bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SCIENCE AND RELIGION IN LATIN AMERICA: DEVELOPMENTS AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Silva Ignacio 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe state of the debate surrounding issues on science and religion in Latin America is mostly unknown, both to regional and extra‐regional scholars. This article presents and reviews in some detail the developments since 2000, when the first symposium on science and religion was held in Mexico, up to the present. I briefly introduce some features of Latin American academia and higher education institutions, as well as some trends in the public reception of these debates and atheist engagement with it in Mexico and Argentina. The primary conclusion of this article is that, even though the discussion is new to Latin American academic circles, it is gaining traction and will certainly grow in the coming years.
THE “RELATION” BETWEEN SCIENCE AND RELIGION IN THE PLURALISTIC LANDSCAPE OF TODAY'S WORLD
Authors: Bagir Zainal Abidin 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe attempt to expand the discourse of science and religion by considering the pluralistic landscape of today's world requires not only adding new voices from more religious traditions but a rethinking of the basic categories of the discourse, that is, “science,” “religion,” and the notion that the main issue to be investigated is the relationship between the two. Making use of historical studies of science and religion discourse and a case study from Indonesia, this article suggests a rethinking of the categories, including giving more attention to indigenous religions.
THE CRAZINESS FOR EXTRA‐SENSORY PERCEPTION: QIGONG FEVER AND THE SCIENCE–PSEUDOSCIENCE DEBATE IN CHINA
Authors: Li Jianhui , Fu Zheng 
Published: May 2015

AbstractFrom 1979 to 1999, a heated dispute over the science or pseudoscience of extraordinary power or extrasensory perception (ESP) took place in China. During these two decades, many so‐called “grandmasters” of ESP and Qigong emerged, and millions of people across the country studied with them; this was known as “Qigong Fever” or “ESP Fever.” The supporters of ESP argued that ESP existed, people could cultivate ESP through specific Qigong training, and ESP was a science; whereas the opponents of ESP denied all of these. Both sides of the dispute had many supporters. With the onset of Qigong Fever in China, some Qigong and ESP masters developed their Qigong organizations into Chinese‐style religions. Qigong Fever ended when the religions were banned by the Chinese government. The rise of Qigong Fever demonstrated that basic questions about the boundaries between science and pseudoscience were not easy to answer. Different theoretical and practical consequences resulted from different answers to these questions.
LEVELS OF ANALYSIS IN PHILOSOPHY, RELIGION, AND SCIENCE
Authors: Bylica Piotr 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis article introduces a model of levels of analysis applied to statements found in philosophical, scientific, and religious discourses in order to facilitate a more accurate description of the relation between science and religion. The empirical levels prove to be the most crucial for the relation between science and religion, because they include statements that are important parts of both scientific and religious discourse, whereas statements from metaphysical levels are only important in terms of religion (and philosophy) and are neutral in relation to particular scientific theories. In particular, the rejection of certain ontological assumptions behind special divine action logically entails the rejection of the literal meaning of empirical statements describing special open expression of supernatural factors in nature. Such a rejection also entails an essential revision of many religious systems of beliefs, including traditional Christian theism.
FROM AUTHORITY TO AUTHENTICITY: IRAS ANDZYGONIN NEW CONTEXTS
Authors: Drees Willem B. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn the 60 years since IRAS was founded, and the 50 years sinceZygon: Journal of Religion and Sciencestarted, science has developed enormously. More important, though less obvious, the character of religion has changed, at least in Western countries. Church membership has gone down considerably. This is not due to arguments, for example, about science and atheism, but reflects a change in sources of authority. Rather than the traditional and communal authority, an individualism that emphasizes “authenticity” characterizes religion and spirituality in our time. Less extensive but similar is the loss of authority with respect to science. As a consequence, “religion and science” might seek to provide attractive constructive proposals for visions that integrate an ethos and a worldview. IRAS might contribute by providing a platform for information and the exchange of proposals for a particular audience, whileZygonserves a global and diverse audience with well‐researched articles.
Quantifying the utility of taking pills for preventing adverse health outcomes: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Hutchins Robert , Pignone Michael P , Sheridan Stacey L , Viera Anthony J 
Published: May 2015

