bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An imprinted rheumatoid arthritis methylome signature reflects pathogenic phenotype
Authors: Whitaker John W , Shoemaker Robert , Boyle David L , Hillman Josh , Anderson David , Wang Wei , Firestein Gary S 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Background
A DNA methylation signature has been characterized that distinguishes rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast like synoviocytes (FLS) from osteoarthritis (OA) FLS. The presence of epigenetic changes in long-term cultured cells suggest that rheumatoid FLS imprinting might contribute to pathogenic behavior. To understand how differentially methylated genes (DMGs) might participate in the pathogenesis of RA, we evaluated the stability of the RA signature and whether DMGs are enriched in specific pathways and ontology categories.

Methods
To assess the RA methylation signatures the Illumina HumanMethylation450 chip was used to compare methylation levels in RA, OA, and normal (NL) FLS at passage 3, 5, and 7. Then methylation frequencies at CpGs within the signature were compared between passages. To assess the enrichment of DMGs in specific pathways, DMGs were identified as genes that possess significantly differential methylated loci within their promoter regions. These sets of DMGs were then compared to pathway and ontology databases to establish enrichment in specific categories.

Results
Initial studies compared passage 3, 5, and 7 FLS from RA, OA, and NL. The patterns of differential methylation of each individual FLS line were very similar regardless of passage number. Using the most robust analysis, 20 out of 272 KEGG pathways and 43 out of 34,400 GO pathways were significantly altered for RA compared with OA and NL FLS. Most interestingly, we found that the KEGG 'Rheumatoid Arthritis' pathway was consistently the most significantly enriched with differentially methylated loci. Additional pathways involved with innate immunity (Complement and Coagulation, Toll-like Receptors, NOD-like Receptors, and Cytosolic DNA-sensing), cell adhesion (Focal Adhesion, Cell Adhesion Molecule), and cytokines (Cytokine-cytokine Receptor). Taken together, KEGG and GO pathway analysis demonstrates non-random epigenetic imprinting of RA FLS.

Conclusions
The DNA methylation patterns include anomalies in key genes implicated in the pathogenesis of RA and are stable for multiple cell passages. Persistent epigenetic alterations could contribute to the aggressive phenotype of RA synoviocytes and identify potential therapeutic targets that could modulate the pathogenic behavior.
Analgesia after total knee replacement: local infiltration versus epidural combined with a femoral nerve blockade
Authors: YaDeau J. T. , Goytizolo E. A. , Padgett D. E. , Liu S. S. , Mayman D. J. , Ranawat A. S. , Rade M. C. , Westrich G. H. 
Published: April 2013

In a randomised controlled pragmatic trial we investigated whether local infiltration analgesia would result in earlier readiness for discharge from hospital after total knee replacement (TKR) than patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) plus femoral nerve block. A total of 45 patients with a mean age of 65 years (49 to 81) received a local infiltration with a peri-articular injection of bupivacaine, morphine and methylprednisolone, as well as adjuvant analgesics. In 45 PCEA+femoral nerve blockade patients with a mean age of 67 years (50 to 84), analgesia included a bupivacaine nerve block, bupivacaine/hydromorphone PCEA, and adjuvant analgesics. The mean time until ready for discharge was 3.2 days (1 to 14) in the local infiltration group and 3.2 days (1.8 to 7.0) in the PCEA+femoral nerve blockade group. The mean pain scores for patients receiving local infiltration were higher when walking (p = 0.0084), but there were no statistically significant differences at rest. The mean opioid consumption was higher in those receiving local infiltration. The choice between these two analgesic pathways should not be made on the basis of time to discharge after surgery. Most secondary outcomes were similar, but PCEA+femoral nerve blockade patients had lower pain scores when walking and during continuous passive movement. If PCEA+femoral nerve blockade is not readily available, local infiltration provides similar length of stay and similar pain scores at rest following TKR. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:629–35.
Validity of the Ages and Stages Questionnaires in Term and Preterm Infants
Authors: Schonhaut Luisa , Armijo Iván , Schönstedt Marianne , Alvarez Jorge , Cordero Miguel 
Published: April 2013

BACKGROUND:
This study assessed the concurrent validity of the parent-completed developmental screening measure Ages and Stages Questionnaires, Third Edition (ASQ-3) compared with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III) in children born term, late preterm, or extremely preterm at 8, 18, or 30 months of corrected gestational ages (CGA).

