bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calderón preconditioner for a marching‐on‐in‐degree solution of time‐domain electric field integral equation
Authors: Shi Yan , Tang Wei , Liang Chang‐Hong 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTA marching‐on‐in‐degree (MOD)‐based scheme has been developed to solve a Calderón preconditioned time‐domain electric field integral equation (TDEFIE) for the analysis of transient scattering from an arbitrarily closed conducting object. By using the time‐domain Calderón identity, the TDEFIE is immune to dense mesh breakdown. With the use of weighted Laguerre polynomials as entire‐domain temporal basis functions and the Galerkin temporal testing procedure, the MOD algorithm overcomes the late‐time instability. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm can give rise to rapidly convergent solutions. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1069–1072, 2014
Compact and miniaturized bandstop filter developed using slot spurline technique
Authors: Shrestha Bhanu , Kim Nam‐Young 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA compact and miniaturized bandstop filter (BSF) developed based on the slot spurline technique was designed and characterized. The reflection zero of the BSF was carefully controlled through optimized simulations. Two meandered lines were used to enhance the coupling effect and to control the frequency of the BSF. These double spiral slot lines were used to achieve the dual mode of operation as well as to optimize the insertion loss by adjusting the length of the slot lines. Therefore, the proposed BSF achieves a low insertion loss and wider band‐rejection characteristics. The operating frequency of the BSF is 10.5 GHz for X‐band applications, with a minimum insertion loss of less than −25 dB and a return loss below −1.2 dB based on measurement results. The results obtained for this resonator demonstrate the possibility of integrating the device into small structures via MMIC technology. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1029–1031, 2014
A high gain patch antenna based PN zero permeability metamaterial
Authors: Hou Quanwen W. , Su Yan Y. , Zhao Xiaopeng P. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA zero refractive index metamaterial is designed, and the zero refractive index is caused by the magnetic resonance. Based on the metamaterial, a zero index lens antenna is designed, fabricated, and measured. Due to the wave converging effect of the zero index lens, the gain of the new designed antenna reaches 11.7 and 4.8 dB higher than the original antenna without the lens. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1065–1069, 2014
Simple ku‐band radio over fiber system with high‐dispersion tolerance using a polymer‐based microring resonator filter
Authors: Gu Yiying , Han Xiuyou , Wang Linghua , Wang Jinyan , Wu Zhenlin , Zhao Mingshan 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis article presents an optical single sideband (SSB) signal generation in radio over fiber system using a polymeric microring resonator as an optical notch filter, alleviating the fiber chromatic dispersion‐induced carrier fading problem. With this technique, optical SSB radio frequency (RF) signal with a RF frequency of 14.35 GHz carrying 40‐Mbps quadrature phase shift keying vector signal is generated. This signal is transmitted over 25‐km standard single‐mode fiber successfully, and the received signal error vector magnitude is 5.8% rms. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1129–1133, 2014
Novel balanced wideband filters using microstrip coupled lines
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Hua , Zhang Hualiang 
Published: March 2014

AbstractIn this article, a novel balanced wideband filter based on microstrip coupled lines is proposed. It features characteristics such as wide bandwidth, compact size, and good common‐mode suppression. The proposed balanced filter was calculated analytically, simulated by full‐wave electromagnetic simulator and validated by the measurements. The calculated, simulated, and measured results are in good agreement with each other. The experimental results show that it can allow the differential‐mode signal to be transmitted with low insertion loss across a wide frequency band, whereas the common‐mode signal will be well suppressed. The fractional bandwidth of the designed filter is 88%. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1139–1141, 2014
An ultrawideband single Notched‐Band bandpass filter by consisting of CRLH TL and EOS
Authors: Yi Qiang , Zhang Meng , Zhou Fukun , Luo Xingfang 
