bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Camelidae on the BOAT: observation of a second spectral component in GRB 221009A
Authors: Banerjee Biswajit , Macera Samanta , De Santis Alessio , Mei Alessio , Tissino Jacopo , Oganesyan Gor , Frederiks Dmitry , Lysenko Alexandra , Svinkin Dmitry , Tsvetkova Anastasia , Branchesi Marica 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Observing and understanding the origin of the very-high-energy (VHE) spectral component in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) has been challenging because of the lack of sensitivity in MeV-GeV observations, so far. The majestic GRB 221009A, known as the brightest of all times (BOAT), offers a unique opportunity to identify spectral components during the prompt and early afterglow phases and probe their origin. Analyzing simultaneous observations spanning from keV to TeV energies, we identified two distinct spectral components during the initial 20 minutes of the burst. The second spectral component peaks between 10 − 300 GeV, and the bolometric fluence (10 MeV-10 TeV) is estimated to be greater than 2×10−3 erg/ cm2. Performing broad-band spectral modeling, we provide constraints on the magnetic field and the energies of electrons accelerated in the external relativistic shock. We interpret the VHE component as an afterglow emission that is affected by luminous prompt MeV radiation at early times.
The 3D trabecular and cortical architecture of the lumbar spine using CT- osteoabsorptiometry and micro-CT
Authors: Poilliot Amélie , Deyhle Hans , Scholz Georg , Gay-Dujak Max , Müller-Gerbl Magdalena 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Computed tomography osteoabsorptiometry (CT-OAM) and micro-computed tomography (µCT) assess bone mineralization of the subchondral endplates and trabecular microstructure. In the lumbar spine, both bone types were analyzed and the results were correlated to understand their relationship in response to bone functional adaptation.
Methods
Using CT scans of 25 lumbar vertebrae, bone mineralization density of the superior (SEP) and inferior (IEP) endplates in six defined regions (left, central and right, at ventral and dorsal aspects) were examined for CT-OAM. For µCT, these regions were 3-dimensionally scanned and subdivided into six volumes of interest (VOI): the cranial and caudal 0–10%, 10–15%, and 25–50%. Five parameters evaluating trabecular architecture were assessed: bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N), connectivity density (Conn.D), structure model index (SMI) and degree of anisotropy (DA).
Results
Across all lumbar segments, higher bone mineralization (p < 0.01) is seen in the IEP (463 ± 131 HU) than the SEP (384 ± 109 HU). The highest density is lateral in the dorsal side regions (SEP: 430 ± 86 HU, IEP: 574 ± 116 HU). BV/TV, Conn D. and Tb. N. revealed higher values in the endplate-adjacent regions than in the core. Cortical vs trabecular correlations (p < 0.05) were found between the mean Hounsfield Units (HU) of the SEP and the BV/TV (r = 0.36) values of the adjacent cranial 0–10% trabecular layer. Correlations (p < 0.01) were found between the mean IEP HU and the BV/TV (r = 0.56), Tb.N (r = 0.54), Conn D. (r = 0.45), SMI (r=-0.63) and DA (r=-0.50) values of the neighboring caudal 10 − 0% layer.
Conclusions
The IEP has the highest mineralization located dorsally and is accompanied with thicker, denser trabecular architecture. The process of bone functional adaptation occurs on the cortical but also influences the underlying trabecular bone. CT-OAM can be used to predict microstructural adaptation within the vertebral trabecular core.
A qualitative study to inform vocational rehabilitation for people living with long COVID
Authors: Parkin Amy , Rayner Clare , Wood Conor , De Kock Hannes , Ceolta-Smith Jenny , Evans Sophie , Tucker-Bell Ian , Winch Darren , Connor Rory O 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Long COVID (LC) often impacts on the ability of those affected to meet the demands of a work role, known as reduced work ability. This can have significant consequences on work and financial security.
Methods
A qualitative study of individual interviews with people living with LC (PwLC), health-care professionals and key informants (from occupational health, human resources, and managerial positions) was completed in late 2022, as part of a larger consortium study on long COVID assessment and treatment.
