bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methamphetamine and HIV-1 Tat protein synergistically induce endoplasmic reticulum stress to promote TRIM13-mediated neuronal autophagy
Authors: Wang Chan , Yang Genmeng , Huang Jian , Tian Yunqing , Leung Chi-Kwan , Miao Lin , Wang Haowei , Li Yi , Huang Yizhen , Teng Hanxin , Liu Liu , Li Juan , Zeng Xiaofeng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Co-exposure to methamphetamine (METH) abuse and HIV infection exacerbates central nervous system damage. However, the underlying mechanisms of this process remain poorly understood. This study aims to explore the roles of neuronal autophagy in the synergistic damage to the central nervous system caused by METH and HIV proteins. Models of METH and HIV-1 Tat protein co-exposure were established using tree shrews, primary neurons, and SH-SY5Y cells. Co-exposure to METH and HIV-1 Tat protein significantly increased the distance traveled, mean velocity, and stereotyped behaviors of tree shrews in the open field test. Western blot analysis revealed that Co-exposure to METH and HIV-1 Tat protein markedly increased the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-associated proteins (p-ERK, IRE1, ATF6, and Bip) and autophagy markers (ATG7, ATG5, Beclin1, and LC3II). Conversely, Co-exposure to METH and HIV-1 Tat protein significantly downregulated the expressions of p62 and TRIM13. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that Pre-treatment with the ERS inhibitor 4-PBA or TRIM13-siRNA rescued the abnormal behaviors induced by METH and HIV-1 Tat protein co-exposure in tree shrews and restored the expression of ERS-related and autophagy-related proteins. Additionally, TRIM13 was found to interact with autophagy-related proteins, including p62, Beclin1, and LC3II by immunoprecipitation assays. Our findings suggest for the first time that METH and HIV-1 Tat protein synergistically induce neuronal autophagy through ERS pathways, with TRIM13 playing a pivotal regulatory role in this process.
Exploring Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence for Sickle Cell Anemia Research: A VOSviewer-Based Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Subash C , Santhi K , Yahya Abid , Sunil S , S Buvanashankar C. , Chellatamilan T 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

From the Scopus database,around 36,592 records related to Sickle cell anemia were collected .These 36,592 papers were trimmed down to 7,438,where all the selected papers are open-access papers and are published between 2020 and 2024.This is done for the reason that this research would resonate with current research trends.Furthermore,using filters such as type of article, current stage of publication, the origin of papers’ contributions, relevant keywords, and publishing language,144 papers were selected and used for the bibliometric Analysis.Though these 144 is a small collection of papers, it balances the depth and manageability in our bibliomet-ric analysis while still resonating with current research trends.VOSviewer-Visualizing scientific landscapes, is used for the visualization and the bibliometric to get the critical research trends, thematic clusters, and linkages within the field.Using VOSviewer has let us to discover concealed associations, pinpoint the research banks and also to highlight the prominent researchers and institutes, who are promoting collaborations.With VOSviewer’s super powers on the above entities , coupling it with advanced methodologies like AI/ML has made us reshape the research of Sickle Cell Anemia.Utilizing machine learning for disease severity prediction and setting up treatment pipeline.
Wheel-rail contact area image segmentation method based on Deeplabv3+
Authors: Zheng Yunshui , Cai Mengyao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The contact curve can be extracted from the wheel-rail contact image to better study the wheel-rail contact relationship. To solve this problem, an improved Deeplabv3 + semantic segmentation model is proposed. Firstly, the feature extraction network in the original Deeplabv3 + model was optimized to lightweight MobileNetv2 to reduce the number of model parameters. Secondly, the original parallel atrous spatial pyramid pooling was optimized into a closely connected structure to improve the network extraction capability. Finally, the dual attention mechanism was added after the backbone network was extracted to improve the accuracy of the model. Experiments on wheel-rail contact image dataset showed that the improved model has good real-time performance, and the mean pixel accuracy is 88.72%, the mean intersection over union is 85.84%, and the F1-score is 91.48%, which are 2.29%, 2.63% and 2.15% higher than the original model, respectively. The method can be used as an effective method for wheel-rail contact image segmentation.
