bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic Feasibility of the Sugar Beet‐to‐Ethylene Value Chain
Authors: Althoff Jeroen , Biesheuvel Kees , De Kok Ad , Pelt Henk , Ruitenbeek Matthijs , Spork Ger , Tange Jan , Wevers Ronald 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAs part of a long‐term strategy toward renewable feedstock, a feasibility study into options for the production of bioethylene by integrating the sugar beet‐to‐ethanol‐to‐ethylene value chain. Seven business cases were studied and tested for actual economic feasibility of alternative sugar‐to‐ethanol‐to‐ethylene routes in comparison to fossil‐fuel alternatives. An elaborate model was developed to assess the relevant operational and financial aspects of each business case. The calculations indicate that bioethylene from sugar beet is not commercially viable under current market conditions. In light of expected global energy and feedstock prices it is also reasonable to expect that this will not change in the near future. To consider biorenewable sources as starting material, they need to be low in cost (compared to sugar beets) and also require less capital and energy‐intensive methods for the conversion to chemicals. In general, European sugar prices will be too high for many chemical applications. Future efforts for in sugar‐to‐chemicals routes should, therefore, focus on integrated process routes and process intensification and/or on products that contain a significant part of the original carbohydrate backbone.
Is the therapeutic alliance overvalued in the treatment of eating disorders?
Authors: Brown Amy , Mountford Victoria A. , Waller Glenn 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTIn this article, we make the case for a systematic program of research into the causal relationship between the therapeutic alliance and outcomes of psychological treatments for the eating disorders. To make that case, we need to begin by considering the validity of existing assumptions about that alliance‐outcome relationship. We will then suggest what research is needed to allow clinicians to structure their work to best effect (e.g., should therapists focus on establishing a strong alliance even if it means not applying more therapy‐specific techniques, or should they stress the application of those techniques even when the working alliance might seem likely to be weakened as a result). Although the authors have a background in cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT), our aim is to suggest a research base that applies to a variety of psychotherapies, allowing for common or different conclusions about the alliance‐outcome relationship, depending on what the proposed research indicates. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013; 46:779–782)
“Forms” of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia): intraspecific variation or valid species?
Authors: Stålstedt Jeanette , Bergsten Johannes , Ronquist Fredrik 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIn many groups of organisms, especially in the older literature, it has been common practice to recognize sympatrically occurring phenotypic variants of a species as “forms”. However, what these forms really represent often remains unclear, especially in poorly studied groups. With new algorithms forDNA‐based species delimitation, the status of forms can be explicitly tested with molecular data. In this study, we test a number of what is now recognized as valid species of water mites (Hydrachnidia), but have in the past been treated as forms sympatrically occurring with their nominate species. We also test a form without prior taxonomical status, usingDNAand morphometrics. The barcoding fragment ofCOI, nuclear 28S and quantitative analyses of morphological data were used to test whether these taxa merit species status, as suggested by several taxonomists. Our results confirm valid species. Genetic distances between the form and nominate species (Piona dispersaandPiona variabilis,COI11%), as well as likelihood ratio tests under the general mixed‐Yule coalescent model, supported that these are separately evolving lineages as defined by the unified species concept. In addition, they can be diagnosed with morphological characters. The study also reveals that some taxa genetically represent more than one species. We propose thatP. dispersaare recognized as valid taxa at the species level.Unionicola minor(which may consist of several species),Piona stjordalensis,P. imminutas. lat., andP. rotundoidesare confirmed as species using this model. The results also imply that future studies of other water mite species complexes are likely to reveal many more genetically and morphologically distinct species.
Did the house mouse (Mus musculus L.) shape the evolutionary trajectory of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)?
Authors: Morris C. F. , Fuerst E. P. , Beecher B. S. , Mclean D. J. , James C. P. , Geng H. W. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most successful domesticated plant species in the world. The majority of wheat carries mutations in the Puroindoline genes that result in a hard kernel phenotype. An evolutionary explanation, or selective advantage, for the spread and persistence of these hard kernel mutations has yet to be established. Here, we demonstrate that the house mouse (Mus musculus L.) exerts a pronounced feeding preference for soft over hard kernels. When allele frequencies ranged from 0.5 to 0.009, mouse predation increased the hard allele frequency as much as 10‐fold. Studies involving a single hard kernel mixed with ~1000 soft kernels failed to recover the mutant kernel. Nevertheless, the study clearly demonstrates that the house mouse could have played a role in the evolution of wheat, and therefore the cultural trajectory of humankind.
