bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic quantitative monitoring of cerebrospinal fluid monoamine neurotransmitter markers during the modeling process of chronic stress‐induced depression in monkeys (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Li Siyu , Feng Xiaoli 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundDepression is known as the “mental cold” and is also considered a major cause of disability worldwide. It is estimated that over 300 million people worldwide suffer from severe depression, equivalent to 4.4% of the world's population. The monoamine hypothesis of depression predicts the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of depression, but in‐depth research has failed to find convincing evidence.MethodIn this study, we will dynamically and strictly quantitatively monitor the concentration changes of monoamine transmitters in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of macaques, based on our previous work. In the experiment, timed and quantitative collection of CSF samples from macaques was performed and the concentration of monoamine transmitters was determined.ResultThe results showed that after 2 months of chronic stress, the concentrations of high vanillin acid (HVA) and 3,4‐dihydroxy‐phenylacetic acid were significantly higher in the maternal separation (MS) group, whereas there was no significant difference in dopamine and 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acid.ConclusionThis study is the first to observe the long‐term dynamic relationship between early adversity, chronic stress, adolescent depression, and CSF monoamine concentrations. The research suggests that MS and chronic stress play an undeniable role in the pathogenesis of depression and that concentrations of HVA and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid are likely to serve as early markers of depressive‐like symptoms in macaques.
Lived experience of driving in individuals with functional neurological disorder
Authors: Lagrand Tjerk J. , van der Hoeven Iris , Vaezipour Atiyeh , Palmer David D. G. , Hill Andrew , Horswill Mark S. , Lehn Alexander C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundFunctional neurological disorder (FND) is a common neurological diagnosis that encapsulates a range of incapacitating clinical presentations. These include functional seizures, movement disorders, and sensory disturbances. Safe driving requires both cognitive skills and physical abilities, which may be impacted by FND symptoms. The primary objective of this study was to gain deeper insights into the challenges faced by people with FND when driving.MethodsA qualitative study and interpretative phenomenological analysis were conducted. Individuals experiencing functional seizures and/or movement disorders completed both questionnaires and semi‐structured interviews about FND symptoms, driving behavior, and crashes.ResultsA total of 26 patients with FND participated in this study. Based on the interviews, four key themes were identified: (1) driving difficulties experienced by individuals with FND; (2) strategies utilized by people with FND to overcome difficulties experienced while driving; (3) barriers preventing driving challenges being addressed in this population; and (4) crashes and perceived dangerous driving events experienced by individuals with FND. All participants reported that driving a car provoked FND symptoms and this affected their driving ability. FND sufferers reported using a number of strategies such as limiting how far they drive and relying on advanced driver assistance system features to help manage their associated symptoms, such as fatigue and/or pain. Several participants reported crashes and perceived dangerous driving events since developing FND.ConclusionIndividuals experiencing FND often employ self‐regulation techniques, yet the extent to which these methods enhance driving safety remains uncertain. The variable nature of the disorder makes judging an individual's driving risk particularly difficult. The themes emerging from the interviews highlighted the need for further empirical research to inform guidelines and best practice when determining the impact of FND on an individual's driving safety
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Greenwashing, carbon emission, and ESG
Authors: Treepongkaruna Sirimon , Au Yong Hue Hwa , Thomsen Steen , Kyaw Khine 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRecent decades have seen an increasingly awareness of climate changes, putting a pressure on companies to do more to deal with carbon emission. One of the popular measures used in assessing how well a company commits to sustainable development and reduces carbon emissions is ESG ratings. Given the importance of both ESG ratings and carbon footprints on our society and the target of net zero by 2050, we explore the relation between carbon emission and the Refinitiv ESG scores for the US sample from 2005 to 2018. Our findings indicate that high ESG‐rated or environment‐rated firms do not have lower carbon emissions. It appears that these firms are not incentivized to do more for environment, as they have already been awarded with good publicity for being environmentally friendly. Finally, our findings also support the ‘cheap talk’ concept, greenwashing hypothesis and legitimacy theory. Companies are not genuinely committed to climate action.
Integrating Biocatalysts into Metal‐Organic Frameworks: Disentangling the Roles of Affinity, Molecular Weight, and Size
Authors: Greifenstein Raphael , Röhrs Dhana , Ballweg Tim , Pfeifer Juliana , Gottwald Eric , Takamiya Masanari , Franzreb Matthias , Wöll Christof 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe integration of biocatalysts within metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) is attracting growing interest due to its potential to both enhance biocatalyst stability and sustain biocatalyst activity in organic solvents. However, the factors that facilitate the post‐synthetic infiltration of such large molecules into MOF pores remain unclear. This systematic study enabled the identification of the influence of biocatalyst molecular size, molecular weight and affinity on the uptake by an archetypal MOF, NU‐1000. We analyzed a range of six biocatalysts with molecular weights from 1.9 kDa to 44.4 kDa, respectively. By employing a combination of fluorescence tagging and 3D‐STED confocal laser scanning microscopy, we distinguished between biocatalysts that were internalized within the MOF pores and those sterically excluded. The catalytic functions of the biocatalysts hosted within the MOF were investigated and found to show strong variations relative to the solvated case, ranging from a two‐fold increase to a strong decrease.
