bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An observational assessment of the influence of mesoscale and submesoscale heterogeneity on ocean biogeochemical reactions
Authors: Martin Adrian P. , Lévy Marina , van Gennip Simon , Pardo Silvia , Srokosz Meric , Allen John , Painter Stuart C. , Pidcock Roz 
Published: August 2015

AbstractNumerous observations demonstrate that considerable spatial variability exists in components of the marine planktonic ecosystem at the mesoscale and submesoscale (100 km–1 km). The causes and consequences of physical processes at these scales (“eddy advection”) influencing biogeochemistry have received much attention. Less studied, the nonlinear nature of most ecological and biogeochemical interactions means that such spatial variability has consequences for regional estimates of processes including primary production and grazing, independent of the physical processes. This effect has been termed “eddy reactions.” Models remain our most powerful tools for extrapolating hypotheses for biogeochemistry to global scales and to permit future projections. The spatial resolution of most climate and global biogeochemical models means that processes at the mesoscale and submesoscale are poorly resolved. Modeling work has previously suggested that the neglected eddy reactions may be almost as large as the mean field estimates in some cases. This study seeks to quantify the relative size of eddy and mean reactions observationally, using in situ and satellite data. For primary production, grazing, and zooplankton mortality the eddy reactions are between 7% and 15% of the mean reactions. These should be regarded as preliminary estimates to encourage further observational estimates and not taken as a justification for ignoring eddy reactions. Compared to modeling estimates, there are inconsistencies in the relative magnitude of eddy reactions and in correlations which are a major control on their magnitude. One possibility is that models exhibit much stronger spatial correlations than are found in reality, effectively amplifying the magnitude of eddy reactions.
Coherent wave activity in Mercury's magnetosheath
Authors: Sundberg Torbjörn , Boardsen Scott A. , Burgess David , Slavin James A. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis study presents a statistical overview of coherent wave activity in Mercury's magnetosheath. Left‐handed electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves are commonly found behind the quasi‐perpendicular section of the bow shock, where they are present in ~50% of the spacecraft crossings of the magnetosheath. Their occurrence distribution maximizes within the magnetosheath, approximately halfway between the bow shock and the magnetopause, and the waves are generally strongly Doppler shifted up to frequencies above the local ion cyclotron frequency. Downstream of the quasi‐parallel shock, the magnetosheath often exhibits large‐amplitude pulsations with wave periods around 10 s and peak‐to‐peak amplitudes of up to 100 nT that dominate the magnetic field structure. These waves are circularly left‐hand polarized with wave vectors in the direction of the local shock normal. The data suggest that they have been generated upstream of the shock and transmitted into the downstream region. Their occurrence rates maximize at the near‐parallel shock, where they are present approximately 10% of the time, and where they also show their largest wave powers. Some evidence is also found of waves with a right‐handed polarization in the spacecraft frame. These consist of both whistler waves above the local ion cyclotron frequency and ion cyclotron waves propagating against the magnetosheath flow with Doppler shifts exceeding the intrinsic wave frequency, which results in a change in their apparent polarization. These waves are in minority compared to the left‐handed observations, which indicates a preference for ion cyclotron waves propagating in the direction of the plasma flow.
Substrate Engineering and its Synthetic Utility in the Sulfation of Primary Aliphatic Alcohol Groups by a Bacterial Arylsulfotransferase
Authors: Hartog Aloysius F. , Wever Ron 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe use of substrate engineering allowed the enzymatic sulfation by an arylsulfotransferase from Desulfitobacterium hafniense of a number of carbohydrate derivatives. Specific sulfation of carbohydrates chemically or enzymatically is notoriously difficult or complex. As we have shown previously, the arylsulfotransferase is able to sulfate a variety of phenolic alcohols as well as non‐phenolic alcohols, albeit the conversion in the latter case is limited and in general less than a few percent. Here we used the strategy of substrate engineering to increase the conversion by attaching a hydrophobic group to the carbohydrate. The formed sulfated intermediates may be used as building blocks in the formation of more complex sulfated carbohydrates via a transglycosylation reaction.magnified image
Tenside als Reaktionsmedien zur Synthese von kristallinen anorganischen Materialien
Authors: Xiong Wei‐Wei , Zhang Qichun 
Published: August 2015

AbstractMit Blick darauf, dass Tenside die Form und Größe von Mikro‐ und Nanopartikeln steuern können, sollten sie auch in der Lage sein, das Wachstum von makroskopischen Kristallen zu dirigieren. Dieser Kurzaufsatz fasst jüngste Entwicklungen bei der Verwendung von Tensiden zur Herstellung neuer kristalliner anorganischer Materialien aus dem Bereich der Chalkogenide, Metall‐organischen Gerüstverbindungen und Zeolithanaloga zusammen. Die Rolle der Tenside in den verschiedenen Reaktionssystemen wird diskutiert.
