bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usefulness of deep sedation with intravenous dexmedetomidine and midazolam in cardiac catheterization procedures for pediatric patients
Authors: Nakamura Taichi , Iwasaki Hidenori , Miyazawa Hanae , Mizutomi Shinichiro , Imi Yoko , Ohta Kunio , Wada Taizo 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundDexmedetomidine (DEX) is a highly selective alpha 2 receptor agonist that has the advantage of causing less respiratory depression than other sedative agents. We evaluated the add-on effects of DEX on sedation among pediatric patients who received midazolam and pentazocine during cardiac catheterization.Methods120 cardiac catheterization procedures in 110 patients under deep sedation at Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University Hospital from January 2013 to August 2018: 63 procedures without DEX (i.e., non-DEX group) and 57 procedures with DEX (i.e., DEX group). Intravenous midazolam and pentazocine were used in both groups, and DEX without an initial loading dose (0.6 μg/kg/h) was used in the DEX group. We retrospectively investigated complications during catheterization, doses of sedative agents, and changes in vital signs.ResultsHypoxemia requiring oxygen administration during catheterization tended to be higher in the non-DEX group than in the DEX group (4.8% vs. 0%). Additional dose of midazolam was significantly lower in the DEX group (median [IQR]: 0.05 mg/kg [0–0.11]) than in the non-DEX group [0.09 mg/kg (0–0.23), p = 0.0288]. The additional dose of midazolam in the non-DEX group with hypoxemia was significantly higher than the dose used in the non-DEX group without hypoxemia. No case of bradycardia below the criteria for bradycardia occurred and no serious complications occurred in the DEX group.ConclusionThe use of intravenous DEX in combination with midazolam and pentazocine in pediatric cardiac catheterization may reduce the need for an additional dose of midazolam and may contribute to the prevention of airway complications associated with respiratory depression caused by sedative agents.
Breathing patterns during sleep and their relationship with FEV1 in pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis residing at high altitude
Authors: Duenas-Meza Elida , Proaños-Jurado Nadia Juliana , Pulido-Fentanes Sarah , Severiche-Bueno Diego F. , Escamilla-Gil María Isabel , Bazurto-Zapata Maria Angelica , Jurado Jenny Libeth , Suarez Miguel Ricardo , Giraldo-Cadavid Luis Fernando 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and gas exchange disorders are common in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Currently, the impact of the disease on sleep patterns in patients living at high altitude and the relationship of these patterns to lung function are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of SDB in children with CF aged 6–18 years and the relationship between SDB and lung function (FEV1).MethodsThis is an analytical cross-sectional study of children aged 6–18 years diagnosed with CF. Spirometry before and after bronchodilators and polysomnography with capnography were performed. Descriptive analysis of qualitative and continuous variables was performed. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation between polysomnogram and lung function (FEV1).ResultsTwenty-four patients with CF were included. The mean age was 10.5 ± 3.1 years and 62.5% were male. Nine children had bronchiectasis on chest CT. The median absolute baseline FEV1 was 1,880 (1,355–2,325) ml and 98% (83%–110%) of predicted value. No significant difference in FEV1% was observed between subjects with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and those without OSA (P = 0.56). The prevalence of OSA was 66.7% in children younger than 13 years and 40% in children older than 13 years. The Spearman correlation coefficient between FEV1 and percentage of total sleep time with saturation less than 90% (T90) was rho −0.52 (p-value = 0.018), and between FEV1 and percentage of total sleep time with saturation less than 85% (T85) was statistically significant with rho −0.45 (p-value = 0.041). A positive correlation was observed between FEV1 and SpO2 during sleep with rho 0.53 and a statistically significant p-value (0.014).ConclusionsA high prevalence of sleep apnea was found in children with CF living at high altitude, with a negative correlation between FEV1 and T90 and T85 oxygenation indices, and a positive correlation between FEV1 and SpO2 during sleep.
