bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Injection Process of Pickup Ion Acceleration at an Oblique Heliospheric Termination Shock
Authors: Matsukiyo Shuichi , Matsumoto Yosuke 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The injection process of pickup ion acceleration at a heliospheric termination shock is investigated. Using two-dimensional fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulation, accelerated pickup ions are self-consistently reproduced by tracking long time evolution of shocks with an unprecedentedly large system size in the shock normal direction. Reflected pickup ions drive upstream large-amplitude waves through resonant instabilities. Convection of the large-amplitude waves causes shock surface reformation and alters the downstream electromagnetic structure. A part of pickup ions are accelerated to tens of upstream flow energy in the timescale of ∼100 times inverse ion gyrofrequency. The initial acceleration occurs through the shock surfing acceleration (SSA) mechanism followed by the shock drift acceleration mechanism. Large electrostatic potential accompanied by the upstream waves enables the SSA to occur.
Enhanced Efficiency of Solar Wind Electron Interaction with Whistlers
Caused by Switchback-related Magnetic Dips
Authors: Vo Tien , Agapitov Oleksiy V. , Choi Kyung-Eun , Cattell Cynthia A. , Redepenning Jack , Colomban Lucas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Through test particle simulations based on solar wind observations by the Parker
Solar Probe (PSP) mission, we demonstrate that a magnetic gradient can
significantly enhance the efficiency of scattering and energization of the
strahl electrons by quasi-parallel whistlers, through the phase trapping effect
due to the gyrosurfing mechanism. We identify quasi-linear and nonlinear regimes
of these interactions for different combinations of wave amplitude
(B

w
/B
0)
and the strength of the magnetic field gradient with magnetic field depletion
level
(B

h
/B
0)
as a proxy. Nonlinear effects are observed for
B

w
/B
0
≳ 10−3 and
B

h
/B
0
≳ 0.1. We estimated the extending of the resonant energy range due to the
wave and the magnetic field gradient interplay and demonstrated that these
mechanisms result in the broadening of the strahl electron pitch-angle
distribution typically observed in situ. The combination of parallel whistlers
collocated with a magnetic gradient is frequently observed by PSP in magnetic
dips at the edges of magnetic switchbacks. Our results indicate that these
mechanisms may be highly relevant for pitch-angle scattering of the strahl
electrons and regulating the heat flux near the Sun at heliocentric distances of
30–45 R

S
. Specifically, core
and halo electrons may experience a 10% increase in their initial energy,
and the majority of strahl electrons may be scattered (by an average of 30°)
into the hot and trapped plasma inside magnetic dips.
Coconcevoir la transition inclusive : la création d’objets frontières comme médiums « en absence » dans les communautés émergentes
Authors: Oger Pauline , Catoir-Brisson Marie-Julie 
Published: July 2024

Cet article présente une analyse qualitative des pratiques d’une association œuvrant à la transition inclusive, qui a conçu un outil d’autodiagnostic collectif du niveau et des ambitions d’accessibilité et d’inclusivité des structures culturelles. L’analyse de ce médium en tant qu’objet frontière a permis de faire dialoguer ses modalités de conception et l’activité de médiation qu’il permet d’engager, vers le codesign d’une transition inclusive. L’article présente l’observation participante de sa conception, concomitante avec celle d’une communauté de pratique inclusive composée de publics, d’artistes et d’agents de structures culturelles, coconceptrice de l’outil. Menée selon les approches de la théorie ancrée revisitées par le design social, cette analyse qualitative nous amène à repenser les rôles des objets frontières et de la communauté : elle joue un rôle important dans la création de ces outils, qui la remodèlent à son tour. L’analyse nous permet de souligner comment de tels objets frontières en cours d’utilisation encapacitent la communauté et soutiennent la méthodologie de design de transition en permettant une représentation partagée, en aidant à envisager l’avenir, en mobilisant les communautés par l’action et en légitimant à la fois la transition vers l’inclusion et la méthodologie de design comme moyen d’y parvenir. Enfin, l’analyse questionne les besoins d’autonomie de la communauté : elle révèle qu’un tel outil ne peut fonctionner en absence de médiation humaine.
Vers un médium « problématisant » : le savoir d’expérience autistique comme praxis transformatrice en design
Authors: Ménard Manon 
Published: July 2024

