bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the impact of oral hygiene instruction and digital oral health education within cardiac rehabilitation clinics: A protocol for a novel, dual centre, parallel randomised controlled trial
Authors: Church Lauren , Spahr Axel , Marschner Simone , Wallace Janet , Chow Clara , King Shalinie 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Diseases of the periodontal tissues including gingivitis and periodontitis can affect up to 90% and 50% of the population respectively. These conditions are multifactorial inflammatory conditions involving a dysbiotic biofilm that, if left untreated, can lead to the destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth and have significant systemic implications, specifically on cardiovascular health. The elevation of inflammatory markers, particularly high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), are strongly associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis, a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). HsCRP as well as other inflammatory markers can be detected in blood samples as early as 21 days after ceasing toothbrushing, due to the immune response to stagnant oral biofilm. The most effective way to ensure oral biofilm cannot remain on oral tissues, thus preventing periodontitis and reducing inflammatory CVD risk, is with good oral hygiene. The primary aim of this study is to assess whether individualised oral hygiene instruction (OHI) partnered with a digital oral health education (DOHE) package can improve the oral health of patients living with CVD.

Methods and analysis
A total of 165 participants will be recruited from the Westmead and Blacktown Mt Druitt cardiac rehabilitation out-patient clinics into this dual centre, single blind, parallel design, randomised controlled trial. A baseline oral health clinical examination will be completed, followed by a self-report questionnaire before they are randomised in a 1:1:1 ratio into one of 3 arms as follows: individualised OHI partnered with DOHE (Group A), (Group B) DOHE only (Group B), and control/usual care (no oral health education) (Group C). Groups will have their intervention repeated at the 6-week follow-up. After completing the 12-week follow-up, Group B and Group C will receive tailored OHI. Group C will also receive the DOHE package. The primary outcome is the change in approximal plaque index score between baseline and 6-week follow up.

Ethics and dissemination
The study has been approved by the Western Sydney Local Health District Human Ethics Committee 2023/ETH00516. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at conferences.

Trial registration number
ACTRN12623000449639p ANZCTR: https://www.anzctr.org.au/.
Discharge teaching quality positively predicts quality of life in colorectal cancer patients with temporary enterostomy: The mediating role of readiness for hospital discharge and stoma self-efficacy
Authors: Lin Liying , Fang Yifang , Huang Feifei , Zhang Xiaoying , Zheng Jianwei , Xiao Huimin 
Published: July 2024

Objectives
This study aimed to examine the mediating role of readiness for hospital discharge (RHD) and stoma self-efficacy (SSE) in the relationship between quality of discharge teaching (QDT) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in colorectal cancer patients with temporary enterostomy, and the gender difference of mediating effect.

Background
It is not clear how RHD, QDT, SSE and HRQOL interact in colorectal cancer patients with temporary enterostomy.

Methods
This was a prospective follow-up survey. 221 colorectal cancer patients with temporary enterostomy were conveniently recruited from a general hospital in Southeast China. The Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale, Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale, Stoma Self-Efficacy Scale, and Stoma Quality of Life Scale were used to collect data. Pearson’s correlation and structural equation models were used to analyze the data. SPSS 26.0 and Amos 28.0 software were used for analysis the collected data.

Results
Regarding the relationship of QDT and HRQOL, only QDT-T had a direct effect among colorectal cancer patients with stomas (b = 0.233, P<0.001, percentile 95% CI = [0.145, 0.314]). However, both QDT-T and QDT-R can predict HRQOL indirectly through three paths: (1) the mediating role of SSE (b = 0.050, P = 0.009, percentile 95% CI = [0.013, 0.098]; b = 0.077, P = 0.008, percentile 95% CI = [0.021, 0.164]), (2) the mediating role of RHD (b = 0.044, P = 0.004, percentile 95% CI = [0.014, 0.085]; b = 0.044, P = 0.005, percentile 95% CI = [0.010, 0.102]), and (3) the chain mediating role of SSE and RHD (b = 0.030, P = 0.003, percentile 95% CI = [0.011, 0.059]; b = 0.047, P = 0.003, percentile 95% CI = [0.015, 0.103]). The similar chain mediating effect in male stoma patients was also found (b = 0.041, P = 0.002, percentile 95% CI = [0.016, 0.080]; b = 0.046, P = 0.004, percentile 95% CI = [0.011, 0.114]).

