bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyvinylpyrrolidone‐Stabilized Blue‐Emitting Copper Nanoclusters as Fluorescence Probe for Selective Detection of Dopamine
Authors: Tian Miaomiao , Wang Ya , Liu Gang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDopamine (DA), a critical catecholamine in mammals, functions as a significant biological indicator for specific diseases. The precise and timely identification of DA is essential for disease monitoring and prevention. In this study, copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) were synthesized using polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as the protective ligand and L‐ascorbic acid (L‐AA) as the reducing agent via a simple hydrothermal process. The produced PVP−Cu NCs displayed strong blue emission at 427 nm when excited at 365 nm. In alkaline conditions, DA was able to selectively inhibit the fluorescence of PVP−Cu NCs. The investigation of the mechanism revealed that dopamine self‐polymerization resulted in the formation of polydopamine, which inhibited the emission of PVP−Cu NCs at 427 nm due to the inner filter effect (IFE). Based on the above phenomenon, a simple and selective analytical method for DA determination was developed. The fluorescence intensity of PVP−Cu NCs demonstrated a reliable response to DA concentrations within the range of 5 to 200 μM, with a detection limit (LOD) of 1.32 μM. The proposed method was successfully utilized for the precise detection of DA in human urine samples, indicating its potential application in biomedical dopamine detection.
A High Voltage Symmetric Supercapacitor Comprising Concentrated NaCl: PVA Electrolyte and Partially Reduced Graphene Oxide Electrodes
Authors: Shasti Mona , Hossein‐Babaei Faramarz 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStrategies to improve energy density in supercapacitors are mainly based on utilizing electrodes providing larger effective surfaces and electrolytes allowing op eration in wider voltage windows. Here, a water‐based, binder‐free, environmentally friendly, high voltage, and quasi‐solid‐state symmetric supercapacitor is presented comprising partially reduced graphene oxide active electrodes and concentrated NaCl: polyvinyl alcohol gel electrolyte. It is shown that the ionic diffusion through the electrode‐electrolyte interface is augmented by the partial reduction of the graphene oxide electrodes up to an optimum level. The safe operation voltage window is 4 V; the high field endurance is attributed to the ion‐saturated hydrogel electrolyte used. At a scan rate of 25 mV/s, the provided capacitance and stored energy are 0.1 F.cm−2 and 5.6 e−5 W.h.cm−2, respectively. The optimized device retains ~90 % of its initial capacitance after 1000 charge‐discharge cycles; no meaningful sign of degradation is detected afterwards up to the 2000 cycles examined. These results place further emphasis on the potentials of the gel polymer electrolytes in the fabrication of environmentally friendly supercapacitors. Our findings are anticipated to accelerate improvements in the properties of the graphene‐based electrodes, particularly in conjunction with the proposed electrolyte.
High‐Sensitive Uncooled Mid‐Wave Infrared Detector Based on TiS3 Nanoribbon
Authors: Cao Zhangyu , Ju Le , Wei Binbin , Wang Suofu , Wu Yanwei , Han Tao , Wei Xiangfei , Wang Wenhui , Li Feng , Shan Lei , Long Mingsheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHigh‐sensitive uncooled mid‐wave infrared (MWIR) photodetection with fast speed is highly desired for biomedical imaging, optical communication, and night vision technology. Low‐dimensional materials with low dark current and broadband photoresponse hold great promise for use in MWIR detection. Here, this study reports a high‐performance MWIR photodetector based on a titanium trisulfide (TiS3) nanoribbon. This device demonstrates an ultra‐broadband photoresponse ranging from the visible spectrum to the MWIR spectrum (405–4275 nm). In the MWIR spectral range, the photodetector achieves competitive high photoresponsivity (R) of 21.1 A W−1, and an impressive specific detectivity (D*) of 5.9 × 1010 cmHz1/2 W−1 in ambient air. Remarkably, the photoresponse speed in the MWIR with τr = 1.3 ms and τd = 1.5 ms is realized which is much faster than the thermal time constant of 15 ms. These findings pave the way for highly sensitive, room‐temperature MWIR photodetectors with exceptionally fast response speed.
