bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hormone-sensing cells require Wip1 for paracrine stimulation in normal and premalignant mammary epithelium
Authors: Tarulli Gerard A , De Silva Duvini , Ho Victor , Kunasegaran Kamini , Ghosh Kakaly , Tan Bryan C , Bulavin Dmitry V , Pietersen Alexandra M 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Introduction
The molecular circuitry of different cell types dictates their normal function as well as their response to oncogene activation. For instance, mice lacking the Wip1 phosphatase (also known as PPM1D; protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1D) have a delay in HER2/neu (human epidermal growth factor 2), but not Wnt1-induced mammary tumor formation. This suggests a cell type-specific reliance on Wip1 for tumorigenesis, because alveolar progenitor cells are the likely target for transformation in the MMTV(mouse mammary tumor virus)-neu but not MMTV-wnt1 breast cancer model.

Methods
In this study, we used the Wip1-knockout mouse to identify the cell types that are dependent on Wip1 expression and therefore may be involved in the early stages of HER2/neu-induced tumorigenesis.

Results
We found that alveolar development during pregnancy was reduced in Wip1-knockout mice; however, this was not attributable to changes in alveolar cells themselves. Unexpectedly, Wip1 allows steroid hormone-receptor-positive cells but not alveolar progenitors to activate STAT5 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 5) in the virgin state. In the absence of Wip1, hormone-receptor-positive cells have significantly reduced transcription of RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand) and IGF2 (insulin-like growth factor 2), paracrine stimulators of alveolar development. In the MMTV-neu model, HER2/neu activates STAT5 in alveolar progenitor cells independent of Wip1, but HER2/neu does not override the defect in STAT5 activation in Wip1-deficient hormone-sensing cells, and paracrine stimulation remains attenuated. Moreover, ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) activation by HER2/neu in hormone-sensing cells is also Wip1 dependent.

Conclusions
We identified Wip1 as a potentiator of prolactin and HER2/neu signaling strictly in the molecular context of hormone-sensing cells. Furthermore, our findings highlight that hormone-sensing cells convert not only estrogen and progesterone but also prolactin signals into paracrine instructions for mammary gland development. The instructive role of hormone-sensing cells in premalignant development suggests targeting Wip1 or prolactin signaling as an orthogonal strategy for inhibiting breast cancer development or relapse.
The effect of adsorption and Knudsen diffusion on the steady-state permeability of microporous rocks
Authors: Allan Adam M. , Mavko Gary 
Published: January 2013

