bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved time and frequency synchronization in presence of imperfect channel state information
Authors: Nguyen Cong Luong , Mokraoui Anissa , Duhamel Pierre , Linh-Trung Nguyen 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
This paper addresses altogether time and frequency synchronization in IEEE 802.11a orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) wireless communication systems. The proposed algorithms have two main features: (i) they make use of an additional source of information available at IEEE 802.11a physical layer, on top of the usual ones typically adopted for synchronization such as training sequences. This additional source of information is provided by the higher layers of the communication protocol. In fact, when the carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol is activated, the receiver is able to predict some parts of the SIGNAL field that are classically assumed unknown. Moreover, during the negotiation of the transmission medium reservation, the exchanged frames not only help the receiver to predict the SIGNAL field but also to obtain information about the channel state. (ii) Based on this property, we propose a joint MAP time and frequency synchronization algorithm using all available information. Finally, the time synchronization is fine tuned by means of a specific metric in the frequency domain that allows us to minimize the expectation of the transmission error function over all channel estimate errors. Simulation results compliant with the IEEE 802.11a standard in both indoor and outdoor environments show that the proposed algorithm drastically improves the performance in terms of synchronization failure probability and bit error ratio, compared to state-of-the-art algorithms.
Dynamic Adsorption of Cd2+ Onto Acid-Modified Attapulgite From Aqueous Solution
Authors: Guo Na , Wang Jin-Sheng , Li Jian , Teng Yan-Guo , Zhai Yuan-Zheng 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn the present study, acid-modified attapulgite was used, as an adsorbent, to remove as much Cd2+ as possible from aqueous solution. Static adsorption experiments using powdered acid-modified attapulgite, and dynamic adsorption using granular acid-modifed attapulgite, were conducted to explore the practical application of modified attapulgite in the adsorption of Cd2+. The modified attapulgite had a larger specific surface area and thinner fibrous crystals than the unmodified version. No obvious differences were noted, in terms of the crystal structure, between the natural attapulgite and the modified version. The effects of initial concentration, pH, contact time, and ionic strength on the adsorption of Cd2+ were investigated, and the results showed that the adsorption capacity of the modified attapulgite was increased with increasing pH and the initial Cd2+ concentration. The adsorption properties were analyzed by means of dynamic adsorption tests with respect to various Cd2+ concentrations and flow rates. The maximum adsorption capacity of 8.83 mg/g occurred at a flow rate of 1 mL/min and at an initial concentration of 75 mg/L. Because there was better accord between the data and a pseudo-second order model than a pseudo-first-order model, external mass transfer is suggested to be the rate-controlling process. The experimental data were also fitted for the intraparticle diffusion model, implying that the intraparticle diffusion of Cd2+ onto the modified attapulgite was also important for controlling the adsorption process. The Bohart-Adams model was more suitable than the Thomas model for describing the dynamic behavior with respect to the flow rate and the initial Cd2+ concentration. This research provided the theoretical basis for the dynamic adsorption of Cd2+ on the modified attapulgite. Compared to the powdered modified attapulgite, the dynamic adsorption by granular modified attapulgite appeared more favorable in terms of practical application.
El secreto de sus ojos: An Argentine male melodrama
Authors: Rocha Carolina 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The award-winning film, El secreto de sus ojos (2009), by Campanella, has been studied as a film dealing with the impunity of the most recent Argentine military dictatorship (1976–1983). In this article, I consider El secreto as a melodrama in which male characters are ruled by their feelings. I focus on the leading actor, Ricardo Darín who, in his role as Benjamín Espósito, can be characterized as a fallen man, as he suffers from a trauma that impinges on his emotions, inner circle and ability to perform in the public sphere.
