bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Prevalence of F2 20210G > A in Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis and Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Patients with Thrombosis in Atypical Sites
Authors: Khaddam Dalia , McRae Hannah L. , Schwarz Nadine , Oldenburg Johannes , Pötzsch Bernd , Rühl Heiko , Reda Sara 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction Atypical sites for thrombosis include deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the upper extremity (UE-DVT), splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT), and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). In addition to specific pathogenic factors, their underlying mechanisms share similarities with typical venous thromboembolism (VTE), namely, DVT of the lower extremity and/or pulmonary embolism, but are less understood.
Methods Records of unselected patients with a history of typical VTE (n = 2,011), UE-DVT (n = 117), SVT (n = 83), and CVST (n = 82), who were referred to the Institute in Bonn for ambulatory thrombophilia testing, were retrospectively analyzed. Acquired and hereditary thrombosis risk factors were comparatively assessed.
Results UE-DVT was characterized by a high rate (50.4%) of site-specific acquired risk factors. Compared with typical VTE, SVT was more frequently associated with systemic inflammation, infection, or malignancy (2.2 vs. 12.0%, p = 3·10−8) and the JAK2 V617F mutation was present in 16.9%. In CVST compared with typical VTE, demographics and higher rates of oral contraception (43.2 vs. 57.6%, p = 0.011) and pregnancy (4.2 vs. 10.9%, p = 0.012) suggest a significant hormonal influence on etiology. While the prevalence of inhibitor deficiencies and factor V Leiden mutation did not differ between cohorts, the prevalence of F2 20210G > A was higher in SVT (15.7%, p = 0.003) and CVST (15.9%, p = 0.003) than in typical VTE (7.0%).
Conclusion The cohorts with thrombosis in atypical sites showed distinctive patterns of acquired risk factors. Further studies are warranted to provide additional mechanistic insight into the role of hormonal influence in CVST and the contribution of F2 20210G > A to the development of SVT and CVST.
Two Olea europaea L. Extracts Reduce Harmful Effects in a Model of Neurotoxicity: Involvement of the Endoplasmic Reticulum
Authors: Maiuolo Jessica , Bonacci Sonia , Bosco Francesca , Guarnieri Lorenza , Ruga Stefano , Leo Antonio , Citraro Rita , Ragusa Salvatore , Palma Ernesto , Mollace Vincenzo , De Sarro Giovambattista 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProlonged exposure to lead has been recognized as harmful to human health as it may cause neurotoxic effects including mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, excitotoxicity, and myelin formation alterations, among others. Numerous data have shown that consuming olive oil and its valuable components could reduce neurotoxicity and degenerative conditions. Olive oil is traditionally obtained from olive trees; this plant (Olea europaea L.) is an evergreen fruit tree.In this manuscript, two extracts have been used and compared: the extract from the leaves of Olea europaea L. (OE) and the extract derived from OE but with a further sonication process (s-OE). Therefore, the objectives of this experimental work were as follows: 1) to generate an innovative extract; 2) to test both extracts on a model of neurotoxicity of human neurons induced following lead exposure; and 3) to study the mechanisms behind lead-induced neurotoxicity.The results showed that the mechanism involved in the neurotoxicity of lead included dysfunction of the cellular endoplasmic reticulum, which suffered oxidative damage. In addition, in all experiments, s-OE was more effective than OE, having greater and better effects against lead-induced damage and being dissolved in a smaller amount of EtOH, which promotes its sustainability.
Stereoselective Synthetic Routes to Iminosugars: A Divergent Approach Utilizing a Common Multifunctional Chiral Scaffold
Authors: Datta Apurba , Pashikanti Srinath 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStarting from an l-serine-derived multifunctional aminobutenolide as a common chiral building block, stereoselective synthetic routes to representative examples of di-, tri-, and tetrahydroxylated iminosugars have been developed. Key steps in the synthetic routes involved an intramolecular aminolysis protocol to form the azaheterocyclic core, and functionalization of a resident alkene moiety towards installation of the desired substituents at the various positions of the piperidine ring. The strategy and the approach described are expected to provide flexible synthetic routes to various iminosugar scaffolds of structural and medicinal chemical significance.
