bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ventricular Tachycardia Associated with Radiation-Induced Cardiac Sarcoma
Authors: Beaty Elijah H. , Ballany Wassim , Trohman Richard G. , Madias Christopher 
Published: December 2014

Cardiac tumors can lead to distinct electrocardiographic changes and ventricular arrhythmias. Benign and malignant cardiac tumors have been associated with ventricular tachycardia. When possible, benign tumors should be resected when ventricular arrhythmias are intractable. Chemotherapy can shrink malignant tumors and eliminate arrhythmias.
We report the case of a 52-year-old woman with breast sarcoma whom we diagnosed with myocardial metastasis after she presented with palpitations. The initial electrocardiogram revealed sinus rhythm with new right bundle branch block and ST-segment elevation in the anterior precordial leads. During telemetry, hemodynamically stable, sustained ventricular tachycardia with right ventricular localization was detected. Images showed a myocardial mass in the right ventricular free wall. Amiodarone suppressed the arrhythmia.
To our knowledge, this is the first report of ventricular tachycardia associated with radiation-induced undifferentiated sarcoma. We discuss the distinct electrocardiographic changes and ventricular arrhythmias that can be associated with cardiac tumors, and we review the relevant medical literature.
Benefits and Limitations of Multimodality Imaging in the Diagnosis of a Primary Cardiac Lymphoma
Authors: Nijjar Prabhjot Singh , Masri Sofia Carolina , Tamene Ashenafi , Kassahun Helina , Liao Kenneth , Valeti Uma 
Published: December 2014

Primary cardiac tumors are far rarer than tumors metastatic to the heart. Angiosarcoma is the primary cardiac neoplasm most frequently detected; lymphomas constitute only 1% of primary cardiac tumors.
We present the case of a 55-year-old woman with a recently diagnosed intracardiac mass who was referred to our institution for consideration of urgent orthotopic heart transplantation. Initial images suggested an angiosarcoma; however, a biopsy specimen of the mass was diagnostic for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The patient underwent chemotherapy rather than surgery, and she was asymptomatic 34 months later.
We use our patient's case to discuss the benefits and limitations of multiple imaging methods in the evaluation of cardiac masses. Certain features revealed by computed tomography, cardiac magnetic resonance, and positron emission tomography can suggest a diagnosis of angiosarcoma rather than lymphoma. Cardiac magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography enable reliable distinction between benign and malignant tumors; however, the characteristics of different malignant tumors can overlap. Despite the great usefulness of multiple imaging methods for timely diagnosis, defining the extent of spread and the hemodynamic impact, and monitoring responses to treatment, we think that biopsy analysis is still warranted in order to obtain a correct histologic diagnosis in cases of suspected malignant cardiac tumors.
Internal Mammary Artery Graft Dissection: A Case-Based Retrospective Study and Brief Review
Authors: Khan Zeeshan , Latif Faisal , Dasari Tarun W. 
Published: December 2014

The left internal mammary artery is the preferred graft for treating left anterior descending coronary artery disease. Dissection is a rare but grave sequela of internal mammary artery graft angiography. The available medical literature is scant, perhaps as a result of under-reporting.
We report a case in which dissection of the internal mammary artery graft occurred during diagnostic angiography, and we discuss its management. In addition, we review the available literature and provide a retrospective analysis of the data from our own catheterization laboratory. In our single-center analysis of 542 cases of selective internal mammary artery graft angiography, we found only the single case of internal mammary artery graft dissection (0.2%) that we report here. Our review of the literature revealed 7 reported cases of internal mammary artery graft dissection, 3 of which were iatrogenic. There were no identifiable risk factors for such dissection. After treatment with angioplasty and stenting, all patients had good outcomes during follow-up.
Aortic Valve Reconstruction with Use of Pericardial Leaflets in Adults with Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease: Early and Midterm Outcomes
Authors: Song Meong Gun , Yang Hyun Suk , Choi Jong Bum , Shin Je Kyoun , Chee Hyun Keun , Kim Jun Seok 
Published: December 2014

