bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reporting quality of published reviews of commercial and publicly available mobile health apps (mHealth app reviews): a scoping review protocol
Authors: Gasteiger Norina , Norman Gill , Grainger Rebecca , Eost-Telling Charlotte , Jones Debra , Ali Syed Mustafa , van der Veer Sabine N , Ford Claire R , Hall Alex , Law Kate , Byerly Matthew , Davies Alan , Paripoorani Deborah , Shi Chunhu , Dowding Dawn 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionReviews of commercial and publicly available smartphone (mobile) health applications (mHealth app reviews) are being undertaken and published. However, there is variation in the conduct and reporting of mHealth app reviews, with no existing reporting guidelines. Building on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we aim to develop the Consensus for APP Review Reporting Items (CAPPRRI) guidance, to support the conduct and reporting of mHealth app reviews. This scoping review of published mHealth app reviews will explore their alignment, deviation, and modification to the PRISMA 2020 items for systematic reviews and identify a list of possible items to include in CAPPRRI.Method and analysisWe are following the Joanna Briggs Institute approach and Arksey and O’Malley’s five-step process. Patient and public contributors, mHealth app review, digital health research and evidence synthesis experts, healthcare professionals and a specialist librarian gave feedback on the methods. We will search SCOPUS, CINAHL Plus, AMED, EMBASE, Medline, APA PsycINFO and the ACM Digital Library for articles reporting mHealth app reviews and use a two-step screening process to identify eligible articles. Information on whether the authors have reported, or how they have modified the PRISMA 2020 items in their reporting, will be extracted. Data extraction will also include the article characteristics, protocol and registration information, review question frameworks used, information about the search and screening process, how apps have been evaluated and evidence of stakeholder engagement. This will be analysed using a content synthesis approach and presented using descriptive statistics and summaries. This protocol is registered on OSF (https://osf.io/5ahjx).Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journal publications (shared on our project website and on the EQUATOR Network website where the CAPPRRI guidance has been registered as under development), conference presentations and blog and social media posts in lay language.
Suicidal behaviours and associated factors among medical students in Bangladesh: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis (2000–2024)
Authors: Rahman Mantaka , Kabir M H M Imrul , Sultana Sharmin , Shimu Afroza Tamanna , Griffiths Mark D 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionSuicidal behaviour is common among medical students, and the prevalence rates might vary across various regions. Even though various systematic reviews have been conducted to assess suicidal behaviours among medical students in general, no review has ever assessed or carried out a sub-analysis to show the burden of suicidal behaviours among Bangladeshi medical students.Methods and analysisThe research team will search the PubMed (Medline), Scopus, PsycINFO and Google Scholar databases for papers published between January 2000 and May 2024 using truncated and phrase-searched keywords and relevant subject headings. Cross-sectional studies, case series, case reports and cohort studies published in English will be included in the review. Review papers, commentaries, preprints, meeting abstracts, protocols and letters will be excluded. Two reviewers will screen the retrieved papers independently. Disagreements between two reviewers will be resolved by a third reviewer. Exposure will be different factors that initiate suicidal behaviours among medical students. The prevalence of suicidal behaviours (suicidal ideation, suicide plans and suicide attempts) in addition to the factors responsible, and types of suicide method will be extracted. Narrative synthesis and meta-analysis will be conducted and the findings will be summarised. For enhanced visualisation of the included studies, forest plots will be constructed. Heterogeneity among the studies will be assessed and sensitivity analysis will be conducted based on study quality. Included studies will be critically appraised using Joanna Briggs’s Institutional critical appraisal tools developed for different study designs.Ethics and disseminationThe study will synthesise evidence extracted from published studies. As the review does not involve the collection of primary data, ethical approval will not be required. Findings will be disseminated orally (eg, conferences, webinars) and in writing (ie, journal paper).PROSPERO registration numberCDR 42023493595.
