bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detoxification as a potential intervention for improving in vitro fertilization outcomes: a comparative analysis of failed cycles before and after detox
Authors: Ogunsola Oluwole I. , Adeyi Atinuke , Ashiru Oladapo A. 
Published: July 2024

Objectives:
In vitro fertilization (IVF) success rates vary, posing challenges for patients with repeated failed cycles. Environmental toxins, including endocrine-disrupting chemicals, may contribute to IVF failure. Detoxification has emerged as a potential intervention to improve outcomes, but its efficacy remains uncertain.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from 65 IVF patients undergoing detoxification at a private fertility clinic in Lagos, Nigeria, between 2020 and 2022. Demographic data, IVF history, and detoxification details were collected. Logistic regression assessed the impact of age and failed IVF cycles on live birth outcomes, with odds ratios calculated.

Results:
Of 65 patients, 33 achieved a positive pregnancy outcome after detoxification. A significant reduction in failed IVF cycles postdetoxification was observed (P < 0.0001). Logistic regression indicated that older age and more failed IVF cycles were associated with decreased odds of live birth. However, detoxification mitigated this effect, reducing the odds of failed IVF cycles, although not significantly.

Conclusion:
Detoxification shows promise as an intervention to improve IVF outcomes in patients with repeated failed cycles. By reducing failed IVF cycles and enhancing live birth rates, detoxification may optimize reproductive success. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm these findings and elucidate underlying mechanisms. Nonetheless, our study highlights the importance of considering environmental factors and adopting holistic approaches to enhance IVF success.
Analysis of intraocular lens packaging weight and waste
Authors: Keyser Andrew , Chang David F. , Thiel Cassandra , Hovanesian John 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
To analyze waste from intraocular lens (IOL) packaging across a variety of brands.

Setting:
Private clinical practice.

Design:
Prospective weight and composition analysis of all elements of unopened packages of IOLs sold in the United States—both preloaded and non-preloaded.

Methods:
Samples were collected from multiple IOL companies in 2023. The primary end point for comparison was the total weight of each IOL package, because this generally correlates with the carbon footprint. The percentage of total weight contributed by paper, plastic, Tyvek, foil, sterile saline solution (fluid), metal, or glossy paper material was also calculated.

Results:
The non-preloaded IOL package weights ranged from 29 g (Zeiss Lucia) to 80 g (RxSIGHT LAL). Most of the weight was attributable to paper, including the box and instructions for use (IFUs) pamphlet. The latter was generally the largest component within the box. The weights of preloaded IOL packages were generally higher than those of their non-preloaded counterparts and ranged from 67 g (Hoya iSert) to 116 g (Rayner RayOne Spheric).

Conclusions:
Meaningful differences in IOL packaging weight and waste were noted across different models and manufacturers. Electronic IFUs linked to QR codes could replace the need for an IFU pamphlet within every box, significantly reducing the box's size, weight, and carbon footprint. Pairing preloaded IOL cartridges with autoclavable injectors could reduce associated waste. Because of the enormous global volume of IOL implantation, these waste-reducing strategies should be prioritized by IOL manufacturers.
Costs of Presenteeism and Absenteeism Associated With Psychological Distress Among Male and Female Older Workers
Authors: Gilbert-Ouimet Mahée , Sultan-Taïeb Hélène , Aubé Karine , Matteau Léonie , Trudel Xavier , Brisson Chantal , Guertin Jason Robert 
Published: July 2024

Objective
We estimated, for women and men (1) the associations between psychological distress and the prevalences of presenteeism and absenteeism, (2) average hours lost annually per person, and (3) costs from the employers' economic perspective.

Methods
Participants were 1292 Canadian white-collar workers. Psychological distress, presenteeism, and absenteeism were assessed with validated questionnaires. The average annual hours of productivity loss and related costs were estimated using generalized linear models with a negative binomial distribution and a log link.

Results
High psychological distress in women and men was associated with presenteeism costs ($6944 and $8432) and absenteeism costs ($2337 and $2796 per person). The association between psychological distress and annual hours lost to presenteeism was twice stronger for men than women.

Conclusions
Productivity losses associated with psychological distress are high in women and men older workers.
Tenfold Increase: Acute Pediatric Mastoiditis Before, During, and After COVID-19 Restrictions
Authors: Draut Sarah , Müller Joachim , Hempel John-Martin , Schrötzlmair Florian , Simon Florian 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Acute mastoiditis (AM) is a relatively rare complication arising from acute otitis media, a common condition among children. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted AM cases. We noted a surge in pediatric AM cases in Germany after COVID-19 restrictions were lifted in 2022. This study assesses AM incidence and the clinical course in children before, during, and after the pandemic. The study also explores complication rates and microbial changes.

