bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Bayesian network model for assessing natural estrogen fate and transport in a swine waste lagoon
Authors: Lee Boknam , Kullman Seth W , Yost Erin , Meyer Michael T , Worley-Davis Lynn , Williams C Michael , Reckhow Kenneth H 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Commercial swine waste lagoons are regarded as a major reservoir of natural estrogens, which have the potential to produce adverse physiological effects on exposed aquatic organisms and wildlife. However, there remains limited understanding of the complex mechanisms of physical, chemical, and biological processes that govern the fate and transport of natural estrogens within an anaerobic swine lagoon. To improve lagoon management and ultimately help control the offsite transport of these compounds from swine operations, a probabilistic Bayesian network model was developed to assess natural estrogen fate and budget and then compared against data collected from a commercial swine field site. In general, the model was able to describe the estrogen fate and budget in both the slurry and sludge stores within the swine lagoon. Sensitivity analysis within the model demonstrated that the estrogen input loading from the associated barn facility was the most important factor in controlling estrogen concentrations within the lagoon slurry storage, whereas the settling rate was the most significant factor in the lagoon sludge storage. The degradation reactions were shown to be minor in both stores based on prediction of average total estrogen concentrations. Management scenario evaluations demonstrated that the best possible management options to reduce estrogen levels in the lagoon are either to adjust the estrogen input loading from swine barn facilities or to effectively enhance estrogen bonding with suspended solids through the use of organic polymers or inorganic coagulants. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2014;10:511–521. © 2014 SETAC
Key Points
A Probabilistic Bayesian network model was developed to assess natural estrogen fate and budget from a commercial swine field site, a major reservoir of natural estrogens that could potentially produce adverse effects on nearby wildlife. The model was able to describe the estrogen fate and budget in both the slurry and sludge stores within the swine lagoon. Management scenario evaluations demonstrated that the best possible management options to reduce estrogen levels in the lagoon are either to adjust the estrogen input loading from swine barn facilities, or to effectively enhance estrogen bonding with suspended solids through the use of organic polymers or inorganic coagulants.
Supramolecular Nanofibers Self‐Assembled from Foldamers: Structure Control through Preassembly
Authors: On (Ustinov) Alona Bar , Tidhar Yaron , Pinkas Iddo , Weissman Haim , Rybtchinski Boris 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe used a helical polymer backbone (polyacrylamide) as a scaffold to organize perylene diimide chromophores into well‐defined foldamers, which further undergo self‐assembly into supramolecular tube‐like arrays in aqueous media, as revealed by cryo‐TEM imaging. The arrays are supramolecular polymers, whose structure is templated by folded primary building blocks, representing a useful tool for directing self‐assembly . Exciton migration in the supramolecular arrays was studied by transient absorption and revealed a moderate exciton diffusion propensity.
Impact of Functionalized Polystyrenes as the Electron Injection Layer on Gold and Aluminum Surfaces: A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Study
Authors: Papadopoulos Theodoros A. , Li Hong , Kim Eung‐Gun , Liu Jie , Cella James A. , Heller Christian M. , Shu Andrew , Kahn Antoine , Duggal Anil , Brédas Jean‐Luc 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAt metal/organic interfaces, the insertion of an organic monolayer can significantly modify the surface properties of the substrate, especially in terms of charge injection across the interface. Herein, we study the formation of an insulating monolayer of morpholine or amine‐functionalized polystyrene on Al(111) and Au(111) surfaces and its impact on surface work‐function and charge injection. First‐principles calculations based on Density Functional Theory have been carried out and point to a significant decrease in the work‐function of modified metal surfaces; this is in very good agreement with ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy measurements performed on the Au(111) surface. In addition, a bilayer cathode, consisting of a thin film of high‐work‐function metal, such as Al and Au, and a layer of amine‐functionalized polystyrene, was also fabricated and tested in organic light‐emitting diodes. Such bilayer structures exhibit substantially enhanced efficiency when compared with controls without the functionalized polymers. Our combined theoretical and experimental investigation gives insight into how a thin layer of a commodity polymer can be used to transform rather high‐work‐function metals into high‐performance cathodes to provide efficient electron injection.
