bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women Working “Amidst the Mad”: Domesticity as Psychiatric Treatment in Nineteenth-Century Paris
Authors: Hewitt Jessie 
Published: January 2015

This article examines the role of women in the direction of private mental institutions owned by the Brierre de Boismont family in nineteenth-century Paris, arguing that the cultural elevation of domesticity sanctioned the participation of Athalie Brierre de Boismont and her daughter, Marie Rivet, in asylum operations despite proscriptions against elite women’s labor. Alexandre Brierre de Boismont and his family lived alongside their patients and integrated them into the household routine in hopes that this would encourage those deemed insane to return to rationality. As exemplars of ideal womanhood, the Brierre de Boismont women were central to the enactment of the treatment process. While their activities in the family’s asylums often perpetuated gender values that naturalized the division of the public and private spheres, they also called attention to the artificiality of such beliefs by performing domesticity in an environment so unlike the typical bourgeois home.
Cet article examine le rôle des femmes dans la direction des institutions psychiatriques privées appartenant à la famille Brierre de Boismont à Paris au dix-neuvième siècle, en argumentant que la promotion culturelle de la domesticité a permis la participation d’Athalie Brierre de Boismont et sa fille, Marie Rivet, dans les opérations de l’asile malgré les proscriptions contre le travail imposées sur les femmes élites. Le médecin Alexandre Brierre de Boismont et sa famille habitaient aux côtés de leurs patients et les intégraient dans la routine ménagère quotidienne dans l’espoir que cela encouragerait ceux qui étaient jugés fous à revenir à la raison. En tant que modèles de la féminité idéale, Athalie Brierre de Boismont et sa fille étaient au centre de la mise en œuvre du processus de traitement. Même si leurs activités au sein des asiles dirigées par la famille perpétuaient souvent des valeurs sexuées naturalisant la division entre la sphère publique et la sphère privée, elles ont également mis l’accent sur le caractère artificiel de ces croyances en incarnant la domesticité dans un environnement si différent de celui de la maison bourgeoise typique.
Streamwise vortices destabilize swimming bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus)
Authors: Maia Anabela , Sheltzer Alex P. , Tytell Eric D. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
In their natural environment, fish must swim stably through unsteady flows and vortices, including vertical vortices, typically shed by posts in a flow, horizontal cross-flow vortices, often produced by a step or a waterfall in a stream, and streamwise vortices, where the axis of rotation is aligned with the direction of the flow. Streamwise vortices are commonly shed by bluff bodies in streams and by ships' propellers and axial turbines, but we know little about their effects on fish. Here, we describe how bluegill sunfish use more energy and are destabilized more often in flow with strong streamwise vorticity. The vortices were created inside a sealed flow tank by an array of four turbines with similar diameter to the experimental fish. We measured oxygen consumption for seven sunfish swimming at 1.5 body lengths (BL) s−1 with the turbines rotating at 2 Hz and with the turbines off (control). Simultaneously, we filmed the fish ventrally and recorded the fraction of time spent maneuvering side-to-side and accelerating forward. Separately, we also recorded lateral and ventral video for a combination of swimming speeds (0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 BL s−1) and turbine speeds (0, 1, 2 and 3 Hz), immediately after turning the turbines on and 10 min later to test for accommodation. Bluegill sunfish are negatively affected by streamwise vorticity. Spills (loss of heading), maneuvers and accelerations were more frequent when the turbines were on than in the control treatment. These unsteady behaviors, particularly acceleration, correlated with an increase in oxygen consumption in the vortex flow. Bluegill sunfish are generally fast to recover from roll perturbations and do so by moving their pectoral fins. The frequency of spills decreased after the turbines had run for 10 min, but was still markedly higher than in the control, showing that fish partially adapt to streamwise vorticity, but not completely. Coping with streamwise vorticity may be an important energetic cost for stream fishes or migratory fishes.
TRANSIENT EXPERIMENTS IN ZED-2 TO INVESTIGATE THE IMPACT OF LEAKAGE ON REACTOR PHYSICS PHENOMENA
Authors: Zeller M.B. , Atfield J.E. 
