bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large marine protected areas – advantages and challenges of going big
Authors: Wilhelm T. 'Aulani , Sheppard Charles R. C. , Sheppard Anne L. S. , Gaymer Carlos F. , Parks John , Wagner Daniel , Lewis Nai'a 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTThe Aichi Biodiversity Targets were designed to promote and implement the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) by providing a framework for action to save biodiversity and enhance its benefits for people. Specifically, Target 11 aims to protect 10% of all seas by 2020. The percentage of the world's oceans that are protected has increased steadily in recent years, mainly due to very large marine protected areas (MPAs).The issue of making major gains in achieving protection targets through ‘going big’ has brought added scrutiny to the subject of MPAs. There is economy in scale, but several people have called into question whether going large will protect representative habitat and result in true protection, or whether it is merely a politically expedient way for some nations to attain targets by creating paper parks, while avoiding tough conservation decisions.The recent creation of large MPAs has greatly enhanced the chance of achieving global protection targets. Large areas typically contain several ecosystems and habitats that interact ecologically, and allow for more holistic conservation. The interactions between ecosystems in large MPAs occur without many of the problems associated with networks of smaller MPAs, where the connectivity between sites is often affected by human activities.The disadvantages of large MPAs include difficulties of surveillance, enforcement and monitoring of vast offshore areas, as well as high total costs. While the cost per unit area may be lower for large MPAs, conducting surveillance and monitoring in such vast areas requires much more expensive technologies.Large MPAs complement and add to existing management and conservation measures. Decision makers should consider designating them as one of a suite of possible protection measures. Besides greatly enhancing the chance of reaching agreed biodiversity targets, large MPAs improve the quality of conservation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Merging top‐down and bottom‐up approaches in marine protected areas planning: experiences from around the globe
Authors: Gaymer Carlos F. , Stadel Angela V. , Ban Natalie C. , Cárcamo P. Francisco , Ierna Joseph , Lieberknecht Louise M. 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTFive case studies from around the world illustrate key lessons in integrating top‐down and bottom‐up approaches to stakeholder and community engagement in the planning and implementation of marine protected areas (MPAs).Community resistance to MPA proposals from centralized agencies can be addressed through effective participatory processes with consistent engagement over time, transparency, and the incorporation of benefits for communities.Indigenous communities in particular are becoming key actors of some conservation initiatives (e.g. MPAs) and recognition of their inherent rights, traditional knowledge and deep connections to the marine environment can become the foundations for collaborative management of MPAs.True participation requires empowerment for engagement, and this in turn requires education and capacity building for local people to get involved in the process of planning, implementing, and managing MPAs.How bottom‐up and top‐down approaches are used should consider the scale of the MPA (e.g. small vs. large), the geographic scenario (e.g. coastal vs. remote), the level of anthropogenic influence, the conservation objectives (e.g. species, habitats, ecosystems), the political and governance context, and specific cultural conditions, such as the presence of indigenous communities. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Marine protected areas and fisheries: bridging the divide
Authors: Weigel Jean‐Yves , Mannle Kathryn Olivia , Bennett Nathan James , Carter Eleanor , Westlund Lena , Burgener Valerie , Hoffman Zachary , Simão Da Silva Alfredo , Kane Elimane Abou , Sanders Jessica , Piante Catherine , Wagiman Sukarno , Hellman Ashley 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTLong‐term and well‐managed marine protected areas (MPAs) can, under the right circumstances, contribute to biodiversity conservation and fisheries management, thus contributing to food security and sustainable livelihoods.This article emphasizes (1) the potential utility of MPAs as a fisheries management tool, (2) the costs and benefits of MPAs for fishing communities, and (3) the foundations of good governance and management processes for creating effective MPAs with a dual fisheries and conservation mandate.This article highlights case studies from numerous regions of the world that demonstrate practical and often successful solutions in bridging the divide between MPA management and fisheries sustainability, with a focus on small‐scale coastal fisheries in order to emphasize lessons learned.To be an effective fisheries management tool, MPAs should be embedded in broader fisheries management and conservation plans. MPAs are unlikely to generate benefits if implemented in isolation. The spatial and temporal distribution of benefits and costs needs to be taken into account since proximal fishery‐dependent communities may experience higher fishing costs over the short and long‐term while the fisheries benefits from MPAs may only accrue over the long‐term.Key lessons for effectively bridging the divide between biodiversity conservation and fisheries sustainability goals in the context of MPAs include: creating spaces and processes for engagement, incorporating fisheries in MPA design and MPAs into fisheries management, engaging fishers in management, recognizing rights and tenure, coordinating between agencies and clarifying roles, combining no‐take‐areas with other fisheries management actions, addressing the balance of costs and benefits to fishers, making a long‐term commitment, creating a collaborative network of stakeholders, taking multiple pressures into account, managing adaptively, recognizing and addressing trade‐offs, and matching good governance with effective management and enforcement.© 2014 The Authors. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Building the regional perspective: platforms for success
Authors: Johnson David E. , Martinez Carole , Vestergaard Ole , Duval‐Diop Dominique , Romani Marie , Mcconnell Martha C. , Beatty Craig , Jumeau Ronny , Brown Kate 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTRegional approaches to protecting the marine environment have gathered momentum over the past 40 years. Pioneered by UNEP's Regional Seas Programme, such approaches have broadened their remit from pollution prevention to the conservation of biodiversity, promoting management tools such as networks of marine protected areas (MPAs).Formal intergovernmental approaches are increasingly complemented by a range of regional projects committed to ambitious targets to establish MPAs and Local Marine Managed Areas (LMMAs). These regional efforts have been inspired by political leaders, non‐governmental organizations, coastal communities and committed individuals.Regional networks of MPA managers have drawn together professionals to share good practice and further develop management tools. They focus on partnerships and capacity building opportunities with support from international donors and implementing agencies.Collective ecosystem‐based management delivered using a regional approach is identified as a preferred solution to environmental challenges in polar regions. Crossing boundaries and fostering regional synergies can help ensure ecologically coherent regional networks and support resilience. There is also the potential to reap tangible rewards from applying such a regional approach in many other areas.Regional coherence of MPA network design, compliance and enforcement policies, and information sharing is an optimal way to understand and counter commercial and industrial resource extraction forces actively working against sustainable development. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐speed rail cost recovery time based on an integer optimization model
Authors: Tang Shoupeng , Boyles Stephen D. , Jiang Nan 
Published: November 2014