Methods
Participants: We included children (0–18 yr) diagnosed with AM who underwent mastoidectomy at a tertiary-care university hospital from January 2012 to June 2023.
Objectives: We aimed to evaluate AM incidence during pre-COVID, COVID, and post-COVID periods; assess complications; and analyze the microbial spectrum.
Data Analysis: Incidence and complication rates were compared between periods, along with the microbial spectrum.

Results
Population: 75 children were included (median age, 3.3 yr).
Incidence: Significant increases in AM cases occurred in the post-COVID period compared to pre-COVID and COVID periods. No significant difference was observed between pre-COVID and COVID periods.
Complications: Complication rates increased notably in the post-COVID period compared to pre-COVID and COVID periods with respect to more sensitive imaging methods being used in the post-COVID period. No significant difference was observed between pre-COVID and COVID periods.
Spectrum of Pathogens: No significant differences were found in pathogen distribution between periods. Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae were common throughout.

Discussion
The study highlights a substantial rise in AM cases and complications after COVID-19 restrictions were lifted in Germany. This underscores the importance of monitoring infectious diseases and their complications during health crises. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of contrast-enhanced imaging. Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms behind this trend.

Conclusion
The study reveals a significant increase in pediatric AM cases and complications following the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Adequate computed tomographic or magnetic resonance imaging, including contrast enhancement, is shown to be a very important parameter beside clinical symptoms in deciding for the right therapy. Thus, surgical treatment became more important. Continuous monitoring and adaptive healthcare strategies during health crises are vital for optimal patient care. Further research is warranted to understand the reasons behind these trends and to inform future pandemic preparedness efforts.
Long-term blood pressure variability and risk of cardiovascular diseases in populations with different blood pressure status: an ambispective cohort study
Authors: Li Jinnan , Qu Ting , Li Ying , Li Pengcheng , Luo Benmai , Yi Yue , Shi Aibin , Pang Zhixin , Chu Yuting , Zhao Yuxin , Yang Li , Xu Shaopeng , Xie Juan , Zhu Hong 
Published: July 2024

Objective
We aimed to investigate the correlation between long-term blood pressure variability (BPV) and the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) among population with different blood pressure statuses (normotension, well-controlled hypertension, and uncontrolled hypertension).

Methods
In this ambispective cohort study, CVD-free residents aged over 50 years were consecutively enrolled from two community health service centers (CHCs) in Tianjin, China from April 2017 to May 2017. Information on blood pressure was retrospectively extracted from electronic medical records of CHCs between January 2010 and May 2017, and the occurrence of new-onset CVDs was prospectively observed during follow-up until September 2019. Long-term variation of SBP and DBP was assessed using four indicators: SD, coefficient of variation (CV), average successive variability (ASV), and average real variability (ARV). Cox proportional hazards regression model was developed to identify the potential impact of BPV on the incidence of CVDs. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was utilized to evaluate the predictive value of BPV indicators for the occurrence of CVDs.

Results
Of 1275 participants included, 412 (32.3%) experienced new CVD events during the median 7.7 years of follow-up, with an incidence density of 499/10 000 person-year in the whole cohort. Cox regression analysis revealed that almost all SBP and DBP variability indicators (except for SBP-SD) were significantly related to the risk of CVDs, especially among individuals with well-controlled hypertension. A trend toward an increased risk of CVDs across BPV quartiles was also observed. Moderate predictive abilities of BPV were observed, with the area under ROC curves ranging between 0.649 and 0.736. For SBP variability, SD had the lowest predictive ability, whereas for DBP variability, ARV had the lowest predictive ability. No significant association of CVDs with SBP-SD was found in all analyses, no matter as a continuous or categorical variable.

Conclusion
Elevated long-term BPV is associated with an increased risk of CVDs, especially among individuals with well-controlled hypertension. CV and ASV had higher predictive values than SD and ARV.
The prognostic relevance of exercise pulmonary hypertension in cardiac and pulmonary diseases
Authors: Zeder Katarina , Douschan Philipp , Foris Vasile , Sassmann Teresa , Maron Bradley A. , Olschewski Horst , Kovacs Gabor 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
In this review, we provide an overview of the prognostic implications of exPH in patients with various common cardiac and pulmonary diseases.

Recent findings
Exercise pulmonary hypertension (exPH) has been recently re-introduced in the current European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society pulmonary hypertension guidelines. Accordingly, exPH is defined as a mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP)/cardiac output (CO) slope greater than 3 mmHg/l/min. Key considerations for this re-introduction included increasing understanding on normal pulmonary hemodynamics during exercise and the broadly available evidence on the association of an abnormal mPAP/CO slope with poor survival in the general population and in different disease entities.

