bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Dreams of Middle Class: Consumption, Life-course and Migration Between Bangladesh and Portugal
Authors: MAPRIL JOSÉ 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn the past 20 years, Bangladeshi migration to Southern European countries has gained an increasing importance. Portugal is no exception, and today more than 4,500 Bangladeshis live in the country. One of the more interesting facets of this population, though, is their educational and economic profile. They come from what has been roughly summed up as the ‘new’ Bangladeshi ‘middle classes’. Their families are both rural and urban, have properties, and own businesses. Other members of their domestic units work in NGOs, and private and state owned companies. Simultaneously, they have considerable educational backgrounds, with college and university degrees, and most are fluent in English. But what was their motivation to come to Europe in the first place? And what does this tell us about the young Bangladeshi middle class? For these young Bangladeshi adults, it is through geographic mobility that one can earn enough economic capital to access the ‘modern’ and to progress in the life-course. By remaining in Bangladesh, their access to middle class status and adulthood is not guaranteed and thus migrating to Europe is seen as a possible avenue for achieving such dreams and expectations. The main argument in this paper is that migration—as a resource and a discoursive formation—is itself constitutive of this ‘middle class’.
Fairness and the Politics of Resentment
Authors: HOGGETT PAUL , WILKINSON HEN , BEEDELL PHEOBE 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe role of the emotions in the framing of welfare policies is still relatively underexplored. This article examines the role of resentment in the construction of a particular form of ‘anti-welfare populism’ advanced by the Coalition Government in the UK after 2010. We argue that UK political parties have appropriated the discourse of fairness to promote fundamentally divisive policies which have been popular with large sections of the electorate including, paradoxically, many poorer voters. In focus group research in white working class communities in the UK undertaken just before the 2010 General Election, resentments related to perceived unfairness and loss emerged as very strong themes among our respondents. We examine such resentments in terms of an underlying ‘structure of feeling’ which fuels the reactionary populism seen in ‘anti-welfare’ discourses. These promote increasingly conditional and punitive forms of welfare in countries experiencing austerity, such as the UK, creating rivalries rather than building solidarities amongst those who ‘have little’ and drawing attention away from greater inequalities.
AUTOMORPHISMS AND OPPOSITION IN TWIN BUILDINGS
Authors: DEVILLERS ALICE , PARKINSON JAMES , VAN MALDEGHEM HENDRIK 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWe show that every automorphism of a thick twin building interchanging the halves of the building maps some residue to an opposite one. Furthermore, we show that no automorphism of a locally finite 2-spherical twin building of rank at least 3 maps every residue of one fixed type to an opposite (a key step in the proof is showing that every duality of a thick finite projective plane admits an absolute point). Our results also hold for all finite irreducible spherical buildings of rank at least 3, and imply that every involution of a thick irreducible finite spherical building of rank at least 3 has a fixed residue.
CARMICHAEL NUMBERS IN ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS
Authors: MATOMÄKI KAISA 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWe prove that when$(a, m)= 1$and$a$is a quadratic residue$\hspace{0.167em} \mathrm{mod} \hspace{0.167em} m$, there are infinitely many Carmichael numbers in the arithmetic progression$a\hspace{0.167em} \mathrm{mod} \hspace{0.167em} m$. Indeed the number of them up to$x$is at least${x}^{1/ 5} $when$x$is large enough (depending on$m$).
