bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid immuno‐SERS microscopy for tissue imaging with single‐nanoparticle sensitivity
Authors: Salehi Mohammad , Steinigeweg Dennis , Ströbel Philipp , Marx Alexander , Packeisen Jens , Schlücker Sebastian 
Published: December 2012

AbstractImmuno‐SERS microscopy is a novel imaging technique in nano‐biophotonics, which employs antibodies labeled with SERS‐active nanoparticles in conjunction with Raman microscopy. Rapid data acquisition is of central importance for screening large areas of tissue specimens. Here, we first discuss the role of SERS labels with single‐particle sensitivity in immuno‐SERS microscopy, in particular with respect to false‐negative results. In combined single‐particle experiments (SERS microscopy/dark‐field microscopy/HR‐SEM), we then demonstrate that small glass‐coated clusters (dimers and trimers) of gold nanospheres exhibit the desired single‐particle SERS sensitivity, even at acquisition times as short as 30 msec per pixel, while monomers do not. The proof‐of‐concept for rapid immuno‐SERS microscopy with 30 msec acquisition time per pixel for selective imaging of the p53 family member p63 in prostate tissue sections is demonstrated. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Efficient implementation of restricted active space configuration interaction with the hole and particle approximation
Authors: Casanova David 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe restricted active space configuration interaction (RASCI) formalism with the hole and particle truncation of the wavefunction, that is, RASCI(h,p), holds very nice properties such as balanced treatment of ground and low‐lying excited states, spin‐completeness, large flexibility of the wavefunction, and moderate computational cost. In this article, I present a new implementation of the RASCI(h,p) method using a general algorithm based on the integral‐driven approach. The new implementation allows to choose any electronic configuration as the single reference in combination with an excitation operator with any number of ionization, electron attachment, or spin‐flip (SF) excitations. The applicability and good performance of the new computational code is tested in the ground state calculation of water molecule with increasingly large active spaces and up to the full‐CI limit, the calculation of all‐trans linear polyenes with variable number of SF excitations, and the low‐lying states of fluorine molecule with a double‐ionization potential operator. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Membrane protein native state discrimination by implicit membrane models
Authors: Yuzlenko Olga , Lazaridis Themis 
Published: December 2012

AbstractFour implicit membrane models [IMM1, generalized Born (GB)‐surface area‐implicit membrane (GBSAIM), GB with a simple switching (GBSW), and heterogeneous dielectric GB (HDGB)] were tested for their ability to discriminate the native conformation of five membrane proteins from 450 decoys generated by the Rosetta‐Membrane program. The energy ranking of the native state and Z‐scores were used to assess the performance of the models. The effect of membrane thickness was examined and was found to be substantial. Quite satisfactory discrimination was achieved with the all‐atom IMM1 and GBSW models at 25.4 Å thickness and with the HDGB model at 28.5 Å thickness. The energy components by themselves were not discriminative. Both van der Waals and electrostatic interactions contributed to native state discrimination, to a different extent in each model. Computational efficiency of the models decreased in the order: extended‐atom IMM1 > all‐atom IMM1 > GBSAIM > GBSW > HDGB. These results encourage the further development and use of implicit membrane models for membrane protein structure prediction. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Exploring the dark side of organizational citizenship behavior
Authors: Bolino Mark C. , Klotz Anthony C. , Turnley William H. , Harvey Jaron 
Published: December 2012

SummaryIn recent years, there has been increasing interest in positive organizational scholarship in general, including positive organizational behavior (POB) in particular. This work identifies organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) as a prototypical POB. Conceptualizing OCBs in this way is sensible in light of more than 30 years of research highlighting the desirable aspects of such behavior. At the same time, some researchers have raised questions about positive organizational scholarship and have called for a more balanced view of ostensibly positive behaviors. The purpose of this paper, then, is to take a more nuanced view of OCBs while highlighting the dark side of citizenship behavior. In doing so, we review conceptual and empirical work that has challenged the idea that OCBs are inherently positive. We also discuss research that seeks to develop a deeper understanding of the conditions under which OCB does more harm than good. Finally, important areas for future research and the practical realities facing scholars who seek to publish research investigating the dark side of citizenship are addressed as well. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Launching a new middle donor programme and making it work
Authors: Armson Meriel , McKenzie Angharad 
Published: December 2012

