bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of RASSF1A and p63 with Poor Recurrence-Free Survival in Node-Negative Stage I–II Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ko Eunkyung , Lee Bo Bin , Kim Yujin , Lee Eun Ju , Cho Eun Yoon , Han Jungho , Shim Young Mog , Park Joobae , Kim Duk-Hwan 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPurpose: This study was aimed at analyzing the recurrence-related prognostic significance of 12 candidate molecular biomarkers in node-negative stage I–II non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Experimental Design: We retrospectively analyzed promoter methylation of eight genes using methylation-specific PCR in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues from 328 node-negative stage I–II NSCLCs. The expression of Bcl-2, E-cadherin, p53, and p63 proteins was also assessed by immunohistochemistry.Results: Recurrence was found in 145 (44%) of 328 node-negative stage I–II NSCLCs with a median follow-up period of 6.2 years. No association was found between recurrence and alteration of individual biomarker in univariate analysis. We defined recurrently divergent groups on the basis of recursive partitioning analyses for 12 biomarkers and found a significant association of co-alteration of RASSF1A and p63 with poor recurrence-free survival (RFS). Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that hypermethylation of RASSF1A and negative expression of p63 was associated with poor RFS [HR, 1.93; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13–5.47; P = 0.009] compared with those without co-alteration of RASSF1A and p63, after adjusting for age, adjuvant therapy, histology, and tumor size. Random forest classifier including RASSF1A and p63 showed best performance in the prediction of recurrence in node-negative stage I–II NSCLCs: area under receiver operator characteristic curve for random forest was 0.91 and error rate for the model was 17%.Conclusion: The present study suggests that RASSF1A and p63 may be independent prognostic indicators for RFS in node-negative stage I–II NSCLCs. Clin Cancer Res; 19(5); 1204–12. ©2012 AACR.
Downregulation of miR-138 Sustains NF-κB Activation and Promotes Lipid Raft Formation in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Gong Hui , Song Libing , Lin Chuyong , Liu Aibin , Lin Xi , Wu Jueheng , Li Mengfeng , Li Jun 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Purpose: Constitutive activation of NF-κB signaling plays vital roles in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of miR-138 on NF-κB activation and ESCC progression.
Experimental Design: Expression of miR-138 in ESCC cell lines, ESCC tissues, and 205 archived ESSC specimens was determined using real-time PCR analysis. Anchorage-independent growth, chicken chorioallantoic membrane, Transwell matrix invasion and Annexin V–binding assays, and a xenograft tumor model were used to determine the role of miR-138 in ESCC progression. The effect of miR-138 on NF-κB activation was investigated using IKK in vitro kinase, electrophoretic mobility shift, lipid raft isolation, and luciferase reporter assays.
Results: miR-138 was downregulated and inversely correlated with tumor progression and patient survival in ESCCs. Downregulation of miR-138 enhanced, whereas upregulation of miR-138 reduced, the aggressive phenotype of ESCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Silencing miR-138 promoted K63-linked polyubiquitination of the NF-κB signaling intermediaries TRAF2 and RIP1 and sustained NF-κB activation. Furthermore, downregulation of miR-138 induced lipid raft formation via upregulating multiple components of lipid rafts, including FLOT1, FLOT2, and caveolin-1. Importantly, the in vitro analysis was consistent with a significant inverse correlation between miR-138 expression and NF-κB hyperactivation in a cohort of human ESCC specimens.
Conclusion: Our results show that miR-138 functions as a tumor-suppressive miRNA and that downregulation of miR-138 contributes to constitutive NF-κB activation and ESCC progression. Clin Cancer Res; 19(5); 1083–93. ©2013 AACR.
