bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autistic Traits in Children With and Without ADHD
Authors: Kotte Amelia , Joshi Gagan , Fried Ronna , Uchida Mai , Spencer Andrea , Woodworth K. Yvonne , Kenworthy Tara , Faraone Stephen V. , Biederman Joseph 
Published: August 2013

OBJECTIVE:
To assess the implications of autistic traits (ATs) in youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) without a diagnosis of autism.

METHODS:
Participants were youth with (n = 242) and without (n = 227) ADHD and controls without ADHD in whom a diagnosis of autism was exclusionary. Assessment included measures of psychiatric, psychosocial, educational, and cognitive functioning. ATs were operationalized by using the withdrawn + social + thought problems T scores from the Child Behavior Checklist.

RESULTS:
A positive AT profile was significantly overrepresented among ADHD children versus controls (18% vs 0.87%; P &lt; .001). ADHD children with the AT profile were significantly more impaired than control subjects in psychopathology, interpersonal, school, family, and cognitive domains.

CONCLUSIONS:
A substantial minority of ADHD children manifests ATs, and those exhibiting ATs have greater severity of illness and dysfunction.
Nurse and Physician Agreement in the Assessment of Minor Blunt Head Trauma
Authors: Nigrovic Lise E. , Schonfeld Deborah , Dayan Peter S. , Fitz Brianna M. , Mitchell Shannon R. , Kuppermann Nathan 
Published: August 2013

OBJECTIVE:
The Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) traumatic brain injury (TBI) clinical prediction rules identify children with minor blunt head trauma who are at low risk for clinically important traumatic brain injuries. We measured the agreement between the registered nurse (RN) and physician (MD) assessments.

METHODS:
We performed a cross-sectional study of all children &lt;18 years of age with minor blunt head trauma who presented to a single emergency department. RNs and MDs independently assessed each child and recorded age-based PECARN predictors. As symptoms can change over time, we included cases only when both evaluations were completed within 60 minutes. We used the κ statistic to measure RN-MD agreement, with the main analysis focusing on the overall PECARN rule agreement.

RESULTS:
Of the 1624 eligible children, 1191 (73%) had evaluations completed by both RN and ED providers, of which 437 (37%) were in children &lt;2 years of age. The median time between completions of the provider forms was 12 minutes (interquartile range 4–25 minutes). The overall agreement between the RN and MD was higher for the older children (κ 0.55, 95% confidence interval 0.49–0.61 for children 2–18 years versus κ 0.32, 95% confidence interval 0.23–0.41 for children &lt;2 years).

CONCLUSIONS:
The overall agreement between RN and MD for the PECARN TBI prediction rules was moderate for older children and fair for younger children. Initial RN assessments should be verified by the MD before clinical application, especially for the youngest children.
Solvothermal processes in Materials Synthesis
Authors: Demazeau Gérard , Goglio Graziella , Largeteau Alain 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA solvothermal reaction can be described as a chemical reaction involving a solvent either in subcritical or supercritical conditions between different precursors. Such a solvent can act as a chemical component or a fluid phase able, through its physico-chemical properties, to induce the synthesis reactions. During the last fifteen years, solvothermal reactions have been used in different scientific areas involving basic or applied research. Several domains have been developed in Materials Chemistry: (i) the synthesis of novel materials, (ii) the development of new low temperature processes able to prepare functional materials, and in Materials Science: (i) new crystal growth processes, (ii) thin film deposition and (iii) sintering processes at low temperature. In Materials Chemistry three illustrations are described: (i) the synthesis through “geomimetism” of a new family of layered oxides: the phyllosiloxides, (ii) the synthesis of inorganic-organic materials, (iii) the potential of solvothermal processes for producing c-BN.
Localization of ODAM, PCNA, and CK14 in regenerating junctional epithelium during orthodontic tooth movement in rats
Authors: Jue Seong-Suk , Kim Ji-Youn , Na Seung-Hoon , Jeon Kyung-Dal , Bang Hee-Joon , Park Jae Hyun , Shin Je-Won 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To identify the regenerating junctional epithelium (JE) during orthodontic tooth movement in rats.

