bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The septin cytoskeleton is required for plasma membrane repair
Authors: Prislusky M Isabella , Lam Jonathan G T , Contreras Viviana Ruiz , Ng Marilynn , Chamberlain Madeline , Pathak-Sharma Sarika , Fields Madalyn , Zhang Xiaoli , Amer Amal O , Seveau Stephanie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPlasma membrane repair is a fundamental homeostatic process of eukaryotic cells. Here, we report a new function for the conserved cytoskeletal proteins known as septins in the repair of cells perforated by pore-forming toxins or mechanical disruption. Using a silencing RNA screen, we identified known repair factors (e.g. annexin A2, ANXA2) and novel factors such as septin 7 (SEPT7) that is essential for septin assembly. Upon plasma membrane injury, the septin cytoskeleton is extensively redistributed to form submembranous domains arranged as knob and loop structures containing F-actin, myosin IIA, S100A11, and ANXA2. Formation of these domains is Ca2+-dependent and correlates with plasma membrane repair efficiency. Super-resolution microscopy revealed that septins and F-actin form intertwined filaments associated with ANXA2. Depletion of SEPT7 prevented ANXA2 recruitment and formation of submembranous actomyosin domains. However, ANXA2 depletion had no effect on domain formation. Collectively, our data support a novel septin-based mechanism for resealing damaged cells, in which the septin cytoskeleton plays a key structural role in remodeling the plasma membrane by promoting the formation of SEPT/F-actin/myosin IIA/ANXA2/S100A11 repair domains.
Low-dose alcohol exacerbates hyperdynamic circulation and shunting in non-alcoholic cirrhotic rats
Authors: Pun Chon Kit , Huang Hui-Chun , Chang Ching-Chih , Hsu Shao-Jung , Chuang Chiao-Lin , Huang Yi-Hsiang , Hou Ming-Chih , Lee Fa-Yauh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background: Portal hypertension affects hepatic, splanchnic and portosystemic collateral systems. Although alcohol is a well-known risk factor for liver cirrhosis, it also affects vascular contractility. However, the relevant effects on portal hypertension have not been evaluated in non-alcoholic cirrhosis. The present study aimed to investigate the impacts of low-dose alcohol on portal hypertension-related derangements in non-alcoholic cirrhotic rats.
Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats received bile duct ligation to induce cirrhosis or sham operation as controls. The chronic or acute effects of low-dose alcohol (2.4 g/kg/day, oral gavage, approximately 1.3 drinks/day in humans) were evaluated.
Results: The chronic administration of low-dose alcohol did not precipitate liver fibrosis in the sham or cirrhotic rats; however, it significantly increased splanchnic blood inflow (P=0.034) and portosystemic collaterals (P=0.001). Mesenteric angiogenesis and pro-angiogenic proteins were up-regulated in the alcohol-treated cirrhotic rats, and poorer collateral vasoresponsiveness to vasoconstrictors (P&lt;0.001) was noted. Consistently, acute alcohol administration reduced splenorenal shunt resistance. Collateral vasoresponsiveness to vasoconstrictors also significantly decreased (P=0.003).
Conclusions: In non-alcoholic cirrhosis rats, a single dose of alcohol adversely affected portosystemic collateral vessels due to vasodilatation. Long-term alcohol use precipitated splanchnic hyperdynamic circulation, in which mesenteric angiogenesis played a role. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the benefits of avoiding low-dose alcohol consumption in patients with non-alcoholic cirrhosis.
Asymmetric Organocatalytic Benzylation of Morita–Baylis–Hillman Carbonates with 2,4-Dinitrotoluene Derivatives