Microporous rocks are being increasingly researched as novel exploration and development technologies facilitate production of the reserves confined in the low-permeability reservoir. The ability to numerically estimate effective permeability is pivotal to characterizing the production capability of microporous reservoirs. In this study, a novel methodology is presented for estimating the steady-state effective permeability from FIB-SEM volumes. We quantify the effect of a static adsorbed monolayer and Knudsen diffusion on effective permeability as a function of pore pressure to better model production of microporous rock volumes. The adsorbed layer is incorporated by generating an effective pore geometry with a pore pressure-dependent layer of immobile voxels at the fluid-solid interface. Due to the steady-state nature of this study, surface diffusion within the adsorbed layer and topological variations of the layer within pores are neglected, potentially resulting in underestimation of effective permeability over extended production time periods. Knudsen diffusion and gas slippage is incorporated through computation of an apparent permeability that accounts for the rarefaction of the pore fluid. We determine that at syn-production pore pressures, permeability varies significantly as a function of the phase of the pore fluid. Simulation of methane transport in micropores indicates that, in the supercritical regime, the effect of Knudsen diffusion relative to adsorption is significantly reduced resulting in effective permeability values up to 10 nanodarcies ([Formula: see text]) less or 40% lower than the continuum prediction. Contrastingly, at subcritical pore pressures, the effective permeability is significantly greater than the continuum prediction due to rarefaction of the gas and the onset of Knudsen diffusion. For example, at 1 MPa, the effective permeability of the kerogen body is five times the continuum prediction. This study demonstrates the importance of, and provides a novel methodology for, incorporating noncontinuum effects in the estimation of the transport properties of microporous rocks.
Role of the Endothelial-Derived Endogenous Anti-Inflammatory Factor Del-1 in Inflammation-Mediated Adrenal Gland Dysfunction
Authors: Kanczkowski Waldemar , Chatzigeorgiou Antonios , Grossklaus Sylvia , Sprott David , Bornstein Stefan R. , Chavakis Triantafyllos 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Inflammation in the course of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or sepsis often results in dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. The adrenal gland is highly vascularized; thus, we hypothesized that endothelial dysfunction may actively participate in inflammation-related adrenal insufficiency. To address this hypothesis, we used the properties of developmental endothelial locus-1 (Del-1), which is an endothelial-derived anti-inflammatory factor that antagonizes integrin-dependent leukocyte adhesion. Here we identified that Del-1 is expressed in the adrenal gland and that its expression was down-regulated upon SIRS induction by systemic lipopolysaccharide administration. Furthermore, we observed increased leukocyte accumulation, inflammation, and higher apoptosis in the adrenal glands of Del-1–deficient mice as compared with wild-type mice. Strikingly, Del-1 deficiency was also associated with reduced corticosterone and ACTH levels 24 hours after lipopolysaccharide administration. Together, these data suggest that Del-1 may act as a gatekeeper of adrenal gland inflammation and may regulate the integrity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis stress response, thereby modulating adrenal (dys)function in the course of SIRS.
Laboring Above Ground: Indigenous Women in New Spain’s Silver Mining District, Zacatecas, Mexico, 1620–1770
Authors: Murillo Dana Velasco 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
This article considers the roles and experiences of indigenous women in the silver mining town of Zacatecas, Mexico, from the early seventeenth century through the late colonial period (1620–1770). Indigenous women of all ages and civil statuses migrated and settled in Zacatecas through the colonial period. Using Spanish sources, this article highlights the importance of their contributions to the production of silver and to the settlement of the city and its four Indian towns. It argues for a broader understanding of the labor involved in silver production to include activities performed outside the mines by women. Some of this work involved the preparation and distribution of goods and foodstuffs and basic housekeeping at mining haciendas, and women’s engagement with small-scale trade, market activities, and the management of properties in the city. Indian women also contributed to the vitality of the city and its Indian communities, migrating and settling in Zacatecas in large numbers even during periods of mining declines. Within these communities, episodes of high male absenteeism often left Indian women in charge of their households. As primary caretakers, they cared for their children and often used legal measures to protect them from abusive labor practices common to mining towns. Ultimately, this article argues that indigenous women’s roles above ground were as important as those performed by their male, silver-extracting counterparts below ground.
Lateral Flow Assay with Near-Infrared Dye for Multiplex Detection
Authors: Swanson Christina , D'Andrea Annalisa 
Published: January 2013

BACKGROUNDLateral flow assays (LFAs) are popular point-of-care diagnostic tools because they are rapid and easy to use. Nevertheless, they often lack analytical sensitivity and quantitative output and may be difficult to multiplex, limiting their usefulness in biomarker measurement. As a proof-of-concept study, we detail the design of a quantitative, multiplex LFA with readily available near-infrared (NIR) detection to improve analytical sensitivity.METHODSNIR dye was conjugated to selected antibodies and incorporated into LFAs. We used singleplex, optimized NIR-LFAs to measure interleukin (IL)-6 from 0 to 200 pg/mL and developed duplex assays to simultaneously measure IL-6 from 0 to 100 pg/mL (0 to 4.5 pmol/L) and C-reactive protein (CRP) from 50 to 2500 ng/mL (0.4 to 20 nmol/L) on a single test strip. Assays were tested on 60 different spiked samples and compared to ELISA results.RESULTSNIR-LFAs detected IL-6 in a 10% plasma matrix with a limit of detection of 4 pg/mL (182 fmol/L) and a CV &lt;7%. Duplex NIR-LFAs quantitatively measured IL-6 and CRP concentrations simultaneously. Values strongly correlated to ELISA measurements, with R2 values of 0.9825 and 0.9711 for IL-6 and CRP, respectively.CONCLUSIONSNIR-LFAs exhibit quantitative measurement at pg/mL concentrations owing to a high signal-to-BACKGROUND ratio and robust detection antibody clearance through the test strip. Moreover, NIR-LFAs are able to detect molecules present at vastly different concentrations in multiplex format and compare favorably to ELISAs. LFAs with direct NIR detection may be a valuable tool for biomarker evaluation in the point-of-care setting.
Transsutural Distraction and Tissue Regeneration of the Midfacial Skeleton: Experimental Studies in Growing Dogs
Authors: Yusheng Yao , Chengyue Wang , Zhiying Wang , Guijun Wang 
Published: January 2013