Essential oil of Ocotea odorifera: An alternative against Sitophilus zeamais
Authors: Mossi Altemir J. , Zanella Camila A. , Kubiak Gabriela , Lerin Lindomar A. , Cansian Rogerio L. , Frandoloso Fernando Scarati , Prá Valéria Dal , Mazutti Marcio Antonio , Costa Jorge Alberto Vieira , Treichel Helen 
Published: March 2013

AbstractNowadays, the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais—Motsch 1855 is the most relevant pest found during storage of maize grains. Aiming at protecting the agricultural crops, high amounts of synthetic pesticides are used around the world. In this sense, this work aimed at evaluating the insecticidal and repellent effect of essential oil of Ocotea odorifera (Vellozo) Rohwer (Lauraceae) (O. odorifera (sassafras)) leaves against the maize weevil in maize grains. The essential oil's chemical composition showed that sassafras contains camphor (43%) and safrole (42%) as major compounds. Our results show that sassafras oil was insecticidal and repellent to maize weevil. About 100% mortality was achieved using a concentration of 0.32 μl cm−2, after 24 h of exposure. The LD50 value was 14.1 μl or 0.09 μl cm−2 and the study of the effect on insect mortality at the lethal doses (LD50) showed that after 72 h mortality was 100%. The values of the preference index varied from −0.39 (0.065 μl cm−2) to −0.63 (0.659 μl cm−2), demonstrating that the plant oil presents repellent activity. The repellency bioassay simulating small bins showed the repellent effect level from 0.64 (0.36 μl cm−3) to 0.94 (2.9 μl cm−3). The essential oil of sassafras presented insecticidal and repellency against maize weevil. Although from an economical point of view synthetic chemicals are still more frequently used as repellents, natural products (essential oils) have the potential to provide efficient and safer repellents for humans and the environment.
Human uraemic serum displays calcific potential in vitro that increases with advancing chronic kidney disease
Authors: Patidar Ashish , Singh Dhruv K. , Winocour Peter , Farrington Ken , Baydoun Anwar R. 
Published: March 2013

Vascular calcification (VC) strongly correlates with declining renal function and contributes to the high morbidity and mortality of patients with CKD (chronic kidney disease). It is closely regulated by circulating factors but little is known about the capacity of serum from patients to induce calcification outside the disease setting, which we now define as the calcific potential of serum. We have therefore examined the ability of serum from age- and sex-matched subjects with and without advancing CKD to induce calcification of cultured SMCs (smooth muscle cells). Samples from patients with CKD induced significant calcification compared with controls. More importantly, samples from patients on haemodialysis induced significantly higher calcification than those with moderate or advanced CKD. The calcification induced by the latter two but not those on haemodialysis could be enhanced with calcium chloride and β-GP (β-glycerophosphate). A positive correlation was evident between measured serum creatinine, phosphate, PTH (parathyroid hormone), OPG (osteoprotegerin) and the degree of calcification in vitro. eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate), DBP (diastolic blood pressure), haemoglobin and serum albumin correlated negatively. Stepwise multivariate analysis of log-transformed calcific potential data highlighted serum creatinine, albumin and OPG as significant predictors, explaining approximately 50% of the variation. Thus, other regulators, either not investigated or as yet unidentified, may contribute to the calcification potential of serum in vitro. Furthermore, uraemic serum can induce graded calcification outside of the disease milieu that reflects the degree of kidney impairment in vivo. These findings could have important clinical relevance in terms of developing novel diagnostic and/or therapeutic strategies for subjects with CKD.
freeIbis: an efficient basecaller with calibrated quality scores for Illumina sequencers
Authors: Renaud Gabriel , Kircher Martin , Stenzel Udo , Kelso Janet 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Motivation: The conversion of the raw intensities obtained from next-generation sequencing platforms into nucleotide sequences with well-calibrated quality scores is a critical step in the generation of good sequence data. While recent model-based approaches can yield highly accurate calls, they require a substantial amount of processing time and/or computational resources. We previously introduced Ibis, a fast and accurate basecaller for the Illumina platform. We have continued active development of Ibis to take into account developments in the Illumina technology, as well as to make Ibis fully open source.
Results: We introduce here freeIbis, which offers significant improvements in sequence accuracy owing to the use of a novel multiclass support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. Sequence quality scores are now calibrated based on empirically observed scores, thus providing a high correlation to their respective error rates. These improvements result in downstream advantages including improved genotyping accuracy.
