bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delivery and utilization of photo‐energy for temperature control using a light‐driven microfluidic control device at −40 °C
Authors: Ge Jing , Qin Mengmeng , Zhang Xu , Yang Xiaoyu , Yang Ping , Wang Hui , Liu Gejun , Zhou Xinlei , Zhang Bo , Qu Zhiguo , Feng Yiyu , Feng Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLow‐temperature energy harvest, delivery, and utilization pose significant challenges for thermal management in extreme environments owing to heat loss during transport and difficulty in temperature control. Herein, we propose a light‐driven photo‐energy delivery device with a series of photo‐responsive alkoxy‐grafted azobenzene‐based phase‐change materials (a‐g‐Azo PCMs). These a‐g‐Azo PCMs store and release crystallization and isomerization enthalpies, reaching a high energy density of 380.76 J/g even at a low temperature of −63.92 °C. On this basis, we fabricate a novel three‐branch light‐driven microfluidic control device for distributed energy recycling that achieves light absorption, energy storage, controlled movement, and selective release cyclically over a wide range of temperatures. The a‐g‐Azo PCMs move remote‐controllably in the microfluidic device at an average velocity of 0.11–0.53 cm/s owing to the asymmetric thermal expansion effect controlled by the temperature difference. During movement, the optically triggered heat release of a‐g‐Azo PCMs achieves a temperature difference of 6.6 °C even at a low temperature of −40 °C. These results provide a new technology for energy harvest, delivery, and utilization in low‐temperature environments via a remote manipulator.
Untersuchungen zu geklebten Beulsteifen im Stahl‐ und Verbundbrückenbau
Authors: Hennes Philipp , Laumann Jörg , Krahwinkel Manuel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractZahlreiche Brücken sind in einem schlechten Zustand. Insbesondere der Widerstand gegen Plattenbeulen stellt ein häufiges Problem dar. Die Ertüchtigung beulgefährdeter Querschnitte im Stahlbrückenbau ist aufgrund häufig nicht schweißgeeigneter Stähle und der zusätzlichen Kerbwirkung aus konventionellen Fügetechniken problematisch. Die Anwendung der Klebetechnik zur Befestigung von Steifenquerschnitten stellt eine materialschonende Ertüchtigungsmaßnahme beulgefährdeter Querschnitte dar. Vor einer praktischen Anwendung sind zahlreiche Fragestellungen hinsichtlich der Konstruktionsweise der Beulaussteifung, der Beanspruchung der Klebschicht infolge Beulen, der Tragfähigkeit der Klebschicht und der Alterungs‐ und Ermüdungsfestigkeit zu beantworten. Auf Basis von numerischen und experimentellen Untersuchungen konnte eine einfache Bruchbedingung aufgestellt werden, welche eine Beurteilung der Tragfähigkeit der Klebschicht ermöglicht. Eine ausreichende beulaussteifende Wirkung der geklebten Steife ist gegeben, solange die Tragfähigkeit der Klebschicht gewährleistet ist. Das Alterungs‐ und Ermüdungsverhalten wurde in Grundversuchen untersucht. Dabei konnten Randbedingungen festgelegt werden, die eine zeitlich begrenzte Beständigkeit sicherstellen. In diesem Bereich besteht aber weiterhin Forschungsbedarf.
Agent Orange and head and neck cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Monaghan Neil P. , Duckett Kelsey A. , Nguyen Shaun A. , Newman Jason G. , Kejner Alexandra E. , Albergotti W. Greer 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the incidence of head and neck cancer in patients exposed to Agent Orange and related dioxins.MethodsStudies were identified through CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus. Primary studies were identified through April 2023. Articles were included reporting incidence of head and neck cancer and/or deaths due to head and neck cancer in participants exposed to Agent Orange. Meta‐analysis of proportions was conducted to calculate incidence and mortality by primary site in those who were exposed to Agent Orange and for control groups. A comparison of proportions was used to compare rates in exposed and control groups.ResultsOf 1530 unique abstracts screened, 13 studies were included in the systematic review. Of the exposed patients with reported subsites, oral cavity (31.2%), and larynx (14%) were the most common. Of the exposed patients with reported deaths and subsites, oropharynx (0.25%) was the most common primary site in patients who died. The most common subsites of those who were not exposed, oropharynx (0.13%), and larynx (0.16%). Head and neck cancer of all subsites was more common in those exposed to Agent Orange than in unexposed controls (difference 0.061%; 95% confidence interval: 0.04%–0.08%, p < 0.0001).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that head and neck cancer is more common in those who were exposed to Agent Orange than those who were not. Additionally, individuals exposed to Agent Orange were more likely to die from head and neck cancer. Further investigation is warranted to evaluate subsite‐specific outcomes given the limitations of our study design.
