bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Newborns of mothers with intellectual disability have a higher risk of perinatal death and being small for gestational age
Authors: HÖGLUND BERIT , LINDGREN PETER , LARSSON MARGARETA 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjective. To study mode of birth, perinatal health and death in children born to mothers with intellectual disability (ID) in Sweden. Design. Population‐based register study. Setting. National registers; the National Patient Register linked to the Medical Birth Register. Sample. Children of first‐time mothers with ID (n = 326; classified in the International Classification of Diseases 8–10) were identified and compared with 340 624 children of first‐time mothers without ID or any other psychiatric diagnosis between 1999 and 2007. Methods. Population‐based data were extracted from the National Patient Register and the Medical Birth Register. Main outcome measures. Mode of birth, preterm birth, small for gestational age, Apgar score, stillbirth and perinatal death. Results. Children born to mothers with ID were more often stillborn (1.2 vs. 0.3%) or died perinatally (1.8 vs. 0.4%) than children born to mothers without ID. They had a higher proportion of cesarean section birth (24.5 vs. 17.7%) and preterm birth (12.2 vs. 6.1%), were small for gestational age (8.4 vs. 3.1%) and had lower Apgar scores (<7 points at five minutes; 3.7 vs 1.5%) compared with children born to mothers without ID. Logistic regression adjusted for maternal characteristics confirmed an increased risk of small for gestational age (odds ratio 2.25), stillbirth (odds ratio 4.53) and perinatal death (odds ratio 4.25) in children born to mothers with ID. Conclusions. Unborn and newborn children of mothers with ID should be considered a risk group, and their mothers may need better individual‐based care and support.
The role of specific cow's milk proteins in the etiology of recurrent aphthous ulcers
Authors: Besu Irina , Jankovic Ljiljana , Konic‐Ristic Aleksandra , Raskovic Sanvila , Besu Valeri , Djuric Milanko , Cakic Sasa , Magdu Ileana Ursu , Juranic Zorica 
Published: August 2012

BackgroundRecurrent aphthous ulcerations (RAU), or recurrent aphthous stomatitis, is recognized as one of the most common oral mucosal diseases worldwide. It was noted some connection between immunity to cow's milk proteins (CMP) and oral diseases.The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of the increased levels of serum antibodies to specific cow's milk proteins (SCMP), constituents of cheese or of whey, by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test, in subjects who have RAU.MethodsFifty subjects with RAU and 50 healthy people, as controls (C), were included in this research. Levels of serum IgA, IgG, and IgE antibodies to SCMP were determined by ELISA. The statistical analysis of data was performed by Wilcoxon rank sum test with continuity correction.ResultsThe levels of serum anti‐SCMP IgA, IgG, and IgE antibodies were significantly higher in subjects with RAU in comparison with controls (P < 0.005).ConclusionsThese results indicate the strong association between high levels of serum anti‐SCMP IgA, IgG, and IgE antibodies, especially to caseins: α‐, β‐, and κ‐casein from cow's milk and clinical manifestations of RAU. Serum immunity to the whey proteins in subjects with RAU was not in so high percentage expressed.
Low postnatal serum IGF‐I levels are associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)
Authors: Löfqvist Chatarina , Hellgren Gunnel , Niklasson Aimon , Engström Eva , Ley David , Hansen‐Pupp Ingrid ,   and the WINROP Consortium
Published: August 2012

AbstractAim:  To characterize postnatal changes in serum insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐I) in relation to development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very preterm infants.Methods:  Longitudinal study of 108 infants with mean (SD) gestational age (GA) 27.2 (2.2) weeks. Weekly serum samples of IGF‐I were analysed from birth until postmenstrual age (PMA) 36 weeks. Multivariate models were developed to identify independent predictors of BPD.Results:  Postnatal mean IGF‐I levels at postnatal day (PND) 3–21 were lower in infants with BPD compared with infants with no BPD (16 vs. 26 μg/L, p < 0.001). Longitudinal postnatal change in IGF‐I levels (IGF‐I regression coefficient (β)), PNDs 3–21, was lower in infants with BPD compared with infants with no BPD (0.28 vs. 0.97, p = 0.002) and mean IGF‐I during PMA 30–33 weeks was lower in infants with BPD as compared with infants without BPD (22 vs. 29 μg/L, p < 0.001). In a binomial multiple regression model, lower GA, male gender and lower mean serum IGF‐I levels during PND 3–21 were the most predictive risk factors associated with BPD (r2 = 0.634, p < 0.001).Conclusion:  Lower IGF‐I concentrations during the first weeks after very preterm birth are associated with later development of BPD.
