bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New lipid interaction partners stimulate the inhibition of activated protein C by cell-penetrating protein C inhibitor
Authors: Wahlmüller Felix Christof , Sokolikova Barbora , Rieger Daniela , Geiger Margarethe 
Published: October 2013

SummaryProtein C inhibitor (PCI, SerpinA5) is a heparin-binding serpin which can penetrate through cellular membranes. Selected negatively charged phospholipids like unsaturated phosphatidylserine and oxidised phosphatidylethanolamine bind to PCI and stimulate its inhibitory activity towards different proteases. The interaction of phospholipids with PCI might also alter the lipid distribution pattern of blood cells and influence the remodelling of cellular membranes. Here we showed that PCI is an additional binding partner of phosphatidic acid (PA), cardiolipin (CL), and phosphoinositides (PIPs). Protein lipid overlay assays exhibited a unique binding pattern of PCI towards different lipid species. In addition PA, CL, and unsaturated, monophosphorylated PIPs stimulated the inhibitory property of PCI towards activated protein C in a heparin like manner. As shown for kallistatin (SerpinA4) and vaspin (SerpinA12), the incubation of cells with PCI led to the activation of protein kinase B (AKT), which could be achieved through direct interaction of PCI with PIPs. This model is supported by the fact that PCI stimulated the PIP-dependent 5-phosphatase SHIP2 in vitro, which would result in AKT activation. Hence the interaction of PCI with different lipids might not only stimulate the inhibition of potential target protease by PCI, but could also alter intracellular lipid signalling.
The thrombomodulin lectin-like domain does not change host responses to tuberculosis
Authors: de Vos Alex F. , Roelofs Joris J. T. H. , van der Loos Chris M. , de Boer Onno J. , van’t Veer Cornelis , Conway Edward M. , Poll Tom van der , Kager Liesbeth M. 
Published: October 2013

SummaryTuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium (M.) tuberculosis, is a devastating infectious disease causing many deaths world-wide. Thrombomodulin (TM) is a multidomain glycoprotein expressed on all vascular endothelial cells. We here studied the role of the lectin-like domain of TM, responsible for a variety of anti-inflammatory properties of TM, during TB. We compared the extent of TM-expression in human lung tissue of TB and control patients. The, the role of the lectin-like domain of TM was investigated by comparing mice lacking this domain (TMLeD/LeD mice) with wild-type (WT) mice during experimental lung TB induced by infection with M. tuberculosis via the airways. Lungs were harvested for analyses at two, six and 29 weeks after infection. Lung TM-expression was downregulated in TB patients, which was not related to changes in the amount of endothelium in infected lungs. TMLeD/LeD mice showed unaltered mycobacterial loads in lungs, liver and spleen during experimental TB. Additionally, lung histopathology and cytokine concentrations were largely similar in TMLeD/LeD and WT mice, while total leukocyte counts were increased in lungs of TMLeD/LeD mice after 29 weeks of infection. Mortality did not occur in either group. The lectin-like domain of TM does not play an important role in the host response to M. tuberculosis infection in mice.
The Biblical Account of the Post-Diluvian Generation (Gen. 9:20-10:32) in the Light of Greek Genealogical Literature
Authors: Darshan Guy 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Despite the fact that the Flood narrative originates in Mesopotamia, neither of the two principal motifs discussed in this paper—the representation of the Flood hero and his offspring as the progenitors of the nations (Genesis 10) and the planting of the first vineyard in the first post-diluvian generation (Gen 9:20-27)—occur in the Mesopotamian versions of the Flood story. Scholars have thus opined that these two units constitute original Israelite literary creations penned by the biblical authors. A similar juxtaposition of material does appear, however, in the early Greek genealogical writings, that began to be committed to writing during the Archaic period (C7-6 b.c.e.). The relationship this literature bears to the biblical texts has yet to be examined. This article analyzes the parallels between the Greek genealogical writings and the biblical texts regarding the Flood hero and his descendants in the first post-diluvian generations and the central place these hold in both sets of literature. The results possess great significance for the question of the genre and development of the literary threads in the opening chapters of Genesis, as also for our understanding of the literary patterns and motifs prevalent in the ancient eastern Mediterranean cultures during the first third of the first millennium b.c.e. and the interest the latter exhibit in issues relating to ethnic identity.
High cross-family transferability of microsatellite markers developed for the snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio (Fabricius, 1788)
Authors: Kang Jung-Ha , Park Jung-Youn , Kim Yi-Kyung , Choi Jung-Hwa , Ko Hyun-Sook 
Published: October 2013

