bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Everyday‐like memory for objects in ageing and Alzheimer's disease assessed in a visually complex environment: The role of executive functioning and episodic memory
Authors: Sauzéon Hélène , N'Kaoua Bernard , Pala Prashant Arvind , Taillade Mathieu , Auriacombe Sophie , Guitton Pascal 
Published: October 2014

To investigate everyday memory, more and more studies rely on virtual‐reality applications to bridge the gap between in situ approaches and laboratory settings. In this vein, the present study was designed to assess everyday‐like memory from the virtual reality‐based Human Object Memory for Everyday Scenes (HOMES) test (Sauzéon et al., , Exp. Psychol., 59, 99) in ageing and in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Two aims motivated this study: the first was to assess multiple processes of episodic memory (EM) functioning embedded within contexts closely related to real life in ageing and AD using the multi‐trial free‐recall paradigm, and the second aim was to evaluate the mediating effects of executive functioning (EF), EM, and subjective memory complaints (SMCs) on age differences in the HOMES measures and in AD. To this end, the HOMES test and neurocognitive tests of EF and EM were administered to 23 younger adults, 23 older adults, and 16 patients with AD. The results were: firstly, compared to young adults, elderly adults presented only free‐recall decline that almost disappeared in recognition condition whereas AD patients exhibited a poor clustering, learning, and recognition performance, and also a high amount of false recognition; secondly, age differences as well as AD related deficits on the HOMES test were mediated by both memory and EF measure while those observed on false memory indices were only mediated by EM measure; thirdly, the HOMES indices are related to SMCs even when episodic or EF measures are controlled. Overall, the results supported the fact that the VR‐based memory test is an appropriate device to capture age‐related differences as well as the AD effect with respect to both in situ and laboratory settings.
Nasal steroids in snorers can decrease snoring frequency: a randomized placebo‐controlled crossover trial
Authors: Koutsourelakis Ioannis , Keliris Anastasios , Minaritzoglou Aliki , Zakynthinos Spyros 
Published: October 2014

SummaryAlthough it is anecdotally known that nasal obstruction is associated with snoring, it remains unknown whether the application of nasal steroids could decrease oral/oro‐nasal breathing and increase nasal breathing, and subsequently decrease snoring indices. This study evaluated the effect of nasal budesonide on breathing route pattern and snoring. Twenty‐four snorers were enrolled in a randomized, double‐blind, crossover trial of 1‐week treatment with nasal budesonide compared with 1‐week intervention with nasal placebo. At the start and end of each treatment period, patients underwent nasal resistance measurement and overnight polysomnography with concomitant measurement of breathing route pattern and snoring. Twelve patients were randomly assigned to a 1‐week treatment with nasal budesonide, followed by 2‐week washout period and a 1‐week intervention with the nasal placebo; and 12 patients were randomly assigned to a 1‐week intervention with nasal placebo, followed by 2‐week washout period and a 1‐week treatment with nasal budesonide. Nasal budesonide was associated with a decrease in oral/oro‐nasal breathing epochs and concomitant increase in nasal breathing epochs, decrease of snoring frequency by [median (interquartile range)] 15.8% (11.2–18.8%), and an increase of rapid eye movement sleep; snoring intensity decreased only in patients with increased baseline nasal resistance by 10.6% (6.8–14.3%). The change in nasal breathing epochs was inversely related to the change in snoring frequency (Rs = 0.503; P < 0.001). Nasal budesonide in snorers can increase nasal breathing epochs, modestly decrease snoring frequency and increase rapid eye movement sleep.
Time‐of‐night variations in the story‐like organization of dream experience developed during rapid eye movement sleep
Authors: Cipolli Carlo , Guazzelli Mario , Bellucci Claudia , Mazzetti Michela , Palagini Laura , Rosenlicht Nicholas , Feinberg Irwin 
Published: October 2014

SummaryThis study aimed to investigate the cycles (2nd/4th) and duration‐related (5/10 min) variations in the story‐like organization of dream experience elaborated during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Dream reports were analysed using story grammar rules. Reports were provided by those subjects (14 of 22) capable of reporting a dream after each of the four awakenings provoked in 2 consecutive nights during REM sleep of the 2nd and 4th cycles, after periods of either 5 or 10 min, counterbalanced across the nights. Two researchers who were blind as to the sleep condition scored the dream reports independently. The values of the indicators of report length (measured as value of total word count) and of story‐like organization of dream reports were matched taking time‐of‐night (2nd and 4th cycles) and REM duration (5 versus 10 min) as factors. Two‐way analyses of variance showed that report length increased significantly in 4th‐cycle REM sleep and nearly significantly for longer REM duration, whereas the number of dream‐stories per report did not vary. The indices of sequential (number of statements describing the event structure developed in the story) and hierarchical (number of episodes per story) organization increased significantly only in dream‐stories reported after 10 min of 4th‐cycle REM sleep. These findings indicate that the characteristics of structural organization of dream‐stories vary along with time of night, and suggest that the elaboration of a long and complex dream‐story requires a fairly long time and the availability of a great amount of cognitive resources to maintain its continuity and coherence.
Effect of Duration of Packed Red Blood Cell Storage on Morbidity and Mortality in Dogs After Transfusion: 3,095 cases (2001–2010)
Authors: Hann L. , Brown D.C. , King L.G. , Callan M.B. 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundAccumulating evidence suggests that transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) stored for >14 days is associated with increased rates of sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction, and mortality in human patients.ObjectiveTo determine if duration of PRBC storage has an effect on morbidity and mortality in dogs after transfusion.AnimalsDogs admitted to the Matthew J Ryan Veterinary Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania.MethodsA retrospective case review of dogs identified through blood bank logbooks that received PRBC transfusions (minimum, 5 mL/kg) between 2001 and 2010. Dogs were categorized according to major cause of anemia (eg, hemorrhage, hemolysis, ineffective erythropoiesis) for analysis.ResultsA total of 3,095 dogs received 5,412 PRBC units. Longer duration of PRBC storage was associated with development of new or progressive coagulation failure (P = .001) and thromboembolic disease (P = .005). There was no association between duration of PRBC storage and survival for all dogs overall. However, a logistic regression model indicated that for dogs with hemolysis, 90% of which had immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia, longer duration of PRBC storage was a negative risk factor for survival. For every 7 day increase in storage, there was a 0.79 lesser odds of 30 day survival (95% CI, 0.64–0.97; P = .024).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceDuration of PRBC storage does not appear to be a major contributing factor to mortality in the overall canine population. However, longer duration of PRBC storage may negatively impact outcome in dogs with immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia, thus warranting further investigation with prospective studies.
