bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Energy Drinks on the Color Stability of Nanofilled Composite Resin
Authors: Al-Dharrab Ayman 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT

Objective
To study the effect of three energy drinks on the color stability of nanofilled composite resins after different periods of aging time.

Materials and methods
Composite resin disks, 6 mm diameter, 3 mm thickness were prepared from Filtec Z350 XT, Tetric EvoCeram, and Filtec Z250 XT. Specimens from each material were tested after aging with Red Bull, Bison and Power Horse energy drinks and distilled water as a control. Specimens were stored at 37°C in dark containers for 1, 7, 30 and 60 days. Color was assessed in the CIELAB using a colorimeter before and after each storage period. Color differences ΔE*ab and Δb* among specimens were measured. Mean values were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), with p < 0.05 as significance level.

Results
The color change ΔE*ab and Δb* occurred by Red Bull, Bison and Power Horse energy drinks was significantly different for all tested materials at all four times p < 0.05 except in the Red Bull group. All specimens showed increase in color changes toward yellowness Δb* after a period of 1, 7, 30 and 60 days. The highest total color difference ΔE*ab was found in the Red Bull group after 60 days.

Conclusion
Energy drinks used in this study had staining effect on the tested composite resin materials. The discoloration increased with aging time toward yellowness; however, it was not perceptible in all test groups after 60 days.

How to cite this article
Al-Dharrab A. Effect of Energy Drinks on the Color Stability of Nanofilled Composite Resin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(4):704-711.
Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in Saudi Orthodontic Patients
Authors: Al-Jabaa Aljazi H , Aldrees Abdullah M 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTAimThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dental anomalies and study the association of these anomalies with different types of malocclusion in a random sample of Saudi orthodontic patients.Materials and methodsSix hundred and two randomly selected pretreatment records including orthopantomographs (OPG), and study models were evaluated. The molar relationship was determined using pretreatment study models, and OPG were examined to investigate the prevalence of dental anomalies among the sample.ResultsThe most common types of the investigated anomalies were: impaction followed by hypodontia, microdontia, macrodontia, ectopic eruption and supernumerary. No statistical significant correlations were observed between sex and dental anomalies. Dental anomalies were more commonly found in class I followed by asymmetric molar relation, then class II and finally class III molar relation. No malocclusion group had a statistically significant relation with any individual dental anomalyConclusionThe prevalence of dental anomalies among Saudi orthodontic patients was higher than the general population.Clinical significanceAlthough, orthodontic patients have been reported to have high rates of dental anomalies, orthodontists often fail to consider this. If not detected, dental anomalies can complicate dental and orthodontic treatment; therefore, their presence should be carefully investigated during orthodontic diagnosis and considered during treatment planning.How to cite this articleAl-Jabaa AH, Aldrees AM. Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in Saudi Orthodontic Patients. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(4):724-730.
The Influence of Different Factors on the Oral Health Status of Smoking and Nonsmoking Adults
Authors: Tubaishat Reem Saleem , Malkawi Zain A , Albashaireh Zakereyya S 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT

Aim
The aim of this study to determine the influence of smoking on self-reported oral health status among university students.

Materials and methods
Voluntary sample of 669 adults of 18 to 26 years old were invited to participate in the study. They were asked to read a self-designated questionnaire and a covering letter which explained the purpose of the study. The questionnaire addressed self-reported demographics, oral hygiene and smoking habits; knowledge about smoking and its effects on oral health. Data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square test to determine statistically significant differences across the oral health status.

Results
The sample included 340 (56.7%) males and 240 (43.3%) females; 56.8% of the subjects were nonsmokers; 43.2% were current smokers, and 17.5% smoke argileh. Almost 24.7% of subjects started smoking because of emotional effects; 66.9% did not smoke because of its harm to health. The percentage of subjects with dental plaque on their teeth was 27.1%, and with calculus was 27.9%, and with stains was 26.9%. About 35.5% of the subjects brushed their teeth once daily. Statistically, significant association was proven between smoking and gender (p < 0.01); and smoking and halitosis (p < 0.01).