Results
Thirty-four people participated in the study. PwLC described wanting to resume working roles despite various obstacles to return to work (RTW) and staying at work (SAW). The most significant obstacles involved making the decision when to return to work, and where there was the greatest disparity between the demands of a work role and LC symptoms, having a pressured work environment to return to, and an unexpected adverse impact of returning to work on health, wellbeing and symptom management. Returning to work was regarded as a positive step in recovery by most of the participants, although this was highly dependent on getting supportive RTW plans in place with accommodations that accommodate the fluctuating nature of LC, work tasks and working hours. Further training and resources around work and LC were identified as needed for PwLC, employers and healthcare professionals (HCPs) delivering vocational rehabilitation interventions.
Conclusion
Further practical support is required to help employers and HCPs plan supportive RTW plans with PwLC that are caring, sustainable and keep people in work safely without exacerbation of symptoms. Using the interview findings, a LC-specific vocational rehabilitation intervention was developed to aid decision making around when to return to work and good practice for accommodations and formulating a RTW plan.
Use of supervised and unsupervised approaches to make zonal application maps for variable-rate application of crop growth regulators in commercial cotton fields
Authors: Andrea Maria Carolina da Silva , de Oliveira Cristiano Ferreira , Mota Fabrícia Conceição Menez , Santos Rafael Carlos dos , Junior Edilson Freire Rodrigues , Bianchi Lucas Monteiro , Oliveira Rodrigo Souza , de Gouveia Caio Marchiorato , Barbosa Victor Gabriel Souza , Silva Marco Antônio Bispo e 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Zonal application maps aim to represent field variability by means of variables of interest that can further be translated into management practices. Zonal application maps for crop growth regulators in cotton under variable-rate strategies are commonly based exclusively on vegetation index variability. However, saturation by vegetation indexes cannot be avoided by multispectral imagery and dense crop vegetation areas. The objective of this study was to compare zonal application maps for crop growth regulator application under variable-rate conditions via two approaches: (i) relying on field-measured crop height and (ii) not relying on field-measured crop height. During the agricultural season, we developed zonal application maps using an unsupervised framework, representing local variability based on field-collected data, satellite imagery data, soil texture and phenology. Posteriorly, using data from 3 agricultural seasons, we developed a supervised framework to predict plant height by using a machine learning algorithm based on remote sensing and phenology data to test the development of the same maps without field data on plant height.
Results
The results indicated good performance of the machine learning model for predicting plant height, but these predictions presented much lower variability than that found in field conditions. Ultimately, the predictions went through the same unsupervised process to construct maps, but without requiring field-measured data. We tested both approaches in three fields on two different dates each. Fields with intense textural variability provided the highest compatibility between the maps of both approaches. Conversely, the lowest compatibility was found in fields with lower soil textural variation.
Conclusion
There is potential for the use of predictive modelling to assist in the construction of zonal application maps, but the adherence to real patterns of crop growth variability found in the field is highly variable and must be assessed on a case-by-case basis.
Cytoreductive Surgery combined with Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy and Intraoperative Radiation Therapy in the Management of Gastric Cancer: A 10-Year Single Center Experience
Authors: Alaswad Marwan , Arabi Tarek Z. , Alshahrani Asma S. , Sabbah Belal N. , Jaamour Heba W. , AlOtry Abdullah A. , Saleh Tariq W. , Alhosainy Ziad H. , Elkordy Fadwa H. , Elnegali Aya I. , Tlayjeh Mohamed H. , Kseibi Firas E. , Azzam Ayman Z. , Amin Tarek M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The rationale behind the use of HIPEC involves targeted elimination of microscopic peritoneal metastasis, a common route for GCa dissemination, thereby improving the overall survival and reducing recurrences. Moreover, the reasoning behind the use of IORT is enhanced loco-regional control and, therefore, reducing recurrence rates.
Methods
From February 2013 to June 2023, all GCa patients who underwent HIPEC plus IORT during surgery were included in this study. Median overall survival (OS) and disease-free (DFS) survival were used to evaluate the efficacy of this treatment strategy amongst GCa patients, along with the rate of occurrence and severity of post-operative complications associated with this treatment strategy.
