bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le prix du végétarisme Légitimité et autonomie culturelle de la caste en Inde contemporaine
Authors: Ferry Mathieu 
Published: February 2025

Résumé Dans l’Inde contemporaine, le végétarisme reste un marqueur social de la religion et de la position de caste. L’abstinence à la consommation d’aliments non-végétariens (les viandes, les poissons et les œufs) est d’autant plus forte que les ménages appartiennent à une caste hindoue de statut social élevé, et est particulièrement importante au sein des castes brahmanes. Mais le rôle distinctif de ce régime alimentaire interroge dans une société marquée par de fortes inégalités économiques où l’alimentation est en moyenne le premier poste de dépenses des ménages. Cet article met en rapport l’opposition entre végétariens et non-végétariens au regard des autres logiques de distinctions alimentaires, marquées au premier rang par les contraintes économiques des ménages. À partir d’enquêtes statistiques de consommation des ménages, je mets premièrement au jour la structure sociale des pratiques alimentaires grâce à une Analyse des Correspondances Multiples (ACM) des coefficients budgétaires consacrés à l’alimentation. Ensuite, des analyses spécifiques de classe (ASC) permettent de compléter l’analyse factorielle en examinant le degré d’homologie structurale entre régions de l’espace social indien. Enfin, l’analyse longitudinale permet de saisir le poids de la contrainte économique en comparant l’évolution du végétarisme des ménages suivant leur rapport à la pauvreté. En parallèle, les entretiens auprès d’un échantillon diversifié de la population du nord-ouest de l’Inde mettent en lumière comment les jugements de caste sont en partie liés à la position économique. L’articulation des deux matériaux – recueil exhaustif de la composition du panier alimentaire et analyse discursive des rapports sociaux – permet de souligner la saillance de la norme sociale végétarienne, mais aussi de relativiser sa portée géographique et sociale dans l’Inde contemporaine.
Utility of 3D Wound Assessment in Monitoring Granulation Tissue Velocity Following Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy in Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Ahn Jiyong , Flaherty Alexandra 
Published: February 2025

Background: Wound healing in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) is challenging and often requires extensive debridement and in some cases leads to amputation. Negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) can be utilized for DFUs. The optimal time frame for successful NPWT lacks consensus. Advanced wound scanning with a three-dimensional (3D) camera can enhance accuracy of DFU area and volume calculations. This study aimed to investigate the utility of 3D wound assessment in monitoring granulation tissue filling velocity with NPWT in DFUs. Methods: A retrospective case series study was performed for 101 DFUs (Wagner classification 3 or 4 lesions with significant necrotic tissue debridement failing to achieve primary closure, leading to open amputation) undergoing NPWT from September 2018 to June 2019. Demographic data and wound characteristics were recorded. Before application of NPWT, wounds were irrigated after extensive procedures, and digital photographs of the wound were captured using an infrared 3D camera. Wound area and volume were measured weekly from before the application of NPWT to 1 month after. Risk factors associated with wound healing in DFUs were also evaluated. Results: NPWT resulted in significant area improvements for open DFUs. Postoperative 1-week area change velocity was 1.35 cm2/d, peaking at 2 weeks (1.84 cm2/d). Volume also showed significant improvement over time ( P = .001), with a 1-week peak velocity of 1.20 cm3/d. All peak area and volume changes occurred within 2 weeks after NPWT application. Compared to the midfoot and hindfoot, the forefoot exhibited a lower velocity of volume ( P = .001). Conclusion: 3D wound assessment for the velocity of granulation tissue filled in an open DFU after NPWT can be useful for monitoring healing progression. Most wound healing following NPWT in DFUs was completed within the first 2 weeks.
Management and desensitization to Avelumab in anaphylaxis and metastatic urothelial carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Villarreal-González Rosalaura , Treviño-Morales Ana Karen , Cadenas-García Diana , López-Galindo Ángel , Vidal-Gutiérrez Oscar 
Published: February 2025

