bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Translation, Cultural Adaptation, and Validation of the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS) in Chinese
Authors: Chen Maohua , Cai Siyuan , Cai Zhen , Chen Zaihong , Sheng Yang , Cui Wei , Zhang Xinjie , Jiang Zhiyuan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Rhinoplasty requires balanced consideration of function and aesthetics, necessitating a precise evaluation tool. A reliable and validated patient-reported measure, the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS) evaluates both aspects but was previously unavailable in Chinese. This study fills that gap by providing a Chinese version.

Objectives
In this study we aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate a Chinese iteration of the SCHNOS (C-SCHNOS) for appraising the functional and aesthetic outcomes among Chinese patients following rhinoplasty, furnishing a reliable and efficacious assessment tool for Chinese users.

Methods
Following international guidelines, the SCHNOS questionnaire was translated and culturally adapted for Chinese use. Its psychometric properties, including internal consistency, correlations, and reproducibility, were evaluated among Chinese natives in Sichuan Province from March 2022 to January 2023.

Results
The C-SCHNOS was administered to 110 Chinese natives, showing high internal consistency, with Cronbach's α of 0.81 for SCHNOS-O (obstructive domain) and 0.92 for SCHNOS-C (cosmetic domain). Spearman correlations for SCHNOS-O (0.36-0.65) and SCHNOS-C (0.51-0.74) were positive and significant. Test-retest reliability analyses revealed strong Spearman correlations for SCHNOS-O (r = 0.87) and SCHNOS-C (r = 0.90). Responsiveness was statistically significant for SCHNOS-O (P &lt; .001) but not for SCHNOS-C (P = .222). Exploratory factor analysis and parallel tests indicated that C-SCHNOS maintained a single-factor structure, with eigenvalues exceeding the critical values (2.55 for SCHNOS-O and 4.35 for SCHNOS-C), reflecting excellent unidimensionality.

Conclusions
The SCHNOS questionnaire was successfully translated into Chinese and culturally adapted. The C-SCHNOS is a dependable and valid instrument for utilization in the Chinese population in patients undergoing functional or cosmetic rhinoplasty.
HNCGAT: a method for predicting plant metabolite–protein interaction using heterogeneous neighbor contrastive graph attention network
Authors: Zhou Xi , Yang Jing , Luo Yin , Shen Xiao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The prediction of metabolite–protein interactions (MPIs) plays an important role in plant basic life functions. Compared with the traditional experimental methods and the high-throughput genomics methods using statistical correlation, applying heterogeneous graph neural networks to the prediction of MPIs in plants can reduce the cost of manpower, resources, and time. However, to the best of our knowledge, applying heterogeneous graph neural networks to the prediction of MPIs in plants still remains under-explored. In this work, we propose a novel model named heterogeneous neighbor contrastive graph attention network (HNCGAT), for the prediction of MPIs in Arabidopsis. The HNCGAT employs the type-specific attention-based neighborhood aggregation mechanism to learn node embeddings of proteins, metabolites, and functional-annotations, and designs a novel heterogeneous neighbor contrastive learning framework to preserve heterogeneous network topological structures. Extensive experimental results and ablation study demonstrate the effectiveness of the HNCGAT model for MPI prediction. In addition, a case study on our MPI prediction results supports that the HNCGAT model can effectively predict the potential MPIs in plant.
Systematic analysis on the horse-shoe-like effect in PCA plots of scRNA-seq data
Authors: Shah Najeebullah , Meng Qiuchen , Zou Ziheng , Zhang Xuegong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Motivation
In single-cell studies, principal component analysis (PCA) is widely used to reduce the dimensionality of dataset and visualize in 2D or 3D PC plots. Scientists often focus on different clusters within PC plot, overlooking the specific phenomenon, such as horse-shoe-like effect, that may reveal hidden knowledge about underlying biological dataset. This phenomenon remains largely unexplored in single-cell studies.

