bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defects in the Fanconi Anemia Pathway and Chromatid Cohesion in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Stoepker Chantal , Ameziane Najim , van der Lelij Petra , Kooi Irsan E. , Oostra Anneke B. , Rooimans Martin A. , van Mil Saskia E. , Brink Arjen , Dietrich Ralf , Balk Jesper A. , Ylstra Bauke , Joenje Hans , Feller Stephan M. , Brakenhoff Ruud H. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractFailure to repair DNA damage or defective sister chromatid cohesion, a process essential for correct chromosome segregation, can be causative of chromosomal instability (CIN), which is a hallmark of many types of cancers. We investigated how frequent this occurs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and whether specific mechanisms or genes could be linked to these phenotypes. The genomic instability syndrome Fanconi anemia is caused by mutations in any of at least 16 genes regulating DNA interstrand crosslink (ICL) repair. Since patients with Fanconi anemia have a high risk to develop HNSCC, we investigated whether and to which extent Fanconi anemia pathway inactivation underlies CIN in HNSCC of non–Fanconi anemia individuals. We observed ICL-induced chromosomal breakage in 9 of 17 (53%) HNSCC cell lines derived from patients without Fanconi anemia. In addition, defective sister chromatid cohesion was observed in five HNSCC cell lines. Inactivation of FANCM was responsible for chromosomal breakage in one cell line, whereas in two other cell lines, somatic mutations in PDS5A or STAG2 resulted in inadequate sister chromatid cohesion. In addition, FANCF methylation was found in one cell line by screening an additional panel of 39 HNSCC cell lines. Our data demonstrate that CIN in terms of ICL-induced chromosomal breakage and defective chromatid cohesion is frequently observed in HNSCC. Inactivation of known Fanconi anemia and chromatid cohesion genes does explain CIN in the minority of cases. These findings point to phenotypes that may be highly relevant in treatment response of HNSCC. Cancer Res; 75(17); 3543–53. ©2015 AACR.
GEOGRAFIA, CARTOGRAFIA E O BRASIL AFRICANO: ALGUMAS REPRESENTAÇÕES
Authors: Anjos Rafael Sanzio Araújo 
Published: June 2015

<p>Dentre as questões estruturais relacionadas à cultura africana no Brasil que continuam merecendo investigação e conhecimento, destaca-se as relacionadas aos aspectos geográficos e historiográficos da nossa formação territorial, geralmente tratadas sem as referências devidas às matrizes e ancestratlidades africanas “invisíveis” na sociedade brasileira. O paper resgata as principais referências da geopolítica da diáspora África-América-Brasil e a configuração atual da população afrobrasileira contemporânea. O pensamento social preconceituoso ainda dominante e o desconhecimento da população do país, no que se refere ao continente africano e as suas relações com o Brasil, continuam sendo um dos entraves estruturais para uma perspectiva real de diminuição da exclusão e invisibilidade secular, assim como, a criação no setor decisório, das condições necessárias para a implementação eficaz de políticas públicas mais articuladas e com resultados satisfatórios, sobretudo, na educação e no espaço geográfico.</p>
INSTALAÇÕES GEOGRÁFICAS - PENSANDO A AVALIAÇÃO CONSTRUTIVA PARA SE TRABALHAR A GEOGRAFIA NA SALA DE AULA.
Authors: Ribeiro Emerson 
Published: June 2015

<p>O texto aqui explorado especifica uma abordagem diferente sobre a prática pedagógica e avaliação. Sabemos dos riscos empreendidos no diferente, mas é necessário quando pretendemos realizar algo novo. A prática inserida tem a pretensão de mostrar como o ensino de Geografia no ensino básico e na universidade pode encontrar também na Arte sua relação de ensino aprendizagem. O Processo consiste em trabalhar o conteúdo com abordagem lúdica, é aplicado um conteúdo teórico para uma manifestação prática – na forma de instalações, professor e aluno em conjunto constroem a instalação. O exemplo por nós escolhido é apresentado na forma de instalações na Universidade Regional do Cariri no município de Crato/CE, com alunos do VI semestre.</p>
Trauma Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Predict Onset of Cardiovascular Events in Women
Authors: Sumner Jennifer A. , Kubzansky Laura D. , Elkind Mitchell S.V. , Roberts Andrea L. , Agnew-Blais Jessica , Chen Qixuan , Cerdá Magdalena , Rexrode Kathryn M. , Rich-Edwards Janet W. , Spiegelman Donna , Suglia Shakira F. , Rimm Eric B. , Koenen Karestan C. 
Published: June 2015

Background—
Psychological stress is a proposed risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the sentinel stress-related mental disorder, occurs twice as frequently in women as men. However, whether PTSD contributes to CVD risk in women is not established.