Summary
Exercise (patho-)physiology has opened a new field for clinical research facilitating recognition of cardiovascular and pulmonary vascular diseases in an early stage. Such early recognition with significant prognostic and possibly therapeutic relevance, but being undetectable at rest, makes exercise pulmonary hemodynamics particularly interesting for common diseases, such as valvular heart disease, left heart disease, and chronic pulmonary disease.
Cardiac sarcoidosis and neurosarcoidosis – multidisciplinary approach for diagnosis
Authors: Kouranos Vasileios , Sharma Rakesh , Wells Athol , Singh-Curry Victoria 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
The current review aims to highlight the role of multidisciplinary approach in the diagnosis of patients with cardiac and neurosarcoidosis. Multidisciplinary approach integrates the available clinical information, imaging and histopathological results aiming to reach a definite or at least provisional diagnosis and allow appropriate management. Multidisciplinary approach is the reference standard for diagnosis of interstitial lung disease and should be strongly considered in complex clinical conditions such as cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) and neurosarcoidosis.

Recent findings
Histopathological confirmation of noncaseating granulomatous inflammation provides a definite diagnosis of sarcoidosis involving any organ. However, a provisional high confidence or even definite clinical diagnosis can be reached using multidisciplinary evaluation of all available evidence. The diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis and neurosarcoidosis requires the integration of different expertise based on the current diagnostic criteria sets. Identifying typical or at least compatible patterns on advanced imaging modalities (CMR and Fluro-Deoxy-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET)) seems key for the diagnosis of CS, while a confident diagnosis of extra-cardiac disease supports an at least provisional diagnosis. Similarly, in neurosarcoidosis integrating compatible MRI appearances and cerebrospinal fluid results in patients with systemic sarcoidosis allows an at least provisional diagnosis. Exclusion of alternative differential diagnoses is crucial and requires high clinical suspicion, imaging review expertise and appropriate tests performance.

Summary
There have been considerable advances in the diagnostic approach of patients with cardiac and neurosarcoidosis. Multidisciplinary approach for both diagnosis and management is required to reach a confident clinical diagnosis and should be applied when possible.
Nevi – when to refer
Authors: Shah Saloni A. , Jahnke Marla N. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
Congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) and acquired nevi are prevalent in pediatric populations, with distinct characteristics and management considerations. This chapter aims to equip pediatricians with knowledge to discern between benign and high-risk nevi, facilitating appropriate referrals and management within primary care settings. Risk factors associated with malignant melanoma (MM) underscore the importance of vigilant monitoring and early referral to dermatology for suspicious lesions.

Recent findings
Recent findings highlight the variability in CMN presentation and the evolving diagnostic strategies, emphasizing the need for multidisciplinary approaches to optimize patient outcomes.

Summary
Management of CMN involves tailored surveillance and intervention strategies, with an emphasis on early identification of high-risk features for MM and neurocutaneous melanosis (NCM). Pediatricians play a crucial role in advocating for sun protection practices and facilitating timely referrals, thereby contributing to the overall well being of pediatric patients with nevi.
Management of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation in the Perioperative Period: The Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE Consensus Conference
Authors: Willems Ariane , Anders Marc M. , Garcia Alejandro V. , Vogel Adam M. , Yates Andrew R. , Muszynski Jennifer A. , Alexander Peta M.A. , Steffen Katherine , Emani Sitaram , Gehred Alison , Lyman Elizabeth , Raman Lakshmi ,   for the Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation [ECMO] Anticoagulation CollaborativE (PEACE), in collaboration with the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network, the Pediatric Critical Care Blood Research Network (BloodNet), and Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network, and the Pediatric ECMO subgroup of PALISI and the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (PediECMO)
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVES:
To derive systematic review-informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding the management of children on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) undergoing invasive procedures or interventions developed by the Pediatric Anticoagulation on ECMO CollaborativE (PEACE) Consensus Conference.

DATA SOURCES:
A structured literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) databases from January 1988 to May 2021.

