bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ils ne pensent qu’à ça… De l’intérêt de la restructuration cognitive en groupe, des addicts sexuels
Authors: Grall-Bronnec M. 
Published: November 2014

Définir l’addiction sexuelle n’est pas chose aisée. À ce jour, il n’existe pas de définition consensuelle du trouble, et de l’hyperesthésie sexuelle à la sexualité addictive, en passant par la sexualité compulsive, impulsive ou encore excessive, les cadres nosographiques se chevauchent sans toutefois se superposer parfaitement. Peut-être faut-il simplement se référer alors aux critères proposés par Goodman ? Et retenir que deux symptômes-clés sont présents : la perte de contrôle sur le comportement sexuel et la poursuite de ce comportement en dépit des conséquences négatives. Comment expliquer que le trouble se maintienne dans le temps, alors que le comportement sexuel addictif n’apporte finalement plus beaucoup de plaisir ou ne soulage plus complètement les émotions négatives ? Probablement parce qu’un certain nombre de représentations, de fausses croyances, de schémas cognitifs dysfonctionnels, profondément ancrés dans le fonctionnement psychique, l’entretiennent. Tout l’enjeu de la prise ne charge est donc de parvenir à atténuer la souffrance du sujet, en modifiant le comportement pathologique et en restructurant les pensées erronées. Une thérapie cognitivo-comportementale en groupe est proposé dans le service d’addictologie du CHU de Nantes à tous les patients souffrant d’addiction sexuelle. Outre des outils très classiques dans le champ de l’addictologie, la restructuration cognitive portant sur les représentations de soi, du partenaire et de la sexualité est au cœur de la prise en charge. Après 10 séances de thérapie, l’évaluation des patients indique une évolution positive, tant sur le comportement que sur les pensées. Nous présenterons les résultats de cette évaluation.
L’alcool : quoi de neuf en 2014
Authors: Thibaut F. 
Published: November 2014

Près de 80 millions de personnes abusent de l’alcool ou en sont dépendants dans le monde, il s’agit donc d’une préoccupation majeure de santé publique. L’alcoolo-dépendance est une maladie complexe, très hétérogène, dans laquelle sont intriqués des facteurs de risque personnels dont des facteurs génétiques et des facteurs environnementaux. Cette grande hétérogénéité clinique complique les approches thérapeutiques. Y. Le Strat fera le point sur les aspects cliniques de la consommation d’alcool à la lumière des classifications récentes. Le développement de la pharmacologie dans ce domaine a initialement porté sur la prévention ou le traitement du syndrome de sevrage à l’alcool puis sur la réduction de la consommation et du craving, la prévention des rechutes et la prise en charge des troubles psychiatriques associés. Certains pays, dont l’Allemagne, continuent à préconiser l’abstinence complète, d’autres insistent davantage sur la réduction de la consommation et sur des objectifs de soins partagés avec le patient sur cette réduction. Une meilleure connaissance des mécanismes neurobiologiques impliqués dans la dépendance à l’alcool devrait permettre de développer dans un futur proche des thérapeutiques plus ciblées, ce sujet sera développé par M. Hamon. D’ores et déjà, le baclofène a permis de traiter certains patients dépendants, les premiers résultats de l’étude randomisée multicentrique mise en place par les médecins généralistes seront présentés par Ph Jaury (coordonnateur national de l’étude).
Bases neurobiologiques des traitements de l’alcoolo-dépendance – Quelles perspectives ?
Authors: Hamon M. 
Published: November 2014

