bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nuclear‐Spin‐Induced Circular Dichroism in the Infrared Region for Liquids
Authors: Chen Fang , Yao Guo‐hua , Zhang Zhen‐lin , Liu Fan‐chen , Chen Dong‐ming 
Published: April 2015

AbstractRecently, the nuclear‐spin‐induced optical rotation (NSOR) and circular dichroism (NSCD) for liquids were discovered and extensively studied and developed. However, so far, nuclear‐spin‐induced magnetic circular dichroism in the IR region (IR‐NSCD) has not been explored, even though all polyatomic molecules exhibit extensive IR spectra. Herein, IR‐NSCD is proposed and discussed theoretically. The results indicate that in favorable conditions the IR‐NSCD angle may be much larger than the NSOR angle in the UV/Vis region due to a vibrational resonance effect and can be measurable by using the NSOR experiment scheme. IR‐NSCD can automatically combine and give NMR spectra and IRCD spectra of the nuclear spin prepolarized samples in liquids, which, in principle, could be developed to become a unique, novel analytical tool.
Folding‐Induced Modulation of Excited‐State Dynamics in an Oligophenylene–Ethynylene‐Tethered Spiral Perylene Bisimide Aggregate
Authors: Son Minjung , Fimmel Benjamin , Dehm Volker , Würthner Frank , Kim Dongho 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe excited‐state photophysical behavior of a spiral perylene bisimide (PBI) folda‐octamer (F8) tethered to an oligophenylene–ethynylene scaffold is comprehensively investigated. Solvent‐dependent UV/Vis and fluorescence studies reveal that the degree of folding in this foldamer is extremely sensitive to the solvent, thus giving rise to an extended conformation in CHCl3 and a folded helical aggregate in methylcyclohexane (MCH). The exciton‐deactivation dynamics are largely governed by the supramolecular structure of F8. Femtosecond transient absorption (TA) in the near‐infrared region indicates a photoinduced electron‐transfer process from the backbone to the PBI core in the extended conformation, whereas excitation power‐ and polarization‐dependent TA measurements combined with computational modeling showed that excitation energy transfer between the unit PBI chromophores is the major deactivation pathway in the folded counterpart.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of the AgI/UiO‐66(Zr) Composite for Rhodamine B Degradation under Visible‐Light Irradiation
Authors: Sha Zhou , Sun Jiulong , Chan Hardy Sze On , Jaenicke Stephan , Wu Jishan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractVisible‐light photocatalysts that degrade organic pollutants in an efficient and recyclable way are highly desirable for water treatment. In this study, UiO‐66, a zirconium‐based metal–organic framework, was conjugated with AgI to obtain a composite for use as photocatalyst. The AgI/UiO‐66 composites with different composition ratios were synthesized by a simple solution method and exhibited remarkable activity for the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under visible‐light irradiation. The scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction results confirmed the outstanding structural stability of the AgI/UiO‐66 photocatalysts. The photocatalytic stability of the AgI/UiO‐66 composite was further examined by reusing AgI/UiO‐66 for long‐term dye degradation. The good stability of the AgI/UiO‐66 composite can be attributed to the outstanding stability of the UiO‐66 framework material, as well as the good interaction between AgI and the UiO‐66 framework. The mechanism of the photocatalytic RhB degradation by AgI/UiO‐66 was investigated by introducing different scavengers to compete for the possible reactive species involved in the degradation process.
Self‐Supported Chiral Polymeric MnIII Salen Complexes as Highly Active and Recyclable Catalysts for Epoxidation of Nonfunctionalized Olefins
Authors: Roy Tamal , Kureshy Rukhsana I. , Khan Noor‐ul H. , Abdi Sayed H. R. , Bajaj Hari C. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA series of self‐supported chiral polymeric MnIII N,N′‐ethylenebis(salicylimine) (salen) complexes were synthesized through metalation of the corresponding salen ligands obtained by condensation of several bis/tris‐aldehydes with (1R,2R)‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane. Upon employment in the asymmetric epoxidation reaction of nonfunctionalized olefins, all complexes showed enhanced activity and enantioselectivity relative to the classical Jacobsen’s monomeric salen complex. However, 1,3,5‐triazole‐based polymeric MnIII salen complex 7 was noticeably preferred over others owing to its ability to render higher enantioselectivity at the expense of lower catalyst loading. Furthermore, complex 7 was recycled and reused in eight recycling experiments with marginal loss in catalytic activity.
