bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemical study of Aquaporin-1, Cyclooxygenase-2 and Apoptosis Protease-Activating Factor-1 expression in breast cancers. Preliminary study
Authors: Dénes L , Pap Zsuzsanna , Fehér I , Emőke Horváth , Mezei T , Bődi Zsuzsanna , Brînzaniuc Klara , Pávai Z 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The aim of the present study is to establish possible associations between Aquaporin-1, Cyclooxygenase-2 and Apoptosis Protease-Activating Factor-1 expression in breast cancers and pathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the examined tumors.
For the purpose of this study we used paraffin embedded archived tumor material of 31 breast cancer patients from the Pathology Department of the Odorheiu Secuiesc Municipal Hospital. We performed immunohistochemistry reactions ER, PR, HER2, AQP1, COX2 and APAF1, and following independent evaluation by two pathologists the obtained data was statistically analyzed. The tumors were divided into three groups based on their histological properties, and correlations were made with the examined markers.
AQP1, COX2 and APAF1 immunostaining results produced significant correlations with HER2 status and histological groups. There were no statistical correlations between ER or PR status and the three examined markers.
Lobular carcinomas showed AQP1 and COX2 overexpression, and loss of APAF1 expression, which all correlated with HER2 negative status.
We concluded that AQP1 could be a useful marker for detecting more aggressive subtypes and also for evaluating tumor angiogenesis. COX2 and APAF1 immunoexpression, although somewhat specific to certain histological groups, needs to be further characterized in order to be a useful marker for the clinical setting.
Gorilla gorilla: un mannequin anatomique, démontable, grandeur nature du 19ème siècle, en papier mâché de la maison Auzoux, exemplaire non coloré
Authors: Le Floch-Prigent P. , Gillot J.-B. , Barbet J.-P 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
L’anatomie du Gorille est peu étudiée et publiée, le plus souvent de manière partielle ou incomplète. Dans la deuxième moitié du 19ème siècle, le Docteur Auzoux, fabriquant français de modèles anatomiques en papier mâché qui avait atteint une notoriété internationale, avait reproduit l’anatomie d’un exemplaire de Gorilla gorilla qu’il avait disséqué lui-même. Malgré des spécificités esthétiques : pose accrochée à une branche, représentation en écorché à gauche et pour la partie médiane, représentation essentiellement osseuse à droite, ce modèle était une véritable pièce scientifique car chacun des éléments musculaires, démontables comportait sur sa face non visible outre un numéro d’ordre, l’innervation et l’action, parfois la vascularisation, en en faisant ainsi un véritable recueil de données anatomiques. Cet animal étant en danger d’extinction, ces données quasiment uniques en faisaient un conservatoire morphologique précieux en trois dimensions. Cet exemplaire était non coloré.
Obesity, an independent risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in NAFLD non-cirrhotic patients
Authors: Suceveanu Andra-Iulia , Mazilu Laura , Voinea F. , Suceveanu A.P , Parepa Irinel Raluca , Catrinoiu Doina , Tuta Liliana-Ana 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies with increasing incidence in developed countries. Epidemiological studies show that the cause of new discovered HCC cases remains unclear in 15%-50% of cases. Obesity and the subsequent/ underlying nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can be responsible for most of these cases. The aim of our study was to estimate the risk of HCC in obese patients diagnosed with NAFLD, without clinical or imagistic features of liver cirrhosis, in order to see if HCC can develop in fatty liver in the absence of cirrhosis. Patients with regular/daily alcohol consumption or diagnosed with liver viral infections were excluded. We studied 214 obese patients with NAFLD over a period of 5 years. We evaluated all patients using abdominal ultrasound and serum alpha-fetoprotein every 6 month, in order to detect the HCC occurrence. Kaplan-Meier analysis estimated the cumulative incidence of HCC. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to assess associations between HCC and obesity. The median follow-up was 4.3 years. During the study period, 16 from 118 cirrhotic NFLAD patients (13.5%) and 12 from 96 non-cirrhotic NAFLD patients (12.5 %) developed HCC (p = 0.07, ns). The cumulative incidence of HCC was found to be 2.9% in obese patients with NAFLD-cirrhosis, compared with 2.2% in obese patients without cirrhosis (p = 0.09, ns). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that older age (p = 0.04) was independent variable associated with development of HCC in patients with/without NAFLDcirrhosis. Obesity seems to be an independent risk factor for HCC occurrence, regardless the presence of mild or advanced liver fibrosis in NAFLD patients.
