bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐Fermi‐liquid instabilities in non‐centrosymmetric heavy‐fermion CePtSi: A low‐temperature study
Authors: Strydom A. M. , Snyman J. L. , Britz D. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractCePtSi is a known heavy‐fermion compound with no magnetic ordering. It forms in a tetragonal non‐centrosymmetric crystal structure. Pronounced Kondo features at elevated temperatures originate from magnetic Ce+3 ions. Towards low temperatures coherence develops in the electronic scattering and a Kondo lattice forms below 30 K. At the same temperature scale the electronic specific heat steeply escalates to CP/T ≃ 0.7 J mol−1 K−2. Considerable effort has been devoted in previous studies to find the origin for the observed low‐temperature divergences in thermal properties in CePtSi and in particular for the putative non‐Fermi‐liquid behaviour. To date however, a coherent description of the physics of CePtSi remains to be found. In this work we present low‐temperature results of χ(T), CP(T), and ρ(T). A picture of the low‐temperature nature of this compound is forwarded that is consistent across the thermal properties. We illustrate how a non‐Fermi‐liquid state intervenes between the high‐temperature incoherent Kondo region and Kondo lattice ground state of CePtSi. The non‐Fermi‐liquid region effectively mediates a crossover from the high‐temperature paramagnetic state in CePtSi to its Fermi‐liquid ground state. We argue that magnetic ordering is avoided through a small but intrinsic dissimilarity between nearest‐neighbour Ce atoms.
Static and dynamic susceptibility in the putative ferromagnetic quantum critical system YbNi4P2 probed by 31P NMR
Authors: Sarkar Rajib , Khuntia Panchanan , Spehling Johannes , Krellner Cornelius , Geibel Christoph , Klauss Hans‐Henning , Baenitz Michael 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe ferromagnetic (FM) quantum critical system YbNi4P2 has been investigated by means of 31P‐NMR. This is a newly discovered heavy fermion system which shows a FM transition at a very low TC = 170 mK. The present reported result is the extension of our previous work published in Ref. 11. 31P NMR results suggest the validity of the Korringa law in the presence of strong FM correlations. 31P NMR spectra have shown the anisotropic nature. The local magnetization derived from our NMR spectra is presented as a function of field at selected temperatures. The obtained spin‐lattice relaxation rate 31(1/T1T) follows a weak power‐law as T−0.75 in a wide field range down to T = 1.8 K. Possible scenarios for this unusual power‐law behavior are discussed. Additionally, 31(1/T1T) is nicely scaled with the observed (C/T)2 ∼ T−0.8 power law in the temperature range 1.8–10 K within the framework of renormalized Landau Fermi Liquid theory.
Disorder in order: silicon versus graphene
Authors: Popescu Mihai , Sava Florinel , Lőrinczi Adam , Velea Alin 
Published: March 2013

Abstractmagnified imageThe topological transition from order to disorder in crystalline silicon was investigated by a computer simulation procedure. The gradually introduction of topological Wooten–Winer–Weaire defect states makes the crystal change in a more and more disordered assembly of atoms. The characterization of deformation energy around a single defect state is analyzed. The topological transition from graphene structure to an amorphous carbon layer, by introduction of a high number of Stone–Wales defect‐type states was evidenced. The comparison of the disordered structure in tetrahedrally bonded semiconductors (silicon) and a two‐dimensional network based on graphene structure was made.