Availability and implementation: FreeIbis is freely available for use under the GPL (http://bioinf.eva.mpg.de/freeibis/). It requires a Python interpreter and a C++ compiler. Tailored versions of LIBOCAS and LIBLINEAR are distributed along with the package.
Contact: kelso@eva.mpg.de
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
MitoSeek: extracting mitochondria information and performing high-throughput mitochondria sequencing analysis
Authors: Guo Yan , Li Jiang , Li Chung-I , Shyr Yu , Samuels David C. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Motivation: Exome capture kits have capture efficiencies that range from 40 to 60%. A significant amount of off-target reads are from the mitochondrial genome. These unintentionally sequenced mitochondrial reads provide unique opportunities to study the mitochondria genome.
Results: MitoSeek is an open-source software tool that can reliably and easily extract mitochondrial genome information from exome and whole genome sequencing data. MitoSeek evaluates mitochondrial genome alignment quality, estimates relative mitochondrial copy numbers and detects heteroplasmy, somatic mutation and structural variants of the mitochondrial genome. MitoSeek can be set up to run in parallel or serial on large exome sequencing datasets.
Availability: https://github.com/riverlee/MitoSeek
Contact: yan.guo@vanderbilt.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
PedsQL Eosinophilic Esophagitis Module
Authors: Franciosi James P. , Hommel Kevin A. , Bendo Cristiane B. , King Eileen C. , Collins Margaret H. , Eby Michael D. , Marsolo Keith , Abonia J. Pablo , von Tiehl Karl F. , Putnam Philip E. , Greenler Alexandria J. , Greenberg Allison B. , Bryson Ronald A. , Davis Carla M. , Olive Anthony P. , Gupta Sandeep K. , Erwin Elizabeth A. , Klinnert Mary D. , Spergel Jonathan M. , Denham Jolanda M. , Furuta Glenn T. , Rothenberg Marc E. , Varni James W. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTObjective:Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic esophageal inflammatory condition with a paucity of information on health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). The objective of the study was to report on the measurement properties of the PedsQL EoE Module.Methods:The PedsQL EoE Module was completed in a multisite study by 196 pediatric patients with EoE and 262 parents of patients with EoE.Results:The PedsQL EoE Module scales evidenced excellent feasibility (0.6%–3.1% missing), excellent group comparison reliability across total scale scores (patient α 0.93; parent proxy α 0.94), good reliability for the 7 individual scales (patient α 0.75–0.87; parent proxy α 0.81–0.92), excellent test–retest reliability (patient intraclass correlation coefficient 0.88; parent intraclass correlation coefficient 0.82), demonstrated no floor effects and low ceiling effects, and demonstrated a high percentage of scaling success for most scales. Intercorrelations with the PedsQL Generic Core Scales were in the medium (0.30) to large (0.50) range. PedsQL EoE Module scores were worse among patients with active histologic disease (≥5 eos/hpf) compared with those in remission (patient self‐report: 63.3 vs 69.9 [P < 0.05]; parent proxy report: 65.1 vs 72.3 [P < 0.01]), and those treated with dietary restrictions compared with those with no restrictions (patient self‐report: 61.6 vs 74.3 [P < 0.01]; parent proxy report: 65.5 vs 74.7 [P < 0.01]).Conclusions:The results demonstrate excellent measurement properties of the PedsQL EoE Module. Patients with active histologic disease and those treated with dietary restrictions demonstrated worse PedsQL scores. The PedsQL EoE Module may be used in the evaluation of pediatric EoE disease‐specific HRQOL in clinical research and practice.
