bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome of Carpal Tunnel Release: a prospective study
Authors: Pradhan NMS , Khan JA , Acharya BM , Devkota P , Rajbhandari A 
Published: May 2013

BACKGROUND: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common peripheral entrapment neuropathy and is manifested by characteristic signs and symptoms resulting from median nerve compression at the carpal tunnel. The diagnosis is essentially clinical, which is further confirmed by nerve conduction studies. Surgical release of the transverse carpal ligament is advised when conservative treatment fails. METHODS: This prospective study evaluates the outcome of standard open carpal tunnel release performed at our center* from June 2004 to July 2007. Thirty two patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome, with failed conservative treatments, either with NSAIDs and/or local infiltration with corticosteroid injections plus night splint, or recurrence after conservative treatment were subjected to open carpal tunnel release after getting approval from the local ethical committee and getting a written and informed consent from the patient. Clinical assessment was done preoperatively and at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months following the procedure and included the two-point discrimination test at the tip of the index finger and Boston questionnaires as an outcome measurement of symptoms severity. All the patients were followed up for a period of six months. RESULTS: All the patients presented improvement in the postoperative evaluations in all the analyzed parameters. CONCLUSION: Open carpal tunnel release is a safe and effective method for the treatment of CTS and can be carried out when the conservative means fail to relieve the symptoms. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/noaj.v1i1.8129 Nepal Orthopaedic Association Journal Vol.1(1) 2010
Procidencia with rare complication -a case report
Authors: Sultana Mst Atia , Akter Monira , Anam Shafiul 
Published: May 2013

Mrs. Lalbanu 65 years old lady presented to us with the complaints of something coming down per vagina for 10 years, foul smelling discharge for 2 months, fever & maggot formation for 5 days, she also gave history of applying some chemical substances on her prolapsed mass of genitalia, and she also complains of lower abdominal pain for last 5 days. On examination, prolapsed mass was distorted, edematous, infected, irreducible & there were maggots, her temperature was raised & having lower abdominal tenderness. She was treated at first conservatively & then surgically. Now she is well & with our follow up.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v3i1.13662 KYAMC Journal Vol. 3, No.-1, June 2012 pp.262-264
Salles et châteaux gascons, un modèle de maisons fortes
Authors: Séraphin Gilles 
Published: May 2013

