bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical composition and properties of spray-dried sugar beet concentrate obtained after ultrafiltration of diffusion juice
Authors: Regiec Piotr , Kita Agnieszka , Boruczkowska Hanna , Drożdż Wioletta 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Ultrafiltration of diffusion juice is a method that can reduce environmental pollution during the production of sugar. A by-product (concentrate) of ultrafiltration contains a large amount of sucrose, but due to its properties, it is difficult to manage. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the temperature used during drying of diffusion juice concentrates on the content of certain components and characteristics of resultant preparations. Diffusion juice obtained from one of the Polish sugar plants was subjected to ultrafiltration and the obtained concentrates were dried in a spray dryer. In the dried samples, the following parameters were analyzed: dry mass, sucrose, total ash, protein, crude fiber and color. It has been declared that the degree of concentration and drying temperature influenced the chemical composition and the properties of the dehydrated diffusion juice concentrates. An increase in drying temperature was accompanied by the increased content of dry mass, protein, ash and fiber content in the preparations. The greater the degree of juice concentration, the greater was the content of dry mass, ash, and fiber. Inversely, the greater the degree of juice concentration, the lower the content of sucrose. The brightest color of the dehydrated product was observed at the drying temperature of 200°C. Spray-drying may be used for waste management after the diffusion juice membrane filtration, and the resultant preparations might be used in the production of feedstuff or food industry in general e.g. as sucrose source, in fermentation processes or in microorganisms propagation.
A Successful Resection of Two Giant Mediastinal Neurogenic Tumors
Authors: Brzeziński Daniel , łochowski Mariusz , Kozak Józef 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe reported two cases of the giant mediastinal neurogenic tumors. Patients were women in middle age. In both cases the chest X-ray and CT (computed tomography) demonstrated the huge mass in a pleural cavity without intraspinal invasion. Radical procedures with removal of the giant tumors were performed. The postoperative treatment course was uneventful. The pathology showed schwannoma and neurofibroma. The follow up examination (6-24 months) showed no recurrence of the disease.
The Efficiency of Burn Wounds Debridement with Use of Hydrosurgery - Our Experiences
Authors: Kawecki Marek , Mikuś-Zagórska Karolina , Glik Justyna , Nowak Mariusz 
Published: May 2015

Abstractwas to present experience of doctors from the Center for Burns Treatment in Siemianowice Śląskie who use a Versajet system.. Debridement with the use of a water jet was applied in 70 patients with IIbo /IIIo thermal burns in the period between 2009-2013. The corresponding evaluation involved duration of operation, locations, wound surfaces and technique of debridement after operation. Microbiological tests were also performed before and after debridement.. In the paper, its authors draw attention to the short time of debridement. The application of a water jet allows precise debridement, particularly in hardly accessible places, preparation of wounds to be covered with autologous split thickness skin graft, protection of healthy tissues.
Effects of Explosive Type Strength Training on Selected Physical and Technical Performance Characteristics in Middle Distance Running - a Case Report
Authors: Maćkała Krzysztof , JÓŹwiak łukasz , Stodółka Jacek 
Published: May 2015

Abstract

Introduction
. Distance running performance is a simple function of developing high speeds and maintaining this speed as long as possible. Thus a correct running technique becomes an important component of performance. Technique is effective if the competitor can reach a better performance result with the same or lower energy consumption. The purpose of this investigation was to examine a six weeks application explosive type strength training on lower extremities power and maximum speed performance improvement in order to facilitate running technique in sub-elite male middle-distance runner.
Material and methods
. A sub-elite runner performed twice a week special exercises and running drills. He completed a pre and post-training jumping (SJ, CMJ, standing long jump, standing five jump) and speed (20 m from standing and flying start) field tests. For kinematical analysis, a video (SIMI Motion System) of a 10 m sprint from a 20 m flying start was collected.
