bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SOME ASPECTS OF JOINING PILES
Authors: Jaremski Jan 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Application of the pile joining is a new solution of the complex pile foundation including the base, made in the ground, and the piles joining the base with the girt. This kind of piles can be used for foundation under special geological conditions (proglacial stream valleys) for foundation reinforcement of the existing buildings and new foundations. The solution proposed may be used in the swelling soils. In this work, the possibilities of applying joining piles in different soils, like fine sands, silts, clays, clay shale, sandstones, which can be the foundation for the pales have been considered.
NUMERICAL MODELLING FOR UNDERGROUND MINING RELATED GEOTECHNICAL ISSUES
Authors: Florkowska L. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Issues presented in this work relate to geotechnical problems that are specific to the mining areas. The paper discusses the methodology of mathematical and numerical modeling of these problems. Examples contained in the paper include: predicting the influence of mining exploitation on a detached building and evaluating the effectiveness of the building protection with the trench. Possible applications of numerical modeling as a tool to aid the continuous monitoring of the building state during the exploitation have also been discussed
OLD ENGLISH ADJECTIVAL AFFIXATION: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
Authors: Vea Escarza Raquel 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
The aim of this article is to carry out a structural-functional analysis of the formation of Old English adjectives by means of affixation. By analysing the rules and operations that produce the 3,356 adjectives which the lexical database of Old English Nerthus (www.nerthusproject.com) turns out as affixal derivatives, a total of fourteen derivational functions have been identified. Additionally, the analysis yields conclusions concerning the relationship between affixes and derivational functions, the patterns of recategorization present in adjective formation and recursive word-formation.
Polymorphism of ESR, FSHß, RBP4, PRL, OPN genes and their influence on morphometric traits of gilt reproductive tract before sexual maturity
Authors: Kapelański Wojciech , Eckert Robert , Jankowiak Hanna , Mucha Aurelia , Bocian Maria , Grajewska Salomea 
Published: February 2014

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of gene polymorphism on the development of the reproductive system in 100 Polish Large White and 100 Polish Landrace gilts. Gilts were slaughtered when they reached 100 kg, and their uterus weight and length, as well as the ovary weight and volume were evaluated. Differences between gilts of both breeds were observed in some traits of the reproductive system, such as the uterine weight without the broad ligament (P ≤ 0.05) and the uterine capacity (P ≤ 0.01). Polish Landrace gilts were characterized with higher uterine weight and higher uterine capacity; they were also younger at the time of slaughter (P ≤ 0.05). No BB homozygote relative to the oestrogen receptor gene was found in the examined populations of Polish Landrace gilts. Also, a very low number of gilts with the AA genotype relative to follicle stimulating hormone gene was observed in both populations. Polymorphism of the examined genes had an effect on numerous traits which define the size of particular uterine sections, and thus it influenced the development of potential fertility of gilts before they entered the reproductive cycle. Based on our results we can conclude that genetic determination of reproductive potential occurs already in prepubertal gilts. The results may be used for the prognosis of fertility potential in gilts.
Canine gastrointestinal tract tumours: a restrospective study of 74 cases
Authors: Frgelecová Lucia , Škorič Miša , Fictum Petr , Husník Roman 
Published: February 2014

The aim of our study was to investigate histopathologically the incidence of gastrointestinal tract tumours in dogs in the Czech Republic in relation to their age, sex and breed. In total, 29 gastric and 45 intestinal tumours from 3827 gastrointestinal tract biopsies were investigated. The average age of dogs with gastric lymphoma, adenocarcinoma, and other mesenchymal tumours was 7.3 years, 9.5 years, and > 10 years, respectively. Breed predisposition to adenocarcinoma was evidenced in the Belgian Shepherd and Leonberger, to lymphoma in the Doberman (P < 0.01). The most frequent site of adenocarcinoma was antrum pyloricum (66.7%); lymphomas involved gastric wall diffusely. The average age of dogs with intestinal adenoma, adenocarcinoma, lymphoma, leiomyoma or leiomyosarcoma and carcinoid was 7.5, 8.5, 8.5, 12, and 14 years, respectively. The age predisposition to intestinal adenoma and lymphoma was 7–8 years (P < 0.01) and to adenocarcinoma 7–8 years (P < 0.05); mesenchymal tumours occurred at the age of 11–12 years (P < 0.01). Breed predisposition to intestinal adenoma was evidenced in the Pug, Leonberger and English Setter (P < 0.01), to adenocarcinoma in the English Setter (P < 0.01) and Hovawart (P < 0.05), to lymphoma in the Doberman and Hovawart (P < 0.05). The most frequent site of occurrence of intestinal tumours was the colorectal region. The study revealing breed, sex and age predisposition to gastrointestinal tumours in dogs has not been described yet in the literature.
International Collaboration on Digitization of Rare Chinese Books at National Central Library: Models and Outcomes
Authors: Yu Hsiao-Ming 
Published: February 2014

