bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Service Members’ Attitudes Toward Reporting Hazing Incidents
Authors: Berry-Cabán Cristóbal S , Petrillo Carissa , Allan Elizabeth J , Kerschner Dave , Beltran Thomas A , Holland Anett , Nash Lauren N , Roby Adam , Orchowski Lindsay M 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Addressing hazing within the U.S. Military has become a critical concern to safeguard the well-being of service members; recent attempts to assess hazing prevalence in the military have been unsuccessful due to under representative data.

Methods
To delve into the hazing climate and reporting culture at Fort Bragg, now Fort Liberty, 227 individuals took part in an anonymous online survey. The survey collected demographics and insights on hazing attitudes and behaviors, perceptions of group experiences including hazing/non-hazing activities, views on leadership, familiarity and experiences with reporting procedures, and bystander intervention.

Results
The findings echoed existing literature: while only 17.2% admitted to experiencing hazing, a striking 70.3% acknowledged involvement in specific hazing behaviors. Only 40% of participants who acknowledged experiencing hazing (n = 35) disclosed that they reported or confided in someone about the incident. Responses highlight reporting hurdles including concerns about anonymity, confidence in the reporting process, leadership reactions to reports, and the normalization of these events as tradition.

Discussion
Distinct elements of military culture, such as the hierarchical chain of command, loyalty to the brotherhood/sisterhood, and the emphasis on resilience, likely amplify these responses. This study adds to the mounting evidence showcasing gaps in assessing hazing within the U.S. Military. It emphasizes the necessity for a comprehensive hazing prevention program. Presently, prevention relies on mandatory training, often integrated into safety briefings or harassment workshops. However, service members require further assistance in recognizing, rejecting, and reporting instances of hazing despite these trainings.
Fatal occupational injuries in fishing, farming and forestry 2010–2015
Authors: Nazarihaghighipashaki M , Moen B E , Bråtveit M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Every year, 2.3 million people worldwide succumb to work-related accidents and illnesses. The primary industries have long been acknowledged with elevated accident risks. Recent levels and trends of injury and associated fatalities in these sectors are uncertain. An enhanced understanding of these risks in these industries is required for effective injury prevention in the future.

Aims
This study aimed to describe registered fatalities in the primary industries worldwide, exploring potential disparities between countries and identifying trends in injury rates.

Methods
Data were obtained on fatal occupational injuries per 100,000 workers in farming, fishing and forestry for the years 2010–2015 from the International Labour Organization ILO-STAT database. Descriptive statistics and mixed-model regression analyses were conducted. Fatal occupational injuries in upper- and middle-income countries were compared.

Results
The study incorporated data from 32 countries: 21 from Europe. America had the highest mean occupational fatality injury rate (76.9). The highest recorded rates for individual countries occurred in Colombia in 2014 (265.2) and Lithuania in 2015 (75.0), and the lowest in Greece in 2012 (0.2). Significant variation in injury rates was evident among the countries. There was no trend in the incidence of fatal injuries from 2010 to 2015, neither for all countries, nor Europe. Middle-income countries had higher occupational fatality injury rate than upper-income countries.

