bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renogrit selectively protects against cisplatin-induced injury in human renal tubular cells and in Caenorhabditis elegans by harmonizing apoptosis and mitophagy
Authors: Balkrishna Acharya , Gohel Vivek , Pathak Nishit , Joshi Monali , Singh Rani , Kumari Ankita , Dev Rishabh , Varshney Anurag 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity restricts its clinical use against solid tumors. The present study elucidated the pharmacological effects of Renogrit, a plant-derived prescription medicine, using cisplatin-induced human renal proximal tubular (HK-2) cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. Quantification of phytochemicals in Renogrit was performed on HPTLC and UHPLC platforms. Renogrit was assessed in vitro in HK-2 cells post-exposure to clinically relevant concentration of cisplatin. It was observed that renoprotective properties of Renogrit against cisplatin-induced injury stem from its ability to regulate renal injury markers (KIM-1, NAG levels; NGAL mRNA expression), redox imbalance (ROS generation; GST levels), and mitochondrial dysfunction (mitochondrial membrane potential; SKN-1, HSP-60 expression). Renogrit was also found to modulate apoptosis (EGL-1 mRNA expression; protein levels of p-ERK, p-JNK, p-p38, c-PARP1), necroptosis (intracellular calcium accumulation; RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL mRNA expression), mitophagy (lysosome population; mRNA expression of PINK1, PDR1; protein levels of p-PINK1, LC3B), and inflammation (IL-1β activity; protein levels of LXR-α). More importantly, Renogrit treatment did not hamper normal anti-proliferative effects of cisplatin as observed from cytotoxicity analysis on MCF-7, A549, SiHa, and T24 human cancer cells. Taken together, Renogrit could be a potential clinical candidate to mitigate cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity without compromising the anti-neoplastic properties of cisplatin.
Spatial–temporal variations of sediment transport rate and driving factors in Shule River Basin, northwest China
Authors: Sun Dongyuan , Wang Yike , Niu Zuirong , Shu Heping , Wang Xingfan , Cui Yanqiang , Ma Yali , Wu Lanzhen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe sediment content and transport rate of rivers are crucial indicators reflecting soil erosion, water quality, and water resource management in a region. Studying changes in river sediment transport rates within a basin is essential for evaluating water quality, restoring water ecosystems, and implementing soil and water conservation measures. This study focused on the Shule River Basin and utilized various methods such as moving average, cumulative anomaly, Mann–Kendall mutation test, Mann–Kendall (M–K) trend test, Sen’s slope estimation, Correlation analysis, wavelet analysis, R/S analysis, ARCGIS10.7 interpolation, non-uniformity coefficient, and concentration to analyze data from hydrologic stations at Changmapu (CMP), Panjiazhuang (PJZ), and Dangchengwan (DCW). The research examined the temporal and spatial characteristics of sediment transport rates and identified key driving factors. Findings revealed significant increases in annual sediment transport rates at CMP and PJZ by 12.227 and 4.318 kg/s (10a)−1, respectively, while DCW experienced a decrease of 0.677 kg/s (10a)−1. The sediment transport rate of the three stations had a sudden change around 1994. The average annual sediment transport rates displayed distinct cycles, with CMP, PJZ, and DCW showing cycles of 51a, 53a, and 29a respectively. Additionally, while CMP and PJZ exhibited a continuous upward trend in sediment transport rates, DCW showed a consistent decline. The annual average sediment transport rates of CMP, PJZ, and DCW were 1305.43 kg/s, 810.06 kg/s, and 247.80 kg/s, respectively. These research findings contribute to enhancing the comprehension of sediment dynamics in the arid region of northwest China and offer a theoretical basis for the restoration and management of ecological environments in similar areas in the future.
Phytoplankton dynamics in a shellfish farming lagoon in a deltaic system threatened by ongoing climate change
Authors: Bolinesi Francesco , Rossetti Emanuele , Mangoni Olga 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGlobal climate change has generated an increasing number of environmental problems, especially in Mediterranean coastal areas, such as the Po Delta (PD), where shellfish production has undergone an overall decline because of strong environmental changes. The present study is centred on assessing the fundamental ecological aspects in one of the most crucial European shellfish production lagoons, Sacca degli Scardovari (SC), addressing phytoplankton community parameters directly affecting shellfish production, namely, chemotaxonomic composition, size fractions, and total biomass, in relation to the physicochemical properties of the water column and mussel filtering activity. Our findings suggest that the phytoplankton community structure, its role within the lagoon food web and its production cycles depend on two distinct allogenic inputs, which shape the community differently and exert substantial control on shellfish production. At the same time, the suspended mussel biomass strongly controls the phytoplankton size composition, as their growth is largely supported by nanophytoplankton. As the Po River collects the drainage waters of the Italian side of the entire Alpine Arch, the phytoplankton dynamics reported here represent a useful baseline for further addressing issues of climatic changes affecting lagoon ecology. We believe that our study presents an innovative tool for the planning and management of interventions aimed at enhancing national mussel production without neglecting aspects of environmental protection or the integrity of the coastal system, with significant scientific implications.
Enhancing soil health, microbial count, and hydrophilic methomyl and hydrophobic lambda-cyhalothrin remediation with biochar and nano-biochar
Authors: Chandi Kanchana , Udomkun Patchimaporn , Boonupara Thirasant , Kaewlom Puangrat 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPesticide contamination and soil degradation present significant challenges in agricultural ecosystems, driving extensive exploration of biochar (BC) and nano-biochar (NBC) as potential solutions. This study examines their effects on soil properties, microbial communities, and the fate of two key pesticides: the hydrophilic methomyl (MET) and the hydrophobic lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT), at different concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5% w w−1) in agricultural soil. Through a carefully designed seven-week black bean pot experiment, the results indicated that the addition of BC/NBC significantly influenced soil dynamics. Soil pH and moisture content (MC) notably increased, accompanied by a general rise in soil organic carbon (SOC) content. However, in BC5/NBC5 treatments, SOC declined after the 2nd or 3rd week. Microbial populations, including total plate count (TPC), phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB), and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB), showed dynamic responses to BC/NBC applications. BC1/NBC1 and BC3/NBC3 applications led to a significant increase in microbial populations, whereas BC5/NBC5 treatments experienced a decline after the initial surge. Furthermore, the removal efficiency of both MET and LCT increased with higher BC/NBC concentrations, with NBC demonstrating greater efficacy than BC. Degradation kinetics, modeled by a first-order equation, revealed that MET degraded faster than LCT. These findings underscore the profound impact of BC/NBC on pesticide dynamics and microbial communities, highlighting their potential to transform sustainable agricultural practices.
Targeting SWI/SNF ATPases reduces neuroblastoma cell plasticity
Authors: Xu Man , Hong Jason J , Zhang Xiyuan , Sun Ming , Liu Xingyu , Kang Jeeyoun , Stack Hannah , Fang Wendy , Lei Haiyan , Lacoste Xavier , Okada Reona , Jung Raina , Nguyen Rosa , Shern Jack F , Thiele Carol J , Liu Zhihui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTumor cell heterogeneity defines therapy responsiveness in neuroblastoma (NB), a cancer derived from neural crest cells. NB consists of two primary subtypes: adrenergic and mesenchymal. Adrenergic traits predominate in NB tumors, while mesenchymal features becomes enriched post-chemotherapy or after relapse. The interconversion between these subtypes contributes to NB lineage plasticity, but the underlying mechanisms driving this phenotypic switching remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex ATPases are essential in establishing an mesenchymal gene-permissive chromatin state in adrenergic-type NB, facilitating lineage plasticity. Targeting SWI/SNF ATPases with SMARCA2/4 dual degraders effectively inhibits NB cell proliferation, invasion, and notably, cellular plasticity, thereby preventing chemotherapy resistance. Mechanistically, depletion of SWI/SNF ATPases compacts cis-regulatory elements, diminishes enhancer activity, and displaces core transcription factors (MYCN, HAND2, PHOX2B, and GATA3) from DNA, thereby suppressing transcriptional programs associated with plasticity. These findings underscore the pivotal role of SWI/SNF ATPases in driving intrinsic plasticity and therapy resistance in neuroblastoma, highlighting an epigenetic target for combinational treatments in this cancer.
Combination of AID2 and BromoTag expands the utility of degron-based protein knockdowns
Authors: Hatoyama Yuki , Islam Moutushi , Bond Adam G , Hayashi Ken-ichiro , Ciulli Alessio , Kanemaki Masato T 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAcute protein knockdown is a powerful approach to dissecting protein function in dynamic cellular processes. We previously reported an improved auxin-inducible degron system, AID2, but recently noted that its ability to induce degradation of some essential replication factors, such as ORC1 and CDC6, was not enough to induce lethality. Here, we present combinational degron technologies to control two proteins or enhance target depletion. For this purpose, we initially compare PROTAC-based degrons, dTAG and BromoTag, with AID2 to reveal their key features and then demonstrate control of cohesin and condensin with AID2 and BromoTag, respectively. We develop a double-degron system with AID2 and BromoTag to enhance target depletion and accelerate depletion kinetics and demonstrate that both ORC1 and CDC6 are pivotal for MCM loading. Finally, we show that co-depletion of ORC1 and CDC6 by the double-degron system completely suppresses DNA replication, and the cells enter mitosis with single-chromatid chromosomes, indicating that DNA replication is uncoupled from cell cycle control. Our combinational degron technologies will expand the application scope for functional analyses.
Aza-BODIPY-Based Bifunctional Photocatalyst for Red-Light-Driven Asymmetric Hydroxylation of β‑Ketoesters
Authors: Guo Yonghong , Zhao Jiayi , He Chuan , Zu Bing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA novel bifunctional photocatalyst combining an aza-BODIPY and a chiral oxazoline has been developed. This photocatalyst enables the asymmetric hydroxylation of β‑ketoesters under an oxygen atmosphere and irradiation with 18-W red LEDs. This procedure offers a convenient and potentially general approach to obtain enantioenriched α-hydroxy-β-dicarbonyl products. The results reported in this manuscript demonstrate the promise of this new organic photocatalyst design and will help expand the application of BODIPY-based chiral photocatalysts.
Epidemiological, Clinical, Etiological, and Therapeutic Aspects of Cerebral Palsy in Dakar
Authors: Diagne Rokhaya , Mbaye Khalifa Ababacar , Nepetsoun Inès Nkongni , Ndiaye Moustapha 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCerebral palsy is one of the most frequent causes of motor disability in children. The aim of our study was to characterize the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, etiological, and therapeutic aspects in Dakar. This was a retrospective and descriptive study from March 2010 to March 2020 at the Albert Royer National Children's Hospital and the Neurology Department of the Fann National University Hospital. We collected 913 patients, 13.7% of all pediatric neurology consultations, out of which 556 (60.9%) were males. The average age of the patients was 32.99 months (ranging between 25 days and 17 years). The most common subtype was isolated axial hypotonia (50%) followed by pyramidal (40.5%) and 45% had epilepsy. Brain imaging revealed cortico-subcortical atrophy in 15% of cases. Five hundred and fifty-two children (60.5%) had an electroencephalogram out of which 19.4% had diffuse irritative anomalies. In terms of treatment, 73% had received motor kinesitherapy. Sodium valproate was the most commonly used antiseizure medication at 76.67%. The average follow-up was 12 months. Seven hundred and ninety-two children (86.8%) were lost to follow-up and 5 children (0.5%) died. Psychomotor development improved in 219 children (13.4%) who acquired standing. Note that 267 children (30%) in a stable sitting position and 29 children had acquired language. Cerebral palsy is a disabling condition that needs to be diagnosed early and early interventions can improve the quality of life of the child.
Comparison of Clinical Characteristics of Viral and Bacterial Sepsis in Children: a Single-Center Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Saito Yuya , Kawasaki Tatsuya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to elucidate the characteristics of viral sepsis in children by comparing viral and bacterial sepsis.
Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a single pediatric hospital. Patients aged <15 years who were admitted for sepsis to the PICU between January 2011 and December 2019 were included. Sepsis was diagnosed according to the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3) criteria, and the degree of organ dysfunction was evaluated using the Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (pSOFA) score. The mortality rate was compared as a primary endpoint between patients with viral sepsis and those with bacterial sepsis.
Results We included 28 patients with viral sepsis and 52 patients with bacterial sepsis. The pSOFA scores for viral and bacterial sepsis were 10 (interquartile range [IQR]: 6.75–14) and 9 (IQR: 7–11) points, respectively, with no significant difference between groups. Respiratory disorders were significantly more prevalent in the viral sepsis group. Mortality between patients with viral (n = 8; 29%) and bacterial (n = 7; 13%) sepsis in the PICU showed no significant difference. When analyses were restricted to patients with septic shock, mortality was significantly higher due to viral (70%) than bacterial (27%) sepsis.
Conclusion In pediatric patients, sepsis due to viral and bacterial infections is associated with similar rates of mortality and organ dysfunction.
Floquet-Engineering Topological Phase Transition in Graphene Nanoribbons by Light
Authors: Huang 黄 Anhua 安华 , Ke 柯 Shasha 莎莎 , Guan 关 Ji-Huan 济寰 , Li 李 Jun 俊 , Lou 娄 Wen-Kai 文凯 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Quasi-one-dimensional (1D) graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) play a crucial role in advancement of next-generation devices. Recent studies have suggested their potential to exhibit unique symmetry-protected topological phases defined by a Z
2 invariant. By employing both the tight-binding model and the Floquet theory, our investigation demonstrates the effective control of the topological phase within quasi-1D armchair GNRs (AGNRs) using elliptically polarized light, unveiling rich topological phase diagrams. Specifically, we observe that varying the amplitude of the light can induce transitions in the band gap (E
g) of AGNRs, leading to multiple changes in the system’s Z
2 invariant. Furthermore, for heterojunctions composed of different AGNR segments, the junction state can be either created or eliminated by the application of elliptically polarized light.
Creation of tungsten and platinum nanoparticles from nanosecond plasmas in water
Authors: Krettek O , Pottkämper P , Cignoni P , Tschulik K , von Keudell A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Nanosecond plasmas ignited inside water at tungsten and platinum/iridium electrode tips are used to create very small nanoparticles with radii around 1 nm. Due to the very high power density of 1016 W m–2 at an electrode hot spot with a diameter of 10 µm, the surface is ablated during the short plasma pulse, and the metal vapour expands in the cavitation bubble after the plasma. This creates a very large cooling rate and the formation of nanoparticles by condensation from the created metal vapour. Finally, the nanoparticles disperse in the liquid. This sequence is quantified by measuring the net tip erosion by shadowgraphy and the created nanoparticles by transmission electron microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The condensation process is modelled in conjunction with cavitation theory for the expanding cavitation bubble, which shows very good agreement with experimental data.
Reconfigurable THz leaky-wave antennas based on innovative metal–graphene metasurfaces
Authors: Negri Edoardo , Fuscaldo Walter , Burghignoli Paolo , Galli Alessandro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Graphene ohmic losses notably hinder the efficiency of graphene-based terahertz (THz) devices. Hybrid metal–graphene structures have recently been proposed to mitigate this issue in a few passive devices, namely waveguide and Vivaldi antennas, as well as frequency selective surfaces. In this work, such a technique is extensively investigated to optimize the radiation performance of a THz Fabry–Perot cavity leaky-wave antenna based on a hybrid metal–graphene metasurface consisting of a lattice of square metallic patches interleaved with a complementary graphene strip grating. Theoretical, numerical, and full-wave results demonstrate that, by properly selecting the unit-cell features, a satisfactory trade-off among range of reconfigurability, antenna directivity, and losses can be achieved. The proposed antenna can find application in future wireless THz communications.
Research on remaining useful life prediction methods for rolling bearings based on a novel gated unit
Authors: Ma Ke , Huang Weiguo , Ding Chuancang , Shi Juanjuan , Wang Jun , Shen Changqing , Jiang Xingxing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The remaining useful life (RUL) of bearings in rotating machinery is continuously affected by time. To address this concern, an improved model based on gated recurrent unit is proposed by taking full advantage of the characteristics of recurrent neural networks to efficiently process sequence data. This model is then applied to different prediction scenarios. First, to construct training and test sets, the required feature data are extracted from the vibration signals of rolling bearings. A health indicator (HI) is required to be constructed as a label for indirect prediction, whereas RUL is directly used as a label for direct prediction. The model is then allowed to learn through training sets to determine its optimal parameters. Finally, test sets are used to predict HI or RUL step by step. The effectiveness and superiority of the novel model in indirect and direct predictions is demonstrated by the comparison of evaluation indexes for prediction results with lower prediction deviations than conventional methods.
Wafer defect pattern recognition based on differentiable architecture search with dual attention module
Authors: Dai Menghang , Liu Zhiliang , He Zixiao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Wafer defect pattern recognition is a crucial process for ensuring chip production quality. Due to the complexity of wafer production processes, wafers often contain multiple defect patterns simultaneously, making it challenging for existing deep learning algorithms designed for single defect patterns to achieve optimal performance. To address this issue, this paper proposes a dual attention integrated differentiable architecture search (DA-DARTS), which can automatically search for suitable neural network architectures, significantly simplifying the architecture design process. Furthermore, the integration of DA greatly enhances the efficiency of the architecture search. We validated our proposed method on the MixedWM38 dataset, and experimental results indicate that the DA-DARTS method achieves higher pattern recognition accuracy under mixed defect patterns compared to baseline methods, maintaining performance stability even on imbalanced datasets.
Impurity gas detection for SNF canisters using probabilistic deep learning and acoustic sensing*
Authors: Zhuang Bozhou , Gencturk Bora , Oberai Assad A , Ramaswamy Harisankar , Meyer Ryan , Sinkov Anton , Good Morris 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Monitoring impurity gases in spent nuclear fuel (SNF) canisters is a novel structural health monitoring approach for SNF in dry storage. The SNF canisters are sealed containers that do not facilitate visual access to the inside. Acoustic sensing can be deployed by taking advantage of the pathways unobstructed by internal hardware. Although the ultrasonic time-of-flight measurement can provide valuable information, it is limited in its ability to discern the concentration of only one impurity gas. As such, deep learning algorithms, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs), offer a promising solution. In this study, CNN-based probabilistic deep learning models were implemented to detect and quantify multiple impurity gases in helium. An experimental platform was established to simulate canister conditions, and ultrasonic test data were collected. The presence of argon and air in helium at concentrations ranging from 0% to 1.2% at increments of 0.05% was considered. The multi-layer perceptron, decision tree, and logistic regression classifiers achieved high accuracies when distinguishing pure helium from helium with impurities. CNN with dropout layers and CNN using maximum likelihood estimation showed a similar performance, indicating their ability to capture uncertainties. The ensemble CNN model exhibited improved predictions and the ability to balance individual gas concentration by integrating 1D- and 2D-CNN models. These findings contribute probabilistic deep learning solutions for impurity gas detection and analysis within SNF canisters, thus ensuring safe storage and management of SNFs.
2D TMDC aging: a case study of monolayer WS2 and mitigation strategies
Authors: Wyndaele P-J , de Marneffe J-F , Slaets R , Groven B , Franquet A , Brüner P , Grehl T , Gendt S De 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Due to their unique properties, two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDCs) are considered for diverse applications in microelectronics, sensing, catalysis, to name a few. A common challenge in 2D TMDC research is the film’s inherent instability i.e. spontaneous oxidation upon ambient exposure. The present study systematically explores the effect aging on the film composition and photoluminescent properties of monolayer WS2, synthetically grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. The aging rate is investigated for different oxygen- (i.e. O2 gas concentration and humidity) and light-controlled environments. Simple mitigation strategies that do not involve capping the 2D TMDC layer are discussed, and their effectiveness demonstrated by benchmarking the evolution in photoluminescence response against ambient exposed monolayer WS2. These results highlight the need to store 2D TMDCs in controlled environments to preserve the film quality and how future studies can account for the aging effect.