On the Thermal Dimorphy of the Strontium Perrhenate Sr[ReO4]2
Authors: Conrad Maurice , Bette Sebastian , Dinnebier Robert E. , Schleid Thomas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHygroscopic single crystals of a new hexagonal high‐temperature modification of Sr[ReO4]2 were prepared from a melt of Sr[ReO4]2 ⋅ H2O and SrCl2 ⋅ 6 H2O. The structure analysis of the obtained crystals by X‐ray diffraction revealed that the title compound crystallizes in the ThCd[MoO4]3‐type structure with the hexagonal space group P63/m and the lattice parameters a=1023.81(7) pm and c=646.92(4) pm (c/a=0.632) for Z=2 in its quenchable high‐temperature form. Two crystallographically independent Sr2+ cations are coordinated by oxygen atoms forming either octahedra or tricapped trigonal prisms, whereas the Re7+ cations are found in the centers of discrete tetrahedral meta‐perrhenate units [ReO4]−. Temperature‐dependent in‐situ PXRD studies of dry powder samples of Sr[ReO4]2 exhibited its thermal dimorphy with a phase‐transition temperature at 500–550 °C from literature‐known m‐Sr[ReO4]2 into the newly discovered h‐Sr[ReO4]2 (hexagonal).
Beschreibung der Studienteilnehmenden
Authors: Kiefer Anna 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel werden die zehn Studienteilnehmenden hinsichtlich ihrer soziodemographischen Daten beschrieben. Zudem werden die individuell vorherrschenden Pflegesituationen der Angehörigen und das Verhältnis zum Menschen mit Demenz dargestellt und erläutert. Die Autorin beschreibt dabei ihren subjektiven Eindruck über die psychische Verfassung der Teilnehmenden und stellt ein differenziertes Bild über den jeweiligen Kontext und Alltagsumstände zum Zeitpunkt der Datenerhebung dar.
Fallübergreifende Ergebnisdarstellung
Authors: Kiefer Anna 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungNachdem in Abschnitt 12.2 durch individuelle Fallbeschreibungen die jeweiligen Pflegesituationen und -beziehungen eingehend beschrieben wurden, erfolgt nun eine fallübergreifende Ergebnisdarstellung. Dabei werden mit Blick auf die in Kapitel 6 dargestellten Forschungsfragen die induktiv und deduktiv ausgewerteten Analyseergebnisse der Tagebucheinträge sowie der Interviews aufgezeigt und interpretiert. Dabei liegt der Fokus auf der Beschreibung und Wahrnehmung schöner Momente, deren Wirkung auf pflegende Angehörige und Menschen mit Demenz sowie der Bewertung und Reflexion der Tagebuchmethode.
Die Einbindung von Tagebüchern in Therapie und Forschung
Authors: Kiefer Anna 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen der vorliegenden Forschungsarbeit sollen pflegende Angehörige von Menschen mit Demenz durch die Anwendung der Tagebuch-Methode für die Wahrnehmung schöner Momente im Alltag sensibilisiert werden. Dabei tritt durch individuelle Aufzeichnungen der Schreibenden die Sichtweise des Individuums als primärer Bezugspunkt in den Vordergrund der Betrachtung und ermöglicht so die Betrachtung des inneren „Seelenlebens“ sowie die Abbildung der „Einzigartigkeit dieser Lebensphase“.
Forschungsziel und Forschungsfragen
Authors: Kiefer Anna 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Sorge für Menschen mit Demenz wird von pflegenden Angehörigen häufig aus einer Belastungsperspektive wahrgenommen. Sinnstiftende und berührende Momente zwischen pflegenden Angehörigen und Menschen mit Demenz werden dabei vielfach nicht mehr bewusst erlebt. Da Aspekte der inneren Bereicherung und Erfüllung aber durchaus erfahren werden können, ergibt sich die Notwendigkeit, ebendiese Momente zwischen pflegenden Angehörigen und Menschen mit Demenz wieder fassbar zu machen.
Stability of solitary wave solutions in the Lugiato–Lefever equation
Authors: Bengel Lukas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe analyze the spectral and dynamical stability of solitary wave solutions to the Lugiato–Lefever equation on $$\mathbb {R}$$
R
. Our interest lies in solutions that arise through bifurcations from the phase-shifted bright soliton of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. These solutions are highly nonlinear, localized, far-from-equilibrium waves, and are the physical relevant solutions to model Kerr frequency combs. We show that bifurcating solitary waves are spectrally stable when the phase angle satisfies $$\theta \in (0,\pi )$$

