bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review: the quality of the scientific evidence and conflicts of interest in international inflammatory bowel disease practice guidelines
Authors: Feuerstein J. D. , Akbari M. , Gifford A. E. , Cullen G. , Leffler D. A. , Sheth S. G. , Cheifetz A. S. 
Published: April 2013

SummaryBackgroundGuidelines published by the international gastroenterology societies establish standards of care and seek to improve patient outcomes.AimWe examined inflammatory bowel disease guidelines (IBD) for quality of evidence, methods of grading evidence and conflicts of interest (COI).MethodsAll 182 guidelines published by the American College of Gastroenterology, American Gastroenterological Association, British Society of Gastroenterology, Canadian Association of Gastroenterology, Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America and European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation as of 27 September 2012 were reviewed. Nineteen IBD guidelines were found.ResultsEighty‐nine per cent (n = 17/19) of the guidelines graded the levels of evidence using seven different systems. Of the 1070 recommendations reviewed, 23% (n = 249) cited level A evidence; 28% (n = 302) level B; 36% (n = 383) level C and 13% (n = 136) level D. The mean age of the guidelines was 4.2 years. In addition, 61% (n = 11/19) of the guidelines failed to comment on COI. All eight articles commenting on COI had conflicts with 81% (n = 92/113) of authors reported an average 11.7 COI. Lastly, there were variations in the recommendations between societies.ConclusionsNearly half the IBD guideline recommendations are based on expert opinion or no evidence. Majority of the guidelines fail to disclose any COI, and when commenting, all have numerous COI. Furthermore, the guidelines are not updated frequently and there is a lack of consensus between societal guidelines. This study highlights the critical need to centralize and redesign the guidelines development process.
Identification through high‐throughput screening of 4'‐methoxyflavone and 3',4'‐dimethoxyflavone as novel neuroprotective inhibitors of parthanatos
Authors: Fatokun A A , Liu J O , Dawson V L , Dawson T M 
Published: April 2013

Background and PurposeThe current lack of disease‐modifying therapeutics to manage neurological and neurodegenerative conditions justifies the development of more efficacious agents. One distinct pathway leading to neuronal death in these conditions and which represents a very promising and attractive therapeutic target is parthanatos, involving overactivation of PARP‐1. We therefore sought to identify small molecules that could be neuroprotective by targeting the pathway.Experimental ApproachUsing HeLa cells, we developed and optimized an assay for high‐throughput screening of about 5120 small molecules. Structure–activity relationship (SAR) study was carried out in HeLa and SH‐SY5Y cells for molecules related to the initial active compound. The neuroprotective ability of each active compound was tested in cortical neuronal cultures.Key Results4'‐Methoxyflavone (4MF) showed activity by preventing the decrease in cell viability of HeLa and SH‐SY5Y cells caused by the DNA‐alkylating agent, N‐methyl‐N‘‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), which induces parthanatos. A similar compound from the SAR study, 3',4'‐dimethoxyflavone (DMF), also showed significant activity. Both compounds reduced the synthesis and accumulation of poly (ADP‐ribose) polymer and protected cortical neurones against cell death induced by NMDA.Conclusions and ImplicationsOur data reveal additional neuroprotective members of the flavone class of flavonoids and show that methoxylation of the parent flavone structure at position 4′ confers parthanatos‐inhibiting activity while additional methoxylation at position 3′, reported by others to improve metabolic stability, does not destroy the activity. These molecules may therefore serve as leads for the development of novel neurotherapeutics for the management of neurological and neurodegenerative conditions.