The predicative value of early quantitative electroencephalograph in epilepsy after severe traumatic brain injury in children
Authors: Bai Wei 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveTo explore whether early quantitative electroencephalograph (EEG) can predict the development of epilepsy in pediatric patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodsA total of 78 children with severe TBI who were admitted to our hospital were divided into post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) and non-PTE groups according to whether or not they developed PTE. EEGs of frontal, central and parietal lobes were recorded at the time of their admission. The power values of each frequency band, odds ratio and peak envelope power values of each brain region were statistically analyzed. In addition, the patients were followed up for two years, and the occurrence of PTE was documented.ResultsDuring the follow-up period, PTE occurred in 8 patients. Analysis of EEG signals across different brain regions (frontal, central, and parietal lobes) revealed significant differences between the PTE and non-PTE groups. Patients with PTE exhibited significantly higher δ and θ power values (P &lt; 0.01), lower α/θ ratios (P &lt; 0.01), and elevated θ/β, (δ + θ)/(α + β), and peak envelope power (P &lt; 0.01) compared to those in the non-PTE group.ConclusionIn children with severe TBI, the parameter characterization of early quantitative EEG has potential application in predicting PTE.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on respiratory failure caused by respiratory viruses in children and adolescents
Authors: Gama Thiago Belem , Ferraro Alexandre A. , Vieira Sandra E. 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundIn addition to the direct impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on child/adolescent health, changes in infections caused by other viruses have been observed. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza are important agents of acute respiratory failure (ARF) in these age groups. This study presents an analysis of the influence of the pandemic on the seasonal and clinical patterns of ARF caused by RSV and influenza.MethodsA retrospective ecological study was performed. The data of individuals younger than 20 years who were hospitalized with ARF and who were diagnosed with RSV, influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) between 2019 and 2022 were analysed. The data were collected from the governmental system.ResultsAmong 367,136 individuals, the incidence of ARF increased annually. During the pandemic, the number of infected schoolchildren, adolescents, and nonwhite people; intensive care admissions; and mortality rates increased. Older age, SARS-CoV-2 infection, and residence in North Brazil/Northeast Brazil were associated with lower odds of intensive care unit admission but greater odds of death. Comorbidities were important risk factors for severe disease. There was a drastic reduction in the number of RSV and influenza infections, with a resurgence in 2021. After the resurgence in 2021, the number of influenza-related deaths remained above the 2019 level, which did not occur in 2022. After 2021, RSV infection was associated with greater odds of intensive care admission but not death.ConclusionsDuring the pandemic, older children, adolescents, and individuals with comorbidities were more vulnerable to ARF. There was a reduction in the prevalence and severity of RSV and influenza infections. After this reduction, a resurgence with an out-of-season pattern, but without higher odds of death than in the prepandemic year, was observed for both in 2022.
Electronic health record modification and dashboard development to improve clinical care in pediatric rheumatology
Authors: Timmerman Livie , Dutton Heather , McDannald Nicholas , Smitherman Emily A. , Mannion Melissa L. 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThis report describes our experience in electronic health record (EHR) note modification and creation of an external dashboard to create a local learning health system that contributes to quality improvement and patient care within our pediatric rheumatology clinic.MethodsWe applied quality improvement methodology to develop a more reliable and accurate system to identify patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and track important measures that aide in improving patient care and performance outcomes. From 2019 to 2021, we iteratively modified our outpatient clinic EHR note to include structured data elements to improve longitudinal monitoring. We then validated data transferred to an electronic dashboard external to the EHR and demonstrated utility for identifying an accurate patient population and tracking quality improvement initiatives.ResultsCreation of the structured data elements improved the identification of patients with JIA with &gt;99% accuracy and without requiring manual review of the chart. Using the dashboard to monitor performance, we improved documentation of critical disease activity measures that resulted in improvement in those scores across the local population of patients with JIA. The structured data elements also enabled us to automate electronic data transfer to a multicenter learning network registry.ConclusionThe structured data element modifications made to our outpatient EHR note populate a local dashboard that allows real time access to critical information for patient care, population management, and improvement in quality metrics. The collection and monitoring of structured data can be scaled to other quality improvement initiatives in our clinic and shared with other centers.
A real-world disproportionality analysis of sacubitril/valsartan: data mining of the FDA adverse event reporting system
Authors: Wang Yiwen , Liu Xuna 
Published: August 2024

PurposeSacubitril/valsartan is extensively used in heart failure; however, there are few long-term safety studies of it in a wide range of populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate sacubitril/valsartan-induced adverse events (AEs) through data mining of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).MethodsReports in the FAERS from the third quarter of 2015 (FDA approval of sacubitril/valsartan) to the fourth quarter of 2023 were collected and analyzed. Disproportionality analyses, including the reporting odds ratio (ROR), the proportional reporting ratio (PRR), the Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN), and empirical Bayesian geometric mean (EBGM) algorithms were adopted in data mining to quantify signals of sacubitril/valsartan-associated AEs.ResultsA total of 12,001,275 reports of sacubitril/valsartan as the “primary suspected (PS)” and 99,651 AEs induced by sacubitril/valsartan were identified. More males than females reported AEs (59.95% vs. 33.31%), with the highest number of reports in the 60–70 years age group (8.11%), and most AEs occurred &lt; 7 days (14.13%) and ≥ 60 days (10.69%) after dosing. Sacubitril/valsartan-induced AE occurrence targeted 24 system organ classes (SOCs) and 294 preferred terms (PTs). Of these, 4 SOCs were strongly positive for all four algorithms, including cardiac disorders, vascular disorders, ear and labyrinth disorders, and respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders. Among all PTs, consistent with the specification, hypotension (n = 10,078) had the highest number of reports, and dizziness, cough, peripheral swelling, blood potassium increased, and renal impairment were also reported in high numbers. Notably, this study also discovered a high frequency of side effects such as death, dyspnea, weight change, feeling abnormal, hearing loss, memory impairment, throat clearing, and diabetes mellitus.ConclusionThis study identified potential new AE signals and gained a more general understanding of the safety of sacubitril/valsartan, promoting its rational adoption in the cardiovascular system.