ObjectivesThe utility value attributed to taking pills for prevention can have a major effect on the cost-effectiveness of interventions, but few published studies have systematically quantified this value. We sought to quantify the utility value of taking pills used for prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD).DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingCentral North Carolina.Participants708 healthcare employees aged 18 years and older.Primary and secondary outcomesUtility values for taking 1 pill/day, assessed using time trade-off, modified standard gamble and willingness-to-pay methods.ResultsMean age of respondents was 43 years (19–74). The majority of the respondents were female (83%) and Caucasian (80%). Most (80%) took at least 2 pills/day. Mean utility values for taking 1 pill/day using the time trade-off method were: 0.9972 (95% CI 0.9962 to 0.9980). Values derived from the standard gamble and willingness-to-pay methods were 0.9967 (0.9954 to 0.9979) and 0.9989 (95% CI 0.9986 to 0.9991), respectively. Utility values varied little across characteristics such as age, sex, race, education level or number of pills taken per day.ConclusionsThe utility value of taking pills daily in order to prevent an adverse CVD health outcome is approximately 0.997.
The Celiac Disease and Diabetes-Dietary Intervention and Evaluation Trial (CD-DIET) protocol: a randomised controlled study to evaluate treatment of asymptomatic coeliac disease in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Mahmud Farid H , De Melo Emilia N , Noordin Karima , Assor Esther , Sahota Kamaljeet , Davies-Shaw Jolie , Cutz Ernest , Somers Gino , Lawson Margaret , Mack David R , Gallego Patricia , McDonald Charlotte , Beaton Melanie D , Bax Kevin , Saibil Fred , Gilbert Jeremy , Kirsch Susan , Perkins Bruce A , Cino Maria , Szentgyorgyi Eva , Koltin Dror , Parikh Amish , Mukerji Geetha , Advani Andrew , Lou Olivia , Marcon Margaret A 
Published: May 2015

IntroductionCoeliac disease (CD) is an autoimmune condition characterised by gluten-induced intestinal inflammation, and observed at a 5–10 fold greater prevalence in type 1 diabetes. While universal screening for CD in patients with diabetes is frequently advocated, objective data is limited as to benefits on diabetes control, bone health or quality of life related to the adoption of a gluten-free diet (GFD) in the large proportion of patients with diabetes with asymptomatic CD. TheCeliac Disease andDiabetes-DietaryIntervention andEvaluationTrial (CD-DIET) study is a multicenter, randomised controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a GFD in patients with type 1 diabetes with asymptomatic CD.Methods and analysisChildren and adults (8–45 years) with type 1 diabetes will be screened for asymptomatic CD. Eligible patients with biopsy-proven CD will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to treatment with a GFD for 1 year, or continue with a gluten-containing diet. The primary outcome will evaluate the impact of the GFD on change in glycated haemoglobin. Secondary outcomes will evaluate changes in bone mineral density, blood glucose variability and health-related quality of life between GFD-treated and the regular diet group over a 1-year period. The study was initiated in 2012 and has subsequently expanded to multiple paediatric and adult centres in Ontario, Canada.Ethics and disseminationThe findings from this study will provide high-quality evidence as to the impact of GFD treatment on glycaemic control and complications in asymptomatic children and adults with CD and type 1 diabetes.Trial registration numberNCT01566110.
Raamses, Pithom, and the Exodus: A Critical Evaluation of Ex 1:11
Authors: Schipper Bernd Ulrich 
Published: May 2015

