bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Alcohol Problems: Self‐Medication or Trait Vulnerability?
Authors: Read Jennifer P. , Merrill Jennifer E. , Griffin Melissa J. , Bachrach Rachel L. , Khan Saba N. 
Published: June 2013

Background and ObjectivesPosttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSD) and problem alcohol use (ALC) commonly co‐occur, but the nature of this co‐occurrence is unclear. Self‐medication explanations have been forwarded, yet traits such as tendency toward negative emotionality and behavioral disconstraint also have been implicated. In this study we test three competing models (Self‐Medication, Trait Vulnerability, Combined Dual Pathway) of PTSD–ALC prospectively in a college sample.MethodParticipants (N = 659; 73% female, M age = 18) provided data at college matriculation (Time 1) and 1 year later (Time 2).ResultsStructural equation models showed disconstraint to meditate the path from PTSD symptoms to alcohol problems, supporting a trait vulnerability conceptualization. Findings regarding negative emotionality and self‐medication were more mixed. Negative emotionality played a stronger role in cross‐sectional than in prospective analyses, suggesting the importance of temporal proximity.Conclusions and Scientific SignificanceSelf‐regulation skills may be an important focus for clinicians treating PTSD symptoms and alcohol misuse disorders concurrently. (Am J Addict 2014;23:108–116)
Foley catheter insertion into a kidney
Authors: Lin Yi‐Li , Chen Chia‐Ying , Huang Yu‐Ya , Yan Yuan‐Horng 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTFemale urethral catheterization (UC) is a common procedure. Nurses need to be aware of the complications associated with catheterization to practice it safely and minimize the risks to the patient. The most common complications are trauma and infection. We report the case of a 62‐year‐old woman with an unusual complication of UC‐mimicking perforation. The catheter was blindly inserted into the renal pelvis.
The Synthesis of Ba‐ and Fe‐ Substituted CsAlSi2O6 Pollucites
Authors: Rodriguez Mark A. , Garino Terry J. , Rademacher David X. , Zhang Xiaoyi , Nenoff Tina M. 
Published: June 2013

Barium‐substituted CsAlSi2O6 pollucites, CsxBa(1−x)/2AlSi2O6, and barium‐ and iron‐substituted pollucites, CsxBa(1−x)/2AlxFe1−xSi2O6 and CsxBa1−xAlxFe1−xSi2O6 were synthesized with 1 ≥ x≥ 0.7 using a hydrothermal synthesis procedure. Rietveld analysis of X‐ray diffraction data confirmed the substitution of Ba for Cs and Fe for Al, respectively. The crystallographic analysis also describes the effects of three different types of pollucite substitutions on the pollucite unit cell: Ba2+ for Cs1+ cation results in little effect on cell dimensions, intermediate concentrations of Ba2+ and Fe3+ substitution result in net minor expansion due to Fe3+ addition, and large Ba and Fe substitutions result in overall framework contraction. Elemental analysis combined with microscopy further supports the phase purity of these new phases. These materials can be used to study the stability of CsAlSi2O6 as a durable ceramic waste form, which could accommodate with time Cs and its decay product, Ba. Furthermore, success in iron substitution for aluminum into the pollucite lattice predicts that redox charge compensation for Cs cation decay is possible.
High Conductivity Electrolyte: Zn2GeO4
Authors: Wu Songping , Ma Qing , He Fan 
Published: June 2013

Zn2GeO4 ceramic materials were synthesized by the solid‐state method. Zn2GeO4 powders were investigated with X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD) and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Oxygen defects in the Zn2GeO4 ceramics were investigated by photoluminescence, Raman, and EDS spectra. Conductivity of Zn2GeO4 was 0.18 S/cm at low temperature of 773 K, and its activation energy was 0.49 eV. The results showed that Zn2GeO4 was a promising low‐temperature electrolyte with high conductivity.
Association of Atrial Fibrosis Quantified Using LGE‐MRI with Atrial Appendage Thrombus and Spontaneous Contrast on Transesophageal Echocardiography in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Akoum Nazem , Fernandez Genaro , Wilson Brent , Mcgann Christopher , Kholmovski Eugene , Marrouche Nassir 
Published: June 2013

