bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A highly efficient dispersant from black liquor for carbendazim suspension concentrate: Preparation, self‐assembly behavior and investigation of dispersion mechanism
Authors: Hong Nanlong , Li Yuan , Qiu Xueqing 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTCompared with traditional approaches using synthetic amphiphilic block copolymers, alkyl chain cross‐linked lignosulfonate (ASL) with high molecular weight (Mw) from black liquor was synthesized and characterized by GPC, functional group content, FTIR, and 1H‐NMR measurement, and then used as water soluble amphiphilic biopolymer to prepare polymersomes via solution self‐assembly. DLS illustrated the solution assembly behavior. The hollow nature of nanospheres was revealed by TEM. Moreover, the element analysis and XPS results revealed the hollow sphere structure with a hydrophilic core and a hydrophobic shell. It facilitated the efficient encapsulation of pesticide carbendazim into the hollow sphere via electrostatic interaction, which was investigated by SEM, TEM, elemental analysis and XPS. In our study, ASLs with different Mw from 20 kDa to 200 kDa all could exhibit the similar self‐assembly behavior, which suggests that the hollow spheres and the encapsulation experiment were easily duplicated from ASL polymers without structure dependence. Furthermore, the dispersion properties of ASL in the carbendazim suspension concentrate (SC) system were also investigated, which showed that SC with ASL exhibited better dispersion property and rheological performance than that of NSF and commercial LS. Preparation and application of polymersomes via self‐assembly from modified‐lignin from black liquor provide a promising and effective scaffold which can be conveniently obtained from cheap and renewable bioresource. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43067.
β‐cyclodextrin‐conjugated hyaluronan hydrogel as a potential drug sustained delivery carrier for wound healing
Authors: Li Ruicong , Zhang Xiaoting , Zhang Qiuyu , Liu Huahua , Rong Jianhua , Tu Mei , Zeng Rong , Zhao Jianhao 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTIn order to develop a potential drug sustained delivery carrier suitable for wound healing, a series of β‐cyclodextrin conjugated hyaluronan hydrogels (β‐CD‐HA) with adjustable crosslink densities were synthesized and characterized, meanwhile the delivery kinetics and mechanism of diclofenac as a model anti‐inflammatory drug from these hydrogels were investigated. By controlling the feeding molar ratio of β‐CD/HA, a β‐CD substitution degree of 4.65% was obtained by1H‐NMR analysis. The incorporation of β‐CD modification had little effect on the internal porous structure, water swelling ratio, and rheological property of HA hydrogel, which however were influenced by the crosslink density. Although the crosslink density had an influence on the drug loading and release profile by altering the water swelling property, the interaction between β‐CD and drug was the primary factor for the high loading capacity and long‐term sustained delivery of diclofenac. The semiempirical equation fit showed that the release of diclofenac from HA‐based hydrogels followed a pseudo‐Fickian diffusion mechanism. By the aid of β‐CD and controlled crosslink density, a β‐CD‐HA hydrogel with a diclofenac sustained delivery period of over 28 days and desirable physicochemical properties was achieved, which will be a promising drug sustained delivery carrier for wound healing. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2016,133, 43072.
Pharmacokinetic study of dendrobine in rat plasma by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Wang Shuanghu , Wu Haiya , Geng Peiwu , Lin Yingying , Liu Zezheng , Zhang Lijing , Ma Jianshe , Zhou Yunfang , Wang Xianqin , Wen Congcong 
Published: November 2015