Rationale and design of the Self-TI Study protocol: a cross-sectional human papillomavirus self-testing pilot study among transgender adults in England
Authors: Jackson Sarah S , O’Callaghan Stewart , Ward Elanore , Orkin Chloe M , Clarke Megan A , Berner Alison May 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionPersistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causal agent of several cancers including cervical, anal and oropharyngeal cancer. Transgender men and transmasculine non-binary (TMNB) people with a cervix are much less likely to undergo cervical cancer screening than cisgender women. Transgender women and transfeminine non-binary (TWNB) people assigned male at birth may be at increased risk of HPV. Both TMNB and TWNB people face many barriers to HPV testing including medical mistrust due to stigma and discrimination.Methods and analysisThe Self-TI Study (Self-TI) is a pilot study designed to measure acceptability and feasibility of HPV self-testing among transgender and non-binary people in England. TMNB people aged 25–65 years, with at least 1 year of testosterone, and TWNB people, aged 18 years and over, are eligible to participate. Participants self-collect up to four samples: an oral rinse, a first void urine sample, a vaginal swab (if applicable) and an anal swab. TMNB participants are asked to have an additional clinician-collected cervical swab taken following their routine Cervical Screening Programme sample. TWNB people are asked to take a self-collection kit to perform additional self-collection at home and mail the samples back to the clinic. Acceptability is assessed by a self-administered online survey and feasibility is measured as the proportion of samples returned in the clinic and from home.Ethics and disseminationSelf-TI received ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee of Wales 4 and ethical review panel within the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics at the US National Cancer Institute. Self-TI was coproduced by members of the transgender and non-binary community, who served as authors, collaborators and members of the patient and public involvement (PPI) group. Results of this study will be shared with the community prior to being published in peer-reviewed journals and the PPI group will help to design the results dissemination strategy. The evidence generated from this pilot study could be used to inform a larger, international study of HPV self-testing in the transgender and non-binary community.Trial registration numberNCT05883111.
Understanding the preferences of young adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus with regard to diabetes self-management education: a qualitative study
Authors: Sim Richard Ren Jie , Soon Winnie , Smith Helen E , Griva Konstadina , Wong Sabrina Kay Wye 
Published: July 2024

AimYoung-onset type 2 diabetes (YOD) is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. To support the development of more effective diabetes self-management education (DSME) programmes, this study aimed to understand the preferences of young adults with YOD in relation to the modality, content and qualities of DSME.MethodsMaximal variation sampling was employed to recruit participants of varied age, ethnicity and marital status. In-depth interviews using a semistructured questionnaire were conducted. Subsequently, thematic analysis with coding and conceptualisation of data was applied to identify the main themes regarding DSME.Results21 young adult participants aged 22–39 years were interviewed from three polyclinics in Singapore. The most used modalities for DSME included education from healthcare providers, information and support from family and friends and information from internet sources. Participants were most interested in information regarding diet, age-specific diabetes-related conditions and medication effects. Additionally, participants valued DSME that was credible, accessible, individualised and empathetic. Conversely, absence of the above qualities and stigma hindered participants from receiving DSME.ConclusionOur study explored the preferences of young adults with YOD with regard to DSME, identifying the most used modalities, preferred content and qualities that were valued by young adults. Our findings will help inform the development of DSME programmes that can better meet the needs and preferences of young adults with YOD.
Homes Heat Health protocol: an observational cohort study measuring the effect of summer temperatures on sleep quality
Authors: Lomas Kevin , Morgan Kevin , Haines Victoria , Hartescu Iuliana , Beizaee Arash , Barnes Jo , Zambelli Zoe , Ravikumar Monisha , Rossi Vincenzo 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionQuality sleep is essential to our health and well-being. Summertime temperatures in the bedrooms of homes in temperate climates are increasing, especially in city apartments. There is very little empirical evidence of the effect of temperature on sleep when people are sleeping in their own bedroom. The Homes Heat Health project seeks to develop a measurable definition of temperature-related sleep disturbance and the effects on health, and so produce a credible criterion for identifying overheating in new and existing homes.Methods and analysisA cohort of at least 95 people that live in London apartments and who are free of significant personal and health factors that could affect sleep are being recruited for an ongoing observational cohort study. A baseline questionnaire determines their customary sleep patterns and health. The geometrical form and thermal characteristics of their apartments is being recorded along with temperature, relative humidity and in some apartments CO2levels, throughout one summer. Actigraphy records nightly sleep disturbance and every morning an app-based diary captures perceived sleep quality. Questionnaires following spells of hot weather capture changes in sleep pattern, sleep quality, and consequential health and well-being.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was approved by the Loughborough University ethics committee. The participants will receive both verbal and written information explaining the purpose of the study, what is expected of them, the incentives for participating and the feedback that will be provided. The results will be reported bi-annually to a project advisory board. Presentations will be made at conferences and the methods, intermediary and final results, in academic journals. Informing government bodies, professional organisations, construction industry representatives and housing providers is of particular importance.
