bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Structure, Extinction and Broadening in Oxygen-Enhanced Non-Premixed Flames
Authors: Stelzner Björn , Hunger Franziska , Voss Stefan , Hasse Christian , Trimis Dimosthenis 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In the present numerical study laminar oxygen-enhanced and oxy-fuel
CH4/N2–O2/N2 non-premixed flames
were systematically investigated in counter-flow configuration. The
compositions of the fuel and the oxidizer stream were chosen in a way,
which allows a study of the flame structure at different flame
temperatures in a range of approximately 1800–3000 K at
constant stoichiometric mixture fraction of Z
st = 0.2. The
calculations were performed with the GRI 3.0 as a base kinetic
mechanism, while selected cases were also investigated with the Appel
et al. mechanism and the GDFkin® 3.0. The
flame structure, extinction and flame broadening effects were
investigated for various strain rates by analysing the heat release
rate and temperature profiles.
Four different heat release rate zones were identified, namely the
radical chain branching, the main water and carbon dioxide formation,
the fuel oxidation and the fuel pyrolysis zone. While those zones
overlap in case of air-combustion, a separation accompanied by a flame
broadening is found in oxygen-enhanced flames as a result of the
higher flame temperatures. The four heat release zones get affected
dissimilarly by increased oxygen content and flame temperature, while
the flame broadening is dominated by the shift of the radical
branching zone towards the oxidizer side. A comparison between air
combustion and pure oxygen combustion shows that the flame is
broadened by a factor of approximately 10 as long as the flame
conditions are not close to the extinction limits. With increasing
strain rate flame extinction starts from the oxidizer side. An
increased radical pool and temperature level in the chain branching
zone extents the extinction limits towards higher strain rates in
oxygen-enhanced flames. On the fuel side, the increased oxygen-content
with the associated higher temperature level leads to a strong
endothermic zone and an intense activation of the C2-pathway.
The NuA4 Complex Promotes Translesion Synthesis (TLS)-Mediated DNA Damage Tolerance
Authors: Renaud-Young Margaret , Lloyd David C , Chatfield-Reed Kate , George Iain , Chua Gordon , Cobb Jennifer 
Published: February 2015

AbstractLesions in DNA can block replication fork progression, leading to its collapse and gross chromosomal rearrangements. To circumvent such outcomes, the DNA damage tolerance (DDT) pathway becomes engaged, allowing the replisome to bypass a lesion and complete S phase. Chromatin remodeling complexes have been implicated in the DDT pathways, and here we identify the NuA4 remodeler, which is a histone acetyltransferase, to function on the translesion synthesis (TLS) branch of DDT. Genetic analyses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed synergistic sensitivity to MMS when NuA4 alleles, esa1-L254P and yng2Δ, were combined with the error-free bypass mutant ubc13Δ. The loss of viability was less pronounced when NuA4 complex mutants were disrupted in combination with error-prone/TLS factors, such as rev3Δ, suggesting an epistatic relationship between NuA4 and error-prone bypass. Consistent with cellular viability measurements, replication profiles after exposure to MMS indicated that small regions of unreplicated DNA or damage were present to a greater extent in esa1-L254P/ubc13Δ mutants, which persist beyond the completion of bulk replication compared to esa1-L254P/rev3Δ. The critical role of NuA4 in error-prone bypass is functional even after the bulk of replication is complete. Underscoring this observation, when Yng2 expression is restricted specifically to G2/M of the cell cycle, viability and TLS-dependent mutagenesis rates were restored. Lastly, disruption of HTZ1, which is a target of NuA4, also resulted in mutagenic rates of reversion on level with esa1-L254P and yng2Δ mutants, indicating that the histone variant H2A.Z functions in vivo on the TLS branch of DDT.
