bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Melatonin counteracts changes in hypothalamic gene expression of signals regulating feeding behavior in high-fat fed rats
Authors: Ríos-Lugo María J. , Jiménez-Ortega Vanesa , Cano-Barquilla Pilar , Mateos Pilar Fernández , Spinedi Eduardo J. , Cardinali Daniel P. , Esquifino Ana I. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract

Background: Previous studies indicate that the administration of melatonin caused body weight and abdominal visceral fat reductions in rodent models of hyperadiposity. The objective of the present study performed in high-fat fed rats was to evaluate the activity of melatonin on gene expression of some medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) signals involved in feeding behavior regulation, including neuropeptide Y (NPY), proopiomelanocortin (POMC), prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP), leptin- and insulin-receptors (R) and insulin-R substrate (IRS)-1 and -2. Blood levels of leptin and adiponectin were also measured.

Methods: Adult Wistar male rats were divided into four groups (n=16 per group): (i) control diet (3% fat); (ii) high-fat (35%) diet; (iii) high-fat diet+melatonin; (iv) control diet+melatonin. Rats had free access to high-fat or control chow and one of the following drinking solutions: (a) tap water; (b) 25 μg/mL of melatonin.

Results: After 10 weeks, the high-fat fed rats showed augmented MBH mRNA levels of NPY, leptin-R, PrRP, insulin-R, IRS-1 and IRS-2. The concomitant administration of melatonin counteracted this increase. Feeding of rats with a high-fat diet augmented expression of the MBH POMC gene through an effect insensitive to melatonin treatment. The augmented levels of circulating leptin and adiponectin seen in high-fat fed rats were counteracted by melatonin as was the augmented body weight: melatonin significantly attenuated a body weight increase in high-fat fed rats without affecting chow or water consumption. Melatonin augmented plasma leptin and adiponectin in control rats.

Conclusions: The results indicate that an effect on gene expression of feeding behavior signals at the central nervous system (CNS) may complement a peripheral rise of the energy expenditure produced by melatonin to decrease body weight in high-fat fed rats.
Thermodynamic Functions at Isobaric Process of van der Waals Gases
Authors: Matsumoto Akira 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The thermodynamic functions for the van der Waals equation are investigated at isobaric process. The Gibbs free energy is expressed as the sum of the Helmholtz free energy and PV, and the volume in this case is described as the implicit function of the cubic equation for V in the van der Waals equation. Furthermore, the Gibbs free energy is given as a function of the reduced temperature, pressure and volume, introducing a reduced equation of state. Volume, enthalpy, entropy, heat capacity, thermal expansivity, and isothermal compressibility are given as functions of the reduced temperature, pressure and volume, respectively. Some thermodynamic quantities are calculated numerically and drawn graphically. The heat capacity, thermal expansivity, and isothermal compressibility diverge to infinity at the critical point. This suggests that a second-order phase transition may occur at the critical point.
Non-Kinematicity of the Dilation-of-time Relation of Einstein for Time-intervals
Authors: Golden Sidney 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Light-pulses that are reflected recurrently to one another by two kinematically equivalent dynamically identical inertial systems moving collinearly and irrotationally with uniform relative velocity generate sequences of contiguous time-intervals in both. By means of clocks stationed in the two systems, each time-interval is both measurable locally and calculable non-locally in accord with basic requirements of special relativity theory. Their ratio yields the velocity dependent dilation-of-time relation of Einstein, but an equivalent spatially dependent version of it is obtained as well, because the time-intervals involved are actually determined by the distances that exist between the systems when the reflections occur. As a result, the Einstein relation involves no time-rates of clocks that are actually affected kinematically by the systems containing them.
NQR Study of Piperazinium Tetrahalogenometalates(II) [C4H12N2]MX4 (M = Zn, Cd, Hg; X = Br, I)
Authors: Ishihara Hideta , Hatano Naoko , Horiuchi Keizo , Terao Hiromitsu 
Published: February 2015

