bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Results of the WIRK prospective, non‐interventional observational study of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) in patients with congenital haemophilia with inhibitors and other bleeding disorders
Authors: Birschmann I. , Klamroth R. , Eichler H. , Schenk J. , Kirchmaier C. M. , Halimeh S. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryRecombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) has been available for the treatment of acute bleeding and for prevention of bleeding during surgery and invasive procedures in patients with congenital haemophilia with inhibitors (CHwI) and acquired haemophilia since 1996. The study objective was to assess the efficacy and safety of rFVIIa in patients with CHwI, acquired haemophilia, congenital FVII deficiency and Glanzmann's thrombasthenia, in a real‐life clinical setting. There were no specific inclusion or exclusion criteria; participation was offered to all German haemophilia centres known to use rFVIIa to treat patients with the above indications. Data on rFVIIa use and efficacy for the treatment of acute bleeding episodes and invasive procedures were recorded. Adverse drug reactions and recurrent bleeding episodes were also monitored. In total, 64 patients (50.0% women) received rFVIIa treatment. Patients experienced 281 evaluable bleeding episodes and underwent 44 invasive procedures. In 252 of 281 (89.7%) bleeding episodes, a stop (66.5%) or a significant reduction (23.1%) in bleeding was observed. No bleeding complications were reported for 42 of 44 (95.5%) invasive procedures covered with rFVIIa. A clear positive association was observed between early initiation of rFVIIa treatment for acute bleeding and efficacy. The total cumulative dose and number of injections were 468.3 ± 545.8 μg kg−1 and 3.6 ± 4.6 respectively. No drug‐related adverse events were reported. rFVIIa use in Germany provided effective haemostatic cover without associated adverse events in the management of acute bleeds and invasive procedures across a range of bleeding disorders.
Potential of human γD‐crystallin for hair damage repair: insights into the mechanical properties and biocompatibility
Authors: Ribeiro A. , Matamá T. , Cruz C. F. , Gomes A. C. , Cavaco‐Paulo A. M. 
Published: May 2013