Porous Co3O4/CuO Composite Assembled from Nanosheets as High‐Performance Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Hao Qin , Zhao Dianyun , Duan Huimei , Xu Caixia 
Published: April 2015

AbstractUpon dealloying a carefully designed CoCuAl ternary alloy in NaOH solution at room temperature, a Co3O4/CuO nanocomposite with an interconnected porous microstructure assembled by a secondary structure of nanosheets was successfully fabricated. By using the dealloying strategy, the target metals directly grew to form uniform bimetallic oxide nanocomposites. Owing to the unique hierarchical structure and the synergistic effect of both active electrode materials, the Co3O4/CuO nanocomposite exhibits much enhanced electrochemical performance with higher capacities and better cycling stability compared to anodes of pure Co3O4. Moreover, it performs excellently in terms of cycle reversibility, Coulombic efficiency, and rate capability, at both low or high current rates. With the advantages of unique performance and ease of preparation, the as‐made Co3O4/CuO nanocomposite demonstrates promising application potential as an advanced anode material for lithium‐ion batteries.
Copper–Zinc Alloy Nanopowder: A Robust Precious‐Metal‐Free Catalyst for the Conversion of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Bottari Giovanni , Kumalaputri Angela J. , Krawczyk Krzysztof K. , Feringa Ben L. , Heeres Hero J. , Barta Katalin 
Published: April 2015

AbstractNoble‐metal‐free copper–zinc nanoalloy (<150 nm) is found to be uniquely suited for the highly selective catalytic conversion of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to potential biofuels or chemical building blocks. Clean mixtures of 2,5‐dimethylfuran (DMF) and 2,5‐dimethyltetrahydrofuran (DMTHF) with combined product yields up to 97 % were obtained at 200–220 °C using 20–30 bar H2. It is also possible to convert 10 wt % HMF solutions in CPME, with an excellent DMF yield of 90 %. Milder temperatures favor selective (95 %) formation of 2,5‐furandimethanol (FDM). The one‐pot conversion of fructose to valuable furan‐ethers was also explored. Recycling experiments for DMF production show remarkable catalyst stability. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterization provides more insight into morphological changes of this intriguing class of materials during catalysis.
A bidirectional DC/DC converter charge/discharge controller for solar energy illumination system integrating synchronous rectification SEPIC converter and active clamp flyback converter
Authors: Wu Yu‐En , Huang Kuo‐Chan , Li Ming‐Xuan 
Published: April 2015

SummaryThis paper presents a novel bidirectional DC‐to‐DC converter charge/discharge controller for solar energy illumination system. The bidirectional converter architecture integrates the synchronous rectification Single Ended Primary Inductor Converter (SEPIC) converter and an active clamp flyback converter. In addition to fully use the properties of the shared components and compensate for the shortcomings of conventional two‐stage illumination systems, the proposed system has the advantages of soft‐switching, simple structure, and high efficiency. During daytime, a SEPIC converter with synchronous rectification function was used to charge the lead acid battery through three‐stage charging and maximum power point tracking. At night, the battery discharges, driving and dimming high‐brightness LEDs using the active clamp flyback converter. Finally, a solar energy illumination system with both a 160 W charge/discharge controller and an 80 W LED driver was implemented to verify the feasibility and practicality of the proposed system. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gas Chromatography Analysis of Discharge Products in N2‐CH4 Gas Mixture at Atmospheric Pressure: Study of Mimic Titan's Atmosphere
Authors: Torokova L. , Watson J. , Krcma F. , Mazankova V. , Mason N. J. , Horvath G. , Matejcik S. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we report presence of various organic products formed in a flowing atmospheric glow discharge fed by gas mixture containing 1‐5 % of methane in nitrogen, which mimics the Titan's atmosphere. Gaseous products from the discharge exhaust were analysed by Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry (GC‐MS). The experimental results revealed C2H2, HCN, and CH3CN as the major products. Various hydrocarbons and nitriles were the other determined gaseous products. Whilst many of these compounds have been predicted and/or observed in the Titan atmosphere, the present plasma experiments provide evidence of both the chemical complexity of Titan atmospheric processes and the mechanisms by which larger species grow prior to form the dust that should cover much of the Titan's surface. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Second Harmonic Generation of Self Focused Cosh‐Gaussian Laser Beam in Collisionless Plasma
