bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights Into the Lives of Indonesian Female Tablighi Jama’at
Authors: NISA EVA F. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractTablighi Jama’at is one of the most popular Islamic purist movements in the world. Although it has a growing presence in Indonesia, the world's largest Muslim country, little research has thus far been done on its activities in that country. To gain access to Indonesian society, the Tablighi Jama’at has been particularly original in choosing a uniquely Indonesian institution as its entry point: thepesantren(Islamic boarding schools). The role ofpesantrenfor the Tablighis in Indonesia is not confined to spreading Islamic knowledge, they also serve as a hub of Tablighi activities. This paper focuses on examining the role of the Tablighipesantrenin shaping and transmitting religious knowledge to its Indonesian followers, and in particular to female followers, as there is to date no scholarship on this topic. It analyses the life experiences of female Tablighis inside and outside thepesantrenand their passion to belong to a global imagined Tablighi community. Transnational travel of female Tablighis from diverse neighbouring countries is a central part of thepesantrenexperience. For Indonesian Tablighi women, the presence of these female guests and foreign students who are enrolled in thepesantrenplay a significant role in strengthening their passionate desire to be part of the global Tablighi Jama’atumma.
L.T. Hobhouse and the transformation of liberal internationalism
Authors: HOLTHAUS LEONIE 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis article explores L. T. Hobhouse's transformation of liberal internationalism at the beginning of the twentieth century. It argues that Hobhouse's thought contributes to understanding dilemmas within the frame of liberal internationalism and the emergence of international functionalism. Using a philosophical approach, Hobhouse tackled international concerns throughout his life, alongside J. A. Hobson, Gilbert Murray, James Bryce, H. N. Brailsford, Norman Angell, and G. L. Dickinson. He restated a belief in human progress and association in ever-greater circles. But he noted,contraformer hopes, that nationalism furthered democracy only briefly, and that liberal democracy remained incapable of bringing about effective international cooperation and moral universalism. In order to resolve this impasse, Hobhouse suggested substituting political with economic democracy on an international scale. The aim was to create an international functional organisation consisting of vocational and civic associations and states, which would allow individuals to entertain multiple, overlapping, and transnational loyalties. He thus anticipated proposals for global reform that became increasingly popular after the end of World War II. However, in spite of his concern with domestic social equality and his borrowing from international socialism, Hobhouse failed to qualify his internationalism with an analogous interest in equality.
The Relationship between the International Criminal Court and its Host State: The Impact on Human Rights
Authors: IRVING EMMA 
Published: February 2014

AbstractWhen an international criminal tribunal establishes its headquarters in a state, its legal relationship with that state must be carved out. This legal relationship has the potential to exclude the applicability of human rights protection by curtailing the host state's jurisdiction in parts of its territory. Despite this, there is little clarity as to when when such curtailment should arise. This problem is illustrated by the situation regarding witnesses at the International Criminal Court, which has recently been the subject of decisions of the Hague District Court and of the European Court of Human Rights. These two courts disagree on the threshold at which the human rights issues engaged by the situation are brought under the jurisdiction of the Netherlands. This article submits that the European Court in Djokaba Lambi Longa v. The Netherlands set the threshold for jurisdiction under the Convention too high. In applying easily distinguishable previous case law, and failing to take into account all relevant facts, the Court's finding of inadmissibility is unconvincing. The Dutch Court, on the other hand, took a broader approach from which the European Court of Human Rights could learn. Ultimately the two decisions give contrasting interpretations of the relationship between the ICC and its host state, which could have wider ramifications.
