bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning the morphologies of SiC nanowires via the change of the CoxSiy melts
Authors: Chen J. J. , Pan Y. , Tang W. H. , Shi Q. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
SiC nanowires and SiC/SiO2 core-shell structural nanowires were synthesized via a simple thermal evaporation of CoxSiy melts at the temperature of 1500°C. The morphologies and yields of those SiC nanowires can be tuned by altering the composition of CoxSiy. Nanowires obtained by thermal evaporation of CoSi are composed of SiC/SiO2 core-shell nanostructures with lengths up to several hundreds of micrometers, diameters of 40∼50 nm, and the thickness of amorphous SiO2 wrapping shell about 20 nm. SiC nanowires prepared by thermal evaporation of CoSi2 and Co2Si melt are found to be hexagonal-prism-shaped nanorods, and the diameter of those nanorods is about 150 nm and the length is about 10 microns. All the SiC nanowires obtained possess [111] preferred growth direction with a high density stacking faults and twin defects. Taking into consideration the binary alloy diagram of CoSi and the participation of oxygen, we propose the vapor-solid growth mechanism of SiC nanowires and discuss the effect of the supersaturation of SiO on the morphology and yields of SiC nanowires.
Fabrication and characteristics of nitrogen-doped nanocrystalline diamond/p-type silicon heterojunction
Authors: Lu D. , Li H. D. , Cheng S. H. , Yuan J. J. , Lv X. Y. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Nitrogen-doped nanocrystalline diamond films (N-NDFs) have been deposited on p-type silicon (Si) by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition. The reaction gases are methane, hydrogen, and nitrogen without the conventional argon (Ar). The N-NDFs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The grain sizes are of 8∼10 nm in dimension. The N-NDF shows n-type behavior and the corresponding N-NDF/p-Si heterojunction diodes are realized with a high rectification ratio of 102 at ∼ 7.8 V, and the current density reaches to 1.35 A/cm2 at forward voltage of 8.5 V. The findings suggest that fabricated by CH4/H2/N2 without Ar, the N-NDFs and the related rectifying diodes are favorable for achieving high performance diamond-based optoelectronic devices.
The model developed for stress-induced structural phase transformations of micro-crystalline silicon films
Authors: Han Chang-Fu , Lin Jen-Fin 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The nanoindentations were applied to island-shaped regions with metal-induced Si crystallizations. The experimental stress-strain relationship is obtained from the load-depth profile in order to investigate the critical stresses arising at various phase transitions. The stress and strain values at various indentation depths are applied to determine the Gibbs free energy at various phases. The intersections of the Gibbs free energy lines are used to determine the possible paths of phase transitions arising at various indentation depths. All the critical contact stresses corresponding to the various phase transitions at four annealing temperatures were found to be consistent with the experimental results.
Synthesis of silver nanoparticles by Lactobaciluus acidophilus 01 strain and evaluation of its in vitro genomic DNA toxicity
Authors: Namasivayam S. Karthick Raja , Gnanendra E. Kumar , Reepika R. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Silver nanoparticles synthesized by dried biomass of Lactobaciluus acidophilus 01 strain was evaluated against toxicity of genomic DNA isolated from bacteria (E. coli) fungi (Beauveria bassiana) algae (Seenedesmus acutus) and human blood adopting standard condition was discussed in the present study. Synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy and SEM. The UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed the formation of silver nanoparticles by yielding the typical silver plasmon absorption maxima at 430 nm and SEM micrograph indicates the uniform spherical particles within the size range of 45∼60 nm. The energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) of the nanoparticle confirmed the presence of elemental silver signal as strong peak. The above synthesized silver nanoparticles didn’t cause any toxic effect on all the tested genomic DNA at all tested concentrations which reveals nil genomic nanoparticles induced toxicity.
