bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopy‐assisted pancreaticoduodenectomy as minimally invasive surgery for periampullary tumors: a comparison of short‐term clinical outcomes of laparoscopy‐assisted pancreaticoduodenectomy and open pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Mendoza Arturo S. , Han Ho‐Seong , Yoon Yoo‐Seok , Cho Jai Young , Choi YoungRok 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundFew reports have described laparoscopy‐assisted pancreaticoduodenectomy (LAPD) as an alternative to the conventional open approach for periampullary tumors. The safety and feasibility of this procedure remain to be determined. In this study, we compared the short‐term clinical outcomes of LAPD with those of open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD).MethodsA retrospective review of patients who had undergone pancreaticoduodenectomy for periampullary tumors between June and December 2014 was conducted. Patient demographic data and their pathological and short‐term clinical parameters were compared between the LAPD and OPD groups.ResultsFifty‐two patients were included in the study: 18 had undergone LAPD and 34 had undergone OPD. The mean operation time was longer for LAPD than for OPD (531.1 vs. 383.2 min, P < 0.001). The estimated blood loss, rate of blood transfusion, surgical resection margin status, and number of lymph nodes retrieved were similar in both groups. Overall morbidity and the incidence of pancreatic fistula did not differ significantly between the two groups. However, the mean length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in the LAPD group (12.6 vs. 18.6 days, P = 0.001).ConclusionLAPD is a technically safe and feasible alternative treatment for periampullary tumors, with short‐term clinical outcomes equivalent to those of OPD, with a shorter hospital stay.
Snapshots of lignin oxidation and depolymerization in archaeological wood: an EGA‐MS study
Authors: Tamburini Diego , Łucejko Jeannette Jacqueline , Ribechini Erika , Colombini Maria Perla 
Published: October 2015

Evolved gas analysis‐mass spectrometry (EGA‐MS) was used for the first time to study archaeological wood, in order to investigate its chemical degradation. The archaeological wood was from an oak pile from a stilt house found in the Neolithic ‘La Marmotta’ village (Lake Bracciano, Rome, Italy). The sampling was performed from the external to the internal part of the pile, following the annual growth rings in groups of five. In addition, sound oak wood and isolated wood components (holocellulose and cellulose) were also analyzed, and the results were used to highlight differences because of degradation.Our study demonstrated that EGA‐MS provides information on the thermo‐chemistry of archaeological wood along with in‐depth compositional data thanks to the use of MS. Our investigations not only highlighted wood degradation in terms of differences between carbohydrates and lignin content, but also showed that lignin oxidation and depolymerization took place in the archaeological wood. Mass spectral data revealed differences among the archaeological samples from the internal to the external part of the pile. An increase in the formation of wood pyrolysis products bearing a carbonyl group at the benzylic position and a decrease in the amount of lignin dimers were observed. These were related to oxidation and depolymerization reactions, respectively. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recent trend in temperature evolution in Spanish mainland (1951–2010): from warming to hiatus
Authors: Gonzalez‐Hidalgo José Carlos , Peña‐Angulo Dhais , Brunetti Michele , Cortesi Nicola 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe most recent debate on global warming focuses on the hiatus in global temperature, for which several explanations have been proposed. On the other hand, spatial variability and nonlinearity in temperature evolution has been recognized as a key point in global change analyses.In this study, we analyse the evolution of the warming rate in the Spanish mainland using the MOTEDAS data set for the last 60 years (1951–2010). Our special emphasis is on the last decades to detect and identify a possible hiatus, and to determine the effects of daytime (Tmax) and night‐time (Tmin) records at annual and seasonal scale on the hiatus. Moving windows running trend analyses were applied to calculate temperature trend and significance for any temporal window from the beginning to the end of the series, ranging from 20 years to the whole series length (60 years)The results suggest that the warming rate in the Spanish mainland reached a maximum between 1970 and 1990, followed by a decrease in intensity in both Tmax and Tmin until the present. Furthermore, the decrease in the warming rate in Tmax has been higher than in Tmin for the last three decades; therefore, recent annual warming rates appears to depend more on Tmin than on Tmax. Significant trends disappear from the middle of the 1980s at any temporal window length in both Tmax and Tmin at annual and seasonal scales except in spring Tmin.Some differences among seasons are evident and, during the last few decades, the highest rates of warming are found in spring and summer, with Tmax and Tmin behaving in different ways. This study highlights how the warming rate is highly dependent on the length of the period analysed.
