bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired Epithelial CD200L Tolerance Signaling in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Cases With Diarrhea May Be Associated With Recurrent Miscarriages
Authors: Clark David A. , Moayyedi Paul 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTProblemThere is a higher incidence of irritable bowel syndrome with miscarriages, and recurrent miscarriages of otherwise normal embryos have been linked to subnormal expression of the immune checkpoint inhibitor CD200L. We sought to determine if alterations in the expression of the CD200 immune checkpoint inhibitor occur in colonic tissue in IBS‐D patients.Method of StudyQuantitative immunohistochemical staining of biopsies from proximal and distal colon or rectum for the inhibitory CD200L and CD200S molecules was done. CD56 cells were also enumerated as they play a role in recurrent miscarriages and may express CD200S.ResultsCD200L was decreased and CD200S was unchanged in epithelium but not stroma of 3 IBS‐D cases. One case had an increase in both CD200L and CD200S. CD56 cells were also stained for CD200S. Degranulation was assessed by the percentage of extracellular CD200S that was increased as epithelial CD200L decreased.ConclusionsThis pilot study was promising and warrants a larger sample to determine if a correlation between uterine implantation site CD200L and CD200S expression in normal and failing implantation sites is needed. Colonic epithelial CD200L may then provide useful information about the pathogenesis of the spontaneous miscarriage in individual cases.
Characterization of Inflammation/Immune‐, Acute Phase‐, Extracellular Matrix‐, Adhesion‐, and Serine Protease‐Related Proteins in the Amniotic Fluid of Women With Early Preterm Prelabor Rupture of Membranes
Authors: Kim Hyeon Ji , Lee Kyong‐No , Park Kyo Hoon , Choi Bo Young , Cho Iseop , Lee Min Jung 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTProblemTo determine whether altered concentrations of various inflammation/immune‐, acute phase‐, extracellular matrix‐, adhesion‐, and serine protease‐related proteins in the amniotic fluid (AF) are independently associated with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and/or intra‐amniotic inflammation (MIAC/IAI), imminent spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD; ≤7 days), and major neonatal morbidity/mortality (NMM) in women with early preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM).Method of StudyThis was a retrospective cohort study involving 111 singleton pregnant women with PPROM (24–31 weeks) undergoing amniocentesis to diagnose MIAC/IAI. The following proteins were measured in stored AF samples by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA): APRIL, DKK‐3, Gal‐3BP, IGFBP‐2, IL‐8, VDBP, lumican, MMP‐2, MMP‐8, SPARC, TGFBI, TGF‐β1, E‐selectin, ICAM‐5, P‐selectin, haptoglobin, hepcidin, SAA1, kallistatin, and uPA.ResultsMultivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that (i) elevated APRIL, IL‐8, MMP‐8, and TGFBI levels in the AF, reduced lumican and SPARC levels in the AF, and high percentages of samples above the lower limit of quantification for AF TGF‐β1 and uPA were significantly associated with MIAC/IAI; (ii) elevated AF levels of IL‐8 and MMP‐8 were significantly associated with SPTD within 7 days; and (iii) elevated AF IL‐6 levels were significantly associated with increased risk for major NMM, when adjusted for baseline covariates.ConclusionECM (lumican, SPRAC, TGFBI, and TGF‐β1)‐ and serine protease (uPA)‐associated proteins in the AF are involved in the regulation of the host response to infection/inflammation in the amniotic cavity, whereas AF inflammation (IL‐8, MMP‐8, and IL‐6)‐associated mediators are implicated in the development of preterm parturition and major NMM in early PPROM.
Bulbs and Biopower: Managing Produce and Price in the Age of Agri‐Logistics
Authors: Matthan Tanya 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper deploys the material and discursive politics of storage as a lens into agrarian change in rural India. Focusing on onions (Allium cepa), a price volatile crop and a kitchen staple, it maps out the contested meanings of and motivations for storage among growers, governments, and agri‐logistics companies. Specifically, this paper asks why storage is increasingly positioned as a key solution to the problem of price instability. This emphasis, I argue, represents a distinct regime of agrarian biopower that seeks to intervene into the physical properties of the bulb to extend its material life, and thereby, manage produce, prices, and populations. In doing so, however, fundamental issues of social inequality and guaranteed prices are bypassed. Moreover, innovations in storage technologies lay the grounds for the entry of corporate capital into agriculture. Ultimately, techno‐capital‐intensive biopolitical infrastructures of storage portend the restructuring of India's agrarian economy in favour of elite farmers and agri‐logistics firms by circumventing the issue of a fixed and fair price for producers and consumers.
