bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Hypoglycemic Episodes and Ventricular Arrhythmias in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases: Silent Hypoglycemias and Silent Arrhythmias
Authors: Stahn Annett , Pistrosch Frank , Ganz Xenia , Teige Madlen , Koehler Carsta , Bornstein Stefan , Hanefeld Markolf 
Published: September 2013

OBJECTIVE
In patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), intensive treatment with insulin and/or sulfonylurea (SU) may be associated with excessive increased risk of hypoglycemic episodes. To evaluate the risk of critical arrhythmias related to glycemic variability, we carried out an observational study in type 2 diabetes patients with CVD.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Thirty patients with type 2 diabetes and documented CVD who had been treated with insulin and/or SU underwent 5 days of monitoring with a continuous glucose measurement system along with parallel electrocardiogram recording for monitoring of ventricular arrhythmias. Twelve age-matched patients with documented CVD who received treatment with metformin and/or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor served as the control group. Patients were receiving stable treatment, and were instructed to notice symptoms of arrhythmias and hypoglycemia, respectively.

RESULTS
We observed a high incidence of asymptomatic severe episodes of hypoglycemia (&lt;3.1 mmol/L) in patients receiving treatment with insulin and/or SU, whereas severe hypoglycemia did not develop in any of the control subjects. Patients with severe hypoglycemia (n = 12) had a higher number of severe ventricular arrhythmias (patients with versus without severe hypoglycemia, respectively: ventricular couplets 41.7 ± 81.8 vs. 5.5 ± 16.7; ventricular tachycardia 1.0 ± 1.9 vs. 0.1 ± 0.3). No direct correlation could be found among different variables of glucose profile, corrected QT interval, and ventricular arrhythmias.

CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that severe episodes of hypoglycemia are associated with an increased risk of severe ventricular arrhythmias.
Highly Sensitive Diagnosis of 43 Monogenic Forms of Diabetes or Obesity Through One-Step PCR-Based Enrichment in Combination With Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Bonnefond Amélie , Philippe Julien , Durand Emmanuelle , Muller Jean , Saeed Sadia , Arslan Muhammad , Martínez Rosa , De Graeve Franck , Dhennin Véronique , Rabearivelo Iandry , Polak Michel , Cavé Hélène , Castaño Luis , Vaxillaire Martine , Mandel Jean-Louis , Sand Olivier , Froguel Philippe 
Published: September 2013

OBJECTIVE
Accurate etiological diagnosis of monogenic forms of diabetes and obesity is useful as it can lead to marked improvements in patient care and genetic counseling. Currently, molecular diagnosis based on Sanger sequencing is restricted to only a few genes, as this technology is expensive, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. High-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) provides an opportunity to develop innovative cost-efficient methods for sensitive diabetes and obesity multigene screening.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We assessed a new method based on PCR enrichment in microdroplets (RainDance Technologies) and NGS using the Illumina HiSeq2000 for the molecular diagnosis of 43 forms of monogenic diabetes or obesity. Forty patients carrying a known causal mutation for those subtypes according to diagnostic laboratories were blindly reanalyzed.

RESULTS
Except for one variant, we reidentified all causal mutations in each patient associated with an almost-perfect sequencing of the targets (mean of 98.6%). We failed to call one highly complex indel, although we identified a dramatic drop of coverage at this locus. In three patients, we detected other mutations with a putatively deleterious effect in addition to those reported by the genetic diagnostic laboratories.

CONCLUSIONS
Our NGS approach provides an efficient means of highly sensitive screening for mutations in genes associated with monogenic forms of diabetes and obesity. As cost and time to deliver results have been key barriers to uncovering a molecular cause in the many undiagnosed cases likely to exist, the present methodology should be considered in patients displaying features of monogenic diabetes or obesity.
Perceived constraints on exercise in the group of the elderly: a pilot study
Authors: Baceviciene Migle , Alisauskas Justas 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate psychometric properties of the perceived constraints on the physical exercise scale and to indicate the most important perceived constraints that restrict the elderly from exercise.160 persons (aged 60–89) living in Lithuania, Kaunas city were interviewed in 2011. Physical activity was assessed using a short version of International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Constraints on physical exercise were determined according to a structured list of statements consisting of five domains: poor health, fear and negative experiences, lack of knowledge, lack of time and interest, and unsuitable environment. Perceived constraints on the exercise scale demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency and good construct validity: Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of internal reliability were above the standard (≥0.7) with the exception of lack of knowledge domain. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a fivefactor solution that accounted for 67.4% of the variance. Fear and negative experience during exercise increased the odds of insufficient physical activity by 3.3 (1.16–9.59) times whereas lack of time and interest — by 7.2 (2.98–17.31) times. Perceived constraints on the exercise scale is a suitable measure for the elderly investigations. Perceived constraints that most restrict elderly people from exercise were lack of time, interest, fear of falling and injuries.
La Haute Instance et les élections en Tunisie : du consensus au « pacte politique » ?
Authors: Lieckefett Michael 
Published: September 2013

