bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Woolly hair generalizado: caso clínico e revisão da literatura
Authors: Lustosa Leticia de Melo , Martins Beatriz Mendonça , Junqueira Laura Magalhães , Alvarenga Ana Luísa Narciso Caetano 
Published: July 2024

Introdução: O cabelo lanoso é um distúrbio inato incomum do esqueleto do couro cabeludo caracterizado por ser excessivamente ondulado, com amplitude média de até 0,5 centímetro, taxa de crescimento habitual, porém com etapa anágena incompleta, resultando em cabelos mais curtos. Pode ser classificado em quatro tipos e pode aparecer como sinal de uma comorbidade sistêmica, reconhecido como síndrome do cabelo lanoso ou não: cabelo lanoso não sindrômico. Se difere das madeixas crespas dos negros, pois geralmente se fundem. Objetivo: Este artigo objetiva uma revisão da literatura médica acerca do tema Woolly hair generalizado e seus tratamentos, disponíveis a pacientes, Materiais e métodos: Síndrome de Woolly Hair Generalizado, e devido à raridade do caso, que foi submetido e revisão de literatura nas bases de dados PubMed, Medline e Scopus, Scielo, Anais de dermatologia. Resultados e discussão: Apesar de ter sido descrita primariamente em uma família europeia, em 1907; atualmente, a população japonesa é a que mais se relaciona aos casos dessa comorbidade, seja como alteração genética autossômica recessiva ou dominante e principalmente quando se trata de genes com variantes heterozigóticas compostas. Considerações finais: De acordo com estudos e pesquisas, não há terapêuticas eficientes para o tratamento da comorbidade citada; no entanto, existem narrativas que defendem a ideia de que Minoxidil tópico auxilie na hipotricose.
QUATRO DÉCADAS DA AIDS NO BRASIL: AVANÇOS E RETROCESSOS
Authors: Mendonça Ivan da Silva , Silva Leony Souza da , Santos Sandra Gonçalves Anes , Queiroz Edineia Graciliano , Massa Teodomira Sampaio , Albuquerque Kacia Bruno de , Queiroz Lisa Graciliano , Ferreira Rosete Pedrosa 
Published: July 2024

A AIDS surgiu na década de 1980 e até os dias atuais é uma doença sem cura, embora o tratamento adequado possa controlar a doença, possibilitando a qualidade de vida ao indivíduo infectado. Frente a isso, o objetivo desse estudo foi apresentar a evolução da Aids no Brasil, verificando avanços e retrospectos sobre as taxas de contágio e mortalidade, bem como os avanços ou retrocessos sobre as formas de tratamento e sua eficácia. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica, considerando os estudos publicados nesse século, encontrados nas bases de pesquisa Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Periódico Capes, Pubmed e Redalyc e Scielo. Os resultados indicam que a taxa de mortalidade reduziu ao longo dos anos, fato que corresponde a uma melhor qualidade de vida ofertada através da TARV. Conclui-se que o avanço médico impactou positivamente no avanço sobre o tratamento da AIDS no Brasil, embora os aspectos econômicos e sociais ainda impactem consideravelmente o acesso e adesão ao tratamento.
The Influence of Pre-Trip Medical Spanish Education on a US-Based, Medical Student Service Trip: A Cohort Study
Authors: Evensen-Martinez Maison , Santiago Mariangela , Martinez Roger , Beck Dallin , Trawick Ann , Zapata Isain , Wardle Mark 
Published: July 2024

