bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multi‐method geophysical approach based on fuzzy logic for an integrated interpretation of landslides: application to the French Alps
Authors: Grandjean Gilles 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTPhysics‐based, such as seismic surveying or electrical resistivity imaging, appear to be efficient in investigating landslide structures and, consequently, for understanding related mechanisms of deformation. They are non‐intrusive probing methods that allow the direct measurement of compressional (P), shear (S) wave velocities and also electrical resistivity, three geophysical parameters that are considered as determinants in defining ground properties and identifying anomalies related to structural (faults, fissures), lithological (sand to clay, or calcareous variations) and hydrological (moisture, water flow) conditions. Both the seismic and resistivity methods are commonly used for landslide investigations, having been tested over the last decade or more on various types of landslides, including mudslides, debris flows, unstable slopes, etc. The common approach in these earlier experiments has been to invert the P‐ and S‐wave velocity fields, plus the electrical resistivity field, using suitable algorithms to produce two‐dimensional P‐ and S‐wave velocities and resistivity tomograms. A coherent and integrated interpretation of the resulting information is, however, not straightforward because each geophysical method is sensitive to different soil properties.An innovative approach has thus been developed to combine the geophysical parameters imaged on tomograms and convert them into different geological or geomechanical cross‐sections. Knowing that seismic data provide information on variations in fissure density and the presence of sheared materials and that electrical resistivity data provide information on variations in water content, the final cross‐sections are computed by combining different transformation functions able to model the conversion from geophysical parameters to ground properties. The computations are realized in a framework of the fuzzy‐set mathematical theory that maintains a certain level of objectivity and is able to manage uncertainties. The basics of this approach are explained through a brief presentation of the theory of data fusion with emphasis on how uncertainties are taken into account. The results obtained from case studies in the French Alps are then discussed in terms of reliability and compared with available ground reality obtained from surface observations and borehole descriptions.
Spectral induced polarization measurements on variably saturated sand‐clay mixtures
Authors: Breede K. , Kemna A. , Esser O. , Zimmermann E. , Vereecken H. , Huisman J.A. 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTElectrical spectral induced polarization (SIP) measurements are increasingly being used in environmental studies of the saturated zone. To better understand the mechanisms causing polarization and to extend the range of SIP applications to the vadose zone, it is important to investigate how the SIP response is affected by water saturation. Therefore, sand and sand‐clay mixtures were drained in several steps using a novel measurement set‐up allowing SIP measurements with a high accuracy. The measured SIP spectra were interpreted by Debye decomposition, which provided a relaxation time distribution and a chargeability distribution that was converted to a normalized total chargeability. The results showed that the normalized total chargeability of the fully saturated samples increased with increasing clay content due to the larger specific surface area of the clay minerals. Furthermore, normalized total chargeability first increased and then decreased with decreasing saturation for the pure sand and the 5% sand‐clay mixture. The normalized total chargeability values for the 10% and 20% sand‐clay mixtures only decreased with saturation. The peak relaxation time of the sand‐clay mixtures clearly decreased with decreasing saturation. Existing grain‐size based mechanistic models for SIP are not able to explain the observed behaviour and the observed relationship between relaxation time and saturation suggests that model concepts relying on polarization processes in the pore space are warranted to explain the measurements on variably saturated porous media presented here.
Progrès de la médecine, progrès technologiques et pratiques cliniques : les soignants se racontent
Authors: Fortin Sylvie , Maynard Serge 
Published: November 2012

À partir d’une étude anthropologique des pratiques cliniques en milieux de soins tertiaires, cet article s’intéresse aux défis posés par les progrès médicaux et technologiques en unités de soins intensifs (aigus) et en unités d’oncologie pédiatrique (chroniques). Ces progrès interpellent quotidiennement médecins et personnel infirmier, posant des défis pour lesquels peu de réponses existent. Normes et valeurs s’actualisent en ces lieux où des enjeux entourant la vie, la “qualité” de vie, et la mort sont quotidiens. L’hôpital pédiatrique est certes un endroit où tous les espoirs sont permis. C’est aussi un lieu où la mort est à apprivoiser ; elle devient un choix, s’imposant rarement d’elle-même. Sur la base des témoignages des soignants et de nos propres observations, nous proposons une réflexion sur la ‘fin de vie’, objet d’un choix difficile, en dialogue avec la technologie qui la rend possible. Ces différentes voix témoigneront de rationalités parfois parallèles, convergentes ou divergentes, et des normes et valeurs qui s’affrontent, se rencontrent et se négocient dans l’espace social de la clinique.
Les mobilités thérapeutiques
Authors: Sakoyan Juliette 
Published: November 2012

