bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the Connection Between Basic and Applied Research in Eating Disorders: Steps Toward More Effective Translation
Authors: Hildebrandt Britny A. , Goldschmidt Andrea B. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTTranslational research applies laboratory‐generated scientific discoveries to real‐world practice with the goal of potentiating more rapid solutions to health challenges. In 2023, the authors of this editorial (Hildebrandt and Goldschmidt) aimed to develop a special issue for the International Journal of Eating Disorders (IJED) focusing on translational eating disorder research. The goal for this issue was to begin closing the gap between basic and applied research by soliciting articles that improve our understanding of mechanisms that cause or maintain eating disorders, which could result in more robust research advances and dissemination of information to the public. Further goals for the issue included exposing IJED's readership to a wide range of translational research and inspiring new collaborative efforts. While strong submissions were received, challenges were encountered in soliciting enough articles, potentially reflecting long‐standing communication barriers between basic and clinical scientists within the eating disorders field. In this editorial, we highlight work included in the special section, identify potential barriers in translational eating disorder research, and offer a multipronged approach to support more rapid progress across the translational spectrum. By improving how our field approaches translational research, we can promote better outcomes for those with or at risk for eating disorders.
Regulating the Crystal Facet Differences of In2O3 via Different Precipitants to Affect Methanol Selectivity
Authors: Li Pingping , Guan Linjie , Zhang Qicheng , Zou Lian , Ding Maofeng , Zhang Long , Xu Danyun , Zhu Yuanzhi , Xie Delong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnder the background of “carbon peak and carbon neutrality”, the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO2) to methanol (CH3OH) represents a crucial pathway for promoting green and sustainable development. In2O3 has gained attention as a promising material for CH3OH production from CO2 due to its controllable properties including morphologies, particle sizes and oxygen vacancies, along with its excellent selectivity in CO2 hydrogenation reactions. Herein, by employing various precursors, three distinct indium trioxide (In2O3) catalysts with varied morphologies and predominantly exposed crystal facets were synthesized. It is found that the In2O3 catalyst prepared using ammonia monohydrate (NH3⋅H2O) as a precipitator exhibits a primarily exposed (211) crystal facet. This catalyst demonstrates a CO2 conversion rate of 4.7 %, a selectivity of 55 %towards CH3OH, and a space velocity of 8000 ml gcat.−1 h−1, under reaction conditions of 280 °C and 3 MPa. The (211) crystal face of In2O3 is conducive to the generation of oxygen vacancies which shows exceptional active capabilities for CO2, and thus showing outstanding advantages in the selectivity towards CH3OH. The results underscore the importance of crystal facet engineering in tailoring the properties of catalysts for efficient CO2 hydrogenation to CH3OH.
On the Role of the Solvent in the Synthesis of Spirocycles from Alkyne Cations Catalyzed by Triflic Acid: A DFT Study
Authors: de Cózar Abel , Arrieta Ana , Cossío Fernando P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe relevance of solvent molecules in the reactivity of alkyne cations has been analyzed computationally. Analysis of the possible reaction mechanisms towards competitive cyclization and elimination processes including a molecule of solvent shows the crucial role of the solvent. In dichloromethane there are no relevant discrete solvent‐cation interactions that could determine the outcome and a strong intramolecular π‐cation interaction favors the [5‐exo‐dig] cyclization route. On the other hand, in tetrahydrofuran or toluene solvated environments, the existence of solvent‐cation interaction via formation of a dative C−O bond or the formation of a highly stabilized triflate‐cation complex, respectively, modifies the energy profile, thus promoting the elimination pathway.