SynopsisObjectivesThe objective of this work was to develop a new strategy to physically ‘repair’ chemically damaged hair. Hence the human eye γD‐crystallin, a protein from the superfamily characterized structurally by the Greek key motif, was studied. The human γD‐crystallin was chosen based on the ability of proteins belonging to this superfamily to be involved in the coating of specific structures. Two crystallins were used on the study, the wild type (Protein Data Bank ID: 1HK0) and the mutant protein. The mutant form was intended to induce a strong and quick protein polymerization as well to have new possible points of anchorage to hair.MethodsThe ability of both crystallins to bind to damaged hair and even penetrate into its cortex was checked by fluorescence microscopy, confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore the reinforcement of hair mechanical resistance, the potential cytotoxic/inflammatory effect of crystallins were studied in order to have a fully comprehension about the protein based formulation.ResultsAlthough the chemical over‐bleaching treatment induced a decrease of 20% on the resistance of the hair, the crystallins which bind and penetrate the hair fibre were able to recover and even to improve its mechanical properties when compared to the virgin hair. Moreover none of the crystallins displayed a toxic effect in fibroblasts for all the range of tested concentrations upon 72 h of exposure. The active aggregation process of mutant crystallin induced an inflammatory response in fibroblasts in the first 24 h of contact, measured by the amount of released pro‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐6 to the medium. In contrast contact with wild type crystallin did not lead to significant inflammation.ConclusionOutcome from protein formulation characterization supports the hypothesis that the γD‐crystallin it is able to recover and improve the mechanical properties of chemical damaged hair. Therefore it can be considered as a very promising strengthening agent for the development of new restorative hair care products.
Effect of Screw Insertion Torque on Mechanical Properties of Four Locking Systems
Authors: Boudreau Bianca , Benamou Jérôme , von Pfeil Dirsko J. F. , Guillou Reunan P. , Beckett Clifford , Déjardin Loïc M. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of screw insertion torque on the mechanical properties of four 3.5 mm locking systems: New Generation Devices (NGD), Securos (PAX), Synthes (SYN), and Veterinary Orthopedic Implants (VOI).Study DesignIn vitro mechanical study.MethodsScrews were inserted at 1.5 Nm, 2.5 Nm, and 3.5 Nm torques, using dedicated drill guides and a calibrated torque screwdriver. Locking mechanisms were tested under shear loading conditions using a custom‐design probe. Tests were conducted under displacement control until failure. Load to failure and interface stiffness were compared between and within groups using a two‐factor ANOVA (P < .05). Failure modes were described.ResultsThe SYN group had significantly greater mechanical properties compared to all other groups at any given insertion torque. Insertion torque had a significant effect on the PAX group, increasing the load to failure by 126% when increasing the insertion torque from 1.5 Nm to 3.5 Nm. Insertion torque had no significant effect on the mechanical properties of the VOI group and limited effect on the NGD and SYN groups. Single failure mode, by screw head decoupling or screw shaft fracture, occurred in the SYN and VOI groups, respectively. In contrast, NGD and PAX systems failed through a combination of screw decoupling and/or bending.ConclusionsRegardless of insertion torque, the SYN locking mechanism showed the highest failure loads, interfacial stiffness as well as consistent failure mode. These findings highlight the dependability of this system. When using the PAX system an insertion torque of at least 2.5 Nm should be recommended.
The bleeding site: a multi‐level analysis of associated factors
Authors: Farina Roberto , Tomasi Cristiano , Trombelli Leonardo 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAimTo evaluate the association between the probability of a sulcus/pocket to bleed on probing (BoP) and patient related as well as site‐specific characteristics.MethodsData from 88960 sites were retrospectively derived from the clinical record charts of 601 adult patients. BoP (positive/negative) had been recorded at the initial periodontal visit after probing pocket depth (PPD) assessment. To analyse the influence of patient‐, tooth‐ and site‐related factors on the probability for a site to be BoP+, a logistic, 3‐level model was built with BoP as the binary outcome variable.Results(i) The mean probability to be BoP+ for a site with PPD = 3 mm was 18%, and the log odds increased by 0.69 for each 1 mm increment in PPD; (ii) a significantly higher risk for BoP+ was observed for inter‐proximal versus approximal surfaces, posterior teeth versus anterior teeth, females versus males, while a significantly lower risk was observed for smokers versus non‐smokers; (iii) when controlling for the significant covariates, different BoP+ probabilities could still be observed among sites in patients with a different susceptibility to BoP.ConclusionsThe probability of a site to be BoP+ was associated with either site‐specific (i.e. PPD, tooth aspect, tooth type) or patient‐related factors (i.e. gender, smoking status).
Cotton AnnGh3 Encoding an Annexin Protein is Preferentially Expressed in Fibers and Promotes Initiation and Elongation of Leaf Trichomes in Transgenic Arabidopsis
Authors: Li Bing , Li Deng‐Di , Zhang Jie , Xia Hui , Wang Xiu‐Lan , Li Ying , Li Xue‐Bao 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe annexins are a multifamily of calcium‐regulated phospholipid‐binding proteins. To investigate the roles of annexins in fiber development, four genes encoding putative annexin proteins were isolated from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and designated AnnGh3, AnnGh4, AnnGh5, and AnnGh6. Quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) results indicated that AnnGh3, AnnGh4, and AnnGh5 were preferentially expressed in fibers, while the transcripts of AnnGh6 were predominantly accumulated in roots. During fiber development, the transcripts of AnnGh3/4/5 genes were mainly accumulated in rapidly elongating fibers. With fiber cells further developed, their expression activity was dramatically declined to a relatively low level. In situ hybridization results indicated that AnnGh3 and AnnGh5 were expressed in initiating fiber cells (0–2 DPA). Additionally, their expression in fibers was also regulated by phytohormones and [Ca2+]. Subcellular localization analysis discovered that AnnGh3 protein was localized in the cytoplasm. Overexpression of AnnGh3 in Arabidopsis resulted in a significant increase in trichome density and length on leaves of the transgenic plants, suggesting that AnnGh3 may be involved in fiber cell initiation and elongation of cotton.
The Hierarchical Structure and Construct Validity of the PID‐5 Trait Measure in Adolescence
Authors: De Clercq Barbara , De Fruyt Filip , De Bolle Marleen , Van Hiel Alain , Markon Kristian E. , Krueger Robert F. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe DSM‐5 may be the first edition that enables a developmental perspective on personality disorders because of its proposal to include a trait assessment in the Axis II section. The current study explores the reliability, structure, and construct validity of the Personality Inventory for DSM‐5 (PID‐5; Krueger, Derringer, Markon, Watson, & Skodol, 2012) in adolescents, a measure that assesses the proposed DSM‐5 traits. A community sample of Flemish adolescents (N = 434; 44.7% male) provided self‐reports on the PID‐5 and the Dimensional Personality Symptom Itempool (DIPSI; De Clercq, De Fruyt, Van Leeuwen, & Mervielde, 2006). Results indicate an acceptable reliability for the majority of the PID‐5 facets and a tendency toward structural convergence of the adolescent PID‐5 structure with the adult proposal. Convergent validity with age‐specific facets of personality pathology was generally supported, but discriminant validity appeared to be low. Beyond the findings that support the applicability of the PID‐5 in adolescents, developmental issues may be responsible for specific differences in the adolescent PID‐5 structure, the rather poor discriminant validity of the PID‐5, and the lower reliability of a small number of PID‐5 facets. These results indicate that further research on the validity of the PID‐5 in younger age groups is required.
Root caries: a periodontal perspective
Authors: Bignozzi I. , Crea A. , Capri D. , Littarru C. , Lajolo C. , Tatakis D. N. 
Published: May 2013