Tetrasomic Recombination Is Surprisingly Frequent in AllotetraploidArachis
Authors: Leal-Bertioli Soraya , Shirasawa Kenta , Abernathy Brian , Moretzsohn Marcio , Chavarro Carolina , Clevenger Josh , Ozias-Akins Peggy , Jackson Scott , Bertioli David 
Published: February 2015

AbstractArachis hypogaea L. (cultivated peanut) is an allotetraploid (2n = 4x = 40) with an AABB genome type. Based on cytogenetic studies it has been assumed that peanut and wild-derived induced AABB allotetraploids have classic allotetraploid genetic behavior with diploid-like disomic recombination only between homologous chromosomes, at the exclusion of recombination between homeologous chromosomes. Using this assumption, numerous linkage map and quantitative trait loci studies have been carried out. Here, with a systematic analysis of genotyping and gene expression data, we show that this assumption is not entirely valid. In fact, autotetraploid-like tetrasomic recombination is surprisingly frequent in recombinant inbred lines generated from a cross of cultivated peanut and an induced allotetraploid derived from peanut’s most probable ancestral species. We suggest that a better, more predictive genetic model for peanut is that of a “segmental allotetraploid” with partly disomic, partly tetrasomic genetic behavior. This intermediate genetic behavior has probably had a previously overseen, but significant, impact on the genome and genetics of cultivated peanut.
Chromatin Remodeling Factors Isw2 and Ino80 Regulate Checkpoint Activity and Chromatin Structure in S Phase
Authors: Lee Laura , Rodriguez Jairo , Tsukiyama Toshio 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
When cells undergo replication stress, proper checkpoint activation and deactivation are critical for genomic stability and cell survival and therefore must be highly regulated. Although mechanisms of checkpoint activation are well studied, mechanisms of checkpoint deactivation are far less understood. Previously, we reported that chromatin remodeling factors Isw2 and Ino80 attenuate the S-phase checkpoint activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, especially during recovery from hydroxyurea. In this study, we found that Isw2 and Ino80 have a more pronounced role in attenuating checkpoint activity during late S phase in the presence of methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). We therefore screened for checkpoint factors required for Isw2 and Ino80 checkpoint attenuation in the presence of MMS. Here we demonstrate that Isw2 and Ino80 antagonize checkpoint activators and attenuate checkpoint activity in S phase in MMS either through a currently unknown pathway or through RPA. Unexpectedly, we found that Isw2 and Ino80 increase chromatin accessibility around replicating regions in the presence of MMS through a novel mechanism. Furthermore, through growth assays, we provide additional evidence that Isw2 and Ino80 partially counteract checkpoint activators specifically in the presence of MMS. Based on these results, we propose that Isw2 and Ino80 attenuate S-phase checkpoint activity through a novel mechanism.
Innovating in Health Care Management Education: Development of an Accelerated MBA and MPH Degree Program at Yale
Authors: Pettigrew Melinda M. , Forman Howard P. , Pistell Anne F. , Nembhard Ingrid M. 
Published: February 2015

Increasingly, there is recognition of the need for individuals with expertise in both management and public health to help health care organizations deliver high-quality and cost-effective care. The Yale School of Public Health and Yale School of Management began offering an accelerated Master of Business Administration (MBA) and Master of Public Health (MPH) joint degree program in the summer of 2014. This new program enables students to earn MBA and MPH degrees simultaneously from 2 fully accredited schools in 22 months. Students will graduate with the knowledge and skills needed to become innovative leaders of health care organizations. We discuss the rationale for the program, the developmental process, the curriculum, benefits of the program, and potential challenges.
A Renewed Vision for Higher Education in Public Health
Authors: Frenk Julio , Hunter David J. , Lapp Ian 
Published: February 2015

We are transforming the educational strategy at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health guided by 5 principles: (1) development of T-shaped competencies (breadth across fields, depth in primary fields), (2) flexible and modular design accommodating different needs through the lifecycle, (3) greater experiential learning, (4) 3 levels of education (informative, formative, and transformative learning), and (5) integrated instructional design (online, in person, and in the field). We aim to create an arc of education resulting in continuous learning. We seek to bridge the research versus education dichotomy and create research–teaching congruence, adapting the values of peer review and quality assessment that we routinely accept for grant and article review to education.
