bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectives on the August 1924 Uprising in Georgia
Authors: Blauvelt Timothy , Akhobadze Ketevan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Three years after the forceful imposition of Soviet rule in Georgia, the Bolshevik leadership there, itself fractious and lacking a broad base of popular support, faced a large-scale armed uprising in August 1924. Making use of a range of recently available and underutilized primary sources from the period as well as the existing secondary literature, this article considers the 1924 uprising in Georgia from several different perspectives – of the Georgian Government-in-Exile in France, of the leadership of the Communist Party in Georgia, of the Georgian secret police, the Cheka, and of the central Bolshevik leadership in Moscow – in order to explore the likely causes and consequences of these events.
Empowerment of Fisherman Groups Through E-Commerce by Aruna Indonesia
Authors: Teta Riasih Teta Riasih , Sutiaputri Lina Favourita 
Published: August 2024

Empowerment is a way in which people, organizations, and communities gain control over their own lives, including for fishermen groups which consist of economic, social, and environmental empowerment which is the focus of this research. In Indonesia, the fisheries sector is a great opportunity for business people because it is one of the pillars of Indonesia's current economy. Aruna is a digital startup or startup that focuses on fisheries. The goal is to connect small fishermen throughout Indonesia directly to the market using technology assistance. This is a site for fishermen to be able to learn integrated fisheries management, find out about the latest fishery data and fishery online trading systems, apart from strengthening the economy, Aruna conducts social and environmental empowerment for improving the welfare of fishermen and their families.
The research approach used is a qualitative approach, which describes the empowerment of fishermen groups by Aruna by using the technique of focus group discussion, interviews, and discussions with experts and informants consisting of fishermen, mira, community leaders, local heroes, management, and Aruna's founders, totaling 32 people.
The results showed that overall the economic empowerment that has been carried out has been very good, but the social empowerment carried out by Aruna still has limitations, especially in the availability of human resources to empower the Nelyan community who require expertise as a local academic influencer, namely someone who has influence and can influence the audience to make a certain choice or action. People who have this ability are social workers who can become agents of change. So that in the future it is necessary to involve social workers to carry out social empowerment for fishing communities.
Keywords: Empowerment, Groups, Fisherman, e-commerce
SOCIAL SERVICES FOR THE ELDERLY IN THE ERA OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Tuwu Darmin 
Published: August 2024

This research is about social services for the elderly in the Covid-19 era. This qualitative research with a case study approach focuses on twenty elderly people who experience problems such as boredom, stress, lack of interaction, irritability, etc. Data collection techniques using observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Research data analysis was carried out from the beginning to the end of the study. The results of the study show that: First, as humans who are vulnerable to death and are at high risk of Covid-19 transmission, the elderly age group needs to carry out social intervention through the provision of social services in the fields of religion, physical health and skills. Social services in the religious field include ways of ablution, prayer, dhikr, reciting the Koran, praying, to becoming an imam in congregational prayers at the mosque. Social services in the health sector include washing hands with soap, maintaining distance, and using masks when interacting with other people. Meanwhile, social services in the field of providing skills include skills in farming, gardening, animal husbandry, lulo dance, woven mats, etc. Second, in providing social services to the elderly, social workers do not only focus on the problems and shortcomings of the elderly, but also focus on the potential, strengths, and abilities of the elderly. Finally, to realize the social welfare of the elderly age group, the involvement of all stakeholders is very necessary, not only the government but also non-government, the business world, and society as a whole.
Indonesian Journal Of Social Work Volume 6 Number 2 February 2023
Authors: Yulianti Suyono Sinta , Ismudiyati Yuti Sri , Rahayuningsih Eni 
Published: August 2024

