bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanism understanding of PIKfyve inhibitor YM201636 with human serum albumin: Insights from molecular modeling and multiple spectroscopic techniques
Authors: Yang Hongqin , Ji Xinzhu , Wang Huiling , Yang Ruijing , Ma Junyi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractYM201636 is the potent PIKfyve inhibitor that is being actively investigated for liver cancer efficacy. In this study, computer simulations and experiments were conducted to investigate the interaction mechanism between YM201636 and the transport protein HSA. Results indicated that YM201636 is stably bound between the subdomains IIA and IIIA of HSA, supported by site marker displacement experiments. YM201636 quenched the endogenous fluorescence of HSA by static quenching since a decrease in quenching constants was observed from 7.74 to 2.39 × 104 M−1. UV–vis and time‐resolved fluorescence spectroscopy confirmed the YM201636–HSA complex formation and this binding followed a static mechanism. Thermodynamic parameters ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS obtained negative values suggesting the binding was a spontaneous process driven by Van der Waals interactions and hydrogen binding. Binding constants ranged between 5.71 and 0.33 × 104 M−1, which demonstrated a moderately strong affinity of YM201636 to HSA. CD, synchronous, and 3D fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that YM201636 showed a slight change in secondary structure. The increase of Kapp and a decrease of PSH with YM201636 addition showed that YM201636 changed the surface hydrophobicity of HSA. The research provides reasonable models helping us further understand the transportation and distribution of YM201636 when it absorbs into the blood circulatory system.
Dysfunction of dendritic cells in tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy
Authors: Chen Jie , Duan Yuhang , Che Junye , Zhu Jianwei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) comprise diverse cell populations that play critical roles in antigen presentation and triggering immune responses in the body. However, several factors impair the immune function of DCs and may promote immune evasion in cancer. Understanding the mechanism of DC dysfunction and the diverse functions of heterogeneous DCs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is critical for designing effective strategies for cancer immunotherapy. Clinical applications targeting DCs summarized in this report aim to improve immune infiltration and enhance the biological function of DCs to modulate the TME to prevent cancer cells from evading the immune system. Herein, factors in the TME that induce DC dysfunction, such as cytokines, hypoxic environment, tumor exosomes and metabolites, and co‐inhibitory molecules, have been described. Furthermore, several key signaling pathways involved in DC dysfunction and signal‐relevant drugs evaluated in clinical trials were identified. Finally, this review provides an overview of current clinical immunotherapies targeting DCs, especially therapies with proven clinical outcomes, and explores future developments in DC immunotherapies.
A modified Carpentier classification in transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair for mitral regurgitation
Authors: Pu Zhaoxia , Yu Tingyan , Liu Xianbao , Lin Xinping , Li Huajun , Lim D. Scott , Wang Jian'an 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMitral regurgitation (MR) is the most common heart valve disease, and transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (TEER) has been recommended as a therapy for severe MR patients by guidelines. The classic Carpentier classification used to guide surgical mitral valve repair but is inadequate for mitral TEER (M‐TEER). We herein proposed a new modified Carpentier classification named after “type + segment,” which is suitable for M‐TEER. We shared our strategies in M‐TEER procedure for screening and performing the M‐TEER according to the new modified Carpentier classification.
Modulation Strategies for Improving Electrocatalytic Performance of Transition Metal Phosphides
Authors: Lv Xiaoxia , Wang Tengfei , Zhang Wenjing , Wang Yun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWith growing concerns regarding global warming and the depletion of fossil fuel resources, there is an increasingly urgent demand for electrochemical energy storage and conversion technologies, including zinc‐air batteries, fuel cells, and integrated water splitting systems. The development of cost‐effective and efficient electrocatalysts is pivotal to the commercial viability of electrocatalytic technologies related to energy. Transition metal phosphides (TMPs) have emerged as promising electrocatalysts in the energy sector owing to their adjustable electronic structure, abundant availability, and distinctive physicochemical properties. Modification of transition metal phosphides can be expected to result in enhanced catalytic performance. In this paper, several commonly employed strategies for improving performance including elemental doping, M/P stoichiometric ratios tuning, vacancy engineering, heterointerface engineering and carbon materials incorporation, which are of reference value for promoting the development of TMPs electrocatalysts and constructing highly active TMPs electrocatalysts to solve a variety of energy and environmental problems.
