bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Charge‐transfer‐induced doping at an electron donor (α‐sexithiophene)/acceptor (C60) interface and mobility improvement
Authors: Park Byoungnam , Park Jonghoo 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe studied various aspects relating to surface charge‐transfer‐induced doping at an organic/organic interface using in situ electrical measurements with a field‐effect transistor (FET) during the formation of the electron donor/acceptor interface. Adsorption of the electron‐accepting molecules (C60) on top of the electron donating molecules (α‐6T) led to an increase in the FET hole mobility in an α‐6T film. Under illumination, the FET hole mobility in the α‐6T film with C60 deposition was significantly increased in comparison with that in the dark due to exciton dissociation at the C60/α‐6T interface, resulting in a large threshold voltage shift. The origin of the mobility increase is explained by the multiple trapping and release (MTR) model in which the mobility is determined by the carrier density. Various phenomena relevant to charge transfer and charge transport at the organic/organic interface are reported and their origins are discussed. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effect of Mg2+ co‐doping on the scintillation performance of LuAG:Ce ceramics
Authors: Liu Shuping , Feng Xiqi , Zhou Zhiwei , Nikl Martin , Shi Yun , Pan Yubai 
Published: November 2013

AbstractCe‐doped Lu3Al5O12 optical ceramics co‐doped with Mg2+ are fabricated by solid‐state reaction method and further optimized by an air‐annealing process. Mg2+ co‐doping leads to a significant decrease of thermoluminescence intensity above room temperature and an increase of scintillation light yield (LY) value and fast component content even if the overall scintillation efficiency decreases. Scintillation LY of ∼21900 ph/MeV has been achieved with a short shaping time of 1 μs, and the ratio of LY values for 1 μs and 10 μs shaping times was as high as 79%. The acceleration of scintillation response induced by Mg2+ co‐doping and the role of Ce4+ ions in the scintillation mechanism are discussed.magnified image(© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Enhanced two‐photon luminescence from nanoporous gold capped with microcontact‐printed salts
Authors: Wi Jung‐Sub , Park Joo Hyun , Tominaka Satoshi , Lee Jae Yong 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe report that a nanoporous Au film capped with a dielectric surface layer enables the effective absorption of near‐infrared light and intense emission of two‐photon luminescence. In this approach, nanoscale pores in Au are incorporated by chemical dissolution and microscale surface patterns are added on the nanoporous Au by microcontact print lithography. Electromagnetic simulation shows that the strong local electric fields are concentrated in the vicinity of nanopores in the Au film and are further increased by the surface dielectric patterns, which leads to a 40‐fold increase in the intensity of the two‐photon luminescence, as verified by photoemission measurement. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A specific method of 34S labelling provides evidence that sulphate assimilation occurs in developing seeds and pod walls of Brassica napus L. subjected to ample or limited S nutrition
Authors: D'Hooghe Philippe , Bataillé Marie‐Paule , Trouverie Jacques , Avice Jean‐Christophe 
Published: November 2013

RATIONALESeeds from different species actively assimilate sulphur (S) from sulphate. This has never been proved for Brassica napus L., a high S demanding plant, especially with regard to S limitation. The role of pod walls in the assimilation and allocation of S in well‐fed and sulphate‐limited conditions also needs to be clarified.METHODSFreshly harvested seeds and pod walls from plants well‐supplied (HS) or limited with sulphate (LS) from the 'visible buds' stage were subjected to a nutrient solution containing 34S‐sulphate (10 atom% excess) for 24 h. The 34S labelling of the sulphate and protein fractions was determined with an elemental analyser connected to a continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometer. The amino acid profiles of seeds and pod walls were also determined by ion‐exchange chromatography.RESULTSThe 24 h of 34S‐sulphate feeding treatment leads to an important production of proteins in HS and LS seeds, associated with a decrease in numerous amino acid contents. The treatment also leads to an incorporation of 34S in seeds and pod walls proteins in both HS and LS conditions. The incorporation of 34S in proteins was not different between HS and LS seeds, but was lower in LS than in HS pod walls, related to a higher incorporation in the other organic S compounds.CONCLUSIONSThis study provides evidence that Brassica napus seeds and pod walls are able to assimilate sulphate in HS and LS conditions, and that the LS condition leads to enhancement of the sulphate assimilation capacity of pod walls, which may be of crucial importance for the allocation of S to developing seeds. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Combined phospho‐ and glycoproteome enrichment in nephrocalcinosis tissues of phytate‐fed rats
Authors: Tran TrangHuyen , Park Jong‐Moon , Kim Ok‐Hee , Kim Bora , Choi Do‐young , Lee JeongHwa , Kim KwangPyo , Oh Byung‐Chul , Lee Hookeun 
Published: November 2013