Atrial Fibrosis and Appendage ThrombusIntroductionTransesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is used to evaluate for left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombi prior to restoration of sinus rhythm in atrial fibrillation (AF). We examined the relationship of atrial fibrosis quantified using late gadolinium enhancement MRI (LGE‐MRI) with TEE findings.Methods and ResultsWe included 178 patients with AF, undergoing TEE and LGE‐MRI prior to ablation or cardioversion. LGE‐MRI and subsequent image processing was used to quantify atrial fibrosis based on signal intensity analysis. The mean CHADS2 score was 1.24 ± 1.08 and CHA2DS2‐VASc was 2.08 ± 1.33. The LAA was classified as normal, spontaneous echocardiographic contrast (SEC) present or thrombus present. LAA thrombus was found in 12 patients (6.7%) while SEC was identified in 19 patients (10.7%). Patients with thrombus had higher atrial fibrosis compared to patients without thrombus (26.9 ± 17.4% vs 16.7 ± 10.5%; P < 0.01). Atrial fibrosis was also higher in patients with SEC (23.3 ± 13.7%) compared to those without SEC (16.7 ± 10.8%; P = 0.01). Patients with high atrial fibrosis (>20%) were more likely to have a LAA thrombus (odds ratio 4.6; P = 0.02) and SEC (odds ratio 2.6; P = 0.06). Multivariate logistic regression showed high fibrosis (odds ratio 3.6; P < 0.01) and CHADS2 ≥2 (odds ratio 3.5; P < 0.01) were significant predictors of TEE abnormalities (LAA thrombus or SEC). The area under the curve for the model including high fibrosis, AF type and CHADS2 ≥2 or CHA2DS2‐VASc ≥2 was 0.73 compared to 0.63 and 0.65 for CHADS2 and CHA2DS2‐VASc alone.ConclusionsAtrial fibrosis is independently associated with appendage thrombus and spontaneous contrast. It provides additional risk stratification not captured by clinical parameters.
Spatiotemporal Evolution and Prediction of [Ca2+]i and APD Alternans in Isolated Rabbit Hearts
Authors: VISWESWARAN RAMJAY , McINTYRE STEPHEN D. , RAMKRISHNAN KARTIK , ZHAO XIAOPENG , TOLKACHEVA ELENA G. 
Published: June 2013

Prediction of Alternans in the HeartIntroductionAction potential duration (APD) alternans can be accompanied by alternans in intracellular calcium transients ([Ca2+]i), leading to electromechanical alternans. Electromechanical alternans is considered a substrate for ventricular fibrillation. Although some techniques have been developed to predict APD alternans, the onset of [Ca2+]i alternans has never been predicted.Methods and ResultsSimultaneous mapping of voltage and calcium was performed in 8 Langendorff‐perfused rabbit hearts. APD, [Ca2+]i amplitude (CaA) and duration (CaD) alternans were induced using a perturbed downsweep protocol. Local onset of alternans (Bonset) was defined as the cycle length (BCL) at which at least 10% of the RV exhibited alternans. We observed that the local onset of CaA alternans always occurred first, followed by APD and then CaD alternans. We constructed APD, CaD, and CaA restitution portraits for 2 regions of the heart defined at Bonset: the 1:1alt region, which developed alternans, and the 1:1 region, which did not. Our results also show that the slopes and SDyn were higher in 1:1alt region (SDyn = 0.99 ± 0.04 vs 0.73 ± 0.06; = 0.95 ± 0.13 vs 0.65 ± 0.1, P < 0.05) prior to onset of CaD alternans, while S12 and were significantly higher in the 1:1alt region (S12 = 0.59 ± 0.19 vs 0.19 ± 0.02; = 1.09 ± 0.1 vs 0.61 ± 0.08, P < 0.05) prior to onset of CaA alternans.ConclusionWe successfully applied the restitution portrait technique to the prediction of [Ca2+]i (both CaA and CaD) alternans. The slopes of the APD/CaD/CaA restitution portrait are definitive indicators of APD, CaD, and CaA alternans.
Fragmented QRS Complex Predicts the Arrhythmic Events in Patients with Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia
Authors: CANPOLAT UĞUR , KABAKÇI GIRAY , AYTEMIR KUDRET , DURAL MUHAMMET , ŞAHINER LEVENT , YORGUN HIKMET , SUNMAN HAMZA , BARIŞ KAYA ERGÜN , TOKGÖZOĞLU LALE , OTO ALI 
Published: June 2013

