bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the mineralogical composition and origin analysis of black jadeite
Authors: Guo Fenghui , Xu Wei , Tang Minghui , Zhang Ziqi , Chen Zean , Lu Hao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Analyzing black jadeite variety is helpful not only to distinguish black jadeite from the common omphacite jadeite, but also to learn the origin of jadeite by studying these special specimens. The basic gemological properties, mineral composition, structural characteristics, spectroscopic features, and color-causing mechanisms of black jadeite were studied through testing methods such as Polarizing microscope, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy. Recent studies have confirmed the distinct crystalloblastic textures of black jadeite—namely columnar, granular, and fibrous—alongside its characteristic fracture structures. This research further identifies the presence of secondary minerals, primarily opaque black impurities consisting of a graphite and disordered graphite mixture, as revealed by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses. These analyses have elucidated that the variable distribution of graphite mixtures contributes to differing degrees of light absorption, thereby forming various shades of black, a critical factor in the gemstone’s coloration. This study suggests that these carbonaceous materials are a byproduct of the carbonization of organic matter within metamorphic fluids, subsequently forming dispersed graphite structures within the mineral matrix and its fractures, indicative of multi-stage metamorphic processes. Additionally, the identification of graphite supports the theory that jadeite’s protolith originated from the subduction processes of the Neotethys Ocean, accompanied by metasomatism and high-pressure metamorphism of olivinite.
A novel boost power converter suitable for bearingless switched reluctance motor with wider rotor teeth
Authors: Xiang Yu , Yue Minghao , Mei Jianwei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the problem that the excitation current build-up speed of the bearingless switched reluctance motor with wider rotor teeth (BSRMWR) is too slow during commutation, this paper proposes a simple structured boost power converter. When the motor is commutation, it uses the winding demagnetization energy to quickly establish the excitation current for the latter phase winding and realizes the low torque ripple operation of the motor on the basis of ensuring the stable levitation of the motor. The topology and working status of the novel power converter are analyzed. On this basis, a 12/8 pole single-winding BSRMWR driving system based on the novel boost power converter is constructed. Through Matlab/Simulink simulation, the feasibility and effectiveness of the novel power converter are verified.
Simulation of temperature rise in low voltage winding of natural oil circulation transformer and analysis of oil flow heat dissipation
Authors: Yang Haoshuo , Liang Jingjing , Wu Chuyan , Tang Gengkun , Wu Jiarui , Wang Yongyan , Lu Binxian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The heat dissipation performance of an oil-immersed transformer is the key to its stable operation. Winding loss is a crucial part of transformer heat loss, and winding heat dissipation greatly influences the rise in transformer temperature. In this paper, depending on the finite element method, the magnetic field distribution of a 66 MVA (225/26.4 kV) natural oil circulation transformer is analyzed, and the DC and eddy current losses of the low voltage winding are calculated. Based on the finite volume method, the temperature field distribution of the low-voltage winding is calculated, and the heat flux distribution of the contact surface between the disc insulation paper and the oil flow is obtained. It is found that there are transition points and extreme points between the upper and lower surface of the disc and the inner and outer surface of the disc, and the heat flux on the upper and lower surface of the disc conductor has obvious alternating oscillation. This study provides direction for further analysis and understanding of the heat dissipation mechanism and structural design of natural oil circulation transformers.
Aero-engine performance evaluation model in the entire flight envelope
Authors: Li Peiyuan , Chen Yufeng , Fan Wenlan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
An aero-engine performance characteristics mathematical model in the entire flight envelope is proposed based on the stratification analysis method and multi-condition test data. The thrust, fuel flow, low/high-pressure rotor speed, exhaust temperature, and other engine output parameters can be calculated in the entire flight envelope, according to the engine operating characteristic model and input parameters of aircraft flight altitude, velocity, ambient temperature, throttle angle, etc. Based on the evaluation model proposed in this paper, the evaluation data of an aero-engine is consistent with the test data, and the error is less than 5%. The research and model can support flight performance calculation and mission planning and can be applied to flight simulator engine modules.
Numerical simulation and exploration of influencing factors on transmission conductor ice-covering
Authors: Zhang Lu , Han Yanhua , Sun Lei , Zhang Hebin , Zhang Fan , Ji Shengchang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In order to explore the influence of environmental factors on the effect of wire surface ice-covering, this paper uses the artificial climate chamber to build an experimental platform that can be used in the laboratory for wire ice-covering experiments. Through the numerical simulation of wire ice-covering, we observe the change of the ice-covering state inside the water layer on the surface of the conductor over time and get the experimental optimal time of cooling through comparison. In the experiment, by controlling different wind speed levels and water pump power, we explored the effect of wind speed and droplet average diameter size on the thickness of ice-covering on the surface of the conductor and the quality of the icicle, and analysed the change rule of the ice-covering ratio of the conductor.
