bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Power spectra and circular polarization of primordial gravitational waves with parity and Lorentz violations
Authors: Li Tian-Chen , Zhu Tao , Zhao Wen , Wang Anzhong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe violations of parity and Lorentz symmetries in gravity can change the propagating properties of gravitational waves (GWs) in the cosmological background, which can arise from a large number of parity- and Lorentz-violating theories. In this paper, through a systematic parametrization for characterizing possible derivations from the standard GW propagation in general relativity, we study both the parity- and Lorentz-violating effects on the power spectra and the polarization of the primordial gravitational waves (PGWs) during the slow-roll inflation. To this end, we calculate explicitly the power spectrum and the corresponding circular polarization of the PGWs analytically by using the uniform asymptotic approximation. It is shown that the new contributions to power spectra contain two parts, one from the parity-violating terms and the other from the Lorentz-violating terms. While the Lorentz-violating terms can only affect the overall amplitudes of PGWs, the parity-violating terms induce nonzero circular polarization of PGWs, i.e., the left-hand and right-hand polarization modes of GWs have different amplitudes.
A closer look at the electromagnetic signatures of Bethe-Heitler pair production process in blazars
Authors: Karavola D. , Petropoulou M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The “twin birth” of a positron and an electron by a photon in the presence of a nucleus, known as Bethe-Heitler pair production, is a key process in astroparticle physics. The Bethe-Heitler process offers a way of channeling energy stored in a population of relativistic protons (or nuclei) to relativistic pairs with extended distributions. Contrary to accelerated leptons, whose maximum energy is limited by radiative losses, the maximal energy of pairs is determined by the kinematics of the process and can be as high as the parent proton energy. We take a closer look at the features of the injected pair distribution, and provide a novel empirical function that describes the spectrum of pairs produced by interactions of single-energy protons with single-energy photons. The function is the kernel of the Bethe-Heitler pair production spectrum that replaces a double numerical integration involving the complex differential cross section of the process, and can be easily implemented in numerical codes. We further examine under which conditions Bethe-Heitler pairs produced in blazar jets can emit γ-ray photons via synchrotron radiation, thus providing an alternative to the inverse Compton scattering process for high-energy emission in jetted active galactic nuclei. For this purpose, we create 36 numerical models using the code ATHEνA optimized so that the Bethe-Heitler synchrotron emission dominates their γ-ray emission.
After taking into consideration the broadband spectral characteristics of the source, the jet energetics, and the properties of radiation fields present in the blazar environment, we conclude that γ-rays in high-synchrotron-peaked blazars are unlikely to be produced by Bethe-Heitler pairs, because the emitting region is found to be opaque in photon-photon pair production at photon energies ≳ 10 GeV. On the contrary, γ-ray spectra of low-synchrotron-peaked blazars may arise from Bethe-Heitler pairs in regions of the jet with typical transverse size ∼ 1015 – 1016 cm and co-moving magnetic field 50 – 500 G. For such cases, an external thermal target photon field with temperatures T ∼ 4 · 102– 6 · 103 K is needed. The latter values could point to the dusty torus of the AGN. Interestingly, a Bethe-Heitler-dominated high-energy component is mostly found in models of intermediate-synchrotron peaked blazars, for a wide range of magnetic fields and source radii.
Thermal fluctuations, deflection angle, and greybody factor of a high-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole in scalar–tensor–vector gravity
Authors: Li Qian , Zhang Yu , Li Qi-Quan , Sun Qi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this study, we examined the thermal fluctuations, deflection angle, and greybody factor of a high-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole in scalar–tensor–vector gravity (STVG). We calculated some thermodynamic quantities related to the correction of the black hole entropy caused by thermal fluctuations and discussed the effect of the correction parameters on these quantities. By analyzing the changes in the corrected specific heat, we found that thermal fluctuations made the small black hole more stable. It is worth noting that the STVG parameter did not affect the thermodynamic stability of this black hole. Additionally, by utilizing the Gauss–Bonnet theorem, the deflection angle was obtained in the weak field limit, and the effects of the two parameters on the results were visualized. Finally, we calculated the bounds on the greybody factor of a massless scalar field. We observed that as the STVG parameter around the black hole increased, the weak deflection angle became larger, and more scalar particles can reach infinity. However, the spacetime dimension has the opposite effect on the STVG parameter on the weak deflection angle and greybody factor.