Up to the present, the brief notice on the storage cities of “Pithom” and “Raamses” and the forced labour of the Israelites in Ex 1:11 has been taken as the historical nucleus of a possible exodus scenario under Ramessesii.This article presents a critical evaluation of the classical theory, taking into account recent insights in Archaeology, Egyptology, and Philology. Since a number of arguments call the classical theory into question, a historical background of Ex 1:11 in the late 7th centurybcebecomes more likely, when Judahites had to perform forced labour for the Egyptian hegemon in the Southern Levant.
Besedotvorna produktivnost posnemovalnih medmetov za zvoke naprav v slovenščini
Authors: Stramljič Breznik Irena 
Published: May 2015

Word-formational productivity of onomatopoeic interjections imitating machine sounds in SloveneThe article presents partial results of a wider study about the lexical potential of interjections in Slovene from the functional and lexicographical perspectives. The study focuses on interjections imitating machine sounds which are presented as entries from a to ž in the Slovenian Ortography (2001).On the basis of examples found, interjections were classified into more homogenous groups according to the type of machine. Each category was further analyzed by using corpus analysis, which was carried out on the trial version of the billion-word corpus of the Slovene language called Gigafida. The analysis focused on the existence of words created from interjections whose base comes from one of the subcategories of onomatopoeic interjections presented here.The results of the analysis have confirmed that this type of interjections and words formed from them are relatively frequent in expressive discourse. The most prominent are the interjections typically used for imitating the sound of musical instruments and their parts (brenk), tools (švrk, škrt), weapons (pok, švist) and transportation devices (puh).The results also showed that the interjections which are the base for forming verbs give rise to more extensive word families. Verbs formed from interjections can also form complex words of a higher order according to established word-formational patterns. Produktywność słowotwórcza słoweńskich wtrąceń onomatopeicznych naśladujących dźwięki maszynNiniejszy artykuł jest częścią większego projektu, badającego potencjał leksykalny wtrąceń w języku słoweńskim z perspektywy funkcjonalnej oraz leksykograficznej – w pracy przedstawione zostaną jedynie wyniki badań nad tymi wtrąceniami, które naśladują dźwięki maszyn.Materiał do badania, tj. konkretne wtrącenia, został zaczerpnięty ze słownika ortografii słoweńskiej (Slovenski pravopis, 2001). Znalezione przykłady zostały następnie pogrupowane w zależności od typu maszyn, których dźwięki naśladują. Kolejny etap to pogłębiona analiza każdej grupy za pomocą testowej wersji korpusu języka słoweńskiego Gigafida (korpus ten zawiera około miliarda słów). Analiza ta miała na celu zbadanie, czy istnieją słowa utworzone na bazie wtrąceń należących do jednej z omawianych tutaj grup.Badanie wykazało, iż tego typu wtrącenia oraz słowa od nich utworzone stosunkowo często występują w dyskursie o charakterze ekspresywnym. Ze wszystkich wtrąceń najczęściej występowały te, które naśladują dźwięk instrumentów muzycznych lub ich części (brenk), narzędzi (švrk, škrt), broni (pok, švist) oraz środków transportu (puh).Co więcej, wtrącenia, od których tworzone są czasowniki, dają początek bardziej rozbudowanym rodzinom wyrazowym. Takie czasowniki mogą również wchodzić w skład bardziej złożonych słów, tworzonych za pomocą typowych dla języka słoweńskiego mechanizmów słowotwórczych.
Неологизми със суфикс ‑[а]джиj(а) в бъл- гарския език
Authors: Георгиева [Georgieva] Цветелина [TSvetelina] 
Published: May 2015

Neologisms with suffix -[а]джий(а) in BulgarianThe article examines the Bulgarian neologisms with suffix -[а]джий(а) in the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. The study is carried out on a material from two Bulgarian dictionaries of neologisms. The trend to nationalization is one of the leading trends in Bulgarian. Neologizmy z przyrostkiem -[а]джий(а) w języku bułgarskimAutorka bada bułgarskie neologizmy utworzone za pomocą przyrostka -[а]джий(а) pod koniec XX oraz na początku XXI wieku. Podstawę studium stanowi materiał z dwóch słowników neologizmów w języku bułgarskim. Tendencja do nacjonalizacji jest jedną z naczelnych tendencji w języku bułgarskim.
Semantic packaging in verb-based compounds in English and Bulgarian
Authors: Bagasheva Alexandra , Stamenov Christo , Kolarova Maria 
Published: May 2015

