bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Ultra‐Smooth rGO Nano‐Thin Film from a Homogeneous Thin Liquid Film Confined by a Conical Fiber Array: Toward the Highly Sensitive Pressure Sensor
Authors: Tang Zhongxue , Meng Lili , Zhang Min , Shi Zhongyu , Zhang Kejie , Qin Ji , Jiang Lei , Liu Huan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractReduced graphene oxide (rGO) thin films have demonstrated various advantages in flexible electronics. So far, solution processes are widely used for making rGO thin films for their mild operation conditions and low cost. However, wrinkles are frequently formed due to the capillary contraction during drying, which severely deteriorates the conductivity and the transparency of rGO thin films. Here, an ultra‐smooth rGO nano‐thin film, featuring wrinkle‐free and a rather low surface roughness of 1.38 nm is developed, which is attributable to a steady and homogeneous thin liquid film confined by a conical fiber array. The thin liquid film facilitates both in‐plane stacking of nanosheets and reducing the buried solvent under nanosheets. Notably, with the capillary flow replenishing the tri‐phase contact line evaporation, a semi‐dry film near the tri‐phase contact line is produced, that enables the force equilibrium of multi‐directional capillary forces on dispersed nanosheets for depositing a wrinkle‐free nanofilm. The as‐prepared rGO nanofilm gives a low sheet resistance of 8.3 kΩ sq−1 and a high transmittance of 91.9%, showing better performances than other reported rGO nanofilms. On this basis, it is demonstrated that a high‐sensitive pressure sensor with a detection limit as low as 0.02 Pa, highlighting the solution‐processed innovative ultra‐smooth 2D nanomaterial thin films, and devices.
In Situ Exsolved CoFeRu Alloy Decorated Perovskite as An Anode Catalyst Layer for High‐Performance Direct‐Ammonia Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells
Authors: Liang Mingzhuang , Song Yufei , Xiong Baocheng , Liu Dongliang , Xue Daxiang , Shen Longyun , Shi Kanghua , Song Yixiao , Li Jingwei , Niu Qiang , Xu Meigui , Ciucci Francesco , Zhou Wei , Shao Zongping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDirect‐ammonia proton ceramic fuel cell (DA‐PCFC) is a promising clean energy technology because ammonia (NH3) is easier to store, transport, and handle than hydrogen. However, NH3 decomposition efficiency is unsatisfactory, and the anti‐sintering resistance of conventional Ni‐based ceramic anodes has limited the large‐scale application of DA‐PCFC technology. Herein, Pr0.6Sr0.4(Co0.2Fe0.8)0.85Ru0.15O3‐δ (PSCFR15), a novel anode catalyst layer (ACL) material is developed. PSCFR15 is treated under a reducing atmosphere to form a composite with CoFeRu alloy nanoparticles. Density functional theory simulations reveal that Ru modification in the CoFe alloy promotes nitrogen desorption during ammonia decomposition reaction, thereby boosting ammonia decomposition efficiency. As a result, DA‐PCFC with PSCFR15 ACL can achieve superior peak power density compared to bare DA‐PCFC operated with H2 and NH3 fuels. Furthermore, the ACL also reduces the direct contact between the Ni‐based ceramic anode and the NH3 fuel, then suppressing Ni sintering, and enhancing the durability of the DA‐PCFC.
Achieving γ‐Phase CsPbI3 by Reducing Underlayer Surface Roughness
Authors: Wang Xiaozheng , Ran Junhui , Peng Xinxin , Tang Xianglan , Hong Jiawang , Yuan Yongbo , Yang Bin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCesium lead iodide (CsPbI3) exhibits great potential in developing photovoltaic cells due to suitable optical bandgap and thermal stability. However, the photoactive γ‐phase normally exists at high‐temperatures ≈180 °C, and it is challenging to obtain γ‐phase CsPbI3 at room temperature. Here, it discovers that γ‐phase CsPbI3 is achievable by reducing the underlayer surface roughness to a certain level. This method is universal as demonstrated on the surface of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), poly[bis(4‐phenyl)(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA), polystyrene (PS), and silicon substrates. Moreover, it is found that lower surface roughness resulted in smaller crystallite size in the CsPbI3 film, which is an important reason for achieving γ‐phase because the decrease in crystallite size will increase grain surface energy to suppress tilting of PbI6 octahedra and lattice distortion. This study offers a universal approach to obtain γ‐phase CsPbI3 for the development of high‐performance all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells and other optoelectronic devices.
