bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vertical structure of a springtime smoky and humid troposphere over the southeast Atlantic from aircraft and reanalysis
Authors: Pistone Kristina , Wilcox Eric M. , Zuidema Paquita , Giordano Marco , Podolske James , LeBlanc Samuel E. , Kacenelenbogen Meloë , Howell Steven G. , Freitag Steffen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The springtime atmosphere over the southeast Atlantic Ocean (SEA) is subjected to a consistent layer of biomass burning (BB) smoke from widespread fires on the African continent. An elevated humidity signal is coincident with this layer, consistently proportional to the amount of smoke present. The combined humidity and BB aerosol has potentially significant radiative and dynamic impacts. Here, we use aircraft-based observations from the NASA ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) deployments in conjunction with reanalyses to characterize covariations in humidity and BB smoke across the SEA. The observed plume–vapor relationship, and its agreement with the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis version 5 (ERA5) and Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) reanalysis, persists across all observations, although the magnitude of the relationship varies as the season progresses. Water vapor is well represented by the reanalyses, while CAMS tends to underestimate carbon monoxide especially under high BB. While CAMS aerosol optical depth (AOD) is generally overestimated relative to ORACLES AOD, the observations show a consistent relationship between carbon monoxide (CO) and aerosol extinction, demonstrating the utility of the CO tracer to understanding vertical aerosol distribution. We next use k-means clustering of the reanalyses to examine multi-year seasonal patterns and distributions. We identify canonical profile types of humidity and of CO, allowing us to characterize changes in vapor and BB atmospheric structures, and their impacts as they covary. While the humidity profiles show a range in both total water vapor concentration and in vertical structure, the CO profiles primarily vary in terms of maximum concentration, with similar vertical structures in each. The distribution of profile types varies spatiotemporally across the SEA region and through the season, ranging from largely one type in the northeast and southwest to more evenly distributed between multiple types where air masses meet in the middle of the SEA. These distributions follow patterns of transport from the humid, smoky source region (greatest influence in the northeast of the SEA) and the seasonal changes in both humidity and smoke (increasing and decreasing through the season, respectively). With this work, we establish a framework for a more complete analysis of the broader radiative and dynamical effects of humid aerosols over the SEA.
Uncertainties in temperature statistics and fluxes determined by sonic anemometers due to wind-induced vibrations of mounting arms
Authors: Gao Zhongming , Liu Heping , Li Dan , Yang Bai , Walden Von , Li Lei , Bogoev Ivan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Accurate air temperature measurements are essential in eddy covariance systems, not only for determining sensible heat flux but also for applying density effect corrections (DECs) to water vapor and CO2 fluxes. However, the influence of wind-induced vibrations of mounting structures on temperature fluctuations remains a subject of investigation. This study examines 30 min average temperature variances and fluxes using eddy covariance systems, combining Campbell Scientific sonic anemometers with closely co-located fine-wire thermocouples alongside LI-COR CO2–H2O gas analyzers at multiple heights above a sagebrush ecosystem. The variances of sonic temperature after humidity corrections (Ts) and sensible heat fluxes derived from Ts are underestimated (e.g., by approximately 5 % for temperature variances and 4 % for sensible heat fluxes at 40.2 m, respectively) as compared with those measured by a fine-wire thermocouple (Tc). Spectral analysis illustrates that these underestimated variances and fluxes are caused by the lower energy levels in the Ts spectra than the Tc spectra in the low-frequency range (natural frequency < 0.02 Hz). These underestimated Ts spectra in the low-frequency range become more pronounced with increasing wind speeds, especially when wind speed exceeds 10 m s−1. Moreover, the underestimated temperature variances and fluxes cause overestimated water vapor and CO2 fluxes through DEC. Our analysis suggests that these underestimations when using Ts are likely due to wind-induced vibrations affecting the tower and mounting arms, altering the time of flight of ultrasonic signals along three sonic measurement paths. This study underscores the importance of further investigations to develop corrections for these errors.
Visibility-derived aerosol optical depth over global land from 1959 to 2021
Authors: Hao Hongfei , Wang Kaicun , Zhao Chuanfeng , Wu Guocan , Li Jing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Long-term and high spatial resolution aerosol optical depth (AOD) data are essential for climate change detection and attribution. Global ground-based AOD observations are sparsely distributed, and satellite AOD retrievals have a low temporal frequency as well low accuracy before 2000 over land. In this study, AOD at 550 nm is derived from visibility observations collected at more than 5000 meteorological stations over global land regions from 1959 to 2021. The AOD retrievals (550 nm) of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on board the Aqua Earth observation satellite are used to train the machine learning model, and the ERA5 reanalysis boundary layer height is used to convert the surface visibility to AOD. Comparisons with an independent dataset (AERONET ground-based observations) show that the predicted AOD has a correlation coefficient of 0.55 at the daily scale. The correlation coefficients are higher at monthly and annual scales, which are 0.61 and 0.65, respectively. The evaluation shows consistent predictive ability prior to 2000, with correlation coefficients of 0.54, 0.66, and 0.66 at the daily, monthly, and annual scales, respectively. Due to the small number and sparse visibility stations prior to 1980, the global and regional analysis in this study is from 1980 to 2021. From 1980 to 2021, the mean visibility-derived AOD values over global land areas, the Northern Hemisphere, and the Southern Hemisphere are 0.177, 0.178, and 0.175, with a trend of −0.0029 per 10 years, −0.0030 per 10 years, and −0.0021 per 10 years from 1980 to 2021. The regional means (trends) of AOD are 0.181 (−0.0096 per 10 years), 0.163 (−0.0026 per 10 years), 0.146 (−0.0017 per 10 years), 0.165 (−0.0027 per 10 years), 0.198 (−0.0075 per 10 years), 0.281 (−0.0062 per 10 years), 0.182 (−0.0016 per 10 years), 0.133 (−0.0028 per 10 years), 0.222 (0.0007 per 10 years), 0.244 (−0.0009 per 10 years), 0.241 (0.0130 per 10 years), and 0.254 (0.0119 per 10 years) in Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Western North America, Eastern North America, Central South America, Western Africa, Southern Africa, Australia, Southeast Asia, Northeast Asia, Eastern China, and India, respectively. However, the trends decrease significantly in Eastern China (−0.0572 per 10 years) and Northeast Asia (−0.0213 per 10 years) after 2014, with the larger increasing trend found after 2005 in India (0.0446 per 10 years). The visibility-derived daily AOD dataset at 5032 stations over global land from 1959 to 2021 is available from the National Tibetan Plateau/Third Pole Environment Data Center (https://doi.org/10.11888/Atmos.tpdc.300822) (Hao et al., 2023).
HUST-Grace2024: a new GRACE-only gravity field time series based on more than 20 years of satellite geodesy data and a hybrid processing chain
Authors: Zhou Hao , Zheng Lijun , Li Yaozong , Guo Xiang , Zhou Zebing , Luo Zhicai 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. To improve the accuracy of monthly temporal gravity field models for the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and the GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) missions, a new series named HUST-Grace2024 is determined based on the updated L1B datasets (GRACE L1B RL03 and GRACE-FO L1B RL04) and the newest atmosphere and ocean de-aliasing product (AOD1B RL07). Compared to the previous HUST temporal gravity field model releases, we have made the following improvements related to updating the background models and the processing chain: (1) during the satellite onboard events, the inter-satellite pointing angles are calculated to pinpoint outliers in the K-band ranging (KBR) range-rate and accelerometer observations. To exclude outliers, the advisable threshold is 50 mrad for KBR range rates and 20 mrad for accelerations. (2) To relieve the impacts of KBR range-rate noise at different frequencies, a hybrid data-weighting method is proposed. Kinematic empirical parameters are used to reduce the low-frequency noise, while a stochastic model is designed to relieve the impacts of random noise above 10 mHz. (3) A fully populated scale factor matrix is used to improve the quality of accelerometer calibration. Analyses in the spectral and spatial domains are then implemented, which demonstrate that HUST-Grace2024 yields a noticeable reduction of 10 % to 30 % in noise level and retains consistent amplitudes of signal content over 48 river basins compared with the official GRACE and GRACE-FO solutions. These evaluations confirm that our aforementioned efforts lead to a better temporal gravity field series. This data set is identified with the following DOI: https://doi.org/10.5880/ICGEM.2024.001 (Zhou et al., 2024).
Characterizing hail-prone environments using convection-permitting reanalysis and overshooting top detections over south-central Europe
Authors: Giordani Antonio , Kunz Michael , Bedka Kristopher M. , Punge Heinz Jürgen , Paccagnella Tiziana , Pavan Valentina , Cerenzia Ines M. L. , Di Sabatino Silvana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The challenges associated with reliably observing and simulating hazardous hailstorms call for new approaches that combine information from different available sources, such as remote sensing instruments, observations, or numerical modelling, to improve understanding of where and when severe hail most often occurs. In this work, a proxy for hail frequency is developed by combining overshooting cloud top (OT) detections from the Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) weather satellite with convection-permitting High rEsolution ReAnalysis over Italy (SPHERA) reanalysis predictors describing hail-favourable environmental conditions. Atmospheric properties associated with ground-based reports from the European Severe Weather Database (ESWD) are considered to define specific criteria for data filtering. Five convection-related parameters from reanalysis data quantifying key ingredients for hailstorm occurrence enter the filter: most unstable convective available potential energy (CAPE), K index, surface lifted index, deep-layer shear, and freezing-level height. A hail frequency estimate over the extended summer season (April–October) in south-central Europe is presented for a test period of 5 years (2016–2020). OT-derived hail frequency peaks at around 15:00 UTC in June–July over the pre-Alpine regions and the northern Adriatic Sea. The hail proxy statistically matches with ∼63 % of confirmed ESWD reports, which is roughly 23 % more than the previous estimate over Europe coupling deterministic satellite detections with coarser global reanalysis ambient conditions. The separation of hail events according to their severity highlights the enhanced appropriateness of the method for large-hail-producing hailstorms (with hailstone diameters ≥ 3 cm). Further, signatures for missed small-hail occurrences are identified, which are characterized by lower instability and organization and warmer cloud top temperatures.
Cine-debate: Filosofía y afectos en la educación
Authors: Vazquez Muriel 
Published: July 2024