Published: March 2014

AbstractAn ultrawideband (UWB) band pass filter (BPF) with a single notched band is presented in this article according to the UWB system and is easy to be interfered with the narrow band signals. To avoid the undesired interferences such as wireless local area networks signals, an embedded open‐circuited stub (EOS) is used to obtain a narrow notched band. The proposed filter is mainly composed of one composite right/left handed transmission line unit cell and an EOS. The simulation results show that 3‐dB passband of the BPF is from 2.68 to 10.75 GHz. The variation of group delay is less than 0.1 ns in the passband except for the notched band. The characteristic of frequency response at center frequency around 5.25 GHz is about −38 dB which represents the good rejection performance. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1115–1118, 2014
Compact sectoral fractal planar monopole antenna for wideband wireless applications
Authors: Choukiker Yogesh Kumar , Behera Santanu Kumar 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA compact size sectoral fractal planar monopole antenna is proposed for wideband wireless application. The feed circuit is a 50‐Ω microstrip line with a matching section over a rectangular ground plane. The measured −10 dB reflection bandwidth for frequency range (3.22–6.55 GHz) is 68.04% covering WiMAX (3.4–3.6 and 3.7–4.2 GHz), Wi‐Fi 802.11y (3.6–3.7 GHz), and WLAN 802.11 (5.31–6.32 GHz). This antenna has acceptable agreement is obtained for the simulated and measured antenna performance parameters. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1073–1076, 2014
Theoretical models for microwave pulse induced thermal failure in CMOS integrated circuits
Authors: Chen Jie , Du Zhengwei 
Published: March 2014

AbstractCritical issues regarding the microwave pulse induced irreversible failures in individual metal–oxide–semiconductor field‐effect transistors and CMOS integrated circuits have been well addressed in this article. The fundamental mechanisms for irreversible failures are analyzed, and a theoretical foundation based on the microwave pulse induced thermal effects is developed. Two theoretical models that capture the effects of pulse width and pulse repetition frequency (PRF), respectively, are formulated. In comparison to the numerical results obtained from device simulations and the experimental data reported in literature, the validity of these two theoretical models has been verified. The pulse width dependent failure model describes an asymptotic behavior of a failure threshold versus pulse width dependence. It suggests a substantial decrease in the failure threshold for very short pulse width range and a smooth transition to constant power requirement for long pulse width range due to thermal equilibrium. The PRF dependent failure model indicates an inverse relationship between the failure threshold and the PRF or the number of pulses. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1144–1151, 2014
Evaluation of nonlinear distortion in optically switchable UWB filters
Authors: Chakrabarty K. , Rabbi K. , Panagamuwa C. , Kodogiannis V. , Budimir Djuradj 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis article provides a complete evaluation of nonlinear distortion for a switchable ultrawideband (UWB) filter. The proposed structure can provide a good performance with very little loss. An optical switch is used to switch the filter from bandpass to bandstop response at the same UWB spectrum. The switch comprises of a silicon dice which can be activated using near infrared light. The switchable UWB filter behaves as a bandpass filter while the switch is in the ON state and acts as a bandstop filter while in the OFF state. The filter was fabricated with the optical switch incorporated in it. Distortion measure was carried out using 5 MHz digitally modulated signals such as WCDMA and LTE. Distortion analysis carried out on the optically reconfigurable filter proved it to be highly linear. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1092–1094, 2014
A CPW‐fed printed antenna with band‐notched function using an M‐shaped slot
