bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Critical Tracking Task
Authors: Petzoldt Tibor , Bellem Hanna , Krems Josef F. 
Published: August 2013

Objective: We report on four experiments that investigated the critical tracking task’s (CTT) potential as a tool to measure distraction. Background: Assessment of the potential of new in-vehicle information systems to be distracting has become an important issue. An easy-to-use method, which might be a candidate to assess this distraction, is the CTT. The CTT requires an operator to stabilize a bar, which is displayed on a computer screen, such that it does not depart from a predefined target position. As the CTT reflects various basic aspects of the operational level of the driving task, we used it as a simple surrogate for driving to assess the CTT’s capabilities. Method: We employed secondary tasks of varying demand, artificial tasks as well as tasks representative of secondary tasks while driving, and asked participants to perform them together with the CTT in parallel. CTT performance, secondary task performance, and subjective ratings of load were recorded and analyzed. Results: Overall, the CTT was able to differentiate between different levels of demand elicited by the secondary tasks. The results obtained corresponded with our a priori assumptions about the respective secondary tasks’ potential to distract. Conclusion: It appears that the CTT can be used to assess in-vehicle information systems with regard to their potential to distract drivers. Additional experiments are necessary to further clarify the relationship between driving and CTT performance. Application: The CTT can provide a cost-effective solution as part of a battery of tests for early testing of new in-vehicle devices.
Management of Comorbidities in Diabetics With Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Rabey Jonathan L. , Yin Jingjing , Kublas Tammy M. , Mashtare Terry , Ceacareanu Alice C. 
Published: August 2013

Objectives: This study evaluated whether particular diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperlipidemia, or hypertension pharmacotherapy was associated with improved renal cell carcinoma (RCC) outcomes in diabetics with emergent RCC. Methods: All DM cases newly diagnosed with RCC at Roswell Park Cancer Institute (January 01, 2003-December 31, 2010) were included (n = 95). Baseline demographic information, clinical history, and cancer outcomes were documented after chart review. Fisher’s test was used for the analysis of categorical outcomes across different treatment groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses for the comparisons of the overall survival and progression-free survival across treatment groups were assessed using Kaplan-Meier log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards models. Results: We found that DM pharmacotherapy users, which may represent a more advanced disease as compared to those controlled by diet alone, displayed significantly greater mortality ( P = .01). Additionally, we found that cholesterol-lowering pharmacotherapy use was associated with decreased RCC mortality (hazard ratio = 0.54, P = .06). Individuals receiving combined hypertension regimens had a lower chance to present with baseline metastasis; however, hypertension pharmacotherapy use added no survival benefit. Conclusion: Reinforcing guidelines compliance for hyperlipidemia management in patients with DM may provide a considerable cancer benefit if diagnosed with RCC. Studies evaluating the need for cholesterol-lowering pharmacotherapy in guidelines-noncompliant DM cases upon RCC diagnosis are currently needed.
Personalized Exercise for Adolescents With Diabetes or Obesity
Authors: Faulkner Melissa Spezia , Michaliszyn Sara Fleet , Hepworth Joseph T. , Wheeler Mark D. 
Published: August 2013

Objective: This study examined adherence to a personalized, community-based exercise intervention by sedentary adolescents with type 1 or type 2 diabetes or those with obesity. Research design and Methods: We conducted a pretest–posttest investigation to explore the application of an individualized exercise prescription based upon current fitness level for 39 adolescents (20 with type 1 diabetes, 9 with type 2 diabetes, and 10 obese) over 16 weeks in community settings. Subjects were recruited from a university-based pediatric endocrinology clinic in the southwestern United States. Adherence to the exercise prescription was monitored using accelerometers over the entire intervention period. Results: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels significantly increased over sedentary baseline values ( p < .001), but the average of 42.5 ± 22.1 min/day of MVPA determined at the end of the study was still less than the recommended 60 min/day. Perceptions of health were significantly increased for the total group following the intervention ( p = .008). For those with type 1 diabetes, there was a significant association between MVPA duration and percentage change in HbA1c ( r = −.526, p = .02). Conclusions: Recruitment and retention of adolescent participation in daily exercise is challenging. Personalized approaches that include adolescent choices with family support and ongoing motivation can improve individual exercise adherence and a sense of personal health.
Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency and multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive meta-analysis of case–control studies
Authors: Tsivgoulis Georgios , Sergentanis Theodoros N. , Chan Andrew , Voumvourakis Konstantinos , Triantafyllou Nikos , Psaltopoulou Theodora , Gold Ralf , Krogias Christos 
Published: August 2013

