bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CD13 mediates phagocytosis in human monocytic cells
Authors: Licona-Limón Ileana , Garay-Canales Claudia A , Muñoz-Paleta Ofelia , Ortega Enrique 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
CD13 is a membrane-bound ectopeptidase, highly expressed on monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. CD13 is involved in diverse functions, including degradation of peptide mediators, cellular adhesion, migration, viral endocytosis, signaling, and positive modulation of phagocytosis mediated by FcγRs and other phagocytic receptors. In this work, we explored whether besides acting as an accessory receptor, CD13 by itself is a primary phagocytic receptor. We found that hCD13 mediates efficient phagocytosis of large particles (erythrocytes) modified so as to interact with the cell only through CD13 in human macrophages and THP-1 monocytic cells. The extent of this phagocytosis is comparable with the phagocytosis mediated through the canonical phagocytic receptor FcγRI. Furthermore, we demonstrated that hCD13 expression in the nonphagocytic cell line HEK293 is sufficient to enable these cells to internalize particles bound through hCD13. CD13-mediated phagocytosis is independent of other phagocytic receptors, as it occurs in the absence of FcγRs, CR3, and most phagocytic receptors. Phagocytosis through CD13 is independent of its enzymatic activity but is dependent on actin rearrangement and activation of PI3K and is partially dependent on Syk activation. Moreover, the cross-linking of CD13 with antibodies rapidly induced pSyk in human macrophages. Finally, we observed that antibody-mediated cross-linking of hCD13, expressed in the murine macrophage-like J774 cell line, induces production of ROS. These results demonstrate that CD13 is a fully competent phagocytic receptor capable of mediating internalization of large particles.
Metabolic danger signals, uric acid and ATP, mediate inflammatory cross-talk between hepatocytes and immune cells in alcoholic liver disease
Authors: Petrasek Jan , Iracheta-Vellve Arvin , Saha Banishree , Satishchandran Abhishek , Kodys Karen , Fitzgerald Katherine A , Kurt-Jones Evelyn A , Szabo Gyongyi 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Inflammation defines the progression of ALD from reversible to advanced stages. Translocation of bacterial LPS to the liver from the gut is necessary for alcohol-induced liver inflammation. However, it is not known whether endogenous, metabolic danger signals are required for inflammation in ALD. Uric acid and ATP, 2 major proinflammatory danger signals, were evaluated in the serum of human volunteers exposed to a single dose of ethanol or in supernatants of primary human hepatocytes exposed to ethanol. In vitro studies were used to evaluate the role of uric acid and ATP in inflammatory cross-talk between hepatocytes and immune cells. The significance of signaling downstream of uric acid and ATP in the liver was evaluated in NLRP3-deficient mice fed a Lieber-DeCarli ethanol diet. Exposure of healthy human volunteers to a single dose of ethanol resulted in increased serum levels of uric acid and ATP. In vitro, we identified hepatocytes as a significant source of these endogenous inflammatory signals. Uric acid and ATP mediated a paracrine inflammatory cross-talk between damaged hepatocytes and immune cells and significantly increased the expression of LPS-inducible cytokines, IL-1β and TNF-α, by immune cells. Deficiency of NLRP3, a ligand-sensing component of the inflammasome recognizing uric acid and ATP, prevented the development of alcohol-induced liver inflammation in mice and significantly ameliorated liver damage and steatosis. Endogenous metabolic danger signals, uric acid, and ATP are involved in inflammatory cross-talk between hepatocytes and immune cells and play a crucial role in alcohol-induced liver inflammation.
