bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Movable Oil and Free-Water Distribution in Heavy-Oil Sands, Llanos Basin, Colombia
Authors: Bustos Ulises , Salazar Giovanni , Aldana Ivan , Moreno Wilson , Zamora Henry 
Published: September 2014

AbstractColombia's Oil production is around 1.1 million barrels per day (bpd), where 57% is from Heavy Oil fields. Current oil recovery is in the 15% to 17% range; with targets to increase it up to 50% through different methods. A typical reservoir exhibits hydrocarbon viscosity variations in hundred of centipoises, with formation water salinity typically below 5000 ppm and heterogeneities driving a complex fluids distribution. Since the low amount of salt in these environments prevents low frequency conductive devices for contrasting water versus hydrocarbons, where additionally, resistivity profiles are ambiguous to assess fluids mobility in the reservoirs.In this context, the incorporation of additional physics of measurements opens a new perspective in the reservoir evaluation in Llanos basin, by reducing uncertainties and helping in the initial reservoir characterization. The new generation of wireline measurements supporting the present job is represented by multifrequency dielectric propagation, radial magnetic resonance and dynamic testers, in addition to the conventional triple combo logs.Since good-oil bearing rocks (high porosities and permeabilities, very clean sands, high oil saturations) do not guarantee oil production (very high water cut is likewise common), the identification of movable oil and free water volumes in low salinities is mandatory. Understanding its distribution across sands is also a critical factor in heavy oil environments.As a resistivity and salinity-independent reservoir evaluation approach, the combination of dielectric dispersion and radial magnetic resonance, provides a valuable sensitivity for the evaluation of displaced oil, free and irreducible water, viscosity and rock quality variations. Dielectric Dispersion is the variation of relative permittivity and conductivity versus frequency, enabling pore fluids determination. With a dielectric analysis at two depths of investigation, integrated with NMR-based diffusion mesurements, a direct identification of movable oil under filtrate invasion conditions and free water presence is achieved.The correlations encountered between the dielectric dispersion is encouraging; whereas a better understanding on the movable oil occurrence and estimation of the fluid to be moved during production is achieved. Discussions with case studies in Llanos Basin are presented in this paper.
Diversity oriented, efficient and sustainable synthetic protocol for the synthesis of structurally diverse drug-like complex heterocycles, incorporating privileged heterocyclic systems
Authors: Khandelwal Sarita , Rajawat Anshu , Tailor Yogesh Kumar , Jain Hemant Kumar , Kumar Mahendra 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA diversity oriented, efficient and sustainable synthetic protocol has been presented for the synthesis of structurally diverse drug-like small heterocycles with structural complexity. The present synthetic strategy involves a three-component domino reaction of 2-aminobenzothiazoles, thiophene-2-carbaldehyde and carbonyl compounds in the presence of a catalytic amount of sulfamic acid as a recyclable ecofriendly acid catalyst.
Upgrading the Network of High Mountain Shelter as A Method of Restoring of Demographically Endangered Settlements in the Slovenian Alps
Authors: Čerpes Ilka , Pandol Nina , Fikfak Alenka 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The paper focuses on the interdependence between the development of demographically endangered settlements and the frequency of mountain accidents in the Triglav National Park in the Slovenian Alps. Using statistical data analyses of the Mountain Rescue Association of Slovenia, field surveys and spatial information of the Surveying and Mapping Authority of the Republic of Slovenia, conclusions were reached, which redefined the existing settlement pattern of alpine shelters and mountain pastures, to encourage safe mountaineering and the development of tourism. The upgraded network of Alpine posts is designed as an upgrade of the existing system of providing safety for the visitors to the high mountain regions of the Triglav National Park. At the same time, it offers a new format of tourist services as an opportunity to develop local economies in demographically endangered environments. The dual function (rescue services and tourism) reduces investment and maintenance costs and increases the efficiency in the exploitation of the network of paths and Alpine posts, hence it is feasible also in demographically endangered areas. It is one of the operational tools for stopping further decline in population.
