bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D‐DIC for mechanical characterization of composite solid propellant under uniaxial compression
Authors: Ranjan Rajeev , Murthy H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA novel experimental setup, utilizing 3D Digital Image Correlation (3D‐DIC), is employed to characterize the mechanical behaviour of composite solid propellant (CSP) under uniaxial compression at three displacement rates (1, 7, and 50 mm/min). At larger deformation, 3D‐DIC consistently shows smaller strains than nominal strain values, and this difference increases with deformation across all the displacement rates. Displacement rates significantly affect the non‐linear stress‐strain response of the CSPs. After the completion of the compression test, the specimen is unloaded, and the lengths of the unloaded specimens measured after 24 hour indicate a recovery of 90–94 % of the original length of the specimens. The recovered length increases with an increase in the displacement rate. Initially, Poisson's ratio is close to 0.5, and dilatation is zero, indicating an incompressible behaviour. However, both Poisson's ratio and dilatation increase with an increase in longitudinal strain, indicating a transition to compressible behaviour. Comparing the scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs of the virgin and compressive‐loaded samples, noticeable debonding is observed at the matrix‐particle interfaces.
Testing and approval standard development of online dissolved gas analysis monitors for oil‐filled transformers—Part I hydrogen monitors
Authors: Su Paul , Madan Rajni , Purushothaman Sujit 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe failure of mineral oil‐filled transformers has been involved in numerous fire and explosion incidents during operations. The power industry has developed online dissolved gas analysis (DGA) monitoring systems capable of diagnosing transformer faults continuously. This study has established new test procedures and pass/fail criteria to evaluate the accuracy of online H2 monitors, resulting in the creation of a new approval standard.
Advancing software reliability with time series insights: A non‐autoregressive ANN approach
Authors: Sharma Shiv Kumar , Rana Rohit Kumar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSoftware reliability is a critical factor in assessing the health of software and identifying defects. Software reliability growth models (SRGM) are used to estimate the occurrence of software faults. There are various parameterized and non‐parameterized models of SRGM. These models effectively predict fault occurrence for limited testing conditions. To resolve this problem various neural and artificial neural network (ANN) models are proposed. A problem while using ANN is over‐fitting and under‐fitting. Non‐autoregressive time series models, including ANN variants, offer promising solutions to address under‐fitting issues in SRGM, providing enhanced predictive capabilities for fault occurrence across diverse testing conditions. This study proposes a modified version with a Bayesian regularization technique to address over‐fitting. This modification aims to enhance the suitability of the Bayesian regularization framework for nonlinear autoregressive (NAR) models by carefully adjusting regularization parameters. Comprehensive testing with real‐world software failure datasets is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The results demonstrate that our modified approach improved generalization capabilities and increased prediction accuracy. The NAR‐ANN model exhibits a lower mean squared error of 0.12935 and a higher value of 0.99853.
Enhanced QSimon Algorithm for Attacking the Offset Two‐Round Scheme
Authors: Wu Hong‐Yu , Feng Xiao‐Ning , Zhang Ke‐Jia , Sun Hong‐Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractQSimon algorithm (a full quantum version of Simon's algorithm) is used to find periods in commitment functions and does not require classical calculations. However, QSimon algorithm circuit is incomplete, and the implementation of an essential component (solving boolean linear equations) has high resource consumption. This work further studies QSimon algorithm and applies QSimon algorithm to attack the offset two‐round (OTR) scheme. QSimon algorithm is established by quantum boolean linear equations solving algorithm and general quantum truncation technique, which can obtain the period of any truncated function with overwhelming probability. The confidentiality and integrity of the OTR scheme are compromised by employing QSimon algorithm. The attacks ensure a high success rate and realize exponential speedup compared with classical versions.
