bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Results of a Nationally Representative Seroprevalence Survey of Chikungunya Virus in Bangladesh
Authors: Allen Sam W , Ribeiro Dos Santos Gabriel , Paul Kishor K , Paul Repon , Rahman Mohammad Ziaur , Alam Mohammad Shafiul , Rahman Mahmudur , Al-Amin Hasan Mohammad , Vanhomwegen Jessica , Weaver Scott C , Smull Taylor , Lee Kyu Han , Gurley Emily S , Salje Henrik 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
There is an increasing global burden from chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Bangladesh reported a major epidemic in 2017, but it was unclear whether there had been prior widespread transmission. We conducted a nationally representative seroprevalence survey in 70 randomly selected communities immediately before the epidemic. We found that 69 of 2938 sampled individuals (2.4%) were seropositive to CHIKV. Seropositivity to dengue virus (adjusted odds ratio, 3.13 [95% confidence interval, 1.86–5.27]), male sex (0.59 [.36–.99]), and community presence of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (1.80 [1.05–3.0]7) were significantly associated with CHIKV seropositivity. Using a spatial prediction model, we estimated that across the country, 4.99 (95% confidence interval, 4.89–5.08) million people had been previously infected. These findings highlight high population susceptibility before the major outbreak and that previous outbreaks must have been spatially isolated.
Judicialization and Public Support for Compliance with International Commitments
Authors: Cohen Harlan , Powers Ryan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWhat effect does judicializing international commitments have on incentives to comply with international law? We study this question using experiments embedded in a survey of the American public. We find that non-compliance signals from an international court work precisely as theories of non-compliance anticipate, raising perceptions of legal obligation and support for returning to compliance relative to non-compliance signals from foreign state parties (i.e., the “victims” in a given dispute). At the same time, we find that signals from courts are no more (and no less) effective in generating public support for returning to compliance than identical non-compliance signals sent by international organizations or domestic political elites. These results suggest that courts are not uniquely positioned to shape the politics of compliance and that the often-rancorous debates over institutional design may be just as much about conflicts over institutional control as they are about conflicts over institutional forms or labels.
Brain homogenate stability for stimulant drugs
Authors: Behnke Grayce , Gray Teresa R , Arndt Crystal 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Brain can be a useful specimen for toxicology testing as it is a protected and isolated organ with lower metabolic activity than other tissues, but there is currently no published data supporting the stability of stimulant drugs in prepared brain homogenates. Brain homogenates were evaluated to determine the stability of the following stimulant drugs: amphetamine, benzoylecgonine, bupropion, cocaethylene, cocaine, ephedrine, methylenedioxyamphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, methamphetamine, and phentermine. Four different homogenates were prepared at a 1:4 dilution with deionized water and fortified at 500 ng/mL of: cocaine without sodium fluoride, cocaine with 1% sodium fluoride, stimulant drugs other than cocaine without sodium fluoride, and stimulant drugs other than cocaine with 1% sodium fluoride. The fortified homogenates were aliquoted into 13 × 100-mm screw cap tubes and stored at room temperature (∼20°C), refrigerated (2–8°C), or frozen (&lt;−5°C) and analyzed in triplicate on Days 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 30, 60, and 90. Analytes were considered stable as long as the difference in analyte/internal standard response ratio from Day 0 was less than 20% and the peaks met qualitative acceptance criteria. All analytes were stable for up to 90 days when stored frozen with or without sodium fluoride and had variable stability at all other evaluated conditions.
Comparing Deaf/Hard-of-Hearing Children’s Oral Narratives Using Movies and Static Books
Authors: Puhlman Jane , Wood Carla 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Clinicians utilize various methods for narrative sampling, including oral assessments like story generation and retelling, often aided by visual aids. Assessing language skills in deaf/hard of hearing (DHH) children requires careful narrative technique selection. This comparative observational study investigates the narrative outcomes of story generation and retelling tasks in 21 DHH children, using both book and movie contexts. Most microstructural elements (except for the mean length of utterance) were similar across the book and movie conditions. Differences in word choice, such as the use of action verbs, were evident. Macrostructural differences between book and movie conditions were insignificant regarding story grammar elements. However, movies, being visually engaging, potentially enhance the inclusion of characters, settings, plot, and actions. This research illuminates narrative assessment considerations, emphasizing technology’s role in enhancing options for assessment for DHH children.
Ten Years of the Single Supervisory Mechanism: Looking into the Past, Navigating into the Future
Authors: Thomadakis Apostolos , Arnal Judith 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
In November 2024 European banking supervision will have been operational for 10 years. The Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM) has evolved from a start-up to a mature, well-established, and respected supervisor. Harmonized and transparent supervisory practices have been implemented, whilst the European banking sector has proved to be resilient. Nevertheless, whilst acknowledging the progress that has been made, Europe should not rest on its laurels.
