bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kendala Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Dalam Jaringan Bahasa Mandarin SMA/MA/SMK di Jabodetabek
Authors: Zelia Vanya , Andriani Susi , Ramadhanty Dwi Annisa 
Published: August 2024

Pandemi telah mengubah pelaksanaan dan model pembelajaran di seluruh dunia. Pembelajaran yang awalnya dilakukan secara tatap muka, berubah menjadi Pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ). PJJ terdiri atas PJJ dalam jaringan (daring) dan luar jaringan (luring). PJJ daring adalah pembelajaran menggunakan media elektronik melalui beberapa portal dan aplikasi pembelajaran daring dengan bantuan jaringan internet. Artikel ini membahas kendala yang dihadapi pendidik bahasa Mandarin dalam hal penggunaan media elektronik, internet, dan LMS pada kegiatan PJJ daring bahasa Mandarin SMA/MA/SMK di Jabodetabek. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Responden penelitian ini adalah 50 orang pendidik bahasa Mandarin SMA/MA/SMK di Jabodetabek yang melaksanakan PJJ daring bahasa Mandarin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kendala yang dihadapi pendidik adalah tidak tersedianya media elektronik, keterbatasan SDM pendidik dalam mengoperasikan media elektronik, media elektronik tidak memiliki spesifikasi atau fitur tertentu, media elektronik mengalami kerusakan dan Operating System (OS) yang dimiliki media elekronik bukan merupakan OS terkini, pulsa internet mahal, jaringan internet lambat, LMS yang digunakan tidak memiliki fitur tertentu dan pendidik tidak mengerti cara mengoperasikan LMS yang digunakan .Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan bagi dunia pendidikan khususnya yang berhubungan langsung dengan PJJ daring bahasa Mandarin, serta menjadi bahan pertimbangan dalam mengatasi kendala yang terjadi pada penerapan PJJ daring dalam Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Mandarin.
Formin-like 1 β phosphorylation at S1086 is necessary for secretory polarized traffic of exosomes at the immune synapse in Jurkat T lymphocytes
Authors: Ruiz-Navarro Javier , Fernández-Hermira Sara , Sanz-Fernández Irene , Barbeito Pablo , Navarro-Zapata Alfonso , Pérez-Martínez Antonio , Garcia-Gonzalo Francesc R. , Calvo Víctor , Izquierdo Manuel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

T-cell receptor stimulation (TCR) by antigen bound to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on an antigen-presenting cell (APC) induces protein kinase C (PKC) activation and the formation of the immune synapse (IS), followed by depletion of filamentous actin (F-actin) at the central region of the IS (cIS) and the polarization of multivesicular bodies (MVB) and the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) to the IS. These events lead to polarized exosome secretion at the IS. These exosomes are involved in several crucial immune responses such as autocrine activation-induced cell death (AICD) of T lymphocytes and cytotoxicity. We analysed here how formin-like 1 beta (FMNL1beta), an actin cytoskeleton-regulatory protein, regulates MTOC/MVB polarization and exosome secretion at an IS model in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. IS formation was associated with transient recruitment of FMNL1beta to the IS, which was independent of protein kinase C delta (PKCdelta). Simultaneous RNA interference of all FMNL1 isoforms prevented MTOC/MVB polarization and exosome secretion, which were restored by FMNL1betaWT expression. However, expression of the non-phosphorylatable mutant FMNL1βS1086A did not restore neither MTOC/MVB polarization nor exosome secretion to control levels, supporting the crucial role of S1086 phosphorylation in MTOC/MVB polarization and exosome secretion. In contrast, the phosphomimetic mutant, FMNL1βS1086D, restored MTOC/MVB polarization and exosome secretion. Conversely, FMNL1βS1086D mutant did not recover the deficient MTOC/MVB polarization occurring in PKCdelta-interfered clones, indicating that S1086 FMNL1beta phosphorylation alone is not sufficient for MTOC/MVB polarization and exosome secretion. FMNL1 interference inhibited the depletion of F-actin at the cIS, which is necessary for MTOC/MVB polarization. FMNL1betaWT and FMNL1βS1086D, but not FMNL1βS1086A expression, restored F-actin depletion at the cIS. Thus, actin cytoskeleton reorganization at the IS underlies the effects of all these FMNL1beta variants on polarized secretory traffic. FMNL1 was found in the IS made by primary T lymphocytes, both in TCR and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-evoked synapses. Taken together, these results point out a crucial role of S1086 phosphorylation in FMNL1beta activation, leading to cortical actin reorganization and subsequent control of MTOC/MVB polarization and exosome secretion.
