bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epoxides as Reducing Agents for Low‐Catalyst‐Concentration Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Authors: Woodruff Shannon R. , Davis Brad J. , Tsarevsky Nicolay V. 
Published: November 2013

Activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP) conditions utilizing a low concentration of catalyst are successfully applied for the preparation of well‐defined poly(glycidyl methacrylate) without the addition of external reducing agents. The living character of polymerization is evidenced by successful chain extensions with methyl methacrylate and methyl acrylate, again, in the absence of additional reducing agents, yielding block copolymers. The epoxide groups in glycidyl methacrylate or the corresponding polymer can serve as an intrinsic reducing agent to continuously regenerate the CuI‐based ATRP activator from the CuII halide complex present in the systems. The reactivity of various epoxides in the reduction of the CuIIBr2 complex of tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine is compared.
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Non‐Radial Growth of Helical Homopolymer Crystals: Breaking the Paradigm of the Polymer Spherulite Microstructure
Authors: Rosenthal Martin , Hernandez Jaime J. , Odarchenko Yaroslav I. , Soccio Michela , Lotti Nadia , Di Cola Emanuela , Burghammer Manfred , Ivanov Dimitri A. 
Published: November 2013

Radial symmetry is essential for the conventional view of the polymer spherulite microstructure. Typically it is assumed that, in the course of the spherulite morphogenesis, the lamellar crystals grow radially. Using submicron X‐ray diffraction, it is shown that in banded spherulites of poly(propylene adipate) the crystals have the shape of a helix with flat‐on crystals winding around a virtual cylinder of about 6 µm in diameter. The helix angle of 30° implies that the crystal growth direction is tilted away from the spherulite radius by this angle. The implications of the helical crystal shape contradict the paradigm of the spherulitic microstructure. The radial growth rate of such spherulites does not correspond to the crystal growth rate, but to the propagation rate of the virtual cylinder the ribbons wind around.
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The rhizosphere microbial community in a multiple parallel mineralization system suppresses the pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Fujiwara Kazuki , Iida Yuichiro , Iwai Takashi , Aoyama Chihiro , Inukai Ryuya , Ando Akinori , Ogawa Jun , Ohnishi Jun , Terami Fumihiro , Takano Masao , Shinohara Makoto 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe rhizosphere microbial community in a hydroponics system with multiple parallel mineralization (MPM) can potentially suppress root‐borne diseases. This study focused on revealing the biological nature of the suppression against Fusarium wilt disease, which is caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum, and describing the factors that may influence the fungal pathogen in the MPM system. We demonstrated that the rhizosphere microbiota that developed in the MPM system could suppress Fusarium wilt disease under in vitro and greenhouse conditions. The microbiological characteristics of the MPM system were able to control the population dynamics of F. oxysporum, but did not eradicate the fungal pathogen. The roles of the microbiological agents underlying the disease suppression and the magnitude of the disease suppression in the MPM system appear to depend on the microbial density. F. oxysporum that survived in the MPM system formed chlamydospores when exposed to the rhizosphere microbiota. These results suggest that the microbiota suppresses proliferation of F. oxysporum by controlling the pathogen's morphogenesis and by developing an ecosystem that permits coexistence with F. oxysporum.
