bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of design approximation impact on neutronic characteristics of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel assembly
Authors: Salyaev Alexander V. , Usynina Svetlana G. , Kalinina Valeriya P. 
Published: July 2024

A comparative study has been conducted to find out how design approximations and simulation methods of a prismatic-type fuel block of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) may affect the calculation accuracy of neutronic characteristics of fuel assemblies.
To study the impact, a detailed three-dimensional computational model of a typical fuel block including fuel compacts, burnable absorber compacts, and coolant passages was developed. Changes in neutronic characteristics in the process of fuel assembly irradiation were calculated. The burnup was analyzed based on the SCALE 6.2.4 software package using a calculation module implementing the Monte Carlo method with a multigroup library of cross-sections on the basis of ENDF/B-VII.1 files of assessed nuclear data and the ORIGEN burnup analysis module included in this package.
Different ways of modeling fuel compacts and burnable absorber compacts have been considered: using a built-in tool (DOUBLEHET cell type), by specifying fuel particles in the graphite matrix, and their combination. The calculations were made using the 252-group library of constants except for the option in which fuel compacts and burnable absorber compacts were simulated explicitly by particles in the graphite matrix. In the latter case, a library with a pointwise (CE) representation of cross-sections was used. A series of calculations were also made to assess the way computational statistic parameters affect the results.
The results confirm correct operation of the SCALE complex built-in tool, i.e. cells with the DOUBLEHET-type double heterogeneity, and its prospective use to calculate neutronic characteristics of HTGR fuel. The calculations have also shown that it is acceptable to model burnable absorber compacts both by setting a DOUBLEHET-type cell and explicitly by particles in the graphite matrix. In general, the calculation results for these options agree quite well, within 1-2%, with the direct calculation using the pointwise library of cross-sections.
Based on the computational statistic parameters, it may be recommended to set at least 200,000 histories and the number of particles in a generation or the number of generations should be at least 250.
Sociologie des petites liturgies domestiques essentielles. Entrer dans un supermarché avec Michel Houellebecq
Authors: Fleurdorge Denis 
Published: July 2024

L’œuvre de Michel Houellebecq est traversée par des « visites », souvent répétitives, dans des centres commerciaux : supérettes, supermarchés ou hypermarchés. Il ne s’agit pas de moments de rupture ou de dégression dans la narration, mais toujours d’une réflexion sur la condition humaine confrontée à la banalité du quotidien, qui impose, entre autres, d’assurer sa subsistance. Une fois encore, n’étant pas à un paradoxe près, Houellebecq porte plutôt un regard bienveillant sur les centres commerciaux en tant que lieux de sociabilité, parfois même en les assimilant à une forme de havre de paix sociale, voire de distinction.
L’école comme moyen de favoriser l’ascension sociale. L’évolution en Suède depuis le XIXe siècle
Authors: Froger-Olsson Lise 
Published: July 2024

Les possibilités d’accéder à l’éducation en Suède, ainsi que le type d’éducation dispensée ont beaucoup évolué à travers les siècles. L’enseignement s’est progressivement élargi, ne concernant tout d’abord qu’un public d’enfants, pour s’étendre à compter du XIXe siècle à un public d’adultes dans la perspective de N.F.S. Grundtvig. Créées à partir de 1848, les folkhögskolor assurent durant la première moitié du XXe siècle un rôle d’ascenseur social. Le XXe siècle a vu la naissance d’autres formes d’enseignement destinées aux adultes, sanctionnées par un diplôme. Au cours du siècle dernier et en ce début de XXIe siècle, l’enseignement à destination des adultes assure l’intégration des immigrants, est un outil dans la lutte contre le chômage, mais garde aussi sa vocation première : assurer l’épanouissement personnel des élèves. Le rôle assigné à l’enseignement a changé à travers les siècles ; il doit désormais assurer stabilité et cohésion de la société ou/et épanouissement de l’individu. L’éducation est devenue facteur d’ascension sociale dès le XIXe siècle, mais conserve également son importance dans la formation d’une main-d’œuvre adaptée au marché du travail.
Sambre, question de genre, ou migration des concepts
Authors: Bertho-Lavenir Catherine 
Published: July 2024