Ultra-broadband and wide-angle reflective terahertz polarization conversion metasurface based on topological optimization
Authors: Zhang 张 Ya-Jie 亚杰 , Li 李 Chao-Long 潮龙 , Luan 栾 Jia-Qi 迦淇 , Zhao 赵 Ming 茗 , Gao 郜 Ding-Shan 定山 , Li 李 Pei-Li 培丽 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Terahertz polarization conversion devices have significant potential applications in various fields such as terahertz imaging and spectroscopy. In this paper, we utilize genetic algorithms to topologically optimize the metasurface unit cells and design a reflective linear polarization conversion metasurface with ultra-broadband and wide-angle characteristics. By partitioning the metallic pattern layer into quadrants, the encoding length is effectively reduced, resulting in a shorter optimization time. The research results indicate that the converter possesses a polarization conversion efficiency ratio higher than 90% and a relative bandwidth ratio of 125% in a range of 0.231–0.995 THz. Meanwhile, it can maintain excellent polarization conversion properties when the incident angle of terahertz waves is less than 45° and the polarization angle is less than 15°, demonstrating excellent practicality. New insights are provided for the design of terahertz wide-angle ultra-wideband polarization conversion devices, and the proposed metasurfce has potential applications in terahertz polarization imaging, spectroscopy and communication fields.
Sequencing seabed morphology through bathymetric profiling on Brebes coastal area
Authors: Wongsokarto M , Trihatmoko E , Nurlinda  , Widodo J , Sanjoto T B , Marfai M A , Aji A , Annaufal M H , Yulianasari D , Syarifatunnada H 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The sedimentation process encompasses both morpho-dynamic and hydrodynamic aspects, but hydrodynamic-related sedimentation studies have received greater attention. Our data mining shows that total publication on the hydrodynamic aspect 2% greater than the morphodynamic aspect, indicating a bias towards this aspect in sedimentation research. Morphosedimentary studies offer an alternative approach to conducting sedimentation research with a focus on the morpho-dynamic aspect. Brebes Regency, located on the north coast of Central Java, experiences significant accretion, making it an ideal location for this study. The overarching objective of this research is to analyze bed load flow patterns within the nearshore zone of Brebes Regency, Central Java, Indonesia, by considering morphosedimentary features. To achieve this, we utilized bathymetry data from sources such as GEBCO and National DEM Data (BATNAS), alongside field validation. Initial desk analysis revealed a depression in the western part of the Brebes coastal area, characterized by a depth of 15 meters, situated within the middle of the upper slope morphosedimentary region. To validate this finding, we overlaid the data with BATNAS. Subsequent analysis indicated that the depression had flattened out over time. Instead, the final results indicate that bed load flows originate in the west bay of the Brebes coastal area and flow northeastward.
Endophytic Bacteria Improves the Growth of Tomato Plants: An Initial Trial Towards Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Sidiq Yasir , Assyifa Arbiatun Nurlaili , Rahayu Triastuti , Mumpuni Kistantia Elok 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Microbe-based biofertilizer remains high demand toward sustainable agriculture. Previous study isolated three potential endophytic bacteria from the root of klutuk banana plants namely K2, K8, and K117. The potencies were indicated by IAA production ability. This experiment examined the influence of root inoculation using these endophytic bacteria on the growth of tomato plants. Isolate preparation was initiated by shaking the three isolates in the Nutrient Broth medium for six hours. The seeds of tomato plants were germinated by soaking in sterile water for an hour after surface sterilization. Then, the soaked seeds were incubated for 3 days on the moist paper towel in the petri dish to achieve a high humidity. The germinated tomato seeds were inoculated by soaking the root tip in the bacterial isolates for 10 minutes. Subsequently, the inoculated tomato plants were grown on sterile soils in the greenhouse condition. The height of the plants, leaf count, root length, and quantity of roots were assessed 28 days after inoculation (dai). The t-test analysis indicated two isolates, K2 and K117, significantly improved the height of the plants, leaf count and root lengths compared to the control. In addition, all isolates significantly increased the number of roots of tomato plants. This finding revealed the plant growth improvement caused by root inoculation by these potential endophytic bacteria. This preliminary study gives additional information about a novel biofertilizer for sustainable agriculture.
The Impact of Population Growth on Land Covers in Tegal Regency, Indonesia in 2015 and 2023
Authors: Prawesti A D , Wardhani P I , Surachman D 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The purpose of study was to examine how Tegal Regency’s population expansion has affected the land cover for eight years and identify the land cover changes in Tegal Regency that resulted from population growth between 2015 and 2023. This research used descriptive quantitative because of the population growth rate calculation and spatial analysis to compare the highest and lowest population growth and determine the amount of land cover change in 2015-2023 in Tegal Regency. The results of this study showed that the Bojong Sub-district had the highest population growth rate of 2.46%, with a growth of 13,327 people, while the Talang Sub-district had the lowest growth rate of 0.90%, with a growth of 7,492 people. The higher the population, the more land is needed to build settlements, so there is a change in built-up land cover, which in 2015 was 13,900.47 ha to 15,417.70 ha in 2023. The most built-up land cover has increased in area in Margasari Sub-district because of the high population change of 15,900 people. In this case, population growth significantly impacted the amount of land cover in Tegal Regency in 2015-2023.