Sociological Research of Rural Areas in the Czech Republic and Cooperating Among Experts
Authors: Sálus Jiří , Maříková Pavlína , Kment Petr 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
This paper is aimed at relations among experts concerned with rural sociology in the Czech Republic. The research was focused on their troubles with cooperation and access to essential information for empirical and theoretical survey of the society in Czech rural space. The research is based on qualitative approach. Semistructured interviews with experts from scientific and academic sphere and documents study were used as the data collection. The goal of this research is to encourage the rural scientific community and to answer questions related to troubles in cooperation.
Should Renaturalised and Recultivated Landscapes Appear in Landscape Typology?
Authors: Luc Małgorzata , Szmańda Jacek 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Landscapes constantly change under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors. They can be destructive as well as leading to regeneration of landscapes which have been imbalanced. When this process occurs in a natural or human-controlled manner with the use of natural elements of the environment, it is called renaturalisation, and the resulting landscape - renaturalised landscape. Where landscape restitution occurs under the purposeful, sustainable and rational human influence, we talk of the recultivation process and the resulting landscape is termed recultivated. Examples of both of these terms added to landscape classification have been described based on several quarries existing within the City of Krakow.
The New Features of Landslide Relief Discovered Using Lidar – Case Study from Babia Góra Massif, Western Carpathian Mountains
Authors: Łajczak Adam , Czajka Barbara , Kaczka Ryszard J. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Basing on LiDAR data, the re-interpretation of the limit and distribution of the selected landslide forms in 9 test areas were carried out. The forms are located at the slopes of the monoclinal ridge of Babia Góra Mt. (1,725 m a.s.l.) in the flysch Western Carpathians. The earlier knowledge on these landforms is shown in the unpublished map at the scale of 1:5,000 which was prepared basing on geomorphological mapping. Basing on the newest information source, subtle geomorphic signatures of landslides were found, the dynamics of these forms and directions of their further development were determined. Local differentiation of deep-seated landslides was indicated according to the relation between the sandstone layer dip and slope inclination, slope length, and altitude of the location of headwaters. An attention was paid to polycyclic relief of the highest located landslide forms, which contain the elements of glacial and nival morphology, and some are modelled by debris flows.
Late Spring Freezes in Poland in Relation to Atmospheric Circulation
Authors: Ustrnul Zbigniew , Wypych Agnieszka , Winkler Julie A. , Czekierda Danuta 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Late spring freeze events, a significant agroclimatic hazard, are investigated for Poland. Daily minimum air temperatures from 184 stations for the period 1951-2010 were used to analyze the frequency and conditional probability of late spring freezes. In addition, three classification schemes were employed to investigate the atmospheric circulation responsible for late spring freezes events. The findings suggest that knowledge of the airflow influencing late spring freezes can help to understand the complex historical trends and projected future changes in freeze risk for perennial crops
Long-Term, Seasonal and Short-Term Fluctuations in the Water Level of the Southern Baltic Sea
Authors: Wolski Tomasz , Wiśniewski Bernard 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Aim of this work are analyses of oscillations sea levels in the Southern Baltic on a scale of short-term changes, seasonal and long-term (age). The study was based on observational data in different periods time for tide gauges station of the Polish coast. On the example of some storm situations presents the part of the baric wave and the wind in the formation of extreme sea levels. The primary cause of the annual variability of sea levels was the characteristics of the annual and semi-annual oscillations (the annual and semi-annual solar tide). In the work also determined the rate of long-term sea-level rise for the Polish coast.
Staff experience and attitudes towards Technology Enhanced Learning initiatives in one Faculty of Health & Life Sciences
Authors: Reed Peter 
Published: September 2014

