bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of canine‐specific albumin in dogs with septic peritonitis
Authors: Craft Elise M. , Powell Lisa L. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo assess changes in serum albumin concentration (ALB), colloid osmotic pressure (COP), and Doppler blood pressure (DBP) following transfusion of 5% lyophilized canine‐specific albumin (CSA) in hypoalbuminemic dogs following surgical source control for septic peritonitis.DesignProspective randomized clinical trial November 2009 – November 2010.SettingUniversity teaching hospital.AnimalsFourteen client‐owned dogs with hypoalbuminemia (<27 g/L [2.7 g/dL]) following surgical source control for septic peritonitis.InterventionsDogs were randomized to clinician‐directed therapy (CDT) and CSA groups. Dogs enrolled in the CSA group received 800 mg/kg of CSA within 24 hours following surgical intervention.Measurements and Main ResultsAt enrollment, ALB, COP, and DBP were not different between groups. ALB, COP, and DBP were significantly increased in the CSA group 2 hours following completion of the transfusion compared with the CDT group (P= 0.0234, 0.0078, 0.0156, respectively). In comparison to the CDT group, there was a significant change in ALB in the CSA group 24 hours after transfusion (P= 0.0039), but no difference in COP (P= 0.3914) or DBP (P= 0.5145). ALB was significantly higher in the CSA group at 24 hours compared with the CDT group (P= 0.0367) At the time of death or discharge, there was no difference between groups regarding ALB, COP, or DBP, but an association between ALB and survival was identified (P= 0.0273). One dog experienced tachypnea during transfusion of CSA; this dog died of unknown respiratory causes 120 hours after transfusion.ConclusionsThe administration of CSA in dogs with septic peritonitis results in an increase in ALB, COP, and DBP 2 hours after administration. An increase in ALB persisted at 24 hours compared with a CDT group. Administration of this product was not associated with owner‐reported delayed adverse events in this population of dogs.
QT Prolongation, Torsade de Pointes, Myocardial Ischemia From Coronary Vasospasm, and Headache Medications. Part 1: Review of Serotonergic Cardiac Adverse Events With a Triptan Case
Authors: Stillman Mark J. , Tepper Stewart , Tepper Deborah E. , Cho Leslie 
Published: December 2012

Serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine)1B/1D agonists are vasoconstrictors that can affect coronary and cerebral arteries. Retrosternal chest, arm, and jaw pain following triptan use is generally attributed to “triptan sensations” and dismissed as noncardiac. However, triptans narrow normal coronary arteries and occasionally trigger vasospasm. They are contraindicated in atherosclerotic vascular disease.Part 1 of this review examines the relationship of medications used in migraine with the likelihood of causing vasospasm or vasoconstriction, and the triggering of cardiac arrhythmias. We report an illustrative case of polymorphic ventricular tachyarrhythmia, electrocardiogram changes consistent with cardiac ischemia, and acquired corrected QT interval lengthening following oral sumatriptan in a 53‐year‐old migraineur without risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). Extensive evaluation revealed insignificant single coronary vessel atherosclerosis and coronary artery vasospasm on ergonovine challenge. The report highlights the hidden risk that may underlie a “triptan sensation” and the possible association of the vasospastic features of Raynaud's phenomenon, migraine headaches, and coronary vasospasm.Part 1 discusses the risks for Torsade de Pointes, vasospasm, and ischemia, with a review and discussion of case reports of triptan‐associated cardiovascular events in migraineurs with and without CAD risk factors or documented CAD; of the epidemiology and studies of triptans, vasospasm, and cardiovascular morbidity; and of the relationship of variant angina, migraine, and vasospastic disease. In the second part of this review, headache medications and their propensity for corrected QT prolongation will be summarized.
Equine Articular Synovial Cysts: 16 Cases
Authors: Lacourt Mathieu , MacDonald Melinda , Rossier Yves , Laverty Sheila 
Published: December 2012

