bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring population genetics for mutant mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] lines: Insights from augmented block design
Authors: Rahevar P. M. , Chauhan R. M. , Patel P. T. , Patel M. P. , Bhadauria H. S. , Solanki S. D. , Viradiya Y. A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe current study was initiated to assess mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] mutant lines for yield and their attributes in the mutation generation third (M3) generation using an augmented block design. Note that 1200 mutated mungbean lines were selected from the γ‐irradiated (400–700 Gy) population and distributed into 21 blocks, along with three popular varieties (checks) replicated in each block. To evaluate mean performance, variance, and population genetics, the observations on days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length (cm), protein percentage, seed index, and seed yield (g) were measured and analyzed. All the lines under consideration showed highly significant variations for all the variables, except for days to flowering. Seventy‐nine mutant lines were found to have significantly better yield attributes than checks and are currently being evaluated under station trial. Skewness and kurtosis analysis unveiled the presence of gene interactions, offering opportunities for targeted improvement and efficacy of γ rays as a mutagen, facilitating the release of variability within the population. Future mungbean breeding programs will benefit from the successful isolation of mutant plants with yield‐enhancing traits, such as up to 20 clusters per plant, 71 pods per plant, 8.55 cm pod length, 26.69% protein content (5% higher than parent), and 29 gram seeds per plant. In early selection cycles without the need for replicated trials, this study demonstrated the effectiveness of the mutagen and augmented design in creating novel variations, evaluating and identifying superior genotypes with improved yield potential.
Environment driven changes in type 2 diabetes, overweight and obesity in an isolated Mixe community in the Valley of Oaxaca, southern Mexico
Authors: Little Bert , Escobedo Jorge , Pena Reyes Maria Eugenia , Shakib Shaminul Hoque , O'Brien Liz , Kerber Rich , Velasco Xochitl , Lopez Miguel Cruz , Tillquist Christopher 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study focused on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a group of adult Mixe, an Indigenous population from Oaxaca, Mexico. Mixe comprised an estimated 9.4% (n ≅ 90 000) of the Indigenous population in Oaxaca. Mexico.ObjectiveThis study focused on a group of adult Mixe, an Indigenous population from Oaxaca, Mexico. To compare the prevalence of T2DM, overweight (OW), obesity (OB), and hypertension (HTN) between 2007 and 2017 for a small, isolated Mixe community in the Valley of Oaxaca, Mexico. We test whether or not environmental changes have affected T2DM prevalence.Methods and MaterialsDemographic and medical record data were collected in the community in 2007 and 2017 from the medical clinic and the mayor's office. T2DM was medically diagnosed among adults (>34 years old), in 2007 (n = 730) and in 2017 (n = 829).ResultsT2DM crude prevalence increased from 6.7% to 12.1% (p < .001) from 2007 to 2017. The mean age of the sample analyzed was 60.6 (SD = 9.7). Age‐adjusted T2DM prevalence increased from 6.7% to 10.8% (p < .002). T2DM was 5.7%–5.5% among males (p < .53) and 7.1%–13.6% among females (p < .001). Sex‐specific OW and OB simulation studies indicate females had 7% less OW in 2007, and males were unchanged compared with 2017. OB among males and females was significantly higher in 2017 compared with 2007 (increased by 15.2% and 8.3%, males and females, respectively). Sexes combined OW + OB increased 12.7% among males but was unchanged in females (−0.5%). In the sexes combined analysis, OW prevalence increased 12.7% to 27.1% (p < .001) and OB prevalence increased 10.7%–27.9% (p < .001) from 2007 to 2017. HTN did not change significantly from 2007 to 2017 (15.4% and 14.6%, respectively) (p = .63) in adults. Among T2DM individuals, the frequency of HTN was not significantly different in 2007 and 2017 (57.1% and 37%, respectively) (p = .65). Transition to a Western diet consisting of high‐carbohydrate foods occurred at the same time as increased T2DM from 2007 to 2017, with a higher prevalence of T2DM noted among females in 2017.ConclusionsAn increased prevalence of T2DM, OW, and OB but not HTN was observed in the Mixe community from 2007 to 2017 and was associated with the adoption of a high‐carbohydrate Western diet.
