bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parent-Guided Developmental Intervention for Infants With Very Low Birth Weight
Authors: Silveira Rita C. , Valentini Nadia C. , O’Shea T. Michael , Mendes Eliane W. , Froes Graciela , Cauduro Lenir , Panceri Carolina , Fuentefria Rubia N. , Procianoy Renato S. 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceEarly interventions improve neurodevelopmental outcomes after preterm birth, but few studies of early intervention have focused on preterm infants whose families reside in low- or middle-income countries (LMICs).ObjectiveTo evaluate whether parent-guided early intervention improves the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants in an LMIC.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis randomized clinical trial was performed at a high-risk obstetric referral hospital in Brazil, with outcome evaluations by examiners masked to randomization group. Eligibility criteria were (1) birth at the study hospital, (2) residence within 40 km of the birth hospital, and (3) gestational age of less than 32 weeks or birth weight of less than 1500 g. Of 138 enrolled infants, 19 died after randomization and 19 withdrew from the study; all other enrollees (50 per randomization group) were evaluated for the primary outcome. Data were collected from January 1, 2016, to May 31, 2022, and analyzed from June 10 to July 31, 2022.InterventionsOn postnatal day 7, infants were randomized to usual care, consisting of support for lactation, kangaroo care, and routine developmental therapies, or to a parent-guided enhanced developmental intervention, consisting of usual care plus infant massage and enhanced visual stimulation, auditory stimulation, social interactions, and support for motor development, instructed by developmental therapists.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development–Third Edition score at 18 months of age adjusted for prematurity.ResultsAmong the 100 infants included in the analysis, mean (SD) gestational age was 28.4 (2.2) weeks, and 57 (57%) were male. The mean (SD) gestational age for the intervention group was 28.3 (2.3) weeks; for the usual care group, 28.5 (2.2) weeks. Female infants accounted for 21 infants (42%) of the intervention group and 22 (44%) of the usual care group; male infants, 29 (58%) and 28 (56%), respectively. The enhanced developmental intervention group had higher cognitive scores at 18 months of corrected age (mean [SD], 101.8 [11.9] vs 97.3 [13.5]; mean difference, 4.5 [95% CI, 0.1-8.9]).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this randomized clinical trial of a parent-guided developmental intervention for early cognitive function of very preterm or very low birth weight infants implemented in an LMIC, the intervention improved very preterm infants’ neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months of adjusted age. Parent-guided early intervention can improve neurodevelopmental outcome of very preterm infants born in LMICs.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02835612
Seeding roadsides is necessary but not sufficient for restoring native floral communities
Authors: Mitchell Timothy S. , Verhoeven Michael R. , Darst Ashley L. , Patterson Catherine H. , Snell‐Rood Emilie C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The plant community in roadside right‐of‐ways is an important component of transportation infrastructure. Revegetation after construction is an opportunity to improve the plant community and create pollinator habitat. However, native seed mixes are substantially more expensive than those used in conventional roadside plantings, and transportation agencies often lack resources for management.

Here, we compare the actively flowering plant community across a growing season in roadside plots seeded with native seed mixes versus non‐native seed mixes in Minnesota, USA. Plots varied in age from 2 to 20 years old.

We demonstrate that native seeded plots had more native flowering forbs than non‐native seeded plots, as native flowers were rare in the non‐native seeded plots. However, despite some native species establishing well, many species in native seed mixes had poor or non‐existent establishment. Furthermore, the native and non‐native seeded plots converged in the makeup of their floral communities after a few years; part of this pattern is due to colonisation of species that were never seeded at either type of plot.

Practical implication. If the goal of revegetation is to produce diverse, native dominated floral communities in roadsides, agencies must invest more in long‐term management. Managers could also alter seed mixes to remove species that fail to establish, which would reduce the cost of the seed mix, but not the diversity of the plant community that ultimately establishes. The use of such streamlined seed mixes across more land area would increase the availability of pollinator habitat without substantially altering current budgets or management plans.
Clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Chen Ying‐Ying , Hu Shao‐Bo , Su Fei , Yu Fu‐Huan , Chen Ru‐Ao , Cheng Zi‐Xuan , Tan Huang‐Ying 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNeuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a group of rare tumors with strong heterogeneity. Among these tumors, well‐differentiated tumors can have a relatively good survival prognosis, while some tumors can have strong malignant potential and lead to increased mortality. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which has a long history of thousands of years, has been widely used to treat tumors due to its unique advantages, such as economy, efficacy and few side effects. In recent years, the role of TCM in the treatment of NENs has gradually emerged. It can not only help prevent tumor recurrence and reduce the side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy but also relieve symptoms and improve quality of life. Various clinical studies have indicated that TCM has achieved good curative effects at different stages of treatment. We summarized the last 10 years of research progress on the clinical application of TCM in the treatment of NENs from four points of entry, aiming to provide a reference for the treatment of NENs.
Hollow and Porous N‐Doped Carbon Framework as Lithium‐Sulfur Battery Interlayer for Accelerating Polysulfide Redox Kinetics
Authors: Zuo Xintao , Zhen Mengmeng , Liu Dapeng , Fu Lichao , Qiu Yanhui , Liu Huiling , Zhang Yu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLithium‐sulfur batteries (LSBs) have become one of the most powerful candidates for next‐generation battery technologies due to their high theoretical energy density and low cost. However, the notorious shuttle effect of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and sluggish conversion reaction kinetics cause low sulfur utilization and inferior cycle life. Rational catalyst design on hierarchical pore structures and composition optimization is highly desired to realize synergetic enrichment, accommodation, and catalytic redox capacity of sulfur species. In this consideration, the hollow and porous N‐doped carbon framework is prepared, in which Co nanoparticles (NPs) are evenly embedded (denoted as Co‐HMCF) to modulate electron cloud density of carbons. Electrochemical tests and density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that Co‐HMCF could simultaneously deliver superior catalytic activity in accelerating LiPSs conversion as well as Li2S nucleation/decomposition to improve overall sulfur redox kinetics. Consequently, the Co‐HMCF interlayer significantly improves the battery performance, including high discharge capacity output (1538 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C), stable long‐term cycle (0.047% capacity decay per cycle for 800 cycles at 1.0 C), and exceptional rate capacity (582 mAh g−1 at 5.0 C).
Modified Re‐Entrant‐Like (K, Na)NbO3‐Based Relaxors with Superior Electrostrain Properties
Authors: Wang Xin , Sun Xi‐xi , Yang Yuxuan , Hao Xiaodong , Lv Xiang , Zhang Yang , Ma Yinchang , Zhang Xi‐xiang , Wu Haijun , Wu Jiagang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPiezoceramics with large strain output, low hysteresis, and wide operation temperature are indispensable for the high‐end displacement control. Unfortunately, requiring these merits simultaneously remains a long‐standing challenge for lead‐free piezoceramics promising for replacing lead‐based ones. Herein a new strategy to resolve this challenge by developing modified re‐entrant‐like potassium sodium niobate ((K, Na)NbO3, KNN) relaxors is presented. Multi‐scale structural analysis reveals the presence of the significant local disorder, nano‐sized multi‐phase coexistence, and ultra‐fine grains, which facilitate the polarization rotation, effectively eliminate non‐180° domains, and erase polymorphic phase transition features in re‐entrant‐like KNN relaxors. Consequently, a combination of large strain (≈0.19%), ultra‐low hysteresis (<7%), high electrostriction coefficient (Q33 = 0.049 m4 C−2), and benign temperature stability (i.e., strain varies less than 10.6% within 30–120 °C) is realized, superior to other lead‐free relaxors. Therefore, this strategy provides a novel paradigm for designing high‐performance lead‐free piezoceramics used for high‐precision actuators.