Calixarene‐Guest Complexes: The Next Innovation in Delivery of Drugs and Biologics
Authors: Muley Sheetal , Dhila Hozefa , Gote Meghana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCalixarenes are third generation of macrocyclic molecules with excellent biocompatibility currently being researched extensively for their diverse potential as therapeutic candidates and for delivery of drugs and biologics. This review discusses the unique structural features which allow them to selectively bind to a wide variety of guest molecules within their hydrophobic cavity, as well as complex with other molecules on their upper and lower rims to enable their application for encapsulation of drugs for targeted and controlled release, molecular carriers for antigens and nucleic acids, and as biomedical sensors. The calixarenes’ unique host–guest chemistry enables encapsulation of lipophilic drugs in the latter's cavity, while the head groups and side chains on the upper and lower rim can be functionalized readily with various targeting moieties as peptides and biological ligands which specifically recognize and bind to cancer cells via surface receptors. The design of calixarene constructs help incorporation of multiple functionalities into a single platform. This active targeting approach enhances the accumulation of the drug at the tumor site while reducing its distribution in healthy tissues, thereby minimizing side effects. Ongoing research in exploration and optimization of calixarenes for application as targeted drug and gene delivery agents has been discussed.
A Formula to Customize Cathode Binder for Lithium Ion Battery
Authors: Deng Li , Liu Jun‐Ke , Wang Zhen , Lin Jin‐Xia , Liu Yi‐Xiu , Bai Gao‐Yang , Zheng Kun‐Gui , Zhou Yao , Sun Shi‐Gang , Li Jun‐Tao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe binder plays a crucial role in binding the solid electrode components and fixing them to the current collector, ensuring good contact and transformation. The high‐energy‐density cathode poses several challenges for the Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binder, such as high electrode potential, mass loading, and binding force. Although various new binders are proposed to optimize the electrochemical performance of cathode, the design focus and mechanisms often lack universality. This study introduces a design strategy for the cathode binder from the perspective of molecular structure design. The performance of the binder is optimized by adjusting the soft‐hard and hydrophilic‐hydrophobic balances of the polymer, and the effectiveness of this strategy is verified in the LiCoO2 (LCO) system. The optimized copolymer binder improves the cycling stability of the LCO electrode under high load and low binder content conditions and even achieves stable operation at a high charging voltage of 4.6 V. The mechanism for improving the performance of LCO electrodes is that the optimized binder stabilizes the electrode structure, the active material particle structure, and the active material interface. This design strategy provides a valuable reference for customizing cathode binders.
The activation of adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase inhibits the migration of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells by targeting Claudin‐1 via epithelial–mesenchymal transition
Authors: Zhou Xin‐Yue , Liu Qiu‐Ming , Li Zhuang , Liu Xia‐Yang , Zhao Qi‐Wei , Wang Yu , Wu Feng‐Hua , Zhao Gang , Sun Rui , Guo Xiao‐Hong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe role of Claudin‐1 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) metastasis needs further clarification, particularly its impact on cell migration. Herein, our study aims to investigate the role of Claudin‐1 in TSCC cell migration and its underlying mechanisms.Methods36 TSCC tissue samples underwent immunohistochemical staining for Claudin‐1. Western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses were conducted to evaluate Claudin‐1 expression and distribution in TSCC cells. Claudin‐1 knockdown cell lines were established using short hairpin RNA transfection. Migration effects were assessed through wound healing assays. Furthermore, the expression of EMT‐associated molecules was measured via western blotting.ResultsClaudin‐1 expression decreased as TSCC malignancy increased. Adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation led to increased Claudin‐1 expression and membrane translocation, inhibiting TSCC cell migration and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Conversely, Claudin‐1 knockdown reversed these inhibitory effects on migration and EMT caused by AMPK activation.ConclusionsOur results indicated that AMPK activation suppresses TSCC cell migration by targeting Claudin‐1 and EMT pathways.
