bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cutting Edge: Antibody-Dependent Memory-like NK Cells Distinguished by FcRγ Deficiency
Authors: Zhang Tianxiang , Scott Jeannine M. , Hwang Ilwoong , Kim Sungjin 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Because NK cells lack gene-recombination machinery and are thought to be relatively short-lived, it is unclear whether NK cells can mount long-term effective recall responses to reinfections by diverse pathogens. In this article, we report that FcRγ-deficient NK cells, which we recently identified and termed g−NK cells, possess distinct memory features directed by FcR-mediated Ab-dependent target recognition. The presence of g−NK cells was associated with prior human CMV (HMCV) infection, yet g−NK cell responses were not restricted to HCMV-infected target cells. In the presence of virus-specific Abs, g−NK cells had greatly enhanced functional capabilities, superior to conventional NK cells, and were highly responsive to cells infected with either HCMV or HSV-1. Remarkably, the g−NK cell subset persisted long-term at nearly constant levels in healthy individuals. Therefore, FcRγ deficiency distinguishes an Ab-dependent memory-like NK cell subset with enhanced potential for broad antiviral responses.
Human breast milk sugars and polyols over the first 10 puerperium days
Authors: Jóźwik Maciej , Jóźwik Marcin , Teng Cecilia , Jóźwik Michał , Battaglia Frederick C. 
Published: January 2013

ObjectiveThe transition from colostrum to mature breast milk during early puerperium is associated with significant concentration changes of numerous compounds. However, it is not known whether the free sugars, aminohexoses, and polyols are affected. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine their concentrations in human colostrum and milk during the first 10 days postpartum.MethodsThis prospective longitudinal study in a sample of normal consecutive obstetric patients was conducted as a collaboration between two academic centers—Polish and American. Participants were 13 women after uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery at term of a singleton, appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age fetus. Lactose, galactose, glucose, mannose, galactosamine, glucosamine, glycerol, and myo‐inositol concentrations were measured using high performance liquid chromatography.ResultsDuring the first 3 days postpartum, the concentrations of lactose and glucose increased significantly (P < 0.001), to steady‐state values thereafter. In contrast, the concentrations of myo‐inositol and glycerol decreased significantly (P < 0.001) over the first 4 days, to reach relatively low stable values. ANOVA analysis indicated that the postpartum day at which early changes ceased to be significantly different from their plateau values was Day 4. myo‐Inositol concentrations were significantly higher (P = 0.022) in multiparas than in primiparas.ConclusionsThe colostrum‐to‐milk transition is associated with significant changes in concentrations of free sugars and polyols, changes which are completed by the fourth postpartum day. Parity influences the concentrations of some compounds in the breast milk. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 25:198–204, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Beliefs of Chinese buyers of pirated goods
Authors: Stephens Nancy J. , Swartz Teresa A. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTThis study fills a void in the piracy literature by describing the results of a qualitative investigation of buyers conducted in mainland China, one of the largest piracy markets in the world. Chinese college students, invited to write essays expressing their views, revealed themselves to be active buyers of fake music and movies, untroubled by any legal or ethical issues. Theories of cognitive dissonance and neoclassical economics are used to explain the behavior of buyers. A surprising result is the feeling of young Chinese that their government is unwilling and/or able to control piracy. Another insight not previously revealed in the literature is the Chinese essayists' condemnation of foreigners as hypocrites who preach against piracy while avidly buying fake goods themselves. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How to stop binge drinking and speeding motorists: Effects of relational‐interdependent self‐construal and self‐referencing on attitudes toward social marketing
