bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A bioinspired approach to produce parahydrophobic properties using PEDOP conducting polymers with branched alkyl chains
Authors: Mortier Claudio , Darmanin Thierry , Guittard Frédéric 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn nature, several plants and insects, such as theRosa montanapetals or the gecko foot, are highly hydrophobic but with an extremely high water adhesion. These properties are called parahydrophobic. Here, in order to reproduce such properties we have developed original 3,4-ethylenedioxypyrrole monomers containing branched alkyl chains in order to have intrinsically hydrophilic polymers. In certain conditions, the electrodeposited conducting polymer films are parahydrophobic due to the presence fibrous structures forming large agglomerates. On such surfaces, a water droplet deposited on them remains stuck even after a substrate inclination of 180°. Such properties are extremely interesting for applications in water harvesting, for example.
Who needs a nucleus? Tashlhiyt Berber syllabification within the onset prominence representational environment
Authors: Schwartz Geoffrey 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of Tashlhiyt Berber syllabification in the Onset Promi-nence (OP) representational framework. With a structural perspective on manner of articulation, OP captures the apparent role of sonority in TB syllabification. It is shown, however, that this does not entail the assignment of "peak" status to the most sonorous available segments in a given string. Sonority based "peak" assignment cannot account for the ambiguous behavior exhibited by syllables in with the "peak" is less sonorous than its "onset", and makes infelicitous predictions with regard to the behavior of "onsetless" syllables. By contrast, the OP environment provides mechanisms in which such ambiguities fall out from more general principles of constituent formation.
High aromatase activity in hypogonadal men is associated with higher spine bone mineral density, increased truncal fat and reduced lean mass
Authors: Aguirre Lina E , Colleluori Georgia , Fowler Kenneth E , Jan Irum Zeb , Villareal Kenneth , Qualls Clifford , Robbins David , Villareal Dennis T , Armamento-Villareal Reina 
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveBecause the aromatase enzyme catalyzes the conversion of testosterone to estradiol (E2), the activity of this enzyme could be important in the musculoskeletal health of men with low testosterone. The objective of the present study is to determine the influence of aromatase activity on the bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition of patients with hypogonadism.DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsThe baseline data of 90 patients between 40 and 74 years old who participated in a genetic study of response to testosterone therapy in men with low testosterone (i.e., <300 ng/dl) were analyzed. BMD and body composition were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum testosterone was measured by automated immunoassay, E2was measured by ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassay, and sex hormone-binding globulin was measured by enzyme immunoassay.ResultsMen in the highest tertile of E2to testosterone ratio (E2:T) had the highest spine BMD (P≤0.037), highest truncal fat (P=0.046), and lowest truncal lean body mass (P=0.045). A similar pattern was observed in the upper extremities; that is, fat mass significantly increased (P=0.047), whereas lean mass significantly decreased (P=0.034) with increasing E2:T tertiles.ConclusionThe present findings suggest that in men with hypogonadism, aromatase activity could be an important determinant of musculoskeletal health. Men with high aromatase activity are able to maintain a higher BMD despite low circulating testosterone, but they have lower lean and higher truncal fat mass as compared to those with lower aromatase activity.
Some studies on the natural history of Graves' orbitopathy: increase in orbital fat is a rather late phenomenon
Authors: Potgieser Peter W , Wiersinga Wilmar M , Regensburg Noortje I , Mourits Maarten P 
Published: July 2015

