bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role Of Lymphodissection In Rectal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Navruzov S , Abdujapparov S , Akbarov E , Navruzov B , Islamov H 
Published: October 2013

Aim of investigation: to study immediate and remote results of standard and extended lymphodissection in patients with rectal cancer. Material and methods: 132 patients with rectal cancer were performed radical surgery with lymphodissection in D2 and D3 volume according to a height of tumor location. Results: in immediate post-operated period there were noted complications in 4 patients that made up 3,03%. Observation time was 5 years. Tumor recurrence was reported in 5 patients (3,8%). In remote period metastases were revealed in 8 patients (6,6%). 5- year total survival rate was 78,5±4,2% at stage II. 5- year total survival rate was 56,4±3,7% at stage III. Comparing the results of standard and extended lymphodissection it was noted statistically authentic increase of 5- year survival rate in patients at stage III. Conclusion: obtained data allow to come to the conclusion about reasonability of performance of different variants of lymphodissection for patients with rectal cancer at stages II and III.
Syndromes Of Intracavitary And Intraorgan Hypertension In Surgical Practice
Authors: Timerbulatov V , Timerbulatov Sh 
Published: October 2013

Background: Pathological conditions caused by intraorgan and intracavitary hypertension have shown to be common in medical practice. Syndromes of intraabdominal, intracranial hypertension in limb fracture cases are most thoroughly studied and best characterized. Nevertheless, the significance of the above syndromes to the entire body has not been efficiently defined.Methods: The implication of excessive pressure has been studied by direct and indirect measuring of pressure inside organs and body cavities in cases of brain injury, lung disease, and various conditions of abdominal cavity organs, including severe abdominal pathologies and traumas, injuries to the limbs.Results: Interorgan, intracavitary and intertissular hypertension syndromes were found to be characterised by polyetiologic nature, similar pathogenesis mechanisms and accompanied by organ dysfunction or multiorgan insufficiency, based on examination data obtained from 1955 patients, including 70 craniocerebral injury patients, 296 severe abdominal pathology patients, 316 pulmonary pathology patients, 336 Mallory-Weiss syndrome patients, 524 complicated diverticular colon disease patients, 213 acute intestinal obstruction patients, 200 severe shin-bone fracture patients.Conclusion: Interorgan, intracavitary and intertissular hypertension syndromes can be defined as a uniform (model) pathological process caused by traumatic, infectious, metabolic, vascular factors and conditioned by a disparity between the contents volume and the volume-capacity of the organ cavity, increased pressure inside of them (>10mm Hg) and a pronounces disturbance in interorgan and intertissular perfusion. The authors consider intracavitary, interorgan and intertissular pressure of ≤10 mm Hg to be accepted as the constant value for a human body.
Geological Risks During Conduction Of Exploration Works In The Uzbekistan Part Of Aral Sea.
Authors: Abdullayev G , Turdiev D 
Published: October 2013

Oil and Gas industry in general and geological exploration process particularly is characterized by a number of specific peculiarities, which differit from other sectors of economy. We focused on search and identification of geological risks associated with oil drilling. During regional level risk evaluation a significant role was played by the fact that based on results of special processing of seismic materials abnormalities were discovered and these abnormalities propose the presence of hydrocarbon deposit (deposits) in the trap.Eventually, success ratio exceeded the threshold limit value more than 20 folds, i.e the risk of deposit absence was not high.Subsequent exploration of the deposit willshow industrial significance of identified deposits. It is possible that during drilling of exploration wells in Jurassic section other deposits are possible to be discovered as it occurred in Surgil deposit located in the adjacent tectonic zone (Sudochiy depression).
Informing The Society About Preschool And Preprimary Education – Education Policy Implementation In Lithuania
Authors: Kazlauskiene Ausra , Gaučaite Ramute 
Published: October 2013

