bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activities of Wogonin Analogs and Other Flavones against Flavobacterium columnare
Authors: Tan Cheng‐Xia , Schrader Kevin K. , Khan Ikhlas A. , Rimando Agnes M. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn our on‐going pursuit to discover natural products and natural product‐based compounds to control the bacterial species Flavobacterium columnare, which causes columnaris disease in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), we synthesized flavone and chalcone analogs, and evaluated these compounds, along with flavonoids from natural sources, for their antibacterial activities against two isolates of F. columnare (ALM‐00‐173 and BioMed) using a rapid bioassay. The flavonoids chrysin (1a), 5,7‐dihydroxy‐4′‐methoxyflavone (11), isorhamnetin (26), luteolin (27), and biochanin A (29), and chalcone derivative 8b showed strong antibacterial activities against F. columnare ALM‐00‐173 based on minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) results. Flavonoids 1a, 8, 11, 13 (5,4′‐dihydroxy‐7‐methoxyflavone), 26, and 29 exhibited strong antibacterial activities against F. columnare BioMed based upon MIC results. The 24‐h 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) results revealed that 27 and 29 were the most active compounds against F. columnare ALM‐00‐173 (IC50 of 7.5 and 8.5 mg/l, resp.), while 26 and 29 were the most toxic compound against F. columnare BioMed (IC50 of 9.2 and 3.5 mg/l, resp.). These IC50 results were lower than those obtained for wogonin against F. columnare ALM‐00‐173 and F. columnare BioMed (28.4 and 5.4 mg/l, resp.). However, based on MIC results, none of the compounds evaluated in this study were as active as wogonin (MIC 0.3 mg/l for each F. columnare isolate). Further modification of the wogonin structure to enhance antibacterial is of interest.
Xylella fastidiosa Esterase Rather than Hydroxynitrile Lyase
Authors: Torrelo Guzman , Ribeiro de Souza Fayene Zeferino , Carrilho Emanuel , Hanefeld Ulf 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn 2009, we reported that the product of the gene SCJ21.16 (XFa0032) from Xylella fastidiosa, a xylem‐restricted plant pathogen that causes a range of diseases in several important crops, encodes a protein (XfHNL) with putative hydroxynitrile lyase activity. Sequence analysis and activity tests indicated that XfHNL exhibits an α/β‐hydrolase fold and could be classified as a member of the family of FAD‐independent HNLs. Here we provide a more detailed sequence analysis and new experimental data. Using pure heterologously expressed XfHNL we show that this enzyme cannot catalyse the cleavage/synthesis of mandelonitrile and that this protein is in fact a non‐enantioselective esterase. Homology modelling and ligand docking simulations were used to study the active site and support these results. This finding could help elucidate the common ancestor of esterases and hydroxynitrile lyases with an α/β ‐hydrolase fold.
Identification of a functional antioxidant responsive element in the promoter of the Chinese hamster carbonyl reductase 3 (Chcr3) gene
Authors: Miura Takeshi , Taketomi Ayako , Nakabayashi Toshikatsu , Nishinaka Toru , Terada Tomoyuki 
Published: February 2015

AbstractCHCR3, a member of the short‐chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily, is a carbonyl reductase 3 enzyme in Chinese hamsters. Carbonyl reductase 3 in humans has been believed to involve the metabolism and/or pharmacokinetics of anthracycline drugs, and the mechanism underlying the gene regulation has been investigated. In this study, the nucleotide sequence of the Chcr3 promoter was originally determined, and its promoter activity was characterised. The proximal promoter region is TATA‐less and GC‐rich, similar to the promoter region of human carbonyl reductase 3. Cobalt stimulated the transcriptional activity of the Chcr3 gene. The results of a luciferase gene reporter assay demonstrated that cobalt‐induced stimulation required an antioxidant responsive element. Forced expression of Nrf2, the transcription factor that binds to antioxidant responsive elements, enhanced the transcriptional activity of the Chcr3 gene. These results suggest that cobalt induces the expression of the Chcr3 gene via the Nrf2‐antioxidant responsive element pathway.
The new Occlutech® PDA occluder: Initial human experience
Authors: Abdelbasit M. A. Elbashier , Alwi Mazeni , Kandavello Geetha , Che Mood Marhisham , Samion Hasri , Hijazi Ziyad M. 
Published: February 2015

