bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilience in Oral Health Professional Education: A Scoping Review
Authors: Long Ruby , Forty Liz , Field James 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionResilience is defined as an individual's capacity to effectively adapt in the face of challenges without detrimental effects on their health and well‐being. This scoping review identifies and rationalises the published concepts that underpin resilience in oral health professional (OHP) education. It provides recommendations for the development of evidence‐based strategies for promoting resilience in OHP education.MethodsThe PRISMA and Arksey and O'Malley methodological frameworks for scoping reviews were used to determine the methodology and answer the question ‘What concepts contribute to resilience in OHP Education?’. The search strategy included published literature searches and internet searches.ResultsIn total, 744 articles on resilience and coping were identified, and 59 were included after excluding irrelevant records. Most studies used surveys as their study design and focused on undergraduate dental students in North America and Asia. Three main themes were identified: factors that contribute to resilience, measurement tools and scales and enhancing resilience. This review highlights a positive correlation between increased resilience and improved outcomes for dental students.ConclusionResilience and its related factors are not well understood. There is insufficient evidence to support interventions for building resilience due to inconsistent measuring methods and limited research validating resilience scales in OHP education. Investigators should accurately understand the terminology for clarity and consistency. Validated outcome measures and student feedback should be used to determine the effectiveness of interventions. It is important to teach students coping strategies to manage stressors, and digital applications for building resilience should be developed and tested in OHP student populations.
Progress report on new medications for seizures and epilepsy: A summary of the 17th Eilat Conference on New Antiepileptic Drugs and Devices (EILAT XVII). II. Drugs in more advanced clinical development
Authors: Bialer Meir , Johannessen Svein I. , Koepp Matthias J. , Perucca Emilio , Perucca Piero , Tomson Torbjörn , White H. Steve 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe 17th Eilat Conference on New Antiepileptic Drugs and Devices took place in Madrid, Spain on May 5–8, 2024. As usual, the core part of the conference consisted of presentations on investigational drugs at various stages of development for epilepsy‐related indications. Summaries of information on compounds in preclinical or early clinical development are included in an accompanying publication (Part I). In this article, we provide summaries for five compounds in more advanced clinical development, i.e. compounds for which some information on antiseizure activity in individuals with epilepsy is available. These investigational treatments include azetukalner (XEN1101), a potent, KV7.2/7.3‐specific potassium channel opener in development for the treatment of focal seizures, generalized tonic–clonic seizures, and major depressive disorder; bexicaserin (LP352), a selective 5‐HT2C receptor superagonist in development for the treatment of seizures associated with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies; radiprodil, a selective negative allosteric modulator of NR2B subunit‐containing N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate glutamate receptors, in development for the treatment of seizures and behavior manifestations associated with disorders caused by gain‐of‐function mutations in the GRIN1, −2A, ‐2B, or ‐2D genes; soticlestat (TAK‐935), a selective inhibitor of cholesterol 24‐hydroxylase in development for the treatment of seizures associated with Dravet syndrome and Lennox–Gastaut syndrome; and STK‐001, an antisense oligonucleotide designed to upregulate Nav1.1 protein expression and improve outcomes in individuals with Dravet syndrome. The diversity in mechanisms of action of these agents illustrates different approaches being pursued in the discovery of novel treatments for seizures and epilepsy. For two of the compounds discussed in this report (azetukalner and soticlestat), clinical evidence of efficacy has already been obtained in a randomized placebo‐controlled adjunctive‐therapy trial. For the other compounds, adequately powered placebo‐controlled efficacy trials have not been completed to date.
