bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Job Strain and the Risk of Stroke
Authors: Fransson Eleonor I. , Nyberg Solja T. , Heikkilä Katriina , Alfredsson Lars , Bjorner Jakob B. , Borritz Marianne , Burr Hermann , Dragano Nico , Geuskens Goedele A. , Goldberg Marcel , Hamer Mark , Hooftman Wendela E. , Houtman Irene L. , Joensuu Matti , Jokela Markus , Knutsson Anders , Koskenvuo Markku , Koskinen Aki , Kumari Meena , Leineweber Constanze , Lunau Thorsten , Madsen Ida E.H. , Hanson Linda L. Magnusson , Nielsen Martin L. , Nordin Maria , Oksanen Tuula , Pentti Jaana , Pejtersen Jan H. , Rugulies Reiner , Salo Paula , Shipley Martin J. , Steptoe Andrew , Suominen Sakari B. , Theorell Töres , Toppinen-Tanner Salla , Vahtera Jussi , Virtanen Marianna , Väänänen Ari , Westerholm Peter J.M. , Westerlund Hugo , Zins Marie , Britton Annie , Brunner Eric J. , Singh-Manoux Archana , Batty G. David , Kivimäki Mika 
Published: January 2015

Background and Purpose—
Psychosocial stress at work has been proposed to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, its role as a risk factor for stroke is uncertain.

Methods—
We conducted an individual-participant-data meta-analysis of 196 380 males and females from 14 European cohort studies to investigate the association between job strain, a measure of work-related stress, and incident stroke.

Results—
In 1.8 million person-years at risk (mean follow-up 9.2 years), 2023 first-time stroke events were recorded. The age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratio for job strain relative to no job strain was 1.24 (95% confidence interval, 1.05;1.47) for ischemic stroke, 1.01 (95% confidence interval, 0.75;1.36) for hemorrhagic stroke, and 1.09 (95% confidence interval, 0.94;1.26) for overall stroke. The association with ischemic stroke was robust to further adjustment for socioeconomic status.

Conclusion—
Job strain may be associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke, but further research is needed to determine whether interventions targeting job strain would reduce stroke risk beyond existing preventive strategies.
Plaque Components in Symptomatic Moderately Stenosed Carotid Arteries Related to Cerebral Infarcts
Authors: de Rotte Alexandra A.J. , Truijman Martine T.B. , van Dijk Anouk C. , Liem Madieke I. , Schreuder Floris H.B.M. , van der Kolk Anja G. , de Kruijk Jelle R. , Daemen Matt J.A.P. , van der Steen Anton F.W. , de Borst Gert Jan , Luijten Peter R. , Nederkoorn Paul J. , Kooi Marianne Eline , van der Lugt Aad , Hendrikse Jeroen , Schreuder A.H.C.M.L. , Koudstaal P.J. , Limburg M. , Weisfelt M. , Korten A.G.G.C. , Saxena R. , van Oostenbrugge R.J. , Mess W.H. , van Orshoven N.P. , Tromp S.C. , Bakker S.L.M. , Kruyt N.D. , Meems B.J. , Verhey J.C.B. , Wijnhoud A.D. 
Published: January 2015

Background and Purpose—
Carotid plaque composition is a major determinant of cerebrovascular events. In the present analysis, we evaluated the relationship between intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) and a thin/ruptured fibrous cap (TRFC) in moderately stenosed carotid arteries and cerebral infarcts on MRI in the ipsilateral hemisphere.

Methods—
A total of 101 patients with a symptomatic 30% to 69% carotid artery stenosis underwent MRI of the carotid arteries and the brain, within a median time of 45 days from onset of symptoms. The presence of ipsilateral infarcts in patients with and without IPH and TRFC was evaluated.

Results—
IPH was seen in 40 of 101 plaques. TRFC was seen in 49 of 86 plaques (postcontrast series were not obtained in 15 patients). In total, 51 infarcts in the flow territory of the symptomatic carotid artery were found in 47 patients. Twenty nine of these infarcts, found in 24 patients, were cortical infarcts. No significant relationship was found between IPH or TRFC and the presence of ipsilateral infarcts.

