bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factor Detection as a Metric of STARHS Performance for HIV
Incidence Surveillance Among Female Sex Workers in Kigali, Rwanda
Authors: Braunstein Sarah L , van de Wijgert Janneke H , Vyankandondera Joseph , Kestelyn Evelyne , Ntirushwa Justin , Nash Denis 
Published: September 2012

Background:
The epidemiologic utility of STARHS hinges not only on producing accurate estimates of HIV incidence, but also on identifying risk factors for recent HIV infection.

Methods:
As part of an HIV seroincidence study, 800 Rwandan female sex workers (FSW) were HIV tested, with those testing positive further tested by BED-CEIA (BED) and AxSYM Avidity Index (Ax-AI) assays. A sample of HIV-negative (N=397) FSW were followed prospectively for HIV seroconversion. We compared estimates of risk factors for: 1) prevalent HIV infection; 2) recently acquired HIV infection (RI) based on three different STARHS classifications (BED alone, Ax-AI alone, BED/Ax-AI combined); and 3) prospectively observed seroconversion.

Results:
There was mixed agreement in risk factors between methods. HSV-2 coinfection and recent STI treatment were associated with both prevalent HIV infection and all three measures of recent infection. A number of risk factors were associated only with prevalent infection, including widowhood, history of forced sex, regular alcohol consumption, prior imprisonment, and current breastfeeding. Number of sex partners in the last 3 months was associated with recent infection based on BED/Ax-AI combined, but not other STARHS-based recent infection outcomes or prevalent infection. Risk factor estimates for prospectively observed seroconversion differed in magnitude and direction from those for recent infection via STARHS.

Conclusions:
Differences in risk factor estimates by each method could reflect true differences in risk factors between the prevalent, recently, or newly infected populations, the effect of study interventions (among those followed prospectively), or assay misclassification. Similar investigations in other populations/settings are needed to further establish the epidemiologic utility of STARHS for identifying risk factors, in addition to incidence rate estimation.
Use of HIV Case Surveillance System to Design and Evaluate Site-Randomized Interventions in an HIV Prevention Study: HPTN 065
Authors: Donnell Deborah J , Hall H Irene , Gamble Theresa , Beauchamp Geetha , Griffin Angelique B , Torian Lucia V , Branson Bernard , El-Sadr Wafaa M 
Published: September 2012

Introduction:Modeling studies suggest intensified HIV testing, linkage-to-care and antiretroviral treatment to achieve viral suppression may reduce HIV transmission and lead to control of the epidemic. To study implementation of strategy, population-level data are needed to monitor outcomes of these interventions. US HIV surveillance systems are a potential source of these data.Methods:HPTN065 (TLC-Plus) Study is evaluating the feasibility of a test, linkage-to-care, and treat strategy for HIV prevention in two intervention communities - the Bronx, NY, and Washington, DC. Routinely collected laboratory data on diagnosed HIV cases in the national HIV surveillance system were used to select and randomize sites, and will be used to assess trial outcomes.Results:To inform study randomization, baseline data on site-aggregated study outcomes was provided from HIV surveillance data by New York City and Washington D.C. Departments of Health. The median site rate of linkage-to-care for newly diagnosed cases was 69% (IQR 50%-86%) in the Bronx and 54% (IQR 33%-71%) in Washington, D.C. In participating HIV care sites, the median site percent of patients with viral suppression (<400 copies/mL) was 57% (IQR 53%-61%) in the Bronx and 64% (IQR 55%-72%) in Washington, D.C.Conclusions:In a novel use of site-aggregated surveillance data, baseline data was used to design and evaluate site randomized studies for both HIV test and HIV care sites. Surveillance data have the potential to inform and monitor sitelevel health outcomes in HIV-infected patients.
Influence of Initial Porosity on Strength Properties of S235JR Steel at Low Stress Triaxiality
Authors: Kossakowski P.G. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract The paper discusses the influence of the initial parameters on the strength parameters of S235JR steel at low stress triaxiality. The analysis was performed using the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) material model, which takes into consideration the material structure. The initial material porosity was defined as the void volume fraction f0. The fully dense material without pores was assumed and the typical and maximum values of porosity were considered for S235JR steel in order to analyse the porosity effect. The strength analysis of S235JR steel was performed basing on the force-elongation curves obtained experimentally and during numerical simulations. Taking into consideration the results obtained, the average values of the initial void volume fraction f0 = 0.001 for S235JR steel is recommended to use in a common engineering calculations for elements operating at low stress triaxiality. In order to obtain more conservative results, the maximum values of f0 = 0.0024 may be used.
Application of Adhesive Bonding in Steel and Aluminium Structures
Authors: Piekarczyk M. , Grec R. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe paper presents achievements in gluing technique in steel and aluminium structures. Adhesives currently in use and available on the market are characterized from the point of view of their mechanical properties. Design rules of adhesive connections and basic methods for their calculations are mentioned. The most significant examples of the applications of those joints in steel as well as aluminium structures are shown.
Characterization of Electrical Transport in Lsmo with Enhanced Temperature of Metal-Insulator Transition
Authors: Štrbík Vladimír , Chromik Štefan 
Published: September 2012

