bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of (+)‐pentazocine on the antinociceptive effects of (–)‐pentazocine in mice
Authors: Mori Tomohisa , Ohya Junpei , Itoh Toshimasa , Ise Yuya , Shibasaki Masahiro , Suzuki Tsutomu 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTPrevious studies have shown that sigma‐1 receptor chaperone (Sig‐1R) ligands can regulate pain‐related behaviors, and Sig‐1R itself can regulate μ‐opioid receptor functions as well as signal transduction. Even though (±)‐pentazocine has been used clinically for the treatment of pain through opioid receptors, (+)‐pentazocine is known to be a selective Sig‐1R agonist. To the best of our knowledge, there is no information available regarding the involvement of Sig‐1R agonistic action in the antinociceptive effects of (±)‐pentazocine. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the effects of (+)‐pentazocine on the antinociceptive effects of (–)‐pentazocine in mice. Both and (–)‐pentazocine induced biphasic antinociceptive effects as measured by the warm‐plate test. The early phase, but not the delayed phase, of the antinociceptive effects induced by (–)‐pentazocine, which are mediated by the activation of μ‐opioid receptors, were suppressed by pretreatment with (+)‐pentazocine. These results suggest that the innate antinociceptive action of (±)‐pentazocine could be marginally reduced by the effects of (+)‐pentazocine, but (+)‐pentazocine can suppress the antinociceptive effects of (–)‐pentazocine at certain time points. Synapse 69:166–171, 2015.  © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
All in the Family: Barriers and Motivators to the Use of Cancer Family History Questionnaires and the Impact on Attendance Rates
Authors: Armel Susan Randall , McCuaig Jeanna , Gojska Nicole , Demsky Rochelle , Maganti Manjula , Murphy Joan , Rosen Barry 
Published: January 2015