NMR relaxometry study of development of freeze damage in mandarin orange
Authors: Zhang Lu , McCarthy Michael J 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDFreeze damage to citrus fruit is one of the major causes of the loss of marketable fruit for the citrus industry. Because freeze damage occurs inside citrus fruit, detecting freeze damage is very challenging. This study addresses this problem by using NMR relaxometry to monitor changes at the sub‐cellular level in mandarin flesh at two freezing temperatures, −4 °C and −20 °C.RESULTSThe T2 relaxation spectra of mandarin flesh segments displayed three relaxation components, each representing a sub‐cellular water compartment. Freezing treatment at −4 °C for 240 min significantly decreased the relative magnitude of the slow relaxation component and increased that of the intermediate relaxation components. These changes are signs of water redistribution between sub‐cellular compartments and an increase in membrane permeability. Freezing treatment at −20 °C caused more evident changes in the T2 relaxation spectra. Noticeable changes occurred as early as 120 min of freezing. In addition, NMR relaxometry was performed on cold‐stored mandarins. Smaller changes were observed in samples stored at 4 °C than frozen samples.CONCLUSIONThe relative magnitudes of relaxation components are sensitive to sub‐cellular changes in mandarin flesh due to freeze damage. Thus, freeze damage in mandarin flesh can be tracked by NMR relaxometry. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Őmie Art and Őmie Artists©
Authors: Rohatynskyj Marta 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe bark cloth paintings produced by the women of Őmie Artists© have in recent years drawn acclaim in the art world for their originality and vibrancy. The artists’ cooperative follows the organisational structures of some Australian Aboriginal art movements, as well as the channels of distribution and valuation of this indigenous art. In spite of what appears to be a major adjustment of traditional cultural forms, Őmie bark cloth paintings are highly valued for their authenticity and the people themselves have been presented in art‐writing as remote and relatively untouched by outside influences. Aside from providing some historical and ethnographic background for this small group of people living in Oro Province in Papua New Guinea, the article argues that this particular portrayal of the community and their culture is a product of the meeting of long‐term Őmie aspirations to money and development in interaction with a particular Australian vision of what constitutes authenticity in the context of its former colony, Papua New Guinea.
Incretin actions and consequences of incretin‐based therapies: lessons from complementary animal models
Authors: Renner Simone , Blutke Andreas , Streckel Elisabeth , Wanke Rüdiger , Wolf Eckhard 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe two incretin hormones, glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP1), were discovered 45 and 30 years ago. Initially, only their insulinotropic effect on pancreatic β cells was known. Over the years, physiological and pharmacological effects of GIP and GLP1 in numerous extrapancreatic tissues were discovered which partially overlap, but may also be specific for GIP or GLP1 in certain target tissues. While the insulinotropic effect of GIP was found to be blunted in patients with type 2 diabetes, the function of GLP1 is preserved and GLP1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl‐peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors, which prolong the half‐life of incretins, are widely used in diabetes therapy. Wild‐type and genetically modified rodent models have provided important mechanistic insights into the incretin system, but may have limitations in predicting the clinical efficacy and safety of incretin‐based therapies. This review summarizes insights from rodent and non‐rodent models (pig, non‐human primate) into physiological and pharmacological incretin effects, with a focus on the pancreas. Similarities and differences between species are discussed and the increasing potential of genetically engineered pig models for translational incretin research is highlighted. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fault‐tolerant formation control of multiple UAVs in the presence of actuator faults
Authors: Yu Xiang , Liu Zhixiang , Zhang Youmin 
Published: October 2015