La experiencia estética engloba aspectos perceptivos, afectivos y cognitivos que la educación debería promover (Eisner, 1995). Para esto, es necesario suscitar prácticas educativas que entiendan la percepción como un acto cognitivo que involucra la emoción y posibilita la construcción intelectual de conceptos teóricos. Analizando las condiciones de posibilidad de la producción colectiva de conocimiento con enfoque filosófico a partir de la visualización de una producción audiovisual, nos basamos en un concepto amplio de patrimonio cultural (Prats, 1998), que incluya la actividad filosófica en el entramado de sus criterios estructurantes.
La incorporación de una metodología de debate con enfoque filosófico del lenguaje audiovisual puede favorecer a la educación en términos pedagógicos y culturales, en la medida que esta ha sido entendida como medio de transmisión de valores y habilidades, y, además, de producción de bienes inmateriales que deben ser incorporados al patrimonio cultural de una comunidad. Se buscará, en conclusión, determinar un enfoque estético a partir del cual fundamentar la aplicación del cine-debate en contextos educativos institucionalizados que posibilite una ampliación del patrimonio cultural inmaterial de la comunidad.
Особенности трансформации буддийских сообществ России
Authors: Музафарова Наталья Раисовна , Багаева Ксения Анатольевна 
Published: July 2024

