bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical education and the quality improvement spiral: A case study from Mpumalanga, South Africa
Authors: Bac Martin , Bergh Anne-Marie , Etsane Mama E. , Hugo Jannie 
Published: May 2015

Background: The short timeframe of medical students’ rotations is not always conducive to successful, in-depth quality-improvement projects requiring a more longitudinal approach.Aim: To describe the process of inducting students into a longitudinal quality-improvement project,using the topic of the Mother- and Baby-Friendly Initiative as a case study; and to explore the possible contribution of a quality-improvement project to the development of student competencies.Setting: Mpumalanga clinical learning centres, where University of Pretoria medical students did their district health rotations.Method: Consecutive student groups had to engage with a hospital’s compliance with specific steps of the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding that form the standards for the Mother- and Baby-Friendly Initiative. Primary data sources included an on-site PowerPoint group presentation (n = 42), a written group report (n = 42) and notes of individual interviews in an end-of-rotation objectively structured clinical examination station (n = 139).Results: Activities in each rotation varied according to the needs identified through the application of the quality-improvement cycle in consultation with the local health team. The development of student competencies is described according to the roles of a medical expert in the CanMEDS framework: collaborator, health advocate, scholar, communicator, manager and professional. The exposure to the real-life situation in South African public hospitals had a great influence on many students, who also acted as catalysts for transforming practice.Conclusion: Service learning and quality-improvement projects can be successfully integrated in one rotation and can contribute to the development of the different roles of a medical expert. More studies could provide insight into the potential of this approach in transforming institutions and student learning.
Nonlinear Vertical Vibration of Tension Leg Platforms with Homotopy Analysis Method
Authors: Reza Arash , Sedighi Hamid M. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractOne of the useful methods for offshore oil exploration in the deep regions is the use of tension leg platforms (TLP). The effective mass fluctuating of the structure which due to its vibration can be noted as one of the important issues about these platforms. With this description, dynamic analysis of these structures will play a significant role in their design. Differential equations of motion of such systems are nonlinear and providing a useful method for its analysis is very important. Also, the amount of added mass coefficient has a direct effect on the level of nonlinearity of partial differential equation of these systems. In this study, Homotopy analysis method has been used for closed form solution of the governing differential equation. Linear springs have been used for modeling the stiffness of this system and the effects of torsion, bending and damping of water have been ignored. In the study of obtained results, the effect of added mass coefficient has been investigated. The results show that increasing of this coefficient decreases the bottom amplitude of fluctuations and the system frequency. The obtained results from this method are in good agreement with the published results on the valid articles.
Heat Transfer in an Upper Convected Maxwell Fluid with Fluid Particle Suspension
Authors: Vajravelu K. , Prasad K. V. , Santhi S. R. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAn analysis is carried out to study the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow and heat transfer characteristics of an electrically conducting dusty non-Newtonian fluid, namely, the upper convected Maxwell (UCM) fluid over a stretching sheet. The stretching velocity and the temperature at the surface are assumed to vary linearly with the distance from the origin. Using a similarity transformation, the governing nonlinear partial differential equations of the model problem are transformed into coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations and the equations are solved numerically by a second order finite difference implicit method known as the Keller-box method. Comparisons with the available results in the literature are presented as a special case. The effects of the physical parameters on the fluid velocity, the velocity of the dust particle, the density of the dust particle, the fluid temperature, the dust-phase temperature, the skin friction, and the wall-temperature gradient are presented through tables and graphs. It is observed that, Maxwell fluid reduces the wall-shear stress. Also, the fluid particle interaction reduces the fluid temperature in the boundary layer. Furthermore, the results obtained for the flow and heat transfer characteristics reveal many interesting behaviors that warrant further study on the non-Newtonian fluid flow phenomena, especially the dusty UCM fluid flow phenomena.
A Local Fractional Taylor Expansion and Its Computation for Insufficiently Smooth Functions
Authors: Liu Zhifang , Wang Tongke , Gao Guanghua 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA general fractional Taylor formula and its computation for insufficiently smooth functions are discussed. The Aitken delta square method and epsilon algorithm are implemented to compute the critical orders of the local fractional derivatives, from which more critical orders are recovered by analysing the regular pattern of the fractional Taylor formula. The Richardson extrapolation method is used to calculate the local fractional derivatives with critical orders. Numerical examples are provided to verify the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of our approach.
