bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Weizhuan’an on rats with precancerous lesions of gastric cancer based on regulating gastric mucosal microflora and inflammatory factors
Authors: Lu Yuting , Liu Huayi , Shang Jiaju , Mao Yijia , Meng Lingkai , Gao Changbai 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesThis study aimed to observe the intervention of Weizhuan’an prescription on rats with precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC) as well as its regulation on gastric mucosal microflora and inflammatory factors and explore the pharmacodynamic mechanisms of Weizhuan’an Formula.MethodsThe rats were classified into the blank control group (BCG); low-, medium-, and high-dose groups of Weizhuan’an prescription (LDG, MDG, and HDG, respectively); and natural recovery group (NRG) at random. The rats in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) group were given corresponding doses of Weizhuan’an formula, while the rats in the NRG and BCG were given an equivalent volume of distilled water for 12 weeks. After that, gastric mucosa samples of rats were collected to observe the general and pathological changes in the gastric mucosa; the changes in gastric mucosal microflora were detected by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing, and the inflammatory factors were analyzed by cytokine antibody microarray and Western blotting.ResultsThe results suggest that compared with the BCG, the pathology of gastric mucosa and gastric mucosal microflora and inflammatory factors in rats with PLGC have changed significantly, while Weizhuan’an formula effectively improved them, especially in the MDG and HDG (p &lt; 0.05). Compared with the NRG, the abundance of probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Veillonella were increased, while the abundance of pathogens such as Proteobacteria and Pseudomonas was decreased (p &lt; 0.05, p &lt; 0.01), and the relative contents of IL-2, IL-4, IL-13, and MCP-1 in gastric mucosa were decreased (p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, it can upregulate the DNA-binding transcriptional regulator, ABC type multidrug transport system, and related enzymes and affect the signaling pathways such as viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor and T cell receptor signaling pathway significantly (p &lt; 0.05, p &lt; 0.01), which can promote drug absorption and utilization and repair damaged gastric mucosa.ConclusionThe study confirmed that Weizhuan’an prescription can treat rats with PLGC by regulating gastric mucosal microflora and inflammatory factors.
Reducing soil and leaf shadow interference in UAV imagery for cotton nitrogen monitoring
Authors: Yin Caixia , Wang Zhenyang , Lv Xin , Qin Shizhe , Ma Lulu , Zhang Ze , Tang Qiuxiang 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIndividual leaves in the image are partly veiled by other leaves, which create shadows on another leaf. To eliminate the interference of soil and leaf shadows on cotton spectra and create reliable monitoring of cotton nitrogen content, one classification method to unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) image pixels is proposed.MethodsIn this work, green light (550 nm) is divided into 10 levels to limit soil and leaf shadows (LS) on cotton spectrum. How many shadow has an influence on cotton spectra may be determined by the strong correlation between the vegetation index (VI) and leaf nitrogen content (LNC). Several machine learning methods were utilized to predict LNC using less disturbed VI. R-Square (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) were used to evaluate the performance of the model.Results(i) after the spectrum were preprocessed by gaussian filter (GF), SG smooth (SG), and combination of GF and SG (GF&amp;SG), the significant relationship between VI and LNC was greatly improved, so the Standard deviation of datasets was also decreased greatly; (ii) the image pixels were classified twice sequentially. Following the first classification, the influence of soil on vegetation index (VI) decreased. Following secondary classification, the influence of soil and LS to VI can be minimized. The relationship between the VI and LNC had improved significantly; (iii) After classifying the image pixels, the VI of 2-3, 2-4, and 2-5 have a stronger relationship with LNC accordingly. Correlation coefficients (r) can reach to 0.5. That optimizes monitoring performance when combined with GF&amp;SG to predict LNC, support vector machine regression (SVMR) has the better performance, R2, RMSE, and MAE up to 0.86, 1.01, and 0.71, respectively. The UAV image classification technique in this study can minimize the negative effects of soil and LS on cotton spectrum, allowing for efficient and timely predict LNC.
