bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystallization and phase separation mechanism of silicon oxide thin films fabricated via e‐beam evaporation of silicon monoxide
Authors: Gunduz Deniz Cihan , Tankut Aydin , Sedani Salar , Karaman Mehmet , Turan Rasit 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn this work, silicon oxide thin films were synthesized via e‐beam evaporation of silicon monoxide. Subsequent annealing experiments were carried out to induce Si nanocrystals (Si NCs) formation. A broad range of annealing durations and temperatures were studied. Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to study the mechanism of phase separation in silicon oxide films and crystallization of Si.Raman spectroscopy results show that SiO cannot be considered as a composite mixture of Si and SiO2. Results suggest that phase separation and crystallization are two separate processes even at relatively high temperatures. Amorphous Si formation was observed at annealing temperatures as low as 800 °C. A minimum annealing temperature of between 800 and 900 °C is required to form Si NCs. XPS results show a strong phase separation at annealing temperature of 1100 °C. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Praxisgerechte Nachweise zur Tragfähigkeit und Gebrauchstauglichkeit von Sandwichelementen mittels Fachwerkmodellen
Authors: Naujoks Bernd , Misiek Thomas 
Published: November 2015

AbstractDie Schnittgrößenermittlung für Systeme aus schubweichen Sandwichelementen kann auf einfache Art mittels Fachwerkmodellen erfolgen. Ausgehend von einer kurzen Darstellung der mechanischen Zusammenhänge werden die Modellierung, die Auswertung der Teilschnittgrößen sowie die Nachweisführung erläutert. Abschließend werden diese Erläuterungen mit Beispielen ergänzt.Practical checks at ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state of sandwich panels using truss systems. The calculation of internal forces of systems with shear‐flexible sandwich panels can be easily done using truss‐systems. Starting with a short presentation of the mechanical context, modelling, evaluation of internal forces and verification are explained. Examples support the explanation.
Sandwichelemente als aussteifendes Schubfeld und tragende Wandscheibe
Authors: Naujoks Bernd , Hörnel‐Metzger Beate 
Published: November 2015

AbstractSandwichelemente werden als Dach‐ und Wandbauteile derzeit ausschließlich auf eine tragende Unterkonstruktion montiert. Sie sind deshalb als Sekundärbauteile eines Gebäudes zu betrachten und werden als selbsttragende Bauteile klassifiziert. In statischer Hinsicht sind sie jedoch Ein‐ oder Mehrfeldträger, die neben ihrem Eigengewicht auch Wind‐ und Schneelasten abtragen. Es sind lediglich Biegemomente und Querkräfte vorhanden.Bei Gebäuden aus Sandwichelementen ohne Unterkonstruktion werden die Paneele zusätzlich in ihrer Ebene belastet. Dies geschieht zum einen in vertikaler Richtung als lastabtragende Wandscheibe, zum anderen als aussteifende Dach‐ oder Wandscheibe. Dieses Tragverhalten wurde am Institut für Sandwichtechnik (iS‐mainz) der Hochschule Mainz in Axial‐ und Schubfeldversuchen untersucht.Sandwich panels as bracing diaphragm and load bearing wall. Traditionally, are structural components for wall cladding and roof covering of a building. They are mounted on a load‐bearing substructure. Thus, they are considered as secondary structural component of a building and are classified as self‐supporting structural members. Statically, they act as single or multi span beams. They transfer self‐weight and external loads from wind and snow to the substructure. Only bending moments and shear forces occur.When the conventional bracing members are missing, the sandwich elements are subjected additionally to loads in the plane of the panel. On the one hand they serve in vertical direction as load bearing wall, on the other hand they stabilize the building against horizontal loads. This load‐bearing behaviour was investigated in axial load and wall racking tests at iS‐mainz.
