bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disruption of Methionine Metabolism inDrosophila melanogasterImpacts Histone Methylation and Results in Loss of Viability
Authors: Liu Mengying , Barnes Valerie L , Pile Lori A 
Published: November 2015

AbstractHistone methylation levels, which are determined by the action of both histone demethylases and methyltransferases, impact multiple biological processes by affecting gene expression activity. Methionine metabolism generates the major methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) for histone methylation. The functions of methionine metabolic enzymes in regulating biological processes as well as the interaction between the methionine pathway and histone methylation, however, are still not fully understood. Here, we report that reduced levels of some enzymes involved in methionine metabolism and histone demethylases lead to lethality as well as wing development and cell proliferation defects in Drosophila melanogaster. Additionally, disruption of methionine metabolism can directly affect histone methylation levels. Reduction of little imaginal discs (LID) histone demethylase, but not lysine-specific demethylase 2 (KDM2) demethylase, is able to counter the effects on histone methylation due to reduction of SAM synthetase (SAM-S). Taken together, these results reveal an essential role of key enzymes that control methionine metabolism and histone methylation. Additionally, these findings are an indication of a strong connection between metabolism and epigenetics.
Neonatal Sulfhemoglobinemia and Hemolytic Anemia Associated With Intestinal Morganella morganii
Authors: Murphy Kiera , Ryan Clodagh , Dempsey Eugene M. , O’Toole Paul W. , Ross R. Paul , Stanton Catherine , Ryan C. Anthony 
Published: November 2015

Sulfhemoglobinemia is a rare disorder characterized by the presence of sulfhemoglobin in the blood. It is typically drug-induced and may cause hypoxia, end-organ damage, and death through oxygen deprivation. We present here a case of non–drug-induced sulfhemoglobinemia in a 7-day-old preterm infant complicated by hemolytic anemia. Microbiota compositional analysis of fecal samples to investigate the origin of hydrogen sulphide revealed the presence of Morganella morganii at a relative abundance of 38% of the total fecal microbiota at the time of diagnosis. M morganii was not detected in the fecal samples of 40 age-matched control preterm infants. M morganii is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause serious infection, particularly in immunocompromised hosts such as neonates. Strains of M morganii are capable of producing hydrogen sulphide, and virulence factors include the production of a diffusible α-hemolysin. The infant in this case survived intact through empirical oral and intravenous antibiotic therapy, probiotic administration, and red blood cell transfusions. This coincided with a reduction in the relative abundance of M morganii to 3%. Neonatologists should have a high index of suspicion for intestinal pathogens in cases of non–drug-induced sulfhemoglobinemia and consider empirical treatment of the intestinal microbiota in this potentially lethal condition.
3% Hypertonic Saline Versus Normal Saline in Inpatient Bronchiolitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Silver Alyssa H. , Esteban-Cruciani Nora , Azzarone Gabriella , Douglas Lindsey C. , Lee Diana S. , Liewehr Sheila , Nazif Joanne M. , Agalliu Ilir , Villegas Susan , Rhim Hai Jung H. , Rinke Michael L. , O’Connor Katherine 
Published: November 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Bronchiolitis, the most common reason for hospitalization in children younger than 1 year in the United States, has no proven therapies effective beyond supportive care. We aimed to investigate the effect of nebulized 3% hypertonic saline (HS) compared with nebulized normal saline (NS) on length of stay (LOS) in infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis.METHODS:We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial in an urban tertiary care children’s hospital in 227 infants younger than 12 months old admitted with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis (190 completed the study); 113 infants were randomized to HS (93 completed the study), and 114 to NS (97 completed the study). Subjects received 4 mL nebulized 3% HS or 4 mL 0.9% NS every 4 hours from enrollment until hospital discharge. The primary outcome was median LOS. Secondary outcomes were total adverse events, subdivided as clinical worsening and readmissions.RESULTS:Patient characteristics were similar in groups. In intention-to-treat analysis, median LOS (interquartile range) of HS and NS groups was 2.1 (1.2–4.6) vs 2.1 days (1.2–3.8), respectively, P = .73. We confirmed findings with per-protocol analysis, HS and NS groups with 2.0 (1.3–3.3) and 2.0 days (1.2–3.0), respectively, P = .96. Seven-day readmission rate for HS and NS groups were 4.3% and 3.1%, respectively, P = .77. Clinical worsening events were similar between groups (9% vs 8%, P = .97).CONCLUSIONS:Among infants admitted to the hospital with bronchiolitis, treatment with nebulized 3% HS compared with NS had no difference in LOS or 7-day readmission rates.
Predicting Nonhemolytic Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Norman Mikael , Åberg Katarina , Holmsten Karin , Weibel Vania , Ekéus Cecilia 
Published: November 2015

