bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A whole blood gene expression-based signature for smoking status
Authors: Beineke Philip , Fitch Karen , Tao Heng , Elashoff Michael R , Rosenberg Steven , Kraus William E , Wingrove James A ,   PREDICT Investigators
Published: December 2012

Abstract

Background
Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide and has been shown to increase the risk of multiple diseases including coronary artery disease (CAD). We sought to identify genes whose levels of expression in whole blood correlate with self-reported smoking status.

Methods
Microarrays were used to identify gene expression changes in whole blood which correlated with self-reported smoking status; a set of significant genes from the microarray analysis were validated by qRT-PCR in an independent set of subjects. Stepwise forward logistic regression was performed using the qRT-PCR data to create a predictive model whose performance was validated in an independent set of subjects and compared to cotinine, a nicotine metabolite.

Results
Microarray analysis of whole blood RNA from 209 PREDICT subjects (41 current smokers, 4 quit ≤ 2 months, 64 quit > 2 months, 100 never smoked; NCT00500617) identified 4214 genes significantly correlated with self-reported smoking status. qRT-PCR was performed on 1,071 PREDICT subjects across 256 microarray genes significantly correlated with smoking or CAD. A five gene (CLDND1, LRRN3, MUC1, GOPC, LEF1) predictive model, derived from the qRT-PCR data using stepwise forward logistic regression, had a cross-validated mean AUC of 0.93 (sensitivity=0.78; specificity=0.95), and was validated using 180 independent PREDICT subjects (AUC=0.82, CI 0.69-0.94; sensitivity=0.63; specificity=0.94). Plasma from the 180 validation subjects was used to assess levels of cotinine; a model using a threshold of 10 ng/ml cotinine resulted in an AUC of 0.89 (CI 0.81-0.97; sensitivity=0.81; specificity=0.97; kappa with expression model = 0.53).

Conclusion
We have constructed and validated a whole blood gene expression score for the evaluation of smoking status, demonstrating that clinical and environmental factors contributing to cardiovascular disease risk can be assessed by gene expression.
Evaluation of the positive predictive value of a rapid Immunochromatographic test to detect Campylobacter in stools
Authors: Floch Pauline , Goret Julien , Bessède Emilie , Lehours Philippe , Mégraud Francis 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
The recently developed rapid immunochromatographic tests (ICT) have the potential to provide a quick and easy diagnosis of Campylobacter enteritis in comparison to culture. In a previous study we found them sensitive but lacking in specificity. The aim of the present study was to focus on the problem of specificity and determine the positive predictive value (PPV) of a positive result of the ImmunoCard Stat! Campy (Meridian Bioscience, Cincinnati, OH, USA). For this purpose, the stools positive by ICT were cultured according to 3 different protocols: Karmali agar, Preston enrichment broth subcultured on Karmali agar, and a filtration method on a blood agar without antibiotics, all incubated for 7 days at 37°C. Out of 609 stools from adults and children with community acquired enteritis, the reference methods detected 25 positive cases (4.1%) (culture: 19, specific PCR and ELISA both positive: 6) and the ICT: 31 including the 25 true positives. The PPV was 80.6%. We conclude that ICT is a good method to screen Campylobacter positive stools but because of its lack of specificity the positive stools must be tested by another method.
A European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Phase III Trial of Adjuvant Whole-Brain Radiotherapy Versus Observation in Patients With One to Three Brain Metastases From Solid Tumors After Surgical Resection or Radiosurgery: Quality-of-Life Results
Authors: Soffietti Riccardo , Kocher Martin , Abacioglu Ufuk M. , Villa Salvador , Fauchon François , Baumert Brigitta G. , Fariselli Laura , Tzuk-Shina Tzahala , Kortmann Rolf-Dieter , Carrie Christian , Ben Hassel Mohamed , Kouri Mauri , Valeinis Egils , van den Berge Dirk , Mueller Rolf-Peter , Tridello Gloria , Collette Laurence , Bottomley Andrew 
Published: December 2012