Effect of Physiological Determinants and Cardiac Disease on Plasma Adiponectin Concentrations in Dogs
Authors: Damoiseaux C. , Merveille A.‐C. , Krafft E. , Da Costa A.M. , Gomart S. , Jespers P. , Michaux C. , Clercx C. , Verhoeven C. , Mc Entee K. 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundIn humans, a high concentration of adiponectin is associated with a favorable cardiovascular risk profile whereas, in patients with heart failure (HF), a high concentration of adiponectin is associated with a less favorable prognosis.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo evaluate the physiological determinants of plasma adiponectin concentration in dogs and the influence of heart disease, myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD), and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).AnimalsOne hundred and fourteen client‐owned dogs and 9 Beagles from the research colony of the Clinical Veterinary Unit of the University of Liège.MethodsWe prospectively measured circulating adiponectin concentration in healthy control dogs (n = 77), dogs with MMVD (n = 22) and dogs with DCM (n = 15) of various degrees of severity. Diagnosis was confirmed by Doppler echocardiography. Plasma adiponectin concentration was measured by a canine‐specific sandwich ELISA kit.ResultsAn analysis of covariance showed an association between adiponectin concentration and age, neuter status, and heart disease. No association between adiponectin concentration and class of HF, sex, body condition score, body weight, circadian rhythm, or feeding was found. Plasma adiponectin concentration was negatively correlated with age (P = .001). Adiponectin was lower in neutered (P = .008) compared to intact dogs. Circulating adiponectin concentration was increased in dogs with DCM compared to healthy dogs (P = .018) and to dogs with MMVD (P = .014).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAge and neutering negatively influence circulating adiponectin concentration. Plasma adiponectin concentration increased in dogs with DCM. Additional research is required to investigate if this hormone is implicated in the pathophysiology of DCM and associated with clinical outcome.
Infrared imaging spectroscopy with micron resolution of Sutter's Mill meteorite grains
Authors: Yesiltas Mehmet , Kebukawa Yoko , Peale Robert E. , Mattson Eric , Hirschmugl Carol J. , Jenniskens Peter 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSynchrotron‐based Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy are applied with submicrometer spatial resolution to multiple grains of Sutter's Mill meteorite, a regolith breccia with CM1 and CM2 lithologies. The Raman and infrared active functional groups reveal the nature and distribution of organic and mineral components and confirm that SM12 reached higher metamorphism temperatures than SM2. The spatial distributions of carbonates and organic matter are negatively correlated. The spatial distributions of aliphatic organic matter and OH relative to the distributions of silicates in SM2 differ from those in SM12, supporting a hypothesis that the parent body of Sutter's Mill is a combination of multiple bodies with different origins. The high aliphatic CH2/CH3 ratios determined from band intensities for SM2 and SM12 grains are similar to those of IDPs and less altered carbonaceous chondrites, and they are significantly higher than those in other CM chondrites and diffuse ISM objects.
Seasonal occurrence of southeast Pacific blue whale songs in southern Chile and the eastern tropical Pacific
Authors: Buchan Susannah J. , Stafford Kathleen M. , Hucke‐Gaete Rodrigo 
Published: October 2014

