bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food‐allergic infants have impaired regulatory T‐cell responses following in vivo allergen exposure
Authors: Dang Thanh D. , Allen Katrina J. , J. Martino David , Koplin Jennifer J. , Licciardi Paul V. , Tang Mimi L. K. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundRegulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical for development of oral tolerance, and studies suggest that dysfunction of Tregs may lead to food allergy. However, to date, no study has investigated Treg responses following in vivo exposure to peanut or egg allergens in humans.ObjectivesTo examine changes in peripheral blood CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg populations (total, activated and naive) in food‐allergic, food‐sensitized but tolerant, and healthy (non‐sensitized non‐allergic) patients over time following in vivo allergen exposure.MethodsA subset of infants from the HealthNuts study with egg or peanut allergy (n = 37), egg or peanut sensitization (n = 35), or who were non‐sensitized non‐allergic (n = 15) were studied. All subjects underwent oral food challenge (OFC) to egg or peanut. PBMCs were obtained within 1 h of OFC (in vivo allergen exposure), and Treg populations enumerated ex vivo on day 0, and after 2 and 6 days rest in vitro.ResultsNon‐allergic infants showed stable total Treg frequencies over time; food‐sensitized infants had a transient fall in Treg percentage with recovery to baseline by day 6 (6.87% day 0, 5.27% day 2, 6.5% day 6); and food‐allergic infants showed persistent reduction in Treg (6.85% day 0, 5.4% day 2, 6.2% day 6) following in vivo allergen exposure. Furthermore, food‐allergic infants had a significantly lower ratio of activated Treg:activated T cells (10.5 ± 0.77) at day 0 compared to food‐sensitized (14.6 ± 1.24) and non‐allergic subjects (16.2 ± 1.23).ConclusionOur data suggest that the state of allergen sensitization is associated with depletion of Treg following allergen exposure. Impaired capacity to regenerate the Treg pool following allergen exposure may be an important factor that determines clinical allergy vs. sensitization without allergic reaction.
CHILD Syndrome: Case Report of a Chinese Patient and Literature Review of the NAD[P]H Steroid Dehydrogenase‐Like Protein Gene Mutation
Authors: Mi Xiang‐bin , Luo Miao‐xuan , Guo Lin‐lang , Zhang Tang‐de , Qiu Xian‐wen 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCongenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform nevus and limb defects (CHILD) syndrome is an X‐linked autosomal dominant disorder characterized by unilateral congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform erythroderma and ipsilateral limb defects caused by a mutation in the gene encoding NAD[P]H steroid dehydrogenase‐like protein (NSDHL) at Xq28. The histopathologic hallmark of skin lesions in CHILD syndrome is psoriasiform epidermis with hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis, and its most striking feature affecting the upper dermis is filling of the papillary dermis with foam cells. Here we present the case of a 9‐year‐old Chinese girl born with the typical clinical features of CHILD syndrome. Histologic and immunohistochemical evaluation of the skin lesions confirmed the diagnosis and led to identification of a heterozygous point mutation in exon 8 of the NSDHL gene. In addition, we provide a literature review of 26 unrelated CHILD syndrome patients from different countries, caused by 20 unique gene mutations occurring throughout the entire NSDHL gene, to promote understanding and provide a more comprehensive description of this unusual disorder.
The Meaning of Imperatives
Authors: Charlow Nate 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis article surveys a range of current views on the semantics of imperatives, presenting them as more or less conservative with respect to the Truth‐Conditional Paradigm in semantics. It describes and critiques views at either extreme of this spectrum: accounts on which the meaning of an imperative is a modal truth‐condition, as well as various accounts that attempt to explain imperative meaning without making use of truth‐conditions. It briefly describes and encourages further work on a family of views lying somewhere in the middle. On such views, an imperative will semantically determine, without having as its meaning, a modal truth‐condition, which figures centrally in accounting for various aspects of its meaning.
Internalism without Luminosity1
Authors: Schoenfield Miriam 
Published: October 2015

Internalists face the following challenge: what is it about an agent's internal states that explains why only these states can play whatever role the internalist thinks these states are playing? Internalists have frequently appealed to a special kind of epistemic access that we have to these states. But such claims have been challenged on both empirical and philosophical grounds. I will argue that internalists needn't appeal to any kind of privileged access claims. Rather, internalist conditions are important because of the way in which we expect them to act as causal mediators between states of the world, on the one hand, and our beliefs and actions on the other.
The Problem with Ethics
Authors: Hodge G. Derrick 
Published: October 2015