Empowering College Students in Selecting Ideal Advisors: A Text-Based Recommendation Model
Authors: Jian Ling , Zhou Jiaxin , Zhao Haiping , Yin Yue , Li Li 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

College students may encounter various challenges in their academic journey, necessitating assistance from their educators. Current research on technology to improve education quality mainly focuses on academic early warning, course recommendation, and employment prediction, overlooking the difficulties students encounter in finding suitable advisors. In view of that, this paper proposes an AdVisor RecommenDation (AVRD) model based on text information. AVRD first employs Chinese BERT and unsupervised SimCSE to train the corpus of teachers’ records. The time decay factor is then introduced as the weight of the text record vector, and the representation vector of teachers is obtained after the weighted average. Finally, the similarity between the vectors of teachers’ and students’ demands is calculated, and the list of teachers is recommended to students according to the designed pooling and matching criteria. The questionnaire data from 170 college students are collected to evaluate the proposed model. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of AVRD, which can help 70% of students find the ideal advisor that matches their needs. In addition, ablation studies show that each part of the proposed AVRD model plays an important role in the model.
Seasonal effects of Searsia lancea, Celtis africana and concentrate supplementation on weight changes, serum and urine metabolites in South African Nguni goats
Authors: Phiri France , Kanengoni Arnold Tapera 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The study evaluated the seasonal impact of Celtis africana, Searsia lancea, and concentrate supplementation on male Nguni goats’s health based on serum and urine metabolite concentrations. The goats received a basal diet of Eragrostis hay, supplemented with one of the following: i) S. lancea, ii) C. africana, iii) a 1:1 combination of S. lancea and C. africana (SL:CA), or iv) a control diet. The study involved twenty male goats weighing 15 ± 1.6 kg in a 2 x 4 (season x diet) factorial experimental design. There were season x diet interactions on urobilinogen (URO), urine bilirubin (UBIL), urine protein (UPRO), and urine calcium (UCAL). Urobilinogen and UBIL in goats fed the control diet were higher than those on C. africana, S. lancea, and SL:CA during the two seasons (P < 0.05). In the wet season, goats reared on S. lancea had higher (P < 0.05) UPRO than those on the SL:CA diet. Goats on C. africana had higher (P < 0.05) serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) than those on control or SL:CA diet during the dry and wet seasons. There were significant (P < 0.05) diet effects on goats’ serum GGT, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, urea nitrogen, creatinine, cholesterol, glucose, and inorganic phosphate across seasons. Urinalysis showed diet-related kidney dysfunction and imbalanced serum metabolites. It was concluded that C. africana and S. lancea supplementation negatively affected the renal and hepatic health of the goats and should be investigated further.
Effect of land-cover changes on heavy metals concentration and ecological risk in sediments of Tahaddart estuary, Morocco
Authors: Barjy Meryem El , Maanan Mohamed , Boukaid Hassna , Hassou Najwa , Hocein Bazairi , Maanan Mehdi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Long-term trends of trace element contamination in coastal ecosystems are important for assessing the impact of land cover changes on the environment quality. In this study, the assessment of historical land cover changes and contamination status trends of Tahaddart estuary (N-W, Morocco) was investigated. Two sediment cores were selected, analyzed for trace elements (TEs), compared with sediment quality guidelines, and assessed by using environmental and ecological indices. Radiometric dating was performed on sediment core by using 210Pb and 137Cs isotope. Identification and description of the land cover patterns from 1984 to 2016 was analyzed using GIS methods. The geomatic results showed significant decline in agricultural land, forests, wetlands, and beaches/dunes between1984 and 2016, which are increasingly replaced by artificial land. The radio-dating of sediment core indicate that the mean sedimentation rates are 0.53 cm/years based on 210Pb activities. The ecotoxicological risk and contamination indexes revealed a gradual deterioration in the environment quality of Tahaddart with moderate contamination level and 21% risk of toxicity. This research provides a reference database for costal area development.
