bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Common foot and ankle disorders in pregnancy: the role of diagnostic ultrasound
Authors: Sahr Meghan E. , Grünebaum Amos , Positano Rock C. , Nwawka Ogonna K. , Chervenak Frank A. , Positano Rock G. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Foot and ankle disorders are common during pregnancy, driven by significant physiological changes including weight distribution, hormonal fluctuations, and fluid balance. These changes often result in conditions such as varicose veins, thrombophlebitis, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), edema, overpronation, ankle sprains, metatarsalgia, stress fractures, ligament tears, synovitis, tendon tears, tenosynovitis, paratenonitis, plantar fasciitis, and Morton’s neuroma. This paper emphasizes the diagnostic utility of ultrasound for these conditions, given its safety, non-invasiveness, and real-time imaging capabilities without ionizing radiation. Ultrasound is particularly effective for diagnosing venous disorders like varicose veins and thrombophlebitis, leveraging Doppler ultrasound to assess vein structure and function. It is also instrumental in identifying DVT, detecting vein dilation, reflux, and thrombosis. For conditions such as edema, ultrasound helps differentiate physiological from pathological causes, ensuring accurate diagnosis and management. In cases of musculoskeletal issues like overpronation, ankle sprains, ligament tears, and tendon pathologies, ultrasound provides detailed images of soft tissues, allowing for precise diagnosis and effective treatment planning. It is equally useful for detecting metatarsalgia, plantar fasciitis, and Morton’s neuroma, offering insights into soft tissue abnormalities and guiding therapeutic interventions. Ultrasound’s role extends to diagnosing foreign bodies in the foot and ankle, where it demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity. The accessibility and cost-effectiveness of ultrasound make it an invaluable tool in various healthcare settings, ensuring timely and accurate diagnosis and management of foot and ankle disorders during pregnancy, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life.
A comparison of recent optimization algorithms for build orientation problems in additive manufacturing
Authors: Günaydın Ahmet Can , Yıldız Ali Rıza 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Build orientation in additive manufacturing technology is a pre-process application that affects many parameters, such as the volume of the support structure, part quality, build time, and cost. Determining the optimum build orientation for one or more objectives for complex parts is an error-prone puzzle. This study evaluates the behavior of cuckoo search algorithm, differential evolution, firefly algorithm, genetic algorithm, gray wolf optimizer, Harris hawks optimization, jaya algorithm, moth flame optimizer, multi-verse optimizer, particle swarm optimization, A Sine cosine algorithm, salp swarm algorithm, and whale optimization algorithm to determine the optimum build orientation of the component to be manufactured additively. The efficiency of these algorithms is evaluated on the build orientation problem of two complex components considering undercut area and build height as objective functions. Thus, the feasibility of these algorithms for real-world additive manufacturing problems is revealed. According to results obtained from the extensive analysis, the cuckoo search algorithm is the best alternative for minimizing undercut area, considering its robustness. However, the required time to solve the problem is as much as almost twice that of other algorithms. The firefly algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm are the best alternatives for minimizing build height.
Rotating bending fatigue behavior of high-pressure diecast AlSi10MgMn alloy based on T5 heat treatment parameters
Authors: Gülmez Cemil Çağrı , Çivi Can , Eyici Gökhan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The study investigates fatigue failure, a common phenomenon in machine elements subjected to cyclic stresses. The analysis emphasizes that the actual stress experienced by materials often falls below their tensile and yield strengths due to repetitive variable stresses, leading to fatigue damage. Fatigue life is measured by the number of cycles endured before failure. This paper focuses on the aluminum alloy of AlSi10MgMn, extensively used in manufacturing due to its strength, low density, and corrosion resistance. Experimental procedures encompassed tensile testing, microstructural examination, SEM analysis, and fatigue testing. Tensile tests provided initial stress values for fatigue testing. Microstructure analyses verified that heat-treated samples exhibited precipitates. SEM analysis disclosed microstructural characteristics, while fracture surface examinations demonstrated higher fatigue resistance in heat-treated specimens. Hardness measurements were conducted, with heat-treated samples showing higher values. Theoretical calculations based on stress and cycle numbers were compared to experimental fatigue results. The derived equations aligned well with the tests. Ultimately, the study underlines the importance of heat treatment on material behavior and fatigue resistance, shedding light on alloy performance and durability enhancement.
