bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of staff commitment and morale on the implementation of the project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Yim Eunice P.Y. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
In the field of positive youth development, there are few studies on program sustainability and the relationship between program implementation and program sustainability. Based on an in-depth case study in the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong, this study examines the intrinsic factors and mechanisms that influence program implementation and sustainability. The results reveal that implementers under study are highly flexible and responsive agents who operate in different areas at all school levels. With an understanding of the program philosophies and a belief in its efficacy, implementers also modify the program by integrating the “adopted” program to the existing strength-based framework, resulting in enhanced program effectiveness and sustainability. Furthermore, the present study underscores the importance of staff commitment and morale in the implementation and sustainability of positive youth development programs in the Chinese context.
Crystal structure of (Z)-N-((cyclopropanecarbonyl)oxy)benzimidoyl cyanide, C12H10N2O2
Authors: Wang Mei-Yi 
Published: February 2013

Abstract C12H10N2O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.294(3) Å, b = 5.281(1) Å, c = 16.230(3) Å, β = 92.70(3)°, V = 1052.5 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0441, wRref(F2) = 0.1171, T = 113 K.
Crystal structure of bis(cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylato)bis[aqua-(2,2'- dipyridyl) di cadmium(II)] monohydrate, C36H44Cd2N4O12
Authors: Liang Peng , Wu Wei , Tian Wei-Man , Ren Tia-Tian , Xia Wen-Xiu , Yin Xian-Hong 
Published: February 2013

Abstract C36H44Cd2N4O12, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.471(2) Å, b = 10.042(2) Å, c = 10.926(2) Å, α = 88.234(2)°, β = 69.891(2)°, γ = 73.314(2)°, V = 932.0 Å3, Z = 1, Rgt(F) = 0.0284, wRref(F2) = 0.0856, T = 296 K.
Electrocatalytic Evaluation of Shape-Dependent Platinum Nanocatalysts towards Methanol Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Wu Hong , Wang Yuxuan , Porter Nathan , Lin Cuikun , Fang Jiye 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTElectrocatalytic activity and stability of platinum nanocubes and nanospheres were comparatively investigated towards methanol oxidation reaction. The results indicate that the {100}-bounded Pt nanocubes exhibit not only higher catalytic activity but also higher stability compared with the mixed crystallographic facet-terminated Pt nanospheres.
Properties of Sputter Deposited ZnO Films Co-doped with Lithium and Phosphorus
Authors: Oder T. N. , Smith A. , Freeman M. , McMaster M. , Cai B. , Nakarmi M. L. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThin films of ZnO co-doped with lithium and phosphorus were deposited on sapphire substrates by RF magnetron sputtering. The films were sequentially deposited from ultra pure ZnO and Li3PO4 solid targets. Post deposition annealing was carried using a rapid thermal processor in O2 and N2 at temperatures ranging from 500 °C to 1000 °C for 3 min. Analyses performed using low temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy measurements reveal luminescence peaks at 3.359, 3.306, 3.245 eV for the co-doped samples. The x-ray diffraction 2θ-scans for all the films showed a single peak at about 34.4° with full width at half maximum of about 0.17°. Hall Effect measurements revealed conductivities that change from p-type to n-type over time.
Fumonisin B1: A Neurotoxic Mycotoxin / Fumonizin B1: Neurotoksični Mikotoksin
Authors: Domijan Ana-Marija 
Published: February 2013

AbstractFumonisin B1 (FB1) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium spp. moulds that contaminate crop, predominantly maize, all around the world. More than 15 types of fumonisins have been indentified so far, but FB1 is the most abundant and toxicologically the most significant one. FB1 has a wide range of toxic effects, depending on animal species. In horses FB1 causes equine leukoencephalomalacia (ELEM), in pigs pulmonary oedema and in experimental rodents nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. In humans exposure to FB1 is linked with higher incidence of primary liver cancer and oesophageal cancer, which are frequent in certain regions of the world (such as Transkei region in South Africa) where maize is staple food. The occurrence of neural tube defect in children in some countries of Central America (such as Mexico and Honduras) is connected with the consumption of FB1-contaminated maize-based food. However, possible involvement of FB1 in the development of human diseases is not clear. Nevertheless, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified FB1 as a possible carcinogen to humans (group 2B).FB1 is a causative agent of ELEM, a brain disorder in equines, indicating that brain is a target organ of FB1 toxicity. Several studies on experimental animals or on cell cultures of neural origin have established that FB1 has a neurodegenerative potential, although the mechanism of its neurotoxicity is still vague. The aim of this article is to give an overview of available literature on FB1 neurotoxicity and involved mechanisms, and to offer a new perspective for future studies.
Climate Change and the Ageing Population: Enforcing the Rights to Life and Health Under Human Rights, Health and Climate Change Regimes
Authors: Alabi Saheed A. 
Published: February 2013

This article explores potential methods of protecting the ageing population from the consequences of climate change. It discusses the enforcement of the "right to life" (the right to live a life free from environmental degradation) and/or health relating to the environment in protection of the ageing population. Many countries have codified the right to life and/or health in their constitutions. In order to enjoy this right, it is essential that a clean and healthy environment be secured.Thus, this article assesses the consideration of climate change by international human rights and health regimes. It also examines whether climate obligations such as emissions reduction, climate impact assessment, mitigation and adaptation can be enforced through these regimes. The article suggests that expanding the purview of new international climate policies that address the public health of the ageing population will fill the absence of health policies under the climate regime. Finally, after proposing that climate litigation through human rights enforcement may reshape global responses to adverse effects of climate change on the ageing population, the article suggests additional ways to achieve such feats.
Delivery of Environmental Services of Sorsogon City LGU: Basis for an Extension Program
Authors: Ocbian Magdalena M. , Bravo Anthony M. 
Published: February 2013

Environmental services are integral to basic Social Sciences. This is a descriptive developmental research aimed to determine the efficiency and effectiveness of LGU Sorsogon City in the delivery of environmental services as a basis in designing a collaborative extension program. The respondents were 206 local officials and 394 residents/constituents of selected communities of Sorsogon City. A validated researcher-made questionnaire was the instrument used in data gathering. Frequency count, percentage and weighted means were used to analyze the data. Results revealed that solid waste collection was the top environmental program being delivered by LGU Sorsogon City as perceived by the two groups of respondents, followed by solid waste generation, tree planting and water shed reserve maintenance. Other environment services which received high frequencies were solid waste transfer and transport, sea and river guard, water pollution control and forest guard and illegal logging control. The delivery of services and facilities was rated as moderately efficient and effective by both the constituents and local officials of Sorsogon City. From this result, a collaborative extension program was designed to mitigate climate change in Sorsogon City. Keywords - Environment, services, Sorsogon City, extension program, climate change, Sorsogon City, Philippines
Fibromyalgia Prevalence, Somatic Symptom Reporting, and the Dimensionality of Polysymptomatic Distress: Results From a Survey of the General Population
Authors: Wolfe Frederick , Brähler Elmar , Hinz Andreas , Häuser Winfried 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate fibromyalgia in the general population with emphasis on prevalence, dimensionality, and somatic symptom severity.MethodsWe studied 2,445 subjects randomly selected from the German general population in 2012 using the American College of Rheumatology 2010 preliminary diagnostic criteria for fibromyalgia, as modified for survey research, and the polysymptomatic distress scale (PSD). Anxiety, depression, and somatic symptom severity were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) series, and measures of symptoms and quality of life were assessed with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer questionnaire.ResultsThe prevalence of fibromyalgia was 2.1% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.6, 2.7), with 2.4% (95% CI 1.5, 3.2) in women and 1.8% (95% CI 1.1, 2.6) in men, but the difference was not statistically significant. Prevalence rose with age. Fibromyalgia subjects had markedly abnormal scores for all covariates. We found smooth, nondisordered relationships between PSD and all predictors, providing additional evidence against the hypothesis that fibromyalgia is a discrete disorder and in support of a dimensional or spectrum disorder. There was a strong correlation (r = 0.790) between the PSD and the PHQ somatic symptom severity scale; 38.5% of persons with fibromyalgia satisfied the proposed Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria for a physical symptom disorder.ConclusionThe modified 2010 diagnostic criteria do not result in high levels of fibromyalgia. PSD and fibromyalgia are strongly related to somatic symptom severity. There is evidence in support of fibromyalgia as a dimensional or continuum disorder. This has important ramifications for neurobiologic and epidemiology research, and for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and ascertainment of disability.
A One‐Step and Binder‐Free Method to Fabricate Hierarchical Nickel‐Based Supercapacitor Electrodes with Excellent Performance
Authors: Zhang Guoge , Li Wenfang , Xie Keyu , Yu Fei , Huang Haitao 
Published: February 2013

AbstractResearch is currently being carried out in the search for alternative electrode materials to replace the expensive and toxic RuO2‐based electrode. As a typical example, nickel oxide or hydroxide has been widely studied but the results are far from satisfactory. Here, using a facile one‐step anodization method, a hierarchical nickel compound (HNC) film with an interconnecting 3D nanoflake structure is obtained, providing large electrochemically active surface area and interconnecting nanoscale pore channels for ion transport. The HNC electrode demonstrates significantly improved capacitance, 70 times higher than the reported NiO‐TiO2 nanotube array electrode with similar thickness. The charge/discharge kinetics are also superior, showing only a 24% capacitance reduction when the scan rate is increased by 50 times, as compared with the typical 70% capacitance reduction for pseudocapacitor electrodes under the same conditions. HNC exhibits an extraordinary excellent cycle life; capacitance increases to 115% after 4500 test cycles. Furthermore, because HNC is in intimate contact with the current collector, it is not necessary to use conducting agents or binders, which reduces the electrode weight and facilitates the electrode preparation process. The method is low cost, facile, scalable, additive free, and is promising for fabricating supercapacitor electrode with excellent performance.
On‐Substrate Preparation of an Electroactive Conjugated Polyazomethine from Solution‐Processable Monomers and its Application in Electrochromic Devices
Authors: Sicard Lambert , Navarathne Daminda , Skalski Thomas , Skene W. G. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAn electroactive polyazomethine is prepared from a solution processable 2,5‐diaminothiophene derivative and 4,4′‐triphenylamine dialdehyde by spray‐coating the monomers on substrates, including indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass and native glass slides. The conjugated polymer was rapidly formed in situ by heating the substrates at 120 °C for 30 min in an acid saturated atmosphere. The resulting immobilized polymer is easily purified by rinsing the substrate with dichloromethane. The on‐substrate polymerization is tolerant towards large stoichiometry imbalances of the comonomers, unlike solution step‐growth polymerization. The resulting polyazomethine is electroactive and it can be switched reversibly between its neutral and oxidized states both electrochemically and chemically without degradation. A transmissive electrochromic device is fabricated from the immobilized polyazomethine on an ITO electrode. The resulting device is successfully cycled between its oxidized (dark blue) and neutral (cyan/light green) states with applied biases of +3.2 and ‐1.5 V under ambient conditions without significant color fatigue or polymer degradation. The coloration efficiency of the oxidized state at 690 nm is 102 cm2 C−1.
Na4‐αM2+α/2(P2O7)2 (2/3 ≤ α ≤ 7/8, M = Fe, Fe0.5Mn0.5, Mn): A Promising Sodium Ion Cathode for Na‐ion Batteries
Authors: Ha Kwang‐Ho , Woo Seung Hee , Mok Duckgyun , Choi Nam‐Soon , Park Yuwon , Oh Seung M. , Kim Youngshol , Kim Jeongsoo , Lee Junesoo , Nazar Linda F. , Lee Kyu Tae 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA new polyanion‐based compound, Na3.12M2.44(P2O7)2 (M = Fe, Fe0.5Mn0.5, Mn) is synthesized and examined as a cathode for Na ion batteries. Off‐stoichiometric synthesis induces the formation of a Na‐rich phase, Na3.32Fe2.34(P2O7)2 ‐ a member of the solid solution series Na4‐αFe2+α/2(P2O7)2 (2/3 ≤ α ≤ 7/8) ‐ which delivers a reversible capacity of about 85 mA h g−1 at ca. 3 V vs. Na/Na+ and exhibits very stable cycle performance. Above all, it shows fast kinetics for Na ions, delivering an almost constant 72% reversible capacity at rates between C/10 and 10C without the necessity for nanosizing or carbon coating. We attribute this to the spacious channel size along the a‐axis, along with a single phase transformation upon de/sodiation.