Impact of stacking sequence on the thermal and electrical properties of Poly (aryl ether ketone)/glassfiber/buckypaper composites
Authors: Gomes João Victor P. N. , Costa Michelle Leali , Thomazini Daniel , de Paula Santos Luis Felipe , Ribeiro Bruno , Botelho Edson C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe current market's imperative demand necessitates the research and development of advanced polymer composites, especially those incorporating nanofillers. Carbon nanotubes, in particular, have attracted significant attention within research and development for their potential in creating multifunctional composites. This study aims to evaluate the impact of incorporating carbon nanotube buckypapers (BP) on the thermal and electrical properties of poly (aryl ether ketone) (PAEK)/glass fiber (GF) composites. The BP was prepared through vacuum filtration and integrated into PAEK/GF composites with varying stacking sequences, followed by hot compression processing. The degradation behavior of the laminates was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The viscoelastic properties, evaluated by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), suggested an increase in stiffness with the inclusion of BP in two of the analyzed stacking sequences. Thermal conductivity, measured via the pulse laser method, showed results comparable to the base laminate (0.153 W/m·K). Meanwhile, electrical conductivity, assessed using the four‐point probe method in the in‐plane direction, revealed semiconductor properties, achieving a mean value of 3.162 S/cm for one of the samples, indicating electrical anisotropy within the multifunctional composite material.
Disturbance attenuation for neutral descriptor semi‐Markovian jump systems with saturation nonlinearity and time delays
Authors: Mohanapriya Saminathan , Lee Sangmoon , Sweety Charles Selvaraj Antony Crispin , Sakthivel Rathinasamy 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article examines the construction of the tracking control as well as the disturbance attenuation for a class of neutral descriptor semi‐Markovian jump systems involving input time delays. On the basis of Matausek–Micic modified Smith prediction technique, a modified equivalent‐input‐disturbance and multiperiodic modified repetitive controller has been developed for obtaining the required results. In order to reject external disturbances actively, the modified equivalent‐input‐disturbance technique is utilized. To be more explicit, the modification of the Smith predictor block and integration of the transfer function provide accurate estimate, efficient attenuation of external disturbance and proper compensation for input time delays. While constructing the controller gain matrices, the specified matrix inequalities are solved concurrently. At last, the potential and applicability of the framed control law are illustrated through the simulated findings.
From Powder to Pouch Cell: Setting up a Sodium‐Ion Battery Reference System Based on Na3V2(PO4)3/C and Hard Carbon
Authors: Stüble Pirmin , Müller Cedric , Bohn Nicole , Müller Marcus , Hofmann Andreas , Akçay Tolga , Klemens Julian , Koeppe Arnd , Kolli Satish , Rajagopal Deepalaxmi , Geßwein Holger , Schabel Wilhelm , Scharfer Philip , Selzer Michael , Binder Joachim R. , Smith Anna 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAt the research level, novel active materials for batteries are synthesised on a small scale, fabricated into electrodes and electrochemically characterised using each group's established process due to the lack of standards. Recently, eminent researchers have criticised the implementation of e. g. low active material contents/electrode loadings, the use of research‐type battery cell constructions, or the lack of statistically relevant data, resulting in overstated data and thus giving misleading predictions of the key performance indicators of new battery technologies. Here, we report on the establishment of a reference system for the development of sodium‐ion batteries. Electrodes are fabricated under relevant conditions using 9.5 mg/cm2 self‐synthesised Na3V2(PO4)3/C cathode active material and 3.6 mg/cm2 commercially available hard carbon anode active material. It is found that different types of battery cells are more or less suitable for half‐ and/or full‐cell testing, resulting in ir/reproducible or underestimated active material capacities. Furthermore, the influence of electrode overhang, which is relevant for upscaling, is evaluated. The demonstrator cell (TRL 4–5) has been further characterised providing measured data on the power/energy density and thermal behaviour during rate testing up to 15 C and projections are made for its practical limits.