In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of adults with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) disease who underwent aortic valve reconstructive surgery (AVRS), consisting of replacement of the diseased BAV with 2 or 3 pericardial leaflets plus fixation of the sinotubular junction for accurate and constant leaflet coaptation. From December 2007 through April 2013, 135 consecutive patients (mean age, 49.2 ± 13.1 yr; 73.3% men) with symptomatic BAV disease underwent AVRS. Raphe was observed in 84 patients (62.2%), and the remaining 51 patients had pure BAV without raphe. A total of 122 patients (90.4%) underwent 3-leaflet reconstruction, and 13 (9.6%) underwent 2-leaflet reconstruction. Concomitant aortic wrapping with an artificial graft was performed in 63 patients (46.7%).
There were no in-hospital deaths and 2 late deaths (1.5%); 6 patients (4.4%) needed valve-related reoperation. The 5-year cumulative survival rate was 98% ± 1.5%, and freedom from valve-related reoperation at 5 years was 92.7% ± 3.6%. In the last available echocardiograms, aortic regurgitation was absent or trivial in 116 patients (85.9%), mild in 16 (11.9%), moderate in 2 (1.5%), and severe in one (0.7%). The mean aortic valve gradient was 10.2 ± 4.5 mmHg, and the mean aortic valve orifice area index was 1.3 ± 0.3 cm2/m2. The 3-leaflet technique resulted in lower valve gradients and greater valve areas than did the 2-leaflet technique. Thus, in patients with BAV, AVRS yielded satisfactory early and midterm results with low mortality rates and low reoperation risk after the initial procedure.
Der Theatermann Otto Brahm ein widerwilliger Jude
Authors: Malkin Jeanette R. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn the history of modern theatre, Otto Brahm is canonized mainly as the founder of the Freie Bühne (1889), the first Naturalist stage in Germany, which – as a private society – produced censored plays by Ibsen and Hauptmann and opened the way for the general acceptance of socially-oriented contemporary plays on the German stage. Brahm began as an influential theatre critic who, throughout the 1880s, fought against the popular theatre which was dominated by the star-system and by French-influenced light comedies. Instead, he advocated those new plays – especially by Ibsen – that presented contemporary society in positivist detail and with a social-activist critique. Brahm maintained his faith and focus on such plays when he became director of the Berlin Deutsches Theater (1894–1904) and, later, of the Lessing-Theater (1904–1912). Throughout, he produced a quality of theatre that turned Berlin into a famous theatre capital. Brahm ’s Jewish identity has rarely been studied, mainly because Brahm himself left so little witness to it, despite the growing political and racial anti-Semitism that existed during his life. This identity, which at the time was always significant, played a considerable role both in his personal life and in his extraordinary career. This article traces this role, as well as Brahm’s complex relationship to his Judaism, with the goal of re-inscribing Brahm ’s history into a Jewish context.
On the application of the partition of unity method for nonlocal response of low-dimensional structures
Authors: Natarajan Sundararajan 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe main objectives of the paper are to (1) present an overview of nonlocal integral elasticity and Aifantis gradient elasticity theory and (2) discuss the application of partition of unity methods to study the response of low-dimensional structures. We present different choices of approximation functions for gradient elasticity, namely Lagrange intepolants, moving least-squares approximants and non-uniform rational B-splines. Next, we employ these approximation functions to study the response of nanobeams based on Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko theories as well as to study nanoplates based on first-order shear deformation theory. The response of nanobeams and nanoplates is studied using Eringen’s nonlocal elasticity theory. The influence of the nonlocal parameter, the beam and the plate aspect ratio and the boundary conditions on the global response is numerically studied. The influence of a crack on the axial vibration and buckling characteristics of nanobeams is also numerically studied.
Narrow presentational focus in Mexican Spanish: Experimental evidence
Authors: Hoot Bradley 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIt is most often claimed that in Spanish constituents in narrow presentational or information focus appear rightmost, where they also receive main sentence stress, while shifting the stress to the focus in its canonical position is infelicitous. Some, however, claim that Spanish in fact has recourse to both strategies for making the focus prominent, and some recent quantitative work has shown support for this alternative view. The present paper contributes to this debate by experimentally testing the realization of presentational focus in Mexican Spanish using an acceptability judgment task. The results of the experiment reveal that, for these speakers, focused constituents need not be rightmost and can in fact be stressed in non-final position, contra the consensus view. These findings expand the database on focus in Spanish and indicate that theories of the prosody/syntax interface may need to be revised, especially those theories that motivate discourse-related syntactic movement based on the requirements of the prosody.
The Prevalence of Individual Histopathologic Features Varies according to Autoantibody Status in Muscle Biopsies from Patients with Dermatomyositis
Authors: Pinal-Fernandez Iago , Casciola-Rosen Livia A. , Christopher-Stine Lisa , Corse Andrea M. , Mammen Andrew L. 
Published: December 2014