Deformation behavior in the tube hydro-pressing of rectangular cross-section components
Authors: Luan Yilin , Zhuang Yongpeng , Wang Gang , Han Cong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Tube hydro-pressing is a new ultra-low pressure forming method proposed in recent years to address the problem of ultra-high forming pressure required by conventional hydroforming processes in forming high-strength materials or extreme size components. It changes the conventional hydroforming method of die closing before bulging to pressing after filling with liquid, which significantly reduces the forming pressure and makes it possible to form high-strength materials or extremely small round radii and large-sized components. Wrinkling is the main defect in the tube hydro-pressing process, therefore, the key to forming is to control wrinkling. Based on this, a critical wrinkling theoretical model is established for tube hydro-pressing based on plastic strain theory and energy conservation theorem. Experimental and numerical simulation studies were conducted on tube hydro-pressing, and the effects of the internal pressure and the compression ratio on thickness distribution and fillet filling were discussed. The accuracy of the theoretical model was verified by the experimental results, and the process window for tube hydro-pressing of a rectangular cross-section component was obtained. The results indicate that the critical internal pressure for tube hydro-pressing depends on the strength coefficient, hardening index, and compression ratio. The thickness of the sidewall is related to the internal pressure and compression ratio, and the greater the internal pressure, the poorer the uniformity of the sidewall thickness. The greater the compression ratio, the thicker the sidewall. The maximum thickening of the hydro-pressed part reached 13.4% when the compression ratio is 4%. In addition, the larger the compression ratio, the smaller the fillet radius. A rectangular tube with a corner radius of only 3.0mm was manufactured when the compression ratio is 4%. It can be concluded that the critical wrinkling pressure theoretical model is effective in predicting wrinkling, which provides theoretical guidance for the tube hydro-pressing method, accurately predicts wrinkling defects, and ensures the realization of large compression ratios.
Discovering Therapeutic Candidates for Lung Cancer via PDK3 Inhibition – A drug repurposing approach
Authors: Khan Zeba Firdos , Rathi Aanchal , Khan Afreen , Anjum Farah , Chaudhury Arunabh , Taiyab Aaliya , Shamsi Anas , Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) can control the catalytic activity of pyruvate decarboxylation oxidation through the mitochondrial PD complex. Additionally, glycolysis is connected to the production of ATP and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. One up-and-coming method for curing metabolic illnesses like heart failure, cancer, and diabetes is by controlling the expression or activity of PDKs. To find possible bioactive inhibitors of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 3 (PDK3), we used a structural-based virtual large-scale analysis of bioactive chemical compounds from the FDA-approved database. Using FDA-approved compounds for the analysis leverages existing safety and efficacy data, significantly accelerating the drug repurposing process. This screening process found two naturally occurring substances with strong affinity and specificity for the PDK3 binding site: bagrosin and dehydrocholic acid. Structural-based investigations provided a precise identification of compounds that fit the active site of PDK3, with desirable binding characteristics, optimizing drug-target interactions. Both substances interact with residues on ATP-binding sites of PDK3 preferentially. Additionally, all-atom molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were used to assess the consistency and dynamics of PDK3 interaction with bagrosin and dehydrocholic acid, and the results indicated that both complexes were stable. The findings might be used to develop innovative PDK3 inhibitors that could be used to treat severe illnesses like cancer. Compounds identified from the FDA-approved database are more likely to have known pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics profiles, facilitating their transition into clinical trials.
