bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case report of high cervical spinal infarction after stenting with severe stenosis at the beginning of left vertebral artery
Authors: Cheng Wen , Wu Jiangbin , Yang Quanlong , Yuan Xiaodong 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Spinal cord infarction is an uncommon nervous system disorder. We present a case of high cervical cord infarction caused by stenting of the origin of the left vertebral artery (VA). The incidence of spinal cord infarction is minimal, and it must be distinguished from a number of other disorders. The diagnosis is primarily based on imaging, clinical symptoms, and history. Currently, there is no focused treatment for spinal cord infarction. Thrombolysis, high-dose glucocorticoid shocks, tube dilatation to promote circulation, and nutritional neurotropic medicines given early in the course of the disease can all help to slow the disease’s progression. There is no agreement on the etiology, diagnosis, or therapy options for these people.

Case presentation:
On October 7, 2023, an 81-year-old man was admitted to the hospital primarily for recurrent chest tightness and pain that had persisted for more than 2 years and 1 month. Cerebral angiography upon admission revealed significant blockage of the right VA and stenosis of the left vertebral arterial origin. Six days following admission, a drug-eluting stenting procedure was carried out under local anesthesia to open the left VA origin via the femoral artery. Following the procedure, the patient experienced a progressive loss of muscle strength in all 4 limbs and paraplegia below the cervical 3 spinal cord. One week following the procedure, the patient was released from the hospital. After the procedure, the patient was released 1 week later. After the procedure, the patient’s symptoms persisted for a month.

Conclusion:
High awareness for high cervical cord infarction is required when neck discomfort and limb weakness with progressive progression arises after surgery. Complications of high cervical cord infarction following stenting for stenosis of VA origin are uncommon in clinical settings. Patients’ prognoses can be improved by prompt diagnosis and care.
Primary exophytic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: A case report
Authors: Li Liangliang , Liu Kun , Ma Xueping , Wu Yameng , Wang Changxi , Wang Yangang 
Published: August 2024

Rationale:
Bladder urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a common urinary system tumor that is generally diagnosed by cystoscopy combined with pathological biopsy. However, complete exophytic UC of the bladder is very rare and difficult to diagnose. Early diagnosis and accurate identification of such tumors, followed by aggressive surgical treatment, is essential for the management of these patients.

Patient concerns:
An 84-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with dysuria, a poor diet, and significant weight loss.

Diagnosis:
Pelvic computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an exteriophytic round mass on the right lateral wall of the bladder. Cystoscopy revealed a necrotic mass on the right lateral wall of the bladder cavity, and no tumor cells were found following the biopsy. The tumor was removed via partial cystectomy, and the pathological result indicated high-grade muscle-invasive UC.

Interventions:
The patient refused radical cystectomy and underwent laparoscopic partial cystectomy plus pelvic lymph node dissection followed by cisplatin plus gemcitabine chemotherapy.

Outcomes:
The patient’s mental state and appetite were significantly improved after the urinary tube was removed 1 week after surgery. His general state was significantly improved after 1 month of follow-up but died of acute cerebral infarction 3 months after surgery.

Lessons:
UC of the bladder may grow completely out of the bladder without symptoms such as gross hematuria; thus, early diagnosis is difficult. For high-risk individuals, regular imaging tests may help to detect tumors early. Partial cystectomy is a reliable surgical modality for bladder preservation in such patients.
A comparison of the clinical efficacy of total hip arthroplasty via direct anterior approach and posterior approach: A meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Hao , Liu Jin-Feng , Wang Fengjing , Yuan Tiange , Jiang Hengduo , Wei Zhuoqi , Zhang Yang , Meng Jiahao 
Published: August 2024

Background:
The approach of total hip arthroplasty (THA) has long been controversial, and many studies have compared different approaches. However, there is still a lack of consistent conclusions and comprehensive, systematic comparisons and evaluations.

Methods:
This study retrieved 7 databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Database. The search time ranged from the establishment of each database to November 1, 2023. Data analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4, and outcome was presented as the weighed mean difference for continuous data and risk/odds ratio for dichotomous data. We used the Mantel–Haneszel method and random effects model to obtain the overall effects of the differences in the impact of 2 surgical methods on clinical outcomes in all included studies.