L’article s’intéresse au rôle joué en Tunisie par la « Haute Instance pour la réalisation des objectifs de la révolution, la réforme politique et la transition démocratique », chargée entre mars et octobre 2011 d’organiser le « passage de la révolution aux élections » de l’Assemblée Nationale Constituante. Rassemblant 155 représentants de divers partis, syndicats, organisations, professions ou régions du pays, elle intervient directement dans la préparation du moment électoral à travers la préparation de la loi électorale et élit et organise l’Instance supérieure indépendante pour les élections (ISIE). À ce titre, elle offre un poste d’observation remarquable des tensions au sein des mouvements sociaux qui nourrirent les premières phases de la révolution et la politique des urnes qui suivit.
Jardins collectifs urbains : leviers vers la transition ?
Authors: Den Hartigh Cyrielle 
Published: September 2013

Si planter restaurait le lien social et rendait heureux ? Apparemment rien de moins « social » que de s’adresser aux plantes. Pourtant l’expérience des jardins partagés atteste une nouvelle fois que le faire est parfois plus efficace que les paroles pour générer le bien commun, certes modeste, certes local, mais ne faut-il pas commencer quelque part pour construire le monde de demain ?
Reprises d'entreprises
Authors: Cottin-Marx Simon , Flipo Fabrice , Longérinas François , Quijoux Maxime 
Published: September 2013

Pour cette table ronde, Maxime Quijoux, sociologue post-doctorant à l’IDHE ENS Cachan, présente deux exemples emblématiques de reprises d’entreprises en Argentine, celles de Brukman et Zanon 1 . De son côté, François Longérinas, journaliste, président de l’École des métiers de l’information (coopérative de formation professionnelle), nous présente la lutte des Fralib qu’il continue d’accompagner 2 . Ces luttes nées de la crise économique montrent le processus de conscientisation des salariés qui les a amenés au choix de prendre en main la production pour sauvegarder leurs emplois. Aux débats sur l’autogestion et la répartition des bénéfices, historiquement présents dans le mouvement ouvrier, semble poindre de nouvelles préoccupations : celle de la finalité de la production et la question écologique.
Dans les débats publics, l'art d'être l'empêcheur de tourner en rond
Authors: Le Saux Gildas 
Published: September 2013

