bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trace Amounts of Second Metal Elements Can Play a Key Role in the Generation of Organometallic Compounds
Authors: Takai Kazuhiko 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
During the development of new synthetic organic reactions by the use of group 4–7 metals, we twice encountered a reproducibility problem. The key factor was trace amounts of second metal elements that contaminated the first, main metals, i.e., nickel in chromium and lead in zinc. We had determined the standard procedures for these reactions and they were adopted in Organic Syntheses. The difference in the source of zinc, i.e., contamination by a catalytic amount of lead, proved to affect both the reactivity of the Simmons–Smith reaction and the formation of alkylzinc from the corresponding iodides. By using the concept of catalytic effects of the second metals, we developed a method to use manganese metal and applied this to sequential radical and anionic reactions. In addition, allylic aluminum species were prepared smoothly from allylic halides and aluminum by addition of an indium salt, the second element. In this account, I describe how the synthetic methods were discovered and developed, with an emphasis on the stories behind the communications and articles.
More (old and new) misunderstandings of collostructional analysis: On Schmid and Küchenhoff (2013)
Authors: Gries Stefan Th. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractEver since the first studies introducing collostructional analysis in general and collexeme analysis in particular, these methods have been widely used for the analysis of constructions’ semantic and functional characteristics. However, the more recent past has seen two publications, Bybee (2010) and Schmid and Küchenhoff (2013), which criticized several aspects of these methods. This paper briefly recaps my response to Bybee (2010) (published as Gries 2012) as a prelude to its main contribution, viz a rebuttal of various claims and problems of Schmid and Küchenhoff (2013).
Methoden historischer Semantik am Beispiel Max Webers – Teil 2
Authors: Bär Jochen A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe paper discusses methods of historical semantics (word semantics and conceptual semantics). The example of the concept ‹Geist› of Max Weber will show means by which the linguistic description of complex semantic phenomena (transcending the level of single words) can be captured and described. Based on the original works of Max Weber, the concept ‹Geist› will be approached in three steps: investigation of the single word (the lexeme)
Exploring College Students’ Intention to Adopt e-Textbooks: A Modified Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Hsiao Chun-Hua , Tang Kai-Yu , Lin Chien-Hung 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis study aims to verify and propose a modified technology acceptance model (TAM) to understand the antecedents of e-textbook adoption among college students. An extended TAM is to investigate college students’ intention to adopt e-textbooks. Measurement items were drawn and modified from existing validated scales. After data were collected from college students in Taiwan, structural equation modelling was employed to examine and compare the proposed model with the original model. Moreover, two tests were conducted to determine the extent of common method variance in the current data. The empirical findings support the inclusion of perceived enjoyment in the TAM. The proposed model explained 43% of the variance in behavioural intention, but explained 71% of the variance in attitudes, suggesting an explication of how the different determinants influence college students’ adoption of e-textbooks. The significance of the chi-square difference between the two models indicates that our proposed model shows a better fit to the data than the TAM does. Besides, perceived enjoyment is a critical factor in the influence of attitudes towards the usage of e-textbooks. Perceived ease of use is more influential than perceived usefulness in the determination of attitudes.
Simultaneity Analysis In A Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Malović Miodrag , Brajović Ljiljana , Mišković Zoran , Šekara Tomislav 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
An original wireless sensor network for vibration measurements was designed. Its primary purpose is modal analysis of vibrations of large structures. A number of experiments have been performed to evaluate the system, with special emphasis on the influence of different effects on simultaneity of data acquired from remote nodes, which is essential for modal analysis. One of the issues is that quartz crystal oscillators, which provide time reading on the devices, are optimized for use in the room temperature and exhibit significant frequency variations if operated outside the 20–30°C range. Although much research was performed to optimize algorithms of synchronization in wireless networks, the subject of temperature fluctuations was not investigated and discussed in proportion to its significance. This paper describes methods used to evaluate data simultaneity and some algorithms suitable for its improvement in small to intermediate size ad-hoc wireless sensor networks exposed to varying temperatures often present in on-site civil engineering measurements.
A Novel Approach To Diagnosis Of Analog Circuit Incipient Faults Based On KECA And OAO LSSVM
Authors: Zhang Chaolong , He Yigang , Zuo Lei , Wang Jinping , He Wei 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Correct incipient identification of an analog circuit fault is conducive to the health of the analog circuit, yet very difficult. In this paper, a novel approach to analog circuit incipient fault identification is presented. Time responses are acquired by sampling outputs of the circuits under test, and then the responses are decomposed by the wavelet transform in order to generate energy features. Afterwards, lower-dimensional features are produced through the kernel entropy component analysis as samples for training and testing a one-against-one least squares support vector machine. Simulations of the incipient fault diagnosis for a Sallen-Key band-pass filter and a two-stage four-op-amp bi-quad low-pass filter demonstrate the diagnosing procedure of the proposed approach, and also reveal that the proposed approach has higher diagnosis accuracy than the referenced methods.
Kinetics of electrooxidation of phenol on polycrystalline platinum
Authors: Pierożyński Bogusław , Piotrowska Grażyna , Mikołajczyk Tomasz 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This work reports on kinetics of phenol electrooxidation reaction (PhER), examined at polycrystalline Pt electrode in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 0.1 M NaOH supporting solutions. Important aspects of PhER kinetics were analysed based on potential-dependent, a.c. impedance-derived values of charge-transfer resistance and capacitance parameters. Special attention was also given to the influence of supporting electrolyte ions on the process of phenol oxidation (pH dependence of the PhER), in relation to an important role of anion adsorption on the Pt catalyst surface.
Screening and Registering Patients with Asthma and Copd in Slovenian Primary Care: First Results / Presejanje In Registriranje Bolnikov Z Astmo In Kopb V Referenčnih Ambulantah Družinske Medicine: Prvi Rezultati
Authors: Poplas-Susič Tonka , Švab Igor , Klančar Darinka , Petek Davorina , Vodopivec-Jamšek Vlasta , Bulc Mateja , Kersnik Janko , Petrovski Beáta Éva 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Aim. This study aimed to evaluate a new project of the Slovene Ministry of Health - the Family Medicine Model Practices (MPs) Project in Slovenia, and to show its effectiveness in the management of asthma and COPD by family medicine practice teams, consisting of a family physician, a nurse practitioner and a practice nurse.
Methods. A total of 107 family practices with 203122 patients joined the project during the first year of its initiation. The effectiveness of the program in disease management was analysed in two phases according to the registration of family practices. The number of patients registered and the number of asthma and COPD patients (existing and newly detected) by model practice teams were being reported. Descriptive analyses were used to describe the study populations. Prevalence by diseases and phases was established after the initial round of data collection. Chi square (χ2) test was used to analyse the difference between the phases.
Results. The frequency of asthma was 2.12%, while the frequency of COPD was 1.15% throughout the study period. For both diseases, more than 30% of patients were newly diagnosed.
Conclusions. The project of implementing Family Medicine MPs in the area of COPD has given first positive results and the project is still ongoing to its full implementation.
3D-Röntgentomographie-gestützte Verfolgung von Blasen in flüssigem Schaum
Authors: Hoppe Dietrich 
Published: June 2015

