bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac fat‐containing lesions are common in tuberous sclerosis complex
Authors: Shaaya Elias A. , Hirshberg Jacqueline S. , Rabe Olivia T. , Thibert Ronald L. , Inglessis Ignacio , Sharma Amita , Thiele Elizabeth A. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTTuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a highly variable, multisystem, genetic disorder that affects approximately 1:6,000 individuals. It has previously been thought that the cardiac manifestation of TSC is congenital rhabdomyomas, which occur during infancy and typically regress during childhood. Recently, there have been findings of cardiac fat‐containing lesions in adult TSC patients that appear distinct from the presence of cardiac rhabdomyomas. We review the chest CT scans of 73 individuals with TSC to check for cardiac fat‐containing lesions. Fat‐containing lesions were found in the heart of approximately one‐third of adolescents and adults with TSC. In this population with cardiac fat‐containing lesions, no statistically significant difference was observed between the genders and between the different mutation types. Compared to those without cardiac fat findings, those with cardiac fat were more than twice as likely to have another abdominal manifestation of TSC. The results indicate that it may be appropriate to consider these cardiac fat foci as a clinical criterion for the diagnosis of TSC, given their frequency in our population. Our findings also suggest that a relation exists between the cardiac fat‐containing lesions and other abdominal angiomyolipomas. More research regarding these cardiac fat‐containing lesions is needed to better characterize their origin and clinical significance. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of bismuth sulfide nanostructures by using bismuth(III) monosalicylate precursor and fabrication of bismuth sulfide based p–n junction solar cells
Authors: Salavati‐Niasari Masoud , Behfard Zeynab , Amiri Omid 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTBi2S3 hierarchical columniform structures assembled by nanothorns have been first synthesized by a hydrothermal method through the reaction between bismuth(III) monosalicylate [BiO(C7H5O3)] as the precursor and sodium thiosulfate in H2O at 180 °C without any surfactants. These new Bi2S3 structures were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectra, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and energy‐dispersive x‐ray microanalysis. The influences of the synthetic parameters were discussed, and a possible growth mechanism for the formation of these complex structures was proposed. © 2013 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Amplitude Change Detection with ENVISAT ASAR to Image the Cultural Landscape of the Nasca Region, Peru
Authors: Cigna Francesca , Tapete Deodato , Lasaponara Rosa , Masini Nicola 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTSynthetic aperture radar (SAR) amplitude information from ENVISAT C‐band advanced SAR (ASAR) data was used to analyse the cultural landscape of the Nasca region, southern Peru. A multispatial environmental analysis was performed over the whole drainage basin of the Rio Grande, by extracting the radar backscattering coefficient (σ0) of both natural and anthropogenic features between 2003 and 2005. Co‐registration of the ASAR scenes to a single master resulted in precisions of less than 0.1 pixels along both the range and azimuth directions. Four different products were generated based on the co‐registered ASAR stack: (i) temporally averaged radar signatures of the targets between 2003 and 2005; (ii) time series of spatially averaged radar signatures within selected areas of interest; (iii) amplitude change detection products based on (iii) image ratios and (iv) RGB colour composites between different scenes. Comparisons of annual and seasonal records through amplitude change detection maps highlighted σ0 changes over the floodplains of the Rio Ingenio and Rio Nazca, which correlate well with evidence from Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data acquired in 2003, 2004 and 2007. Inferences about land use and soil conditions were retrieved from the σ0 change patterns, thereby proving the capability of this approach to support landscape evolution studies, even with SAR imagery of medium resolution (~30 m). Our results also demonstrated actual potential for monitoring mass movements and land surface processes, to assess the susceptibility of archaeological heritage and cultural landscape to natural hazards. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Double Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes with Purine and Pyrimidine Derivatives
Authors: Singh Prabhpreet , Ménard‐Moyon Cécilia , Battigelli Alessia , Toma Francesca Maria , Raya Jesus , Kumar Jitendra , Nidamanuri Nagapradeep , Verma Sandeep , Bianco Alberto 
Published: May 2013

AbstractHerein, we have developed a synthetic strategy for the covalent double functionalization of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with a combination of purine–pyrimidine and purine–purine nucleobase systems. The nucleobases were introduced on the sidewall of oxidized SWCNTs through 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition and by amidation of the carboxylic acids located at the tips and defect sites of the nanotubes. The new nanohybrids were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, magic‐angle spinning NMR spectroscopy, and Kaiser test. The nucleobase/SWCNT conjugates can be envisaged for the modulation of the interactions with nucleic acids by means of base pairing, thereby opening new possibilities in the development of DNA/CNT nanobioconjugates.