Twist along Central C−C Bonds in a Series of Fully π‐Fused Propellanes
Authors: Kato Kenichi , Tanaka Kensaku , Okada Seina , Kaneda Tomoya , Ohtani Shunsuke , Ogoshi Tomoki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWithout stereogenic carbon centers, organic molecules can be chiral when they have large energy barriers for conformational inversion. In this work, conformational behaviors are investigated for a series of tricyclic propellane skeletons with increasing 6‐membered‐ring peripheral moieties fused with aromatic rings. According to theoretical calculations, trinaphtho[3.3.3]propellane has three vertical naphthalene rings like triptycene shape without torsion along the central C−C single bond. On the other hand, hexabenzo[4.4.4]propellane shows hexaphenylethane‐like ca. 60° twist along the bond with large activation energy of 64 kcal mol−1 for twist inversion because of the high congestion caused by three 6‐membered‐ring loops. Indeed, the [4.4.4]propellane gives a stable pair of chiroptical enantiomers toward heating at 146 °C. By contrast, a hybrid [4.3.3]propellane exhibits fast interconversion between two twisted conformations even at −80 °C.
VoWiFi cell capacity improvement using A‐MPDU frame aggregation technique for VBR traffic
Authors: Chinmay Ayes , Pati Hemanta Kumar 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThe expanding popularity of Voice over WiFi (VoWiFi) necessitates a concerted effort to identify novel ways to increase VoWiFi cell capacity. The primary objective of this study is to increase the capacity of VoWiFi cells by means of frame aggregation of aggregate MAC protocol data unit (A‐MPDU) for variable bit rate (VBR) traffic. Taking into account Arbitration Inter‐frame Spacing (AIFS), Compressed RTP (cRTP) and A‐MPDU frames, we devised a formula to calculate an approximate number of concurrent VoWiFi users that can coexist with no detriment to the quality‐of‐service (QoS) of existing VoWiFi calls over the Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) standards. Here, we used AIFS to determine the channel's health before sending Voice over WiFi data and Short Inter‐frame Spacing (SIFS) to transfer frames such as Request To Send (RTS)/Clear To Send (CTS) and Acknowledgement (ACK). We have used our suggested model to analyse the capacity of VoWiFi cells in IEEE 802.11b/g/n/ac/ax/be Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)s with VBR traffic utilising DCF Inter‐frame Spacing (DIFS) and AIFS. For IEEE 802.11b/g/n/ac/ax/be, we also determined the most number of MAC protocol data unit (MPDU)s that may be combined into a single A‐MPDU. We have also studied the impact of voice packet retransmission on the cell capacity of a WLAN standard that offers VoWiFi service while taking A‐MPDU method into account. We have compared the results gained using IEEE 802.11be with earlier WLAN standards like IEEE 802.11b/g/n/ac/ax considering the constant bit rate (CBR) and VBR traffics.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Umpolung Allylation of Isatin‐Derived Azomethine Imines with Vinylcyclopropanes
Authors: Wang Yue , Wei Xingfu , Qu Jingping , Wang Baomin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA Pd‐catalyzed umpolung allylation of isatin‐derived azomethine imines with vinyl cyclopropanes was disclosed. This protocol provides an efficient and atom‐economic approach to access an array of structurally interesting allylic aminooxindole derivatives in good yields and linear‐selectivities (up to 95 % yield). Further product derivatization and asymmetric catalytic studies proved the practicability of reaction and potential application.
