bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined Papillectomy and Autologous Conjunctival Membrane Graft as Management of Giant Papillae for Severe, Refractory Palpebral Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis—A Case Report
Authors: Annisa Devina Nur , Suharko Hernawita , Gaol Hasiana Lumban , Viona Viona 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is an allergic disease that predominantly affects young individuals, with a higher incidence among males. Traditionally seen as a condition of childhood that resolves at puberty, recent studies have shown persistent cases in some individuals, potentially influenced by hot and dry tropical environmental conditions. VKC is more prevalent in regions with a hot and humid climate and a high presence of airborne allergens, leading to significant morbidity and impacting the quality of life for affected individuals. Severe and chronic cases can lead to vision‐threatening corneal complications, making effective management crucial. Although the clinical profile of VKC varies geographically, comprehensive studies in specific regions remain limited.Case Presentation: In this case report, we present an 18‐year‐old male patient with severe and refractory VKC. Despite initial treatments, including topical and oral medications, recurrent episodes occurred every 6 months, accompanied by giant papillae (GP) formation and corneal ulcers. The patient had a history of triamcinolone injection and papillectomy combined with amnion membrane transplantation, but presented with a refractory disease in a year. Surgical intervention involving papillectomy and autologous conjunctival membrane graft was performed, leading to a smooth upper tarsal conjunctiva during the 2‐year follow‐up period, without GP recurrence and maintaining a clear cornea. The patient’s symptoms were effectively managed with topical medications.Conclusion: The management of VKC necessitates a comprehensive approach involving preventive measures, pharmacological treatment, and surgical interventions for refractory cases. This case highlights the potential benefits of surgical techniques, such as papillectomy and autologous conjunctival membrane graft, in managing severe and refractory VKC cases with a history of previous surgical procedure failure. However, it is essential to recognize that exposure avoidance and allergic control remain fundamental in VKC management. Further research and larger studies are required to validate the efficacy of these surgical techniques in managing VKC.
Runtime Analysis of Single- and Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms for Chance-Constrained Optimization Problems with Normally Distributed Random Variables
Authors: Neumann Frank , Witt Carsten 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Chance-constrained optimization problems allow us to model problems where constraints involving stochastic components should be violated only with a small probability. Evolutionary algorithms have been applied to this scenario and shown to achieve high-quality results. With this paper, we contribute to the theoretical understanding of evolutionary algorithms for chance-constrained optimization. We study the scenario of stochastic components that are independent and normally distributed. Considering the simple single-objective (1+1) EA, we show that imposing an additional uniform constraint already leads to local optima for very restricted scenarios and an exponential optimization time. We therefore introduce a multiobjective formulation of the problem which trades off the expected cost and its variance. We show that multiobjective evolutionary algorithms are highly effective when using this formulation and obtain a set of solutions that contains an optimal solution for any possible confidence level imposed on the constraint. Furthermore, we prove that this approach can also be used to compute a set of optimal solutions for the chance-constrained minimum spanning tree problem. In order to deal with potentially exponentially many trade-offs in the multiobjective formulation, we propose and analyze improved convex multiobjective approaches. Experimental investigations on instances of the NP-hard stochastic minimum weight dominating set problem confirm the benefit of the multiobjective and the improved convex multiobjective approach in practice.
“Divide According to Sharīʿa”: The Islamic Inheritance System in the Russian Empire
Authors: Garipova Rozaliya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Until the end of the imperial period, the Volga-Ural Muslim communities in the Russian empire practiced several methods of intergenerational property transfer, such as waṣiyyat (bequest), hiba (gift), ṣulḥ/takhāruj (peaceful settlement) and the “science of the shares” (ʿilm al-farāʾiḍ). The Volga-Ural Muslims considered them all as legitimate ways of property division according to Islamic law (sharīʿa). However, a significant shift occurred in the early 1820s when the Russian imperial state confirmed the Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Assembly as the court of appeal for family and inheritance matters. Subsequently, Volga-Ural Muslims began to petition the oa, seeking a reconsideration of their inheritance divisions, specifically requesting a division “according to sharīʿa”. By the end of the nineteenth century, most of these petitions resulted in divisions based on the science of the shares. I argue that the oa served as an extra-communal venue where Muslims could challenge intra-familial or communal methods of inheritance division, and request divisions based on the science of the shares.
