bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconciliación y construcción de la categoría víctima: Implicaciones para la acción política en Chile
Authors: Montenegro M. Marisela , Piper S. Isabel 
Published: October 2013

Los procesos de reconciliación nacional a partir del reconocimiento de la violación de los Derechos Humanos han sido puestos en práctica para fortalecer las democracias actuales. En este artículo nos centraremos en el caso chileno y sus intentos de avanzar en el proceso de reconciliación post-dictadura militar (1973-1990), a partir del establecimiento de la verdad sobre las formas de violencia perpetradas. La idea de reconciliación sigue la lógica de la retórica de la marca; esto es, el argumento de que las víctimas han quedado marcadas a partir de la experiencia traumática perpetrada. En este proceso se ha constituido la categoría de víctima y su reparación como el centro del proceso de reconciliación.La categoría de víctima ha sido utilizada como eje articulador de las luchas en torno a los Derechos Humanos. Sin embargo, ha contribuido a fijar dichas identidades como esenciales, naturales y homogéneas entre sí. En este artículo pretendemos cuestionar dicha construcción para, por un lado, mostrar su carácter contingente y en constante redefinición y, por otro, contribuir a abrir otros espacios de acción política en el Chile actual.
Responsabilidad y justicia de menores. Entrevista a François Marty
Authors: Aceituno M. Roberto 
Published: October 2013

En el interés por discutir problemáticas que conciernen a la subjetividad contemporánea, y al vínculo de ésta con procesos sociales e históricos, el profesor Roberto Aceituno realizó una entrevista al académico François Marty, especialista en clínica psicoanalítica de la adolescencia. La conversación versó sobre el problema de la responsabilidad penal de menores en conflicto con la justicia, que obliga a un trabajo interdisciplinario que reúna perspectivas socio-antropológicas con la práctica clínica y educativa en psicología y psicoanálisis.
Adaptación y validación de la Versión Abreviada de la Escala de Autoritarismos de Derechas (RWA) en una muestra chilena
Authors: Cárdenas Manuel , Parra Luis 
Published: October 2013

Este estudio presenta una adaptación de una versión reducida de la escala de autoritarismo de derechas (RWA). Participaron en el estudio dos muestras de estudiantes secundarios y universitarios. La escala adaptada posee ítems más cortos, con menos palabras extremas en su redacción y menos referencias a grupos específicos. La confiabilidad fue .72 (alpha de Cronbach). Los análisis de regresión múltiple revelaron que la escala de Orientación a la Dominancia Social (SDO) y la escala de nacionalismo contribuyen sustancialmente a la varianza de la escala RWA. La versión corta de la escala RWA parece poseer la estructura de tres dimensiones, predicha por la teoría, mostrando buenos índices de ajuste en el análisis factorial de tipo confirmatorio.
La especificidad de la función del psicólogo en el campo de la discapacidad mental
Authors: Contino Alejandro Martín 
Published: October 2013

Se propone un análisis de la dimensión política de la función psi y de la función del psicólogo en el campo de la discapacidad mental. Desde el análisis de dispositivos institucionales y prácticas manicomiales existentes, se explicita que el modelo médico individual comanda el abordaje tradicional. Se plantea que la función del psicólogo podría implicar una perspectiva desmanicomializadora, cuestionando la patologización, medicalización e institucionalización de la discapacidad. Desde esta lógica sería posible una lectura diferente respecto de las dificultades actuales en relación a la autonomía e integración. El aspecto ético-político de la praxis favorecería movimientos autogestionados por los propios individuos en situación de discapacidad, transformación posible solo a partir de pensar la discapacidad desde el modelo social.
Desigualdad social y espacio en la infancia. Trayectorias espaciales observadas en el juego infantil en niños de diferentes posiciones sociales
Authors: Castillo Patricia 
Published: October 2013