Passivated ZnSe nanocrystals prepared by hydrothermal methods and their optical properties
Authors: Peng Lingling , Wang Yuhua , Dong Qizheng , Wang Zhaofeng 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Homogeneous ZnSe nanocrystals were prepared via surfactant-assisted hydrothermal method. Surfactants agent CTAB was used to control the particle morphology and the growth rate. The structure, morphology and optical properties of ZnSe nanocrystals have been investigated by XRD, TEM and luminescence spectroscopy. The results indicated that the size of ZnSe nanocrystals ranged from 3.0 nm to 5.0 nm with cubic zinc blende structure. ZnSe nanocrystals coated by CTAB were revealed high dispersibility and distribution under TEM. Compared to the bulk ZnSe, the absorption edges and photoluminescence peaks of ZnSe nanocrystals were blue shifted to higher energies due to the quantum confinement effect. The emission intensity was strengthened after coated CTAB compared to bare sample. This was mainly due to the surface passivation. Meanwhile, we simply explored the formation mechanism of ZnSe nanocrystal in hydrothermal system.
Towards the low temperature growth of uniform diameter multi walled carbon nanotubes by catalytic chemical vapour deposition technique
Authors: Somanathan Thirunavukkarasu , Pandurangan Arumugam 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Mesoporous MCM-41 molecular sieves containing f-block transition elements (gadolinium) with various Si/Gd ratios (50, 75 and 100) were synthesised by a hydrothermal method. Their mesoporous structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen sorption studies, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The local environment of Gd in the material was studied by electron paramagnetic resonance. The compatibility of the catalyst for the synthesis of uniform diameter CNTs by varying the temperature from 400 to 650°C with fixed flow rates of N2 and C2H2 (140 ml/min and 40 ml/min, respectively). The product is mostly metal containing thin MWCNTs with diameter of 10∼20 nm. Characterisation shows that a combination of Gd-MCM-41 (100) catalyst gives a high yield of high quality MWCNTs under optimum growth conditions.
Nano-Molecular Junctions on STM Tips
Authors: Huang Chun , Yang Jianshu 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
We present a technique for metal-organic-metal junctions, which contain ten or fewer conjugated molecules between each of such junction, and the investigations of the I–V response of these junctions. The junctions are made by self assembling thiolated molecules onto gold coated tips for use in scanning tunneling microscopy. We show that this easy technique probes the qualitative properties of the molecules. Current-voltage characteristics of a Tour wire and a new molecular rectifier are presented.
Synthesis and Thermal Behavior of Metallic Cobalt Micro and Nanostructures
Authors: Montiel Marlene González , Santiago-Jacinto P. , Góngora J. A. I. Díaz , Reguera E. , Rodríguez-Gattorno Geonel 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this contribution, a comparative study of metallic cobalt micro and nanoparticles obtained in solution by four different chemical routes is reported. Classic routes such as borohydride reduction in aqueous media and the so-called polyol methodology were used to obtain the cobalt nanostructures to be studied. Using CTAB as surfactant, cobalt hollow nanostructures were obtained. The use of strong reducing agents, like sodium borohydride, favors the formation of quasi-monodispersed nanoparticles of about 2 nm size but accompanied with impurities; for hydrazine (a mild reducer), nanoparticles of larger size are obtained which organize in spherical microagglomerates. Valuable information on the particles thermal stability and on nature of the species anchored at their surface was obtained from thermogravimetric curves. The samples to be studied were characterized from UV-vis, IR, X-ray diffraction, and electron microscopy images (scanning and transmission).
Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of Fe-doped TiO2 Supported on Hollow Glass Microbeads
Authors: Zhao Wenyan , Fu Wuyou , Yang Haibin , Tian Chuanjin , Li Minghui , Ding Juan , Zhang Wei , Zhou Xiaoming , Zhao Hui , Li Yixing 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn this paper, Fe-doped TiO2photocatalyst supported on hollow glass microbeads (Fe-TiO2/beads) is prepared by dip-coating method, which uses hollow glass microbeads as the carriers and tetrabutylorthotitanate [Ti(OC4H9)4] as the raw material. The phase structure, ingredient, morphologies, particle size and shell thickness of the products are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The feasibility of photocatylic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under illumination of UV-vis light is studied. The results show that the core-shell structure catalyst is composed of Fe-doped anatase TiO2and hollow glass microbeads, and the catalytic activity of the TiO2is markedly enhanced by Fe ion doping. The optimum concentration of Fe ion is 0.1% (molecular fraction) in the precursor and the photocatalytic activity can be increased to 98% compared with that of the undoped one. The presence of ferrum elements neither influences the transformation of anatase to rutile, nor creates new crystal phases. The possible mechanism of photocatalytic oxidation is also discussed.
