bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Professional Pitchers With Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit (GIRD) Display Greater Humeral Retrotorsion Than Pitchers Without GIRD
Authors: Noonan Thomas J. , Shanley Ellen , Bailey Lane B. , Wyland Douglas J. , Kissenberth Michael J. , Hawkins Richard J. , Thigpen Charles A. 
Published: March 2015

Background: Dominant shoulder glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) has been associated with pitching arm injuries. The relationship of humeral torsion on development of GIRD is not clear. Hypothesis: Pitchers displaying GIRD will display greater humeral retrotorsion when compared with those without GIRD. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Humeral torsion and shoulder range of motion (ROM) were measured in 222 professional pitchers before spring training from 2009 to 2012. Shoulder external rotation (ER) and internal rotation (IR) ROM were assessed in 90° of abduction with the scapula stabilized. Humeral torsion was measured via ultrasound using previously described and validated methods. Side-to-side differences in total arc of motion (ER + IR), ER, and IR ROM and humeral torsion were calculated as nondominant minus dominant arm measures for analysis. Pitchers were classified as having GIRD if their dominant arm displayed an IR deficit ≥15° concomitant with a total arc of motion deficit ≥10° compared with their nondominant arm. A mixed-model analysis of variance (side × GIRD) was used to compare dominant and nondominant humeral torsion between pitchers with GIRD (n = 60) and those without GIRD (n = 162). Independent t tests were used to compare the side-to-side difference in humeral torsion between pitchers with GIRD and those without GIRD (α = 0.05). Results: Pitchers with GIRD displayed significantly less humeral torsion (ie, greater retrotorsion) in their dominant arm as compared with those without GIRD (GIRD = 4.5° ± 11.8°, no GIRD = 10.4° ± 11.7°; P = .002). Pitchers with GIRD also displayed a greater side-to-side difference in humeral torsion (GIRD = 19.5° ± 11.9°, no GIRD = 12.3° ± 12.4°; P = .001). However, pitchers with GIRD did not display an increase in dominant ER ROM (dominant ER = 131.8° ± 14.3°, nondominant ER 126.6° ± 13.1°) when compared with those without GIRD (dominant ER = 132.0° ± 14.2°, nondominant ER 122.6° ± 13.1°; P = .03). Pitchers with GIRD displayed expected alterations in ROM (IR = 28.8° ± 9.6°, total arc = 160.6° ± 15.4°; P < .01 for both) when compared with those without GIRD (IR = 39.9° ± 9.9°, total arc = 171.2° ± 15.5°). Conclusion: Pitchers with GIRD displayed greater side-to-side differences and dominant humeral retrotorsion as compared with those without GIRD. The greater humeral retrotorsion may place greater stress on the posterior shoulder resulting in ROM deficits. Pitchers with greater humeral retrotorsion appear to be more susceptible to developing ROM deficits associated with injury and may need increased monitoring and customized treatment programs to mitigate their increased injury risk.
The Impact of a Video Game on Criminal Thinking
Authors: Shaw Julia , Crosby Kimberly , Porter Stephen 
Published: March 2015

Background Debate regarding the potential repercussions of engaging with videogames that promote violence and crime has been part of public discourse for decades. The present study seeks to add to the debate by investigating some of the unexplored links between pro-criminal videogames and antisocial cognitive processes. Aim This study examined whether criminal thinking could be manipulated by exposure to common criminal stimuli: a popular North American news show and a popular antisocial videogame (GRAND THEFT AUTO IV). Method Participants ( N = 136) were assigned to one of four conditions (criminal news, non-criminal news, criminal gameplay, noncriminal gameplay) followed by implicit (Implicit Association Test) and explicit (questionnaires) measures of criminal thinking. Results Results indicated that engaging in criminal video gameplay had an immediate effect on implicit measures of criminal thinking, but not on explicit measures of criminal thinking. Implications This study builds on the present literature by examining sources of criminal thinking and the usefulness of virtual crime methodologies and implicit measures for experimental paradigms in this field.
Radiographic Outcomes Following Lateral Column Lengthening With a Porous Titanium Wedge
Authors: Gross Christopher E. , Huh Jeannie , Gray Joni , Demetracopoulos Constantine , Nunley James A. 
Published: March 2015