Quantum‐Enhanced K‐Nearest Neighbors for Text Classification: A Hybrid Approach with Unified Circuit and Reduced Quantum Gates
Authors: Zeguendry Amine , Jarir Zahi , Quafafou Mohamed 
Published: August 2024

AbstractText classification, a key process in natural language processing (NLP), relies on the k‐nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm for its simplicity and effectiveness. Traditional methods often grapple with the high‐dimensional nature of textual data, leading to substantial computational demands. This study introduces a novel classical quantum k‐nearest neighbors (CQKNN) algorithm, which integrates quantum circuits into a conventional machine‐learning framework to enhance computational efficiency and reduce storage requirements. This hybrid approach uses a unified quantum circuit that simplifies multiple similarity calculations through mid‐circuit measurements and qubit reset operations, significantly improving upon traditional multi‐circuit quantum k‐nearest neighbors (QKNN) models. The CQKNN algorithm, tested on datasets such as SMS Spam Collection, Twitter US Airline Sentiment, and IMDB Movie Reviews, not only outperforms classical KNN but also addresses challenges posed by noisy intermediate‐scale quantum (NISQ) devices through advanced error mitigation techniques. This work highlights resource efficiency and reduced gate complexity and demonstrates the practical application of fidelity in quantum similarity calculations, setting new standards for quantum‐enhanced machine learning and advancing current quantum technology capabilities in complex data classification tasks.
Experimentally Demonstrating Indefinite Causal Order Algorithms to Solve the Generalized Deutsch's Problem
Authors: Liu Wen‐Qiang , Meng Zhe , Song Bo‐Wen , Li Jian , Wu Qing‐Yuan , Chen Xiao‐Xiao , Hong Jin‐Yang , Zhang An‐Ning , Yin Zhang‐Qi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDeutsch's algorithm is the first quantum algorithm to demonstrate an advantage over classical algorithms. Here, Deutsch's problem is generalized to functions and a quantum algorithm with an indefinite causal order is proposed to solve this problem. The algorithm not only reduces the number of queries to the black box by half compared to the classical algorithm, but also significantly decreases the complexity of the quantum circuit and the number of required quantum gates compared to the generalized Deutsch's algorithm. The algorithm is experimentally demonstrated in a stable Sagnac loop interferometer with a common path, which overcomes the obstacles of both phase instability and low fidelity of the Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The experimental results show both ultrahigh and robust success probabilities . This study opens a path toward solving practical problems with indefinite cause‐order quantum circuits.
Tremor Estimation and Removal in Robot‐Assisted Surgery Using Improved Enhanced Band‐Limited Multiple Fourier Linear Combiner
Authors: Wang Wenjie , Jia Boqiang , Ma Jianwei , Wang Xiaohua , Song Huajian 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDuring a robot‐assisted minimally invasive surgery, hand tremors in a surgeon's manipulation of the master manipulator can cause vibrations of the slave surgical instruments.MethodsThis letter addresses this problem by proposing an improved Enhanced Band‐Limited Multiple Linear Fourier Combiner (E‐BMFLC) algorithm for filtering the physiological tremor signals of a surgeon's hand. The proposed method uses the amplitude of the input signal to adapt the learning rate and a dense division of the combiner bands for the higher amplitude bands of the tremor signals.ResultsBy using the proposed improved E‐BMFLC algorithm, the compensation accuracy can be improved by 4.5%–8.9%, as well as a spatial position error of less than 1 mm.ConclusionThe results show that among all filtering methods, the improved E‐BMFLC filtering method has the highest number of successful experiments and the lowest experimental time.
Revealing Roles of High‐Electronegativity Fluorine Atoms in Boosting Redox Potential of Layered Sodium Cathodes
Authors: Jiao Jianyue , Zhao Enyue , Yin Wen , Che Jing , Cheng Yong , Xia Zhengchang , Xiao Xiaoling , Zhang Xingwang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe development of high‐energy‐density cathode materials is regarded as the ultimate goal of alkali metal‐ion batteries energy storage. However, the strategy of regulating specific capacity is limited by the theoretical capacity, and meanwhile focusing on improving capacity will lead to structural destructions. Herein, a novel perspective is proposed that tuning the electronic band structure by introducing highly electronegative fluoride atoms in NaxTMO2‐yFy (0 < x < 1, 0 < y < 2) model compounds to improve redox potential for developing high‐energy‐density layered oxides. Highly electronegative fluoride atoms is introduced into P2‐type Na0.67Fe0.5Mn0.5O2 (NFM), and the thus fluoride NFM (F‐NFM) cathode achieved high redox potential (3.0 V) and high energy density (446 Wh kg−1). Proved by structural characterizations, fluorine atoms are successfully incorporated into oxygen sites in NFM lattice. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy is applied to quantitatively analyze the improved redox potential of F‐NFM, which is achieved by the decreased valence band energy in electronic band structure due to the strongly electrophilic fluoride ions. Moreover, fluoride atoms can stabilize the local environment of NFM and improve its redox potential. The work provides a perspective to improve redox potential by tuning the electronic band structure in layered oxides and developing high‐energy‐density alkali metal‐ion batteries.
