bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of turfgrass under supplemental irrigation and rain‐fed conditions in the Central Great Plains of USA
Authors: Islam M. Anowarul , Obour Augustine K. , Krall James M. , Cecil Jack T. , Nachtman Jerry J. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIdentifying drought tolerant turfgrass for semiarid Central Great Plains (CGP) of Wyoming is imperative because of limited water availability for irrigation. This study evaluated the performance and quality of different turfgrass species/cultivars under irrigated and rain‐fed conditions in southeastern Wyoming. The species/cultivars evaluated in the study included Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L. ‘Bandera’, ‘Common 85/80’ and ‘Midnight’), tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus [Schreb.] Dumort., formerly Festuca arundinacea Schreb.; ‘Blackwatch’, ‘Tar Heel II’ and ‘Watchdog’), buffalograss (Bouteloua dactyloides [Nutt.] J.T. Columbus; ‘Bison’, ‘Bowie’ and ‘Cody’), and blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis [Willd. ex Kunth] Lag. ex Griffiths; ‘Alma’, ‘Bad River’ and ‘Hachita’). The study was planted in a randomized complete block with four replicates in a factorial design. Coverage of turfgrasses used in the study was similar in both irrigated and rain‐fed conditions. In general, better performance and turf quality in terms of vigor and color were obtained in irrigated conditions compared to rain‐fed. Plant vigor and color rankings were in the order of tall fescue > Kentucky bluegrass > buffalograss > blue grama under irrigated conditions. However, plant vigor and color were superior for the warm‐season turfgrass species (buffalograss and blue grama) under rain‐fed conditions. Overall performance of the turfgrass species tested in the study was tall fescue ≥ Kentucky bluegrass > blue grama ≥ buffalograss. Tall fescue cultivars ‘Tar Heel II’ and ‘Watchdog’, blue grama cultivar ‘Bad River’, and buffalograss cultivar ‘Cody’ were among the most promising drought tolerant cultivars.
Evaluation of six methods to predict grassland net primary productivity along an altitudinal gradient in the Alxa Rangeland, Western Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Lin Huilong , Zhang Yingjun 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAccurately estimating grassland net primary productivity (NPP) plays an important role in the study of global carbon budgeting. The six different methods (Miami Model, Schuur Model, Chikugo Model, Beijing Model, Synthetic Model and Classification Indices‐based Model) were compared in terms of their performance in predicting grassland NPP with NPP derived from field‐observed data at eight study sites along an altitudinal gradient in the Helan Mountain range and the surrounding desert in the Alxa Rangeland, Western Inner Mongolia, China. One hundred and twenty plot‐based NPP sets from the eight study sites were used, which were obtained from 2003 to 2005, within areas classified as alpine meadow, cold temperate‐humid montane meadow, cool temperate‐subhumid meadow steppe, cool temperate‐semiarid temperate typical steppe and cool temperate‐arid temperate zonal semi‐desert according to the Integrated Orderly Classification System of Grassland (IOCSG). The relative high model efficiency in predicting grassland NPP using the Classification Indices‐based Model and Chikugo Model indicates that these models outperform others. On the basis of input data requirements and the number of free parameters involved in each model, the Classification Indices‐based Model was found to be the best choice for the given grassland classes. The results presented in this study were not only specific to this region, but more importantly, were specific to the given grassland classes according to the IOCSG approach, which can be scaled up from plots to estimate landscape‐scale effects.
Intratympanic steroid injection for sudden sensorineural hearing loss in a patient on hemodialysis
Authors: Wu Rui‐Xin , Chen Chun‐Chi , Wang Chih‐Hung , Chen Hsin‐Chien 
Published: June 2013

AbstractSudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is being described with increasing incidence among patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD). There are no widely accepted guidelines in the medical literature for the appropriate management of this medical emergency. Administration of systemic steroids remains the mainstay of the management of SSNHL in conjunction with the supportive treatment, in this vulnerable group of patients, as well. However, encouraged by the evolving evidence on the efficacy of the intratympanic steroid injections (ITSI) in the treatment of SSNHL among patients without renal disease—we successfully treated SSNHL in an elderly diabetic with sepsis due to bilateral pneumonitis undergoing regular HD treatment with multiple ITSI and antibiotics resulting in complete recovery of hearing function within 3 months of onset of the first symptoms.
