bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous image‐guided cryoablation of painful metastases involving bone
Authors: Callstrom Matthew R. , Dupuy Damian E. , Solomon Stephen B. , Beres Robert A. , Littrup Peter J. , Davis Kirkland W. , Paz‐Fumagalli Ricardo , Hoffman Cheryl , Atwell Thomas D. , Charboneau J. William , Schmit Grant D. , Goetz Matthew P. , Rubin Joseph , Brown Kathy J. , Novotny Paul J. , Sloan Jeff A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:This study sought to describe the results of a single‐arm multicenter clinical trial using image‐guided percutaneous cryoablation for the palliation of painful metastatic tumors involving bone.METHODS:Over a 44‐month period, 61 adult patients with 1 or 2 painful bone metastases with a score of 4 or more on a scale of 0 to 10 (≥4/10) worst pain in a 24‐hour period who had failed or refused conventional treatment were treated with percutaneous image‐guided cryoablation. Patient pain and quality of life was measured using the Brief Pain Inventory prior to treatment, 1 and 4 days after the procedure, weekly for 4 weeks, and every 2 weeks thereafter for a total of 6 months. Patient analgesic use was also recorded at these same follow‐up intervals. Complications were monitored. Analysis of the primary endpoint was undertaken via paired comparison procedures.RESULTS:A total of 69 treated tumors ranged in size from 1 to 11 cm. Prior to cryoablation, the mean score for worst pain in a 24‐hour period was 7.1/10 with a range of 4/10 to 10/10. At 1, 4, 8, and 24 weeks after treatment, the mean score for worst pain in a 24‐hour period decreased to 5.1/10 (P < .0001), 4.0/10 (P < .0001), 3.6/10 (P < .0001), and 1.4/10 (P < .0001), respectively. One of 61 (2%) patients had a major complication with osteomyelitis at the site of ablation.CONCLUSIONS:Percutaneous cryoablation is a safe, effective, and durable method for palliation of pain due to metastatic disease involving bone. Cancer 2013. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Survival in patients with metastatic recurrent breast cancer after adjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Tevaarwerk Amye J. , Gray Robert J. , Schneider Bryan P. , Smith Mary Lou , Wagner Lynne I. , Fetting John H. , Davidson Nancy , Goldstein Lori J. , Miller Kathy D. , Sparano Joseph A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Population‐based studies have shown improved survival for patients diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer over time, presumably because of the availability of new and more effective therapies. The objective of the current study was to determine whether survival improved for patients who developed distant recurrence of breast cancer after receiving adjuvant therapy.METHODS:Adjuvant chemotherapy trials coordinated by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group that accrued patients between 1978 and 2002 were reviewed. Survival after distant disease recurrence was estimated for progressive time periods, and adjusted for baseline covariates in a Cox proportional hazards model.RESULTS:Of the 13,785 patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy in 11 trials, 3447 (25%) developed distant disease recurrence; the median survival after recurrence was 20 months (95% confidence interval, 19 months‐21 months). Factors associated with inferior survival included a shorter distant recurrence‐free interval (DRFI), estrogen receptor‐negative and progesterone receptor‐negative disease, the number of positive axillary lymph nodes present at the time of diagnosis, and black race (P < .0001 for all). When the time period of recurrence was added to the model, it was not found to be significantly associated with survival for the general population with disease recurrence. Survival improved over time only in those patients with hormone receptor‐negative disease with a DRFI ≤ 3 years, both among the 5 most recent and the entire trial data sets (P = .01 and P = .05, respectively).CONCLUSIONS:In contrast to reports from population‐based studies, no general improvement in survival was observed over the last 30 years for patients who developed distant disease recurrence after adjuvant chemotherapy after adjusting for DRFI. Improved survival for patients with hormone receptor‐negative disease with a short DRFI suggests a benefit from trastuzumab. Cancer 2013. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
A score to identify patients with metastatic spinal cord compression who may be candidates for best supportive care