frQRS and Outcomes in ARVC/DBackgroundFragmented QRS (frQRS) complex, with various morphology, has been recently described as a diagnostic criterion of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D). However, there are little data regarding the prognostic role of frQRS in these patients. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association of frQRS with arrhythmic events in patients with ARVC/D.MethodsSeventy‐eight patients (51 men, 65.4%; mean age: 31.25 ± 11.5 years) with the diagnosis of ARVC/D according to 2010 modified Task Force Criteria were analyzed retrospectively. Baseline ECG evaluation revealed frQRS complex in 46 patients (59%). Eleven patients with complete/incomplete right bundle branch block were excluded from the study. The phenomenon of frQRS was defined as deflections at the beginning of the QRS complex, on top of the R‐wave, or in the nadir of the S‐wave similar to the definition in CAD in either one right precordial lead or in more than one lead including all standard ECG leads.ResultsDuring 38 ± 14 months follow‐up period, 3 patients (3.8%) died suddenly, 36 patients (46.1%) experienced arrhythmic events (32 ventricular tachycardias [VTs] and 4 ventricular fibrillation [VF], 30 in the ICD group). The frQRS was significantly associated with arrhythmic events (P < 0.001). Also, the number of ECG leads with frQRS complex was higher in patients with arrhythmic events (5.08 ± 2.5 vs 1.14 ± 1.7, P < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionThe frQRS complex on standard 12‐lead ECG predicts fatal and nonfatal arrhythmic events in patients with ARVC/D. Therefore, large scale and prospective studies are needed to confirm those findings.
Long‐Term Follow‐Up of Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Hypertensive Patients Following Randomization to Pravastatin vs Usual Care: The Antihypertensive and Lipid‐Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT‐LLT)
Authors: Margolis Karen L. , Davis Barry R. , Baimbridge Charles , Ciocon Jerry O. , Cuyjet Aloysius B. , Dart Richard A. , Einhorn Paula T. , Ford Charles E. , Gordon David , Hartney Thomas J , Julian Haywood L. , Holtzman Jordan , Mathis David E. , Oparil Suzanne , Probstfield Jeffrey L. , Simpson Lara M. , Stokes John D. , Wiegmann Thomas B. , Williamson Jeff D. ,   ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group
Published: June 2013

The authors conducted a randomized, controlled, multicenter trial, in which they assigned well‐controlled hypertensive participants aged 55 years and older with moderate hypercholesterolemia to receive pravastatin (n=5170) or usual care (n=5185) for 4 to 8 years, when trial therapy was discontinued. Passive surveillance using national databases to ascertain deaths and hospitalizations continued for a total follow‐up of 8 to 13 years to assess whether mortality and morbidity differences persisted or new differences developed. During the post‐trial period, fatal and nonfatal outcomes were available for 98% and 64% of participants, respectively. The primary outcome was all‐cause mortality and the secondary outcomes included cardiovascular mortality, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, heart failure, cardiovascular disease, and end‐stage renal disease. No significant differences appeared in mortality for pravastatin vs usual care (hazard ratio [HR], 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89–1.03) or other secondary outcomes. Similar to the previously reported in‐trial result, there was a significant treatment effect for CHD in black patients (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.64–0.98). However, the in‐trial result showing a significant treatment by race effect did not remain significant during the entire follow‐up (P=.08). These findings are consistent with evidence from other large trials that show statins prevent CHD and add evidence that they are effective for CHD prevention in black patients.
Counteracting Effect of Supine Leg Resistance Exercise on Systolic Orthostatic Hypotension in Older Adults
Authors: Galizia Gianluigi , Abete Pasquale , Testa Gianluca , Vecchio Anna , Corrà Tjibbo , Nardone Antonio 
Published: June 2013

ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy of a leg exercise performed in supine position to prevent orthostatic hypotension (OH) in older adults.DesignCase–control study.SettingDivision of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, Scientific Institute of Veruno, Veruno, Italy.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 65 and older admitted with degenerative joint disease screened (n = 90) and found positive for OH (n = 42).MeasurementsSystolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) were recorded using an automatic oscillometric device in the supine position after 10 minutes of bed rest; immediately upon standing up; and after 1, 3 and 5 minutes standing. In 42 participants, a fall in SBP of 20 mmHg or more within 3 minutes of standing was found. Participants with OH were alternately assigned to the control or exercise group. The following day, both groups were reassessed as above. In the exercise group, before standing up, participants were required to perform 10 full extensions of the lower limbs, starting from 60° flexion of hip and 90° flexion of knee and ankle joints, against the resistance of an elastic band.ResultsIn both participant groups, SBP, DBP, and HR were similar in the supine position. When standing, the same decrease in SBP and DBP and increase in HR occurred over a similar time‐course in both participant groups. The next day, the reduction in SBP was significantly smaller at each time interval after standing up in the exercise than in the control group, but no difference between the exercise and control groups was observed in DBP or HR.ConclusionSupine leg exercise is effective in reducing an initial fall in SBP when passing from a supine to an upright position in older adults. The duration of the effect requires further investigation.
Challenges associated with delivering education to patients after heart surgery
Authors: Fredericks Suzanne , Bechtold Aaron 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAimThe aim of this report is to provide a detailed description of the challenges that arose throughout the implementation of an individualized patient education intervention delivered to patients during their home recovery following heart surgery.MethodsThe intervention was delivered at two points in time by telephone to patients following heart bypass and/or valvular replacement.ResultsThe individualized patient education intervention was found to be effective in reducing the rate and number of complications developed during the first three months following hospital discharge. However, throughout the implementation of this intervention, specific challenges arose that included: onset of symptoms that interfered with intervention delivery, patient's request for information beyond the scope of the teaching interaction, and the need to provide continued support to the therapist.ConclusionThese challenges were addressed throughout the course of the study and the strategies are currently being implemented into the planned knowledge translation activities associated with this intervention.
Identification of coronin‐1a as a novel antibody target for clinically isolated syndrome and multiple sclerosis
Authors: Rouwette Myrthe , Noben Jean‐Paul , Van Horssen Jack , Van Wijmeersch Bart , Hupperts Raymond , Jongen Peter J. , Verbeek Marcel M. , De Deyn Peter P. , Stinissen Piet , Somers Veerle 
Published: June 2013

AbstractRecently, we identified the mimotope UH‐CIS6 as a novel candidate antibody target for clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and relapsing‐remitting (RR) multiple sclerosis (MS). The purpose of this study was to further validate UH‐CIS6 as an antibody target for CIS and MS and to identify the in vivo antibody target of UH‐CIS6. First, a UH‐CIS6 peptide ELISA was optimized. Next, we investigated the antibody response toward UH‐CIS6 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with CIS (n = 20), MS (n = 43) and other neurological diseases (n = 42). Immunoprecipitation of anti‐UH‐CIS6 antibodies on a normal human brain lysate was performed to identify the in vivo antibody target of UH‐CIS6. The cellular expression of an in vivo candidate target was investigated by immunohistochemistry using MS brain tissue sections. Antibody reactivity toward UH‐CIS6 was detected in a significantly increased proportion of CSF samples from CIS and RR‐MS patients as compared with neurological controls (p = 0.046). We identified and confirmed coronin‐1a as the in vivo antibody target for UH‐CIS6. Furthermore, coronin‐1a was expressed by T cells and macrophages in an active MS lesion. Together, these results demonstrate that coronin‐1a is a novel antibody target for CIS and MS.
Characteristics of Quantitative Nursing Research from 1990 to 2010
Authors: Yarcheski Adela , Mahon Noreen E. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPurposeTo assess author credentials of quantitative research in nursing, the composition of the research teams, and the disciplinary focus of the theories tested.DesignNursing Research, Western Journal of Nursing Research, and Journal of Advanced Nursing were selected for this descriptive study; 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2010 were included. The final sample consisted of 484 quantitative research articles.FindingsFrom 1990 to 2010, there was an increase in first authors holding doctoral degrees, research from other countries, and funding. Solo authorship decreased; multi‐authorship and multidisciplinary teams increased. Theories tested were mostly from psychology; the testing of nursing theory was modest. Multidisciplinary research far outdistanced interdisciplinary research.ConclusionsQuantitative nursing research can be characterized as multidisciplinary (distinct theories from different disciplines) rather than discipline‐specific to nursing. Interdisciplinary (theories synthesized from different disciplines) research has been conducted minimally.Clinical RelevanceThis study provides information about the growth of the scientific knowledge base of nursing, which has implications for practice.
Perceived emotional intelligence in nursing: psychometric properties of the Trait Meta‐Mood Scale
Authors: Aradilla‐Herrero Amor , Tomás‐Sábado Joaquín , Gómez‐Benito Juana 
Published: June 2013

