bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel W-band Substrate Integrated Microstrip to Ultra-thin Cavity Filter Transition
Authors: Cao Yi , Tang Xiaohong , Liu Yong , Cai Zongqi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

A novel substrate integrated microstrip to ultra-thin cavity filter transition operating in the W-band is proposed in this letter. The filter includes a conventional tapered microstrip transition structure, which guides the electromagnetic field from the microstrip line to the reduced-height dielectric-filled waveguide, and an air-filled matching cavity which is placed between the dielectric-filled waveguide and the ultra-thin cavity filter. The height of the microstrip line, dielectric-filled waveguide and the ultra-thin cavity filter are the same, enabling seamless integration within a planar radio-frequency (RF) circuit. To facilitate testing, mature finline transition structures are integrated at both ends of the microstrip line during fabrication. The simulation results of the fabricated ultra-thin cavity filter with the finline transition structure, with a passband of 91.5–96.5 GHz, has an insertion loss of less than 1.9 dB and a return loss better than − 20 dB. And the whole structure has also been measured which achieves an insertion loss better than 2.6 dB within the filter's passband, including the additional insertion loss introduced by the finline transitions.
Phenolic compounds and safety of improved and local peanut varieties grown in Burkina Faso
Authors: ZONGO Sandrine , ZONGO Souleymane , COMPAORE Clarisse S. , KONKOBO Fréderic Anderson , BARRY Poussian Raymond , ROAMBA Noëlle Edwige , BAZIE David , Dakuyo Roger , Diao Mamounata , Konaté Kiesoun , Dicko Mamoudou H. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Peanuts are a tropical crop widely cultivated throughout the world. The seed is the most important part of the peanut. Burkina Faso is the 16th largest producer of peanuts in the world. Despite its economic and nutritional potential, peanut growers are subject to aflatoxin contamination. This present study aimed to evaluate the phenolic compounds and safety of various improved and local peanut varieties. The aflatoxin contents of the different varieties were determined by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). A UV-visible spectrophotometer quantified the phenolic contents. For all samples, results showed that water content varied from 3.85 ± 0.08 to 4.21 ± 0.06%, and pH from 6.11 ± 0.02 to 6.48 ± 0.02. Toxicological results showed total aflatoxin levels ranging from 0.04 to 1.86 µg/kg. Polyphenols had the highest values in peanut extracts, ranging from 5.64 ± 1.35 to 14.94 ± 2.79 mg EAG/g. Flavonoids ranged from 1.23 ± 0.11 to 2.24 ± 0.15 mg EAQ/g and flavonols from 0.14 ± 0.09 to 0.85 ± 0.36 mg EAQ/g. Condensed tannin contents range from 0.14 ± 0.02b to 0.26 ± 0.02a mg EAG/100g and hydrolysable tannins from 0.03 ± 0 a to 0.16 ± 0.09 a mg EAT/g. TC tannins ranged from 0.14 ± 0.02 to 0.26 ± 0.02 mg EAG/100g and THs from 0.03 ± 0 a to 0.16 ± 0.09 a mg EAT/g. Peanut seeds have excellent phytonutrient potential, which is interesting when we consider the importance of these phytonutrients with their nutritional quality. They could therefore be considered foods with therapeutic potential. The low levels of aflatoxins testify to the safety of the seeds.
The biogeography of microbial N cycle guilds of the rye rhizosphere along a tillage erosion catena
Authors: Lewin Simon , Wehrhan Marc , Wende Sonja , Sommer Michael , kolb Steffen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background Excessive fertilization and tillage erosion pose threats to food security and crop yields. A transition towards more sustainable agricultural practices may be advanced by harnessing ecosystem services provided by plant microbiomes. However, targeting microbiota at the agroecosystem scale necessitates bridging the gap to micro-scale structures of microbiomes. We hypothesized, that relevant changes of microbial N cycle guilds in the rhizosphere of rye align with a soil catena determined by tillage erosion. Aboveground patterns of crop biomass along such a catena persist in hummocky landscapes and are of practical relevance to farmers.
