bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognosis of new‐onset heart failure outpatients and collagen biomarkers
Authors: Sanchis Laura , Andrea Rut , Falces Carles , Llopis Jaume , Morales‐Ruiz Manuel , López‐Sobrino Teresa , Pérez‐Villa Félix , Sitges Marta , Sabate Manel , Brugada Josep 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundPrognosis of heart failure patients has been defined in hospital‐based or retrospective studies. This study aimed to characterize prognosis of outpatients with new‐onset preserved or reduced ejection fraction heart failure; to explore the role of collagen turnover biomarkers (MMP2, MMP9, TIMP1) in predicting prognosis; and to analyse their relationship with echocardiographic parameters and final diagnosis.MethodsThis is an observational, prospective, longitudinal study. Outpatients with new‐onset heart failure symptoms referred to a one‐stop clinic were included. Echocardiography and biomarkers plasma levels determination were performed at the inclusion. A prospective follow‐up was conducted to report cardiovascular events. The discriminant analysis was applied to identify the parameters related to cardiovascular outcomes.ResultsA total of 172 patients (75 ± 9 years) were included, 67% with heart failure (64% preserved and 36% with reduced ejection fraction). During follow‐up (median 34·5 months), 32·6% had at least one cardiovascular event and 9·9% died. Heart failure groups showed no differences in cardiovascular outcomes with a higher rate of events than nonheart failure patients. MMP2 and TIMP1 were correlated with diastolic dysfunction (Rho 0·349 and 0·294, P < 0·001). In the discriminant analysis, the combination of biomarkers with clinical, biochemical and echocardiographic parameters was useful to predict cardiovascular outcomes (AUC ROC 0·806, Wilks lambda 0·7688, P < 0·001).ConclusionsPrognosis of outpatients with new‐onset heart failure symptoms is comparable between heart failure with preserved or reduced subgroups. The addition of biomarkers specially MMP2 and high sensitive troponin I to other clinical, biochemical and echocardiographic variables can predict cardiovascular prognosis at the time of diagnosis.
Keratitis and periocular lesions associated with equine herpesvirus‐3 in a 3‐month‐old filly
Authors: Barba M. , Stewart A. J. , Shrader S. M. , Koehler J. W. , Johnson A. K. , Caldwell F. J. 
Published: June 2015

SummaryA 3‐month‐old Quarter Horse filly presented with corneal ulceration in the right eye with extensive coalescing periocular ulcerations, erosions, and cutaneous crusts. Similar periocular lesions were present around the left eye, on the gingival mucosa, and on the cutaneous and mucosal surfaces of the lips. Based on the severity of the filly's corneal lesions, expense and duration of treatment, euthanasia was elected. Histological post mortem examination revealed numerous hyperplastic and/or dysplastic epithelial cells adjacent to areas of ulceration and erosion with intranuclear viral inclusion bodies. Equine herpesvirus‐3 (EHV‐3) was identified by polymerase chain reaction from the right cornea and lip. The virus was isolated from the right cornea, right eyelid and lip. The dam presented with multifocal to coalescing perineal vesicles. EHV‐3 was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction from the vulvar lesions and the mare recovered spontaneously. This is the first case of EHV‐3 corneal infection reported in horses and emphasises that EHV‐3 should be included as a differential diagnosis for vesicular lesions involving the equine periocular and oronasal epithelium.
Diversity and evolution of Ty1‐copia retroelements within Chalcidoidea by reverse transcriptase domain analysis
Authors: Xiong T.‐L. , Xiao J.‐H. , Li Y.‐X. , Bian S.‐N. , Huang D.‐W. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractTy1‐copia retrotransposons are widespread and diverse in insects. Some features of their hosts, such as mating and genetic systems, are predicted to influence the spread of selfish genetic elements like Ty1‐copia. Using part of the reverse transcriptase gene as a reference, we experimentally surveyed Ty1‐copia elements in eight species of fig wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), and performed an in silico analysis of six available genomes of chalcid wasps. Contrary to initial expectations that selfish elements such as Ty1‐copia would be purged from the genomes of these species because of inbreeding and haplodiploidy, almost all of these wasps harbour an abundance of diverse Ty1‐copia elements. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that the families of Ty1‐copia elements found in these species have had a long association with their chalcid hosts. These results suggest an evolutionary scenario in which there was ancestral polymorphism followed by some taxa‐specific events including stochastic loss and further diversification. Furthermore, estimating natural selection within the internal and terminal portions of the Ty1‐copia phylogenies demonstrated that the elements are under strong evolutionary constraints for their long‐term survival, but evolve like pseudogenes in the short term, accompanied by the rise and fall of parasitic elements in the history of wasp lineage.
Breeding for better eye health in Finnish blue fox (Vulpes lagopus)
Authors: Kempe R. , Strandén I. 
Published: June 2015