Results:
A total of 33 articles were included in this study, including 14478 participants, 4911 participants in DAA group and 9567 participants in PA group. The visual analogue scale scores of the DAA group at 1 day and 2 days after THA were significantly lower than those of the PA group (mean difference [MD] = −0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.83 to −0.30, P < .01) at 1 day and (MD = −0.67, 95% CI: −1.16 to −0.17, P = .01) at 2 days. The risk of intraoperative fracture (odds ratio = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.11–4.29, P = .05) and lateral femoral nerve injury (risk ratio = 7.84, 95% CI: 1.69–36.42, P < .01) in the DAA group was significantly higher than that of the PA group. The number of prostheses in the Lewinnek safe zone of the DAA group was significantly higher than that of the PA group (risk ratio = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.00–1.27, P = .05). The results showed no significant difference between the DAA group and the PA group in the time to stop using walking aids, dislocation rate, groin pain, incision complications, heterotopic ossification, intraoperative blood loss, and acetabular anterior (P > .05).

Conclusion:
Compared with the PA group, patients in the DAA group showed more ideal anatomical and imaging results, shorter hospital stay, and showing advantages in postoperative pain, but with a higher incidence of intraoperative complications.
Innovations in transplant techniques for complex anomalies
Authors: Vandendriessche Katrien , Rega Filip , Van De Bruaene Alexander 
Published: August 2024

Purpose of reviewWith advances in the field of congenital cardiac surgery and in the management of congenital heart defects in early life, the population of adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) patients is increasing. End-stage heart failure is currently the main cause of cardiovascular mortality and is expected to increase in the coming years. This review summarizes recent innovations in transplant techniques, with special attention to what is known in the population of ACHD recipients.Recent findingsThe use of machine perfusion for heart preservation enables longer preservation times. Normothermic (organ care system – OCS) and hypothermic (hypothermic oxygenated perfusion – HOPE) machine perfusion will alleviate the time pressure associated with heart transplantation in the ACHD population, may allow for expansion of the geographical range in which donors can be matched and may improve graft quality. Donation after circulatory death (DCD) heart transplantation, either through direct procurement-machine perfusion (DP-MP) or thoraco-abdominal normothermic regional perfusion (TA-NRP) is a viable strategy to further expand the donor pool.SummaryThe use of machine perfusion and DCD donors in ACHD is feasible and shows promise. Time pressure and shortage of donors is even more critical in ACHD than in other patient populations, making these innovations particularly relevant. Further clinical experience and research is needed to elucidate their impact.
Emerging Nurse Billing and Reimbursement Models
Authors: Welton John M. , Longyear Robert 
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVES
To explore and make recommendations to implement direct billing and reimbursement models for nursing care in the United States.

BACKGROUND
Nurses make up the largest group of healthcare professionals and within hospitals, nurses represent approximately a quarter of all resources and associated costs of patient care. This care is mostly hidden in daily room and board charges.

METHODS
The authors surveyed the recent and historical literature related to costing and billing for nursing care. These results were synthesized and led to the recommendation of several new models to cost, bill, and pay for nursing care provided by nurses who are not currently billing for their services.

RESULTS
Two basic billing models are proposed: the 1st is to remove nursing care out of the current daily room or facility-based charges and allocate nursing care time provided to each patient during each day of stay. The 2nd is to expand existing Current Procedural Terminology codes to bill for specific activities and interventions by nurses in all settings where nursing care is delivered.

CONCLUSIONS
It is feasible to implement the proposed methods to identify patient-level nursing intensity, cost, services, and interventions provided by individual nurses in all healthcare settings.
Postsurgical tactile-evoked pain: a role for brain-derived neurotrophic factor-tropomyosin receptor kinase B–dependent novel tactile corpuscles
Authors: Wilson Kirsten , Sze Ying , Regan Anna , Zhu Chunyi , Mazur Katarzyna , Velichkova Atanaska N. , Torsney Carole 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Millions of people undergo surgical procedures each year with many developing postsurgical pain. Dynamic allodynia can arise when, for example, clothing brushing close to the surgical site elicits pain. The allodynia circuits that enable crosstalk between afferent tactile inputs and central pain circuits have been studied, but the peripheral tactile drive has not been explored.