Специфика развития и функционирования современных буддийских российских сообществ соответствует общемировым тенденциями, сохраняя региональные особенности. Авторы отмечают изменения в структуре сообществ, их положения в обществе, связывая с трансформацией общества. Показано, что буддийские российские сообщества зависят не только от локальных, но и от глобальных социокультурных процессов, происходящих в стране и мире. В России сосуществует два типа буддийских организаций – традиционные и глобальные. Сегодня в контексте обращения к традиционным духовным ценностям, воплощаемым в частности в буддизме, эти организации стали стремиться к выстраиванию диалога. Сделан вывод о том, что сегодня усиливается трансформация буддийских сообществ, что ожидаемо в контексте изменений, происходящих в современном мире. Религиозное пространство буддийских организаций мозаично и отличается пестротой учений, но мировоззренческое ядро в них остается прежним, несмотря на модификации.
Two-stage corrective operation for the treatment of pes cavovarus in patients with spina bifida
Authors: Padgett Anthony Mack , Kothari Ezan , Conklin Michael J 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND
Pes cavovarus has an estimated incidence of 8%-17% in patients with spina bifida (SB). The majority of the current literature on surgical treatment of cavovarus feet in children and adolescents includes a variety of diagnoses. There are currently no case series describing a treatment algorithm for deformity correction in this specific patient population. The authors of this study present the results of a retrospective case series performed to assess the radiographic outcomes of two-stage corrective surgery in patients with SB.
AIM
To assess the radiographic outcomes of a staged operation consisting of radical plantar release followed by osteotomy for pes cavovarus in patients with SB.
METHODS
Retrospective chart review was performed on patients with SB with a diagnosis of pes cavovarus at a freestanding children’s hospital who underwent surgical correction of the deformity. Patients were excluded for lack of two-stage corrective operation, nonambulatory status, lack of at least six months follow-up, and age > 18 years at the time of surgery. This resulted in a cohort of 19 patients. Radiographic analysis was performed on 11 feet that had a complete series of preoperative and postoperative weightbearing X-rays. Preoperative and postoperative radiographic outcome measurements were compared using a two-sample t -test.
RESULTS
Significant changes between the preoperative and postoperative measurements were seen in Meary’s angle, the anteroposterior talo-first metatarsal (AP TMT1) angle, and the talonavicular coverage. Mean values of Meary’s angle were 17.9 ± 13.1 preoperatively and 4.7 ± 10.3 postoperatively (P = 0.016). Mean AP TMT1 angle was 20.6 ± 15.1 preoperatively and 9.3 ± 5.5 postoperatively (P = 0.011). Mean talonavicular coverage values were -10.3 ± 9.6 preoperatively and -3.8 ± 10.1 postoperatively (P = 0.025).
CONCLUSION
The two-stage corrective procedure demonstrated efficacy in correcting cavovarus deformity in patients with SB. Providers should strongly consider employing the staged surgical algorithm presented in this manuscript for management of these patients.
Bubonic Plague Alert Based on Flea Index in The Plague Observation Area of Pasuruan District, East Java Year 2023
Authors: Inayah Zufra , Yanti Reza Fitri , Murti Dewinta Risna , Setyowati Wulan , Anggraeni Desy Novita 
Published: July 2024

