bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel Nanoparticles as Semiheterogeneous Catalyst for One‐Pot, Three‐Component Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐4H‐pyrans and Pyran Annulated Heterocyclic Moieties.
Authors: Khurana Jitender M. , Vij Kanika 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPEG‐stabilized nickel nanoparticles catalyze one‐pot tandem Knoevenagel‐cyclocondensation reactions of aldehydes, malononitrile, and carbocyclic/heterocyclic 1,3‐diones which others a very efficient synthetic strategy to 2‐amino‐4H‐pyrans and pyran annulated heterocyclic moieties in outstandingly short reaction times.
ChemInform Abstract: An Expedient Synthesis of 1,2‐Dihydrobenzo[g]quinoline‐5,10‐diones via Copper(II) Triflate‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclization of N‐Propargylaminonaphthoquinones.
Authors: Bala Balasubramanian Devi , Muthusaravanan Sivasubramanian , Perumal Subbu 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of the title quinolines is developed which proceeds via a one‐pot three‐component sequential reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Multi‐Component Synthesis of 1,4‐Dihydropyridine Derivatives in Biocompatible Deep Eutectic Solvents.
Authors: Pednekar Suhas , Bhalerao Rahul , Ghadge Nitin 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe deep eutectic solvent exhibits excellent recyclability without loss of activity up to five runs.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Three‐Component Domino Reactions for the Synthesis of 2‐Arylimidazo[1,2α]pyridines and 2‐Arylimidazo[2,1‐α]isoquinolines.
Authors: Prasanna Pitchaimani , Kumar Sundaravel Vivek , Gunasekaran Pethaiah , Perumal Subbu 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA wide range of the title compounds can be synthesized via an ylide generation/annulation/fragmentation/dehydration reaction sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobical Evaluation of a Novel Class of 1,3,4‐Thiadiazole: Derivatives Bearing 1,2,4‐Triazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine Moiety.
Authors: Luo Yin , Zhang Shuai , Liu Zhi‐Jun , Chen Wu , Fu Jie , Zeng Qing‐Fu , Zhu Hai‐Liang 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDerivative (IXe) exhibits the best antibacterial activity against P.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Densely Functionalized Pyridazines and Fulvene‐Type Compounds Containing Azulene Moiety.
Authors: Devendar Badugu , Wu Chi‐Phi , Chen Chi‐Yuan , Chen Hung‐Chang , Chang Chung‐Hao , Ku Chien‐Kuo , Tsai Cheng‐Yin , Ku Chieh‐Yuan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractEthyl ethoxyazulenecarboxylate (I) is established as a valuable substrate for preparation of various title compounds, interesting building blocks for the synthesis of biologically important compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Diketonization of Alkynes and Its Application for the One‐Pot Synthesis of Quinoxaline Derivatives.
Authors: Liu Yunkui , Chen Xiaoling , Zhang Jian , Xu Zhenyuan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractGold(I)‐catalyzed reaction of alkynes with selectfluor and water as oxygen source affords 1,2‐diketones which can also be trapped with o‐phenylenediamines to give quinoxaline derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Structures of Ryobunins A—C from the Leaves of Clethra barbinervis.
Authors: Sugimoto Sachiko , Matsunami Katsuyoshi , Otsuka Hideaki 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe new ursane‐type triterpene glucoside, ryobunin A (I), a seco‐ursane type triterpene glucoside, ryobunin B (II), and one oleanane type triterpene glucoside, ryobunin C (III), are isolated along with four known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective 6‐Detrimethylsilylation of Per‐O‐TMS‐Protected Carbohydrates in the Presence of Ammonium Acetate.
Authors: Cui Yanli , Cheng Zhaodong , Mao Jianwei , Yu Yongping 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA method for the regioselective removal of primary Tms groups from differently protected carbohydrates is developed using ammonium acetate as mild reagent.
ChemInform Abstract: First Total Synthesis of the Proposed Structures of Orisuaveolines A and B.
