bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetically Guided Microcatheter for Targeted Injection of Magnetic Particle Swarms
Authors: Torlakcik Harun , Sevim Semih , Alves Pedro , Mattmann Michael , Llacer‐Wintle Joaquim , Pinto Maria , Moreira Rosa , Flouris Andreas D. , Landers Fabian C. , Chen Xiang‐Zhong , Puigmartí‐Luis Josep , Boehler Quentin , Mayor Tiago Sotto , Kim Minsoo , Nelson Bradley J. , Pané Salvador 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe initial delivery of small‐scale magnetic devices such as microrobots is a key, but often overlooked, aspect for their use in clinical applications. The deployment of these devices within the dynamic environment of the human body presents significant challenges due to their dispersion caused by circulatory flows. Here, a method is introduced to effectively deliver a swarm of magnetic nanoparticles in fluidic flows. This approach integrates a magnetically navigated robotic microcatheter equipped with a reservoir for storing the magnetic nanoparticles. The microfluidic flow within the reservoir facilitates the injection of magnetic nanoparticles into the fluid stream, and a magnetic field gradient guides the swarm through the oscillatory flow to a target site. The microcatheter and reservoir are engineered to enable magnetic steering and injection of the magnetic nanoparticles. To demonstrate this approach, experiments are conducted utilizing a spinal cord phantom simulating intrathecal catheter delivery for applications in the central nervous system. These results demonstrate that the proposed microcatheter successfully concentrates nanoparticles near the desired location through the precise manipulation of magnetic field gradients, offering a promising solution for the controlled deployment of untethered magnetic micro‐/nanodevices within the complex physiological circulatory systems of the human body.
Mechanocatalytic Hydrogen Generation in Centrosymmetric Barium Dititanate
Authors: Du Yumeng , Sun Wei , Li Xiaoning , Hao Chongyan , Wang Jianli , Fan Yameng , Joseph Jincymol , Yang Changhong , Gu Qinfen , Liu Yun , Zhang Shujun , Cheng Zhenxiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNovel phase of nano materials that break the traditional structural constraints are highly desirable, particularly in the field of mechanocatalysis, offering versatile applications ranging from energy to medical diagnosis and treatment. In this work, a distinct layered barium dititanate (BaTi2O5) nanocrystals using a pH‐modulated hydrothermal method is successfully synthesized. These nanocrystals exhibit outstanding hydrogen generation capability (1160 µmol g−1 h−1 in pure water) and demonstrate remarkable performance in organic dye degradation using ultrasonication. The crystal structure of this newly discovered BaTi2O5 phase, is determined by a combination of synchrotron Powder Diffraction refinement and X‐ray adsorption techniques, including X‐ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) and Extended X‐ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS). Density Functional Theory calculations revealed that the newly‐discovered BaTi2O5 phase demonstrates dipole moments along the z‐axis, distributed in an antiparallel direction within a single unit cell. These inherent dipoles induce a surface polarization and a ferroelectric‐flexoelectric response under mechanical stimuli when the materials go to nano dimension. With a band alignment well‐suitable for hydrogen and reactive oxygen species generation, this BaTi2O5 phase demonstrates promising potential for Mechanocatalysis. The discovery of this distinct phase not only enriches the material candidates for mechanocatalysis but also provides valuable insights.
Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid‐based Conducting Solid Polymer Electrolytes Impede Lithium Dendrites and Impart Antioxidant Capacity in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zang Yuli , Irfan Muhammad , Yang Zeheng , Zhang Weixin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the development of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), cheaper and safer solid polymer electrolytes are expected to replace combustible organic liquid electrolytes to meet the larger market demand. However, low ionic conductivity and inadequate cycling stability impede their commercial viability. Herein, a novel flexible conducting solid polymer electrolytes (CSPEs) based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and ion‐polarized diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (P‐DETP) is developed for the first time and applied in LIBs. PVA and P‐DETP form a compact polymer network through hydrogen bonding, enhancing the thermomechanical stability of CSPE while restricting the migration of larger anions. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations confirm that P‐DETP can facilitate the dissociation of Li+‐TFSI‐ via electrostatic attraction, resulting in increased mobility of lithium ions. Additionally, P‐DETP contributes to the formation of a stable electrode‐electrolyte interface layer, effectively suppressing the growth of lithium dendrites and improving antioxidant capacity. These synergistic effects enable CSPE to exhibit remarkable properties including high ionic conductivity (2.8 × 10−4 S cm−1), elevated electrochemical potential (5.1 V), and excellent lithium transference number (0.869). Notably, the P‐DETP/LiTFSI CSPE demonstrates stable performance not only in LiFePO4 batteries but also adapts to high‐nickel ternary LiNi0.88Co0.06Mn0.06O2 cathode, highlighting its immense potential for application in high energy density LIBs.