Capacitive voltage effect at a resistive sintering system container and its electrical model
Authors: Yener Suayb Cagri , Mutlu Resat , Yener Tuba , Akbulut Hatem 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The electric current activated/assisted sintering (ECAS) method enables various kinds of materials to be produced much faster and environmentally friendly compared to conventional sample production systems. The main handicap of this system is that the heating regime varies according to the material type even the chemical composition of the same type of material and causes partial melting due to the sudden current flow. Previously, the ECAS output equivalent circuit is modeled as a temperature-dependent resistor in the literature. This study shows that it is insufficient to model the ECAS output consisting of a container and two stiffs as a resistor considering experimental waveforms. We report the discovery of a capacitive effect at the output of the ECAS system that has not been reported before. We have given an equivalent electrical circuit for the ECAS system output and examined the effect’s temperature dependence. The circuit model, which consists of a parallel resistor-capacitor (R
p-C) circuit in series with another resistor (R
s), is suggested for the container and the stiffs. By using the experimental data, the equivalent circuit parameters are calculated by curve-fitting. The temperature dependence of the equivalent circuit parameters is also examined. Possible explanations for the capacitive effect are given. Such a model and further examining the effect may help design better ECAS systems.
Tensile testing of S690QL1 HSS welded joint heterogeneous zones using small scale specimens and indentation methods
Authors: Tomerlin Damir , Kozak Dražan , Gubeljak Nenad , Pentek Ivan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The welded joints are structures with significant heterogeneity, indicated by their fundamental segmentation into base metal (BM), heat affected zone (HAZ), and weld metal (WM). The heat affected zone, having width in millimeter scale for fusion welding processes, is further segmented into several characteristic regions, having differences in grain structure and size. The microstructural heterogeneity results in significant differences in mechanical properties of individual welded joint zones. Mechanical testing of such small material volumes is inconvenient, or even impossible, using the standard size specimens proposed in testing standards. Requirement to precisely position the specimens, even ones with subsize dimensions, and investigate mechanical properties of specific narrow HAZ regions presents certain challenge. This work investigates the X welded joint of S690QL1 grade high strength steel (HSS), welded with slightly overmatching filler metal. The material tensile properties are tested, using small scale specimens and indentation methods. Small scale specimens are ASTM E8 round tensile subsize and flat sheet mini tensile specimens (MTS). The indentation methods include hardness testing and profilometry-based indentation plastometry (PIP) method, to gain additional insights into material stress–strain behavior. Finally, paper evaluates the testing methods, comparatively processes the collected experimental data, and provides guidelines for heterogeneous structures testing.
Evaluation of oxygen delignified fibers with high water absorbency, as a greener alternative to fully bleached fibers for tissue paper
Authors: Esteves Cláudia V.G. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The potential of oxygen delignified fibers to replace fully bleached fibers in tissue products was investigated on softwood pulps. The absorption, mechanical properties and softness of laboratory tissue hand sheets from one commercial fully bleached pulp and five unbleached oxygen delignified lab pulps were compared. The pulps with different lignin content and total fiber charge were evaluated with and without PFI refining. The pulps subjected to oxygen delignification resulted in pulps with much higher total fiber charge content that led to higher swelling and higher wet strength when compared to the commercial fully bleached pulp. Some unbleached oxygen delignified pulps showed great potential in the absorption capacity, while others showed a much higher wet tensile strength when compared to the commercial pulp. Compared to the commercial bleached pulp, a similar softness for a higher wet and dry tensile index in the unbleached fibers was observed for the oxygen delignified pulps. Unbleached pulps subjected to an extended oxygen delignification proved to be a suitable alternative to fully bleached pulps in tissue grades, depending on the desired property (absorption or wet strength).
Commensuration and Currency in Plato’s
Phaedo
Authors: Kamtekar Rachana 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
My aim in this paper is to show that Plato’s Phaedo makes an important contribution to the development of ideas about the commensuration in value of heterogeneous items that is needed for practical reasoning and rational choice. Because the passage I focus on, the so-called ‘right exchange’ passage at 69a-c, has not usually been read this way, I motivate the reading by showing how it resolves some puzzles local to the Phaedo concerning the stark contrast Socrates develops between the virtues of philosophers and nonphilosophers, ordinary people who do not pursue wisdom single-mindedly, applying to the latter labels like ‘strange’, ‘unreasonable’, ‘illusory’ and ‘slavish’. Socrates says that one should, and suggests that philosophers do, use wisdom as their currency whereas nonphilosophers use pleasure (and perhaps also pains, fears, etc., or bodily conditions in general) as their currency (or currencies). Although it has been generally understood that the basis for this contrast lies in how the two groups evaluate, the details have remained murky. I argue that it’s due to the properties of pleasure (or bodily conditions in general) qua measure of value, in particular pleasure’s context-dependence, that nonphilosophers’ judgements about virtue, e.g. the courage and moderation of particular acts or people, are defective in the ways Socrates says they are.
On the So-called Focal Analysis of Friendship in
Eudemian Ethics
VII.2
Authors: Watanabe Kunio 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Aristotle is believed to have introduced the focal meaning of friendship in Eudemian Ethics VII.2 and then to have formulated it more generally in Metaphysics Γ.2. Bonitz’s unjustifiable emendation of the text underscores these interpretations. This paper therefore reads the MSS and supposes that the EE passage introduces a wider focal meaning based on the theory presented in the Categories, one that does not imply referential relationships between the primary and secondary terms. This wider focal meaning can help explain disputed terms in practical philosophy, such as “friendship” and “like-mindedness,” without invoking the Form of the Good.
