bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A framework for the seismic assessment of existing masonry buildings accounting for different sources of uncertainty
Authors: Rota M. , Penna A. , Magenes G. 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYThe current formulation of Eurocode 8 Part 3 and the Italian building code for the seismic assessment of existing buildings accounts for epistemic (knowledge‐based) uncertainties by means of the identification of knowledge levels with associated values of the so‐called confidence factors, applied only as a reduction of material strengths. This formulation does not always produce consistent results and it does not explicitly account for other sources of uncertainty. The paper proposes a probabilistic methodology for the quantification of appropriately defined factors, allowing consideration of the different sources of uncertainty involved in the seismic assessment of masonry buildings by means of nonlinear static analyses. This simple approach, also including an alternative formulation of the confidence factors related with material properties, allows to obtain results which are consistent with the acquired level of knowledge and correctly account for the different sources of uncertainty without requiring to carry out any stochastic nonlinear analysis. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prevalence and Severity of Categorical and Dimensional Personality Disorders in Adolescents with Eating Disorders
Authors: Magallón‐Neri Ernesto , González Esther , Canalda Gloria , Forns Maria , De La Fuente J. Eugenio , Martínez Estebán , García Raquel , Lara Anais , Vallès Antoni , Castro‐Fornieles Josefina 
Published: November 2013

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study is to explore and compare the prevalence of categorical and dimensional personality disorders (PDs) and their severity in Spanish adolescents with Eating Disorders (EDs).MethodDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision‐10 modules of the International Personality Disorder Examination were administered to a sample of 100 female adolescents with EDs (mean age = 15.8 years, SD = 0.9).ResultsThirty‐three per cent of the sample had at least one PD, in most cases a simple PD. The rate of PDs was 64–28% in anorexia and 25% in EDs not otherwise specified. The highest dimensional scores were observed in bulimia, mainly in borderline and histrionic PDs, and higher scores for anankastic PD in anorexia than in the other ED diagnoses. Overall, purging type EDs had higher cluster B personality pathology scores than restrictive type.DiscussionAdolescent female patients with ED have a risk of presenting a comorbid PD, especially patients with bulimia and purging type EDs. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Assessment of a discontinuous Galerkin method for the simulation of vortical flows at high Reynolds number
Authors: Carton de Wiart C. , Hillewaert K. , Duponcheel M. , Winckelmans G. 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYThis paper focuses on the assessment of a discontinuous Galerkin method for the simulation of vortical flows at high Reynolds number. The Taylor–Green vortex at Re = 1600 is considered. The results are compared with those obtained using a pseudo‐spectral solver, converged on a 5123 grid and taken as the reference. The temporal evolution of the dissipation rate, visualisations of the vortical structures and the kinetic energy spectrum at the instant of maximal dissipation are compared to assess the results. At an effective resolution of 2883, the fourth‐order accurate discontinuous Galerkin method (DGM) solution (p = 3) is already very close to the pseudo‐spectral reference; the error on the dissipation rate is then essentially less than a percent, and the vorticity contours at times around the dissipation peak overlap everywhere. At a resolution of 3843, the solutions are indistinguishable. Then, an order convergence study is performed on the slightly under‐resolved grid (resolution of 1923). From the fourth order, the decrease of the error is no longer significant when going to a higher order. The fourth‐order DGM is also compared with an energy conserving fourth‐order finite difference method (FD4). The results show that, for the same number of DOF and the same order of accuracy, the errors of the DGM computation are significantly smaller. In particular, it takes 7683 DOF to converge the FD4 solution. Finally, the method is also successfully applied on unstructured high quality meshes. It is found that the dissipation rate captured is not significantly impacted by the element type. However, the element type impacts the energy spectrum in the large wavenumber range and thus the small vortical structures. In particular, at the same resolution, the results obtained using a tetrahedral mesh are much noisier than those obtained using a hexahedral mesh. Those obtained using a prismatic mesh are already much better, yet still slightly noisier. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Impact of the Macroeconomy on Health Insurance Coverage: Evidence from the Great Recession
