bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective effects of ranolazine and propranolol, alone or combined, on the structural and functional alterations of cardiomyocyte mitochondria in a pig model of ischemia/reperfusion
Authors: Dehina Leila , Descotes Jacques , Chevalier Philippe , Bui‐Xuan Bernard , Romestaing Caroline , Dizerens Nicole , Mamou Zahida , Timour Quadiri 
Published: April 2013

AbstractPreventing the consequences of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)‐induced lesions in the clinic requires the administration of pharmacological agents prior to restoring coronary vascularization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ranolazine and propranolol when administered either alone or combined prior to I/R induction in a pig model. Thirty domestic pigs were randomly assigned to five groups of six animals including (i) sham animals; (ii) untreated animals with 45‐min ischemia and 1‐min reperfusion; animals administered intravenously with (iii) ranolazine, or (iv) propranolol, or (v) both combined, prior to 45‐min ischemia and 1‐min reperfusion. The heart rate (HR), duration of monophasic action potentials (dMAP), and peak of the time derivative of left ventricular pressure (LV dP/dt max) were measured during ischemia and after 1 min of reperfusion. Structural and functional parameters of mitochondria were analyzed in tissue samples taken from the left ventricle ischemic area at the end of the experiment. I/R induced expected effects, namely accelerated HR, decreased dMAP and LV dP/dt max, and altered mitochondrial structural and functional parameters including decreased oxygen consumption, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and reduced calcium retention capacity resulting in the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTP). Ranolazine and propranolol administered either alone or combined prior to I/R significantly decreased all of these deleterious consequences. The protective effects of ranolazine and propranolol are seemingly due to the prevention of calcium overload and resulting lesions in mitochondria.
Establishing a harmonized haemophilia registry for countries with developing health care systems
Authors: Alzoebie A. , Belhani M. , Eshghi P. , Kupesiz A. O. , Ozelo M. , Pompa M. T. , Potgieter J. , Smith M. 
Published: April 2013

SummaryOver recent decades tremendous progress has been made in diagnosing and treating haemophilia and, in resource‐rich countries, life expectancy of people with haemophilia (PWH) is now close to that of a healthy person. However, an estimated 70% of PWH are not diagnosed or are undertreated; the majority of whom live in countries with developing health care systems. In these countries, designated registries for people with haemophilia are often limited and comprehensive information on the natural history of the disease and treatment outcomes is lacking. Taken together, this means that planning efforts for future treatment and care of affected individuals is constrained in countries where it is most needed. Establishment of standardized national registries in these countries would be a step towards obtaining reliable sociodemographic and clinical data for an entire country. A series of consensus meetings with experts from widely differing countries with different health care systems took place to discuss concerns specific to countries with developing health care systems. As a result of these discussions, recommendations are made on parameters to include when establishing and harmonizing national registries. Such recommendations should enable countries with developing health care systems to establish standardized national haemophilia registries. Although not a primary objective, the recommendations should also help standardized data collation on an international level, enabling treatment and health care trends to be monitored across groups of countries and providing data for advocacy purposes. Greater standardization of data collation should have implications for optimizing resources for haemophilia care both nationally and internationally.
Trajectories of Parenting During Infancy: The Role of Infant Temperament and Marital Adjustment for Mothers and Fathers
Authors: Planalp Elizabeth M. , Braungart‐Rieker Julia M. , Lickenbrock Diane M. , Zentall Shannon R. 
Published: April 2013

