bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EpisodicHolocene eruption of theSaltonButtes rhyolites,California, from paleomagnetic,U‐Th, andAr/Ar dating
Authors: Wright Heather M. , Vazquez Jorge A. , Champion Duane E. , Calvert Andrew T. , Mangan Margaret T. , Stelten Mark , Cooper Kari M. , Herzig Charles , Schriener Alexander 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn the Salton Trough, CA, five rhyolite domes form the Salton Buttes: Mullet Island, Obsidian Butte, Rock Hill, North and South Red Hill, from oldest to youngest. Results presented here include40Ar/39Ar anorthoclase ages,238U‐230Th zircon crystallization ages, and comparison of remanent paleomagnetic directions with the secular variation curve, which indicate that all domes are Holocene.238U‐230Th zircon crystallization ages are more precise than but within uncertainty of40Ar/39Ar anorthoclase ages, suggesting that zircon crystallization proceeded until shortly before eruption in all cases except one. Remanent paleomagnetic directions require three eruption periods: (1) Mullet Island, (2) Obsidian Butte, and (3) Rock Hill, North Red Hill, and South Red Hill. Borehole cuttings logs document up to two shallow tephra layers. North and South Red Hills likely erupted within 100 years of each other, with a combined238U‐230Th zircon isochron age of: 2.83 ± 0.60 ka (2 sigma); paleomagnetic evidence suggests this age predates eruption by hundreds of years (1800 cal BP). Rock Hill erupted closely in time to these eruptions. The Obsidian Butte238U‐230Th isochron age (2.86 ± 0.96 ka) is nearly identical to the combined Red Hill age, but its Virtual Geomagnetic Pole position suggests a slightly older age. The age of aphyric Mullet Island dome is the least well constrained: zircon crystals are resorbed and the paleomagnetic direction is most distinct; possible Mullet Island ages include ca. 2300, 5900, 6900, and 7700 cal BP. Our results constrain the duration of Salton Buttes volcanism to between ca. 5900 and 500 years.
Improved Stabilization for Continuous Dynamical Systems with Two Additive Time‐Varying Delays
Authors: Xiong Lianglin , Li Yongkun , Zhou Weihong 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis paper studies the problem of stabilization criteria for systems with two additive time‐varying delays. First, the delay‐dependent stability condition for the systems is established through computing the more general Lyapunov functional. The Lyapunov functional is constructed by making full use of the property and the information of the systems, and the condition has advantages over the existing ones in the skillful combination of the delay decomposition and the reciprocal convex approach. Second, considered to be more flexible for the controller design with the introduced positive scalar, a new controller method is presented. Finally, two examples are provided to demonstrate the advantage of the results in this paper.
Choosing Across Cultures: The Effect of Choice Complexity on Treatment Outcomes
Authors: Brown Jill A. , Oikawa Masanori , Rose Jason P. , Haught Heather M. , Oikawa Haruka , Geers Andrew L. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPrior research has revealed that having choice over treatments can improve their efficacy. However, it is currently unknown if the benefits of treatment choice hold for complex decisions and different cultures. The effects of differing numbers of treatment options were explored across two cultural contexts: United States and Japan. Participants were exposed to an uncomfortable stimulus and provided with up to 15 placebo treatment options they believed would reduce discomfort. There was a significant interaction such that participants from Japan benefited most from fewer treatment options (2 and 5) compared with more treatment options (10 and 15). Participants from the United States, however, showed either no change in discomfort or less discomfort as the number of choices increased. Additionally, participants from Japan reported less satisfaction with the decision process when they had more treatment options to choose from whereas U.S. participants reported similar, if not slightly higher, satisfaction with more treatment options. Further, a second study indicated that a positive experience with the decision process mediated the relationship between choice complexity and treatment efficacy for Japanese participants. These data demonstrate the importance of culture and choice complexity when discussing treatment choice and resulting outcomes in the medical context. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterisation of Acetyl‐CoA Thiolase: The First Enzyme in the Biosynthesis of Terpenic Sex Pheromone Components in the Labial Gland of Bombus terrestris
Authors: Brabcová Jana , Demianová Zuzana , Kindl Jiří , Pichová Iva , Valterová Irena , Zarevúcka Marie 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBuff‐tailed bumblebees, Bombus terrestris, use a male sex pheromone for premating communication. Its main component is a sesquiterpene, 2,3‐dihydrofarnesol. This paper reports the isolation of a thiolase (acetyl‐CoA thiolase, AACT_BT), the first enzyme involved in the biosynthetic pathway leading to formation of isoprenoids in the B. terrestris male sex pheromone. Characterisation of AACT_BT might contribute to a better understanding of pheromonogenesis in the labial gland of B. terrestris males. The protein was purified to apparent homogeneity by column chromatography with subsequent stepwise treatment. AACT_BT showed optimum acetyltransferase activity at pH 7.1 and was strongly inhibited by iodoacetamide. The enzyme migrated as a band with an apparent mass of 42.9 kDa on SDS‐PAGE. MS analysis of an AACT_BT tryptic digest revealed high homology to representatives of the thiolase family. AACT_BT has 96 % amino acid sequence identity with the previously reported Bombus impatiens thiolase.
A Study on the Oxygen Vacancies in ZnPd/ZnO‐Al and their Promoting Role in Glycerol Hydrogenolysis
Authors: Li Xiaoru , Zhang Chao , Cheng Haiyang , Lin Weiwei , Chang Pingjing , Zhang Bin , Wu Qifan , Yu Yancun , Zhao Fengyu 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe relationship between catalyst structure and catalytic activity is an important and challenging topic for researchers in the field of catalysis. In this work, the effect of oxygen vacancies on the activity of ZnPd/ZnO‐Al catalysts was studied in an important reaction—glycerol hydrogenolysis. Interestingly, the catalytic activity improved significantly with the addition of a small amount of Al, and high selectivity to 1,2‐propanediol (>90 %) was achieved in glycerol hydrogenolysis over ZnPd/ZnO‐Al catalysts. Importantly, the formation of oxygen vacancies benefits from the substitution of Al atoms, and the Al content in the ZnO lattice is related to the oxygen vacancies density and catalytic activity. Moreover, the important role played by oxygen vacancies in glycerol hydrogenolysis has been discussed in detail.
Development of Urea and Thiourea Kynurenamine Derivatives: Synthesis, Molecular Modeling, and Biological Evaluation as Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors
Authors: Chayah Mariem , Carrión M. Dora , Gallo Miguel A. , Jiménez Rosario , Duarte Juan , Camacho M. Encarnación 
Published: March 2015