Authors: Cawley John , Moriya Asako S. , Simon Kosali 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of the macroeconomy on the health insurance coverage of Americans using panel data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation for 2004–2010, a period that includes the Great Recession of 2007–2009. We find that a one percentage point increase in the state unemployment rate is associated with a 1.67 percentage point (2.12%) reduction in the probability that men have health insurance; this effect is strongest among college‐educated, white, and older (50–64 years old) men. For women and children, health insurance coverage is not significantly correlated with the unemployment rate, which may be the result of public health insurance acting as a social safety net. Compared with the previous recession, the health insurance coverage of men is more sensitive to the unemployment rate, which may be due to the nature of the Great Recession. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Association of splenic MR elastographic findings with gastroesophageal varices in patients with chronic liver disease
Authors: Morisaka Hiroyuki , Motosugi Utaroh , Ichikawa Shintaro , Sano Katsuhiro , Ichikawa Tomoaki , Enomoto Nobuyuki 
Published: November 2013

PurposeTo identify magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐based parameters associated with gastroesophageal varices (GEVs) in patients with chronic liver disease.Materials and MethodsNinety‐three patients were divided into three groups based on endoscopic findings: group 1 with no GEVs (n = 49), group 2 with mild GEVs (n = 30), and group 3 with severe GEVs (n = 14). We used a multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess liver stiffness, aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet ratio index, spleen stiffness and volume, portal vein velocity, cross‐sectional area, and flow volumes potential independent associators of any (mild and severe) GEVs or severe GEVs.ResultsThe analysis showed that spleen and liver stiffness and spleen volume were independently associated with any GEVs (spleen stiffness, odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 1.25 [1.04–1.68], P = 0.018; liver stiffness, 1.52 [1.13–2.17], P = 0.006; spleen volume, 1.01 [1.00–1.01], P = 0.016), whereas spleen stiffness was associated with severe GEVs (1.82 [1.25–2.95]; P = 0.005).Conclusion:Liver and spleen stiffness and spleen volume are associated with GEVs in patients with chronic liver disease. Compared with liver stiffness and spleen volume, spleen stiffness is more strongly associated with severe GEVs. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:117–124. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Constructing Customer‐based Museums Brand Equity Model: The Mediating Role of Brand Value
Authors: Liu Chyong‐Ru , Liu Han‐Kuei , Lin Wei‐Rong 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAlthough brand management is increasingly important to a museum manager, the existing literature on brand equity within the museum industry is sparse. This study aims to propose a museum brand equity model from the customer's perspective and to examine the mediate roles of brand value. A survey was undertaken of visitors to the National Museum of Natural Sciences in Taiwan, resulting in 367 valid responses. The results of this study provided support for the majority of the hypothesized relationships. Specifically, brand value played a full mediate role in the model. Implications and suggestions for future research are also discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The combination of anatomy and physiology in predicting the outcomes of velopharyngeal surgery
Authors: Zhang Junbo , Li Yanru , Cao Xin , Xian Junfang , Tan Junlong , Dong Jiajia , Ye Jingying 
Published: November 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo explore whether the variables resulting from anatomical and physiological examinations can be combined to predict the outcomes of velopharyngeal surgery for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Study DesignProspective design with a retrospective review.MethodsA total of 119 patients with OSA received velopharyngeal surgery, including revised uvulopalatopharyngoplasty with uvula preservation and transpalatal advancement pharyngoplasty. The preoperative examinations of these patients, including polysomnography (PSG), physical examination, and three‐dimensional computer tomography (3‐D CT), were obtained for analysis.ResultsThe overall success rate was 62.2%. Three factors were found to be predictive in treatment outcomes (P < 0.05). These were tonsil size, the percentage of time with oxygen saturation below 90% (CT90), and the