bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linking demographic diversity to organisational outcomes
Authors: Muchiri Michael K. , Ayoko Oluremi B. 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThis paper aimed to explore the direct and indirect effects of demographic diversity variables on citizenship behaviours, affective commitment, collective efficacy and general productivity.Design/methodology/approachA self‐report questionnaire was used to gather data from employees in the public sector (local government) of Australia.FindingsResults of the hierarchical regression analyses showed direct and significant relationships between certain demographic diversity variables and several criterion variables. Moving from non‐management to management level was predictive of an increase in organisational citizenship behaviours and affective commitment. Additionally, an increase in tenure within a work unit was predictive of general productivity. Conversely, an increase in organisational tenure was predictive of a decrease in general productivity. Also, an increase in women in a work unit was predictive of a decrease in organisational citizenship behaviours, collective efficacy beliefs and general productivity. Furthermore, an increase in men in a work unit was predictive of a decrease in organisational citizenship behaviours, collective efficacy beliefs and general productivity. Moderated regression analyses indicated that transformational leadership moderated relationships between organisational tenure and organisational citizenship behaviours as well as organisational tenure and general productivity. Finally, transformational leadership moderated relationships between women in work unit and organisational citizenship behaviours, and women in work unit and general productivity.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors gathered cross‐sectional data for their research while both of their leadership and performance data were based on participants’ self‐reports. Future research should gather data from multiple sources and employ longitudinal and experimental designs to explore the link between demographic diversity, leadership and organisational outcomes.Practical implicationsBased on the current results, managers need to understand and nurture task‐related demographic diversity (such as gender composition of a workgroup, non‐management vs management level, and tenure in work unit) shown to be positively related to citizenship behaviours, affective commitment and general productivity. Furthermore, organisations should put in place human resource management programs which actively promote transformational leadership in order to lessen or neutralise possible negative effects of demographic diversity on relevant organisational outcomes.Originality/valueThis empirical study adds to the growing research findings regarding the relationship between demographic diversity variables and various organisational outcomes using data from the public sector of Australia.
Study on the fluid‐structure interaction of flexible printed circuit board motherboard in personal computer casings
Authors: Chiat Leong Wei , Zulkifly Abdullah Mohd , Yee Khor Chu , Ramdan Dadan 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) can be an alternative to the rigid printed circuit board because of its excellent flexibility, twistability, and light weight. Using FPCB to construct personal computer (PC) motherboard is still rare. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the fluid‐structure interaction (FSI) behaviors of the newly proposed FPCB motherboard under fan‐flow condition in the PC casings.Design/methodology/approachThe deflection and stress induced, which are usually ignored in the traditional rigid motherboard, are the main concern in the current FPCB motherboard studies. Only a few studies have been conducted on the effect of inlet locations, effect of inlet sizes, effect of multi‐inlets, and effect of a two‐fan system. These numerical analyses are performed using the fluid flow solver FLUENT and the structural solver ABAQUS; they are real‐time online coupled by Mesh‐based Parallel Code Coupling Interface (MpCCI).FindingsA smaller inlet size can cause higher deflection and stress fluctuations, but the fluctuations can be reduced by incorporating the multi‐inlets design. In addition, the inlet locations and two‐fan system can prominently affect the magnitudes of the deflection and stress induced.Practical implicationsThe current study provides better understanding and allows designers to be aware of the FSI phenomenon when dealing with the FPCB motherboard. Although the present study primarily focuses on the motherboard, the findings could also contribute valuable information for other FPCB applications.Originality/valueThe present study extends the FSI investigation from the previous novel approach of FPCB motherboard, and uniquely explores the behaviors of the FPCB motherboard inside different PC casings.
Tin contamination in PQFN package and its effects on wire bondability
Authors: Zong Fei , Wang Zhi‐jie , Xu Yan‐bo , Niu Ji‐yong , Zhang Han‐min 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper was to attempt to confirm the root cause of unstable stitch pull strength in PQFN package and propose some permanent solutions for it.Design/methodology/approachA screen experiment was designed to find the key process out of the manufacturing flow; a non‐destructive detaching method and cross section polishing were used to inspect the bond integrity; Auger analysis assisted with argon ion sputter was tried to confirm the contamination; finally the manufacturing processes were redesigned to prevent the contamination.FindingsSome first aids of process optimization got little improvement; the screen experiment of processes found solder die bonding was the one resulted into a poor bond integrity which was demonstrated by non‐destructive detaching method and cross section inspection; Auger analysis assisted with argon ion sputter detected that there was a tin layer thicker than 20 nm coated on the bonding surface and the wire bondability of gold wire on this tin coating was poor; the lead frame was redesigned to prevent the wetting and flowing of tin and got a perfect performance.Research limitations/implicationsBecause of the limitation of time and resources, the proposed solutions for this issue could be studied more deeply.Originality/valueThis paper set up an example how to find out the root cause from the complex manufacturing process flow and put forward a quick solution accordingly for the issue.
