bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of wearable robot Bot Fit’s hip joint-centered assist torque and voice coach on walking
Authors: Shin Jang-hoon , Byeon Naeun , Yu Heeju , Lee Dokwan , Lee Hwang-Jae , Lee Wan-hee 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The main key to the 4th industrial era is robots, and wearable robots are incorporated into human healthcare. Samsung Electronics' Bot Fit is a hip joint-centered assistive robot that can induce walking posture and energetic walking exercises.
Methods
This study is a cross-section study. Fifty-eight subjects consisting of older and younger adults participated. The straight walking test was conducted under the conditions of bare body, wearing the wearable robot Bot Fit assist mode, and applying voice coach. Spatio-temporal gait parameters were analyzed and the statistical significance level was set at 0.05.
Results
When assist mode and voice coach were applied, pelvic movement in 3 axes, stride length, walking speed, and swing phase ratio compared to the bare body increased, and in assist mode, the difference in left and right stride lengths decreased.
Conclusion
The appropriate combination of assist mode and voice coach can increase the effectiveness of walking exercise while wearing Bot Fit.
Trial registration
Clinical Research Information Service, KCT0007974. Registered 12/07/2022
Bioinspired hydrophobic pseudo-hydrogel for programmable shape-morphing
Authors: Deng Heng , Xianchen Xu , Wang Zhigang , Chai Zefan , Hu Yuhang , Huang Tony , Zhang Cheng , Collyer Wesley , Yan Chunjie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Inspired by counterintuitive water-swelling ability of the hydrophobic moss of the genus Sphagnum (Peat moss), we introduce a novel material—hydrophobic pseudo-hydrogel (HPH), composed of a pure hydrophobic silicone elastomer with a tailored porous structure. In contrast to conventional hydrogels, HPH achieves water-swelling through capillary forces and surface tension, presenting an unexpected water-swelling capability in hydrophobic matrices. We establish a theoretical framework elucidating the interplay of poro-elasto-capillary and surface tension forces, providing insights into the swelling behavior. By systematically programming the pore structure, we demonstrate tunable, anisotropic, and programmable swelling. This leads to dedicated self-shaping transformations. Incorporating magnetic particles, we engineer HPH-based soft robots capable of swimming, rolling, and walking. This study demonstrates a unique approach to achieve water-responsive behavior in hydrophobic materials, expanding the possibilities for programmable shape-morphing in soft materials and soft robotic applications.
Are in-kind transfer vouchers as flexible and efficient as cash?
Authors: Malliaros Peter , Pacheco-Jaramillo Alejandro , Robertson-Dean Melanie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This paper delves into the persistent challenge of income inequality, a phenomenon that spans across various levels of national economic development. Despite numerous strategies employed globally, significant reduction in income inequality, to a Gini Coefficient level of 0.2 or lower, remains unachieved. This study introduces the Counterbalance Economic (CBE) model, exploring its potential application in diverse economies including Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States, Switzerland, Germany, Canada, Chile, Slovenia, Latvia, and Hungary. The model suggests a possible increase in overall Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by 34% and a decrease in average inequality from a Gini Coefficient of 0.33 to 0.088. Notably, these outcomes are projected without necessitating tax increases. Analysis over a 13-year period indicates that in-kind transfer vouchers, a key component of the CBE model, could effectively reduce income inequality, contributing to increased employment, improved well-being, and lower poverty levels. The CBE model integrates elements from both Neoliberal and Keynesian economic theories, potentially offering a balanced approach to economic cycles without disproportionately impacting the lower 50% of income earners.
Exploring the role of circulating proteins in multiple myeloma risk: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Lee Matthew A. , Burley Kate L. , Hazelwood Emma L. , Moore Sally , Lewis Sarah J. , Goudswaard Lucy J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable blood cancer with unclear aetiology. Proteomics, the high-throughput measurement of circulating proteins, is a valuable tool in exploring mechanisms of disease. We investigated the causal relationship between circulating proteins and MM risk, using two of the largest cohorts with proteomics data to-date.
Methods
We performed bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR; forward MR = causal effect estimation of proteins and MM risk; reverse MR = causal effect estimation of MM risk and proteins). Summary statistics for plasma proteins were obtained from genome-wide association studies performed using SomaLogic (N = 35,559; deCODE) and Olink (N = 34,557; UK Biobank; UKB) proteomic platforms and for MM risk from a meta-analysis of UKB and FinnGen (case = 1,649; control = 727,247) or FinnGen only (case = 1,085; control = 271,463). Cis-SNPs associated with protein levels were used to instrument circulating proteins. We evaluated proteins for the consistency of directions of effect across MR analyses (with 95% confidence intervals not overlapping the null) and corroborating evidence from genetic colocalization.
Results
In the forward MR, 994 (SomaLogic) and 1,570 (Olink) proteins were instrumentable. 440 proteins were analysed in both deCODE and UKB; 302 (69%) of these showed consistent directions of effect in the forward MR. Seven proteins had 95% confidence intervals (CIs) that did not overlap the null in both forward MR analyses and did not have evidence for an effect in the reverse direction. MR evidence was strongest for the effect of dermatopontin on MM risk (deCODE) OR: 1.49 per SD higher protein levels, 95% CI 1.06–2.09; (UKB) OR: 1.47; 95% CI 1.14–1.90). Evidence from genetic colocalization did not meet our threshold for a shared causal signal between this protein and MM risk (h4 < 0.8).
Conclusions
Our results highlight seven circulating proteins which may be involved in MM risk. Although evidence from genetic colocalization suggests these associations may not be robust to horizontal pleiotropy, these proteins may be useful markers of MM risk. Future work should explore the utility of these proteins in disease prediction or prevention using proteomic data from patients with MM or precursor conditions.
Topology and size optimization of viscous dampers with discrete design variables by outer approximation
Authors: Pollini Nicolò 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

