bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le Prisonnier de Luigi Dallapiccola : derrière le politique, le religieux
Authors: Ginot-Slacik Charlotte 
Published: January 2013

Composé pendant la seconde guerre mondiale, Le Prisonnier de Luigi Dallapiccola constitue un tournant pour la musique italienne : premier opéra sériel italien en un temps de réaction esthétique et charge contre le fascisme, il est un modèle pour des compositeurs engagés tels que Luigi Nono et Bruno Maderna. Par-delà sa charge politique, Le Prisonnier est également l’expression d’une crise religieuse et d’un doute existentiel. L’Inquisition, institution religieuse par excellence est aussi celle qui torture le croyant au nom de la foi. Le retournement diabolique fait par le Grand Inquisiteur des principales thématiques chrétiennes vise à détruire le libre arbitre de l’autre. La manipulation du prisonnier, Christ contemporain, démontre la vacuité, voire la dangerosité de l’espérance, au nom de laquelle a été abjuré le libre arbitre. Dans l’affrontement entre le geôlier et son prisonnier s’esquisse enfin une sombre définition de la liberté car la parole de celui qui enferme n’est pas plus libre que celle de celui qui est enfermé. La mère seule, unique personnage clairvoyant de l’opéra a pu conserver sa liberté, mais à quel prix : celui de ne pas entrer dans l’action. Le doute qui émerge du Prisonnier est aussi celui de Luigi Dallapiccola, en individu directement touché par la guerre et les lois raciales, et en compositeur humaniste. L’objet de ce texte sera d’étudier la façon dont le musicien décline les thématiques religieuses mais pour les retourner totalement. Car Le Prisonnier, immense oeuvre politique, est aussi celle de l’errance et du questionnement religieux.
Skin regenerative potentials of curcumin
Authors: Thangapazham Rajesh L. , Sharad Shashwat , Maheshwari Radha K. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractCurcumin, an active constituent of the spice turmeric, is well known for its chemopreventive properties and is found to be beneficial in treating various disorders including skin diseases. Curcumin protects skin by quenching free radicals and reducing inflammation through the inhibition of nuclear factor‐kappa B. Curcumin also affects other signaling pathways including transforming growth factor‐β and mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway. Curcumin also modulates the phase II detoxification enzymes which are crucial in detoxification reactions and for protection against oxidative stress. In the present review, the biological mechanisms of the chemopreventive potential of curcumin in various skin diseases like psoriasis, vitiligo, and melanoma is discussed. The application of curcumin in skin regeneration and wound healing is also elucidated. We also explored the recent innovations and advances involved in the development of transdermal delivery systems to enhance the bioavailability of curcumin, particularly in the skin. Recent clinical trials pertaining to the use of curumin in skin diseases establishes its benefits and also the need for additional clinical trials in other diseases are discussed. © 2013 BioFactors, 39(1):141–149, 2013
Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) delivery methods: A review
Authors: Helson Lawrence 
Published: January 2013

