bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collaboration and tension between institutions and units providing data management support
Authors: Wright Stephanie , Whitmire Amanda , Zilinski Lisa , Minor David 
Published: April 2015

EDITOR'S SUMMARYA panel of speakers from three universities explored their challenges and progress in building programs to support research data management, whether within the library system or with research offices or computing groups. Since 2012 Oregon State University has partnered with its research office and graduate school, helping students prepare data for preservation and sharing and developing a graduate course for credit in research data management. Based on needs identified through an environmental scan, the University of Washington hired a data services coordinator to promote the services provided and to increase collaborations, visibility and support. Purdue University pairs data services specialists with subject liaison librarians to reach disciplinary faculty and researchers. The connections identify champions, lead to successful collaborations and, most importantly, provide the opportunity to show data services specialists as peers and collaborators. With basic services established, each institution looks forward to strengthening relationships and expanding services, skills and staffing.
Comparison of cervical cancer screening results among 256,648 women in multiple clinical practices
Authors: Blatt Amy J. , Kennedy Ronald , Luff Ronald D. , Austin R. Marshall , Rabin Douglas S. 
Published: April 2015

BACKGROUNDIn the United States, human papillomavirus (HPV) and Papanicolaou (Pap) testing (cotesting) for cervical screening in women ages 30 to 65 years is the preferred strategy, and cytology alone is acceptable. Recently, a proprietary automated test for identifying high‐risk HPV types for primary cervical screening was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. The objective of the current study was to document extensive cervical screening among these screening options.METHODSTo investigate the sensitivity of various testing options for biopsy‐proven cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse (≥CIN3) and cancer, the authors reviewed 256,648 deidentified results from women ages 30 to 65 years at the time of cotest who had a cervical biopsy specimen obtained within 1 year of the cotest.RESULTSA positive cotest result was more sensitive (98.8%; 4040 of 4090 cotests) for diagnosing ≥CIN3 than either a positive HPV‐only test (94%; 3845 of 4090 HPV‐only tests) or a positive Pap‐only test (91.3%; 3734 of 4090 Pap‐only tests; P < .0001). A positive Pap‐only result was more specific (26.3%; 66,145 of 251,715 Pap‐only tests) for diagnosing ≥CIN3 than a positive HPV‐only test (25.6%; 64,625 of 252,556 HPV‐only tests) or a positive cotest (10.9%; 27,578 of 252,558 cotests; P < .0001). Of 526 cervical cancers, 98 (18.6%) were HPV‐only negative, 64 (12.2%) were Pap‐only negative, and 29 (5.5%) were cotest negative.CONCLUSIONSCompared with HPV‐only testing, cotesting was more sensitive for the detection of ≥CIN3 in women ages 30 to 65 years. The current data suggest that approximately 19% of women with cervical cancer may be misdiagnosed by an HPV‐only cervical screen. It is important to consider these data as the guidelines for cervical cancer screening undergo revision. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2015;123:282–8. © 2015 The Authors. Cancer Cytopathology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
Deconstructing the reactivation of imitation in young infants
Authors: Learmonth Amy E. , Cuevas Kimberly , Rovee‐Collier Carolyn 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTReactivation is an automatic, perceptual process in which exposure to components of a forgotten event alleviates forgetting. Most research on infant memory reactivation has used conditioning paradigms. We used the puppet imitation task to systematically examine which stimuli could retrieve 6‐month‐olds' forgotten memory of the modeled actions. Infants watched an adult model a sequence of actions on a puppet, imitated the actions, and were exposed to reactivation cues 24 hr before a 7‐day (Experiment 1) or 14‐day (Experiment 2) retention test. Exposure to any component of the original event reactivated the memory during the 7‐day test, but two of the same components failed to alleviate forgetting during the 14‐day test. Increasing the number of retrieval cues facilitated 14‐day test performance. These findings reveal that the principles of reactivation are the same for conditioning and imitation paradigms: The necessary and sufficient conditions for memory reactivation are directly related to memory accessibility. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 57: 497–505, 2015.