Plague is a very serious health problem and can lead to outbreaks or epidemics caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. This study aims to determine the alertness of plague based on the flea index in the plague observation area in Pasuruan Regency, East Java. The research method used was exploratory. The research data used secondary data from the Surabaya Public Health Laboratory (BBLabkesmas). The plague observation area included four sub-districts. Tutur, Tosari, Puspo, and Pasrepan. The research variable was the index of fleas found in the observation area. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented in graphical form. The results showed that 2146 rats were caught in 2023, of which 630 were rats with fleas. The majority of rat species found were Rattus tanezumi (65.19%), Rattus exulans (22.51%), Hylomys suillus, shrew (Suncus murinus), and other rat species. The flea species found were Xenopsylla cheopis (78%) and Stivalius cognatus (22%). The two main indicators to measure the risk of plague transmission are the Generalized flea Index and the Specific flea Index. The generalized flea Index measures the density of fleas that are not the main vector of plague, while the Specific flea Index measures the density of Xenopsylla cheopis as the main vector of plague. In the Tutur sub-district, the first semester showed Ngaruh hamlet was alert with a specific flea Index of 1.22, but in the second semester, all areas in the Tutur sub-district were declared safe. Pasrepan and Puspo sub-districts were declared safe in both semesters. In the Tosari sub-district, first-semester Tosari Hamlet and second-semester Sedaeng Hamlet were declared alert with a specific flea Index of 1.06 and 1.04 respectively.
Payer Status and Racial Disparities in Time to Surgery for Emergent Orthopaedic Procedures
Authors: Schmerler Jessica , Haft Mark , Nelson Sarah , Srikumaran Uma , Best Matthew J. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Delay in surgical management for orthopaedic emergencies and severe fracture types can result in notable morbidity and even mortality for patients. Disparities in various facets of orthopaedic care have been identified based on race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and payer status, but disparities in time to surgery have been poorly explored. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to investigate whether disparities exist in time to emergent orthopaedic surgery.

