bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production of a low‐cost scavenger resin to capture aldehydes and ketones in solutions
Authors: de Oliveira Alline V. B. , Kartnaller Vinicius , Pedrosa Marcelo S. P. , Cajaiba João 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTOver the past years, polymer‐supported reagents have been extensively studied and used in various applications. One class of such reagents is called “scavengers,” which can be used to easily eliminate compounds in a solution. The present work describes the production of a resin that can be used for scavenging ketones and aldehydes using low‐cost reagents and simple reaction steps, named here Amb15‐Iso. This resin is obtained by reacting a low‐cost commercial sulfonyl resin, Amberlyst‐15, with isoniazid, a drug used for the treatment of tuberculosis. Acetone and isobutyraldehyde were used as carbonyl compound models. The reactions were monitored in‐line by ATR‐FTIR and results showed that the polarity of the solvent influences the kinetics of the production of the resin and water proved to be the fastest solvent. For the scavenging of acetone and isobutyraldehyde, two factors showed to have an impact in the amount of compounds captured: the polarity of the solvent and the solubility of water in the solvent. The capacity of scavenging acetone in water varied from 0.11 to 0.28 mmol per gram of resin, depending on the initial acetone concentration. The equilibrium of this reaction was modeled and the equilibrium constant was calculated to be 0.63 ± 0.07 L mol−1. The resin was also recycled and tested in a second round of scavenging and results showed that there was not much difference between the new resin and the recycled one, proving that the Amberlyst‐15 could be reused for a second cycle of scavenging. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42291.
Coverage for High‐Cost Specialty Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis in Medicare Part D
Authors: Yazdany Jinoos , Dudley R. Adams , Chen Randi , Lin Grace A. , Tseng Chien‐Wen 
Published: April 2015

ObjectiveMore than 1 in 4 Medicare beneficiaries with rheumatoid arthritis use high‐cost biologic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and spending for these drugs has risen sharply for Medicare Part D. Our aim was to conduct the first systematic, national investigation of how Part D plans cover biologic DMARDs and to determine patients' financial burden under current cost‐sharing structures.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional analysis of Part D plan formularies (n = 2,737) in 50 states and Washington, DC using the January 2013 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Prescription Drug Plan Formulary and Pharmacy Network Files. We calculated the percentage of plans covering each DMARD as well as the percentage requiring prior authorization and/or coinsurance. We also compared biologic drug coverage in Medicare Advantage prescription drug plans to that in Medicare Part D stand‐alone plans.ResultsAll plans covered at least 1 biologic DMARD, but the vast majority required prior authorizations (95%). Nearly all plans (81–100%) required patients to pay a coinsurance percentage (averaging 29.6% of drug costs) rather than a fixed dollar copayment. This translated into mean out‐of‐pocket costs of $2,712–$2,774 before reaching the catastrophic phase of coverage, during which beneficiaries pay 5% of drug costs. Medicare Advantage prescription drug plans covered more individual biologic DMARDs (55–100%) than did Medicare Part D stand‐alone plans (22–100%), but Medicare Advantage prescription drug plans required higher average coinsurance (31.1% versus 29.0%). In contrast, 6 of 9 nonbiologic DMARDs were covered by nearly all plans without prior authorizations at fixed copayments averaging $5–$10/month.ConclusionNationally, nearly all Part D plans cover at least 1 biologic DMARD, but the vast majority require cost sharing sufficiently high to risk significant financial burden to patients.
