bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences of waterlogging tolerance between two grain legume species at germination and reproductive stages
Authors: Zaman Md Shahin Uz , Hasan Md Mahamudul , Luna Lutfun Nahar , Iqbal Md Shahin , Malik Al Imran , Hossain Md. Amir 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and aims
Summer pulse crops- mungbean and blackgram are increasingly exposed to waterlogging (WL). This study analyzed the effects of WL at germination and reproductive stages, and to identify the suitable cultivars for different cropping systems.
Methods
The study evaluated WL tolerance of three mungbean cultivars -BARI Mung-6, BARI Mung-8, Binamoog-8; and a blackgram cultivar- BARI Mash-3 at the germination and reproductive stages. The treatment levels at germination were drained control, 3, 5 and 7 d WL, while at reproductive stage were drained control, 3, 6 and 9 d WL.
Results
At germination, % emergence was significantly reduced as WL duration increased. After 7 d WL, BARI Mash-3 displayed 38% emergence, while mungbean cultivars had 14–18% emergence. At reproductive-stage, WL reduced plant height, tap root length, shoot and root dry mass compared to drained control. At recovery compared to WL of 9 d, the chlorophyll content increased by 15% in BARI Mash-3, while it decreased in mungbean cultivars. Shoot relative growth rate (RGR) of BARI Mash-3 was positive, while mungbean cultivars showed negative. Similarly, BARI Mash-3 had the higher root RGR than mungbean cultivars. BARI Mash-3 also produced the higher number of adventitious roots (27) than mungbean cultivars (10–19). The seed yield was reduced at 40% in BARI Mash-3 while 52–60% for mungbean cultivars.
Conclusions
Blackgram cultivar is WL tolerant at both stages compared to mungbean cultivars. These new findings will allow to select suitable crops for different cropping systems based on the perceived risk of WL.
Deep learning application in fall detection using image recognition based on models trained from LH_Dataset and UM_Dataset
Authors: Huong Phan Thi , Hien Lam Thanh , Son Nguyen Minh , Nguyen Thanh Q. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The development and construction of fall detection models represent a significant advancement in protecting health and improving the quality of life for the elderly and high-risk individuals. This study introduces a fall detection model based on images from fixed surveillance camera systems, applying deep learning models to recognize fall signs from images and videos. Several deep learning models are utilized in this research to develop fall detection technology, using image data to build intelligent recognition models. This model not only accurately and quickly identifies falls but also sends early warnings to caregivers or medical services, minimizing damage and enhancing safety. Experiments on two independent datasets, UM_Data from the University of Montréal, Canada, and LH_Data from Lac Hong University, Vietnam, show that the model achieves high performance with quick detection times and high accuracy. This research not only provides health benefits but also holds sustainable economic and social significance. Future research will focus on improving accuracy, reducing false alarms, and enhancing predictive capabilities to meet the increasing societal demand for healthcare and safety, especially for the elderly.
Kataegis associated mutational processes linked to adverse prostate cancer presentation in African men
Authors: Hayes Vanessa , Jiang Jue , Tapinos Avraam , Huang Ruotian , Bornman Riana , Stricker Phillip , Mutambirwa Shingai , Wedge David , Jaratlerdsiri Weerachai 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Kataegis, the focal hypermutation of single base substitutions (SBS) in tumour genomes, has received little attention with respect to prostate cancer (PCa) associated molecular and clinical features. Most notably, data is lacking with regards to this tumour evolutionary phenomenon and PCa racial disparities, with African men disproportionately impacted. Here through comparison between African (n = 109) and non-African (n = 79) whole genome sequenced treatment naïve primary tumours, using a single analytical workflow we assessed for shared and unique features of kataegis. Linking kataegis to aggressive presentation, structural variant burden and copy number loss, we attributed APOBEC3 activity through higher rates of SBS2 to high-risk African tumours. While kataegis positive African patients presented with elevated prostate specific antigen levels, their tumours showed evolutionary unique trajectories marked by increased subclonal and structural variant-independent kataegis. The potential to exacerbate tumour heterogeneity emphases the significance of continued exploration of biological behaviours and environmental exposures for African patients.
Exploring the Role of Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Morbid Obese Women
Authors: Bertran Laia , Rusu Elena Cristina , Aguilar Carmen , Auguet Teresa , Richart Cristóbal 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids (FAHFAs) present potential beneficial effects that could offer valuable insights into metabolic and inflammatory diseases. However, few FAHFAs have been studied and their role is unclear.
Aims
To assess FAHFA levels in individuals with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) associated with morbid obesity (MO) to explore the potential significance of FAHFAs in these conditions.
Methods
Using ultra-precise liquid chromatography, FAHFA serum levels were measured in 219 women, including 53 with normal weight (NW) and 166 with MO. The MO group was classified by histological diagnosis in 35 normal liver (NL), 38 simple steatosis (SS) and 93 metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).
Results
32 FAHFA isoforms from 11 families were identified. The most of FAHFAs presented low levels in MO, but tLAHOAs, LAHOA-1 and OAHOA-1 were increased. In MASLD, elevated tLAHPO, LAHPO-2, PAHLA-3 and PAHLA-4 levels were observed. In MASH, increased POHLA-1, tLAHPOs, LAHPO-2 and LAHLA-3, and decreased PAHSA-1, tOAHOAs, OAHSA-2 and OAHSA-3 levels were reported.
Conclusion
The study reveals novel insights into FAHFAs in a cohort of MO women with MASLD. In MASLD, we reported only increased levels of certain FAHFAs. In MASH, we found a different profile that could be characteristic.
