bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Efficacy of Various Treatment Regimens for Androgenetic Alopecia in Men
Authors: Khandpur Sujay , Suman Mansi , Reddy Belum Sivanagi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractOur understanding of the aetiology of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) has substantially increased in recent years. As a result, several treatment modalities have been tried with promising results especially in early stages of AGA. However, as far as has been ascertained, there is no comprehensive study comparing the efficacy of these agents alone and in combination with each other. One hundered male patients with AGA of Hamilton grades II to IV were enrolled in an open, randomized, parallel‐group study, designed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of oral finasteride (1 mg per day), topical 2% minoxidil solution and topical 2% ketoconazole shampoo alone and in combination. They were randomized into four groups. Group I (30 patients) was administered oral finasteride, Group II (36 patients) was given a combination of finasteride and topical minoxidil, Group III (24 patients) applied minoxidil alone and Group IV (10 patients) was administered finasteride with topical ketoconazole. Treatment efficacy was assessed on the basis of patient and physician assessment scores and global photographic review during the study period of one year. At the end of one year, hair growth was observed in all the groups with best results recorded with a combination of finasteride and minoxidil (Group II) followed by groups IV, I and III. Subjects receiving finasteride alone or in combination with minoxidil or ketoconazole showed statistically significant improvement (p<0.05) over minoxidil only recipients. No signifcant side‐effects related to the drugs were observed. In conclusion, it is inferred that the therapeutic efficacy is enhanced by combining the two drugs acting on different aetiological aspects of AGA.
KID Syndrome: Response to Acitretin
Authors: Sahoo Bijaylaxmi , Handa Sanjeev , Kaur Inderjeet , Radotra Bishan Das , Kumar Bhushan 
Published: July 2014

AbstractKID syndrome is rare. We report a 17‐year‐old girl who presented with universally ichthyotic red hue on the face, trunk, and extremities along with deafness and keratitis since childhood. She was diagnosed with KID syndrome. Treatment with acitretin cleared the hyperkeratotic ichthyotic lesions with little effect on the cornea or hearing. Acitretin seems to be a promising new treatment in KID syndrome.
Isolated Plantar Collagenoma: A Case Report
Authors: Altinyazar H. Cevdet , Kargi Eksal , Gün Banu Doğan , Koca Rafet , Tekin Nilgün Solak 
Published: July 2014

AbstractCollagenoma is a hamartomatous lesion consisting of proliferation of normal collagen tissue. We describe a 19‐year‐old girl with a firm, elastic 3 × 2 cm nodule located on her right plantar fossa. Histopathologically, dense, coarse, thick collagen fibers were located in the dermis. In addition, the number of elastic fibers was slightly decreased. Based on these findings, the case was diagnosed as isolated plantar collagenoma.
Two Brazilian Cases of IgA Pemphigus
Authors: de Oliveira Juliana Pedroso , Gabbi Tatiana Villas Boas , Hashimoto Takashi , Aoki Valéria , Santi Cláudia G. , Maruta Celina W. , Rivitti Evandro A. , Reis Vitor M.S. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIgA pemphigus is a rare, neutrophilic, acantholytic skin disorder with approximately 70 cases described in the literature. We report two patients with the subcorneal pustular dermatosis (SPD) type of IgA pemphigus. Initially, both patients were misdiagnosed as subcorneal pustular dermatosis of Sneddon and Wilkinson. The correct diagnosis was only made after detecting intercellular IgA depositions in the epidermis by direct immunofluorescence. Immunoblotting (IB) of normal human epidermal extracts, performed on both sera, was negative for Dsg 1, Dsg 3, BP 230, BP 180, 210 kDa envoplakin, and 190 kDa periplakin. ELISA for desmogleins (Dsg 1 and Dsg 3) showed that neither of the cases had IgA antibodies to Dsg. The c‐DNA transfection test for desmocollins (Dsc) revealed that the IgA antibodies of both patients reacted with desmocollin 1. This result supports the hypothesis that the autoantigen in SPD type IgA pemphigus is desmocollin 1.