Cet article propose d’étudier les enjeux de la conception de médium pour des ateliers participatifs en design et au cours de ceux-ci auprès de personnes marginalisées. À partir d’études de terrain issues d’une recherche doctorale en design durant laquelle nous avons travaillé avec des étudiant·es autistes, nous proposons d’abord d’interroger la nature des médiums selon les formes de participation qu’ils produisent. Ne pouvant s’extraire des relations de savoir-pouvoir préexistant dans le cadre d’ateliers, ces formes de participation questionnent également la façon dont les médiums influencent la réception et l’expression du « savoir d’expérience » des personnes autistes. En soulignant certains angles morts relatifs aux médiums utilisés et conçus lors d’ateliers préparatoires d’un hackathon , nous proposons par la suite de nous appuyer sur le développement d’un projet en design participatif afin d’expliciter comment, en encourageant l’expression d’une praxis transformatrice, les médiums deviennent des supports problématisant les cadres d’un projet en design, porteurs de potentielles pratiques émancipatrices.
Algorithmes entre objets et médiums : étude des traces d’un matériau numérique
Authors: Depaz Pierre , Gaudillière-Jami Nadja 
Published: July 2024

Cette contribution s’intéresse à la relation entre médium et objet à travers le prisme des algorithmes. Partant du constat de leur existence en tant qu’objets du design de la part des informaticiennes et programmeuses, avant de devenir médiums du design pour d’autres professions, nous présentons dans un premier temps les traces concrètes laissées par les algorithmes à différentes étapes du processus de conception, extraits de codes décrits sur des forums, représentés lors d’expositions, ou encore utilisés sous forme de bibliothèques. L’existence de ces traces nous permet alors de développer une compréhension de la conception d’algorithmes en tant qu’objets médiateurs. À travers une série d’exemples de logiciels où la limite entre moyen du design et produit du design s’estompe, nous mettons à jour une certaine matérialité de l’algorithme en tant qu’objet natif du numérique, avant de nous concentrer sur deux spécificités de la matière algorithmique qui facilitent son existence en tant que médium : récursion et relation. En conclusion, nous montrons que ces deux propriétés de récursion et de relation contribuent à faire disparaître la distinction entre objet et médium.
Vers une bonification de la réparation professionnelle et de l’autoréparation : l’expérience de deux personas propriétaires d’un réfrigérateur et d’un téléphone intelligent
Authors: Denoncourt Julie-Christine , Deshaies Jocelyn , Déméné Claudia , Raîche-Savoie Geneviève 
Published: July 2024

La réparation des appareils électroménagers et électroniques (AEE) a fait l’objet de nombreuses études démontrant ses bénéfices environnementaux et financiers (ADEME, 2020 ; Proctor, 2023). Dans ce contexte, des mesures législatives, comme l’indice de réparabilité en France, et des initiatives citoyennes (comme les sites Web pour l’autoréparation) ont vu le jour pour encourager cette pratique. Malgré le fait qu’il s’agit d’une stratégie incontournable de l’économie circulaire, la réparation demeure peu utilisée (ADEME et Harris Interactive, 2020 ; Côté et Denoncourt, 2022). Afin de bonifier l’expérience de réparation, l’objectif de cet article est de documenter le processus de réparation professionnelle et d’autoréparation vécu par les propriétaires d’AEE défectueux. Dans cette perspective, deux personas, respectivement propriétaires d’un réfrigérateur et d’un téléphone intelligent, ont été conçus avec les résultats d’un sondage canadien réalisé en 2021 pour cerner les freins et leviers à la réparation. Cette étude met en lumière l’importance de rendre la réparation aussi accessible et facile que l’achat. Alors que les résultats révèlent des obstacles aux quatre étapes du processus de réparation, la perception d’irréparabilité des appareils par leurs propriétaires conduit à l’achat d’un nouveau bien plutôt qu’au diagnostic de l’AEE brisé. Pour favoriser la réparation, des mesures à destination de l’industrie et des autorités politiques sont proposées, comme l’offre d’un service de réparation et d’autoréparation sur les lieux d’achat, le prêt d’un appareil pendant la réparation et l’adoption d’un droit à la réparation.
Effect of Gabapentin on Tendon-to-Bone Healing in a Rat Model of Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Chung Seok Won , Chung Seung Ho , Kim Dong-Hyun , Lee Hyun Joo , Park Eugene Jae Jin , Shim Bum-Jin , Kim Du Han , Yoon Jong Pil 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Gabapentin is often used as an analgesic after rotator cuff repair surgery and is recommended as an additional analgesic for arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs. However, evidence of its effects on biological healing mechanisms is lacking. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of gabapentin in improving tendon-to-bone healing after rotator cuff repair using a rat model.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 20 male rats were randomly allocated to one of two groups: group 1 (repair only, n=10) or group 2 (gabapentin injection, n=10). The rats in the experimental group (group 2) were administered 80 mg/kg of gabapentin subcutaneously 30 minutes before surgery, followed by 80 mg/kg subcutaneously every 24 hours for 48 hours. We used the left shoulder of every rat, while for biomechanical analysis, we used the right shoulder.

Results:
There was no significant difference in the load to failure, ultimate stress, or elongation between the groups. Collagen continuity, orientation, and density were better in group 2 than group 1.