vertical distance between the lower edge of the mandible and the lower edge of the hyoid (MH). After changing CT90 and MH into level variables, another regression analysis was performed and the result suggested that all three level variables could be included. A scoring system was then created based on these three variables and their odds ratio values. The total scores of all patients were calculated by the following equation: Total score = 2.7 tonsil size (score) + 2.2 CT90 (score) + 1.6 MH (score). The differences in success rates among patients with total scores of < 14, 14 to 17, 17 to 22, and ≥ 22 were all significant (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe anatomy of the pharynx and the physiology of OSA are both important in deciding outcomes of velopharyngeal surgery. Variables that could represent these two aspects can be combined to better guide patient selections.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 124:1718–1723, 2014
Genistein inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration by reversing the epithelial–mesenchymal transition: Partial mediation by the transcription factor NFAT1
Authors: Dai Weiqi , Wang Fan , He Lei , Lin Chunlei , Wu Shumei , Chen Ping , Zhang Yan , Shen Miao , Wu Dong , Wang Chengfen , Lu Jie , Zhou Yingqun , Xu Xuanfu , Xu Ling , Guo Chuanyong 
Published: November 2013

AbstractTo investigate the effects and mechanism of genistein on hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell counting kit‐8 assays showed that genistein at 3, 6, and 9 µM had no significant cytotoxic effects on HepG2, SMMC‐7721, and Bel‐7402 cells. Cell scratch and Transwell assays identified that genistein inhibited migration of three cell lines. In three cell lines, genistein enhanced E‐cadherin and α‐catenin, but reduced N‐cadherin and Vimentin at both mRNA and protein levels in a dose‐dependent manner. Simultaneously, treatment with genistein suppressed epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by TGF‐β. In HepG2 cells, genistein reduced mRNA, and protein expressions of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFAT1), Abca3, Autotaxin, CD154, and Cox‐2. Phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) and ionomycin enhanced activity of NFAT1, reduced E‐cadherin and α‐catenin protein levels, and increased protein levels of N‐cadherin and Vimentin. Transwell demonstrated that PMA and ionomycin reversed the migration inhibitory effects of genistein on HepG2 cells. In vivo, genistein inhibited the intrahepatic metastasis by reversing the EMT, which was correlated with reduced NFAT1. Genistein inhibited hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration by reversing the EMT, which was partly mediated by NFAT1. The fact that EMT can be reversed by genistein may shed light on the possible mechanisms for its role in liver cancer therapy. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Classification of lesion area in stroke patients during the subacute phase: A multiparametric MRI study
Authors: Artzi Moran , Aizenstein Orna , Jonas‐Kimchi Tali , Bornstein Natan , Shopin Ludmila , Hallevi Hen , Ben Bashat Dafna ,   on behalf of the STIR and VISTA Imaging collaborators
Published: November 2013

PurposeStroke imaging studies during the acute phase are likely to precede several vascular brain mechanisms, which have an important role in patient outcome. The aim of this study was to identify within the lesion area during the subacute phase (≥1 day) reactive tissue, which may have the potential for recovery.MethodsTwenty seven stroke patients from two cohorts were included. MRI performed during the subacute phase included conventional, perfusion and diffusion imaging. In cohort I, unsupervised multiparametric classification of the lesion area was performed. In cohort II threshold based classification was performed during the subacute phase, and radiological outcome was assessed at follow‐up scan.ResultsThree tissue classes were identified in cohort I, referred to as irreversibly damaged, intermediary, and reactive tissue. Based on threshold values defined in cohort I, the reactive tissue was identified in 11/13 patients in cohort II, and showed tissue preservation/partial recovery in 9/11 patients at follow‐up scan. The irreversibly damaged tissue was identified in 7/13 patients in cohort II, and predicted tissue necrosis in all cases.ConclusionIdentification of reactive tissue following stroke during the subacute phase can improve radiological assessment, contribute to the understanding of brain recovery processes and has implications for new therapeutic approaches. Magn Reson Med 72:1381–1388, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical outcome of childhood lymphoblastic lymphoma in Shanghai China 2001–2010