There is no sinus without “us”: A randomized controlled study assessing the efficacy of shared decision‐making in the surgical management of chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Li Vivienne , Yousef Andrew , Prajapati Divya , Oca Michael , Gomez Leslie , DeConde Adam S. , Yan Carol H. 
Published: July 2024

Key points
CRS patients exhibit little decision conflict in their choice of pursuing surgery.
Standard counseling alone appears to suffice once patients express an interest in surgery.
Decision aids may increase patient knowledge and improve postoperative care understanding.
Gender‐based linguistic differences in letters of recommendation for rhinology fellowship over time: A dual‐institutional follow‐up study using natural language processing and deep learning
Authors: Vasan Vikram , Cheng Christopher P. , Edalati Shaun , Mandloi Shreya , Lerner David K. , Del Signore Anthony , Schaberg Madeleine , Govindaraj Satish , Rabinowitz Mindy , Nyquist Gurston , Iloreta Alfred Marc 
Published: July 2024

Key points
This follow‐up dual‐institutional and longitudinal study further evaluated for underlying gender biases in LORs for rhinology fellowship.
Explicit and implicit linguistic gender bias was found, heavily favoring male applicants
Targeting Mitochondrial Guanine Quadruplexes for Photoactivatable Chemotherapy in Hypoxic Environments
Authors: Holden Lorcan , Curley Rhianne C. , Avella Giuseppe , Long Conor , Keyes Tia E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA first example of a mitochondrial G‐quadruplex (mitoG4s) targeted Ru(II) photooxidant complex is reported. The complex, Ru‐TAP‐PDC3 induces photodamage toward guanine quadruplexes (G4s) located in the mitochondrial genome under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. Ru‐TAP‐PDC3 shows high affinity for mitoG4s and localises within mitochondria of live HeLa cells. Immunolabelling with anti‐G4 antibody, BG4, confirms Ru‐TAP‐PDC3 associates with G4s within the mitochondria of fixed cells. The complex induces depletion of mtDNA in live cells under irradiation at 405 nm, confirmed by loss of PicoGreen signal from mitochondria. Biochemical studies confirm this process induces apoptosis. The complex shows low dark toxicity and an impressive phototoxicity index (PI) of >89 was determined in Hela under very low intensity irradiation, 5 J/cm2. The phototoxicity is thought to operate through both Type II singlet oxygen and Type III pathways depending on normoxic or hypoxic conditions, from live cell assays and plasmid DNA cleavage. Overall, we demonstrate targeting mitoG4s and mtDNA with a photooxidant is a potent route to achieving apoptosis under hypoxic conditions that can be extended to phototherapy.
A Four‐Coordinate Pr4+ Imidophosphorane Complex
Authors: Boggiano Andrew C. , Chowdhury Sabyasachi Roy , Roy Michael D. , Bernbeck Maximilian G. , Greer Samuel M. , Vlaisavljevich Bess , La Pierre Henry S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe imidophosphorane ligand, [NPtBu3]− (tBu=tert‐butyl), enables isolation of a pseudo‐tetrahedral, tetravalent praseodymium complex, [Pr4+(NPtBu3)4] (1‐Pr), which is characterized by a suite of physical characterization methods including single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, electron paramagnetic resonance, and L3‐edge X‐ray near‐edge spectroscopies. Variable‐temperature direct‐current magnetic susceptibility data, supported by multiconfigurational quantum chemical calculations, demonstrate that the electronic structure diverges from the isoelectronic Ce3+ analogue, driven by increased crystal field. The four‐coordinate environment around Pr4+ in 1‐Pr, which is unparalleled in reported extended solid systems, provides a unique opportunity to study the interplay between crystal field splitting and spin‐orbit coupling in a molecular tetravalent lanthanide within a pseudo‐tetrahedral coordination geometry.