Band Structure Engineering in 2D Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Mearini Simone , Baranowski Daniel , Brandstetter Dominik , Windischbacher Andreas , Cojocariu Iulia , Gargiani Pierluigi , Valvidares Manuel , Schio Luca , Floreano Luca , Puschnig Peter , Feyer Vitaliy , Schneider Claus Michael 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe design of 2D metal–organic frameworks (2D MOFs) takes advantage of the combination of the diverse electronic properties of simple organic ligands with different transition metal (TM) centers. The strong directional nature of the coordinative bonds is the basis for the structural stability and the periodic arrangement of the TM cores in these architectures. Here, direct and clear evidence that 2D MOFs exhibit intriguing energy‐dispersive electronic bands with a hybrid character and distinct magnetic properties in the metal cores, resulting from the interactions between the TM electronic levels and the organic ligand π‐molecular orbitals, is reported. Importantly, a method to effectively tune both the electronic structure of 2D MOFs and the magnetic properties of the metal cores by exploiting the electronic structure of distinct TMs is presented. Consequently, the ionization potential characteristic of selected TMs, particularly the relative energy position and symmetry of the 3d states, can be used to strategically engineer bands within specific metal–organic frameworks. These findings not only provide a rationale for band structure engineering in 2D MOFs but also offer promising opportunities for advanced material design.
3D‐Printed Hydrogel‐Based Flexible Electrochromic Device for Wearable Displays
Authors: Luo Xiaoyu , Wan Rongtai , Zhang Zhaoxian , Song Manting , Yan Lixia , Xu Jingkun , Yang Hanjun , Lu Baoyang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFlexible electrochromic devices (FECDs) are widely explored for diverse applications including wearable electronics, camouflage, and smart windows. However, the manufacturing process of patterned FECDs remains complex, costly, and non‐customizable. To address this challenge, a strategy is proposed to prepare integrated FECDs via multi‐material direct writing 3D printing. By designing novel viologen/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel inks and systematically evaluating the printability of various inks, seamless interface integration can be achieved, enabling streamlined manufacturing of patterned FECDs with continuous production capabilities. The resultant 3D‐printed FECDs exhibit excellent electrochromic and mechanical properties, including high optical contrast (up to 54% at 360 nm), nice cycling stability (less than 5% electroactivity reduction after 10 000 s), and mechanical stability (less than 19% optimal contrast decrease after 5000 cycles of bending). The potential applications of these 3D‐printed hydrogel‐based FECDs are further demonstrated in wearable electronics, camouflage, and smart windows.
General Post‐Regulation Strategy of AIEgens’ Photophysical Properties for Intravital Two‐Photon Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Lin Liyun , Liu Jiaxin , Pan Zhengyuan , Pang Wen , Jiang Xinyan , Lei Man , Gao Jucai , Xiao Yujie , Li Bo , Hu Fang , Bao Zhouzhou , Wei Xunbin , Wu Wenbo , Gu Bobo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFluorogens with aggregation‐induced emission (AIEgens) are promising agents for two‐photon fluorescence (TPF) imaging. However, AIEgens’ photophysical properties are fixed and unoptimizable once synthesized. Therefore, it is urgent and meaningful to explore an efficient post‐regulation strategy to optimize AIEgens’ photophysical properties. Herein, a general and efficient post‐regulation strategy is reported. By simply tuning the ratio of inert AIEgens within binary nanoparticles (BNPs), the fluorescence quantum yield and two‐photon absorption cross‐section of functional AIEgens are enhanced by 8.7 and 5.4 times respectively, which are not achievable by conventional strategies, and the notorious phototoxicity is almost eliminated. The experimental results, theoretical simulation, and mechanism analysis demonstrated its feasibility and generality. The BNPs enabled deep cerebrovascular network imaging with ≈1.10 mm depth and metastatic cancer cell detection with single‐cell resolution. Furthermore, the TPF imaging quality is improved by the self‐supervised denoising algorithm. The proposed binary molecular post‐regulation strategy opened a new avenue to efficiently boost the AIEgens’ photophysical properties and consequently TPF imaging quality.