θ
∈
(
0
,
π
)

, while unstable waves are found for angles $$\theta \in (\pi ,2\pi )$$

θ
∈
(
π
,
2
π
)

. Furthermore, we establish asymptotic orbital stability of spectrally stable solitary waves against localized perturbations. Our analysis exploits the Lyapunov–Schmidt reduction method, the instability index count developed for linear Hamiltonian systems, and resolvent estimates.
Ureaplasmen in der Frauenheilkunde und Perinatalmedizin
Authors: Mikula Fanny , Rittenschober-Böhm Judith , Farr Alex 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDas allgemeine Interesse an Ureaplasmen und ihrer Bedeutung für die Frauengesundheit und die Perinatalmedizin hat in den letzten Jahren zugenommen. Eine der größten Herausforderungen in diesem Zusammenhang besteht darin, dass Ureaplasmen Teil der normalen urogenitalen Mikrobiota des Menschen sind, andererseits aber auch mit perinatalen Komplikationen verbunden sein können. Das Potenzial, Schwangerschaftskomplikationen und Neugeboreneninfektionen zu verursachen, hat zu einem großen Interesse an der Rolle von Ureaplasmen in der Perinatalmedizin geführt. Darüber hinaus gibt es eine Debatte darüber, ob während der Schwangerschaft ein Screening auf diese Bakterien durchgeführt werden sollte, um die Rate damit verbundener perinataler Komplikationen zu verringern. Eine rechtzeitige Diagnose, idealerweise mithilfe von PCR(polymerase chain reaction)-Techniken, und die Behandlung von Infektionen mit Ureaplasma species können zur Verbesserung der Ergebnisse bei Müttern und Neugeborenen beitragen. Derzeit besteht jedoch Bedarf an individuellen Lösungen für jede Patientin entsprechend ihrem individuellen Risiko und ihrer Symptomatik, um unnötige Therapien und Kosten zu vermeiden – auch wenn dieser Ansatz natürlich nicht zufriedenstellend ist.
Convex optimization via inertial algorithms with vanishing Tikhonov regularization: fast convergence to the minimum norm solution
Authors: Attouch Hedy , László Szilárd Csaba 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn a Hilbertian framework, for the minimization of a general convex differentiable function f, we introduce new inertial dynamics and algorithms that generate trajectories and iterates that converge fastly towards the minimizer of f with minimum norm. Our study is based on the non-autonomous version of the Polyak heavy ball method, which, at time t, is associated with the strongly convex function obtained by adding to f a Tikhonov regularization term with vanishing coefficient $$\varepsilon (t)$$

ε
(
t
)

. In this dynamic, the damping coefficient is proportional to the square root of the Tikhonov regularization parameter $$\varepsilon (t)$$

ε
(
t
)

. By adjusting the speed of convergence of $$\varepsilon (t)$$

ε
(
t
)

