bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pull‐out tests of handcrafted studs embedded in concrete with red mud synthetic coarse aggregate
Authors: Nzambi Aaron , Oliveira Dênio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper presented the experimental results of the strength capacity of studs embedded centrally in concrete with red mud synthetic coarse aggregates, with the variation of the handcrafted headed stud thickness (3.17, 4.76, 6.35, and 7.9 mm) and no shank bond influence with concrete. The results regarding the compressive strength of concrete showed considerable strength gain with synthetic coarse aggregate, ranging from 27.00 to 43.50 MPa, while in concrete with natural coarse aggregate, the variation was 27.00 to 36.50 MPa. Also, it was observed that the cracking in the concrete matrix of the synthetic coarse aggregate occurred in the aggregate instead of the transition zone, as occurred with the natural coarse aggregate concrete. However, the solid morphological formation of synthetic coarse aggregate provided excellent chemical adhesion to the headed stud, providing a hardening failure behavior after reaching the yield strength value of the steel bar with higher displacements. This can enable the optimized consumption of materials in the dosage of low‐strength structural concrete and the anchoring application of studs with smaller‐headed thicknesses, up to 8% of head diameter, generating economy and sustainability.
Foreign Ownership, Board of Directors, and Environmental Commitment in European International New Ventures
Authors: Onjewu Adah‐Kole Emmanuel , Nyuur Richard B. , Amankwah‐Amoah Joseph , Olan Femi , Godwin Eun Sun 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examines the effect of foreign ownership and the presence of a board of directors on commitment to environmental issues and export intensity. Based on a robust path analysis of 181 international new ventures spanning 25 European countries, it is found that foreign ownership significantly boosts the environmental commitment and exports of this breed of firms. On the contrary, board of directors bears no relationship with the aforementioned outcomes. Theoretically, this paper expands the international entrepreneurship discourse by uncommonly investigating environmental issues in the context of international new ventures. Practically, insights are offered to owners/managers of international new ventures to reflect on the distinctive value of foreign ownership and board of directors in their environmental and internationalization agenda. Regional policymakers' attention is drawn to the contribution of foreign ownership as a harbinger of environmental performance and greater export intensity.
“Federally Trapped”? Comparing and Contrasting Local Government in Federal Systems
Authors: Valdesalici Alice , Nicolini Matteo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract‘What is the place of local government in federal studies?’ This is the question that this chapter addresses. The fact that local government has its own place within federal arrangements is a predicament to which every federal scholar might wish to subscribe. What this ‘place’ implies, however, is an aspect that still needs to be adequately explored. Although local government has been integrated into the umbrella of federal studies in more recent years, its investigation within federal settings is still considered an anomaly in many respects. To put it differently, what this ‘collocation’ implies for federal systems is not as clear as one might expect. Consequently, this chapter explores these issues from an innovative angle with a focus on powers, territory, and money, i.e. the elements that can be ascribed to the foundations of local government in federal systems.
Introduction
Authors: Feltz Adam , Cokely Edward T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe start with a simple question: How should you live your life? There is fundamental philosophical disagreement about the right answer to that question. While philosophical disagreement is nothing new, this chapter presents a novel perspective on a potential explanation for some of that disagreement—i.e., heritable differences in personality. We introduce some of the materials and methods that we have used to scientifically establish the relation of personality with some philosophical judgments in free will, intentional action, and moral objectivism. Readers are invited to consider some of the specific cases and questions we have used to provide evidence for the theoretical core of the book—i.e., the Philosophical Personality Argument. The conclusion of this argument states that one’s endorsement of some philosophical claims is partially a function of one’s personality. Finally, we provide potential guides for reading the book based on the interests of the reader (e.g., considering strengths and limits of empirical evidence; theoretical implications for philosophy and psychology; ethical policy analysis for choice architecture and human factors research).
Ethics
Authors: Feltz Adam , Cokely Edward T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEthics is a philosophical area of study ranging from exploring the nature of morality, identifying what makes right actions right and wrong actions wrong, characterizing virtues, and weighing in on applied issues such as capital punishment and abortion. In this chapter, we present evidence that personality can predict some judgments across a range of ethical pursuits. Openness to experience predicts those who are likely to make moral objectivist judgments (i.e., that some actions are right or wrong regardless of what one thinks). Emotional stability predicts those who are likely to attribute virtues to others. Conscientiousness predicts preferences for overall less safe products (e.g., vaccines or cars) when there was no chance that the product itself would cause injuries or death. We go on to discuss the implications of empirical results for normative projects like ethics and conclude that empirical results are relevant for normative projects. This chapter represents the last extended discussion of the empirical data linking personality traits to philosophically relevant judgments.
Ethical Interaction Theory
Authors: Feltz Adam , Cokely Edward T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe first chapter asked: “How should you live your life?” The final chapter of the book asks a slightly different, but related, question: “Who should decide how you live your life?” These two questions take on additional importance due to increases in the ability to track behavior and manipulate decisions via advances in science and technology. We attempt to give some evidence-based, theoretically grounded insight into how to manage the development of decision technologies, including choice architectures, in the face of value diversity. To illustrate, we center on some potential trade-offs between two values that have been prominent and well-represented cross-culturally and in many professional and personal contexts: autonomy and beneficence. The resulting Ethical Interaction Theory provides a framework designed to offer techniques to quantify and compare ethical risks and benefits associated with the development of interactive systems (e.g., ethical policy analysis). We contextualize this approach by comparing two different kinds of choice architecture strategies—nudging and strategies that promote representative understanding. Based on these analyses, we offer a heuristic checklist to use when comparing different prescriptive interventions designed to help people make better decisions.
Hagedorn singularity in exact $$ {\mathcal{U}}_{\textrm{q}}\left({\mathfrak{su}}_2\right) $$ S-matrix theories with arbitrary spins
Authors: Ahn Changrim , Franzini Tommaso , Ravanini Francesco 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Generalizing the quantum sine-Gordon and sausage models, we construct exact S-matrices for higher spin representations with quantum $$ {\mathcal{U}}_{\textrm{q}}\left({\mathfrak{su}}_2\right) $$

