bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Block Copolymers by Multi‐Mode Polymerizations
Authors: Tasdelen Mehmet Atilla , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The sections in this article are

Introduction

Coupling Methods

Transformation Reactions

Transformations Involving Anionic and Controlled Radical Polymerization

Transformations Involving Cationic and Controlled Radical Polymerization

Transformations Involving Anionic and Cationic Polymerizations

Transformations Involving Metathesis Polymerization

Transformations Involving
Z
iegler–
N
atta Polymerization

Transformations Involving the Same Polymerization Mechanism

Dual Polymerizations

Conclusions
Recent Advances in
ADMET
Polycondensation Chemistry
Authors: Berda Erik B. , Wagener Kenneth B. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The sections in this article are

Introduction

Functionalized Polyethylenes

Linear Ethylene/Vinyl Ether Copolymers

Linear Ethylene/Acrylic Acid Copolymers

Phosphonic Acid‐Functionalized Polyethylenes

Functional Polymers and Materials via
ADMET

“Latent Reactive” Polycarbosilane and Polycarbosiloxane Elastomers

Conjugated Polymers via
ADMET

Exotic Polymer Structures

Hyperbranched Architectures via
ADMET

Supramolecular Graft Copolymers

Daisy‐Chain Polymers

Summary and Outlook
Macromolecular Engineering via
RAFT
Chemistry: From Sequential to Modular Design
Authors: Barner‐Kowollik Christopher , Blinco James P. , Perrier Sébastien 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The sections in this article are

Introduction

Sequential Design

Molecular Weight Range

Functional Monomers: Possibilities, Limits, and Challenges

Block Copolymers: Combinations, Block Lengths, and Purities

Modular Design

End‐Group Chemistry

Ligation Protocols

Conclusions
Hyperbranched Polymers: Synthesis and Characterization Aspects
Authors: Voit Brigitte , Komber Hartmut , Lederer Albena 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroductionSynthetic MethodologiesStep‐Growth ApproachesChain‐Growth ApproachesCharacterization AspectsSubstructures, Degree of Branching, and Structure FormationDetermination of Degree of BranchingSeparation Techniques forhbPolymersMolar Mass Separation and DetectionMultidimensionality of the PolydispersitySize Determination and Scaling Parameters ofhbPolymersConclusions
Two‐Dimensional Polymers
Authors: Sakamoto Junji , Schlüter A. Dieter 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroductionWhy 2‐DPolymers?What Is Not Considered a 2‐DPolymer?General Considerations on Rational 2‐DPolymer SynthesisApproaches to 2‐DPolymers and Related StructuresThermolytic SynthesisSynthesis in the FlaskSynthesis in 2‐DConfinementPolymerization at Gas/Liquid and Liquid/Liquid InterfacesPolymerization in Layered TemplatesPolymerization in Layered Monomer AssembliesPolymerization on Solid SubstratesMiscellaneousConclusions and Outlook
Poly(para‐Phenylene Vinylene)s
Authors: Vilbrandt Nicole , Nickel Serena , Immel Stefan , Rehahn Matthias , Stegmaier Katja , Melzer Christian , von Seggern Heinz 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis chapter provides a brief summary of the available synthetic methods leading to poly(p‐phenylene vinylene)s (PPVs), followed by a detailed discussion of the mechanism of PPV synthesis, employing the Gilch route. In the latter case,in situ‐generatedp‐quinodimethanes are shown to be the active monomers. Spontaneously formed diradicals initiate the chain growth, and are the reason why [2.2]paracyclophanes are formed as side products. Oxygen is identified as a highly efficient molar mass‐regulating agent, and evidence is provided as to whyE‐configured halide‐bearing vinylene moieties should be perceived as being among the most critical chain defects with respect to the efficiency and durability of (opto)electronic devices based on Gilch‐PPVs.
“Click” Chemistry in Polymer Science: CuAACand Thiol–Ene Coupling for the Synthesis and Functionalization of Macromolecules
Authors: Robb Maxwell J. , Hawker Craig J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroduction and Perspective1,3‐Dipolar CycloadditionThiol–Ene CouplingPolymers from “Click” Chemistry“Click” Functionalization of PolymersChain‐End‐Functional PolymersPolymers with Pendant FunctionalityGraft Copolymers“Grafting‐Onto” StrategyStar PolymersDendritic PolymersDendrimersHyperbranched MacromoleculesDendronized PolymersMacrocyclic PolymersPolymer NetworksSummary and Conclusions
Accelerated Approaches to Dendrimers
Authors: Valérie Walter Marie , Malkoch Michael 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The sections in this article are

