bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sini san regulates intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids to ameliorate hepatocyte apoptosis and relieve CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in mice
Authors: Wu Qiong , Zhu Fangsi , Yao Yu , Chen Luyun , Ding Yijie , Su Yong , Ge Chaoliang 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSi-Ni-San (SNS), a traditional Chinese medicine, is effective in treating liver fibrosis with an unclear mechanism. Although disturbance of intestinal flora and the subsequent secretion of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) is suggested to be involved in the progression of liver fibrosis, whether SNS produces the anti-fibrosis effect through the regulation of intestinal flora and SCFAs remains unclear.MethodsIn the current study, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-treated mice were dosed with SNS to examine the anti-fibrotic effects and the involved mechanism. Biochemical parameters, histological staining, and analyses of fibrotic gene expression were used to evaluate the anti-fibrotic effect of SNS, while intestinal flora and SCFA content were determined by 16S rRNA and LC–MS to evaluate the mechanism.ResultsIn vivo results showed that SNS improved liver function, reduced hepatocyte apoptosis and FFAR2/3 expression, and restored intestinal dysbiosis and reduced PA, BA, and IsA levels. In vitro experiments showed that PA, BA, and IsA exacerbated TNF-α-induced HepG2 apoptosis. Notably, the protective effects of SNS were compromised in pseudo-sterile mice.DiscussionIn conclusion, our experimental results suggest that the disturbance in intestinal flora results in elevated SCFA levels, which further exacerbates hepatocyte apoptosis in liver fibrosis, while SNS suppresses CCl4-induced liver fibrosis at least partially by reinstating intestinal flora homeostasis and reducing SCFA levels.
The impact of high-altitude migration on cardiac structure and function: a 1-year prospective study
Authors: Deng Ming-Dan , Zhang Xin-Jie , Feng Qin , Wang Rui , He Fen , Yang Feng-Wu , Liu Xian-Mei , Sun Fei-Fei , Tao Jie , Li Shuang , Chen Zhong 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe trend of human migration to terrestrial high altitudes (HA) has been increasing over the years. However, no published prospective studies exist with follow-up periods exceeding 1 month to investigate the cardiac change. This prospective study aimed to investigate the changes in cardiac structure and function in healthy young male lowlanders following long-term migration to HA.MethodsA total of 122 Chinese healthy young males were divided into 2 groups: those migrating to altitudes between 3600 m and 4000 m (low HA group, n = 65) and those migrating to altitudes between 4000 m and 4700 m (high HA group, n = 57). Traditional echocardiographic parameters were measured at sea level, 1 month and 1 year after migration to HA.ResultsAll 4 cardiac chamber dimensions, areas, and volumes decreased after both 1 month and 1 year of HA exposure. This reduction was more pronounced in the high HA group than in the low HA group. Bi-ventricular diastolic function decreased after 1 month of HA exposure, while systolic function decreased after 1 year. Notably, these functional changes were not significantly influenced by altitude differences. Dilation of the pulmonary artery and a progressive increase in pulmonary artery systolic pressure were observed with both increasing exposure time and altitude. Additionally, a decreased diameter of the inferior vena cava and reduced bicuspid and tricuspid blood flow velocity indicated reduced blood flow following migration to the HA.Discussion1 year of migration to HA is associated with decreased blood volume and enhanced hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. These factors contribute to reduced cardiac chamber size and slight declines in bi-ventricular function.
