bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Equivalent Circuit Model of Magnetoelectric Composite Nanoparticles
Authors: Ramezani Zeinab , Khizroev Sakhrat 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study presents an analysis of magnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENPs) through the development of equivalent circuits to predict the frequency-dependent magnetoelectric coefficient, with a focus on the widely utilized CoFe2O4@BaTiO3 core–shell configuration. This approach involves –derivation of phenomenological expressions that capture the dynamic behavior of MENPs under varying magnetic and electric fields. By integrating piezoelectric and magnetostrictive constitutive equations, along with consideration of dynamic effects and bio-load conjugation, a magneto-elasto-electric effect equivalent circuit has been constructed. This circuit model not only facilitates the investigation of longitudinal data in cube-shaped MENPs but also offers insights into fundamental biological processes. The versatility of this model is shown through translation to other core–shell nanoparticles, composite structures, and multiferroic nanostructures. This analysis provides quantitative predictions of the magnetoelectric coefficients, enhancing general understanding of MENP characteristics across a broad frequency range. Furthermore, the study highlights the framework for future refinement to incorporate intrinsic composition-specific resonances, such as ferromagnetic and ferroelectric resonances, to further significantly improve the nanoparticles’ performance. Overall, this work lays the groundwork for future technology to intelligently and wirelessly control biological processes using MENPs, thus paving a way for innovative biomedical applications. This quantitative approach may facilitate further interdisciplinary research and contribute to advancement of magnetoelectric materials and their applications.
Plasma/Ozone Induced PolyNaSS Graft-Polymerization onto PEEK Biomaterial for Bio-integrated Orthopedic Implants
Authors: Karthik Chandrima , Pillai Renjith Rajan , Moreno Gerardo Hernandez , Sikder Prabaha , Ambalavanan Namasivayam , Thomas Vinoy 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOwing to its superior bulk mechanical properties, poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK) has gained popularity over the past 15 years as a metal substitute in biomedical implants. Low surface energy is a fundamental issue with PEEK implants. This low surface energy caused by a moderately hydrophobic surface may be able to inhibit cellular adherence and result in the development of an inflammatory response, which may result in cell necrosis and apoptosis. In this work, plasma and ozone treatments have been utilized to surface activate PEEK and graft ionic bioactive polymer polyNaSS (poly (sodium styrene sulfonate)) successfully on the surface to promote cellular attachment and biomineralization. The main goal of our research has been to find a stable green process for surface modification of PEEK by plasma/ozone approaches to increase PolyNaSS grafting efficiency and biomineralization. To further the field of bioactive orthopedic and dental implant technology, this research attempts to address a significant constraint of PEEK implants while preserving their favorable mechanical properties.
PCSK9 and Coronary Artery Plaque—New Opportunity or Red Herring?
Authors: Barbieri Lucia , Tumminello Gabriele , Fichtner Isabella , Corsini Alberto , Santos Raul D. , Carugo Stefano , Ruscica Massimiliano 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Although the clinical benefit of reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is well-established, the impact on plaque composition and stability is less clear. Our narrative review aimed to assess the clinical effects of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors on coronary plaque characteristics specifically focusing from atheroma progression to regression and stabilization.

Recent Findings
The combination of statin therapy and PCSK9 inhibitors (evolocumab and alirocumab) promotes plaque stability in patients following an acute coronary syndrome. The GLAGOV study highlighted the relationship between achieved LDLc levels and changes in percentage atheroma volume. Similarly, the PACMAN-AMI study concluded that the qualitative and quantitative changes in coronary plaque were associated with the levels of LDLc.

Summary
Assessing the severity of coronary artery stenosis and the extent of atherosclerotic burden by means of imaging techniques (e.g., IVUS, OCT and near-infrared spectroscopic) have significantly advanced our understanding of the benefits from promoting plaque regression and achieving to features of plaque stabilization through increasingly intensive lipid-lowering strategies.
No-touch technique for saphenous vein graft harvesting in coronary artery bypass surgery safely improves graft patency: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Soetisna Tri Wisesa , Thamrin Ahmad Muslim Hidayat , Ilham Mahardika Budjana Sutan , Darmawan Marko , Irfan Faris Maulana , Supit Vicky , Sugisman  , Hanafy Dudy Arman , Tjubandi Amin , Wartono Dicky Aligheri , Graha Wirya Ayu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective
The no-touch (NT) technique for saphenous vein graft (SVG) harvesting has been gaining popularity as several trials have shown its superiority in maintaining graft patency. However, this technique’s clinical outcome and safety are still disputed and the results vary widely. The aim of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to assess the effectiveness and safety of this method.

Methods
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were conducted for this systematic review and meta-analysis. A comprehensive search of the literature was carried out with Embase, Scopus, and PubMed databases. The articles underwent extensive evaluation and analysis.