Introduction Urothelial carcinoma is the prevailing type of bladder cancer, characterized by expression of the programed death-ligand-1-protein (PD-L1). Avelumab is an anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody used in urothelial carcinoma. It is associated with an incidence of 47.4% and 25.2% in grade 3 adverse events or greater, respectively; gastrointestinal symptoms and cutaneous affections are the most common. Case report A 52-year-old male with a history of rectal cancer and non-muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma. PET/CT revealed adenopathies in the pelvic region, the biopsy confirmed metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Next PET/CT indicated progression. Treatment with Cisplatin + Gemcitabine led to complete response after 4 cycles. Maintenance with Avelumab was indicated. Fifteen minutes after the first Avelumab administration, the patient experienced hypotension, presyncope, skin itching, and nasal congestion. Epinephrine, hydrocortisone, and physiological solution were administered, with resolution of symptoms. Management & outcome Since Avelumab is first-line maintenance therapy in this patient, a desensitization protocol was performed with (3-bag, 12-steps). The patient was premedicated with acetaminophen and chlorpheniramine. The protocol was successfully completed without hypersensitivity reactions for 6 cycles. Discussion Patients with hypersensitivity reactions to their first line of treatment are challenged to continue the best approach. We detail the case of a patient diagnosed with metastatic urothelial carcinoma who underwent a desensitization protocol for Avelumab after presenting a severe allergic reaction. The patient tolerated Avelumab throughout the protocol with no complications, achieving the total dosage for his maintenance therapy; drug desensitization is a safe and effective procedure in patients with hypersensitivity reactions to their first-line treatment.
Corneal endothelial neovascularization and glaucoma in X-linked Alport syndrome
Authors: Zhou Lin , Zhang Yao , Tian Chaohua , Liao Jinying , Yu Houjue , Tang Li 
Published: February 2025

Introduction Variants in COL4A5 are responsible for X-linked Alport syndrome. It is characterized by kidney disease, sensorineural hearing loss and variable ocular abnormalities. In this case, a woman with corneal endothelial neovascularization, glaucoma, nuclear cataract, temporal retinal thinning, and renal defects was identified with a variant in COL4A5. Case presentation We described a 64-year-old woman who was referred to our Eye Clinic due to a progressive decline in vision in both eyes over the course of two years. Corneal endothelial neovascularization, elevated intraocular pressure (31.2 mmHg and 27.8 mmHg in the right and left eyes, respectively), lens opacity, an increased cup-to-disc (C/D) ratio (0.8 in both eyes), and thinner retinal nerve fiber layer were detected upon examination. Concurrently, microscopic hematuria and proteinuria were observed. Following phacoemulsification and the administration of Latanoprost, intraocular pressure returned to within the normal range. Whole exome sequencing revealed a novel hemizygous missense pathogenic variant in COL4A5 (c.3980G > T (p.G1327V)). Importantly, this particular variant was not identified in the healthy daughter of the proband, underscoring its potential relevance to the observed clinical manifestations. Conclusions Our study reports a novel phenotype observed in a 64-year-old woman, featuring corneal endothelial neovascularization and glaucoma, which has been linked to X-linked Alport syndrome caused by variants in COL4A5. This discovery contributes to the broadening of our understanding of the clinical heterogeneity associated with COL4A5 variants.
Is Obesity a Risk Factor for Developing Trigger Finger? A Case-Control Analysis of 198 804 Patients
Authors: Kahan Riley , Enthoven Luke , Garoosi Kassra , Higinbotham Sean , Pflug Emily M. , Lauder Alexander 
Published: February 2025