AbstractDendrobine, considered as the major active alkaloid compound, has been used for the quality control and discrimination of Dendrobium which is documented in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. In this work, a sensitive and simple ultra‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) method for determination of dendrobine in rat plasma is developed. After addition of caulophyline as an internal standard (IS), protein precipitation by acetonitrile–methanol (9:1, v/v) was used to prepare samples. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a UPLC BEH C18 (2.1 ×100 mm, 1.7 µm) column with acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid as the mobile phase with gradient elution. An electrospray ionization source was applied and operated in positive ion mode; multiple reaction monitoring mode was used for quantification using target fragment ions m/z 264.2 → 70.0 for dendrobine and m/z 205.1 → 58.0 for IS. Calibration plots were linear throughout the range 2–1000 ng/mL for dendrobine in rat plasma. The RSDs of intra‐day and inter‐day precision were both <13%. The accuracy of the method was between 95.4 and 103.9%. The method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study of dendrobine after intravenous administration. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Country of origin and brand image influences on perceptions of online game quality
Authors: Kim Sang Jin , Choi Yung Kyun , Kim Kyung Hoon , Liu Honglei 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe authors of this study investigate online game consumption in Korea and China, the two key Asian markets, to analyze relationships among country of origin (COO), brand image, belief toward online games, and perceived game quality. Perceived game quality includes three dimensions of quality: product quality, service quality, and gratification quality. The authors survey 355 Korean and Chinese online game users and find that brand image influences quality perceptions directly or indirectly through brand belief. Compared with brand image, COO seems to have indirect and weaker effects on perceptions of game quality. The multigroup research model reveals several cross‐country differences. COO significantly affects beliefs in China but not in Korea. Brand image more highly impacts brand beliefs in Korea than it does in China. To signal superior product or service quality to Chinese users, game developers should highlight COO along with other product information. To appeal to Korean users, game developers should strengthen symbolic aspects of brand image because Koreans react more positively to brand personality, brand content, and corporate identity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Morphological, Functional, and Biological Vascular Healing Response 6 Months After Drug‐Eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Nakata Tsuyoshi , Fujii Kenichi , Fukunaga Masashi , Shibuya Masahiko , Kawai Kenji , Kawasaki Daizo , Naito Yoshiro , Ohyanagi Mitsumasa , Masuyama Tohru 
Published: November 2015

ObjectivesThis study evaluated coronary endothelial function after the implantation of sirolimus‐eluting stents (SESs), everolimus‐eluting stents (EESs), and zotarolimus‐eluting stents (ZES) by a different methodology, and also analyzed whether optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings represent endothelial healing after stenting.BackgroundIt is unclear whether OCT assessment of stent strut coverage represents endothelial healing after drug‐eluting stent implantation.MethodsThirty patients with a left anterior descending artery lesion were randomized 1:1:1 to receive an SES, EES, or ZES. The vascular response was evaluated 6 months after stenting by three methods: the functional response by acetylcholine infusion, the morphological response by OCT, and the biological response by measuring vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels.ResultsThe proportion of uncovered struts by OCT at 6 months was significantly higher in both SES and EES than in ZES. However, the vasomotor response was impaired and the VEGF level of the coronary sinus was significantly lower in SES than in EES and ZES. There were no relationships between the OCT findings and vasomotor response to acetylcholine and VEGF levels in all cohorts.ConclusionsThe vascular response at 6 months was more preserved in ZES and EES than in SES. Our results suggest that the morphological assessment with OCT may not always be used as a surrogate for functional and biological healing response after stenting. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Geographical miss is associated with vulnerable plaque and increased major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Calvert Patrick A. , Brown Adam J. , Hoole Stephen P. , Obaid Daniel R. , West Nick E.J. , Bennett Martin R. 
Published: November 2015

ObjectivesTo determine the incidence, characteristics, and outcomes associated with geographical miss (GM) of plaque.BackgroundGM describes plaques that are incompletely covered following stenting, with GM thought to be associated with worse clinical outcomes. However, the incidence and characteristics of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)‐defined GM plaques have never been studied and the relationship between GM with both short and long‐term clinical events is unknown.MethodsOne hundred and seventy patients with stable angina (n = 100) or myocardial infarction (MI) (n = 70) underwent virtual‐histology IVUS (VH‐IVUS) prior to, and following, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). GM was defined as three consecutive uncovered VH frames, either proximal or distal to the stented segment with plaque burden >40%. MACE was defined as a composite of death, myocardial infarction, unplanned revascularization, or hospitalization for angina.ResultsIn total, 245 plaques underwent PCI with 80 (32.7%) displaying evidence of GM (69 patients). GM was associated with increased plaque volume (p < 0.001), % necrotic core, and dense calcium (both p < 0.001) and VH‐defined thin‐cap fibroatheroma (VH‐TCFA) (p = 0.01). GM was not associated with increased periprocedural MI (p = 0.15) or inflammatory cytokine release. At follow‐up, 42 MACE occurred in 28 patients (median 1,115 days). MACE was attributable to 8/80 (10%) plaques with and 7/165 (4.2%) plaques without GM (log‐rank p = 0.11). GM was associated with increased MACE in patients presenting with MI (p = 0.015), but not for those with stable angina (p = 0.94).ConclusionsGM is common after PCI and associated with more vulnerable plaque composition/subtype. GM may confer a worse prognosis in patients undergoing PCI for MI. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Revascularization heart team recommendations as an adjunct to appropriate use criteria for coronary revascularization in patients with complex coronary artery disease
Authors: Sanchez Carlos E. , Dota Anthony , Badhwar Vinay , Kliner Dustin , Smith A.J. Conrad , Chu Danny , Toma Catalin , Wei Lawrence , Marroquin Oscar C. , Schindler John , Lee Joon S. , Mulukutla Suresh R. 
Published: November 2015