Purpose This phase III trial compared adjuvant whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) with observation after either surgery or radiosurgery of a limited number of brain metastases in patients with stable solid tumors. Here, we report the health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) results. Patients and Methods HRQOL was a secondary end point in the trial. HRQOL was assessed at baseline, at 8 weeks, and then every 3 months for 3 years with the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 and Brain Cancer Module. The following six primary HRQOL scales were considered: global health status; physical, cognitive, role, and emotional functioning; and fatigue. Statistical significance required P ≤ .05, and clinical relevance required a ≥ 10-point difference. Results Compliance was 88.3% at baseline and dropped to 45.0% at 1 year; thus, only the first year was analyzed. Overall, patients in the observation only arm reported better HRQOL scores than did patients who received WBRT. The differences were statistically significant and clinically relevant mostly during the early follow-up period (for global health status at 9 months, physical functioning at 8 weeks, cognitive functioning at 12 months, and fatigue at 8 weeks). Exploratory analysis of all other HRQOL scales suggested worse scores for the WBRT group, but none was clinically relevant. Conclusion This study shows that adjuvant WBRT after surgery or radiosurgery of a limited number of brain metastases from solid tumors may negatively impact some aspects of HRQOL, even if these effects are transitory. Consequently, observation with close monitoring with magnetic resonance imaging (as done in the EORTC trial) is not detrimental for HRQOL.
The Palimpsest Body and the S(h)ifting Border: On Maggie Cheung's Two Crossover Films
Authors: Wang Yiman 
Published: December 2012

This article studies the interactions between the “foreign” female star body and the body of nation and national film historiography through the lens of the Hong Kong actress Maggie Cheung and her two crossover films, Centre Stage and Irma Vep. The premise of my argument is that the combination of the female star body's overdeterminedness with malleability makes it a privileged site for constructing, deconstructing, and reconstructing the nation-oriented cinema and the correlated identity.
My major concern is how Cheung's distinctly foreign presence in both films collaborates with the deconstructionist agenda to produce a new conception of the national film historiography. My analysis of Cheung's “foreign” presence and “body too much” demonstrates that “national cinema” must be redefined from a foreignizing perspective. By relating star theory and the theory of performativity to the postcolonial context, I point toward strategies of recharting the national or regional identity that are sensitive to gender and postcolonial politics.
Reviews Films
Authors: Debono John , Flett Tracey 
Published: December 2012

Take This Waltz: A Refreshingly Honest Portrayal of Youth and Love Take This Waltz (2011) Canada | Spain | Japan Director Sarah Polley Runtime 116 minutes
Miss Representation: Recurring Symbolic Annihilation Miss Representation (2011) USA Director Jennifer Seibel Newsome Runtime
85 minutes
Self- and Parent-Rated Executive Functioning in Young Adults With Very Low Birth Weight
Authors: Heinonen Kati , Pesonen Anu-Katriina , Lahti Jari , Pyhälä Riikka , Strang-Karlsson Sonja , Hovi Petteri , Järvenpää Anna-Liisa , Eriksson Johan G. , Andersson Sture , Kajantie Eero , Raikkonen Katri 
Published: December 2012

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Adults born preterm score lower on performance-based tests of executive functioning (EF) than their term-born peers. These test scores do not necessarily translate to application of these skills in an everyday environment. The objective of the study was to test differences between very low birth weight (VLBW; &lt;1500 g) adults and their term-born peers in self- and parent-rated EF and examine concordance between self- and parent-rated EF and performance-based tests of EF.

METHODS:
A longitudinal study of 90 VLBW adults and 93 term-born controls (aged 21–30 years) was performed. The young adults and their parents filled in the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning–Adult Version, and the adults underwent performance-based tests of EF.

RESULTS:
VLBW young adults and especially those born appropriate for gestational age reported fewer problems in behavioral regulation and global EF than term-born controls; however, parents of VLBW adults born small for gestational age reported more problems for their children in all EF scales than parents of the controls. Compared with their parents, VLBW young adults reported fewer problems in behavioral regulation. Adults’ ratings and their parents’ ratings correlated significantly among VLBW and control groups. In the VLBW and VLBW/small-for-gestational-age groups, parent ratings of EF were correlated to performance-based tests, whereas among term-born adults, self-reports correlated.