Results
In this study, we investigated into the horse-shoe-like effect in PC plots using simulated and real scRNA-seq datasets. We systematically explain horse-shoe-like phenomenon from various inter-related perspectives. Initially, we establish an intuitive understanding with the help of simulated datasets. Then, we generalized the acquired knowledge on real biological scRNA-seq data. Experimental results provide logical explanations and understanding for the appearance of horse-shoe-like effect in PC plots. Furthermore, we identify a potential problem with a well-known theory of ‘distance saturation property’ attributed to induce horse-shoe phenomenon. Finally, we analyse a mathematical model for horse-shoe effect that suggests trigonometric solutions to estimated eigenvectors. We observe significant resemblance after comparing the results of mathematical model with simulated and real scRNA-seq datasets.

Availability and implementation
The code for reproducing the results of this study is available at: https://github.com/najeebullahshah/PCA-Horse-Shoe.
Jejunal amyloidosis: a rare case presented with sudden weight loss and altered bowel habits
Authors: Majeed Hamid , Lau Jie Fei , Davenport Anna , Muhammad Karim , Bano Farhat 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Amyloidosis is a multisystem disease characterized by the extracellular deposition of abnormal protein fibrils in various tissues and organs. It is a systemic disease mainly affecting the kidneys, liver, and spleen. In the GI tract, the duodenum is most commonly involved, followed by the stomach. We came across a relatively unusual case of jejunal amyloidosis, where the presentation was with weight loss, abdominal pain, and changes in bowel habits. Radiological findings were non-specific, such as thickening of small bowel loops and small nodular bowel wall lesions, etc. Endoscopic features were also not characteristic of any particular disease entity. Therefore, it was hard to narrow down the differential diagnosis based on endoscopy and clinic-radiological grounds. The diagnosis remained a mystery until the outcome of the final histopathology report. This case study will facilitate readers in considering this entity in the differential list if they encounter mimicking clinical and/or radiological features.
An expanded Pappostipa (Stipeae, Poaceae) includes a lineage of South American species with plumose-like awns
Authors: Sede Silvana M , Testoni Daniel , Sclovich Sergio E , Morello Santiago , Santín Franco , Romaschenko Konstantin , Starr Julian R , Giussani Liliana M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Generic delimitation within the tribe Stipeae has been a dynamic process since the late 1980s. In this study, we focus on a morphologically cohesive group of Jarava species with plumose-like awns that previous phylogenetic studies suggested were sister to the genus Pappostipa and only distantly related to Jarava sensu stricto. To test this hypothesis, we broadened species sampling, analysed lemma epidermal patterns, and performed molecular phylogenetic analyses using the nuclear ITS region and three plastid (rpl32-trnL, rps16-trnK, rps16 intron) markers. Phylogenetic results confirmed the close relationship of Jarava species with plumose awns (i.e., the Ptilostipa clade) to species of Pappostipa, forming a well-supported clade (C subclade). This result is supported by lemma epidermal patterns in the Ptilostipa clade that are similar to the ‘Maize-like’ pattern of the Achnatherum subtype found in Pappostipa. Consequently, we expand Pappostipa to include three species of Jarava (i.e., Pappostipa neaei, comb. nov., P. pogonathera, comb. nov., and P. psylantha, comb. nov.) and we place them in a new section, Pappostipa sect. Ptilostipa, sect. nov. Moreover, we provide new diagnostic features for Pappostipa, including drawings and photographs illustrating floret morphology, lemma epidermal surfaces, species’ habit, and notes on distribution.
Breslow density ability to predict melanoma survival: should it be used in clinical practice?
Authors: Gil-Pallares Pedro , Figueroa-Silva Olalla , Taboada-Paz Laura , Gil-Pallares María Eugenia , Sánchez-Aguilar Rojas María Dolores , Balboa-Barreiro Vanesa , Navarro-Bielsa Alba , Suárez-Peñaranda José Manuel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Breslow density (BD) is an estimation of melanoma volume, which has emerged as a novel histopathological prognostic biomarker.

Objectives
To evaluate the role of BD as a predictor of patients’ survival and assess its prognostic value in relation to overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), melanoma-specific survival (MSS) and metastasis-free survival (MFS).

