bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hofmeister Ions‐Induced Thinning of Gelatin to Enhance 3D Printing Precision
Authors: Chee Heng Li , Koo Jing Wen , Sim Ee En Ian , Zhu Qiang , Gao Xu , Ramli Md. Faris H. , Young Jennifer L. , Holle Andrew W. , Wang FuKe 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHydrogel 3D printing holds immense potential in fields like personalized medicine, regenerative therapies, and organ creation, offering biocompatible structures similar to the extracellular matrix. Gelatin‐Methacryloyl (GelMA) emerges as a promising candidate, while its high viscosity poses a significant challenge, especially in vat photopolymerization‐based 3D printing. Here, a new approach is presented by using Hofmeister ionic effect to substantially reduce the viscosity of high‐content (up to 60%) Gelatin bioink at room temperature with enhanced mechanical performance of the printed structures. The thinning effect induced by chaotropic Hofmeister ions is investigated through complex viscosity analysis, optical rotation measurements, and sol–gel conversion studies. The thinning effect induced by chaotropic ions enables precise 3D printing of Gelatin hydrogel, achieving accuracy comparable to prints made with polymers. Furthermore, after polymerization, the cations of the chaotropic salt change their role to cross‐linkers, leading to stronger scaffolds that exhibit biocompatibility with robust cell attachment, proliferation, and suitability for cell growth. The combination facilitates the creation of customizable structures and high printing accuracy will promote the wide application of Gelatin in the development of patient‐specific implants, drug delivery systems, and tissue scaffolds, further improving medical treatment efficacy and personalized healthcare.
Defect Passivation Strategies in Two‐Dimensional Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskites for Enhanced Photoelectric Performance
Authors: Liu Lei , Bi Hualin , Yan Jiahe , Wang Mengke , Wang Jun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe polycrystalline perovskite films treated with solutions inevitably are subjected to high‐density crystal defects, significantly affecting the performance and stability of perovskite‐based photodetectors. In this research, a reasonably designed organic small molecule using piperazine iodide (PI) as an additive is employed to modify the perovskite films. The results indicate that this designed molecule not only improves the crystallinity of the perovskite film but also effectively passivates defects by modifying the local electron density. Consequently, recombination of non‐radiation charges is inhibited, improving the optoelectronic performance and stability of the device. The modified flexible photoelectric device exhibits a responsivity of 3.07 mA W−1 under 405 nm laser illumination. Notably, it maintains a high responsivity even after 7000 bending cycles. Furthermore, generality of the strategy is verified by applying it to various types of two‐dimensional organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite. Additionally, another small molecular amine phthalimide (PTM) is selected as an additive to further verify the universality of this strategy, which reveals that it demonstrates the same passivation as PI. This strategy provides a novel idea for defect passivation of two‐dimensional organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite, signifying a practical application significance for developing flexible wearable devices with optimized performance, perovskite light‐emitting diodes, and solar cells.
START: A Versatile Platform for Bacterial Ligand Sensing with Programmable Performances
Authors: Kim Jeongwon , Seo Minchae , Lim Yelin , Kim Jongmin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecognition of signaling molecules for coordinated regulation of target genes is a fundamental process for biological systems. Cells often rely on transcription factors to accomplish these intricate tasks, yet the subtle conformational changes of protein structures, coupled with the complexity of intertwined protein interaction networks, pose challenges for repurposing these for bioengineering applications. This study introduces a novel platform for ligand‐responsive gene regulation, termed START (Synthetic Trans‐Acting Riboswitch with Triggering RNA). Inspired by the bacterial ligand sensing system, riboswitch, and the synthetic gene regulator, toehold switch, the START platform enables the implementation of synthetic biosensors for various ligands. Rational sequence design with targeted domain optimization yields high‐performance STARTs with a dynamic range up to 67.29‐fold and a tunable ligand sensitivity, providing a simple and intuitive strategy for sensor engineering. The START platform also exhibits modularity and composability to allow flexible genetic circuit construction, enabling seamless implementation of OR, AND, and NOT Boolean logic gates for multiple ligand inputs. The START design principle is capable of broadening the suite of synthetic biosensors for diverse chemical and protein ligands, providing a novel riboregulator chassis for synthetic biology and bioengineering applications.