Pain in children and adolescents in primary care; chronic and recurrent pain is common
Authors: Holm Sara , Ljungman Gustaf , Söderlund Anne 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAim:  The aim of this study was to describe a paediatric primary care pain sample and examine associations between pain, health‐related quality of life and disability.Methods:  The study design is descriptive and cross‐sectional. One hundred and fifty‐four consecutive children and adolescents between the ages of 8 and 16 seeking care for a pain‐related conditions participated in this study. Pain characteristics, health‐related quality of life and disability were investigated.Results:  Eighty‐seven per cent of participants had a pain duration of 3 months or more, and almost half of the group studied had a pain duration of ≥ 12 months. The disability levels in the study group as a whole were low, with a mean FDI of 10.4 (SD 7.6). However, 35% of the study group had moderate disability levels and reported a mean FDI of 18.7 (SD 4.8). Single pain location was reported in 42%, whereas 58% had two or more pain locations. The children with multiple pain locations reported lower health‐related quality of life and higher disability than children with single pain location.Conclusion:  Paediatric pain patients in primary care consist partly of patients only slightly influenced by pain and partly of patients for whom pain has a great impact on their lives.
Subtilisin‐like proprotein convertase paired basic amino acid‐cleaving enzyme 4 is required for chondrogenic differentiation in ATDC5 cells
Authors: Yuasa Keizo , Futamatsu Go , Kawano Tsuyoshi , Muroshita Masaki , Kageyama Yoko , Taichi Hiromi , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Nagahama Masami , Matsuda Yoshiko , Tsuji Akihiko 
Published: August 2012

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been implicated in the regulation of multiple stages of endochondral bone development. BMPs are synthesized as inactive precursors, and activated by removal of the propeptide. The subtilisin‐like proprotein convertase (SPC) family comprises seven members [furin/SPC1, PC2/SPC2, PC1/PC3/SPC3, paired basic amino acid‐cleaving enzyme 4 (PACE4)/SPC4, PC4/SPC5, PC6/PC5/SPC6, and PC8/PC7/LPC/SPC7], and activates various signaling molecules, including BMPs. In this study, we analyzed the role of this family in chondrogenic differentiation by using the mouse embryonal carcinoma‐derived clonal cell line ATDC5. Both SPC‐specific inhibitors, decanoyl‐Arg‐Val‐Lys‐Arg‐chloromethylketone and α1‐antitrypsin Portland variant, suppressed chondrogenic differentiation. RT‐PCR analysis revealed that PACE4 mRNA levels increased markedly during chondrogenic differentiation, whereas furin expression remained unchanged. Knockdown of PACE4 expression significantly reduced chondrogenic differentiation. Furthermore, proBMP6, which shows an expression pattern similar to that of PACE4, was efficiently processed into its mature form by PACE4, whereas furin could not process proBMP6. These results suggest that PACE4 may regulate the rate of hypertrophic conversion of ATDC5 cells through activation of proBMP6.
CLE Peptides in Plants: Proteolytic Processing, Structure‐Activity Relationship, and Ligand‐Receptor InteractionF
Authors: Gao Xiaoming , Guo Yongfeng 
Published: August 2012

AbstractLigand‐receptor signaling initiated by the CLAVATA3/ ENDOSPERM SURROUNDING REGION (CLE) family peptides is critical in regulating cell division and differentiation in meristematic tissues in plants. Biologically active CLE peptides are released from precursor proteins via proteolytic processing. The mature form of CLE ligands consists of 12–13 amino acids with several post‐translational modifications. This review summarizes recent progress toward understanding the proteolytic activities that cleave precursor proteins to release CLE peptides, the molecular structure and function of mature CLE ligands, and interactions between CLE ligands and corresponding leucine‐rich repeat (LRR) receptor‐like kinases (RLKs).