A case of autoimmune hepatitis associated with the PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab
Authors: Ibrahim Amira , Prasad Geeta , Kilpatrick Eric S , Morris Timothy J 
Published: August 2024

This is a case of a 61-year-old lady who presented to the lipid clinic with possible familial hypercholesterolaemia (Simon Broome Criteria). She was commenced on atorvastatin; however, 4 weeks later, she developed hepatitis, and therefore her atorvastatin was discontinued. Following that, her liver function tests normalized, and she was diagnosed with statin-induced hepatitis. Three years later, she was seen again in the lipid clinic with an uncontrolled lipid profile, and she was commenced on alirocumab, a Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor. A few days later, she developed hepatitis, and subsequently, the alirocumab was discontinued. She underwent a liver biopsy, which confirmed that she had Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) with presumed superimposed drug injury. This is the first reported case of autoimmune hepatitis associated with alirocumab.
Assessment by finite element analysis modelling of tissue strains associated with the use of two different nasogastric tube securement devices
Authors: McNulty Amy K. , Wilkes Robert P. , Schommer Kimberly , Sieracki James 
Published: August 2024

Objectives Nasogastric tube use can lead to pressure injury. Some nasogastric tube securement devices (NG-SD) include hard plastic components. In the current study, we assessed the differences in strain profiles for two NG-SD, one with hard segments and one without hard segments, using finite element analysis (FEA) to measure strain and deformation occurring at the nasogastric tube–tissue interface. Methods FEA in silico models of devices were based on device mechanical test data and clinically relevant placements. Peak strain values were determined by modelling different scenarios using Abaqus software whereby the tubing is moved during wear. Results The modelling showed peak strains ranging from 52% to 434% for the two NG-SD depending on the tubing placement and device type. Peak strain was always higher for the hard plastic device. Tissue strain energy was a minimum of 133.8 mJ for the NG-SD with no hard parts and a maximum of 311.6 mJ for the NG-SD with hard parts. Conclusions This study provided evidence through in silico modelling that NG-SD without hard components may impart less strain and stress to tissues which may provide an option for tube securement that is less likely to cause medical device-related pressure injury.
Implementation of a MSRE ddPCR method for the detection of methylated WIF1 and NPY genes in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Trentin Luca , Basile Debora , Lazzari Elena , Fietta Elena , Rossi Alice , Graziani Filomena , Cappetta Alessandro , Simionato Francesca , D’Amore Emanuele , Perbellini Omar , Aprile Giuseppe 
Published: August 2024

Background: Colorectal cancer is a worldwide leading cause of death accounting for high-rate mortality. Mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor and RAS/MAPK pathways, as well as altered methylation genes profiles, have been described as molecular mechanisms promoting and sustaining tumour development and progression. Aberrant methylation is a well-known epigenetic mechanism involved in gene regulation; particularly several genes were reported as hypermethylated in CRC. Recently, it was shown that epigenetic alterations in genes such as neuropeptide y, proenkephalin and Wnt inhibitory factor 1 can be used as promising disease biomarkers. Almost all methods developed for the DNA methylation analysis combined next generation sequencing, conventional qRT-PCR or ddPCR with the prior DNA modification with sodium bisulfite. Methods and results: We implemented a ddPCR method to assess the methylation status of Wnt inhibitory factor 1 and neuropeptide y using the methylation sensitive restriction enzyme approach that does not impact on DNA quality and guarantees the discrimination of DNA methylation independent of bisulfite conversion. Conclusions: We showed that this method is robust and sensitive also allowing the monitoring of CRC disease progression when applied to circulating free DNA samples from liquid biopsies, proving to be a fast and easy to implement assay to be used for the monitoring of the methylation pattern of clinically relevant target genes.
