bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on Intelligent Street Light Control System for Anti fog on Freeway Based on Wireless Network
Authors: Chen Xin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In extremely harsh weather conditions such as heavy fog, traffic accidents may occur on highways and they are often closed and suspended. The root cause is that drivers have limited visibility and are unable to see the vehicles ahead clearly during foggy weather. This article combines fog detection technology, ZigBee technology, and LED drive control technology to propose a design scheme for an intelligent road light control system for highway anti fog based on wireless network. The system mainly uses CC2530 as the core device to collect real-time environmental data such as PM2.5 and PM10 particle concentration, temperature, and humidity on site. Based on these data, the visibility value is calculated, and then the LED street light switch is automatically controlled and adjusted according to the visibility value to achieve intelligent lighting. The experiment shows that the system is flexible to operate, inexpensive, and can meet the needs of intelligent lighting on highways, with prospects for promotion.
Cropland functional diversity increases ecosystem services supply in watersheds of the Rio de la Plata Grasslands
Authors: Sans Gonzalo Camba , Baldassini Pablo , Gallego Federico , Paruelo José María 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Context
Implementing heterogeneous rural landscapes with high agricultural diversity and a substantial proportion of natural habitats has been proposed to ensure food production while reducing negative impacts on ecosystem services. However, evidence of an increased supply of ecosystem services (ES) in more heterogeneous landscapes remains limited, with no consensus.
Objectives
To evaluate the effect of the spatial cropland system’s diversity and landscape configuration on the supply of key ES in agricultural landscapes of the Rio de la Plata Grasslands region.
Methods
We analyzed the relationship between the supply of ES and the heterogeneity of 1121 micro-watersheds. We assessed the Ecosystem Service Supply Index (ESSI), the Hydrological Yield (HY), and the Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (APAR) in agricultural areas. We calculated the average grassland patch area, the structural and functional cropland diversity, the cropland percentage, and the grassland’s juxtaposition to assess landscape heterogeneity.
Results
Cropland functional diversity increased the supply of ES at the micro-watershed level. It positively affected the ESSI and APAR, and reduced the HY. In contrast, the juxtaposition of grasslands had opposite effects to those of cropland functional diversity, so the spatial segregation of grasslands favored the ES supply.
Conclusions
The functional cropland diversification and the segregation of natural grasslands improved the supply of ES and counteracted the negative effects of agricultural expansion. These findings contribute to designing multifunctional landscapes and suggest that cropland functional diversity and grassland configuration should be considered in food production systems aimed to preserve ES supply.
Toxicity and enzymatic activity changes in rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) induced by basil (Ocimum basilicum) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum) essential oils
Authors: Omar Ahmed Fayez , Khalil Fatma Mohamed Ameen , Alomran Maryam , Ismail Tamer , El‐Tokhy Ahmed , Abdelaal Khaled , Gharsan Fatehia , Almozini Reem Nasser , Abouelatta Ahmed 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae is a common and severe pest of stored products that cause great losses of seeds. Application of essential oils from many plants is very important approach for pest control.
Results
In this study, the toxicity of two natural essential oils, cumin (Cuminum cyminum) and basil (Ocimum basilicum), was evaluated after three different exposure times at different doses. Gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that the major constituents of C. cyminum essential oil were procanal (26.07%) and ˠ- terpinene (15.78%), whereas linalool (56.7%), cadinol, epi-α (11.4%) were the major compounds in O. basilicum. Toxicity results showed that cumin essential oil was most effective with LC50 of 11.04, 8.51 and 6.61 mg/ml compared to 21.91, 15.59 and 9.94 mg/ml for basil essential oil after 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure. Additionally, the total protein content and enzymatic activity of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), α-amylase, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were measured. The results showed that the LC50 values of both tested essential oils had no significant effect on all tested enzymes, except for ALP and GOT.
Conclusions
cumin essential oil was most effective with LC50 of 11.04, 8.51 and 6.61 mg/ml so, it can be used to control rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae).