A functional aged human iPSC‐cortical neuron model recapitulates Alzheimer's disease, senescence, and the response to therapeutics
Authors: Gallo Leandro H. , Akanda Nesar , Autar Kaveena , Patel Aakash , Cox Ian , Powell Haley A. , Grillo Marcella , Barakat Natali , Morgan Dave , Guo Xiufang , Hickman James J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe degeneration of cortical layers is associated with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Current therapies for AD are not disease‐modifying, and, despite substantial efforts, research and development for AD has faced formidable challenges. In addition, cellular senescence has emerged as a significant contributor to therapy resistance.METHODSHuman iPSC‐derived cortical neurons were cultured on microelectrode arrays to measure long‐term potentiation (LTP) noninvasively. Neurons were treated with pathogenic amyloid‐β (Aβ) to analyze senescence and response to therapeutic molecules.RESULTSMicrophysiological recordings revealed Aβ dampened cortical LTP activity and accelerated neuronal senescence. Aging neurons secreted inflammatory factors previously detected in brain, plasma, and cerebral spinal fluid of AD patients, in which drugs modulated senescence‐related factors.DISCUSSIONThis platform measures and records neuronal LTP activity in response to Aβ and therapeutic molecules in real‐time. Efficacy data from similar platforms have been accepted by the FDA for neurodegenerative diseases, expediting regulatory submissions.Highlights
This work developed a progerontic model of amyloid‐β (Aβ)‐driven cortical degeneration.
This work measured neuronal LTP and correlated function with aging biomarkers.
Aβ is a driver of neuronal senescence and cortical degeneration.
Molecules rescued neuronal function but did not halt Aβ‐driven senescence.
Therapeutic molecules modulated secretion of inflammatory factors by aging neurons.
C−S‐Selective Stille‐Coupling Enables Stereodefined Alkene Synthesis
Authors: Jing Jing , Hu Ying , Tian Zhenfeng , Wang Yicheng , Yao Liqin , Qiu Lipeng , Ackermann Lutz , Karaghiosoff Konstantin , Li Jie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed highly C−S‐selective Stille cross‐coupling between aryl thianthrenium salts and tri‐ or tetrasubstituted alkenyl stannanes is described. Herein, critical challenges including site‐ and chemoselectivity control are well addressed through C−H thianthrenation and C−S alkenylation, thereby providing an expedient access to stereodefined tri‐ and tetrasubstituted alkenes in a stereoretentive fashion. Indeed, the palladium‐catalyzed Stille‐alkenylation of poly(pseudo)halogenated arenes displays privileged capability to differentiate C−S over C−I, C−Br, C−Cl bonds, as well as oxygen‐based triflates (C−OTf), tosylates (C−OTs), carbamates and sulfamates under mild reaction conditions. Sequential and multiple cross‐couplings via selective C−X functionalization should be widely applicable for increasing functional molecular complexity. Modular installation of stereospecific alkene motifs into pharmaceuticals illustrated the synthetic application of the present protocol in drug discovery.
Supramolecular Exchange Reaction in the Cavity of Naphthalene Diimides Extended‐Pillar[6]arene
Authors: Zeng Fei , Tang Lin‐Li , Tang Shan‐Shan , Tang Hai‐Shan , Ding Man‐Hua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA new naphthalene diimides extended‐pillar[6]arene 1 with a large cavity and rich host‐guest complexation properties was synthesized in high yield. It can not only form 1 : 2 complexes with large size polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons but also form 1 : 1 : 1 ternary complex with perylene and 2,7‐diazapyrenium. Moreover, the supramolecular exchange reaction from a 1 : 2 host‐guest complex 1 ⋅ (G3)2 formed by 1 and perylene to a 1 : 1 : 1 ternary complex 1 ⋅ G3 ⋅ G5 formed by 1 with perylene and 2,7‐diazapyrenium salt was also investigated by 1H NMR experiments as well as theoretically calculations.
