bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular folding governs switchable singlet oxygen photoproduction in porphyrin-decorated bistable rotaxanes
Authors: Riebe Jan , Bädorf Benedikt , Löffelsender Sarah , Gutierrez Suburu Matias E. , Rivas Aiello María Belén , Strassert Cristian A. , Grimme Stefan , Niemeyer Jochen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRotaxanes are mechanically interlocked molecules where a ring (macrocycle) is threaded onto a linear molecule (thread). The position of the macrocycle on different stations on the thread can be controlled in response to external stimuli, making rotaxanes applicable as molecular switches. Here we show that bistable rotaxanes based on the combination of a Zn(II) tetraphenylporphyrin photosensitizer, attached to the macrocycle, and a black-hole-quencher, attached to the thread, are capable of singlet oxygen production which can be switched on/off by the addition of base/acid. However, we found that only a sufficiently long linker between both stations on the thread enabled switchability, and that the direction of switching was inversed with regard to the original design. This unexpected behavior was attributed to intramolecular folding of the rotaxanes, as indicated by extensive theoretical calculations. This evidences the importance to take into account the conformational flexibility of large molecular structures when designing functional switchable systems.
Deep neural networks as variational solutions for correlated open quantum systems
Authors: Mellak Johannes , Arrigoni Enrico , von der Linden Wolfgang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this work we apply deep neural networks to find the non-equilibrium steady state solution to correlated open quantum many-body systems. Motivated by the ongoing search to find more powerful representations of (mixed) quantum states, we design a simple prototypical convolutional neural network and show that parametrizing the density matrix directly with more powerful models can yield better variational ansatz functions and improve upon results reached by neural density operator based on the restricted Boltzmann machine. Hereby we give up the explicit restriction to positive semi-definite density matrices. However, this is fulfilled again to good approximation by optimizing the parameters. The great advantage of this approach is that it opens up the possibility of exploring more complex network architectures that can be tailored to specific physical properties. We show how translation invariance can be enforced effortlessly and reach better results with fewer parameters. We present results for the dissipative one-dimensional transverse-field Ising model and a two-dimensional dissipative Heisenberg model compared to exact values.
Ubiquitination of VE-cadherin regulates inflammation-induced vascular permeability in vivo
Authors: Wilkens Markus , Holtermann Leonie , Stahl Ann-Kathrin , Stegmeyer Rebekka I , Nottebaum Astrid F , Vestweber Dietmar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVE-cadherin is a major component of the cell adhesion machinery which provides integrity and plasticity of the barrier function of endothelial junctions. Here, we analyze whether ubiquitination of VE-cadherin is involved in the regulation of the endothelial barrier in inflammation in vivo. We show that histamine and thrombin stimulate ubiquitination of VE-cadherin in HUVEC, which is completely blocked if the two lysine residues K626 and K633 are replaced by arginine. Similarly, these mutations block histamine-induced endocytosis of VE-cadherin. We describe two knock-in mouse lines with endogenous VE-cadherin being replaced by either a VE-cadherin K626/633R or a VE-cadherin KallR mutant, where all seven lysine residues are mutated. Mutant mice are viable, healthy and fertile with normal expression levels of junctional VE-cadherin. Histamine- or LPS-induced vascular permeability in the skin or lung of both of these mutant mice are clearly and similarly reduced in comparison to WT mice. Additionally, we detect a role of K626/633 for lysosomal targeting. Collectively, our findings identify ubiquitination of VE-cadherin as important for the induction of vascular permeability in the inflamed skin and lung.
Perspectives on Hearing Aid Cost and Uptake for Prescription and Over-the-Counter Hearing Aid Users
Authors: Knoetze Megan , Manchaiah Vinaya , Oosthuizen Ilze , Beukes Eldre , Swanepoel De Wet 
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
This study explored user perspectives on the relationship between hearing aid cost and uptake, as well as cost-related recommendations for others with hearing difficulties, in a sample of prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aid users.

