bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐reported skin symptoms and skin‐related quality of life among Latino immigrant poultry processing and other manual workers
Authors: Quandt Sara A. , Newman Jill C. , Pichardo‐Geisinger Rita , Mora Dana C. , Chen Haiying , Feldman Steven R. , Arcury Thomas A. 
Published: December 2013

BackgroundManual labor employment occurs in environments with exposures likely to impact skin‐related quality of life (SRQOL).ObjectivesThe objectives of this paper are to (1) document the dimensions of SRQOL, (2) examine its association with skin symptoms, and (3) identify the predictors of SRQOL in Latino manual workers.MethodsA population‐based survey of 733 Latino manual workers obtained Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and skin symptoms in the prior year.ResultsTwo‐thirds of workers were employed in production. Skin symptoms in prior year were reported by 23%. Impaired SRQOL was reported by 23%. In multivariate analyses, reduced SRQOL was associated with age, occupation, childhood indigenous language use, and experience of skin symptoms in the prior year.ConclusionsDespite overall high SRQOL exposures in some immigrant occupational groups produce reduce SRQOL. This rural, immigrant population faces significant obstacles to obtaining dermatological care; efforts are needed to improve their SRQOL. Am. J. Ind. Med. 57:605–614, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hydrodynamic investigation on gas–solid two‐phase flow character in a circulating fluidized bed
Authors: Wang Xueyao , Fan Baoguo , Lei Jing , Lei Fulin , Xiao Yunhan 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTRiser is the key component of circulating fluidized bed reactors, in which gas–solid or catalytic reactions occurs. The flow hydrodynamics and Geldart B type solids' concentration profiles in the riser, under higher superficial gas velocity, larger solids circulation rate, and wide ranges of operating conditions, were the focuses of this experimental study. The typical core‐annulus structure with clusters and a small amount of particles' back‐mixing phenomena near the wall of the riser was observed. The axial solids concentration distributions in the riser with an abrupt T‐shape exit were characterized by a dense region near the bottom, a dilute region toward the up‐middle zone, and a dense region near the top exit. Solids became dilute, and the back‐mixing phenomena weakened with the increase of superficial gas velocity. And the solids concentration at the same height position increased with the increment of solids circulation rate. Furthermore, the effects of two exit configurations, namely smooth C‐shape and abrupt T‐shape, on the flow characteristics were investigated. In order to compare the influence of particles' density and diameter, four single Geldart D particles and a soybean and millet two‐phase mixture are chosen as bed materials to study the bubbling bed flow character. Copyright © 2013 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reprocessing effects on polypropylene/silica nanocomposites
Authors: Dorigato Andrea , Pegoretti Alessandro 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTA polypropylene matrix was melt compounded with a given amount (2 vol %) of both untreated (hydrophilic) and surface treated (hydrophobic) fumed silica nanoparticles with the aim to investigate the influence of the time under processing conditions on the microstructure and thermo‐mechanical properties of the resulting materials. Chain scission reactions induced by thermal processing caused a remarkable decrease of the melt viscosity, as revealed by the melt flow index values of both neat matrix and nanocomposites, but the degradative effect was significantly hindered by the presence of silica nanoparticles. It was observed that the size of nanofiller aggregates noticeably decreased as the compounding time increased, especially when hydrophobic silica nanofiller was considered. While the melting temperature seemed to be unaffected by the processing time, a remarkable embrittlement of the samples was observed for prolonged compounding times. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40242.
