bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance of exportin-5 in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Hao , Li Fei , Wang Bo-Shen , Zhu Bao-Li 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. As liver cancer often presents no noticeable symptoms in its early stages, most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, complicating treatment. Therefore, the identification of new biomarkers is crucial for the early detection and treatment of HCC. Research on exportin-5 (XPO5) could offer new avenues for early diagnosis and improve treatment strategies.
AIM
To explore the role of XPO5 in HCC progression and its potential as a prognostic biomarker.
METHODS
This study assessed XPO5 mRNA expression in HCC using The Cancer Genome Atlas, TIMER, and International Cancer Genome Consortium databases, correlating it with clinical profiles and disease progression. We performed in vitro experiments to examine the effect of XPO5 on liver cell growth. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and Gene Ontology were used to elucidate the biological roles and signaling pathways. We also evaluated XPO5’s impact on immune cell infiltration and validated its prognostic potential using machine learning.
RESULTS
XPO5 was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues, correlating with tumor grade, T-stage, and overall survival, indicating poor prognosis. Enrichment analyses linked high XPO5 expression with tumor immunity, particularly CD4 T cell memory activation and macrophage M0 infiltration. Drug sensitivity tests identified potential therapeutic agents such as MG-132, paclitaxel, and WH-4-023. Overexpression of XPO5 in HCC cells, compared to normal liver cells, was confirmed by western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The lentiviral transduction-mediated knockdown of XPO5 significantly reduced cell proliferation and metastasis. Among the various machine learning algorithms, the C5.0 decision tree algorithm achieved accuracy rates of 95.5% in the training set and 92.0% in the validation set.
CONCLUSION
Our analysis shows that XPO5 expression is a reliable prognostic indicator for patients with HCC and is significantly associated with immune cell infiltration.
Immune effect and prognosis of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and tyrosine kinase inhibitors therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Guo Yuan , Li Ru-Chun , Xia Wei-Li , Yang Xiong , Zhu Wen-Bo , Li Fang-Ting , Hu Hong-Tao , Li Hai-Liang 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND
The combination of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has shown broad prospects in prolonging the survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TACE and TKIs can affect the immune microenvironment in patients with HCC.
AIM
To determine the overall effects and differences between TACE and different TKIs combinations on the immune microenvironment.
METHODS
Data and immune cell profile test results from 213 HCC patients treated with TACE combined with apatinib, lenvatinib, sorafenib, or donafenib before and after 3 wk of treatment were collected. Monocytes were co-cultured with LM3 liver cancer cells, and their ability to inhibit cancer cell growth was analyzed using the MTT method and a nude mouse subcutaneous tumorigenesis experiment. Simulated combined therapy was done using an in situ liver cancer C57BL/6 male mouse model, and the immune response of tumor tissues was analyzed using immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS
Compared to before combination therapy, the proportion of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)+ mononuclear cells and the number of CD4+ T cells decreased in the TACE + apatinib group, while the number of absolute count of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells increased in the TACE + lenvatinib group. Furthermore, the number of regulatory cells decreased in the TACE + donafenib group, whereas the number of CD8+ T and natural killer cells increased. Additionally, monocytes in the TACE combined with donafenib or lenvatinib groups had a stronger ability to inhibit cancer cell growth than those in the other groups. Combining TACE with donafenib or lenvatinib increased CD8+ T cell infiltration into the tumor tissue. In addition, the proportion of PD-1+ in CD8+ cells, absolute CD8+ T lymphocyte count, and regulatory T cells proportion were independent prognostic factors affecting the survival time of patients with HCC.
CONCLUSION
TACE, in combination with different TKIs, produces different immune responses. Specifically, TACE combined with donafenib or lenvatinib may induce strong anti-tumor immune responses.
Influence Of Anchor Borrowers’ Scheme On Rice Production In Northern Agricultural Zone, Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Adie Alawa David , Betiang Adie John 
Published: July 2024

