bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population dynamics and economic losses caused by Zeuzera pyrina, a cryptic wood‐borer moth, in an olive orchard in Egypt
Authors: Hegazi Esmat , Schlyter Fredrik , Khafagi Wedad , Atwa Atwa , Agamy Essam , Konstantopoulou Maria 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The leopard moth Zeuzera pyrina L. (ZP) is an invasive pest from Europe of increasing significance in North Africa, in particular for olive cultivation. We followed the temporal dynamics by combined light/pheromone trapping over a 10‐year period (2002–2011) in a 240‐ha olive farm in Northern Egypt.
The ZP had an annual cycle with one or two peak flights, from late April until October. Time series analysis showed a 2‐year cycle of trap catch. This cycle is likely related to the ‘on/off’ bearing pattern of the olive, where years of high and low yield are observed to alternate.
Larval damage in both ‘on’ and ‘off’ years in the infested trees gave fruit yield losses of 37–42%. The loss was estimated to 2.1–4.8 t/ha among susceptible varieties. The relative losses were the same during on and off years.
Infestation of four susceptible and five resistant olive cultivars in different cropping systems varied within and between adjacent plots. The results suggest less infestation by intercropping of resistant varieties, which could assist in ZP management.
Both temporal and spatial dynamics strongly influence population dynamics and the dynamics are related to variation in the moth host plant.
DPP4 Inhibitors increase differentially the expression of surfactant proteins in Fischer 344 rats
Authors: Schmiedl A. , Grützner D. , Hoffmann T. , von Hörsten S. , Stephan M. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAimIntact surface active agent (surfactant) composed of surfactant‐associated proteins (SPs) and lipids is necessary for respiration and prevents alveoli from collapsing. CD26, a transmembrane glycoprotein exerting dipeptidyl peptidase activity (DPP4), highly expressed in lung parenchyma, is involved in inflammatory processes. A pharmacological inhibition of DPP4 influenced not only the inflammation but also elevated the SPs. Thus, DPP4 inhibitors may be a novel drug for treatment of diseases with surfactant deficiency. Therefore, we tested firstly the hypothesis that DPP4 inhibitors increase the expression of SPs in healthy rats.MethodsSP mRNA and protein expression were determined different times after nebulization of aerosolized DPP4 inhibitors [L‐isoleucine‐thiazolidide (L‐Ile‐Thia), L‐valine‐pyrrolidide (L‐Val‐Pyrr)], budesonide, saline or stereoisomers.ResultsCompared with negative controls (1) L‐Ile‐Thia as well as budesonide led to a significant higher and L‐Val‐Pyrr had the tendency to a significant higher expression of SP‐A mRNA 6 h after nebulization, (2) the expression of SP‐D mRNA increased significantly 6 h after nebulization with L‐Ile‐Thia and 3 and 6 h after nebulization with Val‐pyrr, (3) SP‐B mRNA levels showed significantly higher values 3 and 6 h after nebulization with L‐Val‐Pyrr, (4) protein levels of SP‐A, SP‐B and SP‐C were elevated significantly 6 h after nebulization with L‐Val‐Pyrr as well as with budesonide, and (5) phospholipids were also increased in response to DPP4 inhibition; the minimal surface tension was comparable.ConclusionDPP4 inhibition influence differently the expression of surfactant proteins in healthy rats and may be suitable to elevate surfactant synthesis in different diseases accompanied with surfactant deficiencies.
