bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the proactive coping scale in nursing students: A methodological study
Authors: Arıca Esra Özbudak 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aim
The aim of this study was to use the “PROACTIVE Coping Scale” to adapt the scale to Turkish culture, to determine its validity and reliability in a sample of undergraduate nursing students, and to evaluate the proactive coping levels of nursing students.

Background
Proactive coping skills are very important for nursing students to cope effectively with various stressors that they may encounter both in their academic lives and in their future professional lives. There are no valid and reliable instruments for measuring the proactive coping levels of nursing students in Turkey.

Methods
The present study is a descriptive and methodological study. Research data were collected between 01.12.2023 and 01.01.2024 via face-to-face interviews. The study was completed by 272 nursing students who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. In the analysis of the data, number/percentage, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficient methods were used.

Results
The scale structure was confirmed with 19 items and 4 factors. The Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient of the PROACTIVE Coping Scale was found to be 0.816. The scale explains 67.17% of the total variance, and item correlation values vary between 0.263 and 0.650.

Conclusions
The study showed that the PROACTIVE Coping Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating the proactive coping levels of nursing students.
Barriers and facilitators of improved nutritional support for patients newly diagnosed with cancer: a pre-implementation study
Authors: Beichmann Benedicte , Henriksen Christine , Paur Ingvild , Paulsen Mari Mohn 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Disease-related malnutrition affects a significant number of patients with cancer and poses a major social problem worldwide. Despite both global and national guidelines to prevent and treat malnutrition, the prevalence is high, ranging from 20 to 70% in all patients with cancer. This study aimed to explore the current practice of nutritional support for patients with cancer at a large university hospital in Norway and to explore potential barriers and facilitators of the intervention in the Green Approach to Improved Nutritional support for patients with cancer (GAIN), prior to implementation in a clinical setting.

Methods
The study used individual interviews and a focus group discussion to collect data. Study participants included different healthcare professionals and patients with cancer treated at a nutrition outpatient clinic. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was used to guide the thematic data analysis.

Results
Barriers connected to the current nutritional support were limited resources and undefined roles concerning responsibility for providing nutritional support among healthcare professionals. Facilitators included a desire for change regarding the current nutritional practice. The GAIN intervention was perceived as feasible for patients and healthcare professionals. Potential barriers included limited knowledge of technology, lack of motivation among patients, and a potential added burden experienced by the participating patients.

Conclusions
The identification of the potential barriers and facilitators of the current nutritional support to patients with cancer will be used to plan the implementation of improved nutritional support in a randomized controlled trial for patients with cancer prior to clinical implementation. The current findings may be of value to others trying to implement either or both nutritional support and digital application tools in a clinical healthcare setting.

Trial registration
The study was registered in the National Institutes of Health Clinical trials 08/09/22. The identification code is NCT05544318.
Phenotypical characteristics of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in patients with bronchiectasis
Authors: Frajman Assaf , Izhakian Shimon , Mekiten Ori , Hadar Ori , Lichtenstadt Ariel , Hajaj Chen , Shchori Shon , Heching Moshe , Rosengarten Dror , Kramer Mordechai R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The global mortality and morbidity rates of bronchiectasis patients due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pulmonary infection are on a concerning upward trend. The aims of this study to identify the phenotype of NTM-positive individuals with bronchiectasis.

Methods
A retrospective single-center observational study was conducted in adult patients with bronchiectasis who underwent bronchoscopy in 2007-2020. Clinical, laboratory, pulmonary function, and radiological data were compared between patients with a positive or negative NTM culture.

Results
Compared to the NTM-negative group (n=677), the NTM-positive group (n=94) was characterized (P ≤0.05 for all) by older age, greater proportion of females, and higher rates of gastroesophageal reflux disease and muco-active medication use; lower body mass index, serum albumin level, and lymphocyte and eosinophil counts; lower values of forced expiratory volume in one second, forced vital capacity, and their ratio, and lower diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide; higher rates of bronchiectasis in both lungs and upper lobes and higher number of involved lobes; and more exacerbations in the year prior bronchoscopy. On multivariate analysis, older age (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.07, P=0.001), lower body mass index (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.16-1.07, P <0.001), and increased number of involved lobes (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.01-1.44, P=0.04) were associated with NTM infection.