Regional Stability and Stabilization of Time‐Delay Systems with Actuator Saturation and Delay
Authors: Fu Yan‐Ming , Zhou Bin , Duan Guang‐Ren 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper is concerned with regional stability analysis and regional stabilization of time‐delay systems subject to both actuator saturation and delay. By using a novel Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional, the corresponding conditions for regional stability and stabilization are derived. The free parameters in the solutions are optimized to maximize the domain of attraction of the closed‐loop system. It is shown that, even in the absence of actuator delay, the obtained result is less conservative than the existing results. Two numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Determinants of fluoroscopy time for invasive coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention: Insights from the NCDR®
Authors: Fazel Reza , Curtis Jeptha , Wang Yongfei , Einstein Andrew J. , Smith‐Bindman Rebecca , Tsai Thomas T. , Chen Jersey , Shah Nilay D. , Krumholz Harlan M. , Nallamothu Brahmajee K. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTObjectivesIdentifying the distributions and determinants of fluoroscopy time for invasive coronary angiography (ICA) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).BackgroundICA and PCI are significant contributors to radiation exposure from medical imaging in the US. Fluoroscopy time is a potentially modifiable determinant of radiation exposure for these procedures, but has not been well characterized in contemporary practice.MethodsWe evaluated the distribution of fluoroscopy time in patients undergoing ICA and/or PCI in the CathPCI Registry®, stratifying patients by numerous clinical scenarios. Hierarchical models were used to determine patient, procedure, operator and hospital‐level factors associated with fluoroscopy time for these procedures.ResultsOur study included a total of 3,295,348 ICA and PCI procedures performed by 9,600 operators from January 2005 through June 2009. There was wide variation in fluoroscopy times for these procedures with median [IQR] fluoroscopy times of 2.6 [1.7–4.5] minutes for ICA, 6.7 [4.2–10.8] minutes for ICA in patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), 10.1 [6.0–17.4] minutes for PCI, 10.7 [7.0–16.9] minutes for PCI with ICA, and 16.0 [10.6–24.0] minutes for PCI and ICA in patients with prior CABG. Prolonged fluoroscopy times (>30 minutes) were rare for ICA, but occurred in 6.7% of PCIs and 14.7% of PCIs in patients with prior CABG. After accounting for patient characteristics and procedure complexity, operator and hospital‐level factors explained nearly 20% of the variation in fluoroscopy time.ConclusionsFluoroscopy times vary widely during ICA and PCI with operator and hospital‐level factors contributing substantially to these differences. A better understanding of potentially modifiable sources of this variation will elucidate opportunities for enhancing the radiation safety of these procedures. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Randomized trial of surgical cutdown versus percutaneous access in transfemoral TAVR
Authors: Holper Elizabeth M. , Kim Rebeca J. , Mack Michael , Brown David , Brinkman William , Herbert Morley , Stewart Wells , Vance Kaitlyn , Bowers Bruce , Dewey Todd 
Published: May 2013

ObjectivesTo compare iliofemoral arterial complications with transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TF‐TAVR) utilizing surgical cutdown versus percutaneous access with closure devices in a randomized trial.BackgroundMajor vascular complications following TAVR are a significant risk of the procedure. There are no randomized data comparing whether access method in TF‐TAVR influences the risk of such complications.MethodsFrom June to December 2011, 30 consecutive patients undergoing TF‐TAVR were randomized to either surgical cutdown (C) or percutaneous (P) access. Subjects underwent preoperative CT scans, pre‐ and post‐operative bilateral femoral arterial ultrasound and angiography. The primary endpoint was the composite of major and minor vascular complications at 30 days, as defined by the Valve Academic Research Consortium‐2. Multivariate predictors of vascular complications were identified.ResultsOf the 30 subjects enrolled, 27 were treated with the randomized method of access as randomized. Iliofemoral complications were observed in eight patients (26.7%; C = 4, P = 4), all of which were dissections and/or stenoses that required percutaneous and/or surgical intervention. There were two (13.3%) major and two (13.3%) minor complications in each group. Two covariates that were significantly associated with vascular complications included female sex and baseline femoral arterial velocity on ultrasound.ConclusionsWhile surgical cutdown in TF‐TAVR is the recommended access for new centers initiating a TAVR program, this small randomized pilot study suggests the lesser invasive percutaneous method in an experienced center is equivalent in safety to the surgical method. Doppler ultrasound may be useful in predicting complications prior to the procedure. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Morphology of the patent ductus arteriosus does not preclude successful patent ductus arteriosus stent implantation in high‐risk patients undergoing hybrid stage I palliation: Recommendations to optimize ductal stent positioning
