bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovative Seismic Acquisition Technologies in the Far North and Arctic Seas
Authors: Tomashin Denis , Gorbachev Sergey 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
In the extreme conditions of the Far North and Arctic seas any geological prospecting and survey work is highly labour-intensive and expensive. Thus, an enlargement of the resource base and reasonable drilling potential needs a high-quality and comprehensive survey.
The main negative factors for surveying in the Far North are: –the long winters with hard frosts, for which many types of equipment conditions and machinery are not designed;–difficulties with delivery of equipment and personnel in the work areas (absence of roads). The volume and weight of the equipment imposes particular demands.–absence of developed infrastructure in the research regions.–and other factors.
Seismic researches in Northern and Arctic sees also have certain limitations. Amongst others are: –short ice-free period, i.e. depending on the region it can be from 30 to 90 days;–absence of ports and servicing parks and refueling facilities for vessels;–high specialists standards for ice-breaking potential survey boats and support vessels;–reduction of the Russian ice-breaker fleet.–and other factors.
Therefore, the methods and technologies of the field works should be chosen with discretion. Technical and economic conditions should be considered fully in advance, getting maximum information during the survey.
Methods and technologies of geophysical research are very varied.
There are: gravity prospecting, magnetometer measurements and electrical methods, as well as seismic survey. In order to get reliable information about the subsurface resources structure and a map of rock structure during the search for hydrocarbon accumulation it is necessary to make 2D and 3D seismic surveys.
Seismic surveys are an expensive method, so they demand higher quality and more reliable information.
There are many different techniques, technologies and equipment for undertaking a seismic survey. Correctly chosen methodologies, technologies determine the efficiency of geophysical research. They will give comprehensive information about the field explored.
Also, we should not forget about equipment. During recent decades there has been huge progress in the development of electronic systems, their accuracy and autonomy. Therefore, planning the work is essential when using the most modern equipment, which equipment increases the accuracy, reliability and completeness of the data.
Successful Application of Special Log Interpretation Methodology for Estimation of Petrophysical Properties of Thin-Bedded Reservoirs of Vikulovskaya Layers of Krasnoleninskoe Oilfield
Authors: Martinov M E , Kozlov A V , Leskin F Y , Filimonov A Y , Ezersky D M , Egorov S S , Blinov V A , Weinheber P.. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The Vikulovskaya formation of Western Siberia is characterized by thinly-bedded, sand-shale layers. The vertical thickness of these layers ranges from a few millimeters to a few centimeters. This layered feature presents well known challenges for petrophysical analysis from standard logging suite data. These layers are typically beyond the vertical resolution of the standard tools so net-to-gross cannot be derived directly. The shale layers suppress the resistivity readings in the oil strata and the resulting low resistivity contrast makes it difficult to determine the oil-water contact. Finally, the ability to resolve the individual sand layers makes it impossible to accurately determine their water saturation.
In this paper we discuss how these challenges were surmounted when performing a petrophysical evaluation of a dataset acquired in a recently drilled well in the Krasnoleninskoe field. This dataset consisted of full bore core and traditional ‘triple combo’ data. Additionally, we had NMR data, high resolution micro-imager data and formation tester pressure and fluid analysis data. By combining the measurements from the traditional tools with the resolution of the micro-imager data we were able estimate the desired petrophysical properties of the thinly-bedded layers individually. By using tools with different physics we were able to realize an independent quality control of the interpretation: stationary NMR measurements were used as porosity and irreducible water saturation reference, and formation tester data of direct inflow composition were used as a reference for fluid saturations. As a final check on our method we performed a digital integration of core and micro-imager data to validate our findings. The resultant workflow is concisely explained such that it can be easily applied to similar evaluation environments.
The Borehole Gravity Meter: Development and Results
Authors: Nind Chris J. , MacQueen Jeffrey D. , Wasylechko Roman 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Borehole Gravity (BHGM) measurements are passive observations of the gravity field beneath the surface. The BHGM responds to the bulk density of a large rock volume surrounding the borehole, which is orders of magnitude larger than the volume sampled by nuclear logs or cores.
A summary of the corrections applied to BHGM measurements during processing as well as simplistic rules-of-thumb for interpreting BHGM data in a uniform host rock are presented. However, processing and interpretation of BHGM data are complicated by changes in the density of formations intersected by the borehole, and modeling and inversion yield more sophisticated solutions.
The first generation borehole gravity instrument was introduced in the 1960s and was suitable for large diameter petroleum wells. A second generation BHGM probe for mining and geotechnical applications was introduced in 2011. Using this recently developed probe several examples of BHGM data acquired in Canada and USA for mining exploration and CO2 sequestration are presented.