A Proposed Evidence-Based Algorithm for the Adjustment and Optimization of Multi-Function Articulated Ankle-Foot Orthoses in the Clinical Setting
Authors: LeCursi Nicholas A. , Janka Beatrice M. , Gao Fan , Orendurff Michael S. , He Yufan , Kobayashi Toshiki 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Individuals with neuromuscular pathologies are often prescribed an ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) to improve their gait mechanics by decreasing pathological movements of the ankle and lower limb. AFOs can resist or assist excessive or absent muscular forces that cause tripping, instability, and slow inefficient gait. However, selecting the appropriate AFO with mechanical characteristics that limit pathological ankle motion in certain phases of the gait cycle, but allow the ankle to move effectively during other phases requires detailed clinical decision-making. The aim of this study is to propose an explicit methodology for the adjustment of Multi-Function articulated AFOs in the clinical setting. A secondary aim is to present the evidence upon which this method is based and to identify gaps in that evidence as opportunities for future research. An emerging class of AFO, the Multi-Function articulated AFO offers features that permit more comprehensive, iterative, and reversible adjustments of AFO ankle alignment and resistance to ankle motion. However, no standard method exists for the application and optimization of these therapeutic devices in the clinical setting. Here we propose an evidence-based methodology applicable to the adjustment of Multi-Function articulated AFOs in the clinical setting. Characteristic load-deflection curves are given to illustrate the idealized, complex resistance-angle behavior of Multi-Function articulated AFOs. Research is cited to demonstrate how these mechanical characteristics can help to ameliorate specific pathologic ankle and knee kinematics and kinetics. Evidence is presented to support the effects of systematic adjustment of high resistance, alignable articulated AFOs to address many of the typical pathomechanical patterns observed in individuals with neuromuscular disorders. Published evidence supporting most decision points of the algorithm is presented, and gaps in that evidence are identified. Finally, two hypothetical case examples are given to illustrate the application of the method to the optimization of articulated AFOs treating specific gait pathomechanics. This method is proposed as an evidence-based systematic approach for the adjustment of Multi-Function articulated AFOs, using observed gait deviations mapped to specific changes in AFO alignment and resistance settings as a clinical tool in the orthotic treatment of individuals with complex neuromuscular gait disorders.
Asset management in a nutshell
Authors: Almeida Maria do Céu , Kropp Ingo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Asset management (AM) has become increasingly important in various sectors and organizations over the last few decades. This introductory chapter provides an overview of asset management to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of AM, summarizing its application to urban drainage asset management (UDAM), an asset-intensive sector. The chapter includes a short history, from general AM to UDAM, and refers to milestones, key organizations, and standards. It describes AM principles and different perspectives to approach the subject. The UDAM context is outlined, providing the general processes which can influence strategic, tactical, or operational decision levels, accounting for the specific perspectives and objectives on the subject. The main approaches applied to UDAM are broadly described, some of which incorporate a balance of costs, risks, opportunities, and performance, while others focus on specific aspects. The chapter presents different types of approaches to AM, ranging from those based on condition, reliability, and risk to those based on value, followed by those based on performance or quality of service, highlighting common aspects or overlaps between them. When appropriate, guidance to the chapters where additional information on the subject can be found is provided. Finally, challenges, limitations and opportunities are highlighted.
From condition-based to service-based strategies
Authors: Auger Steve , Carson Liam , Cherqui Frédéric , Daulat Shamsuddin , van Duin Bert , Neumann Norman F. , Langeveld Jeroen , Lembcke David , Roghani Bardia , Tscheikner-Gratl Franz 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Condition assessment often serves as the primary, and at times, the exclusive factor driving the prioritization of rehabilitation requirements. While this methodology signifies a substantial departure from a ‘run-to-failure’ strategy, it does possess inherent limitations. Notably, it has been demonstrated to exhibit constrained efficiency, potentially resulting in the refurbishment of assets with minimal risks or inconsequential impacts. An evolved and more sophisticated perspective on asset management involves a comprehensive evaluation of the functions delivered by infrastructure elements, whether they pertain to drainage pipes or other stormwater control measures. By harmonizing the state of assets with the contextual stakes and vulnerabilities within the specific territory or region under the purview of the utility manager responsible for the upkeep of the drainage network, a more precise targeting of rehabilitation necessities can be achieved. This precision, in turn, culminates in a notable enhancement of the system's overall performance. This holistic approach, commonly referred to as a risk-based strategy, furnishes an inclusive framework for optimizing location strategies. This optimization hinges on the prioritization of rehabilitation requisites through a meticulous multi-criteria analysis. This chapter delves into the foundational functionalities inherent in urban drainage systems, coupled with their associated services. Subsequently, the succeeding section elucidates the shift from a condition-centred methodology to a performance-centric approach. A series of illustrative case studies follow, providing real-world context to the concepts discussed.
Waterborne Cryptosporidium species and Giardia duodenalis in resources of MENA: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ayed Layla Ben , Ahmed Shahira Abdelaziz Ali , Boughattas Sonia , Karanis Panagiotis 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