How many marker loci are necessary? Analysis of dominant marker data sets using two popular population genetic algorithms
Authors: Nelson Michael F. , Anderson Neil O. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe number of marker loci required to answer a given research question satisfactorily is especially important for dominant markers since they have a lower information content than co‐dominant marker systems. In this study, we used simulated dominant marker data sets to determine the number of dominant marker loci needed to obtain satisfactory results from two popular population genetic analyses: STRUCTURE and AMOVA (analysis of molecular variance). Factors such as migration, level of population differentiation, and unequal sampling were varied in the data sets to mirror a range of realistic research scenarios. AMOVA performed well under all scenarios with a modest quantity of markers while STRUCTURE required a greater number, especially when populations were closely related. The popular ΔK method of determining the number of genetically distinct groups worked well when sampling was balanced, but underestimated the true number of groups with unbalanced sampling. These results provide a window through which to interpret previous work with dominant markers and we provide a protocol for determining the number of markers needed for future dominant marker studies.
Postcopulatory selection for dissimilar gametes maintains heterozygosity in the endangered North Atlantic right whale
Authors: Frasier T. R. , Gillett R. M. , Hamilton P. K. , Brown M. W. , Kraus S. D. , White B. N. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAlthough small populations are expected to lose genetic diversity through genetic drift and inbreeding, a number of mechanisms exist that could minimize this genetic decline. Examples include mate choice for unrelated mates and fertilization patterns biased toward genetically dissimilar gametes. Both processes have been widely documented, but the long‐term implications have received little attention. Here, we combined over 25 years of field data with high‐resolution genetic data to assess the long‐term impacts of biased fertilization patterns in the endangered North Atlantic right whale. Offspring have higher levels of microsatellite heterozygosity than expected from this gene pool (effect size = 0.326, P < 0.011). This pattern is not due to precopulatory mate choice for genetically dissimilar mates (P < 0.600), but instead results from postcopulatory selection for gametes that are genetically dissimilar (effect size = 0.37, P < 0.003). The long‐term implication is that heterozygosity has slowly increased in calves born throughout the study period, as opposed to the slight decline that was expected. Therefore, this mechanism represents a natural means through which small populations can mitigate the loss of genetic diversity over time.
What to eat now? Shifts in polar bear diet during the ice‐free season in western Hudson Bay
Authors: Gormezano Linda J. , Rockwell Robert F. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractUnder current climate trends, spring ice breakup in Hudson Bay is advancing rapidly, leaving polar bears (Ursus maritimus) less time to hunt seals during the spring when they accumulate the majority of their annual fat reserves. For this reason, foods that polar bears consume during the ice‐free season may become increasingly important in alleviating nutritional stress from lost seal hunting opportunities. Defining how the terrestrial diet might have changed since the onset of rapid climate change is an important step in understanding how polar bears may be reacting to climate change. We characterized the current terrestrial diet of polar bears in western Hudson Bay by evaluating the contents of passively sampled scat and comparing it to a similar study conducted 40 years ago. While the two terrestrial diets broadly overlap, polar bears currently appear to be exploiting increasingly abundant resources such as caribou (Rangifer tarandus) and snow geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens) and newly available resources such as eggs. This opportunistic shift is similar to the diet mixing strategy common among other Arctic predators and bear species. We discuss whether the observed diet shift is solely a response to a nutritional stress or is an expression of plastic foraging behavior.
Simultaneous Detection of Dopamine, Ascorbic Acid and Uric Acid at Lithographically‐Defined 3D Graphene Electrodes
Authors: Xiao Xiaoyin , Miller Philip R. , Narayan Roger J. , Brozik Susan M. , Wheeler David R. , Brener Igal , Wang Joseph , Burckel D. Bruce , Polsky Ronen 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThree dimensional graphene electrodes are presented as highly sensitive electrochemical transducers for the detection of dopamine, ascorbic acid, and uric acid. The detection limits for each separate analyte is approximately 5 µM. In addition the oxidative peak potentials for each are sufficiently separated such that the simultaneous detection of a mixture can be accomplished without any modification steps leading to three well resolved peaks. Increased steady state mass transport profiles due to enhanced diffusion effects at the open porous three dimensional graphene electrodes are also observed.