Regulation of Interfacial Chemistry Enabling High‐Power Dual‐Ion Batteries at Low Temperatures
Authors: Lang Jihui , Liu Yuhan , Liu Qirong , Yang Juan , Yang Xinyu , Tang Yongbing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInterfacial chemistry plays a crucial role in determining the electrochemical properties of low‐temperature rechargeable batteries. Although existing interface engineering has significantly improved the capacity of rechargeable batteries operating at low temperatures, challenges such as sharp voltage drops and poor high‐rate discharge capabilities continue to limit their applications in extreme environments. In this study, an energy‐level‐adaptive design strategy for electrolytes to regulate interfacial chemistry in low‐temperature Li||graphite dual‐ion batteries (DIBs) is proposed. This strategy enables the construction of robust interphases with superior ion‐transfer kinetics. On the graphite cathode, the design endues the cathode interface with solvent/anion‐coupled interfacial chemistry, which yields an nitrogen/phosphor/sulfur/fluorin (N/P/S/F)‐containing organic‐rich interphase to boost anion‐transfer kinetics and maintains excellent interfacial stability. On the Li metal anode, the anion‐derived interfacial chemistry promotes the formation of an inorganic‐dominant LiF‐rich interphase, which effectively suppresses Li dendrite growth and improves the Li plating/stripping kinetics at low temperatures. Consequently, the DIBs can operate within a wide temperature range, spanning from −40 to 45 °C. At −40 °C, the DIB exhibits exceptional performance, delivering 97.4% of its room‐temperature capacity at 1 C and displaying an extraordinarily high‐rate discharge capability with 62.3% capacity retention at 10 C. This study demonstrates a feasible strategy for the development of high‐power and low‐temperature rechargeable batteries.
Sustaining Surface Lithiophilicity of Ultrathin Li‐Alloy Coating Layers on Current Collector for Zero‐Excess Li‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Seo Jiyeon , Lim Jihye , Chang Hongjun , Lee Jiwon , Woo Jiyun , Jung Injun , Kim Yechan , Kim Beomjun , Moon Janghyuk , Lee Hongkyung 
Published: July 2024

AbstractZero‐excess Li‐metal batteries (ZE‐LMBs) have emerged as the ultimate battery platform, offering an exceptionally high energy density. However, the absence of Li‐hosting materials results in uncontrolled dendritic Li deposition on the Cu current collector, leading to chronic loss of Li inventory and severe electrolyte decomposition, limiting its full utilization upon cycling. This study presents the application of ultrathin (≈50 nm) coatings comprising six metallic layers (Cu, Ag, Au, Pt, W, and Fe) on Cu substrates in order to provide insights into the design of Li‐depositing current collectors for stable ZE‐LMB operation. In contrast to non‐alloy Cu, W, and Fe coatings, Ag, Au, and Pt coatings can enhance surface lithiophilicity, effectively suppressing Li dendrite growth, thereby improving Li reversibility. Considering the distinct Li‐alloying behaviors, particularly solid‐solution and/or intermetallic phase formation, Pt‐coated Cu current collectors maintain surface lithiophilicity over repeated Li plating/stripping cycles by preserving the original coating layer, thereby attaining better cycling performance of ZE‐LMBs. This highlights the importance of selecting suitable Li‐alloy metals to sustain surface lithiophilicity throughout cycling to regulate dendrite‐less Li plating and improve the electrochemical stability of ZE‐LMBs.
“Lasagna”‐Structured SnS‐TaS2 Misfit Layered Sulfide for Capacitive and Robust Sodium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Pan Youtan , Chen Wen , Zheng Chong , Lv Zhuoran , Zhong Mengjuan , Hu Keyan , Huang Fuqiang , Dong Wujie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStannous sulfide (SnS), a conversion‐alloying type anode for sodium‐ion batteries, is strong Na+ storage activity, a low voltage platform, and high theoretical capacity. However, grain pulverization induced by intolerable volume change and phase aggregation causes quick capacity degradation and unsatisfactory rate capability. Herein, a novel “lasagna” strategy is developed by embedding a SnS layer into the interlayer of an electrochemically robust and electron‐active TaS2 to form a misfit layered (SnS)1.15TaS2 superlattice. For Na+ storage, the rationally designed (SnS)1.15TaS2 anode exhibits high specific capacity, excellent rate capability, and robust cycling stability (729 mAh cm−3 at 15 C after 2000 cycles). Moreover, the as‐assembled (SnS)1.15TaS2 || Na3V2(PO4)3 full cells achieve robust and fast Na+ storage performance with ≈100% capacity retention after 650 cycles at 15 C, which also demonstrates good low‐temperature performance at −20 °C with a capacity retention of 75% and 2 C high‐rate charge/discharge ability.