Wet‐Spinning Carbon Nanotube/Shape Memory Polymer Composite Fibers with High Actuation Stress and Predesigned Shape Change
Authors: Li Meng , Chen Kun , Zhang Ding , Ye Ziming , Yang Zifan , Wang Qi , Jiang Zhifan , Zhang Yingjiu , Shang Yuanyuan , Cao Anyuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractActuators based on shape memory polymers and composites incorporating nanomaterial additives have been extensively studied; achieving both high output stress and precise shape change by low‐cost, scalable methods is a long‐term‐desired yet challenging task. Here, conventional polymers (polyurea) and carbon nanotube (CNT) fillers are combined to fabricate reinforced composite fibers with exceptional actuation performance, by a wet‐spinning method amenable for continuous production. It is found that a thermal‐induced shrinkage step could obtain densified strong fibers, and the presence of CNTs effectively promotes the tensile orientation of polymer molecular chains, leading to much improved mechanical properties. Consequently, the CNT/ polyurea composite fibers exhibit stresses as high as 33 MPa within 0.36 s during thermal actuation, and stresses up to 22 MPa upon electrical stimulation enabled by the built‐in conductive CNT networks. Utilizing the flexible thin fibers, various shape change behavior are also demonstrated including the conversion between different structures/curvatures, and recovery of predefined simple patterns. This high‐performance composite fibers, capable of both thermal and electrical actuation and produced by low‐cost materials and fabrication process, may find many potential applications in wearable devices, robotics, and biomedical areas.
Recent Advances in Transparent Electrodes and Their Multimodal Sensing Applications
Authors: Althumayri Majed , Das Ritu , Banavath Ramu , Beker Levent , Achim Alin M. , Ceylan Koydemir Hatice 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis review examines the recent advancements in transparent electrodes and their crucial role in multimodal sensing technologies. Transparent electrodes, notable for their optical transparency and electrical conductivity, are revolutionizing sensors by enabling the simultaneous detection of diverse physical, chemical, and biological signals. Materials like graphene, carbon nanotubes, and conductive polymers, which offer a balance between optical transparency, electrical conductivity, and mechanical flexibility, are at the forefront of this development. These electrodes are integral in various applications, from healthcare to solar cell technologies, enhancing sensor performance in complex environments. The paper addresses challenges in applying these electrodes, such as the need for mechanical flexibility, high optoelectronic performance, and biocompatibility. It explores new materials and innovative techniques to overcome these hurdles, aiming to broaden the capabilities of multimodal sensing devices. The review provides a comparative analysis of different transparent electrode materials, discussing their applications and the ongoing development of novel electrode systems for multimodal sensing. This exploration offers insights into future advancements in transparent electrodes, highlighting their transformative potential in bioelectronics and multimodal sensing technologies.
Biomimetic Hydrodynamic Sensor with Whisker Array Architecture and Multidirectional Perception Ability
Authors: Dai Huangzhe , Zhang Chengqian , Hu Hao , Hu Zhezai , Sun Haonan , Liu Kan , Li Tiefeng , Fu Jianzhong , Zhao Peng , Yang Huayong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe rapid development of ocean exploration and underwater robot technology has put forward new requirements for underwater sensing methods, which can be used for hydrodynamic characteristics perception, underwater target tracking, and even underwater cluster communication. Here, inspired by the specialized undulated surface structure of the seal whisker and its ability to suppress vortex‐induced vibration, a multidirectional hydrodynamic sensor based on biomimetic whisker array structure and magnetic 3D self‐decoupling theory is introduced. The magnetic‐based sensing method enables wireless connectivity between the magnetic functional structures and electronics, simplifying device design and endowing complete watertightness. The 3D self‐decoupling capability enables the sensor, like a seal or other organisms, to perceive arbitrary whisker motions caused by the action of water flow without complex calibration and additional sensing units. The whisker sensor is capable of detecting a variety of hydrodynamic information, including the velocity (RMSE < 0.061 m s−1) and direction of the steady flow field, the frequency (error < 0.05 Hz) of the dynamic vortex wake, and the orientation (error < 7°) of the vortex wake source, demonstrating its extensive potential for underwater environmental perception and communication, especially in deep sea conditions.
