bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Synergistic Effects of Shear Stress and Cyclic Hydrostatic Pressure Modulate Chondrogenic Induction of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Hosseini Motahare-Sadat , Tafazzoli-Shadpour Mohammad , Haghighipour Nooshin , Aghdami Naser , Goodarzi Alireza 
Published: November 2015

Purpose In this study, we examined chondrogenic regulation of 2 types of mesenchymal stem cells seeded on the bioengineered substrate in monolayer cultures under mechanically defined conditions to mimic the in vivo microenvironment of chondrocytes within articular cartilage tissues. Results Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BSCs) were exposed to 0.2 Pa shear stress, 3 MPa cyclic hydrostatic pressure, and combined loading with different sequences on chemically designed medical-grade silicone rubber, while no soluble growth factors were added to the culture medium. The expression levels of chondrogenic-specific genes of SOX9, aggrecan, and type II collagen (Col II) were measured. Results were compared to those of cells treated by biological growth factor. Methods Gene expression patterns were dependent on the loading regime. Moreover, the source of mesenchymal stem cells (adipose or bone marrow) was influential in gene expression. Overall, enhanced expression of chondrogenic markers was found through application of mechanical stimuli. The response was generally found to be significantly promoted when the 2 loading regimes were superimposed. Conclusions Differentiation of ASCs was shown by a modest increase in gene expression profiles. In general, BSCs expressed higher levels of chondrogenic gene expression than ASCs after 3 weeks. A greater effect on Col II and SOX9 mRNA expression was observed when combined loadings were applied. Results may be applied in determining the proper loading sequence for obtaining functional target cells in cartilage engineering applications.
Low Incidence of Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Pump Thrombosis in Patients Receiving the INCOR LVAD System in the Long-term Follow-up
Authors: Iacovoni Attilio , Centofanti Paolo , Attisani Matteo , Verde Alessandro , Terzi Amedeo , Senni Michele , Maiani Massimo , Baronetto Andrea , Livi Ugo , Frigerio Maria , Rinaldi Mauro 
Published: November 2015

Background Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation improves survival and quality of life in patients with advanced heart failure (HF). Despite these advantages, LVADs are not free from risks. Among all adverse events (AE), pump thrombosis and bleeding, especially of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, have been reported to occur with increasing frequency in some CF-LVADs. The INCOR LVAD system is a third-generation, continuous flow, axial pump with active magnetic levitation, avoiding the potential downsides of mechanical bearings. Methods The aim of this retrospective study was to review the Italian clinical experience with the INCOR LVAD and to determine the prevalence of GI bleeding and pump thrombosis. All patients implanted between January 2006 and May 2012 were considered eligible. Results The total population consisted of 42 patients. LVAD indication was BTT in 36 (86%) and DT in 6 (14%) patients; 31 patients (74%) were INTERMACS class 1 or 2. Mean support time was 525 ± 570 days. The 1-year and 2-year survival rates were 74% and 60%, respectively. The most frequent AE was driveline infection (0.33 events PPY) followed by stroke with consequence (0.17 events PPY), sepsis (0.07 events PPY), and right HF (0.05 events PPY). No episodes of pump thrombosis or GI bleeding were observed. Conclusions In this cohort of high-risk, advanced HF patients, the INCOR LVAD provided effective support with improved survival. Moreover, the absence of GI bleeding and pump thrombosis demonstrates a favorable characteristic of this device. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these data.
P16 Cutoff in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Correlation between Tumor and Patient Characteristics and Outcome
Authors: Merlano Marco Carlo , Denaro Nerina , Vivenza Daniela , Monteverde Martino , Russi Elvio , Lerda Walter , Comino Alberto , Lo Nigro Cristiana 
Published: November 2015