Avec le lancement en 2008 d’un scénario de sortie du nucléaire et de lutte contre le dérèglement climatique, l’association Virage-énergie Nord-Pas-de-Calais a souhaité s’inviter dans le débat énergétique. Six années après, et quelque 200 interventions auprès des décideurs et citoyens régionaux, qu’en est-il ? Peu considérée à ses débuts par les institutions publiques, du fait notamment de son objet antinucléaire, l’association a pu progressivement exposer son point de vue et ses idées, à défaut de les imposer, auprès des élus et techniciens responsables des politiques publiques.
Lithium Attenuates IFN-β Production and Antiviral Response via Inhibition of TANK-Binding Kinase 1 Kinase Activity
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Zhang Lei , Zhao Xueying , Zhang Meng , Zhao Wei , Gao Chengjiang 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Lithium salt is a widely used glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor and effective drug for the treatment of psychiatric diseases. However, the effects of lithium in innate immune responses, especially in cellular antiviral responses, are unknown. In this study, we show that lithium chloride attenuates LPS-, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid–, and Sendai virus–induced IFN-β production and IFN regulatory factor 3 activation in macrophages in a glycogen synthase kinase-3β–independent manner. The ability of the lithium to inhibit IFN-β production was confirmed in vivo, as mice treated with lithium chloride exhibited decreased levels of IFN-β upon Sendai virus infection. In vitro kinase assay demonstrates that lithium suppresses TANK-binding kinase 1 kinase activity. Consistently, lithium significantly enhanced the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus in vitro and in vivo. Severe infiltration of monocytes and tissue damage were observed in the lungs of control mice, compared with lithium-treated mice after virus infection. Our findings suggest lithium as an inhibitor of TANK-binding kinase 1 and potential target for the intervention of diseases with uncontrolled IFN-β production. Furthermore, lithium attenuates host defense to virus infection and may cause severely adverse effects in clinical applications.
The Complement Anaphylatoxin C5a Receptor Contributes to Obese Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Insulin Resistance
Authors: Phieler Julia , Chung Kyoung-Jin , Chatzigeorgiou Antonios , Klotzsche-von Ameln Anne , Garcia-Martin Ruben , Sprott David , Moisidou Maria , Tzanavari Theodora , Ludwig Barbara , Baraban Elena , Ehrhart-Bornstein Monika , Bornstein Stefan R. , Mziaut Hassan , Solimena Michele , Karalis Katia P. , Economopoulou Matina , Lambris John D. , Chavakis Triantafyllos 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Obese adipose tissue (AT) inflammation contributes critically to development of insulin resistance. The complement anaphylatoxin C5a receptor (C5aR) has been implicated in inflammatory processes and as regulator of macrophage activation and polarization. However, the role of C5aR in obesity and AT inflammation has not been addressed. We engaged the model of diet-induced obesity and found that expression of C5aR was significantly upregulated in the obese AT, compared with lean AT. In addition, C5a was present in obese AT in the proximity of macrophage-rich crownlike structures. C5aR-sufficient and -deficient mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or a normal diet (ND). C5aR deficiency was associated with increased AT weight upon ND feeding in males, but not in females, and with increased adipocyte size upon ND and HFD conditions in males. However, obese C5aR−/− mice displayed improved systemic and AT insulin sensitivity. Improved AT insulin sensitivity in C5aR−/− mice was associated with reduced accumulation of total and proinflammatory M1 macrophages in the obese AT, increased expression of IL-10, and decreased AT fibrosis. In contrast, no difference in β cell mass was observed owing to C5aR deficiency under an HFD. These results suggest that C5aR contributes to macrophage accumulation and M1 polarization in the obese AT and thereby to AT dysfunction and development of AT insulin resistance.
Inhibition of Breast Cancer Metastasis by Resveratrol-Mediated Inactivation of Tumor-Evoked Regulatory B Cells
Authors: Lee-Chang Catalina , Bodogai Monica , Martin-Montalvo Alejandro , Wejksza Katarzyna , Sanghvi Mitesh , Moaddel Ruin , de Cabo Rafael , Biragyn Arya 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
We reported previously that tumor-evoked regulatory B cells (tBregs) play an essential role in breast cancer lung metastasis by inducing TGF-β–dependent conversion of metastasis-promoting Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). In this article, we show that resveratrol (RSV), a plant-derived polyphenol, at low and noncytotoxic doses for immune cells, can efficiently inhibit lung metastasis in mice. The mechanism of this process is that RSV inactivates Stat3, preventing the generation and function of tBregs, including expression of TGF-β. As a result, it frees antitumor effector immune responses by disabling tBreg-induced conversion of Foxp3+ Tregs. We propose that low doses of RSV may also benefit humans by controlling cancer escape–promoting tBregs/Tregs without nonspecific inactivation of effector immune cells.
The Roles of IRF-3 and IRF-7 in Innate Antiviral Immunity against Dengue Virus
Authors: Chen Hui-Wen , King Kevin , Tu Jui , Sanchez Marisa , Luster Andrew D. , Shresta Sujan 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
