bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity of Aquatic Ecosystems in Urban Areas - Public Expectations
Authors: Sender Joanna , Maślanko Weronika 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
In urban ecosystems, typically created by humans, it is very difficult to balance the needs of all its inhabitants. Significance of nature in the cities has been perceived since the ancient times. In the city there are many problems associated with the lack or sometimes excess of water, as well as poor quality. In times of water resources decline and their progressive degradation, each aquatic ecosystem should be investigated because of its values. Among the aquatic ecosystems occurring in the cities, there are: river valleys, natural lakes, water reservoirs, as well as small bodies of water. The aim of this study is to raise public awareness about the role of aquatic ecosystems in cities with different sizes and with a varying number of inhabitants. All respondents in each type of city felt the need of water presence in their surroundings and treated it as a necessary part of the proper functioning, as well as a place for rest and recreation. However, lack of management and a poor ecological status of them were noticed
Implementation of a Sustainable Logistic System Model for the Communal Waste Collection in the Municipality of Bitola (Macedonia)
Authors: Dukoski Ivo , Talevski Nikolche 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The purpose of this paper aims for collection, transport and depositing of the communal waste in the Municipality of Bitola. The justification of another systematic approach toward the communal waste in the Municipality of Bitola is also represented.
There are many benefits of the implementation of this kind of sustainable logistic model system for collection of the communal waste in the Municipality of Bitola. It was summarized that the benefits that would be obtained lead to improvement of the living conditions, and with that the implementation of this model would be justified completely
Description of an Ecotechnical Method, Proposed for the Hârtibaciu River Along the Sector in Agnita, Sibiu County
Authors: Voicu Răzvan , Voicu Liliana 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The Hârtibaciu River is channelled (covered by concrete) near the city of Agnita and represents the confluence of numerous sources of local pollution having a negative impact both qualitatively and quantitatively. Lack of riparian vegetation gives the Hârtibaciu River an unpleasant aspect and cannot provide an efficient filter.
This ecotechnical method helps to protect the special protected areas (SPAs) into Hârtibaciu River basin and to clean the river in the city of Agnita. By the means of this method the quality of the Cibin River can also be improved, as the Hârtibaciu River is a tributary of it
The C-, Si-, Ge-Doped (6,3) Chiral BNNTs: A Computational Study
Authors: Zardoost Mohammad Reza , Dehbandi Behnam , Dehbandi Marjan 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Electronic structure properties including bond lengths, bond angles, dipole moments (μ), energies, band gaps, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) parameters of the isotropic and anisotropic chemical shielding parameters for the sites of various atoms were calculated using density functional theory for C-, Si-, and Ge-doped (6,3) chiral BNNTs. The calculations indicated that average bond lengths were as follows: Ge–N>Si–N>C–N and Ge–B>Si–B>C–B. The dipole moments for C-, Si-, and Ge-doped (6,3) chiral BNNTs structures show fairly large changes with respect to the pristine model.
Small Baby Unit Improves Quality and Outcomes in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Morris Mindy , Cleary John Patrick , Soliman Antoine 
Published: September 2015

OBJECTIVE:The survival rates for extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants have improved, but many are discharged from the hospital with significant challenges. Our goal was to improve outcomes for this population by using a multidisciplinary team–based quality improvement approach.METHODS:A unique program called the Small Baby Unit (SBU) was established in a children’s hospital to care for the ELBW infant born at 28 weeks or less and weighing less than 1000 g at birth. These patients were cared for in a separate location from the main neonatal unit. A core multidisciplinary team that participates in ongoing educational and process-improvement collaboration provides care. Evidence-based guidelines and checklists standardized the approach.RESULTS:Data from the 2 years before and 4 years after opening the SBU are included. There was a reduction in chronic lung disease from 47.5% to 35.4% (P = .097). The rate of hospital-acquired infection decreased from 39.3% to 19.4% (P &lt; .001). Infants being discharged with growth restriction (combined weight and head circumference &lt;10th percentile) decreased from 62.3% to 37.3% (P = .001). Reduced resource utilization was demonstrated as the mean number per patient of laboratory tests decreased from 224 to 82 (P &lt; .001) and radiographs decreased from 45 to 22 (P &lt; .001).CONCLUSIONS:Care in a distinct unit by a consistent multidisciplinary SBU team using quality improvement methods improved outcomes in ELBW infants. Ongoing team engagement and development are required to sustain improved outcomes.
Two-Year Outcomes of a Population-Based Intervention for Preschool Language Delay: An RCT
Authors: Wake Melissa , Levickis Penny , Tobin Sherryn , Gold Lisa , Ukoumunne Obioha C. , Goldfeld Sharon , Zens Naomi , Le Ha N.D. , Law James , Reilly Sheena 
Published: September 2015

