bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Satisfaction with student pharmacists administering vaccinations in the University of Alberta annual influenza campaign
Authors: Cheung Wendy , Tam Kathie , Cheung Phoebe , Banh Hoan Linh 
Published: June 2013

Objective: To evaluate University of Alberta staff and students’ acceptance of and satisfaction with receiving influenza vaccinations from student pharmacists during the university’s annual influenza campaign. Material and methods: A patient survey was created to collect patient demographics, influenza history and feedback on the services provided by pharmacy students and to measure willingness to receive vaccinations from a pharmacist in a community pharmacy. The 13-question survey was distributed to patients who received an influenza vaccination from a student pharmacist during the influenza campaign. Key findings: A total of 1555 staff and students completed the satisfaction survey. Almost all ( n = 1533, 99%) survey participants were satisfied or very satisfied with the service provided by student pharmacists. A total of 1437 (92%) participants agreed or strongly agreed that based on this experience, they would be willing to receive vaccinations from a pharmacist in a community pharmacy and 1526 (98%) participants rated their overall experience at the flu clinic as very good or excellent. Conclusions: Positive responses to the survey suggest that University of Alberta staff and students are satisfied with the service provided by student pharmacists. Their willingness to receive vaccines from a pharmacist in a community pharmacy highlighted public acceptance of the expanding role of pharmacists as immunizers.
HLA class II upregulation during viral infection leads to HLA-DP–directed graft-versus-host disease after CD4+ donor lymphocyte infusion
Authors: Stevanović Sanja , van Bergen Cornelis A. M. , van Luxemburg-Heijs Simone A. P. , van der Zouwen Boris , Jordanova Ekaterina S. , Kruisselbrink Alwine B. , van de Meent Marian , Harskamp Jessica C. , Claas Frans H. J. , Marijt Erik W. A. , Zwaginga Jaap Jan , Halkes Constantijn J. M. , Jedema Inge , Griffioen Marieke , Falkenburg J. H. Frederik 
Published: June 2013

Key PointsGVHD after HLA-DPB1–mismatched CD4+ DLI after TCD-alloSCT is mediated by allo-reactive HLA-DPB1–directed CD4+ T cells. Viral infections after TCD-alloSCT can induce HLA class II on nonhematopoietic tissues, making them targets for CD4+ T cells in GVHD.
Pharmacokinetics and safety of a novel recombinant human von Willebrand factor manufactured with a plasma-free method: a prospective clinical trial
Authors: Mannucci Pier Mannuccio , Kempton Christine , Millar Carolyn , Romond Edward , Shapiro Amy , Birschmann Ingvild , Ragni Margaret V. , Gill Joan Cox , Yee Thynn Thynn , Klamroth Robert , Wong Wing-Yen , Chapman Miranda , Engl Werner , Turecek Peter L. , Suiter Tobias M. , Ewenstein Bruce M. 
Published: June 2013

Key PointsrVWF is safe, well tolerated, and has a PK profile generally comparable to pdVWF, but promotes enhanced stabilization of endogenous FVIII.
Dysregulated signaling pathways in the development of CNTRL-FGFR1–induced myeloid and lymphoid malignancies associated with FGFR1 in human and mouse models
Authors: Ren Mingqiang , Qin Haiyan , Kitamura Eiko , Cowell John K. 
Published: June 2013

Key Points
CNTRL-FGFR1 induces AML and T-cell lymphoma in murine and human progenitor cells. Simultaneously targeting FGFR1, FLT3, KIT, and MYC synergistically induces cell growth inhibition in CNTRL-FGFR1–transformed cells.
Improvements in observed and relative survival in follicular grade 1-2 lymphoma during 4 decades: the Stanford University experience
Authors: Tan Daryl , Horning Sandra J. , Hoppe Richard T. , Levy Ronald , Rosenberg Saul A. , Sigal Bronislava M. , Warnke Roger A. , Natkunam Yasodha , Han Summer S. , Yuen Alan , Plevritis Sylvia K. , Advani Ranjana H. 
Published: June 2013