Published: January 2015

This paper describes an experimental approach where reactor kinetics experiments are used to study reactor physics phenomena that are normally investigated using static-measurement techniques. This approach provides validation data relating to these phenomena for a range of core reactivities, rather than only providing data at critical conditions. Sub-critical and super-critical transient measurements were performed in the ZED-2 reactor. The transients were analyzed using a point kinetics model to derive the reactivity states that induced the transients. The reactor physics phenomenon of interest for the current study is Coolant Density Induced Reactivity. Initial measurements were performed using an air-cooled (i.e., voided) ZED-2 lattice; the measurements were then repeated using the same lattice cooled with light water. These measurements yielded reactivity values for both coolant conditions in the lattice for a range of super-critical and sub-critical states. This investigation avoids the inherent assumption of static-measurement analyses that the bias in predicting criticality for the two coolant conditions is identical to the bias in predicting the phenomenon of Coolant Density Induced Reactivity itself. The measured reactivity values are compared with calculations employing the 3-D stochastic neutron transport reactor code MCNP.
Expert physiotherapists' clinical decision-making in acute care. Part one
Authors: Chipchase L , Prentice CE 
Published: January 2015

In the current health care climate physiotherapists working in acute hospitals are not exempt from evidence-based practice pressures. Clinicians are required to incorporate clinical expertise with patient values and the best available evidence. As physiotherapists are ideally placed to intervene in the management of acutely ill inpatients, who are at a high-risk of complications, the decision-making process for the commonly performed task of mobilization requires understanding. Presented in part one of this series are the indicators expert Australian acute care physiotherapists' used in decision-making to determine patient capacity for mobilization. Part two presents and applies study findings to functional outcome evaluation. A focused ethnography using an in-depth interview with 12 acute care physiotherapists was employed to address this. Interview transcripts were analysed thematically. No single indicator was used in participants' decision-making to determine patients' capacity for mobilization. Rather, numerous indicators were incorporated throughout a fluid, individualized and task-specific assessment and treatment process.
Mosque, Dome, Minaret: Ahmadiyya Architecture in Germany since 2000
Authors: Eimen Alisa 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This article examines the role of dome and minaret forms in recent mosque architecture through a case study of Ahmadiyya building activity in Germany. Although viewed by the majority of Muslims as a heretical sect, the Ahmadiyya are a visible Muslim presence in Germany as a result of their missionary activities and mosque-building campaigns. Exploring their mosque architectural practices both demonstrates the variety of belief and practice in Islam and enables analysis of conventions in mosque architecture, especially the dome and minaret. These forms trigger a range of associations for Muslims and non-Muslims, which have been complicated by Orientalist presuppositions concerning sacred space and the ‘other’. Thus the design and building process is a challenging one, as the community attempts to establish a distinct and non-threatening presence in Germany. Along these lines, domes and minarets are integral elements, connecting current structures to past building traditions and regions. Specialists in the field of architecture, however, are interested in innovation, often regarding dome and minaret forms as clichéd. This article examines the layered meanings that undergird continued use of conventions in mosque architecture, arguing that the domes and minarets convey important lessons to the worshipper about history, memory and ritual practice and assist in effecting attachment to place.
Revisiting a Graduate Design Studio on Sacred Architecture: A Mosque Design in Yazd, Iran
Authors: Geva Anat 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This essay describes a graduate studio where students were asked to design a new mosque in the historic old town of Yazd, Iran. The project was formed under the broader theme ‘Sacred Architecture in International Historic and Sustainable Contexts’ and required the students to think critically about design within historic, cultural, environmental and tectonic contexts. The studio also responded to concerns expressed by the American National Architectural Accrediting Board (NAAB) about the limited international training and experience in architectural programmes. As such, the project addressed a particular design problem (a mosque design in Yazd, Iran) and responded to broader issues within the field of ­architectural pedagogy. Five examples of students’ projects demonstrate a variety of design concepts and architectural approaches to the design of the new mosque. All examples show attentiveness to faith requirements and sensitivity to the specific site restrictions, as well as to local climate conditions. The latter was emphasized by sustainable design proposals, which accommodate the harsh desert environment of Yazd. Reflections and recommendations follow the description of students’ projects and relate to the pedagogical issues in teaching global architectural history and contemporary practice.
