bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic–Inorganic Interface‐Induced Multi‐Fluorescence of MgO Nanocrystal Clusters and Their Applications in Cellular Imaging
Authors: Xie Shuifen , Bao Shixiong , Ouyang Junjie , Zhou Xi , Kuang Qin , Xie Zhaoxiong , Zheng Lansun 
Published: March 2014

AbstractSurface functionalization of inorganic nanomaterials through chemical binding of organic ligands on the surface unsaturated atoms, forming unique organic–inorganic interfaces, is a powerful approach for creating special functions for inorganic nanomaterials. Herein, we report the synthesis of hierarchical MgO nanocrystal clusters (NCs) with an organic–inorganic interface induced multi‐fluorescence and their application as new alternative labels for cellular imaging. The synthetic method was established by a dissolution and regrowth process with the assistance of carboxylic acid, in which the as‐prepared MgO NCs were modified with carboxylic groups at the coordinatively unsaturated atoms of the surface. By introducing acetic acid to partially replace oleic acid in the reaction, the optical absorption of the produced MgO NCs was progressively engineered from the UV to the visible region. Importantly, with wider and continuous absorption profile, those MgO NCs presented bright and tunable multicolor emissions from blue‐violet to green and yellow, with the highest absolute quantum yield up to (33±1) %. The overlap for the energy levels of the inorganic–organic interface and low‐coordinated states stimulated a unique fluorescence resonance energy transfer phenomenon. Considering the potential application in cellular imaging, such multi‐fluorescent MgO NCs were further encapsulated with a silica shell to improve the water solubility and stability. As expected, the as‐formed MgO@SiO2 NCs possessed great biocompatibility and high performance in cellular imaging.
On the Mechanism of Bifunctional Squaramide‐Catalyzed Organocatalytic Michael Addition: A Protonated Catalyst as an Oxyanion Hole
Authors: Kótai Bianka , Kardos György , Hamza Andrea , Farkas Viktor , Pápai Imre , Soós Tibor 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA joint experimental–theoretical study of a bifunctional squaramide‐amine‐catalyzed Michael addition reaction between 1,3‐dioxo nucleophiles and nitrostyrene has been undertaken to gain insight into the nature of bifunctional organocatalytic activation. For this highly stereoselective reaction, three previously proposed mechanistic scenarios for the critical CC bond‐formation step were examined. Accordingly, the formation of the major stereoisomeric products is most plausible by one of the bifunctional pathways that involve electrophile activation by the protonated amine group of the catalyst. However, some of the minor product isomers are also accessible through alternative reaction routes. Structural analysis of transition states points to the structural invariance of certain fragments of the transition state, such as the protonated catalyst and the anionic fragment of approaching reactants. Our topological analysis provides deeper insight and a more general understanding of bifunctional noncovalent organocatalysis.
Metal‐Free CC Coupling Reactions with Tetraguanidino‐Functionalized Pyridines and Light
Authors: Stang Simone , Kaifer Elisabeth , Himmel Hans‐Jörg 
Published: March 2014

AbstractHerein we report on metal‐free CC coupling reactions mediated by the pyridine derivative 2,3,6,7‐tetrakis(tetramethylguanidino)pyridine under the action of visible light. The rate‐determining step is the homolytic NC bond cleavage of the initially formed N‐alkyl pyridinium ion upon excitation with visible light. The released alkyl radicals subsequently dimerize to the CC coupling product. 2,3,6,7‐Tetrakis(tetramethylguanidino)pyridine, which is a strong electron donor (E1/2(CH2Cl2)=−0.76 V vs. ferrocene) is oxidized to the dication. For alkyl=benzyl and allyl, relatively high first‐order rate constants of 0.23±0.03 and 0.13±0.03 s−1 were determined. Regeneration of neutral 2,3,6,7‐tetrakis(tetramethylguanidino)‐pyridine by reduction allows to drive the process in a cycle.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Highly Luminescent Carbon Quantum Dots and Their Nontoxic Ingestion by Zebrafish for In Vivo Imaging
Authors: Huang Yi‐Fan , Zhou Xin , Zhou Rong , Zhang Hong , Kang Kai‐Bin , Zhao Min , Peng Yong , Wang Qiang , Zhang Hao‐Li , Qiu Wen‐Yuan 
Published: March 2014