Tinea Barbae (Tinea Sycosis): Experience with Nine Cases
Authors: Bonifaz Alexandro , Ramírez‐Tamayo Teresa , Saúl Amado 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTinea barbae is a rare dermatophytosis that affects the hair and hair follicles of the beard and mustache. This paper presents 9 cases of tinea barbae observed over an 18‐year period of time and classified as follows: 1 was superficial and 8 were deep (6 folliculitis‐like and 2 kerion‐like). Most of the cases (4) were associated with topical steroid therapy, others with pet contact (3 cases) and one with diabetes. The causal agents isolated were: Trichophyton rubrum in 3; Microsporum canis in 3; Trichophyton mentagrophytes in 2; and Trichophyton tonsurans in one. The involvement of the hair was observed and classified in all cases. The trichophytin skin reaction was positive in all 9 patients. All the patients were treated with systemic antimycotics, 3 cases with griseofulvin, 1 with ketoconazole, 3 with itraconazole, and 2 with terbinafine. Clinical and mycologic cures were achieved at 6 to 8 weeks of treatment at the usual doses.
Non‐Melanoma Skin Cancers between the Years of 1990 and 1999 in Izmir, Turkey: Demographic and Clinicopathological Characteristics
Authors: Ceylan Can , Oztürk Günseli , Alper Sibel 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) has been rapidly increasing in epidemic proportions all over the world. The purpose was to evaluate the demographic and clinico‐pathological patterns of skin cancers in Izmir, a region with high ultraviolet light exposure. The study was retrospective and hospital‐based. The data related to all NMSC patients registered from January 1, 1990, to December 31, 1999, in the Dermatology Department of Ege University Medical School in Izmir, were collected and analyzed according to the personal statistics, anatomic location, dimensions of the lesion and clinical and histopathological type of skin cancer. A total number of 2,879 patients, aged between 20 and 96 years, were included in the study; among them 1,633 were men and 1,246 were women. The mean age of the patient population was 62.81 years, with a standard deviation of 12.50 years. Among the tumour patients, there were 2,062 basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), 746 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and 71 both BCC and SCC; the total number of lesions was 3,186 (2,339 BCCs, 847 SCCs). Of all the NMSC lesions studied, the highest percentage (46.6%) were located on the face. For the BCCs, the most frequent histopathological subtype was the solid pattern (50.74%). The mean male: female ratios for SCC and BCC lesions were 2.86 and 1.01, respectively. Nodular and ulcerative forms (69.8%) were the most commonly found clinical types. Of all NMSCs, 78.4% had diameters in the 11 to 20 mm. BCC is the most common type of skin cancer diagnosed in our region. Among the NMSC patients, farming was the most widespread and risky job. The majority of SCC tumors were observed mostly in men 60 years old or above. This is the first comprehensive description of NMSCs in our region.
Coexistence of Riehl's Melanosis and Lichen Planus
Authors: Seike Masahiro , Hirose Yasuaki , Ikeda Mitsunori , Kodama Hajime 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA 61‐year‐old man presented with purple‐red papules and plaques. These lesions on the nape and dorsal aspects of both hands displayed the histological findings characteristic of lichen planus. Riehl's melanosis, which is synonymous with pigmented contact dermatitis, was present on the forehead and bald scalp. Riehl's melanosis typically appears on the face and is induced by cosmetics. Causative factors in this case, however, remained undefined. The coexistence of lichen planus and Riehl's melanosis at separate sites in a single patient suggests that the two diseases represent manifestations of specific immune responses characteristic of lichenoid tissue reaction and situate in the same spectrum. The differences in the skin manifestations of lichen planus and Riehl's melanosis might depend on the severity of immune responses against intrinsic or extrinsic antigens. In addition, the skin manifestations of lichenoid tissue reaction might depend on the disposition of the lesion sites.
