bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of anti‐Porphyromonas gingivalis peptidylarginine deiminase immunoglobulin G and peptidylarginine deiminase‐4 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis
Authors: Shimada A. , Kobayashi T. , Ito S. , Okada M. , Murasawa A. , Nakazono K. , Yoshie H. 
Published: June 2015

Background and ObjectiveAutoimmunity against citrullinated proteins through peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) may be involved in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The present study evaluated the serum levels of antibodies to citrullinated proteins and to Porphyromonas gingivalis PAD (PPAD), and the endogenous expression of PAD‐4, in individuals with and without RA, as well as before and after periodontal treatment.Material and MethodsThe study participants consisted of 52 patients with RA (RA group) and 26 age‐, gender‐ and smoking status‐matched healthy controls (non‐RA group). Of the 52 patients, 26 were randomly assigned to receive oral hygiene instruction and supragingival scaling (RA subgroup). After periodontal and rheumatologic assessments, the serum levels of anti‐cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) immunoglobulin G (IgG), anti‐PPAD IgG and PAD‐4 were determined using ELISA.ResultsThe serum levels of anti‐CCP IgG and anti‐PPAD IgG were significantly higher in the RA group than in the non‐RA group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.03). A significant, positive correlation was observed between the serum levels of anti‐PPAD IgG and anti‐CCP IgG (p = 0.04), but not between the serum levels of PAD‐4 and anti‐CCP IgG. Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed a significant association between anti‐PPAD IgG responses and RA after adjustment for age, gender and smoking (p = 0.004). Supragingival scaling significantly improved the periodontal condition and disease activity of RA (p < 0.05), but failed to decrease the serum levels of anti‐CCP IgG, anti‐PPAD IgG and PAD‐4 after 2 mo of treatment.ConclusionThese results might suggest an association between anti‐PPAD IgG and anti‐CCP IgG responses, implicating a role for PPAD in protein citrullination in patients with RA and periodontitis.
Osteogenic potential of dualblocks cultured with human periodontal ligament stem cells: in vitro and synchrotron microtomography study
Authors: Manescu A. , Giuliani A. , Mohammadi S. , Tromba G. , Mazzoni S. , Diomede F. , Zini N. , Piattelli A. , Trubiani O. 
Published: June 2015

Background and ObjectiveIn the present study, the early stages of in vitro bone formation in collagenated porcine scaffolds cultured with human periodontal ligament cells were investigated. The comparison between the osteogenic potential of this structure in basal and differentiating culture media was explored to predict the mechanism of its biological behavior as graft in human defect. Results were validated by synchrotron radiation X‐Ray phase contrast computed microtomography (micro‐CT). As the periodontal disease plays a key role in systemic and oral diseases, it is crucial to find advanced therapeutic clinical interventions to repair periodontal defects. This has been recently explored using cells and tissues developed in vitro that should ideally be immunologically, functionally, structurally and mechanically identical to the native tissue.Material and MethodsIn vitro cultures of human periodontal ligament cells, easily obtained by scraping of alveolar crestal and horizontal fibers of the periodontal ligament, were seeded on to collagenated porcine blocks constituted by natural cancellous and cortical bone. 3D images were obtained by synchrotron radiation micro‐CT and processed with a phase‐retrieval algorithm based on the transport of intensity equation.ResultsStarting from the second week of culture, newly formed mineralized bone was detected in all the scaffolds, both in basal and differentiating media. Bone mineralization was proved to occur preferentially in the trabecular portion and in differentiating media.ConclusionThe chosen method, supported by phase contrast micro‐CT analysis, successfully and quantitatively monitored the early stages of bone formation and the rate of the bioscaffold resorption in basal and differentiating culture media.
Sleep deprivation impairs inhibitory control during wakefulness in adult sleepwalkers
Authors: Labelle Marc‐Antoine , Dang‐Vu Thien Thanh , Petit Dominique , Desautels Alex , Montplaisir Jacques , Zadra Antonio 
Published: June 2015

