bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterisation of Heterorhabditis spp. (Nematoda: Heterorhabditidae) from Hungary, Estonia and Denmark
Authors: Griffin Christine T. , Dix Ilona , Joyce Susan A. , Burnell Ann M. , Downes Martin J. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Targeted surveys were conducted for the entomopathogenic nematode
Heterorhabditis in areas of Denmark, Estonia and Hungary. Isolates were
identified by IEF, PCR and cross-fertility tests as belonging to three
distinct taxonomic groups: H. bacteriophora, the north-west European (NWE)
type of H. megidis and the Irish type of Heterorhabditis. The Irish and NWE
types of Heterorhabditis were both present in Denmark (at six and four
sites, respectively), while only the NWE type was recovered in Estonia. H.
bacteriophora was the dominant heterorhabditid identified in Hungary (ten
sites), but the Irish type was also detected at two sites. This is the first
report of the Irish type of Heterorhabditis on continental Europe.
Co-occurrence of two Heterorhabditis types at a single site was noted in
Denmark (Irish and NWE) and in Hungary (Irish and H. bacteriophora).
Heterorhabditis was recovered at 38.5% of sites (n = 26) in Denmark (north
coast of Sjaelland), 27.3% of the coastal sites (n = 22) in Estonia, and
32.6% of sites (n = 46) in Hungary. Isolation et caracterisation d'especes
d'Heterorhabditis (Nematoda: Heterorhabditidae) originaires de Hongrie,
d'Estonie et du Danemark - Des prospections ciblees ont ete effectuees dans
certaines regions du Danemark, d'Estonie et de Hongrie pour rechercher les
nematodes du genre Heterorhabditis. Les souches, identifiees par les
methodes de concentration isoelectrique, de PCR et d'hybridation,
appartiennent aux trois groupes taxinomiques d'Heterorhabditis : H.
bacteriophora, le groupe de l'Europe du nord-ouest (NWE) de H. megidis et le
groupe irlandais d'Heterorhabditis. Le groupe irlandais et le groupe NWE
sont tous les deux presents au Danemark (dans six et quatre sites,
respectivement), mais seul le dernier groupe a ete rencontre en Estonie. H.
bacteriophora, present dans dix sites, est l'espece dominante
d'Heterorhabditis en Hongrie, mais le groupe irlandais a ete egalement
detecte dans deux sites. C'est la premiere fois que le groupe irlandais est
rencontre en Europe continentale. La presence simultanee de deux types
d'Heterorhabditis est signalee au Danemark (groupe irlandais et groupe NWE)
et en Hongrie (groupe irlandais et H. bacteriophora). Des Heterorhabditis
ont ete collectes sur 38.5% des 26 sites du Danemark (cote nord de
Sjaelland), 27.3% des 22 sites du littoral estonien et 32.6% des 46 sites de
Hongrie.
The flow cytometric analysis of telomere length in antigen-specific CD8+ T cells during acute Epstein-Barr virus infection
Authors: Plunkett Fiona J. , Soares Maria Vieira D. , Annels Nicola , Hislop Andrew , Ivory Kamal , Lowdell Mark , Salmon Mike , Rickinson Alan , Akbar Arne N. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAcute infectious mononucleosis (AIM) induced by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is characterized by extensive expansion of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. One potential consequence of this considerable proliferative activity is telomere shortening, which predisposes the EBV-specific cells to replicative senescence. To investigate this, a method was developed that enables the simultaneous identification of EBV specificity of the CD8+ T cells, using major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I/peptide complexes, together with telomere length, which is determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Despite the considerable expansion, CD8+ EBV-specific T cells in patients with AIM maintain their telomere length relative to CD8+ T cells in normal individuals and relative to CD4+ T cells within the patients themselves and this is associated with the induction of the enzyme telomerase. In 4 patients who were studied up to 12 months after resolution of AIM, telomere lengths of EBV-specific CD8+ T cells were unchanged in 3 but shortened in one individual, who was studied only 5 months after initial onset of infection. Substantial telomere shortening in EBV-specific CD8+ T cells was observed in 3 patients who were studied between 15 months and 14 years after recovery from AIM. Thus, although telomerase activation may preserve the replicative potential of EBV-specific cells in AIM and after initial stages of disease resolution, the capacity of these cells to up-regulate this enzyme after restimulation by the persisting virus may dictate the extent of telomere maintenance in the memory CD8+ T-cell pool over time.