Background: Trigger finger (TF) causes pain and functional impairment. Previous studies have associated TF with carpal tunnel syndrome, which has been linked to obesity. This study investigated the relationship between obesity and the prevalence of TF. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from the TriNetX Research Network (2006-2024). Patients with risk factors for TF (rheumatoid arthritis, gout, amyloidosis, prior carpal tunnel release, spontaneous rupture of flexor tendons, hypothyroidism, Dupuytren disease, and diabetes mellitus) were excluded. Two cohorts were compared: (1) patients diagnosed with TF; and (2) those without. The groups underwent propensity score matching based on demographic attributes using a 1:1 nearest neighbor approach. Each patient’s mean body mass index (BMI) was calculated by averaging all BMI measurements. Obesity was defined as a mean BMI greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression, incorporating TF diagnosis, BMI, and matched covariates, were used to adjust for confounding factors and estimate risk and odds ratios. Results: Data from 198 804 patients (99 402 per group) were analyzed. The prevalence of TF was positively associated with increasing BMI. Multiple linear regression revealed that BMI accounted for a small portion of the variance in TF prevalence. Logistic regression demonstrated an adjusted risk ratio of 1.02 (95% CI = [1.01, 1.03]) and an odds ratio of 1.03 (95% CI = [1.01, 1.05]), indicating a 2% to 3% increased risk of TF in obese patients. Conclusion: Obesity was independently associated with TF. Obese patients had a 2% increased risk of TF compared with nonobese patients.
Perilunate Dislocation Reduction Technique and Results
Authors: Jagiella-Lodise Olivia , Sweeney Aidan , Ghareeb Paul , Zelenski Nicole A. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Perilunate dislocations are severe upper extremity dislocations to the wrist involving ligamentous injury. Previous literature cites closed reduction of perilunate injuries at 25%. Herein, the technique and results of closed reductions for perilunate dislocations are described. Methods: Chart reviews were conducted of perilunate injuries treated from 2017 to 2022. Imaging was evaluated to categorize by Herzberg stage. Reduction was performed in the emergency department (ED) and involved traction, relaxation, and manipulation. Reduction attempts and success rates were recorded as were presence and resolution of median nerve symptoms. Results: Fifty-six perilunate injuries were included with an average age of 36 years. Forty-five (80%) underwent attempted closed reduction, of which 37 (82%) were successful. Twenty-seven (48%) were Herzberg I, 18 (32%) were Herzberg IIA, and 11 (20%) were Herzberg IIB. Two Herzberg IIB injuries were mal-reduced, with the lunate returned to the lunate fossa inverted. Scaphoid fractures were more likely in Herzberg I injuries and did not influence the success of reduction. Thirty (54%) patients presented with median nerve symptoms, of which 25 underwent attempted closed reduction in ED. Perilunate reduction resolved nerve symptoms in 92% of cases. Nerve symptoms were not more common in Herzberg II perilunate injuries. Successful closed reduction of perilunate injuries was not associated with a specific Herzberg stage. Conclusion: Closed perilunate reductions in the ED can have a high success rate >80%. Herzberg II perilunate injuries have >70% (76%) success rate in closed reduction. Rates of median nerve symptoms were high and resolved in most cases (92%) after reduction. Closed reduction of perilunate injuries can safely be attempted in the ED and resolves nerve compression prior to surgery.
The vulnerability of hip fracture patients with cognitive impairment: an analysis of health conditions, hospital care, and outcomes
Authors: Birkner Dorothea , Pigorsch Mareen , Riedlinger Dorothee , Möckel Martin , Lindner Tobias , Schenk Liane , Deutschbein Johannes 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Cognitive impairment, including dementia, and hip fracture are both common among older patients. Both conditions are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Cognitive impairment is often underdiagnosed and may remain undetected in hip fracture patients. Little is known about the prevalence, specific characteristics, and outcomes of hip fracture patients with cognitive impairment. This analysis aimed to compare hip fracture patients with and without cognitive impairments regarding their health conditions, hospital care, and the risk of complications and mortality.

Methods
This study used data derived from the EMAAge project, a prospective multi-center cohort study conducted in Berlin, Germany. Patients aged 40 years and older with hip fracture were stratified into three cognitive status groups: no cognitive impairment (NCI), moderate cognitive impairment (MCI), and severe cognitive impairment (SCI). Categorization was based on patients’ ability to engage in interviews and their performance on the 6-item Cognitive Impairment Test (6-CIT). Standardized mean differences were used to compare various health-related parameters and health care utilization measures. Regression models, both adjusted and unadjusted, were calculated for the number of complications and the mortality rate.

Results
Cognitive impairment was present in 37% of the 310 hip fracture patients in the study cohort. Patients with cognitive impairment had a worse baseline health profile, delayed admission to the emergency department, a longer time to surgery, and were less likely to be referred to a rehabilitation program. In the adjusted regression model for the number of complications, the incidence rate ratio was 1.237 (p = 0.292) for MCI patients and 2.065 (p < 0.001) for SCI patients compared with NCI patients. The adjusted odds ratio for mortality was 1.046 (p = 0.942) for MCI patients and 2.875 (p = 0.060) for SCI patients.