A multi‐pronged investigation into the effect of glucose starvation and culture duration on fed‐batch CHO cell culture
Authors: Fan Yuzhou , Jimenez Del Val Ioscani , Müller Christian , Lund Anne Mathilde , Sen Jette Wagtberg , Rasmussen Søren Kofoed , Kontoravdi Cleo , Baycin‐Hizal Deniz , Betenbaugh Michael J. , Weilguny Dietmar , Andersen Mikael Rørdam 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTIn this study, omics‐based analysis tools were used to explore the effect of glucose starvation and culture duration on monoclonal antibody (mAb) production in fed‐batch CHO cell culture to gain better insight into how these parameters can be controlled to ensure optimal mAb productivity and quality. Titer and N‐glycosylation of mAbs, as well as proteomic signature and metabolic status of the production cells in the culture were assessed. We found that the impact of glucose starvation on the titer and N‐glycosylation of mAbs was dependent on the degree of starvation during early stationary phase of the fed‐batch culture. Higher degree of glucose starvation reduced intracellular concentrations of UDP‐GlcNAc and UDP‐GalNAc, but increased the levels of UDP‐Glc and UDP‐Gal. Increased GlcNAc and Gal occupancy correlated well with increased degree of glucose starvation, which can be attributed to the interplay between the dilution effect associated with change in specific productivity of mAbs and the changed nucleotide sugar metabolism. Herein, we also show and discuss that increased cell culture duration negatively affect the maturation of glycans. In addition, comparative proteomics analysis of cells was conducted to observe differences in protein abundance between early growth and early stationary phases. Generally higher expression of proteins involved in regulating cellular metabolism, extracellular matrix, apoptosis, protein secretion and glycosylation was found in early stationary phase. These analyses offered a systematic view of the intrinsic properties of these cells and allowed us to explore the root causes correlating culture duration with variations in the productivity and glycosylation quality of monoclonal antibodies produced with CHO cells. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 2172–2184. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Conditions Favoring the Formation of Monomeric PtIII Derivatives in the Electrochemical Oxidation of trans‐[PtII{(p‐BrC6F4)NCH2CH2NEt2}Cl(py)]
Authors: Ojha Ruchika , Nafady Ayman , Shiddiky M. J. A. , Mason Dayna , Boas John F. , Torriero Angel A. J. , Bond Alan M. , Deacon Glen B. , Junk Peter C. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCharacterization of the anticancer active compound trans‐[PtII{(p‐BrC6F4)NCH2CH2NEt2}Cl(py)] is described along with identification of electrochemical conditions that favor formation of a monomeric one‐electron‐oxidized PtIII derivative. The square‐planar organoamidoplatinum(II) compound was synthesized through a carbon dioxide elimination reaction. Structural characterization by using single‐crystal X‐Ray diffraction reveals a trans configuration with respect to donor atoms of like charges. As PtIII intermediates have been implicated in the reactions of platinum anticancer agents, electrochemical conditions favoring the formation of one‐electron‐oxidized species were sought. Transient cyclic voltammetry at fast scan rates or steady‐state rotating disc and microelectrode techniques in a range of molecular solvents and an ionic liquid confirm the existence of a well‐defined, chemically and electrochemically reversible one‐electron oxidation process that, under suitable conditions, generates a PtIII complex, which is proposed to be monomeric [PtIII{(p‐BrC6F4)NCH2CH2NEt2}Cl(py)]+. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectra obtained from highly non‐coordinating dichloromethane/([Bu4N][B(C6F5)4]) solutions, frozen to liquid nitrogen temperature immediately after bulk electrolysis in a glove box, support the PtIII assignment rather than formation of a PtII cation radical. However, the voltammetric behavior is highly dependent on the timescale of the experiments, temperature, concentration of trans‐[PtII{(p‐BrC6F4)NCH2CH2NEt2}‐ Cl(py)], and the solvent/electrolyte. In the low‐polarity solvent CH2Cl2 containing the very weakly coordinating electrolyte [Bu4N][B(C6F5)4], a well‐defined reversible one‐electron oxidation process is observed on relatively long timescales, which is consistent with the stabilization of the cationic platinum(III) complex in non‐coordinating media. Bulk electrolysis of low concentrations of [Pt{(p‐BrC6F4)NCH2CH2NEt2}Cl(py)] favors the formation of monomeric [PtIII{(p‐BrC6F4)NCH2CH2NEt2}Cl(py)]+. Simulations allow the reversible potential of the PtII/PtIII process and the diffusion coefficient of [PtIII{(p‐BrC6F4)‐ NCH2CH2NEt2}Cl(py)]+ to be calculated. Reversible electrochemical behavior, giving rise to monomeric platinum(III) derivatives, is rare in the field of platinum chemistry.
