bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Induction of Complement C3a Receptor Responses by Kallikrein-Related Peptidase 14
Authors: Oikonomopoulou Katerina , DeAngelis Robert A. , Chen Hui , Diamandis Eleftherios P. , Hollenberg Morley D. , Ricklin Daniel , Lambris John D. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Activation of the complement system is primarily initiated by pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns on cellular surfaces. However, there is increasing evidence for direct activation of individual complement components by extrinsic proteinases as part of an intricate crosstalk between physiological effector systems. We hypothesized that kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs), previously known to regulate inflammation via proteinase-activated receptors, can also play a substantial role in innate immune responses via complement. Indeed, KLKs exemplified by KLK14 were efficiently able to cleave C3, the point of convergence of the complement cascade, indicating a potential modulation of C3-mediated functions. By using in vitro fragmentation assays, mass spectrometric analysis, and cell signaling measurements, we pinpointed the generation of the C3a fragment of C3 as a product with potential biological activity released by the proteolytic action of KLK14. Using mice with various complement deficiencies, we demonstrated that the intraplantar administration of KLK14 results in C3-associated paw edema. The edema response was dependent on the presence of the receptor for C3a but was not associated with the receptor for the downstream complement effector C5a. Our findings point to C3 as one of the potential substrates of KLKs during inflammation. Given the wide distribution of the KLKs in tissues and biological fluids where complement components may also be expressed, we suggest that via C3 processing, tissue-localized KLKs can play an extrinsic complement-related role during activation of the innate immune response.
Objectively Measuring Change across Time in Higher Education Assessment
Authors: Royal Kenneth , Gregg Justin 
Published: September 2013

AbstractInstitutional researchers and assessment professionals are often interested in measuring change across time, especially with data that were obtained via survey research. Unfortunately, measuring change across time poses a number of rather significant problems. For instance, the functioning of the survey items and/or rating scale may change, even in instances where the same instrument was previously administered. This can alter the substantive meaning of the findings. Further, when raw scores are misused as measures, this poses additional problems due to ambiguous frames of reference. This article provides an overview of an alternative approach to objectively measuring change across time, and provides a demonstration of this useful technique.
Going Big
Authors: Schlanger Sarah , MacDonell George , Larralde Signa , Stein Martin 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIn 2008, the Carlsbad Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) made a fundamental change in how they work with the energy industry in the Permian Basin of southeastern New Mexico, one of the nation's busiest “oil patches.” Through a collaborative effort that involved the Bureau of Land Management, the New Mexico State Historic Preservation Officer, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the Mescalero Apache Tribe, and industry representatives, they developed and implemented the Permian Basin Memorandum of Agreement (MOA). This agreement allows energy development proponents to contribute funds to archaeological research in lieu of spending an equivalent amount of money on traditional archaeological field survey. The mitigation program governs how BLM addresses long-term damage and cumulative impacts to archaeological resources as new development proceeds in the Permian Basin MOA area. Now in its fifth year, the program has succeeded in key ways: industry has gained control over schedules and time, while archaeologists have gained control over where and how they do archaeology. Key lessons have been learned along the way: The funding mechanisms of the program work well, but doing archaeology through a collaborative working group takes a lot of time and energy.
Impact of chemical exposure on cancer mortality in a French cohort of uranium processing workers
Authors: Zhivin Sergey , Laurier Dominique , Caër‐Lorho Sylvaine , Acker Alain , Guseva Canu Irina 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBackgroundNuclear workers may be exposed to a variety of chemical hazards, in addition to radiation. We examined the effect of chemical exposures on cancer mortality among French uranium processing workers at the AREVA NC Pierrelatte facility.MethodsA cohort of 2,897 uranium processing workers employed for at least 6 months was followed from 1968 through 2006. Exposure to uranium and potentially carcinogenic chemicals was assessed with a plant‐specific job‐exposure matrix. Mortality hazard ratios (HRs) for cancers of the lung, lymphohematopoietic system, kidney and bladder, brain and central nervous system (BCNS), and prostate were estimated for each specific chemical exposure, with Cox regression models stratified for sex and calendar period and adjusted for socioeconomic status. Additional adjustments enabled us to examine the effect of co‐exposure to uranium and other chemicals.ResultsExposure to aromatic solvents was associated with increased risk of BCNS malignancies after adjustment for other chemicals (HR = 6.53, 95% CI = 1.14–37.41; n = 6) and for other chemicals and uranium (HR = 7.26, 95% CI = 0.90–58.19) in the annual exposure status model. Selected groups of lymphohematopoietic cancers were found associated with solvent exposure. Inconclusive results were found regarding chromium (VI) exposure, since only 2 workers died from lung cancer among 109 exposed.ConclusionBased on our pilot study, it seemed important to take into account chemical exposures in the analyses of cancer mortality among French uranium processing workers. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:1262–1271, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gallate derivatives as antioxidant additives for polypropylene
Authors: Xin Mingliang , Ma Yujie , Xu Kai , Chen Mingcai 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTOctyl gallate (OG), dodecyl gallate (DG), and hexadecyl gallate (HG) were synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and NMR, and their thermal stability was measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The antioxidant effect of these derivatives in polypropylene (PP) was measured by oxidation induction temperature measurement on DSC, and by measurement of carbonyl groups in the polymer on attenuated total reflectance FTIR spectroscopy after they were aged at 120°C. The results indicated that the gallate derivatives could provide long‐term stabilization to PP under conditions of oxidative degradation. The antioxidant performance of HG with longer alkyl chain was superior to the OG and DG, making the former a good candidate to be used as antioxidant additive in PP. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39850.