AbstractData has demonstrated that family history questionnaires (FHQs) are an invaluable tool for assessing familial cancer risk and triaging patients for genetic counseling services. Despite their benefits, return rates of mailed FHQs from newly referred patients remain low, suggesting potential barriers to their use. To investigate this, a total of 461 participants, 239 who completed a FHQ (responders) and 222 who did not (non‐responders), were surveyed at a subsequent appointment regarding potential barriers and motivators to using the FHQ. With respective rates of 51 and 56 %, there was no significant difference in the proportion of responders and non‐responders who reported difficulty in completing the FHQ; however, for both groups factors related to family dynamics (large family size, lack of contact with relatives, and lack of knowledge of family history) were reported as major variables confounding completion of the FHQ. Responders were also significantly more likely to have a personal diagnosis of cancer (p = 0.02) and to report that their physician had discussed the reason for the appointment with them (p = 0.01). Overall, 19 % of non‐responders returned their FHQ after being mailed an appointment letter and 67 % attended their scheduled genetic counseling appointment. These findings demonstrate that difficulty completing the FHQ is not inherent to its design but due to difficulty accessing one's family history, and that mailed appointment letters are a highly successful way to increase attendance rates in the non‐responder population. Furthermore, these results demonstrate the important role that referring physicians play in the utilization of genetic counseling services.
Temporal variability of food determines the outcome of pesticide exposure in Daphnia
Authors: Reyes Claudio A. , Ramos‐Jiliberto Rodrigo , González‐Barrientos Javier 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn nature the effect that pollutants exert on exposed organisms could depend on the state and dynamics of natural environmental factors as well as on the internal state of the exposed organisms. In this study we evaluated how level and variability of food, as well as the age of exposure can modify the effects of the pesticide deltamethrin on the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna. The effects of the pesticide were measured on life history and nutritional traits (lipid storage) of the test organisms, which were exposed at different juvenile ages under constant (high and low) food as well as food shortage treatments. Our results show that deltamethrin exerts significant effects on all evaluated traits of Daphnia, and several responses are shaped by deltamethrin interacting with food and age of exposure. Two novel results are remarkable. First, at constant food treatments the effects of the pesticide were stronger on younger individuals, whereas in food shortage treatments the effects were stronger on older individuals. Second, we observed that deltamethrin exerted stronger effects on certain traits (survival, body growth and median consumption time of lipids) in Daphnia exposed to food shortage, as compared to constant low food treatments. Our results highlight the importance of the dynamics of resources in freshwater systems for shaping the vulnerability of herbivores to pollutants released to the ecosystem and improve our understanding of how the organismal responses to environmental stress are determined by the ecological condition of the organisms at the instant of being exposed to perturbations.
International note: Association between perceived resilience and health risk behaviours in homeless youth
Authors: Oppong Asante Kwaku , Meyer‐Weitz Anna 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTHomeless youth are regarded as an extremely high risk group, susceptible to suicidal ideation substance abuse, and high rates of mental illness. While there exists a substantial body of knowledge regarding resilience of homeless youth, few studies has examined the relationship between perceived resilience and health risk behaviours. The present study describes the findings from a quantitative examination of street‐related demographics, resilience, suicidal ideation, substance abuse, sexual risk behaviours and violent related behaviours among 227 homeless youth. The findings revealed that perceived resilience was negatively related to suicidal ideation, substance abuse and violence. Suicidal ideation was positively related to both substance abuse and violence, whilst violence and substance abuse were positively correlated. Multiple regressions showed that perceived resilience served as a protective factor for suicidal ideation and having multiple sexual lifetime partners, suggesting that youth with lower level of perceived resilience were more likely to engage in various health risks behaviours.
IjtihādagainstMadhhab: Legal Hybridity and the Meanings of Modernity in Early Modern Daghestan
Authors: Gould Rebecca 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis article explores the interface of multiple legal systems in early modern Daghestan. By comparing colonial engagements with legal plurality with indigenous genres of Daghestani legal discourse, I aim to shed light on the plurality of legal systems that preceded as well as informed legal discourse under colonialism. The Daghestani turn toijtihād(independent legal reasoning) in the early modern period parallels the turn away fromcādāt(indigenous law) that shaped modern Islamic as well as colonial legal regimes, albeit with radically distinctive genealogies. In tracing these internal debates, I offer a preliminary genealogy of Daghestaniijtihādthat is grounded in the robust debates concerning the sources of Islamic authority that originated in Yemen and were transmitted to Daghestan by traveling scholars. This essay is a contribution to the study of legal norms on colonial borderlands, as well as to the study of Islamic modernity before colonialism.
Temperature-dependent innate defense against the common cold virus limits viral replication at warm temperature in mouse airway cells
Authors: Foxman Ellen F. , Storer James A. , Fitzgerald Megan E. , Wasik Bethany R. , Hou Lin , Zhao Hongyu , Turner Paul E. , Pyle Anna Marie , Iwasaki Akiko 
Published: January 2015

Significance
Rhinovirus is the most frequent cause of the common cold, as well as one of the most important causes of asthma exacerbations. Most rhinovirus strains replicate better at the cooler temperatures found in the nasal cavity than at lung temperature, but the underlying mechanisms are not known. Using a mouse-adapted virus, we found that airway epithelial cells supporting rhinovirus replication initiate a more robust antiviral defense response through RIG-I–like receptor (RLR)–dependent interferon secretion and enhanced interferon responsiveness at lung temperature vs. nasal cavity temperature. Airway cells with genetic deficiencies in RLR or type I interferon receptor signaling supported much higher levels of viral replication at 37 °C. Thus, cooler temperatures can enable replication of the common cold virus, at least in part, by diminishing antiviral immune responses.
Enduring good memories of infant trauma: Rescue of adult neurobehavioral deficits via amygdala serotonin and corticosterone interaction
Authors: Rincón-Cortés Millie , Barr Gordon A. , Mouly Anne Marie , Shionoya Kiseko , Nuñez Bestina S. , Sullivan Regina M. 
Published: January 2015

