bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adenosine-assisted embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bocanegra-Becerra Jhon E , Andreão Filipi Fim , Acha Sánchez José Luis , Punukollu Anuraag , Oliveira Leonardo B , Kuhar Krish , Rodrigues Peixoto Maria Eduarda , Pimenta Weba Elizabet Taylor , Alhwaishel Khaled , Ferreira Marcio Yuri , Bertani Raphael , Lopez-Gonzalez Miguel Angel 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundCerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are complex lesions that can cause hemorrhagic stroke and significant neurological disability. Adenosine induces cardiac standstill and hypotension, which are thought to be useful during cerebral AVM embolization. Herein, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the technique’s safety.MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, four databases were queried for studies describing the use of adenosine-assisted embolization of cerebral AVMs. Adenosine-related intraoperative complications, permanent neurological outcomes, morbidity, and mortality assessed the technique’s safety. Single proportion analysis under a random-effects model was performed. Heterogeneity was assessed using I² statistics, and publication bias was evaluated through funnel plot analysis and Egger’s regression test.ResultsTen studies were included, involving 79 patients (55.7% male) with 79 AVMs (54.4% unruptured and 70.9% Spetzler–Martin grade III-V) who underwent 123 embolizations (80.4% and 5.9% under transarterial and transvenous approaches, respectively) with n-butyl cyanoacrylate (80.4%), ethylene vinyl alcohol (14.4%), or both (5.2%). The incidence of transient adenosine-related intraoperative complications was 0% (95% CI 0% to 3%, I2=24%). Besides, the incidence of adenosine-related morbidity, mortality, and permanent outcomes was 0% (95% CI 0% to 3%, I2=0%). During follow-up, good functional outcomes were reported for 64 patients (81%).ConclusionsAdenosine’s effects on blood flow control can facilitate embolization and mitigate the risk of AVM rupture and embolic agent migration. Although current evidence stems from observational studies, the results of this meta-analysis suggest a safe drug profile due to minimal associated morbidity and mortality. Further research from larger randomized and controlled studies is warranted to attain a higher level of evidence.PROSPERO registry numberCRD42023494116
The incidence of infratentorial arteriovenous malformation-associated aneurysms: an institutional case series and systematic literature review
Authors: Davison Mark , McCune Maximos , Thiyagarajah Nishanth , Kashkoush Ahmed , Achey Rebecca , Shost Michael , Toth Gabor , Bain Mark , Moore Nina 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundArteriovenous malformation (AVM)-associated aneurysms represent a high-risk feature predisposing them to rupture. Infratentorial AVMs have been shown to have a greater incidence of associated aneurysms, however the existing data is outdated and biased. The aim of our research was to compare the incidence of supratentorial vs infratentorial AVM-associated aneurysms.MethodsPatients were identified from our institutional AVM registry, which includes all patients with an intracranial AVM diagnosis since 2000, regardless of treatment. Records were reviewed for clinical details, AVM characteristics, nidus location (supratentorial or infratentorial), and presence of associated aneurysms. Statistical comparisons were made using Fisher’s exact or Wilcoxon rank sum tests as appropriate. Multivariable logistic regression analysis determined independent predictors of AVM-associated aneurysms. As a secondary analysis, a systematic literature review was performed, where studies documenting the incidence of AVM-associated aneurysms stratified by location were of interest.ResultsFrom 2000–2024, 706 patients with 720 AVMs were identified, of which 152 (21.1%) were infratentorial. Intracranial hemorrhage was the most common AVM presentation (42.1%). The incidence of associated aneurysms was greater in infratentorial AVMs compared with supratentorial cases (45.4% vs 20.1%; P<0.0001). Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that infratentorial nidus location was the singular predictor of an associated aneurysm, odds ratio: 2.9 (P<0.0001). Systematic literature review identified eight studies satisfying inclusion criteria. Aggregate analysis indicated infratentorial AVMs were more likely to harbor an associated aneurysm (OR 1.7) and present as ruptured (OR 3.9), P<0.0001.ConclusionsIn this modern consecutive patient series, infratentorial nidus location was a significant predictor of an associated aneurysm and hemorrhagic presentation.
As barreiras de Cubatão, Caraguatatuba, Ubatuba e Cunha: limites e possibilidades da documentação
Authors: Arruda José Jobson de Andrade 
Published: June 2024

The toll-gates of the Province of São Paulo were created by the Decree of March 24, 1835. They were intended to defray the road construction and maintenance expenses which burdened the Treasury. A survey of all the toll-gates of the Province would demand a whole staff of researchers. Therefore we limited our study to four villages only — Cubatão, Caraguatatuba, Ubatuba and Cunha — and to a period of 15 years (1835-1850). Consequently this is a preliminary survey of a larger research project concerned with this kind of documentation. The examined material is kept in the Archive of the State of São Paulo in labelled tins which indicate the village and the year or years of reference with no Information on the quality of the documents therein. A preliminary classification of all the documents was made, box by box, and we may say that the most important ones are Exportation Books, Tax Registration Box, Current Account Books, Revenue and Expenditure Ledgers. This documentation contains data on the movement of droves and cattleherds which passed the toll-gates; on the number of freight cars, on the variety and quantity of transported goods; on the quantity and prices of products bought for the consumption of toll-gate guards; on the wages paid to free workers for such Services, and on the sums paid to proprietors who rented their slaves for the road works. This documentation offers highly significant data for the reconstruction of the economic history of the Province of São Paulo during the above mentioned period. It contradicts Caio Prado Jr.’s statement that “The sole and secure statistical source on the domestic trade would be the documents of registros, the so-called ‘dry customs’ (alfândegas secas), and tolls established at river crossings and other strategic areas. But these are certainly lost for ever”.
An electrocardiogram-based AI algorithm for early detection of pulmonary hypertension
Authors: DuBrock Hilary M. , Wagner Tyler E. , Carlson Katherine , Carpenter Corinne L. , Awasthi Samir , Attia Zachi I. , Frantz Robert P. , Friedman Paul A. , Kapa Suraj , Annis Jeffrey , Brittain Evan L. , Hemnes Anna R. , Asirvatham Samuel J. , Babu Melwin , Prasad Ashim , Yoo Unice , Barve Rakesh , Selej Mona , Agron Peter , Kogan Emily , Quinn Deborah , Dunnmon Preston , Khan Najat , Soundararajan Venky 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundEarly diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is critical for effective treatment and management. We aimed to develop and externally validate an artificial intelligence algorithm that could serve as a PH screening tool, based on analysis of a standard 12-lead ECG.MethodsThe PH Early Detection Algorithm (PH-EDA) is a convolutional neural network developed using retrospective ECG voltage–time data, with patients classified as “PH-likely” or “PH-unlikely” (controls) based on right heart catheterisation or echocardiography. In total, 39 823 PH-likely patients and 219 404 control patients from Mayo Clinic were randomly split into training (48%), validation (12%) and test (40%) sets. ECGs taken within 1 month of PH diagnosis (diagnostic dataset) were used to train the PH-EDA at Mayo Clinic. Performance was tested on diagnostic ECGs within the test sets from Mayo Clinic (n=16 175/87 998 PH-likely/controls) and Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC; n=6045/24 256 PH-likely/controls). In addition, performance was tested on ECGs taken 6–18 months (pre-emptive dataset), and up to 5 years prior to a PH diagnosis at both sites.ResultsPerformance testing yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.92 and 0.88 in the diagnostic test sets at Mayo Clinic and VUMC, respectively, and 0.86 and 0.81, respectively, in the pre-emptive test sets. The AUC remained a minimum of 0.79 at Mayo Clinic and 0.73 at VUMC up to 5 years before diagnosis.ConclusionThe PH-EDA can detect PH at diagnosis and 6–18 months prior, demonstrating the potential to accelerate diagnosis and management of this debilitating disease.
Low smoking exposure and development and prognosis of COPD over four decades: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Çolak Yunus , Løkke Anders , Marott Jacob L. , Lange Peter , Vestbo Jørgen , Nordestgaard Børge G. , Afzal Shoaib 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundA diagnosis of COPD is mainly considered in individuals with >10 pack-years of smoking. We tested the hypothesis that low smoking exposure, below the critical threshold of 10 pack-years, increases risk of COPD and leads to poor prognosis.MethodsWe followed non-obstructed adult smokers from the Copenhagen City Heart Study for COPD, defined as a forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity <0.70 and FEV1<80% predicted, and for related clinical outcomes. First, we followed individuals for 5 years according to baseline smoking for risk of developing COPD, and thereafter for up to four decades for severe exacerbations and death.ResultsIn 6098 non-obstructed smokers, 1781 (29%) developed COPD after 5 years of follow-up: 23% of individuals with <10 pack-years of smoking at baseline, 26% of those with 10–19.9 pack-years, 30% of those with 20–39.9 pack-years and 39% of those with ≥40 pack-years. During four decades of follow-up, we recorded 620 exacerbations and 5573 deaths. Compared to individuals without COPD with <10 pack‑years of smoking, multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for exacerbations were 1.94 (95% CI 1.36–2.76) in those without COPD and ≥10 pack-years, 2.83 (95% CI 1.72–4.66) in those with COPD and <10 pack-years, 4.34 (95% CI 2.93–6.43) in those with COPD and 10–19.9 pack-years, 4.39 (95% CI 2.98–6.46) in those with COPD and 20–39.9 pack-years and 4.98 (95% CI 3.11–7.97) in those with COPD and ≥40 pack-years. Corresponding HRs for all-cause mortality were 1.20 (95% CI 1.10–1.32), 1.31 (95% CI 1.13–1.53), 1.59 (95% CI 1.40–1.79), 1.81 (95% CI 1.62–2.03) and 1.81 (95% CI 1.55–2.10).ConclusionLow smoking exposure below the critical threshold of 10 pack-years increases risk of COPD in middle-aged adults within 5 years, and these individuals have increased risk of severe exacerbation and early death over four decades.
Development and validation of a machine learning-based model for post-sepsis frailty
Authors: Yeo Hye Ju , Noh Dasom , Kim Tae Hwa , Jang Jin Ho , Lee Young Seok , Park Sunghoon , Moon Jae Young , Jeon Kyeongman , Oh Dong Kyu , Lee Su Yeon , Park Mi Hyeon , Lim Chae-Man , Cho Woo Hyun , Kwon Sunyoung ,   on behalf of the Korean Sepsis Alliance investigators
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe development of post-sepsis frailty is a common and significant problem, but it is a challenge to predict.MethodsData for deep learning were extracted from a national multicentre prospective observational cohort of patients with sepsis in Korea between September 2019 and December 2021. The primary outcome was frailty at survival discharge, defined as a clinical frailty score on the Clinical Frailty Scale ≥5. We developed a deep learning model for predicting frailty after sepsis by 10 variables routinely collected at the recognition of sepsis. With cross-validation, we trained and tuned six machine learning models, including four conventional and two neural network models. Moreover, we computed the importance of each predictor variable in the model. We measured the performance of these models using a temporal validation data set.ResultsA total of 8518 patients were included in the analysis; 5463 (64.1%) were frail, and 3055 (35.9%) were non-frail at discharge. The Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) achieved the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) (0.8175) and accuracy (0.7414). To confirm the generalisation performance of artificial intelligence in predicting frailty at discharge, we conducted external validation with the COVID-19 data set. The XGB still showed a good performance with an AUC of 0.7668. The machine learning model could predict frailty despite the disparity in data distribution.ConclusionThe machine learning-based model developed for predicting frailty after sepsis achieved high performance with limited baseline clinical parameters.
Bilateral corpus cavernosum abscess: a case report and a review of the literature
Authors: Steven  , Rasyid Nur , Birowo Ponco , Seno Doddy Widyawan Hami , Aulia Indri , Atmoko Widi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Corpus cavernosum abscess is an uncommonly described urological condition. We report a case of bilateral corpus cavernosum abscess in a 49-year-old man with a history of the left scrotal abscess.