Results
The median OS and DFS were 63 and 87 months, respectively. More than one-third of the patients in our cohort did not develop any post-operative complications. In patients who developed post-operative complications, the median number of post-operative complications was 1 (IQR 1–2). Most encountered complications were Clavien-Dindo (CD) grade II complications (33.33%) and no in-hospital mortality was observed.
Conclusions
This complex, multimodal treatment strategy results in a significantly prolonged OS and DFS when compared to other treatment strategies for gastric cancer patients, with no added morbidity or mortality.
Dynamics of Sorption Processes at Physical Synthesis of Iron Nanoparticles
Authors: Kurapov Yurii A. , Lytvyn Stanislav Ye. , Didikin Gennadii G. , Oranska Olena I. , Romanenko Sergei M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray phase and thermogravimetric analyses were used to study the dynamics of the sorption processes of ligand-free iron nanoparticles produced by highly efficient physical synthesis, namely, the molecular beam method. The structure, chemical and phase composition of Fe-NaCl condensates with different iron contents, crystallite dimensions (nanoparticles) and nanoparticle surface areas depending on the condensation temperature, which characterize the sorption capacity, primarily for moisture and oxygen, were studied. Finally, the gravimetric analysis method was used to investigate the kinetics of the relative change in the weight of porous Fe-NaCl condensates with different iron contents, depending on the condensation temperature. With increasing synthesis temperature, the nanoparticle size increases, and the specific surface area decreases. Therefore, by changing the size of the nanoparticles at the same volume, we can regulate the ratio of the nanoparticle surface to the nanoparticle volume, i.e., change the properties of the reaction surface and, in this way, the contribution of the excess surface energy to the total free energy of the system. The mass fraction of physically adsorbed and bound oxygen (moisture) correlates with the size (area, surface) of the nanoparticles.
Ceramide and the membrane-fusion activity of LC3/GABARAP autophagy proteins
Authors: Varela Yaiza R , Iriondo Marina N , Ballesteros Uxue , Etxaniz Asier , Montes L. Ruth , Goni Felix M , Alonso Alicia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Macroautophagy is a cellular degradation process characterized by the formation of the double-membrane structure termed autophagosome (AP). The process of AP formation is not fully understood, but it is thought to happen through the combined action of direct lipid transfer and incorporation of new vesicles to the edges of the growing structure. Human LC3/GABARAP autophagy-related proteins are known to induce vesicle tethering and lipid mixing in vitro, which makes them suitable for the latter expansion mechanism. Ceramide (Cer) is a sphingolipid previously described to facilitate membrane fusion. Cer has also been related to macroautophagy modulation previously, although its specific role remains unclear. Moreover, the presence of sphingolipids in the AP has been suggested by recent experiments, increasing the relevance of Cer in macroautophagy. The present work has investigated the potential role that Cer could have on the proposed fusion of new vesicles to the nascent AP membrane. Interaction of purified ATG proteins with lipid vesicles of defined composition has been quantified using fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. Our results suggest that, if present, Cer could promote the vesicle tethering and leakage-free intervesicular lipid mixing induced by GABARAP and GABARAPL1, which would in turn mediate AP membrane expansion.
Does perceived caregiver HIV stigma and depression increase adolescent neuro-behavioral difficulties? A mediation analysis in the Asenze Cohort
Authors: Mirti Amaleah F. , Kane Jeremy C. , Watt Kathryn G. , Desmond Chris , Gruver Rachel S. , Munsami Adele , Myeza Nonhlanhla P. , Norwitz Gabriela A. , Davidson Leslie L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

People living with HIV (PLWH) often experience HIV related stigma that is, in turn, associated with several negative health outcomes including depression, harmful drinking, and intimate partner violence. Despite knowledge of these proximal impacts of HIV stigma on PLWH, less is known about the impact that Caregivers living with HIV’s perception of stigma has on the health and behavior of adolescents in their care. Utilizing data from adolescents and their primary caregivers from the population-based Asenze cohort study in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, we conducted a path analysis to determine if caregiver depression [operationalized as mental health functioning] is a mediator of the hypothesized association between caregiver HIV stigma and adolescent neurodevelopmental behavior including internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Results suggest good model fit and a statistically significant relationship between caregiver HIV stigma and caregiver mental health functioning. However, neither the direct nor indirect (including potential mediator caregiver mental health functioning) effect of HIV stigma on adolescent behavioral difficulties was statistically significant. This paper builds on previous research demonstrating the relationship between HIV stigma and depression, highlighting the need for continued study of underlying mechanisms that impact the stigma and health of PLWH and others important to them such as their children.
