bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dose‐response relationship of specific allergen exposure‐induced immunological tolerance: a mouse model
Authors: Yeh Yueh‐Chiao , Yen Hung‐Rong , Jiang Rong‐San , Wang Ren‐Ching , Huang Wan‐Chun , Chen Shyh‐Chang , Lin Bo‐Shiou , Liang Kai‐Li 
Published: May 2015

BackgroundIt is believed that adequate allergen preimmunization exposure could induce immunologic tolerance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dose‐dependent mechanisms related to antigen‐specific tolerance induction in a mouse model.MethodsMice were assigned to 5 groups: the control (Cont) group received phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) preimmunization exposure and PBS sham immunization; the other 4 groups were exposed preimmunization to PBS (PBS group) or ovalbumin (OVA) (first mucosal doses: 1.25%, 2.5%, or 5% wt/vol aerosol from days −3 to −1) prior to OVA immunization. The OVA‐immunized mice received intraperitoneal doses of 20 μg OVA (on days 1, 7, and 14), and then a second set of mucosal doses with 0.5% wt/vol OVA aerosol (on days 18 to 20). After assessment of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), the mice were euthanized and their blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs), and lung tissues were collected for further analyses.ResultsOVA‐immunized mice exposed to OVA preimmunization had reduced AHR and immunoglobulin E production when compared to the PBS group. OVA preimmunization exposure inhibited eosinophilic inflammation in lung tissues. The proportions of BALF eosinophil counts from the groups exposed to OVA preimmunization were significantly decreased when compared with those exposed to PBS preimmunization. The balance of T helper 2 (Th2) and T regulatory (Treg) cytokines in BALFs were additionally observed in this mouse model.ConclusionOur results suggest that preimmunization exposure to an appropriate dose of a specific antigen could suppress allergic airway inflammation by induction of immunological tolerance.
Chemical Characterization and Insecticidal Properties of Essential Oils from Different Wild Populations of Mentha suaveolens subsp. timija (Briq.) Harley from Morocco
Authors: Kasrati Ayoub , Alaoui Jamali Chaima , Bekkouche Khalid , Spooner‐Hart Robert , Leach David , Abbad Abdelaziz 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe present study is the first investigation of the volatile‐oil variability and insecticidal properties of the endemic Moroccan mint Mentha suaveolens subsp. timija (mint timija). The yield of essential oils (EOs) obtained from different wild mint timija populations ranged from 0.20±0.02 to 1.17±0.25% (v/w). GC/MS Analysis revealed the presence of 44 oil constituents, comprising 97.3–99.9% of the total oil compositions. The main constituents were found to be menthone (1.2–62.6%), pulegone (0.8–26.6%), cis‐piperitone epoxide (2.9–25.5%), piperitone (0.3–35.5%), trans‐piperitone epoxide (8.1–15.7%), piperitenone (0.2–9.6%), piperitenone oxide (0.5–28.6%), (E)‐caryophyllene (1.5–11.0%), germacrene D (1.0–15.7%), isomenthone (0.3–7.7%), and borneol (0.2–7.3%). Hierarchical‐cluster analysis allowed the classification of the EOs of the different mint timija populations into four main groups according to the contents of their major components. This variability within the species showed to be linked to the altitude variation of the mint timija growing sites. The results of the insecticidal tests showed that all samples exhibited interesting activity against adults of Tribolium castaneum, but with different degrees. The highest toxicity was observed for the EOs belonging to Group IV, which were rich in menthone and pulegone, with LC50 and LC90 values of 19.0–23.4 and 54.9–58.0 μl/l air in the fumigation assay and LC50 and LC90 values of 0.17–0.18 and 0.40–0.52 μl/cm2 in the contact assay.
Volatile Constituents of the Aerial Parts of Pulicaria sicula (L.) Moris Growing Wild in Sicily: Chemotaxonomic Volatile Markers of the Genus PulicariaGaertn.
Authors: Maggio Antonella , Riccobono Luana , Spadaro Vivienne , Campisi Patrizia , Bruno Maurizio , Senatore Felice 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe chemical composition of the essential oil isolated from the aerial parts of Pulicaria sicula (L.) Moris was characterized by GC‐FID and GC/MS analyses. The oil was particularly rich in oxygenated terpenoids. Among the oxygenated monoterpenes (content of 44.5%), the most abundant were borneol (23.7%), bornyl acetate (6.5%), and isothymol isobutyrate (6.2%). Caryophyllene oxide (10.2%), caryophylladienol I (4.3%), and caryophylla‐3,8(13)‐dien‐5β‐ol (4.4%) were identified as the main constituents among the oxygenated sesquiterpenes. Furthermore, a complete literature review on the composition of the essential oils of all the Pulicaria taxa studied so far was performed and a principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out.
