bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Invasion Inhibitor Sarasinoside A1 Reverses Mesenchymal Tumor Transformation in an E-Cadherin–Independent Manner
Authors: Austin Pamela , Freeman Spencer A. , Gray Christopher A. , Gold Michael R. , Vogl A. Wayne , Andersen Raymond J. , Roberge Michel , Roskelley Calvin D. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
During metastatic progression, an aberrant epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) that is most often driven by the loss of the cell–cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin generates noncohesive tumor cells that are highly invasive. We used mesenchymally transformed, E-cadherin–negative MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cells in a natural product screen and determined that the triterpenoid saponin sarasinoside A1 inhibited their invasion and the invasion of a number of other tumor cell lines. Sarasinoside A1 also caused MDA-MB-231 cells to become cohesive in a three-dimensional basement membrane and collagen gel cultures. In two-dimensional culture, sarasinoside A1 initiated a morphologic re-epithelialization of MDA-MB-231 cells wherein preexisting nonepithelial cadherins and the junction-associated proteins β-catenin and ZO-1 all relocalized to sites of cell–cell contact. In addition, the intercellular space between neighboring cells narrowed considerably, the stability of polymerized actin at cell-cell contact sites increased, and there was a recruitment and stabilization of nectin-based adhesion complexes to these sites, all of which strongly suggested that functional cell–cell junctions had formed. Importantly, sarasinoside A1 induced nascent cell–cell junction formation that did not require changes in gene expression and was not associated with an induction of E-cadherin but resulted in increased activation of Rap GTPases. Therefore, our findings with sarasinoside A1 suggest that it may be possible to re-epithelialize metastatic tumor cells with phenotypic consequence even when E-cadherin is completely absent. Mol Cancer Res; 11(5); 530–40. ©2013 AACR.
Mental health correlates of anger in the general population: Findings from the 2007 National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing
Authors: Barrett Emma L , Mills Katherine L , Teesson Maree 
Published: February 2013

Objective: The aim of the present study is to examine the mental health correlates of anger in the general population using data collected as part of the 2007 Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing (2007 NSMHWB). Method: The 2007 NSMHWB was a nationally representative household survey of 8841 Australians aged between 16 and 85 years. The survey assessed for 30-day DSM-IV mental health disorders and 30-day anger symptoms. Results: A range of mood, anxiety and substance use disorders were found to be independently associated with symptoms of anger after controlling for demographics and comorbidity. These included major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, social phobia, generalised anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and alcohol and drug use disorders. Conclusions: This study is the first epidemiological investigation of the mental health correlates of anger in the Australian general population. Anger can have extremely maladaptive effects on behaviour and can lead to serious consequences for the individual and for the community. The findings of the present study denote the importance of assessing anger symptoms among individuals presenting with these common mental health disorders.
The impact of psychosis on social inclusion and associated factors
Authors: Killaspy Helen , White Sarah , Lalvani Nabeela , Berg Rachel , Thachil Ajoy , Kallumpuram Sen , Nasiruddin Omar , Wright Christine , Mezey Gill 
Published: February 2013

Background: People with mental health problems are known to be socially excluded but the contribution of pre-morbid characteristics, symptoms and needs, and the impact on quality of life is unknown. Aims: To investigate change in social inclusion after the development of a psychotic Illness and factors associated with this. Methods: A cross-sectional community survey of people with psychosis was carried out in three areas of London. Five domains of social inclusion (social integration, consumption, access to services, productivity, political engagement) were assessed prior to the onset of illness and currently using the Social Inclusion Questionnaire User Experience. Quality of life, symptoms and needs were also assessed using standardized measures. Factors associated with change in social inclusion were investigated using multiple regression. Results: Productivity and social integration among the 67 participants reduced after the onset of psychosis. Older age at onset and longer duration of illness were associated with greater reduction in productivity. Less reduction in social integration was associated with greater quality of life. Participants reported barriers to social inclusion that were directly related to symptoms of their illness, low confidence and poor self-esteem. Conclusions: A greater focus on interventions that can facilitate the occupation and the social networks of people with psychosis is required. Interventions that tackle ‘self-stigma’ may also prove useful in mitigating the social exclusion experienced by people with psychosis.
Social and Political Diversity and the Democratic Road to Change in Venezuela
Authors: Ellner Steve 
Published: February 2013