Accurate Assembly of Full-length Consensus for Viral Quasispecies
Authors: Gao Ziyu , Tian Jia , Li Minghao , Bao Ergude , Zhao Jin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Viruses can inhabit their hosts in the form of an ensemble of various mutant strains. Reconstructing a robust consensus representation for these diverse mutant strains is essential for recognizing the genetic variations among strains and delving into aspects like virulence, pathogenesis, and selecting therapies. Virus genomes are typically small, often composed of only a few thousand to several hundred thousand nucleotides. While constructing a high-quality consensus of virus strains might seem feasible, most current assemblers can only generate fragmented contigs. It's important to emphasize the significance of assembling a single full-length consensus contig, as it's vital for identifying genetic diversity and estimating strain abundance accurately.In this paper, we developed FC-Virus, a de novo genome assembly strategy specifically targeting highly diverse viral populations. FC-Virus initially identifies the homologous k-mers present in the majority of viral strains, and then uses these k-mers as a backbone to build a full-length consensus sequence covering the entir genome. We benchmark FC-Virus against state-of-the-art genome assemblers. Experimental results confirm FC-Virus‘s ability to construct a single accurate full-length consensus, while other assemblers only manage to generate fragmented contigs. FC-Virus is freely available at https://github.com/TheyuGao/FC-Virus.
Innovative Leaf Disease Mapping: Unsupervised Anomaly Detection for Precise Area Estimation
Authors: Johannsen Lucas Chrisph , Khan Ameer Tamoor , Jensen Signe Marie , Kruppa-Scheetz Jochen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Detecting and quantifying the diseased regions in a leaf is an important task in plant breeding in order to select plants based on disease resistance. Ratings done by eye and hand are not accurate, can be highly subjective and take a lot of work hours. Using machine learning, it is possible to generate faster more accurate data. By combining modern anomaly detection algorithms with masking algorithms a robust method capable of estimating the infected leaf area was developed, resulting in a novel method with superior results. Using unsupervised models both for the masking and for the detection, the method can easily be used for different kinds of detection tasks.
Pomegranate peel flour as a co-encapsulant improves the survival of lactic acid bacteria in simulated gastrointestinal conditions and thermal treatment
Authors: Totosaus Alfonso , Garrido-Cruz Jorge Luís , Pérez-Álvarez José Ángel , Pérez-Chabela M. Lourdes 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Pomegranate peel flour was employed as a co-encapsulant of two lactic acid bacteria, by alginate emulsion templated microencapsulation, to enhance their resistance to thermal treatment, acidic pHs and gastric conditions. Samples with pomegranate peel flour increased the tolerance to heat treatment, results consistent with thermal properties related to higher denaturation enthalpy of microcapsules. Co-encapsulated microcapsules also enhanced the survival to low pHs and enhanced almost 60% up the tolerance to bile salts. There was as well an increase in survival rate against in vitro gastric acid conditions due to use of the co-encapsulant. In the scanning electron microscopy, the incorporation of pomegranate peel flour resulted in a rough and porous structure, probably due to certain interference with the formation of spherical microcapsules, although presented similar mean diameter, plus higher cells viability as confirmed by confocal laser microscopy. The obtained results indicate that co-encapsulation with a prebiotic ingredient represents a reinforcement of the physical microcapsule integrity to tolerate food process temperatures, besides retarding the adverse effect of acidic, bile salts, and simulated gastrointestinal conditions. The micro alginate co-encapsulation by ionic gelation with a prebiotic as pomegranate peel flour is a suitable alternative to develop thermal processed functional foods.