ObjectivesTo evaluate how a comprehensive evidence‐based clinical review by a multidisciplinary revascularization heart team on treatment decisions for revascularization in patients with complex coronary artery disease using SYNTAX scores combined with Society of Thoracic Surgeons‐derived clinical variables can be additive to the utilization of Appropriate Use Criteria for coronary revascularization.BackgroundDecision‐making regarding the use of revascularization for coronary artery disease has come under major scrutiny due to inappropriate overuse of revascularization. There is little data in routine clinical practice evaluating how a structured, multidisciplinary heart team approach may be used in combination with the Appropriate Use Criteria for revascularization.MethodsFrom May 1, 2012 to January 1, 2015, multidisciplinary revascularization heart team meetings were convened to discuss evidence‐based management of 301 patients with complex coronary artery disease. Heart team recommendations were adjudicated with the Appropriate Use Criteria for coronary revascularization for each clinical scenario using the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions' Quality Improvement Toolkit (SCAI‐QIT) Appropriate Use Criteria App.ResultsConcordance of the Heart Team to Appropriate Use Criteria had a 99.3% appropriate primary indication for coronary revascularization. Among patients who underwent percutaneous revascularization, 34.9% had an inappropriate or uncertain indication as recommended by the Heart Team. Patients with uncertain or inappropriate percutaneous coronary interventions had significantly higher SYNTAX score (27.3 ± 6.6; 28.5 ± 5.5; 19.2 ± 6; P < 0.0001) and Society of Thoracic Surgeons‐Predicted Risk of Mortality (6.1% ± 4.7%; 8.1% ± 6.3%; 3.7% ± 4.1%; P < 0.0081) compared to appropriate indications, frequently had concomitant forms of advanced comorbidities and frailty in the setting of symptomatic coronary artery disease.ConclusionsA formal, multidisciplinary revascularization heart team can provide proper validation for clinical decisions and should be considered in combination with the Appropriate Use Criteria for coronary revascularization to formulate revascularization strategies for individuals in a patient‐centered fashion. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Predictors of survival following trans‐catheter aortic valve closure for left ventricular assist device associated aortic insufficiency
Authors: Retzer Elizabeth M. , Sayer Gabriel T. , Fedson Savitri E. , Nathan Sandeep , Jeevanandam Valluvan , Friant Janet , Uriel Nir , Lang Roberto M. , Russo Mark J. , Shah Atman P. 
Published: November 2015