Impact of Tongue-in-Groove Technique on Smile and Lip Position: A Comparative Analysis with and without Septal Extension Graft
Authors: Farhbaksh Farbod , Sazgar Amir Arvin , Saedi Babak 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study was conducted to compare the outcomes of the tongue-in-groove (TIG) technique with and without septal extension graft (SEG) on smile and lip position in rhinoplasty. Fifty-eight rhinoplasty patients, treated at a tertiary referral center between 2020 and 2022, underwent preoperative and 12-month postoperative evaluations, using the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS) and the visual analog scale (VAS). The preoperative and 12-month postoperative photographs were analyzed using Adobe Photoshop to assess changes in lip and smile positions. The study included 38 patients in the TIG with SEG group and 20 patients in the TIG without SEG group. The participants, with an average age of 32.12 ± 7.97 years, comprised 81% females. In terms of surgical outcomes, postoperative evaluations revealed significant improvements in the VAS aesthetic score, SCHNOS-O score, and SCHNOS-C score compared with preoperative scores (p < 0.001) for both groups. Notably, both groups demonstrated significant improvements in the upper lip length, nasolabial angle (NLA), columellar inclination (CI) angle, and smile NLA. Patients in the SEG group exhibited markedly superior SCHNOS-O results, as well as distinctions in smile NLA and smile CI, compared with the group without SEG. The impact of rhinoplasty techniques on lip and smile remains complex requiring further evaluation. Both of the TIG techniques, with and without SEG, resulted in positive outcomes in terms of improving lip and smile positions, with the use of SEG demonstrating greater stability during a smile.
Single-Leg Countermovement Jump Compensation Assessment: Content
Validity of a Checklist
Authors: Barrio Ekaitz Dudagoitia , Hernández-García Raquel , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Garcia-Atutxa Igor , Villanueva-Flores Francisca , García-de-Alcaraz Antonio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractJump actions are common in several sports, and their performance is related to a
myriad of biomechanical and physiological factors, with links to athletic
performance and imbalances. Currently, a valid, field-based, easy-to-use tool to
assess the quality of an explosive jump movement, similar to the required sports
movements, is unavailable. Thus, the present study aimed to design and validate
a field-based, easy-to-use tool that can be used to assess the quality of
movement during an explosive single-leg countermovement jump (SL-CMJ). Ten
experts participated in the content validation process for the checklist,
including checking item relevance, definition accuracy, and scoring adequacy.
Content validity was measured using the Aikens V format. The checklist included
the items “Foot orientation,” “Knee valgus/varus,” “Internal/external hip flexed
orientation,” “Pelvis tilt,” “Thorax tilt,” “Thorax rotation,” “Foot
pronation/supination,” “Asymmetrical hip,” and “Lumbo-pelvic association”. The
items achieved a 0.60–0.99 in relevance, 0.70–1.00 in definition accuracy, and
0.80–0.83 in scoring adequacies in the Aikens V proof. The results from the
context validation process suggest that the tool may be appropriate to assess
athletesʼ quality of explosive movement. Furthermore, the results derived from
such assessments may help to design better and safer training interventions.
An Efficient Promising Direction for the Synthesis of Dispirotripiperazine (6-6-6 DSTP) Core
Authors: Pesyan Nader Noroozi , Golmohammadi Mahsa , Şahin Ertan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA new and facile route for the one-pot synthesis of 3,12-dicyano-3,6,9,12-tetraazadispiro[5.2.59.26]hexadecane-6,9-diium dibromide as a dispirotripiperazine source was introduced by the simple reaction of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) with cyanogen bromide (BrCN) under mild condition at room temperature. The hydrolysis of dicyanamide moieties in the prepared dispiro compound gave 3,12-diaza-6,9-diazoniadispiro[5.2.5.2]hexadecane dibromide with the dispirotripiperazine (6-6-6) core. The molecular structure of the new compound was characterized by FT-IR, 1H, 13C, HSQC NMR spectroscopy, mass and CHN analysis, and X-ray crystallography technique.
