bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase III double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study of gabapentin for the prevention of delayed chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy, NCCTG N08C3 (Alliance)
Authors: Barton Debra L. , Thanarajasingam Gita , Sloan Jeff A. , Diekmann Brent , Fuloria Jyotsna , Kottschade Lisa A. , Lyss Alan P. , Jaslowski Anthony J. , Mazurczak Miroslaw A. , Blair Scott C. , Terstriep Shelby , Loprinzi Charles L. 
Published: July 2014

BACKGROUNDDespite targeted antiemetics, data support an unmet need related to the management of delayed nausea and vomiting (NV). Promising pilot data informed this phase III trial evaluating gabapentin for delayed NV from highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC).METHODSParticipants were randomized to receive prophylactic treatment with 20 mg of dexamethasone and a 5HT3 receptor antagonist (RA) on the day of chemotherapy, followed by gabapentin 300 mg twice a day and dexamethasone (dex) or placebo and dex after HEC. Gabapentin/placebo was started the day of chemotherapy and continued through day 5 for the first chemotherapy cycle, whereas dex was titrated down on days 2‐4. The primary end point was complete response (CR), defined as no emesis and no use of rescue medications on days 2‐6, using an NV diary. The percentages of those in each group with a CR were compared by Fisher's exact test.RESULTSFour hundred thirty patients were enrolled in this study. Forty‐seven percent of patients in the gabapentin arm and 41% in the placebo arm had a CR (P = .23). Mean number of emesis episodes was <0.5 daily, and mean nausea severity was < 2 (mild). In both arms, patient satisfaction with NV control was greater than 8 (with 10 being perfectly satisfied). There were no significant differences in unwanted side effects.CONCLUSIONSIn this study, gabapentin did not significantly improve delayed NV. Patients were satisfied with the control of their nausea and vomiting irrespective of arm. The use of a 5HT3 RA and dexamethasone provided good control of nausea and vomiting for most patients. Cancer 2014;120:3575–3583. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Catecholaminergic connectivity to the inner ear, central auditory, and vocal motor circuitry in the plainfin midshipman fish porichthys notatus
Authors: Forlano Paul M. , Kim Spencer D. , Krzyminska Zuzanna M. , Sisneros Joseph A. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTAlthough the neuroanatomical distribution of catecholaminergic (CA) neurons has been well documented across all vertebrate classes, few studies have examined CA connectivity to physiologically and anatomically identified neural circuitry that controls behavior. The goal of this study was to characterize CA distribution in the brain and inner ear of the plainfin midshipman fish (Porichthys notatus) with particular emphasis on their relationship with anatomically labeled circuitry that both produces and encodes social acoustic signals in this species. Neurobiotin labeling of the main auditory end organ, the saccule, combined with tyrosine hydroxylase immunofluorescence (TH‐ir) revealed a strong CA innervation of both the peripheral and central auditory system. Diencephalic TH‐ir neurons in the periventricular posterior tuberculum, known to be dopaminergic, send ascending projections to the ventral telencephalon and prominent descending projections to vocal–acoustic integration sites, notably the hindbrain octavolateralis efferent nucleus, as well as onto the base of hair cells in the saccule via nerve VIII. Neurobiotin backfills of the vocal nerve in combination with TH‐ir revealed CA terminals on all components of the vocal pattern generator, which appears to largely originate from local TH‐ir neurons but may include input from diencephalic projections as well. This study provides strong neuroanatomical evidence that catecholamines are important modulators of both auditory and vocal circuitry and acoustic‐driven social behavior in midshipman fish. This demonstration of TH‐ir terminals in the main end organ of hearing in a nonmammalian vertebrate suggests a conserved and important anatomical and functional role for dopamine in normal audition. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:2887‐2927, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biosourced Polymetallic Catalysts: An Efficient Means To Synthesize Underexploited Platform Molecules from Carbohydrates
Authors: Escande Vincent , Olszewski Tomasz K. , Petit Eddy , Grison Claude 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPolymetallic hyperaccumulating plants growing on wastes from former mining activity were used as the starting material in the preparation of novel plant‐based Lewis acid catalysts. The preparation of biosourced Lewis acid catalysts is a new way to make use of mining wastes. These catalysts were characterized by X‐ray fluorescence, X‐ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and direct infusion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. These analyses revealed a complex composition of metal species, present mainly as polymetallic chlorides. The catalysts proved to be efficient and recyclable in a solid‐state version of the Garcia Gonzalez reaction, which has been underexploited until now in efforts to use carbohydrates from biomass. This methodology was extended to various carbohydrates to obtain the corresponding polyhydroxyalkyl furans in 38–98 % yield. These plant‐based catalysts may be a better alternative to classical Lewis acid catalysts that were previously used for the Garcia Gonzalez reaction, such as ZnCl2, FeCl3, and CeCl3, which are often unrecyclable, require aqueous treatments, or rely on metals, the current known reserves of which will be consumed in the coming decades. Moreover, the plant‐based catalysts allowed novel control of the Garcia Gonzalez reaction, as two different products were obtained depending on the reaction conditions.
