bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Covalently Linked Zn Phthalocyanine‐Zn Porphyrin Dyad for Dye‐sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Yamamoto Satoshi , Mori Shogo , Wagner Pawel , Mozer Attila J. , Kimura Mutsumi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA novel Zn phthalocyanine‐Zn porphyrin (ZnPc‐ZnPor) dyad (1), in which a zinc porphyrin moiety is linked covalently with an ABAB‐type zinc phthalocyanine moiety, has been designed and synthesized. The ZnPc‐ZnPor dyad 1 can absorb over a wide spectral range of visible light. The fluorescence spectrum of dyad 1 revealed an intramolecular efficient energy transfer from Zn porphyrin to Zn phthalocyanine. When dyad 1 was used as a light‐harvesting sensitizer for dye‐sensitized solar cells, the cell sensitized by dyad 1 provided a power conversion efficiency of 2.7 % under simulated air mass 1.5 global sunlight. The incident photon‐to‐current efficiency spectrum of the dyad 1 cell suggested the contribution of both components in dyad 1 for the current generation.
Coenzyme Q10 consumption promotes ABCG1‐mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, cross‐over study in healthy volunteers
Authors: Yan Xiao , Shen Tianran , Jiang Xinwei , Tang Xilan , Wang Dongliang , Li Huihua , Ling Wenhua 
Published: June 2015

ScopeWe have recently shown that coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) enhances macrophage reverse cholesterol transport via activator protein‐1/miRNA‐378/ABCG1 signal pathway in vivo and in vitro. Whether CoQ10 exerts similar beneficial effects in human is currently unknown. The present study evaluated the effect of CoQ10 on ABCG1‐mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux in 20 healthy volunteers.Methods and resultsParticipants were given 100 mg CoQ10 twice daily or placebo for 1 week with a 1‐week washout period. Human monocyte‐derived macrophages (MDMs) were differentiated under pooled sera obtained before (preCoQ10) or after CoQ10 (postCoQ10) consumption. The CoQ10‐induced inhibition of MDMs foam cell formation was blocked by ABCG1 silencing in postCoQ10 MDMs incubated with postCoQ10 sera compared to preCoQ10 sera. The cholesterol efflux to HDL, and mRNA as well as protein expressions of ATP‐binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) were augmented in postCoQ10 MDMs incubated with postCoQ10 sera compared to preCoQ10 sera. The change in the serum CoQ10 concentration positively correlated with cholesterol efflux to HDL and ABCG1 mRNA level in the CoQ10 group. MDMs treated with purified CoQ10 had an enhanced cholesterol efflux to HDL.ConclusionCoQ10 consumption may have an atheroprotective property by inducing ABCG1 expression and enhancing HDL‐mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux in healthy individuals.
Parallel reconstruction in accelerated multivoxel MR spectroscopy
Authors: Boer V. O. , Klomp D. W. J. , Laterra J. , Barker P. B. 
