bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microphthalmia transcription factor immunohistochemistry for FNA biopsy of ocular malignant melanoma
Authors: Perrino Carmen M. , Wang Jeff F. , Collins Brian T. 
Published: February 2015

BACKGROUNDMicrophthalmia transcription factor (MiTF) is a sensitive and specific immunohistochemistry (IHC) marker for malignant melanoma (MM) in surgical resections, but its utility in cytology specimens has not been extensively studied.METHODSA search of the pathology database identified fine‐needle aspiration biopsies signed out as MM or suspicious for MM (1998‐2012). The final diagnosis and the IHC results were recorded, and all slides were re‐reviewed. MiTF IHC (C5/D5 cocktail) was performed on alcohol‐fixed, Papanicolaou‐stained direct smears. Any amount of nuclear staining was considered positive. Staining was scored on a scale of 1 to 4 (1, 1%‐24%; 2, 25%‐49%; 3, 50%‐74%; 4, 75%‐100%).RESULTSTwo hundred seventy‐four cases were diagnosed as MM, and 24 were diagnosed as suspicious for MM. IHC staining was performed for 25% (69 of 274) of the MM cases and for 33% (8 of 24) of the cases suspicious for MM. MiTF IHC of Papanicolaou slides was performed for 37% (101 of 274) of the MM cases (positive, 82% [83 of 101]; negative, 4% [4 of 101]; noncontributory, 14% [14 of 101]) and for 33% (8 of 24) of the cases suspicious for MM (positive, 38% [3 of 8]; noncontributory, 62% [5 of 8]). The majority of positive staining was scored as 3 or 4. The sensitivity of MiTF on Papanicolaou‐stained slides was 95%.CONCLUSIONSMiTF is a useful IHC stain for the evaluation of ocular MM, and it is effective when it is performed on alcohol‐fixed, Papanicolaou‐stained aspirate smears. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2015;123:394‐400. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Synergetic Effects of Al3+ Doping and Graphene Modification on the Electrochemical Performance of V2O5 Cathode Materials
Authors: Zhu Kai , Qiu Hailong , Zhang Yongquan , Zhang Dong , Chen Gang , Wei Yingjin 
Published: February 2015

AbstractA series of V2O5‐based cathode materials that include V2O5 and Al0.14V2O5 nanoparticles, V2O5/reduced graphene oxide (RGO), and Al0.16V2O5/RGO nanocomposites are prepared by a simple soft chemical method. XRD and Raman scattering show that the Al ions reside in the interlayer space of the materials. These doping ions strengthen the VO bonds of the [VO5] unit and enhance the linkage of the [VO5] layers, which thus increases the structural stability of V2O5. SEM and TEM images show that the V2O5 nanoparticles construct a hybrid structure with RGO that enables fast electron transport in the electrode matrix. The electrochemical properties of the materials are studied by charge–discharge cycling, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Of all the materials tested, the one that contained both Al ions and RGO (Al0.16V2O5/RGO) exhibited the highest discharge capacity, the best rate capability, and excellent capacity retention. The superior electrochemical performance is attributed to the synergetic effects of Al3+ doping and RGO modification, which not only increase the structural stability of the V2O5 lattice but also improve the electrochemical kinetics of the material.
