bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiscale Change Point Inference
Authors: Frick Klaus , Munk Axel , Sieling Hannes 
Published: May 2014

SummaryWe introduce a new estimator, the simultaneous multiscale change point estimator SMUCE, for the change point problem in exponential family regression. An unknown step function is estimated by minimizing the number of change points over the acceptance region of a multiscale test at a level α. The probability of overestimating the true number of change points K is controlled by the asymptotic null distribution of the multiscale test statistic. Further, we derive exponential bounds for the probability of underestimating K. By balancing these quantities, α will be chosen such that the probability of correctly estimating K is maximized. All results are even non-asymptotic for the normal case. On the basis of these bounds, we construct (asymptotically) honest confidence sets for the unknown step function and its change points. At the same time, we obtain exponential bounds for estimating the change point locations which for example yield the minimax rate O(n−1) up to a log-term. Finally, the simultaneous multiscale change point estimator achieves the optimal detection rate of vanishing signals as n → ∞, even for an unbounded number of change points. We illustrate how dynamic programming techniques can be employed for efficient computation of estimators and confidence regions. The performance of the multiscale approach proposed is illustrated by simulations and in two cutting edge applications from genetic engineering and photoemission spectroscopy.
Effect of Ambient Temperature on Stress Measurement Method Using Copper Foil
Authors: Ono Y. , Morito S. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe copper electroplating stress measurement method uses the grain growth in the copper on a machine element that has been subjected to repeated loads. Because this growth is also caused by thermal energy, the effect of the ambient temperature on grain growth density and grain orientation was investigated. Cyclic torsion tests were carried out at temperatures from 293 to 353 K. The relationship among the grain growth density, maximum shear stress, number of cycles, and ambient temperature was formulated to measure the maximum shear stress occurring on the machine element. Moreover, cyclic bending–torsion tests were also performed, and the orientations of grown grains were analysed by electron backscatter diffraction. The slip directions of grown grains corresponded closely with the direction of shear stress in spite of the ambient temperatures. This means that principal stresses can be measured by using the pole figure or the inverse pole figure of grown grains at temperatures up to 353 K.
Experimental Investigation of Bond Stress and Deformations in LWAC Ties Reinforced with GFRP Bars
Authors: Carmo R. N. F. , Costa H. , Bento G. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe structures' durability is an engineering concern for a long time but has been increased in the last years. Lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) combined with glass fibre reinforced polymer bars allows to create structures with high performance in terms of durability. The glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars have different ribs from those of steel bars, and consequently, its bond to concrete is affected. Moreover, the Young's modulus of GFRP is much below compared with that of steel, and this influences significantly the behaviour of structural elements reinforced with this material. This paper presents an experimental study focused on bond between LWAC and reinforcing bars of GFRP. Thirty‐six pull‐out tests were carried out using steel and GFRP bars. These reinforcements were combined with three types of concrete, all with the same design density 1900 kg m−3 but with different values of compressive strength: 35, 55 and 70 MPa. Furthermore, 12 reinforced ties were tested, combining different types of bars (steel and GFRP), two different diameters (12 and 16 mm) and the three types of LWAC. Based on experimental results, several relations were established to understand the behaviour of LWAC structures reinforced with GFRP bars, mainly in the serviceability conditions. These results point out that ties deformation and crack width are very affected by the reduced Young's modulus of GFRP: deformations and crack width of ties reinforced with GFRP are significantly higher, approximately three times greater, compared with those of ties reinforced with steel. The tension stiffening effect was also analysed in detail, and it was found that it is slightly influenced by the concrete compressive strength but is highly dependent of the Young's modulus of the reinforcing material.
To conserve or not to conserve (mass in numerical models)
Authors: Hetényi György 
Published: May 2014

