bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ErbB2‐NOTCH1 axis controls autophagy in cardiac cells
Authors: Fortini Francesca , Vieceli Dalla Sega Francesco , Lazzarini Edoardo , Aquila Giorgio , Sysa‐Shah Polina , Bertero Edoardo , Ascierto Alessia , Severi Paolo , Ouambo Talla Achille Wilfred , Schirone Alessio , Gabrielson Kathleen , Morciano Giampaolo , Patergnani Simone , Pedriali Gaia , Pinton Paolo , Ferrari Roberto , Tremoli Elena , Ameri Pietro , Rizzo Paola 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlthough the epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB2) and Notch1 signaling pathways have both significant roles in regulating cardiac biology, their interplay in the heart remains poorly investigated. Here, we present evidence of a crosstalk between ErbB2 and Notch1 in cardiac cells, with effects on autophagy and proliferation. Overexpression of ErbB2 in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts induced Notch1 activation in a post‐transcriptional, p38‐dependent manner, while ErbB2 inhibition with the specific inhibitor, lapatinib, reduced Notch1 activation. Moreover, incubation of H9c2 cells with lapatinib resulted in stalled autophagic flux and decreased proliferation, consistent with the established cardiotoxicity of this and other ErbB2‐targeting drugs. Confirming the findings in H9c2 cells, exposure of primary neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes to exogenous neuregulin‐1, which engages ErbB2, stimulated proliferation, and this effect was abrogated by concomitant inhibition of the enzyme responsible for Notch1 activation. Furthermore, the hearts of transgenic mice specifically overexpressing ErbB2 in cardiomyocytes had increased levels of active Notch1 and of Notch‐related genes. These data expand the knowledge of ErbB2 and Notch1 functions in the heart and may allow better understanding the mechanisms of the cardiotoxicity of ErbB2‐targeting cancer treatments.
Medical students' preferences for asynchronous online or face‐to‐face learning strategies in learning gross anatomy and neuroanatomy during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Chang Ming‐Fong , Yeh Chi‐Chuan , Lue June‐Horng , Liao Meng‐Lin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGross anatomy and neuroanatomy are fundamental subjects in medical education. However, learning different anatomical terms and understanding the complexity of the subjects are often challenging for medical students. At National Taiwan University, the 2020–2021 cohort adopted a face‐to‐face (F2F) learning strategy for gross anatomy and neuroanatomy lecture and laboratory courses until May 17, 2021. After the aforementioned date, the same cohort learned the rest of the gross anatomy and neuroanatomy courses via asynchronous online learning. This study aimed to evaluate the benefits of and students' preferences for F2F and asynchronous online learning strategies in learning gross anatomy and neuroanatomy. A survey with closed‐ended and open‐ended questions was used to quantitatively and qualitatively explore medical students' learning preferences for two teaching strategies in gross anatomy and neuroanatomy. The results identified different learning preferences among students in learning gross anatomy and neuroanatomy—satisfied with both learning strategies, satisfied with only F2F learning strategy, satisfied with only asynchronous online learning strategy, and satisfied with neither learning strategy. The survey results with closed‐ended and open‐ended questions showed that medical students preferred F2F learning for anatomical laboratory courses but favored asynchronous online learning for neuroanatomical laboratory courses. In addition, medical students considered peer discussion more critical in learning gross anatomy than neuroanatomy. These findings provide valuable information about medical students' preference for gross anatomy and neuroanatomy courses, which anatomy teachers can consider when planning to enhance their curriculum in the future.
Case recording in child protection: An exploration of the evidence base and good practice
Authors: O'Keefe Rebecca 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThere is a statutory duty for all practitioners to record information in child protection work in England. Case recording is a daily task for practitioners, yet an under‐researched area of practice. This continuing professional development (CPD) paper will consider the context in which case recording takes place and highlight messages from child protection reviews and enquiries before exploring learning from contemporary research. The complexities of case recording will be considered and how practitioners can reflect upon and improve their daily case recording skills. Practitioners are encouraged to keep the child's views and experiences central and consider the long‐term impact of case recording on adults who have experienced abuse and neglect in childhood.