The electrochemical detection of glyphosate in aqueous environments using modified carbon nitride/ZIF67 nanocomposites
Authors: Wang Qi , Liu Yao , Shu Ao‐Lan , Chen Xing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA novel type of nanocomposite‐modified electrodes, synthesized from ZIF67 and mesoporous carbon nitride (CN) featuring a carbonyl heterocyclic ring, were meticulously fabricated via an alkali‐mediated method. This innovative approach led to the construction of high‐performance electrochemical sensors. Utilizing differential pulse voltammetry, these sensors demonstrated significant potential for the precise detection of glyphosate in various aqueous environments. The detection mechanism of this sensor operates through the complexation reaction between Co2+ and glyphosate, resulting in a decrease in the response current. The fabricated material was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction techniques, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to verify its morphology and structure. The results demonstrated that the sensor exhibited high sensitivity, with a detection limit of 0.04 pg/L and a linear range from 10−12–10−5 g/L, showcasing good selectivity for glyphosate. In tests evaluating the sensor's effectiveness for detecting glyphosate in real water samples, recovery rates ranged from 97 %–106 %, further attesting to its high accuracy and practicality.
Multidisciplinary approach to obstetric disseminated intravascular coagulopathy management in low‐income country: A survey
Authors: Nwagha Theresa U. , Okoye Helen C. , Ugwu Angela O. , Duru Augustine N. , Menuba Ifeanyi E. , Ugwu Emmanuel O. , Ezebialu Ifeanyichukwu U. , Ugwu Aloysius O. , Eze Stephen C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the uptake of a multidisciplinary team approach in obstetric disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC) management in a low‐ to middle‐income country.MethodsA cross‐sectional observational study, in which a semi‐structured and pre‐tested questionnaire was used to collect data on the uptake by Nigerian obstetricians of the multidisciplinary team approach to obstetric DIC management.ResultsA total of 171 obstetricians responded, 82 (48.0%) were consultants and 89 (52.0%) were specialist registrars. Most (165; 96.5%) practiced in tertiary healthcare facilities and the multidisciplinary team approach was the most preferred (162; 94.7%) management approach. In all, 142 (83.0%) supported the invitation of hematologists always in the management whereas 115 (67.3%) participants recommended that involvement of specialists in the treatment should be when clinical presentation was suggestive of DIC. No significant association existed between years of obstetric practice and adoption of a multidisciplinary team‐based approach (χ2 = 9.590; P = 0.252).ConclusionA multidisciplinary approach is widely adopted in the management of obstetric DIC, with hematologists being a key member of the team.
Impact of oxidative stress induced by heavy metals on ovarian function
Authors: Xiao Chengqi , Lai Dongmei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs a crucial organ of the female reproductive system, the ovary has both reproductive and endocrine functions. Oxidative stress refers to an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play a role in the normal physiological activity of the ovary. However, excessive ROS can cause damage to the ovary. With the advancement of human industrial activities, heavy metal pollution has become increasingly severe. Heavy metals cause oxidative stress through both direct and indirect mechanisms, leading to changes in signal transduction pathways that damage the ovaries. This review aims to outline the adverse effects of oxidative stress on the ovaries triggered by heavy metals such as copper, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead. The detrimental effects of heavy metals on ovaries include follicular atresia and decreased estrogen production in experimental animals, and they also cause premature ovarian insufficiency in women. Additionally, this review discusses the role of antioxidants, provides some treatment methods, summarizes the limitations of current research, and offers perspectives for future research directions.
Adult cardiomyocytes‐derived EVs for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis
Authors: Prieto‐Vila Marta , Yoshioka Yusuke , Kuriyama Naoya , Okamura Akihiko , Yamamoto Yusuke , Muranaka Asao , Ochiya Takahiro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCardiac fibrosis is a common pathological feature of cardiovascular diseases that arises from the hyperactivation of fibroblasts and excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, leading to impaired cardiac function and potentially heart failure or arrhythmia. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by cardiomyocytes (CMs) regulate various physiological functions essential for myocardial homeostasis, which are disrupted in cardiac disease. Therefore, healthy CM‐derived EVs represent a promising cell‐free therapy for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.To this end, we optimized the culture conditions of human adult CMs to obtain a large yield of EVs without compromising cellular integrity by using a defined combination of small molecules. EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation, and their characteristics were analysed. Finally, their effect on fibrosis was tested.Treatment of TGFβ‐activated human cardiac fibroblasts with EVs derived from CMs using our culture system resulted in a decrease in fibroblast activation markers and ECM accumulation. The rescued phenotype was associated with specific EV cargo, including multiple myocyte‐specific and antifibrotic microRNAs, although their effect individually was not as effective as the EV treatment. Notably, pathway analysis showed that EV treatment reverted the transcription of activated fibroblasts and decreased several signalling pathways, including MAPK, mTOR, JAK/STAT, TGFβ, and PI3K/Akt, all of which are involved in fibrosis development. Intracardiac injection of CM‐derived EVs in an animal model of cardiac fibrosis reduced fibrotic area and increased angiogenesis, which correlated with improved cardiac function.These findings suggest that EVs derived from human adult CMs may offer a targeted and effective treatment for cardiac fibrosis, owing to their antifibrotic properties and the specificity of cargo.