Severe retinopathy of prematurity with retinal detachment in monozygotic twins
Authors: Fujioka Kazumichi , Morioka Ichiro , Honda Shigeru , Tsukahara Yasutomo , Miwa Akihiro , Shibata Akio , Tanimura Kenji , Yokoyama Naoki , Yamada Hideto , Iijima Kazumoto 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe report a monochorionic diamniotic twin pair born at 29 weeks of gestation in which both twins developed severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with retinal detachment. The pregnancy was terminated due to reversal of donor‐recipient phenotypes in possible TTTS. Both twins had unstable cardiopulmonary status during the first week, and developed chronic lung disease. The larger twin, born at 1372 g, developed stage 4a ROP in both eyes, and the smaller twin, born at 1168 g, developed stage 4a ROP in the left eye. Genetic analysis of NDP, FZD4, LRP5, TSPAN12 genes revealed no mutations; however, VEGF gene polymorphism analysis showed heterozygous carrier state of the VEGF 936T allele in both twins, which is a risk factor for threshold ROP in Japanese newborn infants. We speculate the synergistic effects of unstable perinatal cardiopulmonary status and genetic predisposition due to VEGF 936C>T polymorphism caused the development of severe ROP with retinal detachment.
Hairy polyp can be lethal even when small in size
Authors: Koike Yuhki , Uchida Keiichi , Inoue Mikihiro , Ohtsu Kazuya , Tanaka Takaaki , Otake Kohei , Tanaka Koji , Kusunoki Masato 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA case of sudden cardiopulmonary arrest in a 3‐month‐old girl is presented. The patient had barely recovered from hypoxic encephalopathy when she presented with repeated respiratory distress. Computed tomography and endoscopic analysis revealed a shiny polyp in the lateral wall of the nasopharynx, and this polyp was suspected to be the main cause of respiratory distress. After referral to our hospital, surgical removal was performed, and the histopathological diagnosis was hairy polyp. Hairy polyp is a rare congenital benign tumor that sometimes induces respiratory distress. This polyp can potentially induce a life‐threatening event. In a systematic review of 40 reported cases, polyps of ≤3.0 cm in diameter have a higher risk of respiratory distress than do those >3.0 cm in diameter (P = 0.01). Small hairy polyps may be lethal because of delayed diagnosis. To locate small hairy polyps, physicians should not hesitate to perform further examination because there is the possibility of oversight with only physical examination.
Union Membership and Job‐Related Training: Incidence, Transferability, and Efficacy
Authors: Waddoups C. Jeffrey 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between union membership and (i) the incidence of training, (ii) the degree to which training is transferable to firms other than the one providing the training and (iii) the degree to which workers perceive that training improves job performance. Using data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics, I find that union members are more likely to receive employer‐sponsored training than their non‐union counterparts. I also find that male union members are more likely than non‐members to report that training improved job performance. Union membership was not related to transferability of skills between employers.
Decreased Risk of Subsequent Primary Noncutaneous Malignancies among Patients with Primary Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma
Authors: WAGNER RICHARD F. , PELLEGRINI JAMES R. , DELZELL ELIZABETH 
Published: June 2013

Abstract It is established in the clinical literature that patients who develop specific types of malignancies are at an increased statistical risk for the development of a second primary malignancy. Previous studies have supported the theory that patients who develop primary cutaneous malignant melanoma (PCMM) have a greater risk for the development of a secondary primary noncutaneous malignancy (SPNM).Taken from the tumor registry of a community hospital, data for 504 consecutive patients (254 men and 250 women) with a diagnosis of PCMM were evaluated for the incidence of subsequent SPNM by comparing this series of patients to the general population of Connecticut. It was demonstrated that patients with PCMM had a significantly reduced incidence of SPNM (p = 0.002). Consideration should be given to possible biological and behavioral mechanisms which could explain the observed deficit.
Aqueous Gelcasting of Fused Silica Using Colloidal Silica Binder
Authors: Manivannan R. , Kumar Anil , Subrahmanyam Ch. 