AbstractMass conservation is a fundamental physical law. Yet, computer models aiming to simulate Earth evolution commonly fail to respect it. Indeed, most geodynamic models implement phase transitions of rocks – such as metamorphism (solid–solid phase change) or melting (solid–liquid phase change) – following a simplifying assumption dating back to 1897 which is conserving volume rather than mass. The underlying problem is present at different scales, illustrated here by three examples: metamorphism in the continental crust, phase changes in the mantle transition zone and melt crystallization during columnar jointing. These illustrate that phase changes may become a driving force of a system's deformation and point to important differences with respect to simplified models. Developing and applying mass‐conserving approaches in future modelling tools are therefore not an option, but a necessity.
Cytomegalovirus infection after acute rejection therapy in seropositive kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Lee Y.‐M. , Kim Y.H. , Han D.J. , Park S.‐K. , Park J.S. , Sung H. , Hong H.‐L. , Kim T. , Kim S.‐H. , Choi S.‐H. , Kim Y.S. , Woo J.H. , Lee S.‐O. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundAcute rejection (AR) after solid organ transplantation has been known to be a risk factor for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. However, data regarding the risk for CMV infection during and after anti‐rejection therapy are limited. This study investigated whether the risk of CMV infection and disease within 6 months of kidney transplantation (KT) increases in CMV‐seropositive KT recipients who develop AR.MethodsA total of 992 seropositive KT recipients, including 75 patients (8%) who developed AR within 6 months after KT and 917 patients (92%) who did not, were recruited between May 2007 and April 2012.ResultsNo significant difference was found in the incidence of CMV infection between the groups (AR group, 13% [10/75] vs. non‐AR group, 10% [92/917], P = 0.37). The number of KT recipients in each group receiving preemptive therapy for CMV was similar (5% [4/75] vs. 6% [53/917], P > 0.99). While the incidence of CMV syndrome was comparable (0% [0/75] vs. 1% [12/917], P > 0.99), the incidence of tissue‐invasive CMV disease (8% [6/75] vs. 3% [27/917], P = 0.04), particularly gastrointestinal CMV disease, was significantly greater in patients who experienced AR. No CMV‐related mortality occurred in either group. AR (odds ratio, 2.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–7.29; P = 0.03) was an independent risk factor for tissue‐invasive CMV disease within 6 months of KT.ConclusionsA high index of suspicion and active evaluation for tissue‐invasive CMV disease in KT recipients suffering AR may be necessary to ensure appropriate treatment.
Clinical features and outcomes of influenza infections in lung transplant recipients: a single‐season cohort study
Authors: Schuurmans M.M. , Isenring B.D. , Jungo C. , Boeni J. , Mueller N.J. , Kohler M. , Benden C. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundFor lung transplant recipients (LTRs) influenza infections pose a considerable risk for complications. These infections have mainly been described in hospitalized patients. The aim of this study was to describe characteristics of predominantly outpatient‐treated influenza infections.MethodsWe conducted a single‐season (2010/2011) retrospective observational study using database information of our cohort. Patients with evidence for respiratory tract infection received empirical oseltamivir and an oral antibiotic, pending results from nasopharyngeal swab analysis. In laboratory‐confirmed influenza infection, treatment was continued and serial weekly swabs were performed until virologic results were negative.ResultsWe identified 22 infections in 21 of 173 patients followed up; influenza A virus was diagnosed in 13 and influenza B virus in 9 infections. Leading presenting symptoms were cough and rhinorrhea. Oseltamivir was given within 48 h of symptom onset in 13 infections and within 72 h in 21 infections. Prolonged viral shedding (PVS) for ≥7 days was detected in 15 infections; median shedding duration for influenza A was 21 days. In univariable analysis, viral load (VL) at diagnosis was associated with extended duration of shedding (P = 0.006). Multivariable analysis confirmed this association. Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome stage increased in 3 patients at 6‐month follow‐up.ConclusionIn this study, PVS of influenza virus was detected in the majority of LTRs and high VL at diagnosis was predictive for prolonged shedding, which occurred despite extended antiviral therapy.
Whole‐genome profiling and shotgun sequencing delivers an anchored, gene‐decorated, physical map assembly of bread wheat chromosome 6A
Authors: Poursarebani Naser , Nussbaumer Thomas , Šimková Hana , Šafář Jan , Witsenboer Hanneke , van Oeveren Jan , Doležel Jaroslav , Mayer Klaus F.X. , Stein Nils , Schnurbusch Thorsten 
Published: May 2014