Authors: Martin Brett A. S. , Lee Christina Kwai‐Choi , Weeks Clinton , Kaya Maria 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTHow can marketers stop speeding motorists and binge drinking? Two experiments show that the beliefs consumers have about the degree to which they define themselves in terms of their close relationships (i.e., relational‐interdependent self‐construal (RISC)) offer useful insights into the effectiveness of communications for two key social marketing issues—road safety (Study 1, New Zealand sample) and alcohol consumption (Study 2, English sample). Further, self‐referencing is a mechanism for these effects. Specifically, people who define themselves in terms of their close relationships (high‐RISCs) respond most favorably to advertisements featuring a dyadic relationship (two people), and this favorable response is mediated by self‐referencing. In contrast, people who do not include close relationships in their sense of self (low‐RISCs) respond most favorably to self‐reference advertisements featuring solitary models.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cognition, Imagery and Coping among Adolescents with Social Anxiety and Phobia: Testing the Clark and Wells Model in the Population
Authors: Ranta Klaus , Tuomisto Martti T. , Kaltiala‐Heino Riittakerttu , Rantanen Päivi , Marttunen Mauri 
Published: January 2013

The Clark and Wells' cognitive model of social phobia suggests that self‐focused attention, negative observer‐perspective images of oneself and safety behaviours maintain anxiety in subjects with SP. Empirical research among adults supports the model, but limited evidence for it has been obtained in other age groups or in the general population. We examined automatic thoughts, imagery, safety behaviours and general coping of adolescents with social anxiety and phobia. These were elicited by a thought listing procedure in a recalled, distressing social situation. The target variables were compared between adolescents with high versus normal self‐reported social anxiety (HSA/NSA) and between adolescents with clinical/subclinical SP (SP/SSP) versus no diagnosis. Adolescents with HSA reported overall negative thoughts, negative observer‐perspective images and safety behaviours more frequently than adolescents with NSA. The SP/SSP group displayed the same difference, and clearer, relative to the no diagnosis group, but additionally reported negative thoughts focused more often on self. Minor differences in coping were found between the groups. The study suggests that adolescents with SP already display the negative self‐focused cognitions, observer‐perspective imagery and behavioural pattern found among adults with SP. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

Social anxiety associates with observer‐perspective imagery and safety behaviours in adolescence.
Adolescents with clinical social phobia report frequent negative self‐focused thoughts.
However, such negative cognitions focused on self do not associate to self‐reported social anxiety.
The cognitive model of social phobia (Clark & Wells, 1995) is applicable to adolescents.
Radioactive Europium‐Chelate‐Based Silica Nanoparticles as a Probe for Stability, Incorporation Efficiency and Trace Analysis
Authors: Wartenberg Nicolas , Raccurt Olivier , Bourgeat‐Lami Elodie , Imbert Daniel , Mazzanti Marinella 
Published: January 2013

AbstractTwo luminescent terbium and europium lanthanide chelates were efficiently embedded into silica nanoparticles by using a reverse microemulsion process. The incorporation was achieved without covalent bonding between the lanthanide chelates and the silica matrix. To investigate the efficiency of the incorporation process and the stability of the silica‐encapsulated lanthanide complex, a method based on a radioactive probe was developed; γ‐emitting europium (152) chelates were synthesized and incorporated into silica nanoparticles. Measurements of the γ activity through the entire synthesis allowed the accurate characterization of the incorporation efficiency of the used chelates. A clear correlation was established between the physicochemical properties of the different chelates and the measured incorporation efficiencies. A very efficient noncovalent incorporation of lanthanide chelates in highly stable nanoparticles was achieved by tuning the chelate properties, thus rendering the development of lanthanide‐based fluorescent nanoparticles easier.
Uncovering and Redesigning a Key Amino Acid of Glucose Oxidase for Improved Biotechnological Applications
Authors: Suraniti Emmanuel , Courjean Olivier , Gounel Sébastien , Tremey Emilie , Mano Nicolas 
Published: January 2013

AbstractHere we uncover a key amino acid at the entrance of the active site of glucose oxidase from Penicilium amagasakiense and we successfully redesign it by nonactive site mutations, leading to enzymatic anodes with 2.4 fold higher current densities. The increase in current density could be correlated with a better interaction between the negatively charged amino acid located in position 424 and the positively charged redox mediator. We also demonstrate that this increase in current was not specific to Osmium and that further introduction of negative charges around the active site of glucose oxidase lead to a decrease in current density, illustrating the uniqueness of this amino acid in position 424.