Of the seven species in the genusChionoecetes(family Oregoniidae), the snow crabChionoecetes opilio(Fabricius, 1788) is one of the most important commercial crustacean species along with its relative, the red snow crabC. japonicusRathbun, 1932. Despite restrictions allowing male-only capture and size limits, the capture ofC. opiliois changing and management of its natural resources is required. Microsatellite markers forC. opiliothat can be used in population and management studies were isolated using 454 pyrosequencing, a cost-effective and rapid method. Among 11 172 dinucleotide microsatellites, 64 loci containing more than nine repeats of either CA or AT were selected for primer synthesis, and 49 (76.6%) primer sets producing PCR products between 100-300 bp in length were selected as candidates. Following initial experiments with four individuals ofC. opilio, 18 polymorphic loci and three monomorphic loci were selected as the final microsatellite markers for this study. In a cross-species transfer analysis of these markers using 11 crab species belonging to the families Oregoniidae, Cheiragonidae and Portunidae in the order Brachyura, two loci, Co10-nfrdi and Co36-nfrdi, were amplified by PCR from all of the tested species, while the rest of the loci were amplified in at least one of the tested species. Among the 11 tested species,Portunus trituberculatus(Miers, 1876) of the family Portunidae showed the highest transferability. The average percentage of amplification was higher in the same genus followed by in the same family rather than in different genera or families.
Composite VORTEX2 Supercell Environments from Near-Storm Soundings
Authors: Parker Matthew D. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Three-dimensional composite analyses using 134 soundings from the second Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes Experiment (VORTEX2) reveal the nature of near-storm variability in the environments of supercell thunderstorms. Based upon the full analysis, it appears that vertical wind shear increases as one approaches a supercell within the inflow sector, providing favorable conditions for supercell maintenance (and possibly tornado formation) despite small amounts of low-level cooling near the storm. The seven analyzed tornadic supercells have a composite environment that is clearly more impressive (in terms of widely used metrics) than that of the five analyzed nontornadic supercells, including more convective available potential energy (CAPE), more vertical wind shear, higher boundary layer relative humidity, and lower tropospheric horizontal vorticity that is more streamwise in the near-storm inflow. The widely used supercell composite parameter (SCP) and significant tornado parameter (STP) summarize these differences well. Comparison of composite environments from early versus late in supercells' lifetimes reveals only subtle signs of storm-induced environmental modification, but potentially important changes associated with the evening transition toward a cooler and moister boundary layer with enhanced low-level vertical shear. Finally, although this study focused primarily on the composite inflow environment, it is intriguing that the outflows sampled by VORTEX2 soundings were surprisingly shallow (generally ≤500 m deep) and retained considerable CAPE (generally ≥1000 J kg−1). The numerous VORTEX2 near-storm soundings provide an unprecedented observational view of supercell–environment interactions, and the analyses are ripe for use in a variety of future studies.
Stigma, Self-esteem and Reproduction: Talking with Men about Life with Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia
Authors: Clarke Angus 
Published: October 2013