ObjectiveTo report the clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of equine patients with articular synovial cysts.Study DesignRetrospective case series.AnimalsHorses (n = 16) with articular synovial cysts.MethodsHorses diagnosed with articular synovial cysts (1988–2009) at 2 veterinary teaching hospitals were studied. Signalment, history, clinical signs, diagnostic methods and treatment were retrieved and telephone follow‐up was obtained.ResultsSixteen horses with articular synovial cysts were identified. Lameness was the reason for referral in most (n = 9) horses. Diagnosis was based on a combination of palpation and imaging studies, including radiography, ultrasonography and/or arthrography. Excision of the cyst was performed in 8 horses. Outcome was available for 4 surgically and 2 conservatively treated horses. Lameness resolved in 3 horses treated surgically and the 4th died for unrelated reasons. The 2 conservatively treated horses performed satisfactorily for the rest of their career.ConclusionsEquine articular synovial cysts are rare and can be associated with lameness. The cysts had a synovial lining in all horses where it was assessed. Surgical excision may be successful in resolving the lameness and allowing selected horses to return to work.
Political Contexts Surrounding Title X, the National Family Planning Program, Over the Past Four Decades: Oral Histories with Key Stakeholders in Florida
Authors: Vamos Cheryl A. , Daley Ellen M. , Perrin Kay M. , Buhi Eric R. , Mahan Charles R. 
Published: December 2012