AimTo describe volumes of orbital fat (FV) and extraocular muscles (MV) in Graves' orbitopathy (GO) as a function of the duration of GO.Patientsi) Cross-sectional survey among 95 consecutive patients with untreated GO who had been referred to the combined thyroid–eye clinics of our university hospital. ii) Longitudinal survey among 39 of the 95 patients who did not receive any therapeutic intervention and were followed for 1 year.MethodsA computed tomography (CT)-based and well-validated method for calculating orbital soft tissues. In order to neutralize sex differences, results are expressed as ratios of FV:orbital volume (OV) and MV:OV.Resultsi) Patients with GO duration of >1 year had greater FV:OV (0.65 vs 0.55, P=0.004), similar MV:OV (0.22 vs 0.21, not significant (NS)), and more proptosis (22 mm vs 21 mm, P=0.03) as compared to those with shorter duration. ii) As compared to baseline, after 1 year, FV:OV had increased (0.56 vs 0.63, P=0.000), MV:OV had not changed (0.19 vs 0.19, NS), proptosis was higher (20 mm vs 21 mm, P=0.003), and clinical activity scores had become lower (2 vs 1, P=0.02) (median values).ConclusionCT images show that a longer duration of GO is associated with a higher orbital FV. Extraocular MV, however, is not associated with GO duration; rather, it is related to the severity of GO.
Indices of adiposity and thyroid hormones in euthyroid postmenopausal women
Authors: Lambrinoudaki Irene , Armeni Eleni , Rizos Demetrios , Georgiopoulos Georgios , Athanasouli Foteini , Triantafyllou Nikolaos , Panoulis Konstantinos , Augoulea Areti , Creatsa Maria , Alexandrou Andreas , Alevizaki Maria , Stamatelopoulos Kimon 
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the association between thyroid hormones and indices of obesity in a sample of euthyroid postmenopausal women.DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsSerum levels of TSH, free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) as well as BMI and waist:hip ratio (WHR) were evaluated in 194 healthy euthyroid postmenopausal women. Ultrasonography was used to assess abdominal fat layers (subcutaneous fat (SF), preperitoneal fat (PF), and SF:PF ratio). Indices of adiposity were defined as high vs low depending on the median value of the assessed parameters.ResultsAfter multivariate adjustment for traditional risk factors, lower FT4levels and a higher FT3:FT4ratio predicted higher SF mass (FT4, Exp(β)=0.035,P=0.020 and FT3:FT4, Exp(β)=2.374,P=0.018), whereas higher FT3predicted higher PF mass (Exp(β)=2.815,P=0.032). Women with FT3:FT4above the highest quartile had a significantly higher SF mass as compared to women in the lowest quartile (1.81±0.62 cm vs 1.54±0.46 cm,P=0.027). BMI had a positive independent association with TSH (Exp(β)=1.829,P=0.018). Finally, FT3was significantly associated with SF mass among women with higher BMI (FT3,β=0.259,P=0.040) and women with higher WHR (β=0.309,P=0.020) but not among women with lower BMI or WHR values.ConclusionThyroid hormone levels, and in particular FT3, were independently associated with SF and PF in euthyroid postmenopausal women, and this association was mainly evident in women with higher BMIs. On the other hand, among traditional indices of adiposity, only TSH was positively associated with BMI. Larger prospective studies are needed to evaluate the significance of the present findings.
La Pérdida Del Monopolio En El Ejercicio de la Acción Penal y los Límites Constitucionales de su Regulación En Colombia
Authors: Acuña Christian Eduardo Matusan , Peña Edwin Manuel Chaves 
Published: July 2015

<p>El presente artículo lleva a cabo un análisis reflexivo del acto legislativo 6 de 2011 por medio del cual se autorizó el ejercicio de la acción penal privada en Colombia. Dicho análisis consiste específicamente en precisar la relación existente entre la acción penal privada y el sistema procesal de raigambre acusatorio. A su vez, analiza los límites constitucionales que el nuevo texto constitucional impondría al legislador a la hora de reglamentar la institución mencionada. Para ello, estudiaremos los conceptos de bien jurídico, lesividad y la condición de víctima, conforme a lo señalado por la doctrina nacional y extranjera más calificada, la jurisprudencia, y el texto de las leyes nacionales pertinentes.</p>
Límites Al Derecho De Acceso A La Información Clínica En Los Casos De Estado Necesidad Terapéutica Y Anotaciones Subjetivas. Especial Referencia Al Sistema Español
Authors: Martínez César Alberto Correa 
Published: July 2015

<p>El derecho a la información que ha cobrado fuerza a lo largo del siglo XX, siendo uno de los pilares de la atención médica y de la relación médico – paciente, tiene algunas particularidades que, aun con reconocimiento constitucional y legal, dista de ser un derecho absoluto. Un ejemplo se encuentra en la Ley española de Autonomía del Paciente que consagra unos límites al derecho de información del paciente, específicamente dos de mucha importancia: el estado de necesidad terapéutica y las anotaciones subjetivas. Sin embargo la ley dejó el asunto abierto y dispuesto para ser debatido.</p>
La Implementación del Principio de Ciudadanía universal en la Constitución de Ecuador de 2008
Authors: Agudelo Germán Daniel Rodríguez , Hoyos Julián Antonio Navarro 
Published: July 2015