Contrairement aux autres produits addictogènes qui agissent via des cibles spécifiques (récepteurs opiacés pour l’héroïne, récepteur cannabinoïde CB1 pour le cannabis, récepteurs nicotiniques pour le tabac, transporteurs des monoamines pour la cocaïne), l’alcool ne se fixe pas sur une cible en particulier, mais intervient à de multiples niveaux, enzymatiques, réceptoriels, etc., dans le cerveau. Certes, comme celle des autres produits addictogènes, la prise d’alcool entraîne une activation du système de récompense (reward system), et donc la libération de dopamine au niveau des projections de la voie méso-cortico-limbique, mais elle provoque aussi une facilitation de la neurotransmission GABAergique inhibitrice et, au contraire, une diminution de la neurotransmisision glutamatergique excitatrice, via des modulations allostériques des récepteurs impliqués (GABA A d’une part, NMDA d’autre part). La répétition de ces actions du fait de la prise répétée d’éthanol déclenche des processus adaptatifs de telle sorte que l’efficacité de la neurotransmission GABAergique diminue progressivement au profit d’une facilitation de la neurotransmission glutamatergique, conduisant à une hyperexcitabilité neuronale, caractéristique de l’alcoolo-dépendance. Si le dysfonctionnement cérébral qui en résulte est bien en cause dans le syndrôme de manque, dès lors son inversion par des agents facilitateurs du GABA ou inhibiteurs du glutamate pourrait ouvrir la voie à des traitements réellement efficaces de l’alcoolo-dépendance. De fait, le baclofène et le gamma-hydroxy-butyrate, en activant directement les récepteurs GABA B, voire des modulateurs allostériques positifs de ces récepteurs, ont d’ores et déjà fait la preuve de leur capacité à réduire l’alcoolo-dépendance [1]. Par ailleurs, des antagonistes des récepteurs NMDA et des modulateurs inhibiteurs de la neurotransmission glutamatergique (dont l’acamprosate) sont également efficaces [2]. Enfin, d’autres composés qui conduisent aussi à une diminution de l’hyperexcitabilité neuronale, mais en bloquant des canaux calciques voltage-dépendants comme la gabapentine et la prégabaline, pourraient renouveler l’arsenal pharmacologique du traitement de l’alcoolo-dépendance [3].
Risk factors for adverse fetal outcomes among women with early‐ versus late‐onset intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
Authors: Jin Jin , Pan Shi‐lei , Huang Li‐ping , Yu Yan‐hong , Zhong Mei , Zhang Guo‐wei 
Published: November 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo determine risk factors for adverse fetal outcomes (AFOs) among women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) on the basis of time of onset.MethodsIn a retrospective analysis, data were obtained for all women with ICP admitted to two centers in Guangzhou, China, between February 1, 1993, and January 31, 2014. Patients were divided into group A (early‐onset ICP) and group B (late‐onset ICP), and were further divided on the basis of severity. The frequency of AFOs was assessed.ResultsAmong 371 eligible women, 57 (15.4%) were in group A and 314 (84.6%) in group B. AFOs affected 20 (35.1%) women in group A and 67 (21.3%) in group B (P = 0.024), and 12 (54.5%) of 22 women in group A and 21 (29.6%) of 71 in group B with severe ICP (P = 0.032). Independent risk factors for AFO in group A were increased levels of serum bile acid (P = 0.016) and alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.004). Independent risk factors in group B were increased levels of alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.001) and gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase (P = 0.001).ConclusionEarly‐onset ICP is associated with a higher frequency of AFO than is late‐onset ICP, especially in severe disease. The risk factors differ between early‐onset and late‐onset ICP.
High‐resolution anoscopy in women with cervical neoplasia
Authors: Heráclio Sandra A. , Schettini Juliana , Oliveira Micheline L. , Souza Alex Sandro R. , Souza Paulo Roberto E. , Amorim Melania Maria R. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo describe high‐resolution anoscopy (HRA) findings and compare them with histopathology results.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional, observational study performed between December 2008 and December 2009, women receiving care at a center in Recife, Brazil, after a histopathologic diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or cervical cancer were screened for anal neoplasia by HRA. Patients with anal lesions were divided into groups A (metaplasia and/or human papillomavirus infection) and B (anal intraepithelial neoplasia [AIN]). Patients with squamous cell atypia in group A and all patients in group B underwent histopathologic analysis. Agreement between HRA and histopathology findings was estimated for group B.ResultsHRA was done in 324 women, 204 (63.0%) of whom had anal lesions. Overall, 169 cases (82.8%) were classified as group A and 35 (17.2%) as group B. Histopathologic data were obtained for 28 of the 35 group B cases. Histopathology was suggestive of AIN in 19 (67.9%), resulting in a κ coefficient of 0.45 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.26–0.65; P < 0.001). Relative to histopathology, HRA had sensitivity of 57.6% (95% CI 40.8%–72.7%), specificity of 86.1% (95% CI 75.7%–92.5%), positive likelihood ratio of 4.1 (95% CI 3.1–5.5), negative likelihood ratio of 0.5 (95% CI 0.4–0.5), and accuracy of 76.5% (95% CI 67.2%–83.8%).ConclusionHRA findings can be systematized, reducing the subjectivity of interpretation.
Two-dimensional nonlinear travelling waves in magnetohydrodynamic channel flow
Authors: Hagan Jonathan , Priede Jānis 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis study is concerned with the stability of a flow of viscous conducting liquid driven by a pressure gradient in the channel between two parallel walls subject to a transverse magnetic field. Although the magnetic field has a strong stabilizing effect, this flow, similarly to its hydrodynamic counterpart – plane Poiseuille flow – is known to become turbulent significantly below the threshold predicted by linear stability theory. We investigate the effect of the magnetic field on two-dimensional nonlinear travelling-wave states which are found at substantially subcritical Reynolds numbers starting from $\mathit{Re}_{n}=2939$ without the magnetic field and from $\mathit{Re}_{n}\sim 6.50\times 10^{3}\mathit{Ha}$ in a sufficiently strong magnetic field defined by the Hartmann number $\mathit{Ha}$. Although the latter value is a factor of seven lower than the linear stability threshold $\mathit{Re}_{l}\sim 4.83\times 10^{4}\mathit{Ha}$, it is still more than an order of magnitude higher than the experimentally observed value for the onset of turbulence in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) channel flow.
DETERMINING ASCHBACHER CLASSES USING CHARACTERS
Authors: JAMBOR SEBASTIAN 
Published: November 2014

