bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aktivierung molekularer Schalter mit sichtbarem Licht
Authors: Bléger David , Hecht Stefan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractGrundlegende Eigenschaften molekularer Systeme durch Bestrahlung mit Licht zu beeinflussen, verspricht vielfältige Möglichkeiten im Bereich der Material‐ und Biowissenschaften. Das Fundament solcher Systeme bilden Moleküle, gemeinhin als Photoschalter bezeichnet, die reversibel zwischen zwei Zuständen photoisomerisieren. Eine erhebliche Einschränkung bei der Entwicklung funktionaler photodynamischer Systeme ist die meist notwendige Verwendung von UV‐Licht zum Schalten in zumindest eine Richtung, was jedoch oft mit schädlichen Nebeneffekten und einer geringen Eindringtiefe in den meisten Medien verbunden ist. Dieser Kurzaufsatz soll einen Überblick über die verschiedenen konzeptionellen Strategien geben, die eine Isomerisierung im sichtbaren und nahen Infrarotbereich des optischen Spektrums ermöglichen. Solche mit sichtbarem Licht steuerbaren molekularen Schalter tragen erheblich zur Erweiterung der Anwendungsbereiche photoschaltbarer Systeme in zukünftigen Technologien bei.
Polyamide4‐block‐poly(vinyl acetate) via a polyamide4 azo macromolecular initiator: Thermal and mechanical behavior, biodegradation, and morphology
Authors: Kawasaki Norioki , Yamano Naoko , Nakayama Atsuyoshi 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTA series of polyamide4‐block‐poly(vinyl acetate)s were synthesized by the radical polymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc) using an azo macromolecular initiator composed of polyamide4 (PA4). The block copolymers were investigated by examining their molecular weight, structure, thermal and mechanical properties, biodegradation, and the morphology of the film surface. The compositions and molecular weights (Mw) ranging from 46,800 to 163,700 g mol−1 of the block copolymers varied linearly with increasing molar ratio of VAc to azo‐PA4. The block copolymers have high melting points of 248.2–262.5°C owing to PA4 blocks and heats of fusion, which were linearly dependent on the PA4 content. The mechanical properties of the block copolymers were monotonically dependent on the composition, i.e., increasing the PA4 content increased the tensile strength, whereas increasing the poly(vinyl acetate) content increased the elongation at break. The morphology of the block copolymers suggested the appearance of microphase separation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42466.
Study on the preparation of hyperbranched polyethylene fibers and hyperbranched polyethylene composite fibers via electrospinning
Authors: Zhao Yulai , Wang Li , Yu Haojie , Li Chao , Jing Guanghui , Tong Rongbai , Chen Yongsheng 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTThis contribution mainly studied the preparation of hyperbranched polyethylene (HBPE) fibers and HBPE/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite fibers via electrospinning for the first time. Firstly, the effects of solvents, solution concentration, voltage, and rotating speed of collector on the morphology of HBPE fibers were studied. Among the factors, solvent type, concentration, and voltage showed notable influence on the morphology of HBPE fibers. HBPE has an excellent dispersion effect on CNT in organic solvents. Through ultrasonic dispersion, the HBPE solutions with dispersed MWCNT were obtained. Then HBPE/MWCNT composite fibers were obtained with different contents of MWCNT via electrospinning. The effects of voltage and working distance on the morphology of HBPE/MWCNT composite fibers were investigated. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42517.
Atom‐Economic Synthesis of Fully Substituted 2‐Aminopyrroles via Gold‐Catalyzed Formal [3+2] Cycloaddition between Ynamides and Isoxazoles
Authors: Xiao Xin‐Yu , Zhou Ai‐Hua , Shu Chao , Pan Fei , Li Ting , Ye Long‐Wu 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA concise and flexible synthesis of fully substituted 2‐aminopyrroles via gold‐catalyzed formal [3+2] cycloaddition between ynamides and isoxazoles has been developed. Under mild reaction conditions, various 2‐aminopyrrole derivatives were obtained in good to excellent yields, thus providing an efficient and atom‐economic way for the construction of fully substituted 2‐aminopyrroles.
