bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of YKL‐40 Acute‐Phase Protein and Interleukin‐6 Levels in Periodontal Disease
Authors: Keles Zeynep Pinar , Keles Gonca Cayir , Avci Bahattin , Cetinkaya Burcu Ozkan , Emingil Gulnur 
Published: March 2014

Background: YKL‐40, a new acute‐phase protein, is shown to be elevated in inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery diseases. However, there is no data indicating a relationship between YKL‐40 and periodontal disease. Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) is the major regulator of acute‐phase protein synthesis and one of the most studied inflammatory markers in periodontal disease. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate YKL‐40 and IL‐6 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum of patients with periodontal disease and healthy individuals.Methods: Periodontally healthy individuals (n = 15), patients with gingivitis (n = 15), and patients with severe chronic periodontitis (CP) (n = 15) without any systemic disease were included in the study. Clinical measurements were recorded; GCF and blood samples were obtained from each participant. GCF and serum YKL‐40 and IL‐6 levels were analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed by parametric and non‐parametric tests.Results: Total amounts of YKL‐40 and IL‐6 in GCF as well as serum YKL‐40 and IL‐6 levels were significantly higher in patients with gingivitis and CP compared with healthy controls (P <0.01). YKL‐40 levels in GCF and serum as well as serum IL‐6 levels were significantly higher in patients with CP compared with patients with gingivitis (P <0.01).Conclusions: YKL‐40 levels in GCF as well as serum YKL‐40 and IL‐6 levels increased from gingivitis to periodontitis. Within the limits of the present study, the YKL‐40 molecule might be a potential novel inflammatory marker of periodontal disease.
Sensitivity of Goce Gradients on Greenland Mass Variation And Changes in Ice Topography
Authors: Herceg M. , Tscherning C. C. , Levinsen J. F. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The Gravity field and steady state Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) maps variations in the gravity field by observing second order derivatives (gradients) of the Earth gravitational potential. Flying in the low altitude of 255 km and having a spatially dense data distribution of short wavelengths of the gravity field, GOCE may be used to enhance the time varying gravity signal coming fromthe GRACE satellites.
The GOCE gradients may potentially be used for the determination of residual masses in local regions. This can be done using Least-Squares Collocation (LSC) or the Reduced Point Mass (RPM) method. In this study, different gravity field solutions are calculated by the use of RPM, LSC and GOCE gradients, respectively. Gravity field time series are created and presented for the six consecutive months of GOCE gradient observations, data being acquired between November 2009 and June 2010. Corresponding gravity anomaly results are used for the calculation of ice mass changes by the use of theRPMmethod. The results are then compared with the computed topographic effect of the ice by the use of a modified topographic correction and the Gravsoft TC program.
The maximal gravity changes at the ground predicted from GOCE gradients are between 2 and 4 mGal for the period considered. The gravity anomaly estimation error arising from the GOCE gradient data using only Tzz with an associated error of 20 mE is 11 mGal. This analysis shows the potential of using GOCE data for observations of ice mass changes although the GOCE dataset is limited to only six months. We expect four years of GOCE gradient observations to be available by mid-2014. This will increase the accuracy and spatial resolution of the GOCE measurements, which may lead to an accuracy necessary for observing ice mass changes.
On The Errors-In-Variables Model With Singular Dispersion Matrices
Authors: Schaffrin B. , Snow K. , Neitzel F. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
While the Errors-In-Variables (EIV) Model has been treated as a special case of the nonlinear Gauss- Helmert Model (GHM) for more than a century, it was only in 1980 that Golub and Van Loan showed how the Total Least-Squares (TLS) solution can be obtained from a certain minimum eigenvalue problem, assuming a particular relationship between the diagonal dispersion matrices for the observations involved in both the data vector and the data matrix. More general, but always nonsingular, dispersion matrices to generate the “properly weighted” TLS solution were only recently introduced by Schaffrin and Wieser, Fang, and Mahboub, among others. Here, the case of singular dispersion matrices is investigated, and algorithms are presented under a rank condition that indicates the existence of a unique TLS solution, thereby adding a new method to the existing literature on TLS adjustment. In contrast to more general “measurement error models,” the restriction to the EIV-Model still allows the derivation of (nonlinear) closed formulas for the weighted TLS solution. The practicality will be evidenced by an example from geodetic science, namely the over-determined similarity transformation between different coordinate estimates for a set of identical points.
Symmetric Jacobians
Authors: Bondt Michiel 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis article is about polynomial maps with a certain symmetry and/or antisymmetry in their Jacobians, and whether the Jacobian Conjecture is satisfied for such maps, or whether it is sufficient to prove the Jacobian Conjecture for such maps. For instance, we show that it suffices to prove the Jacobian conjecture for polynomial maps x + H over ℂ such that satisfies all symmetries of the square, where H is homogeneous of arbitrary degree d ≥ 3.
Contribution à l'histoire de la sculpture des maisons romanes de Cluny
Authors: Stratford Neil 
Published: March 2014