Conclusions—
MRI detected IPH and TRFC are not related to the presence of old and recent cortical and subcortical infarcts ipsilateral to a symptomatic carotid artery stenosis of 30% to 69%.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01208025.
The Influence of Cloud Feedbacks on Equatorial Atlantic Variability
Authors: Bellomo Katinka , Clement Amy C. , Mauritsen Thorsten , Rädel Gaby , Stevens Bjorn 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Observations show that cloud feedback over the Namibian stratocumulus region is positive because cloud cover is anticorrelated with local sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. Moreover, regressions of observed atmospheric fields on equatorial Atlantic SST anomalies indicate that cloud feedbacks over the Namibian stratocumulus region covary with Atlantic Niño. However, from observations alone, it is not possible to quantify the influence of regional cloud feedbacks on equatorial climate variability. To address this question, a set of sensitivity experiments are conducted using an atmospheric general circulation model (ECHAM6) coupled to a slab ocean in which the strength of positive cloud feedback is enhanced over several regions in the South Atlantic basin. Enhanced positive cloud feedback over the Namibian stratocumulus region increases local as well as equatorial SST variability, whereas enhanced cloud feedback over other regions in the South Atlantic increases local SST variability but exhibits negligible responses at the equator. The authors’ results indicate that the Namibian region plays a central role in enhancing equatorial SST variability because it is located where the SST anomalies associated with the simulated Atlantic Niño in the slab-ocean model develop. These results highlight the important role of the regional coupling of cloud cover over the Namibian region with local SSTs and its effects on equatorial Atlantic climate variability.
Configural Behavior Settings of Crime Event Locations
Authors: Hart Timothy C. , Miethe Terance D. 
Published: January 2015

Objectives: The utility of configural behavior settings is explored as an alternative unit of analysis for place-based criminological research. Four research questions are addressed: (1) How do robberies cluster within certain behavior settings? (2) How are conclusions about robbery’s behavior settings influenced by the distance interval used to measure the proximate environment? (3) Are dominant behavior settings homogeneous across patrol districts? and (4) Is there temporal variability among dominant behavior settings? Method: Conjunctive analysis of case configurations is used to construct configural behavior settings around 453 robbery locations in Henderson, Nevada, between 2007 and 2009. Results: The major findings of this study are that (1) the majority of personal robberies occur within a small number of dominant configural behavior settings and (2) the composition of behavior settings and the proportion of incidents for which they account varies by the distance interval used to measure the proximate environment, patrol district, and time of day. Conclusions: Configural behavior settings provide an alternative unit of analysis that can be used in future place-based research to improve our understanding of criminogenic microenvironments. Replication of this study in other cities that vary in urban design would further demonstrate the merits of this approach.
Usefulness of elevated red cell distribution width for predicting systemic inflammatory response syndrome after extracorporeal circulation
Authors: Özeren M , Aytaçoğlu B , Vezir Ö , Karaca K , Akın R , Sucu N 
Published: January 2015

Objectives: Cardiac surgical operations performed by using extracorporeal circulation (ECC) lead to a systemic inflammatory response (SIR). Sometimes SIR may turn into a severe state, the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that usually has a poor outcome with no specific clinical tools described for its prediction. Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a routine hematological parameter. It has been proposed as a marker of morbidity and mortality in various clinical conditions. We aimed to investigate the relationship between high RDW and SIRS which is triggered by ECC. Methods: Eleven hundred consecutive patients who underwent elective heart surgery with the use of ECC were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 19 patients fulfilled the described SIRS criteria and 20 consecutive patients were selected as the control group. RDW and other laboratory parameters, preoperative clinical status, operative data and postoperative data were compared between the SIRS and the control groups. Results: Baseline characteristics of the patient groups were similar. Significant mortality was found in the SIRS group; 18 (94.73%) patients and 2 (10%) patients in the control group (p<0.002). RDW was found to be significantly higher in the SIRS group vs the control group (15.02±2.03 vs 13.01±1.93, respectively, p<0.003). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed an association between high RDW levels and SIRS development (OR for RDW levels exceeding 13.5%; 95% confidence limits of 1.0-1.3; p<0.04). Total operation time and the need for inotropic support were also found to be significant against the SIRS group (p=0.049). Conclusion: Increased RDW was significantly associated with increased risk of SIRS after ECC. The results of this study suggest that paying attention to RDW might provide valuable clinical information for predicting SIRS development among patients who are candidates for open heart surgery, without incurring additional costs.
Clinical and microbiological features of patients admitted to the intensive care unit with nursing and healthcare-associated pneumonia
Authors: Lee Myoung Kyu , Kim Sang-Ha , Yong Suk Joong , Shin Kye Chul , Park Hyeon Cheol , Choi Jiwon , Choi Yeun Seoung , Seong Jae Ho , Jung Ye-Ryung , Lee Won-Yeon 
Published: January 2015