In the Perigord and the Quercy, the lord's lodgings are often separated from the turris, whereas in Gascony, the noble résidence unités in a single édifice the lodgins and the turris. More than one hundred of thèse noble dwellings known as « château gascon », « salle » or « tour-salle » remain in the departments of Gers, Tarn-et- Garonne, Lot-et-Garonne. They constitute a particularly homogeneous corpus, built over a short period of time, between the last third of the thirteenth Century and the middle of the fourteenth Century. These seigneurial habitations are characterized by the constancy of their plan, which superimposes over a ground-floor cellar, a first floor that serves as refuge and graniery, as well as being the only floor equipped for défense, followed by two habitable upper floors. The roof covering the lodgings leaves disengaged a crenelated parapet walk for defense of the upper levels.
When the seigneurial apartments are on a single upper level, they combine in a similar volume both the salle and bed chambers, separated by partitions. By comparison to the single salles, which present a minimalist version of the model, the châteaux gascons are an amplifïed variant in which one or two addorsed towers inherit the défense apparatus which elsewhere is the exclusive function of the first storey of the dwelling.
Computed tomographic and histological findings of Hansen type I intervertebral disc herniation in dogs
Authors: Vitale C. L. , Essman S. C. , Pithua P. , Coates J. R. , Kuroki K. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryObjective: To evaluate whether noncontrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) as a stand-alone imaging modality can be used to define the Hansen type I intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH) lesion and also whether the Hounsfield unit (HU) value of herniated disc is relevant to clinical duration and to histopathological chronicity of extruded disc material.Methods: Information from a series of CT studies performed on 45 dogs with a presumptive diagnosis of Hansen type I IVDH was used. Clinical duration of IVDH was estimated based on time from onset of signs per owner communication to time of surgical intervention. Hansen type I IVDH was confirmed at surgery. Retrieved herniated disc was histologically examined. The HU values were analyzed to correlate the clinical duration and histopathological chronicity of the disc lesion.Results: Non-contrast-enhanced CT provided sufficient diagnostic information to plan surgery in 42 of 45 dogs (93%). The value of the HU was significantly higher in clinically chronic cases (n = 12) compared to peracute cases (n = 11) (p <0.05). The HU values were significantly correlated with clinical duration (r = 0.482, p = 0.0008) and histopathological chronicity of the herniated disc (r = 0.408, p = 0.0056).Conclusion: Consistent with the previous reports, the use of non-contrast-enhanced CT alone was sufficient for the diagnosis and surgical planning in most patients with Hansen type I IVDH in the thoracolumbar spine. In addition, the present study suggested that HU values on CT images may be useful in the evaluation of disease chronicity of IVDH.
In vitro biomechanical testing of a micro external skeletal fixator
Authors: Bali M. S. , Doherr M. , Spreng D. , Rytz U. , Ferguson S. J. , Deiss R. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryObjective: To biomechanically test the properties of three different Universal Micro External Fixator (UMEX™) configurations with regard to their use in very small animals (<5kg) and compare the UMEX system to the widely used IMEX External Skeletal Fixation (SK™) system in terms of stiffness, space needed for pin placement and weight.Methods: Three different UMEX configurations (type Ia, type Ib, and type II modified) and one SK configuration type Ia were used to stabilize Delrin plastic rods in a 1 cm fracture gap model. These constructs were tested in axial compression, craniocaudal bending, mediolateral bending, and torsion. Testing was conducted within the elastic range and mean stiffness in each mode was determined from the slope of the linear portion of the load-deformation curve. A Kruskal Wallis one-way analysis of variance on ranks test was utilized to assess differences between constructs (p <0.05).Results: The UMEX type II modified configuration was significantly stiffer than the other UMEX configurations and the SK type Ia, except in craniocaudal bending, where the SK type Ia configuration was stiffer than all UMEX constructs. The UMEX type Ia configuration was significantly the weakest of those frames. The UMEX constructs were lighter and smaller than the SK, thus facilitating closer pin placement.Conclusions: Results supported previous reports concerning the superiority of more complex constructs regarding stiffness. The UMEX system appears to be a valid alternative for the treatment of long-bone fractures in very small animals.
1939-1940, L'armée de l'air française dans la tourmente : capitaine Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, pilote de guerre
Authors: Carlier Claude 
Published: May 2013

Après la défaite de 1940, la recherche des « coupables » a accaparé l’attention d’une opinion publique traumatisée par l’ampleur de la débâcle. C’est ainsi que s’est répandue la légende de l’absence d’avions français. La vérité est tout autre ainsi que l’explique cet article principalement illustré par les écrits du capitaine Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, en particulier son livre, Pilote de guerre , paru aux États-Unis en 1942, sous le titre Flight to Arras, dans lequel il précise les conditions dans lesquelles l’armée de l’air a tenté de faire face en mai-juin 1940 au prix de lourds sacrifices, en particulier le Groupe de reconnaissance II/33 auquel il appartenait : « En trois semaines nous avons perdu dix-sept équipages sur vingt-trois. Nous avons fondu comme cire. »
The pulse as diagnostic aid in Graeco-Roman times and the Mediaeval Ages
Authors: Retief Francois P. , Cilliers Louise 
Published: May 2013