Insights into Carbopol gel formulations: Microscopy analysis of the microstructure and the influence of polyol additives
Authors: Lefrançois Pauline , Ibarboure Emmanuel , Payré Bruno , Gontier Etienne , Le Meins Jean‐François , Schatz Christophe 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTCarbopol is a family of high molecular weight cross‐linked poyacrylic acids widely used as thickening agents in several industrial applications. In this work, the structure of Carbopol 974P NF was investigated at pH 7.4 by means of capillary viscometry, dynamic rheology, fluorescence microscopy, and electron microscopy in the dilute and semi‐dilute (hydrogel) state. Especially, high‐pressure freezing technique has proved to be a technique of choice to visualize the Carbopol hydrogel microstructure through cryo‐scanning electron microscopy analysis without artifacts related to the formation of ice crystals. It has been shown that the Carbopol hydrogel has a hierarchical structure made of large spherical entities of a few micrometers in size packed together and composed of much smaller agglomerated microgel particles. In addition, fluorescence and electron microscopies have pointed out that the presence of polyol additives in the gel formulation favors the formation of more dense or jammed structure, probably through hydrogen bonding. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42761.
Development of microbial protective Kolliphor‐based nanocomposite hydrogels
Authors: Varaprasad Kokkarachedu , Sadiku Rotimi 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTIn this scientific work, a novel class of antimicrobial nanocomposite hydrogels were designed and synthesized by chemical and environmentally bioprocess using Kolliphor, acrylamide, and mint leafs in order to achieve antiseptic property for wound applications. In the bioprocess approach, silver nitrate and gold chloride were nucleated with mint leafs in order to obtain effective free individual nano‐inorganic compounds to provide superior antibacterial assets. The formations of dual inorganic nanoparticles were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, which indicated the size of nanoparticles in the range of approximately 3 ± 2 nm and without agglomeration. The formations of biomaterials were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopic–energy dispersive spectrometric studies and their swelling properties were determined. Furthermore, the pure hydrogel and the dual inorganic nanocomposite hydrogels developed were tested for antibacterial activities. When compared with the neat hydrogel, the nanocomposite hydrogels significantly improved their anti‐bacterial activities on Bacillus bacterium. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42781.
Efficient wound odor removal by β‐cyclodextrin functionalized poly (ε‐caprolactone) nanofibers
Authors: Narayanan Ganesh , Ormond Bryan R. , Gupta Bhupender S. , Tonelli Alan E. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTPolymer‐cyclodextrin (CD) composite nanofibers, by virtue of the hollow cavities and abundant hydroxyl groups present in CDs, have tremendous potential in a variety of biomedical applications. However, in most cases, especially in aliphatic polyesters, polymer chains thread readily into CD cavities, therefore its potential has not yet been fully realized. Herein, we report the formation of poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)/β‐CD functional nanofibers by electrospinning their mixture from chloroform/N,N‐dimethylformamide (60 : 40). The fiber diameters of the neat PCL and β‐CD functionalized fibers were measured from the images obtained from a scanning electron microscope and were found to be about 500 nm. The efficiency of wound odor absorbance by these composite fibers was studied using a simulated wound odor solution, consisting of butyric and propionic acids in ethanol. Immersion tests indicated that even under less than ideal test conditions, the nanofibers containing β‐CDs were very efficient in masking the odor. The odor masking capability of the β‐CD functionalized PCL nanofibers were further confirmed by thermogravimetric analyses and GC observations, with the former method showing unique degradation patterns. The PCL/β‐CD nanocomposites, by virtue of having their β‐CD cavities free and unthreaded by PCL, could potentially be an ideal substrate for removing wound odors through formation of inclusion compounds with odorants, while providing an ideal environment for the wound to heal. These results suggest tailoring polymer‐CD nanostructures for specific applications in wound odor absorbance, surface grafting of chemical moieties, and vehicles for drug delivery, as examples. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42782.