Results
. Improvement occurred in all measurements but strong changes were evident in the 10 m from 20 flying start and in stride frequency from 3.90 to 4.01 Hz, due to decreasing of ground contact time from 160 to 156 ms. No strong evidence in the participant's running technique changes.
Conclusion
. This proved that six weeks of dynamic type strength program seems to improve neuromuscular characteristics of running speed and explosive power and no changes in running technique.
The Participation of Girls and Boys from Ages 10 to 18 in Structured Sports and Extra-Curricular Activities in the Aspect of Social and Economic Conditions
Authors: Dmitruk Agnieszka , Popławska Helena , GÓrniak Krystyna , Hołub Wojciech 
Published: May 2015

Abstract

Introduction
. The importance of socio-economic factors in differentiating the physical activities of children and teenagers keeps changing. That is why the goal of this research was to identify certain social variables amongst those listed most often which differentiate the level of targeted physical activity of urban children and youths from the Bialskie district.
Material and methods
. The research was conducted on 1.084 students between the ages of 10 and 18. Three age groups were chosen: 10 to 12, 13 to 15, and 16 to 18. Information about the attendance of respondents in Physical Education classes and structured extra-curricular sport activities, as well as preferred forms of physical activities were collected via a diagnostic survey. The same method was used in the assessment of the socio-economic status of the families of the respondents. The relations between attendance in extra-curricular sports activities and socio-economic factors was assessed by a multifactoral logistic regression model, and the statistical relevance of the differences was calculated by the Wald test.
Results
. Attendance in structured extra-curricular physical activity depended mostly on income per family member. In the case of type of work performed by parents, the attendance rate in both boys and girls was higher if the parents performed intellectual work. Parents' education and number of children in the family did not have a high influence on the attendance of respondents in structured extra-curricular sport activities.
Conclusions
. Increasing disproportions in societal prosperity can be an important factor limiting the attendance of the poorest group of children and youths in structured physical activities. The lack of influence on physical activity of such socio-economic variables as parents' education and the number of children in the family can be connected with the change of meaning of those factors in modern society (depreciation of the importance of higher education, decreased fertility).
Natural immunity factors in Polish mixed breed rabbits
Authors: Tokarz-Deptuła B. , Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej P. , Adamiak M. , Hukowska-Szematowicz B. , Trzeciak-Ryczek A. , Deptuła W. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMixed-breed rabbits in Poland are widely used for diagnostic and scientific research and as utility animals, therefore there is a need to know their immunological status, as well as their haematological status. In this study natural immunity factors were analyzed in Polish mixed-breed rabbits and Polish mixed-breed rabbits with addition of blood of meet-breed, considering the impact of sex and season of the year (spring, summer, autumn, winter) using measurement of non-specific cellular and humoral immunity parameters in peripheral blood. The study has revealed that there is a variety between the two commonly used mixed-breed types of rabbits, especially when sex and season is concerned, which is crucial for using these animals in experiments.
Neuropeptide Y as a presynaptic modulator of norepinephrine release from the sympathetic nerve fibers in the pig pineal gland
Authors: Ziółkowska N. , Lewczuk B. , Przybylska-Gornowicz B. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractNorepinephrine (NE) released from the sympathetic nerve endings is the main neurotransmitter controlling melatonin synthesis in the mammalian pineal gland. Although neuropeptide Y (NPY) co-exists with NE in the pineal sympathetic nerve fibers it also occurs in a population of non-adrenergic nerve fibers located in this gland. The role of NPY in pineal physiology is still enigmatic. The present study characterizes the effect of NPY on the depolarization-evoked3H-NE release from the pig pineal explants.The explants of the pig pineal gland were loaded with3H-NE in the presence of pargyline and superfused with Tyrode medium. They were exposed twice to the modified Tyrode medium containing 60 mM of K+to evoke the3H-NE release via depolarization. NPY, specific agonists of Y1- and Y2-receptors and pharmacologically active ligands of α2-adrenoceptors were added to the medium before and during the second depolarization. The radioactivity was measured in medium fractions collected every 2 minutes during the superfusion.NPY (0.1 – 10 μM) significantly decreased the depolarization-induced3H-NE release. Similar effect was observed after the treatment with Y2-agonist: NPY13-36, but not with Y1-agonist: [Leu31, Pro34]-NPY. The tritium overflow was lower in the explants exposed to the 5 μM NPY and 1 μM rauwolscine than to rauwolscine only. The effects of 5 μM NPY and 0.05 μM UK 14,304 on the depolarization-evoked3H-NE release were additive.The results show that NPY is involved in the regulation of NE release from the sympathetic terminals in the pig pineal gland, inhibiting this process via Y2-receptors.