Triple Templates Directed Synthesis of Nitrogen‐Doped Hierarchically Porous Carbons from Pyridine Rich Monomer as Efficient and Reversible SO2 Adsorbents
Authors: Zhang Guanqing , Liu Fengqing , Zhu Qiliang , Qian Hao , Zhong Shouchao , Tan Jingze , Zheng Anmin , Liu Fujian , Jiang Lilong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHerein, a variety of 2,6‐diaminopyridine (DAP) derived nitrogen‐doped hierarchically porous carbon (DAP‐NHPC‐T) prepared from carbonization‐induced structure transformation of DAP‐Zn‐SiO2‐P123 nanocomposites are reported, which are facilely prepared from solvent‐free co‐assembly of block copolymer templates P123 with pyridine‐rich monomer of DAP, Zn(NO3)2 and tetramethoxysilane. In the pyrolysis process, P123 and SiO2 templates promote the formation of mesoporous and supermicroporous structures in the DAP‐NHPC‐T, while high‐temperature volatilization of Zn contributed to generation of micropores. The DAP‐NHPC‐T possess large BET surface areas (≈956–1126 m2 g−1), hierarchical porosity with micro‐supermicro‐mesoporous feature and high nitrogen contents (≈10.44–5.99 at%) with tunable density of pyridine‐based nitrogen sites (≈5.99–3.32 at%), exhibiting good accessibility and reinforced interaction with SO2. Consequently, the DAP‐NHPC‐T show high SO2 capacity (14.7 mmol g−1, 25 °C and 1.0 bar) and SO2/CO2/N2 IAST selectivities, extraordinary dynamic breakthrough separation efficiency and cycling stability, far beyond any other reported nitrogen‐doped metal‐free carbon. As verified by in situ spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, the pyridine‐based nitrogen sites of the DAP‐NHPC‐T boost SO2 adsorption via the unique charge transfer, the adsorption mechanism and reaction model have been finally clarified.
Quadruple therapies show a higher eradication rate compared to standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection within the LEGACy consortium. A multicenter observational study in European and Latin American countries
Authors: Medel‐Jara Patricio , Reyes Placencia Diego , Fuentes‐López Eduardo , Corsi Oscar , Latorre Gonzalo , Antón Rosario , Jiménez Elena , Miralles‐Marco Ana , Caballero Carmelo , Boggino Hugo , Cantero Daniel , Barros Rita , Santos‐Antunes João , Díez Marc , Quiñones Luis A. , Riquelme Erick , Rollán Antonio , Cerpa Leslie C. , Valdés Ivania , Nyssen Olga P. , Moreira Leticia , Gisbert Javier P. , Camargo M. Constanza , Ortiz‐Olvera Nayeli , Leon‐Takahashi Alberto M. , Ruiz‐Garcia Erika , Fernández‐Figueroa Edith A. , Garrido Marcelo , Owen Gareth I. , Cervantes Andrés , Fleitas Tania , Riquelme Arnoldo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionGastric cancer (GC) is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. Helicobacter pylori is the primary cause of GC; therefore, its eradication reduces the risk of developing this neoplasia. There is extensive evidence regarding quadruple therapy with relevance to the European population. However, in Latin America, data are scarce. Furthermore, there is limited information about the eradication rates achieved by antibiotic schemes in European and Latin American populations.ObjectiveTo compare the effectiveness of standard triple therapy (STT), quadruple concomitant therapy (QCT), and bismuth quadruple therapy (QBT) in six centers in Europe and Latin America.MethodsA retrospective study was carried out based on the LEGACy registry from 2017 to 2022. Data from adult patients recruited in Portugal, Spain, Chile, Mexico, and Paraguay with confirmed H. pylori infection who received eradication therapy and confirmatory tests at least 1 month apart were included. Treatment success by each scheme was compared using a mixed multilevel Poisson regression, adjusting for patient sex and age, together with country‐specific variables, including prevalence of H. pylori antibiotic resistance (clarithromycin, metronidazole, and amoxicillin), and CYP2C19 polymorphisms.Results772 patients were incorporated (64.64% females; mean age of 52.93 years). The total H. pylori eradication rates were 75.20% (255/339) with STT, 88.70% (159/178) with QCT, and 91.30% (191/209) with QBT. Both quadruple therapies (QCT‐QBT) showed significantly higher eradication rates compared with STT, with an adjusted incidence risk ratio (IRR) of 1.25 (p: <0.05); and 1.24 (p: <0.05), respectively. The antibiotic‐resistance prevalence by country, but not the prevalence of CYP2C19 polymorphism, showed a statistically significant impact on eradication success.ConclusionsBoth QCT and QBT are superior to STT for H. pylori eradication when adjusted for country‐specific antibiotic resistance and CYP2C19 polymorphism in a sample of individuals residing in five countries within two continents.