We propose a novel seismic retrofitting approach for the topology and size optimization of fluid viscous dampers using discrete design variables. The design variables are the damping coefficients of the dampers, and they are chosen from catalogs, leading to practical optimal design solutions. The optimization problems considered are formulated as mixed 0–1 nonlinear programming problems. An algorithm based on outer approximation and that relies on first-order information is proposed to find optimized designs with modest computational resources and time. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through optimal seismic retrofitting of three-dimensional irregular frame structures. In the optimization problem formulation, the retrofitted structures are subjected to realistic seismic ground acceleration records with constraints on inter-story drifts and total story accelerations.
Hydrological drought assessment of the Sava River basin in South-Eastern Europe
Authors: Leščešen Igor , Gnjato Slobodan , Galinović Ida , Basarin Biljana 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Hydrological drought poses significant challenges to water resources, ecosystems, and human activities, necessitating comprehensive investigation. Monthly streamflow data from 12 monitoring stations across the Sava River basin were utilized to compute the streamflow drought index (SDI). The Mann–Kendall test evaluated trends, and the SDI's hydrological states were classified based on cumulative streamflow volumes. The study identified an alarming 83.3% of stations exhibiting statistically significant decreases in summer streamflow, indicating a widespread and concerning trend of declining water availability in the Sava River basin. Drought severity was particularly pronounced in tributaries such as the Vrbas and Bosna rivers, emphasizing the heterogeneous nature of hydrological changes. These findings underscore the urgent need for adaptive water resource management strategies in the face of escalating hydrological drought risks, especially given the far-reaching consequences on agriculture, industry, ecosystems, and social well-being. The study provides crucial insights for developing targeted resilience measures tailored to the specific challenges presented by the diverse hydrological conditions in the Sava River basin.
The Role of TGFBR3 in the Development of Lung Cancer
Authors: Deng Xin , Ma Nuoya , He Junyu , Xu Fei , Zou Guoying 
Published: August 2024

