bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technomolecular flows in coastal cities: an anthropological approach to new materialist ethics of the anthropogenic microscale
Authors: Acosta Raúl 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUrban life is crisscrossed and affected by events and matter in various scales, of which the microscopic has been only partly addressed in scholarship and policymaking. In this article, I propose that it is urgent to incorporate new materialist ethics for a better urban governance of technomolecular flows, that is the multiple ways anthropogenically induced microscopic elements are affecting cities. Chemicals, minerals, fungi, viruses, bacteria, and other forms of life and matter affect human and environmental health as well as the shape and materials of the built environment. Coastal cities are particularly prone to such flows of chemical-, mineral- and bio-materials because of their location between sea and land. Existing legal and institutional frameworks tend to lag behind the uses of microscopic elements by industry and urban dwellers. A new materialist ethics would help rethink institutional architectures and responses to existing entanglements and the emerging risks they pose.
Which Are the Optimal Screening Tools for Internet Use Disorder in Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review of Psychometric Evidence
Authors: Schlossarek Samantha , Hohls Lisa , Schmidt Hannah , Bischof Anja , Bischof Gallus , Brandt Dominique , Borgwardt Stefan , Browne Dillon T. , Christakis Dimitri , Pietra Pamela Hurst-Della , Demetrovics Zsolt , Rumpf Hans-Jürgen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The early detection of problematic Internet use (PIU) is essential to prevent the development of Internet use disorders (IUD). Although a variety of screening tools have already been developed and validated for this purpose, yet a consensus about optimal IUD assessment is still lacking. In this systematic review, we (i) describe the identified instruments for children and adolescents, (ii) critically examine their psychometric properties, and (iii) derive recommendations for particularly well-validated instruments.

Recent Findings
We conducted a systematic literature search in five databases on January 15, 2024. Of the initial 11,408 references identified, 511 studies were subjected to a full-text analysis resulting in a final inclusion of 70 studies. These studies validated a total of 31 instruments for PIU and IUD, including the Diagnostic Interview for Internet Addiction (DIA), a semi-structured interview. In terms of validation frequency, the Internet Addition Test (IAT) had the largest evidence base, followed by the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS). Only two of the measures examined were based on the current DSM-5 criteria for Internet Gaming Disorder.

Summary
Although no screening instrument was found to be clearly superior, the strongest recommendation can be made for CIUS, and Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale (GPIUS2). Overall, the quality of the included studies can only be rated as moderate. The IUD research field would benefit from clear cut-off scores and a clinical validation of (screening) instruments.
Identifying skull fractures after head trauma in infants with ultrasonography: is that possible?
Authors: Filice Riccardo , Miselli Francesca , Guidotti Isotta , Lugli Licia , Palazzi Giovanni , Berardi Alberto , Iughetti Lorenzo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractManagement of pediatric head trauma requires a delicate balance between accuracy and safety, with a dual emphasis on prompt diagnosis while minimizing radiation exposure. Ultrasonography (US) shows promise in this regard. A case study involving a 10-month-old infant with acute right parietal swelling revealed the utility of US in detecting a corresponding hypoechoic lesion, along with an underlying suspected fracture line of the vault and subdural hematoma. Subsequent CT confirmed the fracture, while MRI confirmed the subdural hematoma. At one-month follow-up, MRI demonstrated hematoma reabsorption, while US revealed a bone callus in its advanced phase. Although US is not yet standard practice for pediatric head trauma, its ability to detect fractures in infants suggests its potential role: when a fracture is evident on US, it may serve as an indication to perform neuroimaging. Potentially, adoption of US could contribute to mitigation of children’s exposure to ionizing radiation.