Key Points
This study is a retrospective analysis of long-term outcomes of patients with FL treated at Stanford University for 4 decades. Study results showed significant improvement in OS in patients with FL despite no change in event-free survival after first-line therapy.
IRP1 regulates erythropoiesis and systemic iron homeostasis by controlling HIF2α mRNA translation
Authors: Wilkinson Nicole , Pantopoulos Kostas 
Published: June 2013

Key Points
IRP1 controls HIF2α mRNA translation in vivo and thereby acts as an upstream regulator of Epo expression. IRP1 deficiency leads to age-dependent erythropoietic abnormalities and misregulation of body iron metabolism via the HIF2α/Epo pathway.
RNAi screen identifies Jarid1b as a major regulator of mouse HSC activity
Authors: Cellot Sonia , Hope Kristin J. , Chagraoui Jalila , Sauvageau Martin , Deneault Éric , MacRae Tara , Mayotte Nadine , Wilhelm Brian T. , Landry Josette R. , Ting Stephen B. , Krosl Jana , Humphries Keith , Thompson Alexander , Sauvageau Guy 
Published: June 2013

Key Points
Jarid1b knockdown promotes enhanced HSC activity.
The synergistic necrohemorrhagic action of Clostridium perfringens perfringolysin and alpha toxin in the bovine intestine and against bovine endothelial cells
Authors: Verherstraeten Stefanie , Goossens Evy , Valgaeren Bonnie , Pardon Bart , Timbermont Leen , Vermeulen Karen , Schauvliege Stijn , Haesebrouck Freddy , Ducatelle Richard , Deprez Piet , Van Immerseel Filip 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Bovine necrohemorrhagic enteritis is a major cause of mortality in veal calves. Clostridium perfringens is considered as the causative agent, but there has been controversy on the toxins responsible for the disease. Recently, it has been demonstrated that a variety of C. perfringens type A strains can induce necrohemorrhagic lesions in a calf intestinal loop assay. These results put forward alpha toxin and perfringolysin as potential causative toxins, since both are produced by all C. perfringens type A strains. The importance of perfringolysin in the pathogenesis of bovine necrohemorrhagic enteritis has not been studied before. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to evaluate the role of perfringolysin in the development of necrohemorrhagic enteritis lesions in calves and its synergism with alpha toxin. A perfringolysin-deficient mutant, an alpha toxin-deficient mutant and a perfringolysin alpha toxin double mutant were less able to induce necrosis in a calf intestinal loop assay as compared to the wild-type strain. Only complementation with both toxins could restore the activity to that of the wild-type. In addition, perfringolysin and alpha toxin had a synergistic cytotoxic effect on bovine endothelial cells. This endothelial cell damage potentially explains why capillary hemorrhages are an initial step in the development of bovine necrohemorrhagic enteritis. Taken together, our results show that perfringolysin acts synergistically with alpha toxin in the development of necrohemorrhagic enteritis in a calf intestinal loop model and we hypothesize that both toxins act by targeting the endothelial cells.
Nocturnal CPAP improves walking capacity in COPD patients with obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: Wang Tsai-Yu , Lo Yu-Lun , Lee Kang-Yun , Liu Wen-Te , Lin Shu-Min , Lin Ting-Yu , Ni Yung-Lun , Wang Chao-Yung , Ho Shu-Chuan , Kuo Han-Pin 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Exercise limitation is an important issue in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and it often co-exists with obstructive sleep apnoea (overlap syndrome). This study examined the effects of nocturnal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on walking capacity in COPD patients with or without obstructive sleep apnoea.

Methods
Forty-four stable moderate-to-severe COPD patients were recruited and completed this study. They all underwent polysomnography, CPAP titration, accommodation, and treatment with adequate pressure. The incremental shuttle walking test was used to measure walking capacity at baseline and after two nights of CPAP treatment. Urinary catecholamine and heart rate variability were measured before and after CPAP treatment.