A minimalist and deontological focus of anthropological ethics, and the current lack of consensus in the field about ethical and methodological rigor, produces conference presentations, monographs, and ethnographic essays of questionable quality. Research that fulfills its IRB‐defined duties is ethically problematic if it reproduces colonial relationships, ignores community input into agenda and risk, offers no real possibility for improving human life, or uses so loose a methodology that it cannot be relied upon to produce scientifically valid data. Finally, the modernist fetish of “knowledge” – assumed in the Code to be a value in itself, detached from human wellbeing – grants legitimacy to research that has little purpose other than to further academics' careers.In the following essay I reflect upon my experience conducting ethnographic research into the underground economies of marginalized youth in Havana, New York, and Hartford. What emerges are four principles, which together suggest a departure from the standard catalogue of deontological AAA Code of Ethics concerns toward greater methodological integrity and a more carefully delineated commitment toward the well‐being of the communities with whom we work. An entirely detached and passive anthropology is not an ethical one, but our moral engagement must be based on a solid foundation of data that are analyzed according to sound principles. Thus, ethnographic practice that is methodologically sloppy is not ethical, even if deontological duties—prescribed by the AAA Code and the IRB—have been scrupulously upheld.
Does structural parasitism by epiphytes exist? A case study between Tillandsia recurvata and Parkinsonia praecox
Authors: Flores‐Palacios A. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe effects that epiphytes have on their hosts have been poorly explored in an experimentally. Correlational evidence suggests that epiphytes may be either mutualists or structural parasites, as has been proposed for Tillandsia recurvata on Parkinsonia praecox. To test the effect of T. recurvata upon P. praecox, the epiphyte load on branches of P. praecox was measured and two 1‐year experiments were performed to detect the effect of transplantation/removal of epiphytes and shade (0%, 35%. 50% and 80%) on shoot dynamics. If T. recurvata represents a selective pressure for P. praecox, then the frequency of branches carrying large epiphyte loads will be high, and host shoot survival will decrease in the presence of T. recurvata and with increased shade. A weak inverse relationship between epiphyte load and percentage of dead shoots in the host was detected. Shoot survival was independent of epiphyte presence. Shade decreased shoot survival by 35–72%. Results suggest that at the study site, T. recurvata is a commensalist of P. praecox. An alternative hypothesis to explain the correlation between high epiphyte load and branch/tree decay is that older branches carry more epiphytes, receive more shade from neighbouring branches and could be undergoing a natural decline process.
Reevaluating American Attitudes toward Immigrants in the Twenty‐First Century: The Role of a Multicreedal National Identity
Authors: Byrne Jennifer , Dixon Gregory C. 
Published: October 2015

The past two decades have seen anti‐immigrant ideas permeate national political discourse in Europe and North America. Ideas previously confined to the political margins are now part of the mainstream. Appeals to traditional political ideas and loyalty to state institutions—seen as an antidote to such ideas—have failed to stem the tide of anti‐immigrant policies. We offer an explanation of why appeals to political institutions fail to curb anti‐immigrant sentiment. We demonstrate that past empirical research into dimensions of identity has failed to model interactive effects between dimensions, leading to mixed results concerning policy preference and identity formation. We also demonstrate that an interaction effect exists between civic and ethnocultural dimensions that moderate each other as affinity rises. We show that previous research blaming most negative policy preference on the ethnocultural dimension is incomplete. This has significant implications for those seeking to design policies and programs that moderate negative attitudes toward immigrants.Related Articles
Byrne, Jennifer. 2011. “.” Politics and Policy 39 (): 485‐514. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2011.00301.x/abstract;jsessionid=C58DAF5DB86958A491FCCA5A983F81EB.d03t02?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=&userIsAuthenticated=false

Swain, Carol. 2008. “.” Politics and Policy 36 (): 1126‐1129.

Sabia, Debra. 2010. “.” Politics and Policy 38 (): 53‐80.Podcast
. 2011. “” http://www.npr.org/2011/07/04/137609363/do‐americas‐changing‐demographics‐impact‐politics
Security, Migration, and the Economy in the Texas–Tamaulipas Border Region: The “Real” Effects of Mexico's Drug War
Authors: Correa‐Cabrera Guadalupe 
Published: October 2015

This article analyzes the effects of Mexico's drug war on security, migration, and the economy on the eastern U.S.–Mexico border between the state of Texas and the Mexican state of Tamaulipas. Both sides of the border are analyzed and compared simultaneously. The article shows that the extreme violence that Mexico is suffering has benefited U.S. border towns while having a negative impact on Tamaulipas. The positive effects of Mexico's violent spiral on U.S. border security and the U.S. border economy are evident, notwithstanding American public discourse and the reporting of U.S. media alleging the opposite.Related Articles
Héctor Ramón Ramírez. 2009. “.” Politics & Policy 37 (): 579‐609. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2009.00186.x/abstract

Gaspare M. Genna, and David A. Mayer‐Foulkes. 2011. “.” Politics & Policy 39 (): 5‐9. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2010.00280.x/abstract

