bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Political Side of Social Enterprises: A Phenomenon‐Based Study of Sociocultural and Policy Advocacy
Authors: Mair Johanna , Rathert Nikolas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study explores the often‐overlooked political dimension of social enterprises, particularly their advocacy activities aimed at influencing public policy, legislation, norms, attitudes, and behaviour. While traditional management research has focused on commercial activity and the beneficiary‐oriented aspects of social enterprises, this paper considers their upstream political activity. Using a phenomenon‐based approach, we analyse original survey data from 718 social enterprises across seven countries and six problem domains to identify factors associated with their engagement in advocacy. Our findings reveal that public spending and competition in social enterprises’ problem domains, as well as their governance choices – legal form, sources of income, and collaborations – are significantly associated with advocacy activities. We propose a new theoretical framework to understand these dynamics, positioning social enterprises as key players in markets for public purpose. This research underscores the importance of recognizing the political activities of social enterprises and offers new insights for studying hybrid organizing and organizations that address complex societal challenges. By highlighting the integral role of advocacy, our study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of how social enterprises drive social change, not only through direct service provision but also by shaping the broader sociopolitical environment.
A Protocol to Determine Circadian Phase by At‐Home Salivary Dim Light Melatonin Onset Assessment
Authors: Murray Jade M. , Stone Julia E. , Abbott Sabra M. , Bjorvatn Bjorn , Burgess Helen J. , Cajochen Christian , Dekker Jip J. , Duffy Jeanne F. , Epstein Lawrence J. , Garbazza Corrado , Harsh John , Klerman Elizabeth B. , Lane Jacqueline M. , Lockley Steven W. , Pavlova Milena K. , Quan Stuart F. , Reid Kathryn J. , Scheer Frank A. J. L. , Sletten Tracey L. , Wright Kenneth P. , Zee Phyllis C. , Phillips Andrew J. K. , Czeisler Charles A. , Rajaratnam Shantha M. W. ,   International Association of Circadian Health Clinics
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTInternal circadian phase assessment is increasingly acknowledged as a critical clinical tool for the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of circadian rhythm sleep−wake disorders and for investigating circadian timing in other medical disorders. The widespread use of in‐laboratory circadian phase assessments in routine practice has been limited, most likely because circadian phase assessment is not required by formal diagnostic nosologies, and is not generally covered by insurance. At‐home assessment of salivary dim light melatonin onset (DLMO, a validated circadian phase marker) is an increasingly accepted approach to assess circadian phase. This approach may help meet the increased demand for assessments and has the advantages of lower cost and greater patient convenience. We reviewed the literature describing at‐home salivary DLMO assessment methods and identified factors deemed to be important to successful implementation. Here, we provide specific protocol recommendations for conducting at‐home salivary DLMO assessments to facilitate a standardized approach for clinical and research purposes. Key factors include control of lighting, sampling rate, and timing, and measures of patient compliance. We include findings from implementation of an optimization algorithm to determine the most efficient number and timing of samples in patients with Delayed Sleep−Wake Phase Disorder. We also provide recommendations for assay methods and interpretation. Providing definitive criteria for each factor, along with detailed instructions for protocol implementation, will enable more widespread adoption of at‐home circadian phase assessments as a standardized clinical diagnostic, monitoring, and treatment tool.
