bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kahoot berbasis Game Based Learning terhadap Hasil Pembelajaran Sekolah Dasar dengan Model Addie
Authors: Permana Rizqi Agung , Husein Hisyam , Sahara Sucitra 
Published: August 2024

Perkenalan gadget terlalu dini tanpa pengawasan dan bimbingan memberikan dampak tidak baik pada anak, Banyak anak yang sudah jenuh untuk mengikuti pembelajaran. Tujuan untuk memperlihatkan bahwa gamebased learning bisa memberikan manfaat yang baik, bagi tumbuh kembang kreatifitas dan pengetahuan anak, mengurangi kecanduan sehingga anak menjadi jenuh dalam belajar, pengenalan media pembelajaran yang mudah, dan menyenangkan bagi anak. Model ADDIE mengembangkan model analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Pemilihan model pengembangan ADDIE sebagai acuan adalah model pengembangan dirancang untuk analisis kebutuhan. Game based learning cukup berperan dalam edukasi anak, banyak juga orang tua yang mendukung adanya sistem game untuk edukasi ini, untuk merubah mindset atau kebiasaan anak mereka yang bermain gadget agar lebih bermanfaat. Dunia teknologi bermanfaat bagi kehidupan, namun jika berlebihan dapat menimbulkan efek negatif. Maka dari itu agar tidak terjadi hal yang menimbulkan berlebihan bagi semua orang baik anak anak, orang dewasa atau manula lebih baiknya perbanyak edukasi dan wawasan tentang perkembangan teknologi.

Introducing gadgets too early without supervision and guidance has a bad impact on children. Many children are bored with learning. The aim is to show that game based learning can provide good benefits, for the growth and development of children's creativity and knowledge, reducing addiction so that children become bored with learning, introducing learning media that is easy, and fun for children. The ADDIE model develops analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation models. The choice of the ADDIE development model as a reference is a development model designed for needs analysis. Game based learning plays quite a role in children's education, many parents also support the existence of a game system for this education, to change the mindset or habits of their children who play gadgets so that they are more useful. The world of technology is beneficial for life, but if it is excessive it can have negative effects. Therefore, so that nothing happens that causes excess for everyone, whether children, adults or the elderly, it is better to increase education and insight into technological developments.
(Éco)tourisme en Haïti : le cas
du mégaprojet Destination Île à Vache
Authors: Osna Walner 
Published: August 2024

Cet article analyse le mégaprojet touristique « Destination Île à
Vache » qui se prétend (éco)touristique. Nous soutenons que la mise en œuvre à
Île à Vache (Haïti) de ce mégaprojet est plutôt contradictoire aux fondements
théoriques de l’écotourisme et s’inscrit dans une dynamique de dépossession et
d’accaparement de terres. À partir d’une enquête de terrain qualitative menée à
l’Île à Vache entre décembre 2019 et janvier 2020, notre argumentation confronte
trois grandes caractéristiques de l’écotourisme avec l’exécution du projet.
D’abord, les résultats de cette recherche montrent que la population locale est
exclue du projet. Ensuite, les conséquences socio-environnementales du projet
sont contraires à son fondement (éco)touristique, car son exécution représentait
plutôt une menace pour l’environnement. Finalement, nous avons découvert qu’il a
fragilisé les conditions socioéconomiques des paysan·nes sur l’île au lieu
d’apporter des améliorations. Nous concluons donc que Destination Île à Vache en tant que mégaprojet touristique
illustre la thèse selon laquelle les mégaprojets provoquent dépossession,
déplacement et appauvrissement des populations concernées.
Le rôle des organismes transnationaux
dans la transformation de la ville. Marseille, d’une ville industrielle à la métropole
créative
Authors: Martin-Colonna Cyril , Kadri Boualem 
Published: August 2024