PUVA‐Induced Lichen Planus
Authors: Nanda Soni , Grover Chander , Reddy Belum Siva Nagi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA 28‐year‐old male with histologically proven psoriasis vulgaris was administered oral 8‐methoxypsoralen UVA therapy (PUVA). The plaques of psoriasis gradually responded to treatment, however numerous pruritic, violaceous papules over the right forearm and left thigh developed 5 months after starting PUVA (45 sittings with a cumulative dose of 156 J/cm2). Histopathologic examination of these lesions was compatible with the diagnosis of lichen planus (LP). On stopping PUVA therapy, the lesions subsided in one month. This case emphasizes the hypothesis that cell injury caused by PUVA therapy could expose some sequestered antigens to autoreactive lymphocytes and induce lichen planus.
Effects of Recombinant Human Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases‐2 (rh‐TIMP‐2) on Migration of Epidermal Keratinocytes In vitro and Wound Healing In vivo
Authors: Terasaki Kenjiro , Kanzaki Tamotsu , Aoki Takanori , Iwata Kazushi , Saiki Ikuo 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP), common inhibitors of matrix proteinases, have cell‐promoting activity. We studied the effects of recombinant human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases‐2 (rh‐TIMP‐2) on the migration of normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK). An in vitro migration assay revealed that rh‐TIMP‐2 enhanced random migration (up to 170%, p<0.05) in a dose‐dependent manner. When we applied rh‐TIMP‐2 solution (20 μg/20 μl/wound) daily to full‐thickness wounds made with an 8‐mm punch on the backs of healthy (n=8), aged (n=9), and diabetic (n=15) rodents, we observed faster wound closure (p<0.05) than in vehicle‐treated controls. Accelerated wound closure was dose‐dependent (0–20 μg/wound) in diabetic mice (n=6), and the optimal concentration was 10–20 μg of rh‐TIMP‐2/wound. Histological examinations performed on days 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 in diabetic mice revealed faster migration of epidermal keratinocytes from wound edges. These results suggest that rh‐TIMP‐2 plays an important role in wound healing.
The Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase‐1 mRNA Induced by Ultraviolet A1 (340–400 nm) Is Phototherapy Relevant to the Glutathione (GSH) Content in Skin Fibroblasts of Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Yin Lei , Yamauchi Ritsuko , Tsuji Takuo , Krutmann Jean , Morita Akimichi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe excessive deposition of collagen in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is thought to be due to an abnormal function of fibroblasts, which may be the result of an immune dysregulation in skin. Ultraviolet A1 (UVA1) irradiation has been shown to be an effective therapy. This is thought to be due to its capacity to induce matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (MMP‐1) expression in human dermal fibroblasts. In the present in vitro study, the effect of UVA1 irradiation on MMP‐1 was studied using skin fibroblasts from healthy controls (n=5) and patients with systemic sclerosis (n=5). In vitro irradiation studies showed that gene expression for MMP‐1 after UVA1 irradiation (p<0.05) was induced in all the fibroblasts studied, but that the induction rate was greater in SSc fibroblasts than in normal ones (p<0.05). The glutathione (GSH) level was lower in SSc fibroblasts than in controls before UVA1 irradiation. However, after UVA1 irradiation, GSH levels were increased and equivalent between normal and SSc fibroblasts. These findings indicated that the relatively stronger increase in MMP‐1 expression in SSc fibroblasts was due to the lower antioxidant capacity. These data support the concept that clinical responses to UVA1 radiation are influenced by the antioxidative state of the patients' skin.
Gamma Interferon Gene Transfection Efficiently Inhibits Proliferation of Neurofibroma Cell Lines In vitro
Authors: Nakayama Juichiro , Tanaka Toshihiro , Arakawa Fumiko , Terao Hiroshi , Shimura Hideo , Ikeda Seiyo , Kuroki Masahide 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPrimarily isolated neurofibroma cell lines and a human dermal fibroblast cell line were transfected with human gamma interferon gene in vitro, and changes in the cell proliferation rates were investigated. The proliferation rates of both cell lines were remarkably suppressed after the gene transfection. In particular, the neurofibroma cell lines almost stopped proliferating five days after gene transfection. The tritium thymidine uptake of the fibroblast cell line was almost abolished three days after gene transfection. The culture media from both of the gene‐transfected cell lines contained a measurable gamma interferon concentration as late as five days after transfection, this was detected by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. These data suggest that gamma interferon gene therapy might be a possible treatment for intractable or inoperable neurofibromas in patients with von Recklinghausen's disease in the future.