Authors: Singh A. , Gupta N. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis paper presents an investigation of self‐focusing of a Cosh‐Gaussian (ChG) laser beam and its effect on second harmonic generation in collisionless plasma. In the presence of ChG laser beam the carriers get redistributed from high field region to low field region on account of ponderomotive force as a result of which a transverse density gradient is produced in the plasma which in turn generates an electron‐plasma wave at pump frequency. Generated plasma wave interacts with the incident laser beam and hence generates its second harmonics. Moment theory has been used to derive differential equation governing the evolution of spot size of ChG laser beam propagating through collisionless plasma. The differential equation so obtained has been solved numerically. The effect of decentered parameter, intensity of ChG laser beam and density of plasma on self‐focusing of the laser beam and second harmonic yield has been investigated. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Localization and Screening Enhancement in Asymmetric Binary Ionic Mixtures
Authors: Whitley H. D. , Alley W. E. , Cabot W. H. , Castor J. I. , Nilsen J. , DeWitt† H. E. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe equation of state of binary ionic mixtures of similar ions, such as nitrogen, oxygen and carbon, has been extensively studied. The study of dense asymmetric mixtures, where Z2 >> Z1, has primarily focused on mixtures of hydrogen and iron at solar conditions. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we examine the behavior of highly asymmetric binary ionic mixtures, where the coupling of the high‐Z species may be orders of magnitude higher than the coupling of the low‐Z species. For the conditions we have studied, we find that strong correlations and signatures of solidification occur in the high‐Z species, while the low‐Z species exists as a freely flowing fluid within the high‐Z solid matrix. Solidification of the low‐Z species is correlated with the coupling between the two components. Using the Widom expansion method, we compute the plasma screening enhancement of the nuclear reaction rates for Z = 1 in a high‐Z matrix. We also provide some estimates of the coefficient of binary diffusion in the mixture. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Purging using the Heimlich maneuver among children and adolescents with eating disorders
Authors: Boachie Ahmed , Kusi Appiah Edigna , Jubin Michelle , Jasper Karin 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTThis case report describes five independent cases of children and adolescents assessed for eating disorders who disclosed using the Heimlich maneuver as a purging technique. The maneuver is meant to be used only in life or death situations, likely once or less in any person's lifetime. A child or adolescent with an eating disorder may be using it to self‐induce vomiting on a daily basis, increasing the risk of complications, including potential damage to major organs of the body. Asking patients who purge to elaborate on the methods with which they purge can provide clinicians with fuller information, improving their ability to select appropriate medical tests and interventions. Thorough investigations of physical complaints during the patient assessment may be warranted, including examining patients for possible rib fractures, hemorrhages, perforations of the hollow viscous, and other forms of blunt abdominal traumas. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:795–797)
Restraint Method for Overcoming Heating Irregularity and Improving Heating Equipment Efficiency for Beverage Cans Using High‐Frequency Induction Heating
Authors: Amei Kenji , Yamamoto Tomohiro , Ohji Takahisa , Sakui Masaaki 
Published: April 2015

SUMMARYWe were able to reduce heating irregularities in equipment for heating beverage cans by using the high‐frequency induction heating method and determining the resulting improvement in the heating efficiency. The heating irregularity between the top and bottom of the can was reduced to less than 3°C by improving the arrangement of the heating coils for the beverage can by thinning the winding and changing the circuit configuration. The efficiency of power conversion was improved from 93.0% to 97.4%. In this paper, the configuration of the equipment and the experimental results are reported.
Photoluminescence Tuning and Water Detection of Yttrium Diazinedicarboxylate Materials through Lanthanide Doping
Authors: Cepeda Javier , Pérez‐Yáñez Sonia , Beobide Garikoitz , Castillo Oscar , García Jose Ángel , Luque Antonio 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA series of yttrium(III)‐based compounds with three diazinedicarboxylate ligands, namely, {[Y2(μ‐pmdc)2(μ‐ox)(H2O)6]·4H2O}n (1, pmdc = pyrimidine‐4,6‐dicarboxylato, ox = oxalato), {[Y2(μ‐pmdc)3(H2O)6]·2DMF·8H2O}n (2, DMF = N,N‐dimethylformamide), {[Y2(μ3‐pmdc)2(μ‐ox)(H2O)4]·xH2O}n (3, x ≈ 4.66), {[Y(μ4‐pmdc)(NO3)(H2O)]·H2O}n (4), [Y2(μ‐pddc)3(H2O)6]·7H2O (5, pddc = pyridazine‐3,6‐dicarboxylato) and {[Y6(μ4‐pzdc)6(NO3)(H2O)16](NO3)5·2H2O}n (6, pzdc = pyrazine‐2,5‐dicarboxylato), have been prepared by different synthetic approaches. The crystal structures range from 0D to 3D architectures, and all of the compound show solvent‐occupied volumes. The thermal behaviour of these compounds has been analysed, and the open structure of 3 shows a reversible uptake/release of water. Moreover, the yttrium matrix of 3 has been doped with Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions to investigate the photoluminescence response of the hybrid materials. In addition to a tuneable emission colour through the concentration of luminescent ions and the excitation wavelength, these hybrid materials could serve as potential photofluorescent sensors for water detection through the reversible dehydration/rehydration process.