We investigated the roles of IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-3 and IRF-7 in innate antiviral immunity against dengue virus (DENV). Double-deficient Irf-3−/−7−/− mice infected with the DENV2 strain S221 possessed 1,000–150,000 fold higher levels of viral RNA than wild-type and single-deficient mice 24 h postinfection (hpi); however, they remained resistant to lethal infection. IFN-α/β was induced similarly in wild-type and Irf-3−/− mice post–DENV infection, whereas in the Irf-7−/− and Irf-3−/−7−/− mice, significantly low levels of IFN-α/β expression was observed within 24 hpi. IFN-stimulated gene induction was also delayed in Irf-3−/−7−/− mice relative to wild-type and single-deficient mice. In particular, Cxcl10 and Ifnα2 were rapidly induced independently of both IRF-3 and IRF-7 in the Irf-3−/−7−/− mice with DENV infection. Higher levels of serum IFN-γ, IL-6, CXCL10, IL-8, IL-12 p70, and TNF were also observed in Irf-3−/−7−/− mice 24 hpi, at which time point viral titers peaked and started to be cleared. Ab-mediated blockade experiments revealed that IFN-γ, CXCL10, and CXCR3 function to restrict DENV replication in Irf-3−/−7−/− mice. Additionally, the IFN-stimulated genes Cxcl10, Ifit1, Ifit3, and Mx2 can be induced via an IRF-3– and IRF-7–independent pathway that does not involve IFN-γ signaling for protection against DENV. Collectively, these results demonstrate that IRF-3 and IRF-7 are redundant, albeit IRF-7 plays a more important role than IRF-3 in inducing the initial IFN-α/β response; only the combined actions of IRF-3 and IRF-7 are necessary for efficient control of early DENV infection; and the late, IRF-3– and IRF-7–independent pathway contributes to anti-DENV immunity.
Anti-Human CD73 Monoclonal Antibody Inhibits Metastasis Formation in Human Breast Cancer by Inducing Clustering and Internalization of CD73 Expressed on the Surface of Cancer Cells
Authors: Terp Mikkel G. , Olesen Kristina A. , Arnspang Eva C. , Lund Rikke R. , Lagerholm B. Christoffer , Ditzel Henrik J. , Leth-Larsen Rikke 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Recent studies have shown that Abs that target the cell-surface enzyme CD73 (ecto-5′-nucleotidase) reduce growth of primary tumors and metastasis in syngenic mice by inhibiting the catalytic activity of CD73, and thus increasing the activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In this article, we report another anticancer mechanism of anti-CD73 Abs and show that an anti-CD73 mAb (AD2) inhibits metastasis formation by a mechanism independent of CD73 catalytic activity and inhibition of primary tumor growth. This mechanism involves clustering and internalization of CD73, but does not require cross-linking of CD73, because both whole IgG anti-CD73 AD2 mAb and Fab′ fragments thereof exhibited this effect. Ex vivo treatment of different breast cancer cell lines with anti-CD73 AD2 mAb before i.v. injection into mice inhibited extravasation/colonization of circulating tumor cells and significantly reduced metastasis development. This effect was also observed when the cancer cell-surface expression of CD73 was significantly reduced by small interfering RNA knockdown. The antimetastatic activity is epitope specific, as another Ab that efficiently binds CD73-expressing live cancer cells did not lead to CD73 internalization and metastasis inhibition. Furthermore, anti-CD73 AD2 mAb inhibited development of metastasis in a spontaneous animal model of human metastatic breast cancer. Our study shows that some anti-CD73 mAbs cause cell-surface clustering of CD73 followed by internalization, thus inhibiting the ability of circulating tumor cells to extravasate and colonize, leading to inhibition of metastasis. Ab-based CD73 cancer therapy should include a combination of Abs that target the catalytic activity of CD73, as well as those with the characteristics described in this article.
Cutting Edge: CD4 T Cells Reactive to an Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Peptide Accumulate in the Pancreas and Contribute to Disease Pathogenesis in Nonobese Diabetic Mice
Authors: Baker Rocky L. , Delong Thomas , Barbour Gene , Bradley Brenda , Nakayama Maki , Haskins Kathryn 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
We previously reported a peptide KS20 from islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) to be the target Ag for a highly diabetogenic CD4 T cell clone BDC-5.2.9. To track IAPP-reactive T cells in NOD mice and determine how they contribute to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, we designed a new I-Ag7 tetramer with high affinity for BDC-5.2.9 that contains the peptide KS20. We found that significant numbers of KS20 tetramer+ CD4 T cells can be detected in the pancreas of prediabetic and diabetic NOD mice. To verify pathogenicity of IAPP-reactive cells, we sorted KS20 tetramer+ cells and cloned them from uncloned T cell lines isolated from spleen and lymph nodes of diabetic mice. We isolated a new KS20-reactive Th1 CD4 T cell clone that rapidly transfers diabetes. Our results suggest that IAPP triggers a broad autoimmune response by CD4 T cells in NOD mice.
Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma and the Dilemma of Treatments
Authors: Qahtani Bandar Al , Al-Amro Mariam S 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
This is a review of most recent literature to find the best methods for management of sinonasal inverted papilloma and if there is any standardized modality/modalities. Also there is concern about the advancement in the management of sinonasal inverted papilloma based on recent literature revision. Inverted papilloma has to be managed aggressively from the beginning putting in mind its ability to recur and malignant transformation. Until now days there is no single verified modality of treatment and the choice of the best approach is tailored to every case.