Effect of Deep Infiltrative Endometriosis Surgery and Surgical Method on Sexual Function in Females
Authors: Atlıhan Ufuk , Yavuz Onur , Ata Can , Avsar Huseyin Aytug , Bildaci Tevfik Berk , Erkılınc Selcuk 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Sexual function and quality of life are significantly reduced in Endometriosis, particularly deep infiltrative endometriosis (DIE) patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of endometriosis excision and excision techniques on sexual function among individuals with DIE to those of healthy females in an objective manner. Materials and Methods Our study included 140 individuals who were diagnosed as having DIE and reported dyspareunia in our clinic between January 2018 and 2024, and 70 patients who presented to our family planning clinic. The preoperative and at 6th -month post-surgery scores of the Female Sexual Function Index, Quality of Sexual Experience Scale, and visual analog scale (VAS) values of all patients who described preoperative dyspareunia were examined retrospectively from the patient files. Results In our study, the FSFI score of healthy group was seen to be significantly greater than the pre-surgery and post-surgery groups (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001,irespectively). The QSES scores of the healthy group was found to be significantly higher than the pre-surgery and post surgery groups (p < .001and p < 0.001, respectively). The VAS dyspareunia values of the healthy group were discovered to be significantly lower than the pre-surgery and post surgery groups (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001.irespectively). The FSFI and QSES scores of the post-surgery group were seen to be significantly higher than the pre-surgery group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). The VAS dyspareunia score of the post-surgery group was seen to be significantly lower than that of the pre-surgery group (p < 0.001). The FSFI and QSES scores of patients who underwent laparotomy was discovered to be significantly greater than that of individuals who underwent laparoscopic surgery (p < 0.001 and p = 0.01,irespectively). Conclusion The surgical approach may have a positive effect both on organ dysfunction and sexual function in females affected by DIE, and therefore it is important to incorporate issues regarding females’ sexual health into standard gynecological treatment.
Study on the Differences in Intrahepatic Lipid Protons in Animal Models of Alcoholic (NIAAA), Non-Obese Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver (MCD), and Hepatotoxic( CCl4) Fatty Liver
Authors: Yu Seung-Man 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The study aimed to compare lipid proton concentrations across the 3 fatty liver models, highlighting induction methods and differences in hepatic protonation identified through Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) analysis to gain insights into fatty liver pathogenesis and potential therapeutic approaches. This research sought to induce various conditions of fatty liver and examine disparities in hepatic protonation patterns through meticulous MRS analysis. The models for fatty liver in mice were established using distinct methods including ethanol feeding, MCD diet, and CCl4 injection. MRS was utilized for lipid proton analysis, with data processed using LCModel software. Statistical analyses encompassed profile comparisons via OPLS-DA, consistency evaluations using Kendal correlation, assessments of concentration differences via Mann-Whitney U test, and an exploration of lipid accumulation influences through Spearman's correlation analysis. All three fatty liver models displayed hepatic fat infiltration rates exceeding 40%, with the MCD model showing the highest rate at 52.46%. Analyzing the lipid protons, a higher concentration of methylene protons was observed in the NIAAA model compared to the other groups. Additionally, there were notable distinctions in the composition values of specific lipid protons across the models, highlighting varying trends in fatty acid deposition. The correlation and composition analysis provided insights into the different patterns of lipid accumulation in each model, with significant correlations identified among various lipid protons. Furthermore, differences in the composition values of specific lipid protons indicated distinct characteristics of fatty acid profiles in the different fatty liver models. There is no significant differences were found between the NIAAA and CCl4 models, but the MCD model exhibited higher deposition of polyunsaturated bonds, specifically diallylic protons, compared to other groups.
EEG-Based Motor Imagery Classification via Multi-scale Convolutional Network and Improved Capsule Network
Authors: Wang Biao , Wang Lei , Xu Wenchang , Ren Hanbin , Cheng Wenbo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Electroencephalogram (EEG) based motor imagery classification is a crucial component of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Traditionally, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been extensively employed for this task. However, due to local feature learning mechanism, CNNs have difficulty in capturing the global contextual information from EEG signal, which limit the performance of brain signal decoding. In this study, in order to overcome the shortcomings of CNNs, we introduce an improved capsule network to effectively learn various properties within EEG features and characterize intrinsic relationships between EEG features, achieving more robust performance. A novel end-to-end model is proposed in this paper which integrates muti-scale convolutional network and improved capsule network with self-attention routing mechanism, namely MSC-CapsNet. In the proposed model, a multi-scale convolutional network is employed to fully learn spatial and temporal information from EEG signals and encode them into discriminative features, then a improved capsule network with self-attention routing mechanism is applied to convert EEG features into entities corresponding to motor imagery classes and output classification results. The proposed model achieves the state-of-the-art performance on public Competition \uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral4}-2a dataset without using any data augmentation operations, with average accuracy of 86.1\%. This study demonstrates the great potential of capsule network in EEG decoding and is expected to become a general architecture to improve robustness and generalization capabilities.
