bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac complications in childhood cancer survivors treated with anthracyclines
Authors: Franco Vivian I. , Lipshultz Steven E. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCardiovascular complications are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among survivors of childhood cancer, after cancer relapse and secondary malignancies. Although advances in cancer treatment have improved the 5-year survival rates, the same treatments, such as anthracyclines, that cure cancer also increase the risk for adverse cardiovascular effects. Anthracycline-related cardiotoxicity in survivors of childhood cancer is progressive and can take years to develop, initially presenting as sub-clinical cardiac abnormalities that, if left undetected or untreated, can lead to heart failure, myocardial infarction, or other clinical cardiac dysfunction. A higher cumulative dose of anthracycline is associated with cardiotoxicity in children; however, sub-clinical cardiac abnormalities are evident at lower doses with longer follow-up, suggesting that there is no “safe” dose of anthracycline. Other risk factors include female sex, younger age at diagnosis, black race, trisomy 21, longer time since treatment, and the presence of pre-existing cardiovascular disease and co-morbidities. Cardioprotective strategies during treatment are limited in children. Enalapril provides only temporary cardioprotection, whereas continuous anthracycline infusion extends none. On the other hand, dexrazoxane successfully prevents or reduces anthracycline-related cardiotoxicity in children with cancer, without increased risks for recurrence of primary or second malignancies or reductions in anti-tumour efficacy. With more childhood cancer survivors now reaching adulthood, it is vital to understand the adverse effects of cancer treatment on the cardiovascular system and their long-term consequences to identify and establish optimal prevention and management strategies that balance oncologic efficacy with long-term safety.
Emerging science in paediatric heart transplantation: donor allocation, biomarkers, and the quest for evidence-based medicine
Authors: Daly Kevin P. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractHeart transplantation offers excellent survival benefit to children with end-stage heart failure. With its success, the number of potential recipients continues to exceed the number of available donors. Developing strategies to safely increase donor utilisation is crucial to decreasing wait-list mortality. A new paediatric heart allocation policy is set to be implemented with the goal of prioritising the most urgent listed candidates. Owing to excellent outcomes of ABO-incompatible heart transplantation, the sickest infants will soon receive priority for heart offers irrespective of blood group. Allosensitisation poses unique challenges within the paediatric population; ongoing multi-centre studies are poised to refine our understanding of key risk factors and optimal treatment strategies. Biomarkers for acute cellular rejection, such as donor-specific cell-free DNA, and cardiac allograft vasculopathy, such as VEGF-A, may lead to a decreased need for invasive screening. Ultimately, well-designed and executed randomised control trials of post-transplant immunosuppression are required to improve long-term outcomes after paediatric heart transplantation.
More lessons learned from the Pediatric Heart Transplant Study
Authors: Law Yuk M. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPaediatric heart transplantation has evolved over the last 3 decades. The research group, Pediatric Heart Transplant Study, has been in step with that evolution over the nearly 20 years of its existence by utilising its registry to contribute a wealth of clinical research to the field. The highlights of its studies will be presented in this review.
Summary of the 2015 International Paediatric Heart Failure Summit of Johns Hopkins All Children’s Heart Institute
Authors: Jacobs Jeffrey P. , Quintessenza James A. , Karl Tom R. , Asante-Korang Alfred , Everett Allen D. , Collins Susan B. , Ramirez-Correa Genaro A. , Burns Kristin M. , Cohen Mitchell , Colan Steven D. , Costello John M. , Daly Kevin P. , Franklin Rodney C. G. , Fraser Charles D. , Hill Kevin D. , Huhta James C. , Kaushal Sunjay , Law Yuk M. , Lipshultz Steven E. , Murphy Anne M. , Pasquali Sara K. , Payne Mark R. , Rossano Joseph , Shirali Girish , Ware Stephanie M. , Xu Mingguo , Jacobs Marshall L. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn the United States alone, ∼14,000 children are hospitalised annually with acute heart failure. The science and art of caring for these patients continues to evolve. The International Pediatric Heart Failure Summit of Johns Hopkins All Children’s Heart Institute was held on February 4 and 5, 2015. The 2015 International Pediatric Heart Failure Summit of Johns Hopkins All Children’s Heart Institute was funded through the Andrews/Daicoff Cardiovascular Program Endowment, a philanthropic collaboration between All Children’s Hospital and the Morsani College of Medicine at the University of South Florida (USF). Sponsored by All Children’s Hospital Andrews/Daicoff Cardiovascular Program, the International Pediatric Heart Failure Summit assembled leaders in clinical and scientific disciplines related to paediatric heart failure and created a multi-disciplinary “think-tank”. The purpose of this manuscript is to summarise the lessons from the 2015 International Pediatric Heart Failure Summit of Johns Hopkins All Children’s Heart Institute, to describe the “state of the art” of the treatment of paediatric cardiac failure, and to discuss future directions for research in the domain of paediatric cardiac failure.
Decision-Making and Prepotent Response Inhibition Functions in Excessive Internet Users
Authors: Sun De-Lin , Chen Zu-Ji , Ma Ning , Zhang Xiao-Chu , Fu Xian-Ming , Zhang Da-Ren 
Published: September 2015