Analysis of the horizontal structure of a measurement and control geodetic network based on entropy
Authors: Mrówczyńska Maria 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The paper attempts to determine an optimum structure of a directional measurement and control network intended for investigating horizontal displacements. For this purpose it uses the notion of entropy as a logarithmical measure of probability of the state of a particular observation system. An optimum number of observations results from the difference of the entropy of the vector of parameters ΔHX̂ (x)corresponding to one extra observation. An increment of entropy interpreted as an increment of the amount of information about the state of the system determines the adoption or rejection of another extra observation to be carried out.
Analysis of geodetic and legal documentation in the process of expropriation for roads. Krakow case study
Authors: Trembecka Anna 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Amendment to the Act on special rules of preparation and implementation of investment in public roads resulted in an accelerated mode of acquisition of land for the development of roads. The decision to authorize the execution of road investment issued on its basis has several effects, i.e. determines the location of a road, approves surveying division, approves construction design and also results in acquisition of a real property by virtue of law by the State Treasury or local government unit, among others.
The conducted study revealed that over 3 years, in this mode, the city of Krakow has acquired 31 hectares of land intended for the implementation of road investments.
Compensation is determined in separate proceedings based on an appraisal study estimating property value, often at a distant time after the loss of land by the owner. One reason for the lengthy compensation proceedings is challenging the proposed amount of compensation, unregulated legal status of the property as well as imprecise legislation.
It is important to properly develop geodetic and legal documentation which accompanies the application for issuance of the decision and is also used in compensation proceedings.
Inclusion of the Corporate Income Tax Revenue into the Municipal Budget: Needs, Risks, and Solutions
Authors: Pūle Biruta 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The author assesses the opportunities for inclusion of the corporate income tax into the budgets of the local governments on whose territories there are legally registered companies. For this purpose the same territorial code principle is recommended, which is applied to administer personal income tax. In order to motivate companies to register legally and engage in business activities in the regions of Latvia, tax incentives should be established. The application of tax incentives need to be delegated to the local governments, thus ensuring their interest in business development in their territories. The diversion of corporate income tax into the budgets of local governments would significantly strengthen their budget revenue base, increasing the interest of municipalities into the development and modernization of the companies, as well as creation of new jobs. Inherent risks are defined, and possible solutions how to eliminate these risks are suggested.
Incidence of Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) Storage Rot in Latvia
Authors: Vilka Līga , Bankina Biruta 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) is a promising perspective and marketable crop both in Latvia and foreign markets, but an important problem is fruit rot in storage. The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence of cranberry fruit rot in storage from fruit collected in different locations in Latvia. In 2007-2011, two hundred sound berries (total 1200) were randomly collected by hand along a diagonal from six different cranberry plantations from locations all over Latvia in every year. Berries were kept in plastic polyethylene (PE-LD 04) bags for four months, refrigerated at +7 °C, 83% relative humidity. At the end of each month, berries were evaluated and rotten berries were separated from the sound ones. Over the period of 2007-2011, the optimal time for cranberry storage was two months, when losses due to fruit rot reached up to 18-21%. The incidence of storage rot at the end of storage period after four months (February) reached 50-88%. The hot and rainy summer of 2010 significantly reduced the quality of fruit in storage, and spoilage reached on the average 88% (74-100%) of berries in the plantations. The incidence of fruit rot varied among the surveyed cranberry growing sites. Storage rot is a problem in cranberry samples from all inspected plantations in Latvia and in the future, the incidence of fruit rot is expected to increase, because the greatest part of growers believe that American cranberries can grow in the same way as wild cranberries, without fertilisation and pesticide use
Registration of untypical 3D objects in Polish cadastre – do we need 3D cadastre?
