bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodontitis in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: An 8‐Year Follow‐Up
Authors: Johansson Carin Starkhammar , Ravald Nils , Pagonis Christos , Richter Arina 
Published: May 2013

Background: This study examines whether preceding assessment of periodontal status in patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD) can predict future CAD endpoints (myocardial infarction, new revascularization procedure, or CAD‐related death) during 8‐year follow‐up and whether the changes in periodontal status over time differ in patients with CAD compared with healthy controls.Methods: In 2003, periodontal status was examined in 161 patients with CAD who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft due to significant stenosis in the coronary arteries and 162 controls without CAD. Eight years later, 126 patients with CAD (102 males and 24 females, mean age: 68 ± 8.9 years) and 121 controls (101 males and 20 females, mean age: 69 ± 9.0 years) were reexamined periodontally. A standard classification of periodontal disease in three groups (mild, moderate, and severe) was used. CAD endpoints during follow‐up were obtained by review of medical records. CAD as cause of death was confirmed from the Swedish Cause of Death Register.Results: No significant differences were found among patients with CAD, with or without CAD‐related endpoints at 8‐year follow‐up, and severity of periodontitis at baseline (P = 0.7). CAD did not influence the incidence or severity of periodontitis. Significant differences were found at the final examination in periodontitis prevalence and severity (P = 0.001), number of teeth (P = 0.006), probing depth 4 to 6 mm (P = 0.016), bleeding on probing (P = 0.001), and radiographic bone level (P = 0.042) between CAD patients and controls, all in favor of controls.Conclusions: The study results did not show a significant association during 8 years among CAD endpoints and periodontal status at baseline. The progression of periodontitis was low in both groups, although the higher proportion of individuals with severe periodontitis among patients with CAD compared with controls remained unchanged over the 8‐year follow‐up. Further long‐term prospective studies are needed to show whether periodontitis can be considered a risk or prognostic factor for CAD, in terms of endpoints including myocardial infarction, new revascularization procedure, and CAD‐related death.
Serum Antibody Responses to Periodontal Microbiota in Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis: A Postulate Revisited
Authors: Hwang Andrew M. , Stoupel Janet , Celenti Romanita , Demmer Ryan T. , Papapanou Panos N. 
Published: May 2013

Background: The authors revisited the 1999 International Workshop postulate of robust serum antibody responses to infecting agents in localized aggressive periodontitis (LAgP) and weak responses in generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP). Antibody responses were further examined in localized and generalized chronic periodontitis (LCP and GCP).Methods: The study includes 119 patients (60 males and 59 females, aged 11 to 76 years), 18 with LAgP, 37 with GAgP, 37 with LCP, and 27 with GCP. Multiple subgingival plaque samples/patient (1,057 in total) were analyzed with respect to 11 bacterial species using checkerboard DNA‐DNA hybridizations, and serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G levels were measured against the same bacteria using checkerboard immunoblotting. Further, infection ratios (antibody level over the average bacterial colonization by the homologous species) were computed for each patient. Comparisons of bacterial colonization, serum IgG levels, and infection ratios were made across the diagnostic categories using multivariable linear regression models adjusting for age and race/ethnicity.Results: There were no statistically significant differences in serum IgG levels to Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans among the four diagnostic categories. IgG levels to several species, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Campylobacter rectus, were highest in patients with GAgP and significantly different from LCP and GCP, but not from LAgP. Comparisons based on infection ratios showed no statistically significant differences for any species between GAgP and LAgP.Conclusion: This study provides evidence against the 1999 Workshop's postulate of weak serum antibody responses in patients with GAgP and shows that serum IgG responses in GAgP are comparable to those in LAgP, but higher than in GCP or LCP for several species.
The Role of Geomechanical Observation in Continuous Updating of Thermal-Recovery Simulations With the Ensemble Kalman Filter
Authors: Azad A.. , Chalaturnyk R.J.. J. 
Published: May 2013

