bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alien Flora of the Himalayan Highlands: Naturalised and Invasive Plants in the Trans-Himalayan region of Ladakh, India
Authors: Zargar Shabir A. , Malik Rayees Ahmad , Khuroo Anzar Ahmad , Ganie Aijaz Hassan , Reshi Zafar A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Biological invasions pose a significant threat to sustenance of biodiversity and ecosystem services, with their incidence expected to rise due to globalization and climate change. Regional inventories of alien species are important for monitoring and managing the biological invasions, particularly in world’s mountains which till recently were immune to invasions but are increasingly becoming vulnerable to invasive species. This study presents the first comprehensive inventory and status assessment of the alien flora in Ladakh – a remote and unique biogeographic region in Indian Trans-Himalaya. Based on field data collected from 2018 to 2023, we provide taxonomic composition of alien flora in Ladakh, including information on invasion status (cultivated, naturalized and invasive), biogeographic affiliation, habitat and life-form characteristics, and pathways of introduction. In total, we recorded 104 alien plant species, accounting ∼ 5.7% to the region's flora. Of these, 24 alien species are under cultivation, while the remaining 80 are aliens growing in wild, with 52 naturalized and 28 invasive. The most species-rich families are Asteraceae (20 species), Amaranthaceae (12 species), Poaceae (7 species), Salicaceae (6 species), and Fabaceae (5 species). Most alien species in the region are native to temperate Asia (34 species), followed by Europe (30 species). The alien species primarily colonize human-dominated habitats, such as roadsides and agricultural fields. Additionally, we found that the elevational distribution of the alien species richness in the region exhibits a unimodal hump-shaped pattern, with the highest number of alien species (73 species) occurring between 2600–3000 meters. The elevational width and maximum elevation of alien species was positively correlated with the maximum elevation in their native region. In an era of rising risks of climate change and rapid land-use transformation in the Himalayan highlands, this first assessment of the alien flora of the Ladakh will foster further research, inform early eradication, and guide pro-active plant invasion management in the region, with lessons for such environments elsewhere.
Inter-Subject Correlations in Eating Disorder Symptoms and its Link with Amygdala Activation Strength and Pattern When Processing Angry Faces
Authors: Chuqiao Wei , Hu Ying , Li Xiang , Gao Yuanyuan , Im Hohjin , Zhu Yingying , Jiang Keying , Zhu Wenwei , Zhao Guang , Jia Xuji , Niu Xin , Chen Xiongying , Wang He , Wang Qiang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

A key characteristic of eating disorders is atypical activity in the amygdala. However, risk factors for the development of eating disorder symptomology (EDS) and their underlying neural mechanisms are not well understood in non-clinical populations. We examined the role of amygdala reactivity to negative facial emotions in anorexia nervosa symptomology (ANS) and bulimia nervosa symptomology (BNS) using a classical face-matching task and an inter-subject representational similarity analysis (IS-RSA). Behavioral analyses showed a sequential-mediation effect, tracing a path from greed personality trait → depression → body dysmorphic disorder → EDS/ANS. Imaging analyses revealed that individuals with high EDS had decreased amygdala reactivity and altered activation patterns in the amygdala and visual pathways when processing angry faces. We found that variations in amygdala activation and its connectivity with the visual pathway mediated the effect of depression on EDS/ANS, but not BNS. Individuals with similar EDS showed similar spontaneous brain activity patterns, especially in regions associated with the default mode network, frontal-parietal network, visual network (VIS), and attention network. We also observed sequence-mediation effects, e.g., depression → VIS → body dysmorphic disorder → EDS/ANS, but not BNS. These findings highlight the role of amygdala activation in understanding eating disorders and the potential influence of greed personality traits and depression on disordered eating symptoms through the amygdala-visual pathway connection in non-clinical populations.