GPSwap: High‐resolution face swapping based on StyleGAN prior
Authors: Huang Dongjin , Liu Chuanman , Liu Jinhua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractExisting high‐resolution face‐swapping works are still challenges in preserving identity consistency while maintaining high visual quality. We present a novel high‐resolution face‐swapping method GPSwap, which is based on StyleGAN prior. To better preserves identity consistency, the proposed facial feature recombination network fully leverages the properties of both w space and encoders to decouple identities. Furthermore, we presents the image reconstruction module aligns and blends images in FS space, which further supplements facial details and achieves natural blending. It not only improves image resolution but also optimizes visual quality. Extensive experiments and user studies demonstrate that GPSwap is superior to state‐of‐the‐art high‐resolution face‐swapping methods in terms of image quality and identity consistency. In addition, GPSwap saves nearly 80% of training costs compared to other high‐resolution face‐swapping works.
Broadening the Realm of Nanoporous Gold Catalysts: Preparation and Properties When Emanating from AuCu as Parent Alloy
Authors: Tapia Burgos Jorge Adrian , Mahr Christoph , Silva Olaya Alex Ricardo , Robben Lars , Schowalter Marco , Gesing Thorsten , Rosenauer Andreas , Wittstock Gunther , Wittstock Arne , Bäumer Marcus 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNanoporous gold (npAu) attracted increasing attention over the last 20 years as a highly active and selective oxidation catalyst in particular at low temperatures. Previous research mainly focused on npAu that was fabricated by corrosive dealloying of AuAg parent alloys. Yet, the use of other binary alloys, such as AuCu, promises interesting variations of the catalytic properties, when considering that residual amounts of the less noble metal were shown to be co‐catalytically involved. Aiming at providing a platform for systematic studies in this direction for Cu, we not only dealt with strategies for a reliable and reproducible preparation of npAu(Cu) catalysts from AuCu, but also with their potential for CO oxidation in comparison to npAu(Ag). We were able to develop an approach based on thermally quenched Au0.3Cu0.7 alloys, providing distinct synthetic advantages as a starting material for the catalyst fabrication versus the thermodynamically more stable AuCu3 intermetallic compound. Using PCD (potentiostatically controlled dealloying), well‐defined pore structures with ligament diameters of ∼40 nm and variable residual Cu concentrations in the range between ∼0.6 at % and ∼1.2 at % could be straightforwardly obtained. After activating such catalysts at 150 °C, they reproducibly showed catalytic activity for aerobic CO oxidation in a broad temperature window between 40 °C and 250 °C. As opposed to npAu(Ag), the activity increased with decreasing residual Cu content, outperforming the former at temperatures above ∼60 °C not only with respect to CO2 formation rates but also with respect to thermal stability. Based on X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopic and transmission electron microscopic results, it was possible to conclude that Cu segregates to the surface and, with rising Cu bulk content, increasingly occurs in form of Cu2+ species at the surface. While the latter are expected to be catalytically inactive, Cu and Cu+ species are likely candidates for the activation of oxygen being not possible on pure Au.
Sources of the European Union's regulatory influence on digital platform firms: Lessons from three Google antitrust cases
Authors: Yoshizawa Hikaru 
Published: July 2024

AbstractVarious studies have highlighted the considerable regulatory influence of the European Union (EU) on digital platform (DP) firms. However, the role of stakeholders in individual competition cases remains underexplored. To fill this gap, this article draws on the conceptual framework of Market Power Europe and contends that the main sources of the European Commission's influence in this field are not only the EU's market size and regulatory capacity but also relevant market information provided by stakeholders such as consumer groups, business associations, and the target firm's competitors. Market information helps the Commission alleviate the problem of information asymmetry and effectively regulate complex and fast‐moving areas such as DP markets. A close analysis of three Google antitrust cases concluded between 2017 and 2019 provides initial empirical evidence supporting this conclusion. Overall, this study contributes to the literature on EU competition policy and greater understanding of the global political economy in relation to DP firms.
