bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individual Identification of Racehorses from Urine Samples Using a 26‐Plex Single‐Nucleotide Polymorphism Assay
Authors: Kakoi Hironaga , Kijima‐Suda Isao , Gawahara Hitoshi , Kinoshita Kenji , Tozaki Teruaki , Hirota Kei‐ichi , Yoshizawa Midori 
Published: October 2012

AbstractTo construct a system for identifying individual horses from urine samples that are submitted for postracing doping tests, we developed a genotyping assay based on 26‐plex single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). DNA was isolated from urine using a commercially available DNA/RNA extraction kit, and SNP genotyping was achieved with a SNaPshot™ technique. DNA profiles including 26 SNPs were acquired from urine samples and blood/hair samples. Within the studied Thoroughbred population, the 26‐plex assay showed a probability of identity of 5.80 × 10−11. Compared to the conventional short tandem repeat assay, the SNP assay used less DNA, and the rate of successful genotyping was improved to 97% using aliquots of horse urine as small as 140 μL. The urinary DNA could be successfully genotyped under proper storage concerning refrigeration or freeze–thawing. This SNP assay can be used for individual identification when suspicious results are obtained from horse doping tests.
The Influence of Footwear Sole Hardness on Slip Characteristics and Slip‐Induced Falls in Young Adults
Authors: Tsai Yi‐Ju , Powers Christopher M. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractTheoretically, a shoe that provides less friction could result in a greater slip distance and foot slipping velocity, thereby increasing the likelihood of falling. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sole hardness on the probability of slip‐induced falls. Forty young adults were randomized into a hard or a soft sole shoe group, and tested under both nonslippery and slippery floor conditions using a motion analysis system. The proportions of fall events in the hard‐ and soft‐soled shoe groups were not statistically different. No differences were observed between shoe groups for average slip distance, peak and average heel velocity, and center of mass slipping velocity. A strong association was found between slip distance and the fall probability. Our results demonstrate that the probability of a slip‐induced fall was not influenced by shoe hardness. Once a slip is induced, slip distance was the primary predictor of a slip‐induced fall.
Is there a need for keratinized mucosa around implants to maintain health and tissue stability?
Authors: Wennström Jan L. , Derks Jan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAimThe objective of the present review was to analyze the literature with regard to the need for keratinized mucosa around implants to maintain health and tissue stability.MethodsHuman and animal studies were identified through electronic and hand searches. Predetermined outcome measures were (i) implant loss, (ii) peri‐implant health, (iii) oral hygiene, (iv) soft‐tissue recession, (v) change in marginal bone level, and (vi) patient‐centered outcomes. With respect to outcome variables, change in “attachment level”, soft‐tissue recession and change in peri‐implant bone level were only retrieved from longitudinal studies. For remaining parameters, cross‐sectional studies were also considered.ResultsNineteen relevant publications were identified (17 human and 2 animal studies). Due to marked heterogeneity in study design and reported data, no statistical analysis of retrieved data was feasible. Twelve human studies reported plaque scores for sites with “adequate” (≥2 mm) and “inadequate” (<2 mm) width of keratinized mucosa, and in five studies, an “inadequate” width was associated with a significant higher plaque score. Half of the studies showed significantly higher bleeding scores at implants with < 2 mm of keratinized mucosa, while the majority of publications (8 of 10) found no differences for probing depths. Two of three longitudinal studies reporting on recessions described no long‐term differences with regard to the amount of keratinized mucosa. Evidence on the effect of keratinized mucosa on bone‐level changes or implant loss was scarce, and no conclusions could be drawn. No article reporting patient‐centered outcomes could be identified.ConclusionCollectively, the findings of this review show that evidence in support of the need for keratinized tissues around implants to maintain health and tissue stability is limited.