Windlastempfehlungen für Attikabereiche von Industriehallen auf Basis von Windkanalversuchen
Authors: Kemper Frank H. , Colomer Segura Carles , Feldmann Markus , Kuhnhenne Markus 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIm vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse von experimentellen Untersuchungen zur Bestimmung von Windlasten für Attiken von Industriebauten vorgestellt. Die Wirkung einer Attika ist zwar im Hinblick auf die effektiven Lastkomponenten im Bereich der randnahen Dachfläche in der Windlastnorm DIN EN 1991‐1‐4 [1] geregelt, nicht jedoch welche Windlast auf die Attika selbst angesetzt werden muss. Anhand von maßstäblichen Messungen an typischen Industriebaukörpern mit Flachdachausbildung konnten nun im Rahmen der durchgeführten Untersuchungen Lastempfehlungen entwickelt werden, die zukünftig im Rahmen der Bemessung von Attiken eingesetzt werden können.Recommendation of wind load models for parapets on industrial roofs based on wind tunnel measurements. The present contribution shows the results of experimental investigations to determine the wind loading on parapets of industrial buildings with a flat roof. Whereat the presence of parapets is considered in DIN EN 1991‐1‐4 with respect to their effect on the pressure coefficients at the roof, an appropriate load recommendation for their own design is missing. Based on wind tunnel measurements on scaled models of typical industrial buildings with flat roof, load recommendations have been elaborated to be used in the future design of parapets.
Nachhaltigkeit im Metallleichtbau
Authors: Kuhnhenne Markus , Feldmann Markus 
Published: November 2015

AbstractZum 01.07.2015 ist an der RWTH Aachen die neue Professur “Nachhaltigkeit im Metallleichtbau“, die vom Internationalen Verband für den Metallleichtbau (IFBS) unterstützt und gefördert wird, eingerichtet worden. Die Professur, bekleidet von Prof. Dr.‐Ing. Markus Kuhnhenne, wird sich in Forschung und Lehre mit Aspekten des statisch‐konstruktiven Entwurfs, der Bauphysik und insbesondere der Nachhaltigkeit von Gebäudehüllen mit Metallleichtbauelementen beschäftigen. Darüber hinaus bieten sich vielfältige interdisziplinäre Forschungsthemen zu klassischen und verwandten Themen des Stahlbaus an.Durch die Professur wurde den wachsenden Aufgaben der Forschung und studentischen Ausbildung sowohl für klassische als auch neue Produkte des Metallleichtbaus auf akademischer Ebene Rechnung getragen. Dem Metallleichtbau und dem Stahlbau bieten sich so zukünftig weitere Chancen für synergetische und nachhaltige Lösungen.Ein wichtiger Aspekt dabei ist die Betrachtung des gesamten Lebensweges eines Gebäudes. So lautet der Grundgedanke des nachhaltigen Bauens, dass in allen Phasen des Lebenszyklus von Gebäuden – von der Planung, der Erstellung über die Nutzung und Erneuerung bis zum Rückbau – eine Minimierung des Verbrauches von Energie und Ressourcen angestrebt wird.Bauelemente aus Metall können bei Beachtung der Anforderungen an das nachhaltige Bauen dazu beitragen, zukunftsfeste und ressourcenschonende Gebäude herzustellen.Sustainable Metal Building Envelopes – New professorship at RWTH Aachen University. Since 01.07.2015 the new professorship, “Sustainable Metal Building Envelopes”, which is supported and promoted by the International Association for Metal Building Envelopes (IFBS), has been established. The professorship, hold by Prof. Dr.‐Ing. Markus Kuhnhenne, will deal with aspects of static and structural design, building physics and especially sustainability of building envelopes with lightweight metal constructions in research and education. In addition, a variety of interdisciplinary research themes related to classical topics of steel construction is suitable.The new professorship meets the growing tasks of research and education for classical as well as new products of lightweight metal construction on an academic level. Thus, the lightweight metal construction as well as the steel construction can maximize their opportunities for synergetic and sustainable solutions in the future.An important aspect is the consideration of the entire life cycle of a building, as the main idea of sustainable construction is that at all stages of the life cycle of buildings – from planning, construction, use as well as renovation and demolition – a minimization of the of energy consumption and use of resources is envisaged.Considering the requirements for sustainable construction, metal building products can help to establish resource‐efficient buildings viable for the future.
