bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of laser power on microstructure and properties of Ti-Al/WC composite coatings
Authors: Liu Hongwei , Dong Baoquan , Gong Xun , Chen Haojie , Jiao Haichao , Zhao Hui , Zhao Haitao , Mei Li 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
To enhance the performance of TC4 titanium alloy, laser cladding technology was used to prepare a Ti-Al/WC composite coating on its surface, and the influence of laser power on the physical phase composition, microstructure, friction and wear properties and hardness of the coating were studied. The studies indicate that the coating consists of Ti3Al2, TiAl, Ti3Al gray matrix organization and TiAl, Ti2AlC gray-white precipitation organization. When laser power increases, the gray-white precipitated tissue increases significantly, and the precipitated TiC changes from dot-like, flake-like, and short rod-like to dendritic. When the laser power is 1200W, TiC gradually transforms into Ti2AlC phase, and the shape of the precipitated tissue becomes irregular. In comparison to the substrate, the average hardness of the coatings rises by 1.88-2.27 times, and the maximum average hardness of 635.6HV is achieved at 1000W of laser power. The cladding layer has better wear resistance at laser powers of 1000W and 1200W. The wear mechanisms of the coatings are abrasive and adhesive wear.
Utilization of waste silty soil as fine aggregate in controlled low-strength material
Authors: Qiu Haomiao , Jiang Senhua , Shou Lei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Silty soil excavated in construction projects is usually considered waste material. This work pioneers a high-value utilization of waste soil by exploring the feasibility of repurposing silt soil to prepare controlled low-strength materials (CLSMs). For sustainable purposes, alkali-excited fly ash and waste glass powder are used instead of pure cement, and the necessary additives are introduced to improve the performance of CLSM. Laboratory tests are performed on CLSMs with different mixture ratios to evaluate the flowability, unconfined compressive strength, and setting times. The effects of two critical parameters: the water content (W/G), i.e., the mass ratio of water to solid in CLSM mixtures, and the stabilizer content (S/MLd), i.e., the mass ratio of stabilizer to dry silty soil are studied. Experimental results indicate that the increase of water content has a favorable effect on flowability, but significantly increases setting time and reduces the compressive strength. Furthermore, when the water content is over 0.4, the initial setting time may exceed 4 hours, limiting the application of CLSMs. The increase of stabilizer content is beneficial to the increase of flowability and strength and markedly accelerates the final setting time. The predictive equations of flowability and compressive strength and 7 days of the silty soil-based CLSM have been developed with W/G and S/MLd, and the predicted results are compared with the results on the contour map. Based on the prediction model, the recommended intervals of W/G and S/MLd are given to meet the strength and flowability targets of different applications.
Research on multiaxial fatigue life prediction of lifting equipment based on symbol corrected equivalent stress spectrum
Authors: Chen Li , Ding Keqin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
During the cyclic operation of lifting equipment, critical structural fatigue damage and fracture failure often occur, causing huge economic losses and even leading to major accidents. In practical work, lifting equipment not only bears tensile and compressive loads but also significant shear loads. Under its actual working conditions, it causes multiaxial fatigue damage. This article studies the multiaxial load spectrum obtained by deploying fiber Bragg gratings strain rosette in high-risk and prone-to-cracking areas of lifting equipment and using a multiaxial stress equivalent method based on symbol correction, the multiaxial complex stress spectrum is equivalent to a modified uniaxial stress spectrum. Combined with the developed dual parameter four peak valley rain flow fast counting algorithm program, the cumulative damage caused is calculated using the Miner linear cumulative fatigue damage model. Finally, a prediction is made for the multiaxial load fatigue life of high-risk and prone-to-cracking areas in lifting equipment. The results show that the multiaxial fatigue life prediction method for high-risk and prone-to-cracking areas of lifting equipment based on symbol corrected Von Mises equivalent stress spectrum in this article is more accurate than the prediction results obtained from classical Von Mises equivalent stress spectrum and uniaxial stress spectrum calculations, which to some extent solves the problem of difficult engineering application of current multiaxial fatigue theory.
Study on fatigue life of abutment based on multi-sample test method
Authors: Zhang Liangxia , Tian Yunjing , Qiao Mengsun , Li Yongning , Luo Jinni , Hu Zhifang , Zhao Lijuan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The key to increasing the service life of dental implants is to improve the stability of dental implants. In the dental implant system, the abutment is the key structure connecting the upper crown and the lower implant and achieving anti-rotation and anti-loosening between them. During daily chewing, the abutment-implant connection will often be twisted by force, and the implant operation requires torque. To ensure its stable use, the abutment-implant connection should have sufficient anti-torsion and anti-deformation ability. The connection structure has an important influence on the overall stability of the implant system.
