bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The foot‐and‐mouth disease epidemic in Dumfries and Galloway, 2001. 2: Serosurveillance, and efficiency and effectiveness of control procedures after the national ban on animal movements
Authors: Thrusfield M. , Mansley L. , Dunlop P. , Pawson A. , Taylor J. 
Published: October 2014

After the foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD) epidemic in Dumfries and Galloway in south‐west Scotland in 2001, serosurveillance of sheep remaining in the 3 km radius Protection Zones around Infected Premises (IPs), and within a 10 km radius of IPs, revealed no evidence of infection. The epidemic was brought under control by a range of traditional techniques: slaughter of all animals on IPs and of veterinary‐assessed Dangerous Contacts (DCs), movement restrictions, biosecurity, tracing of potential sources and spread of virus, and surveillance of At‐Risk premises. Novel pre‐emptive slaughter of FMD ‐susceptible animals on premises contiguous to IPs, and small ruminants and pigs on premises within 3 km of IPs, commenced after the epidemic had peaked. Most of the traditional control procedures were undertaken quickly and with appropriate priority. Animals on IPs were usually slaughtered within one day of confirmation, and veterinary‐assessed DCs within two days of confirmation of relevant IPs (a median of two days). The pre‐emptive contiguous and 3 km culls took somewhat longer (medians of five and 17 days, respectively). IPs were most commonly identified as a result of reporting by farmers or their veterinarians (72 per cent of IPs); veterinary clinical patrols identified 16 per cent, while veterinary assessment of DCs and tracing each identified 5 per cent. No evidence of infection was found on any pre‐emptively contiguously culled premises, and IPs were declared only on three 3 km cull premises. The time from estimated first lesion to end of slaughter on an IP was found, by regression analysis, to be a key component in effective control, manifested by a reduction in the estimated dissemination rate (EDR); there was little evidence that the intensity of contiguous culling affected the EDR. Patrols and serological surveillance of residual animals within 10 km of IPs, supported by more extensive evidence from elsewhere in the UK, suggested that cryptic infection in sheep was not widespread. Ultimately, there was insufficient evidence to support the effectiveness of 3 km pre‐emptive culling as a control procedure.
Emergence of fasciolosis in cattle in East Anglia
Authors: Pritchard G. C. , Forbes A. B. , Williams D. J. L. , Salimi‐Bejestani M. R. , Daniel R. G. 
Published: October 2014

Liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) infection caused weight loss, diarrhoea, decreased milk yield and occasionally death in cattle in East Anglia during the winters of 2001 to 2003. The condition had previously been limited mainly to stock imported into this part of Britain from endemically infected areas. In composite faecal samples collected by 16 farm animal veterinary practices in Norfolk, Suffolk and Essex, fluke eggs were found in 15 (28·8 per cent) of 52 previously unaffected suckler herds and 10 (16·7 per cent) of 60 dairy herds. Antibodies to F hepatica were detected by ELISA in 32 (53·3 per cent) of the bulk milk samples from these 60 dairy herds, including the 10 in which fluke eggs were found. The emergence of fasciolosis in East Anglia was attributed to recent higher summer rainfall, which favoured the intermediate snail host Lymnaea truncatula and the free‐living stages of F hepatica, the increased influx of sheep from endemic fluke areas for seasonal grazing, and the wetter grazing conditions associated with the Environmentally Sensitive Area scheme.
Effectiveness of Counseling Provided by Primary Care Doctors and Nurses in Increasing Glaucoma Screening Rates
Authors: Rezner Witold , Rezner Anna , Dutkiewicz Sławomir 
Published: October 2014

