bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence Of Marination On Salmonella Spp. Growth In Broiler Breast Fillets
Authors: Tatjana Baltić , Milan Baltić Ž. , Dušan Mišić , Jelena Ivanović , Jelena Janjić , Marija Bošković , Marija Dokmanović 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of marination, on the growth of Salmonella spp. in contaminated broiler breast fillets during storage. In the conducted study, broiler breast fillets were inoculated with a cocktail of different Salmonella strains and afterwards marinated in different solutions of table salt, sodium tripolyphosphate and/or sodium citrate. The total count of Salmonella spp. was examined on the 0, 3rd, 6th and 9th day of storage. Broiler breast fillets salted in 6% solution of table salt were used as the control. Proximate composition and salt content, pH value and aw value, were determined as the meat quality parameters and parameters which can affect environmental conditions for bacterial growth, as well. Compared to initial contamination, Salmonella spp. count in marinated and salted fillets did not change significantly (p<0.001) until the 3rd and 6th day of storage, respectively, but it increased significantly on the 9th day of storage. Marination of broiler breast fillets in different solutions of table salt, sodium tripolyphosphate and/or sodium citrate had a significant influence(p<0.05; p<0.01) on pH and aw value, moisture, ash and salt content in marinated broiler meat, but there was no significant influence (p>0.05) on protein and fat content in broiler meat. According to the results obtained it can be concluded that marination of broiler breast fillets in solutions containing table salt, sodium trpolyphosphate and/or citrate, in some way, can prolongate the lag phase of Salmonella spp. growth, where sodium citrate is more effective than sodium tripolyphosphate.
Immediate And Retention Effects Of Teaching Games For Understanding Approach On Basketball Knowledge
Authors: Olosová Gabriela , Zapletalová Ludmila 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) links tactics and skills by emphasizing the appropriate timing and application within the tactical context of the game. It has been linked to the development of enhanced tactical knowledge. The purpose of the study was to determine immediate and delayed effects of TGfU on procedural and declarative knowledge of basketball and to compare it with a technical approach. Experimental group (EG) (11 fifth graders + 18 sixth graders) was taught by TGfU and a control group (CG) (16 fifth graders + 24 sixth graders) was taught by a technical approach for 8 weeks in Physical Education (PE) classes, both. A written test was constructed to evaluate pupils’ declarative and procedural knowledge of basketball. The test was applied after the intervention to determine immediate effects and 8 months after the intervention to determine retention effects of the experimental programme. Shapiro-Wilk test, Wilcoxon T-test, Man-Whitney U-test were used for statistical analysis of obtained data. Cohen’s d was used to calculate effect size. Generally basketball knowledge was better in EG than in CG after the intervention (p<0.05) what confirms moderate effect size. When declarative and procedural knowledge were analysed separately there was no significant difference between EG and CG. Nevertheless, moderate effect sizes indicate that the data are particularly meaningful in terms of school practice. Retention effects of both approaches were similar. Total knowledge and declarative knowledge were worse after 8 months than immediately after the intervention in both groups (p<0.01). In both groups, there was no significant difference in procedural knowledge between the test written immediately after the intervention and 8 months later. Differences of changes were not significant between the groups.
Physical Characteristics Of Female Basketball Players According To Playing Position
Authors: Kucsa Richard , Mačura Peter 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Physical characteristics play an important role in the selection of young basketball players and the progress in their playing performance. The aim of the study was to analyze differences in chosen physical characteristics of Slovak U17 female basketball players with respect to their playing positions. We assumed, that there will be statistically significant differences between playing positions in each performance tests results. Chosen characteristics were analyzed for 14 players (mean/SD, age 16.34±0.82; body height 179.72±8.04 cm; body weight 67.62±7.10 kg; body fat 16.59±2.04 %; VO2max 46.20±4.71 ml.kg−1.min−1) according to their playing positions (guard, forward, center). Five specific performance tests for each player were conducted as a 3/4 Basketball court sprint, 10 × 5m Shuttle test, Lane agility drill, No-step vertical jump and Maximum vertical jump. The differences in tests results by playing positions were evaluated by one-way ANOVA. There were no significant differences found in results of chosen performance tests between playing positions (p>.05). In spite of fact, that there were no significant differences, we found interesting results between playing positions in physical characteristics. Guards had better results in speed (3.73±0.16 s), quickness (17.43±0.56 s) and both lower-body power tests (47.16±3.06 cm; 57.00±3.40 cm) than forwards and centers. Forwards had the best results in agility test (12.54±0.43 s). The results of this study produce useful information about physical characteristics of young basketball players according to their playing position and help to diagnose and improve their performance.
Gamma Graphs Of Some Special Classes Of Trees
Authors: Bień Anna 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
A set S ⊂ V is a dominating set of a graph G = (V, E) if every vertex υ ∈ V which does not belong to S has a neighbour in S. The domination number γ(G) of the graph G is the minimum cardinality of a dominating set in G. A dominating set S is a γ-set in G if |S| = γ(G).
Some graphs have exponentially many γ-sets, hence it is worth to ask a question if a γ-set can be obtained by some transformations from another γ-set. The study of gamma graphs is an answer to this reconfiguration problem. We give a partial answer to the question which graphs are gamma graphs of trees. In the second section gamma graphs γ.T of trees with diameter not greater than five will be presented. It will be shown that hypercubes Qk
are among γ.T graphs. In the third section γ.T graphs of certain trees with three pendant vertices will be analysed. Additionally, some observations on the diameter of gamma graphs will be presented, in response to an open question, published by Fricke et al., if diam(T (γ)) = O(n)?
Mixed Type Of Additive And Quintic Functional Equations
Authors: Bodaghi Abasalt , Narasimman Pasupathi , Ravi Krishnan , Shojaee Behrouz 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the general solution and Hyers–Ulam–Rassias stability of a new mixed type of additive and quintic functional equation of the form