Reference ranges of peripheral‐muscle oxygenation in term neonates delivered by Caesarean section during immediate transition after birth
Authors: Wolfsberger Christina H. , Hoeller Nina , Baik‐Schneditz Nariae , Schwaberger Bernhard , Suppan Ena , Mileder Lukas P. , Avian Alexander , Schlatzer Christoph , Urlesberger Berndt , Pichler Gerhard 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimTo establish reference ranges of peripheral‐muscle regional oxygen saturation (prSO2) and peripheral fractional tissue oxygen extraction (pFTOE) during the first 15 min after birth in stable term neonates.MethodsSecondary outcome parameters of prospective observational studies in healthy term neonates delivered by Caesarean section were analysed. prSO2 was measured on the right forearm using the INVOS 5100C monitor. pFTOE was calculated out of prSO2 and arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2). Centile charts (10th–90th) of prSO2 and pFTOE were defined during the first 15 min after birth.ResultsThree‐hundred‐five term neonates with a mean gestational age and birth weight of 39.0 ± 0.9 weeks and 3321 ± 454 g, respectively, were included. The 50th centiles of prSO2 were 39% (minute two), 52% (minute five), 71% (minute 10), and 73% (minute 15). The 50th centiles of pFTOE were 0.529 (minute two), 0.378 (minute five), 0.237 (minute 10), and 0.231 (minute 15).ConclusionReference ranges of prSO2 and pFTOE were established for term neonates delivered by Caesarean section during the immediate transition after birth. These reference ranges increase knowledge of physiological processes taking place immediately after birth and are necessary for possible future clinical applications.
Preterm birth and risk of hospitalisation for complex chronic conditions during childhood and adolescence
Authors: Côté‐Corriveau Gabriel , St‐Georges Juliette , Luu Thuy Mai , Ayoub Aimina , Auger Nathalie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimTo examine the relationship between preterm birth and hospitalisation for paediatric complex chronic conditions.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study of 1 269 745 children born between 2006 and 2022 in Quebec, Canada. We classified preterm birth as extreme (<28 weeks), very (28–31 weeks), and moderate (32–36 weeks). The outcome was hospitalisation for complex chronic conditions, including neurologic, neuromuscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal, haematologic, immunologic, endocrine, and neoplastic disorders up to 16 years of age. We computed adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between preterm birth and complex chronic conditions during 9 948 734 person‐years of follow‐up.ResultsHospitalisation rates for complex chronic conditions were higher for children born preterm than at term (6.88 vs. 2.24 per 1000 person‐years). Preterm birth was associated with all complex chronic conditions, especially respiratory (HR 4.64, 95% CI 4.01–5.37), cardiovascular (HR 3.68, 95% CI 3.47–3.90), and neurologic disorders (HR 3.48, 95% CI 3.21–3.77). Associations were present at all ages and for all degrees of prematurity, but were strongest with extreme prematurity.ConclusionPreterm birth increases the risk of hospitalisation for complex chronic conditions up to age 16 years. Preterm children may benefit from enhanced care throughout childhood and adolescence.
Morbidity in giant omphaloceles: Predictive factors and management strategies
Authors: Martou Laura , Saxena Amulya K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimTo identify predictors of morbidity in GO through an analysis of associated anomalies, defect characteristics and management strategies.MethodsPubMed and Ovid EMBASE databases were searched from 2013 to 2023. Primary end points assessed correlation of morbidity with gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW), eviscerated organs, defect size, associated anomalies and management strategy.ResultsTwenty articles were included for analysis with a total of 1009 GO. Median GA was 37 weeks (27–41), with a median BW of 2700 g (900–6000). 143 cardiovascular anomalies, 238 pulmonary anomalies, 98 musculoskeletal anomalies, 53 urogenital anomalies, 94 gastrointestinal anomalies, 11 neurological anomalies and 43 chromosomal anomalies were identified. 82 had unspecified additional anomalies, of which 20 and 17 were defined as major and minor, respectively. 123 neonates were managed with primary closure, 206 neonates with staged closure and 312 neonates with conservative treatment. Complications included sepsis, respiratory compromise, feeding dysfunction and closure‐related adverse events. Long‐term morbidity included home ventilation (n = 72), long‐term parental nutrition (n = 36), and delayed motor neurodevelopment (n = 21). Main predictors of morbidity were pulmonary hypertension/hypoplasia, major congenital anomalies, greater defect size and liver herniation.ConclusionKey predictors of poor outcomes include the presence of additional congenital anomalies, defect size, liver herniation and pulmonary hypertension/hypoplasia.