Authors: Marcin Karabin 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Polish cadastral system consists of two registers: cadastre and land register. The cadastre register data on cadastral objects (land, buildings and premises) in particular location (in a two-dimensional coordinate system) and their attributes as well as data about the owners. The land register contains data concerned ownerships and other rights to the property. Registration of a land parcel without spatial objects located on the surface is not problematic. Registration of buildings and premises in typical cases is not a problem either. The situation becomes more complicated in cases of multiple use of space above the parcel and with more complex construction of the buildings.
The paper presents rules concerning the registration of various untypical 3D objects located within the city of Warsaw. The analysis of the data concerning those objects registered in the cadastre and land register is presented in the paper. And this is the next part of the author’s detailed research. The aim of this paper is to answer the question if we really need 3D cadastre in Poland.
Appropriateness of Antibiotic Use in Enteric fever inpatients in Tertiary Care Hospitals in Western Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alam Kadir , Mishra P , Angsulee NK 
Published: June 2013

Background: Enteric fever, also known as typhoid fever, is a commonly diagnosed disease in Nepal. Globally, enteric fever affects 21.6 million people and causes 216500 deaths annually. Appropriate use of antibiotics is a key element in the successful treatment of enteric fever. Objective: The study was aimed to study antibiotic use and their appropriateness in the patient with Enteric Fever. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in two tertiary-care hospitals viz. Manipal Teaching Hospital (MTH) and Western Regional Hospital (WRH) in western Nepal between Aug- September 2010. Appropriateness in this study was assessed using Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI) criteria which include indication, effectiveness, dosage, correct directions, practical directions, drug-drug interactions, drug-disease interactions, duplication, duration and expense. Results: Mean use of antibiotics in WRH (2.18±0.87) was not significantly different (P = 0.015) from MTH (2.13±1.11). The Cephalosporin group of antibiotics was used widely to treat enteric fever in both hospitals. On average 1.12 Cephalosporin per patient in MTH and 0.93 Cephalosporin per patient in WRH were used. On average, we found that 31.7% in MTH and 39.5% in WRH of patient’s treatments with antibiotics were inappropriate. Other common types of inappropriateness are expensive drugs [90% (MTH), 92% (WRH)] duplication of antibiotics [53% (MTH), 822% (WRH)], prescribing high generation antibiotics [80% (MTH), 89% (WRH)], and practical direction [17% (MTH), 33% (WRH)]. Conclusion: Conclusively, more than thirty percent of patients in both of hospitals treated for enteric fever received inappropriate antibiotics. Hence we recommend future education or managerial intervention to improve appropriateness. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v3i1.8289 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2013;3 (1): 236-242
Improving the Accuracy of Electronic Moisture Meters for Runner-Type Peanuts
Authors: Lamb M. C. , Butts C. L. , Blankenship P. D. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT
Runner-type peanut kernel moisture content (MC) is measured periodically during curing and post harvest processing with electronic moisture meters for marketing and quality control. MC is predicted for 250 g samples of kernels with a mathematical function from measurements of various physical properties. To examine the accuracy of the function used in the Dickey-john GAC2100 for measuring MC of runner-type peanuts, 421 samples were measured with the meter and compared to oven MC data subsequently determined using ASAE Standard S410.1. Peanut moisture content for the peanuts according to the meter averaged 19.1% with a SD of 15.4%. Oven moisture contents had a mean of 17.3% and a SD of 8.5%. Means were significantly different (P  =  0.001). A calibration equation was derived from capacitance, conductance, temperature, and test weight data provided by the meter and compared to oven MC data. Moisture contents calculated from the calibration equation had a 17.3% mean and an 8.5% SD equaling values for oven determined moisture contents. Results of the study indicate that the accuracy of the meter in predicting moisture content can be improved considerably utilizing currently collected data and the derived calibration equation developed.