New results in robust functional state estimation using two sliding mode observers in cascade
Authors: Kee Chew Yee , Tan Chee Pin , Ng Kok Yew , Trinh Hieu 
Published: March 2013

SUMMARYThis paper presents a functional observer scheme using two sliding mode observers in cascade. A coordinate transformation is performed on the system such that existing sliding mode observer theory can be directly applied to achieve functional state estimation. The necessary and sufficient existence conditions for the scheme (in terms of the original system matrices) are also investigated, and they are found to be less stringent than earlier work on functional state estimation using one sliding mode observer; this could have benefits in terms of cost and simplicity. A numerical example verifies the effectiveness of the scheme. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust Synthesis of Gold Cubic Nanoframes through a Combination of Galvanic Replacement, Gold Deposition, and Silver Dealloying
Authors: Wan Dehui , Xia Xiaohu , Wang Yucai , Xia Younan 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA facile, robust approach to the synthesis of Au cubic nanoframes is described. The synthesis involves three major steps: 1) preparation of Au–Ag alloyed nanocages using a galvanic replacement reaction between Ag nanocubes and HAuCl4; 2) deposition of thin layers of pure Au onto the surfaces of the nanocages by reducing HAuCl4 with ascorbic acid, and; 3) formation of Au cubic nanoframes through a dealloying process with HAuCl4. The key to the formation of Au cubic nanoframes is to coat the surfaces of the Au–Ag nanocages with sufficiently thick layers of Au before they are dealloyed. The Au layer could prevent the skeleton of a nanocage from being fragmented during the dealloying step. The as‐prepared Au cubic nanoframes exhibit tunable localized surface plasmon resonance peaks in the near‐infrared region, but with much lower Ag content as compared with the initial Au–Ag nanocages.
Genomic analysis reveals the biotechnological ability of Enterococcus italicus to produce glutathione
Authors: Borgo Francesca , Carpen Aristodemo , Ferrario Chiara , Iametti Stefania , Fortina Maria Grazia 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Through the analysis of the recently available genome shotgun sequence of Enterococcus italicus DSM 15952T type strain (Accession PRJNA61487, ID 61487), we found the presence of a gene encoding a bifunctional enzyme, termed γ-GCS-GS or GshF, involved in glutathione production and not influenced by feedback inhibition. The gshF gene exhibited high nucleotide and amino acid sequence similarity to other reported sequences from the Enterococcus genus and was constitutively expressed both in osmotic shock or in common cultural conditions. Several experimental studies concerning the culture medium, physiological stress, cell extract obtainment, and scaling-up showed that in selected conditions E. italicus was able to accumulate up to 250 μM of intracellular glutathione, which represented the main thiol group present into the cells. This is the first report regarding the production of glutathione by E. italicus, a species that could be used as a safe adjunct culture for glutathione-enriched dairy foods.
Aggregation and Phase Separation Phenomenon of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride Under the Influence of Pharmaceutical Excipients
Authors: Rub Malik Abdul , Asiri Abdullah M. , Sheikh Mohmad Shafi , Azum Naved , Khan Anish , Khan Aftab Aslam Parwaz , Rahman Mohammed M. , Kabir‐ud‐Din  
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe interaction between the amphiphilic drug amitriptyline hydrochloride (AMT) and the nonionic surfactants used in drug delivery has been investigated. Herein, we report the micellization behavior of AMT in presence of ethoxylated alkyl phenols in aqueous medium and the clouding phenomenon in the absence and presence of different nonionic surfactants in buffer solution. The values of critical micelle concentration (CMC) of AMT obtained using the conductivity method, decrease as nonionic surfactant concentration increases. With an increase in temperature, the CMC first increases and then decreases. At 303.15 K, the maximum CMC values were obtained with or without nonionic surfactant. The results obtained indicate attractive interactions (synergism) between the two mixing amphiphiles in solution. The experimentally obtained critical micelle concentration (CMC) values are always lower than ideal CMC values. Micellar mole fraction (X1) values, calculated by different proposed models, show the contribution of nonionic surfactant concentration. At a fixed drug concentration (50 mmol kg−1) and pH (=6.7) nonionic surfactants show continuous increase in cloud point (CP). Increase in drug concentration and pH, in the presence of fixed amounts of nonionic surfactant, increases and decreases the CP, respectively.