ObjectivesTo evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the Occlutech® PDA occluder for closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).BackgroundThe Occlutech® PDA occluder is novel, self‐shaping Nitinol wire device with PET (polyethylene terephthalate) patches integrated into the shank of the device to assure a better obturation of the ductus. The Occlutech® PDA occluder has undergone two design modifications.MethodsA prospective, non‐randomized pilot study was started in November 2011. Thirty‐three patients were included until April 2013. Patients weighing <6 kg or those with associated cardiac anomalies that required surgery were excluded. All patients were followed up by transthoracic echocardiography at 24 hr, 30 days, 90 days, 180 days, and 360 days after implantation. Residual shunt, left pulmonary artery (LPA) and descending aortic velocities were among the parameters assessed. All occluders were delivered via 6–8 F long sheaths and PDA closures were performed following standard techniques.ResultsThirty three patients (20 female/13 male), with a median age of 2 years (6 month to 38 years), and median weight of 9.3 kg (6–69.2 kg) were included. The narrowest median PDA diameter was 3mm (1.8–5.8 mm). All the 33 patients were closed successfully using Occlutech ductal occluder, 16 patients (48.4%) had immediate and complete closure on angiography. Within 24 hr, color Doppler revealed complete closure in 27patients (81.8%), 32patients (97%) at 30 days, and in 100% of patients at 90 days. All patients with a large PDA had immediate residual shunt which was closed at the 90‐day follow‐up. There was no device embolization, hemolysis, or obstruction to the LPA or descending aorta.ConclusionThe new Occlutech® PDA is safe and effective. In patients with a large PDA complete closure tended to take longer time. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neurologic complications after transradial or transfemoral approach for diagnostic and interventional cardiac catheterization: A propensity score analysis of 16,710 cases from a single centre prospective registry
Authors: Raposo Luis , Madeira Sérgio , Teles Rui Campante , Santos Miguel , Gabriel Henrique Mesquita , Gonçalves Pedro , Brito João , Leal Silvio , Almeida Manuel , Mendes Miguel 
Published: February 2015

Background and aimTransradial approach (TRA) is being used increasingly as the preferential vascular access site for both diagnostic and interventional procedures. However, concerns have risen about the risk of clinically meaningful neurologic complications. We aimed to assess the association between the risk of stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) and the transradial (vs. transfemoral) approach.Methods and ResultsData from 16,710 cases included in a single centre prospective registry between January 2006 and November 2012 was analyzed. Radial procedures were considered as those in which the radial access was used either primarily (n = 4,195) or after conversion (n = 36). Potential cases with neurologic events were targeted by cross‐referencing patients who underwent both cardiac catheterization and cranial‐computed tomography (cranial‐CT) during the same admission episode (n = 67). Procedure‐related events were defined as a definitive non‐CABG related stroke/TIA occurring within 48 hr of the procedure. TRA increased from 0.7% in 2006 to 75% in 2012. Total incidence of stroke/TIA was 0.16% and did not change over the study period (P = 0.26). There was no significant difference in stroke/TIA rates between groups (0.165% vs. 0.160%; P = 1.0). After correction for baseline differences and propensity score matching, TRA was not an independent predictor of stroke/TIA (OR 1.21; 95% CI 0.49–2.98 and 1.3; 95% CI 0.55–3.54, respectively). Results were consistent in pre‐specified sub‐groups according to age (≥65 y.o. vs. younger), gender, interventional vs. diagnostic and ACS vs. stable.ConclusionRates of documented stroke/TIA were low. Our observational study suggests that widening the use of the TRA is not associated with an increased risk of clinically relevant procedure‐related neurologic complications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long‐term outcomes following fractional flow reserve‐guided treatment of angiographically ambiguous left main coronary artery disease: A meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies
Authors: Mallidi Jaya , Atreya Auras R. , Cook James , Garb Jane , Jeremias Allen , Klein Lloyd W. , Lotfi Amir 
Published: February 2015