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
Authors: Yo Jennifer H. , Fields Neville , Li Wentao , Anderson Alice , Marshall Sarah A. , Kerr Peter G. , Palmer Kirsten R. 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceTransplant recipients experience high rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes; however, contemporary estimates of the association between solid organ transplantation and adverse pregnancy outcomes are lacking.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between solid organ transplantation and adverse pregnancy outcomes and to quantify the incidence of allograft rejection and allograft loss during pregnancy.Data SourcesPubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Scopus databases were searched from January 1, 2000, to June 20, 2024, and reference lists were manually reviewed.Study SelectionCohort and case-control studies that reported at least 1 adverse pregnancy outcome in pregnant women with solid organ transplantation vs without solid organ transplant or studies that reported allograft outcomes in pregnant women with solid organ transplantation were included following independent dual review of abstracts and full-text articles.Data Extraction and SynthesisTwo investigators abstracted data and independently appraised risk of bias using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. A random-effects model was used to calculate overall pooled estimates using the DerSimonian-Laird estimator. Reporting followed the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) reporting guideline.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary pregnancy outcomes were preeclampsia, preterm birth (&amp;lt;37 weeks), and low birth weight (&amp;lt;2500 g). Secondary pregnancy outcomes were live birth rate, gestation, very preterm birth (&amp;lt;32 weeks), very low birth weight (&amp;lt;1500 g), and cesarean delivery. Allograft outcomes were allograft loss and rejection during pregnancy.ResultsData from 22 studies and 93 565 343 pregnancies (4786 pregnancies in solid organ transplant recipients) were included; 14 studies reported adverse pregnancy outcomes, and 13 studies provided data for allograft outcomes. Pregnancies in organ transplant recipients were associated with significantly increased risk of preeclampsia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.83 [95% CI, 3.45-9.87]; I2 = 77.4%), preterm birth (aOR, 6.65 [95% CI, 4.09-12.83]; I2 = 81.8%), and low birth weight (aOR, 6.51 [95% CI, 2.85-14.88]; I2 = 90.6%). The incidence of acute allograft rejection was 2.39% (95% CI, 1.20%-3.96%; I2 = 68.5%), and the incidence of allograft loss during pregnancy was 1.55% (95% CI, 0.05%-4.44%; I2 = 69.2%).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, pregnancies in recipients of a solid organ transplant were associated with a 4 to 6 times increased risk of preeclampsia, preterm birth, and low birth weight during pregnancy. There was a low overall risk of graft rejection or loss during pregnancy.
Intrinsic Bipolar Head‐Direction Cells in the Medial Entorhinal Cortex
Authors: Long Xiaoyang , Wang Xiaoxia , Deng Bin , Shen Rui , Lv Sheng‐Qing , Zhang Sheng‐Jia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHead‐direction (HD) cells are a fundamental component in the hippocampal‐entorhinal circuit for spatial navigation and help maintain an internal sense of direction to anchor the orientation in space. A classical HD cell robustly increases its firing rate when the head is oriented toward a specific direction, with each cell tuned to only one direction. Although unidirectional HD cells are reported broadly across multiple brain regions, computation modelling has predicted the existence of multiple equilibrium states of HD network, which has yet to be proven. In this study, a novel HD variant of bipolar HD cells in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) are identified that exhibit stable double‐peaked directional tuning properties. The bipolar patterns remain stable in the darkness and across environments of distinct geometric shapes. Moreover, bipolar HD cells co‐rotate coherently with unipolar HD cells to anchor the external visual cue. The discovery reveals a new spatial cell type of bipolar HD cells, whose unique activity patterns may comprise a potential building block for a sophisticated local neural circuit configuration for the internal representation of direction. These findings may contribute to the understanding of how the brain processes spatial information by shedding light on the role of bipolar HD cells in this process.
