bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between C-reactive protein, pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance and traditional cardiovascular risk factors in an Iranian population
Authors: Razavi Akramosadat , Baghshani Mohammad Reza , Rahsepar Amir Ali , Ardabili Hossein Mohaddes , Andalibi Mohammad Sobhan Sheikh , Parizadeh Seyyed Mohammad Reza , Tavallaie Shima , Mousavi Somayeh , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid , Ferns Gordon 
Published: April 2013

Background Inflammatory states are known to cause an imbalance in the redox status. We aimed to study the possible associations between pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) and serum high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations and traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in an unselected Iranian population and in groups of individuals with specific disease. Methods The study was conducted among an unselected population of 758 male subjects. Biochemical markers, including hs-CRP and PAB values, were measured. Results Serum hs-CRP concentrations were positively associated with serum PAB values (r = 0.260, P ≤ 0.001). Univariate analysis showed that PAB values were statistically higher in individuals who were obese or smokers compared with non-obese and non-smokers individuals (P < 0.01). While serum hs-CRP concentrations were significantly higher in older subjects, subjects with obesity, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, central obesity, hypertriglyceridaemia, higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, positive history of CVD and lower physical activity than subjects without these risk factors (P < 0.05). Comparing hs-CRP and PAB values in different CVD risk score subgroups showed a significant incremental rise in both parameters as CVD risk score increased (P < 0.05). Using multiple linear regression analysis we found a strong association between PAB values and hs-CRP concentrations. Conclusions This study showed that among Iranian subjects, the inflammatory marker, hs-CRP, was strongly and positively associated with a marker of oxidative stress and also with several traditional risk factors of CVD. Moreover, the impact of traditional cardiovascular risk factors on hs-CRP concentrations and PAB values differed.
Primeiro registro de Ectopsocus titschacki Jentsch (Psocodea: Psocoptera: Ectopsocidae) para o Estado da Bahia: Uma Prova da Falta de Estudos nessa Ordem de Insecta no Brasil
Authors: Silva Neto Alberto Moreira , Bravo Freddy , García Aldrete Alfonso N. 
Published: April 2013

Nesse trabalho realizamos o primeiro registro de Ectopsocus titschacki Jentsch para o Estado da Bahia, incluindo alguns comentários sobre a atual situação do conhecimento e da distribuição dessa ordem de Insecta no Brasil evidenciando a lacuna de conhecimento desse grupo em alguns estados especialmente aqueles pertencentes à região Nordeste.
First Record of Ectopsocus titschacki Jentsch (Psocodea: Psocoptera: Ectopsocidae) in Bahia State: Proof of a Lack of Studies on this Order of Insecta in Brazil
Abstract. In this paper we report the first record of Ectopsocus titschacki Jentsch for the State of Bahia, including some comments on the current state of knowledge and distribution of this order of Insecta in Brazil showing the knowledge gap that group in some states especially those belonging to Northeast.
Aspectos ecológicos de Atta sexdens piriventris Santschi (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) no município de Capinzal, Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Spier Manuelly Sartori , Spier Edson Fernando , Dalavéquia Máira Aparecida , Favretto Mario Arthur 
Published: April 2013

Entre as espécies de formigas economicamente importantes, devido aos danos que muitas vezes causam à agricultura, as mais significativas são as formigas-cortadeiras por possuírem o hábito de cortar e transportar fragmentos vegetais diversos para os seus ninhos subterrâneos. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar alguns aspectos ecológicos de Atta sexdens piriventris Santschi no município de Capinzal, estado de Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil. O material de origem vegetal transportado pelas formigas apresentou como característica folhas verdes/frescas 57%, folhas secas 23%, pedaços de frutos 7%, sementes 7% e flores 3%. Já os de origem animal tiveram uma representação de 3%, e eram compostos por pedaços de insetos. A média de distância percorrida pelas formigas em busca do substrato foi de 12,54 m.
Ecological Aspects of Atta sexdens piriventris Santschi (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Municipality of Capinzal, Santa Catarina, Brazil
Abstract. Among the economically important species of ants, due to the damage they often cause the agriculture the most significant are the leaf-cutting ants because they have the habit of cut and transport various plant fragments to their underground nests. The objective of this study was characterized some ecological aspects of Atta sexdens piriventris Santschi in the municipality of Capinzal, Santa Catarina state, Southern Brazil. The plant material transported by the ants was 57% of green leaves, 23% of dried leaves, 7% of fruits, 7% of seeds, 3% of flowers and only 3% of animal parts, mostly compounds by insect parts. The average distance walked by the ants in search of the substrate was 12.54 m.
Estudo comparativo das sensilas antenais de operárias de Melipona scutellaris (Hymenoptera: Apidae) de diferentes altitudes
Authors: Nascimento Marcília Aparecida , Salomão Tânia Maria Fernandes , Martins Gustavo 
Published: April 2013