Complication and Failure Rates with Implant‐Supported Fixed Dental Prostheses and Single Crowns: A 10‐Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Wittneben Julia‐Gabriela , Buser Daniel , Salvi Giovanni E. , Bürgin Walter , Hicklin Stefan , Brägger Urs 
Published: April 2013

AbstractPurposeClinical studies related to the long‐term outcomes with implant‐supported reconstructions are still sparse. The aim of this 10‐year retrospective study was to assess the rate of mechanical/technical complications and failures with implant supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) and single crowns (SCs) in a large cohort of partially edentulous patients.Materials and MethodsThe comprehensive multidisciplinary examination consisted of a medical/dental history, clinical examination, and a radiographic analysis. Prosthodontic examination evaluated the implant‐supported reconstructions for mechanical/technical complications and failures, occlusal analysis, presence/absence of attrition, and location, extension, and retention type.ResultsOut of three hundred ninety seven fixed reconstructions in three hundred three patients, two hundred sixty eight were SCs and one hundred twenty seven were FDPs. Of these three hundred ninety seven implant‐supported reconstructions, 18 had failed, yielding a failure rate of 4.5% and a survival rate of 95.5% after a mean observation period of 10.75 years (range: 8.4–13.5 years). The most frequent complication was ceramic chipping (20.31%) followed by occlusal screw loosening (2.57%) and loss of retention (2.06%). No occlusal screw fracture, one abutment loosening, and two abutment fractures were noted. This resulted in a total mechanical/technical complication rate of 24.7%. The prosthetic success rate over a mean follow‐up time of 10.75 years was 70.8%. Generalized attrition and FDPs were associated with statistically significantly higher rates of ceramic fractures when compared with SCs. Cantilever extensions, screw retention, anterior versus posterior, and gender did not influence the chipping rate.ConclusionsAfter a mean exposure time of 10.75 years, high survival rates for reconstructions supported by Sand‐blasted Large‐grit Acid‐etched implants can be expected. Ceramic chipping was the most frequent complication and was increased in dentitions with attrition and in FDPs compared with SCs.
Precision of fit and retention force of cast non‐precious‐crowns on standard titanium implant‐abutment with different design and height
Authors: Enkling Norbert , Ueda Takayuki , Gholami Hadi , Bayer Stefan , Katsoulis Joannis , Mericske‐Stern Regina 
Published: April 2013

AbstractObjectiveThe cost‐effectiveness of cast nonprecious frameworks has increased their prevalence in cemented implant crowns. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of the design and height of the retentive component of a standard titanium implant abutment on the fit, possible horizontal rotation and retention forces of cast nonprecious alloy crowns prior to cementation.Materials and MethodsTwo abutment designs were examined: Type A with a 6° taper and 8 antirotation planes (Straumann Tissue‐Level RN) and Type B with a 7.5° taper and 1 antirotation plane (SICace implant). Both types were analyzed using 60 crowns: 20 with a full abutment height (6 mm), 20 with a medium abutment height (4 mm), and 20 with a minimal (2.5 mm) abutment height. The marginal and internal fit and the degree of possible rotation were evaluated by using polyvinylsiloxane impressions under a light microscope (magnification of ×50). To measure the retention force, a custom force‐measuring device was employed. Statistical analysis: one‐sided Wilcoxon rank‐sum tests with Bonferroni–Holm corrections, Fisher′s exact tests, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.ResultsType A exhibited increased marginal gaps (primary end‐point: 55 ± 20 μm vs. 138 ± 59 μm, P < 0.001) but less rotation (P < 0.001) than Type B. The internal fit was also better for Type A than for Type B (P < 0.001). The retention force of Type A (2.49 ± 3.2 N) was higher (P = 0.019) than that of Type B (1.27 ± 0.84 N). Reduction in abutment height did not affect the variables observed.ConclusionLess‐tapered abutments with more antirotation planes provide an increase in the retention force, which confines the horizontal rotation but widens the marginal gaps of the crowns. Thus, casting of nonprecious crowns with Type A abutments may result in clinically unfavorable marginal gaps.