Methods and Results—
We examined trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms in relation to incident CVD over a 20-year period in 49 978 women in the Nurses’ Health Study II. Proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for CVD events confirmed by additional information or medical record review (n=548, including myocardial infarction [n=277] and stroke [n=271]). Trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms were assessed by using the Brief Trauma Questionnaire and a PTSD screen. In comparison with no trauma exposure, endorsing ≥4 PTSD symptoms was associated with increased CVD risk after adjusting for age, family history, and childhood factors (hazard ratio,1.60; 95% confidence interval, 1.20–2.13). Being trauma-exposed and endorsing no PTSD symptoms was associated with elevated CVD risk (hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.15–1.83), although being trauma-exposed and endorsing 1 to 3 PTSD symptoms was not. After adjusting for adult health behaviors and medical risk factors, this pattern of findings was maintained. Health behaviors and medical risk factors accounted for 14% of the trauma/no symptoms–CVD association and 47% of the trauma/4+ symptoms–CVD association.

Conclusion—
Trauma exposure and elevated PTSD symptoms may increase the risk of CVD in this population of women. These findings suggest that screening for CVD risk and reducing health risk behaviors in trauma-exposed women may be promising avenues for prevention and intervention.
The Thermodynamic and Microphysical Evolution of an Intense Snowband during the Northeast U.S. Blizzard of 8–9 February 2013
Authors: Ganetis Sara A. , Colle Brian A. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
An intense snowband developed across Long Island, New York, to the north and west of the surface cyclone center on 8–9 February 2013. The snowband evolved through three distinct phases during its 12-h lifetime. During phase 1 the band developed in an area of low-to-midlevel frontogenesis and pivoted over central Long Island and southern Connecticut, where it remained for approximately 10 h. The environment surrounding the snowband cooled to &lt;0°C; however, the band was collocated with a 900–700-hPa layer that remained above 0°C for ~5 h. During phase 2 the band exhibited heavy snowfall rates exceeding 7.5–10 cm h−1 with large and aggregated snow, wet-growth hail-like particles, and a radar reflectivity of ~55 dBZ. About 1 h later during phase 3, the snowband reflectivity decreased to near 30 dBZ and was characterized by less dense snow in a colder environment while still maintaining heavy snowfall rates (6.5–6.7 cm h−1). The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model was used to analyze the band and temperature evolution. Model trajectories terminating within the warmer snowband environment underwent rapid ascent on the east side of the band during which condensation and deposition enhanced the warming before undergoing rapid descent within the band. Analysis of the thermodynamic equation within the band environment revealed that this subsidence warming and upstream condensational heating for trajectories entering the band partially offset the diabatic cooling term, which supported a warmer layer and mixed precipitation during phase 2. Finally, model sensitivity tests showed that melting helped cool low levels and change the microphysical character to all snow during phase 3.
Vascular Complications Following Transradial and Transulnar Coronary Angiography in 1600 Consecutive Patients
Authors: Hahalis George , Tsigkas Grigorios , Kakkos Stavros , Panagopoulos Andreas , Tsota Irene , Davlouros Periklis , Xanthopoulou Ioanna , Koniari Ioanna , Grapsas Nikos , Christodoulou Ioannis , Almpanis George , Leopoulou Marianna , Kounis Nicholas , Alexopoulos Dimitrios 
Published: June 2015

