bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robot‐Assisted Gastrectomy for Early Gastric Cancer: Is It Beneficial in Viscerally Obese Patients Compared to Laparoscopic Gastrectomy?
Authors: Park Ji Yeon , Ryu Keun Won , Reim Daniel , Eom Bang Wool , Yoon Hong Man , Rho Ji Yoon , Choi Il Ju , Kim Young‐Woo 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe adoption of robotic systems for gastric cancer surgery has been proven feasible and safe; however, a benefit over the laparoscopic approach has not yet been well‐documented. We aimed to investigate the surgical outcomes of robotic versus laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer, according to the extent of surgery and patients’ obesity status.MethodsBetween January 2009 and July 2011, 770 patients were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. All had stage IA/IB gastric cancer preoperatively and underwent either laparoscopic (n = 622) or robotic (n = 148) gastrectomy. Patients were classified into obese and non‐obese groups on the basis of visceral fat area (VFA). The extent of surgery was defined by whether patients underwent distal or total gastrectomy.ResultsThe surgical outcomes following distal gastrectomy were similar between the robotic and laparoscopic groups regardless of the obesity status. After total gastrectomy, the number of total and N2‐area lymph nodes were significantly higher in the robotic group than in the laparoscopic group in non‐obese patients with VFA < 100 cm2 (total, 38.8 vs. 46.5; p = 0.018; N2 area, 9.0 vs. 12.4; p = 0.041), but no significant differences were observed in obese population. Robotic group developed less severe complications after total gastrectomy compared to laparoscopic group in non‐obese patients (p = 0.036).ConclusionRobotic assistance did not improve surgical outcomes over the laparoscopic approach in obese patients undergoing distal gastrectomy. However, non‐obese patients with low VFA may benefit from robotic assistance during total gastrectomy in terms of radical D2 lymphadenectomy with fewer serious complications.
VEGF‐D and A Preoperative Serum Levels Predict Nodal and Distant Metastases in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients
Authors: Lai Chieh‐Wen , Duh Quan‐Yang , Chen Chuang‐Wei , Chuang Fu‐Jie , Chang Yao‐Jen , Lin Ming‐Tsan , Wu Ming‐Hsun 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundPreoperative tumor aggressiveness biomarkers may help surgeons decide the extent of an operation. However, whether serum angiogenetic factors can be used to predict the prognosis of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer is still unclear.MethodsSeventy‐six DTC patients were prospectively recruited. Preoperative serum samples were collected and measured for Tie‐2, Ang‐1, Ang‐2, VEGF‐A, and VEGF‐D levels. The potential correlations between their serum levels and clinicopathologic features as well as their prognoses were analyzed.ResultsOlder age (>45 years old) and higher VEGF‐A serum levels were independent predictors of extrathyroidal extension. The VEGF‐D serum level was an independent factor for lymph node metastases and VEGF‐A was an independent factor for distant metastases. None of these serum angiogenetic factors were significantly different between patients who were disease free and those with recurrences. The presence of lymph node metastases was the only independent factor for recurrence over the 2‐year follow‐up.ConclusionPreoperative serum VEGF‐A and VEGF‐D levels were significantly elevated in DTC patients with distant and lymph node metastases. These findings, when combined with other clinicopathological factors, may help in surgical decisions.
Floral morphology and structure of Emblingia calceoliflora (Emblingiaceae, Brassicales): questions and answers
Authors: Tobe Hiroshi 
Published: February 2015

AbstractEmblingia calceoliflora, the sole species of the family Emblingiaceae (Brassicales), is a creeping shrub endemic to South Western Australia. The flowers have a characteristic slipper-like corolla (calceolus). Earlier studies using dry specimens have left some questions regarding the flower unresolved. Here I present an anatomical study of fresh flowers to resolve these questions. The flowers are pedicellate, strongly monosymmetric, and pentamerous with the median sepal in the abaxial position. During flower development, a pedicel turns clockwise or anticlockwise, placing the adaxial calceolus (comprising both petals) downward and a transversely dilated androgynophore upward with a large tunnel-like space between them. Two short longitudinal walls develop from the basal part of the petals, enclosing a nectary gland deep in the flower. The vascular anatomy of the androgynophore shows that lateral dédoublement occurs in five stamens, resulting in two pairs of fertile stamens on the adaxial side and (three to) six staminodes as the “hood” on the opposite side. Androecial configuration is obhaplostemony, and the gynoecium is tricarpellate/trilocular. Comparisons with flowers of other Brassicales show that an extrastaminal nectary is a synapomorphy of the core Brassicales including Emblingiaceae. The flower ofEmblingiais highly specialized for adaptation to insect-pollination.