The research object of this paper is a group of common and representative commercial implant systems. The fatigue life of the abutment is studied by experiments. According to the implant dynamic fatigue test standard (BS EN ISO 14801:2016), the worst conditions of implant fatigue loading were determined, and fatigue tests were carried out on the implant system with this type of connected structure. Through the test results, the maximum cyclic load that the implant can bear in the case of fatigue fracture is determined, and whether the product can be used safely under this load force is verified. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: the abutment can withstand more than 5 million cycles of loading under 240 N load without being damaged. In the absence of special conditions, patients can use the implant product for a long time without replacing it, avoiding the risk of multiple operations.
Research on deformation strain field of vehicle body welding based on laser scanning detection
Authors: Li Lina , Sun Hongchang , Bao Yuanhao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
At present, the traditional welding temperature field and stress prediction mainly rely on the experience curve or empirical formula based on experiment and statistics, which cannot comprehensively predict and analyze the impact of welding on the overall structural mechanical characteristics and objectively evaluate the welding quality. In this paper, based on simulated welding software, the temperature field stress field and residual stress deformation after welding are simulated by the finite element method, and a set of feasible 3D welding temperature field calculation methods, stress field, and deformation dynamic simulation analysis methods are established.
Multi-objective optimization of the wave-proof plate layout of the liquid tank vehicle based on NSGA-II and RSM
Authors: Xiao Houjie , Qin Hongbin , He An 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Under the braking condition of the tanker, the liquid in the tank will have an impact on the tank body due to shaking. The arrangement spacing of the wave-proof plate has a great influence on the wave-proof effect. In order to study the optimal spacing of the wave-proof plate, a liquid sloshing model was established based on FLUENT, and the stress peak of the front head and the wave-proof plate 1 was determined as the optimization goal. The response model of the front head and the wave-proof plate 1 on the space of the three wave-proof plates was obtained through the response surface experiment, and the multi-objective optimization mathematical model of the wave-proof plate spacing was established based on RSM. The NSGA-II algorithm was used to solve the model, and the optimal combination of parameters of the spacing of the wave-proof plate was obtained. After optimization, the peak stresses of the front head and the first wave board are reduced by 8.6% and 5.2%.
Establishment and prediction of liquid permeability model for metal porous materials
Authors: Lin Shengcun , Feng Wenxiu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The demand for metal porous materials in the field of liquid purification and filtration is increasing, so it is necessary to master the permeability of liquid through porous materials. Currently, the liquid permeability of porous materials is mostly tested through the method of flow pressure difference, and predicting the permeability through the establishment of a model is an innovative topic. Experimental methods determine the average pore size and porosity of metal porous materials by using the mass volume method and the bubble method. Then, a flow pressure difference curve model is established to predict the permeability of other samples. Compared with experiments, the established model accurately predicts the unit pressure drop of flow in porous materials at the equivalent Reynolds number. This work can provide a reference for the study of the permeability of porous materials.
Lamb wave measurement method for in-plane elastic constants of balanced symmetric laminates based on machine learning
Authors: Xie Quan , Liu Yaolu , Fang Jun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
To achieve in-situ measurement of mechanical properties in large-scale composite structures, this paper introduces a Lamb wave measurement based on machine learning to predict the in-plane engineering elastic constants of balanced symmetric laminates. Firstly, we consider that balanced symmetric laminates are equivalent to orthotropic single-layer plates with nine engineering elastic constants. Secondly, by varying these elastic constants and comparing the dispersion curves at different propagation angles, we conclude that, under low frequency-thickness products, the phase velocity of S0-mode Lamb waves in orthotropic single-layer plates is dependent on four engineering elastic constants: tensile modulus, in-plane shear modulus, and in-plane Poisson’s ratio. Subsequently, leveraging this correlation in dispersion curves, a BP neural network model is established using machine learning techniques. Using the neural network model, the goal of predicting engineering elastic constants using phase velocities is achieved. Finally, the effectiveness of this method is verified through theoretical calculations and numerical simulations.
Lightweight design of composite sandwich corrugated structures based on variable density method
Authors: Tian Ce , Tian Zhimin , Cao Xinwei , Dong Shangwei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
For the lightweight design of composite sandwich corrugated structures, a new topology optimization design scheme is proposed using the variable density method. Multi-working conditions static analysis of the composite sandwich corrugated structure is carried out by finite element software. Then, the topology optimization is carried out by using the minimum flexibility method. Finally, the results of different working conditions are coupled to propose a new composite sandwich corrugated structure. The results indicate that the structure has a weight reduction of 34% and exhibits periodicity and continuity while also meeting the necessary mechanical properties to fulfill the engineering requirements. The optimization of composite sandwich corrugated structures has been achieved, providing a new approach to the lightweight design of composite sandwich structures.