Assessment of wildlife abundance indicators, human activities and their dependence on development projects in the Campo-Ma'an National Park, Southern Cameroon
Authors: ENGOLO Gareth Martinien ZO'OBO , ABESSOLO Charles Innocent MEMVI , YAOUBA BASSIROU , MBOG Séverin MBOG , NGOKO Patrice POLMBAYE , BITONDO Dieudonné 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The accumulation of projects in the vicinity of protected areas can influence the density and abundance of the wildlife species they contain, thereby contributing to the failure to achieve management objectives. The aim of this study is to analyse changes in indicators of wildlife abundance and human activity within the Campo-Ma'an National Park and to assess their dependence on the development projects implemented, in order to take into account the pressures the park is experiencing as a result of their accumulation.To do this, an analysis of the content of 08 documents shows that variations in the number of individuals and kilometre index of abundance of critical species are decreasing, from 335, 1304, 16898 and 0. 1 in 2008 to 114, 718 and 0.012 in 2020 for elephants, great apes and mandrills respectively. Dependency analysis using SPSS shows that elephants, great apes and mandrills have dependencies of -0.722, -0.276 and − 0.596 respectively with the different projects implemented. Analysis of the changes in the human activity indicators shows that they are increasing and that there is a strong dependence on the number of projects, of the order of 0.913. It is therefore necessary to improve the implementation of projects in order for the Park to fulfil its role as a protected area.
Perceptions of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Vaccination Among Racially/Ethnically Diverse Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men With and Without HIV in the US South
Authors: Waldman Jake S. , Alonzo Jorge , Mann-Jackson Lilli , Aguilar-Palma Sandy K. , Garcia Manuel , Smart Benjamin D. , Rhodes Scott D. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The impact of COVID-19 on specific populations, including gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM), varies based on a range of factors such as underlying health conditions, access to health care, and other social determinants of health. Our community-based participatory research partnership sought to better understand perceptions about the COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 vaccination, and related health care among GBMSM.
Methods
We collected, analyzed, and interpreted qualitative in-depth interview data from a diverse sample of GBMSM (N = 30). Using purposive sampling, we recruited native English (n = 15) and Spanish (n = 15) speakers and persons with HIV (n = 13) and persons without HIV (n = 17). We analyzed interview data using constant comparison, an approach to grounded theory.
Results
Mean age of participants was 33.4 (SD = 8.5). Seventeen themes emerged that were categorized into five domains: trust/mistrust of healthcare professionals, politicians, and the US government (n = 5 themes); engagement in COVID-19 prevention strategies (n = 2 themes); attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination (n = 3 themes); access to and use of health care (n = 4 themes); and impact of COVID-19 on social determinants of health (n = 3 themes).
Conclusions
This research increases our understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic among particularly minoritized and underserved communities: racially/ethnically diverse, English- and Spanish-speaking GBMSM with and without HIV. By addressing the unique needs and concerns of these communities and populations, we can foster more equitable health responses, enhancing both preventive healthcare delivery and preparedness for potential future outbreaks (e.g., monkeypox), epidemics, and pandemics.
Assessing Radioisotope Levels in the Therapeutic Waters and Thermal Springs of Bitlis, Turkey
Authors: Bal Sultan Şahin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

People have used healing waters and hot springs by drinking or taking a shower for healing and treatment purposes. These waters are generally used without following a procedure (use period, amount, etc.). Using more than a certain amount has benefits but also disadvantages. For this reason, it is very important to examine healing waters and spa waters in terms of many factors. Bitlis province is a province with many hot springs, drinking and mineral water resources due to its geological formation and geographical structure. In this study, some healing water and spa water samples found in Bitlis and its districts and generally known by the local people were examined radiologically using the HPGe gamma spectroscopy system. Some dose parameters were calculated. Annual effective dose equivalent was calculated based on age and type of use (inhalation and ingestion). In addition to dose calculations, some radiological indexes were calculated. ELCR values were also calculated depending on the type of consumption (inhalation and ingestion) of water samples. These results were compared with the critical values determined by some institutions (WHO, UNSCEAR, IAEA) and the results of similar studies.
