bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Bias and Brand Explain the Observed Inconsistency in Trials on Glucosamine for Symptomatic Relief of Osteoarthritis: A Meta‐Analysis of Placebo‐Controlled Trials
Authors: Eriksen Patrick , Bartels Else M. , Altman Roy D. , Bliddal Henning , Juhl Carsten , Christensen Robin 
Published: June 2014

ObjectiveTo determine whether study sponsor, chemical formulation, brand of glucosamine, and/or risk of bias explain observed inconsistencies in trials of glucosamine's efficacy for treating pain in osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsA systematic review and stratified meta‐analysis of randomized placebo‐controlled trials was performed, and random‐effects models were applied with inconsistency (I2) and heterogeneity (tau2) estimated using Review Manager and SAS, respectively. The major outcome was reduction of pain; the standardized mean difference (SMD [95% confidence interval (95% CI)]) served as effect size.ResultsThe inclusion criteria yielded 25 trials (3,458 patients). Glucosamine moderately reduced pain (SMD −0.51 [95% CI −0.72, −0.30]), although a high level of between‐trial inconsistency was observed (I2= 88%). The single most important explanation (i.e., covariate) was brand, reducing heterogeneity by 41% (P = 0.00032). Twelve trials (1,437 patients) using the Rottapharm/Madaus product resulted in significant pain reduction (SMD −1.07 [95% CI −1.47, −0.67]), although a sensitivity analysis of 3 low risk of bias trials using the Rottapharm/Madaus product showed less promising results (SMD −0.27 [95% CI −0.43, −0.12]), which is only a small effect size. Thirteen trials (1,963 patients) using non–Rottapharm/Madaus products consistently failed to show a reduction in pain (SMD −0.11 [95% CI −0.46, 0.24]). The second most important explanation was overall risk of bias (reducing heterogeneity by 32%).ConclusionMost of the observed heterogeneity in glucosamine trials is explained by brand. Trials using the Rottapharm/Madaus glucosamine product had a superior outcome on pain in OA compared to other preparations of glucosamine. Large inconsistency was found, however. Low risk of bias trials, using the Rottapharm/Madaus product, revealed a small effect size.
Linkage of a De‐Identified United States Rheumatoid Arthritis Registry With Administrative Data to Facilitate Comparative Effectiveness Research
Authors: Curtis Jeffrey R. , Chen Lang , Bharat Aseem , Delzell Elizabeth , Greenberg Jeffrey D. , Harrold Leslie , Kremer Joel , Setoguchi Soko , Solomon Daniel H. , Xie Fenglong , Yun Huifeng 
Published: June 2014

ObjectiveLinkages between registries and administrative data may provide a valuable resource for comparative effectiveness research. However, personal identifiers that uniquely identify individuals are not always available. Here we describe methods to link a de‐identified arthritis registry and US Medicare data. The linked data set was also used to evaluate the generalizability of the registry to the US Medicare population.MethodsRheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients participating in the Consortium of Rheumatology Researchers of North America (CORRONA) registry were linked to Medicare data restricted to rheumatology claims or claims for RA. Deterministic linkage was performed using age, sex, provider identification number, and geographic location of the CORRONA site. We then searched for visit dates in Medicare matching visit dates in CORRONA, requiring ≥1 exact matching date. Linkage accuracy was quantified as a positive predictive value in a subcohort (n = 1,581) with more precise identifiers.ResultsCORRONA participants with self‐reported Medicare (n = 11,001) were initially matched to 30,943 Medicare beneficiaries treated by CORRONA physicians. A total of 8,431 CORRONA participants matched on ≥1 visit; 5,317 matched uniquely on all visits. The number of patients who linked and linkage accuracy (from the subcohort) were high for patients with >2 visits (n = 3,458, 98% accuracy), exactly 2 visits (n = 822, 96% accuracy), and 1 visit (n = 1,037, 79% accuracy) that matched exactly on calendar date. Demographics and comorbidity profiles of registry participants were similar to nonparticipants, except participants were more likely to take disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs and biologic agents.ConclusionLinkage between a national, de‐identified outpatient arthritis registry and Medicare data on multiple nonunique identifiers appears feasible and valid.
