bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Germination of Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) D.C. seeds at different osmotic potentials and temperatures
Authors: Miranda Rodrigo De Queiroga , Correia Rafaela Moura , de Almeida‐Cortez Jarcilene Silva , Pompelli Marcelo Francisco 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe effects of osmolytes, osmotic potential (Ψs), temperature, and their interactions on the germinability, germination rate, and other germination parameters of the invasive shrub Prosopis juliflora, which grows in the semiarid environmental conditions of the Caatinga in northeast Brazil, were evaluated. To study the effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and NaCl stress and temperature on germination, two separate experiments were carried out at the Plant Ecophysiology Laboratory of the Federal University of Pernambuco in 2011. The overall germinability decreased significantly with increases in both PEG (one‐way anova, F4,75 = 111.21, P ≤ 0.001) and NaCl (one‐way anova, F4,75 = 12.82, P ≤ 0.001); however, the effects were more accentuated with PEG than NaCl. The PEG‐treated seeds maintained their germinability, even when they were subjected to a Ψs = −1 MPa after being rinsed and allowed to germinate on deionized water. In contrast, NaCl‐treated seeds usually lost their ability to germinate; this fact was possibly linked to the accumulation of Na+ and Cl− in the cells, which may have contributed to a loss of membrane function that led to the death of the embryos. Although numerous studies describing seed germination in the presence of osmolytes have been conducted, studies that show the interactions between osmolytes, osmotic potentials, and temperature are scarce. The present study is the first to describe these interactions for P. juliflora seeds.
Detecting therapeutic improvement early in therapy: validation of the SCORE‐15 index of family functioning and change
Authors: Stratton Peter , Lask Judith , Bland Julia , Nowotny Ewa , Evans Chris , Singh Reenee , Janes Emma , Peppiatt Anneka 
Published: September 2013

The SCORE index of family functioning and change is an established measure, with strong psychometric properties, of the quality of family life. We report the sensitivity to therapeutic change of the short form, the SCORE‐15. Data are reported from 584 participants aged above 11 years, representing 239 families. All couples and families had been referred for systemic couples and family therapy, completing the form at start of the first session and close to the fourth. The SCORE‐15 is shown to be acceptable with strong consistency and reliability. Change over only three sessions was highly statistically significant. Further validation is provided by improvements in quantified scores correlating significantly with independent measures provided by family members and by their therapists. The SCORE‐15 is a proven measure of therapy and of therapeutic change in family functioning. It is therefore a routinely usable tool applicable to service evaluation, quality improvement, and to support clinical practice.Practitioner Points
The SCORE provides practitioners with brief descriptions of varied aspects of family interaction that have proven significance for many families who present for therapy.
SCORE‐15 can be used with confidence to monitor and report proven indicators of progress in systemic therapy.
Because SCORE identifies clinically significant issues of family interaction it has many potential uses in therapy.
There are many new possibilities for therapists to undertake collaborative research.
Gentrification inHongKong? Epistemology vs. Ontology
Authors: Ley David , Teo Sin Yih 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThis article examines the transferability of the concept of gentrification away from itsAnglo‐American heartland to the cities ofAsia Pacific and specificallyHongKong. An epistemological argument challenges such theoretical licence, claiming that conceptual overreach represents another example ofAnglo‐American hegemony asserting the primacy of its concepts in other societies and cultures. Past research suggests that if gentrification exists inAsia Pacific cities it bears some definite regional specificities of urban form, state direction and, most surprising from a Western perspective, a potentially progressive dimension for some impacted residents. Closer examination of urban discourse inHongKong is conducted through analysis ofEnglish andChinese language newspapers. In both instances, gentrification is barely used to describe the pervasive processes of urban redevelopment, which otherwise receive abundant coverage. Interviews with local housing experts confirm the marginality of gentrification in academic and public discourse, and the power of a local ideology that sees urban (re)development unproblematically as a means of upward social mobility. However, in the decade‐long housing bust after 1997, growing inequality has encouraged a nascent class analysis of the property market, an ontological awakening that may prove more favourable to the identification of gentrification in anAsia Pacific idiom.
Nucleotide based validation of Ocimum species by evaluating three candidate barcodes of the chloroplast region
Authors: Christina V. L. P. , Annamalai A. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe genus Ocimum comprises of several medicinally important species which frequently fall prey to adulteration due to misidentification. A proficient method is hence required to solve the problems that exist in differentiating its various morphotypes. In plants, candidate DNA barcodes of the chloroplast and nuclear regions have proved to be a great success in the validation of several plant families. Hence, this study involves the use of the molecular‐based DNA barcoding method to identify some of the most common and useful species of the genus Ocimum (Tulsi). Here, DNA amplification of three candidate barcodes of the chloroplast genome viz. matK, rbcL and psbA‐trnH was performed, to access their ability to produce high sequence variability. The discrimination among species was performed using the Kimura 2‐parameter and maximum composite likelihood methods. On analysing the sequence data, the psbA‐trnH region proved to be the most suitable candidate barcode and gave an overall variation of 7.3% at the interspecies level. A clear differentiation was found at the species level, showing a maximum distance of 0.264 between dissimilar species. Also, phylogenetic analysis led to the successful identification of hybrids, while it failed to do so at the variety level. Hence, it can be inferred that DNA barcoding is ideal for species‐level identification of the genus Ocimum.
Molecular identification of cryptic bumblebee species from degraded samples using PCR–RFLP approach
Authors: Vesterlund S.‐R. , Sorvari J. , Vasemägi A. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe worldwide decline and local extinctions of bumblebees have raised a need for fast and accurate tools for species identification. Morphological characters are often not sufficient, and molecular methods have been increasingly used for reliable identification of bumblebee species. Molecular methods often require high‐quality DNA which makes them less suitable for analysis of low‐quality or older samples. We modified the PCR–RFLP protocol for an efficient and cost‐effective identification of four bumblebee species in the subgenus Bombus s. str. (B. lucorum, B. terrestris, B. magnus and B. cryptarum). We used a short partial mitochondrial COI fragment (446 bp) and three diagnostic restriction enzymes (Hinf I, Hinc II and Hae III) to identify species from degraded DNA material. This approach allowed us to efficiently determine the correct species from all degraded DNA samples, while only a subset of samples 64.6% (31 of 48) resulted in successful amplification of a longer COI fragment (1064 bp) using the previously described method. This protocol can be applied for conservation and management of bumblebees within this subgenus and is especially useful for fast species identification from degraded samples.
An Instructional Case Comparing the Accounting Policies and Financial Results of Online Retailers
Authors: Phillips Fred 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIn the role of financial analyst for a venture capital firm, you are assigned the responsibility of evaluating two online retailers who have applied for financing to build a distribution center in western Canada. Based on your developing knowledge of Canadian accounting standards for private enterprises (ASPE), you evaluate the financial reporting policies and financial results of the two companies to identify the company that is best suited for your firm's support. Through this case, you will refine your understanding of ASPE and you will exercise your reasoning and analytical skills.
Dental injury after conventional direct laryngoscopy: a prospective observational study
Authors: Mourão J. , Neto J. , Luís C. , Moreno C. , Barbosa J. , Carvalho J. , Tavares J. 
Published: September 2013