Fast, Simple, and Cost‐Effective Fabrication of High‐Performance Thermoelectric Ag2Se through Low‐Temperature Hot‐Pressing
Authors: Lasiw Jariya , Kamwanna Teerasak , Pinitsoontorn Supree 
Published: July 2024

Silver selenide (Ag2Se) is a promising thermoelectric material for near‐room temperature applications. This study proposes a fast, simple, and cost‐effective method for producing high thermoelectric performance bulk Ag2Se. Ag2Se powders were synthesized from Ag and Se powders via a one‐hour wet ball milling process, followed by the fabrication of bulk pellets through low‐temperature hot‐pressing (130‐250 °C) with a mere 0.5‐hour holding time. Both Ag2Se powders and bulk pellets exhibited a single phase of orthorhombic β‐Ag2Se phase, with uniform compositional distribution Microstructural analysis revealed distinct grain boundaries in samples hot‐pressed below 190 °C, transitioning to grain coalescence was at 190 °C and 250 °C. The thermoelectric and transport measurements demonstrated that the electrical conductivity decreased and the Seebeck coefficient increased with hot‐pressing temperatures from 130 °C and 190 °C primarily due to reduced carrier concentrations. Thermal conductivity decreased with increasing hot‐pressing temperatures up to 190 °C, attributed to the weak chemical bonding of Ag2Se and the presence of defects. This resulted in a peak zT over 1.0 at 300 K, with an average zT close to 1.0 from 300 to 380 K. Despite lower temperatures and shorter processing times, the method produces Ag2Se with zT values comparable to more intricate techniques.
Color systems for motion picture film digitization: A critical review
Authors: Plutino Alice 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDigitizing motion picture films is a crucial aspect of archival practices. Nevertheless, the primary purpose of this process is to convert analog film into a digital signal suitable for recording back onto film. Thus, the most popular color film system encoding, such as Cineon or Academy Density Exchange (ADX), may present some limits for the preservation and restoration practices. In this paper, Cineon and ADX systems are summarized and analyzed, and an experimental application conducted on modern cinematographic film scanners has been made to evaluate the integration of these encoding systems into these devices. Results have been examined and discussed to underline the constraints and possibilities of these color encoding systems for archival purposes.
An efficient three‐phase two‐level voltage source inverter with the suppression of the dead time effect
Authors: Wang Qiang , Gong Xiang , Wang Youzheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe paper carries out the research on a novel two‐level voltage source inverter to further improve the output power quality of the inverter under the premise of efficient operation. Main switches can realize zero‐voltage switching in a wide load range to ensure the efficient operation of the designed inverter. Total harmonic distortion (THD) of the output current at low output frequencies can be improved by the modification of resonant tanks in the designed inverter. In the dead time, the modified resonant tanks can result in a shorter duration of nonlinear changes in the output phase voltage at lower load current, which is beneficial for reducing the output voltage error caused by dead time. The improved power quality at low output frequencies is conductive to the use of the designed inverter in the drive system of the low‐speed AC motor. The paper expounds every operating status during a switching period. The experiment manifests that switches realize soft switching. The efficiency of the designed inverter reaches 98.6% at rated operation state, which is 0.3% and 0.5% more than that of two comparison objects, respectively. Moreover, when the output frequency reduces to 5 Hz, the THD of the output current is only 2%, which is also less than that of comparison objects. Hence, the designed inverter has advantages in the efficiency and the output power quality.
Novel approaches for target parameter extraction with eigenvalue thresholding and Dolph–Chebyshev windowing in multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) radar system
Authors: Jagtap Sheetal G. , Kunte Ashwini S. 