Authors: Zehforoosh Yashar , Sedghi Tohid 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTA recently designed printed slot antenna is presented that incorporates variable band‐notched function for ultrawideband applications. The band notch of this coplanar waveguide fed antenna is achieved by an M‐shaped slot embedded in the radiating element, so a narrow rejected property in the wireless local area network band (5.15–5.825 GHz) is obtained. The rectangular aperture etched in the square ground plane has a determinative role in antenna's impedance band width (IBW) enhancement, and carefully adjusting it leads to wide IBW that due to simulated results it covers the frequency range 2.58–12.86 GHz with VSWR ≤ 2, which corresponds to a fractional bandwidth of 133% excluding the rejected band around 5.04–6.08 GHz. Numerical and experimental results are presented to understand its behavior. The volume of the proposed antenna is 25 × 25 × 0.8 mm3. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1088–1092, 2014
A broadband slab lens antenna formed from gradient refractive index metamaterials composed of cross‐shaped cells
Authors: Yuan Guishan , Dong Xiaochun , Deng Qiling , Liu Chunheng , Lu Yueguang , Shi Haofei , Du Chunlei 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA slab lens antenna has been designed to enhance the directivity of a horn antenna efficiently in a wide range of frequencies. A gradient refractive index metamaterial is utilized to compensate phases of electromagnetic waves radiated from a horn, which can transform the cylindrical wave into a plane wave. To obtain broadband property, the gradient refractive index metamaterial composed of cross‐shaped conductor, which works in a nonresonant status is designed, and the metamaterial is proved to be broadband, polarization insensitive, and lossless. The slab lens is designed by a collection of metamaterial unit cells with different geometric parameters, where the effective refractive index of the unit cells are determined by the size of cross‐shaped conductors to form the required inhomogeneous refractive index distribution. The simulation and experiment results show that the lens located in front of a horn can considerably compress the antenna's radiation patterns over a wide band range from 12 to 18 GHz. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1124–1129, 2014
An X‐band CMOS power amplifier with a driver stage using a shot‐through current rejection technique
Authors: Park Jonghoon , Park Changkun 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTIn this study, we design an X‐band switching‐mode CMOS power amplifier using 0.13‐μm RF CMOS process. The power amplifier is composed of driver and power stages. In this study, we focus on the power consumption of the driver stage. To minimize power consumption, we propose a shot‐through current rejection technique for the Class‐D amplifier used as a driver stage of the CMOS power amplifier. We split the gate bias of the NMOS and PMOS of the Class‐D amplifier using DC‐blocking capacitors to control the shot‐through current. From the measured results, we successfully prove the feasibility of the proposed technique. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1159–1162, 2014
Effect of Ba‐Co ferrite on bandwidth of monopole antenna
Authors: Lin Wen‐Kuan , Chen Lih‐Shan , Wang Chia‐Hung 
Published: March 2014

AbstractCharacteristics of circular monopole antenna coated with lossy ferrite film was investigated and compared to the original antenna. The adopted coating material is hexagonal barium‐cobalt ferrite (Ba4Co2Fe36O60), which plays the role of microwave absorption in the ultrawideband, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the antenna. It was found that the maximum radiation efficiency of antenna reduced slightly from 87 to 68% due to microwave absorption of ferrite film. However, by the use of ferrite film, the bandwidth significantly increased from 8.5 to above 16.6 GHz, and the first resonance frequency reduced from 4.4 to 4.1 GHz. Both simulated and measured results showed that Ba‐Co ferrite film is effective in broadening of bandwidth, while retaining acceptable radiation efficiency. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1181–1184, 2014
A CPW‐fed circular wide‐slot UWB antenna with dual‐notch bands by combining slot and parasitic element techniques
Authors: Li Yingsong , Li Wenxing , Ye Qiubo 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTA compact coplanar waveguide fed circular wide‐slot antenna with dual‐band‐notched characteristic is proposed by using an arc‐shaped slot (ASS) and an arc‐shaped parasitic element (ASPE) for ultra‐wideband (UWB) communication applications. The center frequencies of the dual‐notch bands can be tuned in a wide range by adjusting the parameters of the ASS and the ASPE. Both the numerical and experimental results show that the proposed antenna can operate over a wide frequency band ranging from 2.7 to 12 GHz with VSWR < 2, with the exception of the two notch bands operating at wireless local area network band and X‐band. In addition, the proposed antenna has a compact size and omnidirectional radiation pattern, which is suitable for UWB communication applications. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1240–1244, 2014