:
The Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) mediates embryonic development, maintains
cellular homeostasis, regulates immune function, and is involved in a wide range of other biological
processes. TGF-β superfamily signaling pathways play an important role in cancer development
and can promote or inhibit tumorigenesis. Type III TGF-β receptor (TGFBR3) is a co-receptor
in the TGF-β signaling pathway, which often occurs with reduced or complete loss of expression
in many cancer patients and can act as a tumor suppressor gene. The reduction or deletion of
TGFBR3 is more pronounced compared to other elements in the TGF-β signaling pathway. In recent
years, lung cancer is one of the major malignant tumors that endanger human health, and its
prognosis is poor. Recent studies have reported that TGFBR3 expression decreases to varying degrees
in different types of lung cancer, both at the tissue level and at the cellular level. The invasion,
metastasis, angiogenesis, and apoptosis of lung cancer cells are closely related to the expression
of TGFBR3, which strengthens the inhibitory function of TGFBR3 in the evolution of lung
cancer. This article reviews the mechanism of TGFBR3 in lung cancer and the influencing factors
associated with TGFBR3. Clarifying the physiological function of TGFBR3 and its molecular
mechanism in lung cancer is conducive to the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.
Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction Improves Inflammatory Factor Levels in Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy by Regulating the Arachidonic Acid Metabolic Pathway
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Du Xiaohui , Yan Guangli , Yang Le , Sun Hui , Zhang Xiwu , Kong Ling , Han Ying , Han Di , Tang Songyuan , Wang Xijun 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN) is a common complication
that arises from the use of anticancer drugs. Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction (HGWWD) is an effective classic
prescription for treating CIPN; however, the mechanism of the activity is not entirely understood.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the remedial effects and mechanisms of HGWWD on CIPN.

Methods:
Changes in behavioral, biochemical, histopathological, and biomarker indices were used to evaluate
the efficacy of HGWWD treatment. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry combined
with the pattern recognition method was used to screen biomarkers and metabolic pathways related to
CIPN. The results of pathway analyses were verified by protein blotting experiments.

Results:
A total of 29 potential biomarkers were identified and 13 metabolic pathways were found to be involved
in CIPN. In addition HGWWD reversed the levels of 19 biomarkers. Prostaglandin H2 and 17α,21-dihydroxypregnenolone
were targeted as core biomarkers.

Conclusion:
This study provides scientific evidence to support the finding that HGWWD mainly inhibits the
inflammatory response during CIPN by regulating arachidonic acid metabolism.
Network Pharmacology to Reveal the Mechanism of Fufang Banmao Capsule for Treating Unresectable Primary Liver Cancer and Clinical Data Validation
Authors: Hu Youwen , Xiao Yangyang , Wan Lijun , Wen Zhili 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Fufang Banmao capsule (FFBM), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to
treat primary liver cancer (PLC) for several years. However, the bioactive ingredients, and mechanism of
FFBM for treating PLC remains unclear. Our objective is to utilize network pharmacology to investigate these
aspects and subsequently validate their effectiveness through clinical data.

Materials and Methods:
The FFBM ingredients were obtained from the HERB database and screened for
bioactive ingredients using the SwissTargetPrediction database. The PharmMapper and GEO database were
used to acquire targets and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for FFBM and PLC, respectively. Common
targets were identified using Venn diagrams, followed by enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI)
analysis. Furthermore, the Cytoscape software was utilized to identify Hub genes and construct the ingredienttarget-
pathway network. Subsequently, patients diagnosed with unresectable PLC who underwent transcatheter
arterial chemoembolization (TACE) at our hospital between January 2008 and December 2019 were retrospectively
collected. Finally, Cox analysis was conducted to reveal the role of FFBM in the treatment of unresectable
PLC.

