bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A better understanding of basic science may help our management of LUTS/LUTD in older persons with nocturnal polyuria and nocturia: ICI‐RS 2024
Authors: Kanai Anthony , Everaert Karel , Apostolidis Apostolos , Fry Christopher , Tyagi Pradeep , Van Huele Andries , Vahabi Bahareh , Bower Wendy , Wein Alan , Abrams Paul 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsTo discuss the role of autocrine/paracrine signaling of urothelial arginine vasopressin (AVP) on mammalian bladder capacities and micturition thresholds, impact of distension on water/urea reabsorption from the bladder, review of the literature to better characterize the central/peripheral effects of AVP, desmopressin (dAVP) toxicity, and urine biomarkers of nocturia.MethodsThis review summarizes discussions during an International Consultation on Incontinence‐Research Society 2024 think tank with respect to the role of urothelial AVP in aged individuals with nocturnal polyuria, impact of solute and water reabsorption by the bladder on uninterrupted sleep, central effects of AVP, pharmacological basis of dAVP toxicity, and biomarkers in nocturia/lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) with neurological diseases.ResultsConsensus recognized AVP function and pathways in the central nervous system (CNS), pre‐proAVP localized using immunohistochemistry in bladder sections from adult/aged noncancerous human punch biopsies and rodent bladder sections is likely to accelerate the systemic uptake of water and urea from the bladder of anesthetized mice instilled with 3H‐water and 14C‐urea. Mechanisms for charged and uncharged solutes and water transport across the bladder, mechanism of dAVP toxicity, and utility of urine biomarkers in those with neurological diseases/nocturia were determined from literature reviews.ConclusionPre‐proAVP is present in human/rodent bladders and may be involved in water reabsorption from bladder that prevents the sensation of fullness for uninterrupted sleep in healthy adults. The mechanism of action of AVP in the CNS was discussed, as was electrolyte/water transport across the bladder, the basis for dAVP toxicity, and feasibility of urine biomarkers to identify nocturia/LUTD with neurological diseases.
Considerations for event‐related gamma‐aminobutyric acid functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Mullins Paul G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe use of sequential proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to follow glutamate and gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) changes during functional task‐based paradigms, functional MRS (fMRS), has increased. This technique has been used to investigate GABA dynamics during both sensory and behavioural tasks, usually with long ‘block design’ paradigms. Recently, there has been an increase in interest in the use of short stimuli and ‘event‐related’ tasks. While changes in glutamate can be readily followed by collecting multiple individual transients (or shots), measurement of GABA, especially at 3 T, is usually performed using editing techniques like Mescher–Garwood point‐resolved spectroscopy (MEGA‐PRESS), which by its nature is a dual shot approach. This poses problems when considering an event‐related experiment, where it is unclear when GABA may change, or how this may affect the individual subspectra of the MEGA‐PRESS acquisition. To address this issue, MEGA‐PRESS data were simulated to reflect the effect of a transient change in GABA concentration due to a short event‐related stimulus. The change in GABA was simulated for both the ON and OFF subspectra, and the effect of three different conditions (increase only during ON acquisition, increase during OFF acquisition and increase across both) on the corresponding edited GABA spectrum was modelled. Results show that a transient increase in GABA that only occurs during the ON subspectral acquisition, while not changing the results much from when GABA is changed across both conditions, will give a much larger change in the edited GABA spectrum than a transient increase that occurs only during the OFF subspectral acquisition. These results suggest that researchers should think carefully about the design of any event‐related fMRS studies using MEGA‐PRESS, as well as the analysis of other functional paradigms where transient changes in GABA may be expected. Experimental design considerations are therefore discussed, and suggestions are made.