Background: Lateral column lengthening (LCL) is commonly utilized in treating stage II posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction. This study aimed to analyze the outcomes of LCL with porous titanium wedges compared to historic controls of iliac crest autograft and allograft. We hypothesized that the use of a porous titanium wedge would have radiographic improvement and union rates similar to those with the use of autograft and allograft in LCL. Methods: Between May 2009 and May 2014, 28 feet in 26 patients were treated with LCL using a porous titanium wedge. Of the 26 patients, 9 were males (34.6%). The average age for males was 43 years (range, 17.9-58.7), 48.7 years (range, 21-72.3) for females. Mean follow-up was 14.6 months. Radiographs were examined for correction of the flatfoot deformity and forefoot abduction. All complications were noted. Results: Radiographically, the patients had a significant deformity correction in the anteroposterior talo-first metatarsal angle, talonavicular coverage angle, lateral talo-first metatarsal angle, and calcaneal pitch. All but 1 patient (96%) had bony incorporation of the porous titanium wedge. The average preoperative visual analog scale pain score was 5; all patients but 3 (12%) had improvements in their pain score, with a mean change of 3.4. Conclusion: LCL with porous titanium had low nonunion rates, improved radiographic correction, and pain relief. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
Nonunion Risk Assessment in Foot and Ankle Surgery
Authors: Thevendran Gowreeson , Wang Calvin , Pinney Stephen J. , Penner Murray J. , Wing Kevin J. , Younger Alastair S. E. 
Published: March 2015

Background: Nonunion risk factor identification and modification are subjective. We describe and validate a predictive nonunion risk factor model to identify foot and ankle operative patients at risk for nonunion. Materials and Methods: One hundred international experts in foot and ankle surgery were surveyed. Nineteen nonunion risk factors were stratified into 3 categories: more significant than, as significant as, and less significant than smoking 1 pack per day. A nonunion risk assessment model was developed by assigning a weighted score to each risk factor, based on its mean score from the survey. A total nonunion risk (TNR) score was calculated for individual patients. It was retrospectively validated in 2 patient cohorts from a single center’s prospectively collected end-stage ankle arthritis patient database: 22 cases of ankle and/or hindfoot fusion nonunion and 40 sex- and procedure-matched controls with bony fusion. Analyses included descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and univariate and multivariate linear regression models. Results: The mean TNR score was 6.6 ± 5.6 in controls and 13.5 ± 8.2 in the nonunion group ( P < .001). Data showed excellent intraobserver and interobserver correlation coefficients. In a logistic regression model, the risk of nonunion exceeded 9% with a TNR score greater than or equal to 10. Multivariate linear regression analysis, adjusted for age and sex, suggested that lack of fusion site stability and obesity (body mass index greater than 30) were significantly predictive of nonunion. Conclusion: The nonunion risk assessment model provides a reliable, sensitive, and specific method for predicting nonunion based on objective patient assessment. Orthopaedic patients at risk for nonunion could benefit from targeted intervention. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective observational study.
Spanish-Language Media Entrepreneurship in the Statehouse
Authors: Medina Vidal D. Xavier 
Published: March 2015

AbstractLittle is known about the role of Spanish-language media in the representation of Latino constituencies in statehouses. In this article, I present analyses of elite-level data from the Media and Public Policy in the States: 2011 Survey, which reveal state legislators' attitudes and orientations toward the news media. Building on the view that Spanish-language media provide an important representational link between Hispanic constituents and their political representatives, I argue that the level of media sophistication or “media entrepreneurship” state legislators bring to their representative role is a function of legislators' Spanish media environments. Through statistical tests of the relationships between the Spanish-language media environment, state lawmakers' perceptions of the media's effectiveness, and their use of media tools, I find evidence that district-level Spanish-language media contexts influence lawmakers' level of engagement with the news media.
Design of a cluster-randomized trial of electronic health record-based tools to address overweight and obesity in primary care
Authors: Baer Heather J , Wee Christina C , DeVito Katerina , Orav E John , Frolkis Joseph P , Williams Deborah H , Wright Adam , Bates David W 
Published: March 2015