f

(

3
x
+
y

)

−
5
f

(

2
x
+
y

)

+
f

(

2
x
−
y

)

+
10
f

(

x
+
y

)

−
5
f

(

x
−
y

)

=
10
f

(
y
)

+
4
f

(

2
x

)

−
8
f

(
x
)

$$f\left( {3x + y} \right) - 5f\left( {2x + y} \right) + f\left( {2x - y} \right) + 10f\left( {x + y} \right) - 5f\left( {x - y} \right) = 10f\left( y \right) + 4f\left( {2x} \right) - 8f\left( x \right)$$

in the set of real numbers.
Conditions for the use of infrared camera diagnostics in energy auditing of the objects exposed to open air space at isothermal sky
Authors: Kruczek Tadeusz 
Published: October 2015

AbstractConvective and radiation heat transfer take place between various objects placed in open air space and their surroundings. These phenomena bring about heat losses from pipelines, building walls, roofs and other objects. One of the main tasks in energy auditing is the reduction of excessive heat losses. In the case of a low sky temperature, the radiation heat exchange is very intensive and the temperature of the top part of the horizontal pipelines or walls is lower than the temperature of their bottom parts. Quite often this temperature is also lower than the temperature of the surrounding atmospheric air. In the case of overhead heat pipelines placed in open air space, it is the ground and sky that constitute the surroundings. The aforementioned elements of surroundings usually have different values of temperature. Thus, these circumstances bring about difficulties during infrared inspections because only one ambient temperature which represents radiation of all surrounding elements must be known during the thermovision measurements. This work is aimed at the development of a method for determination of an equivalent ambient temperature representing the thermal radiation of the surrounding elements of the object under consideration placed in open air space, which could be applied at a fairly uniform temperature of the sky during the thermovision measurements as well as for the calculation of radiative heat losses.
Energy and economic analysis of the carbon dioxide capture installation with the use of monoethanolamine and ammonia
Authors: Bochon Krzysztof , Chmielniak Tadeusz 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn the study an accurate energy and economic analysis of the carbon capture installation was carried out. Chemical absorption with the use of monoethanolamine (MEA) and ammonia was adopted as the technology of carbon dioxide (CO2) capture from flue gases. The energy analysis was performed using a commercial software package to analyze the chemical processes. In the case of MEA, the demand for regeneration heat was about 3.5 MJ/kg of CO2, whereas for ammonia it totalled 2 MJ/kg CO2. The economic analysis was based on the net present value (NPV) method. The limit price for CO2emissions allowances at which the investment project becomes profitable (NPV = 0) was more than 160 PLN/Mg for MEA and less than 150 PLN/Mg for ammonia. A sensitivity analysis was also carried out to determine the limit price of CO2emissions allowances depending on electricity generation costs at different values of investment expenditures.
Liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of ten tetracycline residues in muscle samples
Authors: Gajda Anna , Posyniak Andrzej 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
A liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of oxytetracycline (OTC), 4-epi oxytetracycline (4-epi OTC), tetracycline (TC), 4-epi tetracycline (4-epi TC), chlortetracycline (CTC), 4-epi chlortetracycline (4-epi CTC), doxycycline (DC), minocycline (MINO), methacycline (META) and rolitetracycline (ROLI) residues in muscles was developed. The procedure consisted of an oxalic acid extraction followed by protein removal with trichloroacetic acid. Further solid phase clean-up on polymeric (Strata X) reversed phase columns was performed to obtain an extract suitable for LC-MS/MS analysis. The tetracyclines were separated on a C 18 analytical column with mobile phase consisting of 0.01% formic acid in acetonitrile and 0.01% formic acid in water in gradient mode. The method was validated according to the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The recoveries of all target compounds were 91.8% – 103.6%. The decision limits were from 109.0 to 119.8 μg/kg and detection capability varied within the range of 122.2 to 137.6 μg/kg, depending on the analyte.
ELISA validation and determination of cut-off level for chloramphenicol residues in honey
Authors: Biernacki Bogumił 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
An analytical validation of a screening ELISA for detection of chloramphenicol (CAP) in honey was conducted according to the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC and Guidelines for the Validation of Screening Methods for Residues of Veterinary Medicines. The analyte was extracted from honey with a water and ethyl acetate mixture, and CAP concentrations were measured photometrically at 450 nm. The recovery rate of the analyte from spiked samples was 79%. The cut-off level of CAP in honey as the minimum recovery (0.17 units) was established. Detection capability (CCβ) was fixed at 0.25 μg kg−1. No relevant interferences between matrix effects and structurally related substances including florfenicol and thiamphenicol were observed. The ELISA method should be useful for determination of CAP residues in honey monitoring.