The study determined the influence of capacity utilization and poverty alleviation initiatives of Achor Borrowers’ Sheme on rice production in Northern Agricultural Zone, Cross River State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study sought to determine the influence of capacity utilization and poverty alleviation initiatives of Anchor Borrowers’ Scheme on rice production in the study area. Two null hypotheses were tested at .05 level of significance. Ex-post Facto research design was adopted for the study with a population of 3574 registered rice farmers and 30 RIFAN Coordinators in Northern Agricultural Zone, Cross River State with a sample of 381 respondents involved in the study. Capacity Utilization Initiative of Anchor Borrowers Scheme on Rice Production Questionnaire (CUIABSRPQ) was used for data collection and was face validated by three experts. The reliability of the instrument was determined using Cronbach Alpha method and a coefficient of .87 was obtained. Data collected was analyzed using means to answer the research questions and independent t-test statistic to test the null hypotheses. The results revealed that respondents agreed that the Anchor Borrowers Scheme influenced has influence their capacity utilization and poverty alleviation initiatives on rice production. Findings from the test of hypotheses revealed a no significant difference in the mean ratings of respondents on the influence of capacity utilization and poverty alleviation initiatives of Anchor Borrowers’ Scheme on rice production in the study area (t=1.58; p-value 0.42) and (t=.84 p-value 0.40) respectively. It was concluded that Anchor Borrowers’ Scheme builds capacity and poverty initiatives

of farmers and influence their rice production abilities. It was recommended that federal Governments extend the Anchor Borrower’s scheme to other invaluable crops such as maize and cocoa, groundnut among others because of the economic benefits accruable from the scheme to farmers
Assessment Of Soil Quality For Sustainable Land Management Using Machine Learning And Digital Soil Mapping Techniques In Obudu Cattle Ranch, Nigeria
Authors: S M Afu , D M Olim , A I Afangide , V F Ediene , A I Akpama , S B Bisong 
Published: July 2024

Soil quality assessment is essential to know variation in nutrient concentrations within landscape for sustainable soil management. This study assessed soil quality in Obudu cattle ranch using machine learning and digital techniques. A total of 60 composite soil samples (0–30 cm depth) were collected at intervals of 200–500 m and selected soil physicochemical properties were determined. Digital elevation model (DEM) and Sentinel-2 satellite imageries were obtained, processed and applied for modelling. Soil quality was measured using total dataset (TDS) and minimum dataset (MDS). Linear (L) and non-linear (NL) scoring functions were applied, yielding four indices, MDS_L, MDS_NL, TDS_L and TDS_NL. Sixteen soil quality indicators (SQI) were used as TDS and were further screened for MDS using principal component analysis (PCA). Multiple linear regression was used to predict soil quality index in unsampled locations. The result showed that the soils were sandy loam, loam and sandy clay loam in texture. pH ranged from strongly acidic to slightly acidic. Soil organic carbon, CEC and base saturation were high while available P, exchangeable cations, exchangeable acidity as well as ECEC were low. The mean estimated soil quality for MDS_L, MDS_NL, TDS_L and TDS_NL were 0.415, 0.51, 0.42, and 0.49 respectively. MDS_NL model was the best model in predicting soil quality index in the area. All the models showed almost similar spatial distribution, with a high soil quality region mostly found in the southwestern part while low soil quality areas were located mostly in the central part and northwestern part of Obudu Mountain Resort. The soil quality prediction class showed moderate class (class III) to be the dominant class covering greater part of the area with MDS_NL model. The predictive maps derived from this study should serve as a guide in the establishment of regionalized soil nutrient management programmes.
Exploring The Feasibility Of Implementing Formulated Complementary Diets In Real-World Settings To Address Malnutrition In Young Children
Authors: Olusegun Ajala Lawrence , Ajuka Obasi Nwogo , Okereke Ibe Chukwuma , Oko Obinna Vincent , Albert Anyiam Chukwudum , Chioma Anyiam Cynthia 
Published: July 2024