SARS‐CoV‐2 Evolution: Immune Dynamics, Omicron Specificity, and Predictive Modeling in Vaccinated Populations
Authors: Zhang Xiaohan , Li Mansheng , Zhang Nana , Li Yunhui , Teng Fei , Li Yongzhe , Zhang Xiaomei , Xu Xingming , Li Haolong , Zhu Yunping , Wang Yumin , Jia Yan , Qin Chengfeng , Wang Bingwei , Guo Shubin , Wang Yajie , Yu Xiaobo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHost immunity is central to the virus's spread dynamics, which is significantly influenced by vaccination and prior infection experiences. In this work, we analyzed the co‐evolution of SARS‐CoV‐2 mutation, angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor binding, and neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses across various variants in 822 human and mice vaccinated with different non‐Omicron and Omicron vaccines is analyzed. The link between vaccine efficacy and vaccine type, dosing, and post‐vaccination duration is revealed. The classification of immune protection against non‐Omicron and Omicron variants is co‐evolved with genetic mutations and vaccination. Additionally, a model, the Prevalence Score (P‐Score) is introduced, which surpasses previous algorithm‐based models in predicting the potential prevalence of new variants in vaccinated populations. The hybrid vaccination combining the wild‐type (WT) inactivated vaccine with the Omicron BA.4/5 mRNA vaccine may provide broad protection against both non‐Omicron variants and Omicron variants, albeit with EG.5.1 still posing a risk. In conclusion, these findings enhance understanding of population immunity variations and provide valuable insights for future vaccine development and public health strategies.
Anisotropic Spin Fluctuations Induced by Spin‐Orbit Coupling in a Misfit Layer Compound (LaSe)1.14(NbSe2)
Authors: Shan Min , Li Shunjiao , Yang Ye , Zhao Dan , Li Jian , Nie Linpeng , Wu Zhimian , Zhou Yanbing , Zheng Lixuan , Kang Baolei , Wu Tao , Chen Xianhui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSpin‐orbit coupling (SOC) has significant effects on the superconductivity and magnetism of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) at the 2D limit. Although 2D TMD samples possess many exotic properties different from those of bulk samples, experimental characterization in this field is still limited, especially for magnetism. Recent studies have revealed that bulk misfit layer compounds (MLCs) with (LaSe)1.14(NbSe2)n = 1,2 exhibit an Ising superconductivity similar to that of heavily electron‐doped NbSe2 monolayers. This offers an opportunity to study the effect of SOC on the magnetism of 2D TMDs. Here, the possible SOC effect in (LaSe)1.14(NbSe2) is investigated by measuring nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrical transport. It is found that the LaSe layer not only functions as a charge reservoir for transferring electrons into the NbSe2 layer but also remarkably influences the local electronic environment around the 93Nb nuclei. More importantly, the significant SOC induces both a weak antilocalization (WAL) effect and anisotropic spin fluctuations in noncentrosymmetric NbSe2 layers. The present work contributes to a deep understanding of the role of the SOC effect in 2D TMDs and supports MCLs as an intriguing platform for exploring exotic physical properties within the 2D limit.
Unveiling Intercalation Chemistry via Interference‐Free Characterization Toward Advanced Aqueous Zinc/Vanadium Pentoxide Batteries
Authors: Li Xianjin , Xu Yue , Chen Xiaoqin , Yang Xiaofei , Zhang Guohui , Li Xianfeng , Fu Qiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAqueous Zn/V2O5 batteries are featured for high safety, low cost, and environmental compatibility. However, complex electrode components in real batteries impede the fundamental understanding of phase transition processes and intercalation chemistry. Here, model batteries based on V2O5 film electrodes which show similar electrochemical behaviors as the real ones are built. Advanced surface science characterizations of the film electrodes allow to identify intercalation trajectories of Zn2+, H2O, and H+ during V2O5 phase transition processes. Protons serve as the vanguard of intercalated species, facilitating the subsequent intercalation of Zn2+ and H2O. The increase of capacity in the activation process is mainly due to the transition from V2O5 to more active V2O5·nH2O structure caused by the partial irreversible deintercalation of H2O rather than the increase of active sites induced by the grain refinement of electrode materials. Eventually, accumulation of Zn species within the oxide electrode results in the formation of inactive (Zn3(OH)2V2O7·2H2O) structure. The established intercalation chemistry helps to design high‐performance electrode materials.
