bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First‐trimester detection of major cardiac defects with the use of ductus venosus blood flow
Authors: Borrell A. , Grande M. , Bennasar M. , Borobio V. , Jimenez J. M. , Stergiotou I. , Martinez J. M. , Cuckle H. 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the best method of combining fetal nuchal translucency (NT) and ductus venosus (DV) blood flow measurements in the detection of major cardiac defects in chromosomally normal fetuses during the first‐trimester scan.MethodsDuring an 8‐year period NT and DV blood flow were routinely assessed at 11–14 weeks' gestation. Only chromosomally normal singleton pregnancies were included in the study. When a cardiac defect was suspected, or when increased fetal NT and/or absent or reversed (AR) A‐wave in the DV was observed, early fetal echocardiography was offered. Data on routine second‐ and third‐trimester scans, neonatal follow‐up or postmortem examination were obtained from hospital records. The detection and false‐positive rates for all major cardiac defects were calculated for several screening strategies, including: NT or DV pulsatility index for veins (DV‐PIV) above a fixed normal centile; AR A‐wave; risk based on NT and DV‐PIV or A‐wave velocity above a fixed normal centile; and combinations of these strategies.ResultsThe study population included 37 chromosomally normal fetuses with a major cardiac defect and 12 799 unaffected pregnancies. Fetal NT above the 95th or the 99th centile and AR A‐wave was observed in 40, 27 and 39% of the fetuses with major cardiac defects, respectively. A 47% detection rate with a 2.7% false‐positive rate was obtained when AR A‐wave or NT above the 99th centile was used as the selection criterion.ConclusionsHalf of major fetal cardiac defects could be detected in the first trimester if NT and DV Doppler are used to select 2.7% of the general pregnant population for extended fetal echocardiography. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
3D ultrasound and Doppler angiography for evaluation of fetal cardiovascular anomalies
Authors: El Guindi Wael , Dreyfus Michel , Carles Gabriel , Lambert Véronique , Herlicoviez Michel , Benoist Guillaume 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo highlight the value of 3D ultrasound in the prenatal assessment of fetal cardiovascular anomalies through offline diagnosis and/or second opinion (e.g. via internet link).MethodsA retrospective offline analysis of volume datasets of fetuses diagnosed with cardiovascular anomalies by 2D ultrasound was conducted.ResultsThirty‐three fetuses with 38 cardiac malformations were evaluated. Mean gestational age at diagnosis was 26 weeks (range, 20–34 weeks). Isolated cardiovascular malformations were detected in 23 fetuses. Extracardiac abnormalities were identified in 8 fetuses, of which 2 had trisomy 21 and 1 had trisomy 18. One fetus exhibited 22q11 microdeletion. Ten pregnancy terminations were performed.ConclusionOffline analysis of cardiovascular anomalies conferred significant diagnostic advantages over 2D ultrasound. 3D ultrasound is invaluable for the prenatal diagnosis and management of congenital heart diseases. It may be used to facilitate scientific cooperation between high‐ and low‐income countries.
Effects of an extended free‐of‐fee strategy on the rate of cervical Papanicolaou smear screening in Israel
Authors: Froimovici Miron , Sulema Vicky , Lurie Samuel 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the influence of an extended free‐of‐fee strategy on the rate of cervical Papanicolaou (Pap) smear screening in Israel.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of data obtained from a computer‐generated list of women aged 15–74 years who attended appointments with Clalit Health Services between January 1, 2008, and November 30, 2011, during which Pap smears were taken. The basic strategy allowed a no‐fee Pap smear once every 3 years between the ages of 35 and 54 years; the extended strategy allowed a no‐fee Pap smear once every 3 years between the ages of 25 and 54 years.ResultsIn all, 65 565 Pap smears were taken. The mean monthly study population was 161 438 women. The mean monthly Pap smear rate for the basic strategy was 0.64% ± 0.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59–0.68) versus 0.75% ± 0.6% (95% CI, 0.70–0.79) for the extended strategy (P = 0.004). Age group (P < 0.001), Pap smear strategy type (P < 0.001), and combined age group and strategy type (P = 0.028) each predicted the monthly rate of Pap smear screening in a univariate analysis.ConclusionImplementation of the extended free‐of‐fee strategy increased the rate of Pap smear screening among Israeli women.