Predictors and Outcome of Pain‐Related Avoidance of Activities in Persons With Early Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis: A Five‐Year Followup Study
Authors: Holla Jasmijn F. M. , van der Leeden Marike , Knol Dirk L. , Roorda Leo D. , Hilberdink Wim K. H. A. , Lems Willem F. , Steultjens Martijn P. M. , Dekker Joost 
Published: June 2014

ObjectiveIt has been hypothesized that pain and low vitality lead to an increase in avoidance of activities in persons with early symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA), and that avoidance of activities leads to an increase in activity limitations. The present study aimed to evaluate these hypotheses.MethodsBaseline, 2‐year, and 5‐year followup data of 828 participants from the Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee Study with early symptomatic knee OA were used. Autoregressive generalized estimating equations and linear regression models were used to analyze the longitudinal and cross‐sectional associations between self‐reported knee pain, vitality, pain‐related avoidance of activities, and activity limitations. The models were adjusted for the covariates age, sex, education level, body mass index, comorbidity, radiographic severity, and hip pain.ResultsIn longitudinal analyses, knee pain and vitality predicted a subsequent increase in avoidance of activities. Pain‐related avoidance of activities predicted a subsequent increase in activity limitations; however, this relationship lost statistical significance (P = 0.089) after adjustment for covariates. Cross‐sectional analyses showed strong relationships between knee pain, low vitality, pain‐related avoidance of activities, and activity limitations at all time points.ConclusionsIn persons with early symptomatic knee OA, knee pain and low vitality lead to a subsequent increase in avoidance of activities. Pain‐related avoidance of activities is related to activity limitations at inception of symptoms, but also years later. Therefore, it can be recommended to monitor and target avoidance of activities at various stages of the disease.
Chemical Synthesis of the O‐Antigen Repeating Unit of Escherichia coli O86 by an N‐Formylmorpholine‐Modulated One‐Pot Glycosylation Strategy
Authors: Ingle Arun B. , Chao Chin‐Sheng , Hung Wei‐Cheng , Mong Kwok‐Kong Tony 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of the O‐antigen pentasaccharide repeating unit of the cell wall of Gram‐negative bacteria Escherichia coli O86 is reported. The synthesis features the use of an N‐formylmorpholine (NFM)‐modulated glycosylation method for the construction of 1,2‐cis α‐glycosidic linkages and an [1+1+2] iterative one‐pot α‐glycosylation strategy to accelerate the assembly of the tetrasaccharide backbone.
Gold‐Catalyzed C(sp3)H/C(sp)H Coupling/Cyclization/Oxidative Alkynylation Sequence: A Powerful Strategy for the Synthesis of 3‐Alkynyl Polysubstituted Furans
Authors: Ma Yuanhong , Zhang Shuai , Yang Shiping , Song Feijie , You Jingsong 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn sharp contrast to the gold‐catalyzed reactions of alkynes/allenes with nucleophiles, gold‐catalyzed oxidative cross‐couplings and especially CH/CH cross‐coupling have been under represented. By taking advantage of the unique redox property and carbophilic π acidity of gold, this work realizes the first gold‐catalyzed direct C(sp3)H alkynylation of 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds with terminal alkynes under mild reaction conditions, with subsequent cyclization and in situ oxidative alkynylation. A variety of terminal alkynes including aryl, heteroaryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkyl, and cyclopropyl alkynes all successfully participate in the domino reaction. The protocol offers a simple and region‐defined approach to 3‐alkynyl polysubstituted furans.
A Strongly Coupled Graphene and FeNi Double Hydroxide Hybrid as an Excellent Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Long Xia , Li Jinkai , Xiao Shuang , Yan Keyou , Wang Zilong , Chen Haining , Yang Shihe 
Published: June 2014

AbstractCost‐effective electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are critical to energy conversion and storage processes. A novel strategy is used to synthesize a non‐noble‐metal‐based electrocatalyst of the OER by finely combining layered FeNi double hydroxide that is catalytically active and electric conducting graphene sheets, taking advantage of the electrostatic attraction between the two positively charged nanosheets. The synergy between the catalytic activity of the double hydroxide and the enhanced electron transport arising from the graphene resulted in superior electrocatalytic properties of the FeNi‐GO hybrids for the OER with overpotentials as low as 0.21 V, which was further reduced to 0.195 V after the reduction treatment. Moreover, the turnover frequency at the overpotential of 0.3 V has reached 1 s−1, which is much higher than those previously reported for non‐noble‐metal‐based electrocatalysts.
Osteophytes, Enthesophytes, and High Bone Mass: A Bone‐Forming Triad With Potential Relevance in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Hardcastle Sarah A. , Dieppe Paul , Gregson Celia L. , Arden Nigel K. , Spector Tim D. , Hart Deborah J. , Edwards Mark H. , Dennison Elaine M. , Cooper Cyrus , Williams Martin , Davey Smith George , Tobias Jon H. 