Conclusion:

In a rat model of rotator cuff repair, gabapentin had a positive impact on the quality of collagen organization at the junction between the tendon and bone, while preserving the biomechanical properties. We propose the use of gabapentin as a supplementary analgesic agent for postoperative pain relief after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair; however, further studies of the effect of gabapentin on biological healing mechanisms are required. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(5):e241–e246.]
Effect of Insulin Dependence on Perioperative Risk in Patients With Diabetes Undergoing Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Razaeian Sam , Zhang Dafang 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Approximately 15% of patients who undergo total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) have diabetes mellitus, and this group is particularly at risk for perioperative complications. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of insulin dependence on the risk of 30-day perioperative adverse events after TSA in patients with diabetes mellitus using a large national database.

Materials and Methods:
We retrospectively identified patients with diabetes mellitus who underwent TSA in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database from 2011 to 2020. Patients were grouped as having insulin-dependent or non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The primary outcome was 30-day complication, and secondary outcome variables included 30-day readmission, reoperation, and death. Multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusted for baseline differences were performed. The cohort included 5888 patients with diabetes mellitus who underwent TSA, with 1705 patients in the insulin-dependent group and 4183 patients in the non–insulin-dependent group.

Results:
The 30-day postoperative complication rate was higher in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (8.7%) than in patients with non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (5.6%). The 30-day hospital readmission rate was higher in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (4.8%) than in patients with non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (3.3%). These significant differences in complication and readmission rates persisted in the multivariable logistic regression analyses after adjusting for baseline differences between the two groups. Reoperation and death were not associated with insulin dependence.

Conclusion:

Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus have higher odds of episode-of-care complication and readmission compared with patients with non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, even after adjusting for between-group baseline differences. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(5):295–300.]
Central Venous Catheter Complications in the Poisoning Emergency Center: A 5-Year Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bavandipour Amirmohammad , Safaee Masumeh , Tarrahi Mohammad Javad , Eizadi-Mood Nastaran 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Central venous catheters (CVCs) are used widely in emergency centers, which may be associated with complications. There is a paucity of literature focusing on CVC complications, specifically in the poisoning emergency centers. In this study, we determined the frequency of CVC complications in patients with acute poisoning.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study performed in the poisoning referral center. We reviewed the medical records of patients with acute poisoning who underwent CVC at the time of admission/during hospitalization in the poisoning intensive care unit or poisoning ward and were hospitalized between 2014 and 2019.

Results:
During the study period, 33, l37 patients with acute poisoning had been admitted and CVC was placed for 400 patients (1.20% of total patients). Most of the CVCs had been placed via femoral (51%) (204 cases). The frequency of CVC complications was 13.75%. The CVC in the internal jugular (IJ) vein was associated with a higher complication (20.7%) (P value 0.02). Infection (9.2%) and pneumothorax (9.2%) were more observed with the IJ approach, while arterial puncture was more observed with subclavian (3.7%) (P value < 0.0001).

Conclusions:
The frequency of CVC placement in acute poisoning patients was not noticeable. Although the femoral vein was the most commonly used approach in our institution, overall complications were more observed with the IJ vein approach.
Tracking Antibiotic Resistance Trends in Central Iran Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic From 2021 to 2023: A Comprehensive Epidemiological Study
Authors: Abniki Reza , Tashakor Amirhossein , Masoudi Melika , Pourdad Arezoo , Mansury Davood 
Published: July 2024

Background:The emergence of coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) appears to be having an impact on antibiotic resistance patterns. Specific circumstances during the COVID-19 era may have played a role in the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study aimed to look at the changes in AMR patterns ofPseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae, andAcinetobacter baumanniiat Al-Zahra Hospital.Materials and Methods:From March 2021 to January 2023, 3651 clinical samples were collected from patients hospitalized at Isfahan’s Al-Zahra Hospital. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute recommended procedures for detecting gram-negative bacteria and assessing antibiotic susceptibility were used. We divided the information into three years.Results:Highest resistance rates were seen inA. baumanniito Ciprofloxacin (98.0%) and Ampicillin-Sulbactam (97.0%). ForP. aeruginosathe resistance rate for Ceftazidime (36.1), Levofloxacin (37.8), and Meropenem (47.1) dropped seriously in 2022.Conclusion:During the second year of the pandemic in central Iran, all three species studied showed rising rates of AMR. This can be attributable to two peaks within Iran on May 6, 2021 and August 27, 2021. The results of this study show thatP. aeruginosa,K. pneumoniae, andA. baumanniibacteria in central Iran have a higher level of antibiotic resistance than previously studied strains before the pandemic.
Does Gabapentin Have A Role in the Improvement of Feeding Resistance in Infants?
Authors: Saneian Hossein , Nasri Peiman , Heydari Ahmad , Sabzghabaee Ali Mohammad , Yazdi Maryam , Khademian Majid , Famouri Fatemeh 
Published: July 2024