Triterpene esters from Uncaria rhynchophylla hooks are able as new selective inhibitors on HIV-1 protease and their molecular docking study
Authors: Lee JiSuk 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Despite the remarkable advancements achieved with combination anti-retroviral agents (cART), the complete eradication of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a formidable challenge due to various factors including adverse effects, adherence issues, and the emergence of viral resistance to existing therapies. Consequently, there is an urgent need for the development of safer and more effective drugs to combat modern resistant viral strains and advance acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) therapeutics. Eight triterpene esters (1–8) were identified from Uncaria rhynchophylla hooks. These compounds exhibited selective inhibition of HIV-1 protease, with 3β-hydroxy-27-p-Z-coumaroyloxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (8), showing the most potent inhibitory activity. Structure-activity relationship analysis highlighted the importance of an ursane moiety, a cis configuration, and a p-coumaroyloxy group for inhibitory activity. In silico docking results elucidate specific amino acid residues Asp29B, Lys45B, and Asn25A, interacting with the aromatic hydroxyl group at 7′, and carboxylic acid at 28. In addition, it interacts via π/anion and π/alkyl and alkyl hydrophobic interactions responsible for interactions and their mode of action. The study suggests that triterpene esters from U. rhynchophylla could represent a new class of selective HIV-1 protease inhibitors with less toxicity, suitable for combination antiretroviral therapy for AIDS.
Auditor: Accounting Data Handling Toolbox for Opportunistic Resources
Authors: Boehler Michael , von Cube Florian , Fischer Max , Giffles Manuel , Kleinemühl Raphael , Kroboth Stefan , Rottler Benjamin , Sammel Dirk , Schnepf Matthias , Schumacher Markus , Vijayakumar Raghuvar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Increasing computing demands and concerns about energy efficiency in high-performance and highthroughput computing are driving forces in the search for more efficient ways to use available resources. Sharing resources of an underutilised cluster with a high workload cluster increases the efficiency of the underutilised cluster. The software COBalD/TARDIS can dynamically and transparently integrate and disintegrate such resources.
However, sharing resources also requires accounting. AUDITOR (Accounting Data Handling Toolbox for Opportunistic Resources) is a modular accounting ecosystem that is able to cover a wide range of use cases and infrastructures. Accounting data are gathered via so-called collectors, which are designed to monitor batch systems, COBalD/TARDIS, cloud schedulers or other sources of information. The data is stored in a database, and access to the data is handled by the core component of AUDITOR, which provides a REST API along both Rust and a Python client libraries. So-called plugins can take actions based on accounting records.
Depending on the use case, one simply selects a suitable collector and plugin from a growing ecosystem of collectors and plugins. To facilitate the development of collectors and plugins for yet uncovered use cases by the community, libraries for interacting with AUDITOR are provided.
Insights from 3D Echocardiography: Unveiling the Prognostic Value of RV Function in Pulmonary Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Authors: Ahmad Ashfaq , Wang Xiaoyu , Li Lingling , Liu Ting , Fan Fen-Ling 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The role of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension (PH) has garnered increasing interest in terms of outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the prognostic utility of three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) derived right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) in PH.
Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed using MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus databases for publication reporting the hazard ratio (HR) of 3DE-derived RVEF in PH patients for the clinical end-points of composite outcome or all-cause mortality.
Results
Nine articles totaling 885 subjects were included, among which 67.23% had pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), with the remainder having a range of PH etiologies. The mean value of 3DE-derived RVEF was 35.5 ± 9.07% reflecting impaired RV function. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality in three studies while the rest of the studies reported composite outcomes. Follow-up duration ranges from 6 months to 44 months. From seven publications the pooled HR by 3DE-derived RVEF was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85 to 0.97, p = 0.001; heterogeneity: I2 = 62%, p = 0.004). In subgroup analysis, 3DE-derived RVEF was a significant prognostic factor for group 1 PH (HR: 0.90, CI: 0.86–0.94; heterogeneity I2 = 43%, p < 0.0001). From meta-regression analysis, only follow-up duration was found statistically significant with the HR of RVEF in the population (estimate: 0.028, p = 0.026).
Conclusion
3DE-derived RVEF provides important prognostic value in a large and mixed population of PH patients. Further accumulation of evidence is needed to perform a detailed subgroup analysis in each type of PH.