Altered interoceptive awareness in anorexia nervosa: Effects of meal anticipation, consumption and bodily arousal
Authors: Khalsa Sahib S. , Craske Michelle G. , Li Wei , Vangala Sitaram , Strober Michael , Feusner Jamie D. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTObjectiveImpaired interoceptive awareness (IA), the subjective perception of internal body sensations, has been proposed as a vulnerability or maintaining factor in anorexia nervosa (AN). We examined whether IA of heartbeat and breathing sensations was impaired in AN across a range of arousal levels, and whether it was influenced by meal anticipation and consumption. Method: IA was assessed using randomized, double‐blinded, bolus intravenous infusions of isoproterenol, a peripheral beta‐adrenergic sympathetic agonist, and saline. Fifteen women with AN and 15 age‐, and sex‐ matched healthy comparisons (HC) were evaluated before and after consumption of a 1,000 Calorie meal. During each infusion participants rated their moment‐to‐moment intensity of heartbeat and breathing sensations with a dial. To measure IA we evaluated interoceptive detection thresholds, retrospective ratings of palpitation and dyspnea intensity, and interoceptive accuracy via correlations between subjective dial ratings and observed heart rate responses. Results: Contrary to prediction the AN group was more likely to report detection of interoceptive sensations across all conditions, an effect driven by false discriminations at low arousal levels. Concordant with prediction, meal anticipation was associated with intensified interoceptive sensations, particularly dyspnea. There were no differences in interoceptive accuracy. Discussion: This represents the first demonstration of interoceptive prediction errors in AN. Although IA is unimpaired at high arousal levels in AN, prediction signals are abnormal at low arousal levels, especially during meal anticipation. Altered interoceptive prediction signaling during meal anticipation could contribute to phenotypes of high anxiety in AN or alternatively, might be explained by enhanced meal associated anxiety. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:889–897)
Bcl‐3 puts the brakes on contact hypersensitivity
Authors: Weighardt Heike , Förster Irmgard 
Published: February 2015

B‐cell lymphoma (Bcl)‐3 is a nonclassical member of the IκB protein family known to interact with transcriptionally inactive NF‐κB1 and NF‐κB2 homodimers to modulate gene expression. Besides its action as an oncoprotein, Bcl‐3 has been shown to have both proinflammatory and anti‐inflammatory functions depending on the cell‐type affected. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology, Tassi et al. [Eur. J. Immunol. 2015. 45: 1059–1068] report that Bcl‐3 inhibits the production of the proinflammatory chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 in keratinocytes, thereby restricting the influx of CD8+ effector T cells in a mouse model of allergic contact dermatitis. In addition, mice with a global deficiency of Bcl‐3 show enhanced ear swelling responses in the late phase of contact hypersensitivity responses. Besides keratinocytes, other radioresistant cell types appear to also utilize Bcl‐3 to dampen the inflammatory response. This Commentary will discuss the evidence supporting Bcl‐3 as a critical player in limiting inflammation during the later stages of contact hypersensitivity.
Three different active aldehydes induce the production of advanced lipoxidation end products upon incubation with bovine serum albumin
Authors: Li Wenjuan , Gao Haiyan , Mu Honglei , Chen Hangjun , Fang Xiangjun , Zhou Yongjun , Tao Fei 
Published: February 2015

Accumulation of advanced lipoxidation end products (ALEs) has been implicated in many chronic and degenerative diseases. In this study, we evaluated the effects of malondialdehyde (MDA), trans‐2‐heptenal, and trans,trans‐2,4‐heptadienal on the properties of native proteins and the formation of bovine serum albumin (BSA)–ALEs. Incubation of BSA with these aldehydes resulted in modification of Lys and Arg residues, conformational changes, and formation of colored, fluorescent, lipofuscin‐like pigments (exhibiting strong lipofuscin‐like fluorescence for MDA–BSA, but much weaker fluorescence for the other two aldehyde–BSA molecules). Moreover, the generated BSA–aldehyde complexes exhibited ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption, i.e., the MDA–BSA adduct exhibited increased UV–Vis absorbance at 290 and 400 nm, while the other two aldehyde–BSA molecules exhibited increased UV–Vis absorbance at 280 and 300–350 nm, respectively, and cross‐linking, similar to the characteristics of Maillard reaction products. The formation of aggregates was detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The variables measured above showed that heptadienal–BSA and heptenal–BSA samples exhibited both similarities and differences from MDA–BSA samples. These results provide insights into the characteristics and formation of ALEs in terms of their biochemical interactions and applications in food science.Practical applications: Advanced lipoxidation end products (ALEs) are known to be involved in many chronic and degenerative diseases. Here, we propose suitable protocols to characterize and compare ALEs derived from different secondary products of lipid oxidation. These results enhance our knowledge of the characteristics of ALEs and contribute to our understanding of the structure and formation of ALEs derived from different lipid oxidation products. Additionally, our results provide important insights into appropriate preventive or therapeutic measures to inhibit or reduce ALEs.Incubation of BSA with MDA, heptenal, and heptadienal resulted in modification of Lys and Arg residues, conformation changes, and formation of colored, fluorescent, lipofuscin‐like pigments and generation of BSA–aldehyde complexes exhibiting ultraviolet–visible and cross‐linking, similar to the characteristics of AGEs (Maillard reaction products).