In 2009, WaterAid identified an opportunity. The opportunity was to create a middle donor programme with the objective of raising a significantly higher net contribution from existing supporters who fell between the mass Direct Marketing programme and the bespoke Major Donor programme. This paper provides a step by step guide to anyone considering launching or redefining their organisation's approach to middle donors. It describes the creation of the business case, development and implementation of an operational plan and, most importantly, provides top tips based on the lessons WaterAid learned as we put theory into practice.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
First‐trimester uterine artery Doppler velocimetry in the prediction of birth weight in a low‐risk population
Authors: Sarmiento Andres , Casasbuenas Alexandra , Rodriguez Nadiezhda , Angarita Ana M. , Sarmiento Piedad , Sepulveda Waldo 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo study the relationship between first‐trimester uterine artery (UtA) Doppler velocimetry and birth weight in an unselected, low‐risk obstetric population.MethodsThis is a prospective study of 415 low‐risk pregnant women who underwent a first‐trimester ultrasound evaluation between 11 and 13 weeks of gestation. Blood flow velocimetry waveforms from both UtAs were obtained and the pulsatility index (PI) measured and recorded. Clinical records were reviewed for pregnancy outcomes. Birth weight was expressed as z‐scores, and the Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ) was used to calculate the relationship between the mean, delta, and lowest UtA PI values and birth weight.ResultsThere was no correlation between the mean and delta UtA PI values and birth weight. However, a significant correlation between the lowest UtA PI value and birth weight (ρ = −0.121; p = 0.013) was noted.ConclusionsOur study found a clinically significant correlation between the lowest UtA PI value and birth weight in an unselected, low‐risk pregnant population. Because fetal growth is a multifactorial process in which placentation is only one of the factors involved, the use of a single parameter such as Doppler velocimetry remote from the delivery to predict birth weight in a low‐risk population seems to be less useful than in the high‐risk population. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Circulating cell‐free fetal DNA for the detection of RHD status and sex using reflex fetal identifiers
Authors: Moise K. J. , Boring N. H. , O'Shaughnessy R. , Simpson L. L. , Wolfe H. M. , Baxter J. K. , Polzin W. , Eddleman K. A. , Hassan S. S. , Skupski D. , McLennan G. , Paladino T. , Oeth P. , Bombard A. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo determine the sensitivity and specificity of circulating cell‐free fetal DNA in determining the fetal RHD status and fetal sex.MethodsMaternal blood was collected in each trimester of pregnancy from RhD negative nonalloimmunized women. Whole blood was centrifuged, separated into plasma and buffy coat, and frozen at –80°C. DNA analysis was conducted via allele‐specific primer extensions for exons 4, 5, and 7 of the RHD gene and for a 37‐base pair insertion in exon 4 (RHD pseudogene; psi) three Y‐chromosome sequences (SRY, DBY, and TTY2), and an extraction control (TGIFL‐like X/Y). RhD serotyping on cord blood and gender assessment of the newborns were entered into a Web‐based database.ResultsOne hundred twenty women were enrolled. The median gestational age at the first venipuncture was 12.4 (range: 10.6–13.9) weeks with 120 samples drawn; 118 samples were drawn at 17.6 (16–20.9) weeks; and 113 samples at 28.7 (27.9–33.9) weeks. Overall accuracy for RHD was 99.1%, 99.1%, and 98.1% for each trimester and was 99.1%, 99.1%, and 100% for fetal sex determination.ConclusionsFetal RHD genotyping and sex can be very accurately determined in all three trimesters using circulating cell‐free fetal DNA in the maternal circulation. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of crowding by Ficolls on OmpA and OmpT refolding and membrane insertion
Authors: Ye Cui , Chai Qian , Zhong Meng , Wei Yinan 
Published: December 2012

AbstractFolding of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) has been studied extensively in vitro. However, most of these studies have been conducted in dilute buffer solution, which is different from the crowded environment in the cell periplasm, where the folding and membrane insertion of OMPs actually occur. Using OmpA and OmpT as model proteins and Ficoll 70 as the crowding agent, here we investigated the effect of the macromolecular crowding condition on OMP membrane insertion. We found that the presence of Ficoll 70 significantly slowed down the rate of membrane insertion of OmpA while had little effect on those of OmpT. To investigate if the soluble domain of OmpA slowed down membrane insertion in the presence of the crowding agent, we created a truncated OmpA construct that contains only the transmembrane domain (OmpA171). In the absence of crowding agent, OmpA171 refolded at a similar rate as OmpA, although with decreased efficiency. However, under the crowding condition, OmpA171 refolded significantly faster than OmpA. Our results suggest that the periplasmic domain slows down the rate, while improves the efficiency, of OmpA folding and membrane insertion under the crowding condition. Such an effect was not obvious when refolding was studied in buffer solution in the absence of crowding.
