bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Virtual Reality in the Management of Anxiety and Pain Peri-Treatment for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: LU Mingqin , SONG Yuting , NIU Yushuo , LIU Ting , GE Song , SUN Yaru , WANG Xin , LUO Ying , LI Kuinan , YANG Xiuling 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in humans. Its therapy procedures such as breast biopsy can cause anxiety and persistent pain in patients. Virtual reality (VR) has been applied to promote comfort in various populations. However, the effectiveness of VR in relieving pain and anxiety in patients undergoing breast cancer treatment is unclear.

Purpose
This study was designed to examine the effect of VR on anxiety and pain in people undergoing treatment for breast cancer.

Methods
PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and MEDLINE databases were searched for studies involving VR, pain, and anxiety in patients with breast cancer published up to March 2022. The Cochrane Handbook for Systems quality evaluation standard 6.3.0 was followed to assess risk of bias in the identified studies, with the results reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Subsequently, a meta-analysis of the included data was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software.

Results
Six randomized controlled trials and one quasi-experimental study were included. The strength of the evidence ranged from moderate to high. Although VR was found to ameliorate anxiety in patients with breast cancer, only three studies showed statistically significant changes. All of the included studies reported statistically significant improvement in pain levels. In addition, two of the studies reported cybersickness symptoms as a common side effect of VR.

Conclusions
VR has an important role to play in alleviating pain in patients with breast cancer. However, evidence demonstrating VR's importance in alleviating anxiety symptoms in this population is insufficient. Studies conducted with larger sample sizes and high-quality research methodologies will be necessary to clarify this issue. Clinical nurses should address the potential side effects of VR.
Clinical Learning and LGBTQ+ Health: Summary of a LGBTQ+ Health Clinical Rotation
Authors: Jones Quinnette , Batchelder Heather , Kelley Carly 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
People who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and people who identify as something else (LGBTQ+) experience barriers to health care including a lack of health care providers adequately prepared to care for them. The literature describing LGBTQ+-focused didactic learning activities has increased in recent years, however remains limited with respect to clinical learning experiences. This publication describes the development and implementation of a clinical rotation for Physician Assistant (PA) students focused on caring for LGBTQ+ patients.

Methods
A 4-week LGBTQ+ Health clinical rotation was developed for PA students through collaboration with multiple clinical sites. Students (n = 6) were surveyed before and after completion of the clinical rotation on their knowledge, comfort, and confidence in caring for LGBTQ+ patients and to identify learning priorities. Paired t tests were used to compare quantitative pre and post data. Two reviewers independently reviewed qualitative data.

Results
Improvement in students' knowledge, comfort, and confidence were statistically significant from prerotation to postrotation surveys. Student ratings on standard course evaluations showed positive ratings for all course elements. Qualitative analysis showed that all students identified learning more about trans-related health care as a learning priority.

Discussion
Clinical rotations focused on the care of LGBTQ+ patients are valuable learning experiences which can support increased student knowledge, comfort, and confidence. Clinically based educational interventions may be one strategy in addressing the health disparities experienced by LGBTQ+ people.
Unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donor registries: present reality and future prospects
Authors: Schmidt Alexander H. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
Stem cell donor registries play an important role in providing stem cell products from unrelated donors to patients with severe blood diseases. In this review, important aspects of donor registry work, current challenges and possible future developments are discussed.

Recent findings
The current growth in global unrelated stem cell donations is in line with the long-term trend, indicating that donor registries have overcome the COVID-19 pandemic. A key challenge for donor registries is the recruitment of donors from disadvantaged populations to create greater equity in access to unrelated stem cell transplantation. In addition, recruiting young donors and increasing the availability of donors who are already registered are important goals. In recent years, numerous studies have looked at the context of these themes and the development of possible solutions.

