bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case of severe and prolonged γ‐hydroxybutyrate (GHB) withdrawal syndrome successfully managed with a slow benzodiazepine and baclofen taper
Authors: Gupta Rachit , Moon Greta , Bonomo Yvonne , Pastor Adam 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionγ‐hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a GABA‐B agonist that rapidly produces effects that are likened to both alcohol and MDMA/ecstasy. GHB use can lead to neuroadaptation with a characteristic withdrawal syndrome. There is currently a paucity of data on the progression of GHB withdrawal, however, due to the drug's short half‐life it is generally considered to be typically 5–7 days, although some cases can be severe and complicated by life threatening delirium. Here, we present a case of severe GHB withdrawal, which recurred on multiple occasions over 56 days, despite initial clinical stabilisation on each occasion and toxicological evidence of abstinence from GHB between episodes.Case PresentationA male patient in his 30s presented with agitated delirium on a background of severe GHB use disorder with a 15‐year history of daily high dose GHB use. Following 3 hospital admissions over 8 weeks, all requiring intravenous sedation and tracheal intubation, the patient's withdrawal delirium was successfully treated with a slow benzodiazepine and baclofen wean over a period of 6 months. Relapse to GHB use between hospitalisations was excluded toxicologically via blood analysis performed at an institute of forensic pathology.Discussion and ConclusionsThis case highlights that GHB withdrawal can be more prolonged than previously reported in the literature and in some cases may require slow and prolonged tapering of treatment to prevent re‐emergence of delirium. Similar to previous case reports, benzodiazepines and GABA‐B receptor agonists appear to be appropriate drug classes to manage GHB withdrawal.
Encoding colors and tones into working memory concurrently: A developmental investigation
Authors: Cowan Nelson , Guitard Dominic 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWorking memory serves as a means to accumulate information and reorganize it. Researchers have long assumed that the natural organization of information is one stream at a time. This logic leads to the expectation that, when two different series of stimuli are to be remembered, performance should be superior if the series are presented one before the other in succession, rather than concurrently. Moreover, different accounts of attentional limits lead to different expectations for the change in the ability to encode two sets across age groups in childhood. Testing children from first grade (6–7 years) to adulthood, we presented sequences of colored objects and tones in succession or concurrently (with one color accompanying an unrelated tone) and found that performance was equally good no matter which presentation method was used. The results for both presentation methods closely matched the intricate pattern of development observed by Cowan et al. (2018), who used successive presentation only. We found marked developmental improvement in the ability to retain materials in each modality without an increasing cost of attention‐sharing between modalities. Humans at least from the elementary school years through young adulthood thus display an ability to accommodate and organize two concurrent streams of information.Research Highlights
Memory for stimuli from multiple modalities is relevant to school performance and learning; here we investigate how attention is shared between remembering colors and tones.
Participants received four colors and/or four tones for subsequent recognition on a trial, with dual modalities presented successively (0.5 s per stimulus) or concurrently (0.5 s per pair).
Successive versus concurrent presentation had little effect on recognition, and the marked increase in memory performance with age did not come from dividing attention during encoding or maintenance.
Children as young as first grade thus can encode and organize for later recognition colors and concurrently‐presented, but unrelated, tones.
To stay or not to stay? Temporal shifts in dung beetle occupancy in a cloud forest landscape
Authors: Barretto Julliana , Suárez‐Domínguez Emilio Alfonso , Cultid‐Medina Carlos A. , Escobar Federico 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Dynamic occupancy model estimates the probabilities of occupancy, detection, extinction and colonization of individuals throughout seasons and is, thus, a useful tool for identifying whether individuals select a site to improve population phenology and fitness.
We used multi‐season dynamics occupancy models to assess how abiotic factors (monthly variation, percentage of forest and edge and temperature) and biotic factors (female abundance) affect the demographic dynamics of coprophagous beetles Deltochilum mexicanum and Dichotomius satanas that differ in their habitat preferences in a human‐modified landscape in a cloud forest in Mexico.