Bridging the Transition from Hospital to Home: Effects of the VITAL Telehealth Program on Recovery for CABG Surgery Patients and their Caregivers
Authors: Keeping‐Burke Lisa , Purden Margaret , Frasure‐Smith Nancy , Cossette Sylvie , McCarthy Frank , Amsel Rhonda 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this randomized trial was to determine whether coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients and their caregivers who received telehealth follow‐up had greater improvements in anxiety levels from pre‐surgery to 3 weeks after discharge than did those who received standard care. Secondary outcomes included changes in depressive symptoms and patients' contacts with physicians. No group differences were noted in changes in patients' anxiety and depressive symptoms, but patients in the telehealth group had fewer physician contacts (p = .04). Female caregivers in the telehealth group had greater decreases in anxiety than those in standard care (p < .001), and caregivers of both genders in the telehealth group had greater decreases in depressive symptoms (p = .03). © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 36: 540–553, 2013
Prognostic factors influencing prostate cancer‐specific survival in non‐castrate patients with metastatic prostate cancer
Authors: Ost Piet , Decaestecker Karel , Lambert Bieke , Fonteyne Valérie , Delrue Louke , Lumen Nicolaas , Ameye Filip , De Meerleer Gert 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn non‐castrate prostate cancer (PCa), the prognostic value of the number of metastases on prostate cancer‐specific survival (PCSS) is not well studied.METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 1,206 patients, referred for radiotherapy of the prostate (bed) following diagnosis of PCa. Distant metastases (nodal, skeletal, and/or visceral) developed in 121 patients following curative treatment, of which 80 with complete records were not castrated at time of metastasis. The treatment at time of metastases was androgen deprivation therapy (ADT; n = 22), active surveillance (n = 10) or metastasis‐directed therapy (MDT; n = 48). Cox‐regression analyses were used to examine the influence of different variables on PCSS.RESULTSThe median follow‐up from primary PCa treatment was 6.9 years with a median interval from diagnosis to first metastatic event of 4.1 year (range: 0.2–15 years). The primary site of metastases was limited to lymph nodes (48%), bone (39%), and viscera (1%) or a combination (12%). Median PCSS from diagnosis of noncastrate metastases was 6.6 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.6–7.7 years). A longer premetastatic PSA doubling time (DT) (hazard ratio [HR] 0.73; 95% CI: 0.57–0.92), a lower number of metastases at first presentation (HR 1.07; 95% CI: 1.02–1.12) and pattern of metastatic spread (HR 3.6; 95% CI: 1.13–11.8 for extensive vs. minimal) were associated with improved PCSS.CONCLUSIONA longer PSA DT, involvement of nodes or axial skeleton and a lower number of metastases are associated with an improved PCSS in non‐castrated patients developing metastases. Prostate 74:297–305, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Paper No P21: Normal‐ and Reverse‐Mode Light‐Scattering Properties in Polymer‐Stabilized Nematic Liquid Crystals
Authors: Yamaguchi Rumiko , Goto Koichiro , Xiao‐Jun Chang 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA normal mode property of which a light‐scattering state electrically changes to a transparent state and a reverse mode with the opposite switching property are demonstrated in an oriented reactive mesogen and liquid crystal composite cell. The light‐scattering domain is produced in the transparent cell by partly irradiated with a UV light under a suitable voltage application. Scattering and transparent patterns simultaneously electrically turn to the transparent and scattering patterns without electrode partitions.
Paper No P22: Fast Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Display With Novel Photoaligned Layer
Authors: Guo Qi , Srivastava A. K. , Ma Ying , Chigrinov V. G. , Kowk H.S. , Pozhidaev E. P. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA novel composite photoalignment layer for ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) displays is explored. The key technique is to introduce a functional liquid crystal polymer into azo‐dye material with proper mixing. Bearing good alignment quality derived from the azo‐dye, the composite layer provides strong anchoring energy comparable to that of rubbed polyimide layers. Furthermore, by using a two‐step exposure process, the composite layer shows much better stability than that with a pure azo‐dye material. The photostability has been evaluated by the exposure energy needed to rearrange the orientation of SD1 molecules. The photostability is improved by more than 20 times using composited layer compared with pure SD1 material.
Paper No P8: A Novel AMOLED Pixel Circuit for Compensating of Deviation of Threshold Voltage of p‐Channel Poly‐Si TFTs
Authors: Chung Hoon‐Ju 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel pixel circuit that uses only p‐channel low‐temperature polycrystalline silicon thin‐film transistors (LTPS‐TFTs) to compensate deviation of threshold voltage of OLED‐driving TFTs. The proposed pixel circuit consists of five switching TFTs, one OLED‐driving TFT, and two capacitors. SmartSpice simulation results show that the proposed 6T2C pixel circuit can realize uniform OLED current with high immunity to the threshold voltage deviation of OLED driving poly‐Si TFT.