Authors: Wu Yu-Da , Huang Bo-Wei , Han Jeng-Liang , Chen Yu-Chun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe organocatalytic asymmetric benzylation of Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) carbonates with 2,4-dinitrotoluene derivatives as nucleophiles is described. The developed reaction provides a straightforward access to functionalized 2,4-dinitrotoluene derivatives of biological and synthetic relevance. Highly functionalized products have been chemoselectively and efficiently obtained in good to high yields (up to 84%) and with excellent stereoselectivity (up to >20:1 dr, >99 ee).
Efficient Oxidation with Singlet Oxygen from 5,10,15,20-Tetraphenylporphyrin under Blue LED Irradiation and Air Atmosphere: Simplified Preparation of Key Building Blocks for Natural Product Synthesis
Authors: Hasumi Masato , Tsutsumi Tomohiro , Hayakawa Ichiro , Shikama Daiki 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA method for preparing important building blocks for natural product synthesis has been developed using singlet oxygen generated from 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin under blue LED irradiation. Using this method, the allylic oxidation of dicyclopentadiene proceeded smoothly in air atmosphere with an 87% yield. The conditions, using TPP under blue LED irradiation, were expanded to include the oxidation of cyclopentadiene. The approach offers a simple and cost-effective method of synthesizing important building blocks for natural product synthesis.
Urgent action needed: addressing the regulatory gap in e-cigarette trade and usage
Authors: Izquierdo-Condoy Juan S. , Ortiz-Prado Esteban 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTobacco use is associated with serious health problems. Global efforts, such as the World Health Organization’s Framework for Tobacco Control, have reduced tobacco use, but challenges remain. Initially perceived as aids for smoking cessation, e-cigarettes have gained popularity among young people and non-smokers. Government approaches to regulating e-cigarettes range from treating them like tobacco, requiring a prescription for their use to outright bans. Although touted as a valuable alternative, evidence suggests that increased e-cigarette use carries potential direct and indirect health risks, necessitating urgent regulatory measures on a global scale. Lack of defined and uniform regulations poses substantial public health risks, compounded by marketing targeting vulnerable groups. Immediate interventions, public awareness, and research are essential to effectively control the current e-cigarette epidemic.
Predictors of the prevalence and importance of the observed trinary control system in rural China
Authors: Jiang Shanhe , Zhang Dawei , Irwin Darrell D. , Jiang Xin , Zhao Yichen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWestern criminological literature continues to focus on the binary control system (formal vs. informal), while China has long employed the trinary system (formal, semiformal, and informal) in its construction of social control. China scholars have investigated the prevalence and importance of the trinary control system as a key to understanding social control. However, there is a lack of research on their predictors. The current study aims at investigating the correlates of the prevalence and importance of the observed trinary control system in rural China. Using the sample data of 2343 respondents collected from 164 villages in rural China, the study found that both individual and village factors were the predictors of the prevalence of the observed controls exerted by village committees, a measure of semiformal control, and police, a measure of formal control, in maintaining community social order. Findings included the reported prevalence of four control mechanisms as significant predictors of their importance in community order maintenance. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Bridging knowledge gaps for the conservation and management of a ‘Data Deficient’, diadromous fish: the Indo-Pacific tarpon, Megalops cyprinoides
Authors: Das Judith , Shanmughan Ashna , Dahanukar Neelesh , Raghavan Rajeev , Ranjeet K. 
Published: July 2024