METHODS:
Data were collected from 306 term and preterm children ages 8, 18, and 30 months’ CGA recruited from an ambulatory well-child clinic in Santiago, Chile. Parents completed the ASQ-3 in their homes, and afterward a trained professional administered the Bayley-III in a clinic setting. On the ASQ-3, the presence of any domain screened &lt;2 SDs below the mean area score was considered a positive screen (indicating failure or delay). A Bayley-III score less than ≤1 SD indicated mild or severe delay.

RESULTS:
ASQ-3 showed adequate psychometric properties (75% sensitivity and 81% specificity) and modest agreement with the Bayley-III (r = 0.56). Sensitivity, specificity, and correlations between measures improved with testing age and in children who were born extremely preterm.

CONCLUSIONS:
Considering its psychometric properties, the ASQ-3 can be recommended for routine use in screening low-risk children at 8, 18, and 30 months’ CGA and is advisable to be included in follow-up programs for children with biological risk factors such as those born preterm.
Expanding the Story of Single Parents: Bringing the Vision to Completion through Writing and Editing
Authors: Schmitz Cathryne L. 
Published: April 2013

This issue of Families in Society marks the inauguration of “Writers at Work,” a section of the journal created to allow readers to “meet” authors and learn about the personal inspirations and influences that compel them to write for publication. In this issue, writer Cathryne Schmitt tells us about what it was like for her to bring into existence her forthcoming book Diversity in Single-Parent Families: Working from Strength. We hope hers will be the first of many such personal essays and invite you to share your literary experiences with our readers. — Howard Goldstein, Editor
Expanding catalytic applications of Pt-functionalized metal organic frameworks (Pt/ZIF-8): effects of calcination temperatures and metal loadings
Authors: He Zhong , Zhang Guangyu , Wu Zhiyi , Qian Zheng , Wang Xianqin 
Published: April 2013

ZIF-8 with and without Pt loadings (0·4 and 2·1 wt.%) were prepared at different calcination temperatures (300 and 400°C). The characterization from Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface measurement and powder X-ray diffraction reveals that calcination temperatures and Pt loadings have a significant effect on the porosity and crystallinity of ZIF-8-based materials. ZIF-8 calcined at 300°C (ZIF8-300) has a surface area of more than 800 m2/g with excellent crystallinity, while ZIF-8 calcined at 400°C (ZIF8-400) only has a surface area of less than 100 m2/g with nearly amorphous structure; Pt loading reduces the surface area by blocking the micropores and lowers the overall Bragg peak intensity by the inclusion of guest Pt(NH3)4(NO3)2 molecules and/or the formation of Pt nanoparticles in the framework. The surface area and crystallinity decrease with the increase in Pt loadings. 2·1 wt.% Pt/ZIF8-300 has a surface area of 355 m2/g and thermal stability up to 500°C; this catalyst shows potential activities for partial oxidation of methanol because Pt nanoparticles (10 nm) are highly and uniformly distributed in ZIF-8 framework.
Contacts and foot and mouth disease transmission from wild to domestic bovines in Africa
Authors: Miguel Eve , Grosbois Vladimir , Caron Alexandre , Boulinier Thierry , Fritz Hervé , Cornélis Daniel , Foggin Chris , Makaya Pious V. , Tshabalala Priscillia T. , de Garine-Wichatitsky Michel 
Published: April 2013

