bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between pregnancy-related changes in serum creatinine and preeclampsia diagnosis
Authors: Nguyen Lynsa M. , Crants Shelby A. , Giordano Christin M. , Zuckerwise Lisa C. , Grace Matthew R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, affecting 2–8% of all pregnancies. Typically, the increased glomerular filtration rate of pregnancy results in a decrease in serum creatinine. It is unknown if women without the expected decrease in serum creatinine during pregnancy are more likely to be diagnosed with preeclampsia.

Objective
We sought to determine if the absence of a pregnancy-related decrease in serum creatinine was associated with the development of preeclampsia in patients deemed to be at high risk for developing preeclampsia. We hypothesized that the absence of the expected decrease in serum creatinine may be a marker of impaired renal function and therefore may be associated with increased risk of preeclampsia in this cohort.

Study design
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of deliveries between November 2, 2017 and June 30, 2020 at a single institution. Pregnancies were included if a baseline serum creatinine (measured between one year prior to conception through 6 weeks gestation), and another serum creatinine value prior to 20 weeks of gestation were measured. Decrease in serum creatinine was defined as any decrease (at least 0.01 mg/dL) from baseline. The primary outcome was diagnosis of preeclampsia. Exclusion criteria included fetal anomalies, fetal demise, multiple gestation, or delivery prior to 20 weeks. Bivariable analyses were performed using Chi-square, ANOVA, and Student’s t test. Logistic regression was used to determine odds of developing preeclampsia controlling for confounders.

Results
We identified 392 pregnancies that met inclusion criteria. Preeclampsia was diagnosed in 56 (14.3%) pregnancies. Patients diagnosed with preeclampsia were more likely to have a history of preeclampsia in a prior pregnancy, chronic hypertension (HTN), and diabetes. They were also more likely to have aspirin prescribed in the current pregnancy. Prevalence of advanced maternal age, multiparity, obesity, smoking, history of autoimmune disease, history of CKD, gestational HTN, or multiple pregnancy were not significantly different between patients with and without a diagnosis of preeclampsia. After controlling for confounders, a decrease in serum creatinine from baseline was not significantly associated with a diagnosis of preeclampsia (OR 0.76, CI 0.32–1.78).

Conclusion
After controlling for risk factors associated with preeclampsia, a decrease in serum creatinine from baseline was not significantly associated with a diagnosis of preeclampsia in this high-risk cohort.
A comprehensive review of hybrid AC/DC networks: insights into system planning, energy management, control, and protection
Authors: Abdelwanis Mohamed I. , Elmezain Mohammed I. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe introduction of hybrid alternating current (AC)/direct current (DC) distribution networks led to several developments in smart grid and decentralized power system technology. The paper concentrates on several topics related to the operation of hybrid AC/DC networks. Such as optimization methods, control strategies, energy management, protection issues, and proposed solutions. The implementation of neural network optimization methods has great importance for the successful integration of multiple energy sources, dynamic energy management, establishment of system stability and reliability, power distribution optimization, management of energy storage, and online fault detection and diagnosis in hybrid networks like the hybrid AC–DC microgrids (MG). Taking advantage of renewable energy generation and cost-cutting through the neural network optimization technique holds the key to these progressions. Besides identifying the challenges in the operation of a hybrid system, the paper also compares this system to conventional MGs and shows the benefits of this type of system over different MG structures. This review compares the different topologies, particularly looking at the AC–DC coupled hybrid MGs, and shows the important role of the interlinking of converters that are used for efficient transmission between AC and DC MGs and generally used to implement the different control and optimization techniques. Overall, this review paper can be regarded as a reference, pointing out the pros and cons of integrating hybrid AC/DC distribution networks for future study and improvement paths in this developing area.
Supporting follow-up care in colorectal cancer patients: first experiences with the Assessment of Burden of ColoRectal Cancer (ABCRC)-tool
Authors: Thomassen Britt J. M. , Gielen Anke H. C. , Baak Jasmijn , Sosef Meindert , Ancion Ester , Gielen Christel M. J. , Gidding-Slok Annerika H. M. , Breukink Stephanie O. , Kimman Merel L. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The Assessment of Burden of ColoRectal Cancer (ABCRC)-tool is a unique tool that includes a PROM focused on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), functional outcomes and lifestyle assessment. Furthermore, it provides visualization of results and treatment advice. The tool aims to support follow-up consultations of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the first experiences of patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs) with the ABCRC-tool.