Decreased T‐cell response against latent cytomegalovirus infection does not correlate with anti‐IFN autoantibodies in patients with APECED
Authors: Hetemäki Iivo , Heikkilä Nelli , Peterson Pärt , Kekäläinen Eliisa , Willcox Nick , Anette S. B. Wolff , Jarva Hanna , Arstila T Petteri 
Published: August 2024

Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy‐candidiasis‐ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is an inborn error of immunity affecting both multiple endocrine organs and susceptibility to candidiasis, each with an autoimmune basis. Recently, high titer neutralizing anti‐type I interferon (IFN) autoantibodies have been linked with increased severity of SARS‐CoV‐2 and varicella zoster virus infections in APECED patients. Examining immunity against cytomegalovirus (CMV), we found a higher prevalence of anti‐CMV IgG antibodies in patients with APECED (N = 19) than in 44 healthy controls (90% vs 64%, p = 0.04); the similar difference in their IgG levels did not achieve significance (95 ± 74 vs 64 ± 35 IU/mL, ns.). In contrast, the frequency of CMV‐specific T cells was lower (804 ± 718/million vs 1591 ± 972/million PBMC p = 0.03). We saw no correlations between levels of anti‐CMV IgG and anti‐IFN antibodies in APECED patients or in a separate cohort of patients with thymoma (n = 70), over 60% of whom also had anti‐IFN antibodies. Our results suggest a dysregulated response to CMV in APECED patients and highlight immunodeficiency to viral infections as part of the disease spectrum.
Impact of HCV eradication on recurrence pattern and long‐term outcomes in patients with HCV‐related hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Wu Kuo‐Cheng , Lee I‐Cheng , Chi Chen‐Ta , Liu Chien‐An , Chiu Nai‐Chi , Hsu Shao‐Jung , Lee Pei‐Chang , Wu Chi‐Jung , Luo Jiing‐Chyuan , Hou Ming‐Chih , Huang Yi‐Hsiang 
Published: August 2024

SummaryBackgroundThe benefits of HCV eradication on distinct recurrence patterns and long‐term hepatic outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing radiofrequency ablation (RFA) remain uncertain. This study aims to assess the impact of HCV eradication on HCC recurrence patterns and long‐term hepatic outcomes after RFA and to identify predictors of recurrence in patients achieving sustained virological response (SVR).MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 274 patients receiving RFA for HCV‐related HCC, including 73 and 88 patients treated with interferon‐based (IFN) and direct‐acting antivirals (DAA) therapy, respectively. We analysed factors associated with local tumour progression (LTP), distant recurrence, overall survival, and hepatic decompensation.ResultsSVR was achieved in 49.3% of patients undergoing IFN therapy and 93.2% of patients undergoing DAA therapy. HCV eradication was not associated with LTP but significantly correlated with reduced risk of distant recurrence (by DAA: hazard ratio (HR) = 0.449, p = 0.006), overall survival (by IFN: HR = 0.242, p < 0.001; by DAA: HR = 0.274, p < 0.001) and hepatic decompensation (by IFN: HR = 0.313, p = 0.004; by DAA: HR = 0.281, p < 0.001). The benefits of achieving SVR in terms of overall survival and hepatic decompensation remained significant in subgroups of patients with and without recurrence. Patients with SVR showed a significant decline in FIB‐4 score and a higher proportion of ALBI grade improvement. Among SVR patients, the IMbrave050 criteria predicted LTP but not distant recurrence, whereas the FIB‐4 score after SVR, rather than the baseline FIB‐4, predicted distant recurrence.ConclusionsHCV eradication was associated with a significant reduction in distant recurrence, mortality and hepatic decompensation following RFA in patients with HCV‐related HCC.