Experimental Verification of Active Front Steering Based on Driver‐Friendly Reaction Torque Control
Authors: Minaki Ryo , Hoshino Hiroshi , Hori Yoichi 
Published: July 2014

SUMMARYIn recent years the demand for safer vehicles has increased. Active front steering (AFS) is an effective technology for stabilizing motion control after the detection of dangerous motion in a vehicle such as slip. However, if AFS intervenes excessively during the steering process, it becomes difficult to prevent interference between driver steering and AFS automatic steering. Therefore, at present vehicles are rarely equipped with AFS. This paper proposes a steering torque control method based on reaction torque estimation and variable damping control for use in a human‐friendly AFS system and discusses how an experimental device was used to verify the effectiveness of this control method.
Electron‐Transfer Rate Enhancements in Nanosized Waterpools
Authors: Lorenz Bret B. , Crans Debbie C. , Johnson Michael D. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAn enhancement in the electron‐transfer rates of metal complexes confined to a nanoscale environment within a sodium bis(2‐ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate/water/isooctane reverse micelle (RM) are reported. The rate constants increase up to two orders of magnitude relative to those in bulk water. These rate enhancements are attributed to changes in solvation (owing to location within the RM) and ion pairing.
Free radical scavenging properties of thienyl and furyl linalool analogues: an experimental and DFT/B3LYP study
Authors: Stobiecka Agnieszka , Bonikowski Radosław , Kula Józef 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTIn the present study, thiophene (2a‐b) and furane (3a‐b) linalool analogues were screened for antioxidant/pro‐oxidant activity using experimental and theoretical methods. The new compounds were subjected to two different types of assays: a hydrogen transfer‐based test (i.e. ORACFL measurements) and an electron transfer‐based test (i.e. ABTS assay), respectively. Furthermore, the PM3 semi‐empirical method and the density functional theory (DFT) method with the hybrid B3LYP exchange‐correlation functional have been applied to investigate the free radical scavenging properties of synthetic compounds. The experimental results showed that linalool and its analogues possessed an almost identical ability to neutralize peroxyl radicals. In contrast, new compounds were better ABTS•+ scavenges in comparison with the starting compound but they, in general, exerted very weak antiradical activity in comparison with the synthetic antioxidant, i.e. Trolox. Taking into account the DFT‐predicted reaction enthalpies associated with two possible mechanisms which might be responsible for the antioxidant activity of investigated compounds, i.e. the single electron and proton transfer process (SET‐PT) and the direct H‐atom transfer (HAT) mechanism, it could be concluded that the latter mechanism should be favoured in the polar medium. The theoretical results also revealed that the new odourants may exhibit pro‐oxidant activity by auto‐oxidation. The antioxidant and pro‐oxidant properties of linalool and its analogues were determined by the low bond dissociation enthalpy of a C‐H bond located at allylic carbon atom 5C and the relatively low ionization potential, respectively. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thiophene‐Fused 3‐Methylene‐2,3‐dihydrochalcogenophenes: Fluorescent Dyes Incorporated in a Rigid Dibenzobarrelene Skeleton
