bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coparenting Breastfeeding Support and Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Abbass-Dick Jennifer , Stern Susan B. , Nelson LaRon E. , Watson William , Dennis Cindy-Lee 
Published: December 2014

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the effectiveness of a coparenting intervention on exclusive breastfeeding among primiparous mothers and fathers.

METHODS:
A randomized controlled trial was conducted in a large teaching hospital in Toronto, Canada. Couples were randomized to receive either usual care (n = 107) or a coparenting breastfeeding support intervention (n = 107). Follow-up of exclusive breastfeeding and diverse secondary outcomes was conducted at 6 and 12 weeks postpartum.

RESULTS:
Significantly more mothers in the intervention group than in the control group continued to breastfeed at 12 weeks postpartum (96.2% vs 87.6%, P = .02). Although proportionately more mothers in the intervention group were exclusively breastfeeding at 6 and 12 weeks, these differences were not significant. Fathers in the intervention group had a significantly greater increase in breastfeeding self-efficacy scores from baseline to 6 weeks postpartum compared with fathers in the control group (P = .03). In addition, significantly more mothers in the intervention group than in the control group reported that their partners provided them with breastfeeding help in the first 6 weeks (71% vs 52%, P = .02) and that they were satisfied with their partners’ involvement with breastfeeding (89% vs 78.1%, P = .04). Mothers in the intervention group were also more satisfied with the breastfeeding information they received (81% vs 62.5%, P &lt; .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
The significant improvements in breastfeeding duration, paternal breastfeeding self-efficacy, and maternal perceptions of paternal involvement and assistance with breastfeeding suggest that a coparenting intervention involving fathers warrants additional investigation.
Construction and analysis of localized responses for gradient damage models in a 1D setting
Authors: Pham K. , Marigo J. J. 
Published: December 2014

We propose a method of construction of non homogeneous solutions to the problem of traction of a bar made of an elastic-damaging material whose softening behavior is regularized by a gradient damage model. We show that, for sufficiently long bars, localization arises on sets whose length is proportional to the material internal length and with a profile which is also characteristic of the material. We point out the very sensitivity of the responses to the parameters of the damage law. All these theoretical considerations are illustrated by numerical examples.
Anm: a geometrical model for the composite structure of mortar and concrete using real-shape particles
Authors: Qian Z. , Garboczi E. J. , Ye G. , Schlangen E. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe composite geometrical structure of mortar composites can be represented by a model consisting of sand embedded in a cement paste matrix and the structure of concrete by gravel embedded in a mortar matrix. Traditionally, spheres have often been used to represent aggregates (sand and gravel), although the accuracy of properties computed for structures using spherical aggregates as inclusions can be limited when the property contrast between aggregate and matrix is large. In this paper, a new geometrical model is described, which can simulate the composite structures of mortar and concrete with real-shape aggregates. The aggregate shapes are either directly or statistically taken from real particles, using a spherical harmonic expansion, where a set of spherical harmonic coefficients,anm, is used to describe the irregular shape. The model name of Anm is taken from this choice of notation. The take-and-place parking method is employed to put multiple irregular particles together within a pre-determined empty container, which becomes a representative volume element. This representative volume element can then be used as input into some kind of computational material model, which uses other numerical techniques such as finite elements to compute properties of the Anm composite structure.
Comparison of peak flow velocity through the left ventricular outflow tract and effective orifice area indexed to body surface area in Golden Retriever puppies to predict development of subaortic stenosis in adult dogs
Authors: Javard Romain , Bélanger Marie-Claude , Côté Etienne , Beauchamp Guy , Pibarot Philippe 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the usefulness of Doppler-derived peak flow velocity through the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT Vmax) and effective orifice area indexed to body surface area (EOAi) in puppies to predict development of subaortic stenosis (SAS) in the same dogs as adults.
Design—Prospective, longitudinal, observational study.
Animals—38 Golden Retrievers.
Procedures—Cardiac auscultation and echocardiography were performed on 2- to 6-month-old puppies, then repeated at 12 to 18 months. Subaortic stenosis was diagnosed when LVOT Vmax was ≥ 2.3 m/s in adult dogs with left basilar systolic murmurs.
Results—All puppies with EOAi < 1.46 cm2/m2 had SAS as adults. All adults with EOAi < 1.29 cm2/m2 had SAS. An LVOT Vmax > 2.3 m/s in puppyhood was 63% sensitive and 100% specific for SAS in adulthood. In puppies, LVOT Vmax was more strongly associated with a future diagnosis of SAS (area under the curve [AUC], 0.89) than was EOAi (AUC, 0.80). In puppies, the combination of LVOT Vmax and EOAi yielded slightly higher sensitivity (69%) and specificity (100%) for adult SAS than did LVOT Vmax alone. In unaffected and affected dogs, LVOT Vmax increased significantly from puppyhood to adulthood but EOAi did not.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In Golden Retriever puppies, LVOT Vmax > 2.3 m/s and EOAi < 1.46 cm2/m2 were both associated with a diagnosis of SAS at adulthood. The combination of these 2 criteria may result in higher sensitivity for SAS screening. Unlike LVOT Vmax, EOAi did not change during growth in either unaffected Golden Retrievers or those with SAS.
L’unique galatomachie découverte à Pergame
Authors: Courtieu Gilles 
Published: December 2014