High‐Efficiency Multilevel Phase Lenses with Nanostructures on Polyimide Membranes
Authors: Howe Leslie , Rajapaksha Tharindu D. , Ellepola Kalani H. , Ho Vinh X. , Aycock Zachary , Nguyen Minh L. P. , Leckey John P. , Macdonnell Dave G. , Kim Hyun Jung , Vinh Nguyen Q. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe emergence of planar meta‐lenses on flexible materials has profoundly impacted the long‐standing perception of diffractive optics. Despite their advantages, these lenses still face challenges in design and fabrication to obtain high focusing efficiency and resolving power. A nanofabrication technique is demonstrated based on photolithography and polyimide casting for realizing membrane‐based multilevel phase‐type Fresnel zone plates (FZPs) with high focusing efficiency. By employing advantageous techniques, these lenses with nanostructures are directly patterned into thin polyimide membranes. The computational and experimental results have indicated that the focusing efficiency of these nanostructures at the primary focus increases significantly with increasing the number of phase levels. Specifically, 16‐level phase lenses on a polyimide membrane can achieve a focusing efficiency of more than 91.6% of the input signal (9.5 times better than that of a conventional amplitude‐type FZP) and focus light into a diffraction‐limited spot together with very weak side‐lobes. Furthermore, these lenses exhibit considerably reduced unwanted diffraction orders and produce extremely low background signals. The potential impact of these lenses extends across various applications and techniques including microscopy, imaging, micro‐diffraction, remote sensing, and space flight instruments which require lightweight and flexible configurations.
Point‐of‐Care Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Diagnosis Enhanced by Nanostructured Biosensors: Review Paper
Authors: Yang Songlin , Berto Fernanda Gabrigna , Denstedt John , Tang Howyn , Zhang Jin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common nosocomial infection in North America leading to over $12 billion in annual health care costs. UTIs can significantly reduce the quality of life and, in severe cases, result in sepsis and mortality. According to Public Health Ontario, over 80% of long‐term care home (LTCH) residents with asymptomatic bacteriuria are treated with antibiotics, however, less than 50% of the antibiotic treatments for UTIs show clinical benefit. Current confirmatory processes for UTIs are primarily dependent on the completion of urine cultures which can result in a delay of more than 24 h. Therefore, there is a need to develop new efficient diagnostic methods to provide timely test results and prevent multidrug resistance. Emerging nanomaterials with special physical and chemical properties have demonstrated great potential in rapid detection of UTI‐associated bacteria. This review paper provides a thorough analysis of current diagnostic tools for UTIs. Emerging nanostructured biosensors are reviewed to elucidate the most recent progress in the detection of uropathogens. It is believed that advanced biosensors integrated with nanotechnology will contribute to the timely diagnosis of UTIs and improve the accuracy of the results, which will lead to better treatment of this prevalent clinical condition.
Boosting electrocatalytic oxidation of heterocyclic alcohols with low usage aminoxyl radicals via MOF‐derived NiOOH
Authors: Li Kai , Ren Linhan , Li Suiqin , Liu LiHao , He Jiahui , Xu Yinjie , Wang Mengxin , Zhao Shuying , Wang Yuhang , Chen Ying , Wang Jieyu , Zhong Xing , Wang Jianguo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAminoxyl‐mediated electrocatalysis offers a sustainable approach for the oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids. However, the high dosage of aminoxyl radicals and the limiting current density hinder the practicality of industrial application. Herein, a nickel‐based electrocatalyst (Ni‐tpdc) was synthesized on a three‐dimensional porous graphite felt substrate. Taking advantage of the synergistic effect of the electrochemically activated Ni‐tpdc/GF electrocatalyst with 4‐acetamido‐TEMPO, the yield of 4‐pyridinecarboxylic acid was up to 99% with only 1 mol% ACT. A series of in situ measurements showed that NiOOH enhanced the activity of the intrinsic electrocatalyst. In addition, the synergistic system was extended to the oxidation of various heterocyclic alcohols. The scale‐up synthesis of chiral acid (LEV‐CO2H) was achieved in an improved electrolyzer with a yield of 95.4%, enantiomeric retention of 99.2%, and space–time yield of 34.12 kg/m3 h. The practicality and effectiveness of this synergistic electrocatalytic strategy in practical electrosynthesis was further demonstrated.
One‐dimensional kinetic model with novel bubble size equation in molten‐metal bubble column reactors for CH4 pyrolysis
Authors: Le Bang Thanh , Ngo Son Ich , Lim Young‐Il , Lee Uen‐Do 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNon‐oxidative methane pyrolysis produces hydrogen and solid carbon without CO2 in molten‐metal bubble column reactors (MMBCRs). One‐dimensional MMBCR models, which involve bubble hydrodynamics, reactions, heat transfer, and axial dispersion, have been developed for reactor design; however, empirical equations of the mean bubble size derived from bench‐scale experiments have also been used for industrial‐scale MMBCRs. In this study, a novel bubble size equation based on dimensionless numbers was proposed for the bubbling, transient, and slugging flow regimes, which is applicable to both bench‐ and industrial‐scale reactors. Using the MMBCR model coupled with the new bubble size, reaction kinetic parameters were identified for four bench‐scale MMBCRs with Te‐based alloys in the bubbling flow regime. In four industrial‐scale MMBCRs at 980°C, belonging to the transient flow regime for an H2 production of 10,000 Nm3/h, the bubble size and methane conversion were approximately 40 mm and under 35%, respectively.
