bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lean psychology and the theories of “Thinking, Fast and Slow”
Authors: Hozak Kurt , Olsen Eric O. 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to develop insights about the psychological factors that contribute to lean’s success as a holistic and adaptive system.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors use the best-selling book “Thinking, Fast and Slow” (TFAS) (2011) by Nobel-prize winner Daniel Kahneman to provide a familiar lens for readers who might not otherwise be familiar with the psychology theories that are used in this paper to study lean conceptually. With this approach, the paper sheds light on psychological factors that tie together many of the philosophies, principles and practices of lean.

Findings
– The paper shows how lean’s philosophies, principles and practices provide a synergistic and self-reinforcing system that drives employee thinking and actions. TFAS characterizes thought processes as “fast System 1 thinking” that relies on intuition and “slow System 2 thinking” that is more rational and logical. Lean psychology eliminates waste and adds customer value by supporting, enhancing and taking advantage of beneficial fast thinking and motivating and imposing appropriate slow thinking.

Originality/value
– The authors develop the concept of lean psychology to describe the relationship between psychology theories and lean. By applying lean psychology, organizations can go beyond superficially adopting a checklist of tools and techniques to more fully take advantage of lean and improve their operations performance.
How an entry-level, interdisciplinary sustainability course revealed the benefits and challenges of a university-wide initiative for sustainability education
Authors: Coops Nicholas C , Marcus Jean , Construt Ileana , Frank Erica , Kellett Ron , Mazzi Eric , Munro Alison , Nesbit Susan , Riseman Andrew , Robinson John , Schultz Anneliese , Sipos Yona 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– Delivery of sustainability-related curriculum to undergraduate students can be problematic due to the traditional “siloing” of curriculum by faculties along disciplinary lines. In addition, while there is often a ready availability of courses focused on sustainability issues in the later years of students’ programs, few early entry-level courses focused on sustainability, broad enough to apply to all disciplines, are available to students in the first year of their program.Design/methodology/approach– In this paper, we describe the development, and preliminary implementation, of an entry-level, interdisciplinary sustainability course. To do so, the authors describe the development of a university-wide initiative designed to bridge units on campus working and teaching in sustainability areas, and to promote and support sustainability curriculum development.Findings– The authors describe the conceptual framework for organising course content and delivery. The authors conclude with an informal assessment of the successes and challenges, and offer learning activities, student assessments and course administration recommendations for consideration when developing courses with similar learning goals.Originality/value– The positive and negative experiences gained through developing and offering a course of this nature, in a large research-focused university, offers knew insights into potential barriers for implementing first-year cross-cutting sustainability curriculum.
Towards the distinctive Islamic mode of leadership in business
Authors: Galanou Aikaterini , Farrag Dalia Abdelrahman 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– The paper provides some fundamental observations on leadership from an Islamic perspective and the Islamic revealed knowledge. The purpose of this paper is to measure the association between Islamic leadership and the most common western forms of leadership namely; transactional, transformational, authentic, and ethical leadership styles as well as its relationship on leader’s effectiveness and organizational innovation.Design/methodology/approach– An empirical investigation was conducted using portrait value questionnaire recommended by Schwartz (1994b), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) followed by structural equation modelling (SEM).Findings– The results indicated that Islamic leadership is positively and significantly associated with perception of leader effectiveness and innovation outcomes. In addition the findings revealed that Islamic leadership is positively correlated with transformational, ethical, and authentic leadership as well and not with the transactional leadership style.Practical implications– Among the practical implications of this research is that while a large body of leadership research has adopted a variation of leadership theories, our results suggest that we should seize to pay attention to the influential Islamic leadership.Originality/value– The originality of this paper is that it extends scholarly understanding on Islamic perspectives of management which is a relatively new and growing area of interest for academics and practitioners, in terms of both theory and practice.