Integrative analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome reveals the mechanism of polyphenol biosynthesis in Taraxacum mongolicum
Authors: Zhao Xing , Li Yiguo , Huang Yuanchong , Shen Jun , Xu Huini , Li Kunzhi 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionDandelion is widely used in clinical practice due to its beneficial effects. Polyphenolic compounds are considered the main anti-inflammatory active ingredient of dandelion, but the gene expression patterns of polyphenolic compounds in different dandelion tissues are still unclear.MethodsIn this study, we combined a nontargeted metabolome, PacBio Iso-seq transcriptome, and Illumina RNA-seq transcriptome to investigate the relationship between polyphenols and gene expression in roots, flowers, and leaves of flowering dandelion plants.ResultsEighty-eight flavonoids and twenty-five phenolic acids were identified, and 64 candidate genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and 63 candidate genes involved in chicoric acid biosynthesis were identified. Most flavonoid and chicoric acid-related genes demonstrated the highest content in flowers. RNA-seq analysis revealed that genes involved in polyphenol biosynthesis pathways, such as CHS, CHI, F3H, F3’H, FLS, HQT, and CAS, which are crucial for the accumulation of flavonoids and chicoric acid, were upregulated in flowers.DiscussionThe combination of transcriptomic and metabolomic data can help us better understand the biosynthetic pathways of polyphenols in dandelion. These results provide abundant genetic resources for further studying the regulatory mechanism of dandelion polyphenol biosynthesis.
Care, co-survival, and decency: expanding the understanding of outdoor life and smaller alcohol and drug scenes in Denmark and Norway
Authors: Bach Jonas Strandholdt , Grønnestad Trond Erik , Selbekk Anne Schanche , Bye Vilde Holan , Skjong Amanda 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPublic spaces where alcohol and other drugs are openly used and marginal citizens gather, exist in many Nordic cities. The biggest open drug scenes in the Nordic countries are in cities like Oslo and Copenhagen; however, there are smaller scenes in other cities and suburbs, centered around shed-like structures, offering some form of shelter and a designated space for marginalized people involved in heavy drug and alcohol use who hang out in public space. In this paper, we investigate, in a comparative perspective, the characteristics and functions of smaller open alcohol and drug scenes, and how their existence is negotiated in the local community and among the citizens using them.Methods and materialThis article is a comparative case-study based on data from fieldwork (participating observation and interviews) carried out in two specific, yet somewhat similar, locations in Denmark and Norway between 2017 – 2022. A cross-case analysis was performed to identify commonalities and differences.ResultsSmaller open alcohol and drug scenes are non-regulated spaces of ambivalence and ongoing negotiation in local communities. Based on the data across locations, they represent possibilities for informal care and community for citizens in marginalized situations. The scenes are further, across location, characterized by a mutual agreement of performing decency, e.g., not allowing minor drug sale/use.DiscussionTo enable public spaces as smaller alcohol and drug scenes can play a role in reducing harm for marginalized citizens. Communication and dialogue between citizens using an open drug scene and the wider community may help reduce stigma.
Evaluating the global prevalence of insomnia during pregnancy through standardized questionnaires and diagnostic criteria: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Chengcheng , Fu Rui , Wang Huan , Jiang Yanjie , Zhang Shipeng , Ji Xiaoli 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionInsomnia during pregnancy presents significant medical care challenges and heightens the risk of adverse outcomes for both pregnant women and fetuses. This study undertook a meta-analysis to assess the global prevalence of insomnia during pregnancy, examining both the overall prevalence and regional variations.MethodThe aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of articles indexed in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from the inception of these databases up to February 29, 2024. The study systematically reviewed the global prevalence of gestational insomnia and explored potential moderating factors, encompassing research type, publication date, regional influences, maternal age, pregnancy status, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms.ResultForty-four studies, encompassing a total of 47,399,513 participants, were included in the analysis. The overall prevalence of insomnia symptoms during pregnancy was 43.9%. Regional factors and depression emerged as the main factors affecting insomnia, with Europe (53.6%) surpassing North America (41.0%), followed by South America (50.6%) and Asia (40.7%). High depression rates (56.2%) correlated with increased insomnia prevalence compared to low depression rates (39.8%). The type of research and publication date showed no significant impact on the prevalence of insomnia symptoms.ConclusionThe meta-analysis results indicated that the prevalence of insomnia symptoms was higher during pregnancy, especially among pregnant women who were in a highly depressed state or located in the European region.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO, identifier CRD42018104460.