Comment des concepts élaborés dans le cadre d’une culture militante féministe passent-ils dans le grand public ? À partir de l’exemple du livre d’Alice Géraud Sambre, et de la série télévisée du même nom réalisée par Jean-Xavier de Lestrade, on peut s’interroger sur les conditions qui permettent une telle migration d’un environnement culturel à un autre. L’examen de la posture professionnelle des deux auteurs permet de constater, en premier lieu, que la popularisation des concepts de culture du viol, de patriarcat et de domination systémique fait explicitement partie de leur projet. Leur expérience et leur éthique professionnelle leur donnent les moyens de réaliser une œuvre au propos clair. En revanche, les aléas de la réception amènent à s’interroger sur l’efficacité de la démarche. Il ne s’agit là que d’une étude de cas mais elle permet d’interroger la question de l’efficacité de certaines œuvres dans un contexte de changement culturel.
Le Kremlin et l’olympisme. Divergences et convergences entre visions et pratiques de l’internationalisme
Authors: Dufraisse Sylvain 
Published: July 2024

Comment les dirigeants soviétiques, dont les prédécesseurs bolchéviques étaient en tout point opposés à l’olympisme et à ses idéaux, se sont-ils retrouvés au cours des années 1980 à se concevoir comme les premiers défenseurs de l’idéal olympique ? Pour résoudre cette énigme, l’article revient sur les relations entre les dirigeants russes puis soviétiques et le mouvement olympique depuis l’entrée des sportifs russes dans les compétitions olympiques. Ce faisant, il dégage des phases de divergences et de convergences entre ces deux mondes. Il montre que le poids géopolitique acquis après la Seconde Guerre mondiale et le prestige apporté par les résultats obtenus par les politiques de performance soviétiques permettent aux représentants soviétiques d’intégrer les instances olympiques, puis d’y peser. Les dirigeants originaires d’URSS, avec leurs alliés des démocraties populaires, s’accoutument ainsi à l’olympisme et cherchent à l’encoder différemment. Ils tentent d’en orienter les modes de fonctionnement pour rendre le CIO plus « démocratique » et plus ouvert.
Modalités de réception et transferts culturels, le cas des Männerphantasien de Klaus Theweleit
Authors: Lucchese Christophe 
Published: July 2024

En 1977, la parution de Männerphantasien en Allemagne de l’Ouest fait passer Klaus Theweleit, son auteur, du statut de jeune docteur en lettres à celui de « star intellectuelle ». Le livre, inclassable autant qu’iconoclaste, porte sur la littérature des corps francs allemands des années 1920 à travers plus de deux-cent-cinquante romans et mémoires, et s’attache à décrire un type d’homme protofasciste que l’auteur nomme « l’homme soldat » et qui a participé à la répression du mouvement ouvrier à l’orée de la République de Weimar. S’éloignant des lectures politique et économique du fascisme en cours à son époque, Klaus Theweleit analyse le fascisme en termes d’économie libidinale et de corporéité militaire forgée dans la haine des femmes. Travail pionnier outre-Rhin sur l’histoire des corps et des affects, le livre a été traduit en français avec un décalage de presque quarante ans et n’a reçu qu’un faible écho, alors même qu’il constitue une contribution originale et pionnière à l’histoire culturelle du fascisme, des sensibilités et du genre. Le présent article analyse la réception de Männerphantasien respectivement en Allemagne et dans l’espace anglophone (Grande Bretagne et États-Unis) suivant les deux modalités de la résonnance de l’ouvrage dans l’espace public (polarisation) et de son intégration dans un ou des champs disciplinaires (patrimonialisation), qui contrastent avec la réception tardive et partielle en France.
Relire la forme et le discours de Route One/USA (Robert Kramer, 1989) à l’aune de ses chutes de montage et de ses spécificités techniques
Authors: Daniellou Simon 
Published: July 2024