SummaryThis observational study assessed the frequency and risk factors of dental damage after classic direct laryngoscopy for tracheal intubation in 536 adult patients. The patients' sex, age, height, weight, dental condition, dental mobility, Mallampati class, interincisor gap, thyromental distance, neck circumference, and head and neck extension were recorded. From anaesthesia records, the difficulty of intubation, the number of attempts, type of neuromuscular blocking agent used and duration of anaesthesia were recorded. After anaesthesia, examination revealed that 134 patients (25.0%) had dental damage affecting 162 teeth (147 maxillary; 15 mandibular). Enamel fracture was the commonest injury. In tooth number 21, the interincisor gap (OR 2.5 (95% CI 1.0–5.9)) and in tooth number 22, the number of intubation attempts (OR 5.3 (95% CI 1.3–22.0)) were considered a risk factor for dental injury. Conventional direct laryngoscopy is associated with a strikingly high incidence of dental damage, although specific risk factors remain unclear.
Therapeutic relationships with individuals with learning disabilities: a qualitative study of the counselling psychologists' experience
Authors: Jones Rachel Ann 
Published: September 2013

Accessible summary

This research looked at what it is like to have a relationship with someone with a learning disability when doing psychological therapy.

It is important we know what it is like to have this relationship, so we can be good at doing therapy and get good outcomes for people.

The results say that the relationship is complicated but very important, and we need to know more about it.