Materials and Methods:
Closed-coil springs were used to create a 20 g mesial force to the maxillary first molars. On days 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 after force application, histologic changes in JE were examined by immunohistochemistry using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein (ODAM), and cytokeratin 14 (CK14).

Results:
On day 1, JE was destroyed and lost attachment to the tooth surface. Cell division activity was rarely observed in JE, and ODAM localization was weakly detected in damaged JE. By day 3, regenerating JE had not fully recovered. High cell proliferation activity and CK14 expression started to appear in most basal cells of JE. ODAM expression was reduced and appeared in a small area. By day 7, JE had almost recovered. Cell proliferation activity was still observed in several basal cells of JE, and ODAM expression was detected among JE cells. CK14 was hardly observed in JE except in the basal cells. By days 10 and 14, regenerated JE appeared. ODAM, PCNA, and CK14 expression was similar to that of the control.

Conclusions:
Damaged JE might recover rapidly during orthodontic tooth movement because basal cells of the remaining JE, which show higher proliferation activity, are involved in JE regeneration. Reduced ODAM expression during proliferation of JE cells may increase again after JE regeneration is complete. Therefore, ODAM may be associated with the normal function of JE.
Analytical Design of Water-Free Production in Horizontal Wells Using Hodograph Method / Zastosowanie metody hodografu do określenia krytycznego wydatku poziomych otworów produkcyjnych
Authors: Qin Wenting , Wojtanowicz Andrew K. , White Christopher D. 
Published: August 2013

Horizontal well has been widely used as a solution for oil reservoir with underlain strong water drive. The advantage of horizontal well over vertical well is to increase the reservoir contact and thereby enhance well productivity. Because of that, horizontal well can provide a very low pressure drawdown to avoid the water coning and still sustain a good productivity. However, the advantage of the large contact area with reservoir will soon become the disadvantage when the water breakthrough into the horizontal well. The water cut will increase rapidly due to the large contact area with reservoir and it may cause the productivity loss of the whole well. Therefore, keeping the horizontal well production rate under critical rate is crucial.
However, existing models of critical rate either oversimplify or misrepresent the nature of the WOC interface, resulting in misestimating the critical rate. In this paper, a new analytical model of critical rate is presented to provide accurate calculations on this subject for project design and performance predictions.
Unlike the conventional approach, in which the flow restriction due to the water crest shape has been neglected; including the distortions of oil-zone flow caused by the rising water crest, the new analytical model gives an accurate simultaneous determination of the critical rate, water crest shape and the pressure distribution in the oil zone by using hodograph method combined with conformal mapping. The accuracy of this model was confirmed by numerical simulations. The results show that neglecting the presence of water crest leads to up to 50 percent overestimation of critical rates.
Relational Formal Characterization of Rough Sets
Authors: Grabowski Adam 
Published: August 2013

Summary
The notion of a rough set, developed by Pawlak [10], is an important tool to describe situation of incomplete or partially unknown information. In this article, which is essentially the continuation of [6], we try to give the characterization of approximation operators in terms of ordinary properties of underlying relations (some of them, as serial and mediate relations, were not available in the Mizar Mathematical Library). Here we drop the classical equivalence- and tolerance-based models of rough sets [12] trying to formalize some parts of [19] following also [18] in some sense (Propositions 1-8, Corr. 1 and 2; the complete description is available in the Mizar script). Our main problem was that informally, there is a direct correspondence between relations and underlying properties, in our approach however [7], which uses relational structures rather than relations, we had to switch between classical (based on pure set theory) and abstract (using the notion of a structure) parts of the Mizar Mathematical Library. Our next step will be translation of these properties into the pure language of Mizar attributes.
Isomorphisms of Direct Products of Finite Commutative Groups
Authors: Okazaki Hiroyuki , Yamazaki Hiroshi , Shidama Yasunari 
Published: August 2013