Précis
Authors: Rashidi Seif El , Bier Carol , Balk Mesut , Miller Ashley , Patel Alka 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Announcement of the 2013 AGA Khan Award for Architecture Recipients, Castle of SÃo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal, September 6, 2013
‘The First International Workshop on Geometric Patterns in Islamic Art’, Istanbul Design Center, Istanbul, Turkey, September 23–29, 2013
‘Encounters with Islamic Art: Reception, Revival and Response’, University of Michigan Museum of art, Ann Arbor, Mi, February 1, 2014
‘Architectural Exchanges in South Asia: Medieval to Contemporary Period’, South Asian Studies Program, Brandeis University, Waltham, ma, April 4, 2014
The writer as director: A case study – Brothers and Sisters (1981)
Authors: Woolley Richard 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This is a practitioner’s case history of a particular, personal scripting process, in the context of Arts public funding of film in the United Kingdom, before the rise of the current screenwriting orthodoxy. The role of the script for an auteur writer-director is, here, seen more clearly as a personal tool for the development of the screen idea; format, for example, works creatively for the director rather than as a standardized part of the conventional memorandum for others it has become. Using the experience of scripting Brothers and Sisters (1981) I reflect on the interconnection between script and eventual film as a whole process, rather than as a separate set of skills, and conclude that the best way of achieving those representational goals in the screenplay context should remain open to continual experiment and debate by researchers and practitioners alike, and not be closed off for all time by absolutist formulas and set-in-stone formats.
Cargo cults: Key moments in establishing screenwriting in the New Zealand Film Commission
Authors: Joyce Hester 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The New Zealand Film Commission (NZFC), a government-supported film industry funding agency founded in 1978, is directed ‘to encourage and also to participate and assist in the making, promotion, distribution and exhibition of films’. In the late 1980s the NZFC, in an attempt to capture a larger international audience for New Zealand-domiciled films, focused attention on screenwriting and screenplay development practices within the local industry. A rigorous training programme of seminar tours from Hollywood-industry script consultants, including seminars from Robert McKee and Linda Seger, followed. This article surveys key moments in this training process, the uptake of McKee and Seger’s screenplay analysis methods, and discusses the effects of these targeted initiatives on the screenwriting and development practices within the government-supported film industry through the late 1980s and early 1990s.
Evaluation of explosion loading effects on concrete infrastructures using ABAQUS software
Authors: Rahimi Abolfazl 
Published: January 2015

One of the most important facilities of a country is Fluid Reservoirs which should be secured against different damage of explosion. Reservoir structural failure after explosion not only could lead to economic losses, but also could cause water shortage and toxic leakage. In this paper a reservoir is modeled in ABAQUS software. The results for displacements and deformations, energy dissipation of various forms and principal stresses are illustrated.
Propojení přírodovědného a environmentálního vzdělávání
Authors: Wals Arjen , Brody Michael , Dillon Justin , Stevenson Robert B. 
Published: January 2015

What is written about in Science journal? A paraphrase of the article: Wals, Arjen E. J., Michael Brody, Justin Dillon, Robert B. Stevenson (2014). Convergence Between Science and Environmental Education. Science, 344(6184), 583–584. DOI: 10.1126/science.1250515Published with permission of the Science journal.
