bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure of Crumbs tail in complex with the PALS1 PDZ–SH3–GK tandem reveals a highly specific assembly mechanism for the apical Crumbs complex
Authors: Li Youjun , Wei Zhiyi , Yan Yan , Wan Qingwen , Du Quansheng , Zhang Mingjie 
Published: November 2014

Significance
The Crumbs–PALS1–PATJ complex is vital for the development and maintenance of the polarity of diverse tissues. Defects in Crumbs–PALS1–PATJ complex formation are known to cause diseases such as cancer and blindness. The highly conserved cytoplasmic tail of the transmembrane protein Crumbs is responsible for the apical targeting of the Crumbs–PALS1–PATJ complex. However, the molecular basis governing the formation of the highly specific Crumbs–PALS1 complex is poorly understood. We discovered that the PDZ–SH3–GK tandem of PALS1 forms a structural supramodule interacting with the large part of the Crumbs tail with high affinity and specificity, supporting the apical–basal polarity of epithelial cells. Our work suggests that formation of the PDZ–SH3–GK supramodule is a general property of MAGUKs for recognizing specific targets.
Optic flow instructs retinotopic map formation through a spatial to temporal to spatial transformation of visual information
Authors: Hiramoto Masaki , Cline Hollis T. 
Published: November 2014

Significance
Topographic maps of the sensory world are distributed throughout the brain. Maps are important because they facilitate information transfer within and between brain regions. We know that sensory experience is required for the development and plasticity of sensory maps, but the elements of natural sensory experience that instruct map formation have not been identified. Here we show that natural optic flow produces a temporal code of retinal activity that instructs the spatial organization of retinotopic maps. Our study demonstrates that visual information is transformed from a temporal code to a spatial code in the brain. Such transformations of information codes are likely to occur throughout the brain.
Targeting the minor pocket of C5aR for the rational design of an oral allosteric inhibitor for inflammatory and neuropathic pain relief
Authors: Moriconi Alessio , Cunha Thiago M. , Souza Guilherme R. , Lopes Alexandre H. , Cunha Fernando Q. , Carneiro Victor L. , Pinto Larissa G. , Brandolini Laura , Aramini Andrea , Bizzarri Cinzia , Bianchini Gianluca , Beccari Andrea R. , Fanton Marco , Bruno Agostino , Costantino Gabriele , Bertini Riccardo , Galliera Emanuela , Locati Massimo , Ferreira Sérgio H. , Teixeira Mauro M. , Allegretti Marcello 
Published: November 2014

Significance
Persistent pain in inflammatory and neuropathic conditions is often refractory to conventional analgesic therapy, with most patients suffering with unrelieved pain and serious treatment-related side effects. There is still a tremendous need to identify novel therapeutics for pain control with innovative biological mechanisms and minimal side effects. In this paper we challenge the hypothesis that a conserved structural motif across the G protein-coupled receptor family plays a regulatory role in the negative modulation of receptor activation and use a multidisciplinary approach to the rational drug design and characterization of a novel potent allosteric inhibitor of the C5a anaphylatoxin receptor (C5aR), thus providing a new promising avenue for the improvement of pharmacotherapy of chronic pain.
The metaphysical significance of colour categorization
Authors: Chirimuuta Mazviita 
Published: November 2014

In this chapter I approach the ancient metaphysical question concerning the reality – or otherwise – of colour. Certain philosophers (Hardin 1993; Pautz 2006) have argued that the existence of colour categories, and colour spaces which instantiate similarity relationships between the categories, give reason for concluding that colour is an entirely subjective and illusory phenomenon. In this chapter I argue instead that an understanding of categorization gives us strong motivation for rejecting any simple dichotomy between real / physical properties and unreal / psychological attributes. This undermines the extreme anti-realist view and leads to a novel argument in favour of a relationist theory of colour, according to which colours are perceiver-dependent but nonetheless real properties of objects.
A regional look at HANPP: human consumption is increasing, NPP is not
Authors: Running Steven W 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Abdi et al (2014 Environ. Res. Lett.