Paper No P29: Improvement of LED Luminous Efficacy in Driving by Pulse Current Utilizing Optical Electric Generation of the LED
Authors: Sano Yuji , Arai Takahiro 
Published: November 2013

AbstractLuminous efficacy of pulse‐driven LED was improved by utilizing optical electric generation of the LED. A pair of LEDs, which was irradiated by each other alternately, charged diffusion capacitance in the LED. Consumed power was reduced to 57.4%–97.1% in RGB color LEDs.
Paper No P19: Aluminum Nanostructured Coatings as Alternatives to Metal Oxide and Transparent Semiconductors
Authors: Smirnov A. , Stsiapanau A. , Mukha Y. , Satskevich Ya. , Martinovich A. , Maksimov A. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAl nanostructured coatings are the promising alternative to a tin‐doped indium oxide film (ITO) as transparent conductive electrodes. In this paper, we describe the fabrication of Al nanostructured coatings by electrochemical anodization of aluminum deposited by magnetron sputtering on a glass substrate. The process of anodization is strictly controlled by the characteristic changes of process parameters, followed by selective chemical etching of aluminum oxide. We proposed the model for Al nanostructured coatings describing the dependences of their optical transmittance and surface resistance on the characteristic dimensions of the network structure.
Paper No P13: Patterning of OSC Materials for Minimizing of Parasitic Currents
Authors: Coombs Benjamin A. , McCall Keri L. , Rutter Simon R. , Ogier Simon D. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn this paper, we describe a versatile method for the patterning of dielectric and organic semiconductor (OSC) in an organic thin‐film transistor (OTFT) that we have developed using commercially available material sets. OTFTs with on/off ratios of 109 and mobilities > 4 cm2/Vs can be produced using CPI's FlexOSTM OSC and Orthogonal Inc. OSCoR1510 photoresist.
Paper No P4: The Development of the Integrated Holographic Recording Head for Synthesized 3D Hologram Recording
Authors: Morozov Alexander , Bovsunovsky Ivan , Putilin Andrew N , Kopenkin Sergey S. , Borodin Yuriy P. , Yanovskiy Alexey V. , Gavrikov Vladimir A. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAn integration of several total internal reflection (TIR) holographic optical elements (HOEs) for the design of compact holographic recording system is discussed. Methods of waveguide holography (WGH) permits to realize the concept of pure HOE recording setup for synthesizing three‐dimensional (3D) holograms. So the idea of homogeneous technology for “HOLOGRAMS BREEDING” was approved. The several schemes for light guiding HOE recording was proposed to obtain integrated TIR illumination and reference beam forming units. In this paper, it is shown that the specific light transformation waveguide holograms permit to construct efficient recording setup for 3D synthesized micro‐hogel recording. It is also shown several experimental schemes of reflection/transmition variants of 3D synthesized hologram recording. The schemes of HOE operation improvement are discussed and some experimental results are shown.
Paper No P11: BLU Inspection Machine
Authors: Nam Teckjin , Lee Sukte , Geum Sangtaek , Kim Jongkyu , Park Sekwang 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn liquid crystal display (LCD), the liquid crystal open and closed light to the color filter as following the circuit. LCD is passive display, so it needs light source. The outer light source is back light unit (BLU). BLU is divided into LED and CCFL based on the characteristics of lighting, but the inspection machine can detect the defects equally in BLU irrespective of LED or CCFL. This paper deals with the invention of inspection machine for BLU. The inspection machine is generally called machine vision. At manufacturing LCD, to detect defects is the one of most important parts. To make the inspection machine for BLU is to make detect machine to defects. There are four types of defects at BLU: the front particles, viewing angle defect (VAD), Mura (faint stain), and scratch. So the inspection machine must to detect four types of defects all. To detect four types of defects, it needed to much research (study) and assembly of many cameras. However, we made the inspection machine using only one camera, it also detects four types of defects. Primarily many cameras are necessary at inspection machine to detect VAD. From the results of more than 200 tests, we came to know that only three angles cameras (front, two pairs) can cover to detect all VAD, and the more, two angles cameras (two pairs cameras) can be replaced by mirror. Hence, the inspection machine using only one camera is invented to detect the defects in BLU. Patent (10‐2009‐0016934) has been applied for the important tech parts for using mirror. The inspection machine for BLU is equipped at most BLU manufacture line, it has been used effectively at manufacturing BLU company.
