bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-Combustion of Municipal Sewage Sludge and Hard Coal on Fluidized Bed Boiler WF-6
Authors: Rajczyk Rafał , Bień Jurand , Palka Henryk , Pogodziński Andrzej , Smorąg Hubert 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
According to data of the Central Statistical Ofﬁce, the amount of sludge produced in municipal wastewater treatment plants in 2010 amounted to 526000 Mg d.m. The forecast of municipal sewage sludge amount in 2015 according to KPGO2014 will reach 642400 Mg d.m. and is expected to increase in subsequent years. Signiﬁcant amounts of sludge will create problems due to its utilization. In order to solve this problem the use of thermal methods for sludge utilization is expected. According to the National Waste Management Plan nearly 30% of sewage sludge mass should be thermally utilized by 2022. The article presents the results of co-combustion of coal and municipal sewage sludge in a bubbling ﬂuidized bed boiler made by SEFAKO and located in the Municipal Heating Company in Morag. Four tests of hard coal and sewage sludge co-combustion have been conducted. Boiler performance, emissions and ash quality were investigated.
Curve Number Estimation for a Small Urban Catchment from Recorded Rainfall-Runoff Events
Authors: Banasik Kazimierz , Krajewski Adam , Sikorska Anna , Hejduk Leszek 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Runoff estimation is a key component in various hydrological considerations. Estimation of storm runoff is especially important for the effective design of hydraulic and road structures, for the ﬂood ﬂow management, as well as for the analysis of land use changes, i.e. urbanization or low impact development of urban areas. The curve number (CN) method, developed by Soil Conservation Service (SCS) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture for predicting the ﬂood runoff depth from ungauged catchments, has been in continuous use for ca. 60 years. This method has not been extensively tested in Poland, especially in small urban catchments, because of lack of data. In this study, 39 rainfall-runoff events, collected during four years (2009–2012) in a small (A=28.7 km2), urban catchment of Służew Creek in southwest part of Warsaw were used, with the aim of determining the CNs and to check its applicability to ungauged urban areas. The parameters CN, estimated empirically, vary from 65.1 to 95.0, decreasing with rainfall size and, when sorted rainfall and runoff separately, reaching the value from 67 to 74 for large rainfall events.
The Impact Of E-Learning In The Rural Business Environment
Authors: Alexe Cătălin George , Alexe Cătălina Monica , Popescu Cristian-Aurelian 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis paper presents the eLearning as a modern and efficient tool for teaching entrepreneurship. The outcomes of an entrepreneurship education project, developed and carried out in Romania, are shown. The eLearning projects, called “Rural Manager” and “Rural Entrepreneur”, address to the rural communities with an entrepreneurship education curriculum. The education needs were identified through a survey conducted on 954 persons random selected from 23 counties in case of the “Rural Entrepreneur” project. The eLearning platforms developed by the two projects comprise various modules for example: the firm and the economic environment, entrepreneurship and innovation, business management, business marketing, finance and business accounting, communication and negotiation, and IT for businesses. In addition, the platform facilitates the consulting and networking services, as well as an e-business platform promoting the beneficiaries’ products/services. In order to measure scientifically the needs of training and of managerial consultancy at distance, complex researches were used that implied the achievement of focus groups, brainstorming and depth interviews as well as statistical analyses. The number of the beneficiaries of the two projects was over 1000 persons and their occupational statute was variously: owners, employees from the public or private sector, freelancers, farmers, students and unemployed workers.
Corporate Education, As A Social Responsibility Of Universities
Authors: Jucan Cornel Nicolae , Dolf Baier , Mihaela Sabina 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe paper discusses the importance and relevance of corporate education as a social responsibility of universities. The research findings are intended to provide a starting-point for understanding the nature of the working relationship between universities and corporations in order to successfully develop and deliver corporate education programs in engineering and business. The role of universities has been evolving over the last 20 years, from a focus on teaching and research towards a partnership with industry, government and communities. Nowadays the mission of higher education comprises also the necessity to contribute to the sustainable development and improvement of society as a whole. The ability of the universities to organize the traditional disciplines differently to suit the needs of the society is the key to success of corporate education. Beyond the crisis, the strategic importance of the corporate education is driven by technological changes, the global economic liberalization, the rise of the service economy, the cosmopolitanism, etc.