9 094003), have adapted the concept of comparing supply and demand of annual plant production known as human appropriation of net primary production (HANPP) to a region of the Sahel with rapid population growth. They found that HANPP more than doubled over the study period of 2000–2010, from 19% to 41%, suggesting increasing vulnerability of these populations to food insecurity.
Carotid Artery Stiffness and Hemodynamic Pulsatility During Cognitive Engagement in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Investigation
Authors: Heffernan Kevin S. , Spartano Nicole L. , Augustine Jacqueline A. , Lefferts Wesley K. , Hughes William E. , Mitchell Gary F. , Jorgensen Randall S. , Gump Brooks B. 
Published: November 2014

BACKGROUND
The matching of vascular supply to neuronal metabolic demand during cognitive engagement is known as neurovascular coupling (NVC). Arterial stiffness is a prominent determinant of pulsatility in the systemic circulation and may thus indirectly impact NVC. In this pilot investigation, we explored changes in carotid artery stiffness and cerebrovascular hemodynamic pulsatiltiy during cognitive engagement in healthy adults.

METHODS
Twenty-seven adults (age 39±3 years, BMI 24±1kg/m2) underwent Doppler ultrasonography of the common carotid artery (CCA) combined with applanation tonometry to derive (i) CCA elastic modulus (Ep) and β-stiffness index; (ii) CCA flow pulsatility index (PI); (iii) CCA pulse pressure, (iv) CCA augmentation index (AIx). Cerebral PI was assessed using transcranial Doppler at the middle cerebral artery (MCA). All measures were made at rest and during an incongruent Stroop task.

RESULTS
CCA PI was reduced (1.75±0.06 to 1.57±0.06, P &lt; 0.05) while MCA PI was unchanged (0.75±0.02 to 0.75±0.02, P &gt; 0.05) during Stroop. Brachial pulse pressure increased during Stroop (43±1 to 46±1mm Hg, P &lt; 0.05) while CCA pulse pressure was unchanged (36±1 to 35±1mm Hg, P &gt; 0.05). Similarly, CCA Ep (54.5±5.5 to 53.8 ± 4.9 kPa, P &gt; 0.05) and β-stiffness index (4.4±0.4 to 4.2±0.3 aU, P &gt; 0.05) were unchanged. CCA AIx increased (1±4 to 13±4%, P &lt; 0.05).

CONCLUSION
Carotid pressure pulsatility is unaltered while carotid flow pulsatility is reduced during cognitive engagement. Carotid artery stiffness does not change suggesting that factors other than the dynamic elastic properties of the CCA buffer cerebrovascular hemodynamic pulsatility during cognitive engagement.
Characteristic signatures in the thermal emission from accreting binary black holes
Authors: Farris Brian D. , Duffell Paul , MacFadyen Andrew I. , Haiman Zoltán 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
We present the results of a calculation of the thermal spectrum from a 2D, moving mesh, high-accuracy, viscous hydrodynamical simulation of an accreting supermassive black hole (SMBHs) binary. We include viscous heating, shock heating, and radiative cooling, evolving for longer than a viscous time so that we reach a quasi-steady accretion state. In agreement with previous work, we find that gas is efficiently stripped from the inner edge of the circumbinary disc and enters the cavity along accretion streams, which feed persistent ‘minidiscs’ surrounding each black hole. We also find that emission from the shock-heated minidiscs and accretion streams prevents any deficit in high-energy emission that may be expected inside the circumbinary cavity, and instead leads to a characteristic brightening of the spectrum beginning in soft X-rays.
Are turbulent spheres suitable initial conditions for star-forming clouds?
Authors: Rey-Raposo Ramon , Dobbs Clare , Duarte-Cabral Ana 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
To date, most numerical simulations of molecular clouds, and star formation within them, assume a uniform density sphere or box with an imposed turbulent velocity field. In this work, we select molecular clouds from galactic scale simulations as initial conditions, increase their resolution, and re-simulate them using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics code gadget2. Our approach provides clouds with morphologies, internal structures and kinematics that constitute more consistent and realistic initial conditions for simulations of star formation. We perform comparisons between molecular clouds derived from a galactic simulation, and spheres of turbulent gas of similar dimensions, mass and velocity dispersion. We focus on properties of the clouds such as their density, velocity structure and star formation rate. We find that the inherited velocity structure of the galactic clouds has a significant impact on the star formation rate and evolution of the cloud. Our results indicate that, although we can follow the time evolution of star formation in any simulated cloud, capturing the entire history is difficult as we ignore any star formation that might have occurred before initialization. Overall, the turbulent spheres do not match the complexity of the galactic clouds.
Three-dimensional graphene networks: synthesis, properties and applications
Authors: Ma Yanfeng , Chen Yongsheng 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Recently, three-dimensional graphene/graphene oxide (GO) networks (3DGNs) in the form of foams, sponges and aerogels have attracted much attention. 3D structures provide graphene materials with high specific surface areas, large pore volumes, strong mechanical strengths and fast mass and electron transport, owing to the combination of the 3D porous structures and the excellent intrinsic properties of graphene. This review focuses on the latest advances in the preparation, properties and potential applications of 3D micro-/nano-architectures made of graphene/GO-based networks, with emphasis on graphene foams and sponges.
Comprehensive comparison of large-scale tissue expression datasets
Authors: Santos Alberto , Tsafou Kalliopi , Stolte Christian , Pletscher-Frankild Sune , O’Donoghue Seán I. , Jensen Lars Juhl 
Published: November 2014