Results The rhizosphere of the topsoil at four typical soils in an arable field grown with rye within the Quillow catchment (NE Germany) was sampled. The soils represent a complete tillage erosion gradient from an extremely eroded Calcaric Regosol over a strongly eroded Nudiargic Luvisol to a non-eroded Calcic Luvisol and colluvial Gleyic-Colluvic Regosols. Gene abundances characteristic of microbial N cycle guilds were analysed using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Distinct growth of rye plants along the catena was correlated with the nitrogen cycle functions of the rhizosphere microbiome based on multivariate analyses. Gene ratios describing differential denitrification potential of the microbiome differed significantly between soils. The norBC gene abundance was most strongly coupled to plant productivity, which is likely due to its involvement into multiple plant microbiome interactions besides denitrification. Genes associated with DNRA and diazotrophy prevailed at eroded soils. The eroded sites showed the lowest plant productivity and soil mineral N availability. Additionally, N limitation at the eroded sites was implied by the lowered gdh to glnA ratio and its association to plant productivity compared to the depositional site.
Conclusions Thus, gradients in legacy of agricultural management such as tillage erosion capture substantial changes in rhizosphere microbiome functionality. These specific microbiome assembly patterns are a function of above ground in field-plant productivity patterns accessible by remote sensing. Thus, the interrelation of in-field crop biomass patterns and the rhizosphere microbiome opens up the opportunity to assess distribution patterns of plant microbiota functional distribution at scales relevant to agricultural production and agroecosystems functioning.
Psychometric properties of the Rapid Neurodevelopmental Assessment in detecting social- emotional problems during routine child developmental monitoring in primary healthcare
Authors: Campbell Tia , Shanley Dianne C. , Page Marjad , McDonald Theresa , Zimmer-Gembeck Melanie , Hess Megan , Watney Jodie , Hawkins Erinn 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The global prevalence of social-emotional problems in children and adolescents is nearly double in First Nations populations compared to non-First Nations, highlighting health inequities due to the impact of colonisation. Addressing this requires culturally responsive social-emotional screening in primary health, enhanced by a simple, psychometrically sound tool. The Rapid Neurodevelopmental Assessment, Australian Edition (RNDA:Australia), is user-friendly, incorporates child observations and parental input, and can be used by primary healthcare providers. This study evaluated the RNDA:Australia’s performance in screening social-emotional problems during routine health checks with First Nations children.
Methods
Working with an Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation in Australia, children (60% male, 92% identifying as First Nations) aged 3 to 16 years (M = 8.40, SD = 3.33) and a caregiver participated in this study as part of a health check. The convergence with, and accuracy of, children’s scores derived from single-item measures of seven social-emotional problems on the RNDA:Australia was compared to their corresponding multi-item scores from the parent-report Behavior Assessment System for Children 3rd Edition (BASC-3).
Results
Each of the single-items measures on the RNDA:Australia were significantly correlated with the corresponding multi-item construct on the BASC-3, except for anxiety. The total accuracy of the RNDA:Australia relative to the BASC-3 was 58 to 81%, with high sensitivity for four of the seven items: hyperactivity (90%), attention problems (87%), externalising problems (82%) and behaviour symptoms index (88%). Sensitivity of the remaining items ranged from 14–71% and specificity ranged from 29–88%. The measure showed an average positive predictive value of 50% and negative predictive value of 75%.
Conclusions
The single-item measures within the RNDA:Australia’s behaviour domain showed good convergent validity relative to the BASC-3. Most items had acceptable accuracy, comparable with similar screening measures. These findings further support the RNDA:Australia’s integration into First Nations’ child health checks, allowing for a rapid, holistic assessment of child development to improve health equity.