La crise industrielle occidentale des années 1970-1980 a induit
la remise en question du modèle économique de développement urbain. Ce dernier
sera alors conçu à travers la culture, les arts, le tourisme et l’événementiel.
Le concept de « ville créative », connu d’abord en Amérique du Nord, est repris
par l’Union européenne. Cette organisation transnationale a proposé aux villes,
dès 1985, un programme nommé « Capitales européennes de la culture », dans le
but de redynamiser l’espace urbain par le modèle de la ville créative. Au-delà
du programme culturel, être Capitale européenne de la culture est synonyme de
transformations urbaine, économique et sociale. Quel rôle exerce alors l’acteur
transnational dans le développement de la ville européenne et le gouvernement
local ? Comment les acteurs du développement urbain s’adaptent-ils à ce rôle
d’influence ? L’observation sera effectuée à partir du cas de Marseille, une
ville industrielle en transition vers le modèle de métropole culturelle, et
l’analyse s’appuiera sur la théorie sociologique néo-institutionnelle.
Le groundhopping, une nouvelle forme de tourisme sportif. Une analyse à
partir du cas français
Authors: Rodrigues de Melo Natália , Roux Jean-Michel , Mao Pascal , Bouhaouala Malek 
Published: August 2024

Le groundhopping est une pratique qui
consiste à regarder des matchs de football dans autant de stades ou terrains que
possible. Il s’est répandu depuis les îles britanniques vers l’Europe
continentale après la Coupe du monde de 1990, mais ne se développe en France que
depuis les années 2010. Les groundhoppers cherchent à
découvrir et à collectionner des ambiances de stades et à vivre des expériences
« hors des sentiers battus ». Une enquête a été menée en 2018 et 2019 auprès des
groundhoppers français à travers leurs blogs, en
faisant l’hypothèse que le groundhopping témoignerait
d’une nouvelle forme de tourisme d’événement sportif à la croisée du tourisme et
du supporterisme.
Apports de la Space
Syntax à l’identification des parcours touristiques historiques.
Authors: Bakiri Rym , Debache-Benzagouta Samira 
Published: August 2024

Constantine est une ville de l’Est algérien, vieille de plus de
trois mille ans. Elle regorge d’atouts touristiques qui ont fait sa notoriété et
sa distinction depuis plusieurs civilisations déjà. Sa vieille ville est un
point d’attraction touristique des plus prégnants. Visiter ses rues permet de
naviguer à travers l’histoire, la culture et les arts d’une cité plusieurs fois
millénaire. Le présent article analyse les parcours touristiques anciens à
Constantine suivant deux méthodes : quantitative, en ayant recours à la space syntax ; et qualitative, à travers la recherche
historique et l’observation. Cela aide à comprendre la logique de déplacement
des touristes à l’intérieur du tissu ancien et à déceler, dans la configuration
actuelle, les chemins les plus fréquentés ainsi que les parcours les plus
anciens et les mieux nantis en monuments et lieux historiques. L’étude a révélé
que, contrairement à ce que la configuration spatiale actuelle fait penser, les
parcours précoloniaux sont les plus intéressants à visiter du fait qu’ils sont
les mieux pourvus en monuments et lieux historiques.
Les visées expressives des parents choisissant une scolarité alternative pour leurs enfants
Authors: Proboeuf Pauline , Legavre Amélia 
Published: August 2024

Les parents optant pour des scolarités alternatives (écoles aux pédagogies alternatives et instruction en famille) mettent en avant des visées « expressives », ciblant une prise en compte par les adultes de ce qu’exprime l’enfant dans le cadre de son éducation (besoins, intérêts, gouts, etc.). Toutefois, ces parents témoignent d’attentes pouvant varier. Cet article s’attache à définir et à détailler les différents types de visées qui peuvent se situer derrière une même attention portée aux expressions de l’enfant. À partir de l’analyse d’un corpus de 95 entretiens avec des parents ayant choisi une scolarité alternative et de l’observation d’évènements dédiés à ce type de scolarités, nous avons pu distinguer trois variations de visées expressives : les visées d’émancipation, les visées de protection et les visées de distinction.
Inter-subspecies diversity of maize to drought stress with physio-biochemical, enzymatic and molecular responses
Authors: Eskikoy Gokhan , Kutlu Imren 
Published: August 2024

Background
Drought is the most significant factor limiting maize production, given that maize is a crop with a high water demand. Therefore, studies investigating the mechanisms underlying the drought tolerance of maize are of great importance. There are no studies comparing drought tolerance among economically important subspecies of maize. This study aimed to reveal the differences between the physio-biochemical, enzymatic, and molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance in dent (Zea mays indentata), popcorn (Zea mays everta), and sugar (Zea mays saccharata) maize under control (no-stress), moderate, and severe drought stress.