Photoactive Conjugated Polyelectrolyte‐Ionomer Composite Coatings for Versatile Photoreactors
Authors: Bayarkhuu Bolormaa , Kumar Sunil , Cho Hyekyung , Park Jueun , Gashaw Seid Mingizem , Byun Jeehye 
Published: July 2024

AbstractConjugated polymers are promising photoactive materials for heterogeneous photocatalysis, but their limited solubility hinders the scalability in practical use. Herein, we develop polymer composites using processable conjugated polyelectrolytes and ionomers to fabricate photocatalytic thin films with visible light activity. The composite of conjugated polyelectrolytes and ionomers with identical counter anions in their side chains enables compatibility in solvents and stabilized charged states within the composite. This facilitates the development of stable coatings on diverse substrates and enhances charge separation and transport. The resulting photocatalytic thin films exhibited a 1.5‐fold increase in photocurrent response and a 7.0‐fold increase in mechanical strength compared to the pristine conjugated polymer. Photoactive coatings with polymer composites showcase the potential for synergistic photocatalytic oxidation of NADH, organic dye, and sulfide under visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic thin films are stable, versatile, and scalable for various photocatalytic reactions, showing promise for developing upscaled photoreactors.
An Effective Strategy on Synthesizing a Stable SiOx‐Based Anode for High Density Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Tang Zhenyuan , Zhang Zhengyu , Wu Jiani , Zhang Minglv , Wu Huacheng , Luo Qian , Li Jun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSilicon oxides (SiOx) have received extensive attention as a promising anode candidate for next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, their commercial applications have been seriously hindered by low conductivity, large volume expansion, and unstable solid‐electrolyte interface (SEI) layer, which result in low initial coulombic efficiency, poor rate performance, and short cycling lifespan. In this work, we demonstrated a simple way to prepare a series of SiOx materials with lithium fluoride (LiF) modified. When the mass ratio of SiOx and LiF equaled 1 : 0.15, the long‐term cycling capacity retention could be greatly improved from 30.1 % to 76.5 % after 300 cycles. The result was primarily because of the enhancement of electrons and Li+‐ions transport and the stability of the SEI layer due to LiF addition. However, excess LiF addition could hinder the diffusion of Li+‐ions. This study presented the great potential of LiF modified on SiOx anode materials for LIBs.
Study of the stress in adults diagnosed with meningioma: Insights from a tertiary neurosurgical hospital
Authors: Menlibayeva Karashash , Nurimanov Chingiz , Nuradilov Saken , Akshulakov Serik 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundMeningiomas are the most common type of primary brain tumor, originating from the meninges – the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. Several well‐studied risk factors for meningiomas include gender, age, radiation exposure, genetic factors, and hormonal factors. Moreover, the influence of a person's psycho‐emotional stateon their overall health and mental well‐being, specifically stress, iscurrently a significant and relevant topic of discussion.AimsThis case–control study aimed to study the association between perceived stress, chronic stress, and meningioma in adult patients.Methods and resultsThe study included cases, which comprised adult patients with histologically confirmed meningioma, and controls, consisting of adult patients with no history of brain cancer. Data collection involved the use of three types of questionnaires. The first questionnaire focused on patients' personal information, geographic factors, and lifestyle habits. Two additional questionnaires “The Perceived Stress Scale” and “The Chronic Stress Scale” were employed to assess perceived stress and chronic stress. The questioning was conducted by a neurologist. Microsoft Excel and Stata 14 were used for the data analysis. Overall, 148 questionnaires were completed and included in the analyses. The average age of participants was 45.60 ± 13.90 years. Females outnumbered males in both groups. Patients with meningioma diagnosis had a higher level of perceived high stress compared to those without meningioma (p = .045). Respondents without a diagnosis of meningioma have reported having more chronic stress in general and ambient problems (p = .004), financial issues (p = .006), work (p < .001), non‐employment (p = .008), love and marriage (p < .001), isolation (p < .001), and residence (p < .001). Patients with meningioma, however, had less chronic stress compared to meningioma‐free patients.ConclusionThis study revealed no discernible connection between stress and meningioma within our study sample. Further research with matched case–control methodology with a larger sample size is warranted to thoroughly evaluate the potential role of stress in patients with meningioma.
