bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alternative splicing regulates the expression of G9A and SUV39H2 methyltransferases, and dramatically changes SUV39H2 functions
Authors: Mauger Oriane , Klinck Roscoe , Chabot Benoit , Muchardt Christian , Allemand Eric , Batsché Eric 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Alternative splicing is the main source of proteome diversity. Here, we have investigated how alternative splicing affects the function of two human histone methyltransferases (HMTase): G9A and SUV39H2. We show that exon 10 in G9A and exon 3 in SUV39H2 are alternatively included in a variety of tissues and cell lines, as well as in a different species. The production of these variants is likely tightly regulated because both constitutive and alternative splicing factors control their splicing profiles. Based on this evidence, we have assessed the link between the inclusion of these exons and the activity of both enzymes. We document that these HMTase genes yield several protein isoforms, which are likely issued from alternative splicing regulation. We demonstrate that inclusion of SUV39H2 exon 3 is a determinant of the stability, the sub-nuclear localization, and the HMTase activity. Genome-wide expression analysis further revealed that alternative inclusion of SUV39H2 exon 3 differentially modulates the expression of target genes. Our data also suggest that a variant of G9A may display a function that is independent of H3K9 methylation. Our work emphasizes that expression and function of genes are not collinear; therefore alternative splicing must be taken into account in any functional study.
A minimal ubiquitous chromatin opening element (UCOE) effectively prevents silencing of juxtaposed heterologous promoters by epigenetic remodeling in multipotent and pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Müller-Kuller Uta , Ackermann Mania , Kolodziej Stephan , Brendel Christian , Fritsch Jessica , Lachmann Nico , Kunkel Hana , Lausen Jörn , Schambach Axel , Moritz Thomas , Grez Manuel 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Epigenetic silencing of transgene expression represents a major obstacle for the efficient genetic modification of multipotent and pluripotent stem cells. We and others have demonstrated that a 1.5 kb methylation-free CpG island from the human HNRPA2B1-CBX3 housekeeping genes (A2UCOE) effectively prevents transgene silencing and variegation in cell lines, multipotent and pluripotent stem cells, and their differentiated progeny. However, the bidirectional promoter activity of this element may disturb expression of neighboring genes. Furthermore, the epigenetic basis underlying the anti-silencing effect of the UCOE on juxtaposed promoters has been only partially explored. In this study we removed the HNRPA2B1 moiety from the A2UCOE and demonstrate efficient anti-silencing properties also for a minimal 0.7 kb element containing merely the CBX3 promoter. This DNA element largely prevents silencing of viral and tissue-specific promoters in multipotent and pluripotent stem cells. The protective activity of CBX3 was associated with reduced promoter CpG-methylation, decreased levels of repressive and increased levels of active histone marks. Moreover, the anti-silencing effect of CBX3 was locally restricted and when linked to tissue-specific promoters did not activate transcription in off target cells. Thus, CBX3 is a highly attractive element for sustained, tissue-specific and copy-number dependent transgene expression in vitro and in vivo.
Long-Term Care Facilities Are Reservoirs for Antimicrobial-Resistant Sequence Type 131 Escherichia coli
Authors: Burgess Mary J. , Johnson James R. , Porter Stephen B. , Johnston Brian , Clabots Connie , Lahr Brian D. , Uhl James R. , Banerjee Ritu 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Background.  Emerging data implicate long-term care facilities (LTCFs) as reservoirs of fluoroquinolone-resistant (FQ-R) Escherichia coli of sequence type 131 (ST131). We screened for ST131 among LTCF residents, characterized isolates molecularly, and identified risk factors for colonization.
Methods.  We conducted a cross-sectional study using a single perianal swab or stool sample per resident in 2 LTCFs in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from April to July 2013. Confirmed FQ-R E. coli isolates underwent polymerase chain reaction-based phylotyping, detection of ST131 and its H30 and H30-Rx subclones, extended virulence genotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. Epidemiological data were collected from medical records.
Results.  Of 133 fecal samples, 33 (25%) yielded FQ-R E. coli, 32 (97%) of which were ST131. The overall proportion with ST131 intestinal colonization was 32 of 133 (24%), which differed by facility: 17 of 41 (42%) in facility 1 vs 15 of 92 (16%) in facility 2 (P = .002). All ST131 isolates represented the H30 subclone, with virulence gene and PFGE profiles resembling those of previously described ST131 clinical isolates. By PFGE, certain isolates clustered both within and across LTCFs. Multivariable predictors of ST131 colonization included inability to sign consent (odds ratio [OR], 4.16 [P = .005]), decubitus ulcer (OR, 4.87 [ P = .04]), and fecal incontinence (OR, 2.59 [P = .06]).
Conclusions.  Approximately one fourth of LTCF residents carried FQ-R ST131 E. coli resembling ST131 clinical isolates. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis suggested intra- and interfacility transmission. The identified risk factors suggest that LTCF residents who require increased nursing care are at greatest risk for ST131 colonization, possibly due to healthcare-associated transmission.
Effect of Lateral Tilt Angle on the Volume of the Abdominal Aorta and Inferior Vena Cava in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women Determined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Higuchi Hideyuki , Takagi Shunichi , Zhang Kan , Furui Ikue , Ozaki Makoto 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAbstract
In 10 singleton parturients at term without anesthesia, the aorta at the mid- to upper lumbar disk levels was not compressed, although the inferior vena cava was. Tilt of 30°, but not 15°, partially relieved the inferior vena caval compression.