Methods
Three distinct irrigation regimes were employed to assess the impact of varying levels of drought stress on maize plants at the V14 growth stage. These included normal irrigation (80% field capacity), moderate drought (50% field capacity), and severe drought (30% field capacity). All plants were grown under controlled conditions. The following parameters were analyzed: leaf relative water content (RWC), loss of turgidity (LOT), proline (PRO) and soluble protein (SPR) contents, membrane durability index (MDI), malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT). Additionally, the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) was examined at the transcriptional and translational levels.

Results
The effects of severe drought were more pronounced in sugar maize, which had a relatively high loss of RWC and turgor, membrane damage, enzyme activities, and HSP90 gene expression. Dent maize, which is capable of maintaining its RWC and turgor in both moderate and severe droughts, and employs its defense mechanism effectively by maintaining antioxidant enzyme activities at a certain level despite less MDA and H2O2 accumulation, exhibited relatively high drought tolerance. Despite the high levels of MDA and H2O2 in popcorn maize, the up-regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities and HSP70 gene and protein expression indicated that the drought coping mechanism is activated. In particular, the positive correlation of HSP70 with PRO and HSP90 with enzyme activities is a significant result for studies examining the relationships between HSPs and other stress response systems. The discrepancies between the transcriptional and translational findings provide an opportunity for more comprehensive investigations into the role of HSPs in stress conditions.
Effect of Water Conservation Technologies on Water use Efficiency of Pearl Millet Green Gram Intercropping System in Semi-Arid Kenya
Authors: Stephen Karanja K. , Josiah Kinama M. , Juliana Cheboi J. 
Published: August 2024

The insufficient and inadequate soil moisture content in Kenyan’s arid areas has steadily reduced crop production. A field experiment was conducted during 2022/2023 short rain season to evaluate the effect of water conservation technologies and cropping systems on soil moisture dynamics and water use efficiency of selected pearl millet and green gram varieties planted in sole and intercrop system in Kambi-Mawe and Katumani research stations. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design with individual treatments arranged in a randomized complete block design, replicated three times. The main plots comprised of water conservation technologies (ngolo pits, contour furrows) taking conventional tillage as a control. The cropping system included sole cropping of pearl millet (PMI, PM3), sole green gram varieties (N26 and Biashara) and their intercrops. Soil samples were collected at the depth of 0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm at 30 days, 45 days and 60 days after crop emergence and transported to laboratory for fresh weight determination. They were oven-dried at 105oC for 48 hours and the dry weight recorded. Water use efficiency (WUE) was calculated using seasonal crop evapotranspiration (ET) and crop yield. Collected data was analysed using GenStat statistical software 15th edition while mean separation was done using Tukey HSD at p ≤ 0.05 significance level. Results illustrated that water conservation technologies and cropping system significantly increased the soil moisture content recorded at different sampling times. Generally, significantly higher soil moisture was recorded in ngolo pits, followed by contour furrows, while conventional tillage recorded relatively lower soil moisture. Plots under intercropping systems recorded lower soil moisture compared to those under sole cropping irrespective of the crops. Higher WUE values were recorded in ngolo pits, and conventional tillage recorded the lowest values.
Deep slab dehydration and large‐scale upwelling flow in the upper mantle beneath the Japan Sea
Authors: Nakahigashi Kazuo , Shinohara Masanao , Yamada Tomoaki , Uehira Kenji , Sakai Shinichi , Mochizuki Kimihiro , Shiobara Hajime , Kanazawa Toshihiko 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe present a three‐dimensional P and S wave tomography model beneath the central Japan Sea using arrival time data obtained by long‐term ocean bottom seismometer observations. The tomographic model is determined down to over 300 km. The resulting tomographic image has two features in the mantle wedge. First, a remarkable low‐velocity region is spread within the shallow part of the mantle wedge beneath the Japan arc with a slight extension beneath the Japan Sea. Second, an inclined low‐velocity anomaly exists in the deeper part beneath the Japan Sea and converges to the slab at ~300 km depth. Moreover, its anomaly amplitude is distinctly small compared to the shallow part of the low‐velocity region. These low‐velocity anomalies are interpreted to represent fluids that were dehydrated from the Pacific and Philippine Sea slabs and melt production affected by the fluid. Our observations suggest that the deep dehydration from the Pacific slab is found at a depth of approximately 300 km and large‐scale upwelling flow mechanically induced by plate subduction exists beneath the Japan Sea. Our results indicate the importance of the deep heterogeneous mantle wedge structure beneath the Japan Sea with regards to better understanding the magmatism of the subduction dynamics in Japan and the evolution of the opening of the Japan Sea.
Space‐time ambiguity functions for electronically scanned ISR applications
Authors: Swoboda John , Semeter Joshua , Erickson Philip 
Published: April 2015

