bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 24‐year‐old patient with testicular benign capillary hemangioma: A rare case report
Authors: Haydar Hasan , Sleiay Mouhammed , Marina Sliman , Haydar Abdulrahman , Alqreea Mohammed , Alomar Bauthaina , Lutfi Mohamad Yasin , Youssef Simon 
Published: July 2024

Key Clinical MessageThe importance of urologists and pathologists being knowledgable about primary testicular hemangiomas and other benign adult testicular neoplasms, though rare, is crucial. Ensuring these professionals are well‐versed in these conditions is vital in medicine. Testicular sparing surgery, especially when tumor markers are negative, is a common approach for patients with small or uncertain testicular masses.AbstractThe cause of the uncommon benign testicular tumor known as testicular capillary hemangioma is currently unclear. Children are shown to have a greater incidence than adults. Histopathological examination reveals a vascular tumor with a well‐formed capillary lumina. The lesions are bordered by flattened endothelium and have lobulated clusters of closely spaced capillaries with an abundance of vascular gaps. These capillaries have anaplastic characteristics and lack mitotic activity. The patient, who was 24‐year‐old, came to the urology department complaining of severe testicular pain. He had no significant medical history. Clinical examination found a mass at the upper pole of the testicle. An ultrasonography Doppler study found a left varicocele that measured 3.5 mm in diameter, as well as a mass at the upper part of the left testicle. Pathologic examination confirmed the presence of a benign hemangioma with. Although rare, it is important for urologists and pathologists to be aware of primary testicular hemangiomas and other benign adult testicular neoplasms. Testicular sparing surgery has always been considered in patients with small or indeterminate testicular masses with negative tumor markers.
Exploring Environmental, Social and Governance research in the wake of COVID‐19: A bibliometric analysis of current trends and recommendations for future research
Authors: Marie Mohamed , Qi Baolei , Gerged Ali Meftah , Nobanee Haitham 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study offers a systematic review of the evolution and characteristics of research on corporate Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance, with a particular focus on changes influenced by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Using bibliometric analysis, this research examines 340 scholarly articles on ESG performance published between 2006 and January 2023, documenting the expansion of ESG research in the post‐COVID‐19 era. Our findings identify key ESG themes, including social responsibility, sustainability reporting, corporate strategy, financial performance, and environmental performance. The study introduces a theoretical framework rooted in the resource‐based view, legitimacy, institutional, and stakeholder theories to explore the financial impacts of ESG implementations during and after the COVID‐19 pandemic. It highlights the essential roles played by influential journals, authors, and countries such as China, the USA, and Italy, demonstrating the interdisciplinary growth of ESG studies. Additionally, the research underscores the pandemic's impact on ESG practices, stressing the necessity for standardized ESG metrics and the crucial role of regulatory frameworks. The study recommends adapting ESG frameworks to align with post‐pandemic realities and calls for the inclusion of both qualitative research and a global perspective in future ESG research.
High gain bipolar converter with reduced input current ripple for fuel cell integrated DC microgrid
Authors: Prajapati Ashish , Chaudhary Kalpana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe key characteristics of a DC‐DC converter for a fuel cell (FC) application include higher voltage gain for DC‐link voltage, the continuous and ripple‐free source current that is beneficial for FC. This paper proposes a high‐gain DC‐DC converter with continuous and ripple‐free input current. The proposed converter is suitable for integrating fuel cell and photovoltaic (PV) power into an isolated DC microgrid. Modified boost converter with an intermediate capacitor integrated with the cuk converter to achieve high voltage gain and low voltage stress across switches, which also reduces the reverse recovery problem of diodes. A prototype of a 1 kW converter is designed, developed, and analyzed to verify its working principle. The simulation and experimental results for high gain 40/400 V and 1 kW load power, with a DC microgrid of 400 V connected to the proposed converter, are in good harmony and are conforming to the theoretical analysis. The maximum obtained converter efficiency is 96.13%.