Ozonation of Anionic and Non‐ionic Surfactants in Aqueous Solutions: Impact on Aquatic Toxicity
Authors: Lechuga Manuela , Fernández‐Arteaga Alejandro , Fernández‐Serrano Mercedes , Jurado Encarnación , Burgos Alejandro , Ríos Francisco 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the influence of ozonation of anionic and non‐ionic surfactants on their aquatic toxicity. Toxicity values of various commercially important anionic and non‐ionic surfactants have been determined using the luminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri. Surface tension measurements were made to study the interfacial activity. The behavior depends on the chemical structure. Some intermediate ozonation products were found to be more toxic than the base surfactant and others were found to be less. Surfactants with aromatic rings such as linear alkyl benzene sulfonates, or surfactants with glycosidic groups such as alkylpolyglucosides, exhibit a lower toxicity after ozonation. On the other hand, ether groups present in the fatty‐alcohol ethoxylates and ether carboxylic derivative surfactants, and carboxylic acid derivates present in the ether carboxylic derivative surfactants lead to increasing toxicity after ozonation. Surfactants with ether groups probably formed short‐chain polyethoxylated compounds and carboxylic acids, which are possibly responsible for the surface‐tension decrease that promotes the toxicity increase.
Plasticity of Mouse Brain Docosahexaenoic Acid: Modulation by Diet and Age
Authors: Moriguchi Toru , Harauma Akiko , Salem Norman 
Published: March 2013

AbstractDecreases in brain docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been associated with losses in brain function leading to an interest in the conditions which lead to such brain decreases, and such variables as age. Also of relevance would be the rate of repletion of DHA when the n‐3 dietary deficiency is reversed. This experiment describes dietary deficiency in n‐3 fatty acids induced in weanling (3 week) and young adult (7 week) mice. There was an immediate and continuous loss of brain DHA with similar rates in the two age groups. Serum DHA declined more rapidly in younger animals with respect to similarly treated adults. Brain and serum docosapentaenoic acid (DPAn‐6) increased more rapidly and to higher levels in the younger animals. A second experiment determined the rates of normalization of brain fatty acid profiles when alpha‐linolenic acid was added to the diets of n‐3 deficient mice. Brain DHA recovery occurred at a faster rate (half‐time,T1/2= 1.4 weeks) when begun at weaning relative to young adult mice (T1/2= 3.5 weeks). Correspondingly, brain DPAn‐6 recovered faster in the younger animals; the adult group had a half‐time of more than twice that of the 3‐week old group. This study therefore demonstrates that the young adult mouse brain DHA is somewhat plastic and can be partially depleted via a low n‐3 fatty acid diet and subsequently restored when dietary n‐3 fatty acids are repleted. Relevance of these findings for human nutrition is discussed.
Clinical classification of cardiovascular tumors and tumor-like lesions, and its incidences
Authors: Amano Jun , Nakayama Jun , Yoshimura Yasuo , Ikeda Uichi 
Published: March 2013

AbstractTumors of the heart and the great vessels are very rare disease, and there are many disorders such as tumors originated from the heart and great vessels, metastatic tumors, and tumor-like lesions which do not fit into the usual concept of tumor or neoplasm; thus, it is very difficult to classify these tumors. We proposed a new classification of cardiovascular tumors for clinical use based on the accumulated biological analyses and clinical data of the reported literatures and our own study as benign tumors, malignant tumors, ectopic hyperplasia/ectopic tumors/others, and tumors of great vessels, with reference to the series of Atlas of tumor pathology of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology and the recent World Health Organization classification of cardiac tumors issued in 2004. More than 50 disorders have been reported as tumors originated from the cardiovascular system, and various metastatic tumors from nearby organs, distant lesions, and intravascular extension tumors to the heart were reported. Based on the new classification, we reviewed epidemiology and incidence of cardiovascular tumors. Metastatic tumors are more frequent than tumors originated from the heart and great vessels, and cardiac myxoma is the most frequent tumors in all cardiac tumors.
Unique functional roles for class I and class II histone deacetylases in central nervous system development and function
Authors: Morris Michael J. , Monteggia Lisa M. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractNon‐specific pharmacological inhibition of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) family of enzymes has largely beneficial effects in a variety of diverse contexts including cancer, cognitive function, and neurodegeneration. This review will discuss the role of individual HDAC isoforms in brain function during development and in the adult. Importantly class I and class II HDACs exhibit distinct cellular and subcellular expression patterns and utilize different signaling pathways to influence their substrates. Moreover, dissociable phenotypic outcomes emerge following manipulation of individual HDACs in the brain. To date, pharmacological inhibitors capable of targeting individual HDACs have proven difficult to develop, an obstacle that must be overcome to unlock the substantial clinical promise of manipulating endogenous HDAC isoforms in the central nervous system.
