bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peridotitic minerals of the Nidar Ophiolite in the NW Himalaya: sourced from the depth of the mantle transition zone and above
Authors: Das Souvik , Mukherjee Barun K. , Basu Asish R. , Sen Koushick 
Published: May 2015

Abstract

The Nidar Ophiolite Complex (NOC) consists of a
c.
10 km thick ophiolite suite in the NW Himalaya, India. The
c.
7 km thick lower ultramafic part of the ophiolite body terminates against the Tso Morari Crystallines, which represent the leading edge of the Indian continental margin. Mineral inclusions from the peridotites in the lower ultramafic part of the NOC were studied, including
C
2
/c
clinoenstatite, disordered coesite and high-pressure Mg
2
SiO
4
(probably β-Mg
2
SiO
4
). These minerals, found in two lherzolite bodies from the ophiolite's mantle section, were characterized by laser Raman spectroscopy and electron micro-probe analysis. Textural evidence supporting decompression from an ultra-high-pressure condition was also observed, such as Cr spinel exsolution needles in olivine crystals. The systematic mineral phase transitions of coesite→quartz, high-pressure clinoenstatite→orthoenstatite and β-Mg
2
SiO
4
→Cr spinel exsolution needles in olivine suggest that the mantle section of the Nidar Ophiolite evolved from the deep mantle beneath a palaeo-spreading centre. The phase stabilities of these high-pressure minerals require derivation from the depth of the mantle transition zone (410–660 km). A transport mechanism for these minerals is suggested via dunite channels along a mantle adiabat in the focused convective flow below the spreading centre. This mechanism brought these deep mantle phases into the ultramafic part of the NOC. These observations suggest that some part of the mantle section of the NOC in the NW Himalaya originated in a mid-ocean ridge setting.

Supplementary material:

Representative mineral chemical compositions of the lherzolites (1M1 and 1NU27) and the host channelized dunites are available at
http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18836
.
Ex Vivo Culture of CTCs: An Emerging Resource to Guide Cancer Therapy
Authors: Maheswaran Shyamala , Haber Daniel A. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
With increasing application of targeted therapies and the development of acquired resistance, much attention is being focused on developing in vitro and in vivo patient-specific tumor models for individualized therapeutic evaluation of cancers. Circulating tumor cells provide a source of noninvasively and sequentially sampled invasive cancer cells suitable for propagation in vitro. We review the advantages and challenges associated with ex vivo culture of tumor cells circulating in the blood of patients with cancer. Cancer Res; 75(12); 2411–5. ©2015 AACR.
Associations of Coffee Drinking with Systemic Immune and Inflammatory Markers
Authors: Loftfield Erikka , Shiels Meredith S. , Graubard Barry I. , Katki Hormuzd A. , Chaturvedi Anil K. , Trabert Britton , Pinto Ligia A. , Kemp Troy J. , Shebl Fatma M. , Mayne Susan T. , Wentzensen Nicolas , Purdue Mark P. , Hildesheim Allan , Sinha Rashmi , Freedman Neal D. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackground: Coffee drinking has been inversely associated with mortality as well as cancers of the endometrium, colon, skin, prostate, and liver. Improved insulin sensitivity and reduced inflammation are among the hypothesized mechanisms by which coffee drinking may affect cancer risk; however, associations between coffee drinking and systemic levels of immune and inflammatory markers have not been well characterized.Methods: We used Luminex bead-based assays to measure serum levels of 77 immune and inflammatory markers in 1,728 older non-Hispanic Whites. Usual coffee intake was self-reported using a food frequency questionnaire. We used weighted multivariable logistic regression models to examine associations between coffee and dichotomized marker levels. We conducted statistical trend tests by modeling the median value of each coffee category and applied a 20% false discovery rate criterion to P values.Results: Ten of the 77 markers were nominally associated (P trend &lt; 0.05) with coffee drinking. Five markers withstood correction for multiple comparisons and included aspects of the host response namely chemotaxis of monocytes/macrophages (IFNγ, CX3CL1/fractalkine, CCL4/MIP-1β), proinflammatory cytokines (sTNFRII), and regulators of cell growth (FGF-2). Heavy coffee drinkers had lower circulating levels of IFNγ [odds ratios (OR), 0.35; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.16–0.75], CX3CL1/fractalkine (OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.10–0.64), CCL4/MIP-1β (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.24–0.99), FGF-2 (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.28–1.38), and sTNFRII (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.15–0.79) than non-coffee drinkers.Conclusions: Lower circulating levels of inflammatory markers among coffee drinkers may partially mediate previously observed associations of coffee with cancer and other chronic diseases.Impact: Validation studies, ideally controlled feeding trials, are needed to confirm these associations. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(7); 1052–60. ©2015 AACR.
Associations of Blood Pressure in Pregnancy With Offspring Blood Pressure Trajectories During Childhood and Adolescence: Findings From a Prospective Study
Authors: Staley James R. , Bradley John , Silverwood Richard J. , Howe Laura D. , Tilling Kate , Lawlor Debbie A. , Macdonald‐Wallis Corrie 
Published: May 2015