Using of Post-Critical Reflections in the Parametric Scanning of Reflections (PSR) Technique—Means of Obtaining Seismic Information in Complex Geological Conditions
Authors: Kondrashkov V.. , Glagolev A.. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This article is stated that in complex seismic geological conditions where it is hardly possible or even impossible to improve imaging – seismic data acquired at offsets of post-critical reflections zone offer hope of success.
PSR method suits for this purpose and processing system based on it –PROspect – allows to derive Vrms and obtain time and depth sections processing seismic data acquired at far offsets. This is demonstrated by the results of data processing, received in different geological conditions: Amazonian shelf, Kaspian low, zones of trappean complex of the East Siberia. "…additional positive results may be obtained with supercritical reflections. When recording of waves at the offset interval 5–7 H, where H – is the depth of the reflector"Pusyrev N.N.
Technical Considerations for Conducting Marine Seismic, Geotechnical and Site Surveys in Arctic Regions
Authors: Naylor Rob 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This paper builds on the experience of managing and supervising marine seismic, sites and geotechnical surveys in Arctic regions over several years. Projects are reviewed for the purpose of highlighting technical issues peculiar to operating in extreme latitudes. Data examples are taken from operations offshore Greenland and in the Russian Arctic carried out since 2008.
Technical aspects discussed include: issues with project planning/ ice monitoring; geodesy; the limitations of satellite navigation systems in high latitudes; variation in sound propagation velocity; seismic streamer compass performance and magnetic dip/ field strength issues. The relative impact of these issues in different high latitude operating environments is compared and contrasted via experiences from Greenland and from the Russian Arctic, using data acquired during 2010 to 2012.
It is concluded that although Arctic operations may appear superficially similar independent of location, several technical aspects of the work, such as seismic streamer positioning, have a significant longitude component as well as a latitude component which must be taken into consideration when planning and executing operations. Mitigation proposals for future operations are suggested where feasible.
Oceanic Loading Effect for Gravity Prospecting
Authors: Spiridonov Evgeny 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
At present, high-accuracy gravimetry is one of the efficient methods for prospecting the Earth’s interior. New possibilities were opened by the advent of superconducting gravimeters. However, for interpreting the gravity measurements, it is vital that a number of additional factors are known. Among these factors is the effect of oceanic loading.
In the Russian Arctic, this effect attains 4–6 μGal, which makes up quite a significant fraction of the observed lunar and solar tide.
For calculating this effect, we have developed the ATLANTIDA3.0 program. The distinctive feature of this program is that it allows the geophysicist to take into account the dissipation of tidal energy in the calculation and to apply different models of the Earth’s crust and upper mantle (to date, there are two such models). Due to the fact that all the procedures of interpolation and all decompositions are, in fact, carried out beforehand, the program, as a rule, provides the faster computations than its analogs. This is important in the calculations aimed at obtaining the estimates on a large regional or global grid.
About 77% of the ocean loading effect parameters calculated by the ATLANTIDA 3.0 program turned out to be closer to the observations than the estimates predicted by the known LOAD97 program from ETERNA3.3 package.
Safe and Clean Marine Drilling with Implementation of "Riserless Mud Recovery Technology - RMR"
Authors: Rezk Ramzy 
Published: October 2013

AbstractRussia has opened up a new era in the development and exploitation of deep-water marine resources. This has meant that the questions of safety, of the ecological impact of similar mega projects and their possible effects on the environment, have become more acute and more current. The worldwide experience of drilling deep-water wells has shown that it is possible to avoid negative consequences with the help of various methods and technologies, including the application of a ‘Riserless Mud Recovery’ or ‘RMR’ system. This paper considers the features of RMR technology, its advantages, its operating principles and its track record in Russia.
Development of Onshore Drilling Complex of XXI Century for Extended Reach Drilling in the Arctic
Authors: Tskhadaya Nikolay D. , Buslaev George V. , Buslaeva Olga N. , Molokanov Denis R. 
Published: October 2013

Resume
The article offers scientific solutions regarding drilling of horizontalextended reach wells for the Arctic development. In particular, ground-based drilling complex of XXI century with tipping tower was developed. The article describes constructions of its overland and borehole components. A lot of attention is paid to load transfer from the well head to its bottomhole. The article describes solutions made for addressing problems connected to additional loads on the bottomhole and well head; in particular, even drilling bit feed need. The article also includes calculation of the well profile and load characteristics of the drilling complex for the well of 15 km and horizontal borehole depth of 1.5 km. The author proves perspectives of field’s application and data about testing of downhole drilling thrusting device; offers a horizontal borehole subsea depth estimating method, according to fracturing prevention and sea bed pollution. The article shows a mathematical model of heat and weight transfer in the well for foundation of managerial parameters of formation exposing, drilling and casing in permafrost.