Masculinity in Crisis? – What a Man (2011) and the German ‘relationship comedy’
Authors: von Eicken Verena 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
This article discusses the German romantic comedy What a Man (Schweighöfer, 2011) as a continuation of the Comedy Wave of 1990s German film. Eric Rentschler dismissed these ‘New German Comedies’ for being conservative and pedestrian in form and content, considering them the epitome of the ‘cinema of consensus’. It is argued that What a Man, while highly similar to the 1990s ‘relationship comedies’ in its narrative structure and content, is indicative of a shift in dominant ideas and values relating to romantic relationships between the 1990s and 2010s, moving away from a display of male chauvinism and sexism and replacing it with gender images that reflect both the ongoing female emancipation and a crisis of masculinity. What a Man is analysed in relation to two current sub-genres of the romantic comedy, the German ‘postromance’ and the American ‘geek-centred comedy’, in order to place the film within discernible production trends that explore changing gender roles in western societies. The article also situates What a Man in the context of German film production by exploring how its generic affiliation, choice of location and use of public funding ensure its success as a mainstream, popular film.
Profiles of alkali concentration and galactoglucomannan degradation in kraft impregnation of Scots pine wood: Experimental observations and modeling
Authors: Montagna Pablo N. , Nieminen Kaarlo , Inalbon María C. , Sixta Herbert , Zanuttini Miguel A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A deep understanding of alkali impregnation including the profiles of alkali concentration and hemicellulose degradation is necessary to analyze the optimization of current and innovative processes. In this paper, the impregnation of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood is analyzed and modeled under consideration of deacetylation, reactions of acidic group, and galactoglucomannan (GGM) degradation. The immobile anionic groups activated by the ionization of lignin-derived OH groups are also considered for the assessment of the Donnan effect. Predicted profiles of sodium and hydroxide ions and acetyl group concentrations are compared to experimental results. The balance between impregnation and hemicellulose degradation levels is discussed based on the developed models. Expectedly, higher concentrations and temperatures speed up the impregnation process. Nevertheless, a higher OH-concentration has two benefits for the same impregnation front position – the alkali charge inside the chip is higher and the GGM degradation is lower.
Incidence and physiological relevance of protein thiol switches
Authors: Leichert Lars I. , Dick Tobias P. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A few small-molecule oxidants, most notably hydrogen peroxide, can act as messengers in signal transduction. They trigger so-called ‘thiol switches’, cysteine residues that are reversibly oxidized to transiently change the functional properties of their host proteins. The proteome-wide identification of functionally relevant ‘thiol switches’ is of significant interest. Unfortunately, prediction of redox-active cysteine residues on the basis of surface accessibility and other computational parameters appears to be of limited use. Proteomic thiol labeling approaches remain the most reliable strategy to discover new thiol switches in a hypothesis-free manner. We discuss if and how genomic knock-in strategies can help establish the physiological relevance of a ‘thiol switch’ on the organismal level. We conclude that surprisingly few attempts have been made to thoroughly verify the physiological relevance of thiol-based redox switches in mammalian model organisms.
Crystal structure of 4-bromo-1H-imidazole, at 200 K, C3H3BrN2
Authors: Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard 
Published: February 2015

Abstract C3H3BrN2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 3.9398(2) Å, b = 12.5823(6) Å, c = 9.8199(4) Å, β = 106.934(2)°, V = 465.7 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0296, wRref(F2) = 0.0758, T = 200 K.
Comparison of the Effects of Seated, Supine, and Walking Interset Rest Strategies on Work Rate
Authors: Ouellette Kristen A. , Brusseau Timothy A. , Davidson Lance E. , Ford Candus N. , Hatfield Disa L. , Shaw Janet M. , Eisenman Patricia A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Ouellette, KA, Brusseau, TA, Davidson, LE, Ford, CN, Hatfield, DL, Shaw, JM, and Eisenman, PA. Comparison of the effects of seated, supine, and walking interset rest strategies on work rate. J Strength Cond Res 30(12): 3396–3404, 2016—The idea that an upright posture should be maintained during the interset rest periods of training sessions is pervasive. The primary aim of this study was to determine differences in work rate associated with 3 interset rest strategies. Male and female members of the CrossFit community (male n = 5, female n = 10) were recruited to perform a strenuous training session designed to enhance work capacity that involved both cardiovascular and muscular endurance exercises. The training session was repeated on 3 separate occasions to evaluate 3 interset rest strategies, which included lying supine on the floor, sitting on a flat bench, and walking on a treadmill (0.67 m·s−1). Work rate was calculated for each training session by summing session joules of work and dividing by the time to complete the training session (joules of work per second). Data were also collected during the interset rest periods (heart rate [HR], respiratory rate [RR], and volume of oxygen consumed) and were used to explain why one rest strategy may positively impact work rate compared with another. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between the passive and active rest strategies, with the passive strategies allowing for improved work rate (supine = 62.77 ± 7.32, seated = 63.66 ± 8.37, and walking = 60.61 ± 6.42 average joules of work per second). Results also suggest that the passive strategies resulted in superior HR, RR, and oxygen consumption recovery. In conclusion, work rate and physiological recovery were enhanced when supine and seated interset rest strategies were used compared with walking interset rest.