Authors: Recto Michael R. , Doyle Sandy , Guerra Vitor C. , Gui Yang Song , Yeh Thomas 
Published: May 2013

ObjectiveTo describe patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) stenting regardless of ductal morphology in high risk patients with hypoplast physiology undergoing hybrid stage I palliation (PDA stenting and placement of bilateral pulmonary artery bands).BackgroundHybrid palliation is an accepted alternative for patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Patients weighing less than 2.5 kg, history of prematurity, intracranial hemorrhage, and chromosomal abnormality belong to a high‐risk group who otherwise might not be ideal candidates for traditional surgical repair (Norwood Operation).MethodsBetween May 2005 and February 2013, a series of 13 high‐risk patients with hypoplast physiology with varying types of ductal morphology underwent PDA stenting as part of hybrid stage I palliation.ResultsThree major types of ductal morphology were identified: (1) short and semi horizontal, (2) long and semi horizontal, and (3) tortuous. All patients underwent successful PDA stenting. One patient developed proximal coarctation from inadequate coverage of the pulmonary end of the PDA and was successfully treated with a balloon expandable stent 69 days after the initial procedure.ConclusionsMid‐ to long‐term follow‐up indicates that PDA stents remain widely patent regardless of ductal morphology until comprehensive stage II repair. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Photodegradation by a Heterogeneous Mixture of Micro‐Sized Anatase and Truncated Rhomboid Anatase Hollow Spheres
Authors: Yang Min‐Han , Tsai Min‐Chiao , Chang Yuan‐Wei , Chang Ya‐Chen , Chiu Hsin‐Tien , Lee Chi‐Young 
Published: May 2013

AbstractHighly uniform hollow spheres were assembled from truncated rhomboid anatase TiO2 nanoparticles (HS), which were synthesized from the hydrothermal treatment of a NaF solution by using amorphous TiO2 spheres as a precursor and template. The submicron hollow spheres with highly photocatalytic active surfaces exhibited excellent photocatalytic behavior. In this investigation, the factors that enhanced the photocatalytic performance were examined in terms of light harvesting, photoefficiency, and reaction activity. The photocatalytic performance was increased by a factor of approximately 1.5 for the scattering structure of submicron hollow spheres than that of nanofragments of submicron hollow sphere powder. The rate constant of anatase TiO2 with specific photoactive surfaces at {0 0 1} and {1 0 1} was approximately six times higher than that of randomly exposed TiO2 particles. Furthermore, a heterogeneous mixture of the submicron hollow spheres and micro‐sized anatase TiO2 (HS@micro‐sized TiO2) prohibited electron–hole recombination in the catalyst during the degradation reaction. The rate constant for the heterojunction system was 3.4 times greater than that of the individual constituents. The rate constant for HS@micro‐sized TiO2 (k=0.175 min−1) was 1.8 times larger than that of commercial P25 (k=0.099 min−1). HS@micro‐sized TiO2 is a promising photocatalytic material.
Quantum Chemical Study of the Reactions between Pd+/Pt+ and H2O/H2S
Authors: Lakuntza Oier , Matxain Jon M. , Ruipérez Fernando , Ugalde Jesus M. , Armentrout Peter B. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe study of the reactions of water and hydrogen sulfide with palladium and platinum cations has been completed in this work, in both low‐ and high‐spin states. Our calculations predict that only the formation of platinum sulfide is exothermic (in both spin states), whereas for the remaining species the oxides and sulfides are found to be more reactive than their corresponding bare metal cations. An in‐depth analysis of the reaction paths leading to metal oxide and sulfide species is given, including various minima, and several important transition states. All results have been compared with existing experimental and theoretical data, and earlier works covering the reaction of nickel cation with water and hydrogen sulfide to observe the trends for the group 10 transition metals.