Conclusion
Smoking is significantly related to esthetics, calculus, tooth stains, halitosis, gingival bleeding, and gender with p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p = 0.05, and p < 0.01 respectively.

How to cite this article
Tubaishat RS, Malkawi ZA, Albashaireh ZS. The Influence of Different Factors on the Oral Health Status of Smoking and Nonsmoking Adults. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(4):731-737.
Advancing Mandibular Swelling: A Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Basavaraj KF , Madihalli AU , Mujeeb Abdul , Mansuri Samir , Hussain Mohammed Abid 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT
Asymmetrical swelling of the mandible in adolescence may pose a significant diagnostic dilemma. The differential diagnosis ranges from traumatic, infectious, and metabolic processes to benign and malignant tumors. Also may present with similar clinical and radiological features, making an accurate diagnosis quite difficult. This is an illustrative case involving a 30-year-old female who initially presented with complaint of pain and swelling in the lower left side of the face for 2 months. Multiple investigations and several biopsies were required to arrive at a diagnosis. This paper deals with a case report of a fibrosarcoma involving the mandible highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and treatment planning.

How to cite this article
Basavaraj KF, Madihalli AU, Mujeeb A, Mansuri S, Hussain MA. Advancing Mandibular Swelling: A Diagnostic Dilemma. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(4):754-758.
Between Lament and Irony: Some Cross-references in Ovid's Heroides 6 and 12
Authors: Vaiopoulos Vaios 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT
After a short introduction to Ovid's Heroides, this article focuses on certain cross-references between Heroides 6 and 12. These two (fictitious) letters, the first, written by Hypsipyle, the queen of Lemnos, and the second written by the Colchian princess, Medea, are addressed to the same man, Jason. Before abandoning Medea in order to marry Creusa, Jason had already abandoned Hypsipyle for Medea, or so Hypsipyle claims. This article shows the intertextual complementarity of the two letters through the presentation of an imaginary communication between the two heroines, as Medea seems to “answer” some points in Hypsipyle's epistle.
Évaluation de la qualite microbienne des eaux de la nappe phréatique de Martil au Maroc
Authors: Benajiba Mohamed Hassen , Saoud Younes , Lamribah Abdelilah , Ahrikat Mustapha , Amajoud Nadia , Ouled-Zian Ouissal 
Published: November 2013

Au Maroc, la pénurie des ressources en eau est aggravée par la détérioration de leur qualité sous l’effet des rejets polluants liquides et solides. La commune urbaine de Martil, comme exemple (nord du Maroc) a connu un développement urbain très important durant la dernière décennie 2003/2012, et de nombreux grands chantiers d’infrastructure sont en cours de réalisation.
À défaut d’être traitées, les eaux usées de la ville sont collectées partiellement et déversées dans la nature sans aucun traitement. La rivière de l’oued Martil avoisinant la ville est utilisée comme réceptacle des eaux usées et industrielles de la ville de Tétouan. Il aggrave la problématique de la pollution des eaux souterraines de la région.
Pour évaluer l’état de la contamination microbienne de la nappe phréatique de la commune, une étude a été menée durant une année (2010/2011). Un total de 15 puits a été retenu pour des analyses bimestrielles des coliformes totaux (CT), coliformes fécaux (CF) et streptocoques fécaux (SF), par la méthode de la membrane filtrante. Les résultats ont révélé une contamination importante de la nappe phréatique par les dits agents microbiens. Sur les 270 analyses de CT, CF et SF (90 analyses pour chaque groupes de bactéries), 100%, 96,67% et 92,23% respectivement des résultats se sont révélés positifs, c'est-à-dire ayant plus d’une unité formant colonie (UFC)•100 mL‑1 d’eau. Toutefois, les concentrations des indicateurs microbiens suivies diffèrent selon l’emplacement des puits par rapport aux différentes sources de contamination. Les fluctuations des concentrations microbiennes ont été probablement influencées par la saison d’échantillonnage. 52,27 %, 72,22 % et 91,66 % des échantillons analysés pour les CF, CT et SF respectivement ont été plus concentrés en période sèche qu’en période pluviale.
L’étude a mis en lumière, par une autre enquête, l’impact de la pollution microbienne des puits sur la santé humaine et animale dans la zone.
Usurpation et coup d’État dans l’empire romain : nouvelles approches
Authors: Amon Hermann 
Published: November 2013