towards zero, we will obtain both rapid convergence towards the infimal value of f, and the strong convergence of the trajectories towards the element of minimum norm of the set of minimizers of f. In particular, we obtain an improved version of the dynamic of Su-Boyd-Candès for the accelerated gradient method of Nesterov. This study naturally leads to corresponding first-order algorithms obtained by temporal discretization. In the case of a proper lower semicontinuous and convex function f, we study the proximal algorithms in detail, and show that they benefit from similar properties.
Mitigating effect of gallic acid on zinc oxide nanoparticles and arsenic trioxide-induced spermatogenesis suppression, testicular injury, hormonal imbalance, and immunohistochemical changes in rats
Authors: Behairy Amany , Hashem Mohamed M. M. , Abo-EL-Sooud Khaled , El-Metwally Abeer E. , Soliman Ahmed M. , Mouneir Samar M. , Hassan Bayan A. , Abd-Elhakim Yasmina M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe current study compared the effects of incorporated exposure to arsenic trioxide (As) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) on male reproductive hormones, oxidative stress, and inflammatory biomarkers in adult rats to each metal alone. A defensive trial with gallic acid (GA) has also been studied. A total of 60 adult male Sprague Dawley rats were categorized into six groups: control, GA (20 mg/kg), ZnONPs (100 mg/kg), As (8 mg/kg), ZnONPs with As, and GA concurrently with ZnONPs and As at the same previous doses. The regimens were applied for 60 days in sequence. Current findings showed significant weight loss in all study groups, with testicular weights significantly decreased in the As and combined groups. Testosterone, follicular stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone serum levels were also considerably reduced, while serum levels of estradiol increased. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) immunoexpression was significantly upregulated while proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was downregulated. Moreover, there was a significant elevation of testicular malondialdehyde, reduction of testicular superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase with disruptive testes, prostate glands, and seminal vesicle alterations in all experimental groups with marked changes in the combined group. Additionally, the present results revealed the protective effects of GA on ZnONPs and As adverse alterations in rats. GA enhanced sperm picture, oxidant status, and hormonal profile. Also, it modulates iNOS and PCNA immunoexpression and recovers the histoarchitecture of the testes, prostate glands, and seminal vesicles. Ultimately, GA may be a promising safeguarding agent against ZnONPs and As-induced disturbances to reproductive parameters.
Use of a sample injection loop for an accurate measurement of particle number concentration by flow cytometry
Authors: Shin Hye Ji , Yang Inchul , Park Sang-Ryoul , Lee Ji Youn 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFlow cytometry plays a pivotal role in biotechnology by providing quantitative measurements for a wide range of applications. Nonetheless, achieving precise particle quantification, particularly without relying on counting beads, remains a challenge. In this study, we introduce a novel exhaustive counting method featuring a sample loop–based injection system that delivers a defined sample volume to a detection system to enhance quantification in flow cytometry. We systematically assess the performance characteristics of this system with micron-sized polystyrene beads, addressing issues related to sample introduction, adsorption, and volume measurement. Results underscore the excellent analytical performance of the proposed method, characterized by high linearity and repeatability. We compare our approach to counting bead–based measurements, and while an approximate bias value was observed, the measured values were found to be similar between the methods, demonstrating its comparability and reliability. This method holds great promise for improving the accuracy and precision of particle quantification in flow cytometry, with implications for various fields including healthcare and environmental monitoring.
Single ion mobility monitoring (SIM2) stitching method for high-throughput and high ion mobility resolution chiral analysis
Authors: Chalet Clément , Rathahao-Paris Estelle , Alves Sandra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChiral analysis is of high interest in many fields such as chemistry, pharmaceuticals and metabolomics. Mass spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry are useful analytical tools, although they cannot be used as stand-alone methods. Here, we propose an efficient strategy for the enantiomer characterization of amino acids (AAs) using non-covalent copper complexes. A single ion mobility monitoring (SIM2) method was applied on a TIMS-ToF mass spectrometer to maximize the detection and mobility separation of isomers. Almost all of the 19 pairs of proteinogenic AA enantiomers could be separated with at least one combination with the chiral references L-Phe and L-Pro. Furthermore, we extended the targeted SIM2 method by stitching several mobility ranges, in order to be able to analyze complex mixtures in a single acquisition while maintaining high mobility resolution. Most of the enantiomeric pairs of AAs separated with the SIM2 method were also detected with this approach. The SIM2 stitching method thus opens the way to a more comprehensive chiral analysis with TIMS-ToF instruments.
Graphical Abstract
Scale modeling of thermo-structural fire tests of multi-orientation wood laminates
Authors: Gangi Michael J. , Lattimer Brian Y. , Case Scott W. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe stacking sequence of laminated wood significantly impacts the composite mechanical behavior of the material, especially when scaling down thermo-mechanical tests on plywood. In previous research, we developed a scaling methodology for thermo-structural tests on samples with similar cross sections, however this paper focused on testing plywood samples with different stacking sequences between the scales. Plywood samples at ½-scale and ¼-scale were subjected to combined bending and thermal loading, with the loading scaled to have the same initial static bending stresses. While the ¼-scale 4-layer [0°/90°]s laminate and the ½-scale 8-layer [0°/90°/90°/0°]s laminate had an equal number of 0° and 90° layers, as the char front progresses, the sections behave differently. Thus, modeling becomes essential to extrapolating the data from the smaller ¼-scale test to predict the behavior of the larger ½-scale test. Reduced cross-sectional area models (RCAM) incorporating classical laminated plate theory were used to predict the mechanical response of the composite samples as the char front increased. Three methods were proposed for calibrating the RCAM models: Fourier number scaling, from detailed kinetics-based pyrolysis GPyro models, and fitting to data from fire exposure thermal response tests. The models calibrated with the experimental char measurements produced the most accurate predictions. The experimental char models validated to predict the behavior of the ¼-scale tests within 2.5%, were then able to predict the ½-scale test behavior within 4.5%.
Using T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-derived radiomics to classify cervical lymphadenopathy in children
Authors: Xu Yanwen , Chu Caiting , Wang Qun , Xiang Linjuan , Lu Meina , Yan Weihui , Huang Lisu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Cervical lymphadenopathy is common in children and has diverse causes varying from benign to malignant, their similar manifestations making differential diagnosis difficult.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate whether radiomic models using conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could classify pediatric cervical lymphadenopathy.