That's my autocrat: Self‐uncertainty elevates support for autocratic leadership during Canada's Freedom Convoy
Authors: Kincaid Kathryn M. , Ma Angela C. , Rast David E. , Hogg Michael A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCanada's 2022 Freedom Convoy protests and blockades caused significant disruption, and many Canadians advocated for strong, forceful, and even autocratic responses from their government. In democratic nations, autocratic leadership is typically seen as undesirable and receives less support than democratic leadership. However, when group members experience significant identity‐related self‐uncertainty, they may have an accentuated desire for strong, directive leadership to help manage the uncertainty. Canadian participants (N = 406) reported their level of self‐uncertainty, rated how autocratic they perceived Prime Minister Justin Trudeau to be, reported their level of support for Justin Trudeau, and reported their support for strong responses to the Freedom Convoy. Self‐uncertainty moderated the relationship between leadership style and leader support. Perceived autocratic leadership style predicted significantly less leader support, but this relationship was weakened among participants high in self‐uncertainty, who reported increased support for an autocratic leader. Further, self‐uncertainty predicted a greater desire for a strong leader, willingness to restrict civil liberties, and support for expanded government powers. These results suggest that the typical preference for democratic leadership weakens when self‐uncertainty is elevated.Public significance statementUncertainty about one's identity lays the groundwork for autocratic leadership to emerge. Elevated self‐uncertainty was associated with a greater desire for a strong leader who is willing to challenge democratic values and practices, a greater willingness to restrict civil liberties, greater support for expanded government powers in response to a national crisis, and greater support for a national leader perceived as autocratic.
Prescriptions of anti‐reflux drugs in neonatology and neonatal intensive care units: A large multicentre observational study (2014–2022)
Authors: Tauzin Manon , Gouyon Béatrice , Liu Jiao , Lapillonne Alexandre , Lorrain Simon , Bellaiche Marc , Jung Camille ,   LOGIPREN Collaborative Working Group
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsGastro‐oesophageal reflux is common in newborns, especially in premature infants. Treatment by medication is controversial as the drugs prescribed have not been consistently proven to be effective and are known to have adverse effects. This study sought to identify trends in the prescription of anti‐reflux medication in a large group of French neonatal units.MethodsData on prescriptions of anti‐reflux treatments—proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), antacids, histamine‐2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), and prokinetics—from 2014 to 2022 for infants with a corrected gestational age <45 weeks, were extracted from a prescription database (Logipren®) used by 63 French neonatal units, and then analysed.ResultsOf all infants recorded in the database during the study period (n = 152 743), 10.2% (n = 15 650) were prescribed anti‐reflux medication (95% confidence interval [CI] 10.0–10.4%), mainly as monotherapy (77.5%). The rate was higher in the subgroup of preterm infants born before 28 weeks of gestation (n = 9493) (20.6%, 95% CI 19.8–21.4%; n = 1956). PPIs were the most commonly prescribed anti‐reflux medications (6.9% of infants, 95% CI 6.8–7.0), followed by antacids (5.2%, 95% CI 5.1–5.3%), while H2RAs and prokinetics were rarely prescribed. Over the period, the prescription rate remained stable for PPIs, decreased for H2RAs (τ = −0.86, P = .02), and, among preterm infants born at gestational ages of 28–31 or 32–36 weeks, increased for antacids.ConclusionsAnti‐reflux medications were frequently prescribed by neonatal units, especially for extremely premature infants. Most of these prescriptions were for PPIs and antacids.
Under which conditions do unions succeed in pushing back dualization? A configurational study of collective agreements in Portugal
Authors: Marques Paulo , Benassi Chiara , Costa Ana , Pinto André 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article explores the conditions under which unions achieve inclusive outcomes for nonstandard workers in their collective agreements. Using fsQCA, it compares 52 collective agreements signed in Portugal between 2003 and 2019. Additionally, it reports on three short case studies. Results show that the unions’ potential to mobilize resources in favour of outsiders is crucial and is due to either high union density or unions’ class‐oriented ideology. However, although a high potential to mobilize resources is necessary, it is not sufficient for pro‐outsider provisions in collective agreements. In a context of growing liberalization of industrial relations, unions only include these clauses in their collective agreements in one of the following circumstances: (i) the combination of high union density and sectoral growth, (ii) the combination of a class‐oriented union signing the agreement and low employer density and (iii) the combination of high union density and a class‐oriented union signing the agreement.