Background: Major, noncoronary complications are rarely encountered following transradial coronary procedures. Methods and Results: Among 1600 prospectively studied patients with complete follow-up, 7 patients experienced major complications following coronary forearm procedures corresponding to an incidence of 0.44%. We found inadvertent symptomatic intramyocardial contrast medium injection, 2 cases with compartment syndrome of which 1 was managed surgically, exertional hand ischemia due to radial artery occlusion, a large ulnar artery pseudoaneurysm, an ulnar arteriovenous fistula, and 1 critical hand ischemia due to late occlusion of the distal brachial artery. Conclusions: Although infrequent, surveillance for major complications should be encouraged after forearm coronary procedures.
Developmental Trajectories of Marijuana Use among Men
Authors: Pardini Dustin , Bechtold Jordan , Loeber Rolf , White Helene 
Published: June 2015

Objectives: Examine whether young men who chronically use marijuana are at risk for engaging in drug-related and non-drug-related criminal offending and exhibiting psychopathic personality features in their mid-30s. Methods: Patterns of marijuana use were delineated in a sample of predominately Black and White young men from adolescence to the mid-20s using latent class growth curve analysis. Self-report and official records of criminal offending and psychopathic personality features were assessed in the mid-30s. Analyses controlled for multiple factors indicative of a preexisting antisocial lifestyle and co-occurring use of other substances and tested for moderation by race. Results: Four latent marijuana trajectory groups were identified: chronic high, adolescence-limited, late increasing, and low/nonusers. Relative to low/nonusers, chronic high and late increasing marijuana users exhibited more adult psychopathic features and were more likely to engage in drug-related offending during their mid-30s. Adolescence-limited users were similar to low/nonusers in terms of psychopathic features but were more likely to be arrested for drug-related crimes. No trajectory group differences were found for violence or theft, and the group differences were not moderated by race. Conclusions: Young men who engage in chronic marijuana use from adolescence into their 20s are at increased risk for exhibiting psychopathic features, dealing drugs, and enduring drug-related legal problems in their mid-30s relative to men who remain abstinent or use infrequently.
Does Race/Ethnicity or Socioeconomic Status Influence Patient Satisfaction in Pediatric Surgical Care?
Authors: Nieman Carrie L. , Benke James R. , Boss Emily F. 
Published: June 2015

ObjectiveTo evaluate patient satisfaction in outpatient pediatric surgical care and assess differences in scores by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES).Study DesignObservational, cross‐sectional analysis.SettingOutpatient pediatric surgical specialty clinics at a tertiary academic center.Subject and MethodsFamilies of patients received a patient satisfaction survey following their initial care visit in 2012. Mean scores were calculated and compared by child race/ethnicity and insurance type, where insurance with medical assistance (MA) served as a proxy for low SES. Kruskal‐Wallis tests were used to compare scores between groups. Surveys were dichotomized to low and high scorers, and multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate the likelihood of high satisfaction.ResultsOf 527 surveys completed, 132 (25%) were for children with MA and 143 (27%) were for racial/ethnic minority children. The overall satisfaction score for all specialties was 84.8, which did not significantly differ by SES (P =. 98) or minority status (P =. 52). The survey item with the highest score in both SES groups was “degree to which provider talked with you using words you could understand” (overall mean 91.94, P =. 23). Multivariate analysis showed that patient age, sex, race/ethnicity, insurance type, neighborhood SES, neighborhood diversity, or surgical department did not significantly influence satisfaction.ConclusionThis is the first study to evaluate the relationship between SES and race/ethnicity with patient satisfaction in outpatient pediatric surgical specialty care. In this analysis, no disparities were identified in the patient experience by individual‐ or community‐level factors. Although the survey methodologies may be limited, these findings suggest that provision of care in pediatric surgical specialties can be simultaneously equitable, culturally competent, and family centered.
Is Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone Monitoring Warranted in Cases of 4D‐CT/Ultrasound Localized Single Adenomas?
Authors: Heineman Thomas E. , Kutler David I. , Cohen Marc A. , Kuhel William I. 
Published: June 2015