Revisiting Spontaneous Rupture of the Extensor Pollicis Longus Tendon: Eight Cases without Identifiable Predisposing Factor
Authors: Hu Ching-Hsuan , Fufa Duretti , Hsu Chung-Chen , Lin Yu-Te , Lin Chih-Hung 
Published: February 2015

Introduction Rupture of the extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon has been reported in the setting of distal radius fracture, chronic inflammatory arthritis, following steroid injection, and with excessive or repetitive activities. Truly, spontaneous EPL rupture, without an identifiable predisposing factor, has rarely been reported. Methods We present a retrospective case series of eight patients with spontaneous EPL rupture who were treated in our institution. Results The majority of the cases were female (75 %, n=6), and the nondominant (75 %, n=6) hand was most commonly involved. No identifiable predisposing factor could be identified in four patients. While four patients reported a history of a fall, radiographs failed to demonstrate skeletal abnormality in all four cases. No additional pathology could be identified at the time of surgery. Patients were treated using tendon transfer ( n=7) or interpositional graft ( n=1). There has been no case of clinical recurrence in the mean of 74.8 months (range 23–140 months) follow-up period. Conclusion The EPL tendon is at risk for spontaneous rupture even in the absence of identifiable predisposing risk factor. Rather than pure mechanical irritation, vascular and metabolic factors may also play a substantial role in the etiology of this uncommon diagnosis.
Urinary biomarkers of oxidative damage in Maple syrup urine disease: The l‐carnitine role
Authors: Guerreiro Gilian , Mescka Caroline Paula , Sitta Angela , Donida Bruna , Marchetti Desirèe , Hammerschmidt Tatiane , Faverzani Jessica , de Moura Coelho Daniella , Wajner Moacir , Dutra‐Filho Carlos Severo , Vargas Carmen Regla 
Published: February 2015

AbstractMaple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a disorder of branched‐chain amino acids (BCAA). The defect in the branched‐chain α‐keto acid dehydrogenase complex activity leads to an accumulation of these compounds and their corresponding α‐keto‐acids and α‐hydroxy‐acids. Studies have shown that oxidative stress may be involved in neuropathology of MSUD. l‐carnitine (l‐car), which has demonstrated an important role as antioxidant by reducing and scavenging free radicals formation and by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, have been used in the treatment of some metabolic rare disorders. This study evaluated the oxidative stress parameters, di‐tyrosine, isoprostanes and antioxidant capacity, in urine of MSUD patients under protein‐restricted diet supplemented or not with l‐car capsules at a dose of 50 mg kg−1 day−1. It was also determined urinary α‐keto isocaproic acid levels as well as blood free l‐car concentrations in blood. It was found a deficiency of carnitine in patients before the l‐car supplementation. Significant increases of di‐tyrosine and isoprostanes, as well as reduced antioxidant capacity, were observed before the treatment with l‐car. The l‐car supplementation induced beneficial effects on these parameters reducing the di‐tyrosine and isoprostanes levels and increasing the antioxidant capacity. It was also showed a significant increase in urinary of α‐ketoisocaproic acid after 2 months of l‐car treatment, compared to control group. In conclusion, our results suggest that l‐car may have beneficial effects in the treatment of MSUD by preventing oxidative damage to the cells and that urine can be used to monitorize oxidative damage in patients affected by this disease.