Zur Verwendung höherfester Stähle im Hochregallagerbau
Authors: Ungermann Dieter , Schulze Bertelsbeck Marc 
Published: November 2015

AbstractDer rasante Aufschwung in der Logistikindustrie verbunden mit der Entwicklung automatisierter Fördersysteme führt zu immer größeren Hochregallagern mit Bauhöhen bis zu 50 m. Damit stößt die derzeitige Konstruktionspraxis von Hochregallagern in Silobauweise an ihre statisch‐konstruktiven Grenzen. Zudem kann aufgrund der komplexen Profilausbildung der dünnwandigen, kaltgeformten Regalprofile die Tragfähigkeit nicht in allen Fällen nach DIN EN 1993‐1‐3 [1] ermittelt werden.In dem hier vorgestellten Forschungsprojekt wurde untersucht, ob der Einsatz höherfester Stähle zu einer Optimierung des Tragsystems führen kann. Des Weiteren wurde analysiert, ob die Bemessungsregeln der DIN EN 1993‐1‐3 [1] auf die Regalprofile übertragen werden können.The use of high‐strength steel in high‐bay racking systems. The booming logistics industry and the development of high sophisticated automatic storage and retrieval systems lead to larger high‐bay racking systems with heights up to 50 m. This pushes the current design practice of high‐bay racking systems in silo construction to its static and constructive limits. Unfortunately, DIN EN 1993‐1‐3 [1] does not give design provisions for the special thin‐walled, cold‐formed rack profiles.The research project focuses on two aspects: Using high‐strength steel to optimize the rack systems as well as further developing design rules of DIN EN 1993‐1‐3 [1] to predict the load‐bearing capacity of rack profiles.
Vibration‐based wind turbine planetary gearbox fault diagnosis using spectral averaging
Authors: Yoon Jae , He David , Van Hecke Brandon , Nostrand Thomas J. , Zhu Junda , Bechhoefer Eric 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPlanetary gearboxes (PGBs) are widely used in the drivetrain of wind turbines. Any PGB failure could lead to a significant breakdown or major loss of a wind turbine. Therefore, PGB fault diagnosis is very important for reducing the downtime and maintenance cost and improving the safety, reliability, and lifespan of wind turbines. The wind energy industry currently utilizes vibratory analysis as a standard method for PGB condition monitoring and fault diagnosis. Among them, the vibration separation is considered as one of the well‐established vibratory analysis techniques. However, the drawbacks of the vibration separation technique as reported in the literature include the following: potential sun gear fault diagnosis limitation, multiple sensors and large data requirement, and vulnerability to external noise. This paper presents a new method using a single vibration sensor for PGB fault diagnosis using spectral averaging. It combines the techniques of enveloping, Welch's spectral averaging, and data mining‐based fault classifiers. Using the presented approach, vibration fault features for wind turbine PGB are extracted as condition indicators for fault diagnosis and condition indicators are used as inputs to fault classifiers for PGB fault diagnosis. The method is validated on a set of seeded localized faults on all gears: sun gear, planetary gear, and ring gear. The results have shown a promising PGB fault diagnosis performance with the presented method. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Notes on using the mesoscale wind farm parameterization of Fitch et al. (2012) in WRF
Authors: Fitch Anna C. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis letter describes some essential features of the publicly available mesoscale wind farm parameterization of Fitch et al. (2012) in the Weather Research and Forecasting model. It highlights the importance of using turbine manufacturer data with the parameterization and the spatial scales to which it is applicable. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PCR‐mediated gene modification strategy for construction of fluorescent protein fusions in Candida parapsilosis
Authors: Gonia Sara , Larson Britta , Gale Cheryl A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractCandida parapsilosis is a common cause of invasive candidiasis, especially in premature infants, even surpassing Candida albicans as the most frequently identified Candida species in some newborn intensive care units. Whereas many molecular tools are available to facilitate the study of C. albicans, relatively few have been developed for C. parapsilosis. In this study, we show that plasmids harbouring green, yellow and mCherry fluorescent protein sequences, previously developed for expression in C. albicans, can be used to construct fluorescent fusion proteins in C. parapsilosis by PCR‐mediated