bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using machine learning methods to predict all-cause somatic hospitalizations in adults: A systematic review
Authors: Askar Mohsen , Tafavvoghi Masoud , Småbrekke Lars , Bongo Lars Ailo , Svendsen Kristian 
Published: August 2024

Aim
In this review, we investigated how Machine Learning (ML) was utilized to predict all-cause somatic hospital admissions and readmissions in adults.

Methods
We searched eight databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, ProQuest, OpenGrey, WorldCat, and MedNar) from their inception date to October 2023, and included records that predicted all-cause somatic hospital admissions and readmissions of adults using ML methodology. We used the CHARMS checklist for data extraction, PROBAST for bias and applicability assessment, and TRIPOD for reporting quality.

Results
We screened 7,543 studies of which 163 full-text records were read and 116 met the review inclusion criteria. Among these, 45 predicted admission, 70 predicted readmission, and one study predicted both. There was a substantial variety in the types of datasets, algorithms, features, data preprocessing steps, evaluation, and validation methods. The most used types of features were demographics, diagnoses, vital signs, and laboratory tests. Area Under the ROC curve (AUC) was the most used evaluation metric. Models trained using boosting tree-based algorithms often performed better compared to others. ML algorithms commonly outperformed traditional regression techniques. Sixteen studies used Natural language processing (NLP) of clinical notes for prediction, all studies yielded good results. The overall adherence to reporting quality was poor in the review studies. Only five percent of models were implemented in clinical practice. The most frequently inadequately addressed methodological aspects were: providing model interpretations on the individual patient level, full code availability, performing external validation, calibrating models, and handling class imbalance.

Conclusion
This review has identified considerable concerns regarding methodological issues and reporting quality in studies investigating ML to predict hospitalizations. To ensure the acceptability of these models in clinical settings, it is crucial to improve the quality of future studies.
Gastrointestinal Follicular Lymphoma of the Cecum Treated via Endoscopic Full-Thickness Resection
Authors: Mauro Anthony J. , Bell Phoenix D. , McGrath Kevin 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Gastrointestinal follicular lymphoma (GI-FL) is an uncommon non-Hodgkin lymphoma that affects the gastrointestinal tract. It typically occurs within the duodenum with the appearance of multiple nodules. Treatment options, depending on stage and grade of the tumor, include aggressive chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, surgical or endoscopic resection, or simply monitoring as focal disease may be indolent. We present a rare case of a GI-FL presenting as a solitary lesion within the cecum treated via endoscopic full-thickness resection using the Ovesco full-thickness resection device. This case demonstrates the effectiveness of endoscopic full-thickness resection in treating small GI-FL in the colon.
Study of post-nutrition dynamics hormone concentrations in metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese patients
Authors: Matveev G. A. , Vasilieva E. Yu. , Babenko A. Y. , Shlyakhto E. V. 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a pathology that highly contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Meanwhile, different obesity phenotypes have varying levels of risk, and the indication of early predictors that can help determine the likelihood of developing cardiometabolic disorders is an important task. Since obesity is characterized by excessive energy intake, hormones involved in energy homeostasis (leptin and other adipokines, ghrelin, incretins) can be considered as serious candidates for the role of such predictors. The profile of changes in their level in the post-­nutrition status testifies in favor of the development of resistance not only to insulin, but also to leptin, and to ghrelin, and, possibly, to incretins.AIM: This study aims to investigate the relationship between the dynamics of the level of hormones involved in energy homeostasis in a sample with a standard carbohydrate breakfast and metabolic health.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Metabolic parameters (including НОМА-IR and НОМА-B, lipid profile, glucose level, blood pressure) were assessed in 90 obese patients (BMI 37.31±4.83 kg/m2). Additionally, biomarkers such as adiponectin, CRP were measured. Levels of leptin, ghrelin, GLP1 and GIP were assessed before and 60 minutes after a standard carbohydrate breakfast. These hormone levels were classified depending on the nature of the changes, considering the physiological dynamics described in the literature in healthy people or not. Patients were divided into groups of metabolically healthy and ­metabolically unhealthy obesity, first using the most commonly known criteria (Meigs et al.), then based on the criteria discussed in the literature for perfectly healthy obesity, in which there are no metabolic disorders.RESULTS: The analysis revealed that patients without metabolic disorders had a ghrelin level profile similar to that in healthy people without obesity, while patients with at least one of the manifestations of the metabolic syndrome showed evidence of ghrelin resistance (the level of ghrelin on an empty stomach was reduced, and after food it was not adequately reduced). Adiponectin levels were normal in metabolically healthy patients. Incretin levels showed unidirectional changes in obesity, regardless of metabolic status. The level of CRP did not differ between the groups. The glycemic level was significantly lower in metabolically healthy patients (the group was characterized by normal insulin levels and had a lower degree of insulin resistance).CONCLUSION: The data obtained allow us to consider ghrelin resistance as an early and rather sensitive indicator of the development of metabolic disorders in obesity.