Authors: Ishii Akihiko , Kobayashi Shota , Aoki Yutaro , Annaka Tatsuro , Nakata Norio 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT3‐Methylene‐2,3‐dihydrothienothiophene and ‐selenophenothiophene derivatives incorporated in a rigid dibenzobarrelene skeleton were synthesized by intramolecular Diels–Alder reaction, and their structures, fluorescent properties, and electrochemistry were elucidated. In 3‐methylene‐2,3‐dihydrothieno[3,2‐b]thiophene derivatives, silyl and phenyl substituents at the terminal position were effective for strong blue fluorescence (λem = 412–455 nm) with high quantum yields (ΦF = 0.65–0.99), whereas the unsubstituted parent compound was weakly fluorescent (λem = 338 nm, ΦF = 0.03). The phenyl‐substituted [3,2‐b]‐derivative showed strong emission also in the solid state (ΦF = 0.70). The corresponding [2,3‐b]‐isomer showed blueshifted absorption (λabs = 342 nm) and emission (λem = 436 nm) maxima with low‐to‐moderate quantum yields in solution (ΦF = 0.24) and in the solid state (ΦF = 0.41). In the case of the selenium congeners (3‐methylene‐2,3‐dihydroselenopheno[3,2‐b]thiophene derivatives), the heavy atom effect due to the selenium was decisive to decrease the quantum yields (ΦF = 0.01–0.06). The oxidation of phenyl‐substituted [3,2‐b]‐derivative yielded the corresponding sulfoxide and sulfone, which showed strong emission at around 440 nm with high quantum yields in dichloromethane (ΦF = 0.91 and 0.98, respectively). A dimer of the phenyl‐substituted [3,2‐b]‐derivative was prepared by oxidative coupling of the lithio derivative. The dimer had weak redshifted emission (λem = 547 nm, ΦF = 0.10) and showed a reversible cyclic voltammogram with E1/2 = 0.35 V versus Fc/Fc+ redox couple.
2‐(Pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐1,3‐oxaselenolanes from Pyrazole Сarbaldehydes and 2‐Selanyl‐1‐ethanol
Authors: Papernaya Lyubov K. , Shatrova Alexandra A. , Levanova Ekaterina P. , Albanov Alexandr I. , Klyba Lyudmila V. , Rudyakova Elena V. , Levkovskaya Galina G. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTPyrazole carbaldehydes react with 2‐selanyl‐1‐ethanol at room temperature in the presence of trimethylchlorosilane followed by treatment with triethyl amine to afford the corresponding 2‐(pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐1,3‐oxaselenolanes. The structure of the novel compounds was confirmed by IR, 13C, 1H, 15N, and 77Se NMR spectroscopy.
A Human‐Oriented Simulation Approach for Labor Assignment Flexibility in Changeover Processes of Manufacturing Cells
Authors: Zhang Xiaodong , Qiu Junjiang , Zhao Dongfang , Schlick Christopher M. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSkilled operators are the most decisive key factors in manufacturing cells. An optimal assignment of operators is crucial for flexibility and productivity. Although there are many publications dealing with labor assignment problems, different forms of human cooperation on the shop floor and decentralized decision making, which are the main factors for system flexibility, are seldom concerned in existing models. In this article, a human‐oriented methodology to analyze, simulate, and evaluate labor assignment flexibility in changeover processes in manufacturing cells is introduced, which is characterized by an agent‐based approach. First, the problem architecture is presented along with the concepts of labor flexibility. Then, different types of human behavior in the changeover process are modeled. Furthermore, a human–machine interaction model is developed to integrate the human agent models into a generalized discrete event dynamic system (DEDS) process model. In this way, work process dynamics and cooperative behavior can be explicitly modeled and simulated. Third, the model is verified on the basis of a motorcycle engine manufacturing cell, and simulation experiments with different labor assignment schemes are designed and conducted. The simulation results show that assignment strategies incorporating different skill levels and cooperation styles have a significant impact on system performance. The agent‐based approach in conjunction with the human–machine interaction model can be used to analyze and solve a large class of assignment problems in flexible manufacturing systems, especially when human cooperation and collaboration are key factors shaping overall system performance.