La prise en compte des moyens techniques novateurs à disposition de Robert Kramer et de sa petite équipe au moment du tournage en 1987-1988 du film semi-documentaire Route One/USA (1989) est susceptible de renouveler l’analyse esthétique de cette œuvre phare du cinéaste, mais aussi d’appréhender plus précisément le discours qu’il tient alors sur les États-Unis d’Amérique, pays natal un temps fui et redécouvert en cette fin d’ère Reagan. À partir de la description des spécificités des équipements de la firme française Aaton employés sur le tournage, mais aussi des chutes de montage encore aujourd’hui consultables aux Archives françaises du film, sont ainsi étudiés en détail les choix de découpage du cinéaste effectués sur le vif, par la suite confirmés ou non au moment de la postproduction. En définitive, il s’agit de mettre au jour les différents types de relations tissées entre Kramer et les personnes retrouvées ou rencontrées sur sa route, par l’intermédiaire ou non de Doc, personnage fictionnel élaboré en collaboration avec le comédien Paul McIsaac.
Olympic Cultures in Mexico City
Authors: J.Axel Elías 
Published: July 2024

Lorsqu’il s’agit de retracer les origines du mouvement olympique moderne, la plupart des ouvrages privilégient les mesures prises par les membres du Congrès olympique de 1894. Néanmoins, des chercheurs, notamment mexicains, ont soutenu que le sport et les activités physiques répondent à diverses influences et généalogies, et n’ont pas une origine unique. La recherche sur le sport gagne à mieux connaître les idées et les pratiques locales qui ont façonné l’olympisme et vice versa. Dans cet article, je fais l’hypothèse que même si le gouvernement mexicain a cherché à se conformer aux règlements du Comité international olympique (CIO) tout au long du XXe siècle, les conditions d’intégration au mouvement olympique ont une histoire plus longue et plus complexe. J’utilise la littérature secondaire pour décentrer l’olympisme européen et montrer que les gouvernements mexicains ont utilisé les politiques publiques et la création d’infrastructures urbaines liées aux activités physiques comme des formes d’hygiénisme, puis comme un moyen de montrer les progrès économiques du pays. Ces mesures ont permis à la ville de Mexico de satisfaire aux exigences du CIO et d’être choisie pour accueillir les Jeux olympiques de 1968. Parallèlement, elles ont contribué à la centralisation et à la mondialisation du mouvement olympique autour du CIO.
The Renaissance of Secondary Syphilis: A Case Series
Authors: George Blessy , Naik Ravina , Ghodge Rakhi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Sexually transmitted diseases/infections (STDs/STIs) are one of major public health concern, and syphilis in today’s era is not an uncommon diagnosis. The rising trend of syphilis cases can be attributed to changes in sexual practices such as individuals being engaged in oro-genital or anogenital sex, having multiple sexual partners, increase in men having sex with men, HIV co-infection, and drug abuse. Syphilis mimics many other diseases, and diagnosis can be delayed if the clinician is not aware of varied presentations. Often, unusual mucocutaneous manifestations have fascinated dermatologists, leading to diagnostic difficulties. In today’s era, cases of secondary and latent syphilis are being more commonly encountered than those of primary syphilis. Herein, we emphasize on varied mucocutaneous manifestations of secondary syphilis among young individuals. We would like to highlight the need for the implementation of sex education among adolescents/young adults to prevent STDs/STIs.
Pulse Therapy in Rituximab Era: A Retrospective Study of 124 Patients of Pemphigus from a Tertiary Care Center of South Rajasthan
Authors: Mittal Asit , Makhija Rini , Meena Manju , Balai Manisha , Gupta Lalit Kumar , Mehta Sharad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Pemphigus is a potentially life-threatening autoimmune blistering disease which characteristically affects skin and mucosae. Pulse therapy for the treatment of pemphigus has been in vogue for several years and considered better than conventional corticosteroids.

Aims and objectives:
This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pulse therapy in pemphigus patients treated over a period of 10 years.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study was based on medical records of Pemphigus patients treated at Department of Dermatology from January 2008 to December 2017. Diagnosis of pemphigus was made on clinical ground, Tzanck smear and histopathology of skin/mucous membrane lesions. Patients were put on DCP/DAP depending on the completion of family.