Contribution à l'histoire de la sculpture des maisons romanes de Cluny, par Neil Stratford.

Même si l'on tient compte du fait qu'il est parfois difficile de savoir si des sculptures des collections du musée Ochier proviennent des maisons de la ville ou de l'abbaye, Cluny peut se glorifier de posséder de nombreuses sculptures romanes qui proviennent sans aucun doute d'un contexte séculier.
L'auteur examine deux questions : la première concerne la chronologie, la seconde l'iconographie. En comparant les sculptures civiles de Cluny à d'autres sculptures romanes (de l'abbaye de Cluny et d'édifices du Clunisois, de Chalonnais, du Beaujolais et du Brionnais) il propose pour la plupart des sculptures une datation autour des années 1120-1170. Il constate d'autre part qu'il ne semble rien y avoir de spécifiquement séculier ou vernaculaire parmi les thèmes choisis pour décorer les façades des maisons du XIIe siècle de Cluny ; toutes les scènes et les figures exotiques qui s'y rencontrent se trouvent également dans les églises. De même il n'existe aucun témoignage pour des programmes d'ensemble. Certaines scènes cependant peuvent avoir reflété la fonction de la maison qu'elles décoraient.
La maison romane dite « des vendanges » à Cluny
Authors: Garrigou Grandchamp Pierre , Maurice Chabard Brigitte , Salvèque Jean-Denis 
Published: March 2014

The Romanesque house « of the grape harvest » at Cluny, by Pierre Garrigou-Grandchamp, Brigitte Maurice-Chabard and Jean- Denis Salvèque.

The group of sculpted slabs known as the « frieze of the grape harvest » is among the most famous treasures of the Musée Ochier at Cluny. Their provenance and their function, however, have not been identified. Research in the historical sources indicates that the frieze cornes from a Romanesque house located at the corner of two streets that ran along the walls of the abbey of Cluny on the south and west, and proves that the blocks were not used as lintels. Furthermore, a number of colonnettes and lintels dispersed in the collection can also be attributed to the same edifice on the basis of ancient descriptions, and material (stone, patina, etc.) and stylistic characteristics.
Two façades have thus been reconstructed forming a right angle, each lit by an opening of six bays situated above the frieze. They constitute one of the key monuments of civil sculpture from twelfth-century Cluny. Richness of decoration and quality of execution distinguish this house, located on a corner at one of the principle crossroads of the town. The esthetic intention manifested here is a precocious witness to the use of perspectives in medieval urbanism.
Reliable Blood Pressure Self-measurement in the Obstetric Waiting Room
Authors: Kamper C. H. , Rasmussen N. H. , Ahrendt P. , Toftegaard T. S. , Bertelsen O. W. , Wagner S. 
Published: March 2014

