bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ex Vivo Expansion of Human outgrowth Endothelial Cells Leads to IL-8-Mediated Replicative Senescence and Impaired Vasoreparative Function
Authors: Medina Reinhold J. , O'Neill Christina L. , O'Doherty T. Michelle , Chambers Sarah E.J. , Guduric-Fuchs Jasenka , Neisen Jessica , Waugh David J. , Simpson David A. , Stitt Alan W. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Harnessing outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs) for vasoreparative therapy and tissue engineering requires efficient ex vivo expansion. How such expansion impacts on OEC function is largely unknown. In this study, we show that OECs become permanently cell-cycle arrested after ex vivo expansion, which is associated with enlarged cell size, β-galactosidase activity, DNA damage, tumor suppressor pathway activation, and significant transcriptome changes. These senescence hallmarks were coupled with low telomerase activity and telomere shortening, indicating replicative senescence. OEC senescence limited their regenerative potential by impairing vasoreparative properties in vitro and in vivo. Integrated transcriptome-proteome analysis identified inflammatory signaling pathways as major mechanistic components of the OEC senescence program. In particular, IL8 was an important facilitator of this senescence; depletion of IL8 in OECs significantly extended ex vivo lifespan, delayed replicative senescence, and enhanced function. While the ability to expand OEC numbers prior to autologous or allogeneic therapy remains a useful property, their replicative senescence and associated impairment of vasorepair needs to be considered. This study also suggests that modulation of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype could be used to optimize OEC therapy.
Understanding Structure Formation in Organolithium Compounds: An Experimental and Quantum‐Chemical Approach
Authors: Götz Kathrin , Gessner Viktoria H. , Unkelbach Christian , Kaupp Martin , Strohmann Carsten 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAs the reactivity of organolithium compounds is strongly connected with the structure of the involved species, the structural knowledge is a prerequisite for the understanding of reaction mechanisms. Using the example of methyllithium, we address particularly the issues of stabilizing non‐classical interactions in organolithium aggregates and the relations between disaggregation and polarity, using a combination of X‐ray structure analysis and quantum‐chemical methods. The structure analyses of a series of MeLi adducts, among them the diethyl ether adduct (MeLi·Et2O)4, exhibit varying arrangements of the α‐hydrogen atoms relative to lithium. α‐Hydrogen orientations differ even when changing the stereochemistry of the ligand in dimeric adducts. Computations confirm only weak stabilizing effects of agostic Li–H interactions, which compete with other aspects of the spatial situation in the formed aggregates. NPA and QTAIM analyses on different aggregates (e.g. monomer, dimer, tetramer, extended crystal environment) with different co‐ligands reveal a complicated relation between the degree of aggregation and Li–C bond polarity but a more clearcut dependence on the lithium coordination number.
Dietary approach to hypertension based on low glycaemic index and principles of DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension): a randomised trial in a primary care service
Authors: Lima Sílvia Tereza Rodrigues Moreira , da Silva Nalin de Souza Bárbara , França Ana Karina Teixeira , Filho Natalino Salgado , Sichieri Rosely 
Published: April 2013

Hypertension is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Brazil. Diet may play an important role in reducing blood pressure (BP), as has been shown for diets high in fruits, vegetables and low-fat dairy products and low in salt (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-Na). A low-glycaemic index Brazilian diet combined with the principles of the DASH-Na diet was evaluated in a randomised study of 206 individuals who were followed for 6 months. In the control group (CG), counselling was based on standard care and mainly focused on salt intake reduction. An intention-to-treat analysis showed that, after 6 months, systolic BP was reduced by 14·4 mmHg and diastolic BP by 9·7 mmHg in the experimental group (EG), compared with 6·7 and 4·6 mmHg, respectively, in the CG. After adjusting for body weight, BP at baseline and age, these changes were 12·1 and 7·9 mmHg, respectively. Urinary Na excretion was also reduced by 43·4 mEq/24 h in the EG. Food intake was modified accordingly during the intervention with an increase in the consumption of vegetables (2·97–5·85 frequency of consumption measured in three non-consecutive days), fruits (4·09–7·18), beans (1·94–3·13) and fish (1·80–2·74) by the EG. The present study showed the feasibility of a Brazilian dietary approach to treating hypertension by reducing urinary Na excretion and BP, changes that may have a great impact on public health and promote the benefits of controlling hypertension.
Dietary electrolyte balance affects the nutrient digestibility and maintenance energy expenditure of Nile tilapia
Authors: Saravanan S. , Geurden I. , Orozco Z. G. A. , Kaushik S. J. , Verreth J. A. J. , Schrama J. W. 
Published: April 2013

Acid–base disturbances caused by environmental factors and physiological events including feeding have been well documented in several fish species, but little is known about the impact of dietary electrolyte balance (dEB). In the present study, we investigated the effect of feeding diets differing in dEB ( − 100, 200, 500 or 800 mEq/kg diet) on the growth, nutrient digestibility and energy balance of Nile tilapia. After 5 weeks on the test diet, the growth of the fish was linearly affected by the dEB levels (P< 0·001), with the lowest growth being observed in the fish fed the 800 dEB diet. The apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of fat was unaffected by dEB, whereas the ADC of DM and protein were curvilinearly related to the dEB levels, being lowest and highest in the 200 and 800 dEB diets, respectively. Stomach chyme pH at 3 h after feeding was linearly related to the dEB levels (P< 0·05). At the same time, blood pH of the heart (P< 0·05) and caudal vein (P< 0·01) was curvilinearly related to the dEB levels, suggesting the influence of dEB on postprandial metabolic alkalosis. Consequently, maintenance energy expenditure (MEm) was curvilinearly related to the dEB levels (P< 0·001), being 54 % higher in the 800 dEB group (88 kJ/kg0·8per d) than in the 200 dEB group (57 kJ/kg0·8per d). These results suggest that varying dEB levels in a diet have both positive and negative effects on fish. On the one hand, they improve nutrient digestibility; on the other hand, they challenge the acid–base homeostasis (pH) of fish, causing an increase in MEm, and thereby reduce the energy required for growth.
Some passages in Statius
Authors: Williams R. D. 
Published: April 2013

(i) Th. x, 935–9.Stat tamen, extremumque in sidera versus anhelat,pectoraque invisis obicit fumantia muris,937 ne caderet: sed membra virum terrena relinquunt,exuiturque animus: paulum si tardius artuscessissent, potuit fulmen sperare secundum.937 Nec PQr Nee BLMNCfbWDS Turon. Brux. 5337 Nee (Ne sscr.) Tol.The last part of book x of the Thebaid describes the grandiose defiance of Capaneus. He grows weary of dealing death below the walls of Thebes, and climbs to the height of the battlements, where he towers above the city and terrifies it with his huge shadow. He taunts the gods and Jupiter himself to do battle for Thebes against him, and when Jupiter in anger darkens the sky and lightning begins to flash, he criesHis, ait, in Thebas, his iam decet ignibus uti,hinc renovare faces, lassamque accendere quercum. (925–6.)
Thucydides, II, 45, 2
Authors: Lacey W. K. 
Published: April 2013

Thucydides 11, 45, 2. , .It would be imprudent for a commentator on this famous passage who wishes to suggest that its importance for an understanding of the position of women in Athens is greatly exaggerated to offer more dian a tentative view of its significance, and die remarks below should be taken in this light.
Androtion and the Four Hundred
Authors: Andrewes A. 
Published: April 2013

This paper should have had a longer and more explanatory title. I am not overmuch concerned with the interesting general question of the influence exerted by the Atthis of Androtion on subsequent accounts, primarily of course on that of the Aristotelian Athenaion Politeia: the specific problem I wish to discuss is the use of documents in these chapters of AP, and the possibility that they were transmitted by Androtion. Jacoby in his introduction to that author (n. 86) treats it as ‘fairly certain’ that ‘A. supplied the documents for the reform of the constitution in 412/1 B.C. (AP 29–33) in detail and evidently with approval as a kind of model constitution’. He was not alone in this opinion, which needs examination. The argument is necessarily speculative, a weighing of probabilities, and the only statement for which I claim certainty is that Wilamowitz was wrong in one detail.In the first excitement of the publication of AP some eminent scholars, headed by Wilamowitz and Köhler, acclaimed the data found in AP as authentic documents which could be used to ‘correct’ Thucydides. The counter-attack by Ed. Meyer concentrated on the argument that official documents are not the best guide to what actually happens in a revolution: that is, Meyer still accepted the documents as authentic, but he upheld the narrative of Thucydides against them. To the best of my knowledge it was not till 1907 that the question was raised, by Judeich, whether any authentic documents would have survived the restoration of democracy.
On Lucan
Authors: Bailey D. R. Shackleton 
Published: April 2013

1. 151-7 qualiter expressum ventis per nubila fulmenaetheris impulsi sonitu mundique fragoreemicuit rupitque diem populosque paventesterruit obliqua praestringens lumina flamma:in sua templa furit, nullaque exire vetantemateria magnamque cadens magnamque revertensdat stragem late sparsosque recolligit ignes.Of the rival interpretations of templa in 155, ‘temples’ and ‘quarters of the sky’ Housman espoused the latter; but he did not explain sua, which Weise explained as ‘loca aut regna, in quibus oritur et quasi habitat et regnat fulmen’ (‘the quarter of the sky whence it came’ Haskins). Such in fact seems the only possible interpretation, given the chosen sense of templa, despite Duff's ‘it rushes to its appointed quarter of the sky’ or Bourgery's ‘elle fond sur les lieux qu'elle consacre.’ But why should Lucan tell us this (Weise's ‘habitat et regnat’ is only his own embroidery), and so spoil his sequel? How a Roman reader would understand templa should be obvious to anyone who has read Pease's note on Cic. Div. 1.19 ipse suos quondam tumulos aut templa petivit/et Capitolinis iniecit sedibus ignis.
Titi Livi Lib. XCI
Authors: Ogilvie R. M. 
Published: April 2013

<Nocte> tamen insequenti ipso pervigilante in eodem loco alia excitata turris prima luce miraculo hostibus fuit. Simul et oppidi turris quae maximum propugnaculum fuerat, subrutis fundamentis, dehiscere ingentibus rimis et tum [xvi litt.] ṭọ [iii litt.] igni coepit; incendiique simul et ruinae metu territi Contrebienses de muro trepidi refugerunt; et ut legati mitterentur ad dedendam urbem ab universa multitudine conclamatum est. Eadem virtus quae irritaverat oppugnantem victorem placabiliorem fecit. Obsidibus acceptis pecuniae modicam exegit summam armaque omnia ademit. Transfugas liberos vivos ad se adduci iussit; fugitivos, quorum maior multitudo erat, ipsis imperavit ut interficerent. Iugulatos de muro deiecerunt.Cum magna iactura militum quattuor et quadraginta diebus Contrebia expugnata, relictoque ibi L. Insteio [xvi litt.] ipse ad Hiberum flumen copias reduxit. Ibi hibernaculis secundum oppidum quod Castra Aelia vocatur aedificatis ipse in castris manebat; interdiu conventum sociarum civitatium in oppido agebat. Arma ut fierent pro copiis cuiusque populi per totam provinciam edixerat; quibus inspectis referre vetera arma milites iussit, quae aut itineribus crebris aut oppu [c. xxx litt.] facta erant, novaque iis per centuriones divisit. Equitatum quoque novis instruxit armis, vestimentaque praeparata ante divisa, et stipendium datum.
The Athenian Embassy to Sparta in 371 B.C.
Authors: Mosley D. J. 
Published: April 2013

Xenophon records that in 371 an embassy was sent from Athens to Sparta in order to negotiate a settlement. His account contains several peculiar features concerning both the procedure of the embassy and the personnel employed. To submit the historical writings of Xenophon to close and detailed scrutiny is often an unrewarding task, yet it is well to bear in mind that at the time of the events under discussion Xenophon, who had been exiled from Athens, was resident in the Peloponnese and he ought therefore to have been in a position to combine an understanding of the political workings of Athens with a knowledge of what went on in Sparta.We read that Callias the son of Hipponicus, Autocles the son of Strombichides, Demostratus the son of Aristophon, Aristocles, Cephisodotus, Melanopus and Lycaethus, seven names in all, were sent as envoys, and further that the popular orator Callistratus was also present in Sparta. Included in the account are three speeches which at first sight are discordant and which Xenophon attributes to Callias, Autocles and Callistratus.
Chronic bullying victimization across school transitions: The role of genetic and environmental influences
Authors: Bowes Lucy , Maughan Barbara , Ball Harriet , Shakoor Sania , Ouellet-Morin Isabelle , Caspi Avshalom , Moffitt Terrie E. , Arseneault Louise 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWe investigated the antecedents and consequences of chronic victimization by bullies across a school transition using a genetically sensitive longitudinal design. Data were from the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study (E-Risk), an epidemiological cohort of 2,232 children. We used mothers' and children's reports of bullying victimization during primary school and early secondary school. Children who experienced frequent victimization at both time points were classed as “chronic victims” and were found to have an increased risk for mental health problems and academic difficulties compared to children who were bullied only in primary school, children bullied for the first time in secondary school, and never-bullied children. Biometric analyses revealed that stability in victimization over this period was influenced primarily by genetic and shared environmental factors. Regression analyses showed that children's early characteristics such as preexistent adjustment difficulties and IQ predicted chronic versus transitory victimization. Family risk factors for chronic victimization included socioeconomic disadvantage, low maternal warmth, and maltreatment. Our results suggest that bullying intervention programs should consider the role of the victims' behaviors and family background in increasing vulnerability to chronic victimization. Our study highlights the importance of widening antibullying interventions to include families to reduce the likelihood of children entering a pathway toward chronic victimization.
Codevelopment of externalizing and internalizing symptoms in middle to late childhood: Sex, baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia, and respiratory sinus arrhythmia reactivity as predictors
Authors: Hinnant J. Benjamin , El-Sheikh Mona 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWe investigated the roles of sex and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), an index of autonomic parasympathetic nervous system activity, as predictors of codeveloping externalizing and internalizing symptoms in middle childhood. We expected that sex, baseline RSA (RSA-B), and RSA reactivity (RSA-R) to two types of tasks would interact to differentiate co-occurring trajectories of symptoms. We tested these hypotheses by combining longitudinal data from two independent samples (n = 390; 210 girls, 180 boys) with repeated measures at ages 8, 9, 10, and 11. RSA-R was measured in response to a socially stressful and frustrating stressor. Indicators of growth in externalizing and internalizing symptoms were derived from multiple domain growth models and used in person-centered growth mixture analyses. Three groups of externalizing and internalizing trajectories were found. Profile membership was predicted by several two-way interactions among sex, RSA-B, or RSA-R but was not predicted by three-way interactions. Children with low RSA-B and strong RSA withdrawal, girls with low RSA-B, and girls with strong RSA withdrawal were more likely to be on a developmental trajectory of low externalizing symptoms and moderately elevated internalizing symptoms. Membership in the high externalizing and high internalizing trajectory was predicted by weak RSA withdrawal for boys and strong RSA withdrawal for girls. The type of stressor task also played a role in predicting probability of profile membership. Results are discussed in the context of developmental psychobiology and implications for the codevelopment of psychopathology symptoms in childhood.