SummaryThe therapeutic relationship, between client and therapist, is seen as a fundamental aspect in the outcome of therapy in the nonlearning disabled population. Literature suggests that the issues that are important in psychological therapy with the nonlearning disabled population should not lose significance with individuals with learning disabilities. Despite this, there exists a poor empirical and theoretical understanding of the complexities of the therapeutic relationship, when the individual has a learning disability. As a discipline, Counselling Psychology has a particular interest and skill base in understanding the therapeutic relationship and is therefore in a position to offer a valuable contribution to understanding the therapeutic relationship when an individual has a learning disability. Through eight semi‐structured interviews, counselling psychologists currently working with individuals with learning disabilities were asked to share their experiences and understanding of the nature and role of the therapeutic relationship. A qualitative methodology guided by interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) enabled detailed exploration of the counselling psychologists' perspective. Themes emerged identifying the therapeutic relationship as fundamental yet difficult due to variables such as the client's experience in relationships, the need for multiple relationships, the experience of needing to facilitate reassurance and the necessary skills for therapeutic approaches. Themes also emerged relating to therapist's motivations, values and needs when working with this client group and tensions concerning individualisation and the setting culture. The themes are discussed in relation to the existing literature and implications for theory and practice are explored.
Monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 level in the aqueous humour as a prognostic factor for the outcome of trabeculectomy
Authors: Inoue Toshihiro , Kawaji Takahiro , Tanihara Hidenobu 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of the aqueous humour monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 level on the surgical outcome of trabeculectomy in cases of phakic glaucoma.DesignRetrospective study.ParticipantsFifty‐three cases of open‐angle glaucoma.MethodsAt the time of trabeculectomy, aqueous humour samples were collected before any incisions were made. The monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 level was then determined by immunoassay. The Cox proportional hazards test was used to analyse the clinical factors related to failure of trabeculectomy. Subsequently, the success probability was calculated by Kaplan–Meier analysis and cumulative success probabilities were analysed by the log‐rank test.Main Outcome MeasuresProbability of success.ResultsIn 30 phakic glaucoma and 23 pseudophakic glaucoma cases, the mean monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 levels in aqueous humour were 1165.2 and 2152.9 pg/mL, respectively; the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). Univariate analysis showed that the outcomes of surgery were correlated with the monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 level, but not with age, gender, diagnosis of exfoliation glaucoma, pseudophakic status or pretrabeculectomy intraocular pressure. Subsequent multivariate analysis revealed that only the aqueous humour monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 level was significantly correlated with the outcomes of trabeculectomy (P = 0.043). Among the 30 phakic glaucoma eyes, the success probabilities after trabeculectomy were significantly different between the high and low monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 groups (P = 0.018).ConclusionIn open‐angle glaucoma patients, the monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 level is a prognostic factor for the results of trabeculectomy.
Laser‐assisted subepithelial keratectomy versus epipolis laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia: a meta‐analysis of clinical outcomes
Authors: Wen Daizong , Huang Jinhai , Li Xuexi , Savini Giacomo , Feng Yifan , Lin Qiaoya , Wang Qinmei 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBackgroundTo identify possible differences between laser‐assisted subepithelial keratectomy and epipolis laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia.DesignMeta‐analysis.ParticipantsPatients from previously reported comparative studies treated by laser‐assisted subepithelial keratectomy versus epipolis laser in situ keratomileusis.MethodsA systematic literature retrieval was conducted in the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library, up to January 2013. The included studies were subject to a meta‐analysis using a RevMan 5.1 version software.Main Outcome MeasuresThe differences in efficacy, predictability, safety, epithelial healing time, pain perception and corneal haze formation.ResultsA total of six studies involving 517 eyes were included. There were no statistically significant differences in the final proportion of eyes with uncorrected visual acuity of 6/6 or better (P = 0.43), mean postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (P = 0.53), final proportion of eyes with refraction within ± 0.50 D (P = 0.62) and ± 1.00 D (P = 0.16) of target, final proportion of eyes losing two or more lines of best spectacle‐corrected visual acuity (P = 1.00), healing time of corneal epithelium (P = 0.58), final proportion of eyes with corneal haze grade 0.5 or higher (P = 0.26), and corneal haze levels (P = 0.36).ConclusionsThere were no significant differences in efficacy, predictability, safety, epithelial healing time and corneal haze formation between laser‐assisted subepithelial keratectomy and epipolis laser in situ keratomileusis, but the result was limited. Future more data are required to detect the potential differences between the two procedures.
Retracted: Influence of Biphasic β‐TCP with and without the use of collagen membranes on bone healing of surgically critical size defects. A radiological, histological, and histomorphometric study
Authors: Calvo‐Guirado Jose L. , Ramírez‐Fernández Maria P. , Delgado‐Ruíz Rafael A. , Maté‐Sánchez Jose E. , Velasquez Pablo , de Aza Piedad N. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate, by means of radiological and histomorphometric analysis, the effect of resorbable collagen membranes on critical size defects (CSD) in rabbit tibiae filled with biphasic calcium phosphate.Materials and methodsThree CSD of 6 mm diameter were created in both tibiae of 20 New Zealand rabbits and divided into three groups according to the filling material: Group A (Ossceram), Group B (Ossceram plus Alveoprotect membrane), and Group C (unfilled control group). Five animals from each group were sacrificed after 15, 30, 45, and 60 days. Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs were taken. Samples were processed for observation under light microscopy.ResultsAt the end of treatment, radiological analysis found that cortical defect closure was greater in Group B than Group A, and radiopacity was clearly lower and more heterogeneous in the Group A cortical defects than in Group B. There was no cortical defect closure in Group C. Histomorphometric evaluation showed significant differences in newly formed bone and cortical closure in Group B compared with Groups A and C, with the presence of higher density newly formed bone in cortical and medullar zones. There was no cortical defect closure or medullar bone formation in Group C.ConclusionsBiphasic calcium phosphate functioned well as a scaffolding material allowing mineralized tissue formation. Furthermore, the addiction of absorbable collagen membranes enhanced bone gain compared with non‐membrane‐treated sites.
Evaluation of follicular T‐helper cells in primary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium pleomorphic T‐cell lymphoma and dermatitis
Authors: Ally Mina S. , Prasad Hunasehally Ranganna Y. , Rodriguez‐Justo Manuel , Martin Blanca , Verdolini Roberto , Attard Natalie , Child Fiona , Attygalle Ayoma , Whittaker Sean , Morris Stephen , Robson Alistair 
Published: September 2013