Methods
A retrospective observational study in a cohort of 107 patients with invasive melanoma was conducted. Kaplan–Meier and Log-rank tests were used for 10-year survival analysis. The ability of BD and Breslow thickness (BT) to predict survival was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results
The average follow-up was 115 months, excluding deaths. People with BD ≥ 65% showed lower survival rates compared with the BD &lt; 65% group (log-rank test P &lt; 0.001). Area under the curve (AUC) of BD ≥ 65% was higher than BTs for all studied survival rates except for MSS, in which absolute BD showed the highest value.

Conclusions
BD is proposed as a simple, valuable and inexpensive histopathological feature that could provide additional valuable information to that available from melanoma staging, as it has proved to have a statistically significant prognostic value in relation to survival in patients with melanoma and comparable 10-year survival prediction ability with that of BT.
Dysfunction of motor cortices in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Chu Hong-Yuan , Smith Yoland , Lytton William W , Grafton Scott , Villalba Rosa , Masilamoni Gunasingh , Wichmann Thomas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The cerebral cortex has long been thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. The impaired cortical function is believed to be a direct and immediate effect of pathologically patterned basal ganglia output, mediated to the cerebral cortex by way of the ventral motor thalamus. However, recent studies in humans with Parkinson’s disease and in animal models of the disease have provided strong evidence suggesting that the involvement of the cerebral cortex is much broader than merely serving as a passive conduit for subcortical disturbances. In the present review, we discuss Parkinson’s disease–related changes in frontal cortical motor regions, focusing on neuropathology, plasticity, changes in neurotransmission, and altered network interactions. We will also examine recent studies exploring the cortical circuits as potential targets for neuromodulation to treat Parkinson’s disease.
A Macroeconomic View on Banks’ Deposits after Monetary Interventions
Authors: Cafiso Gianluca , Rivolta Giulia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We study the evolution of bank deposits in response to monetary policy shocks. The objective is to assess whether a significant deposit channel, that is, an outflow of deposits when monetary conditions tighten (Drechsler et al. 2017), emerges at the macro level. The analysis relies on the estimation of a large Bayesian structural VAR for the USA, and monetary policy shocks are identified with Arias et al. (2019)’s method. We find some elements of the deposit channel, but our results suggest that its relevance for the transmission of monetary policy at the macro level is limited.
Community-acquired Pneumonia in People With HIV During the Current Era of Effective Antiretroviral Therapy: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bai Anthony D , Srivastava Siddhartha , Martinez Cajas Jorge L , Razak Fahad , Verma Amol A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
It is unclear if human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects the prognosis for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the current era of effective antiretroviral therapy. In this multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients admitted for CAP, we compared the in-hospital mortality rate between people with HIV (PWH) and those without.

Methods
The study included consecutive patients admitted with a diagnosis of CAP across 31 hospitals in Ontario, Canada, from 2015 to 2022. HIV infection was based on discharge diagnoses and antiretroviral prescription. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Competing risk models were used to describe time to death in hospital or discharge. Potential confounders were balanced using overlap weighting of propensity scores.

Results
Of 82 822 patients admitted with CAP, 1518 (1.8%) had a diagnosis of HIV. PWH were more likely to be younger, male, and have fewer comorbidities. In the hospital, 67 (4.4%) PWH and 6873 (8.5%) people without HIV died. HIV status had an adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio of 1.02 (95% confidence interval, .80–1.31; P = .8440) for dying in the hospital. Of 1518 PWH, 440 (29.0%) patients had a diagnosis of AIDS. AIDS diagnosis had an adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio of 3.04 (95% CI, 1.69–5.45; P = .0002) for dying in the hospital compared to HIV without AIDS.