Defining the Clinical Syndrome of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Recursive Specialist Survey Process
Authors: Sandella Danielle E. , Haig Andrew J. , Tomkins‐Lane Christy , Yamakawa Karen S.J. 
Published: November 2012

BackgroundLumbar spinal stenosis has evolved from an anatomic concept to a poorly defined clinical syndrome. Rules for such a syndrome need to be informed by the experience and beliefs of expert clinicians. The level of certainty is seldom considered in defining criteria for a syndrome.ObjectiveTo design an innovative online recursive survey technique to seek out information that is valued by specialists and to measure the impact of this evidence on their strength of conviction regarding the diagnosis of spinal stenosis.DesignProspective online survey.SettingUniversity‐based project.ParticipantsAmerican physiatrists recruited by online postings and postcards.InterventionsA recursive process presented a scenario that allowed clinicians to choose 1 of 10 clinical factors and then asked their level of certainty about diagnosis when that factor is true. Subsequent questions build on that assumption by adding other factors.Main Outcome MeasuresCertainty regarding the diagnosis of clinical lumbar spinal stenosis.ResultsOf a total of 97 participants, 80 completed 3 or more iterations. “Leg pain while walking” (66%), “must sit down or bend” (66%), and “flex forward while walking” (49%) were the most commonly selected questions. “Normal foot pulses” (19%), “back pain” (16%), “leg pain” (15%), “relief with rest” (14%), and “sensory deficits” (12%) were of intermediate value, whereas “problems with balance,” “have fallen recently,” and “the sacroiliac joint is not the main pain generator” were all chosen less than 5% of the time. Statistically significant (P < .05) change in certainty ceased after 6 questions at 86.2% certainty.ConclusionsA recursive approach to diagnostic certainty is valuable. Within 5 questions, clinicians become almost 90% certain that a person has clinical spinal stenosis. This question set provides one pragmatic clinical criterion for the syndrome of lumbar spinal stenosis.
The meaning of love in the debate for legal recognition of same-sex marriage in Australia
Authors: Grossi Renata 
Published: November 2012

AbstractLove is ever-present in the debate for the legal recognition of same-sex marriage. Its importance, however, is often underestimated. I will show in this article that much can be gained by viewing this issue through the analytical lens of romantic love. This analysis will show that romantic love is a contested idea. On the one hand it claims to embody a radical and permissive ideology that is capable of penetrating established social and cultural divides. On the other hand, however, love has been accused of replicating patriarchy, and of being ideologically heteronormative. As such, love is not necessarily the answer needed to win the legal argument for same-sex marriage – not unless we begin a process of redefining love for our times.They say that the world was built for twoOnly worth living if somebody is loving you1
G × E interaction and neurodevelopment I. Focus on maltreatment
Authors: Bellani M. , Nobile M. , Bianchi V. , van Os J. , Brambilla P. 
Published: November 2012

In a short series of articles, we will review the evidence for genotype by environment interaction (G × E) in developmental psychopathology. We will focus specifically on the characteristics of types of exposure assessed with respect to both their methods and findings. This article aims to review the studies exploring the effects of child maltreatment on children, adolescents and young adults closer in time to maltreatment experience, in a G × E perspective.
Assessment of optimally filtered recent geodetic mean dynamic topographies
Authors: Siegismund F. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractRecent geoids from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and the Gravity field and steady state Ocean Circulation Explorer satellite mission (GOCE) contain useful short‐scale information for the construction of a geodetic ocean mean dynamic topography (MDT). The geodetic MDT is obtained from subtracting the geoid from a mean sea surface (MSS) as measured by satellite altimetry. A gainful use of the MDT and an adequate assessment needs an optimal filtering. This is accomplished here by defining a cutoff length scale dmax for the geoid and applying a Gaussian filter with half‐width radius r on the MDT. A series of MDTs (GRACE, GOCE, and combined satellite‐only (GOCO) solutions) is tested, using different sets of filter parameters dmax and r. Optimal global and regional dependent filter parameters are estimated. To find optimal parameters and to assess the resulting MDTs, the geostrophic surface currents induced by the filtered geodetic MDT are compared to corrected near‐surface currents obtained from the Global Drifter Program (GDP). The global optimal cutoff degree and order (d/o) dmax (half‐width radius r of the spatial Gaussian filter) is 160 (1.1°) for GRACE; 180 (1.1–1.2°) for 1st releases of GOCE (time‐ and space‐wise methods) and GOCO models; and 210 (1.0 degree) for 2nd and 3rd releases of GOCE and GOCO models. The cutoff d/o is generally larger (smaller) and the filter length smaller (larger) for regions with strong, small‐scale (slow, broad scale) currents. The smallest deviations from the drifter data are obtained with the GOCO03s geoid model, although deviations of other models are only slightly higher.