SummaryIn order to counteract actuator faults in formation flight of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), this paper presents a fault‐tolerant formation control (FTFC) design methodology, in which the reference generator and the finite‐time convergence of FTFC gains are explicitly considered. Feasible references in response to actuator faults can be generated by considering the health and mission conditions of an overall team of UAVs. Moreover, by applying an auxiliary integrated regressor matrix and vector method, FTFC gains can converge within a finite amount of time to facilitate the fault accommodation process. Thus, the negative effects resulting from failed actuators can be compensated by the healthy/redundant actuators in UAVs. Simulation studies of UAV formation flight are carried out to exemplify the effectiveness of this design approach. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theoretical insight into three disease‐related benefits of migration
Authors: Johns Sophie , Shaw Allison K. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMigration (seasonal round‐trip movement across relatively large distances) is common within the animal kingdom. This behaviour often incurs extreme costs in terms of time, energy, and/or survival. Climate, food, predation, and breeding are typically suggested as factors favouring the evolution of migration. Although disease regulation has also been considered, few studies consider it as the primary selective pressure for migration. Our aim was to determine, theoretically, under what conditions migration could reduce the long‐term disease prevalence within a population, assuming the only benefits of migration are infection‐related. We created two mathematical models, one where the population migrates annually and one where the entire population remains on the breeding ground year‐round. In each we simulated disease transmission (frequency‐dependent and density‐dependent) and quantified eventual disease prevalence. In the migration model we varied the time spent migrating, disease‐related migration mortality, and the overall migration mortality. When we compared results from the two models, we found that migration generally lowered disease prevalence. We found a population was healthier if it: (1) spent more time migrating (assuming no disease transmission during migration), (2) had higher disease‐induced migration mortality, and (3) had an overall higher mortality when migrating (compared to not migrating). These results provide support for two previously proposed mechanisms by which migration can reduce disease prevalence (migratory escape and migratory cull), and also demonstrate that non‐selective mortality during migration is a third mechanism. Our findings indicate that migration may be evolutionarily advantageous even if the only migratory benefit is disease control.
Patient Perceptions of Telephone vs. In‐Person BRCA1/BRCA2 Genetic Counseling
Authors: Peshkin Beth N. , Kelly Scott , Nusbaum Rachel H. , Similuk Morgan , DeMarco Tiffani A. , Hooker Gillian W. , Valdimarsdottir Heiddis B. , Forman Andrea D. , Joines Jessica Rispoli , Davis Claire , McCormick Shelley R. , McKinnon Wendy , Graves Kristi D. , Isaacs Claudine , Garber Judy , Wood Marie , Jandorf Lina , Schwartz Marc D. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTelephone genetic counseling (TC) for hereditary breast/ovarian cancer risk has been associated with positive outcomes in high risk women. However, little is known about how patients perceive TC. As part of a randomized trial of TC versus usual care (UC; in‐person genetic counseling), we compared high risk women's perceptions of: (1) overall satisfaction with genetic counseling; (2) convenience; (3) attentiveness during the session; (4) counselor effectiveness in providing support; and (5) counselor ability to recognize emotional responses during the session. Among the 554 participants (TC, N = 272; UC, N = 282), delivery mode was not associated with self‐reported satisfaction. However, TC participants found counseling significantly more convenient than UC participants (OR = 4.78, 95 % CI = 3.32, 6.89) while also perceiving lower levels of support (OR = 0.56, 95 % CI = 0.40–0.80) and emotional recognition (OR = 0.53, 95 % CI = 0.37–0.76). In exploratory analyses, we found that non‐Hispanic white participants reported higher counselor support in UC than in TC (69.4 % vs. 52.8 %; OR = 3.06, 95 % CI = 1.39–6.74), while minority women perceived less support in UC vs. TC (58.3 % vs. 38.7 %; OR = 0.80, 95 % CI = 0.39–1.65). We discuss potential research and practice implications of these findings which may further improve the effectiveness and utilization of TC.
Notes from Nepal: Is There a Better Way to Provide Search and Rescue?