Although it is well accepted that parents greatly impact infant development, it is less clear which factors impact change in quantity and quality of parenting across infancy. This longitudinal study (N = 120 families) investigated how infant temperament and marital adjustment related to trajectories of mother and father involvement and sensitivity across infancy using multilevel models. Parental involvement (caregiving and play), infant temperament (surgency, negative affectivity, regulation), and marital adjustment were assessed from questionnaires when the infant was 3, 5, 7, 12, 14, and 20 months of age; parental sensitivity was coded from two episodes of the Still‐Face Paradigm in early infancy (3, 5, and 7 months). On average, mothers showed higher levels of caregiving, play, and sensitivity than fathers. Mother caregiving, play, and sensitivity increased over time. Father caregiving and play also increased over time, whereas sensitivity did not change with age. Happier marriages were related to increased play for both mothers and fathers. Infant surgency was also significantly related to caregiving, play, and sensitivity trajectories for mothers but not fathers. Findings are discussed in relation to parenting roles and family dynamics.
A clinical and histopathological study of histoid leprosy
Authors: Pradeep Nair Sukumaran , Nanda Kumar Gopinathan 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundHistoid leprosy (HL) is a rare variant of lepromatous leprosy presenting with well‐defined smooth shiny papules and nodules. This can mimic many other dermatoses and can be missed clinically.MethodsThis is a retrospective 10‐year study. Data were obtained and analyzed from case records of the urban leprosy clinic at the Government Medical College, Trivandrum, Kerala (India).ResultsThere were 17 cases of HL in this study. The male/female ratio was 16 : 1 and the 41–50‐year‐old age group accounted for the maximum number of cases (six, 35.29%); 11 cases (64.70%) were de novo cases of HL. Papules were the commonest skin lesions encountered (17, 100%), while the upper and lower limbs and trunk were the most common sites involved (11, 64.70%). Earlobe infiltration was seen in 10 cases (58.82%). Lepra reactions were seen in four (23.52%) cases. Deformity/disability occurred only in two cases (11.76%). The mean morphological index was 30.58%, while the mean bacteriological index was 5.17. Epidermal atrophy and a well‐circumscribed dermal area packed with spindle‐shaped histiocytes and positive for acid‐fast bacilli were the main histopathological features seen.ConclusionsThe majority of cases in this study were de novo. HL can occur even when there is no history of inadequate or irregular treatment. Papules rather than nodules were the most common skin lesions seen. Earlobe infiltration was seen in the majority of cases unlike that reported in the literature. Lepra reactions are very rare in HL.
Reconstruction of upper eyelid and medial canthus following basal cell carcinoma resection: a successful one‐stage repair with three local flaps
Authors: Yan Jianliang , Liu Lunfei , Qian Jiange 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundExcision of upper eyelid skin cancer often leads to moderate to large defect. Numerous procedures are available to reconstruct such defects, and the reconstructive path chosen should be individualized for each patient. The aim of the reconstruction is a movable eyelid, perfect corneal protection, good aesthetic quality, and acceptable sequelae at the donor site. The purpose of this paper was to present a unique one‐stage eyelid reconstruction procedure.MethodsA 79‐year‐old male suffered from a skin carcinoma on his left medial canthus, which also involved medial tarsal palate of the upper eyelid. The carcinoma was excised by Mohs micrographic surgery, resulting in a 24 × 10 mm tissue defect on the upper eyelid and medial canthus. A tarsoconjunctival flap pedicled superiorly with the levator aponeurosis, Müller's muscle, and conjunctiva, was designed to reconstruct the posterior lamellar defect. The anterior lamellar defect was repaired with two local skin flaps.ResultsThe tarsoconjunctival flap and skin flaps survived well. At the third month postoperative visit, the patient was symptom free, and there was no donor site morbidity at the site where tarsus was taken or at the skin flap donor sites. Complete eyelid closure was maintained.ConclusionsReconstruction of moderate to large upper eyelid defects with the similar one‐stage procedure is recommended.
Getting Lost on the Way to the Party: Ambivalence, Indifference, and Defection with Evidence from Two Presidential Elections
Authors: Thornton Judd R. 
Published: April 2013