Après sa victoire à Actium, Octave devint le seul maître de Rome. Il lui incombait donc de réaliser les réformes nécessaires pour mettre fin au long cycle de guerres civiles qui avaient agité la République. La réorganisation de l’État romain par Octave conduit à la naissance d’une nouvelle structure politique : le Principat. Pendant de nombreuses décennies, le concept d’usurpation fut préféré à celui de coup d’État pour qualifier la contestation de la « légitimité » d’un empereur régnant par un autre prétendant dans cette structure politique. Les historiens de l’Antiquité considéraient le concept de coup d’État trop contemporain et, par conséquent, anachronique. Toutefois, ces dernières années, on assiste à une importante évolution conceptuelle et sémantique sur ce sujet. Les spécialistes s’intéressant à l’histoire politique de l’Empire romain n’hésitant plus à parler de coup d’État pour décrire la réalité historique de la contestation de la légitimité d’un empereur régnant. L’objectif général de cet article est d’expliquer les avantages de cette transition.
Le relief de Carthage, un remploi iconographique partiellement modifié
Authors: Ansel Christelle 
Published: November 2013

Le relief de Carthage1 fait partie, avec celui d’Alger, d’un monument de Carthage (Colonia Julia Karthago antique) réalisé durant l’époque augustéenne, entre 13 av. J.-C. et 14 apr. J.-C. L’iconographie représentée laisse penser que nous avons affaire à une réplique du relief de Florence2 issu de l’Ara Pacis Augusta. La ressemblance entre les deux panneaux est frappante et leur interprétation iconographique est encore sujette à discussion. Néanmoins, une particularité du panneau de Carthage pourrait permettre d’élucider une partie du problème. Certains éléments pourraient indiquer qu’il ait pu faire partie d’une réutilisation un peu plus d’un siècle après sa création, afin, peut-être, de décorer un autre monument après avoir subi une retouche.
Effect of Inpatient Electroencephalography on Clinical Decision Making
Authors: Harmon Laura A. , Craddock Megan , Jones Elisabeth , Spellman Craig W. , Loveman Donald M. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Context: Routine inpatient electroencephalography (EEG) is commonly used as a diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making tool in the care of patients with a wide spectrum of conditions. Previous investigations on EEG use have focused on current guidelines or specific clinical presentations.

Objective: To assess the effect of EEGs on clinical diagnosis and management of disease in adult inpatients in a community hospital.

Methods: Medical records of adult patients who underwent EEG between October 2008 and June 2009 in a single general community hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Data were collected for comorbidities, diagnoses, and management. Findings from EEGs were classified as normal, abnormal, or uninterpretable and according to whether they resulted in a change in diagnosis or management, supported clinical decision making and resulted in no change in diagnosis or management, or did not contribute to diagnosis or management.

Results: A total of 200 medical records were reviewed; 110 (55%) were for male patients and 90 (45%) were for female patients, with a mean (range) age of 60 (18-96) years. The most common pre-EEG diagnoses were altered mental status (52 [26%]) and seizure (48 [24%]). Of all EEGs, 115 (57.5%) had findings that were normal, 83 (41.5%) had findings that were abnormal, and 2 (1%) had findings that were uninterpretable. No EEGs had findings that resulted in a change in diagnosis or management, 8 EEGs (4%) had findings that supported clinical decision making and resulted in no change in diagnosis or management, and 192 EEGs (96%) had findings that did not contribute to diagnosis or management.