Modern society also distinguishes itself by a large information flow that has to be selected according to one’s needs. A considerable number of researches proved that the spread of information about education is insufficiently efficient, so far the society is too little informed, and there is a lack of information about provided preschool and preprimary education services, in rural areas in particular. Therefore, parents, teachers and other groups of the society, which are either directly or indirectly related to preschool education, cannot use the opportunities provided by this link of education if they are not informed. For this reason it is important to analyse main documents on education of theRepublicofLithuania, to investigate the situation of informing the society about preschool and preprimary education in education policy implementation. The article is based on the content analysis, which generalizes the documents on education policy that regulate informing of the society about preschool and preprimary education inLithuania.The analysis of the documents on education of the Republic of Lithuania demonstrated that, informing about preschool and preprimary education, focal attention is paid to the target groups that directly participate in the child’s education processes – parents/foster parents and the staff of the education system. Only the context enables us to presume what information is forwarded to other groups of the society that indirectly participate in children’s education processes. Such situation may be influenced by the approach consolidated in the documents on education of theRepublicofLithuaniaabout preschool education as an intermediate, transitional link between the family and the school; it is sought “to prove parents and the society the efficiency and necessity of qualified children’s education”. It is likely that the lack of systematic attitude towards informing various societal groups as potential social partners about children’s education and care at the legal level will limit the possibilities both of practical creation of the informing system and its functioning.
Navigation Between Menu Screens and Multiple Touch Points on a Touch Screen Tablet to Access and Complete Multi-Step Tasks Using Video Prompting
Authors: Mechling Linda C. , Foster Ashley M. , Ayres Kevin M. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capacity of three young adults with intellectual disability to independently operate a touch screen tablet, including examining their ability to navigate between three different menu screens, each with four different touch point options (branching and to access and complete multi-step tasks using video prompting. A multiple probe across subjects design was used and data were collected on these young adults' abilities to navigate between screens and perform steps for becoming more independent in cooking, cleaning, and folding tasks. All three participants learned to navigate between different menu screens, access different video programs, complete the multi-step tasks, and maintained skill performance from 10 to 61 days.
Radioimmunoassay of free plasma metanephrines for the diagnosis of catecholamine-producing tumors
Authors: Pussard Eric , Chaouch Amel , Said Toihiri 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background: The determination of plasma metanephrines (MNs) provides a highly sensitive test for the diagnosis of catecholamine producing tumors. Chromatographic determinations with electrochemical or mass spectrometric detections are the methods of choice, but immunological assays have been developed. This study evaluated the clinical performances of a radioimmunoassay for free MNs in plasma.

Methods: MNs, normetanephrine (NMN) and metanephrine (MN) and catecholamines, norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) were determined in plasma and urine of 533 patients suspected of catecholamine producing tumor. Urinary and plasma catecholamines and urinary MNs were determined by HPLC using amperometric detection. Plasma MNs were purified by solid phase chromatography and quantified by a specific radioimmunoassay.

Results: Fifty-nine patients had tumors (13 paraganglioma and 46 pheochromocytoma) and the diagnosis was excluded in 474 patients. Receiver operator characteristic curves have identified optimal thresholds at 100 pg/mL for plasma NMN (sensitivity 96.6% and specificity 95.8%) and 70 pg/mL for plasma MN (sensitivity 61.0% and specificity 96.8%). These cut-off values were lower than those suggested by the manufacturer (170 and 100 pg/mL, respectively). The sensitivity of combined MNs was similar in plasma (100%) and urine (98%) but higher than that of urinary catecholamines (85%, p<0.001). The specificity of combined MNs in plasma (95%) was higher than urinary MNs (85%, p<0.001) and plasma catecholamines (75%, p<0.001).