Prevalence of sleep disturbances among intensive care nurses: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Gong Fengxiang , Mei YuChen , He Yuting , Tang Chao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundDemanding intensive care unit (ICU) work environments may lead to sleep disturbances in nurses, impacting their health and potentially patient safety. Yet, the prevalence remains unclear around the world.AimsTo quantify the prevalence of sleep disturbances in intensive care nurses.Study DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis. A database search was conducted in Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and CINAHL from their inception to April 2024 for relevant studies. Data from observational studies (cross‐sectional or cohort) that reported the prevalence of sleep disturbances, assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI > 5), pooled in random‐effects meta‐analyses. Subgroup analyses were used to investigate variations in the prevalence estimates in terms of available variables. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses (PRISMA)‐compliant protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023476428).ResultsIn total, 24 articles were included in this study published from 1996 to 2023. Included studies were from 15 unique countries. Almost all of the studies were descriptive cross‐sectional studies (n = 22; 91.7%). The included studies encompassed a range of intensive care nurses, from 42 to 605, involving a total of 3499 intensive care nurses. The reported proportion of intensive care nurses with sleep disturbances ranged from 20.0% to 100.0%, with a median of 76.7% (interquartile range: 62.9–85.7). The pooled prevalence of sleep disturbances in intensive care nurses was 75.1% (95% confidence interval: 37.2–53.1; 95% prediction interval: 30.5–95.4).ConclusionsSleep disturbance is a common issue in intensive care nurses. The study results highlight the importance of implementing effective interventions as early as possible to improve ICU sleep quality.Relevance to Clinical PracticeHigh prevalence of sleep disturbances among intensive care nurses necessitates global interventions. Gender‐neutral approaches that acknowledge comparable risks and stable prevalence over time require long‐term strategies. Raising awareness through programmes is vital for implementing evidence‐based interventions to promote sleep health in intensive care nurses.
Acute care of cyclic vomiting syndrome and cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome in the home and emergency department for: Special supplement/proceedings of 3rd international symposium
Authors: Levinthal David J. , Killian Blynda , Issenman Robert M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundCyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) and cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) are both characterized by episodic, acute transitions from asymptomatic states to highly symptomatic states of nausea, repetitive vomiting, and often severe abdominal pain. Patients with CVS and CHS face significant challenges to abort or mitigate episodes at home and often require emergency department (ED)‐based care.PurposeThis paper reviews the current treatment approach to abort acute CVS and CHS episodes at home and in ED settings. Multiple pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions have been demonstrated to potentially abort CVS or CHS episodes. Systemic pharmacologic agents often used as abortive therapy include triptans, antiemetics, anxiolytics, NK‐1 receptor antagonists, antipsychotics, sedatives in general, and various analgesic / anti‐inflammatory medications. Nonsystemic, nonpharmacologic approaches include reducing external stimuli (quiet room, dim lights, etc.), and hot water bathing or the application of topical capsaicin cream. More research is needed to develop evidence‐based, individualized abortive treatment plans, as well as to determine whether the abortive treatment for CVS requires a fundamentally different approach than for CHS. When home‐based approaches fail, all patients with CVS or CHS should receive nonjudgmental, informed, and compassionate care in the ED to abort their episode. Patients with more severe forms of CVS/CHS who require more frequent ED utilization should develop care plans with their ED to assure predictable and effective treatment.
Pleomorphic adenoma and carcinoma ex‐pleomorphic adenoma tumorigenesis: A proteomic analysis
Authors: Zanella Virgílio Gonzales , Costa Sara Ferreira Dos Santos , Schuch Lauren Frenzel , Pilar Emily Ferreira Salles , Paes Leme Adriana Franco , dos Santos Jean Nunes , Khurram Syed Ali , Elalawy Fatima , Bingle Lynne , Nunes Fabio Daumas , Fonseca Felipe Paiva , Vargas Pablo Agustin , Martins Manoela Domingues , Wagner Vivian Petersen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo conduct a comprehensive proteomic analysis of normal salivary gland tissue, pleomorphic adenoma (PA), and carcinoma ex‐pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA), and validate the proteomic findings using immunohistochemistry.MethodsSix normal salivary gland tissues, seven PA and seven CXPA samples underwent laser microdissection followed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Protein identification and quantification were performed using MaxQuant software. Statistical analysis and functional enrichment were conducted using the Perseus platform and STRING tool, respectively. Immunohistochemistry was used for validation.ResultsComparative proteomic analysis revealed 2680 proteins across the three tissue types, with 799 significantly altered between groups. Translocation protein SEC63 homolog, Annexin A6 and Biglycan were up‐regulated in CXPA compared to PA. Decorin was markedly up‐regulated in both PA and CXPA compared to normal salivary gland (log2 fold changes of 7.58 and 7.38, respectively). Validation confirmed elevated levels of Biglycan and Decorin in the extracellular matrix of CXPA compared to PA.ConclusionsProteomic analysis identified differential protein expression patterns associated with malignant transformation of PA into CXPA. Findings indicate a crucial role for extracellular matrix proteins, specifically Biglycan and Decorin, in the tumorigenic progression of PA and CXPA.