Zusammenfassung
Durch schnelle Röntgentomographie auf der Grundlage eines
magnetisch abgelenkten Elektronenstrahls ist es möglich,
2D-Abbildungen von fluiden Medien zu erzeugen. 3D-Abbildungen
wären zwar wünschenswert, sind aber vorerst noch nicht mit
vertretbarem Aufwand realisierbar. Trotzdem soll bereits jetzt
versucht werden, methodische Studien zur Bestimmung von
Geschwindigkeiten in röntgentomographischen 3D-Abbildungen
durchzuführen. Speziell werden dynamische Vorgänge in
flüssigem Schaum betrachtet.
The Szilard-Chalmers Effect in Cyclohexane-Iodide Mixtures
Authors: Shaw P. F. D. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
An attempt has been made to estimate the number of radicals available for diffusive combination with
the radio-iodine produced by neutron capture in solvent systems. Reaction mechanisms used in the interpretation of the radiolysis of cyclohexane can also account for the chemical combination of such iodine atoms in cyclohexane-iodide mixtures.
Complex Polyphosphates in Irradiated Phosphorus Oxy-Anions
Authors: Anselmo Vincent C. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
Several salts of phosphorus oxy-anions were investigated by anion exchange chromatography with a view toward resolving whether complex polyphosphates were formed following neutron capture. For the sodium monohydrogen and dihydrogen orthophosphates a significant fraction of the activity was found on elution with a strong acid Solution indicating the presence of such complex material. Trisodium orthophosphate gave anomalous results while the reduced State showed negligible concentrations.
Messung niederenergetischer β-Strahler in heterogener Phase mit Flüssigkeitsscintillatoren
Authors: Hoffmann W. 
Published: June 2015

