bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stora barngrupper i förskolan relaterat till läroplanens intentioner
Authors: Pramling Samuelsson Ingrid , Williams Pia , Sheridan Sonja 
Published: April 2015

Over the last decade the number of children in Swedish preschool has increased in all age groups. Meanwhile, the preschool curriculum has been revised with higher requirements for pedagogical activities. This article aims to problematize preschool teachers expressions on opportunities and obstacles to work with the intentions of the curriculum, in relation to size of the child group. The study takes an interactionistic perspective based on Urie Bronfenbrenner´s ecological system theory. The data production consists of survey responses and interviews with preschool teachers. The qualitative content analysis focuses on themes that preschool teachers express as relevant in order to meet curriculum intentions and support children’s learning and knowledge formation. The results show that the number of children in preschool groups is of crucial importance for preschool teachers selection and deselection of content areas and working approaches. With fewer children in the group, preschool teachers express that they to a greater extent, can work in relation to the intentions instantiated in the curriculum. De senaste åren har antalet barn i svensk förskola ökat i alla åldersgrupper. Samtidigt har förskolans läroplan reviderats med högre krav gällande den pedagogiska verksamheten. Denna artikel problematiserar förskollärares uttryck kring möjligheter och hinder att arbeta med läroplanens intentioner, i relation till barngruppens storlek. Studien är förankrad i Bronfenbrenners systemteori. Dataunderlaget består av enkätsvar och intervjuer med förskollärare. Den kvalitativa analysen fokuserar innehållsteman som förskollärare uttrycker har betydelse för val av målområden och arbetssätt i verksamheten i relation till gruppstorlek. Resultatet visar att antalet barn har betydelse för val och bortval av målområden och arbetssätt. Förskollärarna ser större möjligheter att arbeta utifrån läroplanens intentioner med mindre antal barn i gruppen.
En tidlig barndom med perspektiver
Authors: Palludan Charlotte 
Published: April 2015

Materiale fra et antropologisk feltarbejde på en skole i Barcelona danner grundlaget for artiklens analyser af hvordan materialitet dvs. bygninger, indretning, ting og sociale kroppe i samspil koreograferer en hverdag for små børn i en skolekontekst. Det vises hvordan skolen som materialitet ikke bare disciplinerer men også giver rum for, at de små børn kan manipulere med omgivelserne og profitere af samværet med større børn samtidig med at de etablerer et fællesskab blandt jævnaldrende. I analyserne tages afsæt i forfatterens antropologiske forbløffelse, vilje til at komparere med eksisterende viden om danske børnehaver samt en bestræbelse på at fremhæve det konkrete og specifikke. Artiklen er et bidrag til den aktuelle uddannelsespolitiske og pædagogiske diskussion om små børns nutidige og fremtidige forhold til skolen som institution.
Ska barns kunskaper testas eller deras kunnande utvecklas i förskolan?
Authors: Pramling Samuelsson Ingrid 
Published: April 2015

Title: Should children’s knowledge be tested or developed in preschool?Abstract: Thus article focuses and discuss questions about what test respectively development may mean for children in the preschool practice. The starting point is the mission of preschool and the perspective of learning stated in the curricula. What is the mission of preschool and how is this harmonised or disharmonised with tests and assessment of children’s knowledge? Obviously preschool has to be evaluated, but in what ways, and what are the questions one as a teacher have to consider in a time when more and more tests are brought into the preschool context?
Kunskapsmöjligheter i svenska fritidshem
Authors: Saar Tomas , Löfdahl Annica , Hjalmarsson Maria 
Published: April 2015

Title: Knowledge possibilities in the Swedish afterschool settings Abstract: This article discusses how the Swedish afterschool settings can be understood as a pedagogic practice. Interviews and field observations with teachers and children were analyzed from a discursive and network perspective. The teachers articulated a discourse about a professional competence to control the organization of the activities in relation to ideals and practical conditions. In practice, however, the children negotiated, challenged and developed the activities in ways that went beyond what was planned and possible to articulate, evaluate and control. The article proposes a pedagogy for the afterschool setting that is built on teachers and children’s joint descriptions of the knowledge possibilities that are ongoing produced in the activities.
Interaktionens betydelse för barns lärande - en studie av barns möte med slöjd i förskolan
Authors: Ahlskog-Björkman Eva 
Published: April 2015

Syftet med den här artikeln är att diskutera på vilket sätt interaktion och socialt samspel har betydelse för hur barn i förskolan kan engageras i en lärandeprocess. Den empiriska studien utgörs av en videofilmad episod över en vävaktivitet i förskola. Genom att använda videografisk observation kan mänsklig aktivitet beskrivas och av den anledningen används videografi som metodologisk ansats. I studien analyseras på vilket sätt interaktionen mellan de som är närvarande, oberoende av barnens ålder, kan bidra till att stimulera den lärande aktiviteten. Barnens slöjdaktivitet beaktas ur ett sociokulturellt lärandeperspektiv. Ett centralt tema inom detta perspektiv är kommunikation där språket och redskapen står för de medierande faktorerna. Barnens kontakt med redskapen och deras upplevelser och erfarande av slöjdaktiviteten diskuteras i relation till den närmaste utvecklingszonen. Ytterligare beaktas den videofilmade sekvensen ur ett socialt perspektiv där barnpedagogens agerande gentemot barnen lyfts fram och diskuteras. Analys och tolkning av datamaterialet strävar efter att synliggöra mänsklig interaktion och dess betydelse för att motivera och engagera barnen i deras slöjdaktivitet.
Preschool teachers’ reasoning about interactive whiteboard embedded in Swedish preschools
Authors: Bourbour Maryam , Björklund Camilla 
Published: April 2015

This paper aims to investigate the ways in which teachers enact the interactive whiteboard (IWB) in Swedish preschools in relation to preschool children’s mathematical learning. Data collected from interviews with four preschool teachers have provided the opportunity to consider the potential of IWB to facilitate a creative approach to young children’s mathematic education. The findings suggest that IWB use in preschool is mostly viewed as “Space for children to involve in problem-solving situations”, “Supporting collaborative learning and mutual negotiation”, “Goal-oriented mathematics learning facilitated by IWB” and “Retaining children’s interest in learning activities”. This study also highlights the importance of teachers’ technological knowledge and skills in mediating the interaction and facilitating the use of IWB in preschool pedagogical practices.
Corrected and republished 2019-08-23.
Auget som arrangement – om blikk, makt og skjønn i profesjonsutøvinga til barnehagelæraren
Authors: Ulla Bente 
Published: April 2015

Abstrakt: This article explores knowledge related to the gaze of the kindergarten teachers. By considering performances of the eyes as aspects of professionalism, the article discusses how different arrangements of the gaze are generated in complex conditions of judgment and power. Just as the eyeballs lies deeply tied into the corpus, both the gaze and the knowledge of the kindergarten teachers are deeply tied together in a comprehensive body of knowledge. This article draws upon interviews of kindergarten teachers related to mapping of children’s skills in a Norwegian context. However, the statements in the study bring in a larger web of judgements in kindergarten. Foucault's theories are chosen as step stones for the discussion.Samandrag: Denne artikkelen handlar om kunnskapskonstruksjonar knytte til barnehagelæraren sitt blikk, og tek føre seg korleis barnehagelæraren bruker blikket i utøvinga av profesjonen sin. Ulike ordningar av blikk kan få grobotn i samansette konstruksjonar av skjønn og makt. Slik augeepla ligg djupt kopla saman med resten av kroppen, er også blikket og kunnskapen til barnehagelæraren djupt kopla saman i ein omfattande kunnskapskropp. Artikkelen tek utgangspunkt i gruppeintervju med barnehagelærarar om kartlegging av barn i ein norsk barnehagekontekst, men utsegnene frå intervjua bringar òg inn ein større vev av vurderingsarbeid i barnehagen. Teoriane til Foucault er nytta som reiskap i drøftinga.
Vilken kunskap erkänns i det systematiska kvalitetsarbetet? Om oförenliga tankestilar i dagens förskola i dagens förskola
Authors: Insulander Eva , Svärdemo Åberg Eva 
Published: April 2015

English abstract: This study is to be seen in relation to the intensified ‘assessment culture’ that has evolved in today's educational system. The purpose is to discuss how the dualistic mission of the curriculum is being handled in preschools systematic quality work, by studying the representation and recognition of ideational and interpersonal knowledge. The study is based on video-observations of preschool teachers’ planning, work and follow up of three educational activities in two different preschools. The theoretical basis consist of a multimodal and design theoretical perspective used in combination with Ludwik Flecks work on thought styles and thought collectives. The analyse shows that the curriculum objectives are handled in contradictory ways. This is visible in interaction patterns that exhibit traces from incompatible thought styles.Samandrag: Denna studie skall ses i relation till den intensifierade ”bedömningskultur” som har utvecklats inom dagens utbildningssystem. Syftet är att diskutera hur det dualistiska uppdraget i läroplanen hanteras i förskolors systematiska kvalitetsarbete, genom att studera vilken innehållslig och relationell kunskap som kommer till uttryck och erkänns. Studien bygger på videoobservationer av förskollärares planering, arbete och uppföljning inom tre arbetsprocesser i två olika förskolor. Det teoretiska ramverket består av ett multimodalt och designteoretiskt perspektiv och används i kombination med Ludwik Flecks arbete om tankestilar och tankekollektiv. Analysen visar att läroplanens mål hanteras på motstridiga sätt och det kommer till uttryck i interaktionsmönster, som uppvisar spår från oförenliga tankestilar.
”Ah, oh, nejjjj!” om eksperimentelle processer i æstetisk pædagogisk praksis
Authors: Blume Michael 
Published: April 2015

On the basis of a 2-year action research project, this article focuses on experimental and explorative processes in esthetic teaching practices in nursery schools. A history of science and learning perspective on experimenting and exploration in science and art is used to clarify the characteristic properties of both concepts. Together with a phenomenologically inspired understanding of perception, a theoretical conceptual framework is formed to analyse esthetic experimental practice. Thus, both childrens’ perceptual cognitive potentials in experimental processes and the teacher’s role in staging experimental environments and their significance for esthetic and creative development. environments are clarified. The purpose of this is to contribute to an understanding of experimental. På baggrund af et 2-årigt aktionsforskningsprojekt sætter artiklen fokus på eksperimentelle og eksplorative processer i æstetisk pædagogisk praksis i børnehaven. Et idéhistorisk perspektiv på eksperiment og eksploration i videnskab og kunst bruges til at belyse karakteristiske egenskaber af begge begreber. Sammen med en fænomenologisk inspireret forståelse for perception dannes dermed en teoretisk begrebsramme til analyser af æstetisk eksperimentel praksis. Ligeledes belyses børns perceptuelle erkendelsesmuligheder ved eksperimentelle processer og pædagogens rolle ved iscenesættelsen af eksperimenterende miljøer. Formålet er at bidrage til en forståelse for eksperimenterende miljøer og deres betydning for børns æstetisk dannelse og kreativitetsudvikling.
Technique for diagnosing the flapping motion of magnetotail current sheets based on single‐point magnetic field analysis
Authors: Rong Z. J. , Barabash S. , Stenberg G. , Futaana Y. , Zhang T. L. , Wan W. X. , Wei Y. , Wang X.‐D. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe magnetotail current sheet is active and often flaps back and forth. Knowledge about the flapping motion of current sheet is essential to explore the related magnetotail dynamic processes, e.g., plasma instabilities. Due to the inability of single‐point measurements to separate the spatial‐temporal variation of magnetic field, the moving velocity of flapping current sheets cannot be revealed generally until the multipoint measurements are available, e.g., the Cluster mission. Therefore, currently, the flapping behaviors are hard to be resolved only relying on single‐point magnetic field analysis. In this study, with minimum variance analysis, we develop a technique based on single‐point magnetic field measurement to qualitatively diagnose the flapping properties including the flapping type and the traveling direction of kink‐like flapping. The comparison with Cluster multipoint analysis via several case studies demonstrates that this technique is applicable; it should, however, be used with caution especially when the local sheet surface is either quasi‐horizontal, or quasi‐vertical. This technique will be useful for the planetary magnetotail exploration where no multipoint observations are available.
Regional‐scale advective, diffusive, and eruptive dynamics of CO2 and brine leakage through faults and wellbores
Authors: Jung Na‐Hyun , Han Weon Shik , Han Kyungdoe , Park Eungyu 
Published: April 2015

AbstractRegional‐scale advective, diffusive, and eruptive transport dynamics of CO2 and brine within a natural analogue in the northern Paradox Basin, Utah, were explored by integrating numerical simulations with soil CO2 flux measurements. Deeply sourced CO2 migrates through steeply dipping fault zones to the shallow aquifers predominantly as an aqueous phase. Dense CO2‐rich brine mixes with regional groundwater, enhancing CO2 dissolution. Linear stability analysis reveals that CO2 could be dissolved completely within only ~500 years. Assigning lower permeability to the fault zones induces fault‐parallel movement, feeds up‐gradient aquifers with more CO2, and impedes down‐gradient fluid flow, developing anticlinal CO2 traps at shallow depths (<300 m). The regional fault permeability that best reproduces field spatial CO2 flux variation is estimated 1 × 10−17 ≤ kh < 1 × 10−16 m2 and 5 × 10−16 ≤ kv < 1 × 10−15 m2. The anticlinal trap serves as an essential fluid source for eruption at Crystal Geyser. Geyser‐like discharge sensitively responds to varying well permeability, radius, and CO2 recharge rate. The cyclic behavior of wellbore CO2 leakage decreases with time.
In situ validation of sea surface temperatures from the GCOM‐W1 AMSR2 RSS calibrated brightness temperatures
Authors: Gentemann Chelle L. , Hilburn Kyle A. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractRemote Sensing Systems AMSR2 v7.2 data from 25 July 2012 to 9 October 2014 are collocated with in situ sea surface temperature (SST) data. The RSS SST algorithm uses AMSR2 brightness temperatures calibrated using a methodology developed at RSS rather than using the standard JAXA AMSR2 product, which includes the JAXA calibration. The new RFI exclusion methodology used for the AMSR2 v7.2 data is described. Buoy data are quality controlled using an internal quality indicator. Daytime collocations with wind speeds of less than 6 m s−1 are excluded to avoid diurnal contamination of the results. A mean bias (AMSR2 minus in situ) of −0.04 K and standard deviation 0.55 K with 109,350 collocations is found. The geographical distribution of biases is investigated, with a small increase in biases found at higher latitudes. At lower SST the uncertainty increases and the bias. The dependencies of the bias and uncertainties on other geophysical variables are shown to be negligible. The time series of the bias and uncertainty show little variability, but a small seasonal dependence is determined to be related to a seasonal shift in wind speeds. Overall, the AMSR2 SSTs are of comparable quality to the AMSR‐E SSTs and continue the climate microwave SST record that started in 1997.
Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden‐Julian oscillation: Exploring key model physics in climate simulations
Authors: Jiang Xianan , Waliser Duane E. , Xavier Prince K. , Petch Jon , Klingaman Nicholas P. , Woolnough Steven J. , Guan Bin , Bellon Gilles , Crueger Traute , DeMott Charlotte , Hannay Cecile , Lin Hai , Hu Wenting , Kim Daehyun , Lappen Cara‐Lyn , Lu Mong‐Ming , Ma Hsi‐Yen , Miyakawa Tomoki , Ridout James A. , Schubert Siegfried D. , Scinocca John , Seo Kyong‐Hwan , Shindo Eiki , Song Xiaoliang , Stan Cristiana , Tseng Wan‐Ling , Wang Wanqiu , Wu Tongwen , Wu Xiaoqing , Wyser Klaus , Zhang Guang J. , Zhu Hongyan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAimed at reducing deficiencies in representing the Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO) in general circulation models (GCMs), a global model evaluation project on vertical structure and physical processes of the MJO was coordinated. In this paper, results from the climate simulation component of this project are reported. It is shown that the MJO remains a great challenge in these latest generation GCMs. The systematic eastward propagation of the MJO is only well simulated in about one fourth of the total participating models. The observed vertical westward tilt with altitude of the MJO is well simulated in good MJO models but not in the poor ones. Damped Kelvin wave responses to the east of convection in the lower troposphere could be responsible for the missing MJO preconditioning process in these poor MJO models. Several process‐oriented diagnostics were conducted to discriminate key processes for realistic MJO simulations. While large‐scale rainfall partition and low‐level mean zonal winds over the Indo‐Pacific in a model are not found to be closely associated with its MJO skill, two metrics, including the low‐level relative humidity difference between high‐ and low‐rain events and seasonal mean gross moist stability, exhibit statistically significant correlations with the MJO performance. It is further indicated that increased cloud‐radiative feedback tends to be associated with reduced amplitude of intraseasonal variability, which is incompatible with the radiative instability theory previously proposed for the MJO. Results in this study confirm that inclusion of air‐sea interaction can lead to significant improvement in simulating the MJO.
Parameterizations for narrowband and broadband albedo of pure snow and snow containing mineral dust and black carbon
Authors: Dang Cheng , Brandt Richard E. , Warren Stephen G. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe reduction of snow spectral albedo by black carbon (BC) and mineral dust, both alone and in combination, is computed using radiative transfer modeling. Broadband albedo is shown for mass fractions covering the full range from pure snow to pure BC and pure dust, and for snow grain radii from 5 µm to 2500 µm, to cover the range of possible grain sizes on planetary surfaces. Parameterizations are developed for opaque homogeneous snowpacks for three broad bands used in general circulation models and several narrower bands. They are functions of snow grain radius and the mass fraction of BC and/or dust and are valid up to BC content of 10 ppm, needed for highly polluted snow. A change of solar zenith angle can be mimicked by changing grain radius. A given mass fraction of BC causes greater albedo reduction in coarse‐grained snow; BC and grain radius can be combined into a single variable to compute the reduction of albedo relative to pure snow. The albedo reduction by BC is less if the snow contains dust, a common situation on mountain glaciers and in agricultural and grazing lands. Measured absorption spectra of mineral dust are critically reviewed as a basis for specifying dust properties for modeling. The effect of dust on snow albedo at visible wavelengths can be represented by an “equivalent BC” amount, scaled down by a factor of about 200. Dust has little effect on the near‐IR albedo because the near‐IR albedo of pure dust is similar to that of pure snow.
Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation: Biases and uncertainties at short range
Authors: Xavier Prince K. , Petch Jon C. , Klingaman Nicholas P. , Woolnough Steve J. , Jiang Xianan , Waliser Duane E. , Caian Mihaela , Cole Jason , Hagos Samson M. , Hannay Cecile , Kim Daehyun , Miyakawa Tomoki , Pritchard Michael S. , Roehrig Romain , Shindo Eiki , Vitart Frederic , Wang Hailan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAn analysis of diabatic heating and moistening processes from 12 to 36 h lead time forecasts from 12 Global Circulation Models are presented as part of the “Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO)” project. A lead time of 12–36 h is chosen to constrain the large‐scale dynamics and thermodynamics to be close to observations while avoiding being too close to the initial spin‐up of the models as they adjust to being driven from the Years of Tropical Convection (YOTC) analysis. A comparison of the vertical velocity and rainfall with the observations and YOTC analysis suggests that the phases of convection associated with the MJO are constrained in most models at this lead time although the rainfall in the suppressed phase is typically overestimated. Although the large‐scale dynamics is reasonably constrained, moistening and heating profiles have large intermodel spread. In particular, there are large spreads in convective heating and moistening at midlevels during the transition to active convection. Radiative heating and cloud parameters have the largest relative spread across models at upper levels during the active phase. A detailed analysis of time step behavior shows that some models show strong intermittency in rainfall and differences in the precipitation and dynamics relationship between models. The wealth of model outputs archived during this project is a very valuable resource for model developers beyond the study of the MJO. In addition, the findings of this study can inform the design of process model experiments, and inform the priorities for field experiments and future observing systems.
An algorithm for integrating satellite precipitation estimates with in situ precipitation data on a pentad time scale
Authors: Wang Xiaolan L. , Lin Achan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis study proposes an algorithm for constructing pentad precipitation fields by integrating the popularly used Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) daily precipitation data set, GPCP1dd v1.2, with Canadian in situ daily precipitation data. This algorithm consists of two major steps. First, the GPCP data were adjusted to remove biases relative to the gauge data, with consideration of the differences between snowfall and rainfall, and of the gauge density. Then, a blended pentad precipitation field was constructed using the adjusted GPCP precipitation field and the differences between the gauge and adjusted GPCP precipitation fields (residual kriging). The skill of the algorithm is evaluated for three networks of sparse to medium gauge density, with the evaluation data set being much larger than the training data set. The results show that the algorithm produces better representation of pentad precipitation fields than the GPCP precipitation estimates or using the gauge data alone; it has smaller root‐mean‐square errors and higher correlation skill scores. This algorithm was used to produce the first blended pentad precipitation data set for the period of 1997–2007 for Canada (CanBP5dV1). It can be used for other regions around the world.