How Effective is the Law in Supporting the Smart Environment Program in Smart City Surakarta?
Authors: Nurhayati Nunik , Zulfa Alfian Sherendra , Enggarani Nuria Siswi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Implementation of the Smart Environment program in the City of Surakarta requires effective regulations to realize advanced and quality city development. However, there are still several environmental problems that need to be addressed. This research uses an empirical juridical approach with data collected through literature study, interviews and questionnaires. The research results show that the implementation of Smart Environment provides benefits to a sustainable environment and strengthens Surakarta’s status as an innovative and environmentally friendly city. The effectiveness of the law has made a positive contribution in achieving sustainable development goals in Surakarta. However, several factors do not support the realization of a smart environment, including the lack of green open space and the understanding of the people of Surakarta about smart environments.
The Influence of Emotional Support on the Supportiveness of Students at SMPN 6 Surakarta in Facing Flood Disasters
Authors: Andita E D , Hafida S H N , Musiyam M , Susilawati S A , Wibowo Y A , Isa N K M , Ibrahim M H 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Psychological condition that are often experienced by school students in flood-prone areas are fear and anxiety, so students need to be equipped emotional Support and Supportiveness skills. This research aims to determine the effect of emotional support on supportiveness off students in class VIII SMP Negeri 6 Surakarta in facing the flood disaster. This research uses a quantitative method with a correlational design to measure the degree relationship between two variables, that is emotional support and supportiveness skills well data collected using questionnaires and observations. The respondents in this study were 88 students from class VIII SMPN 6 Surakarta with a sampling technique using simple random sampling. The data analysis technique used is Pearson correlation analysis. The research results show a significance result of 0.019 so that there is a significant influence between Emotional Support on the Supportiveness of class VIII students at SMPN 6 Surakarta in facing the flood disaster. Where the level of student emotional support is 59% and the level of student Supportiveness is 68%. So student in SMPN 6 Surakarta must to increase the emotional support and suportiveness to be more resilient in facing the flood disaster.
The Oil Palm Smallholders Corporation Model Based On Local Specifications In Jambi Province Toward Sustainability
Authors: Yanita Mirawati , Hamid Ernawati , Alamsyah Zulkifli , Napitupulu Dompak , Fauzia Gina , Herlambang Nurachmat , Effran Endy 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The rapid expansion of oil palm plantation areas promoted poverty because of job creation and community welfare. However, oil palm still has substantial socioeconomic and sustainability implications, so an agricultural institution must support the palm oil business. The existing oil palm smallholder institutional is more pragmatic based on needs or meets the requirements to get assistance or facilitation from outside parties. The research objective is to create a model of integration and sustainability of institutional governance based on local specifications of the area. The research uses primary and secondary data sources. Based on the field institutional cooperation of smallholders involving cooperatives, smallholder groups in a corporation, and palm oil mills, supported by regulatory providers. The local government is responsible for establishing, developing, and institutional strengthening smallholders and financial funding support. In addition, it is also necessary to enter input with a Joint partnership program based on a Written Agreement that regulates the rights and obligations of each party, the partnership period, and other binding provisions, including the guarantee of the farmer’s Fruit Fresh Bunch (FFB) price. Institutions implemented following their functions and objectives based on local, and regional specifications to realize the sustainability of independent oil palm smallholders.
Development Strategy Of Agro-tourism For Sustainability Of Agricultural Business Entity: Case Study Of Sawangan Farm In Depok, West Java
Authors: Yodfiatfinda  , Safitri Diana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The lack of net income that farmers receive often puts pressure on the sustainability of agribusiness businesses. This research aims to analyze the agricultural business development strategies through business diversification at an agricultural and livestock business in Depok City called Sawangan Farm Dairy. This study analyses the factors of internal and external environmental conditions that affect the increase in income and plans alternative business development strategies. The research method is descriptive-qualitative using internal factor evaluation (IFE), external factor evaluation (EFE). Analysis method were SWOT analysis and Quantitative Strategies Planning Matrix (QSPM). Sampling technic used were purposive sampling. The results of the IFE analysis show a score of 3.00, which means it is in the high category. This means that the Sawangan Farm business, from an internal aspect, has strategic value to continue to develop. The results of the EFE analysis got a score of 3.32, which is also included in the high category. This can indicate that the company has a strong external position to take advantage of opportunities and overcome existing threats to achieve company goals. The simulation results of the IFE and EFE analysis scores, or the IE matching stage, show that the company is in quadrant I. For the SWOT analysis, six strategies were found, and from the QSPM analysis, the first rank to be implemented was conducting tourism marketing through online media to potential market areas, namely the cities nearest major cities, with a value of 6.88.