Background: International service trips are increasingly common in medical school curricula. Medical Spanish is an essential tool in healthcare interactions with Spanish-speaking patients globally. Medical Spanish classes are offered at many medical schools, but it is not known whether they increase confidence for medical students on Spanish-speaking service trips.
Methods: A prospective cohort study of medical students attending one of two sister campuses who completed pre- and post-international medical service trip questionnaires. Data collected includes demographics, confidence, and perceived experiences. Data analyses involved a multivariable regression assuming an ordered multinomial response, FREQ procedure, and the GLIMMIX procedure on SAS STAT v.9.4.
Results: Demographics significantly associated with confidence categories are female sex, length of Spanish education, previously having lived in a Spanish country, and experience speaking Spanish with patients. Confidence communicating in Spanish shows the highest gain in significant categories post-trip while confidence working with interpreters and feeling adequately trained to treat Hispanics showed the lowest. Participants having taken Medical Spanish before did not improve their confidence. However, participants with prior Medical Spanish experience reported significantly higher benefit from this education in that it gave them an advantage and helped them connect better with patients.
Conclusion: Our findings reinforce the importance of language-concordance and confidence in patient interactions while demonstrating that prior Medical Spanish experience may not significantly improve confidence on a Spanish-speaking international trip, especially among non-fluent students. Spanish experience and proficiency should not be a deterring factor for students looking to go on a medical trip.
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Medical Education: Current Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions
Authors: Sarkar Manali , Găman Mihnea-Alexandru , Puyana Juan C. , Bonilla-Escobar Francisco J. 
Published: July 2024

AI's rise in medicine promises personalized care, better diagnoses, and innovative training. It analyzes images, predicts diseases, and tailors treatments. However, ethical concerns loom. Biased data can lead to unfair diagnoses, and some AI systems lack transparency, raising trust issues. The editorial proposes solutions: ethical frameworks, transparent AI, and legal regulations. It envisions a future where AI complements doctors, requiring collaboration across fields. To prepare future physicians, medical schools need to integrate AI and ethics into their curriculum. AI holds immense potential, but challenges must be addressed. Through collaboration and responsible development, AI can revolutionize medicine alongside human expertise.
Cultural Diversity under Sino-Myanmar Policies: Local Policies to Promote Cultural Expression and Diversity
Authors: Hong Yun , Wang Ruifu , Zhang Chunlai 
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the complex Sino-Myanmar connection and how local policies might promote cultural diversity. The mixed-methods research combines qualitative community, cultural, and policymaker interviews with quantitative policy data analysis. The comprehensive approach provides a deep understanding of cultural diversity, local regulations, and Sino-Myanmar relations. Based on this research, municipal policies can empower communities to freely and inclusively display their cultures. By valuing cultural diversity, genuine cultural interaction and contact between diverse groups can improve Sino-Myanmar relations. This study investigates cultural diversity through local policies and lived experiences to shed light on Sino-Myanmar relations and suggest strategies to improve cooperation. The research’s practical implication affects policymakers, diplomats, and practitioners who manage international relations, especially between neighbors. Culture-oriented thinking considers cultural exchange programs diplomatic tools. Geographic closeness affects cultural contact; hence community is addressed. This highlights cultural exchange programs' diplomatic relevance. According to research, diplomatic endeavors should adapt to cultural changes during political and social change. Policymakers can stabilize domestic politics using cultural diplomacy.
STRATEGI PEMASARAN DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PENJUALAN PRODUK (Studi Kasus Pada Toko Batik Benang Raja Surabaya)
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Alif , Arusita Dora Rabayana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The purpose of this observation is to determine the marketing strategy of the Surabaya branch of the Raja Yarn Batik shop by using a marketing mix. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection including observation, interviews, documentation and triangulation. The informants in this study consisted of 3 key informants and 2 supporting informants.The results of this study indicate that the role of the product in supporting increased sales at the Batik Shop Yarn Raja is to maintain the quality of products and ingredients used in accordance with consumer desires. The role of prices in supporting the increase in sales at the Batik Shop Raja Raja Surabaya by setting prices in accordance with the quality of its products and target markets. The role of the place in increasing sales at Surabaya Batik Shop is the selection of strategic locations and in the center of the crowd. Promotion's role in increasing sales at the Surabaya Raja Raja Batik Shop utilizes social media as a form of promotion such as Instagram. So the four components such as products, prices, places and promotions in the marketing mix can increase sales of batik products.
Hybrid Filtering and Probabilistic Techniques for Privacy-Preserving Community Detection in OSNs
Authors: M Shamila , Rekha G. , Reddy K. Vinuthna 
Published: July 2024