Background: Primary care providers often fail to identify patients who are overweight or obese or discuss weight management with them. Electronic health record-based tools may help providers with the assessment and management of overweight and obesity. Purpose: We describe the design of a trial to examine the effectiveness of electronic health record-based tools for the assessment and management of overweight and obesity among adult primary care patients, as well as the challenges we encountered. Methods: We developed several new features within the electronic health record used by primary care practices affiliated with Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, MA. These features included (1) reminders to measure height and weight, (2) an alert asking providers to add overweight or obesity to the problem list, (3) reminders with tailored management recommendations, and (4) a Weight Management screen. We then conducted a pragmatic, cluster-randomized controlled trial in 12 primary care practices. Results: We randomized 23 clinical teams (“clinics”) within the practices to the intervention group ( n = 11) or the control group ( n = 12). The new features were activated only for clinics in the intervention group. The intervention was implemented in two phases: the height and weight reminders went live on 15 December 2011 (Phase 1), and all of the other features went live on 11 June 2012 (Phase 2). Study enrollment went from December 2011 through December 2012, and follow-up ended in December 2013. The primary outcomes were 6-month and 12-month weight change among adult patients with body mass index ≥25 who had a visit at one of the primary care clinics during Phase 2. Secondary outcome measures included the proportion of patients with a recorded body mass index in the electronic health record, the proportion of patients with body mass index ≥25 who had a diagnosis of overweight or obesity on the electronic health record problem list, and the proportion of patients with body mass index ≥25 who had a follow-up appointment about their weight or were prescribed weight loss medication. Lessons learned: We encountered challenges in our development of an intervention within the existing structure of an electronic health record. For example, although we decided to randomize clinics within primary care practices, this decision may have introduced contamination and led to some imbalance of patient characteristics between the intervention and control practices. Using the electronic health record as the primary data source reduced the cost of the study, but not all desired data were recorded for every participant. Conclusion: Despite the challenges, this study should provide valuable information about the effectiveness of electronic health record-based tools for addressing overweight and obesity in primary care.
Endoscopic closure of persistent gastrocutaneous fistulae, after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement, using the over-the-scope-clip system
Authors: Singhal Shashideep , Changela Kinesh , Culliford Andrea , Duddempudi Sushil , Krishnaiah Mahesh , Anand Sury 
Published: March 2015

Objectives: The Over-The-Scope-Clip (OTSC) has had an evolving role in endoscopic closure of gastrointestinal wall defects, in hemostasis of primary or postinterventional bleeding, and approximation of postbariatric surgery defects. Rapid and effective closure of gastrocutaneous (GC) fistulae using this device has been recently described in the literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility, efficacy and safety of OTSC as an effective tool in the management of persistent GC fistulae secondary to a complication of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement. Method: In this multicenter prospective observational study, we describe our experience with OTSC in the closure of persistent GC fistulas secondary to PEG tube placement. Patients with GC fistulas were sequentially enrolled with a mean age of 84 years. Primary treatment outcome was the immediate successful closure of GC fistula and resolution of leak. Secondary outcome was no recurrence of the fistula and leaks on follow up. Results: A total of 10 patients were enrolled over the study period. Mean age was 84.4 ± 8.75 years. The primary treatment outcome was achieved in all the patients undergoing this intervention. Secondary outcome was observed in 9/10 (90%) subjects. No procedural complications were reported. Larger fistulae (>2.5 cm) and those with significant fibrosis were more difficult to close with the OTSC system. The mean follow-up time after OTSC application was 43.7 ± 20.57 days. A limitation of this study was that there was no control group. Conclusions: OTSC application is a safe and effective endoscopic approach for the closure of persistent GC fistulae secondary to a complication of PEG tube placement.
Effect of comedication of bupropion and other antidepressants on body mass index
Authors: Ravindran Priyadarshini P. , Zang Wenzhao , Renukunta Swetha , Mansour Rick , Denduluri Srinivas 
Published: March 2015