AbstractElectronically steerable array (ESA) technology has recently been applied to incoherent scatter radar (ISR) systems. These arrays allow for pulse‐to‐pulse steering of the antenna beam to collect data in a three‐dimensional region. This is in direct contrast to dish‐based antennas, where ISR acquisition is limited at any one time to observations in a two‐dimensional slice. This new paradigm allows for more flexibility in the measurement of ionospheric plasma parameters. Multiple ESA‐based ISR systems operate currently in the high‐latitude region where the ionosphere is highly variable in both space and time. Because of the highly dynamic nature of the ionosphere in this region, it is important to differentiate between measurement‐induced artifacts and the true behavior of the plasma. Often, three‐dimensional ISR data produced by ESA systems are fitted in a spherical coordinate space and then the parameters are interpolated to a Cartesian grid, potentially introducing error and impacting the reconstructions of the plasma parameters. To take advantage of the new flexibility inherent in ESA systems, we present a new way of analyzing ISR observations through use of the space‐time ambiguity function. The use of this new measurement ambiguity function allows us to pose the ISR observational problem in terms of a linear inverse problem whose goal is the estimate of the time domain lags of the intrinsic plasma autocorrelation function used for parameter fitting. The framework allows us to explore the impact of nonuniformity in plasma parameters in both time and space. We discuss examples of possible artifacts in high‐latitude situations and discuss possible ways of reducing them and improving the quality of data products from electronically steerable ISRs.
Metabolic balance in the mixed layer of the oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean from diel changes in O2/Ar saturation ratios
Authors: Ferrón Sara , Wilson Samuel T. , Martínez‐García Sandra , Quay Paul D. , Karl David M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn situ measurements were made to determine oxygen (O2) metabolic balance in the upper oligotrophic ocean from diel changes in O2 to argon (Ar) ratios. The study took place during 13–24 March 2014, at the Hawaii Ocean Time‐series Station ALOHA (A Long‐term Oligotrophic Habitat Assessment), in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. Microbial community respiration and gross O2 production, estimated from in situ diel changes in O2/Ar saturation, agreed well with those calculated using other independent methods. Net oxygen production (NOP), estimated from in situ diel changes in O2/Ar saturation, showed large day‐to‐day variability. However, when averaged over the entire observational period, mean diel NOP was in relatively good agreement with the estimated mean steady state NOP (9.2 ± 9.3 mmol O2 m−2 d−1 compared to 11.7 ± 1.1 mmol O2 m−2 d−1, respectively).
Diurnal variation of the potassium layer in the upper atmosphere
Authors: Feng W. , Höffner J. , Marsh D. R. , Chipperfield M. P. , Dawkins E. C. M. , Viehl T. P. , Plane J. M. C. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractMeasurements of the diurnal cycle of potassium (K) atoms between 80 and 110 km have been made during October (for the years 2004–2011) using a Doppler lidar at Kühlungsborn, Germany (54.1°N, 11.7°E). A pronounced diurnal variation is observed in the K number density, which is explored by using a detailed description of the neutral and ionized chemistry of K in a three‐dimensional chemistry climate model. The model captures both the amplitude and phase of the diurnal and semidiurnal variability of the layer, although the peak diurnal amplitude around 90 km is overestimated. The model shows that the total potassium density (≈ K + K+ + KHCO3) exhibits little diurnal variation at each altitude, and the diurnal variations are largely driven by photochemical conversion between these reservoir species. In contrast, tidally driven vertical transport has a small effect at this midlatitude location, and diurnal fluctuations in temperature are of little significance because they are small and the chemistry of K is relatively temperature independent.
Resonance structure and mode transition of quarter‐wave ULF pulsations around the dawn terminator
Authors: Obana Yuki , Waters Colin L. , Sciffer Murray D. , Menk Frederick W. , Lysak Robert L. , Shiokawa Kazuo , Hurst Anthony W. , Petersen Tanja 
Published: April 2015