Published: June 2015

PurposeTo develop the simultaneous acquisition of multiple voxels in localized MR spectroscopy (MRS) using sensitivity encoding, allowing reduced total scan time compared to conventional sequential single voxel (SV) acquisition methods.MethodsDual volume localization was used to simultaneously excite voxels in both hemispheres. Receiver coil sensitivity profiles were used to unfold the data. To demonstrate the method, MRS voxels in the left and right hippocampus were measured at 3 tesla (T) and the left and right motor cortices at 7T. Spectra were compared to conventional SV acquisitions. Spectra were also recorded from the lesion and contralateral hemisphere of a patient with a low‐grade oligodendroglioma at 7T.ResultsIt was possible to generate signal in two voxels simultaneously and separate the signal originating from the different locations, with spectral results almost identical to those observed using conventional single voxel methods. The method results in an increased chemical shift displacement artifact, which might be improved by advanced pulse designs, and a noise increase due to the unfolding g‐factor, which was larger at 3T than 7T.ConclusionThe simultaneous acquisition of voxels for MRS is possible by using modulated slice‐selective pulses and receive coil sensitivity profiles to unfold the resulting signals. Magn Reson Med 74:599–606, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effects on caregivers of cancer patients' needs and family hardiness
Authors: Jeong Ansuk , Shin Dong Wook , Kim So. Young , Yang Hyung Kook , Shin Joo Yeon , Park Keeho , An Ji Yeong , Park Jong‐Hyock 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjectivesFamily caregivers of cancer patients are anticipated to serve multiple roles but the factors that influence their reaction to caregiving have not gotten much attention. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of cancer patient's needs level and the family hardiness on the caregivers' reaction.MethodsA national survey was conducted through regional branches of the National Cancer Center of South Korea, yielding 990 patient–caregiver dyads. Patients and caregivers provided self‐report questionnaires. Patient's medical records complemented the self‐report survey data.ResultsOn all five domains of caregiver reaction, which were schedule, esteem, support, health, and finance, family hardiness was a significant predictor. Male, older, low‐income caregivers reported more burden in caregiving with some. The interaction effect of patient's needs and family hardiness was found only on esteem.ConclusionsThe implications based on the findings are discussed in terms of the psycho‐oncological and psycho‐social interventions for the cancer patients and their family caregivers. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recent Advances of Cobalt(II/III) Redox Couples for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cell Applications
Authors: Giribabu Lingamallu , Bolligarla Ramababu , Panigrahi Mallika 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn recent years dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have emerged as one of the alternatives for the global energy crisis. DSSCs have achieved a certified efficiency of >11% by using the I−/I3− redox couple. In order to commercialize the technology almost all components of the device have to be improved. Among the various components of DSSCs, the redox couple that regenerates the oxidized sensitizer plays a crucial role in achieving high efficiency and durability of the cell. However, the I−/I3− redox couple has certain limitations such as the absorption of triiodide up to 430 nm and the volatile nature of iodine, which also corrodes the silver‐based current collectors. These limitations are obstructing the commercialization of this technology. For this reason, one has to identify alternative redox couples. In this regard, the Co(II/III) redox couple is found to be the best alternative to the existing I−/I3− redox couple. Recently, DSSC test cell efficiency has risen up to 13% by using the cobalt redox couple. This review emphasizes the recent development of Co(II/III) redox couples for DSSC applications.
Induction of Antioxidant and Heat Shock Protein Responses During Torpor in the Gray Mouse Lemur, Microcebus Murinus
Authors: Wu Cheng-Wei , Biggar Kyle K. , Zhang Jing , Tessier Shannon N. , Pifferi Fabien , Perret Martine , Storey Kenneth B. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
A natural tolerance of various environmental stresses is typically supported by various cytoprotective mechanisms that protect macromolecules and promote extended viability. Among these are antioxidant defenses that help to limit damage from reactive oxygen species and chaperones that help to minimize protein misfolding or unfolding under stress conditions. To understand the molecular mechanisms that act to protect cells during primate torpor, the present study characterizes antioxidant and heat shock protein (HSP) responses in various organs of control (aroused) and torpid gray mouse lemurs, Microcebus murinus. Protein expression of HSP70 and HSP90α was elevated to 1.26 and 1.49 fold, respectively, in brown adipose tissue during torpor as compared with control animals, whereas HSP60 in liver of torpid animals was 1.15 fold of that in control (P  &lt; 0.05). Among antioxidant enzymes, protein levels of thioredoxin 1 were elevated to 2.19 fold in white adipose tissue during torpor, whereas Cu–Zn superoxide dismutase 1 levels rose to 1.1 fold in skeletal muscle (P  &lt; 0.05). Additionally, total antioxidant capacity was increased to 1.6 fold in liver during torpor (P  &lt; 0.05), while remaining unchanged in the five other tissues. Overall, our data suggest that antioxidant and HSP responses are modified in a tissue-specific manner during daily torpor in gray mouse lemurs. Furthermore, our data also show that cytoprotective strategies employed during primate torpor are distinct from the strategies in rodent hibernation as reported in previous studies.