Stemness, invasion, and immunosuppression modulation in recurrent glioblastoma using nanotherapy
Authors: Sarkar Shrita , Greer Jessica , Marlowe Nathaniel J. , Medvid Angeline , Ivan Michael E. , Kolishetti Nagesh , Dhar Shanta 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe recurrent nature of glioblastoma negatively impacts conventional treatment strategies leading to a growing need for nanomedicine. Nanotherapeutics, an approach designed to deliver drugs to specific sites, is experiencing rapid growth and gaining immense popularity. Having potential in reaching the hard‐to‐reach disease sites, this field has the potential to show high efficacy in combatting glioblastoma progression. The presence of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) is a major factor behind the poor prognosis of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Stemness potential, heterogeneity, and self‐renewal capacity, are some of the properties that make GSCs invade across the distant regions of the brain. Despite advances in medical technology and MRI‐guided maximal surgical resection, not all GSCs residing in the brain can be removed, leading to recurrent disease. The aggressiveness of GBM is often correlated with immune suppression, where the T‐cells are unable to infiltrate the cancer initiating GSCs. Standard of care therapies, including surgery and chemotherapy in combination with radiation therapy, have failed to tackle all the challenges of the GSCs, making it increasingly important for researchers to develop strategies to tackle their growth and proliferation and reduce the recurrence of GBM. Here, we will focus on the advancements in the field of nanomedicine that has the potential to show positive impact in managing glioblastoma tumor microenvironment.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease
Effects of dissipation and radiation on the Jeffrey fluid flow in between nano and hybrid nanofluid subject to porous medium
Authors: Tanuja Thimlapura Nagaraju , Kavitha Linganna , Srilatha Pudhari , Khan Umair , Varma Sibyala Vijaykumar , Kumar Rangaswamy Naveen , Abdulrahman Amal , Abdou Mohammed Modather Mohammed 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) movement of fluids through a porous material has a variety of uses such as distillation towers, heat exchangers, catalytic processes, magnetic field‐based wound treatments, cancer therapy and hyperthermia. This paper explores the complex dynamics of a three‐phase flow utilizing MHD Jeffrey fluid, which sits in between nano and hybrid (molybdenum disulphide [MoS2] and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes [MWCNTs]) nanofluids. The governing differential equations are derived for the physical flow model. The equations are reduced to dimensionless equations by using dimensionless parameters. The resultant equations are solved by using the regular perturbation technique. The results are analysed for various physical pertinent parameters through 2D/3D graphs. The heat transfer rate and volume flow rate are calculated for the left and right plates. This analysis also considers how the system's overall behaviour would be affected by radiation and dissipation effects. The results indicate that the magnetic parameter, electric parameter, quadratic convective parameter, Brinkman number and Grashof number significantly affect heat transfer enhancement. Fluid velocity can be reduced using radiation parameters, porosity, electric and magnetic parameters and velocity declines by Jeffrey parameters.