Survey of nutrition screening practices in pediatric hospitals across the United States
Authors: Rudie Coral , Persaud Sabrina , Hron Bridget M. , Raymond Michelle , Huh Susanna Y. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundNutrition screening on admission is critically important to systematically identify patients with undernutrition given the known relationship with deleterious clinical outcomes. Limited data exist regarding optimal processes and criteria for pediatric nutrition screening. Therefore, we sought to characterize nutrition screening practices in pediatric hospitals.MethodsA total of 365 inpatient pediatric hospitals in the United States were identified, eligible, and contacted. Eligible hospitals included general pediatric hospitals, adult hospitals with pediatric units, and specialty pediatric hospitals. One respondent at each eligible hospital was asked to complete a 33‐question survey of admission nutrition screening practices.ResultsOf 268 survey respondents, 37% represented pediatric units in adult hospitals, 35% general pediatric hospitals, and 28% pediatric specialty or psychiatric hospitals. A total of 98.5% endorsed the existence of a screening process on admission. Anthropometrics (eg, body mass index z score, 84%) and nutrition status (eg, change in intake, 67%) were the most common screening criteria applied. A nutrition screening instrument was used in 37% of institutions, and only 31% of institutions reported using pediatric‐specific screening instruments. Pediatric units within adult hospitals were 1.38 times more likely to use a screening instrument validated in any population. Barriers to nutrition screening included the lack of a standard screening procedure and insufficient staff to conduct screening. Fifty‐four percent of respondents reported a desire to change their hospital's nutrition screening process.ConclusionMost pediatric hospitals screen for nutrition risk on admission. However, methods and criteria varied widely across pediatric hospitals, highlighting the importance of standardized best practices.
Meniere's Disease and Statins: Is There an Association? A Single Institution Study
Authors: Bulbul Mustafa G. , Wanstreet Tyler , Kais Amani , Jones Garrett H. , Kellermeyer Brian M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMeniere's disease (MD) is a complex inner ear disease related to endolymphatic hydrops and with multiple other etiologies suggested including autoimmunity and vascular insufficiency. Statins are lipid‐lowering medications with additional effects including reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation. We performed a cross‐sectional study comparing patients with MD on statins to those not on statins to see if there is any difference in disease activity (major vertigo spells) and hearing stage utilizing linear and logistic regression. Our analysis showed no difference in the average number of major vertigo spells per month (β = .07, P = .9) between statin users and nonusers; however, statin users were found to have lower odds of worse hearing (odds ratio = 0.46, P = .047). Further studies are needed to confirm our results.
From cash to conservation: Which wildlife species appear on banknotes?
Authors: Newbery Beaudee , Morrison Clare , Castley J. Guy 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The use of wildlife imagery in society is highly varied and could contribute to reinforcing national identity. Standard depictions of wildlife include photographs, video, artwork and symbols or icons, including on currency.

We investigated the representation of native fauna on 4541 banknotes from 207 countries between 1980 and 2017, to identify geographic hotspots and taxonomic patterns and determine whether threatened and endemic species were more readily represented.

Native fauna was depicted on 15.2% of banknotes reviewed (352 unique species) with a strong bias towards terrestrial species (89%) and a dominance of bird and mammal species (83% combined). African banknotes had the highest mammal representation while birds were favoured in South America. Globally, threatened species were commonly depicted on banknotes with 30% of all imagery representing these species.

The fauna species depicted on banknotes generally perpetuate existing perceptions about these species (i.e., charismatic species). We recommend several avenues for further investigation to explore relationships between perceived value and wildlife representation. These include longitudinal studies of how representation changes over time, the inclusion of flora and/or coin imagery, identifying species‐specific traits for selected wildlife and examining the decision‐making processes governing wildlife imagery on banknotes.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
The influence of sizing treatment on the mechanical and morphological properties of carbon fiber reinforced polyphenylene sulfide composites
Authors: Liu Junjie , Peng Xionghou , Liu Qi , Chen Yang , Zhou Shengtai , Liang Mei , Zou Huawei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCarbon fiber reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTPs) demonstrate promising applications in engineering sectors, and the interfacial interaction between CFs and the matrix plays a significant role in determining the properties of CFRPs. This work attempted to study the influence of sizing agent on the properties of polyphenylene sulfide/CF (PPS/CF) composites with an aim to fabricate PPS/CF composites with enhanced mechanical properties. The results showed that the use of 2 wt% boron phenolic resin as the sizing agent favored the formation of a uniform interfacial layer on the surface of CFs. Contact angle tests revealed that corresponding sized CFs exhibited the smallest contact angle and the highest surface energy among the studied systems. As a result, the sizing agents acted as a protective layer for CFs during melt processing process, which mitigated the damage to the CFs. The average length of CFs was longer after melt extrusion process which was vital for achieving high mechanical performance of PPS/CF composites.Highlights
Coating sizing agent protected CFs from being fractured during melt processing.