Vitamin A induces inhibitory histone methylation modifications and down-regulates trained immunity in human monocytes
Authors: Arts Rob J W , Blok Bastiaan A , van Crevel Reinout , Joosten Leo A B , Aaby Peter , Benn Christine Stabell , Netea Mihai G 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Epidemiologic studies suggest that VAS has long-lasting immunomodulatory effects. We hypothesized that ATRA inhibits inflammatory cytokines in a model of trained immunity in monocytes by inducing epigenetic reprogramming through histone modifications. We used an previously described in vitro model of trained immunity, in which adherent monocytes of healthy volunteers were incubated for 24 h with BCG in the presence or absence of ATRA. After washing the cells, they were incubated for an additional 6 d in culture medium and restimulated with microbial ligands, and cytokine production was assessed. ATRA inhibited cytokine responses upon restimulation of monocytes, and this effect was exerted through increased expression of SUV39H2, a histone methyltransferase that induces the inhibitory mark H3K9me3. H3K9me3 at promoter sites of several cytokines was up-regulated by ATRA, and inhibition of SUV39H2 restored cytokine production. In addition to H3K9me3, the stimulatory histone mark H3K4me3 was down-regulated by ATRA at several promoter locations of cytokine genes. Therefore, we can conclude that ATRA inhibits cytokine production in models of direct stimulation or BCG-induced trained immunity and that these effects are mediated by histone modifications.
Dgcr8 and Dicer are essential for sex chromosome integrity during meiosis in males
Authors: Modzelewski Andrew J. , Hilz Stephanie , Crate Elizabeth A. , Schweidenback Caterina T. H. , Fogarty Elizabeth A. , Grenier Jennifer K. , Freire Raimundo , Cohen Paula E. , Grimson Andrew 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
Small RNAs play crucial roles in regulating gene expression during mammalian meiosis. To investigate the function of microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) during meiosis in males, we generated germ-cell-specific conditional deletions of Dgcr8 and Dicer in mice. Analysis of spermatocytes from both conditional knockout lines revealed that there were frequent chromosomal fusions during meiosis, always involving one or both sex chromosomes. RNA sequencing indicates upregulation of Atm in spermatocytes from miRNA-deficient mice, and immunofluorescence imaging demonstrates an increased abundance of activated ATM kinase and mislocalization of phosphorylated MDC1, an ATM phosphorylation substrate. The Atm 3′UTR contains many potential microRNA target sites, and, notably, target sites for several miRNAs depleted in both conditional knockout mice were highly effective at promoting repression. RNF8, a telomere-associated protein whose localization is controlled by the MDC1–ATM kinase cascade, normally associates with the sex chromosomes during pachytene, but in both conditional knockouts redistributed to the autosomes. Taken together, these results suggest that Atm dysregulation in microRNA-deficient germ lines contributes to the redistribution of proteins involved in chromosomal stability from the sex chromosomes to the autosomes, resulting in sex chromosome fusions during meiotic prophase I.
Reviews
Authors: Castaño David , Ribeiro Inês Marques 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Melo Antunes: Uma Biografia Política, Maria Inácia Rezola (2012) Lisbon: Âncora Editora, 791 pp., paperback, ISBN: 9789727803736
The Foreign Policy of the European Union – Assessing Europe’s Role in the World, federiga bindi (ed.) (2010) Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 367 pp., ISBN: 9780815701408
Trauma as trans-generational discourse: Focusing on the Spanish case
Authors: Gallardo Ángel Rodríguez 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
A new social discourse has been introduced in Spanish society as a result of the new generation that has started to move away from the discourses of their parents and grandparents, which were always immersed in the fear produced by the civil war. This fear explains part of the immobilization and social paralyses suffered by Spain in recent decades. The new tales from the new generations can explain the loss of fear and new forms of social mobilization.
The war experience as a ‘recent past’: Memoirs, witness accounts and modes of representing the Second World War in Bulgaria during the 1940s and 1950s
Authors: Vukov Nikolai 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Almost immediately after the end of the Second World War, memoir reflections about the war years started to appear in Bulgaria and soon turned into a major form of historiographic reflection. The instances of such books increased particularly from the early 1950s, when core texts about the experience of different partisan groups emerged, laying the basis of central themes and representations of the war over the following decades. Representing historical events through the views of participants and witnesses of the war experience, such memoirs became not only a ‘subjective resource of history’, but also a primary material, from which the emerging post-war historiographic discourse drew locally ingrained inspiration, validity and power of persuasion. The goal of this article is to reflect on the representations of the war experience as a ‘recent past’ in memoirs published during the first decade after the end of the Second World War in Bulgaria. On the basis of an analysis of the main topics and narrative strategies applied in memoir texts from this decade, the text will address core issues related to the interpretation and commemoration of the war years. Focusing on the crucial role played by memoirs about the war in the emerging narratives of communist historiography, the article will outline how they shaped the subsequent conceptualizations of the history and patterns of remembrance of the war years in communist Bulgaria.