Summary
In-situ thermal methods such as steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) and cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) are widely used in oil-sand reservoirs. The physics of such thermal processes is generally well-understood, and it has been shown that rock properties are highly influenced by the geomechanical behavior of the reservoir during these recovery processes. Geomechanics improves the process dynamically, and its response can depict the progress of production within a reservoir. However, the potential of geomechanical monitoring is not usually practiced. With increased implementation of highly instrumented wells and communication technologies providing real-time monitoring data from different sources, combining available data into reservoir geomechanical simulations can improve updating numerical models and the prediction process. This research explores effective uses of geomechanical observation data for history matching and types of geomechanical observation sources adequate for thermal recovery. The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF), combined with an iterative geomechanical coupled simulator, has been chosen as the data-assimilation algorithm to update the model continuously on the basis of geomechanical observations and production data. The results show that considering geomechanical modeling and observation improves history matching when geomechanical behavior plays a role in the process.
Post-Well Shale-Stability Modeling and History Matching in Norwegian North Sea
Authors: Nes Olav-Magnar , Bøe Reidar , Sønstebø Eyvind F. , Gran Kjetil , Wold Sturla , Saasen Arild , Fjogstad Arild 
Published: May 2013

Summary
Severe borehole-stability problems were encountered in a recent exploration well in the Norwegian North Sea. The problems occurred when drilling through Tertiary shale sections interbedded with permeable sand layers. Drilling was initially performed with water-based mud (WBM). However, because the section target was not able to be reached after more than 2 weeks of operation, the section was plugged back, and a sidetrack was drilled with an oil-based mud (OBM) without encountering major operational problems.
On the basis of the post-drill analysis of drilling data, well logs, drill cuttings, and borehole cavings sampled from the well, this paper describes how the complex combination of drilling-fluid salt concentration and geological constraints may be used to ensure successful future drilling operations in this part of the North Sea.
Cuttings and preserved cavings collected during the drilling operation were selected from several depth intervals identified as potentially troublesome from drilling experience and log data. The determination of cuttings mineralogy enabled a better prediction of how the time dependency of the stable drilling-fluid-density window is influenced by an interaction between the shale and the drilling fluid. Mechanical strength is a key input parameter when predicting borehole stability. Dedicated rock-mechanical punch measurements on cavings were used to confirm the prediction of strength from log data alone. The examination of caving surfaces revealed the possible presence of in-situ-fractured rock. Such fractures would require special measures while drilling to maintain stability.
Subsequently, a borehole-stability sensitivity analysis was performed that focused on time-dependent stability in the shale formations. The analysis used cuttings and cavings properties and logs as input. In particular, the modeling showed how the optimal potassium chloride (KCl) concentration in the drilling fluid changes with depth. The modeling further identified a relatively large sensitivity toward borehole inclination—even at fairly small inclinations. This paper thus illustrates the significance of properly accounting for rock-mechanical aspects when planning new wells.
Experimental Investigation of the VAPEX Process in Vuggy Porous Media
Authors: Rezaei N.. , Mohammadzadeh O.. , James L.A.. A. , Chatzis I.. 
Published: May 2013

Summary
In this paper, the application of the vapor extraction (VAPEX) process was investigated to recover Cold Lake bitumen from vuggy porous media with n-pentane as the hydrocarbon solvent. Seven different sintered glass-bead models were designed and fabricated—four of which were vugular media with different vuggy- to total-pore-volume (PV) ratios. The vugs were arranged in aligned and staggered configurations. Three homogeneous sintered glass-bead models of different permeability and porosity were also fabricated to serve as baselines. The vug sizes were controlled in a narrow size-distribution range by embedding wood particles of uniform volumes (20 mm3 each) in the packing of the glass-bead continuum, sandwiched between two parallel glass plates. The packing assembly was then sintered in the muffle furnace. For each particular VAPEX experiment, the oil-recovery performance was characterized by measurements [e.g., live-oil and dead-oil production rates, live-oil solvent content, and Residual Oil Saturation (ROS) (in the invaded area of the models)]. It was observed that the vugs significantly facilitated the live-oil production from the vuggy models compared with the corresponding homogeneous baseline model with the same matrix permeability. The increase in the vug porosity of the porous space significantly increased the live- and dead-oil production rates, and it slightly decreased the extent of ROS in the model. Unlike the sintered homogeneous models for which the live-oil-production rate remains reasonably constant during the lateral spreading phase of the VAPEX process, the vuggy-porosity models displayed a boost in the live-oil production rate when several vugs were being invaded by the solvent vapor. This behavior was more pronounced in the case of aligned vugs in which the vugs were closer to each other, and more vugs were invaded simultaneously compared with the case of a staggered-vug configuration. The enhanced pore-level mixing of solvent with bitumen, the improved petrophysical properties of the porous medium, and the flow communication of matrix with the vugs were found to enhance the live oil drainage towards the production well.
Preeclampsia and Prevalence of Microalbuminuria 10 Years Later
Authors: Sandvik Miriam Kristine , Hallan Stein , Svarstad Einar , Vikse Bjørn Egil 
Published: May 2013