Outcomes after laser enucleation of the prostate with and without significant storage symptoms
Authors: Cano Garcia Cristina , Welte Maria , Filzmayer Maximilian , Bongardt Pia , Schlesinger Fiona , Nikolov Ivan , Tian Zhe , Karakiewicz Pierre I. , Kluth Luis A. , Mandel Philipp , Chun Felix K. H. , Kosiba Marina , Becker Andreas 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveTo test for differences in recovery of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) between patients with storage‐positive vs ‐negative symptoms after laser enucleation of the prostate (LEP).Patients and methodsConsecutive storage‐positive (severe storage symptoms, International Prostate Symptom Score [IPSS] storage subscore >8) vs storage‐negative patients treated with LEP (November 2017–September 2022) within our tertiary‐care database were identified. Mixed linear models tested for changes in IPSS and quality of life (QoL) at 1, 3 and 12 months after LEP. Multiple linear regression models tested for LUTS and QoL recovery risk factors at 1, 3 and 12 months.ResultsOf 291 study patients, 180 (62%) had storage‐positive symptoms. There were no differences between storage‐positive and ‐negative patients in mean adjusted total IPSS, IPSS‐storage, IPSS‐voiding and QoL at 12 months after LEP. In multiple linear regression models, storage‐positive status was identified as a risk factor for higher IPSS at 1 month (β coefficient 2.98, P = 0.004) and 3 months (β coefficient 2.24, P = 0.04), as well as for more unfavourable QoL at 1 month (β coefficient 0.74, P = 0.006) and 3 months (β coefficient 0.73, P = 0.004) after LEP. Conversely, at 12 months there were no differences between storage‐positive vs ‐negative patients.ConclusionStorage‐positive patients appear to experience similar long‐term benefits from LEP compared to storage‐negative patients. However, significant storage symptoms are associated with higher total IPSS and less favourable QoL at 1 and 3 months after LEP. These findings advocate for the consideration of LEP also in storage‐positive cases with the need for thorough patient education especially in the initial post‐LEP period.
Short‐term climatic oscillations versus long‐term delta propagation: Controls on sand transport into the deep Levant Basin since the Pliocene
Authors: Sirota Ido , Ben Dor Yoav , Gvirtzman Zohar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSand transport and its deposition in deep marine basins are controlled by diverse climatic, tectonic, physiographic and oceanographic processes. Disentangling the impact of each of these drivers on the sedimentary record is a fundamental challenge in the study of source to sink systems. In this study, we investigate seismic and borehole data by combining statistical and spectral analyses to identify the factors controlling sand deposition in the deep Levant Basin (Eastern Mediterranean) during the Pliocene–Quaternary (PQ). We interpret the sand content in boreholes from gamma ray (GR) logs and identify two major trends in sand/shale ratios. On a million‐year scale, we demonstrate that since the Early Pliocene (5.3 Ma), sand content gradually increased until it formed a ca. 100 m thick and widespread sheet of sand at the top of the section. On a shorter time scale, we identify oscillations in sand content depicting significant power of periodic components at the 350–450 ky, 90–150 ky and 10s ky bands. The long‐term increase in sand content reaching the deep Levant Basin is interpreted as a result of the Nile Delta propagation, which had continuously shortened the distance between the edge of the Nile delta that is the source of sand, and the deep Levant Basin. The superimposed short‐term oscillations are interpreted as Milanković cycles, reflecting hydroclimatic oscillations of water and sediment discharge into the Eastern Mediterranean Sea by the Nile River. This demonstrates the hydroclimatic control on sand deposition in the deep Levant Basin. Our observations are consistent with the development of a submarine channel system along with the accretion of the Nile delta, which may have served as a pathway for sand delivery via high‐energy turbidity currents that reached the Levant Basin.
Strong cultural connectedness buffers urban American Indian children from the negative effects of stress on mental health
Authors: Tsethlikai Monica , Korous Kevin , Kim Juyoung 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe explored whether urban American Indian (AI) caregivers who maintained a strong sense of cultural connectedness buffered their children from the negative effects of stress on mental health. A community sample of 161 urban AI children (91 girls) ages 8–15 years (M = 11.20 years) and their primary caregivers participated between 2016 and 2017. Caregiver cultural connectedness moderated associations among child stressful life events and increased anger (R
2 = .13) and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (R
2 = .15). For caregivers with greater cultural connectedness, associations were attenuated and not significant. Higher hair cortisol was related to increased depressive (R
2 = .11), anxiety (R
2 = .10), and PTSD (R
2 = .15) symptoms and was not moderated by cultural connectedness.