SummaryBread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important staple food crop for 35% of the world's population. International efforts are underway to facilitate an increase in wheat production, of which the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC) plays an important role. As part of this effort, we have developed a sequence‐based physical map of wheat chromosome 6A using whole‐genome profiling (WGP™). The bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) contig assembly tools fingerprinted contig (fpc) and linear topological contig (ltc) were used and their contig assemblies were compared. A detailed investigation of the contigs structure revealed that ltc created a highly robust assembly compared with those formed by fpc. The ltc assemblies contained 1217 contigs for the short arm and 1113 contigs for the long arm, with an L50 of 1 Mb. To facilitate in silico anchoring, WGP™ tags underlying BAC contigs were extended by wheat and wheat progenitor genome sequence information. Sequence data were used for in silico anchoring against genetic markers with known sequences, of which almost 79% of the physical map could be anchored. Moreover, the assigned sequence information led to the ‘decoration’ of the respective physical map with 3359 anchored genes. Thus, this robust and genetically anchored physical map will serve as a framework for the sequencing of wheat chromosome 6A, and is of immediate use for map‐based isolation of agronomically important genes/quantitative trait loci located on this chromosome.
Globalisation and Industrial Policy: The Case of China
Authors: Nolan Peter 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAfter a quarter of a century of industrial policy, China's objective of nurturing a group of globally competitive state‐owned enterprises appears to have succeeded beyond most expectations. However, China's SOEs are far from catching up with the world's leading firms. Protection through state ownership in a massive, fast‐growing economy has permitted China's SOEs to earn large profits and achieve high market capitalisations, but this is not the same thing as building globally competitive firms. The fact that China's industrial policy has been unsuccessful after a quarter of a century of intense effort demonstrates how difficult it is to construct an industrial policy in the era of capitalist globalisation, which has produced intense global industrial concentration across large parts of the global value chain. Although the detailed content of the next stage of reform of China's large state‐owned enterprises is unclear, China's determination to build a group of globally competitive large companies remains undimmed.
Quality of bone healing: Perspectives and assessment techniques
Authors: Guda Teja , Labella Carl , Chan Rodney , Hale Robert 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBone regeneration and healing is an area of extensive research providing an ever‐expanding set of not only therapeutic solutions for surgeons but also diagnostic tools. Multiple factors such as an ideal graft, the appropriate biochemical and mechanical wound environment, and viable cell populations are essential components in promoting healing. While bony tissue performs many functions, critical is mechanical strength, followed closely by structure. Many tools are available to evaluate bone quality in terms of quantity, structure, and strength; the purpose of this article is to identify the factors that can be evaluated and the advantages and disadvantages of each in assessing the quality of bone healing in both preclinical research and clinical settings.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Novel Thermoacidophilic Archaeon
Acidianus copahuensis
Strain ALE1, Isolated from the Copahue Volcanic Area in Neuquén, Argentina
Authors: Urbieta M. Sofía , Rascovan Nicolás , Castro Camila , Revale Santiago , Giaveno M. Alejandra , Vazquez Martín , Donati Edgardo R. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

Acidianus copahuensis
is a recently characterized thermoacidophilic archaeon isolated from the Copahue volcanic area in Argentina. Here, we present its draft genome sequence, in which we found genes involved in key metabolic pathways for developing under Copahue's extreme environmental conditions, such as sulfur and iron oxidation, carbon fixation, and metal tolerance.
Whole-Genome Sequences of 13 Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Shrub Willow (
Salix
) Grown in Geneva, New York
Authors: Gan Huan You , Gan Han Ming , Savka Michael A. , Triassi Alexander J. , Wheatley Matthew S. , Smart Lawrence B. , Fabio Eric S. , Hudson André O. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

Shrub willow,
Salix
spp. and hybrids, is an important bioenergy crop. Here we report the whole-genome sequences and annotation of 13 endophytic bacteria from stem tissues of
Salix purpurea
grown in nature and from commercial cultivars and
Salix viminalis
×
Salix miyabeana
grown in bioenergy fields in Geneva, New York.
Draft Genome Sequence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SeITE02, a Gammaproteobacterium Isolated from Selenite-Contaminated Mining Soil
Authors: Bertolini Cristina , van Aerle Ronny , Lampis Silvia , Moore Karen A. , Paszkiewicz Konrad , Butler Clive S. , Vallini Giovanni , van der Giezen Mark 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
strain SeITE02 was isolated from the rhizosphere of the selenium-hyperaccumulating legume
Astragalus bisculcatus
. In this report, we provide the 4.56-Mb draft genome sequence of
S. maltophilia
SeITE02, a gammaproteobacterium that can withstand high concentrations of selenite and reduce these to elemental selenium.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Geobacillus
sp. Strain FW23, Isolated from a Formation Water Sample
Authors: Pore Soham D. , Arora Preeti , Dhakephalkar Prashant K. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