Impact of consumer involvement, emotions, and attitude toward Beijing Olympic Games on branding effectiveness of event sponsors
Authors: Mao Luke L. , Zhang James J. 
Published: June 2013

PurposeSponsorship has undeniably become one of the fastest growing global marketing practices. Business corporations seek sponsorship opportunities to actualize their overall organizational objectives, marketing goals, and promotional strategies, particularly to enhance brand equity. This study aimed to examine the influence of consumers’ involvement, emotions, and attitude toward Beijing Olympic Games on the branding effects of the event.Design/methodology/approachParticipants (N=556) were university students in China who had watched at least some coverage of Beijing Olympic Games. Two duplicate versions of a questionnaire were formulated and respondents were randomly selected to evaluate perceived branding effects of Beijing Olympic Games to be sponsored by two brands – Li‐Ning and Nongfu Spring.FindingsAn analysis of the structural model, relating brand loyalty, perceived quality, and brand association/awareness to respondent's involvement, emotional responses, and attitude toward the event, revealed that the proposed model fit the data well (CFI=0.96, TLI=0.98, RMSEA=0.048, WRMR=0.93). The findings revealed that branding effects were positively associated with consumer's attitude toward the sponsored event, which was partially determined by consumer's involvement and emotions.Originality/valueThis study examined the relationships among respondent's affective and cognitive involvement, negative and positive emotional responses, and attitude toward the Beijing Olympic Games on the perceived branding effects of event sponsorship.
Professional football clubs and corporate social responsibility
Authors: Blumrodt Jens , Desbordes Michel , Bodin Dominique 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe subject of CSR is nowadays widely discussed, as is its relevance to the sport entertainment industry. The objective of this research was to investigate corporate social responsibility (CSR) actions in the professional European football league and its impact on clubs’ brand image.Design/methodology/approachThe first part of this research discusses some particular points of the world's biggest sport entertainment, which is soccer. Then a definition of the meaning of CSR for this particular sector will be outlined. The CSR values adopted by sport clubs are observed in first division football in France. This approach has been combined with brand theories.FindingsThe specific research protocol evaluates consumers’ perceptions. The method which is developed measures and analyses the impact of CSR commitment on spectators’ brand perception. In linking CSR to brand image, two managerial viewpoints are discussed. CSR is synonymous with a company's social and ethical commitment. Brand theories outline the nature of brand equity. The authors apply these two complementary considerations to professional football clubs and argue that Keller's model of customer‐based brand equity has to be reconsidered for football clubs.Practical implicationsThis research highlights that CSR has to become part of management strategies.Originality/valueThe authors draw attention to the argument that the professional sport entertainment industry requires a specific CSR management strategy which goes beyond the local level or the operational level of one single club. These clubs have to perform well in competition. But, as in no other industry, they have also to be “good” brands.
Australian Football League: “home advantage”, “umpire bias” or both?
Authors: Watson John 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThis study sought to clarify potentially conflicting results from two prior studies examining the “home advantage”, and possible “umpire bias”, in the Australian Football League (AFL).Design/methodology/approachUsing categorical regression analysis, and controlling for team ability, the number of free kicks awarded to/against each AFL team during the home and away season of 2006 was investigated.FindingsThe findings support previous research suggesting home teams generally win more often and receive more favourable treatment from umpires. However, for games involving both a Victorian and a non‐Victorian team, there is clear evidence of “umpire bias” (beyond the traditional “home advantage”) operating against non‐Victorian teams.Research limitations/implicationsA major limitation of this study is that it only considers the number of free kicks awarded and not where, or when, those free kicks are awarded.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that the AFL should seriously consider appointing neutral umpires for all games (particularly those involving a Victorian and non‐Victorian team) and establishing an independent panel to oversee the development and selection of AFL umpires.Originality/valueThis is the first study of potential “bias” in the AFL that controls for team ability and, as such, helps to reconcile conflicting conclusions from two prior studies.