SummaryBackground: Patients often fail to adhere to clinical recommendations when using current blood pressure self-measurement (BPSM) methods and equipment. As existing BPSM equipment is not able to detect non-adherent behavior, this could result in mis-diagnosis and treatment error. To overcome this problem, we suggest introducing an alternative method for achieving reliable BPSM by measuring additional context meta-data for validating patient adherence. To facilitate this, we have developed ValidAid, a context-aware system for determining patient adherence levels during BPSM.Objectives: The aim of this study was to validate this new reliable BPSM method based on ValidAid in the clinical setting. Specifically, we wanted to evaluate ValidAid’s ability to accurately detect and model patient adherence levels during BPSM in the clinic.Methods: The validation was done by asking 41 pregnant diabetic patients scheduled for self-measuring their blood pressure (BP) in the waiting room at an obstetrics department’s outpatient clinic to perform an additional BPSM using ValidAid. We then compared the automatically measured and classified values from ValidAid with our manual observations.Results: We found that a) the pregnant diabetics did not adhere to given instructions when performing BPSM in the waiting room, and that b) the ValidAid system was able to accurately classify patient adherence to the modeled recommendations.Conclusions: A new method for ensuring reliable BPSM based on the ValidAid system was validated. Results indicate that context-aware technology is useful for accurately modeling important aspects of non-adherent patient behavior. This may be used to identify patients in need of additional training, or to design better aids to actively assist the patients during measurements. ValidAid is also applicable to other self-measurement environments including the home setting and outpatient clinics in remote or underserved areas as it is built using telemedicine technology and thus well-suited for remote monitoring and diagnosis.
Free Locally Convex Spaces and thek-space Property
Authors: Gabriyelyan S. S. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractLetL(X)be the free locally convex space over a Tychonoff spaceX. ThenL(X)is ak-space if and only ifXis a countable discrete space. We prove also thatL(D)has uncountable tightness for every uncountable discrete spaceD.
Quantification of Hemodialysis Dose: What Kt/V to Choose?
Authors: Aatif Taoufiq , Hassani Kawtar , Alayoud Ahmed , Zajjari Yassir , Maoujoud Omar , Benyahia Mohamed , Oualim Zouhair 
Published: March 2014

Background Quantification of hemodialysis became more accurate and easier after the advent of ionic dialysance and the use of methods for estimating urea distribution volume (V). The aim of this study was to compare different methods of hemodialysis dose assessment: Kt/VDau (Daugirdas 2nd generation), Kt/VOCM (Kt by OCM (Online Clearance Monitor) and V by Watson), and Kt/VBCM (Kt by OCM and V by bio-impedance); and to assess the dialysis adequacy, defined by a Kt/V≥1.4. Design Prospective, observational study. Methods 35 hemodialysis sessions were evaluated in 35 chronic hemodialysis patients. During each session, we measured simultaneously, Kt/VOCM, Kt/VBCM and calculated Kt/VDau by performing blood samples before and after each session. Results 35 patients, gender (M/F: 19/16), mean age of 50.49 years, were evaluated. We noted a difference between the three methods of evaluating Kt/V index: Kt/VDau, Kt/VOCM and Kt/VBCM (1.82 ± 0.29; 1.45 ± 0.23; 1.8 ± 0.33, p<0.001). Comparison of Kt/VOCM with Kt/VDau and Kt/VBCM leads to a significant systematic underestimate of Kt/V by 22% and 20.5% respectively. Better agreement between Kt/VDau and Kt/VBCM was observed. The adequate hemodialysis was achieved, according to three methods: Kt/VDau, Kt/VOCM and Kt/VBCM respectively in 100%, 57,1% and 88.6% of the cases. Conclusions The Kt/V index is different depending on the method used for its evaluation. The three methods can be used for quantification of hemodialysis with a better agreement between Kt/VDau and Kt/VBCM. In this study, Kt/VOCM results underestimate hemodialysis efficiency. This difference has to be considered when applying quantification of hemodialysis to clinical practice.
Response of Angiopoietin-like Proteins 3 and 4 to Hemodialysis
Authors: Mahmood Dana , Makoveichuk Elena , Nilsson Solveig , Olivecrona Gunilla , Stegmayr Bernd 
Published: March 2014