Free Residual Chlorine in Bathing Water Reduces the Water‐Holding Capacity of the Stratum Corneum in Atopic Skin
Authors: Seki Taisuke , Morimatsu Susumu , Nagahori Hidefumi , Morohashi Masaaki 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSome patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) develop dry skin or exacerbated cutaneous inflammations with frequent swimming in public pools or after bathing. We examined the effects of residual chlorine in bathing water on the function of the stratum corneum (SC) in patients with AD and determined the lowest chlorine concentration showing an effect. In addition, we investigated the relationship between the free residual chlorine concentration in bathing water and the water‐holding capacity of the SC in patients with AD. Twenty patients with AD and 10 normal control (NC) subjects were included in this study. The hydration status of the SC on the flexor surface of the forearm was measured with a corneometer before and after the subject's arms were immersed in tubs filled with comfortably hot water (40°C) containing residual chlorine at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L for 10 minutes in a room maintained at normal temperature (24°C) and relative humidity (55%). The water‐holding capacity of the SC after immersion was calculated by integration of the hydration status determined every 30 seconds over a period of 10 minutes. In the patients with AD, the average SC hydration status after immersion in comfortably hot water containing residual chlorine at 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L was significantly lower than that following immersion in water containing a negligible concentration of residual chlorine (i.e., less than 0.03 mg/L)(p <0.05). In the NC subjects, significant differences were observed only between the 2.0 mg/L and the negligible residual chlorine groups (p <0.05). The water‐holding capacity of the SC was significantly decreased with a residual chlorine concentration of 0.5 mg/L or higher in the patients with AD (p <0.01). However, in the NC subjects, a significant decrease in water‐holding capacity was observed only at a residual chlorine concentration of 2 mg/L (p <0.01). These results indicate, first, that the water‐holding capacity of the SC in patients with AD is more sensitive to free residual chlorine exposure than that in NC subjects without AD. Second, these results suggest that free residual chlorine exposure in patients with AD may play a role in the development or exacerbation of AD.
Klippel‐Trenaunay Syndrome with a Life‐Threatening Thromboembolic Event
Authors: Aggarwal Kamal , Jain Vijay K. , Gupta Sanjeev , Aggarwal Hari K. , Sen Jyotsna , Goyal Vishal 
Published: July 2014

AbstractKlippel‐Trenaunay syndrome is a congenital disorder characterised by the triad of cutaneous vascular nevi, soft tissue or bony hypertrophy, and varicose veins or venous malformations involving one or more extremities. An incidence of venous thromboembolism of up to 22% has been reported in this disorder. Also reported but rare is the development of trophic changes. Herein, we report the case of a male with Klippel‐Trenaunay syndrome, deep vein thrombosis, venous ulceration, and death due to recurrent pulmonary embolism.
Pityriasis Rosea‐Like Eruption Due to Pneumococcal Vaccine in a Child with Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Sasmaz Sezai , Karabiber Hamza , Boran Cetin , Garipardic Mesut , Balat Ayse 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA pityriasis rosea‐like eruption can occur as a consequence of treatments with gold compounds and captopril. It has rarely been reported to have an association with vaccinations such as smallpox, BCG, hepatitis B, and diphtheria toxoid. It has not previously been documented to develop after pneumococcal vaccination. We report a case of pityriasis rosea‐like eruption that developed following pneumococcal vaccination in a child with nephrotic syndrome.