Interviews were conducted with members of 20 families, including affected males, to explore their experiences of life with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED), which impacts physical appearance. Stigmatisation is an important aspect of life for affected males; choosing how to respond becomes an important aspect of identity. Strategies include consolation, complaint, the rejection of complaint, humour and retaliation. Affected males suggest parallels with racism. The difficulties of life with HED raise the question for affected men of whether to have children. This prompts reflection upon the value of their lives, which they project onto their potential descendants. While some reject reproduction as irresponsible, others are positive about their lives, are willing to have children and would regard it as wrong to terminate an affected pregnancy. These findings have implications for ‘responsible reproduction’ (an extension of the ‘sick role’ for genetic conditions) and the effect of stigmatisation on these personal decisions.
Comparison of three software systems for semi-automatic volumetry of pulmonary nodules on baseline and follow-up CT examinations
Authors: Zhao Ying Ru , Ooijen Peter MA van , Dorrius Monique D , Heuvelmans Marjolein , Bock Geertruida H de , Vliegenthart Rozemarijn , Oudkerk Matthijs 
Published: October 2013

Background Early diagnosis of lung cancer in a treatable stage is the main purpose of lung cancer screening by computed tomography (CT). Accurate three-dimensional size and growth measurements are essential to assess the risk of malignancy. Nodule volumes can be calculated by using semi-automated volumetric software. Systematic differences in volume measurements between packages could influence nodule categorization and management decisions. Purpose To compare volumetric measurements of solid pulmonary nodules on baseline and follow-up CT scans as well as the volume doubling time (VDT) for three software packages. Material and Methods From a Lung Cancer Screening study (NELSON), 50 participants were randomly selected from the baseline round. The study population comprised participants with at least one pulmonary nodule at the baseline and consecutive CT examination. The volume of each nodule was determined for both time points using three semi-automated software packages (P1, P2, and P3). Manual modification was performed when automated assessment was visually inaccurate. VDT was calculated to evaluate nodule growth. Volume, VDT, and nodule management were compared for the three software packages, using P1 as the reference standard. Results In 25 participants, 147 nodules were present on both examinations (volume: 12.0–436.6 mm3). Initial segmentation at baseline was evaluated to be satisfactory in 93.9% of nodules for P1, 84.4 % for P2, and 88.4% for P3. Significant difference was found in measured volume between P1 and the other two packages ( P < 0.001). P2 overestimated the volume by 38 ± 24%, and P3 by 50 ± 22%. At baseline, there was consensus on nodule size categorization in 80% for P1&P2 and 74% for P1&P3. At follow-up, consensus on VDT categorization was present in 47% for P1&P2 and 44% for P1&P3. Conclusion Software packages for lung nodule evaluation yield significant differences in volumetric measurements and VDT. This variation affects the classification of lung nodules, especially in follow-up examinations.
Interventional tumor removal: a new technique for malignant spinal tumor and malignant vertebral compression fractures without epidural involvement
Authors: Song Hong-Mei , Gu Yi-Feng , Li Yong-Dong , Wu Chun-Gen , Sun Zhen-Kui , He Cheng-Jian 
Published: October 2013