Ultrastructural Features of Sperm Storage Tubules in the Oviduct of the Indian Garden Lizard, Calotes Versicolor
Authors: Shankar Goutham , Sagar Bhadravathi Kenchappa Chandrasekhar , Kumari Titus Ruth Shantha , Marathe Gopal Kedihithlu 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTThis study provides the first description of the ultrastructural features of sperm storage tubules (SSTs) in the uterovaginal region of the oviduct of the Indian garden lizard, Calotes versicolor. Abundant spermatozoa along with copious secretory material were found in the lumen of the SSTs. These secretory granules appeared similar in electron density to those found in the epithelial cells lining the SSTs indicating their similar origin. The close physical proximity of sperm with these granules suggests an intimate association between the two. The present study is also the first report of recovery of motile sperm from the flushings of SSTs in C. versicolor. The density of sperm found in the flushings varied, being most abundant during the reproductive phase and minimum/absent during the regressive phase. Understanding the microenvironment of the SSTs, the nature of the secretory granules and their interaction with sperm can guide us in unraveling the biology of oviductal sperm storage. Anat Rec, 298:1932–1937, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Trapping Nanostructures on Surfaces through Weak Interactions
Authors: Rauch Vivien , Kikkawa Yoshihiro , Koepf Matthieu , Hijazi Ismail , Wytko Jennifer A. , Campidelli Stéphane , Goujon Antoine , Kanesato Masatoshi , Weiss Jean 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe assembly of imidazole‐functionalized phenanthroline‐strapped zinc porphyrins (ZnPorphen) with alkyl or polyethylene glycol (PEG) side chains was studied in solution and by AFM after casting on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) or mica. The nature of the solvent and its evaporation time influenced the morphology of the objects observed. On HOPG, short rods of about 100 nm were observed after fast evaporation of solutions of the alkyl derivatives in CHCl3, THF, or pyridine, whereas islands of aligned rows of longer wires were obtained from methylcyclohexane (MCH). Slow evaporation of MCH led to a three‐dimensional assembly. The PEG porphyrin assembled into short wires on HOPG or fibers on mica after slow evaporation of solutions in THF. This study shows the role of surface–molecule interactions in the interfacial assembly of ZnPorphen derivatives and contributes to understanding the parameters that control their noncovalent assembly into molecular wires on a surface.
PSYCHE CPMG–HSQMBC: An NMR Spectroscopic Method for Precise and Simple Measurement of Long‐Range Heteronuclear Coupling Constants
Authors: Timári István , Szilágyi László , Kövér Katalin E. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAmong the NMR spectroscopic parameters, long‐range heteronuclear coupling constants convey invaluable information on torsion angles relevant to glycosidic linkages of carbohydrates. A broadband homonuclear decoupled PSYCHE CPMG–HSQMBC method for the precise and direct measurement of multiple‐bond heteronuclear couplings is presented. The PSYCHE scheme built into the pulse sequence efficiently eliminates unwanted proton–proton splittings from the heteronuclear multiplets so that the desired heteronuclear couplings can be determined simply by measuring frequency differences between peak maxima of pure antiphase doublets. Moreover, PSYCHE CPMG–HSQMBC can provide significant improvement in sensitivity as compared to an earlier Zangger–Sterk‐based method. Applications of the proposed pulse sequence are demonstrated for the extraction of nJ(1H,77Se) and nJ(1H,13C) values, respectively, in carbohydrates; further extensions can be envisioned in any J‐based structural and conformational studies.
ChemInform Abstract: Gas Phase Uranyl Activation: Formation of a Uranium Nitrosyl Complex from Uranyl Azide.
Authors: Gong Yu , de Jong Wibe A. , Gibson John K. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe fragmentation chemistry of UO2(N3)Cl2‐ (obtained by electrospray ionization of MeOH solutions containing UO2Cl2 and NaN3) in the gas phase is investigated using quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Sb2Te3 Polymorph Stable at the Nanoscale.
Authors: Rotunno Enzo , Longo Massimo , Wiemer Claudia , Fallica Roberto , Campi Davide , Bernasconi Marco , Lupini Andrew R. , Pennycook Stephen J. , Lazzarini Laura 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSelf‐assembled Sb2Te3 nanowires with diameters of <40 nm are grown on a Si wafer coated with a 50 nm SiO2 layer in a thermal MOCVD reactor using (Me2N)3Sb and iPr2Te as precursors in the presence of (Me2N)4Ge.
ChemInform Abstract: Ternary Borides Cr2AlB2, Cr3AlB4, and Cr4AlB6: The First Members of the Series (CrB2)nCrAl with n = 1, 2, 3 and a Unifying Concept for Ternary Borides as MAB‐Phases.
