bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning-based landslide velocity prediction model: incorporating multi- expression programming and discrete element modeling
Authors: Gardezi Hasnain , Li Xingyue , Huang Yu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The estimation of flow parameters for gravitational flows, such as velocity, volume, and runout distance is important for disaster prevention and mitigation. In this study, we have developed a prediction model for the frontal velocity of landslides using multi-expression programming (MEP), and discrete element modeling (DEM) as a function of slope angle, slope length, volume, coefficient of energy transfer, rolling friction and static friction. Moreover, we have also determined the percentage effect of each parameter on the front velocity. The range of the values for these parameters was selected from well-documented historical cases and experimental studies. The physical modeling results indicate that the front velocity was greatly influenced by the variation in slope angle and friction parameters. The developed prediction model was validated by comparing it with various statistical indices, and by performing sensitivity analysis, which validated the experimental observations that slope angle and friction parameters control the frontal velocity by 53% and 25% respectively. Moreover, a second-level validation was carried out by comparing the predicted front velocity with the front velocity of historical rock landslide cases and found to be in good agreement. It is hoped that the proposed model will help disaster mitigation and risk assessment by effectively predicting the front velocity of the imminent slides, and also reduce the computational cost, time, and resources.
Causal effects of skin microbiota on intervertebral disk degeneration, low back pain and sciatica: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Jia Yuchao , Chen Houcong , Huang Shengbo , Huo Zhenxin , Xu Baoshan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study is to use two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between skin microbiota, especially Propionibacterium acnes, and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), low back pain (LBP) and sciatica.
Methods
We conducted a two-sample MR using the aggregated data from the whole genome-wide association studies (GWAS). 150 skin microbiota were derived from the GWAS catalog and IVDD, LBP and sciatica were obtained from the IEU Open GWAS project. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) was the primary research method, with MR-Egger and Weighted median as supplementary methods. Perform sensitivity analysis and reverse MR analysis on all MR results.
Results
MR revealed three skin microbiota associated with IVDD, five associated with LBP, and five with sciatica. Specifically, there was no significant causal relationship between skin-derived P.acnes and IVDD, LBP and sciatica; IVDD was found to increase the abundance of P.acnes. Furthermore, ASV010 [Staphylococcus (unc.)] from dry skin was a risk factor for LBP and sciatica; unclassified Acinetobacter and Acinetobacter johnsonii from dry skin environments exhibit potential protective effects against LBP and sciatica; ASV065 [Finegoldia (unc.)] from dry skin was a protective factor for IVDD and LBP.
Conclusions
This study identified a potential causal relationship between skin microbiota and IVDD, LBP, and sciatica. No evidence suggests skin-derived P.acnes is a risk factor for IVDD, LBP, and sciatica. At the same time, IVDD can potentially cause an increase in P.acnes abundance, which supports the contamination theory.
Use of accelerometry and Global Positioning System (GPS) to describe children’s park-based physical activity among racial/ethnic minority youth
Authors: Alberico Claudia , Zweig Maria , Carter Allison , Hughey S. Morgan , Huang Jing-Heui , Schipperijn Jasper , Floyd Myron F , Hipp J. Aaron 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Parks are one component of the built environment to promote regular physical activity (PA) among youth. This study investigated differences in park-based PA among youth based on demographics and park features in racially/ethnically diverse communities. In 2017-2018, parks were selected in majority Asian (n=3), Latino (n=5), and Black (n=4) neighborhoods in North Carolina (n=6) and New York (n=6). Researchers recruited parents/caregivers of 5–10-year-olds to participate. Children wore an Actigraph GT3+ waist accelerometer and a QStarz GPS unit and were instructed to play normally for at least 15 minutes. Evenson cutpoints were used to classify PA levels as sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous. Chi-squared tests and non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to examine differences in PA intensity minutes (sedentary, light, moderate-to-vigorous) across study location and demographic variables. Youth participated from NY (n=200) and NC (n=157). Overall, most park-based PA was spent in light intensity (59.9%), followed by moderate-to-vigorous intensity (32.4%). Females, compared to male participants, spent more time in sedentary behavior (9.0%, 6.1%) and less time in moderate-to-vigorous PA (26.6%, 38.1%). Participants who identified as Black (32.9% MVPA), Latino (35.8%), and Other (39.8%) spent higher percentages of time in moderate-to-vigorous PA than Asian (26.6%) and non-Hispanic White (21.3%) participants. The highest proportion of moderate-to-vigorous PA occurred on swing sets (46%) and basketball courts (45%). Racial/ethnic, sex, and activity area differences in park-based PA indicate that diverse youth use parks uniquely; these factors should be considered in designing parks for various ages and backgrounds.