Simplified seismic sidesway collapse analysis of frame buildings
Authors: Hamidia Mohammadjavad , Filiatrault Andre , Aref Amjad 
Published: August 2013

SUMMARYThis paper presents the development and assessment of a simplified procedure for estimating the seismic sidesway collapse margin ratio of building structures. The proposed procedure is based on the development of a robust database of seismic peak displacement responses of nonlinear single‐degree‐of‐freedom systems for various seismic intensities and uses nonlinear static (pushover) analysis without the need for nonlinear time history dynamic analysis. The proposed simplified procedure is assessed by comparing its collapse capacity predictions on 72 different building structures with those obtained by nonlinear incremental dynamic analyses. The proposed simplified procedure offers a simple, yet efficient, computational/analytical tool that is capable of predicting collapse capacities with acceptable accuracy for a wide variety of frame building structures. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
APPLICATION OF SOIL–WATER–ATMOSPHERE–PLANT MODEL TO ASSESS PERFORMANCE OF SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE SYSTEM UNDER SEMI‐ARID MONSOON CLIMATE
Authors: Verma A. K. , Gupta S. K. , Isaac R. K. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTThe Soil–Water–Atmosphere–Plant (SWAP) model was evaluated for its capability to predict groundwater table behaviour under drained conditions for a semi‐arid monsoon climate in the state of Haryana (India). SWAP simulated and observed values ranging within absolute deviation of 0.17–0.18 m for groundwater table, 0.87–1.07 mm day‐1 for drainage discharge rate and 7.8–39.4 mm for cumulative drain discharge. The calibrated and validated model was used to predict excess water stress utilizing the SEW30 index, which is the sum of daily exceedances (cm) of the groundwater table depth above the depth of 30 cm below the soil surface for different spacing under varying rainfall situations. The maximum annual SEW30 of 5 years having all the combinations of rainfall was 297.0 cm day with drains spaced at 75 m, 92.7 cm day with drains spaced at 50 m and 15.1 cm day for drains spaced at 25 m. These results reveal that there would be no aeration problem with drains spaced at 25 m in all the years and in years with below normal rainfall in all of the test spacing. Long‐term simulations revealed that there is no residual effect of a year's rainfall pattern on the groundwater table during the next year under drained conditions. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of an Internet Intervention for Adults with Insomnia: Effects on Comorbid Psychological and Fatigue Symptoms
Authors: Thorndike Frances P. , Ritterband Lee M. , Gonder‐Frederick Linda A. , Lord Holly R. , Ingersoll Karen S. , Morin Charles M. 
Published: August 2013

ObjectiveInsomnia is frequently comorbid with other medical and psychological disorders. This secondary data analysis investigated whether an Internet‐delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I) intervention could also reduce comorbid psychological and fatigue symptoms.MethodData from a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) testing the efficacy of Internet‐delivered CBT‐I relative to a waitlist control was used to examine changes in symptoms of depression, anxiety, mental health quality of life (QOL), and fatigue.ResultsGroup by time interactions from repeated measures analyses revealed significant post intervention improvements in Internet participants (n = 22) relative to control participants (n = 22) on all psychological symptoms, mental health QOL, and fatigue. A small post hoc subsample of Internet participants with mild or moderate depression also showed large effect size changes in these constructs (depression, anxiety, mental health QOL, and fatigue).ConclusionInternet‐delivered CBT‐I appears to not only improve sleep but also reduce comorbid psychological and fatigue symptoms.
Advancing membrane bioelectrochemical reactor (MBER) with hollow‐fiber membranes installed in the cathode compartment
Authors: Li Jian , Ge Zheng , He Zhen 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDSynergistic cooperation between membrane technology and microbial fuel cells (MFCs) creates a membrane bioelectrochemical reactor (MBER) that can produce electricity directly from organics while maintaining a high‐quality effluent. This study aims to advance the MBER concept with hollow‐fiber membranes installed in a cathode compartment for alleviating membrane fouling.RESULTSThe MBER achieved 90% removal of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), and 69% removal of the total inorganic nitrogen; the turbidity of the membrane permeate was mostly below 2 NTU. The operation of this MBER theoretically consumed 0.09 kWh m‐3, significantly lower than the energy consumption in membrane bioreactors (MBRs). The energy production in the MBER was 0.011–0.039 kWh m‐3 from the synthetic solution, or 0.032–0.064 kWh m‐3 from the cheese wastewater. The Coulombic efficiency varied between 10 and 30%, affected by the substrate type and loading rates.CONCLUSIONSThe MBER with ultrafiltration membranes installed in the cathode greatly improved membrane performance with a constant low trans‐membrane pressure (which drives water through the membrane) during the testing period, when treating either a synthetic solution or real wastewater from a cheese plant. The MBER technology has potential advantages in energy consumption/production compared with MBRs, and may offer better handling of operating conditions than AnMBRs. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Thermal resistance network model for heat sinks with serpentine channels
Authors: Hao Xiao‐Hong , Li Xue‐Kang , Peng Bei , Zhang Ming , Zhu Yu 
Published: August 2013

SummarySerpentine channels in liquid cooling have received considerable attention for their high heat transfer coefficient and potential applications in high heat flux electronics. In this paper, a simple thermal resistance network model is proposed to simulate the thermal performance of heat sinks with serpentine channels. The model comprises a series of thermal resistance units connected by flow networks, which display the temperature and pressure distribution between units. By varying the Reynolds number of the fluid and the aspect ratio of the channel, temperature and pressure results of a 10‐channel serpentine heat sink are obtained and subsequently compared with full three‐dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations. The results demonstrate that the model can predict the heat transfer characteristics of serpentine channels with high accuracy and significantly less computing time. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nitrogen Plasma Modification and Chemical Derivatization of Polyethylene Surfaces – An In Situ Study Using FTIR‐ATR Spectroscopy
Authors: Klages Claus‐Peter , Hinze Alena , Khosravi Zohreh 
Published: August 2013

AbstractChemical derivatization reactions of nitrogen plasma‐treated surfaces with aromatic aldehydes, such as the prototypic 4‐trifluoromethyl‐benzaldehyde (TFBA), have for a long time been considered selective for primary amines. Results of an in situ study using FTIR‐ATR spectroscopy challenge the validity of this assumption: Modification of polyethylene surfaces by afterglows of dielectric barrier discharges in nitrogen–hydrogen mixtures with subsequent hydrogen/deuterium exchange or TFBA derivatization suggests that the latter does not follow the commonly assumed reaction scheme.