The political movement led by Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez is subject to internal contradictions that play themselves out on various fronts. Members of three major social groups—the organized working class, the middle sectors, and the traditionally unincorporated sectors—identify with different lines of thinking and defend different interests. Chavismo’s internal political currents correspond to distinct leftist traditions. One adheres to the Marxist view of the organized working class as the main vanguard, another focuses on economic objectives, and a third stresses revolutionary values. Three important areas of struggle in the recent past have impacted these internal currents: expropriations, factional strife in the Chavista labor movement, and the community councils. The expropriations, far from obeying preconceived ideological notions corresponding to one of the three currents, were a response to the challenges posed by the private sector linked to the opposition. The gradual and peaceful path to socialism faces two challenges without easy solutions: one is an enemy whose tactics force the government to respond in ways that sometimes intensify conflict and the other is cleavages among members of the movement who have greater capacity for mobilization than in the past. El movimiento político encabezado por el presidente venezolano Hugo Chávez se sujeta a contradicciones internas que se ponen en juego en varios frentes. Miembros de tres grupos sociales importantes—la clase obrera organizada, los sectores medios, y los sectores tradicionalmente desincorporados—se identifican con distintas lineas de pensamiento y defienden intereses distintos. Las corrientes políticas internas del chavismo corresponden a distintas tradiciones izquierdistas. Una se adhiere a la perspectiva marxista que ve la clase obrera como la vanguardia principal, otra se enfoca en objetivos económicos, y una tercera enfatiza los valores revolucionarios. Tres áreas importantes de lucha en el pasado reciente tuvieron impacto en estas corrientes internas: las expropiaciones, los conflictos entre facciones del movimiento laboral chavista, y los consejos comunales. Las expropiaciones, lejos de seguir una ideología preconcebida correspondiente a una de las tres corrientes, fueron una respuesta a los desafíos presentados por el sector privado ligado a la oposición. El camino gradual y pacífico hacia el socialismo encara dos retos sin solución fácil: uno es un enemigo que usa tácticas las cuales obligan al gobierno a responder de tal manera que a veces se intensifica el conflicto, y el otro es las divisiones entre miembros del movimiento quienes ahora gozan de mayor capacidad de movilización que en el pasado.
On the Perils and Potentialities of Revolution
Authors: Fontana Lorenza Belinda 
Published: February 2013

Bolivia is living a moment of transition that has raised expectations of a profound transformation of the state–civil-society relationship and of conflict dynamics. The Movimiento al Socialismo has promoted the direct participation of previously excluded sectors in public affairs and the integration of the traditional practices of indigenous groups into formal institutional structures. The heterogeneity of its ruling coalition has posed serious challenges with regard to the management of potential tensions among diverse social sectors. A key role in the promotion of a hegemonic project is played by discourse. Conflict is structured in terms of a strong, self-reinforcing set of narratives about crucial aspects of social life, among them the identification of external enemies and the generation of new merging categories that invent new collective subjects. This rhetorical strategy has not, however, been able to eliminate the oppositional politics of Bolivian social movements. Bolivia vive un momento de transición que ha aumentado las expectativas de una profunda transformación de la relación Estado–sociedad-civil y de la dinámica del conflicto. El Movimiento al Socialismo ha promovido la participación directa de sectores antes excluidos de los asuntos públicos, así como la integración de prácticas tradicionales de grupos indígenas en las estructuras institucionales formales. La heterogeneidad de su coalición gobernante plantea desafíos serios con respecto al manejo de tensiones potenciales entre diversos sectores sociales. Un papel clave en la promoción de un proyecto hegemónico lo juega el discurso. El conflicto se estructura por medio de fuertes narrativas auto-reforzadas acerca de aspectos cruciales de la vida social, entre ellas la identificación de los enemigos externos y la generación de nuevas categorías emergentes que inventan nuevos sujetos colectivos. Esta estrategia retórica, sin embargo, no ha podido eliminar la política opositora de los movimientos sociales bolivianos.
Outpatient Thyroid Surgery Data from the University Health System (UHC) Consortium
Authors: Stack Brendan C. , Moore Evan , Spencer Horace , Medvedev Sofia , Bodenner Donald L. 
Published: February 2013