Suggestions for improving outcomes in the NHS following “mild” traumatic brain injury in adults, a bio‐psycho‐social approach
Authors: Bunnage Martin 
Published: June 2013

PurposeMild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a common occurrence. For most people recovery is quick and complete. For a minority disability persists. This paper aims to discuss the factors that likely give rise to this on‐going disability and discuss the current evidence‐based approaches to treatment.Design/methodology/approachA selective review of the contemporaneous research literature was undertaken.FindingsOn‐going disability following mTBI is likely to be secondary to a combination of factors, namely subtle organic damage, psychological factors and situational/motivational factors. These factors likely operate to different degrees in different individuals and may vary over time in individual cases. Treatment in the form of a multi‐disciplinary assessment, accurate sign‐posting to appropriate services and cognitive‐behavioural psychotherapy is likely to improve outcomes for some with on‐going disability following mTBI.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research should aim to identify at an early stage post‐injury those individuals at risk of developing on‐going disability following mTBI and the efficacy of different treatment approaches.Practical implicationsEarlier identification of individuals not making the expected rapid recovery from mTBI, followed by appropriate multi‐disciplinary assessment and intervention would likely improve outcomes for patients at risk of developing on‐going disability following mTBI.Originality/valueThis paper is of value to healthcare professionals who encounter individuals reporting on‐going symptoms and problems following an apparently mild traumatic brain injury.
How can children with ABI achieve their potential?
Authors: Ashworth Janette 
Published: June 2013

PurposeFunctional deficits caused by ABI often prevent children from developing independence at the level of which they are cognitively capable. This case study aims to illustrate how consistent educational and behaviour management strategies including an antecedent behaviour management (ABM) approach, coupled with individualised neuroeducation informed by the student's specific neurodisabilities, had a positive impact on attainment and development and led to much improved ability to self manage, interact with others and attain personal goals.Design/methodology/approachThe study considers the impact of an antecedent behaviour management (ABM) approach, coupled with individualised neuroeducation, in working with an adolescent student whose violent, aggressive and self‐harming behaviour was preventing her from developing independence, achieving her academic potential and interacting positively with her family, peers and other adults.FindingsThe results of the case study indicate that a consistent and well‐informed ABM strategy can have an extremely positive effect, when employed in conjunction with individualised neuroeducation, resulting in improved self‐management, independence, academic attainment and a much improved relationship with peers, family and other adults.Originality/valueThe Trust Centre is the UK's only specialist school for children with an ABI and this is the first time in the UK that a 24‐hour curriculum, encompassing therapy, care and academic education, has been integrated based on the child's identified neurological needs. The findings clearly point to the value of this approach.
Using stable isotope probing to obtain a targeted metatranscriptome of aerobic methanotrophs in lake sediment
Authors: Dumont Marc G. , Pommerenke Bianca , Casper Peter 
Published: June 2013

SummaryIn this study, we demonstrate the possibility of obtaining a targeted metatranscriptome from a functional group of microorganisms using a stable isotope probing (SIP) approach. Methanotrophs in lake sediment were labelled using 13CH4, and both labelled and unlabelled‐RNA were isolated and sequenced by 454 pyrosequencing. The unlabelled metatranscriptome had a large diversity of bacterial, archaeal, eukaryotic and viral sequences as expected from a diverse sediment community. In contrast, the labelled‐RNA metatranscriptome was dominated by methanotroph sequences, particularly from Methylococcaceae. Transcripts of the methane monooxygenase genes pmoCAB were the most abundant in this metatranscriptome, and the pathway of methane oxidation to CO2 could be traced, as well as many steps in the ribulose monophosphate pathway for carbon assimilation. A high abundance of mRNA transcripts for proteins related to motility was detected, suggesting an importance for methanotrophs in lake sediments. This combination of SIP and metatranscriptomics should be broadly applicable, and will enhance the detection and identification of mRNA from target organisms.
Strict vegetarian diet improves the risk factors associated with metabolic diseases by modulating gut microbiota and reducing intestinal inflammation
Authors: Kim Min‐Soo , Hwang Seong‐Soo , Park Eun‐Jin , Bae Jin‐Woo 
Published: June 2013

SummaryLow‐grade inflammation of the intestine results in metabolic dysfunction, in which dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is intimately involved. Dietary fibre induces prebiotic effects that may restore imbalances in the gut microbiota; however, no clinical trials have been reported in patients with metabolic diseases. Here, six obese subjects with type 2 diabetes and/or hypertension were assigned to a strict vegetarian diet (SVD) for 1 month, and blood biomarkers of glucose and lipid metabolisms, faecal microbiota using 454‐pyrosequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA genes, faecal lipocalin‐2 and short‐chain fatty acids were monitored. An SVD reduced body weight and the concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and haemoglobin A1c, and improved fasting glucose and postprandial glucose levels. An SVD reduced the Firmicutes‐to‐Bacteroidetes ratio in the gut microbiota, but did not alter enterotypes. An SVD led to a decrease in the pathobionts such as the Enterobacteriaceae and an increase in commensal microbes such as Bacteroides fragilis and Clostridium species belonging to clusters XIVa and IV, resulting in reduced intestinal lipocalin‐2 and short‐chain fatty acids levels. This study underscores the benefits of dietary fibre for improving the risk factors of metabolic diseases and shows that increased fibre intake reduces gut inflammation by changing the gut microbiota.