CONCLUSIONS:
These findings reveal that VLBW adults may have learned to compensate in the everyday environment for their EF deficits apparent in performance-based tests. Alternatively, VLBW adults may have positively skewed views of their abilities.
The Association Between Clinical and Radiographic Periodontitis Measurements During Periodontal Maintenance
Authors: Payne Jeffrey B. , Nummikoski Pirkka V. , Thompson David M. , Golub Lorne M. , Stoner Julie A. 
Published: December 2012

Background: The purpose of the present study is to examine the association between clinical and radiographic periodontitis measurements during 2 years of periodontal maintenance.Methods: Secondary analyses were performed from a 2‐year, double‐masked, placebo‐controlled, randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (SDD) in 128 postmenopausal osteopenic females with moderate‐to‐severe chronic periodontitis. Relative clinical attachment level (relative CAL) and probing depth (PD) measurements were made. Posterior vertical bitewings were taken for alveolar bone density (ABD) and alveolar bone height (ABH) measurements. Generalized estimating equations were used to model associations.Results: One‐year ABD changes and 1‐year relative CAL/PD changes did not predict 2‐year ABH changes and ABH/ABD changes, respectively. Baseline relative CAL and PD were positively associated with baseline ABH loss (P <0.0001), and baseline PDs were associated with subsequent ABD and ABH loss (P <0.05 for each). Among placebo (but not SDD) participants, relative CAL changes were associated with concurrent ABD loss (P = 0.027) when considering 1‐ and 2‐year changes combined. The odds of ABH loss were higher among sites with concurrent 1‐year ABD loss versus no change (odds ratio [OR] = 3.15, P <0.0001) or concurrent PD increases versus no change (OR = 1.88, P = 0.0025) when considering 1‐ and 2‐year changes combined.Conclusions: In postmenopausal osteopenic females undergoing periodontal maintenance, baseline PD was associated with subsequent ABD and ABH loss. Although no longitudinal change preceded another measurement change, changes in PDs and relative CALs appeared to reflect changes in the underlying alveolar bone over time.
Malocclusion impacts adolescents' oral health–related quality of life
Authors: Scapini Annarosa , Feldens Carlos Alberto , Ardenghi Thiago Machado , Kramer Paulo Floriani 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To test the hypothesis that malocclusion does not have an independent and negative effect on quality of life of adolescents.

Materials and Methods:
The cross-sectional design study comprised a sample of 519 children, aged 11 to 14 years, attending public schools in Osorio, a city in southern Brazil. One calibrated examiner carried out clinical examinations and recorded dental caries (decayed/missing/filled teeth), malocclusion (Dental Aesthetic Index), and dental trauma. Participants completed the Brazilian version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11–14), Impact Short Form, and their parents or guardians answered questions about socioeconomic status. Simple and multivariate linear regressions were performed to assess covariates for the overall CPQ11–14 scores.

Results:
Greater impacts on oral health–related quality of life were observed for girls (P  =  .007), children with a lower household income (P  =  .016), those living in nonnuclear families (P &lt; .001), and those with more decayed/missing/filled teeth (P  =  .001). Malocclusion was also associated with oral health–related quality of life: the severity of malocclusion was significantly related to higher scores of CPQ11–14 even after scores were adjusted for control variables. CPQ11–14 increased by approximately 1 point for each increase in the severity of malocclusion.

Conclusions:
Malocclusion has a negative effect on adolescents' quality of life, independent of dental caries or traumatic dental injuries. Socioeconomic inequalities and clinical conditions are important features in adolescents' quality of life.
Minimally Invasive Treatment for Esthetic Management of Severe Dental Fluorosis: A Case Report
Authors: Wang Y , Sa Y , Liang S , Jiang T 
Published: December 2012

SUMMARY
Dental fluorosis is a developmental disturbance of enamel caused by excessive fluoride on ameloblasts during enamel formation. Patients often present to the dentist with a main goal of improving their esthetic appearance. This case report describes a minimally invasive technique for treating a severe case of enamel fluorosis with brown surface aspect and small defects. A selective mega-abrasion and microabrasion were used to recreate macro- and micro- surface morphology, followed by power bleaching, home bleaching, and resin infiltration to improve the esthetic appearance.
La gestion du risque en douane : premières leçons tirées de l'expérience de quelques pays d'Afrique de l'Ouest
Authors: Geourjon Anne-Marie , Laporte Bertrand 
Published: December 2012