Clinical and Radiological Outcomes at ≥10-Year Follow-up After Matrix-induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation in the Patellofemoral Joint
Authors: Ebert Jay R. , Klinken Sven , Fallon Michael , Wood David J. , Janes Gregory C. 
Published: August 2024

Background: Matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) has demonstrated encouraging outcomes in the treatment of knee cartilage defects, although limited research is available on its longer term (≥10 years) sustainability in the patellofemoral joint. Purpose: To report the clinical and radiological outcomes at ≥10 years in a prospectively recruited cohort of patients undergoing MACI in the patellofemoral joint and compare outcomes in patients undergoing MACI on the patella versus the trochlea. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The current study prospectively enrolled 95 patients who underwent patellofemoral MACI, of whom 29 (13 patella, 16 trochlea) underwent concomitant tibial tubercle osteotomy. Patients were assessed preoperatively and at 2, 5, and ≥10 years using a range of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) including the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, the 36-item Short Form Health Survey, and the frequency and severity of knee pain as well as patient satisfaction, full active knee flexion and extension, and peak isokinetic knee extensor and flexor torques. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed to assess pertinent graft parameters, as well as determine an overall MRI composite score, per the Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue scoring system. Results were analyzed according to the graft location (patella or trochlea). Results: Of the 95 patients recruited, 82 patients (41 patella, 41 trochlea) were available for a clinical review at ≥10 years after surgery (mean follow-up, 11.9 years [range, 10-15 years]). For the whole patellofemoral MACI cohort, all PROMs significantly improved over time ( P < .05), with no significant changes ( P > .05) observed in any MRI-based score from 2 to ≥10 years after surgery. At ≥10 years, 90.2% (n = 74) were satisfied with MACI in relieving their knee pain, and 85.4% (n = 70) were satisfied with the improvement in their ability to participate in sports. No differences ( P > .05) were observed in PROMs between those undergoing patellar MACI and those undergoing trochlear MACI, although a significant group effect was observed for limb symmetry indices of knee extensor ( P = .009) and flexor ( P = .041) strength, which were greater in those undergoing patellar (vs trochlear) MACI. No statistically significant differences ( P > .05) were observed between patellar and trochlear grafts on any MRI-based measure. In the cohort assessed at ≥10 years after surgery, 4 patients (2 patella, 2 trochlea) demonstrated graft failure on MRI scans, although a further 3 patients (all trochlea) were omitted from the ≥10-year review for having already progressed to total knee arthroplasty. Conclusion: Good clinical scores, high levels of patient satisfaction, and adequate graft survivorship were observed at ≥10 years after MACI on the patella and trochlea.
Hip Arthroscopy Versus Physical Therapy for the Treatment of Symptomatic Acetabular Labral Tears in Patients Older Than 40 Years: 24-Month Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Martin Scott D. , Dean Michael C. , Gillinov Stephen M. , Cherian Nathan J. , Eberlin Christopher T. , Kucharik Michael P. , Abraham Paul F. , Nazal Mark R. , Conaway William K. , Quinlan Noah J. , Alpaugh Kyle , Torabian Kaveh A. 