Conclusions
Hip fracture patients with cognitive impairment, particularly severe impairment, arrive at the ED in a considerably poorer state of health and are at a higher risk of adverse outcomes, including complications and mortality. Timely identification of this at-risk group upon arrival appears to be essential to providing adequate care. This study highlights the need for interventions and research aimed at improving prevention, emergency care and outcomes for this vulnerable group, addressing their specific risk factors, and promoting the quality of care in hospital and after discharge.
Prevalence, perception of risk and mycobacterium tuberculosis control practices among healthcare workers in HIV care and treatment centres in North Central Nigeria
Authors: Okpokoro Evaezi , Lawal Temitayo , Oyedele Oyewole , Etuk Victoria , Ijioma Stella , Adetiba Temitope , Bathnna Miriam , Osa-Afiana Chinye , Andrew Nifarta , Abimiku Alash’le 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Globally, Healthcare workers (HWs) are known to be at higher risk of Tuberculosis (TB), especially those working in HIV settings. Understanding HW’s alertness of TB risk is an important step to ensure safety in such settings. Hence, we assessed the perception of the risk of TB and its associated factors among HWs in HIV care and treatment centres in North-Central Nigeria.

Methods
This study is a nested cross-sectional descriptive study conducted among HWs in North-Central Nigeria. HWs were recruited across 14 health facilities with dedicated HIV clinics (n = 337). Perception of risk to TB was captured using a binary outcome and a sliding scale of 1–10 on a structured questionnaire, and blood samples were collected and tested for mycobacterium TB infection at the biorepository of the Institute of Human Virology Nigeria. Univariate and Multivariate analysis were performed using STATA version 18, with statistical significance set at 5%.

Results
Overall, 86.9% of HWs in HIV centres perceived themselves to be at risk of TB. Perception of risk to TB was significantly lower among male HWs (crude Odds Ratio: 0.50; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.26–0.95). Findings from the multivariable analysis further revealed that perception of risk to TB was significantly lower among HWs < 20years (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR): 0.13; 95%CI: 0.02–0.83), HW with no formal/primary education (aOR: 0.10; 95%CI: 0.01–0.73) and HWs working in primary (aOR: 0.24; 95%CI: 0.06–0.92) or secondary (aOR: 0.41; 95%CI: 0.18–0.95) healthcare facilities. Also, daily monitoring of TB Infection Control (IC) practices (aOR: 2.53; 95%CI: 1.27–5.04) and having a designated area for sputum samples collection (aOR: 3.68; 95%CI: 1.38–9.77) were associated with increased odds of perception of risk to TB while the presence of annual HIV testing was associated with decreased perception of risk to TB.

Conclusion
There is a high perception of risk to TB among HWs working in HIV clinics. However, perception of risk to TB is influenced by age, educational status, level of care at healthcare facilities, and level of TB IC practices. TB IC trainings should target younger HWs, who are males, with no formal education and working in primary health facilities.
Evolution of social contacts patterns in France over the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: results from the SocialCov survey
Authors: Soussand Flora , Abdou Armiya Youssouf , Sanchez Marie , Huynh Bich-Tram , Giese Coralie , Tran-Kiem Cécile , Béraud Guillaume , Guillemot Didier , Cauchemez Simon , Opatowski Lulla , Bosetti Paolo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Non-pharmaceutical measures such as lockdowns, curfews and place closures were implemented in France during 2020–2022 to reduce contacts in the population, to limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and reduce COVID-19 healthcare burden. Individuals also changed their behaviours as a response to the pandemic. Here, we present the results of the SocialCov survey that characterise the evolution of contacts in France between December 2020 and May 2022 to better understand the short and long term impact of these interventions on social mixing.

Methods
A questionnaire was advertised over six independent communication campaigns through the governmental application TousAntiCovid between December 2020 and June 2022. Participants were asked to detail social contacts in the previous day, including contact age, location, duration and type (physical/conversational).

Results
Over the six distinct campaigns, 44,396 individuals participated in the survey, declaring 300,735 contacts in total. The patterns of contacts strongly evolved over time, along with the progressive easing of national mitigation measures. The number of contacts in the French population increased from 5.3 contacts per day on average in December 2020 to 9.7 in May 2022. Mixing patterns were affected by age of participants, holidays and weekends. Healthcare workers declared 18.4 contacts on average during working days, roughly twice more than other workers. Reported risk perception changed throughout the two year period.