CDC7 inhibition blocks pathological TDP‐43 phosphorylation and neurodegeneration
Authors: Liachko Nicole F. , McMillan Pamela J. , Guthrie Chris R. , Bird Thomas D. , Leverenz James B. , Kraemer Brian C. 
Published: February 2013

ObjectiveKinase hyperactivity occurs in both neurodegenerative disease and cancer. Lesions containing hyperphosphorylated aggregated TDP‐43 characterize amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP‐43 inclusions. Dual phosphorylation of TDP‐43 at serines 409/410 (S409/410) drives neurotoxicity in disease models; therefore, TDP‐43–specific kinases are candidate targets for intervention.MethodsTo find therapeutic targets for the prevention of TDP‐43 phosphorylation, we assembled and screened a comprehensive RNA interference library targeting kinases in TDP‐43 transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans.ResultsWe show CDC7 robustly phosphorylates TDP‐43 at pathological residues S409/410 in C. elegans, in vitro, and in human cell culture. In frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)‐TDP cases, CDC7 immunostaining overlaps with the phospho–TDP‐43 pathology found in frontal cortex. Furthermore, PHA767491, a small molecule inhibitor of CDC7, reduces TDP‐43 phosphorylation and prevents TDP‐43–dependent neurodegeneration in TDP‐43–transgenic animals.InterpretationTaken together, these data support CDC7 as a novel therapeutic target for TDP‐43 proteinopathies, including FTLD‐TDP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2013;74:39–52
125 Jahre Chemie im Spiegel der “Angewandten”
Authors: Diederich François 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn dieser Übersicht wird die Entwicklung der Angewandten Chemie seit ihrer Gründung im Jahr 1887 untersucht und analysiert, wie ihr Inhalt die Veränderungen in der chemischern Forschung über die 125 Jahre widerspiegelt. Ursprünglich als Zeitschrift für angewandte – technische und analytische – Chemie gegründet, enthielt sie auch schon in ihren ersten 50 Jahren zahlreiche Übersichten und Referate, an denen die Meilensteine der breiteren chemischen Forschung schön verfolgt werden können. Mit der Gründung der International Edition 1962 wurde der Autorenkreis, der bis dahin vor allem aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum kam, zunehmend internationaler, und die Zeitschrift erlebte einen bewundernswerten Aufschwung, wobei sie heute mit ihrem attraktiven Layout, ihrem gelungenen Mix an publizierten Arbeiten und ihrem hohen Impact‐Faktor die weltweite chemische Forschung mit ihren Errungenschaften und ihren künftigen Herausforderungen in voller Breite abdeckt.
Target Identification for Small Bioactive Molecules: Finding the Needle in the Haystack
Authors: Ziegler Slava , Pries Verena , Hedberg Christian , Waldmann Herbert 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIdentification and confirmation of bioactive small‐molecule targets is a crucial, often decisive step both in academic and pharmaceutical research. Through the development and availability of several new experimental techniques, target identification is, in principle, feasible, and the number of successful examples steadily grows. However, a generic methodology that can successfully be applied in the majority of the cases has not yet been established. Herein we summarize current methods for target identification of small molecules, primarily for a chemistry audience but also the biological community, for example, the chemist or biologist attempting to identify the target of a given bioactive compound. We describe the most frequently employed experimental approaches for target identification and provide several representative examples illustrating the state‐of‐the‐art. Among the techniques currently available, protein affinity isolation using suitable small‐molecule probes (pulldown) and subsequent mass spectrometric analysis of the isolated proteins appears to be most powerful and most frequently applied. To provide guidance for rapid entry into the field and based on our own experience we propose a typical workflow for target identification, which centers on the application of chemical proteomics as the key step to generate hypotheses for potential target proteins.