Malnutrition significantly impacts a child's growth, development, and overall survival. To address this issue beyond the age of six months, this study developed three distinct dietary supplements to complement breast milk for early-age children. Comprehensive multivariate assessments were conducted to evaluate the nutritional quality and safety of these infant diets, employing established standard methods. The findings revealed that the diets exhibited carbohydrate and protein contents ranging from 2.84 to 32.48% and 40.66 to 63.23%, respectively. Importantly, the diets contained low levels of tannins, phytate, and oxalate. Notably, the high corn diet exhibited significantly higher mineral elements, including calcium, magnesium, potassium, and iron (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in bulk density and swelling capacity, but the medium corn diet displayed higher water absorption capacity and least gelation (p < 0.05). These diets were found to contain essential amino acid and vitamin requirements, conforming to FAO/WHO reference values. The sensory analysis yielded ratings within acceptable limits using a 9-point hedonic scale. Moreover, microbial load assessments complied with international microbiological standards (≤105 cfu/ml). These cost-effective and nutritionally sound dietary options present a pragmatic solution to addressing nutritional challenges faced by infants and children in developing nations.
Histomorphological study of the effect of methanol leaf extract of <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> (Tobacco) on substantia nigra par reticularis in Wistar rats.
Authors: Wahab A.O. , Hamman W.O. , Agbon A.N. , Akpulu P.S. , Sadam A.A. 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Smokeless or “Spit” are products of tobacco without combustion or pyrolysis at the time of use and the consumption of smokeless tobacco products continue to grow globally in form of dipping, snuffing, chewing and sniffing. The neurotoxic effect of tobacco is well documented. The Substantia nigra par reticularis, an important basal nuclei structure sets the pattern for facilitation of voluntary movements of the body. This study assessed the effect of methanol leaf extract of Nicotiana tabacum (MLNT) on histomorphological studies of the substantia nigra par reticularis in Wistar rats.
METHODOLOGY: Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (A-D, n=5). Group A was the control group treated with Tween 80 and Olive oil which served as vehicle for dissolution of MLNT. Groups B-D was treated with 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg MLNT respectively. Treatment was done for orally for four weeks. At the end of the experiment, the harvested brain tissue was weight before been processed for histological analysis. The body weight and the brain organosomatic index was computed and analyzes statistically using Statistical Package for social Science (IBM SPSS) Version 25.0.
RESULTS: Results obtained for the body weight show no statistical significant difference between the initial and the final weight when compared to the control and also, the brain organosomatic index significant increase (p<0.05) in all treated groups when compared to the control, especially with MLNT (200 mg/kg). Histological and histochemical observations showed neurodegeneration in all treated groups when compared to the control.
CONCLUSION: Finding from this studies revealed that MLNT could act as a potential neurotoxicant that can cause the acceleration of neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra par reticularis of Wistar rats thereby altered the coordination of motor activity.
Ouverture de “New Perspectives in Global Competition”
Authors: Brondoni Silvio M. , Risso Mario 
Published: July 2024

The decline of international competitiveness of European companies began in the early 1970s and since then there has been no reversal of the trend. In recent years, also due to the growing concentration of investments caused by the 'Oversize Economy' (Brondoni, 2019), the degree of technological advancement of Europe, the United States and China has lost all relationship with the size of their respective Gross National Product. In fact, investments in technology grow when the resources of a large developed or developing market are coordinated by a system of large corporations and finalized by a policy of applied research put at the service of a design capable of mobilizing the resources of an entire country.
ETNIK-BAG‘RIKENGLIK-MILLATLARARO MUNOSABATLARNI TARTIBGA SOLISH-NING ASOSIY MEXANIZMI SIFATIDA
Authors: Matnazarova Muhayyo 
Published: July 2024

Mazkur maqolada “etnikbag’rikenglik” tushunchalarining paydo bo‘lishi, mazmuni, shakllanishi, rivojlanishiga oid zamonaviy konsepsiyalar, nazariyalar, “millatlararo munosabtlar” tushunchasi tuzilmasi va ularning namoyon bo‘lish shakllari, farqli jihatlari va dialektik aloqadorlik masalalari, bu borada xorijiy va milliy doiradagi izlanishlar ilmiy o‘rganilgan, tadqiq etilgan ilmiy fikrlar tizimlashtirilib, bu borada tadqiqot doirasida xulosa va tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan.
АНТРОПОЦЕНТРИЧЕСКИЕ ПОСЛОВИЦЫ И ИХ РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ В АНГЛИЙСКОМ, РУССКОМ, УЗБЕКСКОМ, КАЗАХСКОМ ЯЗЫКАХ
Authors: Камбарова Маржан 
Published: July 2024