Approaching ‘Kit‐Type’ Labelling with 68Ga: The DATA Chelators
Authors: Seemann Johanna , Waldron Bradley P. , Roesch Frank , Parker David 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe DATA chelators are a novel class of tri‐anionic ligands based on 6‐amino‐1,4‐diazepine‐triacetic acid, which have been introduced recently for the chelation of 68Ga. Compared with macrocyclic chelators based on the cyclen scaffold (i.e., DOTA, DO3A, and DO2A derivatives), DATA chelators undergo quantitative radiolabelling more rapidly and under milder conditions. In this study, a systematic evaluation of the labelling of four DATA chelators—DATAM, DATAP, DATAPh, and DATAPPh—with 68Ga is presented. The results highlight the extraordinary potential of this new class of chelators for application in molecular imaging using 68Ga positron emission tomography (PET).
How Does Peripheral Functionalization of Ruthenium(II)–Terpyridine Complexes Affect Spatial Charge Redistribution after Photoexcitation at the Franck–Condon Point?
Authors: Preiß Julia , Jäger Michael , Rau Sven , Dietzek Benjamin , Popp Jürgen , Martínez Todd , Presselt Martin 
Published: April 2015

AbstractRuthenium polypyridine‐type complexes are extensively used sensitizers to convert solar energy into chemical and/or electrical energy, and they can be tailored through their metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer (MLCT) properties. Much work has been directed at harnessing the triplet MLCT state in photoinduced processes, from sophisticated molecular architectures to dye‐sensitized solar cells. In dye‐sensitized solar cells, strong coupling to the semiconductor exploits the high reactivity of the (hot) singlet/triplet MLCT state. In this work, we explore the nature of the 1MLCT states of remotely substituted RuII model complexes by both experimental and theoretical techniques. Two model complexes with electron‐withdrawing (i.e. NO2) and electron‐donating (i.e. NH2) groups were synthesized; these complexes contained a phenylene spacer to serve as a spectroscopic handle and to confirm the contribution of the remote substituent to the 1MLCT transition. [Ru(tpy)2]2+‐based complexes (tpy=2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine) were further desymmetrized by tert‐butyl groups to yield unidirectional 1MLCTs with large transition dipole moments, which are beneficial for related directional charge‐transfer processes. Detailed comparison of experimental spectra (deconvoluted UV/Vis and resonance Raman spectroscopy data) with theoretical calculations based on density functional theory (including vibronic broadening) revealed different properties of the optically active bright 1MLCT states already at the Franck–Condon point.
Synthetic Approaches to Anti‐Inflammatory Macrolactones of the Oxacyclododecindione Type
Authors: Tauber Johannes , Rudolph Kristina , Rohr Markus , Erkel Gerhard , Opatz Till 
Published: April 2015

AbstractVarious synthetic approaches to the oxacyclododecindione‐type macrolactones, known for their potent anti‐inflammatory activity, are presented. These include an attempted carbonylative ring closure, a hydroacylation route, and an approach by ring‐closing metathesis and double bond isomerization, as well as a strategy including ring‐closing metathesis/unsaturation. The last route allowed the preparation of a bioactive analogue of the recently described 14‐deoxyoxacyclododecindione.
Highly Selective Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Sensor for Indium Detection Based on Recognition of In‐Alizarin Complexes
Authors: Zhang Lianming , Li Jianping , Zeng Ying , Meng Linghao , Fu Cong 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA highly selective molecularly imprinted polymer electrochemical sensor for In3+ detection was proposed. In3+ ion was chelated with alizarin red S to form a complex In‐ARS. The complex was used as the template molecule to prepare a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) based sensor. The selectivity of the sensor was improved significantly due to the three‐dimensional specific structure of the complex, and the selective complexation of ligands for metal ions. Moreover, the sensitivity of the proposed sensor was improved by recording the reductive current of ligand in complex. This technique was highly sensitive for quantitative analysis of In3+ in the concentrations ranged from 1×10−8 mol/L to 2.5×10−7 mol/L with a detection limit of 4.7×10−9 mol/L. The proposed sensor has been successfully used in detecting In3+ in real samples.
