bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Aerosolized Tissue Plasminogen Activator in the Treatment of Plastic Bronchitis
Authors: Lubcke Nicole L , Nussbaum Vicki M , Schroth Mary 
Published: February 2013

OBJECTIVE To present a case of nebulized tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) treatment for symptomatic plastic bronchitis in a pediatric patient years after a Fontan procedure. CASE SUMMARY A 13-year-old boy with a history of corrected congenital heart disease was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit after 2 weeks of worsening respiratory distress. A chest radiograph and subsequent bronchoscopy revealed extensive mucus plugging due to plastic bronchitis. Casts reaccumulated quickly after manual removal of the mucus and a regimen of aerosolized t-PA was initiated to break down the casts and prevent further cast formation over the 17-day hospital course. The treatment was successful and the patient was discharged home without evidence of bronchial casts. DISCUSSION Plastic bronchitis is a potentially devastating condition in which pulmonary infiltrates line the bronchial tree, forming casts and prohibiting effective oxygen exchange. There are few effective treatment options for this condition. The use of aerosolized t-PA for the treatment of plastic bronchitis has been reported to be safe and effective in 4 cases but no consistent regimen, dose, or duration of treatment has been established. CONCLUSIONS t-PA can be nebulized and inhaled for successful inhibition of bronchial cast formation. More information to determine the most effective dose and duration of therapy is needed to effectively improve the lives of people with plastic bronchitis.
A fractional Yamabe flow and some applications
Authors: Jin Tianling , Xiong Jingang 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

We introduce a fractional Yamabe flow involving nonlocal conformally invariant operators on the conformal infinity of asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds, and show that on the conformal spheres

(

𝕊
n

,

[

g

𝕊
n

]

)

$(\mathbb {S}^n,[g_{\mathbb {S}^n}])$

, it converges to the standard sphere up to a Möbius diffeomorphism. These arguments can be applied to obtain extinction profiles of solutions of some fractional porous medium equations.
In the end, we use this fractional fast diffusion equation, together with its extinction profile and some estimates of its extinction time, to improve a Sobolev inequality via a quantitative estimate of the remainder term.
Synthesis and chemistry of structurally unique hexasubstituted pyrazolines
Authors: Baumstark Alfons L. , Vasquez Pedro C. , McTush-Camp Davita 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
A review focused on our contributions to the synthesis and chemistry of hexasubstituted pyrazolines is presented. The development of a synthetic route to pentasubstituted 2H-pyrazoles 1 provides the key starting materials that are used in the synthesis of several unique series of highly substituted pyrazolines 2–6. Thermolysis of pyrazolines 2–4 allows the facile synthesis of hexasubstituted cyclopropanes. Autoxidation of pentasubstituted 2H-pyrazoles 1 in acetone produces a series of hydroperoxy substituted pyrazolines 5 which are effective oxygen-atom transfer reagents. The thermal decomposition of 5 produces β-keto radicals, the transformation of which in the presence of oxygen provides a good route for the synthesis of 3-hydroxy-1,2-dioxolanes. The reaction of tosyl chloride with a pentasubstituted 2H-pyrazole yields a chloro-substituted pyrazoline 6 rather than the expected N-tosyl product. Thermolysis of 6 yields products, the structure of which is consistent with the formation of an unstable intermediate chloro-substituted cyclopropane.
Unique continuation and continuous dependence results for a severely ill-posed integrodifferential parabolic problem with a memory term in the principal part of the differential operator
Authors: Lorenzi Alfredo , Messina Francesca 
Published: February 2013

Abstract.
We prove uniqueness and continuous dependence results for a severely ill-posed linear integrodifferential
boundary-value parabolic problem with no initial condition. This latter condition is replaced with an additional
boundary information prescribing the temperature on an open subset of the geometric domain .