The aim of this article is to highlight a particular contribution in the history of medicine made by ancient physicians more than two millennia ago. In modern times the taking of the pulse as clinical tool is self-evident, but the fact that doctors in Graeco-Roman times and the Medievel Ages, when so little was known of physiology and especially of the cardiovascular system, could measure the pulse beat to diagnose, evaluate and treat diseases, is quite remarkable. As such it is a forerunner of the modern taking of the pulse, though physicians today have more sophisticated ways to detect illnesses.
Cobweb Theorems with Production Lags and Price Forecasting
Authors: Dufresne Daniel , Vázquez-Abad Felisa 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The classical cobweb theorem is extended to include production lags and price forecasts. Price forecasting based on a longer period has a stabilizing effect on prices. Longer production lags do not necessarily lead to unstable prices; very long lags lead to cycles of constant amplitude. The classical cobweb requires elasticity of demand to be greater than that of supply; this is not necessarily the case in a more general setting. Random shocks are also considered.
Ischiofemoral Impingement: A Retrospective Analysis of Cases in a Specialist Orthopaedic Centre over a Four-Year Period
Authors: Ali Adam Mohsan , Teh James , Whitwell Duncan , Ostlere Simon 
Published: May 2013

Background Ischiofemoral impingement is a recently identified cause of chronic hip pain, the pathophysiology and clinical features of which are poorly understood. Aim To determine the clinical significance of MRI findings of ischiofemoral impingement. Materials and Methods Retrospective search for cases of ischiofemoral impingement in the Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, over a 4 year period, and review of medical notes to identify correlation between clinical and MRI features. Results Sixteen hips in 13 patients with MRI signs of ischiofemoral impingement were identified. All patients were females with a median age of 36 years (range 17-80 years). In six patients the symptoms corresponded to the side of the quadratus femoris abnormality and narrowed ischiofemoral distance. In two patients the symptoms were on the same side as the abnormality but were more consistent with back pain and sciatica. In five patients the symptoms were not anatomically related to the abnormality. Abnormalities identified; seven patients had muscle oedema (six unilateral, one bilateral) and six had muscle wasting (four unilateral, two bilateral). Of the patients with quadratus femoris oedema, two had gluteus medius enthesopathy and one had hamstring enthesopathy. Two patients presented with a chronic loud clunking of the hip on walking. Conclusions Ischiofemoral impingement on MRI is seen in patients with pain localised to the ipsilateral buttock and in patients with symptoms unrelated to the abnormality. The condition may be associated with wasting or oedema of the quadratus femoris muscle on MRI and may occur secondary to injury in other muscles controlling movement of the hip such as the hamstrings and gluteus medius. Ischiofemoral impingement is a cause of a clunking hip.
The Effects of Polydeoxyribonucleotide on the Survival of Random Pattern Skin Flaps in Rats
Authors: Chung Kun Il , Kim Han Koo , Kim Woo Seob , Bae Tae Hui 
Published: May 2013

Background Partial or complete necrosis of a skin flap is a common problem. Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) can be extracted from trout sperm and used as a tissue repair agent. The aim of this study was to investigate whether PDRN could improve the survival of random pattern skin flaps in rats.
Methods Twenty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: the PDRN treatment group (n=11) and the control group (n=11). Caudally pedicled random pattern skin flaps were elevated on their dorsal skin and resutured. The treatment group received daily intraperitoneal administration of PDRN (8 mg/kg/day), and the control group received fluid vehicle (NaCl 0.9%, 8 mg/kg/day) from day 0 to day 6. On day 7, the flap survival was evaluated and the harvested tissue surrounding the demarcation line of the necrotic area was stained with H&E, anti-rat vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) antibody, and PECAM-1/CD31 antibody.
Results The average necrotic area of the flap in the PDRN group was significantly smaller when compared with that of the control group. Histologic and immunohistochemical evaluation showed that granulation thickness score and VEGF-positive staining cells were marked higher in the PDRN group than in the control group. PECAM-1/CD31-positive microvascular densities were significantly higher in the PDRN group when compared with the control group.
Conclusions This study confirms that PDRN improves the survival of random pattern skin flaps in rats. These results may represent a new therapeutic approach to enhancing flap viability and achieving faster wound repair.
The Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator and Pedicled Transverse Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous Flap in Breast Reconstruction: A Comparative Study
Authors: Tan Shane , Lim Jane , Yek Jacklyn , Ong Wei Chen , Hing Chor Hoong , Lim Thiam Chye 
Published: May 2013