Published: August 2024

Background: The indications for hip arthroscopy in patients aged ≥40 years remain controversial, as observational studies have suggested that advanced age portends poor functional outcomes, poor durability of improvement, and high rates of conversion to total hip arthroplasty. Purpose: To compare hip arthroscopy versus nonoperative management for symptomatic labral tears in patients aged ≥40 years with limited radiographic osteoarthritis. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: This single-surgeon, parallel randomized controlled trial included patients aged ≥40 years with limited osteoarthritis (Tönnis grades 0-2) who were randomized 1:1 to arthroscopic surgery with postoperative physical therapy (SPT) or physical therapy alone (PTA). Patients who received PTA and achieved unsatisfactory improvement were permitted to cross over to SPT after completing ≥14 weeks of physical therapy (CO). The primary outcomes were the International Hip Outcome Tool-33 score and modified Harris Hip Score at 24 months after surgery, and secondary outcomes included other patient-reported outcome measures and the visual analog scale for pain. The primary analysis was performed on an intention-to-treat basis using linear mixed-effects models. Sensitivity analyses included modified as-treated and treatment-failure analyses. Results: A total of 97 patients were included, with 52 (53.6%) patients in the SPT group and 45 (46.4%) patients in the PTA group. Of the patients who underwent PTA, 32 (71.1%) patients crossed over to arthroscopy at a mean of 5.10 months (SD, 3.3 months) after physical therapy initiation. In both intention-to-treat and modified as-treated analyses, the SPT group displayed superior mean patient-reported outcome measure and pain scores across the study period for nearly all metrics relative to the PTA group. In the treatment-failure analysis, the SPT and CO groups showed greater improvement across all metrics compared with PTA; however, post hoc analyses revealed no significant differences in improvement between the SPT and CO groups. No significant differences were observed between groups in rates of total hip arthroplasty conversion. Conclusion: In patients ≥40 years of age with limited osteoarthritis, hip arthroscopy with postoperative physical therapy led to better outcomes than PTA at a 24-month follow-up. However, additional preoperative physical therapy did not compromise surgical outcomes and allowed some patients to avoid surgery. When surgery is indicated, age ≥40 years should not be considered an independent contraindication to arthroscopic acetabular labral repair. Registration: NCT03909178 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
Impact of Financial Distress on the Firm’s Efficiency in India: Using Shareholder Activism and Profit Before Interest and Tax as a Moderator
Authors: Agarwal Bhakti , Rastogi Shailesh , Tejasmayee Pracheta 
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This research attempted to reveal the impact of financial distress (FD) on the efficiency level of firms working in India. The objectives are as follows: (a) Obtaining the amount of consequence FD has on the efficiency of firms; (b) Assessing the effect of FD on the firms’ efficiency under the influence of technical efficiency. Design/Methodology/Approach: This article used the panel data method to analyse the data ranging from 2010 to 2019. Findings: The study’s results show a strong and positive relationship between FD and the operational efficiency of businesses operating in India. Additionally, in Shareholder Activism (SHA) most analytical models continually show a consistently positive and statistically significant. However, the Profit Before Interest and Tax (PBIT) impact remains statistically insignificant in all cases. Practical Implications: The implications of this research highlight an essential insight for potential investors, emphasizing the knowledge that FD have the potential to negatively impact a company’s market standing when they culminate in unfavorable circumstances, potentially leading to financial losses for invested capital. Originality/Value: As of now, there are no studies in the body of literature that support the moderating effects of two different variables—PBIT and SHA—on the relationship between FD and a firm’s operational efficiency.
Mosques and Public Health Promotion: A Scoping Review of Faith-Driven Health Interventions
Authors: Abu-Ras Wahiba , Aboul-Enein Basil H. , Almoayad Fatmah , Benajiba Nada , Dodge Elizabeth 
Published: August 2024

Background Religious institutions play a crucial role in health promotion and hold significant influence in the public health field. Aim The aim of this review is to examine outcomes of health-promoting interventions involving the use of mosques as the intervention venue, its role in promoting health behavior change, and the role of theory in each intervention. Methods A scoping review was conducted across 17 databases for relevant publications published up to and including August 2023 that involved the use of mosques as the intervention venue. Fourteen articles met inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Results The studies featured a wide range of interventions. However, only eight of these studies integrated theoretical frameworks into their approaches, indicating a need for more structured guidance in this field. These theoretical frameworks included Participatory Action Research (PAR), the theory of planned behavior, behavior-change constructs, the patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR) framework, and prolonged exposure techniques within Islamic principles. The review identified three main health-focused intervention categories: mental health, prevention, and communication, each providing valuable insights into initiatives within Muslim communities. Conclusions This review underscores the significance of inclusive and culturally sensitive health interventions, emphasizing the effectiveness of faith-based approaches in improving health outcomes, promoting positive health behaviors, and addressing communication and cultural barriers. The reviews findings stress the need for further research that incorporates theoretical frameworks and tailored interventions to meet the specific cultural needs of these communities, ultimately contributing to enhanced well-being within them.
