bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Portal or superior mesenteric vein resection in pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic head carcinoma
Authors: Murakami Y , Satoi S , Motoi F , Sho M , Kawai M , Matsumoto I , Honda G ,   the Multicentre Study Group of Pancreatobiliary Surgery (MSG-PBS), Uemura K , Fukumoto T , Yamaue H , Kurata M , Akahori T , Yanagimoto H , Unno M 
Published: April 2015

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to determine the added value of portal or superior mesenteric vein (PV/SMV) resection during pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic head carcinoma.

Methods
A multicentre observational study was conducted in patients with pancreatic head carcinoma who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy in seven Japanese hospitals between 2001 and 2012. Clinicopathological factors were compared between patients who did and did not undergo PV/SMV resection. Those with an impact on survival were identified by univariable and multivariable analysis.

Results
Of the 937 patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy, 435 (46·4 per cent) had PV/SMV resection, whereas the remaining 502 (53·6 per cent) did not. Some 71·5 and 63·9 per cent of patients with and without PV/SMV resection respectively had lymph node-positive disease. Patients who underwent PV/SMV resection had more advanced tumours. Perioperative mortality and morbidity rates did not differ between the two groups. Multivariable analysis revealed that PV/SMV resection was not an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (P = 0·268). Among the 435 patients in whom the PV/SMV was resected, borderline resectable tumours with arterial abutment (P = 0·021) and absence of adjuvant chemotherapy (P &lt; 0·001) were independent predictors of poor survival in multivariable analysis. Patients with resectable or borderline resectable tumours with PV/SMV involvement had a median survival time with additional adjuvant chemotherapy of 43·7 and 29·7 months respectively. Median survival time in patients with borderline resectable tumours with arterial abutment was 18·6 months despite adjuvant chemotherapy.

Conclusion
Pancreatoduodenectomy with PV/SMV resection and adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with pancreatic head carcinoma may provide good survival without increased mortality and morbidity.
Quantification of taraxasterol in rat plasma by LC/MS/MS: application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Zhang Nan , Pang Li. , Dong Ning , Xu Dahai , Xu Hong 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTaraxasterol, a pentacyclic triterpene from Taraxacum officinale, is one of the main active constituents of the herb. This study developed and validated a highly selective and sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of taraxasterol in rat plasma over the range of 9.0–5000 ng/mL. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 (4.6 × 50 mm, 5.0 µm) column with methanol–isopropanol–water–formic acid (80:10:10:0.1, v/v/v/v) as mobile phase with an isocratic elution. The flow rate was 0.7 mL/min. After adding cucurbitacin IIa as an internal standard (IS), liquid–liquid extraction was used for sample preparation using ethyl acetate. The atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source was applied and operated in positive ion mode. Selected reaction monitoring mode was used for the quantification of transition ions m/z 409.4 → 137.1 for taraxasterol and m/z 503.4 → 113.1 for IS. The mean recoveries of taraxasterol in rat plasma ranged from 85.3 to 87.2%. The matrix effects for taraxasterol were between 98.5 and 104.0%. Intra‐ and inter‐day precision were both <11.8%, and the accuracy of the method ranged from −7.0 to 12.9%. The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of taraxasterol after oral administration of 7.75, 15.5 and 31.0 mg/kg in rats. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Visible‐Light‐Induced CC Bond Cleavage of Enaminones for the Synthesis of 1,2‐Diketones and Quinoxalines in Sustainable Medium
Authors: Cao Shuo , Zhong Shanshan , Xin Luoting , Wan Jie‐Ping , Wen Chengping 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe CC double bond cleavage of enaminones has been realized under ambient conditions through visible‐light catalysis in the presence of Rose Bengal, which leads to the synthesis of a class of 1,2‐diketones without using any metal catalyst. In addition, the one‐pot synthesis of quinoxalines has also been achieved under identical photocatalytic conditions by making use of the in situ generated 1,2‐diketones as intermediates.
Silver‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 1‐Chloroalkynes Directly from Terminal Alkynes
Authors: Shi Dunfa , Liu Zhiwen , Zhang Ziyu , Shi Wei , Chen Hao 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAn efficient method to prepare 1‐chloroalkynes was investigated. The method involved the use of readily available terminal alkynes and a catalytic amount of a silver salt with N‐chlorosuccinimide as the chlorinating agent under mild conditions. Compared with the existing process, this method has a broad substrate scope: 19 examples were explored, and the products were obtained in excellent yields and were easily isolated by vacuum distillation. Moreover, recycling of the catalyst was achieved by simple filtration and desiccation, which made the method more economic and environmentally benign.
Examination of Eddy Current between Steel Sheets without Insulation and a Criterion for Determining the Necessity of Insulation
Authors: Akagi Akira , Takahashi Norio , Nakano Masanori , Doi Yuhito , Miyagi Daisuke 
Published: April 2015