RATIONALEProtein post‐translational modifications (PTMs) are directly involved in protein function and cellular activities. Among them, glycosylation and phosphorylation are particularly important modifications on proteins located at extracellular and intracellular domains, respectively. However, the combined detection using phospho‐ and glycoproteomics is limited mainly due to protocol differences.METHODSIn this study, we developed a novel method for both phospho‐ and glycoproteome detection from a single sample batch, in which a titanium dioxide cartridge was used to capture the phosphoproteome, and the flow‐through solution was processed for capturing N‐linked glycopeptides using hydrazide resin.RESULTSBy using 1 mg of protein from kidney tissue lysates from normal and diseased rats, we concurrently identified 437 glycosites/358 phosphosites and 468 glycosites/369 phosphosites in normal and disease kidneys, respectively, by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric analysis.CONCLUSIONSCompared with individual PTM analyses, the combined PTM analysis clearly provides more broad implications for PTMs related to the pathological status and discovery of biomarker candidates. Furthermore, the combined protocol thoroughly showed its advantages in enrichment efficiency and biological interpretation compared with current methods. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitative analysis of polysorbates 20 and 40 by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Qi , Meng Yang , Yang Huaxin , Xiao Xinyue , Li Xiaodong 
Published: November 2013

RATIONALEPolysorbates are nonionic surfactants that consist primarily of fatty acid esters of polyethoxy sorbitan. This study proved that polysorbates can be quantitatively analyzed by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS). Using MALDI‐TOF MS, relative intensity and concentration ratios were correlated, and extensive research was conducted to understand the influencing factors.METHODSPolysorbate 20 and 40 were mixed in the desired ratios and irradiated with a N2 laser. MALDI‐TOF mass spectra were recorded in positive ion mode to test the linearity. All commercial polysorbates were analyzed to determine the relative concentration of the components using the same method.RESULTSThe relative peak intensity ratio as a function of the relative concentration ratio was analyzed, and a reasonably good linearity (R2 = 0.987 for polysorbate 20) was obtained. This study illustrates the process of converting the analyte signal response into the concentration, supporting the notion that quantitative MALDI‐TOF MS can be used to analyze polymers. MALDI‐TOF MS analysis of commercial polysorbate formulations revealed a complex mixture of oligomers that was related to the fatty acid composition.CONCLUSIONSPolysorbates 20 and 40 were characterized, and the simultaneous quantitative analysis of polysorbate 20 was reported. This method requires no tedious sample pretreatment. Therefore, it is a promising method for the rapid simultaneous quantitation of polysorbates 20 and 40. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reagent assessment for detection of ammonium ion‐molecule complexes
Authors: Gregory Kerin E. , Ostrinskaya Alla , Kunz Roderick R. 
Published: November 2013