Conclusions
Patients with bronchiectasis and NTM pulmonary infection are more likely to be older and female with more severe clinical, laboratory, pulmonary function, and radiological parameters than those without NTM infection. This phenotype can be used for screening patients with suspected NTM disease.
PRRX1-OLR1 axis supports CAFs-mediated lung cancer progression and immune suppression
Authors: Sun Yunhao , Ying Kaijun , Sun Jian , Wang Yao , Qiu Limin , Ji Mingming , Sun Lin , Chen Jinjin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the mechanism by which cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) affect the growth and immune evasion of lung cancer cells.

Methods
Initially, datasets comparing CAFs with normal fibroblasts were downloaded from the GEO dataset GSE48397. Genes with the most significant differential expression were selected and validated using clinical data. Subsequently, CAFs were isolated, and the selected genes were knocked down in CAFs. Co-culture experiments were conducted with H1299 or A549 cells to analyze changes in lung cancer cell growth, migration, and immune evasion in vitro and in vivo. To further elucidate the upstream regulatory mechanism, relevant ChIP-seq data were downloaded from the GEO database, and the regulatory relationships were validated through ChIP-qPCR and luciferase reporter assays.

Results
OLR1 was significantly overexpressed in CAFs and strongly correlated with adverse prognosis in lung cancer patients. Knockdown of OLR1 markedly inhibited CAFs’ support for the growth and immune evasion of lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. ChIP-seq results demonstrated that PRRX1 can promote OLR1 expression by recruiting H3K27ac and H3K4me3, thereby activating CAFs. Knockdown of PRRX1 significantly inhibited CAFs’ function, while further overexpression of OLR1 restored CAFs’ support for lung cancer cell growth, migration, and immune evasion.

Conclusion
PRRX1 promotes OLR1 expression by recruiting H3K27ac and H3K4me3, activating CAFs, and thereby promoting the growth, migration, and immune evasion of lung cancer cells.
Unravelling heterogeneous malaria transmission dynamics in the Peruvian Amazon: insights from a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Pinedo-Cancino Viviana , Arista Katty M. , Baldeviano G. Christian , Saavedra-Langer Rafael , Arana Andrei , Vásquez-Chasnamote Maria E. , Valle-Campos Andree , Castro Juan C. , Ventocilla Julio A. , Smith Edward S. , Lescano Andres G. , Ruíz-Mesia Lastenia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Malaria remains a global health challenge, particularly in Peru's Loreto region. Despite ongoing efforts, high infection rates and asymptomatic cases perpetuate transmission. The Peruvian Ministry of Health’s “Zero Malaria Plan” targets elimination. This novel study combines microscopic, molecular, and serological techniques to assess transmission intensity, identify epidemiological risk factors, and characterize species-specific patterns across villages. The findings aim to inform targeted interventions and support broader malaria elimination efforts in line with the Zero Malaria Plan initiative.

Methods
A cross-sectional malaria survey was conducted in the Zungarococha community, comprising the villages Llanchama (LL), Ninarumi (NI), Puerto Almendra (PA), and Zungarococha (ZG), using microscopic, molecular, and serological techniques to evaluate malaria transmission intensity. Statistical analysis, including multivariate-adjusted analysis, seroprevalence curves, and spatial clustering analysis, were performed to assess malaria prevalence, exposure, and risk factors.

Results
The survey revealed a high prevalence of asymptomatic infections (6% by microscopy and 18% by PCR), indicating that molecular methods are more sensitive for detecting asymptomatic infections. Seroprevalence varied significantly between villages, reflecting the heterogeneous malaria transmission dynamics. Multivariate analysis identified age, village, and limited bed net use as significant risk factors for malaria infection and species-specific exposure. Seroprevalence curves demonstrated community-specific patterns, with Llanchama and Puerto Almendra showing the highest seroconversion rates for both Plasmodium species.

