bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Local Environmental Performance in Western Moldavia (Romania)
Authors: Sandu Alexandra , Bănică Alexandru 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The environmental performance is a result of measurable characteristics emerging from the functionality of integrated environmental management systems based on various sustainable development policies at different administrative levels. This paper aims to quantify some dimensions of environmental performance in terms of outcomes and administrative efficiency for Western Moldavia region, using the latest available data. The obtained results demonstrate the territorial heterogeneity of environmental state, pressure and spatial resilience by highlighting the importance of ecosystems viability (forest cover, land degradation), sustainable local governance (environmental expenditure), energy, water quality, sanitation and environmental health (sanitation services, access to water and sewage, use of renewable energy). If completed in future by integrating other local environmental performance indicators the outcome of this research could become a viable tool for local and regional system of government in establishing policies in order to effectively preserve the environment.
The Physico-Mechanical Characteristics of the Clays in and After Doping With Metal Oxide Al2O3 in the Region of Fez (Morocco)
Authors: Mesrar Laila , Akdim Mariam , Lakrim Mohamed , Aroussi Omar El , Akhrif Iatimad , Jabrane Raouf 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Miocene marl is one of the widespread geological substrates in Fez vicinity (Central Morocco). In this study we proceed by a physicochemical characterization of the marl after doping with metal oxides, by various analytical techniques, namely the X-ray fluorescence, the mineralogical analysis, and dielectric property. The doping of these marl was conducted by solid oxides of Al2O3 at different percentages (5%, 10% and 15%). The results of chemical analysis showed the Al2O3 increase during doping. So, the mineralogical analysis of doped clays shows peaks' increases for kaolin. The marl doped acquired the property of their good electrical conductor compared to crass marl.
Elements of Climate Evolution in yhe Area Between Prut and Dniester Rivers. Landscape and Pedogenetic Implications
Authors: Jigău Gheorghe , Apostol Liviu , Barsan Ana , Tofan Elena 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Component part of the Carpathian-Danubian-Pontic space, the interfluve area between Prut and Dniester is subject to the regional process of climate evolution and change. In what regards the concept of human-influenced pedogenesis, the role of the biological factor is significantly reduced. As a consequence the direction and intensity of the elementary landscape and pedogenetic processes are determined by the relations between climate and the geomorphological factor. In the conditions of a relative stability of the geomorphological factor, the determining role is held by climate. To this is added soil vulnerability to the implications of climate changes, determined by the degree of soil physical degradation but also by a series of intrinsic and external (drainage) factors. This implies the idea of the control and management of the landscape and pedogenetic implications of climate changes by improving soil physical characteristics.
Action Research – A New Approach for Environmental RD&I
Authors: Danubianu Mirela , Teodorescu Cristian 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
High efficiency research, development and innovation (RD&I) constitute an answer to the ever growing importance that EU states give to knowledge-based development (a central idea in the Europe 2020 Strategy), directed toward finding comprehensive solutions to concerns connected to the Europe’s resource depletion, energy future, climate changes, etc. The "Action Research" paradigm appeared in the late 1940s but its systematic application is the attribute of recent years. It keeps researchers in the real world, requires teamwork, collaboration with communities and other stakeholders. Action Research is especially suitable in projects for reducing anthropic footprint / environmental aggression and in waste management. In essence, Action Research (for the first time systematically applied in Romania) is the research approach that lets the problem studied to conduct the analysis and generate appropriate solutions; it constitutes a flexible, versatile technique to generate new knowledge through iterative interaction with the domain studied - namely the environment - researchers and communities.
The paper presents the application of Action Research in a Norwegian-financed, Industrial Symbiosis Project in Romania. Details of the Action Research as a tool for training young researchers are presented. Solutions generated during the application of Action Research dealt with the identification of new ways to turn waste into valuable resources, assessing the merits of multiple alternatives and picking up the optimal one form the triple bottom line (economic, environmental, social) characteristic to sustainable development.
The paper examines the issues of multi-disciplinary ways, how Action Research can be integrated into academic curricula, giving practical results which make it more accessible to students. When compared to the traditional way of training researchers and scientific research approach, Action Research is clearly a better approach, widening the horizon offered by accountability, improving the effectiveness and efficiency of knowledge generation processes.
Granting the Right to a Quality Environment - A Premise of Sustainable Development
Authors: Durac Gheorghe 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
In the dynamics of national and international regulations, an important threshold has been crossed - the recognition and granting of the fundamental right to environment. The applicable international documents formulate the idea of an individual right to a specific quality of the environment.
Certain documents consecrate yet another minimalistic perspective, according to which the right to environment is only infringed when the right to life itself is threatened, considering that only significant degradations of environmental quality may endanger the vital biological needs for the survival of mankind.