Semantic packaging in verb­ based compounds in English and BulgarianThe article contrasts the word­ formation types of (para)synthetic compound nouns and compound verbs in two genetically distantly related but typologically distinct languages Bulgarian and English. While the nature of synthetic compound nouns in both languages is comparable, compound verbs show greater contrasts in terms of types, restrictions and preferences for intra­ compound relations and semantic diversity. An explanation is sought in terms of the influence of word­ relevant syntactic properties on word­ formation phenomena in the two languages. An additional powerful factor is the ubiquity of conversion or syntactic promiscuity in English. A hypothesis is formulated that in Bulgarian the iconicity of word­ formation processes and products associated with the biuniqueness of the sign as understood by Natural Morphology accounts for restrictions on the absolute reign of word­ formation paradigms in Bulgarian, where the distinction between inflectional morphology and word­ formation is more sharply delineated. The typological character of the two languages is ultimately taken into account as a factor which determines the preferences for compounds in English and the prevalence of affixal derivation in Bulgarian. Kompresja semantyczna w złożeniach czasownikowych w językach bułgarskim i angielskimAutorzy artykułu dokonali porównania mechanizmów słowotwórczych wykorzystywanych przy derywacji (para)syntetycznych złożeń rzeczownikowych oraz czasownikowych w językach bułgarskim i angielskim. Badane języki wykazują dalekie pokrewieństwo genetyczne, lecz z typologicznego punktu widzenia są one od siebie różne. W odróżnieniu od mechanizmów tworzenia syntetycznych złożeń rzeczownikowych, które w obu językach są podobne, złożenia czasownikowe różnią się, jeżeli chodzi o ich typy, ograniczenia użycia oraz preferencje odnośnie relacji zawartych w określonych złożeniach, jak również różnorodność semantyczną. Omawiane zjawiska są prawdopodobnie warunkowane tym, jak cechy składniowe danego języka wpływają na jego mechanizmy słowotwórcze. Kolejnym istotnym czynnikiem, kształtującym naturę tych mechanizmów w języku angielskim, jest konwersja semantyczna. W języku bułgarskim podział na morfemy słowotwórcze i fleksyjne jest dużo bardziej wyrazisty niż w języku angielskim. Autorzy stawiają hipotezę, że przyczyny tego zjawiska należy upatrywać w dwóch czynnikach: ikoniczności bułgarskich procesów słowotwórczych oraz bijekcji znaku (w rozumieniu morfologii naturalnej). W ostatecznym rozrachunku wydaje się, że to cechy typologiczne wpływają na to, że język angielski wykazuje wyraźną skłonność do tworzenia złożeń wyrazowych, zaś w języku bułgarskim dominuje zjawisko afiksacji derywacyjnej.
Zinc Bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)amide] as an Efficient Lewis Acid/Brønsted Base Cooperative Catalyst for the Direct Alkynylation of Nitrones
Authors: Saito Yuki , Yamashita Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Shū 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Zinc bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)amide] (Zn(HMDS)2) was found to be an efficient Lewis acid/Brønsted base cooperative catalyst for the direct alkynylation of nitrones. The activity of Zn(HMDS)2 was shown to be higher than that of other Zn species such as Zn(OTf)2-iPr2NEt and ZnEt2.
Is Wettability Alteration the Main Cause for Enhanced Recovery in Low-Salinity Waterflooding?
Authors: Kafili Kasmaei A.. , Rao D.N.. N. 
Published: May 2015