Current Status and Outcomes of Living Donor Liver Transplantation for Pediatric Acute Liver Failure: Results From a Multicenter Retrospective Study Over Two Decades
Authors: Uchida Hajime , Hong Suk Kyun , Okumura Shinya , Cherukuru Ramkiran , Sanada Yukihiro , Yamada Yohei , Reddy Mettu Srinivas , Matsuura Toshiharu , Hara Takanobu , Chen Chao‐Long , Yi Nam‐Joon , Ikegami Toru , Kasahara Mureo ,   The iLDLT Vanguard Multi‐center Study Committee
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAlthough the outcomes of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) have improved, patient survival remains lower than in patients with chronic liver disease. We investigated whether the poor outcomes of LDLT for PALF persisted in the contemporary transplant era.MethodsWe analyzed 193 patients who underwent LDLT between December 2000 and December 2020. The outcomes of patients managed in 2000–2010 (era 1) and 2011–2020 (era 2) were compared.ResultsThe median age at the time of LDLT was 1.2 years both eras. An unknown etiology was the major cause in both groups. Patients in era 1 were more likely to have surgical complications, including hepatic artery and biliary complications (p = 0.001 and p = 0.013, respectively). The era had no impact on the infection rate after LDLT (cytomegalovirus, Epstein–Barr virus, and sepsis). The mortality rates of patients and grafts in era one were significantly higher (p = 0.03 and p = 0.047, respectively). The 1‐ and 5‐year survival rates were 76.4% and 70.9%, respectively, in era 1, while they were 88.3% and 81.9% in era 2 (p = 0.042). Rejection was the most common cause of graft loss in both groups. In the multivariate analysis, sepsis during the 30 days after LDLT was independently associated with graft loss (p = 0.002).ConclusionsThe survival of patients with PALF has improved in the contemporary transplant era. The early detection and proper management of rejection in patients, while being cautious of sepsis, should be recommended to improve outcomes further.
Comparison of Long‐Term Outcomes Achieved With Live Donor and Split Deceased Donor Liver Grafts in Pediatric Liver Transplantation
Authors: Barbier Louise , Hitchins Charlotte , Carr‐Boyd Peter , Evans Helen M. , McCall John 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to compare the outcomes of pediatric LT with left liver grafts, obtained either from a living donor (LD) or a split deceased donor (sDD).MethodsRetrospective single‐center study from 2002 to 2022. All pediatric LT with left liver grafts (not including middle hepatic vein) from LD or sDD were included. Reduced grafts were not included.ResultsA total of 112 pediatric LT were performed: 58 with LD grafts and 54 with sDD grafts (17 split ex situ and 37 in situ). Donor characteristics were similar, apart from donor age (33 years in LD vs. 30 years in sDD, p = 0.03). Indications were similar with 55% biliary atresia in each group. Retransplantation was more frequently performed in the sDD group (2% vs. 15%, p = 0.01). Recipient age, weight, and PELD score at transplant were not significantly different between groups. Cold ischemia time was longer for sDD (158 min in LD vs. 390 min in sDD; p < 0.0001). Posttransplant peak ALT was higher with sDD grafts (1470 vs. 1063, p = 0.018), and hospital stay was longer with sDD grafts (27 vs. 21 days, p = 0.005). However, there was no difference between groups in terms of major morbidity (Dindo‐Clavien grade ≥3), vascular and biliary complications, and 90‐day mortality. Patient survival at 10 years was 93.1% for LD and 92.8% for sDD (p = 0.807). Graft survival at 10 years was 89.7% for LD and 83.1% for sDD (p = 0.813).ConclusionsTechnically similar LD and sDD grafts achieve very similar postoperative and long‐term outcomes with excellent patient and graft survival.