Numerical Prediction of Hydrodynamic Conditions in one Strand Tundish. Influence of Thermal Conditions and Casting Speed/ Numeryczna Prognoza Warunków Hydrodynamicznych W Jednozyłowej Kadzi Posredniej. Wpływ Warunków Cieplnych I Predkosci Odlewania
Authors: Cwudzinski A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
This paper reports the results of computer simulations of the flow of liquid steel in a single-nozzle tundish, which describe the flow hydrodynamics, depending on the thermal conditions and casting speed. In this paper, five casting speeds, namely 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2 and 1.5 m/min., have been examined. In view of the fact that tundishes are being equipped with various flow control devices and the process of creating specific hydrodynamic conditions is influenced also by the temperature gradient, computer simulations of liquid steel flow under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions were performed. Computer simulations of liquid steel flow were performed using the commercial program Ansys-Fluent ®. In order to explain the phenomena occurring in the tundish working space, the buoyancy number (Bu) has been calculated. The next research step in the analysis of the flow pattern forming in different casting conditions was to record the E and F-type RTD characteristics and to describe the pattern of flow.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dual-Phase Steel/ Mikrostruktura I Własności Mechaniczne Stali Dwufazowej
Authors: Miernik K. , Pytel S. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The paper presents results of microstructure and mechanical properties of the dual phase (DP) steel plate with 12 mm thickness produced by intercritical annealing at a two-phase region of ferrite and austenite (α + γ) and direct quenching in water. In addition the tempering treatment at temperature of 650°C was applied to investigate effect of martensite softening on mechanical properties of the tested steel. The parameters of heat treatment were designed to achieve the high strength while retaining optimum impact strength of the DP steel.
Tribological Properties of Steel/Tib2 Composites Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering/ Własności Tribologiczne Kompozytów Stal/Tib2 Otrzymywanych Metodą Sps
Authors: Sulima I. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
mechanical and tribological properties of sintered 316L stainless steel composites with TiB2 submicroparticles were investigated. The composites were manufactured by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). The wear behaviour was studied by using a ball-on-disc wear tester at room temperature. The worn surface were analysed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that the friction coefficient and the wear resistance of composites with the same content of TiB2 particles depend on the sintering conditions.
Effect of Heat Treatment Conditions on the Morphology of α Phase and Mechanical Properties In Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al Titanium Alloy/ Wpływ Warunków Obróbki Cieplnej Na Morfologie Fazy α I Własności Mechaniczne W Stopie Tytanu Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al
Authors: Bogucki R. , Mosór K. , Nykiel M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The influence of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties was studied in the Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al titanium alloy for two heat treatment schemes (α + β) and β + (β + α), which resulted in different morphologies of the α phase. Scheme I resulted in the α-phase of globular morphology, whose volume fraction did not change much during annealing. Scheme II led to obtaining a needle-like α-phase, whose amount increased together with heating time. The phenomenon of stress-induced martensitic transformation was observed in the material with needle-like morphology annealed for 15 and 30 min. Longer times of annealing effected in the decay of that transformation, provided the volume fraction of α-phase exceeded 50%.
Fabrication and Cold Drawing of Copper Covetic Nanostructured Carbon Composites/ Otrzymywanie Oraz Ciągnienia Kompozytów Miedzianych Typu Covetic O Strukturze Nanometrycznej
Authors: Knych T. , Kiesiewicz G. , Kwasniewski P. , Mamala A. , Smyrak B. , Kawecki A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
This paper presents the research results of copper Covetic metallurgical synthesis along with the characterization of cast material and the processing of casts into wires. The Cu-C composite production method was based on patent applications of Third Millennium Metals. Obtained materials were tested for their chemical composition (including Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) analysis for carbon presence), mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. Measurements were also performed for wires which were first cut from obtained casts and next cold drawn into final wire form. Produced wires were tested for their mechanical and electrical properties. Electrical conductivity of wires was measured with the use of high precision Thompson’s- Kelvin’s bridge type device. A key objective of the research was to determine if Covetic copper has higher electrical conductivity than pure oxygen free copper.