Cytokine and Antioxidant Regulation in the Intestine of the Gray Mouse Lemur (Microcebus Murinus) During Torpor
Authors: Tessier Shannon N. , Katzenback Barbara A. , Pifferi Fabien , Perret Martine , Storey Kenneth B. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
During food shortages, the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) of Madagascar experiences daily torpor thereby reducing energy expenditures. The present study aimed to understand the impacts of torpor on the immune system and antioxidant response in the gut of these animals. This interaction may be of critical importance given the trade-off between the energetically costly immune response and the need to defend against pathogen entry during hypometabolism. The protein levels of cytokines and antioxidants were measured in the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) and large intestine of aroused and torpid lemurs. While there was a significant decrease of some pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) in the duodenum and jejunum during torpor as compared to aroused animals, there was no change in anti-inflammatory cytokines. We observed decreased levels of cytokines (IL-12p70 and M-CSF), and several chemokines (MCP-1 and MIP-2) but an increase in MIP-1α in the jejunum of the torpid animals. In addition, we evaluated antioxidant response by examining the protein levels of antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant capacity provided by metabolites such as glutathione (and others). Our results indicated that levels of antioxidant enzymes did not change between torpor and aroused states, although antioxidant capacity was significantly higher in the ileum during torpor. These data suggest a suppression of the immune response, likely as an energy conservation measure, and a limited role of antioxidant defenses in supporting torpor in lemur intestine.
Using baseline cognitive severity for enriching Alzheimer's disease clinical trials: How does Mini‐Mental State Examination predict rate of change?
Authors: Kennedy Richard E. , Cutter Gary R. , Wang Guoqiao , Schneider Lon S. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundPost hoc analyses from clinical trials in Alzheimer's disease (AD) suggest that more cognitively impaired participants respond differently from less impaired on cognitive outcomes. We examined pooled clinical trials data to assess the utility of enriching trials using baseline cognition.MethodsWe included 2882 participants with mild to moderate AD in seven studies from a meta‐database. We used mixed effects models to estimate the rate of decline in Alzheimer's disease Assessment Scale‐cognitive (ADAS‐Cog) scores among Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) groups.FindingsBaseline MMSE category was associated with baseline scores and rate of decline on the ADAS‐Cog, adjusting for age and education (both P < .001). Greater baseline cognitive impairment was associated with more rapid progression.InterpretationsAlthough we found significant differences in rate of decline, most differences between individuals were from baseline ADAS‐Cog values. Since enrichment based on MMSE would reduce the recruitment pool while adding only slightly to detecting differences in rate of progression, it is not advised.
Body brain life: A randomized controlled trial of an online dementia risk reduction intervention in middle‐aged adults at risk of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Anstey Kaarin J. , Bahar‐Fuchs Alex , Herath Pushpani , Kim Sarang , Burns Richard , Rebok George W. , Cherbuin Nicolas 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the efficacy of body brain life (BBL), a 12‐week online dementia risk reduction intervention.MethodsBBL was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial in 176 middle‐aged adults with >2 risk factors and <2 protective factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) assessed on a brief screening instrument. Participants were randomized to BBL, BBL plus face‐to‐face group sessions (BBL + FF) or active control (control). Score on the Australian National University‐Alzheimer's disease risk index (ANU‐ADRI), a validated index of AD risk, was the primary outcome measure assessed at baseline, 12, and 26 weeks.ResultsA group by time interaction at 26 weeks showed a significant reduction in ANU‐ADRI score for BBL compared with control. Planned contrasts showed the BBL and BBL + FF groups had improvement in ANU‐ADRI scores at 12 weeks (BBL + FF: z = −0.25; P = .021; BBL: z = −0.25; P = .008) and 26 weeks (BBL + FF: z = −0.48; P < .001; BBL: z = −0.28; P = .004) due to increase in protective factors.ConclusionsThis short intervention resulted in dementia risk reduction. Online dementia risk reduction interventions show promise for reducing the overall dementia risk in middle‐aged adults with multiple risk factors.Clinical Trial Registration: The study is registered under Trial Registration: Reg. # ACTRN12612000147886.
AEOLIC AND ITALIAN AT HORACE, ODES 3.30.13–14
Authors: Kovacs David 
Published: June 2015

dicar, qua uiolens obstrepit Aufiduset qua pauper aquae Daunus agrestiumregnauit populorum ex humili potensprinceps Aeolium carmen ad Italos 13deduxisse modos.
