bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Big Data in Healthcare – Defining the Digital Persona through User Contexts from the Micro to the Macro
Authors: Monkman H. , Petersen C. , Weber J. , Borycki E. M. , Adams S. , Collins S. , Kuziemsky C. E. 
Published: August 2014

Summary
Objectives: While big data offers enormous potential for improving healthcare delivery, many of the existing claims concerning big data in healthcare are based on anecdotal reports and theoretical vision papers, rather than scientific evidence based on empirical research. Historically, the implementation of health information technology has resulted in unintended consequences at the individual, organizational and social levels, but these unintended consequences of collecting data have remained unaddressed in the literature on big data. The objective of this paper is to provide insights into big data from the perspective of people, social and organizational considerations.
Method: We draw upon the concept of persona to define the digital persona as the intersection of data, tasks and context for different user groups. We then describe how the digital persona can serve as a framework to understanding sociotechnical considerations of big data implementation. We then discuss the digital persona in the context of micro, meso and macro user groups across the 3 Vs of big data.
Results: We provide insights into the potential benefits and challenges of applying big data approaches to healthcare as well as how to position these approaches to achieve health system objectives such as patient safety or patient-engaged care delivery. We also provide a framework for defining the digital persona at a micro, meso and macro level to help understand the user contexts of big data solutions.
Conclusion: While big data provides great potential for improving healthcare delivery, it is essential that we consider the individual, social and organizational contexts of data use when implementing big data solutions.
Transitions in Care from the Hospital to Home for Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Hirschman Karen B. , Bixby M. Brian 
Published: August 2014

In BriefDiabetes is a common coexisting chronic condition among older adults that can complicate a hospitalization and transition back to the community. The Transitional Care Model, which offers a set of time-limited, hospital-to-home services coordinated by a master's-prepared advanced practice nurse, is one option that could improve outcomes for patients with diabetes. A descriptive case study is presented.
ADC is not reliable in determinating subtypes of meningiomas
Authors: Ignjatović Jelena , Stojanov Dragan , Stojanovic Nebojsa , Stefanović Ivan , Benedeto-Stojanov Daniela , Petrović Sladjana , Kostić Aleksandar , Aracki-Trenkic Aleksandra , Ignjatović Nebojša 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Awake endotracheal intubation in patients with severely restricted mouth opening- alternative devices to fiberscope: series of cases and literature review
Authors: Gaszynska Ewelina , Wieczorek Andrzej , Gaszynski Tomasz 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Awake Fiberoptic Intubation (AFI) is a standard method of airway management in the case of anticipated difficult intubation. It is usually performed with the use of flexible fiberscopes. In this report we have described two methods in which alternative devices to the fiberscope were utilized for awake intubation in patients with severely restricted mouth opening scheduled for craniomaxillofacial surgery: TruView PCD and Levitan FPS. Information about the use of these devices in such conditions has not been previously published in the literature. Some of the possible advantages of these alternative methods for AFI result from the fact that they are easy to use, especially for anesthesiologists who are relatively inexperienced with fiberscope intubation procedures. Additionally, these alternatives are cheaper than fiberscopes and can be used for many AFI procedures.
Best vitelliform macular dystrophy: literature review
Authors: Budiene Brigita , Liutkeviciene Rasa , Zaliuniene Dalia 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (BVD) is a slowly progressive form of macular dystrophy. In most cases this disease begins in childhood although sometimes it can develop in later age. The diagnosis of BVD is based on family history, clinical and electrophysiological findings. Clinical signs are variable, yet the majority of patients have a typical yellow yolk-like macular lesion in the eye fundus. Lesions are usually bilateral, but in rare cases can be unilateral. Atrophy of the macula may develop after many years. The mutations responsible for Best vitelliform macular dystrophy are found in a gene called VMD2, which encodes a transmembrane protein named bestrophin-1 (hBest1) that is a Ca2+-sensitive chloride channel. Most reported cases causing the disease are in exons 2, 4, 6 and 8 in patients with BVD. In this article we discuss the etiology of Best’s vitelliform macular dystrophy, clinical presentation, diagnostics, genetic and current treatment possibilities.
Difficulty index in extraction of impacted mandibular third molars and their post-operative complications
Authors: Khanal Pranaya , Dixit S , Singh R , Dixit Punam 
Published: August 2014