SummaryThe frequency of eye infections in the Finnish blue fox population has increased during the past decade. Eye infection may incur economic losses to producers due to reduced selection intensity, but ethical aspects need to be considered as well because eye infection can be quite painful and reduce animal well‐being. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential for genetic selection against susceptibility to eye infection. The data were collected from 2076 blue foxes at the MTT fur animal research station. Genetic parameters were estimated using single‐ and multiple‐trait animal models. The heritability estimate for eye infection was analysed as a binary trait (EYE) and was moderate (0.24 ± 0.07). EYE had a moderate antagonistic genetic correlation (–0.49 ± 0.20) with grading density (thick underfur). The genetic correlation of EYE with grading size or body condition score was estimated without precision, but all size traits had a low antagonistic phenotypic correlation with EYE. Our results suggest that there is genetic variance in susceptibility to EYE, indicating that eye health can be improved through selection. The current recommendation is that the sick animals should be culled immediately. If more efficient selection is needed, the selection index and multiple‐trait animal models can be applied in breeding for better eye health.
Stent length is impact factor associated with stent patency in endoscopic ultrasound‐guided hepaticogastrostomy
Authors: Ogura Takeshi , Yamamoto Kazuhiro , Sano Tatsushi , Onda Saori , Imoto Akira , Masuda Daisuke , Takagi Wataru , Fukunishi Shinya , Higuchi Kazuhide 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackground and study aim:Despite high technical and functional success rates with endoscopic ultrasound‐guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS‐HGS), rates of adverse events have also been high. No reports have focused on EUS‐HGS alone with a large sample size about predictors of stent patency. The present study examined predictors of stent patency in patients who underwent EUS‐HGS.Patients and methods:The consecutive 51 patients who underwent EUS‐HGS using one metallic stent were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Baseline characteristics, stent length from the hepatic portion and in the luminal portion, kinds of stent dysfunction, and stent patency were reviewed.Results:Median duration of stent patency was significantly shorter with stent length in the luminal portion <3 cm (52 days) than with ≥3 cm (195 days; P < 0.01). On the other hand, median duration of stent patency did not differ significantly between ≥4 cm (194 days) and <4 cm (127 days; P = 0.1726). Length of stent in the luminal portion ≥3 cm (Hazard ration [HR], 9.242; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.255–26.244, P < 0.05) and performance of chemotherapy (HR, 3.022; 95% CI, 1.448–6.304, P < 0.05) were also associated with long stent patency on the Cox proportional hazards model.Conclusion:In conclusion, to obtain long‐term stent patency, our data suggest that a stent length ≥3 cm in the luminal portion may be suitable for EUS‐HGS.
Current challenges for explaining (ultra)high‐pressure tectonism in the Pennine domain of the Central and Western Alps
Authors: Schenker F. L. , Schmalholz S. M. , Moulas E. , Pleuger J. , Baumgartner L. P. , Podladchikov Y. , Vrijmoed J. , Buchs N. , Müntener O. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe Pennine domain of the Central and Western (PCW) Alps, including the Dora‐Maira, Monte Rosa, Gran Paradiso, Adula/Cima Lunga nappes and the Zermatt‐Saas zone underwent ultrahigh‐ or high‐pressure [(U)HP >1.5 GPa] metamorphism during the Alpine orogeny. We review structural, petrological and geochronological data for the (U)HP units in the PCW Alps (i) to clarify the relationship between (U)HP metamorphism and deformation, (ii) to confront published exhumation models for the (U)HP units with the reviewed data and (iii) to evaluate consequences of different pre‐Alpine paleogeographic settings (Penrose‐type ocean v. hyperextended margins) on the Alpine orogeny. The review indicates that (i) peak pressures are recorded only in minor volumes of the corresponding tectonic nappes; (ii) (U)HP rocks occur within coherent and imbricate thrust sheets which show substantial pressure jumps; (iii) peak pressures are mostly associated with a top‐to‐the‐foreland kinematics; (iv) decompression from (U)HP (4 to >1.5 GPa) to