Zusammenfassung
Es werden Beispiele für die Messung radioaktiver Stoffe in heterogener Phase mit Flüssigkeitsscintillatoren angegeben, und zwar einmal mit suspendiertem Scintillator in der Meßlösung (Kunststoffscintillator in 3H- und 14C-haItigem Wasser), zum anderen mit suspendierter Probe in der Scintillationslösung (BaCO3-14C, 3H-markierte Polymere nach Dispersion in Toluol/Aerosil). Aktivitätsbestimmungen in heterogener Phase können gewisse Vorteile gegenüber einer Messung in flüssiger Phase bieten: unlösliche Verbindungen sowie Substanzen mit starker Fluoreszenzlöschung lassen sich oft noch mit befriedigender Zählausbeute messen.
Gene Level Meta-Analysis of Quantitative Traits by Functional Linear Models
Authors: Fan Ruzong , Wang Yifan , Boehnke Michael , Chen Wei , Li Yun , Ren Haobo , Lobach Iryna , Xiong Momiao 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Meta-analysis of genetic data must account for differences among studies including study designs, markers genotyped, and covariates. The effects of genetic variants may differ from population to population, i.e., heterogeneity. Thus, meta-analysis of combining data of multiple studies is difficult. Novel statistical methods for meta-analysis are needed. In this article, functional linear models are developed for meta-analyses that connect genetic data to quantitative traits, adjusting for covariates. The models can be used to analyze rare variants, common variants, or a combination of the two. Both likelihood-ratio test (LRT) and F-distributed statistics are introduced to test association between quantitative traits and multiple variants in one genetic region. Extensive simulations are performed to evaluate empirical type I error rates and power performance of the proposed tests. The proposed LRT and F-distributed statistics control the type I error very well and have higher power than the existing methods of the meta-analysis sequence kernel association test (MetaSKAT). We analyze four blood lipid levels in data from a meta-analysis of eight European studies. The proposed methods detect more significant associations than MetaSKAT and the P-values of the proposed LRT and F-distributed statistics are usually much smaller than those of MetaSKAT. The functional linear models and related test statistics can be useful in whole-genome and whole-exome association studies.
Prenatal Hemoglobin Levels and Early Cognitive and Motor Functions of One-Year-Old Children
Authors: Mireku Michael O. , Davidson Leslie L. , Koura Ghislain K. , Ouédraogo Smaïla , Boivin Michael J. , Xiong Xu , Accrombessi Manfred M. K. , Massougbodji Achille , Cot Michel , Bodeau-Livinec Florence 
Published: June 2015

OBJECTIVE:
To explore the relationship between prenatal hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and infant cognitive and motor functions.

METHODS:
Our prospective cohort study included 1-year-old children born to women enrolled at their first antenatal care (ANC) visit in Allada, Benin, before 29 weeks of pregnancy, within a trial comparing the efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and mefloquine. Hb concentrations of pregnant women were determined from venous blood samples collected at first and second ANC visits of at least 1-month interval and at delivery. Women were prescribed oral iron, folic acid, and anthelminthics after the first ANC visit. A total of 636 children (76.8% of eligible children) were assessed by trained research nurses for cognitive and motor functions by using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning.