Background Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is associated with incomplete pain relief and vertebral instability due to cement leakages. Purpose To evaluate the feasibility of a new method of PVP, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and interventional tumor removal (ITR) for malignant spinal tumor and malignant vertebral compression fractures without epidural involvement. Material and Methods Twelve patients were treated with PVP, RFA, and ITR. A 14 G needle and a guidewire were inserted into the vertebral body, followed by sequential dilatation of the tract with the working cannula until the last working cannula reached the anterior portions of the pedicle. Thereafter, tumors were ablated with a radiofrequency probe, and ITR was performed with a marrow nucleus rongeurs. Then, cement was injected into the extirpated vertebral body. The data were collected and follow-up was performed after 1, 3, and 6 months, and thereafter every 6 months postoperatively. Results PVP, RFA, and ITR were technically successful in all patients. The average preoperative pain visual analog scale (VAS) score was 7.0 ± 1.0, which decreased to 2.1 ± 1.2 at 1 month, to 1.6 ± 1.4 at 6 months, to 1.8 ± 1.7 at 1 year, and was maintained at 1.3 ± 1.1 at >1-year follow-up. A total of 92% patients (11/12) obtained excellent and good pain relief with improvement of quality of life. Seven patients continued with follow-up healthcare, and five patients died of the underlying disease. Conclusion PVP, RFA, and ITR may be a feasible approach for malignant spinal tumor and malignant vertebral compression fractures without epidural involvement.
Distribution of porcine monocytes in different lymphoid tissues and the lungs during experimental Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection and the role of chemokines
Authors: Ondrackova Petra , Leva Lenka , Kucerova Zdenka , Vicenova Monika , Mensikova Marketa , Faldyna Martin 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Monocytes play an essential role in the defense against bacterial pathogens. Bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) monocytes in pigs consist of the main “steady-state” subpopulations: CD14hi/CD163-/SLA-DR- and CD14low/CD163+/SLA-DR+. During inflammation, the subpopulation of “inflammatory” monocytes expressing very high levels of CD163, but lacking the SLA-DR molecule (being CD14low/CD163+/SLA-DR-) appears in the BM and PB and replaces the CD14low/CD163+/SLA-DR+ subpopulation. However, current knowledge of monocyte migration into inflamed tissues in pigs is limited. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the distribution of “inflammatory” CD14low/CD163+/SLA-DR- monocytes during experimental inflammation induced by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) and a possible role for chemokines in attracting “inflammatory” CD14low/CD163+/SLA-DR- monocytes into the tissues. Monocyte subpopulations were detected by flow cytometry. Chemokines and chemokine receptors were detected by RT-qPCR. The “steady-state” monocytes were found in the BM, PB, spleen and lungs of control pigs. After APP-infection, “inflammatory” monocytes replaced the “steady-state” subpopulation in BM, PB, spleen and moreover, they appeared in an unaffected area, demarcation zone and necrotic area of the lungs and in tracheobronchial lymph nodes. They did not appear in mesenteric lymph nodes. Levels of mRNA for various chemokines with their appropriate receptors were found to be elevated in BM (CCL3-CCR1/CCR5, CCL8-CCR2/CCR5, CCL19-CCR7), necrotic area of the lungs (CCL3-CCR1, CCL5-CCR1/CCR3, CCL11-CCR3, CCL22/CCR4) and tracheobronchial lymph nodes (CCL3-CCR1) and therefore they could play a role in attracting monocytes into inflamed tissues. In conclusion, “inflammatory” monocytes appear in different lymphoid tissues and the lungs after APP infection in pigs. Various chemokines could drive this process.
The role of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha in metastatic tumor formation of hepatocellular carcinoma and its close relationship with the mesenchymal–epithelial transition markers
Authors: Yao Dianbo , Peng Songlin , Dai Chaoliu 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background
Mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET) is now suggested to participate in the process of metastatic tumor formation. However, in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) the process is still not well revealed.

Methods
Paraffin-embedded tissue samples were obtained from 13 patients with HCC in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University. The expression of E-cadherin, Fibronectin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha (HNF4alpha), Snail and Slug was assessed in primary tumors and their corresponding metastases by immunohistochemical staining. Next, the expression of HNF4alpha and E-cadherin in four HCC cell lines was examined. Furthermore, SK-Hep-1 cells were transfected with human HNF4alpha expression vector, and the change of E-cadherin expression was assessed.

Results
45.2% (14/31) of the lesions in the metastases showed increased E-cadherin expression compared with the primaries, suggesting the possible occurrence of MET in metastatic tumor formation of HCC, as re-expression of E-cadherin is proposed to be the important hallmark of MET. The occurrence of MET was also confirmed by the reduced expression of Fibronectin (54.8%, 17/31), N-cadherin (38.7%, 12/31) and Vimentin (61.3%, 19/31) in the metastases. 45.2% (14/31) of the lesions in the metastases also showed increased HNF4alpha expression, and 67.7% (21/31) and 48.4% (15/31) of metastases showed decreased Snail and Slug expression respectively. Statistical results showed that the expression of HNF4alpha was positively related with that of E-cadherin, and negatively correlated with that of Snail, Slug and Fibronectin, suggesting that the expression change of the MET markers in the metastatic lesions might be associated with HNF4alpha. Among the four HCC cell lines, both HNF4alpha and E-cadherin expressed high in Hep3B and Huh-7 cells, but low in SK-Hep-1 and Bel-7402 cells. Furthermore, the expression of E-cadherin increased accordingly when SK-Hep-1 cells were transfected with human HNF4alpha expression vector, further confirming the role of HNF4alpha in the regulation of E-cadherin expression.