One‐Pot Synthesis of a 1,2‐Diphospholide by Double C–H Deprotonation
Authors: Dixon Lily S. H. , Matthews Peter D. , Solomon Sophia A. , Wright Dominic S. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe relationship between phosphorus and carbon chemistry has been realized for many years. Phosphorus relatives of classical organic ligands (like cyclopentadienide, Cp–) in which carbon atoms have been substituted for phosphorus atoms are important classes of organometallic ligands, which are relevant to catalysis. Often, however, a limit to applying the phosphorus counterparts is the low‐yielding and circuitous nature of their synthesis. A case in point is the 1,2‐diphospholide ligand framework, an important analogue of the cyclopentadienyl ligand, which has only been obtained from multistep syntheses. We report in this paper a high‐yielding and direct route to this type of framework using a very simple approach. Treatment of MesPHLi (Mes = 2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl) with Sb(NMe2)3 generates the 5,7‐dimethyl‐1,2‐benzodiphosphol‐1‐ide anion (1), the first 1,2‐diphospholide analogue of indenyl. Structural and NMR spectroscopic investigations suggest that this unique reaction, involving double C–H deprotonation of a CH3 group of the Mes ligand, occurs through the rearrangement of a tetraphospha‐1,4‐diide anion.
Potassium and Magnesium Complexes of the (Iminophosphoranyl)(selenophosphoranyl)methanide Ligand [CH(PPh2Se)(PPh2NSiMe3)]–
Authors: Thirumoorthi Ramalingam , Chivers Tristram 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe Se,N ligand CH2(PPh2Se)(PPh2NSiMe3) (1e) was prepared in excellent yield by treatment of [CH2(PPh2)(PPh2NSiMe3)] with selenium in hot toluene. Reactions of 1e with a small excess of KH or with Mg[N(SiMe3)2] in a 2:1 molar ratio in boiling THF or toluene produced [K{CH(PPh2Se)(PPh2NSiMe3)}]2 (K3e) or Mg{CH(PPh2Se)(PPh2NSiMe3)}2 [Mg(3e)2], respectively. Compounds 1e, (K3e)2, and Mg(3e)2 were characterized by multinuclear (1H, 13C, 29Si, 31P, 77Se) NMR spectroscopy, and their X‐ray structures were determined. In the solid state the N,Se‐coordinated potassium salt forms a centrosymmetric dimer via weak K···Se interactions [3.269(1) Å]; the K+ ions also engage in intramolecular (η3 and η6) interactions with neighboring phenyl groups. The homoleptic magnesium complex Mg(3e)2 is monomeric and exhibits a Se,C,N‐bonding mode [Mg–C 2.480(5) and 2.442(5) Å].
Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Mannich‐Type Reaction of Benzyl Isocyanide: Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,2‐Diarylethylenediamines
Authors: Tamura Keiji , Kumagai Naoya , Shibasaki Masakatsu 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA direct catalytic asymmetric Mannich‐type reaction of benzyl isocyanide using a CuI catalyst and N‐(diphenylthiophosphinoyl)imines was developed. The simultaneous activation strategy by soft–soft interaction was the key to promote the reaction using a weakly acidic pronucleophile, benzyl isocyanide. The spontaneous cyclization of the Mannich adduct afforded the corresponding enantioenriched imidazolines, which could be precursors for a variety of 1,2‐diarylethylenediamines.