Published: June 2014

ObjectivePrevious studies of skeletal remains have suggested that both enthesophytes and osteophytes are manifestations of an underlying bone‐forming tendency. A greater prevalence of osteophytes has been observed among individuals with high bone mass (HBM) compared with controls. This study was undertaken to examine the possible interrelationships between bone mass, enthesophytes, and osteophytes in a population of individuals with extreme HBM.MethodsCases of HBM (defined according to bone mineral density [BMD] Z scores on dual x‐ray absorptiometry) from the UK‐based HBM study were compared with a control group comprising unaffected family members and general population controls from the Chingford and Hertfordshire cohort studies. Pelvic radiographs from cases and controls were pooled and evaluated, in a blinded manner, by a single observer, who performed semiquantitative grading of the radiographs for the presence and severity of osteophytes and enthesophytes (score range 0–3 for each). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify significant associations, with a priori adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index.ResultsIn this study, 226 radiographs from HBM cases and 437 radiographs from control subjects were included. Enthesophytes (grade ≥1) and moderate enthesophytes (grade ≥2) were more prevalent in HBM cases compared with controls (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.00 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.96–4.58], P < 0.001 for any enthesophyte; adjusted OR 4.33 [95% CI 2.67–7.02], P < 0.001 for moderate enthesophytes). In the combined population of cases and controls, the enthesophyte grade was positively associated with BMD at both the total hip and lumbar spine (adjusted P for trend < 0.001). In addition, a positive association between osteophytes and enthesophytes was observed; for each unit increase in enthesophyte grade, the odds of any osteophyte being present were increased >2‐fold (P < 0.001).ConclusionStrong interrelationships were observed between osteophytes, enthesophytes, and HBM, which may be helpful in defining a distinct subset of patients with osteoarthritis characterized by excess bone formation.
Mortality Associated With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in France Assessed by Multiple‐Cause‐of‐Death Analysis
Authors: Thomas Guillemette , Mancini Julien , Jourde‐Chiche Noémie , Sarlon Gabrielle , Amoura Zahir , Harlé Jean‐Robert , Jougla Eric , Chiche Laurent 
Published: June 2014

ObjectiveTo assess the mortality profile of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients in France using multiple‐cause‐of‐death analysis.MethodsData were collected between 2000 and 2009 in the French Epidemiological Center for the Medical Causes of Death database, and death certificates issued upon the death of an adult for whom SLE was an underlying cause of death (UCD) or a non–underlying cause of death (NUCD) were evaluated using multiple‐cause‐of‐death analysis. Sex, age, sex ratio, standardized mortality rates, as well as frequency of the various causes of death were assessed, at both a national and a regional level. For the main causes of death, the observed number of deaths in relation to the expected number of deaths (O:E ratio) (standardized for age and sex) was calculated.ResultsDuring the study period, 1,593 deaths related to SLE were identified. The mean ± SD age at death was 63.5 ± 18.4 years and the sex ratio (female:male) was 3.5. The mean standardized mortality rate was 3.2 per 1 million people (range 2.7–4.1). When SLE was the UCD (n = 637), the main NUCDs were cardiovascular diseases (49.5%), infectious diseases (24.5%), and renal failure (23.2%). When SLE was an NUCD (n = 956), the most common UCDs were cardiovascular diseases (35.7%), neoplasms (13.9%), and infectious diseases (10.3%). The overall O:E ratio was >1 for infectious and cardiovascular diseases and renal failure (especially among people <40 years of age for the latter 2 causes), but was <1 for neoplasms.ConclusionCardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death associated with SLE in France.