Unbiased Photoelectrochemical H2O2 Coupled to H2 Production via Dual Sb2S3‐Based Photoelectrodes with Ultralow Onset Potential
Authors: Wang Lei , Guo Fei , Ren Shijie , Gao Rui‐Ting , Wu Limin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe productions of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydrogen (H2) in a photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting cell suffer from an onset potential that limits solar conversion efficiencies. Moreover, the formation of H2O2 through two‐electron PEC water oxidation reaction competes with four‐electron oxidation evolution reaction. Herein, we developed the surface selenium doped antimony trisulfide photoelectrode with the integrated ruthenium cocatalyst (Ru/Sb2(S,Se)3) to achieve the low onset potential and high Faraday efficiency (FE) for selective H2O2 production. The photoanode exhibits an outstanding average FE of 85 % in the potential range of 0.4–1.6 VRHE and the H2O2 yield of 1.01 μmol cm−2 min−1 at 1.6 VRHE, especially at low potentials of 0.1–0.55 VRHE with 80.4 % FE. Impressively, an unassisted PEC system that employs light and electrolyte was constructed to simultaneously produce H2O2 and H2 production on both the Ru/Sb2(S,Se)3 photoanode and the Pt/TiO2/Sb2S3 photocathode. The integrated system enables the average PEC H2O2 production rate of 0.637 μmol cm−2 min−1 without applying any addition bias. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that Sb2S3‐based photoelectrodes exhibit H2O2/H2 two‐side production with a strict key factor of the system, which represents its powerful platform to achieve high efficiency and productivity and the feasibility to facilitate value‐added products in neutral conditions.
Library resources constraints, frustration, and user behavior: An empirical library operations study
Authors: Aryee Raphael , Apronti Tetteh Evelyn Ogboo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeThe lack of requisite library resources has an enormous effect on academic life in most universities. While previous studies have suggested that the lack of resources such as textbooks affects academic success, this study seeks to provide empirical evidence on the chain effect of the lack of recommended textbooks in universities.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses a quantitative dataset from 636 students from five public universities in Ghana collected using well‐structured questionnaires. The study adopts exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM) to analyze the measurement and structural models.FindingsThe study concludes that limited library resources (such as recommended textbooks) frustrate library users and eventually birth antisocial behaviors such as stealing, hiding, and eroding books (or pages).Originality/valueThis study highlights the significance of providing adequate library resources. It also guides library managers, policymakers, and scholars to manage library resources effectively.
Mitigating excessive financialization or promoting innovation? Productivity effects of China's carbon emission trading scheme
Authors: Qu Fang , She Wensen , Li Ding , Zheng Biao , Albitar Khaldoon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe success of the carbon emissions trading scheme (ETS) in fostering a mutually beneficial outcome for both the economy and the environment depends on its ability to enhance total factor productivity (TFP). We investigate the diverse implementation of this market‐based environmental policy across Chinese provinces using a staggered Difference‐in‐Differences model. Our study delves into the mechanisms of the ETS, particularly focusing on financialization and innovation, utilizing listed companies in Chinese stock markets as our research sample spanning from 2009 to 2022. Our analysis shows several key findings: (1) ETS facilitates the growth of TFP in micro‐firms, positively influencing other listed companies within the same sector and city. However, its impact on TFP is notably weaker in regions with robust environmental information disclosure and stringent environmental regulations. (2) The ETS helps alleviate resource misallocation stemming from excessive financialization of firms, prompting them to reallocate investments from financing activities to production and operation activities, thus enhancing TFP. (3) Contrary to expectations, the ETS does not directly influence TFP through enhancing firm innovation ability; instead, it encourages directed technical innovation toward green technology over digital technology. This study highlights the effectiveness of the ETS in promoting firm development and sheds light on resource management practices within firms.
Mechanochemically Synthesized RuO2‐Doped LaMnO3 Perovskites as Bifunctional Cathodes for Rechargeable Zn/Air Batteries
Authors: Jejen Katherine , Santos Florencio , López Cascales J. J. , Fernández Romero Antonio J. , Palazon Francisco 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHerein, we have developed LaMnO3 (LMO) perovskite‐based electrocatalysts of oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions (ORR and OER) in a basic aqueous solution. Mechanochemical grinding and thermal annealing leads to highly‐pure perovskites as shown by X‐ray diffraction. This methodology also allows doping the LMO perovskite with RuO2, thus improving its catalytic activity, especially the oxygen evolution reaction. ORR have been analyzed by rotating ring‐disk electrode (RRDE). Eventually, these catalysts are employed in Zn/air batteries resulting in specific capacity values of 12.76 Ahg−1 at 1 Ag−1, when LMO‐RuO2 (LMO−Ru) was used as catalyst in the positive electrodes. Besides, high operational stability of Zn/air batteries for over 100 cycles was obtained, saving 1.46 mWh per cycle when LMO−Ru was used with respect to pure LMO.