Molecular Dissection of AKT Activation in Lung Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Guo Yanan , Du Jinyan , Kwiatkowski David J. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
AKT is a critical signaling node downstream of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), which is often activated in cancer. We analyzed the state of activation of AKT in 80 human non–small cell lung carcinoma cell lines under serum starvation conditions. We identified 13 lines, which showed persistent AKT activation in the absence of serum. In 12 of 13 lines, AKT activation could be attributed to loss of PTEN, activating mutation in EGF receptor (EGFR) or PIK3CA, or amplification of ERBB2. HCC2429 was the only cell line that had no alterations in those genes, but had high phospho-AKT(Ser473) levels under serum starvation conditions. However, the activation of AKT in HCC2429 was PI3K- and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2)-dependent based upon use of specific inhibitors. Kinome tyrosine phosphorylation profiling showed that both Notch and SRC were highly activated in this cell line. Despite the activation of Notch, AKT activation and cell survival were not affected by Notch inhibitors DAPT or compound E. In contrast, SRC inhibitors PP2 and dasatinib both significantly decreased pAKT(Ser473) levels and reduced cell survival by inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, a combination of SRC and mTOR inhibition synergistically blocked activation of AKT and induced apoptosis. Overexpression of SRC has been identified previously in human lung cancers, and these results suggest that a combination of SRC and mTOR inhibitors may have unique therapeutic benefit for a subset of lung cancers with these molecular features. Mol Cancer Res; 11(3); 282–93. ©2012 AACR.
Review of potter wasps with a petiolate metasoma excluding so-called "Zethinae" (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) in the Lesser Sunda Islands of the Indonesian Archipelago
Authors: NUGROHO HARI , KOJIMA JUN-ICHI , UBAIDILLAH ROSICHON 
Published: January 2013

Twenty species and six subspecies of nine genera of eumenine wasps with a petiolate metasoma occurring in the Lesser Sunda Islands are listed. New synonymies are proposed for Delta campaniforme campaniforme (Fabricius 1775) (=D. campaniforme gracilior Giordani Soika 1986, syn. nov.) and D. nigriculum Giordani Soika 1986, stat. nov. (=D. campaniforme rendalloide Giordani Soika 1993, syn. nov.). Eumenes piriformis de Saussure and E. inconspicuus Smith are newly recorded from the Lesser Sunda Islands; E. pius Giordani Soika, D. nigriculum Giordani Soika, D. pyriforme (Fabricius), D. sciarum (van der Vecht), Pareumenes nigerrimus van der Vecht, and Labus vandervechti Giordani Soika, are newly recorded from some islands of the Lesser Sunda. Hitherto unknown male of P. nigerrimus is described.
Review the leafhopper genera Parafagocyba Kuoh et Hu and Zorka Dworakowska (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) with description of a new species and two new records from China
Authors: HUANG MIN , ZHANG YALIN 
Published: January 2013

The leafhopper genus Parafagocyba Kuoh et Hu, 1992 and Zorka Dworakowska, 1970 are reviewed. One new species of Parafagocyba is described and illustrated, Parafagocyba forficula n. sp., and Parafagocyba multimaculata Kuoh et Hu 1992 is transferred to the genus of Zorka Dworakowska, 1970. Two species of Zorka are also newly recorded from China.
A new fossil genus of net-winged beetles, with a brief review of amber Lycidae (Insecta: Coleoptera)
Authors: KAZANTSEV SERGEY V. 
Published: January 2013

A new fossil genus of net-winged beetles, Protolopheros gen. n., and a new species, Protolopheros hoffeinsorum sp. n., are described from the Baltic amber. The new taxon is placed in Erotini, next to Lopheros Leconte, 1881. The extant Pseudaplatopterus (Eropterus) Green, 1951, comb. n. is lowered in rank and placed as a subgenus of the fossil Pseudaplatopterus Kleine, 1940. The extant Kolibaceum (Laterialis) Kazantsev, 1990, comb. n. is lowered in rank and placed as a subgenus of the fossil Kolibaceum Winkler, 1987.
Regional Characterization of Tornado Activity
Authors: Trapp Robert J. , Brooks Harold E. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn the United States, tornado activity of a given year is usually assessed in terms of the total number of human-reported tornadoes. Such assessments fail to account for the seldom-acknowledged fact that an active (or inactive) tornado year for the United States does not necessarily equate with activity (or inactivity) everywhere in the country. The authors illustrate this by comparing the geospatial tornado distributions from 1987, 2004, and 2011. Quantified in terms of the frequency of daily tornado occurrence (or “tornado days”), the high activity in the South Atlantic and upper Midwest regions was a major contributor to the record-setting number of tornadoes in 2004. The high activity in 2011 arose from significant tornado occurrences in the Southeast and lower Midwest. The authors also show that the uniqueness of the activity during these years can be determined by modeling the local statistical behavior of tornado days by a gamma distribution.