Rapid and sensitive profiling and quantification of the human cell line proteome by LC‐MS/MS without prefractionation
Authors: Yin Xuefei , Liu Xiaohui , Zhang Yang , Yan Guoquan , Wang Fang , Lu Haojie , Shen Huali , Yang Pengyuan 
Published: July 2014

In this paper, we demonstrate a rapid and reproducible 1D LC‐MS/MS workflow for fast quantitative proteomic research. We have optimized the LC‐MS/MS conditions, including digestion and gradient conditions, sample loading amount, and MS parameter settings. As a result, we were able to obtain twice as many protein identifications compared with the LC‐MS/MS conditions before optimization. More than 4500 protein groups and 50 000 peptides were identified in less than 8 h without any fractionation. This 1D workflow was then applied to the analysis of the MLN4924 treated/untreated human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) samples with label‐free quantification. In these experiments, a total of 179 proteins showed a statistically significant expression change after the MLN4924 treatment. Functional analysis showed that these proteins are associated with cell death and survival; gene expression; cell cycle; and DNA replication, recombination, and repair.
Prenatal Sonographic Features and Postnatal Outcome of Congenital Posteromedial Bowing of Tibia: An Experience from a Tertiary Fetal Medicine Center
Authors: Suresh Indrani , Raja Vijayalakshmi , Sriram Vijay , Ravulapalli Surekha , Balusamy Sathya Lakshmi , Sairam Shanthi , Jagadeesh Sujatha , Murlidhar Latha 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA series of 18 fetuses were identified from the archives, between 2004 and 2013 with findings of unilateral shortening of the tibia and fibula, an acutely dorsiflexed foot and posteromedial bowing of the tibia and fibula. The median gestational age at diagnosis was 23 weeks (range 20–29 weeks). The discrepancy in length between the affected and contralateral tibia varied from 9 to 33 %. Data on pregnancy outcome were available for 14 (78 %) of 18 fetuses. Four patients opted for termination of pregnancy. All the live born babies (10/14) were followed-up postnatally and were well at a median age of 28 months (6–63 months) with milestones appropriate for age at the time of writing. Spontaneous resolution was noted in all the cases and none of them required surgical correction for limb discrepancy so far. Congenital posteromedial bowing of the leg is a benign entity whose outcome includes spontaneous resolution of the angular deformity, albeit with some residual limb length discrepancy and ankle valgus which may need orthopedic intervention around 6–7 years of age. Awareness of this condition helps in making the diagnosis prenatally and in counseling the couples about the prognosis and management options available.
Cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating embryonic neurogenesis in the rodent olfactory epithelium
Authors: Kam Joseph Wai Keung , Raja Reesha , Cloutier Jean‐François 
Published: July 2014

AbstractMechanisms that regulate cellular differentiation in developing embryos are maintained across multiple physiological systems, including the nervous system where neurons and glia are generated. The olfactory epithelium, which arises from the olfactory pit, is a stratified tissue in which the stepwise generation of neurons and support cells can easily be assessed and followed during embryogenesis and throughout adulthood. During olfactory epithelium morphogenesis, progenitor cells respond to factors that control their proliferation, survival, and differentiation in order to generate olfactory receptor neurons that detect odorants in the environment and glia‐like sustentacular cells. The tight temporal regulation of expression of proneural genes in dividing progenitor cells, including Mash‐1, Neurogenin‐1, and NeuroD1, plays a central role in the production of olfactory receptor neurons. Multiple factors that either positively or negatively affect the generation of olfactory receptor neurons have been identified and shown to impinge on the transcriptional regulatory network in dividing progenitor cells. Several growth factors, such as FGF‐8, act to promote neurogenesis by ensuring survival of progenitor cells that will give rise to olfactory receptor neurons. In contrast, other molecules, including members of the large TGF‐β family of proteins, have negative impacts on neurogenesis by restricting progenitor cell proliferation and stalling their differentiation. Since recent reviews have focused on neurogenesis in the regenerating adult olfactory epithelium, this review describes neurogenesis at embryonic stages of olfactory epithelium development and summarizes our current understanding of how both cell intrinsic and extrinsic factors control this process.
Valuing lead time
Authors: de Treville Suzanne , Bicer Isik , Chavez‐Demoulin Valérie , Hagspiel Verena , Schürhoff Norman , Tasserit Christophe , Wager Stefan 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWhen do short lead times warrant a cost premium? Decision makers generally agree that short lead times enhance competitiveness, but have struggled to quantify their benefits.Blackburn (2012)argued that the marginal value of time is low when demand is predictable and salvage values are high.de Treville et al. (2014)used real‐options theory to quantify the relationship between mismatch cost and demand volatility, demonstrating that the marginal value of time increases with demand volatility, and with the volatility of demand volatility. We use the de Treville et al. model to explore the marginal value of time in three industrial supply chains facing relatively low demand volatility, extending the model to incorporate factors such as tender‐loss risk, demand clustering in an order‐up‐to model, and use of a target fill rate that exceeded the newsvendor profit‐maximizing order quantity. Each of these factors substantially increases the marginal value of time. In all of the companies under study, managers had underestimated the mismatch costs arising from lead time, so had underinvested in cutting lead times.