Recouvrant une vaste palette de pratiques, les mobilités thérapeutiques peuvent être précisées selon des sous-catégories basées sur différents croisements entre déterminants migratoires et déterminants de l’accès aux soins. Cet article propose une catégorie duelle, les « migrations/circulations thérapeutiques », construite à partir d’une ethnographie de la quête de soins biomédicaux dans la population comorienne vivant en Union des Comores. Il vise à mettre en perspective un axe Sud-Nord sur lequel les personnes migrent à défaut d’aller et venir (Comores-Mayotte), et un autre Sud-Sud le long duquel elles peuvent circuler librement (Comores-Tanzanie). D'autre part, cet article souligne des spécificités contemporaines de l'expérience de maladie et de migration dans un pays en voie de développement.
Pastorale begeleiding van die self-mutileerder
Authors: Coetzer Wentzel C. 
Published: November 2012

In hierdie artikel het dit geblyk dat die toenemende voorkoms van self-mutilering onder jongmense in talle gevalle as uitlaatklep gedien het vir opgeboude druk en nie soseer as ‘n selfmoordpoging nie. Heel dikwels was dit ‘n uitvloeisel van mishandeling en/of seksuele misbruik en die persoon het dan hierdie metode gebruik om van innerlike pyn ontslae te raak. Gevoelens van alleenheid, ‘n behoefte aan beheer, ‘n behoefte om net íéts te voel, asook ‘n behoefte om die self te straf, kon ook ‘n rol gespeel het. Die gesinsklimaat was oor die algemeen van besondere belang. Hierdie probleem het aan pastorale beraders en aan die kerk ‘n besondere uitdaging gebied deur onder andere veel meer op die probleem van pyn, asook die hantering daarvan te fokus. Dit het verband gehou met die feit dat ontkenning in die verlede ‘n groot rol gespeel het in sekere kerklike kringe en ook binne sekere gesinne. As deel van ‘n pastoraal-terapeutiese strategie in die begeleiding van die self-mutileerder kon aspekte soos die identifisering van die rol van leuens, die benutting van oplossings uit die verlede, vergifnis, nagmaal, gebed en meditasie gevolglik uiters belangrike komponente van die helingsproses gevorm het. Pastorale beraders sal hulleself ten volle op die hoogte moet bring van die verskynsel van self-mutilering ten einde in staat te wees om werklik te kan help.Pastoral guidance for the self-mutilator. In this article it seemed that the increase in the occurrence of self-mutilation among young people in many cases served as a pressure-relief valve and not a suicide attempt as such. It was very often the outcome of ill-treatment and/or sexual abuse and the person used this method to get rid of the inner pain. Feelings of aloneness, a need to be in control, a need to feel at least something and a need to punish the self could also have played a role. The family climate was generally very important. This provided a special challenge for pastoral counsellors as well as the church by, among others, focussing more on the problem of pain and how to handle it. This was relevant to the fact that denial had played a significant role in certain church circles as well as within some families. As part of the pastoral-therapeutic strategy in helping the self-mutilator, aspects such as identifying the role of lies, the use of solutions from the past, forgiveness, the Lord’s Supper, prayer, and meditation were therefore very important components in the healing process. Pastoral counsellors would have to be well informed about the phenomenon of self-mutilation in order to be able to be of real help.
Reliability of Broadrick Flag in Determination of Curve of Spee in Indian Population
Authors: Kashinatha HM , Bembalgi Mahanthesh S , Kumar PC Ramesh , Yarlagadda Kiran Babu , Ateeq P Mohammed 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Occlusion and occlusal plane is the primary criteria in fabrication of posterior restorations. The simplest method of establishment of occlusal plane is through the use of Broadrick occlusal plane analyzer.