Background:
Left-lateral tilt position is used to reduce assumed aortocaval compression by the pregnant uterus.

Methods:
Magnetic resonance images of 10 singleton parturients at full term and 10 healthy nonpregnant women were obtained for measurement of the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava volume between the L1–L2 disk and L3–L4 disk levels in both the supine and left-lateral tilt positions (15°, 30°, and 45°) maintained by insertion of a 1.5-m-long polyethylene foam placed under the right side of the parturient’s body.

Results:
Aortic volume did not differ significantly between parturients and nonpregnant women in the supine position (12.7 ± 2.0 vs.12.6 ± 2.1 ml, mean ± SD; mean difference, –0.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], −2.0 to 1.9; P = 0.95). Inferior vena cava volume in the supine position was significantly lower in parturients than in nonpregnant women (3.2 ± 3.4 vs.17.5 ± 7.8 ml; mean difference, 14.3; 95% CI, 8.3–20.2; P < 0.001). Aortic volume in parturients did not differ among left-lateral tilt positions. Inferior vena cava volume in the parturients was not increased at 15° (3.0 ± 2.1 ml; mean difference, −0.2; 95% CI, −1.5 to 1.2; P > 0.99), but was significantly increased at 30° (11.5 ± 8.6 ml; mean difference, 8.3; 95% CI, 2.3–14.2; P = 0.009) and 45° (10.9 ± 6.8 ml; mean difference, 7.7; 95% CI, 2.2–13.1; P = 0.015).

Conclusions:
In parturients, the aorta was not compressed, and a 15° left-lateral tilt position did not effectively reduce inferior vena cava compression.
Strategic talent development interventions: an analysis
Authors: Panda Sunita , Sahoo Chandan Kumar 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to attempt to test a model of talent development interventions and find out the various factors which actually impact the process in a manufacturing concern.

Design/methodology/approach
– Multiple regression analysis is used to analyse the data and find the extent to which the variables considered are significant predictors of talent development. Primary data are collected from the respondents (executives) of two manufacturing units with the help of a structured questionnaire. A sample size of 200 is considered for extraction of data for the study.

Findings
– The results of the study highlight that six of the independent variables significantly predict the dependent variable. This paper identifies the most important factors which are found to be pivotal for the development of talent in the organizations considered for the study.

Practical implications
– Managing talent in the present competitive business scenario is one of the most vital issues in which HR professionals/practitioners are involved. It becomes imperative for top management to know about the various ways which can aid in proper development of talent. This paper empirically identifies the various strategic interventions which aid in the proper development of talent in manufacturing sector.