STUDY SELECTION:
ECMO anticoagulation and hemostasis management in the perioperative period and during procedures.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Two authors reviewed all citations independently, with a third independent reviewer resolving any conflicts. Seventeen references were used for data extraction and informed recommendations. Evidence tables were constructed using a standardized data extraction form.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. The evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. Forty-eight experts met over 2 years to develop evidence-based recommendations and, when evidence was lacking, expert-based consensus statements for the management of bleeding and thrombotic complications in pediatric ECMO patients. A web-based modified Delphi process was used to build consensus via the Research And Development/University of California Appropriateness Method. Consensus was defined as greater than 80% agreement. Four good practice statements, 7 recommendations, and 18 consensus statements are presented.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although agreement among experts was strong, important future research is required in this population for evidence-informed recommendations.
Antifibrinolytic and Adjunct Hemostatic Agents: The Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE Consensus Conference
Authors: Moynihan Katie M. , Ryerson Lindsay M. , Le Jennifer , Nicol Kathleen , Watt Kevin , Gadepalli Samir K. , Alexander Peta M.A. , Muszynski Jennifer A. , Gehred Alison , Lyman Elizabeth , Steiner Marie E. ,   for the Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Anticoagulation CollaborativE (PEACE), in collaboration with the Pediatric Critical Care Blood Research Network (BloodNet), and Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network, and the Pediatric ECMO subgroup of PALISI and the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (PediECMO)
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVES:
To derive systematic-review informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding antifibrinolytic and adjunct hemostatic agents in neonates and children supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for the Pediatric ECMO Anticoagulation CollaborativE consensus conference.

DATA SOURCES:
A structured literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) databases from January 1988 to May 2021.

STUDY SELECTION:
Use of antifibrinolytics (epsilon-aminocaproic acid [EACA] or tranexamic acid), recombinant factor VII activated (rFVIIa), or topical hemostatic agents (THAs).

DATA EXTRACTION:
Two authors reviewed all citations independently, with a third independent reviewer resolving conflicts. Eleven references were used for data extraction and informed recommendations. Evidence tables were constructed using a standardized data extraction form.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. The evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. Forty-eight experts met over 2 years to develop evidence-based recommendations and, when evidence was lacking, expert-based consensus statements for the management of bleeding and thrombotic complications in pediatric ECMO patients. A web-based modified Delphi process was used to build consensus via the Research And Development/University of California Appropriateness Method. Consensus was defined as greater than 80% agreement. One weak recommendation and three consensus statements are presented.

CONCLUSIONS:
Evidence supporting recommendations for administration of antifibrinolytics (EACA or tranexamic acid), rFVIIa, and THAs were sparse and inconclusive. Much work remains to determine effective and safe usage strategies.
Fecal microbiota transplantation in patients with spinal cord injury with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection: a case report
Authors: Wong Samford , Forbes Alastair , Kenssous Noureddine , Naidoo Anitha 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an emerging treatment for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) through reconstruction of the gut microbiota, but its impact in people with spinal cord injury (PWSCI) is limited. The aim of this paper is to report the use of FMT in a PWSCI with CDI.

Methods:
The FMT was conducted on October 30, 2019.

Results:
A 72-year-old man with T8 complete paraplegia from compression of the spinal cord due to an epidural hematoma was referred. He has known severe pancreatic enzyme insufficiency, malabsorption, and a history of recurrent CDI. Despite intensive dietetic treatment (probiotics, enteral nutrition, and parenteral nutrition), and multiple courses of antibiotics (vancomycin and fidaxomicin at various doses and durations) for CDI, he continued to be CDI-positive. His CDI was successfully treated after 2 colonoscopically delivered FMTs. At the 24-month follow-up, he remains CDI-negative and reports improved independence. Although there has been considerable variability in the criteria for the FMT and its mode of delivery, FMT can be an option to treat recurrent CDI.

Conclusion:
This case report reports a PWSCI with recurrent CDI who has been successfully treated with FMT and remains in long-term remission. It supports the consideration of FMT in PWSCI with CDI when antibiotic treatment has been unsuccessful.
Prevalence of neck pain and associated risk factors among the private sector office employees in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Sayed Imran , Chowdhury Md. Omar Sharif Ahmmed , Nasrin Sumaiya , Khatun Most. Rumpa , Hossain Shohal 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Globally, most people face several musculoskeletal problems, especially neck pain. Activities, work styles, and living standards of office employees in Bangladesh vary from place to place. Hence, our aim is to investigate the prevalence of neck pain and related risk factors in Bangladeshi private sector employees.

Methodology:
A sample was selected to assess neck pain prevalence and related risk factors among 384 private sector employees aged 21–60 years in Bangladesh. Regression analysis was performed on their socio-economic, neck pain, and associated risk factors information through interviews with questionnaires.

Results:
Data analysis shows that office employees have a relatively higher prevalence rate of cervical pain and it is 34.7%. In this study, we found the results of a logistic regression model to predict factors associated with neck pain. The results of this study indicated that individuals aged 40 years and above, with an OR of 6.148 (P = 0.046) and neck holding the forward bent posture for a prolonged time, were slightly significant to have neck pain (P<0.001).

Conclusions:
The neck pain prevalence was high among private sector office workers in Bangladesh and some associated neck pain factors were found in this study. The results of our investigation indicated that individuals with higher age, and neck holding position were slightly significant to have neck pain. These research findings also suggest scope for work strategies that can promote a positive work environment, such as short breaks at work and an ergonomic setting.