Results:
FFBM had 232 targets, and PLC had 1582 DEGs. HSP90AA1 and SRC were identified as crucial targets.
Alpha-santalol, glycyrrhizin, and morroniside were identified as the top three bioactive ingredients. Enrichment
analysis revealed a significant connection between FFBM utilization for treating PLC and multiple
pathways, such as chemical carcinogenesis, PI3K-AKT, Rap1, FoxO, MAPK, and VEGF pathway. Clinic data
revealed that consuming FFBM significantly improved the prognosis of unresectable PLC with a hazard ratio
of 0.69.

Conclusion:
Our study identified the bioactive ingredients of FFBM and its potential mechanisms for treating
PLC. Additionally, we validated the effectiveness through clinical data.
Ballota acetabulosa (L). Bentham: A First-Time GC-MS Analysis and Antioxidant Potential of its Essential Oil
Authors: Yazgan-Ekici Ayse Nur , Bakar-Ates Filiz , Aslan Erdem Sinem , Sever-Yilmaz Betul 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Ballota acetabulosa native to the Mediterranean region, belonging to
the Lamiaceae family, holds significance in folk medicine. Externally, it is applied for treating
cuts and burns, while internally, it is utilized to alleviate inflammation, suppress cough, and address
gastrointestinal issues.

Methods:
This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of the essential oil of Ballota
acetabulosa and to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the essential oil, as well as the aqueous
and ethanolic extracts of the plant. Essential oil analysis was performed using Gas Chromatography-
Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS), while 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical
scavenging activity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation assays were applied to the essential oil,
water, and ethanol extracts of the plant.

Results:
Spathulenol was found to be the predominant constituent of the essential oil, comprising
25.03% of the oil. Compared to the control group (Propyl gallate for DPPH, IC50 0.109;
BHT for inhibition of lipid peroxidation, IC50 0.133), the essential oil was found to have insignificant
antioxidant activity (IC50 value 10.395 mg/mL for DPPH, 1.051 mg/mL for inhibition of
lipid peroxidation). Moreover, ethanolic extract (IC50 value 1.583 mg/mL for DPPH, 0.029
mg/mL for inhibition of lipid peroxidation) exerted more antioxidant activity than aqueous extract
(IC50 value 1.9017 mg/mL for DPPH, 0.161 mg/mL for inhibition of lipid peroxidation).

Conclusion:
Hitherto, this is the earliest report on the composition and activity of the essential
oil Ballota acetabulosa. However, further investigation of different antioxidant capacity assays
is suggested to highlight potential variations in mechanisms of action and subsequent results.
Everything considered, this study advances the comprehension of the chemical composition and
possible therapeutic uses of Ballota acetabulosa, highlighting the need for more research into its
uses.
TCM@MPXV: A Resource for Treating Monkeypox Patients in
Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zhou Feiran , Zhang Pinglu , Zou Quan , Zhang Ying 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been extensively employed in
the treatment of Monkeypox Virus (MPXV) infections, and it has historically played a significant
role in combating diseases like contagious pox-like viral diseases in China.

Method:
Various traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapies have been recommended for patients
with monkeypox virus (MPXV). However, as far as we know, there is no comprehensive database
dedicated to preserving and coordinating TCM remedies for combating MPXV. To address
this gap, we introduce TCM@MPXV, a carefully curated repository of research materials focusing
on formulations with anti-MPXV properties. Importantly, TCM@MPXV extends its scope beyond
herbal remedies, encompassing mineral-based medicines as well.

Result:
The current iteration of TCM@MPXV boasts an impressive array of features, including (1)
Documenting over 42 types of TCM herbs, with more than 27 unique herbs; (2) Recording over 285
bioactivity compounds within these herbs; (3) Launching a user-friendly web server for the docking,
analysis, and visualization of 2D or 3D molecular structures; and (4) Providing 3D structures of
druggable proteins of MPXV.