<p>El presente trabajo plantea una reflexión en torno al proceso teórico y político de institucionalización del principio de la Ciudadanía Universal en la Constitución de Ecuador 2008. Para lograr ese propósito, se abordan cuatro aristas: la primera, está constituida por una aproximación al aspecto teórico de la ciudadanía; la segunda, explora el nuevo constitucionalismo latinoamericano como posible marco de comprensión de esta institución y las circunstancias regionales que rodearon la constitución de 2008; el tercer apartado describe las circunstancias internas ecuatorianas que propiciaron la adopción de este principio; y finalmente, se recapitula la experiencia ecuatoriana y las disposiciones constitucionales que formalizaron su inclusión. </p>
Políticas públicas en Colombia de Generación distribuida en nuevas Fuentes energéticas: El Caso de la Geotermia y las Zonas no interconectadas.
Authors: Jiménez Katherin Farietta 
Published: July 2015

<p>La falencia en la prestación del servicio de energía en las áreas no interconectadas del país lleva a concluir que hace falta implementar políticas fuertes a nivel nacional y que se desarrollen por parte de los gobiernos locales para dignificar la calidad de vida de sus habitantes.</p><p> </p><p>Además la firma y ratificación de tratados internacionales por parte de nuestro estado para diversificar la canasta energética, hace propicio el escenario de las zonas no interconectadas para su pleno y rentable abastecimiento mediante sistemas de generación distribuida con fuentes de energía limpias.</p><p> </p><p>No obstante es necesario dejar de lados los intereses clientelistas de los particulares y que el gobierno central incentive la electrificación eficiente de las zonas que en nuestro mapa representan un porcentaje bastante considerable.</p>
Responsabilidad del Vicepresidente de la República en ejercicio de sus funciones constitucionales
Authors: Márquez Paula Ximena Muñoz 
Published: July 2015

<p>El presente artículo pretende analizar la figura de la Vicepresidencia desde el punto de vista del ejercicio de las funciones constitucionales asignadas por la Constitución política de 1991, artículo 202 inciso 3° y 5°. A partir de una metodología cualitativa con enfoque histórico hermenéutico, El objetivo principal será determinar la responsabilidad del Vicepresidente de la República en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano en la Constitución de 1991, partiendo de la identificación de los antecedentes constitucionales de la figura de la Vicepresidencia, la posición jurídica del Vicepresidente de la República como funcionario público en ejercicio de las funciones propias de su cargo, para finalmente determinar la responsabilidad del Vicepresidente en caso de contravenir la Constitución o las leyes.</p>
Orthodontic Management of Class-I crowding in an adult male: A case report
Authors: Mahmud AM Sohal , Taher Md Abu , Sattar MH , Hossain Md Zakir 
Published: July 2015

A 20 years old male presented with Class-I malocclusion with crowding and lock bite on upper right and left lateral incisors. Treatment involved extraction of all first premolars. The alignment of teeth in both arches were achieved by edgewise orthodontic therapy.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2012; Vol-3, No.1
Pattern of malocclusion in patients seeking orthodontic treatment at Dhaka Dental College and Hospital
Authors: Rahman Md Muklesur , Jahan Hasnat , Hossain Md Zakir 
Published: July 2015