Collaborative Drilling Technical Team, Secures Project Performance
Authors: Kasumov Ruslan , Gallyamova Yulia , Akanaev Rinat , Gavrilov Leonid , Dolgushin Evgeny , Romanov Andrey 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Advanced drilling technologies were used on two offshore multiwell platforms in the Lunskoye and Piltun-Astokhskoye fields, in the Sea of Okhotsk to deliver wells that required complex drilling to manage well-to-well collision risk, and to perform underreaming operations, extended-reach drilling (ERD), sidetracking, geosteering, and acquisition of thorough logging-whiledrilling (LWD) data.
The project benefited from the successful implementation of a new concept that combined various groups of technical experts within the operating and service companies to address project challenges through proper well planning, 24/7 monitoring, and intervention, when needed, during the execution phase, as well as post-well analysis fed into the planning of subsequent wells.
The effectiveness of the collaborative drilling technical team was proven by the overall results since implementing the new concept. Four wells were drilled "shoe to shoe" 25 days ahead of approved for expenditure (AFE) time for the drilling phase. More than 70 proactive interventions to prevent nonproductive time (NPT) were made and delivered to the drilling teams during trial runs; of these, 60% were considered significant and resulted in the implementation of a drilling and engineering operations planning service on subsequent wells. It was the first time in the Lunskoye field that a well had been delivered 8.9 days ahead of AFE for 53.6 days for the drilling phase. The success established good synergy among the client geoscientists and drilling personnel in town, platform teams, including the drilling supervisor (DSV) and offshore drilling engineer (ODE), and service companies providing mud logging services, drilling fluids, directional drilling and LWD services, and bits and underreamers.
Thanks to the successful results obtained from the collaborative drilling technical team concept, it has been accepted for use in this major offshore project as it brings continuous improvement to drilling operations through a cyclic process of planning-execution-evaluation.
Improvement of Bottom-Hole Cleaning After Hydraulic Fracturing on Urengoy Oil and Gas Condensate Field
Authors: Buriak Ivan 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Urengoy Oil and Gas Condensate Field as other fields of North of West Siberia is in final stage of development in present time which characterized by depletion of reservoirs and decreasing of reservoir pressure.
Today operating well stock in Urengoy Oil and Gas Condensate Field consists of 174 wells of which 135 wells are in operations and 39 are in off-period. The most reasons of being off period are follows: –low inflow;–technical condition;–water influx after drilling;–water influx after exploitation;–wells in completion after hydraulic fracturing.
Hydraulic fracturing is commonly applies in both operating and off-period wells in Urengoy Oil and Gas Condensate Field for stabilization of hydrocarbons production. Hydraulic fracturing is performed on gas, gas condensate and oil wells of Urengoy Oil and Gas Condensate Field. After hydraulic fracturing one of main problems still remains which is bottom-hole cleaning of proppant plug.
According to design projects of Urengoy Oil and Gas Condensate Field hydraulic fracturing is performed with underflush of proppant in well, in other words proppant is left at perforation intervals and above it.
Preparatory works and post-frac operations in Urengoy Oil and Gas Condensate Field are carried out by different service companies with applying of different technologies of bottom-hole cleaning of proppant. One of such organizations is Urengoy Well Servicing Management of "Gazprom Podzemremont Urengoy" LLC.
Microbial Utilization Of The Oil Wastes In The Conditions Of Arctic Temperature
Authors: Vinogradova E. N. , Abramov S. M. , Sadraddinova E. R. , Fedorenko V. N. , Shestakov A. I. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This work is dedicated to the search and analysis of the microbial communities able to perform quick and effective biodestruction of the aqueous oily wastes. We developed a method for estimation of efficiency of existing preparations and for qualitative evaluation of the degree of carbon compounds degradation. This method will be the basis of the technology of oily decontamination of water and forelands in the arctic conditions. The experiments wede done in the conditions very close to the arctic (on the White Sea Biological Station and in a laboratory setting. We have isolated several microbial communities that are able to perform the destruction oil carbohydrates. On the basis of these communities, we plan to create the preparations highly effective in the arctic conditions.
