bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Under-attribution in self-agency on pre-reflexive task connected to positive schizotypal traits among healthy students
Authors: Szendi I. , Domján N. , Pásztor H. , Jenei T. , Bóna O. , Kovács C. , Pejin A. , Pajkossy P. , Szőllősi Á. , Racsmány M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to identify low-risk traits of schizophrenia among healthy undergraduate student volunteers, and the investigation of these traits with regards to their specificity in contrast to individuals with a latent disposition towards bipolar disorder. Self-agency, as a phenomenon closely related to psychomotor functioning, provides a unique opportunity for the investigation of subjective self-perception.ObjectivesThe implicit self-agency performances that are considered illness- (or risk state-) specific were compared between groups to find early markers of a specific schizotypic developmental path.Methods
In a sample of 710 healthy university students, with the help of screening questionnaires, we were able to successfully form two risk groups, in one of them the emphasis on cyclothymia (CTF: Cyclothymia factor group, N=25), and in the other (PSF: Positive schizotypy factor group, N=26) the tendency to unusual experiences and paranoid thinking emphasis was typical. We assigned a properly matched control group (N=29) displaying both features on average. We focused on the implicit aspect of self-agency, using the well-known paradigm of intentional binding, as well as the self-developed device that exclusively tests the pre-reflexive feeling of movement initiation, the sense of self-agency.ResultsDuring the examination of intentional binding, although the specific predictive and retrospective component indicators did not show any significant difference for either group, the association of the sound alone could induce a binding effect in the control group. In the predictable frequency condition, there was a strong significant effect (W = 65.00, p = .007, rrb = -.60), and in the non-predictable condition a trend-level effect. Remarkably, this binding effect did not develop in either the CTF or PSF groups, indicating an implicit agency impairment in both risk groups. However, during the examination of sense of self-agency, we observed a disturbance specifically among healthy college students with positive schizotypal traits, in the form of falsely attributing their movement initiation to external influences. The percentage of this ‘miss’-type answering differed between groups, H(2) = 7.68, p = .021, ε2 = .10. The Dwass-SteelCritchlow-Fligner pairwise comparisons showed that this difference was due to the PSF Group showing a significant difference from the Control Group (W = -3.83, p = .019), but not from the CTF group, and the CTF Group also did not differ from the Control Group.ConclusionsThus, in premorbid conditions, in at-risk groups of non-help-seeking individuals, or in cases of early detection of prodromal abnormalities, objective confirmation of suspected susceptibility to schizophrenia may be aided by, among other things, instrumental assessment of self-agency.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Vitamin D, vitamin B12, folate, homocysteine, and major haemato-chemical parameters in patients with mood disorders
Authors: Marazziti D. , Gurrieri R. , Mucci F. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe potential involvement of the immune and inflammatory systems has been extensively studied in mood disorders (MDs). Despite these findings and despite the fact that the pathogenetic role of altered immunologic and metabolic profiles in MDs is being confirmed in many current studies, there is still a lack of consensus about it, due to controversial results.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to appraise peripheral metabolic parameters (blood glucose, lipoproteins, triglycerides, uric acid, blood urea nitroge [BUN], transaminases and others9 and plasma/serum levels of essential nutrients (vitamin D, B12, folate and homocysteine) in a group of inpatients affected by MDs, as compared with healthy controls.MethodsMethods. Ten ml of venous blood was drawn from fasting subjects. The metabolic parameters and vitamins were measured according to common clinical-chemistry methods.Comparisons for continuous variables were performed by the Student’s t-test for variables that follow a normal distribution, and by the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for variables not normally distributed. The correlations between biological markers were explored by calculating the Pearson’s correlation coefficient or Spearman rank correlation.Results
Most patients showed loer circulating vitamin D levels, in respect to both control subjects (P< .0001) and the normative cut-off values. This finding was paralleled by increased serum homocysteine concentrations i (P<.0001), indicating an imbalance in their methionine metabolism. Homocysteine levels were negatively correlated with vitamin D, vitamin B12 and folate in control subjects, but not in patients. In addition, patients displayed higher blood glucose and lower BUN than controls, indicating an impaired protein-to-carbohydrate metabolism and/or altered nutritional/dietary status.ConclusionsWe provide herein further support to the notion that MD patients are a population where vitamin deficits, dysmetabolism and/or dietary defects are common feature, and, s such, they might be more vulnerable to a variety of somatic illnesses than the general population. This cross-sectional investigation, albeit preliminary, might contribute to improve the characterization and the monitoring of the clinical status of mood disorder patients, as well as to identify new molecular targets for more tailored treatments ad of more pointed health-care intervention,Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Teacher well-being: Perceived stress, psychosocial risks, and burnout in Morocco