Summary
The international community of donor registries, together with the World Marrow Donor Association, has helped many patients in need of a stem cell transplant over the past decades and is, therefore, a bright example of international collaboration for a good cause. It is currently addressing a number of challenges to effectively help as many patients as possible from various populations also in the future.
The Effect of Foot Reflexology on Pain and Kinesiophobia in Patients Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Özbaş Nilgün , Şahan Nilay , Aydın Erbil 
Published: July 2024

Nonpharmacological methods are used in the management of pain and kinesiophobia following total knee arthroplasty. The aim of this double-blind randomized controlled trial was to examine the effect of foot reflexology on pain and kinesiophobia in patients following total knee arthroplasty. A total of 40 patients (20 in the control group and 20 in the intervention group) were randomly assigned to either of two groups for the study. The intervention group was exposed to foot reflexology. Postoperative Visual Analog Scale scores decreased faster in the intervention group compared to the control group (F = 80.417; p < .001; η2 = 0.685). The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores decreased in the intervention group over time, while they increased in the control group (p < .05). While a gradual increase was observed in the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia scores in the control group, there was a decrease in the intervention group (F = 84.860; p < .001; η2 = 0.696). The amount of analgesics used was lower in the intervention group (p < .05). Foot reflexology can be applied as an effective and safe method to manage pain and kinesiophobia in total knee arthroplasty patients.
Impact of Adenomyosis on In Vitro Fertilization Outcomes in Women Undergoing Donor Oocyte Transfers: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Cozzolino Mauro , Cosentino Martina , Loiudice Luisa , Martire Francesco Giuseppe , Galliano Daniela , Pellicer Antonio , Exacoustos Caterina 
Published: July 2024

(Abstracted from Fertil Steril 2024;121(3))
Adenomyosis is a common gynecological condition characterized by the invasion of endometrial glands and stroma from the basal layer of the endometrium into the myometrium. Although adenomyosis is frequently discovered in the diagnostic workup of couples with infertility, it is unclear whether adenomyosis causes infertility.
Effects of Obesity on Urogynecologic Prolapse Surgery Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ringel Nancy E. , Lenger Stacy M. , High Rachel , Alas Alexandriah , Houlihan Sara , Chang Olivia H. , Pennycuff Jon , Singh Ruchira , White Amanda , Lipitskaia Lioudmila , Behbehani Sadikah , Sheyn David , Kudish Bela , Nihira Mikio , Sleemi Ambereen , Grimes Cara , Gupta Ankita , Balk Ethan M. , Antosh Danielle D. 
Published: July 2024

(Abstracted from Obstet Gynecol 2024;143:539–549)
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common condition, and surgical repair will take place for as many as 12.6% of women at some point in their lifetime.
Describing the Heterogeneity of Clinical Utilization of Congenital Syphilis Diagnostic Modalities Among Major United States Tertiary Children's Hospitals, 2017–2022
Authors: Flores John M. , Grills Natalie , Kane Jason M. , Immergluck Lilly Cheng , Kasal Nikki , Kumar Madan , Bartlett Allison H. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This retrospective cohort study drawing data from 48 major tertiary children's hospitals found heterogeneity in the diagnosis and management of congenital syphilis despite Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guideline recommendations. The noted overall rise in the number of congenital syphilis cases mirrors the nationwide increase.
Congenital Syphilis—Comprehensive Narrative Review of Alternative Antibiotic Treatment for Use in Neonates
Authors: Villarreal Diana D. , Le Jennifer , Klausner Jeffrey D. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Congenital syphilis rates increased 10-fold from 2012 to 2022 in the United States. Currently, the therapeutic standard of care is 10 days of intravenous aqueous crystalline penicillin G, with very limited evidence for alternatives. A long course of intravenous antibiotic requires hospitalization that is both costly and burdensome for the child and the family. Fortunately, Treponema pallidum retains susceptibility to other antibiotics based on minimum inhibitory concentrations. Based on the evidence of safety and efficacy of different antibiotics for use in neonates, ceftriaxone emerges as a potential parenteral candidate, and amoxicillin emerges as a potential oral candidate for the treatment of congenital syphilis. Other therapeutic alternatives include cefotaxime (where available), ampicillin, doxycycline, cefixime, and linezolid.
Effect of a behavior change intervention on complementary food contamination in rural Bangladesh: a cluster-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nurul Huda Tarique Md. , Müller-Hauser Anna A. , Sobhan Shafinaz , Hossain Md. Shaheen , Sultana Jesmin , Rahman Mahbubur , Islam Mohammad Aminul , Gautam Om Prasad , Wendt Amanda S. , Waid Jillian L. , Gabrysch Sabine 
Published: July 2024