Urological Outcomes in Adult Females Born with Anorectal Malformation or Hirschsprung Disease
Authors: Wehrli Lea A. , Harris Kelly , Wood Dan , Wilcox Duncan , Cooper Emily H. , Rieck Jared M. , McGuire Elisha , Ketzer Jill , Torre Luis De La , Peña Alberto , Bischoff Andrea 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Women born with anorectal malformation (ARM) or Hirschsprung disease (HD) may have impaired urologic function resulting in sequelae in adulthood. This study assessed and compared self-reported urinary outcomes in adult females born with ARM or HD to a reference population.
Methods
This was an IRB approved, cross-sectional study of female born patients with ARM or HD, who completed surveys between November 2021 and August 2022. Female patients between the ages of 18 and 80 years were included. Lower Urinary Tract Symptom questionnaires were administered through REDCap and the responses were compared to a reference population using chi-squared or Fisher’s exact tests.
Results
Sixty-six born female patients answered the questionnaires, two of them identified as non-binary. The response rate was 76%. Median age was 31.6 years. The majority were born with cloaca (56.3%), followed by other type of ARMs (28.1%), Complex Malformation (9.4%), and HD (6.3%). A history of bladder reconstruction was present for 26.6%. Catheterization through a channel or native urethra was present in 18.8%. Two had ureterostomies and were excluded from the analysis. Seven had chronic kidney disease or end stage renal disease, three with a history of kidney transplantation.
Patients with cloaca had significantly higher rates of urinary incontinence, urinary tract infection, and social problems due to impaired urological functioning, when compared to an age-matched reference population (Table 3).
Conclusion
This study emphasizes the need for a multi-disciplinary team that includes urology and nephrology following patients with ARM long-term, especially within the subgroup of cloaca.
In-Person Training Plus E-learning Video on Dressing Change in Orthopedic Ward: A Before-After Observational Study
Authors: Ory Jérôme , Tien Hung Phan , Careno Elodie , Hai Vinh Vu , Minh Quang Le , Lavigne Jean Philippe , Didier Laureillard , Sotto Albert 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction :
Infection prevention and control (IPC) training can prevent healthcare-associated infections. To assess healthcare worker compliance with dressing change (DC) guidelines before and after different training modalities.
Methods :
Observational study has performed in orthopedic department in a Vietnamese hospital. Forty-five nurses were trained for DC practices over three training sessions and 26 nurses were trained on hand hygiene (HH) in two training sessions. DC practices were assessed from November 2019 (ADC1: assessment dressing change 1) to May 2022 (ADC2). The evaluation concerned: HH opportunities and glove removal; patient and equipment installation; and the installation steps of the dressing set and antisepsis. Between ADC1 and ADC2, training courses were performed and a short (<6 min) e-learning video was available, explaining the DC. Twenty-two and 27 DC were assessed in ADC1 and in ADC2, respectively.
Results :
Dressing changes were mainly performed after orthopedic surgeries such as osteosynthesis or hip prosthesis. The grip mode for DC was mainly clamps without sterile gloves. Wounds were systematically disinfected by an antiseptic. The principle of cleanest to dirtiest was respected in 45% cases in ADC1, rising significantly to 100% for ADC2. The bandage used was sterile compresses with strip. Overall compliance increased significantly from 50% to 89.5% from ADC1 to ADC2, particularly for glove removal, the patient and equipment installation and the installation steps of the dressing set. HH compliance increased significantlyfrom 44.8% to 74.1%.
Conclusions :
IC learning significantly improved the IPC practices in the DC. Healthcare worker education is crucial when targeting interventions for IPC.