Online Social Networks (OSNs) face the major challenge of protecting participant's privacy, due to the high dimensionality and volume of the data. In real-time social networks, where hundreds of personal details of people are shared every day, there remains a significant threat to privacy. Privacy preservation is challenging for a community detection problem due to the high computational complexity and memory requirements, especially in larger real-world OSN graphs. Although weighted nodes provide better results, as they allow capturing the frequencies of the values, the privacy preservation of sensitive attributes such as specific profiles becomes harder compared to these models. This problem can result in queries and subsequent learnings from social network profiles of specific individuals, which may be of personal, political or otherwise concern. Online social networks (OSNs) grapple with significant privacy challenges due to the extensive dimensions and vast quantities of data involved. This research fills the void in current privacy-preserving community detection methodologies, which face problems in computational complexity and memory usage in large-scale OSNs. The proposed framework seeks to bolster privacy preservation through a comprehensive multi-step process. Data filtering uses a blended data filter system to remove outliers and irrelevant data, thus enhancing the quality of the input data. Density-Oriented Clustering phase employs a density-oriented clustering model to identify communities, with each cluster representing a distinct community. Privacy Preservation component introduces a new privacy preservation technique for sensitive OSN attributes, surpassing existing k-anonymization methods. The developed density-based social network community detection model and its novel privacy-preserving scheme are evaluated using the datasets Yelp, Football, Zachary and Dolphin from the SNAP dataset. Experimental results on these datasets embed a comprehensive evaluation based on the order of each node and the graph-based networks, where each node is laden with weights as proximity values, indicating the semantic proximity between communities and individuals. The proposed framework employs the normalized mutual information (NMI), modularity (Q), Rand index and runtime measurements to demonstrate widespread advantages in the multi-dimensional functional space, including greater accuracy, cluster compatibility, and computational tractability over the existing prominent traditional models for OSNs.
Assessment and Analysis of Factors Impacting Stress in Students in Higher Educational Institutes in Delhi-NCR
Authors: Kaur Kajleen , Kaur Harpreet , Kaur Jasmit , Mehra Yogeita S 
Published: July 2024

Well-being is essential to lead a fulfilling and enjoyable life. Today's fast-paced world causes stress and strain, affecting physical and mental health. The study focuses on stress among students who are anxious owing to competition and performance-oriented objectives. The study describes academic stress, deliberates its causes, and discusses its impacts and manifestations. Factors affecting the perception of stress for a sample of 633 college students in Delhi-NCR are examined. Learner assessment of stress perception is measured using twenty-five items with responses collected on a 5-point Likert Scale. Additionally, the perceived impact of stress on the health and productivity of learners is also examined using six items. The ordered logistic regression model is employed to empirically examine the impact of demographic factors, home and college environments, as well as anxiety about the future on perceived stress amongst the respondents. More than 65 percent of respondents reported facing medium or high levels of stress perception. The study finds no difference in the average stress perception based on gender, but academic pressure, family income and teachers, peer and parental pressure emerge as stress-contributing factors. Examination, curriculum, and time pressures appear to be the most significant factors affecting stress perception. An increase in perception regarding examination, curriculum and time pressures significantly increases the ordered log-odds of moving to the higher stress perception category by 1.19 units. The study makes a compelling case for shifting the focus of education from purely academic to students' holistic development. Given the increase in stress perception, coping strategies for stress management are desperately needed. Recreational activities and the provision of appropriate counselling services by higher education institutions are imperative in this respect. Additionally, parents, teachers, and policymakers working together may do a lot to help youngsters manage their stress.
El gasto público en defensa, orden público y seguridad en España y en la Unión Europea
Authors: López Vicente Fernando , Rodríguez Vives Marta , Rojas Juan 
Published: July 2024