OBJECTIVE:
We have previously shown short-term benefits to phonology, letter knowledge, and possibly expressive language from systematically ascertaining language delay at age 4 years followed by the Language for Learning intervention. Here, we report the trial’s definitive 6-year outcomes.

METHODS:
Randomized trial nested in a population-based ascertainment. Children with language scores &gt;1.25 SD below the mean at age 4 were randomized, with intervention children receiving 18 1-hour home-based therapy sessions. Primary outcome was receptive/expressive language. Secondary outcomes were phonological, receptive vocabulary, literacy, and narrative skills; parent-reported pragmatic language, behavior, and health-related quality of life; costs of intervention; and health service use. For intention-to-treat analyses, trial arms were compared using linear regression models.

RESULTS:
Of 1464 children assessed at age 4, 266 were eligible and 200 randomized; 90% and 82% of intervention and control children were retained respectively. By age 6, mean language scores had normalized, but there was little evidence of a treatment effect for receptive (adjusted mean difference 2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] –1.2 to 5.7; P = .20) or expressive (0.8; 95% CI –1.6 to 3.2; P = .49) language. Of the secondary outcomes, only phonological awareness skills (effect size 0.36; 95% CI 0.08–0.65; P = .01) showed benefit. Costs were higher for intervention families (mean difference AU$4276; 95% CI: $3424 to $5128).

CONCLUSIONS:
Population-based intervention targeting 4-year-old language delay was feasible but did not have lasting impacts on language, possibly reflecting resolution in both groups. Long-term literacy benefits remain possible but must be weighed against its cost.
Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Influenza in Children, 2015–2016
Authors:   Committee on Infectious Diseases
Published: September 2015

The purpose of this statement is to update recommendations for routine use of seasonal influenza vaccine and antiviral medications for the prevention and treatment of influenza in children. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends annual seasonal influenza immunization for all people 6 months and older, including all children and adolescents. Highlights for the upcoming 2015–2016 season include the following:
1. Annual universal influenza immunization is indicated with either a trivalent or quadrivalent vaccine (no preference).
2. The 2015–2016 influenza A (H3N2) and B (Yamagata lineage) vaccine strains differ from those contained in the 2014–2015 seasonal vaccines.
a. Trivalent vaccine contains an A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) pdm09-like virus; an A/Switzerland/9715293/2013 (H3N2)-like virus; and a B/Phuket/3073/2013-like virus (B/Yamagata lineage).
b. Quadrivalent vaccine contains an additional B virus (B/Brisbane/60/2008-like virus [B/Victoria lineage]).
3. The dosing algorithm for administration of influenza vaccine to children 6 months through 8 years of age has been updated to reflect that virus strains in the vaccine have changed from last season.
With an increasing number of organizations mandating influenza vaccine, all health care personnel should receive influenza vaccine each season and fully promote influenza vaccine use and infection-control measures. In addition, pediatricians should promptly identify children clinically presumed to have influenza disease for rapid antiviral treatment, when indicated, to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Influenza Immunization for All Health Care Personnel: Keep It Mandatory
Authors:   COMMITTEE ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Byington Carrie L. , Maldonado Yvonne A. , Barnett Elizabeth D. , Davies H. Dele , Edwards Kathryn M. , Lynfield Ruth , Munoz Flor M. , Nolt Dawn L. , Nyquist Ann-Christine , Rathore Mobeen H. , Sawyer Mark H. , Steinbach William J. , Tan Tina Q. , Zaoutis Theoklis E. 
Published: September 2015