Long‐Term Continuous versus Intermittent Cyclosporin: Therapy for Psoriasis
Authors: Ohtsuki Mamitaro , Nakagawa Hidemi , Sugai Junichi , Ozawa Akira , Ohkido Muneo , Nakayama Juichiro , Hanada Jiro , Morimoto Yosuke , Jimbow Kowichi , Horikoshi Takashi , Kitahara Hiroto , Tamaki Kunihiko , Urabe Kazunori , Hori Yoshiaki 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA multicenter randomized controlled study was conducted to assess the long‐term efficacy and safety of cyclosporin A therapy for psoriasis using either a continuous or an intermittent regimen. Initially, both regimens consisted of 3–5 mg/kg/day administration of CyA. Once remission was obtained, CyA dose was maintained between 0.5 and 3 mg/kg/day under the continuous regimen, while under the intermittent regimen, CyA dose was tapered off and, when necessary, topical corticosteroids were used until relapse occurred. Thirty‐one patients were followed for at least 48 months (mean follow‐up period: 55.9 ± 4.6 months): 15 received continuous therapy, and 16 received intermittent therapy. With both regimens, the PASI (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index) score was maintained at 5–12 points throughout the follow‐up period. The score was decreased by more than 70% from baseline with both regimens: the responses between them were not significantly different. However, overall control of psoriasis, as assessed from the averaged PASI score, was better in the patients receiving continuous therapy. Although the overall frequency of adverse reactions was similar for the two regimens, cancer occurred in two patients on continuous therapy (gastric cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma in one patient each). We could not, however, definitely attribute the cancers in the two patients to continuous therapy itself. There was a significantly higher incidence of renal impairment in elderly patients receiving either regimen when compared with younger patients. In conclusion, CyA administered to psoriasis patients under both regimens exhibited long‐term efficacy and tolerability. Despite a lower overall efficacy, it seems proper to conclude that intermittent therapy is more useful than continuous therapy due to the occurrence of malignancies with continuous therapy. Further investigation is required to determine whether intermittent therapy is really safer than continuous therapy, and, if so, how it should be designed to minimize long‐term adverse reactions and achieve overall control comparable to that of continuous CyA therapy.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Children
Authors: Pandhi Deepika , Kumar Sanjeev , Reddy Belum Siva Nagi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSexually transmitted diseases (STDs) cause considerable morbidity among their victims. This is true even for children. Unfortunately, this aspect has not received due attention and remains a relatively ignored field. We carried out a study of the clinico‐epidemiological profile of STDs among the pediatric patients who attended the STD clinic of a tertiary care hospital. Pediatric patients who presented with STDs from January of 1995 to February of 2001 constituted the subject material of this study. A detailed clinical examination and relevant laboratory investigations were carried out in all patients. A total of 15,453 STD patients were seen during this period, out of which 127 were children, giving a prevalence of 0.82% pediatric STD cases. The peak incidence of STDs was seen in the age group of 10–14 years (66.1%). Most of them were illiterate (61.4%) and from low socio‐economic backgrounds (70.9%). Notably, 17.3% were from remand homes. The predominant STDs observed among these children were syphilis (25.2%), including six cases of congenital syphilis, vulvo‐vaginal candidiasis (11.8%), condyloma‐acuminata (14.2%), herpes progenitalis (8.7%) and traumatic lesions (7.9%). Histories or signs of abuse were present in 74% of the patients. Only two cases during the span of the study were HIV positive. Pediatric STDs remain a hidden and neglected problem. Children constituted 0.82% of all STD patients in our series. This may represent only the tip of the iceberg, because several features, including some operational problems, are responsible for underdiagnosis of pediatric STDs. If not treated promptly and adequately, they may result in significant physical and emotional sequelae in children. Thus, it is essential to develop strategies to prevent sexual abuse and to have adequate counselling measures, especially in juvenile delinquents.
Palmoplantar Lichen Planus Presenting with Vesicle‐Like Papules
Authors: Gündüz Kamer , Inanir Isil , Türkdogan Peyker , Sacar Handan 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPalmoplantar lichen planus is a rare, localized variant of the disease that may create difficulty in diagnosis if it is present as an isolated finding. Although several morphological patterns may be seen, plaques or small papules with compact hyperkeratosis are usually observed. We present a 25‐year‐old woman with a one‐month history of slightly pruritic, red papules on her palms and soles. Dermatologic examination revealed numerous, asymptomatic, unscaly, red papules on her palms and soles, some of them resembling vesicles and white reticulate plaques on both sides of the buccal mucosa. The diagnosis was established by the typical histopathological features of lichen planus. Although resistant to topical corticosteroids, she responded well to systemic corticosteroid therapy, and no recurrence was observed during the follow‐up period of one year.