HfZnO/ZnO Heterostructures Fabricated Using Low-Cost Large-Area Compatible Sputtering Processes
Authors: Li Chih-Hung , Chen Jian-Zhang , Cheng I-Chun 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTWe investigated the electrical properties of the rf-sputtered HfxZn1-xO/ZnO heterostructures. The thermal annealing on ZnO prior to the HfxZn1-xO deposition greatly influences the properties of the heterostructures. A highly conductive interface formed at the interface between HfxZn1-xO and ZnO thin films as the ZnO annealing temperature exceeded 500°C, leading to the apparent decrease of the electrical resistance. The resistance decreased with an increase of either thickness or Hf content of the HfxZn1-xO capping layer. The Hf0.05Zn0.95O/ZnO heterostructure with a 200-nm-thick 600°C-annealed ZnO exhibits a carrier mobility of 14.3 cm2V-1s-1 and a sheet carrier concentration of 1.93×1013 cm-2; the corresponding values for the bare ZnO thin film are 0.47 cm2V-1s-1 and 2.27×1012 cm-2, respectively. Rf-sputtered HfZnO/ZnO heterostructures can potentially be used to increase the carrier mobility of thin-film transistors in large-area electronics.
Diamond Heteroepitaxial Lateral Overgrowth
Authors: Tang Y-H , Bi B. , Golding B. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTA method of diamond heteroepitaxial lateral overgrowth is demonstrated which utilizes a photolithographic metal mask to pattern a thin (001) epitaxial diamond surface. Significant structural improvement was found, with a threading dislocation density reduced by two orders of magnitude at the top surface of a thick overgrown diamond layer. In the initial stage of overgrowth, a reduction of diamond Raman linewidth in the overgrown area was also realized. Thermally-induced stress and internal stress were determined by Raman spectroscopy of adhering and delaminated diamond films. The internal stress is found to decrease as sample thickness increases.
Determining Upconversion Parameters and Invertibility of Nonlinear Dynamical Systems
Authors: Thitsa Makhin , Ta Thanh Q. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTDetermining upconversion parameters is of high interest in laser material development. For many materials these parameters cannot be directly measured by experimental methods. These upconversion coefficients appear as unknown parameters in the laser rate equations, which are a system of coupled nonlinear differential equations that are used to model the dynamics of population densities in different energy levels. In this paper we propose the well-established system theoretic tools pertaining to the system inversion to be applied in this case. The unknown parameters can be considered as the inputs and the fluorescence signals can be considered as the outputs of the dynamical system. Therefore the determination of the unknown upconversion rates in the system equations from the output data is a classical system inversion problem. In this paper we demonstrate how to compute the unknown coefficients in the rate equations from the experimental emission data utilizing this method.
Building a Coarse-Grained Model Based on the Mori-Zwanzig Formalism
Authors: Lee Hee Sun , Ahn Surl-Hee , Darve Eric F. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTWe present a novel method to build a coarse-grained (CG) model based on the Mori-Zwanzig (MZ) formalism that reproduces kinetics. Our approach leads to the computation of a generalized Langevin equation (GLE), which includes the memory kernel and the fluctuation that are consistent with brute force molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Our CG model based on the MZ formalism successfully reproduces kinetics, i.e. the distribution of first passage times (FPT) and velocity autocorrelation functions (VACF), for alanine dipeptide. In addition, we show that the memory part of the CG model of GLE is essential to reproduce kinetics. In other words, the Markovian model fails to reproduce brute force MD results, whereas the GLE model succeeds.