Development of a Glassy Carbon Paste Electrode Modified With a Copper Decorated Carbon Nanotubes Composite for Sensitive Vanillin Determination
Authors: Arbneshi Tahir , Kalcher Kurt , Aliu Ariana , Maloku Mirlinda , Holzmann‐Russ Miriam , Jauk Susanne , Samphao Anchalee , Ortner Astrid 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, a novel electroanalytical platform for the sensitive quantification of vanillin, an essential flavouring substance widely utilized in various industries, is presented. The design of the platform involves the modification of a glassy carbon paste electrode (GCPE) with copper nanoparticles decorated multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The developed copper nanoparticlesdecMWCNTs/GCPE modified electrode exhibited a wide linear range (2.5–320 nM) with a detection limit of 0.7 nM. Interference tests confirmed the selectivity of the electrode in determining vanillin in complex matrices. The analysis of commercial samples of vanillin demonstrated its accuracy, yielding 92–103% recovery for vanillin content in commercial products. Furthermore, the electrode′s performance was validated through a comprehensive comparison of the electrochemical method with a well‐established high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The congruence between the electrochemical measurements and the HPLC data highlights its accuracy and shows its potential as a reliable alternative for vanillin quantification. The electrode′s exceptional sensitivity, selectivity, and accuracy position it as a valuable analytical method in various applications, including food quality assessment and other industries requiring rapid and precise analytical methods.
Comparison of the effect of consuming the prepared cakes with acorn flour and wheat flour following a hypocaloric diet on serum levels of leptin, endothelin, inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress parameters in obese and overweight patients with metabolic syndrome: A double‐blind clinical trial
Authors: Sadeghi‐Dehsahraei Hamed , Babajafari Siavash , Ashrafi Mahboobeh , Mohammadi‐Sartang Mohsen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMetabolic syndrome (MetS), which is a major consequence of obesity, increases mortality risks. Evidence shows favorable effects of nutritional approaches in the management of MetS. Accordingly, the use of functional foods has increased to enhance weight loss and reduce the risk factors associated with MetS. So, we aimed to investigate the effects of daily consumption of a functional acorn‐based cake in conjunction with energy‐restricted diet on some complications of patients with MetS. The study included 66 participants who were randomly assigned to either (A) a calorie‐restricted diet + functional cake (FC) (n = 33) or (B) a calorie‐restricted diet + a placebo cake (PC) (n = 33). Sociodemographic information, anthropometric measurements, dietary intakes, and serum biochemical parameters (inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, leptin, and endothelin) were measured before and after 8 weeks of intervention. Sixty‐three participants completed this trial. After adjustment for baseline levels, consumption of FC compared to the PC resulted in a significant decrease in IL‐6 (p = .03) and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (p = .04) levels. No differences were observed between groups with regard to serum malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, endothelin, and leptin levels (p > .05). Acorn‐based cake could improve inflammation as an adjunct to an energy‐restricted diet in overweight and obese patients with MetS. However, it is not clear whether acorn‐based cake can be used to prevent or treat MetS because of indecisive findings regarding its ability to manage oxidative stress and serum hormones.
Biomarkers of outcome in patients undergoing CD19 CAR‐T therapy for large B cell lymphoma
Authors: Gong Inna Y. , Tran Daisy , Saibil Samuel , Laister Rob C. , Kuruvilla John 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCD19‐directed autologous chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR‐T) therapy has transformed the management of relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B cell lymphoma (LBCL). Initially approved in the third line and beyond setting, CAR‐T is now standard of care (SOC) for second‐line treatment in patients with refractory disease or early relapse (progression within 12 months) following primary chemoimmunotherapy. Despite becoming SOC, most patients do not achieve complete response, and long‐term cure is only observed in approximately 40% of patients. Accordingly, there is an urgent need to better understand the mechanisms of treatment failure and to identify patients that are unlikely to benefit from SOC CAR‐T. The field needs robust biomarkers to predict treatment outcome, as better understanding of prognostic factors and mechanisms of resistance can inform on the design of novel treatment approaches for patients predicted to respond poorly to SOC CAR‐T. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of clinical, molecular, imaging, and cellular features that have been shown to influence outcomes of CAR‐T therapy in patients with R/R LBCL.
Aboriginal young people's experiences of type 2 diabetes diagnosis, management and support: A qualitative study in the Kimberley region of Western Australia
Authors: Spry Erica , Seear Kimberley , Harkin Ben , O'Donnell Vicki , Maple‐Brown Louise , Atkinson David , Kirkham Renae 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIssues AddressedIn Australia, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander young people in remote settings are most‐affected by young onset type 2 diabetes (T2D). It is necessary to understand young people's experiences, including factors impacting on self‐management, to improve models of care.MethodsA phenomenological methodology underpinned this qualitative study in Western Australia's Kimberley region. Two Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services supported recruitment of seven Aboriginal young people aged 12–24 with T2D, who participated in interviews. A carer and health professional of one young person in each site were also interviewed and relevant medical record data reviewed to assist with triangulation of data. De‐identified transcripts were inductively coded and a coding structure developed with oversight by a Kimberley Aboriginal researcher.ResultsYoung people reported varied experiences and emotions relating to a T2D diagnosis. Most recounted this was upsetting and some reported current negative impact on emotional wellbeing. Challenges with understanding and managing diabetes were highlighted, particularly regarding healthy eating, physical activity and medication. Family are a prominent source of self‐management support, with the intergenerational impact of diabetes being evident for each participant. Positive relationships with health professionals, entailing continuity of care, were valued.ConclusionsThere are significant emotional and medical challenges for young people with T2D and their families. Recommendations from this work will contribute to the development of local resources and initiatives to improve diabetes‐related support.So What?Alongside broader efforts to support good health at the societal level, enhanced health education and family‐oriented support structures including Aboriginal clinical staff for young people with T2D are needed.