Aims
This study aims to know the reliability of Broadrick flag in determination of curve of Spee with different proposed radii in different skeletal relation in Indian population.

Materials and methods
Male and female dentulous subjects were selected randomly. Maxillary and mandibular full arch impressions were made; casts were prepared and mounted in semiadjustable articulator using face bow transfer. Broadrick occlusal plane analyzer was mounted on upper member of articulator. Analysis was done using the proposed radii of curvature. The same procedure was repeated by taking different radii with variations of ¼ inch, difference was measured by metal caliper, tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis.

Results
Results showed that Indian subjects show minor variations in radii, but most of the subjects confirmed the radii, which was proposed by the Lynch CD and McConnell RJ.

Conclusion
Statistical analysis confirmed that proposed radii confirms to existing occlusal plane for different skeletal relationships. Broadrick occlusal plane analyzer is a reliable tool with the proposed radii for Indian population.

How to cite this article
Jagadeesh KN, Kashinatha HM, Bembalgi MS, Ramesh Kumar PC, Yarlagadda KB, Ateeq PM. Reliability of Broadrick Flag in Determination of Curve of Spee in Indian Population. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(5):627-631.
Comparison of Shear Bond Strength of Hydrophilic Bonding Materials: An in vitro Study
Authors: Nirupama C , Kavitha Sarasa , Jacob Josy , Balaji K , Srinivasan B , Murugesan Ramakrishnan , Krishnaswamy NR 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the shear bond strength of hydrophilic materials like Transbond MIP with Assure-fluoride releasing light cure sealant paste system (Reliance orthodontic product), Enhance Lc-adhesion booster (Reliance Orthodontics) Prime and Bond NT–one step adhesive with nanotechnology (Dentsply Product India) with Transbond XT as the control group.

Materials and methods
The study was conducted on 180 extracted human premolar teeth which were divided into five main groups. Each group contained 36 teeth, which were further subdivided into three subgroups containing 12 teeth. The teeth were bonded in three different surface environments namely dry, contaminated with artificial saliva and reprimed after contamination with artificial salvia. The brackets were bonded and cured. The shear bond strength was tested using Instron universal testing machine (4501).

Results
The results were subjected to statistical analysis like 3 factorial ANOVA and compared to post-hoc using the Student Newman levels test. The residual resin on the tooth surface after debonding was evaluated with adhesive remnant index.

Clinical significance
The results revealed that in situations in which moisture contamination is critical there is distinct advantage in using hydrophilic primers.

How to cite this article
Nirupama C, Kavitha S, Jacob J, Balaji K, Srinivasan B, Murugesan R, Krishnaswamy NR. Comparison of Shear Bond Strength of Hydrophilic Bonding Materials: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(5): 637-643.
Effect of Salivary Contamination on the Bond Strength of Total-etch and Self-etch Adhesive Systems: An in vitro Study
Authors: Ranganath LM , Rajesh AG , Justin Robert M , Paranthaman Hemalatha , Varghese Ranjith P 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT

Aim
To evaluate the influence of salivary contamination during dentin bonding procedures on shear bond strength and to investigate the effect of contaminant-removing treatments on the recovery of bond strength for two dentin-bonding agents.

Materials and methods
Seventy-seven human maxillary and mandibular molars were randomly divided into two groups for total-etch adhesive (Single bond-3M ESPE, USA) and self-etch primer (UniFil Bond-GC, Tokyo, Japan) and subjected to contamination with saliva.
The data for each group were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Student Newman-Keuls test to make comparisons among the groups (p < 0.05).

Results
Salivary contamination had less adverse effect on the shear bond strength of single bond total-etch adhesive when it was blot dried or washed. UniFil bond was tolerant of salivary contamination, except when contamination occurred after application of the primer.

Conclusion
In single bond adhesive, when the etched surface is contaminated by saliva, blotting the surface and applying the primer can recover the bond strength. Complete drying of the salivary contaminated surface should be avoided. In the UniFil bond groups, the repriming treatment (UF-V and UF-VI) resulted in the recovery of shear bond strength in the specimens contaminated after priming.

Clinical significance
The results of this study showed that total- etch adhesive (single bond) was not affected by salivary contamination on the etched surface when the bonding surface was kept moist. Self-etch adhesive (UniFil bond) also tolerated salivary contamination except when the contamination occurred after application of the primer.