Summary
Low-salinity waterflooding is gaining some attention in the recent literature as a means of improving oil recoveries. However, a clear understanding of the key mechanism(s) of low-salinity waterflooding does not seem to have emerged, although wettability alteration is repeatedly cited as the cause for the observed effects, though without much experimental evidence. Moreover, much of the reported low-salinity work appears to be related to sandstone reservoirs (Morrow and Buckley 2011).
In this study, we have attempted to investigate the role wettability alteration plays in low-salinity waterflooding by conducting dual-drop/dual-crystal contact-angle measurements to characterize wettability changes and coreflood experiments for oil recovery and oil/water relative permeability measurements by use of a dolomite-reservoir-rock/fluids system. Additional experiments have been conducted to examine the roles of brine chemistry and the temperature in altering wettability in low-salinity waterfloods.
The contact-angle results clearly indicate the wettability alteration from an oil-wet state (with a water-advancing contact angle of 158°) to an intermediate state (with an advancing contact angle of 113°) caused by diluting the reservoir brine to 1/50 of its original strength. A similar result was obtained when the sulfate concentration in the reservoir brine was doubled and when the temperature was increased to 250°F from the reservoir temperature of 80°F. These wettability alterations as measured by contact angles were confirmed by secondary-oil-recovery-mode coreflood experiments that yielded significantly higher recoveries (from approximately 46 to approximately 76%) because of low-salinity flooding, alteration of brine composition, and temperature.
This experimental study confirms the major influence of wettability in low-salinity waterflooding of a dolomite reservoir.
Low-Temperature Air/Solvent Injection for Heavy-Oil Recovery in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs
Authors: Mayorquin Jose , Babadagli Tayfun 
Published: May 2015

Summary
Limited studies on oil recovery from naturally fractured reservoirs using low-temperature air injection show that the process is strongly dependent on oxygen (O2)-diffusion coefficient and matrix permeability, both of which are typically low. A new approach (i.e., the addition of hydrocarbon solvent gases into air) is expected to improve the diffusivity of the gas mixture and to accelerate the oxidation. To study this new idea, called low temperature air/solvent injection, laboratory tests were performed by soaking heavy-oil-saturated cores in air/solvent filled reactors to determine the critical parameters on recovery. Laboratory tests were complemented by conducting experiments using air at different O2 concentrations: zero (i.e., nitrogen), 21.0 mol% (air), and 37.3 mol% (O2-enriched air). For safety reasons, it is imperative that enough time be given for air diffusion before the injected air breaks through a highly permeable fracture network. This implies that the huff ‘n’ puff type of injection is a plausible option as opposed to the continuous injection of air. A high recovery factor was obtained by soaking a single matrix in an air/solvent chamber at static conditions rather than with air only. The period of pressure stabilization was faster for the air/solvent mixture than in 100% solvent. The asphaltene content was lower in the air/solvent case than in the 100%-air injection case. Instead of pure-hydrocarbon solvent, injection of an air/solvent mixture yields a better recovery with less asphaltene. This is expected to reduce the cost of the process compared with pure-solvent injection. At low temperatures (75C), O2 consumption in the matrix oil was low, while at high temperatures, the O2 was partially (150C) or totally (200C in the presence of propane) diffused and consumed in the matrix.
Some Approach to Upper Layer Cooling Process with Spray Stream Generated by Water Nozzle Using Computer Simulation Method
Authors: Gałaj Jerzy , Żurawski Łukasz 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Computer model of upper layer cooling applying spray streams generated by water nozzle was presented in the paper. Assumptions, mathematical model and input data were given. Simulation process for assumed fire scenario and different droplet diameters was described. Results of the simulation and their analysis were presented. General conclusions and final remarks were included at the end of this work.
The Dependence of Selected Technical and Combustion Characteristics of Fire on Moisture Levels in Alternative Fuels
Authors: Kulich Martin 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The subject of this paper is to analyse the influence of moisture on selected technical and combustion characteristics of alternative fuels. The analyses are conducted on the basis of analyses of samples of alternative fuels simulating states of the fuel in expected operating conditions, focusing on the identification of potential operational risks. The final part consists of a set of recommended measures to ensure the operational safety of the practical use of alternative fuels based on the results of the analysis.