The Robson ten‐group classification system for appraising deliveries at a tertiary referral hospital in Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Elton C. , Pacagnella Rodolfo C. , Costa Maria L. , Cecatti Jose G. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the distribution of women according to the Robson 10‐group classification system (RTGCS) and the occurrence of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) by mode of delivery at a tertiary referral hospital.MethodsA retrospective cross‐sectional study was conducted of all women admitted to the Women's Hospital at the University of Campinas (Campinas, Brazil) for delivery between January 2009 and July 2013. Women were grouped according to RTGCS. Mode of delivery and SMM (defined as need for admission to the intensive care unit) were assessed.ResultsAmong 12 771 women, 5957 (46.6%) delivered by cesarean. Overall, 3594 (28.1%) women were in group 1 (nulliparous, single pregnancy, cephalic, term, spontaneous labor), 2328 (18.2%) in group 5 (≥ 1 previous cesarean, single pregnancy, cephalic, term), and 2112 (16.5%) in group 3 (multiparous excluding previous cesarean, single pregnancy, cephalic, term, spontaneous labor). Group 5 contributed the most cesarean deliveries (1626 [27.3%]), followed by group 2 (nulliparous, single pregnancy, cephalic, term, induced labor or cesarean before labor; 1049 [17.6%]). SMM was more common among women undergoing cesarean delivery than among those delivering vaginally in groups 1–5.ConclusionThe RTGCS allowed the identification of groups with the highest frequency of cesarean delivery and an assessment of SMM. This should be considered in related health policies.
Effectiveness of Powered Mobility Devices in Enabling Community Mobility‐Related Participation: A Prospective Study Among People With Mobility Restrictions
Authors: Sund Terje , Iwarsson Susanne , Anttila Heidi , Brandt Åse 
Published: February 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of powered mobility device (ie, powered wheelchair and scooter) interventions over a 1‐year period in Nordic countries.DesignProspective design.SettingThe study involved community‐dwelling participants from Denmark, Finland, and Norway.ParticipantsIn all, 180 participants with different self‐reported impairments participated in the study. The mean age was 68.7 years (95% confidence interval [CI] = 39.9‐97.5 years), and 47.8% of the participants were men.MethodsTwo face‐to‐face interviews about mobility and mobility‐related participation were conducted with participants in their homes. The first interview took place shortly before the participants received their powered mobility device, and the second took place about 1 year later (mean, 386.9 days; standard deviation = 52.78).Main Outcome MeasuresChanges in frequency, ease/difficulty, and number of mobility‐related aspects of participation in daily life were investigated in the total sample and in subgroups by means of the NOMO 1.0 instrument, applying a structured interview format.ResultsIn the total sample, the frequency of shopping for groceries (P < .001, effect size = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.08‐0.50) and going for a walk/ride (P < .001, effect size = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.41‐83) increased, whereas the number of aspects of participation performed (P < .001) increased only slightly. Going to a restaurant/café/pub, shopping for groceries, doing other shopping, posting letters, going to the bank or the chemist's, going for a walk/ride, and visiting family/friends became easier (P < .001 to P = .001); effect sizes varied between 0.50 (95% CI = 0.29‐0.71) and 0.85 (95% CI = 0.63‐1.07). Men, persons who used scooters, and persons with poor self‐reported health seem to benefit the most from the intervention.ConclusionsPowered mobility device interventions mainly contribute to mobility‐related participation by making participation easier for people with mobility restrictions and by increasing the frequency of aspects of participation such as shopping for groceries and going for a walk/ride. The effects varied with regard to the subgroups. The present study further strengthens the current evidence that powered mobility devices increase mobility‐related participation in daily life among certain subgroups of adults with mobility restrictions.