Outcomes of children treated for relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A single tertiary care center experience
Authors: AlMalki Mosfer , Abdulatef Mohammed , Altrabolsi Hassan , Shubayr Nasser 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the most common malignancies among children. Despite success in frontline treatment, 20% of children will relapse or show resistance to treatment.AimThe aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics of children diagnosed and treated for refractory or relapsed ALL and determine 3‐year overall survival (OS) outcomes.MethodThis study involved a retrospective chart review of patients aged 1–14 years diagnosed with ALL during January 2002 to December 2018. Data were extracted for baseline characteristics at diagnosis and at relapse.ResultsA total of 347 newly diagnosed children with ALL were identified, among whom there were three induction failures (IF) and 28 relapses, resulting in a cohort of 31 patients with a relapse rate of 9%. The male‐to‐female ratio was 4.16:1, and the mean duration of first complete remission (CR1) was 26 months. Fifteen (48%) patients relapsed ≤18 months, 7 (23%) during 18–36 months, and 9 (29%) relapsed >36 months of IF or CR1. Nineteen patients (61%) had isolated bone marrow (BM) relapse, 7 (23%) patients experienced isolated extramedullary relapse (5 isolated CNS relapse and 2 isolated testicular relapse), and 5 (16%) patients experienced BM involvement with other sites (4 BM + CNS and 1 BM + testis). The 3‐year OS of the cohort was 62.3%, while in patients with CR post first‐salvage therapy, a 3‐year OS of 79.5% was observed (p value <.05 compared with patients who did not achieve remission post first‐salvage therapy, 3‐year OS: 46.4%). The same statistical difference was observed in 3‐year OS when comparing the duration of remission of CR prior to relapse: ≤18 months, 33.2%; 18–36 months, 66.7%; and >36 months, 87.5%. The same trend continued when comparing 3‐year OS based on risk stratification at relapse: low risk (LR), 83.3%; intermediate risk (IR), 80%; and high risk (HR), 44.8%.ConclusionThe incidence and outcomes reported are comparable to internationally reported data regarding the duration of CR1. Risk stratification at relapse and remission status post‐salvage therapy were identified as significant prognostic factors for survival. No survival difference was observed among patients who received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after induction compared with those who received chemotherapy, which could be attributed to the smaller sample size, warranting a multi‐institutional observational study. These findings corroborate the need for novel therapies and treatment approaches.
Fate of nondiagnostic thyroid fine needle aspirations
Authors: Storozuk Tanner , Biernacka Anna , Lastra Ricardo , Mueller Jeffrey , Olivas Andrea , Reeves Ward , Yassan Lindsay , Antic Tatjana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThyroid nodules may be detected during the workup of thyroid hormone abnormalities and as incidental findings during unrelated imaging studies. The diagnosis of a thyroid nodule is mainly established by performing fine needle aspiration (FNA) under ultrasound guidance. Thyroid nodules are classified as nondiagnostic, defined in the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology as samples with excess blood, cyst fluid only, and lack of thyroid follicular cells. The current study evaluates a series of nondiagnostic FNAs to assess whether repeat sampling improves yield and what patient management, and outcomes are after a nondiagnostic FNA.MethodsThyroid FNAs from 2016 to 2023 were retrieved from our institution archives. All cases were performed under ultrasound guidance and with rapid on‐site evaluation. Cases were assigned the Bethesda System Category. Nondiagnostic FNAs were further reviewed for repeat FNA procedures, potential molecular testing, or diagnostic resections.ResultsIn total 3104 thyroid FNAs were reviewed, with 153 (4.9%) being nondiagnostic. Of the 154 FNAs, there were 129 patients with an average age of 60 and a male‐to‐female ratio of 1:3.2. Of the 130 patients, there were 50 patients who underwent 55 repeat FNAs. Thirty‐seven (67%) of the repeats were benign, 13 (24%) were nondiagnostic again, and 5 (9%) were atypia of undetermined significance (AUS). Molecular testing was performed on repeat FNAs diagnosed AUS. Four cases showed no mutations and had a high likelihood of being benign. One case did have an NRAS Q61R mutation, and resection revealed a noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features.Seventeen (13% of all cases) with nondiagnostic FNA were resected. Twelve (71%) thyroidectomies showed benign adenomatous nodules. The remainder showed incidental papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (0.1 cm), an infarcted follicular adenoma, a noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features, and metastatic renal cell carcinoma (2×).ConclusionThyroid nodules with nondiagnostic cytology are reassuring of being highly likely a benign nodule. Only 5 of the 55 (9%) repeat FNAs yielded abnormalities, with only one of those being truly a follicular neoplasm (confirmed by molecular testing and resection). No primary thyroid malignancies have been identified in follow‐up (repeat FNA or surgery). Clinical and ultrasound follow‐up may be more appropriate management for nondiagnostic thyroid FNAs.