ObjectivesBuilding on work noting the difference between ambivalence and indifference, and long‐standing theories of partisanship, this article seeks to examine the extent to which ambivalence and indifference differ in their impact on the likelihood of individuals defecting from their party when voting.MethodsExamining two national surveys, the voting behavior of ambivalent, indifferent, and one‐sided individuals are compared.ResultsIt is shown that indifferent individuals are the most likely to defect from their partisanship and vote for the other major party or a third party and one‐sided the least.ConclusionThose who are indifferent toward the parties are distinct from those with one‐sided or ambivalent evaluations, and this difference leads to a greater likelihood of voting against one's party in presidential elections.
Fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) target strength measurements
Authors: Bernasconi Matteo , Patel Ruben , Nøttestad Leif , Brierley Andrew S. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractActive acoustic techniques can be used to detect whales. The ability to detect whales from a moving vessel or stationary buoy could reduce conflicts between hazardous human activities and whales, enabling implementation of mitigation procedures. In order to identify acoustic targets correctly as whales, knowledge of whale target strength (TS) is required. Active acoustic detections of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) were made in the Norwegian Sea; acoustic data were collected using calibrated omnidirectional sonar, operating at a discrete frequency of 110 kHz. Three fin whales of similar size (estimated between 16 and 18 m total length) had an overall average TS for all insonified body aspects of −11.4 dB [95% CI −12.05, −10.8] at 110 kHz, with a total spread of nearly 14 dB. As expected, the received signals were stronger when the fin whales were insonified at broadside (−5.6 dB). Individual fin whale TS varied by approximately 12 dB, probably due to variation in lung volume with breathing, and to dynamic swimming kinematics. Our TS values are consistent with values reported previously for other large whales. All data together pave the way for development of automated acoustic whale detection protocols that could aid whale conservation.
Metabolic responses of Quercus ilex seedlings to wounding analysed with nuclear magnetic resonance profiling
Authors: Sardans J. , Gargallo‐Garriga A. , Pérez‐Trujillo M. , Parella T.J. , Seco R. , Filella I. , Peñuelas J. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractPlants defend themselves against herbivory at several levels. One of these is the synthesis of inducible chemical defences. Using NMR metabolomic techniques, we studied the metabolic changes of plant leaves after a wounding treatment simulating herbivore attack in the Mediterranean sclerophyllous tree Quercus ilex. First, an increase in glucose content was observed in wounded plants. There was also an increase in the content of C‐rich secondary metabolites such as quinic acid and quercitol, both related to the shikimic acid pathway and linked to defence against biotic stress. There was also a shift in N‐storing amino acids, from leucine and isoleucine to asparagine and choline. The observed higher content of asparagine is related to the higher content of choline through serine that was proved to be the precursor of choline. Choline is a general anti‐herbivore and pathogen deterrent. The study shows the rapid metabolic response of Q. ilex in defending its leaves, based on a rapid increase in the production of quinic acid, quercitol and choline. The results also confirm the suitability of 1H NMR‐based metabolomic profiling studies to detect global metabolome shifts after wounding stress in tree leaves, and therefore its suitability in ecometabolomic studies.
Multidimensional Future Time Perspective as Moderators of the Relationships between Suicide Motivation, Preparation, and Its Predictors
Authors: Chin Jacqueline , Holden Ronald R. 
Published: April 2013