1
The 81Brand127INQR (V1: m =±1/2 ↔ m =±3/2 transition) frequencies in the title compounds were measured as functions of temperature. Four NQR lines were observed for each bromide or iodide in the temperature range investigated. Piperaziniumtetrabromocadmate(II)was obtained as a monohydrate () containing isolated CdBr4
2− anions, piperazinium dications, and water molecules (monoclinic, P21/c at 293 K). The crystal structure of piperazinium tetraiodocadmate(II) (2) was found to consist of isolated CdI4
2− anions and dications (orthorhombic, P212121 at 293 K). The structures of others seem to be similar to that of (2). The DSC measurement of (1) showed heat anomalies at ca. 363, 386 and 556 K, that of the anhydrous sample only at 556 K, which suggests that the former two heat anomalies are due to dehydration. All the other compounds exhibited also a phase transition around 550 K and decomposed above 600 K. Disappearance (or remarkable weakening in intensity) of the NQR lines was observed at 330 - 350 K in all compounds, indicating the pronounced excitation of librational motions of anions and/or cations. The NQR results indicate that the covalent character of M-X bond is in the order Zn-X < Cd-X ≪ Hg-X.
(E)-4-Methyl-1-tributylstannyl-oct-1-en-6-yn-3-ol: Circular Dichroism Measurement and Determination of the Absolute Configuration by Quantum-chemical CD Calculations
Authors: Voloshina E. N. , Raabe G. , Fleischhauer J. , Kramp G. J. , Gais H.-J. 
Published: February 2015

3
The chiroptical properties of the diastereomeric alcohols (E)-(3S,4S)-4-methyl-1-tributylstannyloct- 1-en-6-yn-3-ol ((S,S)-) and (E)-(3R,4S)-4-methyl-1-tributylstannyl-oct-1-en-6-yn-3-ols ((R,S)- 3) have been studied experimentally as well as by quantum-chemical calculations. The structures of 20 conformers of each isomer, which were found to represent local minima at the MNDO level, have been optimized with density functional theory (DFT). Based on these geometries the excitation energies and oscillator as well as rotational strengths have been calculated using a time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) method. The CD spectra of the compounds were then obtained as superposition of Boltzmann-weighted spectra for each of the structures. By comparison of the calculated and the experimental CD spectra the absolute configurations have been assigned to the investigated compounds.
Dielectric Relaxation Study of Ethanol in Benzene from Microwave Absorption Data
Authors: Sharma Vimal , Thakur Nagesh , Sharma Dhani Ram , Negi Nainjeet Singh , Rangra Vir Singh 
Published: February 2015

The dielectric constant (ε’) and dielectric loss (ε″) of dilute solutions of ethanol in benzene have
been measured at 9.883 GHz at 25, 30, 35 and 40 °C using standard microwave techniques. The
dielectric relaxation time (τ) and dipole moment (μ) at 25, 30, 35 and 40 °C have been calculated by
using the single frequency concentration variation method suggested by Gopala Krishna. It is found
that the dielectric relaxation process can be treated as a rate process like the viscous flow process. A
monomer structure of C2H5OH in benzene solution has been inferred. Based upon these studies, the
presence of solute-solvent associations has been proposed. The energy parameters for the dielectric
relaxation process have been calculated and compared with the corresponding energy parameters of
viscous flow.
Transient Formation of Super-Explosives under High Pressure for Fast Ignition
Authors: Winterberg Friedwardt 
Published: February 2015