Significance of Wheat Flour Particle Size on Sponge Cake Baking Quality
Authors: Choi Hyun‐Wook , Baik Byung‐Kee 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTWe evaluated the effect and magnitude of flour particle size on sponge cake (SC) baking quality. Two different sets of wheat flours, including flours of reduced particle size obtained by regrinding and flour fractions of different particle size separated by sieving, were tested for batter properties and SC baking quality. The proportion of small particles (<55 μm) of flour was increased by 11.6–26.9% by regrinding. Despite the increased sodium carbonate solvent retention capacity, which was probably a result of the increased starch damage and particle size reduction, reground flour exhibited little change in density and viscosity of flour‐water batter and produced SC of improved volume by 0.8–15.0%. The volume of SC baked from flour fractions of small (<55 μm), intermediate (55–88 μm), and large (>88 μm) particles of soft and club wheat was in the range of 1,353–1,450, 1,040–1,195, and 955–1,130 mL, respectively. Even with comparable or higher protein content, flour fractions of intermediate particle size produced larger volume of SC than flour fractions of large particle size. The flour fractions of small particle size in soft white and club wheat exhibited lower flour‐water batter density (102.6–105.9 g/100 mL) than did those of large and intermediate particle fractions (105.2–108.2 g/100 mL). The viscosity of flour‐water batter was lowest in flour fractions of small particle size, higher in intermediate particles, and highest in large particles. Flour particle size exerted a considerable influence on batter density and viscosity and subsequently on SC volume and crumb structure. Fine particle size of flour overpowered the negative effects of elevated starch damage, water absorption, and protein content in SC baking.
First Report of Late Blight Caused by Phytophthora infestans Clonal Lineage US-22 on Tomato and Potato in Wisconsin
Authors: Gevens A. J. , Seidl A. C. 
Published: November 2012

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and potato (S. tuberosum) crops are grown on over 67,000 acres (27,114 hectares) in the state of Wisconsin each year. Late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) deBary, is a potentially devastating oomycete pathogen that sporadically affects tomato and potato crops in the state. Prevention of this disease through prophylactic application of oomycete-specific fungicides can cost producers millions of dollars per year in additional chemical, fuel, and labor expenses. In 2009, late blight was observed on tomato and potato in over 25 Wisconsin counties. The epidemic initiated on tomato in southern WI in early August and progressed northward in the state with additional reports on tomato primarily from home gardens and small farms. Potato late blight was also identified but with limited incidence in central WI, likely due to routine fungicide programs in commercial production. Clonal lineages of P. infestans documented in Wisconsin in previous epidemics included US-1 in the 1970s and US-8 in the mid-1990s. Populations of P. infestans in the U.S. have recently undergone significant genetic changes, resulting in isolates with unique clonal lineages and epidemiological characteristics (1). Symptoms of late blight observed on tomato and potato included water-soaked to dark brown circular lesions with pale green haloes accompanied by signs of pathogen sporulation typically on leaf undersides during periods of high humidity. Isolates of P. infestans were generated from field infected tomato and potato foliar tissues. Axenic, single zoospore derived cultures were generated and maintained on Rye A agar for further characterization. Mycelium was coenocytic with hyphal diameter of 5 to 8 μm (n = 50). Sporangia were limoniform or ovoid, semi- to fully papillate, caducous, had short pedicels, and were 29.6 (h) × 16.8 μm (w) (n = 50). The average length/width ratio was 1.76. Allozyme banding patterns at the glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (Gpi) locus indicated a 100/122 profile, consistent with the US-22 clonal lineage (3). Mating type assays confirmed the isolates to be A2 and in vitro mefenoxam sensitivity was observed (4). Restriction fragment length polymorphic analysis of a representative isolate from Wisconsin with the multilocus RG57 sequence and EcoRI produced the DNA pattern indicative of US-22 (2). The P. infestans clonal lineage US-22 was predominant in U.S. epidemics on tomato in 2009. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. infestans clonal lineage US-22 causing late blight on tomato and potato in Wisconsin, USA. References: (1) K. Deahl. (Abstr.) Phytopathology 100(suppl.):S161, 2010. (2) S. B. Goodwin et al. Curr. Genet. 22:107, 1992. (3) C. H. Hu et al. Plant Dis. 96:1323, 2012. (4) A. C. Seidl et al. Phytopathology 101(suppl.):S246, 2011.