Effect of humic-plant feed preparations on biochemical blood parameters of laying hens in deep litter housing system
Authors: Bubel F. , Dobrzański Z. , Gaweł A. , Pogoda-Sewerniak K. , Grela E.R. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAn influence of various humic-plant feed additives based on some herbs (nettle, chamomile, yarrow, perforatum), lucerne and humic materials on biochemical indices of Lohmann Brown (LB) layers blood plasma was estimated. Hens were housed in deep litter system, 20 birds in a group. Four groups were formed: control (C – standard feeding), and experimental, supplemented with preparations: E-1 herbal-humic, E-2 humic-herbal and E-3 – humic-lucerne. Hens were placed in the pens on the 16thweek of life, addition of preparations with standard food mixture started at the 22ndwk and lasted until 66thwk of life. Blood for analyses was collected four times in the following periods: 27, 37, 54 and 65thwk of life. The applied humic-plant preparations to a limited degree affected the values of examined biochemical parameters in serum: total protein (TP), albumins (Albs), glucose (Glu), urea, triacylglycerols (TAG), total cholesterol (TCh), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). It is difficult to determine based on these study, which preparation is one the most active biologically, however is seems that humic-lucerne preparation affected the examined blood parameters to the highest degree. The reference values ranges in hens blood serum LB hens were proposed for: TP (43-65 g/l), Albs (15-22 g/l), urea (0.5-1.2 mmol/l), Glu 10-15 mmol/l), TCh (2.2-4.5 mmol/l), TAG (10-24 mmol/l), AST (4-12 U/l), ALT (150-280 mmol/l) and ALP (190-350 U/l).
Detection of the bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in young beef cattle in eastern and south-eastern regions of Poland
Authors: Wernicki A. , Urban-Chmiel R. , Stęgierska D. , Adaszek Ł. , Kalinowski M. , Puchalski A. , Dec M. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In view of the scarcity of information concerning viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infections in beef cattle in Poland, the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of the BVDV in young beef cattle from selected herds in eastern and south-eastern regions of Poland. The material consisted of 78 sera obtained from beef cattle from 15 farms, aged 6-12 months. The anti-BVDV antibody level in the sera was estimated with an ELISA kit, and detection of the BVDV was carried out by standard PCR and one step Real-Time RT-PCR. The ELISA results showed a high degree (80%) of positivity in 5 of the 78 samples. In 7 samples the degree of positivity was in the very low range: ≤40%. Of the 78 cDNA samples, the presence of genetic material with a length of 288 bp was found by standard PCR in 3 sera. The genetic material of BVDV was also found in the sera of the same three calves by Real-Time HRM PCR. BVDV infection in young beef cattle in south-eastern Poland is not a significant problem. This was confirmed by the positive ELISA results for 6.4% of the animals and the positive PCR results for 3.9%. The percentage of positive beef herds was about 8.6%. However, due to the severe nature of the disease and rapid transmission of the virus, regular monitoring of BVDV should be carried out.