Assessment of the relationship between hypoglycaemia awareness and autonomic function following islet cell/pancreas transplantation
Authors: Kamel Jordan T. , Goodman David J. , Howe Kathy , Cook Mark J. , Ward Glenn M. , Roberts Leslie J. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundThis study assesses the autonomic function of patients who have regained awareness of hypoglycaemia following islet cell or whole pancreas transplant.MethodsFive patients with type 1 diabetes and either islet cell (four patients) or whole pancreas (one patient) transplant were assessed. These patients were age‐matched and gender‐matched to five patients with type 1 diabetes without transplant and preserved hypoglycaemia awareness and five healthy control participants without diabetes. All participants underwent (i) a battery of five cardiovascular autonomic function tests, (ii) quantitative sudomotor axonal reflex testing, and (iii) sympathetic skin response testing.ResultsTotal recorded hypoglycaemia episodes per month fell from 76 pre‐transplant to 13 at 0‐ to 3‐month post‐transplant (83% reduction). The percentage of hypoglycaemia episodes that patients were unaware of decreased from 97 to 69% at 0–3 months (p < 0.001, Fisher's exact test) and to 20% after 12 months (p < 0.0001, Fisher's exact test). This amelioration was maintained at the time of testing (mean time: 4.1 years later, range: 2–6 years). Presence of significant autonomic neuropathy was seen in all five transplanted patients (at least 2/3 above modalities abnormal) but in only one of the patients with diabetes without transplantation.ConclusionsThe long‐term maintenance of hypoglycaemia awareness that returns after islet cell/pancreas transplantation in patients with diabetes is not prevented by significant autonomic neuropathy and is better accounted for by other factors such as reversal of hypoglycaemia‐associated autonomic failure. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hepatic ALT isoenzymes are elevated in gluconeogenic conditions including diabetes and suppressed by insulin at the protein level
Authors: Qian Kun , Zhong Shao , Xie Keming , Yu Daozhan , Yang Rongze , Gong Da‐Wei 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundAlanine transaminase (ALT) plays an important role in gluconeogenesis by converting alanine into pyruvate for glucose production. Early studies have shown that ALT activities are upregulated in gluconeogenic conditions and may be implicated in the development of diabetes. ALT consists of two isoforms, ALT1 and ALT2, with distinctive subcellular and tissue distributions. Whether and how they are regulated are largely unknown.MethodsBy using Western blotting analysis, we measured hepatic ALT isoforms at the protein level in obese and diabetic animals and in Fao hepatoma cells treated with dexamethasone and insulin. In addition, we measured glucose output in Fao cells over‐expressing ALT1 and ALT2.ResultsBoth ALT isoforms in the liver were increased in diabetic Goto‐Kakizaki rats and during fasting. However, in ob/ob mice, only ALT2, but not ALT1, protein levels were elevated, and the increase of ALT2 was correlated with that of ALT activity. We further demonstrated that, in vitro, both ALT1 and ALT2 were induced by glucocorticoid dexamethasone, but suppressed by insulin in Fao cells. Finally, we showed that the over‐expression of ALT1 and ALT2 in Fao cells directly increased glucose output.ConclusionsWe have shown the similarity and difference in the regulation of ALT isoforms in gluconeogenic conditions at the protein level, supporting that ALT isoenzymes play an important role in glucose metabolism and may be implicated the development of insulin resistance and diabetes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An augmented velocity–vorticity–pressure formulation for the Brinkman equations
Authors: Anaya Verónica , Gatica Gabriel N. , Mora David , Ruiz‐Baier Ricardo 
Published: April 2015

SummaryThis paper deals with the analysis of a new augmented mixed finite element method in terms of vorticity, velocity, and pressure, for the Brinkman problem with nonstandard boundary conditions. The approach is based on the introduction of Galerkin least‐squares terms arising from the constitutive equation relating the aforementioned unknowns and from the incompressibility condition. We show that the resulting augmented bilinear form is continuous and elliptic, which, thanks to the Lax–Milgram theorem, and besides proving the well‐posedness of the continuous formulation, ensures the solvability and stability of the Galerkin scheme with any finite element subspace of the continuous space. In particular, Raviart–Thomas elements of any order