The only galatomachy found in Pergamon.
A small bronze plate from the Pergamon Museum offers a new point of view on the confrontation between the Attalid dynasty and its opponents, mostly Galatians. The scene displays archetypes, such as the Galatian warrior, depicted here as a Celt. Royal troops are also present, and some "Anatolian" individuals. The Attalid troops don’t occupy much space, but are remarkable for their organized position as well as the Macedonian emblems they bear, a fact that confirms that for this monarchy, the unchanging military reference remains the Argead Macedonia.
Acetabular cup liner and prosthetic head exchange to increase the head diameter for management of recurrent luxation of a prosthetic hip in two dogs
Authors: Sidebotham C. , Marcellin-Little D. J. , Roe S. C. 
Published: December 2014

SummaryComponent malalignment and impingement are possible causes of recurrent luxation following total hip replacement in the dog. In the two cases presented in this report, luxation that was probably due to impingement was managed by exchanging the standard 17 mm prosthetic head for a 24 mm prosthetic head. This required removal of the original acetabular cup liner and placement of a new polyethylene liner that would accept the 24 mm head into the stable acetabular shell. In the first case, a 50 kg Malamute dog, recurrent luxation was initially managed by component alignment revision, iliofemoral suture, triple pelvic osteotomy and a novel lasso technique, without long-term success. After exchanging the head and cup liner, luxation did not recur over a 12-month period. In the second case, a 65 kg Newfoundland dog, impingement was suspected after a second luxation event. Luxation did not recur during the nine months after exchange of the head and cup liner. The larger prosthetic head used in these two cases increased the impingement-free range-of-motion of the joint and increased the translation distance required for luxation (jump distance).
A study on the inhibitory mechanism for cholesterol absorption by α-cyclodextrin administration
Authors: Furune Takahiro , Ikuta Naoko , Ishida Yoshiyuki , Okamoto Hinako , Nakata Daisuke , Terao Keiji , Sakamoto Norihiro 
Published: December 2014

Background: Micelle formation of cholesterol with lecithin and bile salts is a key process for intestinal absorption of lipids. Some dietary fibers commonly used to reduce the lipid content in the body are thought to inhibit lipid absorption by binding to bile salts and decreasing the lipid solubility. Amongst these, α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) is reportedly one of the most powerful dietary fibers for decreasing blood cholesterol. However, it is difficult to believe that α-CD directly removes cholesterol because it has a very low affinity for cholesterol and its mechanism of action is less well understood than those of other dietary fibers. To identify this mechanism, we investigated the interaction of α-CD with lecithin and bile salts, which are essential components for the dissolution of cholesterol in the small intestine, and the effect of α-CD on micellar solubility of cholesterol.Results: α-CD was added to Fed-State Simulated Intestinal Fluid (FeSSIF), and precipitation of a white solid was observed. Analytical data showed that the precipitate was a lecithin and α-CD complex with a molar ratio of 1:4 or 1:5. The micellar solubility of cholesterol in the mixture of FeSSIF and α-CD was investigated, and found to decrease through lecithin precipitation caused by the addition of α-CD, in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, each of several other water-soluble dietary fibers was added to the FeSSIF, and no precipitate was generated.Conclusion: This study suggests that α-CD decreases the micellar solubility of cholesterol in the lumen of the small intestine via the precipitation of lecithin from bile salt micelles by complex formation with α-CD. It further indicates that the lecithin precipitation effect on the bile salt micelles by α-CD addition clearly differs from addition of other water-soluble dietary fibers. The decrease in micellar cholesterol solubility in the FeSSIF was the strongest with α-CD addition.
Genetic Polymorphisms of Foxp3 in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Paradowska-Gorycka Agnieszka , Jurkowska Monika , Felis-Giemza Anna , Romanowska-Próchnicka Katarzyna , Manczak Malgorzata , Maslinski Slawomir , Olesinska Marzena 
Published: December 2014