BACKGROUND:Before hospital discharge, newborn infants should be assessed for the risk of excessive hyperbilirubinemia. We determined maternal and obstetric risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia in infants born at term (gestational age ≥37 weeks) to form an individualized risk assessment tool for clinical use.METHODS:This was a population-based study with data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register from 1999 to 2012, including 1 261 948 singleton infants. Outcome was defined as infants diagnosed with hyperbilirubinemia (N = 23 711), excluding all cases of hemolytic (immune-mediated or other specified hemolytic) diseases of the newborn.RESULTS:Risk factors with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia of ≥1.5 (medium-sized effect or more) were gestational age 37 to 38 weeks (aOR = 2.83), failed vacuum extraction (aOR = 2.79), vacuum extraction (aOR = 2.22), Asian mother (aOR = 2.09), primipara (aOR = 2.06), large-for-gestational-age infant (aOR = 1.84), obese mother (aOR = 1.83), and small-for-gestational-age infant (aOR = 1.66). Planned cesarean delivery (CD) was associated with a reduced risk (aOR = 0.45). Without any of these risk factors (normal birth weight infant delivered vaginally at 39 to 41 weeks’ gestation by a non-Asian, nonobese, multiparous mother) the rate of nonhemolytic neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was 0.7%. In relation to the combined load of different risk factors, rates of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia ranged from 0.2% to 25%.CONCLUSIONS:Collection of a few easily available maternal and obstetric risk factors predicts &gt;100-fold variation in the incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. The information provided herein enables individualized risk prediction with interactions between different risk factors taken into account.
Bridging the intention-behaviour gap with behaviour change strategies for physiotherapy rehabilitation non-adherence
Authors: Bassett Sandra F. 
Published: November 2015

This paper reviews the problem of poor adherence to physiotherapy, the associated barriers and facilitators to adherence and bridging the intention-behaviour gap using behaviour change strategies. Adherence to physiotherapy, especially home-based physiotherapy that includes exercise programmes is problematic, which may be due to patients having to implement new behaviours and then integrate them into their daily lives. Further, patients may be adherent to some components of their physiotherapy and not others. Despite clinical, treatment and psychological factors being identified as reasons for poor adherence, the problem still persists. Effective patient education methods are not the total solution to the problem; patients need to be given skills to integrate the physiotherapy activities into their daily lives. Behaviour change strategies provide these skills and enable patients to bridge the intention-behaviour gap. These strategies strengthen patients’ self-efficacy and should be selected to meet their needs and assist them to overcome their perceived barriers to undertaking the rehabilitation activities. While treatment goals provide patients with incentives to achieve their desired outcome they do not successfully bridge the gap. Valuable behaviour change strategies are verbal feedback, reinforcement, exercise testing, decision balance sheets, self-regulation, relapse prevention, progressed graded activities and booster sessions and action and coping plans.
A aprendizagem profissional da gestão de comportamentos na educação pré-escolar
Authors: Novo Rosa Maria Ramos , Prada Ana Raquel Russo 
Published: November 2015