Method:
A secondary analysis was conducted on a cross-sectional survey using qualitative content analysis to analyze responses related to the cost of hearing aids. The study included a total of 241 adult participants, comprising 179 prescription hearing aid users from the Hearing Tracker website and 62 OTC hearing aid users from the Lexie Hearing U.S. database.

Results:

Prescription users had a mean age of 66.7 years (
SD
= 13.2), including 62.0% males, 37.4% females, and 0.6% nonbinary individuals. OTC users had a mean age of 63.0 years (
SD
= 13.4), with 48.4% males and 51.6% females. Three overarching domains were identified: perceived enablers to hearing aid uptake related to the cost, perceived barriers to hearing aid uptake related to the cost, and recommendations to others with hearing difficulties related to the cost, with 14 categories recognized for prescription users and 12 for OTC users. Both groups identified the high cost of hearing aids and lack of insurance coverage as significant barriers to uptake. Many prescription users reported external support (e.g., financial support and health insurance coverage) as an enabler, while OTC users frequently mentioned the affordability of OTC devices. The most common recommendation among prescription users was to seek professional support, whereas OTC users recommended researching hearing aids before making a purchase.

Conclusions:
Cost and insurance coverage consistently emerge as primary barriers to hearing aid adoption for both prescription and OTC users. To foster greater accessibility, initiatives should target these financial obstacles. Additional research is warranted on the relationship between hearing aid cost and uptake, especially among OTC users and those seeking financial assistance.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.26496922
Navigating the Role of Mobile Audiology in Public Health: Overcoming Hearing Health Care Barriers That Impact the Underserved
Authors: Smiley Carla S. , Murphy Brandi A. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this clinical focus article is to convey the significant role that mobile audiology could have in the public health space and discuss how mobile audiology can overcome obstacles that hinder access to traditional audiological care. This article also introduces strategies for delivering innovative audiological care.

Method:
The article is drawn from the authors' personal research, business, and clinical experiences. It describes the variations in mobile audiology that could aid in improving health care outcomes, identifying underserved areas, identifying barriers, implementing innovative solutions to overcome barriers, limitations of mobile audiology, and implications for optimized hearing health care.

Conclusions:
Mobile audiology services may play a vital role in public health programs and initiatives by bringing hearing health care to underserved communities, promoting accessibility, and addressing hearing health care concerns that disproportionately impact vulnerable populations. Mobile audiology services extend beyond the conventional concept of service delivery and can reduce barriers that prevent access to hearing health care, such as lack of transportation, geographical conditions/distance, time, lack of insurance coverage for evaluation/treatment, lack of qualified hearing health professionals, and financial constraints. Various services can be offered through mobile audiology, such as comprehensive screenings, diagnostic evaluations, and rehabilitation services/interventions. Mobile audiology services provide patients with the intervention necessary to improve communication abilities, quality of life, and overall health care outcomes.
Aperture photometry on asteroid trails
Authors: Devogèle Maxime , Buzzi Luca , Micheli Marco , Cano Juan Luis , Conversi Luca , Jehin Emmanël , Ferrais Marin , Ocaña Francisco , Föhring Dora , Drury Charlie , Benkhaldoun Zouhair , Jenniskens Peter 
Published: August 2024

Context. Near-Earth objects (NEOs) on an impact course with Earth can move at high angular speeds. Understanding their properties, including their rotation state, is crucial for assessing impact risks and mitigation strategies. Traditional photometric methods face challenges in accurately collecting data on fast-moving NEOs.
Aims. This study introduces an innovative approach to aperture photometry, tailored to analyzing trailed images of fast-moving NEOs. Our primary aim is to extract rotation state information for fast rotators.
Methods. We applied our approach to the trailed images of three asteroids: 2023 CX1, 2024 BX1, and 2024 EF, which were either on a collision course or on a close fly-by with Earth, resulting in high angular velocities. By adjusting the aperture size, we controlled the effective instantaneous exposure time of the asteroid to increase the sampling rate of photometric variations. This enabled us to detect short rotation periods that would be challenging to derive with conventional methods.
Results. Our analysis shows that trailed photometry significantly reduces the overhead time associated with CCD readout, enhancing the sampling rate of the photometric variations. We demonstrate that this technique is particularly effective for fast-moving objects, providing reliable photometric data when the object is at its brightest and closest to Earth. For asteroid 2024 BX1, we detect a rotation period of 2.5888 ± 0.0002 seconds, the shortest ever recorded. We discuss under what circumstances it is most efficient to use trailed observations coupled with aperture photometry for studying the rotation characteristics of NEOs.
Combined Gemini-South and HST photometric analysis of the globular cluster NGC 6558
Authors: Souza S. O. , Libralato M. , Nardiello D. , Kerber L. O. , Ortolani S. , Pérez-Villegas A. , Oliveira R. A. P. , Barbuy B. , Bica E. , Griggio M. , Dias B. 
Published: August 2024