Self-medication of adults and children in Poland - results from outpatient health care physicians online questionnaire
Authors: Kłoda Karolina , Babicki Mateusz , Biesiada Aleksander , Gałązka-Sobotka Małgorzata , Kowalska-Bobko Iwona , Mastalerz-Migas Agnieszka 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: In Poland, the area of self-medication requires scientific and organizational evaluation. So far, no solutions sanctioning self-medication have been introduced. Therefore, the aim of this study was to recognize and analyze the practical experience of outpatient physicians regarding self-medication of their patients, as well as self-medication of children by their caregivers.Methods: This study enrolled 386 participants and used a Computer-Assisted Web Interview that was disseminated online from 4th of July 2023 to 23rd of August 2023. The survey was addressed to outpatient healthcare physicians working in Poland.Results: In doctors’ perspective the main three reasons for choosing self-medication in Poland were: taking advice from other people - family members or friends (59.1%), finding information regarding treatment online (52.9%) and ability to self-medicate in this kind of symptoms/disease (51.6%). Among adult patients, in 72.1% of cases, an independent decision to start antibiotic therapy was made. Such a decision occurred in 39.8% of pediatric patients. Children caregivers were more likely to visit the physician immediately with symptoms than in the case of adult patients (42.2% vs. 22.1%, p &lt; 0.001).Conclusions: Self-medication in Poland requires educational and organizational support at various levels - both social (information campaigns, school education), the healthcare system (increasing the role of medical professionals, including pharmacists), and finally in the area of legislation. Two areas seem to be particularly alarming - the use of antibiotics by adults and children and the mental health of both populations.
Investigation of METTL3 as an inhibitor of kanamycin-induced ototoxicity via stress granule formation
Authors: Wu Yan , Huang Yu-Yu , Wang Lu-Yao , Yang Yan , Cui Fei-Lun , Li Shu-Na 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundMethyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), a component of the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase family, exhibits significant expression in HEI-OC1 cells and cochlear explants. Aminoglycoside antibiotics, known for their ototoxic potential, frequently induce irreversible auditory damage in hair cells, predominantly through oxidative stress mechanisms. However, the specific role of METTL3 in kanamycin-induced hair cell loss remains unclear.ObjectiveThis study aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which METTL3 contributes to kanamycin-induced ototoxicity.Methods and ResultsIn vivo experiments demonstrated a notable reduction in METTL3 expression within cochlear explants following kanamycin administration, concomitant with the formation of stress granules (SGs). Similarly, a 24-hour kanamycin treatment led to decreased METTL3 expression and induced SG formation both in HEI-OC1 cells and neonatal cochlear explants, corroborating the in vivo observations. Lentivirus-mediated transfection was employed to overexpress and knockdown METTL3 in HEI-OC1 cells. Knockdown of METTL3 resulted in increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and apoptosis induced by kanamycin, while concurrently reducing SG formation. Conversely, overexpression of METTL3 attenuated ROS generation, decreased apoptosis rates, and promoted SG formation induced by kanamycin. Therefore, METTL3-mediated SG formation presents a promising target for mitigating kanamycin-induced ROS generation and the rate of apoptosis.ConclusionThis finding indicates that METTL3-mediated SG formation holds potential in mitigating kanamycin-induced impairments in cochlear hair cells by reducing ROS formation and apoptosis rates.
Polydatin attenuated neuropathic pain and motor dysfunction following spinal cord injury in rats by employing its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects
Authors: Bagheri Bavandpouri Faezeh Sadat , Azizi Atefeh , Abbaszadeh Fatemeh , Kiani Amir , Farzaei Mohammad Hosein , Mohammadi-Noori Ehsan , Fakhri Sajad , Echeverría Javier 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundConsidering the complex pathological mechanisms behind spinal cord injury (SCI) and the adverse effects of present non-approved drugs against SCI, new studies are needed to introduce novel multi-target active ingredients with higher efficacy and lower side effects. Polydatin (PLD) is a naturally occurring stilbenoid glucoside recognized for its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to assess the effects of PLD on sensory-motor function following SCI in rats.MethodsFollowing laminectomy and clip compression injury at the thoracic 8 (T8)-T9 level of the spinal cord, rats were randomly assigned to five groups: Sham, SCI, and three groups receiving different doses of PLD treatment (1, 2, and 3 mg/kg). Over 4 weeks, behavioral tests were done such as von Frey, acetone drop, hot plate, Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan, and inclined plane test. At the end of the study, changes in catalase and glutathione activity, nitrite level, activity of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and MMP9 as well as spinal tissue remyelination/neurogenesis, were evaluated.ResultsThe results revealed that PLD treatment significantly improved the behavioral performance of the animals starting from the first week after SCI. Additionally, PLD increased catalase, and glutathione levels, and MMP2 activity while reduced serum nitrite levels and MMP9. These positive effects were accompanied by a reduction in the size of the lesion and preservation of neuronal count.ConclusionIn conclusion, PLD showed neuroprotective effects in SCI rats by employing anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, through which improve sensory and motor function.
Plant medicine metabolite Yulinzhu treating neurological disorder causing polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and a meta-analysis
Authors: Jiao Beibei , Chen Ruilin , Chen Si , Zhang Jian , Wang Peijuan , Zhou Huaijun , Zhao Weibo 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundPolycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder that affects women of reproductive age, characterized by chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Emerging evidence indicates that neurological disorders play a significant role in the etiology of PCOS, highlighting the complex interplay between the central nervous system (CNS) and ovarian function. Yulinzhu, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation, has been traditionally used to regulate menstrual cycles and improve fertility. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and mechanisms of Yulinzhu in treating PCOS induced by neurological disorders.MethodsAn extensive literature search was performed across electronic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), covering publications up to 1 June 2024. The review included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared Yulin Zhu with placebo, standard care, or other active treatments in patients with PCOS. Two reviewers independently carried out data extraction and quality assessment. Meta-analyses were conducted using both fixed and random-effects models, with heterogeneity evaluated using the I2 statistic.ResultsWe screened 891 records and included 6 studi es in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that Yulinzhu about effective rate [RR = 1.19, 95% CI (1.10, 1.29), p &lt; 0.0001], pregnancy rate [RR = 2.80, 95% CI (1.65, 4.76), p &lt; 0.0001] and ovulation rate [RR = 1.33, 95% CI (1.10, 1.62), p = 0.04]. Meta-analysis shows the results of follicle estrogen [WMD = 0.69, 95% CI (−0.39, 1.78), p = 0.21], luteinizing hormone [WMD = −2.27, 95% CI (−3.86, −0.67), p = 0.005], testosterone [WMD = −0.44, 95% CI (−0.64, −0.25), p &lt; 0.0001], estradiol [WMD = 16.20, 95% CI (2.74, 29.67), p &lt; 0.0001].ConclusionThis study demonstrates that plant medicine compund Yulinzhu may effectively treats PCOS including hormonal regulation, anti-inflammatory actions, and neuroprotection. We expect further research with larger, well-designed clinical trials to substantiate our conclusions.
Diagnostic lncRNA high expression for liver patients prognosis and medication guidance: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Hengzhou , Chen Haoyan , Zhu Xiaodan , Zhang Baonan , Jin Chunhui 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe study of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has gained significant attention due to their roles in regulating gene expression and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of high-expression lncRNAs in liver disease patients, including those with hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, up to July 2024. Studies were included if they investigated the expression of lncRNAs in liver disease patients and evaluated their diagnostic performance. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool was used to assess the quality of included studies. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratios (DOR), and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves were calculated using a bivariate random-effects model.ResultsNine studies involving 888 samples were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) for overall survival (OS) was 2.01 (95% CI: 1.71–2.36), indicating a significant association between high lncRNA expression and poor liver disease outcomes. Subgroup analyses revealed a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 1.99 (95% CI: 1.53–2.60) for tissue samples and 8.62 (95% CI: 1.16–63.71) for blood samples, suggesting a stronger diagnostic value for blood-based lncRNAs. The funnel plots indicated minimal publication bias, and sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings.ConclusionHigh-expression lncRNAs show significant potential as diagnostic biomarkers for liver diseases, offering non-invasive, accurate, and timely diagnostic information. Despite the promising results, further research is needed to standardize detection methods, elucidate the biological functions of lncRNAs, and validate their clinical utility in diverse patient populations. Integrating lncRNA biomarkers with traditional diagnostic approaches could enhance diagnostic accuracy and improve patient management and outcomes in liver disease.