BackgroundCD4+ small/medium‐sized pleomorphic T‐cell lymphoma (SMPTCL) is a controversial primary cutaneous lymphoma, in which the candidate neoplastic cells express a follicular T‐helper phenotype. We describe 16 cases of SMPTCL and compare expression of PD‐1, CXCL‐13 and ICOS in these tumors with 40 dermatitis cases.MethodsHistopathologic examination and immunocytochemistry were performed for 16 tumors and 40 assorted dermatitis cases.ResultsAll but one patient presented with solitary lesions. Each biopsy revealed a dense nodular non‐epitheliotropic infiltrate of atypical T‐cells. Neoplastic cells were CD3+/CD4+/CD8(−)/CD30(−). Cutaneous recurrence occurred in one patient over a median follow up of 8 months (range 5–36). All tumors widely expressed PD‐1 and ICOS to a lesser extent. CXCL‐13 stained much fewer cells. Of the dermatitis cases, PD‐1 (most numerous) and ICOS labeled lymphoid cells in all cases, albeit fewer than in the tumors, and CXCL‐13 was negative in 32. A rosette pattern of PD‐1 expression was identified in all the SMPTCL cases but not in dermatitis.ConclusionsThere remains uncertainty about the appropriate nosological status of SMPTCL, which some authors consider to be a pseudolymphoma. However, this study suggests a significant difference in the prevalence and pattern of follicular T‐helper cell markers between this tumor and lymphoid proliferations known to be reactive.
The Return of Displaced Nuer in Southern Sudan: Women Becoming Men?
Authors: Grabska Katarzyna 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTConceptualizing war‐time displacement as a catalyst for social change, this article examines the gendered emplacement experiences of returnee displaced women in the aftermath of the recent (1983–2005) civil war in South Sudan. The article attempts to shed light on the strategies of returnee women in transforming and contributing to their communities in the context of an independent South Sudan. It focuses specifically on their gendered emplacement strategies to access land, livelihoods and political rights. Through these diverse actions, some women contest and reconfigure gender identities while others reinforce unequal power relations within their households and communities. These gendered emplacements emphasize the hybridity of place, identity and self in processes of social transformation.
Bacterial markers vs. clinical markers to predict progression of chronic periodontitis: a 2‐yr prospective observational study
Authors: Charalampakis Georgios , Dahlén Gunnar , Carlén Anette , Leonhardt Åsa 
Published: September 2013

The aim of this study was to identify sites at risk for future progression, during 2 yr of maintenance, in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), based on longitudinal clinical and microbiological monitoring. At baseline (2003), clinical and microbiological features were recorded in 50 patients with CP. Two microbial samples were obtained from each patient (one from a clinically healthy site and one from a periodontitis site) and these were analyzed using DNA–DNA hybridization involving 25 bacterial species. After non‐surgical periodontal therapy, clinical and microbiological re‐examinations were performed at the same or similar sites at 2 yr (2006) and 4 yr (2008) of maintenance. Plaque, bleeding on probing (BoP), and the number of sites with periodontitis (≥4 mm) and severe periodontitis (≥6 mm) all showed a significant decrease at 2 and 4 yr of maintenance after non‐surgical intervention. Checkerboard analysis revealed that various bacteria with a high colonization score (≥3) corroborated the clinical findings of pathology at 2003, 2006, and 2008. Different clusters of bacteria, not just the ‘red complex’, were able to predict progression of chronic periodontitis during 2 yr of maintenance (2006–2008). Therefore, quantified bacterial markers (reflecting bacterial load) and the clinical markers BoP and periodontal probing depth show comparable prediction of future disease condition.