bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of the role of the Assistant Practitioner in critical care
Authors: Allen Kirsty , McAleavy Janet M , Wright Shirley 
Published: October 2012

Aims: To determine whether the Assistant Practitioner role has fulfilled the expectations of the original implementation plan which was to introduce this new role into the Critical Care Department of a large NHS Trust. This service evaluation will examine the introduction of Assistant Practitioners by establishing the perceptions of this new role and the impact of this change from key groups of staff, within the Critical Care Department.Background: The Department of Health (DoH) recognized the potential of assistant practitioners in a range of care settings. As a participant in this DoH initiative the Trust introduced the role into a number of areas. This service evaluation was undertaken following the training of small cohorts of Assistant Practitioners within the Critical Care Department.Methods: A literature review was conducted initially searching the key words assistant practitioner, role development and critical care. A service evaluation was undertaken using questionnaires and semi‐structured interviews for data collection. The data was analysed using a thematic approach.Results: The responses from the various staff groups revealed a number of key themes including patient care skills, role, preparation and training, drug administration and patient allocation.Conclusions: Overall, the data suggests that the Assistant Practitioner role has fulfilled the expectations of the original implementation plan as they deliver care to patients in the clinical environment as required. However, the data also reveals that there are still issues to be resolved.Relevance to clinical practice: The study has shown the Assistant Practitioners to be excellent in delivering patient care; however, there are limitations due to the complexity of the patient group in critical care areas.
Southern Ocean Biogeography of Tintinnid Ciliates of the Marine Plankton
Authors: Dolan John R. , Pierce Richard W. , Yang Eun Jin , Kim Sun Young 
Published: October 2012

AbstractCiliate microzooplankton are important grazers in most pelagic ecosystems and among them, tintinnids, with their largely species‐specific loricas, allow relatively easy assessment of questions of diversity and distributions. Herein, we present the results of a survey of species records of tintinnids from the Southern Ocean (locations below 40°S) reported in 56 publications yielding 2,047 species records (synonyms included) from 402 locations. The 192 species reported can be parsed into two main groups: 32 endemic Southern Ocean species, known only from 40°S and further south, and a second group of 181 widespread species, forms with extensive geographic ranges extending into the Southern Ocean. Widespread species reported from the Southern Ocean can be further divided into a group of 81 species, each recorded multiple times in the Southern Ocean waters and 70 apparent “stray” species which have only been found but once. The endemic and widespread species of the Southern Ocean show both distinct distributional patterns and morphological differences. The assemblage of Southern Ocean endemics is found mostly within the Antarctic zone delimited by the average location of the Polar Front and contains a relatively large portion of wide‐mouthed forms. We give suggestions for future study.
A Church‐Based Intervention to Change Attitudes about Physical Activity among Black Adolescent Girls: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Thompson Wanda M. , Berry Diane , Hu Jie 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo feasibility test a 12‐week church‐based physical activity intervention that was culturally sensitive, age‐ and gender specific directed at changing attitudes of Black adolescent girls' to be more physically active.Design and SampleA one‐group pre‐ and posttest design was used. A convenience sample of Black adolescent girls between the age of 12–18 (n = 41).InterventionA 60‐min 12‐week church‐based program that included interactive educational sessions followed by a high energy dance aerobics class was used.MeasuresData were collected on biophysical measures. Surveys were used to assess the following variables: attitudes, enjoyment, self‐efficacy, intention, social and family support, and PA levels.ResultsPaired t‐tests and repeated measures ANOVA revealed no significant changes in key variables. Positive changes were noted in the odds ratios for attitudes, self‐efficacy, and intention. Body mass index, metabolic equivalent tasks, and fitness showed positive trends from pre to post intervention. Family support was significantly correlated with physical activity level (p < .01).ConclusionsThe study showed that physical activity programs in Black churches aimed at Black adolescent girls are feasible. Participants evaluated the intervention very favorably. Family support may be a key factor in increasing physical activity levels in Black adolescent girls.
Distribution and Dynamics of Transcription-Associated Proteins during Parvovirus Infection
Authors: Ihalainen Teemu O. , Willman Sami F. , Niskanen Einari A. , Paloheimo Outi , Smolander Hanna , Laurila Juha P. , Kaikkonen Minna U. , Vihinen-Ranta Maija 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT
Canine parvovirus (CPV) infection leads to reorganization of nuclear proteinaceous subcompartments. Our studies showed that virus infection causes a time-dependent increase in the amount of viral nonstructural protein NS1 mRNA. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching showed that the recovery kinetics of nuclear transcription-associated proteins, TATA binding protein (TBP), transcription factor IIB (TFIIB), and poly(A) binding protein nuclear 1 (PABPN1) were different in infected and noninfected cells, pointing to virus-induced alterations in binding dynamics of these proteins.
