bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does a service provide safe, effective rehabilitation? An evaluation method for providers and purchasers
Authors: Wade Derick T 
Published: July 2024

Background Independent organisations monitor the safety and governance of clinical services but do not assess specialist expertise. Peer review can assess service capability but is resource-intense and infeasible. The problem How can you ensure a service provides safe, effective rehabilitation? You ask them to provide data as evidence that they can be trusted to do so. This article suggests a structured approach to providing data on entrustability. An analogy How is the specialist skill of a doctor in training established? They provide evidence about high-level outcomes (capabilities in practice) related to their speciality. An educational supervisor assesses whether they can be trusted to perform safely and effectively without supervision. The capabilities in practice define their expertise. The solution A service can use seven high-level rehabilitation service capabilities, based on the clinical capabilities associated with medical training, with observable indicative descriptors, to collect evidence of their rehabilitation approach. A service must also select four to eight high-level competencies indicating they can rehabilitate their patient caseload safely and effectively. These competencies also need indicative descriptors as evidence of their performance in the service; 11 examples are given. Capabilities. The seven rehabilitation capabilities are: using the biopsychosocial model, having a multi-professional team, making a person-centred rehabilitation plan, working collaboratively across all boundaries, tailoring treatments to the patient's needs, ensuring staff have specific competencies required for their caseload, and acknowledging and managing uncertainty and complexity. Conclusion. Service providers could use this structured approach to develop and provide users with evidence of their rehabilitation expertise.
Preliminary differentiation of benign and malignant gastric wall thickening using dual-layer spectral-detector CT
Authors: Li Hongjian , Zhu Qianni , Liu Linjiang , Zou Haijun , Gu Dayong , Wu Cheng , Li Weihua 
Published: July 2024

Background Dual-layer spectral-detector computed tomography (DLCT) may have the potential to evaluate gastric wall thickening. Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of DLCT quantitative parameters in differentiating between benign and malignant thickening of the gastric wall. Material and Methods A total of 58 patients with “gastric wall thickening” who underwent multi-phase abdominal enhanced DLCT scans were included in this study. Of these patients, 33 were malignant and 25 were benign. Parameters such as iodine concentration (IC), effective atomic number (Zeff), and attenuation of the lesions were measured during the arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP). Binary logistic regression was employed to calculate the combined prediction probabilities. The accuracy of the DLCT parameters was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results The values of IC, nIC, Zeff, normalized Zeff, and attenuation in the AP and VP were significantly higher (all P < 0.05) in the malignant group compared to the benign group. The ROC curves revealed that the IC, Zeff, and attenuation in the VP exhibited high diagnostic performance, with area under the ROC curve (AUC) values of 0.864, 0.862, and 0.840, respectively. The new combination of these three factors and gastric wall thickness had an AUC of 0.884, and the sensitivity and specificity were determined to be 81.8% and 92.0%, respectively. Conclusion Spectral CT parameters, particularly the combination of gastric wall thickness, attenuation, IC, and Zeff in VP, have value in distinguishing between benign and malignant gastric wall thickening.
Integrative genomic analysis reveals cancer-associated mutations in patients with ophthalmic tumors
Authors: Zhu Fengjiao , Wang Pengpeng , Zhang Zhiyuan , Yao Chunlei , Wang Yijie , Ye Juan , Wu Jian 
Published: July 2024