Methods
The ABCRC-tool was implemented in two Dutch hospitals and used by 25 patients and 5 HCPs during follow-up care. Consultations were audio-recorded and their content was analyzed independently by two researchers. Semi-structured interviews with patients and HCPs were conducted after the consultation. Interviews focused on the overall experience with the tool, ease of use, interpretation of the PROM and the visualized results and on the added value of the tool.

Results
Audio recording revealed that multiple topics, relevant to patients, were discussed during consultations with the ABCRC-tool. Patients and HCPs appreciated the ABCRC-tool as it added structure to the consultation, was helpful in the preparation of consultations and provided useful and convenient treatment options. The tool was easy to use, and the visualization was clear and informative. HCPs suggested that the tool is likely to be most relevant for patients in the first year of follow-up.

Conclusions
This study implies that the ABCRC-tool is of added value for patients and their HCPs. Future research should focus on the evaluation of broad implementation, across a wide range of CRC patients.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
The ABCRC-tool is a valid tool to support CRC survivors and HCPs to monitor and visualize experienced burden of disease and lifestyle parameters in order to optimize personalized care.
Obicetrapib—the Rebirth of CETP Inhibitors?
Authors: Chang Bliss , Laffin Luke J. , Sarraju Ashish , Nissen Steven E. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To provide perspective on the current development status, and potential future role, of obicetrapib, a third-generation cholesterylester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitor. Obicetrapib has received recent attention following positive Phase II clinical trial data and initiation of Phase III trials for the treatment of dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).

Recent Findings
The ROSE and ROSE2 trials are Phase II studies that examined the lipid lowering effects of obicetrapib in patients on pre-existing high-intensity statin therapy. Obicetrapib significantly reduced key dyslipidemia biomarkers including low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), Apolipoprotein B (Apo B), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) while increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Four phase III clinical trials, including a cardiovascular outcomes trial, are ongoing.

Summary
Preliminary data for obicetrapib shows favorable effects on dyslipidemia, which could theoretically lead to a decrease in ASCVD clinical events. Short-term safety data in preliminary studies shows no significant safety signals.
Hyper-Acute Stroke Systems of Care and Workflow
Authors: Kleinig Timothy J. , McMullan Patrick , Cloud Geoffrey C. , Bladin Prof Christopher , Ranta Anna 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose of review
Recent stroke treatment advances have necessitated agile, broad-scale healthcare system redesign, to achieve optimal patient outcomes and access equity. Optimised hyperacute stroke care requires integrated pre-hospital, emergency department, stroke specialist, radiology, neurosurgical and endovascular neurointervention services, guided by a population-wide needs analysis. In this review, we survey system integration efforts, providing case studies, and identify common elements of successful initiatives.

Recent findings
Different regions and nations have evolved varied acute stroke systems depending on geography, population density and workforce. However, common facilitators to these solutions have included stroke unit care as a foundation, government-clinician synergy, pre-hospital pathway coordination, service centralisation, and stroke data guiding system improvement. Further technological advantages will minimize the geographical distance disadvantages and facilitate virtual expertise redistribution to remote areas.