Dynamic route selection algorithms for session based communication networks
Authors: Maruyama Kiyoshi , Shorter David 
Published: October 2012

A session-based communication network is a store-and-forward message (or packet) switching network in which each session (conversation from logon until logoff) is assigned to a single communication route (or path) until its termination. Examples of such networks are TYMNET and SNA. A route selection algorithm can be either static or dynamic. A static selection is based on given route selection tables which are usually provided to the system by the system generation process. A dynamic selection uses dynamically changing information of the network for determining an optimal route for the new session to be assigned to.
This paper develops both static and dynamic route selection algorithms which may be used in a session-based communication network. Route selection algorithms will be classified into several classes depending on the network work-load information available for making decisions. It will be shown that very simple algorithms give good robustness with good response time.
Obesity, Energy Balance, and Cancer: New Opportunities for Prevention
Authors: Hursting Stephen D. , DiGiovanni John , Dannenberg Andrew J. , Azrad Maria , LeRoith Derek , Demark-Wahnefried Wendy , Kakarala Madhuri , Brodie Angela , Berger Nathan A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObesity is associated with increased risk and poor prognosis for many types of cancer. The mechanisms underlying the obesity-cancer link are becoming increasingly clear and provide multiple opportunities for primary to tertiary prevention. Several obesity-related host factors can influence tumor initiation, progression and/or response to therapy, and these have been implicated as key contributors to the complex effects of obesity on cancer incidence and outcomes. These host factors include insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I, leptin, adiponectin, steroid hormones, cytokines, and inflammation-related molecules. Each of these host factors is considered in the context of energy balance and as potential targets for cancer prevention. The possibility of prevention at the systems level, including energy restriction, dietary composition, and exercise is considered as is the importance of the newly emerging field of stem cell research as a model for studying energy balance and cancer prevention. Cancer Prev Res; 5(11); 1260–72. ©2012 AACR.
Toward High-Resolution, Rapid, Probabilistic Forecasting of the Inundation Threat from Landfalling Hurricanes
Authors: Condon Andrew J. , Sheng Y. Peter , Paramygin Vladimir A. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
State-of-the-art coupled hydrodynamic and wave models can predict the inundation threat from an approaching hurricane with high resolution and accuracy. However, these models are not highly efficient and often cannot be run sufficiently fast to provide results 2 h prior to advisory issuance within a 6-h forecast cycle. Therefore, to produce a timely inundation forecast, coarser grid models, without wave setup contributions, are typically used, which sacrifices resolution and physics. This paper introduces an efficient forecast method by applying a multidimensional interpolation technique to a predefined optimal storm database to generate the surge response for any storm based on its landfall characteristics. This technique, which provides a “digital lookup table” to predict the inundation throughout the region, is applied to the southwest Florida coast for Hurricanes Charley (2004) and Wilma (2005) and compares well with deterministic results but is obtained in a fraction of the time. Because of the quick generation of the inundation response for a single storm, the response of thousands of possible storm parameter combinations can be determined within a forecast cycle. The thousands of parameter combinations are assigned a probability based on historic forecast errors to give a probabilistic estimate of the inundation forecast, which compare well with observations.
Mouse natural killer cell development and maturation are differentially regulated by SHIP-1
Authors: Banh Cindy , Miah S. M. Shahjahan , Kerr William G. , Brossay Laurent 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The SH2-containing inositol phosphatase-1 (SHIP-1) is a 5′ inositol phosphatase known to negatively regulate the product of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K), phosphatidylinositol-3.4,5-trisphosphate. SHIP-1 can be recruited to a large number of inhibitory receptors expressed on natural killer (NK) cells. However, its role in NK cell development, maturation, and functions is not well defined. In this study, we found that the absence of SHIP-1 results in a loss of peripheral NK cells. However, using chimeric mice we demonstrated that SHIP-1 expression is not required intrinsically for NK cell lineage development. In contrast, SHIP-1 is required cell autonomously for NK cell terminal differentiation. These findings reveal both a direct and indirect role for SHIP-1 at different NK cell development checkpoints. Notably, SHIP-1–deficient NK cells display an impaired ability to secrete IFN-γ during cytokine receptor–mediated responses, whereas immunoreceptor tyrosine–based activation motif containing receptor-mediated responses is not affected. Taken together, our results provide novel insights on how SHIP-1 participates in the development, maturation, and effector functions of NK cells.