Applying 2 wt% BPR sizing agent yielded the best interfacial performance.
The tensile strength and Yong's modulus of PPS/CFB2 reached as high as 155.9 and 7618.21 MPa.
The tensile fracture mode between BPR‐treated CFs and PPS was cohesive damage.
Comparative study on metabolite variations of two rose teas by plant metabolomics and revealing their skin‐whitening candidates by spectrum–effect relationship analysis
Authors: Xu Jian , Ye Hongwei , Zhang Xindan , Lv Yangbin , Tong Shengqiang , Liu Biao , Ou Zhimin , Chu Chu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionRosa rugosa var. plena Rehd (CBR) and Rosa chinensis cv. “JinBian” (JBR) are two common species used in rose tea among different original species. CBR, the officially documented original plant of the rose species for food and medicinal purposes, is more costly than JBR. With increasing demand for different rose teas, it is meaningful to compare the chemical constituents for their quality control and reveal their skin‐whitening components that will provide in‐depth insights for the expansion of the rose tea industry.ObjectiveThis study aims to reveal the chemical variances between CBR and JBR and determine their skin‐whitening components.MethodologyA strategy obtained by combining MS‐based plant‐metabolomics with spectrum–effect relationship analysis has been proposed for unveiling chemical differences between CBR and JBR and further exploring their potential skin‐whitening components.ResultsA total of 2030 metabolites were found that revealed considerable differences between CBR and JBR. The results of bioactivity assay demonstrated that JBR exhibited stronger tyrosinase inhibition activity than CBR. Six potential skin‐whitening compounds (di‐O‐galloyl‐HHDP‐glucoside, tri‐O‐galloyl‐HHDP‐glucoside, spiraeoside, quinic acid, rugosin A, and 1,2,3,6‐tetra‐O‐galloyl‐glucose) were discovered as potential tyrosinase inhibitors, via spectrum–effect relationship analysis. This is the first time that di‐O‐galloyl‐HHDP‐glucoside, tri‐O‐galloyl‐HHDP‐glucoside, rugosin A, and 1,2,3,6‐tetra‐O‐galloyl‐glucose have been reported with tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Additionally, molecular docking analysis was used to reveal the inhibition mechanism of these compounds toward tyrosinase.ConclusionThe finding of this study will be of great importance for the quality control of the two types of rose teas, and the revealed active ingredients will provide in‐depth insights for the expansion of the rose tea industry.
Eco‐friendly enhancement of poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) bridgeable composites using natural cotton stalk: A novel approach to improved mechanical, barrier properties, and compatibility
Authors: Tsou Chi‐Hui , Luo Hang , Lin Shang‐Ming , Preuksarattanawut Charasphat , Potiyaraj Pranut , Wu Chin‐San , Ge Fei‐Fan , Du Juan , Wei Xiaomei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the potential of using natural cotton stalk (CS) to enhance the properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) composite materials. Simple processed CS, used as a bio‐based filler, is integrated into the PLA/PBAT matrix with the objective of improving mechanical properties, barrier performance, and compatibility, while simultaneously reducing costs and environmental impact. The experiments conducted include tensile testing, scanning electron microscopy analysis, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, X‐ray diffraction study, thermogravimetric analysis, contact angle measurement, water absorption tests, as well as water vapor and oxygen permeability tests. The results demonstrate that the inclusion of CS significantly enhances the mechanical properties and crystallinity of PLA/PBAT composites, along with increasing their water vapor and oxygen barrier capabilities. Compared to PLA/PBAT without CS, the addition of 2% CS to PLA/PBAT led to substantial improvements in tensile strength and elongation at break, with increases of 21.5%, 41.6%, and 74.4%, respectively. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy analyses indicate that the incorporation of CS promotes the compatibility and chemical interaction between PLA and PBAT, thereby enhancing various properties of the composite material. Image analysis revealed that the distribution area of CS fibers in the polymer matrix increased with content up to a peak at 2% but decreased at higher contents due to severe agglomeration, leading to uneven distribution and performance decline. This work proposes three possible reasons for the improvement in water vapor and oxygen permeability performance. Overall, the analysis suggests that an optimal amount of CS can effectively enhance multiple properties of PLA/PBAT composites, while excessive CS may lead to a decline in performance.Highlights
Cotton stalk (CS) boosts polylactic acid/poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PLA/PBAT) tensile strength by 21.5% and elongation by 41.6% at 2% inclusion.