Modulation of the Diurnal Cycle of Rainfall Associated with the MJO Observed by a Dense Hourly Rain Gauge Network at Sarawak, Borneo
Authors: Kanamori Hironari , Yasunari Tetsuzo , Kuraji Koichiro 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
This study investigates spatiotemporal characteristics of the diurnal cycle (DC) of rainfall over Sarawak in northwest Borneo Island, associated with large-scale intraseasonal disturbances represented by the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). This is accomplished using a dense hourly rain gauge network and satellite data. The spatial pattern of the DC is classified into two major groups, coastal and interior regions, based on remarkable differences in rainfall peak times and amplitudes. Amplitudes of the DC and daily rainfall amount increase in active MJO phases at all sites, but the MJO has a stronger effect in the coastal region than the interior region. This modulation of rainfall by the MJO disturbance is largely attributed to rainfall frequency in the interior region, but to both frequency and intensity of rainfall in the coastal region. The low-level westerly wind anomaly enhances convergence, the land–sea breeze, and a midnight rainfall peak in the coastal region during the active MJO phase. Analysis of moisture flux divergence and moist static instability suggests the different dynamics of this modulation of the DC between coastal and interior regions.
Partial Beam Blockage Correction Using Polarimetric Radar Measurements
Authors: Zhang P. , Zrnić D. , Ryzhkov A. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
A new method for mitigation of partial beam blockage that uses the consistency between reflectivity factor Z and specific differential phase KDP and their radial integrals in rain is presented. The immunity of differential phase ΦDP to partial beam blockage is utilized to estimate the bias of reflectivity factor caused by beam blockage. The algorithm is tested on dual-polarization radar data collected by the NCAR S-band polarimetric Dopper radar system (S-Pol) during the Southwest Monsoon Experiment/Terrain-Influenced Monsoon Rainfall Experiment (SoWMEX/TiMREX) in June 2008 in Taiwan. Corrected reflectivity factors in the blocked sectors are compared with corresponding values deduced from a digital elevation model (DEM) to show the advantage of the suggested method in areas where obstacles such as high-rise buildings cause additional blockage that is not accounted for by DEM. The accuracy and robustness of the method is quantitatively evaluated using a series of radar volume scans obtained in three rainfall events.
Comments on “A Bias in the Midtropospheric Channel Warm Target Factor on the NOAA-9 Microwave Sounding Unit”
Authors: Christy John R. , Spencer Roy W. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Po-Chedley and Fu investigated the difference in the magnitude of global temperature trends generated from the Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) for the midtroposphere (TMT, surface to about 75 hPa) between the University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH) and Remote Sensing Systems (RSS). Their approach was to examine the magnitude of a noise-reduction coefficient of one short-lived satellite, NOAA-9, which differed from UAH and RSS. Using radiosonde comparisons over a 2-yr period, they calculated an adjustment to the UAH coefficient that, when applied to the UAH data, increased the UAH global TMT trend for 1979–2009 by +0.042 K decade−1, which then happens to agree with RSS’s TMT trend. In studying their analysis, the authors demonstrate 1) the adjustment calculated using radiosondes is inconclusive when errors are accounted for; 2) the adjustment was applied in a manner inconsistent with the UAH satellite merging strategy, creating a larger change than would be generated had the actual UAH methodology been followed; and 3) that trends of a similar product that uses the same UAH coefficient are essentially identical to UAH and RSS. Based on the authors’ previous analysis and additional work here, UAH will continue using the NOAA-9 noise-reduction coefficient, as is, for version 5.4 and the follow-on version 5.5.
Impacts of Air–Sea Flux Parameterizations on the Intensity and Structure of Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Green Benjamin W. , Zhang Fuqing 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Fluxes of momentum and moist enthalpy across the air–sea interface are believed to be one of the most important factors in determining tropical cyclone intensity. Because these surface fluxes cannot be directly resolved by numerical weather prediction models, their impacts on tropical cyclones must be accounted for through subgrid-scale parameterizations. There are several air–sea surface flux parameterization schemes available in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model; these schemes differ from one another in their formulations of the wind speed–dependent exchange coefficients of momentum, sensible heat, and moisture (latent heat). The effects of surface fluxes on the intensity and structure of tropical cyclones are examined through convection-permitting WRF simulations of Hurricane Katrina (2005).