Quality changes due to refrigerated storage in a traditional dry‐cured pork belly salted with glasswort or KCl as partial substitutes for NaCl
Authors: Ferreira Iasmin , Caro Irma , Mateo Javier , Kasaiyan Alireza , Leite Ana , Vasconcelos Lia , Rodrigues Sandra , Teixeira Alfredo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDGlasswort represents a novel alternative to KCl for replacing sodium in meat products. To evaluate the effects of Na reduction on the quality changes of a traditional dry cured belly due to storage, fresh bellies were dry‐salted with 2% NaCl (BCON), with 2% of a mixture containing 50% NaCl and 50% KCl (BKCl) or with 1% of a mixture of 90% NaCl and 10% powdered glasswort (BGW), dry‐cured, sliced, vacuum packaged and stored under refrigeration for 60 days.RESULTSThe BKCl and BGW bellies were lower in sodium by one‐third to one‐half compared to BCON (with 1.6 g Na/100 g). Neither BKCl, nor BGW significantly differed from BCON in free fatty acids (FFA) before and after storage, whereas BGW showed almost twice as much 2‐methylbutanal content as BCON. All bellies showed microbiological stability during storage. Micrococcaceae was the most abundant microbial group with values of 105 to 106 colony‐forming units g−1. The BGW presented higher Micrococcaceae counts (approximately one log unit) but lower microbial biodiversity than BCON.CONCLUSIONThe two alternative dry salting methods reduced the sodium content in bellies, at the same time as ensuring chemical and microbiological stability during refrigerated vacuum storage. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Pecan (Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch) nuts as an emerging source of protein: extraction, physicochemical and functional properties
Authors: Cao Jiarui , Shi Tingting , Wang Yaosong , Wang Jiahong , Cao Fuliang , Yu Pengfei , Su Erzheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe increasing demand for sustainable alternatives to traditional protein sources, driven by population growth, underscores the importance of protein in a healthy diet. Pecan (Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch) nuts are currently underutilized as plant‐based proteins but hold great potential in the food industry. However, there is insufficient information available on pecan protein, particularly its protein fractions. This study aimed to explore the physicochemical and functional properties of protein isolate and the main protein fraction glutelin extracted from pecan nuts.RESULTSThe results revealed that glutelin (820.67 ± 69.42 g kg−1) had a higher crude protein content compared to the protein isolate (618.43 ± 27.35 g kg−1), while both proteins exhibited amino acid profiles sufficient for adult requirements. The isoelectric points of protein isolate and glutelin were determined to be pH 4.0 and pH 5.0, respectively. The denaturation temperature of the protein isolate (90.23 °C) was higher than that of glutelin (87.43 °C), indicating a more organized and stable conformation. This is further supported by the fact that the protein isolate had a more stable main secondary structure than glutelin. Both proteins demonstrated improved solubility, emulsifying, and foaming properties at pH levels deviating from their isoelectric points in U‐shaped curves. Compared to the protein isolate, glutelin displayed superior water and oil absorption capacity along with enhanced gelling ability.CONCLUSIONThe protein isolate and glutelin from pecan nuts exhibited improved stability and competitive functional properties, respectively. The appropriate utilization of these two proteins will support their potential as natural ingredients in various food systems. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Metabolomics for dental caries diagnosis: Past, present, and future
Authors: Ahmad Paras , Moussa Dina G. , Siqueira Walter L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDental caries, a prevalent global infectious condition affecting over 95% of adults, remains elusive in its precise etiology. Addressing the complex dynamics of caries demands a thorough exploration of taxonomic, potential, active, and encoded functions within the oral ecosystem. Metabolomic profiling emerges as a crucial tool, offering immediate insights into microecosystem physiology and linking directly to the phenotype. Identified metabolites, indicative of caries status, play a pivotal role in unraveling the metabolic processes underlying the disease. Despite challenges in metabolite variability, the use of metabolomics, particularly via mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, holds promise in caries research. This review comprehensively examines metabolomics in caries prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, highlighting distinct metabolite expression patterns and their associations with disease‐related bacterial communities. Pioneering in approach, it integrates singular and combinatory metabolomics methodologies, diverse biofluids, and study designs, critically evaluating prior limitations while offering expert insights for future investigations. By synthesizing existing knowledge, this review significantly advances our comprehension of caries, providing a foundation for improved prevention and treatment strategies.
Treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation using open spinal endoscopy: Techniques and clinical outcomes
Authors: Yu Bing , Zheng Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of this paper are to introduce Open spinal endoscopy (OSE), which is a new single hole split‐type spinal endoscopic technique that can achieve adequate decompression and lumbar discectomy with preservation of the facet joints and posterior ligamentous complex, and to determine whether it can be widely performed.MethodsData from 58 patients who were treated for lumbar disc herniation using the open spinal endoscopic technique at Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital between July, 2021 and February, 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Pain in the lower back and legs was evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS) score, neurologic status by the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score, and degree of disability by the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). These evaluations were performed on the day before surgery and at the final postoperative follow‐up. Surgical outcomes were assessed using the modified MacNab criteria. The method described by Dohzono and Matsumura was used to evaluate facet joint preservation.ResultsAfter surgery, the VAS score decreased from 8.4 ± 3.1 to 0.8 ± 0.8 (p < 0.005) for leg pain and from 5.4 ± 2.9 to 1.8 ± 1.5 (p < 0.05) for back pain. The JOA score improved from 14.7 ± 8.2 to 23.7 ± 4.8 (p < 0.005). The average rate of improvement in the JOA score was 74.7% ± 34.7%. The ODI decreased from 46.1 ± 5.8 to 14.6 ± 7.0 (p < 0.005). The final clinical outcome was excellent in 47 patients (81.0%), good in 10 (17.3%), and fair in one (1.7%). No patient had a poor final outcome. There were few operative complications. Dural injury occurred during use of the endoscope in two patients. The facet joint was preserved in 83.5% ± 7.4% of cases on the approach side and in 94.5% ± 7.3% on the contralateral side.ConclusionsOSE is a single hole split‐type endoscopic technology. Compared with that for other minimally invasive spinal endoscopic techniques, the learning curve is less steep and easier to master. Open spinal endoscopy can achieve adequate decompression and lumbar discectomy with preservation of the facet joints and posterior ligamentous complex and can be performed widely.
Elucidating microbial iron corrosion mechanisms with a hydrogenase‐deficient strain of Desulfovibrio vulgaris
Authors: Wang Di , Ueki Toshiyuki , Ma Peiyu , Xu Dake , Lovley Derek R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSulfate‐reducing microorganisms extensively contribute to the corrosion of ferrous metal infrastructure. There is substantial debate over their corrosion mechanisms. We investigated Fe0 corrosion with Desulfovibrio vulgaris, the sulfate reducer most often employed in corrosion studies. Cultures were grown with both lactate and Fe0 as potential electron donors to replicate the common environmental condition in which organic substrates help fuel the growth of corrosive microbes. Fe0 was corroded in cultures of a D. vulgaris hydrogenase‐deficient mutant with the 1:1 correspondence between Fe0 loss and H2 accumulation expected for Fe0 oxidation coupled to H+ reduction to H2. This result and the extent of sulfate reduction indicated that D. vulgaris was not capable of direct Fe0‐to‐microbe electron transfer even though it was provided with a supplementary energy source in the presence of abundant ferrous sulfide. Corrosion in the hydrogenase‐deficient mutant cultures was greater than in sterile controls, demonstrating that H2 removal was not necessary for the enhanced corrosion observed in the presence of microbes. The parental H2‐consuming strain corroded more Fe0 than the mutant strain, which could be attributed to H2 oxidation coupled to sulfate reduction, producing sulfide that further stimulated Fe0 oxidation. The results suggest that H2 consumption is not necessary for microbially enhanced corrosion, but H2 oxidation can indirectly promote corrosion by increasing sulfide generation from sulfate reduction. The finding that D. vulgaris was incapable of direct electron uptake from Fe0 reaffirms that direct metal‐to‐microbe electron transfer has yet to be rigorously described in sulfate‐reducing microbes.