Characterization of Electrical Transport in Lsmo with Enhanced Temperature of Metal-Insulator TransitionWe have studied La0.67Sr0.33MnO3(LSMO) thin films with temperature of metal-insulator (TMI) transition enhanced to above 400 K, and we estimated characteristic electrical transport mechanisms for these films. We have fitted the measured resistivity vs. temperature ρ(T) dependence in a wide temperature range 4-500 K using different mechanisms of the electrical transport in different parts of ρ(T). In addition to the narrow temperature range aroundTMIvery well agreement was found. We found out that the Debye's temperature was also increased (ΘD≈ 840 K) probably due to the change in crystallization of LSMO films.
Arbutus menziesii (Ericaceae) facilitates regeneration dynamics in mixed evergreen forests by promoting mycorrhizal fungal diversity and host connectivity
Authors: Kennedy Peter G. , Smith Dylan P. , Horton Tom R. , Molina Randy J. 
Published: September 2012

• Premise of study: In the mixed evergreen forests in the western United States, Arbutus menziesii is able to quickly resprout following disturbance and, as such, act as a nurse tree during forest regeneration. The mechanism for this nurse tree effect has frequently been ascribed to mycorrhizal fungi, but no detailed molecular‐based studies of the mycorrhizal fungal communities associated with A. menziesii roots have yet been conducted.• Methods: We examined the structure of the mycorrhizal fungal communities associated with A. menziesii in varying forest types and seasons and assessed the potential for common mycelial networks between A. menziesii and Pinaceae hosts, particularly Pseudotsuga menziesii. Study sites were located in the Klamath‐Siskyou region in southern Oregon, United States. Molecular approaches were used to identify the mycorrhizal fungi (ITS rDNA) and plant hosts (trnL cDNA).• Key results: Arbutus menziesii hosts a highly diverse mycorrhizal fungal community with similar composition to communities found on other angiosperm and Pinaceae hosts. Phylogenetic analyses of the mycorrhizal genus Piloderma revealed that host species and geographic location had little effect on fungal taxon relatedness. Multihost fungal taxa were significantly more frequent and abundant than single‐host fungal taxa, and there was high potential for the formation of common mycelial networks with P. menziesii.• Conclusions: Our results suggest A. menziesii is a major hub of mycorrhizal fungal diversity and connectivity in mixed evergreen forests and plays an important role in forest regeneration by enhancing belowground resilience to disturbance.
Pictorial essay: Acute neurological complications in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Kembhavi Seema A , Somvanshi Snehal , Banavali Shripad , Kurkure Purna , Arora Brijesh 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the commonest childhood malignancy with high cure rates due to recent advances in central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis. The disease per se, as well as the prophylactic therapy, predisposes the child to complications such as cerebrovascular events, infections, drug toxicities, etc. The purpose of this study is to highlight the pathophysiology and the imaging features (with appropriate examples) of these complications and to propose a diagnostic algorithm based on MRI. Interpreting these scans in the light of clinical inputs very often helps the radiologist reach an appropriate diagnosis and help treatment and management.
Counseling Supervision for Counselor Development in Malaysia
Authors: Jaladin Rafidah Aga Mohd , Amit Noh , Sumari Melati 
Published: September 2012