ON A VARIANT OF A QUESTION PROPOSED BY K. MAHLER CONCERNING LIOUVILLE NUMBERS
Authors: MARQUES DIEGO , MOREIRA CARLOS GUSTAVO 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn this note we shall prove the existence of an uncountable subset of Liouville numbers (which we call the set of ultra-Liouville numbers) for which there exist uncountably many transcendental analytic functions mapping the subset into itself.
Emergency Medical Services Response to Active Shooter Incidents: Provider Comfort Level and Attitudes Before and After Participation in a Focused Response Training Program
Authors: Jones Jerrilyn , Kue Ricky , Mitchell Patricia , Eblan Sgt. Gary , Dyer K. Sophia 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIntroductionEmergency Medical Services (EMS) routinely stage in a secure area in response to active shooter incidents until the scene is declared safe by law enforcement. Due to the time-sensitive nature of injuries at these incidents, some EMS systems have adopted response tactics utilizing law enforcement protection to expedite life-saving medical care.ObjectiveDescribe EMS provider perceptions of preparedness, adequacy of training, and general attitudes toward active shooter incident response after completing a tactical awareness training program.MethodsAn unmatched, anonymous, closed-format survey utilizing a five-point Likert scale was distributed to participating EMS providers before and after a focused training session on joint EMS/police active shooter rescue team response. Descriptive statistics were used to compare survey results. Secondary analysis of responses based on prior military or tactical medicine training was performed using a chi-squared analysis.ResultsTwo hundred fifty-six providers participated with 88% (225/256) pretraining and 88% (224/256) post-training surveys completed. Post-training, provider agreement that they felt adequately prepared to respond to an active shooter incident changed from 41% (92/225) to 89% (199/224), while agreement they felt adequately trained to provide medical care during an active shooter incident changed from 36% (82/225) to 87% (194/224). Post-training provider agreement that they should never enter a building with an active shooter changed from 73% (165/225) to 61% (137/224). Among the pretraining surveys, significantly more providers without prior military or tactical experience agreed they should never enter a building with an active shooter until the scene was declared safe (78% vs 50%, P = .002), while significantly more providers with prior experience felt both adequately trained to provide medical care in an active shooter environment (56% vs 31%, P = .007) and comfortable working jointly with law enforcement within a building if a shooter were still inside (76% vs 56%, P = .014). There was no difference in response to these questions in the post-training survey.ConclusionsAttitudes and perceptions regarding EMS active shooter incident response appear to change among providers after participation in a focused active shooter response training program. Further studies are needed to determine if these changes are significant and whether early EMS response during an active shooter incident improves patient outcomes.JonesJ, KueR, MitchellP, EblanG, DyerKS. Emergency Medical Services response to active shooter incidents: provider comfort level and attitudes before and after participation in a focused response training program. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(4):1-7.
Academic Context and Perceived Mental Workload of Psychology Students
Authors: Rubio-Valdehita Susana , López-Higes Ramón , Díaz-Ramiro Eva 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe excessive workload of university students is an academic stressor. Consequently, it is necessary to evaluate and control the workload in education. This research applies the NASA-TLX scale, as a measure of the workload. The objectives of this study were: (a) to measure the workload levels of a sample of 367 psychology students, (b) to group students according to their positive or negative perception of academic context (AC) and c) to analyze the effects of AC on workload. To assess the perceived AC, we used an ad hoc questionnaire designed according to Demand-Control-Social Support and Effort-Reward Imbalance models. Using cluster analysis, participants were classified into two groups (positive versus negative context). The differences between groups show that a positive AC improves performance (p < .01) and reduces feelings of overload (p < .02), temporal demand (p < .02), and nervousness and frustration (p < .001). Social relationships with peers and teachers, student autonomy and result satisfaction were relevant dimensions of the AC (p < .001 in all cases).