Correlations among South African indigenous ram-lambs’ physiological age and various mating behaviours at puberty
Authors: Shingange Rimbilana , Ramikhuthi Fhulufhelo , Maqhashu Ayanda 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Livestock must maintain traits that are beneficial to their survival and propagation, so that those genotypes that express the optimal phenotype most reliably, will be selectively favoured. One of these traits is the animal’s physiological age, which is correlated with, but not causal to its chronological age, and affects the animal’s age at attainment of puberty - an important management parameter and indicator of environmental adaptation. This study aimed to characterise the mating behaviours of pubertal ram-lambs of three of South Africa’s oldest indigenous sheep breeds, Bapedi (BP), Namaqua-Afrikaner (NM) and Zulu (ZL), which are landraces to areas of South Africa with different microclimates. Sampling included visual assessment of various mating behaviours (e.g., nosing, mounting) and measurement of bodyweight, scrotal circumference, and blood serum testosterone concentrations. The study found that NM ram-lambs were physiologically younger than BP and ZL ram-lambs at a similar chronological age, as bodyweights and blood serum testosterone concentrations between-breeds were similar (P > 0.05) but significant between-breed differences of scrotal circumferences were found (P < 0.05) at most ages, wherein NM ram-lambs had lower mean scrotal circumferences, had the lowest cumulative observations of all appraised mating behaviours; and began displaying their first mating behaviour (nosing) one month later than BP and ZL ram-lambs did. Thus, NM ram-lambs displayed younger physiological age, likely as an adaptation to the hotter and drier microenvironment to which they are indigenous. It is recommended that such breeds be profiled and used in mixed-breeding programs, as their adaptation to harsher environments will be invaluable as climate change’s impacts become more apparent in sub-Saharan Africa.
Balancing Method for Landslide Monitoring Samples and Construction of an Early Warning System
Authors: Liu Dunlong , Xie Zhaoyang , Tang Dan , Sang Xuejia , Zhang Shaojie , Chen Qiao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Given that machine learning is adept at uncovering implicit patterns from heterogeneous data sources, it is well suited for predicting landslide deformation with multi-factor monitoring. The sample dataset forms the foundation for training the models, and the quality and quantity of the dataset directly affect its accuracy and generalization ability. However, significant deformation in landslide bodies is relatively rare, leading to an imbalance in the collected sample dataset. To address this issue, this study proposed the genetic algorithm improved multi-classification-genetic-synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE)-algorithm (GAMCGSA). Building on the multi-classification-genetic-SMOTE-algorithm (MCGSA), it integrated genetic algorithms to determine the optimal sampling rate. Based on this rate, new samples were generated, avoiding the creation of a large number of synthetic samples and effectively addressing the issue of sample imbalance. Subsequently, a convolutional neural network (CNN) was employed to process non-image data from multiple sources, resulting in the development of an intelligent landslide warning model. According to the test results, the F1 score of this model reached 84.2% with an accuracy of 90.8%, it possesses strong classification capabilities for both majority and minority classes, especially outperforming many current models (such as TabNet and RF) in classifying minority classes. This indicates that the CNN model has a superior ability to identify large-scale landslides. Based on the developed warning model and utilizing popular development frameworks, geographic information systems, and database technologies, an intelligent landslide monitoring warning system was constructed. This system integrates intelligent landslide monitoring and warning services, and provides scientific and reliable technical support for landslide disaster prevention and reduction.