SUMMARYIn the laminated core of transformers, motors, and so on, each electrical steel sheet is usually insulated in order to reduce the eddy current loss. It has been reported that insulation is not necessary in such a laminated core under some conditions. However, few studies have been performed in the form of a quantitative and systematic examination of the relationship between the insulation and eddy current. In this study, the eddy current losses of a core made of SPCC (cold rolled steel sheets) of different widths with and without insulation under various conditions are analyzed using the finite element method (FEM) and with the contact resistance taken into consideration. The equivalent circuit of a laminated core without insulation is presented, and can be used for determining the necessity of insulation. It is shown that the increase in the eddy current is affected by the ratio of the resistance of the steel to the contact resistance. An experimental investigation is also carried out.
Magnetic Circuit Model Considering Magnetic Hysteresis
Authors: Tanaka Hideaki , Nakamura Kenji , Ichinokura Osamu 
Published: April 2015

SUMMARYQuantitative estimation of core loss considering magnetic hysteresis property is strongly required to develop high‐efficient electrical machines. This paper presents a novel magnetic circuit model considering magnetic hysteresis. In the proposed model, dc hysteresis loss is calculated by the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert (LLG) equation, while classical and anomalous eddy current losses are calculated in the magnetic circuit. It is demonstrated that the hysteresis loop under PWM wave excitation can be expressed by the proposed model. The validity and effectiveness of the method are proved by comparing with measured values.
Analysis of Hourly Demand Data before and after the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake
Authors: Chida Takuji , Saitoh Hiroumi , Toyoda Junichi 
Published: April 2015

SUMMARYOn March 11, 2011, the power system suffered heavy damage from the huge earthquake and tsunami in the Tohoku region. This paper describes the change of features included in the time series of open demand data for the disaster of 3/11/2011. The demand data are separated into three sections: one for the “predisaster” analysis from April 2008 to February 2011, the second for the “during‐disaster” survey from March to May 2011, and the last for the “postdisaster” analysis from June 2011 to March 2013. We distinguished the periodic components of daily, weekly, and seasonal fluctuation among the demand time series by applying a newly developed procedure, the quasi‐ideal moving average method. Some significant changes were observed in the statistics of the predisaster and postdisaster periodic component analysis. The change in temperature sensitivity was also surveyed by using open weather data for Sendai.
A Highly Soluble Organic Catholyte for Non‐Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Kaur Aman Preet , Holubowitch Nicolas E. , Ergun Selin , Elliott Corrine F. , Odom Susan A. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA phenothiazine derivative with high solubility in carbonate solvents containing lithium salts showed extensive overcharge protection and, as a result, has been evaluated as a catholyte for non‐aqueous redox flow batteries. We report the testing of 3,7‐bis(trifluoromethyl)‐N‐ethylphenothiazine as a catholyte and 2,3,6‐trimethylquinoxaline as the anolyte in redox flow batteries containing 0.05, 0.15, and 0.35 M active material and found the longest capacity retention over about 60 cycles at 0.15 M. To our knowledge, this is the most soluble catholyte candidate with a robust radical cation.
MicroRNA‐494 sensitizes colon cancer cells to fluorouracil through regulation of DPYD
Authors: Chai Jie , Dong Wei , Xie Chao , Wang Lin , Han Da‐Li , Wang Shan , Guo Hong‐Liang , Zhang Zong‐Li 
Published: April 2015