Conclusions
Stoma self-efficacy and readiness for hospital discharge played important intermediary roles in the relationship between quality of discharge teaching and health-related quality of life in colorectal cancer patients with stomas. Health care providers can design SSE-enhancing and RHD-enhancing discharge planning for colorectal cancer patients with temporary enterostomies.
“I became a person again”: Social inclusion and participation experiences of Ethiopian women post-obstetric fistula surgical repair
Authors: Debele Tibeb Zena , Macdonald Danielle , Aldersey Heather M. , Mengistu Zelalem , Mekonnen Dawit Gebeyehu , Batorowicz Beata 
Published: July 2024

Background
Childbirth-related mortality and morbidity affect many women globally, especially in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Obstetric fistula–a preventable condition mainly caused by prolonged and obstructed labor–can lead to physical, psychological, and social challenges, affecting women’s social participation and inclusion.

Objective
This study aims to understand women’s social participation and inclusion experiences post-obstetric fistula surgery.

Methods
This study is part of a larger research project investigating the social inclusion process of women who have had obstetric fistula surgery in Ethiopia. For this study, we conducted a qualitative exploration of women’s experiences, guided by a constructivist grounded theory approach. Twenty-one women discharged from fistula treatment facilities following obstetric fistula surgery were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. Data was analyzed using Charmaz’s inductive analysis approach, which involves an initial line-by-line coding followed by focused coding to identify the most significant codes. Subsequently, sub-themes and themes were developed from the focused codes.

Result
The data analysis revealed four themes reflecting the women’s experiences of social participation and inclusion. These are the experience of recovery and the journey toward social participation, participating in expected and meaningful activities, the continued challenge with a romantic relationship, and formal and informal support. Overall, the women who received fistula surgery reported positive life changes, especially regarding their physical well-being. However, they continued to face social challenges such as financial hardship, reproductive health problems, and issues with marriage and family life, which negatively impacted their social participation and inclusion experiences.

Conclusion
While more research is needed, the findings of this study suggest that the social aspects of obstetric fistula are crucial for healthcare professionals to consider. Providing appropriate care and support to address unmet social relationship, employment, and childcare needs could enable women to lead fulfilling lives.
Gambaran Kesadaran, Pengetahuan, Dan Sikap Mahasiswa Keperawatan Terkait Bantuan Hidup Dasar
Authors: Husna Chintya 'aisyah Labibah , Utami Reni Sulung , Ropyanto Chandra Bagus 
Published: July 2024

Pendahuluan: Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) merupakan upaya penyelamatan yang pertama kali dilakukan pada korban gawat darurat seperti henti jantung dan henti nafas. Mahasiswa keperawatan merupakan calon tenaga kesehatan yang berpotensi menjadi penolong pada situasi gawat darurat.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kesadaran, pengetahuan, dan sikap mahasiswa keperawatan terkait BHD. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Sebanyak 295 mahasiswa keperawatan Universitas Diponegoro menjadi responden dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner Kesadaran, Pengetahuan, dan Sikap BHD secara online dan data dianalisis secara univariat.Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar mahasiswa memiliki kesadaran BHD yang baik. Namun, pengetahuan dan sikap tentang BHD mereka tidak jauh berbeda antara yang baik dan kurang baik. Kesalahan terbanyakyaitu pada bagian rasio, kedalaman pijat jantung dan ventilasi, dan letak defibrillator. Mahasiswa cenderung lebih ingin memberikan pertolongan kepada orang yang dikenal daripada orang yang tidak dikenal. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diharapkan mahasiswa dapat meningkatkan kompetensi BHD khususnya pada aspek pengetahuan dan sikap, serta dibutuhkan metode pempelajaran yang tepat seperti skenario dan simulasi untukmeningkatkan kompetensi BHD mahasiswa keperawatan.
The International Olympic Committee as policymaker: Identifying the leading areas of change in candidature, delivery and legacy aspects of the Olympic Games
Authors: Jastrząbek Julia 
Published: July 2024