SummaryBackground and objectivesA recent meta-analysis found that about 30% of women with a previous preeclamptic pregnancy had persistent microalbuminuria at follow-up. The analysis was, however, based on small studies, and more data are needed.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsUsing data from the Medical Birth Registry in Norway, this study identified women with or without preeclampsia in their first pregnancy 9–11 years previously (1998–2000). Women with diabetes, rheumatic disease, essential hypertension, or renal disease before first pregnancy and/or preeclampsia in later pregnancies were excluded. Eighty-nine women with and 69 women without preeclampsia participated in the study. Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) was measured in three morning urine samples. Estimated GFR (eGFR) was calculated using the CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration formula.ResultsMedian urinary ACR in follow-up urine samples was 0.53 mg/mmol for women with and 0.50 mg/mmol for women without preeclampsia (P=0.54). Only one woman (1%) with previous preeclampsia had urinary ACR >2.5 mg/mmol in two of three urine samples. Preeclampsia was not associated with urinary ACR above the 75th percentile. Women with preeclampsia did not have significantly higher eGFR than women without preeclampsia (107.9 versus 104.9 ml/min per 1.73 m2;P=0.12), but preterm preeclampsia was significantly associated with eGFR above the 75th percentile (P=0.03).ConclusionsIn this population-based study of otherwise healthy women, preeclampsia 10 years earlier was not associated with increased risk of persisting microalbuminuria. Estimated GFR was not significantly different between women with and those without preeclampsia, but preterm preeclampsia was associated with high normal eGFR.
Effect of cephalograms on decisions for early orthodontic treatment
Authors: Ritschel Robert , Bechtold Till E. , Berneburg Mirjam 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To assess the extent to which cephalograms modify therapeutic decisions related to early orthodontic treatment.

Materials and Methods:
Diagnostic records of six patients requiring early treatment were digitized for this purpose. A total of 234 orthodontists were then asked to select therapeutic measures on a treatment-planning sheet at two different times (T1 and T2). Three groups of orthodontists were formed and were provided with case-specific records either including or not including cephalograms and the appended tracing values. Forty-seven orthodontists completed all phases of the questions.

Results:
Statistical analysis revealed only two statistically significant differences between the first (T1) and second (T2) treatment plans, both concerning options of transverse treatment. None of the other results showed any significant changes from T1 to T2 treatment planning.

Conclusion:
It follows that cephalograms did not influence therapeutic decisions for early orthodontic treatment and should not be routinely used in very young patients.
No Racial Differences in the Association of Glycated Hemoglobin With Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Authors: Selvin Elizabeth , Rawlings Andreea M. , Bergenstal Richard M. , Coresh Josef , Brancati Frederick L. 
Published: May 2013

OBJECTIVE
There is debate regarding the clinical significance of well-established racial differences in HbA1c. We compared the associations of diabetes diagnostic categories for HbA1c and fasting glucose with clinical outcomes in black and white persons in the community.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We conducted a prospective cohort analysis of participants without diabetes or cardiovascular disease from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. We examined the associations of clinical categories of HbA1c (&lt;5.7%, 5.7–6.4%, ≥6.5%) and fasting glucose (&lt;100, 100–125, ≥126 mg/dL) with outcomes separately among 2,484 black and 8,593 white participants and tested for race interactions.