AbstractChemoresistance of colon cancer cells to the chemotherapeutics is still a main obstacle in treatment of this malignancy. The microRNA (miRNA) mediated chemosensitivity regulation in colon cancer cells is still largely unknown. Here we constructed a fluorouracil (5‐Fu) resistant SW480 cell line (SW480/5‐Fu) and discovered that miRNA miR‐494 was down‐regulated in the drug resistant cells compared with the parental cells. miR‐494 level was found to be correlated with 5‐Fu sensitivity in colon cancer cells, and artificial alteration of miR‐494 affects the sensitivity of colon cancer cell lines to 5‐Fu. miR‐494 also promoted apoptosis of colon cancer cells at present of 5‐Fu. Importantly, as a regulatory enzyme in the 5‐Fu catabolic pathway, DPYD was confirmed to be a direct target of miR‐494 through the interaction of miR‐494 and its binding site within DPYD 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR). miR‐494 also negatively regulated endogenous DPYD expression in SW480 cells. Overexpression or knockdown of DPYD could attenuate miR‐494 mediated 5‐Fu sensitivity regulation, suggesting the dependence of DPYD regulation in miR‐494 activity. miR‐494 inhibited SW480/5‐Fu derived xenograft tumors growth in vivo at present of 5‐Fu. Thus, we concluded that in colon cancer cells, tumor suppressor miR‐494 enhanced 5‐Fu sensitivity via regulation of DPYD expression. © 2015 IUBMB Life, 67(3):191–201, 2015
PGC‐1α regulates the expression and activity of IRF‐1
Authors: Lu Huading , Zhu Lei , Lian Liyi , Chen Mingwei , Shi Dehai , Wang Kun 
Published: April 2015

AbstractInterferon regulatory transcription factor 1 (IRF‐1) regulates downstream signals of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α). The activity of IRF‐1 is mediated by Jak/Stat signaling pathway. In this study, we found that PPAR γ coactivator‐1α (PGC‐1α) is able to suppress the induction of IRF‐1. Treatment with TNF‐α in MC3T3 cells leads to a sustainable increase in the expression of IRF‐1 and its target gene cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‐2). In contrast, TNF‐α treatment led to a sustainable reduction in expression of PGC‐1α. Interestingly, we found that overexpression of PGC‐1α attenuated the induction of IRF‐1 and COX‐2. However, silence of PGC‐1α exacerbated the induction of IRF‐1 and COX‐2. Importantly, we found that the effect of PGC‐1α on repressing IRF‐1 expression and activity is facilitated by the reduction in phosphorylation of STAT1 at position 727 (S727P), an essential transcriptional activator of IRF‐1. Finally, we found that calyculin A, a pharmacological inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and PP1 abolishes the repression of STAT1 phosphorylation mediated by PGC‐1α, suggesting a new mechanism of PGC‐1α in regulating STAT1/IRF‐1 pathway. © 2015 IUBMB Life, 67(4):300–305, 2015
Effect of multiple intravenous doses of lanicemine (AZD6765) on the pharmacokinetics of midazolam in healthy subjects
Authors: Bui Khanh H. , Zhou Diansong , Agbo Felix , Guo Jian 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe objectives of the present study were to evaluate safety and tolerability as well as the effects of multiple doses of lanicemine on the pharmacokinetics of a CYP3A substrate, midazolam. A total of 46 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the open‐label, fixed‐sequence, nonrandomized study. All volunteers received an oral dose of 5 mg of midazolam alone or after 6 days of 150 mg daily intravenous infusion of lanicemine. Lanicemine reached a plasma Cmax of 1.51 μg/mL after 150 mg daily dosing to steady state. The geometric mean CL, Vss, and t1/2 of lanicemine were 8.1 L/h, 122.0 L, and 10.4 hours, respectively. The geometric least‐squares mean ratios and 90% confidence intervals for midazolam AUC0–∞, and Cmax were within the 80% to 125% limits when lanicemine plus midazolam treatment was compared with midazolam alone, demonstrating that daily dosing with 150 mg of lanicemine for 6 days had no effect on CYP3A activity. Comprehensive physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling using in vitro and in silico findings also indicated lanicemine would have little impact on the pharmacokinetics of CYP3A substrate, such as midazolam. In addition, lanicemine and midazolam administered alone or in combination were generally safe and well tolerated.
Polymorphous low‐grade adenocarcinoma of the head and neck: A population‐based study of 460 cases
Authors: Patel Tapan D. , Vazquez Alejandro , Marchiano Emily , Park Richard Chan , Baredes Soly , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: April 2015