Synthesis of Branched α‐Olefins via Trimerization and Tetramerization of Ethylene
Authors: Lukas Fabian , Simon Paula A. , Dietel Thomas , Kretschmer Winfried P. , Kempe Rhett 
Published: August 2024

Abstractα‐Olefins are very important bulk and fine chemicals and their synthesis from ethylene, an abundantly available and inexpensive feedstock, is highly attractive. Unfortunately, the direct or on‐purpose synthesis of olefins from ethylene is limited to three examples, 1‐butene, 1‐hexene, and 1‐octene, all having a linear structure. Herein, the direct synthesis of 3‐methylenepentane and 4‐ethylhex‐1‐ene, branched trimerization, and tetramerization products of ethylene, respectively, is reported. Different molecular titanium catalysts, all highly active, with a selectivity toward the formation of the branched ethylene trimer or tetramer, the employment of different activators, and different reaction conditions are the key to selective product formation. The long‐time stability of selected catalysts employed permits upscaling as demonstrated for the synthesis of 4‐ethylhex‐1‐ene (52 g isolated, TON(ethylene) 10.7 · 106).
Atroposelective Synthesis of Biaryl N‐Oxides via Cu‐Catalyzed De Novo Heteroaromatic N‐Oxide Ring Formation
Authors: Ma Ke , Qi Ting , Hu Lei , Chen Chen , Wang Wan , Li Jun‐Long , Peng Cheng , Zhan Gu , Han Bo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHeteroaromatic N‐oxides, renowned for their highly polar N─O bond and robust structure, exhibit significant bioactivities and have played a pivotal role in various drug development projects since the discovery of Minoxidil. Moreover, heteroaromatic N‐oxides, featuring axially chiral biaryl frameworks, are indispensable as Lewis base catalysts and ligands in organic synthesis. Despite their importance, synthesizing these chiral compounds is challenging, necessitating chiral starting materials or resolution processes. Catalytic strategies rely on the functionalization of heteroaromatic N‐oxide compounds, leading to products with a relatively limited skeletal diversity. This study introduces a Cu‐catalyzed atroposelective method for synthesizing biaryl N‐oxides via de novo heteroaromatic N‐oxide ring formation. This mild and efficient approach achieves excellent stereoselectivities (up to 99:1 er), enabling the production of a wide array of N‐oxides with novel heteroaromatic scaffolds. The axially chiral N‐oxide product 3f demonstrates high stereoselectivity and recyclability as a Lewis base catalyst. Additionally, product 3e exhibits promising therapeutic efficacy against triple‐negative breast cancer, with IC50 values of 4.8 and 5.2 µm in MDA‐MB‐231 and MDA‐MB‐468 cells, respectively. This research not only advances the synthesis of challenging chiral heteroaromatic N‐oxides but also encourages further exploration of N‐oxide entities in the discovery of bioactive small molecules.
Discovery of PRMT3 Degrader for the Treatment of Acute Leukemia
Authors: Zou Wanyi , Li Mengna , Wan Shili , Ma Jingkun , Lian Linan , Luo Guanghao , Zhou Yubo , Li Jia , Zhou Bing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractProtein arginine methyltransferase 3 (PRMT3) plays an important role in gene regulation and a variety of cellular functions, thus, being a long sought‐after therapeutic target for human cancers. Although a few PRMT3 inhibitors are developed to prevent the catalytic activity of PRMT3, there is little success in removing the cellular levels of PRMT3‐deposited ω‐NG,NG‐asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) with small molecules. Moreover, the non‐enzymatic functions of PRMT3 remain required to be clarified. Here, the development of a first‐in‐class MDM2‐based PRMT3‐targeted Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) 11 that selectively reduced both PRMT3 protein and ADMA is reported. Importantly, 11 inhibited acute leukemia cell growth and is more effective than PRMT3 inhibitor SGC707. Mechanism study shows that 11 induced global gene expression changes, including the activation of intrinsic apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathways, and the downregulation of E2F, MYC, oxidative phosphorylation pathways. Significantly, the combination of 11 and glycolysis inhibitor 2‐DG has a notable synergistic antiproliferative effect by further reducing ATP production and inducing intrinsic apoptosis, thus further highlighting the potential therapeutic value of targeted PRMT3 degradation. These data clearly demonstrated that degrader 11 is a powerful chemical tool for investigating PRMT3 protein functions.