Authors: Ade Martin , Hillebrecht Harald 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSingle crystals of Cr2AlB2, Cr3AlB4, Cr4AlB6, MoAlB, WAlB, Mn2AlB2, and Fe2AlB2 are prepared by reactions of the elements in liquid Al (corundum crucibles, Ar atmosphere, 1000—1550 °C, 24—72 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of C2‐Symmetric 1,2‐Diamine‐Functionalized Organocatalysts: Mimicking Enzymes in Enantioselective Michael Addition Reactions.
Authors: Servin Felipe A. , Madrigal Domingo , Romero Jose A. , Chavez Daniel , Aguirre Gerardo , Anaya de Parrodi Cecilia , Somanathan Ratnasamy 
Published: August 2015

AbstractNovel C2 symmetric 1,3‐benzenedisulfonamides are successfully applied as organocatalysts that hydrogen bond to the nitroolefin (I) in the transition state of the Michael addition of carbonyl compounds furnishing products (III) and (V) in excellent yields and enantioselectivities (up to 99%).
ChemInform Abstract: Aromatic Amide‐Derived Non‐Biaryl Atropisomers as Highly Efficient Ligands in Silver‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Cycloaddition Reactions.
Authors: Bai Xing‐Feng , Song Tao , Xu Zheng , Xia Chun‐Gu , Huang Wei‐Sheng , Xu Li‐Wen 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe synthesis of the title compounds bearing a phosphine group and multiple stereogenic centers is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Coupling of 2‐Naphthol to (R)/(S)‐BINOL by MCM‐41 Supported Mn‐Chiral Schiff Base Complexes.
Authors: Bania Kusum K. , Karunakar G. V. , Satyanarayana Lanka 
Published: August 2015

AbstractEnantiopure BINOL is obtained by enantioselective oxidation of 2‐naphthol (I) in the presence of oxygen as oxidant using three Mn(III)‐chiral Schiff base complexes supported on MCM‐41 as effective reusable catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Prins and Friedel—Crafts Cyclizations for the Stereoselective Synthesis of trans‐Fused Hexahydro‐1H‐benzo[g]isochromene Derivatives.
Authors: Subba Reddy B. V. , Syama Sundar Ch. , Ramana Reddy M. , Suresh Reddy C. , Sridhar B. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe title reaction are catalyzed by Sc(OTf)3 and TosOH to give the products [e.g. (III)] in good yields with excellent selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient and Selective Cu/Nitroxyl‐Catalyzed Methods for Aerobic Oxidative Lactonization of Diols.
Authors: Xie Xiaomin , Stahl Shannon S. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAn efficient process for the oxidative cyclization of symmetrical and unsymmetrical diols to lactones is developed using air as the oxidant and a mixed Cu(I)/nitroxyl catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrolytic Heterocyclization of the 1,1,2,3,3‐Pentacyanopropene Salts.
Authors: Khil Anna M. , Kaminskii Vladimir A. , Slabko Oleg Yu. , Kachanov Andrey V. , Gerasimenko Andrey V. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAction of dilute aqueous solutions of alkalis on pentacyanopropenide salts affords pyrrolinone salts (II), which are transformed into isonicotinates [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Hot Water‐Promoted Cyclopropylcarbinyl Rearrangement Facilitates Construction of Homoallylic Alcohols.
Authors: Li Pei‐Fang , Yi Cheng‐Bo , Qu Jin 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe rearrangement of various types of cyclopropyl carbinols in refluxing H2O/dioxane mixtures without any additional catalyst gives generally homoallylic alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Rearrangement of Cyclobutanone Derived N,O‐Ketals Leading to Pyrrolidone Derivatives.
Authors: Murai Kenichi , Endo Daisuke , Kawashita Norihito , Takagi Tatsuya , Fujioka Hiromichi 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe halogen‐induced rearrangement proceeds via an iminium ether intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐meta‐Terarylphosphine Catalyst for the Mizoroki—Heck Reaction of (Hetero)Aryl Bromides and Functional Olefins.
Authors: Tay Daniel Weiliang , Jong Howard , Lim Yee Hwee , Wu Wenqin , Chew Xinying , Robins Edward G. , Johannes Charles W. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe reaction has been successfully applied in the synthesis of pharmaceutical drug eletriptan (XVI), which is used in treatment of migraine headaches.
ChemInform Abstract: Base‐Promoted Direct and Highly Selective Alkynylation of Electron‐Deficient Octafluorotoluene.