Non‐surgical therapy for the management of peri‐implantitis: a systematic review
Authors: Muthukuru Manoj , Zainvi Arbia , Esplugues Enrique O. , Flemmig Thomas F. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPeri‐implantitis is characterized by mucosal inflammation and loss of supporting peri‐implant bone.ObjectiveThe objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of non‐surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis.Materials and methodsMEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science were searched to identify randomized clinical trial studies that assessed non‐surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis with a minimum follow‐up period of 3 months.ResultsFrom a total of 29 abstracts, nine trials were included in this systematic review. Adjunctive local delivery of antibiotics, submucosal glycine powder air polishing, or Er:YAG laser treatment resulted in greater reduction in bleeding on probing compared with submucosal debridement using curettes with adjunctive irrigation with chlorhexidine. In addition, greater reductions in probing depths were found following adjunctive local delivery of antibiotics. The evidence neither supported nor refuted the clinical efficacy of submucosal debridement using curettes or ultrasonic scalers alone. No progressive bone loss was found following any of the assessed treatments over a maximum observation period of 12 months. Only two studies reported implant survival rates, which were 100% over 6 months.ConclusionsThe available evidence suggested that submucosal debridement with adjunctive local delivery of antibiotics, submucosal glycine powder air polishing, or Er:YAG laser treatment may reduce clinical signs of peri‐implant mucosal inflammation to a greater extent relative to submucosal debridement using curettes with adjunctive irrigation with chlorhexidine. Long‐term randomized controlled trials are needed to assess the efficacy of non‐surgical therapy on progressing bone loss, implant survival rates, and measures of oral health‐related quality of life.
Implants versus short‐span fixed bridges: survival, complications, patients' benefits. A systematic review on economic aspects
Authors: Scheuber Sybille , Hicklin Stefan , Brägger Urs 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAimTo systematically evaluate the existing evidence to answer the focused question: For a patient with a single tooth to be replaced, is the implant crown, based on economic considerations, preferred to a conventional fixed partial denture?Material and methodsPubMed MEDLINE, Cochrane‐Central and Embase databases were searched using an extended list of search terms related to economics, which were then combined with the terms “prosthodontics” and “dental implant.”ResultsThe combined search for the “economic terms” and “prosthodontics” revealed 904 titles. The combination with “dental implants” revealed 2039 titles. Based on the abstracts, 73 full text publications were evaluated and data comparing outcomes with FDPs and implant crowns were retrieved from 26 publications. Initial costs for single implant crowns and FDPs on teeth were similar, but varied between tariff systems. The conditions of neighboring teeth and of the alveolar ridge defined the complexity (costs) of the treatment. Failure rates reported with single implant crowns and FDPs on teeth were similar. The long‐term financial economic comparison showed a similar outcome for single implant crowns and FDPs.ConclusionOther factors than costs and survival rates such as patient or provider reported factors may be more decisive when choosing between implant crowns and FDPs on teeth. The utility for the patient to keep healthy adjacent teeth unprepared makes the implant crown more economic.
What is the optimal number of implants for removable reconstructions? A systematic review on implant‐supported overdentures
Authors: Roccuzzo Mario , Bonino Francesca , Gaudioso Luigi , Zwahlen Marcel , Meijer Henny J.A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this systematic review was to assess the optimal number of implants for removable reconstructions.Material and methodsMedline and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched and complemented by hand searching. All trials published in English to October 2011 were included, in which overdentures, supported by a various number of implants, in adult edentulous individuals were compared. Only randomized controlled trials with at least 12 months follow‐up were selected. The outcomes of interest were implant loss, the amount of peri‐implant bone loss, the incidence of complications and the patient satisfaction.ResultsNo articles were found providing information regarding the maxilla. Eleven studies on the mandible were included for the final comparative analysis. It was possible to make a comparison among four categories: (i) 1 vs. 2 implants; (ii) 2 implants with ball attachments vs. 4 implants with a bar; (iii) 2 implants with a bar vs. 4 implants with a bar; (iv) 2 implants splinted with a bar vs. 2 unsplinted implants.ConclusionFor the maxilla there are no studies, at the present time, that can be utilized to address the question of how many implants should support an overdenture. For the mandible, it cannot be concluded that bone loss, patient satisfaction, or number of complications is significantly related to the number of implants supporting the overdenture. Furthermore, splinting two implants does not seem to offer additional value. Well conducted research is needed to identify the prognostic factors for long‐term success.