Structure evolution during uniaxial tensile deformation of high density polyethylene before and after irradiation by 1 MeV electrons
Authors: Rui Erming , Yang Jianqun , Li Xingji , Liu Chaoming , Tian Feng , Gao Feng , Li Xiuhong , Geng Hongbin 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe structural evolution of high density polyethylene (HDPE) during uniaxial tensile deformation, before and after irradiation by 1 MeV electrons, is in situ studied by synchrotron small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) and wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD). Both the pristine and the irradiated HDPE exhibit three regions of deformation behavior. It is shown that the deformation in the first region is in accord with the change in long period of the lamellar structure. In the following two regions, both the strain‐induced melting and strain‐induced crystallization could occur. The tensile stress decreases with strain in the second region due to the dominant melting effect. In the third region, the synergistic effect of the melting and crystallization results in stress leveling off first, and then the tensile stress increases again because the crystallization effect becomes dominant at higher strains. For the irradiated HDPE, the irradiation‐induced crosslinking network slows down the deformation process. Compared to the pristine one, all the tensile stress is rather higher at a given strain for the irradiated HDPE. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40269.
Catastrophic depletion of reef‐associated sea cucumbers: resource management/reef resilience issues for an Indonesian marine park and the wider Indo‐Pacific
Authors: Lane David J. W. , Limbong Daniel 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Commercial species of shallow‐water, tropical, aspidochirotid sea cucumbers (bêche‐de‐mer) in the Indo‐West Pacific, many of them, at maturity, large and conspicuous benthic members of coral reef or seagrass/sediment environments, represent a high‐value marine resource, traditionally fished for centuries, but which currently are being heavily overfished, largely through a growing demand from mainland China and regional markets in the supply chain.
Population losses are exemplified by a study at Bunaken National Marine Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, where densities of commercial sea cucumber species are very low following earlier harvesting and where drop‐out of species records has occurred over a 17‐year study period.
Sea cucumber populations have not recovered from overexploitative depredations despite the designation of this area as a National Marine Park in 1991 and the commencement of protection measures.
This pattern of overexploitation, replicated across the tropical Indo‐Pacific, has detrimental implications for many coastal communities traditionally or currently dependent on this high‐value resource.
In addition there are potentially serious implications of overharvesting – reviewed here – for reef ecosystem resilience.
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electron transfer reactions of ruthenium(II)–bipyridine complexes carrying tyrosine moiety with quinones
Authors: Mareeswaran Paulpandian Muthu , Rajkumar Eswaran , Sathish Veerasamy , Rajagopal Seenivasan 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTThree ruthenium(II)–bipyridine complexes carrying a tyrosine moiety were synthesized and photophysical and electron transfer studies with quinones were carried out using absorption and emission spectral techniques. The binding efficiency of quinones with ruthenium(II)–bipyridine complexes was also studied using these techniques. The binding efficiency was moderate and similar for all complexes with all quinones. The quenching modes were also similar and efficient for all complexes with all quinones. The quenching processes were diffusion controlled. The rate of electron transfer was calculated using semiclassical theory. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Newly engineered cyan fluorescent proteins with enhanced performances for live cell FRET imaging
Authors: Mérola Fabienne , Fredj Asma , Betolngar Dahdjim‐Benoît , Ziegler Cornelia , Erard Marie , Pasquier Hélène 
Published: December 2013

AbstractCyan fluorescent proteins (CFPs) derived from Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein are the most widely used Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET) donors in genetically encoded biosensors for live‐cell imaging and bioassays. However, the weak and complex fluorescence emission of cyan variants, such as enhanced cyan fluorescent protein (ECFP) or Cerulean, has long remained a major bottleneck in these FRET techniques. Recently, several CFPs with greatly improved performances, including mTurquoise, mTurquoise2, mCerulean3, and Aquamarine, have been engineered through a mixture of site‐directed and large‐scale random mutagenesis. This review summarizes the engineering and relative merits of these new cyan donors, which can readily replace popular CFPs in FRET imaging protocols, while reaching fluorescence quantum yields close to 90%, and unprecedented long, near‐single fluorescence lifetimes of about 4 ns. These variants display an increased general photostability and much reduced environmental sensitivity, notably towards acid pH. These new, bright, and robust CFPs now open up exciting outlooks for fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy and advanced quantitative FRET analyses in living cells. In addition, the stepwise engineering of Aquamarine shows that only two critical mutations in ECFP, and one in Cerulean, are required to achieve these performances, which brings new insights into the structural bases of their photophysical properties.