Quality Comparison Between Two Species of Artemisiae Scopariae Herba Through Qualitative Analysis of HPLC Fingerprint and Quantitative Analysis of 12 Representative Constituents
Authors: Wang Luyao , Geng Jiale , Li Chuanjuan , Zhou Rongrong , Dai Ying , Dou Zhihua 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTArtemisiae Scopariae Herba (Chinese name Yinchen), the dried aerial part of Artemisia capillaris Thunb. (A. capillaris) or Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit. (A. scoparia), is one of the most commonly used herbal drugs; the one harvested in the spring is habitually named “Mian Yinchen,” and the one harvested in the autumn is habitually named “Hua Yinchen,” but only the former is used in clinical practice in China. There are significant differences in quality between two species of A. Scopariae Herba and among A. Scopariae Herba from different harvest seasons and different producing areas, but the current comparative studies on the differences in quality of A. Scopariae Herba mainly focus on the latter; there are few comparative studies on the difference in quality between A. capillaris and A. scoparia. In this paper, the HPLC fingerprints of 13 batches of A. capillaris and 7 batches of A. scoparia harvested in spring were established, 21 common peaks in the fingerprints were demarcated, the constituents of these common peaks were identified by quadrupole‐TOF‐MS/MS, the chemical pattern recognition analysis, including hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, were conducted with the quantified peak areas of common peaks as variables, and the contents of 12 constituents unambiguously confirmed by reference substances in 20 batches of A. Scopariae Herba were determined. The results showed that there exist obvious differences in quality between two species of A. Scopariae Herba, and 3,4‐dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5‐dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5‐dicaffeoylquinic acid, and chlorogenic acid can be selectively used as markers to distinguish the two species of A. Scopariae Herba.
Formulation and Characterization of Ferrogels Based on Agar Gum and Octenyl Succinic Anhydride (OSA) Starch
Authors: Boulhaia Imene , Bañobre‐López Manuel , Moulai‐Mostefa Nadji 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPhysicochemical and rheological analyses are carried out on ferrogels based on Agar gum in combination with octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) starch in the presence of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with a stabilizing agent (PNiPAAm). The objective of this work is to prepare nanocapsules of MNPs coated with OSA starch present in a rigid network of Agar to obtain a nanocomposite gel (ferrogel). It is found that the effect of MNPs on the properties of ferrogels has a direct relationship with PNiPAAm/OSA starch interactions. The results obtained show that the ferrogels have stable thermal properties and a high melting point (99.7 °C) for high concentrations of MNPs (0.1%). The rheological properties show that this concentration (0.1%) has a negative effect on the crosslinking of Agar, therefore a drop in viscosity. In addition, it is shown that each pore comprises three populations of MNPs (primary: 3–4 nm, secondary: 6–9 nm, and clusters: ≥12 nm). Moreover, it is found that MNPs are coated with OSA starch. In addition, the prepared materials possess at low concentration of MNPs an interesting stiffness and uniform surface morphology with a minimum of clusters leading to stable systems that can be used as biomaterials in nanomedecine.
Simplified modified tension chord model: An alternative crack width calculation model to Eurocode 2 and fib model codes
Authors: Terjesen Otto , Kanstad Terje , Tan Reignard 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a new design code formulation for calculating crack widths for regular and more special reinforced concrete (RC) members. The more comprehensive Modified Tension Chord Model (MTCM) has been simplified (SMTCM) to facilitate an alternative method for calculating crack widths to Eurocode 2 and fib Model Codes. The model is based on mechanical principles without empirical modifications and is benchmarked against a previously published experimental crack width database. The SMTCM predicts crack widths quite as accurately as the MTCM and provides a broader range of applicability, such as for large covers and RC ties having arbitrary rebar configurations and thus a better crack width model than the current design codes for RC ties. In addition, there are no openings for ambiguous interpretations of the calculations, which can increase the risk of obtaining two different crack widths from two different designers. To further justify the SMTCM code formulation and concept, several RC ties with experimental crack width profiles were used and discussed. The results show a considerable difference between the crack width profile at the surface and at the reinforcement location, depending on the concrete cover and rebar size. These observations are interesting regarding durability design and requirements and show that the approach using a maximum design crack width at a specific surface as a decisive parameter should be further investigated, especially for large concrete covers.