Significance
Infant trauma induces preference learning about trauma-linked cues but negatively programs neurobehavioral development. Despite clinical evidence that trauma-linked cues remain powerful throughout life, the mechanisms underlying the interaction between infant trauma cues and the long-term effects of trauma are unknown. Using a rodent model of trauma bonding, which produces a life-long preferred odor and enduring effects that parallel the sequelae of child abuse, we show that the infant trauma odor rescues adult depressive-like behavior and amygdala dysfunction. Assessment of neural mechanism implicates amygdala serotonin (5-HT) and glucocorticoids (GCs). Our findings suggest that trauma-linked cues have an unexpected positive value in adulthood (i.e., antidepressant properties) and may provide insight as to why victims of childhood abuse are attracted to abuse-related cues.
Structure of FcγRI in complex with Fc reveals the importance of glycan recognition for high-affinity IgG binding
Authors: Lu Jinghua , Chu Jonathan , Zou Zhongcheng , Hamacher Nels B. , Rixon Mark W. , Sun Peter D. 
Published: January 2015

Significance
Fc gamma receptor I (FcγRI) contributes to protective immunity against bacterial infections, but exacerbates certain autoimmune diseases. It is the sole high-affinity receptor for IgG and plays a significant role in immunotherapy. To date, there is no structural information available on how the receptor recognizes its antibody ligands, however. Consequently, the mechanism of its high-affinity IgG binding remains unclear. We report the first structure of the high-affinity Fc receptor in complex with IgG-Fc. The structural work reveals a direct receptor recognition of Fc glycan as a major factor in receptor affinity. This is the first example of Fc receptor making direct glycan contact through protein residues. The results have implications for the use of glycan engineering in immunotherapy.
Central role of SIAH inhibition in DCC-dependent cardioprotection provoked by netrin-1/NO
Authors: Li Qiang , Wang Ping , Ye Keqiang , Cai Hua 
Published: January 2015

Significance
Therapies for myocardial infarction consequent to ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) have been lacking. The netrin-1 receptor deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) mediates netrin-1–dependent cardioprotective signaling. It is anticipated that any means of augmenting DCC signaling may induce cardioprotection on its own and enhance netrin-1/NO–dependent cardioprotection. The present study identifies a novel mechanism by which NO upregulates DCC abundance. NO inhibits seven in absentia homolog (SIAH), an E3 ubiquitin ligase that suppresses DCC. Inhibition of SIAH by in vivo RNA interference markedly reduces infarct size to improve cardiac function that was determined by echocardiography. Combined with netrin-1 perfusion, it further potentiated netrin-1’s cardioprotective effect. SIAH may therefore serve as a novel therapeutic target for myocardial infarction, particularly those suffering from cardiac I/R injury.
Variation in Rapa Nui (Easter Island) land use indicates production and population peaks prior to European contact
Authors: Stevenson Christopher M. , Puleston Cedric O. , Vitousek Peter M. , Chadwick Oliver A. , Haoa Sonia , Ladefoged Thegn N. 
Published: January 2015

Significance
Our paper evaluates a long-standing debate and examines whether the prehistoric population of Rapa Nui experienced a significant demographic collapse prior to European contact in AD 1722. We have used dates from hydrated obsidian artifacts recovered from habitation sites as a proxy for land use over time. The analysis suggests region-specific dynamics that include the abandonment of leeward and interior locations. These temporal land-use patterns correlate with rainfall variation and soil quality. This analysis demonstrates that the concept of “collapse” is a misleading characterization of prehistoric human population dynamics. As a result, we see our approach as useful in the study of other prehistoric societies for which a sudden demographic collapse has been proposed in prehistory.
Cdc45 (cell division cycle protein 45) guards the gate of the Eukaryote Replisome helicase stabilizing leading strand engagement
Authors: Petojevic Tatjana , Pesavento James J. , Costa Alessandro , Liang Jingdan , Wang Zhijun , Berger James M. , Botchan Michael R. 
Published: January 2015

