bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of a phyto complex on well‐being of climacteric women
Authors: Quattrocchi Tomasella , Micali Elvira , Gentile Antonino , La Ferrera Ettore Giuseppe , Barbaro Luisa , Ciarcià Stella , Corrado Francesco , Di Costa Maria , Fazio Roberto , Licenziato Roberto , Marcazzò Annamaria , Minniti Rosaria , Riccobene Rosaria , Russello Carmela Maria , Cancellieri Francesco 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to assess the effects of a phyto complex on menopausal symptoms.Material and MethodsA total of 151 women aged 42–67 years were enrolled. They were in spontaneous or surgical menopause by at least 12 months, reporting symptoms referable to the climacteric syndrome. Two validated and standardized tests were given to the whole sample at the entrance of the study (T0) and after 6 months of treatment (T6): the Greene Climacteric Scale (GCS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Interim evaluations were carried out at 1–3 months (T1 and T3) on five symptoms selected from the GCS. The phyto complex was given to each enrolled woman, from the T0 to T6 time‐points, for a total of 180 days.ResultsAt the T0 time‐point, the average scores were: GCS, 28.98 (standard deviation [SD] ± 10.71); BDI, 14.48 (SD ± 6.5). At the T1 time‐point, five parameters of the GCS were assessed with a reduction of 36.25% in symptoms (5.69, SD ± 3.53). At the T6 time‐point the assessment was completed: average GCS results were 11.54 (SD ± 8.01) with a 60.17% improvement; and average BDI results were 6.11 (SD ± 4.6) with a 58.91% improvement in the depressive symptoms.ConclusionsThe phyto complex under consideration is an effective tool to counter, in a quick and long‐lasting manner, the most common and nagging symptoms of the climacteric syndrome, such as hot flushes, insomnia and depression.
Ureterovaginal fistula after insertion of a McDonald suture: Case report and review of published reports
Authors: Ng Kai Lyn , Kale Anita Sugam , Gosavi Arundhati Tushar 
Published: February 2015

AbstractComplications associated with cerclage that are commonly described in the existing published reports include injuries to the cervix or bladder, premature rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis and bleeding. We report an unusual complication of a ureterovaginal fistula formation after the insertion of a McDonald suture.
Ocular blood flow in polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Örnek Nurgül , İnal Mikail , Tulmaç Özlem Banu , Özcan‐Dağ Zeynep , Örnek Kemal 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to evaluate whether the presence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) alters ocular blood flow parameters.Material and MethodsColor Doppler imaging of the orbital vessels was performed in 41 eyes of 41 patients with PCOS. Forty‐eight eyes of 48 age‐matched volunteers served as controls. The ophthalmic artery (OA), the central retinal artery and the posterior ciliary artery were examined. Ocular blood flow indices of the peak systolic velocity, diastolic velocity, end‐diastolic velocity, systolic/diastolic ratio, resistive index and pulsatility index were computed.ResultsThe peak systolic velocity, diastolic velocity and end‐diastolic velocity of the OA, central retinal artery and posterior ciliary artery were significantly increased in PCOS patients in comparison to the controls (all P < 0.001). The mean systolic/diastolic ratio, resistive index and pulsatility index of the OA in PCOS patients were significantly decreased (all P < 0.05). Ocular blood flow velocity was positively correlated with serum luteinizing hormone, follicle‐stimulating hormone and total cholesterol levels. There was a significant negative correlation between serum glucose and insulin levels and ocular blood flow velocity.ConclusionOcular blood flow velocity is increased in PCOS patients and vascular resistance seems to decrease only in the OA.
The adjunctive use of platelet concentrates in the therapy of gingival recessions: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Luo H.Y. , Li R.M. , Wang C.L. , Peng L. , Ye L. 
Published: February 2015

SummaryThis systematic review aims to evaluate the adjunctive efficacy of platelet concentrates in surgical treatment of gingival recessions. The MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for entries up to January 2014. Only clinical randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with a follow‐up ≥3 months that evaluated recession areas (Miller Class I or II) were included. Outcome variables include changes of recession depth (RD), keratinised tissue width (KTW), clinical attachment level (CAL) and wound healing index. Data were adjusted for a meta‐analysis. Nine researches were included in meta‐analysis. With the adjunctive use of platelet concentrates, there was statistically significant reduction in RD and KTW improvement while no significant effect was found in CAL. The adjunctive use of platelet concentrates also showed better healing in gingival recessions. Platelet concentrates might exert a positive effect on treatment of gingival recessions. It could accelerate early wound healing and reduce post‐surgery complications in recession defects. However, more high‐quality, long follow‐up and large‐scale RCTs are still needed in future.
Photoelastic Stress Distribution Produced by Different Retention Systems for a Single‐Implant Mandibular Overdenture
Authors: Nascimento João Francisco Machado , Aguiar‐Júnior Fábio Afrânio , Nogueira Túlio Eduardo , Rodrigues Renata Cristina Silveira , Leles Cláudio Rodrigues 
Published: February 2015