Design of air-breathing supersonic vehicle guidance law for intercepting the high maneuvering target with impact angle constraint
Authors: Xu Zihe , Ming Chao , Bai Zhiheng , Feng Tong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
To achieve interception vehicles that can intercept high maneuvering targets with impact angle constraint, and improve the strike effectiveness of the vehicle, based on the two-dimensional planar motion model of the vehicle and the target, this article proposes a sliding mode control vehicle guidance law. The stability of the guidance law is verified through the Lyapunov function, and an extended state observer is set to check for disturbances. After simulation verification, the guidance law can intercept the target with predetermined terminal angle constraints and has good tracking performance.
Research on controlling dual buck inverter in sliding mode based on buffered inductor
Authors: Li Bo , Yue Zhou , Lu Chongwen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
To overcome the problems of power transistor passthrough and switching loss in traditional bridge inverters, it is suggested to replace the conventional double Buck inverter with a double Buck inverter that has a buffer inductor placed in the center of the bridge arm with one that has a very modest inductance value. Firstly, a dual inductor single structure of the Buck inverter was examined, and based on this, a dual Buck inverter topology structure based on a buffer inductor was proposed. Then, the application of the sliding mode control strategy in dual Buck inverters based on buffer inductance was elaborated. Ultimately, tests were conducted to confirm the accuracy of the theoretical theory. The proposed dual Buck inverter based on buffer inductance solves the problem of low inductance utilization while retaining high reliability. Compared with single inductance DBI, it has smaller losses and lower control complexity, which has practical application value.
Adaptive reconstruction of ship trajectory considering motion states
Authors: Li Gaocai , Zhang Xinyu , Huang Ruining , Jiang Chenxing , Lian Xiaorong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In response to the presence of noise and missing data in the records of ship trajectories from the Automatic Identification System (AIS), which affects the accuracy of ship traffic flow modeling and knowledge discovery, an adaptive reconstruction method for ship trajectories is proposed, taking into account the state of motion of the ship. This method comprehensively considers latitude, longitude, speed, course, and turn rate in the ship trajectory data and enables the identification and removal of position, speed, and course noise. In addition, the ship’s trajectory is divided into straight segments and turning segments based on the rate of change of the ship’s course. Various interpolation methods are adaptively applied to repair the trajectory. The validation with real ship trajectories shows that the proposed method has higher accuracy than other benchmark methods and provides a solid basis for evaluating ship trajectories.
Research on the method of air gap clearance selection for bushing at high-altitude areas
Authors: Yao Xiuyuan , Ma Xiaoxu , Liu Delong , Ding Yujian , Hu Meixin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As an important component of the core equipment of the UHV substation, the operation reliability of the bushing is directly related to the safe operation of the main equipment. There are some technical problems in the development of casing in the Sichuan-Chongqing project, such as technical problems at high altitudes and a lack of relevant experience in the correction of air gap and equipment external insulation altitude. Therefore, there is an urgent need to research the selection of gap distance for UHV AC substation bushing electrical characteristics test in high altitude areas. In this paper, based on the standard meteorological conditions and the rod-plate gap switching impulse discharge test data at an altitude of 4300 m, the minimum gap distance of UHV AC substation bushing withstanding 1800 kV and 1950 kV under different methods is obtained. The results show that by comparing the two calculation methods, the minimum distance calculation method of the true test combined with the gap coefficient method avoids the error of altitude correction, and the minimum gap distance is reduced by 7.84%-14.17% compared with the former. The research content can provide a reference for selecting the dry arc distance of the casing. The next step should be to carry out the discharge characteristic test of the true-size electrode at a high altitude, so as to simulate the field situation more realistically and provide more powerful technical support for the project.
Water-based quantum dots liquid scintillator for particle physics
Authors: Zhao M. , Taani M. , Cole J. , Crudele B. , Zou B. , Bhuiyan N. , Chowdhury E. , Duan Y. , Fekri S. , Harvey D. , Mitra D. , Raz O. , Thompson A. , Katori T. , Rakovich A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Liquid scintillators are typically composed from organic
compounds dissolved in organic solvents. However, usage of such
material is often restricted due to fire safety and environmental
reasons. Because of this, R&D of water-based liquid scintillators
is of extreme relevance; yet, no such scintillators have been made
commercially available as yet. Here, we investigate an alternative,
water-based quantum dots liquid scintillator. Pre-determined and
controllable optical properties of the quantum dots, as well as the
existence of large libraries of established protocols for their
dispersion in aqueous solutions, make them an attractive option for
nuclear and particle physics applications. We characterize the
optical properties of water-based quantum dots liquid scintillator
and find that most of its optical properties are preserved upon
quantum dots' phase transfer into water, through the addition of an
oleic acid hydrophilic layer. Using the developed scintillator, the
time and charge responses from atmospheric muons are measured,
highlighting the practical viability of water-based quantum dots
liquid scintillators for nuclear and particle physics, special
interest on neutrino physics.