Conclusions
The occupational fatality injury rate exhibited considerable variation, ranging from 0.9 to 265.2, and the injury rate was lowest in upper-income countries. There was no trend in the figures 2010–2015.
Upper gastrointestinal bleed secondary to large right hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm: a case report
Authors: Gautam Swotantra , Neupane Aakash , Singh Gurdeep , Sharbatji Mohamad 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm (HAP) is a serious rare life-threatening complication of Gastrointestinal surgeries that is often overlooked in diagnostic evaluation due to its rarity. We present a case of 71 years female, with a surgical history of gastric sleeve surgery, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, and cholecystectomy, presenting with features of upper GI bleeding. Multiple diagnostic modalities were used and finally Magnetic Resonance Mesenteric Angiogram was able to pinpoint the location of the GI bleed as a hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm. Primary surgical repair used to be the mainstay treatment option for managing visceral aneurysms. However, due to advances in technology, embolization as well as implantation of covered stent grafts have become the preferred treatment for such lesions.
Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in the Community Setting
Authors: Al-Juhaishi Taha , Dela Cruz Servillano , Gupta Rohan , Keiffer Gina , Morrison Vicki A , Shapira Iuliana , Woods Ashley , Norsworthy Kelly , de Claro Romeo Angelo , Theoret Marc R , Garg Ravin , Pulte Elizabeth Dianne 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The treatment landscape for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is rapidly changing. Many new agents and lower-intensity regimens have been approved and can be safely used by hematologists and oncologists in both academic and community settings. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) held a virtual symposium on AML treatment in the community in November 2022. Several members of the FDA, along with practicing hematologists and oncologists in both academic and community settings, participated in the symposium. The goal of the symposium was to discuss challenges and opportunities in the treatment of patients with AML in community oncology settings. A summary of these discussions and key considerations are presented here.
Senescence-Associated Sugar Transporter1 affects developmental master regulators and controls senescence in Arabidopsis
Authors: Cheng Jintao , Arystanbek Kyzy Meerim , Heide Adrian , Khan Azkia , Lehmann Martin , Schröder Laura , Nägele Thomas , Pommerrenig Benjamin , Keller Isabel , Neuhaus H Ekkehard 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Sugar transport across membranes is critical for plant development and yield. However, an analysis of the role of intracellular sugar transporters in senescence is lacking. Here, we characterized the role of Senescence-Associated Sugar Transporter1 (SAST1) during senescence in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). SAST1 expression was induced in leaves during senescence and after the application of abscisic acid (ABA). SAST1 is a vacuolar protein that pumps glucose out of the cytosol. sast1 mutants exhibited a stay-green phenotype during developmental senescence, after the darkening of single leaves, and after ABA feeding. To explain the stay-green phenotype of sast1 mutants, we analyzed the activity of the glucose-induced master regulator TOR (target of rapamycin), which is responsible for maintaining a high anabolic state. TOR activity was higher in sast1 mutants during senescence compared to wild types, whereas the activity of its antagonist, SNF1-related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1), was reduced in sast1 mutants under senescent conditions. This deregulation of TOR and SnRK1 activities correlated with high cytosolic glucose levels under senescent conditions in sast1 mutants. Although sast1 mutants displayed a functional stay-green phenotype, their seed yield was reduced. These analyses place the activity of SAST1 in the last phase of a leaf's existence in the molecular program required to complete its life cycle.
Critical tasks and errors associated with intercostal chest drain insertion
Authors: Kuan Samuel , Lynch Richard , Dea Angela O 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
To describe critical tasks and errors associated with intercostal chest drain insertion, in order to develop enhanced procedural guidelines for task performance and training.

Methods
Expert emergency medicine physicians participated in a three-phased study. First, hierarchical task analyses was used to identify tasks, sub-tasks, and the sequence of tasks. Second, systematic human error reduction and prediction approach was used to identify and classify the errors associated with each sub-task culminating in a probability, criticality, and detectability rating for each error. Third, failure modes, effects and criticality analysis technique was used to convert probability and criticality estimates to occurrence and severity scores. Criticality index score, a measure of the propensity for the error to cause harm or procedural failure for each error, was calculated and the top 20 errors most likely to cause harm were ranked.

Results
Thirteen tasks and 61 sub-tasks were identified and yielded 86 potential errors. Error classification included errors of action, checking, and selection. The error with the highest criticality score was ‘identifying a point of entry lower than the fifth intercostal space’. The top four ranked errors all relate to the identification and correct marking of the location site for the intercostal drain within the safe triangle.