Cervical 10 kHz spinal cord stimulation in the management of chronic, medically refractory migraine: A prospective, open‐label, exploratory study
Authors: Arcioni R. , Palmisani S. , Mercieri M. , Vano V. , Tigano S. , Smith T. , Fiore M.R.D. , Al‐Kaisy A. , Martelletti P. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundA significant minority of chronic migraine (CM) subjects fail conventional medical treatment (rCM), becoming highly disabled. Implantation of an occipital nerve stimulator is a therapeutic option for these subjects. Paresthesia‐free cervical 10 kHz spinal cord stimulation (HF10 SCS) may provide an alternative. We report the results of a prospective, open‐label, exploratory study assessing the long‐term safety, tolerability and efficacy of cervical HF10 SCS in cohort of rCM subjects.MethodsIncluded subjects were diagnosed with CM by an experienced headache specialist with the aid of an hourly headache diary. They were refractory to conventional medical treatments including onabotulinumtoxin‐A injections. Medication overuse headache was not an exclusion criteria. Enrolled subjects underwent a 2‐ to 4‐week tunnelled cervical HF10 SCS trial followed by a permanent system implant if a significant, subjective reduction in headache intensity/episodes was reported during the trial. Subjects were evaluated at baseline and 6 months after implantation with the aid of monthly diaries and headache‐specific questionnaires.ResultsSeventeen subjects underwent a trial of cervical HF10 SCS; 14 were still implanted at 6 months (one trial failure, one trial infection, one implant site infection). Seven of the 14 subjects had >30% reduction in headache days. The average reduction in headache days was 6.9 for the overall population and 12.9 among the responders. Three subjects reported tenderness over the IPG/connection site, and one had a lead migration that required surgical revision.ConclusionParesthesia‐free cervical HF10 SCS may be a safe and effective therapeutic option for chronic migraineurs refractory to conventional treatments.
Brain mechanisms of pain relief by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Choi J.C. , Kim J. , Kang E. , Lee J.‐M. , Cha J. , Kim Y.J. , Lee H.G. , Choi J.‐H. , Yi D.‐J. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the exact mechanism of TENS pain relief is unknown, it is believed that TENS impulses interrupt nociceptive signals at the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.AimsTo evaluate the hypotheses that during pain caused by noxious stimuli, brain responses, temporal summation and brain functional connectivity are modulated by TENS, and that mechanisms of pain relief by TENS differ between men and women.MethodsDuring fMRI scanning, the same noxious stimuli were delivered to each participant in pain‐only and pain+TENS conditions. In the pain‐only condition, noxious stimuli were presented without TENS. In the pain+TENS condition, participants received noxious stimuli and TENS concurrently. Participants were initially presented with TENS at an intensity that was just below that causing discomfort. TENS intensity was presented in a step‐wise fashion to prevent temporal summation from repetitive noxious stimuli.ResultsPain and unpleasantness ratings were significantly higher in the pain‐only than the pain+TENS condition. With non‐painful TENS, primary and secondary somatosensory and parietal cortices were activated, and temporal summation from repetitive noxious stimuli was prevented. Periaqueductal gray (PAG) and lateral prefrontal cortex functional connectivity was increased by TENS, and modulated by testosterone and cortisol. Women reported greater pain during TENS than men, and showed greater activation in the temporoparietal junction cortex and increased PAG functional connectivity with the orbitofrontal cortex.ConclusionTENS led to pain reduction, probably due to activation of the descending pain‐inhibitory pathway, indicating that this TENS method may be applied in clinical practice.
Eating Disorders and Their Putative Risk Factors Among Female German Professional Athletes
Authors: Thiemann Pia , Legenbauer Tanja , Vocks Silja , Platen Petra , Auyeung Bonnie , Herpertz Stephan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis study examines putative non‐sport‐specific and sport‐specific risk factors for eating disorders (ED) among groups of professional female athletes versus non‐athletes. In detail, societal pressure to be thin, its internalisation, body dissatisfaction, sports pressure and early specialisation were investigated. The cross‐sectional study included 46 aesthetic and 62 ball game sports athletes, and 108 age‐matched non‐athletes. Study methods comprised a clinical interview to detect ED and questionnaires. More athletes from aesthetic (17%) than from ball game sports (3%) and non‐athletes (2%) suffered from ED. Aesthetic sports athletes did not differ from non‐athletes in non‐sport‐specific factors but obtained higher levels than ball game sports athletes in sport‐specific variables (p < .01). All factors together accounted for 57.3% of variation in disordered eating, with sports pressure and body dissatisfaction as significant predictors. The results confirm ED risk for German aesthetic athletes and indicate the importance of sports pressure and body dissatisfaction in explaining athletes' vulnerability. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.