bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large Hill-Sachs Lesion: A Comparative Study of Patients Treated with Arthroscopic Bankart Repair with or without Remplissage
Authors: Garcia Grant H. , Park Min Jung , Zhang Clare , Kelly John D. , Huffman G. Russell 
Published: March 2015

Background There is little comparative long-term clinical data comparing Bankart repair alone to the addition of remplissage. Questions/Purposes Our purpose was to compare results of patients with significant humeral head lesions and who underwent either isolated arthroscopic Bankart repair or remplissage. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study of 14 isolated arthroscopic Bankart and 10 remplissage repairs all with large engaging Hill-Sachs (HS) lesions. Average follow-up was 40.72 months (26.3–51.1) in the Bankart group and 31.55 months (24.1–39.9) in the remplissage group. Surgical failure was defined as a dislocation or subluxation. Groups were matched on handedness, age within 3 years, and HS lesion size. Glenoid bone loss and HS size were measured on MRI. Additionally, WOSI and DASH scores were obtained. Results The average age at surgery was 26.0 years (17.8–41.1) of the isolated Bankart patient and 24.4 years (16.4–38.3) in the remplissage group. The average HS lesion volume was 310.22 mm3 in the Bankart group and 283.79 mm3 in the remplissage group. The failure rate for the Bankart group was 8 out of 14 patients (57.14%). For the remplissage group, the failure rate was 2 out of 10 patients (20.0%). Average WOSI scores were 73.72 in the Bankart group and 79.54 in the remplissage group. For DASH scores, the average Disability/Symptoms Scores were 16.23 for the Bankart group and 12.05 for the remplissage patients. Conclusions In comparison to isolated Bankart repair, remplissage was a superior option for recurrent instability patients with large Hill-Sachs lesions as seen by diminished failure rates and improved outcome scores.
Dietary supplement use among cancer survivors of the NutriNet-Santé cohort study
Authors: Pouchieu Camille , Fassier Philippine , Druesne-Pecollo Nathalie , Zelek Laurent , Bachmann Patrick , Touillaud Marina , Bairati Isabelle , Hercberg Serge , Galan Pilar , Cohen Patrice , Latino-Martel Paule , Touvier Mathilde 
Published: March 2015

Dietary supplements (DS) may influence cancer prognosis. Their use in cancer patients has been described in the United States, but data are largely lacking in Europe and notably in France. The present study's objectives were (1) to assess DS use and its sociodemographic, lifestyle, and dietary correlates in a large sample of French cancer survivors; (2) to evaluate the involvement of physicians in such DS use; and (3) to assess the extent of potentially harmful practices. Data were collected by self-administered web-based questionnaires among participants of the NutriNet-Santé cohort. Data on DS use was available for 1081 cancer survivors. DS users were compared to non-users with unconditional logistic regressions. DS use was reported by 62 % of women and 29 % of men. Vitamins D, B6, C and Mg were the most frequently consumed nutrients. 14 % of cancer survivors initiated DS use after diagnosis. For 35 % of the DS consumed, subjects did not inform their attending physician. DS use was associated with a healthier lifestyle (normal weight, never smoking and better diet) and substantially contributed to nutrient intake. 18 % of DS users had potentially harmful DS use practices, such as the simultaneous use of vitamin E and anticoagulant/antiplatelet agents, the use of β-carotene and smoking or the use of phyto-oestrogens in hormone-dependent cancer patients. The present study suggests that DS use is widespread among cancer survivors, a large amount of that use is performed without any medical supervision and a substantial proportion of that use involves potentially harmful practices. Physicians should be encouraged to more routinely discuss DS use with their cancer patients.
Oxidative stress damage in the protozoan parasiteTrypanosoma cruziis inhibited by Cyclosporin A
Authors: BUSTOS PATRICIA L. , PERRONE ALINA E. , MILDUBERGER NATALIA , POSTAN MIRIAM , BUA JACQUELINE 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARYCyclosporin A (CsA) specifically inhibits the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Opening of the mPTP, which is triggered by high levels of matrix [Ca2+] and/or oxidative stress, leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and thus to cell death by either apoptosis or necrosis. In the present study, we analysed the response ofTrypanosoma cruziepimastigote parasites to oxidative stress with 5 mmH2O2, by studying several features related to programmed cell death and the effects of pre-incubation with 1μmof CsA. We evaluatedTcPARP cleavage, DNA integrity, cytochromectranslocation, Annexin V/propidium iodide staining, reactive oxygen species production. CsA prevented parasite oxidative stress damage as it significantly inhibited DNA degradation, cytochromectranslocation to cytosol andTcPARP cleavage. The calcein-AM/CoCl2assay, used as a selective indicator of mPTP opening in mammals, was also performed inT. cruziparasites. H2O2treatment decreased calcein fluorescence, but this decline was partially inhibited by pre-incubation with CsA. Our results encourage further studies to investigate if there is a mPTP-like pore and a mitochondrial cyclophilin involved in this protozoan parasite.