Introduction: Title X, enacted in 1970, remains the only policy devoted solely to providing voluntary and confidential family planning and related preventative services to all those in need. Despite Title X's significant public health achievements, this policy continues to receive scrutiny and faces political, financial, and social challenges. This study explores key stakeholders’ perceptions regarding the political contexts that have surrounded Title X over its historical maturation.Methods: Six oral histories were conducted with key stakeholders in Florida using a semi structured interview guide developed from Title X's legislative history, McPhail's Feminist Policy Analysis Framework, and the literature. Oral histories were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding in NVivo 8.Results: Participants identified and discussed the following political topics and controversies that they perceived have directly or indirectly affected Title X: abortion, adolescents, parental notification, school‐based clinics, abstinence‐only education, political administrations, and family planning methods.Discussion: Participants’ recollections regarding the political contexts that have surrounded Title X over the past 4 decades provided a broad yet rich description of the barriers that exist with fulfilling this policy. Such opposition hinders Title X's ability to support women's right to reproductive health. Practitioners play a key role in advocating for family planning services and should understand the political issues hindering reproductive health policies and the need to translate family planning services as a basic human right.
Diffusion Anisotropy Color‐Coded Map of Cerebral White Matter: Quantitative Comparison between Orthogonal Anisotropic Diffusion‐Weighted Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Authors: Uwano Ikuko , Sasaki Makoto , Kudo Kohsuke , Fujiwara Shunrou , Yamaguchi Mao , Saito Ayumi , Ogasawara Kuniaki , Ogawa Akira 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEDiffusion anisotropy color‐coded maps of cerebral white matter can be generated from orthogonal anisotropic diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) using the three‐dimensional anisotropy contrast (3DAC) technique, but its precision has not been fully validated. Hence, we attempted to determine whether 3DAC is comparable to a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) color map.METHODSWe examined 15 healthy individuals and generated color‐coded maps using 3DAC as well as using primary eigenvector (e1) and fractional anisotropy (FA) from identical DTI datasets. The difference in the direction of the 3DAC vector from e1 (θ) in cerebral white matter was evaluated. Correlations between θ and FA or obliqueness of e1 were also examined.RESULTSIn cerebral white matter, θ had significantly negative and positive correlations with FA values and e1 obliqueness, respectively. Among white matter tracts, the pyramidal tract, cingulum, and corpus callosum, which had significantly high FA and/or low obliqueness, exhibited similar coloration and significantly smaller θ (4.4°± 1.6°, 9.3°± 2.8°, and 11.2°± 1.1°, respectively) than the entire white matter (13.9°± 1.1°).CONCLUSIONSThe 3DAC could visualize directional information of white matter tracts as precisely DTI‐based color maps did, particularly when FA was large and/or e1 directions were orthogonal.
“Ears of the Lynx” Sign in a Marchiafava–Bignami patient: Structural Basis and Fiber‐Tracking DTI Contribution to the Understanding of this Imaging Abnormality
Authors: Pacheco Felipe Torres , Rego Milena Morais , do Rego Jose Iram Mendonça , da Rocha Antonio J. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThe “ears of the lynx” sign was previously reported as a neuroimaging finding observed in patients with autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia in association with a thin corpus callosum (ARHSP–TCC). We report a patient with a chronic form of Marchiafava–Bignami disease (MBD) that presented with this imaging feature. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and fiber‐tracking data support that this finding is a consequence of the structural derangement, which enlarges a preexisting border zone of the bundles of fibers from the corpus callosum (CC) genu to the forceps minor and anterior corona radiata. Therefore, we assume that despite their pathological differences, damage to the anterior portion of the CC is responsible for the imaging similarities between MBD and ARHSP–TCC.
Determinants of herbicide use in rice production in the Philippines
Authors: Beltran Jesusa C. , White Benedict , Burton Michael , Doole Graeme J. , Pannell David J. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis study identifies farm‐specific and market factors affecting the adoption of herbicides and the level of herbicide use by rice farmers in the Philippines. This requires the application of a modified version of Heckman's two‐step method to estimate a random‐effects double‐hurdle model for unbalanced panel data. The age of the farmer, household size, and irrigation use are significant determinants of the decision of farmers to adopt herbicides as an alternative to manual weeding, while economic variables such as the price of herbicides, total income, and access to credit determine the level of herbicide use. Determinants of both adoption and level are land ownership, farm area, and the method of crop establishment. These results are potentially relevant when designing policies to reduce excessive herbicide use or to encourage the adoption of alternative weed control methods such as integrated weed management.
How would Capital Account Liberalization Affect China's Capital Flows and the Renminbi Real Exchange Rates?
Authors: He Dong , Cheung Lillian , Zhang Wenlang , Wu Tommy 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn this paper we study the determinants of gross capital flows, project the size of China's international investment position in 2020, and analyze the implications for the renminbi real exchange rate if China liberalizes the capital account. We assume in this exercise that the renminbi will have largely achieved capital account convertibility by the end of the current decade, a timetable consistent with recent proposals by the People's Bank of China. Our analysis shows that if the capital account were liberalized, China's gross international investment position would grow significantly, and inflows and outflows would become much more balanced. The private sector would turn its net liability position into a balanced position, and the official sector would reduce its net asset position significantly, relative to the country's GDP. Because of the increasing importance of private sector foreign claims and the decreasing importance of official foreign reserves, China would be able to earn higher net investment income from abroad. Overall, China would continue to be a net creditor, with the net foreign asset position as a share of GDP remaining largely stable through this decade. These findings suggest that the renminbi real exchange rate would not be particularly sensitive to capital account liberalization as capital flows are expected to be two‐sided. The renminbi real exchange rate would likely be on a path of moderate appreciation as China is expected to maintain a sizeable growth differential with its trading partners.
PROP test: prediction of caries risk by genetic taste perception among the visually impaired children
Authors: Shetty Vabitha , B.L. Pooja , Hegde Amitha M. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThe study sample consisted of 100 children with visual impairment aged 6–14 years. 6‐n‐propylthiouracil (PROP) sensitivity test was carried out. The Caries experience was recorded, estimation of Streptococcus mutans done and their taste likes and dislikes assessed through a food preference questionnaire. The Caries experience and S. mutans levels were highest in the non‐tasters, comparatively low in medium tasters and the least in the supertasters. Dietary preferences indicated tasters were sweet dislikers and non‐tasters, sweet likers. PROP test can be a useful tool in determining genetic taste sensitivity levels amongst the visually impaired children and thus used as a screening tool in those children who are at a high risk of developing dental caries.
Transparency and accountability in infrastructure stimulus spending: A comparison of Canadian, Australian and U.S. programs
Authors: Stoney Christopher , Krawchenko Tamara 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn response to the global financial crisis that began in late 2007, many countries took on significant levels of deficit financing in order to increase spending on public works and infrastructure. This rapid infusion of public funding has raised concerns about the accountability and transparency of stimulus measures, including how best to monitor and evaluate the allocation and impact of the funds and report back to citizens. While there is growing research on the macro‐economic impacts of stimulus spending, very little comparative work has been done on the approaches of different countries to the governance of infrastructure stimulus spending programs. This article focuses on the latter by identifying and explaining the different practices in Canada, Australia and the United States in order to highlight implications for future stimulus‐led investment.
Sustainable development in Quebec and Flanders: Institutionalizing symbolic politics?
Authors: Happaerts Sander 
Published: December 2012