Background: Although the removal of impacted mandibular third molars is a common minor oral surgical procedure, the extraction of these teeth can present with certain post–operative complications. Koerner KR proposed a Difficulty Index Scale for removal of these teeth on the basis of local anatomy and radiographs, which were helpful in predicting the difficulty that would be encountered intra-operatively, as well as the post-operative complications. Objective: To study the different post-operative complications in the removal of impacted mandibular third molars calculating their difficulty index value. Method: A total of 119 patients, 79 females and 40 males who underwent extraction of their impacted third molars were selected over a one year period. Data were collected prospectively, according to the angulation, depth and position of the impacted mandibular third molars and their difficulty index calculated. This was further correlated with the postoperative complications encountered. Results: Mesio-angular impaction (43.7%), with level A (66.4%) and Class I (70.6%) impaction were the major type of impaction seen. The difficulty index showed that majority were in the moderately difficult category (51.2%), with swelling and trismus seen to increase as the difficulty index value increased. Females were affected more than males, with swelling (Odds ratio 2.206) and trismus (Odds ratio 2.570) seen to be significantly more. Conclusion: Surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars causes post-operative complications and special care is required in their removal, especially in females. The Difficulty Index, as described by Koerner KR can be used as a tool for predicting the frequency of the post-operative complications, especially swelling and trismus. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkmc.v3i1.10918 Journal of Kathmandu Medical College Vol. 3, No. 1, Issue 7, Jan.-Mar., 2014, Page: 14-20
Delayed onset isolated post-traumatic sixth nerve palsy due to trendelenburg position: an unusual cause
Authors: Thapa Anil , Shrestha Dibesh , Giri Sandarva 
Published: August 2014

We report here an unusual case of post-traumatic isolated sixth nerve palsy occurring while nursing the patient in trendelenburg position. This is the first case to be reported in the available literature of posture induced delayed onset isolated post-traumatic sixth nerve palsy and highlights importance of avoiding head down position while nursing patients with head injury.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkmc.v3i1.10921Journal of Kathmandu Medical College Vol. 3, No. 1, Issue 7, Jan.-Mar., 2014, Page: 32-33
Acceptability and Identification of Scooped Versus Molded Puréed Foods
Authors: Lepore Jamila R. , Sims Charles A. , Gal Nancy J. , Dahl Wendy J. 
Published: August 2014

Purpose: Although puréed foods are commonly recommended for individuals with dysphagia and the acceptability of these foods is often a concern, few sensory studies on puréed foods have been carried out. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of serving style (i.e., scooped vs molded), on identification and acceptability of puréed foods in younger and older adults. Methods: Acceptability of scooped versus molded puréed meats and vegetables was evaluated using the hedonic general Labeled Magnitude Scale. The younger adult panelists (n = 97; 55 F, 42 M) were recruited from the University of Florida staff and students, and the older adult panelists (n = 70; 59 F, 11 M) were recruited from the community. Results: The younger panelists correctly identified a higher percentage of puréed foods than did the older panelists. Scooped puréed foods were more acceptable than molded. Conclusions: The results suggest that puréed foods may be more acceptable and identifiable when served without molding for both younger and older adults.
Outcome in adult patients with hemorrhagic moyamoya disease after combined extracranial-intracranial bypass
Authors: Jiang Hanqiang , Ni Wei , Xu Bin , Lei Yu , Tian Yanlong , Xu Feng , Gu Yuxiang , Mao Ying 
Published: August 2014

Object
The outcome of patients with hemorrhagic moyamoya disease (MMD) after cerebral revascularization is uncertain. The purpose of this study was to delineate the efficacy of this surgical method in the treatment of hemorrhagic MMD.

Methods
Between January 2007 and August 2011, a consecutive cohort of 113 patients with hemorrhagic MMD was enrolled into this prospective single-center cohort study. The surgical method was combined direct and indirect bypass. The cumulative probability of the primary end point (all stroke and deaths from surgery through 30 days after surgery and ipsilateral recurrent hemorrhage afterward) was analyzed. The angiographic outcome was measured by the following parameters: bypass patency, reduction of basal MMD vessels, improved degree of dilation, and branch extension of the anterior choroidal and posterior communicating arteries (AChA-PCoA).

Results
Of the 113 enrolled cases, CT scans revealed pure intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in 63 cases (55.7%), pure intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in 14 cases (12.4%), and ICH with IVH in 36 cases (31.9%). In 74 of 113 hemorrhagic hemispheres (65.5%), the AChA-PCoA was extremely dilated with extensive branches beyond the choroidal fissure. A total of 114 surgeries were performed. No patient suffered ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke through 30 days after surgery. Ipsilateral rebleeding occurred in 5 patients, 4 of whom died of the rebleeding event. The cumulative probability of the primary end point was 0% at 1 year and 1.9% at 2 years. The annual rebleeding rate was 1.87%/person/year. The improvement in AChA-PCoA extension was observed in 75 of 107 operated hemispheres (70.1%), which was higher than that in 7 of 105 unoperated hemispheres (35.2%).