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different mechanical forces on the expansion of the palatine suture using transsutural distraction osteogenesis. Methods A total of 48 dogs were used in this study. The experimental groups were treated with a custom-designed internal distractor. Bone regeneration was determined with x-rays and histology. The computed values underwent statistical analyses using analysis of variance. Results The maxillary complex was most noticeably advanced with an applied mechanical force of 600 g (20.15 ± 1.36 mm), compared with forces of 400 g (19.88 ± 1.41 mm) and 800 g (2.24 ± 0.93 mm). Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and bone morphogenetic protein-4 fluctuated with different mechanical forces. These changes were statistically significant when 600 g of force was applied within 30 days of distraction ( P < .05). Conclusions Transsutural distraction osteogenesis in the growing dog should be safe and well tolerated in inducing bony lengthening of the maxilla, and the optimal force is 600 × g. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 and bone morphogenetic protein-4 may play an important roles in the signaling pathways that link mechanical forces and biological responses.
Publicly Funded Clinical Trials and the Future of Cancer Care
Authors: Schilsky Richard L. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Publicly sponsored trials, conducted primarily by cooperative groups sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, and commercially sponsored trials are necessary to create new knowledge, improve the care of oncology patients, and develop new drugs and devices. Commercial sponsors launch clinical trials that will result in drug approval, label extension, expansion of market share, and an increase in shareholder value. Conversely, publicly sponsored trials seek to optimize therapy for a particular disease, create new knowledge, and improve public health; these trials can also result in label extension of a drug and even in initial drug approval. Publicly sponsored trials may combine and/or compare drugs developed by different commercial sponsors, develop multimodality therapies (e.g., the combination of chemotherapy and radiation), or develop novel treatment schedules or routes of drug administration (e.g., intraperitoneal chemotherapy). Publicly sponsored trials are more likely to focus on therapies for rare diseases and to study survivorship and quality of life; these areas may not be a priority for commercial entities. Screening and prevention strategies have been developed almost exclusively by the public sector given the large sample size and long follow-up period needed to complete the trial and, therefore, the lack of short-term commercial gain. Finally, given the public nature of the funding, clinical investigators are expected to publish their results even if the outcomes are unfavorable for the investigational therapy. With the ongoing reorganization of the cooperative groups to form a national clinical trials network, opportunities exist to create a robust platform for biomarker discovery and validation through the expanded collection of well-annotated biospecimens obtained from clinical trial participants. Thus, publicly funded trials are vital to developing and refining new cancer treatments and disseminating results to the medical community and the general public.
Triclosan Blocks MMP‐13 Expression in Hormone‐Stimulated Osteoblasts
Authors: Barnes Virginia Monsul , Xu Tao , Shimizu Emi , Nakatani Teruyo , Jefcoat Steven , Vasilov Anatoliy , Qin Ling , Partridge Nicola C. 
Published: January 2013

Background: Matrix metalloproteinase‐13 (MMP‐13) is an important enzyme for the modulation of bone turnover and gingival recession. Elevated levels of MMP‐13 are associated with alveolar bone resorption, periodontal ligament breakdown, and gingival attachment loss, which are the clinical symptoms of periodontal disease. Evidence continues to suggest that periodontal disease contributes to oral tissue breakdown and is linked to numerous systemic conditions. Triclosan (TCN) is a long‐standing, proven antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory agent found in the only Food and Drug Administration–approved dentifrice for the treatment of plaque and gingivitis.Methods: This study examines the inhibitory effects of TCN on lipopolysaccharide‐, parathyroid hormone (PTH)‐, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)‐induced expression of MMP‐13 in UMR 106‐01 cells, an osteoblastic osteosarcoma cell line. The cells were stimulated with PTH or PGE2 to induce MMP‐13 mRNA expression, and real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine gene expression levels. Western blot analysis assessed the presence or absence of protein degradation or inhibition of protein synthesis. MMP‐13 promoter reporter assay was used to explore possible direct effects of TCN on the MMP‐13 promoter.Results: TCN significantly reduced PTH or PGE2 elevated expression of MMP‐13 in osteoblastic cells without affecting basal levels of the mRNA. Surprisingly, TCN enhanced the expression of c‐fos and amphiregulin mRNA. A promoter assay indicated that TCN directly inhibits the activation of the PTH‐responsive minimal promoter of MMP‐13.Conclusion: The present study appears to have identified a nuclear mechanism of action of TCN that accounts for the ability of TCN to inhibit PTH‐ or PGE2‐induced MMP‐13 expression in osteoblastic cells.
Auditor Business Process Analysis and Linkages among Auditor Risk Judgments
Authors: Kochetova-Kozloski Natalia , Kozloski Thomas M. , Messier William F. 
Published: January 2013

