bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gaia DR3 asteroid reflectance spectra: L-type families, memberships, and ages
Authors: Balossi R. , Tanga P. , Sergeyev A. , Cellino A. , Spoto F. 
Published: July 2024

Context. The Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3) contains reflectance spectra at visible wavelengths for 60 518 asteroids over the range between 374–1034 nm, representing a large sample that is well suited to studies of asteroid families.
Aims. We want to assess the potential of Gaia spectra in identifying asteroid family members. Here, we focus on two L-type families, namely Tirela/Klumpkea and Watsonia. These families are known for their connection to Barbarian asteroids, which are potentially abundant in calcium-aluminum rich inclusions (CAIs).
Methods. Our method is based (1) on a color taxonomy specifically built on Gaia data and (2) the similarity of spectra of candidate members with the template spectrum of a specific family.
Results. We identified objects in the halo of Tirela/Klumpkea, along with possible interlopers. We also found an independent group of eight asteroids erroneously linked to the family by the hierarchical clustering method (HCM). Consequently, the knowledge of the size distribution of the family has been significantly improved, with a more consistent shape at the larger end. The Watsonia family is a more intricate case, mainly due to its smaller size and the less marked difference between the spectral types of the background and of the family members. However, the spectral selection helps identify objects that were not seen by HCM, including a cluster separated from the family core by a resonance.
Conclusions. For both families, the V-shape is better defined, leading to a revised age estimation based on the memberships established mainly from spectral properties. Our work demonstrates the advantage of combining the classical HCM approach to spectral properties obtained by Gaia for the study of asteroid families. Future data releases are expected to further expand the capabilities in this domain.
New numerical models of atomic diffusion in the atmospheres of cool Ap stars, including ambipolar diffusion of hydrogen
Authors: Alecian G. , Stift M. J. 
Published: July 2024

Context. Ambipolar diffusion of hydrogen gives an additional upward thrust to metals that diffuse in the atmosphere of Ap stars. Its quantitative effect on the build-up of abundance stratification due to atomic diffusion that produces the observed abundance anomalies in Ap stars has not been evaluated so far.
Aims. The purpose of this work is to quantify this effect throughout the stratification process of metals inside the atmosphere.
Methods. We used our code CARATMOTION to compute the time-dependent atomic diffusion of four metals (Mg, Ca, Si, and Fe) in the atmosphere of a main-sequence star with an effective temperature of 8500 K, which is a typical temperature of Ap stars. The results, including ambipolar diffusion of H, are compared to results obtained without this process.
Results. Our main result is that ambipolar diffusion must be included in any calculation of atomic diffusion in Ap star atmospheres, at least for stars with Teff ≲ 10 000 K. We show that this concerns all metals, even those that are well supported by the radiation field, such as Fe. The crucial role of the stellar mass-loss rate is confirmed; it remains a determining parameter that is constrained, but still free in our calculations. We also present 3D calculations of Ca distributions in magnetic atmospheres. Questioning the interest of systematic searches for stationary solutions (which can often only be reached after a long evolutionary process), we note that remarkable behaviour can occur during the transient phases of the stratification build-up.
Tracking Advanced Planetary Systems (TAPAS) with HARPS-N
Authors: Maciejewski G. , Niedzielski A. , Goździewski K. , Wolszczan A. , Villaver E. , Fernández M. , Adamów M. , Sierzputowska J. 
Published: July 2024

Aims. The star HD 118203, classified as a K0 subgiant, was known to harbour a transiting hot Jupiter planet on a 6.1-day eccentric orbit. Previous studies also revealed a linear trend in the radial velocity (RV) domain, indicative of a companion on a wide orbit. Such a hierarchical orbital architecture could be helpful in studies of the origins of hot Jupiters.
Methods. We acquired precise RV measurements over 17 yr using the 9.2 m Hobby-Eberly Telescope and the 3.6 m Telescopio Nazionale Galileo. Combining these observations with space-born photometric time series from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, we constructed a two-planetary model for the system. Astrometric observations from HIPPARCOS and Gaia were used to constrain the orbital inclination of the wide-orbit companion and its mass. Numerical simulations were used to investigate the dynamics of the system. The photometric data were searched for additional transit-like flux drops.