Conclusions
Revascularization may provide a benefit over conservative therapy for hemorrhagic MMD patients. The improvement of dilation and branch extension of AChA-PCoA might be correlated with the low rebleeding rate.
MicroRNA Profiling in Chinese Patients with Primary Sjögren Syndrome Reveals Elevated miRNA-181a in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Authors: Peng Linyi , Ma Weizhi , Yi Fan , Yang Yun-Jiao , Lin Wei , Chen Hua , Zhang Xuan , Zhang Li-He , Zhang Fengchun , Du Quan 
Published: August 2014

Objective.Characterized by chronic inflammation, dysfunction of exocrine glands, and systemic autoimmunity, primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) is a common autoimmune disease in elderly women. Our study was performed to explore the potential involvement of microRNA (miRNA) in Chinese patients with pSS.Methods.Using microarrays, miRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was profiled in 4 female patients with pSS and 3 healthy participants, followed by a large-scale study of 33 patients and 10 healthy individuals. Compared to the healthy participants, 202 miRNA were upregulated and 180 were downregulated in the patients with pSS. To confirm this finding, a set of regulated miRNA was further examined in a large patient group, using quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR assays.Results.MiR-181a was the miRNA that most profoundly differed between patients with pSS and healthy individuals; however, similar miRNA-181a expression profiles were found in groups with different disease phenotypes. Together, these observations suggested that an elevated miRNA-181a level is a general phenomenon in Chinese patients with pSS.Conclusion.In addition to the elevated miR-181a levels, our study led to the speculation that elevated miR-181a levels in the PBMC of these patients compromise the maturation of B cells, enabling them to recognize and attack autoantigens and resulting in disease phenotypes. In addition to the regulation of human miRNA, many virus-derived miRNA were unexpectedly upregulated in the patients with pSS, suggesting that viral infection of PBMC plays a role in this disease.
Modeling the vehicle‐to‐vehicle propagation channel: A review
Authors: Matolak David W. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn this paper we provide a review of the vehicle‐to‐vehicle (V2V) wireless propagation channel. This “car‐to‐car” application will be used to improve roadway efficiency, provide unique traveler services, and can also enable safety applications that can save lives. We briefly review some currently envisioned applications and the initial V2V radio technology, then address the V2V propagation channel. Propagation basics germane to the V2V setting are described, followed by a discussion of channel dispersion and time variation. The channel impulse response and its Fourier transform, the channel transfer function, are described in detail, and their common statistical characterizations are also reviewed. The most common models for the V2V channel—the tapped delay line and geometry‐based stochastic channel models—are covered in some detail. We highlight key differences between the V2V channel and the well‐known cellular radio channel. These differences are the more rapid time variation and the higher probability of obstruction of the direct line of sight component; modeling of these effects has required some novel approaches. The V2V channel's nonstationary statistical behavior is addressed, as is the use of multiple‐antenna systems. The remaining areas for future work are also described.
Effective stability in a moist baroclinic wave
Authors: Booth James F. , Polvani Lorenzo , O'Gorman Paul A. , Wang Shuguang 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIt has been proposed that the impact of moisture on atmospheric eddy circulations can be approximated using a reduced effective stratification defined in terms of a parameter λ, which quantifies the asymmetry between upward and downward motions. Here λ is analyzed for the midlatitude regime using baroclinic lifecycles computed with the Weather Research and Forecast model. Vertical velocities are compared for integrations with different moisture conditions, and the change in λ is quantified and interpreted. λ is shown to be largely insensitive to grid resolution, and the effective stratification captures the impact of moisture provided initial relative humidity is sufficiently high.
Defining the Structural Parameters of Triazole Ligands in the Templated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Kashmery Heba A. , Clark Alasdair W. , Dondi Ruggero , Fallows Andrew J. , Cullis Paul M. , Burley Glenn A. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis manuscript describes a one‐pot method for the synthesis of size‐ and shape‐selected silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Tollens' reagent [Ag(NH3)2OH] as the silver source. Sugar triazole ligands facilitate the formation of monodisperse AgNPs in which the size and shape can be controlled according to the reaction conditions. Increasing the size of the ligand reduces size tunability but enhances colloidal stability in high‐salt buffers. A key conclusion from this study is that the AgI‐binding affinity of these triazole ligands determines their capacity to tune the size of the resultant AgNPs formed. Weaker AgI‐binding ligands can be used to form monodisperse, angular AgNPs over a wider range of sizes [(12 ± 3) to (33 ± 7) nm], whereas triazole ligands that exhibit a higher AgI‐binding affinity produce monodisperse, spherical AgNPs of a single size [(18 ± 5) nm].
Smart Decoration of Mesoporous TiO2 Nanospheres with Noble Metal Alloy Nanoparticles into Core–Shell, Yolk–Core–Shell, and Surface‐Dispersion Morphologies
Authors: Wang Pengyu , Tooriyama Hiroko , Yokoyama Kazuya , Ohtani Masataka , Asahara Haruyasu , Konishi Tomoya , Nishiwaki Nagatoshi , Shimoda Masahiko , Yamashita Yoshiyuki , Yoshikawa Hideki , Kobiro Kazuya 
Published: August 2014