Power and the public sphere: Lessons from Tahrir Square
Authors: Goes Eunice 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The Arab Spring of 2011 challenged established assumptions about Arab exceptionalism and, to a certain extent, restored our faith in the ability of the public sphere to effect political change. After all, it was thanks to the brave protests of thousands of citizens that Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak was ousted from power in February of 2011. But four years after those momentous events, the discursive power of Tahrir Square has been marginalized and limited. Moreover, Egypt’s transition to democracy was de facto suspended by the armed forces in 2013. Using the Egyptian example, this article examines the role of the public sphere in processes of political change. The article will argue that in its Habermasian formulation and in the Egyptian manifestation, the public sphere has limited ability to effect political change. Drawing on the theoretical literature on deliberative democracy, the article explores the potential of deliberative institutions to open up and even out access to the public sphere to a diversity of voices, to empower civil society actors, and therefore to act as counterweight to established political forces.
The mobility strategies of the Senegalese fishermen at the Senegal-Mauritania maritime border
Authors: Hallaire Juliette 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Since the beginning of the 1980s, fishermen from the northern Senegalese border city of Saint Louis have faced significant difficulties at the Senegal-Mauritania maritime border. As a response to the strengthening of Mauritania’s border controls, they have developed mobility strategies to reach Mauritanian waters and circumvent border regulation practices. Drawing on in-depth field interviews in Senegal, this article sheds light on Saint Louis fishermen’s different strategies and tactics. I argue that fishermen have become active border producers and that their movement has shaped the maritime borderland in a geographic and political sense. I will show that through these mobility strategies and tactics, the local fishermen have developed significant appropriation practices of the Mauritanian maritime spaces. Their specific language and knowledge, creation of names and mental representations of these spaces challenge Mauritania’s fishing resources regulation and give legitimacy to their illegal cross-border movement.
War and nation in Angola: Reading Mayombe from the perspective of memory studies
Authors: Santos Alexandra Dias 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
War is recognized as an important element in the process of consolidation of national identities, as well as in the shaping of collective memory. Also, certain literary narratives of war are considered fundamental in the symbolic process leading to the formation and consolidation of national identities. A founding status has been attributed to Pepetela, a well-known Angolan writer, winner of several major international awards. His novel Mayombe, written in 1971 and published after independence, in 1980, is a literary account of the confrontations between Portuguese soldiers and the guerrillas of the anti-colonial People’s Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA – Movimento Popular de Libertaçao de Angola) in northern Angola. The present paper will focus on the myth of the nation’s origins proposed in this novel. It is suggested that Mayombe portrays just one of the possible perspectives on anti-colonial war and on the origins of the Angolan nation, namely a perspective moulded after a socialist imagery, and shaped by a teleological view of history. I will argue that this vision influences the handling of such important issues as individual freedom, the co-existence of diverse forms of collective identity, and the use of violence, leading to a bias in collective memory.
A Critical Review on the Conversion Degree of Resin Monomers by Direct Analyses
Authors: Borges Ana Flavia Sanches , Chase Melody Analia , Guggiari Ana Liesel , Gonzalez Maria Jose , Ribeiro Andreia Rodrigues de Souza , Pascon Fernanda Miori , Zanatta Antonio Ricardo 
Published: May 2015

AbstractObjectives: The aim of this study was to carry out a review on the methods of direct detection of composite resins´ degree of conversion.Data/sources: The authors searched the Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and the Web of Science (ISI) for papers dated from January 1991 to November 2011. The search was complemented by manual searches of the reference lists from each identified relevant paper. The main search terms were: “degree of conversion”, “monomers”, “polymers”, “composite”, “pre-gel”, “post-gel”, “residual monomers” and “double bond”.Study selection: The inclusion criteria were studies that evaluated consolidated methods in the literature to directly evaluate the degree of conversion. Excluded studies were those considered to be unrelated to the question addressed, such as mechanical and physical properties and also monomers from adhesive systems and compomers. The selected papers were assigned to a score (A, B or C), according to the predetermined criteria. A total of 45 papers were selected and 15 papers were included in the critical appraisal. Two articles were labeled as grade A, nine articles were labeled as grade B, and four articles were labeled as grade C. Conclusions: According to the definitions of evidence levels, the current article study showed a strong evidence of review. Clinical significance: The monomer´s degree of conversion predicts the quality of polymers.