Characterization of a Nicotiana tabacum phytochelatin synthase 1 and its response to cadmium stress
Authors: Wu Chanjuan , Zhang Jie , Chen Mei , Liu Jikai , Tang Yunlai 
Published: August 2024

Phytochelatin synthase (PCS) is a critical enzyme involved in heavy metal detoxification in organisms. In this study, we aim to comprehensively investigate the molecular and functional characteristics of the PCS1 gene from Nicotiana tabacum by examining its enzymatic activity, tissue-specific expression pattern, Cd-induced expression, as well as the impact on Cd tolerance and accumulation. The results demonstrated that the amino acid sequence of NtPCS1 shared a high similarity in its N-terminal region with PCS from other species. The enzymatic activity of NtPCS1 was found to be enhanced in the order Ag2+ &gt; Cd2+ &gt; Cu2+ &gt; Pb2+ &gt; Hg2+ &gt; Fe2+ &gt; Zn2+. In addition, RT-PCR data indicated that NtPCS1 gene is constitutively expressed, with the highest expression observed in flowers, and that its transcript levels are up-regulated by CdCl2. When tobacco overexpressing NtPCS1 (PCS1 lines) were grown under CdCl2 stress, they produced more phytochelatins (PCs) than WT plants, but this did not result in increased Cd accumulation. However, in a root growth assay, the PCS1 lines exhibited hypersensitivity to Cd. The overexpression of NtPCS1 itself does not appear to be the primary cause of this heightened sensitivity to Cd, as the Arabidopsis thaliana Atpcs1 mutant overexpressing NtPCS1 actually exhibited enhanced tolerance to Cd. Furthermore, the addition of exogenous glutathione (GSH) progressively reduced the Cd hypersensitivity of the PCS1 lines, with the hypersensitivity even being completely eliminated. Surprisingly, the application of exogenous GSH led to a remarkably enhanced Cd accumulation in the PCS1 lines. This study enriches our understanding of the molecular function of the NtPCS1 gene and suggests a promising avenue for Cd tolerance through the heterologous expression of PCS genes in different species.
Analysis on the epidemiological and drug resistance characteristics of osteoarticular tuberculosis in South-central China
Authors: Fang Tanwei , Yang Shuliu , Liu Binbin , Li Wenbin , Sun Qing , Liu Haican , Yu Yanyan , Xiang Yu , Li Machao , Guo Yi , Li Jixiang , Zhao Xiuqin , Zhao Li-li , Wan Kanglin , Li Guilian , Yuan Xiuqin , Tan Yunhong 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveOsteoarticular tuberculosis (OATB) is one of the most common forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis; however, limited epidemiological data are available on this public health concern worldwide, especially in developing countries. This study aimed to analyze the clinical epidemiology and drug resistance characteristics of OATB cases in Hunan province which located in South-central China.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled OATB patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture positive at Hunan Chest Hospital from January 2013 through March 31, 2022. The multiple demographic, clinical variables and drug susceptibility data of the patients were collected from the hospital’s electronic patient records. Descriptive statistical methods, Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were employed as statistical methods.ResultsOf the 269 OATB cases, 197 (73.23%) were males, 206 (76.85%) were farmers; patients’ ages ranged from 5 to 85 years, 57 (21.19%) aged at 20–29 years old and 52 (19.33%) aged at 60–69 years old. In terms of the disease, 177 (65.80%) had spinal TB with most occurrence in lumbar vertebrae (26.02%, 70/269), multiple spinal sites (18.96%, 51/269) and thoracic vertebrae (15.24%, 41/269). Outside of the spine, OATB mainly occurred in the lower limb (13.38%, 36/269). In terms of drug resistance, 40 (14.87%) and 72 (26.77%) were resistant to rifampicin (RFP) and isoniazid (INH) respectively; 38 (14.13%) were multi-drug resistant (MDR), and a total of 78 (29.00%) isolates were drug resistant. OATB patients aged 40–49 years old (compared to those aged ≥70 years) and from the west of Hunan province, China (compared to those from the center of Hunan) were at risk for developing RR/MDR (ORs were 5.057 and 4.942, respectively; 95% CIs were 1.009–25.342 and 1.458–16.750, respectively).ConclusionIn South-central China, OATB mainly affected males, farmers and those aged 20–29 and 60–69 years old. Spinal TB is prone to occur in the lumbar and multiple spinal sites. The resistance situation of OATB was serious, and people aged 40–49 years old and patients from the west of Hunan were risk factors of RR/MDR. All these findings will help to improve the prevention, diagnosis and treatment strategies of OATB.