Wildlife is a maintenance host for several significant livestock diseases. Interspecific pathogen transmission may occur in complex socio‐ecological systems at wild‐domestic interfaces that have so far been seldom studied. We investigated the relationship between the dynamics of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in vaccinated and unvaccinated cattle populations with respect to frequency of contacts with African buffalo at different buffalo‐cattle interfaces.A total of 36 GPS collars were deployed on African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) and cattle (Bos taurus,Bos indicus) to assess contact patterns at the periphery of 3 protected areas in Zimbabwe. Simultaneously, a longitudinal survey of 300 cattle with five repeated sampling sessions on known individuals during 16 months was undertaken. Immunological assays (ELISAs), that allowed tracking the production of antibodies following infection or vaccination, were used to assess serological transitions (i.e., incidence and reversion) in the surveyed cattle. Variation in rates of serological transitions across seasons, sites and as a function of the frequency of contact with buffalo was analyzed using generalized linear mixed models.The incidence in the cattle populations of FMD antibodies produced following infection varied among sites and as a function of contact rates with African buffalo. The incidence was higher for sites with higher contact rates between the two species. The serological incidence was also related to seasons, being higher during the dry or rainy seasons depending on sites. The reversion rate pattern was the opposite of this incidence rate pattern. Vaccination seemed partly efficient at the individual level, but it did not prevent the diffusion of FMD viruses from the wild reservoir host to the domestic cattle population. Furthermore, antibodies were detected in areas where cattle had not been vaccinated, suggesting that the virus may have spread without being detected in domestic populations.Access to resources shared by buffalo and livestock, particularly water and grazing areas during the dry season, could partly explain the observed patterns of FMD transmission. We discuss how insights on ecological processes leading to wildlife‐livestock contacts may provide some innovative solutions to improve FMD management, including surveillance, prevention or control of buffalo‐borne outbreaks, by adopting strategies targeting risky areas and periods.
Glycemic Control Associated With Secure Patient-Provider Messaging Within a Shared Electronic Medical Record
Authors: Harris Lynne T. , Koepsell Thomas D. , Haneuse Sebastien J. , Martin Diane P. , Ralston James D. 
Published: April 2013

OBJECTIVE
To study differences in glycemic control and HbA1c testing associated with use of secure electronic patient-provider messaging. We hypothesized that messaging use would be associated with better glycemic control and a higher rate of adherence to HbA1c testing recommendations.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Retrospective observational study of secure messaging at Group Health, a large nonprofit health care system. Our analysis included adults with diabetes who had registered for access to a shared electronic medical record (SMR) between 2003 and 2006. We fit log-linear regression models, using generalized estimating equations, to estimate the adjusted rate ratio of meeting three indicators of glycemic control (HbA1c &lt;7%, HbA1c &lt;8%, and HbA1c &gt;9%) and HbA1c testing adherence by level of previous messaging use. Multiple imputation and inverse probability weights were used to account for missing data.

RESULTS
During the study period, 6,301 adults with diabetes registered for access to the SMR. Of these individuals, 74% used messaging at least once during that time. Frequent use of messaging during the previous calendar quarter was associated with a higher rate of good glycemic control (HbA1c &lt;7%: rate ratio, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.15–1.37]) and a higher rate testing adherence (1.20 [1.15–1.25]).

CONCLUSIONS
Among SMR users, recent and frequent messaging use was associated with better glycemic control and a higher rate of HbA1c testing adherence. These results suggest that secure messaging may facilitate important processes of care and help some patients to achieve or maintain adequate glycemic control.
Dichotomies for Lorentz spaces
Authors: Głąb Szymon , Strobin Filip , Yang Chan 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Assume that L
p,q, $L^{p_1 ,q_1 } ,...,L^{p_n ,q_n } $ are Lorentz spaces. This article studies the question: what is the size of the set $E = \{ (f_1 ,...,f_n ) \in L^{p_{1,} q_1 } \times \cdots \times L^{p_n ,q_n } :f_1 \cdots f_n \in L^{p,q} \} $.
We prove the following dichotomy: either $E = L^{p_1 ,q_1 } \times \cdots \times L^{p_n ,q_n } $ or E is σ-porous in $L^{p_1 ,q_1 } \times \cdots \times L^{p_n ,q_n } $, provided 1/p ≠ 1/p
1 + … + 1/p
n. In general case we obtain that either $E = L^{p_1 ,q_1 } \times \cdots \times L^{p_n ,q_n } $ or E is meager. This is a generalization of the results for classical L
p spaces.
De Brosses, Jakobson et l'ontogenèse phonologique
Authors: Nobile Luca 
Published: April 2013