SummaryWith increasing gasoline prices, electric high‐speed rail (HSR) systems represent one means to mitigate overexposure to volatile prices. However, additional research is needed related to funding this infrastructure. In this paper, we develop a new integer optimization model to address this problem and use a hypothetical case study to demonstrate the approach. The objective of the approach is to minimize the time period in which the cost of HSR construction and operation can be recovered. This is an iterative process based on an integer optimization model, whose objective function is to determine the optimum recovery time (ORT), by setting the HSR ticket price and frequency. Embedded in the optimization model is a multinomial logit model for calculating the demand for HSR as a function of these decision variables, thus capturing the effects of level of service on market share. In particular, the optimization model accounts for the role of different types of subsidies toward HSR construction (one‐time subsidies at construction, annual subsidies, and subsidies depending on frequency). This method can also help determine whether an HSR system should be built or how much subsidy should be provided given a fixed expected cost recovery time. By integrating the logit model into the objective function evaluation, the effects of ticket price and service frequency on service demand can be directly captured. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Primary skin closure after damage control laparotomy
Authors: Pommerening M J , Kao L S , Sowards K J , Wade C E , Holcomb J B , Cotton B A 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Background
Damage control laparotomy (DCL) is used widely in the management of patients with traumatic injuries but carries significant morbidity. Surgical-site infection (SSI) also carries potential morbidity, increased costs and prolonged hospital stay. The aim of this study was to determine whether primary skin closure after DCL increases the risk of SSI.

Methods
This was a retrospective institutional review of injured patients undergoing DCL between 2004 and 2012. Outcomes of patients who had primary skin closure at the time of fascial closure were compared with those of patients whose skin wound was left open to heal by secondary intention. The association between skin closure and SSI was evaluated using propensity score-adjusted multivariable logistic regression.

Results
Of 510 patients who underwent DCL, primary fascial closure was achieved in 301. Among these, 111 (36·9 per cent) underwent primary skin closure and in 190 (63·1 per cent) the skin wound was left open. Fascial closure at the initial take-back surgery was associated with having skin closure (P &lt; 0·001), and colonic injury was associated with leaving the skin open (P = 0·002). On multivariable analysis, primary skin closure was associated with an increased risk of abdominal SSI (P = 0·020), but not fascial dehiscence (P = 0·446). Of patients receiving skin closure, 85·6 per cent did not develop abdominal SSI and were spared the morbidity of managing an open wound at discharge.

Conclusion
Primary skin closure after DCL is appropriate but may be associated with an increased risk of SSI.
Prediction of Air Specific Heat Ratios at Elevated Pressures Using a Novel Modeling Approach
Authors: Kamari Arash , Mohammadi Amir H. , Bahadori Alireza , Zendehboudi Sohrab 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAn accurate and efficient model based on least‐squares support vector machines (LSSVM) is developed for the determination of air specific heat ratios at elevated pressures. Additionally, the coupled simulated annealing optimization strategy is used to calculate the optimal values of the LSSVM parameters. A large dataset of air specific heat ratios as a function of temperature and pressure for about 170 samples is used to develop and validate the model. The leverage approach (Williams plot) is used to determine the applicability domain of the model and to detect probably erroneous data points. Comparison of the obtained results with a previously published correlation as well as an intelligent method demonstrates that the performance of the presented model is more satisfactory than that of other methods.
Silver‐Free Activation of Ligated Gold(I) Chlorides: The Use of [Me3NB12Cl11]− as a Weakly Coordinating Anion in Homogeneous Gold Catalysis
Authors: Wegener Michael , Huber Florian , Bolli Christoph , Jenne Carsten , Kirsch Stefan F. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractPhosphane and N‐heterocyclic carbene ligated gold(I) chlorides can be effectively activated by Na[Me3NB12Cl11] (1) under silver‐free conditions. This activation method with a weakly coordinating closo‐dodecaborate anion was shown to be suitable for a large variety of reactions known to be catalyzed by homogeneous gold species, ranging from carbocyclizations to heterocyclizations. Additionally, the capability of 1 in a previously unknown conversion of 5‐silyloxy‐1,6‐allenynes was demonstrated.
Anionic CH⋅⋅⋅X−Hydrogen Bonds: Origin of Their Strength, Geometry, and Other Properties
Authors: Nepal Binod , Scheiner Steve 
Published: November 2014

AbstractCF3H as a proton donor was paired with a variety of anions, and its properties were assessed by MP2/aug‐cc‐pVDZ calculations. The binding energy of monoanions halide, NO3−, formate, acetate, HSO4−, and H2PO4−lie in the 12–17 kcal mol−1range, although F−is more strongly bound, by 26 kcal mol−1. Dianions SO42−and HPO42−are bound by 27 kcal mol−1, and trianion PO43−by 45 kcal mol−1. When two O atoms are available on the anion, the CH⋅⋅⋅O−H‐bond (HB) is usually bifurcated, although asymmetrically. The CH bond is elongated and its stretching frequency redshifted in these ionic HBs, but the shift is reduced in the bifurcated structures. Slightly more than half of the binding energy is attributed to Coulombic attraction, with smaller contributions from induction and dispersion. The amount of charge transfer from the anions to the σ*(CH) orbital correlates with many of the other indicators of bond strength, such as binding energy, CH bond stretch, CH redshift, downfield NMR spectroscopic chemical shift of the bridging proton, and density at bond critical points.
Platinum Complexes of a Borane‐Appended Analogue of 1,1′‐Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene: Flexible Borane Coordination Modes and in situ Vinylborane Formation
Authors: Cowie Bradley E. , Emslie David J. H. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of David Emslie at McMaster University (Canada). The image depicts the ferrocene–borane ligand as an industrial robot, with a conventional claw arm representing the bis‐phosphine unit and an unconventional arm with a suction cup representing the borane acceptor. This single ligand gives access to multiple different bonding situations, hence the assembly line. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201404846.
ChemInform Abstract: Vibrational Spectrum and Gas‐Phase Structure of Disulfur Dinitride (S2N2)
Authors: Perrin Agnes , Flores Antognini Andrea , Zeng Xiaoqing , Beckers Helmut , Willner Helge , Rauhut Guntram 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe first gas‐phase high‐resolution FTIR spectra of S2N2 (D2h) is presented together with a high‐level quantum mechanical and experimental study of its molecular ground‐state and equilibrium structures.
ChemInform Abstract: Mg2SiO4:Tb3+ Nanophosphor: Auto Ignition Route and Near UV Excited Photoluminescence Properties for WLEDs.
Authors: Naik Ramachandra , Prashantha S. C. , Nagabhushana H. , Nagaswarupa H. P. , Anantharaju K. S. , Sharma S. C. , Nagabhushana B. M. , Premkumar H. B. , Girish K. M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractNanoparticles of Tb3+ doped (1—11 mol%) Mg2SiO4 are prepared by low temperature solution combustion with stoichiometric amounts of Mg(NO3)2 and fumed SiO2 as precursor and oxalyl di‐hydrazide (ODH) as fuel.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Single Crystal Growth and Properties of Sr5Pb3ZnO12.
Authors: Winiarski M. J. , Szreder N. A. , Barczynski R. J. , Klimczuk T. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractPolycrystalline Sr5Pb3ZnO12 is prepared by firing a stoichiometric mixture of SrCO3, Pb3O4, and ZnO in air (alumina crucible, 800 °C, 36 h).The compound crystallizes similar to the known compounds Sr5Pb3MO12 (M: Co, Ni, Cu) in the space group P$\bar 6$2m (powder XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: Low Temperature Synthesis and Structures of Alkaline Earth Metal Chalcogenides Ba3Cu4SbS6OH, BaCuSbS3 and BaCu2S2.
Authors: Ma Zhimin , Weng Fan , Wang Qiuran , Tang Qun , Zhang Ganghua , Zheng Chong , Han Ray P. S. , Huang Fuqiang 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA mixture of Ba3Cu4SbS6OH (I) and BaCuSbS3 (II) is hydrothermally synthesized by reaction of Cu, Sb, S, and Ba(OH)2 in H2O (autoclave, 200 °C, 48—82 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of α‐(Dichloromethyl)amines, α‐(Chloromethyl)amines, and α‐Chloroaziridines.
Authors: Li Desheng , Li Ya , Chen Zhiqiu , Shang Huaqi , Li Hongsen , Ren Xinfeng 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe diastereoselective reaction of aldimines (I) with silane (II) at low temperature give α‐(dichloromethyl)amines (III) whereas aziridines (IV) are obtained when the reaction mixture is warmed up to room temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantioselective Silylation of N‐Sulfonylimines: Asymmetric Synthesis of α‐Amino Acids from CO2 via Stereospecific Carboxylation of α‐Amino Silanes.
Authors: Mita Tsuyoshi , Sugawara Masumi , Saito Keisuke , Sato Yoshihiro 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAn asymmetric silylation of N‐tert‐butylsulfonylimines by using a Cu‐secondary diamine complex as the catalyst is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Ti(III)‐Catalyzed Cyclizations of Ketoepoxypolyprenes: Control over the Number of Rings and Unexpected Stereoselectivities.
Authors: Morcillo Sara P. , Miguel Delia , Resa Sandra , Martin‐Lasanta Ana , Millan Alba , Choquesillo‐Lazarte Duane , Garcia‐Ruiz Juan M. , Mota Antonio J. , Justicia Jose , Cuerva Juan M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractSeveral synthetic applications of the primary reaction products are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Free Semihydrogenation of Diarylalkynes: Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of trans‐Alkenes Using Na2S·9H2O.
Authors: Chen Zhengwang , Luo Miaoting , Wen Yuelu , Luo Guotian , Liu Liangxian 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA simple procedure for the highly selective conversion of diarylalkynes to E‐alkenes by using a small excess of sodium sulfide as reductant is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Allylic Dearomatization Reaction of α‐Substituted β‐Naphthol Derivatives: Scope and Mechanistic Investigation.
Authors: Zhuo Chun‐Xiang , You Shu‐Li 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis new title reaction proceeds with excellent regio‐ and chemoselectivity and a wide range of β‐naphthalenones with a quaternary carbon atom are obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: C—C Coupling Through Intramolecular Dual C—H Activation Directed by a Removable Carboxylate Group: A Method for the Synthesis of Fluorenones under Mild Reaction Conditions.
Authors: Liu Lu , Wang Fang , Li Zhenghong , Wang Jianhui 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe Pd‐catalyzed intramolecular oxidative coupling of diphenylacetic acids affords fluorenones.
ChemInform Abstract: NHC—Gold(I) Catalyzed [4 + 2] Cycloaddition—Acyclic Addition of Dialkyl Substituted Propargylic Esters with 1,3‐Diphenylisobenzofuran: Synthesis of Novel Benzo[c]fluorenols and Substituted Dienes.
Authors: Kotikalapudi Ramesh , Siva Kumari A. Leela , Swamy K. C. Kumara 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA new type of cycloaddition involving propargylic esters is discovered.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of β‐Lactones from Disubstituted Ketenes and Aldehydes.
Authors: Chen Shi , Mondal Mukulesh , Ibrahim Ahmad A. , Wheeler Kraig A. , Kerrigan Nessan J. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn terms of yield, diastereoselectivity, and enantioselectivity this reaction works best for arylalkylketenes and diarylketenes with p‐substituted arylaldehydes resulting in substituted β‐lactones or β‐hydroxyacids after hydrolysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Nano CoFe2O4 Supported Antimony(III) as an Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst for One‐Pot Three‐Component Synthesis of Multisubstituted Pyrroles.
Authors: Li Bao‐Le , Hu Hai‐Chuan , Mo Li‐Ping , Zhang Zhan‐Hui 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe title catalyst is successfully applied on the multicomponent reaction of amines, nitroolefin, and 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible‐Light Photoredox‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Nitrones: Unexpected Rate Acceleration by Water in the Synthesis of Isoxazolidines.
Authors: Hou Hong , Zhu Shaoqun , Pan Fangfang , Rueping Magnus 
Published: November 2014

AbstractFor the first time, a visible‐light mediated oxidative nitrone formation / [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction is used for the synthesis of isoxazolidines.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent/Oxidant‐Switchable Synthesis of Multisubstituted Quinazolines and Benzimidazoles via Metal‐Free Selective Oxidative Annulation of Arylamidines.
Authors: Lin Jian‐Ping , Zhang Feng‐Hua , Long Ya‐Qiu 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAn unusual solvent‐ or oxidant controlled direct synthesis of either quinazolines or benzimidazoles is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Multi‐Substituted Vinylsilanes via Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Hydrosilylation Reactions of Allenes and Propiolate Derivatives with Silylboronates.
Authors: Xu Yun‐He , Wu Liu‐Hai , Wang Jun , Loh Teck‐Peng 
Published: November 2014

AbstractMulti‐substituted allenes with electron‐withdrawing groups, e.g. (I), (IV), and (VI) and propiolate derivatives (IX) react with silyl boronic acid ester (II) to afford silyl‐substituted butenoate derivatives (III), (V), and (VII)/(VIII) or β‐silyl‐substituted arylates (X), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Asymmetric Stereoablative O‐Alkylation of α‐Nitrophosphonates via O‐Azaxylylene Intermediates Generated in situ from 3‐Bromooxindoles.
Authors: Xie Xiaohua , Jing Linhai , Qin Dabin , He Wujun , Wu Song , Jin Lunqiang , Luo Gan 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe first unprecedented enantioselective O‐alkylation reaction of α‐nitrophosphate is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: The Stereochemistry of Two Monoterpenoid Diastereomers from Ferula dissecta.
Authors: Wang Zhi‐Qiang , Huang Chao , Huang Jian , Han Hong‐Ying , Li Guo‐Yu , Wang Jin‐Hui , Sun Tie‐Min 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe title compounds show significant growth inhibitory activities against cervical cancer HeLa cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioactive Norditerpenoids from Flickingeria fimbriata.
Authors: Chen Jin‐Long , Zhao Zhi‐Min , Xue Xue , Tang Gui‐Hua , Zhu Long‐Ping , Yang De‐Po , Jiang Lin 
Published: November 2014

AbstractSeven new degraded diterpenoids [e.g. (IIa), (III), (IV)], four new ent‐pimarane type diterpenoids [e.g. (I)], and a known analog are isolated from the title stem.
ChemInform Abstract: Kurahyne, an Acetylene‐Containing Lipopeptide from a Marine Cyanobacterial Assemblage of Lyngbya sp.
Authors: Iwasaki Arihiro , Ohno Osamu , Sumimoto Shinpei , Suda Shoichiro , Suenaga Kiyotake 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe title isolated compound (I) inhibits the growth of both HeLa cells and HL60 cells and induces apoptosis in HeLa cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Kurahamide, a Cyclic Depsipeptide Analogue of Dolastatin 13 from a Marine Cyanobacterial Assemblage of Lyngbya sp.
Authors: Iwasaki Arihiro , Sumimoto Shinpei , Ohno Osamu , Suda Shoichiro , Suenaga Kiyotake 
Published: November 2014

AbstractKurahamide (I) strongly inhibits elastase and chymotrypsin in vitro.