AbstractPhotoluminescent carbon and/or silicon‐based nanodots have attracted ever increasing interest. Accordingly, a myriad of synthetic methodologies have been developed to fabricate them, which unfortunately, however, frequently involve relatively tedious steps, such as initial surface passivation and subsequent functionalization. Herein, we describe a green and sustainable synthetic strategy to combine these procedures into one step and to produce highly luminescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs), which can also be easily fabricated into flexible thin films with intense luminescence for future roll‐to‐roll manufacturing of optoelectronic devices. The as‐synthesized CQDs exhibited enhanced cellular permeability and low or even noncytotoxicity for cellular applications, as corroborated by confocal fluorescence imaging of HeLa cells as well as cell viability measurements. Most strikingly, zebrafish were directly fed with CQDs for in vivo imaging, and mortality and morphologic analysis indicated ingestion of the CQDs posed no harm to the living organisms. Hence, the multifunctional CQDs potentially provide a rich pool of tools for optoelectronic and biomedical applications.
Ruthenium(II)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Isochromenes by CH Activation with Weakly Coordinating Aliphatic Hydroxyl Groups
Authors: Nakanowatari Sachiyo , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: March 2014

AbstractCationic ruthenium(II) complexes have been employed for the highly effective oxidative annulation of alkynes with benzyl alcohols to deliver diversely decorated isochromenes. The hydroxyl‐directed CH/OH functionalization process proceeded efficiently under an atmosphere of air. Detailed mechanistic studies were indicative of a kinetically relevant CH metalation.
1‐Alkenylcalcium Iodide: Synthesis and Stability
Authors: Köhler Mathias , Görls Helmar , Langer Jens , Westerhausen Matthias 
Published: March 2014

AbstractTo enhance the scope of heavy calcium‐based Grignard reagents, 1,2‐dihydro‐4‐iodonaphthalene (1) was reduced with calcium in THF giving tetrakis(thf) (1,2‐dihydronaphth‐4‐yl)calcium iodide (2). This derivative represents a 1‐alkenylcalcium complex based on X‐ray structure determination and NMR data. The stability of this compound is significantly reduced compared with the aromatic naphthylcalcium iodide.
Conformational Changes in Calcium‐Sensor Proteins under Molecular Crowding Conditions
Authors: Sulmann Stefan , Dell'Orco Daniele , Marino Valerio , Behnen Petra , Koch Karl‐Wilhelm 
Published: March 2014

AbstractFundamental components of signaling pathways are switch modes in key proteins that control start, duration, and ending of diverse signal transduction events. A large group of switch proteins are Ca2+ sensors, which undergo conformational changes in response to oscillating intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. Here we use dynamic light scattering and a recently developed approach based on surface plasmon resonance to compare the protein dynamics of a diverse set of prototypical Ca2+‐binding proteins including calmodulin, troponin C, recoverin, and guanylate cyclase‐activating protein. Surface plasmon resonance biosensor technology allows monitoring conformational changes under molecular crowding conditions, yielding for each Ca2+‐sensor protein a fingerprint profile that reflects different hydrodynamic properties under changing Ca2+ conditions and is extremely sensitive to even fine alterations induced by point mutations. We see, for example, a correlation between surface plasmon resonance, dynamic light scattering, and size‐exclusion chromatography data. Thus, changes in protein conformation correlate not only with the hydrodynamic size, but also with a rearrangement of the protein hydration shell and a change of the dielectric constant of water or of the protein–water interface. Our study provides insight into how rather small signaling proteins that have very similar three‐dimensional folding patterns differ in their Ca2+‐occupied functional state under crowding conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Identification of the Chromophore in the Apatite Pigment [Sr10(PO4)6 (CuOH1‐x‐y)2]: Linear OCuO‐ Featuring a Resonance Raman Effect, an Extreme Magnetic Anisotropy, and Slow Spin Relaxation.
Authors: Kazin Pavel E. , Zykin Mikhail A. , Zubavichus Yan V. , Magdysyuk Oxana V. , Dinnebier Robert E. , Jansen Martin 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe copper‐doped apatite pigments [Sr10(PO4)6 (CuOH1‐x‐y)2] (x = 0.1, 0.3; y = 0.01—0.42) are characterized by powder XRD, XANES, EXAFS, magnetic measurements, Raman, and UV/VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantio‐ and Regioselective CuH‐Catalyzed Hydroamination of Alkenes.
Authors: Zhu Shaolin , Niljianskul Nootaree , Buchwald Stephen L. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA mild method for the synthesis of chiral tertiary amines using an asymmetric copper‐catalyzed hydroamination is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Photocatalysis by 3,6‐Disubstituted‐s‐tetrazine: Visible‐Light Driven Metal‐Free Green Synthesis of 2‐Substituted Benzimidazole and Benzothiazole.
Authors: Samanta Suvendu , Das Sudipto , Biswas Papu 
Published: March 2014