AbstractPassive acoustic data were collected January 2012 to April 2013 at four sites in the Chiloense Ecoregion (CER) in southern Chile (≈43°S–44°S, 71°W–73°W) and 1996–2002 from one site in the eastern tropical Pacific (ETP) (8°S, 95°W). Automatic detectors were used to detect the two songs (SEP1 and SEP2) described for southeast Pacific (SEP) blue whales. There was a strong seasonal pattern of occurrence of SEP songs in the CER from December to August, peaking March to May. In the ETP, the occurrence of songs was an order of magnitude lower but songs were present year‐round, with a peak around June. These findings support austral summer/autumn seasonal residency in the CER and a seasonal movement of blue whales towards the ETP during June/July, returning in December. Interannual differences in the ETP were possibly linked to the 1997–1998 El Niño event. At both study sites, SEP2 was significantly more common than SEP1; both songs largely followed the same temporal trends. These findings contribute to our understanding of the seasonal movements of endangered SEP blue whales and can inform conservation strategies, particularly in the CER coastal feeding ground. We recommend future year‐round passive acoustic studies in the CER and the ETP (e.g., near the Galapagos Islands), ideally coupled with oceanographic data.
The effect of water bolus temperature on esophageal motor function as measured by high‐resolution manometry
Authors: Choi Y. J. , Park M. I. , Park S. J. , Moon W. , Kim S. E. , Kwon H. J. , Kim J. H. , Jeon W. S. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundIngestion of cold fluids may induce pain in patients with esophageal motility disorders. Hot fluids, on the other hand, may help to relieve pain. We studied changes in esophageal motility as a variable of water bolus temperature using high‐resolution manometry (HRM) in healthy human.MethodsThirty‐two healthy subjects were recruited at Kosin University Hospital. HRM was performed in a sitting position, with room temperature (RT, 25 °C), hot (45 °C), and cold (2 °C) water swallowed in that order. This exam included single swallowing (10 swallows of 5 mL water, 30 s intervals) and multiple water swallows (MWS; 100 mL water within 30 s).Key ResultsIn the single swallowing, hot water caused a decrease in lower esophageal sphincter (LES) residual pressure (5.87 ± 4.20 mmHg vs 7.45 ± 4.17 mmHg (RT), p = 0.001) and duration of esophageal body (EB) contraction (3.01 ± 0.80 s vs 3.15 ± 1.16 s (RT), p = 0.009). Cold water caused an increase in the duration of EB contraction (3.52 ± 0.87 s vs 3.15 ± 1.16 s (RT), p = 0.001) and a decrease in contractile front velocity (CFV) (4.43 ± 1.50 cm/s vs 4.90 ± 2.53 cm/s (RT), p = 0.007). Similarly, in the MWS, hot water caused a decrease in the duration of EB contraction (12.95 ± 5.02 s vs 16.33 ± 5.94 s (RT), p = 0.024) and an increase in the amplitude of EB contraction (114.27 ± 83.36 mmHg vs 82.70 ± 46.77 mmHg (RT), p = 0.007). Cold water caused an increase in the duration of EB contraction (27.38 ± 2.89 s vs 16.33 ± 5.94 s (RT), p = 0.03) and a decrease in the amplitude of EB contraction (51.68 ± 33.94 mmHg vs 82.70 ± 46.77 mmHg (RT), p = 0.001).Conclusions & InferencesThis study showed changes in esophageal motility to be dependent on water temperature. Especially, MWS showed clear changes in esophageal motility at different temperatures of water.
Condition‐specific role of colonic inflammatory molecules in persistent functional colorectal hypersensitivity in the mouse
Authors: La J.‐H. , Gebhart G. F. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundA low‐level inflammation has been hypothesized to mediate visceral hypersensitivity in functional bowel disorders that persist after or even in the absence of gut inflammation. We aimed to test the efficacy of a steroidal anti‐inflammatory treatment, and identify local inflammatory molecules mediating post‐ and non‐inflammatory colorectal hypersensitivity using two mouse models.MethodsVisceromotor responses to colorectal distension were quantified as a measure of colorectal sensitivity. On day 1, mice received intracolonic saline (control), trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (postinflammatory on day 15), or acidified hypertonic saline (non‐inflammatory). Colorectal sensitivity before (day 10) and after (day 15) 4‐day dexamethasone (Dex) treatment was compared, and colonic gene expression of inflammatory molecules was quantified.Key ResultsDexamethasone effectively inhibited gene expression of inflammatory molecules such as interleukin (IL)‐1β and mast cell protease‐1 in the colon, but did not attenuate colorectal hypersensitivity in either model. Gene expression of inflammatory molecules in the colon did not differ between control and the non‐inflammatory model, but the postinflammatory model showed increased IL‐10 and tight junction protein 2, and decreased IL‐6, transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β, a precursor of β‐endorphin, occludin, and mucin 2. While no common molecule explained colorectal hypersensitivity in these models, hypersensitivity was positively correlated with TGF‐β2 mRNA in control, and with IL‐1β, inhibin βA, and prostaglandin E2 synthase in the Dex‐treated postinflammatory model. In the non‐inflammatory model, cyclooxygenase‐2 mRNA was negatively correlated with colorectal sensitivity.Conclusions & InferencesThese results suggest that persistent functional colorectal hypersensitivity is mediated by condition‐specific mediators whose gene expression in the colon is not inevitably sensitive to steroidal anti‐inflammatory treatment.
Low temperature reduces the energetic requirement for the CO2 concentrating mechanism in diatoms
Authors: Kranz Sven A. , Young Jodi N. , Hopkinson Brian M. , Goldman Johanna A. L. , Tortell Philippe D. , Morel François M. M. 
Published: October 2014