Interaction of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia with Acanthamoeba castellanii parallels macrophage–fungus interactions
Authors: Van Waeyenberghe Lieven , Baré Julie , Pasmans Frank , Claeys Myriam , Bert Wim , Haesebrouck Freddy , Houf Kurt , Martel An 
Published: June 2013

SummaryAspergillus fumigatus and free‐living amoebae are common inhabitants of soil. Mechanisms of A. fumigatus to circumvent the amoeba's digestion may facilitate overcoming the vertebrate macrophage defence mechanisms. We performed co‐culture experiments using A. fumigatus conidia and the amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii. Approximately 25% of the amoebae ingested A. fumigatus conidia after 1 h of contact. During intra‐amoebal passage, part of the ingested conidia was able to escape the food vacuole and to germinate inside the cytoplasm of A. castellanii. Fungal release into the extra‐protozoan environment by exocytosis of conidia or by germination was observed with light and transmission electron microscopy. These processes resulted in structural changes in A. castellanii, leading to amoebal permeabilization without cell lysis. In conclusion, A. castellanii internalizes A. fumigatus conidia, resulting in fungal intracellular germination and subsequent amoebal death. As such, this interaction highly resembles that of A. fumigatus with mammalian and avian macrophages. This suggests that A. fumigatus virulence mechanisms to evade macrophage killing may be acquired by co‐evolutionary interactions among A. fumigatus and environmental amoebae.
Emergency Department–Based Brief Intervention to Reduce Risky Driving and Hazardous/Harmful Drinking in Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sommers Marilyn S. , Lyons Michael S. , Fargo Jamison D. , Sommers Benjamin D. , McDonald Catherine C. , Shope Jean T. , Fleming Michael F. 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundRisky driving and hazardous drinking are associated with significant human and economic costs. Brief interventions for more than one risky behavior have the potential to reduce health‐compromising behaviors in populations with multiple risk‐taking behaviors such as young adults. Emergency department (ED) visits provide a window of opportunity for interventions meant to reduce both risky driving and hazardous drinking.MethodsWe determined the efficacy of a Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) protocol addressing risky driving and hazardous drinking. We used a randomized controlled trial design with follow‐ups through 12 months. ED patients aged 18 to 44 who screened positive for both behaviors (n = 476) were randomized to brief intervention (BIG), contact control (CCG), or no‐contact control (NCG) groups. The BIG (n = 150) received a 20‐minute assessment and two 20‐minute interventions. The CCG (n = 162) received a 20‐minute assessment at baseline and no intervention. The NCG (n = 164) were asked for contact information at baseline and had no assessment or intervention. Outcomes at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months were self‐reported driving behaviors and alcohol consumption.ResultsOutcomes were significantly lower in BIG compared with CCG through 6 or 9 months, but not at 12 months: Safety belt use at 3 months (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.08 to 0.65); 6 months (AOR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.42); and 9 months (AOR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.06 to 0.56); binge drinking at 3 months (adjusted rate ratio [ARR] 0.84; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.97) and 6 months (ARR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.97); and ≥5 standard drinks/d at 3 months (AOR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.91) and 6 months (AOR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.98). No substantial differences were observed between BIG and NCG at 12 months.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that SBIRT reduced risky driving and hazardous drinking in young adults, but its effects did not persist after 9 months. Future research should explore methods for extending the intervention effect.
Concentrating on affective feedforward in online tutoring
Authors: Chen Ya‐Ting , Chou Yung‐Hsin , Cowan John 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWith considerable input from the student voice, the paper centres on a detailed account of the experiences of Western academic, tutoring Eastern students online to develop their critical thinking skills. From their online experiences together as tutor and students, the writers present a considered case for the main emphasis in facilitative online tutoring to be on building, and then building upon, congruent relationships and constructive feedforward. Initially, the Western tutor had followed as best he could the norms of a Confucian Heritage Culture, concentrating reactively on instructional feedback. He then took the considered risk of reverting to proactivity, following the advice of Rogers and Vygotsky and according to an explicit rationale. The ensuing changes in students' online discussions and their learning experiences were marked and were objectively analysed. The tutor and two of his students suggest that the nature of congruent tutor/student relationships, irrespective of culture, is more significant in effectively promoting development than the cognitive content that might feature in feedback in such interactions. For it seems possible from the reported experiences that learning dependent on technological links may benefit from meaningful tutor/student relationships.A video abstract of this article can be viewed at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=teslTzgVBsc&feature=youtu.be