Accelerated Federated Learning Using Self-Adapting Bat Algorithm
Authors: Wang Jie , Sun Chaochao , Peng Yuan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Federated learning (FL) is an advanced distributed machine learning (ML) framework designed to address issues related to data silos and data privacy. A significant challenge in FL is the non-independent and identically distributed (Non-IID) nature of client data, resulting in issues of slow convergence rate and low prediction accuracy for the model. To tackle these issues, we propose a FL scheme based on the bat algorithm (FedBat), leveraging the echolocation mechanism of bats to effectively balance global and local search capabilities and optimizing model weight updates through dynamic adjustments of the search strategy. FedBat also allows for adaptive parameter adjustments across various datasets. To mitigate the client drift issue, we extend FedBat by using Jensen-Shannon(JS) divergence to quantify the difference between local and global models. Clients decide whether to upload their local models based on this difference, aiming to enhance the global model's generalization capability and minimize communication overhead. Experimental results demonstrate that FedBat converges 5 times faster and enhances test accuracy by more than 40% compared to FedAvg. The extended FedBat effectively mitigates the decrease in the generalization performance of the global model and reduces communication costs by around 20%. Comparing FedPSO, FedGwo, and FedProx shows that FedBat demonstrates superior performance in terms of convergence rate and test accuracy. We derive the formula for the expected convergence rate of FedBat, analyze the impact of various parameters on FL performance, and establish the upper bound of FedBat to evaluate its model divergence.
SRFusion An infrared and visible images fusion methodbased on structural reparameterization
Authors: Hu ronglin , jiang wenzhen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Fusion of infrared and visible images amalgamates their respective advantages while circumventingtheir drawbacks, thereby retaining the intricate details present in the visible spectrum and augment-ing the thermal radiation information inherent in the infrared domain. However, few studies havefocused on the balance between algorithm speed and fused image quality in complex lighting condi-tions, which is critical for downstream tasks. To this end, we propose An infrared and visible imagesfusion method based on structural reparameterization, named SRFusion. The method innovativelyintegrates a Structural Reparameterization Module (SRM), adeptly extracting and processing featuresfrom the input images with exceptional efficiency. The methodology bifurcates the extracted featuresinto distinct components, which are then recombined through a sequence of convolutional operationsto produce a fused image. Notably, the SRM operates with a multi-branch architecture during thetraining phase, optimizing performance, and transitions to a streamlined, branch-free topology forinference, enhancing computational efficiency. A comparative analysis with the most advanced fusionmethods has demonstrated that SRFusion not only achieves the SOTA performance on most metricsof fusion image, but also delivers a more intricate level of detail and a better visual perception for human.
Computational Insights to Look for the Feasibility of Intramolecular Proton Transfer Reaction in some Imine-Functionalized Derivatives: A Comparative Ab-initio Analysis
Authors: Bose Debosreeta 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The present investigation reports the feasibility of occurrence of intramolecular proton transfer (IPT) reactions in four functional compounds, ortho vanillin and Schiff bases namely, salicylaldazine, 2-((E)-(ethylimino) methyl)-6 methoxy phenol (2EM6MP) and Bis 2-((E)-(ethylimino) methyl)-6 methoxy phenol (B2EM6MP) in their different electronic states. Density functional theory (DFT) and time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations are performed on the ground (S0) and two lowest excited states (S1 and T1) and S2 state respectively to inquire the feasibility of the IPT reactions in these molecules. The calculations reveal that although none of the compounds are susceptible to the IPT process in the ground state; excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) is feasible for all of them. The viability or non-viability of the proton transfer process has been judged from both the thermodynamic (enthalpy change, ΔH) and kinetic (activation energy, Eact) factors. Potential energy curves (PECs) and Frontier Molecular Orbital (FMO) diagrams have been generated to depict the propositions in the different electronic states. Feasibility of the double proton transfer (DPT) reaction in B2EM6MP and salicylaldazine is also inquired since both have the structural propensity to undergo DPT. Calculations project the viability of the ESDPT for B2EM6MP contrary to the non-occurrence of the same for the other molecular system, salicylaldazine. The differential proposition is rationalized since for ESDPT reaction the two proton transfer sites are in isolation through saturated carbon centres for B2EM6MP while they are directly connected in salicylaldazine.
Demersal–pelagic relationships of aquatic animals in the East Siberian Sea based on (δ 15 N) and (δ 13 C) ratios and fish diets
Authors: Gorbatenko K. M. , Radchenko Vladimir 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Stable nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13C) isotope ratios of zooplankton and zoobenthos were analyzed to compare the trophic characteristics of pelagic and demersal communities in the East Siberian Sea (ESS). The carbon isotope ratios of planktonic animals differed from those of benthic invertebrates; their δ13C ratios varied from -23.2 to -20.8 ‰, while those ratios varied from -21.8 to -17.0 ‰ in the zoobenthos. The relative boundary separating the pelagic and benthic communities corresponded to an average δ13C value of -20.5 ‰. The δ15N ratios of the studied species in the pelagic and benthic communities varied from 9.5 ‰ in comb yoldia Yoldia myalis to 18.7 ‰ in the sea star Urasterias lincki. There were significant differences in the δ15N ratios at the three trophic levels from filter feeders to predators. Trophic linkages in the ESS manifest a high degree of interdependence between the bottom and pelagic communities since both pelagic and bottom fish consume both benthic-derived and pelagic-derived food to some extent. The carbon isotope ratio of the snow crab Chionoecetes opilio in the northeastern ESS, δ13C = -17.0 ‰, is close to that of the opilio crab in the northern Chukchi Sea (δ13C = -17.3 ‰), which indicates that this species expanded westward from the Chukchi Sea.