Shape-controlled Synthesis of Porous SnO2 Nanostructures via Morphologically Conserved Transformation from SnC2O4 Precursor Approach
Authors: Wang Qihua , Wang Dewei , Wang Tingmei 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Porous SnO2 nanostructures with controlled shapes were synthesized by a facile morphologically conserved transformation from SnC2O4 precursor approach. Well-defined SnC2O4 nanostructures can be obtained through a solution-based precipitation process at ambient conditions without any surfactant. The formation mechanism of such microstructures was tentatively proposed on the basis of intrinsic crystal structure and the reaction conditions. We found that the morphologies of precursor were well maintained while numerous pores were formed during the annealing process. The combined techniques of X-ray diffraction, nitrogen absorption-desorption, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and (high-resolution) transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the as-prepared SnO2 products. Moreover, cyclic voltammetry (CV) study shows that the shape of CV presents a current response like roughly rectangular mirror images with respect to the zero-current line without obvious redox peaks, which indicating an ideal capacitive behavior of the SnO2 electrodes. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum study suggests that the as-obtained porous SnO2 nanostructures might have a large number of defects, vacancies of oxygen, and local lattice disorder at the interface, interior and exterior surfaces.
Synthesis and Electrical Properties of TiO2 Nanoparticles Embedded in Polyamide-6 Nanofibers Via Electrospinning
Authors: Nirmala R. , Jeong Jin Won , Navamathavan R. , Kim Hak Yong 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
We report on the synthesis and characterizations of TiO2 nanoparticles embedded in polyamide-6 composite nanofibers by using electrospinning technique. The influence of substrate on the electrical characteristics of polyamide-6/TiO2 composite nanofibers was investigated. The resultant nanofibers exhibit good incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles. The doping of TiO2 nanoparticles into the polyamide-6 nanofibers were confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Photoluminescence (PL) and cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy were also used to characterize the samples. The PL and CL spectra reveal that the as-spun polyamide-6/TiO2 composite nanofibers consisted of overlapping of two broad emission bands due to the contribution of polyamide-6 (centered at about 475 nm), which might originate from organic functional groups of polyamide-6 and TiO2 nanoparticles (centered around 550 nm). The electrical conductivity of the polyamide-6/TiO2 composite nanofibers on different substrates was carried out. It was found that the electrical conductivity of the polyamide-6/TiO2 composite nanofibers on silicon substrate was in the range of 1∼3 μA, and about 1 to 20 pA for the paper and glass substrates.
Synthesis and Characterization of CaF2 Nanoparticles with Different Doping Concentrations of Er3+
Authors: Song Jinghong , Zhi Guanglin , Zhang Yan , Mei Bingchu 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The calcium fluoride nanoparticles with a variety of doping amounts of erbium ions were prepared by CTAB/C4H9OH/C7H16/H2O reverse micro-emulsion method. The nanoparticles were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), absorption and fluorescence spectra. The XRD patterns indicated a typical cubic fluorite structure and no other impurities. The TEM results showed one kind of particles with uniform grain size and without agglomeration were synthesized. The FTIR spectra revealed that there were some amounts of -OH, NO
3
−
and organic groups absorbed on the surfaces of the particles before being annealed. The absorption spectra presented many absorption peaks and bands corresponding to the rich energy levels of erbium ion. The Red-Shift of absorption bands and Blue-Shift of fluorescence peak could attribute to the weakened energy level split as a result of the decrease in crystal field strength.