ObjectiveDescribe data from patients undergoing outpatient thyroid surgeries for benign and malignant disease at academic medical centers in the United States.Study DesignRetrospective database search.SettingThe University Health System Consortium (UHC), Oak Brook, Illinois, data compiled from discharge summaries.Subjects and MethodsDischarge data were collected from the first quarter of 2005 through the fourth quarter of 2010. Searching strategy was based on diagnosis of thyroid disease and patients undergoing thyroid surgery across all UHC facilities. Demographic information was collected as well as charges. Complications were also evaluated in this analysis.ResultsDuring the study period, 38,362 outpatient thyroidectomies were performed from our sample, 32% for thyroid cancer. More total thyroidectomies (43%) and fewer hemithyroidectomies (36%) were being performed overall; 64.1% of patients stayed 23 hours.ConclusionThis is one of the largest series reporting outcomes for outpatient thyroid surgery. Since these surgeries appear to be shifting to an outpatient setting, this report reflects the experience with the majority of endocrine surgeries from the UHC database being performed presently. These results are derived from teaching hospitals and their affiliates and may not reflect the entirety of thyroid surgery in the United States.
Management options for aorto-oesophageal fistula: case histories and review of the literature
Authors: Göbölös L , Miskolczi S , Pousios D , Tsang GM , Livesey SA , Barlow CW , Kaarne M , Shambrook J , Lipnevicius A , Ohri SK 
Published: February 2013

Objective: An aorto-oesophageal fistula is a rare clinical entity, leading to life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding. Thoracic aortic aneurysms are the most common cause of aorto-oesophageal fistulae; further causes involve foreign body ingestion, trauma (in most cases iatrogenic), carcinoma or, very rarely, aortitis tuberculotica. Methods: Due to its rarity, there are no large multicentre studies present to evaluate the efficacy of different therapeutic management options. Since it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, we give a short summary of various treatment approaches performed in our clinical practice in the past three years. The most straightforward therapeutic option may be an endovascular aortic repair and subtotal oesophageal resection followed by gastro-oesophageal reconstruction, but other alternative treatment possibilities are also present, although with probable higher morbidity. Conclusions: Eliminating the source of bleeding as an emergency, resecting the oesophagus urgently to prevent sepsis and reconstructing the gastrointestinal continuity as an elective case after having the inflammatory processes settled seems to justify the endovascular aortic repair and subtotal oesophageal resection, followed by a gastro-oesophageal reconstruction, as an effective surgical approach.
Natalizumab in pediatric multiple sclerosis: results of a cohort of 55 cases
Authors: Ghezzi A , Pozzilli C , Grimaldi LME , Moiola L , Brescia-Morra V , Lugaresi A , Lus G , Rinaldi F , Rocca MA , Trojano M , Bianchi A , Comi G , Filippi M ,   the Italian MS Study Group
Published: February 2013

Background: Limited information is available on the use of natalizumab (NA) in pediatric multiple sclerosis (ped-MS) patients. Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the long-term effects of NA in a large cohort of active ped-MS patients. Methods: Patients with definite ped-MS were treated with NA if in the previous year they had experienced at least two relapses or a severe relapse with incomplete recovery while on immunomodulating treatment, or at least two relapses and new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions regardless of any prior treatment. Results: The study included 55 patients (mean age: 14.4 years, mean number of relapses: 4.4, pre-treatment mean disease duration: 25.5 months). They received a median number of 26 infusions. Three relapses occurred during the follow-up, one female patient continued to deteriorate in cognitive functioning. Mean Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores decreased from 2.7 to 1.9 at the last visit ( p<0.001). During the follow-up the majority of patients remained free from MRI activity. Transient and mild clinical adverse events occurred in 20 patients. Mild hematological abnormalities occurred in seven patients. Anti-JCV antibodies were detected in 20/51 tested patients. Conclusions: NA was well tolerated in all patients. A strong suppression of disease activity was observed in the majority of patients during the follow-up.
Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in benign multiple sclerosis
Authors: Lange Alex P , Zhu Feng , Sayao Ana-Luiza , Sadjadi Reza , Alkabie Samir , Traboulsee Anthony L , Costello Fiona , Tremlett Helen 
Published: February 2013