Authors: Rades Dirk , Hueppe Michael , Schild Steven E. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:The objective of the current study was to develop a scoring system that identifies those patients with metastatic spinal cord compression who may be candidates for best supportive care or single‐fraction radiotherapy.METHODS:Ten potential prognostic factors were retrospectively analyzed in 2029 patients, including age, gender, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, tumor type, number of involved vertebrae, further bone metastases, visceral metastases, interval from time of cancer diagnosis to the development of MSCC, time to the development of motor deficits, and ambulatory status.RESULTS:On multivariate analysis, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, tumor type, bone metastases, visceral metastases, interval from cancer diagnosis to the development of metastatic spinal cord compression, time to the development of motor deficits, and ambulatory status were found to be significantly associated with survival. The risk score represented the sum of the scores for each of these factors, obtained from the probability of the patient dying within 2 months (shown as the percentage) divided by 10. Risk scores ranged between 6 and 25 points. At a cutoff value of ≥ 24 points, the specificity was 99.8% and the positive predictive value was 96.0%, which indicates that approximately 4% of the patients predicted to die within 2 months survived > 2 months.CONCLUSIONS:This score identifies patients who have a very poor survival with a high specificity and a high positive predictive value. Patients with a score of ≥ 24 points have a very high probability of dying within 2 months. Thus, overtreatment with intensive therapies can be avoided in these patients, who are very unlikely to benefit.Cancer 2013. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Short‐term outcomes of craniotomy for malignant brain tumors in the elderly
Authors: Seicean Andreea , Seicean Sinziana , Schiltz Nicholas K. , Alan Nima , Jones Paul K. , Neuhauser Duncan , Weil Robert J. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND.Disparity in resection rates for malignant brain tumors in elderly patients is partially attributed to a belief that advanced age is associated with an increased risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of advanced age (≥75 years) on 30‐day outcomes in patients with primary and metastatic brain tumors who underwent craniotomy for definitive resection of a malignant brain tumor.METHODS.The authors conducted prospective analyses of the American College of Surgeons' National Surgical Quality‐Improvement Project (NSQIP) database from 2006 to 2010 of 970 patients aged ≥40 years who underwent craniotomy for definitive resection of neoplasm. Preoperative and intraoperative characteristics and 30‐day outcomes were stratified by age. By using propensity scores, 134 patients (aged ≥75 years) were matched to 134 patients ages 40 to 74 years. Logistic regression was used to predict adverse postoperative outcomes.RESULTS.The median length of hospital stay was 5 days; the rate of minor and major complications were 5.9% and 13.1%, respectively; 5.7% of patients returned to the operating room; and 4.3% of patients died within 30 days. Advanced age did not increase the odds for poorer short‐term outcomes.CONCLUSIONS.Advanced age did not increase the risk of poor outcomes after surgical resection of primary or metastatic intracranial tumors when analyses were controlled for other risk factors. These results suggest that age should not be used, in isolation, as an a priori factor to discourage pursuing craniotomy. Cancer 2013. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Resonance Raman Spectral Imaging of Intracellular Uptake of β‐Carotene Loaded Poly(D,L‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) Nanoparticles
Authors: Matthäus Christian , Schubert Stephanie , Schmitt Michael , Krafft Christoph , Dietzek Benjamin , Schubert Ulrich S. , Popp Jürgen 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe use of nanoparticles for drug delivery has been drawing considerable attention in pharmaceutical research. With increasing diversity and potential of various carrier systems, it is important to study the impact of nanocarriers on sub‐cellular metabolic processes and organelles, since the delivery of a drug usually involves intra‐cellular internalization. Herein, we employ Raman microscopy as a non‐invasive method for cellular and sub‐cellular imaging, to monitor the uptake and translocation patterns of particles based on poly(D,L‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) over time. As the technique detects inherent signals from the molecules of interest, it does not rely on external labels or dyes, which is an advantage over fluorescence labeling. For this purpose, the particles were loaded with β‐carotene. The conjugated π‐system of the molecule has a large Raman scattering cross‐section and gives rise to resonance Raman effects, which can enhance the sensitivity by orders of magnitude. β‐Carotene as a provitamin is not soluble in water and is thus usually of low bioavailability, which is enhanced by encapsulation into the nanoparticles.