Drying and curing behaviour of melamine formaldehyde resin impregnated papers
Authors: Kohlmayr Martin , Stultschnik Jörg , Teischinger Alfred , Kandelbauer Andreas 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTMelamine formaldehyde (MF) resins are widely used for the gluing and surface coating of wood‐based consumer products in the interior design of living environments. MF resins are especially relevant in decorative laminate applications because of their good performance‐to‐price ratio. In their industrial processing, an important intermediate state is the liquid MF prepolymer that is used for decorative paper impregnation. Here, the drying of impregnated papers is investigated with respect to premature curing. A new method to quantify water release upon drying that allows estimation of the degree of undesired precuring is described. Since curing proceeds via polycondensation, crosslinking brings about the release of water molecules. By thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), drying was studied in terms of water release due to physical drying (elimination of “dilution water”) and chemical crosslinking of the prepolymer to a three‐dimensional MF network (elimination of chemically liberated water). The results obtained by TGA/IR spectroscopic analysis of the liberated volatiles show that the emission of water from b‐stage MF can be clearly analytically separated into a physical (evaporation of dilution water) and a chemical (liberation via condensation) sequence. TGA experiments were correlated with curing experiments performed with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to estimate the residual crosslinking capacities of the impregnated papers. The drying conditions used during the preparation of impregnated decorative papers seemed to significantly affect their remaining reactivity only when harsh drying conditions were used. Upon heat exposure for prolonged time, precuring of the oligomer units results in a shift of the temperature maxima in TGA. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2014,131, 39860.
Microfluidic‐integrated biosensors: Prospects for point‐of‐care diagnostics
Authors: Kumar Suveen , Kumar Saurabh , Ali Md. Azahar , Anand Pinki , Agrawal Ved Varun , John Renu , Maji Sagar , Malhotra Bansi D. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThere is a growing demand to integrate biosensors with microfluidics to provide miniaturized platforms with many favorable properties, such as reduced sample volume, decreased processing time, low cost analysis and low reagent consumption. These microfluidics‐integrated biosensors would also have numerous advantages such as laminar flow, minimal handling of hazardous materials, multiple sample detection in parallel, portability and versatility in design. Microfluidics involves the science and technology of manipulation of fluids at the micro‐ to nano‐liter level. It is predicted that combining biosensors with microfluidic chips will yield enhanced analytical capability, and widen the possibilities for applications in clinical diagnostics. The recent developments in microfluidics have helped researchers working in industries and educational institutes to adopt some of these platforms for point‐of‐care (POC) diagnostics. This review focuses on the latest advancements in the fields of microfluidic biosensing technologies, and on the challenges and possible solutions for translation of this technology for POC diagnostic applications. We also discuss the fabrication techniques required for developing microfluidic‐integrated biosensors, recently reported biomarkers, and the prospects of POC diagnostics in the medical industry.
Metabolic engineering of aroma components in fruits
Authors: Aragüez Irene , Valpuesta Fernández Victoriano 
Published: September 2013

AbstractPlants have the ability to produce a diversity of volatile metabolites, which attract pollinators and seed dispersers and strengthen plant defense responses. Selection by plant breeders of traits such as rapid growth and yield leads, in many cases, to the loss of flavor and aroma quality in crops. How the aroma can be improved without affecting other fruit attributes is a major unsolved issue. Significant advances in metabolic engineering directed at improving the set of volatiles that the fruits emit has been aided by the characterization of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of flavor and aroma compounds in some fruits. However, before this technology can be successfully applied to modulate the production of volatiles in different crops, further basic research is needed on the mechanisms that lead to the production of these compounds in plants. Here we review the biosynthesis and function of volatile compounds in plants, and the attempts that have been made to manipulate fruit aroma biosynthesis by metabolic engineering. In addition, we discuss the possibilities that molecular breeding offers for aroma enhancement and the implications of the latest advances in biotechnological modification of fruit flavor and aroma.