greenschist or amphibolite facies (~1 GPa) metamorphic conditions was fast (< c. 2 Ma); and (v) accreted fragments of the Alpine–Tethyan basins reflect Mesozoic hyperextended margins rather than mature Penrose‐type oceans. The comparison of these characteristics with numerical exhumation models suggests that exhumation of (U)HP rocks by buoyancy‐driven return flow within a subduction channel under near‐lithostatic pressure is unlikely because (i) models predict volumes of (U)HP rocks that are more than an order of magnitude larger as observed in the PCW Alps and (ii) the required top‐to‐the‐hinterland (U)HP kinematics in the hangingwall of (U)HP units has not been observed until now. Also, the buoyancy‐driven exhumation of the individual crustal (U)HP units within weak (≤1019 Pa s) and denser (> ~3180 kg m−3) rocks is questionable, because there is no evidence of such rocks around the (U)HP units. An alternative model, which could explain the main characteristics of the (U)HP units in the PCW Alps, is an orogenic wedge model that (i) involves dynamic stresses deviating from lithostatic pressure and (ii) is formed during the convergence of hyperextended margins. Deviations of dynamic stresses from the lithostatic pressure and local pressure variations cannot be excluded during the Alpine orogeny, but these deviations and variations have not been clearly identified until now.
Tectonic overpressure and underpressure in lithospheric tectonics and metamorphism
Authors: Gerya T. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe lithostatic pressure concept is most commonly applied on a geological scale for lithospheric processes and related evolution of metamorphic rock complexes. Here, various aspects of non‐lithostatic overpressure and underpressure phenomena in lithospheric tectonics and metamorphism are reviewed on the basis of recently published literature. The main conclusion from this short review is that these phenomena certainly exist in nature on all time and space scales including geological ones. They are, in particular, responsible for some geological processes, which are otherwise difficult to explain, such as downward water suction into the interior of subducting slabs. Magnitudes of overpressure and underpressure are strongly variable and may potentially reach up to ±100% of the lithostatic pressure and up to a GPa‐level. These magnitudes depend mainly on the rheology of deforming rocks and on the nature of related tectonic process. Rheological heterogeneity of deforming rock units, which is common in nature, has a tendency to enhance overpressure and underpressures. Large overpressure can typically be expected in rheologically strong (dry) bending rock units, in particular in the mantle lithosphere. However, rheological weakness of rocks and small local deviatoric stresses do not guarantee the absence of large overpressures in these rocks. Therefore, the influence of significant tectonic overpressure and/or underpressure cannot be excluded for any metamorphic complex a priori but should be instead tested by exploring realistic thermomechanical models for envisaged tectono‐metamorphic scenarios. Many lithospheric rocks subjected to large overpressures and underpressures cannot be studied as they do not exhume to the surface. Some controversy exists concerning overpressure magnitudes for the ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) rocks and several conflicting hypotheses are proposed, which need to be thoroughly tested in the future. In this respect, the Alpine region may offer a unique opportunity for the testing of geological‐scale overpressures in (U)HP rocks by combining structural‐geological and petrological data with realistic lithospheric‐scale numerical modelling.
Interaction of fentanyl with various cyclodextrins in aqueous solutions
Authors: Ogawa Noriko , Furuishi Takayuki , Nagase Hiromasa , Endo Tomohiro , Takahashi Chisato , Yamamoto Hiromitsu , Kawashima Yoshiaki , Loftsson Thorsteinn , Kobayashi Masaru , Ueda Haruhisa 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Objectives
Water-soluble fentanyl citrate salt has been used in sublingual or buccal formulations for the breakthrough pain treatment. However, fentanyl absorption through the lipid mucosal membrane may be improved by enhancing the non-ionic lipophilic fentanyl base solubility. Therefore, the interaction between cyclodextrins (CDs) and fentanyl base has been evaluated to obtain basic information for its application.