Summary
Continued treatment advances necessitate an integrated, adaptable, population-wide trans-disciplinary approach. A well-designed clinician-led and government-supported system can facilitate hyperacute care and scaffold future system enhancements.
Light-Activated Virtual Sensor Array with Machine Learning for Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Hu Jiawang , Qian Hao , Han Sanyang , Zhang Ping , Lu Yuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEarly non-invasive diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD) is critical. However, it is challenging to achieve accurate CHD diagnosis via detecting breath. In this work, heterostructured complexes of black phosphorus (BP) and two-dimensional carbide and nitride (MXene) with high gas sensitivity and photo responsiveness were formulated using a self-assembly strategy. A light-activated virtual sensor array (LAVSA) based on BP/Ti3C2Tx was prepared under photomodulation and further assembled into an instant gas sensing platform (IGSP). In addition, a machine learning (ML) algorithm was introduced to help the IGSP detect and recognize the signals of breath samples to diagnose CHD. Due to the synergistic effect of BP and Ti3C2Tx as well as photo excitation, the synthesized heterostructured complexes exhibited higher performance than pristine Ti3C2Tx, with a response value 26% higher than that of pristine Ti3C2Tx. In addition, with the help of a pattern recognition algorithm, LAVSA successfully detected and identified 15 odor molecules affiliated with alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, and acids. Meanwhile, with the assistance of ML, the IGSP achieved 69.2% accuracy in detecting the breath odor of 45 volunteers from healthy people and CHD patients. In conclusion, an immediate, low-cost, and accurate prototype was designed and fabricated for the noninvasive diagnosis of CHD, which provided a generalized solution for diagnosing other diseases and other more complex application scenarios.
Development of bread wheat lines resistant to warrior yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in a short time with the use of biotechnological methods
Authors: Salantur Ayten , Karaoğlu Cuma , Ölmez Fatih , Kızılgeçi Ferhat , Çetiner Buket , Turgay Emine Burcu , Mustafa Zemran , Kılıç Gökhan , Karaoğlu Tansu , Aydoğan Sinan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDuring the production of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), many diseases affect the yield and quality. One of the most important of these is yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici). When this disease creates an epidemic, it causes significant economic losses in wheat. Fungicides are widely used in disease control. In order to reduce the use of fungicides, the breeding of resistant cultivars, which is an environment-friendly and farmer-friendly approach, and the use of these cultivars in production are of vital importance. It is known that the Warrior race of yellow rust, which emerged in Europe in 2011, has overcome many important resistance genes except Yr-15, and wheat cultivars carrying those genes became susceptible. In this study, Yr-15 resistance gene was transferred to Tosunbey, which has high bread quality, with the help of KASP markers and homozygous DH lines were obtained using anther culture. Eighty-four of these lines were taken to the preliminary yield trial together with the Tosunbey standard cultivar. These lines were tested for grain yield, end-use quality and resistance to yellow rust. According to the trial results, 17 promising lines were selected among the Tosunbey-derived Yr-15 lines for advancement in a short period of totally 3 years. If one or more of these selected lines are registered, it will make a significant contribution to both the environment and the country's economy.
Towards a Less Habitable Ocean
Authors: Santana‐Falcón Yeray 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOcean warming and associated deoxygenation caused by anthropogenic global warming are impacting marine ecosystems. This article contextualizes and provides perspectives on key insights from a recently published study by Fröb et al. in Earth's Future (2024). The authors employ historical and high‐emission scenario simulations through a state‐of‐the‐art Earth system model to detect abrupt and persistent changes in the viability of marine habitats by leveraging an ecophysiological framework that quantifies how temperature and oxygen jointly limit the distribution of life in the ocean for a number of ecophysiotypes. A changepoint analysis is used to objectively detect shifts in decadal to multi‐decadal mean states in potential marine habitats. They observe a decrease in the ocean volume capable of providing viable habitats for those ecophysiotypes with positive sensitivity to hypoxia. About half of these decreases occur abruptly, thus highlighting potential risks on the capacity of marine organisms to cope with a changing environment.