Pharmacological Treatment for Dialysis‐Related Muscle Cramps: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mantilla‐Manosalva Nidia , Guadarrama Santiago , Bedoya‐Muñoz Lennis Jazmin , Giraldo‐Moreno Sara , Cuellar‐Valencia Laura , Iriarte‐Aristizábal María Fernanda , León Marta Ximena , Mendoza‐Montenegro Fernan Alejandro , Correa‐Morales Juan Esteban 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPatients with end‐stage renal disease undergoing dialysis suffer from muscle cramps, a prevalent and burdensome symptom for which there is a paucity of efficient and safe treatments.AimWhat is the efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of dialysis‐related muscle cramps?DesignA systematic review was conducted in OVID, CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, and Central Cochrane databases up to August 25, 2023.Data SourcesExperimental studies reporting on a pharmacological intervention for the treatment of dialysis‐related muscle cramps were included. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis, and the studies quality was assessed with the RoB2 tool.ResultsA total of 4660 studies were retrieved, and 13 articles were included. The studies reported on nine interventions: vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K2, vitamin B7, dextrose solutions, gabapentin, sodium chloride, creatine monohydrate, and L‐carnitine. The studies testing L‐carnitine and creatine monohydrate were the only ones deemed to have a low risk of bias. Side effects were reported in only two trials, consisting primarily of gastrointestinal discomfort and hyperglycemia. Vitamins C and E are the two most studied interventions that showed positive results in reducing the frequency, severity, and duration of dialysis‐related muscle cramps. L‐carnitine is a promising intervention that warrants further investigation.ConclusionOur review consolidates the existing evidence, elucidating the range of treatments along with their potential benefits and limitations. Future studies should uphold high‐quality standards, incorporate patient‐reported outcomes, and utilize well‐defined, robust samples to improve patient care.
Specific antibody responses to Qβ‐displayed Plasmodium falciparum‐derived UB05 and MSP3 proteins in mother–neonate couples
Authors: Lissom Abel , Megnekou Rosette , Tchouangueu Thibau Flaurant , Ngu Loveline , Djontu Jean Claude , Ouambo Herve Fotso , Sanders Carrie , Tchadji Jules Colince , Sake Carole Stephanie , Tchuandom Salomon Bonsi , Bawage Swapnil , Okoli Arinze Stanley , Park Chae Gyu , Waffo Alain Bopda , Godwin Nchinda Wapimewah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMalaria blood‐stage parasite is a critical pathogenic stage responsible for serious adverse outcomes in pregnant women and their neonates. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody responses specific to various asexual blood‐stage antigens were well reported in non‐pregnant individuals. However, little is still known during placental malaria. To assess the antibody responses specific to Plasmodium falciparum‐derived MSP3 and UB05 malaria vaccine candidates in mother‐neonate couples, mother's peripheral blood and neonate's cord blood samples were collected at delivery. After malaria diagnostic, plasma levels of IgG and IgG subclass responses specific to UB05, MSP3 and UB05‐MSP3 were determined using ELISA. As outcomes, both mothers and neonates had significantly higher IgG responses to UB05 and UB05‐MSP3 compared to anti‐MSP3 IgG (p < 0.05), irrespective of malaria status. Significant negative correlations were observed between IgG levels specific to the three antigens and parasitaemia (p < 0.01). Anti‐UB05 and anti‐UB05‐MSP3 IgG levels in neonates showed a significant positive correlation with the corresponding mothers' antibodies (rs = 0.25 with p = 0.04; rs = 0.31 with p = 0.01, respectively). UB05MSP3‐specific IgG3 and IgG1 subclass responses were significantly higher than the IgG4 subclass (p < 0.01). The neonates IgG1 and IgG3 levels positively correlated with the corresponding antibody subclasses of mothers. These findings suggest an association between UB05 and UB05‐MSP3‐specific antibody responses and malaria control during pregnancy. Maternal–foetal transfer of MSP3 and UB05‐specific IgG occurs during pregnancy, suggesting the interest in the future malaria vaccination strategies in pregnant women to generate early protective immunity in baby against malaria.