AbstractNoble metal alloy‐decorated spherical mesoporous TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by the one‐pot, single‐step reaction of Ti(OiPr)4, Au3+, Pt4+, and Pd2+ or by the one‐pot reaction of hollow mesoporous TiO2 nanospheres with Au3+, Pt4+, and Pd2+ by means of a solvothermal method in methanol. Au–Pt–Pd@TiO2, Au–Pt@TiO2, and Au@TiO2 mesoporous nanoparticles with core–shell, yolk–core–shell, and surface‐dispersion morphologies were easily constructed. The noble metal alloy cores of the Au–Pt–Pd@TiO2 and Au–Pt@TiO2 yolk–core–shell nanoparticles have Au@Pt–Pd and Au@Pt embedded sub‐core–shell structures, respectively.
An effective two‐step ionic liquids method for cornstalk pretreatment
Authors: Xu Junli , Yao Xiaoqian , Xin Jiayu , Lu Xingmei , Zhang Suojiang 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDIonic liquids have shown excellent performance in biomass delignification. However, there is still a strong demand to improve delignification by developing new biomass pretreatment methods to take full advantage of ionic liquids.RESULTSA two‐step ionic liquids method for cornstalk pretreatment was developed by combining choline hydroxide (ChOH) and 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate ([Emim][DMP]) ionic liquids. First, the cornstalk sample was soaked in ChOH aqueous solution for 3 h, the residue was then dissolved completely by [Emim][DMP] in 10 min. The cellulose rich material (CRM) was regenerated from the [Emim][DMP] solution by adding anti‐solvent (acetone/water (v:v = 1:1)). The results showed that 77.28% lignin was removed and cellulose content was increased to 52.14% in the CRM. Simultaneously, the crystalline structure of cellulose was altered and amorphous cellulose was obtained in the two‐step method. The amorphous cellulose was converted into 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and a high HMF yield of 87.21% was achieved.CONCLUSIONSThe two‐step method enhanced the cornstalk pretreatment through improving delignification and the disruption of cellulose crystalline structure under mild conditions, which made the two‐step method more competitive compared with other conventional pretreatment methods. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
The relationship between daily European precipitation and measures of atmospheric water vapour transport
Authors: Lavers David A. , Villarini Gabriele 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTIn this study we investigate the relationship between daily European precipitation totals and different measures of atmospheric water vapour transport during both the winter and summer seasons. Using gridded gauge‐based precipitation estimates across Europe and the Modern‐Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) reanalysis as the source of the water vapour transport, we examine what combination of predictor variables (related to wind and humidity at different levels and total column water) explains the most precipitation variability. Results show that stronger relationships occur in the winter than in the summer, and that the best linear models for explaining the daily rainfall variability contain the zonal and meridional water vapour transport components as predictors [e.g. winter precipitation in the European Alps (western Norway) has R2 values of about 0.5 (0.45)]. Precipitation regions most related to zonal and meridional moisture fluxes are also discussed. We also show that models requiring just three fields, namely the integrated water vapour, and the 850‐hPa zonal and meridional winds, are able to explain the precipitation variability in Europe well. Given the computational and initial storage requirements in calculating water vapour transport integrated over the atmospheric column (in particular for climate change projections), it would be possible to use these three fields in assessments of future water vapour fluxes over Europe, in turn allowing inferences to be made on future rainfall and flood events.
A posteriori error estimators for linear reduced‐order models using Krylov‐based integrators
Authors: Amsallem D. , Hetmaniuk U. 
Published: August 2014

SummaryReduced‐order models for linear time‐invariant dynamical systems are considered, and the error between the full‐order model and the reduced‐order model solutions is characterized. Based on the analytical representation of the error, an a posteriori error indicator is proposed that combines a Krylov‐based exponential integrator and an a posteriori residual‐based estimate. Numerical experiments illustrate the quality of the error estimator. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hierarchically parallel coupled finite strain multiscale solver for modeling heterogeneous layers
Authors: Mosby Matthew , Matouš Karel 
Published: August 2014

SummaryWe develop a three‐dimensional, hierarchically parallel, finite strain multiscale solver capable of computing nonlinear multiscale solutions with over 1 billion finite elements and over 574 million nonlinear equations on 1552 computing cores. In the vein of FE2, we use the nested iterative procedure and devote the solver to multiscale cohesive modeling of heterogeneous hyperelastic layers. The hierarchically parallel multiscale solver takes advantage of a client‐server non‐blocking communication matrix that limits latency, starvation, and overhead by overlaying computations at different scales. We perform simulations of real‐scale engineering devices and bridge in length‐scales, spanning from  mm to  nm in spatial resolution. Verification of the hierarchically parallel solver is provided together with a mesh convergence study. Moreover, we report on the scaling performance. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.