El presente artículo se realiza en el marco de la investigación doctoral de la autora. Amparándose en la geografía crítica (Garrido, 2009; Massey, 2005), se utiliza el modelo de la metodología clínica de investigación (Gaulejac, 1993) para indagar a través del juego infantil las trayectorias espaciales de los niños en diferentes posiciones sociales. El material de análisis consiste en el registro de la observación clínica de juego infantil. Los resultados de esta investigación muestran diferencias en las trayectorias espaciales de los niños de 3 a 5 años. Dichas diferencias se relacionan con los temores y expectativas de los otros significativos, con las preguntas de la realidad que viven, y con la relación directa o mediatizada con los medios de comunicación.
El Holocausto como acontecimiento traumático. Acerca de la incorporación del concepto freudiano de trauma en la historiografía del Holocausto
Authors: Vetö Silvana 
Published: October 2013

"Trauma" es un concepto de clara filiación psicoanalítica que ha sido paulatinamente incorporado a la historiografía a partir de los estudios históricos del Holocausto. El objetivo de este ensayo es analizar y discutir las perspectivas que se abren con dicha incorporación. Para ello se revisarán, primero, algunos aspectos del concepto de trauma en la obra de Freud; en segundo lugar, el papel de los testimonios de los sobrevivientes del Holocausto en este traslado conceptual. Finalmente, se analizarán algunas formulaciones de Friedländer y LaCapra sobre el trauma histórico, para concluir con algunas propuestas que permitan pensar los destinos del trauma en el ámbito socio-político y en la psicología.
Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Reporting Rates and Outcomes Before and After Bethesda Implementation Within a Combined Academic and Community Hospital System
Authors: Harvey Aaron M. , Mody Dina R. , Amrikachi Mojgan 
Published: October 2013

Context.—The current study compares data from our hospital system before and after the 2008 implementation of the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology (BSRTC).Objective.—To show the effects the BSRTC has had on the reporting rates and outcomes for thyroid lesions.Design.—A search for thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs) was performed for 2002–2005 (before BSRTC) and 2009–2011 (after BSRTC). Diagnostic outcomes were reviewed for cases with available follow-up.Results.—For 2002–2005, cytology reports for 3302 thyroid FNABs were reviewed, and 309 (9.4%) were classified as suspicious. For 2009–2011, cytology reports for 3432 thyroid FNABs were reviewed; 72 (2.1%) were classified as “atypia of undetermined significance or follicular lesion of undetermined significance” (AUS/FLUS), and 142 (4.1%) were classified as suspicious. Follow-up material was available for 31 AUS/FLUS cases (43.0%), and 6 of these cases (19%) were malignant. Follow-up material was available for 60 cases (42.3%) classified as suspicious, and 23 of these cases (38%) were malignant.Conclusions.—The AUS/FLUS rate of 2.1% at our institution is at the lower range of the &lt;7% recommended by the BSRTC, and our rate of 19% for risk of malignancy for AUS/FLUS is slightly above the BSRTC recommendation of 5% to 15%. Implementation of the BSRTC did not significantly affect our institution's reporting rates, most likely because an essentially similar classification system was employed before implementation of the BSRTC.
The Expression of PTEN Is Associated With Improved Prognosis in Patients With Ampullary Adenocarcinoma After Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Shroff Stuti , Overman Michael J. , Rashid Asif , Shroff Rachna T. , Wang Hua , Chatterjee Deyali , Katz Matthew H. , Lee Jeffrey E. , Wolff Robert A. , Abbruzzese James L. , Fleming Jason B. , Wang Huamin 
Published: October 2013

Context.—Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is one of the most frequently inactivated tumor suppressor genes in sporadic cancers. Somatic mutations of PTEN occur in many tumors including those of the gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary tracts. Loss of PTEN expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with metastatic colonic adenocarcinoma, gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Objective.—To study the expression of PTEN and its significance in ampullary adenocarcinoma (AA).
Design.—We constructed tissue microarrays by using archival tissue from 92 patients (55 males, 37 females; median age, 63 years; age range, 37 to 87 years) with previously untreated AA who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy at our institution. PTEN expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, scored semiquantitatively (based on staining intensity and percentage positive tumor cells), and correlated with clinicopathologic features and survival.
Results.—Of 92 cases, 23 (25.0%) were PTEN negative. Loss of PTEN expression correlated with lymph node metastasis (P = .004), advanced American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage (P = .02), and higher frequency of recurrence (P = .03). Patients with PTEN-negative tumors had shorter disease-free survival (DFS, mean: 89.0 ± 20.8 months) and overall survival (OS, mean: 93.1 ± 19.1 months) than those with PTEN-positive tumors (DFS, mean: 161.4 ± 11.7 months, P = .01; OS, mean: 175.4 ± 11.0 months, P = .001). In multivariate analyses, PTEN expression was a prognostic factor for both DFS and OS, independent of AJCC stage, lymph node status, pathologic tumor (pT) stage, and differentiation.
Conclusions.—Loss of PTEN expression is associated with poor DFS and OS in patients with AA after curative surgery. PTEN expression may be used as a prognostic marker for patients with resected AA.
BerEp4, Cytokeratin 14, and Cytokeratin 17 Immunohistochemical Staining Aid in Differentiation of Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma From Basal Cell Carcinoma With Squamous Metaplasia
Authors: Linskey Katy R. , Gimbel Devon C. , Zukerberg Lawrence R. , Duncan Lyn M. , Sadow Peter M. , Nazarian Rosalynn M. 
Published: October 2013

