bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gpr97 is essential for the follicular versus marginal zone B-lymphocyte fate decision
Authors: Wang J-j , Zhang L-l , Zhang Hong-x , Shen C-l , Lu S-y , Kuang Y , Wan Y-h , Wang W-g , Yan H-m , Dang S-y , Fei J , Jin X-l , Wang Z-g 
Published: October 2013

AbstractGpr97 is an orphan adhesion GPCR and is highly conserved among species. Up to now, its physiological function remains largely unknown. Here, we show that Gpr97 deficiency results in an extensive reduction in B220+lymphocytes in mice. More intensive analyses reveal an expanded marginal zone but a decreased follicular B-cell population inGpr97−/−spleen, which displays disorganized architecture characterized by diffuse, irregular B-cell areas and the absence of discrete perifollicular marginal and mantle zones.In vivofunctional studies reveal that the mutant mice could generate antibody responses to T cell-dependent and independent antigens, albeit enhanced response to the former and weakened response to the latter. By screening for the molecular events involved in the observed phenotypes, we found that lambda 5 expression is downregulated and its upstream inhibitorAiolosis increased in the spleen of mutant mice, accompanied by significantly enhanced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of cAMP response element-binding protein. Interestingly, increased constitutive Nf-κb p50/p65 expression and activity were observed inGpr97−/−spleen, implicating a crucial role of Gpr97 in regulating Nf-κb activity. These findings uncover a novel biological function of Gpr97 in regulating B-cell development, implying Gpr97 as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of immunological disorders.
Autophagy and chemotherapy resistance: a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment
Authors: Sui X , Chen R , Wang Z , Huang Z , Kong N , Zhang M , Han W , Lou F , Yang J , Zhang Q , Wang X , He C , Pan H 
Published: October 2013

AbstractInduction of cell death and inhibition of cell survival are the main principles of cancer therapy. Resistance to chemotherapeutic agents is a major problem in oncology, which limits the effectiveness of anticancer drugs. A variety of factors contribute to drug resistance, including host factors, specific genetic or epigenetic alterations in the cancer cells and so on. Although various mechanisms by which cancer cells become resistant to anticancer drugs in the microenvironment have been well elucidated, how to circumvent this resistance to improve anticancer efficacy remains to be defined. Autophagy, an important homeostatic cellular recycling mechanism, is now emerging as a crucial player in response to metabolic and therapeutic stresses, which attempts to maintain/restore metabolic homeostasis through the catabolic lysis of excessive or unnecessary proteins and injured or aged organelles. Recently, several studies have shown that autophagy constitutes a potential target for cancer therapy and the induction of autophagy in response to therapeutics can be viewed as having a prodeath or a prosurvival role, which contributes to the anticancer efficacy of these drugs as well as drug resistance. Thus, understanding the novel function of autophagy may allow us to develop a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance the effects of chemotherapy and improve clinical outcomes in the treatment of cancer patients.
Ligand-specific conformational change of the G-protein–coupled receptor ALX/FPR2 determines proresolving functional responses
Authors: Cooray Sadani N. , Gobbetti Thomas , Montero-Melendez Trinidad , McArthur Simon , Thompson Dawn , Clark Adrian J. L. , Flower Roderick J. , Perretti Mauro 
Published: October 2013

SignificanceInflammation is a crucial host defense response but can cause chronic disease if unregulated. Several endogenous anti-inflammatory and proresolving circuits balance and modulate inflammation, including a mechanism centered on the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) family. One receptor, ALX/FPR2, recognizes both proinflammatory and proresolving signals. We have investigated this unusual molecular mechanism finding that anti-inflammatory, but not proinflammatory signals, activate homodimers of this receptor. This triggers intracellular changes culminating in the release of anti-inflammatory mediators such as IL-10. Heterodimers of ALX with other FPR receptors can transduce proapoptotic signals. These results explain how both the development and resolution of inflammation may be integrated by the same receptor system and show how drugs can be developed that have only anti-inflammatory effects.
Patient Selection for Day Case-eligible Surgery
Authors: Mathis Michael R. , Naughton Norah N. , Shanks Amy M. , Freundlich Robert E. , Pannucci Christopher J. , Chu YiJia , Haus Jason , Morris Michelle , Kheterpal Sachin 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background:
Due to economic pressures and improvements in perioperative care, outpatient surgical procedures have become commonplace. However, risk factors for outpatient surgical morbidity and mortality remain unclear. There are no multicenter clinical data guiding patient selection for outpatient surgery. The authors hypothesize that specific risk factors increase the likelihood of day case-eligible surgical morbidity or mortality.