Conclusions: Plasma-free and urinary-total MNs have a better discriminative power than catecholamines in the diagnosis of catecholamines producing tumors. Using these established cut-offs, measurement of plasma-free MN by radioimmunoassay represents an effective alternative to chromatographic methods.
Recent examples on the clinical relevance of the CYP2D6 polymorphism and endogenous functionality of CYP2D6
Authors: Haertter Sebastian 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) belongs to a group of CYPs considered of utmost importance in the metabolism of xenobiotics. Despite being of only minor abundance in the liver, it is involved in the clearance of >25% of marketed drugs. Accordingly, CYP2D6 can be very efficiently inhibited by a couple of commonly used drugs such as some antidepressants, although induction by any drug has not been observed thus far. CYP2D6 was also one of the first enzymes for which a highly polymorphic expression could be shown leading to a widespread range of functionality, from a complete lack of a functional enzyme to overexpression due to multiplication of active alleles. A clear relationship between the CYP2D6 genotype and adverse events during treatment with CNS-active drugs such as codeine, antidepressants, or antipsychotics could be demonstrated. More recently, some new aspects emerged about the potential endogenous function of CYP2D6 in terms of behavior and brain disorders.
Plan and Intent Recognition in a Multi-agent System for Collective Box Pushing
Authors: Ahmad Najla , Agah Arvin 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn a distributed multi-agent system, an idle agent may be available to assist other agents in the system. An agent architecture called intent recognition is proposed in this article to accomplish this with minimal communication. To assist other agents in the system, an agent performing recognition observes the tasks other agents are performing. Unlike the much-studied field of plan recognition, the overall intent of an agent is recognized instead of a specific plan. The observing agent may use capabilities that it has not observed. In this study, the key research question is: What are intent-recognition systems and how can these be used to have agents autonomously assist each other effectively and efficiently? A conceptual framework is proposed to address this question. An implementation of the conceptual framework is tested and evaluated. A set of metrics, including task time and number of communications, is used to compare the performance of plan recognition and intent recognition. This research shows that under certain conditions, an intent-recognition system is more efficient than a plan recognition system.
The thermal resistance, flame retardance, and smoke control mechanism of nano MH/GF/NBR composite material
Authors: Wang Qilei 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn order to produce a rubber sealing material with decent physical and mechanical properties, heat resistance, and flame retardance, a nano MH/GF/NBR composite material was made by using nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), glass fiber (GF), and nano magnesium hydroxide (MH). The physical and mechanical performances, heat resistance, and flame retardance of the composite material were investigated for different fractions of nano MH and GF. The results showed that nano MH reinforces the internal structure of the composite material. The bond strength between GF and the rubber matrix decreases with the increase in the amount of GF in the composite. The proportion of nano MH and GF can improve the physical and mechanical performances of NBR. The tensile strength, tear strength, permanent compression deformation, and hardness also increase. The nano MH/GF composite has good flame retardance, which improves the thermal stability of NBR. Additionally, the total smoke production of the composite material is reduced and the lifetime of the material is extended. The results established a foundation for further applications using the nano MH/GF/NBR composite material as a sealant.
Heredity and lifestyle in the determination of between-subject variation in thyroid hormone levels in euthyroid men
Authors: Roef Greet , Taes Youri , Toye Kaatje , Goemaere Stefan , Fiers Tom , Verstraete Alain , Kaufman Jean-Marc 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveVariation in thyroid hormone (TH) concentrations between subjects is greater than in a single subject over a prolonged period of time, suggesting an individual set point for thyroid function. We have previously shown that TH levels within normal range are associated with clinical indices such as bone mass, BMI, and heart rate. The aim of this study on young men was therefore to gain insight into the determinants of variation in TH levels among healthy subjects.MethodsHealthy male siblings (n=941, 25–45 years) were recruited in a cross-sectional, population-based study; a history or treatment of thyroid disease and thyroid auto-immunity were exclusion criteria. A complete assessment of TH status was performed (TSH, free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), thyroperoxidase, and thyroglobulin antibodies, reverse T3(rT3), thyroid-binding globulin (TBG), and urinary iodine levels). Genotyping was performed by TaqMan and KASP (KBiosciences) genotyping assays.Results(F)T4, rT3, and TBG had heritability estimates between 80 and 90%. Estimates were lower for (F)T3(60%) and lowest for TSH (49%).Significant associations were observed between different single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the thyroid pathway and TSH, FT4, ratio FT3:FT4, and rT3. Nevertheless, these SNPs only explain a limited part of the heredity. As to age and lifestyle-related factors, (F)T3was negatively related to age and education level, positively to smoking and BMI (allP<0.0001) but not substantially to urinary iodine concentrations. Smoking was also negatively related to TSH and positively to FT4.ConclusionBoth genetic and lifestyle-related factors play a role in determining between-subject variation in TH levels in euthyroid young men, although genetic factors seem most important.
Long-Term Outcomes of Japanese Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Biopsy-Proven Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Shimizu Miho , Furuichi Kengo , Toyama Tadashi , Kitajima Shinji , Hara Akinori , Kitagawa Kiyoki , Iwata Yasunori , Sakai Norihiko , Takamura Toshinari , Yoshimura Mitsuhiro , Yokoyama Hitoshi , Kaneko Shuichi , Wada Takashi ,   The Kanazawa Study Group for Renal Diseases and Hypertension
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE
We evaluated the structural-functional relationships and the prognostic factors for renal events, cardiovascular events, and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetic patients with biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Japanese type 2 diabetic patients with biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy (n = 260) were enrolled. Patients were stratified by albuminuria (proteinuria) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at the time of renal biopsy. The outcomes were the first occurrence of renal events (requirement of dialysis or a 50% decline in eGFR from baseline), cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, coronary interventions, or nonfatal stroke), and all-cause mortality.