Linkers in the structural biology of protein–protein interactions
Authors: Reddy Chichili Vishnu Priyanka , Kumar Veerendra , Sivaraman J. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractLinkers or spacers are short amino acid sequences created in nature to separate multiple domains in a single protein. Most of them are rigid and function to prohibit unwanted interactions between the discrete domains. However, Gly‐rich linkers are flexible, connecting various domains in a single protein without interfering with the function of each domain. The advent of recombinant DNA technology made it possible to fuse two interacting partners with the introduction of artificial linkers. Often, independent proteins may not exist as stable or structured proteins until they interact with their binding partner, following which they gain stability and the essential structural elements. Gly‐rich linkers have been proven useful for these types of unstable interactions, particularly where the interaction is weak and transient, by creating a covalent link between the proteins to form a stable protein–protein complex. Gly‐rich linkers are also employed to form stable covalently linked dimers, and to connect two independent domains that create a ligand‐binding site or recognition sequence. The lengths of linkers vary from 2 to 31 amino acids, optimized for each condition so that the linker does not impose any constraints on the conformation or interactions of the linked partners. Various structures of covalently linked protein complexes have been described using X‐ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance and cryo‐electron microscopy techniques. In this review, we evaluate several structural studies where linkers have been used to improve protein quality, to produce stable protein–protein complexes, and to obtain protein dimers.
Robotic‐assisted pancreatic resection: a report of 47 cases
Authors: Zhan Qian , Deng Xia‐Xing , Han Bo , Liu Qin , Shen Bai‐Yong , Peng Cheng‐Hong , Li Hong‐Wei 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackgroundThere are few reports of robot‐assisted pancreatic surgery. Our purpose was to report our surgical and clinical experiences and outcomes of 47 cases of robot‐assisted pancreatic resection to show that minimally invasive pancreatic surgery is both feasible and effective.MethodsThe medical records of 47 patients who underwent robot‐assisted pancreatic resections for adenocarcinoma, cystic tumours or other pancreatic diseases at our institution by a single surgical team from March 2010 to December 2011 were retrospectively analysed.ResultsThere were 32 females and 15 males with a mean age of 48.7 ± 15.4 years, of whom 13 patients had pathologically diagnosed malignancies, 25 had cystic tumours or chronic pancreatitis, three had solid pseudopapillary tumours of pancreas, and six had other lesions. Sixteen patients underwent pancreatoduodenectomy, 16 distal pancreatectomies (nine of which had spleen resections), 10 middle pancreatectomies, four Beger's procedure, and one had enucleation of a pancreatic lesion. The mean surgical time was 299.2 ± 133.5 (range 70–540) min and mean blood loss was 431.8 ± 309.0 (range 50–1100) ml. Nine patients required a blood transfusion (mean transfusion volume 597.2 ± 543.3 ml). There were no conversions to laparotomy. The mean hospital stay was 29.4 ± 9.1 (range 8–41) days. Pancreatic fistula occurred in 20 cases, anastomotic bleeding in three patients and anastomotic leakage in one patient. Two patients, one who received a PD and one who received a distal pancreatectomy, required a second surgery. All other complications were resolved with conservative management. Surgical margins were negative in all cases, with a postoperative histopathological diagnosis of malignancy. Eleven of the 13 patients with malignancies were alive and well without recurrence at the time of publication, while two patients died.ConclusionsOur series of 47 robot‐assisted pancreatic resections adds further evidence that this technique is feasible and effective. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interval observer with near optimal adaptation dynamics. Application to the estimation of lipid quota in microalgae
Authors: Mairet Francis , Moisan Marcelo , Bernard Olivier 
Published: December 2012