Context. NGC 6558 is a low-galactic-latitude globular cluster projected in the direction of the Galactic bulge. Due to high reddening, this region presents challenges in deriving accurate parameters, which require meticulous photometric analysis. We present a combined analysis of near-infrared and optical photometry from multi-epoch high-resolution images collected with Gemini-South/GSAOI+GeMS (in the J and KS filters) and HST/ACS (in the F606W and F814W filters).
Aims. We aim to refine the fundamental parameters of NGC 6558, utilising high-quality Gemini-South/GSAOI and HST/ACS photometries. Additionally, we intend to investigate its role in the formation of the Galactic bulge.
Methods. We performed a meticulous differential reddening correction to investigate the effect of contamination from Galactic bulge field stars. To derive the fundamental parameters – age, distance, reddening, and the total-to-selective coefficient – we employed a Bayesian isochrone fitting. The results from high-resolution spectroscopy and RR Lyrae stars were implemented as priors. For the orbital parameters, we employed a barred Galactic mass model. Furthermore, we analysed the age-metallicity relation to contextualise NGC 6558 within the Galactic bulge’s history.
Results. We studied the impact of two differential reddening corrections on the age derivation. When removing as much as possible of the Galactic bulge field star contamination, the isochrone fitting combined with synthetic colour-magnitude diagrams gives a distance of 8.41−0.10+0.11 kpc, an age of 13.0 ± 0.9 Gyr, and a reddening of E(B − V) = 0.34 ± 0.02. We derived a total-to-selective coefficient of RV = 3.2 ± 0.2 thanks to the simultaneous near-infrared–optical synthetic colour-magnitude diagram fitting, which, aside from errors, agrees with the commonly used value. The orbital parameters showed that NGC 6558 is confined within the inner Galaxy and it is not compatible with a bar-shape orbit, indicating that it is a bulge member. Assembling the old and moderately metal-poor ([Fe/H] ∼ −1.1) clusters in the Galactic bulge, we derived their age-metallicity relation with star formation starting at 13.6 ± 0.2 Gyr and effective yields of ρ = 0.05 ± 0.01 Z⊙.
Conclusions. The old age derived for NGC 6558 is compatible with other clusters with similar metallicity and a blue horizontal branch in the Galactic bulge, which constitute the moderately metal-poor globular clusters. The age-metallicity relation shows that the starting age of star formation is compatible with the age of NGC 6558, and the chemical enrichment is ten times faster than the ex situ globular cluster branch.
Intrinsic line profiles for X-ray fluorescent lines in SKIRT
Authors: Vander Meulen Bert , Camps Peter , Tsujimoto Masahiro , Wada Keiichi 
Published: August 2024