RATIONALEAmmonia (NH3) is an important chemical target in sensor applications such as trace explosives detection of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) and environmental monitoring. Ion‐molecule reagent chemistries show potential to increase sensitivity in detection systems relying on atmospheric pressure ionization (API) of reagent‐ammonium (M + NH4+) complexes. Gas‐phase reagent selection assessment is based on mass spectrometric (MS) determination of binding constants relative to competitive ions and critical energies for ion‐molecule complex dissociation.METHODSEight ammonium complexation reagents were identified and gas‐phase ion‐molecule interactions were studied using electrospray ionization. Binding constants were determined, in Log(K), using the competition method for one host molecule with three guests (NH4+, Na+, and K+) in single quadrupole MS. Critical energy determination was based on calibration of threshold activation voltage using collision‐induced dissociation (CID) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS).RESULTSThis assessment informs selective binding affinity and intrinsic ion‐molecule critical energy for dissociation. Relative NH4+ binding affinity was highest for sucrose and 4‐tert‐butylcalix[6]arene, while 4‐tert‐butylcalix[6]arene and methyl acetoacetate showed the highest preferential binding of NH4+ versus Na+ and K+. The intrinsic critical energy for NH4+ binding was highest for crown ethers, tetraglyme and methyl acetoacetate.CONCLUSIONSAn MS‐based framework was developed to quantitatively assess API ion‐molecule reagent chemistries based on ammonium selectivity versus competing ions, and intrinsic ammonium binding strength and complex survivability for detection. Methyl acetoacetate is an attractive ammonium reagent for vapor‐phase API techniques given its high vapor pressure, preferential selectivity, and high critical energy for dissociation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stabilisierung von Bauteilen durch Sandwichelemente – Kopplung mit quasi‐starren Auflagern
Authors: Käpplein Saskia , Misiek Thomas 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDie Kopplung von stabilitätsgefährdeten Bauteilen wie Pfetten und Wandriegel mit quasi‐starren Auflagern über Sandwichelemente führt zu einer deutlichen Erhöhung der zur Stabilisierung ansetzbaren Schubsteifigkeit. Die rechnerische Ermittlung des zusätzlichen Anteils der Schubsteifigkeit sowie der Nachweis der zugehörigen Verbindungen werden eingeführt und an einem Beispiel verdeutlicht.Stabilization of the supporting structure by sandwich panels – Coupling with quasi‐rigid supports. Coupling purlins and side rails prone to stability failure with quasi‐rigid supports via sandwich panels leads to a distinct increase in shear stiffness. The determination of the additional part of the shear stiffness and the corresponding proofs for the connections are introduced and explained with an example.
Revision 1 zur EN 14509: Selbsttragende Sandwichelemente – Änderungen und Neuerungen
Authors: Berner Klaus , Pfaff Ute 
Published: November 2013