AbstractChildren in low-resource settings often consume microbially contaminated food, posing a risk to their health. We evaluated the impact of a food hygiene intervention on complementary food contamination in Bangladesh. A three-year homestead food production intervention was complemented by an eight-month behavior change module to improve household food hygiene practices and evaluated in a cluster-randomized controlled trial including a dedicated study measuring outcomes along the hygiene pathway to intestinal health. In this analysis, we used multilevel regression to assess the intervention’s impact on microbial food contamination, as well as on food hygiene knowledge (n=518) and reported practices (n=531) among mothers of children aged 6-23 months. Complementary food samples were collected from 342 households with children aged 6-18 months and tested forEscherichia coli. Overall, 46% of food samples were contaminated withEscherichia coli(42% intervention, 49% control), and there was no evidence that the intervention reduced food contamination (Odds Ratio: 0.7, 95% CI: 0.3-1.2, p=0.18). A higher proportion of intervention mothers could name all key food hygiene practices (22% intervention vs. 0% control), had access to a basic handwashing station near the kitchen (24% vs. 14%, p=0.03), reported washing hands before food preparation and child feeding (21% vs. 8%, p=0.001), washing and storing feeding utensils safely (61% vs. 49%, p=0.02), and preparing food fresh or reheating stored food (88% vs. 79%, p=0.03), compared to control mothers. The intervention thus improved knowledge and reported food hygiene practices among mothers, but this improvement did not result in a substantial reduction of complementary food contamination.Trial registration numberNCT02505711
Brief sleep disruption alters synaptic structures among hippocampal and neocortical somatostatin-expressing interneurons
Authors: Raven Frank , Medina Alexis Vega , Schmidt Kailynn , He Annie , Vankampen Anna A. , Balendran Vinodh , Aton Sara J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStudy objectivesBrief sleep loss alters cognition and synaptic structures of principal neurons in hippocampus and neocortex. However, whilein vivorecording and bioinformatic data suggest that inhibitory interneurons are more strongly affected by sleep loss, it is unclear how sleep and sleep deprivation affect interneurons’ synapses. Disruption of the SST+ interneuron population seems to be a critical early sign of neuropathology in Alzheimer’s dementia, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder - and the risk of developing all three is increased by habitual sleep loss. We aimed to test how the synaptic structures of SST+ interneurons in various brain regions are affected by brief sleep disruption.MethodsWe used Brainbow 3.0 to label SST+ interneurons in the dorsal hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and visual cortex of maleSST-CREtransgenic mice, then compared synaptic structures in labeled neurons after a 6-h period ofad libsleep, or gentle handling sleep deprivation (SD) starting at lights on.ResultsDendritic spine density among SST+ interneurons in both hippocampus and neocortex was altered in a subregion-specific manner, with increased overall and thin spine density in CA1, dramatic increases in spine volume and surface area in CA3, and small but significant changes (primarily decreases) in spine size in CA1, PFC and V1.ConclusionsOur suggest that the synaptic connectivity of SST+ interneurons is significantly altered in a brain region-specific manner by a few hours of sleep loss. This suggests a cell type-specific mechanism by which sleep loss disrupts cognition and alters excitatory-inhibitory balance in brain networks.Significance StatementChanges to the function of somatostatin-expressing (SST+) interneurons have been implicated in the etiology of psychiatric and neurological disorders in which both cognition and sleep behavior are affected. Here, we measure the effects of very brief experimental sleep deprivation on synaptic structures of SST+ interneurons in hippocampus and neocortex, in brain structures critical for sleep-dependent memory processing. We find that only six hours of sleep deprivation restructures SST+ interneurons’ dendritic spines, causing widespread and subregion-specific changes to spine density and spine size. These changes have the potential to dramatically alter excitatory-inhibitory balance across these brain networks, leading to cognitive disruptions commonly associated with sleep loss.