Context. X-ray microcalorimeter instruments are expected to spectrally resolve the intrinsic line shapes of the strongest fluorescent lines. X-ray models should therefore incorporate these intrinsic line profiles to obtain meaningful constraints from observational data.
Aims. We included the intrinsic line profiles of the strongest fluorescent lines in the X-ray radiative transfer code SKIRT to model the cold-gas structure and kinematics based on high-resolution line observations from XRISM/Resolve and Athena/X-IFU.
Methods. The intrinsic line profiles of the Kα and Kβ lines of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu were implemented based on a multi-Lorentzian parameterisation. Line energies are sampled from these Lorentzian components during the radiative transfer routine.
Results. In the optically thin regime, the SKIRT results match the intrinsic line profiles as measured in the laboratory. With a more complex 3D model that also includes kinematics, we find that the intrinsic line profiles are broadened and shifted to an extent that will be detectable with XRISM/Resolve; this model also demonstrates the importance of the intrinsic line shapes for constraining kinematics. We find that observed line profiles directly trace the cold-gas kinematics, without any additional radiative transfer effects.
Conclusions. With the advent of the first XRISM/Resolve data, this update to the X-ray radiative transfer framework of SKIRT is timely and provides a unique tool for constraining the velocity structure of cold gas from X-ray microcalorimeter spectra.
Zukunft der Traumaversorgung in Deutschland
Authors: Lehmann Wolfgang , Spering Christopher 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungDie unfallchirurgische Versorgung in Deutschland steht vor großen Herausforderungen. Die zunehmenden Fallzahlen aufgrund des demografischen Wandels bei gleichzeitig reduzierter Bettenkapazität bedingen ein Umdenken in vielen Bereichen. Um die Grund- und Regelversorgung zukünftig weiter auf hohem Niveau und flächendeckend zu gewährleisten, müssen ökonomische Anreize geschaffen werden, um ausreichend Standorte der Traumaversorgung zu erhalten. Gleichzeitig gibt es einen Fachkräftemangel, der sich in den kommenden Jahren noch verschärfen wird, wenn nicht mit geeigneten Maßnahmen gegengesteuert wird. Auch strukturell wird es Änderungen brauchen, um eine sektorübergreifende Vernetzung zwischen der ambulanten und stationären Versorgung zu verbessern. Mit der zunehmenden Ambulantisierung können möglicherweise zukünftige Engpässe sowohl an Bettenkapazitäten als auch an Personalmangel abgepuffert werden.
Area Postrema Syndrome as the Onset of Neuromyelitis Optica in a Pediatric Patient: Case Report
Authors: Mancera-Alzate Juan M. , Brito-Hurtado Taina Y. , Rojas-Ceron Christian A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractArea postrema syndrome, characterized by nausea, emesis, and persistent hiccups can be the initial manifestation of demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system.We report a 4-year-old girl who presented with intractable vomiting that was noted to have signs of demyelination in the area postrema. MRI of the spine revealed longitudinally extensive myelitis in the cervical and thoracic spine. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) was suspected. Serum anti-aquaporin 4 antibodies were positive. Oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid were negative.NMOSDs are extremely rare in the pediatric population, this being the second case reported in Colombia. It is crucial to consider the possibility of such neurological disorders in the setting of intractable vomiting.
The Labour Left from Benn to Momentum: continuity and change in strategy and tactics
Authors: Piazzo Robin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPrevious works have correctly highlighted the strategic and tactical convergences between the Bennite New Left and the Corbyn insurgency. However, such scholarship has underestimated the impact of the differences in the composition between the two intra-party movements. Critically, while the Benn project developed as an attempt to update Labour strategy in times of social upheaval, Momentum and the Corbyn movement emerged as a hybrid alliance between New Left veterans and the extra-parliamentary anti-austerity and libertarian left. This impacted the Left’s conceptualisation of socialist strategy and led to disagreements over tactics. This paper will explain how, despite these differences, the 2010s Left ended up reproducing the core tenets of New Left’s strategy and tactics. This outcome is explained as a consequence of a convergent conceptualisation of social change and the persistence of intra-party conflicts.
Decoding the disciplines: creating mutual understanding in multiprofessional education