Advanced nurse practitioner well‐being: A 4‐year cohort mixed methods study
Authors: Wood Emily , King Rachel , Robertson Steve , Tod Angela , Senek Michaela , Taylor Beth , Ryan Tony 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsTo examine changes in advanced nurse practitioner (ANP) well‐being, satisfaction and motivation over a four‐year period.DesignLongitudinal Cohort study.MethodsSurveys were carried out each year from 2019 to 2022 with the same cohort of ANPs in the United Kingdom (UK). The survey consisted of demographics, questions on contemporary issues in advanced practice, National Health Service (NHS) staff survey questions and validated questionnaires. A core set of questions were asked every year with some changes in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic.ResultsResponse rate ranged from 40% to 59% and appeared to be affected by COVID‐19. Staff satisfaction with pay and the well‐being score were stable throughout. Other questions on well‐being, job satisfaction and motivation saw statistically significant reductions after 4 years. Open‐ended questions about ongoing well‐being concerns show participants are concerned about exhaustion levels caused by workload, staffing issues, abuse from patients and colleagues' mental health.ConclusionThe findings highlight a decline in ANP well‐being, job satisfaction and motivation post‐COVID‐19. Reasons for this, explored in the qualitative data, show that ANPs have faced extremely difficult working conditions. Urgent action is required to prevent a workforce retention crisis as many nursing staff are close to retirement and may not be motivated to remain in post.ImpactThis study has followed ANPs through the most challenging years the NHS has ever seen. Job satisfaction, motivation and enjoyment of the job all significantly reduced over time. In many areas, the ANP role has been used to fill medical workforce gaps, and this will become harder to do if ANPs are dissatisfied, disaffected and struggling with stress and burnout. Addressing these issues should be a priority for policymakers and managers.Patient or public contributionNone as this study focussed on staff. Staff stakeholders involved in the design and conduct of the study.
Virtual Reality for advanced cancer patients assisted at home: A randomized controlled interventional study
Authors: Giannelli Andrea , Moscato Serena , Ostan Rita , Pannuti Raffaella , Chiari Lorenzo , Biasco Guido , Varani Silvia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveVirtual Reality (VR) has been demonstrated to be an effective option for integrating psychological interventions in different therapeutic settings. This randomized controlled interventional study aims to assess the effects of VR, compared to tablet controlled intervention, on anxiety, depression, pain, and short‐term psychophysical symptoms in advanced cancer patients assisted at home.MethodsParticipants were provided with a VR headset or a tablet (TAB) for 4 days. On the first and last day, anxiety and depression were measured by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and pain by Brief Pain Inventory. Before and after each VR and tablet session, symptoms were collected by the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS).ResultsFifty‐three patients (27 VR vs. 26 TAB) completed the study. Anxiety significantly decreased in the VR group after the 4‐day intervention. The analysis of ESAS showed a significant improvement in pain (p = 0.013), tiredness (p < 0.001), and anxiety (p = 0.013) for TAB group, and a significant reduction in tiredness (p < 0.001) in the VR group.ConclusionsTechnological and user‐friendly tools, such as VR and tablets, might be integrated with traditional psychological interventions to improve anxiety and cancer‐related short‐term symptoms. Further studies are needed to better consolidate the possible beneficial effects of VR.