Objectives: Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). This comprehensive meta-analysis of case–control studies investigates the association of CCSVI with MS. Methods: Through Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane database searches, case–control ultrasound studies comparing CCSVI frequency among patients with MS and healthy controls were identified. Results: We identified 19 eligible studies including 1250 patients with MS and 899 healthy controls. The pooled analysis showed that CCSVI was associated with MS [odds ratio (OR) 8.35; 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.44–20.31; p < 0.001) with considerable heterogeneity across studies ( I2 = 80.1%). This association was substantially attenuated in sensitivity analyses excluding studies that were carried out by the group that originally described CCSVI, included investigators who had also been involved in publications advocating endovascular procedures for CCSVI treatment, or were conducted in Italy. Our most conservative sensitivity analysis combining different exclusion criteria yielded no association of CCSVI with MS (OR 1.35; 95% CI 0.62–2.93; p = 0.453) without any heterogeneity ( I2 = 0%). Conclusion: There is considerable heterogeneity across different case–control studies evaluating the association of CCSVI and MS. The greatest factor contributing to this heterogeneity appears to be the involvement of investigators in other publications supporting endovascular procedures as a novel MS treatment.
Stress Fracture of the Anterior Process of the Calcaneus
Authors: Taketomi Shuji , Uchiyama Eiji , Iwaso Hiroshi 
Published: August 2013