The thermophilic
Geobacillus
sp. strain FW23 was isolated from the Mehsana oil wells in Gujrat, India, during a screening for oil-degrading bacteria. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Geobacillus
sp. FW23, which may help reveal the genomic differences between this strain and the earlier reported species of the genus
Geobacillus
.
Complete Genome Sequence of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup A Strain NMA510612, Isolated from a Patient with Bacterial Meningitis in China
Authors: Zhang Yan , Yang Jian , Xu Li , Zhu Yafang , Liu Bo , Shao Zhujun , Zhang Xiaobing , Jin Qi 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

Serogroup A meningococcal strains have been involved in several pandemics and a series of epidemics worldwide in the past. Determination of the genome sequence of the prevalent genotype strain will help us understand the genetic background of the evolutionary and epidemiological properties of these bacteria. We sequenced the complete genome of
Neisseria meningitidis
NMA510612, a clinical isolate from a patient with meningococcal meningitis.
Draft Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium vulneris DSM 45247
T
Authors: Croce Olivier , Robert Catherine , Raoult Didier , Drancourt Michel 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genome sequence of
Mycobacterium vulneris
DSM 45247
T
strain, an emerging, opportunistic pathogen of the
Mycobacterium avium
complex. The genome described here is composed of 6,981,439 bp (with a G+C content of 67.14%) and has 6,653 protein-coding genes and 84 predicted RNA genes.
Draft Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clinical Strain G-12-005
Authors: Berland Jean-Luc , de Carvalho Fabíola Marques , de Almeida Luiz Gonzaga Paula , Bablishvili Nino , Gauthier Marie , Paranhos-Baccalà Glaucia , de Vasconcelos Ana Tereza Ribeiro 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

Infection caused by drug-resistant
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
is a growing concern, especially in eastern Europe. We report an annotated draft genome sequence of
M. tuberculosis
strain G-12-005 obtained from a patient in Georgia.
Prevalence of Unclassified Bacteria in Tropical Coastal Waters of Malaysia Revealed by Metagenomic Approach
Authors: Chan Kok-Gan , Chong Teik-Min 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
The metagenomes of marine prokaryotes from coastal seawaters in Malaysia are reported in this study. The investigation of the microbial communities using 16S rRNA gene amplicon metagenomic sequencing revealed that majority of the bacteria in the seawater samples remain unclassified.
Complete Genome Sequence of Pandoraea pnomenusa 3kgm, a Quorum-Sensing Strain Isolated from a Former Landfill Site
Authors: Chan Kok-Gan , Yin Wai-Fong , Goh Share-Yuan 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

Pandoraea pnomenusa
strain 3kgm has been identified as a quorum-sensing strain isolated from soil. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
P. pnomenusa
strain 3kgm by using the Pacific Biosciences single-molecule real-time (PacBio RS SMRT) sequencer high-resolution technology.
Wet Needling of Myofascial Trigger Points in Abdominal Muscles for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhoea
Authors: Huang Qiang-Min , Liu Lin 
Published: May 2014