Fluorescent Dye Incorporated Magnetic/Silica and Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles Based Myoglobin Detection from Whole Blood Samples
Authors: Viswanathan Kaliyaperumal , Lee Y. C. , Chen Zhuang Ming 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe anti myoglobin conjugated iron oxide/ru(bpy)32+/silica, anti myoglobin conjugated rhodamine 6G/silica particles were prepared, and used for myoglobin detections. The anti myoglobin conjugated iron oxide/ru(bpy)32+/silica particles were mixed with myoglobin in the micro centrifuge tube. After 10 min, the magnetic separators were introduced to catch the myoglobin‐captured anti myoglobin/iron oxide/ru(bpy)32+/silica particles from the homogenous solutions. For sandwich assays, the anti myoglobin conjugated rhodamine 6G/silica particles were incubated. The concentration of myoglobin was quantified based on anti myoglobin conjugated rhodamine 6G/silica particles. The calibration curve of the myoglobin showed the linear range to be between 1 × 10−12 and 1 × 10−10 (M) (R2 = 0.9944). The minimum detectable concentration was 17.6 pg/mL. The fluorescence method offered the best way to determine myoglobin with a total analysis time of less than 30 min.
Construction and Validation of New Electrochemical Carbon Nanotubes Sensors for Determination of Acebutolol Hydrochloride in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Fluids
Authors: Alarfaj Nawal A. , El‐Tohamy Maha F. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA simple, rapid and a highly selective method for direct electrochemical determination of acebutolol hydrochloride (AC) was developed. The developed method was based on the construction of three types of sensors conventional polymer (I), carbon paste (II) and modified carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) carbon paste (III). The fabricated sensors depend mainly on the incorporation of acebutolol hydrochloride with phosphotungstic acid (PTA) forming ion exchange acebutolol‐phosphotungstate (AC‐PT). The performance characteristics of the proposed sensors were studied. The sensors exhibited Nernstian responses (55.6 ± 0.5, 57.14 ± 0.2 and 58.6 ± 0.4 mV mol L−1) at 25 °C over drug concentration ranges (1.0 × 10−6‐1.0 × 10−2, 1.0 × 10−7‐1.0 × 10−2 and 5.0 × 10−8‐1.0 × 10−2 mol L−1 with lower detection limits of (5.0 × 10−7, 5.0 × 10−8 and 2.5 × 10−8 mol L−1 for sensors (I), (II) and (III), respectively. The influence of common and possible interfering species, pharmaceutical additives and some related pharmacological action drugs was investigated using separate solution method and no interference was found. The stability indicating using forced degradation of acebutolol hydrochloride was studied. The standard addition method was used for determination of the investigated drug in its pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological fluids. The results were validated and statistically analysed and compared with those from previously reported methods.
Electrochemical Studies of Anticancer Herbal Drug Sophoridine and Its Interaction with DNA
Authors: Liu Hui , Zhao Dongwang , Zhao Aijuan , Zou Keke , Li Tiesheng , Wu Ynagjie 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSophoridine is a new anticancer herbal drug with remarkable antitumor effect and lower toxicity. In this paper, the electrochemical investigation of sophoridine and its interaction with DNA is reported. In 0.1 mol L−1 phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0), sophoridine exhibited excellent electrochemical activity. In the presence of DNA, the peak current of sophoridine decreased in a quantitative fashion and the peak potential shifted to a more positive potential value. It suggests the dominance of intercalative interaction. Importantly, as to the interaction between sophoridine and DNA in solution, characteristic parameters such as the binding stoichiometry and association equilibrium constant according to the Hill model for cooperative binding have been determined.
Can Procalcitonin in Cerebrospinal Fluid be a Diagnostic Tool for Meningitis?