Background:Eating disorders in some infants can be due to the inability to reach a level of relaxation necessary to start the feeding process. Gabapentin (GB) has been proposed as a stabilizer of nerve function in improving this disorder. This study aimed to investigate the effect of GB on improving feeding resistance in infants aged 3–6 months.Materials and Methods:This randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial was done on 64 infants aged 3-6 months with feeding resistance who were referred to the pediatric clinics and assigned to two groups of 32. The case group was given a dose of 5 mg/kg of GB in the first week, and if not too much sedation, it was increased to 10 mg/kg in the second week every 8 hours, whereas the control group received a placebo. The number of effective breastfeeding and the volume of formula in cc before and after 2 weeks of drug usage were recorded in both groups.Results:The number of breastfeeding sessions significantly had a higher increase in the GB group compared with placebo (median [IQR]: 1 [0,1] vs. 0 [0,1],P= 0.005) as well as an increase in consumed formula volume (mean ± SD: 42.81 ± 24.49 vs. 18.67 ± 14.57,P= 0.003).Conclusion:Considering the significant increase in formula consumption and the number of breastfeeding sessions in the GB group, it is possible to use this drug as a nerve-stabilizer and pain reducer to treat this disorder.
Nystatin Encapsulated Nanoliposomes: Potential Anti-infective against Candida Spp. Isolated from Candidiasis Patients
Authors: Asadi Mehrdad , Toofani-Milani Attabak , Bahman Soufiani Katayoun 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Due to the pathogenic role of opportunistic fungi in immunodeficiency patients, many efforts have been made for developing effective treatment strategies to augment current practice standards. Nystatin, as one of the treatment candidates, is characterized by antifungal effects. In this study, we tried to use liposomal formulation as a nystatin carrier to increase its antifungal efficacy.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 87 positive culture samples of yeast agents were applied to the study. Yeast species were identified by culturing on CHROMagar medium (HiMEDIA), culturing on NigerSide agar medium, and Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Characterization of nanoparticles was examined by the size, zeta potential (ZP), scanning electron microscope (SEM), drug loading, and drug release rate. The standard method of broth microdilution according to CLSI M27-A and the quality control standard of Candida
parapsilosis ATCC 22019 were used to evaluate the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of nystatin and nystatin nanoliposomes.

Results:
The particle size for liposomes containing nystatin was 100.8 ± 17.3 nm. Moreover, the ZP for liposomal formulation of nystatin was 21.14 ± 0.92 –mV. The formulation of nystatin in nanoparticles markedly increased the susceptibility of Candida species to nystatin at lower doses, which was statistically significant compared to free nystatin (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion:
Our results showed that liposomal formulation improves the efficiency of nystatin against albicans species. This formulation can be used to develop new antifungal agents to improve the delivery and absorption of hydrophobic drugs.
Posterior corneal surface stability after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis in patients with myopia and myopic astigmatism
Authors: Low Adeline , Kadir Azida Juana , Chow Zi Yun , Khang Tsung Fei , Singh Sujaya 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
To evaluate the variation and stability of the posterior cornea surface parameters (posterior cornea curvature [PCC], posterior cornea astigmatism [PCA], and posterior cornea elevation [PCE]) after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in patients with myopia and myopic astigmatism over a period of 6 months or longer.

Methods:
This retrospective study comprised 284 right eyes. Patients aged 18 years or older with myopia up to -12.00 D and/or astigmatism up to -6.00 DC and who underwent femtosecond LASIK were recruited. Patients were divided into three subgroups: low myopia (-0.50 to -3.00 D), moderate myopia (>-3.00 to ≤-6.00 D), and high myopia (>-6.00 D), according to their pre-LASIK spherical equivalent (SE). The variables included for analysis were PCC (central 0–3.0 mm, pericentral 3.0–6.0 mm, and peripheral region 6.0–9.0 mm), PCE, PCA, internal anterior chamber depth, intraocular pressure, and central cornea thickness at the pre- and post-LASIK stages.

Results:
The central PCC remained unchanged across all three myopia subgroups at 1 month when compared to the pre-LASIK stage and remained stable at 6 months. The pericentral regions became flatter across all myopia subgroups at 1 month postsurgery (P < 0.001) and remained unchanged at 6 months. This trend was not seen in the peripheral cornea regions, which remained unchanged at 1 and 6 months post-LASIK when compared to pre-LASIK mean readings. There were minimal changes in post-LASIK posterior cornea astigmatism throughout follow-up. There was no incidence of post-LASIK surgery ectasia in this study population.

Conclusion:
Post-LASIK, the different cornea subregions behaved differently. Overall, the posterior cornea surface remained stable post-LASIK across all myopia subgroups throughout follow-up.