Results. We found that the additional companion is an 11-Jupiter mass planet orbiting HD 118203 on a 14-yr moderately eccentric orbit, constituting a hierarchical planetary system with the hot Jupiter. Both planets were found to be dynamically decoupled mainly due to the general relativistic apsidal precession of the inner planet, marginalising secular interactions. The orbits of both planets might have a relatively low mutual inclination unless the longitudes of the ascending node differ substantially. This configuration favours the coplanar high-eccentricity migration as a path to the present-day orbital configuration. No other transiting planets with radii down to 2 Earth radii and orbital periods less than 100 days were found in the system.
Sterbewünsche im Kontext stationärer Altenpflegeeinrichtungen – Belastungen und Bedürfnisse von Pflegenden sowie Aspekte für eine einrichtungsinterne Diskussion und Positionsfindung
Authors: Jentschke Elisabeth , Rabe Antonia , Armbrecht Helena , Lang Frieder R. , Heckel Maria 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Pflegende in der stationären Altenhilfe werden aufgrund ihrer engen Interaktion mit den Sterbewünschen der pflegebedürftigen Personen konfrontiert, welche den Wunsch nach dem assistierten Suizid umfassen können. Die geschäftsmäßige Förderung der Selbsttötung ist seit der Nichtigkeitserklärung von §217 StGB in Deutschland nicht mehr untersagt. Wenige Studien untersuchen bisher die Belastungen und Unterstützungsbedürfnisse von Pflegenden. Des Weiteren fehlen Anhaltspunkte entlang derer einrichtungsinterne Positionen zu diesem Themenkomplex erarbeitet werden können.
Ziele Erfassung von Belastungen und Bedürfnissen der Pflegenden in der stationären Altenpflege am Beispiel der Diakonie im Zusammenhang mit Sterbewünschen und dem assistierten Suizid sowie Identifikation relevanter Aspekte für eine einrichtungsinterne Positionierung.
Methode Befragung von Pflegenden mittels eines selbstentwickelten, nicht-validierten Fragebogens. Anschließende Durchführung von semistrukturierten Interviews mit im Pflegekontext ausgewiesenen Fachpersonen zu ausgewählten Fragebogenergebnissen und Praxislösungen zum Umgang mit Sterbewünschen und dem assistierten Suizid in der stationären Altenhilfe. Die Daten wurden deskriptiv sowie mit der fokussierten Inhaltsanalyse nach Kuckartz analysiert.
Ergebnisse Die Daten von 434 Pflegenden und 8 Fachpersonen wurden ausgewertet. 98% (n=423) der Pflegenden gaben in der Befragung an, Erfahrungen mit der Äußerung von Sterbewünschen gemacht zu haben, während 93% (n=403) verneinten, dass es in ihrer Einrichtung schon einmal einen assistierten Suizid gegeben habe. Zudem wünschten sich zwei Drittel (n=299) der Befragten im Umgang mit Sterbewünschen und Wünschen nach dem assistierten Suizid Unterstützung durch Supervision, Fortbildungen und klare Handlungsanweisungen. Aus den Interviews mit fachlich erfahrenen Personen (n=8) ließen sich eine angemessene Qualifizierung der Pflegenden, das Vorhandensein eines Netzwerks, die Teamkultur sowie die zeitlichen Ressourcen als relevante Faktoren erkennen, anhand derer die Positionen verschiedener Interessengruppen zum Umgang mit dem assistierten Suizid beschrieben werden können.
Schlussfolgerung Der Umgang mit Sterbewünschen und Wünschen nach dem assistierten Suizid ist für Pflegende der stationären Altenhilfe von praktischer Relevanz. Die Generalisierbarkeit der Ergebnisse ist aufgrund des diakonischen Kontextes beschränkt und ist für andere Settings zu prüfen. Auf Basis der Studienergebnisse wurde von 3 Fachverbänden der Diakonie Bayern eine Arbeitshilfe zur Unterstützung einer gemeinschaftlichen einrichtungsinternen Positionierung für alle Mitarbeitenden erstellt.
