bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction to Satellite Oceanography
Authors: Marra John 
Published: September 2014

SummaryThis lecture is designed for undergraduates, to show how satellites contribute to the understanding of ocean dynamics. Satellite sensors can measure properties of the surface ocean with a sampling coverage unachievable from ocean‐going research vessels. The four geophysical variables of the ocean that satellites can observe are sea‐surface temperature, surface winds, the relative height of the sea surface, and the color of the ocean. Sea surface temperature is measured by sensing the infrared radiation emanating from the ocean. Surface winds are deduced from the roughness of the surface ocean using a radar on the satellite. Sea surface height is estimated from knowing, very accurately the altitude of the satellite relative to the earth. Ocean color is measured with a spectrometer on board the satellite. The lecture will give students appreciation of the power of satellite oceanography, while also considering its limitations. This lecture avoids overly technical information and the particulars of the various satellites, in favor of a description of how the measurements are made that can be understood at the undergraduate level. Students are encouraged to make use of satellite data, which is publicly available.
Pedagogy Left in Peace
Authors: Jardine David W. 
Published: September 2014

The idea of fragmentation has transformed the living, convivial pursuit of knowledge into something akin to an industrial assembly line. Schooling in North America is inherently based on this idea, working against the spirit of pedagogy and the very nature of knowledge itself. Fragmentation has lead to practices that are easily recognizable in schools such as surveillance, colonization, leveling, standardization, normalization and even oppression: the logic of fragmentation has lead to the breaking apart of the living disciplines of knowledge entrusted to teachers and students in the classroom.
In this profound and challenging book, David Jardine explores some of the historical and philosophical ancestries of the logic of fragmentation and then lays out how the logic of fragmentation is being interrupted by progressive contemporary thinking about the nature of knowledge and its pursuit. Jardine uses real classroom examples to show how inspiring teachers and students have stepped out from the normal rigidity of the school system to pursue a pedagogy left in peace.
Aesthetics and Film
Authors: Thomson-Jones Katherine 
Published: September 2014

Aesthetics and Film is a philosophical study of the art of film. Its motivation is the recent surge of interest among analytic philosophers in the philosophical implications of central issues in film theory and the application of general issues in aesthetics to the specific case of film.
Of particular interest are questions concerning the distinctive representational capacities of film art, particularly in relation to realism and narration, the influence of the literary paradigm in understanding film authorship and interpretation, and our imaginative and affective engagement with film.
For all of these questions, Katherine Thomson-Jones critically compares the most compelling answers, driving home key points with a wide range of film examples including Wiene's The Cabinet of Doctor Caligari, Eisenstein's October, Hitchcock's Rear Window, Kubrick's The Shining and Sluizer's The Vanishing. Students and scholars of aesthetics and cinema will find this an illuminating, accessible and highly enjoyable investigation into the nature and power of a technologically evolving art form.
The Appropriation of Native American Spirituality
Authors: Owen Suzanne 
Published: September 2014

Native Americans and Canadians are largely romanticised or sidelined figures in modern society. Their spirituality has been appropriated on a relatively large scale by Europeans and non-Native Americans, with little concern for the diversity of Native American opinions. Suzanne Owen offers an insight into appropriation that will bring a new understanding and perspective to these debates.
This important volume collects together these key debates from the last 25 years and sets them in context, analyses Native American objections to appropriations of their spirituality and examines 'New Age' practices based on Native American spirituality.
The Appropriation of Native American Spirituality includes the findings of fieldwork among the Mi'Kmaq of Newfoundland on the sharing of ceremonies between Native Americans and First Nations, which highlights an aspect of the debate that has been under-researched in both anthropology and religious studies: that Native American discourses about the breaking of 'protocols', rules on the participation and performance of ceremonies, is at the heart of objections to the appropriation of Native American spirituality.
