bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INDONESIAN EFL STUDENTS’ ANXIETY IN SPEECH PRODUCTION: POSSIBLE CAUSES AND REMEDY
Authors: Anandari Christina Lhaksmita 
Published: October 2015

This research examined what causes speech-production-related foreign-language anxiety among Indonesian students majoring in English Language Education. Furthermore, it also looks into whether and how selfreflective activities are able to help these students reduce their anxiety. The data were gathered from a qualitative research conducted on a group of Indonesian students taking a Public Speaking course at Sanata Dharma University. The subjects were given two types of questionnaires to explore the possible causes of their anxiety and their reflection on the process of learning the public speaking skills. The research results show three causes of foreign language anxiety: fear, shyness, and discomfort. The results also demonstrate that self-reflections helped the students deal with foreign language anxiety because they helped the students identify their strengths and weaknesses,conduct problem solving, and increase confidence.
WASHBACK OF ENGLISH NATIONAL EXAMINATION IN THE INDONESIAN CONTEXT
Authors: Furaidah Furaidah , Saukah Ali , Widiati Utami 
Published: October 2015

This study examines how teachers teach English to prepare students for high-stakes English national examination in the Indonesian context. Data were collected from two high-achieving and three low-achieving schools with eleven teachers as the subjects of in-depth interviews and nonparticipatory classroom observations. The findings reveal that bi-directional washback was found in both groups of schools. The schools of low achievers were found to have more intensive negative washback than those of high achievers. The different intensity of negative washback is likely related to the teachers’ perspective about their students’ level of competence for passing the national examination and about the quality of their schools. The consistently unsatisfactory national examination scores of the low-achieving schools, despite their concerted efforts in the examination preparation program, suggest that the government should focus on supporting such schools with more empirically-based empowerment programs, which would become an indispensable follow-up actions regarding the implementation of the highstakes national examination.
SYSTEMIC FUNCTIONAL LINGUISTIC GENRE PEDAGOGY (SFL GP) IN A TERTIARY EFL WRITING CONTEXT IN INDONESIA
Authors: Emilia Emi , Hamied Fuad Abdul 
Published: October 2015

This article reports on the results of a study aiming to investigate whether systemic functional linguistic genre pedagogy (SFL GP) can help students develop their writing ability in English and the students’ opinions about the teaching program using SFL GP. The study was conducted in one semester with 19 student teachers taking a writing course on argumentative texts, in the English Department at a state university in West Java, Indonesia. The texts in focus were Exposition, Discussion and Response to Literary Works, but in the interests of space, the article will centre around Exposition. The study used a qualitative case study research design with data collected from participant observations for 16 meetings, analysis of students’ texts collected over the program, and questionnaires distributed at the conclusion of the program. The results indicate that despite some aspects that still need improvement, SFL GP can generally help students develop their writing ability. Observation data show students’ writing skill improvement supported by students’ texts which depicts good control of the schematic structure and linguistic features of the texts in focus. Finally, questionnaire data reveal students’ consciousness of improved writing skill and positive responses to each activity in the program. Based on the results of the study, it is recommended that SFL GP be implemented in other contexts in Indonesia and other countries.
COURSERA ONLINE COURSE: A PLATFORM FOR ENGLISH TEACHERS’ MEANINGFUL AND VIBRANT PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Silvia Arnis 
Published: October 2015

This article reports on English teachers‘ attitudes towards a professional development program run by Coursera (coursera.org). Theseteachers were participants of Foundation of Teaching for Learning 1: Introduction online course. Using a survey case study, the findings reveal that most of the participants perceive the course as a well-organized and effective platform to engage in professional learning. Coursera is an online learning platform offering various courses for teacher educators which are meaningful (closely related to their daily teaching practice) and vibrant (involves active collaboration among peer participants to review and assess their projects). Albeit this nature, another finding shows that the participants lament that their institutions do not provide professional development (PD) support. In fact, PD programs are not constrained to face-to-face encounters, since it can be designed using online platforms such as Coursera, a massive open online course (MOOC). Accordingly, the contribution of the article is to show how online platforms make meaningful and vibrant teacher professional development (TPD) possible. The implication of the study is that school administrators and policy makers should provide support for their teachers to take online PD programs. This professional learning should contribute to the best teaching practice and student learning attainment.
Análisis del retorno de la inversión en la gestión comercial de los supermercados en el Perú
Authors: Zamudio Gutierrez Alfredo 
Published: October 2015