Evaluating mountain lion diet before and after a removal of feral horses in a semiarid environment
Authors: Iacono Peter C. , Schoenecker Kathryn A. , Manlove Kezia R. , Jackson Pat J. , Stoner David C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNon‐native species can affect ecosystems by influencing native predator‐prey dynamics. Therefore, management interventions designed to remove non‐natives may inadvertently lead to increased predation on native species. Feral horses are widely distributed throughout the arid parts of western North America. A growing body of research indicates that horses can be an important prey species to mountain lions in ecosystems where they overlap. In December 2020, the Bureau of Land Management removed 455 horses from the Delamar Mountains, Nevada, USA. We leveraged this management intervention to implement a before–after–control–impact study to test hypotheses about predation on horses and native ungulates. We predicted (1) that horses would comprise an important part of the diet in this mixed‐prey community, (2) following removal, the proportion of horses in the diet would decrease and native ungulates would increase, and (3) mountain lion home ranges overlapping the treatment areas would increase in response to decreased prey availability. From 2018 to 2022, we investigated 1360 clusters from 29 GPS‐collared lions and identified 1056 prey items. To model the probability of a predation event (a kill), we fit a mixed‐effects logistic regression model for ungulate prey as a function of lion sex, treatment area (in/out), and treatment period (pre‐/post‐removal). We used a log‐linear regression model to evaluate changes in home range size. The most common prey were mule deer (55%), feral horses (32%), and coyotes (4%). Twenty‐two of 29 lions consumed horses, although the rate of horse consumption was highly variable across individuals. Horses of both sexes and all age classes were predated. In contrast to predictions, our models detected no effect of removals on diet composition (βinteraction = 0.30 ± 1.1), nor did the removal influence home range size (βinteraction = 0.02 ± 0.02). Despite a 46% reduction in horse abundance, we found no evidence for prey‐switching following the horse removal treatment. Removal magnitude, rapid horse immigration, and/or behavioral specialization of individual mountain lions may help explain these results. Our findings have important implications for mountain lion and feral horse management in arid environments characterized by high prey diversity, but low prey abundance.
Heart failure in first‐ and second‐generation immigrants aged 18–54 years in Sweden: A national study
Authors: Wändell Per , Li Xinjun , Carlsson Axel C. , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeWe aimed at analysing the risk of congestive heart failure (CHF) among first‐ and second‐generation immigrants in younger age groups.MethodsAll individuals aged 18–54 years, n = 3 973 454 in the first‐generation study and n = 3 817 560 in the second‐generation study, were included. CHF was defined as at least one registered diagnosis in the National Patient Register between 1 January 1998 and 31 December 2018. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the relative risk [hazard ratios (HRs) with 99% confidence intervals (CIs)] of incident CHF with adjustments for age, co‐morbidities and socio‐demographics.ResultsIn the first‐generation study, a total of 85 719 cases of CHF were registered, 54 369 men and 31 350 women, where fully adjusted models showed HRs for all foreign‐born men of 1.12 (99% CI 1.06–1.17) and for women of 0.99 (0.92–1.05). Groups with higher risk included men from Eastern Europe, Central Europe, Africa and Asia and women from Africa and Asia, and a lower risk was found among Latin American women. In the second‐generation study, a total of 88 999 cases of CHF were registered, 58 403 men and 30 596 women, where fully adjusted models showed HRs for second‐generation men of 1.04 (0.99–1.09) and women of 0.97 (0.90–1.04).ConclusionsThe higher risk in some foreign‐born groups needs to be paid attention to in clinical practice. The fact that almost all increased risks were attenuated and absent in second‐generation immigrants suggests that lifestyle and environmental factors are more important than genetic differences in the risk of CHF.