An Amperometric Biological Toxic Hydrazine Sensor Based on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and Iron Tetrasulfonated Phthalocyanine Composite Modified Electrode
Authors: Devasenathipathy Rajkumar , Palanisamy Selvakumar , Chen Shen‐Ming , Karuppiah Chelladurai , Mani Veerappan , Ramaraj Sayee Kannan , Ajmal Ali M. , Al‐Hemaid Fahad M. A. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractHydrazines are well‐known for their diverse biological properties but especially for their toxicity. An amperometric hydrazine sensor was developed at multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and iron tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine (FeTsPc) composite modified electrode for the first time. The TEM and UV‐Vis spectroscopy results revealed the successful formation of MWCNT/FeTsPc composite. Compared with the response of MWCNT and FeTsPc modified electrodes, the MWCNT/FeTsPc composite showed enhanced oxidation current response with lower overpotential for hydrazine. Under optimum conditions, the amperometric i–t response of hydrazine was linear in the concentration range from 100 nM L−1 to 3 μM L−1 with the detection limit of 7.6 nM L−1. The response time of hydrazine was found as 6 s with a high sensitivity of 7.615 μA/μM L−1 cm−2.
Waterborne exposure to microcystin-LR causes thyroid hormone metabolism disturbances in juvenile Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus)
Authors: Liu Zidong , Li Dapeng , Wang Ying , Guo Wei , Gao Yu , Tang Rong 
Published: April 2015

Abstract

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) has the potential to disturb thyroid hormone homeostasis, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms of MC-LR in fish. In the present study, juvenile Chinese rare minnows (Gobiocypris rarus) were exposed to various concentrations of MC-LR (0 µg/L, 50 µg/L, 100 µg/L, and 500 µg/L) for 7 d. The whole-body thyroid hormone content, the histology of thyroid follicle epithelial cells, the activities of hepatic iodothyronine deiodinases, and the transcription of selected genes associated with thyroid hormone synthesis, transport, and metabolism were analyzed. Following exposure to MC-LR, whole-body concentrations of both thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) were significantly decreased. The levels of messenger RNA for sodium/iodide symporter, transthyretin, thyroid hormone receptor-α, iodothyronine deiodinase2, and iodothyronine deiodinase3 were significantly down-regulated after exposure to 500 µg/L MC-LR. A significant decrease in ID2 activity was also observed in the 500-µg/L MC-LR exposure group. Moreover, hypertrophy of thyroid follicle epithelial cells was observed after exposure to MC-LR. The results indicate that acute MC-LR exposure has the potential to disturb the homeostasis of thyroid hormone metabolism, leading to a hypothyroidism state in the juvenile Chinese rare minnow. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:2033–2040. © 2015 SETAC
High-throughput concentration–response analysis for omics datasets
Authors: Smetanová Soňa , Riedl Janet , Zitzkat Dimitar , Altenburger Rolf , Busch Wibke 
Published: April 2015

Abstract

Omics-based methods are increasingly used in current ecotoxicology. Therefore, a large number of observations for various toxic substances and organisms are available and may be used for identifying modes of action, adverse outcome pathways, or novel biomarkers. For these purposes, good statistical analysis of toxicogenomic data is vital. In contrast to established ecotoxicological techniques, concentration–response modeling is rarely used for large datasets. Instead, statistical hypothesis testing is prevalent, which provides only a limited scope for inference. The present study therefore applied automated concentration–response modeling for 3 different ecotoxicotranscriptomic and ecotoxicometabolomic datasets. The modeling process was performed by simultaneously applying 9 different regression models, representing distinct mechanistic, toxicological, and statistical ideas that result in different curve shapes. The best-fitting models were selected by using Akaike's information criterion. The linear and exponential models represented the best data description for more than 50% of responses. Models generating U-shaped curves were frequently selected for transcriptomic signals (30%), and sigmoid models were identified as best fit for many metabolomic signals (21%). Thus, selecting the models from an array of different types seems appropriate, because concentration–response functions may vary because of the observed response type, and they also depend on the compound, the organism, and the investigated concentration and exposure duration range. The application of concentration–response models can help to further tap the potential of omics data and is a necessary step for quantitative mixture effect assessment at the molecular response level. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:2167–2180. © 2015 SETAC
In vitro study of biocompatibility of a graphene composite with gold nanoparticles and hydroxyapatite on human osteoblasts