Large granular lymphoma in six cats
Authors: Sapierzyński R. , Jankowska U. , Jagielski D. , Kliczkowska-Klarowicz K. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Large granular lymphomas (LGLs) comprise a specific group of lymphomas regardless of classification scheme. An LGL consists of cells that show less or more mature morphology, but typically neoplastic cells possess cytoplasmic azurophilic granules clearly visible during cytological examination. The aim of the present study was to present clinical and cytological data on large granular lymphomas in cats and to analyses the therapeutic responses in treated cases. During the period from 2012 to 2014 six cats were as having large granular lymphoma. In one cat a nasal form of LGL was recognized, a systemic form was recognized in another cat, and in four cases an alimentary form was recognized. Cellular samples for cytopathology were collected from the cat with nasal cavity mass, from the enlarged mandibular lymph node and thoracic cavity from second cat, and in four cats from the abdominal mass during ultrasound-assisted fine-needle biopsy. Therapy was introduced in 5 of the 6 cats. In two cases palliative therapy with glucocorticoids was conducted, in two cases chemotherapy with COP protocol, and therapy with masitinib in one case. The median of survival time for cats treated with anticancer therapy was 9 months, the median of survival time for cats treated with glucocorticoids was 1.5 months. In conclusion, large granular lymphomas, especially the alimentary form, are a relatively common type of lymphoma in cats. Simple diagnostic methods such as clinical examination, imaging techniques and routine cytology are sufficient in majority of cases. Despite aggressive behavior and poor general prognosis, conventional chemotherapy lead to a good response in some treated cats regardless of anatomic form and histologic grade of malignancy.
The splenocyte proliferative response and cytokine secretion in mice after oral administration of commercial gold nanocolloid
Authors: Małaczewska J. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Owing to their unique physicochemical properties, gold nanoparticles find numerous biomedical applications. Experiments on rodents prove that the main target organs of gold nanoparticles entering an organism are the liver and spleen, whose reticuloendothelial system removes foreign particles from the bloodstream. Through interactions with resident tissue macrophages, nanoparticles can evoke a systemic immunological response.
The aim of this study has been to determine the effect of oral administration of commercial gold nanocolloid, recommended by the producer inter alia as a dietary supplement, on the proliferative activity and cytokine secretion by murine splenocytes. The colloid was given to the animals in three different doses (0.25, 2.5, 25 ppm), for three different time periods (7, 14, 28 days). The influence of nanogold on splenocyte functions was time-dependent and the various doses were distinguished by distinct modes of action. The lowest dose had a pro-inflammatory or immunostimulating effect, enhancing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α). The effect of the highest dose can be considered as a pro-inflammatory, or immunotoxic one, because the stimulated cytokine synthesis was accompanied by a drastic decline in the proliferative activity of lymphocytes. The medium dose, while inhibiting the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines of macrophages, simultaneously stimulated the proliferation of lymphocytes. All the doses also modulated the synthesis of IL-2, which may implicate their effect on the immunoregulatory mechanisms of an organism. The effect of alimentary administration of gold nanocolloid on the immune system seems to be difficult to predict, hence a risk that this type of dietary supplements might have some adverse impact on the immunity cannot be excluded, especially after their chronic administration.
Cecal enzyme activity in gilts following experimentally induced Fusarium mycotoxicosis
Authors: Śliżewska K. , Nowak A. , Piotrowska M. , Żakowska Z. , Gajęcka M. , Zielonka Ł. , Gajęcki M. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe objective of the presented study was to examine the influence ofFusariummycotoxins (zearalenone – ZEN and deoxynivalenol – DON), administered separately and in combination, on the activity of cecal enzymes (β-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase) in gilts which were fed fodder contaminated with these mycotoxins. The activity of β-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase varied in the range of 0.170-1.236 μmol · h−1· mg−1and 8.701-96.704 μmol · h−1· mg−1, respectively. In the first two weeks, the toxins had no significant effect on the activity of β-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase in the ascending and descending colon. After week 3 and later on, ZEN and DON administered as a mixture led to the highest increase in the activity of both enzymes. Administered separately, DON affected the activity of enzymes more than ZEN. From the third week of the experiment, an increase in the activity of CW β-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase was observed.