Background/Aim Patients on chronic hemodialysis (cHD) have decreased activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL). Angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTL) 3 and 4 have been shown to inactivate LPL. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of the ANGPTLs in plasma of cHD-patients and to evaluate if cHD may alter these levels. Material and methods Baseline data were collected from cHD patients (n = 23), and controls (n = 23) and samples were analyzed from 17 patients during low-flux or high-flux HD, and from ultrafiltrate (n = 5). The levels of ANGPTL3 and 4, LPL and triglycerides were studied in a cross-over design on cHD with local citrate compared to tinzaparin as anticoagulant. Results The level of ANGPTL3 was higher than ANGPTL4 in patients and controls (p<0.01); the ANGPTL3 was 2.0 and ANGPTL4 was 3.3-fold higher in cHD versus controls. The levels of ANGPTL4 increased during cHD. After 180 min of HD the values had decreased again. When the dialysis was performed with high-flux filter, the mean level of ANGPTL4 at 180 min was below the value observed before cHD (p = 0.003). There was immunoreaction for ANGPTL4 in UFs when using high-flux, but not with low-flux, filter. ANGPTL3 was not detectable in UF. On cHD with citrate, no LPL activity was released into the blood Conclusions ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 were increased in HD patients. Anticoagulation with tinzaparin during cHD causes release of ANGPTL4 from tissues into blood. cHD using high-flux filters, to some extent, removed ANGPTL4. With citrate the levels of ANGPTL4 decreased.
Les revues et la littérature in flagrante : de Valery Larbaud à la littérature québécoise contemporaine
Authors: Lacroix Michel 
Published: March 2014

« J’avais souvent pensé que pour les futurs historiens de la littérature moderne, les revues seraient d’un grand profit et principalement les revues de jeunes écrivains, parce qu’on pouvait y suivre, de mois en mois, le cours de la “littérature qui se faisait” », écrivait Valery Larbaud au début du xxe siècle. Malgré le développement remarquable des travaux sur les revues, cette histoire n’a pas encore été écrite. Cependant l’idée m’est chère et c’est sous son aiguillon que je souhaite réfléchir à l’étude historique de la littérature contemporaine, en quittant les revues littéraires françaises des années 1900 à 1920 pour les revues littéraires québécoises des dix dernières années. Le saut d’une époque et d’un domaine littéraire à l’autre, loin d’être balayé sous le tapis, servira de point de départ à mon interrogation. Peut-on toujours souligner, comme Larbaud le faisait, « l’importance capitale des revues » dans la littérature qui se fait maintenant ? Les revues servent-elles toujours de rampe de lancement pour les oeuvres nouvelles, de catalyseur esthétique pour les regroupements d’écrivains, de lieu de confrontation entre les écritures d’une même époque, voire de vecteur de « contemporanéité » ? Ces questions sur l’historicité des revues suscitent, du même souffle, une interrogation sur les méthodes de l’histoire littéraire.
La famille martiniquaise à l’épreuve des migrations de retour : nouvelles pratiques de mobilité transatlantique et dynamiques transnationales
Authors: Lanthier Aude 
Published: March 2014

On assiste de nos jours à de nouvelles pratiques de mobilité entre l’Île-de-France et son département ultramarin, la Martinique, dont les migrations de retour font partie intégrante. Si circuler entre la métropole et l’archipel est aujourd’hui de l’ordre du quotidien, on constate pourtant une certaine irritation à l’égard des migrants de retour. En effet, une étude ethnographique a permis de révéler que ceux-ci témoignent de plusieurs obstacles à l’heure de réintégrer leur terre d’origine. Le présent article s’attardera plus spécifiquement aux bouleversements des rapports familiaux engendrés par les phénomènes de retour au pays natal et aux nouvelles dynamiques d’hypermobilité circulatoire entre la France et son ex-colonie, dynamiques qui confèrent à ces familles réparties de part et d’autre de l’Atlantique des allures de familles dites « transnationales ».
La procédure en matière d’intégrité de la personne, entre spécificité et transposition. Un enjeu de droits fondamentaux
Authors: Bernheim Emmanuelle 
Published: March 2014

À partir d’une recherche sur le terrain sur la garde en établissement et l’autorisation de soins, l’auteure se questionne sur le rôle spécifique de la procédure en matière d’intégrité de la personne. Alors qu’une lecture littérale des textes permet de conclure que ces dispositions ont un rôle de protection des droits, la pratique en la matière dénote une transposition des paradigmes conceptuels et interprétatifs propres à la procédure civile « classique », les réduisant à une fonction d’organisation judiciaire. Or, ici, l’application de la procédure est garante d’une décision cohérente et prévisible au regard du droit substantiel, et permet de corriger, du moins partiellement, le déséquilibre évident des parties au litige. C’est en ce sens que la procédure en matière d’intégrité de la personne peut contribuer à la réalisation du rôle de l’institution judiciaire au regard des inégalités sociales et juridiques.
Réponses suggérées aux questions soulevées par le renvoi à la Cour suprême du Canada concernant la réforme du Sénat
Authors: Pelletier Benoît 
Published: March 2014