Changes in satisfaction with body in pregnant women participating in physical exercise classes and childbirth classes
Authors: Guszkowska Monika , Langwald Marta 
Published: September 2014

<b>Background</b><br />
During pregnancy, a woman’s body undergoes major transformation contrary to the present ideal image of a slim body shape. Satisfaction with the body is important for a pregnant woman because it is one of the factors that determine her physical and mental well-being. The aim of this study was to compare the changes in the satisfaction with the body in women who regularly participated in physical exercise classes (experimental group) and in women who attended traditional childbirth classes (control group).<br />
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<b>Participants and procedure</b><br />
The research included 74 women aged 22-37 years in the second and third trimesters of their first pregnancy. The experimental group consisted of 39 pregnant women who participated in physical exercise classes from the Active Nine Months program for pregnant women. The control group consisted of 36 pregnant women who participated in typical childbirth classes twice a week. The Body Shape Test for Pregnant Women and the modified version of the Body Satisfaction Scale were used.<br />
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<b>Results</b><br />
After two months, women in both groups perceived their body shape as significantly bigger; the ideal figure became plumper, and the disparity between the actual and the ideal figure increased. Dissatisfaction with torso, motor skills, and appearance did not change in the experimental group; a significant increase of dissatisfaction with appearance and motor skills was observed in the control group.<br />
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<b>Conclusions</b><br />
Regular physical exercise helps pregnant women to maintain positive attitudes towards their body.
Merleau-Ponty: da constituição à instituição
Authors: Chauí Marilena 
Published: September 2014

O artigo analisa a presença e o papel dos conceitos de instituição e de constituição no interior da filosofia de Merleau-Ponty. Buscamos compreender a referência à obra de Husserl, onde tais conceitos se misturam à tarefa fenomenológica de superar a crise da razão através da instalação de um saber rigoroso, fundado no poder constituinte da consciência. Levamos em conta, porém, o fato de que para Merleau-Ponty a fenomenologia precisa admitir que a infraestrutura secreta e selvagem onde nascem nossas teses não pode ser produzida pelos atos da consciência absoluta. Afinal, essa infraestrutura é o fundo a partir do qual toda e qualquer experiência se produz. Consequentemente, nosso saber não pode ser reduzido à constituição do mundo pela consciência absoluta. Trata-se, ao contrário, de buscar a gênese de nossas teses e de nossa compreensão do mundo numa dimensão anterior aos atos de consciência. Passagem de uma filosofia da posição para uma filosofia da gênese, a filosofia de Merleau-Ponty traz ademais, juntamente com a imbricação e a reversibilidade entre natureza e temporalidade, uma nova concepção da historicidade, que será proposta justamente pela noção de instituição. É essa passagem - da centralidadeda constituição em Husserl à instituição em Merleau-Ponty - que visamos trazer à luz.
The Bereavement Process of Tissue Donors' Family Members: Responses of Grief, Posttraumatic Stress, Personal Growth, and Ongoing Attachment
Authors: Hogan Nancy , Schmidt Lee , Coolican Maggie 
Published: September 2014

Context Donated tissues can save lives of critically burned patients and those needing a heart valve replacement. Tissues enhance the lives of a million recipients annually through transplants of corneas, bones, tendons, and vein grafts. Unfortunately, the need for some tissues exceeds their availability. Objective The goal of the quantitative component of this mixed methods study was to identify the grief, posttraumatic stress, personal growth, and ongoing attachment response of tissue donors' family members during a 2-year period. Design Simultaneous mixed methods design. Participants The sample for this study consisted of 52 tissue donors' family members, mostly widows (83%). Data Collection and Analysis Data were collected for 2 years to test changes in grief, posttraumatic stress, panic behavior, personal growth, and ongoing attachment. The bereaved participants experienced significantly fewer grief reactions, less posttraumatic stress, and greater personal growth. There was no significant difference in the ongoing attachment to their deceased loved ones. Conclusion The results of this study may reinforce the positive meaning that tissue donors' family members can find in tissue donation. Findings also demonstrate that the bereavement process corroborates contemporary bereavement and attachment theories. Health professionals are encouraged to seek donations with less worry that tissue donors' family members will experience adverse outcomes during bereavement.
African American Organ Donor Registration: A Mixed Methods Design Using the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: DuBay Derek A. , Ivankova Nataliya , Herby Ivan , Wynn Theresa A. , Kohler Connie , Berry Beverly , Foushee Herman , Carson April P. , Redden David T. , Holt Cheryl , Siminoff Laura , Fouad Mona , Martin Michelle Y. 
Published: September 2014

Context A large racial disparity exists in organ donation. Objective To identify factors associated with becoming a registered organ donor among African Americans in Alabama. Methods Concurrent mixed methods design guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior to analyze African Americans' decisions to become a registered organ donor by using both qualitative (focus groups) and quantitative (survey) methods. Results The sample consisted of 22 registered organ donors and 65 nonregistered participants from 6 focus groups completed in urban (n = 3) and rural (n = 3) areas. Participants emphasized the importance of the autonomy to make one's own organ donation decision and have this decision honored posthumously. One novel barrier to becoming a registered organ donor was the perception that organs from African Americans were often unusable because of the high prevalence of chronic medical conditions such as diabetes and hypertension. Another novel theme discussed as an advantage to becoming a donor was the subsequent motivation to take responsibility for one's health. Family and friends were the most common groups of persons identified as approving and disapproving of the decision to become a donor. The most common facilitator to becoming a donor was information, whereas fear and the lack of information were the most common barriers. In contrast, religious beliefs, mistrust, and social justice themes were infrequently referenced as barriers to becoming a donor. Conclusion Findings from this study may be useful for prioritizing organ donation community-based educational interventions in campaigns to increase donor registration.
Pore‐Wall Decorated Covalent Organic Frameworks for Selective Vapor Sensing
Authors: Tran Ly D. , Moore David C. , Patra Bidhan C. , Choi Junghoon , Hampton Cheri M. , Loveday Morgan E. , Bhagwandin Dayanni D. , Renggli Isabella , Muratore Christopher , Drummy Lawrence F. , Zhao Dan , Glavin Nicholas R. , Baldwin Luke A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an attractive class of materials for sensing applications due to their inherent crystallinity, high surface area, and designable framework functionalities. While the majority of COFs have high electrical resistance, making it difficult to harness these materials for electronic sensors, real‐time impedance spectroscopy can enable gas and vapor sensing of a much wider range of COFs. Herein, a set of post‐synthetically modified (PSM) COFs are explored though a straightforward one‐step substitution reaction by reacting phenol moieties on the pore wall, with alkyl bromides, to embed alkyl, aryl, or alcohol groups into the framework. This modular approach provides access to improved sensor properties toward the detection of volatile organics, acids, and potentially harmful gases. Sensor results indicate that post‐synthetically modified COFs offer better sensitivity toward NO2 and acetic acid, with the aryl functionalized COF having an NO2 detection limit of 10 ppm. Furthermore, modified COFs also show higher selectivity toward isopropanol and toluene. This work highlights the importance of methods that facilitate post‐synthetic modification of COFs so that functional groups and COF properties can be tuned.
Engineering Heterostructured Piezoelectric Nanorods with Rich Oxygen Vacancy‐Mediated Piezoelectricity for Ultrasound‐Triggered Piezocatalytic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Chen Wenying , Chen Qi , Song Feifei , Hua Mengying , Chang Meiqi , Feng Wei , Ding Li , Yang Bin , Chen Yu , Hu Zhongqian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUsing piezoelectric bionanomaterials to promote the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is being increasingly recognized in ultrasound (US)‐triggered tumor treatments. The mechanism underlying this innovative treatment involves US irradiation, which activates the built‐in electric field (BIEF) and induces energy‐band bending in piezoelectric materials (PEMs). In this study, Sr0.5Ba0.5Nb2O6 (SBN) nanorods (NRs) are synthesized using a molten salt method. Subsequently, oxygen‐vacancy (OV)‐rich SBN/Sr2Nb2O7 (SBN/SNO) heterojunction nanocomposites (NCs) are fabricated via H2 annealing of the SBN NRs. The engineering strategy focused on enhancing ROS generation, thereby augmenting the piezoelectric catalytic activity of the NCs. This configuration ensures that the BIEF and heterojunction‐induced field act synergistically to provide a sustained driving force for the separation of electron‐hole (e−‐h+) pairs. Importantly, the OVs on the surfaces of the H2‐annealed SBN NRs create electron‐rich sites, which substantially enhance their piezocatalytic capabilities. In vitro and in vivo analyses of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) models demonstrate the significant cytotoxic and tumor‐inhibitory capabilities of this rich OV‐mediated sonopiezoelectric therapy (SPT) and illustrate its potential as a promising therapeutic approach against cancer.
Fabrication of Micro‐Mesopores on Spiral Carbon Nanocoils and Simultaneous Doping with Oxygen to Expand Microwave Absorption Bandwidth
Authors: Zuo Xueqing , Zhang Yifeng , Tian Jie , Sun Chen , Wen Ningxuan , Zhang Hao , Li Chengwei , Fan Zeng , Pan Lujun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe exceptional benefits of structural defects and doped atoms in carbon network regarding electromagnetic properties inspire the design of advanced carbon‐based microwave absorption (MA) materials. However, excessive structural defects decline the physical properties of materials, especially their conductivity. Therefore, it is a great challenge to balance structural defects and doped atoms to optimize conductive behavior for carbon‐based MA materials. The spiral carbon nanocoil (CNC), with coexisting amorphous and polycrystalline carbon structures and moderate conductivity, has significant MA properties but lacks pores and doped atoms. Herein, the amorphous carbon parts with relatively weak C─C bond energies are preferentially oxidized at 500 °C in air atmosphere to create pores and combine O atoms in the bodies of CNCs. Furthermore, the mechanism prioritizing the formation of O doping over defects is discovered. Benefiting from the synergistic interplay of structural defects and O dopants, the O‐enriched porous CNCs demonstrate enhanced conduction and polarization losses than the pure CNCs, realizing a wide effective absorption bandwidth of 7.3 GHz at a filling ratio of only 3 wt.%. Theoretical calculations further support these experimental results. The combination of structural defects and doped atoms may serve as an effective pathway for unlocking tunable dielectric properties of carbon‐based materials.
Advancing Scaffold‐Assisted Modality for In Situ Osteochondral Regeneration: A Shift From Biodegradable to Bioadaptable
Authors: Wu Han , Wang Xuejing , Wang Guocheng , Yuan Guangyin , Jia Weitao , Tian Liangfei , Zheng Yufeng , Ding Wenjiang , Pei Jia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOver the decades, the management of osteochondral lesions remains a significant yet unmet medical challenge without curative solutions to date. Owing to the complex nature of osteochondral units with multi‐tissues and multicellularity, and inherently divergent cellular turnover capacities, current clinical practices often fall short of robust and satisfactory repair efficacy. Alternative strategies, particularly tissue engineering assisted with biomaterial scaffolds, achieve considerable advances, with the emerging pursuit of a more cost‐effective approach of in situ osteochondral regeneration, as evolving toward cell‐free modalities. By leveraging endogenous cell sources and innate regenerative potential facilitated with instructive scaffolds, promising results are anticipated and being evidenced. Accordingly, a paradigm shift is occurring in scaffold development, from biodegradable and biocompatible to bioadaptable in spatiotemporal control. Hence, this review summarizes the ongoing progress in deploying bioadaptable criteria for scaffold‐based engineering in endogenous osteochondral repair, with emphases on precise control over the scaffolding material, degradation, structure and biomechanics, and surface and biointerfacial characteristics, alongside their distinguished impact on the outcomes. Future outlooks of a highlight on advanced, frontier materials, technologies, and tools tailoring precision medicine and smart healthcare are provided, which potentially paves the path toward the ultimate goal of complete osteochondral regeneration with function restoration.
