delivery.ResultsOf the 94 patients, 16 (18.1%) delivered before 37 weeks and seven (7.5%) delivered a baby below the 10th percentile for gestational age. Amniotic fluid glucose levels were significantly lower in patients with preterm delivery than term deliveries (P = 0.01). Median amniotic fluid ferritin and IL‐6 levels and mean amniotic fluid ALP levels were higher in the preterm group but this difference did not reach statistical significance. Mean maternal ALP and LDH levels tended to be insignificantly higher. Only median maternal blood ferritin levels in the IUGR group were found to be higher than patients who were appropriate for gestational age (P = 0.03).ConclusionLow amniotic fluid glucose levels are associated with risk of preterm delivery, whereas high maternal blood ferritin levels increase the risk for IUGR. Although this result is significant and notable, there is not enough clinical evidence to recommend their use as a screening test for preterm delivery and IUGR in routine practice.
Benefits of the antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activity of etoricoxib in the prevention of ovarian ischemia/reperfusion injury induced experimentally in rats
Authors: Yapca Omer Erkan , Turan Mehmet Ibrahim , Yilmaz Ismayil , Salman Suleyman , Gulapoglu Mine , Suleyman Halis 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimThis study is a biochemical investigation of the effect of etoricoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2 inhibitor, on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury experimentally induced in rat ovaries.MethodsExperimental animals were divided into four groups: (i) ovarian ischemia/reperfusion (IRG); (ii) 30 mg/kg etoricoxib + ovarian ischemia/reperfusion (EIRG‐30); (iii) 60 mg/kg etoricoxib + ovarian ischemia/reperfusion (EIRG‐60); and (iv) a sham operation (SG) control group.ResultsThe results showed levels of malondialdehyde in the IRG, EIRG‐30, EIRG‐60 and SG group ovarian tissue of 20.2 ± 3.4, 11.2 ± 3.2, 5.5 ± 1.9 and 3.8 ± 1.5 μmol/g protein, respectively. Myeloperoxidase activity for these groups was 24.2 ± 6.7, 13 ± 2.4, 4 ± 1.8 and 3.5 ± 1.9 U/g protein, and total glutathione levels were 1.6 ± 0.8, 4.5 ± 1.9, 6.5 ± 1.9 and 7.5 ± 2.4 nmol/g protein, respectively. COX‐1 activity in IRG, EIRG‐30, EIRG‐60 and SG group rat ovarian tissue was 5.0 ± 2.8, 12.2 ± 2.4, 16.7 ± 2.8 and 17.5 ± 4.7 U/mg protein, and COX‐2 activity was 18.3 ± 2.7, 3.5 ± 1, 1.8 ± 0.7 and 0.7 ± 0.3 U/mg protein, respectively.ConclusionEtoricoxib prevented oxidative damage induced with I/R in rat ovarian tissue. This property of etoricoxib suggests that it can be clinically beneficial in the prevention of damage that may arise with reperfusion by detorsion for the protection of the ovaries against torsion.
Long and fluctuating bone fragments in uterine isthmus: A curious feature of true osseous metaplasia
Authors: Perino Antonino , Calagna Gloria , Fiorella Gargano , Vitrano Giuseppe , Carlo Rimi , Marci Roberto , Cucinella Gaspare 
Published: June 2014

AbstractOsseous metaplasia in the uterine cavity is a rare phenomenon arising from an unusual transformation of non‐osseous connective tissue into mature bone. It is unclear how this alteration occurs and it has no single clinical manifestation. We report a case of asymptomatic endometrial osseous metaplasia of the isthmus with a singular picture: numerous long, floating bone‐like structures in the cavity. The lesion was treated by operative hysteroscopy. Histological findings described a rare picture of true osseous metaplasia with the extraordinary presence of cells referable to areas of hematopoietic tissue in the cavities of trabecular bone. Physicians should be more informed and alert regarding this rare disorder in all its strange shapes and localizations, so as to be able to follow suitable therapy.