Significance
Cell division control protein 45 (Cdc45), a RecJ homologue, is essential in all eukaryotes. Cdc45 functions with the replisome CMG helicase where minichromosome maintenance (Mcm2–7) proteins provide motor activity for unwinding duplex during replication. We report that the dynamic gate between Mcm subunits 2 and 5, which is essential for the initial loading of the motor, may be an Achilles heel because the leading strand may slip from its central channel in an open gate state. Studies show that the side channel formed by the Cdc45 and GINS works as a trap and guards this gate; the Recombination protein J fold is key for this activity. We propose that this new function for Cdc45 will be important for fork integrity during the S-phase in response to double-strand breaks or replication stress.
Theory of point contact spectroscopy in correlated materials
Authors: Lee Wei-Cheng , Park Wan Kyu , Arham Hamood Z. , Greene Laura H. , Phillips Philip 
Published: January 2015

Significance
Point-contact spectroscopy is a bulk spectroscopic probe that has been reliably used to map out bosonic and superconducting order parameter spectra via quasiparticle classical and Andreev scattering, respectively. We previously showed this technique to be exquisitely sensitive to an effective density of states specifically arising from non-Fermi liquid behavior, and in the case of the iron pnictides and chalcogenides, electronic nematicity manifesting as a zero bias conductance peak corresponds to an increased effective density of states at the Fermi level arising from orbital fluctuations. We developed a quantum mechanical theory to show how this technique reveals such effective density of states while being insensitive to gapless Fermi surface reconstructions and is therefore a valuable filter for detecting non-Fermi liquid behavior.
Bioenergy Supply and Environmental Impacts on Cropland: Insights from Multi‐market Forecasts in a Great Lakes Subregional Bioeconomic Model
Authors: Egbendewe‐Mondzozo Aklesso , Swinton Scott M. , Kang Shujiang , Post Wilfred M. , Binfield Julian C. , Thompson Wyatt 
Published: January 2015

AbstractUsing subregional models of crop production choices in central Wisconsin and southwest Michigan, we predict biomass production, land use, and environmental impacts with details that are unavailable from national scale models. When biomass prices are raised exogenously, we find that the subregional models overestimate the supply, the land use, and the beneficial environmental aspects of perennial biomass crops. Multi‐market price feedbacks tied to realistic policy parameters predict high threshold absolute prices for biomass to enter production, resulting in intensified production of biomass from annual grain crops with damaging environmental impacts. Multi‐market feedbacks also predict regional specialization in energy biomass production in areas with lower yields of food crops. Policies promoting biofuels will not necessarily generate environmental benefits in the absence of environmental regulations.
In vitro antifungal activity and in vivo antibiofilm activity of cerium nitrate against Candida species
Authors: Silva-Dias Ana , Miranda Isabel M. , Branco Joana , Cobrado Luís , Monteiro-Soares Matilde , Pina-Vaz Cidália , Rodrigues Acácio G. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Objectives
The objective of this study was to clarify the antifungal properties of cerium, a lanthanide member, against Candida species. A comprehensive study with planktonic and sessile cells was performed. The ability of cerium nitrate (CN) to impair in vitro and in vivo biofilm formation was evaluated and its potential use in biofilm treatment was also evaluated.

Methods
Forty-eight clinical isolates of different Candida species and the type strain ATCC 90028 were tested according to the protocol M27-A3. The MICs and minimum lethal concentrations were determined. A time–kill assay was performed and a cytometric kinetic study was performed using live/dead markers. Biofilm inhibition and biofilm susceptibility in the presence of cerium was evaluated by quantification of the biofilm metabolic activity and total biomass with XTT and crystal violet assays, respectively. CN in vivo efficacy as a coating for medical indwelling devices was evaluated for the first time for Candida parapsilosis, using a mouse subcutaneous foreign body model using polyurethane catheter segments. Scanning electron microscopy was used to assess biofilm architecture after CN treatment.

Results
The MICs for planktonic cells correlated with severe cellular metabolic activity impairment and membrane damage after 3 h of incubation. Moreover, CN efficiently prevented biofilm formation both in vitro and in vivo in segments of polyurethane catheters. At higher concentrations, it was also able to disorganize and almost eradicate preformed biofilms.