From Static to Dynamic Structures: Improving Binding Affinity Prediction with Graph‐Based Deep Learning
Authors: Min Yaosen , Wei Ye , Wang Peizhuo , Wang Xiaoting , Li Han , Wu Nian , Bauer Stefan , Zheng Shuxin , Shi Yu , Wang Yingheng , Wu Ji , Zhao Dan , Zeng Jianyang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAccurate prediction of protein‐ligand binding affinities is an essential challenge in structure‐based drug design. Despite recent advances in data‐driven methods for affinity prediction, their accuracy is still limited, partially because they only take advantage of static crystal structures while the actual binding affinities are generally determined by the thermodynamic ensembles between proteins and ligands. One effective way to approximate such a thermodynamic ensemble is to use molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Here, an MD dataset containing 3,218 different protein‐ligand complexes is curated, and Dynaformer, a graph‐based deep learning model is further developed to predict the binding affinities by learning the geometric characteristics of the protein‐ligand interactions from the MD trajectories. In silico experiments demonstrated that the model exhibits state‐of‐the‐art scoring and ranking power on the CASF‐2016 benchmark dataset, outperforming the methods hitherto reported. Moreover, in a virtual screening on heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) using Dynaformer, 20 candidates are identified and their binding affinities are further experimentally validated. Dynaformer displayed promising results in virtual drug screening, revealing 12 hit compounds (two are in the submicromolar range), including several novel scaffolds. Overall, these results demonstrated that the approach offer a promising avenue for accelerating the early drug discovery process.
A Polymeric Two‐in‐One Electron Transport Layer and Transparent Electrode for Efficient Indoor All‐Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Tiefeng , Beket Gulzada , Li Qifan , Zhang Qilun , Jeong Sang Young , Yang Chi‐Yuan , Huang Jun‐Da , Li Yuxuan , Stoeckel Marc‐Antoine , Xiong Miao , van der Pol Tom P. A. , Bergqvist Jonas , Woo Han Young , Gao Feng , Fahlman Mats , Österberg Thomas , Fabiano Simone 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTransparent electrodes (TEs) are vital in optoelectronic devices, enabling the interaction of light and charges. While indium tin oxide (ITO) has traditionally served as a benchmark TE, its high cost prompts the exploration of alternatives to optimize electrode characteristics and improve device efficiencies. Conducting polymers, which combine polymer advantages with metal‐like conductivity, emerge as a promising solution for TEs. This work introduces a two‐in‐one electron transport layer (ETL) and TE based on films of polyethylenimine ethoxylated (PEIE)‐modified poly(benzodifurandione) (PBFDO). These PEIE‐modified PBFDO layers exhibit a unique combination of properties, including low sheet resistance (130 Ω sq−1), low work function (4.2 eV), and high optical transparency (>85% in the UV–vis‐NIR range). In contrast to commonly used poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), the doping level of PBFDO remains unaffected by the PEIE treatment, as verified through UV–vis‐NIR absorption and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. When employed as a two‐in‐one ETL/TE in organic solar cells, the PEIE‐modified PBFDO electrode exhibits performance comparable to conventional ITO electrodes. Moreover, this work demonstrates all‐organic solar cells with record‐high power conversion efficiencies of >15.1% under indoor lighting conditions. These findings hold promise for the development of fully printed, all‐organic optoelectronic devices.
Breathable, Adhesive, and Biomimetic Skin‐Like Super Tattoo
Authors: Li Chuqi , Tan Zhiyuan , Shi Xiaohu , Song Dekui , Zhao Yan , Zhang Yan , Zhao Zihan , Zhang Weifeng , Qi Jiongyang , Wang Yifang , Wang Xin , Tan Zhenquan , Liu Nan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractElectronic tattoo, capable of imperceivably acquiring bio‐electrical signals from the body, is broadly applied in healthcare and human‐machine interface. Tattoo substrate, the foundation of electronic tattoo, is expected to be mechanically mimetic to skin, adhesive, and breathable, and yet remains highly challenging to achieve. Herein, the study mimics human skin and design a breathable, adhesive, and mechanically skin‐like super tattoo substrate based on an ultra‐thin film (≈2 µm). Similar to skin, super tattoo demonstrates strain‐adaptive stiffening properties with high tear energy (5.4 kJ·m−2) and toughness (1.3 MJ·m−3). Superior to skin, it exhibits high adhesion, ionic conductivity, and permeability. A variety of conductive electrodes can be processed on it, showing the universality toward an ideal platform for electronic tattoo with stable and low contact impedance. Super tattoo‐based electrodes can imperceivably and accurately monitor weak electromyography (EMG) of swallowing on the junction, providing effective guidance for rehabilitation training of dysphagia.