Innovating For Sustainabile Universities
Authors: Deneş Călin , Grecu Valentin 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis paper presents an original approach to the changes required for the transformation of universities in sustainable universities. The focus is on the innovative approach of all activities and relationships of the university: teaching, scientific research and other services offered by the university, the relations of the university with the communities where it operates, inter-university relations, relations with business environment, etc. Based on the experience and information gathered by the authors in the strategic project “Improving University Management”, it is proposed a better, more efficient and more effective way of using the resources of universities, thus sharing the resources within the university and with others partners. Shared resources can belong not only to universities but also to their other collaborating organizations interested in the general progress of the society. This can become reality only if the universities will realize that by working together they can achieve higher performance rather than by simply competing with each other, approach which is not excluded but otherwise addressed.
Impact Of Instructional Technology Inclusions In Course Delivery For Engineering And Business Education
Authors: Muhammad Rizwan , Fakharun Nisa , Muhammad Adeel , Muhammad Ramzan , Baral Lal Mohan 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAs new technologies are emerging, new trends are also emerging in teaching and learning. Technology inclusion in teaching provides alternative ways to deliver education in pursuit of promoting learning. One of the innovative methods is Blended Learning (BL). This method incorporates both, the traditional Face-to-Face (F2F) instruction and Web-based distance learning method and it imparts an improved learning experience for the students. In this case study, BL models were adopted involving the teaching of two courses—business management and industrial manufacturing at University of Management and Technology (UMT) Lahore. In the models, students’ performance in terms of their liking threshold, were used as the output. The results revealed that instructional technology inclusion caused greater successes in terms of course acceptability by students. This showed an average improvement of 64% in the student performance. ICT or Information and Communication Technology have gained popularity in education sector. In the recent years the term “e-learning” has emerged as a result of the integration of ICT in the education field, but some pitfalls have been identified and this have led to the “Blended learning” phenomenon. The paper can provide directions for the future blended learning environment that may be opted by all the three main stakeholder student, tutors and institution to make strategic decision about the learning and teaching initiatives. The paper concludes that blended learning offers the most flexible and result oriented learning. This paper provides case studies of two of the BL courses including the mode of offering, content with assessment strategies for students to meet the learning outcomes of the courses in detail.
The Research School In The Field Of Engineering Sciences
Authors: Susan Resiga Magda , Kifor ţtefania , Bucur Amelia 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe paper proposes the detailing of the concept of “Research School”, which encourage the maximization of the performance, both in the doctoral studies and also in the scientific research. The multi-criteria programming is used for the classification of the Romanian Research Schools in the field of engineering sciences. The application, realized through the method of multi-criteria programming in the field of evaluation and ranking of the research schools, will highlight that an optimum decision may be made through modelling and simulation in this field, with the information provided by Microsoft Excel, regarding the selection of a research school as being the closest to performance or excellence, and also regarding the ranking of the research schools.
Aligning Further Education And Training With The Advanced Manufacturing Technology Strategy: South Africa Case Study
Authors: Dube Partson , Muyengwa Goodwell , Battle Kimberly 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAcademic institutions need to exhibit the appropriate flexibility to meet the demands of industry. This descriptive study seeks to identify the problems both in the private sector and in the education sector with regards to engineer training and to utilise the strengths of both to provide a solution. The study highlights the current growth of the manufacturing sector and the continuing skills gap. It identifies the problems faced by the manufacturing industry and also changes that can be made to the further education training curriculum. Investigations of the impacts of the engineering training and the factors affecting training and that inhibit or facilitate the engineering training were done. Based on experience and many discussions with the private and education sector with regards to the particular problems currently being faced by those wanting to use advanced manufacturing technology it is hoped this document will generate a lively debate between the private and public sector. This paper fulfils an identified training need and offers a practical solution to overcome a national skills shortage.
Distribution of elements among minerals of a single (muscovite-) biotite granite sample – an optimal approach and general implications
Authors: Janoušek Vojtěch , Navrátil Tomáš , Trubač Jakub , Strnad Ladislav , Laufek František , Minařík Luděk 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The petrography and mineral chemistry of the coarse-grained, weakly porphyritic (muscovite-) biotite Říčany granite (Variscan Central Bohemian Plutonic Complex, Bohemian Massif) were studied in order to assess the distribution of major and trace elements among its minerals, with consequences for granite petrogenesis and availability of geochemical species during supergene processes. It is demonstrated that chemistry-based approaches are the best suited for modal analyses of granites, especially methods taking into account compositions of whole-rock samples as well as their mineral constituents, such as constrained least-squares algorithm. They smooth out any local variations (mineral zoning, presence of phenocrysts, schlieren…) and are robust in respect to the presence of phenocrysts or fabrics. The study confirms the notion that the accessory phases play a key role in incorporation of many elements during crystallization of granitic magmas. Especially the REE seem of little value in petrogenetic modelling, unless the role of accessories is properly assessed and saturation models for apatite, zircon, monazite±rutile carefully considered. At the same time, the presence of several P-, Zr- and LREE-bearing phases may have some important consequences for saturation thermometry of apatite, zircon and monazite.
