bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A widespread electrical brain network encodes anxiety in health and depressive states
Authors: Hughes Dalton N. , Klein Michael Hunter , Walder-Christensen Kathryn Katsue , Thomas Gwenaëlle E. , Grossman Yael , Waters Diana , Matthews Anna E. , Carson William E. , Filali Yassine , Tsyglakova Mariya , Fink Alexandra , Gallagher Neil M. , Perez-Balaguer Masiel , McClung Colleen A. , Zarate Jean Mary , Hultman Rainbo C. , Mague Stephen D. , Carlson David E. , Dzirasa Kafui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn rodents, anxiety is charactered by heightened vigilance during low-threat and uncertain situations. Though activity in the frontal cortex and limbic system are fundamental to supporting this internal state, the underlying network architecture that integrates activity across brain regions to encode anxiety across animals and paradigms remains unclear. Here, we utilize parallel electrical recordings in freely behaving mice, translational paradigms known to induce anxiety, and machine learning to discover a multi-region network that encodes the anxious brain-state. The network is composed of circuits widely implicated in anxiety behavior, it generalizes across many behavioral contexts that induce anxiety, and it fails to encode multiple behavioral contexts that do not. Strikingly, the activity of this network is also principally altered in two mouse models of depression. Thus, we establish a network-level process whereby the brain encodes anxiety in health and disease.
Dopamine-induced Relaxation of Connectivity Diversifies Burst Patterns in Cultured Hippocampal Networks
Authors: Hoang Huu , Matsumoto Nobuyoshi , Miyano Miyuki , Ikegaya Yuji , Cortese Aurelio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe intricate interplay of neurotransmitters orchestrates a symphony of neural activity in the hippocampus, with dopamine emerging as a key conductor in this complex ensemble. Despite numerous studies uncovering the cellular mechanisms of dopamine, its influence on hippocampal neural networks remains elusive. Combining in vitro electrophysiological recordings of rat embryonic hippocampal neurons, pharmacological interventions, and computational analyses of spike trains, we found that dopamine induces a relaxation in network connectivity, characterised by a reduction in spike coherence. This relaxation expands the repertoire of burst dynamics within these hippocampal networks, a phenomenon notably absent under the administration of dopamine antagonists. Our study provides a thorough understanding of the roles of dopamine signalling in shaping functional networks of hippocampal neurons.
Compromising tyrosine hydroxylase function establishes a delusion-like temporal profile of reinforcement by dopamine neurons inDrosophila
Authors: Amin Fatima , König Christian , Zhang Jiajun , Kalinichenko Liubov S. , Königsmann Svea , Brunsberg Vivian , Riemensperger Thomas D. , Müller Christian P. , Gerber Bertram 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFor a proper representation of the causal structure of the world, one must consider both evidence for and evidence against causality. To take punishment as an example, the causality of a stimulus is reasonable if the stimulus precedes punishment, whereas causality can be ruled out if the punishment occurred first. This is reflected in the associative principle of timing-dependent valence reversal: aversive memories are formed when a stimulus occurs before the punishment, whereas memories of appetitive valence are observed when a stimulus is presented upon its relieving termination. We map the temporal profile of punishment induced by optogenetic activation of the PPL1-01 neuron in the flyDrosophila melanogaster, and find that impairment of tyrosine hydroxylase function, either acutely by pharmacological methods or by cell-specific RNAi, i) enhances learning with a time gap between stimulus and PPL1-01 punishment (trace conditioning), ii) impairs learning when the stimulus immediately precedes PPL1-01 punishment (delay conditioning), and iii) prevents learning about a stimulus presented after PPL1-01 punishment has ceased (relief conditioning). This implies a delusion-like state in which causality is attributed to cues that do not merit it (better trace conditioning), whereas both credible evidence for and credible evidence against causality is not properly appreciated (worse delay and relief conditioning). Under conditions of low dopamine, we furthermore observe a compensatory role for serotonin that is pronounced in trace conditioning, weaker in delay conditioning, and absent in relief conditioning. We discuss a disturbed dopamine-serotonin balance as an endophenotype for the positive and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia.
Stimulus selection drives value-modulated somatosensory processing in superior colliculus
Authors: Chu Yun Wen , Chinta Suma , Keri Hayagreev V.S. , Beri Shreya , Pluta Scott R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA fundamental trait of intelligent behavior is the ability to respond selectively to stimuli with higher value. Where along the somatosensory hierarchy does information transition from a map of stimulus location to a map of stimulus value? To address this question, we recorded single-unit activity from populations of neurons in somatosensory cortex (S1) and midbrain superior colliculus (SC) in mice conditioned to respond to a positive-valued whisker stimulus and withhold responses using an adjacent, negative-valued whisker stimulus. The stimulus preference of the S1 population was equally weighted towards either whisker, in line with a somatotopic map. Surprisingly, we discovered a large population of SC neurons that were disproportionately biased towards the positive stimulus. This disproportionate bias was controlled by spike facilitation for the positive stimulus and spike suppression for the negative stimulus in single neurons. Removing the opportunity for mice to select the positive stimulus reduced stimulus bias in SC but not S1, suggesting that sensory processing in SC neurons was partially controlled by movement preparation. Similarly, the spontaneous firing rates of SC but not S1 neurons accurately predicted reaction times, suggesting that SC neurons play a persistent role in perceptual decision-making. Taken together, these data indicate that the somatotopic map in S1 is transformed into a value-based map in SC that encodes stimulus priority.
Assessing the potential of ChatGPT-4 to accurately identify drug-drug interactions and provide clinical pharmacotherapy recommendations
Authors: Most Amoreena , Chase Aaron , Sikora Andrea 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundLarge language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have emerged as promising artificial intelligence tools to support clinical decision making. The ability of ChatGPT to evaluate medication regimens, identify drug-drug interactions (DDIs), and provide clinical recommendations is unknown. The purpose of this study is to examine the performance of GPT-4 to identify clinically relevant DDIs and assess accuracy of recommendations provided.MethodsA total of 15 medication regimens were created containing commonly encountered DDIs that were considered either clinically significant or clinically unimportant. Two separate prompts were developed for medication regimen evaluation. The primary outcome was if GPT-4 identified the most relevant DDI within the medication regimen. Secondary outcomes included rating GPT-4’s interaction rationale, clinical relevance ranking, and overall clinical recommendations. Interrater reliability was determined using kappa statistic.ResultsGPT-4 identified the intended DDI in 90% of medication regimens provided (27/30). GPT-4 categorized 86% as highly clinically relevant compared to 53% being categorized as highly clinically relevant by expert opinion. Inappropriate clinical recommendations potentially causing patient harm were provided in 14% of responses provided by GPT-4 (2/14), and 63% of responses contained accurate information but incomplete recommendations (19/30).ConclusionsWhile GPT-4 demonstrated promise in its ability to identify clinically relevant DDIs, application to clinical cases remains an area of investigation. Findings from this study may assist in future development and refinement of LLMs for drug-drug interaction queries to assist in clinical decision-making.
Spatiotemporal patterns in cortical development: Age, puberty, and individual variability from 9 to 13 years of age
Authors: Bottenhorn Katherine L. , Corbett Jordan D. , Ahmadi Hedyeh , Herting Megan M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHumans and nonhuman primate studies suggest that timing and tempo of cortical development varies neuroanatomically along a sensorimotor-to-association (S-A) axis. Prior human studies have reported a principal S-A axis across various modalities, but largely rely on cross-sectional samples with wide age-ranges. Here, we investigate developmental changes and individual variability in cortical organization along the S-A axis between the ages of 9-13 years using a large, longitudinal sample (N = 2487-3747, 46-50% female) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD Study®). This work assesses multiple aspects of neurodevelopment indexed by changes in cortical thickness, cortical microarchitecture, and resting-state functional fluctuations. First, we evaluated S-A organization in age-related changes and, then, computed individual-level S-A alignment in brain changes and assessing differences therein due to age, sex, and puberty. Varying degrees of linear and quadratic age-related brain changes were identified along the S-A axis. Yet, these patterns of cortical development were overshadowed by considerable individual variability in S-A alignment. Even within individuals, there was little correspondence between S-A patterning across the different aspects of neurodevelopment investigated (i.e., cortical morphology, microarchitecture, function). Some of the individual variation in developmental patterning of cortical morphology and microarchitecture was explained by age, sex, and pubertal development. Altogether, this work contextualizes prior findings that regional age differences do progress along an S-A axis at a group level, while highlighting broad variation in developmental change between individuals and between aspects of cortical development, in part due to sex and puberty.Significance StatementUnderstanding normative patterns of adolescent brain change, and individual variability therein, is crucial for disentangling healthy and abnormal development. We used longitudinal human neuroimaging data to study several aspects of neurodevelopment during early adolescence and assessed their organization along a sensorimotor-to-association (S-A) axis across the cerebral cortex. Age differences in brain changes were linear and curvilinear along this S-A axis. However, individual-level sensorimotor-association alignment varied considerably, driven in part by differences in age, sex, and pubertal development.
Activity-dependent synthesis of Emerin gates neuronal plasticity by regulating proteostasis
Authors: Xie Yi , Wang Ruoxi , McClatchy Daniel B. , Ma Yuanhui , Diedrich Jolene , Sanchez-Alavez Manuel , Petrascheck Michael , Yates John R. , Cline Hollis T. 
Published: July 2024