Introduction

Classification and Synthesis

Dendrimer Definitions

Dendritic Growth Approaches

Divergent Growth Approach

Convergent Growth Approach

Accelerated Synthesis of Dendrimers

The Need for Accelerated Synthesis

Definition of Accelerated Synthesis

Revised Synthetic Strategies for Dendrimers

Hypermonomer Strategy

Double‐Stage Convergent Growth

Double Exponential Growth

Orthogonal Approaches

Chemoselectivity

Orthogonal Growth of Dendrimers

Heteromultifunctional Dendrimers

One‐Pot Synthesis

Evolution of Synthetic Strategies for
Bis
‐
MPA
Dendrimers

Summary and Conclusions
Dendronized Polymers: An Approach to Single Molecular Objects
Authors: Khan Anzar , Zhang Baozhong , Schlüter A. Dieter 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The sections in this article are

Introduction

Synthesis

The Macromonomer Route

Homopolymers

Alternating Copolymers

Block Copolymers

Cyclic Polymers

Grafting‐From Route

Grafting‐To Route

Quantification of Thickness

Responsivity of Dendronized Polymers

Single Chain Folding

Thermal and Mechanical Responsiveness

Manipulation on Surfaces and Building Objects

Conclusions

Acknowledgments
Polymer Synthesis: An Industrial Perspective
Authors: Koltzenburg Sebastian 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The sections in this article are

About this Chapter

Why?

Thesis: There Are No Limits to the Fantasy of a Synthetic Polymer Chemist

Antithesis: We May Be Able to Synthesize Millions of New Polymers – But
Why
Should We Do So?

Synthesis

Polymer Chemistry in Two Dimensions: Coatings

Polymer Chemistry Going Broad: Effects of Molar Mass Distribution

Polymer Chemistry Meets The Life Sciences: Polymeric Drug‐Delivery Systems

Conclusions

Acknowledgments
Microfabricated Porous Silk Scaffolds for Vascularizing Engineered Tissues
Authors: Wray Lindsay S. , Tsioris Konstantinos , Gil Eun Seok , Omenetto Fiorenzo G. , Kaplan David L. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThere is critical clinical demand for tissue‐engineered (TE), 3D constructs for tissue repair and organ replacements. Current efforts toward this goal are prone to necrosis at the core of larger constructs because of limited oxygen and nutrient diffusion. Therefore, critically sized 3D TE constructs demand an immediate vascular system for sustained tissue function upon implantation. To address this challenge the goal of this project was to develop a strategy to incorporate microchannels into a porous silk TE scaffold that could be fabricated reproducibly using microfabrication and soft lithography. Silk is a suitable biopolymer material for this application because it is mechanically robust, biocompatible, slowly degrades in vivo, and has been used in a variety of TE constructs. Here, the fabrication of a silk‐based TE scaffold that contains an embedded network of porous microchannels is reported. Enclosed porous microchannels support endothelial lumen formation, a critical step toward development of the vascular niche, while the porous scaffold surrounding the microchannels supports tissue formation, demonstrated using human mesenchymal stem cells. This approach for fabricating vascularized TE constructs is advantageous compared to previous systems, which lack porosity and biodegradability or degrade too rapidly to sustain tissue structure and function. The broader impact of this research will enable the systemic study and development of complex, critically‐sized engineered tissues, from regenerative medicine to in vitro tissue models of disease states.
8p23.1 duplication detected by array‐CGH with complete atrioventricular septal defect and unilateral hand preaxial hexadactyly
Authors: Zhang Yanliang , Li Ya , Wang Yuming , Shan Bin , Duan Yong 
Published: February 2013