Congenital disorders of glucose metabolism in adults with nondiabetic hypoglycemia
Authors: Yukina M. Yu. , Troshina E. A. , Nuralieva N. F. , Popov S. V. , Mokrysheva N. G. 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Recent clinical descriptions have shown that in adult patients, the cause of nondiabetic hypoglycemia (NDH) may be various genetically determined disorders of glucose metabolism or insulin synthesis/bioavailability. In this connection, in adult patients with NDH of unclear genesis, it is important to conduct a genetic study in order to search for mutations in genes associated with congenital disorders of glucose metabolism (CDGM).AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of genetic testing to exclude CDGM in adult patients with idiopathic NDH.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on the analysis of the literature, a targeted panel has been developed, including 30 genes, mutations in which are associated with the following groups of diseases: 1) congenital hyperinsulinism (KCNJ11, ABCC8, GLUD1, HADH, UCP2, HNF4A, HNF1A, GCK, INSR, SLC16A1); 2) glycogen storage diseases (AGL); 3) other carbohydrate metabolism disorders (ALDOB, FBP1); 4) glycosylation defects (PMM2, ALG3, PGM1, MPI); 4) defects in fatty acid oxidation (ACADM, ETFA, ETFB, ETFDH, FLAD1, SLC25A32, SLC52A1, SLC52A2, SLC52A3); 5) disorders of ketone body metabolism (CPT1A, CPT2, HMGCL); 6) mitochondrial disorders (DLD). Twenty nine patients (n=29: with idiopathic NDH n=17 and with insulinoma n=12) aged 19 to 66 years underwent a genetic study using this custom panel.RESULTS: As a result of the examination 12 genetic variants (all heterozygous) were identified in 8 patients with idiopathic NDH (47%, 95% CI (23%; 72%)), at that two mutations were detected in three patients: in the genes AGL and HMGCL; ACADM and FLAD1, respectively; and one patient had three mutations: one mutation in the ETFA gene and two mutations in the ABCC8 gene. Frequencies of genetic variants: AGL — 18%, 95% CI (4%; 43%), ETFA — 12% (1%; 36%), HMGCL — 6% (0%; 29%), ALDOB — 6% (0%; 29%), CPT1A — 6% (0%; 29%), ABCC8 — 6% (0%; 29%), ACADM — 6% (0%; 29%), FLAD1 — 6% (0%; 29%). 5 genetic variants (all heterozygous) were identified in 5 patients with insulinoma (42%, 95% ДИ (15%; 72%)). Frequencies of genetic variants: ABCC8 — 17%, 95% CI (2%; 48%), HNF1A — 8% (0%; 38%), ETFDH — 8% (0%; 38%), MPI — 8% (0%; 38%). We did not include benign variants in this analysis. At the same time, clinically significant variants were identified only in one patient from the group with idiopathic NDH (6%, 95% CI (0%; 29%)) in the ABCC8 gene and in one patient from the group with insulinoma (8%, 95% CI (0%; 38%)) in the same gene congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI).CONCLUSION: A panel of 30 genes has been developed, variants of which are associated with a CDGM. The results of our study confirm the possibility of detecting CDGM in adulthood, in particular CHI, and indicate the need for genetic testing, primarily in patients with idiopathic NDH.