Sustainable Production of Dialkoxymethane Ethers and Related Acetals Using CO2, H2 and Alcohols or Diols
Authors: Adam Rosa , Cabrero‐Antonino Jose R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDialkoxymethane (DAM) ethers, so‐called oxymethylene ethers (OMEs), are compounds constituted by a CH2‐unit bound to two identical alkoxy substituents. These compounds have showcased interesting technological applications as fuel additives or fuels, as a consequence of their interesting properties such as their low vapor pressure, high viscosity, cetane number and oxygen content. Moreover, they are also employed as environmentally‐benign solvents and bulk compounds useful in fine‐chemical industry. In addition, DAM ethers are considered formaldehyde surrogates. Industrially, dimethoxymethane (DMM) is still produced via two‐step protocol involving toxic formaldehyde that consists of a first step of methanol oxidation (Formox process). Hence, the development of more sustainable protocols for their synthesis is highly desired. Among the different strategies reported for DAM synthesis, its production from CO2/H2 and alcohols constitutes a practical, green and attractive alternative route. In this concept, a careful discussion of the developed catalytic protocols for synthesizing DAM from CO2/H2 or formic acid/H2 and alcohols/diols will be summarized. A special emphasis will be performed on the reaction mechanisms involved and the catalyst nature design and characterization.
How Can the Diterpene Synthase CotB2V80L Alter the Product Profile?
Authors: Himpich Stephanie , Ringel Marion , Schwartz Renana , Dimos Nicole , Driller Ronja , Helmer Carl P. O. , Kumar Gupta Prashant , Haack Martina , Thomas Major Dan , Brück Thomas , Loll Bernhard 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStructural diversity of diterpenes is mediated by the enigmatic family of diterpene synthases. The overall enzymatic contribution hereby lies in a carefully concerted chemistry of highly reactive carbocation intermediates mainly guided by aromatic and polar amino acid side chains and the pyrophosphate cofactor. To date several studies aimed to shed light on the mechanism underlining terpene synthases chemistry. Specifically, the diterpene synthase CotB2 serves as model enzyme for detailed mutagenesis studies. Here we investigate the catalytic mechanism of CotB2 variant V80L in a holistic, biochemical, structural, and computational biology approach. We were able to identify an altered product profile compared to CotB2WT for the substrates geranylgeranyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate. Moreover, we solved the crystal structure, and shed further light on terpene synthase chemistry by modelling of the substrate and intermediate binding.
Nonpyrolytic Fe−N−C/Fe2O3 Heterostructure with RuO2‐Like OER Activity Synthesized via Polyacrylonitrile‐Derived Conjugated Pyridinic‐Nitrogen‐Carbon Sheet
Authors: Appiah‐Ntiamoah Richard , Kim Hern 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPyrolytic single Fe atom‐nitrogen‐carbon materials (Fe−N−C) and their derivatives are excellent catalysts for electrochemical oxygen reduction reactions. However, they exhibit poor oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity due to non‐optimal Fe−O* bonding. This limitation is overcome via electronic structure modulation (i. e., tuning the heteroatom type, concentration, and location within Fe's n≥1 coordination sphere). However, the methods used are complex and energy‐intensive (i. e., 1000 to 1200 °C) raising concerns about reproducibility and cost. This study introduces a method for synthesizing nonpyrolytic Fe−N−C/Fe2O3 composites with similar electronic structure modulation as pyrolytic Fe−N−C and OER activity akin to commercial RuO2. The methodology involves doping low‐melting hydrated Fe‐salts in electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber to catalyze its transformation into conjugated pyridinic‐N‐rich graphite‐like sheets (i. e., N−C) at 300 °C. N−C chelate effectively with oxygen‐vacant (Ov)‐rich Fe atoms derived from Fe2O3 NPs resulting in Fe−N−C/Fe2O3 heterostructures. The Fe2O3 coupling effectively tunes Fe−N−C's electronic structure via Ov modulation. Consequently, the Fermi and d‐orbital energy levels are optimized leading to partial filling of the antibonding states, optimal Fe−O* bonding, high electrochemically active surface area, and OER activity. Because Fe−N−C /Fe2O3 is synthesized at 300 °C using well‐established techniques, its complexity and cost are favorable compared to pyrolytic Fe−N−C materials.