Sensilas são estruturas sensoriais presentes nas antenas dos insetos e são responsáveis pela higro- quimio-, termo- e mecanorrecepção. No presente trabalho, as sensilas presentes nos três flagelômeros (F) mais distais de Melipona scutellaris Latreille (Hymenopera: Apidae) coletadas em diferentes altitudes (200 e acima de 900m) foram avaliadas qualitativamente e quantitativamente. A identificação, contagem e medição das sensilas foram feitas a partir de imagens da superfície dorsal das antenas que foram obtidas com o auxílio de microscópio eletrônico de varredura. Foram observadas as sensilas placoide, basicônica, celocônica, ampulácea, campaniforme e tricoide reta e curvada. Comparativamente, o grupo localizado a 200m de altitude possui sensilas tricoides retas em maior quantidade nos três flagelômeros, enquanto que o grupo de altitudes acima de 900m apresentou maior quantidade de sensilas tricoides curvadas no F9, sendo as mesmas maiores para o F10. Essas diferenças foram discutidas em função da localização geográfica dos diferentes grupos aqui estudados. Os resultados da investigação da estrutura antenal de M. scutellaris contribuem para um melhor entendimento da biologia dessa espécie.
A Comparative Study of the Antennal Sensilla of Melipona scutellaris Latreille (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Workers From Different Altitudes

Abstract. The sensilla are sensitive structures located in different insect parts including antennae. They are responsible for the hygro- chemo-, thermo- and mechanoreception. In the present work the antennal topography of two different populations of Melipona scutellaris Latreille (Hymenopera: Apidae) from different altitudes (200 and above 900m) were studied considering the last three distal antennal flagelomers (F). Images of the antennal surface were obtained with the aid of the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SEM analysis showed that the sensilla placodea, basiconic, coeloconic, ampullacea, campaniform and trichodea are present in the dorsal surface of the M. scutellaris antennae. The number of sensilla trichodea of the straight subtype is greater in the last three flagelomers in individuals of 200m altitude, while individuals located above 900m altitude has a greater number of sensilla trichodea of the subtype curved in the F9 and they have greater length in individuals of 900m altitude only in the F10. These differences were discussed according to the geographic location of the different groups studied here. This work represents the first assessment to antennal structure of M. scutellaris and contributes to a better understanding of the biology of this species.
Entomofauna do Oeste do Estado de Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil
Authors: Favretto Mario Arthur , Dos Santos Emili Bortolon , Geuster Cleiton José 
Published: April 2013