First Report of White Fir Dwarf Mistletoe (Arceuthobium abietinum f. sp. concoloris) on Durango Fir (Abies durangensis) from Durango, Mexico
Authors: Barraza S. Quiñonez , Mathiasen R. , Gonzalez-Elizondo S. 
Published: November 2012

White fir dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium abietinum Engelm. ex Munz f. sp. concoloris Hawksw. & Wiens, Viscaceae) is a common parasite of grand fir (Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.) in the Cascade Range and of Sierra white fir (Abies lowiana (Gord. & Glend.) A. Murray) in the Sierra Nevada Mountains (1). It also occurs in isolated populations on Rocky Mountain white fir (Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Hildebr.) in Nevada, Utah, and Arizona (1). In addition, there are two widely separated known populations of white fir dwarf mistletoe on Durango fir (Abies durangensis Mart.) from Chihuahua, Mexico (1,2). The southernmost range of these Mexican populations extends to Cerro Mohinora near Guadalupe y Calvo close to the border with Durango and Sinaloa. In July 2012, white fir dwarf mistletoe was found infecting Durango fir on Cerro Gordo, the highest peak in the state of Durango (Latitude: 23° 12′ 37″ N; Longitude: 104° 56″ 23″ W; elevation 3,060 m). Although there are many populations of Durango fir in Durango between Cerro Gordo and Cerro Mohinora, white fir dwarf mistletoe has never been reported from any of those populations (1). More than 70% of the trees were infected in the stand where the mistletoe was observed on Cerro Gordo, but little mortality of Durango fir was observed (4 trees). The infected Durango firs were growing in a mixed conifer forest of Durango fir, Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), Cooper pine (Pinus cooperi Blanco), Mexican white pine (P. ayacahuite Ehrenb. ex Schltdl.), Durango pine (Pinus durangensis Mart.), and aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.). There were no pure stands of Durango fir in the area. Infection by white fir dwarf mistletoe was only observed on Durango fir and infection was characterized by the formation of witches' brooms and branch swellings. Mistletoe plants collected from Durango fir on Cerro Gordo were identical to white fir dwarf mistletoe plants found on Cerro Mohinora when compared using morphological characters such as plant height (mean approximately 8 cm), plant color (yellow-green, green, green-brown, and rarely red-brown), mean diameter of flowers (2.8 mm), and mean fruit dimensions (5.0 × 3.0 mm) (2). White fir dwarf mistletoe is relatively host-specific and is the only dwarf mistletoe that has been reported to parasitize Durango fir in Mexico (1). Specimens of white fir dwarf mistletoe from Cerro Gordo were collected and deposited at the Hebario (CIIDIR), Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Durango, Mexico (Accession #40190). To our knowledge, this is the first report of white fir dwarf mistletoe from Durango, Mexico, and extends the known southern range of this mistletoe by approximately 370 km (1). References: (1) F. Hawksworth and D. Wiens. USDA For. Serv. Agric. Handb. 709, 1996. (2) R. Mathiasen. Plant Dis. 94:635, 2010.
