bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manufacturing Process Analysis Framework for Process Mining : Case Study of Fully Automated Factory Applications
Authors: Lee Yongho , Shin Junho , Lee Wonhee 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This paper presents a data-driven approach to improving the productivity of manufacturing companies operating under Make-To-Order (MTO). In this study, a comprehensive analysis of processes, time, resources, and quality is performed using process mining techniques. This enables an understanding of the manufacturing process flow from a global perspective and addresses bottlenecks and workload issues from a local perspective in the manufacturing environment. This approach was implemented in a fully automated machining and logistics testbed developed by the Korea Electronics Technology Institute. Through a case study, the practical application and effectiveness of this approach are demonstrated, including specific improvement proposals. The validation of these proposals through simulations, focusing on key processes, resulted in significant productivity improvements. Ultimately, this study aims to build a more efficient and competitive manufacturing environment by showcasing the potential of process mining and various data visualization and analysis techniques. The results of this study demonstrate that adhering to the proposed framework enables continuous process optimization and improved operational performance are achievable in the manufacturing sector.
Protein S Deficiency Presented as Pulmonary Artery Thromboembolism: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Fatahichegeni Mahsa , Ansarian Mohammad Amin , Ranjbarha Seifollah , Yuxin Fan , Jingping Zhang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Protein S is a rare vitamin K-dependent plasma glycoprotein that deactivates activated coagulation factors Va and VIIIa to disrupt secondary hemostasis. Protein S deficiency is an autosomal-dominant hereditary clotting condition linked to recurrent and spontaneous venous thrombosis. In their early adult years, patients typically have pulmonary embolism and spontaneous, recurrent deep vein thrombosis.This case should be reported due to the rarity of the congenital disease being considered and the efficacy of alternative therapy such as IVC filters.
Case presentation: We present the case of a 34-year-old Chinese man who experienced his first thrombotic episode in his pulmonary arteries. Protein S deficiency was revealed by thrombophilia screening. The patient rejected the recommendation to implant an inferior vena cava filter. The patient declined implantation of an inferior vena cava filter and received rivaroxaban and blood thinners to maintain stability. After 349 days of follow-up, the patient still had pulmonary embolism.
Conclusions: Although protein S deficiency is a rare cause of arterial thrombosis, it should still be considered because of its potential for recurrence and progression to more severe stages, particularly in East Asian populations.
Direct and indirect effects of land use on microbiomes of trap-nesting solitary bee larvae and nests
Authors: Peters Birte , Leonhardt Sara Diana , Schloter Michael , Keller Alexander 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The global decline in biodiversity and insect populations highlights the urgent to conserve ecosystem functions, such as plant pollination by solitary bees. Human activities, particularly agricultural intensification, pose significant threats to these essential services. Changes in land use alter resource and nest site availability, pesticide exposure and other factors impacting the richness, diversity, and health of solitary bee species. In this study, we investigated yet another facet currently less well investigated in such context: Microbial communities associated with wild bees play crucial roles in larval development, metabolism, ­immunity and overall bee health. However, the drivers and dynamics of healthy microbiome in solitary bees are still poorly understood, especially regarding the direct and indirect effects of land use on the diversity and composition of these microbial communities.
We examined bacterial communities in the offspring and nest materials of the Megachilid trap-nesting solitary bee, O. bicornis,along a gradient of land use intensification by 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding. Given that landscape composition, climatic conditions, and food resources are known to influence microbial compositions in solitary bee species, we hypothesized that land use changes would alter resources available for food and nest material collection and thereby affecting the microbiomes in offspring and their nest environments. We anticipated reduced microbial diversity and altered composition with increased land use intensification, which is known to decrease the number and diversity of resources, including the pool of floral and soil bacteria in the surrounding environment.
As expected, we observed significant shifts in the bacterial composition and diversity of bees and their nests across varying degrees of land use intensity, differing in management types and the availability of flowers. The Shannon diversity of bacteria in nest materials (larval pollen provision, soil nest enclosure) and larval guts decreased with increasing land use intensity. However, the pupae microbiome remained unaffected, indicating a reorganization of the microbiome during metamorphosis, which is not significantly influenced by land use and available resources. Our findings provide new insights into the factors shaping environmental transmission and changes in solitary bee microbiomes. This understanding is crucial for comprehending the impacts of intensive land use on wild bee health and developing strategies to mitigate these effects.