Mechanical behavior of NiCr and NiCrTi alloys for implant prosthetic components
Authors: Sartori Ivete Aparecida de Mattias , Ramos Carla Müller , Faot Fernanda , Da Silva Luciano Monteiro , Valgas Laiz , Borges Ana Flávia Sanches 
Published: May 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the tensile and hardness mechanical properties, as well as the composition and microstructure of three different alloys used for implant prosthestic components casting. Methods: The alloys were divided into three groups: Tilite (Tilite), Vera (Verabond) and Malloy (DanCeramalloy). For the tensile test, the specimens (n=10) of each group were evaluated in “alter” form and the maximum load fracture, the deformation at maximum load and Young´s modulus were determined. The data was subjected to one way ANOVA and Turkey’s test. For the hardness test, five discs from each group were evaluated for Vickers hardness. The data was analyzed using multiple regression ANOVA followed by the Turkey’s test. The significance level was set at 5% (? = 0.05). The composition and microstructure was determined through analysis of two specimens from each group by metallographic analysis (MEV/EED). Results: With regards to maximum load tensile, the deformation and the Young´s Modulus the three alloys evaluated were statistically similar. Regarding hardness, Tilite showed significant higher values than the others alloys. Conclusion: All the examined alloys can be used in implant prosthetic components and the presence of the element Ti did not influence the mechanical behavior of the alloy.
Evaluation of crosshead speed influence on shear bond strength test
Authors: Abreu Celina Wanderley de , Duarte Filho Gilberto , Kojima Alberto Noriyuki , Jóias Renato Morales , Mesquita Alfredo Mikail Melo 
Published: May 2015

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different speeds using the piston device in the shear bond strength. 48 cylinders of composed resin had been confectioned (Solidex),and were divided randomly in four groups (n=12). The specimens were adapted to the device for the shear bond strenth test and were taken to an universal testing machine with a load cell of 1000Kg. The test were carried through with four different speeds: group A: 0,5; group B: 1,0; group C: 1,5 and group D: 2,0mm/min. The mean and standard deviations, in Kgf, were: A - 66,31(10,24); B - 64,53 (20,40); C - 75,23 (11,84) and D - 66,62 (13,81). The data were submitted to ANOVA (p=0,13). The results indicated that it did not have statistical significant difference between the groups A, B, C and D concluding that the speed in this type of test, with this device, can be varied without modify results.