A 2D software system for expedite analysis of CFD problems in complex geometries
Authors: Lopes A. M. G. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTEasyCFD_G, a 2D software tool for fluid dynamics and heat transfer applications, is presented. The underlying physical and numerical principles are described, including mesh generation. The software is based on quadrilateral structured and unstructured meshes, rendering it with great versatility in geometrical terms. Amenable problems include multi‐domain simulations with fluid and solid regions, thermal effects and mixing of different fluids, in stationary or turbulent regime. For illustration, a few example problems are presented, covering different physical situations, including comparison with benchmark data. Due to its versatility, fast learning curve and easy and intuitive utilization, this software tool represents a great value for educational purposes. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput. Appl. Eng. Educ. 24:27–38, 2016; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21668
A hormonal approach to anti‐social behaviour
Authors: Loomans Max M. , Tulen Joke H. M. , de Rijke Yolanda B. , van Marle Hjalmar J. C. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundAltered levels of cortisol and testosterone have previously been associated with anti‐social personality disorder (ASPD) and psychopathy, but there is some conflicting evidence as to how characteristic these findings are.AimTo test the hypothesis that diurnal fluctuations in cortisol and/or testosterone will differentiate ASPD and psychopathy among male forensic psychiatric inpatients and distinguish both groups from healthy men not in treatment.MethodsOne hundred and sixty‐six men participated: 81 patients with ASPD, 42 of whom had a Psychopathy Checklist‐Revised (PCL‐R) score of 26 or more and 39 with a score of 25 or less, 51 forensic hospital employees and 34 general population men. None in the latter two groups had abnormal personality traits. For each person, diurnal cortisol and testosterone saliva samples were collected.ResultsBoth patient groups and the forensic hospital employees showed significantly higher diurnal testosterone levels than the general population, community‐based men. The community men showed significantly lower values in their diurnal cortisol variation than the ASPD and psychopathy groups but, in this, were similar to the forensic employee group. Neither cortisol nor testosterone levels differentiated the higher from lower Psychopathy Checklist‐Revised scorers.ConclusionsWe replicated findings of diurnal testosterone deficiencies among men with psychopathy and ASPD, but we were unable to differentiate patients groups from each other or from the hospital employees on cortisol measures. This suggests a case for more research with more diverse comparison groups and more differentiation of personality traits before drawing definitive conclusions about distinctive hormonal patterns among men with psychopathy, as external environmental variables may prove more influential than previously suspected. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Renal dysfunction due to hydronephrosis by SAPHO syndrome: a case report
Authors: Kakoki Katsura , Miyata Yasuyoshi , Enokizono Mikako , Uetani Masataka , Sakai Hideki 
Published: June 2015

Key Clinical MessageSynovitis, Acne, Pustulosis, Hyperostosis, Osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome shows varied pathological symptoms. This is the first report of hydronephrosis due to the mechanical compression of bilateral ureters as a result of SAPHO syndrome. From our experience, MRI is the most useful imaging examination to check the upper urinary tract in SAPHO syndrome.
Software for Simulation of Second‐Generation Ethanol Production by a Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation Process
Authors: Silva Marcelo B. , Inácio Luciana M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractEnvironmental impacts associated with the consumption of fossil fuels and the need to generate power through renewable resources demands the usage of alternative materials. The objective is the production of clean energy from materials like lignocellulosic biomass to produce second‐generation (2G) ethanol. A software in the Matlab program is elaborated to simulate the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process of lignocellulosic biomass for the 2G ethanol production in batch reactors. Studying the effects of the process variables, it was found that the higher interference is caused by cellulose concentration. Higher concentrations of the product in batch processes are obtained with the maximum cellulose concentrations, cells, and enzyme.
Two Reaction Mechanisms via Iminium Ion Intermediates: The Different Reactivities of Diphenylprolinol Silyl Ether and Trifluoromethyl‐Substituted Diarylprolinol Silyl Ether
Authors: Gotoh Hiroaki , Uchimaru Tadafumi , Hayashi Yujiro 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe reactions of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes with cyclopentadiene in the presence of diarylprolinol silyl ethers as catalyst proceed via iminium cations as intermediates, and can be divided into two types; one involving a Michael‐type reaction (type A) and one involving a cycloaddition (type B). Diphenylprolinol silyl ethers and trifluoromethyl‐substituted diarylprolinol silyl ethers, which are widely used proline‐type organocatalysts, have been investigated in this study. As the LUMO of the iminium ion derived from trifluoromethyl‐substituted diarylprolinol silyl ether is lower in energy than that derived from diphenylprolinol silyl ether, as supported by ab initio calculations, the trifluoromethyl‐substituted catalyst is more reactive in a type B reaction. The iminium ion from an α,β‐unsaturated aldehyde is generated more quickly with diphenylprolinol silyl ether than with the trifluoromethyl‐substituted diarylprolinol silyl ether. When the generation of the iminium ion is the rate‐determining step, the diphenylprolinol silyl ether catalyst is the more reactive. Because acid accelerates the generation of iminium ions and reduces the generation of anionic nucleophiles in the Michael‐type reaction (type A), it is necessary to select the appropriate acid for specific reactions. In general, diphenylprolinol silyl ether is a superior catalyst for type A reactions, whereas the trifluoromethyl‐substituted diarylprolinol silyl ether catalyst is preferred for type B reactions.