Allosteric transitions of the maltose transporter studied by an elastic network model
Authors: Li Chun Hua , Yang Yong Xiao , Su Ji Guo , Liu Bin , Tan Jian Jun , Zhang Xiao Yi , Wang Cun Xin 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTThe maltose transporter from Escherichia coli is one of the ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporters that utilize the energy from ATP hydrolysis to translocate substrates across cellular membranes. Until 2011, three crystal structures have been determined for maltose transporter at different states in the process of transportation. Here, based on these crystal structures, the allosteric pathway from the resting state (inward‐facing) to the catalytic intermediate state (outward‐facing) is studied by applying an adaptive anisotropic network model. The results suggest that the allosteric transitions proceed in a coupled way. The closing of the nucleotide‐binding domains occurs first, and subsequently this conformational change is propagated to the transmembrane domains (TMD) via the EAA and EAS loops, and then to the maltose‐binding protein, which facilitates the translocation of the maltose. It is also found that there exist nonrigid‐body and asymmetric movements in the TMD. The cytoplasmic gate may only play the role of allosteric propagation during the transition from the pretranslocation to outward‐facing states. In addition, the results show that the movment of the helical subdomain towards the RecA‐like subdomain mainly occurs in the earlier stages of the transition. These results can provide some insights into the understanding of the mechanism of ABC transporters. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 101: 758–768, 2014.
Fast hemicellulose quantification via a simple one‐step acid hydrolysis
Authors: Gao Xiadi , Kumar Rajeev , Wyman Charles E. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTAs the second most common polysaccharides in nature, hemicellulose has received much attention in recent years for its importance in biomass conversion in terms of producing high yields of fermentable sugars and value‐added products, as well as its role in reducing biomass recalcitrance. Therefore, a time and labor efficient method that specifically analyzes hemicellulose content would be valuable to facilitate the screening of biomass feedstocks. In this study, a one‐step acid hydrolysis method was developed, which applied 4 wt% sulfuric acid at 121°C for 1 h to rapidly quantify XGM (xylan + galactan + mannan) contents in various types of lignocellulosic biomass and model hemicelluloses. This method gave statistically identical results in XGM contents compared to results from conventional two‐step acid hydrolysis while significantly shortening analysis time. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 1088–1096. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparative pharmacokinetics studies of benzoylhypaconine, benzoylmesaconine, benzoylaconine and hypaconitine in rats by LC‐MS method after administration of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata extract and Dahuang Fuzi Decoction
Authors: Liu Xiao , Li Huan , Song Xiaoqing , Qin Kunming , Guo Hui , Wu Li , Cai Hao , Cai Baochang 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTA rapid and sensitive high‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometric (HPLC‐MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of benzoylhypaconine (BHA), benzoylmesaconine (BMA), benzoylaconine (BAC) and hypaconitine (HA) in rat plasma for the first time. The analytes were separated on a Kromasil C18 column with a total running time of 11 min. The validation data demonstrated a sound feasibility for the newly developed method and it was then applied to the pharmacokinetic study of these analytes in rats. Pharmacokinetic behaviors of BHA, BMA, BAC and HA in rats were studied after oral administration of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata extract (FZ) and Dahuang Fuzi Decoction (DFD). The main parameters for the two groups of subjects were compared, and significant differences between Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata extract group and Dahuang Fuzi Decoction group in calculated parameters, such as the area under the plasma concentration–time from zero to the last quantifiable time‐point (AUC0–t), the area under the plasma concentration–time curve from zero to infinity (AUC0–∞), peak plasma concentration (Cmax), half‐life of elimination (T1/2), mean retention time (MRT0–t), plasma clearance (CL), volume of distribution (Vd) and time to reach Cmax (Tmax), were found. After oral administration of DFD, the AUC0–t, AUC0–∞ and Cmax of BHA, BMA, BAC and HA decreased remarkably (p < 0.05) compared with those of the FZ extract group. Vd and CL values of BHA, BMA, BAC and HA increased, two of which showed significant difference (p < 0.05). T1/2 and MRT0–t values of BHA, BMA and BAC in the DFD group were significantly delayed compared with those of FZ extract group. Only the Tmax of HA, the toxic ingredient in FZ, delayed significantly in DFD group compared with the value of FZ group. All these pharmacokinetic parameters were statistically compared, and the rationality of the combination for DFD was clearly demonstrated. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel LC‐MS/MS method for determination of tissue distribution and excretion of timosaponin B‐II in rat biological matrices