Introduction.An effective screening that can prevent glaucoma-related blindness largely depends on successful recruitment. This study was to assess the effectiveness of one-on-one counseling carried out by primary care doctors and nurses to increase glaucoma screening rates.Material and Methods.The study, carried out in an urban primary care center, involved 308 persons aged 35–87 years who were assigned to a doctor’s, nurse’s, or control group (N=109, 110, and 89, resp.). Interventions by doctors and nurses included a brief one-on-one counseling session, while only a screening history was taken from controls. The number of people in each group with a positive screening status was assessed by telephone interview three months after the visit.Results.The percentage of persons in the nurse’s counseling group who claimed being subjected to screening was more than four times higher than in the control group (20.9% versus 4.5%,P=0.002). The doctor’s interventions resulted in almost a tripled screening rate as compared to the control group (12.8% versus 4.5%,P=0.052). There was no significant difference between screening rates in doctor’s and nurse’s groups(P= 0.212).Conclusions.In the studied population, counseling provided by nurses proved to be an efficacious method to encourage patients to undergo glaucoma screening.
Multireanalysis Comparison of Variability in Column Water Vapor and Its Analysis Increment Associated with the Madden–Julian Oscillation
Authors: Yokoi Satoru 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
This study conducts a multireanalysis comparison of variability in column water vapor (CWV) represented in three reanalysis products [Japanese 55-year Reanalysis Project (JRA-55), JRA-25, and ECMWF Interim Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim)] associated with the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) in boreal winter, with emphasis on CWV tendency simulated by forecast models and analysis increment calculated by data assimilation systems. Analyses of these variables show that, while the JRA-55 forecast model is able to simulate eastward propagation of the CWV anomaly, this model tends to weaken its amplitude. The multireanalysis comparison of the analysis increment further reveals that this weakening bias is related to excessively weak cloud radiative feedback represented by the model. This bias in the feedback strength makes anomalous moisture supply by the vertical advection term in the CWV budget equation too insensitive to precipitation anomaly, resulting in reduction of the amplitude of CWV anomaly. ERA-Interim has a nearly opposite feature: the forecast model represents excessively strong feedback. These results imply the necessity of accurate representation of the cloud radiative feedback strength for a short-term MJO forecast and may be evidence to support the argument that this feedback is essential for the existence of MJO. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that the multireanalysis comparison of the analysis increment will provide useful information for examining model biases and potentially for estimating parameters that are difficult to estimate from observational data, such as gross moist stability.
Reduced thrombosis in Klkb1−/− mice is mediated by increased Mas receptor, prostacyclin, Sirt1, and KLF4 and decreased tissue factor
Authors: Stavrou Evi X. , Fang Chao , Merkulova Alona , Alhalabi Omar , Grobe Nadja , Antoniak Silvio , Mackman Nigel , Schmaier Alvin H. 
Published: October 2014

Key PointsThe reduced thrombosis in Klkb1−/− mice is not by defective contact activation. Overexpressed renal Mas with elevated plasma prostacyclin increases aortic Sirt1 and KLF4 and reduces aortic TF protecting Klkb1−/− mice.
Isolation and transcriptome analyses of human erythroid progenitors: BFU-E and CFU-E
Authors: Li Jie , Hale John , Bhagia Pooja , Xue Fumin , Chen Lixiang , Jaffray Julie , Yan Hongxia , Lane Joseph , Gallagher Patrick G. , Mohandas Narla , Liu Jing , An Xiuli 
Published: October 2014

Key PointsPurification and quantification of human erythroid progenitors provides a powerful means for studying normal and disordered erythropoiesis. Transcriptome data provides a resource for the mechanistic understanding of the generation of erythroid progenitors from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Bisoxazoline-Catalyzed Asymmetric Nucleophilic Addition of Diethyl Zinc to Fluorinated Alkyl Ketones: Enantiofacial Control by Changing the Bisoxazoline Substituent
Authors: Sasaki Shigeru , Yamauchi Takayasu , Kanai Masatomi , Ishii Akihiro , Higashiyama Kimio 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Bisoxazoline (BOX)-catalyzed asymmetric nucleophilic addition of diethyl zinc to fluorinated alkyl ketones successfully afforded enantioenriched fluorinated alkyl tertiary alcohols. The effect of the size of the substituent on the oxazoline ring on the stereoselectivity of the reaction was investigated. Furthermore, the enantioselectivity could be reversed by altering the BOX bridge structure while retaining the C-4 substituent on the oxazoline ring.
Parity-Controlled Self-Assembly of Supramolecular Helices in a Gold(I)–Copper(II) Coordination System with Penicillamine and Bis(diphenylphosphino)alkane
Authors: Yoshinari Nobuto , Kakuya Atsushi , Lee Raeeun , Konno Takumi 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
A unique gold(I)–copper(II) 1D polymeric system, [Cu{Au2(LCn)(pen)2}] (LCn = Ph2P(CH2)nPPh2 (n = 3, 4, and 5); H2pen: penicillamine), which involves three types of helices (single-stranded homochiral helix, single-stranded meso helix, and triple-stranded homochiral helix), is reported. This system was created from linear digold(I) metalloligands, which possess a bis(diphenylphosphino)alkane linker LCn and two-terminal pen coordination arms [Au2(LCn)(pen)2]2−. In this system, the parity (odd vs. even) of the alkyl chain of LCn and the chirality of pen (d vs. l) govern the topology and handedness of the helices, respectively.
Photo-electrochemical Studies by AC Impedance Spectroscopy on Electrodeposited n-Type PbS
Authors: Miandari Somaieh , Jafarian Majid , Mahjani Mohammad Ghasem , Heidaripour Ashraf 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Electrochemical deposition and characterization of PbS nanocrystals on Pb electrodes in alkaline solution containing thiourea are carried out by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods respectively. The diffusion coefficient of electroactive species (Pb+2) at the synthetic potential −0.36 V/SCE is investigated in different alkaline media. The analysis of PbS crystals using X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows that the average of crystalline size and the lattice constant parameter are approximately 39.04 and 0.5948 nm respectively. Also, the morphology of surface was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). This work focuses on EIS extraction of Mott–Schottky plots and calculation of several important parameters including Debye length (LD), carrier density (ND), and flat band potential (Efb) for PbS. The parameters are calculated as 3.40 × 10−8 cm, 8.65 × 1019 cm−3, and 0.035 V/NHE respectively in the dark. The comparison of these values in the dark and under light provides some insights into the charge transfer. The increase in the charge transfer resistance (Rct) in the dark with respect to under illumination and the confirmation of the presence of surface states in the n-type PbS are some of the obtained results.
Brain-to-Brain (mind-to-mind) interaction at distance: a confirmatory study
Authors: Tressoldi Patrizio E. , Pederzoli Luciano , Bilucaglia Marco , Caini Patrizio , Fedele Pasquale , Ferrini Alessandro , Melloni Simone , Richeldi Diana , Richeldi Florentina , Accardo Agostino 
Published: October 2014