Aims: To evaluate the pattern and distribution of malocclusion in patients seeking orthodontic treatment in Dhaka Dental College Hospital.Material and Methods: Total of 400 patients were included in the study with a mean age of 19.10 years. A standard format was prepared to record the data. Ages, sex and Class I, II and III malocclusions were tabulated to cheek for any relationship.Results: The prevalence of molar class I, II, III and both (I &II) malocclusion were 61.53%, 22.56%, 8.2%, and 7.17%, respectively. The prevalence of incisors class I, class II division 1,classII division 2 and class III malocclusions were 36.92%, 39.74%, 2.56% and 14.87%. out of 400 cases the distribution of various occlusal abnormality were spacing 40%, crowding 46.92%, cross bite 23.07%, open bite 8.46%, impaction 6.41%, rotation 20%, median diastema 13.58%, absent teeth 7.69%, mesiodense 2.51% and cleft lip and palate was 1.28%. Most prevalence age group seeking orthodontics treatment was 16 to 20 years with female to male ratio 2.45 :1.Conclusion: class I malocclusion was the most prevalent followed by class II malocclusion and class III malocclusion showed least prevalence.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2013; Vol-3, No.2
A study on Arch Widths of Bangladeshi Adult Subjects with Class II-2 malocclusion compared to those with Class II div1 malocclusion and Normal Occlusion
Authors: Rana Md Masud , Hossain Md Zakir 
Published: July 2015

Aim : To evaluate the transverse discrepancy in different malocclusion groups. Also to test the hypothesisvthat models with Class II division 2 malocclusion may have mean maxillary arch widths significantly smaller than those with normal occlusions and significantly larger than those with Class II division 1 malocclusion. Thus the proposed study will generate interest among the orthodontists for further study over the transverse discrepancy of our patients and guide them to establish effective treatment strategy and their management.Methods: This study was a cross sectional study conducted among the dental casts of 150 patients and students of the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dhaka Dental College and Hospital. Both male and female were included. The first group consists of 50 pair of study models with permanent dentition and diagnosed as Class I (normal) occlusion. The second group includes another 50 pair of dental casts with permanent dentition and diagnosed as Class II division 1 malocclusion . And third group includes another 50 pair of dental casts with permanent dentition and was diagnosed as Class II division 2 malocclusion. This group of malocclusion was again subdivided into two categories, Class II division 2 malocclusion with crowding and Class II division 2 malocclusion without crowding. The Students t test was used to analyze the data. In this analytical test the level of significance p value <0.05 was considered significantResults: No Statistically significant difference was observed in the maxillary inter canine, inter first premolar and inter first molar widths between class-I and Class-II div-1. Significant differences were observed between two groups. In case of mandibular inter first molar widths (p value = 0.001), and also differences in case of mandibular inter canine, inter first premolar and inter first molar widths between Class-I and Class II div 2 malocclusion p value respectively .01, 0.002,0.01.Conclusion: This study helps in determining possible differences in the dental arch widths of Bangladeshi people in Class II div 2 adults compared to adults with Class II div 1 and normal occlusion may be an important aid in further understanding of dentoalveolar characteristics of these conditions, as well as improving their management.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2013; Vol-3, No.2
Field Investigation on the Efficacy of <i>Salmonella</i> Vaccine Prepared at Bangladesh Agricultural University
Authors: Bag MAS , Amin MM , Rahman MB , Arafat YA , Salim M , Rasel IH , Majumder UH 
Published: July 2015

The research work was performed to investigate the immunogenicity of Salmonella vaccine produced at LPVRPC, BAU Mymensingh. The vaccination was performed at the Phenix Hatchery Ltd. Gazipur in Hy-sex brown and HY-sex white chicken designated as group A and group B respectively. Group A and B were subdivided into A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 groups containing eight birds each. Group C was maintained as unvaccinated control. Birds were immunized following schedule of the LPVRPC. Each bird was vaccinated SC at six weeks of age followed by a subsequent booster dose after 45 days. After four weeks of primary vaccination the mean PHA antibody titres were 96.00±34.21 in group A1 and 96.00±34.21 in B1 group. Prebooster vaccination the mean PHA antibody titres were 88.00±33.12 in group A2 and 88.00±33.12 in B2 group. At four weeks of booster vaccination the mean PHA antibody titres were 104.00±33.12 in group A3 and 104.00±33.12 in B3 group. The mean ± PHA antibody titre in chickens of group C was ? 4.0±0.00. Salmonella vaccine prepared at (LPVRPC) Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, BAU induces satisfactory level of antibody in chickens determined by PHA test conducted in an on-farm study of layer chickens.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23705Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 5-9
Effect of Diclofenac Sodium in Broilers
Authors: Akter R , Sarker MAW 
Published: July 2015