RESULTS
The factors associated with albuminuria (proteinuria) regardless of eGFR were hematuria, diabetic retinopathy, low hemoglobin, and glomerular lesions. The factors associated with low eGFR regardless of albuminuria (proteinuria) were age and diffuse, nodular, tubulointerstitial, and vascular lesions. The glomerular, tubulointerstitial, and vascular lesions in patients with normoalbuminuria (normal proteinuria) and low eGFR were more advanced compared to those in patients with normoalbuminuria (normal proteinuria) and maintained eGFR. In addition, compared to patients with micro-/macroalbuminuria (mild/severe proteinuria) and low eGFR, their tubulointerstitial and vascular lesions were similar or more advanced in contrast to glomerular lesions. The mean follow-up period was 8.1 years. There were 118 renal events, 62 cardiovascular events, and 45 deaths. The pathological determinants were glomerular lesions, interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA), and arteriosclerosis for renal events, arteriosclerosis for cardiovascular events, and IFTA for all-cause mortality. The major clinical determinant for renal events and all-cause mortality was macroalbuminuria (severe proteinuria).

CONCLUSIONS
Our study suggests that the characteristic pathological lesions as well as macroalbuminuria (severe proteinuria) were closely related to the long-term outcomes of biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes.
Fluid inclusion and sulfur isotope thermometry of the Inkaya (Simav-Kütahya) Cu-Pb-Zn-(Ag) mineralization, NW TURKEY
Authors: Özen Yeşim , Arik Fetullah 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe Inkaya Cu-Pb-Zn-(Ag) mineralization, located about 20 km west of the Simav (Kütahya-Turkey), is situated in the northern part of the Menderes Massif Metamorphics. The mineralization is located along an E-W trending fault in the Cambrian Simav metamorphics consisting of quartz-muscovite schist, quartz-biotite schist, muscovite schist, biotite schist and the Arıkayası formation composed of marbles. Mineralized veins are 30–35 cm in width. The primary mineralization is represented by abundant galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, fahlore and minor amounts of cerussite, anglesite, digenite, enargite, chalcocite, covellite, bornite, limonite, hematite and goethite with gangue quartz.Fluid inclusion studies on the quartz samples collected from the mineralized veins indicate that the temperature range of the fluids is 235°C to 340°C and the salinities are 0.7 to 4.49 wt. % NaCl equivalent. The wide range of homogenization temperatures indicates that two different fluid generations were trapped in quartz.Sulfur isotope studies of the sulfide minerals showed that all of the δ 34S values are between −2.1 and 2.6 per mil. These values are a typical range for hydrothermal sulfide minerals that have sulfur derived from a magmatic source.Pyrite-galena and pyrite-chalcopyrite sulfur isotope fractionation is consistent with an approach to isotopic equilibrium, and calculated temperatures are 254.6 and 277.4°C for pyrite-galena and 274.7°C for pyrite-chalcopyrite. The microthermometric data and sulfur isotope thermometry indicate the existence of a hydrothermal fluid that circulated along the fault crossing the Simav metamorphics and Arıkayası formation.Fluid inclusion and sulfur isotope thermometry can be used in combination with ore petrographical and geological information to provide site-specific targets for meso-hypothermal metal concentrations.
Composition of protozoan communities at two sites in the coastal zone of the southern Baltic Sea