Context.—Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (bSCC) is an uncommon variant of squamous cell carcinoma, which may overlap histologically with basal cell carcinoma with squamous metaplasia (BCCm).
Objective.—To aid in the differentiation of these neoplasms using immunohistochemical staining because of the worse prognosis associated with bSCC.
Design.—Using immunohistochemical techniques, we investigated BerEp4, cytokeratin 17 (CK17), and cytokeratin 14 (CK14) protein expression in 25 cases of bSCC (8 cutaneous [32%], 12 aerodigestive tract [48%], and 5 lymph node metastases [20%]) and 43 cases of BCCm (39 cutaneous [91%], and 4 metastases [9%]). An immunoreactivity score was assigned using the percentage of tumor cells staining and the pattern of expression. Interobserver agreement for 2 independent pathologists was assessed using a κ coefficient.
Results.—The mean percentage of staining was significantly higher in BCCm, compared with bSCC (BerEp4, P = .006; CK17, P &lt; .001; CK14, P &lt; .001; unpaired t test), with 58% of BCCm cases (25 of 43) displaying diffuse staining for all markers, and nearly all (98%; 42 of 43) displaying diffuse staining for CK17 and CK14. In contrast, no bSCC cases (0%) displayed diffuse staining for all 3 markers, and only 8% (2 of 25) displayed diffuse staining for CK17 and CK14. High interobserver agreement was determined.
Conclusions.—BerEp4 alone is unreliable for differentiation between BCCm and bSCC, and the addition of either CK14 or CK17 will augment the sensitivity and negative predictive value of BerEp4 staining in BCCm and bSCC diagnosis.
Use of an Automated Coagulation Analyzer to Perform Heparin Neutralization With Polybrene in Blood Samples for Routine Coagulation Testing: Practical, Rapid, and Inexpensive
Authors: Tientadakul Panutsaya , Kongkan Chulalak , Chinswangwatanakul Wimol 
Published: October 2013

Context.—Heparin contamination in blood samples may cause false prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time results. Polybrene can neutralize heparin, but it affects coagulation by itself.Objectives.——To determine the optimal concentration of polybrene to neutralize heparin, to determine the suitable sequence of reagents for the neutralization method performed on the analyzer at the same time as prothrombin time and aPTT testing, and to detect the heparin contamination in blood samples for coagulation tests in our hospital using this method.Design.—Various concentrations of heparin were added to 10 normal and 76 abnormal plasma samples to study the efficacy of polybrene. Two programs of reagent sequencing for aPTT with polybrene performed on the analyzer were tested. Samples suspected of heparin contamination according to our criteria were selected for neutralization during a 3-month period.Results.——The optimal final concentration of polybrene was 25 μg/mL. Polybrene should be added after the aPTT reagent to minimize its interference effect. Even though results of prothrombin time and aPTT after neutralization did not equal those before the spike of heparin, the differences might not be clinically significant. Eighty-one of 4921 samples (1.6%) were selected for aPTT with the neutralization method, and the detection rate of heparin contamination was 84% (68 of 81), giving an overall incidence of 1.4% (68 of 4921).Conclusions.—This method is inexpensive and can be performed rapidly with prothrombin time and aPTT on the automated analyzer, which makes it easy to practice with no need for extra plasma volumes.
Is Negligence a First Cousin to Intentionality? Lay Conceptions of Negligence and Its Relationship to Intentionality
Authors: Nuñez Narina , Laurent Sean , Gray Jennifer M. 
Published: October 2013