Photo‐Active Soft Actuator Enabling Dynamic Manipulable Lenses with Surface Reshaping
Authors: Shen Ning , Yuan Conglong , Hu Honglong , Wang Yifei , Wang Zhaoyi , Zheng Zhigang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractManipulable lenses with tunable focal length have garnered great attention due to their unique advantages including strong adjustability, low power consumption, fast response times, and ease of integration. However, in the context of advancing intellectualization, weight reduction, and miniaturization of imaging systems, mere focal length adjustment is no longer sufficient. Herein, an innovative method is introduced for creating a dynamic light manipulable (DLM) lens with surface reshaping. This breakthrough is accomplished through the collaborative integration of a medium lens with an actuator based on photo‐active liquid crystal polymer (LCP) film, where the deformation of the photo‐active LCP film can be arbitrarily controlled by meticulously designing the orientation distributions of liquid crystal (LC) mesogens within the film. The lens with three distinct surfaces, including quasi‐cone, paraboloid, and 3 × 3 paraboloid array, are demonstrated with infrared stability, robust fatigue resistance, long natural recovery time, outstanding thermal stability, and excellent solvent resistance, further confirming the feasibility of the lens application in tunable display, imaging, infrared optics, and other systems. This work holds the promise of paving the way for a new generation of imaging systems.
Ene‐Reductase‐Catalyzed Aromatization of Simple Cyclohexanones to Phenols
Authors: Chen Jie , Qi Shaofang , Wang Zhiguo , Hu Liran , Liu Jialing , Huang Guixiang , Peng Yongzhen , Fang Zheng , Wu Qi , Hu Yujing , Guo Kai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDirect aromatization of cyclohexanones to synthesize substituted phenols represents a significant challenge in modern synthetic chemistry. Herein, we describe a novel ene‐reductase (TsER) catalytic system that converts substituted cyclohexanones into the corresponding phenols. This process involves the successive dehydrogenation of two saturated carbon‐carbon bonds within the six‐membered ring of cyclohexanones and utilizes molecular oxygen to drive the reaction cycle. It demonstrates a versatile and efficient approach for the synthesis of substituted phenols, providing a valuable complement to existing chemical methodologies.
Water‐Involved Carbon‐Nitrogen Triple‐Bond Monomer Based Polymerization toward Processable Functional Polyamides under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Li Mingzhao , Jing Xiaoyi , Xia Jiehui , Tian Qi , Zhang Qiang , Wang Bingnan , Qin Anjun , Zhong Tang. Ben 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPolyamide plays a pivotal role in engineering thermoplastics. Constrained by the harsh conditions and arduous procedures for its industrial synthesis, developing facile synthesis of polyamides is still challengeable and holds profound significance. Herein, we successfully utilized water as one of the monomers to synthesize functional polyamides under ambient conditions. A powerful multicomponent polymerization of water, isocyanides, and chlorooximes was established in phosphate‐buffered saline. Soluble and thermally stable polyamides with high weight‐average molecular weights (up to 53 900) were obtained in excellent yields (up to 95 %). The polymerization exhibits unique polymerization‐induced emission characteristics, successfully converting non‐emissive monomers into unconventional emissive polymers. Notably, the resultant polyamides could undergo effective post‐modification via the hydroxyl‐yne click reaction. By incorporating various functional groups into the polyamide, its emission color could be fine‐tuned from blue to green and to red. Remarkably, the refractive index (n) of the polyamide at 589 nm could be increased from 1.6173 to 1.7227 and the Δn could be unprecedentedly as high as 0.1054 for non‐heavy atom‐containing polymers after post‐modification, and its micron‐thick films exhibited excellent transparency in the visible region. Thus, this work not only establishes a powerful polymerization toward novel polyamides but also opens up an avenue for their versatile functionalization.