Authors: Xu Zhongyuan , Gao Shouhong , Cai Fei , Zhang Feng , Jiang Wei , Liu Xiaowei , Chen Wansheng 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTTimosaponin B‐II (TB‐II) is a natural bioactive steroid glycoside extracted from the Chinese medicinal herb Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. (Fam. Liliaceae). It has been demonstrated to have a good anti‐inflammatory effect and a low bioavailability (1.1%). Clinical research has focused on developing it into a completely new medicine. In this study, a rapid and sensitive analytical method based on LC‐MS/MS has been developed for the determination of TB‐II in rat biological matrices (tissues, bile, urine and feces samples). The analytes and internal standard were isolated from 100 μL samples by solid‐phase extraction and then separated using a DIKMA Inertsil ODS‐3 column (5 µm, 2.1 × 150 mm) with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile–0.05% formic acid (35:65) at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min. Calibration curves (1/χ2‐weighted) offered satisfactory linearity (r2 ≥ 0.990) within the test range. The accuracy, precision, recoveries and matrix effects were satisfactory in all the biological matrices examined. The assay was successfully applied to a tissue distribution and excretion study in rats. The preclinical data are useful for the design of clinical trials of TB‐II. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Postsynaptic distribution of IRSp53 in spiny excitatory and inhibitory neurons
Authors: Burette Alain C. , Park Haram , Weinberg Richard J. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTThe 53 kDa insulin receptor substrate protein (IRSp53) is highly enriched in the brain. Despite evidence that links mutations of IRSp53 with autism and other neuropsychiatric problems, the functional significance of this protein remains unclear. We used light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry to demonstrate that IRSp53 is expressed throughout the adult rat brain. Labeling concentrated selectively in dendritic spines, where it was associated with the postsynaptic density (PSD). Surprisingly, its organization within the PSD of spiny excitatory neurons of neocortex and hippocampus differed from that within spiny inhibitory neurons of neostriatum and cerebellar cortex. The present data support previous suggestions that IRSp53 is involved in postsynaptic signaling, while hinting that its signaling role may differ in different types of neurons. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:2164–2178, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hemodynamics in two tandem aneurysms treated with flow diverters
Authors: Mut Fernando , Scrivano Esteban , Bleise Carlos , Lylyk Pedro , Cebral Juan 
Published: December 2013

SUMMARYThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether the occlusion time of cerebral aneurysms treated with flow diverters depends on the hemodynamic conditions created immediately after treatment. A case study of a pair of tandem intracranial aneurysms that were treated with flow‐diverting devices and occluded at different times was carried out. A patient‐specific computational fluid dynamics model was constructed from 3D rotational angiography images. Blood flow simulations were carried out under pulsatile physiologic conditions, and hemodynamic variables before and after deployment of the flow‐diverting devices were quantified and compared. The flow‐diverting devices reduced aneurysm inflow rates, intra‐aneurysmal flow velocities, shear rates, and wall shear stresses. The flow patterns after flow modulation by the flow diverters were smoother and with less swirling. The reductions in hemodynamic quantities depended on the aneurysm and parent artery and were larger in the aneurysm that occluded faster. The results of this case study suggest that the larger the reduction in the hemodynamic variables considered, the shorter the time it takes for the aneurysm to thrombose. This result can help us better define the goal of these interventions. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and bioavailability of GSK2018682, a sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor modulator, in healthy volunteers