A mounting body of research confirms the clinical wisdom that supervision is a critical component of counselor development. Recent supervision research has unraveled some of the important elements of supervision that can contribute to the effectiveness of and satisfaction with counseling supervision. The process and characteristics of counseling supervision have been extensively studied in the western countries and many theoretical approaches and models of supervision have been developed. Notwithstanding the broad acceptance of supervision, there has been little empirical investigation in the local context that explores this topic. This lack of normative information makes it difficult for Malaysia to develop its own model of counseling supervision that is agreed upon by most institutions. Encouraging news for the supervisors is that the Malaysian Board of Counselors or Lembaga Kaunselor Malaysia has taken the initial step in training supervisors suggesting an awareness of the importance of quality supervision. This paper draws on recent literature to illustrate the need for quality research in counseling supervision to contribute to counselor development. Some issues and challenges in developing the Malaysian model of supervision are also discussed. Suggestions for future research are also presented to tie-up the whole discussion. Keyword - Counselor Education, Supervision, Malaysian counseling, professional development.
A homozygous IER3IP1 mutation causes microcephaly with simplified gyral pattern, epilepsy, and permanent neonatal diabetes syndrome (MEDS)
Authors: Abdel‐Salam Ghada M.H. , Schaffer Ashleigh E. , Zaki Maha S. , Dixon‐Salazar Tracy , Mostafa Inas S. , Afifi Hanan H. , Gleeson Joseph G. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractWolcott–Rallison syndrome (WRS) and the recently delineated microcephaly with simplified gyration, epilepsy, and permanent neonatal diabetes syndrome (MEDS) are clinically overlapping autosomal recessive disorders characterized by early onset diabetes, skeletal defects, and growth retardation. While liver and renal symptoms are more severe in WRS, neurodevelopmental characteristics are more pronounced in MEDS patients, in which microcephaly and uncontrolled epilepsy are uniformly present. Mutations in the EIF2AK3 gene were described in patients with WRS and defects in this gene lead to increased susceptibility to apoptotic cell death. Mutations in IER3IP1 have been reported in patients with MEDS and similarly, loss of activity results in apoptosis of neurons and pancreatic beta cells in patients. Here we report on a homozygous mutation of the IER3IP1 gene in four patients from two unrelated consanguineous Egyptian families presenting with MEDS who display burst suppression patterns on EEG. All patients presented with mildly elevated liver enzymes, microalbuminuria, and skeletal changes such as scoliosis and osteopenia, leading to repeated bone fractures. We expand the phenotypic spectrum of MEDS caused by IER3IP1 gene mutations and propose that WRS and MEDS are overlapping clinical syndromes, displaying significant gene‐dependent clinical variability. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Aphonia, microstomia, deafness, retinal dystrophy, duplicated halluces and intellectual disability
Authors: Kariminejad Ariana , Hennekam Raoul C.M. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractWe report on a sister and brother born to healthy, double first cousin Iranian parents with a seemingly unique combination of signs and symptoms consisting of intellectual disability, congenital absent voice (aphonia), hearing loss, optic atrophy, retinal dystrophy, mildly broad thumbs, and duplicated halluces. Their facial morphology was unusual: thick eyebrows, ptosis, full eyelashes, long palpebral fissures, downslanting palpebral fissures, small mouth, and low‐set, posteriorly rotated ears. This phenotype does not meet the diagnostic criteria of any known entity. Because of parental consanguinity, absence of manifestations in parents, and occurrence in sibs of opposite sex, an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance is likely. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Four Alkali‐Induced 3D Strontium(II) Coordination Polymers Constructed from Imidazole‐4,5‐dicarboxylate: Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Properties
Authors: Zhang Xian‐Fa , Deng Zhao‐Peng , Huo Li‐Hua , Feng Qing‐Mao , Gao Shan 
Published: September 2012