Methods
Parent CDs (α-, β- and γ-CD) as well as α- and β-CD derivatives were used for solubility studies with fentanyl base. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies were applied in a system including β-CD or glucosyl-β-CD (G1-β-CD) with fentanyl base or fentanyl citrate. 1H- and 13C-NMR studies and a two-dimensional rotating frame Overhauser effect spectroscopy (ROESY) study were conducted to confirm inclusion complexes formation.

Key findings
Parent CDs displayed BS type phase solubility diagrams; β-CD exhibited a strong interaction with fentanyl base. Hydrophilic β-CD derivatives, such as G1-β-CD, displayed AL type phase diagrams and higher solubilizing effects compared with parent CDs. ROESY study suggested that fentanyl phenyl groups were included in β-CD cavity.

Conclusions
This study revealed that hydrophilic β-CD derivatives, such as G1-β-CD, could be useful pharmaceutical additives for oral mucosal formulations because of the improved fentanyl base solubility via inclusion complexation.
Resveratrol mediates therapeutic hepatic effects in acquired and genetic murine models of iron‐overload
Authors: Das Subhash K. , DesAulniers Jessica , Dyck Jason R. B. , Kassiri Zamaneh , Oudit Gavin Y. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackground & AimsAbnormal iron metabolism and hepatic iron‐overload is a major cause of liver injury and in the development of chronic liver diseases. Iron‐overload‐mediated liver disease leads to end‐stage cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodsUsing a genetic hemochromatosis (hemojuvelin knockout mice) and non‐genetic (secondary iron‐overload) murine models of hepatic iron‐overload, we elucidated the mechanism of hepatic iron injury and the therapeutic effects of resveratrol.ResultsHepatic iron‐overload was associated with hepatosplenomegaly, increased oxidative stress, hepatic fibrosis, and inflammation, and a pro‐apoptotic state which was markedly corrected by resveratrol therapy. Importantly our aging studies with the hemojuvelin knockout mice showed advanced liver disease in association with steatosis in the absence of a diabetic state which recapitulates the essential pathological features seen in clinical iron‐overload. Chronic hepatic iron‐overload showed increased nuclear localization of acetylated Forkhead fox‐O‐1 (FoxO1) transcription factor whereas resveratrol dietary intervention reversed the acetylation of FoxO1 in association with increased SIRT1 levels which together with its pleotropic antioxidant properties are likely key mechanisms of its therapeutic action. Importantly, resveratrol treatment did not affect the degree of hepatic iron‐overload but rather direct protects the liver from iron‐mediated injury.ConclusionsOur findings illustrate a novel and definitive therapeutic action of resveratrol and represent an economically feasible therapeutic intervention to treat hepatic iron‐overload and liver disease.
Foraging a new trail with northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus): Lactating seals from islands with contrasting population dynamics have different foraging strategies, and forage at scales previously unrecognized by GPS interpolated dive data
Authors: Battaile Brian C. , Nordstrom Chad A. , Liebsch Nikolai , Trites Andrew W. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe reconstructed the foraging tracks of lactating northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) from two eastern Bering Sea islands (St. Paul Island and Bogoslof Island) using linear interpolation between GPS locations recorded at a maximum of four times per hour and compared it to tri‐axial accelerometer and magnetometer data collected at 16 Hz to reconstruct pseudotracks between the GPS fixes. The high‐resolution data revealed distances swum per foraging trip were much greater than the distances calculated using linearly interpolated GPS tracks (1.5 times further for St. Paul fur seals and 1.9 times further for Bogoslof fur seals). First passage time metrics calculated from the high resolution data revealed that the optimal scale at which the seals searched for prey was 500 m (radius of circle searched) for fur seals from St. Paul Island that went off‐shelf, and 50 m for fur seals from Bogoslof Island and surprisingly, 50 m for fur seals from St. Paul that foraged on‐shelf. These area‐restricted search scales were significantly smaller than those calculated from GPS data alone (12 km for St. Paul and 6 km for Bogoslof) indicating that higher resolution movement data can reveal novel information about foraging behaviors that have important ecological implications.
Genome‐wide patterns of recombination, linkage disequilibrium and nucleotide diversity from pooled resequencing and single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping unlock the evolutionary history of Eucalyptus grandis
Authors: Silva‐Junior Orzenil B. , Grattapaglia Dario 
Published: June 2015