AbstractHerein we describe the synthesis of a new family of kynurenamine derivatives with a urea or thiourea moiety, together with their in vitro biological evaluation as inhibitors of both neuronal and inducible nitric oxide synthases (nNOS and iNOS, respectively), enzymes responsible for the biogenesis of NO. These compounds were synthesized from a 5‐substituted‐2‐nitrophenyl vinyl ketone scaffold in a five‐step procedure with moderate to high chemical yields. In general, the assayed compounds show greater inhibition of iNOS than of nNOS, with 1‐[3‐(2‐amino‐5‐chlorophenyl)‐3‐oxopropyl]‐3‐ethylurea (compound 5 n) being the most potent iNOS inhibitor in the series and the most iNOS/nNOS‐selective compound. In this regard, we performed molecular modeling studies to propose a binding mode for this family of compounds to both enzymes and, thereby, to elucidate the differential molecular features that could explain the observed selectivity between iNOS and nNOS.
Exploiting the Lactose–GM3 Interaction for Drug Delivery
Authors: Murthy Raghavendra Vasudeva , Bavireddi Harikrishna , Gade Madhuri , Kikkeri Raghavendra 
Published: March 2015

AbstractProtein–protein and protein–carbohydrate interactions as a means to target the cell surface for therapeutic applications have been extensively investigated. However, carbohydrate–carbohydrate interactions (CCIs) have largely been overlooked. Here, we investigate the concept of CCI‐mediated drug delivery. Lactose‐functionalized β‐cyclodextrin (L‐β‐CD) hosting doxorubicin (Dox) was evaluated for site‐specific delivery to cancer cells via interaction with GM3, a cell‐surface carbohydrate. The host–guest complex was evaluated in B16 melanoma cells, which express exceptionally high levels of GM3, and acute monocytic leukemia (THP‐1) and mouse fibroblast (NIH‐3T3) cells, which lack GM3 on the cell surface. Doxorubicin (Dox) was delivered more efficiently into B16 cells compared with NIH‐3T3 and THP‐1 cells. In B16 cells pretreated with sialidase or sodium periodate, thus preventing CCI formation, drug uptake was significantly decreased. Taken together, the results of these studies strongly support CCI‐mediated uptake via the GM3–lactose interaction as the mechanism of controlled drug delivery.
DFT‐Aided Vibrational Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy Study of (−)‐S‐cotinine
Authors: Rodríguez Ortega Pilar G. , Montejo Manuel , Márquez Fernando , López González Juan J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe implementation of a strategy comprising the use of vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopy and DFT calculations allows determination of the solution‐state conformational distribution in (−)‐S‐cotinine, giving further proof of the extra conformer‐discriminating potential of this experimental technique, which may offer unique molecular fingerprints of subtly dissimilar molecular conformers of chiral samples. Natural bond orbital electronic structure calculations of the rotational barrier height between the two main conformers of the species indicate that hyperconjugative effects are the key force governing the conformational equilibrium. The negligible effect of the solvent’s polarity over both structure and conformational energy profile supports this result.
Explaining Level Inversion of the La and Lb States of Indole and Indole Derivatives in Polar Solvents
Authors: Brisker‐Klaiman Daria , Dreuw Andreas 
Published: March 2015

AbstractQuantum chemical methods are used to study the solvent effects on the spectra of indole and a series of methyl‐substituted indoles. We focus on the low‐lying La and Lb states and study their interplay. We find that the solvent mainly affects emission from the La state, by stabilizing its energy in its excited‐state geometry. The stabilization of the La state increases with increasing solvent polarity, which accounts for the large fluorescence shift observed in indoles and leads to an inversion in the nature of the lowest emitting state, from Lb in vacuum to La in water. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first theoretical evidence for level inversion done for a series of indoles. The underlying mechanism of level inversion is analyzed in detail. The usual interpretation of level inversion in terms of their static dipole moment is criticized and an improved predictive measurement is suggested.
An Exploration of the Reliability and Validity of the Spanish Version of the ‘Voice and You’ (VAY): A Scale for Measuring the Relationship with Voices
Authors: Perona‐Garcelán S. , Úbeda‐Gómez J. , León‐Palacios M. G. , Barros‐Albarrán M. D. , Escudero‐Pérez S. , López‐Jiménez A. M. , Vallina‐Fernández O. , Jiménez‐García‐Bóveda R. , Diez‐Alegría C. , Rodríguez‐Testal J. F. , Ruiz‐Veguilla M. , García‐Montes J. M. , Pérez‐Álvarez M. , Hayward M. 
Published: March 2015

The purpose of this study was to adapt the ‘Voice and You’ Scale (VAY) (Hayward, Denney, Vaughan, & Fowler, 2008) to Spanish and explore its psychometric properties for measuring the perceived relationship with voices. A sample of 50 psychiatric patients with verbal auditory hallucinations (48 had a psychotic disorder and two a borderline personality disorder) was used. Its reliability was calculated using the Cronbach's α and test–retest, and concurrent validity by the Pearson correlation coefficient of the VAY with the Beliefs About Voices Questionnaire and the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales. The results showed that internal consistency of the Spanish version of the VAY ranged from 0.74 to 0.84 on the various subscales, and test–retest reliability varied from 0.74 to 0.83 on three subscales (voice ‘dominance’, ‘intrusiveness’ and hearer ‘dependence’), and was lower (0.68) on the hearer ‘distance’ subscale. Concurrent validity was acceptable as significant associations were found with the Beliefs About Voices Questionnaire and the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales subscales. It is concluded that the Spanish version of the VAY is a reliable and valid instrument that can assist the exploration of voices within relational frameworks across research and clinical domains. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

The Spanish version of the VAY is a reliable, valid instrument for evaluating the perception a person can have about his or her relationship with the voices and how the person relates to them.
Voices that are perceived as relating dominantly and intrusively, and from whom distance is sought, seem to be distressing and cause disturbance.
Voices that are related to dependently are perceived as having benevolent intent and are engaged with.
Benevolent or neutral voices may be considered as intrusive because of the intensity and frequency with which they are experienced.
Nanocomposite Membranes based on Polybenzimidazole and ZrO2 for High‐Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Nawn Graeme , Pace Giuseppe , Lavina Sandra , Vezzù Keti , Negro Enrico , Bertasi Federico , Polizzi Stefano , Di Noto Vito 
Published: March 2015