Objective.Individual dermatomyositis (DM)-associated autoantibodies are associated with distinct clinical phenotypes. This study was undertaken to explore the association of these autoantibodies with specific muscle biopsy features.Methods.DM subjects with a muscle biopsy reviewed at Johns Hopkins had sera screened for autoantibodies recognizing Mi-2, transcriptional intermediary factor 1-γ (TIF1-γ), NXP2, MDA5, Ro52, PM-Scl, and Jo1. We also included anti-Jo1–positive patients with polymyositis (PM) who had a biopsy read at Johns Hopkins. Analyzed histological features included perifascicular atrophy, perivascular inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, primary inflammation, and myofiber necrosis. Duration of disease, biopsy location, and treatment at biopsy were also analyzed.Results.We studied 91 DM and 7 anti-Jo1–positive patients with PM. In univariate analyses, TIF1-γ+ patients had more mitochondrial dysfunction (47% vs 18%; p = 0.05), NXP2+ patients had less primary inflammation (0% vs 28%; p = 0.01), Mi-2+ patients had more primary inflammation (50% vs 19%; p = 0.03), and PM-Scl+ patients had more primary inflammation (67% vs 18%; p = 0.004) than those who were negative for each autoantibody. Although reliability was limited because of small sample numbers, multivariate analysis confirmed that TIF1-γ+ patients had more mitochondrial dysfunction [prevalence ratio (PR) 2.6, 95% CI 1.0–6.5, p = 0.05] and PM-Scl+ patients had more primary inflammation (PR 5.2, 95% CI 2.0–13.4; p = 0.001) independent of disease duration at biopsy, biopsy site, and treatment at biopsy. No differences in muscle biopsy features were noted between anti-Jo1–positive patients diagnosed with DM and PM.Conclusion.The prevalence of different histological features varies according to autoantibody status in DM. Muscle biopsy features are similar in anti-Jo1 patients with and without a rash.
No Decreased Infection Rate When Using Antibiotic-Impregnated Cement in Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Yi Zeng , Bin Shen , Jing Yang , Zongke Zhou , Pengde Kang , Fuxing Pei 
Published: December 2014

Educational Objectives

As a result of reading this article, physicians should be able to:

1.
Explain why periprosthetic infection is the most devastating complication of primary total joint arthroplasty.

2.
Recognize the available strategies for using antibiotic-impregnated bone cement in patients undergoing primary total joint arthroplasty.

3.
Discuss the potential strengths and limitations of using antibiotic-impregnated bone cement in primary total joint arthroplasty.

4.
Recall the available evidence regarding the use of antibiotic-impregnated bone cement in primary total joint arthroplasty.

There has been much debate and controversy about the routine use of antibiotic-impregnated bone cement in primary total joint arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to undertake a meta-analysis to determine whether the use of antibiotic-impregnated bone cement would reduce the incidence of infection after primary total joint arthroplasty. Of 313 citations identified for screening, 6 trials reporting 26,791 patients were eligible for data extraction and meta-analysis. The authors found no statistically significant difference between antibiotic-impregnated bone cement and plain bone cement in terms of the incidence of infection. The results indicated that the use of antibiotic-impregnated bone cement in primary total joint arthroplasty did not lead to a decrease in the rate of infection. [
Orthopedics.
2014; 37(12):839–845.]
Looking Back to the Future in John Steinbeck'sAmerica and Americans
Authors: Brinkman Mark 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWith the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of America and Americans on the horizon in 2016, we have the advantage of almost a half century of hindsight to explore how Steinbeck's America informed his contemplation of its future in the book's final essay “Americans and the Future.” This paper will look back at America in the early 1960s, followed by a comparative view of America today, guided by Steinbeck in “Americans and the Future” (with several side trips into the other essays and selected writings), to argue that not only was Steinbeck sharply perceptive about the challenges and opportunities facing his era, but he held an intuitive grasp of American identity that is timeless and relevant to twenty-first century Americans.
Indigenous Farming Families of Ifugao: Partners in Safeguarding the Sustainable Use of Natural Resources
Authors: MARASIGAN SHERRY B. , SERRANO JOANE V. 
Published: December 2014