Lubricated viscous gravity currents
Authors: Kowal Katarzyna N. , Worster M. Grae 
Published: February 2015

AbstractWe present a theoretical and experimental study of viscous gravity currents lubricated by another viscous fluid from below. We use lubrication theory to model both layers as Newtonian fluids spreading under their own weight in two-dimensional and axisymmetric settings over a smooth rigid horizontal surface and consider the limit in which vertical shear provides the dominant resistance to the flow in both layers. There are contributions from Poiseuille-like flow driven by buoyancy and Couette-like flow driven by viscous coupling between the layers. The flow is self-similar if both fluids are released simultaneously, and exhibits initial transient behaviour when there is a delay between the initiation of flow in the two layers. We solve for both situations and show that the latter converges towards self-similarity at late times. The flow depends on three key dimensionless parameters relating the relative dynamic viscosities, input fluxes and density differences between the two layers. Provided the density difference between the two layers is bounded away from zero, we find an asymptotic solution in which the front of the lubricant is driven by its own gravitational spreading. There is a singular limit of equal densities in which the lubricant no longer spreads under its own weight in the vicinity of its nose and ends abruptly with a non-zero thickness there. We explore various regimes, from thin lubricating layers underneath a more viscous current to thin surface films coating an underlying more viscous current and find that although a thin film does not greatly influence the more viscous current if it forms a surface coating, it begins to cause interesting dynamics if it lubricates the more viscous current from below. We find experimentally that a lubricated gravity current is prone to a fingering instability.
The impact of future time orientation on employees’ feedback-seeking behavior from supervisors and co-workers: The mediating role of psychological ownership
Authors: Qian Jing , Lin Xiaosong , Han Zhuo R. , Tian Bowen , Chen George Z. , Wang Haiwan 
Published: February 2015

AbstractFuture time orientation is essential if an employee is to be motivated to conduct activities that generate long-term rather than immediate gain, and which may involve risk. Given that feedback seeking requires the employee to slow down and seek input, it is surprising that little is known about the relationship between future time orientation and feedback seeking. Drawing upon psychological ownership theory and construal-level theory, we hypothesized a positive influence of future time orientation on feedback seeking from various sources (i.e., supervisors and co-workers). We also hypothesized job-based psychological ownership as a newly identified motive of feedback seeking and employed it to explain how future time orientation exerts influences. Tested with data from a sample of 228 subordinate–supervisor dyads from China, the results revealed that (1) future time orientation was positively related to feedback seeking from supervisors and co-workers and (2) job-based psychology ownership mediated the relationship between future time orientation and feedback seeking.
Migratory songbirds in the East Asian-Australasian Flyway: a review from a conservation perspective
Authors: YONG DING LI , LIU YANG , LOW BING WEN , ESPAÑOLA CARMELA P. , CHOI CHANG-YONG , KAWAKAMI KAZUTO 
Published: February 2015

SummaryThe East Asian-Australasian Flyway supports the greatest diversity and populations of migratory birds globally, as well as the highest number of threatened migratory species of any flyway, including passerines (15 species). However it is also one of the most poorly understood migration systems, and little is known about the populations and ecology of the passerine migrants that breed, stop over and winter in the habitats along this flyway. We provide the first flyway-wide review of diversity, ecology, and conservation issues relating to 170 species of long-distance and over 80 short-distance migrants from 32 families. Recent studies of songbird migration movements and ecology is limited, and is skewed towards East Asia, particularly Mainland China, Taiwan, Russia, Japan and South Korea. Strong evidence of declines exists for some species, e.g. Yellow-breasted BuntingEmberiza aureola, but tends to be fragmentary, localised or anecdotal for many others. More species have small breeding ranges (< 250,000 km2) and/or are dependent on tropical forests as wintering habitat than those in any other Eurasian migratory system, and are thus more vulnerable to habitat loss and degradation throughout their ranges. Poorly regulated hunting for food and the pet trade, invasive species and collisions with man-made structures further threaten migratory songbirds at a number of stop-over or wintering sites, while climate change and habitat loss may be of increasing concern in the breeding ranges. A key conservation priority is to carry out intensive field surveys across the region while simultaneously tapping into citizen science datasets, to identify important stop-over and wintering sites, particularly for poorly-known or globally threatened species across South-East Asia and southern China for targeted conservation actions. Additionally, the advent of miniaturised tracking technology, molecular and isotopic techniques can provide novel insights into migration connectivity, paths and ecology for species in this migration system, complementing data from banding exercises and observation-based surveys, and could prove useful in informing conservation priorities. However, until most states along the East Asian-Australasian flyway ratify the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) and other cross-boundary treaties, the relative lack of cross-boundary cooperation, coordination and information sharing in the region will continue to present a stumbling block for effective conservation of migratory passerines.