Authors: Zhang Jie , Da Shijun , Feng Xiaolin , Chen Xiaoyi , Jiang Jianhui , Li Ying 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe key step in the synthesis of orisuaveolines A (VII) and B (V) is a Pictet—Spengler‐type cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Isolation of Six Isoprenylated Biflavonoids from the Leaves of Garcinia subelliptica.
Authors: Ito Tetsuro , Yokota Renpei , Watarai Tatsuya , Mori Koki , Oyama Masayoshi , Nagasawa Hideko , Matsuda Hideaki , Iinuma Munekazu 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSix new biflavonoids, garciniaflavones A—F, are isolated together with five known biflavonoids and three triperpenoids.
A new methodology for hydrodynamic similarity in bubble columns
Authors: Shaikh Ashfaq , Al‐Dahhan Muthanna 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA new hypothesis has been proposed in this work for hydrodynamic similarity that can be subsequently used for scale‐up of bubble column reactors. The proposed hypothesis takes into account both global (by matching overall gas holdup) as well as local hydrodynamics (by matching time‐averaged radial profile/cross‐sectional distribution of gas holdup) to maintain similarity in two systems. The evaluation of proposed hypothesis has been accomplished utilising advanced diagnostic techniques such as gamma‐ray computed tomography (CT) and computer automated radioactive particle tracking (CARPT). In this work, we experimentally demonstrate that similarity based only on global hydrodynamics does not necessarily ensure similar mixing and turbulence in two systems. It is essential to maintain similar global as well as local hydrodynamics. The hydrodynamic similarity that can be obtained by matching the commonly used dimensionless groups was also evaluated at these experimental conditions.
Review on catalysis related research at CanmetENERGY
Authors: Chen Jinwen , De Crisci Antonio G. , Xing Tingyong 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCanada's oil sands and heavy oil represent a major North American energy source. However, many technological, economic, and environmental challenges must be overcome in order to improve the effectiveness and efficiency required for converting these unconventional oils into clean and high‐quality transportation fuels that meet the ever‐increasing social licence associated with these energy resources. In oil sands bitumen and heavy oil upgrading, and petroleum refining, over 70 % of the processes involve catalysts and catalytic technologies. To advance new catalysts and catalytic technology development for bitumen upgrading and refining, fundamental and applied research has been conducted at CanmetENERGY on hydroprocessing (including catalyst development, reaction mechanism and kinetics, and process/reactor modelling and simulation), fluid catalytic cracking evaluation of bitumen‐derived feedstocks, and other related subjects. In addition, research collaborations have been established and maintained with a number of national and international universities, research organizations, and industrial companies to promote new upgrading and refining technology development. These research efforts have resulted in important impacts on academic R&D and industrial practice for catalytic conversion of Canadian oil sands bitumen and heavy oil. At the same time, reliable technical data and information have been generated to help government agencies in developing and implementing policies and regulations for oil sands development.
Lead removal from aqueous solutions by 732 cation‐exchange resin
Authors: Qian Jia , Zeng Zuoxiang , Xue Weilan , Guo Qiongge 
Published: October 2015

AbstractKinetics and thermodynamics of the removal of Pb2+ from an aqueous solution by 732 cation‐exchange resin in hydrogen type (732‐CR) were studied in the temperature range of 298–328 K and Pb2+ concentration range of 5–50 mol/m3. The effects of ion exchange temperature and initial lead ion concentration on the time evolution of the experimental concentration for the metal ion were investigated. Ion exchange kinetics of Pb2+ onto 732‐CR follow the Nernst‐Planck equation and unreacted‐core model (UCM). The diffusion coefficients of counter ions and the efficient diffusion coefficient of lead ions within the resin were calculated. The results show that the ion exchange process is favoured under the particle diffusion control mechanism. The ion exchange isotherm data agreed closely with the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum monolayer exchange capacity for Pb2+ was found to be 484.0 mg/g at 308 K. Thermodynamic studies show that Pb2+ onto 732‐CR is spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The ion exchange processes were verified by Energy Disperse Spectroscopy (EDS).