Heterogeneity promotes resilience in restored prairie: Implications for the environmental heterogeneity hypothesis
Authors: Wojciechowski Ashley A. , Blair John M. , Collins Scott L. , Baer Sara G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEnhancing resilience in formerly degraded ecosystems is an important goal of restoration ecology. However, evidence for the recovery of resilience and its underlying mechanisms require long‐term experiments and comparison with reference ecosystems. We used data from an experimental prairie restoration that featured long‐term soil heterogeneity manipulations and data from two long‐term experiments located in a comparable remnant (reference) prairie to (1) quantify the recovery of ecosystem functioning (i.e., productivity) relative to remnant prairie, (2) compare the resilience of restored and remnant prairies to a natural drought, and (3) test whether soil heterogeneity enhances resilience of restored prairie. We compared sensitivity and legacy effects between prairie types (remnant and restored) and among four prairie sites that included two remnant prairie sites and prairie restored under homogeneous and heterogeneous soil conditions. We measured sensitivity and resilience as the proportional change in aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) during and following drought (sensitivity and legacy effects, respectively) relative to average ANPP based on 4 pre‐drought years (2014–2017). In nondrought years, total ANPP was similar between remnant and restored prairie, but remnant prairie had higher grass productivity and lower forb productivity compared with restored prairie. These ANPP patterns generally persisted during drought. The sensitivity of total ANPP to drought was similar between restored and remnant prairie, but grasses in the restored prairie were more sensitive to drought. Post‐drought legacy effects were more positive in the restored prairie, and we attributed this to the more positive and less variable legacy response of forb ANPP in the restored prairie, especially in the heterogeneous soil treatment. Our results suggest that productivity recovers in restored prairie and exhibits similar sensitivity to drought as in remnant prairie. Furthermore, creating heterogeneity promotes forb productivity and enhances restored prairie resilience to drought.
Direct and indirect effects of cougar predation on bighorn sheep fitness
Authors: Cloutier Zachary , Festa‐Bianchet Marco , Pelletier Fanie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPredation has direct effects on prey population dynamics through mortality, and it can induce indirect effects through fear. The indirect effects of predation have been documented experimentally, but few studies have quantified them in nature so that their role in prey population dynamics remains controversial. Given the expanding or reintroduced populations of large predators in many areas, the quantification of indirect effects of predation is crucial. We sought to evaluate the direct and indirect fitness effects of intense cougar (Puma concolor) predation using 48 years of data on marked bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) on Ram Mountain, Alberta, Canada. We compared years of intense cougar predation with years with no or occasional cougar predation. We first quantified the effects of predation on neonatal, weaning, and overwinter lamb survival, three metrics potentially affected by direct and indirect effects. We then investigated the possible indirect effects of intense cougar predation on lamb production, female summer mass gain, and lamb mass at weaning. We found strong effects of cougar predation on lamb survival, lamb production, and seasonal mass gain of lambs and adult females. In years with high predation, neonatal, weaning, and overwinter lamb survival declined by 18.4%, 19.7% and 20.8%, respectively. Indirect effects included a 14.2% decline in lamb production. Female summer mass gain decreased by 15.6% and lamb mass at weaning declined by 8.0% in years of intense cougar predation. Our findings bring key insights on the impacts of predation on prey fitness by reporting moderate to large effects on recruitment and illustrate the importance of indirect effects of predation on population dynamics.
Ants may buffer the Janzen–Connell effect in a tropical forest in Southwest China
Authors: Zhou Gang , Liu Jing‐Xin , Liu Jikun , Yang Jie , Qiao Xiujuan , Cao Min , Jiang Mingxi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMutualistic symbioses between ants and plants are widespread in nature. Ants can deter unwanted pests and provide protection for plants in return for food or housing rewards. Using a long‐term demographic dataset in a tropical seasonal rain forest in Southwest China, we found that associations with ants positively influenced seedling survival and adult growth, and also, species with extrafloral nectaries experienced weaker conspecific negative density dependence compared with species without extrafloral nectaries. Furthermore, we found strong evidence suggesting that species in our forest experienced conspecific density dependence, which we interpreted as heavy pest pressure that may drive the development of anti‐pest symbioses such as the plant–ant relationship. Our findings suggest that ants and conspecific neighbors play important but inverse roles on plant survival and growth and that ants can buffer tree neighborhood interactions in this tropical forest.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Chemo‐Selective C−C/C−N Bond Formation Reaction for the Highly Efficient Synthesis of Pyrazoles, Pyrazolo fused Pyrimidines and Pyridines
Authors: Goel Nikita , Kumar Pradeep , Bhagat Sunita 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPyrazoles and pyrazolo fused pyrimidines and pyridines are well known for their applications in various fields like pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and materials sciences. Keeping this in mind herein, we have developed the transition‐metal‐free approach for the chemo‐selective synthesis of the pyrazole and its derivatives from acetopheneones. The selectivity of the reaction can easily be tuned by shifting reaction from acidic to basic medium for the synthesis of pyrazolo‐pyrirmidines and pyrazolo‐pyridines respectively. The reaction shows excellent functional group tolerance in the form of −F, −Cl, −Br, −NMe2, −OH, −OMe, and −B(OH)2 in good yields.