Characteristics of motor vehicle crashes and fatality risk among drivers with epilepsy
Authors: Sun Yu , Ku Meng‐Yun , Liu Chih‐Ching , Chien Li‐Nien 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveAmong motor vehicle crashes (MVCs), little is known about whether the characteristics and collision features involving drivers with epilepsy differ from those involving drivers without any history of epilepsy. We assessed MVC features and the effect of epilepsy diagnosis on the risk of severe crash‐related injuries among drivers.MethodsA total of 33 174 MVC events among people with epilepsy (PWE) and 663 480 MVC events of age‐ and sex‐matched non‐PWE (1:20) were selected. Crash‐related features that involved drivers with and without epilepsy were compared, including driver eligibility, medical history of comorbidities and medications, road and environmental conditions, and accident causes. Cox and logistic regression analyses were used to examine the risks of fatality and severe injury among drivers with and without epilepsy.ResultsPWE involved in MVCs were more likely to have lower socioeconomic status, comorbidities, scooter drivers without a qualified driver's license, driving under the influence of alcohol, and be involved in single‐vehicle accidents than non‐PWE. Drivers with epilepsy also had a higher risk of fatality within 30 days of MVC, with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.37 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20–1.57) and a higher risk of hospital admission within 3 days after MVC (aHR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.29–1.38) compared to that of non‐PWE.SignificanceThe characteristics of MVCs of drivers with epilepsy were distinct from those of non‐affected drivers. And higher fatality and injury rates were observed among drivers with epilepsy, which should be considered in further policymaking regarding safe driving of PWE.
Fish assemblages and first sale prices from local markets in the Lower Mekong River Basin
Authors: Lai Quan T. , Cowx Ian G. , Huy Hoang Duc , So Nam 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Mekong River is the most productive inland fishery in the world and identified as a valuable source of hydropower generation. Consequently, benefits of energy production must be traded off against impacts on other ecological and environmental services, especially on fisheries that have been largely downplayed. We surveyed fish markets in 12 provinces in the Lower Mekong River Basin (LMB) to quantify the diversity, abundance and prices of fish species and to account for potential impacts of water infrastructure and development projects. Of 116 species in nine major ecological guilds in markets, potamodromous main channel spawners were the most diverse guild that contributed 30% of species and were present in markets in all countries and sites, whereas anadromous species were the least diverse guild with two species in Vietnam only. More than 45% of fish recorded in local markets in Cambodia and more than 80% in Vietnam were small‐sized fish (<25 cm), whereas about 50% of fish marketed in Lao PDR and Thailand were large‐sized fish (>50 cm). Fish were sold by both size and species, with most species sold in only one size category. The first‐sale price was highest in Lao PDR, followed by Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia. Our findings provide primary ecological and economic information that can be used to estimate potential economic losses of fisheries when considering trade‐offs between energy and the environment.
Relationship between fish traits and the methane‐derived carbon contribution to fish in a shallow lake
Authors: Tsuchiya Kenji , Matsuzaki Shin‐ichiro S. , Kohzu Ayato 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Although the transfer of methane‐derived carbon (MDC) to benthic macroinvertebrates such as chironomid larvae and oligochaetes has been well documented, knowledge of the transfer of MDC to fish is limited.

We investigated the MDC contribution to 28 fish species through their growth stages and examined the relationship between fish traits including body size, and MDC contribution to fish within species in Lake Kasumigaura, Japan. We used carbon stable isotope ratios and a two‐source mixing model (methane‐oxidation bacteria [MOB] and particulate organic matter) to estimate the MDC contribution to fish.

The MDC contribution to individual fish ranged from 0% to 21.5%. Anguilla japonica showed the highest MDC contribution (mean 3.8%). Fish species were classified into four groups according to two criteria: (a) whether the correlation between the MDC contribution and fish size (within species) was significantly negative (negative vs. not significant; ns); and (b) whether the 90th percentile of MDC contribution was 0% or not. The mean MDC contribution was highest (2.18% ± 2.93%, 12 species) for the group with (a)ns/(b)>0%, including the high contribution species such as Abbottina rivularis (mean 5.5%) and Biwia zezera (mean 9.8%). This group (12 species) included relatively high numbers of benthic habitat use (eight species) and omnivores (nine species). The mean MDC contributions were almost zero for the group with (a)ns/(b)=0% (seven species), which included only two species of benthic habitat use and one species of omnivores. The mean MDC contributions were intermediate for the other groups with (a)negative/(b)>0% (1.30% ± 1.17%, seven species) and (a)negative/(b)=0% (0.10%, two species). The negative correlation between fish size within species and MDC contribution in groups with (a)negative/(b)>0% and (a)negative/(b)=0% indicated that ontogenetic habitat and dietary shifts induced changes in MDC transfer.