Published: June 2013

An aqueous‐based gelcasting of fused silica ceramics by using colloidal silica binder was developed. Fused silica slurries having different volume percentage of solid loading from 63 to 74 vol% in colloidal silica were made and the rheological properties were evaluated. It was found that the slurry with 73 vol% of solid loading with viscosity 0.70 Pa.s is suitable for this gelcasting system. The influence of solid loading on physical and mechanical properties of gelcast green and sintered bodies has been studied. The fabricated green body by using colloidal silica binder exhibited a flexural strength of 9 MPa and 88% of theoretical density with 2.2% of drying shrinkage while the sintered sample exhibited flexural strength of 60 MPa and 95% of theoretical density with 4.3% of sintering shrinkage. It was observed that, the nano silica particles from the colloidal silica binder is filling the interstitial positions in the consolidated fused silica green body and enhancing physical and mechanical properties.
A systematic review of physical impairments following radical prostatectomy: effect of psychoeducational interventions
Authors: Lassen Britta , Gattinger Heidrun , Saxer Susi 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAimsTo determine the effect of psychoeducational interventions on urinary and faecal incontinence and erectile dysfunction in men 50 years and older after prostatectomy for prostate cancer in comparison to usual care.BackgroundProstate cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in men worldwide. The major complications of radical prostatectomy are urinary and faecal incontinence as well as sexual dysfunction, associated with significantly reduced quality of life.DesignA systematic review of randomized controlled trials was undertaken to provide a narrative synthesis and critical appraisal of included studies.Data SourcesThe electronic databases MEDLINE and CINAHL were searched using a systematic search strategy for studies published between January 2001–December 2012. In addition, reference lists of included papers were checked. The Cochrane Database was screened for whether a review on this topic already exists.Review MethodsThe systematic review included randomized controlled trials in men after prostate cancer treatment and psychoeducational interventions to influence urinary or faecal incontinence and erectile dysfunction. The quality of studies was assessed by the reviewers using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) method.ResultsEight trials met the inclusion criteria. Although these studies are heterogeneous and of varied quality, a descriptive synthesis of results suggests that psychoeducational interventions may improve urinary incontinence, bowel bother, sexual function and sexual bother to some extent.ConclusionThe results of this systematic review indicate that it would be worthwhile to implement postprostatectomy psychoeducational interventions into nursing discharge planning. Future research is necessary to corroborate these results and define the most favourable time to implement psychoeducational interventions.
Noncoronary ST Elevation and Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia During Left‐Sided Accessory Pathway Ablation
Authors: HWANG GYO‐SEUNG , PARK JIN‐SUN , YANG HYOUNG‐MO , LIM HONG‐SEOK , CHOI BYOUNG‐JOO , CHOI SO‐YEON , YOON MYEONG‐HO , SHIN JOON‐HAN , TAHK SEUNG‐JEA 
Published: June 2013

Noncoronary ST Elevation During Ablation TherapyIntroductionAn early repolarization (ER) pattern on electrocardiogram (ECG) sometimes has the risk of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (PVT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF). An abnormal ER pattern can develop in various experimental or clinical situations. We experienced 4 cases of abnormal ER pattern with or without PVT during the radiofrequency (RF) ablation of the left accessory pathway.Methods and ResultsAn electrophysiologic study and RF ablation were performed in 4 patients. Four patients had atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia. During RF ablation of the left accessory pathway, severe chest pain developed and was followed by abnormal J‐point elevation. During the ongoing chest pain and J‐point elevation, coronary angiograms showed normal findings. The chest pain and J‐point elevation were followed by PVT or VF that was unresponsive to defibrillation. The PVT was spontaneously terminated and repeated. After 0.5 mg atropin was given, chest pain and ECG change disappeared.ConclusionThe mechanisms of ER syndrome during RF ablation might be increased vagal tone due to chest pain or direct vagal stimulation.
Clinical Impact, Safety, and Efficacy of Single‐ versus Dual‐Coil ICD Leads in MADIT‐CRT
Authors: KUTYIFA VALENTINA , HUTH RUWALD ANNE‐CHRISTINE , AKTAS MEHMET K. , JONS CHRISTIAN , McNITT SCOTT , POLONSKY BRONISLAVA , GELLER LASZLO , MERKELY BELA , MOSS ARTHUR J. , ZAREBA WOJCIECH , BLOCH THOMSEN POUL ERIK 
Published: June 2013

Single‐ versus Dual‐Coil ICD LeadsBackgroundCurrent data on efficacy, safety and impact on clinical outcome of single‐ versus dual‐coil implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) leads are limited and contradictory.MethodsDefibrillation threshold (DFT) at implantation and first shock efficacy were compared in patients implanted with single‐ versus dual‐coil ICD leads in MADIT‐CRT. The risk for atrial tachyarrhythmias and all‐cause mortality were evaluated. Short‐ (< 30 days after the implantation) and long‐term (throughout the entire study duration) complications were assessed.ResultsPatients with dual‐coil ICD leads had significantly lower DFTs compared to patients with single‐coil ICD leads (17.6 ± 5.8 J vs 19.4 ± 6.1 J, P < 0.001). First shock efficacy was similar among patients with dual and single‐coil ICD leads (89.6% vs 92.3%, P = 1.00). When comparing patients with dual versus single‐coil ICD leads, there was no difference in the risk of atrial tachyarrhythmias (HR = 1.57, 95% CI: 0.81–3.02, P = 0.18), or in the risk of all‐cause mortality (HR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.58–2.07, P = 0.77). Patients implanted with single‐ or dual‐coil ICD lead had similar short and long‐term complication rates (short‐term HR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.56–1.65, P = 0.88, long‐term procedure‐related HR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.62–1.59, P = 1.00, long‐term ICD lead related: HR = 1.2, 95% CI: 0.5–2.9, P = 0.68) during the mean follow‐up of 3.3 years.ConclusionsPatients with single‐coil ICD leads have slightly higher DFTs compared to those with dual‐coil leads, but the efficacy, safety, and clinical impact on atrial tachyarrhythmias, and mortality is similar. Implantation of single‐coil ICD leads may be favorable in most patients.
The ‘unskilled and unaware’ effect is linear in a real‐world setting
Authors: Sawdon Marina , Finn Gabrielle 
Published: June 2013

AbstractSelf‐assessment ability in medical students and practising physicians is generally poor, yet essential for academic progress and professional development. The aim of this study was to determine undergraduate medical students' ability to self‐assess their exam performance accurately in a real‐world, high‐stakes exam setting, something not previously investigated. Year 1 and Year 2 medical students (n = 74) participated in a self‐assessment exercise. Students predicted their exam grade (%) on the anatomy practical exam. This exercise was completed online immediately after the exam. Students' predicted exam grades were correlated with their actual attained exam grades using a Pearson's correlation. Demographic data were analysed using an independent t‐test. A negative correlation was found between students' overall predicted and attained exam grades (P < 0.0001). There was a significant difference between the students' predicted grades and actual grades in the bottom, 3rd and top (P < 0.0001), but not 2nd quartiles of participants. There was no relationship between the students' entry status into medical school and self‐assessment ability (Year 1: P = 0.112; Year 2: P = 0.236) or between males and females (Year 1: P = 0.174). However, a relationship was determined for these variables in Year 2 (P = 0.022). The number of hours of additional self‐directed learning undertaken did not influence students' self‐assessment in both years. Our results demonstrate the ‘unskilled and unaware’ phenomenon in a real‐world, high‐stakes and practice‐related setting. Students in all quartiles were unable to self‐assess their exam performance, except for a group of mid‐range students in the 2nd quartile. Poor performers were shown to overestimate their ability and, conversely, high achievers to underestimate their performance. We present evidence of a strong, significant linear relationship between medical students' ability to self‐assess their performance in an anatomy practical exam, and their actual performance; in a real world setting. Despite the limited ability to self‐assess reported in the literature, our results may inform approaches to revalidation, which currently frequently rely on an ability to self‐assess.