SummaryIn three studies, we examined lay conceptions of negligence and how they are used when making judgments about actors' intentions, negligence, and blame. Study 1 examined the extent to which participants agreed about what constitutes negligence and accidents. After finding a high level of agreement between participants, Study 2 explored the features that defined participants' folk understanding of negligence. Additionally, we examined if definitions of negligence overlapped with key features of definitions of intentionality proposed in the literature. Study 2 suggested there were some key overlapping features and differences between negligence and intentionality. Finally, Study 3 examined how two key features of intentionality and negligence (knowledge and awareness) were related to attributions of negligence, accidental causation, blame, and desire to punish. The findings suggested that knowledge and awareness are positively related to judgments of negligence, blame, and desire to punish. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contextual Bias in Verbal Credibility Assessment: Criteria‐Based Content Analysis, Reality Monitoring and Scientific Content Analysis
Authors: Bogaard Glynis , Meijer Ewout H. , Vrij Aldert , Broers Nick J. , Merckelbach Harald 
Published: October 2013

SummaryVerbal credibility assessment encompasses several methods used to evaluate the credibility of statements by examining their content. In two experiments, we tested to what extent these methods are sensitive to contextual bias. Four statements were presented, although their context was manipulated by confronting raters with extra‐domain information that either enhanced or diminished the credibility of the statements. In Experiment 1, 32 police officers analysed the statements using scientific content analysis. In Experiment 2, 128 undergraduates analysed the statements using criteria derived from criteria‐based content analysis, reality monitoring or scientific content analysis. Results showed that all three methods were equally vulnerable to contextual bias. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New Word Acquisition in Children: Examining the Contribution of Verbal Short‐term Memory to Lexical and Semantic Levels of Learning
Authors: Côté Isabelle , Rouleau Nancie , Macoir Joël 
Published: October 2013

SummaryA variety of evidence suggests that human vocabulary acquisition and verbal short‐term ability are related. The aim of this study was to investigate the learning of new lexical and semantic representation in 7 to 12 years old children selected on the basis of their poor working memory capacity. A deep characterization of the short‐term memory (STM) capacities has been carried out through a series of tasks derived from recent STM models tapping STM, language and attentional processes. Participants experienced a three conditions word learning task designed to reflect lexical learning, semantic learning and lexical–semantic learning capacities. Other aspects of the learning such as the learning rate and the word length effect were evaluated. The experimental participants scored more poorly than controls on lexical learning, and this deficit was associated with the serial order STM and the attentional capacities. The current study also highlighted that neither the experimental group nor the control group took advantage in lexical learning of semantic information supplement. Our results suggest that children with verbal STM problems learn a smaller number of new words but present a similar way of learning than children without verbal STM problems. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theoretical Restrictions on Farm‐Retail Price Transmission Elasticities: A Note
Authors: Kinnucan Henry W. , Tadjion Omer 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTZero restrictions implied by Gardner's () model are exploited to develop a simple test for perfect price transmission. Applying the test to the domestic marketing channels for U.S. beef and pork, we reject the hypothesis of competitive market clearing for pork, but not for beef. A retest using the four‐firm concentration ratio in U.S. meat packing as a proxy for market power affirms results from the simple test. [JEL Classification: Q11, Q13].
The Description–Experience Gap in Risky and Ambiguous Gambles
Authors: Dutt Varun , Arló‐Costa Horacio , Helzner Jeffrey , Gonzalez Cleotilde 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTRecent research in decision making reported a description–experience (DE) gap: opposite risky choices when decisions are made from descriptions (gambles in which probability distributions and outcomes are explicitly stated) and when decisions are made from experience (the knowledge of the gambles is obtained by sampling outcomes from unknown probability distributions before making a choice). The DE gap has been reported in gambles commonly involving a risky option (outcomes drawn from a fixed probability distribution) and a safe option (probability of the outcome is 1), or in gambles involving two risky options. Here, we extend the study of the DE gap to gambles in which people choose between a risky option and an ambiguous option (with two nested probability distributions, where the event‐generation mechanism is more opaque than that in the risky option). We report empirical evidence and show a DE gap in gambles involving risky and ambiguous options. Participants' choices are influenced by the information format and by the ambiguous option: participants are ambiguity‐seeking in experience and ambiguity‐averse in description in problems involving both gains and losses. In order to find reasons for our results, we investigate participants' sampling behavior, and this analysis indicates choices according to a cognitive model of experiential decisions (instance‐based learning). In experience, participants have small sample sizes, and participants choose options where high outcomes are experienced more frequently than expected. We discuss the implications of our results for the psychology of decision making in complex environments. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
1,2,4‐Triazol‐3‐ylidenes with an N‐2,4‐Dinitrophenyl Substituent as Strongly π‐Accepting N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes
Authors: Sato Tetsuo , Hirose Yoichi , Yoshioka Daisuke , Shimojo Tsubasa , Oi Shuichi 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe synthesis and characterisation of a series of new Rh and Au complexes bearing 1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐ylidenes with a N‐2,4‐dinitrophenyl (N‐DNP) substituent are described. IR, NMR, single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and computational analyses of the Rh complexes revealed that the N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) behaved as strong π acceptors and weak σ donors. In particular, a natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis revealed that the contributions of the Rh→Ccarbene π backbonding interaction energies (ΔEbb) to the bond dissociation energies (BDE) of the RhCcarbene bond for [RhCl(NHC)(cod)] (cod=1,5‐cyclooctadiene) reached up to 63 %. The Au complex exhibited superior catalytic activity in the intermolecular hydroalkoxylation of cyclohexene with 2‐methoxyethanol. The NBO analysis suggested that the high catalytic activity of the AuI complex resulted from the enhanced π acidity of the Au atom.
Color preferences for different topics in connection to personal characteristics
Authors: Bakker Iris , van der Voordt Theo , Vink Peter , de Boon Jan , Bazley Conne 
Published: October 2013