Further to earlier work carried out by the student union (SU) along with strategic discussions regarding technology-enhanced learning (TEL), this research aimed to identify the attitudes and experience of teaching staff in relation to specific uses of technology in learning and teaching. Data obtained through an online questionnaire (n=100) suggest that teaching staff are generally agreeable to the need for consistency in the virtual learning environment and identify specific criteria to be included within ‘minimum standards’; have some experience and interest in solutions to enable online submission, marking and feedback; and whilst there is more resistance, there was still interest in the provision of recorded lectures. Respondents overwhelmingly identified lack of time as a significant barrier to engaging with TEL, as well as other factors such as lack of skills and support.Keywords: attitudes; experience; TEL; minimum standards; lecture capture; online submission; e-marking(Published: 22 September 2014)Citation: Research in Learning Technology 2014, 22: 22770 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/rlt.v22.22770
Vers une critique du sens : sémiose en traduction
Authors: D’Asprer Núria 
Published: September 2014

La question du sens fait l’objet d’un débat traductologique de longue date, mais une problématisation s’avère nécessaire afin de rendre compte de la complexité que le concept recouvre et de ses conséquences sur le plan de la pratique traduisante. En retraçant certaines de ses principales formalisations et en les confrontant à des concepts apparentés, nous souhaitons ouvrir la voie à une réflexion utile au regard du texte, de son interprétation et, a fortiori, de la traduction. Les concepts de sens et de signification, que le langage courant tend à assimiler, sous-tendent pourtant des implications variées, comme en témoignent les nombreuses approches (linguistique, sémantique, sémiotique, psychanalytique), ainsi que les controverses conceptuelles qu’ils ont suscitées. Notre objet n’est pas d’entrer dans le vif de ces débats, mais d’examiner la corrélation entre certaines conceptions du sens héritières du structuralisme et une tendance qui domine le panorama actuel de la traduction. La complexité réelle des textes, la portée symbolique du langage, ce qui se dégage du fait de la polysémie et des textures d’iconicité de l’écriture, nous conduit à accorder la priorité à une conception dynamique du sens. Aussi notre approche de la traduction s’inspirera-t-elle d’une visée non immanente de celui-ci et, plus particulièrement, du concept de sémiose, ou signification en acte, élaboré par Charles Sanders Peirce. Plus pertinente au regard de la signification contextuelle, la productivité signifiante envisagée par Peirce rejoint le concept de chaîne signifiante formalisé par Jacques Lacan : le concept même de signifiant, fondé par le psychanalyste à partir de la désignation saussurienne, mais bien plus proche du signe ou representamen de Peirce, pourrait ouvrir une piste pour explorer la nature complexe des processus de signification et le rapport de ceux-ci avec la traduction. Nos hypothèses seront présentées avec, à l’appui, quelques exemples de traduction (français-espagnol) de textes littéraires modernistes ou post-modernes.
Le domaine vitivinicole en France et en Espagne : similitudes et variabilité conceptuelles
Authors: Ibáñez Rodríguez Miguel 
Published: September 2014

Les domaines vitivinicoles français et espagnol sont très proches. Les réseaux conceptuels correspondants peuvent sembler à première vue identiques. Cependant, il y a des différences. L’objet du présent travail est d’étudier la variabilité conceptuelle entre les deux domaines afin d’en analyser les implications terminologiques et traductionnelles. Cette réflexion est nécessaire pour éviter notamment des équivalences erronées. Nous traiterons de différents plans de variabilité : des concepts, des objets et des communautés de travail. Après avoir établi les concepts principaux structurant le domaine vitivinicole, leur organisation conceptuelle est étudiée, puis les entités et les activités spécifiques des deux domaines sont analysées de manière contrastive.
Deformations Experienced in the Human Skin, Adipose Tissue, and Fascia in Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine
Authors: Chaudhry Hans , Bukiet Bruce , Ji Zhiming , Stecco Antonio , Findley Thomas W. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

Context: Osteopathic manipulative medicine techniques involve compressive and tangential forces to target the fascia. These forces are transmitted to the skin and adipose tissue before the fascia is encountered. Knowing the extent of deformation of these 2 tissue layers relative to the fascia will assist osteopathic physicians in evaluating techniques for manual therapies and adjusting these therapies to reduce patient discomfort and improve results.

Objective: To determine the magnitude of the forces transmitted to the skin, adipose tissue, and fascia, and to determine the magnitude of deformation produced in the skin and adipose tissue relative to the fascia using a mathematical model.

Methods: The large deformation theory of elasticity, valid for 3-dimensional deformations, was used to evaluate the forces that need to be applied such that a specified deformation is produced in any region of the skin, adipose tissue, or fascia layers. Similarly, if the forces are specified, then the deformation produced can be determined.

Results: The normal and tangential forces required to produce a deformation of 9% compression and 4% shear for the skin were 50 N and 11 N, respectively. Normal and tangential forces of about 100 N and 22 N were found for a similar deformation of fascia. For adipose tissue, these forces were 36 N and 8 N, respectively. In addition, the skin experienced more compression and shear—about 1.5 times as much as the fascia, and the adipose tissue experienced about 2.5 to 3.5 times the deformation of the fascia and 50% more than the skin when a given force was applied to the skin.

Conclusion: The forces applied to the surface of the skin were transmitted through this layer and the adipose layer entirely to the fascia. Therefore, the skin and adipose tissue experienced the same magnitude of force as the fascia. However, the skin and adipose tissue experienced more compression and shear than the fascia.
Acceptance of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Patients, Attitudes About Their Treatment, and Related Medical Knowledge Among Osteopathic Medical Students
Authors: Lapinski Jessica , Sexton Patricia , Baker Lauren 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

Context: Limited research exists on the health issues faced by lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) patients, as viewed in the context of osteopathic medical education. A full understanding of current medical students' acceptance of, attitudes toward, and knowledge of these issues could lead to the development and incorporation of curricula focusing on the care of LGBT patients into colleges of osteopathic medicine (COMs).

Objective: To determine among osteopathic medical students the levels of acceptance of LGBT patients, attitudes toward treating this population, and medically relevant knowledge about their distinct health-related issues.

Methods: In August 2012, students at 6 COMs were sent an e-mail invitation that contained basic information about the study and a link providing access to an anonymous Web-based survey. Standard scales used in previous studies were compiled and individualized into 130 items for the purposes of the present study.