This study reports the results of a confirmatory experiment testing the hypothesis that it is possible to detect coincidences of a sequence of events (silence-signal) of different length, by analyzing the EEG activity of two human partners spatially separated when one member of the pair receives the stimulation and the second one is connected only mentally with the first.Seven selected participants with a long friendship and a capacity to maintain focused mental concentration, were divided into two groups located in two different laboratories approximately 190 km apart. Each participant acted both as a “stimulated” and as a “mentally connected” member of the pair for a total of twenty sessions overall.The offline analysis of EEG activity using a special classification algorithm based on a support vector machine, detected the coincidences in the sequence of events of the stimulation protocol between the EEG activity of the “stimulated” and the “mentally connected” pairs.Furthermore the correlation of the power spectra of the five EEG frequency bands between each of the twenty pairs of data was analyzed using a bootstrap procedure.The overall percentage of coincidences out of 88 events was 78.4% and the statistically significant average correlations between the EEG alpha and gamma bands among the pairs of participants, confirmed the results observed in a pilot study. The examination of potential internal, external and statistical artifacts which might have caused these results, ruled out external and internal artifacts. However, the examination of potential statistical artifacts revealed a good level of coincidences in only four pairs using a new procedure to detect the sequences of silence and signal between the EEG activity of the pairs of participants, giving a mild support to the hypothesis that two brains and hence two minds can be connected at distance.
Constants of Communication. Quantity in Language System and Semantics of Change in Speech Structure
Authors: Шапошников  , Shaposhnikov Vladimir 
Published: October 2014

Alongside the category of multitude within the expression of definite quantity
presentation as a set of properties, defining the quantity of a phenomenon
there is the reflection of quantity change. The multitude in its change is
designated and the count as the object determination reflected. It is phenomenon
of the quantity increase and decrease. The numerical change takes
place in the reality and it occurrence objective definition; its singleness and
articulation are in language mind made. Some correlations between dynamic
spheres are formed up.
The basic idea of this system exists. Its intrinsic constituents are in the correlation
with its statement noted. The quantitative changing as the semantic
problem is in the working described. The logical scheme of quantitative
changing, its language structures, the semantic series quantitative changing
correlation, is noted. The quantitative expression means and modes
aggregate, their organization in the Russian language system is described
and analyzed. The changes in the expression means of quantity amount in
the contemporary Russian language, their cognitive motivation are fixed;
their information range and system role and the statement are revealed.
Russian and Chinese Communicative Tradition in the Language of Legal Documents: Lexical Aspect
Authors: Никифорова  , Nikiforova Kh. , Маслов  , Maslov A. , Просвиркина  , Prosvirkina Irina , Самелик  , Samelik M. 
Published: October 2014

This article focuses on communicative language tradition in the language of
legal documents. Authors dwell on the analysis of the «verbal communication
» term and its understanding in modern science.
As evidence, the analysis of this definition in various Russian and Chinese
dictionaries is given. In addition, the article mentions the fact that the modern
business communication (both Russian and Chinese), on the one hand,
is under the influence of western business culture, and on the other hand,
preserves communicative traditions of business letter.
The authors note that the Chinese communicative tradition is more stable,
which is observed in the lexical legislative «word creation». This phenomenon
is due to the special way of «borrowing» of new words in Chinese.
In addition, the article draws attention to the particular cultural meaning of
lexical units of Chinese business documents.
Technology of Express-Assessment Centre and Order of Carrying It Out
Authors: Никитина  , Nikitina M. 
Published: October 2014