Structural basis for full-spectrum inhibition of translational functions on a tRNA synthetase
Authors: Fang Pengfei , Yu Xue , Jeong Seung Jae , Mirando Adam , Chen Kaige , Chen Xin , Kim Sunghoon , Francklyn Christopher S. , Guo Min 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe polyketide natural product borrelidin displays antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, anticancer, insecticidal and herbicidal activities through the selective inhibition of threonyl-tRNA synthetase (ThrRS). How borrelidin simultaneously attenuates bacterial growth and suppresses a variety of infections in plants and animals is not known. Here we show, using X-ray crystal structures and functional analyses, that a single molecule of borrelidin simultaneously occupies four distinct subsites within the catalytic domain of bacterial and human ThrRSs. These include the three substrate-binding sites for amino acid, ATP and tRNA associated with aminoacylation, and a fourth ‘orthogonal’ subsite created as a consequence of binding. Thus, borrelidin competes with all three aminoacylation substrates, providing a potent and redundant mechanism to inhibit ThrRS during protein synthesis. These results highlight a surprising natural design to achieve the quadrivalent inhibition of translation through a highly conserved family of enzymes.
Local cooling and warming effects of forests based on satellite observations
Authors: Li Yan , Zhao Maosheng , Motesharrei Safa , Mu Qiaozhen , Kalnay Eugenia , Li Shuangcheng 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe biophysical effects of forests on climate have been extensively studied with climate models. However, models cannot accurately reproduce local climate effects due to their coarse spatial resolution and uncertainties, and field observations are valuable but often insufficient due to their limited coverage. Here we present new evidence acquired from global satellite data to analyse the biophysical effects of forests on local climate. Results show that tropical forests have a strong cooling effect throughout the year; temperate forests show moderate cooling in summer and moderate warming in winter with net cooling annually; and boreal forests have strong warming in winter and moderate cooling in summer with net warming annually. The spatiotemporal cooling or warming effects are mainly driven by the two competing biophysical effects, evapotranspiration and albedo, which in turn are strongly influenced by rainfall and snow. Implications of our satellite-based study could be useful for informing local forestry policies.
Triaminopyrimidine is a fast-killing and long-acting antimalarial clinical candidate
Authors: Hameed P. Shahul , Solapure Suresh , Patil Vikas , Henrich Philipp P. , Magistrado Pamela A. , Bharath Sowmya , Murugan Kannan , Viswanath Pavithra , Puttur Jayashree , Srivastava Abhishek , Bellale Eknath , Panduga Vijender , Shanbag Gajanan , Awasthy Disha , Landge Sudhir , Morayya Sapna , Koushik Krishna , Saralaya Ramanatha , Raichurkar Anandkumar , Rautela Nikhil , Roy Choudhury Nilanjana , Ambady Anisha , Nandishaiah Radha , Reddy Jitendar , Prabhakar K. R. , Menasinakai Sreenivasaiah , Rudrapatna Suresh , Chatterji Monalisa , Jiménez-Díaz María Belén , Martínez María Santos , Sanz Laura María , Coburn-Flynn Olivia , Fidock David A. , Lukens Amanda K. , Wirth Dyann F. , Bandodkar Balachandra , Mukherjee Kakoli , McLaughlin Robert E. , Waterson David , Rosenbrier-Ribeiro Lyn , Hickling Kevin , Balasubramanian V. , Warner Peter , Hosagrahara Vinayak , Dudley Adam , Iyer Pravin S. , Narayanan Shridhar , Kavanagh Stefan , Sambandamurthy Vasan K. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe widespread emergence of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) strains resistant to frontline agents has fuelled the search for fast-acting agents with novel mechanism of action. Here, we report the discovery and optimization of novel antimalarial compounds, the triaminopyrimidines (TAPs), which emerged from a phenotypic screen against the blood stages of Pf. The clinical candidate (compound 12) is efficacious in a mouse model of Pf malaria with an ED99 <30 mg kg−1 and displays good in vivo safety margins in guinea pigs and rats. With a predicted half-life of 36 h in humans, a single dose of 260 mg might be sufficient to maintain therapeutic blood concentration for 4–5 days. Whole-genome sequencing of resistant mutants implicates the vacuolar ATP synthase as a genetic determinant of resistance to TAPs. Our studies highlight the potential of TAPs for single-dose treatment of Pf malaria in combination with other agents in clinical development.