AbstractFür Sandwichelemente mit beidseitigen Metalldeckschichten und zwischenliegender Dämmschicht besteht die europäische Norm EN 14509. Es handelt sich hierbei um eine Produktnorm mit Vorgaben für die Bemessung. Aufgrund der Erfahrungen bei der Anwendung der bestehenden EN 14509 wurden, insbesondere bei der Durchführung der Prüfungen und dem Erstellen von CE‐Zeichen, eine Reihe von Änderungen, Ergänzungen und zusätzlichen Angaben als erforderlich erachtet. Es wurde eine erste Revision der EN 14509 in Abstimmung mit den Herstellern von Sandwichelementen erarbeitet. Im Folgenden wird auf die Änderungen und Neuerungen eingegangen und diese kommentiert sowie teilweise mit Beispielen erläutert.Revision 1 to EN 14509 – Changes and news. There is the European standard EN 14509 that covers sandwich panels with metal faces on both sides and an insulation core in between. It is a product standard with requirements for the design. Due to experience in the application of the existing EN 14509, especially with testing and making CE‐labels there raised the need for changings, amendments and additional information. The first revision of EN 14509 was made with participation of the producer of sandwich panels. In the following the changings and new parts will be described, comments are given, partly with examples.
Optimierung von Sandwichwandbauteilen
Authors: Kurpiela Aneta , Lange Jörg 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDas Ziel der durchgeführten Optimierung liegt darin, die mechanischen und geometrischen Eigenschaften der Sandwichbauteile so auf einander anzupassen, dass sich eine möglichst hohe Tragfähigkeit der Elemente ergibt. Gleichzeitig werden die entstehenden Materialkosten berücksichtigt. Eine parallele Berücksichtigung der Tragfähigkeit und der Materialkosten führt zu einer Mehrzieloptimierung mit zwei konkurrierenden Zielen. Zusätzlich fließen die Gegebenheiten, die aus den Produktionsprozessen und der Anwendung der Paneele resultieren, in die Berechnungen als Randbedingungen ein. Der Aufsatz basiert auf [1], wobei es sich um eine Optimierung von Sandwichwandbauteilen mit einem PUR‐Kern und Stahldeckschichten handelt.Optimization of wall sandwich panels. The aim of the conducted optimization is an adjustment of the mechanical und geometrical properties of sandwich panels in a way that a high load bearing capacity of the elements can be achieved. At the same time the emerging material costs shall be considered. A simultaneous consideration of load bearing capacity and material costs causes an optimization problem with two competitive objectives. Conditions coming from the production processes and the use of the panels are intergraded in the optimization calculations as constraints. This article is based on [1], where an optimization of wall sandwich panels with a PUR‐core and steel cover sheets is done.
Neue Überdachungen für die Eingangstore der Messe Frankfurt – adaptive Geometrie und ortspezifische Tragwerke
Authors: Schrader Ingo , Weilandt Agnes 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDie Messe Frankfurt lobte im Jahr 2008 einen Architekturwettbewerb für den Entwurf der Neugestaltung der Eingangssituation zum Messegelände aus. Für die Tore Süd und Nord sollten jeweils ein Wachgebäude und eine Überdachung als Ersatz für die bisherigen provisorischen Wachcontainer entworfen werden. Ziel war es, zum einen das Wachpersonal besser vor Wind und Wetter zu schützen und zum anderen die neuen Zufahrten als ein weithin sichtbares Zeichen zu akzentuieren.Der Siegerentwurf des Architekten Ingo Schrader, Berlin, der in enger Zusammenarbeit mit den Tragwerksplanern Bollinger Grohmann entstand, sah für die beiden Standorte jeweils ein kreisförmiges Dach von ca. 25 m Durchmesser vor, das auf pyramidenförmigen Stützen ruhte (s. Bild 3). Ein Kreis bietet eine maßstabslose, signifikante Form. Innerhalb der Rechteckbauten der Messe hebt sie sich ab und harmoniert mit der Vielzahl von unregelmäßigen geometrischen Formen der Verkehrsbauwerke und den unterschiedlichen Richtungen, die an den Standorten der Messetore zusammenlaufen.So bildet die Dachform Orientierung und ein Zeichen für das Messegelände, das sowohl auf dem Lageplan als auch räumlich funktioniert. Daher wurde für beide Standorte die gleiche Dachform gewählt, die sich jedoch in ihrem Tragwerk sichtbar individuell an die jeweilige Situation anpasst. Die Tragstruktur des Daches wurde mithilfe eines Rechenmodells generiert, das die Anordnung und Bauhöhe der Träger ausgehend von den möglichen Stützenstandorten und dem sich daraus ergebenden Kräfteverlauf ermittelte.Der Entwurf für ein weiteres Dach mit einem rechteckigen Grundriss für das Tor West folgte unmittelbar im Anschluss an den Wettbewerbsgewinn. Im weiteren Verlauf wurde die Realisierung der Dächer der Tore West und Süd zurückgestellt und zunächst nur der Entwurf für Tor Nord weiterentwickelt.
Transitioning Research to Operations: Transforming the “Valley of Death” Into a “Valley of Opportunity”
Authors: Merceret Francis J. , O'Brien T. P. , Roeder William P. , Huddleston Lisa L. , Bauman William H. , Jedlovec Gary J. 
Published: November 2013

Key Points

R2O succeeds with budget and management independent of research and operations
R2O flourishes when scope and staffing are limited to R2O
R2O benefits from direct tasking by and teaming with customers
Effects of chlorpyrifos on the transcription of CYP3A cDNA, activity of acetylcholinesterase, and oxidative stress response of goldfish (Carassius auratus)
Authors: Ma Junguo , Liu Yang , Niu Daichun , Li Xiaoyu 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTChlorpyrifos (CPF) is the widely used organophosphate pesticide in agriculture throughout the world. It has been found that CPF is relatively safe to human but highly toxic to fish. In this study, acute toxicity of CPF on goldfish was determined and then the transcription of goldfish cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A was evaluated after 96 h of CPF exposure at concentrations of 15.3 [1/10 50% lethal concentration (LC50)] or 51 μg L−1 (1/3 LC50) of CPF. Meanwhile, the enzymatic activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), total antioxidant activity (T‐AOC), and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver or brain of goldfish were also determined. The results of acute toxicity testing showed that the 96‐h LC50 of CPF to the goldfish was 153 μg L−1. Moreover, a length sequence of 1243 bp CYP3A cDNA encoding for 413 amino acids from goldfish liver was cloned. Polymerase chain reaction results reveal that CPF exposure downregulates CYP 3A transcription in goldfish liver, suggesting that goldfish CYP 3A may be not involved in CPF bioactivation. Finally, the results of biochemical assays indicate that 96 h of CPF exposure remarkably inhibits AChE activity in fish liver or brain, alters hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities, decreases brain T‐AOC, and causes lipid peroxidation in fish liver. These results suggest that oxidative stress might be involved in CPF toxicity on goldfish. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 422–429, 2015.
Lithium‐cyclopropylethinylamidinates
Authors: Sroor Farid M. A. , Hrib Cristian G. , Hilfert Liane , Edelmann Frank T. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA series of six new lithium‐cyclopropylethinylamidinates, Li[c‐C3H5–C≡C–C(NR)2]·S (R = iPr, S = Et2O (2a), THF (2b), DME (2c); R = cyclohexyl (Cy), S = Et2O (3a), THF (3b), DME (3c)) were prepared and fully characterized. The synthetic protocol involves in situ‐deprotonation of commercially available cyclopropylacetylene followed by treatment with either N,N′‐diisopropylcarbodiimide or N,N′‐dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. The cyclopropyl substituent exerts a significant influence on the 13C NMR spectroscopic shift of the acetylenic carbon atom to which it is bound. X‐ray diffraction studies of 2b and 3b revealed that in the solid state the new lithium amidinates adopt ladder‐type dimeric molecular structures.
Co‐crystals based on 1,2,4,5‐Benzenetetracarboxylic Acid: Synthesis, Supramolecular Frameworks and Optical Properties
Authors: Wang Jun‐Jie , Zhang Dao‐Jun , Zhang Ren‐Chun , Jin Huan‐Huan , Gao Xiao‐Fang 
Published: November 2013