Increased Production of Interleukin‐17 Over Interleukin‐10 by Treg Cells Implicates Inducible Costimulator Molecule in Experimental Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Araujo Luiza M. , Fert Ingrid , Jouhault Quentin , Labroquère Karine , Andrieu Muriel , Chiocchia Gilles , Breban Maxime 
Published: June 2014

ObjectiveHLA–B27/human β2‐microglobulin (hβ2m)–transgenic (B27‐transgenic) rats develop an inflammatory disorder resembling spondyloarthritis, with accumulation of proinflammatory Th17 cells. Because Treg cells and Th17 cells have opposing effects in inflammatory disorders, we sought to determine whether biased expansion of Th17 cells could result from altered Treg cell frequency and/or function in B27‐transgenic rats.MethodsWe characterized the phenotype and function of Treg cells from B27‐transgenic rats in comparison with those from control rats, by examining their expression of cell surface markers, suppressive activity, cytokine production, and differentiation pattern.ResultsIn B27‐transgenic rats, the preferential accumulation of CD4+ Teff cells over Treg cells was not associated with a defect in Treg cell differentiation or suppressive activity. The expression of Treg cell markers was similar between B27‐transgenic and control rats, with the exception of the inducible costimulator (ICOS) molecule, which was overexpressed in B27‐transgenic rats. High levels of ICOS are considered to be a hallmark of Treg cells with heightened suppressive activity and interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) expression. Paradoxically, the production of IL‐10 by Treg cells was reduced in B27‐transgenic rats, whereas the production of IL‐17 was enhanced. Moreover, the addition of anti‐ICOS monoclonal antibodies during Treg cell differentiation in the presence of dendritic cells from B27‐transgenic rats reversed this cytokine profile, restoring the balance between IL‐10 and IL‐17 in Treg cells from B27‐transgenic rats.ConclusionWe observed dysregulated production of IL‐10 and IL‐17 by Treg cells from B27‐transgenic rats, which may contribute to disease development. Moreover, our data highlight a key role for ICOS signaling in the generation of imbalanced production of IL‐10 and IL‐17 by Treg cells in this experimental model of spondyloarthritis.
Mesoporous Spherical Li4Ti5O12 as High‐Performance Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Du Guojun , Liu Zhaolin , Tay Siok Wei , Liu Xiaogang , Yu Aishui 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPorous microspherical Li4Ti5O12 aggregates (LTO‐PSA) can be successfully prepared by using porous spherical TiO2 as a titanium source and lithium acetate as a lithium source followed by calcinations. The synthesized LTO‐PSA possess outstanding morphology, with nanosized, porous, and spherical distributions, that allow good electrochemical performances, including high reversible capacity, good cycling stability, and impressive rate capacity, to be achieved. The specific capacity of the LTO‐PSA at 30 C is as high as 141 mA h g−1, whereas that of normal Li4Ti5O12 powders prepared by a sol–gel method can only achieve 100 mA h g−1. This improved rate performance can be ascribed to small Li4Ti5O12 nanocrystallites, a three‐dimensional mesoporous structure, and enhanced ionic conductivity.
Rapid determination of cellulose
Authors: Bauer Stefan , Ibáñez Ana B. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTThe cellulose analysis results of four feedstocks and Avicel obtained by a one‐step/two‐step hydrolysis method were compared to the conventional cellulose assay according to Updegraff. Slightly lower cellulose levels were observed for Avicel (97%), corn stover (97%), poplar (96%), and Miscanthus (94%) but for pine the amounts were almost identical (101%). Despite these differences, the one‐step/two‐step method can be seen as a true alternative to the more labor‐intensive Updegraff method. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 2355–2357. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determination of Kinetics and the Crystal Structure of a Novel Type 2 Isopentenyl Diphosphate: Dimethylallyl Diphosphate Isomerase fromStreptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: de Ruyck Jerome , Janczak Matthew W. , Neti Syam Sundar , Rothman Steven C. , Schubert Heidi L. , Cornish Rita M. , Matagne Andre , Wouters Johan , Poulter C. Dale 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIsopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (IDI) is a key enzyme in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway and is required for all organisms that synthesize isoprenoid metabolites from mevalonate. Type 1 IDI (IDI‐1) is a metalloprotein that is found in eukaryotes, whereas the type 2 isoform (IDI‐2) is a flavoenzyme found in bacteria that is completely absent from human. IDI‐2 from the pathogenic bacteriumStreptococcus pneumoniaewas recombinantly expressed inEscherichia coli. Steady‐state kinetic studies of the enzyme indicated that FMNH2(KM=0.3 μM) bound before isopentenyl diphosphate (KM=40 μM) in an ordered binding mechanism. An X‐ray crystal structure at 1.4 Å resolution was obtained for the holoenzyme in the closed conformation with a reduced flavin cofactor and two sulfate ions in the active site. These results helped to further approach the enzymatic mechanism of IDI‐2 and, thus, open new possibilities for the rational design of antibacterial compounds against sequence‐similar and structure‐related pathogens such asEnterococcus faecalisorStaphylococcus aureus.