RESULTS:
Prevalence of anemia (Hb &lt; 110 g/L) decreased from 67.0% at first ANC visit (mean gestational age [SD], 22.1 [4.0] weeks) to 38.4% at delivery. Mean (SD) Hb concentrations increased from 103.7 (12.3) at first ANC visit to 112.4 (14.1) at delivery. We observed a significant negative quadratic relationship between infant gross motor (GM) function and Hb concentration at first and second ANC visits. Thus, infant GM scores increased sharply with increasing maternal Hb concentration until 90 g/L where increasing GM was mild, and began to decline after 110 g/L.

CONCLUSIONS:
There appears to be an Hb concentration range that may be optimal for GM function of 1-year-old children. This may reflect the importance of physiologic hemodilution, which occurs after the second trimester until 34 weeks of gestation.
Phytosociology of weeds associated with rice crops in the department of Tolima, Colombia
Authors: Ramírez S. Javier , Hoyos C. Verónica , Plaza T. Guido 
Published: June 2015

<p>Phytosociological studies allow for the characterization and descriptive analysis of weed communities in crops. This study aimed to characterize the weed communities associated with weed crops in the “Centro, Meseta, and Norte” zones of the Tolima Department. The study was conducted in 96 commercial lots, in which a 1 ha area was marked off for the sampling. The development stage, density and cover of the weeds were evaluated. The importance value index, the alpha diversity indices of Shannon-Wiener, Simpson and uniformity as well as the similarity indices of Jaccard, Sorensen and Steinhaus were calculated. For the entire department, 42 weed species were identified, with <em>Echinochloa colona</em> being the principal one in all of the zones. In the Centro zone, 27 species were identified; in the Meseta zone, 31 species were identified; and, in the Norte zone, 38 species were identified. The alpha indices demonstrated that the Meseta zone was the most diverse. The Jaccard and Sorensen indices showed dissimilarity in the weed community for all of the comparisons of the zones. The Steinhaus coefficient registered the highest similarity intensity between the Centro and Norte zones. </p>
Are You Oil or Sand? Resolving Conflict in Christian Global Healthcare
Authors: Stevens David L. 
Published: June 2015

Drawing from his experience as a cross-cultural health worker in Africa and his roll in training others for similar missionary service, the author discusses common sources of conflict at a local level inside a larger pressure chamber of political differences, economic tensions, religious extremism, corruption, crime and even armed conflict. Almost all Christians serving in global healthcare are providing care in the midst of some level of conflict. Conflict at the interpersonal level ultimately impacts the effectiveness of teams, organizations, institutions, governments and nations. He gives practical wisdom on handling conflict toward productive, cooperative and sustainable work leading to widespread healing impact.
The Battle Belongs to the Lord: Healthcare Amidst Conflict in Kashmir
Authors: Nageshwari K. Sarah 
Published: June 2015

Despite years of surrounding civil unrest and militant opposition, a maternity hospital in Anantnag, Kashmir, India has persevered in both faithful service and in living faith amid cultural, religious, and civil conflict. The author recalls her own spiritual journey and calling, as well as a series of dramatic conflicts which challenged and emboldened the staff to remain faithful to the call to service and bold in the face of opposition.
Millisecond Kinetics of PbS Quantum Dots Using Droplet-based Microfluidics with On-line Absorption and Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Authors: Lignos Ioannis , Stavrakis Stavros , Kilaj Ardita , deMello Andrew 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTWe report a novel approach for the on-line characterization of nucleation and growth kinetics of lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots using droplet-based microfluidics. Monodisperse NIR-emitting PbS with optical bandgap between 680 to 1200 nm can be formed rapidly using two reaction schemes at different operating temperatures between 70 and 130°C and the temporal evolution of the absorption and fluorescence spectra are monitored in real-time using a microfluidic platform with an on-line absorption and fluorescence optical system. Therefore, this microfluidic platform is able to provide quantitative information on a millisecond (ms) time frame regarding the size, size distribution, concentration and emission characteristics of the generated nuclei and particles. To our knowledge, this represents the first microfluidic approach for the study of the nucleation and growth in high-temperature colloidal crystallization using in-situ absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy.
Plurilinguismes, territoires, trajectoires : des compétences aux identités plurilingues
Authors: Moore Danièle 
Published: June 2015