SummarySleepwalkers often complain of excessive daytime somnolence. Although excessive daytime somnolence has been associated with cognitive impairment in several sleep disorders, very few data exist concerning sleepwalking. This study aimed to investigate daytime cognitive functioning in adults diagnosed with idiopathic sleepwalking. Fifteen sleepwalkers and 15 matched controls were administered the Continuous Performance Test and Stroop Colour‐Word Test in the morning after an overnight polysomnographic assessment. Participants were tested a week later on the same neuropsychological battery, but after 25 h of sleep deprivation, a procedure known to precipitate sleepwalking episodes during subsequent recovery sleep. There were no significant differences between sleepwalkers and controls on any of the cognitive tests administered under normal waking conditions. Testing following sleep deprivation revealed significant impairment in sleepwalkers' executive functions related to inhibitory control, as they made more errors than controls on the Stroop Colour‐Word Test and more commission errors on the Continuous Performance Test. Sleepwalkers' scores on measures of executive functions were not associated with self‐reported sleepiness or indices of sleep fragmentation from baseline polysomnographic recordings. The results support the idea that sleepwalking involves daytime consequences and suggest that these may also include cognitive impairments in the form of disrupted inhibitory control following sleep deprivation. These disruptions may represent a daytime expression of sleepwalking's pathophysiological mechanisms.
Pb‐Pb dating of individual chondrules from the CBa chondrite Gujba: Assessment of the impact plume formation model
Authors: Bollard Jean , Connelly James N. , Bizzarro Martin 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe CB chondrites are metal‐rich meteorites with characteristics that sharply distinguish them from other chondrite groups. Their unusual chemical and petrologic features and a young formation age of bulk chondrules dated from the CBa chondrite Gujba are interpreted to reflect a single‐stage impact origin. Here, we report high‐precision internal isochrons for four individual chondrules of the Gujba chondrite to probe the formation history of CB chondrites and evaluate the concordancy of relevant short‐lived radionuclide chronometers. All four chondrules define a brief formation interval with a weighted mean age of 4562.49 ± 0.21 Myr, consistent with its origin from the vapor‐melt impact plume generated by colliding planetesimals. Formation in a debris disk mostly devoid of nebular gas and dust sets an upper limit for the solar protoplanetary disk lifetime at 4.8 ± 0.3 Myr. Finally, given the well‐behaved Pb‐Pb systematics of all four chondrules, a precise formation age and the concordancy of the Mn‐Cr, Hf‐W, and I‐Xe short‐lived radionuclide relative chronometers, we propose that Gujba may serve as a suitable time anchor for these systems.
Petrology and geochemistry of Northwest Africa 5480 diogenite and evidence for a basin‐forming event on Vesta
Authors: Yamaguchi A. , Barrat J. A. , Shirai N. , Ebihara M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe performed a petrological and geochemical study of an olivine diogenite, Northwest Africa (NWA) 5480. NWA 5480 is a crystalline stone, but shows a heterogeneous texture. Olivine aggregates and grains of olivine and chromite display resorption textures set in a crystalline pyroxene matrix. Large olivine aggregates are penetrated by pyroxene matrix. Flow textures are observed near olivine aggregates. Olivine, chromite, and pyroxene show minor chemical zoning, implying relatively rapid cooling. NWA 5480 contains a significant amount of platinum group elements with chondritic relative proportions. All this evidence supports that NWA 5480 is an impact‐melt breccia from a target composed of olivine and pyroxene‐rich lithologies. Such impact melt would have formed by melting crustal materials, possibly during one of the impacts that formed the South Pole basins on Vesta.
Geographic and temporal dynamics of a global radiation and diversification in the killer whale