Functional Modification of Fibronectin by N‐Terminal FXIIIa‐Mediated Transamidation
Authors: Früh Susanna M. , Spycher Philipp R. , Mitsi Maria , Burkhardt Melanie A. , Vogel Viola , Schoen Ingmar 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA straightforward strategy is presented for the site‐specific incorporation of fluorophores or reactive probes into the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein fibronectin (Fn) by using the enzyme‐catalyzed transamidation by activated factor XIII. Characterization by SDS‐PAGE, western blotting, absorption measurements, mass spectrometry, and stepwise photobleaching for labeling quantification at the single‐molecule level showed that the labeling was efficient and restricted to the N‐terminal tails. The introduction of labels did not interfere with Fn fibrillogenesis, as verified by the incorporation of fluorescently labeled Fn into ECM and manually pulled Fn fibers. Site‐specific incorporation of an azide was used to create a template for bioorthogonal click chemistry reactions in a second bioconjugation step, thus offering versatile modification and application possibilities in the context of matrix biology and tissue engineering.
No long‐term clinical benefit from manual aspiration thrombectomy in ST‐elevation myocardial infarction patients. Data from NRDES registry
Authors: Siudak Zbigniew , Mielecki Waldemar , Dziewierz Artur , Rakowski Tomasz , Legutko Jacek , Bartuś Stanisław , Bryniarski Krzysztof L. , Partyka Łukasz , Dudek Dariusz 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundCurrent STEMI guidelines recommend thrombectomy should be considered during primary PCI. Multiple data from randomized clinical trials, registries, and metanalysis have confirmed the efficacy of thrombectomy in terms of surrogate endpoints like better myocardial perfusion, less pronounced distal embolization, and conflicting results on lower all‐cause mortality. Our aim was to analyze long‐term outcome of STEMI patients treated with manual thrombectomy during primary PCI in a contemporary national registry.MethodsThere were 13 catheterization laboratories in Poland that enrolled patients in NRDES Registry. Patients were divided into two groups: those that were treated with manual thrombectomy for their primary PCI vs. those who were not.ResultsThere were altogether 2,686 patients enrolled in the NRDES Registry of whom 1,763 were diagnosed with STEMI (66%). Aspiration thrombectomy was used in 673 of these cases (38%) and 1,090 (62%) patients were treated without thrombectomy during the index primary PCI. Overall mortality at 1 year was 11.03% in thrombectomy and 7.46% in no thrombectomy group respectively (P = 0.0292 which became insignificant after propensity score matching adjustment P = 0.613). Specific subgroup analyses revealed that there was no benefit from aspiration thrombectomy in neither subgroup.ConclusionsManual aspiration thrombectomy in patients undergoing primary PCI for STEMI was not associated with improved long‐term 1‐year clinical outcome. Subgroup analysis did not reveal any specific setting in which thrombectomy would be clinically superior. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sitagliptin‐induced pancreatitis – a longer road than expected
Authors: Nelson Matthew , Bhandari Niyati , Wener Jill 
Published: June 2014

Key Clinical MessageSitagliptin‐induced pancreatitis can occur at any time after the initiation of therapy, even after several years. Patients taking sitagliptin who present with signs and symptoms of mild or severe pancreatitis should immediately discontinue sitagliptin and use an alternate medication regimen for control of type 2 diabetes.
Effect of High‐Temperature Calcination on the Generation of Brønsted Acid Sites on WO3/Al2O3
Authors: Kitano Tomoyuki , Hayashi Tomohiro , Uesaka Toshio , Shishido Tetsuya , Teramura Kentaro , Tanaka Tsunehiro 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe acid properties of a series of alumina‐supported tungsten oxide (WO3/Al2O3) catalysts with loadings of 5–50 wt % WO3 calcined at various temperatures were investigated by acid‐catalyzed reactions (benzylation of anisole and isomerization of α‐pinene) and FTIR spectroscopy. The relationships between acid properties, structures, and catalytic performances were evaluated. Both the catalytic activity and amount of Brønsted acid sites depend on the calcination temperature and WO3 loading. High‐temperature calcination (1123 K) generated Brønsted acid properties, and 20 wt % WO3/Al2O3 calcined at 1123 K exhibited the highest activity among the catalysts tested. The activities for the benzylation of anisole and α‐pinene isomerization over WO3/Al2O3 calcined at 1123 K were proportional to the Brønsted acidity, which indicates that these reactions occurred on the Brønsted acid sites. Tungsten oxide, which has distorted octahedral symmetry, was loaded as 2 D monolayer domains below 20 wt %, and these domains covered most of the alumina surface at 20 wt %. If the WO3 loading was sufficient to form 2 D tungsten oxide monolayer sheets (>20 wt %), some of the Brønsted acid sites on WO3/Al2O3 were obscured by monoclinic WO3 that has no Brønsted acid sites, which resulted in a decrease of the catalytic activity. This suggests that Brønsted acid sites are generated at the boundaries between tungsten oxide monolayer domains.