Abstract8p23.1 duplication syndrome is a genomic condition with variable phenotype. Isolated 8p23.1 duplication is rare. Here, we report on additional isolated 8p23.1 duplication in a fetus with complete atrioventricular septal defect and right hand preaxial hexadactyly diagnosed by array comparative genomic hybridization (array‐CGH). Array‐CGH indicated an ∼1.43 Mb duplication between 8p23.1 olfactory receptor/defensin repeats (ORDRs) in this case, which contains 27 genes of which 21 are known and 6 are novel, including GATA4 and SOX7 and one micro‐RNA gene. In order to better understanding the genotype–phenotype association of 8p23.1 duplications, we summarized the present case and 10 previously reported patients with isolated 8p23.1 duplications between ORDRs and found that minor anomalies (6/11), congenital heart defect (6/11), developmental delay (5/11), and neurodevelopmental problems (5/11) are recurrent manifestations in 8p23.1 duplication patients. Thus, we suggest that 8p23.1 duplications between ORDRs generally result in clinical phenotypes and the phenotypes vary between patients. Because true duplications and euchromatic variants (EVs) of 8p23.1 are cytogenetically indistinguishable and usually lead to different clinical results, it is necessary to differentiate 8p23.1 duplications from EVs using molecular cytogenetic techniques. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Maternal vitamin K deficient embryopathy: Association with hyperemesis gravidarum and Crohn disease
Authors: Toriello Helga V. , Erick Miriam , Alessandri Jean‐Luc , Bailey Diana , Brunetti‐Pierri Nicola , Cox Helen , Fryer Alan , Marty Denise , McCurdy Charles , Mulliken John B. , Murphy Helen , Omlor Joseph , Pauli Richard M. , Ranells Judith D. , Sanchez‐Valle Amarillis , Tobiasz Ana , Van Maldergem Lionel , Lin Angela E. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractChondrodysplasia punctata (CDP) is an etiologically heterogeneous disorder characterized by the radiographic finding of stippled epiphyses (punctate calcifications). It is often accompanied by a characteristic facial appearance, known as the Binder phenotype, which is attributed to hypoplasia of the nasal cartilages; abnormal distal phalanges (brachytelephalangy) are a common component manifestation as well. We report eight patients with a Binder phenotype with or without CDP who all shared a known or suspected maternal deficiency of vitamin K. We suspect that this phenotype is probably under recognized, and we hope to increase awareness about the maternal risk factors, especially hyperemesis gravidarum, which lead to nutritional deficiency. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thymidylate synthase polymorphisms and risks of human orofacial clefts
Authors: Shaw Gary M. , Yang Wei , Perloff Spencer , Shaw Nathan M. , Carmichael Suzan L. , Zhu Huiping , Lammer Edward J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractOBJECTIVE: Underlying mechanisms are unknown by which folic acid use in early pregnancy may reduce risks of orofacial clefts. Thymidylate synthase (TYMS) is a folate‐dependent enzyme that catalyzes reductive methylation of deoxyuridylate to thymidylate, thereby playing a central role in DNA synthesis and repair. We investigated two TYMS functional variants (a 28‐bp tandem repeat in the promoter enhancer region of the 5′‐UTR; and TYMS 1494del6 (rs16430): a 6‐bp deletion in the 3′‐UTR) for their risk of cleft palate (CP) and of cleft lip with/without CP (CLP). We investigated effect measure modification between these variants and maternal folate intake for cleft risk. DESIGN: This case‐control study included deliveries from July 1999 to June 2003 from select areas of California. Case groups included CLP or CP alone. Nonmalformed, liveborn controls were randomly selected. Maternal interviews provided information on vitamin use and dietary folate intake. DNA was derived from newborn bloodspots. RESULTS: Data were available for 304 CLP cases, 123 CP cases, and 581 controls. 1496del6 variants did not appear to influence risk of CP or CLP. Homozygosity for the 28‐bp VNTR variant influenced CP risk (odds ratios, OR = 1.8, 95% confidence interval, 1.1–3.1), particularly among Hispanic infants, OR 2.1 (1.0–4.6). Effect measure modification was observed between the 28‐bp VNTR and combined folate intake for CP with an OR of 10.0 (1.6–60.9). CONCLUSION: Although these findings are consistent with biological mechanisms, they were based on relatively small sample sizes and may represent false‐positive discoveries. Replication is warranted in other populations. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 97:95–100, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on serum troponin T level following elective percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Ahmed Rashed M. , Mohamed El‐Haddad A. , Ashraf Mostafa , Maithili Shenoy , Nabil Farag , Rami Raymond , Mohamed Tahir I. 
Published: February 2013