AbstractPurposeFor patients poorly adapted to conventional dentures, the single‐implant mandibular overdenture has been proposed as a simplified alternative for the two‐implant treatment, together with the use of immediate loading of the implant. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the photoelastic characteristics of stress transfer around the implant in a single‐implant mandibular overdenture using different types of attachments.Materials and MethodsA photoelastic model of an edentulous mandible with a resilient edentulous ridge and a unique implant located at the symphyseal region was obtained to reproduce a single implant‐retained mandibular overdenture. Six 2.0 mm height attachments were selected and inserted in the same photoelastic model in a random order. A universal testing machine was used to induce axial vertical loads of 70 Ncm applied at the central incisor and at the central region of the first right molar without contact on the contralateral side. The photoelastic analysis was performed using a polariscope integrated into the testing machine. Standard separate views were photographed, using only one model per system. A visual qualitative analysis of stress‐induced fringes was performed to comparatively rank the different attachment systems.ResultsAll attachments showed a similar tension distribution concentrated in the apical third, and the highest stress concentration was at the apical level. There was a low stress concentration at the coronal third of the implant, with no discernible stress in the first threads of the implants, except for Dalla Bona, which showed low stress at the coronal part of the implant (1 fringe). No identifiable fringes were observed when the load was applied in the molar region, which resulted from the low amount of stress transmitted by the implant for all attachments.ConclusionThe load transferred to a single mandibular implant was evenly distributed around the implant with low stress concentration, irrespective of the type of retention system.
Nutritional status of patients with ataxia‐telangiectasia: A case for early and ongoing nutrition support and intervention
Authors: Ross Lynda J , Capra Sandra , Baguley Brenton , Sinclair Kate , Munro Kate , Lewindon Peter , Lavin Martin 
Published: February 2015

AimAtaxia‐telangiectasia (A‐T) is a rare genomic syndrome resulting in severe disability. Chronic childhood disorders can profoundly influence growth and development. Nutrition‐related issues in A‐T are not well described, and there are no nutritional guidelines. This study investigated the nutrition‐related characteristics and behaviours of Australian A‐T patients attending a national clinic.MethodsA cross‐sectional analysis of 13 A‐T patients (nine females; aged: 4–23 years): nutritional status was assessed by anthropometric and body cell mass (BCM) calculations. Parents reported their child's diet history and physical and behavioural factors that affect nutrition including fatigue and need for assistance.ResultsTen (77%) had short stature (height for age z scores <−1), and seven (54%) were underweight for height (weight/height z scores <−1). Significant malnutrition (BCM z scores <−2) was detected in nine (69%) including the one adult who was severely malnourished. Malnutrition increased significantly with age (BCM for height z scores and age, r = −0.937, P < 0.001). Eight (62%) patients ate poorly compared with estimated energy requirement for weight. Poor diet quality was characterised by high fat and sugar choices. Parents reported significant nutritional barriers as chronic tiredness and the need for care giver assistance with meals.ConclusionsThis study confirms profound malnutrition in Australian A‐T patients. Poor intakes and diet quality suggest the need for early nutrition intervention. Ongoing support for families and early discussions on tube feeding are required to address changing needs in childhood and likely nutritional decline into adulthood. A prospective study is required to assess feasibility and effectiveness of nutrition interventions in young people with A‐T.
Screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in dental offices
Authors: Herman William H. , Taylor George W. , Jacobson Jed J. , Burke Ray , Brown Morton B. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractObjectivesMost Americans see dentists at least once a year. Chair‐side screening and referral may improve diagnosis of prediabetes and diabetes. In this study, we developed a multivariate model to screen for dysglycemia (prediabetes and diabetes defined as HbA1c ≥5.7 percent) using information readily available to dentists and assessed the prevalence of dysglycemia in general dental practices.MethodsWe recruited 1,033 adults ≥30 years of age without histories of diabetes from 13 general dental practices. A sample of 181 participants selected on the basis of random capillary glucose levels and periodontal status underwent definitive diagnostic testing with hemoglobin A1c. Logistic models were fit to identify risk factors for dysglycemia, and sample weights were applied to estimate the prevalence of dysglycemia in the population ≥30 years of age.ResultsIndividuals at high risk for dysglycemia could be identified using a questionnaire that assessed sex, history of hypertension, history of dyslipidemia, history of lost teeth, and either self‐reported body mass index ≥35 kg/m2 (severe obesity) or random capillary glucose ≥110 mg/dl. We estimate that 30 percent of patients ≥30 years of age seen in these general dental practices had dysglycemia.ConclusionsThere is a substantial burden of dysglycemia in patients seen in general dental practices. Simple chair‐side screening for dysglycemia that includes or does not include fingerstick random capillary glucose testing can be used to rapidly identify high‐risk patients.Practical implicationsFurther studies are needed to demonstrate the acceptability, feasibility, effectiveness, and cost‐effectiveness of chair‐side screening.
Association of environmental tobacco smoke and snacking habits with the risk of early childhood caries among 3‐year‐old Japanese children
Authors: Nakayama Yoshimi , Mori Mitsuru 
Published: February 2015