Adverse events associated with robotic-assistance in total hip arthroplasty: an analysis based on the FDA MAUDE database
Authors: Graefe S Bradley , Kirchner Gregory J , Pahapill Natalie K , Nam Hannah H , Dunleavy Mark L , Haines Nikkole 
Published: August 2024

Background: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) maintains the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database for reporting adverse events associated with medical devices, including emerging technologies, such as robotic-assisted total hip arthroplasty (THA). Aim of this study was to evaluate the variation of adverse events associated with robotics in THA. Methods: Medical device reports (MDRs) within the MAUDE database were identified between 2017 and 2021. For MDR identification the product class “orthopaedic stereotaxic equipment” and terms associated with THA were used. Individual adverse events were identified and organised by type and consequences, such as patient injury, surgical delay, or conversion to the manual technique. Results: 521 MDRs constituting 546 discrete events were found. The most common reported complication was intraoperative hardware failure (304/546, 55.7%), among which the most common failure was a broken impaction handle/platform (110, 20.1%). Inaccurate cup placement was the second most common reported complication (63, 11.5%). Abandoning the robot occurred in 13.0% (71/521) of reports. A surgical delay was noted in 28% (146/521) of reports, with an average delay of 17.9 (range 1–60) minutes. Conclusions: Identifying complications that may occur with robotics in THA is an important first step in preventing adverse events and surgical delays. Database analysis provide an overview of the range of complications.
Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Actinic Keratosis: A Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wan Yuanyuan , Zeng Qinghai , Jiang Ling , Fu Chuhan , Mao Shunmin , Zhang Lan , Zhang Yushan , Zhang Xiaolin , Zhu Lu , Zhang Fan , Chen Jing , Lei Li 
Published: August 2024

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective treatment for actinic keratosis (AK) and uses different light sources as well as photosensitizers. In addition, PDT is often combined with other physical therapies or drugs. Objectives: This study was aimed to compare the efficacy of different PDTs against AK lesions based on Complete Response (CR) by conducting a network meta-analysis (NMA). Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using PDT for AK were screened and a Bayesian model was developed to perform an NMA of CR at 3 months after the first treatment. Results: Twenty-six trials involving 2285 patients and 14 treatments were included. The treatments were broadly divided into mono-PDT and combination therapy. The photodynamic monotherapies included methyl 5-aminolevulinic acid (MAL)-daylight (DL)-PDT, MAL-light-emitting diode (LED)-PDT, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-LED-PDT, etc. Combination therapies included ablative fractional laser (AFL)-assisted MAL-LED-PDT, calcipotriol (CAL)-assisted MAL-LED-PDT, and 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu)-assisted MAL-DL-PDT. The results of the NMA showed that there is a high probability that AFL-MAL-LED-PDT is the most effective treatment option, followed by CAL-MAL-LED-PDT and ALA-LED-PDT. The subgroup analysis showed that MAL-based PDT had better efficacy when using LED versus other light sources, while LED-based PDT was likely to have better efficacy when using ALA versus other photosensitizers. Conclusions: The results of this NMA suggest that AFL-MAL-LED-PDT may be the superior choice for achieving complete clearance of AK lesions. PDT using LED as the light source and ALA as the photosensitizer may be more effective for the treatment of AK. However, more RCTs are needed to verify the results of this analysis.