bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term patterns of stream macroinvertebrates in an alpine cirque landscape
Authors: Robinson Christopher T. , Jolidon Christa , Lods-Crozet Brigitte 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlpine landscapes are notable regarding their sensitivity to environmental change. Surface waters are especially sensitive as many are influenced by glacial meltwaters that are diminishing with the retreat of glaciers worldwide. The Macun Lakes region, Swiss National Park, is an alpine cirque landscape housing a number of lakes interconnected by streams. The area has been non-glaciated for decades, although rock glaciers are still present in the south basin. Surface waters, 10 stream sites in the present study, have been monitored in mid-summer since the year 2001 for physico-chemistry, periphyton and macroinvertebrates (including 74 species of chironomids). Water physico-chemistry revealed that the two main basins in the catchment differed, reflecting the inputs of rock glacier waters in the south basin. However, trends suggest that waters are becoming more similar as rock glacier inputs diminish over time along with a general decrease in nitrogen levels in all waters. Periphyton biomass showed some spatial differences among sites and a general decrease after 2010. Macroinvertebrate assemblages, including chironomids, clearly differed among basins and spatially along the stream network in each basin. Notably, no significant temporal trend was observed in the long-term data for macroinvertebrates, including chironomids, at the monitored sites. The results suggest that lotic macroinvertebrates may be buffered by the interconnectedness of streams and lakes in the landscape, which mitigates major response patterns of running waters to environmental change.
Segmental Acupuncture for Prevention of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections. A Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Ots Thomas , Gold Daniela , Ziller Paul , Kuenzer Thomas , Dalpiaz Orietta , Pesto Lejla , Trutnovsky Gerda 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction and Hypothesis
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common medical problem and prophylaxis of recurrent UTIs is an ongoing clinical challenge. In the present study we examined whether acupuncture is able to prevent recurrent UTIs in women.

Methods
This multicentre randomised controlled trial, based at a University clinic and private acupuncture clinics, recruited women suffering from recurrent uncomplicated UTIs. Participants were randomised to the acupuncture group or control group. Acupuncture therapy consisted of 12 treatments over a period of 18 weeks, using a set of predefined body and ear acupuncture points. Cranberry products were recommended to all participants as standard of care.

Results
A total of 137 women were randomised (68 acupuncture, 69 control group) and occurrence of UTIs at 6 and 12 months could be assessed in 123 and 120 women respectively. Acupuncture combined with cranberry slightly increased the proportion of UTI-free women compared with cranberry alone at 6 months (59% vs 46%, p = 0.2). Between 6 and 12 months the proportion of UTI-free women was significantly higher in the acupuncture group (66 vs 45%, p = 0.03). The number of UTIs decreased from baseline to 12 months in both study groups. The number of UTIs at 12 months was significantly lower in the acupuncture group (median difference 1, p = 0.01).

Conclusions
Segmental acupuncture may be an effective treatment option for women with recurrent UTIs over a longer follow-up period and may limit antibiotics use. Further studies are needed.
Nitrogen fixation rate and phosphorus enrichment effects on diazotrophic cyanobacteria in the Gulf of Riga
Authors: Liepina-Leimane Ineta , Barda Ieva , Jurgensone Iveta , Labucis Atis , Baraskova Lubova , Aigars Juris 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn eutrophied marine systems such as the Baltic Sea, diazotrophic cyanobacteria have the potential to add additional bioavailable nitrogen (N) to the system through fixation of atmospheric dinitrogen (N2). However, their growth is regarded to be limited by phosphorus availability (P). This study investigates the response of two cyanobacteria species, Aphanizomenon flosaquae and Nodularia spumigena, collected from the Gulf of Riga under different environmental conditions to a short-period dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) enrichment. The samples were collected during the summer cyanobacterial bloom of 2022 in the central region of the Gulf of Riga. Contrary to expectations, neither species demonstrated a significant increase in biomass. The study also established that N2-fixation rates did not correlate directly with the total diazotrophic cyanobacteria biomass, but showed a significant correlation with heterocyst presence in both species addressed during this study. The findings suggest the influence of additional factors beyond DIP availability on the N2-fixing cyanobacteria growth in the Gulf of Riga.
Drug administration via feeding tubes—a procedure that carries risks: systematic identification of critical factors based on commonly administered drugs in a cohort of stroke patients
Authors: Sommerfeldt Jana , Sartorius Hannes , von Sarnowski Bettina , Klein Sandra , Ritter Christoph A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Drug administration via feeding tubes is considered a process with many uncertainties. This review aimed to give a comprehensive overview of data available on feeding tube application and to carry out risk assessments for drug substances commonly administered to stroke patients.