Picturing the Cosmos through Legal Metaphors – חקק as a Case Study
Authors: Yuan Wenxuan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article examines the Hebrew Bible’s use of legal metaphors in its depiction of the material cosmos (exemplified by the use of חקק) and compares it with the same phenomena in Mesopotamian texts (exemplified by the use of kittu). This study shows that the two metaphors are of two different types: the one around חקק is »legislative«, in which the creator-legislator imposes laws on the cosmos to ensure the regularity in its working; the one around kittu is »judicial«, in which the divine judge reveals his decision over divinatory cases truthfully through cosmic phenomena.
Physical Performance Is Affected by Players' Position, Game Location, and Substitutions During Official Competitions in Professional Championship English Football
Authors: Chaize Chloe , Allen Matt , Beato Marco 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Chaize, C, Allen, M, and Beato, M. Physical performance is affected by players’ position, game location, and substitutions during official competitions in professional Championship English football. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2024—This study aimed to verify, first, if physical parameters were different between positions during official matches in the English Football League Championship. Second, whether game location (home vs. away games) and playing status (full match vs. substitute) affected players' physical performance. Twenty-six, male, professional, football players of the same club were included in this data analysis during the 2023–24 season. STATSports 10 Hz global navigation satellite systems Apex units (Northern Ireland, United Kingdom) were used to monitor official matches (21 games). The metrics recorded were distance covered (m·min−1), high-speed running distance (>19.8 km·h−1), sprint distance (>25.2 km·h−1), the number of accelerations (>3 m·s−2), decelerations (<−3 m·s−2), and high-metabolic-load distance (HMLD) measured in meters (>25.5 w·kg−1). Significant differences were found between positions and game location for distance covered and high-speed running (HSR; p < 0.05) as well as between game location (p = 0.020) for sprinting distance. Differences were found between game location (p = 0.034) for decelerations. Differences were found between positions and game location for HMLD (p < 0.05). Significant difference between full-match players vs. substitutes were found for distance covered (p < 0.001), HSR (p = 0.002), accelerations (p = 0.017), decelerations (p = 0.023), and HMLD (p = 0.008). In conclusion, this study found that physical performance was influenced by players' positions and player status, whereas it found that game location affected a minor number of physical metrics. Therefore, practitioners should be aware that training should be tailored based on the physical demands of the players' positions. Moreover, practitioners and managers need to be aware of the positive impact of substitutions on match intensity.
Genomic characterization of an uncommon Delftia acidovorans isolate obtained from a Bulgarian immunocompetent outpatient diagnosed with bronchitis
Authors: Peykov Slavil , Gergova Raina , Atanasova Svetlana , Dimov Svetoslav G. , Strateva Tanya 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDelftia acidovorans is an aerobic, non-fermenting Gram-negative bacterium (NFGNB), found in soil, water and hospital environments. It is rarely clinically significant, most commonly affecting hospitalized or immunocompromised patients. The present study aimed to explore the genomic characteristics of a Bulgarian clinical D. acidovorans isolate (designated Dac759) in comparison to all strains of this species with available genomes in the NCBI Genome database (n = 34). Dac759 was obtained in 2021 from the sputum of a 65-year-old female immunocompetent outpatient with bronchitis. Species identification using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and phylogenomic analysis were performed. The isolate demonstrated high-level resistance to colistin (16 mg L−1); resistance to gentamicin; reduced susceptibility to piperacillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin; and susceptibility to imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, and tobramycin. The observed genome size (6.43 Mb) and GC content (66.76%) were comparable with the accessible data from sequenced D. acidovorans genomes. A limited number of resistance determinants were identified in the assembled genome as follows: blaOXA-459, emrE, oqxB, and mexCD-oprJ. The phylogenomic analysis indicated a high heterogenicity of the included D. acidovorans genomes. In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented case of a clinically relevant D. acidovorans isolate in Bulgaria. Unlike the majority of reports in the literature, Dac759 affected a patient with no malignancies or other preexisting comorbidities. With this in mind, its genome sequence is a valuable resource for the fundamental study of uncommon bacterial pathogens of public health importance.