RETRACTED: Through the Lens of Marketing Authorisation Holders: Experience in Use of Real- World Data and Real-World Evidence in Drug Development and Regulatory Submissions in EU
Authors: Eskola Sini M. , Gigov Aleksandar , Leufkens Hubertus G.M. , Bate Andrew , Bruin Marie Louise , Gardarsdottir Helga 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
High-sensitivity nanoscale quantum sensors based on a diamond micro-resonator
Authors: Katsumi Ryota , Takada Kosuke , Kawai Kenta , Sato Daichi , Yatsui Takashi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Nitrogen-vacancy centers have demonstrated significant potential as quantum magnetometers for nanoscale phenomena and sensitive field detection, attributed to their exceptional spin coherence at room temperature. However, it is challenging to achieve solid-state magnetometers that can simultaneously possess high spatial resolution and high field sensitivity. Here we demonstrate nanoscale quantum sensing with high field sensitivity by using on-chip diamond micro-ring resonators. The ring resonator enables the efficient use of photons by confining them in a nanoscale region, enabling the magnetic sensitivity of 1.0 μT/√Hz on a photonic chip with a measurement contrast of theoretical limit. We also show that the proposed on-chip approach can improve the sensitivity via efficient light extraction with photonic waveguide coupling. Our work provides a pathway toward the development of chip-scale packaged sensing devices that can detect various nanoscale physical quantities for fundamental science, chemistry, and medical applications.
The effect of flipped classroom on students’ basic psychological needs: autonomy, relatedness and competence and its association with self-esteem
Authors: Avakyan Esma I. , Taylor David C. M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Modification of the learning environment enhance academic performance, and meta-motivational skills. Yet it is largely unknown which underlying cause potentiates these effects. The study's goal is to analyze flipped classroom (FC) effect on basic psychological needs and self-esteem.
Methods: 40 undergraduate medical students participated in a one-site two phased study. In Phase I, students attended a traditional lecture-based classroom (TC). In Phase II, the same group attended FC. Upon completion of each Phase students completed two questionnaires: Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale, and Rosenberg self-esteem scale.
Results: Autonomy satisfaction was significantly higher in FC (n= 40, z= 5.520, p<.001), the same tendency was seen for Competence satisfaction in FC (n= 40, z= 5.122, p<.001). As for the frustration of all three needs, the statistical difference was observed for all three subscales between TC and FC. In FC, autonomy (n= 40, z= - 5.370, p<.001), relatedness (n= 40, z= 4.187, p<.001), and competence (n= 40, z= - 5.323, p<.001) frustration was significantly lower. Self-esteem was significantly higher in FC (n= 40, z= 5.528, p<.001). In TC self-esteem negatively correlated with autonomy frustration, (r(38) = -.430, p < .01), and competence frustration, (r(38) = -.379, p< .05). In FC, self-esteem positively correlated with autonomy satisfaction (r(38) = .316, p < .05), and competence satisfaction (r(38) = .429, p < .01).
Conclusions: FC better fulfills students’ basic psychological needs, specifically needs for autonomy and competence, and self-esteem compared to TC. Collaborative work, and academic scaffolding, contributes to behavioral engagement of students in the learning process. FC with the main focus on students active involvement may better meet millennials’ needs. Implementing validated questionnaires to measure students’ psychological needs should become a regular practice in medical schools, specifically during the process of curriculum redesign.
Design and Performance Evaluation of an Advanced HVAC System for Health and Comfort in AARC
Authors: Tang XiLu , Xu Wei , Peng Meizhen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study presents the design and comprehensive evaluation of an advanced hybrid fresh air HVAC system for Active Adult Retirement Communities (AARCs). The research addresses the multifaceted environmental needs of elderly residents, focusing on thermal comfort, humidity control, air quality, and energy efficiency. The system incorporates improved humidity control mechanisms, advanced total heat recovery technology, UV sterilization, and adaptive operational strategies to meet the specific requirements of AARCs. Performance evaluation demonstrates the system's ability to maintain optimal indoor conditions year-round, with relative humidity levels between 55% and 60% in winter, effective microbial control, and significant energy savings through heat recovery. User satisfaction surveys and energy consumption analyses confirm the system's efficacy in enhancing resident comfort and well-being while achieving sustainability goals. This integrated approach provides a model for creating healthier, more comfortable living environments in AARCs, balancing the unique needs of elderly residents with operational efficiency.