Context The Indo-Pacific tarpon (Megalops cyprinoides) is a diadromous species, for which limited information is available regarding demographics and exploitation levels. Aim We aimed to fill critical knowledge gaps on population dynamics and exploitation levels of M. cyprinoides along the south-western coast of India. Methods Structured length frequency-based population dynamics models were used to determine the growth, mortality and exploitation levels of the species. Key results Habitat-related variations in growth patterns were found, with positive allometric growth in the marine (b = 3.208), and negative allometric growth in freshwater (2.759) and estuarine (2.876) habitats. Different estimates of natural mortality suggested high fishing pressure, potentially threatening the long-term sustainability of local M. cyprinoides populations. Conclusions This study provides the first comprehensive estimates of demographic parameters of M. cyprinoides, and contributes significantly to our knowledge required for the management of Indo-Pacific tarpon fisheries. The critical need to address overfishing and habitat degradation to ensure long-term sustainability of local populations is highlighted. Implications Knowledge generated through this study will help inform improved conservation assessments of this ‘Data Deficient’ species, in addition to informing the development and implementation of conservation and management plans.
Adaptive Bregman–Kaczmarz: an approach to solve linear inverse problems with independent noise exactly
Authors: Tondji Lionel , Tondji Idriss , Lorenz Dirk 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We consider the block Bregman–Kaczmarz method for finite dimensional linear inverse problems. The block Bregman–Kaczmarz method uses blocks of the linear system and performs iterative steps with these blocks only. We assume a noise model that we call independent noise, i.e. each time the method performs a step for some block, one obtains a noisy sample of the respective part of the right-hand side which is contaminated with new noise that is independent of all previous steps of the method. One can view these noise models as making a fresh noisy measurement of the respective block each time it is used. In this framework, we are able to show that a well-chosen adaptive stepsize of the block Bregman–Kaczmarz method is able to converge to the exact solution of the linear inverse problem. The plain form of this adaptive stepsize relies on unknown quantities (like the Bregman distance to the solution), but we show a way how these quantities can be estimated purely from given data. We illustrate the finding in numerical experiments and confirm that these heuristic estimates lead to effective stepsizes.
Information-theoretic measures and Compton profile of H atom under finite oscillator potential
Authors: Mondal Santanu , Sadhukhan Anjan , Saha Jayanta K , Roy Amlan K 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Information-theoretic measures for