Results
Six RCTs comparing the NT and conventional (CON) techniques were included. Primary outcomes were measured using graft occlusion. Graft failure rates and clinical outcomes including major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), all-cause death, myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, and leg wound complications were evaluated as secondary outcomes. The NT technique significantly decreased graft occlusion (risk ratio (RR) = 0.58; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.46 to 0.72; p < 0.001) and failure (RR = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.54 to 0.77; p < 0.001). Safety analysis also showed no significant risk difference for clinical outcomes, and although significantly higher, leg complications in the NT technique are minor and avoidable.

Conclusion
The NT technique increases long-term graft patency with no significant risk difference for clinical outcomes compared to the CON technique. However, the leg wound complications are significantly higher in the NT technique compared to the CON technique.

Graphical Abstract
A prognostic model constructed by ferroptosis-associated genes (FAGs) in papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) and its association with tumor mutation burden (TMB) and immune infiltration
Authors: Chen Yong-Bo , Yang Xin , Lv Dong , Tang Liang-You , Liu Ying-Wen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to identify the prognostic-related differentially expressed ferroptosis-associated genes (DEFAGs) in papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC).

Methods
Data encompassing simple nucleotide variation, transcriptome profiles, and relevant clinical information of PRCC patients were sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The expression matrix of ferroptosis-associated genes (FAGs) was analyzed using the "limma" package in R to identify differentially expressed DEFAGs. Lasso regression analysis, along with univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regressions, was employed to identify independent prognostic-related DEFAGs and formulate a nomogram. Additionally, we examined potential independent survival-related clinical risk factors and compared immune cell infiltration and tumor mutation burden (TMB) differences between high- and low-risk patient groups.

Results
A cohort of 321 patients were analyzed, revealing twelve FAGs significantly influencing the overall survival (OS) of PRCC patients. Among them, two mRNAs (GCLC, HSBP1) emerged as independent prognostic-related DEFAGs. Smoking status, tumor stage, and risk score were identified as independent clinical risk factors for PRCC. Furthermore, notable disparities in immune cell infiltration and function were observed between high- and low-risk groups. GCLC and HSBP1 were associated with various immune cells and functions, TMB, and immune evasion.

Conclusion
This finding revealed two independent prognostic-related DEFAGs in PRCC and established a robust prognostic model, offering potential therapeutic targets and promising insights for the management of this disease.
Quality of care assessment for non-small cell lung cancer patients: transforming routine care data into a continuous improvement system
Authors: Sánchez Juan C. , Nuñez-García Beatriz , Garitaonaindia Yago , Calvo Virginia , Blanco Mariola , Ramos Martín-Vegue Arturo , Royuela Ana , Manso Marta , Cantos Blanca , Méndez Miriam , Collazo-Lorduy Ana , Provencio Mariano 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The complexity of cancer care requires planning and analysis to achieve the highest level of quality. We aim to measure the quality of care provided to patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using the data contained in the hospital’s information systems, in order to establish a system of continuous quality improvement.

Methods/Patients
Retrospective observational cohort study conducted in a university hospital in Spain, consecutively including all patients with NSCLC treated between 2016 and 2020. A total of 34 quality indicators were selected based on a literature review and clinical practice guideline recommendations, covering care processes, timeliness, and outcomes. Applying data science methods, an analysis algorithm, based on clinical guideline recommendations, was set up to integrate activity and administrative data extracted from the Electronic Patient Record along with clinical data from a lung cancer registry.

Results
Through data generated in routine practice, it has been feasible to reconstruct the therapeutic trajectory and automatically calculate quality indicators using an algorithm based on clinical practice guidelines. Process indicators revealed high adherence to guideline recommendations, and outcome indicators showed favorable survival rates compared to previous data.