Abstract3,6‐Di(pyridin‐2‐yl)‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazine exhibits effective visible light absorption and reversible one‐electron reduction behavior.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of Tertiary Amides and Dihydrogen by Dehydrogenative Coupling of Primary Alcohols with Secondary Amines Catalyzed by Ruthenium Bipyridine‐Based Pincer Complexes.
Authors: Srimani Dipankar , Balaraman Ekambaram , Hu Peng , Ben‐David Yehoshoa , Milstein David 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe direct amidation of primary alcohols with challenging secondary amines is achieved in the presence of small amounts of Ru‐catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: A Concise Cross‐Metathesis Route to Enantiopure 1‐Azaspirocycles.
Authors: Wang Zhen James , Spiccia Nicolas Daniel , Gartshore Christopher James , Illesinghe Jayamini , Jackson William Roy , Robinson Andrea Jane 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe title reaction leading to synthetically valuable spirocyclic products in high yields is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed ortho‐Arylation of Benzylic Phosphonic Monoesters Using Potassium Aryltrifluoroborates.
Authors: Meng Xiangjian , Kim Sunggak 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe methylene monophosphonic acid is found to be an effective directing group which allows clean and direct ortho‐arylation of several arenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Epoxidation with H2O2 by Manipulating the Electronic Properties of Non‐Heme Iron Catalysts.
Authors: Cusso Olaf , Garcia‐Bosch Isaac , Ribas Xavi , Lloret‐Fillol Julio , Costas Miquel 
Published: March 2014

AbstractElectronic effects in the iron catalyst are used to control the activation of hydrogen peroxide and oxygen transfer in a non‐porphyrinic catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Catalyzed C—C Bond Formation with Carbon Dioxide: Significant Synthesis of Dihydroisobenzofurans.
Authors: Sekine Kohei , Takayanagi Ayano , Kikuchi Satoshi , Yamada Tohru 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe C—C bond forming reaction of o‐alkynylacetophenone derivatives and CO2 to afford dihydroisobenzofurans such as (IV), (VI), and (VIII)/(IX) via selective 5‐exo‐dig cyclization is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Synthesis of 3,3‐Disubstituted Oxindoles via 1,2‐Alkylarylation of Activated Alkenes with Alcohols.
Authors: Zhou Zhao‐Zhao , Hua Hui‐Liang , Luo Jian‐Yi , Chen Zi‐Sheng , Zhou Ping‐Xin , Liu Xue‐Yuan , Liang Yong‐Min 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA great variety of title compounds are economically and efficiently synthesized by a metal‐free strategy through an oxidative radical cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Mannich Reactions of Imidazo[2,1‐b]thiazole‐derived Nucleophiles with (Ss)‐N‐tert‐Butanesulfinyl (3,3,3)‐Trifluoroacetaldimine.
Authors: Mei Haibo , Xie Chen , Wu Lingmin , Soloshonok Vadim A. , Han Jianlin , Pan Yi 
Published: March 2014

AbstractIn the title reaction, the N‐tert‐butylsulfinyl group serves not only as an efficient chiral auxiliary, but also as an amine protecting group.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of α‐Ketotriazoles and α,β‐Diketotriazoles as Inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Authors: Lherbet Christian , et al. et al. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractNew α,β‐diketotriazoles (IIIb,c) exhibit interesting antituberculosis activities and no apparent cytotoxicity towards colorectal cancer HCT116 and normal fibroblast GM637H human cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of 1,4,5‐Trisubstituted 5‐Acyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles by Selective Acylation Between Copper(I)‐Carbon(sp) and Copper(I)‐Carbon(sp2) Bonds with Acyl Chlorides.
Authors: Wang Bo , Liu Nan , Shao Changwei , Zhang Qun , Wang Xinyan , Hu Yuefei 
Published: March 2014