O presente poster visa identificar as semelhanças e diferenças na aprendizagem da gestão de comportamentos de crianças pelas educadoras-estagiárias de Educação de Infância. Para cumprir estes objetivos acompanharam-se duas jornadas de educadoras-estagiárias no âmbito da prática pedagógica final, em contextos supervisivos pedagogicamente diferenciados, um da rede pública e outro da rede de solidariedade social, ambos no concelho de Braga. No que se refere à orientação pedagógica foram considerados um contexto próximo do socioconstrutivismo e outro que adota uma postura mais tradicional. Partindo de uma conceção ecológica e socioconstrutivista da supervisão, o estudo seguiu uma abordagem de natureza descritiva e interpretativa e o processo de recolha de dados desdobrou-se na construção de significações e interdependências múltiplas através da triangulação de diferentes fontes de dados (filmagem, notas de campo e portefólio). Tendo em conta as características da investigação obteve-se o consentimento informado e foram salvaguardadas as identidades das pessoas e dos locais das pesquisas. Os resultados do estudo revelam a interatividade entre a aprendizagem das educadoras-estagiárias, os contextos supervisivos onde fazem estágio e as suas opções pedagógicas. Sabendo que a aprendizagem profissional é um processo contextualmente interdependente poderá dizer-se que a qualidade dos contextos supervisivos influencia significativamente a qualidade da gestão de comportamentos. Destaca-se ainda um predomínio de diferenças na aprendizagem da gestão de comportamentos pelas educadoras-estagiárias. Enquanto que a aprendizagem da educadora-estagiária na sala de cariz tradicional é orientada em função do exercício de poder e para uma gestão coercitiva, por sua vez, na sala de pedagogia socioconstrutivista verifica-se um equilibrio entre o poder da criança e o da educadora-estagiária, apelando sobretudo à reciprocidade e a práticas indutivas. Os resultados deste estudo indicam que a aprendizagem profissional é contextual, o que em outras palavras quer dizer que as educadoras-estagiárias e os contextos são realidades indissociáveis, havendo interdependência e interatividade entre as aprendizagens profissionais das candidatas a educadoras e os contextos supervisivos.
Iniciación a la Práctica Profesional: la mirada reflexiva de los estudiantes de Educación Básica
Authors: Carvalho Maria Lurdes Dias de 
Published: November 2015

A iniciação à prática profissional constitui uma dimensão central na formação de futuros professores, aproximando o mundo formativo e mundo laboral. esta comunicação trata de um estudo de caso de caracter descritivo-interpretativo sobre os olhares reflexivo dos estudantes de Educação Básica da Universidade. A recolha de dados centra-se na análise de conteúdo dos memorandos de aprendizagem realizados pelos estudantes no final da licenciatura. Os resultados salientam a relevancia da UC de iniciação à prática profissional enquanto tempo e espaço de conhecimento, aprendizagem e socialização profissional capazes de permitir a construção da sua identidade profissional.
Evaluación de conocimientos y actitudes sobre neuromitos en futuros/as maestros/as
Authors: Fuentes Adela , Risso Alicia 
Published: November 2015

El tema de los neuromitos constituye un núcleo de contenido transversal a la literatura neuroeducativa. El término fue acuñado en el contexto médico: un neurocirujano, Alan Crockard (1986), lo utilizó en la década de los 90 para describir "un tipo engañoso de saber sobre el cerebro". Poco después fue Bruer (1997) quien lo llevó al contexto educativo, subrayando los peligros que surgen de la traducción directa de los resultados de la investigación neurocientífica al campo educativo. Por otro lado, en el año 2002, el proyecto Brain and Learning de la OECD emitió un informe en el cual los neuromitos ocupan uno de sus capítulos. Tras la publicación de ese informe se elaboró una de las primeras definiciones del término en su acepción educativa, siendo concebidos como algunas de las trampas surgidas en el establecimiento de puentes equivocados o sin fundamento entre la neurociencia y la educación. Así, los neuromitos estarían constituidos por conceptos erróneos en relación con el cerebro, y cuyos orígenes podrían residir en algún elemento científico sólido, lo que haría más difícil su identificación y refutación. La vinculación de los neuromitos con el contexto educativo, deriva en el concepto de neuromito educativo, ya que muchas de estas interpretaciones erróneas están relacionadas con el cerebro y el aprendizaje, y en concreto con el aprendizaje escolar. Partiendo de este contexto, y en concordancia con la literatura existente, el objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar la prevalencia de neuromitos entre los futuros maestros así como sus actitudes respecto a este tópico. Para ello se contó con una muestra de 295 estudiantes de 1º y 4º curso de las titulaciones de Grado en Educación Primaria y Grado en Educación Infantil de la UDC, a quienes se les aplicaron dos cuestionarios: el de conocimiento se basó en el trabajo de Dekker, Lee, Howard-Jones y Jolles (2012), mientras que el de actitudes se fundamenta en el de Rato, Abreu y Castro-Caldas (2013). Comprobadas su fiabilidad y la validez de constructo, resultaron idóneas. Los resultados obtenidos apuntan a la concordancia con estudios precedentes: por un lado, el nivel de prevalencia de neuromitos entre los futuros maestros es alto y, por otro, no se observa relación con el nivel de estudios, excepto en lo relativo a la adquisición de una segunda lengua. En el ámbito de las actitudes los resultados también concuerdan con trabajos anteriores, mostrando una elevada acogida de las distintas propuestas orientadas a la superación de la brecha neuromitológica, y observándose una correlación directa entre el nivel de acuerdo de los estudiantes y el curso al que pertenecen.
Una nueva escuela. Un nuevo modelo de dirección
Authors: Veiga-Río Emilio J. , López-Azcárate Fernando 
Published: November 2015