Survival strategies of Dalbulus maidis during maize off‐season in Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Charles M. , Lopes João R.S. , Nault Lowell R. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractDespite the importance of Dalbulus maidis (DeLong & Wolcott) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) as a vector of maize‐stunting pathogens, it is not understood how this leafhopper survives the maize off‐season in regions where overwintering hosts do not occur. We investigated migration and the use of alternate hosts as possible survival mechanisms for D. maidis during maize off‐season in Brazil. Dalbulus maidis populations were monitored with yellow sticky cards for 16–29 months in Anastácio (Mato Grosso do Sul State), in two farms with perennial pastures (Pasture1 and Pasture2), where maize had not been planted for >5 years, in a subsistence farm >20 km distant, where maize was annually planted (spring) (Maize1), and in Piracicaba (São Paulo State), where maize was grown year round (Maize2). RAPD‐PCR analysis of leafhoppers sampled on maize in two plots (Maize1 and Pasture1) at 15–20 and 110–120 days after germination was performed. Dalbulus maidis was trapped in the maize plots of all areas, but not in weedy or woody vegetation adjacent to the plots. Higher numbers were trapped throughout the year in Piracicaba, where maize was continuously grown under irrigation, and in the subsistence farm of Anastácio, where volunteer maize plants were available for long periods in the maize off‐season. In Anastácio farms, some population peaks were recorded in the absence of maize from midwinter to early spring, especially after soil plowing. RAPD‐PCR analysis showed that D. maidis populations sampled were genetically similar. Our data suggest that D. maidis uses a mixed strategy to survive the over‐season period in Brazil, in which part of the population overwinters locally on volunteer maize plants or nearby irrigated maize crops, whereas the other individuals migrate to colonize new maize crops in distant areas or regions. We hypothesize that immigrant D. maidis uses the contrast between plowed and vegetated soil as a visual cue for locating new maize crops.
Hymenoscyphus albidus is not associated with an anamorphic stage and displays slower growth than Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus on agar media
Authors: Kirisits T. , Dämpfle L. , Kräutler K. 
Published: April 2013

SummaryExamination of isolates of Hymenoscyphus albidus from France revealed that this fungus does not form an anamorphic stage in culture. The lack of an asexual stage in this fungus is a conspicuous morphological difference to the ash dieback pathogen Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus, which is associated with its Chalara fraxinea anamorphic state. In growth studies on malt extract agar (MEA) and MEA amended with ash leaflets (ash leaf malt extract agar, AMEA) at 20°C, isolates of H. albidus grew slower than those of H. pseudoalbidus. On AMEA, the growth of cultures of both species was greatly enhanced.
Antiangiogenic factors and maternal hemodynamics during intensive hemodialysis in pregnancy
Authors: Cornelis Tom , Spaanderman Marc , Beerenhout Charles , Perschel Frank H. , Verlohren Stefan , Schalkwijk Casper G. , van der Sande Frank M. , Kooman Jeroen P. , Hladunewich Michelle 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWe report on a 21‐year‐old pregnant patient with IgA nephropathy who was initiated on intensive hemodialysis (8 hours of hemodialysis 3 times a week) at a gestational age of 26 weeks on the basis of worsening kidney function resulting in rapidly progressive fatigue and difficulties in metabolic control. Throughout the pregnancy, and while on intensive hemodialysis, 24‐hour ambulatory blood pressure control was within the target, and results of weekly 24‐hour measurement of central hemodynamics and pulse wave velocity, and of serial levels of circulating (anti‐)angiogenic factors were comparable to normal pregnancies. Estimated fetal growth evolved along the 50th percentile, and no polyhydramnios was detected. After induction for a sudden, unexplained increase in blood pressure, she delivered a healthy boy of 2480 g at a gestational age of 36 weeks. This case adds to the expanding literature that supports the use of intensive hemodialysis in pregnant patients with end‐stage renal disease and illustrates, for the first time, the potential use of serial (anti‐) angiogenic factors and 24‐hour measurements of blood pressure and hemodynamic indices in order to facilitate monitoring of these complicated patients.