Objective Apart from the role of the retinoblastoma gene, the genomic events associated with poor outcomes in patients with ophthalmic tumors are poorly understood. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 48 patients with six types of ophthalmic tumors. We searched for high-frequency mutated genes and susceptibility genes in these patients using combined exome and transcriptome analysis. Results We identified four clearly causative genes ( TP53, PTCH1, SMO, BAP1). Susceptibility gene analysis identified hotspot genes, including RUNX1, APC, IDH2, and BRCA2, and high-frequency gene analysis identified several genes, including TP53, TTN, and MUC16. Transcriptome analysis identified 5868 differentially expressed genes, of which TOP2A and ZWINT were upregulated in all samples, while CFD, ELANE, HBA1, and HBB were downregulated. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis indicated that the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt and Transcriptional misregulation in cancer signaling pathways may be involved in ophthalmic tumorigenesis. Conclusions TP53 is clearly involved in ophthalmic tumorigenesis, especially in basal cell carcinoma, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway may be an essential pathway involved in ophthalmic tumorigenesis. RUNX1, SMO, TOP2A, and ZWINT are also highly likely to be involved in ophthalmic tumorigenesis, but further functional experiments are needed to verify the mechanisms of these genes in regulating tumorigenesis.
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and serum procalcitonin level as a predictor of spontaneous ureteral stone passage: A prospective study
Authors: Faujdar Gaurav , Jaiswal Sanjeev , Singh Satyaveer , Singh Rahul , Sevach Prashant , Negi Saurabh , Priyadarshi Shivam 
Published: July 2024

Background: Ureteric stone is responsible for around 20% of urinary tract stones and among them 70% of these are located in distal portion of the ureter. Stone causing ureter obstruction produce inflammatory changes in ureteric wall and prevent spontaneous passage of stone. The objective of the study is to compare the predictive role of procalcitonin and Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for spontaneous passage of stone. Materials and methodology: Total 150 participants having ureteric stone of 4–8 mm, were included in prospective observational study. The patients were followed up for 4 weeks. Spontaneous Stone Passage (SSP) was confirmed with either the patient collecting the stone during urination or by Non-Contrast CT performed at 4 weeks. Blood samples of the patients were analysed and White blood cells, sedimentation, Neutrophile to Lymphocyte (NLR), procalcitonin level compared to analyse predictors of future SSP. Result: The procalcitonin levels of the Spontaneous stone passing SSP (−ve) group (209.05 ± 78.45 pg/ml) were significantly higher than the not passing the SSP (+ve) group (130.76 ± 24.18) ( p < 0.001). NLR is significantly higher in the SSP −ve (3.84 ± 0.41) than the SSP +ve (2.18 ± 0.38) group ( p < 0.001). In single and multivariate analysis, significant activity was found for procalcitonin in SP +ve group. Conclusion: The findings of the study suggests that high level of procalcitonin, and high NLR have a negative effect on passage of stone. So early intervention can be planned to these patients to prevent complications.
Centrality and Historicity of Work in Marx’s Thought: Some Reflections from a Post-Marxian Point of View
Authors: Sobel Richard 
Published: July 2024

The article explains the three dimensions of Marx’s philosophy of work: work as production, work as subjectivation, and work as integration. From this, the article defends the following thesis: while Marx allows us to shed much light on exploitation (social pathology of work as production) and alienation (social pathology of work as subjectivation), in particular in capitalism, nonetheless, he lacks an understanding of the ins and outs of emancipation as it is effectively deployed in our wage societies, far from the radicalism of his communist utopia. JEL Classification: B14, B40, B52
Strategies for Achieving Better Cognitive Health in Individuals with Schizophrenia Spectrum: A Focus on the Canadian Landscape: Stratégies pour atteindre une meilleure santé cognitive chez les personnes souffrant du spectre de la schizophrénie : un regard sur le paysage canadien
Authors: Lepage Martin , Guimond Synthia , Raedler Thomas , McNeely Heather E. , Ungar Thomas , Margolese Howard C. , Best Michael 
Published: July 2024

Background Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) are a group of psychiatric disorders characterized by positive and negative symptoms as well as cognitive impairment that can significantly affect daily functioning. Method We reviewed evidence-based strategies for improving cognitive function in patients with SSDs, focusing on the Canadian landscape. Results Although antipsychotic medications can address the positive symptoms of SSDs, cognitive symptoms often persist, causing functional impairment and reduced quality of life. Moreover, cognitive function in patients with SSDs is infrequently assessed in clinical practice, and evidence-based recommendations for addressing cognitive impairment in people living with schizophrenia are limited. While cognitive remediation (CR) can improve several domains of cognitive function, most individuals with SSDs are currently not offered such an intervention. While the development of implementation strategies for CR is underway, available and emerging pharmacological treatments may help overcome the limited capacity for psychosocial approaches. Furthermore, combining pharmacological with non-pharmacological interventions may improve outcomes compared to pharmacotherapy or CR alone. Conclusion This review highlights the challenges and discusses the potential solutions related to the assessment and management of cognitive impairment to help mental health-care practitioners better manage cognitive impairment and improve daily functioning in individuals with SSDs. Plain Language Summary Title Improving Thinking Skills in People With Schizophrenia: A Focus on Canada
Development of carboxymethyl cellulose/gelatin hydrogel loaded with Omega-3 for skin regeneration
Authors: Zamani Sepehr , Rezaei kolarijani Nariman , Naeiji Mahdi , Vaez Ahmad , Maghsoodifar Hasan , Sadeghi douki Seyed Amir hossein , Salehi Majid 
Published: July 2024

Hydrogels have several characteristics, including biocompatibility, physical similarity with the skin’s extracellular matrix, and regeneration capacity. Cell migration and proliferation are facilitated by natural polymers such as gelatin (Gel) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Gelatin dressing acts as a structural framework for cell migration into the wound area, stimulating cell division and promoting granulation tissue formation. Omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil may prevent wound infection and improve the healing of wounds in the early stages. We studied the preparation of wound dressing containing Omega-3 and its ability to heal wounds. In this study, CMC-Gel hydrogels containing different concentrations of Omega-3 were investigated in full-thickness wounds. After the fabrication of the hydrogels by using surfactant (tween 20) and microemulsion method (oil in water), various tests such as SEM, Water uptake evaluation, weight loss, cell viability, blood compatibility, and in vivo study in rat cutaneous modeling during 14 days were performed to evaluate the properties of the fabricated hydrogels. The analysis of the hydrogels revealed that they possess porous structures with interconnected pores, with an average size of 83.23 ± 6.43 μm. The hydrogels exhibited a swelling capacity of up to 60% of their initial weight within 24 h, as indicated by the weight loss and swelling measurements. Cell viability study with the MTT technique showed that no cytotoxicity was observed at the recommended dosage, however, increasing the amount of omega-3 caused hemolysis, cell death, and inhibition of coagulation activity. An in vivo study in adult male rats with a full-thickness model showed greater than 91% improvement of the primary wound region after 2 weeks of treatment. Histological analysis demonstrated Omega-3 in hydrogels, which is a promising approach for topical skin treatment to prevent scar, and has shown efficacy as wound dressing by improving the repair process at the defect site.
Design of novel silicon-containing alkynyl diamines and their related thermosetting polyimide resins
Authors: Liu Yumeng , Liu Xiwei , Xia Jiyu , Wang Yitian , Hu Jianke , Hu Yanhong 
Published: July 2024

In order to improve the PI resin’s processability and thermal properties, a novel diamine monomer bis(p-aminophenylethynyl)dimethylsilane was designed and synthesized by introducing silicon and alkyne groups in this paper. And a new thermosetting polyimide resin SiOPI with silicon and alkynyl structures in the main chain was prepared using 4,4′-oxobis (phthalic anhydride) (ODPA) as the dianhydride monomer with this diamine monomer. The structures of the diamine monomer and the polyimide were characterized by H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), mass spectrometry (MS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The incorporation of silyl groups into the PI increases the flexibility of the resin and provides good solubility and processability. The SiOPI is well soluble in DMF, DMSO and THF. The resin has a viscosity of less than 200 Pa·s at 50–88°C and has a wide processability range. By virtue of the introduction of alkyne groups, the cured polyimide forms dense reticulated structures, analogous to the benzene ring, giving the resin excellent heat resistance and mechanical property. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of SiOPI reached 367°C, and the heat loss temperature at 5% (Td5) is 540.9°C, the heat loss temperature at 10% (Td10) is 592.2°C, and the residual carbon rate at 800°C (R800°C) is 65.76% in a nitrogen atmosphere. The tensile strength of c-SiOPI is 257.6 MPa at room temperature and 232.9 MPa with a retention rate of 90.41% at 300°C, respectively.
Chatbots and Their Applications in Medical Fields: Current Status and Future Trends: A Scoping Review
Authors: Viswanathan Vibhu Krishnan , Jain Vijay Kumar , Vaish Abhishek , Jeyaraman Madhan , Iyengar Karthikeyan P , Vaishya Raju 
Published: July 2024

Background and Aim: Chatbots are computer programs, which are devised to simulate conversations through voice or textual interactive forms. These applications offer multiple benefits in patient education, clinical decision-making, interpersonal communication, research activities, data analysis and administrative affairs. The present scoping review aims to analyse the current role, pitfalls, challenges and future scope of these modalities in diverse fields of medical science. Methods: Literature search was made on 9 April 2024, on five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and Google Scholar). A narrative approach was used for the synthesis of results. Results: Our literature search yielded 1024 studies. After the de-duplication of manuscripts using Endnote, 342 articles were identified. After title and abstract screening, 74 articles were included for the next round of screening. Finally, 14 articles were selected for this scoping review.Diverse chatbot applications have been developed at a growing rate for use in medical science. There is a gradual shift towards employing machine learning-based strategies to develop chatbot programs. Chatbots have a significant potential to revolutionise diverse aspects of medicine including patient care, academic activities, and research endeavours. Conclusion: Artificial Intelligence can be highly effective in streamlining the routine functions and activities in medical care. Chatbots have the potential to meliorate the accessibility, efficiency and standard of medical care. However, the need for further validation through high-quality studies to ensure patient privacy, strategies to conform to patients’ data security, accuracy and precision of the technology and mitigating potential pitfalls in its routine utilisation globally are warranted.
Human Resource Development (HRD) Meets Human Resource Management (HRM): A Skills Based Agenda for a FRAGILE World Order
Authors: Harney Brian , Gubbins Claire 
Published: July 2024

Problem HRD and HRM can sometimes operate in silos or at cross-purposes. The increasingly FRAGILE world order confronting business (i.e., Fragmenting boundaries; Resurgent populism; Accelerated digitalisation; Growing inequality; Inverted populations; Loss of Trust; and the Ecological crisis) mandates greater collaborative engagement across HRD and HRM. Solution Following a detailed review of the skills-based implications of the FRAGILE world order, the article unpacks the nascent skills-based agenda, detailing the transition from traditional job to task-based understanding, and outlining some examples of what it can look like in practice. Ultimately, to effectively navigate the FRAGILE world order organizations must have a clear understanding of both their current skill demands and deficiencies, and equally skills required of the future. Stakeholders This conceptual article will be of interest to HRD and HRM professionals, but equally hold broader insights for organizations and policy makers engaged in navigating the FRAGILE world order through a skills-based agenda.
Proton Beam Range and Charge Verification Using Multilayer Faraday Collector
Authors: Yeap Ping L , Lew Kah S , Koh Wei Y C , Chua Clifford G A , Wibawa Andrew , Master Zubin , Lee James C L , Park Sung Y , Tan Hong Q 
Published: July 2024

Purpose A daily quality assurance (QA) check in proton therapy is ensuring that the range of each proton beam energy in water is accurate to 1 mm. This is important for ensuring that the tumor is adequately irradiated while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue. It is also important to verify the total charge collected against the beam model. This work proposes a time-efficient method for verifying the range and total charge of proton beams at different energies using a multilayer Faraday collector (MLFC). Methods We used an MLFC-128-250 MeV comprising 128 layers of thin copper foils separated by thin insulating KaptonTM layers. Protons passing through the collector induce a charge on the metallic foils, which is integrated and measured by a multichannel electrometer. The charge deposition on the foils provides information about the beam range. Results Our results show that the proton beam range obtained using MLFC correlates closely with the range obtained from commissioning water tank measurements for all proton energies. Upon applying a range calibration factor, the maximum deviation is 0.4 g/cm2. The MLFC range showed no dependence on the number of monitor units and the source-to-surface distance. Range measurements collected over multiple weeks exhibited stability. The total charge collected agrees closely with the theoretical charge from the treatment planning system beam model for low- and mid-range energies. Conclusions We have calibrated and commissioned the use of the MLFC to easily verify range and total charge of proton beams. This tool will improve the workflow efficiency of the proton QA.
Medium vessel occlusion thrombectomy: Single center experience using the 3 MAX catheter
Authors: Ali Aizaz , Rao Rahul , Sharkey Brandon , Gega Alisa , Oliver Marion , Chen Tahao , Burgess Richard , Jumaa Mouhammad , Zaidi Syed 
Published: July 2024