Summary
We have been working on the formalization of groups. In [1], we encoded some theorems concerning the product of cyclic groups. In this article, we present the generalized formalization of [1]. First, we show that every finite commutative group which order is composite number is isomorphic to a direct product of finite commutative groups which orders are relatively prime. Next, we describe finite direct products of finite commutative groups
Completely preserved cockroaches of the family Mesoblattinidae from the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation (Liaoning Province, NE China)
Authors: Wei Dandan , Ren Dong 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Although cockroaches were the dominant insects in various Paleozoic and Mesozoic insect assemblages, their general morphology was extremely conservative. One of the most common of them, the Jurassic-Cretaceous family Mesoblattinidae, is described here for the first time on the basis of completely preserved specimens. Ninety-two specimens of Perlucipecta aurea gen. et sp. n. reveal details of head, mandible, male tergal glands and terminal hook; cercal, leg and antennal sensilla. Its congener, P. vrsanskyi is described from the same sediments of the Yixian Formation (Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous). The forewing venation variability of P. aurea, analysed for the first time in this family is nearly identical (CV = 6.23 %) with variability of two species of family Blattulidae that occur at the same locality (CV = 6.22 %; 5.72 %). The transitional nature of morphological characters represented by asymmetry between left and right wings (simple/branched forewing SC and hind wing M) in P. aurea documents the phylogenetic relation between the families Mesoblattinidae and Ectobiidae
BLACK ALDER DOMINATED FOREST VEGETATION IN THE WESTERN PART OF CENTRAL SLOVAKIA – SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ECOLOGY
Authors: Hrivnák Richard , Košťál Jaroslav , Slezák Michal , Petrášová Anna , Feszterová Melánia 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
In some regions of Slovakia, black alder forest vegetation has not been documented appropriately yet. This paper is the first vegetation study presenting the phytosociological data and measured environmental parameters from the western part of central Slovakia. The data set was classified by using a modified TWINSPAN algorithm, which allowed us to discern floristically and ecologically distinctive plant communities. They correspond to the associations Stellario nemorum-Alnetum glutinosae Lohmeyer 1957 (riparian alder vegetation on mesic to humid sites along small brooks) and Carici acutiformis-Alnetum glutinosae Scamoni 1935 (eutrophic black alder carr forests in the colline zone) with the variants of Ligustrum vulgare and Galium palustre. The community Carici elongatae-Alnetum glutinosae Schwickerath 1933 (mesotrophic to eutrophic alder carr vegetation growing on permanently waterlogged soils), documented only with two phytosociological relevés, was distinguished following expert knowledge. A floristic and ecological pattern of these associations is presented.
The major compositional gradients were interpreted based on Ellenberg’s indicator values and the values of environmental variables recorded during the field sampling in the growing season 2011. The principal component analysis revealed the importance of soil moisture, light availability, portion of open water and soil surface for species composition variability at the association level, whereas the variants of Carici acutiformis-Alnetum glutinosae were sorted along the acidity gradient.
Assessment of genotoxic potential of the insecticide Dichlorvos using cytogenetic assay
Authors: Nazam Nazia , Iqbal Lone Mohammad , Shaikh Sibhghatulla , Ahmad Waseem 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The possible genotoxic activity of Dichlorvos (2,2-Dichlorovinyl-O,O-dimethyl phosphate/DDVP, CAS No. 62-73-7), an organophosphorus insecticide was investigated employing three cytogenetic end points, i.e. micronucleus (MN) assay, mitotic indices (MI) and chromosome abberation (CA) analysis in vivo. The assays were carried out in hematopoietic bone marrow cells of Mus musculus at concentrations of 10, 20 and 30% of LD50 for intraperitoneal (ip) administration, corresponding to 0.06, 0.08 and 0.13 mg/kg Bwt, respectively. The normal control group received single ip dose of distilled water (2 ml/100 g Bwt), while animals of the positive group were injected with cyclophosphamide, a model mutagen (40 mg/kg Bwt) under identical conditions. The animals were sacrificed 24, 48 and 72 hrs post treatment. Under the present experimental conditions, there was no evidence of significant increase of MN frequencies at any dose or sampling time in polychromatic (PCE) and normochromatic (NCE) erythrocytes. The PCE/NCE ratio was not notably affected; however, a slight depression in prolonged exposure (48, 72 hr) intervals and a slight increase at the 24 hr interval were observed. Cells with various structural chromosome aberrations were noted but no significant (p<0.05; Man-Whitney U-test) differences in the frequencies of CA or mitotic indices (p<0.05; X2 test) were observed between Dichlorvos treated groups and the normal control group at doses or time intervals used. The results of the present investigation reflects a negative in vivo genotoxic potential of Dichlorvos at sublethal doses in bone marrow cells. Further studies are underway to confirm the presence or absence of genotoxic activity since compounds negative in genotoxic evaluation are susceptible of being carcinogens triggering cancer by genotoxic or non-genotoxic mechanisms.
Lycopene supplementation prevents reactive oxygen species mediated apoptosis in Sertoli cells of adult albino rats exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Gunasekaran , Selvakumar Kandaswamy , Venkataraman Prabhu , Elumalai Perumal , Arunakaran Jagadeesan 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Sertoli cell proliferation is attenuated before attaining puberty and the number is fixed in adult testes. Sertoli cells determine both testis size and daily sperm production by providing physical and metabolic support to spermatogenic cells. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exposure disrupts functions of Sertoli cells causing infertility with decreased sperm count. On the other hand, lycopene is improving sperm count and motility by reducing oxidative stress in humans and animals. Hence we hypothesized that PCBs-induced infertility might be due to Sertoli cell apoptosis mediated by oxidative stress and lycopene might prevent PCBs-induced apoptosis by acting against oxidative stress. To test this hypothesis, animals were treated with vehicle control, lycopene, PCBs and PCBs + lycopene for 30 days. After the experimental period, the testes and cauda epididymidis were removed for isolation of Sertoli cells and sperm, respectively. We observed increased levels of oxidative stress markers (H2O2 and LPO) levels, increased expression of apoptotic molecules (caspase-8, Bad, Bid, Bax, cytochrome C and caspase-3), decreased anti-apoptotic (Bcl2) molecule and elevated apoptotic marker activity (caspase-3) in Sertoli cells of PCBs-exposed animals. These results were associated with decreased sperm count and motility in PCBs exposed animals. On the other hand, lycopene prevented the elevation of Sertoli cellular apoptotic parameters and prevented the reduction of sperm parameters (count and motility). The data confirmed that lycopene as an antioxidant scavenged reactive oxygen substances, prevented apoptosis, maintained normal function in Sertoli cells and helped to provide physical and metabolic support for sperm production, thereby treating infertility in men.
Influence of Hydrological Situations on Benthic Organisms in a Small River in Saxony (Germany)
Authors: Kändler Matthias , Seidler Christina 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
This research was focused on the relationship between river discharge and organism drift. It was carried out for three years in a small heavily modified river in Saxony (Germany). The amount and species composition of drifting invertebrates were observed, depending on discharge and flow velocity. A station was installed where the flow velocity was continually measured and drifting organisms were caught with nets. An inventory of the aquatic community (benthic invertebrates) was taken to determine the species living in the river at the research station. The highest drift density measured was 578 organisms per m3 at a flow velocity of 0.90 m s-1, the mainly drifting organisms were Chironomidae. Different organisms groups started drifting at different flow velocities. Heavy impacts, such as dredging the river and flood waves, affected the aquatic ecosystems and severely changed the aquatic community regarding the number and the diversity. Some of the aquatic invertebrates such as the Anthothecata completely disappeared after dredging. It was found that many different terrestrial organisms were part of the drift. The typical family of soil biota Collembola represented the largest share.
Parahippocampal corpora amylacea and neuronal lipofuscin in human aging
Authors: Bakić Mirjana , Jovanović Ivan , Ugrenović Slađana , Vasović Ljiljana , Krstić Miljan , Stefanović Natalija , Pavlović Miljana , Živković Vladimir 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The aim of this research was to quantify the number of corpora amylacea and lipofuscin-bearing neurons in the parahippocampal region of the brain. Right parahippocampal gyrus specimens of 30 cadavers were used as material for histological and morphometric analyses. A combined Alcian Blue and Periodic Acid-Schiff technique was used for identification and quantification of corpora amylacea and lipofuscin-bearing neurons. Immunohistochemistry was performed using S100 polyclonal, neuron-specific enolase and glial fibrillary acidic protein monoclonal antibodies for differentiation of corpora amylacea and other spherical inclusions of the aging brain. Cluster analysis of obtained data showed the presence of three age groups (median age: I = 41.5, II = 68, III = 71.5). The second group was characterized by a significantly higher numerical density of subcortical corpora amylacea and number of lipofuscin-bearing neurons than other two groups. Values of the latter cited parameters in the third group were insignificantly higher than the first younger group. Linear regression showed that number of parahippocampal lipofuscin-bearing neurons significantly predicts numerical density of subcortical corpora amylacea. The above results suggest that more numerous parahippocampal region corpora amylacea and lipofuscin-bearing neurons in some older cases might represent signs of its’ neurons quantitatively-altered metabolism.
Characterisation of tissue factor‐bearing extracellular vesicles with AFM: comparison of air‐tapping‐mode AFM and liquid Peak Force AFM
Authors: Hardij Julie , Cecchet Francesca , Berquand Alexandre , Gheldof Damien , Chatelain Christian , Mullier François , Chatelain Bernard , Dogné Jean‐Michel 
Published: August 2013

IntroductionExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are shed from cells and carry markers of the parent cells. Vesicles derived from cancer cells reach the bloodstream and locally influence important physiological processes. It has been previously shown that procoagulant vesicles are circulating in patients’ fluids. These EVs are therefore considered as promising biomarkers for the thrombotic risk. Because of their small size, classical methods such as flow cytometry suffer from limitation for their characterisation. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been proposed as a promising complementary method for the characterisation of EVs.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study are: (a) to develop and validate AFM with specific antibodies (anti‐TF) and (b) to compare air and liquid modes for EVs’ size and number determination as potential biomarkers of the prothrombotic risk.MethodsAFM multimode nanoscope III was used for air tapping mode (TM). AFM catalyst was used for liquid Peak Force Tapping (PFT) mode. Vesicles are generated according to Davila et al.'s protocol. Substrates are coated with various concentrations of antibodies, thanks to ethanolamine and glutaraldehyde.ResultsVesicles were immobilised on antibody‐coated surfaces to select tissue factor (TF)‐positive vesicles. The size range of vesicles observed in liquid PFT mode is 6–10 times higher than in air mode. This corresponds to the data found in the literature.ConclusionWe recommend liquid PFT mode to analyse vesicles on 5 µg/ml antibody‐coated substrates.
Intravenous Peramivir for Treatment of Influenza in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Ison Michael G , Fraiz Joseph , Heller Barry , Jauregui Luis , Mills Graham , O'Riordan William , O'Neil Brian , Playford E Geoffrey , Rolf J Douglass , Sada-Diaz Eduardo , Elder Jenna , Collis Phil , Hernandez Jaime E , Sheridan William P 
Published: August 2013