Dense matter, if put under high pressure, can undergo a transformation from an atomic to a molecular configuration, where the electron orbits go into lower energy levels. If the rise in pressure is very sudden, for example by a strong shock wave, the electrons change their orbits rapidly under the emission of photons, which for more than 100 Mbar can reach keV energies. With the opacity of dense matter going in proportion to the density, the photons can be efficiently released from the surface of the compressed matter by a rarefaction wave. The so produced X-ray photons can be used for the fast ignition of a thermonuclear target.
The proposed mechanism may be also responsible for the large keV X-ray bursts observed in exploding wire arrays, which can not be explained by conversion of kinetic into thermal energy.
On the Existence of Periodic Solutions of a Three-Patch Diffusion Predator-Prey System
Authors: Ismail Mohammed , Abu Hany Atta A. K. , Agha Aysha 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
We establish a mathematical model for the three-patch diffusion predator-prey system with time delays. The theory of Hopf bifurcation is implemented, choosing the time delay parameter as a bifurcation parameter. We present the condition for the existence of a periodic orbit of the Hopf-type from the positive equilibrium.
Programming and reprogramming a human heart cell
Authors: Sahara Makoto , Santoro Federica , Chien Kenneth R 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe latest discoveries and advanced knowledge in the fields of stem cell biology and developmental cardiology hold great promise for cardiac regenerative medicine, enabling researchers to design novel therapeutic tools and approaches to regenerate cardiac muscle for diseased hearts. However, progress in this arena has been hampered by a lack of reproducible and convincing evidence, which at best has yielded modest outcomes and is still far from clinical practice. To address current controversies and move cardiac regenerative therapeutics forward, it is crucial to gain a deeper understanding of the key cellular and molecular programs involved in human cardiogenesis and cardiac regeneration. In this review, we consider the fundamental principles that govern the “programming” and “reprogramming” of a human heart cell and discuss updated therapeutic strategies to regenerate a damaged heart.
Replisome Function During Replicative Stress Is Modulated by Histone H3 Lysine 56 Acetylation Through Ctf4
Authors: Luciano Pierre , Dehé Pierre-Marie , Audebert Stéphane , Géli Vincent , Corda Yves 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Histone H3 lysine 56 acetylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for the maintenance of genome stability under normal conditions and upon DNA replication stress. Here we show that in the absence of H3 lysine 56 acetylation replisome components become deleterious when replication forks collapse at natural replication block sites. This lethality is not a direct consequence of chromatin assembly defects during replication fork progression. Rather, our genetic analyses suggest that in the presence of replicative stress H3 lysine 56 acetylation uncouples the Cdc45–Mcm2-7–GINS DNA helicase complex and DNA polymerases through the replisome component Ctf4. In addition, we discovered that the N-terminal domain of Ctf4, necessary for the interaction of Ctf4 with Mms22, an adaptor protein of the Rtt101-Mms1 E3 ubiquitin ligase, is required for the function of the H3 lysine 56 acetylation pathway, suggesting that replicative stress promotes the interaction between Ctf4 and Mms22. Taken together, our results indicate that Ctf4 is an essential member of the H3 lysine 56 acetylation pathway and provide novel mechanistic insights into understanding the role of H3 lysine 56 acetylation in maintaining genome stability upon replication stress.
Cellulase Production from Filamentous Fungi for Its Application in the Hydrolysis of Wheat Straw
Authors: Toscano-Palomar L. , Montero-Alpirez G. , Stilianova-Stoytcheva M. , Vertiz-Pelaez E. , Romero Uscanga y E. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTExtended research has been developed in the use of wheat straw (WS) as biomass for the production of biofuels (bioethanol), including the processes of degradation of cellulose by enzymatic systems. For centuries, Cellulose has been used by man; however, its enormous potential as a renewable energy source was recognized only after the discovery of cellulose degrading enzymes (cellulases). A wide variety of microorganisms can produce cellulolytic enzymes under appropriate culture conditions and among these microorganisms are filamentous fungi of the genera Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium. The purpose of this study was to produce cellulase enzyme from previously isolated and characterized filamentous fungi. Cellulytic fungi belonged toAspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium sp.,andTrichoderma harzianum.All these strains were