It is found that the intensity (and, to a lesser extent, structure) of the simulated storms is sensitive to the choice of surface flux parameterization scheme. In agreement with recent studies, the drag coefficient CD is found to affect the pressure–wind relationship (between minimum sea level pressure and maximum 10-m wind speed) and to change the radius of maximum near-surface winds of the tropical cyclone. Fluxes of sensible and latent heat (i.e., moist enthalpy) affect intensity but do not significantly change the pressure–wind relationship. Additionally, when low-level winds are strong, the contribution of dissipative heating to calculations of sensible heat flux is not negligible. Expanding the sensitivity tests to several dozen cases from the 2008 to 2011 Atlantic hurricane seasons demonstrates the robustness of these findings.
A Cell-Integrated Semi-Lagrangian Semi-Implicit Shallow-Water Model (CSLAM-SW) with Conservative and Consistent Transport
Authors: Wong May , Skamarock William C. , Lauritzen Peter H. , Stull Roland B. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
A Cartesian semi-implicit solver using the Conservative Semi-Lagrangian Multitracer (CSLAM) transport scheme is constructed and tested for shallow-water (SW) flows. The SW equations solver (CSLAM-SW) uses a discrete semi-implicit continuity equation specifically designed to ensure a conservative and consistent transport of constituents by avoiding the use of a constant mean reference state. The algorithm is constructed to be similar to typical conservative semi-Lagrangian semi-implicit schemes, requiring at each time step a single linear Helmholtz equation solution and a single application of CSLAM. The accuracy and stability of the solver is tested using four test cases for a radially propagating gravity wave and two barotropically unstable jets. In a consistency test using the new solver, the specific concentration constancy is preserved up to machine roundoff, whereas a typical formulation can have errors many orders of magnitude larger. In addition to mass conservation and consistency, CSLAM-SW also ensures shape preservation by combining the new scheme with existing shape-preserving filters. With promising SW test results, CSLAM-SW shows potential for extension to a nonhydrostatic, fully compressible system solver for numerical weather prediction and climate models.
Observed Microphysical Evolution for Two East Coast Winter Storms and the Associated Snow Bands
Authors: Stark David , Colle Brian A. , Yuter Sandra E. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis paper presents the observed microphysical evolution of two coastal extratropical cyclones (19–20 December 2009 and 12 January 2011) and the associated passage of heavy snowbands in the cyclone comma head. The observations were made approximately 93 km east of New York City at Stony Brook, New York. Surface microphysical measurements of snow habit and degree of riming were taken every 15–30 min using a stereo microscope and camera, and snow depth and snow density were also recorded. A vertically pointing Ku-band radar observed the vertical evolution of reflectivity and Doppler vertical velocities. There were rapid variations in the snow habits and densities related to the changes in vertical motion and depth of saturation. At any one time, a mixture of different ice habits was observed. Certain ice habits were dominant at the surface when the maximum vertical motion aloft occurred at their favored temperature for depositional growth. Convective seeder cells above 4 km MSL resulted in relatively cold (less than −15°C) ice crystal habits (side planes, bullets, and dendrites). Needlelike crystals were prevalent during the preband period when the maximum vertical motion was in the layer from −5° to −10°C. Moderately rimed dendritic crystals were observed at snowband maturity associated with the strongest frontogenetical ascent on the warm (east) side of the bands. Riming rapidly decreased and more platelike crystals became more numerous as the strongest ascent moved east of Stony Brook. Snow-to-liquid density ratios ranged from 8:1 to 13:1 in both events, except during the period of graupel, when the ratio was as low as 4:1.