SUMMARY:
This research note examines whether auditors “link” their entity-level risk assessments to their core business process risk assessments. For auditors who performed a business process analysis of the core business process, there is a positive association between the identification of significant process-level business risks and the identification of significant business risks at the entity level. We also find that performing a business process analysis leads to higher assessments of the risk of material misstatement at the process level. With respect to the linkages between risk-related judgments, we find that auditors link their assessments of misstatement risk at the process level to similar assessments at the entity level, while taking into account significant process-level risks.
Data Availability: The data are available from the first author upon request.
Changes in melt season characteristics on Devon Ice Cap, Canada, and their association with the Arctic atmospheric circulation
Authors: Gascon Gabrielle , Sharp Martin , Bush Andrew 
Published: January 2013

AbstractUsing June–August surface meteorological measurements for 2004–10 we found that the duration of the summer melt season at elevations of 1800, 1300 and 1000 m a.s.l. on Devon Ice Cap, Canada, increased at a rate of 3.4 (p< 0.1; weak significance), 6.1 (p< 0.01) and 8.8 (p< 0.05) days a−1, respectively. The calculated surface melt rate at 1300m a.s.l. increased from 74 to 133 cm w.e. a−1between 2007 and 2010. These changes are linked to two types of change in the Arctic atmospheric circulation. Strengthening of the 500 hPa ridge over the Arctic in June–July resulted in increases in both the advection of warm air into the region and the occurrence of cloud-free conditions over the ice cap, causing the available melt energy to increase by 4–24% relative to June–July 2007–10 mean conditions. More frequent southwesterly low-pressure systems in August after 2004 accounted for a 12–38% increase in available melt energy relative to the August 2007–10 daily mean due to advection of warm air into the Arctic, reduced incoming shortwave radiation and increased net longwave radiation. This delayed the timing of freeze-up by an average of 5.5 days a–1 (p< 0.05) at the three sites over 2004–10.
Soigner l'ennemi
Authors: Ouss Lisa 
Published: January 2013

Résumé A partir de notre expérience en psychiatrie humanitaire, nous poserons la question de la possibilité de « soigner l’ennemi ». Après un bref rappel de la notion d’ennemi, nous questionnerons la pertinence de ce concept en pratique humanitaire à travers les questions de neutralité, exil, altérité. La revue de la littérature en matière de soin psychique des auteurs de barbarie est très pauvre, attestant à la fois de la nécessité et la difficulté à penser cette question. Nous tenterons enfin de donner quelques pistes de réflexion aux questions : pourquoi soigner les responsables d’actes barbares, qui le peut et comment ?
Pourquoi parlons-nous ?
Authors: Papart Jean-Pierre , Heggerickx Isabelle 
Published: January 2013

Résumé L’article passe en revue les principaux résultats des recherches éthologiques concernant les déterminants de l’agressivité d’une part et du lien social d’autre part, pour les confronter aux inférences théoriques en relation avec la mécanique victimaire explorée à travers l’œuvre philosophique de René Girard. Les humains, à l’instar des autres espèces animales, ont recours aux mécanismes d’agressivité et de tiers/victimisation pour assurer leur survie. Pareillement, le geste agressif est à l’origine du rituel de communication ; l’acte sacrificiel est un signe où la victime est le signifiant qui renvoie, par métaphore et métonymie, à un ensemble de signifiés.
Le temps du passage : exister pour vivre. L'entre-deux chez les Ticuna d'Amazonie
Authors: Goulard Jean-Pierre 
Published: January 2013

