bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesoscopic model of microstructure evolution in shape memory alloys, its numerical analysis and computer implementation
Authors: Roubíček Tomáš , Kružík Martin 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis contribution presents a mesoscopic model of evolution of microstructure in alloys exhibiting shape‐memory effects. Main features are a multi‐well stored energy at large strains and rate‐independent dissipation potential acting on volume fractions involved in the mesoscopic description of microstructure by Young measures. The focus is on analysis of an approximation scheme as well as on numerical simulations of single‐crystal experiments with specific alloys. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Computational Microstructures in Phase Transition Solids and Finite‐Strain Elastoplasticity
Authors: Carstensen C. , Hackl K. , Hoppe U. , Orlando A. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAim of this paper is to show that the life‐golden rule ‘If you can relax, do it’ applies also to the numerical analysis of microstructures. In broad terms relaxation aims to characterize the weak limits of infimizing sequences with fine scale oscillations of gradients. The latter are identified with the fine‐scale microstructure observed in phase transition solids and in inelastic materials in the form of shear bands. An effective density energy is introduced that allows characterization of the admissible microstructure. This equals the least value that the energy of the system can reach among all the microstructures and defines the difficult notion of quasiconvexity. For vector nonconvex energy densities W, the quasiconvex hull Wqc is indeed known only in very few cases, therefore, a numerical relaxation has to be involved. This poses however a computational challenge, because the solution of a nonconvex optimization problem is required. Other notions, such as finite laminates, rank‐one convexity, and polyconvexity are introduced and a new class of algorithms for their approximations is introduced. This and other issues will be discussed and illustrated on model examples. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Microstructure Development in Standard Dissipative Solids Based on Energy Minimization
Authors: Miehe Christian 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe paper provides an overview about recent developments in the formulation and numerical implementation of incremental minimization principles for inelastic solids and their exploitation with regard to the analysis of deformation microstructures. The point of departure is a general internal variable formulation for standard dissipative materials. Consistent with this type of finite inelasticity we outline a distinct incremental variational formulation of the local constitutive response where an incremental stress potential is obtained from a local minimization problem with respect to the internal variables. The existence of the incremental stress potential allows the formulation of I BVPs for standard dissipative solids as a sequence of incremental minimization problems. The stability of these incremental problems is controlled by weak convexity properties of the incremental stress potential. Micro–structure developments in incrementally non–convex dissipative solids can be resolved by relaxation methods based on convexification analyses. The relaxed problems provide a wel–posed overall response of the instable dissipative solid as close as possible to the original problem. We consider the basic set up of these relaxation analyses for dissipative standard materials in terms of incremental minimization problems for exact and approximated quasi and rankone convexifications and discuss details of their algorithmic implementations. The incremental energy minimization is applied to two conceptual model problems which treat microstructure developments in homogeneous and heterogeneous dissipative solids. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Numerical Linear Algebra for Model Reduction in Control and Simulation
Authors: Benner Peter 
Published: May 2014

AbstractModel reduction is an ubiquitous tool in analysis and simulation of dynamical systems, control design, circuit simulation, structural dynamics, CFD, etc. In the past decades many approaches have been developed for reducing the order of a given model. Often these methods have been derived in parallel in different disciplines with particular applications in mind. We will discuss some of the most prominent methods used for linear systems, compare their properties and highlight similarities. In particular, we will emphasize the role of recent developments in numerical linear algebra in the different approaches. Efficiently using these new techniques, the range of applicability of some of the methods has considerably widened. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
FETI Domain Decomposition Methods for Second Order Elliptic Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Klawonn Axel 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA survey on certainFiniteElementTearing andInterconnecting (FETI) methods for second order elliptic partial differential equations is given. FETI methods are nonoverlapping domain decomposition algorithms where continuity across subdomain boundaries is treated, sometimes only in parts, by Lagrange multipliers. The family of FETI algorithms is among the best known and most severely tested domain decomposition methods for elliptic partial differential equations. In this article, an overview is given of the classical one‐level FETI method and the more recent dual‐primal FETI methods; both type of algorithms are considered for scalar, second order, elliptic equations and the system of linear elasticity, and are illustrated by some computational results. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
DISCHARGE COEFFICIENT OF SHARP‐CRESTED SIDE WEIR IN TRAPEZOIDAL CHANNEL WITH DIFFERENT SIDE‐WALL SLOPES UNDER SUBCRITICAL FLOW CONDITIONS