Quantitative meta‐analysis of grey matter anomalies in neuropathic pain
Authors: Pan P.L. , Zhong J.G. , Shang H.F. , Zhu Y.L. , Xiao P.R. , Dai Z.Y. , Shi H.C. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing neuroimaging studies have revealed grey matter (GM) anomalies of several brain regions by voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) studies in patients with neuropathic pain. The changes have been suggested to be related to central sensitization. Our aim was to investigate concurrence across VBM studies to identify whether different subtypes of neuropathic pain share a common pathophysiological basis revealed by structural abnormalities.MethodsA systematic search of VBM studies of patients with neuropathic pain and healthy controls published in PubMed and Embase databases from January 2000 to March 2014 was conducted. A quantitative meta‐analysis of whole‐brain VBM studies in patients with neuropathic pain compared with healthy controls was performed by means of effect‐size signed differential mapping.ResultsTen studies comprising 240 patients with neuropathic pain and 263 healthy subjects were systematically included in the present study. Compared to healthy controls, the patients showed consistent decreased GM in bilateral anterior insula and thalamus, right superior frontal gyrus and left postcentral gyrus, and increased GM in right medial frontal gyrus and right posterior insula. The results remained largely unchanged in the following jackknife sensitivity analysis.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis shows strong evidence of brain GM anomalies within the pain matrix in patients with neuropathic pain compared with healthy subjects. Further studies are needed to determine whether the reported changes are specific to neuropathic pain or whether they may be common to other chronic pain.
Cultivation of Chlorella protothecoides in photobioreactors: The combined impact of photoperiod and CO2 concentration
Authors: Krzemińska Izabela , Nawrocka Agnieszka , Piasecka Agata , Jagielski Paweł , Tys Jerzy 
Published: February 2015

Algal biomass is regarded as an alternative source for producing renewable fuels, given the chemical nature of storage products: lipids, starch, and proteins. Many factors affecting the production of microalgal biomass and lipid accumulation include the light and CO2 concentration, i.e. critical factors for determination of the biochemical composition of microalgal biomass. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of three different light/dark photoperiods (12/12 h, 16/8 h, 24/0 h) and the CO2 concentration (from air and 5% v/v CO2‐enriched air) on the growth rate, productivity, and changes in the biochemical composition of Chlorella protothecoides biomass. Continuous illumination stimulated growth under supplementation of air CO2. At 5% CO2, the maximum C. protothecoides growth rate was found under 16/8 light/dark cycles and longer duration of light yielded a decrease in the specific growth rate. The photoperiods and CO2 concentrations influenced the biomass productivity. Chlorella protothecoides produced biomass more efficiently at the 24/0 and 16/8 light/dark cycles under supplementation of air CO2 than at addition of 5% CO2. However, under the 12/12 light/dark cycle, biomass productivity was higher at 5% CO2. The light photoperiod greater than 16 h did not increase biomass productivity. These factors also influenced the content of lipids and carbohydrates. A maximal lipid content was observed for the 24‐h photoperiod for air CO2, whereas the addition of 5% CO2 affected lipid and carbohydrate production.