Objective.The aim of the study was to identify 2 polymorphic variants in the promoter region of the Foxp3 gene and their possible association with susceptibility to and severity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The association between genetic factors and pathogenesis suggests that T cells take part in the induction of RA. The CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ subset of regulatory T cells plays an essential role in preventing autoimmunity and maintaining immune homeostasis.Methods.Patients with RA (n = 274) and healthy individuals (n = 295) were examined for −3279 C/A and −924 A/G Foxp3 gene polymorphisms by the polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment-length polymorphism method. Serum Foxp3 levels in patients with RA and controls were measured with ELISA.Results.Foxp3 −3279 A and −924 G alleles were associated with significantly elevated risk of RA in the population tested (p = 0.003 and p = 0.004, respectively) compared to the wild-type alleles. Overall, −3279 C/A and −924 A/G Foxp3 gene polymorphisms were in indistinct linkage disequilibrium with D′ = 0.481 and r2 = 0.225. From 4 possible haplotypes, frequencies of 2 (AG and CA) showed significant differences between both examined groups (respectively, p < 0.001 and p = 0.007). After appropriate adjustment of Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, the genotype-phenotype analysis showed no significant correlation of the Foxp3 −3279 C/A and −924 A/G polymorphisms with the disease activity, joint damage, laboratory variables, and extraarticular manifestation in patients with RA. Serum Foxp3 level was significantly higher in patients than in controls (p < 0.0001).Conclusion.Current findings indicated that the Foxp3 genetic polymorphism and the Foxp3 protein level may be associated with susceptibility to RA in the Polish population.
PTPN22 R620W Polymorphism and ANCA Disease Risk in White Populations: A Metaanalysis
Authors: Cao Yali , Liu Kuo , Tian Zhigang , Hogan Susan L. , Yang Jiajin , Poulton Caroline J. , Falk Ronald J. , Li Wenge 
Published: December 2014

Objective.No clear consensus has been reached on the PTPN22 R620W polymorphism and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) disease, especially when stratified by ANCA specificity and disease phenotypes.Methods.A metaanalysis was conducted on the PTPN22 R620W polymorphism across 4 studies in 1399 white patients with ANCA disease and 9934 normal control subjects.Results.Overall, metaanalysis showed a statistically significant association between the A allele and ANCA disease in all subjects (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.26–1.64, p < 0.00001), and stratification by disease category indicated the A allele was associated with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s; GPA; OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.35–2.20, p < 0.0001) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA; OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.08–2.15, p = 0.02) as compared to controls. However, when stratified by ANCA specificity, the association of the A allele was statistically evident among those with proteinase 3 (PR3) ANCA disease (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.25–2.430, p = 0.001), with the same trend but not statistically associated with myeloperoxidase ANCA disease (OR 1.94, 95% CI 0.64–5.85, p = 0.24). The marked associations were also demonstrated between this allele with lung (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.21–2.36, p = 0.002), ENT (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.45–2.84, p < 0.0001), skin (OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.69–3.84, p < 0.0001), and peripheral neuropathy involvement (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.39–3.22, p = 0.0005).Conclusion.The PTPN22 620W allele confers susceptibility to the occurrence and development of ANCA disease in whites, with specific evidence among subsets with GPA, MPA, and PR3 ANCA.
Polymyositis/dermatomyositis and Malignancy Risk: A Metaanalysis Study
Authors: Yang Zaixing , Lin Feng , Qin Baodong , Liang Yan , Zhong Renqian 
Published: December 2014