Effect of External Electric Field on H‐Bonding and π‐Stacking Interactions in Guanine Aggregates
Authors: Jissy Akkarapattiakal K. , Datta Ayan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe structure and electronic properties of guanine oligomers and π stacks of guanine quartets (G‐quartets) with circulene are investigated under an external field through first‐principles calculations. An electric field induces nonplanarity in the guanine aggregates and also leads to an increase in the H‐bond distances. The calculations reveal that the binding energy of the circulenes with G‐quartets increases on application of an electric field along the stacking direction. The HOMO–LUMO gap decreases substantially under the influence of an external field. The contribution of a simple dipole–dipole interaction to the stability of the stacked system is also analyzed. The electric field along the perpendicular axis increases the dipole moments of the guanine dimer, trimer, and quartet. Such an increase in the dipole moment facilitates stacking with circulenes. The stability of G‐quartet–circulene π stacks depends on the phase of the dipole moment (in‐phase or out‐of‐phase) induced by an external electric field. The stability of stacks of bowl‐shaped circulenes with G‐quartets depends on the direction of the applied field.
A reliable and energy‐efficient routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks
Authors: Wahid Abdul , Lee Sungwon , Kim Dongkyun 
Published: October 2012

SUMMARYRecently, underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) have attracted much research attention to support various applications for pollution monitoring, tsunami warnings, offshore exploration, tactical surveillance, etc. However, because of the peculiar characteristics of UWSNs, designing communication protocols for UWSNs is a challenging task. Particularly, designing a routing protocol is of the most importance for successful data transmissions between sensors and the sink. In this paper, we propose a reliable and energy‐efficient routing protocol, named R‐ERP2R (Reliable Energy‐efficient Routing Protocol based on physical distance and residual energy). The main idea behind R‐ERP2R is to utilize physical distance as a routing metric and to balance energy consumption among sensors. Furthermore, during the selection of forwarding nodes, link quality towards the forwarding nodes is also considered to provide reliability and the residual energy of the forwarding nodes to prolong network lifetime. Using the NS‐2 simulator, R‐ERP2R is compared against a well‐known routing protocol (i.e. depth‐based routing) in terms of network lifetime, energy consumption, end‐to‐end delay and delivery ratio. The simulation results proved that R‐ERP2R performs better in UWSNs.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Energie‐ und Ressourceneffizienz von Gebäuden aus Kalksandstein
Authors: Vogdt Frank Ulrich , Schäfers Martin 
Published: October 2012

AbstractDer Beitrag zeigt anhand von exemplarischen Ein‐ und Mehrfamilienhäusern in Mauerwerksbauweise, dass auch zukünftig national und europäisch angestrebte energetische Standards technisch problemlos mit Kalksandstein realisiert werden können. Hier erweist sich das von der KS‐Industrie entwickelte Konstruktionsprinzip der Funktionstrennung als besonders zukunftsweisend, da eine weitere Verbesserung des baulichen Wärmeschutzes ressourcenschonend durch eine einfache Erhöhung der Wärmedämmstoffdicke möglich wird.Im Rahmen einer Lebenszyklusanalyse ergibt sich bei einer Verschärfung der energetischen Standards darüber hinausgehend eine positive ökologische Bilanz mit geringen Anteilen für Aufwendungen (z. B. Primärenergieaufwand) und Wirkungen (z. B. Emissionen von Treibhausgasen, wie CO2) aufgrund der hohen Ressourceneffizienz von KS. Ökonomisch ist nach derzeitigem Stand der Technik bzw. nach derzeitigem Preisgefüge für Bauprodukte und Energie ein über den moderaten Passivhausstandard hinausgehender Standard wie der “Nahezu‐Null‐Energie‐Haus‐Standard“ noch nicht wirtschaftlich. Dies ist jedoch nicht auf die KS‐Wandkonstruktionen sondern vielmehr auf die aufwendigere technische Gebäudeausstattung TGA, insbesondere zur Nutzung regenerativer Energie, zurückzuführen.Resource efficiency of calcium silicate buildings. By means of two exemplarily regarded buildings (one family house and one apartment building) with masonry construction, the present article depicts, that future requirements, which will result from national and European legislation, can be realised with constructions of calcium silicate without any technical difficulties. In this context, exterior walls with separated functional layers, which were developed by the German calcium silicate industry turn to be particularly forward‐looking, due to the fact, that a further enhancement of the thermal insulation of such constructions can easily be realised by increasing the thickness of the insulating material.The results of a life‐cycle assessment show that higher energy standards of buildings lead to reduced ecological impacts (for example emission of green house gas like CO2) along the whole life cycle of the building compared to lower energy standards due to the high resource efficiency of calcium silicate constructions. In an economical point of view, higher building‐energy standards than moderate passive house standard like nearly zero energy standard are not profitable at present if current price levels for building products and energy are considered. This does not result from calcium silicate wall constructions but particular from elaborated building technologies, especially for the generation of energy from renewable resources.