Covariate‐adjusted response adaptive designs incorporating covariates with and without treatment interactions
Authors: Zhu Hongjian 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe covariate‐adjusted response adaptive (CARA) design has been shown to be better than traditional designs in terms of both ethics and efficiency. However, its mechanism for allocating subjects makes certain stochastic processes such as allocated response sequences very complicated. Consequently, the validation of statistical inference is usually challenging, and few theoretical results have been obtained. In this paper we systematically solve some fundamental problems for statistical inference with CARA designs. First, we obtain the conditional independence and distribution of allocated response sequences, which is the basis for further theoretical investigation. Second, we propose a new family of CARA designs, which is extensively applicable. We more importantly provide a framework for new CARA designs with unified asymptotic results for statistical inference. The numerical results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed CARA designs. Our findings are crucial in understanding the CARA design as well as its development and application. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 43: 534–553; 2015 © 2015 Statistical Society of Canada
Ranolazine in Cardiac Arrhythmia
Authors: Saad Marwan , Mahmoud Ahmed , Elgendy Islam Y , Richard Conti C. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTRanolazine utilization in the management of refractory angina has been established by multiple randomized clinical studies. However, there is growing evidence showing an evolving role in the field of cardiac arrhythmias. Multiple experimental and clinical studies have evaluated the role of ranolazine in prevention and management of atrial fibrillation, with ongoing studies on its role in ventricular arrhythmias. In this review, we will discuss the pharmacological, experimental, and clinical evidence behind ranolazine use in the management of various cardiac arrhythmias.
Use of perfluorocarbon nanoparticles for non‐invasive multimodal cell tracking of human pancreatic islets
Authors: Barnett Brad P. , Ruiz‐Cabello Jesus , Hota Partha , Ouwerkerk Ronald , Shamblott Michael J. , Lauzon Cal , Walczak Piotr , Gilson Wesley D. , Chacko Vadappuram P. , Kraitchman Dara L. , Arepally Aravind , Bulte Jeff W.M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn vivo imaging of engraftment and immunorejection of transplanted islets is critical for further clinical development, with 1H MR imaging of superparamagnetic iron oxide‐labeled cells being the current premier modality. Using perfluorocarbon nanoparticles, we present here a strategy for non‐invasive imaging of cells using other modalities. To this end, human cadaveric islets were labeled with rhodamine‐perfluorooctylbromide (PFOB) nanoparticles, rhodamine‐perfluoropolyether (PFPE) nanoparticles or Feridex® as control and tested in vitro for cell viability and c‐peptide secretion for 1 week. 19F MRI, computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound (US) imaging was performed on labeled cell phantoms and on cells following transplantation beneath the kidney capsule of mice and rabbits. PFOB and PFPE‐labeling did not reduce human islet viability or glucose responsiveness as compared with unlabeled cells or SPIO‐labeled cells. PFOB‐ and PFPE‐labeled islets were effectively fluorinated for visualization by 19F MRI. PFOB‐labeled islets were acoustically reflective for detection by US imaging and became sufficiently brominated to become radiopaque allowing visualization with CT. Thus, perfluorocarbon nanoparticles are multimodal cellular contrast agents that may find applications in real‐time targeted delivery and imaging of transplanted human islets or other cells in a clinically applicable manner using MRI, US or CT imaging. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Migration of Bone Marrow‐Derived Cells Into the Central Nervous System in Models of Neurodegeneration