Global analysis of fungal morphology exposes mechanisms of host cell escape
Authors: O’Meara Teresa R. , Veri Amanda O. , Ketela Troy , Jiang Bo , Roemer Terry , Cowen Leah E. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractDevelopmental transitions between single-cell yeast and multicellular filaments underpin virulence of diverse fungal pathogens. For the leading human fungal pathogen Candida albicans, filamentation is thought to be required for immune cell escape via induction of an inflammatory programmed cell death. Here we perform a genome-scale analysis of C. albicans morphogenesis and identify 102 negative morphogenetic regulators and 872 positive regulators, highlighting key roles for ergosterol biosynthesis and N-linked glycosylation. We demonstrate that C. albicans filamentation is not required for escape from host immune cells; instead, macrophage pyroptosis is driven by fungal cell-wall remodelling and exposure of glycosylated proteins in response to the macrophage phagosome. The capacity of killed, previously phagocytized cells to drive macrophage lysis is also observed with the distantly related fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. This study provides a global view of morphogenetic circuitry governing a key virulence trait, and illuminates a new mechanism by which fungi trigger host cell death.
A possible instance of sexual dimorphism in the tails of two oviraptorosaur dinosaurs
Authors: IV W. Scott Persons , Funston Gregory F. , Currie Philip J. , Norell Mark A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe hypothesis that oviraptorosaurs used tail-feather displays in courtship behavior previously predicted that oviraptorosaurs would be found to display sexually dimorphic caudal osteology. MPC-D 100/1002 and MPC-D 100/1127 are two specimens of the oviraptorosaur Khaan mckennai. Although similar in absolute size and in virtually all other anatomical details, the anterior haemal spines of MPC-D 100/1002 exceed those of MPC-D 100/1127 in ventral depth and develop a hitherto unreported “spearhead” shape. This dissimilarity cannot be readily explained as pathologic and is too extreme to be reasonably attributed to the amount of individual variation expected among con-specifics. Instead, this discrepancy in haemal spine morphology may be attributable to sexual dimorphism. The haemal spine form of MPC-D 100/1002 offers greater surface area for caudal muscle insertions. On this basis, MPC-D 100/1002 is regarded as most probably male and MPC-D 100/1127 is regarded as most probably female.
Metabolic Profiling-based Data-mining for an Effective Chemical Combination to Induce Apoptosis of Cancer Cells
Authors: Kumazoe Motofumi , Fujimura Yoshinori , Hidaka Shiori , Kim Yoonhee , Murayama Kanako , Takai Mika , Huang Yuhui , Yamashita Shuya , Murata Motoki , Miura Daisuke , Wariishi Hiroyuki , Maeda-Yamamoto Mari , Tachibana Hirofumi 
Published: March 2015

AbstractGreen tea extract (GTE) induces apoptosis of cancer cells without adversely affecting normal cells. Several clinical trials reported that GTE was well tolerated and had potential anti-cancer efficacy. Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) is the primary compound responsible for the anti-cancer effect of GTE; however, the effect of EGCG alone is limited. To identify GTE compounds capable of potentiating EGCG bioactivity, we performed metabolic profiling of 43 green tea cultivar panels by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Here, we revealed the polyphenol eriodictyol significantly potentiated apoptosis induction by EGCG in vitro and in a mouse tumour model by amplifying EGCG-induced activation of the 67-kDa laminin receptor (67LR)/protein kinase B/endothelial nitric oxide synthase/protein kinase C delta/acid sphingomyelinase signalling pathway. Our results show that metabolic profiling is an effective chemical-mining approach for identifying botanical drugs with therapeutic potential against multiple myeloma. Metabolic profiling-based data mining could be an efficient strategy for screening additional bioactive compounds and identifying effective chemical combinations.