gene modification. Further, the strategy can be used in clinical isolates of C. parapsilosis, which are typically prototrophic, because the plasmids include NAT1, a dominant selectable trait that confers resistance to the antibiotic nourseothricin. Overall, these tools will be useful to yeast researchers who require the ability to visualize C. parapsilosis directly, e.g. in in vitro and in vivo infection models. In addition, this strategy can be used to generate fluorescence in other C. parapsilosis clinical isolates and to tag sequences of interest for protein localization studies. Lastly, the ability to express up to three different fluorescent proteins will allow researchers to visualize and differentiate C. parapsilosis and/or C. albicans clinical isolates from each other in mixed infection models. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Late Recurrence After Radical Resection of Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Hiyoshi Yukiharu , Yoshida Naoya , Watanabe Masayuki , Kurashige Junji , Karashima Ryuichi , Iwagami Shiro , Baba Yoshifumi , Baba Hideo 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackground
Approximately 10–20 % of esophageal cancer patients in whom recurrence is diagnosed experience late recurrence beyond 2 years after esophagectomy. However, the risk of late recurrence is still unclear. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors of late recurrence for appropriate postoperative surveillance.MethodsA total of 447 patients underwent radical esophagectomy and reconstruction for esophageal cancer from 2005 to 2014. Patients who had recurrence beyond 2 years after esophagectomy were defined as the late recurrence group and the remaining patients with recurrence as the early recurrence group. A comparison of the clinicopathological factors and prognosis was performed between patients with early recurrence, late recurrence, and no recurrence.ResultsRecurrences were recognized in 117(26.2 %) of the 447 patients. Recurrence was diagnosed within 2 years after surgery in 103 patients (88.0 %) and after 2 years in 14 patients (12.0 %). Patients with late recurrence showed a favorable prognosis compared with those with early recurrence (P = 0.0131), and late recurrence was an independent factor associated with a favorable prognosis after recurrence (HR 0.199, P = 0.025). In the comparison between patients with late recurrence and those with no recurrence who had a minimal recurrence‐free survival of 2 years, pathological lymph node metastasis at esophagectomy was found to be an independent predictor of late recurrence (HR 7.296, P = 0.043).ConclusionsPathological lymph node metastasis at esophagectomy is a risk factor of late recurrence for esophageal cancer, and a close, lifelong follow‐up is recommended for such patients.
Methylmercury Increases and Eicosapentaenoic Acid Decreases the Relative Amounts of Arachidonic Acid‐Containing Phospholipids in Mouse Brain
Authors: Zeng Ying‐Xu , Du Zhen‐Yu , Mjøs Svein Are , Grung Bjørn , Midtbø Lisa K. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe membrane phospholipid composition in mammalian brain can be modified either by nutrients such as dietary fatty acids, or by certain toxic substances such as methylmercury (MeHg), leading to various biological and toxic effects. The present study evaluated the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and MeHg on the composition of the two most abundant membrane phospholipid classes, i.e., phosphatidylcholines (PtdCho) and phosphatidylethanolamines (PtdEtn), in mouse brain by using a two‐level factorial design. The intact membrane PtdCho and PtdEtn species were analyzed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The effects of EPA and MeHg on the PtdCho and PtdEtn composition were evaluated by principal component analysis and ANOVA. The results showed that EPA and MeHg had different effects on the composition of membrane PtdCho and PtdEtn species in brain, where EPA showed strongest impact. EPA led to large reductions in the levels of arachidonic acid (ARA)‐containing PtdCho and PtdEtn species in brain, while MeHg tended to elevate the levels of ARA‐containing PtdCho and PtdEtn species. EPA also significantly increased the levels of PtdCho and PtdEtn species with n‐3 fatty acids. Our results indicate that EPA may to some degree counteract the alterations of the PtdCho and PtdEtn pattern induced by MeHg, and thus alleviate the MeHg neurotoxicity in mouse brain through the inhibition of ARA‐derived pro‐inflammatory factors. These results may assist in the understanding of the interaction between MeHg, EPA and phospholipids, as well as the risk and benefits of a fish diet.