Background: Weight gain as an adverse effect of monotherapy of antidepressant has been well-studied. The effects of augmentation therapy involving multiple antidepressants, on weight changes needs to be adequately addressed. Objective: To study the co-medication effects of bupropion in combination with six individual antidepressants on body mass index (BMI) using EMR based data analysis. Methods: Allscripts data warehouse was used to identify patients on monotherapy of five selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) drugs, escitalopram, sertraline, citalopram, paroxetine, fluoxetine, one selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) duloxetine and the aminoketone, bupropion for at least 180 days. We also identified patients on co-medication of SSRI/SNRI drugs with bupropion. Six ANCOVA models were built to compare the short term effects on BMI, among monotherapy and co-medication groups. The patients’ clinical conditions and demographics were included to account for confounding effects. Results: Monotherapy of all the SSRI/SNRI drugs showed significant weight increase, consistent with that of previous studies. The co-medication of bupropion and escitalopram showed a significantly higher increase in BMI than monotherapy (P = 0.0102). The increase in BMI in the other five co-medication groups was not significantly different from their respective monotherapy groups. Conclusion: Our study reports an adverse weight gain on co-medication of escitalopram and bupropion, which warrants further validation studies. Considering co-medication effects of antidepressants on weight is important to design robust depression treatment plans.
Training Advanced Practice Providers to Collect Functional Outcomes After Fragility Fractures
Authors: Wang Tiffany L. , Ames Tyler D. , Le Khoi M. , Wee Corinne , Phieffer Laura S. , Quatman Carmen E. 
Published: March 2015

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether advanced practice providers could learn to collect objective functional assessment data accurately and efficiently with commercially available devices that measure kinematics and kinetics (Nintendo Wii Balance Board [WBB] and Level Belt [LB]) to aid in the assessment of fall risk and outcomes after fragility fractures. Methods: Nine advanced practice providers participated in a 1-hour clinical assessment tools (CATs) training session on equipment use, providing standardized instructions, and practice of the testing procedures. Afterward, they participated in a skills demonstration evaluation and completed a postsession survey. Results: Participants successfully achieved a mean of 18.22 (standard deviation 1.56) of 20 performance measures. Of the incomplete or omitted tasks, the majority (10 of 16) occurred within the first of 3 CATs activities. Postsession survey results revealed that 9 of 9 participants reported that the 1 hour provided for training on the CATs was sufficient. All participants reported that after the training, they felt confident they could reliably carry out the tasks to test patients on both the WBB and the LB. The majority of participants reported that they believed that the WBB (7 of 9) and LB (8 out of 9) would be good assets to clinics in assessing patient functionality after fragility fractures. Conclusion: These results indicate that advanced practice providers can confidently learn and effectively test patients with the WBB and LB within 1 hour of training. In the future, adoption of CATs in the clinical setting may allow for objective, easy-to-use, portable, noninvasive, and relatively inexpensive measures to assess functional outcomes in patients with fragility fracture.
How I treat priapism
Authors: Anele Uzoma A. , Le Brian V. , Resar Linda M. S. , Burnett Arthur L. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Priapism is a disorder of persistent penile erection unrelated to sexual interest or desire. This pathologic condition, specifically the ischemic variant, is often associated with devastating complications, notably erectile dysfunction. Because priapism demonstrates high prevalence in patients with hematologic disorders, most commonly sickle cell disease (SCD), there is significant concern for its sequelae in this affected population. Thus, timely diagnosis and management are critical for the prevention or at least reduction of cavernosal tissue ischemia and potential damage consequent to each episode. Current guidelines and management strategies focus primarily on reactive treatments. However, an increasing understanding of the molecular pathophysiology of SCD-associated priapism has led to the identification of new potential therapeutic targets. Future agents are being developed and explored for use in the prevention of priapism.
Increased mortality in patients with the lupus anticoagulant: the Vienna Lupus Anticoagulant and Thrombosis Study (LATS)
Authors: Gebhart Johanna , Posch Florian , Koder Silvia , Perkmann Thomas , Quehenberger Peter , Zoghlami Claudia , Ay Cihan , Pabinger Ingrid 
Published: March 2015