Background Our objective was to compare the complication rates of two common breast reconstruction techniques performed at our hospital and the cost-effectiveness for each test group.
Methods All patients who underwent deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap and transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap by the same surgeon were selected and matched according to age and mastectomy with or without axillary clearance. Patients from each resultant group were selected, with the patients matched chronologically. The remainder were matched for by co-morbidities. Sixteen patients who underwent immediate breast reconstruction with pedicled TRAM flaps and 16 patients with DIEP flaps from 1999 to 2006 were accrued. The average total hospitalisation cost, length of hospitalisation, and complications in the 2 year duration after surgery for each group were compared.
Results Complications arising from both the pedicled TRAM flaps and DIEP flaps included fat necrosis (TRAM, 3/16; DIEP, 4/16) and other minor complications (TRAM, 3/16; DIEP, 1/16). The mean hospital stay was 7.13 days (range, 4 to 12 days) for the pedicled TRAM group and 7.56 (range, 5 to 10 days) for the DIEP group. Neither the difference in complication rates nor in hospital stay duration were statistically significant. The total hospitalisation cost for the DIEP group was significantly higher than that of the pedicled TRAM group (P<0.001).
Conclusions Based on our study, the pedicled TRAM flap remains a cost-effective technique in breast reconstruction when compared to the newer, more expensive and tedious DIEP flap.
Second Toe Plantar Free Flap for Volar Tissue Defects of the Fingers
Authors: Cho Yong Jin , Roh Si Young , Kim Jin Soo , Lee Dong Chul , Yang Jae Won 
Published: May 2013

Background The reconstruction of volar surface defects is difficult because of the special histologic nature of the tissue involved. The plantar surface is the most homologous in shape and function and could be considered the most ideal of reconstructive options in select cases of volar surface defects. In this paper, we evaluate a single institutional case series of volar tissue defects managed with second toe plantar free flaps.
Methods A single-institution retrospective review was performed on 12 cases of reconstruction using a second toe plantar free flap. The mean age was 33 years (range, 9 to 54 years) with a male-to-female ratio of 5-to-1. The predominant mechanism was crush injury (8 cases) followed by amputations (3 cases) and a single case of burn injury. Half of the indications (6 cases) were for soft-tissue defects with the other half for scar contracture.
Results All of the flaps survived through the follow-up period. Sensory recovery was related to the time interval between injury and reconstruction-with delayed operations portending worse outcomes. There were no postoperative complications in this series.
Conclusions Flexion contracture is the key functional deficit of volar tissue defects. The second toe plantar free flap is the singular flap whose histology most closely matches those of the original volar tissue. In our experience, this flap is the superior reconstructive option within the specific indications dictated by the defect size and location.
Variation de la pratique réflexive entre les contextes académique et pratique en stage d’enseignement
Authors: Collin Simon 
Published: May 2013

Le stage d’enseignement est fréquemment considéré comme une période particulièrement propice au développement de la pratique réflexive. Souhaitant contribuer à cette réflexion, l’objectif de cet article vise à mieux comprendre la variation de la pratique réflexive des enseignants stagiaires suivant les contextes académique et pratique. Pour ce faire, nous présentons une recherche qualitative, dont l’analyse thématique d’entrevues nous a permis de relever des variations contextuelles de la pratique réflexive à trois plans distincts : la motivation et la finalité ; les acteurs soutenant la pratique réflexive ; enfin, les modalités d’interaction entre les acteurs.
Disclosure of HIV status to children in resource‐limited settings: a systematic review
Authors: Vreeman Rachel C , Gramelspacher Anna Maria , Gisore Peter O , Scanlon Michael L , Nyandiko Winstone M 
Published: May 2013

