bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘It's Just Not Working’, a Qualitative Exploration of the Weight‐Related Healthcare Experiences of Individuals of Arab Heritage With Higher Weight in Australia
Authors: Hassan Amira , Kerr Deborah A. , Begley Andrea 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionCulturally and linguistically diverse population groups disproportionately experience higher weight and other non–weight‐related discrimination in healthcare settings outside of their ancestral country. Little is known about the experiences of individuals with Arab heritage. This study aimed to qualitatively explore the intersectional weight‐related healthcare experiences of individuals of Arab heritage with higher weight in Australia.MethodsA general inductive enquiry approach was used. Purposive, convenience and snowball sampling was used to recruit individuals of Arab heritage residing in Australia. Individuals were invited to participate in an online semistructured interview. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed.ResultsFifteen participants took part in the study. Of these participants, 93% were female (n = 14), 80% were aged between 18 and 44 years (n = 12), 73% were university educated (n = 11), 53% were born outside of Australia (n = 8) and all were Muslim (n = 15). Four main themes were identified: (1) appearance‐based judgement, (2) generalised advice and assumptions, (3) cultural responsiveness and (4) healthcare system constraints.ConclusionIndividuals of Arab heritage with higher weight in Australia, namely, females, often perceive their healthcare experiences as dismissive of their cultural and religious needs and driven by causality assumptions around weight. It is crucial that care delivered encompasses cultural humility, is weight‐inclusive and acknowledges systemic constraints. Cultural safety training benchmarks, healthcare management reform and weight‐inclusive healthcare approaches are recommended to assist healthcare providers in delivering effective, holistic and culturally safe care.Patient or Public ContributionInsights gained from conversations with Arab heritage community members with lived experiences regarding weight‐related healthcare encounters informed the study design and approach.
Yao syndrome: a novel systemic autoinflammatory disease with cutaneous manifestations
Authors: Shakhashiro Muna , Sadeghian Shadi , Newcomer Jack , Marzano Angelo Valerio , Maronese Carlo Alberto , Davis John M. , Alavi Afsaneh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractYao syndrome (YAOS) is a novel systemic autoinflammatory disease linked to the nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain (NOD2) gene. It is characterized by periodic fevers, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, arthritis, and dermatitis, among other symptoms. A sparse literature exists on this disease, and little is known about its dermatological manifestations. A review of available literature was performed to characterize the cutaneous manifestations of Yao syndrome. Cutaneous manifestations were documented in 85.7% of patients, with common characteristic descriptions of erythematous patches and plaques involving the face, trunk, abdomen, and extremities. Based on our review of treatment modalities employed for Yao syndrome, prednisone is an appropriate initial approach, with oral sulfasalazine and other disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs serving as appropriate secondary options. YAOS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with a dermatitic rash, especially in the context of concurrent articular symptoms, periodic fever, and GI symptoms.
Molecular Epidemiology of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 in Children With Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Hangzhou
Authors: Guo Ya‐jun , Li Lin , Lai Qin‐rui , Wang Ying‐shuo , Li Wei 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSince the outbreak of COVID‐19, China has undertaken a variety of preventative and control measures, effectively reducing the incidence of numerous infectious diseases among the pediatric population in Hangzhou. We aim to investigate the genetic and epidemiological characteristics of Human parainfluenza virus‐3 (HPIV‐3) in pediatric patients during this period.MethodsA total of 1442 pharyngeal swab samples were collected from outpatients and inpatients with a diagnosis of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) from November 2020 to March 2021. HPIV‐3 was detected by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). The L gene of HPIV‐3 positive samples was amplified and sequenced.ResultsAmong 1442 children with ARTI, the positive rate of HPIV‐3 was 7.07% (102/1442). The positive detection rate was the highest in the 6‐month to 1‐year age group. Coinfection was observed in 36 HPIV‐3‐positive samples (35.29%, 36/102), and adenovirus (ADV) was the most common coinfecting virus (63.89%, 23/36). The L gene of 48 HPIV‐3 positive samples was sequenced. The nucleotide sequence analysis showed high consistency (92.10%–99.40%), and all strains belonged to C3a.ConclusionsDuring study periods, the positive detection rate of HPIV‐3 among children is high, and the highest proportion of coinfection was observed in HPIV‐3 mixed ADV infection. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the nucleotide sequence of the L gene of HPIV‐3 was highly consistent, and the main epidemic strain in this area was the C3a subtype.