ObjectiveTo analyze the utility of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) monitoring for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who had evidence of single‐gland disease on preoperative imaging with modified 4‐dimensional computed tomography that was done in conjunction with ultrasonography (Mod 4D‐CT/US).Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingTertiary care university medical center.Subjects and MethodsPatients were drawn from consecutive directed parathyroidectomies performed between December 2001 and June 2013 by the senior authors. All patients had primary hyperparathyroidism and underwent a Mod 4D‐CT/US study that showed findings on both studies that were consistent with a single adenoma. The modified Miami criteria were used for IOPTH monitoring (parathyroid hormone decrease by >50% and into the normal range).ResultsOf 356 patients who underwent parathyroid surgery, 206 had a single gland localized on the Mod 4D‐CT and the US studies. IOPTH monitoring was used in 172 cases, of which 169 had adequate clinical follow‐up to assess the surgical outcome. Twenty‐one patients (12.4%) had IOPTH values that did not meet modified Miami criteria after removal of one gland, of which 7 were found to have multigland disease (4.1%). Three patients (1.8%) had persistent primary hyperparathyroidism despite an IOPTH that met modified Miami criteria.ConclusionsAlthough IOPTH monitoring correctly identifies a small percentage of patients with multigland disease, some patients will be subjected to unnecessary neck explorations that can result in difficult intraoperative decisions, such as whether to remove normal or equivocal‐sized glands when they are encountered.
Trends in Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction in the United States
Authors: Erickson Brandon J. , Nwachukwu Benedict U. , Rosas Sam , Schairer William W. , McCormick Frank M. , Bach Bernard R. , Bush-Joseph Charles A. , Romeo Anthony A. 
Published: June 2015

Background: Overuse injuries to the elbow in the throwing athlete are common. Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCLR), commonly known as Tommy John surgery, is performed on both recreational and high-level athletes. There is no current literature regarding the incidence and demographic distribution of this surgical procedure in relation to patient age, location within the Unites States, and sex. Purpose: To determine the current demographic distribution of UCLR within the US population included in the PearlDiver database. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the PearlDiver supercomputer database, a private-payer database, was performed to identify UCLR procedures performed between 2007 and 2011. The Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code 24346 (reconstruction of the ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow with the use of a tendinous graft) was used. Results: Between 2007 and 2011, a total of 790 patients underwent UCLR. The average (±SD) annual incidence was 3.96 ± 0.38 per 100,000 patients for the overall population but was 22 ± 3.4 for patients aged 15 to 19 years. The overall average annual growth was 4.2%. There were 695 males and 95 females. The 15- to 19-year-old patients accounted for significantly more procedures than any other age group (56.8%; P < .001), followed by 20- to 24-year-olds (22.2%). The incidence of UCLR in the 15- to 19-year-old group increased at an average rate of 9.12% per year ( P = .009). Significantly more UCLR procedures were performed in the southern United States than in any other region ( P < .001). The number of procedures significantly increased over time ( P = .039). Conclusion: According to this database of a privately insured population, UCLR was performed significantly more in patients aged 15 to 19 than any other age group. The average annual incidence of UCLR per 100,000 people for patients aged 15 to 19 was 22 ± 3.4. Further, this database showed that the number of UCLR procedures is increasing over time. Further work should address risk reduction efforts in this at-risk population.
Factors Associated With Failure of Nonoperative Treatment in Lateral Epicondylitis
Authors: Knutsen Elisa J. , Calfee Ryan P. , Chen Raymond E. , Goldfarb Charles A. , Park Kevin W. , Osei Daniel A. 
Published: June 2015

Background: Lateral epicondylitis is a common cause of elbow pain that is treated with a variety of nonoperative measures and often improves with time. Minimal research is available on patients in whom these nonoperative treatments fail. Purpose: To identify baseline patient and disease factors associated with the failure of nonoperative treatment of lateral epicondylitis, defined as surgery after a period of nonoperative treatment. Study Design: Case control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 580 patients treated for lateral epicondylitis at a tertiary center between 2007 and 2012 were analyzed. Disease-specific and patient demographic characteristics were compared between patient groups (nonoperative vs surgical treatment). A multivariable logistic regression model was created based on preliminary univariate testing to determine which characteristics were associated with failure of nonoperative treatment. Results: Of the 580 patients, 92 (16%) underwent surgical treatment at a mean of 6 months (range, 0-31 months) from their initial visit. Univariate analysis demonstrated a potential association ( P < .10) between operative management and the following factors at initial diagnosis: increased age, body mass index, duration of symptoms, presence of radial tunnel syndrome, prior injection, physical therapy, splinting, smoking, workers’ compensation, a labor occupation, use of narcotics, use of antidepressant medications, and previous orthopaedic surgery. In the final multivariable model, a workers’ compensation claim (odds ratio [OR], 8.1), prior injection (OR, 5.6), the presence of radial tunnel syndrome (OR, 3.1), previous orthopaedic surgery (OR, 3.2), and duration of symptoms >12 months (OR, 2.5) remained significant independent predictors of surgical treatment. Conclusion: This study identifies risk factors for surgical treatment for lateral epicondylitis. While these findings do not provide information regarding causal factors associated with surgery, these patient and disease-specific considerations may be helpful when counseling patients regarding treatment options and the likelihood of the success of continued nonoperative treatment.
Washington ‘Steps’ Up
Authors: Schwartz Rachel , Ellings Amy , Baisden Amy , Goldhammer Camie Jae , Lamson Erica , Johnson Donna 
Published: June 2015