Background

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are related to higher offspring blood pressure (
BP
), but it is not known whether this association strengthens or weakens as
BP
changes across childhood. Our aim was to assess the associations of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and maternal
BP
changes during pregnancy with trajectories of offspring
BP
from age 7 to 18 years.

Methods and Results

In a large
UK
cohort of maternal–offspring pairs (N=6619), we used routine antenatal
BP
measurements to derive hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and maternal
BP
trajectories. These were related to offspring
BP
trajectories, obtained from research clinic assessments, using linear spline random‐effects models. After adjusting for maternal and offspring variables, including body mass index, offspring of women who had existing hypertension, gestational hypertension, or preeclampsia during pregnancy had on average higher
BP
at age 7 years compared to offspring of normotensive pregnancies (mean difference [95%
CI
] in systolic
BP
: 1.67 mm Hg [0.48, 2.86], 1.98 mm Hg [1.32, 2.65], and 1.22 mm Hg [−0.52, 2.97], respectively). These differences were consistent across childhood to age 18 years, as the patterns of
BP
change did not differ between offspring of hypertensive pregnancies and normotensive pregnancies. Maternal
BP
at 8 weeks’ gestation was also positively associated with offspring
BP
in childhood and adolescence, but changes in
BP
across pregnancy were not strongly associated.

Conclusions

The differences in
BP
between offspring of hypertensive pregnancies and offspring of normotensive pregnancies remain consistent across childhood and adolescence. These associations appear to be most contributed to by higher maternal
BP
in early pregnancy rather than by pregnancy‐related
BP
changes.
Cloud Radiative Forcing at Summit, Greenland
Authors: Miller Nathaniel B. , Shupe Matthew D. , Cox Christopher J. , Walden Von P. , Turner David D. , Steffen Konrad 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The surface energy budget plays a critical role in determining the mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet, which in turn has significant implications for global sea levels. Nearly three years of data (January 2011–October 2013) are used to characterize the annual cycle of surface radiative fluxes and cloud radiative forcing (CRF) from the central Greenland Ice Sheet at Summit Station. The annual average CRF is 33 W m−2, representing a substantial net cloud warming of the central Greenland surface. Unlike at other Arctic sites, clouds warm the surface during the summer. The surface albedo is high at Summit throughout the year, limiting the cooling effect of the shortwave CRF and thus the total CRF is dominated by cloud longwave warming effects in all months. All monthly mean CRF values are positive (warming), as are 98.5% of 3-hourly cases. The annual cycle of CRF is largely driven by the occurrence of liquid-bearing clouds, with a minimum in spring and maximum in late summer. Optically thick liquid-bearing clouds [liquid water path (LWP) &gt; 30 g m−2] produce an average longwave CRF of 85 W m−2. Shortwave CRF is sensitive to solar zenith angle and LWP. When the sun is well above the horizon (solar zenith angle &lt; 65°), a maximum cloud surface warming occurs in the presence of optically thin liquid-bearing clouds. Ice clouds occur frequently above Summit and have mean longwave CRF values ranging from 10 to 60 W m−2, dependent on cloud thickness.
Utility of adaptive control processing for the interpretation of digital mammograms
Authors: Jinnouchi Mikako , Yabuuchi Hidetake , Kubo Makoto , Tokunaga Eriko , Yamamoto Hidetaka , Honda Hiroshi 
Published: May 2015