Authors: Konstantinidis Theocharis , Cassimos Dimitrios , Gioka Theodora , Tsigalou Christina , Parasidis Theodoros , Alexandropoulou Ioanna , Nikolaidis Christos , Kampouromiti Georgia , Constantinidis Theodoros , Chatzimichael Athanasios , Panopoulou Maria 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundTo study the levels of procalcitonin (PCT) in patients with meningitis and control group and compare them with established markers of infection—such as C‐reactive protein (CRP), high‐sensitivity CRP, and WBC—in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and assess the possible discriminative role of PCT in the differential diagnosis of meningitis from other noninfectious diseases.MethodsWe studied CSF samples of patients from Intensive Care Unit, Internal Medicine, Neurology, Hematology, and Pediatric departments. The total number of patients included in the study was 58. The samples were divided into three groups: group 1 with bacterial meningitis (BM) central nervous system (n = 19); group 2 with viral meningitis (VM, n = 11); and group 3, control group, with noninfectious diseases (n = 28).ResultsValues of PCT levels >0.5 ng/ml were considered as abnormal. In group 1, mean PCT levels were 4.714 ± 1.59 ng/ml. In group 2, all patients had PCT <0.5 ng/ml (0.1327 ± 0.03 ng/ml). In group 3, the mean PCT levels were <0.1 ng/ml.ConclusionPCT values in CSF can be very helpful in distinguishing BM from VM and other noninfectious diseases.
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell ABCA1 Transcripts and Protein Expression in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Shalia Kavita , Saranath Dhananjaya , Shah Vinod K. 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundATP binding cassette transporter‐A1 (ABCA1) facilitates the formation of high density lipoprotein (HDL). HDL due to its anti‐atherosclerotic, anti‐inflammatory and anti‐thrombotic activities provides protection against atherothrombosis or myocardial infarction (MI). The aim was to investigate the role of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMNC) ABCA1 expression in MI.MethodsThe participants comprised 29 males with acute MI (AMI) and 20 healthy controls. AMI patients were normotensive, not on statins, with triglycerides < 200mg/dl and categorized into AMI with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) (N = 12) and without T2DM (N = 17). The PBMNC ABCA1 mRNA transcripts were analysed by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR) and protein by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsPBMNC ABCA1 mRNA transcript and protein levels were not significantly different in AMI patients or when sub‐grouped into with/without T2DM, as compared to controls. ABCA1 protein correlated positively with HDL‐cholesterol (r = 0.655, p = 0.021) in AMI patients with T2DM and negatively with age (r = – 0.525, p = 0.031) in AMI patients without T2DM and it was more strongly associated in latter group with smoking and alcohol habit.ConclusionIn the present study, the effects of metabolites of diabetes and ischemia were observed on PBMNC ABCA1 protein and thus on HDL‐C in AMI patients. Further influence of risk factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption observed in the present study can be evaluated in larger sample size. The control of these cardiovascular associated risk factors may increase stability of PBMNC ABCA1 protein and thus HDL‐C levels.
Digital subtraction MR angiography roadmapping for magnetic steerable catheter tracking
Authors: Martin Alastair J. , Lillaney Prasheel , Saeed Maythem , Losey Aaron D. , Settecase Fabio , Evans Lee , Arenson Ronald L. , Wilson Mark W. , Hetts Steven W. 
Published: May 2014

PurposeTo develop a high temporal resolution MR imaging technique that could be used with magnetically assisted remote control (MARC) endovascular catheters.Materials and MethodsA technique is proposed based on selective intra‐arterial injections of dilute MR contrast at the beginning of a fluoroscopic MR angiography acquisition. The initial bolus of contrast is used to establish a vascular roadmap upon which MARC catheters can be tracked. The contrast to noise ratio (CNR) of the achieved roadmap was assessed in phantoms and in a swine animal model. The ability of the technique to permit navigation of activated MARC catheters through arterial branch points was evaluated.ResultsThe roadmapping mode proved effective in phantoms for tracking objects and achieved a CNR of 35.7 between the intra‐ and extra‐vascular space. In vivo, the intra‐arterial enhancement strategy produced roadmaps with a CNR of 42.0. The artifact produced by MARC catheter activation provided signal enhancement patterns on the roadmap that experienced interventionalists could track through vascular structures.ConclusionA roadmapping approach with intra‐arterial contrast‐enhanced MR angiography is introduced for navigating the MARC catheter. The technique mitigates the artifact produced by the MARC catheter, greatly limits the required specific absorption rate, permits regular roadmap updates due to the low contrast agent requirements, and proved effective in the in vivo setting. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:1157–1162. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Imaging of brain tumors with paramagnetic vesicles targeted to phosphatidylserine
Authors: Winter Patrick M. , Pearce John , Chu Zhengtao , McPherson Christopher M. , Takigiku Ray , Lee Jing‐Huei , Qi Xiaoyang 