CS addition enhances water vapor and oxygen barrier properties of PLA/PBAT.
Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy show CS improves PLA/PBAT compatibility and strength.
Optimal CS content at 2% identified for best mechanical and barrier performance.
Study validates using agricultural waste as fillers in eco‐friendly composites.
Efficacy of mirror neuron system‐based therapy for rehabilitation of upper limb orthopedic conditions: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Stonsaovapak Chernkhuan , Koonalinthip Nantawan , Kitisomprayoonkul Wasuwat 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis is to assess the efficacy of mirror neuron system‐based therapy for managing pain and improving motor and upper limb function in patients with upper limb orthopedic conditions.Literature SurveySystematic bibliographical searches of the PubMed, SCOPUS, and CENTRAL registries and databases up to September 2023 were conducted to find randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of mirror neuron system‐based therapy for rehabilitation of upper limb orthopedic conditions.MethodologyTwo reviewers assessed the RCTs using a Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool and extracted data from studies with similar outcome measures in the domains of pain, motor function, or functional score, which were pooled into meta‐analyses.SynthesisThe review included 13 studies to compare the efficacy of mirror neuron system‐based therapy with that of conventional rehabilitation programs. The therapy reduced pain intensity (mean difference [MD] 2.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.46–2.63) and kinesiophobia (MD 8.43, 95% CI 6.98 to 9.88), and increased grip strength (MD 1.86, 95% CI 0.28–3.45). The therapy also improved upper limb functional outcomes as assessed by the 30‐item Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire score (MD 13.52, 95% CI 10.63–16.41). However, the outcomes as assessed by the 11‐item QuickDASH questionnaire and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) were not superior to conventional rehabilitation.ConclusionsMirror neuron system‐based therapy for rehabilitation of upper limb orthopedic conditions may reduce pain intensity and kinesophobia, and improve grip strength and DASH scores compared with conventional rehabilitation programs. However, this interpretation is limited by the heterogeneity and various quality of the RCTs included in our meta‐analysis.
Melt‐functionalization of cellulose nanocrystals using dynamic hindered ureas
Authors: Oluz Zehra , Macke Nicholas , Candelaria Sarah , Ambus Abrianna , Zemborain Aurora , Udemgba Chinwe S. , Weiss Adam M. , Calvino Céline , Rowan Stuart J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCellulose nanocrystal (CNC)‐reinforced composites are gaining commercial attention on account of their high strength and sustainable sourcing. Grafting polymers to the CNCs in these composites has the potential to improve their properties, but current solution‐based synthesis methods limit their production at scale. Utilizing dynamic hindered urea chemistry, a new method for the melt‐functionalization of cellulose nanocrystals has been developed. This method does not require toxic solvents during the grafting step and can achieve grafting densities competitive with state‐of‐the‐art solution‐based grafting methods. Using cotton‐sourced, TEMPO‐oxidized CNCs, multiple molecular weights of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as well as dodecane, polycaprolactone, and poly(butyl acrylate) were grafted to the CNC surface. With PEG‐grafted nanoparticles, grafting densities of 0.47 chains nm−2 and 0.10 chains nm−2 were achieved with 2000 and 10,000 g mol−1 polymer chains respectively, both of which represent significant improvements over previous reports for solution‐based PEG grafting onto CNCs.