Potential antiproliferative effect of isoxazolo- and thiazolo coumarin derivatives on breast cancer mediated bone and lung metastases
Authors: Ballazhi Lulzime , Popovski Emil , Jashari Ahmed , Imeri Faik , Ibrahimi Ibrahim , Mikhova Bozhana , Mladenovska Kristina 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The study highlights the current progress in the development of coumarin scaffolds for drug discovery as novel anticancer agents in metastatic breast cancer. Eight compounds, combining the coumarin core and five membered heterocycles (isoxazoles and thiazoles) in hydrazinyldiene- -chroman-2,4-diones, were characterized in terms of a potential antiproliferative effect on bone (SCP1833) and lung (SCP4175) metastatic breast cancer cell lines using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Cell viability was evaluated after 48 and 72 h of treatment and the 50 % inhibitory concentrations were determined. The results demonstrated dose- and time-dependent activity, with the most potent molecules having a thiazole moiety, without or with additional methyl group(s) attached to the carbon(s) at position(s) 5 and/or 4 in the thiazole ring. These molecules possessed significantly higher potency against both test cell lines compared to 4-hydroxycoumarin
Compressibility of tableting materials and properties of tablets with glyceryl behenate
Authors: Mužíková Jitka , Muchová Sandra , Komersová Alena , Lochař Václav 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The paper studies the compressibility of directly compressible tableting materials with dry binders, spray-dried lactose and microcrystalline cellulose, and glyceryl dibehenate at various concentrations. Compressibility was evaluated by means of the energy profile of compression and tensile strength of tablets. Release rate of the active ingredient, salicylic acid, from the tablets was also examined. In the case of microcrystalline cellulose, a higher concentration of glyceryl dibehenate increased the strength of tablets, while this did not occur in the case of spray-dried lactose. Increasing concentration of glyceryl dibehenate prolonged the release of salicylic acid; however, no statistically significant difference was found compared to the type of the dry binder used
New records of the Gannet Morus bassanus in Slovenia / Novi podatki o strmoglavcih Morus bassanus v Sloveniji
Authors: Genov Tilen , Malek Aljaž 
Published: May 2015

Povzetek
Strmoglavec Morus bassanus je razširjen v Severnem Atlantiku in Severnem morju, predvsem pozimi pa del populacije vstopa tudi v zahodno Sredozemlje. V vzhodnem Sredozemlju je občutno redkejši, njegov status v Jadranskem morju pa ni povsem razjasnjen. V Sloveniji so bila doslej zabeležena tri opažanja. V pričujočem delu podajava dve novi opažanji strmoglavca v Sloveniji in kratek pregled pojavljanja na območju Jadrana. Prvič sva vrsto zabeležila 9. 6. 2014, 5,7 km od Pirana (45°34.161‘ N; 13°31.124‘ E). Šlo je za dve odrasli ptici in dva nezrela osebka v drugem koledarskem letu. Drugič, in sicer 4. 8. 2014, 5,5 km od Pirana (45°33.936‘ N; 13°30.943‘ E) in le 480 m od predhodne lokacije, pa sva zabeležila en osebek v drugem koledarskem letu. V obeh opažanjih je bilo skupaj posnetih 71 fotografij. Oba podatka je potrdila Komisija za redkosti. Ti novi podatki imajo za Slovenijo velik pomen, saj gre za 1) 4. in 5. opažanje te vrste pri nas; 2) prvi opažanji, dokumentirani s kvalitetnimi fotografijami in 3) prvo opažanje več osebkov ter odraslih ptic. Pojavljanje strmoglavcev na Jadranu je razmeroma redko, bolj pogosti so v severozahodnem delu regije. Globalna populacija je v zadnjem stoletju naraščala, zato utegnejo biti nova opažanja rezultat širitve areala, čeprav so lahko tudi posledica večjega opazovalnega napora v zadnjih letih. Ker so nezreli osebki manj prepoznavni kot odrasli, je možno, da so na tem območju pogostejši, kot smo mislili doslej. Prihodnje raziskave utegnejo dati odgovore na vprašanja statusa strmoglavcev v Tržaškem zalivu in severnem Jadranu ter morebitnih sprememb v pogostosti pojavljanja
Modelling of BLDCM with a double 3-phase stator winding and back EMF harmonics
Authors: Drozdowski Piotr 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In this paper the mathematical model of the brushless DC motor (BLDCM) with a double 3-phase stator winding is analysed. Both the 3-phase windings are mutually displaced by 30 electrical degree. Special care has been sacrificed to influence of higher harmonics of induced electromotive forces (EMF) on electromagnetic torque and zero sequence voltages that may be used for sensorless control. The mathematical model has been presented in natural variables and, after transformation to symmetrical components, in a vector form. This allows, from one side, for formulating the equivalent circuit suitable for circuit oriented simulators (e.g.: Spice, SimPowerSystems of Simulink) and, from the other point of view, for analysis of higher harmonics influence on control possibilities. These considerations have been illustrated with some results of four quadrant operation obtainded due to simulation at automatic control.