Published: May 2014

PurposeTo investigate paramagnetic saposin C and dioleylphosphatidylserine (SapC‐DOPS) vesicles as a targeted contrast agent for imaging phosphatidylserine (PS) expressed by glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumors.Materials and MethodsGd‐DTPA‐BSA/SapC‐DOPS vesicles were formulated, and the vesicle diameter and relaxivity were measured. Targeting of Gd‐DTPA‐BSA/SapC‐DOPS vesicles to tumor cells in vitro and in vivo was compared with nontargeted paramagnetic vesicles (lacking SapC). Mice with GBM brain tumors were imaged at 3, 10, 20, and 24 h postinjection to measure the relaxation rate (R1) in the tumor and the normal brain.ResultsThe mean diameter of vesicles was 175 nm, and the relaxivity at 7 Tesla was 3.32 (s*mM)−1 relative to the gadolinium concentration. Gd‐DTPA‐BSA/SapC‐DOPS vesicles targeted cultured cancer cells, leading to an increased R1 and gadolinium level in the cells. In vivo, Gd‐DTPA‐BSA/SapC‐DOPS vesicles produced a 9% increase in the R1 of GBM brain tumors in mice 10 h postinjection, but only minimal changes (1.2% increase) in the normal brain. Nontargeted paramagnetic vesicles yielded minimal change in the tumor R1 at 10 h postinjection (1.3%).ConclusionThese experiments demonstrate that Gd‐DTPA‐BSA/SapC‐DOPS vesicles can selectively target implanted brain tumors in vivo, providing noninvasive mapping of the cancer biomarker PS. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:1079–1087. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sexual Violence Therapy Group in a Women's Correctional Facility: A Preliminary Evaluation
Authors: Karlsson Marie E. , Bridges Ana J. , Bell Jessica , Petretic Patricia 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis pilot study was an evaluation of an 8‐week exposure‐based therapy group targeting sexual trauma in incarcerated women, an underserved population with high rates of trauma exposure. Preliminary findings from 14 female prisoners showed significant decreases in depressive and anxiety symptoms from pre‐ to posttreatment. Of the women who were above the screening cutoff for possible posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; n = 13), depression (n = 12), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD; n = 12) at pretreatment, approximately 60% had recovered, meaning they had symptom reductions that placed them below the cutoff at posttreatment (n = 8 for PTSD; n = 8 for depression, and n = 9 for GAD). In addition, 85% of participants reported a clinically significant reduction in depressive symptoms and 50% in GAD symptoms. The findings show promise for successful group treatment of sexual violence sequelae in incarcerated women.
Efficacy and safety of hexaminolevulinate photodynamic therapy in patients with low‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Hillemanns Peter , Petry Karl‐Ulrich , Soergel Philipp , Collinet Pierre , Ardaens Katty , Gallwas Julia , Luyten Alexander , Dannecker Christian 
Published: May 2014

ObjectiveNon‐surgical therapies are needed to reduce the rate of progression of low‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 1) to high grade CIN (CIN 2/3). The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of hexaminolevulinate (HAL) photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the treatment of patients with CIN 1.Study DesignThis phase IIa prospective double‐blind study randomized patients with CIN 1 into three groups: HAL vaginal suppository, placebo vaginal suppository or follow‐up only. Patients in the first two groups received HAL or placebo suppositories 5 hours before illumination with 50 J/cm2 red coherent light (633 nm) using a special light catheter. All patients had a follow up including colposcopy, cytology and human papilloma virus (HPV) testing 3 and 6 months and additional biopsy 6 months after PDT. The main outcome measure was efficacy, defined as complete histologic remission 6 months after PDT. Secondary outcomes were histologic remission 3 months and HPV eradication 6 months after first PDT.ResultsSeventy patients were randomized: 47 to HAL, 12 to placebo, 11 to follow up only. After 6 months CIN lesions had cleared in 57% of patients in the HAL‐PDT group compared to 25% in the combined control group (per protocol population, P = 0.04). Twenty‐six patients (37%) reported 44 adverse events (AEs), of which 40 were mild or moderate. Nineteen treatment‐related AEs were reported by 15 patients (32%) in the HAL PDT group, one in the placebo PDT group (8%), and none in the follow‐up group. The most common adverse events were local discomfort including mild pain/cramping (11) and leucorrhoea (2).ConclusionHAL PDT shows a favorable efficacy and safety profile and represents a promising alternative to observation and surgical procedures in patients with CIN 1. Lasers Surg. Med. 46:456–461, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mythos Stradivari
Authors: Mathelitsch Leopold , Verovnik Ivo 
Published: May 2014

AbstractGeigen bestehen im Wesentlichen aus einem Körper und einem Hals mit Griffbrett. Die Schwingungen ihrer vier Saiten werden von einem Steg auf den Körper übertragen. Dessen Eigenresonanzen sind auf die Saitenschwingungen abgestimmt, um sie akustisch effektiv zu verstärken. Analysen zeigen, dass der mythenumrankte Klang der alten Cremoneser Instrumente schlicht auf guter Handwerkskunst basiert. Heute kann man vergleichbar gute Instrumente bauen.