Methods
Drugs frequently administered via feeding tubes were identified through a retrospective analysis of discharge letters from a stroke unit. Physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and stability properties of these drugs and data on drug-enteral nutrition interactions were systematically searched for in the European Pharmacopoeia, Hagers Handbook of Pharmaceutical Practice, Birchers clinical-pharmacological data compilation, and the Martindale Complete Drug Reference, as well as from databases including DrugBank, DrugDex, PubChem, Google Scholar, and PubMed.

Results
Of the drugs most commonly administered via feeding tubes in the present stroke patient cohort, bisoprolol, candesartan, and ramipril could be considered the least critical due to their overall favourable properties. Acetylsalicylic acid, amlodipine, hydrochlorothiazide, omeprazole and esomeprazole, simvastatin, and torasemide pose risks based on pH or light-dependent instability or proposed food effects. The most critical drugs to be administered via feeding tubes are considered to be furosemide, levodopa, and levothyroxine as they show relevant instabilities under administration conditions and substantial food effects; the latter two even possess a narrow therapeutic index. However, little information is available on drug-tube and drug-formula interactions.

Conclusion
Feeding tube administration of medications turned out to be a highly complex process with several unmet risks. Therefore, investigations that systematically assess these risk factors using clinically relevant model systems are urgently needed.
Targeting Fn14 as a therapeutic target for cachexia reprograms the glycolytic pathway in tumour and brain in mice
Authors: Burvenich Ingrid Julienne Georgette , Osellame Laura Danielle , Rigopoulos Angela , Huynh Nhi , Cao Zhipeng , Hoogenraad Nicholas Johannes , Scott Andrew Mark 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Cachexia is a complex syndrome characterized by unintentional weight loss, progressive muscle wasting and loss of appetite. Anti-Fn14 antibody (mAb 002) targets the TWEAK receptor (Fn14) in murine models of cancer cachexia and can extend the lifespan of mice by restoring the body weight of mice. Here, we investigated glucose metabolic changes in murine models of cachexia via [18F]FDG PET imaging, to explore whether Fn14 plays a role in the metabolic changes that occur during cancer cachexia.

Methods
[18F]FDG PET/MRI imaging was performed in cachexia-inducing tumour models versus models that do not induce cachexia. SUVaverage was calculated for all tumours via volume of interest (VOI) analysis of PET/MRI overlay images using PMOD software.

Results
[18F]FDG PET imaging demonstrated increased tumour and brain uptake in cachectic versus non-cachectic tumour-bearing mice. Therapy with mAb 002 was able to reduce [18F]FDG uptake in tumours (P < 0.05, n = 3). Fn14 KO tumours did not induce body weight loss and did not show an increase in [18F]FDG tumour and brain uptake over time. In non-cachectic mice bearing Fn14 KO tumours, [18F]FDG tumour uptake was significantly lower (P < 0.01) than in cachectic mice bearing Fn14 WT counterparts. As a by-product of glucose metabolism, l-lactate production was also increased in cachexia-inducing tumours expressing Fn14.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that Fn14 receptor activation is linked to glucose metabolism of cachexia-inducing tumours.

Graphical Abstract
FDG-PET/MRI in colorectal cancer care: an updated systematic review
Authors: Lo Hui Zhen , Choy Kay Tai , Kong Joseph Cherng Huei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Since its introduction in 2011, FDG-PET/MRI has been advocated as a useful adjunct in colorectal cancer care. However, gaps and limitations in current research remain. This systematic review aims to review the current literature to quantify the utility of FDG-PET/MRI in colorectal cancer care.

Methods
An up-to-date review was performed on the available literature between 2000 and 2023 on PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, databases. All studies reporting on the use of FDG-PET/MRI in colorectal cancer care were analyzed. The main outcome measures were accuracy in initial staging, restaging, and detection of metastatic disease in both rectal as well as colon cancers. The secondary outcome was comparing the performance of FDG-PET/MRI versus Standard of Care Imaging (SCI). Finally, the clinical significance of FDG-PET/MRI was measured in the change in management resulting from imaging findings.