Insights into the evolution of lanthipeptide biosynthesis
Authors: Yu Yi , Zhang Qi , van der Donk Wilfred A. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractLanthipeptides are a group of posttranslationally modified peptide natural products that contain multiple thioether crosslinks. These crosslinks are formed by dehydration of Ser/Thr residues followed by addition of the thiols of Cys residues to the resulting dehydroamino acids. At least four different pathways to these polycyclic natural products have evolved, reflecting the high efficiency and evolvability of a posttranslational modification route to generate conformationally constrained peptides. The wealth of genomic information that has been made available in recent years has started to provide insights into how these remarkable pathways and their posttranslational modification machineries may have evolved. In this review, we discuss a model for the evolution of the lanthipeptide biosynthetic enzymes that has recently been developed based on the currently available data.
CASP prediction center infrastructure and evaluation measures in CASP10 and CASP ROLL
Authors: Kryshtafovych Andriy , Monastyrskyy Bohdan , Fidelis Krzysztof 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTThe Protein Structure Prediction Center at the University of California, Davis, supports the CASP experiments by identifying prediction targets, accepting predictions, performing standard evaluations, assisting independent CASP assessors, presenting and archiving results, and facilitating information exchange relating to CASP and structure prediction in general. We provide an overview of the CASP infrastructure implemented at the Center, and summarize standard measures used for evaluating predictions in the latest round of CASP. Several components were introduced or significantly redesigned for CASP10, in particular an improved assessors' common web‐workspace; a Sphere Grinder visualization tool for analyzing local accuracy of predictions; brand new blocks for evaluation contact prediction and contact‐assisted structure prediction; expanded evaluation and visualization tools for tertiary structure, refinement and quality assessment. Technical aspects of conducting the CASP10 and CASP ROLL experiments and relevant statistics are also provided. Proteins 2014; 82(Suppl 2):7–13. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
How good is automated protein docking?
Authors: Kozakov Dima , Beglov Dmitri , Bohnuud Tanggis , Mottarella Scott E. , Xia Bing , Hall David R. , Vajda Sandor 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTThe protein docking server ClusPro has been participating in critical assessment of prediction of interactions (CAPRI) since its introduction in 2004. This article evaluates the performance of ClusPro 2.0 for targets 46–58 in Rounds 22–27 of CAPRI. The analysis leads to a number of important observations. First, ClusPro reliably yields acceptable or medium accuracy models for targets of moderate difficulty that have also been successfully predicted by other groups, and fails only for targets that have few acceptable models submitted. Second, the quality of automated docking by ClusPro is very close to that of the best human predictor groups, including our own submissions. This is very important, because servers have to submit results within 48 h and the predictions should be reproducible, whereas human predictors have several weeks and can use any type of information. Third, while we refined the ClusPro results for manual submission by running computationally costly Monte Carlo minimization simulations, we observed significant improvement in accuracy only for two of the six complexes correctly predicted by ClusPro. Fourth, new developments, not seen in previous rounds of CAPRI, are that the top ranked model provided by ClusPro was acceptable or better quality for all these six targets, and that the top ranked model was also the highest quality for five of the six, confirming that ranking models based on cluster size can reliably identify the best near‐native conformations. Proteins 2013; 81:2159–2166. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.