Para el año 2008 se contaba con 121 supermercados en el Perú y a diciembre 2012 se incrementó a 205 locales. Estas cifras muestran un pleno crecimiento de los supermercados. Es así que nace el presente estudio, analizar el retorno de la inversión en la gestión comercial de los supermercados en el Perú. Según Maximixe (2013) el Perú, a diferencia de otros países como Chile, Brasil y Ecuador presenta una participación de mercado de 15%, mientras que los otros tres países presentan en promedio 60% del mercado moderno. El estudio analizará los supermercados de categoría económicos de medianas superficies, es decir de 1.500 a 2.500 m² de superficie de venta, donde se manejan 20,000 productos aproximadamente, que son los supermercados más representativos y de mayor presencia en el Perú.<br /><br />La investigación tiene como propósito, analizar el retorno de la inversión en la gestión comercial de los supermercados en el Perú utilizando métricas no financieras, para ello se evaluará previamente el análisis de la inversión con métricas financieras, las que servirán de base inicial o estructura para utilizar la nueva metodología propuesta, la cual será explicada en la sección de metodología. Por este motivo es importante conocer los parámetros financieros y no financieros del crecimiento.<br /><br /><strong>Analysis of the return on investment in sales management in supermarkets in Peru</strong><br /><br />By 2008, Peru had 121 supermarkets and by December 2012, the number increased to 205. These numbers show booming supermarket growth. Thus, the current study analyzes the return on investment in sales management among supermarkets in Peru. According to Maximixe (2013), supermarkets in Peru have a 15% market share while other countries like Chile, Brasil and Ecuador have a market share closer to 60%. This study analyzes bargain, medium-sized supermarkets (1,500 to 2,500 square meters of sales floor) that sell approximately 20,000 products, which are the most representative and common supermarkets in Peru.<br /><br />This research seeks to analyze the return on investment of sales management in supermarkets in Peru using non-financial metrics. To do so, we will use financial metrics to analyze the return on investment as a baseline or structure to use the new methodology proposed and explained in a later section. This makes understanding the financial and non-financial growth metrics important.
Engineered Highly Crush-Resistant Cement Slurry to Prevent Lost Circulation
Authors: Veisi M. Sheikh , Taoutaou S. , Steven A. , Pasteris M. , Wedhaswari V. Rasmi , Awalt M. , Kadrie M. , Permata E. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Total E&P Indonesie (TEPI) has been drilling in the Tunu, Tambora, and Handil (TTH) fields located in Delta Mahakam, East-Kalimantan of Indonesia. These fields have been producing gas for some decades in Indonesia. Casing cementation over weak formations and low fracture gradients are some of the major challenges encountered during operations in these fields; hence, designing and pumping lightweight slurry systems with superior performance when compared with conventional cement slurries is required to overcome the aforementioned operational challenges.
Historically, slurries in TTH have been designed with conventional cenospheres as the extender; cenospheres are a byproduct of coal combustion at thermal power plants, and, in some cases, cementing operations would either face lost circulation or sustained casing pressure (SCP) or a combination of both due to cenospheres crush and an increase in downhole density. An alternative method was needed to replace the existing cenosphere-based system and prevent lost circulation, which mainly occurs due to slurry instability and higher downhole density. A comparison study required collection of four different samples of engineered glass bubble extenders.
This paper describes the results of an extensive, thorough study on different slurry designs to replace the current method with a new system to minimize the risk of lost circulation and eventually reduce the risk of SCP which, in some cases, is a consequence of lost circulation. Field implementation results of the new system confirmed an effective reduction in the number of wells encountering lost circulation during cementation. The comparison of cementation with both systems in the same field in more than 150 wells is presented in this paper to provide a case history that reflects operational improvements achieved by using the engineered highly crush-resistant cement slurry system.
Nonprofit Resource Allocation Decisions: A Study of Marginal versus Average Spending
Authors: Kitching Karen A. , Roberts Andrea Alston , Smith Pamela C 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT
Economic theory suggests managers make decisions to allocate resources based on marginal analysis, regardless of how such allocations influence performance measures. Even so, anecdotal evidence suggests that managers of charities deviate from marginal analysis and respond to external pressure from donors to achieve desired performance measures, computed as average ratios of spending on program activities to total spending. We examine whether spending patterns reflect concern and donor pressure by comparing marginal and average spending patterns. We provide evidence that, in most instances, average spending patterns do not change when budgets increase. That is, average program ratios do not change when budgets grow. We find that when budgets decrease, however, charity managers make resource allocation decisions that decrease the average program ratio. This asymmetry suggests that charity managers are more willing to report declining program ratios when budgets decrease, but not improve program ratios when budgets increase. We also find that charities that are small, rely little on contributions, receive no government support, and report zero fundraising make resource allocation decisions that decrease the program ratio when budgets increase. This finding suggests that some charities perceive greater pressure to conform to donor pressure than others.
Anatomy of fleshy fruits in the monocots
Authors: Thadeo Marcela , Hampilos Katherine E. , Stevenson Dennis W. 
Published: October 2015