COMPLEX MODIFICATION OF SECONDARY SILUMINS
Authors: Mityayev A. A. , Volchok I. P. , Frolov R. A. , Loza K. N. , Hnatenko O. V. , Lukinov V. V. 
Published: February 2015

Purpose. Development of scientific and technological bases of formation of the specified secondary hypoeutectic (АK8M3) and eutectic (АК12М2MgН) silumins' structure; and increasing their mechanical and service properties' indices in the cast state and after heat treatment up to the level of primary alloys. Methodology. Determination of the chemical composition was conducted by spectral analysis on the spark spectrometer «SPECTROLAB» (Germany). Metallographic analysis was performed on the microscopes МIМ-7 and МIМ-8, and also by the high definition metallography method using the raster electronic microscope «JSMT-300» (Japan). Heat treatment of aluminum alloys was carried out applying T1 and T5 modes according to State Standard of Ukraine 2839-94 (GOST 1583-93). Standard techniques were used during the determination of mechanical properties. The temperature coefficient of linear expansion for the piston alloy АK12М2МgH (AL25) was determined using the specimens Ø with the diameter of 3.5 mm and length of 50 mm with the use of Shevenard optical quartz dilatometer. High temperature fracture resistance was determined according to State Standard 10145-81 as the time before fracture of the specimen at specified stress of 50 MPa and temperature of 300°С. Findings. The technology of obtaining alloys from charge, which consists of 100 % scrap and production wastes has been developed and implemented into production. This technology provides obtaining of metal of the guaranteed chemical composition and high quality with the reduction of energy costs for melting. Originality. The regularities of the formation of the structural and phase state and the level of physical and mechanical properties of eutectic and secondary hypoeutectic silumins depending on the refining and modifying processes have been established. The generalization of regularities of the secondary silumins' fracture has been carried out. Quantitative characteristics of the intermetallic phases' role in the fracture mechanisms and aluminum alloys' mechanical properties level formation have been obtained. Practical value. Structure formation processes of secondary aluminium alloys depending on their production technology have been studied. Highly efficient refining and modifying complexes for treatment of secondary hypoeutectic and eutectic aluminum alloys have been developed and the optimal quantity of modifiers depending on the charge quality has been determined.
Effects of strain reversal on elastic and viscoelastic properties of early age cement paste beams
Authors: Galitz Christopher , Grasley Zachary 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Characterization of the early age properties of concrete is an ongoing area of research particularly important in understanding longer-term behavior of pre-stressed and conventional concrete members subjected to varying load histories, including strain reversals, such as may occur during placement of a concrete deck atop pre-stressed girders. Models currently in widespread use specifically exclude cases where strain reversals are present. Research presented in this paper was undertaken to refine the understanding of the viscoelastic behavior of cement paste at an early age when subject to strain reversals. A series of small-scale beams were tested in 3-point loading with the center point displaced at irregular time intervals. At some time intervals, beams were displaced negatively, inducing a strain reversal. Results indicate significant load loss in the first few days followed by steady relaxation throughout the length of testing. Results further indicate that load relaxation after reversal is significantly slower than that with same-direction increases in load. Finally, measurements of Young’s modulus of elasticity throughout the testing program indicate that sustained loading leads to an apparent increase in beam stiffness compared to unloaded beams of the same age. The explanation and significance of these phenomena are explored.