Correlates of physical activity of children and adolescents: A systematic review of reviews
Authors: Sterdt Elena , Liersch Sebastian , Walter Ulla 
Published: January 2013

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify promoting and inhibiting correlates associated with the physical activity (PA) of children and adolescents (aged 3–18). The intention was to demonstrate the complexity of correlates of PA and to determine possible influencing factors. Design: A systematic review of reviews. Methods: Systematic database research was carried out in Medline, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PsycInfo, Springer Link and Thieme Connect. Inclusion criteria were that the study: (a) was classified as a systematic review with or without meta-analysis; (b) was published between 2000 and 2009; (c) dealt with children and adolescents aged 3–18; (d) had as its dependent variable any measure of overall PA; and (e) reviewed associations between quantitatively measured variables and PA. The internal validity of the systematic reviews thus identified was evaluated using a validated quality instrument. Results: Nine systematic reviews without meta-analysis and one systematic review with meta-analysis were selected. Altogether 16 correlates were identified which were consistently associated with PA of children and/or adolescents: sex, age, ethnicity, parental education, family income, socioeconomic status, perceived competence, self-efficacy, goal orientation/motivation, perceived barriers, participation in community sports, parental support, support from significant others, access to sport/recreational facilities und time outdoors. Conclusions: Although the findings of the reviews covered are to some extent heterogeneous, it is possible to identify consistent correlates of PA in children and adolescents. The results show that PA is a complex and multi-dimensional behaviour determined by numerous biological, psychological, sociocultural and environmental factors.
Test–retest reliability of the Salutogenic Wellness Promotion Scale (SWPS)
Authors: Anderson LM , Moore JB , Hayden BM , Becker CM 
Published: January 2013

Objective: This study examined the temporal stability (i.e. test–retest reliability) of the Salutogenic Wellness Promotion Scale (SWPS) using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Current intraclass results were also compared to previously published interclass correlations to support the use of the intraclass method for test–retest analyses. Method: One thousand, one hundred and thirty-one participants completed the SWPS twice, two weeks apart. ICC and descriptive statistics were calculated. Results: Test–retest reliability was moderate to high for 23 of 25 SWPS items in males and 25 of 25 SWPS items in females. Differences in reliability across the seven SWPS dimensions were observed. Conclusions: The reliability of the SWPS suits it well for further refinement. Intraclass correlation procedures likely detect more error, when compared to interclass correlation analyses, in the examination of temporal stability of measures.
Effect of fly ash on thermal stability, flammability, oil resistance and transport properties of chlorinated styrene butadiene rubber composites
Authors: Ramesan Manammel Thankappan 
Published: January 2013

Fly ash (FA) can be used as a filler in rubber vulcanizates to get rid off their waste. Polymer composite based on chlorinated styrene butadiene rubber (CSBR)/containing varying amount of FA composites has been developed by melt compounding followed by dicumyl peroxide vulcanization. The influence of increased loading of FA on the cure characteristics, mechanical properties, thermal stability, flame and oil resistance has been investigated. The increase in FA loading in CSBR matrices has been found to accelerate the curing process up to 37% compared to unfilled sample. The uniform distribution of FA in CSBR has been confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, which also explained the improved mechanical properties, flame and oil resistance of the composites. The diffusion rate of aromatic hydrocarbon solvents through the composite film is minimum for composites with 30 phr of filler and the rate is increased with increasing the filler content. Activation parameters are estimated and the molecular mass is calculated using Flory–Rehner theory. The sorption data are used to estimate the enthalpy, entropy and free energy of mixing. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, modulus and hardness of the samples decreased after immersion in ASTM oil and the decreasing trend is lower for 30 phr FA-filled samples.
Effect of crystal silica on thermal conductivity of elastic encapsulant
Authors: Shen Mingxia , Han Yongqin , Duan Pengpeng 
Published: January 2013

A crystal silica was intermingled with an elastic ethylene-vinyl acetate polymer to fabricate an encapsulant and improve its thermal conductivity. The encapsulant showed not only an improved thermal conductivity and adhesiveness but also good thermal stability and tenacity. Its thermal conductivity with various sizes, dosage, and surface properties of silica (SiO2) was investigated using laser scattering method. The tenacity and adhesion properties were evaluated using dynamic viscoelasticity and peel strength, respectively. The integrated properties of the encapsulant were obtained while SiO2 reached to 80 wt portions in composite. Thermal conductivity of the composite was less dependent on the surface properties of SiO2.