bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prognostic value of E‐cadherin in gastric cancer: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Xing XiangBin , Tang Yong‐Bo , Yuan Gang , Wang YongFei , Wang JinHui , Yang Yang , Chen MinHu 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe prognostic impact of E‐cadherin downregulation in gastric cancer has been assessed for years while the results are controversial and heterogeneous. We thus comprehensively reviewed the evidence for evaluation of E‐cadherin expression in gastric cancer to determine this effect. We searched PubMed and Embase to identify eligible studies, and 26 studies comprising 4,383 gastric cancer patients were included to assess the association between E‐cadherin immunohistochemical expression and overall survival (OS) and clinicopathological characteristics. Summary hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated to estimate the effect. We also performed meta‐regression and subgroup analysis according to study location, publication year, number of patients, quality score of studies and cut‐off value. Reduced E‐cadherin expression was significantly correlated with poor OS of gastric cancer patients (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.34–1.96). Subgroup analysis indicated that E‐cadherin low‐expression had an unfavorable impact on OS in Asian patients (HR 1.87, 95% CI 1.45–2.41). Moreover, downregulation of E‐cadherin was significantly associated with TNM stage (OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.85–3.43), the depth of invasion (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.39–2.90), lymph node metastasis (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.68–3.40), distant metastasis (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.21–4.11), grade of differentiation (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.60–3.21), vascular invasion (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.10–3.13) and histological type of gastric cancer (OR 4.22, 95% CI 2.96–6.02). This meta‐analysis revealed that E‐cadherin expression might be a predicative factor of poor prognosis for gastric cancer particularly in Asia.
Psychological factors predict local and referred experimental muscle pain: A cluster analysis in healthy adults
Authors: Lee J.E. , Watson D. , Frey‐Law L.A. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies suggest an underlying three‐ or four‐factor structure explains the conceptual overlap and distinctiveness of several negative emotionality and pain‐related constructs. However, the validity of these latent factors for predicting pain has not been examined.MethodsA cohort of 189 (99 female, 90 male) healthy volunteers completed eight self‐report negative emotionality and pain‐related measures (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire – Revised, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Fear of Pain Questionnaire; Somatosensory Amplification Scale, Anxiety Sensitivity Index and Whiteley Index). Using principal axis factoring, three primary latent factors were extracted: general distress, catastrophic thinking and pain‐related fear. Using these factors, individuals clustered into three subgroups of high, moderate and low negative emotionality responses. Experimental pain was induced via intramuscular acidic infusion into the anterior tibialis muscle, producing local (infusion site) and/or referred (anterior ankle) pain and hyperalgesia.ResultsPain outcomes differed between clusters (multivariate analysis of variance and multinomial regression), with individuals in the highest negative emotionality cluster reporting the greatest local pain (p = 0.05), mechanical hyperalgesia (pressure pain thresholds; p = 0.009) and greater odds (2.21 odds ratio) of experiencing referred pain when compared to the lowest negative emotionality cluster.ConclusionOur results provide support for three latent psychological factors explaining the majority of the variance between several pain‐related psychological measures, and that individuals in the high negative emotionality subgroup are at increased risk for (1) acute local muscle pain; (2) local hyperalgesia; and (3) referred pain using a standardized nociceptive input.
The influence of environmental factors on bone tissue engineering
Authors: Szpalski Caroline , Sagebin Fabio , Barbaro Marissa , Warren Stephen M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBone repair and regeneration are dynamic processes that involve a complex interplay between the substrate, local and systemic cells, and the milieu. Although each constituent plays an integral role in faithfully recreating the skeleton, investigators have long focused their efforts on scaffold materials and design, cytokine and hormone administration, and cell‐based therapies. Only recently have the intangible aspects of the milieu received their due attention. In this review, we highlight the important influence of environmental factors on bone tissue engineering. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2013.