Conclusion: In this study, inpatient EEGs rarely contributed to clinical decision making and in no case resulted in a change in diagnosis or management. These findings warrant future research on the effectiveness of inpatient EEGs for a wide breadth of clinical inpatient diagnoses.
High‐Resolution Median Nerve Sonographic Measurements
Authors: Marciniak Christina , Caldera Franklin , Welty Leah , Lai Jean , Lento Paul , Feldman Eric , Sered Heather , Sayeed Yusef , Plastaras Christopher 
Published: November 2013

ObjectivesTo study relationships between median wrist and forearm sonographic measurements and median nerve conduction studies.MethodsThe study population consisted of a prospective convenience sample of healthy adults. Interventions included high‐resolution median nerve sonography and median motor and sensory nerve conduction studies. Main outcome measures included median motor nerve compound muscle action potential amplitude, distal latency, and conduction velocity; sensory nerve action potential amplitude and distal latency; and sonographic median nerve cross‐sectional area. Median motor nerve and sensory nerve conduction studies of the index finger were performed using standard published techniques. A second examiner blinded to nerve conduction study results used a high‐frequency linear array transducer to measure the cross‐sectional area of the median nerve at the distal volar wrist crease (carpal tunnel inlet) and forearm (4 cm proximally), measured in the transverse plane on static sonograms. The outer margin of the median nerve was traced at the junction of the hypoechoic fascicles and adjacent outer connective tissue layer.ResultsFifty median nerves were evaluated in 25 participants. The compound muscle action potential amplitude with wrist stimulation was positively related to the cross‐sectional area, with the area increasing by 0.195 mm2 for every millivolt increase in amplitude in the dominant hand (95% confidence interval, 0.020, 0.370 mm2; P < .05) and 0.247 mm2 in the nondominant hand (95% confidence interval, 0.035, 0.459 mm2; P < .05). There was no significant linear association between the wrist median cross‐sectional area and median motor and sensory distal latencies. Conduction velocity through the forearm was not significantly linearly associated with the forearm area or forearm‐to‐wrist area ratio (tapering ratio). The wrist area was inversely related to the sensory nerve action potential amplitude.ConclusionsAlthough associations were found between median nerve conduction study amplitudes and sonographic nerve measurements, they were not found for other parameters. Studying these relationships may increase our understanding of when to best use these procedures.
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder service delivery: Exploring current systems of care from the caregivers’ perspective
Authors: Walls Lori Jane , Pei Jacqueline 
Published: November 2013

Walls, L., & Pei, J. (2013). Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder service delivery: Exploring current systems of care from the caregivers’ perspective. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 2(3), 87-92. doi:10.7895/ijadr.v2i3.75 (http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v2i3.75)Aims: The goals of this study were to: (1) gain improved understanding of the needs of caregivers caring for individuals with FASD; (2) gain improved understanding of the experiences of these caregivers as they attempt to access and implement supports in daily functioning; and (3) gain improved understanding of caregivers’ perceptions of strengths and challenges in systems of care for individuals with FASD.Design: Information for this study was gathered using a phenomenological in-depth interviewing method, allowing the researchers to explore existing services, policies, and local knowledge from the perspective of the caregivers who were accessing services. Participants: A total of eight participants (N = 8) met the criteria for participation. Six of the participants in the study were adoptive parents and two were foster parents. Of the eight participants, seven were female and one was male. Three of the study participants resided in rural locations and five in urban centers. Findings: Results indicated that caregivers pass through four stages of caregiving, with each stage having a distinct primary need and requiring supports and services that best address that need. Three additional themes related to service delivery also emerged: caregiver considerations, program factors, and building on strengths. Conclusions: Study results emphasize the need for further research exploring the concept that caregivers experience specific caregiving stages, and that programming factors should align with caregivers’ needs in each of these stages. Participants’ narratives also suggest that the results of this study may be relevant beyond its regional specificity and limited sample size, and may in fact reflect the experiences of caregivers across jurisdictions.
Estimation of alcohol content of wine, beer and spirits to evaluate exposure risk in pregnancy: Pilot study using a questionnaire and pouring task in England
Authors: Mukherjee Raja , Wray Elizabeth , Curfs Leopold , Hollins Sheila 
Published: November 2013