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the association of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and other risk factors with early childhood caries (ECC) in 3‐year‐old Japanese children by a cross‐sectional study.MethodsStudy subjects were 1,801 children aged 3 years old. The self‐administered questionnaire was completed by parents or guardians of the children. The survey contents included such things as if there was a smoker in the home, snack times, the kinds of snacks consumed more than or equal to four times a week, the kinds of drinks consumed more than or equal to four times a week, parents brushing their child's teeth daily, and the use of fluoride toothpaste. We obtained the number of decayed, missing, or filled teeth per person (dmft) from the dental examinations. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate odds ratio of ECC.ResultsThe average number of decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft index) was 1.00. The prevalence of dental caries was 22.4 percent. There was at least one smoker in the homes of 1,121 subjects (62.2 percent). After excluding items of multicollinearity, the results of multivariate analysis were as follows: drinking or eating sweets after dinner, irregular snack times, frequent intake of chocolate, frequent intake of sugar‐sweetened gum, frequent intake of isotonic drink, and maternal smoking were significantly associated with the risk of ECC.ConclusionsThis study suggests that there is a significant correlation between ETS from family members and snacking habits and ECC.
Tackling medication non‐adherence in severe mental illness: where are we going wrong?
Authors: Brown E. , Gray R. 
Published: February 2015

Accessible summary
Although people with schizophrenia require medication to manage symptoms such as hearing voices, most do not take it as prescribed (they are non‐adherent).
We talked to psychiatrists, nurses and pharmacists about how they work with patients to help them be better at sticking with their medication.
Although the professionals that we talked to recognized that treatment adherence was a major issue in their clinical work, they did not make best use of evidence‐based interventions to address the problem. Often their practice was based on what they believed would work (e.g. patient education) even when the research shows that way of working to be ineffective.
As far as we can determine, this is the first study to examine what interventions different mental health professionals report that they use in clinical practice to address patient's medication non‐adherence.
AbstractNon‐adherence with medication is common in patients with schizophrenia. Addressing adherence to treatment may enhance clinical outcomes. Our aim was to explore mental health professionals experience and practise managing medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia. In this qualitative study, we interviewed mental health professionals from three key groups involved in promoting adherence: pharmacists, psychiatrists and nurses. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using a thematic approach. Thirty‐five health professionals participated. From these interviews, we identified five main themes: my beliefs inform my practice; withholding information; adherence is important; who is responsible for promoting adherence?; and is it ok to pay people to take medication? Our overarching meta‐theme was that practice with regard to promoting adherence was informed by beliefs and not by evidence. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to explore different mental health professionals' approaches to working with patients who do not want to take medication. The significance of participants' personal beliefs is an important observation. Our findings suggest that to support clinicians to more effectively help patients manage their medication, it may be first necessary to challenge pre‐existing beliefs about adherence.
Re‐storying narrative identity: a dialogical study of mental health recovery and survival
Authors: Grant A. , Leigh‐Phippard H. , Short N. P. 
Published: February 2015