Hall MHD and Electron Inertia Effects in Current Sheet Formation at a Magnetic Neutral Line
Authors: Litvinenko Yuri E. , McMahon Liam C. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAn exact self-similar solution is used to investigate current sheet formation at a magnetic neutral line in incompressible Hall magnetohydrodynamics. The collapse to a current sheet is modelled as a finite-time singularity in the solution for electric current density at the neutral line. We establish that a finite-time collapse to the current sheet can occur in Hall magnetohydrodynamics, and we find a criterion for the finite-time singularity in terms of the initial conditions. We derive an asymptotic solution for the singularity formation and a formula for the singularity formation time. The analytical results are illustrated by numerical solutions, and we also investigate an alternative similarity reduction. Finally, we generalise our solution to incorporate resistive, viscous and electron inertia terms.
Algebraic Theory of Two-Grid Methods
Authors: Notay Yvan 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAbout thirty years ago, Achi Brandt wrote a seminal paper providing a convergence theory for algebraic multigrid methods [Appl. Math. Comput., 19 (1986), pp. 23–56]. Since then, this theory has been improved and extended in a number of ways, and these results have been used in many works to analyze algebraic multigrid methods and guide their developments. This paper makes a concise exposition of the state of the art. Results for symmetric and nonsymmetric matrices are presented in a unified way, highlighting the influence of the smoothing scheme on the convergence estimates. Attention is also paid to sharp eigenvalue bounds for the case where one uses a single smoothing step, allowing straightforward application to deflation-based preconditioners and two-level domain decomposition methods. Some new results are introduced whenever needed to complete the picture, and the material is self-contained thanks to a collection of new proofs, often shorter than the original ones.
Multigrid Methods with Newton-Gauss-Seidel Smoothing and Constraint Preserving Interpolation for Obstacle Problems
Authors: Wu Chunxiao , Wan Justin W.L. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a multigrid algorithm based on the full approximate scheme for solving the membrane constrained obstacle problems and the minimal surface obstacle problems in the formulations of HJB equations. A Newton-Gauss-Seidel (NGS) method is used as smoother. A Galerkin coarse grid operator is proposed for the membrane constrained obstacle problem. Comparing with standard FAS with the direct discretization coarse grid operator, the FAS with the proposed operator converges faster. A special prolongation operator is used to interpolate functions accurately from the coarse grid to the fine grid at the boundary between the active and inactive sets. We will demonstrate the fast convergence of the proposed multigrid method for solving two model obstacle problems and compare the results with other multigrid methods.
Review of Methods Inspired by Algebraic-Multigrid for Data and Image Analysis Applications
Authors: Galun Meirav , Basri Ronen , Yavneh Irad 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAlgebraic Multigrid (AMG) methods were developed originally for numerically solving Partial Differential Equations (PDE), not necessarily on structured grids. In the last two decades solvers inspired by the AMG approach, were developed for non PDE problems, including data and image analysis problems, such as clustering, segmentation, quantization and others. These solvers share a common principle in that there is a crosstalk between fine and coarse representations of the problems, with flow of information in both directions, fine-to-coarse and coarse-to-fine. This paper surveys some of these problems and the AMG-inspired algorithms for their solution.
The LANDFIRE Refresh Strategy: Updating the National Dataset
Authors: Nelson Kurtis J. , Connot Joel , Peterson Birgit , Martin Charley 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe LANDFIRE Program provides comprehensive vegetation and fuel datasets for the entire United States. As with many large-scale ecological datasets, vegetation and landscape conditions must be updated periodically to account for disturbances, growth, and natural succession. The LANDFIRE Refresh effort was the first attempt to consistently update these products nationwide. It incorporated a combination of specific systematic improvements to the original LANDFIRE National data, remote sensing based disturbance detection methods, field collected disturbance information, vegetation growth and succession modeling, and vegetation transition processes. This resulted in the creation of two complete datasets for all 50 states: LANDFIRE Refresh 2001, which includes the systematic improvements, and LANDFIRE Refresh 2008, which includes the disturbance and succession updates to the vegetation and fuel data. The new datasets are comparable for studying landscape changes in vegetation type and structure over a decadal period, and provide the most recent characterization of fuel conditions across the country. The applicability of the new layers is discussed and the effects of using the new fuel datasets are demonstrated through a fire behavior modeling exercise using the 2011 Wallow Fire in eastern Arizona as an example.
Contrasting Fire Regimes in a Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest and a Savanna Ecosystem in the Western Ghats, India
Authors: Kodandapani Narendran 
Published: May 2015