Conclusion:
To summarize, TCM@MPXV presents a user-friendly and effective platform for recording,
querying, and viewing anti-MPXV TCM resources and will contribute to the development
and explanation of novel anti-MPXV mechanisms of action to aid in the ongoing battle against
monkeypox. TCM@MPXV is accessible for academic use at http://101.34.238.132:5000/.
A Study of the Effect of Bancha Green Tea Extract and Catechin Fraction
on Sildenafil Pharmacokinetics in Rats
Authors: Radeva-Ilieva Maya , Stoeva Stanila , Hvarchanova Nadezhda , Georgieva Marieta , Slavov Iliya , D. Georgiev Kaloyan 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Sildenafil is a drug that belongs to the group of phosphodiesterase-5
inhibitors. It is used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Sildenafil undergoes metabolism in the liver by CYP3A4 and CYP2C9. Therefore, drug interactions
may occur if sildenafil is taken simultaneously with CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 inhibitors such
as green tea catechins.

Objective:
The aim of the present work was to analyze epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and
caffeine content in total extract and catechin fraction from Bancha green tea leaves as well as to
assess their effect on sildenafil pharmacokinetics in rats.

Methods:
Animals received sildenafil alone and in combination with total Bancha green tea extract,
catechin fraction or ketoconazole (a well-known CYP3A4 inhibitor). The plant extracts and
the plasma concentrations of sildenafil were analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography.

Results:
Administration of sildenafil after pretreatment of the rats with total extract and catechin
fraction from Bancha green tea resulted in a statistically significant increase in Cmax, AUC0-t and
AUC0-inf and a decrease in the volume of distribution and clearance of sildenafil compared to the
control group. A significant increase in Cmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-inf of sildenafil was also observed
after simultaneous intake of sildenafil and ketoconazole.

Conclusion:
Co-administration of sildenafil and the isolated Bancha green tea extracts led to a
significant change in sildenafil pharmacokinetics in rats. Therefore, further, in vivo studies are
necessary to clarify the exact mechanisms responsible for the interactions established as well as
to evaluate the risk for clinically significant interactions in humans.
Vitamin B6 Via p-JNK/Nrf-2/NF-κB Signaling Ameliorates Cadmium Chloride-Induced Oxidative Stress Mediated Memory Deficits in Mice Hippocampus
Authors: Nasir Abdul , Ur Rahman Mujeeb , Khan Manzar , Zahid Muhammad , Shahab Muhammad , Jiao Hongjun , Zeb Amir , Shah Shahid Ali , Khan Haroon 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Cadmium chloride (Cd) is a pervasive environmental heavy metal pollutant
linked to mitochondrial dysfunction, memory loss, and genetic disorders, particularly in the context of
neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods:
This study investigated the neurotherapeutic potential of vitamin B6 (Vit. B6) in mitigating
Cd-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation-mediated synaptic and memory dysfunction.
Adult albino mice were divided into four groups: Control (saline-treated), Cd-treated, Cd+Vit. B6-
treated, and Vit. B6 alone-treated. Cd and Vit. B6 were administered intraperitoneally, and behavioral
tests (Morris Water Maze, Y-Maze) were conducted. Subsequently, western blotting, antioxidant assays,
blood glucose, and hyperlipidemia assessments were performed.

Results:
Cd-treated mice exhibited impaired cognitive function, while Cd+Vit. B6-treated mice
showed significant improvement. Cd-induced neurotoxic effects, including oxidative stress and neuroinflammation,
were observed, along with disruptions in synaptic proteins (SYP and PSD95) and activation
of p-JNK. Vit. B6 administration mitigated these effects, restoring synaptic and memory deficits.
Molecular docking and MD simulation studies confirmed Vit. B6's inhibitory effect on IL-1β,
NRF2, and p-JNK proteins.

Conclusion:
These results highlight Vit. B6 as a safe therapeutic supplement to mitigate neurodegenerative
disorders, emphasizing the importance of assessing nutritional interventions for combating environmental
neurotoxicity in the interest of public health.