Synthesis of Periphery‐Decorated and Core‐Initiated Borane Polyanionic Macromolecules
Authors: Teixidor Francesc , Pepiol Ariadna , Viñas Clara 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA new class of globular polybranched macromolecules that contain multiple anionic metallacarborane clusters at the o‐carborane periphery is reported. The water soluble high boron rich containing molecules could be of interest for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) as well as for drug delivery. The reinforced electrostatic noncovalent interactions between anionic polyethylene glycol cobaltabisdicarbollide (PEG‐COSAN) branches and the ammonium cation have been shown using ESI‐MS.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural and Electrochemical Characteristics of SiO2 Modified Li4Ti5O12 as Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries.
Authors: Li Wen , Chen Mianzhong , Jiang Jinjin , Wu Rui , Wang Feng , Liu Wenjing , Peng Gongchang , Qu Meizhen 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) anode material is modified by SiO2 through sol‐gel processing of a mixture of LTO and Si(OEt)4 (2.5, 5, and 10 mol%) in EtOH prior to firing the dried material in air (500 °C, 1 h).
ChemInform Abstract: The Studies on Synthesis of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (LiNCM) as a Cathode Material Prepared by Thermal Degradation of Oxalate Anion.
Authors: Kim Sang Hern 
Published: June 2015

AbstractLiNCM powder is prepared by precipitation from an equimolar aqueous solution of Ni(NO3)2, Co(NO3)2, Mn(Ac‐O)2 to which (NH4)2C2O4 is given followed by drying (100 °C, 2 h) and admixing of LiOH prior to sintering in air (850 °C, 1 d; 500 °C, 1 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Structural, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of Na8Eu2(Si2S6)2 and Na8Eu2(Ge2S6)2: Europium(II) Quaternary Chalcogenides that Contain an Ethane‐Like (Si2S6)6‐ or (Ge2S6)6‐ Moiety.
Authors: Choudhury Amitava , Ghosh Kartik , Grandjean Fernande , Long Gary J. , Dorhout Peter K. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSingle crystals of Na8Eu2(Si2S6)2 (I) and Na8Eu2(Ge2S6)2 (II) are prepared by a polychalcogenide reactive flux method using the elements and freshly prepared Na2S2 in nearly stoichiometric amounts (evacuated silica tubes, 750 °C, 150 h; 5 °C/h cooling rate).
ChemInform Abstract: Simple Metal Salts Supported on Montmorillonite as Recyclable Catalysts for Intramolecular Hydroalkoxylation of Double Bonds in Conventional and VOC‐Exempt Solvents.
Authors: Notar Francesco Irene , Cacciuttolo Bastien , Pucheault Mathieu , Antoniotti Sylvain 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA large range of cyclic ethers is synthesized by intramolecular hydroalkoxylation of corresponding unsaturated alcohols using benign metals such as Fe and Bi supported on montmorillonite as sustainable catalyst systems.
ChemInform Abstract: From Acyliminiums/Amidoallenyliums to Highly Functionalized Allene Intermediates: Stereoselective Preparation of Z‐Amidovinyl‐Furans, ‐Pyrroles, ‐Thiophenes, ‐Benzofurans and ‐Benzothiophenes.