The Peptaibiotics Database – A Comprehensive Online Resource
Authors: Neumann Nora K. N. , Stoppacher Norbert , Zeilinger Susanne , Degenkolb Thomas , Brückner Hans , Schuhmacher Rainer 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn this work, we present the ‘Peptaibiotics Database’ (PDB), a comprehensive online resource, which intends to cover all Aib‐containing non‐ribosomal fungal peptides currently described in scientific literature. This database shall extend and update the recently published ‘Comprehensive Peptaibiotics Database’ and currently consists of 1,297 peptaibiotic sequences. In a literature survey, a total of 235 peptaibiotic sequences published between January 2013 and June 2014 have been compiled, and added to the list of 1,062 peptides in the recently published ‘Comprehensive Peptaibiotics Database’.The presented database is intended as a public resource freely accessible to the scientific community at peptaibiotics‐database.boku.ac.at. The search options of the previously published repository and the presentation of sequence motif searches have been extended significantly. All of the available search options can be combined to create complex database queries. As a public repository, the presented database enables the easy upload of new peptaibiotic sequences or the correction of existing informations. In addition, an administrative interface for maintenance of the content of the database has been implemented, and the design of the database can be easily extended to store additional information to accommodate future needs of the ‘peptaibiomics community’.
Isolated deep T‐wave inversion on an electrocardiogram with normal wall motion
Authors: Aoki Yoshihiro , Kodera Satoshi , Shakya Sandeep , Ishiwaki Hikaru , Ikeda Masayuki , Kanda Junji 
Published: May 2015

Key Clinical MessageThe electrocardiogram (ECG) of a 73‐year‐old, asymptomatic woman showed deep T‐wave inversion. The complete workup was negative. Ten years later, she developed takotsubo cardiomyopathy with abnormal ECG again. Isolated deep T‐wave inversion might be an aftereffect of takotsubo cardiomyopathy that does not warrant an invasive workup.
Production of Synthesis Gas via Dry Reforming of Methane over Co‐Based Catalysts: Effect on H2/CO Ratio and Carbon Deposition
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed A. , Naeem Muhammad Awais , Fakeeha Anis H. , Khan Wasim Ullah , Al‐Fatesh Ahmed S. , Abasaeed Ahmed E. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe effect of support type on synthesis gas production using Co‐based catalysts supported over TiO2‐P25, Al2O3, SiO2, and CeO2 was investigated. The catalysts were prepared by the incipient wet impregnation method and characterized by various techniques for comparison. Experiments were performed in a micro tubular reactor. The results revealed that all Co‐supported catalysts produced synthesis gas ratios of 1 and below and, thus, proved to be well‐suited for methanol and Fischer‐Tropsch syntheses. Co catalysts supported over TiO2‐P25 and Al2O3 provided better synthesis gas ratios and stability performances. The promotion of a Co/TiO2‐P25 catalyst with Ce had a substantial influence on its catalytic activity and the amount of carbon deposit. A Ce‐promoted catalyst diminished markedly the extent of carbon deposition and thus boosted the performance towards better activity and stability.
Formation of Salicylic Acid/4,4′‐Dipyridyl Cocrystals Based on the Ternary Phase Diagram
Authors: Lee Kyeong‐Sill , Kim Kwang‐Joo , Ulrich Joachim 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe solubility behavior of salicylic acid (SAA)/4,4′‐dipyridyl (4,4′‐dipy) cocrystals is investigated in an ethanol solvent. The phase solubility diagram (PSD) of SAA/4,4′‐dipy cocrystals is determined which are formed in a 2:1 stoichiometric ratio in ethanol. The objective is to improve the fundamentals of the formation mechanisms, solution behavior, and solid‐state properties of SAA/4,4′‐dipy cocrystals. The solubility behavior and solution chemistry of cocrystals are studied. It was found that the thermodynamic stability regions of the cocrystals and its components are defined by the phase solubility diagram. Besides the kinetic also the thermodynamic factor turned out to be important for the crystallization of cocrystals.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with and without diabetes in the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) trial
Authors: MacDonald Michael R. , She Lilin , Doenst Torsten , Binkley Philip F. , Rouleau Jean L. , Tan Ru‐San , Lee Kerry L. , Miller Alan B. , Sopko George , Szalewska Dominika , Waclawiw Myron A. , Dabrowski Rafal , Castelvecchio Serenella , Adlbrecht Christopher , Michler Robert E. , Oh Jae K. , Velazquez Eric J. , Petrie Mark C. 