A multi-responsive water-driven actuator with instant and powerful performance for versatile applications
Authors: Mu Jiuke , Hou Chengyi , Zhu Bingjie , Wang Hongzhi , Li Yaogang , Zhang Qinghong 
Published: March 2015

AbstractMechanical actuators driven by water that respond to multiple stimuli, exhibit fast responses and large deformations and generate high stress have potential in artificial muscles, motors and generators. Meeting all these requirements in a single device remains a challenge. We report a graphene monolayer paper that undergoes reversible deformation. Its graphene oxide cells wrinkle and extend in response to water desorption and absorption, respectively. Its fast (~0.3 s), powerful (>100 MPa output stress, 7.5 × 105 N kg−1 unit mass force) and controllable actuation can be triggered by moisture, heat and light. The graphene monolayer paper has potential in artificial muscles, robotic hands and electromagnetic-free generators.
Film bulk acoustic resonators integrated on arbitrary substrates using a polymer support layer
Authors: Chen Guohao , Zhao Xinru , Wang Xiaozhi , Jin Hao , Li Shijian , Dong Shurong , Flewitt A. J. , Milne W. I. , Luo J. K. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) is a widely-used MEMS device which can be used as a filter, or as a gravimetric sensor for biochemical or physical sensing. Current device architectures require the use of an acoustic mirror or a freestanding membrane and are fabricated as discrete components. A new architecture is demonstrated which permits fabrication and integration of FBARs on arbitrary substrates. Wave confinement is achieved by fabricating the resonator on a polyimide support layer. Results show when the polymer thickness is greater than a critical value, d, the FBARs have similar performance to devices using alternative architectures. For ZnO FBARs operating at 1.3–2.2 GHz, d is ~9 μm and the devices have a Q-factor of 470, comparable to 493 for the membrane architecture devices. The polymer support makes the resonators insensitive to the underlying substrate. Yields over 95% have been achieved on roughened silicon, copper and glass.
Uncovering RNA binding proteins associated with age and gender during liver maturation
Authors: Chaturvedi Praneet , Neelamraju Yaseswini , Arif Waqar , Kalsotra Auinash , Janga Sarath Chandra 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn the present study, we perform an association analysis focusing on the expression changes of 1344 RNA Binding proteins (RBPs) as a function of age and gender in human liver. We identify 88 and 45 RBPs to be significantly associated with age and gender respectively. Experimental verification of several of the predicted associations in mice confirmed our findings. Our results suggest that a small fraction of the gender-associated RBPs (~40%) are expressed higher in males than females. Altogether, these observations show that several of these RBPs are important and conserved regulators in maintaining liver function. Further analysis of the protein interaction network of RBPs associated with age and gender based on the centrality measures like degree, betweenness and closeness revealed that several of these RBPs might be prominent players in aging liver and impart gender specific alterations in gene expression via the formation of protein complexes. Indeed, both age and gender-associated RBPs in liver were found to show significantly higher clustering coefficients and network centrality measures compared to non-associated RBPs. The compendium of RBPs and this study will help us gain insight into the role of post-transcriptional regulatory molecules in aging and gender specific expression of genes.
A Three-Pool Model Dissecting Readily Releasable Pool Replenishment at the Calyx of Held
Authors: Guo Jun , Ge Jian-long , Hao Mei , Sun Zhi-cheng , Wu Xin-sheng , Zhu Jian-bing , Wang Wei , Yao Pan-tong , Lin Wei , Xue Lei 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAlthough vesicle replenishment is critical in maintaining exo-endocytosis recycling, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Previous studies have shown that both rapid and slow endocytosis recycle into a very large recycling pool instead of within the readily releasable pool (RRP) and the time course of RRP replenishment is slowed down by more intense stimulation. This finding contradicts the calcium/calmodulin-dependence of RRP replenishment. Here we address this issue and report a three-pool model for RRP replenishment at a central synapse. Both rapid and slow endocytosis provide vesicles to a large reserve pool (RP) ~42.3 times the RRP size. When moving from the RP to the RRP, vesicles entered an intermediate pool (IP) ~2.7 times the RRP size with slow RP-IP kinetics and fast IP-RRP kinetics, which was responsible for the well-established slow and rapid components of RRP replenishment. Depletion of the IP caused the slower RRP replenishment observed after intense stimulation. These results establish, for the first time, a realistic cycling model with all parameters measured, revealing the contribution of each cycling step in synaptic transmission. The results call for modification of the current view of the vesicle recycling steps and their roles.