Oral Colonization by Different Candida Species: First Comparative Study between Denture and Nondenture Wearers in Tunisia
Authors: Benyounes Oussama , Bekri Sana , Belgacem Sameh , Labidi Amel , Khemis Mehdi , Mansour Lamia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to compare different Candida species present in patients with and without removable dentures to identify alterations in biofilm composition following denture wear within a Tunisian population.
Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, comprising a group of patients wearing removable dentures (test group) and a control group without dentures. In the test group, two mycological samples were obtained: one from the prosthetic intaglio and another from the osteomucosal area bearing the denture. For the control group, mycological samples were collected from the oral mucosa. The collected swabs were cultured on CHROMagar Candida medium, and yeast counts were quantified as colony forming units (CFUs). Candida species were identified through chromogenic analysis.
Statistical Analysis The normality of quantitative variables was evaluated using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov's test. To compare means and ranks between the test and control groups, the independent samples t-test and the Mann–Whitney's U test were employed, respectively. Qualitative variables were compared using Fisher's exact test. Statistical significance was determined at a critical uncertainty value of p < 0.05.
Results A total of 150 participants were involved in this study, with 75 patients in each group. Wearing an acrylic removable denture was found to increase the number of detected Candida species (p < 0.001) and significantly increases the overall growth of Candida spp. (p = 0.001). Specifically, the numbers of CFUs of Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata were elevated in denture wearers (p < 0.001).
Conclusion Findings stemming from this study indicate that removable dentures promote the growth of Candida species. This can be a predisposing factor for Candida-associated denture stomatitis in cases of poor oral hygiene or compromised immunity. Therefore, it is imperative to emphasize the fabrication of high-quality dentures and the implementation of rigorous postdenture maintenance protocols to prevent or limit Candida infection.
Analyzing Cell-free Genomic DNA in Spent Culture Media: Noninvasive Insight into the Blastocysts
Authors: Layek Siddhartha Shankar , Kanani Shrushti , Doultani Shilpa , Gohil Tejas , Patil Sanket , Sudhakar Ananthasayanam , Raval Kathan Banubhai , Kuppusamy Karuppanasamy , Gorani Sanjay , Raj Sudharson , Sangameshwari Rafiya , Jadeja Himali , P. Mini Mol 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA commonly accepted standard protocol for noninvasive techniques for the genetic evaluation of an embryo remains elusive due to inconclusiveness regarding the volume of spent media to be acquired and the possibility of acquiring the same for subsequent analysis. Single embryo culture is imperative for standardizing noninvasive preimplantation testing using cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) released by individual developing embryos. This study aims to compare the development dynamics of single-drop embryonic culture against with group embryonic culture to establish a standardized protocol for noninvasive Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) in bovine. A total of 239 cumulus–oocyte complexes were aspirated and subjected to in vitro maturation and fertilization. Among these, 120 embryos of day 3 were transferred to single-drop culture until the blastocyst stage. The single-drop culture drops were prepared using microdrops of 30 μL. At the blastocyst stage, spent media from all single-drop embryos were utilized for extracting cell-free genomic DNA to standardize the protocol. The blastocyst rate indicates no significant difference between the two culture methods, suggesting that single-drop culture is suitable for the process. Additionally, the extracted spent media yielded sufficient quantities of cf-DNA, supporting its potential use for PGT (p < 0.05). These findings support the hypothesis that single-drop embryo culture is a viable method for cf-DNA extraction and confirm the potential of using DNA fragments from spent media as a reliable source for noninvasive PGT.