IntroductionInforming children of their own HIV status is an important aspect of long‐term disease management, yet there is little evidence of how and when this type of disclosure takes place in resource‐limited settings and its impact.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Databases were searched for the terms hiv AND disclos* AND (child* OR adolesc*). We reviewed 934 article citations and the references of relevant articles to find articles describing disclosure to children and adolescents in resource‐limited settings. Data were extracted regarding prevalence of disclosure, factors influencing disclosure, process of disclosure and impact of disclosure on children and caregivers.ResultsThirty‐two articles met the inclusion criteria, with 16 reporting prevalence of disclosure. Of these 16 studies, proportions of disclosed children ranged from 0 to 69.2%. Important factors influencing disclosure included the child's age and perceived ability to understand the meaning of HIV infection and factors related to caregivers, such as education level, openness about their own HIV status and beliefs about children's capacities. Common barriers to disclosure were fear that the child would disclose HIV status to others, fear of stigma and concerns for children's emotional or physical health. Disclosure was mostly led by caregivers and conceptualized as a one‐time event, while others described it as a gradual process. Few studies measured the impact of disclosure on children. Findings suggested adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) improved post‐disclosure but the emotional and psychological effects of disclosure were variable.ConclusionsMost studies show that a minority of HIV‐infected children in resource‐limited settings know his/her HIV status. While caregivers identify many factors that influence disclosure, studies suggest both positive and negative effects for children. More research is needed to implement age‐ and culture‐appropriate disclosure in resource‐limited settings.
Systemic mastocytosis in adults: 2013 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management
Authors: Pardanani Animesh 
Published: May 2013

Disease overview:Systemic mastocytosis (SM) results from a clonal proliferation of abnormal mast cells (MC) in one or more extracutaneous organs.Diagnosis:The major criterion is presence of multifocal clusters of morphologically abnormal MC in the bone marrow. Minor diagnostic criteria include elevated serum tryptase level, abnormal MC expression of CD25 and/or CD2, and presence of KITD816V.Risk stratification:The 2008 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of SM has been shown to be prognostically relevant. Classification of SM patients into indolent (SM), aggressive SM (ASM), SM associated with a clonal non‐MC lineage disease (SM‐AHNMD) and mast cell leukemia (MCL) subgroups is a useful first step in establishing prognosis.Management:SM treatment is generally palliative. ISM patients have a normal life expectancy and receive symptom‐directed therapy; infrequently, cytoreductive therapy may be indicated for refractory symptoms. ASM patients have disease‐related organ dysfunction; interferon‐α (±corticosteroids) can control dermatological, hematological, gastrointestinal, skeletal, and mediator‐release symptoms, but is hampered by poor tolerability. Similarly, cladribine has broad therapeutic activity, with particular utility when rapid MC debulking is indicated; the main toxicity is myelosuppression. Imatinib has a therapeutic role in the presence of an imatinib‐sensitive KIT mutation or in KITD816‐unmutated patients. Treatment of SM‐AHNMD is governed primarily by the non‐MC neoplasm; hydroxyurea has modest utility in this setting.Investigational drugs:Dasatinib's in vitro anti‐ KITD816V activity has not translated into significant therapeutic activity in most SM patients. In contrast, recently updated data confirms Midostaurin's significant anti‐MC activity in patients with advanced SM. Am. J. Hematol. 88:612–624, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Preparation and properties of composites based on melamine‐formaldehyde foam and nano‐Fe3O4
Authors: Zhang Yusen , Duan Hongdong , Wang Xingjian , Meng Xia , Qin Dawei 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTIn this work, a novel melamine‐formaldehyde‐Fe3O4foam was prepared from a mixture containing melamine‐ethanolamine‐formaldehyde resin, melamine‐glycol‐formaldehyde resin and carboxylated Fe3O4nanoparticles by microwave foaming method. The two resins were characterized by13C‐NMR, respectively. The structures of foams, mechanical and fire‐retardant properties were experimentally characterized separately by scanning electron microscopy, universal testing machine, limit oxygen index, thermogravimetry‐differential thermal analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectra. The effects of the resin viscosity, emulsifier, nucleating agent, curing agent, silicone oil, microwave heating time and blowing agent on the structure of foam were investigated. Results showed that the properties of foam were decided by not only the molecular structure but also structure of foam, and the carboxylated Fe3O4nanoparticles can improve the toughness and flame retardant properties of magnetic foam obviously from both aspects. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2688–2697, 2013