Clinical drug interactions between linezolid and other antibiotics: For adverse drug event monitoring
Authors: Shu Ling , Huo Ben‐nian , Yin Nan‐ge , Xie Hong‐jun , Erbu Aga , Ai Mao‐lin , Jia Yun‐tao , Song Lin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDetailed data on safety associated with drug–drug interactions (DDIs) between Linezolid (LZD) and other antibiotics are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety signals related to these DDIs and to provide a reference for clinically related adverse drug event monitoring. Adverse event (AE) information from 1 January 2004 to 16 June 2022 of the target antibiotics including LZD using alone or in combination with LZD was extracted from the OpenVigil FDA data platform for safety signal analysis. The combined risk ratio model, reporting ratio method, Ω shrinkage measure model, and chi‐square statistics model were used to analyze the safety signals related to DDIs. Meanwhile, we evaluated the correlation and the influence of sex and age between the drug(s) and the target AE detected. There were 18991 AEs related to LZD. There were 2293, 1726, 4449, 821, 2431, 1053, and 463 AE reports when LZD was combined with amikacin, voriconazole, meropenem, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, piperacillin‐tazobactam, and azithromycin, respectively. Except for azithromycin, there were positive safety signals related to DDIs between LZD and these antibiotics. These DDIs might influence the incidence of 13, 16, 7, 7, 6, and 15 types of AEs, respectively, and is associated with higher reporting rates of AEs compared with use alone. Moreover, sex and age might influence the occurrence of AEs. We found that the combinations of LZD and other antibiotics are related to multiple AEs, such as hepatotoxicity, drug resistance and electrocardiogram QT prolonged, but further research is still required to investigate their underlying mechanisms. This study can provide a new reference for the safety monitoring of LZD combined with other antibiotics in clinical practice.
The sublethal impacts of five insecticidal formulations on Oryzaephilus surinamensis behavioral traits
Authors: Kavallieratos Nickolas G. , Boukouvala Maria C. , Eleftheriadou Nikoleta , Xefteri Despoina N. , Gidari Demeter Lorentha S. , Kyrpislidi Vasiliki Panagiota C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDMortality caused by various pyrethroids, and neonicotinoids has been studied for stored‐product insects in the past, yet limited information exists on the sublethal effects they can induce to Oryzaephilus surinamensis. In the current study, the sublethal effects of deltamethrin, λ‐cyhalothrin, α‐cypermethrin, etofenprox, and the mixture of acetamiprid with d‐tetramethrin and piperonyl butoxide on the mobility of O. surinamensis in the presence or the absence of a food source was investigated.RESULTSLethal concentrations (LCs) were lower for deltamethrin, α‐cypermethrin, and λ‐cyhalothrin (LC10 = 0.000233, 0.000211, and 0.000271 mg active ingredient (a.i.) cm−2, LC30 = 0.000413, 0.000398, and 0.000447 mg a.i. cm−2, respectively), followed by etofenprox, and the mixture of acetamiprid with d‐tetramethrin and piperonyl butoxide (LC10 = 0.00228 and 0.003267 mg a.i. cm−2, LC30 = 0.00437 and 0.01188 mg a.i. cm−2, respectively). Deltamethrin and λ‐cyhalothrin negatively impacted adult walking behavior, increasing stop durations compared to controls. Adults exposed to LC10 and LC30 of λ‐cyhalothrin, and LC30 of deltamethrin exhibited prolonged periods on their backs compared to the remaining treatments and the controls. The α‐cypermethrin LC30‐exposed adults exhibited significantly shorter walking and stopping durations than controls but demonstrated prolonged climbing on the arena walls compared to adults exposed to the remaining a.i. and the control. A similar trend was observed for etofenprox.CONCLUSIONSUnder sublethal concentrations, λ‐cyhalothrin and deltamethrin increased stop intervals and reduced the duration of climbing attempts of O. surinamensis versus α‐cypermethrin. These findings advance comprehension of the underexplored sublethal impacts of the tested a.i. on O. surinamensis adults, holding potential for leveraging insecticide‐induced behavioral effects to enhance warehouse pest management. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.