Clinical advantages of computer‐guided implant placement: a systematic review
Authors: Hultin Margareta , Svensson Krister G. , Trulsson Mats 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectivesTo systematically scrutinize the current scientific literature regarding the clinical advantages of computer guidance of implant placement.Materials and methodsFour electronic databases were searched using specified indexing terms. The reference lists of publications were also searched manually. For inclusion, publications had to meet pre‐established criteria.ResultsThe searches yielded 1028 titles and abstracts. After data extraction and interpretation, 28 publications and 2 systematic reviews remained for inclusion. Fifteen studies were prospective observational and four were retrospective observational. Nine studies included a control group (controlled clinical trials) of which seven were prospective and two retrospective. Only three of the prospective studies were randomized (RCT's). A total of 852 patients were treated with 4032 implants using computer‐guided implant surgery. The number of patients included in each study ranged from 6 to 206. The age ranged from 16 to 92 years and the follow‐up period varied between 1 and 49 months.ConclusionsThe limited scientific evidence available suggests that guided placement has at least as good implant survival as conventional protocols. However, several unexpected procedure‐linked adverse events during guided implant placement indicate that the clinical demands on the surgeon were no less than those during conventional placement. A clinical advantage with flapless guided surgery is that the technique is likely to decrease pain and discomfort in the immediate postoperative period.
A systematic review of the survival and complication rates of implant‐supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) after a mean observation period of at least 5 years
Authors: Pjetursson Bjarni E. , Thoma Daniel , Jung Ronald , Zwahlen Marcel , Zembic Anja 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this systematic review was to assess the 5‐ and 10‐year survival of implant‐supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) and to describe the incidence of biological and technical complications.MethodsAn electronic Medline search complemented by manual searching was conducted to identify prospective and retrospective cohort studies and case series on FDPs with a mean follow‐up time of at least 5 years. Patients had to have been examined clinically at the follow‐up visit. Failure and complication rates were analyzed using standard and random‐effects Poisson regression models to obtain summary estimates of 5‐year and 10‐year survival and complication rates.ResultsThe updated search provided 979 titles and 257 abstracts. Full‐text analysis was performed for 90 articles resulting in a total 32 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Meta‐analysis of these studies indicated an estimated survival of implants supporting FDPs of 95.6% after 5 years and 93.1% after 10 years. When machined surface implants were excluded from the analysis and only rough surface implants included, the survival rate increased to 97.2% after 5 years. The survival rate of implant‐supported FDPs was 95.4% after 5 years and 80.1% after 10 years of function. When the analysis was done exclusively for metal–ceramic FDPs, hence the old gold–acrylic FDPs were excluded, the survival rate increased significantly. The survival rate of metal–ceramic implant‐supported FDPs was 96.4% after 5 years and 93.9% after 10 years. Only 66.4% of the patients were free of any complications after 5 years. The most frequent complications over the 5‐year observation period were fractures of the veneering material (13.5%), peri‐implantitis and soft tissue complications (8.5%), loss of access hole restoration (5.4%), abutment or screw loosening (5.3%), and loss of retention of cemented FDPs (4.7%).ConclusionIt may be concluded that implant‐supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) are a safe and predictable treatment method with high survival rates. However, biological and technical complications were frequent (33.6%). To minimize the incidence of complications, dental professionals should make great effort in choosing reliable components and materials for implant‐supported FDPs and the patients should be placed in well‐structured maintenance system after treatment.