Results: Of the 4112 osteopathic medical students contacted, 1698 (41.3%) entered the survey and 1335 (32.5%) completed it. Two hundred respondents (15%) self-identified as having a sexual orientation on the lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) spectrum. Although respondents generally had favorable levels of acceptance of LGBT patients and positive attitudes toward treatment of this population, self-identified LGB students had even greater acceptance of LGBT patients (P<.001) and more positive attitudes toward their treatment (P<.001). When medically relevant knowledge of issues related to the health of LGBT patients was assessed, 125 respondents (12.9%) obtained a passing score of 7 or higher, with LGB students scoring significantly higher than students whose self-identified sexual orientation was heterosexual only (P=.01). Differences in the levels of acceptance of (P=.008), treatment attitudes toward (P=.001), and relevant medical knowledge (P=.05) pertaining to LGBT patients were noted between respondents from the 6 COMs.

Conclusion: The results suggest that even though osteopathic medical students had mostly positive personal attitudes and treatment attitudes toward LGBT patients, some disparities were still present. Also, students lacked adequate knowledge of the unique medical issues faced by the LGBT population. In the future, students should be given more training to effectively treat LGBT patients and their health-related issues.
A Call to Include Medical Humanities in the Curriculum of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine and in Applicant Selection
Authors: Hoff Gary , Hirsch Norma J. , Means J. Jeffrey , Streyffeler Lisa 
Published: September 2014

AbstractMedicine stands at a crossroad. Disruptive physician behavior has increased, and patient satisfaction has decreased. A growing body of knowledge demonstrates that the medical humanities assist in the creation of compassionate, resilient physicians. Incorporating medical humanities into the medical school curriculum promotes the development of compassionate, culturally sensitive physicians, and also encourages the development of resilience in health care professionals at a time when internal and external pressures on physicians are increasing.
Secondary Pseudoainhum in a Patient With Turner Syndrome
Authors: Davis Brady S. , Harris Scott , Forman Mitchell D. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Secondary pseudoainhum is an autoamputation that develops in individuals aged approximately 20 to 50 years and is caused by diseases such as keratodermas, trauma, or congenital factors. The authors report a novel case of secondary pseudoainhum in a patient with Turner syndrome (45,X) who presented with bandlike constrictions in the toes bilaterally. To the authors' knowledge, secondary pseudoainhum has not been reported to be associated with Turner syndrome. However, physicians should be aware of this potentially deforming disease in patients with Turner syndrome.
Correlation between ionospheric strong range spread F and scintillations observed in Vanimo station
Authors: Wang Z. , Shi J. K. , Torkar K. , Wang G. J. , Wang X. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractData from the ionospheric scintillation monitor and ionosonde at the low‐latitude station Vanimo (2.7°S, 141.3°E; dip latitude 11°S) in the Southern Hemisphere in 2003 were statistically analyzed to study the correlation between scintillations and strong range spread F (SSF). The results showed that the observed SF had four types: frequency spread F, mixed spread F, range spread F (RSF), and strong range spread F (SSF). SSF and scintillations usually occurred simultaneously and had nearly the same periods and similar trends. Only the SSF had a high correlation (coefficient 0.7199) with the scintillation, while the other three types of SF were uncorrelated with the scintillation. This implies that the SSF has a different physical mechanism from the RSF, and both the SSF and the scintillation are caused by equatorial plasma bubbles. This is important for us to understand the physical mechanisms of the irregularities in the low‐latitude ionosphere.
A first estimation of SMOS‐based ocean surface T‐S diagrams
Authors: Sabia Roberto , Klockmann Marlene , Fernández‐Prieto Diego , Donlon Craig 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA first estimation of satellite‐based ocean surface T‐S diagrams is performed by using SMOS Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) and OSTIA Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and comparing them with in situ measurements interpolated fields obtained by the Argo‐buoys for the North Atlantic and over the entire year 2011. The key objectives at the base of this study are: (1) To demonstrate the feasibility of generating routinely satellite‐derived surface T‐S diagrams, obviating the lack of extensive sampling of the surface open ocean, (2) To display the T‐S diagrams variability and the distribution/dynamics of SSS, altogether with SST and the relative density with respect to in situ measurements, and (3) To assess the SMOS SSS data added value in detecting geophysical signals not sensed/resolved by the Argo measurements. To perform the latter analysis, the satellite‐Argo mismatches have been overlapped with geophysical parameters of precipitation rates, surface heat and freshwater fluxes and wind speed data. Ongoing and future efforts focus on enlarging the study area and the temporal frame of the analysis and aim at developing a method for the systematic identification of surface water masses formation areas by remotely sensed data.