Temporal Analysis of Branches Pod Production in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) Genotypes with Different Growth Habits and Branching Patterns
Authors: Giayetto O , Morla F. D. , Fernandez E. M. , Cerioni G. A. , Kearney M. , Rosso M. B. , Violante M. G. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTPeanut is an annual crop with indeterminate growth habits and different branching patterns. The combination of these parameters produces different modes of pod distribution in the soil, mainly due to spatial and temporal variation in the gynophore penetration and subsequent pod development. Different levels of lateral and main stem branches have variable influences on plant yield. Branch influence on yield also is significantly different among virginia, runner, and spanish cultivars. The objective of this study was to describe and quantify the number and weight of pod determinations for each branch type, and to estimate the relationship with prevailing mean temperature and solar radiation during the respective moment. The study was carried out under field conditions using two genotypes sowed at three different dates. The differences in the relative contribution to pod yield provided by each branch are due to the critical period of determination of number and weight of pods. Critical periods differ between genotypes, and are dependent on the growth habit and branching pattern. Branches with a greater contribution to pod yield (n+1 cotyledonary and others with 65 to 67%, and n+2 cotyledonary with 24 to 26%) have an earlier onset, higher rate of appearance and pod growth, and longer duration of these critical stages. However, there was no difference in the amount of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR) and mean temperature due to temporal overlap of these stages in the main branch categories (cotyledonary n+1 and n+2, and other n+1). Instead, the partitioning coefficient (p) was different among branch types, due to the sink strength (number and weight of pods) in both cultivars. Thus, p ranged 0.01–0.32 and 0.01–0.33 in Utre, and between 0.02–0.24 and 0.03–0.26 for number and weight of pods in Granoleico, respectively. This sink strength, in turn, is greater in the branches that first define the yield components, thus giving them a comparative advantage with respect to later ontogenetic development branches. These results suggest that to improve peanut yield it may be desirable obtain cultivar with lower indetermination growth level and more branch types of earlier onset.
Stability Analysis of Incidence of Tomato Spotted Wilt in Virginia-Type Peanut Cultivars and Breeding Lines
Authors: Isleib T. G. , Milla-Lewis S. R. , Dong W. B. , Copeland S. C. , Shew B. B. , Arellano C. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT
Tomato spotted wilt (TSW) caused by Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV) has become a serious constraint to peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production in the Virginia-Carolina production area. Regression stability analysis was applied to TSW incidence data collected in 64 trials conducted over 17 years to determine if an array of 31 virginia-type cultivars and breeding lines exhibited variation in their reactions to increasing levels of general TSW intensity compared with the standard field-resistant cultivar Georgia Green and hirsuta-type line PI 576636. Eight cultivars (NC 7, NC 9, NC 10C, NC-V 11, NC 12C, Perry, Phillips, and Brantley) had mean effects greater than zero (P&lt;0.01) while Bailey, four Bailey siblings, and N96076L, Bailey's resistant parent, all had mean effects less than zero (P&lt;0.01). The deviations of the slope of regression on environmental index (β̂k) for four of the eight susceptible cultivars were greater than zero, indicating greater than average reaction to increased levels of TSW. The β̂k for Bailey indicated that its response to increasing levels of TSW was flat. PI 576636 was confirmed as a highly field-resistant line. The slopes of Georgia Green, the standard TSWV-resistant runner-type cultivar, the Bailey siblings and N96076L did not differ from the average of all lines. The correlation between mean effect and β̂k was r  =  0.693, indicating that approximately half the variation in β̂k could be explained by mean effects. However, the regression analysis provided information useful in describing the TSW reactions of the lines and cultivars.
Comparison of Virginia and Runner-Type Peanut Cultivars for Development, Disease, Yield Potential, and Grade Factors in Eastern Virginia
Authors: Balota M. , Phipps P. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important crop in the Virginia-Carolina (VC) region. Virginia-type cultivars are preferred vs. other peanut types because of the in-shell and gourmet markets that evolved in the VC region around this peanut type. Reduced federal support coupled with increased production costs for the virginia-type peanut vs. other peanut types and recently higher fuel and pesticide prices are good reasons for farmers to consider growing other peanut types than virginia-type in the VC region. Earlier research suggested that runner-type peanut can provide yield, gross value, and economic return similar with virginia-type when grown in the VC region. However, direct comparison of runner and virginia-type cultivars needs to be updated as new cultivars become available. In this study we compared four runner-types with five virginia-type cultivars for plant development, disease incidence, pod yield, pod brightness, grade factors, and gross value in 2009 and 2010. In agreement with earlier findings, the results show that runner-types can provide similar gross returns with virginia-type peanut cultivars when grown in the northern VC region. Florida 07 runner and Bailey virginia-type, currently the most popular cultivars in the VC region, had high yields and gross values in both years. However, Florida 07 and other runners matured later and pods were less bright when compared with the virginia-types. Therefore, growing runners in the northern VC region may be challenging due shorter seasons and reduced pod brightness if peanut is used for in-shell markets.