With a collection of unique and rare books and extensive experience in their digitization, National Central Library (NCL) has since 2001 established itself as a leader in this effort. As such the Asian Division of the Library of Congress (LC) invited NCL to collaborate on digitizing important rare Chinese books in its collection. NCL had previously established an objective to collect unique and valuable resources on Chinese studies from around the world, and thus engage in international projects to digitize collections of rare Chinese books. The collaboration with LC marked one of the first of NCL's digitization project. The project began in 2005 and ended in 2012, during which a total of 2,025 titles of rare books were digitized and made available on the internet. In 2010 and 2011, the University of Washington and the University of California Berkeley also signed an agreement with NCL to collaborate on additional rare Chinese books digitization projects. This paper outlines NCL's current modus operandi, cites successful examples, and delineates current fruitful outcomes and value-added applications. It is hoped that this may serve as useful information for others who are also seeking international collaboration projects for digital archives.
Mouse Mast Cell Proteases 4 and 5 Mediate Epidermal Injury through Disruption of Tight Junctions
Authors: Bankova Lora G. , Lezcano Cecilia , Pejler Gunnar , Stevens Richard L. , Murphy George F. , Austen K. Frank , Gurish Michael F. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
We previously established a mast cell (MC)–dependent thermal injury model in mice with ulceration and scar formation that depended on nonredundant functions of mouse MC protease (mMCP)4 and mMCP5. We hypothesized that MC activation is an early event and now find by histology that exocytosis of granule contents occurred by 2 min after thermal injury in wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice and in the mMCP4- or mMCP5-deficient mice. The degranulation was equivalent for MCs in the dermis and hypodermis of all three strains, but only the WT mice showed an appreciable increase in epidermal thickness. There was no loss of total MCs, partially degranulated plus intact, during the 4 h of observation. By electron microscopy, MCs in all strains showed early zonal degranulation at 30 s with marked progression in magnitude by 120 s and no mitochondrial injury or cellular necrosis. Concomitantly there was an increase in intercellular spaces indicative of tight junction (TJ) disruption in WT mice but not in the mMCP4- or mMCP5-deficient strains. The desmosomes were intact in all strains. Immunodetection of the TJ protein claudin 4 in WT and mMCP5-deficient mice indicated a significant reduction after scald injury whereas mMCP4−/− mice showed no significant changes. Taken together, these findings reveal that a second-degree burn injury can initiate an immediate novel zonal degranulation of MCs throughout all skin layers and a disruption of the epidermal TJs dependent on the nonredundant presence of mMCP4 and mMCP5.
Cutting Edge: IFN-γR Signaling in Non–T Cell Targets Regulates T Cell–Mediated Intestinal Inflammation through Multiple Mechanisms
Authors: Do Jeong-su , Asosingh Kewal , Baldwin William M. , Min Booki 
Published: February 2014