CAPOS Syndrome with Fluctuating Symptoms
Authors: Wang Paul , Cha Yoon-Hee 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe report a patient with CAPOS syndrome (Cerebellar ataxia, Areflexia, Pes cavus, Optic atrophy, and Sensorineural hearing loss) with classic features who also exhibited fluctuating vestibulocochlear symptoms that met the criteria for Meniere's disease. A male patient was initially symptomatic at 13 months of age with ataxia and loss of deep tendon reflexes in the setting of fever. This was followed by the development of baseline ataxia with superimposed spells of vertigo and ataxia, progressive hearing loss with episodic fluctuations, optic atrophy, pes cavus, and areflexia. Spells lasted minutes to hours and were frequently triggered by ambient heat and fever. He was diagnosed with a de novo pathogenic variant p.Glu818Lys mutation in ATP1A3. We provide detailed clinical features of this case, a summary of CAPOS cases reported to date, and an overview of allelically related syndromes.
Medium-Term Patient-Reported Outcomes after Surgical Management of Perilunate Injury: A Multiinstitutional Experience
Authors: Gabig Andrew M. , Payne Samuel H. , Whitsett Adam , Kebede Sara , Patel Avani A. , Knaus William , Ghareeb Paul 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background There is a lack of consensus on the optimal treatment of perilunate injuries (PLIs). Open reduction with internal fixation with scapholunate (SL) ligament repair is recommended; however, procedures such as lunotriquetral (LT) ligament repair, carpal tunnel release (CTR), proximal row carpectomy, denervation, and arthrodesis may also be used.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after surgical management of PLIs.
Methods A retrospective review of surgically treated PLIs at two institutions in a major metropolitan city from 2014 to 2020 was conducted. Demographics, radiographic data, and details of surgical management were reviewed. PROs were prospectively collected and analyzed.
Results Eighty-seven patients with surgically managed PLIs were identified. The average time to surgery was 4 ± 7days. Twenty-six percent of patients presented with acute median neuropathy. Thirty-seven patients provided PROs for analysis. Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation scores were 22 ± 12.9, 14.4 ± 11.3, and 37 ± 22 for pain, function, and total scores, respectively. Satisfaction was 7 ± 3 Sixteen percent of patients were unable to maintain employment due to their injury. The interval to return to work was 6.3 ± 7.7 months.
Conclusion PLIs cause significant morbidity and affect patients' ability to return to work. While open reduction with SL repair is routinely performed to treat PLIs, additional procedures may be considered. Undergoing concurrent CTR in the absence of neurological symptoms showed no differences in outcomes.
Level of Evidence Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Hepatic Peliosis and Hemorrhage after Anabolic Steroid Abuse
Authors: Hegde Kausthubh , Sutphin Patrick D. , An Thomas J. , Kalva Sanjeeva P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAnabolic steroid abuse has become prevalent in modern society, with many athletes and bodybuilders using these substances for their performance-enhancing effects. A significant concern related to anabolic steroid abuse is the potential development of androgen-associated liver tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma and adenomas. Anabolic steroid abuse has also been associated with hepatic vascular abnormalities like hepatic peliosis, a rare condition characterized by blood-filled cavities within the liver parenchyma. Hepatic peliosis can present with nonspecific symptoms or remain asymptomatic, making it difficult to diagnose without appropriate imaging studies. In this case report, the authors describe the imaging findings and management of two patients with intrahepatic bleeding associated with anabolic steroid consumption.