Results
After two nights of CPAP treatment, the apnoea-hypopnoea index and oxygen desaturation index significantly improved in both overlap syndrome and COPD patients, however these changes were significantly greater in the overlap syndrome than in the COPD group. Sleep architecture and autonomic dysfunction significantly improved in the overlap syndrome group but not in the COPD group. CPAP treatment was associated with an increased walking capacity from baseline from 226.4 ± 95.3 m to 288.6 ± 94.6 m (P < 0.05), and decreased urinary catecholamine levels, pre-exercise heart rate, oxygenation, and Borg scale in the overlap syndrome group. An improvement in the apnoea-hypopnoea index was an independent factor associated with the increase in walking distance (r = 0.564).

Conclusion
Nocturnal CPAP may improve walking capacity in COPD patients with overlap syndrome.

Trial registration

NCT00914264
Low-frequency intermediate penetrance variants in the ROCK1 gene predispose to Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Palomino Doza Julian , Topf Ana , Bentham Jamie , Bhattacharya Shoumo , Cosgrove Catherine , Brook J David , Granados-Riveron Javier , Bu’Lock Frances A , O’Sullivan John , Stuart A Graham , Parsons Jonathan , Relton Caroline , Goodship Judith , Henderson Deborah J , Keavney Bernard 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Epidemiological studies indicate a substantial excess familial recurrence of non-syndromic Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), implicating genetic factors that remain largely unknown. The Rho induced kinase 1 gene (ROCK1) is a key component of the planar cell polarity signalling pathway, which plays an important role in normal cardiac development. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of genetic variation in ROCK1 on the risk of TOF.

Results
ROCK1 was sequenced in a discovery cohort of 93 non-syndromic TOF probands to identify rare variants. TagSNPs were selected to capture commoner variation in ROCK1. Novel variants and TagSNPs were genotyped in a discovery cohort of 458 TOF cases and 1331 healthy controls, and positive findings were replicated in a further 209 TOF cases and 1290 healthy controls. Association between genotypes and TOF was assessed using LAMP.
A rare SNP (c.807C > T; rs56085230) discovered by sequencing was associated with TOF risk (p = 0.006) in the discovery cohort. The variant was also significantly associated with the risk of TOF in the replication cohort (p = 0.018). In the combined cohorts the odds ratio for TOF was 2.61 (95% CI 1.58-4.30); p < 0.0001. The minor allele frequency of rs56085230 in the cases was 0.02, and in the controls it was 0.007. The variant accounted for 1% of the population attributable risk (PAR) of TOF. We also found significant association with TOF for an uncommon TagSNP in ROCK1, rs288979 (OR 1.64 [95% CI 1.15-2.30]; p = 1.5x10-5). The minor allele frequency of rs288979 in the controls was 0.043, and the variant accounted for 11% of the PAR of TOF. These association signals were independent of each other, providing additional internal validation of our result.

Conclusions
Low frequency intermediate penetrance (LFIP) variants in the ROCK1 gene predispose to the risk of TOF.
Phage cluster relationships identified through single gene analysis
Authors: Smith Kyle C , Castro-Nallar Eduardo , Fisher Joshua NB , Breakwell Donald P , Grose Julianne H , Burnett Sandra H 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Phylogenetic comparison of bacteriophages requires whole genome approaches such as dotplot analysis, genome pairwise maps, and gene content analysis. Currently mycobacteriophages, a highly studied phage group, are categorized into related clusters based on the comparative analysis of whole genome sequences. With the recent explosion of phage isolation, a simple method for phage cluster prediction would facilitate analysis of crude or complex samples without whole genome isolation and sequencing. The hypothesis of this study was that mycobacteriophage-cluster prediction is possible using comparison of a single, ubiquitous, semi-conserved gene. Tape Measure Protein (TMP) was selected to test the hypothesis because it is typically the longest gene in mycobacteriophage genomes and because regions within the TMP gene are conserved.

Results
A single gene, TMP, identified the known Mycobacteriophage clusters and subclusters using a Gepard dotplot comparison or a phylogenetic tree constructed from global alignment and maximum likelihood comparisons. Gepard analysis of 247 mycobacteriophage TMP sequences appropriately recovered 98.8% of the subcluster assignments that were made by whole-genome comparison. Subcluster-specific primers within TMP allow for PCR determination of the mycobacteriophage subcluster from DNA samples. Using the single-gene comparison approach for siphovirus coliphages, phage groupings by TMP comparison reflected relationships observed in a whole genome dotplot comparison and confirm the potential utility of this approach to another widely studied group of phages.