This Policy statement was reaffirmed March 2020.
The purpose of this statement is to reaffirm the American Academy of Pediatrics’ support for a mandatory influenza immunization policy for all health care personnel. With an increasing number of organizations requiring influenza vaccination, coverage among health care personnel has risen to 75% in the 2013 to 2014 influenza season but still remains below the Healthy People 2020 objective of 90%. Mandatory influenza immunization for all health care personnel is ethical, just, and necessary to improve patient safety. It is a crucial step in efforts to reduce health care–associated influenza infections.
Electrophysical and structural properties of the composite quantum wells In0.52Al0.48As/InxGa1−xAs/In0.52Al0.48As with ultrathin InAs inserts
Authors: Galiev Galib Barievich , Vasil'evskii Ivan Sergeevich , Klimov Evgeniy Aleksandrovich , Pushkarev Sergey Sergeevich , Klochkov Aleksey Nikolaevich , Maltsev Petr Pavlovich , Presniakov Mihail Yuryevich , Trunkin Igor Nikolaevich , Vasiliev Aleksandr Leonidovich 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Goldhafer-Intoxikation bei Pferden: Wie sicher ist die Heuqualität von extensiven Standorten?
Authors: Bockisch F. , Aboling S. , Coenen M. , Vervuert I. 
Published: September 2015

ZusammenfassungDie Vitamin-D-Intoxikation durch die Aufnahme von Goldhafer (Trisetum flavescens) ist ein als Enzootische Kalzinose bekanntes Problem im Alpenvorland. Dabei kommt es vor allem bei Wiederkäuern, aber auch bei Pferden zu Kalzifizierungen von Weichteilgeweben wie von großen Gefäßen, Sehnen, Bändern, Lunge, Herz und Niere mit Funktionsverlust der betroffenen Gewebe sowie Bewegungsstörungen, Inappetenz und Abmagerung. Für das Pferd gibt es jedoch nur wenige Fallbeschreibungen. Im vorgestellten Fall kam es in einem Reitstall in Thüringen zu einer Vitamin-D3-Intoxikation, nachdem über mehrere Wochen ein Heu gefüttert wurde, das bis zu 50% Goldhafer enthielt. Die Pferde zeigten zunehmenden Appetitverlust, teils mit Abmagerung, Polydipsie und Polyurie, sowie Koliksymptome. Das Heu stammte von einer Wiese, die entsprechend der sogenannten Fauna-Flora-Habitat(FFH)-Richtlinie ausschließlich extensiv genutzt wurde. Der Fallbericht gibt am Beispiel des Goldhafers Hinweise zum Gefährdungspotenzial extensiv genutzter Habitate, die der Heugewinnung dienen, und stellt die Besonderheiten des Vitamin-D-Stoffwechsels anhand der Goldhaferintoxikation bei Pferden dar.
Effects of various procedures for synchronisation of parturition in sows
Authors: Zaremba W. , Udluft T. , Bostedt H. 
Published: September 2015

Summary
Objective: The effects of various parturition controlling measures in sows on the relevant parameters for parturition were investigated. Material and methods: A total of 1975 study animals were divided into five groups: control group: A (n = 710); trial groups: B (n = 719), C (n = 180), D (n = 175), E (n = 191). The control group (A) included sows that spontaneously farrowed until day 114 of gestation. The remaining sows were administered a PGF2α-analogue (175 µg cloprostenol) on day 114. All sows that farrowed within 24 hours after prostaglandin-medication were summarised in trial group B. Dams that did not farrow until day 115 were either administered oxytocin (20 IU i. m., group C) or carbetocin in two different doses (70 µg, group D or 35 µg, group E). The sows were monitored during the peripartal period over 24 hours. Results: 83.8% of the farrowings were without any complications. The percentage of dystocia varied between the individual groups. Given a complication-free farrowing the expulsion stage began 13.0 hours (group B), 2.4 hours (group C), 1.6 hours (group D) and 1.4 hours (group E) after medication. The expulsion interval of the farrowing of two piglets decreased from 21.1 minutes with spontaneous farrowings (group A) to 18.6 minutes (group E) as a result of the administration of 35 µg carbetocin. The rate of stillborn piglets as well as the incidence of puerperal disorders and the losses of the suckling piglets also gradually, partly even significantly (p 0.05) decreased from group A to E. Conclusion and clinical relevance: The results of this study show that the use of the long-acting oxytocin carbetocin has advantages compared to oxytocin (e. g. shortened duration of birth, reduction of stillbirths). The tested dosages of carbetocin (35 µg or 70 µg) proved to be equally effective. Administration of the lower dose is recommended, since this reduces use of the active ingredient.
Школа и «внешние» факторы
Authors: Konstantinovsky David 
Published: September 2015