Psychometric examination of the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory Short Form (MPFI‐24) and the Psy‐Flex Spanish versions in individuals with chronic pain
Authors: Navarrete Jaime , Rodríguez‐Freire Carla , Sanabria‐Mazo Juan P. , Martínez‐Rubio David , McCracken Lance M. , Gallego Ana , Sundstrom Felicia T. A. , Serrat Mayte , Alonso Jordi , Feliu‐Soler Albert , Nieto Rubén , Luciano Juan V. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has been found to be beneficial for individuals dealing with chronic pain. The theoretical mechanisms of change proposed by ACT are based on the Hexaflex model. To comprehensively reflect this model, the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI) and Psy‐Flex have been developed. The study aimed to adapt the MPFI‐24 and the Psy‐Flex for Spanish‐speaking populations with chronic pain and to examine their dimensionality, internal consistency, convergent validity and incremental validity.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study involved 309 Spanish‐speaking adults with chronic pain who completed an online survey. The majority of the participants were women (88.3%). The ages ranged from 18 to 79 years.ResultsFactor analysis showed that the Spanish version of the MPFI‐24 has 12 factors, consisting of six flexibility and six inflexibility factors, similar to the original version, but lacking second‐order general factors. The Psy‐Flex demonstrated a single‐factor structure, maintaining the general factor of psychological flexibility seen in the original version. The MPFI‐24 showed good internal consistency and adequate convergent validity, with the exception of the Acceptance and Experiential Avoidance subscales. The Psy‐Flex showed good internal consistency and convergent validity. Notably, both the MPFI‐24 and Psy‐Flex scores significantly explained additional variance in psychological distress beyond other ACT‐related measures of Hexaflex processes; however, only the Psy‐Flex explained pain interference.ConclusionsThe Spanish adaptations of the MPFI‐24 and Psy‐Flex are valid and reliable instruments for assessing the Hexaflex model processes in Spanish‐speaking adults with chronic pain.Significance StatementPractitioners and researchers in chronic pain will find the Spanish versions of the MPFI‐24 and the Psy‐Flex here, along with recommendations for their use and scoring based on a robust psychometric rationale. It should be noted that these measures surpass the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ) and the Psychological Inflexibility in Pain Scale (PIPS), which are considered gold standards in chronic pain assessment.
Interference management of cognitive IoT based on interference steering and alignment
Authors: Sun Zhen‐xing , Qian Jin‐bin , Liu Miao , Nan Chun‐ping , Sha Guo‐hui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the cognitive IoT spectrum sharing process, the complex interference environment leads to a low spectral efficiency of the licensed spectrum. To solve this problem, this article allows more cognitive users (CU) to access the licensed spectrum while ensuring reliable transmission of primary users (PU) by introducing the advanced interference steering (IS) technique. Traditional IS methods are only suitable for single‐user and single‐data‐stream scenarios. Meanwhile, these methods have many drawbacks in multi‐user and multi‐data‐stream scenarios. To overcome these drawbacks, two IS algorithms based on time division (TD) multiple access are proposed in this article, which are TD based equivalent interference sub‐channel interference steering (TD‐EI‐SCIS) and TD‐based sub‐channel interference steering (TD‐SCIS), respectively. Furthermore, considering the fact that PU has the highest communication quality priority in cognitive IoT, a joint interference management (JIM) scheme based on TD‐EI‐SCIS, TD‐SCIS, and partial interference alignment (PIA) is proposed to protect the PU. Simulation results show that the spectral efficiency (SE) of the PU in the proposed JIM scheme is not significantly improved compared with the proposed TD‐EI‐SCIS in the low SNR region. However, from the perspective of the total SE in the whole cognitive IoT system, TD‐EI‐SCIS is superior to the JIM about 3 to 4 bit/s/Hz on average. In the high SNR region, the JIM scheme significantly outperforms TD‐EI‐SCIS not only in terms of the SE of PU about 10 bit/s/Hz but also in the aspect of the SE in the total network about 7 bit/s/Hz on average.