Background and objectiveA prevailing dental problem in the periodontal patient is root caries. Specifically, periodontal involvement often results in root surfaces becoming exposed and at risk for this condition. Periodontal therapy often leads to increased gingival recession as well, and the associated increased root caries risk may compromise the long‐term success and survival of periodontally treated teeth.This narrative review will address the topic of root caries in the periodontal patient, focusing on unmet research needs.Material and MethodsThe Medline database was searched to identify items dealing with root caries, in terms of clinical features, diagnosis, pathogenic mechanisms and histopathology, as well as epidemiology, focusing then on the relationship between root caries and periodontal disorders.ResultsAlthough there is extensive literature on root caries, consensus is lacking regarding certain aspects, such as diagnostic criteria, prevalence within populations and indisputable risk factors. Advancing age could be an aggravating factor in susceptibility to root caries for the periodontal patient; however, definitive evidence in this regard is still missing. Similarly, full awareness of the increased risk of root caries in patients with periodontal disease or long‐term periodontal treatment appears to be still lacking.ConclusionResearch regarding root caries in age‐specific (elderly) periodontal patients is needed. Improved oral hygiene practices, locally applied preventive measures, good dietary habits and regular dental check‐ups are crucial approaches to prevent both periodontal disease progression and root caries. Periodontal patients with root exposure should follow a strict root caries prevention protocol, as an integral component of their periodontal maintenance therapy.
Adrenomedullin and Angiopoietin-1 Additively Restore Erectile Function in Diabetic Rats: Comparison with the Combination Therapy of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Angiopoietin-1
Authors: Nishimatsu Hiroaki , Suzuki Etsu , Nomiya Akira , Niimi Aya , Suzuki Motofumi , Fujimura Tetsuya , Fukuhara Hiroshi , Homma Yukio 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a major health problem. We have shown that adrenomedullin (AM) restores erectile function in diabetic rats.

Aim
The aim of this study is to explore a better treatment for ED, we examined whether combination of AM and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) was more effective to treat ED than treatment with AM alone or Ang-1 alone. We also compared the effect of the combination therapy with that of treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A).

Methods
Male Wistar rats were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes. Adenoviruses expessing AM (AdAM), Ang-1 (AdAng-1), and VEGF-A (AdVEGF-A) were injected into the penis 6 weeks after STZ administration. Erectile function, penile histology, and protein expression were analyzed 4 weeks after the injection of the adenoviruses.

Main Outcome Measures
Intracavernous pressure and mean arterial pressure were measured to evaluate erectile function. The morphology of the penis was analyzed by Elastica van Gieson stain and immunohistochemistry. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), VE-cadherin and type I collagen was assessed by Western blot analysis.

Results
Infection with AdAM plus AdAng-1 more effectively restored erectile function than infection with AdAM alone or AdAng-1 alone. This combination therapy restored erectile function to a level similar to that observed in the age-matched Wistar rats. Expression of SMA and VE-cadherin increased more significantly in the AdAM plus AdAng-1-treated group than in the AdAM- or AdAng-1-treated group. Although AdVEGF-A infection restored erectile function significantly, it also caused enlargement of the trabeculae of the cavernous body, aberrant angiogenesis, and overproduction of type I collagen.

Conclusions
These results suggested that combination therapy with AM and Ang-1 potently restored erectile function and normal morphology of the cavernous body compared with VEGF-A administration. This combination therapy will be useful to treat ED patients with a severely damaged cavernous body.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with the Complaint of Premature Ejaculation and the Four Premature Ejaculation Syndromes: A Large Observational Study in China
Authors: Gao Jingjing , Zhang Xiansheng , Su Puyu , Liu Jishuang , Xia Lei , Yang Jiajia , Shi Kai , Tang Dongdong , Hao Zongyao , Zhou Jun , Liang Chaozhao 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Although the new classification of premature ejaculation (PE) has been proposed by Waldinger et al., there have been few studies investigating the four PE syndromes in China.

Aims
We investigated the prevalence and factors associated with the complaint of PE and the four PE syndromes in Anhui province, China.

Methods
Between September 2011 and September 2012, subjects were selected from five cities in Anhui province, China. They participated in this survey by completing a detailed verbal questionnaire regarding their demographic data and medical and sexual history. Men with PE complaint were diagnosed as lifelong PE (LPE), acquired PE (APE), natural variable PE (NVPE), or premature-like ejaculatory dysfunction (PLED).

Main Outcome Measures
PE complaint was divided into four PE syndromes. Anxiety, depression, and erectile dysfunction were independently assessed by the self-rating anxiety/depression scale and the international index of erectile function-5, respectively.

Results
Of the 3,016 men evaluated, 25.80% complained of PE. The distribution of the four PE syndromes in men with PE complaint was in the order of NVPE (44.09%), PLPE (24.81%), APE (18.77%), and LPE (12.34%). Patients with PE complaint were older and more likely to smoke, had more comorbidities, and a higher body mass index (BMI) than patients without the complaint (P &lt; 0.001 for all). Similar findings were also observed in patients with APE compared with other PE patients (depression P = 0.012, cardiovascular P = 0.003, others P &lt; 0.001). In addition, the rates of counseling by a doctor in men with LPE and APE were higher than those in men with NVPE and PLED (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
The prevalence of PE complaint in male population of Anhui province, China, was 25.80%, with the highest PE syndromes being NVPE and PLPE. Patients with PE complaint or APE were older and more likely to smoke, had more comorbidities, and a higher BMI.
Animals, Agency and Resistance
Authors: Carter Bob , Charles Nickie 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIn this paper we develop a relational approach to the question of animal agency. We distinguish between agency and action and, using three examples of non‐human animal behaviour, explore how human‐other animal interactions might be understood in terms of action, agency and resistance. In order to do this we draw on the distinction between primary and corporate agency found in the work of Margaret Archer, arguing that, while non‐human animals are able to act and to exercise primary agency, they are unable to exercise corporate agency. Animals are therefore agents; they act and their actions have consequences, they also resist conditions which they do not like and, in some circumstances, are able to change the conditions of their agency. We discuss the place of animals in the social world and the political implications of this way of viewing animal agency.
A New User‐Oriented Index, Based on a Fuzzy Inference System, for Quality Evaluation of Rural Roads
Authors: Dell'Orco Mauro , Mellano Mario 
Published: May 2013