No presente trabalho é apresentada uma lista de 1328 espécies de insetos observadas no oeste do Estado de Santa Catarina nas últimas oito décadas, esta riqueza de espécies equivale a 1,47% do total de espécies registradas no Brasil. Foram compilados os registrados em diversas coleções por F. Plaumann, literatura, além de observações pessoais. Foram registradas 17 ordens, sendo que as com maior riqueza de espécies foram Hymenoptera com 382 espécies, sendo que a família Formicidae representou 48,42% das espécies desta ordem e Apidae 19%. Em Coleoptera foram registradas 230 espécies, com Curculionidae representando 22,60% desse total e Coccinelidae 19,13%. Na ordem Lepidoptera foram 199 espécies, a família Nymphalidae representou 37,18% dessa riqueza e Saturniidae 22,11%. A riqueza de espécies aqui apresentada ainda é mínima se comparada ao total registrado para o Brasil, mas é trata-se de uma etapa importante para ampliar os conhecimentos sobre a distribuição geográfica destas espécies.
Entomofauna from West of Santa Catarina State, South of Brazil
Abstract. In this study is presented a list of 1328 insect species observed in west of Santa Catarina State, Brazil, in the last eight decades. The species richness founds corresponds 1.47 % of the total of species registered in Brazil. The data set was compiled from collection records performed by F. Plaumann, in addition to the records from literature and personal observations. Here, we recorded a total of 17 orders of insects. The order Hymenoptera had greatest richness with 382 species. Within Hymenoptera, the family Formicidae represented 48.42% and Apidae, 19%. In order Coleoptera, we found 230 species, with Curculionidae representing 22.60% of this total and Coccinelidae 19.13%. On the order Lepidoptera we recorded 199 species, the Nymphalidae family represented 37.18% of this richness and Saturniidae, 22.11%. The species richness presented here is minimal when compared to the total recorded for Brazil, but it is an important step to improve the knowledge about the geographic distribution of these insects.
Dynamic Business Share Allocation in a Supply Chain with Competing Suppliers
Authors: Li Hongmin , Zhang Hao , Fine Charles H. 
Published: April 2013

This paper studies a repeated game between a manufacturer and two competing suppliers with imperfect monitoring. We present a principal-agent model for managing long-term supplier relationships using a unique form of measurement and incentive scheme. We measure a supplier's overall performance with a rating equivalent to its continuation utility (the expected total discounted utility of its future payoffs), and incentivize supplier effort with larger allocations of future business. We obtain the vector of the two suppliers' ratings as the state of a Markov decision process, and we solve an infinite horizon contracting problem in which the manufacturer allocates business volume between the two suppliers and updates their ratings dynamically based on their current ratings and the current performance outcome. Our contributions are both theoretical and managerial: we propose a repeated principal-agent model with a novel incentive scheme to tackle a common, but challenging, incentive problem in a multiperiod supply chain setting. Assuming binary effort choices and performance outcomes by the suppliers, we characterize the structure of the optimal contract through a novel fixed-point analysis. Our results provide a theoretical foundation for the emergence of “business-as-usual” (low effort) trapping states and tournament competition (high effort) recurrent states as the long-run incentive drivers for motivating critical suppliers.
Messunsicherheit eines sekundären Kalibriersystems mit primär kalibriertem internen Bezugsnormal
Authors: Bühn Uwe 
Published: April 2013

Zusammenfassung
Zur Kalibrierung von Schwingungsaufnehmern dienen genaue Primärsysteme mit interferometrischer Messung der Schwingungsgröße aber auch preiswerte Sekundärsysteme mit primär kalibrierten Bezugsnormalen. Dazwischen gibt es Systeme, bei denen das Bezugsnormal fest in die Armatur des Schwingungserregers integriert ist und primär kalibriert wurde. Wird ein solches System zur Vergleichskalibrierung benutzt, dann führt das gegenüber klassischen Systemen zu geringeren Messunsicherheiten, da sich bestimmte Einflussgrößen bereits in der Messunsicherheit des internen Bezugsnormals niedergeschlagen haben.
Retrospective View of North American Potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) Breeding in the 20th and 21st Centuries
Authors: Hirsch Candice N , Hirsch Cory D , Felcher Kimberly , Coombs Joseph , Zarka Dan , Van Deynze Allen , De Jong Walter , Veilleux Richard E , Jansky Shelley , Bethke Paul , Douches David S , Buell C Robin 
Published: April 2013

AbstractCultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), a vegetatively propagated autotetraploid, has been bred for distinct market classes, including fresh market, pigmented, and processing varieties. Breeding efforts have relied on phenotypic selection of populations developed from intra- and intermarket class crosses and introgressions of wild and cultivated Solanum relatives. To retrospectively explore the effects of potato breeding at the genome level, we used 8303 single-nucleotide polymorphism markers to genotype a 250-line diversity panel composed of wild species, genetic stocks, and cultivated potato lines with release dates ranging from 1857 to 2011. Population structure analysis revealed four subpopulations within the panel, with cultivated potato lines grouping together and separate from wild species and genetic stocks. With pairwise kinship estimates clear separation between potato market classes was observed. Modern breeding efforts have scarcely changed the percentage of heterozygous loci or the frequency of homozygous, single-dose, and duplex loci on a genome level, despite concerted efforts by breeders. In contrast, clear selection in less than 50 years of breeding was observed for alleles in biosynthetic pathways important for market class-specific traits such as pigmentation and carbohydrate composition. Although improvement and diversification for distinct market classes was observed through whole-genome analysis of historic and current potato lines, an increased rate of gain from selection will be required to meet growing global food demands and challenges due to climate change. Understanding the genetic basis of diversification and trait improvement will allow for more rapid genome-guided improvement of potato in future breeding efforts.
Resistance to Germline RNA Interference in a Caenorhabditis elegans Wild Isolate Exhibits Complexity and Nonadditivity
Authors: Pollard Daniel A , Rockman Matthew V 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Resolving the genetic complexity of heritable phenotypic variation is fundamental to understanding the mechanisms of evolution and the etiology of human disease. Trait variation among isolates from genetically efficient model organisms offers the opportunity to dissect genetic architectures and identify the molecular mechanisms of causation. Here we present a genetic analysis of loss of sensitivity to gene knockdown via exogenous RNA interference in the germline of a wild isolate of the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans. We find that the loss of RNA interference sensitivity in the wild isolate CB4856 is recessive to the sensitivity of the lab strain N2. A cross of the strains produced F2 with intermediate sensitivities, and the segregation of the trait among F2s strongly deviated from a single locus recessive allele expectation. Linkage analysis in recombinant inbred lines derived from CB4856 and N2 identified a single significant locus on chromosome I that includes the argonaute gene ppw-1. The alleles for ppw-1 were unable to explain the sensitivity of 18 (12.1%) of the recombinant inbred lines. Complementation tests and F2 segregation analysis of these recombinant inbred lines revealed cases of complex epistatic suppression and enhancement of the effects of ppw-1. We conclude that the variation in RNA interference sensitivity between CB4856 and N2 likely involves the nonadditive interactions of eight or more genes in addition to ppw-1.
The Exonuclease Activity of the Yeast Mitochondrial DNA Polymerase γ Suppresses Mitochondrial DNA Deletions Between Short Direct Repeats in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Stumpf Jeffrey D , Copeland William C 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The importance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions in the progeroid phenotype of exonuclease-deficient DNA polymerase γ mice has been intensely debated. We show that disruption of Mip1 exonuclease activity increases mtDNA deletions 160-fold, whereas disease-associated polymerase variants were mostly unaffected, suggesting that exonuclease activity is vital to avoid deletions during mtDNA replication.
Competitive Fitness During Feast and Famine: How SOS DNA Polymerases Influence Physiology and Evolution inEscherichia coli
Authors: Corzett Christopher H , Goodman Myron F , Finkel Steven E 
Published: April 2013

AbstractEscherichia coli DNA polymerases (Pol) II, IV, and V serve dual roles by facilitating efficient translesion DNA synthesis while simultaneously introducing genetic variation that can promote adaptive evolution. Here we show that these alternative polymerases are induced as cells transition from exponential to long-term stationary-phase growth in the absence of induction of the SOS regulon by external agents that damage DNA. By monitoring the relative fitness of isogenic mutant strains expressing only one alternative polymerase over time, spanning hours to weeks, we establish distinct growth phase-dependent hierarchies of polymerase mutant strain competitiveness. Pol II confers a significant physiological advantage by facilitating efficient replication and creating genetic diversity during periods of rapid growth. Pol IV and Pol V make the largest contributions to evolutionary fitness during long-term stationary phase. Consistent with their roles providing both a physiological and an adaptive advantage during stationary phase, the expression patterns of all three SOS polymerases change during the transition from log phase to long-term stationary phase. Compared to the alternative polymerases, Pol III transcription dominates during mid-exponential phase; however, its abundance decreases to &lt;20% during long-term stationary phase. Pol IV transcription dominates as cells transition out of exponential phase into stationary phase and a burst of Pol V transcription is observed as cells transition from death phase to long-term stationary phase. These changes in alternative DNA polymerase transcription occur in the absence of SOS induction by exogenous agents and indicate that cell populations require appropriate expression of all three alternative DNA polymerases during exponential, stationary, and long-term stationary phases to attain optimal fitness and undergo adaptive evolution.
Incidence of Childhood and Adolescent Melanoma in the United States: 1973–2009
Authors: Wong Jeannette R. , Harris Jenine K. , Rodriguez-Galindo Carlos , Johnson Kimberly J. 
Published: April 2013

