bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human phenotype ontology annotation and cluster analysis to unravel genetic defects in 707 cases with unexplained bleeding and platelet disorders
Authors: Westbury Sarah K , Turro Ernest , Greene Daniel , Lentaigne Claire , Kelly Anne M , Bariana Tadbir K , Simeoni Ilenia , Pillois Xavier , Attwood Antony , Austin Steve , Jansen Sjoert BG , Bakchoul Tamam , Crisp-Hihn Abi , Erber Wendy N , Favier Rémi , Foad Nicola , Gattens Michael , Jolley Jennifer D , Liesner Ri , Meacham Stuart , Millar Carolyn M , Nurden Alan T , Peerlinck Kathelijne , Perry David J , Poudel Pawan , Schulman Sol , Schulze Harald , Stephens Jonathan C , Furie Bruce , Robinson Peter N , van Geet Chris , Rendon Augusto , Gomez Keith , Laffan Michael A , Lambert Michele P , Nurden Paquita , Ouwehand Willem H , Richardson Sylvia , Mumford Andrew D , Freson Kathleen ,   on behalf of the BRIDGE-BPD Consortium
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Background
Heritable bleeding and platelet disorders (BPD) are heterogeneous and frequently have an unknown genetic basis. The BRIDGE-BPD study aims to discover new causal genes for BPD by high throughput sequencing using cluster analyses based on improved and standardised deep, multi-system phenotyping of cases.

Methods
We report a new approach in which the clinical and laboratory characteristics of BPD cases are annotated with adapted Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) terms. Cluster analyses are then used to characterise groups of cases with similar HPO terms and variants in the same genes.

Results
We show that 60% of index cases with heritable BPD enrolled at 10 European or US centres were annotated with HPO terms indicating abnormalities in organ systems other than blood or blood-forming tissues, particularly the nervous system. Cases within pedigrees clustered closely together on the bases of their HPO-coded phenotypes, as did cases sharing several clinically suspected syndromic disorders. Cases subsequently found to harbour variants in ACTN1 also clustered closely, even though diagnosis of this recently described disorder was not possible using only the clinical and laboratory data available to the enrolling clinician.

Conclusions
These findings validate our novel HPO-based phenotype clustering methodology for known BPD, thus providing a new discovery tool for BPD of unknown genetic basis. This approach will also be relevant for other rare diseases with significant genetic heterogeneity.
Multivalued SK-contractions with respect to b-generalized pseudodistances
Authors: Gabeleh Moosa , Plebaniak Robert 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA new class of multivalued non-self-mappings, called SK-contractions with respect to b-generalized pseudodistances, is introduced and used to investigate the existence of best proximity points by using an appropriate geometric property. Some new fixed point results in b-metric spaces are also obtained. Examples are given to support the usability of our main results.
Outrun radiation damage with electrons?
Authors: Egerton Ray F 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe diffract-before-destroy method, using 50- to 100-fs x-ray pulses from a free-electron laser, was designed to determine the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in close to their natural state. Here we explore the possibility of using short electron pulses for the same purpose and the related question of whether radiation damage can be outrun with electrons. Major problems include Coulomb repulsion within the incident beam and the need for high lateral coherence, difficulties that are discussed in terms of existing and future electron sources. Using longer pulses of electrons appears to make the attainment of near-atomic resolution more feasible, at least for nanocrystalline particles, whereas obtaining this information from single-molecule particles in an aqueous environment seems a more distant goal. We also consider the possibility of serial crystallography using a liquid jet injector with a continuous electron beam in a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
Inflammatory and Cardiometabolic Risk on Obesity: Role of Environmental Xenoestrogens
Authors: Teixeira Diana , Pestana Diogo , Santos Cristina , Correia-Sá Luísa , Marques Cláudia , Norberto Sónia , Meireles Manuela , Faria Ana , Silva Ricardo , Faria Gil , Sá Carla , Freitas Paula , Taveira-Gomes António , Domingues Valentina , Delerue-Matos Cristina , Calhau Conceição , Monteiro Rosário 
Published: April 2015

Abstract

Context:
Some chemicals used in consumer products or manufacturing (eg, plastics, pesticides) have estrogenic activities; these xenoestrogens (XEs) may affect immune responses and have recently emerged as a new risk factors for obesity and cardiovascular disease. However, the extent and impact on health of chronic exposure of the general population to XEs are still unknown.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to investigate the levels of XEs in plasma and adipose tissue (AT) depots in a sample of pre- and postmenopausal obese women undergoing bariatric surgery and their cardiometabolic impact in an obese state.

Design and Participants:
We evaluated XE levels in plasma and visceral and subcutaneous AT samples of Portuguese obese (body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m2) women undergoing bariatric surgery. Association with metabolic parameters and 10-year cardiovascular disease risk was assessed, according to menopausal status (73 pre- and 48 postmenopausal). Levels of XEs were determined by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected prior to surgery. Adipocyte size was determined on tissue sections obtained during surgery.