AbstractTropical dry forests and savannas constitute more than half of all tropical forests and grasslands, but little is known about forest fire regimes within these two extensive types of ecosystems. Forest fire regimes in a predominantly dry forest in India, the Nilgiri landscape, and a predominantly savanna ecosystem in the Sathyamangalam landscape, were examined. Remote sensing data were applied to delineate burned areas, determine fire size characteristics, and to estimate fire-rotation intervals. Belt transects (0.5 ha) were used to estimate forest structure, diversity, and fuel loads. Mean area burned, mean number of fires, and mean fire size per year were substantially higher in the Nilgiri landscape compared to the Sathyamangalam landscape. Mean fire-rotational interval was 7.1 yr in the Nilgiri landscape and 44.1 yr in the Sathyamangalam landscape. Tree (≥10 cm diameter at breast height) species diversity, tree density, and basal area were significantly higher in the Nilgiri landscape compared to the Sathyamangalam landscape. Total fuel loads were significantly higher in tropical dry and moist deciduous forests in the Nilgiri landscape, but total fuel loads were higher in the tropical dry thorn forests of the Sathyamangalam landscape. Thus, the two landscapes revealed contrasting fire regimes and forest characteristics, with more and four-fold larger fires in the Nilgiri landscape. The dry forests and savannas could be maintained by a combination of factors, such as fire, grazing pressures, and herbivore populations. Understanding the factors maintaining these two ecosystems will be critical for their conservation.
Predicting Burned Areas of Forest Fires: an Artificial Intelligence Approach
Authors: Castelli Mauro , Vanneschi Leonardo , Popovič Aleš 
Published: May 2015

AbstractForest fires importantly influence our environment and lives. The ability of accurately predicting the area that may be involved in a forest fire event may help in optimizing fire management efforts. Given the complexity of the task, powerful computational tools are needed for predicting the amount of area that will be burned during a forest fire. The purpose of this study was to develop an intelligent system based on genetic programming for the prediction of burned areas, using only data related to the forest under analysis and meteorological data. We used geometric semantic genetic programming based on recently defined geometric semantic genetic operators for genetic programming. Experimental results, achieved using a database of 517 forest fire events between 2000 and 2003, showed the appropriateness of the proposed system for the prediction of the burned areas. In particular, results obtained with geometric semantic genetic programming were significantly better than those produced by standard genetic programming and other state of the art machine learning methods on both training and out-of-sample data. This study suggests that deeper investigation of genetic programming in the field of forest fires prediction may be productive.
A unifying approach to the difference operators and their applications
Authors: Baliarsingh Pinakadhar , Dutta S. 
Published: May 2015

In the present paper, we introduce the idea of difference operators $\Delta^\alpha$ and $\Delta^{(\alpha)} (\alpha\in\mathbb{R})$ and establish certain results which have several applications in Functional as well as Numerical analysis. Indeed, the operator $\Delta^\alpha$ generalizes several difference operators defined by K\i zmaz [1], Et [2], Et and \c{C}olak [3], Malkowsky and Parashar [4], Et [5], Malkowsky et al. [6], Baliarsingh [7] and many others (see [8-15]).
On the Fourier transform of the products of M-Wright functions
Authors: Ansari Alireza 
Published: May 2015