10 Practical findings from the deployment of an exploratory knowledge management framework
Authors: O'Brien Jamie 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to offer a practical lens grounded in the relatively unexplored industry setting of medical devices. The objective of this paper is to use two in-depth case studies to highlight the key findings of an exploratory knowledge assessment framework surrounding the areas of knowledge creation, acquisition, sharing and reuse.Design/methodology/approach– An interpretivist paradigm was followed while using two case studies. The study was developed over a three-year period using 36 in-depth interviews, document analysis and observation.Findings– At the case companies, these findings were concluded: Across groups, cross-functional sharing is siloed, which leads to a lack of knowledge sharing. Cultural issues, such as hoarding of knowledge, hinder knowledge management (KM) initiatives. Employees new to the organisation find it difficult to locate knowledge. Employees are dependent on their informal network. The implementation of several KM initiatives is hindered because staff do not have sufficient time. Knowledge reuse is not given attention when targets have to be met. Due to time issues and informal network dependence, there is a lack of formal systems use. There is a lack of ownership of knowledge. There are knowledge retention problems. The organisation does not know its employees’ skills.Research limitations/implications– The usual limitations of case-study research apply surrounding generalisability; however, the author has used best practice in the application of this study using the case-study literature.Practical implications– By exploring at firm level some of the factors associated with individual knowledge acquisition and providing empirical evidence, the study contributes to richer understanding of what should be perceived by potential knowledge recipients to enhance their acquiring knowledge from others. The research shows that for increased competitiveness, knowledge should be shared among organisational members and highlights some of the pitfalls of using KM systems to achieve this.Originality/value– The proposed framework offers a lens to organisations with which they could gauge their knowledge base and ask the how and why questions. This would improve awareness in the areas of knowledge acquisition, sharing, learning and reuse.
Calendar time interpolation of amplitude maps from 4D seismic data
Authors: Kiær Anders Fredrik , Eiken Ola , Landrø Martin 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTA calendar time interpolation method for 2D seismic amplitude maps, done in two steps, is presented. The contour interpolation part is formulated as a quadratic programming problem, whereas the amplitude value interpolation is based on a conditional probability formulation. The method is applied on field data from the Sleipner CO2 storage project. The output is a continuous image (movie) of the CO2 plume. Besides visualization, the output can be used to better couple 4D seismic to other types of data acquired. The interpolation uncertainty increases with the time gap between consecutive seismic surveys and is estimated by leaving a survey out (blind test). Errors from such tests can be used to identify problems in understanding the flow and possibly improve the interpolation scheme for a given case. Field‐life cost of various acquisition systems and repeat frequencies are linked to the time‐lapse interpolation errors. The error in interpolated amplitudes increased by 3%‐4% per year of interpolation gap for the Sleipner case. Interpolation can never fully replace measurements.
Strong effects of variation in taxonomic opinion on diversification analyses
Authors: Faurby Søren , Eiserhardt Wolf L. , Svenning Jens‐Christian 
Published: July 2015