Double monitoring of common and specific features for multimode process
Authors: Tong Chudong , Yan Xuefeng 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTA novel monitoring framework for multimode processes is proposed in this article. Generally, although the different modes have different process characteristics, they still share some common features, and the specific information is the unique characteristic that is not shared by all modes. On the basis of principal component analysis (PCA), a new statistical method, termed as local principal component analysis (LPCA), is developed for modeling multimode process data. LPCA is a modified version of PCA with the idea of maximizing local data variance, which aims to discover some directions that data, from all modes, share comparatively similar variance structure. In this low‐dimensional representation, the common features are captured and the residual corresponding to each mode can be treated as specific features. With the obtained LPCA model, both the common and specific features are utilized for monitoring. Moreover, a Bayesian inference strategy is further adopted to derive global indices of specific features for fault detection. Its feasibility and validity of the proposed method are illustrated through a simple multivariate linear system and the Tennessee Eastman challenge problem. © 2013 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of eggshell derived catalyst for transesterification of used cooking oil for biodiesel production
Authors: Navajas A. , Issariyakul T. , Arzamendi G. , Gandía L.M. , Dalai A.K. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThe major drawback that prevents commercialization of biodiesel is the high cost of vegetable oil feedstock. In this work, used cooking oil, which is much less expensive than fresh vegetable oil, is used as an alternative raw material. Prior to transesterification reaction, esterification was conducted and catalyzed homogeneously to eliminate free fatty acid. Heterogeneous catalyst derived from cheap and easily obtained egg‐shell (industrial waste) was used for transesterification reaction. A 100% ester yield was obtained at the optimized reaction conditions, which is 5 h of reaction duration, 24:1 methanol to oil molar ratio and 4 wt% catalyst loading. © 2013 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Curcumin and neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Monroy Adriana , Lithgow Gordon J. , Alavez Silvestre 
Published: February 2013

AbstractOver the last 10 years curcumin has been reported to be effective against a wide variety of diseases and is characterized as having anticarcinogenic, hepatoprotective, thrombosuppressive, cardioprotective, antiarthritic, and anti‐infectious properties. Recent studies performed in both vertebrate and invertebrate models have been conducted to determine whether curcumin was also neuroprotective. The efficacy of curcumin in several preclinical trials for neurodegenerative diseases has created considerable excitement mainly because of its lack of toxicity and low cost. This suggests that curcumin could be a worthy candidate for nutraceutical intervention. As aging is a common risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, it is possible that some compounds that target aging mechanisms could also prevent these kinds of diseases. One potential mechanism to explain several of the general health benefits associated with curcumin is that it may prevent aging‐associated changes in cellular proteins that lead to protein insolubility and aggregation. This loss in protein homeostasis is associated with several age‐related diseases. Recently, curcumin has been found to help maintain protein homeostasis and extend lifespan in the model invertebrate Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we review the evidence from several animal models that curcumin improves healthspan by preventing or delaying the onset of various neurodegenerative diseases. © 2013 BioFactors, 39(1):122–132, 2013
Stimuli‐Responsive magnetic nanoparticles for monoclonal antibody purification
Authors: Borlido Luís , Moura Leila , Azevedo Ana M. , Roque Ana C. A. , Aires‐Barros Maria R. , Farinha José Paulo S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are important therapeutic proteins. One of the challenges facing large‐scale production of monoclonal antibodies is the capacity bottleneck in downstream processing, which can be circumvented by using magnetic stimuli‐responsive polymer nanoparticles. In this work, stimuli‐responsive magnetic particles composed of a magnetic poly(methyl methacrylate) core with a poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐acrylic acid) (P(NIPAM‐co‐AA)) shell cross‐linked with N, N'‐methylenebisacrylamide were prepared by miniemulsion polymerization. The particles were shown to have an average hydrodynamic diameter of 317 nm at 18°C, which decreased to 277 nm at 41°C due to the collapse of the thermo‐responsive shell. The particles were superparamagnetic in behavior and exhibited a saturation magnetization of 12.6 emu/g. Subsequently, we evaluated the potential of these negatively charged stimuli‐responsive magnetic particles in the purification of a monoclonal antibody from a diafiltered CHO cell culture supernatant by cation exchange. The adsorption of antibodies onto P(NIPAM‐co‐AA)‐coated nanoparticles was highly selective and allowed for the recovery of approximately 94% of the mAb. Different elution strategies were employed providing highly pure mAb fractions with host cell protein (HCP) removal greater than 98%. By exploring the stimuli‐responsive properties of the particles, shorter magnetic separation times were possible without significant differences in product yield and purity.