AbstractOwing to the numerous benefits obtained when operating proton exchange membrane fuel cells at elevated temperature (>100 °C), the development of thermally stable proton exchange membranes that demonstrate conductivity under anhydrous conditions remains a significant goal for fuel cell technology. This paper presents composite membranes consisting of poly[2,2′‐(m‐phenylene)‐5,5′‐bibenzimidazole] (PBI4N) impregnated with a ZrO2 nanofiller of varying content (ranging from 0 to 22 wt %). The structure–property relationships of the acid‐doped and undoped composite membranes have been studied using thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, wide‐angle X‐ray scattering, infrared spectroscopy, and broadband electrical spectroscopy. Results indicate that the level of nanofiller has a significant effect on the membrane properties. From 0 to 8 wt %, the acid uptake as well as the thermal and mechanical properties of the membrane increase. As the nanofiller level is increased from 8 to 22 wt % the opposite effect is observed. At 185 °C, the ionic conductivity of [PBI4N(ZrO2)0.231](H3PO4)13 is found to be 1.04×10−1 S cm−1. This renders membranes of this type promising candidates for use in high‐temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
Soft‐switching converter with low circulating current and wide range of ZVS turn‐on
Authors: Lin Bor‐Ren , Nian Yu‐Bin 
Published: March 2015

SummaryIn this paper, a new hybrid dc–dc converter with low circulating current within the freewheeling interval, wide range of zero‐voltage switching and reduced output current ripple is presented. The proposed hybrid circuit includes two three‐level pulse‐width modulation converters and a series resonant converter with the shard lagging‐leg switches. Series resonant converter is operated at fixed switching frequency (close to series resonant frequency) to extend the zero‐voltage switching range of lagging‐leg switches. The output of series resonant converter is connected to the secondary sides of three‐level converters to produce a positive rectified voltage instead of zero voltage. Hence, the output inductances can be reduced. The reflected positive voltage is used to decrease the circulating current to zero during the freewheeling interval. Therefore, the circulating current losses in three‐level converters are improved. Finally, experiments are presented for a 1.44 kW prototype circuit converting 800 V input to an output voltage 24 V/60A. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
pH‐Responsive and CO2‐responsive vesicles can be formed by N‐decylimidazole
Authors: Zheng Zhibo , Liu Chenyu , Qiao Weihong 
Published: March 2015

Responsive vesicles have attracted great attention because they can undergo reversible changes in response to external stimuli and possess prospective applications in different environments. A pH‐responsive and CO2‐responsive vesicle formed by N‐decylimidazole was prepared. By dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), it is shown that spherical vesicles are formed spontaneously in N‐decylimidazole aqueous solution at pH 5.8∼6.2. By HCl/NaOH adjustment, the vesicle radius increases from 73.8 to 100.8 nm as the solution pH increases from 5.8 to 6.2. By CO2/Ar adjustment, the vesicles also can be formed in N‐decylimidazole aqueous solution at suitable pH. The CO2‐responsive vesicle can be repeatedly formed without change of vesicle size.Practical applications: The vesicles can be spontaneously formed in N‐decylimidazole aqueous solution at pH 5.8∼6.2 either by HCl/NaOH adjustment or CO2/Ar stimuli. Therefore, they can be used as pH‐responsive or CO2‐responsive vesicles for potential applications in drug‐delivery, size‐selective release, biochemical reactions, and so on.In order to fabricate pH‐responsive and CO2‐responsive vesicles, the authors studied vesicle formation using N‐decylimidazole, by HCl/NaOH or CO2/Ar adjustment. These vesicles have potential applications in drug delivery and other biochemical applications.
Diastereoselective Overman Rearrangement of an L‐Ascorbic‐Acid‐Derived Allylic Alcohol: Application in the Synthesis of (+)‐1,2‐Di‐epi‐swainsonine and a Tetrahydroxypyrrolizidine
Authors: Rajasekaran Parasuraman , Ansari Alafia A. , Vankar Yashwant D. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractDifferently substituted ascorbic‐acid‐derived allylic alcohols were used to study the Overman rearrangement under thermal and palladium‐catalysed conditions. It was found that protection of the δ alcohol substituent as a a tert‐butyldimethylsilyl ether followed by Overman rearrangement using PdCl2(MeCN)2 and p‐benzoquinone at room temperature gave the best yield of the rearranged product in a highly diastereoselective manner. This rearrangement has been applied in the synthesis of (+)‐1,2‐di‐epi‐swainsonine and a tetrahydroxypyrrolizidine.
Whatever happened to Kony2012? Understanding a global Internet phenomenon as an emergent social identity
Authors: Thomas Emma F. , McGarty Craig , Lala Girish , Stuart Avelie , Hall Lauren J. , Goddard Alice 
Published: March 2015