Energy-Conserving Deep Learning Model for Accurate Ocean Wave Forecasting
Authors: Yu Huaming , Zhang Ziliang , Ren Danqin , Zhang Chenyu , Qi Xin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Traditional wave forecasting models, despite being based on energy conservation equations, are computationally expensive. Existing deep learning models, while efficient, often suffer from energy dissipation in long-term forecasts. This paper proposes OceanCastNet (OCN), a novel energy-balanced deep learning wave forecasting model. OCN maintains energy balance by incorporating wind fields at current, previous, and future time steps, along with wave fields at current and previous time steps. Experiments demonstrate that OCN achieves short-term forecast accuracy comparable to traditional models, outperforming the widely used WaveWatch III model. The importance of energy constraints for improving long-term forecast performance is confirmed through a simple meteorological model, OCN-wind, highlighting the generalizability of the energy conservation principle in deep learning atmospheric models. This finding provides new ideas for future research on deep learning geophysical fluid models.
Assessment of Learning Style Preferences Among Medical Students of Universities in Southwest Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Aderinto Nicholas , Ogieuhi Ikponmwosa Jude , Ojedokun Samson , Afolabi Samson , Adetula David , Adesola Adeniyi , Afolayan Oluwatosin , Opanike Joshua , Okelue Amaechi , Aboderin Gbolahan , Abdulbasit Muili , Fakunle Victoria , Ogunleke Praise , Kayode Ayomide , Ibrahim Gladys , Adebayo Yewande Abigail 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Identifying the learning style of medical students allows educational methods to be adapted to their learning style, leading to higher educational efficiency. This study aimed to assess the preferred learning styles of medical students at medical colleges in south-western Nigeria.
Methods
The study was a cross-sectional survey design carried out among six hundred and thirty-four 200–600 level medical and dental students in southwestern Nigeria. Data was collected using online and offline questionnaires. VARK was used as the study instrument, and data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 25.
Results
The majority of participants preferred unimodal style 193(30.4%) while some preferred more than one learning style, bimodal 132(20.8%), trimodal 136(21.4%), and quadmodal 173(27.2%). Unimodal learning styles between both Genders show a preference for Aural in Females (31.1%), while Visual (28.6%) and Aural (28.6%) are equally distributed in Males. Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) respondents prefer the Kinesthetic learning style (50.0%), while University of Ibadan (UI) respondents prefer the Aural learning style (36.0%). Learning style shows no statistically significant relationship with age, gender, level and course of study.
Conclusion
Identifying students' learning style preferences is important to designing an effective educational curriculum. The individual characteristics, educational understanding, and methods/techniques that teachers consider during teaching also differ. Determining the methods and techniques to achieve the desired product level in education is essential in the learning/teaching process.
Effects of drug pressure and human migration on antimalarial resistance in circulating Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites in Ecuador
Authors: Ñacata Isaac , Early Angela M. , Boboy Janeth , Neafsey Daniel E. , Sáenz Fabián E. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Antimalarial resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is a public health problem in the fight against malaria in Ecuador. Characterizing the molecular epidemiology of drug resistance genes helps to understand the emergence and spread of resistant parasites. In this study, the effects of drug pressure and human migration on antimalarial resistance in P. falciparum were evaluated. Sixty-seven samples from northwestern Ecuador from the 2019–2021 period were analyzed. SNPs in Pfcrt, Pfdhps, Pfdhfr, Pfmdr-1, Pfk13 and Pfaat1 were identified by Sanger sequencing and whole-genome sequencing. A comparison of the frequencies of the haplotypes was made with data from the 2013–2015 period. Also, nucleotide and haplotype diversity were calculated. The frequencies of the mutant haplotypes, CVMET in Pfcrt and CICNI in Pfdhfr, increased. NEDFSDFY in Pfmdr-1 was detected for the first time. While the wild-type haplotypes, SAKAA in Pfdhps and MYRIC in Pfk13, remained dominant. Interestingly, the A16V mutation in Pfdhfr that gives resistance to proguanil is reported in Ecuador. In conclusion, parasites resistant to chloroquine (Pfcrt) and pyrimethamine (Pfdhfr) increased in recent years, while parasites sensitive to sulfadoxine (Pfdhps) and artemisinin (Pfk13) prevail in Ecuador. Therefore, the current treatment is still useful against P. falciparum. The frequent human migration between Ecuador and Colombia has likely contributed to the spread of resistant parasites. Keys words: Plasmodium falciparum, resistance, antimalarial, selective pressure, human migration.