Effect of Gaseous Chlorine Dioxide on Student Cafeteria Bioaerosols
Authors: Hsu Ching‐Shan , Lu Ming‐Chun , Huang Da‐Ji 
Published: May 2013

AbstractMicrobial aerosols cause various human and animal health problems, and thus their control is a major scientific and technological concern. The air quality within student cafeteria in Taiwan should comply with the guidelines laid down by the Taiwan Environmental Protection Agency. Accordingly, this study performed an experimental investigation into the efficiency of gaseous chlorine dioxide (ClO2) in disinfecting a local student cafeteria. The air quality before and after disinfection was evaluated in terms of the bioaerosol levels of bacteria and fungus, respectively. The average background levels of bacteria and fungus in the indoor area of the cafeteria prior to treatment were found to be 741.0 ± 311.4 and 799.9 ± 302.7 CFU/m3, respectively, during the semester and 381.7 ± 165.8 and 974.4 ± 294.6 CFU/m3, respectively, during vacation. Following a one‐off application of gaseous ClO2, the average background levels of bacteria and fungus reduced to 661.0 ± 356.5 and 626.0 ± 265.1 CFU/m3, respectively, during the semester and 349.1 ± 183.2 and 853.4 ± 351 CFU/m3, respectively, during vacation. The disinfection efficiency of the ClO2 during the semester was reduced as the result of cooking, dishwashing, the passage of people, the ventilation system, and so on. Similarly, during vacation, the disinfection efficiency was reduced as the result of a greater accumulation of residual fungus due to a lack of regular cleaning. Therefore, the results obtained in this study suggest that a regular (i.e., daily) application of ClO2 is a more suitable protocol for maintaining an acceptable air quality in student cafeteria than a periodic, one‐off application.
Novel mixed–solvothermal synthesis of MoS2 nanosheets with controllable morphologies
Authors: Feng X. , Tang Q. , Zhou J. , Fang J. , Ding P. , Sun L. , Shi L. 
Published: May 2013

MoS2 nanosheets with controllable morphologies were successfully synthesized via a novel mixed–solvothermal approach based on interfusing organic solvent in the solution. The morphology of the MoS2 nanosheets was lamellar–like using the mixed water/ethanol/N–Methyl pyrrolidone solvents, whereas that prepared with the mixed water/ethano/ethylene glycol solvents changes to fullerene–like. Because of the structure‐directing ability of organic molecules, the mixed solvents were proposed to be responsible for the formation of such different morphologies. The average size of MoS2 nanosheets was approximately 90 nm, and the thickness was about 10–20 nm. The results indicated that the crystalline phase and morphology were largely influenced by calcination and reaction system.
AlxTayOz Mixture Coatings Prepared Using Atomic Layer Deposition for Corrosion Protection of Steel
Authors: Härkönen Emma , Díaz Belén , Światowska Jolanta , Maurice Vincent , Seyeux Antoine , Fenker Martin , Tóth Lajos , Radnóczi György , Marcus Philippe , Ritala Mikko 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAtomic layer deposited (ALD) 50 nm AlxTayOz mixture coatings are grown on steel for corrosion protection. In morphological and compositional analyses the coatings are found to be uniform, conformal, well‐adhered, and low in defect density. Corrosion protection properties are evaluated with polarization measurements and neutral salt spray (NSS) testing. The sealing properties of the mixtures improve with increasing aluminum oxide content, whereas the protection durability improves with increasing tantalum oxide content. In comparison to single‐layer and nano‐laminate ALD Al2O3 and Ta2O5 coatings, all mixtures are found to have better protective properties.