Standard and non-standard deformation behaviour of European beech and Norway spruce during compression
Authors: Brabec Martin , Tippner Jan , Sebera Václav , Milch Jaromír , Rademacher Peter 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The goal of the study is to investigate the non-standard deformation behaviour of wood loaded by compression parallel to the grain. This is represented as a negative increment of strain in the range of plastic deformations when the load continues to increase. The objectives of this study are to point out this problem and to provide its description based on the deformation fields that have been analysed using three approaches: a) full-field optical technique based on digital image correlation (DIC); b) “clip on” extensometer and its virtual analogy, and c) crosshead displacement method. Further, the negative strain phenomenon was studied depending on the sample length. The samples were made from the European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.). Based on the strain analysis, it can be concluded that the deformation field consists of three sub-regions exhibiting different stiffness values (three-spring model). The failure of less stiff zones near the compression plates during the “non-standard” compression behaviour causes almost zero compression deformation of the stiffer middle zone or even leads to its expansion. The three-zone heterogeneity of deformation field induces a deviation of the displacement and strain measured by the proposed approaches. This phenomenon substantially influences the resulting longitudinal Young’s modulus and, therefore, should be of concern when measuring wood in such mode.
FUNÇÃO DE PRODUÇÃO DA BERINJELA IRRIGADA EM AMBIENTE PROTEGIDO..
Authors: Bilibio Carolina , Carvalho Jacinto De A. , Martins Minella , Rezende Fatima C. , Freitas Wellington Alves de , Gomes Luis A. A. 
Published: January 2015

Diferentes lâminas de irrigação foram aplicadas durante o desenvolvimento da berinjela (Solanum melongena L.) com o objetivo de estabelecer estratégias ótimas de irrigação para a cultura, considerando diferentes valores para o preço do produto e custos da energia elétrica. Foi realizado um experimento com delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com 5 tratamentos e 6 repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de 5 diferentes lâminas de irrigação, 50, 75, 100, 125 e 150% da lâmina de reposição de água até a condição de capacidade de campo. Os resultados demonstraram diferenças significativas para todas as variáveis analisadas, diâmetro do caule, altura das plantas e produtividade. A produção total (kg.planta-1) apresentou uma resposta quadrática aos tratamentos e o custo uma função linear. O tratamento que promoveu a maior produtividade foi o de 229 litros.planta-1 e o tratamento que promoveu o maior retorno econômico foi o de 227 litros.planta-1. Por fim, concluiu-se que de acordo com condições analisadas, as irrigações podem ser realizadas para atingir a produtividade máxima da cultura e que variação na relação de preços (Pw/Py), não influenciou proporcionalmente a lâmina recomendada para a obtenção da máxima eficiência econômica. UNITERMOS: manejo de irrigação, berinjela, produtividade BILIBIO, C.; CARVALHO, J. de A.; MARTINS, M.; REZENDE, F. C.; FREITAS, W. A. de F.; GOMES, L. A. A. IRRIGATED EGGPLANT CROP FUNCTION IN PROTECTED ENVIRONMENT 2 ABSTRACT Different irrigation depths were applied during eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) development in order to establish optimum crop irrigation strategies, considering different values for product price and energy costs. The experiment was carried out in a totally random experimental design with 5 treatments and 6 replications. The treatments consisted of 5 different irrigation depths: 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of the water replacement depths until field capacity condition. The results showed significant differences for all the analyzed variables: stem diameter, plant height, and yield. The total crop (kg.plant-1) showed a square response to the treatments, whereas the cost showed a linear function; the treatment of 229 liters per plant showed the highest yield, whereas the treatment of 227 liters per plant provided the highest investment turnover. Finally, we concluded that, according to the analyzed conditions, irrigations may be carried out in order to reach the maximum crop yield; also, the variation in price relationship (Pw/Py) did not proportionally affect the depth recommended to obtain the maximum economic efficiency. KEYWORDS: irrigation management, yield, energy costs