Paper No P42: Increasing Rewriting Speed of Optical Rewritable E‐Paper by Process Optimization
Authors: Sun Jiatong , Srivastava Abhishek , Chigrinov Vladimir , Kwok H. S. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractProcess optimization for increasing the response speed of liquid crystal (LC) optical rewritable e‐paper was investigated. It is demonstrated that by filling LC in atmosphere condition rewriting time could be decreased to 6 s with good repeatability. Increasing the spin coating speed and time could also decrease the azimuthal anchoring energy, but it will cause non‐continuous film form of alignment layer which causes large speed dispersion that is not good for practical use. Serial experiments show that with smaller azimuthal anchoring energy the rewriting time could be smaller. The results demonstrate that with proper fabrication process of alignment layer for liquid crystal optical rewritable e‐paper, azimuthal anchoring energy could be adjusted to an optimal value which is beneficial for achieving fastest rewriting speed and at the same time strong enough to well align LC.
Paper No P6: Feasibility Study of Digital Driving for AMOLED Displays
Authors: Dobrev Yassen , Volkert Pascal , Xu Chihao 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe feasibility of digital driving for active matrix organic light‐emitting diode is investigated. It offers simple 2T1C pixel circuit and low power consumption. However, it is susceptible to pixel aging, image sticking, and temperature variations. A novel nominal organic light‐emitting diode current measurement method is proposed enabling compensation for these effects using an image decomposition algorithm.
Paper No 5.1: Highly Efficient Blue‐Green OLEDs From Tetradentate Cyclometalated Platinum Complexes
Authors: Ecton Jeremy , Fleetham Tyler , Hang Xaiochun , Li Jian 
Published: November 2013

AbstractHighly efficiency stable, blue phosphorescent OLEDS are still in need of further development if OLEDs are to compete with existing lighting and display technologies. Here we present a possible route toward stable, blue phosphorescent OLEDs using halogen‐free platinum complexes. Devices based on the halogen‐free platinum complexes yielded external quantum efficiencies more than 20%.
Paper No 9.4: Heat Dissipation Performance of Laser Backlight for Liquid Crystal Television Displays
Authors: Nagase Akihiro , Niikura Eiji , Shinozaki Masaru , Nagayasu Tetsuya , Kondo Taiji 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe authors have developed the laser backlight for displays that uses laser diodes (LDs) for the red light sources. While laser beams are favorable because of their high color purity, they develop extremely disadvantageous thermal characteristics. Therefore, thermal management is a critical issue for LDs used as display light sources. As for the backlight used on a large screen flat panel display in particular, where light sources with high heat flux are laid out in a dispersed fashion, the cooling performance of the light sources directly influences the product performance and quality. The authors used a CFD simulation to review a cooling system optimum for the laser backlight.
Paper No 9.1: Unique Parameters of Display Cells Based on New FLC, and Prospects of Their Applications (Invited Paper)
Authors: Andreev A.L. , Kompanets I.N. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractHigh‐frequency (up to 7 kHz) and hysteresis‐free light modulation with continuous gray scale at low control voltage (±1.5 V) is provided in a wide temperature interval with high optical contrast in display cells with new FLC materials developed at LPI, Moscow. Prospects are opened to use these materials in various LCD, where high rate is desirable, especially in 3D and FSC displays.
Paper No 9.3: Liquid Crystal Gratings Technologies and Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal‐Based Gratings
Authors: Ma Ying , Guo Qi , Srivastava Abhishek , Chigrinov Vladimir 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn this article, existing technologies of switchable liquid crystal gratings and their limitations are discussed. A new mode ferroelectric liquid crystal with its unique characteristics is presented, which shows great potential for grating use. Some possible fabrication procedures and results are also presented in this paper.