AbstractNaive CD4 T cells transferred into lymphopenic mice undergo spontaneous proliferation and induce chronic inflammation in the intestine. Cellular mechanisms regulating the proliferative and inflammatory processes are not fully understood. In this study, we report that IFN-γ signaling in host cells plays a major role in limiting both T cell expansion and T cell–induced intestinal inflammation. However, the role of IFN-γ appears to differ depending on the target cells. IFN-γ signaling in dendritic cells controls T cell expansion, whereas IFN-γ signaling in neutrophils seems to regulate both T cell expansion and inflammation. IFN-γ signaling in nonhematopoietic cells may control inflammation. Therefore, our results suggest novel immunoregulatory functions for IFN-γ to orchestrate colitogenic T cell responses through its distinct action on different non–T cell target cells.
Impact of a Supervised Worksite Exercise Program on Back and Core Muscular Endurance in Firefighters
Authors: Mayer John M. , Quillen William S. , Verna Joe L. , Chen Ren , Lunseth Paul , Dagenais Simon 
Published: February 2014

Purpose. Low back pain is a leading cause of disability in firefighters and is related to poor muscular endurance. This study examined the impact of supervised worksite exercise on back and core muscular endurance in firefighters. Design. A cluster randomized controlled trial was used for this study Setting. The study occurred in fire stations of a municipal fire department (Tampa, Florida). Subjects. Subjects were 96 full-duty career firefighters who were randomly assigned by fire station to exercise (n = 54) or control (n = 42) groups. Intervention. Exercise group participants completed a supervised exercise targeting the back and core muscles while on duty, two times per week for 24 weeks, in addition to their usual fitness regimen. Control group participants continued their usual fitness regimen. Measures. Back and core muscular endurance was assessed with the Biering-Sorensen test and plank test, respectively. Analysis. Changes in back and core muscular endurance from baseline to 24 weeks were compared between groups using analysis of covariance and linear mixed effects models. Results. After 24 weeks, the exercise group had 12% greater (p = .021) back muscular endurance and 21% greater (p= .0006) core muscular endurance than did the control group. The exercise intervention did not disrupt operations or job performance. Conclusion. A supervised worksite exercise program was safe and effective in improving back and core muscular endurance in firefighters, which could protect against future low back pain.
Agreement between Photographic Screening and Hospital Biomicroscopy Grading of Diabetic Retinopathy and Maculopathy
Authors: Healy Rachel , Sallam Ahmed , Jones Vanessa , Donachie Paul H.J. , Scanlon Peter H. , Stratton Irene M. , Johnston Robert L. 
Published: February 2014

Purpose To examine the level of agreement and reasons for disagreement between grading of diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy using mydriatic digital photographs in a diabetic retinopathy screening service (DRSS) and hospital eye service (HES). Methods English NHS Diabetic Eye Screening Programme grades for diabetic retinopathy prospectively recorded on a hospital electronic medical record were compared to the grades from the DRSS event that prompted referral. In cases of disagreement, images were reviewed. Results Data for 1,501 patients (3,002 eyes) referred between 2008 and 2011 were analyzed. The HES retinopathy grades were R0 (no retinopathy) in 341 eyes, R1 (background retinopathy) in 1,712 eyes, R2 (pre-proliferative retinopathy) in 821 eyes, and R3 (proliferative retinopathy) in 128 eyes. The DRSS grades were in agreement in 2,309 eyes (76.9%), recorded a lower grade in 227 eyes, and recorded a higher grade in 466 eyes. Agreement was substantial (κ = 0.65). The commonest cause for disagreement was overgrading of R1 as R2 by hospital clinicians. The HES maculopathy grades were M0 (no maculopathy) in 2,267 eyes and M1 (maculopathy) in 735 eyes. The DRSS were in agreement in 2,111 eyes (70.2%), recorded a lower grade in 106 eyes, and recorded a higher grade in 785 eyes. Agreement was fair (κ = 0.39). The commonest cause for disagreement was hospital clinicians missing fine exudates. Conclusions This study establishes a benchmark standard for agreement between HES and DRSS grading. Review of DRSS and grading reports images for newly referred patients is likely to improve levels of agreement, particularly for diabetic retinopathy, and should be strongly encouraged.
Venous International Assessment, VIA Scale, Validated Classification Procedure for the Peripheral Venous System
Authors: de la Torre-Montero Julio-César , Montealegre-Sanz María , Faraldo-Cabana Araceli , Oliva-Pellicer Belén , García-Real Isabel , Fenwick Molly , Cáceres Esther Marcos , Rivas-Eguía Beatriz , Vila-Borrajo Concepción , Valles-Andrés Jesús , Alonso-Gordoa Teresa , García-Carrión Carmen , García Eduardo Diaz-Rubio , Beneit-Montesinos Juan-Vicente 
Published: February 2014