CPW‐FED circularly polarized asymmetric square‐ring patch antenna for RFID applications
Authors: Li Xuehui , Ren Xueshi , Yin Yingzeng , Wu Jianjun , Li Zhaoxing 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTA novel coplanar‐waveguide (CPW)‐fed circularly polarized (CP) asymmetric square‐ring patch antenna for radio frequency identification applications is presented. The circular polarization radiation is obtained simply by loading an asymmetric square‐ring on the opposite side of the CPW‐fed structure. The asymmetric square‐ring consists of a square‐ring and two bevels, which greatly contributes to pure circular polarization characteristics. For the optimized antenna prototype, experimental results show that the 10‐dB return loss and the 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidths are 10.2% (2.29–2.54 GHz) and 6.9% (2.33–2.5 GHz), respectively, which agree well with the simulated results. Detailed design results of the proposed antenna have been studied by high frequency structure simulator and experiments. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1232–1235, 2014
A microwave switchable low‐noise power amplifier for an active backscatter tag
Authors: Prades Jeremie , Ghiotto Anthony , Taris Thierry , Regimbal Nicolas , Pham Jean‐Marie , Dupuy Victor , Kerherve Eric 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTThis article reports the design of a switchable low‐noise power amplifier (LNPA) intended for an active backscatter tag used in microwave localization and positioning applications. Due to system specifications, the backscattering transponder requires an amplifier having both low‐noise and high‐output power characteristics at the same time. Low‐noise amplifier and PA design considerations are both taken into account to realize a single structure achieving the required performances. The proposed LNPA is operating in the frequency range of 4.5–5.8 GHz. It achieves a gain of 21 dB with a ripple of ±1 dB, a noise figure of less than 2.5 dB, and an output compression point at −1 dB of 11 dBm over the operational bandwidth. This structure can be switched on and off by a control signal to modulate the tag radar cross section and enable distance measurement. A packaged prototype of the LNPA was fabricated and measured. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1251–1255, 2014
Effizientere Bildverarbeitung
Authors: Heard Carlton 
Published: March 2014

AbstractHeutzutage müssen produzierende Unternehmen bei steigender Qualität und Quantität immer kostengünstiger arbeiten, Roboter werden intelligenter und flexibler und die Automatisierung ist ein topaktuelles Thema, das von zahlreichen Ressourcen unterstützt wird. Die Bildverarbeitung spielt eine Schlüsselrolle bei diesen Trends und hat in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten einen großen Aufschwung erfahren. Die Leistung von Bildverarbeitungsanwendungen war jedoch stets an die Fortschritte bei der CPU‐Geschwindigkeit gekoppelt. So konnte die Bildverarbeitung mit steigender CPU‐Frequenz immer komplexere Algorithmen bei höheren Kamerabildraten und Auflösungen ausführen. Doch im Vergleich zu den beinahe exponentiellen Wachstumsraten des vergangenen Jahrzehnts ist die Steigerung der CPU‐Leistung in letzter Zeit merklich abgeflaut.
Multidimensionale Analysedaten
Authors: Haschke Michael , Kanngießer Birgit 
Published: March 2014

AbstractAnalytische Methoden mit räumlicher und / oder zeitlicher Auflösung erzeugen multidimensionale Datensätze, für deren Darstellung es verschiedene Möglichkeiten gibt. Bei elementanalytischen Methoden wird häufig die räumliche Verteilung der Elemente dargestellt. Diese Daten enthalten in der Regel eine Vielzahl von Informationen. Deren Auswertung insbesondere durch Extraktion von speziellen Informationen und deren Interpretation ist eine komplexe Aufgabenstellung, die auch von der jeweiligen analytischen Problemstellung bestimmt wird. Die hier dargestellten Überlegungen schließen an den ersten Teil der Publikation an [1], in der die Einflüsse der verschiedenen Messparameter auf die Qualität von Verteilungsbildern diskutiert wurden. In diesem Teil werden wieder anhand von Messungen mit der Mikro‐Röntgenfluoreszenz (μ‐RFA) die unterschiedlichen Möglichkeiten der Datendarstellung vorgestellt und Beispiele für die Datenextraktion mittels Phasenanalyse sowie anderen chemometrischen und multivarianten Auswertemethoden diskutiert.