Silicon‐Mediated Drought Tolerance: An Enigmatic Perspective in the Root–Soil Interphase
Authors: Bardhan Kirti , Gayan Anjuma , Padukkage Duwini , Datta Avishek , Chen Yinglong , Penna Suprasanna 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTDrought is one of the major yield‐limiting factors under climatic adversaries. The positive role of silicon (Si) in drought tolerance of plants has unfolded a new avenue for enhancing crop productivity through better Si use efficiency. It is hence interesting to understand the mechanistic insights pertaining to its beneficial roles under drought stress conditions. Higher plants sense drought stress via roots which, regulate aboveground plant growth under stress. Cellular and molecular modulations occurring at the root and soil interphases influence the survival and growth of plants under drought stress; therefore, it is intriguing to know how Si influences the soil–root interphase and how this interaction augments overall plant growth under drought. In this review, we summarised the roles of Si in the root systems, rhizosphere and their interactions that could improve plant's growth and development under drought conditions. We have discussed the direct and indirect effects of Si‐induced belowground changes on plant roots, soil physical, chemical and biological properties, and their mutual interactions in eliciting defence signalling, including hormone signalling pathways. A mechanistic model of Si‐induced beneficial effects in water‐limited environments is suggested, which could help improve the management of rainfed croplands through Si fertilisation.
Microwave sintering of CaBi2Nb2O9 ceramics for improved piezoelectric response and electrical resistivity
Authors: Zhang Ceng , Yu Hongcai , Sun Jing , Wang Zhuojian , Chen Gongtian , Lan Zhenli , Wang Jianing , Xu Shaoqing , Zhou Zhiyong , Hong Jiawang , Li Hao , Yang Bin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCaBi2Nb2O9 (CBN) ceramic is a promising sensing element to convert vibration to electrical signal at temperatures higher than 600°C. However, conventionally sintered ceramics suffer from poor piezoelectric coefficient (d33) and low electrical resistivity (ρdc). Here, we report that CBN ceramics can be prepared by microwave sintering (MS) to mitigate volatilization issue of Bi2O3 and thus suppress the generation of oxygen vacancies usually seen in conventional sintering (CS) as demonstrated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis and mass‐loss measurement. As compared to the CS, the MS is more favorable for reducing the sintering time, and obtaining a dense, fine, and uniform grain morphology as revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterizations of both surface and interior of the CBN ceramics, leading to an enhancement of 86% and 75% in d33 and ρdc, respectively. Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) as combined with Rayleigh law analysis clearly revealed that the enhancement of piezoelectric properties was attributed to the thinner domains, the higher domain wall density, and the enhanced domain wall motion in the MS‐940 samples. This study paves an important road to simultaneously improve both d33 and ρdc in CBN ceramics for developing high‐temperature vibration sensors.