n
l

(
2

L
)

states of a H atom (with

n
=
1
−
10

and

l
=
0
−
2

, where n and l denote principal and angular momentum quantum numbers) have been investigated within a quantum dot by utilizing the Ritz variational principle, with the help of a Slater-type basis set. A well-established two-parameter (depth and width) model of finite oscillator potential is used to simulate the dot environment. The variationally optimized position (r)-space wave function is utilized to determine the momentum (p)-space wave function, leading to the generation of p-space radial density distribution. We explore the impact of cavity parameters on quantum information theoretic measures, such as Shannon (S) and Fisher information (I) entropy, in the ground as well as the excited state. The results of S were also used to test the Bialynicki–Birula–Mycielski inequality, related to the entropic uncertainty principle for the confined H atom. Some simple new fitting laws pertaining to S and I have been proposed. Furthermore, the p-space radial density is employed to derive the Compton profile of the confined H atom. Possible tunability of

S
,
I

and Compton profiles with respect to the parameters is noted.
Perspective: towards real-time extreme ultraviolet to x-ray imaging and spectroscopy of laser-driven materials
Authors: Popova-Gorelova Daria 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Optical manipulation of light is a highly relevant concept in modern solid-state physics and its microscopic mechanisms are widely investigated. From this perspective, we discuss how x-ray and extreme ultraviolet pulses that probe a material during the time it is driven by optical light can deliver valuable microscopic details about electron dynamics.
Ultra-thin size-controllable surface plasmon polariton laser by PDMS-assisted imprinting
Authors: Zhao Jing , Lin Runkang , Wang Jinyao , Sun Jiaqian , Dong Keqian , Zou Huayi , Lu Jiangying , Ma Jingteng , Lu Shudi , Ma Fangyuan , Liu Kong , Yue Shizhong , Wang Zhijie , Qu Shengchun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Plasmonic laser has great potential to overcome the optical diffraction limit, playing a crucial role in advancing nanophotonics and nanoelectronics for on-chip integration. However, current plasmonic lasers face several challenges, such as the difficulty in controlling nanowire (NW) size, disordered arrangement, and complicated fabrication process. Herein, ultra-thin gain media for plasmonic lasers below the cutoff size of the photonic mode are prepared using the polydimethylsiloxane-assisted imprinting. This method enables precise control over the size of the perovskite NW, with the minimum size achievable being 60 nm. As a result, the plasmonic lasing is achieved from the CsPbBr3 NW-based device with a threshold as low as ∼49.13 μJ cm−2 and a Quality Factor (Q) of 1803 at room temperature, demonstrating its capability for achieving high-quality lasing. Meanwhile, a dual-pumping time-resolved fluorescence study suggests that the radiative recombination lifetime of CsPbBr3 NWs is shortened by a factor of 10 due to the Purcell effect, confirming the plasmonic effect exhibited by the device. Furthermore, a plasmonic laser array is developed using this method, demonstrating the applicability of the imprinting method in complex graphic fabrication. This breakthrough provides a solution for the application of plasmonic laser arrays in optoelectronic integration.
Surface DBD in moist air for nitrogen fixation: a comparative study of pulsed versus amplitude-modulated AC powered discharge
Authors: Fujera Jiří , Hoffer Petr , Prukner Václav , Rotondo Palma Rosa , Arora Garima , Jirásek Vít , Lukeš Petr , Šimek Milan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Surface DBD (SDBD) discharge maintained in moist air in the immediate vicinity of the water surface is an effective source of reactive species for the production of plasma-activated water (PAW). In this work, we investigated the water activation process for two different DBD energization methods; i.e. using periodic HV pulses with nanosecond risetimes and amplitude-modulated HV AC. We combined UV–vis–NIR ICCD spectroscopy with electrical characteristics to determine the basic characteristics of SDBD microfilaments. Formation of N2O5/NO2/N2O/H2O2/NO2
−/NO3
− species was followed and the production yields of species generated in PAW (H2O2/NO2
−/NO3
−) were determined in a flow-through reactor under well-defined and stable discharge conditions. Both energization methods reached comparable energy efficiencies of nitrogen fixation in the range of 1–6 g kWh−1 with minimal concentrations of H2O2 (10 s μM). However, the AC-powered SDBD produced mainly NO3
− with minimal NO2
− (1/10 of NO3
−), while in the case of pulsed SDBD the better-balanced NO2
−/NO3
− ratio was achieved.
High sensitivity fiber optic current sensor based on Fabry–Perot interferometer manufactured by femtosecond laser
Authors: Hu Chuanju , Guo Xiaoshan , Jiang Chao , Cao Tingshui , Liu Changning , Shu Yukun , Sun Simei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A novel fiber optic current sensor was prepared based on femtosecond laser processing technology and magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D. Its principle is to use the linear stretching of Terfenol-D material under the action of current to cause linear shift in the sensor spectrum. Firstly, we fabricated Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI1) using femtosecond laser in a tapered few mode fiber. Then, FPI2 was prepared using the end face of FPI1, quartz capillary, and single-mode fiber. When cascading FPI1 and FPI2, by adjusting the air-cavity length of FPI2, they form a harmonic vernier effect (HVE) sensor. In HVE sensors, FPI1 forms a cantilever beam inside the capillary, which is not affected by axial strain. Therefore, when the axial strain acts on the HVE sensor, the effective length of axial strain increases to the entire length of the quartz capillary, greatly amplifying the strain sensitivity. Finally, the Terfenol-D rod is pasted onto the HVE strain sensor, and the strain change coupled to the strain sensor caused by magnetic field changes is detected by measuring the wavelength shift of the sensor. As the magnetic field strength is directly proportional to the current in the energized coil, this sensor can measure current. The experiment found that the current sensitivity of the sensor is 5.30 nm A−1 in the range of 0.5 A–3.3 A, and the linear fitting coefficient is 0.9926. Additionally, the minimum measurable current change of the sensor is 23 mA. The current sensor is of advantages of high sensitivity, stable sensing performance, compact structure, easy fabrication and low cost, meaning wide application prospect.
Nuclear magnetic resonance investigation of superconducting and normal state Nb3Sn
Authors: Zhai Gan , Halperin William P , Reyes Arneil P , Posen Sam , Sung Zuhawn , Tarantini Chiara , Brown Michael D , Larbalestier David C 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The superconductor Nb3Sn has important applications for construction of very high-field superconducting magnets. In this work we investigate its microscopic electronic structure with 93Nb nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The high-quality Nb3Sn powder sample was studied in both 3.2 T and 7 T magnetic fields in the temperature range from 4 K to 300 K. From measurement of the spectrum and its theoretical analysis, we find evidence for anisotropy despite its cubic crystal structure. Magnetic alignment of the powder grains in the superconducting state was also observed. The Knight shift and spin-lattice relaxation rate,