RESULTS
Baseline characteristics differed significantly in blacks compared with whites, including HbA1c (5.8 vs. 5.4%; P &lt; 0.001). During 18 years of follow-up, there were trends of increased risk of kidney disease, fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease, and stroke across categories of HbA1c in both blacks and whites. The adjusted hazard ratios for each outcome across categories of HbA1c were similar in blacks and whites (P for interaction &gt;0.05) except for all-cause mortality. Patterns of association were similar, but weaker, for fasting glucose. HbA1c and fasting glucose both were more strongly associated with all-cause mortality in whites compared with blacks, largely explained by racial differences in the rate of cardiovascular deaths.

CONCLUSIONS
HbA1c is a risk factor for vascular outcomes and mortality in both black and white adults. Patterns of association for HbA1c were similar to or stronger than those for fasting glucose. With respect to long-term outcomes, our findings support a similar interpretation of HbA1c in blacks and whites for diagnosis and treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Rapid Increase in Diabetes Incidence Among Chinese Canadians Between 1996 and 2005
Authors: Alangh Avreet , Chiu Maria , Shah Baiju R. 
Published: May 2013

OBJECTIVE
To examine trends in diabetes incidence among Ontario residents with Chinese and European origins.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Respondents to population-based health surveys in 1996, 2001, 2003, and 2005 who were aged ≥30 years, who did not have diabetes, and who self-identified as having European (n = 76,285) or Chinese (n = 1,041) origins were followed for diabetes incidence through a validated administrative data–derived diabetes registry.

RESULTS
Age- and sex-standardized diabetes incidence increased from 1.3 to 19.6 per 1,000 person-years in the Chinese population and from 7.8 to 10.0 in the European population. Relative to the 1996 European population, the adjusted hazard ratio for diabetes was 4.50 (95% CI 1.89–7.49) for the 2005 Chinese population and 1.22 (1.05–1.39) for the 2005 European population.