Purpose VIA scale is a dynamic performance status tool of the peripheral venous system that is divided into five different grades, composed of three parameters: number of observable puncture points; optimal catheter size for cannulation and ease of performing venipuncture and risk of extravasation. Methods Prospective single-center, observational, open, non-randomized study divided into two phases. In the first longitudinal phase, we studied the clinical characteristics and the changes in their peripheral venous systems during intravenous chemotherapy for 16 patients (n=16) for an average period of 24 months. In the second transverse phase, we measured the vein's diameter at the selected puncture points with a high-resolution ultrasound and paired this figure with VIA scale. We selected a group of oncology patients (n=52) and a control group (n=56). Results In the first phase, the level of agreement between the three reviewers was excellent. The second step was to assess the relationship between the measurements obtained with ultrasound and the VIA scale. The vein diameter measurements show a decrease directly related to the assessment of observers in the VIA scale. Conclusions The VIA scale is a simple, easy and practical method for classification of the peripheral venous system in terms of vascular access. The practical application of our VIA scale significantly increases the quality of life of patients by increasing the chances of successful venipuncture and cannulation and thus reducing the risk of extravasation and material costs, allowing both an economical and a safe venous assessment tool.
L’évaluation de l’efficience des institutions d’enseignement supérieur en Tunisie : le cas des Instituts Supérieurs des Études Technologiques (ISET)
Authors: Bouzouita Anis , Vierstraete Valérie , Kouki Mokhtar 
Published: February 2014