Studies on policy process provide a practical methodological approach for analysing how identified problems are addressed, or how other issues receive special attention from the entities responsible for policy design. In this article, it is argued that the International Olympic Committee (IOC), as an international non-governmental not-for-profit organization, has its own initiative to design policies and reforms aimed at solving problems and challenges that emerge during each stage of the Olympic Games lifecycle: candidature process, event organization, and realization of legacy strategy. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to identify the leading areas of change in the policy created by the IOC, based on the analysis of strategic documents published by this organization or its appointed commissions. The research applies qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative part is based on a critical literature review, elements of a case study, desk research, and comparative analysis. Quantitative methods are represented by the visualization of statistical data and the ‘text as data’ approach, where the IOC documents are analysed in the integrated development environment R Studio by using functions included in the quanteda R package. The main findings demonstrate the growing importance of sustainability and legacy in all aspects of the Olympic Games lifecycle, along with the implementation of consecutive policy reforms. One interesting conclusion that emerged from the analysis is that some recommendations are very similar or even recurrent. In this study, the research attention is also drawn to the fact that the usefulness and effectiveness of the policies implemented at various stages of the Olympic Games lifecycle are contingent upon the quality of the institutions of the host countries.
Przyszłość instytucji małżeństwa w opiniach małżonków z długim stażem małżeńskim
Authors: Żurek Aldona 
Published: July 2024

W Polsce, podobnie jak w innych krajach Unii Europejskiej, z dekady na dekadę ubywa małżeństw. Jest to spowodowane dwoma zjawiskami: malejącą liczbą zawieranych związków instytucjonalnych oraz wzrastającą liczbą rozwodów. W związku z tym należy zadać pytanie o to, jaka będzie przyszłość tej instytucji społecznej. Próbą odpowiedzi na nie są wyniki badań, których obiektem byli małżonkowie pozostający w długotrwałych związkach małżeńskich. Ogółem przeprowadzono 24 wywiady z osobami pozostającymi w związkach małżeńskich od co najmniej 25 lat. Respondenci z perspektywy własnych doświadczeń oraz decyzji dotyczących życia intymnego ich potomstwa wskazywali na cechy instytucji małżeńskiej, a także na zadania, jakie ta instytucja pełni wobec jednostek i społeczeństwa. Wypowiadali się również na temat przyszłości instytucji małżeństwa. Ich prognozy nie były optymistyczne. Małżeństwo, w ich opinii, jest instytucją, która wymaga wielu wyrzeczeń od partnerów, często nie dając korzyści, których spodziewają się małżonkowie. Współcześnie związek małżeński to alternatywa dla innych postaci życia osobistego, takich jak konkubinaty, samotne rodzicielstwo czy singlostwo.
Recuperación de espermatozoides de la orina en hombres con eyaculación retrógrada
Authors: Veiga Álvarez Ernesto , Zopeque García Nuria , Gutiérrez Romero Javier M. , Reimundo Díaz-Fierros Pilar , Lozano Arana María D. , Rodríguez Pérez Tamara , Sánchez Álvarez Javier , Bueno Rodríguez Guadalupe , Castañón Bernardo Vanesa , Moyano Gallego María J. 
Published: July 2024

Resumen

Introducción
La eyaculación retrógrada (ER) es la ausencia total o parcial de emisión del esperma, con la consecuente derivación del semen hacia la vejiga durante la fase de emisión de la eyaculación. Existe un grupo de pacientes en los que la evaluación del eyaculado no es suficiente para su detección. Y, en ocasiones, va a ser necesario recurrir a la utilización de métodos invasivos como la extracción de fluido epididimario, o la biopsia testicular para tratar su infertilidad.

Contenido
El documento define la ER, y los métodos para su diagnóstico. También aborda la detección de espermatozoides en la orina poseyaculado (OPE), la preparación y recuperación de espermatozoides de la orina, y su uso posterior en técnicas de reproducción asistida.