Exploring the Interpersonal Outcomes of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Training Among Police Employees
Authors: van der Schans Kim Lien , Holland Robert W. , van Damme Jacques , de Snoo Teun-Pieter , Karremans Johan C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolice employees have an essential role in sustaining safety and harmony within communities, and they need to stay well as individuals in order to achieve this. Yet, their stressful work environment does not always afford optimal interpersonal interactions. In collaboration with the Dutch police force, the present project explored the effects of a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training on the fostering of constructive interpersonal responses as well as individual well-being among employees of the Dutch police. In total, 133 police employees participated in a non-randomized waitlist controlled MBSR intervention. Participants filled out four online questionnaires spread evenly over a period of six months on constructive interpersonal responses and individual well-being. Linear mixed-effects analyses showed increases on various indicators of constructive interpersonal responding and individual well-being from pre-to post-training. These results were largely maintained at two-month follow-up. Interestingly, the positive effects of mindfulness intervention did not generalize across all measures of constructive interpersonal responding. Moreover, more frequent home practice predicted training benefits. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
The role of border carbon adjustments and subsidies in incentivising investment: comparing equivalence in the context of steel recycling and decarbonisation
Authors: Rossetto Daniel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe need to decarbonise has accelerated the quest to find solutions for sectors considered emissions-intensive and trade-exposed. Steel production is one such sector. Policymakers are responding with market-pull and technology-push mechanisms. Risks of carbon leakage have prompted consideration and implementation of border carbon mechanisms. Measures have drawn both positive and negative attention in internationally traded markets. This research quantifies the equivalence of differing measures to promote decarbonisation. It simulates the annual cost-saving equivalent and net present values of different mechanisms in a theoretical conversion to steelmaking with Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) technology from traditional steel production. It demonstrates that, under certain assumptions including removal of free allocation of emissions certificates, incentives per tonne of direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions for carbon pricing and border carbon adjustments lie in the range EUR 18–76 whereas for cost-of-capital support measures it was EUR 24–41 per tCO2e. Whether firms act upon these incentives will depend on appetite for risk, availability of technology, feedstocks, choice they have in making changes and perceived sustainability of the assumptions made in investment analysis. There are implications for regulators, policy makers and managers as they prepare strategies to be competitive in an increasingly carbon-constrained environment.
Modeling landslide susceptibility using alternating decision tree and support vector
Authors: Chen Zhuo , Tang Junfeng , Song Danqing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGlobally, but especially in the Chinese Loess Plateau, landslides are considered to be one of the most severe and significant geological hazards. The purpose of this study is to design two ensemble machine learning methods, which are denoted as ADTree-Dagging and SVM-Dagging, for modeling landslide susceptibility in Lanzhou City (China). For this aim, the slope units extracted by the curvature watersheds method are used to construct landslide susceptibility modeling, and ten landslide conditioning factors are included in the landslide susceptibility evaluation (altitude, slope angle, slope aspect, cutting depth, surface roughness, relief amplitude, gully density, rainfall, distance to roads, and lithology). The conditioning factors selection and spatial correlation analysis were implemented by using the correlation attribute evaluation method and the frequency ratio model. The comprehensive performance of the models was tested using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC), area under the ROC curve (AUC), the root mean square error (RMSE), and several other performance metrics. For the training dataset, the results show that the SVM-Dagging model acquire the largest AUC value (0.953), lowest RMSE (0.3125), highest positive predictive value (96.0%), highest negative predictive value (91.2%), highest sensitivity (91.6%), highest specificity (95.8%), highest accuracy (93.6%), and highest Kappa (0.873). Similar results are observed in the validation dataset. Results demonstrated that the Dagging technique has improved significantly the prediction ability of SVM and ADTree models. The Dagging method can combine different models by leveraging the strengths of each model to create methods with higher flexibility than traditional machine learning methods. Therefore, in this study, the proposed new models can be applied for land-use planning and management of landslide susceptibility in the study area and in other areas containing similar geological conditions.
On the Construction of Admissible Orders for Tuples and Its Application to Imprecise Risk Matrices
Authors: Baz Juan , Martinez Maria , Diaz-Vazquez Susana , Montes Susana 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe imprecision inherent in human opinions is not properly modeled by crisp numbers. Other more complex structures like intervals or tuples capture better the imprecision of human assessments. This makes them very useful in decision problems. However, they cannot be easily compared. Despite they grasp better decision-makers inaccuracy, the lack of a natural total order for such structures makes the determination of the best alternative a difficult task. In this contribution, we explore how to obtain new total orders for (ordered) tuples paying special attention to admissible orders (total orders that extend the lattice order). The resulting orders are applied to four-dimensional ordered tuples that represent risk assessments in an imprecise environment. In addition, two case studies involving risk matrices in educational transport and the construction of a metro station are also provided.
Evaluation of portable refractometer as an alternative method to biuret assay for measurement of serum total protein in horse
Authors: Andarge Selamawit Solomon , Megerssa Yoseph Cherinet 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe measurement of serum total protein (TP) is commonly performed by the biuret method. Refractometery which is less expensive and faster method also determines serum protein; however its accuracy is controversial. Therefore the primary objective of this study was to investigate portable refractometer as an alternative method to the biuret assay for measuring total serum proteins in horse serum. Serum from 50 male horses admitted to the society of the protection of animals’ abroad (SPANA) clinic was collected and measurement of serum total protein determined using portable refractometer and biuret method. The statistical differences between both methods were analyzed using a paired t-test and the correlation was determined by spearman correlation test. The results of this study demonstrate that there were no statistically significant variations in the mean total protein measured with the refractometer and biuret method (P > 0.05). The correlation between two methods using spearman correlations revealed high correlation between refractometry and biuret assay measurements of TP concentration r = 0.855. Bland–Altman plots indicated that biases indicating the analytic error was (4/50) 8% which is less than allowable total error for total protein determination (< 10%). Therefore portable refractometery can be used as an alternative to biuret method for serum total protein in horse as it is easy to use, quick turnaround time, and is inexpensive.