Comparison of the neuroprotective effects of gossiping on cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Cinar Irfan , Yayla Muhammed , Binnetoğlu Damla , Bayram Pınar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aims:The aim of this study is to investigate the possible protective neuroprotective effects of gossypine (GOS) against cisplatin (CIS) (cis-diamminedichloroplatin [II]) toxicity.
Materials and methods:CIS (In-vitro; 50 and 100 µM, In-vivo; 10 mg/kg/day) toxicity was created In-vitro and In-vivo, and GOS administration (In-vitro; 50, 75 and 100 µM, In-vivo; 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg/day).
Key findings:We used different methods that supported each other. In primary neuron culture, cell proliferation was protected against CIS toxicity in a time-dependent manner with applying GOS. Oxidative/antioxidative markers were normalized in a dose-dependent manner with gossypin administration. In the mechanisms of neurotoxic/neuroprotective (iNOS/nNOS) and inhibition of inflammatory mediators (TNF-a and NF-kB), gossypin has been shown to inhibit NF-kB activation to suppress CIS-induced inflammation in primary neuron culture cells. It has been shown to have antiapoptotic effects in healthy tissues and cells by inhibiting CASP-3 and CASP-9 mRNA levels by regulating the ratio of BCL2/BAX, which are pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic indicators.
Significance:We conclude that It has been shown that gossypin may be an ideal neuroprotective agent with potent antioxidant capacity and does not reduce the antitumor activity of the chemotherapeutic drug.
Traditional Chinese medicine combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Key drug screening and mechanism analysis
Authors: Tang Qian , Zheng Xuefang , Tang Yu , Xian Zhengping , Wu Fengjiao , Cao Hongyu , Du Yanan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In the course of clinical treatment for anti-tumor, the combination of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and other treatment schemes can reduce toxicity and increase efficiency. The purpose of this paper is to find out the key TCM and effective components for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and analyze its therapeutic mechanism by analyzing the prescription of TCM combined with chemotherapy for NSCLC. Firstly, the prescriptions of TCM in the randomized controlled trials combined with chemotherapy for NSCLC were collected, and the core TCM was screened by frequency statistics, association rule analysis and cluster analysis. Then, the intersection targets of the potential effects of NSCLC and core Chinese medicine were collected, and PPI analysis and enrichment analysis were performed on the intersection targets to screen the core targets, components and pathways, and the core components were verified by molecular docking and cell experiments. In this study, 269 prescriptions were collected, among which the frequency of medication for Astragalus membranaceus (HQ, in Chinese), Wolfiporia cocos (FL, in Chinese), Atractylodes macrocephala (BZ, in Chinese) was over 100. Association rule analysis showed that they were highly correlated and clustered into the same category in cluster analysis. Their core components were Quercetin, Kaempferol and Isorhamnetin. The molecular docking results of the core components with the core targets AKT1 and EGFR obtained by PPI network analysis showed that they could bind stably. KEGG analysis screened 110 pathways including PI3K-Akt; the results of CCK-8 showed that Quercetin, Kaempferol and Isorhamnetin could effectively inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells, and Isorhamnetin had the best inhibitory effect. Isorhamnetin can inhibit the migration and invasion of A549 cells, induce apoptosis, G1 phase arrest, and decrease the expression of P-PI3K and P-AKT in A549 cells. In a word, the key TCM for the treatment of NSCLC include HQ, FL, BZ, etc. and its key components Quercetin, Kaempferol, Isorhamnetin have potential therapeutic effects on NSCLC according to the research results.