SUMMARYIn this paper, the design of an interval observer with an adaptive dynamical gain is presented. The observer is formulated in the framework of robust state estimation of uncertain dynamical systems, where an interval that encloses the unknown state variables is provided. For a specific type of interval observer design, an optimal gain could provide the narrowest interval. Because this gain depends on the (unknown) state, it can however not be determined, and only intervals for this optimal gain can be estimated. Here, we propose a strategy to track, with a high gain observer, the optimal gain together with the computation of its derivative. The observer performance is first illustrated with the simple case of an uncertain bioreactor model. Then, we propose the real case of the estimation of microalgal oil in the framework of biofuel production. The proposed observer design, when applied to experimental data of Isochrysis affinis galbana, appears to be a suitable robust estimation technique. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integration-Free Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Model Genetic and Neural Developmental Features of Down Syndrome Etiology
Authors: Briggs James A. , Sun Jane , Shepherd Jill , Ovchinnikov Dmitry A. , Chung Tung-Liang , Nayler Sam P. , Kao Li-Pin , Morrow Carl A. , Thakar Nilay Y. , Soo Set-Yen , Peura Teija , Grimmond Sean , Wolvetang Ernst J. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractDown syndrome (DS) is the most frequent cause of human congenital mental retardation. Cognitive deficits in DS result from perturbations of normal cellular processes both during development and in adult tissues, but the mechanisms underlying DS etiology remain poorly understood. To assess the ability of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to model DS phenotypes, as a prototypical complex human disease, we generated bona fide DS and wild-type (WT) nonviral iPSCs by episomal reprogramming. DS iPSCs selectively overexpressed chromosome 21 genes, consistent with gene dosage, which was associated with deregulation of thousands of genes throughout the genome. DS and WT iPSCs were neurally converted at &gt;95% efficiency and had remarkably similar lineage potency, differentiation kinetics, proliferation, and axon extension at early time points. However, at later time points DS cultures showed a twofold bias toward glial lineages. Moreover, DS neural cultures were up to two times more sensitive to oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, and this could be prevented by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. Our results reveal a striking complexity in the genetic alterations caused by trisomy 21 that are likely to underlie DS developmental phenotypes, and indicate a central role for defective early glial development in establishing developmental defects in DS brains. Furthermore, oxidative stress sensitivity is likely to contribute to the accelerated neurodegeneration seen in DS, and we provide proof of concept for screening corrective therapeutics using DS iPSCs and their derivatives. Nonviral DS iPSCs can therefore model features of complex human disease in vitro and provide a renewable and ethically unencumbered discovery platform.
Reinigung von Vakuumbauteilen für UHV‐ und UCV‐Anwendungen
Authors: Posth Oliver , Wunderlich Heiko , Flämmich Michael , Bergner Ute 
Published: December 2012

AbstractHochreine Vakuumkomponenten und ‐baugruppen bilden die Grundlage für eine Reihe moderner Hochtechnologieanwendungen z. B. in der Halbleiterindustrie, an Teilchenbeschleunigern und in der Oberflächenanalytik. Für diese Anwendungen sind insbesondere auf den Bauteiloberflächen anhaftende Partikel und die Oberflächendesorption von Wasser und organischen Verbindungen kritisch, da sie die sensiblen Prozesse im Ultrahochvakuum (UHV) und Ultra‐Clean‐Vacuum (UCV) empfindlich stören können.In diesem Beitrag werden einige etablierte Reinigungs‐ und Oberflächenbehandlungsmethoden im Hinblick auf ihre Wirkung zur Reduzierung der Partikelkontamination und Ausgasung von Wasser und organischen Verbindungen von Edelstahloberflächen diskutiert. Dabei wird verdeutlicht, dass die erzielte Reinheit stark von den Behandlungsschritten während der Oberflächenbearbeitung und anschließenden Reinigung abhängt und diese entsprechend der spezifischen Anforderungen des späteren Einsatzgebietes geeignet gewählt werden müssen.