Background p16 has been indicated as a suitable surrogate biomarker of HPV infection. The prognosis of p16-positive oropharynx tumors (OTs) of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) histology is better than that of p16-negative tumors. Methods We analyzed 209 samples of head and neck SCC to establish a predictive cutoff for p16 and determine the role of p16 positivity in OTs versus non-OTs. We compared the outcomes of tumors harboring any percentage of p16-positive cells (≥1%) with those of p16-negative OTs. We then considered 3 cutoffs (10%, 50% and 70% positive cells) to evaluate the outcome of OTs/non-OTs with similar p16 expression and p16-positive versus p16-negative tumors stratified by patient age. Results p16-negative tumors among OTs and non-OTs were 29% and 49%, respectively (p = 0.0054). The cumulative distribution showed that the positive values were located around 2 focus points: 2% and 96%. Subgroup analysis showed that only OTs occurred in young patients (aged <65 years) and that there was a ≥70% gain in survival in cases with p16-positive cells. Conclusions p16 positivity influences outcome only in young patients and OTs (p = 0.048).
Clinical Evaluation and Therapeutic Monitoring Value of Serum Tumor Markers in Lung Cancer
Authors: Wang Lishui , Wang Ding , Zheng Guixi , Yang Yongmei , Du Lutao , Dong Zhaogang , Zhang Xin , Wang Chuanxin 
Published: November 2015

Background Tumor markers CYFRA21-1, CEA, NSE, CA125, pro-GRP and SCC are routinely used for lung cancer. However, there has been no systematic evaluation of these markers in the same cohort. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic monitoring value of these markers. Methods The levels of 6 serum tumor markers were measured in 392 patients, including 308 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 84 with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and 116 patients with benign lung diseases and 144 healthy controls. 34 patients were followed up after operation and chemotherapy. Multiple logistic models and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate their diagnostic value. Results CEA, NSE, CA125 and pro-GRP in SCLC, and CYFRA21-1 as well as CEA in NSCLC, were higher than those in control groups. The level of CEA and CA125 were related to the clinical stages of NSCLC. Pro-GRP was significantly increased in extensive disease (ED) compared with limited disease (LD) in SCLC. CYFRA21-1 was reduced after the third and fifth treatment cycle respectively in patients who undergoing operation and without operation. NSE and pro-GRP were reduced significantly after the second and third treatment cycles, respectively. Conclusions CEA, NSE, CA125 and pro-GRP could serve as biomarkers for SCLC, and CEA and CYFRA21-1 could serve as biomarkers for NSCLC. Pro-GRP, CA125 and CEA were related to the clinical stages of lung cancer. CYFRA21-1, NSE and pro-GRP could be used for monitoring the effect of chemotherapy.
Comparing the Length of Penile Mucosa in Men with and without Premature Ejaculation
Authors: Gooran Shahram , Narouie Behzad , Faraji Shovey Mehdi , Fazeli Faramarz , Dialameh Hossein , Sharifi Amirsina , Hashemiaghdam Arsalan , Yaghoubnia Fariba , Valipour Reza 
Published: November 2015

Background Premature ejaculation is one of the prevalent disorders in men; almost one out of three men between 18 and 59 years old have this disorder with its leading sequel such as lack of self-confidence, anxiety, depression and unsatisfactory intercourse in men and their partners. This study aimed to compare the length of penile mucosa in men with and without premature ejaculation. Method Three hundred and eighty patients referring to our hospital from March 2009 to March 2010 were enrolled in the study. First group comprised 190 men with premature ejaculation and second group included 190 men without premature ejaculation as control group that were chosen randomly. A questionnaire was designed to collect data and was completed for both groups. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), length of penile mucosa, length of penis and intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) were measured. Results The mean IELT in premature ejaculation group and control group were 47.58 ± 29.55 and 410.38 ± 190.2 s, respectively (p = 0.001). The mean penis length in premature ejaculation group and control group were 127.25 ± 16.23 and 127.03 ± 17.42 mm, respectively (p = 0.901, with nonsignificant difference); the mean penile mucosa in premature ejaculation group was 33.83 ± 11.54 mm and in control group was 31.40 ± 11.97 mm (p = 0.014, with significant difference). Conclusion Longer penile mucosa can be one of the factors in causing premature ejaculation.
De rollen van de praktijkonderzoeker: getuige-deskundige, sociaal ingenieur en verhalenverteller
Authors: Engbersen Godfried 
Published: November 2015