U
q

su
2

symmetry, which satisfy unitarity, crossing-symmetry and the Yang-Baxter equations with minimality assumption, i.e. without any unnecessary CDD factor. The deformation parameter q is related to a coupling constant. Based on these S-matrices, we derive the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations for q a root of unity in terms of a universal kernel where the nodes are connected by graphs of non-Dynkin type. We solve these equations numerically to find out Hagedorn-like singularity in the free energies at some critical scales and find a universality in the critical exponents, all near 0.5 for different values of the spin and the coupling constant.
Thermodynamics of black holes with probe D-branes
Authors: Cabo-Bizet Alejandro , David Marina , González Lezcano Alfredo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Understanding how the thermodynamic properties of a black hole are modified when probed by D-branes is an important problem in AdS/CFT. This work focuses on a recently proposed black hole/D3-brane system in AdS5×S5, which is dual to four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM in the presence of a two-dimensional surface defect. The Laplace transform that extracts the asymptotic growth of states in this defect CFT naturally defines a thermodynamic approach in the gravitational side of the duality for which charges and entropy are real. Studying the superconformal defect index in a large-charge expansion for all values of N, we compute the leading correction to the entropy of the combined system, which matches precisely with its gravity counterpart.
Heavy photophobic ALP at the LHC
Authors: Aiko Masashi , Endo Motoi , Fridell Kåre 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We study the photophobic ALP model in high-mass regions under LHC Run-II. Since the ALP is predominantly coupled with electroweak gauge bosons such as ZZ, WW, and Zγ, and less with di-photon, the model may be probed via multi-boson final-state processes. We find that on-shell ALP productions with Zγ final states currently provide the best sensitivities for ma > 40 GeV.
Primordial black holes from axion domain wall collapse
Authors: Dunsky David I. , Kongsore Marius 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The QCD axion can solve the Strong CP Problem and be the dark matter of our universe. If the PQ symmetry breaking scale associated with the axion is below the inflationary reheating temperature, axion strings and domain walls populate the universe. Most of these strings and walls decay away into axion dark matter, but a small subset of the walls will be self-enclosed surfaces that are not attached to any strings. These enclosed walls can collapse in on themselves, compressing a large amount of energy into a small volume and potentially forming primordial black holes (PBHs). We study the number density and dynamics of these self-enclosed walls, taking into account their size distribution, Hubble expansion, asphericities, and all stages of domain wall dynamics using a combination of semi-analytic and numerical approaches. We find that axion models with a high axion decay constant fa, such as those of interest in early matter-dominated cosmologies, yield a PBH abundance potentially observable by future gravitational lensing surveys. We note that the formalism developed here is also useful for predicting relic PBH abundances in other models that exhibit unstable domain walls.
Two-dimensional gauge anomalies and p-adic numbers
Authors: Camp Imogen , Gripaios Ben , Le Nguyen Nguyen Khoi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We show how methods of number theory can be used to study anomalies in gauge quantum field theories in spacetime dimension two. To wit, the anomaly cancellation conditions for the abelian part of the local anomaly admit solutions if and only if they admit solutions in the reals and in the p-adics for every prime p and we use this to build an algorithm to find all solutions.
Entanglement entropy in string compactifications
Authors: Dabholkar Atish , Moitra Upamanyu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We consider ℤN orbifolds of Type-II compactifications to four and six dimensions on several Calabi-Yau manifolds in the orbifold limit with the aim to compute the entanglement entropy. The spectrum can contain tachyons in the doubly-twisted sectors which can lead to new infrared divergences for the partition function that are not present in the orbifolds of the uncompactified ten-dimensional theory. We show that all tachyonic contributions in these models admit a resummation and analytic continuation that yields finite entropy in the physical region 0 < N ≤ 1 just as in ten dimensions.