Ernesto Aguayo‐Téllez, and Christian I. Rivera‐Mendoza. 2009. “.” Politics & Policy 39 (): 119‐140. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2010.00285.x/abstract
Related MediaBlog del Narco. http://www.blogdelnarco.com/

Borderland Beat. http://www.borderlandbeat.com/

Frontera List. http://groups.google.com/group/frontera‐list?hl=en
Reaching Out to Overcome Political Apathy: Building Participatory Capacity through Deliberative Engagement
Authors: Curato Nicole , Niemeyer Simon 
Published: October 2015

A common objection against deliberative democracy relates to the impression that citizens, in general, are unwilling to participate in democratic politics. We contribute to the growing literature that challenges this impression by analyzing the discursive profile of citizens that participate in deliberation. By discursive profile, we refer to participants' own perceived role in the democratic process and their articulated motivations for joining a deliberative forum. We find that those who turned up in face‐to‐face deliberation tend to be less cynical toward politics. Moreover, based on their expressed motivations for participating, it can be inferred that linking the deliberative forum to decision makers provided an initial hook to participants. However, this changed as participants completed the process. At the end of deliberations, appreciation for the process itself ended up being the most resonant sentiment. These findings are based on both quantitative and qualitative analyses of data gathered from Australia's First Citizens' Parliament.Related Articles
McBeth, Mark K., Donna L. Lybecker, and Kacee A. Garner. 2010. “.” Politics & Policy 38 (): 1‐23. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2009.00226.x/abstract

Crowley, Kate. 2009. “.” Politics & Policy 37 (): 995‐1021. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2009.00208.x/abstract

Stephan, Mark. 2004. “.” Politics & Policy 32 (): 118‐135. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2004.tb00178.x/abstract
Related Media
. 2009. NewDemocracy. Canberra. February. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qWOoQwpJdrE
Data and Discussion
. 2013. Australian National University. http://deliberativedemocracy.anu.edu.au/
An Extended Presidential Honeymoon? Coverage of Barack Obama in the New York Times during 2009 and 2010
Authors: Farnsworth Stephen J. , Lichter S. Robert 
Published: October 2015

Content analysis of front page New York Times stories during the first and second years of the Barack Obama presidency revealed news coverage that was far more positive in tone than the norm for recent U.S. presidents, particularly with respect to foreign policy coverage. While coverage of Obama was somewhat less positive during 2010 when compared to 2009, the Obama findings overall reveal a much longer honeymoon than seen in the past. Coverage of specific problematic policy areas, like offshore drilling issues in the wake of the BP oil spill, was particularly negative. Coverage of arms control matters was very positive in tone in 2010 for Obama, who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009.Related Articles
Farnsworth, Stephen J, and S. Robert Lichter. 2012. “.” Politics & Policy 40 (): 69‐91. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2011.00338.x/abstract

Bode, Leticia, and Valerie M. Hennings. 2012. “.” Politics & Policy 40 (): 221‐257. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2012.00350.x/abstract

Fogarty, Brian J. 2011. .” Politics & Policy 39 (): 1053‐1076. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2011.00326.x/abstract
Related Media
Balz, Dan, and Jon Cohen. 2010. “.” . July 13. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp‐dyn/content/article/2010/07/12/AR2010071205453.html

Calderone, Michael. 2009. “.” Politco.com. March 4. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0309/19570.html