ObjectiveTo define the long term outcomes of Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) guided revascularization of ambiguous left main coronary artery (LMCA) lesions by performing a pooled meta‐analysis of all available studies.BackgroundProspective studies evaluating the use of fractional flow reserve (FFR) for clinical decision‐making in ambiguous unprotected left main coronary artery (LMCA) stenosis suggest the relative safety of that approach, but any final conclusions are limited by small sample size. We performed a pooled meta‐analysis of studies to define the long‐term outcomes in these patients.MethodsSix prospective cohort studies involving 525 patients met the inclusion criteria. Patients underwent revascularization (revascularization group) or medical therapy (deferred group) based on FFR. The primary outcome was defined as rate of major cardiovascular events (a composite of death from all causes, nonfatal myocardial infarctions and subsequent revascularizations). The secondary outcomes included individual components of the primary end point. Pooled effect sizes were calculated using a fixed effects model.ResultsBased on the FFR results, 217 patients (41%) underwent revascularization. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the rates of primary end point (P = 0.15), all‐cause mortality (P = 0.06) or nonfatal myocardial infarctions (P = 0.76). However, there was a significant increase in the rate of subsequent revascularizations in the deferred patients (P = 0.002).ConclusionThe long term clinical outcomes in patients with ambiguous LMCA stenosis for whom revascularization is deferred based on FFR are favorable and similar to the revascularized group in terms of overall mortality and subsequent myocardial infarctions. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fulminant onset of acute leukemia from normal hematopoiesis within 3 months of follow up for multiple myeloma treated with total therapy protocols
Authors: Singh Zeba N. , Jethava Yogesh , Post Ginell R. , Alapat Daisy , Sawyer Jeffrey , Waheed Sarah , Nair Bijay , Usmani Saad Z. , Bailey Clyde , Petty Nathan , Van Rhee Frits , Barlogie Bart 
Published: February 2015

Key Clinical MessageAssiduous surveillance for genetic aberrations is necessary in patients on cytotoxic therapies to detect therapy‐related myeloid neoplasms (t‐MN). Current modalities include metaphase cytogenetics and FISH. Since t‐MN may develop abruptly in cytogenetically normal patients, a discussion exploring additional methods such as SNP‐array and targeted‐deep‐sequencing to detect subchromosomal abnormalities is needed.
Facile Formation of Thermodynamically Unstable Novel Borohydride Materials by a Wet Chemistry Route
Authors: Jaroń Tomasz , Wegner Wojciech , Fijałkowski Karol J. , Leszczyński Piotr J. , Grochala Wojciech 
Published: February 2015

AbstractA novel wet synthetic method utilizing weakly coordinating anions that yields LiCl‐free Zn‐based materials for hydrogen storage has recently been reported. Here we show that this method may also be applied for the synthesis of the pure yttrium derivatives, M[Y(BH4)4] (M=K, Rb, Cs). Moreover, it can be extended to the preparation of previously unknown thermodynamically unstable derivatives, Li[Y(BH4)4] and Na[Y(BH4)4]. Importantly, these two H‐rich phases cannot be accessed by standard dry (mechanochemical) or solid/gas synthetic methods due to the thermodynamic obstacles. Here we describe their crystal structures and selected important physicochemical properties.
Electrochemical Pretreatment of Amino‐Carbon Nanotubes on Graphene Support as a Novel Platform for Bilirubin Oxidase with Improved Bioelectrocatalytic Activity towards Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Navaee Aso , Salimi Abdollah , Jafari Fereydoon 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe electrochemical conditioning of amino‐carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on a graphene support in an alkaline solution is used to produce NHOH as hydrophilic functional groups for the efficient immobilization of bilirubin oxidase enzyme. The application of the immobilized enzyme for the direct electrocatalytic reduction of O2 is investigated. The onset potential of 0.81 V versus NHE and peak current density of 2.3 mA cm−2 for rotating modified electrode at 1250 rpm, indicate improved biocatalytic activity of the proposed system for O2 reduction.
Discussion on the Structure Stability and the Luminescence Switch under Irradiation of a Ce‐Doped Elpasolite Compound
Authors: Cornu Lucile , Gaudon Manuel , Veber Philippe , Villesuzanne Antoine , Pechev Stanilas , Garcia Alain , Jubera Véronique 
Published: February 2015