Preparation and Diagnosis Zinc oxide Nano Hybrid composite with silver Nano Particles and Study Kinetic Release silver Nano Particles
Authors: Alkhafaji Eussur N. , Umran Nibras Mossa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In this research, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were intercalated between layers of nano-metal oxides zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) by chemical methods (sol-gel method). The AgNPs were first prepared by chemical methods using glucose solution as a reducing agent to convert AgNO3 into AgNPs, and then they were intercalated between layers of ZnONPs. AgNPs were identified using visible spectrophotometry the highest wavelength value was 490 nm. The ZnONPs, AgNPs and Ag-ZnONPs compund were also identified using several techniques, including X-ray diffraction, FT-IR spectroscopy, AFM and SEM. The X-ray diffraction of the Ag-ZnOPNs compound indicates the presence of Ag metal on the surface of zinc oxide. While Scanning Electron Microscope examinations showed that the average particle size in Ag-ZnOPNs compund was 90nm, while the average particle size of AgNPs was 86nm, and the average size of pure ZnONPs was 89nm. While the Atomic Force Microscope technique revealed the three-dimensional image of the prepared compounds, the AgPNs aggregates had heights ranging from (0.00-5.41) nanometers, while the ZnOPNs aggregates had heights ranging from (-0.03-2.04) nanometers, while the molecular aggregates of the Ag-ZnOPNs compound rang (-0.09-4.99) nm. The release kinetics of AgPNs between ZnOPNs layers was studied it was the pseudo-second order model, and fiend percentage of release AgPNs within half an hour was approximately (99%) at pH 10.
Raman Spectroscopy as a Tool for Assessing Plant Growth in Space and on Lunar Regolith Simulants
Authors: Kurouski Dmitry , Rodriguez Axell , Barcenilla Borja Barbero , Hall Emily , Kundel Ishan , Meyers Alexander , Wyatt Sarah , Shippen Dorothy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Colonization of the Moon and other planets is an aspiration of NASA and may yield important benefits for our civilization. The feasibility of such endeavors depends on both innovative engineering concepts and successful adaptation of life forms that exist on Earth to inhospitable environs. In such missions plants will play a vital role as life support systems, supplying astronauts with food, oxygen, carbon dioxide recycling, and psychological well-being benefits. Therefore, understanding the adaptability of plants to harsher environments, including different gravitational forces and growth on extraterrestrial soils will be required. In this study, we investigate the potential of Raman spectroscopy (RS), a modern analytical technique, in a non-invasive and non-destructive assessment of changes in the biochemistry of plants exposed to zero gravity on the International Space Station and during growth on lunar regolith simulants on Earth. We report that RS can sense changes in plant carotenoids, pectin, cellulose, and phenolics, which in turn, could be used to gauge the degree of plant stress to the new environments. Our findings also demonstrate that RS can monitor the efficiency of soil supplements that can be used to mitigate nutrient-free regolith media. We conclude that RS can serve as a highly efficient, fast, and label-free approach for monitoring plant health in exotic environments.
Safety culture evaluation in Sarawak General Hospital: a cross-sectional study using Safety Attitude Questionnaire (SAQ)
Authors: Kim Alex Ren Jye , Tan Shirin Hui , Kho Irene Khai Yen , Cuki Farahfaiza , Lee Yew Fong , Ngian Hie Ung 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Patient safety involves proactive and systematic efforts within healthcare settings to prevent harm to patients during medical care. Globally, healthcare organizations prioritize patient safety as a key factor in quality and safety. This study aimed to investigate the patient safety culture at Sarawak General Hospital (SGH), a tertiary referral hospital in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study using the Safety Attitude Questionnaire (SAQ) was conducted at SGH from May 2022 to April 2023. The survey included 767 hospital staff members, such as doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and other clinical personnel, with a response rate of 84.2% (646 respondents). The study used Jamovi 2.3.28 for statistical analysis of the survey data. The overall mean SAQ score was 65.8 ± 15.0 with a 31.3% positive response rate. Most domain scores were higher than benchmark scores (65.7–72.2%), except for the stress recognition domain. Job satisfaction had the highest mean (71.7 ± 23.3) and positive rate (53.4%), indicating high contentment among healthcare workers. Conversely, the working condition domain had the lowest mean (52.7 ± 19.5) and positive rate (17%), reflecting dissatisfaction with staffing levels and logistical support. Overall, the patient safety culture at SGH is satisfactory, with most domain scores exceeding benchmark levels.
Predicting Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors After Cardiac Rehabilitation: An Observational Study
Authors: Fessler Layan , Tessitore Elena , Craviari Cecilia , Sarrazin Philippe , Meyer Philippe , Luthy Christophe , Hanna-Deschamps Eliana , Cheval Boris 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: A growing body of evidence suggests that low levels of physical activity (PA) and high levels of sedentary behavior (SB) are associated with an increased risk of adverse health outcomes in patients. Despite the objective of cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR) programs to increase PA and decrease SB levels, many patients continue to show low PA and high SB levels following their discharge from CR. The objective of the present study was to examined the levels of PA and SB following an outpatient CR program and to examine their motivational and emotional health-related correlates. PA and SB levels, along with motivational and health-related characteristics, were compared between outpatients and control participants who did not require care.