Tectonic evolution of the Sicilian Maghrebian Chain inferred from stratigraphic and petrographic evidences of Lower Cretaceous and Oligocene flysch
Authors: Puglisi Diego 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The occurrence of a Lower Cretaceous flysch group, cropping out from the Gibraltar Arc to the Balkans with a very similar structural setting and sedimentary provenance always linked to the dismantling of internal areas, suggests the existence of only one sedimentary basin (Alpine Tethys s.s.), subdivided into many other minor oceanic areas. The Maghrebian Basin, mainly developed on thinned continental crust, was probably located in the westernmost sector of the Alpine Tethys. Cretaceous re-organization of the plates triggered one (or more) tectonic phases, well recorded in almost all the sectors of the Alpine Tethys. However, the Maghrebian Basin seems to have been deformed by Late- or post-Cretaceous tectonics, connected with a “meso-Alpine” phase (pre-Oligocene), already hypothesized since the beginning of the nineties. Field geological evidence and recent biostratigraphic data also support this important meso- Alpine tectonic phase in the Sicilian segment of the Maghrebian Chain, indicated by the deformations of a Lower Cretaceous flysch sealed by Lower Oligocene turbidite deposits. This tectonic development is emphasized here because it was probably connected with the onset of rifting in the southern paleomargin of the European plate, the detaching of the so-called AlKaPeCa block (Auct.; i.e. Alboran + Kabylian + Calabria and Peloritani terranes) and its fragmentation into several microplates. The subsequent early Oligocene drifting of these microplates led to the progressive closure of the Maghrebian Basin and the opening of new back-arc oceanic basins, strongly controlled by extensional processes, in the western Mediterranean (i.e. Gulf of Lion, Valencia Trough, Provençal Basin and Alboran Sea).
Review of Sensor-Based Approach to Reliable High Speed Machining at Boeing – A Tribute to Jan Jeppsson
Authors: Tu Jay F. , Corless Martin 
Published: August 2014

AbstractJan Jeppsson was the key architect of a sensor-based system for reliable implementation of High Speed Machining technologies at Boeing Commercial Airplane Group, resulting in substantial increase in productivity in addition to significant cost reduction. Mr. Jeppsson retired from Boeing in 2003 and passed away on December 31, 2012. In memory of his ingenious contributions to high speed end milling technologies in a real production environment, we present this review paper based on his papers and patents. This paper starts with the chatter and control problems encountered in machining commercial airplane structural components, which could be over 100 ft long, using spindles at speeds over 50,000 rpm and end mills over one inch in diameter and axial length exceeding four inches. Mr. Jeppsson developed a software system, Machining Prediction Software (MPS), to identify chatter-free machining windows for different combinations of tools, machine structures, and spindle speeds. The sensor-based milling control system, denoted as the Jeppsson Controller, is used to achieve highest material removal rate with minimal risk of tool breakages and spindle bearings failures. This paper concludes with tributes from Mr. Jeppsson’s co-workers at Boeing, testifying to his character and integrity as a visionary, a mentor, and a leader.
Table Based Algorithm for Inverse-Time Overcurrent Relay
Authors: N. Stojanovic Zoran , B. Djuric Milenko 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
This paper presents a new table based algorithm for overcurrent relay with inverse-time characteristic. The algorithm is based on loading the adequate time vector through which inverse-time characteristic is modeled. It uses samples of the current and calculates rms value. The rms current represents an input value for the index estimation what determines corresponding element from already loaded time vector. Since the calculations used in this algorithm are based on simple mathematical operations, short processing time is achieved. Performances of the algorithm are tested by several computer-generated signals. Furthermore, comparative analyses showed indisputably that suggested procedure possesses significant advantages compared to other solutions: simplicity, high speed of operation and accuracy.
Considering on Lightning Electric Fields in Presence of Ground Reflection at Non-Perfect Ground
Authors: Izadi Mahdi , Ab Kadir M. Z. A. , Hajikhani Maryam 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
In this paper, general electric field expressions are proposed to consider the effect of channel base ground reflections and ground conductivity on the electric field components due to lightning. The proposed method can support different current models and functions directly in the time domain without the need to apply any extra conversions. The proposed method is applied on a sample of measured channel base current from triggered lightning experiment and the results are discussed accordingly. The results show that the ground reflection and ground conductivity can have an effect on the peak values of the electric fields whereby the electric field components have a great effect on the widely used coupling models.