Shear, Michael D. 2010. “.” . February 15. http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2010‐02‐15/politics/36853927_1_congressional‐leaders‐white‐house‐advisers‐president‐obama/2
Improving Legitimacy in Nanotechnology Policy Development Through Stakeholder and Community Engagement: Forging New Pathways
Authors: Russell A. Wendy 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper reports on a multistakeholder engagement process conducted in an Australian policy setting that led to a new community engagement framework: Science and Technology Engagement Pathways (STEP). I describe the process in the context of a lack of awareness, experience, and culture of deliberative public engagement in Australia, particularly in relation to decision making concerning science, technology, and innovation. Increasing cautiousness in government and industry approaches to nanotechnology development, in Australia and elsewhere, creates an imperative and an opening for improved stakeholder and community engagement to improve the legitimacy and sustainability of decisions. In this context, STEP may stimulate movement toward deliberative engagement by raising awareness and commitment from diverse stakeholders and providing a structure for developments in engagement and public dialog. STEP potentially provides “rules of engagement” and “intervention pathways” for ongoing public engagement with science and technology developments and for critical “science in society” perspectives to inform policy.
Who Benefits from Foreign Direct Investment in the UK?
Authors: Girma Sourafel , Greenaway David , Wakelin Katharine 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe presumed higher productivity of foreign firms and resulting spillovers to domestic firms has led governments to offer financial incentives to foreign firms. We investigate if there is any productivity or wage gap between foreign and domestic firms in the UK and if the presence of foreign firms in a sector raises the productivity of domestic firms. Our results indicate that foreign firms do have higher productivity than domestic firms and they pay higher wages. We find no aggregate evidence of intra‐industry spillovers. However, firms with low productivity relative to the sector average, in low‐skill low foreign competition sectors gain less from foreign firms.
The End of the French Model for Animal Health? A Sociological Analysis of the Bluetongue Vaccination Campaign (2007–2009)
Authors: Ollivier Boris 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis article examines the preparation and implementation in France of a vaccination campaign (2008) to protect livestock against bluetongue disease (BT) and questions the long‐term stability of structural relationships in the animal health sector. Using three approaches from the sociology of risks – exogenous or endogenous nature of crisis, responsibility of expertise – we show that post‐bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) reforms, by claiming a clearly separated role for each party (risk assessment, risk management, farmers' responsibility), have left the issue of relationships between actors by the wayside. We argue with the bluetongue case that such radical partitioning is unworkable. Discussing the decline of the French ‘health tripod’ (State, farmers, veterinarians), we emphasise that it has been idealised as a model that each party has a major interest to maintain. Our sources are based on 35 interviews, analysis of professional press and ministry of agriculture's internal notes.
Effects of Situational Cues on Aggressive Behavior
Authors: Engelhardt Christopher R. , Bartholow Bruce D. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractNumerous situational factors are known to increase the likelihood that a person will behave aggressively. The current review addresses what is currently understood about the relationship between three theoretically relevant situational variables (the presence of weapons, alcohol cues, and exposure to media violence) and aggressive behavior. Theoretical models of aggression generally propose heightened accessibility of aggressive cognitions (i.e., priming) as a common mechanism to explain effects of these variables on aggression but differ in terms of factors that modulate whether and how activated mental content will influence behavior. Here, we discuss these factors and suggest ways in which models of priming might be integrated. We also underscore that, although aggression has been the focus of considerable research for decades, much more research is needed to better understand the psychological and biological processes that mediate effects of situational cues on aggression in humans.
Risky by Design: The Mandatory Private Pillar ofAustralia's Retirement Income System
Authors: Borowski Allan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAustralia's retirement income system has been touted by some as among the world's best. Its contemporary architecture mirrors the ‘ideal’ recommended by the World Bank. Yet occupational superannuation, the mandatory private pillar ofAustralia's retirement income system, is one to which many uncertainties and, hence, risks are attached almost by design. This article explores some of these systemic risks in light of the impact of the global financial crisis (GFC) and its aftermath and considers some of their implications. The range of risks includes inflation risk, malfeasance and incompetence in the management of superannuation funds, exchange rate risk, investment risk, longevity risk and political risk. However, this article focuses on the latter three. WhileAustralia's federal governments have become increasingly conscious of investment risk and longevity risk, greater sensitivity to political risk and its impacts is still needed.
Family Policies in ‘Hybrid’ Welfare States after the Crisis: Pathways between Policy Expansion and Retrenchment
Authors: Blum Sonja , Formánková Lenka , Dobrotić Ivana 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe economic crisis has significantly challenged national welfare states and has often led to retrenchment. The question arises how countries have reacted to the crisis in the area of family policy – not directly connected to rising unemployment and also not as demanding for state spending as for example the pension system. This article analyzes family policy reforms during the crisis in three small European welfare states – Austria, the Czech Republic and Slovenia. Focusing on the ‘rationale’ behind the reforms, it aims to explore how family policy was affected by the crisis and whether the crisis gave rise to new policy pathways and ideas in the area. The exploratory case studies of reforms conducted in the three countries between 2009 and 2013 show that everywhere the pre‐crisis policy pathways were also continued in the period of crisis. The reforms were framed by diverse paradigms related to national‐specific contexts along with newly emerged austerity arguments. The Czech Republic shows a continued focus on a neo‐liberal paradigm, utilizing the crisis to introduce further residual measures, i.e. mostly negative re‐familializing reforms, mixed with de‐familializing policies based on the workfare paradigm. Strong crisis‐related discourse in Slovenia was accompanied by diverse austerity measures, which strengthened the social dimension of family policy and weakened a de‐familialistic effect of the pre‐crisis reforms. Austria, much less affected by the crisis, continues to combine social investment and ‘freedom of choice’ paradigms, introducing an ambivalent amalgam of positive familialistic and de‐familialistic family policy reforms.
Going Places: Travel Seminars as Opportunities for Interfaith Education
Authors: Mikoski Gordon S. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMany theological schools use short term travel as a way to foster interfaith education. Due to their experiential, holistic, and intense nature, travel seminars focused on the promotion of interfaith learning can shape a future religious leader's outlook on religious communities across the course of her entire career. In this article I explore the pedagogical dimensions of travel seminars as a tool for interfaith education through the lens of a travel seminar to Israel and the occupied Palestinian Territories.