Effect of ambient light exposure of media and embryos on development and quality of porcine parthenogenetically activated embryos
Authors: Li Rong , Liu Ying , Pedersen Hanne Skovsgaard , Callesen Henrik 
Published: February 2014

SummaryLight exposure is a common stress factor during in vitro handling of oocytes and embryos that originates from both microscope and ambient light. In the current study, the effect of two types of ambient light (daylight and laboratory light) on porcine parthenogenetically activated (PA) embryos was tested in two experiments: (1) ambient light on medium subsequently used for embryo in vitro development; and (2) ambient light exposure on activated oocytes before in vitro development. The results from Experiment 1 showed that exposure of culture medium to both types of ambient light decreased the percentage of blastocysts that showed good morphology, only after 24 h exposure. The results from Experiment 2 revealed a reduction in both blastocyst formation and quality when activated oocytes were exposed to both types of ambient light. This effect was seen after only 1 h exposure and increased with time. In conclusion, exposure to ambient light can be harmful to embryo development, both when medium is exposed for a long period of time and, to a greater extent, when the embryo itself is exposed for >1 h. In practice, it is therefore recommended to protect both culture medium and porcine embryos against ambient light during in vitro handling in the laboratory.
Effect of different types of sesquiterpene lactones on the maturation of Rhinella arenarum oocytes
Authors: Sánchez-Toranzo G. , Zapata-Martínez J. , Catalán C. , Bühler M.I. 
Published: February 2014

SummaryThe sesquiterpene lactones (STLs) are a large class of plant secondary metabolites that are generally found in the Asteraceae family and that have high diversity with respect to chemical structure as well as biological activity. STLs have been classified into different groups, such as guaianolides, germacranolides, and melampolides etc., based on their carboxylic skeleton. In amphibians, fully grown ovarian oocytes are arrested at the beginning of meiosis I. Under the stimulus of progesterone, this meiotic arrest is released and meiosis progresses to metaphase II, a process known as oocyte maturation. The purpose of this work was to determine whether sesquiterpene lactones from the germacranolide and melampolide groups act as inhibitor agents on the meiosis of amphibian oocytes in vitro. Results for germacranolides indicated that the addition of deoxyelephantopins caused a high degree of inhibition and that minimolide showed a moderate inhibitory effect, whereas glaucolide A was inactive. Furthermore, the addition of melampolides (uvedalin, enhydrin, polymatin A and polymatin B) showed inhibitory effects. For enhydrin and uvedalin, inhibitory effects were observed at the higher concentrations assayed. The results of this study suggest that the inhibitory activity of the tested sesquiterpene lactones on the meiosis of Rhinella arenarum oocytes is not dependent on the group to which they belong, i.e. not on the carboxylic skeleton, but probably due to the arrangement and type of function groups present in the molecules. All assayed lactones in the germacranolide group showed low toxicity. In contrast, important differences in toxicity were observed for lactones from the melampolide group: enhydrin and uvedalin showed low toxicity, but polymatin A and B were highly toxic.
Computerized Neurocognitive Testing within 1 Week of Sport-Related Concussion: Meta-analytic Review and Analysis of Moderating Factors
Authors: Kontos Anthony P. , Braithwaite Rock , Dakan Scott , Elbin R.J. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to perform a meta-analysis assessing the effects of sport-related concussion as measured by computerized neurocognitive tests (NCT) 1-week post injury. Thirty-seven studies involving 3960 participants between 2000 and 2011 were included. Hedge'sgprovides an adjusted effect size for smaller sample sizes and was calculated for overall and cognitive task effects, and subgroup analyses were conducted for age, type of NCT, and sport. Concussions had a low negative effect (g= −0.16;p< .001) across all groups, outcomes, and time points. Code substitution (g= −0.27;p< .05), visual memory (g= −0.25;p< .05), processing speed (g= −0.18;p< .05), and memory (g= −0.21;p< .05) tasks demonstrated negative effects for concussion. Younger adolescents had lower (g= −0.29;p< .05) NCT performance than older adolescents (g= −0.01) and college aged athletes (g= −0.11). ImPACT studies (g= −0.19;p< .05) demonstrated a negative effect for concussion as did those involving contact sports (g= −0.20;p< .05). A low to moderate overall effect size of concussion on neurocognitive performance was supported. Subgroup analyses revealed different effect sizes for specific cognitive tasks, types of NCTs, age, and type of sport. (JINS, 2014,20, 1–9)
A frontier functions approach to optimal scales of sustainable production
Authors: Hoang Viet-Ngu 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis paper translates the concepts of sustainable production to three dimensions of economic, environmental and ecological sustainability to analyze optimal production scales by solving optimizing problems. Economic optimization seeks input-output combinations to maximize profits. Environmental optimization searches for input-output combinations that minimize the polluting effects of materials balance on the surrounding environment. Ecological optimization looks for input-output combinations that minimize the cumulative destruction of the entire ecosystem. Using an aggregate space, the framework illustrates that these optimal scales are often not identical because markets fail to account for all negative externalities. Profit-maximizing firms normally operate at the scales which are larger than optimal scales from the viewpoints of environmental and ecological sustainability; hence policy interventions are favoured. The framework offers a useful tool for efficiency studies and policy implication analysis. The paper provides an empirical investigation using a data set of rice farms in South Korea.
Application of Dynamic Impedance Spectroscopy to Scanning Probe Microscopy
Authors: Tobiszewski Mateusz Tomasz , Arutunow Anna , Darowicki Kazimierz 
Published: February 2014

AbstractDynamic impedance spectroscopy, designed for measuring nonstationary systems, was used in combination with scanning probe microscopy. Using this approach, impedance mapping could be carried-out simultaneously with topography scanning. Therefore, correlation of electrical properties with particular phases of an examined sample was possible. The sample used in this study was spheroidal graphite cast iron with clearly defined phases having significantly different properties. Additionally, impedance-force curves were made at graphite precipitation and ferrite matrix to illustrate the relation between impedance and the force applied to a probe.
A study to assess the feasibility of using CT (±diagnostic MRI) instead of MRI at brachytherapy in image guided brachytherapy in cervical cancer
Authors: Rai Bhavana , Patel Firuza D. , Tomar Parsee , Singh Oinam A. , Simha Vijai , Dhanireddy Bhaswanth , Sharma Suresh C. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractPurposeTo compare the contours and dose volume histograms (DVH) parameters of the high-risk clinical target volume (HRCTV) contoured on computed tomography (CT) using clinical findings at brachytherapy, clinical findings at brachytherapy with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at diagnosis and HRCTV defined on MRI at brachytherapy in cervical cancer patients.Materials and methodsFifteen patients undergoing MRI-guided image-based brachytherapy underwent both CT and MRI after applicator insertion. Two sets of contours were defined on CT. In the first set, the HRCTV was defined with the help of clinical findings at brachytherapy (CT-HRCTV). In the second set, HRCTV was defined with MRI at diagnosis and clinical findings at brachytherapy (CT-HRCTVdmri). This was compared with the HRCTV defined on MRI at brachytherapy (MR-HRCTV). The doses to the organs at risk (OARs) were compared for CT and MRI.ResultsA significant overestimation of the maximum width and width at point A was observed for CT-HRCTV (p −0·00; 0·00) and CT-HRCTVdmri (p −0·03; 0·01), respectively. The height was underestimated with CT-HRCTV in patients with intrauterine disease extension. For a single fraction, the mean difference in the D90 for the CT contours was <1 Gy. The doses to the OARs were comparable.ConclusionsCT may be an alternative when facilities for MRI image-based brachytherapy are lacking, provided at least one MRI is available before brachytherapy.