Periodontitis in patients with diabetes and its association with diabetes-related complications. A register-based cohort study
Authors: Trullenque-Eriksson Anna , Tomasi Cristiano , Eeg-Olofsson Katarina , Berglundh Tord , Petzold Max , Derks Jan 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between type 1 diabetes (T1D)/type 2 diabetes (T2D) and periodontitis and assess the influence of periodontitis on diabetes-related complications.DesignObservational study; longitudinal analysis of register data.SettingSwedish primary care centres, hospitals and dental clinics reporting to nationwide healthcare registers (2010–2020).Participants28 801 individuals with T1D (13 022 women; mean age 42 years) and 57 839 individuals without diabetes (non-T1D; 26 271 women; mean age 43 years). 251 645 individuals with T2D (110 627 women; mean age 61 years) and 539 805 individuals without diabetes (non-T2D; 235 533 women; mean age 60 years). Diabetes and non-diabetes groups were matched for age, gender and county of residence.Main outcome measuresPrevalent periodontitis, diabetes-related complications (retinopathy, albuminuria, stroke and ischaemic heart disease) and mortality.ResultsPeriodontitis was more common among T2D (22%) than non-T2D (17%). Differences were larger in younger age groups (adjusted RR at age 30–39 years 1.92; 95% CI 1.81 to 2.03) and exacerbated by poor glycaemic control. Periodontitis prevalence was 13% in T1D and 11% in non-T1D; only the subgroup with poor glycaemic control was at higher risk for periodontitis. Periodontitis was associated with a higher incidence of retinopathy (T1D: HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.14; T2D: HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.10) and albuminuria (T1D: HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.23; T2D: HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.11). Periodontitis was not associated with a higher risk for stroke, cardiovascular disease or higher mortality in T1D/T2D.ConclusionsThe association between T2D and periodontitis was strong and exacerbated by poor glycaemic control. For T1D, the association to periodontitis was limited to subgroups with poor glycaemic control. Periodontitis contributed to an increased risk for retinopathy and albuminuria in T1D and T2D.
Genetically engineering glycolysis in T cells increases their antitumor function
Authors: Toledano Zur Raphaëlle , Atar Orna , Barliya Tilda , Hoogi Shiran , Abramovich Ifat , Gottlieb Eyal , Ron-Harel Noga , Cohen Cyrille J 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundT cells play a central role in the antitumor response. However, they often face numerous hurdles in the tumor microenvironment, including the scarcity of available essential metabolites such as glucose and amino acids. Moreover, cancer cells can monopolize these resources to thrive and proliferate by upregulating metabolite transporters and maintaining a high metabolic rate, thereby outcompeting T cells.MethodsHerein, we sought to improve T-cell antitumor function in the tumor vicinity by enhancing their glycolytic capacity to better compete with tumor cells. To achieve this, we engineered human T cells to express a key glycolysis enzyme, phosphofructokinase, in conjunction with Glucose transporter 3, a glucose transporter. We co-expressed these, along with tumor-specific chimeric antigen or T-cell receptors.ResultsEngineered cells demonstrated an increased cytokine secretion and upregulation of T-cell activation markers compared with control cells. Moreover, they displayed superior glycolytic capacity, which translated into an improved in vivo therapeutic potential in a xenograft model of human tumors.ConclusionIn summary, these findings support the implementation of T-cell metabolic engineering to enhance the efficacy of cellular immunotherapies for cancer.