Saccade Latency and Metrics in the Interleaved Pro‐ and Anti‐Saccade Task in Open Skill Sports Athletes
Authors: Chen Jui‐Tai , Kan Nai‐Wen , Barquero Cesar , Teo Moeka Mong Jia , Wang Chin‐An 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTEvidence has demonstrated that athletes exhibit superior cognitive performance associated with executive control. In the oculomotor system, this function has been examined using the interleaved pro‐saccade and anti‐saccade task (IPAST), wherein participants, prior to target appearance, are instructed to either automatically look at the peripheral target (pro‐saccade) or suppress the automatic response and voluntarily look in the opposite direction (anti‐saccade). While the IPAST has provided much insight into sensorimotor and inhibitory processing, it has yet to be performed in athletes. Moreover, limited research has examined saccade metrics in athletes. Here, we examined saccade latency and movement kinematics in the IPAST among athletes (N = 40) and nonathletes (NON) (N = 40). Higher direction error rates were obtained in the anti‐saccade compared to the pro‐saccade condition, with no differences between athletes and NON noted. Significantly faster saccade latencies were observed in athletes compared to NON in both conditions, in addition to faster pro‐saccades compared to anti‐saccades. Furthermore, athletes showed significantly higher frequencies and faster latencies of express saccades compared to NON in correct pro‐saccades. Additionally, athletes exhibited significantly faster latencies of express saccades compared to NON in erroneous anti‐saccades. Differences in saccade metrics between athletes and NON were not seen. Overall, these findings demonstrate that athletes display altered saccade performance likely associated with sensorimotor and preparatory processing, highlighting the potential of using IPAST to objectively investigate sensorimotor and cognitive functions in athletes.
Voluntary co‐contraction of ankle muscles alters motor unit discharge characteristics and reduces estimates of persistent inward currents
Authors: Gomes Matheus M. , Jenz Sophia T. , Beauchamp James A. , Negro Francesco , Heckman C. J. , Pearcey Gregory E. P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMotoneuronal persistent inward currents (PICs) are facilitated by neuromodulatory inputs but are highly sensitive to local inhibitory circuits. Estimates of PICs are reduced by group Ia reciprocal inhibition, and increased with the diffuse actions of neuromodulators released during remote muscle contraction. However, it remains unknown how motoneurons function in the presence of simultaneous excitatory and inhibitory commands. To probe this topic, we investigated motor unit discharge patterns and estimated PICs during voluntary co‐contraction of ankle muscles, which simultaneously demands the contraction of agonist–antagonist pairs. Twenty participants performed triangular ramps of both co‐contraction (simultaneous dorsiflexion and plantar flexion) and isometric dorsiflexion to a peak of 30% of their maximum muscle activity from a maximal voluntary contraction. Motor unit spike trains were decomposed from high‐density surface EMG activity recorded from tibialis anterior using blind source separation algorithms. Voluntary co‐contraction altered motor unit discharge rate characteristics. Discharge rate at recruitment and peak discharge rate were modestly reduced (∼6% change; P < 0.001; d = 0.22) and increased (∼2% change; P = 0.001, d = −0.19), respectively, in the entire dataset but no changes were observed when motor units were tracked across conditions. The largest effects during co‐contraction were that estimates of PICs (ΔF) were reduced by ∼20% (4.47 vs. 5.57 pulses per second during isometric dorsiflexion; P < 0.001, d = 0.641). These findings suggest that, during voluntary co‐contraction, the inhibitory input from the antagonist muscle overcomes the additional excitatory and neuromodulatory drive that may occur due to the co‐contraction of the antagonist muscle, which constrains PIC behaviour.
imageKey points
Voluntary co‐contraction is a unique motor behaviour that concurrently provides excitatory and inhibitory synaptic input to motoneurons.
Co‐contraction of agonist–antagonist pairs alters agonist motor unit discharge characteristics, consistent with reductions in persistent inward current magnitude.