AbstractCe‐doped Rb2KInF6 elpasolite has the potential for tunable luminescence due to an unusual reversible redox process between the cerium and indium cations. Coupled with a deep understanding of the luminescence properties, XRD analysis and DFT calculations are used to locate the doping elements in the host lattice. The origin explanation of the charge‐transfer mechanism that causes a decrease or increase in the blue–green cerium emission in opposition to the red indium emission is discussed regarding the crystallographic structure, the connection of the metallic cations and their equilibrium valence. Still detectable after nineteen years, the optical contrast created under irradiation makes this material a good candidate as photosensor for data storage.
Biomineralized Multifunctional Magnetite/Carbon Microspheres for Applications in Li‐Ion Batteries and Water Treatment
Authors: Shim Hyun‐Woo , Park Sangbaek , Song Hee Jo , Kim Jae‐Chan , Jang Eunjin , Hong Kug Sun , Kim T. Doohun , Kim Dong‐Wan 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAdvanced functional materials incorporating well‐defined multiscale architectures are a key focus for multiple nanotechnological applications. However, strategies for developing such materials, including nanostructuring, nano‐/microcombination, hybridization, and so on, are still being developed. Here, we report a facile, scalable biomineralization process in which Micrococcus lylae bacteria are used as soft templates to synthesize 3D hierarchically structured magnetite (Fe3O4) microspheres for use as Li‐ion battery anode materials and in water treatment applications. Self‐assembled Fe3O4 microspheres with flower‐like morphologies are systematically fabricated from biomineralized 2D FeO(OH) nanoflakes at room temperature and are subsequently subjected to post‐annealing at 400 °C. In particular, because of their mesoporous properties with a hollow interior and the improved electrical conductivity resulting from the carbonized bacterial templates, the Fe3O4 microspheres obtained by calcining the FeO(OH) in Ar exhibit enhanced cycle stability and rate capability as Li‐ion battery anodes, as well as superior adsorption of organic pollutants and toxic heavy metals.
C100 is Converted into C94Cl22 by Three Chlorination‐Promoted C2 Losses under Formation and Elimination of Cage Heptagons
Authors: Ioffe Ilya N. , Yang Shangfeng , Wang Song , Kemnitz Erhard , Sidorov Lev N. , Troyanov Sergey I. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractChlorination of the C100(18) fullerene with a mixture of VCl4 and SbCl5 gives rise to branched skeletal transformations affording non‐classical (NC) C94(NC1)Cl22 with one heptagon in the carbon cage together with the previously reported C96(NC3)Cl20 with three heptagons. The three‐step pathway to C94(NC1)Cl22 starts with two successive C2 losses of 5:6 CC bonds to give two cage heptagons, whereas the third C2 loss of the 5:5 CC bond from a pentalene fragment eliminates one of the heptagons. Quantum‐chemical calculations demonstrate that the two unusual skeletal transformations—creation of a heptagon in C96(NC3)Cl20 through a Stone–Wales rearrangement and the presently reported elimination of a heptagon through C2 loss—are both characterized by relatively low activation energy.
Moderne Flammschutzmittelfür Kunststoffe
Authors: Klinkowski Christoph , Burk Bettina , Bärmann Florian , Döring Manfred 
Published: February 2015

AbstractFlammschutzmittel werden in eine Vielzahl von Kunststoffen eingearbeitet, um ihre Brennbarkeit herabzusetzen. Ihr Einsatz dient dazu, unser Leben sicherer zu machen und Hab und Gut vor Bränden zu schützen. In diesem Artikel werden unterschiedliche Flammschutzmittelklassen vorgestellt und ihre Wirkungsweisen in Kunststoffen erläutert. Ein Überblick bezüglich der Anforderungen an moderne Flammschutzmittel wird gegeben.
Die Entstehung der chemischen Elemente
Authors: Binnewies Michael , Willner Helge , Woenckhaus Jürgen 
Published: February 2015

AbstractDurch zahlreiche Entdeckungen in der Kernphysik und durch Beobachtungen mit Teleskopen und Raumsonden konnten in der Astronomie in den letzten Jahrzehnten mehr Erkenntnisse über das Weltall erzielt werden als je zuvor. Für die Chemie ist besonders die Frage relevant, wie die chemischen Elemente entstanden sind und entstehen. Hier beschreiben wir ihre Bildung im Verlaufe der Geschichte unseres Universums. In der Sprache des Chemikers werden Begriffe wie Massendefekt, Kernbindungsenergie, Elementbrennen und der radioaktive Zerfall erläutert. Diese Kenntnisse sind für den nachfolgenden Artikel über die Energiegewinnung in industriellen und natürliche Kern‐ und Fusions‐Reaktoren notwendig. Wir wollen mit diesen Beiträgen Chemielehrer und Studierende ansprechen und Defizite in den einführenden Chemie‐Lehrbüchern ausgleichen
Integrated Regional Geophysical Study on Lithospheric Structure in Eastern China Seas and Adjacent Regions
Authors: Jian‐Sheng WU , Jia‐Lin WANG , Bing CHEN , Xin‐Bing ZHANG 
Published: February 2015