Tailoring zirconia surface topography via femtosecond laser-induced nanoscale features: effects on osteoblast cells and antibacterial properties
Authors: Ghalandarzadeh Arash , Ganjali Monireh , Hosseini Milad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The performance and long-term durability of dental implants hinge on the quality of bone integration and their resistance to bacteria. This research aims to introduce a surface modification strategy for zirconia implants utilizing femtosecond laser ablation techniques, exploring their impact on osteoblast cell behavior and bacterial performance, as well as the integral factors influencing the soft tissue quality surrounding dental implants. Ultrafast lasers were employed to craft nanoscale groove geometries on zirconia surfaces, with thorough analyses conducted using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and water contact angle measurements. The study evaluated the response of human fetal osteoblastic cell lines to textured zirconia ceramics by assessing alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen I, and interleukin 1β secretion over a 7 day period. Additionally, the antibacterial behavior of the textured surfaces was investigated using Fusobacterium nucleatum, a common culprit in infections associated with dental implants. Ciprofloxacin (CIP), a widely used antibacterial antibiotic, was loaded onto zirconia ceramic surfaces. The results of this study unveiled a substantial reduction in bacterial adhesion on textured zirconia surfaces. The fine biocompatibility of these surfaces was confirmed through the MTT assay and observations of cell morphology. Moreover, the human fetal osteoblastic cell line exhibited extensive spreading and secreted elevated levels of collagen I and interleukin 1β in the modified samples. Drug release evaluations demonstrated sustained CIP release through a diffusion mechanism, showcasing excellent antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli.
Can blue–green infrastructure counteract the effects of climate change on combined sewer overflows? Study of a swiss catchment
Authors: Cavadini Giovan Battista , Rodriguez Mayra , Nguyen Trang , Cook Lauren M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Combined sewer overflows (CSOs), the discharge of untreated sewage mixed with stormwater into surface waters, are expected to increase under climate change as a result of more extreme rainfall. Blue–green infrastructure (BGI), such as bioretention cells and porous pavements, can help to reduce the amount of stormwater entering combined sewer systems, thus reducing CSO discharge. However, our understanding of the potential for BGI to mitigate CSOs in a future climate is still lacking, as performance is typically evaluated for individual BGI elements with fixed implementation areas under historical climate conditions or limited future scenarios. In response, this study investigates the performance of 30 combinations of BGI elements and implementation rates to prevent increases in CSOs under a range of future climate scenarios in an urban catchment near Zurich, Switzerland. Median total annual rainfall, projected to increase by as much as 46%, could double the median annual CSO volume and increase median annual CSO frequency by up to 52%. Four BGI combinations that include bioretention cells show the most promise to prevent increases in CSO volume and frequency in a future climate; and given the diverse responses of BGI elements to distinct rainfall patterns, their combinations can enhance CSO discharge reduction across varying climate patterns. BGI is also likely to become more cost-effective under future climatic conditions as projected increases in total rainfall led to larger CSO volume reductions obtained through BGI. However, there is a trade-off between robustness to climate change and cost-effectiveness, since CSO volume reduction capacity scales with BGI implementation rate but cost-effectiveness declines. Our study illustrates the effectiveness of various BGI combinations to prevent increases in CSOs in a future climate, calling for a range of BGI elements and implementation areas to be considered for urban drainage adaptation.
Temporal and spatial changes in the environmental lapse rate distribution over the Arctic
Authors: Zhang Zelu , Bamber Jonathan , Igneczi Adam 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Environmental Lapse Rate (ELR) depicts how the temperature near the surface varies with altitude and can be used for temperature downscaling coarse resolution data and for understanding boundary layer processes. We calculated the ELR using ERA5 reanalysis data, examined its temporal and larger-scale spatial variability, and found a prevalent seasonal ELR cycle over the Arctic. There are extensive positive ELR values resulting from pervasive inversions over most of the Arctic in winter; hence, we also explored the possible factors that lead to inversions in polar regions. Our results can serve as a reference for future research on the inversions in different morphological regions at different pressure levels. By improving the characterization of the ELR, we obtain a more explicit representation of the vertical temperature variation across the Arctic region and examine potential trends in ELR over time. Our results challenge the commonly assumed fixed ELR values that are typically used in the Arctic region in, for example, correcting ice-core temperature reconstructions or estimating higher-resolution runoff from land ice.