Roles of social scientists in social policy: Expert witnesses, social engineers and storytellers
This article shows the relevance of Burawoy’s analytical categories on the division of scientific labour to analyse the interactions between science and practice. It argues that social scientists need to combine the roles of expert witness, social engineer and storyteller in order to develop a productive relationship with policy makers. It also emphasises the relevance of a permanent dialogue between social scientists and policy makers. However, the analysis disagrees with Burawoy’s view that knowledge is based on a consensus between scientists and their publics (consensual knowledge). Burawoy underestimates the risk of a politicisation of science inherent to a close relationship with various ‘publics’. The arguments presented in this article are based on the reception of a research project on labour migration from Central and Eastern Europe. This was a hybrid research project in which different actors participated: the Erasmus University, nine Dutch municipalities, the national government and a Dutch knowledge center on urban issues.
Van vrolijke botsing naar fundamenteel inzicht; dubbelinterview Kees van Paridon en Jeroen Slot
Authors: Hafkamp Wim , Grin John , Duiveman Robert 
Published: November 2015

From lively collision to essential insights
In this interview Jeroen Slot (head of Research & Statistics, Municipality of Amsterdam) and Kees van Paridon (former chief science officer, municipality of Rotterdam) share their ideas and reflect on their extensive experience with linking scientific knowledge and local policy making. They discuss the divergence between established institutions and emergent knowledge needs and the problematic entwinement of scientific knowledge and policy development. Conditions are proposed for the design of intermediaries between the academic and governmental sectors.
Over de werking en waardering van kennispraktijken
Authors: Duiveman Robert , Grin John , Hafkamp John , Metze Tamara 
Published: November 2015

On the development and evaluation of knowledge practices.
When scientific values like objectivity, validity and reliability are inadequate for designing research that enables society’s capacity for dealing with unstructured problems, which values or criteria should we use for designing adequate knowledge practices? Based on the articles in this special issue we answer this question by analysing the methods researchers have used for selecting stakeholders, knowledges, synthesis, context and outcome in new knowledge practices. Although a common language for comparison and documentation is lacking, the analysis provides recommendations for better designing interaction between scientific and other practices. The most important message however is that we need a designated platform for exchanging and evaluating experiences and discussing methods and the outcomes they yield.
Bereikt coproductie kwetsbare burgers?
Authors: Fledderus Joost 
Published: November 2015

Does co-production reach vulnerable citizens? An analysis of critical aspects for vulnerable citizens in three phases
Co-production is regarded as a way to actively involve vulnerable citizens with public service delivery. However, there are several critical aspects that may lead to the unexpected exclusion of this group by public organizations, which have been insufficiently addressed hitherto. On the basis of a dissertation research, these critical aspects are analyzed for three phases of co-production. In the first phase, self-selection and organizational selection may lead to the exclusion of vulnerable citizens. In the second phase, a lack of commitment of the user and organizational support increase the chance of early discontinuation of co-production by vulnerable citizens. Finally, in the evaluation phase, it is likely that disadvantaged citizens attribute potential success of co-production to themselves and do not reward the public service provider for this. This has the possible consequence that there is no recognition for the added value of co-production, which may lead to less co-production that involves vulnerable citizens in the future.
Quo vadis, Nederlandse Bestuurskunde?
Authors: Braun Caelesta , Fenger Menno , ’t Hart Paul , van der Veer Judith , Verheij Tanja 
Published: November 2015