A spectral element discretization for quasi‐static magnetohydrodynamic flows
Authors: Brynjell‐Rahkola Mattias 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe classical staggered spectral element method (SEM) is revisited and extended to quasi‐static magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows. In this realm, which is valid in the limit of vanishing magnetic Reynolds number, the evaluation of the Lorentz force in the momentum equation requires the electric current density, governed by Ohm's law and a charge conservation condition derived from Ampère's law, to be determined. Once discretized with the SEM, this translates into solving one additional problem for the electric potential involving the so‐called consistent Poisson operator. The method is well suited for fully three‐dimensional flows in complex geometries. Changes in resolution requirements aside, consideration of the electromagnetic quantities is estimated to increase the computational cost associated with MHD by about 40% relative to hydrodynamics. The accuracy and the capabilities of the scheme is demonstrated on a set of common flows from the MHD literature. Exponential convergence with polynomial order is confirmed for the electric current density.
Dynamic Returns Connectedness: Portfolio Hedging Implications During the COVID‐19 Pandemic and the Russia–Ukraine War
Authors: Rubbaniy Ghulame , Khalid Ali Awais , Syriopoulos Konstantinos , Polyzos Efstathios 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTWe apply a Time‐Varying Parameter Vector Auto Regressive (TVP‐VAR) connectedness approach on global assets to investigate time‐varying dynamic connectedness, portfolio performance, and hedge effectiveness during COVID‐19 and the Russia–Ukraine war. With increased connectedness and the changing role of energy and soft commodities during these two events, we find the minimum correlation (connectedness) portfolio performing better during COVID‐19 and the Russia–Ukraine war and that cumulative returns of portfolios are higher during COVID‐19. Additionally, we find varying (stable) hedge effectiveness of equity market indices and soft commodities (cryptocurrencies). This paper provides specific insights to investors about using optimal portfolios and hedging during pandemics and military conflicts.
A historical cohort study with 27,754 individuals on the association between meat consumption and gastrointestinal tract and colorectal cancer incidence
Authors: Dankner Rachel , Chetrit Angela , Avraham Sivan Ben , Agay Nirit , Kalter‐Leibovici Ofra , Goldbourt Uri , Saliba Walid , Keinan‐Boker Lital , Shahar Danit , Freedman Laurence S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn order to explore the association between meat consumption and gastrointestinal/colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and to estimate the Israeli population attributable fraction (PAF), we conducted a collaborative historical cohort study using the individual participant data of seven nutritional studies from the past 6 decades. We included healthy adult men and women who underwent a nutritional interview. Dietary assessment data, using food‐frequency or 24‐h recall questionnaires, were harmonized. The study file was linked to the National Cancer and death registries. Among 27,754 participants, 1216 (4.4%) were diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancers and 839 (3.0%) with CRC by the end of 2016. Using meta‐analysis methods applied to Cox proportional hazard models (adjusted for daily energy intake, sex, age, ethnic origin, education and smoking),100 g/day increments in beef, red meat and poultry consumption, and 50 g/day increment in processed meat consumption were associated with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals of 1.46 (1.06–2.02), 1.15 (0.87–1.52), 1.06 (0.89–1.26), and 0.93 (0.76–1.12), respectively, for CRC. Similar results were obtained for gastrointestinal cancer, although red meat consumption reached statistical significance (HR = 1.27; 95%CI: 1.02–1.58). The PAFs associated with a reduction to a maximum of 50 g/day in the consumption of red meat were 2.7% (95%CI: −1.9 to 12.0) and 5.2% (0.3–13.9) for CRC and gastrointestinal cancers, respectively. Reduction of beef consumption to a maximum of 50 g/day will result in a CRC PAF reduction of 7.5% (0.7%–24.3%). While beef consumption was associated with gastrointestinal/CRC excess risk, poultry consumption was not. A substantial part of processed meat consumption in Israel is processed poultry, perhaps explaining the lack of association with CRC.
Clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors of patients with surgically treated high‐grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Lyu Yan‐hong , Liu Hai‐xia , Han Xue , Yuan Peng , Wang Ming‐yi , He Yuan‐yuan , Ge Jun‐li , Zou Wei , Jing Ru , Xin Cai‐shi , Yang Hong , Chen Bi‐liang , Chen Gao‐wen , Li Jia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the prognostic factors and survival outcomes of patients with surgically treated high‐grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix (NECC).MethodsThis multicenter, retrospective study involved 98 cervical cancer patients with stage IA2–IIA2 and IIIC1/2p high‐grade NECC. We divided the patients into two groups based on histology: the pure and mixed groups. All clinicopathologic variables were retrospectively evaluated. Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier methods were used for analysis.ResultsIn our study, 60 patients were in the pure group and 38 patients were in the mixed group. Cox multivariate analysis showed that mixed histology was a protective factor impacting overall survival (OS) (P = 0.026) and progression free survival (PFS) (P = 0.018) in surgically treated high‐grade NECC. Conversely, survival outcomes were negatively impacted by ovarian preservation (OS: HR, 20.84; 95% CI: 5.02–86.57, P < 0.001), age >45 years (OS: HR, 4.50; 95% CI: 1.0–18.83, P = 0.039), tumor size >4 cm (OS: HR, 6.23; 95% CI: 2.34–16.61, P < 0.001), parity >3 (OS: HR, 4.50; 95% CI: 1.02–19.91, P = 0.048), and perineural invasion (OS: HR, 5.21; 95% CI: 1.20–22.53, P = 0.027). Kaplan–Meier survival curves revealed notable differences in histologic type (OS: P = 0.045; PFS: P = 0.024), chemotherapy (OS: P = 0.0056; PFS: P = 0.0041), ovarian preservation (OS: P = 0.00031; PFS: P = 0.0023), uterine invasion (OS: P < 0.0001; PFS: P < 0.0001), and depth of stromal invasion (OS: P = 0.043; PFS: P = 0.022).ConclusionPatients with mixed histologic types who undergo surgery for high‐grade NECC have a better prognosis. Meanwhile, ovarian preservation, tumor size >4 cm, parity >3, age >45 years and perineural invasion were poor prognostic predictors. Therefore, patients with high‐risk factors should be considered in clinical practice.
Introducing second‐trimester anatomic scanning for improved detection and management of congenital anomalies: Experience from a novice center in East Africa
Authors: Gudu Wondimu , Abdulkadir Abdulfatah , Wondafrash Mekitie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the current study was to describe the magnitude and pattern of congenital anomalies on routine second‐trimester ultrasound and its practical implication in the management of pregnant women with fetal anomalies at a novice center in East Africa.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted from September 2021 to May 2022 among women who had second‐trimester anatomic scanning. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 23.1. Ethical clearance was obtained from the hospital's institutional review board and informed consent was obtained.ResultsThe number of congenital anomalies was 45 of 1764 (2.55%). Most (41%) were in the age group 26–30 years and multigravida (62%). Average gestational age at anatomic scanning was 24 weeks. One or more risk factors for congenital anomalies were reported in 19 (31.0%) of the mothers. Most sonographic fetal abnormalities (51.7%) were reported in the central nervous system, followed by renal (18.0%) and skeletal (11.5%). Among the central nervous system anomalies, severe ventriculomegaly was the most common (38.7%), followed by Arnold‐Chiari malformation (19.4%). Thirty‐five (2%) of the mothers had a lethal fetal congenital anomaly and their pregnancy was terminated after counseling and informed consent.ConclusionsThe rate of congenital anomalies in this study is comparable with most international data. The introduction of second‐trimester anatomic scanning has led to timely termination of anomalous pregnancies, which contributes to reduction in direct and indirect costs of care and family's psychosocial distress and the stigma associated with the birth of and caring for a child with disability.