The integral operators entering the equation are defined by integrals of Volterra type with respect to time. In particular, the class of integrodifferential equations dealt with in this paper include those occurring in the linear
theory of heat flow in a rigid body consisting of a material with thermal memory.
Electrolysis of Alcohols in High Temperature-High Pressure Water
Authors: Yuksel Asli , Sasaki Mitsuru , Goto Motonobu 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThe design of clean, efficient and environmentally friendly routes that reduce the waste production and fuel emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere, produce clean, affordable, and renewable energy sources to lessen energy consumption and toxicity on the environment, has become a central issue of chemical research both in industry and academia. One of the approaches being used in green chemistry practices is to use water as a solvent and reaction medium where possible. Much of this work deals with liquid water at temperatures exceeding the normal boiling point which is denoted as sub-critical water.Electrochemical reaction, usually operated at atmospheric condition in water, is generally slow, although it has advantages over chemical reaction such as suppression of side reaction by tuning operating conditions. Since sub-critical water (7 MPa and 250 °C) has remarkable properties such as high ion product and low dielectric constant, it could be a suitable reaction media.We have been studying electrolysis of organic compounds in sub-critical water as waste treatment and molecular degradation technologies. Electrolysis in sub-critical water could degrade harmful and thermally stable organic compounds into innocuous compounds such as hydrogen and water. In this research, we focused on the investigation of the electrochemical reactions of alcohols in sub-critical water to evaluate possibility for the selective production of hydrogen and value-added chemicals.Electrochemical reactions were carried out in sub-critical water using a specially designed autoclave made of SS 316 with a volume of 500 mL. For comparison, thermal degradation experiments of alcohols were also conducted without any direct current loading at identical conditions. Here we employed glycerol and 1-butanol as model compounds of alcohols.As a result of 1-butanol experiments, butanal and butyric acid were produced via partial oxidation at 250 °C and by applying 1-3 A of direct current while no oxidation products were observed at the hydrothermal degradation run. As a gaseous product, hydrogen gas was generated according to the electrochemical reaction mechanism. In the case of glycerol experiments, the main gaseous product was hydrogen gas, whereas glycolaldehyde, lactic acid, and formic acid were generated as the main liquid products at 280 °C. Results indicated that greater than 92% of the glycerol could be decomposed under optimum conditions by hydrothermal electrolysis technique.This presented research will help to degrade stable organic materials in an environmentally friendly way and without need for secondary treatment processes. It will also address the need for novel more efficient techniques for the degradation of stable organic compounds in aqueous conditions and it will advance the use of water as a reaction medium in an efficient way without any organic solvent.
Fabrication of DLC-Based Micro-Gear Patterns by Room-Temperature Curing Nanoimprint Lithography Using Glass-Like Carbon Molds
Authors: Kiyohara Shuji , Ikegaki Tomu , Ito Chigaya , Ishikawa Ippei , Tanoue Hideto , Takikawa Hirofumi , Taguchi Yoshio , Sugiyama Yoshinari , Omata Yukiko , Kurashima Yuichi 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThe fabrication of diamond-like carbon (DLC) micro-gear by room temperature curing nanoimprint lithography (RTC-NIL) using glass-like carbon (GC) molds as applications to the DLC-based medical MEMS (Micro Electronic Mechanical Systems) was investigated. The DLC film which has excellent properties similar to chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond films was used as the patterning material. We propose GC as mold material because GC has higher etching selectivity than a diamond film. The etching selectivity of polysiloxane film against a GC substrate is about 5 times as high as that of a diamond film. Therefore we fabricated the GC molds that have micro-gear patterns with 30 µm-tip diameter and 500 nm-tooth thickness. We carried out the RTC-NIL process using the GC micro-gear molds under the following optimum conditions. 1 min-time from spin-coating to imprint: t1, 0.5 MPa-imprinting pressure: P and 5 min-holding time: t2, and then the imprinted polysiloxane pattern on DLC film was processed with an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) oxygen ion shower. However, we were not able to fabricate micro-gear patterns in high accuracy because of a remaining residual layer on the DLC film. Therefore we propose the removing process for the residual layer with trifluoromethane (CHF3) ion shower under the optimum conditions of 300 eV-ion energy and 4 min-etching time. As a result, we succeeded to fabricate concave DLC-based micro-gear patterns in high accuracy which has 30 µm-tip diameter and 1 µm-depth.
Production of Silicon by Solid Oxide Membrane-Based Electrolysis Process
Authors: Jiang Yihong , Xu JiaPeng , Guan Xiaofei , Pal Uday B. , Basu Soumendra N. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThe solid oxide membrane (SOM) electrolysis process has been successfully tested on a laboratory scale to produce silicon directly from silica in a cost-effective and eco-friendly way. A one-end-closed yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) tube was employed to separate a molten salt containing dissolved silica from a liquid metal anode placed inside the YSZ tube. When an applied electric potential between a liquid tin cathode in the molten salt and the anode exceeds the dissociation potential of silica, oxygen ions are transported out of the molten salt through the YSZ membrane and oxidized at the anode while the silicon cations in the flux are reduced to silicon on the surface of the liquid tin cathode. A potentiodynamic scan (PDS) was performed to determine the dissociation potential of silica in the molten salt system. Electrolysis was performed at 1.05 V for 8 hours. The presence of high-purity silicon crystals on the surface of liquid tin cathode was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).