Константиновский Давид Львович - доктор социологических наук, руководитель Центра социологии образования, науки и культуры Института социологии РАН. Email: scan21@mail.ruНа статистических материалах и данных эмпирических социологических исследований с 1960?х по 2000?е годы прослеживается влияние на функционирование школы внешних воздействий: экономических, политических, демографических факторов, а также мер по социальному управлению. Результат оказывается итогом сочетания нескольких составляющих. Показаны изменения в охвате молодежи школьным образованием в нашей стране, следующие за переменами в социуме. Формирование охвата школьным образованием исследуется на основании сведений о прохождении ступеней образования возрастными когортами. Продемонстрирован социальный характер выбытия из классов школы.
Funcionamiento conyugal en padres de familia que llevan a sus hijos a una evaluación psiquiátrica
Authors: Leija Mauricio ,   Clínica de Niños y Adolescentes del Instituto Jalisciense de Salud Mental., Jiménez Israel Itzaman , Macias Lidia Karina ,   Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil “Dr. Juan N. Navarro”.,   Instituto Bateson de Psicoterapia Sistémica A.C.
Published: September 2015

Resumen

Antecedentes. Recientemente, la investigación en familias con psicopatología ha demostrado la relación entre los trastornos mentales infantiles y los problemas en el subsistema conyugal.

Objetivo. Describir el ajuste conyugal de un grupo de padres de familia que solicitaron atención psiquiátrica para sus hijos, y asociarlo con la gravedad de la psicopatología presente en éstos.

Método. Se incluyó a un grupo de 48 niños y adolescentes, y a 76 progenitores. La psicopatología infantil se evaluó por medio de la MINI-Kid y el ajuste conyugal se evaluó mediante la Escala de Ajuste Diádico (EAD-13).

Resultados. El 72.9% de los menores tuvo al menos un progenitor que reportó un bajo ajuste diádico. La correlación entre las puntuaciones de la EAD-13 obtenidas de cada miembro de las parejas fue baja (p
Research on Static Compression Test of Polyurethane Foam/Honeycomb Paperboard Composite Material
Authors: Ju Wang , Jifeng Liang , Lei Lv 
Published: September 2015

To study the mechanical behavior and energy absorption ability of polyurethane foam/honeycomb paperboard
composite material under the static compression test.
The static compression tests of polyurethane foam/honeycomb paperboard composite material are conducted by electronic
universal testing machine. The mechanical behavior under the condition of static compression and the factors influencing
the composite materials’ static cushioning properties were analyzed. Then, a comparison was made based on the energy
absorption ability between composite materials and simple materials.
The yield stress, strength and other indicators of foam/honeycomb paperboard have doubled the growth after filling
polyurethane. The aperture size is the main influencing factor affecting the static cushioning properties of composite
material.
The energy absorption amount of composite materials is about 1.85 times than the total energy of two simple materials.
Electric Vehicle Charging Load Model Based on Diffusion Theory
Authors: Peng Han , Wu Jinmei , Wang Lu 
Published: September 2015

Purpose:
discuss actual application value of the diffusion theory in massive electric vehicle charging load.

Method:
introduce single vehicle charging process, extend it to charging process of two and multiple electric vehicles,
abstract physical process of parallel charging of electric vehicles, introduce energy block concept and diffusion theory,
and establish diffusion charging model of electric vehicles based on them.