Comparison of bioelectrical impedance analysis and computed tomography for the assessment of body composition among gastric cancer patients
Authors: Lv Li , Liu Chunxian , Wu Yudan , Wen Jing , Fu Wenwen , Chen Xiaoxia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective To compare the accuracy of Bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and Computer tomography (CT) in evaluating body composition, specifically assessing visceral fat area (VFA) and skeletal muscle index (SMI), in Chinese gastric cancer patients.Method Spearman correlation analysis was employed to evaluate the relationship between the two methods, and the Bland-Altman method was used to assess their agreement. The performance of BIA in diagnosing low muscle mass and visceral obesity was evaluated based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Result There was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.650) between BIA and CT methods for detecting SMI and VFA, p < 0.001;r = 0.772, p < 0.001). Bland Altman analysis revealed an average bias between the BIA and CT measurement systems of 0.920 ± 1.161 kg/m² (95% CI: -1.658-2.898 kg/m²). The average bias for the VFA measurement system was − 12.304 ± 24.973 cm² (95% CI: -61.252–36.644 cm²). The 95% limits of agreement (LOA) range for percentage deviation were − 19.837–33.702%, and for VFA it was − 90.138–57.034%. Significant differences were observed in the mean biases of SMI and VFA measurements between males and females (SMI: 1.008 ± 1.256 kg/m² vs 0.761 ± 0.954 kg/m², P = 0.036; VFA: 16.206 ± 23.807 cm² vs -5.225 ± 25.570 cm², P < 0.001). Using CT as a reference, the cutoff value for identifying low muscle mass using SMI measured by BIA was 9.754 kg/m² for males and 8.498 kg/m² for females. The critical value for identifying visceral obesity using VFA measured by BIA was 70.45 cm² (AUC = 0.895 (0.860–0.930)), AUCmen = 0.771 (0.708–0.833), AUCwomen = 0.770 (0.688–0.853).Conclusion Although a significant correlation was observed, caution should be exercised when using BIA and CT interchangeably for assessing SMI and VFA values. BIA tended to overestimate SMI and underestimate VFA, especially across different genders. This resulted in an underestimation of the prevalence of low muscle mass and an overestimation of visceral obesity.
DR-PDEE for engineered high-dimensional nonlinear stochastic systems: A physically-driven equation providing theoretical basis for data-driven approaches
Authors: Chen Jian-Bing , Sun Ting-Ting , Lyu Meng-Ze 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

For over half a century, the analysis, control, and optimization design of high-dimensional nonlinear stochastic dynamical systems have posed long-standing challenges in the fields of science and engineering. Emerging scientific ideas and powerful technologies, such as big data and artificial intelligence (AI), offer new opportunity for addressing this problem. Data-driven techniques and AI methods are beginning to empower the research on stochastic dynamics. However, what is the physical essence, theoretical foundation, and effective applicable spectrum of data-driven and AI-aided (DDAA) stochastic dynamics? Answering this question has become important and urgent for advancing research in stochastic dynamics more solidly and effectively. This paper will provide a perspective on answering this question from the viewpoint of system dimensionality reduction. In the DDAA framework, the dimension of observed data of the studied system, such as the dimension of the complete state variables of the system, is fundamentally unknown. Thus, it can be considered that the stochastic dynamical systems under the DDAA framework are dimension-reduced subsystems of real-world systems. Therefore, a question of interest is: To what extent can the probability information predicted by the dimension-reduced subsystem characterize the probability information of the real-world system and serve as a decision basis? The paper will discuss issues such as the dimension-reduced probability density evolution equation (DR-PDEE) satisfied by the probability density function (PDF) of path-continuous non-Markov responses in general high-dimensional systems, the dimension-reduced partial integro-differential equation satisfied by the PDF of path-discontinuous responses, and the non-exchangeability of dimension reduction and imposition of absorbing boundary conditions. These studies suggest that the DR-PDEE and the dimension-reduced partial integro-differential equation can serve as important theoretical bases for the effectiveness and applicability boundaries of the DDAA framework.
Revealing putative causal genes by establishing the causality between different lymphomas and immune cells
Authors: Lian Jingxuan , Zhang Xinghong , Chen Wenjie , Lin Zheshen , Lu Ming , Liang Rong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: The immune microenvironment not only plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of lymphoma but also serves as a critical determinant influencing disease progression and treatment resistance. However, there remains a dearth of comprehensive investigations exploring the causal relationship between various immune cell types and different lymphomas.