The idea of a fixed order in the appearance of phonemes in child language is very ancient. We already find it in Plutarch. However, in the middle of the 18th century, Buffon still only knows three steps of this progression. Jakobson criticizes Buffon's method in the beginning of his famous essay on the topic. Buffon's classification is used by De Brosses in a lost essay of 1753 : Beauzée gives evidence of the contents of this essay in his article «Langue» of the Encyclopédie.
But in the Traité of 1765, the president, resorting to some new empirical observations, proposes a more articulated classification. This classification anticipates in some points the one proposed by Jakobson, both in its descriptive results and in the intuition of the structural rule. In 1802 Thiébault proposes a simplified version of this classification. Today De Brosses's «primitive linguistics» deserves to be analyzed again in the light of cognitive linguistics.
Role of IL-22– and TNF-α–Producing Th22 Cells in Uveitis Patients with Behçet’s Disease
Authors: Sugita Sunao , Kawazoe Yuko , Imai Ayano , Kawaguchi Tatsushi , Horie Shintaro , Keino Hiroshi , Takahashi Masayo , Mochizuki Manabu 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Behçet’s disease is a systemic inflammatory disorder with recurrent episodes of oral ulceration, skin lesions, genital ulceration, and intraocular inflammation (uveitis). The intraocular inflammation is strictly associated with Th effector cells. IL-22 is a member of the IL-10 cytokine family that is involved in inflammatory processes. Recently, Th22 cells were identified as a Th cell population that produces IL-22 and TNF-α and are distinct from Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells. In this study, we established Th22-type T cell clones from ocular samples taken from Behçet’s disease patients with active uveitis. These clones produced large amounts of IL-22 and TNF-α but not the Th1 cytokine IFN-γ and the Th17 cytokine IL-17. CD4+ T cells from the peripheral blood of Behçet’s disease patients differentiated into Th22 cells in the presence of IL-6 and TNF-α in vitro. The polarized Th22 cell lines produced large amounts of IL-22, and the polarized Th1 and Th17 cells also produced IL-22. In the presence of anti–TNF-α– and anti–IL-6–blocking Abs, Behçet’s disease Th22-type T cells failed to produce IL-22. In addition, infliximab-pretreated Th22 cells and Th22-type ocular T cells produced less IL-22 and TNF-α. Moreover, IL-22–producing T cells were isolated from mice with experimental autoimmune uveitis, an animal model of Behçet’s disease, and the intraocular T cells from uveitis models produced large amounts of IL-22 in the presence of retinal Ags. Our results suggest that inflammatory cytokines IL-22 and TNF-α may play a key role in the ocular immune response in Behçet’s disease.
Copresentation of Intact and Processed MHC Alloantigen by Recipient Dendritic Cells Enables Delivery of Linked Help to Alloreactive CD8 T Cells by Indirect-Pathway CD4 T Cells
Authors: Sivaganesh Siva , Harper Simon J. , Conlon Thomas M. , Callaghan Chris J. , Saeb-Parsy Kourosh , Negus Margaret C. , Motallebzadeh Reza , Bolton Eleanor M. , Bradley J. Andrew , Pettigrew Gavin J. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
In transplantation, direct-pathway CD8 T cells that recognize alloantigen on donor cells require CD4 help for activation and cytolytic function. The ability of indirect-pathway CD4 T cells to provide this help remains unexplained, because a fundamental requirement for epitope linkage is seemingly broken. The simultaneous presentation, by host dendritic cells (DCs), of both intact MHC class I alloantigen and processed alloantigen would deliver linked help, but has not been demonstrated definitively. In this study, we report that following in vitro coculture with BALB/c DCs, small numbers (∼1.5%) of C57BL/6 (B6) DCs presented acquired H-2d alloantigen both as processed allopeptide and as unprocessed Ag. This represented class I alloantigen provides a conformational epitope for direct-pathway allorecognition, because B6 DCs isolated from cocultures and transferred to naive B6 mice provoked cytotoxic CD8 T cell alloimmunity. Crucially, this response was dependent upon simultaneous presentation of class II–restricted allopeptide, because despite acquiring similar amounts of H-2d alloantigen upon coculture, MHC class II–deficient B6 DCs failed to elicit cytotoxic alloimmunity. The relevance of this pathway to solid-organ transplantation was then confirmed by the demonstration that CD8 T cell cytotoxicity was provoked in secondary recipients by transfer of DCs purified from wild-type, but not from MHC class II–deficient, C57BL/6 recipients of BALB/c heart transplants. These experiments demonstrate that representation of conformationally intact MHC alloantigen by recipient APC can induce cytotoxic alloimmunity, but simultaneous copresentation of processed allopeptide is essential, presumably because this facilitates linked recognition by indirect-pathway CD4 Th cells.
A Comparison of the Performance of Limiters for Runge-Kutta Discontinuous Galerkin Methods
Authors: Zhu Hongqiang , Cheng Yue , Qiu Jianxian 
Published: April 2013