Incident Angle Sensing and Adaptive Control of Scattering by Intelligent Metasurface
Authors: Liu Yong Han , Li Xu Hang , Zhang Ze Tong , Qi Kai Nan , Lu Lan , Wang Shi Yu , Li Yun Bo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe passive sensing and active control of electromagnetic (EM) waves have always been attractive in electronic and information areas, especially during the intelligent era. Here a new method is presented to achieve the angle sensing of incident wave and adaptive control of backward scattering using the intelligent metasurface. The proposed unit cells have the ability to dynamically manipulate the receiving and reflection of the EM energy respectively. The angle sensing of incident waves can be actualized using the method of compressive sensing based on multiple receiving patterns, which are generated by randomly switching the receiving and reflection states of the unit cells. Afterward, the customized performances of backward scattering waves according to the cognitive incident angle can be realized by controlling the programmable reflective phases of unit cells correspondingly. One prototype composed of the metasurface and the module for sensing and adaptive feedback control is fabricated. The whole intelligent metasurface with customizing the function of retro‐reflection or low scattering is measured without human intervention and the good results acquired can verify the validity of the proposed concept and design.
Tailoring the interfacial microenvironment by electrolyte engineering boosts bicarbonate electrolysis
Authors: Lin Jiahui , Sheng Xuedi , Ge Wangxin , Dong Lei , Zhang Wenfei , Yang Xiaoling , Shen Jianhua , Jiang Hongliang , Li Chunzhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBicarbonate electrolysis, as a carbon utilization technology with high efficiency and potential for industrial applications, provides a promising pathway for CO2 emission reduction. However, how to inhibit serious hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and increase the relatively low CO2 concentration at the electrode‐electrolyte interfacial is challenging. Here, we introduce three typical aminopolycarboxylic acids (APCAs) with different amounts of carboxylic acid roots into 3 M KHCO3 to enhance the Faradaic efficiency of CO (FECO) from 51.2% to 68.0% at 100 mA cm−2. Spectroscopic characterization confirms that the role of APCAs in confining the activity of water dissociation and improving the availability of CO2. The strategy adopted in this work that introducing APCAs into the electrolyte to balance the content of CO2 and H2O for improving the electrocatalytic performance, can serve as a reference for other electrocatalytic systems.
Posttraumatic stress disorder increases thrombosis risk: Evidence from a biobank data set
Authors: Chong Lau Hui , Sinnott Sinead M. , Abohashem Shady , Civieri Giovanni , Aldosoky Wesam , Karam Krystel , Khalil Maria , Qamar Iqra , Rosovsky Rachel P. , Osborne Michael T. , Tawakol Ahmed , Seligowski Antonia V. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDepression and anxiety are linked to deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and posttraumatic disorder (PTSD) increases risk of venous thromboembolism in women. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unknown. We hypothesized that PTSD would associate with increased DVT risk, that neuroimmune mechanisms would mediate the PTSD‐DVT link, and that these associations would be stronger in women. This cohort study included N = 106 427 participants from a large biobank. PTSD and DVT were defined using ICD‐10 codes. A subset (N = 1520) underwent imaging, from which we assessed stress‐associated neural activity (SNA). High‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) levels and heart rate variability (HRV) were used as indicators of systemic inflammation and autonomic activity, respectively. Linear, logistic, and Cox regressions and mediation analyses were used to test our hypotheses. Of 106 427 participants, 4192 (3.9%) developed DVT. PTSD associated with increased DVT risk (HR [95% CI]: 1.66 [1.34, 2.07], p < .001), and this finding remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, and traditional DVT risk factors. When analyzed separately by sex, PTSD was significantly associated with DVT risk in women but not men. Further, heightened SNA and lower HRV mediated the effect of PTSD on DVT risk. Results suggest that individuals with PTSD are at increased risk for DVT, and that risk is higher in women. This relationship was partially driven by alterations in stress‐associated neural activity and autonomic function, suggesting potential targets for preventive therapies. Future studies are needed to investigate whether intervening on PTSD‐DVT mechanisms has downstream beneficial effects on DVT, especially among women.