Expanding 1‐Aminosugar Synthesis through Activated Glycals’ Reactivity
Authors: Li Linlin , Lemouton Emma , Al Ayi Yahya , Ryzhakov Dmytro , Retailleau Pascal , Messaoudi Samir , Ferry Angélique 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGlycal family offers an interesting platform whose reactivity let the possibility to reach diverse glycoanalogues. In particular, the Ferrier rearrangement allows the introduction of diverse nucleophiles on the anomeric position but stays limited with regard to the nitrogen‐containing nucleophiles, which can be possibly used with success. Herein, we utilize peracetylated C2‐substituted glycal substrates to achieve Ferrier‐type 1‐aminoglycoside compounds under activator‐free conditions, resulting in moderate to good yields and good to excellent β‐selectivity. Various secondary amines have been successfully employed. We explored the influence of C2‐substitution (electron‐withdrawing character) and glycal configuration, synthesizing 20 different 1‐aminoglycosides through this method.
Pseudanamomis Kausel, eine neue Myrtaceengattung für die Flora von Cuba
Authors: Bisse Johannes 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungIn der vorliegenden Arbeit wird der Nachweis erbracht, daβ die Myrtaceengattung Pscudanamomis Kausel in Cuba vorkommt. Es werden acht Arten aus Cuba, zwei aus Mexico und eine von den Kleinen Antillen, bisher bei Eugenia, zu dieser Gattung kombiniert. Eine Art aus Cuba wird neu beschrieben.
ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy imaging of bone repair in mandibular laser‐osteotomy
Authors: Benetti Carolina , Blay Alberto , Correa Luciana , Verlangieri Marco Aurelio , dos Santos Moisés O. , Kazarian Sergei G. , Zezell Denise M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of attenuated total reflectance‐fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy in the characterization of bone repair in mandibular osteotomy using erbium, chromium‐doped yttrium, scandium, gallium and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser and multilaminate drill on each side. Two mandible bone fragments were removed from 30 rabbits, and the process of bone repair was studied immediately, 3, 7, 15, 21, and 28 days after the surgery. The histological analysis allowed detecting differences in the early stages of tissue repair after bone cutting performed with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser or multilaminate drill. The ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy technique was sensitive to changes in the organic content of bone tissue repair process.
Effects of tanshinone IIA on endothelial cell dysfunction in uremic condition
Authors: Wang Li‐hua , Yang Bo , Wang Zhe , Jia Lan , Chen Hai‐yan , Bi Xue‐qing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred vascular access for hemodialysis in uremic patients, yet its dysfunction poses a significant clinical challenge. Venous stenosis, primarily caused by venous neointimal hyperplasia, is a key factor in the failure of vascular access. During vascular access dysfunction, endothelial cells (ECs) transform mechanical stimuli into intracellular signals and interact with vascular smooth muscle cells. Tanshinone IIA, an important compound derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been widely used to treat cardiovascular diseases. However, its role in modulating ECs under uremic conditions remains incompletely understood. In this research, ECs were exposed to sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) and subjected to shear stress and uremic conditions. The results indicate that STS can reduce the suppressive effects on the expression of NF‐κB p65, JNK and Collagen I in uremia‐induced ECs. Moreover, the downregulation of NF‐κB p65, JNK and Collagen I can be enhanced through the inhibition of ERK1/2 and the upregulation of Caveolin‐1. These findings suggest that tanshinone IIA may improve EC function under uremic conditions by targeting the Caveolin‐1/ERK1/2 pathway, presenting tanshinone IIA as a potential therapeutic agent against AVF immaturity caused by EC dysfunction.