Nanostructured Cocrystals of a Borazine with [60]Fullerene
Authors: Kervyn Simon , Nakanishi Takashi , Aimi Junko , Saeki Akinori , Seki Shu , Champagne Benoît , Bonifazi Davide 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
In this paper, the preparation and photophysical characterization of nanostructured cocrystals composed of B-trimesityl-N-triphenylborazine (1) and C60 are reported. Preliminary results in the solid state show that the borazine-centered fluorescence is quenched in the cocrystal, displaying strong interchromophoric interaction in the solid state, as also shown by photoconductivity measurements.
Expiration Date Unclear: Intralipid 20% or ViperSlide?: Methadone Dispensed for Methylphenidate: Too Many Numbers: Protocol Needed for Drug Concentration Change
Authors: Cohen Michael R. , Smetzer Judy L. 
Published: October 2012

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again—perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them at your inservice training programs. Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) Medication Errors Reporting Program. Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers' names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below. Errors, close calls, or hazardous conditions may be reported directly to ISMP through the ISMP Web site ( www.ismp.org ), by calling 800-FAIL-SAFE, or via e-mail at ismpinfo@ismp.org . ISMP guarantees the confidentiality and security of the information received and respects reporters' wishes as to the level of detail included in publications.
The Use of Individualized Pharmacist Performance Reports to Reduce Pharmacist-Related Medication Order Entry Errors following Electronic Medical Record Implementation
Authors: Bell Christopher , Moore Joann , Couldry Rick , Grauer Dennis 
Published: October 2012

Purpose To measure the impact of an individual pharmacist performance report (IPPR) program on pharmacist-related medication order entry errors (MOEEs) at an academic medical center. Methods The number and type of pharmacist-related MOEEs were collected at 2 different times: immediately following implementation of an electronic medical record (baseline) and following completion of the IPPR program. Three different collection methods were utilized to identify and categorize pharmacist-related MOEEs: 1) Patient Safety Net (PSN) incident reporting system, 2) manual event reporting, and 3) a nursing to pharmacy electronic messaging system. The IPPR program consisted of mandatory educational sessions for pharmacist staff. The program content focused on strategies to reduce pharmacist-related MOEEs identified in the baseline data collection period as well as an individualized report generated for each pharmacist having caused an MOEE that showed their performance compared to the department's performance. Results The percentage of event reports containing a pharmacist-related MOEE decreased from baseline to post IPPR program (13.7% and 6.3%, respectively; P < .001). In addition, the total number of pharmacist-related MOEEs was halved after the IPPR program (321 vs 148; P < .001). Significant reductions were noted in the following MOEE categories: duplicate orders, missed orders, wrong frequency, wrong dose, and other. Nonsignificant reductions were noted in errors related to no order and wrong drug. Conclusion Based on the observations and results of this study, it is proposed that individualized performance feedback can be a successful method to improve MOEE performance by pharmacists.
Laboratory diagnostics of myocardial infarction – troponins and beyond
Authors: Lackner Karl J. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
In the case of suspected acute coronary syndrome and myocardial infarction positive diagnosis or exclusion strongly depend on the use of biomarkers and in particular cardiac troponins (cTn). Especially in the early phase of myocardial infarction the sensitivity of cTn assays has been unsatisfactory. This has led to the investigation of many other potential markers for the early diagnosis of myocardial infarction. In addition, several traditional markers have been advocated, e.g., myoglobin, as these were considered to be more sensitive than cTn. With the advent of high-sensitive (hs) cTn assays the value and practical use of the alternative or additional markers has to be reassessed. According to the currently available data, no single marker is superior to hs-cTn for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. In particular, the notion of superior sensitivity of myoglobin compared to cTn no longer holds true. There are two protein markers, heart-type fatty acid binding protein and copeptin, and plasma free fatty acids that may increase the diagnostic value and specifically the negative predictive value when determined on admission in combination with hs-cTn. However, the incremental gain, if any, is small. Further data are needed to determine, whether these markers can in fact improve diagnosis and if they are superior to the recommended use of the relative or absolute change of hs-cTn after 3 h.