Authors: Guider H. , Hadrya F. , Lafraxo M. A. , Boumaaize Z. , El Madhi Y. , Soulaymani A. , Mokhtari A. , Hami H. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionTeachers encounter various challenges that can significantly affect their professional well-being. This issue stands as of paramount importance, for it not only wields influence over job satisfaction but also carries weighty implications for the quality of education provided.ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the factors that affect teachers’ well-being, specifically examining the relationship between perceived stress, psychosocial risks, and burnout among public high school teachers in Tetouan, Morocco.MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted among 258 teachers, resulting in a response rate of 57%. Three distinct instruments were used to collect data: The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) to evaluate perceived stress levels, the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) to assess psychosocial risks at work, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) for burnout measurement. We examined the bivariate correlations among these three concepts.ResultsThe results demonstrate significant associations among the studied factors. Perceived stress has a positive correlation with emotional exhaustion (r=0.51; p<0.01) and depersonalization (r=0.56; p<0.01), and a negative correlation with personal accomplishment (r=-0.31; p<0.01). Additionally, emotional exhaustion has a positive correlation with psychological demand (r=0.38; p<0.01). Depersonalization shows a positive correlation with psychological demand (r=0.18; p<0.05), but a negative correlation with decision latitude (r=-0.30; p<0.01) and social assistance (r=-0.24; p<0.01). Conversely, personal accomplishment presents a positive correlation with decision latitude (r=0.58; p<0.01) and social assistance (r=0.50; p<0.01).ConclusionsThis study underscores the importance of decision latitude and social assistance in promoting personal accomplishment and mitigating burnout among teachers. Nonetheless, further research is required to substantiate these results and determine the fundamental cause and effect relationships.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The short- and long-term effects of yoga on relaxation states measured by the Smith Relaxation States Inventory 3
Authors: Renkó T. A. , Schmelowszky Á. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe beneficial effects of yoga have been researched for decades, and in some countries it is also used in health care to maintain physical and mental health. Its effectiveness in the treatment of stress and anxiety, as well as in achieving a relaxed state, is supported by numerous studies.Objectives
In the present research, our aim was to investigate the direct and subclinical effects of yoga, where the subjects did at least 10 minutes of yoga a day for two weeks. Our hypotheses are that the participants experience relaxation, mindfulness and positive emotions significantly (1) more often and (2) more intensely as a result of yoga.MethodsWe included 25 average population, healthy people between the ages of 18 and 30, who exercised at least 10 minutes of yoga a day for two weeks with the help of a mobile app. We used the Smith Relaxation States Inventory (SRSI3) and its disposition-measuring version (SRSI3d), which examine 19 relaxation states (R-states) presumably related to relaxation, divided into 4 categories: basic relaxation, mindfulness, positive energy and transcendence. During the statistical analyses, the values taken at the beginning of the research, before practice, were compared with the values taken directly after the last practice using the Wilcoxon test. Bonferroni correction was used to correct the first-order error that increases when testing several hypotheses simultaneously.ResultsImmediately after practicing yoga, the participants had significantly higher basic relaxation (M0=2.74, M1=4.24, p<0.0001), awareness (M0=2.71, M1=2.89, p<0.0001) and positive energy (M0=3.88, M1= 4.81, p<0.0001) and in the long term they experienced significantly more relaxation (M0=3.12, M1=3.94, p<0.0001), awareness (M0=3.41, M1=4.40, p<.0001), positive energy (M0= 4.39, M1=5.14, p<0.001) and transcendence (M0=3.23, M1=4.05, p=0.001).Conclusions
Based on our results, yoga can be an effective additional tool in maintaining and improving health, but also in improving the condition and quality of life of mental and somatic patients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Exploring predictors of Treatment Attendance in Patients with PTSD and Comorbid Personality Disorders: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: van den End A. , Snoek A. , Aarts I. , Lommerse N. , Dekker J. , Beekman A. T. F. , Thomaes K. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and personality disorders (PD) often co-occur and treatment dropout remains a challenging problem for both disorders. The literature on predictors of treatment dropout is highly mixed and few reliable predictors have been identified for both PTSD and PD treatments separately, let alone for concurrent PTSD and PD treatment.ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to identify predictors of treatment attendance among a wide range of variables in patients with PTSD and comorbid PD who received trauma-focused treatment with and without concurrent PD treatment.MethodsData were used from the prediction and outcome study in comorbid PTSD and personality disorders (PROSPER), a study consisting of two randomized clinical trials (RCT) testing the effectiveness of trauma-focused treatment (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing or imagery rescripting) with versus without concurrent PD treatment (dialectical behavior therapy or group schema therapy). 256 patients with PTSD and comorbid personality disorder participated in the study. The potential predictors included demographic (e.g. work status), patient severity (e.g. PTSD severity), patient-therapist (e.g. working alliance) and therapist (e.g. therapist experience) variables. The ordinal outcome variable was treatment attendance (0, 1-7, 8-11, 12+ trauma-focused treatment sessions). Relevant predictors were identified by a series of ordinal regression analyses (threshold for inclusion p < .10). Relevant predictors were then entered together in a final ordinal regression model. Multiple imputation was used to handle missing data.ResultsThe final model included ten predictor variables and provided a good fit for the data (pooled R2Nagelkerke = .29). Higher education level (OR = 1.22, p = .009), self-rated PTSD severity (OR = 1.04, p = .036) and working alliance (OR = 1.72, p = .047) were associated with a larger number of attended sessions. Higher levels of inadequate social support from a friend (OR = 0.90, p = .042) and being randomized in the concurrent treatment condition (OR = 0.52, p = .022) were associated with a smaller number of attended sessions.ConclusionsIn terms of treatment attendance rates, the results suggest that trauma-focused treatment is preferred over concurrent trauma-focused and personality disorder treatment for patients presenting with PTSD and PD. Clinicians should further be aware of the risk of lower treatment attendance for patients with a lower educational background and those reporting inadequate social support. Enhancing working alliance may protect against early treatment termination. Finally, patients with higher levels of PTSD severity at baseline may need a larger number of treatment sessions.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Urinary retention induced by psychotropics: A case report
Authors: Smaoui E. , Mnif D. , Reguaieg N. , Guermazi F. , Sakka S. , Baati I. , Masmoudi J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionNeurological bladder is considered a functional disability that has a significant impact on the quality of life and psychological state of patients. Psychotropic drugs, in turn, can worsen the urinary dysfunction caused by this disease.ObjectivesOur objective is to illustrate, through the case of a patient suffering from a neurological bladder decompensated by the treatment of a characterized depressive episode, the link between these two pathologies.MethodsWe report the case of Ms. M.W., aged 51, with a history of high blood pressure stabilized under nebivolol and a neurological bladder diagnosed 10 years ago with episodic pollakiuria, admitted to the psychiatric department for repeated suicide attempts. She had never used psychoactive substances and had no family psychiatric history. The patient presented depressive symptoms evolving for 5 months. The diagnosis of a characterized depressive episode with melancholic features was made and the patient was treated with sertraline. From the first intake of the drug, the patient presented acute urinary retention (UR) requiring the placement of a permanent bladder catheter. The urinary symptoms improved upon stopping the treatment. Sertraline was changed to olanzapine and escitalopram. The patient stopped the treatment after one month because of the worsening of urinary symptoms requiring the installation of a suprapubic catheter. The urinary problem, together with the cessation of treatment, were responsible for a worsening of psychiatric symptoms leading to multiple suicide attempts. Given the advanced stage of the neurological bladder demonstrated by the urodynamic tests, our patient was treated with paroxetine, quetiapine and oxazepam along with psychotherapeutic education. The evolution was characterized by improvement in psychiatric symptoms and the urinary symptoms were stable.ResultsThe lack of improvement after treatment discontinuation could be explained by an underlying neurological bladder manifesting with pollakiuria. The current literature on UR induced by psychotropic treatments is quite rare limited in case reports. This effect occurs especially when selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are prescribed in combination with other antipsychotics. Unlike first generation antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics have muscarinic receptor antagonist properties which can induce UR. Among atypical antipsychotics, olanzapine has been shown to have the greatest antimuscarinic effects. Regarding SSRIs, they are associated with a lower risk of UR than other antidepressants and sertraline had the highest risk of UR.ConclusionsSSRIs can induce UR particularly in combination with atypical antipsychotics. Coordination of care across multiple specialties and understanding the side effects of psychotropic medications can enable faster diagnoses and adequate management.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
A case report of Paliperidone palmitate-induced anaphylaxis