for the velocity field, and piecewise continuous polynomials of degree k + 1 for both the vorticity and the pressure, can be utilized. A priori error estimates and the corresponding rates of convergence are also given here. Next, we derive two reliable and efficient residual‐based a posteriori error estimators for this problem. The ellipticity of the bilinear form together with the local approximation properties of the Clément interpolation operator are the main tools for showing the reliability. In turn, inverse inequalities and the localization technique based on triangle‐bubble and edge‐bubble functions are utilized to show the efficiency. Finally, several numerical results illustrating the good performance of the method, confirming the properties of the estimators and showing the behavior of the associated adaptive algorithms, are reported. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental system to detect a labeled cell monolayer in a microfluidic environment
Authors: Gargam Nicolas , Darrasse Luc , Raynaud Jean‐Sebastien , Ginefri Jean‐Christoph , Robert Philippe , Poirier‐Quinot Marie 
Published: April 2015

PurposeTo investigate the feasibility of detecting a living cell monolayer labeled with gadoterate (Gd‐DOTA) in a microfluidic environment, by micromagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a 2.35T small‐animal system. The development of new targeted contrast agents (CAs) requires proof‐of‐concept studies in order to establish the detectability of the CA and to predict the role of biodistribution in its uptake mechanisms. A promising approach is to carefully mimic the in vivo pharmacokinetic context with reduced experimental complexity compared to in vivo situations.Materials and MethodsA dedicated experimental system was built by combining a microfluidic slide and a radiofrequency probe based on a 6 mm diameter multiturn transmission‐line resonator. Adherent KB cells were incubated with different concentrations of Gd. MRI data were acquired at 2.35T with a 3D gradient echo and a resolution of 12.4 μm perpendicular to the cell layer. The longitudinal relaxation rate, R1, was measured as a function of the amount of Gd internalized by the cells.ResultsR1 measurements for different Gd concentrations per cell were performed using data with an signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of 100. Relaxation‐rate variations ΔR1 of 0.035 s−1 were measured. A quenching effect was observed at Gd concentrations above 20 fmol/cell.ConclusionOur results suggest that this dedicated experimental system is suitable for specifically assessing new high‐relaxivity targeted CAs under real‐time uptake conditions. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;42:1100–1105.
Lubricin in human achilles tendon: The evidence of intratendinous sliding motion and shear force in achilles tendon
Authors: Sun Yu‐Long , Wei Zhuang , Zhao Chunfeng , Jay Gregory D. , Schmid Thomas M. , Amadio Peter C. , An Kai‐Nan 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTAchilles tendon is one of the most commonly injured tendons. Mechanical force is regarded as a major causative factor. However, the biomechanics of Achilles tendon and mechanical mechanism of the injuries are unclear. Lubricin expresses at regions exposed to sliding motion and shear force in a number of tissues. This study investigated the distribution and concentration of lubricin in human Achilles tendons for better understanding the biomechanics of Achilles tendon. Achilles tendons were harvested from nine cadavers. Lubricin was extracted from various locations proximal to the calcaneal insertion and quantified with ELISA. The distribution of lubricin was investigated with immunohistochemistry. Lubricin was mainly identified at the interfaces of tendon fascicles, especially in the mid‐portion of the tendon. The concentration of lubricin in Achilles tendons varied by individual and the distance from its calcaneal insertion. The distal portion of the tendon had a higher concentration of lubricin than the proximal regions of the tendon. This study suggests the presence of intratendinous sliding motion of fascicles and shear force at interfaces of fascicles in human Achilles tendon. Shear force could be an important mechanical factor for the development of Achilles tendinopathy and rupture. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:932–937, 2015.