Methods:
The authors analyzed adults undergoing common day case-eligible surgical procedures by using the American College of Surgeons’ National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2005 to 2010. Common day case-eligible surgical procedures were identified as the most common outpatient surgical Current Procedural Terminology codes provided by Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan and Medicare publications. Study variables included anthropometric data and relevant medical comorbidities. The primary outcome was morbidity or mortality within 72 h. Intraoperative complications included adverse cardiovascular events; postoperative complications included surgical, anesthetic, and medical adverse events.

Results:
Of 244,397 surgeries studied, 232 (0.1%) experienced early perioperative morbidity or mortality. Seven independent risk factors were identified while controlling for surgical complexity: overweight body mass index, obese body mass index, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, history of transient ischemic attack/stroke, hypertension, previous cardiac surgical intervention, and prolonged operative time.

Conclusions:
The demonstrated low rate of perioperative morbidity and mortality confirms the safety of current day case-eligible surgeries. The authors obtained the first prospectively collected data identifying risk factors for morbidity and mortality with day case-eligible surgery. The results of the study provide new data to advance patient-selection processes for outpatient surgery.
A combined CFAHP-FTOPSIS approach for portfolio selection
Authors: Chen Li , Li Benli , Dong Shangjia , Pan Heping 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
– Owing to the importance of the portfolio problem in modern financial investment fields, the aim of this paper is to rank and choose suitable stocks in stock markets under vague environment.

Design/methodology/approach
– Many new principles and methods have been introduced to help the investor to decide which stocks are worth to be chosen. In real word, people prefer to express their attributes by using linguistic terms, so the used data are often imprecise and vague. In this paper, the second method of constrained fuzzy analysis hierarchy process (CFAHP) is used to evaluate the relative weights of the criteria and rank alternatives by fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (FTOPSIS).

Findings
– In this paper, empirical result shows that the proposed method is capable of helping investor to allocate asset in portfolio problems under vague environment.

Research limitations/implications
– The proposed method gives a new mathematical framework for portfolio selection. Investors can decide the asset allocation by using the combination of CFAHP and FTOPSIS.

Practical implications
– Besides the benefit of sorting feature, the proposed method can be used to obtain the asset allocation.

Social implications
– The aim of the portfolio selection theory is to rank and decide the asset allocations. But it is still a difficult task in deciding which assets should be selected under uncertain environment. The proposed method in this paper has been proved to be an efficient method to deal with vague information in decision-making programs.

Originality/value
– This study analyzes the effectiveness of the combined method of CFAHP and TOPSIS in portfolio problem.
Entrepreneurship education: an evaluation of the Young Enterprise Wales initiative
Authors: Jones Paul , Colwill Anne 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present an evaluation of the impact of the Young Enterprise Wales (YEW) programme on its participants. YEW represents the Wales region of the programme which is an annual competition to assist 15-19-year-old secondary school pupils acquire entrepreneurial skills through running a business.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper utilises a semi-structured data collection method within which attitudes, impacts and perceptions of the YEW programme are assessed. In total, 44 participants in a YEW regional final were interviewed and a questionnaire completed.

Findings
– The results indicated a positive participant reaction to the YEW programme with an affirmative response to all questions regarding the impact and experience of the course. The post final results suggested that the programme has improved entrepreneurial competencies and the future potential for business start-up.

Research limitations/implications
– The paper recognises that the research respondents were drawn from one region of the UK and were successful participants in the programme. Further evidence is required to assess the longitudinal impact upon future entrepreneurial behaviour on these individuals.

Practical implications
– The paper contributes to knowledge by adding to a limited literature examining the impact of entrepreneurship education within the 16-19 secondary school age sector. The essential elements of the YE experience are identified and proposed as a model for best practice for enterprise education at this age group.

Originality/value
– The paper contributes to knowledge by adding to a limited literature examining the impact of entrepreneurship education within the 16-19 secondary school age sector. The essential elements of the YE experience are identified and proposed as a model for best practice for enterprise education at this age group.
The process of impact of entrepreneurship education and training on entrepreneurship perception and intention
Authors: Dehghanpour Farashah Ali 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
– Conventional wisdom as well as many studies confirm that entrepreneurship education increases entrepreneurial intention but there is a lack of research on some aspects including conceptual and theoretical development, mechanism of the effect of education and study of regional variations. The paper studies the process of impact of entrepreneurship education and training (EET) on attitudes toward entrepreneurship, perception of social norms, self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention.

Design/methodology/approach
– Empirical data from 601 individuals from Iran is utilized to evaluate the model. The data are reported by Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). Binary logistics regression is used to evaluate the effects of variables.