Originality/value
– While there are many papers tracing the talent development process and the various strategic interventions, there is a dearth of empirical research being done in this field in the manufacturing sector. This paper attempts to explore the developmental interventions in the manufacturing sector and adds new insights on an empirical basis.
Diversity & Inclusion and innovation: a virtuous cycle
Authors: Steele Rebekah , Derven Marjorie 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to clarify the reciprocal relationship between Diversity and Inclusion (D&I) and innovation to demonstrate how each may be effectively leveraged for the benefit of the other to help businesses grow. The paper aims to expand the discussion around the relationship between D&I and innovation by exploring not only how D&I can be leveraged for better outcomes in innovation, but also how innovation can be leveraged for better outcomes in D&I.Design/methodology/approach– This paper explores insights from researchers and practitioners, case examples, and the authors’ professional experiences, opinions and interpretations.Findings– Set in the context of current challenges facing business leaders, the paper provides insights, recommendations and case examples about how D&I can be leveraged to bring about innovative products, services and business solutions. It also discusses factors limiting success in the field of D&I calling for innovative approaches that can deliver better outcomes. A set of recommendations and case examples of next generation D&I practices is followed by an example methodology demonstrating value in fostering innovative D&I strategies and results.Research limitations/implications– Researchers and practitioners are encouraged to explore and test the proposals further.Practical implications– The paper suggests opportunities for the development of more effective approaches to leveraging D&I for innovation, and leveraging innovation for D&I to help businesses succeed.Originality/value– This paper highlights a novel opportunity to examine the reciprocity in the interplay between innovation and D&I and broaden the typically unilateral view of this relationship.
An investigation of the effects of product recalls on brand commitment and purchase intention
Authors: Byun Kyung-Ah , Dass Mayukh 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to examine how product recalls affect brand commitment and post-recall purchase intention.Design/methodology/approach– The role of consumer and product recall characteristics based on attribution theory is tested using data collected through experiments and analyzed using a type of finite mixture model.Findings– Results indicate varying effects of product recalls on commitment across these four customer groups and a strong effect of affective commitment on post-recall purchase behavior.Originality/value– This paper proposes four types of consumers based on dichotomous levels of affective and calculative commitment, namely, Hard Cores, Don’t-Cares, Lovers and Rationalists, and shows how product recalls affect these consumer groups differently, and how this information assists brand managers in developing post-product recall consumer management strategies.
Psychopathy, gang membership, and moral disengagement among juvenile offenders
Authors: Dhingra Katie , Debowska Agata , Sharratt Kathryn , Hyland Philip , Kola-Palmer Susanna 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of psychopathy factors and gang membership on moral disengagement while controlling for age, ethnicity, having run away from home, family member and/or friend arrests, substance misuse, parental physical fights, violence exposure (victimization and witnessing), and maternal warmth and hostility.

Design/methodology/approach
– The research is based on data collected from serious juvenile offenders (n=769) as part of the Pathways to Desistance Study.

Findings
– Six independent variables made a unique statistically significant contribution to the model: gang membership, age, gender, violence exposure, and psychopathy Factors 1 and 2. Psychopathy Factor 1 was the strongest predictor of moral disengagement.

Originality/value
– Results indicate that youth with heightened psychopathic traits make greater use of strategies to rationalize and justify their harmful behaviour against others. Implications in relation to theory and previous studies are discussed.
How the evolution of science will transform business schools
Authors: Vazquez Sampere Juan Pablo 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The ambiguous response of business schools to responsible management education (RME) is part of a larger problem which is rooted in how science evolves. The purpose of this paper is to explain how the consolidation of causal-based research in management will produce much more effective theories and teaching materials. Therefore business schools will then have to seriously engage in strong RME practices to prevent scandals from happening and to consolidate management as a profession.

Design/methodology/approach
– In total, two models are introduced and explained. First, a comprehensive methodology for theory building that controls for causality and delivers clear and actionable results. Second, a model that depicts the three stages of interactions between variables (relationship, contingency and causality).

Findings
– New causal-based research methods are starting to emerge that explain when a particular event will occur and how to “cause” for it to happen.

Social implications
– Business schools are not responsible of the current economic crisis. But if they do not find a way to introduce RME practices before the advent of causal-based research their reputation might be severely damaged during the next one.

Originality/value
– As many other business school innovations, the first group of business schools that pioneer causal-based research will not only deliver on the promise of RME but also introduce the new generation of successful, relevant and actionable new managerial practices.
Using transcranial magnetic stimulation to quantify electrophysiological changes following concussive brain injury: A systematic review
Authors: Major Brendan P , Rogers Mark A , Pearce Alan J 
Published: January 2015

SummaryMild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and sports concussion are a growing public health concern, with increasing demands for more rigorous methods to quantify changes in the brain post‐injury. Electrophysiology, and in particular, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), have been demonstrated to provide prognostic value in a range of neurological conditions; however, no review has quantified the efficacy of TMS in mTBI/concussion. In the present study, we present a systematic review and critical evaluation of the scientific literature from 1990 to 2014 that has used TMS to investigate corticomotor excitability responses at short‐term (< 12 months), medium‐term (1–5 years), and long‐term (> 5 years) post‐mTBI/concussion. Thirteen studies met the selection criteria, with six studies presenting short‐term changes, five studies presenting medium‐term changes, and two studies presenting long‐term changes. Irrespective of time post‐concussion, change in intracortical inhibition was the most reported observation. Other findings included increased stimulation threshold, and slowed neurological conduction time. Although currently limited, the data suggest that TMS has prognostic value in detecting neurophysiological changes post‐mTBI/concussion.
Regulation of RYR2 by sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+
Authors: Zhang Joe Z , Waddell Helen MM , Jones Peter P 
Published: January 2015