Conclusions
Our results strongly suggest that CN application in the clinical setting might be effective in preventing the formation of biofilm-associated infections, namely through catheter coating and ultimately as an antimicrobial lock therapy.
Dynamics of MDR Enterobacter cloacae outbreaks in a neonatal unit in Nepal: insights using wider sampling frames and next-generation sequencing
Authors: Stoesser N. , Sheppard A. E. , Shakya M. , Sthapit B. , Thorson S. , Giess A. , Kelly D. , Pollard A. J. , Peto T. E. A. , Walker A. S. , Crook D. W. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Objectives
There are limited data on Enterobacter cloacae outbreaks and fewer describing these in association with NDM-1. With whole-genome sequencing, we tested the hypothesis that a cluster of 16 E. cloacae bacteraemia cases in a Nepali neonatal unit represented a single clonal outbreak, using a wider set of epidemiologically unrelated clinical E. cloacae isolates for comparison.

Methods
Forty-three isolates were analysed, including 23 E. cloacae and 3 Citrobacter sp. isolates obtained from blood cultures from 16 neonates over a 3 month period. These were compared with two contemporaneous community-associated drug-resistant isolates from adults, a unit soap dispenser isolate and a set of historical invasive isolates (n = 14) from the same geographical locality.

Results
There were two clear neonatal outbreaks and one isolated case in the unit. One outbreak was associated with an NDM-1 plasmid also identified in a historical community-associated strain. The smaller, second outbreak was likely associated with a contaminated soap dispenser. The two community-acquired adult cases and three sets of historical hospital-associated neonatal isolates represented four additional genetic clusters.

Conclusions
E. cloacae infections in this context represent several different transmission networks, operating at the community/hospital and host strain/plasmid levels. Wide sampling frames and high-resolution typing methods are needed to describe the complex molecular epidemiology of E. cloacae outbreaks, which is not appropriately reflected by routine susceptibility phenotypes. Soap dispensers may represent a reservoir for E. cloacae and bacterial strains and plasmids may persist in hospitals and in the community for long periods, sporadically being involved in outbreaks of disease.
Putting CYP2C19 genotyping to the test: utility of pharmacogenomic evaluation in a voriconazole-treated haematology cohort
Authors: Trubiano J. A. , Crowe A. , Worth L. J. , Thursky K. A. , Slavin M. A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractObjectivesThe clinical utility of pharmacogenomic testing in haematology patients with invasive fungal disease (IFD) receiving azole therapy has not been defined. We report our experience with CYP2C19 testing in haematological patients requiring voriconazole therapy for IFD.MethodsAs a single-centre pilot study, 19 consecutive patients with a haematological malignancy undergoing active chemotherapy with a possible, probable or proven IFD requiring voriconazole therapy underwent CYP2C19 testing from 2013 to 2014. Baseline patient demographics, concurrent medications, voriconazole levels and IFD history were captured.ResultsThe median voriconazole levels for intermediate metabolizer (IM) (CYP2C19*2 or 3/*1 or 17), extensive metabolizer (EM) (CYP2C19*1/*1) and heterozygote ultrarapid metabolizer (HUM)/ultrarapid metabolizer (UM) (UM, CYP2C19*17/*17; HUM, CYP2C19*1/*17) patients were 5.23, 3.3 and 1.25 mg/L, respectively. Time to therapeutic voriconazole levels was longest in the IM group, whilst voriconazole levels &lt;1 mg/L were only seen in UM, HUM and EM phenotypes. The highest rates of clinical toxicity were seen in the IM group (3/5, 60%).ConclusionsVoriconazole exposure and toxicity was highest for IM and lowest for HUM/UM phenotypes. Time to therapeutic voriconazole level was longest in IM, whilst refractory subtherapeutic levels requiring CYP2C19 inhibition were only seen in the EM, HUM and UM phenotypes. CYP2C19 genotyping may predict those likely to have supratherapeutic or subtherapeutic levels and/or toxicity. Prospective evaluation of clinical pathways incorporating genotyping and voriconazole dose-titrating algorithms is required.