SF6 Negative Ion Formation in Charge Transfer Experiments
Authors: Kumar Sarvesh , Hoshino Masamitsu , Kerkeni Boutheïna , García Gustavo , Ouerfelli Ghofrane , Al-Mogren Muneerah Mogren , Limão-Vieira Paulo 
Published: August 2024

In the present work, we report an update and extension of the previous ion-pair formation study of Hubers, M.M.; Los, J. Chem. Phys. 1975, 10, 235–259, noting new fragment anions from time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The branching ratios obtained from the negative ions formed in K + SF6 collisions, in a wide energy range from 10.7 up to 213.1 eV in the centre-of-mass frame, show that the main anion is assigned to SF5− and contributing to more than 70% of the total ion yield, followed by the non-dissociated parent anion SF6− and F−. Other less intense anions amounting to <20% are assigned to SF3− and F2−, while a trace contribution at 32u is tentatively assigned to S− formation, although the rather complex intramolecular energy redistribution within the temporary negative ion is formed during the collision. An energy loss spectrum of potassium cation post-collision is recorded showing features that have been assigned with the help of theoretical calculations. Quantum chemical calculations for the lowest-lying unoccupied molecular orbitals in the presence of a potassium atom are performed to support the experimental findings. Apart from the role of the different resonances participating in the formation of different anions, the role of higher-lying electronic-excited states of Rydberg character are noted.
RIBA IN UMMAH ECONOMIC'S LIFE
Authors: Lubis Zulkarnain 
Published: August 2024

Dalam konteks syariah (hukum Islam) memakan riba termasuk salah satu dosa besar. Namun pada praktiknya masih banyak masyarakat yang bingung dengan praktik riba tersebut dalam kehidupan sehari-hari khususnya yang terkait dengan transaksi perbankan. Riba secara bahasa bermakna tambahan atau meminta kelebihan uang dari nilai awal. Secara lebih spesifik lagi riba adalah meminta tambahan uang dari pinjaman awal baik dalam transaksi jual beli maupun pinjam meminjam yang bertentangan dengan prinsip syariah Islam. Dalam hal ini pinjam meminjam atau jual beli tersebut masuk kategori transaksi yang haram. Misalnya si A memberi pinjaman kepada si B, dengan syarat si B harus mengembalikan uang pokok pinjaman beserta sekian persen tambahannya.
Riba sangat berdampak di tengah-tengah masyarakat tidak saja berpengaruh dalam kehidupan ekonomi, tetapi dalam seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia,adapun dampaknya adalah sebagai berikut:
(1).Riba dapat menimbulkan permusuhan antara pribadi dan mengurangi semangat kerjasama/saling menolong dengan sesama manusia. Dengan mengenakan tambahan kepada peminjam akan menimbulkan perasaan bahwa peminjam tidak tahu kesulitan dan tidak mau tahu kesulitan orang lain
(2).Menimbulkan tumbuhnya mental pemboros dan pemalas. Dengan membungakan uang, kreditur bisa mendapatkan tambahan penghasilan dari waktu kewaktu. Keadaan ini menimbulkan anggapan bahwa dalam jangka waktu yang tidak terbatas ia mendapatkan tambahan pendapatan rutin, sehingga menurunkan dinamisasi, inovasi dan kreativitas dalam bekerja;
(3).Riba merupakan salah satu bentuk penjajahan. Kreditur yang meminjamkan modal dengan menuntut pembayaran lebih kepada peminjam dengan nilai yang telah disepakati bersama;
(4).Menjadikan kreditur mempunyai legitimasi untuk melakukan tindakan-tindakan yang tidak baik untuk menuntut kesepakatan tersebut. Karena dalam kesepakatan, kreditur telah memperhitungkan keuntungan yang diperoleh dari kelebihan bunga yang akan diperoleh, dan itu sebenarnya hanya berupa pengharapan dan belum terwujud.