Introduction Thrombectomy for medium vessel occlusion is a topic of great interest. We describe a single-center experience with the Penumbra 3-MAX aspiration catheter in stroke thrombectomy of medium vessel occlusion(MeVO). We investigated the use of 3-MAX as a de-novo first pass catheter and as a rescue aspiration device following attempted thrombectomy with other devices. This is the first description of the first pass effect and successful recanalization rate of the 3-MAX catheter in de-novo vs. rescue use of this catheter. Methods From January 2017 to January 2023, 84 patients underwent mechanical thrombectomy with use of a Penumbra 3MAX aspiration catheter at our comprehensive stroke center. Patient charts were retrospectively reviewed. Primary efficacy outcome was successful recanalization following mechanical thrombectomy. Primary safety outcome was intracerebral hemorrhage. Results A total of 84 patients underwent MT with the 3MAX device. It was used as a de novo catheter in 27(32.1%) and as a rescue catheter in 57(67.9%) patients. 35(41.6%) patients achieved angiographic TICI grade ≥ 2c. De novo 3MAX use led to 68.18% successful recanalization and rescue use led to 72.22% recanalization (p = 0.67) as measured by TICI score of 2c or better. Parenchymal intracerebral hemorrhages (PH) were present in 8 patients (9.5%). Conclusion The Penumbra 3MAX catheter is safe and effective when used as a first pass or a rescue device in mechanical thrombectomy. We found similar rates of successful recanalization and minimal hemorrhagic risk when comparing the 3MAX as a rescue or de novo aspiration catheter.
Pipeline Vantage Embolization Device for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Goertz Lukas , Hohenstatt Sophia , Zopfs David , Kottlors Jonathan , Pennig Lenhard , Schlamann Marc , Michael Arwed Elias , Liebig Thomas , A. Möhlenbruch Markus , Kabbasch Christoph 
Published: July 2024

Objective The Pipeline Vantage Embolization Device (PVED) is a novel coated flow diverter with reduced wire diameters to improve neoendothelialization and stent porosity. This systematic review evaluates the safety and efficacy of the PVED based on the current literature. Methods Following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a thorough literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane. The random effects model was used to calculate estimates with major neurological complications within 30 days of treatment as the primary safety endpoint and ≤1-year complete occlusion rate as the primary efficacy endpoint. Results Six single-arm studies (5 retrospective, 1 prospective) with 392 patients and 439 aneurysms (6.8% ruptured) were included. Antiplatelet regimens varied, but dual antiplatelet therapy was administered in the majority. The pooled technical success rate was 99.0% (95%CI, 98.0%–100%) with an average of 1.2 devices implanted per procedure. Balloon angioplasty was performed in 17.0% (95%CI, 6.4–27.6%) and adjunctive coiling in 28.0% (95%CI, 17.8–38.2%), with significant heterogeneity for both variables. Pooled estimates for major neurological complications were 3.5% (95%CI, 1.7%–5.2%) with total ischemic events in 4.1% (95% CI, 1.6%–6.6%) and hemorrhagic events in 1.0% (95% CI, 0.0%–1.9%). The rate of complete angiographic occlusion was 75.7% (95%CI, 70.7%–80.6%) at a mean follow-up of 7 months, with in-stent stenoses in 8.1% (95%CI, 4.5%–11.8%). Conclusions The safety and efficacy profile of the PVED appears comparable to competing devices, with potentially fewer complications than first-generation flow diverters. Long-term and comparative studies are needed to further confirm these results.