As the global financial landscape is continuously evolving, the European framework must also evolve. Growing geopolitical tensions, the rise of FinTech and BigTech companies, the ongoing digital transformation, and climate change not only impact banks but also add more complexity to the work of supervisors. This is due to unexpected and difficult-to-model events, the creation of new business models, products, and services, as well as the emergence of cultural, behavioural, and ethical considerations that should be taken into account.
To address these challenges, supervisors should enhance their competencies, approaches, and tools to stay ahead of evolving market dynamics and to remain aligned with the rapid evolution of technology and the risks that climate change poses. Equally important, ensuring thorough and efficient supervision requires fostering and strengthening collaboration and information sharing between all relevant authorities.
Large Legal Fictions: Profiling Legal Hallucinations in Large Language Models
Authors: Dahl Matthew , Magesh Varun , Suzgun Mirac , Ho Daniel E 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDo large language models (LLMs) know the law? LLMs are increasingly being used to augment legal practice, education, and research, yet their revolutionary potential is threatened by the presence of “hallucinations”—textual output that is not consistent with legal facts. We present the first systematic evidence of these hallucinations in public-facing LLMs, documenting trends across jurisdictions, courts, time periods, and cases. Using OpenAI’s ChatGPT 4 and other public models, we show that LLMs hallucinate at least 58% of the time, struggle to predict their own hallucinations, and often uncritically accept users’ incorrect legal assumptions. We conclude by cautioning against the rapid and unsupervised integration of popular LLMs into legal tasks, and we develop a typology of legal hallucinations to guide future research in this area.
Watch and wait in rectal cancer patients with residual mucin on magnetic resonance imaging following neoadjuvant therapy
Authors: Judge Sean J , Malekzadeh Parisa , Corines Marina J , Gollub Marc J , Horvat Natally , Gonen Mithat , Saltz Leonard , Cercek Andrea , Romesser Paul , Crane Christopher , Shia Jinru , Wei Iris , Widmar Maria , Pappou Emmanouil , Nash Garrett M , Smith J Joshua , Paty Philip B , Garcia-Aguilar Julio , Weiser Martin R 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Neoadjuvant therapy leads to a clinical complete response in a considerable proportion of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, allowing for possible nonoperative management. The presence of mucin on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after neoadjuvant therapy leads to uncertainty about residual disease and appropriateness of a watch-and-wait strategy in patients with no evidence of disease on proctoscopy (endoscopic clinical complete response).

Methods
MRI reports for locally advanced rectal cancer patients seen between July 2016 and January 2020 at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center were queried for presence of mucin in the tumor bed on MRI following neoadjuvant therapy. Clinicodemographic, pathologic, and outcome data were compiled and analyzed.

Results
Of 71 patients with mucin on posttreatment MRI, 20 had a clinical complete response, and 51 had abnormalities on endoscopy and/or physical exam. One patient with a clinical complete response opted out of watch-and-wait; thus, 19 (27%) patients entered watch-and-wait, and 52 (73%) patients were planned for surgery (non–watch-and-wait). Of the 19 watch-and-wait patients, 15 (79%) have had no local regrowth with median follow-up of 50 months (range = 29-76 months), while 4 (21%) experienced regrowth between 9 and 29 months after neoadjuvant therapy. Of the 52 patients who were planned to have surgery (non–watch-and-wait), 49 underwent resection while 3 developed metastatic disease that precluded curative-intent surgery. Of the 49 patients who underwent surgery, 5 (10%) had a pathologic complete response (including the patient with an endoscopic clinical complete response).

Conclusions
The presence of mucin after neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer does not preclude watch-and-wait management in otherwise appropriate candidates who achieve an endoscopic clinical complete response.
Transforming patient-centered cancer care using telehealth: the MATCHES Center
Authors: Bange Erin M , Daly Robert M , Lipitz-Snyderman Allison , Kuperman Gilad , Polubriaginof Fernanda C G , Liebertz Chris , Doshi Sahil D , Stevanovic Kristina , Chan Kiana , Bernal Camila , Charvadeh Yasin Khadem , Chen Yuan , Chimonas Susan , Stetson Peter , Schrag Deborah , Morris Michael J , Panageas Katherine S 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Modern cancer care is costly and logistically burdensome for patients and their families despite an expansion of technology and medical advances that create the opportunity for novel approaches to care. Therefore, there is a growing appreciation for the need to leverage these innovations to make cancer care more patient centered and convenient. The Memorial Sloan Kettering Making Telehealth Delivery of Cancer Care at Home Efficient and Safe Telehealth Research Center is a National Cancer Institute–designated and funded Telehealth Research Center of Excellence poised to generate the evidence necessary to inform the appropriate use of telehealth as a strategy to improve access to cancer services that are convenient for patients. The center will evaluate telehealth as a strategy to personalize cancer care delivery to ensure that it is not only safe and effective but also convenient and efficient. In this article, we outline this new center’s research strategy, as well as highlight challenges that exist in further integrating telehealth into standard oncology practice based on early experiences.