CONCLUSIONS
Diabetes incidence increased much more rapidly between 1996 and 2005 in the Chinese population than in the European population, independent of age, obesity, and other risk factors.
Structural and functional cardiovascular changes and their consequences following interventional patent ductus arteriosus occlusion in dogs: 24 cases (2000–2006)
Authors: Stauthammer Christopher D. , Tobias Anthony H. , Leeder Damon B. , Krüger Maxie U. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Objective—To investigate cardiovascular changes and survival times following complete interventional device occlusion of uncomplicated left-to-right shunting patent ductus arteriosus in dogs.
Design—Retrospective cohort study.
Animals—24 dogs with uncomplicated patent ductus arteriosus that was fully occluded and reevaluated within 24 hours, approximately 3 months, and 1 year after the procedure.
Procedures—Information on medical history, diagnostic imaging findings, treatment received, and survival times were obtained from medical records. Patients were allocated into 2 groups on the basis of age (< 1 year [n = 14] and ≥ 1 year [10]) at the time of the procedure. Additional follow-up information was obtained through interviews of owners and referral veterinarians.
Results—Following ductal occlusion, decreases were detected in vertebral heart scale size, left ventricular chamber diameter in diastole and in systole, left atrial dimension, fractional shortening, aortic velocity, and ventricular wall thickness. There were no differences between age groups for postocclusion changes except vertebral heart scale size. Systolic dysfunction was detected in 14 (58%) patients on the final visit. Median survival time for all dogs after ductal occlusion was > 11.5 years.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Complete ductal occlusion resulted in immediate removal of the volume overload state and eventual return of cardiac chamber dimensions to reference range, suggesting regression of eccentric hypertrophy. Systolic dysfunction persisted in some dogs but appeared to be clinically unimportant. Most cardiovascular changes were independent of patient age at the time of the procedure.
The first synthesis of 3-deoxyoripavine and its utilization in the preparation of 10-deoxyaporphines and cyprodime
Authors: Sipos Attila , Udvardy Antal , Bényei Attila , Berényi Sándor 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The synthesis of 3-deoxyoripavine (7) was realized as a novel and promising intermediate towards the synthesis of the important class of dopaminergic and/or serotonergic 10-deoxyaporphines and the special pharmacological tool µ opioid antagonist cyprodime. Generally, the preparation of these valuable biologically active compounds was achieved in remarkable yields.
A simple TLC and HPTLC method for separation of selected steroid drugs
Authors: Nowakowska Joanna , Pikul Piotr , Ciura Krzesimir , Piotrowicz Jakub 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Chromatographic properties of five steroid drugs: cortisone, hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone and norgestrel have been studied by normal-, reversed-phase and hydrophilic neutral cyano-bonded silica stationary phase with five binary mobile phases (acetonitrile-water, acetonitrile-DMSO, acetonitrile-methanol, acetone-petroleum ether, acetone-water) in which the concentration of organic modifier was varied from 0 to 100% (v/v). This study reports the optimization of steroid hormones separation. Chromatographic retention data and possible retention mechanisms are discussed. Separation abilities of mobile and stationary phases were studied using the principal component analysis method. The best separation of methylprednisolone and prednisolone is with a chromatographic system included silica gel as stationary phase and mixture of acetonitrile and DMSO (10:90 v/v). These two anti-inflammatory drugs can be fast separated from norgestrel when CN is used as stationary phase and acetone and water (40:60 v/v) as mobile phase. The highest values of the parameter Δ(ΔG°) and alfa for cortisone and hydrocortisone was observed in case of using CN as stationary phase and water-acetonitryle (40:60 v/v) as mobile phase.
Evaluation of the ONIOM(B3PW91:HF) hybrid method for modeling butyltin chlorides
Authors: Matczak Piotr 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The ONIOM(B3PW91:HF) hybrid method has been evaluated for the purposes of modeling butyltin chlorides, XnSnCl4-n (X = n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl; n = 1, 2, 3). Three different partitioning schemes of a molecule within ONIOM(B3PW91:HF) were taken into account. For each of these partitioning schemes, conformational analyses of the XnSnCl4-n molecules were performed and then several molecular properties of the resulting rotamers were calculated. The values of molecular properties obtained by ONIOM(B3PW91:HF) were compared in a statistical manner with the reference values calculated by B3PW91. A careful choice of partitioning scheme for XnSnCl4-n allowed ONIOM(B3PW91:HF) to achieve a significant saving in computational cost, together with a relatively small decrease in the accuracy of the XnSnCl4-n molecular properties routinely obtained from conformational analysis (structural parameters, etc.). Unfortunately, the hybrid method turned out to be ineffective in reproducing the 1H, 13C and 119Sn NMR chemical shifts in XnSnCl4-n accurately.
Analysis of the main conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) precursors (C18:2 n-6 and C18:3 n-3) in Brachiaria ruzizienses by capillary zone electrophoresis
Authors: Jesus Coelho Castro Renata , Sobrinho Fausto , Sundfeld da Gama Marco , Castro Barra Patrícia , Antoniassi Rosemar , Oliveira Marcone 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
An alternative method for extraction optimization of C18:2 n-6 and C18:3 n-3, the main precursors for the synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), in Brachiaria ruzizienses forages was proposed. Three methods of lipid extraction were tested: 1. Hara &amp; Radin, 2. Micro Folch and 3. Bligh &amp; Dyer. The preliminary test showed the Hara &amp; Radin method as the most promising procedure. Then, a 33 Box Behnken design with triplicate in the central point was applied in Hara &amp; Radin method in order to optimize the extraction procedure. The optimization extraction was monitored by quantification of C18:2 n-6 and C18:3 n-3 through capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). The results obtained by CZE were compared to gas chromatography (AOCS official method) in real samples using the paired t-test. No significant difference between methods was found within a 95% confidence interval (p-value= 0.937). The alternative CZE method for Brachiaria ruzizienses forages analysis has some advantages in comparison with official GC method such as, short analysis time (10 min), no derivatization step for sample preparation, absence of specific separation columns, lower analytical cost and high throughput.