Motivación
El objetivo de este artículo es proporcionar una panorámica sobre el gasto público en seguridad —que engloba defensa, orden público y seguridad— en la Unión Europea (UE) y en España y discutir algunas propuestas sobre la provisión y la financiación conjuntas y coordinadas de este bien público europeo.
Ideas principales
•El actual entorno de tensión geopolítica global está actuando de catalizador para reforzar la política de seguridad de la UE y fomentar su autonomía estratégica. Atender las demandas de un mayor gasto en seguridad supone una presión adicional sobre las finanzas públicas, en un contexto de elevados niveles de déficit y deuda públicos.
•El nivel de gasto público en seguridad en la UE y en España, que alcanzó en ambos casos el 3 % del PIB en 2022, es inferior al observado en otras potencias mundiales, mientras que su composición, en relación con estas últimas, presenta una asignación de recursos mayor hacia el gasto en personal y menor hacia actividades de investigación y desarrollo.
•Una reasignación del gasto en esa dirección podría generar ganancias en términos de eficiencia económica. Además, dada la consideración de la seguridad como un bien público europeo, se podrían obtener beneficios adicionales mediante una provisión y una financiación comunes y coordinadas de este.
AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ZAKAT REPORTING IN ISLAMIC BANKING INSTITUTIONS: EVIDENCE FROM MALAYSIA, INDONESIA AND BRUNEI
Authors: Tajuddin Teh Suhaila 
Published: July 2024

The reporting requirements for business zakat accounting in Islamic banking institutions are still in their early stages, with only minimal zakat disclosure currently mandated. Consequently, the disclosure of zakat accounting is insufficient despite its crucial role in enhancing transparency and accountability, building the trust and confidence of the stakeholders, and ensuring compliance with Shariah principles. The primary objective of the study is to analyze zakat reporting requirements and compare them with current business zakat reporting practices in Islamic banking institutions in Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei. This study employs a qualitative research approach by examining the annual reports of three selected Islamic Banks, chosen based on the availability and accessibility of their audited financial statements and annual reports for the financial year ending 31 December 2023. A content analysis of the annual reports of Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad, Bank Muamalat Indonesia and Bank Islam Brunei Darussalam Berhad was performed to evaluate the recognition of zakat expenses, the measurement of assets and liabilities for zakat, and the presentation and disclosure of business zakat. The findings are mixed yet interesting. In the absence of approved accounting standards for Islamic financial institutions, Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad has demonstrated full disclosure practices on its business zakat reporting. Whereas, Bank Muamalat Indonesia is still insufficient in reporting the business zakat despite having a proper accounting standard for zakat. For Bank Islam Brunei Darussalam, the business zakat reporting is adequate even though Brunei has only one enactment related to zakat collection and distribution. The measurement, recognition, presentation, and disclosure criteria should be upheld, with additional requirements for full disclosure by zakat-paying business entities. This study proposes the proper establishment of zakat accounting standards to provide comparable and reliable financial information for various stakeholders.
Pengaruh Budaya Kolaborasi dan Keterlibatan Mahasiwa pada Feasibility Project Study terhadap Tingkat Kepuasaan Mahasiswa, Dimediasi oleh Kinerja Hasil
Authors: Heni Kusumawati  
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bukti empiris dampak Budaya Kolaborasi dan Keterlibatan Mahasiswa terhadap Tingkat Kepuasaan pada Project Based Learning, dengan Net Benefit sebagai faktor pemediasi. Obyek penelitian adalah mahasiswa yang mengambil matakuliah Studi Kelayakan Bisnis di perguruan tinggi di Yogyakarta. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 100 responden mahasiswa semester akhir yang menempuh matakuliah Studi Kelayakan Bisnis. Metodologi penelitian untuk menguji pengaruh variable bebas terhadap variable terikat dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode analisis statistik multivariat pengembangan dari regresi dan analisis jalur Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).
Berdasarkan hasil olah data, nilai Average Variance Extracted (AVE) semua variable di atas 0,5 dan nilai Cronbach’s alpha di atas 0,7 artinya data valid dan reliabel. Berdasarkan uji asumsi klasik pada penelitian ini, tidak terdapat masalah multikolinearitas data berdistribusi normal. Penelitian ini menemukan hasil bahwa budaya kolaborasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap pencapaian kinerja hasil, sementara keterlibatan mahasiswa berpengaruh terhadap kinerja hasil dalam penyelesaian proyek. Sedangkan kinerja hasil yang semakin tinggi, mendorong Tingkat kepuasan mahasiswa dalam pelaksanaan proyek Studi Kelayakan Bisnis. Peran Kinerja Hasil (Net Benefit) memediasi pengaruh keterlibatan mahasiswa dalam pencapaian Tingkat kepuasaan. Sedangkan pada pengaruh hubungan variable Kolaborasi terhadap Tingkat Kepuasaan, tidak melibatkan peran Kinerja Hasil.
Comparison of Time and Rate of Achieving Minimal Clinically Important Difference: Robotic Versus Manual Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Lim Perry L. , Sayeed Zain , Gonzalez Marcos R. , Melnic Christopher M. , Bedair Hany S. 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Robotics in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) continues to increase with the ever-growing demand to use technology in the surgical setting. However, no studies have used minimal clinically important difference (MCID) to compare patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) between robotic UKA (rUKA) and manual UKA (mUKA). This study aimed to compare the rate of achieving MCID for improvement (MCID-I) and worsening (MCID-W) and the time to achieving MCID.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective analysis of robotic and manual UKAs performed between 2016 and 2022. Preoperative and postoperative Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Physical, PROMIS Physical Function Short-Form 10a (PF-10a), and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score-Physical Function Short-Form (KOOS-PS) scores were collected. Patients were stratified on reaching MCID-I, MCID-W, or “no notable change” (score between MCID-W and MCID-I). Survival curves with and without interval censoring were used to assess the time to achieving the MCID. Log-rank and weighted log-rank tests were used to compare groups.