This review explores our understanding of Cryptosporidium species and Giardia duodenalis distribution in Middle East and North African (MENA) water resources. Results emphasize that Cryptosporidium species (sp.) and G. duodenalis (oo)cysts are present in distinct categories of water in ten MENA countries. Cryptosporidium sp. proportional prevalence in the MENA region was 24.5% (95% CI 16.3–33.8), while G. duodenalis prevalence was 37.7% (95% CI 21.9–55.1). Raw wastewater and surface water were the water categories most significantly impacted. Both parasites were reported in the various types of MENA drinking waters. The most frequent species/genotypes reported were C. hominis, C. parvum, and G. duodenalis assemblage A. Despite the high prevalence of (oo)cysts reported, we should consider the absence of waterborne outbreaks. This indicates significant underestimation and underreporting of both parasites in MENA. Stakeholders should apply water contamination legislation to eradicate Cryptosporidium sp. and G. duodenalis (oo)cysts from water resources/categories.
Geochemical characterization of spring waters from the Tinerkouk region, southwestern Algeria
Authors: Bahous Nasri , Benatiallah Djelloul , Assia Arbaoui , Slimane Kalloum , Hammad Tahir , Mokhtaria Hamayem 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

The present work focused on the geochemical characterization of spring water in the Tinerkouk region in southwestern Algeria. The suitability of the spring water for drinking was assessed using its physicochemical parameters, which included pH, total dissolved solids, major and minor cation and anion compositions, and electrical conductivity. These parameters were compared to Algerian regulations and WHO (World Health Organization) standards to see if the water met the requirements for both spring water and mineral water according to the prevailing standards in force. For this purpose, 43 spring water samples were collected from Tinerkouk region and especially from mineral water unit of Tazliza, during the period 2009-2022. The results obtained for pH, conductivity, sulfate, chloride, nitrate, sodium, and potassium, showed that the water samples from all the sampled springs were acceptable for consumption and within the acceptable limits in accordance with specified criteria, except for Oudghagh, Fatis, and Benzita. However, at these sites, TDS, conductivity, nitrates, and chlorides exceeded the acceptable values. It was also noted that, the spring water from the Tazliza unit is classified as excellent for drinking purposes and meets the permissible limits defined by the legislation for mineral and spring waters. The results also indicate that the predominant chemical facies of the Tazliza spring waters are chlorinated and sulfated sodium and potassium.
Exploring the effects of faults on the performance of a biological wastewater treatment process
Authors: Ivan Heidi Lynn , Zaccaria Valentina 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