Roadmap on optical communications
Authors: Agrell Erik , Karlsson Magnus , Poletti Francesco , Namiki Shu , Chen Xi (Vivian) , Rusch Leslie A , Puttnam Benjamin , Bayvel Polina , Schmalen Laurent , Tao Zhenning , Kschischang Frank R , Alvarado Alex , Mukherjee Biswanath , Casellas Ramon , Zhou Xiang , van Veen Dora , Mohs Georg , Wong Elaine , Mecozzi Antonio , Alouini Mohamed-Slim , Diamanti Eleni , Uysal Murat 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Covid-19 pandemic showed forcefully the fundamental importance broadband data communication and the internet has in our society. Optical communications forms the undisputable backbone of this critical infrastructure, and it is supported by an interdisciplinary research community striving to improve and develop it further. Since the first ‘Roadmap of optical communications’ was published in 2016, the field has seen significant progress in all areas, and time is ripe for an update of the research status. The optical communications area has become increasingly diverse, covering research in fundamental physics and materials science, high-speed electronics and photonics, signal processing and coding, and communication systems and networks. This roadmap describes state-of-the-art and future outlooks in the optical communications field. The article is divided into 20 sections on selected areas, each written by a leading expert in that area. The sections are thematically grouped into four parts with 4–6 sections each, covering, respectively, hardware, algorithms, networks and systems. Each section describes the current status, the future challenges, and development needed to meet said challenges in their area. As a whole, this roadmap provides a comprehensive and unprecedented overview of the contemporary optical communications research, and should be essential reading for researchers at any level active in this field.
Multidimensional fluorescence spectroscopy of wine using synchronous excitation/emission matrices and time-resolved fluorescence interferometric detection
Authors: Mori Sakuya , Hall Christopher R , Bradley Siobhan J , Smith Trevor A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Wines are complex mixtures of chemical compounds with broad and overlapping absorption and emission spectral features in the UV and visible spectral regions, making them challenging to study with conventional optical spectroscopic techniques. Multidimensional fluorescence spectroscopies correlate fluorescence spectra with other degrees of freedom, and have proven useful for studying complex molecular systems, offering a pathway for the analysis of wines utilising their inherent fluorescence. Here we employ steady-state excitation-emission matrix (EEM) and time-resolved fluorescence spectral measurements to investigate representative commercial white and red wine samples and a fluorescent ‘model’ wine base. Combining these multidimensional measurement methods provides information on the emission characteristics of the components that wines contain. This investigation illustrates the potential for multidimensional fluorescence techniques as diagnostic tools for the wine industry.
The influence of tourist values on environmental responsibility behavior—a multi-case study from Guilin
Authors: Zhou Huiling , Tang Kaixuan , Huang Longfang , Jiang Yajun , Wu Ke 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Cultivating tourists’ environmental responsibility behavior is an effective way to relieve the pressure of ecological environment in tourist destinations. Based on the value-attitude-behavior theory, this paper constructs a relationship model of values, ecotourism attitude, social responsibility awareness and environmental responsibility behavior, and explores the mechanism of tourists’ values influence on environmental responsibility behavior. Taking three scenic areas (Mao’er Mountain, Yulong River and Xingping Ancient Town) in the Lijiang River Basin of Guilin, a world-famous tourist destination in China, as a case study, the structural equation model is used to test the theoretical hypotheses of tourists’ environmental responsibility behavior. The results of the three studies show that values have a significant positive impact on tourists’ environmental responsibility behavior, while ecotourism attitude cannot directly affect tourists’ environmental responsibility behavior, but values can indirectly affect tourists’ environmental responsibility behavior through the chain intermediary of ecotourism attitude and social responsibility awareness. The findings of the study can effectively guide tourists’ environmental responsibility behavior, which has far-reaching significance for the sustainable development of tourist destinations.
Background suppression for volcano muography with machine learning
Authors: Galgóczi Gábor , Albrecht Gábor , Hamar Gergő , Varga Dezső 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A machine learning (ML) algorithm (deep neural network) is presented to suppress background in muography applications mainly targeting volcanoes. Additionally it could be applied for large scale geological structures, such as ophiolites. The detector system investigated in this article is designed to suppress the low energy background by applying up to 5 lead absorber layers arranged among 8 detectors. This complicated system was simulated with a Monte-Carlo based particle simulation to provide training sample for the ML algorithm. It is shown that the developed deep neural network is capable of suppressing the low energy background considerably better than the classical tracking algorithm, therefore this additional suppression with ML yields in a significant improvement. The target areas of volcanoes lie beneath approximately a kilometer of rock that only a fraction of a percent of muons have enough energy to penetrate. The ML algorithm takes advantage of the directional changes in the absorbers, as well as the correlation between the muons energy and the deposited energy in the detectors. Identifying very high energy muons is also a challenge: the classical algorithm discards considerable fraction of 1 TeV muons which create multiple hits due to bremsstrahlung, while the ML algorithm easily adapts to accept such patterns.