preserved by lyophilization and also kept in sterile media (sand and soil) at 4 °C. The production of cellulases by submerged fermentation was performed in a Mandels mineral medium. The nitrogen sources were urea and ammonium sulfate. Glucose alone was used in the pre-inoculum, and dried and ground wheat straw was used in the fermentation as carbon sources. Subcultures of spore suspensions were incubated with orbital stirring (120 rpm) at 30 °C for 48 hours and used as inoculum for submerged fermentation with wheat straw as substrate in mineral medium with an initial pH of 5. Activity cellulase was determined by the method of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS). The results showed that wheat straw have potential for use as a substrate in the production of cellulases.Aspergillus nigershowed the highest enzymatic activity from the cellulase produced 0.051 FPU (filter paper units) after 96 hours of fermentation.
Structural analysis of Gd2Ce2O7
Authors: Patel Maulik K. , Baldinozzi Gianguido , Aguiar Jeffery A. , Valdez James A. , Vogel Sven C. , Sickafus Kurt E. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTA complex cerium bearing oxide, Gd2Ce2O7 was synthesized in order to simulate Pu in a fluorite derivative oxide. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data was collected using a lab diffractometer at room temperature and analyzed by Rietveld refinement method using the xnd program. The diffraction pattern obtained from the material could be indexed as a C-type cubic bixbyite crystal structure however several peaks showed peak broadening and could not be accounted for within the single-phase bixbyite model. A full pattern refinement, assuming a possible existence of short order disordered bixbyite regions within an average disordered fluorite phase gave a good fit with the experimental data, providing an estimate for correlation length of those bixbyite regions. Transmission electron microscopy confirms the existence of these correlated domains of disordered bixbyite type phase inside a defect fluorite lattice. Understanding the extent of these domains as a function of composition and the thermal history of the samples may have a profound effect on our understanding of miscibility gaps in Re2O3-CeO2 phase diagrams. These effects could be eventually exploited to design materials with increased radiation resistance, a desired feature for oxide matrices where actinides can be safely disposed.
Enhanced Learning of Mechanical Behavior of Materials via Combined Experiments and nanoHUB Simulations: Learning Modules for Sophomore MSE Students
Authors: Coughlan Aisling , Johnson David , Diefes-Dux Heidi A. , Douglas K. Anna , Erk Kendra , Faltens Tanya A. , Strachan Alejandro 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTUndergraduate materials engineering students have difficulty conceptualizing the atomic-level processes responsible for plastic deformation. To aid in developing this conceptual understanding, interactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were introduced into the sophomore-level materials curriculum, integrating simulation with the traditional tensile testing laboratory. Students perform a tensile test using MD simulations on nanowire samples, and then compare these results with those from the physical tensile tests to develop a visual and more intuitive picture of plastic deformation of crystalline materials.
A comparison of effi cacy of femoral and tibial fractures healing treated by static and dynamic intramedullary nails
Authors: Omerović Đemil , Avdić Dijana , Lazović Faruk 
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Intramedullary nailing is synthesis and consolidation of fracture fragments with the main goalto gain strength and permanent placement of the implants. Two techniques of intramedullary osteosynthesis are used: with dynamic or with static intramedullary nail. Dynamization include conversion of static nail by removing screws from the longest fragment. The aim of this study is to determine whether there is a difference in the speed and quality of healing of the type A and B fractures of the femur and tibia treated by static or dynamic intramedullary nails and to compare the results.Methods: The study was conducted on a total of 129 patients with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the femur and tibia type A and type B. Patients were divided into two groups, based on the applied operating method, static or dynamic intramedullary osteosynthesis.Results: The average number of weeks of healing femoral and tibial fractures was slightly in advantage of static intramedullary osteosynthesis, it was 17.08 weeks (SD=3.382). The average number of weeks of healing in 23 patients with fractures of the femur, treated by dynamic intramedullary osteosynthesis was 17.83 (SD=2.978).Conclusion: We can conclude that static intramedullary nailing osteosynthesis unable movements between fragments which directly stimulates bone formation and formation of minimal callus. Static intramedullary ostesinthesys resolve the problem of stabilizing the fracture, limb shortening and rotation of fragments.