BackgroundElective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with myocardial necrosis, as evidenced by troponin release, in approximately one‐third of cases. This is known to be linked with subsequent cardiovascular events. This study assessed the ability of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) to attenuate cardiac troponin T (cTnT) release after elective PCI.ObjectiveEvaluation of effect of RIPC on myocardial markers following elective PCI.MethodsOne hundred and forty nine consecutive patients undergoing elective PCI with undetectable preprocedural cTnT were recruited. Subjects were randomized to receive RIPC (induced by three 5‐min inflations of a blood pressure cuff to 200 mm Hg around the upper arm, followed by 5‐min intervals of reperfusion) or control (cuff deflated) immediately before arrival in the cardiac catheterization room. The primary outcome was cTnT level at approximately 16 hr after PCI. Secondary outcomes included occurrence of postprocedural myocardial infarction (MI), CKMB levels at 16 hr after PCI and assessment of the inflammatory response as measured by C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels.ResultsThe mean cTnT at 16 hr after PCI was lower in the RIPC group compared with the control group. (0.020 vs. 0.047 ng/ml; P = 0.047) Occurrence of postprocedural MI, CKMB and CRP levels did not differ in both groups (P = 0.097, 0.537, and 0.481 respectively).ConclusionThe use of RIPC immediately prior to PCI attenuates procedure‐related cTnT release and does not affect occurrence of post procedural MI, CKMB, or CRP levels. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long‐term clinical outcomes after unprotected left main coronary artery stenting in an all‐comers patient population
Authors: Ali Mohammed , Hanley Alan , McAdam Brendan , O'Hanlon Rory , Gumbrielle Thomas , Sheahan Richard , Foley David P. 
Published: February 2013

BackgroundThe goal of treating patients with coronary artery disease is to improve survival and relieve symptoms. Several studies have compared the safety and efficacy of left main coronary artery (LMCA) stenting and coronary‐artery bypass grafting in case control and randomized trials.ObjectiveIn this study we present the long term outcome of stenting unprotected LMCA stenosis in day to day practice in unselected patients.MethodsOne hundred and fifty eight patients were prospectively recruited with symptomatic unprotected LMCA stenosis undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Using the euroSCORE, each patient's surgical mortality risk was estimated. Study end‐points were any major adverse cardiac event (MACE) defined as cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or target lesion revascularization at follow‐up with either CABG or repeat PCI.ResultsThe mean follow‐up was 54 ± 25 months. The mean euroSCORE was 10.6 ± 13.4 (0.9–71) and the mean SYNTAX score was 39.6 ± 10.7 (10–65). The MACE rate was 11.4% at a mean follow up of 54 months. Six (3.8%) patients suffered postprocedure myocardial infarction. There were 24 (15%) deaths of which 12 were cardiac (mean euroSCORE 21.6 ± 5.5 P < 0.001). Repeat angiography was performed in 88 (55.7%) patients. Seven (4.4%) patients had in‐stent restenosis; three occurred in BMS (P = 0.06). Two patients underwent revascularization with CABG and five had successful repeat PCI.ConclusionIn this on‐going registry of high risk patients with LMCA stenosis, stenting was found to be safe and clinically effective in maintaining event‐free survival.© 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Physical Properties of Single Crystal PrCr2Al20 and CeM2Al20 (M: V, Cr): A Comparison of Compounds Adopting the CeCr2Al20 Structure Type.
Authors: Kangas Michael J. , Schmitt Devin C. , Sakai Akito , Nakatsuji Satoru , Chan Julia Y. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractCrystals of LnTi2Al20 (Ln: La—Pr, Sm, Yb), LnV2Al20 (Ln: La—Pr, Sm), and LnCr2Al20 (Ln: La—Pr, Sm, Yb) are prepared from the elements by the flux growth method (alumina crucibles, 1423 K, slow cooling to 1023 K).
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Consideration on the Emission Properties of Eu2+‐Doped Li2BaMgP2O8 and Na2BaMgP2O8 Orthophosphates.
Authors: Yonesaki Yoshinori , Matsuda Chihiro , Dong Qiang 
Published: February 2013