Paper No 10.4: Oxide‐TFT–Driven Flexible Display Using Highly Efficient Phosphorescent OLED
Authors: Motomura Genichi , Nakajima Yoshiki , Takei Tatsuya , Fujisaki Yoshihide , Fukagawa Hirohiko , Tsuji Hiroshi , Nakata Mitsuru , Shimizu Takahisa , Yamamoto Toshihiro 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe developed an 8‐in. VGA flexible OLED display by integrating IGZO‐TFTs and novel highly efficient phosphorescent OLEDs. The emitting layers in red OLEDs using a beryllium complex as a host material and a platinum complex as a guest material exhibited low driving voltage, high luminous efficiency, and high stability because of efficient energy transfer from the host to the guest. Furthermore, IGZO‐TFT backplane was fabricated on the plastic film at low temperature. Stable moving images could be observed on the display when it was bent.
Paper No 10.3: Bridged‐Grain Polycrystalline Silicon Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Kwok Hoi Sing , Zhou Wei , Zhang Meng , Chen Rongsheng , Zhao Shuyun , Wong Man , Chen Shuming , Chow Thomas 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA new structure for thin‐film transistors, exhibiting the benefits but not the drawbacks of both short‐channel and multijunction effects, is proposed and demonstrated. Theoretical modeling is performed to understand the physics of this device structure. All characteristics such as threshold voltage, pseudo subthreshold slope, on–off current ratio, and field‐effect mobility are improved.
Paper No 13.1: Energy Efficient LED Backlight Technology
Authors: Gourlay James 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn this paper, we describe how in addition to Direct‐Lit and Edge‐Lit LED backlight technology, there is hybrid LED backlight technology. Hybrid backlight technology combines the best features of both conventional approaches and tries to mitigate some of their drawbacks. Results show improved optical efficiencies that can lead to cost reduction.
Paper No 14.2: Image Quality Enhancement for Mobile Display Under Outdoor Environment
Authors: Jang Jun Woo , Park Tae‐Yong , Lee Seon Mee , Seo Woong Jin , Park Jongjin , Lim Moojong 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis paper presents outdoor image quality enhancement methods based on adjusting gamma shape and chroma compensation for mobile display. In order to verify the suggested method, a psychophysical experiment was performed using 22 test images that are categorised by colour attributes and contents. The test images that are applied both methods are more preferred than others with statistical significant difference.
Paper No 14.1: Imaging Colorimeter for Color Calibration of Phone and Tablet Displays
Authors: Boher Pierre , Leroux Thierry , Leroux Vincent 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn spite of their very high color gamut, new small and medium size OLED displays are not perfect and require additional calibration to improve their performances. This is not surprising since OLED technology can suffer from homogeneity problems and small changes of emissive properties within the same display or from on display to the other. These calibrations need to be based on specific color measurements that must be very accurate and short. This specific problem is addressed in the proposed paper.
Paper No 15.2: Head‐Tracked Retroreflecting 3D Display
Authors: Surman Phil , Day Sally , Boby Bonny , Chen Hao , Urey Hakan , Aksit Kaan 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn this paper, we describe a single‐user glasses‐free (autostereoscopic) 3D display where images from a picoprojector pair are projected on to a retroreflecting screen. Real images of the projector lenses formed at the viewer's eyes produce exit pupils that follow the eye positions by the projectors moving laterally under the control of a head tracker. This provides the viewer with a comfortable degree of head movement.
Paper No 15.1: Augmented Reality and 3D Displays Using Pico‐Projectors
Authors: Aksit Kaan , Eldes Osman , Hedili M. Kivanc , Urey Hakan 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPico‐projectors based on MEMS scanners and RGB lasers provide a powerful platform for not only mobile projectors but also for various 3D display architectures and augmented reality. First part of the paper discusses two recently developed 3D display techniques: a stereoscopic display using only one pico‐projector passive polarized glasses and an autostereoscopic multiuser multiview display using an array of pico‐projectors. Second part of the paper discusses various augmented reality applications enabled by a pico‐projector and a special micro‐optical screen. Those technologies can be expected to play an important role in the future of human‐computer interface.