Authors: Liu Le , Chen Dianpeng , Zhou Hongwei 
Published: June 2015

AbstractTreatment of alkynylimine with acyl bromides furnishes tetrasubstituted allene intermediates which undergo an intramolecular ring‐closure/opening cascade to yield the title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic, Difluorocarbene‐Based S‐Difluoromethylation of Thiocarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Fuchibe Kohei , Bando Masaki , Takayama Ryo , Ichikawa Junji 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDifluorocarbene generated in situ acts as difluoromethylating agent of thioamides and thiocarbamates.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(0)‐Catalyzed Chemoselective Construction of Spirocarbocycles via an Alkyne Insertion/β‐Naphthol Dearomatization Cascade.
Authors: Zheng Huayu , Bai Lu , Liu Jingjing , Nan Jiang , Zuo Zhijun , Yang Liu , Wang Yaoyu , Luan Xinjun 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA simple and efficient procedure is elaborated for the microwave‐assisted synthesis of spirocyclic compounds (III) and (V) from naphthols and symmetrical alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: ZnCl2‐Promoted Asymmetric Hydrogenation of β‐Secondary‐Amino Ketones Catalyzed by a P‐Chiral Rh‐Bisphosphine Complex.
Authors: Hu Qiupeng , Zhang Zhenfeng , Liu Yangang , Imamoto Tsuneo , Zhang Wanbin 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA P‐chiral bisphosphine‐rhodium complex acts in combination with the catalyst activator zinc chloride as new catalytic system for the asymmetric hydrogenation of β‐secondary‐amino ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Orchestrated Triple C—H Activation Reactions Using Two Directing Groups: Rapid Assembly of Complex Pyrazoles.
Authors: Yang Weibo , Ye Shengqing , Fanning Dewey , Coon Timothy , Schmidt Yvonne , Krenitsky Paul , Stamos Dean , Yu Jin‐Quan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA sequential triple C—H activation reaction directed by a pyrazole and an amide group leads to the well‐controlled construction of sterically congested dihydrobenzo[e]indazole derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Formal [3 + 3] Cycloadditions of Ketones and Cyclic 1‐Azadienes by Cascade Enamine—Enamine Catalysis.
Authors: He Xiao‐Long , Xiao You‐Cai , Du Wei , Chen Ying‐Chun 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA broad spectrum of both reactants is tested in the presence of the optimized catalytic system A).
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Mediated Radical Cyclization of Alkynoates and α‐Keto Acids Leading to Coumarins via Cascade Double C—C Bond Formation.
Authors: Yan Kelu , Yang Daoshan , Wei Wei , Wang Fen , Shuai Yuanyuan , Li Qiannan , Wang Hua 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAryl alkynoates (I) are coupled with β‐keto acids (II) giving coumarin derivatives (III) in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Two Consecutive Palladium(II)‐Promoted C—H Alkenylation Reactions for the Synthesis of 3‐Alkenylquinolones.
Authors: Ortiz‐de‐Elguea Veronica , Sotomayor Nuria , Lete Esther 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe selective 6‐endo intramolecular C‐H alkenylation reactions of substrates (I) and (IX) lead to quinolones.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst‐Free One‐Pot Four‐Component Domino Reactions in Water—PEG‐400: Highly Efficient and Convergent Approach to Thiazoloquinoline Scaffolds.
Authors: Nagaraju Anugula , Ramulu B. Janaki , Shukla Gaurav , Srivastava Abhijeet , Verma Girijesh Kumar , Raghuvanshi Keshav , Singh Maya Shankar 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA new and efficient protocol for the synthesis of highly diversified thiazoloquinoline scaffolds by one‐pot four‐component cascade reaction of α‐enolic dithioesters, cysteamine, aldehydes, and cyclic 1,3‐diketones is given.
ChemInform Abstract: A One‐Pot Cascade to Protoberberine Alkaloids via Stevens Rearrangement of Nitrile‐Stabilized Ammonium Ylides.
Authors: Lahm Guenther , Deichmann Jan‐Gernot , Rauen Anna Lisa , Opatz Till 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis method gives access to quaternary protoberberines including naturally occurring pseudopalmatine (IIIf) and pseudoepiberberine (IIIg).
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Construction of C‐Hydroxydiketopiperazines Using Lanthanum(III) Triflate.
Authors: Wang Qing‐Peng , Zhang Hong‐Bo , Ning Xin , Hang Hang , Huang Zhong‐Lv , Song Hao‐Ran , Wang Xin , Wang Peng George 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA highly efficient and convenient method for the construction of C‐hydroxydiketopiperazines is developed using Lanthanum(III) triflate as a recyclable reagent.