Vascular niches: endothelial cells as tissue‐ and site‐specific multifunctional team players in health and disease
Authors: Géraud Cyrill , Koch Philipp‐S. , Goerdt Sergij 
Published: July 2014

SummaryThe cardiovascular system is a circulatory system that transports the blood and reaches out to almost every site of the body. Endothelial cells (EC) as the innermost cell layer of blood vessels constitute a huge interface between the blood and nearly all other tissues and cells. Although blood vessels and their EC were considered as rather inert and passive conduits early in the history of vascular discoveries, progress in vascular research now suggests that EC are actively involved in a plethora of physiological or pathophysiological processes. Endothelial heterogeneity and the concept of vascular niches are in the spotlight of current research in vascular biology. Endothelial heterogeneity comprises morphologic, molecular and functional features. It allows EC to adapt to the organ‐ and site‐specific requirements exhibited by different segments of the vascular tree. In organ‐specific vascular niches, EC mutually interact with neighboring cells. EC‐derived cytokines, called angiokines, acting in a paracrine (angiocrine) fashion have been shown to be decisively involved in various biological processes ranging from stem cell maintenance to organ regeneration as well as cancer progression and metastasis. In summary, EC should always be considered as teammates in the maintenance and regulation of complex multicellular network interactions in health and disease.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEBT LEVEL AND FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY IN ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC COOPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT COUNTRIES
Authors: Camarero Mariam , Carrion‐i‐Silvestre Josep Lluís , Tamarit Cecilio 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn this article we unify the traditional approaches to testing for fiscal sustainability considering the stock‐flow system that fiscal variables configure. Our approach encompasses previous ways of testing for sustainability. The results obtained for a group of 17 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries point to weak fiscal sustainability, as well as to the existence of cointegration between deficit and debt, confirming the relevance of the stock‐flow approach. Allowing for structural breaks and multicointegration turns out to be of critical importance to assess whether the fiscal authorities apply their policies looking for sustainability and whether, simultaneously, they try to stabilize real debt target levels.(JEL H62, E62, C22)
The course of headache in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a 12‐month prospective follow‐up study
Authors: Yri H. M. , Rönnbäck C. , Wegener M. , Hamann S. , Jensen R. H. 
Published: July 2014

Background and purposeOur aim was to prospectively describe the course of headache during the first year of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).MethodsPatients with newly diagnosed IIH were consecutively included from December 2010 to June 2013. Treatment according to standard guidelines was initiated. Headache history was obtained by headache diaries and standardized interviews performed at baseline and after 1, 2, 3 and 12 months. Parallel changes in papilledema were assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT). All patients had comprehensive neuro‐ophthalmological examinations including automated perimetry.ResultsForty‐four patients were included. Thirty‐five patients completed the 12‐month follow‐up. Dramatic improvement in headache occurred within the first weeks after diagnosis. After 1 year, 15 patients reported no or only infrequent headache. However, 15 of the remaining 20 patients reported sustained chronic headache. Early age of onset and high diagnostic intracranial pressure (ICP) were associated with better headache outcome (≤1 headache days/month) after a year. Papilledema decreased rapidly within the first 2 months of diagnosis. After 1 year, OCT measures had normalized. Visual outcome was excellent in most patients.ConclusionsAlthough headache in 43% of patients responded well to ICP management, sustained long‐term headache was seen in the remaining patients, despite resolution of papilledema. Headache in IIH may thus be attributed to more complex mechanisms than ICP elevation alone. High ICP and young age were associated with better headache outcome. Early treatment according to standard guidelines seems sufficient to ensure excellent visual outcome in the vast majority of patients.
High frequency of DQB1*05 and absolute absence of DRB1*13 in muscle‐specific tyrosine kinase positive myasthenia gravis
Authors: Nikolic A. V. , Andric Z. P. , Simonovic R. B. , Rakocevic Stojanovic V. M. , Basta I. Z. , Bojic S. D. , Lavrnic D. V. 
Published: July 2014

Background and purposeMyasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease but certain genetic factors predispose its development. Since susceptibility to different forms of MG is linked to a number of allelic variants, the aim of this study was to explore the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) profile of our patients with muscle‐specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK) MG.MethodsHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing was performed in our cohort of 31 MuSK MG patients available for the study. The allele groups of DRB1* and DQB1* loci were typed with sequence‐specific oligonucleotide probes and high resolution typing for DQB1* was performed using sequence‐specific primers. HLA frequencies were compared with unrelated healthy bone marrow donors.ResultsSignificant association of MuSK MG with alleles DRB1*14 [odds ratio (OR) 3.8], DRB1*16 (OR 3.3) (P < 0.01) and DQB1*05 (OR 2.2) (P < 0.05) was found. In our patients the most frequent DQB1* allele was DQB1*05:02. An absolute absence of DRB1*13 in our cohort of MuSK MG patients was also found, whilst this allele was present in 25% (495/1992) of control subjects (OR 0) (P < 0.01). The HLA DRB1*16−DQB1*05 (OR 2.9) haplotype was found to be associated with MuSK MG (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe strong association of MuSK MG with DQB1*05 alleles observed in patient series from other countries was confirmed. The novel finding in our cohort of MuSK MG patients was the absolute absence of DRB1*13 allele, which might have a protective role in the development of MuSK MG, at least in our population.