From heat wave Zoe to heat wave Vera: a two-year ex post evaluation of the categorization and naming heat wave system ProMeteo in Seville, Spain
Authors: Martin-Olalla Jose Maria , Baharav Yuval , Kalkstein Laurence , Sheridan Scott , Shickman Kurt , McLeod Kathy Baughman , Wellenius Gregory A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The heat wave Zoe in Seville (Spain) (July 24th, 2022) was the first heat wave event named after a health-based categorization system. It was followed in 2023 by their
siblings Yago, Xenia, Wenceslao, and Vera. We report here how the pilot project ProMeteo addressed the forecast, and the main climatic characteristics of the heat waves identified during those years. We also provided a comparison between model expectations and observed daily mortality.
Understanding the Contribution of Primary and Community Services to Health System Resilience During the COVID19 Pandemic in Aotearoa, New Zealand: A Qualitative Interview Study
Authors: Burholt Vanessa , Wiles Janine , Schneller Alison 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic, an unprecedented event, exposed varying levels of preparedness across health systems. This study examines the resilience of primary health and community services in Aotearoa New Zealand, focusing on their response to the needs of unpaid caregivers and older care recipients during the pandemic’s first waves. The objective is to inform future disaster preparedness and enhance health system resilience.
Methods
A multidisciplinary research team conducted qualitative research involving semi-structured interviews with service providers (SPs) who provided primary or community home-based services, care, support or information to older people and/or their caregivers across Aotearoa New Zealand. Views were sought from five service provider groups: national organisations, Māori, Pacific, or rural providers and dementia services. Data were collected between July 7 and October 4, 2020. Interviews focused on innovative practices, resources, and organizational settings. Notes from interviews were revised and validated by participants. Thematic coding and analysis were performed using NVivo 14 software to identify key themes and strategies.
Results
Twenty SP staff (Chief Executive Officers and representatives) from National (4), Māori (3), Pacific (5), rural (4), and regional dementia service (4) providers) were interviewed. Participants had 0-21 years in post (Mean=7.37, SD=6.56). Telephone interviews lasted 30-45 minutes. Government support, coordination by Civil Defence Emergency Management groups, and regional communication influenced SP resilience. Challenges included access to personal protective equipment (PPE), staffing, identifying vulnerable people, digital access, and accessing residential care facilities. Innovative practices and remote communication were essential for service continuity.
Conclusions
Aotearoa New Zealand managed COVID-19 effectively, but the pandemic exposed areas for improvement in health system resilience. Examples of absorptive and adaptive resilience in SPs’ and government responses highlighted both strengths and weaknesses. Insights from these experiences can inform transformative resilience, necessitating long-term strategic changes to address vulnerabilities and enhance capacity, ensuring the health system’s robustness and sustainability for future crises.
Impact of Helicobacter pylori infection on neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric cancer: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Zhong Bin , Xiong Zhizhong , Zheng Jiabo , Mohamed Saddam Ahmed , Sun Jiachen , Huang Dayin , Deng Zijian , Guo Jianping , Peng Junsheng , Wang Huashe , Lian Lei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection may affect the efficacy of immunotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients. However, the role of H. pylori infection in neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) remains unclear. This study investigated the effect of H. pylori infection on neoadjuvant chemotherapy and prognosis of patients with LAGC.
Methods
This retrospective study utilized data from patients with LAGC who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical treatment at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 1, 2010, to January 31, 2021. Patients were grouped according to their H. pylori infection status. The responses of the two groups to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and oncological outcomes were then compared.
Results
A total of 239 patients were included in the analysis, and the baseline characteristics of the H. pylori-positive (n = 51) and H. pylori-negative (n = 188) groups were comparable. Further analysis revealed that H. pylori infection was significantly associated with the major pathological response (P = 0.009). Multivariate analysis showed that factors related to major pathological response included; age ≤ 50 (OR: 0.423, 95% CI: 0.194–0.925), H. pylori infection (OR: 0.396, 95% CI: 0.183–0.854), pathological stage T 3/4 (OR: 0.524, 95% CI: 0.288–0.954), and CA125 > 35 U/mL (OR: 0.345, 95% CI: 0.132–0.904). Both overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were poorer in the H. pylori-positive group than in the H. pylori-negative group (OS: Log-Rank P = 0.035; DFS: Log-Rank P = 0.029).
