bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct electron injection into an oxide insulator using a cathode buffer layer
Authors: Lee Eungkyu , Lee Jinwon , Kim Ji-Hoon , Lim Keon-Hee , Seok Byun Jun , Ko Jieun , Dong Kim Young , Park Yongsup , Kim Youn Sang 
Published: April 2015

AbstractInjecting charge carriers into the mobile bands of an inorganic oxide insulator (for example, SiO2, HfO2) is a highly complicated task, or even impossible without external energy sources such as photons. This is because oxide insulators exhibit very low electron affinity and high ionization energy levels. Here we show that a ZnO layer acting as a cathode buffer layer permits direct electron injection into the conduction bands of various oxide insulators (for example, SiO2, Ta2O5, HfO2, Al2O3) from a metal cathode. Studies of current–voltage characteristics reveal that the current ohmically passes through the ZnO/oxide-insulator interface. Our findings suggests that the oxide insulators could be used for simply fabricated, transparent and highly stable electronic valves. With this strategy, we demonstrate an electrostatic discharging diode that uses 100-nm SiO2 as an active layer exhibiting an on/off ratio of ∼107, and protects the ZnO thin-film transistors from high electrical stresses.
A global compendium of human Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus occurrence
Authors: Messina Jane P , Pigott David M , Duda Kirsten A , Brownstein John S , Myers Monica F , George Dylan B , Hay Simon I 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn order to map global disease risk, a geographic database of human Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) occurrence was produced by surveying peer-reviewed literature and case reports, as well as informal online sources. Here we present this database, comprising occurrence data linked to geographic point or polygon locations dating from 1953 to 2013. We fully describe all data collection, geo-positioning, database management and quality-control procedures. This is the most comprehensive database of confirmed CCHF occurrence in humans to-date, containing 1,721 geo-positioned occurrences in total.
Non-equilibrium scale invariance and shortcuts to adiabaticity in a one-dimensional Bose gas
Authors: Rohringer W. , Fischer D. , Steiner F. , Mazets I. E. , Schmiedmayer J. , Trupke M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe present experimental evidence for scale invariant behaviour of the excitation spectrum in phase-fluctuating quasi-1d Bose gases after a rapid change of the external trapping potential. Probing density correlations in free expansion, we find that the temperature of an initial thermal state scales with the spatial extension of the cloud as predicted by a model based on adiabatic rescaling of initial eigenmodes with conserved quasiparticle occupation numbers. Based on this result, we demonstrate that shortcuts to adiabaticity for the rapid expansion or compression of the gas do not induce additional heating.
Modelling of the impedance frequency response of transformers at no load and under nominal conditions
Authors: Januário Marconi , Kuo‐Peng Patrick , Batistela Nelson Jhoe 
Published: April 2015

The need for models that represent the behaviour of transformers operating in steady state or submitted to transient events is of great importance in studies involving power systems. In this context, this study presents a model used to represent the impedance frequency response of transformers at no load and under nominal conditions. In the model, networks of parameters with RLC cells are employed to reproduce the resonances present in the frequency responses and also RL network sections are used to represent the frequency‐dependent effects in the core, which aid in the current damping during transient events. The parameter values of these networks are determined with the least‐squares numerical method. To evaluate the model as well as the methodology to determine the parameter values, data originating from measurements of the frequency responses with frequency range from 10 Hz to 2 MHz of two single‐phase transformers (16 kVA and 55 MVA) are used. Validations of the model are carried out in the frequency and time domains. The model can be used to simulate transformer operation under nominal conditions of voltage and frequency and also for a broad frequency spectrum.
Hexamethylene‐1,3‐bis(cetyldimethylammonium bromide) protected low‐toxicity ZnSe quantum dots as fluorescent probe for proteins
Authors: Zhong Yaping , Deng Chun , He Yu , Ge Yili , Song Gongwu 
Published: April 2015