Published: May 2015

AimsHypothesis 1 of the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) trial enrolled 1212 patients with an LVEF of ≤35% and CAD amenable to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Patients were randomized to CABG and optimal medical therapy (MED) or MED alone. The objective was to assess whether or not patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) enrolled in the STICH trial would have greater benefit from CABG than patients without DM.Methods and resultsThe characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with and without DM randomized to CABG and MED or MED alone were compared. DM was present in 40%. At baseline, patients with DM had more triple vessel CAD, higher LVEF, and smaller left ventricular volumes. In patients with DM, the primary outcome of all‐cause mortality occurred in 39% of patients in the MED group and 39% in the CABG group [hazard ratio (HR) with CABG 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.73–1.26]. In patients without DM, the primary outcome occurred in 41% of patients in the MED group and 32% in the CABG group (HR with CABG 0.80, 95% CI 0.63–1.02). While numerically it would appear that the treatment effect of CABG is blunted in patients with DM, there was no significant interaction between DM and treatment group on formal statistical testing.ConclusionsPatients with DM enrolled in the STICH trial had more triple vessel disease, smaller hearts, and higher LVEF than those without DM. CABG did not exert greater benefit in patients with DM.
Tomato seed oil for biodiesel production
Authors: Giuffrè Angelo Maria , Capocasale Marco , Zappia Clotilde , Sicari Vincenzo , Pellicanò Teresa Maria , Poiana Marco , Panzera Giuseppe 
Published: May 2015

The use of vegetable oil for biodiesel production as a renewable energy source can have five main goals: the reduction of dependence on fossil energy, the reduction of wastes, the increase of the economic value of fruits, the increase of the economic value of vegetable oils, and the reduction of total CO2 emissions. Tomato seeds could be used for biodiesel production. The influence of the hot break and cold break treatments together with the harvest year effect on the physicochemical properties of the tomato seed oil were studied. Relative density was within 928 ± 0.33, acid value ranged from 0.48 ± 0.07 to 2.50 ± 0.03. The oil stability index measured at 110°C was always above 6 h. Kinematic viscosity decreased with the increase of the temperature from 30 to 50°C, being similar to the value indicated by the DIN 51605 for rapeseed oil at 40°C (35.17 ± 020–41.35 ± 0.56 mm2/s). Eleven fatty acid were detected: myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, margaric acid, margaroleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidic acid, and eicosenoic acid. Linoleic acid prevailed on all fatty acid methyl esters (mono‐alkyl esters) (49.61–57.89%) followed by oleic acid (18.79–21.82%). In the large part of cases, the iodine value was within the maximum of DIN 51605. Cetane number, calcium, and magnesium were out of the limit. International standards for biodiesel and vegetable oil quality standard were discussed.Practical applications: This study is related to the possibility of using an unusual vegetable oil as a source for biodiesel production. In this way, one can monetize a waste product (tomato seeds) and at the same time obtain a vegetable oil useful for biodiesel production. It is noteworthy that, at present, tomato seed oil is not used in the food industry so its use for biodiesel will not increase its price.In the tomato seed oil, the sum C18:1 + C18:2 is similar to an olive oil. All biodiesels produced by the studied TSOs have a CN well above 51.0 and 47.0 stated by the European and USA regulations for a biodiesel.
New Convenient Five‐Component One‐Pot Synthesis of 3‐Alkyl‐6‐amino‐1,4‐dihydro‐4‐{[(1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methoxy]phenyl}pyrano[2,3‐c]pyrazole‐5‐carbonitrile Derivatives
Authors: Dabiri Minoo , Salehi Peyman , Fakharian Mahsa , Kazemi Movahed Siyavash , MaGee David I. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract3‐Alkyl‐6‐amino‐1,4‐dihydro‐4‐{[(1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methoxy]phenyl}pyrano[2,3‐c]pyrazole‐5‐carbonitrile derivatives were synthesized through a one‐pot five‐component condensation reaction.
