bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Freedom from Heaven
Authors: Sensbach Jon 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
From the beginning of European colonialism in the New World, Africans and people of African descent used religious language and ideology to protest the interlocking of religion, the state, and slavery. Throughout the Americas, slavery was built on a legal superstructure undergirded by imperial, national, and local power. Government produced and enforced the slave codes that defined human beings as property and legalized their torture, maiming, and execution. Therefore, any protest or act of resistance against slavery was by definition directed against the state as well. From slave rebellions to freedom petitions to protests against the U.S. Fugitive Slave Law, religion inspired resistance against the terror of state-sponsored slavery.
The Global Catholic Church and the Radical Possibilities of #BlackLivesMatter
Authors: Williams Shannen Dee 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Although Black people constitute approximately one-fourth of the world's 1.2 billion Catholics, racial justice remains an elusive priority and goal of the global church. This essay briefly examines the challenges of racial justice reform in the twenty-first-century church and considers the radical possibilities of worldwide Catholic engagement with #BlackLivesMatter.
Climaterio y sexualidad
Authors: Izquierdo Melodie Sánchez , García Emilio Hernández 
Published: October 2015

Objetivo: Estudiar el impacto que produce el climaterio en la vida sexual de las mujeres que residen en Mérida e identificar los cambios sexuales que tienen lugar. <br /><br />Metodología: Se ha elaborado un estudio de carácter descriptivo y retrospectivo con 102 mujeres con menopausia natural y una edad comprendida entre los 45 y los 59 años.<br /><br />Resultados: Las dimensiones más afectadas tras la menopausia han sido: deseo sexual, lubricación vaginal y satisfacción sexual. Un 65.6% de las mujeres encuestadas presenta alteración de su función sexual después de la menopausia. El 33% de mujeres afirma no tener ninguna dificultad en su función sexual, mientras que el 22.5% señalan como principal motivo de sus dificultades la insatisfacción con los cambios corporales. <br /><br />Conclusión: Mayoritariamente la menopausia ha generado un impacto negativo en la sexualidad de las mujeres que han participado en el estudio. El profesional de enfermería debería tomar conciencia y abordar este problema desde el ámbito de sus competencias.<strong><br /><br /></strong>
Los familiares que habitan con enfermos cardiacos de Huesca, ¿están preparados para hacer frente a una parada cardiorrespiratoria?
Authors: Arrazola Alberdi Oihana , García Moyano Loreto María , Sanz Pérez Lidia 
Published: October 2015

<p><strong></strong>Objetivo: Describir si los familiares que habitan con enfermos cardiacos, poseen los conocimientos suficientes para hacer frente a una parada cardiaca extrahospitalaria (PCEH).<br /><br />Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal. La población a estudio estuvo compuesta por los familiares de los pacientes ingresados en el Servicio de Cardiología del Hospital San Jorge de Huesca, en los meses de septiembre y octubre de 2014. Las variables fueron recogidas con un cuestionario estructurado de elaboración propia. <br /><br />Resultados: El total de los participantes fue de 177. El 61% eran mujeres, la edad media fue de 55,63 años. El 26,6% había presenciado una PCEH, el 20,9% había realizado un curso de reanimación cardiopulmonar (RCP), el 36,7% sabría reconocer personas con riesgo de sufrir una parada cardiaca, el 56,5% conocía el número del Servicio de Emergencias Médicas (SEM), el 9,6% tenía los conocimientos suficientes para iniciar maniobras de RCP, el 98,3% creía que era importante tener conocimientos sobre RCP y el 72,9% participaría en cursos de formación. <br /><br />Conclusiones: Los familiares que habitan con enfermos cardiacos no poseen los conocimientos suficientes para hacer frente a una PCEH y por ello es de vital importancia que se incrementen los esfuerzos en la creación de estrategias dirigidas a desarrollar los dos primeros y fundamentales eslabones de la cadena de supervivencia.<br /><br /><br /></p>
Necessidades de saúde da mulher idosa no contexto da atenção básica: revisão integrative
Authors: Silva Luana Christina Souza da , Cunha Lidiane Passos , Carvalho Simone Mendes , Tocantins Florence Romijn 
Published: October 2015