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[ Yongfeng Guo (Corresponding author)]
Mitochondrial DNA suggests a single maternal origin for the widespread triploid parthenogenetic pest species, Paratanytarsus grimmii, but microsatellite variation shows local endemism
Authors: Carew Melissa , Gagliardi Bryant , Hoffmann Ary A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractParthenogenesis is common among invasive pest species, with many parthenogenetic species also showing polyploidy. Parthenogenetic polyploid species often have multiple hybrid origins and the potential to rapidly spread over vast geographical areas. In this study, we examine patterns of mitochondrial and microsatellite variation in a widespread triploid parthenogenetic chironomid pest species, Paratanytarsus grimmii. Based on samples from five countries, including Australia, England, Germany, Japan, and Canada, we found extremely low mitochondrial diversity (<0.14%), with most individuals sharing a common and widespread haplotype. In contrast, microsatellite diversity revealed 41 clonal variants, which were regionally endemic. These findings suggest a single invasive maternal lineage of P. grimmii is likely to have recently spread over a broad geographical range. High levels of genotypic endemism suggest P. grimmii populations have remained relatively isolated after an initial spread, with little ongoing migration. This, in part, can be attributed to rapid genetic differentiation via mutations of common clonal genotypes after P. grimmii spread, but multiple polyploidization and subsequent founder events are also likely to be contributing factors.
Inhomogeneous accretion discs and the soft states of black hole X-ray binaries
Authors: Dexter Jason , Quataert Eliot 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Observations of black hole binaries (BHBs) have established a rich phenomenology of X-ray states. The soft states range from the low variability, accretion disc dominated thermal (TD) state to the higher variability, non-thermal steep power law (SPL) state. The disc component in all states is typically modelled with standard thin disc accretion theory. However, this theory is inconsistent with optical/UV spectral, variability and gravitational microlensing observations of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), the supermassive analogues of BHBs. An inhomogeneous disc (ID) model with large (≃0.4 dex) temperature fluctuations in each radial annulus can qualitatively explain all of these AGN observations. The inhomogeneity may be a consequence of instabilities in radiation-dominated discs, and therefore may be present in BHBs as well. We show that ID models can explain many features of the TD and SPL states of BHBs. The observed relationships between spectral hardness, disc fraction and rms variability amplitude in BHBs are reproduced with temperature fluctuations similar to those inferred in AGNs, suggesting a unified picture of luminous accretion discs across orders of magnitude in black hole mass. This picture can be tested with spectral fitting of ID models, X-ray polarization observations and radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulations. If BHB accretion discs are indeed inhomogeneous, only the most disc-dominated states (disc fraction ≳0.95) can be used to robustly infer black hole spin using current continuum fitting methods.
Reactive Transport Modeling of ZVI Column Experiments for Nickel Remediation
Authors: Bilardi Stefania , Amos Richard T. , Blowes David W. , Calabrò Paolo S. , Moraci Nicola 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMIN3P, a multicomponent reactive transport model for variably saturated porous media, is used to simulate the outputs of column tests carried out using zero valent iron (ZVI) for nickel contaminated groundwater remediation. The objective of this study is to investigate the main chemical reactions involved in contaminant removal and the main causes of the reactivity decline of ZVI over time. According to the results of the model the major causes of ZVI reactivity loss is identified in the mineral precipitation of α‐FeOOH on iron surface that probably caused ZVI passivation and led to a decline of the electron transfer rate. An existing empirical relationship between mineral precipitation and the reactivity loss of ZVI, included in the model, reproduced the changes in nickel removal observed during different laboratory column tests.
Elderly Hypertensives: How Are They Different?
Authors: Franklin Stanley S. 
Published: August 2012

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2012;14:779–786. ©2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Once considered an inconsequential part of the aging process, the development of isolated systolic hypertension represents a late manifestation of increased elastic artery stiffness and is the predominant hypertensive subtype in the middle‐aged and elderly populations. Its inherent increased risk for vascular events, such as coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure, peripheral artery disease, chronic kidney disease, and dementia, highlights the importance of its control. The purpose of this short review is to summarize how hypertension is different in the elderly when compared with “essential hypertension” in younger adults. The emphasis will be on the multiple ways that increased artery stiffness affects the natural history and clinical manifestations of hypertension in the elderly.
Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis: Pulmonary lymphatic disorder in an adult
Authors: Yoo Su Hyun , Song Joon Seon , Lee Jeong‐Ju , Lee Miji , Hwang Hee Sang , Jang Se Jin 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTDiffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis (DPL) is a rare disorder involving the intrathoracic lymphatic system from the mediastinum to the pleura. Although DPL is a lymphatic developmental abnormality and is pathologically benign, it has various clinical presentations and a progressive course. We recently studied a case of DPL in a 35‐year‐old man presenting with cough and hemoptysis with unilateral chylothorax. A chest computed tomography scan showed diffuse interstitial thickening along the peribronchovascular bundles and intralobular septae with pleural and pericardial effusion. Wedge resection of the left lower lung was performed to make a diagnosis. Microscopically, the lesion was characterized by variably sized and increased lymphatic channels of the interlobular septa and subpleural area. The cells lining the lymphatics were immunohistochemically positive for D2–40 and CD34. This patient is still alive without recurrent symptoms 13 months after beginning a low‐fat medium‐chain triglyceride diet and chemical pleurodesis.
Stratified mucin producing intraepithelial lesion
Authors: Cha Yoon Jin , Koh Myoung Ju , Kim Young Tae , Cho Nam Hoon 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTWe report a case of stratified mucin producing intraepithelial lesion (SMILE), associated with adenocarcinoma and human papillomavirus (HPV) 18 infection. A 54‐year‐old lady presented with vaginal bleeding for 2 months. A punchy biopsy in private clinic showed papillary neoplasm composed of stratified columnar epithelium showing intracytoplasmic mucin vacuole. Microscopic examination for following cone biopsy demonstrated adenocarcinoma along with SMILE, and HPV 18 was detected by DNA chip examination. After several immunohistochemical stainings, SMILE showed predominant glandular differentiation.
An Apollo 15 mare basalt fragment and lunar mare provinces
Authors: Ryder Graham , Burling Trina Cox 
Published: August 2012

Abstract— Lunar sample 15474,4 is a tiny fragment of olivine‐augite vitrophyre that is a mare basalt. Although petrographically distinct from all other Apollo 15 samples, it has been ignored since its first brief description. Our new petrographic and mineral chemical data show that the olivines and pyroxenes are distinct from those in other basalts. The basalt cooled and solidified extremely rapidly; some of the olivine might be cumulate or crystallized prior to extrusion. Bulk‐chemical data show that the sample is probably similar to an evolved Apollo 15 olivine‐normative basalt in major elements but is distinct in its rare earth element pattern. Its chemical composition and petrography both show that 15474,4 cannot be derived from other Apollo 15 mare basalts by shallow‐level crystal fractionation. It represents a distinct extrusion of magma.Nonetheless, the chemical features that 15474,4 has in common with other Apollo 15 mare basalts, including the high FeO/Sc, the general similarity of the rare earth element pattern, and the common (and chondritic) TiO2/Sm ratio, emphasize the concept of a geochemical province at the Apollo 15 site that is distinct from basalts and provinces elsewhere. In making a consistent picture for the derivation of all of the Apollo 15 basalts, both the commonalities and the differences among the basalts must be explained. The Apollo 15 commonalities and differences suggest that the sources must have consisted of major silicate phases with the same composition but with varied amounts of a magma trapped from a contemporary magma ocean. They probably had a high olivine/pyroxene ratio and underwent small and reasonably consistent degrees of partial melting to produce the basalts. These inferences may be inconsistent with models that suggest greatly different depths of melting among basalts, primitive sources for the green glasses, or extensive olivine fractionation during ascent. An integrated approach to lunar mare provinces, of which the Apollo 15 mare basalts constitute only one, offers advances in our understanding of the physical and chemical processes of source formation and mare production but has so far not been utilized.