Introduction: Excessive Internet use (EIU), also described as Internet addiction or pathological Internet use, has already become a serious social problem around the world. Some researchers consider EIU as a kind of behavioral addiction. However, there are few experimental studies on the cognitive functions of excessive Internet users (EIUers) and limited data are available to compare EIU with other addictive behaviors, such as drug abuse and pathological gambling.Methods: In this study, we examined EIUers' functions of decision-making and prepotent response inhibition. Two groups of participants, EIUers and controls, were compared on these two functions by using a Gambling Task and a Go/no-go Task, respectively.Results: Compared with controls, EIUers selected significantly less net decks in the Gambling Task (P =.007). Furthermore, the EIUers made progress in selecting strategy, but more slowly than did the control group (EIUers, chunk 3 > chunk 1, P<.001; controls, chunk 2 > chunk P<.001; controls, chunk 2 > chunk 1, P<.001). Interestingly, EIUers' accuracy during the no-go condition was significantly higher than that of controls (P=.018).Conclusion: These results showed some similarities and dissimilarities between EIU and other addictive behaviors such as drug abuse and pathological gambling. The findings from the Gambling Task indicated that EIUers have deficits in decision-making function, which are characterized by a strategy learning lag rather than an inability to learn from task contingencies. EIUers' better performance in the Go/no-go Task suggested some dissociation between mechanisms of decision-making and those of prepotent response inhibition. However, EIUers could hardly suppress their excessive online behaviors in real life. Their ability of inhibition still needs to be further studied with more specific assessments.
BAC transgenic mice provide evidence that p53 expression is highly regulated in vivo
Authors: Chen L , Zhang G X , Zhou Y , Zhang C X , Xie Y Y , Xiang C , He X Y , Zhang Q , Liu G 
Published: September 2015