Objetivos: Identificar producciones científicas sobre necesidades de salud de la mujer mayor en el contexto de la atención primaria y analizar qué aspectos se tratan en cuanto a las necesidades de salud de la mujer de edad avanzada en el contexto de la atención primaria. <br /><br />Método: Revisión integral con la cuestión de la búsqueda: ¿Cuáles son los conceptos tratados en la literatura sobre el tema de las necesidades de salud de la mujer mayor en el contexto de la atención primaria? La búsqueda se produjo en bases de datos LILACS y MEDline, en marzo de 2015. Criterios de inclusión: artículo en su totalidad; portugués, inglés o español y realidad brasileña.<br /><br />Resultados: La muestra de cinco artículos apunta necesidades asistenciales de la mujer en el ciclo reproductivo apoyado en perspectiva PNAISM. Es de destacar que el proceso salud-enfermedad es un fenómeno socialmente condicionado y no sólo biológico. <br /><br />Conclusiones: La importancia de avanzar hacia nuevos enfoques para el cuidado de la salud, explicando los motivos de la práctica profesional centrada en la atención integral a la mujer.<br /><br />
Lier guérison et réconciliation pour une paix durable en Bosnie-Herzégovine
Authors: Parent Geneviève 
Published: October 2015

Cet article soutient que les notions « guérison » et « réconciliation » – souvent utilisées de façon imprécise et ambiguë – servent à distinguer les approches ascendante et descendante en matière de consolidation de la paix. Ces notions contribuent également à dissimuler les liens complexes existant entre les processus psychosociaux associés à la guérison et les processus politiques associés à la réconciliation. De nombreux programmes et processus de consolidation de la paix sont conçus à partir de la distinction entre guérison et réconciliation. Or, lorsque le lien entre la guérison et la réconciliation est rompu, la consolidation de la paix engendre des expériences de victimisation secondaire qui fragilisent et peuvent compromettre la paix. Pour appuyer cet argument, nous considérons le cas de la Bosnie-Herzégovine.
La guerre comme syllogisme éristique
Authors: Zajec Olivier 
Published: October 2015