Let ${\rm\Delta}:G\rightarrow \text{GL}(n,K)$ be an absolutely irreducible representation of an arbitrary group $G$ over an arbitrary field $K$; let ${\it\chi}:G\rightarrow K:g\mapsto \text{tr}({\rm\Delta}(g))$ be its character. In this paper, we assume knowledge of ${\it\chi}$ only, and study which properties of ${\rm\Delta}$ can be inferred. We prove criteria to decide whether ${\rm\Delta}$ preserves a form, is realizable over a subfield, or acts imprimitively on $K^{n\times 1}$. If $K$ is finite, we can decide whether the image of ${\rm\Delta}$ belongs to certain Aschbacher classes.
The Dissociation of Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) and Bithermal Caloric Test Results Provide Topological Localization of Vestibular System Impairment in Patients With “Definite” Ménière's Disease
Authors: McCaslin Devin L. , Rivas Alejandro , Jacobson Gary P. , Bennett Marc L. 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
We report 3 patients with Ménière's disease and describe how the combination of audiometry, video head impulse testing, and caloric results may prove helpful in the diagnosis of Ménière's disease.

Method
Three patients with “definite” Ménière's disease were evaluated in a tertiary care medical center. Each patient underwent videonystagmography, horizontal canal video head impulse testing, and audiometry.

Results
All 3 patients demonstrated moderate, flat, sensorineural hearing losses; significant caloric asymmetries; and bilaterally normal video head impulse testing. This pattern of findings suggests differential preservation of high-frequency function (video head impulse testing) with impairment of low-frequency function (unilaterally abnormal caloric test results) in these patients.

Conclusion
Ipsilesional abnormal caloric testing in the presence of normal video head impulse testing is a pattern of findings observed in a cohort of patients who have “definite” Ménière's disease.
Monolingual or Bilingual Intervention for Primary Language Impairment? A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Thordardottir Elin , Cloutier Geneviève , Ménard Suzanne , Pelland-Blais Elaine , Rvachew Susan 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
This study investigated the clinical effectiveness of monolingual versus bilingual language intervention, the latter involving speech-language pathologist–parent collaboration. The study focuses on methods that are currently being recommended and that are feasible within current clinical contexts.

Method

Bilingual children with primary language impairment who speak a minority language as their home language and French as their second (
n
= 29, mean age = 5 years) were randomly assigned to monolingual treatment, bilingual treatment, and no-treatment (delayed-treatment) conditions. Sixteen sessions of individual language intervention were offered, targeting vocabulary and syntactic skills in French only or bilingually, through parent collaboration during the clinical sessions. Language evaluations were conducted before and after treatment by blinded examiners; these evaluations targeted French as well as the home languages. An additional evaluation was conducted 2 months after completion of treatment to assess maintenance of gains. Both monolingual and bilingual treatment followed a focused stimulation approach.