Findings
– Results show that completion of one entrepreneurship course increases the likelihood of having entrepreneurial intention by 1.3 times. Wald criteria demonstrate that fear of failure, desirability of entrepreneurial career, entrepreneurs’ status in society, self-efficacy and education and training are significant predictors of entrepreneurial intention. Perceived opportunity is not a strong but a moderate predictor.

Research limitations/implications
– Because of the country-level focus of research, the paper's results may lack generalizability. The paper makes no rigid claim of causality. The causality is likely to be bi-directional.

Practical implications
– The findings have wider implications for a theory of entrepreneurial intention and also for the practice of teaching entrepreneurship. Higher efficiency of informal training than formal training, failing entrepreneurship education to provide necessary knowledge and skills for nascent entrepreneurs, and not considering the effect of macro socioeconomic conditions call for an immediate pedagogical redesign of EET in Iran.

Originality/value
– The paper summarizes learning processes and teaching models of entrepreneurship education, matches them with educational theories and makes argument on the mechanism of the effects of education. Then, utilizing empirical data, the paper shows the effectiveness of entrepreneurship training and education initiatives in Iran and propose areas for improvement in the national level based on the summarized educational theories and teaching models.
Entrepreneurial assets and mindsets
Authors: Z. Solesvik Marina , Westhead Paul , Matlay Harry , N. Parsyak Vladimir 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
– Universities provide entrepreneurship-specific education (ESE) to equip students with the entrepreneurial alertness and risk-taking assets required to pursue entrepreneurial careers. Building upon insights from a dynamic view of human capital, the paper explores the linkage between ESE investment, alertness, and risk-taking asset accumulation, and the outcome relating to the intention “to become an entrepreneur” (henceforth termed an “entrepreneurial mindset”).

Design/methodology/approach
– Survey information from 189 students from three universities in the Ukraine was hand collected. Hierarchical multiple ordinary least squares regression analysis and slope analysis were used to test presented hypotheses.

Findings
– ESE students reported higher intensity of entrepreneurial mindset. Further, ESE students who accumulated the connection entrepreneurial alertness asset reported higher intensity of entrepreneurial mindset. ESE students were more oriented to higher entrepreneurial mindset when they had accumulated more connection entrepreneurial alertness asset. ESE students who accumulated the risk-taking propensity asset reported lower intensity of entrepreneurial mindset. ESE students were more oriented to higher entrepreneurial mindset when they perceived less risk.

Originality/value
– The paper makes a novel contribution by considering whether ESE promotes different elements of entrepreneurial alertness and risk-taking assets. Building upon insights from a broader conceptualization of the entrepreneurial alertness asset (Tang et al., 2012), the paper conceptualized for the first time the linkage between three elements of entrepreneurial alertness and student entrepreneurial mindset. Further, the paper conceptualized linkage between two elements of risk-taking relating to risk-taking perception asset and risk-taking propensity asset, and higher intensity of entrepreneurial mindset. Assets relating to entrepreneurial alertness and risk-taking perception need to be honed in transition economy contexts associated with political structures that did not promote individual risk-taking.
Reflections on the omission of social capital from enterprise education and business start training
Authors: Bridge Simon 
Published: October 2013

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the case for the inclusion, in enterprise education, of training and/or guidance in the acquisition and use of social capital.Design/methodology/approach– The paper considers the reasons, not just why social capital should be included as a factor at least as important as financial capital, but also the possible reasons why so far it has largely been omitted – and then explores the implications behind that omission.Findings– The core assertion of the paper is that, despite its clear relevance, social capital is rarely included in enterprise education because the basis for much enterprise education is a traditional business plan menu which is in turn based on big business thinking.Practical implications– The implications of this are not just that social capital should be given a key place in enterprise education but that, before this can happen, the different nature of small business needs to be accepted and the basis of small business training adjusted accordingly.Originality/value– To date a lot of enterprise education and training has been based on the assumption that the traditional components of a business plan form a suitable agenda for enterprise education – either because it is directly based on a business plan or drawn from the same sort of thinking. The paper questions the validity of that assumption which excludes important factors such as social capital.
Psychological characteristics and entrepreneurial intentions among secondary students
Authors: Dinis Anabela , do Paço Arminda , Ferreira João , Raposo Mário , Gouveia Rodrigues Ricardo 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to test a model of entrepreneurial intentions among secondary students based on their psychological characteristics. Furthermore, this seeks to determine whether teenage students (14-15 years old) possess entrepreneurial characteristics and whether these characteristics correspond to entrepreneurial intentions.