Authors: Liu Cuibo , Zhao Hui , Zhao Haitao , Wang Zhifang , Zhang Bin 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPolyfluoroarylated alkynes are highly regioselectively obtained via selective C—F bond cleavage of electron‐deficient octafluorotoluene with terminal alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Deprotection of N‐Benzylbenzimidazoles and N‐Benzylimidazoles with Triethylsilane and Pd/C.
Authors: Graham Thomas H. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA mild and efficient method is presented for the deprotection of N‐benzylbenzoimidazoles that are unsubstituted at the 2‐ and 4‐position as well as a range of substituted N‐benzylimidazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Isocyanide‐Less Isocyanide‐Based Multicomponent Reactions.
Authors: Neochoritis Constantinos G. , Stotani Silvia , Mishra Bhupendra , Doemling Alexander 
Published: August 2015

AbstractFormamides are found to be a general substitute for the toxic and bad smelling isocyanides in Passerini‐ and Ugi‐type multicomponent reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Aldehyde—Alkyne—Amine (A3) Coupling Catalyzed by a Highly Efficient Dicopper Complex.
Authors: Chen Hong‐Bin , Zhao Yan , Liao Yi 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe dicopper(I) complex shown is found to be a highly efficient catalyst for the synthesis of various propargyl amines via multicomponent reaction of aldehydes, alkynes, and secondary amines under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Access to (Z)‐α,γ‐Diazido‐α,β‐unsaturated Esters via Lewis Acid‐Mediated 1,3‐Diazidation of α,α‐Dimethoxy‐β,γ‐unsaturated Esters with Trimethylsilyl Azide.
Authors: Kishii Naomi , Negishi Saeka , Yamada Takeshi , Sugimura Hideyuki 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBF3·Et2O efficiently promotes the 1,3‐diazidation reaction of substrates (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition to α‐Alkylidene Cycloalkanones.
Authors: Garcia Pierre , Germain Nicolas , Woodward Simon , Alexakis Alexandre 
Published: August 2015

AbstractStarting α‐alkylidene cyclopentanones or cyclohexanones endowed with alkyl and aryl substituents on the alkylidene moiety are transformed with trialkylalumina according to the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Dual [Fe + Phosphine] Catalysis: Application in Catalytic Wittig Olefination.
Authors: Rommel Susanne , Belger Christian , Begouin Jeanne‐Marie , Plietker Bernd 
Published: August 2015

AbstractCatalytic Wittig olefination in the presence of FEP/PPh3 as the catalyst allows the synthesis of α,β‐unsaturated nitriles and esters in moderate to good yields and E/Z‐selectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1‐Arylcycloprop‐2‐ene Carboxylates with Non‐substituted Double Bond via a Rh(II)‐Catalyzed Cyclopropenation of Trimethylsilylacetylene with Coarsely Purified Aryldiazoacetates.
Authors: Edwards Andrew , Rubin Michael 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe scalable method is based on a cost‐effective continuous extraction set‐up, thus offering an easier purification and isolation of the intermediately formed aryldiazoacetates as well as the products compared to previously developed methods.
ChemInform Abstract: [2.2]Paracyclophane‐Derived Monodentate Phosphoramidite Ligands for Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Diethylzinc to Substituted Chalcones.
Authors: Han Lei , Lei Yang , Xing Ping , Zhao Xiao‐Long , Jiang Biao 
Published: August 2015

AbstractCopper‐catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of diethylzinc to chalcones is realized by using a newly synthesized [2.2]paracyclophane‐derived monodentate phosphoramidite ligand.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Direct Thiolation of C(sp3)—H Bonds in Aliphatic Amides.
Authors: Wang Xie , Qiu Renhua , Yan Chunyang , Reddy Vutukuri Prakash , Zhu Longzhi , Xu Xinhua , Yin Shuang‐Feng 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe thioethers are synthesized from the reaction of aliphatic amides and disulfides.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Directed Sulfenylation of sp2 and sp3 C—H Bonds.
Authors: Ye Xiaohan , Petersen Jeffrey L. , Shi Xiaodong 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDirect Ni‐catalyzed sulfenylation of the α‐methyl substituent of quarternary carboxylic amides bearing an aminoquinoline directing group is achieved by the reaction with aryl thiolates in the presence of LiOtBu as the base.
ChemInform Abstract: Fundamental Studies and Development of Nickel‐Catalyzed Trifluoromethylthiolation of Aryl Chlorides: Active Catalytic Species and Key Roles of Ligand and Traceless MeCN Additive Revealed.
Authors: Yin Guoyin , Kalvet Indrek , Englert Ulli , Schoenebeck Franziska 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe title reaction features broad substrate scope and inexpensive catalyst system.