Dans cet article, nous évaluons l’efficience des Instituts supérieurs des études technologiques tunisiens (ISET) avec la méthode non paramétrique du Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Il ressort des résultats empiriques que le fonctionnement de ces établissements se caractérise par une inefficience technique de l’ordre de 20 %, pouvant s’expliquer à la fois par des problèmes de taille des établissements (inefficience d’échelle de 11 % environ) et par des problèmes de gestion (inefficience pure de l’ordre de 10 %). Les résultats montrent également qu’une majorité des ISET de notre échantillon fonctionnerait de façon optimale si leur échelle de production augmentait, ce qui peut se révéler des pistes de solutions pour les pouvoirs politiques voulant promouvoir le système éducatif supérieur en Tunisie.
Evolution of slip surface roughness through shear
Authors: Davidesko Guy , Sagy Amir , Hatzor Yossef H. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA significant part of displacement in fault zones occurs along discrete shear surfaces. The evolution of fault surface topography is studied here in direct shear laboratory experiments. Matching tensile fracture surfaces were sheared under imposed constant normal stress and sliding velocity. The roughness evolution was analyzed using measurements of surface topography before and after slip. We show that shearing reduces the initial surface roughness at all measurement scales. At all wavelengths, the roughness ratio between initial and final roughness increases as a function of the slip distance. For a given test, the roughness ratio increases with wavelength up to a few millimeters, beyond which the ratio becomes wavelength independent. At this region the roughness measured after slip follows a power law similar to that of the initial tensile fracture surface. We interpret this geometrical evolution as a consequence of the deformation stage of interlocked asperities which is followed by shear‐induced dilation.
Prospecting for New Questions: Integrating Geophysics to Define Anthropological Research Objectives and Inform Excavation Strategies at Monumental Sites
Authors: Horsley Timothy , Wright Alice , Barrier Casey 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTGeophysical data have the potential to significantly contribute to archaeological research projects when effectively integrated with more traditional methods. Although pre‐existing archaeological questions about a site may be answered using geophysical methods, beginning an investigation with an extensive geophysical survey can assist in understanding the function and archaeological potential of a site, and may even transform preconceptions about the type and spatial organisation of features that are present. In this way, these prospection tools not only accurately locate and map features to allow recovery of cultural material for identification and dating, we argue that they can go much further, allowing us to prospect for new and appropriate archaeological and anthropological research questions. Such an approach is best realised when geophysical and traditional archaeologists work together to define new objectives and strategies to address them, and by maintaining this collaboration to allow continual feedback between geophysical and archaeological data. A flexible research design is therefore essential in order to allow the methodologies to adapt to the site, the results, and the questions being posed. This methodology is demonstrated through two case studies from mound sites in southeast USA: the transitional Mississippian Washausen site in Illinois; and the Middle Woodland Garden Creek site in North Carolina. In both cases, integrating geophysical methods throughout the archaeological investigations has resulted in multiple phases of generating and addressing new research objectives. Although clearly beneficial at these two mound sites in southeast USA, this interdisciplinary approach has obvious implications well beyond these temporal and geographical areas. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
BDNF Met66 modulates the cumulative effect of psychosocial childhood adversities on major depression in adolescents
Authors: Cruz‐Fuentes Carlos S. , Benjet Corina , Martínez‐Levy Gabriela A. , Pérez‐Molina Amado , Briones‐Velasco Magdalena , Suárez‐González Jesús 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe interplay among lifetime adversities and the genetic background has been previously examined on a variety of measures of depression; however, only few studies have focused on major depression disorder (MDD) in adolescence.MethodsUsing clinical data and DNA samples from mouthwash gathered from an epidemiological study on the prevalence of mental disorders in youths between 12 and 17 years old, we tested the statistical interaction between a set of psychosocial adversities experienced during childhood (CAs) with two common polymorphisms in the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (Val66Met) and SLC6A4 (L/S) genes on the probability of suffering MDD in adolescence.ResultsGenotype or allele frequencies for both polymorphisms were similar between groups of comparison (MDD N = 246; controls N = 270). The CAs factors: Abuse, neglect, and family dysfunctions; parental maladjustment, parental death, and to have experienced a life‐threatening physical illness were predictors of clinical depression in adolescents. Remarkably, the cumulative number of psychosocial adversities was distinctly associated with an increase in the prevalence of depression but only in those Val/Val BDNF individuals; while the possession of at least a copy of the BDNF Met allele (i.e., Met +) was statistically linked with a “refractory” or resilient phenotype to the noticeable influence of CAs.ConclusionLiability or resilience to develop MDD in adolescence is dependent of a complex interplay between particular environmental exposures and a set of plasticity genes including BDNF. A better understanding of these factors is important for developing better prevention and early intervention measures.
A molecular targeting against nuclear factor‐κB, as a chemotherapeutic approach for human malignant mesothelioma
Authors: Nishikawa Sho , Tanaka Akane , Matsuda Akira , Oida Kumiko , Jang Hyosun , Jung Kyungsook , Amagai Yosuke , Ahn Ginae , Okamoto Noriko , Ishizaka Saori , Matsuda Hiroshi 
Published: February 2014

AbstractChronic inflammation due to the absorption of asbestos is an important cause of mesothelioma. Although the increased prevalence of mesothelioma is a serious problem, the development of effective chemotherapeutic agents remains incomplete. As the nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathway contributes to malignant transformation of various types of cells, we explored NF‐κB activity in three different pathological types of malignant mesothelioma cells, and evaluated the therapeutic potential of a recently reported NF‐κB inhibitor, IMD‐0354. NF‐κB was constantly activated in MSTO‐211H, NCI‐H28, and NCI‐H2052 cells, and the proliferation of these cell lines was inhibited by IMD‐0354. D‐type cyclins were effectively suppressed in mixed tissue type MSTO‐211H, leading to cell cycle arrest at sub G1/G1 phase. IMD‐0354 reduced cyclin D3 in both epithelial tissue type NCI‐H28 and sarcomatoid tissue type NCI‐H2052. In a sphere formation assay, IMD‐0354 effectively decreased the number and diameter of MSTO‐211H spheres. Preincubation of MSTO‐211H cells with IMD‐0354 delayed tumor formation in transplanted immunodeficient mice. Furthermore, administration of IMD‐0354 markedly rescued the survival rate of mice that received intrathoracic injections of MSTO‐211H cells. These results indicate that a targeted drug against NF‐κB might have therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of human malignant mesothelioma.