Children’s and Adolescents Views of Health and Mental Health Concepts - A Qualitative Group Discussion Study
Authors: HASSLER Sven , STØRE Siri JAKOBSSON , PERSSON Louise , BECKMAN Linda 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background To explore children’s conceptualizations and perceptions of health and more specifically mental health.
Methods: Open semi-structured group discussions with 44 Swedish children and adolescents (10–14 years old) recruited from four schools were conducted. The interviews were conducted between April 2022 and January 2023. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.
Results: Children’s and adolescents' conceptualizing of health included aspects of both the body and the mind, with a focus on the latter. Mental health was expressed as a state of being, illustrated by various lived experiences of emotions, moods, and thoughts. The social world was ever present in their understanding of health, e.g., through the lenses of social and gender norms.
Conclusions: This study reveals young children’s recognition of health terms, showing their ability to observe nuances between mental health problems and everyday struggles. The children discussed mental health problems to a greater extent than mental health promotion. An implication of the study is the highlighted need to focus more on mental health promotion in future preventive programs. These findings might also potentially influence how school staff and student health team communicate with secondary children and adolescents about these concepts.
The Value of a Deep Learning Image Reconstruction Algorithm on Low Dose Triphasic-enhanced Renal CT
Authors: Ding Xiaobo , Li Jing , Qiu Xiang , Hu Xiaohan , Sun Pengfei , Zhang Shuai , Li Wenhuan , Remer Erick M , Wang Yanbo , Zhang Huimao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: While deep learning image reconstruction(DLIR) has been applied successfully in thoracic, abdominal, and vascular examinations, its application in low-dose renal CT protocols has not been previously explored.
Purpose: To explore the value of DLIR in reducing radiation dose and improving image quality in contrast-enhanced renal CT compared with the adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction Veo(ASIR-V).
Material and Methods: Methods: 129 renal disease patients underwent unenhanced and triphasic-enhanced CT scans, utilizing a standard 120 kVp dose for parenchymal-phase scans and a lower 100 kVp dose for corticomedullary-phase scans. Images in both phases were reconstructed with high-strength DLIR(DLIR-H), medium-strength DLIR(DLIR-M) and ASIR-V level 50%(ASIR-V-50%) for comparison. CT values and standard deviations were measured and compared for various tissues in both phases, and two radiologists assessed image quality using a 5-point Likert scale in seven aspects.
Results: A total of 118 patients were included, with corticomedullary-phase radiation dose reduced by over 15% compared to parenchymal-phase (CTDIvol: 6.57±2.13mGy vs. 7.75±2.63mGy). DLIR-M and DLIR-H exhibited significantly lower image noise in both phases compared to ASIR-V-50% (p<0.001). Corticomedullary-phase DLIR-M and DLIR-H images reduced subcutaneous-adipose tissue noise by 15% and 40% compared to parenchymal-phase ASIR-V-50%. Subjectively, DLIR-H (4.16±0.62) and DLIR-M (3.76±0.68) using 100 kVp outperformed ASIR-V-50% (3.42±0.52) at 120 kVp (p<0.001).
Conclusion: DLIR-H and DLIR-M significantly reduce image noise and generate images with better image quality and diagnostic confidence with a 15% dose reduction than ASIR-V-50%.
Clinical Trial Number
2023-278, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.