Siguiendo propuestas y principios que encontramos reflejados en la Ley Orgánica 8/2013 para la mejora de la calidad educativa (LOMCE), nos encontramos en su artículo 122, con una idea que podemos considerar básica a la hora de la búsqueda de cambios significativos y de la procura de la mejora de la calidad en los centros educativos. Las acciones de calidad educativa partirán de una consideración integral del centro, que podrá tomar como referencia modelos de gestión reconocidos en el ámbito europeo, y habrán de contener la totalidad de las herramientas necesarias para la realización de un proyecto educativo de calidad.
A formación do profesorado de lingua galega: perspectivas pedagóxicas e modelo lingüístico
Authors: Mosquera-Castro Estefanía 
Published: November 2015

O presente traballo analizará desde unha perspectiva teórico-práctica as necesidades formativas do profesorado de lingua galega na Educación Primaria e para iso terá en conta a particular situación sociolingüística en que se encontra a Galiza e, máis concretamente a lingua galega. Así, en primeiro lugar, examinaremos a situación do galego no marco educativo facendo especial fincapé na lexislación vixente, nos datos proporcionados polo recente informe do IGE e na información que a propia práctica docente nos proporciona, para determinar grosso modo o nivel de competencia en lingua galega do alumnado que inicia –e moitas veces finaliza– a súa formación como futuro docente na Educación Primaria. Esta primeira análise permitirá verificarmos a delicada situación por que atravesa o galego neste ámbito, os problemas a nivel pedagóxico debido ao emprego de metodoloxías tradicionais e gramaticalistas, pouco enfocadas no uso e na funcionalidade das linguas e, en consecuencia, o –con frecuencia– escaso dominio lingüístico dos discentes, a maioría nativos, que, ademais manifestan aínda na actualidade numerosos prexuízos. Todos estes elementos provocan no alumnado do grao unha falta de motivación pola súa aprendizaxe, un modelo de lingua precario e unhas aptitudes lingüísticas negativas, que condicionarán con certeza o posterior proceso de ensino-aprendizaxe en que figurarán como docentes e, por tanto, como referentes. Neste sentido, e a modo de conclusión elaboraremos unha proposta cunha serie de medidas a respecto do enfoque metodolóxico e didáctico e do modelo de lingua que deberían ser priorizados para garantir unha competencia lingüística mínima neste idioma que capacite para a posterior práctica docente, non só na materia de lingua e literatura galega, mais tamén como lingua vehicular do ensino. En concreto, consideramos necesario unha aproximación funcionalista e comunicativa como a que ten lugar no ensino-aprendizaxe de linguas estranxeiras ou segundas linguas, polas características particulares do galego, e un modelo lingüístico de calidade, liberado de interferencias gramaticais máis tamén psicolóxicas, que garantan o seu futuro.
Do Income Tax-Related Deficiencies in Publicly Disclosed PCAOB Part II Reports Influence Audit Client Financial Reporting of Income Tax Accounts?
Authors: Drake Katharine D. , Goldman Nathan C. , Lusch Stephen J. 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
Deloitte's 2007 PCAOB Part II report identifies, among other issues, concerns related to the audit firm's quality controls with respect to auditing income tax accounts. We investigate whether Deloitte's actions to remediate the PCAOB's concerns are associated with changes to their clients' financial reporting for income taxes. We find that Deloitte's clients increased the reported valuation allowance on deferred tax assets and increased the reported reserve for uncertain tax benefits (UTBs) in response to increased auditor scrutiny over income tax accounts. Additionally, we find that in subsequent periods, Deloitte's clients report valuation allowances and UTB balances that are not significantly different than other annually inspected auditors, consistent with Deloitte changing the quality controls related to audits of income tax accounts after the failed remediation of the 2007 Part II report.
The “Big” Consequences of IFRS: How and When Does the Adoption of IFRS Benefit Global Accounting Firms?