Le 1er février 2013, le gouverneur général en conseil a soumis, sur recommandation du ministre de la Justice, un certain nombre de questions relatives à la réforme du Sénat pour avis de la Cour suprême du Canada. Dans ce texte, l’auteur nous fait part des réponses que, selon lui, la Cour devrait apporter aux questions qui lui sont posées dans ce nouveau renvoi. L’auteur en vient à la conclusion qu’aucun changement significatif à la durée du mandat des sénateurs, comme les modifications proposées par le gouvernement fédéral dans son renvoi, ne peut être accompli unilatéralement par le Parlement en vertu de l’article 44 de la Loi constitutionnelle de 1982. Du reste, il en vient à la même conclusion en ce qui touche à la tenue des « consultations populaires » concernant le choix des sénateurs, et ce, peu importe que ces dernières se déroulent sur la base d’élections fédérales, provinciales ou territoriales. Selon l’auteur, ces « consultations » ne peuvent pas davantage être tenues en vertu des pouvoirs législatifs réguliers du Parlement, ni être encadrées par une simple loi fédérale. L’auteur estime que le Parlement peut abroger unilatéralement le paragraphe 23(4) de la Loi constitutionnelle de 1867 en ce qui touche à la valeur des propriétés mobilières et immobilières des sénateurs, mais il invite la Cour suprême à ne pas se prononcer sur l’abrogation du paragraphe 23(3) de cette loi, faute de précisions sur les intentions fédérales. Puis, l’auteur estime que c’est bel et bien la procédure dite du 7/50, et non la règle de l’unanimité, qui permet l’abolition pure et simple du Sénat. Enfin, l’auteur examine la possible application de certains principes constitutionnels sous-jacents à la réforme du Sénat.
Cree Peoplehood, International Trade, and Diplomacy
Authors: Jobin Shalene 
Published: March 2014

Self-determination for Indigenous peoples in settler-colonial countries like Canada is an ongoing process where Indigenous peoples simultaneously focus externally to create expanded jurisdictional space while also re-establishing their own governing processes. Canadian economic progress has come at a cost to Indigenous peoples, undermining their collective rights to economic security and self-determination. In this article, I explore Cree peoplehood as a way to conceive Cree nationhood as distinct from conceptions of the nation-State. I rely significantly on archival sources to explore how the Cree were, and were also seen as, a self-determining people. After exploring the internal aspects of Cree peoplehood, I then examine the external relations of the Cree: focusing on inter-nation trade, trade networks, transportation, and a trade language as nations engage in trade and diplomacy, as one method to exercise their authority and jurisdiction. The final section investigates the diplomatic relations of the Plains Cree. This article is adding to the peoplehood literature by not only applying this concept to domestic relations but also examining foreign relations. It also adds to the writing on Cree self-determination by exploring how historic relationships and practices can inform current self-determination aspirations. This type of research can substantiate and provide historical analyses of Indigenous nationhood to further understand the context behind current economic and political self-determination movements.
Could you have said no? A mixed‐methods investigation of consent to HIV tests in four African countries
Authors: Obermeyer Carla Makhlouf , Verhulst Cairn , Asmar Khalil ,   for the MATCH study group
Published: March 2014

IntroductionAlthough most studies report high frequencies of consent to HIV tests, critics argue that clients are subject to pressure, that acceptors later indicate they could not have refused, and that provider‐initiated HIV testing raises serious ethical issues. We examine the meaning of consent and why clients think they could not have refused.MethodsClients in Burkina Faso, Kenya, Malawi and Uganda were asked about consenting to HIV tests, whether they thought they could have refused and why. Textual responses were analyzed using qualitative and statistical methods.ResultsAmong 926 respondents, 77% reported they could not have said no, but in fact, 60% actively consented to test, 24% had no objection and only 7% tested without consent. There were few significant associations between categories of consent and their covariates.ConclusionsRetrospectively asking clients if they could have refused to test for HIV overestimates coercion. Triangulating qualitative and quantitative data suggests a considerable degree of agency.