AbstractCurcumin interacts with a large number of extra‐ and intracellular targets in a biphasic dose‐dependent manner. It controls inflammation, oxidative stress, cell survival, cell secretion, homeostasis, and proliferation. Its mechanisms of action are generally directed toward cells that exhibit disordered physiology or blatant mutation‐based abnormal states. Optimizing preventative or therapeutic applications require delivering appropriate quantities of curcumin to lesioned cellular targets. Since diseased conditions anatomically are located from topical to systemic sites, efficient application of curcumin requires specific lesion‐oriented delivery methods, representatives of which are here reviewed. © 2013 BioFactors, 39(1):21–26, 2013
An integrated modelling framework of catchment‐scale ecohydrological processes: 1. Model description and tests over an energy‐limited watershed
Authors: Niu Guo‐Yue , Paniconi Claudio , Troch Peter A. , Scott Russell L. , Durcik Matej , Zeng Xubin , Huxman Travis , Goodrich David C. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTThe interactions between atmospheric, hydrological, and ecological processes at various spatial and temporal scales are not fully represented in most ecohydrological models. This first of a two‐part paper documents a fully integrated catchment‐scale ecohydrological model consisting of a three‐dimensional physically based hydrological model and a land surface model. This first part also presents a first application to test the model over an energy‐limited catchment (8.4 km2) of the Sleepers River watershed in Vermont.The physically based hydrological model (CATchment HYdrology, CATHY) describes three‐dimensional subsurface flow in variably saturated porous media and surface routing on hillslopes and in stream channels, whereas the land surface model (LSM), an augmented version of Noah LSM with multiple parameterization schemes (NoahMP), accounts for energy, water, and carbon flux exchanges between various land surface elements and the atmosphere. CATHY and NoahMP are coupled through exchanges of water fluxes and states. In the energy‐limited catchment of the Sleepers River watershed, where snowmelt runoff generation is the dominant hydrologic flux, the coupled CATHY/NoahMP model at both 90 and 30‐m surface grid resolutions, with minimal calibration, performs well in simulating the observed snow accumulation, and melt and subsequent snowmelt discharge. The Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency of daily discharge is above 0.82 for both resolutions. The simulation at 90‐m resolution shows a marginal improvement over that at 30‐m resolution because of more elaborate calibration of model parameters. The coupled CATHY/NoahMP also shows a capability of simulating surface‐inundated area and distributed surface water height, although the accuracy of these simulations needs further evaluation. The CATHY/NoahMP model is thus also a potentially useful research tool for predicting flash flood and lake dynamics under climatic change. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A global view of hepatitis C: Physician knowledge, opinions, and perceived barriers to care
Authors: McGowan Christopher E. , Monis Ali , Bacon Bruce R. , Mallolas Josep , Goncales Fernando L. , Goulis Ioannis , Poordad Fred , Afdhal Nezam , Zeuzem Stefan , Piratvisuth Teerha , Marcellin Patrick , Fried Michael W. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Chronic infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Although recent advances in antiviral therapy have led to significant improvements in treatment response rates, only a minority of infected patients are treated. Multiple barriers may impede the delivery of HCV therapy. The aim of this study was to identify perceived barriers to care, knowledge, and opinions among a global sample of HCV treatment providers. An international, multidisciplinary survey of HCV treatment providers was conducted. Each physician responded to a series of 214 questions concerning his or her practice characteristics, opinions regarding the state of HCV care, knowledge regarding HCV treatment, and perception of treatment barriers. A total of 697 physicians from 29 countries completed the survey. Overall, physicians viewed patient-level barriers as most significant, including fear of side effects and concerns regarding treatment duration and cost. There were distinct regional variations, with Central and Eastern European physicians citing government barriers as most important. In Latin America, the Middle East, and Africa, payer-level barriers, including lack of treatment coverage, were prominent. Overall, the perception of barriers was strongly associated with physician knowledge, experience, and region of origin, with the fewest barriers reported by Nordic physicians and the most reported by Middle Eastern and African physicians. Globally, physicians demonstrated deficits in basic treatment principles, including the role of viral kinetics and the management of treatment nonresponders. Two thirds of surveyed physicians believed that patients do not have adequate access to providers in their community.

Conclusion:

Barriers to HCV treatment vary globally, though patient-level factors are viewed as most significant by treating physicians. Efforts to improve awareness, education, and specialist availability are needed.
Maternal obesity programs offspring nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by innate immune dysfunction in mice
Authors: Mouralidarane Angelina , Soeda Junpei , Visconti-Pugmire Clara , Samuelsson Anne-Maj , Pombo Joaquim , Maragkoudaki Xanthi , Butt Adil , Saraswati Ruma , Novelli Marco , Fusai Guiseppe , Poston Lucilla , Taylor Paul D. , Oben Jude A. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