Association between personality traits and concerns about falling among older patients: the mediating role of subjective age
Authors: Fan Rongrong , Wang Lili , Wang Wenxiu , Zhong Yanan , Zhang Tingting , Yang Xia , Zhu Jing 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundOlder patients are at high risk of falling, and regular assessments of their concerns about falling (CaF) are often recommended. The present study aimed to investigate the association between CaF and personality traits among older patients as well as to elucidate the mediating role of subjective age.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted among 407 patients aged over 60 years in a tertiary hospital located in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, from March 2023 to May 2023. Predesigned electronic questionnaires were distributed to collect relevant data. Four different models (both crude and adjusted weighted linear regression models) were constructed based on the confounders. Confounders were gradually put into the models to control for bias and to examine the stability of the correlations. Bootstrap sampling was employed to examine the mediating role of subjective age.ResultAccording to the fully adjusted model, neuroticism (β = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.31, p for trend = 0.02), extraversion (β = −0.07, 95% CI: −0.15 to 0.001, p for trend = 0.05), and subjective age (β = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.28 to 2.78, p for trend &lt;0.001) were consistently correlated with CaF. Mediating analysis revealed that extraversion was negatively related with CaF both directly and indirectly, via subjective age [23.2% partial effect, bootstrap 95%CI: −0.024(−0.080, −0.000)]. Higher neuroticism was consistently related to older subjective age (β = 0.002, 95% CI: 0.001 to 0.004, p for trend = 0.006), while higher levels of conscientiousness, openness, and extraversion were consistently correlated with younger subjective age(β = −0.002, p for trend = 0.04; β = −0.003, p for trend = 0.003; β = −0.002, p for trend = 0.0, respectively).ConclusionExtraversion and neuroticism were significantly correlated with CaF. Moreover, subjective age partially mediated the relationship between extraversion and CaF. Furthermore, subjective age was found to be associated with both CaF and personality traits. These findings highlighted the important roles of personality traits and subjective age in assessments of CaF and in the development of strategies for preventing falls among older patients.
Creating arts and crafting positively predicts subjective wellbeing
Authors: Keyes Helen , Gradidge Sarah , Forwood Suzanna Elizabeth , Gibson Nic , Harvey Annelie , Kis Evelin , Mutsatsa Karen , Ownsworth Rachel , Roeloffs Shyanne , Zawisza Magdalena 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThis study explored whether engagement with Creating Arts and Crafting (CAC) predicted subjective wellbeing and loneliness, above and beyond known sociodemographic predictors.MethodsSecondary data from 7,182 adults living in England from the Taking Part Survey (a 2019–2020 UK household survey of culture and sport participation) were analyzed. Hierarchical Linear regressions were used to explore the predictive effect of engagement with CAC on aspects of subjective wellbeing (anxiety, happiness, life satisfaction and a sense that life is worthwhile) and loneliness. Covariates included gender, Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), age group, health and employment status.ResultsEngaging in CAC significantly predicted increased life satisfaction, a sense that life is worthwhile and happiness, above and beyond known sociodemographic predictors.ConclusionOur study provides support for the wellbeing benefits of engagement with creating arts and crafting, and we suggest that this will be a useful tool at a public health level, noting that relative accessibility and affordability creating arts and crafting.
Social representations of odors: case study in the Ñuble region, Chile (2019–2023)
Authors: Parada-Ulloa Marcos , Bozo Marambio Jorge , Moreno-Leiva Germán , Vásquez-Burgos Karina , Vega Gutiérrez Oscar , Mansilla-Sepúlveda Juan , Larez-Hernández José , Salazar Cayuleo Héctor , Morales Ojeda Ismael 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe objective of this article is to analyze the social representation of odors and the identity of the population in the Ñuble region between 2019 and 2023. The research focuses on how industrialization and urban and rural development have altered the olfactory landscape of this region. This study seeks to understand how changes in the physical environment affect the representation of odors and how these, in turn, impact the daily lives of residents. The importance of smells is highlighted not only as sensory experiences, but also as social phenomena that influence the perception of the environment and community relationships.MethodsThe research adopts an interpretive approach, combining case studies and analysis of primary sources. The analysis is categorized into two main areas: public policy on odors and the situation of odors in the cities of Chillán Viejo and Chillán. Primary sources include government documents, technical reports, and interviews with residents and local authorities. The interpretive approach allows us to explore the perceptions and subjective experiences of odors among the residents of Ñuble.ResultsThe study reveals that industrialization and urban and rural development have significantly transformed the olfactory landscape of the Ñuble region. In Chillán Viejo and Chillán, residents report changes in odors due to industrial expansion and urbanization. Public odor policy has attempted to mitigate negative impacts, but results have been mixed. While some measures have improved air quality, others have been insufficient to address community concerns.Discussion and conclusionSmells in Ñuble are not merely sensory experiences, but social phenomena that deeply affect the daily lives of residents. The perception of smells is closely linked to the identity and history of the region. Changes in the olfactory landscape have generated both adaptations and resistance among inhabitants. Public policies must consider not only the technical aspects of air quality, but also the social and cultural dimensions of odors. This study highlights the need to address odors as an integral part of urban planning and environmental policy to improve the quality of life of residents in Ñuble.