New myomectomy technique for diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis
Authors: Nishida Masato , Ichikawa Ryota , Arai Yuko , Sakanaka Miyako , Otsubo Yasuo 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of a new myomectomy technique for diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis.Material and MethodsTo enucleate multiple myomas, we developed a novel myomectomy technique involving longitudinal dissection of the uterus in the midline. On each side of the anterior and posterior walls, the uterine wall was further divided into two pieces from the incision site. Myomas were separated into serosal and mucosal sides, and then enucleated for removal from the thinned myometrium.ResultsThis procedure was applied for seven patients with diffuse leiomyomatosis. The mean number of myomas enucleated from each patient was 117 (range, 74–226). Mean total weight of enucleated myomas was 147.6 g (range, 59–360 g). Mean operative time was 284 min (range, 212–407 min). Mean blood loss was 1614 g (range, 428–4421 g), with three patients requiring blood transfusion. Anemia due to menorrhagia improved in all women. Three patients became pregnant, with two undergoing cesarean section after a normal course of pregnancy and giving birth to healthy babies. The third pregnancy ended in miscarriage. We noticed intraoperatively that myoma nodules were connected to each other in every case.ConclusionsThis procedure should be considered as a therapeutic option in women suffering from symptoms of diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis who wish to avoid hysterectomy.
Behçet's disease and pregnancy: A retrospective analysis of course of disease and pregnancy outcome
Authors: Iskender Cantekin , Yasar Ozlem , Kaymak Oktay , Yaman Selen Taflan , Uygur Dilek , Danisman Nuri 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimBehçet's disease (BD) is a rare, chronic, multisystemic disease of unknown cause. BD is characterized by mucocutaneous, ocular, vascular and central nervous system manifestations and is also associated with thrombogenicity. In this retrospective analysis we investigated the relation between gestation and BD.Material and MethodsThis retrospective study consisted of 49 pregnancies in 24 patients with BD between January 2008 and June 2013. The following clinical and demographic data were obtained: maternal age, obstetric history, pregnancy outcome, and maternal and neonatal complications during pregnancy following diagnosis of BD. To avoid recall bias, the following data were collected only in the recent pregnancy of each patient: disease activity and use of medications during pregnancy.ResultsSixty‐three pregnancies occurred in this group and 52 of them were after the diagnosis. Mean age of the patients at diagnosis was 21.4 years. The duration of BD during pregnancy was 7.2 years. Fourteen patients (58.3%) had no symptoms during recent pregnancy. No change was observed in the disease activity during pregnancy in eight patients. Disease activity was aggravated in two patients. The rate of vascular complications was higher in pregnancies of patients with BD. The rates of stillbirth, pre‐eclampsia, preterm delivery and intrauterine growth restriction did not differ between the groups. Perinatal mortality and neonatal intensive care unit admissions as well as low birthweight infants were also similar between groups.ConclusionPatients with BD had a higher rate of vascular complications during pregnancy; however, other obstetric complications were not increased and neonatal outcomes were not negatively influenced by BD.
Sonohysterography is a useful diagnostic approach for uterine arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Mishina Miyuki , Hasegawa Junichi , Nakamura Masamitsu , Ichizuka Kiyotake , Sekizawa Akihiko , Okai Takashi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractUterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare cause of abnormal uterine bleeding; nevertheless, it is a potentially life‐threatening condition when the diagnosis is not made. We report a case of uterine AVM with a secondary uterine hematoma diagnosed 2 weeks after curettage due to spontaneous abortion. Ultrasound examination revealed a mixed echogenic mass of approximately 4 cm × 1.5 cm with no blood flow and an additional contiguous heterogeneous mass with turbulent blood flow depicted by color Doppler. Transvaginal sonohysterography enabled us to exclude residual chorionic tissues and to make precise diagnosis of uterine AVM with a secondary hematoma.