Comprehensive Phytochemical Profile of Leaves, Stems and Fruits from Orthopterygium huaucui (A. Gray) Hemsl. and their Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Hernández Marcos , Castañeta Grover , Simirgiotis Mario J. , Sepulveda Beatriz , Areche Carlos 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOrthopterygium huaucui, commonly known as “Pate”, is a medicinal shrub belonging to the Anacardiaceae family used locally to treat burns and stomach pains. Endemic to Peru, chemical studies on O. huaucui are limited. In this study, Ultra‐High Performance Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole/Orbitrap Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC Q/Orbitrap/ESI/MS/MS) was used to identify secondary metabolites in leaves, stems and fruits, and the antioxidant capacities of the different parts were compared. In addition, several compounds such as methyl gallate, gallic acid, kaempferol, quercetin, and quercetin 3‐O‐β‐glucuronide were successfully isolated from the methanolic extract of the leaves of this species for the first time. Untargeted UHPLC Q/Orbitrap/ESI/MS/MS analysis tentatively identified seventy‐six compounds in the different parts of the plant, showing that this species as an interesting source of flavonoids, procyanidins and tannins. The phenolic content in leaves and stems was 334.31±4.34 and 295.18±6.38 gallic acid equivalents/100 g dry plant, respectively, while that of fruits was lower (99.92±5.45 mg/100 g). Leaves had twice the flavonoid content than fruits (210.38±3.85 versus 87.42±3.85 quercetin equivalents/100 g). 2,2‐Diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) results indicated high antioxidant activity in all parts, with stems and leaves showing IC50 of 12.8 μg/mL, and fruits showing less activity (IC50=38.6 μg/mL). The Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) test showed higher antioxidant values in the stems (467.82±21.17 μmol Trolox equivalents/100 g). This study provides valuable information on the chemistry of O. huaucui and highlights its antioxidant potential, especially in leaves and stems.
Creation of an in vitro model of GM1 gangliosidosis by CRISPR/Cas9 knocking‐out the GLB1 gene in SH‐SY5Y human neuronal cell line
Authors: Hosseini Kamran , Fallahi Jafar , Aligholi Hadi , Heidari Zahra , Nadimi Elham , Safari Fatemeh , Sisakht Mohsen , Atapour Amir , Khajeh Sahar , Tabei Seyed Mohammad Bagher , Razban Vahid 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGM1 gangliosidosis is one type of hereditary error of metabolism that occurs due to the absence or reduction of β‐galactosidase enzyme content in the lysosome of cells, including neurons. In vitro, the use of neural cell lines could facilitate the study of this disease. By creating a cell model of GM1 gangliosidosis on the SH‐SY5Y human nerve cell line, it is possible to understand the main role of this enzyme in breaking down lipid substrate and other pathophysiologic phenomena this disease. To knock‐out the human GLB1 gene, guides targeting exons 14 and 16 of the GLB1 gene were designed using the CRISPOR and CHOP‐CHOP websites, and high‐efficiency guides were selected for cloning in the PX458 vector. After confirming the cloning, the vectors were transformed into DH5α bacteria and then the target vector was extracted and transfected into human nerve cells (SH‐SY5Y cell line) by electroporation. After 48 h, GFP+ cells were sorted using the FACS technique and homozygous (compound heterozygous) single cells were isolated using the serial dilution method and sequencing was done to confirm them. Finally, gap PCR tests, X‐gal and Periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS) staining, and qPCR were used to confirm the knock‐out of the human GLB1 gene. Additionally, RNA sequencing data analysis from existing data of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was used to find the correlation of GLB1 with other genes, and then the top correlated genes were tested for further evaluation of knock‐out effects. The nonviral introduction of two guides targeting exons 14 and 16 of the GLB1 gene into SH‐SY5Y cells led to the deletion of a large fragment with a size of 4.62 kb. In contrast to the non‐transfected cell, X‐gal staining resulted in no blue color in GLB1 gene knock‐out cells indicating the absence of β‐galactosidase enzyme activity in these cells. Real‐time PCR (qPCR) results confirmed the RNA‐Seq analysis outcomes on the GEO data set and following the GLB1 gene knock‐out, the expression of its downstream genes, NEU1 and CTSA, has been decreased. It has been also shown that the downregulation of GLB1‐NEU1‐CTSA complex gene was involved in suppressed proliferation and invasion ability of knock‐out cells. This study proved that using dual guide RNA can be used as a simple and efficient tool for targeting the GLB1 gene in nerve cells and the knockout SH‐SY5Y cells can be used as a model investigation of basic and therapeutic surveys for GM1 gangliosidosis disease.