OBJECTIVE:Childhood and adolescent melanoma is rare but has been increasing. To gain insight into possible reasons underlying this observation, we analyzed trends in melanoma incidence diagnosed between the ages of 0 and 19 years among US whites by gender, stage, age at diagnosis, and primary site. We also investigated incidence trends by UV-B exposure levels.METHODS:By using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program data (1973–2009), we calculated age-adjusted incidence rates (IRs), annual percent changes, and 95% confidence intervals for each category of interest. Incidence trends were also evaluated by using joinpoint and local regression models. SEER registries were categorized with respect to low or high UV-B radiation exposure.RESULTS:From 1973 through 2009, 1230 children of white race were diagnosed with malignant melanoma. Overall, pediatric melanoma increased by an average of 2% per year (95% confidence interval, 1.4%–2.7%). Girls, 15- to 19-year-olds, and individuals with low UV-B exposure had significantly higher IRs than boys, younger children, and those living in SEER registries categorized as high UV-B. Over the study period, boys experienced increased IRs for melanoma on the face and trunk, and females on the lower limbs and hip. The only decreased incidence trend we observed was among 15- to 19-year-olds in the high UV-B exposure group from 1985 through 2009. Local regression curves indicated similar patterns.CONCLUSIONS:These results may help elucidate possible risk factors for adolescent melanoma, but additional individual-level studies will be necessary to determine the reasons for increasing incidence trends.
Cluster (School) RCT of ParentCorps: Impact on Kindergarten Academic Achievement
Authors: Brotman Laurie Miller , Dawson-McClure Spring , Calzada Esther J. , Huang Keng-Yen , Kamboukos Dimitra , Palamar Joseph J. , Petkova Eva 
Published: April 2013

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the impact of an early childhood, family-centered, school-based intervention on children’s kindergarten academic achievement.METHODS:This was a cluster (school) randomized controlled trial with assessments from pre-kindergarten (pre-k) entry through the end of kindergarten. The setting was 10 public elementary schools with 26 pre-k classes in 2 school districts in urban disadvantaged neighborhoods serving a largely black, low-income population. Participants were 1050 black and Latino, low-income children (age 4; 88% of pre-k population) enrolled in 10 schools over 4 years. Universal intervention aimed to promote self-regulation and early learning by strengthening positive behavior support and effective behavior management at home and school, and increasing parent involvement in education. Intervention included after-school group sessions for families of pre-k students (13 2-hour sessions; co-led by pre-k teachers) and professional development for pre-k and kindergarten teachers. The outcome measures were standardized test scores of kindergarten reading, writing, and math achievement by independent evaluators masked to intervention condition (primary outcome); developmental trajectories of teacher-rated academic performance from pre-k through kindergarten (secondary outcome).RESULTS:Relative to children in control schools, children in intervention schools had higher kindergarten achievement test scores (Cohen’s d = 0.18, mean difference = 2.64, SE = 0.90, P = .03) and higher teacher-rated academic performance (Cohen’s d = 0.25, mean difference = 5.65, SE = 2.34, P = .01).CONCLUSIONS:Early childhood population-level intervention that enhances both home and school environments shows promise to advance academic achievement among minority children from disadvantaged, urban neighborhoods.