Systematic review of the survival rate and the incidence of biological, technical, and aesthetic complications of single crowns on implants reported in longitudinal studies with a mean follow‐up of 5 years
Authors: E. Jung Ronald , Zembic Anja , Pjetursson Bjarni E. , Zwahlen Marcel , S. Thoma Daniel 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the 5‐year survival of implant‐supported single crowns (SCs) and to describe the incidence of biological, technical, and aesthetic complications. The focused question was: What is the survival rate of implants supporting single crowns and implant‐supported crowns with a mean follow‐up of 5 years and to which extent do biological, technical, and aesthetic complications occur?MethodsA Medline search (2006–2011) was performed for clinical studies focusing on implant‐supported SCs with a mean follow‐up of at least 5 years. The search was complemented by an additional hand search and the inclusion of 24 studies from a previous systematic review (Jung et al. 2008a). Survival and complication rates were analyzed using random‐effects Poisson's regression models to obtain summary estimates of 5‐ and 10‐year proportions.ResultsForty‐six studies derived from an initial search count of 1083 titles and the complementary publications from the previous systematic review (Jung et al. 2008a) were selected and the data were extracted. Based on the meta‐analysis, survival of implants supporting SCs at 5 years amounted to 97.2% (95% CI: 96.3–97.9%), and at 10 years amounted to 95.2% (95% CI: 91.8–97.2%). The survival of implant‐supported SCs was 96.3% (95% CI: 94.2–97.6%) after 5 years and 89.4% (95% CI: 82.8–93.6%) after 10 years. For biological complications, a 5‐year cumulative soft tissue complication rate of 7.1% (95% CI: 4.4–11.3%) and a cumulative complication rate for implants with bone loss >2 mm of 5.2% (95% CI: 3.1–8.6%) were calculated. Technical complications reached a cumulative incidence of 8.8% (95% CI: 5.1–15.0%) for screw‐loosening, 4.1% (95% CI: 2.2–7.5%) for loss of retention, and 3.5% (95% CI: 2.4–5.2%) for fracture of the veneering material after 5 years. The cumulative 5‐year aesthetic complication rate amounted to 7.1% (95% CI: 3.6–13.6%).ConclusionsThe outcomes of the meta‐analysis demonstrated high implant survival rates for both the single tooth implants and the respective single crowns after 5 and 10 years. However, technical, biological, and aesthetic complications were frequent.
What is the optimal number of implants for fixed reconstructions: a systematic review
Authors: Heydecke Guido , Zwahlen Marcel , Nicol Ailsa , Nisand Davide , Payer Michael , Renouard Frank , Grohmann Philipp , Mühlemann Sven , Joda Tim 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the 5‐year and 10‐year survival and complication rates of implant‐supported fixed reconstructions in partially and totally edentulous patients with regard to the optimal number and distribution of dental implants.Material and MethodsThis review was designed as a systematic review of the literature. A search strategy was developed and executed using an electronic and selective hand search for English‐language articles in Dental Journals limited to human clinical trials. Search terms were grouped into categories for “problem” – “intervention” – “outcome”. For articles retrieved by this search, abstracts were screened by two reviewers based on the inclusion criteria. Selected articles were then obtained in full texts. Finally, the selection based on inclusion/exclusion criteria was repeated for the full‐text articles.ResultsOf the 210 titles retrieved by the search, 51 were selected for full‐text review based on the information given in the abstract. From the full‐text articles, a total of nine studies were included for this systematic review. In meta‐analysis, prosthetic survival rates over 5 and 10 years for partial Fixed Dental Prostheses (FDPs) on two to four implants were estimated as 98.9% (95% CI: 98.5–99.2%) and as 97.8% (95% CI: 96.9–98.4%) respectively. A survival rate for maxillary Full‐Arch Fixed Dental Prostheses (FAFDPs) on four to six implants after 5 years was assessed as 97.5% (95% CI: 94.1–98.9%) and a survival rate after 10 years as 95.0% (95% CI: 88.5–97.9%). The result for the survival rates in case of mandibular FAFDPs on four to six implants after 5 years was 97.9% (95% CI: 96.3–98.8%) and after 10 years 95.9% (95% CI: 92.8–97.7%). Specific implant‐to‐replaced‐unit‐ratios were not available in any of the studies.ConclusionFor implant‐supported FAFDPs, using 4–6 implants is a well‐documented treatment option with high estimated 5‐year survival of the construction. It is unclear whether three implants for supporting a FAFDP will achieve similar survival rates. The RCTs needed that report implant‐to‐replaced‐units‐ratios for partial FDPs and include 3 vs. 4–6 implants for supporting a FAFDP in the mandible.
Systematic review of the survival rate and the biological, technical, and aesthetic complications of fixed dental prostheses with cantilevers on implants reported in longitudinal studies with a mean of 5 years follow‐up
Authors: Romeo E. , Storelli S. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectiveA systematic review was carried out to evaluate the success and survival rate of implants supporting cantilever prosthesis, as well as the incidence of technical and biological complications.Material and MethodsA MEDLINE search was conducted up to December 2011 for studies with a mean follow‐up of 5 years or more. Two independent reviewers screened the retrieved articles and extracted the data independently. Data on survival, failure, mechanical/technical and biological complications were analyzed.ResultsOne‐hundred and sixty articles were selected as abstract. Only 18 underwent a full‐text analysis and only six were included in the study. The estimated cumulative survival rate of implants supporting cantilevered prosthesis was 98.9% (95% CI: 97.4–99.5%), whereas ICFDP survival was estimated to be about 97.1% (95% CI: 90.1–99.2%). Implant failures before prosthetic delivery were not considered.Biological complications were estimated to be 5.7% (95% CI: 4.2–7.6%) at implant level after 5 years.Technical complications were analyzed: the most common complications were veneer fractures (5‐year estimate: 10.1%; 95% CI: 3.7–16.5%) and abutment screw fractures (5‐year estimate: 1.6%; 95% CI: 0.8–3.5%). Decementation and screw loosening were estimated to be at 5 years 5.9% (95% CI: 1.7–16.8%) and 7.9% (95% CI: 3.2–18.2%), respectively. Implant fracture was rare (5‐year estimate: 0.7%; 95% CI: 0.1–4.7%); no framework fracture was reported. Radiographic bone level changes did not yield statistically significant differences. No aesthetic outcome was reported.ConclusionsICFDPS can be considered a reliable treatment: the systematic review assessed that there is no increase in complication rate due to the presence of the cantilever.
Computer‐guided implant therapy and soft‐ and hard‐tissue aspects. The Third EAO Consensus Conference 2012
Authors: Sicilia Alberto , Botticelli Daniele ,   Working Group 3
Published: October 2012

AbstractIntroductionThe objectives of this working group were to update the existing knowledge base in computer‐guided implant treatment (accuracy and clinical advantages), to search for scientific evidence on the need for keratinized tissue around implants, and to review recent literature in the search for new insights into ridge preservation after tooth extraction.Material and methodsThe literature was systematically searched and critically reviewed. Four manuscripts were prepared, three systematic and one narrative review, that allowed the group to develop evidence‐based conclusions, as well as clinical implications and recommendations for future research.ResultsThe results and conclusions of the reviews were presented in the following papers:

Van Assche et al. () Accuracy of computer‐aided implant placement.

Hultin et al. () Clinical advantages of computer‐guided implant placement: a systematic review.

Wennström & Derks () Is there a need for keratinized mucosa around implants to maintain health and tissue stability?

Wang & Lang () Ridge preservation after tooth extraction.

The group's consensus statements, clinical implications and implications for future research are presented in this article.
Surgical therapy for the control of peri‐implantitis
Authors: Renvert Stefan , Polyzois Ioannis , Claffey Noel 
Published: October 2012

AbstractMaterial and methodsArticles on surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis in humans published up to December 2011 were included.ResultsTwenty‐six studies were selected, thus limiting the available evidence. There is marked heterogeneity between study designs and case definitions for peri‐implantitis in the studies cited, limiting the generalization of the reported results. Adjunctive systemic antibiotics were used in most studies, but no study evaluated the adjunctive benefit of systemic antibiotics.Access flap surgery, removal of granulation tissue and implant surface decontamination has been demonstrated to decrease plaque index, BOP, suppuration, probing depths and to arrest bone loss for 58% of implant sites over 5 years. Laser treatment of the exposed implant surface during surgery was not shown to be beneficial.Available data indicate that it is possible to obtain defect fill of peri‐implantitis defects following surgical‐treatment modalities with concomitant placement of bone or bone substitutes in such defects. However, there is lack of evidence that placement of membranes in addition to grafting procedures provides any additional defect fill.ConclusionsSurgical therapy for treating peri‐implantitis is a predictable method for treating peri‐implant disease and patients receiving this therapy have benefited from it in the short term.