Reflections on the state of telehealth and cancer care research and future directions
Authors: Annunziata Christina M , Dahut William L , Willman Cheryl L , Winn Robert A , Knudsen Karen E 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Telemedicine has routinely been used in cancer care delivery for the past 3 years. The current state of digital health provides convenience and efficiency for both health-care professional and patient, but challenges exist in equitable access to virtual services. As increasingly newer technologies are added to telehealth platforms, it is essential to eliminate barriers to access through technical, procedural, and legislative improvements. Moving forward, implementation of new strategies can help eliminate disparities in virtual cancer care, facilitate delivery of treatment in the home, and improve real-time data collection for patient safety and clinical trial participation. The ultimate goal will be to extend high-quality survival for all patients with cancer through improved digital delivery of cancer care.
Quality of palliative radiotherapy assessed using quality indicators: a multicenter survey
Authors: Saito Tetsuo , Shikama Naoto , Takahashi Takeo , Nakamura Naoki , Mori Takashi , Nakajima Kaori , Koizumi Masahiko , Sekii Shuhei , Ebara Takeshi , Kiyohara Hiroki , Higuchi Keiko , Yorozu Atsunori , Nishimura Takeshi , Ejima Yasuo , Harada Hideyuki , Araki Norio , Miwa Misako , Yamada Kazunari , Kawamoto Terufumi , Imano Nobuki , Heianna Joichi , Nozaki Miwako , Wada Yuki , Ohkubo Yu , Uchida Nobue , Watanabe Miho , Kosugi Takashi , Miyazawa Kazunari , Yasuda Shigeo , Onishi Hiroshi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We sought to identify potential evidence-practice gaps in palliative radiotherapy using quality indicators (QIs), previously developed using a modified Delphi method. Seven QIs were used to assess the quality of radiotherapy for bone metastases (BoM) and brain metastases (BrM). Compliance rate was calculated as the percentage of patients for whom recommended medical care was conducted. Random effects models were used to estimate the pooled compliance rates. Of the 39 invited radiation oncologists, 29 (74%) from 29 centers participated in the survey; 13 (45%) were academic and 16 (55%) were non-academic hospitals. For the QIs, except for BoM-4, the pooled compliance rates were higher than 80%; however, for at least some of the centers, the compliance rate was lower than these pooled rates. For BoM-4 regarding steroid use concurrent with radiotherapy for malignant spinal cord compression, the pooled compliance rate was as low as 32%. For BoM-1 regarding the choice of radiation schedule, the compliance rate was higher in academic hospitals than in non-academic hospitals (P = 0.021). For BrM-3 regarding the initiation of radiotherapy without delay, the compliance rate was lower in academic hospitals than in non-academic hospitals (P = 0.016). In conclusion, overall, compliance rates were high; however, for many QIs, practice remains to be improved in at least some centers. Steroids are infrequently used concurrently with radiotherapy for malignant spinal cord compression.
Evaluation of relative biological effectiveness for diseases of the circulatory system based on microdosimetry
Authors: Sato Tatsuhiko , Matsuya Yusuke , Hamada Nobuyuki 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In the next decade, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) will issue the next set of general recommendations, for which evaluation of relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for various types of tissue reactions would be needed. ICRP has recently classified diseases of the circulatory system (DCS) as a tissue reaction, but has not recommended RBE for DCS. We therefore evaluated the mean and uncertainty of RBE for DCS by applying a microdosimetric kinetic model specialized for RBE estimation of tissue reactions. For this purpose, we analyzed several RBE data for DCS determined by past animal experiments and evaluated the radius of the subnuclear domain best fit to each experiment as a single free parameter included in the model. Our analysis suggested that RBE for DCS tends to be lower than that for skin reactions, and their difference was borderline significant due to large variances of the evaluated parameters. We also found that RBE for DCS following mono-energetic neutron irradiation of the human body is much lower than that for skin reactions, particularly at the thermal energy and around 1 MeV. This tendency is considered attributable not only to the intrinsic difference of neutron RBE between skin reactions and DCS but also to the difference in the contributions of secondary γ-rays to the total absorbed doses between their target organs. These findings will help determine RBE by ICRP for preventing tissue reactions.