IFIH1
variants are associated with generalised epilepsy preceded by febrile seizures
Authors: Song Wang , Bian Wen-Jun , Li Hua , Guo Qing-Hui , Wang Jie , Tang Bin , Zhang Jia-Yuan , Wei Wei , Liu Xiao-Rong , Liao Wei-Ping , Li Bin , He Na 
Published: July 2024

Background

IFIH1
variants have been reported to be associated with immune-related disorders with/without seizures. It is unknown whether
IFIH1
variants are associated with common epilepsy without acquired causes and the mechanism underlying phenotypic variation remains elusive.

Methods
Trio-based whole-exome sequencing was performed on patients with febrile seizures or epilepsy with antecedent febrile seizures. Previously reported variants were systematically reviewed to investigate genotype-phenotype associations.

Results

Two de novo heterozygous and three biallelic missense variants were identified in five patients with generalised epilepsy with antecedent febrile seizures. The variants were predicted to be damaging by in silico tools and were associated with hydrogen bonding changes to neighbouring amino acids or decreased protein stability. Patients exhibited an early onset age and became seizure-free with favourable outcome. Further analysis revealed that de novo missense variants located in the Hel region resulted in seizures with multiple neurological abnormalities, while those in the pincer domain or C-terminal domain led to seizures with normal neurodevelopment, suggesting a sub-molecular effect. Biallelic missense variants, which were inherited from unaffected parents and presented low allele frequencies in general populations, were associated with seizures without neurological abnormalities. Truncation variants were related to refractory epilepsy and severe developmental delay, suggesting a genotype-phenotype correlation.
IFIH1
is predominantly expressed in the neonatal stage and decreases dramatically in the adulthood, which is consistent with the early onset age and favourable outcome of the patients.

Conclusions

IFIH1
variants are potentially associated with generalised epilepsy with antecedent febrile seizures. The sub-molecular implication and genotype-phenotype association help explain phenotype variations of
IFIH1
variants.
Induction cyclophosphamide with maintenance immunosuppression in high-risk myasthenia gravis: long-term follow-up and safety profile
Authors: Chan Fiona , Hardy Todd A , Malik Sameer , Ramanathan Sudarshini , Riminton D Sean , Reddel Stephen W 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundPatients with refractory or high-risk myasthenia gravis (MG) respond poorly to conventional immunosuppressive therapy, requiring rescue therapies and often experiencing treatment toxicity. Rescue and injectable therapies do not induce remission and require repetitive administration leading to significant constraints on patients and the healthcare system. This long-term follow-up study demonstrates cyclophosphamide as a rapidly effective and safe treatment in patients with refractory or high-risk MG.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of MG patients treated with cyclophosphamide between January 2000 and June 2022 conducted at a quaternary neuroimmunology clinic in New South Wales, Australia.Results31 patients were treated: mean age of 64 years; median follow-up 3.6 years (5 months to 11 years); 94% seropositive to acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies and 45% had thymoma. A reduced intensity cyclophosphamide induction protocol followed by oral antiproliferative maintenance is described.Median myasthenia gravis composite scores reduced by >50% after the third cycle of cyclophosphamide. Complete cessation of prednisolone was possible in 11 patients while 20 remained on prednisolone with a median daily dose of 5 mg. Plasma exchange was ceased in 62% of patients and intravenous immunoglobulin ceased in 55%. Cyclophosphamide was generally well tolerated with mild cytopenias. There were no malignancies or cases of haemorrhagic cystitis.ConclusionWe describe a large cohort of high-risk MG patients treated with cyclophosphamide in a retrospective single-clinic cohort. We suggest cyclophosphamide should be considered for rapid remission induction, corticosteroid reduction and long-term freedom from recurrent injectable therapies in selected patients, typically those with AChR antibodies.
Pigmented acuminated condylomas seborrhoeic keratosis-like: a new entity?