Chemical coping versus pseudoaddiction in patients with cancer pain
Authors: Kwon Jung Hye , Tanco Kimberson , Hui David , Reddy Akhila , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: February 2014

AbstractObjective:The purpose of this case series was to describe patients with aberrant drug-related behaviors and similar patterns of dose escalation in whom interdisciplinary assessment revealed different bases for their dose increases.Method:During the period from December 26 to December 30, 2011, the medical records of two patients with opioid-related aberrant behaviors were reviewed.Results:We described two patients with a significant cancer history and different comorbidities who presented with different aberrant drug-related behaviors and opioid requirements.Significance of Results:Opioid-related aberrant behaviors can be interpreted in different ways, and two of the more common syndromes in cancer patients are chemical coping and pseudoaddiction. In advanced cancer patients, the boundaries between these conditions are not as clear, and diagnosis is often made retrospectively. Furthermore, there have been relatively limited studies describing these two syndromes. Thus, they continue to pose a diagnostic and treatment challenge that requires different approaches for effective management of symptoms. The key characteristic between the two syndromes is that the behaviors displayed in chemical coping are motivated by obtaining opioids to relieve psychosocial distress, while in pseudoaddiction these behaviors are motivated by uncontrolled nociceptive input. Close monitoring of the pain syndromes, aberrant behaviors, and opioid requirements over several visits is usually necessary to distinguish the two syndromes.
Coming down from the trees: Is terrestrial activity in Bornean orangutans natural or disturbance driven?
Authors: Ancrenaz Marc , Sollmann Rahel , Meijaard Erik , Hearn Andrew J. , Ross Joanna , Samejima Hiromitsu , Loken Brent , Cheyne Susan M. , Stark Danica J. , Gardner Penny C. , Goossens Benoit , Mohamed Azlan , Bohm Torsten , Matsuda Ikki , Nakabayasi Miyabi , Lee Shan Khee , Bernard Henry , Brodie Jedediah , Wich Serge , Fredriksson Gabriella , Hanya Goro , Harrison Mark E. , Kanamori Tomoko , Kretzschmar Petra , Macdonald David W. , Riger Peter , Spehar Stephanie , Ambu Laurentius N. , Wilting Andreas 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe orangutan is the world's largest arboreal mammal and images of the red ape moving through the tropical forest canopy symbolise its typical arboreal behaviour. Records of terrestrial behaviour are scarce and often associated with habitat disturbance. We conducted a large-scale species-level analysis of ground-based camera-trapping data to evaluate the extent to which Bornean orangutans Pongo pygmaeus come down from the trees to travel terrestrially and whether they are indeed forced to the ground primarily by anthropogenic forest disturbances. Although the degree of forest disturbance and canopy gap size influenced terrestriality, orangutans were recorded on the ground as frequently in heavily degraded habitats as in primary forests. Furthermore, all age-sex classes were recorded on the ground (flanged males more often). This suggests that terrestrial locomotion is part of the Bornean orangutan's natural behavioural repertoire to a much greater extent than previously thought and is only modified by habitat disturbance. The capacity of orangutans to come down from the trees may increase their ability to cope with at least smaller-scale forest fragmentation and to cross moderately open spaces in mosaic landscapes, although the extent of this versatility remains to be investigated.
Mitigation of windfarm power fluctuation by adaptive linear neuron‐based power tracking method with flexible learning rate
Authors: Jannati Mohsen , Hosseinian S.H. , Vahidi Behrooz , Li Guo‐Jie 
Published: February 2014

Most wind turbine generators installed in large windfarms are of variable speed types operating at the maximum power point tracking mode to generate the maximum amount of power. Owing to this fact and regarding the random nature of the windspeed, the output power of the windfarm fluctuates. Fluctuating power is a serious problem for high capacity power plants and should be smoothed. As an effective factor on the required battery energy storage system (BESS) capacity value, tracking is the most important part performed by a coordinated control system in the power smoothing process. An ADAptive LInear NEuron (ADALINE)‐based power tracking method with a flexible learning rate is proposed in this study. Furthermore, a particle swarm optimisation‐based calculation of the learning rate is presented for optimising the proposed tracking method which reduces the required BESS capacity and the investment cost. Moreover, a charging/discharging algorithm for the BESS units is proposed which decreases the number of required BESS units and increases their useful life by reducing the switching activity as well. To evaluate the performance of the proposed coordinated control approach, the real output data of a 99 MW windfarm are tested. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
A lipid-mediated conformational switch modulates the thermosensing activity of DesK
Authors: Inda María Eugenia , Vandenbranden Michel , Fernández Ariel , de Mendoza Diego , Ruysschaert Jean-Marie , Cybulski Larisa Estefanía 
Published: February 2014

Significance
Environmental temperature variations affect most biological processes and reactions, and cells must adapt accordingly. One such example is the fine-tuned regulation of membrane fluidity and its impact on a large array of cell physiological processes. How do cells “sense” membrane fluidity? Here, we discovered that the bacterial histidine-kinase, DesK, transmits temperature information through lipid-mediated conformational changes of a region of the protein that links its membrane sensor domain with its catalytic domain and activates the expression of a desaturase, which allows membrane fluidity to be recovered at this lower temperature. Because many thermosensors and other types of sensors contain similar linker domains, the mechanism we describe here could prove a general theme.