Stress fracture of the anterior process of the calcaneus is rare. We present a case of a 14-year-old female basketball player who suffered a stress fracture of the anterior process of the calcaneus that was not associated with a calcaneonavicular coalition. After conservative treatment failed, drilling of the fracture site was required to facilitate healing. A possible cause of this rare type of stress fracture seemed to be a long anterior process of the calcaneus. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV: Case study
Vanadoallanite-(La): a new epidote-supergroup mineral from Ise, Mie Prefecture, Japan
Authors: Nagashima M. , Nishio-Hamane D. , Tomita N. , Minakawa T. , Inaba S. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe new mineral, vanadoallanite-(La), found in the stratiform ferromanganese deposit from the Shobu area, Ise City, Mie Prefecture, Japan, was studied using electron microprobe analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Vanadoallanite-(La) is a rare-earth element-rich monoclinic epidote-supergroup mineral with simplified formula CaLaV3+AlFe2+(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH) (Z= 2, space group P21/m) characterized by predominantly V3+at one of three octahedral sites,M1. The crystal studied shows large V (∼8.4 V2O3wt.%), Fe (∼13.8 Fe2O3wt.%; Fe2+/total Fe = 0.58) and Mn (∼8.8 MnO wt.%) contents. A small amount of Ti is also present (∼1.3 TiO2wt.%). Structural refinement converged toR1= 2.96%. The unit-cell parameters area= 8.8985(2),b= 5.7650(1),c= 10.1185(2) Å, β = 114.120(1)° andV= 473.76(2) Å3. The cation distributions determined atA1,A2andM3are Ca0.61Mn0.39, (La0.46Ce0.14Pr0.07Nd0.18)Σ0.85Ca0.15and Fe2+0.56Mn2+0.30Mg0.06V3+0.05Fe3+0.03, respectively. On the other hand, depending on Ti assignment, two different schemes of the cation distribution atM1andM2can be considered: (1)M1(V3+0.58Fe3+0.34Ti4+0.08)M2(Al0.92Fe3+0.08), and (2)M1(V3+0.58Fe3+0.42)M2(Al0.92Ti4+0.08). In both cases, the dominant cations atA1, A2, M1, M2andM3are Ca, La, V3+, Al and Fe2+, respectively. According to ionic radius, Ti4+possibly prefersM2rather than Fe3+. A large Mn2+content at A1 also characterizes our vanadoallanite-(La). The structural change of Mn2+-rich allanite-group minerals is considered to be controlled by two main factors. One is the large Mn2+content at A1 in vanadoallanite-(La), which modifies the topology of theA1O9polyhedron. The other is the expansion ofM3O6andM1O6octahedra caused by large octahedral cations, such as Fe2+and Mn2+, atM3and the trivalent transition elements, V3+and Fe3+, atM1.
Oxo-magnesio-hastingsite, NaCa2(Mg2Fe3+3 )(Al2Si6)O22O2, a new anhydrous amphibole from the Deeti volcanic cone, Gregory rift, northern Tanzania
Authors: Zaitsev A. N. , Avdontseva E. Yu. , Britvin S. N. , Demény A. , Homonnay Z. , Jeffries T. E. , Keller J. , Krivovichev V. G. , Markl G. , Platonova N. V. , Siidra O. I. , Spratt J. , Vennemann T. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractOxo-magnesio-hastingsite, ideally NaCa2(Mg2Fe3+3)(Al2Si6)O22O2, is a new anhydrous amphibole from the Deeti volcanic cone in the Gregory rift (northern Tanzania). The mineral occurs as megacrysts up to 12 cm in size in crystal-rich tuff. Oxo-magnesio-hastingsite is brown with a vitreous lustre and has a perfect {110} cleavage. The measured density is 3.19(1) g/cm3. Ferri-kaersutite is biaxial (–), α = 1.706 (2), β = 1.715(2), γ = 1.720(2) (Na light, 589 nm). 2V (calc.) = 73°. Dispersion: r > v, weak; orientation: Y = b; Z ^ c = 8°; pleochroism: strong, Z: dark brown, Y: brown, X: light brown. The average chemical formula of the mineral derived from electron microprobe analyses, Mössbauer spectroscopy and direct water determination is (Na0.67K0.33)Σ1.00(Ca1.87Na0.14Mn0.01)Σ2.02(Mg3.27Fe3+1.25Ti0.44Al0.08)Σ5.04(Al1.80Si6.20O22)(O1.40OH0.60)Σ2.00. It has monoclinic symmetry, space group C2/m and unit-cell parameters a = 9.8837(3), b = 18.0662(6), c = 5.3107(2) Å, b = 105.278(1)o, V = 914.77(5) Å3, Z = 2. The five strongest powder-diffraction lines [d in Å, (I/Io), hkl] are: 3.383 (62) (131), 2.708 (97) (151), 2.555 (100) (), 2.349 (29) () and 2.162 (36) (261). The isotopic composition of H and O, as well as the concentration of trace elements in oxo-magnesio-hastingsite suggest its formation from a melt originated from a mantle source metasomatized by slab-derived fluids.
MicroRNA-503 inhibits the G1/S transition by downregulating cyclin D3 and E2F3 in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xiao Fenqiang , zhang Wu , Chen Liming , Chen Fei , Xie Haiyang , Xing Chunyang , Yu Xiaobo , Ding Songming , Chen Kangjie , Guo Haijun , Cheng Jun , Zheng Shusen , Zhou Lin 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Background
Increasing evidence indicates that deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is involved in tumorigenesis. Downregulation of microRNA-503 has been observed in various types of diseases, including cancer. However, the biological function of miR-503 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still largely unknown. In this study we aimed to elucidate the prognostic implications of miR-503 in HCC and its pathophysiologic role.

Methods
Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate miR-503 expression in HCC tissues and cell lines. Western blotting was performed to evaluate the expression of the miR-503 target genes. In vivo and in vitro assays were performed to evaluate the function of miR-503 in HCC. Luciferase reporter assay was employed to validate the miR-503 target genes.

Results
miR-503 was frequently downregulated in HCC cell lines and tissues. Low expression levels of miR-503 were associated with enhanced malignant potential such as portal vein tumor thrombi, histologic grade, TNM stage, AFP level and poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis indicated that miR-503 downregulation was significantly associated with worse overall survival of HCC patients. Functional studies showed miR-503 suppressed the proliferation of HCC cells by induction of G1 phase arrest through Rb-E2F signaling pathways, and thus may function as a tumor suppressor. Further investigation characterized two cell cycle-related molecules, cyclin D3 and E2F3, as the direct miR-503 targets.