Resumen
El diagnóstico de ER se basa en la detección de espermatozoides en OPE en pacientes con aspermia o con oligozoospermia y volumen seminal bajo o normal. Aunque la presencia de espermatozoides en OPE podría considerarse por sí misma diagnóstica de ER, existe una falta de consenso en cuanto a definir exactamente los criterios diagnósticos y son muy pocos los estudios que los describen. Un correcto diagnóstico de la ER permite utilizar OPE para la obtención de espermatozoides y su posterior uso en técnicas de reproducción humana asistida, evitando técnicas invasivas.

Perspectivas
Un importante número de pacientes con ER puede permanecer sin diagnosticar. Por ello, es fundamental realizar el estudio de ER en pacientes con sospecha, mediante el estudio de la OPE, siendo necesaria una adecuada interpretación de los resultados para su correcto diagnóstico.
The potential, limitations, and future of diagnostics enhanced by generative artificial intelligence
Authors: Hirosawa Takanobu , Shimizu Taro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This short communication explores the potential, limitations, and future directions of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) in enhancing diagnostics.

Methods
This commentary reviews current applications and advancements in GAI, particularly focusing on its integration into medical diagnostics. It examines the role of GAI in supporting medical interviews, assisting in differential diagnosis, and aiding clinical reasoning through the lens of dual-process theory. The discussion is supported by recent examples and theoretical frameworks to illustrate the practical and potential uses of GAI in medicine.

Results
GAI shows significant promise in enhancing diagnostic processes by supporting the translation of patient descriptions into visual formats, providing differential diagnoses, and facilitating complex clinical reasoning. However, limitations such as the potential for generating medical misinformation, known as hallucinations, exist. Furthermore, the commentary highlights the integration of GAI with both intuitive and analytical decision-making processes in clinical diagnostics, demonstrating potential improvements in both the speed and accuracy of diagnoses.

Conclusions
While GAI presents transformative potential for medical diagnostics, it also introduces risks that must be carefully managed. Future advancements should focus on refining GAI technologies to better align with human diagnostic reasoning, ensuring GAI enhances rather than replaces the medical professionals’ expertise.
Research progress of freeze–thaw rock using bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhao Pengtao , Wang Ying , Xu Zhengxuan , Chang Xingwang , Zhang Yunhui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Freeze–thaw cycles significantly impact resource development and construction projects in alpine regions. This study presents a bibliometric analysis based on the Web of Science database, spanning the period from 2000 to 2023. This analysis evaluates the status of hotspots and research trends in freeze–thaw rock. Our findings reveal that rock freeze–thaw research is a typical multiauthor, multicounty, and multi-institution cooperative field involved in many research fields. China had the highest number (420) of peer-review publications. According to the number of publications, 28 of the top 30 institutions are in China. The top 30 authors, ranked by their publications, contributed 55.4% of the total publications. The cumulative number of publications has presented an exponential increase over the past 23 years, with maximum annual growth rate of 36.9%. The keyword analysis suggests the emergence of modern technological techniques, including numerical simulation, microscopic rock structure analysis, and machine learning, in recent years augment to traditional methods. This article also identifies three potential areas for future research, thereby aiding in understanding the past developments, current status, and future trends of freeze–thaw rock research. Additionally, it provides a theoretical basis for engineering construction and slope disaster management in alpine regions.
Layout of anatomical structures and blood vessels based on the foundational model of anatomy
Authors: Gröne Niklas , Grüneisen Benjamin , Klein Karsten , de Bono Bernard , Czauderna Tobias , Schreiber Falk 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We present a method for the layout of anatomical structures and blood vessels based on information from the Foundational Model of Anatomy (FMA). Our approach integrates a novel vascular layout into the hierarchical treemap representation of anatomy as used in ApiNATOMY. Our method aims to improve the comprehension of complex anatomical and vascular data by providing readable visual representations. The effectiveness of our method is demonstrated through a prototype developed in VANTED, showing potential for application in research, education, and clinical settings.
Healthy lifestyle perceptions and practices among college students at Yanbu University College for Women in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Bizzari Ansam , Nasar Farhat 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and aim
This study aimed to assess the healthy lifestyle perceptions and practices among female students enrolled in Yanbu University College for Women.