Genipin‐Cross‐Linked Chitosan as a Support for Laccase Biosensor
Authors: Fernandes Suellen Cadorin , de Oliveira Santos Deise Maria Pereira , Vieira Iolanda Cruz 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn this study a biosensor with laccase immobilized in a chitosan matrix was developed. Prior to the laccase immobilization the chitosan was cross‐linked with genipin, a naturally‐occurring cross‐linking agent, and incorporated into a carbon‐paste electrode. Analytical parameters for caffeic acid, such as repeatability (2.7 %), reproducibility (3.0 %), linearity (0.27 and 33 µM; r2≥0.9983), limit of detection (LOD=0.18 µM) and recovery (96–103 %), were determined. The method was applied in the determination of the total phenolic content of mate herb samples. The good performance of the method can be attributed to the effective immobilization of laccase in the cross‐linked support.
Experimental study of the flash point of flammable liquids under different altitudes in Tibet plateau
Authors: Ding Chao , Yao Wei , Tang Yanfei , Rong Jianzhong , Zhou Dechuang , Wang Jian 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTTo reveal the dependence the flash point of flammable liquids have on altitude, a series of field tests at different altitudes in Tibet plateau were carried out by aid of a portable flash point measuring apparatus. The five tested altitudes are 3650, 3950, 4250, 4500, and 4750 m in Tibet plateau, as well as a benchmark altitude of 58 m in Hefei (a sea‐level city). The test results show the flash point has a nonlinear dependence on altitude for all the tested flammable liquids. The subsequent theoretical analysis indicates that the reciprocal of flash point depends linearly on the logarithmic of altitude, which in general agrees with the test results especially at relatively low altitudes. The study indicates that the fire hazard of flammable liquids increases as the altitude increases, which is an important consideration for the safety design of aircraft fuel tank as well as the fire safety management of oil production and transport in high‐altitude plateau. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The antimalarial ferroquine is an inhibitor of hepatitis C virus
Authors: Vausselin Thibaut , Calland Noémie , Belouzard Sandrine , Descamps Véronique , Douam Florian , Helle François , François Catherine , Lavillette Dimitri , Duverlie Gilles , Wahid Ahmed , Fénéant Lucie , Cocquerel Laurence , Guérardel Yann , Wychowski Czeslaw , Biot Christophe , Dubuisson Jean 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease. Despite recent success in improving anti-HCV therapy, additional progress is still needed to develop cheaper and interferon (IFN)-free treatments. Here, we report that ferroquine (FQ), an antimalarial ferrocenic analog of chloroquine, is a novel inhibitor of HCV. FQ potently inhibited HCV infection of hepatoma cell lines by affecting an early step of the viral life cycle. The antiviral activity of FQ on HCV entry was confirmed with pseudoparticles expressing HCV envelope glycoproteins E1 and E2 from six different genotypes. In addition to its effect on HCV entry, FQ also inhibited HCV RNA replication, albeit at a higher concentration. We also showed that FQ has no effect on viral assembly and virion secretion. Using a binding assay at 4°C, we showed that FQ does not prevent attachment of the virus to the cell surface. Furthermore, virus internalization was not affected by FQ, whereas the fusion process was impaired in the presence of FQ as shown in a cell-cell fusion assay. Finally, virus with resistance to FQ was selected by sequential passage in the presence of the drug, and resistance was shown to be conferred by a single mutation in E1 glycoprotein (S327A). By inhibiting cell-free virus transmission using a neutralizing antibody, we also showed that FQ inhibits HCV cell-to-cell spread between neighboring cells. Combinations of FQ with IFN, or an inhibitor of HCV NS3/4A protease, also resulted in additive to synergistic activity. Conclusion: FQ is a novel, interesting anti-HCV molecule that could be used in combination with other direct-acting antivirals. (HEPATOLOGY 2013)
Do prevailing theories sufficiently explain perceptions and health‐seeking behavior of Ghanaians?