Conclusions
Our clinical observations and experimental data indicate that HNF4alpha might play a crucial role in the metastatic tumor formation of HCC, and the mechanism may be related with the process of phenotype transition.
An analysis of oligomerization interfaces in transmembrane proteins
Authors: Duarte Jose M , Biyani Nikhil , Baskaran Kumaran , Capitani Guido 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background
The amount of transmembrane protein (TM) structures solved to date is now large enough to attempt large scale analyses. In particular, extensive studies of oligomeric interfaces in the transmembrane region are now possible.

Results
We have compiled the first fully comprehensive set of validated transmembrane protein interfaces in order to study their features and assess what differentiates them from their soluble counterparts.

Conclusions
The general features of TM interfaces do not differ much from those of soluble proteins: they are large, tightly packed and possess many interface core residues. In our set, membrane lipids were not found to significantly mediate protein-protein interfaces. Although no G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) was included in the validated set, we analyzed the crystallographic dimerization interfaces proposed in the literature. We found that the putative dimer interfaces proposed for class A GPCRs do not show the usual patterns of stable biological interfaces, neither in terms of evolution nor of packing, thus they likely correspond to crystal interfaces. We cannot however rule out the possibility that they constitute transient or weak interfaces. In contrast we do observe a clear signature of biological interface for the proposed dimer of the class F human Smoothened receptor.
Synthesis and electroluminescence property of new hexaphenylbenzene derivatives including amine group for blue emitters
Authors: Shin Hwangyu , Wang Yun-Fan , Kim Jong-Hyung , Lee Jaehyun , Kay Kwang-Yol , Park Jongwook 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Three new blue-emitting compounds of 5P-VA, 5P-VTPA, and 5P-DVTPA for organic light-emitting diode (OLED) based on hexaphenylbenzene moiety were demonstrated. Physical properties by the change of the substitution groups of the synthesized materials were systematically examined. Photoluminescence spectrum of the synthesized materials showed maximum emitting wavelengths of about 400 to 447 nm in solution state and 451 to 461 nm in film state, indicating deep blue emission color. OLED devices were fabricated by the synthesized compounds using vacuum deposit process as an emitting layer. The device structure was ITO/2-TNATA 60 nm/ NPB 15 nm/ EML 35 nm/ TPBi 20 nm/ LiF 1 nm/ Al 200 nm. External quantum efficiencies and CIE values of 5P-VA, 5P-VTPA, and 5P-DVTPA were 1.89%, 3.59%, 3.34%, and (0.154, 0.196), (0.150, 0.076), (0.148, 0.120), respectively. 5P-VTPA and 5P-DVTPA exhibited superior highly blue quality and thermal property such as high T
d of 448°C and 449°C.
Adsorption of gas molecules on monolayer MoS2 and effect of applied electric field
Authors: Yue Qu , Shao Zhengzheng , Chang Shengli , Li Jingbo 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Abstract
Using first-principles calculations, we investigate the adsorption of various gas molecules (H2, O2, H2O, NH3, NO, NO2, and CO) on monolayer MoS2. The most stable adsorption configuration, adsorption energy, and charge transfer are obtained. It is shown that all the molecules are weakly adsorbed on the monolayer MoS2 surface and act as charge acceptors for the monolayer, except NH3 which is found to be a charge donor. Furthermore, we show that charge transfer between the adsorbed molecule and MoS2 can be significantly modulated by a perpendicular electric field. Our theoretical results are consistent with the recent experiments and suggest MoS2 as a potential material for gas sensing application.