To prioritise which faults should be detected in a biological wastewater treatment process, and with what level of urgency, it is necessary to understand the effect that they have on the process. Using the Benchmark Simulation Model No. 1 and 2. (BSM1 and BSM2), several process and sensor faults were considered and their impacts on various cost, quality, and controller performance evaluation metrics analysed. Both the cost of treating the wastewater and the quality of the effluent were impacted in varying degrees of severity by the faults tested. The most influential faults in both models were decreases to autotrophic and heterotrophic growth rates, decreases to the heterotrophic death rate, and the inhabitation fault. It was shown that only larger fault sizes were significant, and the required speed of detection is dependent on the fault profile. Prioritising detection of the most influential faults was shown to have significant effects on monitoring requirements for fault detection and the subsequent complexity required of a fault detection system. A valuable takeaway was the similarity of results from BSM1 and BSM2; the consistency of the influential process faults suggests that systems that can be described by these models are likely affected by the same faults.
In situ electro-generated Ni(OH)2 synergistic with Cu cathode to promote direct ammonia oxidation to nitrogen
Authors: Xue Yuzhou , Wang Xuanxuan , Liu Qing , Feng Mengru , Ding Zimo , Chu Jiayue , Zhu Wenyan , Liu Na , Li Zhichun 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

To solve the problem of low removal rate and poor N2 selectivity in direct electrochemical ammonia oxidation (EAO), commercial Ni foam and Cu foam were used as anode and cathode of the EAO system, respectively. The coupling effect between the cathode and anode promoted nitrogen cycling during the reaction process, which improved N2 selectivity of the reaction system and promoted it to achieve a high ammonia removal rate. This study showed that the thin Ni(OH)2 with oxygen vacancy formed on the surface of Ni foam anode played an effective role in the dimerization of intermediate products in ammonia oxidation to form N2. This electrochemical system was used to treat real goose wastewater containing 422.5 mg/L NH4+-N and 94.5 mg/L total organic carbon (TOC). After treatment, this electrochemical system achieved good performance with an ammonia removal rate of 87%, N2 selectivity of 77%, and TOC removal rate of 72%. Therefore, this simple and efficient system with Ni foam anode and Cu foam cathode is a promising method for treating ammonia nitrogen wastewater.
Ligand-protein Docking of Gundelia tournefortii and Ocimum basilicum Derivatives in Scanning Hub Protein Targets (PI3K, PDK1, AKT, and RAC1) of the Insulin Signaling Pathway and ADME/Tox Drug Properties
Authors: Tahayneh Seema , Qasem Baylasan , Zakarneh Hadeel , Shanak Siba , Zaid Hilal 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Type 2 diabetes is a heterogeneous disease characterized by high blood glucose levels. Its prevalence is increasing as a result of lifestyle, related
genes expression, and insufficient insulin signaling. The activation or inhibition of some proteins in the insulin signaling pathway play a vital role
in glucose uptake into the cells and in maintaining serum glucose homeostasis. Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), 3-phosphoinositide-dependent
protein kinase-1 (PDK1), Protein kinase B [PKB, also known as the serine and threonine kinase (AKT)], and Rac family small GTPase 1 (RAC1)
are key proteins that play important roles in the liberation of Glucose Transported-4 (GLUT4) vesicle, and consequently the uptake of glucose in
response to the insulin signal of hyperglycemia.