Conclusions
People with and without HIV admitted for CAP had a similar in-hospital mortality rate. For PWH, AIDS significantly increased the mortality risk. HIV infection by itself without AIDS should not be considered a poor prognostic factor for CAP.
The Contender’s Momentum? COVID-19 and IO Relations in the Regime Complex of Financial Assistance
Authors: Biermann Felix , Daßler Benjamin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
How do crises affect authority structures in international regime complexes? The international order is characterized by regime complexes consisting of ever more overlapping institutions competing for authority. Most complexes consist of established institutions facing a growing number of more recently created institutional contenders. We argue that crises can alter the competitive structure of regime complexes. From the perspective of states, crisis situations can provide newly created contenders—designed as institutional alternatives—with functional advantages over established institutions. Long-established institutions tend to be highly institutionalized, decreasing flexibility and speed of decision-making. Thus, during crises, states may shift their cooperative activities away from inert institutions and to newly created, more flexible alternatives that are less encompassing. We test the plausibility of our claim by studying the effects of the COVID-19 crisis on the regime complex of financial assistance (FA). The results of a qualitative process analysis of institutional crisis responses combined with a comparative network analysis of the FA complex support our argument. The COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity for the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the New Development Bank to position themselves as crisis-proof alternatives for developing countries to established institutions like the World Bank.
CO-19 PDB 2.0: A Comprehensive COVID-19 Database with Global Auto-Alerts, Statistical Analysis, and Cancer Correlations
Authors: Ullah Shahid , Li Yingmei , Rahman Wajeeha , Ullah Farhan , Ijaz Muhammad , Ullah Anees , Ahmad Gulzar , Ullah Hameed , Gao Tianshun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Biological databases serve as critical basics for modern research, and amid the dynamic landscape of biology, the COVID-19 database has emerged as an indispensable resource. The global outbreak of Covid-19, commencing in December 2019, necessitates comprehensive databases to unravel the intricate connections between this novel virus and cancer. Despite existing databases, a crucial need persists for a centralized and accessible method to acquire precise information within the research community. The main aim of the work is to develop a database which has all the COVID-19-related data available in just one click with auto global notifications. This gap is addressed by the meticulously designed COVID-19 Pandemic Database (CO-19 PDB 2.0), positioned as a comprehensive resource for researchers navigating the complexities of COVID-19 and cancer. Between December 2019 and June 2024, the CO-19 PDB 2.0 systematically collected and organized 120 datasets into six distinct categories, each catering to specific functionalities. These categories encompass a chemical structure database, a digital image database, a visualization tool database, a genomic database, a social science database, and a literature database. Functionalities range from image analysis and gene sequence information to data visualization and updates on environmental events. CO-19 PDB 2.0 has the option to choose either the search page for the database or the autonotification page, providing a seamless retrieval of information. The dedicated page introduces six predefined charts, providing insights into crucial criteria such as the number of cases and deaths’, country-wise distribution, ‘new cases and recovery’, and rates of death and recovery. The global impact of COVID-19 on cancer patients has led to extensive collaboration among research institutions, producing numerous articles and computational studies published in international journals. A key feature of this initiative is auto daily notifications for standardized information updates. Users can easily navigate based on different categories or use a direct search option. The study offers up-to-date COVID-19 datasets and global statistics on COVID-19 and cancer, highlighting the top 10 cancers diagnosed in the USA in 2022. Breast and prostate cancers are the most common, representing 30% and 26% of new cases, respectively. The initiative also ensures the removal or replacement of dead links, providing a valuable resource for researchers, healthcare professionals, and individuals. The database has been implemented in PHP, HTML, CSS and MySQL and is available freely at https://www.co-19pdb.habdsk.org/.
Database URL: https://www.co-19pdb.habdsk.org/
Role of thoracic endovascular aortic repair in T4b esophageal cancer management: a systematic review
Authors: Papaconstantinou Dimitrios , Koliakos Nikolaos , Tzortzis Andrianos-Serafeim , Mandrakas Nikolaos , Bakopoulos Anargyros , Lianos Georgios D , Peroulis Michail , Schizas Dimitrios 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARY
The incidence of T4b esophageal cancer with aortic invasion but without distant metastasis is estimated to be between 3.8% and 4.6% of all esophageal cancer cases. Development of an aortoesophageal fistula in such cases is a rare but not unlikely event, leading to catastrophic consequences. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the importance of aortic stenting (Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair—TEVAR) and its optimal timing in the management of locally advanced esophageal cancer. A systematic literature search of the MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases was undertaken to identify relevant studies published up to March 2024. An individual patient data analysis was performed by forming a patient cohort with elective and salvage TEVAR subgroups, depending on the timing of the stenting. The study pool consisted of 25 studies incorporating 101 cases of locally advanced esophageal cancer, with a median age of 64 years (range 45–87 years). Of them, 50 patients underwent elective TEVAR compared with 51 patients receiving TEVAR in an acute salvage setting. Elective or prophylactic TEVAR was found to significantly increase esophageal resection rates (65.6% vs. 16.7% in the salvage subgroup, P &lt; 0.001), concurrently reducing complication rates (8.3% vs. 36.1%, P &lt; 0.001). Overall survival was also prolonged in the elective subgroup (8.3 vs. 4 months, P = 0.001), with elective stenting being the only independent predictor of improved survival. In conclusion, management with aortic stenting in high-risk patients may reduce the catastrophic consequences of massive bleeding, minimize complications, and enhance survival rates.
Value of high-output pace-mapping of the right phrenic nerve for enabling safe radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation: insights from three-dimensional computed tomography segmentation
Authors: Squara Fabien , Supple Gregory , Liuba Ioan , Wasiak Michal , Zado Erica , Desjardins Benoit , Marchlinski Francis E 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aims
Right phrenic nerve (RPN) injury is a disabling but uncommon complication of atrial fibrillation (AF) radiofrequency ablation. Pace-mapping is widely used to infer RPN’s course, for limiting the risk of palsy by avoiding ablation at capture sites. However, information is lacking regarding the distance between the endocardial sites of capture and the actual anatomic RPN location. We aimed at determining the distance between endocardial sites of capture and anatomic CT location of the RPN, depending on the capture threshold.