Political tie diversity and inclusion at work in Asia: a critical view and a roadmap
Authors: Özbilgin Mustafa F. , Erbil Cihat , Gündoğdu Nur 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDiversity and inclusion scholarship addresses inequality at work across categories of difference marked with historical disadvantages such as gender, ethnicity, disability, sexual orientation, and class or categories meaningful for the industrial, organisational or local settings. This scholarship has not considered political ties to be a diversity strand. However, political ties are a considerable source of uneven power relations, unearned privileges, and unjust discrimination in many contexts. Similarly, political ties could be sources of disadvantage, exclusion and discrimination for individuals with weak, absent or oppositional political affiliations. Our paper focuses on the Asian context, where political ties are often a legitimate human and institutional resource that can shape individual choices and chances at work. By defining political ties as a diversity and inclusion strand, we critique the legitimacy of political ties as a dominant and desirable resource and present political tie discrimination as a wicked social problem that entrenches uneven relations of power and authority in workplaces. Highlighting how political affiliation manifests across different national contexts in Asia, we explore the utility of adding political ties to the Asian vernacular to regulate workplace diversity and inclusion. Asia provides an interesting context in which the interplay between political affiliation and workplace relations is often culturally endorsed, remains unregulated and unscrutinised through ethical and anti-discrimination regulations. Thus, Asia provides an ideal setting to explore the emergence of political tie diversity and inclusion at work. We illustrate this through country-specific examples, illustrating the cross-national varieties of political tie diversity in the Asian business context. We also suggest a roadmap to manage political tie diversity and inclusion for this context.
Exploring fracture of H-BN and graphene by neural network force fields
Authors: Shi Pengjie , Xu Zhiping 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Extreme mechanical processes such as strong lattice distortion and bond breakage during fracture often lead to catastrophic failure of materials and structures. Understanding the nucleation and growth of cracks is challenged by their multiscale characteristics spanning from atomic-level structures at the crack tip to the structural features where the load is applied. Atomistic simulations offer ‘first-principles’ tools to resolve the progressive microstructural changes at crack fronts and are widely used to explore the underlying processes of mechanical energy dissipation, crack path selection, and dynamic instabilities (e.g. kinking, branching). Empirical force fields developed based on atomic-level structural descriptors based on atomic positions and the bond orders do not yield satisfying predictions of fracture, especially for the nonlinear, anisotropic stress–strain relations and the energy densities of edges. High-fidelity force fields thus should include the tensorial nature of strain and the energetics of bond-breaking and (re)formation events during fracture, which, unfortunately, have not been taken into account in either the state-of-the-art empirical or machine-learning force fields. Based on data generated by density functional theory calculations, we report a neural network-based force field for fracture (NN-F3) constructed by using the end-to-end symmetry preserving framework of deep potential—smooth edition (DeepPot-SE). The workflow combines pre-sampling of the space of strain states and active-learning techniques to explore the transition states at critical bonding distances. The capability of NN-F3 is demonstrated by studying the rupture of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and twisted bilayer graphene as model problems. The simulation results elucidate the roughening physics of fracture defined by the lattice asymmetry in h-BN, explaining recent experimental findings, and predict the interaction between cross-layer cracks in twisted graphene bilayers, which leads to a toughening effect.
A study on 3D LiDAR-based point cloud object detection using an enhanced PointPillars network
Authors: Tao Zeyu , Su Jianqiang , Zhang Jinjing , Liu Liqiang , Fu Yaxiong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The PointPillar target detection algorithm is a mainstream 3D lidar point cloud target detection algorithm that has a fast response speed but low detection accuracy. Addressing the problem of the low detection accuracy of the PointPillar target detection network, we propose an improved PointPillar target detection algorithm that integrates an attention mechanism. The algorithm first introduces the attention mechanism and strengthens the feature extraction module based on PointPillar to realize the amplification of the local information in the three scale feature maps and to better extract the more important feature information. Then, our algorithm adds an anchor free type detector head to further optimize the detector head module. The experimental results show that the optimized PointPillar target detection algorithm has achieved good test results in the KITTI data set. Under medium difficulty, the AOS mode mAP reaches 79.76%, the 3D mode mAP reaches 82.03%, and the BEV mode mAP reaches 82.30%. Compared with that of other point cloud target detection algorithms, the detection accuracy of our algorithm is improved by approximately 10%.