Conclusions
Tasks and sub-tasks associated with intercostal chest drain insertion was described and evaluated for criticality. The most critical task was the correct identification of a safe insertion point. Applications include development of procedural guidelines with tasks vulnerable to error highlighted and training interventions that promotes safe task performance.
Anti-oxidant activity of coenzyme Q10 against AlCl3/D-galactose in albino rat induced cognitive dysfunctions: Behavioral, biochemical, and BACE-1/GSK-3β alterations
Authors: Nawar Nagat Fawzy , Beltagy Doha Mohammad , Mohamed Tarek Mostafa , Tousson Ehab Mostafa , El-Keey Mai Mahmoud 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The relationship between amyloid beta (Aβ) and oxidative stress (OS), both prominent factors in Alzheimer’s disease-related neural degeneration, is deeply interconnected. The cleavage of the extracellular domain of Amyloid precursor protein (APP) and phosphorylating different substrates, respectively, the β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE-1) and Glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (GSK-3β) enzymes initiate the synthesis of Aβ, which causes cognitive deficits in AD. This study aimed to explore the protective potential of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). It also sought to uncover any synergistic effects when combined with donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, in treating Alzheimer’s disease in male albino rats, focusing on the modulation of the BACE-1/GSK-3β pathway. The experiment involved 70 rats categorized into different groups: control, donepezil alone, CoQ10 alone, AD-model, donepezil co-treatment, CoQ10 co-treatment, and CoQ10 + donepezil combination. Various assessments, such as cholinesterase activity, oxidative stress, serum iron profile, Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), Tau protein, β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE-1), phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten), and Glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (GSK-3β), were conducted on behavioral and biochemical aspects. CoQ10 treatment demonstrated memory improvement, enhanced locomotion, and increased neuronal differentiation, mainly through the inhibition of the dual BACE-1/GSK-3β. These findings were substantiated by histological and immunohistological examinations of the hippocampus.
Highlights Alzheimer’s disease (AD) led to the alteration of BACE-1/GSK-3β. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) alleviated D-Gal and AlCl3-induced passive avoidance memory deficits in rats. CoQ10 counteracts Alzheimer’s disease by inhibiting acetylcholine esterase. CoQ10 significantly increases levels of BDNF and diminishes Tau burden. CoQ10 acts as a dual BACE1/GSK3β inhibitor. The combination of CoQ10 treatment and donepezil demonstrated potential as a therapeutic approach.
How not to describe a species: lessons from a tangle of anacondas (Boidae: Eunectes Wagler, 1830)
Authors: Wüster Wolfgang , Kaiser Hinrich , Hoogmoed Marinus S , Ceríaco Luis M P , Dirksen Lutz , Dufresnes Christophe , Glaw Frank , Hille Axel , Köhler Jörn , Koppetsch Thore , Milto Konstantin D , Shea Glenn M , Tarkhnishvili David , Thomson Scott A , Vences Miguel , Böhme Wolfgang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A recent revision of the anacondas (Serpentes: Boidae: Eunectes), with the description of a new species of green anaconda, generated extensive publicity, but also provoked considerable controversy due to inadequacies of the evidence used and errors in nomenclature. We here use the case of this problematic publication to: (i) highlight common issues affecting species delimitations, especially an over-reliance on mitochondrial DNA data, and reiterate best practices; (ii) reanalyse the data available for anacondas to establish the true current state of knowledge and to highlight lines of further research; and (iii) analyse the nomenclatural history and status of the genus. While our analysis reveals significant morphological variation in both green and yellow anacondas, denser sampling and an analysis of informative nuclear markers are required for meaningful species delimitation in Eunectes. Tracing the history of name-bearing types establishes Trinidad as the type locality for Boa murina Linnaeus, 1758 and allows identification of the extant lectotype for the species. Finally, we emphasize the responsibility of both journals and authors to ensure that published taxonomic work meets the burden of evidence required to substantiate new species descriptions and that species are named in compliance with the rules of zoological nomenclature.
Activation of nociception‐sensitive ionotropic glutamate receptor‐expressing rostroventrolateral medulla neurons by stimulation of cardiac afferents in rats
Authors: Zahner Matthew R. , Oculam Cade C. , Beaumont Eric 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMyocardial ischemia causes the release of bradykinin, which activates afferent nerve endings in the ventricular epicardium. This elicits a sympathetically mediated increase in arterial pressure and heart rate, referred to as the cardiogenic sympathetic afferent reflex. The rostroventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is a key sympathetic brain stem site for regulating cardiovascular activity. This study aimed to determine the importance of non‐barosensitive nociception sympathetic activity and the role of glutamate receptor activation of RVLM neurons in the cardiogenic sympathetic afferent reflex. We tested the hypothesis that inhibition of barosensitive sympathetic activity attenuates but does not abolish the reflex response to cardiac visceral afferents. Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), arterial pressure, and heart rate responses to epicardial bradykinin application were recorded in anesthetized rats before and after bilateral RVLM microinjection of either GABAA agonist muscimol, ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonist kynurenic acid, N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist 2‐amino‐5‐ phosphonopentanoic acid (AP5), or non‐NMDA antagonist 6‐cyano‐7‐nitroquinoxaline‐2,3‐dione (CNQX). Baroreceptor loading‐induced inhibition of barosensitive activity attenuated the bradykinin‐induced RSNA response (93 ± 14% increase) and tachycardia (18 ± 3 bpm). While RVLM muscimol microinjection abolished the RSNA response (1.6 ± 4.2% from baseline, 0.49 ± 0.38 μV*s), surprisingly, it did not abolish the tachycardia (27 ± 4 bpm). Kynurenic acid microinjection blocked the arterial pressure and RSNA responses, while AP5 or CNQX only attenuated the responses. These data suggest that nociception‐sensitive sympathetic activity that does not appear to be barosensitive is also involved in the cardiogenic sympathetic afferent reflex. Importantly, while muscimol and kynurenic acid abolished the arterial pressure and RSNA response, neither affected the tachycardia, suggesting an alternate cardiac pathway independent of RVLM.
Maternal History of Childhood Maltreatment and Pregnancy Weight Outcomes
Authors: Mason Susan M. , Farkas Kriszta , Bodnar Lisa M. , Friedman Jessica K. , Johnson Sydney T. , Emery Tavernier Rebecca L. , MacLehose Richard F. , Neumark-Sztainer Dianne 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Childhood maltreatment is associated with elevated adult weight. It is unclear whether this association extends to pregnancy, a critical window for the development of obesity.