AbstractFor tissues to carry out their functions, they rely on the right proteins to be present. Several high-throughput technologies have been used to map out which proteins are expressed in which tissues; however, the data have not previously been systematically compared and integrated. We present a comprehensive evaluation of tissue expression data from a variety of experimental techniques and show that these agree surprisingly well with each other and with results from literature curation and text mining. We further found that most datasets support the assumed but not demonstrated distinction between tissue-specific and ubiquitous expression. By developing comparable confidence scores for all types of evidence, we show that it is possible to improve both quality and coverage by combining the datasets. To facilitate use and visualization of our work, we have developed the TISSUES resource (http://tissues.jensenlab.org), which makes all the scored and integrated data available through a single user-friendly web interface.
CGMD: An integrated database of Cancer Genes and Markers
Authors: Jangampalli Adi Pradeep K , Konidala Kranthi K , Yellapu Nanda K , Balasubramanyam L , Matcha Bhaskar 
Published: November 2014

AbstractCancer is a dysregulation of apoptosis process a programmed cell death through which the cell number is tightly regulated. Many factors affect apoptosis including tumor genes (TGs). Moreover, several researchers identified TGs and demonstrated their functions in various types of tumors or normal samples. Surprisingly, it has also been indicated that the expression of tumor markers in the development of cancer type is also one of the important target sites for clinical applications. Therefore, integrating tumor genes and tumor markers with experimental evidences might definitely provide valuable information for further investigation of TGs and their crosstalk in cancer. To achieve this objective, we developed a database known as Cancer Gene Marker Database (CGMD) which integrates cancer genes and markers based on experimental background. The major goal of CGMD is to provide: 1) systemic treatment approaches and advancements of different cancer treatments in present scenario; 2) Pooling of different genes and markers with their molecular characterization and involvements in different pathways; 3) Free availability of CGMD atwww.cgmd.in. The database consists of 309 genes plus 206 markers and also includes sequences of a list of 40 different human cancers and moreover, all the characterized markers have detailed descriptions in appropriate manner. CGMD extraction is collective and informative by using web resources like National Cancer Institute (NCI) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), UniProtKB, KEGG and EMBOSS. CGMD provides updated literature regarding different cancer annotations and their detail molecular descriptions such as CpG islands, promoters, exons of cancer genes and their active sites, physico-chemical properties and also systematically represented the domains of characterized proteins.
Evaluation of biocorrosion on stainless steels using laboratory-reared barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite
Authors: V.R. de Messano Luciana , Y. Reznik Leila , Sathler Lucio , Coutinho Ricardo 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper was to use the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite reared in the laboratory to investigate the effects of juveniles on corrosion behaviour of three stainless steels (SS): UNS S31600, N08904 and UNS S32760.