Background: Breastfeeding initiation in Washington State (Northwest United States) is high, yet rates plummet by 3 months postpartum. In the United States, national quality improvement (QI) efforts to improve breastfeeding outcomes have largely focused on hospital maternity care practices through implementation of the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding. This framework has not extended similarly to primary care clinics, a key site for supporting continued breastfeeding following hospital discharge. This article details a pilot effort with community clinics to implement 10 evidence-based steps to support breastfeeding in the clinic setting and to evaluate the process and outcomes. Objective: A public-private-academic partnership developed and piloted a 10-step clinic breastfeeding support strategy and focused resources, training, and technical assistance on primary care clinics to help facilitate best-practice policy and environmental changes to improve clinic breastfeeding support. Methods: Eight health centers, serving predominantly Latino and Native American communities, worked to systematically implement 10 evidence-based steps developed for the community primary care setting. An evidence table, self-assessment with scoring criteria, tool kit, and provider reference documents were developed to guide clinics. Results: At baseline, clinics had 2 steps, on average, already in practice (range, 1-4 steps); by final assessment, an average of 7 steps was implemented (range, 5-9 steps). Within 6 months from pre-intervention to post, clinics fully operationalized between 2 and 7 steps. Conclusion: Catalyzing clinic QI efforts through an evidence-based 10-step model is an effective way to optimize primary care breastfeeding support and to strengthen the continuum of care for breastfeeding mothers and babies following hospital discharge.
A pilot test of the new Swiss regulatory procedure for categorizing clinical trials by risk: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Cevallos Myriam , Züllig Stephanie , Christen Andri , Meier Brigitte E , Goetz Martin , Coslovsky Michael , Trelle Sven 
Published: June 2015

Background/Aims: Several countries are working to adapt clinical trial regulations to align the approval process to the level of risk for trial participants. The optimal framework to categorize clinical trials according to risk remains unclear, however. Switzerland is the first European country to adopt a risk-based categorization procedure in January 2014. We assessed how accurately and consistently clinical trials are categorized using two different approaches: an approach using criteria set forth in the new law (concept) or an intuitive approach (ad hoc). Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial with a method-comparison study nested in each arm. We used clinical trial protocols from eight Swiss ethics committees approved between 2010 and 2011. Protocols were randomly assigned to be categorized in one of three risk categories using the concept or the ad hoc approach. Each protocol was independently categorized by the trial’s sponsor, a group of experts and the approving ethics committee. The primary outcome was the difference in categorization agreement between the expert group and sponsors across arms. Linear weighted kappa was used to quantify agreements, with the difference between kappas being the primary effect measure. Results: We included 142 of 231 protocols in the final analysis (concept = 78; ad hoc = 64). Raw agreement between the expert group and sponsors was 0.74 in the concept and 0.78 in the ad hoc arm. Chance-corrected agreement was higher in the ad hoc (kappa: 0.34 (95% confidence interval = 0.10–0.58)) than in the concept arm (0.27 (0.06–0.50)), but the difference was not significant (p = 0.67). Limitations: The main limitation was the large number of protocols excluded from the analysis mostly because they did not fit with the clinical trial definition of the new law. Conclusion: A structured risk categorization approach was not better than an ad hoc approach. Laws introducing risk-based approaches should provide guidelines, examples and templates to ensure correct application.