Nuclear miR-451a activates KDM7A and leads to cetuximab resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhai Peisong , Tong Tong , Wang Xiaoning , Li Chuwen , Liu Chun , Qin Xing , Li Shu , Xie Fei , Mao Jiayi , Zhang Jianjun , Guo Haiyan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCetuximab resistance has been a major challenge for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients receiving targeted therapy. However, the mechanism that causes cetuximab resistance, especially microRNA (miRNA) regulation, remains unclear. Growing evidence suggests that miRNAs may act as “nuclear activating miRNAs” for targeting promoter regions or enhancers related to target genes. This study elucidates a novel mechanism underlying cetuximab resistance in HNSCC involving the nuclear activation of KDM7A transcription via miR-451a. Herein, small RNA sequencing, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results provided compelling evidence of miR-451a nuclear enrichment in response to cetuximab treatment. Chromatin isolation via RNA purification, microarray analysis, and bioinformatic analysis revealed that miR-451a interacts with an enhancer region in KDM7A, activating its expression and further facilitating cetuximab resistance. It has also been demonstrated that the activation of KDM7A by nuclear miR-451a is induced by cetuximab treatment and is AGO2 dependent. Logistic regression analyses of 87 HNSCC samples indicated the significance of miR-451a and KDM7A in the development of cetuximab resistance. These discoveries support the potential of miR-451a and KDM7A as valuable biomarkers for cetuximab resistance and emphasize the function of nuclear-activating miRNAs.
Graphical abstract
Effects of climate change on plant-pollinator interactions and its multitrophic consequences
Authors: Trunschke Judith , Junker Robert R. , Kudo Gaku , Alexander Jake M. , Richman Sarah K. , Till-Bottraud Irene 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThere is wide consensus that climate change will seriously impact flowering plants and their pollinators. Shifts in flowering phenology and insect emergence as well as changes in the functional traits involved can cause alterations in plant-pollinator interactions, pollination success and plant reproductive output. Effects of rising temperatures, advanced snowmelt and altered precipitation patterns are expected to be particularly severe in alpine habitats due to the constrained season and upper range margins. Yet, our understanding of the magnitude and consequences of such changes in life history events and functional diversity in high elevation environments is incomplete.This special issue collects novel insights into the effects of climate change on plant-pollinator interactions in individual plant species and on network structure of entire plant and pollinator communities in alpine ecosystems. Using simulated changes of earlier snowmelt, natural gradients of variation in temperature, precipitation and snowmelt, or a long-term monitoring approach, these studies illustrate how plant species, plant communities, and pollinators respond to variation in environmental conditions associated with scenarios of ongoing climate change.The collection of papers presented here clearly demonstrates how spatial or temporal variation in the environmental climatic context affects flower abundances and plant community composition, and the consequences of these changes for pollinator visitation, pollination network structure, pollen transfer dynamics, or seed production. As changes in the availability of flowers, fruits, and seeds are likely to impact on other trophic levels, the time is ripe and pressing for a holistic multitrophic view of the effects of climate change on biotic interactions in alpine ecological communities.
Dynamic parameters of fluid responsiveness in the operating room
Authors: Prütz M. , Bozkurt A. , Löser B. , Haas S. A. , Tschopp D. , Rieder P. , Trachsel S. , Vorderwülbecke G. , Menk M. , Balzer F. , Treskatsch S. , Reuter D. A. , Zitzmann A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Reliable assessment of fluid responsiveness with pulse pressure variation (PPV) depends on certain ventilation-related preconditions; however, some of these requirements are in contrast with recommendations for protective ventilation.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of PPV in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery by retrospectively analyzing intraoperative ventilation data.