Authors: Morin Phillip A. , Parsons Kim M. , Archer Frederick I. , Ávila‐Arcos María C. , Barrett‐Lennard Lance G. , Dalla Rosa Luciano , Duchêne Sebastián , Durban John W. , Ellis Graeme M. , Ferguson Steven H. , Ford John K. , Ford Michael J. , Garilao Cristina , Gilbert M. Thomas P. , Kaschner Kristin , Matkin Craig O. , Petersen Stephen D. , Robertson Kelly M. , Visser Ingrid N. , Wade Paul R. , Ho Simon Y. W. , Foote Andrew D. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractGlobal climate change during the Late Pleistocene periodically encroached and then released habitat during the glacial cycles, causing range expansions and contractions in some species. These dynamics have played a major role in geographic radiations, diversification and speciation. We investigate these dynamics in the most widely distributed of marine mammals, the killer whale (Orcinus orca), using a global data set of over 450 samples. This marine top predator inhabits coastal and pelagic ecosystems ranging from the ice edge to the tropics, often exhibiting ecological, behavioural and morphological variation suggestive of local adaptation accompanied by reproductive isolation. Results suggest a rapid global radiation occurred over the last 350 000 years. Based on habitat models, we estimated there was only a 15% global contraction of core suitable habitat during the last glacial maximum, and the resources appeared to sustain a constant global effective female population size throughout the Late Pleistocene. Reconstruction of the ancestral phylogeography highlighted the high mobility of this species, identifying 22 strongly supported long‐range dispersal events including interoceanic and interhemispheric movement. Despite this propensity for geographic dispersal, the increased sampling of this study uncovered very few potential examples of ancestral dispersal among ecotypes. Concordance of nuclear and mitochondrial data further confirms genetic cohesiveness, with little or no current gene flow among sympatric ecotypes. Taken as a whole, our data suggest that the glacial cycles influenced local populations in different ways, with no clear global pattern, but with secondary contact among lineages following long‐range dispersal as a potential mechanism driving ecological diversification.
Macro‐Hysteresis Test for Brazilian Exports of Manufactured Products: A threshold Panel Approach
Authors: Kannebley Júnior Sérgio , Martins Baroni João Paulo , de Prince Diogo 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTThis study tests for macro‐hysteresis in Brazilian exports of manufactured products using a panel model with threshold parameters according to Hansen. To test hysteresis, the threshold variables are built based on studies by Parslei and Wei, and Penkova. There is evidence of asymmetrical responses, with more pronounced increases in the price elasticity of demand during periods of high depreciation of the exchange rate compared with periods of more pronounced currency appreciation. We also estimate the relative price intervals that correspond to the inaction band.
Locked‐in syndrome caused by bilateral midbrain infarctions with occlusion of the intracranial vertebral artery
Authors: Uemura Masahiro , Takeshima Akari , Akaiwa Yasuhisa , Ninomiya Itaru , Tazawa Ayako , Harigai Toru , Okamoto Kouichirou , Shimohata Takayoshi , Nishizawa Masatoyo 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBilateral cerebral peduncles are rarely simultaneously infarcted unless the basilar artery is involved. A 60‐year‐old man developed locked‐in syndrome because of bilateral cerebral peduncle infarctions with right intracranial vertebral artery occlusion. Dysarthria occurred a day before admission. His neurological condition rapidly deteriorated, and he subsequently became quadriplegic. His left vertebral artery showed a posterior inferior cerebellar artery end pattern, and anastomosis between the anterior and posterior circulations through the hypoplastic right P1 and fine left posterior communicating artery was insufficient; therefore, severe hypoperfusion and multiple infarctions in the distribution of the posterior circulation were induced by right intracranial vertebral artery occlusion. These findings highlight the fact that large‐artery atherosclerosis represents an important cause of mesencephalic infarctions. Several neurological manifestations are caused by intracranial vertebral artery occlusion, and when collateral flow to the posterior circulation is insufficient, intracranial vertebral artery occlusion results in bilateral cerebral peduncle infarctions and locked‐in syndrome without basilar artery occlusion.
Quality of patient information leaflets for Down syndrome screening: A comparison between the UK and Thailand
Authors: Saiklang Parvinee , Skirton Heather 
Published: June 2015