Published: July 2024

SummaryMultiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) radar, employing multiple transmitters and receivers, enhances radar capabilities. It detects and tracks objects like aircraft and ships using radio waves. Compared with traditional phased‐array radar, MIMO systems offer greater flexibility, improving angular resolution and target detection. Researchers focus on direction of arrival (DoA) evaluation for closely spaced targets. Effective beamforming and accurate DoA estimation are crucial for MIMO radar performance. This study explores two methods: Capon beamforming with Dolph–Chebyshev windowing and the MUSIC algorithm with Eigenvalue thresholding. Tested under low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and fewer snapshots, these techniques notably reduce side lobes and enhance angular resolution, validated by experiments. Additionally, the suppression of side lobes significantly improves the clarity and accuracy of target detection, minimizing potential interference and false targets. This enhancement in side lobe suppression facilitates a more precise spatial differentiation between multiple targets, thus contributing to the overall effectiveness and reliability of MIMO radar systems.
A most aggressive bear: Safari videos document sloth bear defense against tiger predation
Authors: Sharp Thomas R. , Garshelis David L. , Larson Wesley 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSloth bears are non‐carnivorous yet they attack more people than any other bear. They often stand up and charge explosively if a person mistakenly gets too close. Here, we argue that their aggression toward humans is an extension of their behavior toward tigers, which are their only natural predator. Interactions between sloth bears and tigers have not previously been studied because scientists have rarely observed such events. We collected and examined 43 videos or photo documentations of sloth bear–tiger interactions posted on the internet or social media from 2011 to 2023, mainly by tourists visiting tiger parks in India. We observed that sloth bears were most likely to stand up and charge if they first became aware of the tiger at close range (<3 m away). This aggressive–defensive strategy, intended to dissuade the tiger from attacking, appeared to be successful, in that 86% of interactions ended with no contact, whereas four (9%) culminated in the bear's death. We propose that a myrmecophagous diet led to this species' aggressive behavior: (1) their long, blunt front claws, well adapted for digging termites and ants, hamper their ability to climb trees for escape, and (2) they walk with their head down focused on scents underground, and make considerable noise digging and blowing soil, enabling tigers to approach quite closely without being detected. Sloth bears have coexisted with tigers or other (now extinct) large felid predators for their entire evolutionary history. Whereas their aggressive behavior has served them well for millions of years, more recently, people's fear of and retaliation against sloth bears represents a major threat to their survival. Understanding how sloth bears react to tigers provides guidance for reducing attacks on humans, thereby contributing to sloth bear conservation. Our investigation was made possible by passive citizen scientists, who unknowingly collected valuable data.
The complement system as a target in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Merle Nicolas S. , Roumenina Lubka T. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMalignant cells are part of a complex network within the tumor microenvironment, where their interaction with host cells and soluble mediators, including complement components, is pivotal. The complement system, known for its role in immune defense and homeostasis, exhibits a dual effect on cancer progression. This dichotomy arises from its antitumoral opsonophagocytosis and cytotoxicity versus its protumoral chronic inflammation mediated by the C5a/C5aR1 axis, influencing antitumor T‐cell responses. Recent studies have revealed distinct co‐expression patterns of complement genes in various cancer types, correlating with prognosis. Notably, some cancers exhibit co‐regulated overexpression of complement genes associated with poor prognosis, while others show favorable outcomes. However, significant intra‐patient heterogeneity further complicates this classification. Moreover, the involvement of locally produced and intracellular complement proteins adds complexity to the tumor microenvironment dynamics. This review highlights the unique interplay of complement components within different cancers and patient cohorts, showing that “one size does not fit all”, for complement in cancer. It summarizes the clinical trials for complement targeting in cancer, emphasizing the need for tailored therapeutic approaches. By elucidating the mechanistic basis of complement's context‐dependent role, this review aims to facilitate the development of personalized cancer therapies, ultimately improving patient care and outcomes.