Method: In this study, we employed common bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) and linked disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) to investigate the causal relationship and genetic correlation between immune cells and various lymphomas. Additionally, we utilized the Mendelian randomization-based method of summary data-based MR (SMR), which incorporated genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data from immune cells to identify genes associated with lymphoma. Furthermore, colocalization analysis and genetic correlation analysis were conducted for further validation of our findings.
Results: The two-sample mendelian randomization approach was employed to identify the immune cell types that exhibit a causal relationship with different lymphomas. Additionally, the genetic correlation between these immune cells and malignant lymphomas was further analyzed using the linked disequilibrium score regression method, thereby enhancing the reliability of our findings. The SMR and colocalization analyses revealed several genes associated with these immune cells, thereby providing additional support for their putative role in the pathogenesis of lymphoma.
Conclusions: Our study elucidates the intricate interplay between immune cells by employing genetic methodologies, thus offering insights for potential therapeutic targets and risk predictors in different subtypes of lymphoma treatments.
Variability of fine Particulate Matter (PM 1.0 and PM 2.5 ) and its oxidative Potential at different locations in the Northern part of India
Authors: Tripathi Tulika , kale Akshay , Anand Madhu , Satsangi P.G , Taneja Ajay 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The particulate matter (PM) is known to cause cardiopulmonary diseases as it is redox-active and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the human body. In this study, PM1 and PM2.5 samples were collected at Agra, India, from July to November 2022. These samples were analyzed for their oxidative potential (OP) using the dithiothreitol (DTT) Assay. The data was classified as seasonal (monsoon and post-monsoon) for different environments. The overall average PM1 mass concentrations in ambient air were 17±7, 19±8, and 31±33 μg/m3 at urban, roadside and rural locations, respectively. Similarly, the overall PM2.5 mass concentrations in ambient air were 40±17, 53±26, and 82±104 μg/m3 at urban, roadside, and rural locations, respectively. The results showed that the oxidative potential, OP-DTTv, was higher at urban and roadside for PM2.5. However, OP-DTTm was higher at urban and roadside locations for PM1. At rural sites, both OP-DTTv and OP-DTTm were higher for PM1. This study highlights the importance of understanding the oxidative potential of PM in comprehensively assessing health risks associated with reactive oxygen species in different environments.
Joint Estimation of SOC and SOH for Lithium-ion Batteries Considering Various Temperatures and Life Cycles
Authors: Guo Xifeng , Huang Yuhai , Ning Yi , Zheng Di , Wen Yinlei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In addressing the challenge of joint estimation of State of Health (SOH) and State of Charge (SOC) for lithium-ion batteries under varying temperatures and aging conditions,this study proposes a method that analyzes the correlation between SOC and SOH and considers their mutual influence. The method begins by extracting health factors (HF) derived from voltage and current dynamics across different temperatures and SOC levels. Subsequently, a hybrid approach combining Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), and Attention Mechanisms (A) is employed (CNN-GRU-A) to estimate SOH. Utilizing battery's current, voltage and estimated SOH are used as inputs to predict SOC, taking into consideration factors contributing to degradation of Lithium-ion battery life. Experiments conducted on NASA datasets under various temperature conditions demonstrate that the proposed method achieves high-accuracy joint estimation of SOC and SOH across diverse operating scenarios.
Development of a fuse digital model for virtual testing of breaking capacity
Authors: Murashov Iurii , Chishko Sergey , Obraztsov Nikita , Borovkov Aleksey , Kamaev Vladimir , Ponedelchenko Maxim , Dolzhenkov Andrey 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

As full-scale tests of electronic products are very complex and costly, manufacturers are increasingly interested in digital testing. Promising novel prototype devices are based on computer models, which are essentially mathematical models of multiphysics processes constructed in a computing environment. Computer models capable of faithfully reproducing the processes occurring in fuses allow to reduce the amount of full-scale tests necessary and shorten the time it takes to develop new designs with the required characteristics. This study reports on the construction of high-accuracy mathematical and computer models. A mathematical model was developed based on fundamental physical laws, describing gas-dynamic, thermal and electrical processes in the fuse during testing. The equations formulated were used to develop a three-dimensional non-stationary computer model of the fuse. The results of experimental studies and simulation of the fuse operation are presented. The digital model was validated. Temperature dependences of the material properties were determined. The time-current characteristics of the fuse were obtained based on virtual tests.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Electric Bicycle-related Canalicular Lacerations in a Tertiary Hospital in North China
Authors: Han Shaolei , Wang Tingting , Zhao Ran , Fan Yiming , Xin Liuqing , Sun Weifeng , Yin Huisu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The purpose of this study was to describe the demographics and outcomes of patients treated for electric bicycle(EB)-related canalicular lacerations.