SummaryCa2+ is arguably the most important ion involved in the contraction of the heart. The cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2), the major Ca2+ release channel located in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membrane, is responsible for releasing the bulk of Ca2+ required for contraction. Moreover, RyR2 is also crucial for maintaining SR Ca2+ homeostasis by releasing Ca2+ from the SR when it becomes overloaded with Ca2+. During normal contraction, RyR2 is activated by cytosolic Ca2+, whereas during store overload conditions, the opening of RyR2 is governed by SR Ca2+. Although the process of the cytosolic control of RyR2 is well established, the molecular mechanism by which SR luminal Ca2+ regulates RyR2 has only recently been elucidated and remains controversial. In addition to the activation of RyR2, SR luminal Ca2+ also determines when the RyR2 channel closes. RyR2‐mediated Ca2+ release from the SR does not continue until the SR is completely depleted. Rather, it ceases when SR luminal Ca2+ falls below a certain level. Given the importance of SR Ca2+, it is not surprising that the SR luminal Ca2+ level is tightly controlled by SR Ca2+‐buffering proteins. Consequently, the opening and closing of RyR2 is heavily influenced by the presence of such proteins, particularly those associated with RyR2, such as calsequestrin and the histidine‐rich Ca2+‐binding protein. These proteins appear to indirectly alter RyR2 activity by modifying the microdomain SR Ca2+ level surrounding RyR2.
Morphological and molecular identification ofConilepia nigricosta, new toKorea, andLithosia quadrawith their phylogenetic placements within tribe lithosiina (Lepidoptera:Erebidae:Arctiinae)
Authors: Lee Ga‐Eun , Han Taeman , Park Haechul , Kim Joon‐Bum 
Published: January 2015

AbstractConilepia nigricosta(Leech 1888) is very similar toLithosia quadrain the superficial appearance of females. We re‐examined their morphologies and analyzed theirDNAbarcode regions to assess their taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationships with other related genera. Our morphological study confirmed the diagnostic value of the wing venation and the genital structures in both sexes. Our analyses withDNAbarcodes showed sufficient genetic divergences ranging from 6.21% to 7.16% between those two species. The phylogenetic relationship using the barcoding region for the members belonging to lithosiina showed thatConilepiaandLithosiaare suggested as having strong monophyly compared to other genera.
Research on Early Warning of Food Security Using a System Dynamics Model: Evidence from Jiangsu Province in China
Authors: Xu Jianling , Ding Yi 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAnalyzing the early warning of food security, this paper sets the self‐sufficiency rate as the principal indicator in a standpoint of supplement. It is common to use the quantitative methods to forecast and warning the insecurity. However, this paper considers more about the probable outcome when the government intervenes. By constructing the causal feedbacks among grain supplement, demand, productive input, and the policy factors to simulate the future food security in Jiangsu province, conclusions can be drawn as the following: (1) The situation of food security is insecure if the self‐sufficiency rate is under 68.3% according to the development of system inertia. (2) it is difficult to guarantee the food security in Jiangsu just depending on the increase of grain sown area. (3) The valid solution to ensure the food security in Jiangsu is to improve the productivity.
Mesenchymal stem cells transplantation for systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Liang Jun , Sun Lingyun 
Published: January 2015

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells are a rare subset of stem cells residing in the bone marrow where they closely interact with hematopoietic stem cells and support their growth and differentiation. They can suppress proliferation or functions of many immune cells such as T cells, B cells, natural killer cells and dendritic cells. Recently, a substantial progress has been made in the field of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. Experimental and clinical data suggest that this therapy has been a promising strategy for severe and refractory systemic lupus erythematosus.
Measurement errors should always be incorporated in phylogenetic comparative analysis
Authors: Silvestro Daniele , Kostikova Anna , Litsios Glenn , Pearman Peter B. , Salamin Nicolas 
Published: January 2015

Summary

The evolution of continuous traits is the central component of comparative analyses in phylogenetics, and the comparison of alternative models of trait evolution has greatly improved our understanding of the mechanisms driving phenotypic differentiation. Several factors influence the comparison of models, and we explore the effects of random errors in trait measurement on the accuracy of model selection.

We simulate trait data under a Brownian motion model (BM) and introduce different magnitudes of random measurement error. We then evaluate the resulting statistical support for this model against two alternative models: Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (OU) and accelerating/decelerating rates (ACDC).

Our analyses show that even small measurement errors (10%) consistently bias model selection towards erroneous rejection of BM in favour of more parameter‐rich models (most frequently the OU model). Fortunately, methods that explicitly incorporate measurement errors in phylogenetic analyses considerably improve the accuracy of model selection.

Our results call for caution in interpreting the results of model selection in comparative analyses, especially when complex models garner only modest additional support.

Importantly, as measurement errors occur in most trait data sets, we suggest that estimation of measurement errors should always be performed during comparative analysis to reduce chances of misidentification of evolutionary processes.