Design/methodology/approach
– A sample of secondary students was chosen ranging from 14 to 15 years old. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analysed by univarite statistics and structural equations modelling (PLS) to measure the relationship between the psychological characteristics and entrepreneurial intentions.

Findings
– The results demonstrate there is a relationship between (some) psychological characteristics and entrepreneurial intentions. The propensity to risk negatively influences entrepreneurial intentions, meanwhile self-confidence and the need for achievement positively influence the construct. The relationship between tolerance and ambiguity, locus of control and innovativeness with entrepreneurial intentions reported no statistical significance.

Research limitations/implications
– The results reinforce the idea that psychological characteristics (trait approach) influence entrepreneurial intentions. However, the model needs further development through the incorporation of behavioural characteristics. This would allow for the understanding of whether behaviour and trait theories oppose or complement each other.

Originality/value
– The paper provides important evidence for improving entrepreneurship education for young students. First, it is important to incite and develop some psychological characteristics in order to promote entrepreneurial intentions. Second, entrepreneurship curricula should jointly develop both entrepreneurial characteristics and the awareness among students about the viability of an entrepreneurial career. This may be achieved not only by presenting entrepreneurs as role models, promoting an entrepreneurial culture but also by developing entrepreneurial skills that improve self-confidence.
Heroic and humane entrepreneurs: identity work in entrepreneurship education
Authors: Hytti Ulla , Heinonen Jarna 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the identity work of postgraduate students participating in an entrepreneurship training programme for life sciences. The paper aims to analyse what kind of entrepreneurial identities are constructed and in what ways in the context of the programme.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper relies on learning diaries and other written materials harvested from seven participants. Drawing on a social constructivist analysis, the materials were analysed by drawing attention to the kind of identities created, the contradictions that surfaced and how those were resolved in the written materials.

Findings
– Two distinct entrepreneurial identities were constructed by the participants: the heroic and the humane. The first is the stereotypical role prototype that the participants experiment with. For the male participants this seems acceptable and normal. If they were in possession of more information, knowledge and skills they could identify with this heroic entrepreneurial identity. However, the female participants constructed an alternative identity; the humane entrepreneur running a low-tech firm with modest business goals or acting as an intrapreneur in an existing organisation.

Research limitations/implications
– Future research should consider entrepreneurship programmes as arenas for (gendered) identity work.

Practical implications
– Entrepreneurship training should not only provide the participants with business knowledge and skills but facilitate their entrepreneurial identity work.

Originality/value
– The paper contributes to understanding entrepreneurship education as a context for entrepreneurial identity construction and extends the understanding of the expected outcomes of entrepreneurship education programmes. The study demonstrates how entrepreneurial identity construction processes in the context of entrepreneurship training are gendered.
How does enterprise and entrepreneurship education influence postgraduate students’ career intentions in the New Era economy?
Authors: Rae David , Ruth Woodier-Harris Naomi 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
– Enterprise and entrepreneurship education (EEE) is seen as a major contributor to economic growth and development in the post-2008 environment we term the “New Era”. The role of EEE in enabling graduates to develop entrepreneurial intentions and career plans is therefore of major importance. The paper explores how EEE can influence postgraduate entrepreneurship and career initiation in the context of the New Era economy at an international level.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper explores the learning experiences of a group of 60 postgraduate international students who completed an Entrepreneurship programme at the University of Lincoln which included the development of personal learning narratives and career plans. The students were exposed to the opportunity-centred entrepreneurship approach and the “Entrepreneurial Effectiveness” model in the QAA (2012) guidelines. Their narratives were analysed to assess: prior career intentions, proposed career intentions resulting from the EEE programme, application of learning arising from the EEE programme and a survey of students was used to validate the narratives

Findings
– EEE has a wider influence on personal development and career planning than simply the intention to create new ventures. The paper builds on a prior study of international postgraduate students’ orientation to entrepreneurship education in their expectations of the UK higher education, which confirmed that career development is a major motivator for international study in the UK (Rae and Woodier-Harris, 2012). The paper contributes new understanding of the relationships between EEE and graduate career intentions, especially at PG and international levels. The paper explores personal growth, confidence and identity development, formation of new career intentions and the application of learning. The international dimension is considerable and this is discussed.

Practical implications
– The paper has implications for the marketing, design and delivery of EEE at international and HE institutional levels, as well as for the practices of educators in designing, validating and delivering programmes for entrepreneurial career development, at national and international levels.

Originality/value
– The paper contributes new understanding to the role of EEE in postgraduate career initiation at international level in a period of significant and complex economic transformation.