Results
A total of 22 observational studies were included, accounting for 988 patients. When individually compared to current Standard of Care Imaging (SCI)—MRI pelvis for rectal cancer and thoraco-abdominal contrast CT, PET/MRI proved superior in terms of distant metastatic disease detection. This led to as much as 21.0% change in management. However, the technological limitations of PET/MRI were once again highlighted, suggesting SCI should retain its place as first-line imaging.

Conclusion
FDG-PET/MRI appears to be a promising adjunct in staging and restaging of colorectal cancer in carefully selected patients.

Graphical Abstract
Shallow storage of the explosive Earthquake Flat Pyroclastics magma body, Okataina Volcanic Center, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: evidence from phase-equilibria experiments
Authors: Grant Elizabeth R. G. , Blatter Dawnika L. , Sisson Thomas W. , Cooper Kari M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRhyolitic tuffs range widely in their crystal contents from nearly aphyric to crystal-rich, and their crystal cargoes inform concepts of upper crustal magma reservoirs. The Earthquake Flat pyroclastics (Okataina Volcanic Center, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand) are 10 km3 of rhyolitic tuffs with abundant (~ 40 vol.%) plagioclase and quartz, minor biotite, hornblende, and orthopyroxene, and accessory Fe-Ti oxides, apatite, and zircon, set in high-silica rhyolitic glass. Major minerals form large, euhedral phenocrysts and abundant glomerocrysts with few disequilibrium textures excepting some faintly resorbed quartz. Plagioclase phenocrysts have thick rims of nearly constant composition near An30, and hornblende is weakly zoned or unzoned. The abundant and texturally complex mineral assemblage contrasts with the nearby (~ 25 km), nearly synchronous, but more voluminous and crystal-moderate rhyolite tuffs from Rotoiti caldera. New H2O-saturated phase-equilibria results on the erupted Earthquake Flat melt (glass) determine its co-saturation with the partial phenocryst assemblage of plagioclase, quartz, biotite, and Fe-Ti oxides at: 140 MPa, 755 ºC. These closely approximate the conditions of the pre-eruptive magma body assuming it was saturated with nearly pure H2O and at an fO2 of ~ Ni–NiO. Absence of hornblende and orthopyroxene from the synthesized assemblages may result from those minerals being in a peritectic reaction relation with melt to produce biotite, so they would not grow from the liquid used as starting material. Experimental results on Rotoiti rhyolite (Nicholls et al. 1992) show that the two bodies resided at similar pressures, temperatures, and fO2s. Lower crystal abundance of the Rotoiti tuffs may result from slight compositional differences. We interpret that the Earthquake Flat pyroclastics were sourced from the crystal-rich periphery of a mushy reservoir system with the Rotoiti occupying a more melt-rich central location. Uncertain is whether this was a single intrusion zoned continuously in crystallinity, or discrete adjacent intrusions, but our results illustrate and quantify complexities of magma storage across relatively short distances.
Limitations of the Impagliazzo–Nisan–Wigderson Pseudorandom Generator Against Permutation Branching Programs
Authors: Hoza William M. , Pyne Edward , Vadhan Salil 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe classic Impagliazzo–Nisan–Wigderson (INW) pseudorandom generator (PRG) (STOC ‘94) for space-bounded computation uses a seed of length $$O(\log n \cdot \log (nw/\varepsilon )+\log d)$$

O
(
log
n
·
log
(
n
w
/
ε
)
+
log
d
)

to fool ordered branching programs of length n, width w, and alphabet size d to within error $$\varepsilon $$
ε
. A series of works have shown that the analysis of the INW generator can be improved for the class of permutation branching programs or the more general regular branching programs, improving the $$O(\log ^2 n)$$

O
(

log
2

n
)

dependence on the length n to $$O(\log n)$$

O
(
log
n
)

or $${\tilde{O}}(\log n)$$

O
~

(
log
n
)

. However, when also considering the dependence on the other parameters, these analyses still fall short of the optimal PRG seed length $$O(\log (nwd/\varepsilon ))$$

O
(
log
(
n
w
d
/
ε
)
)