ASSOCIATION OF ANEMIA WITH HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS IN MERU, KENYA
Authors: Issack Nasteha Adan , Kamolo Elizabeth , Simam Joan J , Onyambu Frank G. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTAnemia is a prevalent hematological complication in HIV patients, significantly impacting their health-related quality of life, morbidity, disease progression, and mortality. Despite its importance, there is a lack of information specifically focused on the impact of anemia on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of HIV-infected individuals in Meru County, Kenya. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia, identifying its predisposing factors, and assess its impact on HRQoL among HIV-infected individuals attending Meru Teaching and Referral Hospital (MeTRH).A total of 354 adult participants (76.1% women, 24.9% men) were enrolled for the study at MeTRH between May and August 2022. Demographic and clinical data were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Hemoglobin levels were analyzed using an automated hemoglobin analyzer and anemia was defined according to WHO criteria (hemoglobin <11.5 g/dL for non-pregnant women, <12.5 g/dL for men). HRQoL was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF tool across physical, psychological, social, and environment domains. To identify factors associated with anemia, logistic regression was used. Linear regression was applied to analyze the relationship between HRQoL mean scores and anemia status.The prevalence of anemia in the study population was 12.4%, 11.4% in men and 12.8% in women. The level of education was the only sociodemographic factor found to be significantly associated with anemia status. Among the clinical factors, period of HIV positivity and CD4 count were found to be significantly associated with anemia status. The mean HRQOL score of the physical domain was statistically significantly different between the anemic and non-anemic groups. Furthermore, we found that anemia status was significantly associated with the physical domain of HRQoL after adjusting for period of HIV positivity, level of education and CD4 count (p = 0.02).Anemia impacts the physical HRQoL in HIV patients, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive management strategies. Implementing a holistic approach to enhance physical well-being for these individuals is crucial in Meru County and similar resource-limited settings.
Gut microbiome and lichen sclerosus: a two-sample bi-directional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chen Jiayan , Wang Peiyan , Xiao Changji , Kelaimu Kalibinuer , Gao Xianshu , Li Xiaomei , Hu Jun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract(1)BackgroundRecent studies suggest a potential link between gut microbiomes (GMs) and inflammatory diseases, but the role of GMs in lichen sclerosus (LS) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the causal relationship between GMs and LS, focusing on key GM taxa.(2)MethodsWe utilized GWAS summary statistics for 211 GM taxa and their association with 2,445 LS patients and 353,088 healthy controls, employing Mendelian randomization (MR). GWAS data for GM taxa came from the MiBioGen consortium, and for LS from the FinnGen consortium. The primary analytical tools included the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, weighted MR, simple mode, weighted median, and MR-Egger methods. Sensitivity analyses included leave-one-out analysis, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO global test, and Cochrane’s Q-test. A reverse MR analysis was conducted on bacteria identified in the forward MR study.(3)ResultsWe identified one strong causal relationship: orderBurkholderiales[odds ratio (OR) = 0.420, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.230 - 0.765, p = 0.005], and three nominally significant relationships: phylumCyanobacteria(OR = 0.585, 95% CI: 0.373 - 0.919, p = 0.020), classBetaproteobacteria(OR = 0.403, 95% CI: 0.189 - 0.857, p = 0.018), and genusButyrivibrio(OR = 0.678, 95% CI: 0.507 - 0.907, p = 0.009). Moreover, this MR analysis was not impacted by horizontal pleiotropy, according to the MR-Egger intercept test and MR-PRESSO global test (p > 0.05). Remarkably, the reliability of our results was confirmed by leave-one-out analysis. Reverse MR analysis showed no significant causal relationship between LS and GM.(4)ConclusionsThis MR study identifies specific gut flora linked to a lower risk of LS, offering new insights for disease treatment and prevention. Future research should incorporate metagenomics sequencing of extensive microbiome GWAS datasets.