Key research issues concerning the conservation of migratory shorebirds in the Yellow Sea region
Authors: HUA NING , TAN KUN , CHEN YING , MA ZHIJUN 
Published: February 2015

SummaryThe widespread decline of migratory shorebirds in the East Asian-Australasian Flyway (EAAF) is one of the greatest crises for migrating birds. Among the migratory species with known population trends, 88% (22 of 25 species) show population declines, and seven have been listed as threatened or Near Threatened in the IUCN Red List. The decline of migratory shorebirds is related to the deterioration of stopping sites (including staging and stopping sites) in the Yellow Sea, including loss of intertidal wetlands, spread of invasive smooth cordgrassSpartina alternifloraon intertidal flats, an increase in pollution, and an increase in human disturbance. We review research concerning shorebird migration through the Yellow Sea and highlight key research activities required for the conservation of shorebirds in the region. These activities include: confirming the population consequences of loss of stopping sites, estimating migration timing and numbers of shorebirds at stopping sites, determining the differing abilities of species to use alternative habitats, understanding intra- and interspecific differences in the use of stopping sites, maintaining and expanding surveys on shorebirds and habitat condition, and identifying threats to shorebirds beyond habitat loss by reclamation. The information generated by these research activities is required for the design and selection of effective conservation actions to reverse the decline in shorebird populations.
The town as a stage? Urban space and tournaments in late medieval Brussels
Authors: DAMEN MARIO 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACT:This article discusses the material and spatial features of the tournaments on the Grote Markt, the central market square in Brussels, in the fifteenth and first half of the sixteenth century. It investigates how the tournament acquired meaning in the urban space where it was organized, and how the chivalric event in its turn altered that urban space. These Brussels tournaments, for which both archival, iconographical and narrative sources are available, show us the dynamics of an inherently courtly festival within an urban setting. Recent historiography has stressed that these tournaments, just like other urban festivals, for example joyous entries, demonstrate the submission of the town to the ruler. Indeed, the prince and his household used the public space of the Grote Markt and the facilities of the town hall to organize tournaments and festivities. However, they could not do this on their own. They needed the town government for the organization and logistics of the tournament and for its hospitality. Moreover, the town managed to put its own stamp on the architecture, both permanent and ephemeral, emphasizing the responsibilities that the duke had towards his town, as well as the long tradition of subservience and loyalty of the town to the duke.
Retrospective Assessment of Movement Disorder Society Criteria for Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Loftus Andrea M. , Bucks Romola S. , Thomas Meghan , Kane Robert , Timms Caitlin , Barker Roger A. , Gasson Natalie 
Published: February 2015

AbstractA Movement Disorder Society (MDS) taskforce recently proposed diagnostic criteria for Parkinson’s disease with features of mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI). This study first examined the prevalence and nature of PD-MCI in a non-demented cohort using the MDS criteria. Using the generic Monte Carlo simulation method developed by Crawford and colleagues (2007), this study then estimated the base rate of the representative population who would demonstrate PD-MCI due to chance alone. A total of 104 participants with idiopathic PD underwent extensive motor and neuropsychological testing at baseline and 2 years later. The Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) was used to assess motor symptoms of PD and a range of established neuropsychological tests was used to assess PD-MCI in accord with MDS criteria. In accord with MDS criteria, 38% of this cohort demonstrated PD-MCI at baseline and 48% at follow-up. Of the 36 participants in the multiple-domain PD-MCI subtype at time-1, 9 (25%) demonstrated no PD-MCI at follow up. Analysis revealed that approximately 13% of the representative population would demonstrate abnormally low scores for 2 of the 9 tests used, thereby meeting MDS criteria for PD-MCI. Clinicians and researchers need to approach a single diagnosis (i.e., based on one assessment) of PD-MCI with considerable caution. (JINS, 2015, 21, 137–145)