Optical genome mapping improves the accuracy of classification, risk stratification, and personalized treatment strategies for patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Loghavi Sanam , Wei Qing , Ravandi Farhad , Quesada Andres E. , Routbort Mark J. , Hu Shimin , Toruner Gokce A. , Wang Sa A. , Wang Wei , Miranda Roberto N. , Li Shaoying , Xu Jie , DiNardo Courtney D. , Daver Naval , Kadia Tapan M. , Issa Ghayas C. , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Tang Guilin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCytogenomic characterization is crucial for the classification and risk stratification of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), thereby facilitating therapeutic decision‐making. We examined the clinical utility of optical genome mapping (OGM) in 159 AML patients (103 newly diagnosed and 56 refractory/relapsed), all of whom also underwent chromosomal banding analysis (CBA), fluorescence in situ hybridization, and targeted next‐generation sequencing. OGM detected nearly all clinically relevant cytogenetic abnormalities that SCG identified with >99% sensitivity, provided the clonal burden was above 20%. OGM identified additional cytogenomic aberrations and/or provided information on fusion genes in 77 (48%) patients, including eight patients with normal karyotypes and four with failed karyotyping. The most common additional alterations identified by OGM included chromoanagenesis (n = 23), KMT2A partial tandem duplication (n = 11), rearrangements involving MECOM (n = 7), NUP98 (n = 2), KMT2A (n = 2), JAK2 (n = 2), and other gene fusions in 17 patients, with 10 showing novel fusion gene partners. OGM also pinpointed fusion genes in 17 (11%) patients where chromosomal rearrangements were concurrently detected by OGM and CBA. Overall, 24 (15%) aberrations were identified exclusively by OGM and had the potential to alter AML classification, risk stratification, and/or clinical trial eligibility. OGM emerges as a powerful tool for identifying fusion genes and detecting subtle or cryptic cytogenomic aberrations that may otherwise remain undetectable by CBA.
Prevalence, diagnostic features, and medical outcomes of females with Turner syndrome with a trisomy X cell line (45,X/47,XXX): Results from the InsighTS Registry
Authors: Klamut Natalia , Bothwell Samantha , Carl Alexandra E. , Bamba Vaneeta , Law Jennifer R. , Brickman Wendy J. , Klein Karen O. , Kanakatti Shankar Roopa , Pinnaro Catherina T. , Fechner Patricia Y. , Prakash Siddharth K. , Gutmark‐Little Iris , Howell Susan , Tartaglia Nicole , Good Marybel , Ranallo Kelly C. , Davis Shanlee M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTurner syndrome (TS) is defined by partial or complete absence of a sex chromosome. Little is known about the phenotype of individuals with TS mosaic with trisomy X (45,X/47,XXX or 45,X/46,XX/47,XXX) (~3% of TS). We compared the diagnostic, perinatal, medical, and neurodevelopmental comorbidities of mosaic 45,X/47,XXX (n = 35, 9.4%) with nonmosaic 45,X (n = 142) and mosaic 45,X/46,XX (n = 66). Females with 45,X/47,XXX had fewer neonatal concerns and lower prevalence of several TS‐related diagnoses compared with 45,X; however the prevalence of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diagnoses were not different. Compared to females with 45,X/46,XX, the 45,X/47,XXX group was significantly more likely to have structural renal anomalies (18% vs. 3%; p = 0.03). They were twice as likely to have congenital heart disease (32% vs. 15%, p = 0.08) and less likely to experience spontaneous menarche (46% vs. 75% of those over age 10, p = 0.06), although not statistically significant. Congenital anomalies, hypertension, and hearing loss were primarily attributable to a higher proportion of 45,X cells, while preserved ovarian function was most associated with a higher proportion of 46,XX cells. In this large TS cohort, 45,X/47,XXX was more common than previously reported, individuals were phenotypically less affected than those with 45,X, but did have trends for several more TS‐related diagnoses than individuals with 45,X/46,XX.