Methods: The study included 119 participants: 68 CR patients (Mage 57.76±10.76; 86.76% males) and 51 control participants matched on age (Mage 57.35±6.33 years; 45.10% males). Accelerometers were used to assess PA and SB during the first week post-discharge for outpatients and during a typical week for controls. Validated scales were employed to measure motivational (i.e., perceived capabilities, affective and instrumental attitudes, intention, approach-avoidance tendencies) and emotional health-related (i.e., anxiety, depressive symptoms, fatigue, pain intensity) factors.
Results: CR patients spent an average of 60.21 (±34.79) min of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and 548.69 (±58.64) min of SB per day. They engaged in 18 more minutes of MVPA per day than controls (p =.038). Univariate and multivariate regressions indicated that positive affective attitudes were associated with higher MVPA (b = 10.32, R2 = 0.07, p =.029). Additionally, males spent more time in SB than females (b = 40.54, R2 = 0.09, p =.045). Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions showed that meeting the World Health Organization's weekly guidelines for MVPA was associated with higher perceived capabilities toward PA and more positive affective attitudes (OR = 1.17, p =.030; OR = 1.26, p <.001, respectively). Interaction tests showed no significant differences in these results between outpatients and controls.
Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of motivational factors in PA levels following a CR program.
Sedative effects of daidzin possibly through GABA A receptor interaction pathway: In vivo approach with molecular dynamic simulations
Authors: Islam Md. Torequl , Bhuia Md. Shimul , Sheikh Salehin , Hasan Rubel , Bappi Mehedi Hasan , Chowdhury Raihan , Ansari Siddique Akber , Islam Md. Amirul , Saifuzzaman Md. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The soy isoflavone daidzein (DZN) has been considered a hopeful bioactive compound having diverse biological activities, including neuroprotective effects, such as anxiolytic, memory-enhancing, and antiepileptic effects, in experimental animals. However, its sedative and hypnotic effects are yet to be discovered. This study aimed to evaluate its sedative/hypnotic effect on Swiss mice. Additionally, in silico studies were also performed to see the possible molecular mechanisms behind the tested neurological effect. For this, male Swiss albino mice were treated with DZN (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg) with or without the standard GABAergic medication diazepam and/or flumazenil and checked for the onset and duration of sleeping time using thiopental sodium-induced as well as diazepam-induced sleeping tests. A molecular docking study was also performed to check its interaction capacity with the α1 and β2 subunits of the GABAA receptor. Findings suggest that DZN dose-dependently and significantly reduced the latency while increasing the duration of sleep in animals. It significantly (p < 0.05) reduced latency and increased sleep duration with the standard combinations DZP-2 and DZP-2 + FLU-0.05, suggesting its possible synergistic effects with these co-treatments. Further, molecular docking studies demonstrate that DZN has a strong binding affinity of − 7.2 kcal/mol, which is closer to the standard ligand DZP (–8.3 kcal/mol) against the GABAA receptor. Molecular dynamic simulations indicated the stability and similar binding locations for DZP and DZN with 6X3X. In conclusion, DZN showed sedative effects on Swiss mice, possibly through the GABAA receptor interaction pathway.
“I’m not a graduate or doctor, yet we are all together:” Articulating a partnership model for community-engaged research
Authors: Draanen Jenna , Perlmutter David L. , Banos Jazmin Higuera , Goh Brenda , Wettemann Courteney , Williams Grover Will , Holland Nathan , Rourke Rachel , Pitcher Rob , Fockele Callan Elswick , Park Avery , Teadt Sierra , Oliphant-Wells Thea , Frohe Tessa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Research With Expert Advisors on Drug Use (READU) is a community-engaged research collaborative of people with lived and living experience, clinicians, and academic researchers. We sought to evaluate the challenges and rewards of the partnership model.
Methods
Using the Peer Engagement Process Evaluation framework, the READU team collaborated on generating a list of focus group topics. All (n = 8) active team members participated in a focus group. Thematic analysis was used to identify key ideas.
Results
Five main themes were identified. “Collaborative Research Model” relates to the importance of a shared set of values, power dynamics, and the importance of centering community in research. “Group Dynamics” describes occasionally getting side-tracked in the work, as well as closeness among team members. “Individual Growth and Skill Development” concerns personal and intellectual development, as well as the benefits and opportunities for bi-directional training. “Institutional Structure”, encompasses the logistics of a hybrid working model and compensation issues. “Moving Forward and Future Work” involves the process of ending a research project in a positive way and envisioning future opportunities.