Olhares de docentes de mestrados da UEFS sobre a articulação ensino-pesquisa-extensão
Authors: Almeida Murilo Oliveira , Cruz Antonio Roberto Seixas da 
Published: February 2015

O presente artigo tem como objetivo geral compreender os olhares de docentes de mestrados da UEFS sobre a articulação entre o ensino, a pesquisa e a extensão. O quadro teórico do estudo amparou-se em princípios da Teoria das Representações Sociais – TRS (MOSCOVICI, 1987 e JODELET, 2001) e nos conceitos a seguir: funções da universidade (CUNHA, 2007; PÉREZ GÓMEZ, 2001; ZABALZA, 2004) e qualidade do ensino superior (DOURADO & OLIVEIRA, 2009; TUBINO, 1997; DEMO, 1995), dentre outros autores. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, optamos por uma pesquisa descritiva de abordagem qualitativa. Foram sujeitos da pesquisa, cinco docentes dos Programas de Pós-Graduação em História, Cultura e Poder; Desenho, Cultura e Interatividade e Filosofia e História das Ciências que, voluntariamente, aceitaram participar da investigação. Os dados foram coletados e produzidos através de entrevista semi-estruturada (MARCONI; LAKATOS, 1999; SZIMANSKY, 2004) e tratados com base na técnica da análise de conteúdo de tipo temática, conforme (BARDIN, 1977). Os resultados apontam para o entendimento de que o preparo do docente que atuará na universidade atual, em tempos de complexidade, precisa levar em consideração a importância da indissociabilidade do ensino, da pesquisa e da extensão na prática docente para que os professores, os gestores e a sociedade como um todo possa entender que a universidade nada mais é do que uma instituição criada para ajudar a formar cidadãos conscientes do seu papel social e que tem na pesquisa e na extensão alguns de seus pilares fundamentais.
Effectiveness of Residential Wood-Burning Regulation on Decreasing Particulate Matter Levels and Hospitalizations in the San Joaquin Valley Air Basin
Authors: Yap Poh-Sin , Garcia Cynthia 
Published: February 2015

Objectives. We examined the impact of Rule 4901, aimed at reducing residential wood burning, on particulate matter levels and hospitalizations in the San Joaquin Valley Air Basin (SJVAB). Methods. Using general linear mixed models and generalized estimating equation models, we compared levels of particulate matter and of hospital admissions (age groups = 45–64 and ≥ 65 years) in the SJVAB for cardiovascular disease (CVD), ischemic heart disease (IHD), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the burn seasons before (2000–2003) and after (2003–2006) implementation. Results. After implementation, we observed reductions of 12%, 11%, and 15% in particulate matter  2.5 micrometers in diameter or smaller (PM2.5), and 8%, 7%, and 11% in coarse particles, in the entire SJVAB and in rural and urban regions of the air basin, respectively. Among those aged 65 years and older, Rule 4901 was estimated to prevent 7%, 8%, and 5% of CVD cases, and 16%, 17%, and 13% of IHD cases, in the entire SJVAB and in rural and urban regions, respectively. Conclusions. The study suggests that Rule 4901 is effective at reducing wintertime ambient PM2.5 levels and decreasing hospital admissions for heart disease among people aged 65 years and older.
Disentangling the Relative Influence of Schools and Neighborhoods on Adolescents’ Risk for Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Dunn Erin C. , Milliren Carly E. , Evans Clare R. , Subramanian S. V. , Richmond Tracy K. 
Published: February 2015

Objectives. Although schools and neighborhoods influence health, little is known about their relative importance, or the influence of one context after the influence of the other has been taken into account. We simultaneously examined the influence of each setting on depression among adolescents. Methods. Analyzing data from wave 1 (1994–1995) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, we used cross-classified multilevel modeling to examine between-level variation and individual-, school-, and neighborhood-level predictors of adolescent depressive symptoms. Also, we compared the results of our cross-classified multilevel models (CCMMs) with those of a multilevel model wherein either school or neighborhood was excluded. Results. In CCMMs, the school-level random effect was significant and more than 3 times the neighborhood-level random effect, even after individual-level characteristics had been taken into account. Individual-level indicators (e.g., race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status) were associated with depressive symptoms, but there was no association with either school- or neighborhood-level fixed effects. The between-level variance in depressive symptoms was driven largely by schools as opposed to neighborhoods. Conclusions. Schools appear to be more salient than neighborhoods in explaining variation in depressive symptoms. Future work incorporating cross-classified multilevel modeling is needed to understand the relative effects of schools and neighborhoods.