T
1

−
1

, were measured and the latter compared with BCS theory for the energy gap

Δ
(
0
)
=
2.7
±
0.3

k

B

T

c

at 3.2 T and

Δ
(
0
)
=
2.33
±
0.07

k

B

T

c

at 7 T, indicating suppression of the order parameter by magnetic field.
Investigation into the DNA's conformations and their conversions from the phase transition theory
Authors: Wang Ying , Su Xuchang , Shi Xuguang , Zhang Lei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The functions and transformation mechanisms of nucleic acids in their various states are of great importance in physiology and pathology. Based on the Landau model, this study reveals the mechanism of the existence of chirality and the transformation rules between different chiral conformations by studying the Duffing oscillation response of the local gauge potential on the DNA chain. The research results show that normal chiral DNA and DNA configuration transition behaviors exhibit regular nonlinear periodic oscillations. Moreover, the gauge potential value approaches zero at the B-Z junction site, which may add a criterion for detecting Z-forming sites. In addition, external force and damping play a key role in the chiral gauge potential of nucleic acids, and they can influence, regulate and even control the configuration transition of nucleic acids. Finally, we verified the rationality of our theory by combining x-ray crystal diffraction data of multiple configurations of DNA. This study provides new insights into the behavior and function of chiral DNA in organisms, and provides new possibilities for regulating DNA conformational transition in the future.
Magnetized multi-component plasmas sheath characteristics with three isothermal ion species
Authors: Shaw Akshaya Kumar , Sanyasi Amulya Kumar , Sharma Devendra 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The dynamics of magnetized plasma sheath with three isothermal ions is studied numerically using the fluid model. The three ions (

A

r

+

,
K

r

+

,

and

X

e

+

) are assumed to be singly charged and have the same temperature. In the beginning, the concentrations for

A

r

+

and

X

e

+

were taken in the same proportions, and then the

K

r

+

ion density is introduced slowly in the plasma. It is found that the presence of a third ion has changed the dynamics of ion densities inside the sheath and simultaneously their respective velocities. Ion density and electron density profiles were estimated inside the sheath region in the presence of a weak and strong magnetic field as well at different

K

r

+

ion concentrations. Further, the dependence of magnetic field obliqueness on the ion density profile and its velocities inside the sheath is also studied, and observed ion density bunching at different conditions. Based on the results, we have tried to introduce a concept of the derivation of system Bohm velocity by considering the ion mass as equivalent mass for the three interacting ion systems in the plasma. It is found that the system Bohm velocity with the equivalent mass effect is larger than their individual thermal velocities and close to

A

r

+

Bohm velocity, and higher than the system Bohm velocity with reference to the density ratio and their respective individual Bohm velocities in an isothermal multi-component plasma.
Effect of capping rate on the performance of InAs/GaAs quantum dot solar cell
Authors: Rai Anjali 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The GaAs capping layer significantly influences the structural and optoelectronic characteristics of the InAs quantum dot (QD). The capping rate modifies the essential parameters, such as size, shape, and composition, that determine the optical properties of the QDs. In this work, we present a theoretical model to study the effects of the capping rate on the absorption spectra of InAs dots embedded in the GaAs capping layer. The proposed model can be used for optimizing the structural and optical characteristics of InAs/GaAs QDs without using an annealing procedure or any capping material other than GaAs. In addition, the impact of three different GaAs capping layer growth rates on the performance of quantum dot solar cells is evaluated.
Thermodynamic potential and drag force of the impurity-polariton many-body interaction
Authors: Gong Xuebing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Investigating the many-body interaction among polaritons is a fundamental goal in comprehending nonlinear behaviors in microcavity semiconductor systems. Hence, the present study focuses on exploring the many-body interaction between excitons and impurities. It was observed that the energy eigenequation governing this system is of sixth-order, rendering it unsolvable. Consequently, a strategy involving the utilization of impurity weight was employed to partition the initial energy eigenequation into two fourth-order equations, a method deemed suitable for lower order approximations. Subsequently, Green’s function was applied to these two fourth-order equations. The analysis of the computed results, encompassing the energy spectrum, polariton density, and thermodynamic potential of the system, reveals that the many-body interaction between excitons and impurities induces the emergence of novel bound states of quasiparticles. Moreover, the inclusion of impurities leads to a decrease in both energy and density of polaritons. Furthermore, the investigation delves into the drag force exerted by impurities on excitons, demonstrating that the drag force escalates in a second-order fashion with impurity velocity and persists even as impurity velocity increases, surpassing the Landau’s equilibrium theory.