Geranylation of Cyclic Dipeptides by the Dimethylallyl Transferase AnaPT Resulting in a Shift of Prenylation Position on the Indole Ring
Authors: Pockrandt Daniel , Li Shu‐Ming 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe dimethylallyl transferase AnaPT from Neosartorya fischeri is involved in the biosynthesis of acetylaszonalenin and catalyses the regioselective and stereospecific C3α‐prenylation of (R)‐benzodiazepinedione in the presence of dimethylallyl diphosphate. This enzyme also converts several tryptophan‐containing cyclic dipeptides to C3α‐prenylated indolines. In this study, we demonstrate the geranylation of (R)‐benzodiazepinedione and five other cyclic dipeptides by AnaPT in the presence of geranyl diphosphate (GPP). Interestingly, structure elucidation by NMR and MS analyses revealed that, with GPP, the geranyl moiety is attached to C‐6 or C‐7 rather than C‐3 of the indole ring of the enzyme products. For (R)‐benzodiazepinedione, one dominant C6‐geranylated derivative was obtained, whereas the other five substrates yielded both C6‐ and C7‐geranylated products. Neither acceptance of GPP by a dimethylallyl transferase from the dimethylallyltryptophan synthase superfamily, nor the alkylation shift from C‐3 to the benzene ring of the indole nucleus has been reported previously.
Potential Rearrangements in the Reaction Catalyzed by the Indole Prenyltransferase FtmPT1
Authors: Mahmoodi Niusha , Tanner Martin E. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe indole prenyltransferase FtmPT1 catalyzes the C‐2 normal prenylation of brevianamide F (cyclo‐L‐Trp‐L‐Pro) to give tryprostatin B. A previous structural analysis and studies with alternate substrates suggest that the reaction might not proceed through a direct C‐2 attack, but could involve a C‐3 prenylation followed by a rearrangement. In this work we investigated the reactivity of FtmPT1 with tryptophan, 5‐hydroxybrevianamide, and 2‐methylbrevianamide, and isolated products that had been reverse prenylated at C‐3 and normal prenylated at N‐1, C‐3, or C‐4. The formation of these products can be rationalized through mechanisms involving either an initial C‐3 normal or C‐3 reverse prenylation. In addition, we demonstrate that a C‐3 reverse prenylated indole can undergo a nonenzymatic aza‐Cope rearrangement at 37 °C to give an N‐1 normal prenylated product. Together, these studies broaden the known product scope of this interesting catalyst and suggest that alternative mechanisms might be operating.
Staging of the Fischer‐Tropsch Reactor with a Cobalt‐Based Catalyst
Authors: Rafiee A. , Hillestad M. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractA method for systematic reactor design, described by Hillestad [1], is applied to the Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis. The reactor path is sectioned into stages and design functions are optimized to maximize an objective function. Two different objective functions are considered: the yield of wax and a measure of the profitability. With the chosen kinetic model [2] and the path temperature constrained by 240 °C, staging of the Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis based on the first criteria will increase the yield of wax. By introducing the cost of heat transfer area in the objective function, the total heat transfer area requirement of a two‐stage reactor is significantly less than of a single‐stage reactor.
The Use of Atomic Force Microscopy in Investigating Particle Caking Mechanisms
Authors: Leaper M. C. , Prime D. C. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractSpray‐dried materials are being used increasingly in industries such as food, detergent and pharmaceutical manufacture. Spray‐dried sodium carbonate is an important product that has a great propensity to cake; its moisture‐sorption properties are very different to the crystalline and amorphous species, with a great affinity for atmospheric moisture. This work demonstrates how the noncontact surface analysis of individual particles using atomic force microscopy can highlight the possible mechanisms of unwanted agglomeration. The nondestructive nature of this method allows cycling of localised humidity in situ and repeated scanning of the same particle area. The resulting topography and phase scans showed that humidity cycling caused changes in the distribution of material phases that were not solely dependent on topographical changes.