ObjectiveThis study sought to assess the long‐term clinical benefits and predictors of survival of trans‐catheter aortic valve closure in left ventricular assist device (LVAD) patients.BackgroundLVADs have been shown to increase survival and quality of life in patients with end‐stage heart failure. However, severe aortic insufficiency (AI) can develop in up to 50% of patients at 12 months resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Trans‐catheter treatment of LVAD associated AI has emerged as a potential alternative to surgical treatment.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing trans‐catheter aortic valve closure using an Amplatzer Multi‐Fenestrated Septal Occluder “Cribriform” device to assess potential clinical and procedural factors associated with survival. Student's t‐tests were used to compare baseline patient demographics and procedural characteristics, as well as patient outcomes immediately post procedure and at 6 months. A P‐value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 10 patients (70% male, median age 59 years) were included. Technical success was accomplished in 100% of patients with a 6 month survival rate of 30% (3/10). Compared with survivors, non‐survivors had a higher rate of pre‐procedural clinical co‐morbidities, an increased likelihood of right ventricular failure, and received larger occluder devices.ConclusionsTrans‐catheter aortic valve closure successfully treats late severe AI in LVAD patients, however, the presence or development of right heart failure portends a worse prognosis. Further studies are needed to investigate the factors involved in the development of right ventricular failure, and potential treatment, in patients undergoing trans‐catheter aortic valve closure. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of simplified and comprehensive methods for assessing the index of microvascular resistance in heart transplant recipients
Authors: Geir Solberg Ole , Aaberge Lars , Ragnarsson Asgrimur , Aas Marit , Endresen Knut , Šaltytė Benth Jūratė , Gullestad Lars , Stavem Knut 
Published: November 2015

ObjectivesThe objectives of the present study were to compare a simplified and a comprehensive method of estimating the index of microvascular resistance (IMR) and assess the changes from 7–11 weeks to 1 year after heart transplant (HTx).Backgroundhe IMR is specific to the microvasculature and reflects the status of the microcirculation in cardiac patients and can be estimated via a simplified method (IMRs) or a comprehensive method (IMRc). The calculation for the latter includes coronary wedge pressure and central venous pressure.MethodsConsecutively transplanted patients (n = 48) underwent left and right heart catheterization including physiological evaluation at two time points post‐HTx. The agreement between the values of IMR obtained using the IMRs and IMRc methods were assessed using Bland–Altman analysis. The agreements and differences were assessed using mixed model analysis.ResultsThe mean bias between IMRs and IMRc was 1.3 mm Hg·s (95% limits of agreement: −1.2, 3.8 mm Hg). Between 7–11 weeks and 1 year post‐HTx there was a significant decline in IMRs values (P = 0.03) but a smaller and statistically nonsignificant decline in IMRc values (P = 0.13). The significant difference (P = 0.04) between IMRc and IMRs 7–11 weeks post‐HTx was no longer present at 1 year (P = 0.24).ConclusionsThe IMRs method resulted in slightly higher IMR estimates and exhibited a somewhat larger change over the 10‐month follow‐up period than the IMRc method. However, the differences between the methods were small and unlikely to be of clinical importance. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rotational atherectomy before paclitaxel‐eluting stent implantation in complex calcified coronary lesions: Two‐year clinical outcome of the randomized ROTAXUS trial
Authors: de Waha Suzanne , Allali Abdelhakim , Büttner Heinz‐Joachim , Toelg Ralph , Geist Volker , Neumann Franz‐Josef , Khattab Ahmed A. , Richardt Gert , Abdel‐Wahab Mohamed 
Published: November 2015

BackgroundIn the randomized ROTAXUS trial, routine lesion preparation of complex calcified coronary lesions using rotational atherectomy (RA) prior to paclitaxel‐eluting stent implantation did not reduce the primary endpoint of angiographic late lumen loss at 9 months compared to stenting without RA. So far, no long‐term data of prospective head‐to‐head comparisons between both treatment strategies have been reported.Methods and ResultsROTAXUS randomly assigned patients with complex calcified coronary lesions to RA followed by stenting (n = 120) or stenting without RA (n = 120). The primary endpoint of the current analysis was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 2‐year follow‐up defined as the composite of death, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization (TVR). At 2 years, MACE occurred in 32 patients in the RA group and 37 patients in the standard therapy group (29.4% vs. 34.3%, P = 0.47). The rates of death (8.3% vs. 7.4%, P = 1.00), myocardial infarction (8.3% vs. 6.5%, P = 0.80), target lesion revascularization (TLR, 13.8% vs. 16.7%, P = 0.58), and TVR (19.3% vs. 22.2%, P = 0.62) were similar in both groups.ConclusionDespite high rates of initial angiographic success, nearly one third of patients enrolled in ROTAXUS experienced MACE within 2‐year follow‐up, with no differences between patients treated with or without RA. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Completeness of revascularization and its impact on the outcomes of a staged approach of percutaneous coronary intervention followed by minimally invasive valve surgery for patients with concomitant coronary artery and valvular heart disease
Authors: Pineda Andrés M. , Chandra Ramesh , Gowani Saqib A. , Santana Orlando , Mihos Christos G. , Kirtane Ajay J. , Stone Gregg W. , Kurlansky Paul , Smith Craig R. , Beohar Nirat 
Published: November 2015