AbstractAn efficient and operationally simple one‐pot procedure is developed for the synthesis of a wide range of triazoles through cycloaddition of copper(I)‐alkynes with azides and subsequent acylation.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and anti‐Parasitic Activity of a Novel Quinolinone—Chalcone Series.
Authors: Roussaki Marina , Hall Belinda , Costa Lima Sofia , Cordeiro da Silva Anabela , Wilkinson Shane , Detsi Anastasia 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA series of novel quinolinone‐chalcone hybrids (III) (14 examples) and pyrazole analogues such as (V) are designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antiparasitic activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Dynamic Kinetic Cross‐Coupling Strategy for the Asymmetric Synthesis of Axially Chiral Heterobiaryls.
Authors: Ros Abel , Estepa Beatriz , Ramirez‐Lopez Pedro , Alvarez Eleuterio , Fernandez Rosario , Lassaletta Jose M. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe deracemization of configurationally stable 2‐arylpyridines (I) and analogues with aryl boroxines (II) is achieved by applying a dynamic kinetic asymmetric cross‐coupling strategy.
ChemInform Abstract: New Di(hetero)arylethers and Di(hetero)arylamines in the Thieno[3,2‐b]pyridine Series: Synthesis, Growth Inhibitory Activity on Human Tumor Cell Lines and Non‐tumor Cells, Effects on Cell Cycle and on Programmed Cell Death.
Authors: Queiroz Maria‐Joao R. P. , et al. et al. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractNew compounds (IIIc), (Vb), and (Vc) show the strongest growth inhibitory activities on human tumor cell lines and cause pronounced alterations in the cell cycle profile of NCI‐H460 cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine‐Catalyzed Formal Vinylogous Aldol Reaction of γ‐Methyl Allenoates with Aldehydes: Easy Access to 1,3‐Dioxanes and Dienols.
Authors: Qin Zifeng , Ma Renqin , Xu Silong , He Zhengjie 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe reaction of γ‐methyl allenoates is investigated in the presence of different triarylphosphines as catalysts delivering chemo‐ and stereoselective formation of 1,3‐dioxanes or 6‐hydroxy‐2,4‐dienoates.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Dihydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ones; Synthesis, in vitro Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities of Novel Coumarin Substituted Dihydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Puttaraju Kallimeledoddi B. , Shivashankar Kalegowda , Chandra Chandra , Mahendra M. , Rasal Vijaykumar P. , Vivek Ponnuru N. Venkata , Rai Khushboo , Chanu Maibam Beebina 
Published: March 2014

AbstractMost of the synthesized title compounds (V) (8 examples) exhibit good antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Alkenylation and Alkynylation of Thioglycosides.
Authors: Brachet Etienne , Brion Jean‐Daniel , Alami Mouad , Messaoudi Samir 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA method to prepare thioglycoside derivatives is developed using Pd‐catalyzed glycosylation of thioglycosides with alkenyl and alkynyl halides.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthetic Preparation of Naturally‐Occurring Aromatase Inhibitors, Morachalcone A (Ia), Isogemichalcone B (Ib), and Isogemichalcone C (Ic).
Authors: Brandt Drew R. , Pannone Kristina M. , Romano Joseph J. , Casillas Eduard G. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractTitle compounds (I) are synthesized in up to 10 steps in 4 to 8% overall yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Dehydrogenative Functionalization of C(sp2)—H Bonds
Authors: Wu Yinuo , Wang Jun , Mao Fei , Kwong Fuk Yee 
Published: March 2014

AbstractReview: recent advances with a focus on the period from 2011 to early 2013; 96 refs.
Liquid Chromatographic Resolution of Mexiletine and Its Analogs on Crown Ether‐Based Chiral Stationary Phases
Authors: Jin Kab Bong , Kim Hee Eun , Hyun Myung Ho 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTMexiletine, an effective class IB antiarrhythmic agent, and its analogs were resolved on three different crown ether‐based chiral stationary phases (CSPs), one (CSP 1) of which is based on (+)‐(18‐crown‐6)‐2,3,11,12‐tetracarboxylic acid and the other two (CSP 2 and CSP 3) are based on (3,3’‐diphenyl‐1,1’‐binaphthyl)‐20‐crown‐6. Mexiletine was resolved with a resolution (RS) of greater than 1.00 on CSP 1 and CSP 3 containing residual silanol group‐protecting n‐octyl groups on the silica surface, but with a resolution (RS) of less than 1.00 on CSP 2. The chromatographic behaviors for the resolution of mexiletine analogs containing a substituted phenyl group at the chiral center on the three CSPs were quite dependent on the phenoxy group of analytes. Namely, mexiletine analogs containing 2,6‐dimethylphenoxy, 3,4‐dimethylphenoxy, 3‐methylphenoxy, 4‐methylphenoxy, and a simple phenoxy group were resolved very well on the three CSPs even though the chiral recognition efficiencies vary with the CSPs. However, mexiletine analogs containing 2‐methylphenoxy group were not resolved at all or only slightly resolved. Among the three CSPs, CSP 3 was found to show the highest chiral recognition efficiencies for the resolution of mexiletine and its analogs, especially in terms of resolution (RS). Chirality 26:272–278, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Game design for bioinformatics and cyberinfrastructure learning: a parallel computing case study
Authors: Perry Daniel , Robinson John , Cruz Stephanie , Aragon Cecilia , Chowning Jeanne Ting , Peters Mette 
Published: March 2014