Objectives/HypothesisPolymorphous low‐grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) is a rare malignant neoplasm of the minor salivary glands. This study analyzes the demographic, clinicopathologic, incidence, and survival characteristics of head and neck PLGA (HN‐PLGA).MethodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was queried for HN‐PLGA cases from 2001 to 2011 (460 cases). Data analyzed included patient demographics, incidence trends, and survival outcomes.ResultsHead and neck PLGA occurred most frequently in the sixth and seventh decades of life. Mean age at diagnosis was 61.3 (± 15.0) years. There was a female predilection with a female‐to‐male ratio of 2.15:1. There was a predilection toward blacks among the US population, with black‐to‐white incidence rate ratio of 2.33:1. The most common site of HN‐PLGA was the palate (57.2%), followed by the lip (7.0%). Average tumor size was 2.1 (± 1.3) cm at presentation. The majority of cases were localized at the time of presentation (70.5%), with rare distant metastasis (4.3%). The most common treatment modality was surgery alone (77.9%), followed by surgery with radiotherapy (19.5%). Elective neck dissection was performed in 5.3% of the cases. Survival analysis showed excellent 10‐year disease‐specific (96.4%) and relative (94.7%) survival rates. Ten‐year disease‐specific survival was better among those treated with surgery alone (98.0%) or surgery with adjuvant radiotherapy (90.9%) than those treated with radiotherapy alone (75.0%) (P < 0.0001).ConclusionThis study represents the largest cohort of HN‐PLGA cases. Head and neck PLGA shows a predilection for women and blacks in the US population. It has an excellent survival outcome with surgery being the treatment of choice.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 125:1644–1649, 2015
Photographs and “Truth” during the Northern Ireland Troubles, 1969–72
Authors: Hanna Erika 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis article explores how photographs were used as evidence during the early Northern Ireland Troubles. In particular, it focuses on the collection and use of images at the Scarman Tribunal, which investigated the disturbances of the summer of 1969, and the Widgery Tribunal, which sought to ascertain the sequence of events surrounding Bloody Sunday. Through close readings of how photographs were used at these two tribunals, the article shows how the existence of certain photographs served to anchor discussions of trajectories of violence around certain places and moments, illustrates how photographs taken for publication in newspapers were reread as evidential documents, and indicates the range of plausible truths each photograph was understood to provide. The study shows the importance of exploring the processes and mechanisms through which the state made sense of Northern Ireland to understand how causal accounts of conflict were produced and authenticated—and how, in turn, those explanatory regimes shaped the policies of the British state and the responses of local communities, and became embedded in historical writing on the Troubles.
EC–Seal Products: Seals and Sensibilities (TBT Aspects of the Panel and Appellate Body Reports)
Authors: LEVY PHILIP I. , REGAN DONALD H. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTheEC–Seal Productscase stemmed from complaints by Canada and Norway against European Union regulations that effectively banned the importation and marketing of seal products from those countries. The EU said it had responded to European moral outrage at the killing of seals. Canada and Norway challenged the regime under various provisions of the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Agreement and the GATT. This article considers TBT aspects of the Panel and Appellate Body decisions. It discusses issues such as whether there is any bright line to be drawn between legitimate and illegitimate purposes in regulation, the proper legal meaning of a ‘technical regulation’, and the interpretation of TBT 2.1.
Arabidopsis FHY3/CPD45 regulates far-red light signaling and chloroplast division in parallel
Authors: Chang Ning , Gao Yuefang , Zhao Lin , Liu Xiaomin , Gao Hongbo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCPD45 (chloroplast division45),which is also known as FHY3 (far-red elongated hypocotyl3), is a key factor in the far-red light signaling pathway in Arabidopsis. We previously showed that FHY3/CPD45 also regulates chloroplast division. Because light is also a regulator of chloroplast development and division, we sought to clarify the relationship between far-red light signaling and chloroplast division pathways. We found that the chloroplast division mutant arc5-3 had no defect in far-red light sensing and that constitutive overexpression of ARC5 rescued the chloroplast division defect, but not the defect in far-red light signaling, of cpd45. fhy1, which is defective in far-red light signaling, exhibited normal chloroplast division. Constitutive overexpression of FHY1 rescued the far-red light signaling defect, but not the chloroplast division defect, of cpd45. Moreover, ARC5 and FHY1 expression were not affected in fhy1 and arc5-3, respectively. Based on these results, we propose that FHY3/CPD45 regulates far-red light signaling and chloroplast division in parallel by activating the expression of FHY1 and ARC5 independently. This work demonstrates how relationships between different pathways in a gene regulatory network can be explored.
IRBIT regulates CaMKIIα activity and contributes to catecholamine homeostasis through tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylation
Authors: Kawaai Katsuhiro , Mizutani Akihiro , Shoji Hirotaka , Ogawa Naoko , Ebisui Etsuko , Kuroda Yukiko , Wakana Shigeharu , Miyakawa Tsuyoshi , Hisatsune Chihiro , Mikoshiba Katsuhiko 
Published: April 2015

SignificanceAppropriate homeostatic regulation of catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine) is important for the maintenance of normal brain function and mental state. The dysregulation of dopamine systems has been correlated with a hyperactive phenotype and social abnormalities, which are frequently observed in patients with psychiatric disorders. In this report, we found that IRBIT regulates catecholamine homeostasis by binding to calcium calmodulin-dependent kinase II alpha and subsequently controlling tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylation. In addition, mice lacking IRBIT present with increased locomotor activity and social abnormalities. Our finding provides new insight into the homeostatic regulation of catecholamines.
Echoes of Berlin, 1989: Post-Soviet Discourse and the Rhetoric of National Unity
Authors: Williams David Cratis , Young Marilyn J. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
Just as the popular imagination became inflamed by the events of 1989, and the “fall of the wall” was commonly taken as a sign of the inevitability of a new, open, free, and democratic Eastern Europe, so too was the disintegration of the Soviet Union in December of 1991 taken as a sign of the inevitability of a new, open, free, and democratic Russia. Although the events in Berlin were significant in spurring changes onward, with different rhetorical choices by Soviet and Russian leaders along the way history could have been written quite differently. The central concern of this article is to show how these rhetorical choices shaped the future of post-Communist transition in the Russian Federation. We proceed chronologically, examining key moments in the rhetoricity of the Russian transition from Communism toward its current form of governance.
Czech Rhetoric of 1989 and Václav Havel
Authors: Klicperová-Baker Martina 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
Year 1989 was memorable for rhetoric. Words had power. Clumsy Communist speeches, delivered in a futile attempt to preserve the old order, backfired and sealed the downfall of the old regime. The town squares became public arenas for ad hoc referenda; rhetoric became a legitimate weapon. Battles for public opinion culminated in unique confrontations of speakers and crowds at the ČKD industrial plant and Letná plain in Prague. Václav Havel, a dissident and shy unlikely leader, won by both his ethos and logos. Havel’s slogan ‘Truth and Love has to Prevail over Lie and Hatred’ became a staple of the Velvet Revolution and is still alive, provoking the enemies of moral politics and civil society. Drawing on academic literature, the article provides a closer analysis of Havel’s rhetoric.
Bringing in Earthly Redemption: Slobodan Milosevic and the National Myth of Kosovo
Authors: Edwards Jason A. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
Slobodan Milosevic’s rise from a minor Communist Party figure to the eventual Serbian president was bound up in rhetoric. Specifically, I examine how Milosevic rhetorically recast and modified the myth of Kosovo. The myth of Kosovo is one of the fundamental pillars of Serbian identity. I argue Milosevic modified the fundamental themes of the myth—disunity and unity—to bring an earthly redemption to Serbs in the late 1980s. Milosevic’s use of the Kosovo myth cemented his hold on presidential leadership in 1989 and is an important example of how past events are fruitful topoi for political leaders trying to build nationalist movements.