The effects of dietary deoxynivalenol (DON) on selected blood biochemical and hematological parameters in pre-pubertal gilts
Authors: Zielonka Ł. , Gajęcka M. , Tarasiuk M. , Gajęcki M. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether exposure to low doses of DON leads to changes in serum hematological and biochemical profiles. In the experiment, pre-pubertal gilts (with body weight of up to 25 kg) were administered DON per os at a daily dose of 12 μg/kg BW (group E, n=18) or a placebo (group C, n=21) over a period of 42 days. Blood for analysis was sampled seven times at weekly intervals. Minor, but statistically significant changes were observed in selected indicators, particularly in weeks 2 and 3 in values of biochemical parameters such AlAT, AspAT, Pin and Fe, and in values of hematological parameters such as RBC, MCV, MCHC, PLT, MPV, WBC, neutrophil, eosinophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts. In group E, a decreasing trend of the values was observed in most cases, except for RBC, PLT, eosinophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts. Similar results were obtained in the last two weeks of the experiment. Initially, exposure to DON has a stimulating effect, which is eliminated when adaptive mechanisms are triggered. The results of the study indicate that the intensity of biotransformation processes varies subjected to the body's energy resources.
Medicago Scutellata Seed Dormancy Breaking by Ultrasonic Waves
Authors: Nazari Meisam , Sharififar Amin , Asghari Hamid Reza 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTIn this study dormancy breaking of a hard-coated plant seed, Medicago scutellata, was investigated. The ultrasonic waves effect on the seed germination percentage, germination rate, radicle length and stalk length growth was assessed. Six treatments of waves exposure periods including 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 minutes were tested under laboratorial conditions. Statistical analyses were done at probability level of 0.01. Results revealed that the ultrasonic waves have a significantly positive effect on the seed dormancy breaking, but there was no linear correlation between the increasing times of exposure with any of the growth features. The best treatment for germination percentage and germination rate was the 7-minute one and the 3-minute one was the best for radicle length growth. Treatments of 3, 5 and 7 minutes had the same effect on stalk length growth and were better than all other treatments. The 9-minute treatment had a negative effect, even lessening the growth of all of the assessed features in comparison with the control treatment.
Gene Action and Combing Ability of Some Agronomic Traits in Corn Using Diallel Analysis
Authors: Hossein Haddadi Mohammad , Esmaeilov Maqsadollah , Choukan Rajab , Rameeh Valiollah 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
Combining ability estimates are important genetic attributes to maize breeders in anticipating improvement via hybridization and selection. To determine the combining ability for yield and yield associated traits, 8 diverse corn inbred lines were used in a half diallel mating design. Twenty eight F1 progenies along with their parents were planted in randomized complete block design with four replications in two locations during two years. Combined analysis of variance showed significant mean squares of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combing ability (SCA) for Days to silking emergence (DS), plant height (PH), 1000-kernel weight (KW), number of kernels in ear row (KR), number of rows in ear( NR ) , ear diameter (ED), cob diameter (CD), kernel yield (KY) indicating that the importance of both additive and non additive genetic effects for these traits. However, high narrow-sense heritability estimates, low degree of dominance and the ratio of estimates of GCA to SCA effects for DS , NR and CD indicated that additive genetic effect was more important for these traits. Most of the crosses with significant SCA effects for KY had at least one parent with significant GCA effects for the same traits. Significant positive correlations were detected between KY and other yield components including KW, KR, NR and ED, therefore these traits can be used as indirect selection criteria for KY improvement. The crosses MO17 × Line8, MO17 × Line 10 and MO17 × Line 12, Line 8 × Line 10 and Line 8 × Line 21 with high values of KY were considered as good cross combinations for improving the trait.