Conclusion
This cohort study indicated that H. pylori infection may be associated with tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and survival outcomes in patients with LAGC.
Application of the Pecarn Prediction Rule for Febrile Infants up to 90 Days of Age: A Multi- Center Study
Authors: Hameed Tahir , Almadani Salma , Shahin Walaa , Ardah Husam , Almaghrabi Walaa , Alhabdan Mohammed , Alfaidi Ahmed , Abuthamerah Asma , Alahmadi Manar , Almalki Malik , Aldabbagh Mona 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Prediction rules using biomarkers to stratify young febrile infants at low risk for bacterial infections have been developed over the last decade in North America and Europe. The aim of this study was to validate the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) prediction rule for febrile infants 90 days of age and younger presenting to the emergency department (ED) in tertiary care centers in Saudi Arabia.
Methods
A multi-center retrospective study was conducted on febrile infants who presented to the ED at 3 Saudi hospitals between January 2018 and June 2021. Patients were included if they were full-term, 0–90 days of age, had documented fever, and procalcitonin (PCT) performed.
Results
A total of 327 patients met inclusion criteria. Fifty-three patients (16.2%) had SBIs, 33 with UTI alone and 20 invasive bacterial infections (IBIs) (bacteremia and/or bacterial meningitis). The mean absolute neutrophil count was 6.6 x 109/L in infants with SBIs as compared to 4.3 x 109/L in infants without SBIs (p = 0.0015). The mean PCT was 8.7 ng/mL in those with SBIs versus 0.5 ng/mL in those without SBIs (p < 0.0001). Nine patients who were classified as low-risk according to the PECARN rule had SBIs; 7 were infants with UTIs and 2 were infants under 3 weeks of age with IBIs. The sensitivity and negative predictive value of the PECARN prediction rule for SBIs was 80.4% and 92.1%, respectively.
Conclusions
SBIs are common in our population, and the PECARN prediction rule performed well in classifying febrile infants at low risk for SBIs. The prediction rule was very accurate in ruling out IBIs, with no misclassified cases in infants 3 weeks of age and older. Our study helps validate the applicability of the PECARN prediction rule in our setting.
The association between physical activity and depressive symptoms in U.S. adults is modulated by sleep duration: gender disparities
Authors: Yang Juxiang , Zheng Xi , Wang Yi , Wang Hongchu , Song Gang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study is to explore the independent and joint associations between physical activity (PA) and sleep duration with depressive symptoms.
Methods
We included and analyzed 18,052 participants (age ≥ 20 years) from the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2007 and 2014.
Results
After adjustment, both males and females showed a significant correlation between PA, sleep duration, and depressive symptoms. In the joint association analysis, we found: 1. The interaction between PA and sleep duration was statistically significant in males but not significant in females (P = 0.380). 2. Compared to individuals with the lowest PA level and not meeting the National Sleep Foundation's (NSF) guidelines, those with the highest PA level and recommended sleep duration had a 79% decrease in depression risk in males (odds ratio [OR] 0.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.14–0.32) and a 74% decrease in females (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.20–0.35). 3. In male participants adhering to NSF guidelines, each increase in PA quartile is associated with a 19% reduction in the risk of depression (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.71–0.92). Conversely, among male participants not adhering to NSF guidelines, there is a 23% decrease in depression risk (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.69–0.86). For female participants, the respective reductions in depression risk are 20% (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.73–0.89) and 14% (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.80–0.93).
Conclusion
For males, adherence to recommended sleep duration weakens the relationship between physical activity and depression, while the opposite is observed for females.