Bayesian History Matching and Uncertainty Quantification under Sparse Priors: A Randomized Maximum Likelihood Approach
Authors: Khaninezhad Momammadreza M. , Jafarpour Behnam 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Despite their apparent high dimensionality, spatially distributed reservoir properties can often be compactly (sparsely) described in a properly designed basis. Hence estimation of high-dimensional reservoir flow properties from dynamic performance data, a.k.a. history matching, can be formulated and solved as a sparse reconstruction inverse problem. Recent advances in statistical signal processing, formalized under the compressed sensing paradigm, provide important guidelines on formulating and solving sparse inverse problems, primarily for linear models. Sparse inverse problems have been mainly formulated as a deterministic inverse problem. Given the uncertainty in describing the reservoir properties, even after integration of the dynamic data, it is important to develop a practical sparse Bayesian inversion framework to enable uncertainty quantification. We use sparse geologic dictionaries to compactly represent uncertain reservoir properties and develop a sparse Bayesian approach for effective data integration and uncertainty quantification. In formulating the Bayesian inversion, commonly used Gaussian distributions are not appropriate for representing sparse prior models. Following the results presented by the compressed sensing paradigm, Laplace (or double exponential) probability distributions are appropriate for representing sparse parameters. However, combining Laplace priors with frequently used Gaussian likelihood functions leads to neither Laplace nor Gaussian posterior distributions, thereby complicating the analytical characterization of the posterior distribution. Here, we first express the form of the Maximum A-Posteriori (MAP) estimate for Laplace priors, and then, as a practical approximation, use the Monte-Carlo-based Randomize Maximum Likelihood (RML) method to sample from the derived posterior distribution for uncertainty quantification. The Sparse RML (SpRML) realizations are approximate samples from the posterior distribution and provide a mechanism for assessing the uncertainty in the calibrated reservoir model with a relatively modest computational complexity. We demonstrate the suitability and effectiveness of the proposed SpRML formulation with a synthetic dataset and the model adapted from the PUNQ-S3 benchmark reservoir.
Around rationality of cycles
Authors: Fino Raphaël 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
We prove certain results comparing rationality of algebraic cycles over the function field of a quadric and over the base field. These results have already been obtained by Alexander Vishik in the case of characteristic 0, which allowed him to work with algebraic cobordism theory. Our proofs use the modulo 2 Steenrod operations in the Chow theory and work in any characteristic ≠ 2.
Pleistocene glacial morphology and timing of last glacial cycle in cantabrian mountains (Northern Spain): new chronological data from the Asón area
Authors: Frochoso Manuel , González-Pellejero Raquel , Allende Fernando 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe timing of the local last glacial maximum in the mountains of the Northern Iberian Peninsula is not synchronous with the global Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) probably due to the marginal position of the Northern Iberian Peninsula within the European continent. The study of a Cantabrian massif, the Asón platform and summits, provides new data on the extent and timing of the local last glaciation. Here we can place the last maximal extent of glaciers during Early Würm, according to OSL dating on till samples. The main glaciers developed at least between 78-65 ka BP, well centred on MIS 4 and even the transition to MIS 5. The erosive efficacy of these glaciers decreased later, ca. 45–40 ka BP, until they abruptly disappeared from the edges of the massif. A new ice advance left well-defined moraines at the edges of the massif’s internal depressions, indicating a tongue disjunction phase with two glacier sub-stages, probably one at the beginning of the cooling ca. 27–25 ka BP, followed by a retreat and another glacial advance ca. 21–18 ka BP. After these episodes the glaciers disappeared from the Asón Mountains and only some residual glaciers were formed that may be related to the LGM.
Assessment of bioclimatic comfort conditions based on Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET) using the RayMan Model in Iran
Authors: Daneshvar Mohammad , Bagherzadeh Ali , Tavousi Taghi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn this study thermal comfort conditions are analyzed to determine possible thermal perceptions during different months in Iran through the Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET). The monthly PET values produced using the RayMan Model ranged from −7.6°C to 46.8°C. Over the winter months the thermal comfort condition (18–23°C) were concentrated in southern coastal areas along the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Most of the country experienced comfort conditions during the spring months, in particular in April, while during the summer months of July and August no thermal comfort conditions were observed. In November coastal areas of the Caspian Sea had the same physiological stress level of thermal comfort as April. The map produced showing mean annual PET conditions demonstrated the greatest spatial distribution of comfortable levels in the elevation range from 1000 to 2000 meter a.s.l., with annual temperatures of 12–20°C and annual precipitation of under 200 mm. The statistical relationship between PET conditions and each controlling parameter revealed a significant correlation in areas above 2000 meter, annual temperature over 20°C and annual precipitation of 200–400 mm with a correlation coefficient (R 2) of 0.91, 0.97 and 0.96, respectively.
Perceived health status among middle-aged Polish people in relation to selected demographic and social factors
Authors: Kaczmarek Maria , Skrzypczak Magdalena 
Published: February 2013