In this note, by applying the Bromwich's integral for the inverse Mellin transform we find a new integral representation for the M-Wright function $$ M_\alpha(x)=\sum _{k=0}^{\infty }\frac{(-x)^{k} }{k!\Gamma (-\alpha k+1-\alpha )},\quad \alpha=\frac{1}{2n+1}, n\in \mathbb{N},$$ and state the Fourier transform of this function. Also, using the new integral representations for the products of the M-Wright functions, we get the Fourier transform of it.
Recorregut de recerca geològica i mineralògica per les comarques del Baix Camp i del Priorat: des de les Borges del Camp a l´Alforja i a la Mussara
Authors: Mata Perelló Josep Maria , Sanz Balagué Joaquim 
Published: May 2015

Itinerari realitzat el 24 de maig de 2014. En aquesta ocasió, el recorregut de l´itinerari discorrerà, en la seva major part pel sistema Mediterrani (i més concretament per la seva sots-unitat més interna, la Serralada Prelitoral Catalana). Així, discorrerà pràcticament entre les Borges del Camp, l´Alforja i la Mussara, tot passant per les immediacions de Cornudella de Montsant i de l´Arbolí. Tot i així, també cal dir que també discorrerà, però molt inicialment, per la Depressió Prelitoral Catalana (també del Sistema Mediterrani), per les immediacions de Borges del Camp. Tot i així, la totalitat del recorregut transitarà exclusivament per la Serralada Prelitoral Catalana. Així doncs, el recorregut de l´itinerari s´iniciarà a la segona sots-unitat geològica, però s´haurà començat en realitat a la Depressió Prelitoral Catalana, per la qual discorrerà pel poble de les Borges del Camp. Després, de sobrepassar aquesta població es penetrarà a la Serralada Prelitoral Catalana, per la qual es transitarà fins a la finalització a la Mussara. Per altra banda, la totalitat del recorregut es realitzarà quasi totalment per dintre de la comarca del Baix Camp, des la localitat de les Borges del Camp fins a l´esmentada de la Mussara. Tot i així s´haurà entrat breument a la comarca del Priorat, tot fent una fillola des del Coll d´Alforja.
Recorregut de recerca geològica i mineralògica per les comarques del Baix Camp, del Priorat i de la Conca de Barberà: des de Prades al Coll Roig, a Ulldemolins i a Vilanova de Prades
Authors: Mata Perelló Josep Maria , Sanz Balagué Joaquim 
Published: May 2015

Itinerari realitzat el 24 de maig de 2014. En aquesta ocasió, el recorregut de l´itinerari discorrerà, en la seva quasi totalitat pel Sistema Mediterrani (més concretament per la Serralada Prelitoral Catalana). Tot i així, en alguns trams ho farà molt prop de la Depressió Geològica de l´Ebre (pel seu sector corresponent a la Depressió Central); inclús i penetrarà lleugerament dintre d´aquesta unitat, pels voltants de les poblacions d´Ulldemolins i de Vilanova de Prades. Així, dintre de la primera unitat geològica, es transitarà quasi al llarg de tot el recorregut, entre Prades i les immediacions del Coll Roig. A partir d´aquí, s´anirà sempre per les immediacions del contacte entre aquesta unitat geològica i l´esmentada Depressió Geològica de l´Ebre; i tal com s´ha dit, en alguns trams es transitarà per aquesta unitat geològica. Per altra banda, la totalitat del recorregut s´haurà desenvolupat per la Regió de Reus, iniciant-se a la comarca del Baix Camp (a la població de Prades). Després, el recorregut entrarà a la comarca del Priorat (per on es transitarà entre Albarca, Ulldemolins i la carretera a Vilanova de Prades). Finalment, s´entrarà a la comarca de la Conca de Barberà (per on finalitzarà el recorregut de l´itinerari, prop de Vilanova de Prades).
Recorregut de recerca geològica i mineralògica per les comarques de la Conca de Barberà i del Baix Camp: des de les masies de Poblet a la Pena, a la Mina Atrevida, al Pont de Castellfollit i a Prades
Authors: Mata Perelló Josep Maria , Sanz Balagué Joaquim 
Published: May 2015