Spatio-temporal plant hormonomics: from tissue to subcellular resolution
Authors: Petřík Ivan , Hladík Pavel , Zhang Chao , Pěnčík Aleš , Novák Ondřej 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Due to technological advances in mass spectrometry, significant progress has been achieved recently in plant hormone research. Nowadays, plant hormonomics is well established as a fully integrated scientific field focused on the analysis of phytohormones, mainly on their isolation, identification, and spatiotemporal quantification in plants. This review represents a comprehensive meta-study of the advances in the phytohormone analysis by mass spectrometry over the past decade. To address current trends and future perspectives, Web of Science data were systematically collected and key features such as mass spectrometry-based analyses were evaluated using multivariate data analysis methods. Our findings showed that plant hormonomics is currently divided into targeted and untargeted approaches. Both aim to miniaturize the sample, allowing high-resolution quantification to be covered in plant organs as well as subcellular compartments. Therefore, we can study plant hormone biosynthesis, metabolism, and signalling at a spatio-temporal resolution. Moreover, this trend has recently been accelerated by technological advances such as fluorescence-activated cell sorting or mass spectrometry imaging.
Use of Terms
Authors: Calderoni Francesco 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses how Article 2 defines several terms indicated in different articles across the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC). Most definitions are taken from previous treaties, particularly from the 1988 United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances. For years, the challenges of legally defining organized crime limited international cooperation and multilateral instruments. The article provides an overview of the definition and elements of an organized criminal group. The notion of serious crime performs two crucial functions in the system of UNTOC: providing one of the most clearly understandable definitory elements of organized criminal groups and delineating the scope of the Convention.
Criminalization of the Laundering of Proceeds of Crime
Authors: Calderoni Francesco 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on Article 6 addressing the criminalization of money laundering. It primarily complements the preventive measures established in Article 7 of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC). The provision's general obligation aims to criminalize the laundering of the proceeds of crime and to include all serious crimes as defined in Article 2(b) and the other offences established in accordance with the Convention. Moreover, Article 6 is one step in the process of expansion of the global anti-money laundering regime. The growth of the global anti-money laundering regime has substantially improved the consistency of national laws and supported international cooperation.
Prosecution, Adjudication and Sanctions
Authors: Calderoni Francesco 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter elaborates on Article 11 exploring the notion of prosecution, adjudication, and sanctions in the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC). It looks into the provision’s flexible obligations that are largely inspired by corresponding provisions of the 1988 Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances. Moreover, the flexibility leaves the actual implementation to States Parties according to their legal traditions and national systems. Thus, Article 11 highlights the importance of effective sanctions in law and application. The chapter provides the interpretation and general remarks of Article 11 regarding its scope and wording nuances in different paragraphs.
Confiscation and Seizure
Authors: Mancuso Enrico Maria 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter looks into Article 12 of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC). It acknowledges the central role of confiscation in the fight against organized crime and its profits. Confiscation became a deterrent for profit-driven crime, whilst simultaneously depriving organized criminal groups of material resources, which may be used to commit other crimes or to defile the legal economy. The chapter cites Article 12's aims to ensure effective forms of confiscation and seizure, following actual investigations. It tackles the history of negotiation behind the provision, which involves the 1988 Drug Trafficking Convention and the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC).
International Cooperation for Purposes of Confiscation
Authors: Mancuso Enrico Maria 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter explains that Article 13 of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) mainly covers international cooperation issues, particularly ad hoc procedures for confiscation. The relevancy of procedures correlates to fighting serious transnational organized crime, especially since criminals frequently seek to hide proceeds and instrumentalities of crime in more than one jurisdiction to escape law enforcement. International cooperation is vital to ensure that criminals do not take advantage of national borders and differences in legal systems to retain their illegal profits. The chapter details the interpretation of Article 13 in employing international cooperation for the purpose of confiscation. It then explains the requirements needed in the event of a request for a confiscation order.
Transfer of Sentenced Persons
Authors: Schloenhardt Andreas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores Article 17 of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC). Due to increasing transnational criminal activity, the transfer of sentenced persons allows for a person who is convicted and sentenced to a term of imprisonment involving deprivation of liberty in one State to serve their sentence in another State. Additionally, the transfer of sentenced persons is mostly driven by human rights considerations, which allow persons to serve their sentence with the goals of rehabilitation and reintegration. The chapter explains that the transfer of sentenced persons originates in the enforcement of foreign sentences in the context of extradition proceedings. It notes the basis of Article 17 from the 1988 Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances.
Mutual Legal Assistance
Authors: Schloenhardt Andreas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter considers the notion of mutual legal assistance (MLA) indicated in Article 18 of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC). MLA allows States to receive and provide assistance for gathering evidence for investigations and prosecutions. Thus, mutual legal assistance is mostly enshrined in treaties as one of the earliest multilateral instruments was the Council of Europe’s European Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters of 1959. Moreover, Article 18 is based in large parts on the 1988 Drug Trafficking Convention and the United Nations Convention against Corruption. The chapter explains how Article 18 applies to international cooperation in the identification, tracing, and seizure of proceeds of crime, property, and instrumentalities.