Authors: Pereira S. , Pais J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPaliperidone Palmitate (PP) is an atypical antipsychotic, approved by the FDA for acute and maintenance treatment of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.It has a relatively safety profile, and reported cases of paliperidone palmitate-induced angioedema or anaphylaxis are uncommon.ObjectivesWe intend to present a case of paliperidone palmitate-induced anaphylaxis to alert clinicians regarding this rare, but possible complication.MethodsNon-systematic review of the literature and report of a case study.ResultsLong-acting injectable Paliperidone Palmitate (LAIPP) is a safe and effective alternative to oral Paliperidone, with less incidence of disease relapse related to medication non-compliance.Substance use disorder (SUD) is highly prevalent in first-episode psychosis (FEP), and it is associated to decreased treatment compliance, which impairs the outcomes of these patients. Therefore, several authors have been recommended long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAI-AP), such the LAIPP, as a first line for treatment of FEP-SUD patients.The most common side effects associated with LAIPP are injection site reactions, extrapyramidal symptoms, hyperprolactinemia, sedation, hypersalivation, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, and weight gain. Hypersensitivity reactions have rarely been reported and may be dose-dependent.We report a case of a 20-year-old female, without medical history and no history of allergies, who was medicated with once-monthly LAIPP at dose 100 mg for the maintenance treatment of a first psychotic episode associated with cannabis abuse.Approximately 24 hours after the first monthly injection dose, she was admitted in the emergency room (ER) presenting an increasing angioedema associated with stridor, requiring endotracheal intubation and administration of adrenaline, clemastine and hydrocortisone during the assessment in the ER.After clinical stabilization, she was transferred to the internal medicine ward, and following a full recovery, she was discharged 6 days later while being medicated with Olanzapine 15 mg/day, Lorazepam 3 mg/day and Sertraline 50 mg/day. LAIPP was suspected as the etiology of the anaphylaxis reaction due to temporal relationship of its onset with therapy administration and by the exclusion of other potential causes. Consequently, LAIPP was discontinued at discharge.ConclusionsThis report shows the possibility of a late and potentially life-threatening anaphylactic reaction to LAIPP. So, all physicians should be aware of this potential complication, which requires timely recognition and management.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Aripiprazole induced reversible ptosis anda oromandibular dystonia
Authors: Ilgin S. E. , Yanartaş Ö. , Özgenç Biçer Ç. I. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic orally indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar I, major depressive disorder. It is also indicated as an injection for agitation associated with schizophrenia or bipolar mania. Aripiprazole exerts its effects through agonism of dopaminergic and 5-HT1A receptors and antagonism of alpha-adrenergic and 5-HT2A receptors (Cosi et al., 2006). Ptosis is known as the drooping of the upper eyelid, and the patient usually presents with the complaint of the defect in vision and cosmesis (Shahzad & Siccardi, 2023). Orofacial dyskinesia and oromandibular dystonia are uncommon neurological disorders with involuntary, mainly choreic (dance-like) movements, or excessive, involuntary and sustained or repetitive muscle contractions that may involve the face, lips, tongue, and/or jaw (Bakke, 2016).ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to present a case of ptosis and orofacial spasm, which are neurological side effects that may be very rare side effects of aripiprazole.MethodsThe 22-year-old woman was referred to the psychiatric service via the emergency service, due to thoughts of harming herself and irritability. The patient was planned to be hospitalized due to decreased sleep, increased speech, and persecution delusions for the last days. After the patient stayed in the service for 25 days, the patient was prescribed olanzapine 10 mg for discharge. At the follow-up appointment, it was learned that the patient had gained weight due to olanzapine and was switched to aripiprazole on 4th of July. The patient’s aripiprazole dose was gradually increased to 10 mg/day. The patient’s relatives gradually noticed drooping eyelids, involuntary oral movements, and impaired speech due to aripiprazole. Cranial MRI and cranial MRI angiography performed to rule out organic pathologies resulted normal. Accordingly, the aripiprazole dose was reduced to 5 mg/day by his mother, and at the last follow-up appointment on August 4, aripiprazole was stopped and paliperidone was started, and the neurological symptoms completely resolved 4 days later.Results
Since aripiprazole is frequently used in the field of psychiatry, its side effects are often wondered about. Extrapyramidal system side effects of antipsychotics are more common than ptosis. And In terms of the incidence of various extrapyramidal side effects, overall, no significant effects of age, sex, mean dose, study duration, or measuring method could be demonstrated. It is very important to distinguish between organic pathology and drug side effects, especially since ptosis accompanies neuromuscular diseases, ischemic, demyelinating brain lesions and intracranial aneurysms.ConclusionsAs a result, patients who are started on antipsychotics should be closely watched for side effects to increase patient comfort and drug compliance. Also organic pathologies must be excluded before making a final decision that it is a drug side effect.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared