bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epilepsy surgery for children with epileptic spasms: A systematic review and meta‐analysis with focus on predictors and outcomes
Authors: Kolosky Taylor , Goldstein Shipper Andrea , Sun Kai , Tozduman Busra , Bentzen Soren , Moosa Ahsan N. , Erdemir Gozde 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo conduct a systematic review of the literature regarding rates and predictors of favorable seizure outcome after resective surgery for epileptic spasms (ES) in pediatric patients. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses standards were followed. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL for articles published on the prevalence or incidence of epileptic spasm since 1985. Abstract, full‐text review, and data extraction were conducted by two independent reviewers. Meta‐analysis was performed to assess overall seizure freedom rate. Subject‐level analysis was performed on a subset of studies to identify prognostic indicators. A total of 21 retrospective studies (n = 531) were included. Meta‐analysis of all studies demonstrated a pooled seizure freedom rate of 68.8%. Subject‐level analysis on 18 studies (n = 360) demonstrated a significant association between duration of spasms and recurrence of spasms after surgery, with an estimated increased risk of 7% per additional year of spasms prior to operation. Patients who underwent resective surgery that was not a hemispherectomy (i.e., lobectomy, lesionectomy, etc.) had an increased recurrence risk of 57% compared to patients who had undergone hemispherectomy. Resective surgery results in seizure freedom for the majority of pediatric patients with epileptic spasms. Patients who undergo hemispherectomy have lower risk of recurrence than patients who undergo other types of surgical resection. Increased duration of spasms prior to surgery is associated with increased recurrence risk after surgery.Plain Language SummaryChildren with epileptic spasms (ES) that do not respond to medications may benefit from surgical treatment. Our study reviewed existing research to understand how effective surgery is in treating ES in children and what factors predict better outcomes. Researchers followed strict guidelines to search for and analyze studies published since 1985, finding 21 studies with a total of 531 patients. They found that, on average, nearly 70% of children became seizure‐free after surgery. Further individual analysis of 360 patients showed that longer duration of spasms before surgery increased the risk of spasms returning by 7% per year. Additionally, children who had less extensive surgeries, such as removal of only a specific part of the brain, had a 57% higher risk of seizure recurrence compared to those who had a hemispherectomy, which removed or disconnected half of the brain. Overall, the study concludes that surgery can often stop seizures, especially when more extensive surgery is performed and when the surgery is done sooner rather than later.
Advancing mango quality assurance: Non‐destructive detection of spongy tissue using visible near‐infrared spectroscopy and machine learning classification
Authors: Kiran Patil Rajvardhan , Yeasin Md , Aradwad Pramod , Arunkumar T. V. , Parray Roaf Ahmad 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe renowned Alphonso mango, celebrated in India for its exquisite taste, saffron hue, pleasing texture, and prolonged shelf life, holds significant global commercial appeal. Unfortunately, the widespread issue of spongy tissue (ST) disorder in Alphonso mangoes results in a soft, corky texture, affecting up to 30% of mangoes in a single batch. This challenge leads to the outright rejection of affected mangoes during export due to delayed disorder identification. The current evaluation method involves destructive cutting, causing substantial fruit loss, and lacks assurance for the overall batch quality. This study addresses these challenges by focusing on the utilization of visible near‐infrared spectroscopy as a non‐invasive method to assess the internal quality of mangoes. Additionally, it introduces innovative classification models for automated binary categorization (Healthy vs. ST affected). Through preprocessing and principal component analysis of spectral reflectance data for feature extraction and wavelength optimization, successful wavelength ranges of 650–970 nm were identified, effectively distinguishing between healthy and damaged mangoes. Various machine learning models used notably, linear discriminant analysis, support vector machine, and logistic regression exhibited strong discriminative capabilities with higher accuracy reaching 99%. This non‐destructive approach addresses critical challenges in the mango export industry, offering early detection of internal disorders and minimizing postharvest losses.
Assessing the impact of history of medicine research: A scientometric and altmetric analysis
Authors: Orimi Jamal Rezaei , Asadi Mohammad Hossein , Jafari Forouhe , Ramezani Aboozar , Hossein Latifi Seyyed Amir , khosravi Azam , Mahmoodi Seyed Abdollah , Salehi Mehdi , Siamian Hasan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsAfter conducting a comprehensive literature search of two medical electronic databases, PubMed and Embase, as well as two citation databases, Web of Science Core Collections (WoS) and Scopus, we aimed to conduct an Altmetric and Scientometric analysis of the History of Medicine literature in medical research.MethodsThe following software tools were used for analyzing the retrieved records from PubMed and Embase databases and conducting a collaboration analysis to identify the countries involved in scientific medical papers, as well as clustering keywords to reveal the trend of History of Medicine research for the future. These software tools (VOSviewer 1.6.18 and Spss 16) allowed the researchers to visualize bibliometric networks, perform statistical analysis, and identify patterns and trends in the data.ResultsOur analysis revealed 53,771 records from PubMed and 54,405 records from EMBASE databases retrieved in the field of History of Medicine by 105,286 contributed authors in WoS. We identified 157 countries that collaborated on scientific medical papers. By clustering 59,995 keywords, we were able to reveal the trend of History of Medicine research for the future. Our findings showed a positive association between traditional bibliometrics and social media metrics such as the Altmetric Attention Score in the History of Medicine literature (p < 0.05).ConclusionSharing research findings of articles in social scientific networks will increase the visibility of scientific works in History of Medicine research, which is one of the most important factors influencing the citation of articles. Additionally, our overview of the literature in the medical field allowed us to identify and examine gaps in the History of Medicine research.
HCV prevalence and phylogenetic characteristics in a cross‐sectional, community study of young people who inject drugs in New York City: Opportunity for and threats to HCV elimination
Authors: Pedro Mateu‐Gelabert , Seanna Pratt , Honoria Guarino , Renee Hallack , Chunki Fong , Ben Eckhardt 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsIn the United States, the opioid epidemic has led many young people who use opioids to initiate injection drug use, putting them at risk for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, community surveys to monitor HCV prevalence among young people who inject drugs (YPWID) are rare.MethodsAs part of Staying Safe (Ssafe), a trial to evaluate an HCV‐prevention intervention, a community‐recruited sample of 439 young people who use opioids (ages 18−30) in New York City (NYC) were screened from 2018 to 2021. Screening procedures included a brief verbal questionnaire, a visual check for injection marks, onsite urine drug testing, rapid HCV antibody (Ab) testing, and dried blood spot (DBS) collection. DBS specimens were sent to a laboratory for HCV RNA testing and phylogenetic analysis to identify genetic linkages among HCV RNA‐positive specimens. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess associations between HCV status (Ab and RNA) and demographics and drug use patterns.ResultsAmong the 330 participants who reported injecting drugs (past 6 months), 33% (n = 110) tested HCV Ab‐positive, 58% of whom (n = 64) had HCV RNA‐positive DBS specimens, indicating active infection. In multivariable analysis, visible injection marks (AOR = 3.02; p < 0.001), older age (AOR = 1.38; p < 0.05), and female gender (AOR = 1.69; p = 0.052) were associated with HCV Ab‐positive status. Visible injection marks were also associated with HCV RNA‐positive status (AOR = 5.24; p < 0.01). Twenty‐five percent of RNA‐positive specimens (14/57) were genetically linked.ConclusionThe relatively low prevalence of active infection suggests the potential impact of treatment‐as‐prevention in reducing HCV prevalence among YPWID. Targeted community serosurveys could help identify actively infected YPWID for treatment, thereby reducing HCV incidence and future transmissions.
Neuroimaging biomarkers for predicting stroke outcomes: A systematic review
Authors: Gaviria Elizabeth , Eltayeb Hamid Awab Hamid 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsStroke is a prominent cause of long‐term adult impairment globally and a significant global health issue. Only 14% of stroke survivors achieve full recovery, while 25% to 50% require varying degrees of support, and over half become dependent. The aftermath of a stroke brings profound changes to an individual's life, with early choices significantly impacting their quality of life. This review aims to establish the efficacy of neuroimaging data in predicting long‐term outcomes and recovery rates following a stroke.MethodsA scientific literature search was conducted using the Centre of Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) criteria and PRISMA guidelines for a combined meta‐narrative and systematic quantitative review. The methodology involved a structured search in databases like PubMed and The Cochrane Library, following inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify relevant studies on neuroimaging biomarkers for stroke outcome prediction. Data collection utilized the Microsoft Edge Zotero plugin, with quality appraisal conducted via the CASP checklist. Studies published from 2010 to 2024, including observational, randomized control trials, case reports, and clinical trials. Non‐English and incomplete studies were excluded, resulting in the identification of 11 pertinent articles. Data extraction emphasized study methodologies, stroke conditions, clinical parameters, and biomarkers, aiming to provide a thorough literature overview and evaluate the significance of neuroimaging biomarkers in predicting stroke recovery outcomes.ResultsThe results of this systematic review indicate that integrating advanced neuroimaging methods with highly successful reperfusion therapies following a stroke facilitates the diagnosis of the condition and assists in improving neurological impairments resulting from stroke. These measures reduce the possibility of death and improve the treatment provided to stroke patients.ConclusionThese findings highlight the crucial role of neuroimaging in advancing our understanding of post‐stroke outcomes and improving patient care.
Parametric study of low‐temperature solar‐assisted flash evaporation desalination systems using two‐phase water–steam ejector
Authors: Mahdi Mustafa S. , Ezzat Akram W. , Hu Eric 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate a two‐phase subsonic ejector added to a flash evaporation desalination system to increase the system productivity of distilled water. The flash evaporation was of low‐temperature condition that it could be powered by a flat and evacuated tube solar water heater. A parametric study of superheat degree (range 5°C–25°C), back pressure (range 10–30 kPa of absolute pressure), primary fluid flow rate (range 1–3 L/min), nozzle diameter (range 1–3 mm), and salinity concentration (range 0%–7%) were investigated to examine the system productivity and the ejector performance in terms of its entertainment ratio under different operating conditions. Results show that the inclusion of the ejector led to an average of 99% improvement in system productivity, primarily through the efficient secondary flow. Moreover, the effect of the studied parameter was more pronounced in the considered flash evaporation desalination system as it has two places where flash evaporation occurs, compared with the normal system where the flash evaporation occurs at one place. All in all, the application of the ejector could enhance the system's productivity significantly under different operating conditions.
Prophylactic supplementation with Bifidobacterium infantis or its metabolite inosine attenuates cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Zhang Hao , Wang Jiawan , Shen Jianghua , Chen Siqi , Yuan Hailong , Zhang Xuan , Liu Xu , Yu Ying , Li Xinran , Gao Zeyu , Wang Yaohui , Wang Jun , Song Moshi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEmerging evidence has demonstrated the profound impact of the gut microbiome on cardiovascular diseases through the production of diverse metabolites. Using an animal model of myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury, we found that the prophylactic administration of a well‐known probiotic, Bifidobacterium infantis (B. infantis), exhibited cardioprotective effects in terms of preserving cardiac contractile function and preventing adverse cardiac remodeling following I/R and that these cardioprotective effects were recapitulated by its metabolite inosine. Transcriptomic analysis further revealed that inosine mitigated I/R‐induced cardiac inflammation and cell death. Mechanistic investigations elucidated that inosine suppressed the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and reduced the numbers of dendritic cells and natural killer cells, achieved through the activation of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) that when inhibited abrogated the cardioprotective effects of inosine. Additionally, in vitro studies using C2C12 myoblasts revealed that inosine attenuated cell death by serving as an alternative carbon source for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation through the purine salvage pathway when subjected to oxygen‐glucose deprivation/reoxygenation that simulated myocardial I/R injury. Likewise, inosine reversed the I/R‐induced decrease in ATP levels in mouse hearts. Taken together, our findings indicate that B. infantis or its metabolite inosine exerts cardioprotective effects against I/R by suppressing cardiac inflammation and attenuating cardiac cell death, suggesting prophylactic therapeutic options for acute ischemic cardiac injury.
Tilianin enhances the antitumor effect of sufentanil on non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Chen Huixia , Wu Yulin , Wang Jiazheng , Li Yike , Chen Yongxue , Wang Xinbo , Lv Hangyu , Liu Xinyan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNon‐small cell cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cancer in the world, but its effective therapeutic methods are limited. Tilianin and sufentanil alleviate various human tumors. This research aimed to clarify the functions and mechanisms of Tilianin and sufentanil in NSCLC. The functions of Tilianin and sufentanil on NSCLC cell viability, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and immunity in vitro were examined using Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay, flow cytometry, reactive oxygen species level analysis, CD8+ T cell percentage analysis, Western blot, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The molecular mechanism regulated by Tilianin and sufentanil in NSCLC was assessed using Western blot, and immunofluorescence assays. Meanwhile, the roles of Tilianin and sufentanil in NSCLC tumor growth, apoptosis, and immunity in vivo were determined by establishing a tumor xenograft mouse model, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot assays. When sufentanil concentration was proximity 2 nM, the inhibition rate of NSCLC cell viability was 50%. The IC50 for A549 cells was 2.36 nM, and the IC50 for H1299 cells was 2.18 nM. The IC50 of Tilianin for A549 cells was 38.7 μM, and the IC50 of Tilianin for H1299 cells was 44.6 μM. Functionally, 0.5 nM sufentanil and 10 μM Tilianin reduced NSCLC cell (A549 and H1299) viability in a dose‐dependent manner. Also, 0.5 nM sufentanil and 10 μM Tilianin enhanced NSCLC cell apoptosis, yet this impact was strengthened after a combination of Tilianin and Sufentanil. Furthermore, 0.5 nM sufentanil and 10 μM Tilianin repressed NSCLC cell mitochondrial dysfunction and immunity, and these impacts were enhanced after a combination of Tilianin and Sufentanil. Mechanistically, 0.5 nM sufentanil and 10 μM Tilianin repressed the NF‐κB pathway in NSCLC cells, while this repression was strengthened after a combination of Tilianin and Sufentanil. In vivo experimental data further clarified that 1 µg/kg sufentanil and 10 mg/kg Tilianin reduced NSCLC growth, immunity, and NF‐κB pathway‐related protein levels, yet these trends were enhanced after a combination of Tilianin and Sufentanil. Tilianin strengthened the antitumor effect of sufentanil in NSCLC.
Measured distance from posterior tibia to popliteal artery increases with flexion and subluxation of the knee
Authors: Hungerford Marc , Pichard‐encina Carmen P. , Boner Ashlie , Jones Lynne 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposePopliteal artery laceration is a devastating complication in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Its anatomic position relative to the tibia has been studied using ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. This is the first study performed in a laboratory using radiographic measurements to determine if increased flexion and subluxation of the knee increase the distance between the tibia and popliteal artery.MethodsThe femoral artery was infused with radiopaque dye in six cadavers. The knee was placed in two different degrees of flexion and three of subluxation. The radiographic distance between standardized markers in the posterior tibia and popliteal artery was measured.ResultsThe average distance from the tibial peg to the popliteal artery at 90° of flexion increased from 0% to 50% to 100% subluxation. The increase was statistically significant (Friedman test p = 0.016). The contrast between neutral and 100% subluxation was statistically significant (Sign test p = 0.031). At 115° flexion, average distance from the peg to popliteal artery significantly increased as subluxation increased (Friedman test p = 0.05). In three specimens, at 115° of flexion and 100% subluxation, a line perpendicular to the axis of the tibia, failed to intersect the popliteal artery. The measured distance increased from 90° to 115° of flexion at a given degree of subluxation, but this difference did not reach statistical significance.ConclusionsIncreasing flexion and subluxation of the tibia results in increasing distance between the cut plane of the tibial plateau and popliteal artery and decreases risk of laceration.Level of EvidenceNot applicable.
Congenital malformation in green turtle embryos and hatchlings
Authors: Sönmez Bektaş , Sağol Özlem 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSuccessful embryonic development depends on the interaction between genetic factors and environmental variables. Congenital malformations in sea turtles can result from extreme conditions during the incubation period, reducing hatching success and potentially impeding population recovery. We aimed to characterize the congenital malformations found in green turtle nests, determine their prevalence and severity, and understand their drivers during the 2022 nesting season on Samandağ beach on northern Mediterranean nesting beaches. A total of 2986 examples of congenital malformations were observed in 362 out of 907 green turtle nests. The prevalence of congenital malformations per nest was 39%, and the severity (the number of malformed individuals per nest) was 3.8%. Nests with congenital malformations exhibited a lower mean distance from the sea, a shorter incubation duration (a proxy for incubation temperature), lower hatching success, a larger clutch size, and higher mortality at late embryonic and hatchling stages than nests without congenital malformations. There was no significant difference in total mortality between these two nest types. A total of 52 different congenital malformations were recorded, 2 of which were observed for the first time in sea turtles and 28 for the first time in green turtles. The results suggest that congenital malformations may be related to nest temperature and clutch size, while overall mortality may be independent of malformations. Pigmentation disorders and craniofacial malformations typically coexist in cases of multiple malformations. Long‐term monitoring of congenital malformations is crucial, as it can provide clues about the health status of the nesting beach and nesting colony.
Insights into the oxidative thermal stability of mesoporous triazine‐based organic polymers: Kinetics and thermodynamic parameters
Authors: Altarawneh Suha 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the thermal degradation kinetics of mesoporous triazine‐based polymers, namely triazine‐amine and triazine‐ether polymers. The synthesis, physicochemical characterization, and catalytic applications of these polymers were discussed in our previous report. Herein, the thermal stability parameters, including kinetic triplets and thermodynamic parameters, were determined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and non‐isothermal mathematical approximations such as Coats‐Redfern, Broido, and Horowitz–Metzger methods. Triazine‐ether polymers exhibit thermal stability within the range of 200°C–300°C, while triazine‐amine polymer demonstrates superior thermal stability, reaching up to 450°C. According to the Coats‐Redfern method, the degradation follows reaction orders of 0.5 ≤ n ≤ 1. The activation energy of triazine‐amine polymer is notably high, particularly at the third degradation stage (e.g., 89.0 kJ/mol by the Broido method), attributed to its high nitrogen content. Conversely, the higher carbon content of triazine‐ether polymers reduces their activation energy to approximately 30 kJ/mol at all stages and thus, facilitates the degradation process. Thermodynamically, the degradation process is favorable yet non‐spontaneous, with intermediate states of the polymers exhibiting higher entropy, indicative of their enhanced degradation capability.
Robotic‐assisted total knee arthroplasty reduces postoperative complications and length of stay without increased cost compared to navigation‐guided techniques: A national analysis
Authors: Maman David , Laver Lior , Becker Roland , Mahamid Assil , Berkovich Yaron 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionThis study compares postoperative outcomes of robotic‐assisted total knee arthroplasty (RA‐TKA) versus navigation‐guided total knee arthroplasty (NG‐TKA). Using Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) data, it provides an analysis of postoperative complications, mortality, hospital costs and duration of stay.MethodsThe study analysed 217,715 patients (81,830 RA‐TKA; 135,885 NG‐TKA) using NIS data from 2016 to 2019. Elective TKA patients were identified through the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes. Statistical analyses, including logistic regression modelling, were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and MATLAB.ResultsRA‐TKA patients were younger (66.1 vs. 67.1 years, p < 0.0001) and had similar mortality rates (0.024% vs. 0.018%, p = 0.342) but shorter length of stay (LOS) (1.89 vs. 2.1 days, p < 0.0001). Mean total charges were comparable between RA‐TKA ($66,180) and NG‐TKA ($66,251, p = 0.669). RA‐TKA demonstrated lower incidences of blood‐related complications (11.67% vs. 14.19%, p < 0.0001), pulmonary oedema (0.0306% vs. 0.066%, p < 0.0001), deep vein thrombosis (0.196% vs. 0.254%, p = 0.006) and acute kidney injury (AKI) (1.356% vs. 1.483%, p = 0.016).ConclusionRA‐TKA reduces postoperative complications and LOS without increasing costs, highlighting the relevance of this technology in patient care.Level of EvidenceLevel III.