Conclusions
TMP sequence comparison and PCR results support the hypothesis that a single gene can be used for distinguishing phage cluster and subcluster assignments. TMP single-gene analysis can quickly and accurately aid in mycobacteriophage classification.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of microsclerotia development in Nomuraea rileyi
Authors: Song Zhangyong , Yin Youping , Jiang Shasha , Liu Juanjuan , Chen Huan , Wang Zhongkang 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background

Nomuraea rileyi is used as an environmental-friendly biopesticide. However, mass production and commercialization of this organism are limited due to its fastidious growth and sporulation requirements. When cultured in amended medium, we found that N. rileyi could produce microsclerotia bodies, replacing conidiophores as the infectious agent. However, little is known about the genes involved in microsclerotia development. In the present study, the transcriptomes were analyzed using next-generation sequencing technology to find the genes involved in microsclerotia development.

Results
A total of 4.69 Gb of clean nucleotides comprising 32,061 sequences was obtained, and 20,919 sequences were annotated (about 65%). Among the annotated sequences, only 5928 were annotated with 34 gene ontology (GO) functional categories, and 12,778 sequences were mapped to 165 pathways by searching against the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG) database. Furthermore, we assessed the transcriptomic differences between cultures grown in minimal and amended medium. In total, 4808 sequences were found to be differentially expressed; 719 differentially expressed unigenes were assigned to 25 GO classes and 1888 differentially expressed unigenes were assigned to 161 KEGG pathways, including 25 enrichment pathways. Subsequently, we examined the up-regulation or uniquely expressed genes following amended medium treatment, which were also expressed on the enrichment pathway, and found that most of them participated in mediating oxidative stress homeostasis. To elucidate the role of oxidative stress in microsclerotia development, we analyzed the diversification of unigenes using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR).

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that oxidative stress occurs during microsclerotia development, along with a broad metabolic activity change. Our data provide the most comprehensive sequence resource available for the study of N. rileyi. We believe that the transcriptome datasets will serve as an important public information platform to accelerate studies on N. rileyi microsclerotia.
Holdfast spreading and thickening during Caulobacter crescentus attachment to surfaces
Authors: Li Guanglai , Brun Yves V , Tang Jay X 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Adhesion to surfaces facilitates many crucial functions of microbes in their natural habitats. Thus understanding the mechanism of microbial adhesion is of broad interest to the microbiology research community.

Results
We report a study by fluorescence imaging and atomic force microscopy on the growth in size and thickness of the holdfast of synchronized Caulobacter crescentus cells as they attach to a glass surface. We found that the holdfast undergoes a two-stage process of spreading and thickening during its morphogenesis. The holdfast first forms a thin plate on the surface. The diameter of the holdfast plate reaches its final average value of 360 nm by the cell age of ~ 30 min, while its thickness further increases until the age of ~ 60 min. Our AFM analysis indicates that the holdfast is typically thicker in the middle, with gradual falloff in thickness towards the outer edge.