Authors: Gao Yi‐Jin , Pan Ci , Tang Jing‐Yan , Lu Feng‐Juan , Chen Jing , Xue Hui‐Liang , Zhai Xiao‐Wen , Li Jun , Ye Qi‐Dong , Zhou Min , Wang Hong‐Sheng , Miao Hui , Qian Xiao‐Wen , Xu Zhou , Meng Jian‐Hua 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundThis retrospective cohort study analysed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with childhood lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) treated in Shanghai, China.ProcedureFrom 2001 to 2010, 108 evaluable patients ≤16 years of age who were newly diagnosed with biopsy‐proven LBL were treated with one of three treatment protocols: CCCG‐99, SCMC‐T‐NHL‐2002, or LBL‐CHOF‐2006.ResultsTwo patients had Stage I disease, 5 had Stage II, 55 had Stage III, and 46 had Stage IV. The immunophenotype was T‐cell LBL in 92 patients (85.2%) and precursor B‐cell LBL in 16 (14.8%). The abandonment rate was 11.5%. Twenty‐five patients (23.2%) suffered from resistant disease, including 1 with isolated central nervous system (CNS) relapse. At a median follow‐up of 40.4 months (range, 0–114 months), the 5‐year probability of event‐free survival (pEFS) was 63.9 ± 4.6% in all patients. The 5‐year pEFS for patients with pB‐LBL was better than for patients with T‐LBL (100% vs. 61.3 ± 5.1%, P = 0.007). Patients who had achieved complete remission on day 33 of induction had significantly better pEFS than those who had not (78.8 ± 4.6% vs. 28.2 ± 9.0%, P = 0.000). Three of 25 patients who experienced resistant disease were alive at the end of the study period.ConclusionsThe abandonment rate was lower for patients with LBL than for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Prophylactic cranial radiation can be omitted for patients with LBL even when advanced‐stage disease is present, as intensive systemic chemotherapy with intrathecal therapy is sufficient to prevent CNS relapse. The survival of patients with resistant disease was very poor. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:659–663. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of chemoreduction for conservative therapy for retinoblastoma in Argentina
Authors: Chantada Guillermo L. , Fandiño Adriana C. , Schvartzman Enrique , Raslawski Elsa , Schaiquevich Paula , Manzitti Julio 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundFew studies were reported from developing countries regarding patient outcome and ocular survival in children with bilateral retinoblastoma treated with chemoreduction compared to external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).ProcedureWe undertook a retrospective study of three treatment eras: (1) (1988–1995) n = 68 when EBRT was used as primary conservative therapy; (2) (1995–2003) n = 46 when carboplatin‐based systemic chemoreduction was introduced and (3) (2003–2009) (n = 83) when additional periocular chemotherapy was added for advanced tumors and pre‐enucleation chemotherapy was given for those with massive buphthalmia.ResultsThe probability of 5‐year disease‐free survival was 0.94 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91–0.98%) without significant differences among the three eras. Chemoreduction reduced the use of EBRT from 84.6% to 68.7% in eras 1 and 3, respectively (P = 0.008), which was more evident in cases with less advanced disease. Chemoreduction also significantly improved the 5‐year probability of preservation of eyes with advanced disease from 0.13 (95% CI 0.04–0.27) during era 1 to 0.49 (95% CI 0.34–0.62) in era 3 (P < 0.0001). Chemoreduction was not associated with changes in the probability of extraocular relapse, which was reduced after the introduction of pre‐enucleation chemotherapy. Second malignancies occurred in nine cases, acute myeloid leukemia being the most fatal one. Trilateral retinoblastoma occurred in three cases and all of them had been exposed to chemotherapy.ConclusionsChemoreduction reduced the need for EBRT in eyes with less advanced disease and improved the preservation of eyes with advanced disease while its effects on secondary malignancies or trilateral disease remain unclear. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:821–826. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Vitamin D receptor agonist EB1089 is a potent regulator of prostatic “intracrine” metabolism
Authors: Doherty Declan , Dvorkin Scarlett Anne , Rodriguez Edna Patricia , Thompson Paul Daniel 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDA contributing factor to the emergence of castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is the ability of the tumor to circumvent low circulating levels of testosterone during androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), through the production of “intracrine” tumoral androgens from precursors including cholesterol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). As these processes promote AR signaling and prostate cancer progression their modulation is required for disease prevention and treatment.METHODSWe evaluated the involvement of the vitamin D receptor ligand EB1089 in the regulation of genes with a role in androgen metabolism using