Objective To evaluate clinical and microbiological features in patients with nursing and healthcare-associated pneumonia (NHCAP), admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods Demographic, clinical and microbiological data were retrospectively reviewed from patients with NHCAP admitted to a respiratory ICU. Patients were categorized into one of four NHCAP groups: (A) residence in a long-term nursing-home setting or healthcare home; (B) hospital discharge in the preceding 90 days; (C) elderly or physically disabled patients who stay at home but require healthcare; (D) continuously receiving outpatient endovascular therapy including chronic dialysis, anticancer drugs, and immunosuppressants. Pneumonia severity index (PSI), CURB-65, duration of ICU stay and 30-day mortality were evaluated. Results Out of 428 patients reviewed (male, 67.1%; mean age, 71.2 ± 11.9 years), 30-day mortality was 25.5%, and duration of ICU stay was 13.8 ± 13.3 days. Mortality rate was not significantly different between the four NHCAP groups; duration of ICU stay was significantly longer in groups C and D. PSI score, serum HCO3– level, duration of ICU stay, extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and multidrug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii were significantly associated with 30-day mortality. Conclusion ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, MDR A. baumannii and PSI score should be considered in ICU patients with NHCAP.
Help for heroes? Evaluating a case management programme for ex-service personnel in the United Kingdom
Authors: Warren Jon , Garthwaite Kayleigh , Bambra Clare 
Published: January 2015

Aims: There is increasing recognition of the health and social needs of ex-service personnel, but the UK evidence base on interventions is small. This article presents the findings from an evaluation of a vocational case management programme co-funded by the National Health Service (NHS) to prevent ill health among ex-service personnel. Methods: Qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 15 ex-service personnel were conducted. Five interviews with case management staff were also undertaken. Data were transcribed, thematically coded and analysed using NVivo. Results: Ex-service personnel valued the service and consistently highlighted ‘being listened to’, ‘being made to feel valued by programme staff’, ‘having their problems taken seriously’ and ‘being treated as an individual’ as the most valuable aspects of the programme. Respondents particularly valued the personal support that case managers provided and the environment in which the service was delivered. Conclusion: Case management is a viable way in which the military, health professionals and support services can provide ongoing support for ex-service personnel in transitioning successfully to civilian life.
The BAU GIS system using open source mapwindow
Authors: Sadoun Balqies , Al-Bayari Omar , Al-Azizi Jalal , Al Rawashdeh Samih 
Published: January 2015