Design/methodology/approach
– Barnacle larvae were maintained in a laboratory until they reached the cypris larval stage. A total of 100 cyprids were added to four individual containers; each SS coupon (70 × 50 × 2 mm3) was immersed into the containers. After the cyprids attached to the coupons, juveniles were reared for 21 days with the microalgae Skeletonema costatum (Greville) Cleve. Values of open circuit potential (OCP), breakdown potential (Eb) and polarisation resistance (Rp) were evaluated, along with surface examinations.

Findings
– OCP differences between barnacles and control coupons were not apparent. However, the lowest values of Eb and Rp were observed in the presence of juvenile barnacles, demonstrating the SS corrosion caused by these organisms. Crevice corrosion around the base of the barnacles was detected during visual inspections, despite the small size of the barnacles and the short duration of the experiments.

Originality/value
– The A. amphitrite assays were useful as a tool for testing corrosion behaviour of the SS under laboratory conditions. This was the first study to test the use of this common protocol in anti-fouling research as a method to study marine biocorrosion.
Corrosion protective properties of coatings doped with inhibitors
Authors: Parsa Mansoureh , Mohammad Ali Hosseini Seyed , Hassani Zahra , Jamalizadeh Effat 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper was to study the corrosion resistance of water-based sol-gel coatings containing titania nanoparticles doped with organic inhibitors for corrosion protection of AA2024 alloy.

Design/methodology/approach
– The coatings were obtained using tetraethylorthosilicate, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, titanium (IV) tetrapropoxide and poly(ethylene imine) polymer as cross-linking agents. As corrosions inhibitors, 2-mercaptobenzoxazole and salicylaldoxime were incorporated into the sol-gel for the improvement of the corrosion resistance. The corrosion protection performance of coatings was studied using the potentiodynamic scan and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. Atomic force microscopy was used to investigate surface morphology of the coatings.

Findings
– The results indicated that doping the sol-gel coatings with inhibitors leads to improvement of the corrosion protection. The comparison of doped coatings confirmed that corrosion protection performance of the sol-gel coatings doped with 2-mercaptobenzoxazole was better than for the sol-gel coatings doped with salicylaldoxime. Also the EIS results verified self-healing effects for the sol-gel coatings doped with 2-mercaptobenzoxazole.

Originality/value
– This paper indicates 2-mercaptobenzoxazole and salicylaldoxime can be added as corrosion inhibitors to sol-gel coatings to improve their corrosion protective properties for AA2024 alloy.
Influence of sulfate reducing bacteria on the cupronickel corrosion
Authors: Kecheng Liu , Xia Liu , Xiao Long , Jiaqiang Wei , Mengsha Hu , Baiqing Zhou 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of the sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) on the corrosion of cupronickel.

Design/methodology/approach
– Tests monitoring the change in free corrosion potential, linear polarization resistance and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and examination using the scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum analysis were used to investigate the corrosion behavior of cupronickel in blank medium and in media inoculated with SRB to explore the influence of the SRB on the corrosion behavior of cupronickel alloy.

Findings
– The results show that SRB can destroy the surface oxide film of cupronickel and significantly reduce the free corrosion potential and polarization resistance of the cupronickel, causing the cupronickel to corrode significantly.

Originality/value
– SRB are widely found in the water supply system and is one of the important factors inducing microbial corrosion. This paper verified that SRB promote cupronickel corrosion and explored the influence and mechanism of attack.
Effective corrosion inhibition performance of La(NO3)3 doped sol-gel coating on galvanized steel sheet
Authors: K. Guin Akshya , Bhadu M. , Sinhababu Mahua , Mundhara Ankita , Rout T.K. , Udayabhanu G. 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The aim of this work was to study the effect of La(NO

3
)

3
on the corrosion behavior of sol-gel coating prepared by hydrolysis of 3-glycidoxypropyl)methyldiethoxysilane and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. Generally, galvanized steel is subjected to a hexavalent chromium passivation treatment. Hexavalent chromium passivation is not an environment friendly product and researchers are looking for a suitable alternative for chromium passivation treatment. Some of the potential alternatives are silicate conversion coating or the use of silane-based coatings. In this context, sol-gel coating was investigated as a potential replacement for hazardous hexavalent chromium passivation treatment.