Multiorgan manifestations of COL4A1 and COL4A2 variants and proposal for a clinical management protocol
Authors: Gasparini Simone , Balestrini Simona , Saccaro Luigi Francesco , Bacci Giacomo , Panichella Giorgia , Montomoli Martino , Cantalupo Gaetano , Bigoni Stefania , Mancano Giorgia , Pellacani Simona , Leuzzi Vincenzo , Volpi Nila , Mari Francesco , Melani Federico , Cavallin Mara , Pisano Tiziana , Porcedda Giulio , Vaglio Augusto , Mei Davide , Barba Carmen , Parrini Elena , Guerrini Renzo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCOL4A1/2 variants are associated with highly variable multiorgan manifestations. Depicting the whole clinical spectrum of COL4A1/2‐related manifestations is challenging, and there is no consensus on management and preventative strategies. Based on a systematic review of current evidence on COL4A1/2‐related disease, we developed a clinical questionnaire that we administered to 43 individuals from 23 distinct families carrying pathogenic variants. In this cohort, we extended ophthalmological and cardiological examinations to asymptomatic individuals and those with only limited or mild, often nonspecific, clinical signs commonly occurring in the general population (i.e., oligosymptomatic). The most frequent clinical findings emerging from both the literature review and the questionnaire included stroke (203/685, 29.6%), seizures or epilepsy (199/685, 29.0%), intellectual disability or developmental delay (168/685, 24.5%), porencephaly/schizencephaly (168/685, 24.5%), motor impairment (162/685, 23.6%), cataract (124/685, 18.1%), hematuria (63/685, 9.2%), and retinal arterial tortuosity (58/685, 8.5%). In oligosymptomatic and asymptomatic carriers, ophthalmological investigations detected retinal vascular tortuosity (5/13, 38.5%), dysgenesis of the anterior segment (4/13, 30.8%), and cataract (2/13, 15.4%), while cardiological investigations were unremarkable except for mild ascending aortic ectasia in 1/8 (12.5%). Our multimodal approach confirms highly variable penetrance and expressivity in COL4A1/2‐related conditions, even at the intrafamilial level with neurological involvement being the most frequent and severe finding in both children and adults. We propose a protocol for prevention and management based on individualized risk estimation and periodic multiorgan evaluations.
Efficacy of acupuncture for allergic rhinitis in children: Systematic review and meta‑analysis with trial sequential analysis
Authors: Xiao Qinwen , Ni Zhichao , Wang Rongyu , Jiang Wen , Yuan Jinyao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcupuncture has been shown for the treatment of allergic rhinitis in previous studies. Nevertheless, relevant evidence was lacked for paediatric patients with allergic rhinitis. We aim to validate the efficacy of acupuncture for allergic rhinitis in children by meta‐analysis and trial sequence analysis.MethodComprehensive search of eight databases were conducted until August 27, 2023. Randomized controlled trials comparing acupuncture alone or in combination with drugs versus medication in children with AR were included. The primary outcome was total nasal symptom score (TNSS). The secondary outcomes were serum immunoglobulin E levels, and relapse rates.ResultsThirteen studies involving 1186 participants were included. In results, acupuncture group (AC group) versus medication group (Med group) shows no significant difference in the treatment of AR in children (risk ratio [RR] = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.97 to 1.24, p = 0.13), while TSA suggested the included sample size did not exceed required information size (RIS). Significant differences were found between the AC + Med group versus the Med group (RR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.17 to 1.42, p < 0.00001), with sufficient sample size. Results in serum IgE after treatment which favored the Med group (MD = 51.94, 95% CI [22.24, 81.65], p = 0.0006). In terms of relapse rate, The AC group had a lower relapse rate than the Med group (RR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.26–0.63, p < 0.0001).ConclusionsAcupuncture is an efficacious treatment for allergic rhinitis in children, but this conclusion might be limited by the generally low quality of evidence. TSA suggested additional high‐quality trials with larger sample sizes and longer treatment durations were needed.