Accessible summary
Current UK mental health nursing policy is critiqued for neglecting the storied complexities of recovery‐survival.
Within a critical framework, creative non‐fiction is used in a relational auto‐ethnographic design to produce two short stories that demonstrate the utility of narrative re‐storying in recovery‐survival.
New insights emerge for mental health nurse practice and research. These are: that narrative re‐storying may help the recovery process for individuals and communities; that hybrid transcultural writing positively undermines barriers between professionals and consumers of mental health; and that all of this constitutes contemporary methodological innovation in narrative inquiry and related practice.
AbstractSome of the complexities of recovery and survival are arguably relatively neglected in current UK mental health nursing policy and, by association, clinical and research practice. In order to redress this, this paper, part of larger research project, will present two short stories, contextualized in a critical theoretical and methodological position. The overall significance of the argument in the paper is in its emerging benefits and implications for users of mental health services, practitioners and researchers. The central, orienting principle in the paper, cohering with all of its strands, is ‘narrative re‐storying’. Organized in three parts, the first reviews selected relevant background policy and related literature, the contextual and theoretical bases of the paper, and related methodological and ethical issues. The second presents the two stories, and the third brings the paper to a close. It does so in discussing specific and global emerging implications for mental health nursing practice and research, around narrative re‐storying as a recovery tool and methodological innovations that include ‘hybrid’ writing.
An invasive non‐native mammal population conserves genetic diversity lost from its native range
Authors: Veale A. J. , Holland O. J. , McDonald R. A. , Clout M. N. , Gleeson D.M. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractInvasive, non‐native species are one of the major causes of global biodiversity loss. Although they are, by definition, successful in their non‐native range, their populations generally show major reductions in their genetic diversity during the demographic bottleneck they experience during colonization. By investigating the mitochondrial genetic diversity of an invasive non‐native species, the stoat Mustela erminea, in New Zealand and comparing it to diversity in the species’ native range in Great Britain, we reveal the opposite effect. We demonstrate that the New Zealand stoat population contains four mitochondrial haplotypes that have not been found in the native range. Stoats in Britain rely heavily on introduced rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus as their primary prey and were introduced to New Zealand in a misguided attempt at biological control of rabbits, which had also been introduced there. While invasive stoats have since decimated the New Zealand avifauna, native stoat populations were themselves decimated by the introduction to Britain of Myxoma virus as a control measure for rabbits. We highlight the irony that while introduced species (rabbits) and subsequent biocontrol (myxomatosis) have caused population crashes of native stoats, invasive stoats in New Zealand, which were also introduced for biological control, now contain more genetic haplotypes than their most likely native source.
Comparative multilocus phylogeography of two Palaearctic spruce bark beetles: influence of contrasting ecological strategies on genetic variation
Authors: Mayer François , Piel Frédéric B. , Cassel‐Lundhagen Anna , Kirichenko Natalia , Grumiau Laurent , Økland Bjørn , Bertheau Coralie , Grégoire Jean‐Claude , Mardulyn Patrick 
Published: February 2015

AbstractWhile phylogeographic patterns of organisms are often interpreted through past environmental disturbances, mediated by climate changes, and geographic barriers, they may also be strongly influenced by species‐specific traits. To investigate the impact of such traits, we focused on two Eurasian spruce bark beetles that share a similar geographic distribution, but differ in their ecology and reproduction. Ips typographus is an aggressive tree‐killing species characterized by strong dispersal, whereas Dendroctonus micans is a discrete inbreeding species (sib mating is the rule), parasite of living trees and a poor disperser. We compared genetic variation between the two species over both beetles’ entire range in Eurasia with five independent gene fragments, to evaluate whether their intrinsic differences could have an influence over their phylogeographic patterns. We highlighted widely divergent patterns of genetic variation for the two species and argue that the difference is indeed largely compatible with their contrasting dispersal strategies and modes of reproduction. In addition, genetic structure in I. typographus divides European populations in a northern and a southern group, as was previously observed for its host plant, and suggests past allopatric divergence. A long divergence time was estimated between East Asian and other populations of both species, indicating their long‐standing presence in Eurasia, prior to the last glacial maximum. Finally, the strong population structure observed in D. micans for the mitochondrial locus provides insights into the recent colonization history of this species, from its native European range to regions where it was recently introduced.
Comparative interrogation of the developing xylem transcriptomes of two wood‐forming species: Populus trichocarpa and Eucalyptus grandis
Authors: Hefer Charles A. , Mizrachi Eshchar , Myburg Alexander A. , Douglas Carl J. , Mansfield Shawn D. 
Published: February 2015

Summary

Wood formation is a complex developmental process governed by genetic and environmental stimuli. Populus and Eucalyptus are fast‐growing, high‐yielding tree genera that represent ecologically and economically important species suitable for generating significant lignocellulosic biomass.

Comparative analysis of the developing xylem and leaf transcriptomes of Populus trichocarpa and Eucalyptus grandis together with phylogenetic analyses identified clusters of homologous genes preferentially expressed during xylem formation in both species.

A conserved set of 336 single gene pairs showed highly similar xylem preferential expression patterns, as well as evidence of high functional constraint. Individual members of multi‐gene orthologous clusters known to be involved in secondary cell wall biosynthesis also showed conserved xylem expression profiles. However, species‐specific expression as well as opposite (xylem versus leaf) expression patterns observed for a subset of genes suggest subtle differences in the transcriptional regulation important for xylem development in each species.

Using sequence similarity and gene expression status, we identified functional homologs likely to be involved in xylem developmental and biosynthetic processes in Populus and Eucalyptus. Our study suggests that, while genes involved in secondary cell wall biosynthesis show high levels of gene expression conservation, differential regulation of some xylem development genes may give rise to unique xylem properties.