The global prevalence of obesity-induced liver disease (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; NAFLD) is rising. Suggested causes include a role for in utero influences of maternal obesity compounded by the availability of energy-dense foods throughout postnatal life. Using a physiologically relevant model, we investigated the role of the innate immune system in liver injury induced by maternal obesity followed by a postnatal obesogenic diet. Female C57BL/6J mice were fed a standard or obesogenic diet before and throughout pregnancy and during lactation. Female offspring were weaned onto a standard or obesogenic diet at 3 weeks postpartum. Biochemical and histological indicators of dysmetabolism, NAFLD and fibrosis, analysis of profibrotic pathways, liver innate immune cells, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were investigated at 3, 6, and 12 months. Female offspring exposed to a postweaning obesogenic diet (OffCon-OD) demonstrated evidence of liver injury, which was exacerbated by previous exposure to maternal obesity (OffOb-OD), as demonstrated by raised alanine aminotransferase, hepatic triglycerides, and hepatic expression of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, transforming growth factor beta, alpha smooth muscle actin, and collagen (P < 0.01). Histological evidence of hepatosteatosis and a more-robust NAFLD phenotype with hepatic fibrosis was observed at 12 months in OffOb-OD. A role for the innate immune system was indicated by increased Kupffer cell numbers with impaired phagocytic function and raised ROS synthesis (P < 0.01), together with reduced natural killer T cells and raised interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18. Conclusion: Maternal obesity in the context of a postnatal hypercalorific obesogenic diet aggressively programs offspring NAFLD associated with innate immune dysfunction, resulting in a comprehensive phenotype that accurately reflects the human disease. (HEPATOLOGY 2013)
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha deletion promotes diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rodents
Authors: Walesky Chad , Edwards Genea , Borude Prachi , Gunewardena Sumedha , O'Neil Maura , Yoo Byunggil , Apte Udayan 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α), the master regulator of hepatocyte differentiation, has been recently shown to inhibit hepatocyte proliferation by way of unknown mechanisms. We investigated the mechanisms of HNF4α-induced inhibition of hepatocyte proliferation using a novel tamoxifen (TAM)-inducible, hepatocyte-specific HNF4α knockdown mouse model. Hepatocyte-specific deletion of HNF4α in adult mice resulted in increased hepatocyte proliferation, with a significant increase in liver-to-body-weight ratio. We determined global gene expression changes using Illumina HiSeq-based RNA sequencing, which revealed that a significant number of up-regulated genes following deletion of HNF4α were associated with cancer pathogenesis, cell cycle control, and cell proliferation. The pathway analysis further revealed that c-Myc-regulated gene expression network was highly activated following HNF4α deletion. To determine whether deletion of HNF4α affects cancer pathogenesis, HNF4α knockdown was induced in mice treated with the known hepatic carcinogen diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Deletion of HNF4α significantly increased the number and size of DEN-induced hepatic tumors. Pathological analysis revealed that tumors in HNF4α-deleted mice were well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and mixed HCC-cholangiocarcinoma. Analysis of tumors and surrounding normal liver tissue in DEN-treated HNF4α knockout mice showed significant induction in c-Myc expression. Taken together, deletion of HNF4α in adult hepatocytes results in increased hepatocyte proliferation and promotion of DEN-induced hepatic tumors secondary to aberrant c-Myc activation.
Genome-wide microRNA and messenger RNA profiling in rodent liver development implicates mir302b and mir20a in repressing transforming growth factor-beta signaling
Authors: Wei Wei , Hou Juan , Alder Olivia , Ye Xin , Lee Sam , Cullum Rebecca , Chu Andy , Zhao Yongjun , Warner Stephanie M. , Knight Darryl A. , Yang Decheng , Jones Steven J.M. , Marra Marco A. , Hoodless Pamela A. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are recently discovered small RNA molecules that regulate developmental processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis; however, the identity of miRNAs and their functions during liver development are largely unknown. Here we investigated the miRNA and gene expression profiles for embryonic day (E)8.5 endoderm, E14.5 Dlk1+ liver cells (hepatoblasts), and adult liver by employing Illumina sequencing. We found that miRNAs were abundantly expressed at all three stages. Using K-means clustering analysis, 13 miRNA clusters with distinct temporal expression patterns were identified. mir302b, an endoderm-enriched miRNA, was identified as an miRNA whose predicted targets are expressed highly in E14.5 hepatoblasts but low in the endoderm. We validated the expression of mir302b in the endoderm by whole-mount

in situ

hybridization. Interestingly, mir20a, the most highly expressed miRNA in the endoderm library, was also predicted to regulate some of the same targets as mir302b. We found that through targeting