Authors: Fenenga Christine J. , Boahene Kwasi , Arhinful Daniel , de Wit Tobias Rinke , Hutter Inge 
Published: January 2013

SUMMARYThe challenges faced by African countries that have pioneered a national health insurance scheme (NHIS) and the lessons learned can be of great value to other countries, contemplating the introduction of such a health financing system. In 2003, Ghana initiated the NHIS to provide access to healthcare for people in both the formal and informal sectors. The paper assesses the applicability of four theoretical models to explain the perceptions and decisions of Ghanaians to participate in the NHIS. To contextualize these models, we used qualitative data from individual and group interviews of Ghanaians. These interviews form part of the study “towards a client‐oriented health insurance system in Ghana” to explain the uptake of the Ghanaian social health insurance. The paper argues for a new integrated model to provide a better understanding of clients' perceptions on illness, healthcare and health insurance. Such a model should highlight trust as a fundamental factor influencing the decision of Ghanaians to enroll in the NHIS. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exploring the Fit Perspective: An Ethnographic Approach
Authors: Samnani Al‐Karim , Singh Parbudyal 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWhile strategic human resource management (SHRM) theory has largely supported the importance of “fit,” the empirical research evidence has been mixed. In this study, we employ an ethnographic, case‐study approach to provide a more comprehensive assessment of fit and consider key contextual factors influencing HRM in the organization. Our findings suggest that the misalignment of HR practices can produce conflicting signals for employees, leading to reduced motivation and commitment. Furthermore, our study suggests that attempts to adopt isolated best practices without sufficient consideration of fit can have negative consequences. We conclude with a discussion of theoretical and practical implications.
Employee Responses to Changing Aspects of the Employer Brand Following a Multinational Acquisition: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Edwards Martin R. , Edwards Tony 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis study examines changing employment brands in the context of a multinational acquisition, specifically the implications for current employees. Using a sample (N = 251) from both the acquired and acquiring workforces, employees are tracked across 12 months following acquisition. The study explores predictors of identification with the acquiring organization, intent to quit, and discretionary effort. We focus on employment brand–related predictors, specifically perceptions linked to the provision of unique employment experiences, organizational identity strength, perceived prestige, and judgments of whether the acquiring organization acts in accordance with its corporate identity claims. The study showed that perceptions of prestige immediately after acquisition predict identification 12 months hence, as do judgments of whether the organization acts in accordance with its corporate social responsibility–based corporate identity claims. These judgments also predict subsequent levels of discretionary effort and long‐term intent to leave, as do perceptions linked to the provision of unique employment experiences. Perceived change in these unique employment experiences is also related to change in identification and intent to leave across time. Importantly, these elements have a varied effect on the adjustment outcomes when comparing the two workforces.