Understanding Students' Perceptions of a High School Course Designed to Enhance School Connectedness
Authors: Chung‐Do Jane , Filibeck Karla , Goebert Deborah A. , Arakawa Garrett , Fraser Dawn , Laboy Jill , Minakami Derek 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThis study was a part of an evaluation of a 4‐year high school course to enhance students' school connectedness from freshman to senior year with primarily an Asian and Pacific Islander student body in Hawai‘i. The purpose of this study was to understand how the course may impact students' sense of school connectedness and identify factors important in course effectiveness.METHODSFocus group guides were developed in collaboration with course instructors. Approximately 70 students from each grade level were randomly selected to participate in focus groups. All focus groups occurred during the 30‐minute lunch period and lunch was provided.RESULTSFocus groups conducted with 67 students revealed that students perceive teachers to play an essential role in the effectiveness of the course. Students also viewed the small class size and staying in the same class for all 4 years as important components in supporting the relationship‐building aspect of the course, which enhances students' level of academic motivation and school involvement. Suggestions for ways that teachers can help build students' sense of school connectedness through the course included integrating their personal experiences into the lessons and facilitating more interactive discussions and team‐building activities.CONCLUSIONOur findings suggest that students recognize the course as a valuable opportunity to build personal relationships that are essential to their sense of school connectedness. Schools should make more effort at incorporating strategies that build students' sense of school connectedness by providing relationship‐building opportunities.
Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance: A new surveillance system for Australia
Authors: Zurynski Yvonne , McIntyre Peter , Booy Robert , Elliott Elizabeth J ,   PAEDS Investigators Group
Published: June 2013

AimThe Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance (PAEDS) is described. PAEDS is active in four tertiary children's hospitals in four states of Australia and aims to address gaps in surveillance for severe vaccine‐preventable diseases and adverse events following immunisation.MethodsFrom August 2007 to December 2010, surveillance nurses actively identified and recruited children admitted with: acute flaccid paralysis, varicella infection, intussusception, seizures in infants and pandemic influenza (June–October 2009). Details of presentation, medical and immunisation history, outcome and laboratory results were collected. Completeness of ascertainment was estimated through audits of International Classification of Diseases 10th edition‐coded medical records where possible.ResultsSeven hundred thirty‐three cases matching case definition criteria for the four conditions were recruited. In addition, 601 cases of influenza were recruited during the 2009 pandemic. PAEDS enhanced acute flaccid paralysis surveillance by the Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit; the World Health Organization surveillance target was met when Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit and PAEDS cases were combined. Among 133 children hospitalised for varicella, only 16 were vaccinated; samples of vesicle scrapings were collected in 57% for genotyping. Of 122 infants presenting with seizures, only six (12%) had received a vaccine in the last 7 days. Intussusception was more frequent among infants receiving their first dose of either of the rotavirus vaccines. Results informed policy and education for parents and health professionals. Preliminary audits of medical records suggest excellent ascertainment through PAEDS.ConclusionsPAEDS provides important, previously unavailable data to inform public health policy, clinical practice and community confidence. It has potential to respond quickly during outbreaks and epidemics.
Clinical and neurological findings of severe vitamin B12 deficiency in infancy and importance of early diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Demir Nihat , Koc Ahmet , Üstyol Lokman , Peker Erdal , Abuhandan Mahmut 
Published: June 2013

AimNutritional vitamin B12 deficiency among children in developing countries may lead to a severe clinical status. In this article, the clinical manifestations of vitamin B12 deficiency and the consequences of delay in its diagnosis have been evaluated.MethodsA total of 41 patients who were hospitalised and treated with the diagnosis of severe vitamin B12 deficiency in the paediatric haematology department of the hospital were enrolled in the trial. The diagnosis of severe vitamin B12 deficiency was based on haematological values, a serum vitamin B12 level of <100 pg/mL and a normal level of folic acid. Mental, neuro‐motor and social developments of the enrolled patients were assessed by the same physician using the Ankara Developmental Screening Inventory.ResultsThe mean age of 25 male and 16 female patients was determined as 12 (6–18 months) months. Almost all of the children had been fed with breast milk and a poor nutritional state was found in all of the mothers. Non‐specific findings such as growth retardation (78%), hyperpigmentation of the skin (78%), diarrhoea (63.4%), convulsion (14.6%), weakness, reluctance to eat, vomiting, irritability and tremor were found in all the patients, in addition to hypotonia, motor retardation and pallor. Treatment with vitamin B12 provided recovery in all the patients. The mean age of the patients with full recovery was 11.7 months, while the mean age of patients with partial recovery was 12.9 months.ConclusionAs a delay in the diagnosis causes irreversible neurological damage, early diagnosis and treatment is highly important.