Tgfbr2

, mir302b and mir20a are able to regulate transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signal transduction. Moreover, mir302b can repress liver markers in an embryonic stem cell differentiation model. Collectively, we uncovered dynamic patterns of individual miRNAs during liver development, as well as miRNA networks that could be essential for the specification and differentiation of liver progenitors.
The ART of decision making: Retreatment with transarterial chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sieghart Wolfgang , Hucke Florian , Pinter Matthias , Graziadei Ivo , Vogel Wolfgang , Müller Christian , Heinzl Harald , Trauner Michael , Peck-Radosavljevic Markus 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

We aimed to establish an objective point score to guide the decision for retreatment with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In all, 222 patients diagnosed with HCC and treated with multiple TACE cycles between January 1999 and December 2009 at the Departments of Gastroenterology/Hepatology of the Medical Universities of Vienna (training cohort) and Innsbruck (validation cohort) were included. We investigated the effect of the first TACE on parameters of liver function and tumor response and their impact on overall survival (OS, log rank test) and developed a point score (ART score: Assessment for Retreatment with TACE) in the training cohort (n = 107, Vienna) by using a stepwise Cox regression model. The ART score was externally validated in an independent validation cohort (n = 115, Innsbruck). The increase of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) by >25% (hazard ratio [HR] 8.4;

P

< 0.001), an increase of Child-Pugh score of 1 (HR 2.0) or ≥2 points (HR 4.4) (

P

< 0.001) from baseline, and the absence of radiologic tumor response (HR 1.7;

P

= 0.026) remained independent negative prognostic factors for OS and were used to create the ART score. The ART score differentiated two groups (0-1.5 points; ≥2.5 points) with distinct prognosis (median OS: 23.7 versus 6.6 months;

P

< 0.001) and a higher ART score was associated with major adverse events after the second TACE (

P

= 0.011). These results were confirmed in the external validation cohort and remained significant irrespective of Child-Pugh stage and the presence of ascites prior the second TACE.

Conclusion:

An ART score of ≥2.5 prior the second TACE identifies patients with a dismal prognosis who may not profit from further TACE sessions.
Hepatocellular carcinoma-associated mesenchymal stem cells promote hepatocarcinoma progression: Role of the S100A4-miR155-SOCS1-MMP9 axis
Authors: Yan Xin-Long , Jia Ya-Li , Chen Lin , Zeng Quan , Zhou Jun-Nian , Fu Chun-Jiang , Chen Hai-Xu , Yuan Hong-Feng , Li Zhi-Wei , Shi Lei , Xu Ying-Chen , Wang Jing-Xue , Zhang Xiao-Mei , He Li-Juan , Zhai Chao , Yue Wen , Pei Xue-Tao 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Cancer-associated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a pivotal role in modulating tumor progression. However, the interactions between liver cancer-associated MSCs (LC-MSCs) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unreported. Here, we identified the presence of MSCs in HCC tissues. We also showed that LC-MSCs significantly enhanced tumor growth

in vivo

and promoted tumor sphere formation

in vitro

. LC-MSCs also promoted HCC metastasis in an orthotopic liver transplantation model. Complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray analysis showed that S100A4 expression was significantly higher in LC-MSCs compared with liver normal MSCs (LN-MSCs) from adjacent cancer-free tissues. Importantly, the inhibition of S100A4 led to a reduction of proliferation and invasion of HCC cells, while exogenous S100A4 expression in HCC cells resulted in heavier tumors and more metastasis sites. Our results indicate that S100A4 secreted from LC-MSCs can promote HCC cell proliferation and invasion. We then found the expression of oncogenic microRNA (miR)-155 in HCC cells was significantly up-regulated by coculture with LC-MSCs and by S100A4 ectopic overexpression. The invasion-promoting effects of S100A4 were significantly attenuated by a miR-155 inhibitor. These results suggest that S100A4 exerts its effects through the regulation of miR-155 expression in HCC cells. We demonstrate that S100A4 secreted from LC-MSCs promotes the expression of miR-155, which mediates the down-regulation of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1, leading to the subsequent activation of STAT3 signaling. This promotes the expression of matrix metalloproteinases 9, which results in increased tumor invasiveness.