Estimating CO2 Response in a Mixed Broadleaf Forest using the Dynamic Assimilation Technique
Authors: Hu HuiTing , Jiang Wei , Fan Xiuhua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Estimating the CO2 response of forest trees is of great significance in plant photosynthesis research. CO2 response measurement is traditionally employed under steady state conditions. With the development of open-path gas exchange systems, the Dynamic Assimilation Technique (DAT), allows measurement under non-steady state conditions. This greatly improves the efficiency and data density of CO2 response measurement. However, the effects of different models in fitting the DAT data have not been extensively verified.
Results
This research was conducted for three common broadleaf tree species (Ulmus macrocarpa, Fraxinus mandshurica, and Tilia amurensis) in North Eastern China. Among the three species, Fraxinus mandshurica is the most adapted to high CO2 concentration conditions. Four models were compared, the rectangular hyperbola (RH) model, the Michaelis-Menten (MM) model, the modified rectangular hyperbola (MRH) model and a non-rectangular hyperbola (NRH) model.
Conclusions
Considering the model parsimony and parameter accuracy, the NRH model emerged as the best choice (R2 = 0.9966, RMSE = 0.1862, AIC=-199.86). This study provides a reference for the further application of DAT in the field of photosynthesis.
Allogeneic transplantation for AML with RUNX1::RUNX1T1 fusion: a time-dependent analysis in a retrospective study
Authors: Hou Chun-xiao , Chen Yu , Liu Yi-zi , Yin Jia , Chen Su-ning 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The prognostic significance of measurable residual disease (MRD) in guiding allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (Allo-HCT) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with RUNX1::RUNX1T1 fusion in first complete remission (CR1) requires further elucidation. This retrospective study analyzed 246 patients diagnosed AML with RUNX1::RUNX1T1 fusion to evaluate the prognostic impact of MRD following the second consolidation therapy and the effectiveness of Allo-HCT after achieving CR1. Our findings indicated that 64/246 patients (26%) had a MRD reduction less than 3-log post-second consolidation therapy and it is an independent adverse factor for both CIR (HR = 6.93, P < 0.001) and OS (HR = 6.97, P < 0.001). Then the impact of Allo-HCT in CR1 on outcome was analyzed by univariate, multivariate time-dependent model and multistate model. Results suggested Allo-HCT in CR1 was significantly associated with better DFS and OS (DFS: HR = 0.21, P < 0.001; OS: HR = 0.27, P = 0.002) for patients with MRD reduction less than 3-log in univariate time-dependent analyses and was an favorable factor for survival in multivariate model adjusted for MRD and KIT mutation (DFS: HR = 0.21, P < 0.001; OS:HR = 0.31, P = 0.002) without increasing NRM (HR = 0.85, P = 0.75). In multistate model, the 5-year predicted probability of remaining in CR without undergoing Allo-HCT is significantly lower for patients with MRD reduction less than 3-log compared with those achieved MRD reduction ≥ 3-log (5.2% vs. 50.0%). These findings support MRD-directed Allo-HCT to exert a substantial influence on outcomes for AML patients with RUNX1::RUNX1T1 fusion. These results advocate for the incorporation of MRD status in the criteria for transplantation eligibility to enhance survival rates.