One-Step Cutting of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Using Nanoscissors
Authors: Zhao Jiang , Liu Ping , Yang Zhi , Zhou Peng , Zhang Yafei 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
A novel, simple and effective one-step method has been developed to cut the conventional long and entangled multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with nanoscissors. The cutting process was carried out by the interactive collision of CNTs with the silicon carbide particles adhered on the abrasive papers. The final cut nanotubes have an average length of 200∼300 nm. The statistical length distribution result indicates that cutting by this method achieves high cutting efficiency for short duration of 2 min. Shortened nanotubes are found to be easily dispersed into aqueous and ethanol solutions. The cut MWCNTs/copper composite thin film fabricated by combined electrophoresis and electroplating techniques reveals that MWCNTs after cutting are well distributed and adhered to the Cu matrix. This method is not only fast and efficient but also no chemical waste, which will expand many potential applications of CNTs.
Conductivity Study of Polyaniline-Cobalt Ferrite (PANI-CoFe2O4) Nanocomposite
Authors: Tanrıverdi E. E. , Uzumcu A. T. , Kavas H. , Demir A. , Baykal A. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this investigation, the structural and electrical properties of nanocomposites of polyaniline (PANI) and cobalt ferrite synthesized by hydrothermal route are reported for the first time (with weight ratios of CoFe2O4/PANI 1:2 and 2:1). Synthesized nanomaterials have been characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM and TEM techniques. FT-IR results confirm the presence of CoFe2O4 and PANI in the samples. Their detailed conductivity measurements have been investigated. It has been found that PANI has a more effective conducting mechanism in CoFe2O4-PANI composites. These results are also consistent with the change in AC conductivity orders in composites.
The Effect of Condensation on the Morphology and Magnetic Properties of Modified Barium Hexaferrite (BaFe12O19)
Authors: Durmus Z. , Sozeri H. , Toprak M. S. , Baykal A. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
We present a comparison for the effect of condensation on the morphology and magnetic properties of oleic acid modified BaFe12O19 nanoparticles. Two different samples of BaFe12O19 nanoparticles were synthesized by dehydration (Z1) and rotary evaporation (Z2) method, respectively. Oleic acid was used as the surface modification agent to observe the morphological and magnetic changes. The nanoparticles were analyzed by XRD, FTIR, TGA, SEM, and VSM techniques for structural and physicochemical characteristics. Crystallographic analysis reveals the phase as hexaferrite and the average crystallite size of Z1 and Z2 is 21±3 nm and 17±2 nm, respectively. Rotary evaporator accelerates the condensation process in viscous gel (Z2). Due to the use of rotary evaporator, the coating with oleic acid for Z2 product has been accomplished very well, as compared with Z1. As a result, saturation magnetization of Z2 sample is much lower than that of Z1 sample.
Synthesis of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes/ZnO Nanocomposites using Absorbent Cotton
Authors: Qu Jiao , Luo Chunqiu , Cong Qiao 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
This letter focuses on the synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and MWNTs/ZnO nanocomposites using absorbent cotton. The MWNTs have been synthesized by a rapid heating of absorbent cotton at different temperature (400°C, 550°C, 600°C). The MWNTs/ZnO nanocomposites have been synthesized by heating mixtures of Zn(OH)2/H2O/absorbent cotton at different temperature (at about 550°C and 600°C). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) clearly show that the pure MWNTs and ZnO nanocomposites (with a mean size of 35.9 nm) were synthesized. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images demonstrate that the structure of synthesized MWNTs was middle-hollow, with inner and outer diameter of around 10 and 80 nm. The ZnO nanocomposites that had grown on the walls of MWNTs were nonuniform and agglomerated, with an outer diameter of around 110 nm. The selected area diffraction (SAD) patterns and Raman spectrum indicate that the MWNTs were well-crystallised, and there are a few defects in the walls. Infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR) spectra suggest that the surface of MWNTs has been covered by ZnO.