Update of Wnt signaling in implantation and decidualization
Authors: Zhang Qian , Yan Junhao 
Published: November 2015

AbstractEmbryonic development into an implantation‐competent blastocyst, synchronized uterine transformation into a receptive stage, and an intimate cross‐talk between the activated blastocyst and the receptive uterus are essential for successful implantation, and therefore for subsequent pregnancy outcome. Evidence accumulating during recent years has underlined the importance of the Wnt signaling pathway in mammalian implantation and decidualization. Herein, this review focuses on the current state of knowledge regarding Wnt signaling in multiple implantation and decidualization events: pre‐implantation embryo development, blastocyst activation for implantation, uterine development, and decidualization.
Cognitive and Motor Aspects of Parkinson’s Disease Associated with Dysphagia
Authors: Kim Ji Sun , Youn Jinyoung , Suh Mee Kyung , Kim Tae-Eun , Chin Juhee , Park Suyeon , Cho Jin Whan 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackground: Dysphagia is a common symptom and an important prognostic factor in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although cognitive and motor dysfunctions may contribute to dysphagia in patients with PD, any specific association between such problems and swallowing functions is unclear. Here, we examined the potential relationship between cognitive/motor components and swallowing functions in PD. We evaluated the contributions of cognition and motor function to the components of swallowing via video fluoroscopic swallowing (VFS) experiments. Methods: We prospectively enrolled 56 patients without dementia having PD. Parkinson’s disease severity was assessed by the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). All participants received neuropsychological tests covering general mental status, visuospatial function, attention, language, learning and memory, and frontal executive function. The well-validated “modified barium swallow impairment profile” scoring system was applied during VFS studies to quantify swallowing impairments. Finally, correlations between neuropsychological or motor functions and impairment in swallowing components were calculated. Results: The most significant correlations were found between the frontal/executive or learning/memory domains and the oral phase of swallowing, though a minor component of the pharyngeal phase correlated with frontal function as well. Bradykinesia and the UPDRS total score were associated with both the pharyngeal and oral phases. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that cognitive dysfunctions are associated with the oral phase of swallowing in patients with early stage PD while the severity of motor symptoms may be associated with overall swallowing function.
Experimental non-Boussinesq fountains
Authors: Mehaddi Rabah , Vauquelin Olivier , Candelier Fabien 
Published: November 2015

Laboratory experiments involving downward air–helium fountains are presented. The large density differences between these releases and the ambient allow us to investigate how non-Boussinesq effects modify fountain heights and fountain fluctuations in comparison with the Boussinesq case (i.e. marginal density differences). In these experiments, the source Froude number is varied over a wide range covering (i) the very weak, (ii) the weak and (iii) the forced fountain regimes. It is shown that the classical Boussinesq correlations can be extended to the non-Boussinesq case provided that the Froude number is multiplied by the square root of the ratio between the released fluid density and that of the ambient. In the range investigated, no influence of the source Reynolds number is observed.
A new Tolypelepidid (Agnatha, Heterostraci) from the Late Silurian of Poland
Authors: Dec Marek 
Published: November 2015

AbstractTolypelepis mielnikensis n.sp. from a core sample of the Late Silurian (Pridoli) succession in Mielnik, Poland shares tolypelepidid features such as a subdivision of the dorsal shield into epitega, and ornamentation of short dentine ridges grouped into scale-like units with a coarser, higher median ridge encircled by narrower and lower ridges. A constriction of the dorsal shield anterior to the orbit level with the orbital notches significantly deeper than in other tolypelepidids discriminates it from otherTolypelepisspecies.