Summary

The effects of variation in taxonomic opinion between ‘splitters’ and ‘lumpers’ have been debated intensely in conservation biology and have also been discussed in macroecology. However, the impact on diversification analyses has received little attention and has largely been ignored by many end‐users of macroevolutionary analyses.

Using simulated data sets, we analysed the effects of variation in taxonomic opinion on lineage diversification analysis, focusing on two measures of phylogenetic asymmetry (β and IC), a measure of the relative age composition of nodes (γ), and the MEDUSA algorithm, which searches for clades with unique diversification histories.

All measures were biased by variation in taxonomic opinion, but to different degrees. The γ‐estimate and the MEDUSA algorithm were found to be especially sensitive, with error rates high enough to make it likely that false increases in diversification rates over time or clades with apparently, but not actually, unique diversification histories would be present in many published analyses. In contrast, for the two measures of phylogenetic asymmetry the biases were likely too small to substantially change conclusions in studies ignoring variation in taxonomic opinion.

Our results highlight that variation in taxonomic opinion can be an important source of error in diversification analyses. We therefore suggest that all end‐users of diversification analyses should consider whether the approaches used are sensitive to this issue and, if so, whether any of their results could be a consequence of different taxonomic treatment of different lineages rather than real biological differences.
Anaphylaxis and ethnicity: higher incidence in British South Asians
Authors: Buka R. J. , Crossman R. J. , Melchior C. L. , Huissoon A. P. , Hackett S. , Dorrian S. , Cooke M. W. , Krishna M. T. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of anaphylaxis in South Asians (Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi ethnicity) is unknown. Birmingham is a British city with a disproportionately large population of South Asians (22.5%) compared with the rest of the UK (4.9%). The main aims of this study were to determine the incidence and severity of anaphylaxis in this population and to investigate the differences between the South Asian and White populations.MethodsA retrospective electronic search of emergency department attendances at three hospitals in Birmingham during 2012 was carried out. Wide search terms were used, medical notes were scrutinized, and the World Allergy Organization diagnostic criteria for anaphylaxis were applied. Patients’ age, sex, ethnicity and home postal code were collected, reactions were graded by severity, and other relevant details including specialist assessment were extracted. Multivariate analysis was undertaken using 2011 UK census data.ResultsAge‐, sex‐ and ethnicity‐standardized incidence rate of anaphylaxis was 34.5 per 100 000 person‐years. Multivariate logistic regression which controlled for the confounders of age, sex and level of socioeconomic deprivation showed that incidence was higher in the South Asian population (OR 1.48, P = 0.005). Incidence rate in the South Asian population was 58.3 cases per 100 000 person‐years compared to 31.5 in the White population. South Asian children were more likely to present with severe anaphylaxis (OR 5.31, P = 0.002).ConclusionsIncidence of anaphylaxis is significantly higher in British South Asians compared to the white population. British South Asian children are at a greater risk of severe anaphylaxis than White children.
Breastfeeding and intelligence: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Horta Bernardo L , Loret de Mola Christian , Victora Cesar G 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAimThis study was aimed at systematically reviewing evidence of the association between breastfeeding and performance in intelligence tests.MethodsTwo independent searches were carried out using Medline, LILACS, SCIELO and Web of Science. Studies restricted to infants and those where estimates were not adjusted for stimulation or interaction at home were excluded. Fixed‐ and random‐effects models were used to pool the effect estimates, and a random‐effects regression was used to assess potential sources of heterogeneity.ResultsWe included 17 studies with 18 estimates of the relationship between breastfeeding and performance in intelligence tests. In a random‐effects model, breastfed subjects achieved a higher IQ [mean difference: 3.44 points (95% confidence interval: 2.30; 4.58)]. We found no evidence of publication bias. Studies that controlled for maternal IQ showed a smaller benefit from breastfeeding [mean difference 2.62 points (95% confidence interval: 1.25; 3.98)]. In the meta‐regression, none of the study characteristics explained the heterogeneity among the studies.ConclusionBreastfeeding is related to improved performance in intelligence tests. A positive effect of breastfeeding on cognition was also observed in a randomised trial. This suggests that the association is causal.
A ‘One Stop’ Prostate Clinic for rural and remote men: a report on the first 200 patients
Authors: McCombie Steve P. , Hawks Cynthia , Emery Jon D. , Hayne Dickon 
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveTo report on the structure and outcomes of a new ‘One Stop’ Prostate Clinic (OSPC) designed specifically for rural and remote men.Patients and MethodsProspective cohort study of the first 200 rural or remote men to access a new OSPC at a public tertiary‐level hospital in Western Australia between August 2011 and August 2014. Men attended for urological assessment, and proceeded to same‐day transrectal ultrasonography‐guided prostate biopsies, if appropriate. Referral criteria were either two abnormal age‐related prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels in the absence of urinary tract infection (UTI), or an abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) regardless of PSA level.ResultsThe median (range) distance travelled was 1545 (56–3229) km and median (range) time from referral to assessment was 33 (2–165) days. The median (range) age was 62 (38–85) years, PSA level was 6.7 (0.5–360) ng/mL and 39% (78/200) had a suspicious DRE. In all, 92% (184/200) of men proceeded to prostate biopsies, and 60% (111/184) of these men were diagnosed with prostate cancer. Our complication rate was 3.5% (6/172). Radical prostatectomy (46/111), active surveillance (28/111) and external beam radiation therapy (26/111) were the commonest subsequent treatment methods. A $1045 (Australian dollars) cost‐saving per person was estimated based on the reduced need for travel with the OSPC model.ConclusionThe OSPC is an effective and efficient model for assessing men suspected of having prostate cancer living in rural and remote areas of Western Australia, and this model may be applicable to other areas.
Consistent Scene Editing by Progressive Difference Images
Authors: Günther Tobias , Grosch Thorsten 
Published: July 2015