Conclusions
We propose that the newly secreted holdfast substance is fluid-like. It has strong affinity to the surface and cures to form a plate-like holdfast capable of supporting strong and permanent adhesion.
Moraxella catarrhalis uses a twin-arginine translocation system to secrete the β-lactamase BRO-2
Authors: Balder Rachel , Shaffer Teresa L , Lafontaine Eric R 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundMoraxella catarrhalisis a human-specific gram-negative bacterium readily isolated from the respiratory tract of healthy individuals. The organism also causes significant health problems, including 15-20% of otitis media cases in children and ~10% of respiratory infections in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The lack of an efficacious vaccine, the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates, and high carriage rates reported in children are cause for concern. Virtually allMoraxella catarrhalisisolates are resistant to β-lactam antibiotics, which are generally the first antibiotics prescribed to treat otitis media in children. The enzymes responsible for this resistance, BRO-1 and BRO-2, are lipoproteins and the mechanism by which they are secreted to the periplasm ofM. catarrhaliscells has not been described.ResultsComparative genomic analyses identifiedM. catarrhalisgene products resembling the TatA, TatB, and TatC proteins of the well-characterized Twin Arginine Translocation (TAT) secretory apparatus. Mutations in theM. catarrhalis tatA,tatBandtatCgenes revealed that the proteins are necessary for optimal growth and resistance to β-lactams. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to replace highly-conserved twin arginine residues in the predicted signal sequence ofM. catarrhalisstrain O35E BRO-2, which abolished resistance to the β-lactam antibiotic carbanecillin.ConclusionsMoraxella catarrhalispossesses a TAT secretory apparatus, which plays a key role in growth of the organism and is necessary for secretion of BRO-2 into the periplasm where the enzyme can protect the peptidoglycan cell wall from the antimicrobial activity of β-lactam antibiotics.
Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to antibiotics in Lao PDR: first multicentric study conducted in 3 hospitals
Authors: Iem Vibol , Somphavong Silaphet , Buisson Yves , Steenkeste Nicolas , Breysse Franck , Chomarat Monique , Sylavanh Phannasinh , Nanthavong Phouratsamy , Rajoharison Alain , Berland Jean-Luc , Paboriboune Phimpha 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
It is estimated that Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) ranks fifth among the seven countries most affected by TB in the WHO Western Pacific Region. However, because of late implementation of mycobacterial culture, no study on resistance to anti-TB drugs had been performed yet. The objective of this study was to document drug resistance rate among patients hospitalized for pulmonary TB in threeprovinces of Lao PDR.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in three sites, one central and two regional hospitals, from April to November 2010. For each TB suspected patient sputum smear microscopy and culture on Lowenstein-Jensen media were performed. GenoType® MTBDRplus assay was used to test the susceptibility to isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RMP), GenoType® MTBDRsl for second-line drugs and GenoType® Mycobacterium CMAS for non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM).

Results
Out of 104 positive culture on Lowenstein-Jensen, 87 (83.6%) were M. tuberculosis and 17 (16.4%) were NTM. Of 73 new TB cases, 5 isolates (6.8%) were resistant to INH. Of 14 previously treated cases, 2 isolates (14.3%) were resistant to INH and one isolate was XDR.

Conclusion
Despite an overall rate of resistance still moderate, the frequency of mutations conferring INH monoresistance and identification of the first strain of XDR require strengthening surveillance of drug resistant tuberculosis in Lao PDR.
Survival patterns of patients on maintenance hemodialysis for end stage renal disease in Ethiopia: summary of 91 cases
Authors: Shibiru Tamiru , Gudina Esayas Kebede , Habte Belete , Deribew Amare , Agonafer Tewodros 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
The increasing incidence and prevalence of chronic kidney disease is an important challenge for health systems around the world. Access for care of the disease in Ethiopia is extremely limited. The main purpose of the study was to investigate survival pattern and assess risk factors for poor outcome of patients on maintenance hemodialysis for end stage renal disease in Ethiopia.

Methods
Medical records of patients on maintenance hemodialysis for end stage renal disease at Saint Gabriel General Hospital between 2002 and 2010 were reviewed. The data was collected by complete review of patient’s clinical data. Descriptive statistics was used for most variables and Chi-square test, where necessary, was used to test the association among various variables. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was done to assess both short and long term survival. P-values of < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.

Results
A total of 190 patients were registered for hemodialysis at the hospital 91 of which were included in the final assessment. Mean age at dialysis initiation was 58 ± 15 years. Fifty-five (60.4%) of the patients had prior history of diabetes. Almost all of them had serum creatinine of > 5mg/dl and some degree of anemia at dialysis initiation. Forty-one (45.1%) deaths occurred during dialysis treatment and 21 (23.1%) of patients died within the first 90 days of starting dialysis. Only 42.1% of them survived longer than a year. The frequently registered causes of death were septicemia (34.1%) and cardiovascular diseases (29.3%). Use of catheter as vascular access was associated with decreased short term and long term survival.

Conclusion
Dialysis as treatment modality is extremely scarce in Ethiopia and affordable to only the rich. Survival pattern in those on the treatment is less satisfactory and short of usual standards in the developed world and needs further investigation. We thus recommend a large scale analysis of national dialysis registry at all dialysis centers in the country.