AbstractStudies on color preferences are dependent on the topic and the relationships with personal characteristics, particularly personality, but these are seldom studied in one population. Therefore a questionnaire was collected from 1095 Dutch people asking for color preferences about different topics and relating them to personal characteristics. Color preferences regarding different topics show different patterns and significant differences were found between gender, age, education and personality such as being technical, being emotional or being a team player. Also, different colors were mentioned when asked for colors that stimulate to be quiet, energetic, and able to focus or creative. Probably, due to unconsciousness of contexts, many people had no color preference, a result that in the literature seldom is mentioned. Blue was the overall favorite color; however, most males chose for blue (25%) while most females had no color preference (18%). Black was the overall favorite color for clothing, mainly chosen by females (40%), while males primarily chose blue (27%). For building interiors subjects preferred white. For moods, subjects preferred white for being quiet or being able to focus, red for being energetic and had no color preference for being creative. It is concluded that color preferences are dependent upon the topic, and personal characteristics. The findings are important for architects, interior designers, fashion designers and product designers to have a basic idea of preferred colors for different objects by different types of people. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 40, 62–71, 2015
Irradiance‐independent camera color calibration
Authors: Funt Brian , Bastani Pouya 
Published: October 2013

AbstractFor a digital color camera to represent the colors in the environment accurately, it is necessary to calibrate the camera RGB outputs in terms of a colorimetric space such as the CIEXYZ or sRGB. Assuming that the camera response is a linear function of scene luminance, the main step in the calibration is to determine a transformation matrix M mapping data from linear camera RGB to XYZ. Determining M is usually done by photographing a calibrated target, often a color checker, and then performing a least‐squares regression on the difference between the camera's RGB digital counts from each color checker patch and their corresponding true XYZ values. To measure accurately the XYZ coordinates for each patch, either a completely uniform lighting field is required, which can be hard to accomplish, or a measurement of the illuminant irradiance at each patch is needed. In this article, two computational methods are presented for camera color calibration that require only that the relative spectral power distribution of the illumination be constant across the color checker, while its irradiance may vary, and yet resolve for a color correction matrix that remains unaffected by any irradiance variation that may be present. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 39, 540–548, 2014