Interface, interaction and integration: how people with chronic disease in Australia manage CAM and conventional medical services
Authors: Lin Vivian , Canaway Rachel , Carter Bronwyn 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectivesTo understand the extent to which conventional and complementary health care are integrated for CAM users with chronic conditions.MethodsIn‐depth interviews and a self‐administered questionnaire were used to collect data on care‐seeking, self‐management and CAM use among people with type 2 diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease living in Victoria, Australia.ResultsMany participants reported regular, frequent and long‐term use of CAM therapies to maintain their health or assist in the management of their chronic condition. They generally managed the interface between convention and complementary health care on their own, as the perceived or expressed negative attitudes of some doctors, or the belief that the doctor did not need to know, were barriers to the disclosure of CAM use. For a smaller group, there was interaction between conventional and CAM providers, which limited the extent of uncertainty and conflicting information being (mis)interpreted by consumers.ConclusionsGreater interaction between CAM and medical providers would be beneficial to consumers. Structural barriers, related to financing and service organization, need to be addressed. Attitudinal shifts of some health‐care practitioners also need to be addressed, in the context of workforce development.
Temperature‐dependent rheological property changes of thermoplastic gutta‐percha root filling materials
Authors: Moon H. J. , Lee J. H. , Ahn J. H. , Song H. J. , Park Y. J. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAimTo compare the penetration resistance (PR) of six thermoplastic gutta‐percha (GP) materials against needle penetration at different temperatures.MethodologyThe PR of the following materials based on warm gutta‐percha techniques, Beefill GP Cartridge (Beefill), GP Obturator‐Hard/Medium/Soft (Dia‐H, Dia‐M, Dia‐S), Obtura (Obtura) and Tactendo Gutta (Tactendo), was measured as a function of temperature change (from 30 °C to 200 °C). The PR was measured using a force gauge, mounted on a motor‐driven micrometre stage, which pushed the penetration needle against GP in a glass cylinder at the designated temperatures. Data were analysed using Kruskal–Wallis anova and Duncan's multiple range tests at 5% significance.ResultsThe mean PR values for all assessed materials ranged from 15.55 MPa to 26.02 MPa at 30 °C, decreased to 0.18–1.61 MPa at 60 °C, and finally reached 0.02–0.12 MPa at 200 °C. The Obtura had the highest PR values at most of the measured temperatures. At 40–60 °C, Obtura had the highest PR value (P < 0.05), and Tactendo had the lowest amongst the tested materials. At 70–200 °C, both the mean PR values and melt flow temperature (MFR) of Obtura, Dia‐H and Dia‐M were significantly higher than those of other materials (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe PR values were changed by both the heating temperature and the brand or type of GP materials tested. Each material was associated with drastic decreases before reaching 60 °C in different degrees, and Obtura had the highest PR at most of the measured temperatures.
Generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge
Authors: Nofal Ahmad , Assaf Magda , Ghonemy Soheir , Nofal Eman , Yosef Ayman 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundGeneralized eruptive keratoacanthoma (GEKA) is an extremely rare variant of keratoacanthoma that poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.PatientsThe study included three patients presenting with highly pruritic, generalized eruption of numerous small skin and flesh‐colored follicular papules. They were mainly distributed on the face, neck, and trunk. Few larger nodules were also present. Mask‐like facies, mucosal involvement, and ectropion were evident in two patients. Family history was irrelevant, and general examination was unremarkable.ResultsHistopathological examination revealed typical features of keratoacanthoma, particularly in the larger lesions. Routine laboratory tests were normal, and ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed no evidence of malignancy. Based on the clinicopathological correlation, the diagnosis of our cases was GEKA of Grzybowski. Acitretin 1 mg/kg per day and methotrexate 15 mg/week for three months were associated with mild or no response. Cyclophosphamide pulse therapy 1 g/month for six months was associated with complete clearance of the lesions in the first two patients, while the third was lost to follow‐up after failure of acitretin therapy.ConclusionBecause of the extreme rarity of reported cases, the common absence of classic large lesions of keratoacanthoma, the atypical histological presentations in some cases, and absence of a uniformly effective therapeutic approach, we believe that GEKA still represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Cyclophosphamide pulse therapy is a promising alternative to oral retinoids.