Vers un parlement mondial
Authors: Falk Richard , Strauss Andrew , Lourme Louis 
Published: July 2013

Cet article de Richard Falk et Andrew Strauss paru dans Foreign Affairs (vol. 80, n? 1, janvier-février 2001) imagine la construction d’un parlement mondial. Bien qu’un tel projet puisse évidemment sembler utopique, les auteurs entendent en montrer la nécessité historique et politique. Depuis une dizaine d’années, cette proposition a été très largement débattue dans le champ des études politiques contemporaines anglo-saxonnes. L’article proposé ici est le point de départ de ce débat. À la suite de sa parution, les auteurs n’ont cessé d’approfondir leur conception d’une nouvelle assemblée mondiale qui s’ajouterait à l’assemblée générale des Nations unies, pour démocratiser la gouvernance mondiale.
Les Jéco 2012, cinquième édition
Authors: Le Merrer Pascal 
Published: July 2013

Les Jéco 2012 avaient pour thème général : « Comment faire autrement ? » Depuis le déclenchement de la crise financière en 2007, les questions se sont enchaînées : logiquement, on a commencé par rechercher les causes, puis on s’est interrogé sur l’ampleur de la récession et sur sa durée. Enfin, les réflexions se sont multipliées sur les voies à emprunter pour retrouver le chemin de la croissance économique. Un constat s’impose : à tous les niveaux d’analyse, une idée revient, « on ne pourra plus faire comme avant ». Il faut repenser le rôle de l’État, des marchés, des territoires, les formes de gouvernance – tant au niveau des entreprises que des institutions publiques –, les stratégies d’innovation, les mesures et les incitations à mettre en œuvre pour surmonter les défis environnementaux et sociaux... Sur ces sujets, seize économistes ont apporté leurs réflexions dans un numéro spécial de Problèmes économiques dédié à ces Journées (en ligne [1]). Ce dossier est l’occasion de revenir sur quatre conférences qui se sont déroulées dans ce cadre. Chaque rédacteur a repris le contenu de ces interventions en précisant les points qui semblaient essentiels et en prolongeant les analyses afin d’apporter la synthèse la plus utile possible sur chacun des sujets. Ceux qui souhaitent prolonger ce dossier pourront retrouver des entretiens sur le blog des Jéco[2], ainsi que les vidéos de nombreuses conférences qui se sont tenues sur l’ensemble des cinq éditions, dans la bibliothèque virtuelle[3]. [1] www.journeeseconomie.org/pbeco2012 [2] Blog des Jéco, alimenté par des étudiants en journalisme économique : http://www.journeeseconomie.org/blog/ [3] www.touteconomie.org/bibli
Sur le « scénarique »
Authors: Mitterand Henri 
Published: July 2013

La critique génétique des phrases et des suites de phrases scrute l’enchaînement des corrections apparues d’un point à un autre de la chaîne verbale. Complémentairement, la critique génétique scénarique étudie la genèse et les transformations des scénarios d’ensemble et des modes d’enchaînement des unités narratives. On propose ici qu’elle ne s’attache pas seulement aux structures de surface de cette narraturgie, mais aussi à ses structures profondes. D’une part en distinguant les étapes virtuelles de toute scénarisation – actualisées ou non : le scénario (« scénario » flaubertien ou « ébauche » zolienne), le découpage, le montage, la composition. D’autre part en faisant appel à une sémiotique générative qui dégagera les noyaux invariants, subtextuels ou actualisés, de la composition narrative, et étudiera leur montée et leurs transformations dans l’avant-texte, au plan paradigmatique (actanciel) et au plan syntagmatique (programmatique). L’article prend pour exemple l’ébauche de L’Assommoir.