In Würde altern – Energieeffizienz und Nachhaltigkeit im Wohnungsbau
Authors: Horschler Stefan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAnders sieht die Situation im attraktiven Wohnumfeld, mit hohem Wirtschaftspotential und in strukturstarken Gegenden aus; hier wird eine Platzierung der Immobilie am Markt immer möglich sein: allerdings auch ohne eine energetische Optimierung. Außerdem gilt für die Rentabilität einer Immobilie, dass diese möglichst geringe Unterhaltungs‐ und Wartungskosten aufweist. Nachfolgend werden Einzelaspekte des nachhaltigen Bauens aus energetischer, ökonomischer, konstruktiver und baupraktischer Sicht kommentiert.Aging with dignity – energetic efficiency and sustainability in housing construction. Individuals need to be treated individually – this applies both to humans when it comes to health problems e.g. and to building. Each case for itself demands the definition of the valid criteria for sustainability, even though this may be difficult. For example: Is it economically sensible to establish property with a high level of energetic efficiency up to energetic autonomy at a location, which is urbanistic unattractive, has the outlook of shrinking numbers of inhabitants and therefore no expected further utilization in future? In this case it will be quite difficult to position the object at the market, even though it has its excellent energetic standard. However different will be the situation of an object in an attractive neighbourhood: High economic potential always allows the merchandise of a building, regardless in what energetic shape it comes. For the rentability of a building applies, that costs for maintenance it may be as small costs as possible.In the following you will find comments on individual aspects of sustainable building from energetic, economic, constructive and practical points of view.
Nachhaltigkeitsanalyse für das Mauerwerksrecycling
Authors: Herbst Tristan , Schneider Sarah , Beck Tabea , Flassenberg Georg 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIn Deutschland fällt mittelfristig eine nicht unerhebliche Menge an Mauerwerksbruch an. Im Sinne einer nachhaltigen Kreislaufwirtschaft sind diese Restmassen zukünftig einem möglichst hochwertigen Recycling zuzuführen. Im Rahmen des IGF‐Forschungsvorhabens 17022 N der Forschungsvereinigung Porenbetonindustrie e.V., Berlin, wird im Gesamtkontext “SIM Stoffkreislauf im Mauerwerksbau“ die Nachhaltigkeit verschiedener Recyclingoptionen für Mauerwerksbruch unter Einbeziehung der Hauptwandbausteinarten Ziegel, Kalksandstein, Porenbeton und Leichtbeton sowie unter Beachtung material‐ und verfahrenstechnischer sowie ökologischer, ökonomischer und sozialer Aspekte ganzheitlich untersucht und bewertet. Auf Grundlage der dabei gewonnenen Erkenntnisse wird ein rechnergestütztes Analysetool zur Nachhaltigkeitsbewertung für das Mauerwerksrecycling entwickelt. Auf diesem Wege sollen im Sinne der aktuellen gesetzlichen Vorgaben nachhaltige Stoffkreisläufe im Mauerwerksbau geschlossen und somit letztlich die Deponierung von Mauerwerksrestmassen vermieden werden.Sustainability analysis for the recycling of masonry. In Germany, a not unimportant quantity of masonry rubble is generated in the medium term. With regard to a sustainable closed substance cycle waste management, these rest masses have to be recycled if possible. Within the IGF research project “Sustainability Analysis for the Recycling of Masonry”, different recycling options will be assessed with regard to their sustainability performance. In doing so, the main kinds of masonry units (clay units, calcium silicate units, autoclaved aerated concrete units, aggregate concrete units), their material properties, the processing technologies as well as ecological, economic and social aspects will be considered. Based on the results, a web‐based tool will be developed to assess the sustainability of different recycling options for masonry rubble.