Itinerari realitzat el 30 de maig de 2014. En aquesta ocasió, es realitzarà un recorregut geològic i mineralògic a través de diferents indrets de la comarca de la Conca de Barberà, primer entre les Masies de Poblet (de l´Espluga de Francolí) anant cap a les immediacions del Monestir de Poblet i posteriorment cap a la Mina Atrevida i els voltants de Castellfollit, anant després cap a Prades, per on finalitzarà, dintre ja de la comarca del Baix Camp. El recorregut de l´itinerari s´iniciarà a la zona de contacte entre la Depressió Geològica de l´Ebre, i el Sistema Mediterrani (Serralada Prelitoral Catalana) cap a les immediacions de les Masies de Poblet; tot i així, la pràctica totalitat del recorregut de l´itinerari es durà a terme per l´esmentada Serralada Prelitoral Catalana, una de les sots-unitats que integren el Sistema Mediterrani, una de les unitats geològiques que constitueix el nostre país. Així, al llarg de tot el recorregut de l´itinerari, anirem trobant afloraments dels materials paleozoics (fonamentalment del Carbonífer) que constitueixen aquesta serralada i tanmateix dels terrenys mesozoics del Triàsic. Per altra banda, la major part del recorregut de l´itinerari, tindrà terme dintre de la comarca de la Conca de Barberà, tot i que els darrers trams del recorregut, ja es faran per la comarca del Baix Camp.
Recorregut de recerca geològica i mineralògica per les comarques del Baix Camp i del Priorat: des de Montbrió del Camp i Riudecanyes a Escornalbou, Argentera, Duesaigúes i al Coll de Teixeta
Authors: Mata Perelló Josep Maria , Sanz Balagué Joaquim 
Published: May 2015

Itinerari realitzat el 14 de juny de 2014. En aquesta ocasió, el recorregut del present itinerari discorrerà íntegrament, per una sola de les tres unitats geològiques que constitueixen Catalunya: concretament per la coneguda com a Sistema Mediterrani. Dintre d’aquesta, el recorregut recalarà, de forma molt desigual, en les dues subunitats més externes: la Depressió Prelitoral Catalana i la Serralada Prelitoral Catalana. Així, el recorregut s’iniciarà dintre de la primera subunitats esmentada, per la qual discorrerà exclusivament pels voltants de Riudecanyes (al principi del recorregut). Després penetrarà a la segona subunitats, per la qual anirà circulant fins a la fi del recorregut de l´itinerari, des de les immediacions de Riudecanyes fins a Escornalbou. I posteriorment des de l´Argentera al Coll de Teixeta. Per d’altra banda, la quasi totalitat del recorregut del itinerari es desenvoluparà íntegrament per dues de les comarques que constitueixen la Regió de Reus: s´iniciarà a la del Baix Camp i finalitzarà a la del Priorat.
Éducation non formelle et médiations écrites
Authors: Luckerhoff Jason , Velez Maria Juliana 
Published: May 2015

La vulgarisation scientifique et l’éducation non formelle permettent d’étudier la diffusion des savoirs en dehors du cadre scolaire. Les médiations écrites, dans ce contexte, sont considérées comme une reformulation du discours spécialisé. Il s’agit d’une tentative de diffusion en dehors des cercles de spécialistes. Ce discours de médiation se trouve entre le spécialiste et le non spécialiste. Nous avons analysé un corpus de médiations écrites afin de voir si le rédacteur doit choisir, transformer, modifier, restructurer et reformuler afin de rendre accessible. Plus spécifiquement, nous avons analysé les médiations en fonction des treize tendances déformantes proposées par Berman (1999) : la rationalisation, la clarification, l’allongement, l’ennoblissement, l’appauvrissement qualitatif, l’appauvrissement quantitatif, l’homogénéisation, la destruction des rythmes, la destruction des réseaux signifiants sous-jacents, la destruction des systématismes textuels, la destruction des réseaux vernaculaires ou leur exotisation, la destruction des locutions et idiotismes et l’effacement des superpositions de langues. Nous considérons que les médiations écrites, en tant que vulgarisation, se trouvent au centre de la tension entre valorisation par des critères culturels et valorisation par des critères de marché.