Artificial Intelligence, the Production of Scientific Texts, and the Implications for Sleep Science: Exploring Emerging Paradigms and Perspectives
Authors: Cavalcante-Silva Vanessa , D'Almeida Vânia , Tufik Sergio , Andersen Monica L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized many fields, including natural language processing, and marks a potential paradigm shift in the way we evaluate knowledge. One significant innovation in this area is ChatGPT, a large language model based on the GPT-3.5 architecture created by OpenAI, with one of its main aims being to aid in general text writing, including scientific texts. Here, we highlight the challenges and opportunities related to using generative AI and discuss both the benefits of its use, such as saving time by streamlining the writing process and reducing the amount of time spent on mundane tasks, and the potential drawbacks, including concerns regarding the accuracy and reliability of the information generated and its ethical use. In respect of both education and the writing of scientific texts, clear rules and objectives and institutional principles must be established for the use of AI. We also consider the positive and negative effects of the use of AI technologies on interpersonal interactions and behavior, and, as sleep scientists, its potential impacts on sleep. Striking a balance between the benefits and potential drawbacks of integrating AI into society demands ongoing research by experts, the wide dissemination of the scientific results, as well as continued public discourse on the subject.
Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula, a Rare and Frequently Misdiagnosed Cause of Mielopathy – Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Souza Thiago Magalhães de , Silva Paulo Gabriel Sacramento da , Paula Fellipe de , Ghizoni Enrico , Joaquim Andrei Fernandes 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSpinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) are rare vascular malformations with unspecific clinical manifestations, which often lead to misdiagnosis and delay in the establishment of effective therapies. Since the neurological prognosis depends on symptom duration and pretreatment neurological status, rapid identification and obliteration of the fistula are key to provide patients with a better quality of life. We herein describe an illustrative case of an elderly patient presenting with progressive myelopathy, with a definitive diagnosis of SDAVF after 18 months of the initial symptoms. We also review the core concepts regarding this condition and discuss strategies to prevent misdiagnosis and worsening of the neurological outcome.
Impact of molecular convection in time-resolved thermal lensing: a computational exploration
Authors: Sharma Aman , Goswami Debabrata 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this study, we comprehensively investigate thermal lens (TL) spectroscopy, known for its ultra-sensitivity in probing molecular properties through nonlinear heating responses to femtosecond lasers. Using time-resolved TL spectroscopy and numerical simulations, we focus on the influence of convection on heat generation and the resulting phase shift in the probe beam. We examined single-beam, dual-beam same wavelength, and dual-beam different wavelength scenarios, systematically investigating power dependence, pump beam spot size, and sample length limitations. Our findings reveal a direct relationship between the TL effect and pump power, resulting in decreased probe beam transmittance with increasing convection. Additionally, the TL strength grows within the Rayleigh regime as the sample length increases. Utilizing the same wavelength for the probe beam enhances the TL effect in dual-beam setups. Notably, tight focusing of the pump beam substantially reduces the lag between convection and conduction. Our empirical results closely match the experimental data, providing a thorough explanation of the TL process and its underlying principles. These insights can be applied to design and optimize TL-based optical devices and systems for higher sensitivity, highlighting the potential of TL spectroscopy in advanced molecular property probing.
High-resolution defect imaging of composites using delay-sum-and-square beamforming algorithm
Authors: Zhao Junhui , Zhang Haiyan , Zhang Hui , Chen Yiting , Zhu Wenfa , Zhu Qi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
High-resolution ultrasonic imaging for defects in anisotropic multilayer carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) is challenging because of the severe ultrasonic attenuation and the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of echoes. The existing delay-multiply-and-sum (DMAS) beamforming outperforms delay-and-sum (DAS) beamforming in resolution, but with high computational complexity and energy loss. This paper presents a novel delay-sum-and-square (DSAS) beamforming algorithm. It takes full advantage of spatial coherence of captured data in the receiving and transmitting apertures. The incoherent components caused by background noise are suppressed during the imaging. The back-wall reflection method (BRM) is used to correct the direction-dependent velocity. Full-matrix data is experimentally captured and processed on four different CFRP samples. Compared with DAS and DMAS, DSAS has a significant improvement in resolution, SNR and contrast. It demonstrates excellent defect characterization and noise suppression capability with only 17.4% computation time of DMAS.