Results:
Our data show that XEs are pervasive in this obese population. Distribution of individual and concentration of total XEs differed between plasma, visceral AT, and subcutaneous AT, and the pattern of accumulation was different between pre- and postmenopausal women. Significant associations between XE levels and metabolic and inflammatory parameters were found. In premenopausal women, XEs in plasma seem to be a predictor of 10-year cardiovascular disease risk.

Conclusions:
Our findings point toward a different distribution of XE between plasma and AT in pre- and postmenopausal women, and reveal the association between XEs on the development of metabolic abnormalities in obese premenopausal women.
Aldehyde-specific Quinazoline Ring-Closure for Highly Sensitive Fluorescent and Redox Formaldehyde Detection
Authors: Huang Wei , Shen Fuxing , Wu Dayu 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Structurally tunable small signaling molecules have been specifically designed to probe-free formaldehyde concentrations as low as 0.1 ppm, establishing the utility of probing the exposure limit for safe human consumption according to the guidelines suggested by W.H.O. The substrate, 2-aminobenzoylhydrazide, fluorescent core skeleton was designed for the construction of diverse quinazoline compounds with combinatorial substituent-pending potentials via rapid condensation reactions with aldehyde groups. After identifying the fluorescent species by 1H NMR and X-ray crystallography, we demonstrate that the fluorescent emission is substituent dependent and that, by simple structural variation, the fluorescence can be tunable through controlling internal charge transfer (ICT) within a dye platform. Finally, by introducing more electron-rich ferrocene into the substrate to further undermine the ICT process, we demonstrate highly sensitive formaldehyde sensing through dual signal output, including fluorescence and redox potential.
Photoinduced Crystallization in Ionic Liquids: Photodimerization-induced Equilibrium Shift and Crystal Patterning
Authors: Hisamitsu Shota , Yanai Nobuhiro , Fujikawa Shigenori , Kimizuka Nobuo 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
An ionic liquid (IL) composed of 9-anthracenecarboxylate anion and ammonium cation possessing three diethylene glycol chains shows phototriggered dimerization of anthracence chromophores. It causes segregation and crystallization of protonated 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid dimer, which is associated with the concurrent liberation of the free amine in the IL. This work provides a new molecular design for photoresponsive ILs, whose first application for site-selective photopatterning is demonstrated.
Adherence to Artemisinin Combination Therapy for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Siddiqui M. Ruby , Willis Andrew , Bil Karla , Singh Jatinder , Mukomena Sompwe Eric , Ariti Cono 
Published: April 2015

Between 2011 and 2013 the number of recorded malaria cases had more than doubled, and between 2009 and 2013 had increased almost 4-fold in MSF-OCA (Médecins sans Frontières – Operational Centre Amsterdam) programmes in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The reasons for this rise are unclear. Incorrect intake of Artemisinin Combination Therapy (ACT) could result in failure to treat the infection and potential recurrence. An adherence study was carried out to assess whether patients were completing the full course of ACT.One hundred and eight malaria patients in Shamwana, Katanga province, DRC were visited in their households the day after ACT was supposed to be completed. They were asked a series of questions about ACT administration and the blister pack was observed (if available).Sixty seven (62.0%) patients were considered probably adherent. This did not take into account the patients that vomited or spat their pills or took them at the incorrect time of day, in which case adherence dropped to 46 (42.6%). The most common reason that patients gave for incomplete/incorrect intake was that they were vomiting or felt unwell (10 patients (24.4%), although the reasons were not recorded for 22 (53.7%) patients). This indicates that there may be poor understanding of the importance of completing the treatment or that the side effects of ACT were significant enough to over-ride the pharmacy instructions.Adherence to ACT was poor in this setting. Health education messages emphasising the need to complete ACT even if patients vomit doses, feel unwell or their health conditions improve should be promoted.
Do Your Online Friends Make You Pay? A Randomized Field Experiment on Peer Influence in Online Social Networks
Authors: Bapna Ravi , Umyarov Akhmed 
Published: April 2015