Assessment of the adequacy of EN ISO 15927‐4 reference years for photovoltaic systems
Authors: García Ignacio , Torres José Luis 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe long‐term performance prediction of photovoltaic systems requires representative meteorological data from a particular location. Among the numerous proposals in the field of solar energy, most of them include procedures oriented towards the generation of test reference years (TRYs). These synthetic years are composed of the concatenation of 12 actual months of the time series of meteorological measurements. Using TRYs to simulate the performance of different types of solar energy systems reduces the computational effort of the simulation and simplifies the analysis of the results. In this sense, the technical standard EN ISO 15927‐4 describes a procedure for constructing a reference year suitable for evaluation of the annual heating and cooling long‐term needs in buildings. In this work, the adequacy of the EN ISO 15927‐4 reference year for photovoltaic systems was studied. The electricity production obtained by simulation with this TRY was compared with that obtained by the Weather Year for Solar Systems. This latter reference year only uses the monthly thermal energy collected by the system as a selection parameter of typical months. This comparison was performed for seven locations in the USA considering two 5.6 kWp grid‐connected photovoltaic systems that only differ in the solar tracking system. The suitability of the EN ISO 15927‐4 reference year for the estimation of the electrical energy generated by a photovoltaic system has been proved, showing good results in the annual and daily predictions in most of the cases studied. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fluorene‐based rib waveguides with optimized geometry for long‐term amplified spontaneous emission stability
Authors: Del Pozo Gonzalo , Bennis Noureddine , Quintana Xabier , Otón Jose Manuel , Lin Jinyi , Xie Linghai H. , Wei Qi , Xia Ruidong , Bernardo‐Gavito Ramon , Granados Daniel , Cabanillas‐Gonzalez Juan 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTAmongst the different optoelectronic applications of conjugated polymers, waveguide amplifiers and optically pumped lasers are those requiring larger photochemical stability, owing to the large irradiation conditions under operation. In this context, suitable waveguide optimization enabling the reduction of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) threshold values appears as important as synthetic chemistry protocols to promote polymer robustness against photo‐oxidation. In this work, we develop rib waveguides with different geometries based on four different fluorene‐based compounds and assess the influence of rib confinement on ASE properties. We observe ASE threshold values as low as 8.9 × 10−4 mJ cm−2, being among the lowest threshold values reported so far on blue emitting polymer/oligomer waveguides. We demonstrate that the enhanced ASE efficiency on some of these rib waveguides leads to a fivefold increase in operation lifetime respect to spin‐coated slab waveguides, thus confirming the impact of waveguide geometry on ASE operation stability. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015, 53, 1040–1045
Crystal structure of the fungal nitroreductase Frm2 fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Song Hyung‐Nam , Jeong Dae‐Gwin , Bang Seo‐Young , Paek Se‐Hwan , Park Byoung‐Chul , Park Sung‐Goo , Woo Eui‐Jeon 
Published: April 2015

AbstractNitroreductases are flavoenzymes that catalyze nitrocompounds and are widely utilized in industrial applications due to their detoxification potential and activation of biomedicinal prodrugs. Type I nitroreductases are classified into subgroups depending on the use of NADPH or NADH as the electron donor. Here, we report the crystal structure of the fungal nitroreductase Frm2 fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae, one of the uncharacterized subgroups of proteins, to reveal its minimal architecture previously observed in bacterial nitroreductases such as CinD and YdjA. The structure lacks protruding helical motifs that form part of the cofactor and substrate binding site, resulting in an open and wide active site geometry. Arg82 is uniquely conserved in proximity to the substrate binding site in Frm2 homologues and plays a crucial role in the activity of the active site. Frm2 primarily utilizes NADH to reduce 4‐NQO. Because missing helical elements are involved in the direct binding to the NAD(P)H in group A or group B in Type I family, Frm2 and its homologues may represent a distinctive subgroup with an altered binding mode for the reducing compound. This result provides a structural basis for the rational design of novel prodrugs with the ability to reduce nitrogen‐containing hazardous molecules.