For both species, we captured a total of 1069 individuals with a density of 48.2 individuals per trap in forest areas and 14.8 individuals per trap in non‐forest areas. The species differed in their spatiotemporal occupancy dynamics in the landscape. Specifically, we found that monthly variation, percentage of forest cover and percentage of edge affected the models for both species. Each species showed a specific set of explanatory covariates for the model parameters, indicating that phenological and demographic regulatory mechanisms act as drivers of the spatiotemporal occupancy in a year period.
We highlight the importance of considering abiotic factors (landscape characteristics) as drivers of occupancy, especially in highly heterogeneous landscapes. Such understanding is relevant to establish the effects of the landscape on the distribution and occurrence of dung beetles by determining how forest and generalist species differ in colonization and extinction patterns with respect to their phenology.
EIF4A3‐Induced CircDHTKD1 regulates glycolysis in non‐small cell lung cancer via stabilizing PFKL
Authors: Liu Zhenghua , Li Wenya , Wang Ziyi , Yang Qiwei , Chen Liang , Chen Weiyang , Qu Xiaohan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLung cancer (LC) is one of the malignancies with the highest incidence and mortality in the world, approximately 85% of which is non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) exert multiple roles in NSCLC occurrence and development. The sequencing results in previous literature have illustrated that multiple circRNAs exhibit upregulation in NSCLC. We attempted to figure out which circRNA exerts an oncogenic role in NSLCL progression. RT‐qPCR evaluated circDHTKD1 level in NSCLC tissue specimens and cells. Reverse transcription as well as RNase R digestion assay evaluated circDHTKD1 circular characterization in NSCLC cells. FISH determined circDHTKD1 subcellular distribution in NSCLC cells. Loss‐ and gain‐of‐function assays clarified circDHTKD1 role in NSCLC cell growth, tumour growth and glycolysis. Bioinformatics and RIP and RNA pull‐down assessed association of circDHTKD1 with upstream molecule Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A‐III (EIF4A3) or downstream molecule phosphofructokinase‐1 liver type (PFKL) and insulin‐like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) in NSCLC cells. Rescue assays assessed regulatory function of PFKL in circDHTKD1‐meidated NSCLC cellular phenotypes. CircDHTKD1 exhibited upregulation and stable circular nature in NSCLC cells. EIF4A3 upregulated circDHTKD1 in NSCLC cells. CircDHTKD1 exerted a promoting influence on NSCLC cell malignant phenotypes and tumour growth. CircDHTKD1 exerted a promoting influence on NSCLC glucose metabolism. CircDHTKD1 exerts a promoting influence on NSCLC glucose metabolism through PFKL upregulation. RIP and RNA pull‐down showed that circDHTKD1 could bind to IGF2BP, PFKL could bind to IGF2BP2, and circDHTKD1 promoted the binding of PFKL to IGF2BP2. In addition, RT‐qPCR showed that IGF2BP2 knockdown promoted PFKL mRNA degradation, suggesting that IGF2BP2 stabilized PFKL in NSCLC cells. CircDHTKD1 exhibits upregulation in NSCLC. We innovatively validate that EIF4A3‐triggered circDHTKD1 upregulation facilitates NSCLC glycolysis through recruiting m6A reader IGF2BP2 to stabilize PFKL, which may provide a new direction for seeking targeted therapy plans of NSCLC.
The efficacy of reconstructive therapy in the surgical management of peri‐implantitis: A 3‐year follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Renvert Stefan , Giovannoli Jean‐Louis , Rinke Sven 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo assess whether guided bone regeneration (GBR) treatment of peri‐implantitis‐related bony defects could improve healing compared to open flap debridement (OFD) at 36 months.Materials and MethodsIn a multi‐centre, randomized clinical trial, 32 individuals received OFD (control group [CG]) and 34 GBR treatment (test group [TG]). Radiographic defect fill (RDF), probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP) suppuration (SUP), mucosal recession (MREC) and patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) were evaluated at 36 months.ResultsFifty individuals attended a supportive peri‐implant therapy program and completed the 36‐month follow‐up. GBR treatment resulted in an RDF of 2.13 ± 1.26 mm compared to 1.64 ± 1.54 mm following OFD (p = .18). No difference was found in PPD, BOP, SUP, REC or PROs between the groups. Successful treatment (no additional bone loss, PPD ≤ 5 mm, no BOP and no SUP) was achieved in 46.2% in TG and 20% in CG (p = .053). Treatment results obtained at 12 months were generally maintained up to 36 months. No significant changes were noticed between 12 and 36 months.ConclusionsAt 36 months, treatment results obtained at 1 year were sustained following both GBR and OFD in patients attending supportive peri‐implant therapy. GBR resulted in more RDF and higher composite treatment success rate than OFD (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier [NCT02375750]).
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis: European expert consensus for diagnosis and management