Methods:
We examined associations of childhood maltreatment histories with prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain among women who had participated for >20 years in a longitudinal cohort. At age 26–35 years, participants reported childhood maltreatment (physical, sexual, and emotional abuse; emotional neglect) and, 5 years later, about prepregnancy weight and gestational weight gain for previous pregnancies (n = 656). Modified Poisson regression models were used to estimate associations of maltreatment history with prepregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain z-scores, adjusting for sociodemographics. We used multivariate imputation by chained equations to adjust outcome measures for misclassification using data from an internal validation study.

Results:
Before misclassification adjustment, results indicated a higher risk of prepregnancy BMI ≥30 kg/m2 in women with certain types of maltreatment (e.g., emotional abuse risk ratio = 2.4; 95% confidence interval: 1.5, 3.7) compared with women without that maltreatment type. After misclassification adjustment, estimates were attenuated but still modestly elevated (e.g., emotional abuse risk ratio = 1.7; 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 2.7). Misclassification-adjusted estimates for maltreatment associations with gestational weight gain z-scores were close to the null and imprecise.

Conclusions:
Findings suggest an association of maltreatment with prepregnancy BMI ≥30 kg/m2 but not with high gestational weight gain. Results suggest a potential need for equitable interventions that can support all women, including those with maltreatment histories, as they enter pregnancy.
Parent Experiences of Empowerment
Authors: Grafft Natalie , Gago Cristina , Garcia Evelin , Aftosmes-Tobio Alyssa , Jurkowski Janine M. , Blaine Rachel E. , Davison Kirsten K. 
Published: August 2024