AbstractLi2BaMgP2O8 crystallizes in the trigonal space group P$\bar 3$ with Z = 1 (powder XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrathin Ca‐PO4‐CO3 Solid Solution Nanowires: A Controllable Synthesis and Full‐Color Emission by Rare‐Earth Doping.
Authors: Hui Junfeng , Yu Qiyu , Long Yong , Zhang Zhicheng , Yang Yong , Wang Pengpeng , Xu Biao , Wang Xun 
Published: February 2013

AbstractUltrathin Ca‐PO4‐CO3 solid solution nanowires are synthesized from aqueous solutions of Ca(NO3)2, Na2CO3, and Na3PO4 containing octadecylamine, EtOH, and oleic acid (autoclave, 90—220 °C, 12 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroxide Ion Conducting Antimony(V)‐Doped Tin Pyrophosphate Electrolyte for Intermediate‐Temperature Alkaline Fuel Cells.
Authors: Hibino Takashi , Shen Yanbai , Nishida Masakazu , Nagao Masahiro 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA series of Sn1‐xMxP2O7 (M: V, Nb, Ta, Sb) compounds is synthesized by reaction of SnO2 and M2O5 in aqueous H3PO4 (alumina crucible, 650 °C, 2.5 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Equilibrium Relations in the System TiO2/V2O5/P2O5 and Crystal Structure of a NASICON‐Related Vanadyl(V) Titanium(IV) Phosphate.
Authors: Titlbach Sven , Hoffbauer Wilfried , Glaum Robert 
Published: February 2013

AbstractCrystals of (VO)Ti6(PO4)9 are prepared by solid state reaction of VOPO4 and Ti5O4(PO4)4 in a molar ratio of 3:1 (air, 1023 K, 14 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Polymer‐Supported Hexaethylene Glycolic Ionic Liquid: Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for Nucleophilic Substitutions Including Fluorinations.
Authors: Jadhav Vinod H. , Jeong Hwan‐Jeong , Lim Seok Tae , Sohn Myung‐Hee , Kim Dong Wook 
Published: February 2013

AbstractVarious nucleophilic substitution reactions using the corresponding alkali metal salts are performed in the presence of the title catalyst (I).
ChemInform Abstract: New Efficient Synthesis of Trisubstituted Imidazolidine‐2‐thiones and Thiazoles via Vinyliminophosphoranes.
Authors: Xie Hai , Liu Jian‐Chao , Wu Lei , Ding Ming‐Wu 
Published: February 2013

AbstractReaction of vinyliminophosphorane (I) with carbon disulfide gives intermediate isothiocyanate (III) which directly reacts with various aliphatic primary amines (IV) to afford the trisubstituted imidazolidinethiones (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine‐Induced Regioselective Direct Alkylation of Azoles via in situ Formed Alkyliodide.
Authors: Chen Wenlin , Yan Rulong , Tang Dong , Guo Shuaibo , Meng Xu , Chen Baohua 
Published: February 2013