AbstractUsers of road facilities generally express a judgment on road quality based on their psychophysical conditions, in relation to the environment they refer to. This judgment is made considering many aspects, for example, the presence of traffic lights, the frequency of interchanges, of lay‐bys and gas stations, route conformation, environmental conditions, quality of road signs, etc. In this article, we propose a new index called Global Satisfaction Index, which uses vehicular traffic quality and quality of road pavement, to summarize these aspects, and to express the users’ global judgment about the ride comfort on rural roads. Since in this kind of judgment a subjective perception process is involved, we have used fuzzy theory to handle uncertainty embedded in the process. The attributes of the aspects considered have been expressed through fuzzy numbers, and the global judgment has been obtained through a fuzzy inference system. In this way the proposed index overcomes the limits of other existing indices, since it incorporates uncertainties and/or imprecision inherent in the drivers’ perception of the ride comfort. Moreover, it can be used for evaluation and comparison of different types of road sections. Finally, a numerical example is presented to assist in understanding the practical aspects of the proposed index.
Social structure of Atlantic spotted dolphins, Stenella frontalis, following environmental disturbance and demographic changes
Authors: Elliser Cindy R. , Herzing Denise L. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractExtreme environmental events and demographic changes can have variable effects on the social structure of animal populations. This study compared the social structure of a community of Atlantic spotted dolphins in the Bahamas before and after two hurricanes. Approximately 36% of the individuals were lost, with no subsequent increase in immigration. The majority of the social structure characteristics were consistent with results from a long‐term study covering the previous 12 yr, including community structure with definitive social clusters, sex preferences and overall association patterns. However some changes occurred, though still constrained within sex preferences. Posthurricane there was a decrease in social differentiation and increased cohesion within clusters and across age class. Males retained or made new first order alliances, however, only one second order alliance was evident, revealing a simplified alliance structure. Juvenile individuals made alliance level associations, unprecedented from long‐term analysis. Although other studies have shown stark restructuring, this study showed that less drastic changes within overall social structure stability can occur. Persistence and evolutionary changes in populations through environmental and/or demographic perturbations may depend on the social structure of a population or community. Understanding the processes involved in social development is paramount for conservation of diverse populations.
mCSF1, a nucleus‐encoded CRM protein required for the processing of many mitochondrial introns, is involved in the biogenesis of respiratory complexes I and IV in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zmudjak Michal , Colas des Francs‐Small Catherine , Keren Ido , Shaya Felix , Belausov Eduard , Small Ian , Ostersetzer‐Biran Oren 
Published: May 2013

Summary

The coding regions of many mitochondrial genes in plants are interrupted by intervening sequences that are classified as group II introns. Their splicing is essential for the expression of the genes they interrupt and hence for respiratory function, and is facilitated by various protein cofactors. Despite the importance of these cofactors, only a few of them have been characterized.

CRS1‐YhbY domain (CRM) is a recently recognized RNA‐binding domain that is present in several characterized splicing factors in plant chloroplasts. The Arabidopsis genome encodes 16 CRM proteins, but these are largely uncharacterized.

Here, we analyzed the intracellular location of one of these hypothetical proteins in Arabidopsis, mitochondrial CAF‐like splicing factor 1 (mCSF1; At4 g31010), and analyzed the growth phenotypes and organellar activities associated with mcsf1 mutants in plants.

Our data indicated that mCSF1 resides within mitochondria and its functions are essential during embryogenesis. Mutant plants with reduced mCSF1 displayed inhibited germination and retarded growth phenotypes that were tightly associated with reduced complex I and IV activities. Analogously to the functions of plastid‐localized CRM proteins, analysis of the RNA profiles in wildtype and mcsf1 plants showed that mCSF1 acts in the splicing of many of the group II intron RNAs in Arabidopsis mitochondria.