. In this paper, we prove that any “spectral analysis” of the INW generator requires seed length $$\begin{aligned} \Omega \left( \log n\cdot \log \log \left( \min \{n,d\}\right) +\log n\cdot \log \left( w/\varepsilon \right) +\log d\right) \end{aligned}$$

Ω

log
n
·
log
log

min
{
n
,
d
}

+
log
n
·
log

w
/
ε

+
log
d

to fool ordered permutation branching programs of length n, width w, and alphabet size d to within error $$\varepsilon $$
ε
. By “spectral analysis” we mean an analysis of the INW generator that relies only on the spectral expansion of the graphs used to construct the generator; this encompasses all prior analyses of the INW generator. Our lower bound matches the upper bound of Braverman–Rao–Raz–Yehudayoff (FOCS 2010, SICOMP 2014) for regular branching programs of alphabet size $$d=2$$

d
=
2

except for a gap between their $$O\left( \log n \cdot \log \log n\right) $$

O

log
n
·
log
log
n

term and our $$\Omega \left( \log n \cdot \log \log \min \{n,d\}\right) $$

Ω

log
n
·
log
log
min
{
n
,
d
}

term. It also matches the upper bounds of Koucký–Nimbhorkar–Pudlák (STOC 2011), De (CCC 2011), and Steinke (ECCC 2012) for constant-width ($$w=O(1)$$

w
=
O
(
1
)

) permutation branching programs of alphabet size $$d=2$$

d
=
2

to within a constant factor. To fool permutation branching programs in the measure of spectral norm, we prove that any spectral analysis of the INW generator requires a seed of length $$\Omega \left( \log n\cdot \log \log n+\log n\cdot \log (1/\varepsilon )\right) $$

Ω

log
n
·
log
log
n
+
log
n
·
log
(
1
/
ε
)

when the width is at least polynomial in n ($$w=n^{\Omega (1)}$$

w
=

n

Ω
(
1
)