Epigenetic regulation of neural stem cell fate during corticogenesis
Authors: MuhChyi Chai , Juliandi Berry , Matsuda Taito , Nakashima Kinichi 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe cerebral cortex comprises over three quarters of the brain, and serves as structural basis for the sophisticated perceptual and cognitive functions. It develops from common multipotent neural stem cells (NSCs) that line the neural tube. Development of the NSCs encompasses sequential phases of progenitor expansion, neurogenesis, and gliogenesis along with the progression of developmental stages. Interestingly, NSCs steadfastly march through all of these phases and give rise to specific neural cell types in a temporally defined and highly predictable manner. Herein, we delineate the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that dictate the progression and tempo of NSC differentiation during cerebral cortex development, and how epigenetic modifications contribute to the dynamic properties of NSCs.
Modelling potential β-carotene intake and cyanide exposure from consumption of biofortified cassava
Authors: Katz Josh M. , La Frano Michael R. , Winter Carl K. , Burri Betty J. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractVitamin A (VA) deficiency causes disability and mortality. Cassava can be crossbred to improve its β-carotene (BC) content; typical white cassava contains negligible amounts of BC. However, cassava contains cyanide and its continued consumption may lead to chronic disability. Our objective was to estimate the risk–benefit of consuming BC-enhanced cassava to increase VA intake. A total of ten American women were fed white and BC-enhanced cassava. BC and cyanide data from the feeding study were combined with African cassava consumption data to model the potential daily BC, VA and cyanide intakes of African women. If BC-enhanced cassava replaced white cassava in the diets, it could theoretically meet recommended VA intakes for the following percentages of individuals from six African countries that consume cassava as a staple crop: Angola (95 %), Central African Republic (95 %), Congo (about 100 %), Ghana (99 %), Mozambique (99 %) and Nigeria (92 %). Cyanide intake after minimal preparation of cassava could be thirteen to thirty-two times the reference dose (RfD), a toxicological exposure reference, but could be completely removed by extensive soaking. This study demonstrates that consumption of BC-enhanced cassava, processed to maintain BC and remove cyanide, theoretically increases VA intakes for African populations and other areas of the world where cassava is a staple crop.
Association of intronic repetition of SLC26A4 gene with Hashimoto thyroiditis disease
Authors: BELGUITH-MAALEJ SALIMA , KALLEL RIHAB , MNIF MOUNA , ABID MOHAMED , AYADI HAMMADI , KACEM HASSEN HADJ 
Published: March 2013

SummaryIntronic microsatellites repeats were implicated in the pathogenic mechanisms of several diseases. SLC26A4 gene, involved in the genetic susceptibility of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), harbours large non-coding introns. Using the tandem repeat finder (TRF) Software, two new polymorphic microsatellite markers, rs59736472 and rs57250751, located at introns 10 and 20, respectively, were identified. A case-control design including 308 patients affected with AITD (146 GD, 90 HT and 72 PIM) and 212 unmatched healthy controls were performed for each marker (rs59736472, D7S2459 and rs57250751). Furthermore, we used PHASE 2.0 version to reconstruct haplotypes, Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) and the Clump analysis program for multivariate analysis. The fluorescent genotyping revealed three alleles (106,112 and 115 bp) for rs57250751 and 12 alleles for both D7S2459 and rs59736472 ranging from 134 to 156 bp and from 144 to 168 bp, respectively. The case-control analysis confirmed the positive association of D7S2459 with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) disease previously reported. Moreover, a significant association was found only with rs59736472 and HT disease. Haplotype-specific analysis showed that the 140-148-115 haplotype may increase the risk of HT (χ2=9·8, 1 df, P=0·0017, OR=2·07, IC [1·27–3·36]). Consequently, considering the number of repetitions of both D7S2459 and rs59736472, we found 15 alleles ranging from 45 to 59 repetitions. The case-control analysis showed a significant association of the 55 repetition with HT disease (χ2=6·32, 1 df, pc=0·012, OR=1·74, IC [1·1–2·76]). In conclusion, we suggest the association of longer alleles of intron 10 of SLC26A4 gene with HT disease.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH-RISK BEHAVIOUR AMONG MIGRANTS IN THE STATE OF MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
