bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a Hybrid FPGA-CPU Platform for a User-Friendly Environment in Control Systems Design: A Possible Application to Nuclear Plants
Authors: Cappelli Mauro , Di Gennaro Stefano , Memmi Fabrizio , Sepielli Massimo 
Published: February 2014

In this work, in-depth considerations about FPGA-CPU architectures design methods are presented together with some possible plant applications. FPGAs are used because of their potentials in guaranteeing parallelism, synchronism and high reliability tasks; on the other hand CPUs are crucial to higher precision computations and to reproduce data and results on a graphical interface, thus resulting in an improvement in the human-machine-interface (HMI). Design choices are here reported to justify the benefits from the use of both CPU-FPGA approaches. Taking advantage of these features, the LabVIEW environment and its digital platform is expanded in order to develop a novel tool able to support designers during the fundamental phases of a supervision and control tool realization: from the model development to the digital hardware implementation and testing. LabVIEW is able to communicate with several languages like Matlab or Scilab for a theoretical model study and simulation, and VHDL for a digital implementation, taking the advantages from both development environments.
Main results have been reported concerning studies of control systems in nuclear plant facilities, showing how a full-digital platform can be very useful in developing monitoring and control instrumentation. This new tool is thought to improve the so-called hardware in the loop (HIL) simulations and to accelerate the process of prototypes implementation and testing, using a more accurate and reliable environment in terms of performance and safety.
Heat Transfer to Water at Supercritical Parameters in Vertical Tubes, Annular Channels, 3- and 7-Rod Bundles
Authors: Razumovskiy V. G. , Mayevskiy E. M. , Koloskov A. E. , Pis’mennyi E. N. , Pioro I. L. 
Published: February 2014

The data on deteriorated transfer to supercritical water in vertical tubes and channels simulating coolant flow in fuel assemblies obtained at the same experimental setup during more than dozen of years are considered and compared with some known results of the experimental studies performed by other authors. They involve the data for vast ranges of geometry, mass velocity, heat flux rate, and pressure, in some cases for up- and downward flow, for flow with and without thermoacoustic oscillations. For the first time the data illustrating deterioration of heat transfer in the bundles of fuel elements are presented. An attempt to explain the phenomena of “inlet” peak of wall temperature is made. It is shown that temperature regimes of the tubes cooled with supercritical water in a gaseous state (i.e., at bulk temperature above the pseudocritical temperature) are close to linear, stable and easily reproducible within a wide range of mass and heat fluxes.
Some requirements to the experimental setup, coolant quality, test sections etc. that should be followed in studying thermal and hydraulic parameters of supercritical coolant are analyzed.
Status of the Combined Third and Fourth NGNP Fuel Irradiations in the Advanced Test Reactor
Authors: Grover S. Blaine , Petti David A. , Davenport Michael E. 
Published: February 2014

The United States Department of Energy’s Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP) Advanced Gas Reactor (AGR) Fuel Development and Qualification Program is irradiating up to seven low enriched uranium (LEU) tri-isotopic (TRISO) particle fuel (in compact form) experiments in the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) located at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). These irradiations and fuel development are being accomplished to support development of the next generation reactors in the United States. The experiments will be irradiated over the next several years to demonstrate and qualify new TRISO coated particle fuel for use in high temperature gas reactors. The goals of the experiments are to provide irradiation performance data to support fuel process development, to qualify fuel for normal operating conditions, to support development and validation of fuel performance and fission product transport models and codes, and to provide irradiated fuel and materials for post irradiation examination (PIE) and safety testing. The experiments, which will each consist of several independent capsules, will be irradiated in an inert sweep gas atmosphere with individual on-line temperature monitoring and control of each capsule. The sweep gas will also have on-line fission product monitoring on its effluent to track performance of the fuel in each individual capsule during irradiation.
The first experiment (designated AGR-1) started irradiation in December 2006 and was completed in November 2009. The second experiment (AGR-2) started irradiation in June 2010 and is currently scheduled to be completed in September 2013. The third and fourth experiments have been combined into a single experiment designated (AGR-3/4), which started its irradiation in December 2011 and is currently scheduled to be completed in April 2014. Since the purpose of this combined experiment is to provide data on fission product migration and retention in the NGNP reactor, the design of this experiment is significantly different from the first two experiments, though the control and monitoring systems are extremely similar. The design of the experiment will be discussed followed by its progress and status to date.
Enhancement of Plant Availability by Outage Shortening in European Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (EU-ABWR)
Authors: Kamei Kazuhiro , Kataoka Kazuyoshi , Imasaki Kazuto , Saito Noboru 
Published: February 2014

European Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (EU-ABWR) is developed by Toshiba. EU-ABWR accommodates an armored reactor building against Airplane Crash, severe accident mitigation systems, the N+2 principle in safety systems, the diversity principle and a large output of 1600 MWe. These features enable EU-ABWR’s design objectives and principles to be consistent with the requirements in the Finnish utility and the safety requirements of Finnish YVL guide.
By adopting Scandinavian outage processes, the Plant Availability is aimed to be greater than 95%. ABWRs have an excellent design potential to acheive short outage duration (e.g., shortening of maintenance and inspection duration by applying Fine Motion Control Rod Drive and Reactor Internal Pump). In addition, the EU-ABWR applies following key design improvements to reduce a refueling outage duration; a) Direct Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) Head Spray System, b) Self-standing Control Rods and c) Water shielding reactor pool. In this paper, coolability of RPV due to application of the Direct RPV Head Spray System is also verified with numerical evaluations by Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis.
Study on Modifications of CPR1000 Nuclear Plants for Design Extension Conditions
Authors: Tang Hui , Gong Ai-cheng , Zhu Feng 
Published: February 2014

Traditional design of CPR1000 nuclear plants has a lot of studies on engineering safety facilities which are important for Design Basis Conditions (DBC). Based on more recent studies on safety, such as Defense in Depth (DID) concept, Probabilistic Safety Analysis (PSA), and especially after lessons from Fukushima Nuclear Accident, more and more attentions are paid to Design Extension Conditions (DEC). This paper has studied the abilities and requirements of CPR1000 Nuclear Plants for DEC accidents mitigation. Some important modifications on mechanical systems are introduced.
DEC accidents are separated into DEC-A, and DEC-B. DEC-A accidents are caused by multiple failures. A main reason for a multiple failure is Common Cause Failure (CCF), such as CCF on Emergency Feed Water System (EFWS) pumps, Emergency Core Cooling System (ECCS) pumps, Emergency Diesel Generators or Cooling chain. Diverse design should be considered to deal with CCF. Several modifications are applied, such as enhancing EFWS turbine pumps, fast-backup between ECCS and Containment Spray System (CSS), mobile water makeup and mobile injection for primary and secondary side, etc. For DEC-B, which means severe accidents, several dedicated systems are added to CPR1000 design, such as hydrogen monitor and control, containment venting filter and In-Vessel Retention systems. Thanks to all the modifications, CPR1000 can sufficiently improve its defense for DEC accidents, which will help CPR1000 to reach a new safety level.
Nuclear Data Statistical Treatment
Authors: Alrwashdeh Mohammad , Yu Jian Kai , Abdalla Aniseh , Wang Kan 
Published: February 2014