Self-rated health is an important measure of health status and outcomes and plays a significant role in the quality of life. The main purpose of the study was to estimate selected demographic and socio-economic factors associated with perceived health status among middle-aged Polish people.
The sample being studied consisted of 5,776 women and 2,191 men aged 35–65 years, participants of two nation-wide cross-sectional surveys: the survey on middle-aged women’s health and quality of life (WOMID) and the survey on men’s health and quality of life, both conducted in 2000–2004. Participants were administered a gender-specific questionnaire on demographic, socio-economic status, lifestyle behaviours and self-rated health. The subjectively evaluated health status was then correlated with sex, age, marital status, place of residence, education level, financial situation, types of leisure time and the tobacco use. Data were processed using uni- and multivariate statistical procedures including the logistic regression models LOGITs and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). It was found that the perceived health status was associated with women’s and men’s age, and in women with their menopausal status. Women were likely to evaluate their health significantly worse than men. It was found that marital status, educational attainment and financial well-off were the factors significantly associated with perceived health status in both women and men. In concluding remarks it should be stated that the health perception of women and men in mid-life is significantly related to their socio-economic status.
Early Aptian bay deposits at the southern margin of the Lower Saxony Basin: Integrated Stratigraphy, palaeoenvironment and Oae 1a
Authors: Lehmann Jens , Friedrich Oliver , Von Bargen Dieter , Hemker Thomas 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
Lehmann, J., Friedrich, O., von Bargen, D. and Hemker, T. 2012. Early Aptian bay deposits at the southern margin of the lower Saxony Basin: Integrated stratigraphy, palaeoenvironment and OAE 1a. Acta Geologica Polonica, 62 (1), 35-62. Warszawa.
The present study establishes a lithostratigraphic subdivision, a bio- and chemostratigraphy and describes the sedimentology of the Alstatte Bay at the southern margin of the Lower Saxony Basin in northern Germany. The socalled Fischschiefer is developed in the lower part of the section, a 2.1 m thick laminated interval that shows TOC values of up to 2 % and is interpreted as local expression of the global Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a (OAE 1a). The basal part of the Fischschiefer is fairly continuously laminated, whereas its upper part is characterized by an alternation of laminated and non-laminated beds. Stable carbon isotopes (δ13 C carb ) show a characteristic pattern for the Fischschiefer interval that can be correlated with sections from the Tethyan Realm. Immediately above the Fischschiefer, however, the studied section might reveal a diagenetic overprint as indicated by very negative carbon stable isotope values. The remaining part of the section is characterized by a rather monotonous claystone succession, terminated by a greenish layer rich in glauconite overlain by glacial till of Pleistocene age. The fauna is typically Boreal in the lower part of the section, but changes around 2 m above the Fischschiefer towards an assemblage indicating a distinct Tethyan influx. The faunal shift is considered to be due to the maximum flooding of the continuous, long-term sea level rise of the Early Aptian which led also to a supposed shift from a restricted to open bay environment.
Stability relationships of REE-bearing phosphates in an alkali-rich system (nepheline syenite from the Mariupol Massif, SE Ukraine)