Cette introduction vise à présenter diverses orientations et contributions de chercheurs canadiens et européens sur les questions de contacts et de développements plurilingues, dans des situations diverses de mobilités (géographiques, professionnelles, virtuelles, symboliques). La mise enregard des contributions cherche à éclairer comment l’étude des trajectoires de mobilité peut permettre de réfléchir ce qu’est une compétence plurilingue et pluriculturelle.
Approche systématique des parcours migratoires : pour une meilleure prise en compte de la pluralité
Authors: Thamin Nathalie 
Published: June 2015

Notre contribution s’inscrit dans les champs de la « sociolinguistique de la migration », des langues en contact et dans la problématique du plurilinguisme et cherche à prendre en compte la dynamique du plurilinguisme des acteurs sociaux en situation de mobilité contemporaine (géographique, professionnelle, virtuelle, . . .), en montrant comment les pratiques langagières et celles de mobilité se co-contruisent. Dans le cadre d’une recherche doctorale et dans une perspective ethno-sociologique, nous avons réalisé quarante et un entretiens biographiques auprès de migrants plurilingues vivant en France, dont vingt-cinq salariés en entreprise internationale. L’un des objectifs de la recherche a consisté à mettre en valeur les ressources langagières individuelles dans une perspective (socio)-didactique de valorisation des compétences plurilingues, pluriculturelles) et de mobilité. Nous reviendrons, chemin faisant, sur nos choix théoriques : la mobilité et la migration sont envisagées dans une approche systémique et transdisciplinaire, avec un intérêt porté à la notion de circulation migratoire ou de réversibilité des parcours. On insistera sur l’importance de la prise en compte des cultures pré-migratoires—dont le capital pluriel antérieur de mobilité, linguistique et culturel—mais aussi sur les notions de savoir-circuler et savoir-migrer. Nous reviendrons par la suite sur nos choix méthodologiques, avant de convoquer quelques éléments d’analyse issus de notre corpus concernant le lien entre pratiques langagières et mobilité « virtuelle ».
Association between in-hospital adverse events and mortality for patients with brain tumors
Authors: Nuño Miriam , Carico Christine , Mukherjee Debraj , Ly Diana , Ortega Alicia , Black Keith L. , Patil Chirag G. 
Published: June 2015

OBJECT
The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality patient safety indicators (PSIs) and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services hospital-acquired conditions (HACs) are administrative data-based metrics. The use of these outcomes as standard performance measures has been discussed in previous studies. With the objective of determining the applicability of these events as performance metrics among patients undergoing brain tumor surgery, this study had 2 aims: 1) to evaluate the association between PSIs, HACs, and in-hospital mortality rates; and 2) to determine a correlation between hospital volume, PSIs, and HACs.

METHODS
Patients with brain tumors treated between 1998 and 2009 were captured in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. Hospitals were categorized into groups according to surgical volume. Associations between PSIs, HACs, and in-hospital mortality rates were studied. Factors associated with a PSI, HAC, and mortality were evaluated in a multivariate setting.

RESULTS
A total of 444,751 patients with brain tumors underwent surgery in 1311 hospitals nationwide. Of these, 7.4% of patients experienced a PSI, 0.4% an HAC, and 1.9% died during their hospitalization. The occurrence of a PSI was strongly associated with mortality. Patients were 7.6 times more likely to die (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 7.6, CI 6.7–8.7) with the occurrence of a PSI in a multivariate analysis. Moderate to strong associations were found between HACs, PSIs, and hospital volume. Patients treated at the highest-volume hospitals compared with the lowest-volume ones had reduced odds of a PSI (aOR 0.9, CI 0.8–1.0) and HAC (aOR 0.5, CI 0.5–0.08).

CONCLUSIONS
Patient safety-related adverse events were strongly associated with in-hospital mortality. Moderate to strong correlations were found between PSIs, HACs, and hospital procedural volume. Patients treated at the highest-volume hospitals had consistently lower rates of mortality, PSIs, and HACs compared with those treated at the lowest-volume facilities.