Observational Evidence for Three Time‐Scale Modulations in the Pulsating Aurora
Authors: Chen Rui , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Gao Xinliang , Lu Quanming , Tsurutani Bruce T. , Hosokawa Keisuke , Hori Tomoaki , Ogawa Yasunobu , Oyama Shin‐Ichiro , Kasahara Yoshiya , Matsuda Shoya , Nakamura Satoko , Matsuoka Ayako , Shinohara Iku 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe report an Arase‐all sky imager (ASI) conjugate event in which the pulsating aurora (PsA) has a one‐to‐one correspondence with chorus bursts. Wavelet analysis displayed three peaks at ∼0.3 Hz, 4 Hz, and >10 Hz, corresponding to the main pulsation, internal modulation, and fast modulation, respectively. These correspond to the old terms of ∼5–15 s pulsations, chorus risers/elements and subelements/subpackets, respectively. Electron “microbursts” correspond to the 4‐Hz peak. The internal and fast modulations are further verified by the analysis based on fast Fourier transform analyses. Moreover, the spatial distributions of the Fourier spectral amplitude show that the internal and fast modulations are well‐structured within auroral patches. The above results indicate a paradigm shift away from quasilinear theory which implicitly assumes diffuse wave generation. The three time‐scale modulations are consistent with coherent chorus which has been theoretically argued to lead to pitch angle transport three orders of magnitude faster.
Multi‐Decadal Variability of Amundsen Sea Low Controlled by Natural Tropical and Anthropogenic Drivers
Authors: Dalaiden Quentin , Abram Nerilie J. , Goosse Hugues , Holland Paul R. , O’Connor Gemma K. , Topál Dániel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA crucial factor influencing the mass balance of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet is the Amundsen Sea Low (ASL), a climatological low‐pressure region situated off the West Antarctic coast. However, albeit the deepening of the ASL since the 1950s has been attributed to anthropogenic forcing, the multi‐decadal variability of the ASL remains poorly understood, because of a lack of long observations. Here, we apply a newly developed data assimilation method to reconstruct the ASL over 1870–2000. We study the forced and internal variability of the ASL using our new reconstruction in concert with existing large ensembles of climate model simulations. Our findings robustly demonstrate that an atmospheric teleconnection originating from the tropical Indo‐Pacific is the main driver of ASL variability at the multi‐decadal time scale, with resemblance to the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation. Since the mid‐20th century, anthropogenic forcing has emerged as a dominant contributor to the strengthening of the ASL.
Interactions and Multifrequency Radiation Characteristics of Bidirectional Leaders in Altitude‐Triggered Lightning
Authors: Fan Yanfeng , Zhang Yang , Lyu Weitao , Lu Gaopeng , Tian Yashun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAltitude‐triggered lightning provides favorable conditions for the research of bidirectional leader system. In the summer of 2023, altitude‐triggered lightning experiment was conducted on the Field Experiment Base on Lightning Sciences, China Meteorological Administration. The multifrequency radiation characteristics of bidirectional leaders and the interactions of both ends during the propagation are analyzed. Specifically, the discharge processes that produce LF‐MF magnetic radiations from bidirectional leaders are revealed by high‐speed images, and these LF‐MF radiations correspond to the VHF radiations generated by bidirectional leaders well. Unlike the strong correlation between LF‐MF radiation strengths and discharge intensities, the VHF radiation strengths exhibit significant variation even among similar‐intensity discharge events, as VHF radiations correspond to the random and microscopic discharge processes associated with streamers. Furthermore, the changes in leader speed and channel brightness before and after the initiation of bidirectional leaders indicate that the development of the two ends of bidirectional leaders is mutually reinforcing.
Reductions in Forest Resilience: Unraveling the Decoupling Between Gross Primary Productivity and Photosynthetic Efficiency
Authors: Zhang Yu , Liu Xiaohong , Wang Lixin , Zeng Xiaomin , Zhao Liangju , Wu Xiuchen , Luo Zhaohui , Yan Jianwu , Hong Yixue , Li Xing , Xiao Jingfeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEcosystem‐scale photosynthetic efficiency (EPE) is proposed as an effective indicator to quantify gross primary productivity (GPP), but how the coupling between EPE and GPP varies as vegetation resilience decreases has not been evaluated. Here, we quantified forest resilience with optimized Bayesian models. With the use of multisource satellite and modeling data, our study revealed that forests on the Loess Plateau and in the Qinba Mountains in China are experiencing rapid resilience loss and are already facing mortality warnings after 2010. Reductions in resilience also drove the marked decoupling of GPP from EPE. Notably, the decline in resilience was accompanied by a decrease in EPE in about 74% of the forests while GPP increased. The mechanism underlying this decoupling could be attributed to enhanced atmospheric water demand and soil water constraints. The dynamic relationships found here could help to improve forest mortality models and enhance photosynthesis‐based GPP evaluation.