Hexamethylene‐1,3‐bis(cetyldimethylammonium bromide) (G16‐6‐16) protected low‐toxicity ZnSe quantum dots (QDs) were successfully synthesised and used as fluorescence probe to detect proteins such as bovine serum albumin (BSA). This method is simple, fast, selective and sensitive. Surfactant G16‐6‐16 can interact with proteins through hydrophobic effect, thus leading to the fluorescence quenching of G16‐6‐16 protected ZnSe QDs nanometre material. The fluorescence intensity of G16‐6‐16 protected ZnSe QDs was linearly proportional to BSA over a concentration range from 0 to 80 nM with a correlation coefficient of 0.993. The detection limit was 0.04 nM. This method was successfully applied to determine BSA in urine samples which shows the good application value of this nanometre material.
Effects of feeding outer bran fraction of rice on lipid accumulation and fecal excretion in rats
Authors: Ijiri Daichi , Nojima Tsutomu , Kawaguchi Mana , Yamauchi Yoko , Fujita Yoshikazu , Ijiri Satoru , Ohtsuka Akira 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Outer bran fraction of rice (OBFR) contains higher concentrations of crude fiber, γ-oryzanol, and phytic acid compared to whole rice bran (WRB). In this study, we examined the effects of feeding OBFR on lipid accumulation and fecal excretion in rats. Twenty-one male rats at seven-week-old were divided into a control group and two treatment groups. The control group was fed a control diet, and the treatment groups were fed OBFR- or WRB-containing diet for 21 days. There was no significant difference in growth performance. Feeding OBFR diet increased fecal number and weight accompanied by increased fecal lipid content, while it did not affect mRNA expressions encoding lipid metabolism-related protein in liver. In addition, feeding OBFR-diet decreased the abdominal fat tissue weight and improved plasma lipid profiles, while WRB-containing diet did not affect them. These results suggested that feeding OBFR-diet might prevent lipid accumulation via enhancing fecal lipid excretion in rats.
Organizational leadership role in the delivery of sustainable construction projects in UK
Authors: Opoku Alex , Cruickshank Heather , Ahmed Vian 
Published: April 2015

Purpose– Sustainable construction project delivery should be supported by committed and inspirational leadership, with a clear understanding of the sustainability challenge. Construction organizations need intra-organizational leadership that provides the collective vision, strategy and direction towards the shared common goal of a sustainable future. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of intra-organizational leadership within UK construction organizations charged with the promotion of sustainability practices.Design/methodology/approach– The study adopts a mixed method approach with qualitative data collected through semi-structured interview with 15 leaders, followed by an industry-wide survey of 200 intra-organizational leaders in contractor and consultant organizations in the UK construction industry.Findings– The analysis of the data revealed that, the most important role of intra-organizational leadership in promoting sustainable construction practices is to formulate policies, implement procedures and disseminate best practices throughout the organization .Originality/value– Nothing has been written on intra-organizational leadership role in promoting sustainability practices in the construction industry. Although leadership and sustainability has been widely covered as separate issues this study provides the empirical evidence of the link between leadership and sustainability in construction.
General image of and beliefs about European food in two mainland Chinese cities
Authors: Wang Ou , Gellynck Xavier , Verbeke Wim 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to provide a picture of the current image and consumer beliefs of European food in mainland Chinese consumers’ minds.

Design/methodology/approach
– A web-based survey was conducted for data collection in December 2013 with 541 participants from two Chinese cities: Shanghai and Xi’an. The participants reported about the image of European food and characterized European food according to 14 items for product-related beliefs and 18 items for perceived profiles. Descriptive analysis, cluster analysis and partial least squares regression were employed for data analyses.

Findings
– Findings show that European food has a unanimously positive image among mainland Chinese consumers. Three consumer segments were distinguished based on attribute beliefs about European food: a positive-beliefs segment, a negative-beliefs segment and an unfamiliar segment. The characteristics of typical European food consumers were high income, having long overseas experience, having visited Europe or living in a big and developed city. In addition, “safe” and “upscale” were the most important attribute beliefs driving mainland Chinese consumers to have a positive image of European food; while “unfamiliar” and “sweet” were the most negative drivers of European food’s image.

Originality/value
– This is the first study to present information about consumer beliefs, general image and consumer segments in relation to European food in mainland China. These insights can help European food marketers to better understand mainland Chinese consumers and the current image of their products in mainland China so that they can develop effective marketing strategies for this huge and potential food market.
Willingness to purchase functional foods according to their benefits
Authors: Schnettler Berta , Miranda Horacio , Lobos German , Sepulveda Jose , Orellana Ligia , Mora Marcos , Grunert Klaus 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore differences in consumers’ willingness to purchase functional foods (FFs) in southern Chile in terms of socio-demographic characteristics, consumer knowledge, and subjective well-being.

Design/methodology/approach
– A survey was carried out among 400 people in southern Chile. The questionnaire measured willingness to buy FFs with 18 different benefits, knowledge about FFs, socio-demographic characteristics and satisfaction with life and with food-related life.