Results
Results in French showed a significant treatment effect for vocabulary but no difference between treatment conditions. Gains were made in syntax, but these gains could not be attributed to treatment given that treatment groups did not improve more than the control group. Home language probes did not suggest that the therapy had resulted in gains in the home language.

Conclusions
The intervention used in this study is in line with current recommendations of major speech-language pathology organizations. However, the findings indicate that the bilingual treatment created through collaboration with parents was not effective in creating a sufficiently intense bilingual context to make it significantly different from the monolingual treatment. Further studies are needed to assess the gains associated with clinical modifications made for bilingual children and to search for effective ways to accommodate their unique needs.
Can Children Substitute for Adult Listeners in Judging the Intelligibility of the Speech of Children Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing?
Authors: Kloiber Diana True , Ertmer David J. 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
Assessments of the intelligibility of speech produced by children who are deaf or hard of hearing (D/HH) provide unique insights into functional speaking ability, readiness for mainstream classroom placements, and intervention effectiveness. The development of sentence lists for a wide age range of children and the advent of handheld digital recording devices have overcome two barriers to routine use of this tool. Yet, difficulties in recruiting adequate numbers of adults to judge speech samples continue to make routine assessment impractical. In response to this barrier, it has been proposed that children who are 9 years or older might be adequate substitutes for adult listener-judges (Ertmer, 2011).

Method
To examine this possibility, 22 children from the 3rd, 4th, and 5th grades identified words from speech samples previously judged by adults.

Results
Children in the 3rd and 4th grades identified fewer words than adults, whereas scores for 5th graders were not significantly different from those of the adults. All grade levels showed increasing scores across low, mid, and high levels of intelligibility.

Conclusions
Children who are functioning at a 5th grade level or higher can act as listener-judges in speech intelligibility assessments. Suggestions for implementing assessments and scoring child-listeners' written responses are discussed.
Interference-mediated synaptonemal complex formation with embedded crossover designation
Authors: Zhang Liangran , Espagne Eric , de Muyt Arnaud , Zickler Denise , Kleckner Nancy E. 
Published: November 2014

Significance
Spatial patterns occur in biological and nonbiological systems. A paradigmatic example occurs during meiosis. As shown a century ago, crossover recombination events occur at different positions in different meiotic nuclei; nonetheless, occurrence of a cross-over at one position decreases the probability that another will occur nearby. As a result, crossovers tend to be evenly spaced. This study suggests that this classical cross-over interference is part of a broader program that concomitantly specifies even spacing of nucleation sites for formation of synaptonemal complex, a prominent meiotic chromosome structure. A model emerges for how the observed patterns could occur. This model provides an explanation for the formation of complex, multilayered patterns that is generally applicable to biological and nonbiological systems.
BioUncertainty
Authors: Bongelli Ramona , Riccioni Ilaria , Canestrari Carla , Pietrobon Ricardo , Zuczkowski Andrzej 
Published: November 2014