Outcomes after transcatheter mitral valve implantation in valve‐in‐valve, valve‐in‐ring, and valve‐in‐mitral annular calcification
Authors: Alvarez‐Covarrubias Hector A. , Joner Michael , Lutz Marius , Xhepa Erion , Mayr N. Patrick , Lachmann Mark , Cassese Salvatore , Rheude Tobias , Pellegrini Costanza , Kufner Sebastian , Schunkert Heribert , Kastrati Adnan , Erlebach Magdalena , Lange Rüdiger , Ruge Hendrik 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsWe aimed to evaluate transcatheter mitral valve implantation (TMVI) using predominantly balloon‐expandable transcatheter heart valves (THV) in patients with a landing zone for a percutaneously delivered prosthesis.BackgroundPatients with a degenerated mitral valve bioprosthesis, annuloplasty ring, and mitral annulus calcification (MAC) considered at high surgical risk currently represent a treatment challenge. TMVI is an alternative treatment option.MethodsRetrospective analysis of patients with symptomatic degenerated mitral valve bioprosthesis, or annuloplasty ring, and MAC treated with TMVI between November 2011 and April 2021. Endpoints were defined according to Mitral Valve Academic Research Consortium (MVARC) criteria and included device and procedure success at 30 days as well as mortality at 30 days and 1 year after the procedure.ResultsA total of 77 patients underwent TMVI (valve in valve [ViV = 56], valve in ring [ViR = 11], and valve in MAC [ViMAC = 10]). There was a trend toward higher technical success (all = 93.5%, ViV = 96.4%, ViR = 90.9%, ViMAC = 80%, p = 0.06) and lower 30‐day (all = 11.7%, ViV = 10.7%, ViR = 9.1%, ViMAC = 20%, p = 0.49) and 1‐year mortality (all = 26%, ViV = 23.2%, ViR = 27.3%, ViMAC= 40%, p = 0.36) after ViV and ViR compared to ViMAC.ConclusionTMVI represents a reasonable treatment option in selected patients with MAC or who are poor candidates for redo mitral valve surgery. Technical success and survival up to 1 year were not significantly dependent on the subgroup in which TMVI was performed.
Bisphosphonium Benzene Diimides
Authors: Leake Gebresilassie Feven , Ji Kim Min , Castellanos Daniela , Broderick Conor H. , Ngo Steven M. , Young Victor G. , Cao Dennis D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe incorporation of cationic groups onto electron‐poor compounds is a viable strategy for achieving potent electron acceptors, as evidenced by reports of air‐stable radical forms of large aromatic diimides such as naphthalene and perylene diimides. These ions have also been observed to exhibit anion–π interaction tendencies of interest in molecular recognition applications. The benefits of phosphonium incorporation, however, have not yet been extended to the smallest benzene diimides. Here, we report that dibrominated pyromellitic diimide and mellophanic diimide both readily undergo substitution reactions with phosphine sources to yield bisphosphonium compounds. In the single crystalline form, these dications display anion‐π interactions and, in the case of mellophanic diimide, the stabilization of a bromide–water H−bonding ring pattern. The reaction of these dications with chemical reductants readily provides the singly and doubly reduced redox states, which were characterized by UV‐vis spectroscopy and found to exhibit intense absorptions extending into the near‐IR region. Taken together, this work demonstrates that phosphonium incorporation onto congested aromatic diimide scaffolds is synthetically viable and produces unusual electron‐poor compounds.
Helicenes on Surfaces: Stereospecific On‐Surface Chemistry, Single Enantiomorphism, and Electron Spin Selectivity
Authors: Ernst Karl‐Heinz 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTHelicenes represent an important class of chiral organic material with promising optoelectronic properties. Hence, functionalization of surfaces with helicenes is a key step towards new organic material devices. This review presents different aspects of adsorption and modification of metal surfaces with different helicene species. Topics addressed are chiral crystallization, that is, 2D conglomerate versus racemate crystallization, breaking of mirror‐symmetry in racemates, chirality‐induced spin selectivity, and stereoselective on‐surface chemistry.