Mukherjee, R., Wray, E., Curfs, L., & Hollins, S. (2013). Estimation of alcohol content of wine, beer and spirits to evaluate exposure risk in pregnancy: Pilot study using a questionnaire and pouring task in England. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 2(3), 71-78. doi:10.7895/ijadr.v2i3.78 (http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v2i3.78)Aims: Research has shown varying results regarding safe consumption levels of alcohol during pregnancy. We argued in 2005 that an individual’s inability to accurately predict her alcohol consumption may be one factor influencing risk. In order to re-evaluate within the England, this study sought to assess the current knowledge of the public and of healthcare practitioners.Design: Both alcohol-knowledge questionnaires and pouring tasks were conducted using standardised ethical-committee-approved methods.Settings: Different sites across England, including Surrey, London, Oxford and Wigan, where FASD support groups are based.Participants: Health professionals and the general public, self-selecting in response to advertisement.Measurements: Frequency data and categorical data was collected and analysed using SPSS version 18.Findings: In total, 1,265 questionnaires were completed (688 public and 577 professionals). One hundred-forty people completed the pouring task. People’s ability to calculate accurately from strength and volume was within 20% of the accurate figure for units, although with a wide range.Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that when pouring their own drinks, individuals are poor at estimating each drink’s alcohol content. This has implications for public health strategies. Glass size and the level of alcohol concentration have different implications in different countries. For those drinking during pregnancy, however, the message that “no exposure is no risk” remains true.
Sepsis Alert Systems, Mortality, and Adherence in Emergency Departments
Authors: Kim Hyung-Jun , Ko Ryoung-Eun , Lim Sung Yoon , Park Sunghoon , Suh Gee Young , Lee Yeon Joo 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceEarly detection and management of sepsis are crucial for patient survival. Emergency departments (EDs) play a key role in sepsis management but face challenges in timely response due to high patient volumes. Sepsis alert systems are proposed to expedite diagnosis and treatment initiation per the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines.ObjectiveTo review and analyze the association of sepsis alert systems in EDs with patient outcomes.Data SourcesA thorough search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from January 1, 2004, to November 19, 2023.Study SelectionStudies that evaluated sepsis alert systems specifically designed for adult ED patients were evaluated. Inclusion criteria focused on peer-reviewed, full-text articles in English that reported on mortality, ICU admissions, hospital stay duration, and sepsis management adherence. Exclusion criteria included studies that lacked a control group or quantitative reports.Data Extraction and SynthesisThe review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline. Two independent reviewers conducted the data extraction using a standardized form. Any disagreements were resolved through discussion. The data were synthesized using a random-effects model due to the expected heterogeneity among the included studies.Main Outcomes and MeasuresKey outcomes included mortality, intensive care unit admissions, hospital stay duration, and adherence to the sepsis bundle.ResultsOf 3281 initially identified studies, 22 (0.67%) met inclusion criteria, encompassing 19 580 patients. Sepsis alert systems were associated with reduced mortality risk (risk ratio [RR], 0.81; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.91) and length of hospital stay (standardized mean difference [SMD], −0.15; 95% CI, −0.20 to −0.11). These systems were also associated with better adherence to sepsis bundle elements, notably in terms of shorter time to fluid administration (SMD, −0.42; 95% CI, −0.52 to −0.32), blood culture (SMD, −0.31; 95% CI, −0.40 to −0.21), antibiotic administration (SMD, −0.34; 95% CI, −0.39 to −0.29), and lactate measurement (SMD, −0.15; 95% CI, −0.22 to −0.08). Electronic alerts were particularly associated with reduced mortality (RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.92) and adherence with blood culture guidelines (RR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.27).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that sepsis alert systems in EDs were associated with better patient outcomes along with better adherence to sepsis management protocols. These systems hold promise for enhancing ED responses to sepsis, potentially leading to better patient outcomes.