Authors: Rychert Krzysztof , Spich Katarzyna , Laskus Kinga , Pączkowska Michalina , Wielgat-Rychert Magdalena , Sojda Gracjan 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Protozoan communities were studied in the coastal zone of the southern Baltic Sea. Stable environmental conditions and typical, bimodal seasonal changes in the protozoan biomass were observed at the sampling site in Sopot (2003–2004). At the sampling site in Ustka (2007–2008), strong benthic resuspension and irregular impacts of fresh water resulted in atypical seasonal changes in the protozoan biomass with a summer peak only. The mean annual biomass had similar values at both sites: 43.2 μg C dm−3 in Sopot and 38.6 μg C dm−3 in Ustka. The protozoan community in Sopot was dominated by ciliates (48% of the biomass), whereas in Ustka — by heterotrophic nanoflagellates (53%).
How lonely they are? A degree of isolation among macrozoobenthos species in the Marine Protected Area, the Bay of Puck, the Southern Baltic
Authors: Węsławski Jan , Kryla-Straszewska Lucyna , Warzocha Jan , Urbański Jacek , Włodarska-Kowalczuk Maria , Kotwicki Lech 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Extensive sampling (450 grabs) was performed all over the inner part of Puck Bay (105 km2 area) in summers of 2007–2009. The GIS-based analysis of samples was performed to assess in detail the distribution of 32 benthic species. The minimum area of occurrence was less than 1 km2 for Lekanosphaera rugicauda and the maximum was 83 km2 for Cerastoderma glaucum. The material reveals that species with the pelagic larval stage were most widespread, with the least distance between individuals and the highest average density (e.g. Cerastoderma glaucum, Hydrobia ventrosa). The most isolated and the least dense species within the studied area were discretely mobile, non-larval crustaceans (e.g. Gammarus oceanicus and Lekanosphaera rugicauda), present at single sites with the largest distance from each other. We conclude that analysis of species distribution helps in understanding the threats to populations of marine invertebrates and marine spatial planning, through locating the isolated species and populations.
Distribution and abundance of microflora in sandy beaches on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea
Authors: Mudryk Zbigniew , Perliński Piotr , Skórczewski Piotr , Wielgat Milena , Zdanowicz Marta 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The abundance of actinomycetes, filamentous fungi and yeasts in the marine epipsammon habitat and their spatial distribution were studied with conventional plating techniques in two marine beaches (Ustka and Czołpino, southern Baltic Sea) which are characterized by different anthropic pressure levels. Actinomycetes constituted the predominant group of studied microorganisms, while the least numerous were yeasts in the sand of both studied beaches. On both of the beaches researched in this study, the amounts of accumulated actinomycetales, fungi and yeasts were similar. When analyzing the distribution of the microflora along the horizontal beach profiles we found significant differences. In the sand collected along the profile perpendicular to the shoreline in Ustka and Czołpino beaches, the highest numbers of actinomycetes, filamentous fungi and yeasts were noted in the samples from the dune and the lowest in those from the subtidal zone and waterline. Generally, higher numbers of studied microorganisms were observed in the surface than in the subsurface sand layer. The occurrence of actinomycetes, filamentous fungi and yeasts showed considerable seasonal variation.