High Levels of FOXP3+ Regulatory T Cells in Gastric MALT Lymphoma Predict Responsiveness to Helicobacter pylori Eradication
Authors: Iwaya Yugo , Kobayashi Motohiro , Momose Masanobu , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Sakai Yasuhiro , Akamatsu Taiji , Tanaka Eiji , Ohtani Haruo , Fukuda Minoru , Nakayama Jun 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundAlthough Helicobacter pylori eradication is a first‐line treatment of gastric MALT lymphoma, roughly 25% of patients do not respond to treatment. CD4+ FOXP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells regulate immune responses in physiological conditions and various inflammatory conditions, including H. pylori‐associated diseases. Our goal was to determine how Treg cells affect responsiveness to H. pylori eradication therapy.Materials and methodsWe performed dual immunohistochemistry for CD4 and FOXP3 to evaluate the prevalence of FOXP3+ Treg cells in the stomach of 63 patients with MALT lymphoma and 55 patients with chronic active gastritis. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was carried out to determine the best cut‐off point in differentiating H. pylori eradication responders from nonresponders.ResultsBoth the FOXP3+/CD4+ cell ratio and the absolute number of FOXP3+ cells per high‐power field in MALT lymphoma were significantly greater in H. pylori eradication responders compared with nonresponders, suggesting that Treg cells function in regression mechanisms of MALT lymphomas. Cut‐off points with good sensitivities and specificities were obtained to predict eradication outcome.ConclusionsA high number of Treg cells or a high ratio of Treg cells to the total number of CD4+ T cells in gastric MALT lymphoma could predict responsiveness to eradication therapy.
Utility of controlled attenuation parameter measurement for assessing liver steatosis in Japanese patients with chronic liver diseases
Authors: Masaki Keiichi , Takaki Shintaro , Hyogo Hideyuki , Kobayashi Tomoki , Fukuhara Takayuki , Naeshiro Noriaki , Honda Yoji , Nakahara Takashi , Ohno Atsushi , Miyaki Daisuke , Murakami Eisuke , Nagaoki Yuko , Kawaoka Tomokazu , Tsuge Masataka , Hiraga Nobuhiko , Hiramatsu Akira , Imamura Michio , Kawakami Yoshiiku , Aikata Hiroshi , Ochi Hidenori , Takahashi Shoichi , Arihiro Koji , Chayama Kazuaki 
Published: April 2013

AimSteatosis is a common histological feature of chronic liver disease, especially alcoholic and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, as well as chronic hepatitis C. A recent study showed that evaluating the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) with transient elastography was an efficient way of non‐invasively determining the severity of hepatic steatosis. The objective of this study was to prospectively evaluate the utility of CAP for diagnosing steatosis in patients with chronic liver disease.MethodsOne hundred and fifty‐five consecutive patients with suspected chronic liver disease underwent steatosis diagnosis using CAP, blood sample analyses, computed tomography for assessing the liver/spleen ratio and liver biopsy. Steatosis was graded according to the percentage of fat‐containing hepatocytes: S0, less than 5%; S1, 5–33%; S2, 34–66%; and S3: more than 66%.ResultsThe CAP was significantly correlated with steatosis grade, and there were significant differences between the CAP value of the S0 patients and those of the patients with other grades of steatosis. S0 and S1–3 hepatic steatosis were considered to represent mild and significant steatosis, respectively. The CAP values of the patients with mild and significant steatosis were significantly different (P < 0.0001). The area under the receiver–operator curve (AUROC) value of the CAP for diagnosing significant steatosis was 0.878 (95% confidence interval, 0.818–0.939), and the optimal CAP cut‐off value for detecting significant steatosis was 232.5 db/m. In multivariate analysis, the CAP (P = 0.0002) and the liver to spleen ratio (P = 0.004) were found to be significantly associated with significant steatosis.ConclusionThe CAP is a promising tool for rapidly and non‐invasively diagnosing steatosis.