We must nevertheless stress that although there is no direct and unanimous recognition of a right to environment per se, an indirect acknowledgement of it can still be seen in the connection established between the fundamental human rights (the right to life, the right to health, the right to freedom, etc.) and the quality to the environmental factors, which underlines the fact that the compliance with the environmental dispositions is a prerequisite for insuring optimal life conditions.
We must also note that there has been a reversal of the environment - development relation. Thus, if in the beginning the environment could not be understood without development, it was later stipulated that sustainable development cannot exist without the existence of a quality environment
The Actual Stage of Potential Development Regarding the Tourism in Slănic Moldova Resort, Bacău County
Authors: Popa Ovidiu Cristian 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This article illustrates the concept of tourism potential, which includes all natural and human tourism resources which generate various forms of tourism. Slănic Moldova town is in a great development, being sustained by the glorious oldtime image: ”Moldova‟s Pearl”. The recent accomplishments, the implementation projects and the short and medium time investment programs aim not only to affirm the resort at a regional level, but to transform it in to an authentic “Romanian tourism pearl”. Developing Slănic Moldova town will aim to develop its natural resources. For the years to come, it is willing to sustain a long-lasting economy especially based on touristic services at a European level, but also on diversifying the local economic activities, in respect for the nature and permanent environment preoccupation. In order to reach certain values the contribution of all factors that can determine the town‟s socio-economic development are needed: the local community and the local‟s support, keeping the environment intact and not the least increasing the number of tourists. Slănic Moldova will be one of the main touristic balneoclimatheric mountain destinations in Romania having a diverse and attractive touristic offer during the entire year, high quality touristic services, in an exceptional, pollution free, natural environment. Slănic Moldova will pass through an essential stage of its development, in which the national and external touristic context will be redefined. Being guided by the reputation of „Moldova‟s Pearl”, Slănic Moldova will develop its mineral waters and great natural environment extraordinary potential, thus becoming the great „pearl of Romanian tourism”.
Thermal Hazards in Cold Semester of the Year in the Mountain Area of Moldova River (Sector Between Vama and the Springs of Moldova River)
Authors: Apostol Liviu , Ilie Nicolae 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
During the cold semester , most representative of climate risks are the thermal ones, specifically, on the base of a depression area, apprearance of thermal inversions. Amid this feature mentioned, the coldest temperatures were recorded in the lowlands,in the hearth's depression,as the municipe Câmpulung Moldovenesc, here being registered and the lowest temperature from the area studied,-31.7°C. All these thermal inversions that occur in transitional periods (spring and autumn) are producing the early frosts,late respectively, these being the most damaging for local agriculture. This stability of the atmosphere, in conjunction with cold air, which is garrisoned on the’s hearth depression, leads to atmospheric pollution with pollutants, resulting from transport and heating, because we are talking about an area in woodland, and consequently, wood is the main source of heating, especially in outlying areas of the city Câmpulung Moldovenesc,where court houses predominate, with their own heating systems.
The Physical and Biochemical Peculiarities of Representative Soils in Giurgeu Mountains
Authors: Lupașcu Angela , Chelariu Daniela 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The analyses for the description of physic-chemical and humus fractional characteristics have been determined for two soil subtypes, respectively four soil profiles, that are representative for the lower altitudes area of Giurgeu Mountains. The analysis has been based on: one Andi-Eutric Cambisols (EC an- 920 m alt.) and three Cambic Andosols (AN ca) situated at different altitudes: 1120-1140 m, 1197 m and 1310 m. The purpose of the research is to indentify some quantitative and qualitative differences in regards to some organic and inorganic components from the soil. Have come into prominence the sum of exchangeable bases, the total acidity exchange, the degree of base saturation and other aspects related to organic accumulation (the highest in Cambic Andosols: 1120-1140 m alt.), degree of humification (higher for the same Andosol and variable for the one from 1310 m alt.), the distribution curve on the profile of chemical and biochemical humic components. In terms of quality, there are differences in regard to the humification degree of organic matter, the dynamic on the profile of the main humus fractions (humic acids, fulvic acids, non-extractable material) forming the horizons of accumulation for some of the fractions.
Evolution Of The Results Of 1500 Liver Transplantations Performed In The Department Of General, Transplant And Liver Surgery Medical University Of Warsaw
Authors: Krawczyk Marek , Grąt Michał , Grąt Karolina , Wronka Karolina , Krasnodębski Maciej , Stypułkowski Jan , Masior Łukasz , Hołówko Wacław , Ligocka Joanna , Nyckowski Paweł , Wróblewski Tadeusz , Paluszkiewicz Rafał , Patkowski Waldemar , Zieniewicz Krzysztof , Pączek Leszek , Milkiewicz Piotr , Ołdakowska-Jedynak Urszula , Najnigier Bogusław , Dudek Krzysztof , Remiszewski Piotr , Grzelak Ireneusz , Kornasiewicz Oskar , Kotulski Marcin , Smoter Piotr , Grodzicki Mariusz , Korba Michał , Kalinowski Piotr , Skalski Michał , Zając Krzysztof , Stankiewicz Rafał , Przybysz Marta , Cieślak Bartosz , Nazarewski Łukasz , Nowosad Małgorzata , Kobryń Konrad , Wasilewicz Michał , Raszeja-Wyszomirska Joanna , Piwowarska Jolanta , Giercuszkiewicz Dorota , Sańko-Resmer Joanna , Rejowski Sławomir , Szydłowska-Jakimiuk Monika , Górnicka Barbara , Wróblewska-Ziarkiewicz Bogna , Mazurkiewicz Michał , Niewiński Grzegorz , Pawlak Jacek , Pacho Ryszard 
Published: July 2015

AbstractLiver transplantation is a well-established treatment of patients with end-stage liver disease and selected liver tumors. Remarkable progress has been made over the last years concerning nearly all of its aspects.was to evaluate the evolution of long-term outcomes after liver transplantations performed in the Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery (Medical University of Warsaw).Data of 1500 liver transplantations performed between 1989 and 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Transplantations were divided into 3 groups: group 1 including first 500 operations, group 2 including subsequent 500, and group 3 comprising the most recent 500. Five year overall and graft survival were set as outcome measures.Increased number of transplantations performed at the site was associated with increased age of the recipients (p<0.001) and donors (p<0.001), increased rate of male recipients (p<0.001), and increased rate of piggyback operations (p<0.001), and decreased MELD (p<0.001), as well as decreased blood (p=0.006) and plasma (p<0.001) transfusions. Overall survival was 71.6% at 5 years in group 1, 74.5% at 5 years in group 2, and 85% at 2.9 years in group 3 (p=0.008). Improvement of overall survival was particularly observed for primary transplantations (p=0.004). Increased graft survival rates did not reach the level of significance (p=0.136).Long-term outcomes after liver transplantations performed in the Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery are comparable to those achieved in the largest transplant centers worldwide and are continuously improving despite increasing recipient age and wider utilization of organs procured from older donors.
Gall-Stone Ileus – Own Patients And Literature Review
Authors: Kozieł Sławomir , Papaj Piotr , Dobija-Kubica Katarzyna , Śleziński Przemysław , Wróbel Józef 
Published: July 2015

AbstractCholelithiasis is diagnosed in 10% of the population of the USA and Western Europe. A rare but serious complication of cholelithiasis is the obstruction of the digestive tract caused by a gall-stone (Bernard syndrome). It can add up to 1-4% of the mechanical obstructions of a small intestine among the general population but it can result in nonstriangulational mechanical obstructions of a small intestine in 25% cases among the patients over the age of 65.5 patients have undergone an operation due to a small intestine gall-stone ileus in years 2011-2013 (within 27 months) in the General Surgery Ward of the Beskid Oncology Center - Municipal Hospital. In 4 patients simple enterotomy with a gall-stone extraction was performed. In the fifth patient enterolitotomy was conducted together with cholecystectomy and fistulotomy.
Biomechanical study in vitro on the use of self-designed external fixator in diaphyseal III metacarpal fractures in horses
Authors: Turek B. , Potyński A. , Wajler C. , Szara T. , Czopowicz M. , Drewnowska O. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Diaphyseal fractures of the III metacarpal bone represent 22% of all fractures of the long bones in horses. Treatment of such cases is difficult. The most popular solution used in these types of fractures is two plates applied directly to the bone surface, but they are not applicable on contaminated and infected fractures.
External fixators are quite commonly used in human medicine, although in veterinary practice there is no typical stabilizer designed for the treatment of diaphyseal fractures of the III metacarpal bone so far. In this study, an external semicircular fixator of our own design was used and in vitro strength tests were conducted to determine the maximum force which would lead to the destruction of non-fractured bone and fractured bone treated with the stabilizer.
On the basis of the strength tests, we can conclude that the stabilizer can be strong enough to allow the horse to stand up after surgery. It also has many favorable features which make it easy to assemble and to take care of a wound, while being safe enough for the animal at the same time.
Zearalenone-induced changes in the lymphoid tissue and mucosal nerve fibers in the porcine ileum
Authors: Obremski K. , Gonkowski S. , Wojtacha P. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This is the first study to examine zearalenone-(ZEN) induced changes in the immune system of the ileum and substance P-(SP-) and vasoactive intestinal peptide-(VIP-) immunoreactive nerve fibers in the mucosa, which participate in the regulation of intestinal functions under physiological conditions and during pathological processes. The aim of this study was also to identify potential relationships between selected immune and neural elements in ileal Peyer’s patches in pigs that were and were not exposed to ZEN. The experiment was performed on 10 prepubertal gilts divided into two groups: the experimental group (n=5) where ZEN was administered at 0.1 mg kg−1 feed day−1 for 42 days, and the control group (n=5) which was administered a placebo. The tissue levels of cytokines were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay which revealed elevated concentrations of IL-12/23 40p and IL-1 β in animals exposed to ZEN. Flow cytometry revealed a lower percentage of CD21+ lymphocytes in pigs exposed to ZEN in comparison with control animals. The tissue levels of neuropeptides were evaluated in the dot blot procedure which demonstrated higher concentrations of VIP and SP in experimental pigs. In experimental animals, numerous VIP-like immunoreactive processes were observed, and SP-immunoreactive nerve fibers formed a very dense network. Our results demonstrate for the first time that ZEN can modify the chemical coding of nerve structures in the gastrointestinal system. Those modifications can be attributed to ZEN’s impact on estrogen receptors or its pro-inflammatory properties, and they reflect changes that take place in the nervous system at the transcriptional, translational and metabolic level.
Gait analysis after neurorrhaphy in the brachial plexus
Authors: Reichert P. , Kiełbowicz Z. , Kuryszko J. , Bocheńska A. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The gait is a form of human and animal locomotion on land by using limbs. The study assessed functional recovery after end to side and side to side neurorrhaphy the ventral branches of the C5 and C6 spinal nerves to the C7 spinal nerve on the rabbit brachial plexus. Gait statistical analysis showed significant differences between the control group versus the end-to-side and side to side neurorrhaphy groups, in opposite to the comparison between the two experimentals groups. Gait analysis results corresponded with the histomorphometric results. The results indicate the potential use of gait analysis for the assessment of the recovery of nerve function.
A comparison of the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of ivermectin after spring and autumn treatments against Cyathostominae in horses
Authors: Sokół R. , Raś-Noryńska M. , Michalczyk M. , Jasiecka A. , Ziółkowski H. , Jaroszewski J. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of ivermectin against Cyathostominae infections and to describe the drug’s pharmacokinetic parameters during two seasonal deworming treatments in horses. The study was performed on warm-blooded mares aged 3-12 years weighing 450-550 kg. A single bolus of an oral paste formulation of ivermectin was administered at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg BW in spring and autumn. Fecal samples were tested before treatment and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 75 days after treatment. Ivermectin concentrations in blood samples collected before treatment, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours after treatment, and 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 75 days after drug administration were determined by high pressure liquid chromatography. Drug absorption was significantly (p<0.05) slower (tmax: 21.89±11.43 h) in autumn than in spring (tmax: 9.78±8.97 h). Maximum concentrations (Cmax) of ivermectin in the blood plasma of individual horses (8.40-43.08 ng/ml) were observed 2-24 h after drug administration during the spring treatment and 2-36 h (6.43-24.86 ng/ml) after administration during the autumn treatment. Significantly higher (p<0.05) ivermectin concentrations were found during the first 4 hours after administration in spring in comparison with those determined after the autumn treatment.
The administration of the recommended dose of ivermectin resulted in 100% elimination of parasitic eggs from feces in spring and autumn treatment.
Verapamil – L type voltage gated calcium channel inhibitor diminishes aggressive behavior in male Siamese fighting fish
Authors: Kania B.F. , Dębski B. , Wrońska D. , Zawadzka E. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Verapamil is a L-type voltage gated calcium channels inhibitor (VGCCI), which is a highly prescribed drug used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia and cluster headaches. Its common use caused its appearance in water environment. VGCC inhibit epinephrine release and cause many neuro-hormonal changes influencing also fish behavior. Siamese fighting fish was chosen to study the influence of verapamil given to the water on the beginning of experiment in 3 different concentrations of 0 (control), 8 and 160 μg · L−1, on aggressive behavior in these fish. The experimental fish were placed in individual glass containers for 3 weeks and the mirror test was used. The highest concentration led to a significant modulation of fish behavior after 1 week and the lower dose caused statistically significant behavioral changes after 2 weeks of verapamil treatment. Siamese fighting fish males exposed to verapamil had longer latencies to the first chase – 12.6 s (8 μg · L−1 of verapamil) and 18.8 s (160 μg · L−1 of verapamil) compared to 5.6 s in the control group, decreased attack frequency and shorter duration of these attacks. The number of attacks within 10 min was decreased from 38.3 in the control group to 27.1 and 16.1, respectively. Also the total duration of these attacks decreased from 354.8 (control) to 326.4 (decrease statistically insignificant) and to 194.8 s in verapamil treated groups. It was shown, that even relatively low concentrations of verapamil in water may have adverse effects on fish and probably other living organisms.