The effectiveness of case management and nursing counselling among caregivers of patients with dementia: A pilot study
Authors: Yu Mei‐Ling , Chen Hung Ju , Chen Kee‐Hsin , Sung Jia‐Ying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAccording to the data released by the Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare in 2021, in 2019, 235,000 patients sought medical treatment for dementia‐related diseases at the National‐Health‐Insurance‐participating hospitals and clinics for more than three outpatient visits or had been hospitalised, and the number had increased by 15,000 from the previous year (Ministry of Health and Welfare, 2021). This implies that families are affected, causing tremendous physical, psychological, and economic pressures and burdens on the caregivers and families of the patient. The estimated social cost of caring for dementia families increased from $1.3 trillion in 2019 to $2.8 trillion in 2030 (World Health Organisation, 2021). Thus, long‐term care for the dementia population has become a critical issue in medical care and social services in Taiwan and worldwide. In 2017, Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare has been starting Dementia care policy with 10 years long‐term care plan through set up dementia care centre. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of dementia care centre for reducing the burden and improving the quality of life for caregivers of dementia patients. This pilot study adopts a quasi‐experimental research design and uses purposive sampling to select in house informal caregivers of dementia patients who are part of a dementia collaborative care programme at a medical centre in the northern region and were willing to participate in this study. Upon enrolment in the study, subjects were given a pre‐test, followed by a one‐hour face‐to‐face nursing consultation and assessment after 2 weeks. Subsequently, a telephone nursing consultation was conducted once a month for 3 months. Two weeks after completing all counselling sessions, a post‐test was administered to measure the caregiver burden with The Chinese version of the Caregiver Burden Inventory and the quality of life for caregivers with The ‘Chinese Health Questionnaire CHQ‐12’. After providing case management and nursing counselling, the total caregiver burden score significantly decreased from an average of 40.1 (SD = 21.6) at the pre‐test to an average of 38.6 (SD = 21.4) at the post‐test, reaching statistical significance (p < 0.01). The results of this study showed that providing dementia caregivers with case management and nursing consultation services helps improve the overall caregiver burden (particularly emotional burden and physical burden) as well as the health questionnaire scores. However, the social burden and time burden did not improve after receiving case management and counselling among caregivers; instead, post‐test scores of these aspects were significantly higher.
Exploring the relationship between blood platelet and other components utilizing count regression: A cross‐sectional study in Bangladesh
Authors: Honey Umme , Saleh SM Arif Bin , Salan Md. Sifat Ar , Kabir Mohammad Alamgir , Ali Akher 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsBlood, vital for transporting nutrients and maintaining balance, comprises red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, each pivotal. Imbalances lead to issues—low red cells cause fatigue (anemia), high white cells hint at infection, low counts raise infection risks. Using trendy statistical approaches, investigating the complex link between platelet counts and numerous blood components. Our investigation, leveraging count regression approaches, revealed deep insights into the interaction between platelet counts and other important hematological markers.MethodsA cross‐sectional study utilized data from 3120 individuals, including both male and female participants, who visited these hospitals between June 16, 2022 and December 17, 2022, to assess their blood samples through testing by using convenience non‐parametric sampling framework. Platelet count was taken into account as a measure of outcome in this research. This specific study region was chosen for its easy accessibility, which helped the seamless execution of the data‐gathering technique. Count regression, negative binomial regression, and quasi‐Poisson regression techniques have been employed for examining relationship of the data sets.ResultsThree different count regression models were utilized to assess the proper association between the response and the relevant covariates and we found negative binomial count regression model (Akaike information criterion = 76.55, Bayesian information criterion = 76.59, and deviance = 3.14) was providing comparatively better performance than others. Based on the chosen model we found white blood cell, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and eosinophils are significant but neutrophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte are not significant. We have also gone through proper model adequacy checking for our selected model and we found enough evidence to justify our model.ConclusionFrom the result, we found insightful remarks into the mechanisms involved in platelet production and regulation, which can aid in developing increased effective treatments and interventions to maintain optimal platelet levels and prevent health problems related to abnormal platelet counts.