Au coeur même dupolémosqui régit le monde, la philosophie d’Héraclite suggère l’existence possible d’une alchimie dialogique spécifique, capable de transformer le plomb de l’opposition en or de la coopération. Non pas malgré la guerre, mais – aussi problématique que puisse apparaître un tel postulat – grâce à elle. Cet article transpose cette intuition au cadre spécifique des relations internationales. En s’appuyant sur la théorie de l’argumentation (d’Aristote aux développements plus récents de la logique informelle), il redéfinit la guerre en tant que « syllogisme éristique convergent ». Ce prisme permet de conclure à la validité du mécanisme héraclitéen de fusion des contraires, à la condition que la logique du conflit armé reste dépendante de son contexte énonciatif, lui-même façonné par la rationalité tragique propre à toute opposition politique.
Nutritional Quality of the Egg Mass Locally Known as “Lukot’ of the Wedge Seahare Dolabella auricularia (Lightfoot, 1786)
Authors: Pepito Ador R. , Delan Gloria G. , Asakawa Manabu , Ami Letecia J. , Yap Emelia Encarnacion S. , Olympia Minerva SD. , Yasui Kaori , Maningo Aurelia G. , Rica Rachel Luz V. , Lamayo Ma. Helian A. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The egg mass of the wedge seahare Dolabella auricularia has been gathered as human food for quite a long time without knowing its nutritional composition. Thus, this study was conducted in order to determine some nutritional aspects of the egg mass as basis of its utilization as human food. Important composition of the egg mass that were determined were its proximate composition, mineral contents and amino acid profile. In terms of proximate composition, the egg mass has a moisture content of 91.10 percent, fat of 0.85 percent, protein of 2.85 percent, ash of 3.43 percent and 1.77 percent for carbohydrates. The mineral content such as: calcium, iron, potassium, sodium and zinc contain 1040 mg/kg, 25.3 mg/kg, 599 mg/kg, 9803 mg/kg and 41.6 mg/kg, respectively. The amino acid profile has six (6) essential amino acids such as: threonine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine and hstidine while it has nine (9) non-essential amino acid like: taurine, aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, glumatimine, glycine, alanine, tyrosine, proline. It has also eight (8) other amino acids components such as: Phospo-serine, urea, aromatic amino acid, citrulline, beta-alanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, ammonia, ornithine. Results show that the egg mass of the wedge seahare contains some nutritional components that are very essential in maintaining a healthy and balanced life, thus making it as another food commodity from the marine environment.
A quantitative assessment of the sensitivity of the downstream midlatitude flow response to extratropical transition of tropical cyclones
Authors: Grams Christian M. , Lang Simon T. K. , Keller Julia H. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDuring extratropical transition (ET) of tropical cyclones (TC) reduced predictability for the midlatitude flow is often observed. In this study we assess the sensitivity of the midlatitude flow response to ET. To this end, a simple novel metric, the “equivalent forecast hour difference,” is introduced and applied to experimental simulations for eight recent ET events, in which the TC has been removed or relocated. Early during ET, the midlatitude flow response is sensitive to ridgebuilding directly downstream of the transitioning TC. In cases with strong ridgebuilding and Rossby wave triggering, the sensitivity remains high. The midlatitude flow response is even more sensitive to error in the initial position of the TC. This study newly quantifies the high degree of sensitivity of the downstream midlatitude flow response to ET. It corroborates the need for correct tropical cyclogenesis and TC track forecasts for improving midlatitude numerical weather prediction during ET.
Properties and geoeffectiveness of magnetic clouds during solar cycles 23 and 24
Authors: Gopalswamy N. , Yashiro S. , Xie H. , Akiyama S. , Mäkelä P. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe report on a study that compares the properties of magnetic clouds (MCs) during the first 73 months of solar cycles 23 and 24 in order to understand the weak geomagnetic activity in cycle 24. We find that the number of MCs did not decline in cycle 24, although the average sunspot number is known to have declined by ~40%. Despite the large number of MCs, their geoeffectiveness in cycle 24 was very low. The average Dst index in the sheath and cloud portions in cycle 24 was −33 nT and −23 nT, compared to −66 nT and −55 nT, respectively, in cycle 23. One of the key outcomes of this investigation is that the reduction in the strength of geomagnetic storms as measured by the Dst index is a direct consequence of the reduction in the factor VBz (the product of the MC speed and the out‐of‐the‐ecliptic component of the MC magnetic field). The reduction in MC‐to‐ambient total pressure in cycle 24 is compensated for by the reduction in the mean MC speed, resulting in the constancy of the dimensionless expansion rate at 1 AU. However, the MC size in cycle 24 was significantly smaller, which can be traced to the anomalous expansion of coronal mass ejections near the Sun reported by Gopalswamy et al. (2014a). One of the consequences of the anomalous expansion seems to be the larger heliocentric distance where the pressure balance between the CME flux ropes and the ambient medium occurs in cycle 24.
2D NMR Trace Analysis by Continuous Hyperpolarization at High Magnetic Field
Authors: Eshuis Nan , Aspers Ruud L. E. G. , van Weerdenburg Bram J. A. , Feiters Martin C. , Rutjes Floris P. J. T. , Wijmenga Sybren S. , Tessari Marco 
Published: October 2015

AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance is often the technique of choice in chemical analysis because of its sensitivity to molecular structure, quantitative character, and straightforward sample preparation. However, determination of trace analytes in complex mixtures is generally limited by low sensitivity and extensive signal overlap. Here, we present an approach for continuous hyperpolarization at high magnetic field that is based on signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) and can be straightforwardly incorporated in multidimensional NMR experiments. This method was implemented in a 2D correlation experiment that allows detection and quantification of analytes at nanomolar concentration in complex solutions.
Polymer Cages as Universal Tools for the Precise Bottom‐Up Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Fan Ziyin , Chen Xuelian , Köhn Serrano Melissa , Schmalz Holger , Rosenfeldt Sabine , Förster Stephan , Agarwal Seema , Greiner Andreas 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA template synthesis allows the preparation of monodisperse nanoparticles with high reproducibility and independent from self‐assembly requirements. Tailor‐made polymer cages were used for the preparation of nanoparticles, which were made of cross‐linked macromolecules with pendant thiol groups. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared in the polymer cages in situ, by using different amounts of cages versus gold. The polymer cages exhibited a certain capacity, below which the AuNPs could be grown with excellent control over the size and shape. Control experiments with a linear diblock copolymer showed a continuous increase in the AuNP size as the gold feed increased. This completely different behavior regarding the AuNP size evolution was attributed to the flexibility of the polymer chain depending on cross‐linking. Moreover, the polymer cages were suitable for the encapsulation of AgNPs, PdNPs, and PtNPs by the in situ method.
Compatibility, steady and dynamic rheological behaviors of polylactide/poly(ethylene glycol) blends
Authors: Li Feng‐Jiao , Tan Ling‐Cao , Zhang Shui‐Dong , Zhu Bo 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the rheological behavior of plasticized polylactide (PLA) contributed to the optimization of processing conditions and revealed the microstructure–property relationships. In this study, the morphological, thermal, steady and dynamic rheological properties of the PLA/poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) blends were investigated by scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimeter, and capillary and dynamic rheometers, respectively. The results illuminated that the melt shear flow basically fitted the power law, whereas the temperature dependence of the apparent shear viscosity (ηa) or complex viscosity (η*) followed the Arrhenius equation. Both the neat PLA and PLA/PEG blends exhibited shear‐thinning behavior. Because the incorporation of PEG reduced the intermolecular forces and improved the mobility of the PLA chains, the ηa, η*, and storage and loss moduli of the PLA/PEG blends decreased. The PEG content (WPEG) ranged from 0 to 10 wt %, both ηa and η* decreased significantly. However, the decrements of ηa and η* became unremarkable when WPEG exceeded 10 wt %. The reason was attributed to the occurrence of phase separation, which resulted in the decrease in the plasticization and lubrication efficiencies. This study demonstrated that the addition of the right amount of PEG obviously improved the flow properties of PLA. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 42919.
Synergistic effect of aluminium phosphate and tungstophosphoric acid on the physicochemical properties of sulfonated poly ether ether ketone nanocomposite membrane
Authors: Banerjee Soma , Kar Kamal K. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThis study explores the synergistic effect of aluminium phosphate (ALP) nanoparticles and tungstophosphoric acid (TPA) on the physicochemical properties of sulfonated poly ether ether ketone (SPEEK) nanocomposite membranes. SPEEK/TPA/ALP nanocomposite containing optimum TPA (10 wt %) and varying ALP content (3–10 wt %) are fabricated to investigate the effect of ALP nanoparticles on membrane properties. Experimental results reveal that nanocomposite membrane containing 3 wt % ALP nanoparticles and 10 wt % TPA exhibits 3.3 and 18.8 times higher proton conductivity compared to 10 wt % TPA filled SPEEK composite membrane and reference SPEEK membrane. ALP nanoparticles help in retaining water within the membranes and thus 59.4% reduction in water desorption rate is achieved compared to SPEEK/TPA membrane. The leaching of TPA is reduced by 34.5% which helps in retaining membrane properties. Membranes are thermally stable up to 200°C. Microstructure of the composite films is investigated by scanning electron microscope. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2016,133, 42952.
Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Rare Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Chen Jian S. , Roberts Christine L. , Simpson Judy M. , March Lyn M. 
Published: October 2015