Authors: Lampron Antoine , Pimentel‐Coelho Pedro M. , Rivest Serge 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMicroglia are the brain‐resident macrophages tasked with the defense and maintenance of the central nervous system (CNS). The hematopoietic origin of microglia has warranted a therapeutic potential for the hematopoietic system in treating diseases of the CNS. However, migration of bone marrow‐derived cells (BMDC) into the CNS is a marginal event under normal, healthy conditions. A busulfan‐based chemotherapy regimen was used for bone marrow transplantation in wild‐type mice before subjecting them to a hypoxic–ischemic brain injury or in APP/PS1 mice prior to the formation of amyloid plaques. The cells were tracked and analyzed throughout the development of the pathology. The efficacy of a preventive macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF) treatment was also studied to highlight the effects of circulating monocytes in hypoxic–ischemic brain injury. Such an injury induces a strong migration of BMDC into the CNS, without the need for irradiation. These migrating cells do not replace the entire microglial pool but rather are confined to the sites of injury for several weeks, suggesting that they could perform specific functions. M‐CSF showed neuroprotective effects as a preventive treatment. In APP/PS1 mice, the formation of amyloid plaques was sufficient to induce the entry of cells into the parenchyma, though in low numbers. This study confirms that BMDC infiltrate the CNS in animal models for stroke and Alzheimer's disease and that peripheral cells can be targeted to treat affected regions of the CNS. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:3863–3876, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
User evaluation of a virtual colour laboratory as a tool for demonstrating colour appearance
Authors: Stahre Wästberg Beata , Billger Monica 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe aim with our research is to contribute to a better understanding of how colour research findings can be conveyed to a broader target audience, using digital media. This article presents a user study focusing on the popular science project the Virtual Colour Laboratory (VCL). The VCL is an interactive webpage for presenting and demonstrating existing research results on spatial colour phenomena. It was initiated and carried out with the intention of spreading knowledge of colour appearance and colour perception to a wider target audience, from the viewpoint of practice based architectural colour research. The VCL enables the user to investigate actively how colours appear in different situations, and provides information on relevant literature and links for further studies. In a questionnaire study, carried out in 2014, two groups of users including architecture students and professionals within architecture, art and design evaluated the usability of the VCL with a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The predominant result showed that the VCL generally was highly appreciated. However, the results also show differences in how the two groups experienced the visual and written content of the stations in the VCL, as well as differences in how they experienced the VCL as a whole. This highlights the importance of adjusting levels of information depending on the target group, as well as presents advantages and difficulties of showing research on spatial colour appearance on the web using digital visualization as a medium for presentation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 41, 611–625, 2016
Predicting Trigger Bonds in Explosive Materials through Wiberg Bond Index Analysis
Authors: Harper Lenora K. , Shoaf Ashley L. , Bayse Craig A. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractUnderstanding the explosive decomposition pathways of high‐energy‐density materials (HEDMs) is important for developing compounds with improved properties. Rapid reaction rates make the detonation mechanisms of HEDMs difficult to understand, so computational tools are used to predict trigger bonds—weak bonds that break, leading to detonation. Wiberg bond indices (WBIs) have been used to compare bond densities in HEDMs to reference molecules to provide a relative scale for the bond strength to predict the activated bonds most likely to break to trigger an explosion. This analysis confirms that X−NO2 (X=N,C,O) bonds are trigger linkages in common HEDMs such as TNT, RDX and PETN, consistent with previous experimental and theoretical studies. Calculations on a small test set of substituted tetrazoles show that the assignment of the trigger bond depends upon the functionality of the material and that the relative weakening of the bond correlates with experimental impact sensitivities.