Findings
– Two dimensions were found for benefits sought in FFs: disease prevention and improvement of bodily functions. Cluster analysis was used to distinguish three types of consumers. The majority (59.8 per cent) showed a significant disposition to buy FFs that prevent diseases or improve bodily functions. Others (25.8 per cent) were less inclined to buy either type of FF. A minority (14.5 per cent) showed greater disposition to buy FFs which improve bodily functions. The types differ according to the size of family, presence and age of children at home, ethnic origin, education, socio-economic status, knowledge about FFs and satisfaction with life and food-related life.

Research limitations/implications
– This study was conducted in the context of only one country in South America. The results reveal a high interest to buy FFs in order to improve bodily functions, and this preference may be associated to lifestyle changes in the population in Latin American countries.

Originality/value
– This study provides information on the willingness to buy FFs and relates it to ethnic origin and satisfaction with food-related life. People from ethnic minorities are less inclined to buy FFs. People who are more inclined to buy FFs are more satisfied with their life and their food-related life.
Different or similar? Acceptability of aseptic-packaged cooked rice among consumers, researchers and experts
Authors: Kwak Han Sub , Kim Misook , Jeong Yoonhwa 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to compare the acceptance ratings and drivers of liking and disliking attributes of aseptic-packaged cooked rice by consumers, researchers and experts.

Design/methodology/approach
– Descriptive analysis (DA) was conducted using trained panelists. Acceptability was measured by consumers, researchers and experts. The results of DA and acceptability were analyzed using partial least square regression.

Findings
– There was no strong relationship among the three groups in their rating patterns for the samples (r=−0.342-0.445). The liking factors for each group were as follows: consumers (rice cake flavor and moisture), researchers (wet wood flavor and whiteness) and experts (wet wood flavor and size of rice). The disliking factors for each group were as follows: consumers (wet wood flavor and brown particle), researchers (moisture) and experts (old rice aroma). The consumers, researchers and experts seemed to have different acceptances and key descriptive attributes for aseptic-packaged cooked rice.

Research limitations/implications
– The consensus by researchers during the product development process required caution with regard to the fact that the evaluation by the researchers could be different from what consumers or experts prefer.

Practical implications
– Setting-up in-house panelists group would be minimized the discrepancy between consumers and researches.

Originality/value
– This study contributes to understanding of the acceptability by food researchers and comparing to consumers and experts for the first time in sensory field.
Neural network approach to understanding the children’s market
Authors: Haryanto Jony Oktavian , Silva Manuela , Moutinho Luiz 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– This study aims to explore the main features contributing towards the formation of brand loyalty among children, using a neural network topology.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper used an exploratory study using a semi-structured interviewed with children, psychologist and head of the school. This paper uses survey to collect data and analysed using artificial neural networks (ANNs).

Findings
– Several interesting insights emerge in respect of children’s consumer behavior and, in particular, the factors of emotional authenticity, brand partnerships, brand relationship, brand salience and brand personality in the priming of children’s brand loyalty emerge as important factors.

Research limitations/implications
– This research uses data from Indonesia which is considered as a developing country. Further research is required in the developed country context, as this may present different perspectives. Furthermore, the sample in this study consists of children aged between 10 and 12 years, but there are many age groups into which children can be divided, e.g. below 3 years; 3-5 years; 6-8 years; 9-12 years and even 13-15 years. Hence, future research needs to include these different groups of children to gain a more complete picture of the children’s market.

Practical implications
– A children’s market-driving strategy really should be related with the “grass roots” needs of the segment. Hence, marketers ought to spend two or three days in the company of children and continually update themselves in respect of what is happening in those children’s rapidly changing world. Additionally, marketers need to relate all their marketing activities to the building of autobiographical memory. All events, promotions and other marketing strategies should be integrated to ensure that autobiographical memory really underpins a future market as the children of the present become adults of the future.