Effect of earthquake‐induced axial load fluctuations on asymmetric frame–wall–rocking foundation systems
Authors: Liu Weian , Hutchinson Tara C. , Kutter Bruce L. , Gavras Andreas G. , Hakhamaneshi Manouchehr 
Published: February 2015

SummaryFluctuations in axial load imposed on a rocking footing will affect its moment capacity, the shape of its moment–rotation hysteresis, and potentially the system's seismic performance. Structural asymmetry increases the likelihood of axial load variation during earthquake excitations. To investigate this issue, a unique centrifuge testing program was carried out on low‐rise frame–wall–rocking foundation systems. In this paper, the seismic behaviors of asymmetric and symmetric models from this test program are systematically compared. Experimental results reveal that placing the lateral force resisting shear wall outboard produces significant axial load fluctuation, which in turn greatly deteriorate the lateral load‐carrying capacity of a foundation rocking dominated frame–wall system, particularly in its weak direction. However, it strengthens the system when loading is towards the shear wall, leading to a highly asymmetric hysteretic response. During earthquake loading, all asymmetric rocking foundation systems observe smaller peak roof accelerations, but larger peak and permanent roof drifts compared with the symmetric systems. Despite these differences in response, the axial load fluctuation and structural asymmetry do not significantly change the relative energy dissipated by the rocking foundations and inelastic structural components within each frame–wall–rocking foundation model. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Role of Sox9 in Growth Factor Regulation of Articular Chondrocytes
Authors: Shi Shuiliang , Wang Congrong , Acton Anthony J. , Eckert George J. , Trippel Stephen B. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTChondrogenic polypeptide growth factors influence articular chondrocyte functions that are required for articular cartilage repair. Sox9 is a transcription factor that regulates chondrogenesis, but its role in the growth factor regulation of chondrocyte proliferation and matrix synthesis is poorly understood. We tested the hypotheses that selected chondrogenic growth factors regulate sox9 gene expression and protein production by adult articular chondrocytes and that sox9 modulates the actions of these growth factors. To test these hypotheses, we delivered insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I), fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF‐2), bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) and/or bone morphogenetic protein‐7 (BMP‐7), or their respective transgenes to adult bovine articular chondrocytes, and measured changes in sox9 gene expression and protein production. We then knocked down sox9 gene expression with sox9 siRNA, and measured changes in the expression of the genes encoding aggrecan and types I and II collagen, and in the production of glycosaminoglycan, collagen and DNA. We found that FGF‐2 or the combination of IGF‐I, BMP‐2, and BMP‐7 increased sox9 gene expression and protein production and that sox9 knockdown modulated growth factor actions in a complex fashion that differed both with growth factors and with chondrocyte function. The data suggest that sox9 mediates the stimulation of matrix production by the combined growth factors and the stimulation of chondrocyte proliferation by FGF‐2. The mitogenic effect of the combined growth factors and the catabolic effect of FGF‐2 appear to involve sox9‐independent mechanisms. Control of these molecular mechanisms may contribute to the treatment of cartilage damage. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1391–1400, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Racial disparity in survival from early breast cancer in the department of defense healthcare system
Authors: Rizzo Julie A. , Sherman William E. , Arciero Cletus A. 
Published: February 2015

BackgroundRacial disparity is often identified as a factor in survival from breast cancer in the United States. Current data regarding survival in patients treated in the Department of Defense Military Healthcare System is lacking.MethodsThe Department of Defense Automated Central Tumor Registry (ACTUR) was queried for all women diagnosed with Stage I or II breast cancer from January 1, 1996 through December 31, 2008. Statistical analyses evaluated demographics, surgical treatment, tumor stage, and survival rates.ResultsThere were 8,890 patients meeting inclusion criteria. Patients who were younger, Asian American (versus white or black), lower T and/or N stage had significantly improved survival rates. Interestingly, white and black patients demonstrated similar survival in this study. Patients with a longer period of time between diagnosis and treatment had no decrement in survival. As would be expected, patients with a longer recurrence free period enjoyed longer survival.ConclusionsSurvival from early stage breast cancer is equivalent between white and black patients in the Department of Defense Healthcare System. This finding is contrary to reports from our civilian counterparts and may be indicative of improved access to care and overall improved cancer surveillance. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:819–823. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparative outcomes of different endovenous thermal ablation systems on great and small saphenous vein insufficiency: Long‐term results
Authors: Weiss Robert A. , Weiss Margaret A. , Eimpunth Sasima , Wheeler Sandra , Udompunturak Suthipol , Beasley Karen L. 