How to cite this article
Justin RM, Paranthaman H, Rajesh AG, Varghese RP, Ranganath LM. Effect of Salivary Contamination on the Bond Strength of Total-etch and Selfetch Adhesive Systems: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(5):655-660.
Comparative Evaluation of Oxygen Saturation Levels using Pulse Oxymeter during Nonsurgical and Surgical Periodontal Therapy in Chronic Periodontitis Patients
Authors: Padma R , Goel Saakshi , Shriniwas M , Shreedhara Annaji , Malagi Sachin , Radhika B , Pai BS Jagadish 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT

Background and aim
Monitoring is the global method of observation and data recording in relation to body organ and system function that afford constant information to ensure continuous evalutation of the patient's physical condition. Basic monitoring provides essential information for assessing the vital signs, both circulatory and respiratory, and fundamentally comprises the control of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) and rhythm. Pulse oxymetry is used to record HR and oxygen saturation. The objective of the study was to assess and compare hemodynamic changes by monitoring oxygen saturation level changes during periodontal surgical and nonsurgical therapy.

Materials and methods
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in 30 chronic periodontitis patients. Patients were divided into two groups; Group A consisted of 15 patients undergoing surgical periodontal therapy, Group B consisted of 15 patients undergoing nonsurgical periodontal therapy. The hemodynamic changes were evaluated by monitoring HR and oxygen saturation level using pulse oxymeter (SaO2). HR and SaO2 were monitored continuously and registered pre-operatively, i.e. 10 minutes before the procedure, intra-operatively and postoperatively, i.e. 10 minutes after the procedure. One-way analysis of variance test (ANOVA) was performed for data analysis.

Results
Both the groups showed a slight fall in oxygen saturation levels intraoperatively, but within the normal range. More decrease in oxygen saturation levels was observed in nonsurgical periodontal therapy as compared to surgical periodontal therapy at intraoperative levels. The differences in the values were statistically significant. There was no statistical difference seen in the postoperative and preoperative values.

Conclusion
Most of the hemodynamic changes induced during the periodontal therapy were within normal limits, taking into consideration the anxiety and stress produced by the surgical intervention. The hemodynamic change was more in nonsurgical as compared to surgical periodontal therapy.

How to cite this article
Padma R, Goel S, Shrinivas M, Shreedhara A, Malagi S, Radhika B, Pai BSJ. Comparative Evaluation of Oxygen Saturation Levels using Pulse Oxymeter during Nonsurgical and Surgical Periodontal Therapy in Chronic Periodontitis Patients. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(5): 661-664.
Analysis of Tumor Marker CA 125 in Saliva of Normal and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients: A Comparative Study
Authors: Balan Jude J , Premalatha BR 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT

Background
The mortality and morbidity associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) can be greatly reduced if tumor markers which can detect OSCC at an early stage are available. The use of saliva as an alternative to blood could provide a substantial advantage in sampling convenience. Cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) is a tumor-associated antigen found to be increased in epithelial tumors like oral, breast and ovarian cancers.

Aim
To determine whether salivary CA 125 levels are increased significantly in OSCC patients than the control group.

Materials and methods
Sixty OSCC patients and 60 healthy controls were taken for the study. Saliva samples from both the groups were collected, centrifuged and supernatant fluid were subjected to ELISA for assessment of CA 125. The mean salivary CA 125 values of OSCC patients and control group were statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney U-test.

Results
The mean salivary CA 125 concentration of OSCC group was 320.25 and that of control group was 33.14. Thus, CA 125 was found to be significantly increased in the saliva of OSCC patients than the control group (p < 0.001). Also, there was significant increase in the CA 125 levels as the stage of OSCC increased.

Conclusion
The convenience, reliability and noninvasive nature of salivary CA 125 testing makes it a feasible adjunctive diagnostic tool for detection of OSCC.