Public aministration in the Netherlands: quo vadis?
Forty years ago, Dutch Public Administration started as an independent academic discipline. The founding fathers considered empirical application and multidisciplinarity the most important characteristics of public administration. This article assesses the current state of the discipline in the Netherlands. The assessment is the result of a series of five debates throughout the country, focussing on different elements of the Public Administration discipline: education, academic research, consultancy and policy advice. In brief, the article argues that the discipline has reached maturity in these forty years. It has become an accepted academic discipline, on the verge of a mono-discipline. The Netherlands is considered as one of the leading countries in public administration research. However, these successes also create a gap between public administration as a successful academic discipline and its roots as a multi-disciplinary, applied science. Renewing the balance between these two will be the main challenge for the decades to come.
Media Logic
Authors: Altheide David L. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe focus is on the nature and significance of media logic and an ecology of communication for a theory of mediation and for understanding and investigating political communication. Media logic is defined as a form of communication, and the process through which media transmit and communicate information. The logic and guidelines become taken for granted, often institutionalized, and inform social interaction. A basic principle is that media, information technologies, and communication formats can affect events and social activities. An overview of media logic, including correcting some unfortunate misinterpretations, is followed by discussion of attempts at clarification and revision (e.g., mediatization, mediality, mediatric, etc.), along with uses, relevance, and applications for political communication with various media (e.g., television, Internet, social media).
Modular Assembly of Allosteric MEK Inhibitor Structural Elements Unravels Potency and Feedback‐Modulation Handles
Authors: Hartung Ingo V. , Pühler Florian , Neuhaus Roland , Scholz Arne , Siemeister Gerhard , Geisler Jens , Hillig Roman C. , von Ahsen Oliver , Hitchcock Marion 
Published: November 2015

AbstractHaving recently identified a so‐far unexplored area adjacent to the known binding site of allosteric mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitors, we now report an extension of these studies by combining our new side chains with different MEK inhibitor cores in a modular manner. Replacement of the amide headgroup with inverse sulfonamides resulted in the identification of new MEK inhibitors with at least 10‐fold higher cellular potency against K‐Ras‐mutated tumor cells. A selected inhibitor from this new series retained the favorable pharmacokinetic profile of its predecessor in rodent and non‐rodent species and displayed significant in vivo efficacy at once‐daily oral doses of 0.25–1 mg kg−1 in a K‐Ras‐mutated xenograft model. The brain penetration potential of this analogue was significantly attenuated relative to PD325901. In a second series, the central fluorophenyl core was replaced by a pyridine moiety which gave rise to a similar boost in cellular potency. Most notably, analogues from this second series do not show MEK feedback phosphorylation in K‐Ras‐mutated A549 cells. Our results complement recent reports on the structural intricacies of MEK–Raf feedback interactions.
Synthesis of Zn–In–S Quantum Dots with Tunable Composition and Optical Properties
Authors: Wang Xianliang , Damasco Jossana , Shao Wei , Ke Yujie , Swihart Mark T. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractII–III–VI semiconductors are of interest due to their chemical stability and composition‐tunable optical properties. Here, we report a methodology for the synthesis of monodisperse zinc–indium–sulfide (ZIS) alloy quantum dots (QDs, mean diameter from ∼2 to 3.5 nm) with an In content substantially below that of the stoichiometric ZnIn2S4 compound. The effects of indium incorporation on the size, lattice constant, and optical properties of ZIS QDs are elucidated. In contrast to previous reports, we employ sulfur dissolved in oleic acid as the sulfur donor rather than thioacetamide (TAA). The size of the ZIS QDs and their crystal lattice constant increased with increasing In incorporation, but they maintained the cubic sphalerite phase of ZnS, rather than the hexagonal phase typical of ZnIn2S4. The QDs’ absorbance onset at UV wavelengths red‐shifts with increasing In content and the accompanying increase in NC size. The ZIS NCs and related materials, whose synthesis is enabled by the approach presented here, provide new opportunities to apply II–III–VI semiconductors in solution‐processed UV optoelectronics.
Hit‐and‐run trophallaxis of small hive beetles
Authors: Neumann Peter , Naef Jan , Crailsheim Karl , Crewe Robin M. , Pirk Christian W. W. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractSome parasites of social insects are able to exploit the exchange of food between nestmates via trophallaxis, because they are chemically disguised as nestmates. However, a few parasites succeed in trophallactic solicitation although they are attacked by workers. The underlying mechanisms are not well understood. The small hive beetle (=SHB), Aethina tumida, is such a parasite of honey bee, Apis mellifera, colonies and is able to induce trophallaxis. Here, we investigate whether SHB trophallactic solicitation is innate and affected by sex and experience. We quantified characteristics of the trophallactic solicitation in SHBs from laboratory‐reared individuals that were either bee‐naïve or had 5 days experience. The data clearly show that SHB trophallactic solicitation is innate and further suggest that it can be influenced by both experience and sex. Inexperienced SHB males begged more often than any of the other groups had longer breaks than their experienced counterparts and a longer soliciting duration than both experienced SHB males and females, suggesting that they start rather slowly and gain more from experience. Successful experienced females and males were not significantly different from each other in relation to successful trophallactic interactions, but had a significantly shorter soliciting duration compared to all other groups, except successful inexperienced females. Trophallactic solicitation success, feeding duration and begging duration were not significantly affected by either SHB sex or experience, supporting the notion that these behaviors are important for survival in host colonies. Overall, success seems to be governed by quality rather than quantity of interactions, thereby probably limiting both SHB energy investment and chance of injury (<1%). Trophallactic solicitation by SHBs is a singular example for an alternative strategy to exploit insect societies without requiring chemical disguise. Hit‐and‐run trophallaxis is an attractive test system to get an insight into trophallaxis in the social insects.
Long‐term outcomes of nasopharyngectomy using partial maxillectomy approach
Authors: Ng Li Shia , Lim Chwee Ming , Loh Kwok Seng 
Published: November 2015