Digital Capital and Cultural Capital in education: Unravelling intersections and distinctions that shape social differentiation
Authors: Pitzalis Marco , Porcu Mariano 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article seeks to provide a clearer understanding of Digital Capital in education. It introduces a comprehensive analytical framework that explores the relationship between Digital Capital and Bourdieu's Cultural Capital Theory. Instead of treating digital skills and resources as separate entities, it integrates them into Cultural Capital Theory as complementary elements. This approach helps shed light on the disparities in ICT usage. Data from the 2018 OECD‐PISA survey conducted in Italy are analysed to assess whether Digital Capital can be considered a component of Cultural Capital. The findings indicate that differences in Cultural Capital do not significantly impact the possession and usage of digital assets. Instead, distinctions become apparent through students’ behaviours within the school environment. This underscores the connection between digital competencies and various dimensions of cultural and educational capital. The article posits that status and cultural disparities stem not solely from digital competencies but also from their interplay with social and cultural resources. This offers deeper insights into how the digital divide intersects with broader societal power dynamics.
Impact of an instructional team's feedback on an instructor's teaching practices in a Biology of Cancer course
Authors: Moreira Patricia , Rezende Lisa , Goodell Ashton , Blowers Paul , Elfring Lisa , Talanquer Vicente 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe effective implementation of evidence‐based teaching (EBT) in large college courses benefits from the successful use of instructional teams. An instructional team's feedback allows instructors to act based on evidence of student learning, addressing students' needs. This feedback may be particularly important for novice instructors or experienced instructors teaching a class for the first time. This study sought to characterize the nature of an instructional team's feedback as well as its influence on the decisions and actions of a seasoned instructor teaching a new class. Instructional team members provided feedback in the form of anticipations, noticings, and suggestions. Anticipations and suggestions seemed to have the largest impact on the instructor's decisions and actions, while noticings, despite providing insights into student thinking, had a smaller effect. Our findings indicate that an instructional team can provide valuable feedback to instructors when team members have an opportunity to meaningfully participate in the planning and teaching processes.
Intra‐lymph node crosslinking of antigen‐bearing polymers enhances humoral immunity and dendritic cell activation
Authors: Euliano Erin M. , Agrawal Anushka , Yu Marina H. , Graf Tyler P. , Henrich Emily M. , Kunkel Alyssa A. , Hsu Chia‐Chien , Baryakova Tsvetelina , McHugh Kevin J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLymph node (LN)‐resident dendritic cells (DCs) are a promising target for vaccination given their professional antigen‐presenting capabilities and proximity to a high concentration of immune cells. Direct intra‐LN injection has been shown to greatly enhance the immune response to vaccine antigens compared to traditional intramuscular injection, but it is infeasible to implement clinically in a vaccination campaign context. Employing the passive lymphatic flow of antigens to target LNs has been shown to increase total antigen uptake by DCs more than inflammatory adjuvants, which recruit peripheral DCs. Herein, we describe a novel vaccination platform in which two complementary multi‐arm poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymers—one covalently bound to the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA)—are injected subcutaneously into two distinct sites. These materials then drain to the same LN through different lymphatic vessels and, upon meeting in the LN, rapidly crosslink. This system improves OVA delivery to, and residence time within, the draining LN compared to all control groups. The crosslinking of the two PEG components also improves humoral immunity without the need for any pathogen‐mimicking adjuvants. Further, we observed a significant increase in non‐B/T lymphocytes in LNs cross‐presenting the OVA peptide SIINFEKL on MHC I over a dose‐matched control containing alum, the most common clinical adjuvant, as well as an increase in DC activation in the LN. These data suggest that this platform can be used to deliver antigens to LN‐resident immune cells to produce a stronger humoral and cellular immune response over materials‐matched controls without the use of traditional adjuvants.
Creating a metaverse‐me: Exploring the consumer avatar creation process
Authors: Taylor Alex , Hook Margurite , Carlyle Tanya , Carlson Jamie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe metaverse is emerging as a focal point for technological advancement, social interaction, and commerce. Despite brands' enthusiasm for establishing a presence in the metaverse, consumer adoption remains modest, with the initial hurdle being avatar creation. To better understand why consumers are hesitant to engage in the metaverse, this study focuses on avatars as virtual representations of self, particularly during the stage of avatar creation. Drawing on theories of self‐presentation and identity formation, this research investigates how users conceptualise and express their virtual avatars. Through a series of in‐depth semi‐structured interviews, we propose an integrated framework that illustrates how consumers engage in a complex avatar creation process consisting of consolidation, exploration, affirmation, and aspiration. Further, our insights show that avatars serve as extensions of real‐world identities, as well as how this impacts consumption behaviour. These insights are valuable for marketers aiming to develop actionable consumer‐centric metaverse strategies, and researchers investigating consumer behaviour within immersive consumption environments.