Aims and objectivesTo examine the psychometric properties of the Trait Meta‐Mood Scale in the nursing context and to determine the relationships between emotional intelligence, self‐esteem, alexithymia and death anxiety.BackgroundThe Trait Meta‐Mood Scale is one of the most widely used self‐report measures for assessing perceived emotional intelligence. However, in the nursing context, no extensive analysis has been conducted to examine its psychometric properties.DesignCross‐sectional and observational study.MethodsA total of 1417 subjects participated in the study (1208 nursing students and 209 hospital nurses). The Trait Meta‐Mood Scale, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale and the Death Anxiety Inventory were all applied to half of the sample (n = 707). A confirmatory factor analysis was carried out, and statistical analyses examined the internal consistency and test–retest reliability of the Trait Meta‐Mood Scale, as well as its relationship with relevant variables.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis confirmed the three dimensions of the original scale (Attention, Clarity and Repair). The instrument showed adequate internal consistency and temporal stability. Correlational results indicated that nurses with high scores on emotional Attention experience more death anxiety, report greater difficulties identifying feelings and have less self‐esteem. By contrast, nurses with high levels of emotional Clarity and Repair showed less death anxiety and higher levels of self‐esteem.ConclusionsThe Trait Meta‐Mood Scale is an effective, valid and reliable tool for measuring perceived emotional intelligence in the nursing context. Training programmes should seek to promote emotional abilities among nurses.Relevance to clinical practiceUse of the Trait Meta‐Mood Scale in the nursing context would provide information about nurses' perceived abilities to interpret and manage emotions when interacting with patients.
Health related quality of life across the perinatal period among Australian women
Authors: Emmanuel Elizabeth N , Sun Jing 
Published: June 2013

Aims and objectivesTo investigate the significant features in health‐related quality of life and to examine the changes over time during the perinatal period.BackgroundHealth‐related quality of life during the perinatal period is significant for women. Screening or surveillance during the perinatal period is inconsistent and often not part of continued assessment.DesignProspective.MethodsSetting involved antenatal clinics at three public hospitals in metropolitan Brisbane, Australia. A total of 363 participants out of a cohort of 605 women completed all items of the Short Form‐12 Health Survey in late pregnancy and again at 6 and 12 weeks postpartum.ResultsThere was a significant difference across the three perinatal time periods in all the health‐related quality‐of‐life subscales. Significant improvements were noted from late pregnancy to 6 weeks following childbirth and again at 12 weeks particularly in physical health, role physical, bodily pain, vitality, role emotional and mental health. Even when confounding variables such as maternal ages, partner status, parity, delivery type and ethnicity were introduced, significant improvements were noted. Maternal distress significantly related to almost all quality‐of‐life factors over time even when all possible confounding factors were controlled.ConclusionSignificant changes occur in health‐related quality of life across the perinatal period. All dimensions of health‐related quality of life except for social functioning and maternal distress showed marked improvement following childbirth. During this period, maternal distress was negatively related to health‐related quality of life.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses need to be mindful of the broader view of health as encompassed in health‐related quality‐of‐life measures and the potential these have for alerting health professionals when providing care. More rigorous health assessment for mothers at risk is useful so that appropriate support and follow‐up can be given.
Change Over Time in Brain Serotonin Transporter Binding in Major Depression: Effects of Therapy Measured with [123I]‐ADAM SPECT
Authors: Amsterdam Jay D. , Newberg Andrew B. , Newman Cory F. , Shults Justine , Wintering Nancy , Soeller Irene 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTSeveral studies have reported low brain serotonin transporter (SERT) binding in individuals with major depression. We hypothesized that the SERT standardized uptake ratio (SUR) values using [123I]‐ADAM single photon emission computed tomography would increase in depressed subjects who responded to cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) compared to CBT nonresponders. [123I]‐ADAM scans were acquired before and after 12 weeks of CBT from 20 depressed subjects and on two occasions 12 weeks apart from 10 nondepressed, healthy volunteers. The primary outcome measure was change over time in SUR values in the midbrain, medial temporal lobe, and basal ganglia regions. Depressed subjects demonstrated low pretreatment mean SUR values that significantly increased over time in the midbrain (P = .011), right medial temporal lobe (P = .008), and left medial temporal lobe (P = .000) regions. Treatment responders showed a significant increase over time in SUR values in left medial temporal lobe (P = .029) and right medial temporal lobe (P = .007) regions. Partial and nonresponder subjects also showed a significant increase over time in SUR values in the left medial temporal region (P = .040) (vs. healthy volunteers), but to a lesser degree. The findings suggest that low pretreatment SERT binding may increase over time in some depressed individuals who experience symptom improvement.