Demonstrating compelling causal evidence of the existence and strength of peer-to-peer influence has become the holy grail of modern research in online social networks. In these networks, it has been consistently demonstrated that user characteristics and behavior tend to cluster both in space and in time. There are multiple well-known rival mechanisms that compete to be the explanation for this observed clustering. These range from peer influence to homophily to other unobservable external stimuli. These multiple mechanisms lead to similar observational data, yet have vastly different policy implications. In this paper, we present a novel randomized experiment that tests the existence of causal peer influence in the general population—one that did not involve subject recruitment for experimentation—of a particular large-scale online social network. We utilize a unique social feature to exogenously induce adoption of a paid service among a group of randomly selected users, and in the process develop a clean exogenous randomization of treatment and control groups. A variety of nonparametric, semiparametric, and parametric approaches, ranging from resampling-based inference to ego-level random effects to logistic regression to survival models, yield close to identical, statistically and economically significant estimates of peer influence in the general population of a freemium social network. Our estimates show that peer influence causes more than a 60% increase in odds of buying the service due to the influence coming from an adopting friend. In addition, we find that users with a smaller number of friends experience stronger relative increase in the adoption likelihood due to influence from their peers as compared to the users with a larger number of friends. Our nonparametric resampling procedure-based estimates are helpful in situations of networked data that violate independence assumptions. We establish that peer influence is a powerful force in getting users from free to premium levels, a known challenge in freemium communities.This paper was accepted by Sandra Slaughter, information systems.
Peer-assisted teaching and learning in paramedic education: a pilot study
Authors: Fox Michael , Winship Christian , Williams Whitney , Leaf Sinead , Boyd Leanne , McKenna Lisa , Williams Brett 
Published: April 2015

Background: Peer-assisted teaching and learning continues to grow internationally as a useful pedagogical strategy in health professional education. Paramedics are continually engaged in teaching students, other health professionals, patients and their families—so experience teaching peers during their university education may increase their confidence when teaching as a paramedic. Objectives: This project aims to explore: i) third-year students’ experiences of teaching and assessing junior students, and ii) first-year students’ experiences of being taught and assessed by senior students. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was used to investigate peer-assisted teaching and learning among paramedic first and third-years at Monash University using the Peer Teaching Experience Questionnaire and the Clinical Teaching Preference Questionnaire. Both self-reporting measures used a 5-point Likert scale. Results: A total of 154 students participated in the study: n=127 first-years (n=87 control group, n=40 intervention group), and n=27 third-years (n=8 control group and n=19 intervention group). The majority of students were <26 years of age, n=130 (84%) and female n=100 (63%). Ninety-four percent (n=120) first-year students felt (strongly agree or agree) ‘teaching is an important role for paramedics’. Almost two-thirds n=82 (64%) felt (strongly agree or agree) ‘being taught by peers increased their collaboration with other students compared with their instructor’. Conclusions: Preliminary results support the utility of peer-assisted teaching and learning in undergraduate paramedic education, and suggest that larger scale studies take place in the future. Consideration should be given for inclusion into existing paramedic curricula nationally.
Use of an autologous leucocyte and platelet-rich fibrin patch on hard-to-heal DFUs: a pilot study
Authors: Löndahl M. , Tarnow L. , Karlsmark T. , Lundquist R. , Nielsen A.M. , Michelsen M. , Nilsson A. , Zakrzewski M. , Jörgensen B. 
Published: April 2015

Objective: Leucopatch is a leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin patch that provides concentrated blood cells and signal substances to the surface of an ulcer. It is produced by centrifugation of the patient's own venous blood. The aim of this pilot multicentre cohort study was to evaluate effects of the leucocyte patch in patients with hard-to-heal diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Method: Non-ischaemic Wagner grade 1 or 2 DFUs with a duration of more than 6 weeks and a maximal area of 10cm2 were included. Patients with >40% ulcer area change during a two-week run-in period were excluded. The treatment was applied once a week for up to 19 treatments or until the foot ulcer was completely epithelialised. The primary endpoint was healing within 20 weeks. Results: Of the 60 patients who gave consent 16 were excluded during run-in period, 44 patients initiated study treatment and 39 were included in the per-protocol analysis. Complete epithelisation was achieved in 34% (per-protocol analysis 36%) at 12 weeks and 52% (59%) at 20 weeks. In patients with ulcer duration less than 6 months, 73% of ulcers healed within 20 weeks. Patients with healed ulcers had larger ulcer area reduction during the first two treatment weeks compared to non-healers. Adverse events were mild and rare. Conclusion: The leucocyte patch is well-tolerated, easy to use and has potential in the armamentarium of the DFU treatment, provided this outcome is confirmed in an appropriately powered randomised clinical trial. Declaration of interest: M.L and L.T have received consultation fees from Reapplix A/S. R.L. is co-inventor of the Leucopatch technology. All other authors declare no duality of interest associated with this manuscript. This study was financed by Reapplix A/S. Time to data analysis and manuscript preparations have been financed by Medical Faculty (ALF), Lund University, Lund Sweden.
A 9-year retrospective evaluation of 102 pressure ulcer reconstructions
Authors: Kenneweg K.A. , Welch M.C. , Welch P.J. 
Published: April 2015