Abstractp53 is an important tumor suppressor and stress response mediator. Proper control of p53 level and activity is tightly associated with its function. Posttranslational modifications and the interactions with Mdm2 and Mdm4 are major mechanisms controlling p53 activity and stability. As p53 protein is short-lived and hardly detectable in unstressed situations, less is known on its basal level expression and the corresponding controlling mechanisms in vivo. In addition, it also remains obscure how p53 expression might contribute to its functional regulation. In this study, we established bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic E.coli β-galactosidase Z gene reporter mice to monitor p53 expression in mouse tissues and identify important regulatory elements critical for the expression in vivo. We revealed preferentially high level of p53 reporter expressions in the proliferating, but not the differentiated compartments of the majority of tissues during development and tissue homeostasis. In addition, tumors as well as regenerating tissues in the p53 reporter mice also expressed high level of β-gal. Furthermore, both the enhancer box sequence (CANNTG) in the p53 promoter and the 3′ terminal untranslated region element were critical in mediating the high-level expression of the reporter. We also provided evidence that cellular myelocytomatosis oncogene was a critical player regulating p53 mRNA expression in proliferating cells and tissues. Finally, we found robust p53 activation preferentially in the proliferating compartment of mouse tissues upon DNA damage and the proliferating cells exhibited an enhanced p53 response as compared with cells in a quiescent state. Together, these results suggested a highly regulated expression pattern of p53 in the proliferating compartment controlled by both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms, and such regulated p53 expression may impose functional significance upon stress by setting up a precautionary mode in defense of cellular transformation and tumorigenesis.
An association analysis of HLA-DQB1 with narcolepsy without cataplexy and idiopathic hypersomnia with/without long sleep time in a Japanese population
Authors: Miyagawa Taku , Toyoda Hiromi , Kanbayashi Takashi , Imanishi Aya , Sagawa Yohei , Kotorii Nozomu , Kotorii Tatayu , Hashizume Yuji , Ogi Kimihiro , Hiejima Hiroshi , Kamei Yuichi , Hida Akiko , Miyamoto Masayuki , Ikegami Azusa , Wada Yamato , Takami Masanori , Fujimura Yota , Tamura Yoshiyuki , Omata Naoto , Masuya Yasuhiro , Kondo Hideaki , Moriya Shunpei , Furuya Hirokazu , Kato Mitsuhiro , Kojima Hiroto , Kashiwase Koichi , Saji Hiroh , Khor Seik-Soon , Yamasaki Maria , Ishigooka Jun , Wada Yuji , Chiba Shigeru , Yamada Naoto , Okawa Masako , Kuroda Kenji , Kume Kazuhiko , Hirata Koichi , Uchimura Naohisa , Shimizu Tetsuo , Inoue Yuichi , Honda Yutaka , Mishima Kazuo , Honda Makoto , Tokunaga Katsushi 
Published: September 2015

AbstractNarcolepsy without cataplexy (NA w/o CA) (narcolepsy type 2) is a lifelong disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep abnormalities, but no cataplexy. In the present study, we examined the human leukocyte antigen HLA-DQB1 in 160 Japanese patients with NA w/o CA and 1,418 control subjects. Frequencies of DQB1*06:02 were significantly higher in patients with NA w/o CA compared with controls (allele frequency: 16.6 vs. 7.8%, P=1.1×10−7, odds ratio (OR)=2.36; carrier frequency: 31.3 vs. 14.7%, P=7.6×10−8, OR=2.64). Distributions of HLA-DQB1 alleles other than DQB1*06:02 were compared between NA w/o CA and narcolepsy with cataplexy (NA-CA) to assess whether the genetic backgrounds of the two diseases have similarities. The distribution of the HLA-DQB1 alleles in DQB1*06:02-negative NA w/o CA was significantly different from that in NA-CA (P=5.8×10−7). On the other hand, the patterns of the HLA-DQB1 alleles were similar between DQB1*06:02-positive NA w/o CA and NA-CA. HLA-DQB1 analysis was also performed in 186 Japanese patients with idiopathic hypersomnia (IHS) with/without long sleep time, but no significant associations were observed.
miRNA let-7 expression is regulated by glucose and TNF-α by a remote upstream promoter
Authors: Katayama Mutsumi , Sjögren Rasmus J.O. , Egan Brendan , Krook Anna 
Published: September 2015

miRNAs regulate protein abundance and control diverse aspects of cellular processes and biological functions in metabolic diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Let (lethal)-7 miRNAs specifically targets genes associated with T2D and have been implicated in the regulation of peripheral glucose metabolism, yet the direct regulators of let-7 miRNA expression are unknown. In the present study, we report on a putative promoter region for the let-7a-1, let-7f-1 and let-7d gene cluster on chromosome 9 and characterize the promoter activity of this novel area. We show that promoter activity and let-7 miRNA expression is dynamically regulated in response to different factors including serum, glucose, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and caffeine. These findings will contribute to understanding the interaction between precise promoter elements to control the transcription and translation of let-7 miRNA genes.
CMOS ultrasonic analogue front‐end with reconfigurable pulser/switch for medical imaging applications
Authors: Cha H.‐K. 
Published: September 2015