), matching the recent upper bound of Hoza–Pyne–Vadhan (ITCS 2021) to within a constant factor.
A higher-order job crafting mediation model with PLS-SEM: relationship between organizational identification and communication satisfaction
Authors: Ciavolino Enrico , Angelelli Mario , Sternativo Giovanna Alessia , De carlo Elisa , Catalano Alessia Anna , Ingusci Emanuela 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn recent years, global events have redefined working life, stimulating new organizational models. This work focuses on job crafting, which is considered the way to improve the relationship between some organizational variables and other individual variables such as organizational identification and satisfaction with communication, both of which are crucial to achieving sustainable levels of well-being. The study examines the role of latent constructs that can promote adaptive responses as well as their relations. In particular, we focus on organizational identification in promoting adaptive responses, including the increase in structural resources, the increase in challenging demands, and the increase in social resources as adaptive strategies to improve satisfaction with communication. The analysis is carried out using robust statistical techniques that are suited to the study of causal relations between abstract constructs. Specifically, after Confirmatory Composite Analysis (CCA-PLS) to evaluate the quality of the data collected, a higher order mediation model, based on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), was performed to test the mediation role of the job crafting. In addition, we prioritize such latent constructs using importance–performance map analysis (IPMA) to evaluate the relevance and performance of each construct of this model. The results show a relationship between organizational identification, corresponding to a high sense of belonging, and communication satisfaction at all levels through the mediation of job crafting.
Analysis of strategies for scalable transaction creation in blockchains
Authors: Delzer Ole , Hobeck Richard , Weber Ingo , Kaaser Dominik , Sober Michael , Schulte Stefan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe growing popularity of blockchains highlights the need to improve their scalability. While previous research has focused on scaling transaction processing, the scalability of transaction creation remains unexplored. This issue is particularly important for organizations needing to send large volumes of transactions quickly or continuously. Scaling transaction creation is challenging, especially for blockchain platforms like Ethereum, which require transactions to include a sequence number. This paper proposes four different methods to scale transaction creation. Our experimental evaluation assesses the scalability and latency of these methods, identifying two as feasible for scaling transaction creation. Additionally, we provide an in-depth theoretical analysis of these two methods.
Agricultural low-cost waste adsorption of methylene blue and modelling linear isotherm method versus nonlinear prediction
Authors: Yetgin Senem , Amlani Merilyn 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study shows that geographically marked wheat hull, named Siyez, rice hull Sarı Kılçık, and Taşköprü Garlic stalk were used as agricultural waste to potential adsorbent materials for removing methylene blue from aqueous solution. Experimental data were evaluated in both equilibrium batch process and kinetic studies. In addition, the factors that affect the adsorption capacities, such as pH solutions, methylene blue concentration, contact time, and temperatures, were also investigated. Obtained data were subject to two constant adsorption models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin−Radushkevich. The kinetic models (pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intra-particle diffusion and film diffusion) and thermodynamic parameters were evaluated. The adsorption isotherms, characterized by an excellent fit with the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.99) across all adsorbents, underscore the prevalence of monolayer adsorption of methylene blue, in contrast to the Freundlich equation. Adsorption kinetics of the methylene blue onto the adsorbents followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model. According to high regression coefficient (R2) and minimal values of nonlinear error functions like RMSE; the maximum monolayer adsorption capacities of wheat hull, rice hull and garlic stalk were found to be 62.50 (mg/g), 54.94 (mg/g), and 370.37 (mg/g), respectively. The results indicated that these proposed adsorbents could be low-cost and effective adsorbents for water purification and have adsorption capacity as much as comparable with the literature. In batch equilibrium studies, the adsorption of methylene blue dye onto the wheat hull, rice hull, and garlic stalk exhibited a significant correlation with temperature, contact time, and initial concentration of methylene blue dye and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System algorithm for forecasting overall the system parameter well fitted with these findings with the accuracy of outputs (R2 about 0.99 for each). Consequently, the thermodynamic analysis revealed that the adsorption process takes place in bulk diffusion by liquid phase mass transfer and occurred spontaneously with endothermically except garlic stalk. Adsorption thermodynamic studies show that the adsorption of methylene blue onto the garlic stalk was spontaneous and exothermic.
Graphical Abstract
Anterior interhemispheric vs. pterional approach in the microsurgical management of anterior communicating artery aneurysms: a comparative analysis employing a novel multidimensional matching-tool
Authors: Swiatek Vanessa M. , Amini Amir , Spitz Lena , Rashidi Ali , Dumitru Claudia A. , Stein Klaus-Peter , Saalfeld Sylvia , Sandalcioglu I. Erol , Neyazi Belal 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe surgical management of anterior communicating artery aneurysms (AcomA) is challenging due to their deep midline position and proximity to complex skull base anatomy. This study compares the pterional craniotomy with the interhemispheric approach based on the specific aneurysm angulation. A total of 129 AcomA cases were analyzed, with 50 undergoing microsurgical clipping via either the pterional or interhemispheric approach. All selected cases had computed tomography-angiography with sagittal imaging slices and 2D-angiography. Using an interactive tool, 14 cases treated via the interhemispheric approach were matched with 14 cases approached pterionally based on clinical and morphological parameters, emphasizing intracranial aneurysm (IA) dome angulation relative to the frontal skull base. Outcomes included IA occlusion, temporary clipping incidence, intraoperative rupture, postoperative strokes, hemorrhages, hydrocephalus, vasospasm, and patient functionality. Matched cohorts had consistent demographics. Both approaches resulted in similar IA occlusion rates, but the interhemispheric approach led to improved clinical outcomes, measured by the modified Rankin Scale. It also had a lower incidence of hydrocephalus and reduced need for permanent ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. Vasospasms and postoperative infarction rates were comparable between the groups. Our findings suggest potential advantages of the interhemispheric approach in managing AcomA, depending on aneurysm angulation. Despite a small sample size, the results highlight the importance of customized surgical decision-making based on the unique traits of each aneurysm and the surgeon's expertise.
Some counterexamples to Alt–Caffarelli–Friedman monotonicity formulas in Carnot groups
Authors: Ferrari Fausto , Giovagnoli Davide 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper we continue the analysis of an Alt–Caffarelli–Friedman (ACF) monotonicity formula in Carnot groups of step $$s >1$$

s
>
1

confirming the existence of counterexamples to the monotone increasing behavior. In particular, we provide a sufficient condition that implies the existence of some counterexamples to the monotone increasing behavior of the ACF formula in Carnot groups. The main tool is based on the lack of orthogonality of harmonic polynomials in Carnot groups. This paper generalizes the results proved in Ferrari and Forcillo (Atti Accad Naz Lincei Rend Lincei Mat Appl 34(2):295–306, 2023).