Objective: Several pressure ulcer (PU) risk factors including paralysis and age greater than 70 have been identified, while others such as nutrition are debated. The object of this study is to identify perioperative risk factors that may predict improved outcomes and reduced complications in primary and recurrent PU reconstructions. Method: A retrospective chart review of patients treated surgically for PUs from 2004 to 2013 at the University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio, US, was completed. Data collected included ulcer and medical history, as well as risk factors, complications and postoperative outcome. Data were statistically analysed for perioperative variances between primary and recurrent ulcers and closure status. Results: A total of 49 patients with 102 reconstructions were reviewed. Spinal cord injured patients accounted for 90% receiving flap coverage of ulcers. Numerous differences between primary and recurrent ulcers were identified, including ulcer location, patient nutritional status, wound infection, postoperative course and recurrence. Multivariate analysis revealed a flap reconstruction prediction model using creatinine, haematocrit, haemoglobin, and prealbumin that is able to successfully predict closure outcome in 83.6% of cases. Conclusion: Many factors play a role in the development, course and treatment of PUs. It is vital to understand the role of patient risk factors in the development of PUs, to direct subsequent management and reconstruction, and to prevent future recurrences. Declaration of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
The keys to success: Supplemental measures of player expertise in Massively Multiplayer Online Games
Authors: Bergstrom Kelly , Jenson Jennifer , Hydomako Richard , de Castell Suzanne 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
In this article we describe an investigation of player expertise deployed as part of a mixed-methods longitudinal, multi-site study that examined whether and how players’ offline characteristics are recognizable in their online interactions in Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOGs). After detailing our methodology and analytical toolkit, we narrow our focus to a case study that examines three players with previous experience in First-Person Shooter (FPS) games playing Rift (Trion Worlds 2011) (a fantasy-themed MMOG) for the very first time. This case study illuminates how interpretation of data can be inadvertently influenced by the researcher’s choice of technologies and methods employed in their study design. In particular, we demonstrate that initial research assessments of a player’s level of skill may be inaccurate and how the use of multiple data sources acts as a means for triangulating observations and analyses providing a richer – yet more complicated – view of player expertise.
A massively moral game? Mass Effect as a case study to understand the influence of players’ moral intuitions on adherence to hero or antihero play styles
Authors: Boyan Andy , Grizzard Matthew , Bowman Nicholas 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This research examines relationships regarding moral foundations and moral decisions in the Mass Effect video game series. The findings suggest that moral foundation predicts what type of moral decisions a player will make during play. This research reports an online survey (N=138) that asked participants the salience of their moral foundations, along with the moral path, either traditionally heroic (paragon) or traditionally antiheroic (renegade), they chose in their first time playing through the Mass Effect series. The results indicate that moral foundations predict the extent to which game path players choose, but only with regard to the harm/care moral foundation. These findings are discussed in light of game design and the potential for game designers to use morality as a game mechanic beyond the harm foundation and into realms of more nuanced moral situations in game narratives.
Plans and co-situated factions: An evaluation of Avatar Affordances in Rift’s character creation interface
Authors: McArthur Victoria , Jenson Jennifer 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This article sets out a new analytic framework for the systematic analysis of character creation interfaces (CCIs) in Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOGs) and Virtual Worlds (VWs), the Avatar Affordances Framework. To model this framework, we present an analysis of the CCIs from Rift (Trion Worlds 2011) and explore the pragmatics of avatar customization through a micro-ethnographic user study involving 39 participants. Our motivation is to highlight the agency of interfaces; to make visible their participation, via affordances, in self-representational practices that have hitherto been taken as a kind of direct relationship: one is as one represents oneself online.
Apolo e Mársias: certame ou duelo musical?
Authors: Cerqueira Fábio Vergara 
Published: April 2015

We study the mythological treatment of thesymbolic duality between the lýra and the aulós in the ancient Greek music. We analyze the mythological complex that includes the following narratives: a) the invention of the aulós and its later disposal by Athena, b) the adoption of the aulós by the Silenus Marsyas, and c) the musical duel between Apollo and Marsyas, and its consequences. We compare the mythological approach of this complex in the literary and graphic traditions. Concerning the literary tradition, we focus on the following authors: Pindar (Pythian, XII), Melanipides (ap. Athenaeus), Herodotus, Xenophon (Anabasis), Apollodorus (Library) and Ovid (Metamorphoses, Fasti). With respect to the iconographic tradition, we bring mainly the painting of Attic and Apulian vases, as well as the Etruscan vases and mirrors, besides the sculptural groups known by Pliny the Elder and Pausanias. The popularity of this mythological theme, in the literature as in the vase painting, leads us to the philosophical, pedagogic, political and esthetical debate covered by the symbolic dichotomy between aulós and lýra. And furthermore it is an important component of an allegedly hegemonic system of thought, characterized by normative goals concerning culture and social behavior.