Authors: Dumańska-Słowik Magdalena , Budzyń Bartosz , Heflik Wiesław , Sikorska Magdalena 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
Dumańska-Słowik, M., Budzyń, B., Heflik, W. and Sikorska, M. 2012. Stability relationships of REE-bearing phosphates in an alkali-rich system (nepheline syenite from the Mariupol Massif, SE Ukraine). Acta Geologica Polonica, 62 (2), 247-265. Primary REE-enriched fluorapatite and fluorbritholite-(Ce) in nepheline syenite from the Mariupol Massif (SE Ukraine), contain textural and chemical evidence of late- to post-magmatic metasomatic alteration. REE mobilization and replacement of the primary phases by fluid-mediated coupled dissolution-reprecipitation strongly depended on the distance between the altered minerals in the host rock. Fluorapatite and fluorbritholite-(Ce) forming individual pristine grains were partially replaced by the same phase with a new composition, resulting in the presence of patchy zoning in altered grains. The increased REE contents in altered fluorapatite rim domains are related to REE mobilization from the altered REE-depleted rim domains of the fluorbritholite-(Ce). The REEs were transported by a fluid with high F activity. The alteration of fluorapatite and fluorbritholite-(Ce) grains in contact resulted in the partial replacement of the primary phases by the same phase with a new composition, but also in the partial replacement of the fluorapatite by secondary monazite and fluorite. The REE mobilized from the fluorbritholite-(Ce) in the presence of a F-rich fluid in an alkali-rich system promoted formation of monazite as the new phosphate REE-host. The presence of secondary parisite in the altered domains of the fluorapatite and fluorbritholite-(Ce) indicates a CO 2 component in the fluid during metasomatic alteration.
Sedimentology and ichnology of Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays at Gnaszyn, Kraków- Silesia Homocline, Poland
Authors: Leonowicz Paulina 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
Leonowicz, P. 2012. Sedimentology and ichnology of Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays at Gnaszyn, Krakow-Silesia Homocline, Poland. Acta Geologica Polonica, 62 (3), 281-296. Warszawa.
The lithology, sedimentary structures and trace fossil association from the Bathonian organic-rich mudstones from Krakow-Silesia Homocline (SW Poland) are described and a preliminary interpretation of the palaeoenvironment is presented. The ore-bearing clays exposed in the Gnaszyn clay-pit are developed as dark grey claysilt deposits with a few horizons of sideritic concretions. Sedimentological analysis has revealed that these deposits originated in the offshore part of a marine basin, below the fair weather wave base. Relict parallel lamination suggests that the predominant mechanism of deposition was quiet settling from suspension. However, locally preserved storm deposits indicate that the sea bottom was affected by offshore flows, deriving coarser material from the nearshore area. The degree of bioturbation is high but the diversity of the trace-fossil association is low. It consists mainly of Chondrites, Trichichnus, pyritized burrows and less common Palaeophycus. Other traces, including Thalassinoides, Planolites, Taenidium and some undetermined burrows, occur mainly in the lower part of the succession. This ichnoassociation combines features of distal Cruziana and Zoophycos ichnofacies, suggesting poor oxygenation of the bottom sediment. Temporary improvements in bottom oxygenation, linked with more intense mixing of water during major storms, resulted in the more diverse trace fossil suite that is found in some intervals of the succession.