Published: February 2015

Background and ObjectiveThis study examined the outcomes of over a decade of endovenous thermal ablation (EVTA) treatments for great and small saphenous vein (GSV and SSV) insufficiency, utilizing three different endovenous thermal ablation systems.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study reviewed EVTA treatments performed at an outpatient clinic (MDLSVI) from April 1999 to February 2013. Systems included 810 nm diode (hemoglobin targeting), 1,320 nm laser (water targeting) and a radiofrequency (direct thermal transfer) (RF) device. Clinical and ultrasonographic evaluation were performed before treatment and at each follow‐up visit. Patients were examined yearly by Duplex ultrasonography. Success was defined as complete absence of reflux.ResultsAnalysis of 934 treatments demonstrated that although recanalization could occur over time, endovenous ablation has a very high success rate. Ablation rates were 92.5%, 85.9%, and 71.9% at 6‐months, 1‐year, and 5‐years after procedures. Recanalization occurred in 156 out of 934 treatments (16.7%) during the follow‐up period. Among three difference systems, the total ablation success rate was significantly different (P < 0.001). The 1,320 nm Nd:YAG laser (n = 502) provided the highest ablation rate compared to the radiofrequency (n = 398) and 810 nm diode (n = 34) throughout their follow‐up period, which were 8, 13, and 9 years, respectively. At 1‐year follow‐up, successful ablation rates of RF, 810 nm, and 1,320 nm were 78.2%, 80.8%, and 93.7%, respectively. At 5‐year follow‐up, successful ablation rates of RF, 810 nm, and 1,320 nm were 61.7%, 65.7%, and 84.7%, respectively.ConclusionEVTA is very effective for ablation of the GSV and SSV. Complete ablation varied significantly among different systems with water targeting 1,320 nm providing the highest incidence saphenous vein ablation. This remained durable at 8‐year follow‐up by Duplex ultrasound. Lasers Surg. Med. 47:156–160, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Eight‐tap transversal filter using a multiwavelength optical source and a dispersive fiber
Authors: Kwon Won‐Bae , Choi Yong‐Kyu , Park Chang‐Soo 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTWe propose and experimentally demonstrate an eight‐tap transversal filter using a multiwavelength optical source and a dispersive fiber. The multiple wavelengths corresponding to taps are generated by combining broadband optical sources with the arrayed waveguide gratings providing equal wavelength spacing. This method has the advantage of providing a constant time delay between taps together with a dispersive medium (i.e., fiber). The free spectral range (FSR) of the filter is changed by controlling the fiber length. The experimental results showed an FSR of 7.03 GHz and a main to secondary sidelobe ratio of 12.1 dB with 0.8‐nm wavelength spacing, and 3.46 GHz and 13.4 dB with 1.6‐nm wavelength spacing, respectively. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:942–945, 2015
Circularly polarized magnetic dipole antenna with shallow and embedded structure for airborne GPS applications
Authors: Huang Wei , Sun Ling , Sun Baohua , Sun Qiao 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTA new circularly polarized magnetic dipole antenna with shallow and embedded structure is designed for operation at the global positioning system (GPS) L2 band. The antenna consists of two pairs of orthogonal magnetic dipoles and a simple microstrip feed structure. The four sides of the antenna are grounded with sheet metals, leading to the antenna being insensitive to the surrounding environment. It forms a closed and firm box. The proposed antenna can be integrated with the metallic aircraft without any gaps. It has a low profile of only 0.04
, where
is the free‐space wavelength of the GPS L2 band (1227.5 MHz). A prototype has been designed, fabricated and found to have an impedance bandwidth of 5.92% and a 3‐dB axial‐ratio bandwidth of about 2.61% at GPS frequency of 1227.5 MHz. In addition, a model which includes the proposed antenna and a metallic aircraft is simulated. The results show that the metallic aircraft has small effect on the antenna. The antenna is suitable for airborne GPS applications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:902–906, 2015
Parameter designing to improve the energy efficiency of quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifier
Authors: Yu Kuanglu , Wu Chongqing , Zhang Limei , Wang Zhi , Liu Guodong , Zhao Yao 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTWe theoretically analyze the performance and gain properties of the quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifier's (QD‐SOA) performance using a three‐state mode and a universal two‐level model. Although the first model describes the semiconductor optical amplifier's (SOA's) behavior with the photon numbers and the other in optical powers, these two are found to have a same format and the second one can also well describe the QD‐SOA's behavior. Then, the QD‐SOA's energy efficiency's dependence on its active region length is deduced with the two‐level model; theoretical results indicate that the SOA's maximal energy efficiency climbs with input optical power while the energy‐efficient active region length decreases linearly with increase of the power in dBm. Experimental results show that the efficiency optimized input power is proportional with the SOA's work current and saturation power just as predicted. These theory and experimental results may be guidelines for the energy‐efficient SOA designing and applications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:896–901, 2015