Authors: Keshavarzi Alireza , Ball James 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTIn this study, a comprehensive experimental study was performed to find an equation for the estimation of flow discharge over a sharp‐crested side weir in a trapezoidal channel. A physical model with side slopes of 1.5, 1, 0.5 and 0 was used and sharp‐crested side weirs with different lengths and heights were tested under different flow conditions. In this study, 212 laboratory tests were performed with different side‐wall slopes under subcritical flow conditions since the Froude number = 0.08–0.80. As a result, using statistical analysis, a linear relationship is proposed here for estimation of the side‐weir discharge coefficient in a trapezoidal channel. The new equation is a function of the upstream Froude number, weir height and side‐wall slope. The new equation enables estimation of flow discharge over the side weir with consideration of different side slopes. Furthermore, previously proposed discharge relationships for estimation of the discharge coefficient over sharp‐crested side weirs were compared with the new equation and experimental data from this study and this comparison is also reported in this paper. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bisphenol‐A Induces Podocytopathy With Proteinuria in Mice
Authors: Olea‐Herrero Nuria , Arenas María Isabel , Muñóz‐Moreno Carmen , Moreno‐Gómez‐Toledano Rafael , González‐Santander Marta , Arribas Ignacio , Bosch Ricardo J. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBisphenol‐A, a chemical used in the production of the plastic lining of food and beverage containers, can be found in significant levels in human fluids. Recently, bisphenol‐A has been associated with low‐grade albuminuria in adults as well as in children. Since glomerular epithelial cells (podocytes) are commonly affected in proteinuric conditions, herein we explored the effects of bisphenol‐A on podocytes in vitro and in vivo. On cultured podocytes we first observed that bisphenol‐A—at low or high concentrations—(10 nM and 100 nM, respectively) was able to induce hypertrophy, diminish viability, and promote apoptosis. We also found an increase in the protein expression of TGF‐β1 and its receptor, the cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1, as well as collagen‐IV, while observing a diminished expression of the slit diaphragm proteins nephrin and podocin. Furthermore, mice intraperitoneally injected with bisphenol‐A (50 mg/Kg for 5 weeks) displayed an increase in urinary albumin excretion and endogenous creatinine clearance. Renal histology showed mesangial expansion. At ultrastructural level, podocytes displayed an enlargement of both cytoplasm and foot processes as well as the presence of condensed chromatin, suggesting apoptosis. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry for WT‐1 (specific podocyte marker) and the TUNEL technique showed podocytopenia as well as the presence of apoptosis, respectively. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that Bisphenol‐A exposure promotes a podocytopathy with proteinuria, glomerular hyperfiltration and podocytopenia. Further studies are needed to clarify the potential role of bisphenol‐A in the pathogenesis as well as in the progression of renal diseases. J. Cell. Physiol. 229: 2057–2066, 2014. © 2014 The Authors. Journal of Cellular Physiology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mobilizing Victim Services: The Role of Reporting to the Police
Authors: Zaykowski Heather 
Published: May 2014

AbstractVictim assistance programs have grown dramatically in response to the victim's rights movement and concern over difficulty navigating victim services. Evidence, however, indicates that very few victims seek assistance. The present study examined factors associated with victim service use including reporting to the police, the victim's demographic characteristics, the victim's injury, offender's use of a weapon, the victim's relationship to the offender, and the victim's mental and physical distress. Data came from a subset of the National Crime Victimization Survey 2008–2011 (N = 4,746), a stratified multistage cluster sample survey of persons age 12 years and older in the United States. Logistic regression models indicated that fewer than 10% of victims of violent crime sought help from victim services. Reporting to the police increased the odds of seeking services by 3 times. In addition, the odds of victims attacked by an intimate partner seeking services were 4.5 times greater than victims attacked by strangers. Findings suggest that additional exploratory work is needed in uncovering the mechanism of police involvement in linking victims to services. Specifically, do police understand what services are available to victims and why are police more likely to inform some types of victims about services more than others?
The concept formerly known as information (the panel)
Authors: Hartel Jenna , Pollock Karen , Noone Rebecca 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis session introduces a new approach to the concept of information, utilizing an arts‐informed, visual approach. 137 graduate students from a North American iSchool were asked “What is information?” and responded by drawing upon a 4” by 4” piece of paper, coined an “iSquare.” The drawings of information (Figure 1) were analyzed using compositional and thematic analysis techniques adapted from precedent visual studies. The results include the identification of the most common graphical representations used to express information, as well as three themes pertaining to the social, technological, and “informational” dimensions of information. This panel employs the iSquare study and its outcomes as a springboard to engage – afresh – the concept of information today. After the original research is reported, invited experts from information science, museum studies, and social epistemology will offer commentary. “The Concept Formerly Known as Information” is a riff on the antics of American singer‐songwriter Prince, who in 1993 changed his name to an unpronounceable glyph and was called (for a short time) “The Artist Formerly Known as Prince.” This panel seeks a similar jolt to the status‐quo when the concept of information is transformed from word to image.