A Hydroxylated Lupeol‐Based Triterpenoid Ester Isolated from the Scurrula parasitica Parasitic on Nerium indicum
Authors: Liu Quan‐Yu , Wang Fei , Zhang Lei , Xie Jie‐Ming , Li Peng , Zhang Yong‐Hong 
Published: May 2015

Abstract(3β,7β)‐7‐Hydroxylup‐20(29)‐en‐3‐yl hexadecanoate (1), a new lupeol‐based triterpenoid ester, along with sixteen known compounds, 7β,15α‐dihydroxylup‐20(29)‐ene‐3β‐O‐palmitate (2), lupeol palmitate (3), lupeol (4), 3‐oxolup‐20(29)‐ene (5), ursolic acid (6), cycloeucalenol (7), stigmasterol (8), β‐sitosterol (9), β‐daucosterol (10), quercetin (11), quercetin 3‐O‐α‐L‐arabinoside (12), quercetin 3‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnoside (13), catechin (14), gitoxigenin 3‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnoside (15), gitoxigenin 3‐O‐α‐D‐glucoside (16), and digitoxigenin 3‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnoside (17), was isolated from the leaves of the Southern China mistletoe, Scurrula parasitica Linn parasitic on Nerium indicum Mill. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, including 2D‐NMR techniques. Cytotoxic activities of compounds 1–7 and 11–17 were evaluated against three cancer cell lines, PANC‐1, HL‐60, and SGC‐7901, revealing that compounds 4, 6, 11, and 15–17 exhibited effective cytotoxicities, while others were inactive. A structureactivity relationship study of compounds 1–5 indicated that the 3‐OH group in lupeol‐based triterpenoids is essential for antitumor activity.
Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Stagonolide E
Authors: Rajaram Singanaboina , Ramulu Udugu , Aravind Seema , Suresh Babu Katragadda 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAn efficient and highly stereoselective synthesis of stagonolide E (1) starting from the readily available hexane‐1,6‐diol (8) was accomplished, employing MacMillan α‐hydroxylation, Horner WadsworthEmmons olefination, (Z)‐selective StillGennari olefination, and Yamaguchi lactonization as key steps.
Two Rare α‐Pyrone (=2H‐Pyran‐2‐one) Derivatives from Gentiana rhodanthaFranchet
Authors: Yao Hai‐Qiong , Wu Li‐Hong , Chou Gui‐Xin , Liu Qing , Wang Zheng‐Tao 
Published: May 2015

AbstractTwo new rare α‐pyrone (=2H‐pyran‐2‐one) derivatives, rhodanthpyrones A and B (1 and 2, resp.), together with fourteen known compounds, 3–16, were isolated from the whole plants of Gentiana rhodantha. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. This is the first report on the occurrence of α‐pyrone derivatives in the genus Gentiana.
How to attract health students to remote areas in Indonesia: a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Efendi Ferry , Chen Ching‐Min , Nursalam Nursalam , Andriyani Nurul Wachyu Fitriyah , Kurniati Anna , Nancarrow Susan Alison 
Published: May 2015

SummaryBackgroundRemote areas of Indonesia lack sufficient health workers to meet the health‐care needs of the population. There is an urgent need for evidence regarding interventions to attract health workers and specifically health students to serve in remote areas. The aim of this research was to analyze the job preferences of health students to develop effective policies to improve the recruitment and retention of health students in remote areas.MethodsA discrete choice experiment was conducted to investigate health students' preferences regarding job characteristics. This study was conducted in three different regions of Indonesia, with a total included 400 health students. Mixed logit models were used to explore the stated preferences for each attribute.ResultsData were collected from 150 medical, 150 nursing and 100 midwifery students. Medical students gave the highest preference for receiving study assistance, while nursing students viewed salary as the most important. Midwifery students valued advanced quality facilities as an important attribute.ConclusionsThis study confirmed the importance of combination interventions in attracting and retaining health workers in remote areas of Indonesia. Money is not the only factor affecting student preferences to take up a rural post; good management and better facilities were viewed as important by all health students. Addressing health student preferences, which are the candidate of future health workforce, would help the nation solve the recruitment and retention issues. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rwanda Legal Framework on Insolvency: Problems and Proposals for Reform