Analysis of the influencing factors of transmission coefficients based on ZnSe/BeTe heterojunction
Authors: Li Xingyu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
As a classic model, the multiple potential barrier structure has been widely studied in the last decades. In this work, we investigate the transmission coefficient of electron tunneling through multiple quantum walls based on ZnSe/BeTe heterojunction. At first, based on the one-dimensional stationary Schrödinger equation and its boundary condition, the equation set is set up. Then, by using the matrix method, the transmission coefficient can be solved by Matlab. The relationship of the transmission coefficient to the energy of the electron, the width of the well, the width of the barrier, the number of barriers, and the potential barrier are simulated. According to the analysis, some phenomena like gap region and miniband can be observed. The number of resonance states in minibands increases when the number of barriers increases while the zones of minibands approximately remain unchanged. This work can be the guide to designing multiple potential barrier nanostructures.
RF electromagnetic design and field tuning study of the coupled ladder RFQ-IH DTL structure
Authors: Li H.P. , Kong G.Q. , Pan W.L. , Li J.L. , Su H.Q. , Deng W.T. , Lu Y.R. , Wang S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The coupled ladder RFQ-IH DTL structure is designed for
transportable accelerator-based neutron source to accelerate the
proton beam to 2.5 MeV with a peak current of 15 mA. The
Kombinierte Null Grad Struktur (KONUS) dynamics scheme is chosen in
the IH-DTL section to obtain compact structure, high transmission
efficiency and small emittance growth. Three KONUS periods,
including two quadrupole doublets are housed in the IH-DTL
section. The field distribution of coupled structure is studied and
the evaluation of the coupled field is quantified. The optimization
voltage ratio and electric flatness are carried out based on
three-dimension full model. In addition, the structure error
analysis is performed to evaluate the acceptance of different
errors. The tuning system is designed to compensate the machining
and alignment errors and the field tuning strategy is proposed for
the coupled cavity. The RF electromagnetic design and optimization,
structure error analysis and field tuning will be comprehensively
presented in this paper.
Warming of mid-latitude North Atlantic Sea surface temperature strengthens the daily variability of winter PM2.5 in eastern China
Authors: Zhang Shiyue , Zeng Gang , Yang Xiaoye , Li Zhongxian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Climate factors, in addition to human activities, are acknowledged to exert a notable influence on the synoptic PM2.5 variations over eastern China in extensive case studies. Based on observed daily PM2.5 concentrations data, this study reveals the enhanced daily variability (DV) of PM2.5 concentrations over eastern China and identifies its association with mid-latitude sea surface temperature anomalies over the North Atlantic. The dominant daily mode of PM2.5 concentrations identified through empirical orthogonal function analysis accounts for 43.75% of the total variance, with its DV experienced a significant enhancement from 1979 to 2019. The identified enhancement is attributed to the intensified wave train propagation along the mid-latitudes on a time scale of 10–30 d. The eastward propagation of the identified wave train can expose eastern China to recurrent influences of cyclonic and anticyclonic anomalies, resulting in an initial increase and subsequent decrease in PM2.5 concentrations. Statistical analysis and dynamic diagnostics show that the warming of the mid-latitude North Atlantic Ocean enhances the wave train at its source through the local energy exchange, and ultimately leads to an increased DV of PM2.5 concentrations.
Thermal Performance Assessment in a Single-Story Detached House
Authors: Musa N A , Amir A F , Ismail A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Malaysia is a tropical climate with high temperatures, especially indoor temperatures, due to the abundant sunlight it gets throughout the year. Passive design is one of the cooling ways to minimise mechanical ventilation usage. This study will focus on a single-story detached house and emphasise all passive design techniques in Puncak Iskandar, Seri Iskandar, Perak. The house was selected based on orientation, vacant house and no vegetation surrounding the compound. There were two objectives: to determine the indoor space of the case study house with poor thermal performance and to analyse the passive design application which contributes to the thermal performance of the selected indoor space. The method of this study is quantitative research, which applies field measurement and on-site observation. Instrumental tools used in this study were two sets of data loggers. Environmental parameters investigated are temperature, humidity, air velocity, and solar radiation. The findings were analysed to understand the effect of passive design strategy on house temperature. This study discovered that passive design methods influenced the house temperature performance, particularly in hot and humid climate regions, due to building orientation, building form, shading, building materials, opening, and daylighting. Vegetation on the house surroundings and insulation are not being investigated and are part of the study’s limitations.