Material and methods
Intraoperative ventilation data from three large medical centers in Germany and Switzerland from January to December 2018 were extracted from electronic patient records and pseudonymized; 10,334 complete data sets were analyzed with respect to the ventilation parameters set as well as demographic and medical data.

Results
In 6.3% of the 3398 included anesthesia records, patients were ventilated with mean tidal volumes (mTV) > 8 ml/kg predicted body weight (PBW). These would qualify for PPV-based hemodynamic assessment, but the majority were ventilated with lower mTVs. In patients who underwent abdominal surgery (75.5% of analyzed cases), mTVs > 8 ml/kg PBW were used in 5.5% of cases, which did not differ between laparoscopic (44.9%) and open (55.1%) approaches. Other obstacles to the use of PPV, such as elevated positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) or increased respiratory rate, were also identified. Of all the cases 6.0% were ventilated with a mTV of > 8 ml/kg PBW and a PEEP of 5–10 cmH2O and 0.3% were ventilated with a mTV > 8 ml/kg PBW and a PEEP of > 10 cmH2O.

Conclusion
The data suggest that only few patients meet the currently defined TV (of > 8 ml/kg PBW) for assessment of fluid responsiveness using PPV during surgery.
Molecular targets in bone cancer pain: a systematic review of inflammatory cytokines
Authors: Ruivo Jacinta , Tavares Isaura , Pozza Daniel H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBone cancer pain (BCP) profoundly impacts patient’s quality of life, demanding more effective pain management strategies. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the role of inflammatory cytokines as potential molecular targets in BCP. A systematic search for animal rodent models of bone cancer pain studies was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed using the SYRCLE RoB tool. Twenty-five articles met the inclusion criteria, comprising animal studies investigating molecular targets related to inflammatory cytokines in BCP. A low to moderate risk of bias was reported. Key findings in 23 manuscripts revealed upregulated classic pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, IL-18, IL-33) and chemokines in the spinal cord, periaqueductal gray, and dorsal root ganglia. Interventions targeting these cytokines consistently mitigated pain behaviors. Additionally, it was demonstrated that glial cells, due to their involvement in the release of inflammatory cytokines, emerged as significant contributors to BCP. This systematic review underscores the significance of inflammatory cytokines as potential molecular targets for alleviating BCP. It emphasizes the promise of targeted interventions and advocates for further research to translate these findings into effective therapeutic strategies. Ultimately, this approach holds the potential to enhance the patient’s quality of life.
Tilting and untilting for ideals in perfectoid rings
Authors: Dine Dimitri , Ishizuka Ryo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFor a perfectoid ring R of characteristic 0 with tilt $$R^{\flat }$$