Early extubation after congenital heart surgery
Authors: Halimić Mirza , Mesihović Dinarević Senka , Begić Zijo , Kadić Almira , Pandur Sanko , Omerbašić Edin 
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Despite recent advances in anesthesia, cardiopulmonary bypass and surgical techniques, children undergoing congenital heart surgery require postoperativemechanical ventilation. Early extubation was definedas ventilation shorter than 12 hours. Aim of this study is to identify factors associated with successful early extubation after pediatric cardiac surgery.Methods: The study was performed during period from January 2006 to January 2011 at Pediatric Clinic and Heart Center University Clinical center Sarajevo. One hundred children up to 5 years of age, who have had congenital heart disease, with left–right shunt and obstructive heart disease were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: Group I - patients extubated within 12 hours after surgery and Group II - patients extubated 12 or more hours after surgery. Results: The most frequently encountered preoperative variables were age with odds ratio 4% 95%CI (1-7%), Down's syndrome 8.5 95%CI (1.6-43.15), failure to thrive 4.3 95%CI( 1-18). Statistically significant postoperative data included lung disease (reactive airways, pneumonia, atelectasis, pneumothorax) and with odds ratio 35.1 95 %CI (4-286) and blood transfusion with odds ratio 4.6 95%CI (2-12). Blood transfusion (p=0.002) (Wald=9.2) 95%CI (2-12), during as well as after operation procedure has statistically significant influence on prediction time of extubation. Proven markers were age with cut of 21.5 months (sensitivity 74% and specificity 70%) and extracorporeal circulation (ECC) with cut-of 45.5 minutes (sensitivity 71% and specificity 65%).Conclusion: Early extubation is possible in many children undergoing congenital heart surgery. Younger age and prolonged ECC time are markers associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation.
Nurses' Knowledge and Responsibility toward Nutritional Assessment for Patients in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Al Kalaldeh Mahmoud , Shahein Mahmoud 
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Nutritional assessment is a prerequisite for nutritional delivery. Patients in intensive care suffer from under-nutrition and nutritional failure due to poor assessment. Nursing ability to early detect nutritional failure is the key for minimizing imparities in practice and attaining nutritional goals. Aim of this article is to examine the ability of Jordanian ICU nurses to assess the nutritional status of critically ill patients, considering biophysical and biochemical measures.Methods: This cross sectional study recruited nurses from different health sectors in Jordan. ICU nurses from the governmental sector (two hospitals) and private sectors (two hospitals) were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire. Nurses' knowledge and responsibility towards nutritional assessment were examined.Results: A total of 220 nurses from both sectors have completed the questionnaire. Nurses were consistent in regard to knowledge, responsibility, and documentation of nutritional assessment. Nurses in the governmental hospitals inappropriately perceived the application of aspiration reduction measures. However, they scored higher in applying physical examination and anthropometric assessment. Although both nurses claimed higher use of biochemical measurements, biophysical measurements were less frequently used. Older nurses with longer clinical experience exhibited better adherence to biophysical measurement than younger nurses.Conclusion: Nursing nutritional assessment is still suboptimal to attain nutritional goals. Assessment of body weight, history of nutrition intake, severity of illness, and function of gastrointestinal tract should be considered over measuring albumin and pre-albumin levels. A well-defined evidence-based protocol as well as a multidisciplinary nutritional team for nutritional assessment is the best to minimize episodes of under-nutrition.
An extremely rare case of testicular malign neoplasm; alveolar subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma with long term follow-up.
Authors: Ipekci Tumay , Akin Yigit , Hoscan Burak , Tunckiran Ahmet 
Published: February 2015

Testicular neoplasm usually occur in men aged between 15 and 35. These are solid organ tumours and also should be operated when there is a suspicious clinical findings. Testis tumours are levelled after histopathology evaluation. The medical, surgical and follow-up strategies of well know testis tumours, such as seminomas, non-seminom germ cell tumours, have been established. In case of testis tumours rare entities may occur as rhabdomyosarcoma.We here presented a rare case of alveolar subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma in testis with long term follow-up.