Background Adaptive control processing for mammography (ACM) is a novel program that automatically sets up appropriate image-processing parameters for individual mammograms (MMGs) by analyzing the focal and whole breast histogram. Purpose To investigate whether ACM improves the image contrast of digital MMGs and whether it improves radiologists’ diagnostic performance in reading of MMGs. Material and Methods One hundred normal cases for image quality assessment and another 100 cases (50 normal and 50 cancers) for observer performance assessment were enrolled. All mammograms were examined with and without ACM. Five radiologists assessed the intra- and extra-mammary contrast of 100 normal MMGs, and the mean scores of the intra- and extra-mammary contrast were compared between MMGs with and without ACM in both the dense and non-dense group. They classified 100 MMGs into BI-RADS categories 1–5, and were asked to rate the images on a scale of 0 to 100 for the likelihood of the presence of category 3–5 lesions in each breast. Detectability of breast cancer, reading time, and frequency of window adjustment were compared between MMGs with and without ACM. Results ACM improved the intra-mammary contrast in both the dense and non-dense group but degraded extra-mammary contrast in the dense group. There was no significant difference in detectability of breast cancer between MMGs with and without ACM. Frequency of window adjustment without ACM was significantly higher than that with ACM. Reading time without ACM was significantly longer than that with ACM. Conclusion ACM improves the image contrast of MMGs and shortens reading time.
Electronic consultations (e-consults) to improve access to specialty care: A systematic review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Vimalananda Varsha G , Gupte Gouri , Seraj Siamak M , Orlander Jay , Berlowitz Dan , Fincke Benjamin G , Simon Steven R 
Published: May 2015

Background We define electronic consultations (“e-consults”) as asynchronous, consultative, provider-to-provider communications within a shared electronic health record (EHR) or web-based platform. E-consults are intended to improve access to specialty expertise for patients and providers without the need for a face-to-face visit. Our goal was to systematically review and summarize the literature describing the use and effects of e-consults. Methods We searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL for studies related to e-consults published between 1990 through December 2014. Three reviewers identified empirical studies and system descriptions, including articles on systems that used a shared EHR or web-based platform, connected providers in the same health system, were used for two-way provider communication, and were text-based. Results Our final review included 27 articles. Twenty-two were research studies and five were system descriptions. Eighteen originated from one of three sites with well-developed e-consult programs. Most studies reported on workflow impact, timeliness of specialty input, and/or provider perceptions of e-consults. E-consultations are used in a variety of ways within and across medical centers. They provide timely access to specialty care and are well-received by primary care providers. Discussion E-consults are feasible in a variety of settings, flexible in their application, and facilitate timely specialty advice. More extensive and rigorous studies are needed to inform the e-consult process and describe its effect on access to specialty visits, cost and clinical outcomes.
Long-term efficacy and safety of cladribine (2-CdA) in adult patients with mastocytosis
Authors: Barete Stéphane , Lortholary Olivier , Damaj Gandhi , Hirsch Isabelle , Chandesris Marie Olivia , Elie Caroline , Hamidou Mohamed , Durieu Isabelle , Suarez Felipe , Grosbois Bernard , Limal Nicolas , Gyan Emmanuel , Larroche Claire , Guillet Gérard , Kahn Jean Emmanuel , Casassus Philippe , Amazzough Karima , Coignard-Biehler Hélène , Georgin-Lavialle Sophie , Lhermitte Ludovic , Fraitag Sylvie , Canioni Danielle , Dubreuil Patrice , Hermine Olivier 
Published: May 2015

Key Points
2-CdA is an effective treatment with a long-term acceptable safety profile in patients with mastocytosis. 2-CdA is effective and safe in indolent systemic mastocytosis and cutaneous mastocytosis refractory to multiple symptomatic therapies.
Diverse models for anti-HIV activity of purine nucleoside analogs
Authors: Khatri Naveen , Lather Viney , Madan A K 
Published: May 2015

Abstract

Background
Purine nucleoside analogs (PNAs) constitute an important group of cytotoxic drugs for the treatment of neoplastic and autoimmune diseases. In the present study, classification models have been developed for the prediction of the anti-HIV activity of purine nucleoside analogs.