AbstractSince the publication of the Brundtland Report in 1987, governments at all levels have been struggling with the concept of sustainable development and its translation into public policy. In some federal countries, subnational governments have presented themselves as pioneers in sustainable development governance. This article critically analyses and compares the sustainable development policies in Quebec and Flanders – self‐declared leaders in the field – and seeks to identify lessons for the broader area of sustainable development governance. The analysis reveals some similarities in the policies and several problems. While certain investments are made at the administrative level, the policies are characterized by symbolic politics, devoid of political significance and not moving beyond cosmetic, rhetorical engagement. A renewed political commitment for sustainable development, as set out by the recent Rio+20 Summit, is urgently needed.
Targeting adenosine receptors with coumarins: synthesis and binding activities of amide and carbamate derivatives
Authors: Matos Maria João , Gaspar Alexandra , Kachler Sonja , Klotz Karl-Norbert , Borges Fernanda , Santana Lourdes , Uriarte Eugenio 
Published: December 2012

Abstract

Objectives
With the aim of finding the structural features governing binding activity and selectivity against adenosine receptors (ARs), several 3-subtituted coumarins with amide (compounds 3–6) and carbamate (7–9) functions were synthesized. To study its possible influence on the binding activity and selectivity, a hydroxyl substituent was also introduced at position 4 of the coumarin moiety.

Methods
A new series of coumarins (3–9) were synthesized and evaluated by radioligand binding studies towards ARs.

Key findings
None of the 4-hydroxy derivatives (4, 8 and 9) showed binding affinity for any of the ARs. None of the compounds interacted with the hA2B AR (Ki &gt; 100 000 nm). Compounds 3, 5, 6 and 7 had different activity profiles with dissimilar binding affinity and selectivity towards human A1, A2A and A3 ARs.

Conclusions
The most remarkable derivative is compound 7, which presents the best affinity and selectivity for the A3 adenosine receptor (Ki = 5500 nm).
Phase Equilibria of the Zinc Oxide–Cobalt Oxide System in Air
Authors: Perry Nicola H. , Mason Thomas O. 
Published: December 2012

Phase equilibria of the zinc oxide–cobalt oxide system were studied by a combination of X‐ray diffraction and in situ electrical conductivity and thermopower measurements of bulk ceramic specimens up to 1000°C in air. Rietveld refinement of X‐ray diffraction patterns demonstrated increasing solubility of Co in ZnO with increasing temperature, which is supported by the slight increase in wurtzite (Zn1−xCoxO) cell volume and lattice parameter a versus temperature determined for the phase boundary compositions. Similarly, the solubility of Zn in CoO increased with increasing temperature. In contrast, the spinel phase (ZnzCo3−zO4) exhibited retrograde solubility for Zn. Electrical measurements showed that the eutectoid temperature for transformation of rocksalt Co1−yZnyO into wurtzite and spinel is 894 ± 3°C, and the upper temperature limit of the stability of the spinel phase is 894°C–898°C for the compositions Co/(Zn+Co) = 0.82–1. The resulting composition‐temperature phase diagram is presented and compared to the earlier (1955) diagram by Robin.
The effects of dog breed development on genetic diversity and the relative influences of performance and conformation breeding
Authors: Pedersen N. , Liu H. , Theilen G. , Sacks B. 
Published: December 2012