Alternate attractors in the population dynamics of a tree‐killing bark beetle
Authors: Martinson Sharon J. , Ylioja Tiina , Sullivan Brian T. , Billings Ronald F. , Ayres Matthew P. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAmong the most striking changes in ecosystems are those that happen abruptly and resist return to the original condition (i.e., regime shifts). This frequently involves conspicuous changes in the abundance of one species (e.g., an oubreaking pest or keystone species). Alternate attractors in population dynamics could explain switches between low and high levels of abundance, and could underlie some cases of regime shifts in ecosystems; this longstanding theoretical possibility has been difficult to test in nature. We compared the ability of an alternate attractors model versus two competing models to explain population fluctuations in the tree‐killing bark beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis. Frequency distributions of abundance were distinctly bimodal, a prediction of the alternate attractors model, strongly indicating the lack of a single, noisy equilibrium. Time series abundance data refuted the existence of strong delayed density‐dependence or nonlinearities, as required by the endogenous cycles model. The model of alternate attractors was further supported by the existence of positive density‐dependence at intermediate beetle abundances. Experimental manipulations show that interactions with competitors and shared enemies could create a locally stable equilibrium in small populations of D. frontalis. High variation among regions and years in the abundance of predators and competitors could permit switches between alternate states. Dendroctonus frontalis now provides the strongest case that we know of for alternate attractors in natural population dynamics. The accompanying demographic instability appears to underlie spatially extensive outbreaks that have lasting impacts on forest ecosystems. Understanding feedbacks in populations with alternate attractors can help to identify thresholds underlying regime shifts, and potentially manage them to avoid undesirable impacts.
Genetic characterisation of a porcine bocavirus detected in domestic pigs in Uganda
Authors: Blomström Anne-Lie , Ståhl Karl , Okurut Ademun Rose , Masembe Charles , Berg Mikael 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Porcine bocaviruses (PoBoVs) are small linear ssDNA viruses belonging to the genus bocavirus in the family Parvoviridae. The genome encodes four proteins—the non-structural protein 1 (NS1), the NP1 protein (unknown function) and the two structural proteins VP1 and VP2. In recent years, a number of different highly divergent PoBoV species have been discovered. PoBoVs have been shown to be present in pig populations in Europe, Asia and in the United States of America. In this study, we present the first data of the presence of PoBoV in Africa, specifically in Uganda. A PCR targeting a PoBoV species that have previously been detected in both Sweden and China was used to screen 95 serum samples from domestic pigs in Uganda. Two pigs were found to be positive for this specific PoBoV and the complete coding region was amplified from one of these samples. The amino acid sequence comparison of all these proteins showed a high identity (98–99 %) to the published Chinese sequences (strains: H18 and SX) belonging to the same PoBoV species. The same was true for the Swedish sequences from the same species. To the other PoBoV species the divergence was higher and only a 28–43 % protein sequence identity was seen comparing the different proteins.
Depression and risk factors for depression among mothers of sick infants in Kumasi, Ghana
Authors: Gold Katherine J. , Spangenberg Kathryn , Wobil Priscilla , Schwenk Thomas L. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the prevalence of and risk factors for depression in a high‐risk population of mothers of ill newborns in Ghana.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with women who had a hospitalized newborn at a tertiary teaching hospital in Kumasi, Ghana. Surveys included information on maternal demographics, pregnancy and delivery, interpersonal violence, and social support. Postpartum depression was measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)‐9. Bivariable analysis was conducted using analysis of variance, χ2, and Fisher exact tests; multivariable analysis was performed using multinomial logistic regression.ResultsIn total, 153 women completed the survey. Fifty (32.7%) had PHQ‐9 scores of 5–9, indicating mild depression; 42 (27.4%) had PHQ‐9 scores of 10–14, indicating moderate depression; and 15 (9.8%) had scores of 15 or higher, indicative of moderate/severe depression. History of interpersonal violence with current partner predicted depression.ConclusionMothers of sick infants in Ghana are at high risk for symptoms of clinical depression. This is of critical importance because maternal depression affects infant health outcomes and may be particularly important for mothers of sick infants.