Results
The topochemical version of superaugmented pendentic index-4 has been proposed and successfully utilized for the development of models. A total of 60 2D and 3D molecular descriptors (MDs) of diverse nature were selected for building the classification models using decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and moving average analysis (MAA). The values of most of these descriptors for each of the analogs in the dataset were computed using the Dragon software (version 5.3). An in-house computer program was also employed to calculate additional MDs which were not included in the Dragon software. DT, RF, and SVM correctly classified the analogs into actives and inactives with an accuracy of 89 %, 83 %, and 78 %, respectively. MAA-based models predicted the anti-HIV activity of purine nucleoside analogs with a non-error rate up to 98 %. Therapeutic active spans of the suggested MAA-based models not only showed more potency but also exhibited enhanced safety as revealed by comparatively high values of selectivity index (SI). The statistical importance of the developed models was appraised via intercorrelation analysis, specificity, sensitivity, non-error rate, and Matthews correlation coefficient.

Conclusions
High predictability of the proposed models clearly indicates an immense potential for developing lead molecules for potent but safe anti-HIV purine nucleoside analogs.
Image contour based on context aware in complex wavelet domain
Authors: Binh Nguyen Thanh 
Published: May 2015

AbstractActive contours are used in the image processing application including edge detection, shape modeling, medical image-analysis, detectable object boundaries, etc. Shape is one of the important features for describing an object of interest. Even though it is easy to understand the concept of 2D shape, it is very difficult to represent, define and describe it. In this paper, we propose a new method to implement an active contour model using Daubechies complex wavelet transform combined with B-Spline based on context aware. To show the superiority of the proposed method, we have compared the results with other recent methods such as the method based on simple discrete wavelet transform, Daubechies complex wavelet transform and Daubechies complex wavelet transform combined with B-Spline.
Hedonic and disgust taste perception in borderline personality disorder and depression
Authors: Arrondo Gonzalo , Murray Graham K. , Hill Emma , Szalma Bence , Yathiraj Krishna , Denman Chess , Dudas Robert B. 
Published: May 2015

SummaryDepression and borderline personality disorder (BPD) are both thought to be accompanied by alterations in the subjective experience of environmental rewards. We evaluated responses in women to sweet, bitter and neutral tastes (juice, quinine and water): 29 with depression, 17 with BPD and 27 healthy controls. The BPD group gave lower pleasantness and higher disgust ratings for quinine and juice compared with the control group; the depression group did not differ significantly from the control group. Juice disgust ratings were related to self-disgust in BPD, suggesting close links between abnormal sensory processing and self-identity in BPD.
Up-regulation of Bcl-2 by CD147 Through ERK Activation Results in Abnormal Cell Survival in Human Endometriosis
Authors: Wang Chaoqun , Jin Aihong , Huang Wenqing , Tsang Lai Ling , Cai Zhiming , Zhou Xiaping , Chen Hao , Chan Hsiao Chang 
Published: May 2015

Context:
Human endometriosis (EMS) is characterized by insufficient apoptosis. Our previous studies have shown elevated CD147 expression in human endometriotic tissues and its involvement in endometrial cell apoptosis. However, the exact underlying mechanism remains elusive.

Objective:
The objective was to examine the correlation of the highly expressed CD147 with anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 in human endometriotic tissues and to determine the CD147-regulated apoptotic pathway in human endometrial epithelial cell line (HES).

Design:
This was a laboratory study using human tissue analysis and HES cell culture.

Setting:
The setting was an academic research center and hospital.

Patients:
Patients were 30 women with ovarian EMS and 12 women without EMS.

Interventions:
mRNA levels of CD147 and Bcl-2 were evaluated in endometriotic tissues by quantitative real-time PCR. HES cells were transfected with pcDNA3.0-CD147 overexpressing plasmid or immune-depleted by CD147 antibody.

Main Outcome Measures:
Main outcome measures were reverse transcription, quantitative real-time PCR, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay, and Western blotting.

Results:
In human endometriotic tissues, Bcl-2 was up-regulated and positively correlated with CD147 expression, accompanied by activated ERK signaling. In HES cells, overexpression of CD147 increased viable cells and up-regulated Bcl-2 expression by activation of ERK signaling. Interference with CD147 function suppressed ERK signaling and decreased Bcl-2 expression, followed by accumulation of apoptotic factors, including cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase.