Molecular Layer Deposition of Zircone and ZrO2/Zircone Alloy Films: Growth and Properties
Authors: Lee Byoung H. , Anderson Virginia R. , George Steven M. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractHybrid organic/inorganic polymer films based on zirconium are grown using molecular layer deposition (MLD) techniques. The zirconium alkoxide films, known as “zircones”, are grown using sequential exposures of zirconium tert‐butoxide (ZTB) and ethylene glycol (EG) as the reactants at temperatures from 105 to 195°C. In‐situ quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and ex‐situ X‐ray reflectivity (XRR) experiments confirm linear growth versus the number of reaction cycles. The growth rates decrease versus temperature from 1.6 Å per cycle at 105°C to 0.3 Å per cycle at 195°C. The measured density is ∼2.17 g cm−3 for all the growth temperatures. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images reveal very uniform and conformal zircone films. ZrO2/zircone alloys are also fabricated by combining ZrO2 atomic layer deposition (ALD) and zircone MLD at 145°C. The composition of the ZrO2/zircone alloy is varied by adjusting the relative number of ZrO2 ALD and zircone MLD cycles in the reaction sequence. The ZrO2/zircone alloys display varying density, refractive index, elastic modulus, and hardness. The refractive index and elastic modulus change progressively from n = 1.63 and E= 27 ± 0.6 GPa for pure zircone MLD films, to n = 1.86 and E= 97 ± 5 GPa for pure ZrO2 ALD films, respectively. In capacitor structures, the zircone films display low leakage currents and a dielectric constant of ∼6.7. The zircone films are also utilized as the dielectric layer in pentacene‐based thin film transistors (TFTs), which display a high field effect mobility of 2.11 cm2 V−1 s−1 operating at −3 V with an on/off current ratio of ∼103. The zircone and ZrO2/zircone alloy films provide a new class of hybrid organic/inorganic polymer films for many functional film applications.
Stability of 11 prevalent synthetic cannabinoids in authentic neat oral fluid samples: glass versus polypropylene containers at different temperatures
Authors: Kneisel Stefan , Speck Michael , Moosmann Bjoern , Auwärter Volker 
Published: May 2013

Although synthetic cannabinoids have been intensively investigated in recent years and oral fluid testing is becoming increasingly popular in suspected driving under the influence of drugs cases, only scarce data on their stability in authentic neat oral fluid (nOF) samples are yet available. However, especially for these new psychoactive drugs, investigations focusing on stability issues are necessary as inappropriate storage conditions may lead to considerable analytical problems. Since it has been shown for Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol that adsorption to plastic surfaces may lead to considerable drug loss, we aimed to evaluate whether adsorption also has to be taken into account for synthetic cannabinoids in nOF samples.In this paper, the results of investigations on the recovery of 11 prevalent synthetic cannabinoids from authentic nOF samples stored over 72 h in RapidEASE (high quality borosilicate glass) and Sciteck Saliva Split Collector (polypropylene) tubes at 4 and 25 °C are presented. Our findings clearly demonstrate that lipophilic synthetic cannabinoids present in nOF samples adsorb to the surface of polypropylene containers when stored at room temperature, leading to considerable drug loss. Hence, when using polypropylene tubes, samples should be shipped cooled in order to avoid a substantial decrease of the analyte concentration during transportation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transgenic retinoic acid sensor lines in zebrafish indicate regions of available embryonic retinoic acid
Authors: Mandal Amrita , Rydeen Ariel , Anderson Jane , Sorrell Mollie R.J. , Zygmunt Tomas , Torres‐Vázquez Jesús , Waxman Joshua S. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTBackground: Retinoic acid (RA) signaling plays a critical role in vertebrate development. Transcriptional reporters of RA signaling in zebrafish, thus far, have not reflected the broader availability of embryonic RA, necessitating additional tools to enhance our understanding of the spatial and temporal activity of RA signaling in vivo. Results: We have generated novel transgenic RA sensors in which a RA receptor (RAR) ligand‐binding domain (RLBD) is fused to the Gal4 DNA‐binding domain (GDBD) or a VP16‐GDBD (VPBD) construct. Stable transgenic lines expressing these proteins when crossed with UAS reporter lines are responsive to RA. Interestingly, the VPBD RA sensor is significantly more sensitive than the GDBD sensor and demonstrates there may be almost ubiquitous availability of RA within the early embryo. Using confocal microscopy to compare the expression of the GDBD RA sensor to our previously established RA signaling transcriptional reporter line, Tg(12XRARE:EGFP), illustrates these reporters have significant overlap, but that expression from the RA sensor is much broader. We also identify previously unreported domains of expression for the Tg(12XRARE:EGFP) line. Conclusions: Our novel RA sensor lines will be useful and complementary tools for studying RA signaling during development and anatomical structures independent of RA signaling. Developmental Dynamics 242:989–1000, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.