Conclusions
The study highlights the diverse nature of malaria transmission in the Loreto region, particularly nothing the pronounced heterogeneity as transmission rates decline, especially in residual malaria scenarios. The use of molecular and serological techniques enhances the detection of current infections and past exposure, aiding in the identification of epidemiological risk factors. These findings underscore the importance of using molecular and serological tools to characterize malaria transmission patterns in low-endemic areas, which is crucial for planning and implementing targeted interventions and elimination strategies. This is particularly relevant for initiatives like the Zero Malaria Plan in the Peruvian Amazon.
Asymptomatic malaria in pregnancy and associated risk factors in Majang Zone, Gambella Region, Southwest Ethiopia: a hard-to-reach malaria hotspot
Authors: Alemayehu Aklilu , Abossie Ashenafi , Zeynudin Ahmed , Beyene Joseph , Yewhalaw Delenasaw 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Asymptomatic malaria in pregnancy (AMiP) is a daunting public health problem with multifaceted adverse outcomes for mothers, fetuses, newborns and beyond. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of AMiP and anaemia in Majang Zone, Gambella, Southwest Ethiopia.

Methods
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 425 pregnant women attending the antenatal care (ANC) clinics of five health facilities in the Majang Zone from November 2022 to February 2023. Sociodemographic, obstetric, and anti-malarial intervention data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. A capillary blood specimen was collected to diagnose malaria and anaemia as well as determine the blood group. Malaria was diagnosed by rapid diagnostic test (RDT), microscopy, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Statistical analyses were done by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26.0. The association between dependent and independent variables was assessed by multivariable binary logistic regression, considering P < 0.05 statistically significant. The magnitude of associations was quantified with the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) along with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
The overall prevalence of AMiP was 15.3% (95% CI 12.1, 18.9). It was 11.3% (95% CI 8.4, 14.7) by RDT, 11.8% (95% CI 8.9, 15.2) by microscopy and 17.6% (95% CI 11.7, 24.9) by qPCR. Plasmodium falciparum, moderate parasitaemia and submicroscopic infection accounted for 55.4% of the AMiP prevalence, 50.8% of the parasite density, and 41.6% of the qPCR-positive AMiP, respectively. Nearly 32.3% of pregnant women with AMiP carried gametocytes. Risk factors of AMiP were: not utilizing insecticide-treated net (ITN) within the previous week (AOR: 9.43 95% CI 1.57, 56.62), having a history of malaria within the previous year (AOR: 2.26 95% CI 1.16, 4.42), lack of indoor residual spraying (IRS) within the previous year (AOR: 3.00 95% CI 1.50, 6.00), and ANC contact below two rounds (AOR: 4.28 95% CI 2.06, 8.87). The prevalence of anaemia was 27.7% (95% CI 23.6, 32.1), and it was higher among AMiP-positives (56.9%) than the negatives (22.5%) (P: 000).

Conclusion
The prevalence of AMiP and anaemia was high, and remained as a critical public health problem in the study area. Focus on the identified risk factors and introduction of more sensitive diagnostic tools should be considered to mitigate AMiP in the study area.
Multiple collapses of blastocysts after full blastocyst formation is an independent risk factor for aneuploidy — a study based on AI and manual validation
Authors: Jin Lei , Si Keyi , Li Zhou , He Hui , Wu Li , Ma Bingxin , Ren Xinling , Huang Bo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The occurrence of blastocyst collapse may become an indicator of preimplantation embryo quality assessment. It has been reported that collapsing blastocysts can lead to higher rates of aneuploidy and poorer clinical outcomes, but more large-scale studies are needed to explore this relationship. This study explored the characteristics of blastocyst collapse identified and quantified by artificial intelligence and explored the associations between blastocyst collapse and embryo ploidy, morphological quality, and clinical outcomes.

Methods
This observational study included data from 3288 biopsied blastocysts in 1071 time-lapse preimplantation genetic testing cycles performed between January 2019 and February 2023 at a single academic fertility center. All transferred blastocysts are euploid blastocysts. The artificial intelligence recognized blastocyst collapse in time-lapse microscopy videos and then registered the collapsing times, and the start time, the recovery duration, the shrinkage percentage of each collapse. The effects of blastocyst collapse and embryo ploidy, pregnancy, live birth, miscarriage, and embryo quality were studied using available data from 1196 euploid embryos and 1300 aneuploid embryos.