THE ROLE OF THE MOTHER IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF INHERITANCE
Authors: Uyuni Badrah , Wahidah Nurul , Sam Nadia , Wildan Muhammad , Zaky Muhammad 
Published: August 2024

Inheritance law according to Islamic law is a part of family law (al-Ahwalus Syahsiyah). This knowledge is very important to learn so that in the implementation of the distribution of inheritance there are no mistakes and it can be carried out in the fairest way, because by studying Islamic inheritance law for Muslims, they will be able to fulfill rights relating to inheritance after being abandoned by the muwarris (heir). and delivered to the heirs who are entitled to receive it. Thus, a person can avoid the sin of not eating someone's property that is not his right, because Islamic law regarding inheritance is not fulfilled. The legal system of inheritance does not differentiate between sons and daughters, between husband and wife, they are entitled to inheritance, and the son's share is twice that of the daughter's, the share of a wife or husband is the same, depending on whether there are children or not. . The author conducted research on several respondents to find out how the procedure for dividing inheritance in the community and how the role of a mother is in distributing the inheritance. This type of research method uses qualitative methods by interviewing several respondents.
Hukum Kewarisan menurut hukum Islam merupakan salah satu bagian dari hukum keluarga (al-Ahwalus Syahsiyah). Ilmu ini sangat penting dipelajari agar dalam pelaksanaan pembagian harta waris tidak terjadi kesalahan dan dapat dilaksanakan dengan seadil-adilnya, sebab dengan mempelajari hukum kewarisan Islam bagi umat Islam, akan dapat menunaikan hak-hak yang berkenaan dengan harta waris setelah ditinggalkan oleh muwarris (pewaris) dan disampaikan kepada ahli waris yang berhak untuk menerimanya. Dengan demikian,seseorang dapat terhindar dari dosa yakni tidak memakan harta orang yang bukan haknya, karena tidak ditunaikannya hukum Islam mengenai kewarisan. Sistem hukum kewarisan tidak membedakan antara anak laki-laki dan anak perempuan, antara suami dan isteri, mereka berhak terhadap harta warisan, dan bagian anak laki-laki dua kali dari bagian anak perempuan, bagian seorang isteri atau suami sama yaitu tergantung ada atau tidaknya anak. Penulis melakukan penelitian kepada beberapa responden untuk mengetahui bagaimana tatacara pembagian waris di tengah masyarakat dan bagaimana pula peran seorang ibu dalam pendistribusian waris tersebut. Jenis metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan cara mewanwancarai beberapa responden.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan, ASI Eksklusif dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita Usia 12-59 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tarusan Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Maywita Erni , Amran Rika 
Published: August 2024

The prevalence of stunting in West Sumatra in 2018 was 20.3%. Based on the West Sumatra Riskesdas report, the prevalence of stunting in South Pesisir Regency in 2018 was 19.73%. Tarusan Health Centre is one of the areas that contributes to the stunting prevalence rate. Based on the recap of monitoring nutritional status at the Tarusan Community Health Centre in February 2021, it was found that the prevalence of stunting was 8.9%. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding with the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 12 - 59 months in the Tarusan Health Centre Working Area in 2021. This type of research is analytical using a casecontrol design. This research was conducted in 2021 in the Tarusan Health Centre Working Area. The population in this study were mothers who had toddlers aged 12 - 59 months. Sample determination was carried out using the formula Paired case control study by classifying the case group and control group taken based on a 1:1 ratio with the results of the calculation of 130 cases and 130 controls. Sampling was carried out using proportional random sampling technique. Primary data collection was carried out using interview techniques using questionnaires. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate analysis to test the significant relationship between the level of maternal knowledge, exclusive breastfeeding, and the incidence of stunting in the Tarusan Health Centre Working Area using the chi square test at the 95% confidence level (p < 0.05). The results of the study 27.3% of toddlers were not exclusively breastfed. 20.8% of mothers of toddlers have low knowledge about nutrition. There was a significant association of breastfeeding (p = 0.26, OR value 1.9 (CI 95%)) and knowledge (p value = 0.047, OR value = 4.6) with the incidence of stunting. There is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding, knowledge and the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 12 - 59 months in the Taruran Health Centre working area in 2021, it is hoped that health workers can provide education and further encourage mothers to want to breastfeed their toddlers exclusively.