Designing weakly and strongly solvating polymer electrolytes: Systematically boosting high‐voltage lithium metal batteries
Authors: Wang Tianyi , Zhang Yimeng , Huang Xueyan , Su Peifeng , Xiao Min , Wang Shuanjin , Huang Sheng , Han Dongmei , Meng Yuezhong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPractical high‐voltage lithium metal batteries hold promise for high energy density applications, but face stability challenges in electrolytes for both 4 V‐class cathodes and lithium anode. To address this, we delve into the positive impacts of two crucial moieties in electrolyte chemistry: fluorine atom (‐F) and cyano group (‐CN) on the electrochemical performance of polyether electrolytes and lithium metal batteries. Cyano‐bearing polyether electrolytes possess strong solvation, accelerating Li+ desolvation with minimal SEI impact. Fluorinated polyether electrolytes possess weak solvation, and stabilize the lithium anode via preferential decomposition of F‐segment, exhibiting nearly 6000‐h stable cycling of lithium symmetric cell. Furthermore, the electron‐withdrawing properties of ‐F and ‐CN groups significantly bolster the high‐voltage tolerance of copolymer electrolyte, extending its operational range up to 5 V. This advancement enables the development of 4 V‐class lithium metal batteries compatible with various cathodes, including 4.45 V LiCoO2, 4.5 V LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2, and 4.2 V LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2. These findings provide insights into design principles centered around polymer components for high‐performance polymer electrolytes.
A new cytotoxic saponin from the ethyl acetate extract of Myrsine semiserrata Wall
Authors: Nguyen Thi Binh Yen , Nguyen Thuy Linh , Vu Van Nam , Trieu Quy Hung , Doan Thi Mai Huong , Pham Van Cuong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMyrsine semiserrata Wall. (Primulaceae) is an evergreen shrub found in some Asian regions including Northern Vietnam, Southern China, India, Nepal, and Myanmar. Its bark and leaves are utilized in leather tanning while the fruit serves as a commonly used antiseptic agent. Phytochemical study on the ethyl acetate extract from the aerial parts of this plant led to the isolation of a new saponin 3‐O‐α‐L‐arabinopyranosyl juglangenin A (1) and four known triterpenes, lupeol acetate (2), taraxerone (3), cucurbitacin D (4), and cucurbitacin H (5). Their structures were proven by analyzing 1D, 2D NMR, and HR‐ESI‐MS spectroscopic techniques. All isolated compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity on human cancer cell lines: HepG2, KB, MCF7, and A549. Compounds 4 and 5 exhibited potent activity against HepG2 and KB cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 1.06 to 5.99 µm. Saponin substance 1 demonstrated action against all cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 74.26, 42.83, 40.65, and 70.82 µm, respectively.