Authors: Wieczynska Maria 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
I investigate how the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) affects audit markets. Specifically, I examine the effect of IFRS adoption on the likelihood and direction of auditor switching in a sample of firms from five European Union countries: the United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, Italy, and Poland during the period from 1998 through 2010. I hypothesize that IFRS adoption creates an expert advantage for global audit firms (i.e., Big 4 audit firms, Grant Thornton, and BDO) during a regime shift in reporting standards. I find that clients are more likely to switch from small to global audit firms in the year of IFRS adoption. I also hypothesize that the strength of a country's regulatory regime affects the likelihood of auditor replacement around IFRS adoption. I find that firms listed in countries with high-quality regulation and enforcement are significantly more likely to switch from small to global audit firms in the year of IFRS adoption (with the odds of the switch almost doubled when compared to non-adoption years). In weaker regulatory regimes, IFRS adoption is not associated with an increase in auditor switching. Additional tests provide evidence that global audit firms' advantage stems from their perceived IFRS expertise. Finally, the results confirm that not only Big 4, but also Grant Thornton and BDO, benefit from IFRS adoption.
Applying Basic Gamification Techniques to IT Compliance Training: Evidence from the Lab and Field
Authors: Baxter Ryan J. , Holderness D. Kip , Wood David A. 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
Companies depend on internal control to protect the integrity of information systems. IT security and data privacy training are critical controls for safeguarding company information. Employees often dislike the training, however, which can cause a lack of attention to, and poor understanding of, training concepts leading to less effective internal control. To improve the training experience, companies are implementing principles of games in employee training modules, a practice known as gamification. Utilizing a laboratory experiment on data privacy training and a field study involving IT security training for employees of a bank, we test whether a training environment with basic gamification elements results in greater trainee satisfaction and knowledge acquisition than traditional, non-gamified training. We find basic gamification results in higher satisfaction levels in the lab and field, but only marginally significant improvements in learning. Furthermore, these learning improvements are quite small (e.g., 1 to 3 percent). Finally, we find that “gamers” (i.e., those who participate in gaming on their own time) gain more knowledge from gamified training than “non-gamers,” although gamers are less satisfied with gamified training.
Data Availability: Please contact the authors.
Accounting for Biological Assets and the Cost of Debt
Authors: Daly Abbie , Skaife Hollis A. 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
Firms engaged in agriculture generate revenue from biological assets that manifest in the cultivation of bearer fruits and nuts, the tilling of crops, and the production of livestock and forestry. We investigate whether firms' cost of debt is associated with the measurement method they use to account for their biological assets. We find that the cost of debt is higher for firms using the fair value method of accounting for their biological assets relative to firms using historical cost. However, the positive association between the cost of debt and fair value is driven by firms that transform bearer plants, i.e., living plants that ultimately bear produce for more than one year. We also document that fair value combined with auditor attested IFRS use results in a lower cost of debt for firms transforming other types of biological assets. Our cross-country study focuses on a class of assets previously unexplored, and contributes to the literature that examines the consequences of fair value accounting for financial statement users.
JEL Classifications: G39; H25; M41.