Authors: RAO NEETA , JEYASEELAN L. , JOY ANNA , KUMAR V. SAMPATH , THENMOZHI M. , ACHARYA SMRITI 
Published: March 2013

SummaryStudies among migrants show that they are more susceptible to HIV infection than the general population and thereby spread the epidemic from high prevalence to low prevalence areas. It is therefore critical to enhance the body of knowledge on factors associated with condom use among migrants. This study, conducted in 2009 in the State of Maharashtra, covers 4595 single in-migrants aged 15–49 years and aims at understanding the factors associated with non-use of condoms consistently. Information was collected using a Structured Interview Schedule covering demographic, socioeconomic profile, sexual history, knowledge, behaviour and stigma and discrimination indicators. Logistic regression analysis was used to understand the association between unprotected sex and various socio-demographic and environmental factors. The models were run using the Enter method. The goodness-of-fit of the model was assessed using Hosmer and Lemeshow chi-squared statistics. A significant association is observed between sex with sex workers and older migrants (>24 years), the literate, those who are mobile, unmarried, employed in the textile, quarry and construction industries, who often consume alcohol and who watch pornographic films. The factors associated with unprotected sex are age between 30 and 34 years and no literacy. Migrants who are mobile and consume alcohol show a significant association with unprotected sex. The findings suggest a need for a comprehensive HIV prevention programme including strategies to address the stressful work conditions. The prevention programmes should focus not only on skills for safer sex practices, but also on alcohol use reduction.
Molecular characterization of two insect nematode species (Oxyurida: Thelastomatidae) using small subunit (18S) ribosomal DNA sequence and secondary-structure analyses
Authors: Chaudhary A. , Singh N. , Singh H.S. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractNematodes of the family Thelastomatidae are parasitic in the alimentary tract of many arthropods, includingPeriplaneta americanaL. In Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India, two nematode species, namelyHammerschmidtiella indicusandThelastoma icemi, belonging to this family have been reported. In the present study, the molecular phylogeny of these two nematode species was derived using small subunit (18S) sequence and secondary-structure analyses. The small subunit sequence analyses were carried out to explore the validation and systematics of these species. Phylogenetic analyses were performed for primary sequence data as well as using neighbour-joining and maximum-parsimony approaches. In contrast, the inferred secondary structures for the two species, using free-energy modelling, showed structural identities. As well as this, motif sequences were also found to be a promising tool for nematode species identification. The study provides molecular characterization based on primary sequence data of the 18S ribosomal DNA region of the nematodes along with secondary-structure data and motif sequences for inferences at higher taxonomic levels.
Anisakid larvae in the liver of cod (Gadus morhua) L. from the southern Baltic Sea
Authors: Nadolna K. , Podolska M. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn the present investigation a sample of 490 cod (Gadus morhua) was examined from three regions in the southern Baltic Sea (the Polish Exclusive Economic Zone, EEZ). Three species of anisakid nematodes with zoonotic potential, namely species ofContracaecum,AnisakisandPseudoterranova, were found in the liver of cod, withContracaecumbeing the most dominant species. The prevalence of infection was highest in the Western Baltic (22.5%) compared to the Central Baltic (10.4%) and the Gulf of Gdansk (3.4%). Generalized linear models (GLMs) were applied to analyse the prevalence of infection withAnisakissp. andContracaecumsp. relative to biological and spatial parameters. The effect of the sampling region, age and body length of the fish were significant in both GLMs. The effect of region was higher in the Western Baltic than in other regions. The prevalence of infection was correlated with the length of the fish and was higher in adult compared with sub-adult fish. These results suggest that the prevalence of infection with anisakid nematodes (especiallyContracaecumsp.) in cod sampled in Polish waters of the Baltic Sea has significantly increased compared with previous studies undertaken over the past few decades.