PARAQUAT RESISTANT1, a Golgi-Localized Putative Transporter Protein, Is Involved in Intracellular Transport of Paraquat
Authors: Li Jianyong , Mu Jinye , Bai Jiaoteng , Fu Fuyou , Zou Tingting , An Fengying , Zhang Jian , Jing Hongwei , Wang Qing , Li Zhen , Yang Shuhua , Zuo Jianru 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Paraquat is one of the most widely used herbicides worldwide. In green plants, paraquat targets the chloroplast by transferring electrons from photosystem I to molecular oxygen to generate toxic reactive oxygen species, which efficiently induce membrane damage and cell death. A number of paraquat-resistant biotypes of weeds and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants have been identified. The herbicide resistance in Arabidopsis is partly attributed to a reduced uptake of paraquat through plasma membrane-localized transporters. However, the biochemical mechanism of paraquat resistance remains poorly understood. Here, we report the identification and characterization of an Arabidopsis paraquat resistant1 (par1) mutant that shows strong resistance to the herbicide without detectable developmental abnormalities. PAR1 encodes a putative l-type amino acid transporter protein localized to the Golgi apparatus. Compared with the wild-type plants, the par1 mutant plants show similar efficiency of paraquat uptake, suggesting that PAR1 is not directly responsible for the intercellular uptake of paraquat. However, the par1 mutation caused a reduction in the accumulation of paraquat in the chloroplast, suggesting that PAR1 is involved in the intracellular transport of paraquat into the chloroplast. We identified a PAR1-like gene, OsPAR1, in rice (Oryza sativa). Whereas the overexpression of OsPAR1 resulted in hypersensitivity to paraquat, the knockdown of its expression using RNA interference conferred paraquat resistance on the transgenic rice plants. These findings reveal a unique mechanism by which paraquat is actively transported into the chloroplast and also provide a practical approach for genetic manipulations of paraquat resistance in crops.
Patients' characteristics and the quality of the therapeutic alliance in family‐based treatment and individual therapy for adolescents with anorexia nervosa
Authors: LoTempio Elizabeth , Forsberg Sarah , Bryson Susan W. , Fitzpatrick Kathleen Kara , Le Grange Daniel , Lock James 
Published: March 2013

This study examines the relationship between patients' characteristics and the therapeutic alliance in family‐based therapy (FBT) and adolescent focused therapy (AFT) for adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN). Independent observers rated audiotapes of therapy sessions using the working alliance inventory‐observer version (WAI‐o). Patients' characteristics examined to predict the development of the therapeutic alliance included their socioeconomic characteristics, markers of eating disorder psychopathology and expectancy of their treatment. Baseline scores on the eating disorder examination (EDE) were positively correlated with the alliance early in treatment in FBT but no patients' characteristics were correlated with the alliance in AFT. EDE was a moderator of alliance, with higher baseline EDE scores predicting higher alliance scores in the FBT group than in the AFT group. The results suggest that the therapeutic alliance can be successfully developed with adolescents with AN, even those initially reporting high levels of symptomatology. Adolescents' acknowledgement of their symptoms may be an important factor in their ability to develop an alliance with the therapist.Practitioner points
Despite common clinical impressions, it is possible to form a strong therapeutic alliance with adolescents with AN in both family and individual therapy.
Adolescents' own reports and perceptions of their eating disorder may be an important factor in their ability to build the therapeutic alliance.
Clinical strategies hypothesized to promote a strong therapeutic alliance include the externalization of AN, decreasing blame and a focus on adolescent developmental issues.
Errors in anti‐D immunoglobulin administration: retrospective analysis of 15 years of reports to the UK confidential haemovigilance scheme
Authors: Bolton‐Maggs PHB , Davies T , Poles D , Cohen H 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveTo highlight the errors associated with the use of anti‐D immunoglobulin in RhD antigen‐negative women, and their resultant clinical impact during and after pregnancy, and to suggest strategies to reduce these errors.DesignRetrospective review of cumulative reporting to the UK confidential haemovigilance scheme, Serious Hazards of Transfusion (SHOT), between 1996 and 2011.SettingObstetric departments in the UK.PopulationMothers who require anti‐D immunoglobulin to prevent RhD sensitisation during pregnancy or after birth.MethodsHospital transfusion teams reported adverse events to the SHOT database.Main outcome measuresReported number of events and their causes, and morbidity and mortality associated with errors.ResultsIn 15 years of reporting, SHOT haemovigilance has shown a total of 1211 errors related to the administration of anti‐D immunoglobulin, particularly regarding omission or late administration (157/249 or 63% reported in 2011). Anti‐D immunoglobulin errors comprised 13.7% (249/1815) of all SHOT reports in 2011. Failure to recognise women who already have RhD sensitisation occurred in 19 cases, and was followed by suboptimal monitoring of the pregnancy. Nine of the infants suffered haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN): one resulted in neonatal death and three required red cell transfusion.ConclusionsBabies as well as their mothers remain at risk from avoidable errors. More active attention at national and local levels to further education and training, particularly for midwives, is an absolute necessity. We recommend the use of a SHOT‐devised anti‐D administration flowchart, adapted locally into a checklist, to help reduce errors.