Thermal Performance of Tall Building Envelope Design in Tropical Urban Region
Authors: Enggarsiwi Astri Resmi , Yuliani Sri , Winarto Yosafat 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The construction sector contributes to producing carbon gas emissions of more than 40%, using materials from nature that are quite large, donating waste, and reducing areas for water catchment and green areas. This research focuses on what needs to be considered in the design of energy-efficient buildings is the variable building envelope. Building envelope design is critical in promoting sustainable and energy-efficient tall buildings. Envelope design consists of characteristics and configuration of building materials, that contribute to thermal performance. The performance of a building’s envelope is significant, as it impacts the overall energy consumption of the building. The research aims to verify and investigate the performance of envelopes in tall buildings in the tropical urban region. The research uses a model simulation method that can analytically-quantitatively calculate the energy value of buildings, with a case study at UNS Tower in Surakarta. The UNS Tower building is used as a simulation model to calculate its thermal performance by comparing it with the base case building in the EDGE web application and Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV) calculation. The result shows that thermal performance of UNS Tower does not meet the OTTV standard of 35 W/m2 according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 6389:2020 for energy conservation in building envelopes. The total OTTV of UNS Tower is 35.17 W/m2, with the highest OTTV contribution coming from the parts of the building envelope that utilize unshaded glass materials, specifically the Northwest façade with 47.61 W/m2 and the Southeast façade with 44.95 W/m2. Based on the simulation results using the EDGE web application, the base case shows that UNS Tower is not energy-efficient. The result shows that building envelope selection in the tall building can significantly improve overall energy efficiency. The research offer valuable insights also encourages building envelope design development in tall buildings to improve building energy efficiency.
Reconstruct in Historical Destruction: the Concept of Cultural Heritage Friendly Area as a Creative Economic and Educational Space in Pemalang Regency
Authors: Utomo Ilham Nur , Fauji Sidik , Sasmito Adi , Subekti Sri , Diwangkara Naufal Kresna , Nizar Fariz 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Nowadays, the pace of physical development in various regions in Indonesia is very fast. However, there are important aspects that need to be studied in more depth related to development problems that destroy cultural heritage buildings. Cultural heritage buildings are an important aspect that stores memories of the past as national identity and a source of learning. The destruction of cultural heritage buildings for development reasons also occurred in Pemalang Regency. Therefore, this study aims to construct the concept of a cultural heritage-friendly area and its benefits as an educational space and creative economy in Pemalang Regency. The method used was a qualitative method by reviewing written sources and making observations at the research location. In addition, a historical approach was used to look at the history of cultural heritage buildings, a tourism management approach to develop strategies for developing cultural heritage and an educational approach to look at the educational values contained in cultural heritage buildings. This research had three research questions, namely (1) What is the condition of historical buildings or cultural heritage in Pemalang Regency?; (2) What is the concept for building cultural heritage-friendly areas? This research showed that the condition of the cultural heritage buildings in Pemalang Regency is mostly in a state of disrepair, even disappearing because they were torn down. Physical revitalization of cultural heritage is considered not optimal. The concept of developing cultural heritage with the emphasis on the concept of value, the concept of integration, and synergy is the right choice to be implemented in Pemalang Regency.
Inventorying the Placement of Carved Components in Traditional Malay House Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV): Case Studies of Rumah Limas Bumbung Perak (RLBP)
Authors: Jamaludin Nazrul Helmy , Choo Iryani Abdul Halim , Rashid Mohd Sabrizaa Abdul 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The inventory of traditional Malay houses and their carved components can be very critical and important, particularly with the current decreasing availability of traditional Malay houses that are rapidly disappearing due to the aggressive urbanization process. In addition, the inappropriate placement of carved components in the modern contemporary building design illustrates a misleading image about the identity and heritage of traditional Malay architecture, particularly its traditional Malay house. The conventional inventory method can be very complicated, with physically limited accessibility and view, especially in the higher and inaccessible areas, which can lead to a time-consuming and risky process. This requires multiple tools and processes that simultaneously require more resources. Therefore, the aim of this research is to inventory the carved components of one of the traditional Malay house types in Malaysia, Rumah Limas Bumbung Perak (RLBP), using the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) that is known as a drone. The research is conducted on selected RLBP houses that are located along the Perak River basin. The data is collected using a DJI Mini Drone in the form of photographs and recorded footage. The process is assisted by the carved component inventory checklist that has been established by previous researchers. The findings of the research found that there are 14 common placements of carved components found in RLBP, and it was also found that the inventory process using drones is more efficient and requires less time.
The findings of the research contribute to strengthening the existing research on the architectural heritage of RLBP and support the usage of drones in built heritage research, which can ease and speed up the data collection process.