This study was conducted to determine the effects of diclofenac sodium in broiler chicks during the period from 20th July /2012 to 1st september/2012. The broiler chicks were divided into four groups A, B, C and control with ten day old bird in each. Group A was treated with @ 5mg/kg body weight, group B was treated with @ 10mg/kg body weight and Group C was treated with 20 mg/kg body weight given orally mixing with drinking water. Histopathological, hematological and biochemical tests were performed on 42th days of age to evaluate diclofenac-induced changes between control and treated groups. Mortality rate and pathomorphological changes were observed in dead birds. The acute toxicity was assessed by observing the clinical signs and symptoms, mortality, alterations in blood biochemistry, and necropsy findings. The birds of Group A showed only mild symptoms of diarrhea and 30% mortality. In Group B, 60% and Group 70% of birds died in between 24 and 36 h post-treatment showing the symptoms of segregatory behavior, lethargy, terminal anorexia, and severe bloody diarrhea. Observation of hematological parameters like TEC, Hb, PCV and ESR on 42th days of age showed significant (p<0.01) decrease in treatment group compare to control group. Observation of biochemical parameters (serum urea, serum creatinine) on 42th days of age showed significantly increased (p<0.01) serum urea and serum creatinine indicating nephrotoxicity in broilers. At 12 and 24 h post-treatment this returned to the normal levels. The dead birds of the high-dose group also showed similar pattern of biochemical changes at 12 and 24 h post-treatment and revealed extensive visceral gout with characteristic histopathological lesions in liver, kidney, heart, spleen and intestine on post-mortem. The results indicate that diclofenac sodium has hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, and visceral gout inducing potentials in broilers (cob-500), especially at higher dose.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23710Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 19-24
Prevalence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> Infection in Cattle in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Adamu SG , Adamu NB , Aliyu AU , Atsanda NN , Mustapha FB , Muhammad YA , Umaru GA 
Published: July 2015

A study was carried out to survey the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in cattle in Maiduguri, Northeastern Nigeria. A total of four hundred (400) fecal samples from cattle were randomly collected and examined for the presence of Cryptosporidium sp. oocysts using the modified Ziehl-Neelsen (MZN) staining method. The results showed that the overall prevalence of infection was 22.3%, with an infection rate of23.4% in adult cattle and 19.1% in young cattle, respectively. There was no statistical significant difference (P<0.05) between the age groups, with (OR: 1.298; 95%CI: 0.75072.245). Out of 89 positive samples, 21.2% were male and 25.0% were female, respectively. There was no statistical significant difference (P>0.05) between the sex, with (OR: 0.8062; 95% CI: 0.48280.346). It was concluded that Cryptosporidium sp. infection is prevalent in Nigeria; and cattle could serve as reservoirs for the zoonotic infection in humans.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23712Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 25-28
Prevalence of Haemonchosis of Goats at Rajshahi District in Bangladesh
Authors: Nahar L , Sarder MJU , Mondal MMH , Faruque MO , Rahman M 
Published: July 2015

A study was conducted in the Laboratory of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, during March, 2011 to February, 2012. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of temperature, humidity and rainfall in different months on the prevalence of haemonchosis of goats in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. A total of 720 samples were examined, of these (416) 57.8% goats were found positive for Haemonchus spp. infection. The highest prevalence was observed in the month of July (82.1 %) followed by August (79.7 %) and lowest in the January (28.3 %) followed by February (38.7 %). It was also observed that temperature (29.8°?), relative humidity (86%) and rainfall (146.0 mm) in the month of July was favourable for the egg laying, hatching and survival of infective larvae on the pasture. On the other hand, all the factors like temperature, humidity and rainfall was recorded lowest as 17.5°?, 79%, 5.5 mm respectively which was unfavourable for the reproduction and survival of infective larvae in the month of the January. The current study revealed that haemonchosis is an important and common parasitic disease and requires special attention for its control. The prevalence among different months when compared statistically (Chi-square test and DMRT) revealed significant (P=0.001) differences. So, it is concluded that, month of the year, temperature, humidity and rainfall has significance effect on the prevalence of haemonchosis in goats. Considering those factors control should be carried out in and around Bangladesh to improve our goat production.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23713Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 29-36