Résumé En raison de l’accroissement des flux commerciaux et donc de leur charge de travail, les administrations douanières les plus modernes développent depuis plusieurs années des approches structurées pour analyser le risque, seul moyen efficace pour limiter les contrôles intrusifs, répondre aux besoins des opérateurs privés et sécuriser leurs opérations. Peu de pays en développement se sont engagés dans cette voie en raison de réticences fortes, tant au niveau des agents de contrôle qui ne souhaitent pas forcément changer leur façon de travailler, que des autorités qui craignent des pertes de recettes fiscales. L’article présente l’expérience de cinq pays d’Afrique de l’Ouest qui, dans le cadre de la modernisation de leur administration douanière, développent des systèmes d’analyse et de gestion du risque qui reposent notamment sur une exploitation exhaustive et systématique de l’information statistique disponible. Les premières leçons tirées de ces expériences sont encourageantes et d’autres pays devraient logiquement suivre. Actuellement réservées aux administrations douanières, ces méthodes pourraient aussi être développées au sein des administrations des impôts. Classification JEL : H26, H39, O24
A Pathogenic Role for CD4+ T Cells during Chikungunya Virus Infection in Mice
Authors: Teo Teck-Hui , Lum Fok-Moon , Claser Carla , Lulla Valeria , Lulla Aleksei , Merits Andres , Rénia Laurent , Ng Lisa F. P. 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus that causes chronic and incapacitating arthralgia in humans. Injury to the joint is believed to occur because of viral and host immune-mediated effects. However, the exact involvement of the different immune mediators in CHIKV-induced pathogenesis is unknown. In this study, we assessed the roles of T cells in primary CHIKV infection, virus replication and dissemination, and virus persistence, as well as in the mediation of disease severity in adult RAG2−/−, CD4−/−, CD8−/−, and wild-type CHIKV C57BL/6J mice and in wild-type mice depleted of CD4+ or CD8+ T cells after Ab treatment. CHIKV-specific T cells in the spleen and footpad were investigated using IFN-γ ELISPOT. Interestingly, our results indicated that CHIKV-specific CD4+, but not CD8+, T cells are essential for the development of joint swelling without any effect on virus replication and dissemination. Infection in IFN-γ−/− mice demonstrated that pathogenic CD4+ T cells do not mediate inflammation via an IFN-γ–mediated pathway. Taken together, these observations strongly indicate that mechanisms of joint pathology induced by CHIKV in mice resemble those in humans and differ from infections caused by other arthritogenic viruses, such as Ross River virus.
Computed Tomography Mimics of Acute Appendicitis: Predictors of Appendiceal Disease Confirmed at Pathology
Authors: Duda Jeremy B. , Lynch Miranda L. , Bhatt Shweta , Dogra Vikram S. 
Published: December 2012

Purpose:Imaging and pathology findings are used to analyze the capability of computed tomography (CT) to distinguish between acute appendicitis and radiological mimickers.Materials and Methods:A retrospective review of 5861 patients undergoing abdominopelvic CT from 2000 to 2008 for suspicion of acute appendicitis was performed. Appendix diameter, surrounding inflammation, appendicolith, and location were assessed. Only those cases were included where patients underwent surgery for acute appendicitis on CT findings. Pathology specimens were examined and those indicative of acute appendicitis were identified. Statistical analysis was performed to correlate pathology and CT signs.Results:A total of 969 of the 5681 patients were included in the study. Acute appendicitis was verified in 870/969 (89%) cases, while 99/969 (11%) demonstrated either chronic findings (i.e., fibrosis [32%], granulomatous disease [16%], lymphoid hyperplasia [11%]) or no abnormality. In regression models, appendiceal diameter >7 mm (odds ratio [OR] = 3.98,P< 0.0001) and mesenteric fat stranding (OR = 6.04,P< 0.0001) were associated with acute appendicitis. Nearly 87% (754/870) of acute appendicitis cases showed both signs on CT, compared with 53% (52/99) of those with other pathologic finding (P< 0.0001). In cases with non-appendicitis findings, 39% (39/99) had only one of these signs compared with 13% (112/870) of those with acute appendicitis (P< 0.0001).Conclusion:Diseases of the appendix other than acute appendicitis may manifest with isolated radiological findings and should be considered as part of the differential diagnosis in cases of borderline acute appendicitis.
Bohler's and Gissane Angles in the Indian Population
Authors: Sengodan Vetrivel C. , Amruth K. H. , Karthikeyan  
Published: December 2012

Objective:
The aim of our study is to determine the normal ranges of the calcaneal parameters in the Indian population, and to compare the results with the data in the literature.

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted at Coimbatore Medical College Hospital, Coimbatore on the feet (324 in number) of male and female Indian adults. Lateral view of the ankle was taken using a digital X-ray machine. Two parameters namely Bohler`s and Gissane angles were measured, independently by two radiologists to prevent inter-observer variation.