Abstract“BAU GIS” is an efficient and flexible Geographic Information System (GIS) that supports manipulation, analysis, and viewing of geospatial data and associated attribute data in various GIS data formats. “BAU GIS” system is a stand-alone application, developed using (Map Window Open Source GIS) and (visual basic 10.0). It has been designed and developed to address the need for a GIS programming tool that could be used in engineering research and project software, without requiring end users to purchase a complete GIS system, or become a GIS experts. It is both a GIS modeling system, and a GIS application programming interface (API); all in a convenient redistributable package. TheBAU GISapplication is free and extensible GIS that can be used as an open-source alternative to desktop GIS, in order to distribute data to others and to develop and distribute custom spatial data analysis tools.
Epigenetic Regulation of the lncRNA MEG3 and Its Target c-MET in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Modali Sita D. , Parekh Vaishali I. , Kebebew Electron , Agarwal Sunita K. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Biallelic inactivation of MEN1 encoding menin in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) associated with the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome is well established, but how menin loss/inactivation initiates tumorigenesis is not well understood. We show that menin activates the long noncoding RNA maternally expressed gene 3 (Meg3) by histone-H3 lysine-4 trimethylation and CpG hypomethylation at the Meg3 promoter CRE site, to allow binding of the transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein. We found that Meg3 has tumor-suppressor activity in PNET cells because the overexpression of Meg3 in MIN6 cells (insulin-secreting mouse PNET cell line) blocked cell proliferation and delayed cell cycle progression. Gene expression microarray analysis showed that Meg3 overexpression in MIN6 mouse insulinoma cells down-regulated the expression of the protooncogene c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor), and these cells showed significantly reduced cell migration/invasion. Compared with normal islets, mouse or human MEN1-associated PNETs expressed less MEG3 and more c-MET. Therefore, a tumor-suppressor long noncoding RNA (MEG3) and suppressed protooncogene (c-MET) combination could elicit menin's tumor-suppressor activity. Interestingly, MEG3 and c-MET expression was also altered in human sporadic insulinomas (insulin secreting PNETs) with hypermethylation at the MEG3 promoter CRE-site coinciding with reduced MEG3 expression. These data provide insights into the β-cell proliferation mechanisms that could retain their functional status. Furthermore, in MIN6 mouse insulinoma cells, DNA-demethylating drugs blocked cell proliferation and activated Meg3 expression. Our data suggest that the epigenetic activation of lncRNA MEG3 and/or inactivation of c-MET could be therapeutic for treating PNETs and insulinomas.
In Situ Observation of Pressure-induced Crystallization from Amorphous Calcium Carbonate by Time-resolved X-ray Diffraction
Authors: Maruyama Koji , Kagi Hiroyuki , Inoue Toru , Ohfuji Hiroaki , Yoshino Toru 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Pressure-induced crystallization from amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) was observed with X-ray diffraction at room temperature. Time-resolved diffraction patterns revealed that calcite and vaterite simultaneously crystallized from ACC, without transformation from vaterite to calcite against Ostwald’s step rule. The n values of calcite in Avrami modeling were slightly larger than that of vaterite, which was consistent with the slightly larger grain size of calcite compared with vaterite. Microtexture of the recovered samples suggested that vaterite and calcite crystallized by noticeably different mechanisms.
Straightforward Synthesis of 2-Anilinobenzoxazoles and -benzothiazoles via Mechanochemical Ball-milling-promoted One-pot Reactions
Authors: Zhang Ze , Wang Fang-Jian , Wu Hao-Hao , Tan Ya-Jun 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Under mechanochemical ball-milling and solvent-free conditions, a series of 2-anilinobenzoxazoles and -thiazoles were synthesized directly from the one-pot reaction of anilines, CS2, and 2-aminophenol and -thiophenol. This protocol exhibits the following advantages: free or cheap use of a cyclodesulfurization reagent, no separation of in situ generated isothiocyanate, short reaction time, and simple work-up procedure.
Syntheses, Crystal Structure, and Fluorescent Property of a New (4,10)-Connected 3D Cd(II) Coordination Polymer
Authors: Wu Lirong , Guo Xiangli , Wang Zhongjie , Chen Jinxi 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
A new 3D Cd(II) coordination polymer, [Cd3(HBPTC)2(4,4′-bpy)2], was prepared by the reaction of cadmium nitrate with H4BPTC (1,1′-biphenyl-2,4,4′,6-tetracarboxylic acid) in the presence of 4,4′-bpy (4,4′-bipyridine). This compound displays an amazing (4,10)-connected topological net. The fluorescent property of the compound was also studied, and a blue shift on the emission band was observed in comparison with the free H4BPTC ligand.
Interleukin-6 in two-stage revision arthroplasty
Authors: Hoell S. , Borgers L. , Gosheger G. , Dieckmann R. , Schulz D. , Gerss J. , Hardes J. 
Published: January 2015