Development of Standard Laboratory Testing Procedures to Evaluate the Performance of Deicers
Authors: Akin Michelle , Shi Xianming 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
This work aims at identifying and developing standard laboratory testing protocols that can be used to evaluate the performance of deicing chemicals, additives, and mixtures of these used on roadways and other transportation facilities. Several test methods were evaluated for the purpose of developing a promising test protocol, including a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogram test for liquid deicers, modified Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) ice melting test for solid and liquid deicers, modified SHRP ice penetration test for solid and liquid deicers, and a modified ice undercutting test developed by Minnesota Department of Transportation (DOT) for solid and liquid deicers. These tests shed light on the complexity and challenges in evaluating various deicers, especially the poor reliability inherent in conventional test methods. The DSC-based method was demonstrated to be very reproducible for each deicer at a given dilution ratio and cooling/heating rate, and thus may serve as a “fingerprint” tool for quality assurance of deicers. The DSC data also showed strong correlation with the modified SHRP ice melting test data, which holds the promise of establishing the DSC-based method for evaluating the performance of liquid deicers (both in terms of characteristic temperature and ice melting capacity). The modified SHRP ice melting test used in this study incorporates a control substance for reference and various indicators to determine acceptability of the data, as discussed in the paper.
A New Method for Threat Assessment and Uncertainty Analysis of Air-Raid-Target-Based on Connection Number
Authors: Chen Yong-Guang , Ke Hong-Fa , He Ke 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
With the aim of overcoming the deficiency of current threat-assessment approaches, which cannot make uncertainty analysis for the air-raid targets well, a new method based on connection number of set-pair analysis is proposed in this paper to make a dynamic threat assessment of air-raid targets. In principle, the interval value of the air-raid-target attribute starting from time t to time t + Δt will be normalized and transformed into the connection number of A + Bi type, whose modulus is utilized in the synthetic threat assessment of the air-raid target, and the i within the connection number will be employed to analyze its uncertainty. Examples of the threat assessment and the uncertainty analysis for five air-raid targets are carried out to prove the effectiveness and feasibility of this method. The results not only are compatible with the other methods, but also provide an uncertainty analysis as i varies and, thus, makes it more consistent with the actual situations in air warfare.
Evaluation of Ice-Melting Capacities of Deicing Chemicals
Authors: Gerbino-Bevins B. M. , Tuan C. Y. , Mattison M. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Common deicing chemicals include sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium magnesium acetate, potassium acetate, potassium formate, and corn or beet-based deicer solution. Liquid deicers are commonly used for pre-wetting road salt, sand or other solid deicers, or mixed with salt brine as liquid deicer. Although manufacturers provide performance data under specific conditions, a standardized test is very much needed. Samples of sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, potassium acetate, and beet juice-based chemical deicers were selected for performance evaluation. The SHRP Ice-Melting Capacity Test has been used in many research projects, but the results do not always correlate well with field data. A simple and economical test has been developed to evaluate the ice-melting capacities of deicing chemicals using a martini shaker, which shows some potential to become a standardized test for ice-melting capacity evaluation. Field data was collected by the Nebraska Dept. of Roads using automatic vehicle location (AVL) and the maintenance decision support system (MDSS) installed on some plow trucks. The AVL takes roadway pictures from the cab and records vehicle location. The MDSS collects weather data from area weather stations. Although initial shaker test results correlate well with known deicer performance and limited field data provided by MDSS, further development work is necessary before the shaker test can be considered for official use.
Influence of heat input and solubilizing heat treatment on the impact properties of SAW joints in SAF 2205 duplex steel
Authors: Merlin M. , Vazquez-Aguilar R. , Soffritti C. , Reyes-Valdes A. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTIn this study the influence of heat input (HI) and heat treatment on submerged arc welded duplex SAF 2205 steel joints has been evaluated. In particular, multi-pass welding operations have been performed on 18 mm thick plates using four different heat inputs; a post-weld solubilizing heat treatment has been carried out in order to reduce the microstructural effects on the structure of the heat affected zone (HAZ). Instrumented impact strength tests have been performed on Charpy samples machined from the welded joints; the total absorbed energy and the two complementary contributions of initiation and propagation energies have been evaluated and correlated to the percentages of ferrite and austenite. The microstructures and the fracture profiles have been observed using an optical microscope (OM) and quantitatively analyzed by means of an image analyzer. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) has been used to study the fractured surfaces. Hardness profiles have been performed across the joints in order to verify the hardness variations. A total absence of secondary phases has been found on the joints due to the performing of a suitable solubilizing heat treatment after the welding process. The results have shown that the impact properties of the samples have been mostly affected by the different heat inputs; in some cases a partial welding penetration has been found.