Joint involvement in patients with acromegaly: potential markers for early diagnosis
Authors: Perepelova M. A. , Lutsenko A. S. , Utkina M. V. , Tarbaeva N. V. , Przhiyalkovskaya E. G. 
Published: August 2024

Acromegaly is a rare neuroendocrine disease caused by excessive production of growth hormone (GH), which acts as a trigger for cartilage tissue destruction leading to joint damage.Patients with acromegaly, especially in the active stage, often complain of joint pain in various locations. Joint pain can be one of the first symptoms of the disease, the intensity of which worsens without proper treatment. Increased production of GH leads to configuration changes in the joints, which in turn trigger destructive processes typical of degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis. Despite successful treatment of acromegaly, joint-related issues can persist and significantly worsen the quality of life for patients. In this regard, the search for potential markers of early joint involvement in acromegaly is relevant for use in predicting the severity of arthropathy progression and monitoring this cohort of patients.This review provides a general overview of the effects of growth hormone on cartilage tissue, the characteristics of musculoskeletal pathology in patients with acromegaly and possible markers associated with early joint damage.
Corrigendum: Androgen insensitivity syndrome: preventive gonadectomy, "pros" and "cons" (Obesity and metabolism. 2024;21(1):85-91. doi: https://doi.org/10.14341/omet13024)
Authors: Starostina E. A. , Frolkova N. V. , Seidova S. M. , Przhiyalkovskaya E. G. , Platonova N. M. , Troshina E. A. 
Published: August 2024

A corrigendum on "Androgen insensitivity syndrome: preventive gonadectomy, "pros" and "cons"" (Obesity and metabolism by Еvgenia A. Starostina, Nadezhda V. Frolkova, Seidbike M. Seidova, Elena G. Przhiyalkovskaya, Nadezhda M. Platonova (2024). Obesity and metabolism. 2024;21(1):85-91. doi: https://doi.org/10.14341/omet13024On page 87 the sentence “In addition, testosterone preparations are used to treat infertility in patients with a mild form of STF [3]” was removed. Added paragraph “Birnbaum W et al. conducted a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, crossover study in three university medical centers and three specialized hospitals in Germany. In this study, patients aged 18-54 years with karyotype 46,XY, genetically confirmed CAIS, removed gonads, were treated with either estradiol drugs at a dose of 1.5 mg/day for 6 months, followed by a transition to testosterone 50 mg /day for 6 months (sequence A), or testosterone preparations 50 mg/day for 6 months, followed by a transition to estradiol 1.5 mg/day for 6 months (sequence B).In the study, testosterone was well tolerated and as safe as estrogen. The authors suggested that testosterone may be an ­alternative replacement therapy for CAIS, particularly for patients with reduced sexual function."A new source has been added in the reference list section under No. 30: “Birnbaum W, Marshall L, Werner R, et al. Oestrogen versus androgen in hormone-replacement therapy for complete androgen insensitivity syndrome: a multicentre, randomized, double-dummy, double-blind crossover trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2018;6(10):771-780. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(18)30197-9.”The authors regret the error. The original version of the article has been replaced.
Treatment of post-traumatic cognitive disorders and asthenia: results of an observational study
Authors: Kamchatnov P. R. , Tsarapkina O. Yu. , Malyukova N. G. , Miretskaya A. V. , Danshina E. F. , Skipetrova L. A. , Cheremin R. A. 