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the serum level of interleukin 6 (IL-6) could be used to identify the persistence of infection after the first stage of a two-stage revision for periprosthetic joint infection.Between 2010 and 2011, we prospectively studied 55 patients (23 men, 32 women; mean age 69.5 years; 36 to 86) with a periprosthetic joint infection. Bacteria were identified in two intra-operative tissue samples during re-implantation in 16 patients. These cases were classified as representing persistent infection.To calculate a precise cut-off value which could be used in everyday clinical practice, a 3 x 2 contingency table was constructed and manually defined.We found that a serum IL-6 ≥ 13 pg/mL can be regarded as indicating infection: its positive-predictive value is 90.9%. A serum IL-6 ≤ 8 pg/mL can be regarded as indicating an absence of infection: its negative predictive value is 92.1%.The serum IL-6 level seems to be a reasonable marker for identifying persistent infection after the first stage of a revision joint arthroplasty and before attempting re-implantation.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:71–5.
The results of an extensive soft-tissue procedure in the treatment of obligatory patellar dislocation in children with ligamentous laxity
Authors: Niedzielski K. R. , Malecki K. , Flont P. , Fabis J. 
Published: January 2015

In 11 paediatric patients (seven girls and four boys, from 12 to 15 years old) with unilateral obligatory patellar dislocation and ligamentous laxity vastus medialis advancement, lateral release, partial patellar ligament transposition and Galeazzi semitendinosus tenodesis was undertaken to stabilise the patella. The diagnostic criterion for ligamentous laxity was based on the Beighton scale. Outcomes were evaluated radiologically and functionally by measurement of the range of knee movement and isokinetic testing. The evaluation also included the Lysholm knee scale. Follow-up studies took place at a mean of 8.1 years (5 to 15) post-operatively.Normal patellar tracking without any recurrence of dislocation was obtained in ten out of 11 patients. Pain related to vigorous activity was reported by nine patients. Compared with the opposite normal side, the isokinetic tests revealed a statistically significant decrease in the maximal torque values for the affected quadriceps muscle (p = 0.003 and p = 0.004), but no difference between the knee flexors (for angular velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s) (p = 0.858 and p = 0.79).The applied surgical technique generally prevents the recurrence of the disorder in children with habitual patellar dislocation and ligamentous laxity. Quadriceps muscle weakness can be expected to occur post-operatively,Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;96-B:129–33.
Implant design influences patient outcome after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Hamilton D. F. , Burnett R. , Patton J. T. , Howie C. R. , Moran M. , Simpson A. H. R. W. , Gaston P. 
Published: January 2015

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an established and successful procedure. However, the design of prostheses continues to be modified in an attempt to optimise the functional outcome of the patient. The aim of this study was to determine if patient outcome after TKA was influenced by the design of the prosthesis used. A total of 212 patients (mean age 69; 43 to 92; 131 female (62%), 81 male (32%)) were enrolled in a single centre double-blind trial and randomised to receive either a Kinemax (group 1) or a Triathlon (group 2) TKA. Patients were assessed pre-operatively, at six weeks, six months, one year and three years after surgery. The outcome assessments used were the Oxford Knee Score; range of movement; pain numerical rating scales; lower limb power output; timed functional assessment battery and a satisfaction survey. Data were assessed incorporating change over all assessment time points, using repeated measures analysis of variance longitudinal mixed models. Implant group 2 showed a significantly greater range of movement (p = 0.009), greater lower limb power output (p = 0.026) and reduced report of ‘worst daily pain’ (p = 0.003) over the three years of follow-up. Differences in Oxford Knee Score (p = 0.09), report of ‘average daily pain’ (p = 0.57) and timed functional performance tasks (p = 0.23) did not reach statistical significance. Satisfaction with outcome was significantly better in group 2 (p = 0.001). These results suggest that patient outcome after TKA can be influenced by the prosthesis used. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:64–70.