Methods
We performed a retrospective review of 116 patients who had suffered EB-related canalicular lacerations, and got referral to Hebei Eye Hospital in North China from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2019. The demographic data including age, gender, injury laterality, injury location, associated injuries and surgical repair results were all recorded.
Results
A total of 116 patients who had EB-related canalicular lacerations and met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. The average age of the 116 patients was 46.9 years (ranging from 15 to 79 years), including 74 (63.8%) males and 42 (36.2%) females. Among the patients, 108 (93.1%) were farm workers, 3 (2.6%) were industrial workers, 5 (4.3%) were students. The most frequency associated injuries was fracture, and a total of 57 (49.1%) fractures were discovered, and the most common fractures sites were medial orbital wall, accounting for 25 (21.6%) patients. The functional success rate was 87.1%. High speeding was identified as the primary cause of injuries, followed by using motor vehicle lanes, carrying goods or children while riding the EB, failing to obey traffic signals, helmet wearing and evenings during rush hour.
Conclusion
EB-related canalicular lacerations may lead to severe consequences. Therefore, to improve safety awareness, put forward policies and suggestions, strengthen the publicity of laws and regulations, and regulate the use of electric bicycles, in order to improve safety and prevent injuries.
Pace of adoption of alternatives to animal-source foods and climate goals
Authors: Hale Galina , Onescu Vlad , Bhangale Ritesh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The global food system is an important contributor to greenhouse gas emissions that lead to climate change. Animal agriculture is responsible for a large share of the food-system emissions, both directly and through the production of animal feed. Limiting global warming to the goals set forth by the international community will not be possible without rapid phasing out of a substantial share of animal-source food. We show that the rapid adoption of alternatives to animal-source foods, such as plant-only diet, or plant-based, cultured, or fermentation-derived analogs to animal products, can be consistent with climate goals. Importantly, the longer the delay in the adoption of alternatives, the larger the share of diet they will have to represent in 2050 for the food system to stay within its carbon budget.
Fluctuating internal states mediate neural-behavioral covariations in V1
Authors: Seidemann Eyal , Li Baowang , Samonds Jason , Chen Yuzhi , Taillefumier Thibaud , Priebe Nicholas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Our perception of the world depends on a complex interplay between external sensory inputs and our internal states. How and where in the brain the interactions between internal states and sensory inputs are implemented remain open questions. To study the neural basis of these interactions, we used whole-cell recording to measure membrane potential (Vm) of single V1 neurons in macaque monkeys performing a reaction-time detection task. We find that most V1 neurons gradually depolarize in preparation for target onset. Remarkably, trial-to-trial variations in this preparatory buildup are correlated with the monkey’s reaction times, and these covariations are similar when the animal selects a target in either hemifield. This finding implies that variation in the preparatory buildup are shared between hemispheres and are unrelated to a competitive spatial attention mechanism. Further, we find that while the gradual buildup is largely uncorrelated with the animals’ choices, transient fluctuations in Vm around target-evoked response onset time are correlated with choice. The dependence of these Vm-to-choice covariations on the visual stimulus is consistent with a multiplicative gain, reflecting a variable internal state that interacts with variable sensory signals. Overall, our results reveal surprising covariations between the membrane potential of single V1 neurons and behavior, and that these covariations are mediated by mixture of additive and multiplicative task-related modulations of incoming sensory information.