Published: August 2024

Post-traumatic cognitive impairment (CI) and asthenia are common, disabling and often obligatory manifestations of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The search for effective drugs against CI and asthenia after TBI is of great importance. Objective: to investigate the efficacy and safety of Prospekta in the treatment of post-traumatic CI and asthenia in real-life clinical practice. Material and methods. The observational study involved 50 patients of both sexes aged 21–45 years (mean age 41.5 ± 5.9 years) with complaints of CI and fatigue after TBI received within the last 2 years, who were prescribed 1 tablet of Prospekta twice daily for 4 weeks. Cognitive functions, particularly the speed of attention switching, were assessed using the Schulte table method, visual-motor abilities were assessed using the Trail Making Test (TMT). Asthenic syndrome was assessed using the subjective asthenia rating scale (Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, MFI-20). At the end of treatment, the safety of therapy and TBI outcomes were assessed using Dobrokhotova's differentiated TBI outcomes scale. Results. The average time to complete the Schulte table technique after 4 weeks of therapy with Prospekta decreased by 16.2 seconds, part A of the TMT – by 6.6 seconds and part B – by 19.8 seconds (p < 0.0001). The average score on the MFI-20 scale decreased by an average of 8 points after 4 weeks of therapy (p < 0.0001), which was mainly due to an increase in motivation (by 22 %), activity (by 16 %) and a decrease in emotional lability (by 20 %). The average score on Dobrokhotova's differentiated TBI outcome scale at the end of therapy was 3.2 ± 1.2 (mild/moderate asthenia). Treatment with Prospekta halved the number of patients with clinically significant mental asthenia, reduced motivation and reduced activity after TBI. No adverse events were recorded. Conclusion. The drug Prospekta can be recommended for monotherapy in patients with TBI to improve cognitive function and reduce asthenic syndrome in real-life clinical practice, contributing to the improvement of quality of life and functional activity of the injured individuals.
Гибридный численно-аналитический метод решения задач переноса ионов соли в мембранных системах с осевой симметрией
Authors: Kazakovtseva Ekaterina V. , Kovalenko Anna Vladimirovna , Pismenskiy Alexander V. , Urtenov Mahamed Ali Huseevich 
Published: August 2024

Целью работы является разработка нового гибридного численно-аналитического метода решения краевых задач с осевой симметрией, например, с вращающимся мембранным диском, основанного на сращивании асимптотического решения вблизи катионнообменной мембраны (КОМ) с численным решением в оставшейся части области. Для это используется следующий метод:
1)	предлагается базовая математическая модель переноса ионов соли в электрохимической ячейке с вращающимся катионнообменным мембранным диском на основе общих законов сохранения, представленных уравнениями Нернста-Планка-Пуассона и Навье-Стокса с естественными граничными и начальными условиями. Эта модель не содержит никаких подгоночных параметров или упрощающих предположений. Однако численное решение соответствующей краевой задачи представляет собой значительные вычислительные сложности при реальных концентрациях раствора и больших скачках потенциала и угловой скорости вращения мембранного диска, связанные с большими градиентами концентрации и потенциала вблизи КОМ в квазиравновесной области пространственного заряда (ОПЗ);
2)	область решения разбивается на две части, одна из которых представляет собой небольшую область возрастания катионов (ОВК), расположенную вблизи КОМ, и оставшуюся основную часть области (ОЧО);
3)	в ОВК находится аналитическое решение методом сращивания асимптотических решений;
4)	в ОЧО строится упрощенная математическая модель, которая отличается от базовой математической модели таким граничным условием на границе с ОВК, которое позволяет затем произвести сращивание решения соответствующей краевой задачи с решением в ОВК.
Основным результатом является гибридный численно-аналитический метод, дает возможность проводить численный анализ переноса ионов соли при реальных концентрациях раствора электролита бинарной соли при широком диапазоне изменения скачка потенциала и угловой скорости вращения мембранного диска.
По результатам работы можно сделать следующий вывод: сочетание аналитического (асимптотического) метода решения в области погранслоя и численного решения в остальной области, за исключением погранслоя, с их последующим сращиванием позволяет построить эффективный гибридный численно-аналитический метод решения задач переноса ионов соли в мембранных системах с осевой симметрией.