Carbamate Protection of AChE Against Inhibition by Agricultural Chemicals
Authors: Wilson Barry W. , Rusli Francisca J. , Yan Tam Michelle Ka , DePeters Ed , Henderson John D. 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTThe carbamate pyridostigmine bromide has been used as a pretreatment to protect individuals from the nerve agent soman. Previous research showed that pyridostigmine significantly protected human muscle acetylcholinesterase in vitro from soman and bovine red blood cell acetylcholinesterase from some organophosphorous pesticides. Research presented here demonstrates that pretreatment with other carbamates also protects acetylcholinesterase from inhibition by the pesticides chlorpyrifos‐oxon and diazinon‐oxon, but not from malaoxon. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 26:506‐509, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21456
Linear and nonlinear free energy relationships in nucleophilic substitution reaction of 2‐bromo‐5‐nitrothiophene with morpholine
Authors: Harifi‐Mood Ali Reza , Mousavi‐Tekmedash Ali 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe reaction of 2‐bromo‐5‐nitrothiophene with morpholine was studied as an aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction in various compositions of methanol with ethyl acetate and aqueous solution of methanol, ethanol, and propane‐2‐ol at 25°C. The second‐order rate coefficients of the reaction were spectrophotometerically determined. It was shown that a mounting trend with the mole fraction of water in aqueous solution of alcohols and a mild decreasing with the mole fraction of ethyl acetate in methanol–ethyl acetate mixtures. Solvent effect investigations based on linear free energy relationship (LFER) confirm that polarity has a major effect, whereas the hydrogen‐bond donor and acceptor abilities of the media have a minor effect on the reaction rate. A nonlinear free energy relationship based on preferential solvation hypothesis showed differences between the microsphere solvation of the solute and the bulk composition of the solvents, and nonideal behavior was observed in the trend of rate coefficients, which was consistent with LFER results. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 45: 59–67, 2013
Unique Recovery Behavior in Amorphous Shape‐Memory Polymer Networks
Authors: Yakacki Christopher M. , Ortega Alicia M. , Frick Carl P. , Lakhera Nishant , Xiao Rui , Nguyen Thao D. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractShape‐memory polymers (SMPs) have emerged as a multi‐functional materials platform and have been proposed for a variety of applications ranging from simple actuators to biomedical devices. The shape‐memory cycle is demonstrated through a three‐step process of programming, storage, and recovery. In this paper, recent findings that associate each step of the shape‐memory cycle to unique recovery behavior are highlighted. The article focuses on the influence of deformation temperature, long‐term storage (physical aging), partially constrained recovery, and mechanically driven recovery with respect to shape‐memory behavior. magnified image
DNA microarray analysis identified molecular pathways mediating the effects of supplementation of branched‐chain amino acids on CCl4‐induced cirrhosis in rats
Authors: Jia Huijuan , Takahashi Shoko , Saito Kenji , Kato Hisanori 
Published: November 2012

ScopeThis study addresses the effects of branched‐chain amino acids (BCAA) on global gene expression in liver and skeletal muscle and the molecular mechanisms underlying the improvement in liver cirrhosis using DNA microarray analysis combined with RNase protection assay.Methods and resultsMale Wistar rats administered carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) repeatedly for 19 weeks as a decompensated cirrhosis model were thereafter given BCAA‐enriched diet (AL) or normal diet (LC) for 5 weeks. The control‐diet rats without CCl4 administration were used as a normal control group. Gene expression in AL was reversed by twofold greater than in LC in the microarray were selected to elucidate the improvements in nutritional and metabolic disorders. Downregulation of fatty acid translocase (FAT)/Cd36, glutamine synthetase, and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzyme 4 is believed to promote lower uptake of fatty acids, lower ammonia incorporation, and higher uptake of glucose, and thus to provide an energy source without using BCAA. Ultimately, the catabolism of BCAA and skeletal muscle protein would be slowed, maintaining BCAA concentrations in blood.ConclusionWe established, for the first time, the regulatory gene pathways of processes involved in hepatic fibrosis and energy metabolism (hypoalbuminemia, hyperammonemia, and carbohydrate catabolism, and their relationships) under BCAA supplementation.
Choice of the denominator in case population studies: event rates for registration for liver transplantation after exposure to NSAIDs in the SALT study in France
Authors: Moore Nicholas , Gulmez Sinem Ezgi , Larrey Dominique , Pageaux Georges‐Philippe , Lignot Séverine , Lassalle Régis , Jové Jérémy , Pariente Antoine , Blin Patrick , Bénichou Jacques , Bégaud Bernard 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTPurposeThe effect of denominator options on event rates was tested on the French part of the Study of Acute Liver Transplant (SALT).MethodsSALT is a case population study of acute liver failure registered for transplantation (ALFT), exposed to non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or non‐overdose paracetamol, from 2005 to 2007. Population exposure was computed from the Intercontinental Medical Services' (IMS) and the French national healthcare insurance system's data as the number of defined daily doses (DDDs) sold or dispensed and the number of exposed patients.ResultsNine ALFT cases were exposed to 10 NSAIDs and 49 to non‐overdose paracetamol. NSAID sales ranged from 0.04 billion (niflumic acid) to 0.5 billion (ibuprofen) DDDs, amounting to 2.5 billion DDDs for all NSAIDs. The mean per‐person exposure ranged from 13.1 (niflumic acid) to 43.2 (ketoprofen) DDDs, reaching 60.5 DDDs for any NSAID. The number of users ranged from 2 million (niflumic acid) to 13 million (ibuprofen), which was 26.6 million for all NSAIDs. The ALFT rates per billion DDDs ranged from 0 to 26 for individual NSAIDs and amounted to 4.6 for all NSAIDs. The ALFT rates per billion DDDs were inversely correlated with the average per‐patient exposure (R2 = 0.935, p = 0.0016). The ALFT rates per million users ranged from 0.31 to 0.49, which was 0.41 for all NSAIDs, with no difference between drugs and no effect of mean per‐patient exposure (R2 = 0.01, p = 0.9). Whether measured per DDD or per user, the event rate with paracetamol was three to five times higher than with NSAIDs.ConclusionALFT risk with NSAID seems to be user dependent rather than person‐time (exposure) dependent. Choosing the wrong denominator in case population studies might give erroneous results. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation and Characterization of Energetic Crystals with Nanoparticle Inclusions
Authors: Reese David A. , Son Steven F. , Groven Lori J. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractEnergetic crystals with nanoparticle inclusions were preparated and characterized, focusing on the nanosized iron(III) oxide‐ammonium perchlorate system, generated using an ethyl acetate/acetone antisolvent:solvent system. It is shown that capture is dependent on antisolvent‐to‐solvent ratio; increased quantities of antisolvent lead to faster nucleation rates, smaller crystals, and improved capture. Additionally, the crystal habit formation is modified by the addition of nanoparticles, resulting in highly uniform rod‐like crystal structures. Results with nanoaluminum‐ammonium perchlorate and nanoaluminum‐cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) systems have shown similar capture behavior.
Do Eu dopants prefer the precipitated LaF3 nanocrystals in glass ceramics?
Authors: Jiang Nan , Zhou Shifeng , Su Dong , Qiu Jianrong 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPrevious experimental results, using techniques associated with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), suggested that rare‐earth dopants prefer the precipitated fluoride nanocrystals to the glass matrix. By contrast, this work shows that contradicting results can be obtained under different experimental conditions. In the silicate glass containing LaF3 nanocrystals, the Eu dopants distribute indistinguishably in the precipitated LaF3 and the silicate glass matrix. However, electron beam exposure during the measurement can relocate Eu, leading to the false conclusion that apparently Eu prefers the precipitated LaF3 nanoparticles to the glass matrix. Fortunately, the artefact can be avoided by shortening the exposure time. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An evolutionary multi‐issue negotiation model
Authors: Hossain Md. Tofazzal , Mabu Shingo , Hirasawa Kotaro 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIntelligent agents are a promising development in improving the effectiveness of automated negotiations in the present complex business environments. Much research has been done that deal with a single issue, usually price, in a bilateral negotiation environment. On the other hand, in some studies on multiple issues, agents usually propose a combined offer on all the issues, or settle the negotiation issue by issue. We find that the combined offer on multiple issues is like a single‐issue negotiation. Issue‐by‐issue settlement can be considered as a series of single‐issue negotiations. Therefore a multi‐issue negotiation model is proposed in this paper in which multiple issues are a part of the negotiation process, not like a single‐issue settlement or combined offer on multiple issues. In the simulations, three issues, i.e. price, delivery time, and warranty, are considered, although it is possible to include more issues through the proposed system. In the simulations, a newly developed evolutionary computing technique called genetic network programming (GNP) is used and the characteristics and behaviors of agents are analyzed. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed system, the results of the proposed system are compared with those of conventional negotiation systems. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
‘Conchae bullosis’: a rare case with bilateral triple turbinate pneumatisations
Authors: Ozturan O , Yenigun A , Degirmenci N , Yilmaz F 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackground:Concha bullosa is the pneumatisation of intranasal conchae (usually the middle turbinate, and rarely the inferior or superior turbinate); however, the term is generally used to describe aeration of the middle concha. Superior concha bullosa is a rare finding, and only a few cases of inferior concha bullosa have been reported in the medical literature. When symptomatic, concha bullosa may cause various problems including nasal congestion, headache, postnasal drip, anosmia and, sometimes, epiphora.Methodology:Computed tomography, following history-taking and physical examination, is a valuable tool in diagnosing turbinate pneumatisation. This article presents a very rare case with bilateral triple conchae pneumatisations.Results:The symptomatology, diagnosis and treatment options for cases of multiple concha bullosa are discussed. The surgical interventions performed in the presented case are briefly described.Conclusion:The presented patient had pneumatisation of all six turbinates. In such cases, we propose that this condition be termed ‘conchae bullosis’ rather than ‘conchae bullosa’, in a similar fashion to the use of nasal polyposis as the plural form of nasal polyp.