Development of a sexual consent intervention for adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities
Authors: Greene Alison , Baugh Mika , Sherwood‐Laughlin Catherine , Greathouse Lisa , Galyan Jordyn , Simić Stanojević Ivanka , Sangmo Dechen , Jozkowski Kristen , Dubie Melissa , Chow Angela 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundTailored sexuality education for adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities is a crucial, yet unmet, need as this population is particularly at risk for sexual abuse and victimisation. However, there are no evidence‐based interventions to specifically address this need. This paper presents the development of an intervention framework to address equity in sexuality education and support adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities to understand and provide sexual consent, a foundational aspect of sexuality education and sexual health.MethodsThe Sexual Health Equity Project team used a Community‐Based Participatory Research approach to develop a four‐module sexual consent intervention for adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities. We leveraged a diverse, interdisciplinary team in a suburban Midwestern school district, and used Backward Design to create objectives and assessments which were rooted in findings from qualitative data by special education teachers.ResultsThe resulting sexual consent intervention, Ask Me First—Choices, is comprised of four modules covering topics including definition of sexual consent; decision‐making strategies and practice; communicating consent and refusal, identifying situations of consent and non‐consent; and legal issues surrounding consent. Each module is divided into five components for content delivery: (1) introduction, (2) lecture, (3) supplemental activity, (4) assessment, and (5) conclusion. We detail the intervention's unique aspects, emphasising areas where we used Universal Design for Learning principles to support teachers' instruction and students' learning.ConclusionOur efforts to create a sexual consent intervention directly address sexuality education equity issues. We offer commentary on our design process and decisions, as well as recommendations for future groups who want to develop sexual health interventions in similar contexts for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Next steps include further testing and validation of the sexual consent intervention to build the evidence‐base of sexuality education for adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities.
Study of an auxiliary trimming device for cracked carrots
Authors: Xu Jingshen , Lv Lanlan , Zheng Zhaohui , Ren Liuyang , Fu Hanyu , Yang Pei , Xie Weijun , Yang Deyong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCracked carrots account for a large proportion of defective carrots, which are usually discarded or used as feed, resulting in resource waste and economic benefit loss. Cracked carrots can be used as raw materials for further processed carrot products after being trimmed. So, an auxiliary device was developed combining PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and machine vision to achieve clamping and crack defect localization for intelligent trimming of crack defect. The carrot was orientated based on the area method, rotated by flexible jaws and a rotating cylinder to make the carrot head and tail aligned. The clamping device could non‐destructively clamp carrot in axial and radial direction with a force threshold of 10 and 22 N respectively, and rotate carrot to make the crack defect upwards. The results showed that the recognition accuracy of carrot head and tail orientation was 98%, the average deviation of carrot centroid clamping position was less than 9 mm at a speed of 300 mm/s, the rotational positioning time was less than 3 s and the number of adjustments were no more than 2 at a motor speed of 180 rpm, which could meet the subsequent trimming requirements.Practical applicationsTrimming the cracked area of carrots can reduce bacterial growth and decay, which is beneficial for subsequent processing and reduces resource waste. This article designs a carrot auxiliary trimming device, which uses image processing technology to recognize the orientation of the head and tail of carrots and the cracked area, and uses automated equipment to achieve stable clamping of carrots and make the cracked area face the trimming tool. This study is beneficial for the refined management of agricultural products.
Impact of migraine and fibromyalgia on temporomandibular disorder: A retrospective study on pain, psychological factors and quality of life
Authors: Yakkaphan Pankaew , Lambru Giorgio , Renton Tara 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study assessed the impact of migraine and fibromyalgia (FM) in TMD patients, focusing on pain, anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QoL). Additionally, we investigated how these variables relate to the total number of comorbidities to gain insights into their interactions.MethodsA retrospective data collection was conducted during January 2016 to December 2022, involving 409 adult TMD patients. TMD patients were categorised into four groups: those without comorbidity (TMD‐only) and those with comorbid migraine and/or fibromyalgia (TMD + MG, TMD + FM and TMD + MG + FM). Quantitative variables were compared among them. Linear regression was used to analyse the associations between these variables.ResultsMost of study population were women (79%) with a mean age of 44.43 years. TMD + MG patients reported longer pain duration, higher pain scores and greater pain interference compared with TMD‐only patients. Similarly, TMD + FM patients had higher pain intensity than patients with TMD only. Both the TMD + MG and TMD + FM groups had higher levels of anxiety, depression, and health impairment compared with patients with TMD only. Patients with all three pain conditions (TMD + MG + FM) experienced the longest pain duration, highest pain intensity, psychological distress, and impaired QoL. The result showed positive associations between pain outcomes, psychological measures, pain's impact on QoL, and the number of comorbidities and a negative association between overall health states and the number of comorbidities.ConclusionsThese findings underscore the importance of considering the presence of comorbidities and addressing physical and psychological aspects in the management of TMD patients.