How to cite this article
Balan JJ, Rao RS, Premalatha BR, Patil S. Analysis of Tumor Marker CA 125 in Saliva of Normal and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients: A Comparative Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(5):671-675.
Influence of Maternal Periodontal Disease as a Risk Factor for Low Birth Weight Infants in Indian Population
Authors: Chakki B Arun Kumar , Hunsingi Prahalad , Kumar Anoop , Manidanappanavar Prasanna 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTBackgroundLow birth weight is a known problem worldwide and appears to be more pronounced in developing countries. In view of the implication of periodontal infection as one of the risk factors for low birth weight and considering the fact that in India only very few studies are conducted in this regard, the present study was conducted to determine whether maternal periodontal disease can act as a risk factor for low birth weight babies.Materials and methodsThe study group consisted of 62 primiparie mothers including 12 low birth weight cases who satisfied the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The age of the patients ranged from 18 to 37 years with a mean age of 23.27 years. Birth weight of the babies ranged from 1.64 to 3.75 kg and the mean weight was 2.67 Kg. Mean weight, height and body mass index (BMI) of the mothers were 53.47 Kg, 1.51 m, 23.48 respectively.ResultsBirth weight of the babies was regressed against age, BMI, plaque index (PI) and community periodontal index (CPI). Periodontitis was significantly associated (p < 0.0005) with a decrease of birth weight.ConclusionPeriodontal disease was significantly related to preterm low birth weight.How to cite this articleChakki BAK, Ealla KR, Hunsingi P, Kumar A, Manidanappanavar P. Influence of Maternal Periodontal Disease as a Risk Factor for Low Birth Weight Infants in Indian Population. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(5):676-680.
Effects of a UV-absorbing greenhouse covering film on tomato yield and quality
Authors: Papaioannou Ch. , Katsoulas N. , Maletsika P. , Siomos A. , Kittas C. 
Published: November 2012

The effect of blocking the ultraviolet (UV) solar radiation using a UV-absorbing low density polyethylene (PE) film on tomato crop yield and fruit quality was evaluated in a two-year study in two arched roof greenhouses located in Central Greece. The UV-A and UV-B radiation transmission values of the greenhouse covered by the UV-absorbing PE film during the first year were 0.4% and 1.2%, respectively and increased to 0.8% and 1.3% in the 2nd year, while the respective values in the greenhouse covered by a traditional PE film were 20.7% and 12.5% during the 1st year and 28.7% and 26.7% during the 2nd year. Under the UV-absorbing film the number of insect injured fruit was reduced and the marketable yield was similar or higher than that under the common PE film, while fruit quality characteristics (size, shape), nutritional value (ascorbic acid and lycopene) and organoleptic quality (pH, titratable acidity and total soluble solids) were similar under both covering materials. Moreover, the reduction of incoming UV radiation had an appreciable effect on fruit skin color, indicating an effect on pigments other than lycopene.
Causes of Death of Patients With Lung Cancer
Authors: Nichols Larry , Saunders Rachel , Knollmann Friedrich D. 
Published: November 2012

Context.—The causes of death for patients with lung cancer are inadequately described.
Objective.—To categorize the immediate and contributing causes of death for patients with lung cancer.
Design.—The autopsies from 100 patients who died of lung cancer between 1990 and February 2011 were analyzed.
Results.—Tumor burden was judged the immediate cause of death in 30 cases, including 26 cases of extensive metastases and 4 cases with wholly or primarily lung tumor burden (causing respiratory failure). Infection was the immediate cause of death for 20 patients, including 8 with sepsis and 12 with pneumonia. Complications of metastatic disease were the immediate causes of death in 18 cases, including 6 cases of hemopericardium from pericardial metastases, 3 from myocardial metastases, 3 from liver metastases, and 3 from brain metastases. Other immediate causes of death were pulmonary hemorrhage (12 cases), pulmonary embolism (10 cases, 2 tumor emboli), and pulmonary diffuse alveolar damage (7 cases). From a functional (pathophysiologic) perspective, respiratory failure could be regarded as the immediate cause of death (or mechanism of death) in 38 cases, usually because of a combination of lung conditions, including emphysema, airway obstruction, pneumonia, hemorrhage, embolism, resection, and lung injury in addition to the tumor. For 94 of the 100 patients, there were contributing causes of death, with an average of 2.5 contributing causes and up to 6 contributing causes of death.
Conclusions.—The numerous and complex ways lung cancer kills patients pose a challenge for efforts to extend and improve their lives.