The moderating impact of future time perspective (FTP) components on the relationships of hopelessness, depressive symptoms, and psychache with suicide motivation and preparation was investigated. In a sample of first year college students (N = 87) recruited on the basis of elevated suicide ideation and depressive symptoms, future thinking, optimism, and future connectedness attenuated the relationship of suicide motivation with depressive symptoms and hopelessness. Future thinking moderated the impact of depressive symptoms on suicide preparation. No moderating effects were found for psychache. This study demonstrates thatFTPmay buffer against the worst effects of salient suicide predictors among high‐risk students.
The Legal Assessment of the Illegal Fishing Activities of Chinese Fishing Vessels: A Focus on Detention of Foreign Vessels
Authors: Lee Seokwoo , Park Young Kil 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
On April 20, decisions were issued in two cases concerning Chinese sailors engaged in illegal fishing activities. In one case, a Korean Coast Guard officer was stabbed to death in December 2011 in the process of detaining an illegal Chinese fishing vessel. The trial court, Incheon District Court – Criminal Division, handed down a 30 year prison term and fine of 20 million won to the captain of the Chinese vessel, Luwenyu no. 29, who was responsible for the stabbing. The other sailors and the captain of another Chinese vessel, Lihaoyu, were sentenced between 18 months to 5 years in prison for interfering with the detention.1 The other case occurred in November 2011 where, in the process of detaining a Chinese fishing vessel that had intruded upon Korean territorial waters northwest of Chujado of Jeju to engage in fishing activities, Chinese sailors wounded 5 Korean Coast Guard officers, inflicting upon them injuries that required 2 to 7 weeks of recuperation. The Jeju Regional Court, an appellate court, affirmed the decision of the trial court – which sentenced the Chinese captain to one year and the other two sailors to 14 months – and dismissed the appeals.2 The two cases show a strong determination on the part of the judiciary to deal with the systematic and violent resistance to the prevention of illegal fishing.
This paper is a legal analysis of the detention of foreign vessels engaging in illegal fishing. It first looks at the international and domestic regulations concerning illegal fishing, and then proceeds to discuss the issues of security and immediate release following arrest.
Rapid and complete decompression of chronic urinary retention: a safe and effective practice
Authors: Ahmed M , Abubakar A , Lawal At , Bello A , Maitama Hy , Mbibu Hn 
Published: April 2013

Summary We carried out a prospective study of consecutive patients who presented with chronic urinary retention over a period of 2 years in order to determine the safety and effectiveness of rapid and complete decompression of chronic urinary retention. A total of 22 patients met the inclusion criteria. Although slow decompression is thought to reduce complications, it harbours the disadvantages of impracticability, time and labour demands and an increased risk of infection. Post-obstructive diuresis, haematuria and hypotension are relatively frequent in rapid and complete decompression of chronic urinary retention. However, they are mild, transient and clinically insignificant. Rapid and complete decompression of the chronically obstructed urinary bladder not only saves time, it is safe and effective and should be adopted as the standard practice.
Peripheral gangrene in Plasmodium vivax malaria: a rare manifestation
Authors: Arora Neha , Gogna Arun , Kumar Dilip , Puri Karan 
Published: April 2013

Summary Symmetrical peripheral gangrene (SPG) is an extremely rare complication of malaria that has been well described in multiple case reports of Plasmodium falciparum and mixed infection. We present a case of malaria with isolated Pl. vivax infection complicated by SPG. This index case is the first reported case of peripheral gangrene involving bilateral hands and feet in Pl. vivax infection in an adult.
Atypical manifestations of viral hepatitis A and E
Authors: Jain Jenisha , Jain Mayank 
Published: April 2013