PET quantification performance of the oversize-volume-of-interest approach in the context of tumour dosimetry in radionuclide therapy planning
Authors: Hammersen Noah , Jentzen Walter , Stawitzki Florian , Herrmann Ken , Kersting David , Fragoso Costa Pedro , Moraitis Alexandros 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective. The partial-volume effect (PVE) is an important factor impairing tumour quantification in molecular imaging. The commonly used contour-volume-of-interest (contour-VOI) approach to correct for this effect employs phantom-based recovery coefficients. Applying oversize-VOIs could offer superior quantification accuracy in small lesions. The oversize-VOI approach uses a large oversize volume to determine the total tumour activity after applying a background correction. Aims of this study were to provide a procedure for the application of the oversize-VOI approach and to compare its performance to the contour-VOI approach in PET imaging. Approach. A sphere tumour model was simulated to determine the oversize diameter that contained 90%, 95%, and 98% of the total activity as a function of the tumour size. Experimental investigations involving phantom and clinical data were conducted on a digital PET/CT scanner. In the phantom investigation, 12 spherical tumour inserts (diameters ranging from 3.7 to 37.4 mm) containing 18F-solution were used. The accuracy of the contour- and oversize-VOI approach was evaluated for different signal-to-background ratios (20–3). Clinically, both approaches were applied on PET/CT images acquired with 18F-labelled prostate-specific membrane antigen in prostate cancer patients. Main results. From the tumour model, we deduced that an oversize-VOI of two PET spatial resolutions larger than the physical lesion diameter contains at least 98% of the total activity for lesions with diameters down to one PET spatial resolution, while minimizing the background contribution. Both approaches were robust against varying phantom and clinical imaging conditions. Performance of the oversize-VOI approach was favorable for lesions below 10 mm in diameter, whereas the contour-VOI approach was slightly more accurate for sizes above 10 mm. Significance. The oversize-VOI approach facilitates image quantification of small tumours. It is simple and effective to correct for the PVE and may be used in pre-therapeutic (small) tumour dosimetry.
In vivo quantitative SPECT imaging of actinium-226: feasibility and proof-of-concept
Authors: Koniar Helena , Wharton Luke , Ingham Aidan , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Cristina , Kunz Peter , Radchenko Valery , Yang Hua , Rahmim Arman , Uribe Carlos , Schaffer Paul 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective. 225Ac radiopharmaceuticals have tremendous potential for targeted alpha therapy, however, 225Ac (t
1/2 = 9.9 d) lacks direct gamma emissions for in vivo imaging. 226Ac (t
1/2 = 29.4 h) is a promising element-equivalent matched diagnostic radionuclide for preclinical evaluation of 225Ac radiopharmaceuticals. 226Ac has two gamma emissions (158 keV and 230 keV) suitable for SPECT imaging. This work is the first feasibility study for in vivo quantitative 226Ac SPECT imaging and validation of activity estimation. Approach. 226Ac was produced at TRIUMF (Vancouver, Canada) with its Isotope Separator and Accelerator (ISAC) facility. [226Ac]Ac3+ was radiolabelled with the bioconjugate crown-TATE developed for therapeutic targeting of neuroendocrine tumours. Mice with AR42J tumour xenografts were injected with either 2 MBq of [226Ac]Ac-crown-TATE or 4 MBq of free [226Ac]Ac3+ activity and were scanned at 1, 2.5, 5, and 24 h post injection in a preclinical microSPECT/CT. Quantitative SPECT images were reconstructed from the 158 keV and 230 keV photopeaks with attenuation, background, and scatter corrections. Image-based 226Ac activity measurements were assessed from volumes of interest within tumours and organs of interest. Imaging data was compared with ex vivo biodistribution measured via gamma counter. Main results. We present, to the best of our knowledge, the first ever in vivo quantitative SPECT images of 226Ac activity distributions. Time-activity curves derived from SPECT images quantify the in vivo biodistribution of [226Ac]Ac-crown-TATE and free [226Ac]Ac3+ activity. Image-based activity measurements in the tumours and organs of interest corresponded well with ex vivo biodistribution measurements. Significance. Here in, we established the feasibility of in vivo
226Ac quantitative SPECT imaging for accurate measurement of actinium biodistribution in a preclinical model. This imaging method could facilitate more efficient development of novel actinium labelled compounds by providing accurate quantitative in vivo pharmacokinetic information essential for estimating toxicities, dosimetry, and therapeutic potency.