Objective:
In this study, we have focused on the route of targeting insulin signaling proteins for decreasing insulin resistance by targeting the four proteins,
PI3K, PDK1, AKT, and RAC1, using in silico studies.

Methods:
Docking experiments, using AutoDock algorithms, were performed to predict the activity of eight recently purified derivatives of Gundelia
tournefortii (GT) and Ocimum basilicum (4-hydroxybenzoic acid, beta-amyrin, beta-sitosterol, chlorogenic acid, lupeol, lupeol-trifluoroacetate,
myo-inositol, and stigmasterol) on the insulin signaling proteins. The SwissADME website was used to predict ADMEtox properties for the eight
derivatives of the above-mentioned medicinal plants.

Results:
Most of the Gundelia tournefortii and Ocimum basilicum derivatives have shown variable levels of activation, mainly on the PDK1 and AKT
pathways, and to a much lesser extent on the PI3K and RAC1 pathways.

Conclusion:
The results have indicated that Gundelia tournefortii and Ocimum basilicum derivatives can be potent anti-diabetic drugs, namely in targeting
PDK1 and AKT pathways.
Association between polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescent girls and vitamin D levels
Authors: Sorokman T.V. , Komshuk T.S. , Sokolnyk I.S. , Moldovan P.M. 
Published: June 2024

Background. There is currently a debate about the diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adolescent girls. The role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of PCOS remains unclear. The purpose: to study the serum level of 25(OH)D in adolescent girls and to analyze its connection with PCOS. Materials and ­methods. Twenty-three patients aged 14–18 years with PCOS were examined on the basis of the Chernivtsi Regional Clinical Hospital. The control group consisted of 25 girls of a similar age without disorders of gynecological status. Body mass index, degree of hirsutism, hormonal, lipid profile, HOMA index, calcium concentration were determined according to generally accepted methods. Levels of serum 25(OH)D were measured using the electrochemiluminescence method. Sonography of the ovaries was performed. Statistical data were processed using the Microsoft Excel 2020 program on a personal computer and the package of application programs Statistica for Windows v. 7.0 (StatSoft Inc.). Ethical principles are observed in the work, taking into account the main provisions of the ІCH GCР and the Declaration of Helsinki. Results. The premorbid background of the examined adolescent girls included allergic reactions, infectious, respiratory, digestive, and urinary diseases. The level of 25(OH)D was inversely proportional to body mass index (r = –0.23, p < 0.05), hirsutism (r = –0.22, p < 0.05), HOMA-IR (r = –0.198, p < 0.05). Deficiency of 25(OH)D in adolescent girls with excess body weight was associated with dyslipidemia (r = –0.33, p < 0.01). Indicators of the serum level of calcium varied within the reference values. The odds ratios for the development of PCOS in adolescent girls were: 25(OH)D [2.35, 95% CI: 1.84–5.06, p < 0.05]; excess body weight [2.09, 95% CI: 1.94–4.56, p < 0.05], clinical hyperandrogenism (hirsutism) [2.98, 95% CI: 2.12–4.19, р < 0.01]; HOMA-IR [2.30, 95% CI: 1.02–5.15, р = 0.04]; high-density lipoproteins [2.56, 95% CI: 1.92–5.87]. Conclusions. PCOS occurs on the background of 25(OH)D insufficiency or deficiency. 25(OH)D deficiency, excess body weight, clinical hyperandrogenism, HOMA-IR, and high-density lipoproteins increase the risk of PCOS in adolescent girls.