Background:Establishing healthy behaviors during a child’s first 5 years is essential for healthy growth. Parents are targeted as agents of change because they serve as primary models of behavior during this period. Although parent-focused interventions often target empowerment as a driver of change, our understanding of how parents experience the process of empowerment in the context of child health promotion remains limited.Objective:This qualitative study explored the process by which parents gain empowerment through participation in a health promotion intervention.Methods:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 37 low-income parents who participated in Parents Connect for Healthy Living (PConnect), a 10-week empowerment-centered obesity prevention intervention. Data were analyzed using inductive-deductive thematic analysis and guided by empowerment theories.Results:Most parents were Hispanic/Latino (41%) and female (97%). Five themes emerged that correspond to the process by which parents gained empowerment: (1) friendships formed and relationships strengthened during PConnect, (2) parents strengthened relationships with their children and believed in their ability to parent successfully, (3) the experience of knowledge led to behavior change, (4) parents used new resources to improve family health, and (5) parents took action.Conclusion:Empowerment theory should be a component of health promotion programs.
Association Between Social Jetlag and Components of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: LIN Mei-Yu , KANG Yi-No , APRILIYASARI Renny Wulan , TSAI Pei-Shan 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
A mismatch between biological and social time, often referred to as social jetlag (SJL), can lead to inadequate sleep and activities or taking meals at times that do not align with our biological rhythms, increasing the risk of metabolic abnormalities. Although the association between sleep and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is well established, the effects of SJL on MetS and the components of MetS in adults remain unclear.

Purpose
This study was designed to explore the relationship between SJL and MetS components in adults.

Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted on studies registered in PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Embase between the inception of each database until November 15, 2023. We focused on studies designed to evaluate the relationship between SJL and either MetS or its components. Only studies using cross-sectional, prospective, or retrospective designs were considered for inclusion. The relationship between SJL and MetS was depicted as an odds ratio with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). We determined the mean differences and 95% CIs to estimate the associations between SJL and MetS components. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist was used to evaluate the methodological rigor of the selected studies. Data were analyzed using RevMan software Version 5.4.

Results
The systematic review included 16 studies, with five analyzed via a meta-analysis covering four outcomes, each based on two to three studies. When comparing SJL of less than 1 hour with SJL of 2 hours or more, the latter showed a higher likelihood of MetS (pooled odds ratio: 1.52). Although a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (pooled mean differences = −3.52 mmHg, 95% CI [−6.41, −0.64]) and a significant increase in waist circumference (pooled mean differences = 2.17 cm, 95% CI [0.61, 3.73]) were observed, the correlation between SJL and diastolic blood pressure failed to reach statistical significance.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice
The meta-analysis conducted in this study found an association between SJL and MetS. Healthcare practitioners should prioritize the management of sleep quality and duration, especially for individuals exhibiting substantial SJL. Improving sleep can aid in controlling blood pressure and managing weight and should form part of MetS management strategies.
Breaking up Sitting Time With Isometric Wall Squat Exercise During Occupational Activities
Authors: Silva Jefferson Maxwell , Cavalcante Anderson , Rêgo Theo Victor Alves Soares , Henriques Dayanne Kerollyn Sousa , Cucato Gabriel Grizzo , Ritti-Dias Raphael Mendes , Farah Breno Quintella 
Published: August 2024

Objective
The aim of to analyze the feasibility of isometric wall squat exercise (IWSE) over a 12-week period as a method of breaking up sitting time during occupational activities in sedentary adults.

Methods
This feasibility randomized study involved sedentary adults. Participants in the IWSE group (n = 12) performed isometric wall squats, while participants in the STAND group (n = 12) were recommended to stand up for 12 weeks. Feasibility was assessed through online questionnaires in the eighth week regarding adherence, safety, satisfaction, and acceptability.

Results
Adherence to weekly breaks was similar between groups (P > 0.05). No serious side effects have been reported in the groups. Dropout rates (IWSE: 40% vs STAND: 40%, P = 1.000), satisfaction (IWSE +3.4 [1.2] vs STAND +3.0 [1.7], P = 0.709), and intention to continue with the intervention (IWSE: 75% vs STAND: 83%, P = 0.368) were similar between groups.

Conclusions
The IWSE is as feasible as stand up as a strategy to breaking up sedentary time in workplace.