A benchmark for comparison of cell tracking algorithms
Authors: Maška Martin , Ulman Vladimír , Svoboda David , Matula Pavel , Matula Petr , Ederra Cristina , Urbiola Ainhoa , España Tomás , Venkatesan Subramanian , Balak Deepak M.W. , Karas Pavel , Bolcková Tereza , Štreitová Markéta , Carthel Craig , Coraluppi Stefano , Harder Nathalie , Rohr Karl , Magnusson Klas E. G. , Jaldén Joakim , Blau Helen M. , Dzyubachyk Oleh , Křížek Pavel , Hagen Guy M. , Pastor-Escuredo David , Jimenez-Carretero Daniel , Ledesma-Carbayo Maria J. , Muñoz-Barrutia Arrate , Meijering Erik , Kozubek Michal , Ortiz-de-Solorzano Carlos 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Motivation: Automatic tracking of cells in multidimensional time-lapse fluorescence microscopy is an important task in many biomedical applications. A novel framework for objective evaluation of cell tracking algorithms has been established under the auspices of the IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging 2013 Cell Tracking Challenge. In this article, we present the logistics, datasets, methods and results of the challenge and lay down the principles for future uses of this benchmark.
Results: The main contributions of the challenge include the creation of a comprehensive video dataset repository and the definition of objective measures for comparison and ranking of the algorithms. With this benchmark, six algorithms covering a variety of segmentation and tracking paradigms have been compared and ranked based on their performance on both synthetic and real datasets. Given the diversity of the datasets, we do not declare a single winner of the challenge. Instead, we present and discuss the results for each individual dataset separately.
Availability and implementation: The challenge Web site (http://www.codesolorzano.com/celltrackingchallenge) provides access to the training and competition datasets, along with the ground truth of the training videos. It also provides access to Windows and Linux executable files of the evaluation software and most of the algorithms that competed in the challenge.
Contact: codesolorzano@unav.es
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
On the formation of warped gas discs in galaxies
Authors: Haan S. , Braun R. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
We consider the most commonly occurring circumstances which apply to galaxies, namely membership in galaxy groups of about 1013 h−1 M⊙ total mass, and estimate the accompanying physical conditions of intergalactic medium (IGM) density and the relative galaxy–IGM space velocity. We then investigate the dynamical consequences of such a typical galaxy–IGM interaction on a rotating gaseous disc within the galaxy potential. We find that the rotating outer disc is systematically distorted into a characteristic ‘warp’ morphology, of the type that has been well-documented in the majority of well-studied nearby systems. The distortion is established rapidly, within 2 rotation periods, and is long-lived, surviving for at least 10. A second consequence of the interaction is the formation of a one-arm retrograde spiral wave pattern that propagates in the disc. We suggest that the ubiquity of the warp phenomenon might be used to reconstruct both the IGM density profile and individual member orbits within galaxy groups.