Conclusions:
The presently found strong correlations between Bcl-2 and CD147, ERK, and CD147 in human endometriotic lesions and the demonstrated reduced cell apoptosis through CD147-ERK-Bcl-2 intrinsic apoptosis signaling axis suggest that this CD147-regulated signaling may contribute to the enhanced cell survival in the progression of human EMS.
The Role of Alcohol Consumption in Regulating Circulating Levels of Adiponectin: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bell Steven , Britton Annie 
Published: May 2015

Context:
The role of alcohol intake in influencing longitudinal trajectories of adiponectin is unclear.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to examine the association between alcohol intake and changes in the circulating levels of adiponectin over repeat measures.

Design, Setting, and Participants:
A prospective cohort study of 2855 men and women (74% men with a mean age of 50 y at baseline) drawn from the Whitehall II study. Data from study phases 3 (1991–1993), 5 (1997–1999), and 7 (2002–2004) were used.

Main Outcome Measure:
Adiponectin serum concentrations (nanograms per milliliter) were measured, and alcohol intake was defined in terms of number of UK units (1 U = 8 g ethanol) consumed in the previous 7 days on three occasions. Cross-sectional associations between alcohol and adiponectin levels were calculated using linear regression. A bivariate dual-change score model was used to estimate the effect of alcohol intake on upcoming change in adiponectin. Models were adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, and smoking status.

Results:
Alcohol consumption was cross-sectionally associated with (log transformed) adiponectin levels (β ranging from .001 to .004, depending on phase and level of adjustment) but was not associated with changes in adiponectin levels over time [γ = −0.002 (SE 0.002), P = 0.246].

Conclusion:
Alcohol intake is not associated with changes in circulating adiponectin levels in this cohort. This finding provides evidence that adiponectin levels are unlikely to mediate the relationship between moderate alcohol consumption and reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. It is important to consider dynamic longitudinal relationships rather than cross-sectional associations.
CALHM1 ion channel elicits amyloid-β clearance by insulin-degrading enzyme in cell lines and in vivo in the mouse brain
Authors: Vingtdeux Valérie , Chandakkar Pallavi , Zhao Haitian , Blanc Lionel , Ruiz Santiago , Marambaud Philippe 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide accumulation in the brain. CALHM1, a cell-surface Ca2+ channel expressed in brain neurons, has anti-amyloidogenic properties in cell cultures. Here, we show that CALHM1 controls Aβ levels in vivo in the mouse brain through a previously unrecognized mechanism of regulation of Aβ clearance. Using pharmacological and genetic approaches in cell lines, we found that CALHM1 ion permeability and extracellular Ca2+ were required for the Aβ-lowering effect of CALHM1. Aβ level reduction by CALHM1 could be explained by an increase in extracellular Aβ degradation by insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), extracellular secretion of which was strongly potentiated by CALHM1 activation. Importantly, Calhm1 knockout in mice reduced IDE enzymatic activity in the brain, and increased endogenous Aβ concentrations by up to ∼50% in both the whole brain and primary neurons. Thus, CALHM1 controls Aβ levels in cell lines and in vivo by facilitating neuronal and Ca2+-dependent degradation of extracellular Aβ by IDE. This work identifies CALHM1 ion channel as a potential target for promoting amyloid clearance in Alzheimer's disease.
Employees’ Engagement: Pros and Cons
Authors: Коновалова  , Konovalova Valyeriya 
Published: May 2015

The article is devoted to the management of personnel’s involvement; it summarizes the results of Russian and foreign researches on the nature and the factors
that determine the level of employees’ engagement.The author analyzes the basic conditions that must be created in organizations for the real management
of involvement. In particular, attention is drawn to the fact that in order to increase the level of involvement an organization should provide inspiring (involving)
leadership, strong corporate culture, priority of talent growth; develop the strong sense of responsibility among its sta ; form HR-policies and procedures
consistent with the objectives of the company. Provided examples of successful involvement management practices of foreign and domestic companies are of
certain interest. Signi cant challenges to employees’ engagement are highlighted, including: poor setting of goals and objectives, lack of resources, unclear
responsibilities. The author emphasizes that the same measures to strengthen the engagement will be equally accepted by di erent groups of sta (professional,
age, demographic).