the androgen dependent cell lines LNCaP and LAPC‐4. EB1089 regulation of androgen metabolism was assessed using QRT‐PCR, luciferase promoter assays, western blotting, enzyme activity assays, and LC–MS analyses.RESULTSEB1089 induced significant expression of genes involved in androgen metabolism in prostate cancer cells. Real‐Time PCR analysis revealed that VDR mediated significant regulation of CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP3A43, AKR1C1‐3, UGT2B15/17, and HSD17B2. Data revealed potent regulation of CYP3A4 at the level of mRNA, protein expression and enzymatic activity, with VDR identified as the predominant regulator. Inhibition of CYP3A activity using the specific inhibitor ritonavir resulted in alleviation of the anti‐proliferative response of VDR ligands in prostate cancer cells. Mass spectrometry revealed that overexpression of CYP3A protein in prostate cancer cells resulted in a significant increase in the oxidative inactivation of testosterone and DHEA to their 6‐β‐hydroxy‐testosterone and 16‐α‐hydroxy‐DHEA metabolites, respectively.CONCLUSIONSThese data highlight a potential application of VDR‐based therapies for the reduction of growth‐promoting androgens within the tumor micro‐environment. Prostate 74:273–285, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A mutation (L1014F) in the voltage‐gated sodium channel of the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae, is associated with resistance to pyrethroid insecticides
Authors: Foster Stephen P , Paul Verity L , Slater Russell , Warren Anne , Denholm Ian , Field Linda M , Williamson Martin S 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe grain aphid, Sitobion avenae Fabricius (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is an important pest of cereal crops. Pesticides are the main method for control but carry the risk of selecting for resistance. In response to reports of reduced efficacy of pyrethroid sprays applied to S. avenae, field samples were collected and screened for mutations in the voltage‐gated sodium channel, the primary target site for pyrethroids. Aphid mobility and mortality to lambda‐cyhalothrin were measured in coated glass vial bioassays.RESULTSA single amino acid substitution (L1014F) was identified in the domain IIS6 segment of the sodium channel from the S. avenae samples exhibiting reduced pyrethroid efficacy. Bioassays on aphids heterozygous for the kdr mutation (SR) or homozygous for the wild‐type allele (SS) showed that those carrying the mutation had significantly lower susceptibility to lambda‐cyhalothrin.CONCLUSIONThe L1014F (kdr) mutation, known to confer pyrethroid resistance in many insect pests, has been identified for the first time in S. avenae. Clonal lines heterozygous for the mutation showed 35–40‐fold resistance to lambda‐cyhalothrin in laboratory bioassays, consistent with the reported effect of this mutation on pyrethroid sensitivity in other aphid species. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
An energy‐efficient and security aware route selection protocol for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Hayajneh Thaier , Doomun Razvi , Al‐Mashaqbeh Ghada , Mohd Bassam J 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTIn wireless sensor networks (WSNs), sensor devices have limited supply of energy. The sensor death due to dissipating battery energy is one of the fundamental design issues in WSNs. Hence, energy efficiency is argued to be the most important requirement for any protocol designed for WSNs. With sensors acting as routers to transport the packets from a source to a destination sensor, multipath protocols are used to discover multiple paths with the objective to improve the reliability, efficiency, and security in WSNs. Selecting the path that minimizes the rate of sensors death and extends the lifetime of the network is the main challenge for multipath protocols. In this paper, we propose a new energy and security aware route selection (ESARS) protocol for WSNs. The first part of ESARS selects a route that maximizes the network lifetime based on a novel metric. The second part of ESARS finds the optimal security level for the selected path based on the estimated security risk of the path. Traditionally, these two parts are addressed separately in the literature, and this paper combines the two parts in one protocol. The proposed protocol is evaluated and compared with other protocols using both analytical analysis and extensive simulations. The results show that the proposed protocol not only achieves its main objective to extend the network lifetime by significantly reducing the sensors death rate but also uses the most optimal security level for the selected route. Moreover, in ESARS protocol, several threshold parameters were employed to provide flexibility per the needs of the application in which the sensors are used. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.