Authors: Xu Jianfeng , Gray Frank , Henderson Alex , Hicks Kirsty , Yang Jiansong , Thompson Paul , Oliver Johann 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of single (SD) and repeat (RD) doses of GSK2018682, a selective S1P1 receptor modulator, were evaluated in healthy volunteers. The bioavailability (BA) of different formulations and effects of food were also evaluated. SD of up to 24 mg and RD of up to 6 mg/day for 28 days were reasonably tolerated, despite higher incidences of gastrointestinal and cardiovascular adverse events compared to placebo. There was a linear relationship between dose and systemic exposure with a dose‐independent half‐life (t1/2) between 44.9 and 63.3 hours. GSK2018682 induced acute, transient and non‐symptomatic decreases in heart rate and blood pressure. Dose‐dependent reduction in absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), and all tested subsets, was observed to various degrees, up to a nadir of over 70% reduction from baseline. There was no difference in major pharmacokinetic parameters among three formulations of GSK2018682 and between fasted and fed subjects. However, there was a reduction in the extent of bradycardia following dosing in the fed state. Additionally, exercise induced robust increase in heart rate in subjects who had bradycardia following RD of GSK2018682 up to 6 mg, suggesting possible physiological methods of reducing the extent of S1P mediated bradycardia and subsequent AV‐block.
Labeling of the pathogenic bacterium Staphylococcus aureus with gold or ferric oxide‐core nanoparticles highlights new capabilities for investigation of host–pathogen interactions
Authors: Depke Maren , Surmann Kristin , Hildebrandt Petra , Jehmlich Nico , Michalik Stephan , Stanca Sarmiza E. , Fritzsche Wolfgang , Völker Uwe , Schmidt Frank 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThroughout the world, infections caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. In order to gain some understanding of the complicated physiological link between host and pathogen, modern techniques such as confocal microscopy and sophisticated OMICs technologies are suitable. However, labeling of pathogens such as S. aureus with green fluorescent protein, for example, or the generation of a reliable antibody, which are prerequisites for the application of reproducible isolation techniques, does not always succeed. Here, we present a universal approach for monitoring pathogen traffic after internalization into host cells by fluorescence microscopy and for isolation of bacteria from host–pathogen interaction assays using gold or ferric oxide‐core, poly(vinyl alcohol) coated, and fluorescence‐labeled nanoparticles (NP). The incubation of S. aureus HG001 with those NP had only minor effects on the bacterial growth in vitro. Quantitative proteome analysis after 24 h of NP incubation revealed that presence of NP provoked only marginal changes in the proteome pattern. The method presented enabled us to investigate the behavior of S. aureus HG001 during infection of S9 human epithelial cells by means of fluorescence microscopy and proteomics using magnetic separation or cell sorting. © 2013 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Juvenile play experience does not affect nicotine sensitization and voluntary consumption of nicotine in adult rats
Authors: Himmler B.T. , Nakahashi A. , Snow E. , McMickle A. , Muhammad A. , Biondolillo K.D. , Pellis S.M. , Kolb B. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTJuvenile play experiences promote behavioral flexibility in rats. If other early positive experiences, such as tactile stimulation, are given prior to exposure to psychostimulants, the behavioral response to the drug is attenuated. The objective of the present study was to determine if the experience of juvenile play behavior would attenuate the response to nicotine. Two experiments were conducted: (1) behavioral sensitization to nicotine exposure, and (2) voluntary consumption of nicotine. For both experiments, rats were reared either with three same‐sex peers (play group) or one adult (no play group) during their juvenile period. Then, as adults, half of each group was exposed to repeated injections of nicotine and the other half to saline. Prior play experience had no effect on behavioral sensitization or on voluntary consumption of nicotine. It remains to be determined whether juvenile experience with play influences the rewarding properties of nicotine in social contexts as adults. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 1052–1060, 2014.