AbstractPrenatal screening tests can help to estimate the possibility of a pregnant woman having a baby with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome). As these tests are optional, it is essential that women are provided with appropriate verbal and written information to enable them to make an informed choice. In this study, we assessed the content and quality of Down syndrome screening information leaflets used by health professionals to provide information to pregnant women in the UK (26 leaflets) and Thailand (11 leaflets). We collected leaflets from health institutions and the Internet, and compared the topics covered in each one against recommendations for patient information on this topic. We also assessed the quality of each leaflet using the DISCERN Genetics tool. While the quality‐rating score of the UK leaflets was significantly higher than the Thai leaflets, none of the leaflets included all the recommended topics; some contained erroneous material. In both countries, the quality of information can be improved to provide accurate information to women and their partners, which is essential to ensure prospective parents can make informed choices during pregnancy.
Ghrelin enhancer, rikkunshito, improves postprandial gastric motor dysfunction in an experimental stress model
Authors: Harada Y. , Ro S. , Ochiai M. , Hayashi K. , Hosomi E. , Fujitsuka N. , Hattori T. , Yakabi K. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundFunctional dyspepsia (FD) is one of the most common disorders of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. However, no curable treatment is available for FD because the detailed mechanism of GI dysfunction in stressed conditions remains unclear. We aimed to clarify the association between endogenous acylated ghrelin signaling and gastric motor dysfunction and explore the possibility of a drug with ghrelin signal‐enhancing action for FD treatment.MethodsSolid gastric emptying (GE) and plasma acylated ghrelin levels were evaluated in an urocortin1 (UCN1) ‐induced stress model. To clarify the role of acylated ghrelin on GI dysfunction in the model, exogenous acylated ghrelin, an endogenous ghrelin enhancer, rikkunshito, or an α2‐adrenergic receptor (AR) antagonist was administered. Postprandial motor function was investigated using a strain gauge force transducer in a free‐moving condition.Key ResultsExogenous acylated ghrelin supplementation restored UCN1‐induced delayed GE. Alpha2‐AR antagonist and rikkunshito inhibited the reduction in plasma acylated ghrelin and GE in the stress model. The action of rikkunshito on delayed GE was blocked by co‐administration of the ghrelin receptor antagonist. UCN1 decreased the amplitude of contraction in the antrum while increasing it in the duodenum. The motility index of the antrum but not the duodenum was significantly reduced by UCN1 treatment, which was improved by acylated ghrelin or rikkunshito.Conclusions & InferencesThe UCN1‐induced gastric motility dysfunction was mediated by abnormal acylated ghrelin dynamics. Supplementation of exogenous acylated ghrelin or enhancement of endogenous acylated ghrelin secretion by rikkunshito may be effective in treating functional GI disorders.
Self‐reported lactose intolerance in clinic patients with functional gastrointestinal symptoms: prevalence, risk factors, and impact on food choices
Authors: Zheng X. , Chu H. , Cong Y. , Deng Y. , Long Y. , Zhu Y. , Pohl D. , Fried M. , Dai N. , Fox M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundMany patients complain of abdominal symptoms with dairy products; however, clinical and psychosocial factors associated with self‐reported lactose intolerance (SLI) have not been assessed in large studies. In particular, data are lacking from lactase deficient populations. This prospective cohort study assessed the prevalence of, and risk factors for, SLI in Chinese patients attending a gastroenterology clinic.MethodsConsecutive patients completed questionnaires to assess digestive health (Rome III), psychological state (HADS), life event stress (LES), food intake, and quality‐of‐life (SF‐8). A representative sample completed genetic studies and hydrogen breath testing (HBT) at the clinically relevant dose of 20 g lactose.Key ResultsSLI was present in 411/910 (45%) clinic patients with functional abdominal symptoms. The genotype in all subjects was C/C‐13910. A small number of novel SNPs in lactase promoter region were identified, including C/T‐13908 which appeared to confer lactase persistence. Over half of the patients (54%) completed the 20 g lactose HBT with 58% (285/492) reporting typical symptoms. Positive and negative predictive values of SLI for abdominal symptoms during HBT were 60% and 44%, respectively. Psychological state and stress were not associated with SLI in clinic patients. SLI impacted on physical quality‐of‐life and was associated with reduced ingestion of dairy products, legumes, and dried fruit (p ≤ 0.05).Conclusions & InferencesIn a lactase deficient population, approximately half of patients attending clinic with functional gastrointestinal symptoms reported intolerance to dairy products; however, SLI did not predict findings on 20 g lactose HBT. Independent of psychosocial factors, SLI impacted on quality‐of‐life and impacted on food choices with restrictions not limited to dairy products.
Targeting tachykinin receptors for the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders with a focus on irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Corsetti M. , Akyuz F. , Tack J. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundTachykinins (TKs) are a family of endogenous peptides widely expressed in the central and in the peripheral nervous systems as well as in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. They act as full agonists at three different membrane receptors neurokinin (NK) 1, NK2, and NK3, which are G protein‐coupled receptors and in the GI tract are expressed both on neurons and effector cells.PurposeThis article reviews the literature concerning the role of TKs in the GI tract function in physiological and pathological conditions and their potential relevance in the treatment of functional GI disorders with particular reference to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The efficacy of NK1 antagonists in chemotherapy‐induced and postoperative nausea and vomiting is well established. While pharmacodynamic studies have reported conflicting and negative results concerning the effects of NK1 and of NK3 antagonists, respectively, on the GI tract function in humans, clinical studies applying the NK3 antagonist talnetant in IBS‐D were negative. Pharmacodynamic studies applying NK2 antagonists have suggested a role for antagonism of NK2 receptors in modulation of GI chemical‐induced altered motility and of stress‐induced altered bowel habits. Clinical studies and in particular a recently completed Phase 2 study have reported that the NK2 antagonist ibodutant is effective and safe in treating symptoms of D‐IBS, especially in females.
Chloride‐inducible transient apoplastic alkalinizations induce stomata closure by controlling abscisic acid distribution between leaf apoplast and guard cells in salt‐stressed Vicia faba
Authors: Geilfus Christoph‐Martin , Mithöfer Axel , Ludwig‐Müller Jutta , Zörb Christian , Muehling Karl H. 
Published: June 2015