Originality/value
– The study contributes to the existing literature and appreciation of the various factors and the inter-relationships between them that have relevance for product longevity in the children’s market.
Crafting the market for bottled water: a social praxeology approach
Authors: Brei Vinicius , Tadajewski Mark 
Published: April 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to account for the crafting of the constellation of brand and consumer values around an everyday product, that of bottled water. This paper situates the exponential growth of this market in its historical and cultural context, paying particular attention to the fostering of the “social conditions of possibility” for this product in the French market. The socio-historical context and the interplay of stakeholders to the respondents’ understanding and uses of bottled water, highlighting the importance of a range of factors that made this market and product resonate with their requirements, are linked.Design/methodology/approach– This account responds to the call for more engagement with social theory in marketing and consumer research (Brownlie and Hewer, 2011). It also connects with recent scholarly pleas for a displacement of the consumer from the center of our analytic attention (Askegaard and Linnet, 2011; Holt, 2012). It does so by using the social praxeology approach associated with Pierre Bourdieu to study the affirmation and sedimentation of the practices surrounding the consumption of bottled water in France.Findings– Influential institutional actors invoked discourses of purity, nature and health, juxtaposing these with the risks of tap water consumption. These were cemented by the influence of pediatricians who encouraged changes in family drinking habits which translated into long-term shifts in consumer behavior. By contrast to studies of different contexts, our respondents were greatly enamored by the materiality of the products themselves, using these in innovative ways for aesthetic pursuits. The social praxeology approach uncovers how brand and consumer value have been constructed in the French bottled water market.Research limitations/implications– This study is based on the historical development and growth of the market for bottled water in France. It would be a valuable exercise to investigate other contexts to determine whether the strategies of symbolic competition, especially the use of expert intermediaries rich in cultural capital that can be identified, are reflected elsewhere.Practical implications– Bottled water producers will have to confront the issue of the resource-intensiveness of their products. This feature stands in marked contrast to the symbolic capital and points of differentiation that producers have weaved around bottled water. Such contradictions will be exposed by actors in other fields (e.g. the environmental movement). This can be expected to have an impact on the consumption and viability of this market in future.Originality/value– This paper uses a philosophical framework – social praxeology – to chart the development, affirmation and exponential growth of the bottled water market. Via a combination of historical re-construction and empirical research, it highlights the interactive relationships between government, producers and consumers, uncovering brand and consumer value creation.
Loyalty card adoption in SME retailers: the impact upon marketing management
Authors: Hutchinson Karise , Donnell Lisa Victoria , Gilmore Audrey , Reid Andrea 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to understand how small to medium-sized enterprise (SME) retailers adopt and implement a loyalty card programme as a marketing management decision-making tool.

Design/methodology/approach
– A qualitative and longitudinal case study research design is adopted. Data were collected from multiple sources, incorporating semi-structured interviews and analysis of company documents and observation within a retail SME.

Findings
– The findings presented focus on the loyalty card adoption process to reflect both the organisational issues and impact upon marketing management decision-making.

Research limitations/implications
– This research is restricted to one region within the UK, investigating loyalty card adoption within a specific industry sector.

Practical implications
– SME retailers operate in an industry environment whereby there is a competitive demand for loyalty card programmes. SME retailers need to carefully consider how to match the firm’s characteristics with customer relationship management (CRM) operational requirements as highlighted in this case.

Originality/value
– The evidence presented extends current knowledge of retail loyalty card programmes beyond the context of large organisations to encompass SMEs. The study also illustrates the value of a structured, formal CRM system to help SME retailers compete in a complex, competitive and omni-channel marketplace, adding new insights into the retail literature.
Consumer reactions to professionals who use decision aids
Authors: Palmeira Mauricio , Spassova Gerri 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this study is to investigate consumer reactions to professionals who use decision aids to make recommendations. The authors propose that people react negatively to decision aids only when they are used in place of human expert judgment. When used in combination with expert judgment, decision aids are not perceived negatively and may even enhance service evaluations.

Design/methodology/approach
– Three online experiments are presented. Participants indicated their perceptions regarding the recommendation strategy of professionals and their impressions of these professionals using one of three strategies: one based on expertise only, one based on decision aids only and a combination of the two (hybrid approach). Both within and between-subjects designs were used.

Findings
– Contrary to previous research that has found a negative reaction to professionals who use decision aids, the authors find that consumers actually appreciate these professionals, as long as the use of decision aids does not replace expert judgment. The authors also find that when people are given the opportunity to compare a pure expert judgment approach with a hybrid approach (decision aid in combination with expert judgment), they prefer the latter.

Research limitations/implications
– Although findings should extend to various contexts, this research is limited to the three contexts examined and to the type of use of decision aid described.

Practical implications
– It has significant practical implication, as decision aids have been shown to improve decision accuracy, but previous research had indicated that consumers view these professionals in a negative way. The current research more clearly delineates the situations under which negative reactions are likely to occur and makes recommendations regarding circumstances in which reactions are actually quite positive.

Originality/value
– Reactions to professionals using decision aids have been investigated outside the marketing literature. However, this is the first work to show that consumers actually have positive reactions to professionals using decision aids, as long as they do not replace expert judgment.