Objective:
Investigate the innervation of the skin in the rat plantar hindpaw skin–muscle incision model.

Results:
Incision increased epidermal thickness and cell layers and reduced intraepidermal nerve fibre density, identified with PGP9.5 immunostaining. Strikingly, Collagen IV immunostaining revealed the development of dermal protrusions, oriented towards the incision site, that were reminiscent of the dermal papillae that exist in glabrous footpads. S100 immunostaining for lamellar Schwann cells revealed the presence of novel tactile corpuscles (S100-positive bulb) within incision-induced putative dermal papillae. The occurrence of these novel tactile corpuscles coincided with behavioural observations of dynamic allodynia. Tactile corpuscles require brain-derived neurotrophic factor- tropomyosin receptor kinase B (BDNF-TrkB) signalling to form during development, and an increase in BDNF-immunostaining intensity was observed close to the incision site. Local acute administration of TrkB-Fc, to block BDNF-TrkB signalling, reduced, by approximately 50%, both tactile corpuscle size (S100+ bulb area) and dynamic allodynia.

Conclusion:
Surgery induces the development of novel tactile corpuscles in the incision surround, in a BDNF-TrKB–dependent manner, that contributes to postsurgical tactile-evoked pain.
Longitudinal study of cognitive function in people with HIV and toxoplasmic encephalitis or latent toxoplasma infection
Authors: Diaz Monica M. , McCutchan J. Allen , Crescini Melanie , Tang Bin , Franklin Donald , Letendre Scott L. , Heaton Robert K. , Bharti Ajay R. 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Neurocognitive impairment (NCI) may occur during and persist even after recovery from HIV-related central nervous system (CNS) co-infections such as toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE). The long-term cognitive effects of TE and latent toxoplomasmic infections (LTI) among persons with HIV (PWH) are unknown. We measured longitudinal effects on neurocognitive functioning in PWH with TE compared to LTI or no toxoplasmal infection.

Methods:
PWH (n = 345) followed in two longitudinal cohort studies underwent comprehensive neurocognitive assessments and an anti-toxoplamic immunoglobulin G (IgG) assay. Participants were classified into one of three groups: TE+ (n = 39), LTI+ (n = 34), LTI− (n = 272). The primary outcome was change in neurocognitive function between baseline and 7-year visit.

Results:
The mean age was 48 ± 11 years, mean educational level 13 ± 3 years, and 13% were female. TE+ patients were less likely to have undetectable viral loads (≤50 copies/ml) and had lower absolute CD4+ cell count. The TE+ group had the highest prevalence of NCI globally and in domains of verbal, executive function, learning, recall, working memory, processing speed and motor at baseline and at 7-year follow-up. Changes in longitudinal NC function over 7 years were small and did not differ significantly among all groups, except that speed of information processing improved more in TE+ compared with LTI− participants.

Conclusions:
PWH with a history of TE had cognitive impairment over a broad range of severity at both baseline and last follow-up. Changes in cognition from baseline to last examination in all groups were minimal and did not differ significantly among the groups with the exception of speed of information processing.
Brief Report: Switching to Long-Acting CAB/RPV: Data From an Italian Monocentric Cohort
Authors: Matone Maddalena , Piscaglia Marco , Giacomelli Andrea , Moschese Davide , Capetti Amedeo , Pozza Giacomo , Galli Lucia , Antinori Spinello , Gori Andrea , Rizzardini Giuliano , Cossu Maria Vittoria 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Cabotegravir (CAB)/rilpivirine (RPV) is the first long-acting injectable (LAI) antiretroviral therapy approved for virologically suppressed adults with HIV-1.

Setting:
Italian single centre cohort.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective observational study to assess the durability, adherence to the prescribed injection schedule, and reasons for discontinuation of CAB/RPV LAI administered every 8 weeks (Q8W).

Results:
One hundred thirty-eight patients were included with a median observation period of 43 weeks [interquartile range (IQR) 34–47 weeks]. Of these, 32 (23.2%) were female, and the median age was 51 years (IQR 40–58 years). Twelve patients (8.7%) discontinued CAB/RPV LAI treatment with a median time to discontinuation of 21 weeks (IQR 12–35 weeks), and 92.8% of the injections occurred within the CAB/RPV LAI schedule. The most common reason for discontinuation was injection-related pain (5/12). No confirmed virological failure occurred during the period of observation with 3 individuals who experienced virological blips.

Conclusions:
Our findings showed that CAB/RPV LAI Q8W is tolerated well in clinical practice, with high adherence to the injection schedule and few discontinuations mainly related to injection site–related pain.
The Association of Anemia With Survival Among People With HIV Following Antiretroviral Initiation in the NA-ACCORD 2007–2016
Authors: Lang Raynell , Coburn Sally B. , Gill M. John , Grossman Jennifer , Gebo Kelly A. , Horberg Michael A. , Mayor Angel M. , Justice Amy C. , Bosch Ronald J. , Silverberg Michael J. , Rabkin Charles S. , Sterling Timothy R. , Thorne Jennifer E. , Moore Richard D. , Althoff Keri N. ,   for the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD) of the International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA)
Published: August 2024

Background:
Anemia is an independent predictor of mortality, which may be utilized as a signal of deteriorating health. We estimated the association between anemia severity categories and mortality following the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people with HIV (PWH) in North America.

Methods:
Within the NA-ACCORD, annual median hemoglobin measurements between January 01, 2007, and December 31, 2016, were categorized using World Health Organization criteria into mild (11.0–12.9 g/dL men, 11.0–11.9 g/dL women), moderate (8.0–10.9 g/dL men/women), and severe (<8.0 g/dL men/women) anemia. Discrete time-to-event analyses using complementary log–log link models estimated mortality hazard ratios adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, and HIV clinical markers with 95% confidence intervals for the association between anemia and mortality.

Results:
Among 67,228 PWH contributing a total of 320,261 annual median hemoglobin measurements, 257,293 (80%) demonstrated no anemia, 44,041 (14%) mild, 18,259 (6%) moderate, and 668 (0.2%) severe anemia during follow-up. Mortality risk was 5.6-fold higher among PWH with (vs. without) anemia. The association was greater among men (adjusted hazard ratios = 5.8 [5.4, 6.2]) versus women (adjusted hazard ratios = 4.1 [3.2, 5.4]). Mortality risk was 3.8-fold higher among PWH with mild anemia, 13.7-fold higher with moderate anemia, and 34.5-fold higher with severe anemia (vs. no anemia). Median hemoglobin levels decreased significantly in the 4 years before death, with a maximum decrease in the year before death. Macrocytic anemia was associated with an increased mortality risk and microcytic anemia was associated with a decreased mortality risk (vs. normocytic anemia).

Conclusions:
Anemia among PWH who have initiated ART is an important predictive marker for mortality with macrocytic anemia having an increased association and microcytic anemia having a decreased association with mortality compared with normocytic anemia.
Intracranial Directed Connectivity Links Subregions of the Prefrontal Cortex to Major Depression
Authors: Myers John , Xiao Jiayang , Mathura Raissa , Shofty Ben , Pirtle Victoria , Adkinson Joshua , Allawala Anusha B. , Anand Adrish , Gadot Ron , Najera Ricardo , Rey Hernan G. , Mathew Sanjay J. , Bijanki Kelly , Banks Garrett , Watrous Andrew , Bartoli Eleonora , Heilbronner Sarah R. , Provenza Nicole , Goodman Wayne K. , Pouratian Nader , Hayden Benjamin Y. , Sheth Sameer A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the neural basis of major depressive disorder (MDD) is vital to guiding neuromodulatory treatments. The available evidence supports the hypothesis that MDD is fundamentally a disease of cortical disinhibition, where breakdowns of inhibitory neural systems lead to diminished emotion regulation and intrusive ruminations. Recent research also points towards network changes in the brain, especially within the prefrontal cortex (PFC), as primary sources of MDD etiology. However, due to limitations in spatiotemporal resolution and clinical opportunities for intracranial recordings, this hypothesis has not been directly tested. We recorded intracranial EEG from the dorsolateral (dlPFC), orbitofrontal (OFC), and anterior cingulate cortices (ACC) in neurosurgical patients with MDD. We measured daily fluctuations in self-reported depression severity alongside directed connectivity between these PFC subregions. We focused primarily on delta oscillations (1-3 Hz), which have been linked to GABAergic inhibitory control and intracortical communication. Depression symptoms worsened when connectivity within the left vs. right PFC became imbalanced. In the left hemisphere, all directed connectivity towards the ACC, from the dlPFC and OFC, was positively correlated with depression severity. In the right hemisphere, directed connectivity between the OFC and dlPFC increased with depression severity as well. This is the first evidence that delta oscillations flowing between prefrontal subregions transiently increase intensity when people are experiencing more negative mood. These findings support the overarching hypothesis that MDD worsens with prefrontal disinhibition.
Overventilation-induced airspace acidification increases susceptibility to Pseudomonas pneumonia
Authors: Felten Matthias , Tan Chunjiang , Ferencik Sebastian , Li Jingjing , Letsiou Eleftheria , Lienau Jasmin , Müller-Redetzky Holger , Hocke Andreas , Brömel Theresa C. , Gruber Achim D. , Krishnamoorthy Gopinath , Ochs Matthias , Brandenberger Christina , Zhang Qi , Kuebler Wolfgang M. , Witzenrath Martin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVentilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most frequent nosocomial infection in critically ill patients. Local pH variations affect bacterial growth. Whether airway acidification contributes to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology ofPseudomonas aeruginosa(PA)-induced VAP is currently unknown. This study was undertaken to investigate the role and mechanisms of airspace acidification by mechanical ventilation (MV) in PA-induced VAP.C57BL/6J mice were subjected to high (HVt: 34 mL/kg) or low (LVt: 9 mL/kg) tidal volume MV for 4 h. PA was instilledviathe tracheal tube, and animals were allowed to recover from sedation and breathe spontaneously for 24 h following extubation. Fluorescence microscopy was applied to determine alveolar pH in ex vivo perfused and ventilated murine lungs. Bacterial growth and adhesion on cyclically stretched A549 and human alveolar epithelial cells was examined.Upon PA infection, HVt mice showed increased alveolo-capillary permeability, elevated lung and blood leukocyte counts, and higher bacterial load in lungs and extrapulmonary organs as compared to LVt controls. HVt MV induced acidification of alveolar lining fluid (ALF) in lungs and decreased pulmonary expression of Na+/H+exchanger 1 (NHE1). Inhibition of NHE1 enhanced PA growthin vitroon alveolar epithelial cells and increased pulmonary bacterial loads in LVt-MV micein vivo.In a novel murine VAP model, key characteristics of PA-VAP were replicated. HVt MV induced mild VILI with acidification of airway lining fluid, increasing susceptibility to PA pneumonia. NHE1 was identified as critical factor for MV-induced airspace acidification, and thus as potential target to combat PA-VAP.
Temporal changes in surface tension guide the accurate asymmetric division of Arabidopsis zygotes
Authors: Kang Zichen , Nakagawa Sakumi , Matsumoto Hikari , Ishimoto Yukitaka , Nonoyama Tomonobu , Hanaki Yuga , Tsugawa Satoru , Ueda Minako 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn most plants, the zygote divides asymmetrically to define the body axis. InArabidopsis thaliana, the zygote undergoes polar elongation maintaining a transverse band of cortical microtubules (MTs), and divides asymmetrically forming another MT band, preprophase band (PPB). How the MT band is maintained at the actively growing cell tip and whether it contributes to PPB formation remain elusive. By combining live-cell imaging and mechanical simulation, we show that zygote elongation induces a temporal change (large material derivative) in surface tension at the growing tip to maintain the MT band, which in turn supports polar elongation. The MT band then guides PPB to determine the cell division site. Therefore, autonomous mechanical feedback between cell elongation and MT organization ensures the zygote division asymmetry.