A highly integrated bidirectional analogue front‐end (AFE) circuit for interfacing capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducer in medical imaging systems is presented. The proposed AFE features a reconfigurable high‐voltage (HV) pulser which generates over 15 V pulses at 2.6 MHz in the transmit mode and also operates as an HV isolation switch for the receive path circuits, thereby saving significant silicon area. The AFE also includes a low‐power low‐noise preamplifier which achieves 103 dBΩ transimpedance gain at 2.6 and 5 MHz bandwidth while operating at 1.65 V supply voltage. The AFE integrated circuit (IC) is implemented using 0.18 µm standard CMOS process and the total area of the single‐channel core is 0.052 mm2 which is more than 65% of size reduction in comparison to previous work.
MEMS‐based tunable meander inductor
Authors: Khan F. , Zhu Y. , Lu J. , Pal J. 
Published: September 2015

A novel MEMS‐based tunable meander inductor is reported. The inductor is fabricated using a single metal layer in a low‐cost commercially available Metal‐MUMPs™ process. The mutual inductance of the meander inductor is tuned by changing the gaps between the meander turns using a chevron‐type thermal actuator. An air trench underneath the inductor has been made to reduce the loss in the silicon substrate and improve quality factor (Q‐factor). Tuning range of ∼50.8% and maximum Q‐factor of 8.17 have been achieved at 5.79 GHz by stretching the meander inductor for 22 µm. The total footprint of the device is 0.58 mm2.
Three‐phase probabilistic load flow in radial and meshed distribution networks
Authors: Melhorn Alexander C. , Dimitrovski Aleksandar 
Published: September 2015

With the introduction of higher levels of renewables and demand response programs, traditional deterministic power system tools fall short of expectations. Probabilistic load flow (PLF) takes into account the inconsistency or the unknown loads, and generation in the fundamental load flow analysis. This study proposes a PLF solution for both balanced and unbalanced, radial and weakly meshed networks without explicitly using the Y‐bus matrix. It allows for discrete probability density functions as input variables without having to assume a predefined distribution. The nodal voltages and the power flows can be calculated independently from one another. The proposed method is applied to the IEEE 123 Node Test Feeder and the IEEE 13 Node Test Feeder in both its original radial configuration and a modified mesh configuration, including a load replaced with a wind turbine. The results are validated by comparison of the proposed method's solutions to those obtained using cumulants and Monte Carlo simulation. The proposed PLF method provides an accurate and practical way for finding the solution to stochastic problems occurring in power distribution systems allowing for real‐system data to be analysed.
Improved human respiration detection method via ultra‐wideband radar in through‐wall or other similar conditions
Authors: Wu Shiyou , Tan Kai , Xia Zhenghuan , Chen Jie , Meng Shengwei , Guangyou Fang 
Published: September 2015

In this study, a quasi‐real‐time human respiration detection method with prominent signal‐to‐noise‐and‐clutter ratio (SNCR) improvement is proposed to increase performance of ultra‐wideband rescue radar under the low SNCR conditions such as through‐wall or other similar conditions. Three main steps of the proposed method are designed for the purpose of effectively removing stationary clutter, suppressing non‐stationary interference from other moving subject and improving the contrast between respiration response and clutter. Meanwhile, the proposed method satisfies the requirement of quasi‐real time as its time cost implemented in MATLAB is only 2 s. Experiments are carried out in through‐wall/floors/artificial‐ruin conditions, and results show that the proposed method outperforms the previously proposed method, and it can be a good choice for human respiration detection in complex scenarios due to the prominent SNCR improvement.
Optimization of dose of collagen hydrolysate to prevent UVB-irradiated skin damage
Authors: Jimbo Nozomi , Kawada Chinatsu , Nomura Yoshihiro 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Collagen hydrolysate (CH) was orally administered to UVB-irradiated hairless mice at doses of 20, 200–2000 mg/kg BW/day. The low dose of CH increased the skin hydration and reduced the transepidermal water loss on damaged skin. These results suggested the optimal dose of collagen to improve the UV-damaged skin condition.
Geodetic model of the 2015 April 25 Mw 7.8 Gorkha Nepal Earthquake and Mw 7.3 aftershock estimated from InSAR and GPS data
Authors: Feng Guangcai , Li Zhiwei , Shan Xinjian , Zhang Lei , Zhang Guohong , Zhu Jianjun 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
We map the complete surface deformation of 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha Nepal earthquake and its Mw 7.3 aftershock with two parallel ALOS2 descending ScanSAR paths’ and two ascending Stripmap paths’ images. The coseismic fault-slip model from a combined inversion of InSAR and GPS data reveals that this event is a reverse fault motion, with a slight right-lateral strike-slip component. The maximum thrust-slip and right-lateral strike-slip values are 5.7 and 1.2 m, respectively, located at a depth of 7–15 km, southeast to the epicentre. The total seismic moment 7.55 × 1020 Nm, corresponding to a moment magnitude Mw 7.89, is similar to the seismological estimates. Fault slips of both the main shock and the largest aftershock are absent from the upper thrust shallower than 7 km, indicating that there is a locking lower edge of Himalayan Main Frontal Thrust and future seismic disaster is not unexpected in this area. We also find that the energy released in this earthquake is much less than the accumulated moment deficit over the past seven centuries estimated in previous studies, so the region surrounding Kathmandu is still under the threaten of seismic hazards.
Pain and Depressive Symptoms in Primary Care
Authors: Hirsch Jameson K. , Sirois Fuschia M. , Molnar Danielle , Chang Edward C. 
Published: September 2015