Full genome analysis of Philippine indigenous subgenotype IA hepatitis A virus strains from Japanese patients with imported acute hepatitis A
Authors: Watanabe Shunji , Isoda Norio , Ohtake Toshiya , Hirosawa Takuya , Morimoto Naoki , Aoki Kei , Ohnishi Hiroshi , Takahashi Masaharu , Sugano Kentaro , Okamoto Hiroaki 
Published: April 2013

AimHepatitis A virus (HAV) is the most common cause of infectious hepatitis worldwide. Although hepatitis A cases imported from South‐East Asian countries, including the Philippines, have been reported in Japan, the molecular epidemiological data have been limited for these HAV‐endemic countries.MethodsThe full‐length genomic sequences of HAV isolates were determined and subjected to the phylogenetic analyses.ResultsThe HAV isolates (HA12‐0796 and HA12‐0938) obtained from two Japanese patients who developed acute hepatitis A in July 2012, 1 month after traveling to the Philippines, where they consumed undercooked shellfish, differed by only one nucleotide (nt) over the entire genome. These HAV isolates of genotype IA were 99.1–99.5% identical within 228–237 nt to those recovered from river water in the Philippines, suggesting that the HA12‐0796 and HA12‐0938 isolates represent HAV circulating in the Philippines. HAV isolates belonging to one of the two IA sublineages (IA‐2) which were implicated in some of the mini‐epidemics in 2010 in Japan are hypothesized to be connected with the Philippines. In support of this speculation, the present IA isolates (HA12‐0796 and HA12‐0938) shared 98.8% identity over the entire genome with one IA‐2 isolate (HAJIH‐Fukuo10) recovered from a Japanese female who developed a domestic HAV infection during the mini‐epidemics. In the phylogenetic tree constructed based on the entire genome, these three isolates (HA12‐0796, HA12‐0938 and HAJIH‐Fukuo10) segregated into a cluster with a bootstrap value of 100%.ConclusionThese results indicate that HAV isolates belonging to the IA‐2 lineage might have been imported from the Philippines.
High susceptibility to pemphigus vulgaris due to HLA‐DRB1*14:54 in the Slovak population
Authors: Párnická Z. , Švecová D. , Javor J. , Shawkatová I. , Buc M. 
Published: April 2013

SummaryThe current work describes an association between pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and class II HLA alleles in the Slovak population, the first such study in Slovakia on the ‘high‐resolution level’. This work takes into account the new HLA allele nomenclature, officially adopted in 2010. In particular, we have focused on the associations between PV and DRB1*14:54 and DRB1*14:01. This case–control study was performed in a cohort of 43 PV Caucasian patients and 113 Caucasian control subjects from Slovakia. HLA typing was performed using PCR‐SSP (polymerase chain reaction with sequence‐specific primers). We found significantly positive associations between PV and the HLA alleles DRB1*04:02, DRB1*04:04, DRB1*14:54, DRB1*14:04, DRB1*14:05, DQB1*03:02 and DQB1*05:03. In contrast, HLA‐DQB1*06, DRB1*07 and DRB1*13 were negatively associated with PV. Importantly, 93% of PV patients possessed at least one of two HLA haplotypes, DRB1*04–DQB1*03 or HLA‐DRB1*14–DQB1*05. We confirmed the previously reported associations between HLA class II alleles and PV and described a new association between PV and DRB1*14:54. This allele was first described in 2005, and there has been only one report of its association with PV to date.
Resistance to Lateral Luxation of Two Canine Total Elbow Replacement Systems Under Variable Mechanical Loads
Authors: Rose Nathan D. , Freeman Andy , Conzemius Michael G. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo measure the loads required to induce lateral luxation of the Iowa State University (ISU) elbow implant, a modified elbow implant, and the normal canine elbow with the ligaments and joint capsule removed.Study DesignMechanical testing on cadaveric specimensSample PopulationTwelve thoracic limbs were harvested from adult, medium sized dogs that had been euthanatized for reasons unrelated to the study.MethodsThe torque needed for luxation was identified on potted cadaver elbows under variable axial load and compared to ISU implants and modified implants. Shear force needed to induce medial and lateral luxation were collected for the 2‐implant designs at 10, 109, 209, and 342 N of axial load based on. Shear force needed to induce lateral luxation were collected for the normal elbows (with and without an anconeal process) at 10 N of axial load.ResultsThe modified implant had 5× higher torque at luxation than the ISU implant and cadavers elbows for both internal and external rotation. Luxation during shear testing was significantly higher in cadaver elbows when compared to either implant but the modified implant was 4–7× more resistant then the ISU implant.ConclusionThe modified total elbow replacement implant may reduce lateral luxation in vivo by increased resistance to shear and torsional forces.