Understanding the Electrical and Thermal Performance of Synthetic Ester fluid Impregnated Aged Pressboard Adopting Optical and Thermography Studies
Authors: - Mridula , J Manoj Dhivakar , Danikas Michael G , Sarathi Ramanujam 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The present study explores the criticality of pressboard insulation in transformer applications through a detailed examination of its microscopic properties pre- and post-thermal aging to optimize performance. Experimental findings reveal significant changes in the electrical performance of the thermally aged pressboard under different voltage profiles, as evidenced by the Surface Discharge Inception Voltage (SDIV) test. SDIV studies were carried out using UHF and fluorescent fiber techniques. A fluorescent fiber-based sensor demonstrates high efficacy in detecting partial discharges with excellent signal-to-noise ratios and is resourceful in detecting discharge activity under transient voltages. Surface potential studies reveal that thermal aging induces alterations in electron trap formation by affecting the charge behavior under positive and negative DC voltages, particularly at higher temperatures. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) identifies distinct morphological changes in the pressboard due to chemical bond fractures within its fiber structure, due to aging. Additionally, Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) and Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) provide elemental emission spectra during discharge events, elucidating thermal and chemical characteristics due to thermal aging. Laser-induced thermography studies through a derivative-based approach enable one to identify local hotspot zones and correlate the level of aging
Myelin sheaths can act as compact temporary oxygen storage units as modeled by an electrical RC circuit model
Authors: Vervust Wouter , Witschas Katja , Leybaert Luc , Ghysels An 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Oxygen is a crucial component in cellular energy metabolism, particularly in the brain where neurons consume the majority of energy produced via mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Phospholipid membranes have been found to store and transport oxygen efficiently in their hydrophobic core. This work investigates the kinetics of this storage, not only in a single membrane but also in membrane stacks as those found in myelinated axons in the nervous system. Using a diffusive model derived from molecular dynamics simulations, it is first demonstrate that oxygen storage within a phospholipid bilayer follows first-order kinetics. In consequence, we show how oxygen loading and unloading in a membrane is effectively modeled by an intuitive RC (resistor-capacitor) circuit analogy with a characteristic RC time constant.
Next, oxygen transport through myelin, comprising multiple bilayers, could be investigated by building a ladder network of RC circuits. Both the resistance (to oxygen transport) and the capacitance (for oxygen storage) scale linearly with the number of bilayers. Moreover, the characteristic time constant for oxygen storage scales quadratically with the myelin thickness, for instance enhancing the characteristic time constant from 30 ns for one 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) bilayer to 506 μs for 200 POPC bilayers. This enhancement gives myelin a buffering role: myelin sheaths act as spatially compact oxygen containers whose slower kinetics will dampen sudden oxygen changes.
Finally, oxygen transport from capillary to axonal mitochondria is modeled during increased oxygen consumption rates (OCRs) associated with neuronal activity. The model predicts that increased myelination results in longer sustainment of increased oxygen demand, supporting the idea that myelin sheaths may act as a buffer to oxygen fluctuations. The inability of considered configurations to sustain the increased OCRs for periods longer than a few hundred milliseconds hints the functional aspect of the dominant vascular response in restoring oxygen homeostasis following neuronal activation.
Depletion of splicing factor Cdc5 in Toxoplasma disrupts transcriptome integrity, induces stress-driven abortive bradyzoite formation, and triggers host protective immunity
Authors: Deshmukh Abhijit , Aswale Kalyani 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii, a member of the Apicomplexa phylum, has over 75% of genes with predicted introns; however, RNA splicing, a major source of post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression during stage transitions, is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate the role of pre-mRNA splicing factor Cdc5 in maintaining transcriptome integrity by harmonizing interaction with spliceosomal proteins and snRNAs in Toxoplasma. TgCdc5 is an essential splicing factor, and its depletion generates significant alternative splicing with widespread changes in gene expression demonstrated by RNA-seq and proteomic studies. Loss of TgCdc5 leads to catastrophic effects on the parasites, concomitantly triggering a switch from rapidly replicating tachyzoite to dormant bradyzoite cysts in many parasites, likely due to the formation of misfolded protein aggregates caused by the translation of erroneous transcripts. However, these dormant state parasites could not survive due to lacking functional proteins for bradyzoite development. Remarkably, the knockdown of TgCdc5 in vivo protects mice from lethal infection, and the immune response generated during initial parasite exposure completely protects these mice from future infection and offers partial protection in vertical transmission. Overall, this study unveils a novel role of TgCdc5-mediated pre-mRNA splicing in governing Toxoplasma stage conversion, providing new insights into developmental stage gene regulation.