Positive Youth Development Approach to School Safety: A Comprehensive Conceptual Framework*
Authors: Stilwell Sarah M. , Heinze Justin E. , Hsieh Hsing‐Fang , Torres Emily , Grodzinski Alison , Zimmerman Marc 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDYouth violence, victimization, and bullying are pervasive in schools across the United States and are detrimental for learning and healthy development. K‐12 school safety is an increasingly urgent issue to research and understand from multiple perspectives. Physical and psychological safety in school is linked to better student and school outcomes and is fundamental to fostering well‐being and prosocial behavior.METHODSDespite research demonstrating positive outcomes associated with school safety, there is no comprehensive conceptual model in the literature that considers precursors, strategies, mechanisms, and outcomes of school safety together. The current paper presents an equity‐centered comprehensive model of school safety, which is intended as a holistic representation of the multiple factors and pathways that contribute to school safety and positive youth development.RESULTSThis model can guide research and practice through an equity‐centered and comprehensive approach. This model can enable practitioners, researchers, and policymakers to make informed decisions and reach consensus regarding planning and decisions related to reducing violence and establishing supportive school environments.CONCLUSIONOur model suggests that a comprehensive approach can ensure the safety and well‐being of students and staff. By thinking ecologically, schools, communities, and stakeholders can ensure that all aspects of the school context are included in school safety.
Facilitators and Barriers to Implementing a Comprehensive Sexual Health Education Policy in Chicago Public Schools
Authors: Belcher Kristen , Fishman Emily , Ramirez‐Mercado Kat , Marshall Booker , DiPaolo Marisa , Jarpe‐Ratner Elizabeth 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDIn 2013, the Chicago Public Schools (CPS) district passed a policy requiring schools to deliver comprehensive sexual health education (SHE) to all K‐12th grade students. A performance improvement case study was conducted in the 2019‐2020 school year to evaluate the implementation of the policy and identify lessons learned to support implementation in schools.METHODSKey informant interviews were conducted with 11 school principals and 29 teachers to discuss SHE implementation at their school. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed to assess school and classroom factors that affect implementation. Themes that cut across these factors were then identified and summarized by 2 evaluators.RESULTSThe following themes were identified across key informant interviews: (a) principal prioritization of SHE helps ensure SHE is implemented, (b) the expansion of school and teacher capacity facilitates SHE implementation, and (c) the creation of accountability mechanisms in classrooms and schools fosters adherence to SHE policy.CONCLUSIONSPrincipals play a crucial role in building capacity to deliver SHE and ensuring SHE accountability mechanisms are implemented in their school. CPS is using these findings to adjust technical assistance and resources provided to principals and SHE instructors.
Eye care following pre‐school vision screening: Data from the Growing Up in New Zealand study
Authors: Findlay Rebecca W , Anstice Nicola S , Black Joanna M , Grant Cameron C , Chelimo Carol 
Published: July 2024

AimThis study aimed to determine adherence with follow‐up from the New Zealand pre‐school vision screening programme. The study also examined associations between pre‐school vision screening outcomes and cognitive measures assessed at the 54‐month follow‐up in the Growing Up in New Zealand study cohort.MethodsA cross‐sectional retrospective record review of pre‐school vision screening outcomes and hospital ophthalmology records with linkage to Growing Up in New Zealand cohort study data.ResultsOf 176 children referred from vision screening, 21.6% did not attend a referral appointment. Of 138 children who attended a referral appointment, 21.0% did not attend one or more follow‐up appointments. Ethnic differences were observed in attendance at referral appointments (attended Māori 13%, Pacific 22.5%, European/Other 64.5%; not attended Māori 26.3%, Pacific 28.9%, European/Other 44.7%; P = 0.04) and follow‐up appointments (attended Māori 11.9%, Pacific 15.6%, European/Other 72.5%; not attended Māori 17.2%, Pacific 48.3%, European/Other 34.5%; P = 0.001). Vision screening outcome was significantly associated with letter naming fluency scores (P = 0.01) but not name and numbers scores (P = 0.05).ConclusionsNon‐attendance at referral and follow‐up appointments limits the efficacy of vision screening, particularly for children of Māori and Pacific ethnicity. Children referred from vision screening achieve lower scores on letter naming fluency, a key predictor of reading ability in later childhood. Equity‐based improvements are required to ensure that all children referred from vision screening receive appropriate follow‐up eye care.