AbstractQuarter‐wave modes are standing shear Alfvén waves supported along geomagnetic field lines in space. They are predicted to be generated when the ionosphere has very different conductance between the north compared with the south ionosphere. Our previous observation reported that the resonant frequency is sometimes very low around the dawn terminator and suggested these were due to quarter‐wave modes. In this paper, we examine the resonance structure that provides further evidence of the presence of quarter‐wave modes. Data from three magnetometers in New Zealand were analyzed. Four events are discussed which show extraordinarily low eigenfrequencies, wide resonance widths, and strong damping when the ionosphere above New Zealand was in darkness while the conjugate northern hemisphere ionosphere was sunlit. Later in the morning, the eigenfrequencies and resonance widths changed to normal daytime values. The wide resonance width and the strong damping of the quarter‐wave modes arise from strong energy dissipation in the dark side ionosphere. One event exhibited field line resonance structure continuously through a transition from very low frequency to the normal daytime values. The frequency change began when the dawn terminator passed over New Zealand and finished 1 h later when the ratio of the interhemispheric ionospheric conductances decreased and reached ~5. These observations are strong evidence of the presence of quarter‐wave modes and mode conversion from quarter‐ to half‐wave resonances. These experimental results were compared with the ULF wave fields obtained from a 2.5‐dimensional simulation model.
Possibilities of Coil Springs and Fiber‐Reinforced Suspension Parts
Authors: Neubrand Joerg 
Published: April 2015

AbstractHelical compression springs (coil springs) have represented the best spring design for the vertical dynamics of passenger cars. They took over suspension functions and because of their advantages regarding weight and installation space they replaced leaf springs almost completely.This chapter contents a summary of conventional analytical as well as numerical methods of spring calculation. The numerical spring calculation and its usage for a new spring design with a homogenized stress distribution are shown. This new generation spring design is explained for the application on side load springs used inMcPhersonstruts and rear axle spring where the spring seats deflect along a spatial curve. The new generation spring design offers a significant weight reduction combined with an increased robustness.The robustness of springs can be further increased using a method for improving the mechanical properties of the rim of the wire. The surface layer modification is using an inductive hardening and tempering process of the spring wire, which allows a hard core and a tough rim. Moreover, measures to improve the properties by alloying are described.Finally, this chapter contents the application of fiber composite materials for springs. While leaf spring is an optimal application for unidirectional glass fibers, suspension springs such as coil spring are not that much optimal because of complex stress situation and difficult geometry, which does not allow efficient and automated production methods.
Automotive Torque Converters
Authors: Maddock Donald 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis chapter examines the automotive torque converter, the turbomachine utilized to transmit power from the engine to the gear system in the preponderance of planetary automatic transmissions. After a brief discussion of the history and attributes of the device, the typical mechanical and hydraulic configuration is described and the customary nomenclature established. One‐dimensional equations relating the converter's internal geometry, the rotating speed of its components, and the torques thus generated are presented, and methodologies for empirically assessing a unit's behaviour are documented. Graphical procedures for analyzing the converter's interaction with the engine and the resulting vehicle performance implications are detailed and techniques for altering the converter's design to optimize vehicle performance parameters are explained using one‐dimensional energy loss models. Finally, pressure vessel structural issues and energy saving clutching devices are discussed.