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:An anatomical and developmental study of distantly related fleshy fruits in the monocots was undertaken to better understand the evolution of baccate fruits in the monocot clade as a whole. We studied 14 species with fleshy fruits spanning the Alismatales, Arecales, Asparagales, Commelinales, Dioscoreales, Liliales, and Poales to determine various mechanisms through which baccate fruits attain fleshiness at maturity.METHODS:Flowers and fruits of various stages were collected, sectioned, stained, and examined using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.KEY RESULTS:Three basic pathways for attaining fleshiness were identified within the species examined (true berries, with a uniform pericarp; typical drupes, with an endocarp differentiated by the presence of stony pyrenes; and specialized drupes, involving mesocarp and endocarp differentiated by stone pyrenes). Furthermore, developmental characters differentiating basic fruit types were identified.CONCLUSIONS:Fleshy fruits in the monocots do not develop through a single shared pathway, indicating that fleshiness has evolved multiple times within the clade.
Seed morphology and anatomy and its utility in recognizing subfamilies and tribes of Zingiberaceae
Authors: Benedict John C. , Smith Selena Y. , Collinson Margaret E. , Leong‐Škorničková Jana , Specht Chelsea D. , Marone Federica , Xiao Xianghui , Parkinson Dilworth Y. 
Published: October 2015

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Recent phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data suggested that the monocot family Zingiberaceae be separated into four subfamilies and four tribes. Robust morphological characters to support these clades are lacking. Seeds were analyzed in a phylogenetic context to test independently the circumscription of clades and to better understand evolution of seed characters within Zingiberaceae.METHODS:Seventy‐five species from three of the four subfamilies were analyzed using synchrotron based x‐ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) and scored for 39 morphoanatomical characters.KEY RESULTS:Zingiberaceae seeds are some of the most structurally complex seeds in angiosperms. No single seed character was found to distinguish each subfamily, but combinations of characters were found to differentiate between the subfamilies. Recognition of the tribes based on seeds was possible for Globbeae, but not for Alpinieae, Riedelieae, or Zingibereae, due to considerable variation.CONCLUSIONS:SRXTM is an excellent, nondestructive tool to capture morphoanatomical variation of seeds and allows for the study of taxa with limited material available. Alpinioideae, Siphonochiloideae, Tamijioideae, and Zingiberoideae are well supported based on both molecular and morphological data, including multiple seed characters. Globbeae are well supported as a distinctive tribe within the Zingiberoideae, but no other tribe could be differentiated using seeds due to considerable homoplasy when compared with currently accepted relationships based on molecular data. Novel seed characters suggest tribal affinities for two currently unplaced Zingiberaceae taxa: Siliquamomum may be related to Riedelieae and Monolophus to Zingibereae, but further work is needed before formal revision of the family.
Restorative Justice: The Institutional Turn
Authors: Poama Andrei 
Published: October 2015