ChemInform Abstract: A Catalyst Free, One Pot Approach for the Synthesis of Quinoxaline Derivatives via Oxidative Cyclization of 1,2‐Diamines and Phenacyl Bromides.
Authors: Kumar Kapil , Mudshinge Sagar Ravso , Goyal Sandeep , Gangar Mukesh , Nair Vipin A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe oxidative condensation proceeds in water as the solvent to give quinoxalines in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzopentathiepin Analogues and Their Evaluation as Inhibitors of the Phosphatase STEP.
Authors: Baguley Tyler D. , Nairn Angus C. , Lombroso Paul J. , Ellman Jonathan A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAnalogues of already known benzopentathiepin TC‐2153, a novel inhibitor of striatal‐enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase (STEP), are synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: Ozonolysis of Unsaturated Compounds in the Synthesis of Insect Pheromones and Juvenoids
Authors: Ishmuratov G. Yu. , Legostaeva Yu. V. , Garifullina L. R. , Botsman L. P. , Yakovleva M. P. , Tolstikov G. A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractReview: 96 refs.
The commercialization of academic outputs in the administrative sciences: A multiple‐case study in a university‐based business school
Authors: Mesny Anne , Pinget Nicolas , Mailhot Chantale 
Published: June 2015

AbstractTechnology transfer, and its focus on research commercialization, is gaining popularity in all academic fields as a way to better demonstrate universities' external impacts. We conducted a multiple case‐study of three commercialization projects in Organizational Development, Information Technology, and Marketing, which took place in a university business school. We explored to what extent the technology transfer model of commercializing academic outputs could apply in business schools. We also examined its potential value compared to other ways of sharing academic expertise. Although the technology transfer approach appears to work, the three projects exhibited crucial characteristics that markedly differ from traditional technology transfer. Compared to other forms of knowledge uses, what makes research commercialization so attractive is that it is readily observable and traceable. However, it raises some fundamental questions about knowledge production and its use. Copyright © 2015 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Population‐based trends in high‐grade cervical lesions in the early human papillomavirus vaccine era in the United States
Authors: Hariri Susan , Johnson Michelle L. , Bennett Nancy M. , Bauer Heidi M. , Park Ina U. , Schafer Sean , Niccolai Linda M. , Unger Elizabeth R. , Markowitz Lauri E. ,   HPV‐IMPACT Working Group
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUNDCervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2, 3, and adenocarcinoma in situ (CIN2+) lesions can be monitored as early indicators of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine impact. Changes to screening utilization will affect observed reductions in CIN2+ rates and complicate the interpretation of vaccine impact.METHODSFrom 2008 to 2012, 9119 cases of CIN2+ among 18‐ to 39‐year‐old residents of catchment areas in California, Connecticut, New York, and Oregon were reported to the HPV‐IMPACT Project, a sentinel system for monitoring the population impact of HPV vaccine. Age‐stratified CIN2+ incidence rates were calculated for each catchment. Annual cervical screening was estimated for California, New York, and Oregon catchments with administrative and survey data. The Cochran‐Armitage test was used to examine trends.RESULTSFrom 2008 to 2012, the incidence of CIN2+ significantly decreased among 18‐ to 20‐year‐olds (California, from 94 to 5 per 100,000 women; Connecticut, from 450 to 57 per 100,000 women; New York, from 299 to 43 per 100,000 women; and Oregon, from 202 to 37 per 100,000 women; Ptrend < .0001) and among 21‐ to 29‐year‐olds in Connecticut (from 762 to 589 per 100,000 women) and New York (from 770 to 465 per 100,000 women; Ptrend < .001); rates did not differ among 30‐ to 39‐year‐olds. During the same period, screening rates also declined, with the largest decreases among 18‐ to 20‐year‐olds (from 67% in Oregon to 88% in California) and with smaller declines among 21‐ to 29‐year‐olds (13%‐27%) and 30‐ to 39‐year‐olds (3%‐21%).CONCLUSIONSThe declines in CIN2+ detection in young women were likely due to reduced screening but could also reflect the impact of vaccination. These data illustrate challenges in interpreting CIN2+ ecologic trends in the new era of cervical cancer prevention and emphasize the importance of information such as HPV types detected in lesions to assess the impact of HPV vaccine on cervical precancers. Cancer 2015;121:2775‐2781. © 2015 American Cancer Society