Resilience in Agriculture Amidst and Beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Review of Research Trends and Objectives
Authors: Rusman RFY , Salman D , Munir AR , Hastang  
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted all facets of human existence, notably the agricultural sector. The term “resilience” has regained popularity as a means of coping with pandemics. The primary objective of this article is to discern and compile scholarly works pertaining to the concept of resilience in agriculture, specifically in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, it seeks to establish connections between various research domains and the specific research goals outlined in the synthesis articles. The publishing data utilized in this study comprises of research publications written in the English language, with a specific focus on the field of agriculture. The data was sourced from reputable databases such as Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Wiley, covering the period from 2020 to 2023. There is a total of 110 articles that meet the specified inclusion criteria. The articles were stored on the Mendeley platform and afterwards subjected to bibliometric analysis using the VOSviewer software. In addition, it is important to note that papers are categorized according to their geographical location and the specific aims of the research. The primary findings indicate that resilience has been a longstanding research focus, which has regained popularity due to its association with COVID-19. The number of publications pertaining to COVID-19 is steadily rising, with a focus on several keywords including market disruption, case studies, community-supported agriculture, agroecology, and disaster recovery. study primarily targets countries in the Asian continent based on their geographical location. The result shows mostly revolve around investigating the effects of lockdown measures on agricultural production, the agri-food supply chain, livelihoods, and market access. Several study objectives were also focused on examining the resilience of various farming systems and smallholder farmers. This analysis serves as a valuable point of reference for future research pertaining to the resilience of the agricultural sector in the face of various shocks.
The Influence of Household Characteristics, Income, and Technology Access on Household Food Security Post-COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Darwis K , Salam M , Munizu M , Diansari P 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The research was undertaken after synthesizing select findings from prior studies about the effects of COVID-19 on food security. However, it is noteworthy that certain limitations in the research have neglected to address the state of household food security post-COVID-19 pandemic. This scholarly aims to assess the food security situation of households after the COVID-19 outbreak by analyzing the influencing factors, such as age, education level of the household’s chief, number of dependents, income, and access to technology. The employed methodology is a quantitative research strategy that utilizes logistic regression analysis. The study included a sample of 30 households in Pangkajene Kepulauan Regency. The findings indicate that the -2 log-likelihood score was 68.742, less than the Chi-square table value of 70.52. Therefore, it can be concluded that the model met the test criteria for the inclusion of variable X. The Nagelkerke R square coefficient of determination is 88%, indicating that the independent variables exert a statistically significant impact on the dependent variable, namely food security. Partially, education, income, and access to technology notably impact food security. This study has optimistic possibilities for making policy recommendations that governments can use in addressing the global food crisis post-pandemic COVID-19.
Consumer attitude to buy decorative plants at the post-Relocation bandungan flower market, Semarang Regency
Authors: Musthofiah  , Prastiwi Wahyu Dyah , Handayani Migie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The research aimed to analyze consumer attitudes towards attributes namely: location of the market, environmental condition, consumers’ convenience, transportation access, color of plants, and plants resistance both before and after relocation and to analyze the differences in consumer attitudes before and after relocation at the Bandungan Flower Market. The research was conducted from December 2022 to January 2023 at the New Bandungan Flower Market, Semarang Regency. The case study method was used in this research with a purposive sampling technique resulting total of 70 respondents with the criteria of adult consumers at the new Bandungan Flower Market and having purchased products at the Bandungan Flower Market before relocation at least once. Consumer attitudes towards attributes were analyzed using Fishbein multi-attributes and differences in attitudes were analyzed by Wilcoxon test. The results showed that attributes before relocation with good criteria, namely plants color and plant resistance, while attributes after relocation with good criteria were found in all attributes. The value of consumer attitudes before the relocation is 15.03, while after the relocation is 17.61. First, it concluded that the consumer attitude before the relocation was quite good and then increased after the relocation to good. Second, the different tests concluded that there is a significant difference between consumer attitudes before and after the relocation of the Bandungan Flower Market.