Surely there is something puzzling about 13–14? What Horace was the first to do was to write Latin poetry using the metrical schemes of the Greek lyricists, principally Alcaeus and Sappho, who wrote in the Aeolic dialect of Lesbos. There can be no reasonable doubt that Aeolium carmen refers in the first instance to Horace's adoption of Aeolic metre. For deduxisse there are two possibilities, and conceivably Horace meant both to operate. The first involves motion, bringing something or someone home or into port (for example, captives in triumph to Rome or a colonizing expedition to its destination in a foreign land). So Horace took Greek metres and moved them in one way or another to Italy. Secondarily deducere might mean ‘to produce (by spinning)’, a usage found at Sat. 2.1.2-4 similisque meorum mille die uersus deduci posse.
Changes in cocaine consumption are associated with fluctuations in self-reported impulsivity and gambling decision-making
Authors: Hulka L. M. , Vonmoos M. , Preller K. H. , Baumgartner M. R. , Seifritz E. , Gamma A. , Quednow B. B. 
Published: June 2015

Background.In cross-sectional studies, cocaine users generally display elevated levels of self-reported and cognitive impulsivity. To what extent these impairments are stablev.variable markers of cocaine use disorder, and, thus, are pre-existing or drug-induced, has not yet been systematically investigated.Method.We conducted a longitudinal study with cocaine users who changed or maintained their consumption intensity, measuring self-reported impulsivity with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), and cognitive impulsivity with the Rapid Visual Processing task (RVP), Iowa Gambling task (IGT), and Delay Discounting task (DD) at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. We assessed 48 psychostimulant-naive controls and 19 cocaine users with decreased, 19 users with increased, and 19 users with unchanged cocaine intake after 1 year as confirmed by hair analysis.Results.Results of linear multilevel modelling showed significant group × time interactions for the BIS-11 total score and the IGT total card ratio.Increasersshowed a trend for elevated scores, whereasdecreasersexhibited reduced self-reported impulsivity scores within 1 year. Surprisingly,increasers’ IGT performance was improved after 1 year, whereasdecreasers’ performance deteriorated. By contrast, neither RVP response bias B″ nor DD total score showed substantial group × time interactions. Importantly, BIS-11 and DD revealed strong test–retest reliabilities.Conclusion.Self-reported impulsivity (BIS-11) and decision-making impulsivity (IGT) covary with changing cocaine use, whereas response bias and delay discounting remain largely unaffected. Thus, self-reported impulsivity and gambling decision-making were strongly state-dependent in a stimulant-using population and may be suitable to monitor treatment success, whereas delay of gratification was confirmed as a potential endophenotype of stimulant addiction.
Task-space dynamics and motion/force control of fixed-base manipulators under reaction null-space-based redundancy resolution
Authors: Nenchev Dragomir , Okawa Ryohei , Sone Hiroki 
Published: June 2015

SUMMARYThis paper introduces a task-space dynamics formulation for fixed-base serial-link kinematically redundant manipulators and a motion/force controller based on it. The aim is to alleviate joint-space instability problems that have been observed with other motion/force controllers. The dynamics are represented in floating-base coordinates, wherein the end effector is regarded as the floating base. This representation gives rise to a momentum-conserving redundancy resolution scheme based on the reaction null-space (RNS) method used in past studies on free-floating and flexible-base space robots. A generalized inverse is obtained that is shown to satisfy the conditions for dynamic consistency in the sense of the operational space (OS) formulation, but may lead to the joint-space instabilities observed earlier. The proposed controller is based on the pseudoinverse of the coupling inertia matrix and ensures reactionless link motion that does not disturb the force balance at the end effector. The performance of the RNS motion/force controller is examined by comparison to that with an OS motion/force controller. It is shown that while the performance in task-space of both controllers is satisfactory, the joint-space performance of the proposed controller is superior.
Antioxidant-related gene polymorphisms associated with the cardio-ankle vascular index in young Russians
Authors: Sorokin Alexander V. , Kotani Kazuhiko , Bushueva Olga Y. , Polonikov Alexey V. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe cardio-ankle vascular index is a measure of arterial stiffness, whereas oxidative stress underlies arterial pathology. This study aimed to investigate the association between the cardio-ankle vascular index and antioxidant-related gene polymorphisms in young Russians. A total of 89 patients (mean age, 21.6 years) were examined by the cardio-ankle vascular index and for 15 gene polymorphisms related to antioxidant enzymes including FMO3 (flavin-containing monooxygenase 3), GPX1 (glutathione peroxidase 1), and GPX4 (glutathione peroxidase 4). A higher cardio-ankle vascular index level was detected in carriers with the KK-genotype of FMO3 polymorphism rs2266782 than in those without (mean levels: 6.2 versus 5.6, respectively, p<0.05). Similarly, a higher cardio-ankle vascular index level was seen in carriers with the CC-genotype of GPX4 polymorphism rs713041 than in those without (6.0 versus 5.5, respectively, p<0.05). We did not observe significant associations between the cardio-ankle vascular index levels and the other gene polymorphisms. Although carriers with the LL-genotype of GPX1 polymorphism rs1050450 showed a higher diastolic blood pressure level than those without, the polymorphism did not affect the cardio-ankle vascular index level. This study showed a significant association between rs2266782 and rs713041 polymorphisms and arterial stiffness, as measured by the cardio-ankle vascular index, in young Russians. The pathways utilised by antioxidant enzymes may be responsible for early arterial stiffening in the Russian population.
Executive function deficits in congenital heart disease: why is intervention important?
Authors: Calderon Johanna , Bellinger David C. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIt is widely recognised that children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at high risk for neurodevelopmental impairments including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder symptoms. Executive function impairments are one of the most prominent neurodevelopmental features associated with CHD. These deficits can have widespread debilitating repercussions in children’s neurocognitive, behavioural, and psycho-social development. There is a crucial gap in research regarding the efficacy of preventive or treatment strategies for these important cognitive morbidities. Executive functions are complex neurocognitive skills highly amenable to improvement. Evidence-based interventions have shown promising results in other paediatric populations, strongly suggesting that they might also benefit the growing population of children with CHD. In this review, we summarise the available data on executive function impairments in children and adolescents with CHD. We underline the important co-morbidity of executive dysfunction with other cognitive and psychiatric issues in CHD, which raises awareness of the crucial need to prevent or at least mitigate these deficits. Finally, we summarise future avenues for research in terms of interventions that may help reduce executive function impairments in youth with CHD.
Food and beverage cues in children’s television programmes: the influence of programme genre
Authors: Scully Paul , Reid Orlaith , Macken Alan , Healy Mark , Saunders Jean , Leddin Des , Cullen Walter , Dunne Colum , O’Gorman Clodagh S 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe link between childhood obesity and both television viewing and television advertising have previously been examined. We sought to investigate the frequency and type of food and beverage placements in children-specific television broadcasts and, in particular, differences between programme genres.MethodContent of five weekdays of children-specific television broadcasting on both UK (BBC) and Irish (RTE) television channels was summarized. Food and beverage placements were coded based on type of product, product placement, product use and characters involved. A comparison was made between different programme genres: animated, cartoon, child-specific, film, quiz, tween and young persons’ programming.ResultsA total of 1155 (BBC=450; RTE=705) cues were recorded giving a cue every 4·2 min, an average of 12·3 s/cue. The genre with most cues recorded was cartoon programming (30·8 %). For the majority of genres, cues related to sweet snacks (range 1·8–23·3 %) and sweets/candy (range 3·6–25·8 %) featured highly. Fast-food (18·0 %) and sugar-sweetened beverage (42·3 %) cues were observed in a high proportion of tween programming. Celebratory/social motivation factors (range 10–40 %) were most common across all genres while there were low proportions of cues based on reward, punishment or health-related motivating factors.ConclusionsThe study provides evidence for the prominence of energy-dense/nutrient-poor foods and beverages in children’s programming. Of particular interest is the high prevalence of fast-food and sugar-sweetened beverage cues associated with tween programming. These results further emphasize the need for programme makers to provide a healthier image of foods and beverages in children’s television.