Indirect relationship between lipophilicity and maximum residue limit of drugs determined for fatty tissue
Authors: Marczak Monika , Okoniewska Krystyna Marta , Okoniewski Jakub , Grabowski Tomasz , Jaroszewski Jerzy Jan 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between lipophilicity and maximum residue limit (MRL) value specified for veterinary drugs in the fatty tissue of various animal species. The analysis was performed on a group of 73 compounds with different modes of action and MRL values determined for the fatty tissue of animals. Additionally, the logarithm of water/organic phase partition ratio (LogP) and the ratio of ionised and unionised substance in buffer with pH 7.4 (LogD7.4) were calculated. The main analysis was performed after the division of the whole group into six fractions. The linear correlation and regression analysis were used to determine the indirect relationship between the mean arithmetic value of LogP or LogD7.4 in selected fractions and related LogMRL of the drugs tested. The calculations revealed a linear correlation between fractioned lipophilicity and LogMRL values for the analysed compounds. The existence of indirect relationship between lipophilicity and MRL values determined for fatty tissue was confirmed.
Total antioxidative capacity and zinc concentration in dogs suffering from perianal tumours
Authors: Brodzki Adam , Brodzki Piotr , Tatara Marcin R. , Kostro Krzysztof 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine total antioxidative capacity (TAC) and zinc concentration in serum of dogs suffering from perianal tumours just before the start of the antihormonal treatment (AHT) and one and six months later. The study was performed on 45 dogs divided into two groups: control group suffering from non-malignant tumours (N = 24) and a group with malignant neoplastic changes (N = 21). Serum TAC and zinc concentrations were measured using photometric and atomic absorption spectrophotometric methods. Six months after the start of the AHT, TAC was significantly lower by 10.6% in dogs with malignant tumours when compared to controls (P = 0.03). In the non-malignant group, serum zinc concentration was higher before the treatment than in the malignant group, while the opposite results were observed six months later (P < 0.001). In the non-malignant group, gradually decreasing values of serum zinc concentration at each stage of the investigation were observed, while the opposite results were obtained in the malignant group (P < 0.05). The obtained results indicate that malignant neoplastic process is associated with significantly reduced TAC. Determination of serum zinc concentration in dogs with non-malignant and malignant perianal tumours may have practical diagnostic and prognostic values and may serve towards increasing the effectiveness of AHT monitoring.
Review of animal models used to study effects of bee products on wound healing: findings and applications
Authors: Hananeh Wael M. , Ismail Zuhair Bani , Alshehabat Musa A. , Ali Ja’afar 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Non-healing wounds are associated with high morbidity and might greatly impact a patient’s well-being and economic status. For many years, scientific research has focused on developing and testing several natural and synthetic materials that enhance the rate of wound healing or eliminate healing complications. Honey has been used for thousands of years as a traditional remedy for many ailments. Recently, honey has reemerged as a promising wound care product especially for infected wounds and for wounds in diabetic patients. In addition to its proposed potent broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, honey has been claimed to promote wound healing by reducing wound hyperaemia, oedema, and exudate, and by stimulating angiogenesis, granulation tissue formation and epithelialisation. Several animal models, including large animals, dogs and cats, and different species of laboratory animals have been used to investigate the efficacy and safety of various natural and synthetic agents for wound healing enhancement. Interpreting the results obtained by these studies is, however, rather difficult and usually hampered by many limiting factors including great variation in types and origins of honey, the type of animal species used as models, the type of wounds, the number of animals, the number and type of controls, and variation in treatment protocols. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the most recent findings and applications of published experimental and clinical trials using honey as an agent for wound healing enhancement in different animal models.
The habitat factor in ELF(A) – English as a Lingua Franca (in Academic settings) – and English for Plurilingual Academic Purposes