First report of the nematode‐trapping fungus Arthrobotrys thaumasia in Türkiye and its biocontrol potential against Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Eken Cafer , Uysal Gülsüm , Demir Dudu , Çalişkan Selda , Sevindik Emre , Çağlayan Kardelen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRoot‐knot nematodes, particularly, Meloidogyne incognita, are among the most destructive endoparasitic nematodes, infecting a diverse range of plant hosts. Nematode‐trapping fungi are known for their potential application as biological control agents against plant parasitic nematodes. In the present study, the nematode‐trapping fungus Arthrobotrys thaumasia was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of tomato plants in the West Mediterranean Region of Türkiye. Two hundred and twenty‐three tomato plant rhizosphere soil samples yielded six nematode‐trapping fungal isolates, giving an occurrence frequency of 2.69%. Using morphology and molecular marker sequences (ITS and β‐tubulin loci), the species of the fungi was confirmed to be A. thaumasia. In vitro, A. thaumasia reduced second‐stage juveniles of M. incognita by 77.5% (isolate I‐Y4‐2) and 72.5% (isolate B‐G5‐1). This is the first report on the isolation and characterization of the nematode‐trapping fungus A. thaumasia from Türkiye. Two isolates of A. thaumasia (I‐Y4‐2 and B‐G5‐1) appear to be promising biological control agents that may be utilized for controlling M. incognita‐caused root‐knot diseases.
An empirical assessment of two testable hypotheses of the Sraffian Supermultiplier for Argentina
Authors: Dvoskin Ariel , Médici Florencia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe conduct empirical analyses on Argentina from 1998 to 2023 to provide new evidence that GDP growth rate ultimately depends on the growth rate of autonomous demand, in line with the Sraffian Supermultiplier (SSM). Firstly, we estimate a Vector Equilibrium Correction Model (VECM) to establish the weak exogeneity of autonomous demand components, with output adjusting to long‐run deviations between these autonomous components and GDP. Secondly, we test a mechanism adjusting productive capacity to demand based on the flexible accelerator principle. Employing a VAR analysis, we present evidence that investment share is Granger‐caused by GDP, supporting the SSM framework.
Southern right whale behavioral changes due to interactions with whale‐watching vessels: evidence‐based calculations aimed at improving management policies
Authors: Arias Magdalena , Dans Silvana , Crespo Enrique A. , González Raúl A. C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInteractions between whale‐watching vessels and cetaceans have raised questions regarding the sustainability of whale‐watching. This study aimed to build a model for managing whale‐watching activity. The approach involved establishing vessel‐exposure thresholds based on changes in short‐term behavioral responses of southern right whales in the Bahía San Antonio Marine Protected Area of Argentina. The model serves as a source of information for management decision‐making in whale‐watching operations, with an estimated framework for the maximum carrying capacity dictating the vessel‐exposure level that can be maintained with no significant changes in the whales' activity budgets. The model, based on Markov chains, indicated that surface active behavior was the form most sensitive to the presence of tourism vessels. However, vessel exposure always remained below nonsustainability threshold, defined as the amount of time that a whale could be disturbed by vessels without significantly changing its activity budget. Therefore, the observed changes were biologically insignificant. Thus, whale watching in this area is developing with minimal impact on southern right whales. An understanding of the exposure thresholds is essential for establishing management strategies that enable sustainable whale watching. This approach is crucial for setting limits within a scenario of future growth and reducing activity when demand exceeds the carrying capacity.