AbstractUsing gravity and magnetic data of eastern China seas and adjacent regions, we calculated the Moho discontinuity, Curie boundary and thermal lithosphere interfaces and dealt with some processing of gravity and magnetic data to enhance the fault information. Based characters of the gravity and magnetic fields, we determined the distribution of major faults in this region, which can be divided into two systems: one is the plate boundary fault system, and the other is the system of block boundary faults and faults within blocks. With the fault systems, we divided the areas of eastern China seas and adjacent regions into eight blocks and four conjunction zones. The results indicate that the boundary between the Sino‐Korea and Yangtze blocks consists of the Wulian‐Qingdao fault in eastern China, the east marginal fault of the Yellow Sea, and the south marginal fault of the Cheju Island. The Jiang‐Shao fault extends to the south tip of the Korea Peninsula and serves as the boundary to separate the Yangtze and South China blocks.
Pharmacokinetic drug–drug interaction assessment between LCZ696, an angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, and hydrochlorothiazide, amlodipine, or carvedilol
Authors: Hsiao Hsiu‐ling , Langenickel Thomas Heiko , Greeley Michael , Roberts John , Zhou Wei , Pal Parasar , Rebello Sam , Rajman Iris , Sunkara Gangadhar 
Published: February 2015

AbstractLCZ696 is a first‐in‐class angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor in development for treatments of hypertension and heart failure indications. In 3 separate studies, pharmacokinetic drug–drug interactions (DDIs) potential was assessed when LCZ696 was coadministered with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), amlodipine, or carvedilol. The studies used a open‐label, single‐sequence, 3‐period, crossover design in healthy subjects. Blood samples were collected to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of LCZ696 analytes (AHU377, LBQ657, and valsartan), HCTZ, amlodipine, or carvedilol (R[+]‐ and S[−]‐carvedilol) for statistical analysis. When coadministered LCZ696 with HCTZ, the 90% CIs of the geometric mean ratios of AUCtau,ss of HCTZ and that of LBQ657 were within a 0.80–1.25 interval, whereas HCTZ Cmax,ss decreased by 26%, LBQ657 Cmax,ss increased by 19%, and the AUCtau,ss and Cmax,ss of valsartan increased by 14% and 16%, respectively. Pharmacokinetics of amlodipine, R(+)‐ and S(−)‐carvedilol, or LBQ657 were not altered after coadministration of LCZ696 with amlodipine or carvedilol. Coadministration of LCZ696 400 mg once daily (qd) with HCTZ 25 mg qd, amlodipine 10 mg qd, or carvedilol 25 mg twice a day (bid) had no clinically relevant pharmacokinetic drug–drug interactions. LCZ696, HCTZ, amlodipine, and carvedilol were safe and well tolerated when given alone or concomitantly in the investigated studies.
Electrodes/Electrolyte Interfaces in the Presence of a Surface‐Modified Photopolymer Electrolyte: Application in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Sacco Adriano , Bella Federico , De La Pierre Stefano , Castellino Micaela , Bianco Stefano , Bongiovanni Roberta , Pirri Candido Fabrizio 
Published: February 2015

AbstractSince hundreds of studies on photoanodes and cathodes show that the electrode/electrolyte interfaces represent a key aspect at the base of dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) performances, it is reported here that these interfaces can be managed by a smart design of the spatial composition of quasi‐solid electrolytes. By means of a cheap, rapid, and green process of photoinduced polymerization, composition‐tailored polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) with siloxane‐enriched surfaces are prepared, and their properties are thoroughly described. When assembled in DSSCs, the interfacial action promoted by the composition‐tailored PEMs enhances the photocurrent and fill factor values, thus increasing the global photovoltaic conversion efficiency with respect to the non‐modified PEMs. Moreover, the presence of the siloxane‐chain‐enriched surface increases the hydrophobicity and reduces the water vapor permeation into the device, thus enhancing the cell′s durability.
Enhancing Low‐Grade Thermal Energy Recovery in a Thermally Regenerative Ammonia Battery Using Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Zhang Fang , LaBarge Nicole , Yang Wulin , Liu Jia , Logan Bruce E. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractA thermally regenerative ammonia battery (TRAB) is a new approach for converting low‐grade thermal energy into electricity by using an ammonia electrolyte and copper electrodes. TRAB operation at 72 °C produced a power density of 236±8 W m−2, with a linear decrease in power to 95±5 W m−2 at 23 °C. The improved power at higher temperatures was due to reduced electrode overpotentials and more favorable thermodynamics for the anode reaction (copper oxidation). The energy density varied with temperature and discharge rates, with a maximum of 650 Wh m−3 at a discharge energy efficiency of 54 % and a temperature of 37 °C. The energy efficiency calculated with chemical process simulation software indicated a Carnot‐based efficiency of up to 13 % and an overall thermal energy recovery of 0.5 %. It should be possible to substantially improve these energy recoveries through optimization of electrolyte concentrations and by using improved ion‐selective membranes and energy recovery systems such as heat exchangers.