R
♭

, we introduce and study a tilting map $$(-)^{\flat }$$

(
-
)

♭

from the set of p-adically closed ideals of R to the set of ideals of $$R^{\flat }$$

R
♭

and an untilting map $$(-)^{\sharp }$$

(
-
)

♯

from the set of radical ideals of $$R^{\flat }$$

R
♭

to the set of ideals of R. The untilting map $$(-)^{\sharp }$$

(
-
)

♯

is defined purely algebraically and generalizes the analytically defined untilting map on closed radical ideals of a perfectoid Tate ring of characteristic p introduced in the first author’s previous work. We prove that the two maps $$\begin{aligned} J\mapsto J^{\flat }~\text {and}~I\mapsto I^{\sharp } \end{aligned}$$

J
↦

J
♭

and

I
↦

I
♯

define an inclusion-preserving bijection between the set of ideals J of R such that the quotient R/J is perfectoid and the set of $$p^{\flat }$$

p
♭

-adically closed radical ideals of $$R^{\flat }$$

R
♭

, where $$p^{\flat }\in R^{\flat }$$

p
♭

∈

R
♭

corresponds to a compatible system of p-power roots of a unit multiple of p in R. Finally, we prove that the maps $$(-)^{\flat }$$

(
-
)

♭

and $$(-)^{\sharp }$$

(
-
)

♯

send (closed) prime ideals to prime ideals and thus define a homeomorphism between the subspace of $${{\,\textrm{Spec}\,}}(R)$$

Spec

(
R
)

consisting of prime ideals $$\mathfrak {p}$$
p
of R such that $$R/\mathfrak {p}$$

R
/
p

is perfectoid and the subspace of $${{\,\textrm{Spec}\,}}(R^{\flat })$$

Spec

(

R
♭

)

consisting of $$p^{\flat }$$

p
♭

-adically closed prime ideals of $$R^{\flat }$$

R
♭

. In particular, we obtain a generalization and a new proof of the main result of the first author’s previous work which concerned prime ideals in perfectoid Tate rings.
Scaling up a targeted exposome LC-MS/MS biomonitoring method by incorporating veterinary drugs and pesticides
Authors: Hossain Md Zakir , Feuerstein Max L. , Gu Yunyun , Warth Benedikt 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHumans are exposed to a cocktail of food-related and environmental contaminants, potentially contributing to the etiology of chronic diseases. Better characterizing the “exposome” is a challenging task and requires broad human biomonitoring (HBM). Veterinary drugs (VDs)/antibiotics, widely used and regulated in food and animal production, however, are typically not yet included in exposomics workflows. Therefore, in this work, a previously established multianalyte liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method covering >80 diverse xenobiotics was expanded by >40 VDs/antibiotics and pesticides. It was investigated if the generic workflow allowed for the successful integration of a high number of new analytes in a proof-of-principle study. The expanded method was successfully in-house validated and specificity, matrix effects, linearity, intra- and inter-day precision, accuracy, limits of quantification, and detection were evaluated. The optimized method demonstrated satisfactory recovery (81–120%) for most of the added analytes with acceptable RSDs (<20%) at three spiking levels. The majority of VDs/antibiotics and pesticides (69%) showed matrix effects within a range of 50–140%. Moreover, sensitivity was excellent with median LODs and LOQs of 0.10 ng/mL and 0.31 ng/mL, respectively. In total, the expanded method can be used to detect and quantify more than 120 highly diverse analytes in a single analytical run. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work represents the first targeted biomonitoring method integrating VDs with various other classes of pollutants including plasticizers, PFAS, bisphenols, mycotoxins, and personal care products. It demonstrates the potential to expand targeted multianalyte methods towards additional groups of potentially toxic chemicals.
Graphical Abstract