UTILIZAÇÃO DE ÁGUAS SALOBRAS NO CULTIVO HIDROPÔNICO DA ALFACE
Authors: Santos Rafaelly Suzanye , Dantas Daniel Da Costa , Nogueira Fabiola Pascoal , Dias Nildo Da Silva , Neto Miguel Ferreira , Gurgel Marcelo Tavares 
Published: January 2015

A salinidade é um problema sério para a agricultura, pois limita o crescimento e o desenvolvimento das plantas sensíveis. A tolerância das culturas à salinidade é influenciada por diversos fatores, incluindo estágio de crescimento, condições ambientais, espécies e cultivares de uma mesma espécie. Foram testados três salinidades da água no preparo da solução nutritiva (0,5; 3,0 e 6,0 dS m-1) em três cultivares de alface (Babá de verão, Verônica e Quatro estações) em sistema hidropônico sob condições protegidas com a finalidade de avaliar a tolerância das cultivares à salinidade. Não foram observados diferenças entre as cultivares estudadas quanto à salinidade da água de irrigação. O aumento da salinidade da água de irrigação provocou redução do número de folhas e da matéria seca da parte aérea. UNITERMOS: Lactuca sativa L., solução nutritiva, condutividade elétrica. SANTOS, R. S.; DANTAS, D. C.; NOGUEIRA, F. P.; DIAS, N. S.; FERREIRA NETO, M.; GURGEL. M. T. BRACKISH WATER USE ON HYDROPONIC LETTUCE 2 ABSTRACT Salinity is a serious problem for agriculture because it can limit the growth and development of salt-sensitive plants. Salt tolerance is affected by several factors, including the growth stage, environmental conditions, species and cultivar variation for each species. In order to compare salt tolerance, three water salinity levels were used to prepare nutrient solutions (0.5; 3.0 and 6.0 dS m-1) and were applied on three different lettuce cultivars in a hydroponic system under greenhouse (cvs. Babá de verão, Verônica and Quatro estações). Differences in salt tolerance of the nutrient solutions were not observed for the studied cultivars. The salinity increase in the nutrient solutions reduced the leaf number and dry matter biomass. KEYWORDS: Lactuca sativa L., soil solution, electric conductivity.
DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DA ÁGUA APLICADA POR EQUIPAMENTOS AUTOPROPELIDOS DE IRRIGAÇÃO - PARTE II: VALIDAÇÃO DO SIMULASOFT
Authors: Prado Giuliani Do , Colombo Alberto 
Published: January 2015

São apresentados resultados da validação analítica e experimental do aplicativo computacional SIMULASOFT, que simula a distribuição espacial da lâmina de água aplicada por equipamentos autopropelidos de irrigação. Para validação analítica, foram calculados valores de lâmina e uniformidade de aplicação de água, considerando-se um aspersor com perfil radial de formato triangular, em deslocamento linear com velocidade constante, operando com ângulos de giro de 270º e 360º. A comparação entre valores gerados analiticamente e pelo aplicativo demonstrou a equivalência dos dois processos. Valores de lâmina de água aplicados, observados em quatro ensaios de campo, realizados com um carretel enrolador dotado de um aspersor, da marca SIME®, modelo Big-River, quando comparados com valores produzidos pelo aplicativo, para as mesmas condições observadas nos ensaios de campo, apresentaram um coeficiente de determinação médio de 91,3%. Nas comparações entre os valores de coeficiente de uniformidade de Christiansen, simulados e observados em campo, verificou-se um erro relativo médio de 3,6%. UNITERMOS: ensaios de uniformidade, simulação matemática, aspersores PRADO, G. do; COLOMBO, A. SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF WATER APPLIED BY TRAVELER iRRIGATIOn MACHINES - Part II: SIMULASOFT VALIDATION 2 ABSTRACT Results from both analytical and experimental validation of Simulasoft, a software that simulates spatial distribution of water applied by traveler irrigation machines, are presented. For the analytical validation, values of applied water depth and irrigation uniformity were input considering a sprinkler which presented radial water application profile and had triangular shape, moving along a straight line at constant speed and operating with wetted sectors of 270º and 360º. Comparisons among analytically input values and simulated ones have demonstrated that the two procedures are equivalent. When water depth values determined at four field tests of a traveler irrigation machine, set with a SIME® sprinkler, Big-River model, were compared to simulated values considering the operational conditions observed at field tests, a 91.3% determination coefficient was found. Comparisons among field observed and simulated Christiansen uniformity coefficient values showed that the relative error has a 3.6% average value. KEYWORDS: uniformity tests, irrigation uniformity, sprinklers