Injector Quantum Dot Molecule Infrared Photodetector: A Concept for Efficient Carrier Injection
Authors: Gebhard Thomas 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Quantum dot infrared photodetectors are expected to be a competitive technology at high operation temperatures in the long and very long wavelength infrared spectral range. Despite the fact that they already achieved notable success, the performance suffers from the thermionic emission of electrons from the quantum dots at elevated temperatures resulting in a decreasing responsivity. In order to provide an efficient carrier injection at high temperatures, quantum dot infrared photodetectors can be separated into two parts: an injection part and a detection part, so that each part can be separately optimized. In order to integrate such functionality into a device, a new class of quantum dot infrared photodetectors using quantum dot molecules will be introduced. In addition to a general discussion simulation results suggest a possibility to realize such adevice.
Nanoimprint Lithography: A Processing Technique for Nanofabrication Advancement
Authors: Zhou Weimin , Min Guoquan , Zhang Jing , Liu Yanbo , Wang Jinhe , Zhang Yanping , Sun Feng 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is an emerging micro/nano-patterning technique, which is a high-resolution, high-throughput and yet simple fabrication process. According to International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductor (ITRS), NIL has emerged as the next generation lithography candidate for the 22 nm and 16 nm technological nodes. In this paper, we present an overview of nanoimprint lithography. The classfication, research focus, critical issues, and the future of nanoimprint lithography are intensively elaborated. A pattern as small as 2.4 nm has been demonstrated. Full-wafer nanoimprint lithography has been completed on a 12-inch wafer. Recently, 12.5 nm pattern resolution through soft molecular scale nanoimprint lithography has been achieved by EV Group, a leading nanoimprint lithography technology supplier.
Effective Doping of Rare-earth Ions in Silica Gel: A Novel Approach to Design Active Electronic Devices
Authors: Haranath D. , Mishra Savvi , Joshi Amish G. , Sahai Sonal , Shanker Virendra 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Eu3+ luminescence spectroscopy has been used to investigate the effective doping of alkoxide-based silica (SiO2) gels using a novel pressure-assisted sol-gel method. Our results pertaining to intense photoluminescence (PL) from gel nanospheres can be directly attributed to the high specific surface area and remarkable decrease in unsaturated dangling bonds of the gel nanospheres under pressure. An increased dehydroxylation in an autoclave resulted in enhanced red (∼611 nm) PL emission from europium and is almost ten times brighter than the SiO2 gel made at atmospheric pressure and ∼50°C using conventional Stöber-Fink-Bohn process. The presented results are entirely different from those reported earlier for SiO2:Eu3+ gel nanospheres and the origin of the enhanced PL have been discussed thoroughly.
Mg(OH)2 Nanorods Synthesized by A Facile Hydrothermal Method in the Presence of CTAB
Authors: Dhaouadi Hassouna , Chaabane Hedia , Touati Fathi 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) nanorods were synthesized by a simple and facile hydrothermal method in the presence of cetyltetramethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a surfactant. Nanorods of magnesium oxide MgOwere also induced by thermal decomposition of Mg(OH)2 nanorods at 700°C, By using disk diffusion technique, the Mg(OH)2 nanorods were found to exhibit higher antibacterial efficiency against several tested bacterial strains.
Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Surfaces on Aluminum Alloy Via Electrodeposition of Copper Followed by Electrochemical Modification
Authors: Huang Ying , Sarkar D. K. , Chen X-Grant 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Superhydrophobic aluminum surfaces have been prepared by means of electrodeposition of copper on aluminum surfaces, followed by electrochemical modification using stearic acid organic molecules. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the electrodeposited copper films follow “island growth mode” in the form of microdots and their number densities increase with the rise of the negative deposition potentials. At an electrodeposition potential of −0.2 V the number density of the copper microdots are found to be 4.5×104 cm−2 that are increased to 2.9×105 cm−2 at a potential of −0.8 V. Systematically, the distances between the microdots are found to be reduced from 26.6 μm to 11.03 μm with the increase of negative electrochemical potential from −0.2V to −0.8V. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses have confirmed the formation of copper stearate on the stearic acid modified copper films. The roughness of the stearic acid modified electrodeposited copper films is found to increase with the increase in the density of the copper microdots. A critical copper deposition potential of −0.6V in conjunction with the stearic acid modification provides a surface roughness of 6.2 μm with a water contact angle of 157°, resulting in superhydrophobic properties on the aluminum substrates.