Regional difference in GABA levels between medial prefrontal and occipital cortices
Authors: Veen Jan Willem van der , Shen Jun 
Published: January 2013

Purpose:To avoid the confounding effects of variations in tissue composition this study measured regional GABA differences using two voxels with the same tissue composition.Materials and Methods:Eighteen healthy adult volunteers were scanned using a 3 Tesla GE clinical scanner with a J‐coupling based editing sequence. Spectroscopy voxels were placed in the medial prefrontal (MPFC) and occipital cortex (OCC) with essentially the same gray and white matter fractions.Results:A 16% (P = 0.0001) significantly higher GABA to creatine ratio was found in the OCC (0.1103 ± 0.0050) compared with the MPFC (0.0953 ± 0.0041). When normalized to tissue water, GABA concentrations in the OCC were 14% higher than in the MPFC.Conclusion:A difference in GABA concentration was found between the OCC and MPFC voxels in healthy subjects which is attributable to differences other than tissue composition. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:745–750. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
“Books” and “book chapters” in the book citation index (BKCI) and science citation index (SCI, SoSCI, A&HCI)
Authors: Leydesdorff Loet , Felt Ulrike 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn 2011, Thomson‐Reuters introduced the Book Citation Index (BKCI) as part of the Science Citation Index (SCI). The interface of the Web of Science version 5 enables users to search for both “Books” and “Book Chapters” as new categories. Books and book chapters, however, were always among the cited references, and book chapters have been included in the database since 2005. We explore the two categories with both BKCI and SCI, and in the sister databases for the social sciences (SoSCI) and the arts & humanities (A&HCI). Book chapters in edited volumes can be highly cited. Books contain many citing references, but are relatively less cited. We suggest that this may find its origin in the slower circulation of books then of journal articles. It is possible to distinguish bibliometrically between monographs and edited volumes among the “Books”. Monographs may be underrated in terms of citation impact or overrated using publication performance indicators because individual chapters are counted separately as contributions in terms of articles, reviews, and/or book chapters.
The other as a research agenda for information science
Authors: La Barre Kathryn , Buckland Michael , Ma Lai , van den Heuvel Charles 
Published: January 2013

AbstractExamining any topic in isolation offers very limited possibilities for significant insights. In contrast, a strikingly rich and fundamental research agenda opens for Information Science when “the other” is considered. Three presentations will demonstrate some of these possibilities.Every operation on information moves it further from its prior context. What are the consequences of this? Lai Ma will examine the fundamental effects of bibliographical operations on data sets and raises questions about the consequences of repeatedly adopting “the other” as we move further into data‐intensive work.Every knowledge organization system reflects a perspective in its design. How could we design for multiple perspectives? Charles van den Heuvel will draw on the efforts of Paul Otlet to use new media to achieve multidimensional knowledge organization hospitable to differing points of view.Every advance in science and most of our daily lives, depends on the work of others. Michael Buckland will argue that our academic need to know the work of others and everyday dependence on “second‐hand knowledge” constitutes a much‐needed rationale and strategic framework for Information Science itself.
Preparing for the academic job market: An interactive panel for doctoral students
Authors: Miller Karen , Agarwal Naresh Kumar 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis proposal expands on the basic format of the successful interactive doctoral student panel sponsored by SIG/ED at the 2011 ASIS&T annual meeting. The 2012 panel will feature several new panelists and a discussion of alternative career paths to the traditional job market, such as postdoctoral opportunities.The function of this panel is to provide an interactive platform for faculty members at all stages of their careers to provide advice and input for doctoral students nearing the completion of their doctoral work. This panel will provide valuable insight on finishing the dissertation, weighing post‐doctoral opportunities, entering the job market, and beginning an academic career. The format will allow participants to ask questions anonymously that may otherwise be embarrassing to ask. The seven panelists represent all stages of an academic career: three assistant professors, two associate professors (including an associate dean), and two full professors (including one dean). The participants come from six different institutions and represent two countries (U.S. and Canada). The panel will be of greatest use to those doctoral students at the end of their doctoral program, but, as proven in 2011, will also be of interest to doctoral students beginning their doctoral work and new assistant professors.
Web‐based education throughout the library & information science curriculum: Diverse challenges, opportunities, and perspectives
Authors: Neal Diane Rasmussen , Aytac Selenay , Kipp Margaret E. I. , Williams Lynne Y. , Johnson Catherine 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis panel will explore the issues, opportunities, and challenges inherent in teaching information science course online. All panelists have extensive experience teaching online as well as face to face, and ask common questions about their teaching experiences and students' learning experiences. However, they teach a diverse range of courses, use a variety of delivery modalities, and work at widely differing universities. The purpose of the panel is to raise the common questions about online education that stem from these diverse backgrounds and engage the audience in a meaningful discussion about the changing nature of information science education.