Our results suggest that 21 out of 28 fish species were involved in the MDC transfer in a shallow lake, but variation in MDC transfer could be explained by fish traits (trophic guild and habitat use). Although the mean MDC contribution to all fish species was low (0.61% ± 1.97%), the roughly estimated annual consumption rate of fish on MOB corresponded to approximately 10% of the MOB production in the sediment, suggesting that fish contribute to methane dynamics from the perspective of biogeochemical cycles.
RAD18‐ and BRCA1‐dependent pathways promote cellular tolerance to the nucleoside analog ganciclovir
Authors: Ahmad Tasnim , Kawasumi Ryotaro , Hirota Kouji 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGanciclovir (GCV) is a clinically important drug as it is used to treat viral infections. GCV is incorporated into the DNA during replication, where it interferes with subsequent replication on GCV‐incorporated templates. However, the effects of GCV on the host genome and the mechanisms underlying cellular tolerance to GCV remain unclear. In this study, we explored these mechanisms using a collection of mutant DT40 cells. We identified RAD17/−, BRCA1−/−, and RAD18−/− cells as highly GCV‐sensitive. RAD17, a component of the alternative checkpoint‐clamp loader RAD17‐RFC, was required for the activation of the intra‐S checkpoint following GCV treatment. BRCA1, a critical factor for promoting homologous recombination (HR), was required for suppressing DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs). Moreover, RAD18, an E3‐ligase involved in DNA repair, was critical in suppressing the aberrant ligation of broken chromosomes caused by GCV. We found that BRCA1 suppresses DSBs through HR‐mediated repair and template switching (TS)‐mediated damage bypass. Moreover, the strong GCV sensitivity of BRCA1−/− cells was rescued by the loss of 53BP1, despite the only partial restoration in the sister chromatid exchange events which are hallmarks of HR. These results indicate that BRCA1 promotes cellular tolerance to GCV through two mechanisms, TS and HR‐mediated repair.
Ultrahigh‐temperature tensile behaviors of ZrB2–SiC ceramics
Authors: Cheng Tianbao , Lv Jingwen , Nie Shuyan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractZrB2–SiC ceramics are the potential candidates for the ultrahigh‐temperature thermal protection materials of sharp‐bodied reentry and hypersonic vehicles. However, their ultrahigh‐temperature mechanical behaviors have been rarely reported. In the present work, an ultrahigh‐temperature testing method for the tensile properties of ceramics is proposed. The tensile behaviors of ZrB2–20 vol% SiC are studied up to 1950°C in air and to 2050°C in nitrogen atmosphere for the first time. The tensile stress–strain curves, Young's modulus, and tensile strength are obtained. The microstructure evolutions, including crystallization of sintering aids, grain recombination, and grain oxidation, are observed, and their effects on the tensile properties are analyzed. The mechanisms controlling the tensile behaviors at ultrahigh temperatures are revealed. The maximum operating temperature of ZrB2–SiC ceramics has been identified.