Methods:
Patients who underwent surgery for hip fracture, femur fracture, pelvic fracture, septic knee, septic hip, or cauda equina syndrome over 2012 to 2020 were identified using national data. Multivariable linear regression models were constructed, controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, payer status, socioeconomic status, hospital setting, and comorbidities to examine the effect of payer status and race/ethnicity, on time to surgery.

Results:
Over 2012 to 2020, 247,370 patients underwent surgery for hip fracture, 64,827 for femur fracture, 14,130 for pelvic fracture, 14,979 for septic knee, 3,205 for septic hip, and 4,730 for cauda equina syndrome. On multivariable analysis, patients with Medicaid experienced significantly longer time to surgery for hip fracture, femur fracture, pelvic fracture, septic knee, and cauda equina syndrome (P < 0.05 all). Black patients experienced longer time to surgery for hip fracture, femur fracture, septic knee, septic hip, and cauda equina syndrome, and Hispanic patients experienced longer time to surgery for hip fracture, femur fracture, pelvic fracture, and cauda equina syndrome (P < 0.05 all).

Discussion:
The results of this study demonstrate that Medicaid-insured patients, and often minority patients, experience longer delays to surgery than privately insured and White patients. Future work should endeavor to identify causes of these disparities to promote creation of policies aimed at improving timely access to care for Medicaid-insured and minority patients.

Level of evidence:
III
Evaluating the Effect of Rotator Cuff Repair With Concomitant Distal Claviculectomy on 2 and 4 Year Reoperation Rates
Authors: Pearson Zachary C. , Agarwal Amil R. , Garcia Alex , Mikula Jacob , Rupp Marco-Christopher , Best Matthew J. , Srikumaran Uma 
Published: July 2024

Background:
The current literature has differing views on the efficacy of concomitant distal claviculectomy (DC) during rotator cuff repair (RCR) in preventing revision surgery. Our aim was to investigate the revision surgery rate between RCR with DC and RCR without DC.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using a national claims database. Patients undergoing open or arthroscopic primary RCR with or without concomitant DC were identified. The primary outcome was 4-year revision surgery rates. Univariate analysis was conducted using chi-square or Student t tests. Multivariable analysis was conducted using logistic regression, and an adjusted number needed to harm was calculated.

Results:
A total of 131,232 patients met inclusion criteria. After logistic regression, patients undergoing RCR with DC had higher odds of requiring a subsequent DC procedure [OR; 95% CI; P-value (1.49; 1.35-1.64; P < 0.001)] but lower odds of any revision surgery (0.87; 0.80-0.91; P < 0.001) within 4 years than those who underwent RCR without DC.

Conclusion:
Although associated with a lower rate of overall revision surgeries within 2 and 4 years of RCR, those who underwent RCR with DC were 85% more likely at 2 years and 49% more likely at 4 years to undergo revision surgery of the distal clavicle than those without concomitant DC.
Evolving Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Hip Fracture Outcomes: A Retrospective Comparison of Pre, Early, and Late Pandemic Timepoints
Authors: Case Trevor , Kricfalusi Mikayla , Ruckle David , Razzouk Jacob , Dahan Alden , Elsissy Joseph G. , Schneiderman Brian A. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Hospital systems were strained during the COVID-19 pandemic, and although previous studies have shown that surgical outcomes in healthy hip fracture patients were unaffected in the initial months of the pandemic, subsequent data are limited. This study examined the evolution of hip fracture care throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
A retrospective review (level III evidence) was done of surgically treated adult hip fractures at a Level 1 academic trauma center from January 2019 to September 2022, stratified into three groups: pre, early, and late pandemic. Continuous variables were evaluated with the Student t-test and one-way analysis of variance, categorical variables were evaluated with chi-squared, P < 0.05 considered significant.

Results:
Late pandemic patients remained in the hospital 30.1 hours longer than early pandemic patients and 35.7 hours longer than prepandemic patients (P = 0.03). High-energy fractures decreased in the early pandemic, then increased in late pandemic (P < 0.01). Early pandemic patients experienced more myocardial infarctions (P < 0.01). No significant differences in time to surgery, revision surgery, 90-day mortality, or other adverse events were noted.

Conclusion:
To our knowledge, this is the longest study evaluating hip fracture outcomes throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. These results are indicative of an overburdened regional health system less capable of facilitating patient disposition.