SummaryNeurons dynamically regulate their proteome in response to sensory input, a key process underlying experience-dependent plasticity. We characterized the visual experience-dependent nascent proteome within a brief, defined time window after stimulation using an optimized metabolic labeling approach. Visual experience induced cell type-specific and age-dependent alterations in the nascent proteome, including proteostasis-related processes. We identified Emerin as the top activity-induced candidate plasticity protein and demonstrated that its rapid activity-induced synthesis is transcription-independent. In contrast to its nuclear localization and function in myocytes, activity-induced neuronal Emerin is abundant in the endoplasmic reticulum and broadly inhibits protein synthesis, including translation regulators and synaptic proteins. Downregulating Emerin shifted the dendritic spine population from predominantly mushroom morphology to filopodia and decreased network connectivity. In mice, decreased Emerin reduced visual response magnitude and impaired visual information processing. Our findings support an experience-dependent feed-forward role for Emerin in temporally gating neuronal plasticity by negatively regulating translation.
Allosteric modulation of protein kinase A in individuals affected by NLPD-PKA, a neurodegenerative disease in which the RIβ-L50R variant is expressed
Authors: Benjamin-Zukerman Tal , Pane Valeria , Safadi-Safa Rania , Solomon Meir , Lev-Ram Varda , Aboraya Mohammad , Dakwar Anwar , Bertinetti Daniela , Hoy Andrew , Mol Merel O , van Swieten John , Maillard Rodrigo , Herberg Friedrich W , Ilouz Ronit 
Published: July 2024