AbstractDiscontinuities usually appear in solutions of nonlinear conservation laws even though the initial condition is smooth, which leads to great difficulty in computing these solutions numerically. The Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin (RKDG) methods are efficient methods for solving nonlinear conservation laws, which are high-order accurate and highly parallelizable, and can be easily used to handle complicated geometries and boundary conditions. An important component of RKDG methods for solving nonlinear conservation laws with strong discontinuities in the solution is a nonlinear limiter, which is applied to detect discontinuities and control spurious oscillations near such discontinuities. Many such limiters have been used in the literature on RKDG methods. A limiter contains two parts, first to identify the “troubled cells”, namely, those cells which might need the limiting procedure, then to replace the solution polynomials in those troubled cells by reconstructed polynomials which maintain the original cell averages (conservation). [SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 26 (2005), pp. 995–1013.] focused on discussing the first part of limiters. In this paper, focused on the second part, we will systematically investigate and compare a few different reconstruction strategies with an objective of obtaining the most efficient and reliable reconstruction strategy. This work can help with the choosing of right limiters so one can resolve sharper discontinuities, get better numerical solutions and save the computational cost.
Alexander in the City of the Excellent: A Persian Tradition of Utopia
Authors: Masroori Cyrus 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT
Persian, one of the most potent languages when it comes to imagery and fiction, offers a utopian tradition in which Alexander of Macedonia is presented as the hero of the story. Identifying Alexander with a Quranic figure and associating him with an Islamic sage, this tradition circumvented the negative conception associated with Alexander as a destroyer of the Persian Empire. This article reviews various accounts of Alexander's discovery of a utopia, describes his redemption from being a usurper, and lodges these accounts within the broader discourse of their time.
Hemangioendothelioma with a Prominent Lymphoid Infiltrate Mimicking Follicular Dendritic Cell Tumor: Report of a Case
Authors: Justin Kerstetter  , Mia Perez  , Craig Zuppan  , Paul Herrmann  , John R. Goldblum  , Jun Wang  
Published: April 2013

Hemangioendothelioma is a vascular tumor with several different morphologic patterns that can include a component of ovoid or spindled cells, but generally lacks an inflammatory component. The combined morphologic and immunohistochemical features are generally sufficient to accurately diagnose this tumor and its many variants. We present a challenging lymphocyte-rich soft tissue lesion that was not recognized to be an unusual hemangioendothelioma until after several recurrences in the arm of a 63 year-old male, which was originally diagnosed as a follicular dendritic cell tumor instead. Local recurrence developed 3 and 11 years later with resections. The most recent tumor consisted predominantly of epithelioid spindled cells with moderate amounts of bubbly pale to eosinophilic cytoplasm with rare discrete cytoplasmic vacuoles, admixed with a prominent lymphoid infiltrate and occasional erythrocytes. The tumor cells were positive for keratin and vascular markers (CD31, CD34, and Factor VIII), but negative for follicular dendritic cell markers (CD21, CD23, CD35). Slides from the two previous excisions were re-analyzed, and showed the same morphologic and immunohistochemical features as the latest recurrence. The diagnosis was revised to recurrent lymphocyte-rich hemangioendothelioma. The patient is free of tumor at 7 years follow-up. This represents an unusual and potentially confusing pattern of hemangioendothelioma that is not previously well described in the literature. Vascular tumors should be included in the differential diagnosis of suspected dendritic cell tumors, even if a lymphocyte-rich infiltrate is present. Vascular as well as dendritic cell markers should be included in the immunohistochemical panel employed in their evaluation. Keyword: Hemangioendothelioma, lymphocyte rich, follicular dendritic cell, tumor.