Conclusion
Our data highlight an important role for miR-503 in cell cycle regulation and in the molecular etiology of HCC, and implicate the potential application of miR-503 in prognosis prediction and miRNA-based HCC therapy.
The sweet and sour of serological glycoprotein tumor biomarker quantification
Authors: Kuzmanov Uros , Kosanam Hari , Diamandis Eleftherios P 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAberrant and dysregulated protein glycosylation is a well-established event in the process of oncogenesis and cancer progression. Years of study on the glycobiology of cancer have been focused on the development of clinically viable diagnostic applications of this knowledge. However, for a number of reasons, there has been only sparse and varied success. The causes of this range from technical to biological issues that arise when studying protein glycosylation and attempting to apply it to practical applications. This review focuses on the pitfalls, advances, and future directions to be taken in the development of clinically applicable quantitative assays using glycan moieties from serum-based proteins as analytes. Topics covered include the development and progress of applications of lectins, mass spectrometry, and other technologies towards this purpose. Slowly but surely, novel applications of established and development of new technologies will eventually provide us with the tools to reach the ultimate goal of quantification of the full scope of heterogeneity associated with the glycosylation of biomarker candidate glycoproteins in a clinically applicable fashion.
An evolving new paradigm: endothelial cells – conditional innate immune cells
Authors: Mai Jietang , Virtue Anthony , Shen Jerry , Wang Hong , Yang Xiao-Feng 
Published: August 2013

AbstractEndothelial cells (ECs) are a heterogeneous population that fulfills many physiological processes. ECs also actively participate in both innate and adaptive immune responses. ECs are one of the first cell types to detect foreign pathogens and endogenous metabolite-related danger signals in the bloodstream, in which ECs function as danger signal sensors. Treatment with lipopolysaccharide activates ECs, causing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which amplify the immune response by recruiting immune cells. Thus, ECs function as immune/inflammation effectors and immune cell mobilizers. ECs also induce cytokine production by immune cells, in which ECs function as immune regulators either by activating or suppressing immune cell function. In addition, under certain conditions, ECs can serve as antigen presenting cells (antigen presenters) by expressing both MHC I and II molecules and presenting endothelial antigens to T cells. These facts along with the new concept of endothelial plasticity suggest that ECs are dynamic cells that respond to extracellular environmental changes and play a meaningful role in immune system function. Based on these novel EC functions, we propose a new paradigm that ECs are conditional innate immune cells. This paradigm provides a novel insight into the functions of ECs in inflammatory/immune pathologies.
Acute myeloid leukemia in a 38-year-old hemodialyzed patient with von Hippel-Lindau disease
Authors: Labno-Kirszniok Katarzyna , Nieszporek Teresa , Wiecek Andrzej , Helbig Grzegorz , Lubinski Jan 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL disease) is a hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome caused by mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene. The gene product, pVHL, regulates the level of proteins that play a central role in protecting cells against hypoxia. Clinical hallmarks of von Hippel-Lindau disease are the development of central nervous system hemangioblastomas, renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, neuroendocrine tumors and endolymphatic sac tumors.
In this article the case of a 38-year old hemodialyzed patient who became ill with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) three years after being diagnosed with von Hippel-Lindau disease is presented.
After cytostatic treatment the patient went into complete hematologic remission but there was still residual disease at the genetic level. After consolidation therapy patient developed bone marrow aplasia and severe pneumonia. Despite intensive treatment the patient died from acute respiratory failure.
In this paper we present for the first time a case of von Hippel-Lindau disease associated with acute myeloid leukemia. No evidence of relationship between VHL disease and blood cancers has been demonstrated so far. Despite the fact that there is an increased risk of cancer development in hemodialyzed patients, cancer is a relatively rare cause of death in the dialysed population, and the most common malignancies are genitourinary cancers. It seems likely that development of acute myeloid leukemia in patient with VHL disease can be related to epigenetic alterations of the VHL gene, but further studies are needed.
Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with reduced adiposity but not with unfavorable major cardiovascular risk factor profiles and enhanced carotid atherosclerosis in black Africans from a developing population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dessein Patrick H , Woodiwiss Angela J , Norton Gavin R , Solomon Ahmed 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by inflamed joint-derived cytokine-mediated high-grade systemic inflammation that enhances cardiovascular metabolic risk and disease in developed populations. We investigated the potential impact of RA on cardiovascular risk factors including systemic inflammation and atherosclerosis, and their relationships in black Africans from a developing population.