Background/objective: Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness has been linked to brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, little is known about retinal atrophy in ‘benign’ MS. We compared RNFL thickness in benign MS with healthy controls. Methods: Patients with benign MS (Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) ≤ 3; ≥15 years’ disease duration), identified through the British Columbia MS database, along with age-matched healthy controls, were recruited. RNFL thickness was measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare groups. The association between RNFL thickness and MS patient characteristics was examined via linear mixed-effects models (adjusting for within-patient inter-eye correlations and history of optic neuritis (ON), where appropriate). Results: Overall, 29 benign MS patients and 29 healthy controls were included, totaling 116 eyes. RNFL thickness was lowest for the benign MS eyes, with and then without a history of ON, followed by healthy controls (mean=73.2 µm, SD ± 0.4; 89.9 µm, SD ± 12.5; 96.7 µm, SD ± 10.4; p<0.02). RNFL thickness was associated with a history of ON ( p<0.0001), but not EDSS or disease duration ( p>0.1). Conclusions: RNFL thickness was lower in patients with benign MS than healthy controls, regardless of the previous history of ON. However, no association was found between RNFL values and disability or MS disease duration.
Determinants of poor adherence to secondary antibiotic prophylaxis for rheumatic fever recurrence on Lifou, New Caledonia: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gasse Brunelle , Baroux Noémie , Rouchon Bernard , Meunier Jean-Michel , Frémicourt Isabelle De , D’Ortenzio Eric 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundIncidence of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and prevalence of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in the Pacific region, including New Caledonia, are amongst the highest in the world. The main priority of long-term management of ARF or RHD is to ensure secondary prophylaxis is adhered to. The objectives of this study were to evaluate rates of adherence in people receiving antibiotic prophylaxis by intramuscular injections of penicillin in Lifou and to determine the factors associated with a poor adherence in this population.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study and we included 70 patients receiving injections of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent ARF recurrence on the island of Lifou. Patients were classified as “good-adherent” when the rate of adherence was ≥80% of the expected injections and as “poor-adherent” when it was <80%. Statistical analysis to identify factors associated with adherence was performed using a multivariate logistic regression model.ResultsOur study showed that 46% of patients from Lifou receiving antibiotic prophylaxis for ARF or RHD had a rate of adherence <80% and were therefore at high risk of recurrence of ARF. Three independent factors were protective against poor adherence: a household with more than five people (odds ratio, 0.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.08 to 0.75), a previous medical history of symptomatic ARF (odds ratio, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.98) and an adequate healthcare coverage (odds ratio, 0.21; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.72).ConclusionsTo improve adherence to secondary prophylaxis in Lifou, we therefore propose the following recommendations arising from the results of this study: i) identifying patients receiving antibiotic prophylaxis without medical history of ARF to strengthen their therapeutic education and ii) improving the medical coverage in patients with ARF or RHD. We also recommend that the nurse designated for the ARF prevention program in Lifou coordinate an active recall system based on an updated local register. But the key point to improve adherence among Melanesian patients is probably to give appropriate information regarding the disease and the treatment, taking into account the Melanesian perceptions of the disease.
Overexpression of p65 attenuates celecoxib-induced cell death in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line
Authors: Wang Ling , Kang Fubiao , Li Jie , Zhang Jing , Shan Baoen 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundCelecoxib is a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor that has been reported to reduce the risk of breast cancer. In our previous study, celecoxib induced apoptosis and caused cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, and its effects were mediated by downregulation of NF-κB signaling. The NF-κB p65/RelA subunit may play a role in cell death through the activation of anti-apoptotic target genes including the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) and Bcl-2 families, and inhibition of protein kinase B/Akt. The aim of the present study was to investigate p65 as the potential target of celecoxib treatment and determine whether p65 overexpression can override the inhibitory effect of celecoxib on NF-κB activity and affect cell survival.MethodsThe effects of p65 overexpression on celecoxib-inhibited NF-κB transcriptional activity were examined by western blotting, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and luciferase reporter gene assay. Cell viability and cell death were evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay, and the levels of cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase. Anti-apoptotic NF-κB target genes and cell cycle regulators were examined by western blotting to screen for the expression of target genes under direct regulation by p65.ResultsOverexpression of p65 increased NF-κB transcriptional activity and interfered with celecoxib-mediated apoptosis as assessed by MTT assay and caspase-3, caspase-9, and PARP expressions. Exogenously overexpressed p65 upregulated NF-κB-responsive genes, including anti-apoptotic genes such as survivin and XIAP, and the cell cycle regulatory gene cyclin D1. However, p65 overexpression did not affect celecoxib-induced p-Akt inactivation, suggesting that celecoxib might have separate molecular mechanisms for regulating Akt signaling independently of its inhibition of NF-κB transcriptional activity.Conclusionsp65 is a pivotal anti-apoptotic factor that can reverse celecoxib-induced growth inhibition in MDA-MB-231 cells.