The Ifugao farming families are partners in safeguarding the sustainable use of naturalresources through their continued conservation of the rice terraces. However, in recent years ithas been observed that many Ifugao children coming from families whose main livelihood isfarming no longer participate and involve themselves in farming activities. A number of familymembers migrate to urban places and some who have been educated totally abandon theirfarming duties and roles. The objectives of this study are: to determine the involvement offamilies in farming particularly in areas which farming has been the primary source of incomeand explore how farming families can contribute to safeguarding the sustainable use of naturalresources. Conversational method was used for this study wherein key informants andmembers of the farming families were interviewed. The data were analyzed using thematicanalysis guided by the Indigenous perspective. A number of thematic insights emerged showingthe strong involvement of the different family members in the various farming activities. Thefamily members are involved in farming through the different roles they play, the resourcesthey contribute, and the honor they bring to the family. The farming families play a major rolein safeguarding natural resources through: reviving the traditional and natural practices; andbringing back the interests among the younger generations in farming.Keywords: Ecology, Ifugao rice terraces, farming families, natural resources, indigenous people, qualitative research, Ifugao, Philippines
Perioperative Management of Patients Taking Direct Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: Douketis James D. , Spyropoulos Alex C. 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceDirect oral anticoagulants (DOACs), comprising apixaban, rivaroxaban, edoxaban, and dabigatran, are commonly used medications to treat patients with atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism. Decisions about how to manage DOACs in patients undergoing a surgical or nonsurgical procedure are important to decrease the risks of bleeding and thromboembolism.ObservationsFor elective surgical or nonsurgical procedures, a standardized approach to perioperative DOAC management involves classifying the risk of procedure-related bleeding as minimal (eg, minor dental or skin procedures), low to moderate (eg, cholecystectomy, inguinal hernia repair), or high risk (eg, major cancer or joint replacement procedures). For patients undergoing minimal bleeding risk procedures, DOACs may be continued, or if there is concern about excessive bleeding, DOACs may be discontinued on the day of the procedure. Patients undergoing a low to moderate bleeding risk procedure should typically discontinue DOACs 1 day before the operation and restart DOACs 1 day after. Patients undergoing a high bleeding risk procedure should stop DOACs 2 days prior to the operation and restart DOACs 2 days after. With this perioperative DOAC management strategy, rates of thromboembolism (0.2%-0.4%) and major bleeding (1%-2%) are low and delays or cancellations of surgical and nonsurgical procedures are infrequent. Patients taking DOACs who need emergent (&amp;lt;6 hours after presentation) or urgent surgical procedures (6-24 hours after presentation) experience bleeding rates up to 23% and thromboembolism as high as 11%. Laboratory testing to measure preoperative DOAC levels may be useful to determine whether patients should receive a DOAC reversal agent (eg, prothrombin complex concentrates, idarucizumab, or andexanet-α) prior to an emergent or urgent procedure.Conclusions and RelevanceWhen patients who are taking a DOAC require an elective surgical or nonsurgical procedure, standardized management protocols can be applied that do not require testing DOAC levels or heparin bridging. When patients taking a DOAC require an emergent, urgent, or semiurgent surgical procedure, anticoagulant reversal agents may be appropriate when DOAC levels are elevated or not available.
Ventilation measures to control aerosol transmission based on COVID‐19 outbreaks in hospitals in Japan
Authors: Hayashi Motoya , Honma Yoshinori , Kikuta Koki , Hasegawa Asako , Murata Sayaka , Yamada Hiromi , Ogata Masayuki , Kagi Naoki , Yanagi U , Yamanaka Toshio , Kim Hoon , Kobayashi Kenichi , Kaihara Noriko , Ito Akira , Shinohara Fumihiko , Morimoto Shoichi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCOVID‐19 outbreaks occurred in several hospitals, and the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, local authorities, and universities carried out investigations into ventilation in hospitals. The results indicated that ventilation performance was insufficient to prevent aerosol infection due to poor air conditioning, equipment maintenance, and existing ventilation design guidelines. The authors investigated guidelines for ventilation measures for general patient wards with the cooperation of The Society of Air‐Conditioning and Sanitary Engineers of Japan and the Japanese Society for Infection Prevention and Control. Based on a survey of COVID‐19 outbreaks in hospitals, ventilation countermeasure plans for 3 stages (a. normal conditions, b. increased risk of outbreaks, and c. infected patients treated) were compiled.