Summary

Chloride stress causes the leaf apoplast transiently to alkalize, an event that is presumed to contribute to the ability of plants to adapt to saline conditions. However, the initiation of coordinated processes downstream of the alkalinization is unknown. We hypothesize that chloride‐inducible pH dynamics are a key chemical feature modulating the compartmental distribution of abscisic acid (ABA) and, as a consequence, affecting stomata aperture.

Apoplastic pH and stomata aperture dynamics in intact Vicia faba leaves were monitored by microscopy‐based ratio imaging and porometric measurements of stomatal conductance. ABA concentrations in leaf apoplast and guard cells were compared with pH dynamics by gas‐chromatography‐mass‐spectrometry (GC‐MS) and liquid‐chromatography–tandem‐mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS).

Results demonstrate that, upon chloride addition to roots, an alkalizing factor that initiates the pH dynamic propagates from root to leaf in a way similar to xylem‐distributed water. In leaves, it induces a systemic transient apoplastic alkalinization that causes apoplastic ABA concentration to increase, followed by an elevation of endogenous guard cell ABA.

We conclude that the transient alkalinization, which is a remote effect of chloride stress, modulates the compartmental distribution of ABA between the leaf apoplast and the guard cells and, in this way, is instrumental in inducing stomata closure during the beginning of salinity.
The impact of bariatric surgery on quality of life: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lindekilde N. , Gladstone B. P. , Lübeck M. , Nielsen J. , Clausen L. , Vach W. , Jones A. 
Published: June 2015

SummaryThis study aims to review the obesity literature in order to assess the impact of bariatric surgery on quality of life and the between‐study variation by examining the standardized mean magnitude of effect in change in the levels of quality of life. The following databases EMBASE, PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science were systematically searched for studies examining change in quality of life in adults receiving bariatric surgery for obesity. Seventy‐two studies were included with a total of 9,433 participants treated for obesity with bariatric surgery. The average impact of bariatric surgery on quality of life corresponded to an effect size of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.80–0.96), indicating that bariatric surgery has a significant positive influence on quality of life in general. The impact varied considerably across studies with bariatric surgery showing a significantly greater positive influence on physical quality of life compared to mental quality of life. Bariatric surgery is effective in improving quality of life, especially when looking at physical well‐being. Greater focus on the psychological well‐being of the person undergoing surgery for obesity may lead to a better post‐surgery prognosis for more people.