A time course study about gene expression of post‐thermal injury with DNA microarray
Authors: Ou Shan , Liu Guo‐Dong , Tan Yan , Zhou Le‐Shun , Bai Shu‐Rong , Xue Gang , Li Jun , Yang Yong , Cui Jian , Cheng Jing‐Min , Gu Jian‐Wen 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundBurn injury is one of the most common and devastating forms of trauma in daily life. However, the exact sequence of events after burn injury remains unknown.ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate gene expression alterations after burn injury.MethodsMicroarray data set GSE8056 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including 12 samples, equally distributed in four groups: normal skin tissue as control and damaged tissues 1–3 days after burn (early period); 4–7 days after burn (middle period); and more than 7 days after burn (late period). Packages in R language were utilized to pre‐process the data and filter out the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional annotation of all three groups of DEGs was conducted by using clusters of orthologous groups analysis. The DEGs shared by all three groups were picked out and analyzed with STRING to set up a protein–protein interaction network. CFinder was chosen to implement module analysis, and expression analysis systematic explorer was then adopted to reveal the dysfunctional pathways for each module.ResultsA total of 727, 782, and 445 DEGs were identified in the early, middle, and late period after burn, and 234 DEGs were identified as continually differentially expressed throughout all time periods, including genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8, and IL‐1β, and genes associated with cell proliferation. Three modules associated with cell proliferation and inflammatory responses were generated from the protein–protein interaction network.ConclusionOur findings are beneficial for understanding the progression of the wound healing response after burn.
Heat inactivation of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
Authors: Leclercq India , Batéjat Christophe , Burguière Ana M. , Manuguerra Jean‐Claude 
Published: July 2014

The culture supernatants of the emerging Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS‐CoV) were submitted to three temperatures over time and tested for infectivity by TCID50 method on Vero E6 cells. At 56°C, almost 25 minutes were necessary to reduce the initial titre by 4 log10. Increasing temperature to 65°C had a strong negative effect on viral infectivity as virucidy dropped significantly to 1 minute. On the contrary, no significant decrease in titre was observed after 2 hours at 25°C. These data might be useful in establishing biosafety measures in laboratories against MERS‐CoV.
Prediction on the Surface Phase Diagram and Growth Morphology of Nanocrystal Ruthenium Dioxide
Authors: Xu Canhui , Jiang Yong , Yi Danqing , Zhang Haibin , Peng Shuming , Liang Jianhua 
Published: July 2014

Surface energy has an important role in controlling the exposed facets and growth morphology of nanocrystals. In this study, we employed first‐principle thermodynamic modeling and calculations to evaluate the substantial effects of environmental factors (temperature and oxygen partial pressure), on the surface structure, stability, and nanocrystal morphology of rutile‐type ruthenium dioxide (RuO2). Both stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric surfaces with ideal bulk terminations were assessed. The relative ordering of stoichiometric surface stabilities was predicted as (110) > (101) > (100) > (001). The sensitive environment dependence of nonstoichiometric surface stabilities was evaluated by calculating the surface phase diagram, and partially validated by comparing with available experimental observations. The predicted surface stabilities were further coupled with the Gibbs–Wulff construction of equilibrium crystal shape, to predict the morphological evolutions of RuO2 nanocrystals under practical growth conditions. A morphology‐controlled growth technique was finally suggested for designing and developing hierarchical nanostructures by intelligently adjusting the thermodynamic growth conditions.