Zentrifugalkraft bremst Moleküle
Authors: Gantner Thomas , Chervenkov Sotir 
Published: May 2014

AbstractDie Zentrifugal‐ oder Fliehkraft wird normalerweise mit Beschleunigung in Verbindung gebracht. Unsere Gruppe am Max‐Planck‐Institut für Quantenoptik hat kürzlich gezeigt, dass bei richtiger Dosierung dieselbe Kraft auch zum Abbremsen von Molekülen verwendet werden kann.
Grünalgen wackeln sich in den Takt
Authors: Friedrich Benjamin , Geyer Veikko 
Published: May 2014

AbstractDer Erfinder des Mikroskops, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, staunte schon im 17. Jahrhundert über die Vielfalt von Lebensformen, die in einem Wassertropfen wimmeln. Viele dieser Mikroschwimmer nutzen zur Fortbewegung schlagende Geißeln. Die Grünalge Chlamydomonas schwimmt beispielsweise wie ein Brustschwimmer mit zwei Geißelarmen, die genau im Takt schlagen müssen. Unser aus Physikern und Biologen bestehendes Team konnte zeigen, wie dies den Zellen gelingt: Geraten die Geißeln einmal außer Takt, dann wackelt die Zelle und synchronisiert die beiden Geißeln wieder durch mechanische Kräfte – ohne Sensoren oder chemische Signale.
Higgs mass in noncommutative geometry
Authors: Devastato A. , Lizzi F. , Martinetti P. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn the noncommutative geometry approach to the standard model, an extra scalar field σ – initially suggested by particle physicist to stabilize the electroweak vacuum – makes the computation of the Higgs mass compatible with the 126 GeV experimental value. We give a brief account on how to generate this field from the Majorana mass of the neutrino, following the principles of noncommutative geometry.
Systemic Anticancer Neural Stem Cells in Combination with a Cardiac Glycoside for Glioblastoma Therapy
Authors: Teng Jian , Hejazi Seyedali , Badr Christian E. , Tannous Bakhos A. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The tumor-tropic properties of neural stem cells (NSCs) have been shown to serve as a novel strategy to deliver therapeutic genes to tumors. Recently, we have reported that the cardiac glycoside lanatoside C (Lan C) sensitizes glioma cells to the anticancer agent tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Here, we engineered an FDA-approved human NSC line to synthesize and secrete TRAIL and the Gaussia luciferase (Gluc) blood reporter. We showed that upon systemic injection, these cells selectively migrate toward tumors in the mice brain across the blood-brain barrier, target invasive glioma stem-like cells, and induce tumor regression when combined with Lan C. Gluc blood assay revealed that 30% of NSCs survived 1 day postsystemic injection and around 0.5% of these cells remained viable after 5 weeks in glioma-bearing mice. This study demonstrates the potential of systemic injection of NSCs to deliver anticancer agents, such as TRAIL, which yields glioma regression when combined with Lan C. Stem Cells 2014;32:2021–2032