Objectives:
Pain and its disruptive impact on daily life are common reasons that patients seek primary medical care. Pain contributes strongly to psychopathology, and pain and depressive symptoms are often comorbid in primary care patients. Not all those who experience pain develop depression, suggesting that the presence of individual-level characteristics, such as positive and negative affect, that may ameliorate or exacerbate this association.

Methods:
We assessed the potential moderating role of positive and negative affect on the pain-depression linkage. In a sample of 101 rural, primary care patients, we administered the Brief Pain Inventory, NEO Personality Inventory-Revised positive and negative affect subclusters, and the Center for Epidemiology Scale for Depression.

Results:
In moderation models, covarying age, sex, and ethnicity, we found that positive affect, but not negative affect, was a significant moderator of the relation between pain intensity and severity and depressive symptoms.

Discussion:
The association between pain and depressive symptoms is attenuated when greater levels of positive affects are present. Therapeutic bolstering of positive affect in primary care patients experiencing pain may reduce the risk for depressive symptoms.
Chronic Widespread Back Pain is Distinct From Chronic Local Back Pain
Authors: Gerhardt Andreas , Eich Wolfgang , Janke Susanne , Leisner Sabine , Treede Rolf-Detlef , Tesarz Jonas 
Published: September 2015

Objectives:
Whether chronic localized pain (CLP) and chronic widespread pain (CWP) have different mechanisms or to what extent they overlap in their pathophysiology is controversial. The study compared quantitative sensory testing profiles of nonspecific chronic back pain patients with CLP (n=48) and CWP (n=29) with and fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) patients (n=90) and pain-free controls (n = 40).

Materials and Methods:
The quantitative sensory testing protocol of the “German-Research-Network-on-Neuropathic-Pain” was used to measure evoked pain on the painful area in the lower back and the pain-free hand (thermal and mechanical detection and pain thresholds, vibration threshold, pain sensitivity to sharp and blunt mechanical stimuli). Ongoing pain and psychometrics were captured with pain drawings and questionnaires.

Results:
CLP patients did not differ from pain-free controls, except for lower pressure pain threshold (PPT) on the back. CWP and FMS patients showed lower heat pain threshold and higher wind-up ratio on the back and lower heat pain threshold and cold pain threshold on the hand. FMS showed lower PPT on back and hand, and higher comorbidity of anxiety and depression and more functional impairment than all other groups.

Discussion:
Even after long duration CLP presents with a local hypersensitivity for PPT, suggesting a somatotopically specific sensitization of nociceptive processing. However, CWP patients show widespread ongoing pain and hyperalgesia for different stimuli that is generalized in space, suggesting the involvement of descending control systems, as also suggested for FMS patients. Because mechanisms in nonspecific chronic back pain with CLP and CWP differ, these patients should be distinguished in future research and allocated to different treatments.