Processing, Microstructure and Properties of Different Method Obtained Cu-Al2O3 Composites/ Wytwarzanie, Mikrostruktura I Właściwości Kompozytów Cu-Al2O3 Otrzymywanych Róznymi Technikami
Authors: Strojny-Nedza A. , Pietrzak K. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Alumina/copper composites are used where high thermal conductivity, high absorption and dissipation of heat, high resistance to thermal fatigue and good frictional wear resistance are required. The properties of these composites depend on a number of factors including the content, shape and distribution of the ceramic phase, the method of their obtaining, as well as the conditions under which they are obtained. All these variables have influence on mentioned properties and, in consequence, on the future applications of the final material. The aim of this paper was to develop Cu-Al2O3 composites, processed using two techniques, namely sintering (of Cu /Al2O3 high-energy mixed powders) and tape casting (of slurry of the following composition: 1, 3 and 5 vol.% of Al2O3 phase; the remaining part: Cu). The compositions were determined taking into consideration the planned applications. The paper presents newly developed technologies, the results of both microstructure investigations as well as of the measurements of selected physical and mechanical properties (microhardness, wear resistance, thermal conductivity etc.) and contains the analysis of the influence of selected techniques and processing conditions on the properties and the interface morphology between ceramic and copper
Detonation-Sprayed Wc-12%Co and Wc-17%Co Diamond-Impregnated Segments/ Natryskiwanie Detonacyjne Powłok Wc-12%Co I Wc-17%Co Na Spieki Metaliczno-Diamentowe
Authors: Borowiecka-Jamrozek J. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
This paper presents results of investigations of WC-12%Co and WC-17%Co coatings detonation sprayed on a sintered cobalt substrate.
The main objective of the present work was to establish a new production route of sandwich type diamond-impregnated segments for circular sawing of stone and other construction materials.
Unalloyed cobalt was chosen as the substrate material. Prior to coating the specimens were made by means of hot pressing of Extrafine cobalt powder in a graphite mould.
The segments were then coated with WC-Co. The effects of the coating process on the thickness, microhardness, microstructure and wear resistance of the deposits were investigated.
The properties of the coatings were established by performing the following tests: a microstructure analysis, a point analysis of chemical composition and a linear analysis, a phase composition, a microhardness tests and abrasion resistance.
New Features of Entall Database: Comparison of Experimental and Model Formation Enthalpies/ Nowe Funkcje Bazy Danych Entall: Porównanie Doświadczalnych I Modelowych Entalpii Tworzenia
Authors: Debski A. , Debski R. , Gasior W. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
This paper presents a new version of the Entall database of the thermodynamic properties of metals and their alloys. The changes are related to the thermodynamic data of new binary and ternary systems as well as the integration of the database with an application for the modeling of the formation enthalpies of intermetallic phases with the use of the Miedema model. Using this tool, calculations of the enthalpies of formation of 38 intermetallic phases from 12 binary systems were performed and a comparative analysis conducted. The results of the analysis clearly showed a weak correlation between the model and experimental data. To improve this correlation, an intermediate method of proportional change was proposed, on the basis of the measurement of the enthalpy of formation for one of the phases. The values for the other phases obtained from this indirect method should not deviate much from the experimental ones provided that before the measurements (dissolving or pulping) or after them (direct synthesis), the phase being examined should undergo structural tests, in order to confirm its dominating amount in the samples.
Mechanical Properties of Vm12 Steel after 30 000 Hrs of Ageing at 600°C Temperature/ Właściwości Mechaniczne Stali Vm12 Po 30 000 Godzin Starzenia W Temperaturze 600°C
Authors: Golanski G. , Zielinski A. , Słania J. , Jasak J. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The paper describes the influence of different times of ageing on mechanical properties and microstructure stability in hardened and tempered VM12 steel exposed to service temperature - 600°C. Detailed microstructural and microchemical analysis of secondary phases was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM + EDX) and X-ray phase analysis of carbide isolates. Performed research has proved high stability of strength properties of the investigated steel, which is connected with the lath stability of the microstructure of tempered martensite. Slight changes in strength properties were accompanied by over 50% reduction in impact strength KV of the examined cast steel, from the level of 83 J in the as-received condition to 38 J after 30 000 hrs of ageing at the temperature of 600°C. Significant decrease in impact energy KV of VM12 steel results from the growth of the amount and size of precipitations on grain boundaries.