Results
5.6% of blastocysts collapsed at least once only before the full blastocyst formation (tB), 19.4% collapsed at least once only after tB, and 3.1% collapsed both before and after tB. Multiple collapses of blastocysts after tB (times ≥ 2) are associated with higher aneuploid rates (54.6%, P > 0.05; 70.5%, P < 0.001; 72.5%, P = 0.004; and 71.4%, P = 0.049 in blastocysts collapsed 1, 2, 3 or ≥ 4 times), which remained significant after adjustment for confounders (OR = 2.597, 95% CI 1.464–4.607, P = 0.001). Analysis of the aneuploid embryos showed a higher ratio of collapses and multiple collapses after tB in monosomies and embryos with subchromosomal deletion of segmental nature (P < 0.001). Blastocyst collapse was associated with delayed embryonic development and declined blastocyst quality. There is no significant difference in pregnancy and live birth rates between collapsing and non-collapsing blastocysts.

Conclusions
Blastocyst collapse is common during blastocyst development. This study underlined that multiple blastocyst collapses after tB may be an independent risk factor for aneuploidy which should be taken into account by clinicians and embryologists when selecting blastocysts for transfer.
Diaph1 knockout inhibits mouse primordial germ cell proliferation and affects gonadal development
Authors: Zhao Xin , Fan Chunbiao , Qie Tongtong , Fu Xinrui , Chen Xiaoshuang , Wang Yujia , Wu Yuan , Fu Xinyao , Shi Kesong , Yan Wenlong , Yu Haiquan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Exploring the molecular mechanisms of primordial germ cell (PGC) migration and the involvement of gonadal somatic cells in gonad development is valuable for comprehending the origins and potential treatments of reproductive-related diseases.

Methods
Diaphanous related formin 1 (Diaph1, also known as mDia1) was screened by analyzing publicly available datasets (ATAC-seq, DNase-seq, and RNA-seq). Subsequently, the CRISPR-Cas9 technology was used to construct Diaph1 knockout mice to investigate the role of Diaph1 in gonad development.

Results
Based on data from public databases, a differentially expressed gene Diaph1, was identified in the migration of mouse PGC. Additionally, the number of PGCs was significantly reduced in Diaph1 knockout mice compared to wild type mice, and the expression levels of genes related to proliferation (Dicer1, Mcm9), adhesion (E-cadherin, Cdh1), and migration (Cxcr4, Hmgcr, Dazl) were significantly decreased. Diaph1 knockout also inhibited Leydig cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in the testis, as well as granulosa cell apoptosis in the ovary. Moreover, the sperm count in the epididymal region and the count of ovarian follicles were significantly reduced in Diaph1 knockout mice, resulting in decreased fertility, concomitant with lowered levels of serum testosterone and estradiol. Further research found that in Diaph1 knockout mice, the key enzymes involved in testosterone synthesis (CYP11A1, 3β-HSD) were decreased in Leydig cells, and the estradiol-associated factor (FSH receptor, AMH) in granulosa cells were also downregulated.

Conclusions
Overall, our findings indicate that the knockout of Diaph1 can disrupt the expression of factors that regulate sex hormone production, leading to impaired secretion of sex hormones, ultimately resulting in damage to reproductive function. These results provide a new perspective on the molecular mechanisms underlying PGC migration and gonadal development, and offer valuable insights for further research on the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of related diseases.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes hepatocellular carcinoma by modulating immunity: a study based on artificial neural networks and single-cell sequencing
Authors: Cheng Zhaorui , Li Shuangmei , Yang Shujun , Long Huibao , Wu Haidong , Chen Xuxiang , Cheng Xiaoping , Wang Tong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by the complex pathogenesis, limited therapeutic methods, and poor prognosis. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) plays an important role in the development of HCC, therefore, we still need further study of molecular mechanism of HCC and ERS for early diagnosis and promising treatment targets.