Authors: Peleg Kobi 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis article discusses a possibility for overcoming the limited efficiency of international search and rescue teams in saving lives after earthquakes, which was emphasized by the recent disaster in Nepal and in other earthquakes all over the world. Because most lives are actually saved by the locals themselves long before the international teams arrive on scene, many more lives could be saved by teaching the basics of light rescue to local students and citizens in threatened countries. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;9:650–652)
Short Text Messages (SMS) as an Additional Tool for Notifying Medical Staff in Case of a Hospital Mass Casualty Incident
Authors: Timler Dariusz , Bogusiak Katarzyna , Kasielska-Trojan Anna , Neskoromna-Jędrzejczak Aneta , Gałązkowski Robert , Szarpak Łukasz 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to verify the effectiveness of short text messages (short message service, or SMS) as an additional notification tool in case of fire or a mass casualty incident in a hospital.MethodsA total of 2242 SMS text messages were sent to 59 hospital workers divided into 3 groups (n=21, n=19, n=19). Messages were sent from a Samsung GT-S8500 Wave cell phone and Orange Poland was chosen as the telecommunication provider. During a 3-month trial period, messages were sent between 3:35 PM and midnight with no regular pattern. Employees were asked to respond by telling how much time it would take them to reach the hospital in case of a mass casualty incident.ResultsThe mean reaction time (SMS reply) was 36.41 minutes. The mean declared time of arrival to the hospital was 100.5 minutes. After excluding 10% of extreme values for declared arrival time, the mean arrival time was estimated as 38.35 minutes.ConclusionsShort text messages (SMS) can be considered an additional tool for notifying medical staff in case of a mass casualty incident. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:38–41)
Antisocial Personality Disorder and Pathological Narcissism in Prolonged Conflicts and Wars of the 21st Century
Authors: Burkle Frederick M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe end of the Cold War brought with it many protracted internal conflicts and wars that have lasted for decades and whose persistent instability lies at the heart of both chronic nation-state and regional instability. Responsibility for these chronically failed states has been attributed to multiple unresolved root causes. With previous governance and parties to power no longer trusted or acceptable, the vacuum of leadership in many cases has been filled with “bad leadership.” This Concept piece argues that in a number of cases opportunistic leaders, suffering from severe antisocial character disorders, have emerged first as saviors and then as despots, or as common criminals claiming to be patriots, sharing a psychological framework that differs little from those responsible for World War II and the Cold War that followed. I describe the identifying characteristics of this unique and poorly understood subset of the population who are driven to seek the ultimate opportunity to control, dictate, and live out their fantasies of power on the world scene and discuss why their destructive actions remain unabated in the 21st century. Their continued antisocial presence, influence, and levels of violence must be seen as a global security and strategic issue that is not amenable to conventional diplomatic interventions, negotiations, mediations, or international sanctions. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:118–128)
Could Mycobacterium leprae Infection Be an Occupational Disease? A Survey in Healthcare Workers From an Endemic Area in the Amazonian Region
Authors: Pacheco Sara Eleny , Bührer-Sékula Samira , de Moura Rodrigo Scaliante , Stefani Mariane Martins , Oliveira Maria Leide W. , Saraceni Valeria , Cordeiro-Santos Marcelo 
Published: October 2015

A serologic survey was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of Mycobacterium leprae infection among healthcare workers and associated factors. Of 280 workers, 26 (9.3%) were positive using immunoglobulin M serology for PGL-I M. leprae antigen. Exposure to leprosy patients in the workplace was significantly associated with seropositivity (P=.044).Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;36(12):1464–1466
Mucosal Barrier Injury Laboratory-Confirmed Bloodstream Infections (MBI-LCBI): Descriptive Analysis of Data Reported to National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN), 2013
Authors: Epstein Lauren , See Isaac , Edwards Jonathan R. , Magill Shelley S. , Thompson Nicola D. 