AbstractKony2012 was a viral Internet video that attracted unprecedented online interest in promoting a campaign to arrest the leader of an African militant group. The current research considers the social psychological bases of social media‐based collective action. In three cross‐sectional surveys (N = 304) collected before, on, and after the key action date of 20 April 2012, we consider the nature (opinion based or global) and function (emergent or transforming) of social identity in modern forms of social action. Multigroup structural equation modelling showed that Kony2012 action was best captured by an emergent opinion‐based social identity. Moreover, the same factors that predicted Kony2012 action generally also predicted engagement in new repertoires of protest (involving the use of social media) and an observable traditional socio‐political action (signing a letter to a government minister). The results suggest that there is no sharp dividing line between traditional and new forms of collective action and that both may be understood as valid expressions of collective selfhood. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simultaneous Determination of Ascorbic Acid, Dopamine and Uric Acid, at a Graphene Paste Electrode Modified with Functionalized Graphene Sheets
Authors: Parvin Mohammad Hadi 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe present study reports the simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0) using graphene paste electrode modified with functionalized graphene sheets (GPE‐MFGSs). The presence of FGS inhibited the adsorption of AA owing to the electrostatic repulsion, but was favorable for the affinity adsorption of DA and UA via the ion exchange and hydrogen bonding mechanisms, respectively. This led to the decrease in the oxidation potential of AA and the significantly enhanced oxidation peak currents of DA and UA at the GPE‐MFGSs. By cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry, the oxidation potentials of AA, DA, and UA, at the GPE‐MFGSs in a ternary mixture were found to be well resolved so that their simultaneous determination could be achieved. Furthermore, the influence of some experimental variables such as graphene paste composition, working solution pH, scan rate and pulse amplitude was studied. In addition, by differential pulse voltammetry, the linear dependence of peak current on the concentration was obtained in the ranges of 0.05–9.0, 0.03–13, and 0.03–5.5 µM with the lowest detection limits of 0.02, 0.01, and 0.01 µM for AA, DAand UA, , respectively.
Geochemical Characterization of Irati And Palermo Formations (Paraná Basin–Southern Brazil) for Shale Oil/Gas Exploration
Authors: da S. Ramos Alessandro , Rodrigues Luiz F. , de Araujo Gabriel E. , Pozocco Caroline T. M. , Ketzer João M. M. , Heemann Roberto , Lourega Rogerio V. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractShale gas/oil currently are two of the most important unconventional energy resources. Their exploitation has caused an energy revolution in USA, and many countries are investing in it. Brazil has large areas covered with sedimentary basins, but little attention has been devoted to the study of shale containing oil and gas. The parameters analyzed and studied for geochemical data evaluation are: clay mineral identification, mineral matter analysis, elemental analysis (including total organic carbon, total carbon, H, N, and S), and the methane adsorption capacity of shale. Adsorption in Palermo Formation samples (depth 238.5 m) was 13.72 cm3 g−1 and for samples from Irati Formation (depth 218.45, 95.3, and 107.5 m) 11.73, 6.17, and 4.61 cm3 g−1.
Predictors of Outcome for Cognitive Behaviour Therapy in Binge Eating Disorder
Authors: Lammers Mirjam W. , Vroling Maartje S. , Ouwens Machteld A. , Engels Rutger C. M. E. , van Strien Tatjana 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe aim of this naturalistic study was to identify pretreatment predictors of response to cognitive behaviour therapy in treatment‐seeking patients with binge eating disorder (BED; N = 304). Furthermore, we examined end‐of‐treatment factors that predict treatment outcome 6 months later (N = 190). We assessed eating disorder psychopathology, general psychopathology, personality characteristics and demographic variables using self‐report questionnaires. Treatment outcome was measured using the bulimia subscale of the Eating Disorder Inventory 1. Predictors were determined using hierarchical linear regression analyses. Several variables significantly predicted outcome, four of which were found to be both baseline predictors of treatment outcome and end‐of‐treatment predictors of follow‐up: Higher levels of drive for thinness, higher levels of interoceptive awareness, lower levels of binge eating pathology and, in women, lower levels of body dissatisfaction predicted better outcome in the short and longer term. Based on these results, several suggestions are made to improve treatment outcome for BED patients. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.