AbstractTwo new co‐crystals based on 1,2,4,5‐benzenetetracarboxylic acid, (H2BETC)(H4tpim)](NO3) (1) and [(H4BETC)0.5(H2BETC)0.5(HVB4)](H2O) (2) [H4BETC = 1,2,4,5‐benzenetetracarboxylic acid, Htpim = 2,4,5‐tri(4‐pyridyl)‐imidazole, and VB4 = adenine], were synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, and X‐ray powder diffraction analysis. Compounds 1 and 2 were further assembled to form 3D supramolecular frameworks with 1D channels by intermolecular C–H···O, O–H···O, and N–H···O hydrogen‐bonding interactions. The results reveal that the structural differences of 1 and 2 may be attributed to different molecular components. Moreover, the UV/Vis and luminescent spectra of ligands and corresponding compounds were briefly investigated.
Evaluation and Management of Periprosthetic Joint Infection–an International, Multicenter Study
Authors: Shanmugasundaram Saseendar , Ricciardi Benjamin F. , Briggs Timothy W. R. , Sussmann Patrick S. , Bostrom Mathias P. 
Published: November 2013

Background Controversies still exist regarding the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in patients with prosthetic joint infections (PJI). Questions/Purposes How effective are preoperative and intraoperative cultures in isolating organisms and how do these culture results compare to one another? What are the results of surgical treatment of PJI in the hip and knee in an international, tertiary referral center cohort? Patients and Methods One hundred sixteen patients ( N = 59 hip PJI, N = 57 knee PJI) were recruited prospectively to registries at three international, tertiary referral centers between December 2008 to November 2011. Retrospective review of prospective registry data including demographics, microbiology results, and operative reports was performed. Results Preoperative synovial fluid aspiration yielded an organism in only 45.2% and 44.4% of cases, respectively, for knee and hip PJI. False-negative rates of preoperative aspiration relative to intraoperative culture were 56% and 46% in hip and knee PJI, respectively, with discordance rates of 25% and 21.4%, respectively. Rates of negative intraoperative cultures were 15% in hip PJI and 20.7% in knee PJI. Open debridement with prosthetic retention was the most common initial revision procedure performed (48.3% of hip PJI and 63.8% of knee PJI). This method of revision was successful in 41.3% of hip PJI and 59.4% of knee PJI. Initial failure rates for prosthetic revision was lower than debridement with prosthetic retention but remained substantial in both hip PJI (initial success of one-stage exchange 60% and two-stage exchange 70%) and knee PJI (initial success of one-stage exchange 80% and two-stage exchange 75%). Conclusion Diagnosis and treatment of PJI remains challenging with difficulty in isolating the offending organism and with high rates of prosthetic revision and initial treatment failures. Future advances in organism isolation and international standardization of treatment protocols may improve patient outcomes.