Characterisation and biological activities of synthesised copper oxide nanoparticles from the Pimpinella anisum L. aqueous extract
Authors: Sücü S. , Demir N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNanoparticles can be synthesised by several methods. Due to the long duration, high cost, and toxic by-products of chemical and physical methods, the biological method has become more preferred. Among various sources such as bacteria, fungi, or yeast, the use of plants in biological synthesis has proven to be the most ideal. Many metals can be used in the biological method, including copper oxide (CuO). In this study, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) were synthesised using Pimpinella anisum L. aqueous extract. For characterisation of the CuONPs, UV–Visible Spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses were performed. The biological activity of the P. anisum extract and CuONPs was determined using DNA cleavage (agarose gel electrophoresis), antioxidant (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity), mutagenic (Ames/Salmonella test), and catalytic (methylene blue degradation) activities. In DNA cleavage activity test, CuONPs completely denatured DNA at high concentrations (100 and 200 μg mL−1) due to their oxidative activity. The results showed that both the extract and CuONPs have antioxidant properties in DPPH and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities. According to the mutagenicity, CuONPs did not have a mutagenic effect. In catalytic activity, CuONPs degraded methylene blue within 240 min by 99.45%.
Evaluation of physicochemical, textural, and sensory properties of reduced-fat chicken patties produced with chia flour and κ-carrageenan
Authors: Kesemen Ali Murat , Akköse Ahmet 
Published: August 2024

The effects of chia flour and κ-carrageenan on the physicochemical, textural, and sensory properties of reduced-fat chicken patties were investigated. Usage of chia flour decreased pH, while addition of κ-carrageenan increased it. Chicken patties with chia flour had higher thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and lower L*, a*, and b* values. Production stages significantly affected pH, TBARS, and color of the samples (p < 0.01); while pH, TBARS, a*, and b* values increased and L* value decreased after cooking. Adding chia flour and Kappa-carrageenan (κ-carrageenan) to reduced-fat chicken patties increased cooking yield and moisture retention while decreasing the shrinkage. Chia flour and κ-carrageenan increased hardness of samples and the highest mean value was found to be 68.70 ± 1.40 N in the group containing 8% beef fat + 4% chia flour + 5% breadcrumbs + 1% κ-carrageenan. However, adhesiveness and cohesiveness decreased by addition of chia flour and κ-carrageenan. Among the sensory properties, flavor, texture, and general acceptability were significantly affected by the addition of chia flour and κ-carrageenan (p < 0.01). Sensory properties were studied by panelist, and it was found that usage of 2% chia flour and 1% κ-carrageenan in reduced-fat chicken patties could be effective regarding product quality, health benefits, and consumer acceptance.
Algorithm of surgical treatment for diaphyseal defects of the forearm bones due to gunshot injuries
Authors: Davydov D. V. , Brizhan L. K. , Kerimov A. A. , Maksimov A. A. , Khominets I. V. , Lychagin А. V. , Gritsyuk A. A. , Arsomakov А. Z. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction In the current system of providing medical aid to wounded servicemen, along with the conservative primary surgical treatment and minimally invasive extrafocal fixation, high-tech surgical interventions of considerable complexity with the use of additive and tissue-engineering technologies have been coming to the forefront. It is necessary to determine their place in the current algorithm of limb bone defect management, which was the substantiation of our study.The purpose of the study was to improve the algorithm for selecting a treatment method for patients with associated gunshot defects of the forearm based on the literature and clinical observations.Materials and Methods We analyzed scientific articles in PubMed and Scientific Electronic Library (eLIBRARY.ru) platforms, published from 2004 to 2024, on the basis of which we could refine the algorithm of treatment method selection for patients with associated gunshot defects of the forearm. The developed algorithm was used to treat 178 patients with gunshot fractures of the forearm.Results The review of the literature established the main provisions and principles that are applied in the reconstruction of the forearm with an associated defect. When choosing the method of bone defect management, a great number of authors tend to build a “reconstructive ladder”, moving from less severe (one bone) and extended defects (small defect up to 2 cm) to more complex (both bones) and massive defect (more than 10 cm). Upon having considered the revealed regularities, we improved the algorithm of surgical treatment of the latter, which is based on two classification principles: defect extention and location. Reconstruction of the forearm as a dynamic system after diaphyseal fractures requires consider the state of the radioulnar joint. The function of the latter depends on the length ratio of the radius and ulna bones. Therefore, we substantiated small (up to 2 cm) forearm bone defects that can be managed by simple surgical methods. Another fundamental addition to the algorithm was the allocation of a patients’ group with a defect of one forearm bone and a fracture of the other bone (defect-fracture); this combination allows avoiding complex surgical methods for reconstruction and use segment shortening.Discussion The treatment of associated forearm defects is challenging, the choice of reconstruction technique remains uncertain, and the required consensus is lacking. Several forearm reconstruction techniques are available, yet there is no reliable evidence of their effectiveness in terms of treatment time, complications, reoperations, and functional recovery.Conclusion The algorithm proposed for the treatment of extensive gunshot-associated defects of the forearm allows us to consider the change in the anatomy, make a surgical plan based on the reconstruction vector, and select optimal surgical techniques.