Sintering Behavior and Dielectric Properties of Ultra‐Low Temperature Fired Silver Molybdate Ceramics
Authors: Zhou Di , Li Wen‐Bo , Pang Li‐Xia , Guo Jing , Qi Ze‐Ming , Shao Tao , Yue Zhen‐Xing , Yao Xi 
Published: July 2014

Ag2MoO4 ceramic was prepared by using the solid‐state reaction method, which could be sintered at 450°C for 2 h, having a relative permittivity of 8.08, a Qf value of 17 000 GHz, and a temperature coefficient of resonance frequency about −133 ppm/°C. Ag2MoO4 ceramic was chemically compatible with silver but reacted seriously with aluminum to form (Ag0.5Al0.5)MoO4 during the sintering. The fitting of infrared spectra and the Shannon's additive rule were employed to study intrinsic dielectric behaviors of the ceramics at microwave region. Ionic displacive polarization and the electronic polarization contributed almost equally to the dielectric permittivity of the ceramic at microwave region. The Ag2MoO4 ceramics could be a good candidate for ultra‐low temperature co‐fired microwave devices.
Aquinas on Teaching and Learning
Authors: Davies Brian 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThomas Aquinas has a philosophy of education. In this article I try to indicate what it amounts to by focusing not only on his theoretical discussions of teaching and learning but also on what can be gleaned about his approach to teaching by looking at his own teaching practice as displayed in some of his writings. In addition, I look at two of Aquinas's sermons that shed light on what he thinks about teaching and learning.
Smartphone, tablet computer and e‐reader use by people with vision impairment
Authors: Crossland Michael D. , S. Silva Rui , Macedo Antonio F. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPurposeConsumer electronic devices such as smartphones, tablet computers, and e‐book readers have become far more widely used in recent years. Many of these devices contain accessibility features such as large print and speech. Anecdotal experience suggests people with vision impairment frequently make use of these systems. Here we survey people with self‐identified vision impairment to determine their use of this equipment.MethodAn internet‐based survey was advertised to people with vision impairment by word of mouth, social media, and online. Respondents were asked demographic information, what devices they owned, what they used these devices for, and what accessibility features they used.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐two complete responses were received. Twenty‐six percent of the sample reported that they had no vision and the remainder reported they had low vision. One hundred and seven people (81%) reported using a smartphone. Those with no vision were as likely to use a smartphone or tablet as those with low vision. Speech was found useful by 59% of smartphone users. Fifty‐one percent of smartphone owners used the camera and screen as a magnifier. Forty‐eight percent of the sample used a tablet computer, and 17% used an e‐book reader. The most frequently cited reason for not using these devices included cost and lack of interest.ConclusionsSmartphones, tablet computers, and e‐book readers can be used by people with vision impairment. Speech is used by people with low vision as well as those with no vision. Many of our (self‐selected) group used their smartphone camera and screen as a magnifier, and others used the camera flash as a spotlight.
Biosimilar granulocyte–colony‐stimulating factor for mobilization of autologous peripheral blood stem cells in pediatric hematology‐oncology patients
Authors: Cesaro Simone , Tridello Gloria , Prete Arcangelo , Dallorso Sandro , Cannata Elisa , Massaccesi Erika , Risso Marco , De Bortoli Massimiliano , Caselli Désirée 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundRecently biosimilars of granulocyte–colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) became available for prophylaxis and treatment of postchemotherapy neutropenia and for mobilization of peripheral blood CD34+ cells for either autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Most of the data on the mobilization efficacy and safety of biosimilar G‐CSF are from adult patients, whereas no data are available in pediatric patients.Study Design and MethodsThis was a retrospective study on cases treated at three Italian pediatric transplant centers, from January 2011 to October 2013. Data were collected on all children undergoing first peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilization after stimulation with biosimilar G‐CSF and chemotherapy. The results were compared with a historical control group.ResultsTwenty‐nine children underwent mobilization with biosimilar G‐CSF. Peak peripheral blood CD34+ cell count of 20 × 106/L was achieved in 90% of patients, with a median value of 71 × 106/L. Eighty‐three percent reached the desired target (CD34+/kg) dose. The median number of collected CD34+ cells was 10 × 106/kg (range, 4.8 × 106‐68.8 × 106/kg). No difference was observed in comparison with historical control group mobilized with originator filgrastim. Moreover, no major and/or unexpected side effects were reported.ConclusionBiosimilar G‐CSF resulted as effective and safe as originator filgrastim molecule in mobilizing PBSCs in children, with the advantage of a reduced cost.