Background Influenza causes over 200,000 hospitalizations a year in the United States, but few antiviral treatment studies have focused on patients hospitalized with influenza. This open-label, randomized study was initiated during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic to help assess the antiviral activity, safety and tolerability of 5–10 days treatment with two different dosing regimens of the intravenous neuraminidase inhibitor, peramivir, in hospitalized subjects with influenza. Methods Quantitative virology was done on nasopharyngeal swab specimens from subjects ≥6 years of age to measure change from baseline in tissue culture infective dose (primary end point) and quantitative viral RNA levels by real-time PCR. Clinical end points included time to clinical resolution, a composite end point of four vital signs and oxygen saturation. Results A total of 234 hospitalized patients were randomized to peramivir 300 mg twice daily or 600 mg once daily; 127 had laboratory confirmed influenza. In those with detectable virus at baseline, viral titres declined without differences between regimens. There were no significant differences in clinical or virological end points between treatment arms, and apparent differences were explained by baseline disease severity differences in the groups. Peramivir was generally safe and well tolerated for treated patients hospitalized with pandemic influenza with outcomes similar to those described in the literature. Conclusions This open-label trial of intravenous peramivir in subjects hospitalized predominantly with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) demonstrated that once- or twice-daily administration was associated with decreases in viral shedding and clinical improvement. ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00957996.