Results:
computing results of the charging load of multiple electric vehicles indicates that the computing results of the
diffusion load model of electric vehicles feature better continuity and lower load compared to the computing results of the
Monte Carlo load model. The charging load curve of private vehicles shows double peaks on the business days. The
charging load of vehicles reduces at the weekend and shows single-peak curve.

Conclusion:
the computing results validate effectivity of the diffusion theory in charging model of multiple electric
vehicles, which is worthy of further research in industrialization process.
Foreign Ownership and Real Earnings Management: Evidence from Japan
Authors: Guo Jun , Huang Pinghsun , Zhang Yan , Zhou Nan 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT
Studying a sample of Japanese firms, we examine whether foreign investors exert a significant influence on earnings management through manipulation of real activities. We find that foreign investors play an independent role in restraining real earnings management, as captured by abnormal cash flow from operations, abnormal discretionary expenses, abnormal production costs, or a composite of the aforementioned three measures. These results are robust to a variety of controls, including economic fundamentals, domestic blockholdings, governance mechanisms, and endogeneity of foreign ownership. Our findings indicate that sophisticated foreign investors, with relatively few business ties to local management, improve the accounting oversight of local firms by curbing earnings manipulation via operating activities. Collectively, our evidence suggests that one potential benefit of capital market globalization is less real earnings management in particular and higher earnings quality in general.
JEL Classifications: M41; F23; G32.
Are maximum bite forces of subjects 7 to 17 years of age related to malocclusion?
Authors: Roldán Samuel I. , Restrepo Luis G. , Isaza Juan F. , Vélez Luz G. , Buschang Peter H. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTObjective: To determine the effects of occlusion on maximum bite force of growing subjects.Materials and Methods: Incisor and first molar bite force of children and adolescents was evaluated. Four cohorts were measured annually for 3 years, starting at approximately 7, 9, 12, and 15 years of age, respectively. The initial sample included 182 females and 198 males; there were 130 subjects with normal occlusion, 111 with Class I malocclusion, and 139 with Class II malocclusion. Multilevel analyses were performed to model the growth changes and compare groups.Results: Maximum bite force increased significantly (P &lt; .05) over time. Incisal forces peaked at 14.3 and 15.3 years of age for females and males, respectively. Maximum molar bite force peaked at 16 years for both males and females. Subjects with normal occlusion had significantly higher bite force than subjects with malocclusion. Maximum molar bite force exhibited a significant testing effect, with forces increasing 2.6 kg each year that the tests were repeated.Conclusions: Malocclusion has a detrimental effect on bite force. Changes in maximum bite force are also due to age, sex, and repeated testing.
American Cancer Society Colorectal Cancer Survivorship Care Guidelines
Authors: El‐Shami Khaled , Oeffinger Kevin C. , Erb Nicole L. , Willis Anne , Bretsch Jennifer K. , Pratt‐Chapman Mandi L. , Cannady Rachel S. , Wong Sandra L. , Rose Johnie , Barbour April L. , Stein Kevin D. , Sharpe Katherine B. , Brooks Durado D. , Cowens‐Alvarado Rebecca L. 
Published: September 2015

Answer questions and earn CME/CNEColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and third leading cause of cancer death in both men and women and second leading cause of cancer death when men and women are combined in the United States (US). Almost two‐thirds of CRC survivors are living 5 years after diagnosis. Considering the recent decline in both incidence and mortality, the prevalence of CRC survivors is likely to increase dramatically over the coming decades with the increase in rates of CRC screening, further advances in early detection and treatment and the aging and growth of the US population. Survivors are at risk for a CRC recurrence, a new primary CRC, other cancers, as well as both short‐term and long‐term adverse effects of the CRC and the modalities used to treat it. CRC survivors may also have psychological, reproductive, genetic, social, and employment concerns after treatment. Communication and coordination of care between the treating oncologist and the primary care clinician is critical to effectively and efficiently manage the long‐term care of CRC survivors. The guidelines in this article are intended to assist primary care clinicians in delivering risk‐based health care for CRC survivors who have completed active therapy.CA Cancer J Clin 2015;65:427–455. ©2015 American Cancer Society.