AbstractFour alkali‐induced 3D coordination polymers, namely [Sr(HIDC)(H3IDC)(H2O)]n·nH2O (1), [Sr(HIDC)]n (2), [Sr3(HIDC)2(H2IDC)4]n (3), and [Sr2(HIDC)2]n (4), were constructed from strontium(II) and imidazole‐4,5‐dicarboxylic acid (H3IDC) and were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TG, PL, powder and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Complex 1 is an eca net with the Schläfli symbol of (39.412.57) by considering the SrII cation as an 8‐connected node. Complex 2 presents a rare 5‐connected network with Schäfli symbol of (45.65) when the SrII cation and HIDC2– dianion are viewed as 5‐connected nodes. Complex 3 is a complicated 3D network, which can be regarded as a H2IDC– monoanion sustained porous framework filled by another HIDC2– dianion and H2IDC– monoanion. Complex 4 exhibits a 3D porous framework with 1D trigonal hydrophobic channels. The ligand H3IDC in the four complexes exists as the H3IDC molecule, the H2IDC– monoanion, and the HIDC2– dianion. In addition, the μ2 (κ1N:κ1O:κ1O) mode of the H3IDC molecule in complex 1, the μ3 (κ1O:κ1O:κ1O:κ1O) and μ3 (κ1N:κ1O:κ1O:κ1O) modes of the H2IDC– monoanion in complex 3, as well as the μ5 (κ1N:κ2O:κ1O:κ2O:κ1O) and μ6 (κ1N:κ2O:κ2O:κ2O:κ2O) modes of the HIDC2– dianion in complexes 2 and 4 are reported for the first time. Diverse topological architectures of the four complexes depend mainly on the coordination spheres of the SrII cation, the coordination modes of the anions, the different alkali, and the ligand to alkali ratio. TG analysis indicates that complex 2 presents high thermal stability, while the TG curve and temperature‐dependent PXRD spectra of complex 4 indicate that its framework is stable up to 350 °C. Moreover, the solid‐state luminescent properties demonstrate that complexes 1 to 4 exhibit strong blue emission at room temperature.
Determination of Plant Hormone Indole‐3‐Acetic Acid in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Bulíčková Jana , Sokolová Romana , Giannarelli Stefania , Muscatello Beatrice 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAn electroanalytical method was developed for the determination of the phytohormone indole‐3‐acetic acid in water using a glassy‐carbon electrode. The differential pulse voltammetry was combined with a purification step which involved the extraction of plant tissue and the separation of plant pigments by passing through column Oasis MCX. Indole‐3‐acetic acid can be determined under optimum conditions with a limit of quantification (LOQ) 2.7×10−6 mol L−1. The linearity range was from 1.8×10−6 to 6.6×10−4 mol L−1. The electroanalytical determination of indole‐3‐acetic acid is selective, fast and economic. The presence of other phytohormones as abscisic acid and cytokinins as isopentenyladenine, isopentenyladenosine, trans‐zeatin, zeatin riboside does not interfere the determination of indole‐3‐acetic acid in plant sample.
Quality of life instruments for skull base pathology: Systematic review and methodologic appraisal
Authors: de Almeida John R. , Witterick Ian J. , Gullane Patrick J. , Gentili Fred , Lohfeld Lynne , Ringash Jolie , Thoma Achilles , Vescan Allan D. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundSeveral quality of life (QOL) instruments exist for skull base pathology, however, there have been no attempts to appraise and systematically review these instruments.MethodsWe systematically reviewed MEDLINE, EMBASE, Central, AMED, Health and Psychosocial Instruments, and PsychoInfo for anterior or central skull base QOL instruments to January 2010. We queried experts, bibliographies, and meeting proceedings from the North American Skull Base Society from 2005 to 2009. Included instruments were evaluated for instrument characteristics, item generation and reduction, field testing, and measurement properties using predefined criteria.ResultsWe identified 9 QOL instruments: 7 measuring QOL for pituitary pathology, 1 for midface pathology, and 1 for anterior skull base pathology. Eight of the 9 instruments have had some psychometric testing. None demonstrated all of the predefined psychometric properties.ConclusionsThere are several QOL instruments for patients with skull base pathology. None of these instruments met all predefined requirements, and further instrument development is needed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
First bite syndrome: Case report of 3 patients treated with botulinum toxin and review of other treatment modalities