Methods and results
In consecutive patients undergoing AF radiofrequency ablation, we defined the course of the RPN on the electroanatomical map with high-output pacing at up to 50 mA/2 ms, and assessed RPN capture threshold (RPN-t). The true anatomic course of the RPN was delineated and segmented using CT scan, then merged with the electroanatomical map. The distance between pacing sites and the RPN was assessed. In 45 patients, 1033 pacing sites were analysed. Distances from pacing sites to RPN ranged from 7.5 ± 3.0 mm (min 1) when RPN-t was ≤10 mA to 19.2 ± 6.5 mm (min 9.4) in cases of non-capture at 50 mA. A distance to the phrenic nerve &gt; 10 mm was predicted by RPN-t with a ROC curve area of 0.846 [0.821–0.870] (P &lt; 0.001), with Se = 80.8% and Sp = 77.5% if RPN-t &gt; 20 mA, Se = 68.0% and Sp = 91.6% if RPN-t &gt; 30 mA, and Se = 42.4% and Sp = 97.6% if non-capture at 50 mA.

Conclusion
These data emphasize the utility of high-output pace-mapping of the RPN. Non-capture at 50 mA/2 ms demonstrated very high specificity for predicting a distance to the RPN &gt; 10 mm, ensuring safe radiofrequency delivery.
Repeated feeding guild evolution: the impact of competition on diversification
Authors: Powell Gareth S , Saxton Natalie A , Duffy Alexandra G , Bybee Seth M , Cameron Stephen L , Cline Andrew R , McElrath Thomas C , Gimmel Matthew L , Johnson Jerald B , Leschen Richard A B , Skelley Paul E , Gunter Nicole L 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Adaptive zones are defined as ecological opportunities for lineages to diversify. Cucujoid beetles provide a unique system to investigate adaptive zones, specifically the interplay between factors that may predict diversity and mechanisms such as competition that may limit diversification. Using a taxon-rich, time-calibrated phylogeny of cucujoid beetles, we report clade ages in conjunction with estimated ages for major shifts in feeding ecology within this group. With these ages, we calculate the delay in time-to-colonization of food resources compared with the extant diversity of each group. We uncovered a pattern of increased lineage diversity specifically with shifts to novel food resources probably devoid of competition from other cucujoid beetles. Neither diversity of the food resource, age of the food resource, nor age of the beetle lineage were able to predict species diversity of these groups. Our results provide evidence that shifting to a resource first is a strong predictor of extant diversity.