Molecular insights into the modulation of the 5HT2Areceptor by serotonin, psilocin, and the G protein subunit Gqα
Authors: Viohl Niklas , Zanjani Ali Asghar Hakami , Khandelia Himanshu 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARYThe 5HT2Areceptor (5HT2AR) is a G protein-coupled receptor that drives many neuronal functions and is one of the primary targets for psychedelic drugs, which have recently shown promise in treating mental disorders. Understanding ligand interactions and conformational transitions is essential for developing effective pharmaceuticals, but mechanistic details of 5HT2AR activation and ligand binding modes remain poorly understood. We conducted all-atom molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations of the active and inactive forms of 5HT2AR with psilocin and serotonin. Both serotonin and psilocin have higher binding affinities for the orthosteric binding pocket than the extended binding pocket. Active state 5HT2AR collapses to a closed state in the absence of Gqα. We also discover a ‘partially-open’ receptor conformation that is intermediate between the active and inactive states. Our discoveries can inform the design of new pharmaceuticals that target specific receptor conformations, potentially leading to more effective treatments for mental disorders.
Content-based image retrieval assists radiologists in diagnosing eye and orbital mass lesions in MRI
Authors: Rumberger J. Lorenz , Lim Winna , Wildfeuer Benjamin , Sodemann Elisa B. , Lecler Augustin , Stemplinger Simon , Issever Ahi Sema , Sepahdari Ali R. , Langner Sönke , Kainmueller Dagmar , Hamm Bernd , Erb-Eigner Katharina 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundDiagnoses of eye and orbit pathologies by radiological imaging is challenging due to their low prevalence and the relative high number of possible pathologies and variability in presentation, thus requiring substantial domain-specific experience.PurposeThis study investigates whether a content-based image retrieval (CBIR) tool paired with a curated database of orbital MRI cases with verified diagnoses can enhance diagnostic accuracy and reduce reading time for radiologists across different experience levels.Material and MethodsWe tested these two hypotheses in a multi-reader, multi-case study, with 36 readers and 48 retrospective eye and orbit MRI cases. We asked each reader to diagnose eight orbital MRI cases, four while having only status quo reference tools available (e.g.Radiopaedia.org, StatDx, etc.), and four while having a CBIR reference tool additionally available. Then, we analyzed and compared the results with linear mixed effects models, controlling for the cases and participants.ResultsOverall, we found a strong positive effect on diagnostic accuracy when using the CBIR tool only as compared to using status quo tools only (status quo only 55.88%, CBIR only 70.59%, 26.32% relative improvement, p=.03, odds ratio=2.07), and an even stronger effect when using the CBIR tool in conjunction with status quo tools (status quo only 55.88%, CBIR + status quo 83.33%, 49% relative improvement, p=.02, odds ratio=3.65). Reading time in seconds (s) decreased when using only the CBIR tool (status quo only 334s, CBIR only 236s, 29% decrease, p<.001), but increased when used in conjunction with status quo tools (status quo only 334s, CBIR + status quo 396s, 19% increase, p<.001).ConclusionWe found significant positive effects on diagnostic accuracy and mixed effects on reading times when using the CBIR reference tool, indicating the potential benefits when using CBIR reference tools in diagnosing eye and orbit mass lesions by radiological imaging.SummaryUsing a content-based image retrieval tool significantly improved diagnostic accuracy and had mixed effects on reading time for diagnosing MRI exams of patients with eye and orbit pathologies.Key ResultsUsing the CBIR tool alone improved diagnostic accuracy from 55.88% to 70.59% (odds ratio=2.07, p=.03) and decreased reading time from 334s to 236s (p<.001) compared to SQ alone.Using CBIR together with SQ tools further increased accuracy to 83.33% (odds ratio=3.65, p=.02) but increased reading time to 396s (p<.001) compared to SQ only.