What's so insidious about “Peace, Love, and Understanding”? A system justification perspective
Authors: Jost John T. , Stern Chadly , Kalkstein David A. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe agree that promoting intergroup harmony “carries insidious, often unacknowledged, ‘system-justifying’ consequences” (sect. 4.1.3, para. 2) and identify several ways in which “benevolent” and “complementary” stereotypes, superordinate identification, intergroup contact, and prejudice reduction techniques can undermine social change motivation by reinforcing system-justifying beliefs. This may “keep the peace,” but it also prevents individuals and groups from tackling serious social problems, including inequality and oppression.
The dangers of prejudice reduction interventions: Empirical evidence from encounters between Jews and Arabs in Israel
Authors: Maoz Ifat 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThis commentary focuses on Dixon et al.'s discussion on the dangers of employing prejudice-reduction interventions that seek to promote intergroup harmony in historically unequal societies. Specifically, it illustrates these dangers by discussing my work in Israel (now mentioned in Dixon et al.'s note 6) on the processes and practices through which reconciliation-aimed encounters between Jews and Arabs mitigate sociopolitical change.
Beyond prejudice to prejudices
Authors: Schaller Mark , Neuberg Steven L. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractDifferent groups, because they are perceived to pose different threats, elicit different prejudices. Collective action by disadvantaged groups can amplify the perception of specific threats, with predictable and potentially counterproductive consequences. It is important to carefully consider the threat-based psychology of prejudice(s) before implementing any strategy intended to promote positive social change.
A survey of frequent subgraph mining algorithms
Authors: Jiang Chuntao , Coenen Frans , Zito Michele 
Published: November 2012

AbstractGraph mining is an important research area within the domain of data mining. The field of study concentrates on the identification of frequent subgraphs within graph data sets. The research goals are directed at: (i) effective mechanisms for generating candidate subgraphs (without generating duplicates) and (ii) how best to process the generated candidate subgraphs so as to identify the desired frequent subgraphs in a way that is computationally efficient and procedurally effective. This paper presents a survey of current research in the field of frequent subgraph mining and proposes solutions to address the main research issues.
Nanomorphology of P3HT:PCBM-Based Absorber Layers of Organic Solar Cells after Different Processing Conditions Analyzed by Low-Energy Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Pfaff Marina , Klein Michael F.G. , Müller Erich , Müller Philipp , Colsmann Alexander , Lemmer Uli , Gerthsen Dagmar 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn this study the nanomorphology of P3HT:PC61BM absorber layers of organic solar cells was studied as a function of the processing parameters and for P3HT with different molecular weight. For this purpose we apply scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) at low electron energies in a scanning electron microscope. This method exhibits sensitive material contrast in the high-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) mode, which is well suited to distinguish materials with similar densities and mean atomic numbers. The images taken with low-energy HAADF STEM are compared with conventional transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy images to illustrate the capabilities of the different techniques. For the interpretation of the low-energy HAADF STEM images, a semiempirical equation is used to calculate the image intensities. The experiments show that the nanomorphology of the P3HT:PC61BM blends depends strongly on the molecular weight of the P3HT. Low-molecular-weight P3HT forms rod-like domains during annealing. In contrast, only small globular features are visible in samples containing high-molecular-weight P3HT, which do not change significantly after annealing at 150°C up to 30 min.
Thermodynamic model for partial melting of peridotite by system energy minimization
Authors: Ueki K. , Iwamori H. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe present a new straightforward algorithm that calculates the energy minimization of a melt‐present system and incorporates newly calibrated silicate melt thermodynamic parameters. This algorithm searches for equilibrium phase assemblages, fractions, and compositions that lead to the system having a global minimum of total Gibbs free energy (G). It calculates changes in G with respect to minimal amounts of dissolution or solidification of melt and solid end‐member components using a constant bulk composition constraint. In addition, we have formulated a set of solid‐melt end‐member components and dissolution‐precipitation stoichiometry that enables the modeling of a melt‐present system. Melt thermodynamic properties are calibrated based on an ideal mixing model using ΔCp and ΔV (the differences in molar specific heat and volume between the corresponding melt and solid end‐member components, respectively), based on solid properties established during previous studies. We also describe the application of the energy minimization algorithm and thermodynamic melt parameters to melting of spinel lherzolite at 1 GPa, in a SiO2–Al2O3–FeO–Fe3O4–MgO–CaO system, including olivine, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, and spinel. Our calculations agree well with experimentally determined melting phase relations, and temperature and phase fraction relationships, including solidus temperatures, indicating that direct calibration of thermodynamic melt parameters at pressures and temperatures corresponding to melting conditions is a useful approach. The energy minimization algorithm and thermodynamic configuration presented here will allow the modeling of mantle melting in a variety of geodynamic settings.