AbstractVarious azoles are directly alkylated by reaction with ketones in the presence of iodine via in situ formed alkyliodides.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Arylation of α‐Imino Esters.
Authors: Chen Jiayan , Lu Xiaoxia , Lou Wenyong , Ye Yong , Jiang Huanfeng , Zeng Wei 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIt is found that Pd(OAc)2 in combination with the oxazoline ligand BOX efficiently promote the asymmetric coupling of α‐imino esters with a number of arylboronic acids yielding arylglycine esters in good to high enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalyzed Anodic Oxidation of Aldehydes.
Authors: Finney Eric E. , Ogawa Kelli A. , Boydston Andrew J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe direct anodic oxidation of the organocatalytically generated intermediate derived from the aldehyde and thiazolium perchlorate MTP or ITP (Breslow intermediates) in the presence of a variety of alcohols affords carboxylic acid esters without the use of exogenous oxidants.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of γ,δ‐Unsaturated β‐Amino Sulfones from Ellman′s N‐tert‐Butylsulfinyl Ketimines and Methyl Phenyl Sulfone.
Authors: Zhang Hua , Li Ya , Xu Fanghui , Ren Xin Feng , Wang Le , Zhou Pei , Sun Zhihua 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA convenient procedure is presented for the base‐mediated addition of sulfone (II) to optically active ketimines to produce title compounds (III) with high diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of N‐Heterocyclic Chlorides and Bromides with Arylmagnesium Reagents.
Authors: Kuzmina Olesya M. , Steib Andreas K. , Flubacher Dietmar , Knochel Paul 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe apolar cosolvent is essential to achieve high yields without formation of homocoupling by‐products.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Furans and Furanones from Sulfur Ylides.
Authors: Huang Xueliang , Peng Bo , Luparia Marco , Gomes Luis F. R. , Veiros Luis F. , Maulide Nuno 
Published: February 2013

AbstractDoubly stabilized sulfonium ylides undergo an intra‐ or intermolecular coupling reaction with alkynes in the presence of modified gold catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: Photodecarboxylative Addition of Carboxylates to Phthalimides: A Concise Access to Biologically Active 3‐(Alkyl and Aryl)methylene‐1H‐isoindolin‐1‐ones.
Authors: Hatoum Fadi , Engler Jana , Zelmer Christina , Wissen Johannes , Motti Cherie Ann , Lex Johann , Oelgemoeller Michael 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA simple two‐step sequence provides the products with high (E)‐selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical and Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 3‐(Arylmethylene)isoindolin‐1‐ones from 2‐Formylbenzoic Acid.
Authors: Reyes‐Gonzalez Miguel Angel , Zamudio‐Medina Angel , Ordonez Mario 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAn efficient two‐step approach allows the synthesis of the title compounds, substructures of natural products and medicinal agents.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Characterization of New C2‐ and C1‐Symmetric Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorous, and Sulfur Derivatives and Analogues of TADDOL. Part 2. TADDAMIN‐Derived and Phosphorous‐Containing Compounds.
Authors: Pichota Arkadius , Gramlich Volker , Bichsel Hans‐Ulrich , Styner Thomas , Knoepfel Thomas , Wuensch Ralf , Hintermann Tobias , Schweizer W. Bernd , Beck Albert K. , Seebach Dieter 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe crystal structures of ten of the more than 30 new TADDOL derivatives are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Multicomponent Strategy to Pentacyclic Pyrazole‐Fused Naphtho[1,8‐fg]isoquinolines Through Cleavage of Two Carbon—Carbon Bonds.
Authors: Hao Wen‐Juan , Xu Xiao‐Ping , Bai Hui‐Wen , Wang Shun‐Yi , Ji Shun‐Jun 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe insertion of diaroylmethanes into the dione part of (I) proceeds under transition metal free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Evaluation of Electrophilic Heteroaromatic Substitution: Synthesis of Heteroaromatic‐Fused Pyrimidine Derivatives via Sequential Three‐Component Heterocyclization.
Authors: Wong Fung Fuh , Huang Yu‐Ying , Chang Chun‐Hsi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractTreatment of 5‐aminopyrazoles, 5‐aminopyrimidines, 2‐aminopyrazines, 1‐aminonaphthalenes, 5‐amino‐ and 8‐aminoquinolines with formamide and PBr3 provides a new and efficient method to prepare heteroaromatic‐fused pyrimidines.