User experience (UX) labs: Fostering innovative academic research (panel proposal)
Authors: Richardson Ben , Tang Rong 
Published: May 2014

AbstractUser Experience laboratories (UX labs henceforth) affiliated with Library and Information Science schools support a wide range of academic research by faculty members and graduate students. Though their names vary (e.g., information experience lab, usability lab, Human Computer Interaction lab), these labs serve on the front lines to investigate the impact of shifting information behaviors by implementing innovative methods for conducting usability studies and analysis. This panel, represented by UX lab faculty/staff members affiliated with three different institutions, will focus on describing a variety of research projects conducted in their labs, discussing the benefits and challenges of conducting research, and introducing multiple usability research methods such as heuristic evaluation, portable usability lab for site research, and mobile usability testing methods and tools.CONFERENCE TRACKTrack 1: Human Information Interaction
Crossing the boundaries in information science: Perspectives on interdisciplinarity
Authors: Aparac‐Jelus̆ić Tatjana , Ibekwe‐SanJuan Fidelia , Huvila Isto , Ma Lai , Jimenez Virginia Ortiz‐Repiso , Warner Julian 
Published: May 2014

AbstractInformation science has often been recognized as an interdisciplinary field. The marriage between librarianship/documentation and computer science was a natural development in the United States in the post‐War period (Farkas‐Conn, 1991; Hahn & Barlow, 2012), while the development of information science in Europe has largely stayed close to the humanities and the social sciences, in particular, in relation to communication and media (Ibekwe‐SanJuan, et al., 2010). For many years, the interdisciplinary nature of information science has been applauded; until recently, we are warned that interdisciplinarinity may be harmful to the identity of the field. Buckland (2012) states that the claim of being “interdisciplinary” is to choose a position of weakness because “in times of economic crisis political power tends to reside in well‐established disciplines.” Cronin (2012) comments that “the field's sense of identity, arguably fragile at the best of times, is likely to be further weakened” for its “epistemic promiscuity.”This international panel aims to discuss the theoretical boundaries of information science in relation to disciplinarity and to the identity of information science with a special reference to the premises, promises and implications of diverging historical and contemporary traditions in different European countries and in the US. Is information science gaining strength by being more interdisciplinary or is “the basic problem for LIS seems at the moment to be a lack of sufficiently strong centripetal forces keeping the field together” as Hjørland (forthcoming) fears. Does IS risk disintegration or dilution if it is being pulled more by centrifugal forces towards neighbouring disciplines rather than by centripetal forces? Is the main problem of IS “epistemological promiscuity”? This panel will discuss how IS in their different geographical or cultural zones has grappled with these issues which are in essence issues of boundaries. In particular, we will discuss the following questions:

How information science is affiliated with other disciplines (e.g. natural sciences, social sciences, or interdisciplinary fields) in different regions, countries and institutions represented by the panelists?
How is interdisciplinarity perceived in the panelists' institution/country?
What are the main theories, if any, that inform research in information science and the formation of research areas in different regions, countries and institutions?
Why and how the identity and disciplinarity of information science matter in the context of the work of information science researchers and practitioners?
Teens and social media: Where are we now, where next?
Authors: Magee Rachel M. , Agosto Denise E. , Forte Andrea , Ahn June , Dickard Michael , Reynolds Rebecca 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis panel will discuss the current state of research and present new work examining teens and social media. Panelists will share work that approaches this area in new ways, including an examination of question asking practices on social media, message sharing practices on Facebook, and teen social media and information uses during game design work. The panel will conclude with an interactive discussion designed to identify future research collaborations, directions, and priorities at the intersection of teens and social media. ASIS&T SIG USE has agreed to sponsor this panel.
In the name of terror?: Information and policy in the decade post 9/11
Authors: Caidi Nadia , Unsworth Kristene , Leuprecht Christian , Doty Philip 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIt seems that every passing week reveals new developments in the ways in which information policies are being implemented throughout society. Tragedies like the Boston Marathon bombings of March 2013, along with the VIA Rail train plots in the Toronto‐Montreal corridor remind and compel us to examine the decade that has passed since the events of 9/11 and the subsequent legislative and policy impacts on information. The aim is to provide information professionals and scholars with an open forum to critically reflect on post‐9/11 legislation, policies, and practices and how they impact access to information and informational activities more generally, including the production, management, and diffusion of public information. With an eye toward the future, we examine the extent to which the discourses and practices of the past decade have contributed to shaping and reshaping our information environment, how the information field has responded in the ten years since this defining event, and why and how information professionals ought to remain engaged in these matters in the future.