Results:
A total of 124 patients were included in the study. Age of patients ranged from 18 years to 72 years with mean of 41.21±12.71 years. Amongst 124 patients, 114 (92%) had pemphigus vulgaris and 10 (8%) had pemphigus foliaceous. 89 patients received DCP and 35 patients received DAP therapy. Number of pulses received by patients in phase I ranged from 4 to 27, average being 8.16±4.63. 106 patients completed the phase I of which 83 completed the phase II. 54 patients had successfully completed phase III of which 22 are currently in phase IV and 28 patients have completed their five year follow up period and considered as cured.

Conclusion:
Pulse therapy is a cheap and easily available mode of therapy in treatment of pemphigus in India even in the present era of modern molecules like Rituximab. With pulse therapy, it is now possible to induce and maintain remission, and achieve cure, provided the patients strictly adhere to the prescribed schedule.
Profile of Micronutrients in Patients Presenting with Pityriasis Alba in a Tertiary Care Center: A Case–control Study
Authors: Shashikumar Madegowda Basavapura , Harish MR , Naidu Hemalatha M , Vinaykumar MV , Deepadarshan Kalegowda , Phani H N 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Pityriasis alba (PA) is a common, self-limiting skin disease of childhood. Several micronutrient deficiencies have been attributed to causing PA. Few studies have found a decreased level of serum zinc to be associated with PA, whereas other studies have found a deficiency of serum copper, magnesium, ferritin, and Vitamin D3 to be associated with PA.

Aims and Objectives:
The objective of the study was to estimate the serum levels of micronutrients (zinc, copper, magnesium, and ferritin), hemoglobin (Hb), serum albumin, and Vitamin D3 in patients of PA and compare the same with that of controls.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 36 patients with PA and 36 controls were enrolled in the study. Five milliliters of venous blood will be obtained from both cases and controls to conduct the investigations. The serum levels of zinc, ferritin, magnesium, copper, Vitamin D3, hemoglobin, and serum albumin levels were detected. The data were analyzed statistically.

Results:
In this study, we observed a low serum level of zinc associated with PA patients, when compared to healthy controls with P < 0.042. The serum levels of magnesium in cases were significantly low compared to controls with P < 0.002, which was statistically significant. Vitamin D and Hb levels were also significantly reduced in the PA patients. However, we did not find statistical significance between serum levels of copper, albumin, and ferritin in cases and controls with P = 0.408, P = 0.055, and P = 0.082, respectively.

Conclusion:
PA is a multifactorial etiological condition, in which micronutrient deficiency is an important cause and supplementation of micronutrients among these patients may be beneficial.
Spice components as modulating agents of P-glycoprotein – An in silico study
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Swagata , Roy Chandana , Ghosh Pratiti 
Published: July 2024

Abstract:
P-glycoprotein acts as a protective barrier against xenobiotics and cellular toxicants in the human body while playing an important role in drug transportation in many organs. Overexpression of p-glycoprotein can lead to a decrease in the absorption of many drugs. After screening, 33 phytochemicals from 25 spices were selected for docking with p-glycoprotein to detect some naturally occurring p-glycoprotein inhibitors to modulate multidrug resistance. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity prediction and drug-like properties of those ligands were investigated from pkCSM, Molinspiration, and SwissADME software, followed by molecular docking study and molecular dynamic simulation on BIOVIA Discovery Studio. These 33 phytochemicals met the criteria of p-glycoprotein inhibitor as much as the reference drug verapamil. Pandamarilactone-31 showed the highest binding affinity for p-glycoprotein, acting as the lead p-glycoprotein inhibitor, followed by α-D-fructofuranoside methyl, sesamolinol, and nigellidine.
Drug use survey to identify significant drug–drug interactions and assess clinical importance in the outpatient setting of a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Chowdhury Koustuv , Hazra Avijit , Ghosh Soumitra , Choudhury Shouvik 
Published: July 2024

Abstract:

OBJECTIVES:
Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) are a common problem in pharmacotherapy, particularly in situations where multiple disorders must be treated at the same time. We conducted a drug use survey in the general medicine outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital with the objective of assessing the potential for DDI in individual prescriptions for adult patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Drugs prescribed in the current physician–patient encounter were considered in conjunction with medicines already being received by the patient as well as those discontinued in the past 1 month. Free online DDI checkers (available at https://www.drugs.com/drug_interactions.html and https://reference.medscape.com/) were used to identify potential DDI and categorize them into mild, moderate, and severe categories. We did not consider food, alcohol, or smoking-related interactions.