Summary

The goal of this study is to investigate the CO2 concentrating mechanism (CCM) of the dominant phytoplankton species during the growing season at Palmer station in the Western Antarctic Peninsula.

Key CCM parameters (cellular half‐saturation constants for CO2 fixation, carbonic anhydrase activity, CO2/HCO3− uptake, δ13Corg) in natural phytoplankton assemblages were determined. Those results, together with additional measurements on CO2 membrane permeability from Fragilariopsis cylindrus laboratory cultures, were used to develop a numerical model of the CCM of cold water diatoms.

The field data demonstrate that the dominant species throughout the season possess an effective CCM, which achieves near saturation of CO2 for fixation. The model provides a means to examine the role of eCA activity and HCO3−/CO2 uptake in the functioning of the CCM. According to the model, the increase in δ13Corg during the bloom results chiefly from decreasing ambient CO2 concentration (which reduces the gross diffusive flux across the membrane) rather than a shift in inorganic carbon uptake from CO2 to HCO3−.

The CCM of diatoms in the Western Antarctic Peninsula functions with a relatively small expenditure of energy, resulting chiefly from the low half‐saturation constant for Rubisco at cold temperatures.
Identification and characterization of sources for photo‐ and thermo‐insensitivity in Vigna species
Authors: Pratap Aditya , Basu Partha Sarathi , Gupta Sanjeev , Malviya Nupur , Rajan Neha , Tomar Rakhi , Madhavan Latha , Nadarajan Nagasamy , Singh Narendra Pratap 
Published: October 2014

AbstractCultivation of the same varieties of mungbean and blackgram across different seasons and locations is constrained by their photo‐ and thermo‐sensitive behaviour. Developing insensitive genotypes, which can fit well across all seasons, requires robust donors which would provide genes imparting this trait. This study was undertaken to identify such donors in the Vigna species. Forty‐eight accessions belonging to 13 Vigna species and eight released cultivars were evaluated under natural field conditions. Among these, two accessions, viz. V. umbellata (IC251442) and V. glabrescens (IC251372) were found photo‐ and thermo‐insensitive as these were able to flower and set pods at temperatures as high as 43.9°C and as low as 2.7°C. Pollen viability studies indicated viable pollen (>75% at 2.7°C and >85% at 41.9°C) and normal pollen tube growth at both the extremes of temperature. The identified V. glabrescens accession has long, constricted pods and dark green, mottled seeds while V. umbellata has smooth, curved pods and shining, oval, large seeds. Both these accessions can be utilized in developing photo–thermo insensitive genotypes in cultivated Vigna species.
Interspecific amphiploid‐derived alloplasmic male sterility with defective anthers, narrow disc florets and small ray flowers in sunflower
Authors: Liu Zhao , Cai Xiwen , Seiler Gerald J. , Jan Chao‐Chien 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe cytoplasmic male‐sterility (CMS)/fertility‐restoration system is important for hybrid sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed production. The objective of this study was to characterize two novel alloplasmic CMSs, designated CMS GRO1 and CMS MAX3, with defective anthers, narrow disc florets with no swollen corolla, and short, narrow ray flowers derived from two tetraploid amphiploids (AMPs). Among 26 tested lines, only AMP Helianthus cusickii/P 21 and HA 410 failed to restore male‐fertility. Segregation of CMS, male‐fertile plants and plants with reduced male‐fertility was observed both in the testcross progeny of a six line half‐diallel cross of F1s with CMS MAX3 and in an F2 population of CMS GRO1 × RHA 274. Male‐fertility restoration was controlled by at least two dominant genes. Detailed analysis of the mitochondrial genes may provide insight into the differences between these CMSs and other CMS lines. The new CMSs will facilitate the studies of the incompatibility between cytoplasmic and nuclear genes, especially for the alloplasmic CMS involving perennial species, and also provide unique ornamental flower types and CMS sources for hybrid sunflower breeding.
Academic‐Hospital Partnership: Conducting a Community Health Needs Assessment as a Service Learning Project
Authors: Krumwiede Kelly A. , Van Gelderen Stacey A. , Krumwiede Norma K. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjectivesThe purposes of this service learning project were to trial nursing student application of the Community‐Based Collaborative Action Research (CBCAR) framework while conducting a community health needs assessment and to assess the effectiveness of the CBCAR framework in providing real‐world learning opportunities for enhancing baccalaureate nursing students’ public health knowledge.Design and SampleIn this case study analysis, the CBCAR framework linked service learning and community health needs assessment with public health nursing core competencies. Fifteen nursing students partnered with collaborative members.MeasuresStudent observational field notes and narrative reflections were analyzed qualitatively for fidelity to the CBCAR framework and to evaluate student public health knowledge.ResultsStudents successfully employed the CBCAR framework in collaboration with the critical access hospital and community stakeholders to design and conduct the community health needs assessment. Service learning themes were real‐world solutions, professional development, community collaboration, and making a difference. Students developed skills in six of the eight domains of the Quad Council's core competencies for public health nurses.ConclusionsCommunity‐Based Collaborative Action Research facilitates collaborative partnerships and relationships throughout the research process. Students benefited by applying what they have learned from their education to a real community who lacks resources.