Regioselective Halogenation of 2‐Oxindoles and β‐Keto Esters Using Oxone‐Halide With or Without Aryl Iodine
Authors: Dong Yufei , Guo Cheng , Bai Yadi , Jia Hongbo , Yang Aohua , Ren Jingyun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEfficient and environmentally benign regioselective halogenation protocols have been achieved through the mediation of oxone‐halide, with or without the assistance of aryl iodine. The key to the success of the regioselectivity process is the controlled generation of the active [X]+ or halogen‐substituted hypervalent iodine (III) by manipulating the components of the oxone‐halide‐aryl iodine system.
Catalytic Activity of Mono‐ and Bimetallic Rhodium(I) and Iridium(I) Complexes Bearing Carbon‐Ether‐Carbon (COC) Ligand for the Intramolecular Cyclization of 4‐Pentynoic Acid
Authors: Boddaert Hugo , Tolley Lewis C. , Mejuto Carmen , González Ainhoa , Martín Marta , Sola Eduardo , Fernández Israel , Karhu Aino J. , Bezuidenhout Daniela I. , Guisado‐Barrios Gregorio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe catalytic performance of a series of mono‐ and bimetallic Ir(I) and Rh(I) complexes bearing the (COC) bis‐triazolylidene ligand, coordinated in a bridging or chelating fashion, was evaluated in the cyclization of 4‐pentynoic acid. The chelated mononuclear cationic complex [Ir(cod)(COC)]PF6 (cod=1,5‐cyclooctadiene; COC=biscarbene ether) displayed the highest reaction rate for 4‐pentynoic acid to form γ‐methyl‐ene‐γ‐butyrolactone (5‐methylenedihydrofuran‐2(3H)‐one). Density Functional Theory calculations were carried out to rationalize the reaction mechanism which proceeds in three steps, namely coordination of the alkyne to the active catalyst followed by intramolecular cyclization and final reductive elimination. Its catalytic performance was further assessed against different substituted 4‐pentynoic acid derivatives.
Reconfigurable flexible thermoelectric generators based on all‐inorganic MXene/Bi2Te3 composite films
Authors: Xu Yunhe , Wu Bo , Hou Chengyi , Li Yaogang , Wang Hongzhi , Zhang Qinghong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFlexible thermoelectric generators (FTEGs) represent an excellent solution for energizing wearable electronics, capitalizing on their ability to transform body heat into electrical energy. Nevertheless, their use in the wearable industry is limited by the insufficient thermoelectric (TE) efficiency of materials and the minimal temperature variation among the devices. In this study, we have developed a Lego‐like reconfigurable FTEG by combining flexible TE chips, rheological liquid‐metal electrical wiring, and a stretchable substrate in a mechanical plug‐in configuration. The flexible TE chips are constructed from n‐type all‐inorganic MXene/Bi2Te3 composite films, which have their TE properties further enhanced through heat treatment. A demonstration of the FTEG illustrates its capability to convert heat into vertical temperature difference (ΔT), leading to a substantial ΔT at the cold end in contact with the environment, resulting in a power output of 7.1 μW with a ΔT of 45 K from only 5 TE chips. The reconfigurable FTEG presents significant potential for wearable devices to harness low‐grade heat.
Harnessing Fungi Signaling in Living Composites
Authors: Schyck Sarah , Marchese Pietro , Amani Muhamad , Ablonczy Mark , Spoelstra Linde , Jones Mitchell , Bathaei Yaren , Bismarck Alexander , Masania Kunal 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSignaling pathways in fungi offer a profound avenue for harnessing cellular communication and have garnered considerable interest in biomaterial engineering. Fungi respond to environmental stimuli through intricate signaling networks involving biochemical and electrical pathways, yet deciphering these mechanisms remains a challenge. In this review, an overview of fungal biology and their signaling pathways is provided, which can be activated in response to external stimuli and direct fungal growth and orientation. By examining the hyphal structure and the pathways involved in fungal signaling, the current state of recording fungal electrophysiological signals as well as the landscape of fungal biomaterials is explored. Innovative applications are highlighted, from sustainable materials to biomonitoring systems, and an outlook on the future of harnessing fungi signaling in living composites is provided.