The effects of drought on biodiversity in UK river ecosystems: Drying rivers in a wet country
Authors: Stubbington Rachel , England Judy , Sarremejane Romain , Watts Glenn , Wood Paul J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractClimate change is interacting with water resource pressures to alter the frequency, severity and spatial extent of drought, which can thus no longer be considered a purely natural hazard. Although particularly severe ecological impacts of drought have occurred in drylands, its effects on temperate ecosystems, including rivers, are also considerable. Extensive research spanning a diverse range of UK rivers offers an opportunity to place the effects of past drought in the context of intensifying climate change and to examine the likely effects of future drought in a typically cool, wet country. Here, drought manifests instream as deficits in surface water, modified flow velocities, and—increasingly—partial or complete drying of previously perennial and naturally non‐perennial reaches. As a result, drought causes declines in the taxonomic and functional biodiversity of freshwater communities including microorganisms, algae, plants, invertebrates and fish, altering ecological processes and associated benefits to people. Although freshwater communities have typically recovered quickly after previous UK droughts, an increase in drought extremity may compromise recovery following future events. The risk of droughts that push ecosystems beyond thresholds to persistent, species‐poor, functionally simplified states is increasing. Research and monitoring are needed to enable timely identification of rivers approaching such thresholds and thus to inform interventions that pull these ecosystems back from the brink. Management actions that support natural flow regimes and promote natural processes that diversify instream habitats, including drought refuges, are also crucial to support biodiversity within functional river ecosystems as they adapt to a changing world.This article is categorized under:
Water and Life > Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems
Water and Life > Stresses and Pressures on Ecosystems
Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness
The ethics of climate change loss and damage
Authors: Düvel Eike , García‐Portela Laura 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the last decade, the international community has become increasingly aware that some negative impacts of climate change cannot be prevented. During the COP19 in Warsaw in 2013, the parties who agreed to the Warsaw International Mechanism (WIM) acknowledged that there were already greater climate impacts than could be reduced by adaptation (UNFCCC, 2014). These impacts have been called “loss and damage”, and the policies and measures that deal with them are usually referred to as L&D, or L&D measures or policies. Since then, examples of loss and damage have unfortunately become abundant, but we lack a systematic approach to the ethical issues surrounding loss and damage. This article provides an overview of some of the ethical issues surrounding loss and damage in the context of climate change. We discuss what should count as loss and damage, how access to justice for loss and damage should be granted and their different rationale, as well as issues of noneconomic and nonanthropocentric loss and damage.This article is categorized under:
Climate, Nature, and Ethics > Ethics and Climate Change
Research on the relation between hydro‐chemical and geological characteristics in karst area: Case study in Zhong Liang Mountain, Southwest China
Authors: Jing Zhang , Ping Yang Lu , Qing Xie , Hang Guo , Xing Bing , Jun Wu Meng , Peng Cao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractKarst groundwater, which is one of most important drinking water sources, is vulnerable to be polluted as its closed hydraulic relation with surface water. Thus, it is very important to identify the groundwater source to control groundwater pollution. The Pearson correlation coefficient among major ions (Na + K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3−, SO42−, and Cl−) was employed to deduce the groundwater types in Zhong Liang Mountain, Southwest China. Then, the combined method of principal component analysis and cluster analysis were employed to identify the groundwater sources in a typical karst region of southwest China. The results shown that (1) the high positive correlation between cations and anions indicated the water–rock reaction of Ca‐HCO3, Ca‐SO4, (Na + K)‐Cl, and Mg‐SO4. (2) The major two principal components that would represent water–rock reaction of CaSO4 and Ca‐HCO3 would, respectively, explain 60.41% and 31.80% of groundwater information. (3) Based on the two principal components, 33 groundwater samples were clustered into eight groups through hierarchical clustering, each group has similar water–rock reaction. The findings would be employed to forecast the surge water, that was an important work for tunnel construction and operation.Practitioner Points
The components of groundwater was highly correlated with water–rock reaction.
The principal component analysis screens the types of groundwater.
The cluster analysis identifies the groundwater sources.
Analyzing the 3D Deformation Induced by Non-tidal Loading in GNSS Time Series in Finland
Authors: Ejigu Yohannes Getachew , Boy Jean-Paul , Raja-Halli Arttu , Khorrami Fatemeh , Naranen Jyri , Nordman Maaria 
Published: July 2024

AbstractImproving our understanding of non-tidal loading (NTL) in geodetic time series, especially at regional and local scales, holds paramount importance. This deeper comprehension enables accurate modeling and effective removal of NTL effects from the time series, consequently enhancing the overall stability and reliability of geodetic observations. In this study, we compared the performance of different loading products and investigated their impact on the 20-year time series of four permanent GNSS stations within the Finnish permanent GNSS network (FinnRef). We employed original GNSS time series data products generated by four different analysing centers. We qualitatively compared NTL corrections involving ten different combinations of different hydrological, non-tidal atmospheric, and non-tidal oceanic loading models to see how various loading configurations operate and how they affect the noise characteristics of GNSS 3D time series, and ultimately to figure out which models are the most realistic in Finland. We observed weighted RMS reduction rates of up to 20% for the vertical coordinate and up to 10% for the horizontal coordinate. Additionally, we identified a maximum annual amplitude reduction rate of 87.2%. The results demonstrate a substantial improvement through the integration of hydrological loading products derived from GRACE satellites in our study conducted over Finland.