Effects of early maternal distress and parenting on the development of children's self-regulation and externalizing behavior
Authors: Choe Daniel Ewon , Olson Sheryl L. , Sameroff Arnold J. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractEmotional distress experienced by mothers increases young children's risk of externalizing problems through suboptimal parenting and child self-regulation. An integrative structural equation model tested hypotheses that mothers’ parenting (i.e., low levels of inductive discipline and maternal warmth) would mediate adverse effects of early maternal distress on child effortful control, which in turn would mediate effects of maternal parenting on child externalizing behavior. This longitudinal study spanning ages 3, 6, and 10 included 241 children, mothers, and a subset of teachers. The hypothesized model was partially supported. Elevated maternal distress was associated with less inductive discipline and maternal warmth, which in turn were associated with less effortful control at age 3 but not at age 6. Inductive discipline and maternal warmth mediated adverse effects of maternal distress on children's effortful control. Less effortful control at ages 3 and 6 predicted smaller relative decreases in externalizing behavior at 6 and 10, respectively. Effortful control mediated effects of inductive discipline, but not maternal warmth, on externalizing behavior. Findings suggest elevated maternal distress increases children's risk of externalizing problems by compromising early parenting and child self-regulation.
Gene × Environment effects of serotonin transporter, dopamine receptor D4, and monoamine oxidase A genes with contextual and parenting risk factors on symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder, anxiety, and depression in a community sample of 4-year-old children
Authors: Lavigne John V. , Herzing Laura B. K. , Cook Edwin H. , Lebailly Susan A. , Gouze Karen R. , Hopkins Joyce , Bryant Fred B. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractGenetic factors can play a key role in the multiple level of analyses approach to understanding the development of child psychopathology. The present study examined gene–environment correlations and Gene × Environment interactions for polymorphisms of three target genes, the serotonin transporter gene, the D4 dopamine receptor gene, and the monoamine oxidase A gene in relation to symptoms of anxiety, depression, and oppositional behavior. Saliva samples were collected from 175 non-Hispanic White, 4-year-old children. Psychosocial risk factors included socioeconomic status, life stress, caretaker depression, parental support, hostility, and scaffolding skills. In comparison with the short forms (s/s, s/l) of the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic repeat, the long form (l/l) was associated with greater increases in symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder in interaction with family stress and with greater increases in symptoms of child depression and anxiety in interaction with caretaker depression, family conflict, and socioeconomic status. In boys, low-activity monoamine oxidase A gene was associated with increases in child anxiety and depression in interaction with caretaker depression, hostility, family conflict, and family stress. The results highlight the important of gene–environment interplay in the development of symptoms of child psychopathology in young children.
Intervention in gene regulatory networks with maximal phenotype alteration
Authors: Yousefi Mohammadmahdi R. , Dougherty Edward R. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractMotivation: A basic issue for translational genomics is to model gene interaction via gene regulatory networks (GRNs) and thereby provide an informatics environment to study the effects of intervention (say, via drugs) and to derive effective intervention strategies. Taking the view that the phenotype is characterized by the long-run behavior (steady-state distribution) of the network, we desire interventions to optimally move the probability mass from undesirable to desirable states Heretofore, two external control approaches have been taken to shift the steady-state mass of a GRN: (i) use a user-defined cost function for which desirable shift of the steady-state mass is a by-product and (ii) use heuristics to design a greedy algorithm. Neither approach provides an optimal control policy relative to long-run behavior.Results: We use a linear programming approach to optimally shift the steady-state mass from undesirable to desirable states, i.e. optimization is directly based on the amount of shift and therefore must outperform previously proposed methods. Moreover, the same basic linear programming structure is used for both unconstrained and constrained optimization, where in the latter case, constraints on the optimization limit the amount of mass that may be shifted to ‘ambiguous’ states, these being states that are not directly undesirable relative to the pathology of interest but which bear some perceived risk. We apply the method to probabilistic Boolean networks, but the theory applies to any Markovian GRN.Availability: Supplementary materials, including the simulation results, MATLAB source code and description of suboptimal methods are available at http://gsp.tamu.edu/Publications/supplementary/yousefi13b.Contact: edward@ece.tamu.eduSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.