Design/methodology/approach
– The sol-gel film was deposited on galvanized steel sheet by the dip coating method. The molecular vibration and chemical properties of sol-gel solution and coated films were obtained by infrared spectroscopy. Images from a scanning electron microscope were obtained to characterize the morphology of the film. The corrosion resistance of the coated samples was evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization curves and salt spray tests.

Findings
– The results indicated that La(NO

3
)

3
-doped coatings were more resistance to corrosion than undoped coating. The coating doped with 0.5 per cent La(NO

3
)

3
offered improved corrosion protection due to the inhibitive action of the La3+ ion.

Originality/value
– This result can provide a reference for the development of chromium-free passivation for galvanized sheeting.
Exploring the determinants of born‐global firms in Chile
Authors: Cancino Christian A. , Coronado Freddy C. 
Published: November 2014

PurposeAlthough much has been studied about the characteristics of born‐global firms in developed countries, studies about developing economies are far and few between and most tend to be exploratory. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachThis paper studies how Chilean born‐global firms behave and examine five distinct factors as compared to enterprises that gradually internationalize. A logistic regression model was applied to a sample of 115 small‐ and mid‐sized enterprises (SMEs) that presented a growing and non‐occasional internationalization to study the change in the probability that a young Chilean exporter will be classified as born‐global.FindingsThe results show that a foreign capital network, an economic development agencies (EDAs) network, the cultural distance from the countries receiving the exports, the localization of the SME in the capital city, and the company's size are factors that significantly increase the probability that a young Chilean exporter will be classified as born‐global. In contrast with the high technology content of the born‐global companies that has been reported in developed countries, the technology level was not relevant in how quickly the Chilean SMEs internationalized.Originality/valueNew public policy proposals may be inferred from the results of this paper. For example, the EDAs may increase their effort in promoting internationalization, particularly in geographical regions by taking into account the characteristics of each city and its entrepreneurs. This could help diminish the positive effect of location (i.e. perverse effect of centralization) presented in this study.
Cost reallocation in social housing projects considering the desired values of end-users
Authors: de Andrade Ruiz Joyce , Denis Granja Ariovaldo , C.C.K. Kowaltowski Doris 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– Challenges in social housing projects (SHP) in Brazil are mainly related to design and construction quality and cost constraints. Value delivery to end-users must be a goal, however, jointly considered with the restrictions of such developments. In the SHP context, tight cost constraints frequently have a negative impact on delivering value to end-users. The purpose of this paper is to put forward the proposition that value enhancement can be achieved by reallocating costs to better meet the attributes most valued by end-users, without increasing initial project costs.

Design/methodology/approach
– A set of tools used in value methodology (VM) is adopted to assist a systematic process with the goal of attaining an optimal functional balance between costs and value delivery to end-users. Desired values were indicated by users in a previous study, resulting in an Index of General Significance. A single case study was carried out to test the approach in a SHP. Opportunities for improvement guided by the desired values of end-users were evaluated.

Findings
– The VM approach suggests that initial project cost constraints do not necessarily induce value loss for end-users, a recurrent problem that designers and stakeholders frequently face in such contexts. Improvements were made possible through simple cost reallocation.

Research limitations/implications
– A single case study was carried out to validate this approach. To create a generalized approach for other similar context further tests should be undertaken.

Practical implications
– The proposed VM approach was shown to be efficient in assessing decisions which designers and stakeholders must take, bearing in mind cost constraints and improvements in value delivery to end-users.

Social implications
– Currently in Brazil, end-users’ perceptions are rarely considered into the design process of SHP. The research shows that the proposed approach could be used in similar contexts of social housing to enrich the design process and attain higher satisfaction levels.

Originality/value
– An important lesson learned was that subjective parameters based on the desired values of end-users could be combined with technical and functional analysis, thus an objective improvement process was devised. The approach can have clear implications for the product development of SHPs to best match the end-user's value propositions, without neglecting financial and economic needs in such a context.