Synthesis and Quantitative Analysis of Diastereomeric Linked Ester Conjugates With Remote Stereocenters Using High‐Field NMR and Chiral HPLC
Authors: Doyle Eva , Parve Jaan , Kudryashova Marina , Tamp Sven , Müürisepp Aleksander‐Mati , Villo Ly , Vares Lauri , Pehk Tõnis , Parve Omar 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTA stereochemically safe high‐yielding procedure for linking unprotected as well as protected hydroxycarboxylic acids to chiral secondary alcohols via glycolic acid linker is proposed. L‐menthol has been linked with both enantiomers of mandelic, malic, and methoxyphenylacetic acid using bromo‐ or iodoacetyl group as a precursor of the glycolic acid linker. High‐field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and chiral high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination of high diastereomeric ratio (dr) (>99%) of the products bearing remote stereocenters was explored. Chiral HPLC allowed quantitation of the diastereomers up to dr 99.9/0.1. High‐field NMR quantitation of the diastereomeric and parent alcoholic impurities in esters was demonstrated at the molar 0.3% and 0.03% levels, respectively. These analyses were done via comparison of integral intensities from major component 13C satellites in 1H or even in 13C spectra to the 1H or 13C signals of impurities. Despite lower sensitivity, the last option generally has much better selectivity. In this way the dynamic resolution is brought down by two orders. Chirality 25:793–798, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Empty‐headed dynamical model of infant visual foraging
Authors: Robertson Steven S. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractVisual foraging is one important way that very young infants explore and learn about their environment. We recently showed that a simple stochastic dynamical model acts quantitatively like free‐looking 1‐month‐old infants, even though it does not include any components that directly represent the perceptual‐cognitive processes that operate on the input from visual foraging. This suggested that early in development, generic low‐level processes like noise and hysteresis in the mechanisms controlling gaze may drive visual foraging behavior and therefore regulate the input to higher‐level perceptual‐cognitive processes that later come to have more influence on free looking. Here we evaluate the model's ability to behave like 3‐month‐olds studied under the same experimental conditions as 1‐month‐olds. The results show that the empty‐headed model can also behave like 3‐month‐old infants, although not as well as 1‐month‐olds. Its partial success at 3 months suggests that generic low‐level processes controlling gaze remain important in visual foraging. Its pattern of failure suggests that by 3 months time‐dependent processes like attention have become especially important. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 1129–1133, 2014.
Predicting developmental changes in internalizing symptoms: Examining the interplay between parenting and neuroendocrine stress reactivity
Authors: Kuhlman Kate R. , Olson Sheryl L. , Lopez‐Duran Nestor L. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTIn this study, we examined whether parenting and HPA‐axis reactivity during middle childhood predicted increases in internalizing symptoms during the transition to adolescence, and whether HPA‐axis reactivity mediated the impact of parenting on internalizing symptoms. The study included 65 children (35 boys) who were assessed at age 5, 7, and 11. Parenting behaviors were assessed via parent report at age 5 and 11. The child's HPA‐axis reactivity was measured at age 7 via a stress task. Internalizing symptoms were measured via teacher reports at age 5 and 11. High maternal warmth at age 5 predicted lower internalizing symptoms at age 11. Also, high reported maternal warmth and induction predicted lower HPA‐axis reactivity. Additionally, greater HPA‐axis reactivity at age 7 was associated with greater increases in internalizing symptoms from age 5 to 11. Finally, the association between age 5 maternal warmth and age 11 internalizing symptoms was partially mediated by lower cortisol in response to the stress task. Thus, parenting behaviors in early development may influence the physiological stress response system and therefore buffer the development of internalizing symptoms during preadolescence when risk for disorder onset is high. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 908–923, 2014.
Molecular Borophosphate Cages
Authors: Tönnemann Justus , Scopelliti Rosario , Severin Kay 
Published: September 2013

AbstractA synthetic procedure for the synthesis of two molecular borophosphate cages is described. Heating of ethyl phosphate with phenylboronic or 4‐formylboronic acid in toluene gives [6+6] condensation products of the general formula [EtOPO3BAr]6. Crystallographic analyses show that the compounds form cages, which can be described as dimers of 12‐membered (EtOPO3BAr)3 macrocycles. The successful incorporation of aldehyde functions on the cage exterior demonstrates that these borophosphates can be decorated with reactive groups.
Recent Developments in the Ferrier Rearrangement
Authors: Gómez Ana M. , Lobo Fernando , Uriel Clara , López J. Cristóbal 
Published: September 2013

AbstractGlycals (1,2‐unsaturated, cyclic carbohydrate derivatives) readily undergo (catalyzed) substitution reactions at C‐1 accompanied by allylic rearrangement. This reaction, currently named Ferrier rearrangement, or the Ferrier I reaction, has established itself as a useful synthetic tool for carbohydrate transformations. By means of this reaction, glycals can be converted into highly useful 2,3‐unsaturated glycosides. This review summarizes recent developments in the use of promoters for the Ferrier rearrangement of O‐, N‐, C‐ and S‐nucleophiles with glycals.
Selective Glycosylation with the Amino Sugar D‐Forosamine for the Synthesis of Spinosyns and Its Analogues
Authors: Tietze Lutz F. , Dietz Simone , Schützenmeister Nina , Biller Simon , Hierold Judith , Scheffer Timo , Baag Mohammad M. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractFor the synthesis of novel spinosyn analogues, the selective introduction of the 2‐deoxyamino sugar, D‐forosamine, necessary for their bioactivity, is described. The reactions of different alcohol acceptors with the D‐forosamine donor in the presence of iodine and Et3SiH gave the corresponding glycosides in yields of up to 96 % and with an α/β selectivity of 2:3.