Authors: Tetart F. , Walsh S. , Milpied B. , Gaspar K. , Vorobyev A. , Tiplica G. S. , Didona B. , Welfringer‐Morin A. , Kucinskiene V. , Bensaid B. , Marvanova E. , Salavastru C. , Brezinova E. , Chua S. L. , Lovgren M. L. , Hammers C. M. , Barbaud A. , Mortz C. G. , Horvath B. , Meyersburg D. , Lebrun‐Vignes B. , Bodemer C. , Brüggen M. C. , French L. E. , Ingen‐Housz‐Oro S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAcute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a rare, usually drug‐induced, acute pustular rash. Despite the lack of strong data supporting the effectiveness of topical or systemic corticosteroids in this drug reaction, they are widely used. More generally, there is no consensus on the diagnostic modalities and the management of patients with AGEP. We aimed to provide European expert recommendations for the diagnosis and management or patients with AGEP. Members of the ToxiTEN group of the European Reference Network (ERN)‐skin, all dermatologists and/or allergologists with expertise in drug reactions, elaborated these recommendations based on their own experience and on a review of the literature. Recommendations were separated into the following categories: professionals involved, assessment of the diagnosis of AGEP, management of the patient and allergological work‐up after the acute phase. Consensus was obtained among experts for the list of professionals involved for the diagnosis and management of AGEP, including the minimum diagnostic work‐up, the setting of management, the treatments, the modalities and the timing of allergological work‐up and follow‐up. European experts in drug allergies propose herein consensus on the diagnosis and management of patients with AGEP. A multidisciplinary approach is warranted, including dermatologists, allergologists and pharmacovigilance services.
Utilizing the 4Ms framework to create a structure and process to support voluntary health assessments in affordable housing
Authors: Perweiler Elyse , DeGennaro Jennifer , Pomerantz Sherry , Mock Marilyn , Avallone Margaret , Truchil Aaron , Singer Stephen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundA growing number of older adults live in senior affordable housing, many with limited support systems and representing underserved or disadvantaged populations. Staff in these buildings are in a unique position to identify and address the healthcare and biopsychosocial needs of their residents and link them to services and supports.MethodsStaff in four affordable housing sites received training on the 4Ms approach to caring for older adults and conducting resident health assessments. They learned to collect comprehensive health information using a 4Ms Resident Health Risk Assessment (4Ms‐RHRA) and results are entered into a customized electronic database. Embedded flags identify potential risk factors and initiate a follow‐up process for documenting interventions and tracking referrals to healthcare and supportive services.ResultsEighty‐one percent of the 221 4Ms‐RHRAs completed with residents (63% female, mean age 71.1 years, 73% live alone) were flagged for at least one concern (Mean = 2.2 flags). Items addressing What Matters were most frequently flagged: resident's “most important health issue” (55%) and Advance Care Planning (ACP: 48%). In response, staff provided Advance Directive forms and Five Wishes pamphlets to interested residents and reminded residents to review ACP documents annually.ConclusionTraining affordable housing staff, precepting faculty, and students to conduct health assessments based on the 4Ms framework and longitudinally track interventions related to resident‐centered needs and manage long‐term service and supports is a first step in creating an interprofessional workforce capable of addressing the complex needs of older individuals in affordable housing.
Fungal diversity associated with cherry fruit rot in the Shandong province, China
Authors: Liu Ting , Xu Xi , Han Chuang , Wang Yumeng , Zhang Li , Guo Lifeng , Chen Yibing , Song Zhen , Wang Xiangjing , Xiang Wensheng , Zhao Junwei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is commonly affected by fruit rot, leading to reduction in yield and economic loss. In 2022, 144 symptomatic cherry fruit were randomly collected from 11 orchards in Yantai city. A total of 107 fungal strains were isolated and classified into eight species based on morphological and multi‐locus phylogenetic analysis, including Alternaria alternata/tenuissima species complex (79.44%), Fusarium lateritium species complex (FLSC) (9.34%), F. verticillioides (2.80%), F. incarnatum (2.80%), F. proliferatum (1.87%), Diaporthe eres (1.87%), Botryosphaeria dothidea (0.94%), and Nothophoma quercina (0.94%), wherein A. alternata/tenuissima species complex was the most dominant genus. All fungal isolates showed aggressiveness on both wounded and unwounded cherry fruit, wherein D. eres exhibited the strongest virulence, and F. verticillioides had the lowest pathogenicity. This work systematically studied the fungal pathogens related to cherry fruit rot and first reported D. eres, B. dothidea, F. verticillioides, F. incarnatum, and N. quercina as the causal agents associated with cherry fruit rot in China. The results of this study will be helpful to get a better understanding about the causal agents of cherry fruit rot in China and provide a theoretical basis for the field control of this disease.
Adaptation of a Sensory Reactivity Assessment for Use With Children in the Western Cape Province, South Africa
Authors: Watkyns Ann Frances , Cloete Lizahn Gracia , Parham Linda Diane 
Published: July 2024