GOLD Observations of the Thermospheric Response to the 10–12 May 2024 Gannon Superstorm
Authors: Evans J. S. , Correira J. , Lumpe J. D. , Eastes R. W. , Gan Q. , Laskar F. I. , Aryal S. , Wang W. , Burns A. G. , Beland S. , Cai X. , Codrescu M. , England S. , Greer K. , Krywonos A. , McClintock W. E. , Plummer T. , Veibell V. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAfter days of intense solar activity, active region AR3664 launched seven CMEs toward Earth producing an extreme G5 geomagnetic storm commencing at 17:05 UT on 10 May 2024. The storm impacted power grids, disrupted precision navigational systems used by farming equipment, and generated aurora seen around the globe. The storm produced remarkable effects on composition, temperature, and dynamics in the Earth's thermosphere that were observed by NASA's Global‐scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) mission and are reported here for the first time. We use synoptic disk images of ΣO/N2 and neutral temperature (at ∼160 km) measured by GOLD to directly link dynamics resulting from the storm with dramatic changes in thermospheric composition and temperature. We observe a heretofore unseen spatial morphology simultaneously in ΣO/N2, neutral temperature, and total electron content. Equator‐to‐pole temperature differences reach 400 K with high latitude peak neutral temperatures near 160 km exceeding 1400 K.
QACDes: QoS-aware context-sensitive design of cyber-physical systems
Authors: Sidhanta Subhajit , Chokwitthaya Chanachok , Zhu Yimin , Mukhopadhyay Supratik 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThere is a lot of confusion and ambiguity regarding the quantification of the Quality of Service (QoS) of a system, especially for cyber-physical systems (CPS) involved in automating or controlling the operations in built environments and critical urban infrastructures, such as office buildings, factories, transportation systems, smart cities, etc. In these cases, the QoS, as experienced by human users, depends on the context in which they (i.e., humans) interact with these systems. Traditionally, the QoS of a CPS has been defined in terms of absolute metrics. Such measures are unable to take into account the variations in performance due to contextual factors arising out of different kinds of human interactions. Further, the QoS of a CPS has typically been evaluated by comparing the performance of the actual, fully realized system with the given QoS constraints only after the actual system has been completely developed. In the case of faults in the design exposed by observed deviations from the QoS constraints due to unpredicted variations in the contextual factors, the system needs to be re-designed and re-developed from scratch. Due to the above-mentioned reason, the validation approach associated with the traditional QoS makes the design of CPS systems prohibitively expensive, impractical, as well as infeasible in numerous application areas, such as civil and engineering works, since it may not be possible to modify the system once developed beyond a certain extent. To that end, we propose a context-aware definition of QoS of a CPS which facilitates the design of robust systems as elaborated below. In this paper, we define QoS as a function of contextual factors. A CPS designed according to our QoS specifications would always satisfy the QoS irrespective of any possible changes in contextual factors resulting from many different human interactions that may occur during operation of the system. We also present QACDes - a novel framework that provides a formal mechanism for validating the design of a CPS with respect to the specified QoS constraints at the design phase as well as after the realization of the actual system. QACDes can validate any given CPS, irrespective of its application domain, against a QoS guarantee: (A) as early as even before the design phase by comparing the proposed model with a baseline model, or (B) after the realization of the actual system based on logs collected from running the actual system. We consider a lighting control system that manages the light switches - switching it on/off depending on contextual factors, such as the presence of occupants and time of the day. Using the lighting control system in a building as a use case, we analyze and demonstrate the effectiveness of our QoS definition as well as the QACDes framework against the performance metric measured in an actual fully-realized CPS.