Utilization of oily wastes in the low temperatures conditions is of great actuality when developing oil fields in the far north. In the moderate climate regions, oil residuals (after the physical and/or physic-chemical purification) are utilized by soil microorganisms or using several commercially available microbial preparations that accelerate the process. The active components of such preparations are usually carbohydrate-oxidizing microorganisms that are able to perform oil conversion into the bacterial biomass of organisms that, in turn, transfer the oily wastes into the safe components. These biopreparations are actively used after the physical and/or physic-chemical remediation. Microbial bioremedation allows effective utilization of residual oily wastes, if using of other methods is economically unadvizable, technically complicated and/or ecologically unsafe. At the same time, the end-product of microbial conversion of oily wastes is the biomass of carbohydrate-oxidizing bacteria which serves as a feed for the other organisms of this geobiocoenosis.
The literature search has shown that nowadays many preparations are developed that are aimed to the control of the oily wastes. These preparations are masses of viable microorganisms-biodestructors and differ one from another by strains used for their creation. These strains are characterized by different physiological and biochemical properties, such as thermotolerance, osmophility, optimal pH, ability to utilize different classes of carbohydrates and n-alkanes in their metabolic processes. These properties of the strains- biodestructors determine the efficiency of their using in different climatic zones in order to control chemically different wastes.
Generally, all existing preparations are intended for the destruction of the oily wastes of not only soil, but also fresh-water basins, areas of seas, factory runoffs and contaminated inner surfaces of process reservoirs and tanks.
BOP Performance Post - Macondo - How Are We Doing?
Authors: Sattler Jeffry P 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Description
The Macondo disaster and other recent environmental incidents have resulted in a new emphasis on the performance and reliability of BOP (Blowout Preventer) equipment and systems, most specifically in the US Gulf of Mexico (GOM), but also in other drilling regions. Due to the environmental sensitivity of offshore Arctic environments, reliable BOP operation is even more important. These combined factors have led to many industry and regulatory changes in BOP systems, their operation and maintenance. This paper will describe the practical effects of these changes from an independent, third-party verifier’s perspective, including perceived benefits and identified but unintended consequences, together with some possible unintended consequences for the future.
Although the materials presented reflect the author’s experience on offshore floating drilling rigs, some of the contents are applicable to other types of offshore rigs as well as land rigs.
A Method and an Apparatus for Killing an Uncontrolled Oil-Gas Fountain at an Offshore Oil Platform Using a Telescopic Rod Assembly
Authors: Tseytlin Simon 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
A method and an apparatus for killing of uncontrolled oil fountains include a series of rods with the first rod having the smallest diameter and successive rods having increasing diameters. Such telescopic assembly of rods is lowered into the well to cause gradual reduction in cross-sectional area available for oil flow discharge. Once sufficiently large rods are lowered into the well, the oil fountain discharge will be greatly diminished. A method of monitoring the conditions of lowering the rods into the well may utilize a weight measuring device mounted at the surface platform. In the case of killing the oil fountain based on the present method, such device will show the difference between the weight of the rods (pushing the entire assembly down) and the combination of various forces acting to push it up, including the reservoir pressure and the drag force from the flow of oil or a multiphase flow of various gases and fluids coming out from the well. Final sealing may be accomplished by pumping cement into a space formed between the well pipe and the rod assembly. A novel system for aligning the rods to the center of the well is also described. The present method is aimed at making killing of the well safe, fast and inexpensive so as to prevent heavy environmental and financial losses typically associated with dealing with offshore well blowouts.
Streamlines for the Target Injection Calculation in Complex Field Conditions
Authors: Gladkov Andrey , Kondakov Danila , Gareev Rustem , Belyanushkina Maria , Lvov Anton , Arsenevsky Ivan 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The target injection determination is one of the major issues in waterflooding management. The study resulted in a fully automatic approach to the waterflooding management via the block analysis based on continuously updated hydrodynamic models. The authors propose an automated workflow that provides a closed cycle for waterflooding management: from estimation of target voidage replacement ratio (VRR) per blocks, calculation of recommended well injection rates and monitoring of the plan implementation on optimum VRR per blocks.
The paper describes a new approach to key two problems arising from the analysis of waterflooding block performance: the identification of block boundaries with minimum cross-flows between blocks and the correct production / injection allocation (distribution) for wells located on the blocks boundaries.
A real-field example, demonstrating the application of the proposed technique, includes the construction of a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, automatically updated on a monthly basis using actual production / injection data with the streamline map generation. After that, also automatically, the adjustment of waterflooding block boundaries takes place (with the indication of poor drainage areas), with calculation of well allocation factors. The data derived are used in waterflooding performance analysis and block ranking based on a given set of parameters.