A novel capacitive sensor interface based on a simple capacitance-to-phase converter
Authors: van Kann Frank J , Veryaskin Alexey V 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A novel room temperature capacitive sensor interface circuit is proposed and successfully tested, which uses a modified all-pass filter (APF) architecture combined with a simple series resonant tank circuit with a moderate Q-factor. It is fashioned from a discrete inductor with small dissipation resonating with a grounded capacitor acting as the sensing element to obtain a resolution of ΔC ∼ 2 zF in a capacitance range of 10–30 pF. The circuit converts the change in capacitance to the change in the phase of a carrier signal in a frequency range with a central frequency set up by the tank circuit’s resonant frequency and is configured to act as a close approximation of the ideal APF. This cancels out the effects of amplitude modulation when the carrier signal is imperfectly tuned to the resonance. The proposed capacitive sensor interface has been specifically developed for use as a front-end constituent in ultra-precision mechanical displacement measurement systems, such as accelerometers, seismometers, gravimeters and gravity gradiometers, where moving plate grounded air gap capacitors are frequently used. Some other applications of the proposed circuit are possible including the measurement of the electric field, where the sensing capacitor depends on the applied electric field, and cost effective capacitive gas sensors. In addition, the circuit can be easily adapted to function with very small capacitance values (1–2 pF) as is typical in MEMS-based transducers.
Dynamic chaos unveiled: enhancing ship’s attitude time series prediction through spatiotemporal embedding and improved transformer model
Authors: Zhao Huachuan , Wang Zicheng , Wang Guochen , Yu Fei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
During ship operations at sea, the vessel’s attitude undergoes continuous changes due to various factors such as wind, waves, and its own motion. These influences are challenging to mathematically describe, and the changes in attitude are also influenced by multiple interconnected factors. Consequently, accurately predicting the ship’s attitude presents significant challenges. Previous studies have demonstrated that phenomena like wind speed and wave patterns exhibit chaotic characteristics when affecting attitude changes. However, research on predicting ship attitudes lacks an exploration of whether chaotic characteristics exist and how they can be described and applied. This paper initially identifies the chaotic characteristics of ship attitude data through phase space reconstruction analysis and provides mathematical representations for them. Based on these identified chaotic characteristics, a Transformer model incorporating feature embedding layers is employed for time series prediction. Finally, a comparison with traditional methods validates the superiority of our proposed approach.
Necessary and sufficient conditions for Kolmogorov’s flux laws on

T

2

and

T

3
Authors: Dudley Ethan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Necessary and sufficient conditions for the third order Kolmogorov universal scaling flux laws are derived for the stochastically forced incompressible Navier Stokes equations on the torus in 2D and 3D. This paper rigorously generalises the result of (Bedrossian 2019 Commun. Math. Phys.
367 1045–75) to functions which are heavy-tailed in Fourier space or have local finite time singularities in the inviscid limit. In other words, we have rigorously derived the existence of the well known physical relationships, the direct and inverse cascades. Furthermore we show that the rate of the direct cascade is proportional to the amount of energy ‘escaping to infinity’ in spectral space as well as a measure of the total singularities within the solution. Similarly, an inverse cascade is proportional to the amount of energy that moves towards the k = 0 Fourier mode in the invisicid limit.
The exact solutions for the fractional Riemann wave equation in quantum mechanics and optics
Authors: Mohammed Wael W , Cesarano Clemente , Iqbal Naveed , Sidaoui Rabeb , Ali Ekram E 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the fractional Riemann wave equation with M-truncated derivative (FRWE-MTD) is considered. The Jacobi elliptic function method and the modified extended tanh function method are applied to acquire new elliptic, rational, hyperbolic, and trigonometric functions solutions. Moreover, we expand some earlier studies. The obtained solutions are important in explaining some exciting physical phenomena, since the Riemann wave equation is used in various fields, including quantum mechanics, optics, signal processing, and general relativity. Also, this equation is used to describe the propagation of waves in various dispersive systems, where wave motion is affected by the medium through which it travels. Several 3D and 2D graphs are shown to demonstrate how the M-truncated derivative affects the exact solutions of the FRWE-MTD.