AbstractProtein kinase A (PKA) is a crucial signaling enzyme in neurons, with its dysregulation being implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. Assembly of the PKA holoenzyme, comprising a dimer of heterodimers of regulatory (R) and catalytic (C) subunits, ensures allosteric regulation and functional specificity. Recently, we defined the RIβ-L50R variant as a causative mutation that triggers protein aggregation in a rare neurodegenerative disease. However, the mechanism underlying uncontrolled PKA allosteric regulation and its connection to the functional outcomes leading to clinical symptoms remain elusive. In this study, we established anin vitromodel using patient-derived cells for a personalized approach and employed direct measurements of purified proteins to investigate disease mechanisms in a controlled environment. Structural analysis and circular dichroism spectroscopy revealed that cellular proteins aggregation resulted from misfolded RIβ-subunits, preventing holoenzyme assembly and anchoring through A Kinase Anchoring Proteins (AKAPs). While maintaining high affinity to the C subunit, the resulting RIβ-L50R:C heterodimer exhibits reduced cooperativity, requiring lower cAMP concentrations for dissociation. Consequently, there was an increased translocation of C-subunit into the nucleus, impacting gene expression. We successfully controlled C subunit translocation by introducing a mutation that decreased RIβ:C dissociation in response to elevated cAMP levels. This research thus sets the stage for developing therapeutic strategies that modulate PKA assembly and allostery, thus exerting control over the unique molecular signatures identified in the disease-associated transcriptome profile.
Supporting clients via narrative storytelling and artificial intelligence: a practitioner guide for career development professionals
Authors: Donald William E. , Straby Rob 
Published: July 2024

PurposeIn this practitioner-focused essay, we combine traditional narrative storytelling approaches with Artificial Intelligence’s (AI) innovative abilities to enable career development professionals to support individuals across their lifespan.Design/methodology/approachWe propose a three-phase career exploration approach, developed and tested in a real-world setting for career development professionals to support their clients to consider various career-related options as well as identify strengths and opportunities for personal development.FindingsIn phase one, the client recounts 7–10 positive narrative stories about engaging in activities they enjoyed. In phase two, the career development professional uses AI with tailored prompts to generate a personalised client report based on these narrative stories. In phase three, the report serves as the basis for further discussion and exploration with the client.Practical implicationsThe approach provides a practical guide for career development professionals to increase their capability to support their clients in response to technological advancement and the contemporary world of work. A training document incorporating a worked example of the approach is provided in “Supplementary Material Appendix 1”.Originality/valueOur approach acknowledges AI as a new actor and career development professionals as undervalued actors in supporting individuals to foster a sustainable career ecosystem.
Multimaterial filtering applied to the topology optimization of a permanent magnet synchronous machine
Authors: Cherrière Théodore , Hlioui Sami , Louf François , Laurent Luc 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This study aims to propose a general methodology to handle multimaterial filtering for density-based topology optimization containing periodic or antiperiodic boundary conditions, which are expected to reduce the simulation time of electrical machines. The optimization of the material distribution in a permanent magnet synchronous machine rotor illustrates the relevance of this approach.

Design/methodology/approach
The optimization algorithm relies on an augmented Lagrangian with a projected gradient descent. The 2D finite element method computes the physical and adjoint states to evaluate the objective function and its sensitivities. Concerning regularization, a mathematical development leads to a multimaterial convolution filtering methodology that is consistent with the boundary conditions and helps eliminate artifacts.

Findings
The method behaves as expected and shows the superiority of multimaterial topology optimization over bimaterial topology optimization for the chosen test case. Unlike the standard approach that uses a cropped convolution kernel, the proposed methodology does not artificially reflect the limits of the simulation domain in the optimized material distribution.

Originality/value
Although filtering is a standard tool in topology optimization, no attention has previously been paid to the influence of periodic or antiperiodic boundary conditions when dealing with different natures of materials. The comparison between the bimaterial and multimaterial topology optimization of a permanent magnet machine rotor without symmetry constraints constitutes another originality of this work.
A comparative exploration of youth participation in local sustainable development: insights from Italian metropolitan cities
Authors: Fiorani Gloria , Chiper Ribana Andreea , Di Gerio Chiara 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the extent of public participation of youth in strategic planning for local sustainable development, emphasising the establishment of a positive dialogue process between public administration and young people. Previous studies and international guidelines recognise youth as an essential group in the territorial sustainability process but also require a framework for processes and modalities for youth participation.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis was carried out according to a multiple-case study approach conducted from the secondary sources (e.g. planning documents enabling sustainable development at the local level) developed by the 14 Italian metropolitan cities to assess the state-of-the-art and establish similarities and differences concerning the engagement levels found in the literature.FindingsAlthough almost all the sample has undertaken a youth engagement process, this research demonstrates that only 6 out of 14 metropolitan cities - corresponding to 43% of the sample - have promoted highly engagement-intensive forms, underlining a total absence of a standardised and recursive approach in which the younger generation is consistently an integral part of sustainability strategies.Originality/valueThis research is innovative as it addresses practical and theoretical objectives simultaneously. The study underlines the adoption of engagement processes by metropolitan cities by considering the participatory methods implemented and providing a framework for enhancing forms of dialogue between young people and public authorities, contributing to the advancement of theoretical understanding and practical implementation.
A novel deep learning method for motion assessment in upper limb rehabilitation grasping test
Authors: Yang Lei , Zhang Fuhai , Zhu Jingbin , Fu Yili 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
The accuracy and reliability of upper limb motion assessment have received great attention in the field of rehabilitation. Grasping test is widely carried out for motion assessment, which requires patients to grasp objects and move them to target place. The traditional assessments test the upper limb motion ability by therapists, which mainly relies on experience and lacks quantitative indicators. This paper aims to propose a deep learning method based on the vision system of our upper limb rehabilitation robot to recognize the motion trajectory of rehabilitation target objects automatically and quantitatively assess the upper limb motion in the grasping test.

Design/methodology/approach
To begin with, an SRF network is designed to recognize rehabilitation target objects grasped in assessment tests. Moreover, the upper limb motion trajectory is calculated through the motion of objects’ central positions. After that, a GAE network is designed to analyze the motion trajectory which reflects the motion of upper limb. Finally, based on the upper limb rehabilitation exoskeleton platform, the upper limb motion assessment tests are carried out to show the accuracy of both object recognition of SRF network and motion assessment of GAE network. The results including object recognition, trajectory calculation and deviation assessment are given with details.

Findings
The performance of the proposed networks is validated by experiments that are developed on the upper limb rehabilitation robot. It is implemented by recognizing rehabilitation target objects, calculating the motion trajectory and grading the upper limb motion performance. It illustrates that the networks, including both object recognition and trajectory evaluation, can grade the upper limb motion functionn accurately, where the accuracy is above 95.0% in different grasping tests.

Originality/value
A novel assessment method of upper limb motion is proposed and verified. According to the experimental results, the accuracy can be remarkably enhanced, and the stability of the results can be improved, which provide more quantitative indicators for further application of upper limb motion assessment.
Empowering innovative work behaviors: unfolding the contextual, personal and behavioral spectrum
Authors: Mehboob Farhan , Haque Raheela 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the impact of empowering leadership (EL) on employee innovative work behavior (IWB), using an interactionist perspective on creativity and conservation of resources theory. Following the premise, the study unravels the mediating role of job crafting (JC) and creative self-efficacy (CSE) as a boundary condition that likely triggers and facilitates this process.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a dyadic cross-sectional design, this study focuses on academic staff at four universities in Pakistan. Participants were surveyed, and questionnaires were distributed to collect data pertaining to accomplish the study objectives.

Findings
The study results reveal that JC plays a pivotal role as an intervening factor in establishing the connection between EL and employees’ IWB. This implies that EL likely promotes employees’ JC behavior, thus contributing to a greater manifestation of innovative behaviors at work. Furthermore, this interplay is further enhanced by using CSE as a moderator.

Originality/value
This study accentuates the importance of JC in eliciting the mechanism which effectively channelizes and translates the impact of EL on IWB. It also offers the valuable and fresh perspective on the conditions favoring the innovative behaviors at work.