Background: Sensory reactivity (SR) difficulties are characterised by problems regulating an individual’s responses to sensory input such that it interferes with occupational performance in daily tasks. South African occupational therapists use assessments developed in the United States to identify SR difficulties in children. These have been found to be inappropriate for the South African context. This study reports on the methodology used to adapt an assessment for use in the Western Cape Province of South Africa.Method: The SPM‐2 Child and Preschool caregiver self‐report questionnaires and seven tests of the performance‐based Evaluation in Ayres Sensory Integration (EASI) that assess SR were identified for adaptation. A qualitative methodology was used to identify challenges using the assessment in a sample of the Western Cape population. Cognitive interviews were conducted with six community members from diverse socioeconomic groupings. Inductive analysis was used to identify and group the emerging themes. The test adaptation was conducted by expert occupational therapists based on these findings.Findings: Challenges were grouped into two themes, namely, language challenges, of which there were three subcategories and inappropriate or threatening assessment tasks. Fifty‐three changes were made to the assessment.Conclusion: A detailed methodology was developed to adapt a SR assessment for use in the Western Cape Province. Challenges in using the assessment were elicited primarily from community members rather than professionals.
Comparing online and onsite simulation modules for improving knowledge and confidence in disaster preparedness among undergraduate medical students
Authors: Krishnan S Vimal , Katyal Aaditya , Nair Soumya S , Nayak Kirtana Raghurama 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Disaster preparedness is one of the critical strategies for effectively managing disasters and has been an area of high focus in the healthcare sector over the past few decades. The current Indian medical undergraduate curriculum does not describe any novel methods for disaster preparedness training. There is a need for a better understanding of novel teaching-learning methods and modes for administering disaster preparedness training among Indian medical students.