How Cyclists’ Body Posture Can Support a Cooperative Interaction in Automated Driving
Authors: Trommler Daniel , Ackermann Claudia , Raeck Dominik , Krems Josef F. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAutomated driving is continuously evolving and will be integrated more and more into urban traffic in the future. Since urban traffic is characterized by a high number of space-sharing conflicts, the issue of an appropriate interaction with other road users, especially with pedestrians and cyclists, becomes increasingly important. This chapter provides an overview of the research project “KIRa” (Cooperative Interaction with Cyclists in automated Driving), which investigated the interaction between automated vehicles and cyclists according to four project aims. First, the investigation of body posture as a predictor of the cyclists’ starting process. Second, the development of a VR cycling simulation and validation in terms of perceived criticality and experience of presence. Third, the experimental evaluation of a drift-diffusion model for vehicle deceleration detection. And fourth, the investigation of factors affecting cyclists’ gap acceptance. With these research aims, it was the project’s intention to contribute to a better understanding of the cyclists’ perception of communication signals and to improve the ability of automated vehicles to predict cyclists’ intentions. The results can provide an important contribution to the cooperative design of the interaction between automated vehicles and cyclists.
‘To Have Security, to Have Access to Life’: Queer Ambivalence at the Borders of Marriage and the Nation
Authors: Brainer Amy 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis chapter explores the financial, personal, and relational costs of marriage migration to the United States from a queer point of view. The analysis draws from in-depth interviews, online community forums, and content created by LGBTQ+ people and/or same-sex couples who have petitioned for status based on a fiancé or spousal relationship. The chapter specifically asks: How do the normative and normalizing systems of marriage and immigration impact the individual and the couple? To construct a ‘bona fide’ marriage in the eyes of the State, couples must meet an economic threshold and perform marital and family roles in ways that are intelligible to immigration officials, often sanitizing their relationships and identities in the process. Naturalization scripts are also sanitized and romanticized in the image of a colonial fantasy—US citizenship as an object of pure and even lifelong desire, rather than a complicated step and one compelled by the State. The focus here is on the affective experience of such normalization and the ambivalence people feel toward both the marriage and immigration systems in which their security is entangled.
Lack of standardisation in the management of complex tibial plateau fractures: a multicentre experience
Authors: Hörmandinger Christina , Bitschi David , Berthold Daniel P. , Neidlein Claas , Schroeder Lennart , Watrinet Julius , Pätzold Robert , Böcker Wolfgang , Holzapfel Boris Michael , Fürmetz Julian , Bormann Markus 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective
In recent years, the trauma mechanisms and fracture types in tibial plateau fractures (TPF) have changed. At the same time, treatment strategies have expanded with the establishment of new classification systems, extension of diagnostics and surgical strategies. Evidence-based recommendations for treatment strategies are rare. The aim of this study is to assess the extent of standardization in the treatment of complex TPF.

Material and methods
For the study, specialists in trauma surgery/orthopaedics were presented thin-slice CT data sets of three complex TPFs including 3D reconstructions. A standardized questionnaire on fracture morphology and planned treatment strategy was then completed.

Results
A total of 23 surgeons from 7 hospitals (Trauma center levels I–III) were included.
All three fractures were most frequently classified as Schatzker type V (fracture I: 52.2%, II: 56.5%, III: 60%). Averaged over all three fractures, 55% of the respondents chose the same patient positioning. The combination of a posteromedial and anterolateral approach was the most frequently chosen approach at 42.7%. Double plating was favored for the surgical treatment of all fractures (70.7%). Preoperative MRI, extended approaches and intraoperative fraturoscopy were significantly more common in level I trauma centres.

Conclusion
There are major differences in the management of complex TPF. 360° treatment is carried out in all departments regardless of the level of care, but without further standardization in terms of preoperative imaging, classification, initial treatment, approach, fixation and intraoperative imaging. There are major differences within the departments with different level of care.