Economic Optimization of Internal Thermally Coupled Air Separation Column Configurations
Authors: Hamid Hamedalneel Babiker Aboh , Liu Xinggao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn internal thermally coupled air separation column (ITCASC) process is an effective energy‐saving technology in the air separation process. However, a large economic investment is a crucial factor for the widespread use of this technology in practical applications. In this article, an alternative configuration design, namely, top‐integrated (T‐ITCASC), bottom‐integrated (B‐ITCASC), and top‐bottom‐integrated ITCASC (T‐B‐ITCASC) with a focus on energy savings and economic feasibility are studied. A rigorous optimization based on a nonlinear interior‐point algorithm was developed by integrating the dynamic model into the optimization formulation. In the context of ITCASC process design and optimization, numerical simulations demonstrated that T‐ITCASC, B‐ITCASC, and T‐B‐ITCASC configurations improved energy‐saving potential and reduced capital investment, compared to the F‐ITCASC and conventional air separation column (CASC) configurations. Among these optimized configurations, the T‐B‐ITCASC configuration is preferred.
Association of clonal hematopoiesis and mosaic chromosomal alterations with solid malignancy incidence and mortality
Authors: Desai Pinkal , Zhou Ying , Grenet Justin , Handelman Samuel K. , Crispino Cynthia M. , Tarbay Laura N. , Whitsel Eric A. , Roboz Gail , Barac Ana , Honigberg Michael , Bick Alexander , Anderson Garnet , Wactawski‐Wende Jean , Jakubek Swartzlander Yasminka A. , Bacon Jason , Wong Justin , Ma Xiaolong , Scheet Paul , Li Zichan , Kasi Pashtoon , Prentice Ross , Auer Paul , Manson JoAnn E. , Reiner Alexander , Simon Michael 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding the impact of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) and mosaic chromosomal alterations (mCAs) on solid tumor risk and mortality can shed light on novel cancer pathways.MethodsThe authors analyzed whole genome sequencing data from the Trans‐Omics for Precision Medicine Women’s Health Initiative study (n = 10,866). They investigated the presence of CHIP and mCA and their association with the development and mortality of breast, lung, and colorectal cancers.ResultsCHIP was associated with higher risk of breast (hazard ratio [HR], 1.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–1.64; p = .02) but not colorectal (p = .77) or lung cancer (p = .32). CHIP carriers who developed colorectal cancer also had a greater risk for advanced‐stage (p = .01), but this was not seen in breast or lung cancer. CHIP was associated with increased colorectal cancer mortality both with (HR, 3.99; 95% CI, 2.41–6.62; p < .001) and without adjustment (HR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.32–4.72; p = .004) for advanced‐stage and a borderline higher breast cancer mortality (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 0.98–2.41; p = .06). Conversely, mCA (cell fraction [CF] >3%) did not correlate with cancer risk. With higher CFs (mCA >5%), autosomal mCA was associated with increased breast cancer risk (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.06–1.83; p = .01). There was no association of mCA (>3%) with breast, colorectal, or lung mortality except higher colon cancer mortality (HR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.11–4.3; p = .02) with mCA >5%.ConclusionsCHIP and mCA (CF >5%) were associated with higher breast cancer risk and colorectal cancer mortality individually. These data could inform on novel pathways that impact cancer risk and lead to better risk stratification.
Update in the management of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Sedlack Andrew J. H. , Varghese Diana Grace , Naimian Amirkia , Yazdian Anari Pouria , Bodei Lisa , Hallet Julie , Riechelmann Rachel P. , Halfdanarson Thor , Capdevilla Jaume , Del Rivero Jaydira 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNeuroendocrine neoplasms are a diverse group of neoplasms that can occur in various areas throughout the body. Well‐differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) most often arise in the gastrointestinal tract, termed gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP‐NETs). Although GEP‐NETs are still uncommon, their incidence and prevalence have been steadily increasing over the past decades. The primary treatment for GEP‐NETs is surgery, which offers the best chance for a cure. However, because GEP‐NETs are often slow‐growing and do not cause symptoms until they have spread widely, curative surgery is not always an option. Significant advances have been made in systemic and locoregional treatment options in recent years, including peptide‐receptor radionuclide therapy with α and β emitters, somatostatin analogs, chemotherapy, and targeted molecular therapies.