Parathyroid Reimplantation in Forearm Subcutaneous Tissue During Thyroidectomy: A Simple and Effective Way to Avoid Hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Cavallaro Giuseppe , Iorio Olga , Centanni Marco , Porta Natale , Iossa Angelo , Gargano Lucilla , Del Duca Susanna , Gurrado Angela , Testini Mario , Petrozza Vincenzo , Silecchia Gianfranco 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIntroductionParathyroid autotransplantation plays an important role in preventing hypoparathyroidism following thyroidectomy. The preferred reimplantation site is still the sternocleidomastoid muscle, but this approach does not permit to check graft vitality postoperatively. The authors report the first prospective evaluation of normal parathyroid gland reimplantation in forearm subcutaneous tissue (using the same technique proposed during parathyroidectomy for hyperplasia) in case of devascularized or inadvertently removed glands during thyroid surgery.Materials and methodsFrom January 2013 to August 2014, we performed 348 consecutive thyroidectomies for various disease, both benign and malignant. In 25 cases, due to inadvertent parathyroid removal or evidence of insufficient blood supply, we removed and fragmented the gland into 0.5–1 mm slices (one for frozen section) and reimplanted it into two subcutaneous pockets on the non‐dominant forearm. After surgery we checked grafted gland function by evaluation of serum parathormone gradient between reimplanted versus non‐reimplanted arm (considering significant a ratio of 1.5 or more), at 1 week, 1 and 3 months after surgery.ResultsWe observed recovery of reimplanted graft function in 48, 88 and 96 % of patients respectively at 1 week, 1 and 3 months after surgery. All patients showed normal parathormone levels in peripheral blood (non‐reimplanted arm). In one case we observed post‐operative wound hematoma on graft‐site. This patient showed no graft functionality in post‐operative period (even at 3 months follow‐up).ConclusionsParathyroid gland reimplantation in forearm subcutaneous tissue during thyroid surgery is a safe, easy and effective procedure; furthermore, it allows a good control of graft functionality and would allow an easy grafted gland removal if needed.
A meta‐analysis of maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancy after bariatric surgery
Authors: Yi Xiao‐yan , Li Qi‐fu , Zhang Jun , Wang Zhi‐hong 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe effects of bariatric surgery (BS) on outcomes in subsequent pregnancies are unclear.ObjectivesTo compare maternal and fetal outcomes among women who become pregnant after BS and obese women who have not undergone BS before pregnancy.Search strategyPubMed and Embase were searched for relevant reports, and the reference lists of identified articles were hand‐searched.Selection criteriaCohort studies that compared outcomes among women who had undergone any type of BS and obese women who had not undergone surgery were included when results were reported as risk ratios or odds ratios (ORs).Data collection and analysisSummary ORs were estimated using a random effects model.Main resultsEleven studies were included. Compared with obese women who had not undergone BS, women who had undergone BS had significantly lower odds of gestational diabetes (OR 0.31; 95% CI 0.15–0.65), hypertensive disorders (OR 0.42; 95% CI 0.23–0.78), and macrosomia (OR 0.40; 95% CI 0.24–0.67). However, their odds of small‐for‐gestational‐age newborns were increased (OR 2.16; 95% CI 1.28–3.66). No significant differences were recorded for cesarean, postpartum hemorrhage, and preterm delivery.ConclusionsBS reduces the odds of some adverse maternal and fetal outcomes among obese women.
Profile of ostomy patients residing in Pouso Alegre city
Authors: Salomé Geraldo Magela , Carvalho Maiume Roana Ferreira , Massahud Marcelo Renato , Mendes Bruno 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe objective was to characterize the clientele of ostomy patients living in Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Among the causes that led patients to acquire an ostomy, the most prevalent was neoplasia; the type of ostomy was a permanent colostomy. Most people were not told that they would be submitted to the stoma. In addition, individuals were not subject to stoma demarcation, and irrigation was not performed. Regarding the type of complication, 34 (48.60%) had dermatitis; 14 (20%), retraction; and 13 (18.60%), prolapse. With respect to stoma diameter, 34 (48.60%) had 20–40 mm and 23 (32.90%), 40–60 mm. With this study, we became aware of the profile of ostomized patients treated at the municipality of Pouso Alegre/MG; it is expected that, with these data, the improvement of care to this population can be subsidized. We suggest that nursing professionals think of health action strategies with respect to guidance on stoma manufacture and to measures aiming for the prevention of possible complications, promoting ways to help these patients to make decisions and to verbalize feelings, so that they feel supported in coping with changes in their body image, for the sake of survival.