Aerobic methanotroph diversity in Riganqiao peatlands on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Deng Yongcui , Cui Xiaoyong , Lüke Claudia , Dumont Marc G. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryThe Zoige Plateau is characterized by its high altitude, low latitude and low annual mean temperature of approximately 1°C and is a major source of atmospheric methane in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau. Methanotrophs play an important role in the global cycling of CH4, but the diversity, identity and activity of methanotrophs in this region are poorly characterized. Soils were collected from hummocks and hollows in the Riganqiao peatland and the methanotroph community was analysed by qPCR and sequencing methane monooxygenase (pmoA and mmoX) genes. The pmoA genes ranged between 107 and 108 copies g−1 fresh soil, with a somewhat greater abundance in hummocks than hollows. The pmoA genes were analysed by amplicon pyrosequencing and the mmoX genes by cloning and sequencing. Methylocystis species were found to be the most abundant methanotrophs, but numerous clades were present including three novel pmoA and three novel mmoX clusters. There were differences between the methanotroph communities in the hummocks and hollows, with the most significant being an increased abundance of uncultivated type Ib methanotrophs in the hollows. The results indicate that aerobic methanotrophs are abundant in Riganqiao peatland and include previously undetected clades in this geographically isolated and distinctive environment.
Identification of novel positive allosteric modulators and null modulators at the GABAA receptor α+β− interface
Authors: Varagic Zdravko , Wimmer Laurin , Schnürch Michael , Mihovilovic Marko D , Huang Shengming , Rallapalli Sundari , Cook James M , Mirheydari Pantea , Ecker Gerhard F , Sieghart Werner , Ernst Margot 
Published: March 2013

Background and PurposeGABAA receptors are the major inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and the target of many clinically important drugs interacting with different binding sites. Recently, we demonstrated that CGS 9895 (2‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐2H‐pyrazolo[4,3‐c]quinolin‐3(5H)‐one) acts as a null modulator (antagonist) at the high affinity benzodiazepine binding site, but in addition elicits a strong enhancement of GABA‐induced currents via a novel drug binding site at the extracellular α+β− interface. Here, we investigated 32 structural analogues of CGS 9895 for their ability to mediate their effects via the α1+β3− interface of GABAA receptors.Experimental ApproachGABAA receptors were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes and investigated by the two‐electrode voltage clamp method.Key ResultsWe not only identified compounds with higher efficacy/potency than CGS 9895 for stimulating GABA‐induced currents via the α1+β3‐binding site, but also discovered compounds acting as null modulators at this site. Most of the compounds also acted as null modulators via the benzodiazepine binding site of GABAA receptors. But some of the positive allosteric modulators or null modulators exclusively exerted their action via the α+β− binding site.Conclusion and ImplicationsPyrazoloquinolinones and pyrazolopyridinones represent the first prototype of drug candidates mediating benzodiazepine like modulatory effects via the α+β‐interface of GABAA receptors. The discovery of null modulators acting as inhibitors of the plus modulators provides a highly useful tool for the discovery of additional classes of compounds that can modulate GABAA receptors via this site, which may lead to novel therapeutic principles.Linked ArticleThis article is accompanied by Varagic et al., pp. 384–399 of this issue. To view this article visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.12153