Conclusions
Our study proposes a methodology to take advantage of the data contained in hospital information sources, allowing feedback and repeated measurement over time, developing a tool to understand quality metrics in accordance with evidence-based recommendations, ultimately seeking a system of continuous improvement of the quality of health care.
Empowering or backfiring? The paradoxical effects of digital media skills on depression through (mis)information sharing on social media
Authors: Sun Mengru , Jia Wufan , Huang Guanxiong , Yu Wenting , Payton Brett 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study proposed and tested a novel theoretical framework of media empowerment regarding the relationship between digital media skills and mental health as well as the complex mechanism linking the two. This study utilized an online survey of a representative sample of Shanghai residents (N = 916) to examine the interconnections among digital media skills, (mis)information sharing, and mental health. The findings revealed that the empowerment mechanisms of digital media skills on depression were contradictory at the individual and community levels. For the two dimensions of digital media skills, information skills directly reduced levels of depression but indirectly aggravated depression by promoting misinformation sharing; in contrast, social skills alleviated depression by mitigating misinformation sharing. Furthermore, risk perception positively moderated the relationship between misinformation sharing and depression. This study contributes to the media empowerment literature by empirically demonstrating a linkage between developed digital media skills and media empowerment in the aspect of mental health in the digital age. This study also innovatively highlights specific psychosocial elements of the empowerment processes from a communication perspective.
Remote sensing insights into subsurface-surface relationships: Land Cover Analysis and Copper Deposits Exploration
Authors: Tshanga M Matthieu , Ncube Lindani , van Niekerk Elna 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis review article examines the critical role of remote sensing techniques in analysing land cover and its implications for copper deposit exploration. The study aims to provide a comprehensive review of current research and technical advancements in using remote sensing to characterise land cover in copper-rich areas. It draws attention to the complex relationships that exist between subsurface copper mineralisation, surface vegetation, and soil types by combining case studies and modern literature. Integrating satellite imagery, geospatial data, and advanced analytical methods, this review demonstrates how remote sensing can effectively identify and map areas with high potential for copper deposits. Furthermore, it discusses the challenges and opportunities associated with remote sensing applications in geological studies and offers insights into future research directions to enhance mineral exploration and environmental management practices.
Luteinizing Hormone Receptor Mutation (LHRN316S) Causes Abnormal Follicular Development Revealed by Follicle Single-Cell Analysis and CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Zhang Chen , Nie Yongqiang , Xu Bufang , Mu Chunlan , Tian Geng G. , Li Xiaoyong , Cheng Weiwei , Zhang Aijun , Li Dali , Wu Ji 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAbnormal interaction between granulosa cells and oocytes causes disordered development of ovarian follicles. However, the interactions between oocytes and cumulus granulosa cells (CGs), oocytes and mural granulosa cells (MGs), and CGs and MGs remain to be fully explored. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), we determined the transcriptional profiles of oocytes, CGs and MGs in antral follicles. Analysis of scRNA-seq data revealed that CGs may regulate follicular development through the BMP15-KITL-KIT-PI3K-ARF6 pathway with elevated expression of luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR). Because internalization of the LHR is regulated by Arf6, we constructed LHRN316S mice by CRISPR/Cas9 to further explore mechanisms of follicular development and novel treatment strategies for female infertility. Ovaries of LHRN316S mice exhibited reduced numbers of corpora lutea and ovulation. The LHRN316S mice had a reduced rate of oocyte maturation in vitro and decreased serum progesterone levels. Mating LHRN316S female mice with ICR wild type male mice revealed that the infertility rate of LHRN316S mice was 21.4% (3/14). Litter sizes from LHRN316S mice were smaller than those from control wild type female mice. The oocytes from LHRN316S mice had an increased rate of maturation in vitro after progesterone administration in vitro. Furthermore, progesterone treated LHRN316S mice produced offspring numbers per litter equivalent to WT mice. These findings provide key insights into cellular interactions in ovarian follicles and provide important clues for infertility treatment.
Graphical Abstract
Parameter identification by deep learning of a material model for granular media
Authors: Tanyu Derick Nganyu , Michel Isabel , Rademacher Andreas , Kuhnert Jörg , Maass Peter 
Published: August 2024