Several methods have been developed in order to evaluate the best fit for nuclear data parameters, these methods relies on sequence logical steps should be followed to get accurate and reliable results, it subdivided into: (1) the physical model have been used (2) data types (3) statistical methods (4) problems. This paper will discuss the statistical methods used to evaluate the best fit for the nuclear data.
The difficulty in finding a real and reasonable solution to the fitting of data can be made easier by choosing the right fitting method. Different methods will converge differently depending on several parameters like the correct choose of the fitting function and number of fitting parameters.
Here we will discuss the uses of two methods, first is Differential evaluation for nonlinear data to optimize a problem by iterative to improve the solution with regard to the quality.
The second one is nonlinear regression method, this method used a model function is not linear in the parameters, and to estimate the relationships among variables, by capturing the trend in the data by assigning a single function in order to minimize the sum of residuals (Or Chi square) with respect to a set of parameters a = {A1, A2,…..An}.
Ultrasonic NDE for Irradiation-Induced Material Degradations
Authors: Isobe Yoshihiro , Etoh Junji , Sagisaka Mitsuyuki , Matsunaga Takashi , Freyer Paula , Garner Frank , Okita Taira 
Published: February 2014

We have developed a prediction model of ultrasonic wave changes caused by microstructural changes in 304 stainless steel based on the theory of ultrasonic wave propagation and experimental results. The correlation between microstructure and ultrasonic waves was simulated in the model with microstructure components such as grain boundaries, voids, precipitates and dislocations taken into account. Material parameters used for the prediction model were determined from the literature, microscopic observations, and experimental results obtained from archive materials.
Calculations were performed assuming respective and integrated changes of irradiation-induced microstructures and spectrum changes of ultrasonic signals due to microstructural changes were evaluated. Calculations for archive material were also performed for validation, and the results were reasonably consistent with experimental data. It was found that by selecting appropriate indicators one can identify the nature of microstructures and quantify the microstructural changes due to irradiation.
A Correlation of Heat Transfer Non-Uniformity in Rod Bundle and its Application to Sub-Channel Code
Authors: Yang Ting , Cheng Xu , Liu Xiaojing 
Published: February 2014

A strong non-uniformity of the circumferential distribution of the wall temperature, heat flux and heat transfer coefficient around the rod surface is observed by previous CFD investigations, especially in the tight lattice. This phenomenon is important for core design of some Generation IV reactors such as supercritical water-cooled reactors (SCWR) and liquid metal fast reactors (LMFR). In this paper important dimensionless numbers that affect the non-uniformity of heat transfer are summarized and CFD calculations are carried out to study the local heat transfer behavior of central, corner and wall sub-channels respectively. An empirical correlation is proposed based on CFD data.
Using this correlation, a three-dimensional fuel model is being developed in the sub channel code MATRA to incorporate some of this effect into the thermal-hydraulic analysis of SCWR.
Design of Fluidic Diode for a High-Temperature DRACS Test Facility
Authors: Lv Qiuping , Chen Minghui , Sun Xiaodong , Christensen Richard , Blue Thomas , Yoder Graydon , Wilson Dane , Sabharwall Piyush 
Published: February 2014

The Direct Reactor Auxiliary Cooling System (DRACS) is a passive heat removal system proposed for the Advanced High-Temperature Reactor (AHTR) that combines the coated particle fuel and graphite moderator with a liquid fluoride salt as the coolant. The DRACS features three coupled natural circulation/convection loops relying completely on buoyancy as the driving force. A fluidic diode has been proposed in the DRACS primary loop to maintain the passive feature. Fluidic diodes are passive flow control devices with low flow resistance in one direction and high flow resistance in the opposite direction. The fluidic diode is orientated such that during reactor normal operation the primary salt flow in the DRACS is restricted, thus preventing excessive heat loss from the reactor to the DRACS. However, when the DRACS is functioning during reactor accidents, the primary salt flow is in the forward flow direction of the diode that features low flow resistance.
To investigate the reliability and thermal performance of the DRACS, a high-temperature DRACS test facility (HTDF) is being designed and constructed at The Ohio State University (OSU). In this HTDF, a conventional vortex diode has been proposed. In this paper, a detailed design process of the vortex diode for the HTDF is presented. Design parameters, such as the desired flow rates in and pressure drops across the fluidic diode, were first determined for both the forward and reverse flow directions, following which was the parametric CFD study of multiple vortex diodes with variant nozzle size, chamber size, and inlet flow rates. Flow structures inside the diode, and the effects of the nozzle size, chamber size, and Reynolds number on the Euler number were examined for both flow directions. Correlations of the forward and reverse Euler numbers and the diodicity were developed and used to develop a vortex diode design that would be applicable to the HTDF.
Genome Sequence of Serratia plymuthica RVH1, Isolated from a Raw Vegetable-Processing Line
Authors: Van Houdt Rob , Van der Lelie Daniel , Izquierdo Javier A. , Aertsen Abram , Masschelein Joleen , Lavigne Rob , Michiels Chris W. , Taghavi Safiyh 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

We announce the genome sequence of
Serratia plymuthica
strain RVH1, a psychroloterant strain that was isolated from a raw vegetable-processing line and that regulates the production of primary metabolites (acetoin and butanediol), antibiotics, and extracellular enzymes through quorum sensing.
Genome Sequences of Four Acinetobacter baumannii-A. calcoaceticus Complex Isolates from Combat-Related Infections Sustained in the Middle East
Authors: Ketter Patrick , Guentzel M. Neal , Chambers James P. , Jorgensen James , Murray Clinton K. , Cap Andrew P. , Yu Jieh-Juen , Eppinger Mark , Arulanandam Bernard P. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

Acinetobacter baumannii
is among the most prevalent bacterial causes of combat-related infections on the battlefield. Antibiotic resistance and a poor understanding of the protective host immune responses make treatment difficult. Here, we report the genome sequences of four clinical
Acinetobacter baumannii
-
A. calcoaceticus
complex isolates exhibiting significant differences in virulence in a mouse sepsis model.
Genome Sequences of Three Species D Adenoviruses Isolated from AIDS Patients
Authors: Alissa Alkhalaf Moustafa , Al Qurashi Yasir Mohammed A. , Guiver Malcolm , Cooper Robert J. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
HAdVD23 and two novel adenoviruses, HAdVD60a and HAdVD62, isolated from feces of AIDS patients in Manchester, United Kingdom, have been sequenced. The HAdVD60a genome lacks the penton arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif and differs from HAdVD60 by a recombinant E3 region. HAdVD62 has penton, hexon, and fiber regions not previously found in other adenoviruses.
A modified prebind engagement process reduces biomechanical loading on front row players during scrummaging: a cross-sectional study of 11 elite teams
Authors: Cazzola Dario , Preatoni Ezio , Stokes Keith A , England Michael E , Trewartha Grant 
Published: February 2014

AimBiomechanical studies of the rugby union scrum have typically been conducted using instrumented scrum machines, but a large-scale biomechanical analysis of live contested scrummaging is lacking. We investigated whether the biomechanical loading experienced by professional front row players during the engagement phase of live contested rugby scrums could be reduced using a modified engagement procedure.MethodsEleven professional teams (22 forward packs) performed repeated scrum trials for each of the three engagement techniques, outdoors, on natural turf. The engagement processes were the 2011/2012 (referee calls crouch-touch-pause-engage), 2012/2013 (referee calls crouch-touch-set) and 2013/2014 (props prebind with the opposition prior to the ‘Set’ command; PreBind) variants. Forces were estimated by pressure sensors on the shoulders of the front row players of one forward pack. Inertial Measurement Units were placed on an upper spine cervical landmark (C7) of the six front row players to record accelerations. Players’ motion was captured by multiple video cameras from three viewing perspectives and analysed in transverse and sagittal planes of motion.ResultsThe PreBind technique reduced biomechanical loading in comparison with the other engagement techniques, with engagement speed, peak forces and peak accelerations of upper spine landmarks reduced by approximately 20%. There were no significant differences between techniques in terms of body kinematics and average force during the sustained push phase.ConclusionsUsing a scrum engagement process which involves binding with the opposition prior to the engagement reduces the stresses acting on players and therefore may represent a possible improvement for players’ safety.
The Redaction History of the Sinai Pericope (Exod 19–24) and its Continuation in 4Q158
Authors: Berner Christoph 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The paper offers a redaction critical analysis of two central passages from Exod 19–24, namely the people’s reaction subsequent to the revelation of the Decalogue (Exod 20:18–21 par. Deut 5:22–31) and the covenantal ceremony in Exod 24:4–8. As a result, it can be shown that there is a continuous line of development leading from the earliest literary layers of the biblical text to the version represented by 4Q158. The elaborate text of the Qumran witness thus becomes perceptible as yet a further stage in the complex redaction history of the Sinai Pericope.
Torah for “The Age of Wickedness”: The Authority of the Damascus and Serekh Texts in Light of Biblical and Rewritten Traditions
Authors: Zahn Molly M. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Considerable attention has been paid recently to the similarities between the composition and development of biblical texts, rewritten scripture-type texts, and the major Qumran rule scrolls. This study adds a new dimension to that work by comparing the authority claims of the Damascus Document (D) and the Community Rule (S) with those made by Deuteronomy, the Temple Scroll (TS), and Jubilees. While D and S lack the pseudepigraphic self-presentation of the others, they share with them a concern to present themselves as the most authentic expression of God’s revealed will. D and S resemble Deuteronomy in particular in their use of several specific literary techniques to claim authority by means of asserting a close relationship with existing authoritative revelation.
Silence and Geoffrey Hill’s Poetics of Witness
Authors: Caldwell Caleb 
Published: February 2014

AbstractFocusing on Geoffrey Hill’s early poetry concerning atrocity and the Holocaust, this essay argues that Hill presents his poems as shared events between the poles of the impossibility and the actuality of witness, instead of as poetic speech that fully signifies witness. Through close readings of “Funeral Music” and “September Song,” this article shows that Hill’s heavy use of negative rhetorical devices, his famous ambiguities, and his thematic explorations of silence do not debunk the possibility of witness but rather awaken awareness to the complications inherent in any response to atrocity.
Beyond Metropolitanism and Nativism: Re-grounding Media Theory
Authors: Khiabany Gholam , Annabelle Sreberny 
Published: February 2014

AbstractWhile de-Westernisation is an interesting political intervention in media theory, analytically it offers little. We critique this approach through six inter-related arguments. The first point of critique challenges the putative singularity of the West. The second line of enquiry raises questions about the emergence of new academic disciplines and their intellectual offerings. Our third point is that the call to de-Westernise Media Studies is naïve, ignores history and the long patterns of global interconnectedness that have mutually formed the West/Rest. The fourth argument is that “de-Westernisation” suggests that the theory and methods of Media Studies offer nothing of use outside their original birthplaces, while the fifth argument is the conceptual danger of nativism. The sixth critique centres on the problem of essentialising culture as a determinate object. Examining the contemporary media practices of the Islamic Republic of Iran, we suggest that the true alternative to a repressive theocracy is its internal challenge by women, students and other parts of civil society that offers a critical third way beyond the binary divide.
Against Banal Inter-nationalism
Authors: Iwabuchi Koichi 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis article discusses, with an emphasis on Japanese and East Asian contexts, the ways in which the increasing pervasiveness of the inter-nationalised modes — “inter-national” with a hyphen in the sense of highlighting the nation as the unit of global cultural encounters — of production, circulation and consumption of media cultures makes exclusive national boundaries even stronger and more solid. The underlying tenet of “methodological nationalism” has been promoted and instituted by the synergism of the process of cultural glocalisation and state’s policy of national branding that endorses it. What has been engendered in this process is “banal inter-nationalism”; a container model of the nation is further instituted as the inter-nationalised circulation and encounter of media culture has become a site in which national identity is mundanely invoked, performed and experienced. Banal inter-nationalism suppresses and marginalises multicultural questions within the nation, as national boundaries are mutually re-constituted through the process in which cross-border cultural flows and encounters are promoted in a way to accentuate an inter-nationalised form of cultural diversity.