The joint probability distribution of runoff and sediment and its change characteristics with multi-time scales
Authors: Zhang Jinping , Ding Zhihong , You Jinjun 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
River runoff and sediment transport are two related random hydrologic variables. The traditional statistical analysis method usually requires those two variables to be linearly correlated, and also have an identical marginal distribution. Therefore, it is difficult to know exactly the characteristics of the runoff and sediment in reality. For this reason, copulas are applied to construct the joint probability distribution of runoff and sediment in this article. The risk of synchronous-asynchronous encounter probability of annual rich-poor runoff and sediment is also studied. At last, the characteristics of annual runoff and sediment with multi-time scales in its joint probability distribution space are simulated by empirical mode decomposition method. The results show that the copula function can simulate the joint probability distribution of runoff and sediment of Huaxia hydrological station in Weihe River well, and that such joint probability distribution has very complex change characteristics at time scales.
Association Of Serum Pentraxin-3 And High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein With The Extent Of Coronary Stenosis In Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography
Authors: Vuković-Dejanović Vesna , Bogavac-Stanojević Nataša , Spasić Slavica , Spasojević-Kalimanovska Vesna , Kalimanovska-Oštrić Dimitra , Topalović Mirko , Jelić-Ivanović Zorana 
Published: August 2014

SummaryBackground:We compared factors of inflammation – high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and pentraxin-3 (PTX3), and we explored their relationship with coronary artery disease (CAD). Also, we tested the usefulness of hsCRP and PTX3 in the risk assessment of coronary stenosis development and the diagnostic ability of these biomarkers to detect disease severity.Methods:The study group consisted of 93 CAD patients undergoing coronary angiography. Patients were divided into CAD(0), representing subclinical stenosis, and CAD (1–3), representing significant stenosis in one, two or three vessels.Results:We determined the concentration of lipid status parameters, hsCRP and PTX3. We found significantly lower PTX3 and hsCRP concentrations in CAD(0) than in CAD(1–3) group. Concentration of PTX3 showed an increasing trend with the increasing number of vessels affected. The area under ROC curve (AUC) for the combinations of hsCRP and PTX3 with lipid parameters had useful accuracy for detecting CAD(1–3) patients (AUC=0.770,p<0.001).Conclusion:PTX3 is a promising independent diagnostic marker for identifying patients with CAD, and a useful indicator of disease progression. In all the analyses PTX3 showed better performance than hsCRP. A combination of PTX3, hsCRP with the lipid status parameters provides risk stratification of the development of coronary stenosis and better classification than their individual application.
Seismic Soil-Tunnels Interaction Via Bem Part I. Mechanical Model
Authors: Dineva P. , Parvanova S. , Vasilev G. , Wuttke F. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Two-dimensional elastodynamic problem for seismic response of unlined and lined tunnels located in a layered half-plane with free surface relief is solved. The computation tool uses the idea of the global matrix propagator method which allows derivation of a relation between the wave field quantities along different interfaces in the layered half- plane. The numerical realization of this idea is performed with the help of the sub-structured boundary element method (BEM) well suited when objects with arbitrary geometry are considered. A relation between dis- placements and tractions along the free surface and arbitrary interface of the soil stratum is derived. It works for arbitrary geometry of the interfaces between soil layers. Finally, in the companion paper, numerical results are presented which show both a validation study of the pro- posed computational methodology and extensive numerical simulations demonstrating the influence of some important factors as type and characteristics of the incident wave, dynamic tunnels interaction, soil-tunnel interaction, free surface relief, type of the tunnel construction and mechanical properties of the layered half-plane on the complex seismic field near and far-away from the underground structures.
Influence of A/D Quantization in an Interpolated DFT Based System of Power Control with A Small Delay
Authors: Borkowski Józef , Kania Dariusz , Mroczka Janusz 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Fast and accurate grid signal frequency estimation is a very important issue in the control of renewable energy systems. Important factors that influence the estimation accuracy include the A/D converter parameters in the inverter control system. This paper presents the influence of the number of A/D converter bits b, the phase shift of the grid signal relative to the time window, the width of the time window relative to the grid signal period (expressed as a cycle in range (CiR) parameter) and the number of N samples obtained in this window with the A/D converter on the developed estimation method results. An increase in the number b by 8 decreases the estimation error by approximately 256 times. The largest estimation error occurs when the signal module maximum is in the time window center (for small values of CiR) or when the signal value is zero in the time window center (for large values of CiR). In practical applications, the dominant component of the frequency estimation error is the error caused by the quantization noise, and its range is from approximately 8×10-10 to 6×10-4.