Laparoscopic versus transanal pelvic exenteration for locally advanced rectal cancer: A comparative study of perioperative and oncological outcomes
Authors: Nonaka Takashi , Tominaga Tetsuro , Shiraishi Toshio , Hashimoto Shintaro , Kaido Oishi , Noda Keisuke , Sawai Terumitsu , Matsumoto Keitaro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to retrospectively compare the surgical and oncological outcomes of laparoscopic and transanal pelvic exenteration (PE) for locally advanced rectal cancer.
Methods
Patients who underwent laparoscopic PE (L-PE, 6 patients) or transanal PE (Ta-PE, 17 patients) between April 2016 and September 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.
Results
Compared to the L-PE group, the Ta-PE group exhibited a shorter intraoperative time (P = 0.042) and higher anal sphincter preservation rate (P = 0.045). There were no significant differences in other perioperative clinical outcomes between the two groups. The median value for follow-up duration was 32 months and there were no differences in the 5-year overall survival (L-PE versus Ta-PE: 69.3% versus 19.7%; P = 0.155), disease-free survival (L-PE versus Ta-PE: 22.2% versus 45.4%; P = 0.494) or local recurrence-free survival (L-PE versus Ta-PE: 60.0% versus 93.8%; P = 0.189) rates.
Conclusions
Ta-PE is a promising approach for locally advanced rectal cancer in terms of improving perioperative outcomes compared with L-PE.
Can MLLMs Replace Humans in Writing Chinese Children’s Fairy Tales Based on Pictures?
Authors: Zhou Dibin , Liu Fuchang , Liu Wenhao , Du Jing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In the field of children's education, MLLMs have already been used to generate children's educational materials. Can MLLMs replace humans in writing Chinese children’s fairy tales based on pictures? This paper attempts to answer this question through three experiments involving 50 undergraduate students, 30 first-grade students, 81 second-grade students, and 917 parents to evaluate the content of children's fairy tales and assess parents' responses in different stimuli and conformity conditions. We found that the "generalization" and "discrimination" situations have no significant effect on parents' willingness to recommend MLLM-generated stories. Furthermore, the moderating effect of conformity also does not have a positive effect under the "generalization" situation. However, perceived content similarity and attitude towards the generated stories play mediating roles in the willingness to recommend. This study concludes that as long as MLLM-generated stories are similar to human-written stories, parents' willingness to recommend these generated children's stories is not influenced by stimuli and conformity effects. Similarly, people's inherent attitudes towards generated stories will not be easily changed by stimuli and conformity effects.
Application Of Tissue Engineering Tools in the treatment of rotator cuff injuries: a bibliometric and visual analysis
Authors: Meng Xiangji , Yang Yuxia , Zhang Jian , Dai Jihang , Wang Jingcheng , Fei Wenyong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background Rotator cuff injury is one of the common injuries of the motor system, which is often manifested as shoulder joint pain, limited movement, weakness and even atrophy of the muscles around the shoulder joint, accounting for 50% ~ 85% of shoulder diseases. Tissue engineering uses synthetic or natural biological materials as scaffolds, combined with seed cells and cytokines to construct implants to repair tissue defects, replace or rebuild the structure of organs, and maintain or improve the function of tissues and organs. In recent years, the application of tissue engineering tools to the tendine-bone interface in addressing rotator cuff injury has emerged as a prominent research area. However, no authors have conducted bibliometric and visual analysis in this field.Methods In this study, articles related to muscular dystrophy omics research since 2000 were retrieved from WoSCC, and analyzed statistically and visually by CiteSpace, VOSViewer and R.Results A total of 340 papers were collected in this study, and the number of papers is increasing year by year. The papers were published in 150 journals by 1,588 co-authors from 450 institutions in 35 countries. A total of 16,116 papers in 2,758 journals were cited. Authors from US institutions published the most papers and were cited the most, and authors from other countries also made considerable contributions.Conclusion This is the first time that the published research results in the field of rotator cuff injury tissue engineering have been bibliometric and visualized through systematic data retrieval combined with a variety of bibliometric analysis tools. Through these data, we summarized the previous research of scholars and prospected the future research in this field.