Objectives To evaluate the effect of wet needling (related to acupuncture) and home stretching exercises on myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in abdominal muscles for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea. Methods The effect of wet needing of MTrPs in abdominal muscles, supplemented by home stretching exercises, was observed in 65 patients with moderate and severe primary dysmenorrhoea. The MTrPs in the abdominal region were localised and repeatedly needled with lidocaine injection. Menstrual pain was evaluated with a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score after every treatment, with the final evaluation made at a 1-year follow-up. Treatment was stopped when the VAS pain score reduced to ≤3. Symptoms scores were analysed with one-way analysis of variance. Results The mean VAS pain score before treatment was 7.49±1.16. After a single wet needling session, 41 patients had a reduction in their VAS pain score to <3 during their following menstrual cycle, with a mean of 1.63±0.49. Twenty-four patients who needed two treatments showed a reduction in menstrual pain scores to 0.58±0.50. After 1 year, the mean VAS pain score among all patients was 0.28±0.45, with a response rate of 100%. Conclusions Primary dysmenorrhoea was significantly reduced 1 year after wet needling to MTrPs in the abdominal region and home stretching exercises, justifying further research with controlled trials.
Older females are at higher risk for medical complications during 21 km road race running: a prospective study in 39 511 race starters—SAFER study III
Authors: Schwabe Karen , Schwellnus Martin P , Derman Wayne , Swanevelder Sonja , Jordaan Esme 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundThe half-marathon (21 km) race is a very popular mass community-based distance running event. It is important to determine risk factors for medical complications during these events, so that prevention programmes can be developed.ObjectiveTo determine risk factors associated with medical complications during 21 km road running events.DesignProspective study.SettingTwo Oceans half-marathon (21 km) races.Participants39 511 starters in the 21 km race.MethodsMedical complications (defined as any runner requiring assessment by a doctor at the race medical facility or a local hospital on race day) were recorded over a 4-year study period. Medical complications were subdivided according to the system affected and by final diagnosis. A Poisson regression model was used to determine risk factors for any medical complication and more common specific complications.ResultsIndependent risk factors for medical complication during 21 km running were older female runners (women >50 vs  ≤50 years; p<0.0001) and year of observation (2008 vs 2011; p=0.0201: 2009 vs 2011: p=0.0019; 2010 vs 2011: p=0.0096). Independent risk factors for specific common medical complications were: postural hypotension (women, slow running pace), musculoskeletal complications (less running experience, slower running pace) and dermatological complications (women).ConclusionsOlder female runners are at higher risk of developing medical complications during 21 km road running races. Environmental conditions in a particularly cold climate may also play a role. Less running experience and slower running pace are associated with specific medical complications. Medical staff can now plan appropriate care on race days, and interventions can be developed to reduce the risk of medical complications in 21 km races.
Associations between damage location and five main body region injuries of MAIS 3–6 injured occupants
Authors: Tang Youming , Cao Libo , Kan Steven 
Published: May 2014

ObjectivesTo examine the damage location distribution of five main body region injuries of maximum abbreviated injury score (MAIS) 3–6 injured occupants for nearside struck vehicle in front-to-side impact crashes.Design and settingMAIS 3–6 injured occupants information was extracted from the US-National Automotive Sampling System/Crashworthiness Data System in the year 2007; it included the head/face/neck, chest, pelvis, upper extremity and lower extremity. Struck vehicle collision damage was classified in a three-dimensional system according to the J224 Collision Deformation Classification of SAE Surface Vehicle Standard.ParticipantsNearside occupants seated directly adjacent to the struck side of the vehicle with MAIS 3–6 injured, in light truck vehicles–passenger cars (LTV–PC) side impact crashes.Outcome measuresDistribution of MAIS 3–6 injured occupants by body regions and specific location of damage (lateral direction, horizontal direction and vertical direction) were examined. Injury risk ratio was also assessed.ResultsThe lateral crush zone contributed to MAIS 3–6 injured occupants (n=705) and 50th centile injury risks when extended into zone 3. When the crush extended to zone 4, the injury risk ratio of MAIS 3–6 injured occupants approached 81%. The horizontal crush zones contributing to the highest injury risk ratio of MAIS 3–6 occupants were zones ‘D’ and ‘Y’, and the injury risk ratios were 25.4% and 36.9%, respectively. In contrast, the lowest injury risk ratio was 5.67% caused by zone ‘B’. The vertical crush zone which contributed to the highest injury risk ratio of MAIS 3–6 occupants was zone ‘E’, whose injury risk ratio was 58%. In contrast, the lowest injury risk ratio was 0.14% caused by zone ‘G+M’.ConclusionsThe highest injury risk ratio of MAIS 3–6 injured occupants caused by crush intrusion between 40 and 60 cm in LTV–PC nearside impact collisions and the damage region of the struck vehicle was in the zones ‘E’ and ‘Y’.