SUMMARYAs a growing number of serious games have been developed for biology and computer science learning, few address the communication and technical challenges that arise in cyberinfrastructure (CI) intensive projects, where multiple‐domain scientists collaborate. This paper describes empirical data collected during a year‐long human‐centered game design process, in which design ideas generated by high‐school students were bridged with bioinformatics and parallel computing learning concepts. Our research shows that ‘fun’ and engaging game elements are actually well suited for addressing the sociotechnical aspects of CI projects. We provide a human‐centered game design methodology, as well as a case study, in which this methodology is applied to the design of parallel computing‐focused mini‐games. This research has implications for integrating large‐scale computing concepts such as shared resources and services into gaming experiences. It also has implications for supporting learning through enjoyable and fun experiences as part of a larger CI collaborative environment. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modelling the effect of Pliocene–Quaternary changes in sea level on stable and tectonically active land masses
Authors: Trenhaile Alan 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTA mathematical model was used to examine the effect of Pliocene and Quaternary changes in sea level on the development of tectonically active and inactive rock coasts. The model calculated rates of mechanical wave erosion according to such factors as the deep water wave regime, bottom topography and surface roughness, and the resistance of the rocks. Subaerial terraces were truncated or eliminated by subsequent terrace formation at lower elevations, especially on steeply sloping landmasses experiencing slow rates of uplift. Submarine terraces formed during glacial stillstands were best preserved when rapid subsidence quickly carried them below the level of wave action. On slowly subsiding landmasses, submarine terraces formed during interglacials and glacial periods experienced repeated erosional modification during subsequent periods of rising and falling sea level and were generally less distinctive. On rapidly rising or subsiding (>5 mm yr‐1) landmasses, terraces that formed during interglacial stages alternated, above and below present sea level, with terraces formed during glacial stages. Despite some differences in terrace occurrence and elevational distribution, it may be difficult to distinguish profiles cut during accelerating or decelerating uplift. The amount of erosion during sea level oscillations increases with oscillation amplitude and the larger oscillations in the middle to late Quaternary were therefore more conducive to erosion than the smaller oscillations of the Pliocene and early Quaternary. The effect of oscillation amplitude may have been countered during the earlier stages of profile development, however, by steeper submarine gradients and reduced rates of wave attenuation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multiple Case Study Methods and Findings
Authors: Cousins J. Bradley , Bourgeois Isabelle 
Published: March 2014

AbstractResearch on organizational evaluation capacity building (ECB) has focused very much on the capacity to do evaluation, neglecting organizational demand for evaluation and the capacity to use it. This qualitative multiple case study comprises a systematic examination of organizational capacity within eight distinct organizations guided by a common conceptual framework. Described in this chapter are the rationale and methods for the study and then the sequential presentation of findings for each of the eight case organizations. Data collection and analyses for these studies occurred six years ago; findings are cross‐sectional and do not reflect changes in organizations or their capacity for evaluation since that time. The format for presenting the findings was standardized so as to foster cross‐case analyses, the focus for the next and final chapter of this volume.
THE EFFECT OF NONCOGNITIVE TRAITS ON HEALTH BEHAVIOURS IN ADOLESCENCE
Authors: Mendolia Silvia , Walker Ian 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the relationship between personality traits and health behaviours in adolescence using a large and recent cohort study. In particular, we investigate the impact of locus of control, self‐esteem and work ethics at ages 15–16 years on the incidence of health behaviours such as alcohol consumption, cannabis and other drug use, unprotected and early sexual activity and sports and physical activity. We use matching methods to control for a very rich set of adolescent and family characteristics, and we find that personality traits do affect health behaviours. In particular, individuals with external locus of control, low self‐esteem or with low levels of work ethics seem more likely in engage in risky health behaviours. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.