Key PointsNew onset of thrombosis is an independent risk factor for increased mortality in LA-positive individuals. Life expectancy in our cohort of patients with LA was worse in comparison with an Austrian reference population.
Fixed points of monotone nonexpansive mappings on a hyperbolic metric space with a graph
Authors: Alfuraidan Monther Rashed , Khamsi Mohamed Amine 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this work, we define the concept of G-monotone nonexpansive multivalued mappings defined on a metric space with a graph G. Then we obtain sufficient conditions for the existence of fixed points for such mappings in hyperbolic metric spaces. This is the first kind of such results in this direction.
Background qualitative analysis of the European Reference Life Cycle Database (ELCD) energy datasets – part I: fuel datasets
Authors: Garraín Daniel , Fazio Simone , de la Rúa Cristina , Recchioni Marco , Lechón Yolanda , Mathieux Fabrice 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Introduction
The aim of this study is to identify areas of potential improvement of the European Reference Life Cycle Database (ELCD) fuel datasets.

Case description
The revision is based on the data quality indicators described by the ILCD Handbook, applied on sectorial basis. These indicators evaluate the technological, geographical and time-related representativeness of the dataset and the appropriateness in terms of completeness, precision and methodology.

Discussion and evaluation
Results show that ELCD fuel datasets have a very good quality in general terms, nevertheless some findings and recommendations in order to improve the quality of Life-Cycle Inventories have been derived. Moreover, these results ensure the quality of the fuel-related datasets to any LCA practitioner, and provide insights related to the limitations and assumptions underlying in the datasets modelling.

Conclusions
Giving this information, the LCA practitioner will be able to decide whether the use of the ELCD fuel datasets is appropriate based on the goal and scope of the analysis to be conducted. The methodological approach would be also useful for dataset developers and reviewers, in order to improve the overall DQR of databases.
EphB2 and EphB3 play an important role in the lymphoid seeding of murine adult thymus
Authors: Alfaro David , García-Ceca Javier , Farias-de-Oliveira Desio A , Terra-Granado Eugenia , Montero-Herradón Sara , Cotta-de-Almeida Vinicius , Savino Wilson , Zapata Agustín 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Adult thymuses lacking either ephrin type B receptor 2 (EphB2) or EphB3, or expressing a truncated form of EphB2, the forward signal-deficient EphB2LacZ, have low numbers of early thymic progenitors (ETPs) and are colonized in vivo by reduced numbers of injected bone marrow (BM) lineage-negative (Lin−) cells. Hematopoietic progenitors from these EphB mutants showed decreased capacities to colonize wild type (WT) thymuses compared with WT precursors, with EphB2−/− cells exhibiting the greatest reduction. WT BM Lin− cells also showed decreased colonizing capacity into mutant thymuses. The reduction was also more severe in EphB2−/− host thymuses, with a less severe phenotype in the EphB2LacZ thymus. These results suggest a major function for forward signaling through EphB2 and, to a lesser extent, EphB3, in either colonizing progenitor cells or thymic stromal cells, for in vivo adult thymus recruitment. Furthermore, the altered expression of the molecules involved in thymic colonization that occurs in the mutant thymus correlates with the observed colonizing capacities of different mutant mice. Reduced production of CCL21 and CCL25 occurred in the thymus of the 3 EphB-deficient mice, but their expression, similar to that of P-selectin, on blood vessels, the method of entry of progenitor cells into the vascular thymus, only showed a significant reduction in EphB2−/− and EphB3−/− thymuses. Decreased migration into the EphB2−/− thymuses correlated also with reduced expression of both ephrinB1 and ephrinB2, without changes in the EphB2LacZ thymuses. In the EphB3−/− thymuses, only ephrinB1 expression appeared significantly diminished, confirming the relevance of forward signals mediated by the EphB2-ephrinB1 pair in cell recruitment into the adult thymus.