AbstractEven though much research was dedicated to the acceleration of consistent, progressive light transport simulations, the computation of fully converged images is still very time‐consuming. This is problematic, as for the practical use in production pipelines, the rapid editing of lighting effects is important. While previous approaches restart the simulation with every scene manipulation, we make use of the coherence between frames before and after a modification in order to accelerate convergence of the context that remained similar. This is especially beneficial if a scene is edited that has already been converging for a long time, because much of the previous result can be reused, e.g., sharp caustics cast or received by the unedited scene parts. In its essence, our method performs the scene modification stochastically by predicting and accounting for the difference image. In addition, we employ two heuristics to handle cases in which stochastic removal is likely to lead to strong noise. Typical scene interactions can be broken down into object adding and removal, material substitution, camera movement and light editing, which we all examine in a number of test scenes both qualitatively and quantitatively. As we focus on caustics, we chose stochastic progressive photon mapping as the underlying light transport algorithm. Further, we show preliminary results of bidirectional path tracing and vertex connection and merging.
Smooth Loops from Unconstrained Video
Authors: Sevilla‐Lara L. , Wulff J. , Sunkavalli K. , Shechtman E. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractConverting unconstrained video sequences into videos that loop seamlessly is an extremely challenging problem. In this work, we take the first steps towards automating this process by focusing on an important subclass of videos containing a single dominant foreground object. Our technique makes two novel contributions over previous work: first, we propose a correspondence‐based similarity metric to automatically identify a good transition point in the video where the appearance and dynamics of the foreground are most consistent. Second, we develop a technique that aligns both the foreground and background about this transition point using a combination of global camera path planning and patch‐based video morphing. We demonstrate that this allows us to create natural, compelling, loopy videos from a wide range of videos collected from the internet.
Motion Aware Exposure Bracketing for HDR Video
Authors: Gryaditskaya Yulia , Pouli Tania , Reinhard Erik , Myszkowski Karol , Seidel Hans‐Peter 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMobile phones and tablets are rapidly gaining significance as omnipresent image and video capture devices. In this context we present an algorithm that allows such devices to capture high dynamic range (HDR) video. The design of the algorithm was informed by a perceptual study that assesses the relative importance of motion and dynamic range. We found that ghosting artefacts are more visually disturbing than a reduction in dynamic range, even if a comparable number of pixels is affected by each. We incorporated these findings into a real‐time, adaptive metering algorithm that seamlessly adjusts its settings to take exposures that will lead to minimal visual artefacts after recombination into an HDR sequence. It is uniquely suitable for real‐time selection of exposure settings. Finally, we present an off‐line HDR reconstruction algorithm that is matched to the adaptive nature of our real‐time metering approach.
Allergy – current insights into prevention and diagnostic workup of immediate‐type allergy and treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis
Authors: Brehler Randolf , Stöcker Benedikt , Grundmann Sonja 
Published: July 2015

SummaryIn recent decades, the incidence of allergic diseases has dramatically increased, by now affecting a large percentage of the population. For a long time, allergen avoidance was considered the most crucial measure in primary allergy prevention. However, studies have increasingly shown that exposure to allergens is an essential prerequisite for the development of immunological tolerance.Diagnostic workup is based on patient history, skin tests, and measurement of specific IgE antibodies. The introduction of component‐based diagnostic workup offer an option to differentiate between primary sensitization and cross‐reactivity caused by sensitization to panallergens or sensitization to cross‐reactive carbohydrate epitopes.Symptomatic treatment only leads to temporary relief of allergic symptoms. By contrast, specific immunotherapy (SIT) may have long‐lasting therapeutic effects and potentially even result in a complete cure. The selection of allergens for SIT is guided by the principle of major allergens. It is recommended to use those preparations that have been proven safe and effective in controlled clinical studies. With respect to subcutaneous immunotherapy, a host of tested and approved extracts are available for a wide range of different allergens. Large clinical trials have also confirmed the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy with grass and also birch pollen extracts, which has led to the official approval of some preparations containing these allergens.
Family peer support work in an early intervention youth mental health service
Authors: Leggatt Margaret , Woodhead Gina 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis paper describes the evolution of a family peer support programme in an early intervention service in Melbourne, Australia. In response to policy directions from Federal and State governments calling for carer participation in public mental health services, and feedback from the families of young people at Orygen Youth Health, the ‘Families Helping Families’ project was developed. The positive acceptance by families of this innovative programme also warrants further exploration. The programme has overcome many organizational hurdles associated with specifically trained and employed family carers working alongside professional mental health clinicians. This article describes the change processes involved in implementing this programme and documents preliminary expressions of the benefits of family peer support. The contribution of lived experience in treatment and consumer care plans needs rigorous research and evaluation.