Comparing Probabilistic Logic Factored MDPs, CART and MLPs for Behavior Selection in Self-Driving Cars
Authors: Avilés Héctor , Rodríguez Verónica , Reyes Alberto , Machucho Rubén , Negrete Marco , Ramírez Gabriel , Rivera Karelly , Hernández Melchor , Pérez Omar , Garza Gloria de la , Vázquez Sergio , Petrilli Alberto 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

We present a comparative study of probabilistic logic factored Markov decision processes (PL-fMDPs), classification and regression trees (CART), and multilayer perceptrons (MLPs) for behavior selection in self-driving cars. While CART and MLPs are widely used in decision-making, PL-fMDPs have been recently proposed for autonomous behavior selection with promising results. We carried out three main tests to evaluate these models: (i) learning and testing with examples taken from a simulated self-driving vehicle in a race-like scenario, (ii) comparison with actions of human drivers, and (iii) navigation of a self-driving car in two adverse and unknown road scenarios. In the first and third tests, CART slightly outperformed MLPs, and both narrowly surpassed PL-fMDPs. However, PL-fMDPs showed noticeably better alignment with the decisions of human drivers in the second test, at the cost of increased learning and testing time. The results demonstrate the competitiveness of all three approaches, although the definitive superiority of any one model was not observed across all evaluation contexts. This reinforces the need to explore hybrid approaches that combine symbolic, probabilistic, and connectionist models to leverage their respective strengths and mitigate their limitations for autonomous driving in self-driving cars.
Aligned 𝛼-FAPbI3 (100) Facet toward Efficient Photovoltaic Operation
Authors: Wang Zhao-Kui , Wang Kai-Li , Liu Dong , Deger Caner , Lou Yan-Hui , Song Bin , Chen Jing , Chen Chun-Hao , Xia Yu , He Xiao-Yin , Huang Lei , Wu Zhong-Chen , Yavuz Ilhan , Liao Liang-Sheng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The disorder and disarray of 𝛼-FAPbI3 (100), (110), and (111) facets at the primary charge injection barrier (SnO2/perovskite interface) significantly hinder interfacial crystallography investigations into carrier extraction and transport processes, thereby limiting improvements in device performance. Here, we aligned the growth and arrangement of 𝛼-FAPbI3 facets at the SnO2/perovskite interface by incorporating carboxylic acid molecules. The highly uniform distribution of (100) perovskite facets at the SnO2/perovskite interface is successfully achieved, leading to a substantial improvement in carrier transport and overall device performance. Consequently, the fabricated photovoltaic device delivered an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) as high as 26.18% (25.49% certified). After stable operation for over 2400 hours under maximum power point tracking, the device still maintained over 91% of its initial efficiency, showcasing outstanding stability.
Spatial-Confinement in Biomimetic Catalysts: Enhancing Homolytic Sulfur-Chain Reactions and Enzyme-like Activity for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Cai Dong , Li Tingting , Dong Yang , Guo Zeyi , Yang Shuo , Shu meiling , Zhou Xuemei , Tang Hao , Guan Jia , Tu Haoran , Yang Zhi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The most burning issue for high-energy-density lithium-sulfur batteries is developing high-efficient catalyst to address sulfur reaction kinetics and lithium polysulfide shuttling effects. In this work, we present Fe-TCPP@Cu-BTC, a biomimetic catalyst that mimics cytochrome c oxidase, by encapsulating porphyrin-based small molecules into metal-organic frameworks, for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries. Through a series of in-situ spectroscopic analyses and theoretical simulations, it was found that the Cu-Fe bimetallic center within the spatially confined Fe-TCPP@Cu-BTC significantly promotes the homolytic cleavage of Li2S6 to LiS3, and accelerates their subsequent conversion to Li2S. The enzyme-like properties were further evaluated using Michaelis-Menten kinetics, confirming that the homolytic reaction can increase the sulfur conversion rate by nearly 100-fold. As a result, the pouch lithium-sulfur batteries delivered an energy density exceeding 300 Wh/kg. This work demonstrates the tremendous potential of component and structural regulation of biomimetic enzymes in the conversion reactions of metal-sulfur batteries.