Authors: Schmitz Daniela , Ortloff Jan-Hendrik , Rinas-Bahl Julia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDecoding the disciplines as a pedagogical approach to overcome threshold concepts in student learning. The method focuses on a process of making discipline-specific thinking and acting more accessible to students in order to enhance their learning process. Students of any discipline have difficulties with discipline-specific contents, methods or ways of thinking or acting, the so-called bottlenecks. In addition, there are bottlenecks specific to each discipline, such as topics related to scientific work. Findings from a Scholarship of Teaching and Learning approach in a multi-professional group of students in an online seminar session during the corona pandemic are presented. A decoding process on how to find a theoretical approach to one’s research question was conducted. The implementation of the decoding method took place either in face-to-face decoding expert interviews or in a writing process using predetermined guiding questions. Students’ reflections on the use of the method were analyzed using normalization process theory to identify facilitating and inhibiting aspects for the face-to-face and written implementation of the method in interprofessional learning groups. The results show that students could experience a role change or a new role when the decoding topic changes. With the interview method in particular, students can take on the role of experts or novices depending on the topic and thus actively participate. Whether a role change happens or not always depends on the dynamics and the communicative exchange of the group. Decoding takes a lot of time, especially for reflective writing.
Photocatalytic activity of TiO2:TiN nanocomposite films prepared by DC reactive sputtering technique for air purification
Authors: Kadhim Firas J , Hammadi Oday A , Ali Mays K 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study concerns the production of advanced materials and a novel technique for enhancing photocatalytic efficiency, focusing specifically on the purification of air contaminated with methane gas. Titanium dioxide:Titanium nitride (TiO2/TiN) nanocomposite films were prepared by dc reactive magnetron sputtering of highly-pure titanium sheet in presence of oxygen and nitrogen as reactive gases with optimized mixing ratios to produce the composite structures. The structural, morphological, and optical characteristics of the prepared nanocomposites were determined and analyzed. The primary goal of this study was to enhance the photocatalytic activity of such nanocomposites against methane gas pollution. It is observed that increasing the nitrogen content in the TiO2:TiN nanocomposite structure led to notable improvements in photocatalytic efficiency. Specifically, when these nanocomposites were subjected to a UV light, they exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity in the removal of methane gas from the surrounding air, which demonstrates a direct correlation with increased nitrogen (N) content in the composite structure. These nanocomposites are reasonably promising in removing harmful gases and pollutants present in indoor and outdoor environments. This exploration not only sheds light on the remarkable potential of TiO2:TiN nanocomposites for air purification but also highlights the importance of innovative techniques, such as dc reactive magnetron sputtering in the field of materials science and engineering as well as in environmental remediation.
Polariton-polariton interaction induced by the hopping effect between two monolayers
Authors: Gong Xuebing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Investigating the quantum many-body interaction in microcavity semiconductor systems is a significant objective in current research. Hence, in this study, Green’s function was employed to investigate the hopping effect between two monolayers denoted as L and R. The interaction between excitons in L monolayer and R monolayer, characterized by spin-like properties, leads to the generation of Josephson currents and emergence of two quasiparticle branches, known as LP+ and LP− polaritons (i.e., two low polariton states). And compared with other papers, such as reference 5, the research shows that presence of hopping interaction and many-body interaction between monolayers causes significant enhancement phenomenon of residue

Z
,

which will further reduce the effective mass. This is more conducive to Bose–Einstein condensates (BEC). Furthermore, we investigated the Parity-Time symmetry (PT symmetry) of the system. The PT broken phase transition point will appear when the condition of PT symmetry is satisfied.
Analytical formula for the cross section of hadron production from e
+
e
− collisions around the narrow charmouinum resonances
Authors: Wang 王 Ya-Nan 亚男 , Wang 王 Ya-Di 雅迪 , Wang 王 Ping 平 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The paper reports an analytical formula for the production cross section of e
+
e
− annihilation to hadrons in the vicinity of a narrow resonance, particularly in the τ-charm region, while considering initial state radiation. Despite some approximations in its derivation, comparison between the analytical formula and direct integration of ISR shows good accuracy, indicating that the analytical formula meets current experimental requirements. Furthermore, this paper presents a comparison of the cross section between the analytical formula and calculations using the ConExc Monte Carlo generator. The efficiency of the analytical formula in significantly reducing computing time makes it a favorable choice for the regression procedure to extract the parameters of narrow charmonium resonances in experiments.