Genetic Risks to Nicotine Dependence Predict Negative Mood and Affect in Current Non-Smokers
Authors: Chen Xiangning , Aggen Steven H. , Chen Jingchun , Li Lingxi , Kendler Kenneth S. , Blank Melissa , Eissenberg Thomas 
Published: March 2015

AbstractNicotine is the psychoactive agent involved in nicotine dependence. However, nicotine as a drug and its effects on human psychology are largely under-investigated in genetic studies. In this study, we recruited 208 current non-smokers to evaluate the effect of nicotine and its relationship to genetic risks to nicotine dependence. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, as well as measurement invariance testing, were conducted to evaluate the latent factor structures of the POMS, PANAS and DEN questionnaires across 3 nicotine doses. Structural models were used to examine the effects of nicotine and their relationship to genetic risks of nicotine dependence. We found that nicotine administration led to the change of both measurement construct and factor means, indicating the causal effect of nicotine on the psychological responses. The genotypes of rs588765 predicted the scores of the DEN Confused and Dizzy factors (p = 0.0003 and 0.001 respectively) and rs16969968 and rs588765 were associated with the PANAS Nervous factor (p = 0.006 and 0.007 respectively). Our study suggested that genetic risk of nicotine dependence is associated with acute psychological responses. The integration of psychometric analyses and dose effects could be a powerful approach for genetic study of nicotine dependence.
Genetic variants in de novo lipogenic pathway genes predict the prognosis of surgically-treated hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Jiang Hequn , Dai Jingyao , huang Xiaojun , Chen Yibing , Qu Ping , Li Jibin , Yi Cheng , Yang Yefa , Zhang Kejing , Huang Qichao 
Published: March 2015

AbstractOver-expression of de novo lipogenesis (DNL) pathway genes is associated with the prognosis of various types of cancers. However, effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genes on recurrence and death of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after surgery are still unknown. A total of 492 primary HCC patients treated with surgery were included in this study. Nine SNPs in 3 genes (ACACA, FASN and ACLY) of DNL pathway were genotyped. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model and Kaplan-Meier curve were used to analyze the association of SNPs with clinical outcomes. Two SNPs in ACACA gene were significantly associated with overall survival of HCC patients. Patients carrying homozygous variant genotype (VV) in rs7211875 had significantly increased risk of death, while patients carrying VV genotype in rs11871275 had significant decreased risk of death, when compared with those carrying homozygous wild-type or heterozygous genotypes. Moreover, patients carrying VV genotype in rs11871275 had decreased recurrence risk, while patients carrying variant genotype in rs4485435 of FASN gene had increased recurrence risk. Further cumulative effect analysis showed significant dose-dependent effects of unfavorable SNPs on both death and recurrence. SNPs in DNL genes may serve as independent prognostic markers for HCC patients after surgery.
Synthesis of high density aviation fuel with cyclopentanol derived from lignocellulose
Authors: Sheng Xueru , Li Ning , Li Guangyi , Wang Wentao , Yang Jinfan , Cong Yu , Wang Aiqin , Wang Xiaodong , Zhang Tao 
Published: March 2015

AbstractFor the first time, renewable high density aviation fuels were synthesized at high overall yield (95.6%) by the Guerbet reaction of cyclopentanol which can be derived from lignocellulose, followed by the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). The solvent-free Guerbet reaction of cyclopentanol was carried out under the co-catalysis of solid bases and Raney metals. Among the investigated catalyst systems, the combinations of magnesium-aluminium hydrotalcite (MgAl-HT) and Raney Ni (or Raney Co) exhibited the best performances. Over them, high carbon yield (96.7%) of C10 and C15 oxygenates was achieved. The Guerbet reaction products were further hydrodeoxygenated to bi(cyclopentane) and tri(cyclopentane) over a series of Ni catalysts. These alkanes have high densities (0.86 g mL−1 and 0.91 g mL−1) and can be used as high density aviation fuels or additives to bio-jet fuel. Among the investigated HDO catalysts, the 35 wt.% Ni-SiO2-DP prepared by deposition-precipitation method exhibited the highest activity.