Résumé Les rites de passage marquent le franchissement des classes d’âge. Cependant, peu d’intérêt a été porté jusqu’à présent aux périodes qui leur succèdent. L’auteur s’intéresse ici plus spécialement au temps qui suit les rites de puberté. La mise en parallèle d’observations réalisées dans le cadre de la maison plurifamiliale traditionnelle indigène et dans celui du village, qui est aujourd’hui en contact permanent avec le monde extérieur, le conduit à dégager des schèmes de la pratique similaires concernant l’initiation dans ces deux espaces. Il montre comment une société amazonienne « doit prendre en compte le fait de l’efficacité symbolique des rites d’institution » (Bourdieu 1986 : 208) pour perdurer.
Week-end à Sidi-Moussa
Authors: Diatkine Gilbert 
Published: January 2013

Résumé	Le Centre de consultation et de psychothérapie de Sidi Moussa, dans la Mitidja, à 60 km d’Alger, a été ouvert pour les survivants des massacres terribles qui se sont produits dans cette région, qui a été une place forte des terroristes pendant plusieurs années. Grâce à une préparation soigneuse, et à l’expérience acquise par une Organisation Non Gouvernementale qui a financé des expériences semblables dans d’autres pays, le Centre a tout de suite su gagner la confiance des survivants. Ce sont d’abord les enfants qui ont été amenés par les mères, puis les mères ont consulté elles-mêmes, et plus récemment les pères ou les fils ont commencé à venir. Malgré la gravité des traumatismes subis, l’équipe du Centre a réussi à créer les conditions d’un véritable travail psychothérapique, individuel et de groupe.
À propos de Henri Collomb (1913-1979) : de la psychiatrie coloniale à une psychiatrie sans frontières
Authors: Boussat Stéphane , Boussat Michel 
Published: January 2013

Résumé Henri Collomb fut le fondateur à l’hôpital de Fann à Dakar d’une école de psychiatrie qui parmi les premières tenta de mettre en pratique les fondements d’une approche anthropologique de la folie. S’appuyant sur l’enseignement reçu des guérisseurs africains dont il se fit l’élève, l’œuvre de Collomb visait à la réhabilitation sociale du malade mental et au développement de structures de soins originales en lieu et place de l’asile, dans la reconnaissance et le respect de la culture de ses patients. C’est cette « psychiatrie sans frontières », aux antipodes de la « psychiatrie coloniale », qui est présentée ici.
Psychiatrie occidentale et traditions antillaises. Les difficultés de l'élaboration diagnostique
Authors: Moustache Honoré 
Published: January 2013

Résumé Des diagnostics psychopathologiques de patientes présumées hystériques par l’institution psychiatrique permettent à l’auteur d’ouvrir un questionnement qui interroge les éléments cliniques rapprochant et opposant dans un double mouvement, les crises de possessions vaudouesques et les désordres nerveux de type hystériforme en milieu caribéen. A travers une analyse ethnologique et psychanalytique, le débat met l’accent sur une phénoménologie, qui tient compte d’un contexte culturel et historique caractérisé par la traite, l’esclavage et la domination coloniale, mais aussi d’un double système de croyances et des représentations locales communément admises par le groupe. Pour étayer l’argument, l’investigation reconsidère l’éventail des alternatives à l’intérieur desquelles évolue l’individu ; elle soutient l’hypothèse de la recherche des matériaux psychologiques qui participent de la construction à la fois du normal et du pathologique, ce qui permet d’éviter l’amalgame entre le biographique et le typique.
Le sevrage, une séparation ritualisée au Sénégal
Authors: Reveyrand-Coulon Odile 
Published: January 2013

Résumé L’importance du sevrage du sein de la mère en Afrique noire – au Sénégal – brutal et bref, tient à deux phénomènes concomitants. D’une part parce qu’il constitue la séparation prototypique, d’autre part parce qu’il déclenche un traumatisme récupéré culturellement au travers d’un rituel, ce type de sevrage a une fonction stimulatrice psychique. Le rituel « du pain et du marabout » et les conduites groupales attenantes – inscription de l’enfant dans la communauté des pairs – montre, si besoin était encore, que le biologique ne suffit pas et que la construction psychique en passe par la culture.