Behavioural Factors Influencing Consumer Acceptance of Sustainable Healthy Food: A Review and Research Agenda
Authors: Bourke Bríd C. , McCarthy Mary B. , McCarthy Sinéad N. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTHuman and planetary health goals have coalesced within consumer food choices. Food‐based dietary guidelines provide expert recommendations on what to eat, however, adherence is low and few include sustainability recommendations. This systematic review sought to extract consumer behavioural findings specifically related to ‘healthy sustainable diets’ to gain insights into the levers of food‐related behavioural change. Data analysed from 57 studies reveal that while 27 discrete behavioural theories underpinned conceptualisation of research, just three dominate this literature: Theory of Planned Behaviour, Transtheoretical Model and Social Practice Theory. Correspondingly, studies were mainly concerned with motivation, attitudes, intentions and practices. Promising research directions are emerging from investigations into the roles of emotions, meat attachment and types of knowledge. Those sustainable healthy food behaviours (SuHeFB) most investigated were meat consumption reduction, plant‐based food consumption, and alternative‐to‐animal protein food product acceptance. In addressing the perplexity surrounding consumer inertia in altering dietary habits, this review provides a comprehensive SuHeFB construct typology and a justification for directing research attention towards the phenomenon of amotivation. In addition, 31 future research questions are posited under six related SuHeFB themes.
Initiating or switching to insulin degludec/insulin aspart in a real‐world population of adults with type 2 diabetes in Australia: results from a prospective, non‐interventional study
Authors: Fulcher Gregory R. , Cohen Neale D. , Davies Katherine , d'Emden Michael , Glastras Sarah J. , Mah Peak M. , McCallum Roland W. , Moses Robert , Thong Ken Y. , Roberts Anthony 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundInsulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp) is a fixed‐ratio co‐formulation of insulin degludec and insulin aspart for the treatment of people with diabetes and suboptimal glycaemic control. Few real‐world studies of IDegAsp treatment have been conducted. Here, we report results from the Australian cohort of the global ARISE study of real‐world IDegAsp use.AimsTo investigate glycaemic control and other clinical outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) treated with IDegAsp in a real‐world setting in Australia.MethodsA total of 183 adults with T2D initiating or switching to IDegAsp in the Australian cohort of the open‐label, non‐interventional ARISE study were followed for 26–36 weeks from August 2019 to December 2020.ResultsIDegAsp was associated with significant reductions from baseline to end of study (EOS) in mean glycated haemoglobin (estimated change −0.8% (95% confidence interval (CI): −1.05 to −0.56; P < 0.0001)), fasting plasma glucose (−1.6 mmol/L (95% CI: −2.49 to −0.63; P = 0.0017)) and body weight (−2.6 kg (95% CI: −3.68 to −1.55; P < 0.0001)). In insulin‐experienced patients, the mean total daily insulin dose did not change significantly (estimated change from baseline to EOS 3.8 (95% CI: –3.70 to 11.21; P = 0.3202)). The proportion of patients experiencing hypoglycaemia numerically decreased during the study (non‐severe: 14.2–10.9%; nocturnal non‐severe: 4.9–2.2%; and severe: 2.2–0%).ConclusionsInitiating or switching to IDegAsp in a real‐world population of people with T2D in Australia was associated with significant improvements in glycaemic control and body weight, and numerically lower levels of hypoglycaemia compared with baseline.
Nurses Supporting Nurses: A Model for Providing Mental Health Services During War
Authors: Segev Ronen , Levi Galit , Segalovich Jenny 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTNurses routinely face psychological challenges as part of their work, acutely so during times of crises when nurses may treat many severely injured and dying patients. While the need for such support is well documented in the literature, mental health support programmes aimed at healthcare workers, even when available, are often underutilised, especially by nurses. To gain insights about needed mental health supports for nurses and programme implementation, this study examines a programme launched following a surprise attack on Israel on 7 October, 2023, resulting in thousands of deaths and injuries and precipitating a war. The programme deployed 30 volunteer nurses trained in cognitive behavioural therapy, trauma support and mental health first aid to offer up to three, anonymous, 30‐min online therapy sessions to nurses around Israel in December 2023. Using a qualitative descriptive design, we engaged 22 of these volunteers in one of the three focus groups lasting 60–90 min each. Our findings highlight a range of mental health issues—among both the volunteers and therapy recipients—as well as barriers to providing mental health support to nurses. The importance of normalising the pursuit of mental health support in nursing education and ensuring the availability of support in healthcare organisations was emphasised.
The impact of democracy on liquidity and information asymmetry for NYSE cross‐listed stocks
Authors: Kim Jang‐Chul , Su Qing , Elliott Teressa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe investigate the empirical relationship between a country's democracy level, measured using the Democracy Index's five categories (electoral process and pluralism, the functioning of government, political participation, political culture, and civil liberties), and market liquidity for non‐US stocks listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) from 2014 to 2019. Our analysis shows that non‐US stocks from countries with stronger democratic institutions have narrower spreads, a higher market quality index, smaller price impacts of trades, and lower probabilities of information‐based trading. We also find a significant correlation between changes in our liquidity measures and variations in a country's overall democracy level over time. Our results suggest that improving a country's level of democracy can enhance the market liquidity and quality of non‐US stocks, thus benefiting investors and promoting the overall stability and efficiency of financial markets.
Induction of ventricular fibrillation during programmed ventricular stimulation in a patient with CASQ2 heterozygous mutation
Authors: Frontera Antonio , Mazzanti Andrea , Belhassen Bernard , Priori Silvia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionWe report the case of a 37‐year‐old male athlete, who developed during exercise atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. No structural heart disease.ResultsInvasive programmed ventricular stimulation induced ventricular fibrillation. A heterozygous mutation in the CASQ2 gene (c.775G>T, p.E259X) was found.ConclusionsThe findings in our patient may suggest some increased ventricular excitability using programmed ventricular stimulation in CASQ2 polymorphic ventricular tachycardia patients.
Distribution of antral lesions with the novel size‐adjustable cryoballoon for pulmonary vein isolation and the differences based on left atrial remodeling
Authors: Goto Kentaro , Miyazaki Shinsuke , Negishi Miho , Ikenouchi Takashi , Yamamoto Tasuku , Kawamura Iwanari , Nishimura Takuro , Takamiya Tomomasa , Tao Susumu , Takigawa Masateru , Sasano Tetsuo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe novel cryoballoon with 28 mm or 31 mm adjustable diameters, aims to achieve a wide antral pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). However, the distribution of antral lesions and their variations based on left atrial (LA) remodeling require further clarification.MethodsWe evaluated 22 patients (67 [59.5–74.8] years, 19 males) who underwent PVI of atrial fibrillation (AF) (13 paroxysmal AF [PAF] and 9 non‐PAF) using size‐adjustable cryoballoons. LA electro‐anatomical mapping was performed post‐PVI with three‐dimensional mapping systems. We assessed the shapes of the LA and pulmonary veins (PVs) and the distribution of isolated areas (IAs), comparing the results between PAF and non‐PAF patients.ResultsIn the left PVs (LPVs), the distance between the PV orifice and IA edge (PVos‐IA) was larger on the roof and posterior segments (~15 mm) but relatively smaller on the anterior segment near the PV ridge (<10 mm). For the right PVs (RPVs), it was more extensive in the posterior segment (10–15 mm). Comparing PAF and non‐PAF, there were no significant differences in the PVos‐IA except for the right posterior‐carina segment, antrum IA (LPVs: 5.9 ± 1.6 vs. 5.8 ± 0.8 cm², p = .81; RPVs: 4.8 ± 2.3 vs. 4.8 ± 1.2 cm², p = .81), distances between the right and left IAs on the LA posterior wall (LAPW), and un‐isolated LAPW area (9.0 ± 4.9 vs. 9.9 ± 2.5 cm², p = .62). No individual PVIs were observed in either group. Two patients exhibited overlapping IAs on the roof, and one patient who underwent 31 mm balloon applications for all PVs exhibited an LAPW isolation.ConclusionThe size‐adjustable cryoballoon achieved a wide antral PVI even in non‐PAF patients.