Conclusion
READU’s partnership model is generally positive and mutually beneficial for all team members. All partners feel a sense of satisfaction and closeness, and that the relevance and impact of research is enhanced. Although some challenges have been identified, particularly related to compensation and the physical workplace, these are not intractable. The evaluation of this partnership should motivate researchers considering partnership with community-based researchers, and highlight practical considerations.
Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase EndoE from infant gut Enterococcus faecalis neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 by interacting with the viral spike protein
Authors: Moya-Gonzálvez Eva M. , López-Navarro Sergi , Gozalbo-Rovira Roberto , Avilés-Alía Ana I. , Geller Ron , Yebra María J. , Rodríguez-Díaz Jesús 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is extensively N-glycosylated, and unlike the receptor-binding domain of the S1 subunit which undergoes frequent mutations, the glycosylation sites remain conserved across most variants of concern. In this study, we cloned and purified EndoE, an endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase enzyme from an Enterococcus faecalis strain isolated in our laboratory (E8 strain). The purified EndoE effectively removed glycans from the S1 protein of SARS-CoV-2 spike. We constructed a catalytically inactive mutant form of EndoE, termed EndoE (Mut). Both wild-type EndoE and the EndoE (Mut) demonstrated neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 S pseudotyped virus infection, with IC50 values of 81.26 ± 8.42 nM and 63.15 ± 5.06 nM, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that both forms of EndoE bound to the S1 protein. Moreover, commercial EndoH enzyme, which also cleaves N-glycosylation, did not exhibit neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 S pseudotyped virus at any tested concentration. In contrast, the plant lectin Concanavalin A demonstrated the most potent neutralization ability, with an IC50 of 40.89 ± 24.04 nM. Importantly, neither form of EndoE displayed toxicity even at the highest tested concentration (6,250 nM), whereas Concanavalin A exhibited toxicity to cells at a concentration as low as 157 nM. These findings shed light on the role of glycosidases in SARS-CoV-2 infection and offer a novel avenue for the development of antiviral strategies.
Alternative Approach to Monitoring Labor: Purple Line
Authors: YILDIRIM Ayça DEMİR , ESENCAN TUĞBA YILMAZ , ATA Büşra 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the purple line, a method for assessing labor progress.
Methods
Data for this methodological study were collected from 304 pregnant women who presented to a maternity hospital for delivery on the Anatolian side of Istanbul between May and November 2021. Data collection included demographic information, partograph records, and measurements of the purple line. Women were followed via the partograph during active labor, with the purple line measured hourly via a disposable tape measure until delivery. Descriptive analyses, including means and standard deviations, medians and interquartile ranges, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, were conducted for data analysis.
Results
The mean age of the participating women was 27.74 (4.81) years, with a mean parity of 1.92 (1.12) and a mean gestational age of 39.05 (1.59) weeks at delivery. The purple line was observed in 85.9% of the women. Among all the women with the most common dilatation of 6 cm during labor, 85.9% had a visible purple line, with a specificity of 86% and sensitivity of 65%. The cut-off point was determined to be 9.5 cm. During the active phase of labor, the measurements of the purple line length in the sacral region increased proportionally with cervical dilatation. The sensitivity was 56%, and the specificity was 65% when the fetal head descent reached the − 2 level.
Conclusions
In conclusion, the purple line in the sacral region can be used as a noninvasive method to assess the course of labor and can be applied in clinical settings.
Enhanced EfficientNet Model for Multiclass Brain Tumor Prognostication Using Advanced MR Image Analysis Techniques
Authors: Ghaffar Ayesha , Javid Muhammad Arshad , Arshad Shoaib , Azeem Waqar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The prognosis of brain tumor diseases is essential for effective treatment planning and patient management. This study investigates the use of Dense EfficientNet models, specifically an enhanced EfficientNet-B1, for the prognostication of multiclass brain tumor diseases. A dataset comprising 6462 MR images, including T1-W, T2-W, and FLAIR sequences, was classified into four categories: glioma, meningioma, no tumor, and pituitary tumors. The proposed method incorporates advanced data augmentation techniques, image cropping, and pixel resizing to improve training accuracy. Additionally, modifications to the EfficientNet architecture layers and the application of normalization and histogram equalization further enhance model performance.The results indicate that the enhanced EfficientNet-B1 model achieves a superior training accuracy of 98%, outperforming the EfficientNet-B0 model, with the highest accuracy observed in glioma tumor classification. Compared with other CNN architectures, such as ResNet50 and VGG-16, the EfficientNet-B1 model demonstrates higher performance and computational efficiency with fewer parameters.The study concludes that the enhanced EfficientNet-B1 model offers a robust and efficient solution for brain tumor detection and prognostication using MR images. Its innovative modifications and advanced preprocessing techniques significantly contribute to its high performance, making it a valuable tool for developing clinically useful applications for MR image analysis in brain tumor management.