Résumé Cette introduction remplit trois fonctions. Premièrement, je précise le contenu de l’idée de tournant institutionnel vers la justice restaurative. Deuxièmement, j’identifie trois positions centrales partagées par les auteurs qui écrivent pour ce numéro collectif. Ces positions sont les suivantes : celle du convergentisme (entre l’idéal de la restauration et la pratique pénale), celle de l’optimisme (concernant l’efficience institutionnelle de l’idéal de la justice restaurative) et celle du comparativisme (entre différentes manières de traiter le problème du crime). Troisièmement, j’interprète l’orientation générale de notre justification du tournant institutionnel vers la justice restaurative dans les termes de la théorie politique activiste.
Many Men Are Good Judges in Their Own Case: Restorative Justice and the Nemo Iudex Principle in Anglo-American Law
Authors: Page Jennifer M. 
Published: October 2015

Le principe du nemo iudex in causa sua (« nul n’est juge en sa propre cause ») occupe unrôle central dans la théorie contractualiste de John Locke : l’État est pénalement justifié en grande partie à cause du besoin humain pour l’existence d’un système pénal impartial. Dans la pratique judiciaire anglo-américaine, la valeur de l’impartialité est acceptée de manière non critique. Par ailleurs, ceux qui soutiennent la justice restaurative font souvent référence au droit qu’a la victime d’avoir sa voix entendue dans le procès pénal, sans prendre en compte la pertinence morale de l’impartialité. Cet article conteste la centralité de l’impartialité en matière de justice pénale et affirme que cette dernière conduit à un cadre institutionnel non adéquat depuis une perspective de psychologie morale. Bien que les partisans de la justice restaurative ne prennent pas une position principielle lorsqu’il s’agit de rejeter la valeur de l’impartialité et le principe du nemo iudex, les pratiques de justice qu’ils encouragent supposent que la victime soit juge en sa propre cause.
The European Climate Policy is Ambitious: Myth or Reality?
Authors: Benjamin Catherine , Cadoret Isabelle , Hubert Marie-Hélène 
Published: October 2015

Nous analysons les évolutions dans le long terme des émissions de carbone en Europe en s’appuyant sur le concept de convergence des émissions de CO 2 par tête conditionnelle au revenu par tête, au prix mondial du pétrole, à la consommation énergétique par tête et à l’investissement en énergie renouvelable. L’hypothèse de convergence conditionnelle entre les pays de l’Union Européenne est vérifiée. Les pays de l’UE-15 devraient stabiliser leurs émissions d’ici 10 ans. Ce résultat est inchangé si nous incluons les nouveaux pays Membres dans l’échantillon. Les économies de l’Union Européenne sont peu intensives en carbone, i.e. , la relation croissance des émissions/ revenu est strictement négative. Ce résultat est robuste si nous incluons les nouveaux États Membres. Puis, nous discutons de l’efficacité des politiques énergétique et climatique et de la répartition de l’effort d’abattement entre les différents pays Membres. L’Allemagne, la Grande-Bretagne et la France peuvent atteindre leur cible de carbone sans réaliser d’efforts supplémentaires. Les autres États Membres de l’UE-15 peuvent atteindre la cible en réalisant des investissements dans les énergies renouvelables et en améliorant leur efficacité énergétique. Les émissions des nouveaux États Membres devraient être inférieures à leur valeur cible malgré l’augmentation du revenu par tête et du prix de pétrole.
Influence of limnological zones on the spatial distribution of fish assemblages in three Brazilian reservoirs
Authors: Becker Bárbara , Galhardo Bárbara De Oliveira Sanches , Macedo Diego Rodrigues , Hughes Robert M. , Callisto Marcos , Santos Gilmar B. 
Published: October 2015