Published: October 2015

OBJECTIVESTo determine the impact of mucosal barrier injury laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infections (MBI-LCBIs) on central-line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates during the first year of MBI-LCBI reporting to the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN)DESIGNDescriptive analysis of 2013 NHSN dataSETTINGSelected inpatient locations in acute care hospitalsMETHODSA descriptive analysis of MBI-LCBI cases was performed. CLABSI rates per 1,000 central-line days were calculated with and without the inclusion of MBI-LCBIs in the subset of locations reporting ≥1 MBI-LCBI, and in all locations (regardless of MBI-LCBI reporting) to determine rate differences overall and by location type.RESULTSFrom 418 locations in 252 acute care hospitals reporting ≥1 MBI-LCBIs, 3,162 CLABSIs were reported; 1,415 (44.7%) met the MBI-LCBI definition. Among these locations, removing MBI-LCBI from the CLABSI rate determination produced the greatest CLABSI rate decreases in oncology (49%) and ward locations (45%). Among all locations reporting CLABSI data, including those reporting no MBI-LCBIs, removing MBI-LCBI reduced rates by 8%. Here, the greatest decrease was in oncology locations (38% decrease); decreases in other locations ranged from 1.2% to 4.2%.CONCLUSIONSAn understanding of the potential impact of removing MBI-LCBIs from CLABSI data is needed to accurately interpret CLABSI trends over time and to inform changes to state and federal reporting programs. Whereas the MBI-LCBI definition may have a large impact on CLABSI rates in locations where patients with certain clinical conditions are cared for, the impact of MBI-LCBIs on overall CLABSI rates across inpatient locations appears to be more modest.Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;37(1):2–7
Elective dental extractions and osseointegrated implant replacement to facilitate transoral endoscopic ENT surgical procedures
Authors: Butterworth C J , Lancaster J , Shah H S 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackground:Transoral endoscopic ENT surgical procedures are a mainstay of treatment for a variety of conditions and are often preferable to open surgery where possible. Cases of micrognathia, prominent incisor teeth or trismus may create difficulties in gaining sufficient access to undertake such procedures. Extraction of the anterior maxillary teeth can help overcome these problems in appropriate cases, with subsequent prosthetic tooth replacement supported by dental implants. To date, this approach has not been reported in the literature.Case reports:This paper reports on two cases which illustrate this approach; the first case involved pharyngeal pouch management where previous open surgery had failed, and the second case involved glottic carcinoma management where oral access was compromising resection.Conclusion:This technique is recommended to facilitate effective transoral surgical procedures as a low-morbidity alternative to either open surgery or non-surgical therapies.
Optimal ileocolic flap length for a reconstructed voice tube after laryngopharyngectomy
Authors: Tsou Y-A , Li T-S , Tsai M-H , Chen H-C , Belafsky P 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackground:Voice restoration after laryngopharyngectomy can be achieved with an autologous ileocolic flap. We have observed that the length of the flap influences vocal outcome. This investigation aimed to evaluate the association between ileocolic flap length and vocal quality after laryngopharyngectomy.Methods:The charts of patients who underwent voice rehabilitation with an ileocolic flap after laryngopharyngectomy between 1 January 2011 and 30 December 2012 were abstracted. The length of ileum segment in the ileocolic flap was stratified, and voice outcome was evaluated three months post-operatively, while adjusting for confounding variables.Results:There was a significant association between flap length and loudness, maximum phonation time and sound pressure level (p < 0.05). All three parameters were best in the 10 cm length group.Conclusion:Voice rehabilitation after laryngopharyngectomy is possible with an ileocolic flap. The optimal ileocolic flap contains a 10 cm ileum segment. Complications are frequent but amenable to revision surgery.
‘The Brazilian Rhône’: Economic Development of the Doce River Basin in Nineteenth-Century Brazil, 1819–49’
Authors: BIEBER JUDY 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis article examines attempts to modernise navigation of the Doce River in Brazil during the early nineteenth century. It focuses primarily on the development of a joint Anglo-Brazilian business venture, The Rio Doce Company (1832–49). The failure of the Rio Doce Company cannot be attributed to a single overarching cause, but reflects numerous barriers to economic development including a cumbersome regulatory bureaucracy, capital scarcity, poor technological integration, challenging topography, and Brazilian political resistance to British investment and corporate oversight. This article contributes to the field of business history in the immediate post-independence era, a topic that has received relatively little scholarly attention.