Пословицы интересны не только как единицы языка и речи, но и как средство познания национального характера народа, как хранилище разнообразной лингвокультурологической информации. Пословицы заключают в себе совокупность мнений, выработанных народом как лингвокультурной общностью. Все пословицы имеют антропоцентрическую направленность, так как их значение, назидательность, нравоучительность направлены на человека. В пословицах о человеке представлены его главные особенности – мышление, говорение, трудолюбие или лень, социальный статус, его отношение к людям, к окружающей природе и т.д. В статье рассматривается выражение понятия человек в антропоцентрических пословицах. Материалом исследования служат пословицы разносистемных языков: английского, русского, узбекского, казахского языков, в которых понятие человек имеет как общечеловеческие, так и национально-культурные особенности.
CHET TILI O'QITISHDA ADABIYOTDAN FOYDALANISHNING AHAMIYATI
Authors: Qayimova Nargiza 
Published: July 2024

Ushbu maqolada chet tili darslarida adabiy manbalardan foydalanishning ahamiyati o‘rganilgan va tadqiqot mobaynida xorijiy til sinflarida to‘g‘ri tanlangan adabiy materiallardan foydalanishning ahamiyatini o‘rganish va ta’kidlashga asosiy diqqat qaratilgan. Adabiyot chet tilini o‘qitishning muhim va foydali vositasi hisoblanadi. Adabiyotdan foydalanish jarayonida o'qish, yozish, tinglash va gapirish kabi to'rtta asosiy til ko'nikmalarini kompleks tarzda o'rgatish kerak. Og'zaki va yozma muloqotni nafaqat og'zaki va yozma nutqning bir jihati sifatida emas, balki tildan foydalanishning ajralmas qismi sifatida ko’rib chiqish lozim. Til o’qitish jarayonida til ko'nikmalarini o'z ichiga olgan manbalarfdan foydalangan holda o’rganuvchilarning til o’rganish jarayonini yanada samarali va qiziqarli tashkil etishga erishish mumkin va bu jarayonda ular xorijiy tilda ishlatiladigan so'zlar, iboralar va jumlalarni real kontekstda foydalanishini o’rganadilar.
Les « mémoires » huguenots au lendemain de la Révocation
Authors: Bake Nora 
Published: July 2024

Ce bref article évoque quelques arguments clés de la thèse de doctorat de l’autrice, « Proud Humility: Paradoxes of Representation in Huguenot Memoir », soutenue en novembre 2023. Y sont également présentés quelques découvertes faites dans les archives au cours de ses recherches doctorales. Celles-ci se sont concentrées sur les documents autobiographiques écrits par des protestants qui se sont réfugiés dans divers pays d’Europe au lendemain de la révocation de l’édit de Nantes. Le corpus de thèse est organisé selon trois axes : dans un premier temps, il est question des récits des femmes qui ont été temporairement emprisonnées, après avoir été arrêtées par les forces françaises au cours d’une tentative de traverser la frontière avec la Suisse. Dans un deuxième temps, sont examinés les mémoires des protestants qui ont été condamnés aux galères durant la dernière partie du règne de Louis XIV. La troisième partie se penche sur l’écriture des réfugiés qui ont mis l’accent sur le processus d’assimilation une fois installés dans leur pays d’accueil.La thèse insiste sur l’importance de ces récits comme outils inspirant la réflexion et l’interrogation de soi dans un monde flou et incertain. Le domaine théorétique de cette recherche se situe donc dans le champ d’études de l’histoire des émotions.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Sosial Terhadap Perubahan Perilaku Masyarakat di Desa Tuntungan II
Authors: Hasanatul Mardliyah Br Tambunan  , Wahinadya Adinti Maghfira  , Fathir Syah Amir Sitompul  , Azmi Alfaiz Nur  , Salsabillah Sinaga  , Khadizah Rania Cahyani  , Rifki Adriansa Yoes  
Published: July 2024

Media sosial telah menjadi alat yang memungkinkan individu berinteraksi dengan mudah tanpa terikat waktu, jarak, lokasi, atau biaya tambahan. Penggunaan teknologi ini menjadi penting bagi masyarakat dan mempunyai dampak positif dan negatif terhadap perubahan budaya dan sosial.Pengaruhnya terlihat jelas pada perubahan norma, kebiasaan, dan sikap yang lambat laun terkikis oleh kemajuan media massa dan digantikan oleh pola perilaku baru.Terus berkembangnya teknologi, khususnya di bidang media sosial, menuntut masyarakat untuk berhati-hati agar tidak terjebak pada dampak negatifnya. Hasil penelitian ini dilakukan di sekitar desa Tuntungan II. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa dan warga desa Tuntungan II yang berjumlah 30 orang, berdasarkan data yang dikumpulkan melalui perangkat angket dengan menggunakan skala likert. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata skor 10 soal Survei Persepsi Mahasiswa dan Masyarakat adalah 90%, termasuk kriteria strong match.
Lhokseumawe تنفيذ البيئة اللغوية فى معهد علوم الدين
Authors: Aina Salsabila  
Published: July 2024