Objective.To investigate the association between polymyositis (PM)/dermatomyositis (DM) and risks of malignancy.Methods.We searched Pubmed for articles dated before August 16, 2013. Studies were included if they met the following criteria: (1) a cohort or observational study; (2) PM or DM as one of the exposures of interest; (3) cancer as an outcome of interest; and (4) the rate ratio (RR) or standardized incidence ratio (SIR) were available with their 95% CI. We used random-effects or fixed-effects models to calculate the pooled RR according to the heterogeneity test.Results.Twenty publications were included. Compared with the general population, the pooled RR for patients with PM, DM, and PM/DM were 1.62 (95% CI 1.19–2.04), 5.50 (4.31–6.70), and 4.07 (3.02–5.12), respectively. The increased risks were more significant in patients within the first year of myositis diagnosis, male patients, and population-based studies (for DM). A significant association was also found between PM or DM and most site-specific malignancies. However, both PM and DM were not associated with stomach and prostate cancers. Significant heterogeneity was found between studies on association between PM/DM and overall malignancy, but not between PM/DM and the majority of site-specific malignancies, suggesting that that inherent malignancy difference may be a major source of heterogeneity.Conclusion.The present metaanalysis indicates that PM and DM are significantly associated with increased risks of overall malignancy and most site-specific malignancies. The number of studies on association between PM or DM and some malignancies is too small to draw a firm conclusion. Accordingly, more research is needed for these malignancies.
Le parrainage sportif des PME : Un instrument d'enracinement territorial ?
Authors: Jouny Julien , Phanuel Dominique 
Published: December 2014

Cet article souligne la faiblesse de la dimension territoriale et proxémique du parrainage sportif des PME dans la littérature. A contrario, par sérendipité, les résultats de cette recherche exploratoire montrent que le parrainage sportif constitue un instrument de légitimation territoriale de la PME. Un modèle processuel reposant sur 5 dimensions est proposé. Il s’organise autour de trois blocs : les antécédents du parrainage sportif, le parrainage sportif comme source de légitimité et ses impacts relationnels et économiques.
L'approche par les ressources des réseaux d'accompagnement entrepreneurial
Authors: Pluchart Jean-Jacques 
Published: December 2014

Les recherches sur les processus d’accompagnement des créateurs d’entreprises et sur la mesure de leurs performances, sont encore émergentes. L’étude restituée dans cet article analyse l’évolution des différentes ressources apportées aux créateurs d’entreprise par les réseaux d’accompagnement et leurs effets sur la pérennité des entreprises accompagnées. L’étude repose sur l’analyse comparée des trajectoires suivies par 37 projets de créations de TME accompagnées par une pépinière d’entreprises d’Ile de France. Elle fait principalement appel à la méthode originale des études de cas narratives quantifiées.
Les mécanismes de contrôle de l'administration en chine. Une « société harmonieuse » peut-elle se construire au détriment de l'État de droit ?
Authors: Li Zhang 
Published: December 2014

Résumé	Pendant les dix dernières années, pour promouvoir son ambition de créer une « société harmonieuse », la Chine a pris des mesures dans le domaine du contrôle de l’administration. Cependant, à défaut de considérations approfondies, ce processus, incarné par le perfectionnement du	Xinfang et la mise en œuvre de la grande médiation judiciaire, a généré des conséquences négatives sur l’affirmation du principe de l’État de droit en Chine. D’où la nécessité de s’interroger sur le vrai sens de l’harmonie sociétale. Ce n’est que lorsque les différentes modalités de contrôle de l’administration seront en harmonie sur le plan juridique que sera éventuellement réalisée une véritable harmonie sociétale qui implique avant tout le respect des principes d’égalité, de légalité et de sécurité juridique.
La politique énergétique au cœur de la modernisation chinoise
Authors: Balme Richard , Romano Giulia Clara 
Published: December 2014

Résumé	Malgré la floraison ces dernières années des industries vertes, il n’est pas approprié jusqu’ici de parler d’une « transition énergétique chinoise ». La forte emprise de l’État et de ses grands groupes énergétiques sur la production et la distribution, placé au cœur du développement industriel et maillant l’ensemble du territoire, rend difficile l’émergence d’une « économie bas carbone » et la possibilité d’une réelle transition énergétique à court terme. Malgré l’introduction de mesures d’efficacité et la promotion active des énergies renouvelables, les options adoptées par le gouvernement chinois visent essentiellement la sécurité énergétique du pays, sans qu’une diminution significative de la consommation des énergies carbonées soit encore en vue.
L'arme du pouvoir et le pouvoir des armes : analyse des évolutions contemporaines de l'armée populaire de liberation
Authors: Puig Emmanuel 
Published: December 2014

Résumé	Parallèlement à sa montée en puissance économique, la Chine refonde et développe ses capacités militaires. Aujourd’hui le régime chinois possède une armée fiable et compétente qui constitue un indéniable attribut de puissance sur la scène internationale. Pourtant, l’évolution des capacités chinoises entraîne de profondes mutations de sa structure de défense. L’acquisition de nouveaux moyens implique des changements doctrinaux, une refonte de certaines structures de commandement, une évolution de la formation et une évolution de la politisation de l’APL. Aussi, les évolutions contemporaines de l’APL ne peuvent-elles être appréhendées selon leur seul aspect capacitaire. Aujourd’hui, alors que la Chine est la deuxième puissance mondiale, ce processus de modernisation militaire est toujours en cours, et il apparait, à bien des égards, complexe car ramifié au-delà du champ de la défense. À partir d’une description structurelle de l’APL aujourd’hui, cet article analyse les étapes fondamentales du processus de transformation militaire qui a eu lieu au cours des vingt dernières années, et cela afin d’éclairer le statut et l’influence politique des forces armées chinoises aujourd’hui.
Le management à l'allemande : un actif méconnu ?
Authors: Lang Gerald , Mottis Nicolas 
Published: December 2014

Dans le débat animé que nous connaissons depuis quelques années sur les divergences existant entre les économies française et allemande, une idée fréquemment évoquée est celle d’un « modèle allemand » qui serait globalement plus performant que son pendant français. Sur ce point, l’essentiel des discussions est centré sur les caractéristiques structurelles et macro-économiques de chacun des deux pays. En France, l’accent est plutôt mis sur l’appui que les pouvoirs publics peuvent apporter aux entreprises (système fiscal ou de protection sociale, coût du travail, soutien à des secteurs spécifiques, etc.), alors que, de l’autre côté du Rhin, cette dimension revêt un caractère relativement secondaire. Bizarrement, un aspect est souvent négligé, voire même complètement oublié : le management. Néanmoins, c’est dans le travail au quotidien au sein des entreprises petites et grandes, qu’est mis en œuvre ce « modèle allemand », son succès dépendant beaucoup de la façon dont y sont gérés les projets et les équipes. Cet article s’intéresse donc à certains traits caractéristiques du management à l’allemande, et aux différences qu’il présente avec le management à la française. L’objectif est de compléter l’analyse et la compréhension du « modèle allemand » par une perspective micro-économique, renvoyant davantage aux pratiques concrètes au sein des entreprises qu’aux grands débats macro-économiques.
Une stratégie différente de celle de la France : la politique énergétique allemande
Authors: Linkohr Rolf 
Published: December 2014

Peu après la catastrophe nucléaire de Fukushima, la chancelière allemande, Angela Merkel, a annoncé un changement de cap dans le domaine énergétique, avec une sortie complète du nucléaire d’ici à 2022 et un recours massif aux énergies renouvelables. L’objectif annoncé est de porter la part de ces énergies dans le mix énergétique à 35 % en 2035, et d’atteindre plus de 80 % à l’échéance 2050. Mais cette politique de transition énergétique, qui donne lieu à un large consensus dans le pays, se heurte à de nombreuses difficultés : un réseau de transport de l’électricité inadapté, le coût très élevé des investissements, des prix de l’électricité exorbitants pour les consommateurs... Aujourd’hui, ce n’est pas le principe du changement qui suscite des interrogations, mais plutôt son rythme et son coût.