BackgroundA staged approach of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) followed by minimally invasive valve surgery (MIVS) is an alternative to the conventional combined coronary artery bypass and valve surgery for patients with concomitant coronary artery and valve disease. Limited data exist on degree of the completeness of revascularization achieved with this approach and its impact on outcomes.MethodsA total of 138 patients, who underwent a staged approach between January 2009 and June 2013, were retrospectively evaluated. Coronary angiograms were reviewed by two cardiologists blinded to outcomes and were then categorized into two groups: complete or incomplete revascularization, which was defined as ≥1 major epicardial coronary arteries of at least 2.0 mm diameter with ≥70% untreated obstruction after the index PCI and before MIVS.ResultsComplete and incomplete revascularization was achieved in 105 (76%) and 33 (24%) patients, respectively. The patients with incomplete revascularization had a lower ejection fraction, a higher STS score, and more prior myocardial infarctions and multi‐vessel coronary artery disease. There were no differences in the post‐operative complications, 30‐day mortality, or 3‐year survival (84 vs. 83%, P = 0.68). After a median follow‐up of 29 months, incompletely revascularized patients had a higher incidence of acute coronary syndrome (2.9 vs. 12.9%, P = 0.05).ConclusionsIn patients undergoing a staged approach of PCI followed by MIVS, incomplete revascularization did not significantly impact the short or mid‐term survival, but was associated with an increased incidence of acute coronary syndrome at follow‐up. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Aortic regurgitation following transcatheter aortic valve replacement: Impact of preprocedural left ventricular diastolic filling patterns on late clinical outcomes
Authors: Halkin Amir , Steinvil Arie , Aviram Galit , Biner Simon , Banai Shmuel , Keren Gad , Finkelstein Ariel , Topilsky Yan 
Published: November 2015

ObjectivesTo investigate the impact of preprocedural left ventricular (LV) diastolic function on outcomes of patients with postprocedural aortic regurgitation (ARpost) following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).BackgroundThe predictors and mechanisms of the increased mortality in patients with ARpost are inadequately defined.MethodsBaseline clinical and echocardiographic variables from a prospective TAVR registry were analyzed. Preprocedural correlates of late outcomes (all‐cause mortality and the composite of mortality, stroke, heart failure, and new‐onset atrial fibrillation) were examined according to the presence and severity of ARpost.ResultsOf the 418 patients undergoing TAVR, ARpost was present in 212 (51%): mild 36%, moderate–severe 15%. Mean follow‐up was 909 ± 489 days. All‐cause mortality and composite endpoint rates were significantly increased in patients with moderate–severe ARpost compared with patients with either none or only mild ARpost (38, 22, 21%, P = 0.02; and, 56, 35, 40%, P = 0.01; respectively). Moderate–severe (though not mild) ARpost was independently associated with mortality and the composite endpoint (HR = 1.93 [95%CI 1.15–3.14], P = 0.01; HR = 1.85 [95%CI 1.22–2.77], P = 0.004], respectively). By multivariate analysis, preprocedural LV deceleration time (DT) < 160 ms was independently associated with the risk of all‐cause mortality and the composite endpoint among patients with mild AR (HR = 1.74 [95%CI 1.14–2.60], P = 0.01; and, HR = 1.73 [95%CI 1.23–2.41], P = 0.002, respectively) and moderate–severe ARpost (HR = 1.81 [95%CI 1.28–2.51], P < 0.001; HR = 1.86 [95%CI 0.22–2.80], P = 0.004, respectively).ConclusionsPreprocedural impairment of LV filling, reflected by short DT, portends an adverse prognosis in TAVR patients who develop ARpost independently of other clinical and echocardiocardigraphic measures including AS severity and systolic LV function. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.