Bacillus spp. Isolated from Miang as Potential Probiotics in Nile Tilapia Culture—In Vitro Research
Authors: Anyairo Chioma Stella , Unban Kridsada , Wongputtisin Pairote , Rojtinnakorn Jiraporn , Shetty Kalidas , Khanongnuch Chartchai 
Published: August 2024

Among 79 Bacillus spp. isolated from Miang, a fermented tea in north Thailand, 17 Bacillus strains were selected with probiotic potential in Nile tilapia culture based on the capabilities of bacteriocin production and associated antimicrobial activities against fish pathogens, Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus agalactiae. However, only six isolates were selected for further extensive studies based on the strength of their antimicrobial activities and their tolerance against simulated gastrointestinal conditions. The molecular identification by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that five isolates, K2.1, K6.1, K7.1, K15.4, and K22.6, were Bacillus tequilensis, and the isolate K29.2 was Bacillus siamensis. B. siamensis K29.2 showed complete susceptibility to antibiotics tested in this study, while B. tequilensis K 15.4 showed moderate resistance to some antibiotics; therefore, both strains were selected as potential probiotic bacteria. B. tequilensis K15.4 and B. siamensis K29.2 were capable of the production and secretion of extracellular protease and polysaccharide degrading enzymes, including cellulase, xylanase, and β-mannanase. The tannin tolerant test also demonstrated their ability to grow on selective agar plates and secrete cellulase and β-mannanase in the presence of hydrolyzable tannin. In addition, in vitro digestion of commercial fish substrate revealed that the extracellular enzymes produced by both strains efficiently reacted with feed protein and polysaccharides. Based on the results from this study, B. siamensis K29.2 was deemed to have the highest potential multifunctional probiotic qualities for application in Nile tilapia culture, while the antibiotic-resistant gene in B. tequilensis K15.4 must be clarified before field application.
Long-Term Morbidity and Mortality of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Patients Receiving Maintenance Dialysis: A Multicenter Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Bota Sarah E. , McArthur Eric , Naylor Kyla L. , Blake Peter G. , Yau Kevin , Hladunewich Michelle A. , Levin Adeera , Oliver Matthew J. 
Published: August 2024

Key Points

The rates of long-term mortality, reinfection, cardiovascular outcomes, and hospitalization were high among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors on maintenance dialysis.Several risk factors, including intensive care unit admission related to COVID-19 and reinfection, were found to have a prolonged effect on survival.This study shows that the burden of COVID-19 remains high after the period of acute infection in the population receiving maintenance dialysis.

Background
Many questions remain about the population receiving maintenance dialysis who survived coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Previous literature has focused on outcomes associated with the initial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, but it may underestimate the effect of disease. This study describes the long-term morbidity and mortality among patients receiving maintenance dialysis in Ontario, Canada, who survived SARS-CoV-2 infection and the risk factors associated with long-term mortality.

Methods
We conducted a population-based cohort study of patients receiving maintenance dialysis in Ontario, Canada, who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and survived 30 days between March 14, 2020, and December 1, 2021 (pre-Omicron), with follow-up until September 30, 2022. Our primary outcome was all-cause mortality while our secondary outcomes included reinfection, composite of cardiovascular (CV)–related death or hospitalization, all-cause hospitalization, and admission to long-term care or complex continuing care. We also examined risk factors associated with long-term mortality using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results
We included 798 COVID-19 survivors receiving maintenance dialysis. After the first 30 days of infection, death occurred at a rate of 15.0 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 12.9 to 17.5) over a median follow-up of 1.4 years (interquartile range, 1.1–1.7) with a nadir of death at approximately 0.5 years. Reinfection, composite CV death or hospitalization, and all-cause hospitalization occurred at a rate (95% CI) of 15.9 (13.6 to 18.5), 17.4 (14.9 to 20.4), and 73.1 (66.6 to 80.2) per 100 person-years, respectively. In addition to traditional predictors of mortality, intensive care unit admission for COVID-19 had a prolonged effect on survival (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.6 to 4.3). Reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 among 30-day survivors increased all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.4 to 3.3).

Conclusions
The burden of COVID-19 persists beyond the period of acute infection in the population receiving maintenance dialysis in Ontario with high rates of death, reinfection, all-cause hospitalization, and CV disease among COVID-19 survivors.