Objectives
Describe the undergraduate medical students’ baseline knowledge and confidence level of disaster preparedness. Compare undergraduate medical students’ knowledge scores and confidence levels on disaster preparedness after online and onsite delivery of the disaster preparedness module.

Methods
In this educational interventional study, 103 medical students were divided into two groups and subjected to an online or onsite session of the validated disaster preparedness module (based on the COVID-19 pandemic), encompassing a simulation-based tabletop exercise. Baseline testing was done for 52 participants in the online group and 51 in the onsite group of the study. Post-intervention, they were assessed with single-response type MCQs for knowledge and Likert scale-based questions for confidence scores. The pretest and posttest scores were collected, and the data were analysed using two-tailed t-tests for paired analysis of within-group (online group or onsite group) and heteroscedastic analysis of between-group datasets.

Results
One hundred and three participants completed the exercise—52 participants were from the online group, and 51 were from the onsite group. After the intervention, there was a statistically significant increase in knowledge and confidence in both online and onsite groups. There is, however, no significant difference in the ‘percentage change’ in ‘knowledge’ or ‘confidence’ between the groups.

Conclusions
Our study indicates that the disaster preparedness module, delivered online and onsite, improves knowledge and confidence among undergraduate medical students. However, there is no superiority between one mode of delivery and the other. We conclude that online training can facilitate disaster preparedness training as a corollary to the prescribed traditional training methods for undergraduate medical students in India.
Metabolomics combined with network pharmacology reveals the potential development value of Campanumoea javanica Bl. and its metabolite differences with Codonopsis Radix
Authors: Peng Jie , Liu Sha , Wu Xuanlin , Li Shuo , Xie Jian , Wang Yong , Yao Qiuyang , Wu Faming , Zhang Delin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCampanumoea javanica Bl. (CJ) traditionally used in Southwestern China, is now widely consumed as a health food across the nation. Due to its similar efficacy to Codonopsis Radix (CR) and their shared botanical family, CJ is often used as a substitute for CR. According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta (Nannf.) L.T. Shen (CPM), Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. (CP), and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv. (CT) are the primary sources of CR. However, details on the differences in composition, effectiveness, and compositional between CJ and CR are still limited. Besides, there is little evidence to support the application of CJ as a drug. In this study, we employed widely targeted metabolomics, network pharmacology analysis, and molecular docking to explore the disparities in metabolite profiles between CJ and CR and to predict the pharmacological mechanisms of the dominant differential metabolites of CJ and their potential medicinal applications. The widely targeted metabolomics results indicated that 1,076, 1,102, 1,102, and 1,093 compounds, most phenolic acids, lipids, amino acids, and flavonoids, were characterized in CJ, CPM, CP, and CT, respectively. There were an average of 1061 shared compounds in CJ and CRs, with 95.07% similarity in metabolic profiles. Most of the metabolites in CJ were previously unreported. Twelve of the seventeen dominant metabolites found in CJ were directly associated with treating cancer and lactation, similar to the traditional medicinal efficacy. The molecular docking results showed that the dominant metabolites of CJ had good docking activity with the core targets PIK3R1, PIK3CA, ESR1, HSP90AA1, EGFR, and AKT1. This study provides a scientific basis for understanding the similarities and differences between CJ and CR at the metabolome level, offering a theoretical foundation for developing innovative medications from CJ. Additionally, it significantly enhances the metabolite databases for both CJ and CR.
Effect of inferior caval valve implantation on circulating immune cells and inflammatory mediators in severe tricuspid regurgitation
Authors: Mattig Isabel , Hewing Bernd , Knebel Fabian , Meisel Christian , Ludwig Antje , Konietschke Frank , Stangl Verena , Stangl Karl , Laule Michael , Dreger Henryk 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Interventional valve implantation into the inferior vena cava (CAVI) lowers venous congestion in patients with tricuspid regurgitation (TR). We evaluated the impact of a reduction of abdominal venous congestion following CAVI on circulating immune cells and inflammatory mediators.

Methods
Patients with severe TR were randomized to optimal medical therapy (OMT) + CAVI (n = 8) or OMT (n = 10). In the OMT + CAVI group, an Edwards Sapien XT valve was implanted into the inferior vena cava. Immune cells and inflammatory mediators were measured in the peripheral blood at baseline and three-month follow-up.

Results
Leukocytes, monocytes, basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, B, T and natural killer cells and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, interferon-gamma, interleukin-2, -4, -5, -10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) did not change substantially between baseline and three-month follow-up within the OMT + CAVI and OMT group.

Conclusion
The present data suggest that reduction of venous congestion following OMT + CAVI may not lead to substantial changes in systemic inflammation within a short-term follow-up.

Clinical trial registration
NCT02387697

Graphical Abstract