Analisis Sikap Masyarakat terhadap Lesbian, Gay, Biseks, Transgender (LGBT) di Kota X Sumatera Barat
Authors: Hanum Novia Zulfa , Rahmaddian Tosi , Fitria Fitria 
Published: August 2024

LGBT stands for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender. LGBT is a form of sex deviation more than adultery and ambulance. This research is a cross-sectional study with an analytical approach. population is carried out purposively, with a sample amount of 104 people. Results from 104 respondents, 63 respondents (60,6%) with negative categories, and 41 respondents (39,4%) with positive categories. The result shows the difference in positive attitudes (pro) and negative (contra) of the X city in West Sumatera, the existence of LGBT is not significant. The negative attitude on the religious basis looks at statements “The LGBT Employment is contrary to the religious teachings and great sins” with the respondent score respondent strongly agreed as 56.7% and agreed as much as 32.7% and “I will cover the LGBT friends to repent” with the respondent score respondent strongly agreed as 49% and agreed as 45.2%. Apart from religious reasons, the negative attitude of respondents towards LGBT was also shown in the statement "The existence of LGBT is a human right that deserves respect" with 49% of respondents responding strongly disagree and 39.4% disagreed. In further research, it is necessary to have the cooperation of various parties such as health workers, the community and religious leaders in assisting LGBT people.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Gizi dengan Pola Konsumsi pada Siswa SMP dan SMA PMT Prof. Dr. Hamka II Padang
Authors: Aisyiah Intan Kamala , Adhyka Nurmaines , Yurizali Bun 
Published: August 2024

Growth and development in adolescence is a crucial phase in an individual's life, with long-term impacts on health and quality of life in adulthood. Teenagers often face nutritional problems such as being overweight, underweight, and eating wrong patterns. Adolescent diet is very important in meeting nutritional needs for their growth and development. However, consumption patterns are often not by recommended nutritional standards. Nutritional knowledge plays an important role in forming a balanced consumption pattern. Although adolescents may be knowledgeable about balanced nutrition, other factors such as personal preference, the influence of friends, and the availability of less healthy foods can influence their food choices. This study aims to examine the relationship between nutritional knowledge and consumption patterns in adolescents, especially in Prof. Dr. Hamka II Padang junior high and high school. This research method is quantitative with an analytic survey research design using a cross-sectional approach. Data were collected from 59 junior and senior high school students and analyzed using univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square statistical test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between nutritional knowledge and consumption patterns in adolescents (p=0.018). Adolescents with good nutritional knowledge tend to have better consumption patterns, while adolescents with poor nutritional knowledge tend to have poor consumption patterns. Therefore, efforts are needed to increase adolescent nutrition knowledge and provide nutrition counseling regularly. This will help them make healthier food choices and support optimal growth and development.
METHODOLOGY OF TRAFFIC PRIORITIZATION IN SATELLITE COMMUNICATION CHANNELS BASED ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE. PART I. EVALUATION OF TRAFFIC TRANSMISSION DELAY
Authors: До Ф.Х. , Березкин А.А. , Бородко А.В. , Киричек Р.В. 
Published: August 2024

В исследовании представлен подход к построению спутниковых коммуникационных сетей, основанный на искусственном интеллекте для повышения эффективности спутниковой связи путем динамического прогнозирования и приоритизации трафика. Инновационный подход заключается в использовании моделей искусственного интеллекта, а именно многослойных персептронов, для точного определения различных типов трафика, который затем организуется в очереди в соответствии с назначенными уровнями приоритета для передачи по спутниковым коммуникационным сетям. В первой части статьи представлены подробная математическая модель прогнозирования, назначения приоритетов и метрик производительности передачи спутниковой коммуникационной сети и сравнительный анализ, демонстрирующий потенциальные улучшения по сравнению с традиционными подходами передачи трафика в плане снижения задержек.
This study introduces an approach for constructing satellite communication networks based on artificial intelligence to improve the efficiency of satellite communication by dynamically predicting and prioritizing traffic. For transmission over satellite communication networks, user traffic is organized into queues with priority according to the assigned priority levels for each type of traffic. The first part of the article presents a detailed mathematical model for predicting, assigning priorities, and measuring the performance of the transmission of a satellite communication network. The comparative analysis demonstrates potential improvements over traditional traffic transfer approaches in terms of delay reduction.