Loss of Function of Arabidopsis C-Terminal Domain Phosphatase-Like1 Activates Iron Deficiency Responses at the Transcriptional Level
Authors: Aksoy Emre , Jeong In Sil , Koiwa Hisashi 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe expression of genes that control iron (Fe) uptake and distribution (i.e. Fe utilization-related genes) is tightly regulated. Fe deficiency strongly induces Fe utilization-related gene expression; however, little is known about the mechanisms that regulate this response in plants. Transcriptome analysis of an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutant defective in RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain-phosphatase-like1 (CPL1) revealed significant up-regulation of Fe utilization-related genes (e.g. IRON-REGULATED TRANSPORTER1), suggesting the importance of RNA metabolism in Fe signaling. An analysis using multiple cpl1 alleles established that cpl1 mutations enhanced specific transcriptional responses to low Fe availability. Changes in protein level were less prominent than those in transcript level, indicating that cpl1-2 mainly affects the Fe deficiency response at the transcriptional level. However, Fe content was significantly increased in the roots and decreased in the shoots of cpl1-2 plants, indicating that the cpl1 mutations do indeed affect Fe homeostasis. Furthermore, root growth of cpl1-2 showed improved tolerance to Fe deficiency and cadmium (Cd) toxicity. cpl1-2 plants accumulated more Cd in the shoots, suggesting that Cd toxicity in the roots of this mutant is averted by the transport of excess Cd to the shoots. Genetic data indicate that cpl1-2 likely activates Fe deficiency responses upstream of both FE-DEFICIENCY-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-dependent and -independent signaling pathways. Interestingly, various osmotic stress/abscisic acid (ABA)-inducible genes were up-regulated in cpl1-2, and the expression of some ABA-inducible genes was controlled by Fe availability. We propose that the cpl1 mutations enhance Fe deficiency signaling and promote cross talk with a branch of the osmotic stress/ABA signaling pathway.
Six new records of IdaeaTreitschke (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Sterrhinae) from Korea
Authors: Choi Sei‐Woong , Kim Sung‐Soo 
Published: November 2012

AbstractSix species of sterrhine genus Idaea Treitschke are reported for the first time from Korea: Idaea roseomarginaria (Inoue), I. paraula (Prout), I. sugillata (Bastelberger), I. imbecilla (Inoue), I. kyushuensis Sato, and I. nudaria (Christoph). To date, 23 species of Idaea have been reported from Korea. Diagnosis and descriptions of adults and photos of male and female genitalia are provided.
Habitat use and demography of Mus musculus in a rural landscape of Argentina
Authors: LEÓN Vanina A. , FRASCHINA Jimena , GUIDOBONO Juan S. , BUSCH Maria 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe main goal of the paper was to determine the habitat distribution of the house mouse (Mus musculus) within a rural landscape of Buenos Aires province, Argentina. We also studied the seasonal variation in abundance and reproductive activity. The habitats studied were poultry farms, human houses in a small village, cropfields, pastures, cropfield and pasture edges, riparian habitats (streams), railway embankments and woodlots. We captured 817 M. musculus and 690 individuals of 5 native rodent species. M. musculus was captured in poultry farms, houses, riparian habitats, cropfield and borders, but it showed a significantly higher abundance in poultry farms compared to the other habitats. Its presence outside poultry farms was significantly related to the distance to streams and poultry farms. The mean trapping success index of M. musculus did not show significant variations between periods, but the proportion of active males was significantly higher in the spring–summer period than in the autumn–winter period. All captures of M. musculus in cropfields, borders and riparian habitats occurred in the spring–summer period. The capture of M. musculus in many types of habitats suggests that it can disperse outside poultry farms, and streams may be used as corridors.
Body size variation of four latitudinally‐separated populations of a toad species: age and growth rate as the proximate determinants
Authors: YU Tonglei , LU Xin 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAge and growth rate are critical parameters determining the body size of adult anurans, which grow indeterminately. Therefore, evaluating their relative importance and selective pressures acting on them may help to explain variation in body size of anurans across geographical populations. Based on the data on body size and skeletochronological age of 4 Asiatic toad (Bufo gargarizans) populations that are widely separated in latitude, the present study showed that toads at the northern extremity of the range were the oldest, on average, and grew relatively fast, toads at the southern end of the range were relatively old but grew fastest, whereas mid‐latitude toads were intermediate in both traits. These results indicated that relative contributions of age and growth rate to body size differed among populations. From a life history perspective, greater age attained by toads at higher latitudes should result from delayed maturation, and faster growth from an adaptive response to strong seasonal time constraints; in contrast, selective pressures on the 2 parameters at lower latitudes might be associated, respectively, with low adult death rates and longer favorable growing seasons.