Highly efficient oil–water separation using superhydrophobic cellulose aerogels derived from corn straw
Authors: Chen Li , Zhang Gengyuan , Xu Baofeng , Guo Jianwei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Cellulose-based aerogels have become promising adsorbents for organic pollutants and spilled oil due to their high selectivity and excellent sorption capacity. However, the high costs of preparation limit their practicality. In this study, cellulose fibers were fabricated from corn straw via simple alkaline pulping and bleaching. A cellulose aerogel (CA) was then prepared by the freeze-drying method with polyvinyl alcohol as the binder. After treatment with methyltrimethoxysilane by facile chemical vapor deposition, a modified cellulose aerogel (MCA) with water contact angles up to 154.8° was obtained, which exhibited superhydrophobicity. Importantly, the MCA has both high porosity (98.35–98.94%) and low density (16.33–23.95 mg·cm−3). In addition, the MCA can separate oil–water mixtures by gravity filtration with separation efficiency up to 97.3% and flux as high as 9827 L·m−2·h−1. This conversion of agricultural wastes into an efficient and high value-added adsorbing material is a promising development in the field of oil–water separation that offers a green and efficient strategy to combat the leakage of organic solvents and oil into the environment.
Investigation of Dimensional and Shape Changes in Combined Surface Layer Heat Treatments of Gear Components Made of EN31CrMoV9 and EN42CrMo4
Authors: Hoja S. , Guba N. , Haupt N. , Surm H. , Hüsemann T. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Surface heat treatments such as case hardening, nitriding and surface hardening are often used to improve the performance properties of gear components. Due to limitations in the individual processes, e. g., with regard to the distortion that occurs, the achievable hardening depth or surface hardness, combinations of several processes are important in order to achieve better process efficiency and component properties. The present investigations focus on dimensional and shape changes in the combination of nitriding and induction hardening on samples and gears made of the materials EN31CrMoV9 and EN42CrMo4, measured before and after the heat treatments.
For the gears examined, comparable dimensional and shape changes were determined after the combination treatment as for induction hardening alone, which overall resulted in larger geometric changes than nitriding. Due to the dimensional and shape deviations of the geometric features, reworking by means of gear grinding is advisable in certain cases.
Enhanced Tribological Properties of Nanolubricants with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Additives
Authors: Demirkol Metehan , Küçükyıldırım Bedri Onur 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study aims to achieve novel tribological properties by utilizing industrial-type multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as lubrication additives in 20W-50 engine oil, in parts per million (ppm). Nanolubricants consisting of various amounts of MWCNTs were prepared and subjected to ball-on-disk tests to observe tribological characteristics. For ball-on-disk tests, friction coefficient data were obtained during testing, whereas wear characteristics were achieved from test samples through imaging and processing methods. Spectroscopic analyses were done to collect additional data about the existence of MWCNTs on the friction surfaces. The data acquired were analyzed according to theoretical bases. It has been found that the best results as antiwear properties are obtained at 600-ppm MWCNT addition by a wear decrease of 81.02 % and decreased severity of wear tracks, where antifriction characteristics were found to be enhanced at 200 ppm by a friction coefficient decrease of 8.07 %. However, 600-ppm MWCNT addition also constitutes a limit value whereby further addition can cause an increase in the wear of friction pairs. It has been shown that MWCNTs can enhance antifriction and antiwear properties even in ppm-level amounts, which can be considered as lower amounts of nanoadditives when compared to the literature and can present economically suitable lubrication solutions.
Review of Identification Methods for Early-Stage Cracking in Solids
Authors: Jia Yu , Wang Yukun , Tang Lei , Wang Chengqiang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Cracking is a predominant factor in engineering accidents, often leading to catastrophic failures. The evolutionary process of cracks in materials starts at the microscopic level, expands at the mesoscale, and culminates in failure at the macroscale. Early detecting cracks and monitoring of crack development are crucial for interrupting the sequence of risk propagation and preventing structural accidents. The detection and growth tracking of cracks, both in laboratories and in engineering structures, have garnered extensive research attention. This study provides a systematic review of identification methods for early-stage cracking in solids, encompassing technologies for detecting opening cracks and monitoring their progression. It details the principles and applicable materials of these methods, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of identifying microcracks or tracking their growth in various materials. In conclusion, the article summarizes microcrack identification methods and outlines future research directions in three key areas: large-area, visual, and intelligent identification capabilities. This review offers valuable insights into the integration of multiple technologies, facilitating efficient identification of microcracks in situ and in laboratory settings.