Kinetics of the Fluidised Oxidation of Zinc Sulphide Concentrates with an Addition of Inert Materials/ Kinetyka Fluidalnego Utleniania Siarczkowych Koncentratów Cynku Z Dodatkiem Materiałów Obojętnych
Authors: Jarosz P. , Małecki S. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
This paper presents the results of the kinetic studies of the zinc sulfide concentrate oxidation with the addition of inert, ZnO-containing materials. It was observed that about 15% of zinc oxide addition, obtained from steelmaking dust, improves the rate and maximum degree of oxidation of the concentrate. Kinetic equations of the process were determined, and the activation energy for various additions of inert material was calculated
Fabrication and Microstructure of Diffusion Alloyed Layers on Pure Magnesium Substrate/ Wytwarzanie I Struktura Dyfuzyjnych Stopowych Warstw Na Magnezie
Authors: Mola R. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Alloyed layers on pure magnesium were created by means of the heating of the magnesium sample covered with Al+Zn powders mixture containing 20 wt.% Zn and 40 wt.% Zn in vacuum furnace. The microstructure and related composition of the alloyed layers were investigated using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray system (EDS). The results revealed that the microstructure, thickness and microhardness of the obtained layers depended on the Zn content in the powder mixture. The alloyed layers were composed of the Mg-Al-Zn intermetallic phases and Mg-based solid solution containing Al and Zn. The multi-phase layer was diffusion bonded with magnesium substrate. The thickness of the layer fabricated by the heat treatment in contact with a powder mixture containing 40 wt.% Zn was twice as high as compared to that obtained with the powder mixture containing 20 wt.% Zn. The hardness value of the alloyed layers was much higher than that of the magnesium substrate.
Welding Effects on the Mechanical Integrity of a Trip800 Steel: a Comparison of Laser Co2 and Gmaw Processes/ Wpływ Spawania Na Integralność Mechaniczna Stali Trip800: Porównanie Spawania Laserowego Ze Spawaniem Elektrodą Topliwą
Authors: Perez-Medina G.Y. , Lopez H.F. , Reyes-Valdés F.A. , Garza-Gomez A. , López-Ochoa Luis M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In this work a strip of a transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steel was welded using gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and Laser CO2 welding (LBW) processes and the resultant strength and ductility of the welded joints evaluated. It was found that LBW lead to relatively high hardness in the fusion zone, FZ where the resultant microstructure was predominantly martensite. The relative volume fractions of phases developed in the welded regions were quantitatively measured using color metallography combined with X-ray diffraction analyses. It was found that the heat affected zone, HAZ developed the maximum amount of martensite (up to 32%) in the steel welded using LBW besides a mixture of bainite, retained austenite and ferrite phases. In contrast, a relatively low percent of martensite (10.8%) was found in the HAZ when the GMAW process was implemented.
The Change of Liquid Steel Flow Control System in the Tundish – Modelling Research/ Zmiana Systemu Kontroli Przepływu Ciekłej Stali W Kadzi Pośredniej – Badania Modelowe
Authors: Pieprzyca J. , Merder T. , Saternus M. , Kania H. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The article presents the results of research concerning the change of liquid steel flow and mixing in the T-type tundish. It has been installed in one of polish steel plants. Continuously changing market conditions have forced the change in the range of cast strand. As a consequence the new control system of liquid steel flow had to be applied. Up to now a baffle with notch has played the role of steel flow regulation. It was placed between the inlet and channel zones of a tundish. However such solution was not satisfactory. Therefore, a new flow control equipment was designed - baffles and different constructional variants of turbulence inhibitors. To estimate the efficiency of their functioning and in the same time their influence on the tundish work, modelling research was carried out. The research was also complemented by numerical simulations. The article presents results of such research as well as experimentally and numerically determined RTD curves of mixing (Residence Time Distribution).