Bi’ah lughawiyah is the environment in which Arabic is practiced and used. Language practice is an important element in the teaching and learning process to achieve specific educational goals. Each practice needs the environment and the field to be applied. Practice can be adapted and trained in learning Arabic and applying it to students. And the frequent practice raises the success of learning as appropriate. To apply the language, there must be an environment in which students speak and dialog in Arabic, so that the language is effective. The objectives of this research are to know the teachers' attempts to form the linguistic environment, to know about the programs offered by teachers and students in the application of language, and to know about the difficulties of applying language activities in the language environment applied by Ulumuddin Boarding School at Lhokseumawe. The research methodology was descriptive, and the research instrument used to collect data were interview, observation and questionnaire. The results of the research are (1) teachers are made the linguistic environment in the practice of speaking and reading in Arabic for students. (2) The programs provided by teachers and students in the application of the Arabic language is commonly Arabic speech, and the holding of Arab Fawazir, and requires students to memorize the vocabulary every day, and they speak the Arabic language every day. (3) The difficulties of applying language activities in the linguistic environment in this boarding school are the basic competence of the students on the Arabic language was inadequate, the lack of educational means, lack of student mastery of Nahwu and Sharf's understanding, shame (lack of confidence) and fear of conversation errors students' mastery of vocabulary
استخدام كتاب "في التطبيق النحوي والصرفي" بالطريقة القياسية في ترقية سيطرة الطلبة على الجملة الاسمية بـ معهد دار العلوم بندا أتشية
Authors: Kasful Anwar  
Published: July 2024

Every “kalam” in Arabic is a sentence “jumlah”. The ability of student to express something in their mind’s, or their heart’s, or convey the idea, or giving information to other, or reading comprehension, or daring to speak with Arabs, or interaction with other is affected by understanding of the “jumlah”. The problem which experienced by student in class Va in Darul Ulum Islamic Boarding School is understanding of “jumlah ismiyah” was still little bit. Therefore, expected to teachers who teach nahwu’s lesson to use a method or a correspond’s book. And name of the book is at- Tathbiq an-Nahwi wa as-Sharfi. The aim of this research is to know effectiveness at- Tathbiq an-Nahwi wa as-Sharfi book to inprove the ability of student in the “jumlah ismiyah”. The method of this research is Quasi Experiment. Meanwhile population is all student in class v Darul Ulum. And while the sample is all student in class va, there are 28 students. The result of this research was showed that use at- Tathbiq an-Nahwi wa as-Sharfi book to inprove the ability of student in the “jumlah ismiyah” is effective. According result bingger than .
Lhokseumawe وفعالية استخدامه لترقية قدرة الطالبات على فهم المسموع دراسة تجربية بمعهد علوم الدين Card Sort أسلوب
Authors: Salwa  
Published: July 2024

Maharah Istima’ is first language skills or initial interaction children of language, And it also an important language skills among other language skills that can be cultivated and developed because the basic skills to achieve proficiency. In this thesis, the researcher using the Card Sort Strategy in Maharah Istima '. because it an initial observation by researchers that the learning process on Maharah Istima ', the teacher read arabic teks and the student listen to it. Then the teacher told students to express what has been listen and so on untill the students are bored with the methods used by teachers. when the teacher told students rediscover what they hear they show others. Cause of that As such they appeared less interested in learning Maharah Istima '. Therefore, researchers used the strategy Card Sort in this learning can make students a vibrant to learn because using a card of media and making it easier for students to understand the Arabic text, discover new ideas and new knowledge. The aim of this research is (1) to know steps for using Card Sort strategies in Maharah Istima '.(2) the effectiveness of its use to improve the ability of students in Maharah Istima '. Method of the research in this thesis is experiment method with instruments test and documentation. Meanwhile population this research is all student of Ulumuddin boarding school and sample of this research in class II8 consist 30 students. The result of the research is using Card Sort Strategy effective to improve the ability of students on the listening and according result thitung bigger than ttabel is 7,94 > 1,67