A structural approach to synthesizing, analyzing, and modeling quasi‐resonant converters
Authors: Chen Yu‐Kai , Song Chau‐Chung 
Published: October 2015

SUMMARYThis paper presents a structural approach to synthesizing, analyzing, and modeling quasi‐resonant converters (QRCs) based on the concept of basic converter units (BCUs). Typical QRCs include the well‐known topologies of buck, boost, buck‐boost, Cuk, Zeta, and Sepic. With proper reconfiguration, these QRCs can be synthesized from either buck‐QRC BCU or boost‐QRC BCU plus certain linear networks. Thus, the BCUs and general configurations of the converters can be identified. Analysis of steady state operation and derivation of small‐signal models for the converters then can be conveniently performed from the general configurations, reducing the complexity significantly. Moreover, the proposed structural approach can explore more physical insights into the converters in a family, and can reveal more relationships among converters over conventional approaches. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cochrane in context: School‐based programmes for preventing smoking
Authors: Thomas Roger E. , McLennan Julie , Perera Rafael 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCochrane Review: School‐based programmes for preventing smoking Thomas RE, McLellan J, Perera R. School‐based programmes for preventing smoking. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD001293. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001293.pub3.This companion piece to the review, “School/based programmes for preventing smoking,” contains the following pieces:

The abstract of the review
A commentary of one or more of the review authors, explaining why the review team felt the review was an important once to produce
A review of clinical practice guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics, the Canadian Paediatric Society and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), United Kingdom
Some other recently published references on this topic
Priority effects of early successional insects influence late successional fungi in dead wood
Authors: Jacobsen Rannveig Margrete , Birkemoe Tone , Sverdrup‐Thygeson Anne 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCommunity assembly is an integral process in all ecosystems, producing patterns of species distributions, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning. Environmental filters and colonization history govern the assembly process, but their relative importance varies depending on the study system. Dead wood decomposition is a slow process, allowing decomposer communities to develop within a slowly changing substrate for decades. Despite this, there are few long‐term studies of priority effects from colonization history in this ecosystem. In this study, we investigate the importance of insects in early succession of dead wood on the fungal community present one decade later. Sixty aspen trees were killed in two study landscapes, each tree producing one aspen high stump and log. Insects were sampled with flight interception traps during the first 4 years after tree death, and fungal fruiting bodies were registered in year twelve. We found positive priority effects of two fungivorous beetles, the sap beetleGlischrochilus quadripunctatusand the round fungus beetleAgathidium nigripenne, on the Artist's bracket (Ganoderma applanatum) and a positive priority effect of wood‐boring beetles on the ascomycete Yellow fairy cup (Bisporella citrina). The Aspen bracket (Phellinus tremulae) did not respond to insects in early succession of the dead wood. Our results suggest that early successional insects can have significant, long‐lasting effects on the late successional fungal community in dead wood. Also, the effect can be specific, with one fungus species depending on one or a few fungivorous beetle species. This has implications for decomposition and biodiversity in dead wood, as loss of early colonizing beetles may also affect the successional pathways they seem to initiate.
Is fog an important water source for woody plants in an Asian tropical karst forest during the dry season?
Authors: Fu Pei‐Li , Liu Wen‐Jie , Fan Ze‐Xin , Cao Kun‐Fang 
Published: October 2015

AbstractFog is an important supplemental source of water in regions with heavy fog and little rainfall. In the present study, we used the stable isotope content of xylem water to investigate the dry season water source partition between soil and fog water of two evergreen tree species (Cleistanthus sumatranus and Lasiococca comberi), two deciduous tree species (Mayodendron igneum and Lagerstroemia tomentosa), two liana species (Acacia pennata and Combretum latifolium) and understory seedlings of three tree species (C. sumatranus, L. comberi and Celtis philippensis) in a tropical karst forest in southern Yunnan, China. The soil gravimetric water content (GWC) and volumetric water content (VWC), pre‐dawn leaf water potential (Ψpre‐dawn) and leaf water absorbance were also measured. There were no significant differences in both GWC and VWC among 10 to 100 cm depths in the dry season. In the dry season 2009, Ψpre‐dawn of the two evergreen tree species and the understory seedlings down to −4.5 to −6.3 MPa, and which were significantly lower than those of a normal dry season. The proportion that fog contributed to xylem water ranged from 15.8% (understory seedling of C. sumatranus) to 41.3% (liana species C. latifolium). After immersing in water for 3 h, leaves of all the studied species absorbed a significant volume of water. Our results reveal that the woody plants in the tropical karst forest of Xishuangbanna use fog water as an important supplement in the dry season, with more fog water being used by lianas than by trees. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.