Summary

We used high‐density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data and whole‐genome pooled resequencing to examine the landscape of population recombination (ρ) and nucleotide diversity (ϴw), assess the extent of linkage disequilibrium (r2) and build the highest density linkage maps for Eucalyptus.

At the genome‐wide level, linkage disequilibrium (LD) decayed within c. 4–6 kb, slower than previously reported from candidate gene studies, but showing considerable variation from absence to complete LD up to 50 kb. A sharp decrease in the estimate of ρ was seen when going from short to genome‐wide inter‐SNP distances, highlighting the dependence of this parameter on the scale of observation adopted. Recombination was correlated with nucleotide diversity, gene density and distance from the centromere, with hotspots of recombination enriched for genes involved in chemical reactions and pathways of the normal metabolic processes.

The high nucleotide diversity (ϴw = 0.022) of E. grandis revealed that mutation is more important than recombination in shaping its genomic diversity (ρ/ϴw = 0.645). Chromosome‐wide ancestral recombination graphs allowed us to date the split of E. grandis (1.7–4.8 million yr ago) and identify a scenario for the recent demographic history of the species.

Our results have considerable practical importance to Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS), while indicating bright prospects for genomic prediction of complex phenotypes in eucalypt breeding.
Effect of preterm birth on growth and cardiovascular disease risk at school age
Authors: Inomata Satomi , Yoshida Taketoshi , Koura Uta , Tamura Kentaro , Hatasaki Kiyoshi , Imamura Hiroaki , Mase Daisuke , Kigawa Mika , Adachi Yuichi , Inadera Hidekuni 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundLow birthweight is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in later life, but whether premature birth is also a risk factor for CVD has not been fully determined. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between gestational age and risk factors for CVD at school age.MethodsUsing medical check‐up data of school children, the relationship between gestational age and height, weight, body mass index, blood pressure, and lipid profiles at ages 9 and 12 years were investigated in children born preterm and admitted to neonatal intensive care unit at birth (n = 182; 115 boys and 67 girls). These data were also compared between preterm small for gestational age (SGA) children and preterm appropriate for gestational age (AGA) children.ResultsGestational age was positively associated with height, and inversely associated with systolic blood pressure at school age. Preterm SGA children were significantly shorter and lighter at 9 and 12 years of age compared with preterm AGA children, but there were no significant differences in any CVD risk factors between the groups.ConclusionsIn preterm infants, a shorter duration of gestation is associated with higher systolic blood pressure at school age.
Credentialing Public Health Nurses: Current Issues and Next Steps Forward
Authors: Vandenhouten Christine L. , DeVance‐Wilson Crystal L. , Little Barbara Battin 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this descriptive, cross‐sectional study was to identify Public Health Nurses' (PHN) perceived motivators and barriers to seeking PHN board certification.Design and SampleIn collaboration with the Quad Council of Public Health Nursing Organizations, PHNs from across the United States were invited to complete the PHN Certification Survey, a 14‐item online questionnaire.MeasuresA total of 912 surveys were completed.ResultsPHNs were motivated to seek PHN board certification by three overarching categories: professional competence, personal satisfaction, and financial incentives. Frequently cited barriers to certification were lack of knowledge of certification opportunities, being unaware of eligibility criteria, cost, perceived lack of value/reward by employer, and preparation time.ConclusionsDemonstrating a highly educated, competent, and reliable PHN workforce can only be achieved through ongoing professional development and credentialing. PH stakeholders (i.e., PHN organizations, employers, PHNs, etc.) need a strategic approach to address the main barriers to certification identified in this study (a) awareness of certification and eligibility criteria, and (b) recognition of the credential by employers. In addition, research on the relationship between PHN credentialing and population health outcomes is essential.