The communication of the uncertainty of a scientific finding largely determines whether that information will be translated to practice. Unfortunately, however, our ability to study these phenomena is restrained since existing uncertainty corpora are limited in their number of full text articles and in their provision of a historical perspective. We describe a historical corpus evaluating uncertainty markers through a random sample of 167 years (1840–2007) of articles published in the British Medical Journal. Randomization was stratified from four distinct time periods, namely 1840–1880, 1881–1920, 1921–1960, and 1961–2007. Each full-text article was tagged by a group of analysts associated with a physician. We describe extensive data on the distribution of each of these linguistic markers. Contrary to our initial hypothesis, the rates of uncertainty markers have remained surprisingly stable over the period studied in this project, except for the modal verbs in the simple present, which occur with a minor frequency in the first time period compared to the other three.
Joint amalgamation of most parsimonious reconciled gene trees
Authors: Scornavacca Celine , Jacox Edwin , Szöllősi Gergely J. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Motivation: Traditionally, gene phylogenies have been reconstructed solely on the basis of molecular sequences; this, however, often does not provide enough information to distinguish between statistically equivalent relationships. To address this problem, several recent methods have incorporated information on the species phylogeny in gene tree reconstruction, leading to dramatic improvements in accuracy. Although probabilistic methods are able to estimate all model parameters but are computationally expensive, parsimony methods—generally computationally more efficient—require a prior estimate of parameters and of the statistical support.
Results: Here, we present the Tree Estimation using Reconciliation (TERA) algorithm, a parsimony based, species tree aware method for gene tree reconstruction based on a scoring scheme combining duplication, transfer and loss costs with an estimate of the sequence likelihood. TERA explores all reconciled gene trees that can be amalgamated from a sample of gene trees. Using a large scale simulated dataset, we demonstrate that TERA achieves the same accuracy as the corresponding probabilistic method while being faster, and outperforms other parsimony-based methods in both accuracy and speed. Running TERA on a set of 1099 homologous gene families from complete cyanobacterial genomes, we find that incorporating knowledge of the species tree results in a two thirds reduction in the number of apparent transfer events.
Availability and implementation: The algorithm is implemented in our program TERA, which is freely available from http://mbb.univ-montp2.fr/MBB/download_sources/16__TERA.
Contact: celine.scornavacca@univ-montp2.fr, ssolo@angel.elte.hu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Ulysses: accurate detection of low-frequency structural variations in large insert-size sequencing libraries
Authors: Gillet-Markowska Alexandre , Richard Hugues , Fischer Gilles , Lafontaine Ingrid 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Motivation: The detection of structural variations (SVs) in short-range Paired-End (PE) libraries remains challenging because SV breakpoints can involve large dispersed repeated sequences, or carry inherent complexity, hardly resolvable with classical PE sequencing data. In contrast, large insert-size sequencing libraries (Mate-Pair libraries) provide higher physical coverage of the genome and give access to repeat-containing regions. They can thus theoretically overcome previous limitations as they are becoming routinely accessible. Nevertheless, broad insert size distributions and high rates of chimerical sequences are usually associated to this type of libraries, which makes the accurate annotation of SV challenging.
Results: Here, we present Ulysses, a tool that achieves drastically higher detection accuracy than existing tools, both on simulated and real mate-pair sequencing datasets from the 1000 Human Genome project. Ulysses achieves high specificity over the complete spectrum of variants by assessing, in a principled manner, the statistical significance of each possible variant (duplications, deletions, translocations, insertions and inversions) against an explicit model for the generation of experimental noise. This statistical model proves particularly useful for the detection of low frequency variants. SV detection performed on a large insert Mate-Pair library from a breast cancer sample revealed a high level of somatic duplications in the tumor and, to a lesser extent, in the blood sample as well. Altogether, these results show that Ulysses is a valuable tool for the characterization of somatic mosaicism in human tissues and in cancer genomes.
Availability and implementation: Ulysses is available at http://www.lcqb.upmc.fr/ulysses.
Contact: ingrid.lafontaine@upmc.fr or gilles.fischer@upmc.fr
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
CytoCom: a Cytoscape app to visualize, query and analyse disease comorbidity networks
Authors: Moni Mohammad Ali , Xu Haoming , Liò Pietro 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Summary: CytoCom is an interactive plugin for Cytoscape that can be used to search, explore, analyse and visualize human disease comorbidity network. It represents disease–disease associations in terms of bipartite graphs and provides International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD9)-centric and disease name centric views of disease information. It allows users to find associations between diseases based on the two measures: Relative Risk (RR) and ϕ-correlation values. In the disease network, the size of each node is based on the prevalence of that disease. CytoCom is capable of clustering disease network based on the ICD9 disease category. It provides user-friendly access that facilitates exploration of human diseases, and finds additional associated diseases by double-clicking a node in the existing network. Additional comorbid diseases are then connected to the existing network. It is able to assist users for interpretation and exploration of the human diseases by a variety of built-in functions. Moreover, CytoCom permits multi-colouring of disease nodes according to standard disease classification for expedient visualization.
Availability and implementation: CytoCom is compatible with CytoScape 3.1.0 or later version. Please visit http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/∼mam211/ for user tutorial and download.
Contact: Mohammad.Moni@cl.cam.ac.uk