AbstractClassical physical modeling with associated numerical simulation (model-based), and prognostic methods based on the analysis of large amounts of data (data-driven) are the two most common methods used for the mapping of complex physical processes. In recent years, the efficient combination of these approaches has become increasingly important. Continuum mechanics in the core consists of conservation equations that-in addition to the always-necessary specification of the process conditions-can be supplemented by phenomenological material models. The latter are an idealized image of the specific material behavior that can be determined experimentally, empirically, and based on a wealth of expert knowledge. The more complex the material, the more difficult the calibration is. This situation forms the starting point for this work’s hybrid data-driven and model-based approach for mapping a complex physical process in continuum mechanics. Specifically, we use data generated from a classical physical model by the MESHFREE software (MESHFREE Team in Fraunhofer ITWM & SCAI: MESHFREE. https://www.meshfree.eu, 2023) to train a Principal Component Analysis-based neural network (PCA-NN) for the task of parameter identification of the material model parameters. The obtained results highlight the potential of deep-learning-based hybrid models for determining parameters, which are the key to characterizing materials occurring naturally such as sand, soil, mud, or snow. The motivation for our research is the simulation of the interaction of vehicles with sand. However, the applicability of the presented methodology is not limited to this industrial use case. In geosciences, when predicting the runout zones of landslides or avalanches and evaluating corresponding protective measures, the parameterization of the respective material model is essential.
Quantizing Galilean spacetime: a reconstruction of Maxwell’s equations in empty space
Authors: Klein Ulf 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs was recently shown, non-relativistic quantum theory can be derived by means of a projection method from a continuum of classical solutions for (massive) particles. In this paper, we show that Maxwell’s equations in empty space can be derived using the same method. In this case, the starting point is a continuum of solutions of equations of motion for massless particles describing the structure of Galilean space-time. As a result of the projection, the space-time structure itself is changed by the appearance of a new fundamental constant c with the dimension of a velocity. This maximum velocity c, derived here for massless particles, is analogous to the accuracy limit $$\hbar $$
ħ
derived earlier for massive particles. The projection method can thus be interpreted as a generalized quantization. We suspect that all fundamental fields can be traced back to continuous sets of particle trajectories, and that in this sense, the particle concept is more fundamental than the field concept.
A critical review of hydrochar based photocatalysts by hydrothermal carbonization: synthesis, mechanisms, and applications
Authors: Chen Zeliang , Guo Yanchuan , Luo Lei , Liu Zhengang , Miao Wei , Xia Yu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHydrothermal carbonization (HTC) stands out as an eco-friendly, cost-effective method for generating renewable carbon-based materials from biomass. The HTC process yields products such as hydrochars and carbon dots (CDs), possessed of notable photocatalytic capabilities due to their unique physicochemical features. Additionally, pairing traditional photocatalysts with hydrochar derivatives elevates their performance, rendering them more effective. Recent times have witnessed a surge in interest in these hydrochar based photocatalysts (HC-photocatalysts). Their appeal stems from multiple attributes: impeccable performance, adaptability to visible light, and adjustable physicochemical properties. This review delves deep into the evolving landscape of these HC-photocatalysts, segmenting them into three distinct categories: hydrochars, hydrochar-based CDs (HC-CDs), and hydrochar-based composites (HC-composites). For each category, we dissect their synthesis routes, unravel the photocatalytic mechanisms, and explore various enhancement strategies. We further traverse their versatile applications, spanning environmental treatment, disinfection, energy conversion, and organic synthesis. In the end, we spotlight the prevailing challenges and uncharted territories in the domain of HC-photocatalysts. In essence, this review serves as a guide, furnishing a theoretical foundation and steering directions for future explorations and tangible implementations of HC-photocatalysts.
Graphical Abstract
Lobar collapse: what radiologists need to know
Authors: Mancò Giovanni , Caruso Valentina , Lezzi Giulio , Mastandrea Marco , Servietti Martina , Scutti Michela , Patea Rosa Lucia , Mereu Manuela , Caulo Massimo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRadiologists have to diagnose lobar collapse routinely, so they should be familiar with the direct and indirect signs of lobar atelectasis and with uncommon findings, for being able to make early diagnosis. Atelectasis can be caused by several mechanisms: by obstruction (due to neoplastic or non-neoplastic causes), by loss of negative pressure in the pleural space and/or by compression of lung parenchyma (e.g., pneumothorax, hydrothorax, and pleural effusion) or by an increase in alveolar surface tension (e.g., acute respiratory distress syndrome and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome). Collapses, moreover, can be observed in several ways. Lobar atelectasis occurs when entire pulmonary lobe is collapsed. Linear atelectasis (previously “plate like” or “band like”) is a local collapse with linear, plate-like or band-like shape which usually parallels the hemidiaphragms. Rounded atelectasis is a consequence of chronic or recurrent pleural effusion, which could be related to asbestos disease, chronic cardiac or renal failure, and thoracic malignancies. It occurs as a rounded mass abutting the pleura with adjacent pleural thickening. Collapsed lobes can assume quite limited forms and radiologists require familiarity with radiographic findings for helping clinical physician in the diagnostic process.
Mixing, Water Transformation, and Melting Close to a Tidewater Glacier
Authors: Inall Mark E. , Sundfjord Arild , Cottier Finlo , Korte Marie‐Louise , Slater Donald A. , Venables Emily J. , Coogan James 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMarine‐terminating glacier fjords play a central role in the transport of oceanic heat toward ice sheets, regulating their melt. Mixing processes near glacial termini are key to this circulation but remain poorly understood. We present new summer measurements of circulation and mixing near a marine‐terminating glacier with active sub‐glacial discharge. 65% of the fjord's vertical overturning circulation is driven by the buoyant plume, however we newly report intense vertical and horizontal mixing in the plume's horizontal spreading phase, accounting for the remaining 35%. Buoyant plume theory supports 2%–5% of total glacial melt. Thus, most of the heat associated with vertical overturing short‐circuits the glacial front. We find however that turbulence in the horizontal spreading phase redistributes the short‐circuited heat back into the surface waters of the near‐glacial zone. Our findings highlight the need for further research on the complex mixing processes that occur near the glacier terminus.