Methods
We evaluated demographic features, adiposity indices, major traditional cardiovascular risk factors, circulating C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 concentrations and ultrasound determined carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in 274 black Africans; 115 had established RA. Data were analyzed in confounder-adjusted mixed regression models.

Results
The body mass index and waist-height ratio were lower in RA compared to non-RA subjects (29.2 (6.6) versus 33.7 (8.0), P < 0.0001 and 0.58 (0.09) versus 0.62 (0.1), P = 0.0003, respectively). Dyslipidemia was less prevalent in patients with RA (odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.54 (0.30 to1.00)); this disparity was no longer significant after further adjustment for reduced adiposity and chloroquine use. RA was also not associated with hypertension, current smoking and diabetes. The number of major traditional risk factors did not differ by RA status (1.1 (0.8) versus 1.2 (0.9), P = 0.7). Circulating C-reactive protein concentrations were similar and serum interleukin-6 concentrations reduced in RA (7.2 (3.1) versus 6.7 (3.1) mg/l, P = 0.7 and 3.9 (1.9) versus 6.3 (1.9) pg/ml, P < 0.0001, respectively). The cIMT was 0.700 (0.085) and 0.701 (0.111) mm in RA and non-RA subjects, respectively (P = 0.7). RA disease activity and severity parameters were consistently unrelated to systemic inflammation, despite the presence of clinically active disease in 82.6% of patients. In all participants, adiposity indices, smoking and converting angiotensin inhibitor non-use were associated with increased systemic inflammation, which related to more atherogenic lipid profiles, and circulating low density lipoprotein concentrations were associated with cIMT (partial R = 0.153, P = 0.032); RA did not impact on these relationships (interaction P ≥0.1).

Conclusions
Among black Africans, patients with established RA experience reduced overall and abdominal adiposity but no enhanced major traditional risk factor and atherosclerosis burden. This study further suggests that an absent interleukin-6 release by inflamed RA joints into the circulation may account for this unaltered cardiovascular disease risk.
Behaviour of Frame Columns in Localised Fires
Authors: Sun Ruirui , Burgess Ian , Huang Zhaohui 
Published: August 2013

A static/dynamic version of the software Vulcan has recently been developed, in which the numerical singularity of a static analysis, induced by a local instability of a structure, for instance the buckling of a column, can be covered by switching to the explicit dynamic procedure. This version of Vulcan allows the post-buckling behaviour of a member to be traced, finding a re-stabilized state if it exists.In this paper a study of the behaviour of steel columns in localised fires is presented. A simplified model is developed, taking into consideration the axial restraint of the column in fire. An axial elastic stiffness is used to represent restraint from the superstructure, and the full post-buckling behaviour is covered. Results obtained from the simplified model have been validated against previous numerical studies. A full-frame model has been created for comparison. The simplified model has been extended to investigate the effect of beam yielding on the column's restraint conditions. This is modelled by giving a bilinear force-displacement relationship to the spring element. The influence of the stiffness and strength ratios of beam to column on the behaviour of the column in a localised fire are investigated. This study indicates that, although the member interaction is complex in a frame in a localised fire, it may be possible to find a simple way to deal with this behaviour, and to determine not only the initial buckling temperature but also the possibilities of re-stabilization and progressive collapse.
Experiment 21: Glass bottle copy, in porcelain: Practice journal
Authors: Wilson Conor 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
An un-edited series of journal entries reflecting on the processes involved in making a copy. The copy was made in order to generate text. Writing about making is employed as a research method in an enquiry into relationships between body, language and material. Can making knowledge allow us to engage more directly with material in everyday life and what might the translation of embodied and material knowledge into words reveal about thought?