Changes in ROS/RNS Levels in Endothelial Cells in Experimental Bacteremia
Authors: Pleskova Svetlana N. , Vaneev Alexander N. , Bezrukov Nikolay A. , Erofeev Alexander S. , Bobyk Sergey Z. , Kolmogorov Vasilii S. , Gorelkin Petr V. , Mamed‐Nabizade Vugara V. , Gorshkova Ekaterina N. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA high‐precision system was developed for the quantification of biological analytes in single cells (reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS)) based on the electrochemical amperometric method. The efficacy of this system was evaluated using an experimental bacteremia model. Endothelial cells exhibited increased ROS/RNS production when stimulated by Staphylococcus aureus. However, they remained inactive when exposed to either unprimed or primed neutrophils that had been pre‐incubated with bacteria. It is noteworthy that the sequential stimulation of endothelial cells with bacteria followed by neutrophils resulted in a significant increase in the ROS/RNS level, which demonstrated a correlation with the number of neutrophils in contact with the endothelial cells. These results highlight the potential of our system to quantitatively assess ROS/RNS dynamics in complex biological systems. They also offer insights into the interplay between various cellular components in experimental bacteremia.
Synthesis of Chiral 3H‐Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indoles Via Organocatalytic Enantioselective Addition of Alkynyl Biphenyl Quinone Methides
Authors: Pan Sheng , Wang Xing , Liu Meiwen , Fang Fang , Xia Yan , Li Pengfei , Li Wenjun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn organocatalytic enantioselective reaction utilizing α‐[4‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)phenyl]propargyl alcohols and 3‐substituted indoles has been successfully established for the synthesis of chiral 3H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indoles. Through the assistance of an appropriate chiral phosphoric acid, a cascade sequence is facilitated, beginning with the dehydration of α‐[4‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)phenyl]propargyl alcohols to form alkynyl 4,4’‐biphenyl quinone methides (4,4’‐BQMs). Subsequently, 1,12‐addition of 3H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indoles to these alkynyl 4,4’‐BQMs results in the formation of allenes, which are then protonated and regenerate 4,4’‐BQMs. Finally, an enantioselective intramolecular annulation of 4,4’‐BQMs occurs smoothly, leading to the production of a range of 3H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indoles with high efficiency and asymmetric induction.
Post‐Synthetic Modification of Calix[4]arene Framework by Iridium–Mediated Alkyne Insertion into an Inert C−C Bond: A Novel Strategy for Unsymmetrical Macrocycles
Authors: Iwamoto Takahiro , Hasegawa Hibiki , Mori Daiki , Yamazaki Takuya , Fujinuki Kanako , Ishii Youichi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs a novel synthetic method for unsymmetrical macrocycles, we herein developed a post‐synthetic modification of calix[4]arenes by insertion of a terminal alkyne into an inert C(methylene)−C(aryl) bond of the macrocyclic framework. In this transformation, C‐iridated calix[4]arenes, readily synthesized through C−H bond activation of the parent calix[4]arene, undergoes C(methylene)−C(aryl) bond cleavage followed by insertion of an alkyne to provide a ring‐expanded calix[4]arene complex. Removal of the iridium metal from the resulting complex was readily accomplished by a simple treatment with an acid. The developed sequential method affords novel unsymmetrical, monofunctionalized macrocyclic compounds via 3 steps from the parent calix[4]arene in good yield. The unique unsymmetrical structures of the alkyne–inserted macrocycles were evaluated by X‐ray single crystal analyses. On the basis of theoretical calculations, we propose a reaction mechanism involving an uncommon C−C bond cleavage step through δ‐carbon elimination for the ring enlargement process.