ObjectiveTo examine pregnancy outcomes and pregnancy‐related health service utilization among women with rare autoimmune diseases.MethodsThis population‐based cohort study of an Australian obstetric population (2001–2011) used birth records linked to hospital records for identification of rare autoimmune diseases including systemic vasculitis, vasculitis limited to the skin, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, Behçet's disease, polymyositis/dermatomyositis, and other systemic involvement of connective tissue. We excluded births in women with systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis as well as births occurring ≥6 months before the diagnosis of the rare autoimmune disease. Modified Poisson regression was used to compare study outcomes between women with autoimmune diseases and the general obstetric population.ResultsThere were 991,701 births, including 409 births (0.04%) in 293 women with rare autoimmune diseases. Of the 409 births, 202 (49%) were delivered by cesarean section and 72 (18%) were preterm; these rates were significantly higher than those in the general obstetric population (28% and 7%, respectively). Compared to the general population, women with autoimmune diseases had higher rates of hypertensive disorders, antepartum hemorrhage, and severe maternal morbidity and required longer hospitalization at delivery, more hospital admissions, and tertiary obstetric care. Compared to other infants, those whose mothers had a rare autoimmune disease were at increased risk of admission to a neonatal intensive care unit, severe neonatal morbidity, and perinatal death.ConclusionWhile the majority of women with rare autoimmune diseases delivered healthy infants, they were at increased risk of having both maternal complications and adverse neonatal outcomes, suggesting that their pregnancies should be closely monitored.
Impact of case-relevant and case-irrelevant communication within the surgical team on surgical-site infection
Authors: Tschan F , Seelandt J C , Keller S , Semmer N K , Kurmann A , Candinas D , Beldi G 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Background
Surgical-site infections (SSIs) are the most common complications after surgery. An influence from talking and distractions during surgery on patient outcomes has been suggested, but there is limited evidence. The aim of this prospective observational study was to assess the relationship between intraoperative communication within the surgical team and SSI, and between intraoperative distractions and SSI.

Methods
This prospective observational study included patients undergoing elective, open abdominal procedures. For each procedure, intraoperative case-relevant and case-irrelevant communication, and intraoperative distractions were observed continuously on site. The influence of communication and distractions on SSI after surgery was assessed using logistic regressions, adjusting for risk factors.

Results
A total of 167 observed procedures were analysed; their mean(s.d.) duration was 4·6(2·1) h. A total of 24 SSIs (14·4 per cent) were diagnosed. Case-relevant communication during the procedure was independently associated with a reduced incidence of organ/space SSI (propensity score-adjusted odds ratio 0·86, 95 per cent c.i. 0·77 to 0·97; P = 0·014). Case-irrelevant communication during the closing phase of the procedure was independently associated with increased incidence of incisional SSI (propensity score-adjusted odds ratio 1·29, 1·08 to 1·55; P = 0·006). Distractions had no association with SSI.

Conclusion
More case-relevant communication was associated with fewer organ/space SSIs, and more case-irrelevant communication during wound closure was associated with incisional SSI.
Effect of the Mixed Oleophilic Fibrous Coalescer Geometry and the Operating Conditions on Oily Wastewater Separation
Authors: Lu Hao , Yang Qiang , Xu Xiao , Wang Hua‐Lin 
Published: October 2015

AbstractFibrous‐bed coalescers are commonly used to separate oil‐in‐water emulsions, and some factors significantly affect the separation performance. To achieve a fundamental understanding of the colloidal physical phenomenon and to predict the coalescence efficiency are challenging tasks because of the complex interplay among the governing parameters. Here, two types of commercial oleophilic fibers were employed to study the influence of critical factors on the separation performance, including the packing density, the specific surface area, the bed depth, the superficial velocity, and the inlet oil content. An industrial‐scale experiment was also carried out on an offshore platform. The collected industrial data will be useful to further the application of the oleophilic‐fiber bed in oily wastewater treatment.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer Coefficient in Corrugated Tubes
Authors: Nelly Steven Mac , Nieratschker Willi , Nadler Marc , Raab Daniel , Delgado Antonio 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSingle‐structured tubes (SSTs) and cross‐structured tubes (CSTs) with helix‐based structures are investigated with respect to their heat transfer properties and pressure drop based on the measurements of a non‐isothermal gas flow inside the tubes. The examined Reynolds number range corresponds to relevant shell‐and‐tube heat exchanger applications. After a detailed description of the measuring methods used, the test facilities and their validation‐appropriate wall geometries with a high potential for heat transfer improvements are discussed. The experimental results show that the Nusselt number can be improved by varying the structure depth and angle of the helix, which can also influence the pressure drop in the tube. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the tangential velocity in the SSTs strongly varies with the structure angle, while the flow inside the CSTs only rotates locally.