Conclusion:

S100A4 secreted from LC-MSCs is involved in the modulation of HCC progression, and may be a potential therapeutic target.
Factors influencing reproductive success and litter size in captive island foxes
Authors: Calkins Elizabeth S. , Fuller Todd K. , Asa Cheryl S. , Sievert Paul R. , Coonan Timothy J. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA severe decline of island foxes (Urocyon littoralis) on the northern Channel Islands in the 1990s prompted the National Park Service to begin a captive breeding program to increase their numbers. Using detailed records of all the fox pairs (N = 267) that were part of the program on San Miguel, Santa Rosa, and Santa Cruz Islands from its inception in 2000 through 2007, we identified factors influencing the breeding success of pairs in captivity in the interest of formulating strategies that could increase captive productivity. We compiled a database of variables including litter size, reproductive success, distance to nearest occupied pen during the breeding season, subspecies, exposure, female age, male age, age difference, female and male origin (wild vs. captive born), same versus different origin, years paired, previous reproductive success by the pair, previous reproductive success by the female, mate aggression‐related injuries, male previous involvement in a pair with mate aggression, and female previous involvement in a pair with mate aggression. We used multiple linear regression to identify factors predictive of litter size, and logistic regression to predict the probability of reproductive success. A larger inter‐pen distance, older male age, less exposure, and a smaller intra‐pair age difference positively affected litter size. The probabilities of reproductive success increased with fewer years paired and less exposure. Comparatively, pairs with wild born females (vs. captive born females), and previously successful pairs (vs. previously unsuccessful and new pairs) were most likely to be successful. These results indicate that the optimal situation was to pair wild‐caught females with older males in sheltered pens that were as far from other pens as possible, to maintain successful pairs and repair unsuccessful ones. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
A decade of plant proteomics and mass spectrometry: Translation of technical advancements to food security and safety issues
Authors: Agrawal Ganesh Kumar , Sarkar Abhijit , Righetti Pier Giorgio , Pedreschi Romina , Carpentier Sebastien , Wang Tai , Barkla Bronwyn J. , Kohli Ajay , Ndimba Bongani Kaiser , Bykova Natalia V. , Rampitsch Christof , Zolla Lello , Rafudeen Mohamed Suhail , Cramer Rainer , Bindschedler Laurence Veronique , Tsakirpaloglou Nikolaos , Ndimba Roya Janeen , Farrant Jill M. , Renaut Jenny , Job Dominique , Kikuchi Shoshi , Rakwal Randeep 
Published: January 2013

AbstractTremendous progress in plant proteomics driven by mass spectrometry (MS) techniques has been made since 2000 when few proteomics reports were published and plant proteomics was in its infancy. These achievements include the refinement of existing techniques and the search for new techniques to address food security, safety, and health issues. It is projected that in 2050, the world's population will reach 9–12 billion people demanding a food production increase of 34–70% (FAO, 2009) from today's food production. Provision of food in a sustainable and environmentally committed manner for such a demand without threatening natural resources, requires that agricultural production increases significantly and that postharvest handling and food manufacturing systems become more efficient requiring lower energy expenditure, a decrease in postharvest losses, less waste generation and food with longer shelf life. There is also a need to look for alternative protein sources to animal based (i.e., plant based) to be able to fulfill the increase in protein demands by 2050. Thus, plant biology has a critical role to play as a science capable of addressing such challenges. In this review, we discuss proteomics especially MS, as a platform, being utilized in plant biology research for the past 10 years having the potential to expedite the process of understanding plant biology for human benefits. The increasing application of proteomics technologies in food security, analysis, and safety is emphasized in this review. But, we are aware that no unique approach/technology is capable to address the global food issues. Proteomics‐generated information/resources must be integrated and correlated with other omics‐based approaches, information, and conventional programs to ensure sufficient food and resources for human development now and in the future. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 32: 335–365, 2013.