Method
The GEO datasets (GSE25097, GSE62232, and GSE65372) were integrated to identify differentially expressed genes related to HCC (ERSRGs). Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) machine learning techniques were applied to screen ERSRGs associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress, and an artificial neural network (ANN) diagnostic prediction model was constructed. The ESTIMATE algorithm was utilized to analyze the correlation between ERSRGs and the immune microenvironment. The potential therapeutic agents for ERSRGs were explored using the Drug Signature Database (DSigDB). The immunological landscape of the ERSRGs central gene PPP1R16A was assessed through single-cell sequencing and cell communication, and its biological function was validated using cytological experiments.

Results
An ANN related to the ERS model was constructed based on SRPX, THBS4, CTH, PPP1R16A, CLGN, and THBS1. The area under the curve (AUC) of the model in the training set was 0.979, and the AUC values in three validation sets were 0.958, 0.936, and 0.970, respectively, indicating high reliability and effectiveness. Spearman correlation analysis suggests that the expression levels of ERSRGs are significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration and immune-related pathways, indicating their potential as important targets for immunotherapy. Mometasone was predicted to be the most promising treatment drug based on its highest binding score. Among the six ERSRGs, PPP1R16A had the highest mutation rate, predominantly copy number mutations, which may be the core gene of the ERSRGs model. Single-cell analysis and cell communication indicated that PPP1R16A is predominantly distributed in liver malignant parenchymal cells and may reshape the tumor microenvironment by enhancing macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)/CD74 + CXCR4 signaling pathways. Functional experiments revealed that after siRNA knockdown, the expression of PPP1R16A was downregulated, which inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities of HCCLM3 and Hep3B cells in vitro.

Conclusion
The consensus of various machine learning algorithms and artificial intelligence neural networks has established a novel predictive model for the diagnosis of liver cancer associated with ERS. This study offers a new direction for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
A comparison of target volumes drawn on arterial and venous phase scans during radiation therapy planning for patients with pancreatic cancer: the PANCRINJ study
Authors: Zaidi Fabien , Calame Paul , Chevalier Cédric , Henriques Julie , Vernerey Dewi , Vuitton Lucine , Heyd Bruno , Borg Christophe , Boustani Jihane 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The planification of radiation therapy (RT) for pancreatic cancer (PC) requires a dosimetric computed tomography (CT) scan to define the gross tumor volume (GTV). The main objective of this study was to compare the inter-observer variability in RT planning between the arterial and the venous phases following intravenous contrast.

Methods
PANCRINJ was a prospective monocentric study that included twenty patients with non-metastatic PC. Patients underwent a pre-therapeutic CT scan at the arterial and venous phases. The delineation of the GTV was performed by one radiologist (gold standard) and two senior radiation oncologists (operators). The primary objective was to compare the Jaccard conformity index (JCI) for the GTVs computed between the GS (gold standard) and the operators between the arterial and the venous phases with a Wilcoxon signed rank test for paired samples. The secondary endpoints were the geographical miss index (GMI), the kappa index, the intra-operator variability, and the dose-volume histograms between the arterial and venous phases.

Results
The median JCI for the arterial and venous phases were 0.50 (range, 0.17–0.64) and 0.41 (range, 0.23–0.61) (p = 0.10) respectively. The median GS-GTV was statistically significantly smaller compared to the operators at the arterial (p < 0.0001) and venous phases (p < 0.001), respectively. The GMI were low with few tumors missed for all patients with a median GMI of 0.07 (range, 0-0.79) and 0.05 (range, 0-0.39) at the arterial and venous phases, respectively (p = 0.15). There was a moderate agreement between the radiation oncologists with a median kappa index of 0.52 (range 0.38–0.57) on the arterial phase, and 0.52 (range 0.36–0.57) on the venous phase (p = 0.08). The intra-observer variability for GTV delineation was lower at the venous phase than at the arterial phase for the two operators. There was no significant difference between the arterial and the venous phases regarding the dose-volume histogram for the operators.

Conclusions
Our results showed inter- and intra-observer variability in delineating GTV for PC without significant differences between the arterial and the venous phases. The use of both phases should be encouraged. Our findings suggest the need to provide training for radiation oncologists in pancreatic imaging and to collaborate within a multidisciplinary team.