Authors: Leno Ngaundje Doris 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to explore some key insolvency issues, which will be highly selective for this article, and to identify the weaknesses and inconsistencies in the existing framework on insolvency. Rwanda does not have an efficient and effective framework on insolvency, and the article argues that there is a need for an improved insolvency law regime. In view of the weaknesses and inconsistencies, it is vital to consider international best practices such as the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Legislative Guide on Insolvency and the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross‐border Insolvency as the basis needed to deal with different aspects or elements of the Rwanda insolvency law. The value of this article lies in the insights it offers into the current framework on insolvency and the opportunity given to address the inconsistencies, weaknesses and uncertainties that invariably arise from the law. Copyright © 2015 INSOL International and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
IGF-I Signaling in Osterix-Expressing Cells Regulates Secondary Ossification Center Formation, Growth Plate Maturation, and Metaphyseal Formation During Postnatal Bone Development
Authors: Wang Yongmei , Menendez Alicia , Fong Chak , ElAlieh Hashem Z , Kubota Takuo , Long Roger , Bikle Daniel D 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

To investigate the role of IGF-I signaling in osterix (OSX)-expressing cells in the skeleton, we generated IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) knockout mice (OSXIGF-IRKO) (floxed-IGF-IR mice × OSX promoter-driven GFP-labeled cre-recombinase [OSXGFPcre]), and monitored postnatal bone development. At day 2 after birth (P2), OSXGFP-cre was highly expressed in the osteoblasts in the bone surface of the metaphysis and in the prehypertrophic chondrocytes (PHCs) and inner layer of perichondral cells (IPCs). From P7, OSXGFP-cre was highly expressed in PHCs, IPCs, cartilage canals (CCs), and osteoblasts (OBs) in the epiphyseal secondary ossification center (SOC), but was only slightly expressed in the OBs in the metaphysis. Compared with the control mice, the IPC proliferation was decreased in the OSXIGF-IRKOs. In these mice, fewer IPCs invaded into the cartilage, resulting in delayed formation of the CC and SOC. Immunohistochemistry indicated a reduction of vessel number and lower expression of VEGF and ephrin B2 in the IPCs and SOC of OSXIGF-IRKOs. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that the mRNA levels of the matrix degradation markers, MMP-9, 13 and 14, were decreased in the OSXIGF-IRKOs compared with the controls. The OSXIGF-IRKO also showed irregular morphology of the growth plate and less trabecular bone in the tibia and femur from P7 to 7 weeks, accompanied by decreased chondrocyte proliferation, altered chondrocyte differentiation, and decreased osteoblast differentiation. Our data indicate that during postnatal bone development, IGF-I signaling in OSX-expressing IPCs promotes IPC proliferation and cartilage matrix degradation and increases ephrin B2 production to stimulate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and vascularization. These processes are required for normal CC formation in the establishment of the SOC. Moreover, IGF-I signaling in the OSX-expressing PHC is required for growth plate maturation and osteoblast differentiation in the development of the metaphysis. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
­­­­­Insulin‐Like Growth Factor II (IGF‐II) Inhibits IL‐1β‐Induced Cartilage Matrix Loss and Promotes Cartilage Integrity in Experimental Osteoarthritis
Authors: Uchimura Tomoya , Foote Andrea T. , Smith Eric L. , Matzkin Elizabeth G. , Zeng Li 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTOsteoarthritis (OA) is a widespread chronic joint disease characterized by articular cartilage destruction and accompanied by pain and disability. In this study, we found that the expression of Insulin‐like Growth Factor II (IGF‐II) was reduced in articular cartilage in human OA patients as well as in the murine experimental OA model of destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). In primary human articular chondrocytes, ectopic expression of lentiviral IGF‐II inhibited pro‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐1β‐induced NF‐κB activation as well as catabolic gene expression. Interestingly, IGF‐II did not significantly alter the phosphorylation states of ERK1/2 or Akt, which are kinases typically activated by IGF‐I. Instead, it induced the activity of phospholipase C (PLC) and a PLC inhibitor blocked the inhibitory activity of IGF‐II against IL‐1β, suggesting that this activity is mediated through PLC. Furthermore, IGF‐II increased cartilage matrix levels and decreased MMP13 protein expression in explanted human OA cartilage cultures in vitro. In the in vivo DMM model, intraarticular injection of lentiviral IGF‐II led to enhanced cartilage matrix levels and decreased MMP13 protein expression, as well as reduced osteophyte formation and subchondral bone sclerosis. Therefore, our results suggest that IGF‐II can promote cartilage integrity and halt knee joint destruction in OA. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2858–2869, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.