Four Loss of Function Pathogenic Variants in ARHGAP29 in Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Vikkula Miikka , Ranji Peyman , Pairet Eleonore , Helaers Raphael , Bayet Bénédicte , Gerdom Alexander , Lopes Vera Lucia Gil da Silva , Revencu Nicole 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The pathophysiological basis of non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NsCL/P) is still largely unclear. However, exome sequencing (ES) has allowed to associate several genes with NsCL/P, often with reduced penetrance. Among these genes, the Rho GTPase activating protein 29 (ARHGAP29) has been previously implicated in 7 families with NsCL/P. We investigated a cohort of 224 NsCLPs for which no genetic mutation had been identified by diagnostic testing. We used ES and bioinformatic variant filtering and identified four novel likely pathogenic/pathologic variants in ARHGAP29 in four multiplex families. One was a missense variant leading to the substitution of the first methionine with threonine, two were heterozygous frameshift variants leading to a premature termination codon, and the last one was a nonsense variant. All variants were predicted to result in loss of function, either through NMD-mediated mRNA decay, or by truncated ARHGAP29, or by non-translation or abnormal N-terminal initiation of translation of ARHGAP29. The truncated ARHGAP29 proteins would lack the important RhoGAP domain. The variants were not present in the control population databases, and the loss of intolerance score (pLI) of ARHGAP29 is 1.0, suggesting that ARHGAP29 haploinsufficiency is not tolerated. Phenotypes ranged from microform CL to complete bilateral CLP, with one unaffected mutation carriers. These results extend the mutational spectrum of ARHGAP29 and show that it is an important gene underlying variable NsCL/P phenotypes. ARHGAP29 should be included in diagnostic genetic testing for NsCL/P, especially familial cases, as it may be mutated in ⁓2% of patients with high penetrance (88%).
Traditional Chinese medicine for male sexual dysfunction and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events: A population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yang Wen-Chieh , Lin Heng-Jun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The study investigates the association between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) use for male sexual dysfunction (SD) and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Using data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database from 2001 to 2018, the study includes a random sample of 2 million individuals. Male patients aged 20–70 with newly diagnosed SD were classified as TCM users or non-TCM users. The risk of MACE was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan-Meier methods. Results show that among the 144 114 TCM users without SD and 144 114 non-TCM users without SD, TCM users exhibited a higher MACE incidence (9.93 vs. 9.08 per 1 000 person-years, adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.07). Among male patients with SD (n = 4 959) with otherwise similar baseline characteristics, the association between TCM use and an increased risk of MACE (aHR:1.23) appeared to be related to the presence of SD, particularly organic SD (aHR:1.24). In the TCM group, most MACE cases occurred in males over 40 years old. Individuals using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and those with comorbidities such as hypertension, prostate issues, anxiety, and hyperlipidemia were more prone to MACE. The conclusion suggests that male patients with SD using TCM may encounter an increased risk of MACE. TCM practitioners should be cautious when prescribing Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) for male SD patients, considering potential cardiovascular risks.
Comparison of robotic and laparoscopic approaches in short- and long-term outcomes of lateral pelvic lymph node dissection for advanced rectal cancer: a Japanese multicenter study
Authors: Ishii Mitsutoshi , Tominaga Tetsuro , Nonaka Takashi , Takamura Yuma , Oishi Kaido , Hashimoto Shintaro , Shiraishi Toshio , Noda Keisuke , Ono Rika , Hisanaga Makoto , Takeshita Hiroaki , Fukuoka Hidetoshi , Oyama Shosaburo , Sawai Terumitsu , Matsumoto Keitaro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPND) is a challenging surgical technique with complex anatomy and narrow pelvic manipulation. The outcomes of robotic and laparoscopic surgery for LPND are still unclear.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 169 consecutive patients who underwent rectal cancer surgery with LPND between 2016 to 2023. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether LPND was performed by robotic surgery (R group, n = 40) or laparoscopic surgery (L group, n = 129). Clinicopathological feature and outcomes were compared between groups.
Results
Frequency of surgery with combined resection of adjacent structures (5.0% vs 19.4%, p = 0.023), frequency of patients with distant metastasis (5.0% vs 19.4%, p = 0.028), and estimated blood loss from bilateral LPND (74 mL vs 132 mL, p = 0.013) were all lower in the R group than in the L group. Type of surgical approach did not correlate with postoperative complications. Median follow-up was 31.0 months (range, 1.0–69.0 months). No patients in the R group experienced local recurrence, compared to 4.6% in the L group. Multivariate analysis revealed laparoscopic surgery (odds ratio 3.687, 95% confidence interval 1.505–6.033; p = 0.004) as an independent predictor of poor relapse-free survival.
Conclusions
Robotic surgery for LPND appears to have good prognostic value in some, but not all, oncologic cases. However, large prospective studies are desirable to validate these findings.