Authors: Crisan Liana , Crisan Bogdan , Soritau Olga , Baciut Mihaela , Biris Alexandru Radu , Baciut Grigore , Lucaciu Ondine 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of some composites consisting of different proportions of graphene in combination with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) on osteoblast viability, proliferation and differentiation. Au/HA@graphene composites synthesized by the catalytic chemical vapor deposition induction heating method with acetylene as the carbon source and over an Au/HA catalyst, were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and Raman spectroscopy and showed that the few‐layer graphene was grown over the Au/HA catalyst. The cytocompatibility study was performed using the fluorescein diacetate assay for assessment of the viability and proliferation of osteoblasts cultivated in the presence of HA, Au/HA and Au/HA@graphene composites as colloidal suspensions or as substrates. The most favorable composites for cell adhesion and proliferation were HA, Au/HA and Au/HA composites with 1.6% and 3.15% concentration of graphenes. Immunocytochemical staining performed after 19 days of osteoblasts cultivation on substrates showed that the graphene composites induced low expression of alkaline phosphatase compared to the control group and HA and Au/HA substrates. The presence of graphene in the substrate composition also induced an increased level of intracellular osteopontin and cytoskeleton reorganization (actin‐F) depending on graphene concentration, suggesting cell activation, increased cellular adhesion and acquisition of a mechanosensorial osteocyte phenotype. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vitro neurotoxicity evaluation of piperazine designer drugs in differentiated human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells
Authors: Arbo M. D. , Silva R. , Barbosa D. J. , da Silva D. Dias , Silva S. P. , Teixeira J. P. , Bastos M. L. , Carmo H. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAbuse of synthetic drugs is widespread worldwide. Studies indicate that piperazine designer drugs act as substrates at dopaminergic and serotonergic receptors and/or transporters in the brain. This work aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity of N‐benzylpiperazine, 1‐(3‐trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine, 1‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)piperazine and 1‐(3,4‐methylenedioxybenzyl)piperazine in the differentiated human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cell line. Cytotoxicity was evaluated after 24 h incubations through the MTT reduction and neutral red uptake assays. Oxidative stress (reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production and glutathione content) and energetic (ATP content) parameters, as well as intracellular Ca2+, mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA damage (comet assay) and cell death mode were also evaluated. Complete cytotoxicity curves were obtained after 24 h incubations with each drug. A significant decrease in intracellular total glutathione content was noted for all the tested drugs. All drugs caused a significant increase of intracellular free Ca2+ levels, accompanied by mitochondrial hyperpolarization. However, ATP levels remained unchanged. The investigation of cell death mode revealed a predominance of early apoptotic cells. No genotoxicity was found in the comet assay. Among the tested drugs, 1‐(3‐trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine was the most cytotoxic. Overall, piperazine designer drugs are potentially neurotoxic, supporting concerns on risks associated with the abuse of these drugs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Piperine From Black Pepper Inhibits Activation‐Induced Proliferation and Effector Function of T Lymphocytes
Authors: Doucette Carolyn D. , Rodgers Gemma , Liwski Robert S. , Hoskin David W. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTPiperine is a major alkaloid component of black pepper (Piper nigrum Linn), which is a widely consumed spice. Here, we investigated the effect of piperine on mouse T lymphocyte activation. Piperine inhibited polyclonal and antigen‐specific T lymphocyte proliferation without affecting cell viability. Piperine also suppressed T lymphocyte entry into the S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle, and decreased expression of G1‐associated cyclin D3, CDK4, and CDK6. In addition, piperine inhibited CD25 expression, synthesis of interferon‐γ, interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐4, and IL‐17A, and the generation of cytotoxic effector cells. The inhibitory effect of piperine on T lymphocytes was associated with hypophosphorylation of Akt, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase, and inhibitor of κBα, but not ZAP‐70. The ability of piperine to inhibit several key signaling pathways involved in T lymphocyte activation and the acquisition of effector function suggests that piperine might be useful in the management of T lymphocyte‐mediated autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2577–2588, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.