Coherent Dynamics Unraveling Exciton-carrier Correlations in Orthorhombic Lead Halide Perovskite
Authors: Jha Ajay , Tiwari Vandana , Zheng Fulu , Liu Zihui , Nayak Pabitra K. , Thorwart Michael , Miller RJ Dwayne , Duan Hong-Guang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Capturing the temporal evolution and correlations among photoinduced species in semiconductors presents an exciting ground for uncovering new physics and discovering novel phenomena. In this work, we utilize ultrafast two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) to investigate the temporal evolution and correlations among photoinduced species in orthorhombic lead halide perovskite at a cryogenic temperature of 15 K. Unlike tetragonal phase at room temperature, the orthorhombic phase shows a distinct strong excitonic absorption peak at 13350 cm−1, and thus, excitons and carriers can simultaneously be generated and temporally tracked using a broadband laser pulse. Low-temperature measurement facilitates clearer differentiation of exciton and carrier bands within 2D electronic spectra, while also enabling the identification of interactions between excitons and carriers through the observation of cross peaks immediately post-photoexcitation. Our analysis demonstrates an ultrafast population transfer from charge carriers to excitons in perovskites, associated with specific low-frequency inorganic sublattice phonons and high-frequency vibrations linked to methylammonium cation motion. Through first-principle calculations and non-adiabatic excited state dynamics simulations, we elucidate the origin and coupling of these vibrational modes, shedding light on the dynamics of “hot” carriers and electron-hole recombination. Overall, our findings elucidate the detailed mechanism underlying the evolution of electronically coupled excitons and carriers in orthorhombic perovskite, contributing to a deeper understanding of exciton-carrier interactions and their modulation by lattice vibrations in complex condensed matter systems.
Large Language Models for Crop Yield Prediction
Authors: Tan Keong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Accurate crop yield prediction is vital for agricultural planning and food security. Traditional methods often struggle to integrate diverse datasets, leading to suboptimal predictions. This paper introduces a novel approach leveraging large language models (LLMs), specifically GPT-4, combined with prompt engineering to enhance predictive accuracy. Our method involves crafting specific prompts to guide the LLM in synthesizing data from weather patterns, soil properties, historical yields, and remote sensing. We conducted extensive experiments comparing our method against traditional machine learning models and the Chain of Thought (CoT) approach. Results demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms these baselines in terms of contextual accuracy, explanation quality, and scenario adaptability. This study highlights the potential of LLMs in advancing agricultural analytics and sets the stage for future research in this domain.
Enhancing the Implementation and Integration of mHealth Interventions in Resource-Limited Settings: A Scoping Review
Authors: Tumuhimbise Wilson , Theuring Stefanie , Kaggwa Fred , Atukunda Esther C , Rubaihayo John , Atwine Daniel , Sekandi Juliet N , Musiimenta Angella 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background. Although mobile health (mHealth) interventions have shown promise in improving health outcomes, most of them rarely translate to scale. Prevailing mHealth studies are largely small-sized, short-term and donor-funded pilot studies with limited evidence on their effectiveness. To facilitate scale-up, several frameworks have been proposed to enhance the generic implementation of health interventions. However, there is a lack of a specific focus on the implementation and integration of mHealth interventions in routine care in low-resource settings. Our scoping review aimed to synthesize and develop a framework that could guide the implementation and integration of mHealth interventions.Methods:We searchedthePubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases for published theories, models, and frameworks related to the implementation and integration of clinical interventions from 1stJanuary 2000 to 31stDecember 2023. The data processing was guided by a scoping review methodology proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. Studies were included if they were i) peer-reviewed and published between 2000 and 2023, ii) explicitly described a framework for clinical intervention implementation and integration, or iii) available in full text and published in English. We integrated different domains and constructs from the reviewed frameworks to develop a new framework for implementing and integrating mHealth interventions.Results:We identified eight eligible papers with eight frameworks composed of 102 implementation domains. None of the identified frameworks were specific to the integration of mHealth interventions in low-resource settings. Two constructs (skill impartation and intervention awareness) related to the training domain, four constructs (technical and logistical support, identifying committed staff, supervision, and redesigning) from the restructuring domain, two constructs (monetary incentives and nonmonetary incentives) from the incentivize domain, two constructs (organizational mandates and government mandates) from the mandate domain and two constructs (collaboration and routine workflows) from the integrate domain. Therefore, a new framework that outlines five main domains—train, restructure, incentivize, mandate, and integrate (TRIMI)—in relation to the integration and implementation of mHealth interventions in low-resource settings emerged.Conclusion:The TRIMI framework presents a realistic and realizable solution for the implementation and integration deficits of mHealth interventions in low-resource settings.