Methods
This questionnaire-based, cross-sectional descriptive study targeted the entire student body in the academic year 2022–2023 and included a convenience sample of 604 students.

Results
The majority of respondents were healthy, with a mean of 19.5 years of age. Most students thought a healthy diet, physical activity, adequate sleep, and stress management were good for their health (96%), and most stated that their habits needed improvement (64%). Behavior results showed that dietary intake was inadequate, with less than 25% of participants consuming recommended amounts of grains, vegetables, fruits, meats, dairy products, and water. Students with iron deficiency anemia were more likely to follow a vegan diet and consume less of all food groups than healthy participants. Physical activity results showed that 52% of study participants engaged in daily moderate activity, 30% were inactive, and 9% were highly active. Only 25% of participants reported sleeping the recommended daily 7–9 h. The majority of respondents believed managing stress was critical for their health (95%) and stated several methods of dealing with stress, but about 34% did nothing about it.

Conclusion
The study found a gap between knowledge and practice, with physical activity practices showing higher engagement than the other aspects. This gap can be addressed through comprehensive programs targeting behaviors and support practices. Intervention educational programs may significantly improve students’ healthy lifestyle behavior and health outcomes.
Application of KH-RT model in lifting flame of methanol jet atomization
Authors: Wang Qiuyin , Song Wenyan , Lai Zhengxin , Fu Yu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
For the methanol jet atomization in a co-flow gas lifting flame, the self-developed WAVE model and KH-RT model were employed using the Saturne program to simulate the primary breakup of the jet column and the atomization of spray particles. Additionally, the unsteady flamelet model was utilized to simulate the combustion process. Comparing the calculated flame lifting height, droplet diameter distribution, and velocity distribution with experimental results demonstrates the atomization model’s ability to accurately capture the methanol fuel atomization process. This comparison verifies the reliability of both the atomization and combustion models, indicating their high accuracy. The study shows that upon injection from the nozzle, methanol fuel rapidly diffused, creating a cone-shaped spray structure. The high concentration of OH radicals is located close to the boundary between the regions of OH radical distribution and methanol distribution, gradually spreading downstream of the methanol jet. Furthermore, an increase in fuel flow rate resulted in a reduction in the flame’s lift height.
Synthesis of modified Schiff base appended 1,2,4-triazole hybrids scaffolds: elucidating the in vitro and in silico α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors potential
Authors: Abbasi Shahzad Ahmad , Rahim Fazal , Hussain Rafaqat , Rehman Wajid , Khan Shoaib , Taha Muhammad , Iqbal Tayyiaba , Khan Yousaf , Ali Shah Syed Adnan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The current study involves the synthesis of Schiff bases based on 1,2,4-triazoles skeleton and assessing their α-amylase and α-glucosidase profile. Furthermore, the precise structures of the synthesized derivatives were elucidated using various spectroscopic methods such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and HREI-MS. Using glimepiride as the reference standard, the in vitro α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities of the synthesized compounds were evaluated in order to determine their potential anti-diabetic properties. All analogues showed varied range of inhibitory activity having IC50 values ranging from 17.09 ± 0.72 to 45.34 ± 0.03 μM (α-amylase) and 16.35 ± 0.42 to 42.31 ± 0.09 μM (α-glucosidase), respectively. Specifically, the compounds 1, 7 and 8 were found to be significantly active with IC50 values of 17.09 ± 0.72, 19.73 ± 0.42, and 23.01 ± 0.04 μM (against α-amylase) and 16.35 ± 0.42, 18.55 ± 0.26, and 20.07 ± 0.02 μM (against α-glucosidase) respectively. The obtained results were compared with the Glimepiride reference drug having IC50 values of 13.02 ± 0.11 μM (for α-glucosidase) and 15.04 ± 0.02 μM (for α-amylase), respectively. The structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies were conducted based on differences in substituent patterns at varying position of aryl rings A and B may cause to alter the inhibitory activities of both α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Additionally, the molecular docking study was carried out to explore the binding interactions possessed by most active analogues with the active sites of targeted α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes.