bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real Time Tunning of Power System Stabilizer for Enhancement of Dynamic Stability of Power Generating Stations
Authors: Chauhan Rajeev Kumar , Singh Bhupendra , Maurya Sanjay Kumar , Chauhan Durg Singh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Power System Stabilizer (PSS) enhances dynamic stability by damping the electro-mechanical oscillations in a pre-established range of frequencies through the excitation system of the generating units. This paper discusses the real-time tuning aspects of PSS for small signal stability and enhancement of the dynamic stability of the power generating stations. PSS tuning action provides positive damping by developing an electric torque component in phase with the generator speed. This study shows that fine-tuning of PSS compensates for the phase shift between the generator’s excitation unit input signal and the produced electric torque. The result validates PSS's remarkable effect on enhancing the transfer capability and dynamic stability of the power generating stations.
A Pilot Study on the Views and Experiences of Healthcare Providers about Deprescribing Preventive Medications in Patients with Polypharmacy
Authors: Oktora Monika Pury , Yuniar Cindra Tri , Alfian Sofa Dewi , Hak Eelko , Abdulah Rizky 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Deprescribing is a process of tapering or stopping medications to achieve improved health outcomes. The process is widely recommended to reduce the burden of polypharmacy in older or frail patients. Healthcare providers’ (HCPs) role has been reported to be important when deprescribing in clinical practice. Despite the potential, little is known about the views and experiences of HCPs about deprescribing in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to present the preliminary results of the views and experiences of HCPs in Indonesia about deprescribing medications in patients with polypharmacy.
Methods
The study was carried out using semi-structured interviews with three HCPs, comprising a general practitioner (GP), internist, and pharmacist, who were selected as informants. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, and directed content analysis was performed to extract the data.
Results
Themes about HCPs’ knowledge, skills, experience, and interaction between HCPs, patients, and patient families were found. Although the HCPs understood the importance of deprescribing, some challenges in implementing the process were admitted. These comprised a lack of specific guidelines, barriers to communication skills, building trust from the patients, and insufficient time and resources to support deprescribing decisions. Therefore, closer collaboration between HCPs and good interaction with patients and their families may be favorable when conducting deprescribing.
Conclusion
This first exploration study showed that there were most likely knowledge gaps in deprescribing practices in Indonesia, particularly regarding preventive medications in patients with polypharmacy. Consequently, studies involving more HCPs may help determine their roles in deprescribing and the barriers and enablers to implementation.
Interactions Between Early-Life Adversity, Pandemic Stress, and Social Support on Psychiatric Disorders in a Nationally Representative Sample of Canadian Adults
Authors: Johnson Dylan , Colman Ian , Georgiades Katholiki , Wade Mark 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

PURPOSE
Mental health problems increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, but the interaction between pandemic stress, early-life adversity, and social support in predicting mental health is not well understood. This study examined independent and interactive associations between pandemic stress, early-life adversity, and social support on psychiatric disorders in a nationally-representative sample of Canadian adults.
METHODS
Participants (n = 9,409) were from the Mental Health and Access to Care Survey, a cross-sectional survey of Canadian adults during the pandemic. Measures included pandemic stressors (Statistics Canada), early-life adversity (Childhood Experiences of Violence Questionnaire), social support (Social Provisions Scale), and past 12-month psychiatric problems (World Mental Health-Composite International Diagnostic Interview). Statistical analyses included two-step logistic regression models adjusted for covariates and weighted for complex survey design.
RESULTS
Early-life adversity (aOR = 1.24 [1.15–1.35]-aOR = 1.53 [1.39–1.69]) and pandemic stress (aOR = 1.18 [1.12–1.25]-aOR = 1.32 [1.26–1.39]) were associated with higher odds of psychiatric problems. Significant interactions between early-life adversity and pandemic stress for depression (aOR = 0.96 [0.93–0.98]) suggested an attenuated effect of pandemic stress at higher levels of early-life adversity. Social support was negatively associated with psychiatric problems (aOR = 0.88 [0.86–0.91]-aOR = 0.97 [0.94–0.99]), while pandemic stress was positively associated (aOR = 1.20 [1.15–1.26]-aOR = 1.33 [1.27–1.40]). An interaction between social support and pandemic stress for suicidality (aOR = 1.02 [1.01–1.03]) suggested higher odds of pandemic stress at higher levels of social support.
CONCLUSION
Early-life adversity and pandemic stress increased psychiatric disorder likelihood, while social support was protective. However, complex interactions indicate nuanced relationships in mental health risk during the pandemic.
StereoMM: A Graph Fusion Model for Integrating Spatial Transcriptomic Data and Pathological Images
Authors: Zhang Jiajun , Luo Bingying , Teng Fei , Tang Guo , Cen Weixuan , Qu Chi , Liu Xuanzhu , Liu Xin , Liu Xing , Huang Huaqiang , Feng Yu , Zhang Xue , Jian Min , Li Mei , Xi Feng , Li Guibo , Liao Sha , Chen Ao , Xu Xun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Spatially resolved omics technologies generating multimodal and high-throughput data necessitate the development of advanced analysis methods, and facilitate biological discoveries by comprehensively utilizing information from the multi-omics data. Spatial transcriptomic data and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) images reveal abundant features which are different and complementary to each other. We presented a machine learning based toolchain called StereoMM, a graph based fusion model that can integrate gene expression, histological images, and spatial location. StereoMM interacts with the information revealed by the transcriptomic and imaging data through an attention module. The updated features are input into the graph autoencoder together with a graph of spatial position, so that multimodal features are fused in a self-supervised manner. Here, StereoMM was trained using mouse brain tissue, demonstrating its capability to discern fine tissue architecture, while highlighting its advantage in computational speed. Utilizing data from human lung adenosquamous carcinoma obtained using Stereo-seq and human breast cancer from 10X Visium, we showed the superior performance of StereoMM in spatial domain recognition over competing software, and its ability to reveal tumour heterogeneity. We also used StereoMM to accurately classify patients with colorectal cancer data, effectively differentiating between patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) and proficient mismatch repair (pMMR). StereoMM’s approach for analysing gene expression data and imaging data aids in accurate identification of spatial domains in spatial transcriptomes, unveils critical molecular features, and elucidates the connections between different domains, thereby laying the groundwork for downstream analysis.
π-Aromatic Bi5– – The Heaviest Analogue of Cyclopentadienide (C5H5)– Finally Captured in the Mixed-Valent Compound [{IMesCo}2(μ,η5:η5-Bi5)]
Authors: Dehnen Stefanie , Weigend Florian , Wernsdorfer Wolfgang , Rienmueller Julia , Peerless Benjamin , Paul Sagar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Monocyclic π-aromatic compounds are ubiquitous throughout almost all fields of natural sciences-as synthons in industrial processes, as ligands of metal complexes for catalysis or sensing, and as bioactive molecules. They stand out through their specific way of overcoming electron deficiency as planar organocycles comprising a non-localizable set of (4n+2)π electrons.1 By contrast, all-metal aromatic monocycles with all C atoms replaced by metal atoms are still rare, as metal atoms prefer to form clusters instead of cycles with multiply-bonded atoms, making them a huge synthetic challenge.2–4 This limits the knowledge and potential of corresponding compounds in chemical syntheses or for innovative materials. Here, we show the first successful generation of Bi5–, the heaviest analogue of the aromatic ligand (C5H5)–. Its use as ligand in [{IMesCo}2(µ,η5:η5-Bi5)] (1) was realized by reacting (TlBi3)2– with [(IMes)2CoCl] (IMes: bis(1,3-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl))imidazol-2-ylidene) in ortho-difluorobenzene. Compound 1 is mixed-valent (Co0/CoI) as verified by µ-SQUID measurements and DFT, and perfectly embeds the planar Bi5– cycle in an inverse-sandwich-type manner. Capturing Bi5– represents a landmark in the chemistry of all-metal aromatic molecules and defines a new era for aromatic compounds. Immediate implications include the systematic development of new complexes featuring Bi5– and its derivatives as innovative bismuth-based materials.
An Interpretable AI Approach for Machine Fault DiagnosisUsing Dynamic Gradient LRP and Guided Grad-CAM withThermography
Authors: Mathew Sibi , Nath Aneesh G , A Shyna 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In the realm of heavy machine operations, the necessity for efficient fault diagnosis methodologies is evident, given the substantial risks posed by breakdowns in terms of costs, manpower resources, and time. This study leverages VGG16, guided Grad-CAM, and LRP techniques for fault diagnosis in three-phase induction motors and transformers. Departing from traditional methods, this research strategically incorporates non-destructive tech- niques such as thermal imaging. The methodology entails training a model on a thermal image dataset using the pre- trained VGG16 architecture. Subsequently, guided image datasets are generated through the Guided Grad-CAM process, complemented by corresponding LRP data, form- ing the foundation for training various CNN architectures with a softmax classifier for fault categorization. Signifi- cantly, this integrated approach enables the identification of potential fault areas based on thermal gradients. Pre- liminary results demonstrate promising outcomes, under- scoring the efficacy of this methodology in fault diagnosis. Moreover, extending beyond machinery applications, this study advocates for the integration of neural networks and thermal imaging in industries, offering prospects for predictive maintenance and enhanced operational efficiency in industrial diagnostics.
Study of the prevalence of gestational diabetes among pregnant women visiting Al-Zahrawi Hospital and its risk factors
Authors: Al-Omayan Hadeel Nizar , Hammoud Taghrid 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder that occurs during pregnancy, and its prevalence is increasing in all parts of the world. As a result of the impact of diabetes on both the mother and the fetus, it is a topic worthy of study.
Research objective and its justification: To determine the prevalence of diabetes during pregnancy to confirm the use of screening tests in detecting diabetes during pregnancy.
Research materials and methods: The study included 760 pregnant women who visited Al-Zahrawi Hospital during the period from June 2023 to December 2024, where information was recorded from the patients’ files and information related to the age of the pregnant woman, gestational age, and mass index, in addition to the tests necessary to diagnose diabetes during pregnancy, 73 pregnant women met positive criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes.
Results: The rate of diabetes during pregnancy was 9.60% of all pregnant women. The highest percentage of diabetic pregnant women falls within the age group >30 years, and this percentage is 68.49% (p<0.001)
The majority of diabetic pregnant women are in the third trimester of pregnancy, accounting for 71.23% of all diabetic pregnant women (p<0.001).
Most diabetic pregnant women were overweight and obese, and the percentages reached 39.72% and 49.32%, respectively (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The results of the study showed an increase in the rate of diabetes during pregnancy and therefore the importance of conducting screening tests. It emphasized that the advanced age of the pregnant woman, gestational age, and the presence of obesity in pregnant women are among the most important risk factors for diabetes during pregnancy.
Jiawei Duhuo Jisheng Mixture Mitigates Osteoarthritis Progression in
Rabbits by Inhibiting Inflammation: A Network Pharmacology and
Experimental Approach
Authors: Kaiyun Tan , Xiaotong Xu , Min Lu , Yongrong Wu , xuyi Tan , Fu Shen , Jinwen Ge , Gaoyan Kuang 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative joint disease
characterized by cartilage degradation, inflammation, and pain. Traditional Chinese Medicine,
including JDJM (a herbal formula derived from the renowned Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang), has been
used to alleviate symptoms of KOA, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Objective:
This study aims to elucidate the potential therapeutic mechanisms of JDJM in treating
KOA through network pharmacology, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), molecular docking, and experimental validation in animal models.

Methods:
The active compounds of JDJM were identified through TCMSP database searches,
and their potential targets were predicted using network pharmacology. WGCNA was employed
to identify key modules and hub genes associated with KOA. Molecular docking was performed
to assess the binding affinities of key compounds to critical inflammatory targets. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to evaluate the stability of the protein-ligand complexes. An
experimental KOA model in rabbits was used to validate the therapeutic effects of JDJM. Histopathological examinations and inflammatory marker analyses were conducted to confirm the
findings.

Results:
Network pharmacology and WGCNA analyses identified 21 key targets and pathways
potentially involved in the therapeutic effects of JDJM. Molecular docking results showed that
Glyasperin C had the highest docking scores with EGF and IL-1β, followed by Stigmasterol
with IL-6, Myricanone with INS, and Sesamin with VEGFA. MD simulations confirmed the stability of these protein-ligand complexes, indicating strong and stable interactions. In the rabbit
KOA model, JDJM treatment significantly improved knee joint morphology and reduced the
levels of inflammatory markers, such as IL-6 and TNF-α. Histopathological analysis revealed reduced cartilage degradation and inflammation in the JDJM-treated group compared to controls.

Conclusion:
JDJM exhibits promising anti-inflammatory and cartilage-protective effects, making it a potential therapeutic option for KOA patients. Further experimental and clinical studies
are warranted to confirm these findings and translate them into clinical practice
A Combination of Catechin and Metformin: Its Preclinical Efficacy and Safety in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Dash Jyoshna , Pattnaik Gurudutta , Nanda Ashirbad , Ghosh Goutam , Rath Goutam , Kar Biswakanth 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
This study aimed to assess the combinational antidiabetic effect of catechin and
metformin in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Methods:
Wistar rats were chosen and divided into five groups (n=6). STZ at the dose of 55 mg/kg
was used intraperitoneally for the induction of diabetes. The combination of catechin (CTN) and
metformin (MET) was administered to diabetic rats. The changes in fasting blood sugar, body
weight, Hb, HbA1c, creatinine, lipid profiles (TC, HDL, LDL, and TG), biochemical parameters
(SGOT, SGPT, and ALP), and endogenous antioxidant parameters (SOD, GSH, and catalase) were
assessed. Histopathological study of the β-cells in islets of the pancreas, kidney tubules, and liver
cells was conducted in all groups.

Results:
The result showed a significant reduction (p < 0.001) in blood sugar in the CTN and METtreated group compared to the control group. The combination of CTN (50 mg/kg) and MET (22.5
mg/kg) significantly restored the creatinine levels and urine volumes, SGOT, SGPT, and ALP, compared to a single administration dose. The abnormal lipid profile levels (TC, LDL, TG, and HDL)
and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH, catalase) in diabetic control rats were restored to average levels in a significant manner. Histopathological results revealed significant alterations, including hypertrophy of islets and mild degeneration, renal necrosis, and inflammation of hepatocytes.

Conclusion:
The findings indicate that a combination of therapy (CTN+MET) improved the protective effect of the pancreas, kidney, and liver, suggesting that the combination shows a potential antidiabetic effect.
Effect of Semaglutide on Physical Function, Body Composition, and Biomarkers of Aging in Older Adults With Overweight and Insulin Resistance: Protocol for an Open-Labeled Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cortes Tiffany M , Vasquez Libia , Serra Monica C , Robbins Ronna , Stepanenko Allison , Brown Kevin , Barrus Hannah , Campos Annalisa , Espinoza Sara E , Musi Nicolas 
Published: July 2024

Background
Older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or prediabetes are at increased risk of adverse changes in body composition, physical function, and aging-related biomarkers compared to those with normal glucose tolerance. Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist that has been approved for T2DM and chronic weight management. Although semaglutide is effective for weight loss and T2DM management, its effects on lean body mass, physical function, and biomarkers of aging are understudied in older adults.

Objective
This study aims to compare the effects of lifestyle counseling with and that without semaglutide on body composition, physical function, and biomarkers of aging in older adults.

Methods
This is an open-label randomized controlled trial. A total of 20 adults (aged 65 years and older) with elevated BMI (27-40 kg/m2) and prediabetes or well-controlled T2DM (hemoglobin A1c 5.7%-7.5%) are recruited, stratified by sex, and randomized 1:1 to one of 2 groups (semaglutide plus lifestyle counseling vs lifestyle counseling alone) and followed up for 5 months. Those in the semaglutide group are titrated to 1 mg weekly, as tolerated, for 12 weeks. Lifestyle counseling is given by registered dietitians and based on the Diabetes Prevention Program Lifestyle Change Program. Our primary outcomes include changes in lean mass, physical function, and biomarkers of aging. Body composition is measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and includes total fat mass and lean mass. Physical function is measured by 6-minute walk distance, grip strength, and short physical performance battery. Biomarkers of aging are measured in blood, skeletal muscle, and abdominal adipose tissue to include C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factors α, and β galactosidase staining.

Results
The study was funded in December 2021 with a projected data collection period from spring 2023 through summer 2024.

Conclusions
Despite the elevated risk of adverse changes in body composition, physical function, and biomarkers of aging among older adults with glucose intolerance and elevated adiposity, the benefits and risks of commonly prescribed antihyperglycemic or weight loss medications such as semaglutide are understudied. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap to inform clinicians about the potential for additional clinically meaningful, nonglycemic effects of semaglutide.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05786521; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05786521

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/62667
Condiciones de accesibilidad a la Educación Superior. Los inicios a la vida universitaria en tiempos de post confinamiento
Authors: Sotelo Lucrecia , Arroyo Mariana , Piñero Juana de las Mercedes 
Published: July 2024

Dentro del campo de los estudios en educación, a lo largo de los últimos años, se fue consolidando como objeto de estudio: el ingreso a la universidad. Este tema es abordado por un conjunto de investigaciones desde las prácticas de aprendizaje del estudiantado - atendiendo a sus trayectorias de aprendizaje - como, desde el desarrollo de políticas educativas destinadas a la promoción y retención de la matrícula. El campo es amplio y las problemáticas que aborda también. Sin embargo, no hay dispersión; podría afirmarse que el eje central que articula estas indagaciones se sitúa en comprender la transformación de la universidad en virtud de la transformación del sujeto que allí aprende.
En virtud de lo expuesto, este documento avanza en la problematización del campo, situando la mirada en las acciones que se llevaron a cabo en torno al ingreso a la universidad durante un período del pasado reciente de la historia de nuestro país: la pandemia por COVID 19. Este recorte de la mirada se fundamenta en los cambios abruptos que se dieron en todas y cada una de las instituciones de nuestro país - y del mundo -. Por último, cabe destacar que lo que aquí se presenta forma parte de la investigación desarrollada dentro del marco del proyecto PEIDT 29/D110 convocado por la UNPA en el año 2021. Con ello, se presente realizar un aporte al campo de estudios sobre las condiciones de accesibilidad a la Universidad.
Efektivitas Daun Beluntas (Pluchea indica L.) Sebagai Insektisida Nabati Terhadap Mortalitas Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura F) Lepidoptera: Noctuidae
Authors: Doga Ikius , Susanti Diana Sri , Sembiring Jefri , Mendes Johana 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak daun beluntas (Pluchea indica L) sebagai insektisida nabati terhadap mortalitas hama Spodoptera litura. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dengan 1 kontrol dan 5 ulangan pada setiap perlakuan. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dilakukan dengan cara mengambil 300 ekor larva Spodoptera litura instar II yang telah dipelihara dan perbanyakan di laboratorium. Setiap perlakuan dilakukan 5 kali ulangan dan tiap pengulangan pada masing-masing perlakuan diujikan sebanyak 10 ekor larva Spodoptera litura instar II. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ekstrak daun beluntas (Pluchea indica L.) berpengaruh toksik terhadap serangga Spodoptera litura yang telah di uji. Jumlah rata-rata mortalitas Spodoptera litura tertinggi terjadi pada perlakuan konsentrasi 90% serta ekstrak daun beluntas (Pluchea indica L.) menunjukan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap mortalitas serangga Spodoptera litura.
Respon Tanaman Selada (Lactuca sativa) terhadap pemberian Pupuk Hayati dengan Berbagai Agen Hayati
Authors: Yelianti Upik 
Published: July 2024

This research aims to study the response of lettuce on theÂ application of a variety of biological fertilizers and biological agents. This research was conducted at the Greenhouse School of Agriculture, University of Andalas Padang, between April and September 2008. This study using Completely Randomized Design with factorialÂ of two factors. Factor I is type of biofertilizer (a1: TKTH, a2: JPTH, a3: SKCT, and a4: ATCT) and factor II is the type of biological agent (b1: FMA, b2: Pf, b3: Bb, and b4: FMA + Bb + Pf). Observation parameters include: plant height, root length, and fresh weight of lettuce. Observations show that there is interaction between biological fertilizers with different types of biological agents on the growth of lettuce. The highest plant (29.33 cm) was observed on the treatment of biological fertilizers SKCT with a mixture of biological agents (FMA + Pf + Bb).Â The longest lettuce roots was obtained on the treatment of biological fertilizersÂ SKCT with biological agents Bb, however the treatment did not differ significantly from AMF + PF + BB (19.67 versus 19:00 cm). While the heaviest of fresh lettuce (99.68 g / plant) is obtained on the treatment of ATCT biological fertilizers combined with FMA biological agent.