Results:
The Bohler`s and Gissane angles for the Indian population are statistically different from those seen in the published data for other population groups, as evidenced by the P value (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Calcaneal parameters specific to the Indian population have to be taken into consideration by the orthopedic surgeon to improve the standard of calcaneal fracture treatment in India.
Vertebral Fracture Assessment by Dual X‐Ray Absorptiometry: A Valid Tool to Detect Vertebral Fractures in Community‐Dwelling Older Adults in a Population‐Based Survey
Authors: Domiciano Diogo S. , Figueiredo Camille P. , Lopes Jaqueline B. , Kuroishi Marcia E. , Takayama Liliam , Caparbo Valéria F. , Fuller Priscila , Menezes Paulo R. , Scazufca Márcia , Bonfa Eloisa , Pereira Rosa M. R. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectiveVertebral fractures are associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Since 70% of vertebral fractures are clinically silent, a radiologic image of the spine has to be acquired for the diagnosis. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of Vertebral Fracture Assessment (VFA) by dual x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) with radiographs to identify vertebral fractures in community‐dwelling older adults.MethodsA total of 429 older adults (ages ≥65 years) were enrolled in this cohort. VFA by DXA measurements were evaluated by 2 expert rheumatologists by consensus, and spine radiographs were analyzed according to the semiquantitative method by an expert radiologist. The correlation between VFA and spine radiographs to identify vertebral fractures was analyzed by kappa scores.ResultsThe prevalence of vertebral fractures in VFA and radiographs was 29.1% and 29.4%, respectively (P = 0.99). The frequency of unavailable vertebrae was significantly lower in spinal radiographs than in VFA (0.9% and 5.6%, respectively; P < 0.001), particularly in T4–T6. According to VFA, 5,013 vertebrae (96%) were identified as normal and 144 (2.7%) had grade 1, 58 (1.1%) had grade 2, and 12 (0.2%) had grade 3 fractures. The sensitivity of VFA was 72.9% and the specificity was 99.1% to identify vertebral fractures. The sensitivity increased to 92% and the specificity increased to 99.9% when excluding grade 1 deformities. A good correlation between VFA and radiographs (κ = 0.74) was observed, and the exclusion of grade 1 resulted in even better agreement (κ = 0.84).ConclusionIn community‐dwelling older adults, VFA and radiographs had comparable performances in identifying vertebral fractures, particularly if mild deformities are excluded. Therefore, this methodology is a feasible and promising alternative to improve the management of patients with a high risk of osteoporotic fractures.
Sulfation of Various Alcoholic Groups by an Arylsulfate Sulfotransferase from Desulfitobacterium hafniense and Synthesis of Estradiol Sulfate
Authors: van der Horst Michael A. , van Lieshout Johan F. T. , Bury Aleksandra , Hartog Aloysius F. , Wever Ron 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBacterial arylsulfate sulfotransferases (AST) are enzymes that catalyse the transfer of a sulfate group from p‐nitrophenyl sulfate (p‐NPS) to a phenolic acceptor molecule. By screening of the NCBI protein database a gene coding for an AST was found in Desulfitobacterium hafniense. After expression the enzyme was purified and characterised. This AST efficiently sulfates various acceptor molecules (estrone, estradiol, enkephalin and non‐phenolic alcohols) using p‐NPS as sulfate donor. The purified AST has a pH optimum of 9.6, it is stable in the presence of 10% of DMSO, and depending on the conditions it has a melting temperature of up to 47 °C. Surprisingly, and in great contrast to all other known bacterial ASTs, this enzyme was able to use a variety of non‐phenolic alcohols as sulfate acceptor. Because of these properties, this unique enzyme is a promising tool for biotransformation processes, providing a green and simple method to specifically sulfate compounds without need for functional group protection.
The Reaction of Tertiary Anilines with Maleimides under Visible Light Redox Catalysis
Authors: Ju Xuhui , Li Dianjun , Li Weifei , Yu Wei , Bian Fengling 
Published: December 2012

AbstractTertiary anilines can be prompted to react with N‐aryl‐ and N‐benzylmaleimides to form tetrahydroquinoline products under photocatalysis using visible light irradiation, the ruthenium or iridium complexes Ru(bpy)3Cl2 or Ir(ppy)2(dtbbpy)PF6 as catalyst, and air as terminal oxidant.