How to cite this article
Al-Qahtani BM, Al-Amro MS. Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma and the Dilemma of Treatments. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(2):61-63.
Endoscopic Management of Meningoencephaloceles and other Cranial Base Defects using Septal Cartilage
Authors: Sonkhya Nishi , Sonkhya Divij 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo study and analyze 40 cases managed endoscopically of meningoencephaloceles and other cranial base defects using septal cartilage.DesignProspective, interventional case series.Materials and methodsThis study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology SMS Medical College from 2006 to 2011. The study consisted of evaluations of self-reported and referred patients who presented to ENT OPD and emergency. In all the cases a detailed history and clinical examination was done. All the patients underwent nasal endoscopic examination. Computed tomographic (CT) scans were obtained for all cases. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT cisternography was done in some of the cases.ResultsSuccess of the treatment was defined as resolution of symptoms, stoppage of leak, no recurrence, no complication and regular follow-up. A total of 40 cases were managed between 2006 and 2011 and were reviewed. The main presentation was of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak in 22 cases with most common cause being traumatic. Fovea ethmoidalis being the most common site involved in 19 cases.ConclusionEndoscopic repair is the most modern and best result-oriented tool in the armamentarium of a surgeon to handle CSF leaks and with use of septal cartilage the results are less burdened with recurrences and failures.How to cite this articleMehta R, Sonkhya D, Sonkhya N . Endoscopic Management of Meningoencephaloceles and other Cranial Base Defects using Septal Cartilage. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(2):67-71.
Giant Intranasal Pleomorphic Adenoma: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Chavan Shrinivas S , Bhople KS , Vedi Jeevan N , Jain Prateek V , Sonavani Mangala 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTPleomorphic adenoma, a heterogeneous mixture of epithelial and myoepithelial cells, commonly found in major salivary glands, accounts for about 3% of benign head and neck tumors. Intranasal pleomorphic adenoma (INPA) is an extremely rare variant forming a mere 8% of all pleomorphic adenomas. Majority of these arise from the nasal septum (82-90%) with only about 8% showing attachment to the lateral nasal wall. Various theories explaining etiopathological basis of INPA have been proposed but none explains its predominance in females in 3rd to 6th decade of life. Hallmark of histopathological picture of pleomorphic adenoma is epithelial tissue mixed with tissues of myxoid, chondroid or mucoid origin. But INPA shows predominantly epithelial component with scanty stroma. Considering its high cellularity and anatomical site, INPA is often misdiagnosed as unilateral nasal malignancy. Early diagnosis ensures complete excision and is paramount to make patient disease free, considering its high potential of recurrence. Hereby, we are presenting a case of giant pleomorphic adenoma of nasal cavity, arising from lateral nasal wall, causing erosion of the base of skull, with the intent of drawing attention to this rare diagnosis.How to cite this articleChavan SS, Bhople KS, Vedi JN, Jain PV, Sonavani M. Giant Intranasal Pleomorphic Adenoma: A Rare Case Report. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(2):96-99.
Dentigerous Cyst with Ectopic Third Molar Tooth in Maxillary Sinus causing Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Jain Nitin Kumar , Vashistha Siddharth , Jain Megha 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
Ectopic eruption of teeth into a region other than the oral cavity is rare although there have been reports of teeth in the nasal septum, mandibular condyle, coronoid process, palate, chin and maxillary sinus. Eruption of ectopic teeth in maxillary sinus usually is found incidentally on routine radiological investigations. We present a case of an ectopic maxillary third molar tooth with dentigerous cyst that caused chronic purulent sinusitis in left maxillary sinus.

How to cite this article
Jain NK, Vashistha S, Jain M. Dentigerous Cyst with Ectopic Third Molar Tooth in Maxillary Sinus causing Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(2):106-107.