Conclusions
Results provide a detailed picture of contact evolution over the years 2020–2022 in France. In addition to a major evolution of contact density over time, this study highlights strong heterogeneities in contact patterns according to age, employment and weekend/vacation periods. The contact matrices provided here can be used to inform age-stratified transmission models of respiratory pathogens in the context of implementation of multiple non-pharmaceutical measures.
Preoperative sarcopenia and postoperative accelerated muscle loss negatively impact survival after resection of locally advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Li Xiaolong , Ding Ping’an , Wu Jiaxiang , Wu Haotian , Yang Peigang , Guo Honghai , Tian Yuan , Meng Lingjiao , Zhao Qun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Gastric cancer remains a major health concern worldwide, with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) posing significant challenges due to frequent lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. While curative gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection is the standard treatment, sarcopenia and perioperative skeletal muscle loss (SML) have emerged as critical prognostic factors.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 198 LAGC patients who underwent curative gastrectomy. Preoperative and postoperative sarcopenia were assessed via computed tomography (CT)-derived skeletal muscle index (SMI) at the L3 level. SML was defined based on sex-specific thresholds of SMI changes (%/30 days). Prognostic significance for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses.

Results
The prevalence of sarcopenia increased from 23.7% preoperatively to 33.3% postoperatively. Patients with significant muscle loss (SML) showed worse OS and DFS compared to non-SML patients (P < 0.05). SML was also associated with a higher incidence of Clavien-Dindo grade ≥ 3a complications (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified preoperative sarcopenia (HR = 2.332, P = 0.001), postoperative sarcopenia (HR = 3.189, P = 0.011), and SML (HR = 11.231, P = 0.002) as independent risk factors for OS. Adjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved both OS (HR = 0.532, P = 0.015) and DFS (HR = 0.587, P = 0.041).

Conclusions
Both preoperative sarcopenia and perioperative SML may negatively impact postoperative prognosis in LAGC patients, suggesting that perioperative evaluation of skeletal muscle mass may help identify high-risk surgical candidates for targeted interventions.
Stranger danger or good Samaritan? A cross-sectional study examining correlates of tolerance of risk in outdoor play among Canadian parents
Authors: Faulkner Guy , Fagan Matthew , McKenna Julia , Brussoni Mariana , Bélanger Mathieu , Gunnell Katie , Tremblay Mark S. , Larouche Richard 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Negative parental perceptions of risk may restrict children’s opportunities for outdoor play. Excessively minimizing children’s exposure to risks in their environment may have a range of developmental consequences. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess correlates of parental tolerance of risk among a large sample of Canadian parents.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 2,291 parents of 7–12 year olds completed online questionnaires assessing a range of potential individual (e.g., gender), social (e.g., neighbourhood cohesion), and environmental (e.g., walkability) correlates of parental tolerance of risk. Logistic regressions were created to examine associations between these factors and odds of being in the most risk averse quartile. The logistic regression was built in hierarchal steps relying on the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and pseudo R2 for model progression.

Results
The final model had a pseudo R2 of 0.18. Five out of seventeen correlates were associated with risk aversion in parents. Concerns about stranger danger were associated with a higher odds of risk aversion (OR = 2.33, 95%CI[1.93, 2.82]). A higher number of children in the home was associated with lower odds of risk aversion in parents (OR = 0.80, 95%CI[0.69, 0.92], and parents of children born outside of Canada had higher odds of being risk adverse when compared to parents born in Canada (OR = 2.13, 95%CI[1.54, 2.94]). Finally, being very concerned with COVID-19 increased the odds of risk aversion (OR = 3.07, 95%CI[1.93, 5.04], while having a household income of > 100,000 lowered the odds of risk aversion (OR = 0.56, 95%CI[0.36, 0.87]).

Conclusions
Tailored interventions that reframe perceptions of risk for parents are needed. Such interventions could reframe concerns about stranger danger which persist despite occurrences of stranger abduction being extremely rare. Interventions could also be targeted to immigrant families and those with fewer children as they appear to be more averse to risk. A complementary focus on examining how cultural background influences risk perceptions is needed in future research.