Integrale Gebäudeplanung am Beispiel eines Geschossbaus in Ziegelmauerwerk
Authors: Butenweg Christoph , Gellert Christoph 
Published: October 2012

AbstractModerne Mauerwerksbauten müssen nach heutigen Anforderungen architektonisch, statisch, energetisch sowie schall‐ und brandschutztechnisch optimal ausgelegt sein. Aufgrund der Komplexität und engen Verzahnung der einzelnen Anforderungen ist eine integrale Gebäudeplanung zur Erzielung einer qualitativ hochwertigen Bauwerkslösung unbedingt notwendig. Diese erfordert von den Fachplanern vertieftes Spezialwissen in den verschiedenen Bereichen, um insbesondere die Schnittstellen und Bauwerksdetails korrekt zu planen und auszuführen. Der Beitrag stellt die integrale Gebäudeplanung am Beispiel eines Geschossbaus in Ziegelbauweise mit Lösungen für wesentliche Detailpunkte vor.Integral building planning using the example of a multi‐storey clay brick building. Nowadays masonry buildings are optimized to fulfil the requirements on modern buildings with respect to architecture, stability, static, energy efficiency and fire protection. A high quality building can only be achieved with an integral building planning in which the complexity and close connections between the requirements are taken into account. The correct planning and execution of interfaces and building details is a challenge and demands designing engineers with in‐depth knowledge in different application areas. The article introduces the integral building planning on the example of a multi‐storey clay brick building and presents solutions for essential building details.
Qualitätssiegel Nachhaltiger Wohnungsbau – ein Leitfaden und neues Zertifizierungssystem
Authors: Vogler Ingrid 
Published: October 2012

AbstractUnternehmerische Entscheidungen in der Wohnungswirtschaft müssen sich im Spannungsfeld von sozialen, ökologischen und kulturellen Ansprüchen an den Wohnungsbau und betriebswirtschaftliche Rentabilität bewegen. Diese Dimensionen sind miteinander in Ausgleich zu bringen und keine kann auf Kosten einer anderen maximiert werden. Die Beschreibung und Messung (im Sinne von Benchmarks) von Nachhaltigkeitsaspekten machen nachhaltiges Handeln sichtbar und transparent, stellen aber allein für sich noch nicht automatisch eine nachhaltige Qualität sicher. Die Dokumentation einer nachhaltigen Qualität für neu errichtete Wohngebäude ist aber ein Baustein und Teil eines konsequenten Nachhaltigkeitsmanagements und einer Umsetzung von Nachhaltigkeit als Unternehmensziel. Der Artikel stellt das “Qualitätssiegel Nachhaltiger Wohnungsbau“ vor und führt in einige Aspekte vertiefend ein.Quality label for sustainable housing – a guide and a new certification system. Management decisions in the housing industry must be taken in the field between social, environmental and cultural requirements of the residential construction and have to be economically efficient. These various dimensions have to be balanced and none of the dimensions can be maximized at the expense of another. The description and measurement (in terms of benchmarks) of sustainability makes sustainable action visible and transparent. But certification by itself does not automatically lead to a sustainable quality. The documentation of a sustainable quality of newly constructed residential buildings is a component and part of a consistent sustainability management and implementation of sustainability as a business objective. The article presents the “quality label sustainable housing”, and introduces some aspects in a more profound level.
Hybrid PEDOT–Metal Nanoparticles – New Substitutes for PEDOT:PSS in Electrochromic Layers – Towards Improved Performance
Authors: Mumtaz Muhammad , Ouvrard Blanche , Maillaud Laurent , Labrugere Christine , Cloutet Eric , Cramail Henri , Delville Marie‐Helene 
Published: October 2012

AbstractHybrid organic–inorganic nanocomposites of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and silver or gold {PEDOT–metal (PEDOT–M) nano‐objects (M = Ag, Au) (particle diameter down to 60 nm)} were prepared by a one‐pot oxidative aqueous dispersion polymerization using ammonium persulfate as an oxidant and the corresponding metal salts as co‐oxidant (HAuCl4 and AgNO3) in the presence of pyrrole‐modified‐poly(N‐vinylpyrrolidone‐co‐vinyl alcohol) (PVP‐co‐PVAL‐mod‐Py) stabilizer. The hydrophilic character of such a stabilizer enhances the polymer layer through hydrophilic interactions, which leads to a smooth surface with high wetting properties for subsequent electropolymerizations. PEDOT–M is more conducting than the commercially available PEDOT:PSS, in which the PSS acts as an insulating agent (electrical conductivities up to 1.25 S cm–1). These nanocomposites were used to replace PEDOT:PSS as anchoring layer for further EDOT monomer polymerization, providing an improvement of the electrochromic properties of PEDOT in terms of not only contrast ratio and coloration efficiency but also switching time response.