Hypoxia‐induced cytosolic calcium influx is mediated primarily by the reverse mode of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger in smooth muscle cells of fetal small pulmonary arteries
Authors: Sun Yanjuan , Ye Lincai , Liu Jinfen , Hong Haifa 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimConstriction of small pulmonary arteries and high resistance of pulmonary circulation are important for maintaining fetal circulation before birth. In this study, we investigated how cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in fetal lamb small pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (SPASMC) was affected by hypoxia and regulated by calcium pumps during this process.Methods(Ca2+)i in response to acute hypoxia was determined spectrofluorometrically with fluo‐3AM in cultured fetal SPASMC. Chemicals or solutions, including ryanodine, 2‐aminoethoxydiphenyl borate, Ca2+‐free solution with 20 mmol ethyleneglycoltetraacetic (EGTA), nimodipine, Na+‐free medium and KB‐R7943, were administrated at the same time point when samples were exposed to acute hypoxia.Results(Ca2+)i in fetal lamb SPASMC increased under acute hypoxia. 2‐Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate, an inhibitor of inositol triphosphate calcium store, partially attenuated the (Ca2+)i increase after 6‐min treatment. Ryanodine, an inhibitor of ryanodine‐sensitive calcium stores, had no effect on the (Ca2+)i increase. Ca2+‐free solution with EGTA completely abolished this increase. Both nimodipine, that blocks the voltage‐gated calcium channel, and KB‐R7943, that inhibits the reverse mode of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, greatly diminished the hypoxia‐induced (Ca2+)i increase. The inhibitory effect of KB‐R7943 was stronger than nimodipine, evidenced by the fact that (Ca2+)i dropped near to the baseline level in the presence of KB‐R7943 at a later time point. Low extracellular Na+ concentration enhanced the hypoxia‐induced increase of (Ca2+)i.ConclusionThese results suggest that hypoxia‐induced Ca2+ increase in fetal SPASMC results from cytosolic Ca2+ influx mediated primarily by the reverse mode of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger.
Adverse perinatal and neonatal outcomes in patients with chronic abruption–oligohydramnios sequence
Authors: Kobayashi Aya , Minami Sawako , Tanizaki Yuko , Shiro Michihisa , Yamamoto Madoka , Yagi Shigetaka , Okutani Takahiro , Kumagai Takeshi , Higuchi Ryuzo , Ino Kazuhiko 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimChronic abruption–oligohydramnios sequence (CAOS) is a clinical condition with lasting vaginal bleeding and oligohydramnios because of chronic placental abruption, which seems to cause preterm labor and neonatal chronic lung disease (CLD). This prompted us to explore the correlation between perinatal/neonatal outcomes and CAOS.MethodsPatients with suspected risk of abortion with recurrent vaginal bleeding were divided into CAOS and non‐CAOS groups, and we compared the perinatal/neonatal outcomes between these two groups. To examine the impact of chorioamnionitis (CAM) on the prognosis of CAOS, we also compared outcomes between the CAOS group and gestational‐age‐matched preterm labor due to CAM (CAM group).ResultsIn the CAOS and non‐CAOS groups, initial vaginal bleeding was seen at the first trimester. However, its duration was significantly longer in the CAOS group. Additionally, neonatal birthweight was lower, and small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) incidence was higher in the CAOS group. CLD was observed in most infants from CAOS patients. In the comparison between CAOS and CAM groups, birthweight was lower and SGA incidence was higher in the CAOS group. Moreover, CLD incidence and neonatal mortality were significantly higher, despite the lower incidence of severe CAM in the CAOS group. Finally, multivariate analysis demonstrated that duration of bleeding was a significant predictive factor for CAOS.ConclusionsOur observations demonstrated that patients with CAOS were a high‐risk group for poor perinatal/neonatal outcomes. Moreover, episodes of recurrent and prolonged uterine bleeding were predictive factors for CAOS. During the first trimester, prolonged bleeding is an important sign as one symptom of CAOS.
KNDy neuron as a gatekeeper of puberty onset
Authors: Uenoyama Yoshihisa , Tsukamura Hiroko , Maeda Kei‐ichiro 
Published: June 2014

AbstractHypothalamo–pituitary–gonadal axis has been recognized as a functional unit orchestrating reproductive performance in mammals. The mechanism governing puberty onset, however, is still one of the great mysteries of biology. The present article reviews previous studies over the last century, which gradually elucidated the brain mechanism controlling puberty onset in mammals along with the discovery of gonadotrophins and the gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone and the establishment of the concept for the hypothalamo–pituitary–gonadal axis. The discovery of kisspeptin and subsequent progress of neuroendocrinology in the last decade has resulted in much greater understanding of the way the brain governs puberty onset in mammals.