RESULTS:
A total of 153 prescriptions, having two or more drugs, were collected, and they accounted for 1052 prescribed drugs. Among them, 613 (58.27%) were prescribed in index visits, and the rest 438 (41.63%) were preexisting medication. The number of drugs prescribed in index visits ranged from 1 to 9 (mean ± standard deviation [SD] 4.0 ± 1.86; median 4). Potential DDIs were identified in 103 (67.32%) instances. The total number of interactions identified was 412. Of these, 19.66% had minor, 77.67% moderate, and 7.19% major clinical implications. Potential DDI count in each prescription was found from 0 to 13 in number (mean ± SD 2.7 ± 3.12; median 2.0). This number correlated strongly with the number of drugs being received by individual subjects (Rho 0.744; P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Potential DDIs are a reality in day to day prescribing practice. Substantial proportion of these DDIs may have significant clinical implications. Prescribers need to be sensitized to this issue. Combining human expertise with technological solutions such as automated drug interaction alerts can help rectify the situation. Similar surveys are needed on a periodic basis to improve medication safety for patients.
Characterization of missense nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism of runt-related transcription factor-2 gene – An in silico approach
Authors: Shiv Ragul , Rakeswari  , Farjana Nilofer , Subbiah Usha , Ajith Athira , Balaji Anitha , Mohanasatheesh S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract:

OBJECTIVES:
Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) codes for multiple amino acids, impacting protein functions and disease prognosis. Runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2), a transcription factor linked to osteoblast differentiation, regulates cell proliferation in endothelium and osteoblastic cells. Understanding Runx2’s role in nonosseous tissues is rapidly advancing. This study aims to identify harmful SNPs of the RUNX2 gene that may alter disease susceptibility using computational techniques.

METHODS:
The study uses various in silico methods to identify nonsynonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) of the RUNX2 gene, which could potentially alter protein structure and functions, with further analyses by I-Mutant, ConSurf, Netsurf 3.0, GeneMANIA, and Have (y)Our Protein Explained.

RESULTS:
Six missense nsSNPs were identified as potentially harmful, disease-causing, and damaging. Four were found to be unstable, while five were conserved. All six nsSNPs had a coiled secondary structure. Five nsSNPs were found to be destabilized.

CONCLUSION:
The RUNX2 gene’s deleterious missense nsSNPs were identified by this study, and they may be exploited in future experimental studies. These high-risk nsSNPs might be considered target molecules in therapeutic and diagnostic therapies in teeth and bone development.
Fruit and vegetable consumption in diabetics patients: Effect of pender health promotion model (HPM) intervention
Authors: Zeidabadi Batool , Sadeghi Reza , Ahmadi Tabatabai Seyed Vahid , Amiri Mohammad Moqaddasi , Abolghaseminejad Parniya , Ahmadzadeh Khadijeh 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:This study was aimed to investigate the effect of the intervention based on Pender’s health promotion model (Pender’s HPM) to improve the consumption of fruits and vegetables in diabetic patients.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The present study was quasi-experiment community-based research conducted on 112 diabetic patients in Sirjan City. Eligible diabetic patients were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. The data were collected by two questionnaires, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and the researcher-made based on Pender’s HPM. In order to compare qualitative variables between two groups, Chi-square test was performed.Pvalue <0.05 was considered significant.RESULTS:The findings showed that there is a significant difference in the consumption of fruit juice in men and women (Pvalue = 0.016). In this study, the perceived obstacles structure and interpersonal influences structure was effective on the consumption of vegetables and salad in diabetic patients before and after the educational intervention.CONCLUSION:Perceived benefits and interpersonal and situational influencers are effective on the consumption of fruits and vegetables in diabetic people and health planners should design educational interventions in order to increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables in the target group by considering these effective determinants.