Tagging personal information: A contrast between attitudes and behavior
Authors: Bergman Ofer , Gradovitch Noa , Bar‐Ilan Judit , Beyth‐Marom Ruth 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn a previous work we tested users' preferences with systems that allow to store and retrieve information either using tags or folders. In the current study we asked participants sampled from the same population about their attitudes towards tags by using a questionnaire (N = 168). We then compared the results regarding attitudes gathered in this study with the ones testing actual behavior gathered in our previous one. Overall, results showed positive attitudes towards tagging and multiple classification. These finding are in sharp contrast with our previous behavioral study which showed clear preference for folders and single classification: Our participants tended to agree with statements such as “most people use folders only due to habits”, “if users were taught to use tags they would prefer them over folders”, and “In 20 years children born today will use mostly”; however in our previous study in which we taught our participants to use tags there was a clear behavioral preference for folders over tags. Most participants in the present study thought that giving several classifications to personal information is a good idea, while our previous results showed that even when tags were used, multiple classification was exceptional. Furthermore, our current participants tended to agree that “the use of tags is more efficient than folder use” while in our previous study retrieval was faster without tags. We conclude this paper with suggestions regarding future research.
Semi‐supervised probabilistic sentiment analysis: Merging labeled sentences with unlabeled reviews to identify sentiment
Authors: Yates Andrew , Goharian Nazli , Yee Wai Gen 
Published: May 2014

AbstractDocument level sentiment analysis, the task of determining whether the sentiment expressed in a document is positive or negative, is commonly performed by supervised methods. As with all supervised tasks, obtaining training data for these methods can be expensive and time‐consuming. Some semi‐supervised approaches have been proposed that rely on sentiment lexicons. We propose a novel supervised and a novel semi‐supervised sentiment analysis method that are both based on a probabilistic graphical model, without requiring any lexicon. Our semi‐supervised method takes advantage of the numerical ratings that are often included in online reviews (e.g., 4 out of 5 stars). While these numerical ratings are related to sentiment, they are noisy and hence, by themselves, they are an imperfect indicator of reviews' sentiments. We incorporate unlabeled user reviews as training data by treating the reviews' numerical ratings as sentiment labels while modeling the ratings' noisy nature. Our empirical results, utilizing a corpus of labeled sentences from hotel reviews and unlabeled hotel reviews with numerical ratings, show that treating reviews' ratings as noisy and utilizing them to augment a small amount of labeled sentences outperforms strong existing supervised and semi‐supervised classification‐based and lexicon‐based approaches.
Learning to be a better q'er in social Q&A sites: Social norms and information artifacts
Authors: Ahn June , Butler Brian S. , Weng Cindy , Webster Sarah 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSocial question and answer sites (SQAs) are increasingly popular knowledge sharing platforms. In this paper, we outline how an SQA site functions as a social learning community. The success of an SQA site depends not only on effectively organizing and delivering information, but also on whether it can provide the cues needed by community members to successfully learn to be productive contributors. We explore this learning process in four different SQAs that utilize the Stack Exchange platform: Science Fiction & Fantasy, Seasoned Advice (cooking), Database Administrators, and Android Enthusiasts. Using longitudinal fixed effects models, we examine whether users learn to be better question askers over time, and how user interface features and community norms affect the cultivation of this critical skill. The study offers design implications by highlighting factors that help users develop into literate and productive community contributors in social platforms.
Back to our roots for retrieving very short passages
Authors: Naji Nada , Savoy Jacques 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis article tackles the task of retrieving very short documents via even shorter queries. The problem on hand may relate to the retrieval of tweets, image and table captions, short text messages (SMS) and sponsored retrieval among others. In such cases, document and/or query expansion using thesauri and other external resources (e.g., Wikipedia) usually available on the World Wide Web (WWW) are proven to be effective approaches. However, the focus of this paper is on documents that are written in lesser known languages for which the WWW is of limited use. Our experiments are based on two main corpora extracted from historical manuscripts written in Latin and Middle High German. We found that retrieving very short documents whose lengths are quite similar via short queries given that no external enrichment resources are available, the classicaltf‐idfmodel performs as satisfactorily as the more complex models do, if not better sometimes.