Objectives/HypothesisTo determine the long‐term outcomes of a prospective cohort of 20 patients who had nasopharyngectomy using an open partial‐maxillectomy approach.MethodA prospective cohort study of the surgical outcomes of patients with recurrent T1 (rT1) and rT2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma recurrence.ResultsThere were 14 male and six female patients. The mean age was 49 years. The mean duration of follow‐up was 60.4 months. All of the surgical margins were free of malignancy. Ten patients (50%) developed recurrences. The 5‐year local control rate, disease‐free, disease‐specific, and overall survivals were 70%, 48.9%, 70.2%, and 66.7%, respectively. There were no major intraoperative complications. The most common morbidity was pain. The median length of hospitalization was 4 days.ConclusionEarly local recurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma can be treated surgically using a partial maxillectomy approach. The long‐term outcomes are similar to nasopharyngectomy performed using the more common approaches.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 126:1103–1107, 2016
Design optimization of precision casting for residual stress reduction
Authors: Keste Appasaheb Adappa , Gawande Shravan Haribhau , Sarkar Chandrani 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Normally all manufacturing and fabrication processes introduce residual stresses in a component. These stresses exist even after all service or external loads have been removed. Residual stresses have been studied elaborately in the past and even in depth research have been done to determine their magnitude and distribution during different manufacturing processes. But very few works have dealt with the study of residual stresses formation during the casting process. Even though these stresses are less in magnitude, they still result in crack formation and subsequent failure in later phases of the component usage. In this work, the residual stresses developed in a shifter during casting process are first determined by finite element analysis using ANSYS® Mechanical APDL, Release 12.0 software. Initially the analysis was done on a simple block to determine the optimum element size and boundary conditions. With these values, the actual shifter component was analyzed. All these simulations are done in an uncoupled thermal and structural environment. The results showed the areas of maximum residual stress. This was followed by the geometrical optimization of the cast part for minimum residual stresses. The resulting shape gave lesser and more evenly distributed residual stresses. Crack compliance method was used to experimentally determine the residual stresses in the modified cast part. The results obtained from the measurements are verified by finite element analysis findings.
Highlights This paper focus on analytical, numerical and experimental design optimization of shifter. Performed design optimization by finite element analysis and experimental of live industrial problem. The results can applicable as a basis of design and optimization of new type of the automotive parts. The results of the current work present the actual behavior of induced stresses.