Methods
A total of 419 cervical lymph nodes from 146 patients, and encompassing four common etiologies (Kikuchi disease, reactive hyperplasia, suppurative lymphadenitis and malignancy), were randomly divided into training and testing sets in a ratio of 7:3. For each lymph node, 1,218 features were extracted from T2-weighted images. Then, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) models were used to select the most relevant ones. Two models were built using a support vector machine classifier, one was to classify benign and malignant lymph nodes and the other further distinguished four different diseases. The performance was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curves and decision curve analysis.

Results
By LASSO, 20 features were selected to construct a model to distinguish benign and malignant lymph nodes, which achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.89 and 0.80 in the training and testing sets, respectively. Sixteen features were selected to construct a model to distinguish four different cervical lymphadenopathies. For each etiology, Kikuchi disease, reactive hyperplasia, suppurative lymphadenitis, and malignancy, an AUC of 0.97, 0.91, 0.88, and 0.87 was achieved in the training set, and an AUC of 0.96, 0.80, 0.82, and 0.82 was achieved in the testing set, respectively.

Conclusion
MRI-derived radiomic analysis provides a promising non-invasive approach for distinguishing causes of cervical lymphadenopathy in children.

Graphical Abstract
The effect of formation swimming on tailbeat and breathing frequencies in killer whales
Authors: Spina Federica , Weiss Michael N. , Croft Darren P. , Luschi Paolo , Massolo Alessandro , Domenici Paolo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In many aquatic taxa, formation traveling can reduce the energetic expenditure of locomotion by exploiting the vorticity trails shed by neighbors or through drafting. Cetaceans, especially odontocetes, often swim in groups; nevertheless, the possibility that whales gain energetic benefits from swimming in formation remains poorly studied, apart from mother-calf pairs. Between June and September in 2019 and 2021, we recorded aerial videos of Southern Resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) in the Salish Sea (USA) travelling in groups. We estimated whale tailbeat and breathing frequencies as proxies of the relative energetic costs of swimming, and tested the effect of swimming speed, relative positioning (e.g., leaders, whales in the middle of groups, or followers), sex and estimated size on these observed proxies. Our results reveal a complex relationship between physical characteristics, relative positioning, and energetic proxies. Intervals between respiration lasted longer in large-sized trailing individuals, but the overall breathing frequency was similar for all whales regardless of their position. The tailbeat frequency was mainly associated to whale sex, size, and swimming speed; in addition, tailbeat frequency showed a decreasing trend as the number of individuals in the formation increased. We found moderate evidence that position-based energetic effects may be present in the formation swimming of killer whales, and it is likely that additional factors such as social ties and hierarchies, play a key role in determining individual positioning in travelling groups.

Significance
Swimming in formation has been extensively studied in fish and other aquatic animals and has been documented to provide energetic advantages. Our understanding of the potential energetic benefits of wild cetacean formation swimming has been constrained by the difficulties of studying the movement of whale groups from traditional observation platforms. In recent years, non-invasive observations of cetaceans using unoccupied aerial systems have significantly improved the observation of these species in the wild, providing an exciting opportunity to better understand their behaviors and habits. Our results show a tendency for formation swimming to affect two energetic proxies (tailbeat frequency and the duration of underwater intervals between surfacing events). The results of this study set the stage for further research to identify the multiple determinants affecting killer whale formation swimming which go beyond purely energetic advantages, e.g. social relationships.