Cosmogenic and fissiogenic noble gases and 81Kr‐Kr exposure age clusters of eucrites
Authors: Shukolyukov A. , Begemann F. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract— The isotopic composition and concentrations of noble gases were measured in the eucrites Bereba, Cachari, Caldera, Camel Donga, Chervony Kut, Ibitira, Jonzac, Juvinas, Millbillillie, Moore County, Padvarninkai, Pasamonte, Pomozdino, Serra de Magé, Sioux County, and Vetluga. The distribution of 81Kr‐Kr exposure ages shows “clusters” at (7 ± 1) Ma, (10 ± 1) Ma, (14 ± 1) Ma, (22 ± 2) Ma, and (37 ± 1) Ma that agree with those for howardites, eucrites, and diogenites (HED) at (6 ± 1) Ma, (12 ± 2) Ma, (21 ± 4) Ma, and (38 ± 8) Ma. This most likely indicates a common origin of HED meteorites. Correlation equations for the shielding‐sensitive cosmogenic ratios 78Kr/83Kr, 80Kr/83Kr, 82Kr/83Kr, and 124Xe/131Xe were obtained.Comparison with data from simulation experiments suggests that most eucrites were exposed to the cosmic radiation as somewhat large meteoroids with diameters of ∼1 m or more. The shielding‐dependence of the 78Kr and 126Xe production rates was found to be small, with a few exceptions the variations aren <10%–15%. Concentrations of spallogenic 3He indicate diffusive losses of up to 70% that can be, in first approximation, described by a model of quasi‐continuous losses during the exposure to the cosmic radiation with a loss rate of the order of ∼3 × 10−8 a−1. Radiogenic 4He shows additional substantial losses that occurred at the time of, or prior to, the separation of the meteoroids from their parent body. Typical 40Ar retention in eucrites is 50%–60% which corresponds to a 40Ar‐K retention age of 3.4–3.6 Ga. In all analyzed unbrecciated eucrites, the retention is distinctly larger (70%–100%). The 244Pu fission ratio (86Kr/136Xe)Pu, was evaluated from the data on Pomozdino samples to be 0.039 ± 0.014.
Magnetic spherules in coastal plain sediments, Sullivan's Island, South Carolina, USA
Authors: Taylor Pamela L. , Nusbaum Robert L. , Fronabarger A. Kem , Katuna Michael P. , Summer Neil 
Published: August 2012

Abstract— We extracted black, magnetic spherules from well cuttings of Oligocene sediments in the coastal plain of South Carolina, USA. Three possible origins were considered: industrial, volcanic, and extraterrestrial. An extraterrestrial origin by ablation of parent meteoroid material is proposed, based on the spherule morphologies, the presence of metallic Fe cores in many of the spherules, and the detection of wüstite in some of the oxide rims. Low Ni contents are problematic but may be attributed to the ablation of a low‐Ni parental body, such as hexahedrite.The presence of spherules in somewhat clay‐like, sandy sediments is unusual, as most magnetic spherules are found in abyssal muds. Based on benthic foraminiferal assemblages and sediment distribution above, within, and below the beds containing spherules, it is unlikely that the spherules were transported from a deep‐sea environment.
Aqueous alteration in the matrix of the Vigarano (CV3) carbonaceous chondrite
Authors: LEE Martin R. , HUTCHISON Robert , GRAHAM Andrew L. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract The matrix of Vigarano, a meteorite which belongs to the reduced subgroup of the CV3 chondrites, contains small amounts (<10%) of ferrihydrite and smectite. These hydrous minerals occur together as fine fibrous intergrowths between anhydrous silicate and oxide grains. Coarser crystals of ferrihydrite fill fractures that cut matrix minerals, and smectite also lines narrow channels within olivine grains. These channels may have formed by preferential alteration of olivines along (100)‐parallel defects.Formation of ferrihydrite and smectite in the matrix of Vigarano was the result of mild aqueous alteration in a low‐temperature (<150 °C), oxidising parent body environment. Partial equilibration of matrix olivines indicates that alteration was followed by thermal metamorphism with a peak temperature of 400–500 °C. Mineralogically similar alteration products, which also were formed by parent body processes, have previously been described from the matrices of four CV meteorites: Bali, Grosnaja, Kaba and Mokoia, all of which belong to the oxidised subgroup. This discovery of the products of oxidative aqueous alteration in Vigarano has important consequences for understanding the chemical and thermal history of the CV class of meteorites.