What we don't know about what babies know: Reconsidering psychophysics, exploration, and infant behavior
Authors: Adolph Karen E. , Schmuckler Mark A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractResearchers must infer “what babies know” based on what babies do. Thus, to maximize information from doing, researchers should use tasks and tools that capture the richness of infants' behaviors. We clarify Gibson's views about the richness of infants' behavior and their exploration in the service of guiding action – what Gibson called “learning about affordances.”
Subseasonal Variability of ENSO–East Asia Teleconnections Driven by Tropical Convection Over the Indian Ocean and Maritime Continent
Authors: Park Chang‐Hyun , Son Seok‐Woo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has a significant impact on the surface climate of East Asia by modulating the atmospheric circulation over the Kuroshio Extension. Here, we show that the ENSO–East Asia teleconnections are strongest in early winter due to the combined effects of the Indian Ocean and Maritime Continent convections, but weakest in mid‐winter as these tropical convections weaken. During the early El Niño winter, convection is enhanced over the Indian Ocean and suppressed over the Maritime Continent. The associated Rossby wave trains constructively interfere over the Kuroshio Extension, resulting in anticyclonic circulation anomalies. The equatorial central Pacific convection has a minimal impact on the East Asia. This result suggests that the Indian Ocean and the Maritime Continent convections, rather than the equatorial central Pacific convection, are the precursors of the early winter ENSO–East Asia teleconnections, and need to be considered for subseasonal‐to‐seasonal prediction in East Asia.
Mantle Mineralogy of Reduced Sub‐Earths Exoplanets and Exo‐Mercuries
Authors: Cioria Camilla , Mitri Giuseppe , Connolly James Alexander Denis , Perrillat Jean‐Philippe , Saracino Fabrizio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe mineralogy of planetary mantles formed under reducing conditions, as documented in the inner regions of the solar system, is not well constrained. We present thermodynamic models of mineral assemblages that would constitute the mantles of exo‐Mercuries. We investigated reduced materials such as enstatite chondrites, CH, and CB chondrites, and aubrites, as precursor bulk compositions in phase equilibrium modeling. The resulting isochemical phase diagram sections indicate that dominant phases in these reduced mantles would be pyroxenes rather than olivine, contrasting with the olivine‐rich mantles found within Earth, Mars, and Venus. The pyroxene abundances in the modeled mantles assemblages depend on the silica content shown by precursor materials. The silica abundance in the mantle is closely related to Si abundance in the core, particularly in reduced environments. In addition, we propose that pyroxene‐rich mantles exhibit more vigorous convective and tectonic activity than olivine‐rich mantles, given that pyroxene‐rich mantles would have lower viscosity and a lower solidus temperature (Ts).
Drag in Vegetation Canopy: Considering Sheltering and Blockage Effects
Authors: Liu Yuyan , Wang Ping 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVegetation plays a crucial role in river hydrodynamic processes, and the accurate prediction of canopy drag force is essential for effective river management and ecosystem protection. The interactions within the vegetation canopies must be quantified to understand their impact on drag force. Through a series of flume experiments, we conducted an investigation into the canopy interaction mechanism of rigid emergent aquatic vegetation, particularly focusing on the blockage and sheltering effects. Our experimental design includes various combinations of lateral and longitudinal spacing, as well as special single‐row and single‐column arrangements. This allowed us to provide a more precise understanding of how lateral and longitudinal spacing affect the blockage and sheltering effects. Furthermore, we introduced a unified reference velocity that combines two effects, based on which we have established a widely applicable drag model that can predict drag under various density conditions. Lastly, we proposed a critical characteristic value for quantifying drag. This value is instrumental in revealing the ultimate performance of drag under different spacing arrangements. The findings provide a reliable approach for predicting drag in rigid emergent vegetation canopies, significantly enhancing our understanding of vegetation's influence on hydrodynamic processes and offering a practical tool for river management and ecosystem protection.