Queuing‐based energy‐efficient processing algorithm for smart transportation through V2V communication
Authors: Mohammadi Laya , Khajehvand Vahid 
Published: July 2024

SummaryApplications of intelligent systems installed in vehicles require substantial computational processing for various tasks. These intensive computations result in high energy consumption and power demands within vehicles. Computational offloading based on Vehicle‐to‐Vehicle (V2V) communication in vehicular fog computing (VFC) has been proposed as a promising solution to enhance energy efficiency in transportation applications. In this paper, the primary objective is addressing this concern by identifying the optimal nearby vehicle that minimizes energy consumption for the offloading and execution of computational tasks. Therefore, a decision‐making and intelligent task offloading mechanism based on queueing theory is proposed. By modeling the problem environment based on queueing theory and modeling the behavior of distributed tasks with discrete‐time Markov chain, the proposed solution can predict the future behavior of vehicles in selecting the most energy‐efficient processing node. Therefore, this paper investigates three energy decision parameters based on queueing theory extracted from the Markov model to enhance the performance of the proposed algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate that the computational energy parameter achieves the most significant improvement. The proposed algorithm outperforms previous methods, improving energy‐efficient system performance by 6.25% and 2.67%, and reducing delivery failure rate by 6.52% and 2.72%. It also decreases overall transportation system processing energy consumption by 0.05% for 100–500 vehicle arrival rates, resulting in an average total processing energy consumption of 0.48%.
Social sustainability for health and well‐being in port areas: A general framework proposal with a social value approach
Authors: de Luca Patrizia , Valentinuz Giorgio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSustainability is becoming increasingly critical in the port business, which generates economic, environmental, and social impacts in and around port areas. This study, focusing on social sustainability, intends to investigate the potential creation of multi‐functional social health and well‐being facilities to benefit the staff of the port community. Qualitative research was performed in port areas in Italy. A thematic analysis of textual data obtained from interviews and secondary data was also administered. The original contribution of this study, which proposes a framework with different potential interventional areas, comes from the suggestion for an economic‐financial analysis with the social return on investment. This method permits consideration of valuable aspects for evaluating the potential social value of the multi‐functional social health and well‐being facility.
Graph neural networks based queuing model for optimal load balancing in mobile ad hoc network
Authors: Kumar G. Rajiv Suresh , Arul Geetha G. 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThis paper proposes a new approach for optimizing traffic management in multiple access networks (MANETs) by utilizing the stream‐enabled routing (SER) algorithm. The SER algorithm is used to determine which routing path is the most time‐ and resource‐efficient. The proposed approach makes use of multipath routing in a manner that is consistent with the SER method. By combining the states of flows, queues, and links, a graph neural network (GNN)‐based model attempts to break the circular dependencies that are described by these functions. The simulation is setup with joint parameters consisting of residual energy, packet delivery rate (PDR), and end‐to‐end delay. The results of the experiments show that the proposed protocol provides a significant improvement in terms of network efficiency when compared to using some baseline protocols designed for MANETs.
Complications After Exosome Treatment for Aesthetic Skin Rejuvenation
Authors: Nahm William J. , Thunga Sukruthi , Yoo Jane 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundExosomes have gained significant attention in aesthetic dermatology for their potential in skin rejuvenation. Despite numerous studies investigating the use of exosomes in aesthetic applications, no adverse events have been reported thus far. This case series presents patients with noticeable adverse effects following the application of exosomes to the skin for aesthetic purposes primarily in South Korea, including one patient residing in Australia. [Correction added on 4 February 2025, after first online publication: In the Abstract, one patient residing in Australia has been included.]MethodsA consortium of concerned aesthetic dermatologists from South Korea provided a case series of patients who developed complications after receiving exosome treatments for skin rejuvenation. The case series included seven female patients, ranging in age from 26 to 37 years old, who developed delayed‐onset granulomatous lesions at the treatment sites. [Correction added on 4 February 2025, after first online publication: the number of patients has been changed from eight to seven females; the age range has been changed from 26 to 52 years old to 26 to 37 years old.]ResultsAll patients in the case series developed erythematous, indurated papules or nodules at the sites of exosome injections, with onset ranging from 2 weeks to 3 months posttreatment. Histopathological examination of biopsied lesions revealed necrotizing granulomas not related to mycobacterial infections. The patients' response to topical and oral steroids, as well as other treatments, varied.ConclusionAlthough exosome‐based therapies hold great promise in aesthetic dermatology, this case series highlights the potential for delayed‐onset granulomatous complications following exosome treatments for skin rejuvenation. Standardized protocols for exosome isolation and purification, as well as rigorous safety and efficacy standards, are needed to ensure the successful implementation of exosome‐based products in clinical settings.