Fault detection for saturated nonlinear system subject to redundant channel and additive time‐varying delays
Authors: Wu Zhihui , Zhao Xue , Ma Siteng , Chen Dongyan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnder the influence of sensor saturation and packet dropout, this paper is concerned with the fault detection (FD) problem for a class of nonlinear systems with two additive time‐varying delay components. In the addressed measurement model, the sensor is assumed to have two communication channels, which can contribute to improving the probability of successfully delivering the measurements. A FD filter is designed to generate residual signals, and the sufficient criteria are established to ensure the stochastic finite‐time stability (SFTS) of the residual system with performance constraint by constructing new Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functionals. Based on the established criteria, the explicit expression of the desired FD filter is obtained via solving a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, the usefulness of the proposed FD scheme is verified by a simulation example.
Flexible Exchange‐Biased Films with Superior Strain Stability
Authors: Bao Xilai , Yang Huali , Xie Yali , Wang Jiabin , He Ri , Makushko Pavlo , Pan Lili , Wang Yubo , Chen Jinxia , Zou Mengting , Zou Ruoan , Liu Chenxu , Guo Lin , Zhu Tao , Makarov Denys , Li Run‐Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe exchange bias (EB) effect plays an undisputed role in the state‐of‐art spintronic devices, both rigid and flexible. However, the poor stability of EB under mechanical strain is detrimental to the construction of reliable flexible spintronic devices, which poses a great challenge for potential wearable applications. Here, it is revealed that the strain‐induced variation of EB field can be greatly suppressed by engineering flexible IrMn/[Co/Pt]3 systems featured with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). Particularly, in the multi‐stacks with strong PMA, poorly crystallized IrMn structure, and parallel alignment of the ferromagnetic (FM) moments with the biasing magnetic field applied during deposition, an exceptional good strain stability of EB among reported flexible systems is realized, which results from the stable perpendicular FM moments, the low strain transfer efficiency, and the eliminated strain‐driven training effect. These results provide an effective approach to develop flexible spintronic devices with superior strain stability, rendering them strong contenders in the realms of sensor and storage applications.
Hippophae Rhamnoides‐derived Phytomedicine Nano‐System Modulates Bax/Fas Pathways to Reduce Proliferation in Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Farheen Jabeen , Iqbal M. Zubair , Mushtaq Asim , Hou Yike , Kong Xiangdong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most common primary tumor of the breast with limited effectual drug availability. Therefore, the aim of the study is to develop an innovative phyto‐nanomedicine (PNM) to cure TNBC with the least genotoxicity. Hereinafter, the sea buckthorn’ extracted polyphenols (SBP), combine with metformin (MET), are synthesized as a novel PNM to evaluate its anti‐tumor properties, effectiveness, and mechanism of action in TNBC in vitro and in vivo models. The SBP exhibits 16 new kinds of polyphenols that are been reported earlier which regulated cell development, proliferation, and programmed cell death (PCD) effectively. SBP‐MET PNM inhibits MDA‐MB‐231 (47%), MDA‐MB‐436 (46%), and 4T1 (46%) cell proliferation but does not affect L929 normal murine cell development and successfully induce PCD (73.19%) in MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Mechanistically, in vivo SBP‐MET proteome expression profiling reveals upregulation of proapoptotic Bax protein and activation of Fas signaling pathways convince downstream Daxx and FADD proteins, which further triggers Caspase‐3 that prompts apoptosis in human TNBC cells by cleaving PARP‐1 protein. Current findings establish innovative highly biocompatible phyto‐nanomedicine that has significant potential to inhibit TNBC cell growth and induce regulated cell death (RCD) in vivo model, thereby opening a new arena for TNBC therapy.