Decoupled Hydroclimate of Central and Southwestern Iran Controlled by the Strength of Southerly‐Westerly Jets During Marine Isotope Stage 3
Authors: Soleimani M. , Baker J. L. , Nadimi A. , Dublyansky Y. , Koltai G. , Spötl C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe regional impact of abrupt glacial climate variability remains poorly constrained for arid southwestern Asia, particularly winter dynamics during Marine Isotope Stage 3, due to limited paleoarchives in the Middle East. Here, we present continuous speleothem records of δ18O and δ13C with robust chronologies for southwestern and central Iran, spanning ∼50–30 ka. Stable‐isotope signals in the two stalagmites are generally uncorrelated and do not exhibit a consistent response to Greenland stadials or interstadials; however, both show a positive δ18O excursion that coincides with Heinrich event 4. We explore the potential mechanisms for intermittent coupling of speleothem δ18O across Iran through isotope‐enabled atmospheric modeling outputs, from which we utilize the spatial δ18O gradient as a proxy for wintertime westerly versus southerly jet strength. Our results suggest that during Heinrich event 4 and several Greenland stadials, stronger westerly winds enhanced Mediterranean moisture contributions to both sites and reduced aridity in southern Iran.
Interactions and pattern formation in a macroscopic magnetocapillary SALR system of mermaid cereal
Authors: Hooshanginejad Alireza , Barotta Jack-William , Spradlin Victoria , Pucci Giuseppe , Hunt Robert , Harris Daniel M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWhen particles are deposited at a fluid interface they tend to aggregate by capillary attraction to minimize the overall potential energy of the system. In this work, we embed floating millimetric disks with permanent magnets to introduce a competing repulsion effect and study their pattern formation in equilibrium. The pairwise energy landscape of two disks is described by a short-range attraction and long-range repulsion (SALR) interaction potential, previously documented in a number of microscopic condensed matter systems. Such competing interactions enable a variety of pairwise equilibrium states, including the possibility of a local minimum energy corresponding to a finite disk spacing. Two-dimensional (2D) experiments and simulations in confined geometries demonstrate that as the areal packing fraction is increased, the dilute repulsion-dominated lattice state becomes unstable to the spontaneous formation of localized clusters, which eventually merge into a system-spanning striped pattern. Finally, we demonstrate that the equilibrium pattern can be externally manipulated by the application of a supplemental vertical magnetic force that remotely enhances the effective capillary attraction.
Developing a fit-for-purpose composite symptom score as a symptom burden endpoint for clinical trials in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Cleeland Charles S. , Keating Karen N. , Cuffel Brian , Elbi Cem , Siegel Jonathan M. , Gerlinger Christoph , Symonds Tara , Sloan Jeff A. , Dueck Amylou C. , Bottomley Andrew , Wang Xin Shelley , Williams Loretta A. , Mendoza Tito R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe developed a composite symptom score (CSS) representing disease-related symptom burden over time in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Longitudinal data were collected from an open-label Phase IIB study in which 239 patients completed the validated MD Anderson Symptom Inventory for MPM (MDASI-MPM). A blinded, independent review committee of external patient-reported outcomes experts advised on MDASI-MPM symptoms to include in the CSS. Through iterative analyses of potential symptom-item combinations, 5 MPM symptoms (pain, fatigue, shortness of breath, muscle weakness, coughing) were selected. The CSS correlated strongly with the full MDASI-MPM symptom set (0.92–0.94) and the Lung Cancer Symptom Scale-Mesothelioma (0.79–0.87) at each co-administration of the scales. The CSS also had good sensitivity to worsening disease and global quality-of-life ratings. The MDASI-MPM CSS can be used as an outcome in MPM clinical trials, including in responder analyses and at the individual patient level. It is brief enough to administer frequently, including electronically, to better capture symptom trajectories during and after a trial and in clinical practice. As a single score, the CSS addresses multiplicity issues that can arise when several symptoms increase due to worsening disease. Our process can be adapted to produce a CSS for other advanced-cancer trials.
Marine heatwaves alter the nursery function of coastal habitats for juvenile Gulf of Alaska Pacific cod
Authors: Thalmann Hillary L. , Laurel Benjamin J. , Almeida L. Zoe , Osborne Kaitlyn E. , Marshall Kaylee , Miller Jessica A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMarine Heatwaves (MHWs) can directly influence survival of marine fishes, particularly for early life stages, including age-0 juveniles during their residence in coastal nursery habitats. However, the ability of nurseries to support high fish densities, optimize foraging and growth, and protect against predators may be altered during MHWs. Gulf of Alaska Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) larval, juvenile, and adult abundances declined dramatically following MHW events in 2014–2016 and 2019. To evaluate coastal nursery function during MHWs, we compared diet composition, recent growth, size, condition, and abundance of age-0 juveniles throughout their first summer before, during, and between MHWs. Diet shifted to larger prey during MHWs, particularly mysids, but diet did not appear to influence growth. We observed faster growth rates during MHWs, yet even when accounting for growth, we could not explain the higher body sizes observed in August during MHWs. Together with lower abundance and the near absence of small fish in the nursery by August during MHWs, these patterns highlight potential for size-selection and a reduced ability of nursery habitats to buffer against environmental variability during MHWs, with only a small number of large “super survivors” persisting through the summer.