Summary Acute viral hepatitis A and E (HAV/HEV) are usually self-limiting illnesses. However, they can have atypical presentations which lead to increased morbidity and mortality. We studied 81 patients from all age groups admitted with these infections at our centre over a 1 year period. Acute liver failure, prolonged cholestasis, ascites and haemolysis are common atypical manifestations of acute viral HAV and HEV. Relapsing hepatitis, ascites and double peak jaundice were seen more often in the paediatric age group.
How I diagnose acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Huisman Menno V. , Klok Frederikus A. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The clinical diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is frequently considered in patients presenting to the emergency department or when hospitalized. Since symptoms are a-specific and the consequences of anticoagulant treatment are considerable, objective tests to either establish or refute the diagnosis have become a standard of care. Computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA), which has replaced pulmonary angiography as first-line imaging test, is associated with radiation exposure, several complications resulting from contrast dye administration, and over diagnosis. Importantly, CTPA can be avoided in 20% to 30% of patients who present with a first or recurrent episode of clinically suspected acute PE by using a standardized algorithm. This algorithm should always include a clinical decision rule to assess the likelihood that PE is present, followed by a D-dimer blood test and/or CTPA. The aim of this review is to provide clinicians this practical diagnostic management approach using evidence from the literature.
Meta-analysis of variables affecting mouse protection efficacy of whole organism Brucella vaccines and vaccine candidates
Authors: Todd Thomas E , Tibi Omar , Lin Yu , Sayers Samantha , Bronner Denise N , Xiang Zuoshuang , He Yongqun 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundVaccine protection investigation includes three processes: vaccination, pathogen challenge, and vaccine protection efficacy assessment. Many variables can affect the results of vaccine protection.Brucella, a genus of facultative intracellular bacteria, is the etiologic agent of brucellosis in humans and multiple animal species. Extensive research has been conducted in developing effective live attenuatedBrucellavaccines. We hypothesized that some variables play a more important role than others in determining vaccine protective efficacy. UsingBrucellavaccines and vaccine candidates as study models, this hypothesis was tested by meta-analysis ofBrucellavaccine studies reported in the literature.ResultsNineteen variables related to vaccine-induced protection of mice against infection with virulent brucellae were selected based on modeling investigation of the vaccine protection processes. The variable "vaccine protection efficacy" was set as a dependent variable while the other eighteen were set as independent variables. Discrete or continuous values were collected from papers for each variable of each data set. In total, 401 experimental groups were manually annotated from 74 peer-reviewed publications containing mouse protection data for live attenuatedBrucellavaccines or vaccine candidates. Our ANOVA analysis indicated that nine variables contributed significantly (P-value < 0.05) toBrucellavaccine protection efficacy: vaccine strain, vaccination host (mouse) strain, vaccination dose, vaccination route, challenge pathogen strain, challenge route, challenge-killing interval, colony forming units (CFUs) in mouse spleen, and CFU reduction compared to control group. The other 10 variables (e.g., mouse age, vaccination-challenge interval, and challenge dose) were not found to be statistically significant (P-value > 0.05). The protection level of RB51 was sacrificed when the values of several variables (e.g., vaccination route, vaccine viability, and challenge pathogen strain) change. It is suggestive that it is difficult to protect against aerosol challenge. Somewhat counter-intuitively, our results indicate that intraperitoneal and subcutaneous vaccinations are much more effective to protect against aerosolBrucellachallenge than intranasal vaccination.ConclusionsLiterature meta-analysis identified variables that significantly contribute toBrucellavaccine protection efficacy. The results obtained provide critical information for rational vaccine study design. Literature meta-analysis is generic and can be applied to analyze variables critical for vaccine protection against other infectious diseases.
MicroRNA-495 inhibits proliferation of glioblastoma multiforme cells by downregulating cyclin-dependent kinase 6
Authors: Chen Shu-Mei , Chen Hua-Chien , Chen Shu-Jen , Huang Chiung-Yin , Chen Pin-Yuan , Wu Tai-Wei Erich , Feng Ly-Ying , Tsai Hong-Chieh , Lui Tai-Ngar , Hsueh Chuen , Wei Kuo-Chen 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive type of glioma and carries the poorest chances of survival. There is therefore an urgent need to understand the mechanisms of glioma tumorigenesis and develop or improve therapeutics. The aim of this study was to assess the possible prognostic value of cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) and the effects of microRNA-495 (miR-495) manipulation on CDK6 expression and cell survival in glioma cells.

Methods
Analyses of clinical specimens from GBM patients were used. Expression of CDK6 was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Expression of CDK6 was also analyzed after over-expression of miR-495 in T98 cells; both cell proliferation and RB phosphorylation were examined. Cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and RB phosphorylation were also examined after knockdown of CDK6 in U87-MG and T98 cells.

Results
Analyses of clinical specimens from GBM patients identified that CDK6 is significantly expressed in gliomas. CDK6 antigen expression was higher in tumor cores and margins than in adjacent normal brain tissues, and higher levels of CDK6 expression in the tumor margin correlated with decreased survival. Over-expression of miR-495 in T98 cells downregulated the expression of CDK6 and inhibited retinoblastoma phosphorylation, and knockdown of CDK6 in U87-MG and T98 cells by siRNAs resulted in cell cycle arrest at the G1/S transition and inhibition of cell proliferation.

Conclusions
This study revealed miR-495 is down-regulated in glioma tissues. Furthermore, miR-495 regulated CDK6 expression and involved in glioma cell growth inhibition, which indicated the possible role of miR-495 in tumor progression.