Multiplex profiling of tumor‐associated proteolytic activity in serum of colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Yepes Diego , Costina Victor , Pilz Lothar R. , Hofheinz Ralf , Neumaier Michael , Findeisen Peter 
Published: March 2014

PurposeThe monitoring of tumor‐associated protease activity in blood specimens has recently been proposed as new diagnostic tool in cancer research. In this paper, we describe the screening of a peptide library for identification of reporter peptides (RPs) that are selectively cleaved in serum specimens from colorectal cancer patients and investigate the benefits of RP multiplexing.Experimental designA library of 144 RPs was constructed that contained amino acid sequences of abundant plasma proteins. Proteolytic cleavage of RPs was monitored with MS. Five RPs that were selectively cleaved in serum specimens from tumor patients were selected for further validation in serum specimens of colorectal tumor patients (n = 30) and nonmalignant controls (n = 60).ResultsRP spiking and subsequent quantification of proteolytic fragments with LC‐MS showed good reproducibility with CVs always below 26%. The linear discriminant analysis and PCA revealed that a combination of RPs for diagnostic classification is superior to single markers. Classification accuracy reached 88% (79/90) when all five markers were combined.Conclusions and clinical relevanceFunctional protease profiling with RPs might improve the laboratory‐based diagnosis, monitoring and prognosis of malignant disease, and has to be evaluated thoroughly in future studies.
Defect studies on Ar‐implanted ZnO thin films
Authors: Schmidt Florian , Müller Stefan , Pickenhain Rainer , von Wenckstern Holger , Geburt Sebastian , Ronning Carsten , Grundmann Marius 
Published: March 2014

Pulsed‐laser deposited ZnO thin films were implanted with Ar‐ions to generate intrinsic defects within the material. The defects created were analyzed by deep‐level and optical deep‐level transient spectroscopy. Deep‐level defects with thermal activation energies of 980 and appear after implantation. In order to study the annealing behavior of these defects, the implanted samples were isochronously annealed under an oxygen ambient of at temperatures ranging from 120 to . Both defects are annealed out after annealing for 1 h at .(O)DLTS signal of an 40Ar‐implanted ZnO thin film under (a) dark condition and (b) under illumination with photons having a wavelength of .
Comparison of vaginal mesh repair with sacrospinous vaginal colpopexy in the management of vaginal vault prolapse after hysterectomy in patients with levator ani avulsion: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Svabik K. , Martan A. , Masata J. , El‐Haddad R. , Hubka P. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of two standard surgical procedures for post‐hysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse in patients with levator ani avulsion.MethodsThis was a single‐center, randomized interventional trial, of two standard surgical procedures for post‐hysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse: Prolift Total vs unilateral vaginal sacrospinous colpopexy with native tissue vaginal repair (sacrospinous fixation, SSF), during the period from 2008 to 2011. Entry criteria included at least two‐compartment prolapse, as well as complete unilateral or bilateral levator ani avulsion injury. The primary outcome was anatomical failure based on clinical and ultrasound assessment. Failure was defined clinically, according to the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification system, as Ba, C or Bp at the hymen or below, and on translabial ultrasound as bladder descent to 10 mm or more below the lower margin of the symphysis pubis on maximum Valsalva maneuver. Secondary outcomes were evaluation of continence, sexual function and prolapse symptoms based on validated questionnaires.ResultsDuring the study period, 142 patients who were post‐hysterectomy underwent surgery for prolapse in our unit; 72 of these were diagnosed with an avulsion injury and were offered participation in the study. Seventy patients were randomized into two groups: 36 in the Prolift group and 34 in the SSF group. On clinical examination at 1‐year follow‐up, we observed one (3%) case of anatomical failure in the Prolift group and 22 (65%) in the SSF group (P < 0.001). Using ultrasound criteria, there was one (2.8%) failure in the Prolift group compared with 21 (61.8%) in the SSF group (P < 0.001). The postoperative POPDI (Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory) score for subjective outcome was 15.3 in the Prolift group vs 21.7 in the SSF group (P = 0.16).ConclusionIn patients with prolapse after hysterectomy and levator ani avulsion injury, SSF has a higher anatomical failure rate than does the Prolift Total procedure at 1‐year follow‐up. Copyright © 2014 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.