Directional Phase and Polarization Manipulation Using Janus Metasurfaces
Authors: Zhou Yiwen , Zhang Teng , Wang Guannan , Guo Ziqing , Zang Xiaofei , Zhu Yiming , Ding Fei , Zhuang Songlin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractJanus metasurfaces, exemplifying two‐faced 2D metamaterials, have shown unprecedented capabilities in asymmetrically manipulating the wavefront of electromagnetic waves in both forward and backward propagating directions, enabling novel applications in asymmetric information processing, security, and signal multiplexing. However, current Janus metasurfaces only allow for directional phase manipulation, hindering their broader application potential. Here, the study proposes a versatile Janus metasurface platform that can directionally control the phase and polarization of terahertz waves by integrating functionalities of half‐wave plates, quarter‐wave plates, and metallic gratings within a cascaded metasurface structure. As a proof‐of‐principle, the study experimentally demonstrates Janus metasurfaces capable of independent and simultaneous control over phase and polarization, showcasing propagation direction‐encoded focusing and polarization conversion. Moreover, the directionally focused points are utilized with distinct polarization states for advanced applications in direction‐ and polarization‐sensitive detection and imaging. This unique strategy for simultaneous phase and polarization control with direction‐dependent versatility opens new avenues for designing ultra‐compact devices with significant implications in imaging, encryption, and data storage.
Toward Diverse Plant Proteins for Food Innovation
Authors: Kim Woojeong , Yiu Canice Chun‐Yin , Wang Yong , Zhou Weibiao , Selomulya Cordelia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis review highlights the development of plant proteins from a wide variety of sources, as most of the research and development efforts to date have been limited to a few sources including soy, chickpea, wheat, and pea. The native structure of plant proteins during production and their impact on food colloids including emulsions, foams, and gels are considered in relation to their fundamental properties, while highlighting the recent developments in the production and processing technologies with regard to their impacts on the molecular properties and aggregation of the proteins. The ability to quantify structural, morphological, and rheological properties can provide a better understanding of the roles of plant proteins in food systems. The applications of plant proteins as dairy and meat alternatives are discussed from the perspective of food structure formation. Future directions on the processing of plant proteins and potential applications are outlined to encourage the generation of more diverse plant‐based products.
The potential for increased emissions due to the Electronic Logging Device mandate
Authors: Suttles Shellye , Wade Tara , Walters Lurleen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTransportation accounts for only 11% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the life cycle of food but dominates food system conversations. We use national data from the 2017 Commodity Flow Survey to explore the tension between transportation, environmental, and agri‐food policies to understand the potential impact of the Electronic Logging Device (ELD) mandate on agri‐food transportation. We estimate the change in transportation time and energy use resulting from the ELD mandate's efforts to better enforce existing transportation regulations. Our analysis finds that there will likely be an increase in resulting GHG emissions, which may alter the sustainability of on‐road agri‐food transportation.
Experimental characterization of dynamics of bed‐scale liquid spreading in a trickle bed
Authors: Saxena Devesh , Gulia Rohit S. , Augier Frederic , Haroun Yacine , Buwa Vivek V. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe report measurements performed to understand the effects of gas (QG) and liquid (QL) flow rates, surface tension (σGL), liquid viscosity (μL), and particle diameter (dp) on dynamics of local liquid spreading, pressure drop, and overall liquid holdup in a pseudo‐2D trickle bed. We show that an increase in the gas‐phase inertia leads to a decrease in the lateral liquid spreading, whereas an increase in the liquid‐phase inertia leads to an increase in the lateral liquid spreading. We also show that an increase in dp causes a reduction in the lateral liquid spreading. Using dimensionless numbers (AB and We), we propose a regime map showing contributions of different forces to the local liquid spreading. We show that the interplay between the inertia and capillary forces governs the liquid distribution near the inlet, whereas the relative contribution of gravitational force increases toward the outlet. Finally, we propose a relation between AB and We for “bed‐scale” liquid spreading.