Authors: Sims John R. , Suen James Y. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundFirst bite syndrome is an unexpected yet relatively common complication of surgeries involving the parapharyngeal space. It can have a significant effect on both the quality of life and physical health of affected patients. This study presents 3 cases of first bite syndrome treated with botulinum toxin and a review of the current literature on available treatment modalities for first bite syndrome.MethodsThree patients with first bite syndrome were injected with 75 units of botulinum toxin into affected parotid glands, focusing on areas of greatest first bite pain.ResultsTwo of 3 patients experienced complete relief of symptoms for 4 to 6 months. The third patient had significant decrease in pain at 4‐month follow‐up.ConclusionsMany treatments for first bite syndrome have been attempted including: dietary modification, pharmacological treatments, and surgical treatments. However, few have been successful. Botulinum toxin is a safe and effective treatment for this life altering and difficult to treat first bite syndrome. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Cost-effectiveness of alendronate for the treatment of osteopenic postmenopausal women in Japan
Authors: Moriwaki Kensuke , Komaba Hirotaka , Noto Shinichi , Yanagisawa Shinichiro , Takiguchi Toru , Inoue Hiroki , Toujo Takeshi , Fukagawa Masafumi , Takahashi Hideaki E. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Many postmenopausal women have osteopenia, a condition characterized by loss of bone mineral density (BMD) that is not as severe as in osteoporosis. The objective of this study was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of alendronate to prevent fractures in osteopenic postmenopausal women without a history of fracture in Japan. An individual simulation model was developed to predict lifetime costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) of 5 years of preventive alendronate therapy versus no preventive therapy. The risk of hip and vertebral fracture associated with age and BMD was derived from epidemiologic studies in Japan. We ran the model with different combinations of age (65, 70, and 75 years), BMD (70%, 75%, and 80% of young adult mean [YAM]), and additional clinical risk factors. For 70-year-old women with a BMD of 70% of the YAM having one of the following risk factors: a family history of hip fracture, high alcohol intake, or current smoking, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of alendronate was $92,937, $126,251, and $129,067 per QALY, respectively. These results were sensitive to age, BMD, and number of clinical risk factors. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis for the base case showed that in the presence of one, two, and three risk factors, alendronate was cost-effective in 0.2% to 2.6%, 13.1% to 56.1%, and 99.1% of the simulations, respectively, if society is willing to pay $50,000 per QALY. Additional analysis indicated that alendronate can be a good value in osteopenic women if the 10-year probability for a osteoporotic hip or vertebral fracture is more than 26.2%. Our results indicate that whether to treat osteopenia with alendronate should be determined on the basis of age, BMD, and number of clinical risk factors in terms of cost-effectiveness. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Recombinant Laccase: I. Enzyme cloning and characterization
Authors: Nicolini Claudio , Bruzzese Debora , Cambria Maria Teresa , Bragazzi Nicola Luigi , Pechkova Eugenia 
Published: September 2012

AbstractWe obtained structural and functional characterization of a recombinant Laccase from Rigidoporus lignosus (formerly Rigidoporus microporus), a white‐rot basidiomycete, by means of circular dichroism (CD) spectra, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and biochemical assays. Here we report the optimization of expression and purification procedures of a recombinant Laccase expressed in supercompetent Escherichia coli cells. We amplified the coding sequence of Laccase using PCR from cDNA and cloned into a bacterial expression system. The resulting expression plasmid, pET‐28b, was under a strong T7/Lac promoter induced by IPTG (isopropyl‐β‐d‐thiogalactoipyranoside). We obtained purification by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) method. We recorded the variation of the current of a solution containing purified Laccase with increasing Syringaldazine (SGZ) concentration using a potentiometer as proof of principle, showing its compatibility with the development of a new enzymatic biosensor for medical purposes, as described in Part II. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 599–605, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.