Technology of assessment centers has been showing a good performance as a method of recruitment since the early stages of implementation in large foreign
companies. However in Russian experience of recruitment traditional methods still prevail. Assessment-center is a time-consuming and therefore quite expensive
method, which is an obstacle for being carried out by domestic organizations.
This article proposes an alternative to carrying out technology of assessment-center – an express-assessment-center. Unlike the traditional assessment-center,
the express method allows assessing candidates within a few hours without reducing the quality of an original method.
The paper describes the order of carrying out the express-assessment-center, proposes competency profi les and methods of assessing its demonstration as
exemplifi ed in company’s line manager position, provides examples of simulation exercise to discover announced competencies.
Polityka konkordatowa Stolicy Apostolskiej
Authors: Lajolo Giovanni 
Published: October 2014

Concordat policy of the Holy See
The article focuses on the most significant stages in the historical evolution of the concordats. The historical approach enhances the understanding of the development of the relations between state and the Church. The author briefly analyses the development of the institution stretching back to the twelfth century (Concordat of Worms) and then concentrates on the twentieth century, especially from the pontificate of Benedict XV through the Second Vatican Council to the present day.
Konkordat polski z 1925. Geneza – postanowienia – wykonanie
Authors: Krasowski Krzysztof 
Published: October 2014

Concordat of Poland of 1925
The author reconstructs the historical events and circumstances that had eventually led to the establishment of the Polish concordat of 1925. The article presents the outline of the situation of the Polish Catholic Church after Poland’s reappearance among the independent European nations against the backdrop of the most pressing political and social issues, such as the controversy surrounding the projected land reform. One can also find the analysis of the major political, ecclesiastical and scholarly figures involved in drafting and enacting into law of the concordat, as well as its fate until its abolishment by the communist government in 1945.
Ojczyzna w homiliach i przemówieniach Jana Pawła II wygłoszonych podczas pielgrzymek do Polski w latach 1979-1987
Authors: Gaszyńska-Magiera Małgorzata 
Published: October 2014

Homeland in John Paul II’s homilies and speeches given during the pilgrimages to Poland (1979‑ 1987)
Although the place of the notion of homeland in John Paul II’s teaching has been studied in numerous publications, most of them adopted a theological perspective. However, it seems worthy to refer it also to reflections of lay researchers. The present analysis concentrates on Pope’s homilies and speeches given during three pilgrimages to Poland between 1979 and 1987. Thirty texts in which the word homeland appears have been taken into account. It turns out that John Paul II often alluded to visions of homeland fixed in the Polish culture. However, he did not share with his contemporaries the image of homeland with ethnicity, history and tradition in its centre. Homeland, in his vision, should not separate inhabitants of a country, but rather unite them. It should not induce to contemplate national triumphs and failures, but incite to look towards the future.
‘Maybe your story is not different from mine’: Memory, history and progress in the Galician series Libro de familia
Authors: Pereiro Marta Pérez 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Television is a privileged conduit for current events, for an unstoppable flow of live news, but it is also a suitable place to reflect on the past and to build a certain position towards history. In the last decade, there has been a revival of historical fiction in European television that has revealed a nostalgic approach to collective memory. Television series propose a review of the twentieth century’s official European history, but from the everyman perspective. The Galician public channel Televisión de Galicia (TVG) aired Libro de familia (José María Besteiro) in 2005 for the first time, and the audience quickly ensured its place in the schedule for the following seven years due to personal identification with the protagonists of the series. The success of this portrait of a rural family in Galicia during the 1960s raises some issues related to collective memory, official history and the ideology implicit in a fictional portrait of the past.
Dissecting Genetic Architecture Underlying Seed Traits in Multiple Environments
Authors: Qi Ting , Cao Yujie , Cao Liyong , Gao Yongming , Zhu Shuijin , Lou Xiangyang , Xu Haiming 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe seeds of flowering plants develop from double fertilization and play a vital role in reproduction and supplying human and animal food. The genetic variation of seed traits is influenced by multiple genetic systems, e.g., maternal, embryo, and/or endosperm genomes. Understanding the genetic architecture of seed traits is a major challenge because of this complex mechanism of multiple genetic systems, especially the epistasis within or between different genomes and their interactions with the environment. In this study, a statistical model was proposed for mapping QTL with epistasis and QTL-by-environment (QE) interactions underlying endosperm and embryo traits. Our model integrates the maternal and the offspring genomes into one mapping framework and can accurately analyze maternal additive and dominant effects, endosperm/embryo additive and dominant effects, and epistatic effects of two loci in the same or two different genomes, as well as interaction effects of each genetic component of QTL with environment. Intensive simulations under different sampling strategies, heritabilities, and model parameters were performed to investigate the statistical properties of the model. A set of real cottonseed data was analyzed to demonstrate our methods. A software package, QTLNetwork-Seed-1.0.exe, was developed for QTL analysis of seed traits.