Case presentation
A 49-year-old man was present with 10 days history of painful and swollen penis. He had a history of an abscess in the left scrotum. The examination revealed non-erythematous palpable edema and tenderness on the shaft of the penis. Laboratory results showed leukocytosis. He was diagnosed with bilateral corpus cavernosum abscess and right testicular hypotrophy after an MRI examination. He underwent a bilateral corporotomy, debridement with Mulcahy salvage solution, and placement of a Penrose drain.

Discussion
A penile abscess can be caused by a variety of factors. Treatment includes intravenous antibiotics, radiologically guided needle aspiration, or open surgical drainage.

Conclusion
In addition to antibiotic treatment, surgical debridement is required for the majority of penile abscess cases.
Livestock predation, crop raiding, and community attitudes towards sustainable wildlife conservation in and around Mankira Forest, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Asaye Birhanu , Tekalign Wondimagegnehu , Dobamo Taye 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCrop raiding and livestock predation negatively impact the views of the local community towards wildlife conservation. Farmers across the African continent, especially those in rural regions, incur financial losses as a result of crop raiding and livestock depredation. The sustainability of the forest relies heavily on comprehending the essential connection between a harmonious park-people relationship and the coexistence of humans and wildlife. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the predation of livestock, the raiding of crops, and the attitudes of the community towards wildlife in the Mankira Forest located in southwest Ethiopia. This particular area has been lacking in scientific research, making it crucial to conduct this assessment. The data were collected between November 2021 and September 2022 via a structured questionnaire. This study used a sample of 241 randomly selected respondents from the four villages, and responses were compared using chi-square tests. Pearson correlation was also used to test the relationship between the distance of farmland and the extent of crop raiding. The majority of the respondents (95%) reported the presence of crop raiding and livestock predation in the area. These losses were caused by the Papio anubis (39%), the Chlorocebus aethiops (24.1%), the Hystrix cristata (15.3%), the Canis aures (58.3%), and the Crocutacrocuta (29.5%). Maize stood out as the crop type most susceptible to crop raiders. Most of the respondents (56.7%) had a negative attitude towards wildlife conservation. There was a significant difference among age groups of respondents related to their attitude towards wildlife conservation (p < 0.05). The study highlights the need to address several gaps in understanding and managing human-wildlife conflict through research on predation, raiding, and community attitudes. Therefore, to fulfill the dual goals of community support and conservation of wildlife, rigorous management and planning are needed.
Inhibitory activity of bacterial lipopeptides against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Strigae
Authors: Assena Mekuria Wolde , Pfannstiel Jens , Rasche Frank 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the influence of bacterial cyclic lipopeptides (LP; surfactins, iturins, fengycins) on microbial interactions. The objective was to investigate whether the presence of bacteria inhibits fungal growth and whether this inhibition is due to the release of bacterial metabolites, particularly LP. Selected endophytic bacterial strains with known plant-growth promoting potential were cultured in the presence of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. strigae (Fos), which was applied as model fungal organism. The extracellular metabolome of tested bacteria, with a focus on LP, was characterized, and the inhibitory effect of bacterial LP on fungal growth was investigated. The results showed that Bacillus velezensis GB03 and FZB42, as well as B. subtilis BSn5 exhibited the strongest antagonism against Fos. Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN, on the other hand, tended to have a slight, though non-significant growth promotion effect. Crude LP from strains GB03 and FZB42 had the strongest inhibitory effect on Fos, with a significant inhibition of spore germination and damage of the hyphal structure. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry revealed the production of several variants of iturin, fengycin, and surfactin LP families from strains GB03, FZB42, and BSn5, with varying intensity. Using plate cultures, bacillomycin D fractions were detected in higher abundance in strains GB03, FZB42, and BSn5 in the presence of Fos. Additionally, the presence of Fos in dual plate culture triggered an increase in bacillomycin D production from the Bacillus strains. The study demonstrated the potent antagonistic effect of certain Bacillus strains (i.e., GB03, FZB42, BSn5) on Fos development. Our findings emphasize the crucial role of microbial interactions in shaping the co-existence of microbial assemblages.
Flower color modification in Torenia fournieri by genetic engineering of betacyanin pigments
Authors: Nishihara Masahiro , Hirabuchi Akiko , Teshima Takuya , Uesugi Shota , Takahashi Hideyuki 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Betalains are reddish and yellow pigments that accumulate in a few plant species of the order Caryophyllales. These pigments have antioxidant and medicinal properties and can be used as functional foods. They also enhance resistance to stress or disease in crops. Several plant species belonging to other orders have been genetically engineered to express betalain pigments. Betalains can also be used for flower color modification in ornamental plants, as they confer vivid colors, like red and yellow. To date, betalain engineering to modify the color of Torenia fournieri—or wishbone flower—a popular ornamental plant, has not been attempted.

Results
We report the production of purple-reddish-flowered torenia plants from the purple torenia cultivar “Crown Violet.” Three betalain-biosynthetic genes encoding CYP76AD1, dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) 4,5-dioxygenase (DOD), and cyclo-DOPA 5-O-glucosyltransferase (5GT) were constitutively ectopically expressed under the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter, and their expression was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. The color traits, measured by spectrophotometric colorimeter and spectral absorbance of fresh petal extracts, revealed a successful flower color modification from purple to reddish. Red pigmentation was also observed in whole plants. LC-DAD-MS and HPLC analyses confirmed that the additional accumulated pigments were betacyanins—mainly betanin (betanidin 5-O-glucoside) and, to a lesser extent, isobetanin (isobetanidin 5-O-glucoside). The five endogenous anthocyanins in torenia flower petals were also detected.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates the possibility of foreign betacyanin accumulation in addition to native pigments in torenia, a popular garden bedding plant. To our knowledge, this is the first report presenting engineered expression of betalain pigments in the family Linderniaceae. Genetic engineering of betalains would be valuable in increasing the flower color variation in future breeding programs for torenia.
Hypertension and cardiac damage in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma patients: a large-scale single-center cohort study
Authors: Yu Yang , Chen Chuyun , Meng Lei , Han Wencong , Zhang Yan , Zhang Zheng , Yang Ying 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Hypertension (HT) is one of the most common manifestations in patients with catecholamine-secreting neuroendocrine tumors. Although the cardiovascular manifestations of these tumors have been described, there have been no large-scale investigations of the profile of HT and changes in cardiac structure and function that occur in patients with pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL).

Materials and methods
In this study, we investigated the prevalence of HT and left ventricular remodeling (LVR) in a cohort of 598 patients who underwent surgery for PPGL at our center between January 2001 and April 2022. Information on demographics, reason for hospitalization, medical history, biochemical parameters, findings on echocardiography, and tumor characteristics were recorded. The LVR index was compared according to whether or not there was a history of HT.

Results
The average age was 47.07 ± 15.07 years, and 277 (46.32%) of the patients were male. A history of HT was found in 423 (70.74%) of the 598 patients. Paraganglioma was significantly more common in the group with HT (26.00% vs. 17.71%, P = 0.030) and significantly less likely to be found incidentally during a health check-up in this group (22.93% vs. 59.43%, P < 0.001). Among 365 patients with complete echocardiography data, left ventricular mass index (86.58 ± 26.70 vs. 75.80 ± 17.26, P < 0.001) and relative wall thickness (0.43 ± 0. 08 vs. 0.41 ± 0.06, P = 0.012) were significantly higher in patients with PPGL and a history of HT. The proportions with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (19.40% vs. 8.25%, P = 0.011) and LVR (53.73% vs. 39.18%, P = 0.014) were also higher when there was a history of HT. After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking status, diabetes, stroke, creatinine level, tumor location, and tumor size, a history of HT was significantly correlated with LVH (odds ratio 2.71, 95% confidence interval 1.18–6.19; P = 0.018) and LVR (odds ratio 1.83, 95% confidence interval 1.11–3.03; P = 0.018).

Conclusion
HT is common in patients with PPGL (70.74% in this cohort). PPGL without a history of HT is more likely to be found incidentally (59.43% in our cohort). HT is associated with LVR in PPGL patients with complete echocardiography data. These patients should be observed carefully for cardiac damage, especially those with a history of HT.