Authors: Schaller-Schwaner Iris 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis article considers a case of local language socialization and accommodation in a multilingual community of practice: the use of English as an additional academic language for specific purposes at a bilingual Swiss university and its implications for teaching. The acronym ELF(A) is used throughout as short for English as a Lingua Franca (in Academic settings). The bilingual university’s multilingual habitat also shapes the kind of ELF(A) used and this has in turn informed the teaching of English for Plurilingual Academic Purposes (EPAP). The discussion draws on both ethnographic research carried out in multilingual disciplinary speech events and on the author’s simultaneous and continuing experience of developing and teaching English for academic purposes (EAP). It focuses on an oral presentation to a life science journal club made by a multilingual doctoral student socialized into the use of English almost exclusively in the ELF(A) habitat. Using the plurilingual repertoire to sustain “code-sharing” lingua franca mode, one of the habitat’s most striking effects is the effort users are willing to expend in striving for autonomous functionality in their Englishes without overt switching, while simultaneously relying on their audience’s multilingual flexibility and shared disciplinary knowledge, e.g. in the pronunciation of technical terminology. The habitat of a multilingual community of practice that assumes responsibility for its novices’ language socialization in an additional medium is thus a supportive factor empowering junior scientists to function in English. To the extent that the habitat factor contains a limiting dimension of context dependence, however, teaching EPAP should also target speakers’ (potential) needs for spoken academic language use elsewhere.
Enhanced awareness and its translation into action: A case study of one learner’s self-directed language learning experience
Authors: Watkins Satoko 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe fostering of learner autonomy has become an essential element of modern pedagogy and an established object of research. There are many difficulties in providing evidence of learners’ development towards autonomy, however, since it is not measurable in a traditional sense. As a learning advisor (LA) at a private language university in Japan, I have worked closely with individual language learners who take our module designed to foster learner autonomy via the practice of self-directed language learning (SDLL). This article uses a case study of one particular learner’s SDLL experience to introduce an approach to documenting the development of learner autonomy that draws on document analysis and narrative inquiry. I first introduce a SDLL assessment rubric that allowed me to classify and analyze three kinds of data: narrative accounts of the learner’s seven-week learning journal, recordings of three advising sessions with an LA, and the learner’s final report. With reference to her achievement of the learning outcomes in the assessment rubric, I then portray the learner’s development of awareness and her response to her enhanced awareness in her particular learning context.
On The Effect Of Image Brightness And Contrast Nonuniformity On Statistical Texture Parameters
Authors: Materka Andrzej , Strzelecki Michał 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Computerized texture analysis characterizes spatial patterns of image intensity, which originate in the structure of tissues. However, a number of texture descriptors also depend on local average image intensity and/or contrast. This variations, known as image nonuniformity (inhomogeneity) artefacts often occur, e.g. in MRI. Their presence may lead to errors in tissue description. This unwanted effect is explained in this paper using statistical texture descriptors applied for MRI slices of a normal and fibrotic liver. To reduce the errors, correction of image spatial nonuniformity prior to texture analysis is performed. The issue of sensitivity of popular texture parameters to image nonuniformities is discussed. It is illustrated by classification examples of natural Brodatz textures, digitally modified to account for inhomogeneities – modeled as smooth variations of image intensity and contrast. A set of texture features is identified which represent certain immunity to image inhomogeneities.
Role Of Vitamin D And Adipose Tissue Hormones In Women With Reproductive Disorders
Authors: Nyagolova Presiyana V. , Mitkov Mitko D. , Orbetsova Maria M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe role of vitamin D beyond that it plays in bone metabolism and calcium homeostasis has been lately quite emphasized. In this respect, vitamin D deficiency has been associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and reproductive disorders. Growing evidence has suggested that vitamin D deficiency is implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and the development of metabolic disorders in the polycystic ovary syndrome. The goal of the review is to present contemporary concepts of the relationship between hormones affecting the metabolic body status, serum vitamin D levels and the reproductive function.
Autism Spectrum Disorder - A Complex Genetic Disorder
Authors: Ivanov Hristo Y. , Stoyanova Vili K. , Popov Nikolay T. , Vachev Tihomir I. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder is an entity that reflects a scientific consensus that several previously separated disorders are actually a single spectrum disorder with different levels of symptom severity in two core domains - deficits in social communication and interaction, and restricted repetitive behaviors. Autism spectrum disorder is diagnosed in all racial, ethnic and socioeconomic groups and because of its increased prevalence, reported worldwide through the last years, made it one of the most discussed child psychiatric disorders. In term of aetiology as several other complex diseases, Autism spectrum disorder is considered to have a strong genetic component.