Authors: Corbalán-Vélez Raúl , Ruiz-Maciá Jose Antonio , López-Martínez Diego , Moreno Docón Antonio , Fernández-Pérez Juan , Martínez-Menchón Teresa , Segado-Sánchez Marta , Parra-García Jose Juan , Martínez-Ortega Francisco José , Román-Gómez Julia 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundCondyloma acuminatum is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), which typically presents as excrescent, pedunculated, papillomatous lesions which may be of a pale colour. On rare occasions, we have observed pigmented genital lesions that are similar to seborrhoeic keratoses, but with histological findings of condyloma acuminatum and positive genotyping for HPV. We have termed these ‘seborrhoeic keratosis-like’ type condylomas.MethodsThis is an observational retrospective study. The following clinical data were collected: age, sex, time of evolution, location, isolated or multiple lesions, monomorphous or polymorphous/mixed lesions. HPV genotyping was performed in all cases, and excision for histological study in eight cases.ResultsA total of 31 patients were diagnosed with this type of pigmented condylomata acuminata. Of these, 16 had isolated lesions (less than five lesions) and 15 had multiple lesions. 67% of the lesions exhibited slow growth, with an evolution period of greater than 1 year. The most frequent location was the base of the penis and pubis. HPV genotyping of the lesions was positive in all cases, with the HPV-6 genotype predominating (28 cases, 90.3%). The lesions exhibited dermoscopic differences from other pigmented lesions and histological findings attributable to HPV infection (pseudoparakeratosis, koilocytosis, etc) and others similar to those observed in seborrhoeic keratoses.ConclusionsA total of 31 patients were diagnosed with pigmented verrucous lesions, excrescents, isolated or multiple, in the genital region. These lesions exhibited clinical characteristics similar to seborrhoeic keratoses, with positive genotyping for HPV. In the majority of cases, the genotype was HPV-6. These lesions have been named ‘pigmented condylomata acuminata seborrhoeic keratosis-like’. Only 10 cases of these lesions have been described in the literature.
Pilot randomised controlled trial of a culturally aligned smoking cessation app for American Indian persons
Authors: Carroll Dana Mowls , Jennings Dylan , Stately Antony , Kamath Amika , Tessier Katelyn M , Cotoc Crina , Egbert Andrew , Begnaud Abbie , Businelle Michael , Hatsukami Dorothy , Pickner Wyatt 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo pilot test QuitGuide for Natives, a culturally aligned version of the National Cancer Institute’s QuitGuide smartphone app for smoking cessation.MethodsThis randomised controlled trial was conducted remotely during 2022–2023. American Indian adults who smoked and resided in the Midwest (n=115) were randomised to QuitGuide for Natives or the general audience QuitGuide smartphone-based intervention. Group differences in feasibility (times the app was initiated), usability, acceptability (‘How likely would you be to recommend the app to a friend?’), fit of app with culture and preliminary efficacy (24-hour quit attempts, cotinine-confirmed self-reported 7-day abstinence) outcomes were examined.ResultsQuitGuide for Natives versus the general audience QuitGuide did not differ in the number of times the app was opened (adjusted incidence rate ratio 0.94 (95% CI 0.63 to 1.40); p=0.743) nor in usability score (adjusted mean difference (aMD) 0.73 (95% CI: −5.00 to 6.46); p=0.801) or likeliness of recommending the app to a friend (aMD 0.62 (95% CI −0.02 to 1.27); p=0.058). Differences were observed for all cultural fit outcomes such as ‘The app fits my American Indian culture (aMD 0.75 (95% CI 0.35 to 1.16); p<0.001). QuitGuide for Natives versus the general audience QuitGuide resulted in an average of 6.6 vs 5.1 24-hour quit attempts (p=0.349) and cotinine-confirmed 7-day abstinence was achieved by 6.9% vs 3.5% (p=0.679).ConclusionsAcceptability, cultural fit and preliminary efficacy findings are encouraging and will inform future, larger-scale evaluation of culturally aligned digital smoking cessation resources for American Indian adults.