Reservoirs can have both positive and negative effects on differing fish species depending on the species concerned and reservoir morphology, flow regime, and basin location. We assessed the influence of limnological zones on the ichthyofauna of three large Neotropical reservoirs in two different river basins. We sampled fish through use of gill nets set at 40 systematically selected sites on each reservoir. We used satellite images, algae, and suspended solids concentrations to classify those sites as lacustrine or riverine. We observed significant differences in assemblage composition between riverine and lacustrine zones of each reservoir. We either tested if the same region (lacustrine or riverine) showed the same patterns in different reservoirs. In São Simão, the riverine zone produced greater abundances of native species, long-distance migratory species, diversity, and richness, whereas the lacustrine zone supported greater total and non-native species abundances. Conversely, in Três Marias, the riverine zone supported greater total and non-native species abundances, whereas the others traits evaluated did not differ significantly between zones. Only lacustrine sites occurred in Volta Grande Reservoir. The same zones in the three reservoirs usually had significantly different patterns in the traits evaluated. The differences in spatial patterns observed between reservoirs could be explained partly by the differing morphologies (complex versus linear), the differential influence of tributaries of each reservoir and basin positions (presence or absence of upstream dams) of the reservoirs.
Reading the “Outsider Within”: Counter-Narratives of Human Rights in Black Women’s Fiction
Authors: McCoy Shane 
Published: October 2015

In Pedagogies of Crossing (2005), M. Jacqui Alexander asserts that human rights are not rights at all; in fact, human rights does little to mitigate the violence perpetuated by late capitalism and the legacies of imperialism and colonialism. Alexander’s point of contention brings to bear the fact that the passing of human rights by the United Nations, among other groups, institutes a “dominant knowledge framework” that does nothing to mitigate the violence perpetuated by unequal power structures (2005; 124). My paper focuses on the function of literary counter-narratives as a useful pedagogical strategy for teaching about human rights in the undergraduate classroom. I frame my analysis within the theoretical debates in critical pedagogy and turn to what Stephen Slemon defines as the “primal scene of colonialist management”—the literary studies classroom—in order to examine the ways in which contemporary black women’s writing problematizes the rhetoric of ‘women’s rights as human rights.’ Despite the common belief that white middle-class readers are consuming ‘exotic’ literature when reading immigrant fiction, as noted by scholars Kanishka Chowdhury (1992) and Inderpal Grewal (2005), I maintain that counter-narratives are useful for intervening in the reproduction of a “patriotic education” (Sheth 2013) that undergirds rights-based discourse, in general, and human rights, in particular, as desirable global policies that mitigate the violence of social injustices. Through primary texts Michelle Cliff’s Abeng (1984), Jamaica Kincaid’s Lucy (1990), and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Americanah (2013), I argue that these texts perform a counter-“cultural technology” in teaching about human rights in literary studies through the lens of “race radicalism” (Melamed 2011), that is cultural production that interrupts the totalizing effects of neocolonial and imperial discourses so often produced in dominant Western literature. Cliff, Kincaid, and Adichie strategically produce oppositional “outsider” narratives that trouble the hegemonic narrative of ‘women’s rights as human rights,’ which implicitly positions women of color in a subordinate position (Mohanty 1986; Spivak 1986). As black feminist Patricia Hill Collins notes, the “‘outsider within’ status has provided a special standpoint on self, family, and society for Afro-American women.” This standpoint is especially productive for “producing distinctive analyses of race, class, and gender.” I extend Hill Collins’ concept to also include the category of ‘nation.’ Simply put, I argue that the counter-narratives produced by these writers make privy the position of the cultural outsider to American students who have “taken-for-granted assumptions” of human rights discourses as cultural insiders in the U.S. With insight drawn from critical pedagogy, I construct a counter-curriculum that intervenes in a reproduction of global human rights policies constructed through neoliberal ideologies.