Results:
A total of 256 UKAs (64 robotic and 192 manual) were analyzed. No differences were observed in the proportion of patients achieving MCID-I or MCID-W across all three PROMs. Similarly, median time to achieving MCID showed no significant differences between rUKA and mUKA for PROMIS Global Physical (3.3 versus 4.9 months, P = 0.44), PROMIS PF-10a (7.7 versus 8.3 months, P = 0.93), and KOOS-PS (3.0 versus 6.0 months, P = 0.055) scores, both with and without interval censoring.

Discussion:
This study indicates that rUKA and mUKA exhibit comparable rates of achieving MCID-I and MCID-W, along with similar median time to reach MCID. These findings offer valuable patient-centric insights into the effectiveness of rUKA. Additional studies evaluating the long-term outcomes of rUKA are needed to determine its long-term advantages.

Level of evidence:
Level III, retrospective comparative study.
IMPLANT AESTHETICS- AN OVERVIEW
Authors: NAGARAJ HARSHVARDHINI ,   DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, SREE MOOKAMBIKA INSTITUTE OF DENTAL SCIENCES, KANYAKUMARI, MOHAN APARNA , CHANDRAMOHAN GIRI , JIM HINES ALLEN 
Published: July 2024

Dental implant therapy is by far the closest replacement to natural teeth when compared to other fixed prosthetic alternatives. Aesthetic implant therapy enhances every aspect of oral implantology, thus evolving into a fundamental component of contemporary implant dentistry. Lately, significant advancements have been made, such as the development or regeneration of implant recipient sites through the stimulation of both soft and hard tissues, as well as the replication of sound peri-implant tissue architecture that are resistant to masticatory trauma and mechanical forces. Modern esthetic approaches require patient's preferences to be taken into consideration, and spontaneous addressal to their specific issues have become inevitable in modern aesthetic implant practice from a restorative sense. This review examines the key historical context surrounding dental implant aesthetics and outlines the various crucial elements that are necessary to guarantee a solid foundation to an aesthetically pleasing implant with stable anchorage. If aesthetic risk factors are to be identified and appropriately managed, then an interdisciplinary, systematic, prosthetically driven approach is required.