SummaryGenetic diversity was compared among eight dog breeds selected primarily for conformation (Standard Poodle, Italian Greyhound and show English Setter), conformation and performance (Brittany), predominantly performance (German Shorthaired and Wirehaired Pointers) or solely performance (field English Setter and Red Setter). Modern village dogs, which better reflect ancestral genetic diversity, were used as the standard. Four to seven maternal and one to two Y haplotypes were found per breed, with one usually dominant. Diversity of maternal haplotypes was greatest in village dogs, intermediate in performance breeds and lowest in conformation breeds. Maternal haplotype sharing occurred across all breeds, while Y haplotypes were more breed specific. Almost all paternal haplotypes were identified among village dogs, with the exception of the dominant Y haplotype in Brittanys, which has not been identified heretofore. The highest heterozygosity based on 24 autosomal microsatellites was found in village dogs and the lowest in conformation (show) breeds. Principal coordinate analysis indicated that conformation‐type breeds were distinct from breeds heavily used for performance, the latter clustering more closely with village dogs. The Brittany, a well‐established dual show and field breed, was also genetically intermediate between the conformation and performance breeds. The number of DLA‐DRB1 alleles varied from 3 to 10 per breed with extensive sharing. SNPs across the wider DLA region were more frequently homozygous in all pure breeds than in village dogs. Compared with their village dog relatives, all modern breed dogs exhibit reduced genetic diversity. Genetic diversity was even more reduced among breeds under selection for show/conformation.
Maxillary overdentures supported by four or six implants in the anterior region; 1‐year results from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Slot Wim , Raghoebar Gerry M. , Vissink Arjan , Meijer Henny J.A. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectiveComparing treatment outcome of four and six bar‐connected implants in the anterior maxillary region to support an overdenture during a 1‐year follow‐up period.Material and methodsFifty edentulous patients with lack of retention and stability of the upper denture, but with sufficient bone volume to place implants in the anterior maxillary region, were selected. Randomization assigned patients to either four or six implants. Implant survival, overdenture survival, clinical scores, radiographic bone height changes, and patients' satisfaction were assessed.ResultsForty‐nine patients (one drop out) completed the 1‐year follow‐up. After 1 year, implant survival was 100% in the four implants group and 99.3% in the six implants group (one implant lost). Overdenture survival was 100% in both groups. Mean clinical scores were low and did not differ between groups (independent Student's t‐test). Mean marginal bone resorption was 0.24 ± 0.32 mm in the four implants group and 0.25 ± 0.29 mm in the six implants group. Patients' satisfaction had improved in both groups (paired Student's t‐test).ConclusionBar‐supported overdentures on four implants in the anterior maxillary region are not inferior to overdentures supported by six bar‐connected implants. Implant survival was high, peri‐implant conditions were healthy and patients' satisfaction had increased significantly in both groups.
Application of IFN‐γ releasing assay for the diagnosis of erythema induratum of Bazin
Authors: Na S.Y. , Park S.Y. , Cho H.H. , Choi J.W. , Choi M. , Park H.S. , Cho K.H. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackground  Erythema induratum of Bazin (EIB) is regarded to be a hypersensitive reaction to the concomitant tuberculosis. Recently, interferon‐γ releasing assay (IGRA) has been focused as a promising tool in the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis. However, there has been no large scale study to investigate the usefulness of IGRA in the diagnosis of EIB.Objectives  To evaluate the diagnostic performance for the detection of EIB.Methods  We retrospectively reviewed medical records of all patients with EIB, in the Department of Dermatology, at the Seoul National University Hospital, between April 2009 and September 2011. We analysed clinicopathological features, responses to IGRA and the treatment courses. In addition, we compared positive rate of IGRA in patients with other diseases during the same period.Results  All of the 22 patients demonstrated a positive response to IGRA (100%) and showed a good response to anti‐tuberculosis treatment. In contrast, positive rate was 63.64% and 66.67% in patients with psoriasis and other vasculitis respectively. We observed complete resolution of skin lesions in 14 patients. Partial resolution was attained in one patient and the other seven patients are currently on the medication and are showing good responses.Conclusion  We verified that IGRA has an excellent diagnostic performance in EIB, through this observational study. It is strongly suggested that if EIB is clinicopathologically suspected, IGRA should be performed.