Abstrak

Bagi pengguna NAPZA, kembali menjadi orang “normal” merupakan suatu perjuangan berat. Terdapat situasi beresiko Tinggi (High Risk Situation) yang dapat menyebabkan proses pemulihan (abstinence) pengguna NAPZA untuk tidak menggunakan kembali (Relapse). Kemampuan dalam menghadapi berbagai situasi atau kejadian yang sulit baik bersifat tuntutan secara pribadi (internal) maupun tuntutan masyarakat (external) dapat menimbulkan tekanan pada diri seseorang. Tetapi suatu kejadian akan menimbulkan tekanan atau tidak, tergantung bagaimana individu tersebut mengatasinya yang disebut dengan istilah coping.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Coping Strategi KPN Perempuan Dalam Menghadapi High Risk Situation Pada IPWL di Jawa Barat dan merancang program untuk meningkatkan kemampuan Coping KPN Perempuan.

Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Deskriptif.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KPN perempuan dalam menghadapi situasi yang berhubungan dengan perasaan yang dihadapi baik emosi negative maupun positif mereka cenderung melakukan Coping Strategi : Emosional Focus Coping (EFC), dimana mereka mengikuti apa yang sedang dirasakan. Bila emosi negativ yang sedang dirasakan mereka akan larut dengan perasaan tersebut yang memungkinkan mereka akan melakukan hal-hal yang dapat memicu terjadinya relapse atau dapat menghambat proses rehabilitasi yang sedang dilakukan. Begitupula bila menghadapi situasi emosi positif mereka juga cenderung untuk menikmati kegembiraan yang dirasakan sehingga perilakunya kurang terkontrol.

Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka perlu kiranya para pekerja sosial dan konselor adiksi di IPWL untuk memberikan perhatian pendampingan kepada KPN pada saat mereka menghadapi situasi yang berhubungan dengan aspek emosi. Sehingga KPN perempuan dapat memilih strategi coping yang efektif dan tujuan rehabilitasi dapat dicapai.

Kata Kunci: Coping Strategi, Korban Penyalahgunaan Napza (KPN) Perempuan, High Risk Situation, IPWL .
PENGARUH PENGEMBANGAN TEKNIK MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING DENGAN ASSERTIVE TRAINING TERHADAP PERILAKU ASERTIF KLIEN DI YAYASAN SEKAR MAWAR
Authors: Wahyuningtyas Sheally , Aritonang Nelson 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Assertive Training and the Motivational Interviewing Technique have been combined to form the Motivational Interviewing Assertive Technique. The principal aim of this research was to assess the impact of implementing the Motivational Interviewing Assertive (MI-a) technique on substance abuse victims exhibiting less assertive behavior, as well as to evaluate the efficacy of this intervention in promoting more assertive conduct. Assertive behavior refers to conduct that empowers an individual to freely exercise personal autonomy, defend oneself without experiencing unease, candidly and comfortably express emotions, or exercise rights without infringing upon the rights of others. The target behavior of research subjects undergoes modifications when it comes to communicating honestly, exhibiting challenges in expressing emotions, or refusing. The methodology employed in this study is single subject design (SSD). A-B-A is the research paradigm that is implemented; it consists of the following three phases: Phase A1 (baseline), Phase B (intervention), and Phase A2 (post-intervention). The behavioral observation recording sheet and the Assertive Behavior questionnaire were the instruments utilized. Among the methods of data collection are documentation studies, interviews, questionnaires, and observation. Then, it was further supported by the results of the questionnaire measurements, which indicated a substantial increase in score. Based on the results of the A1 baseline phase assessment, both subjects exhibited scores indicative of less assertive behavior. The scores for the two subjects in baseline phase A2, which occurred after the intervention, indicated that they exhibited a moderate degree of assertive behavior. The findings of this research demonstrate that the implementation of Motivational Interview Techniques and Assertive Training at the Sekar Mawar Foundation effectively enhances the assertive behavior of its clients.

Keywords:
Resident, Social Rehabilitation, Motivational Interview, Assertive Training
Metabolic profiling of atypical meningioma and recurrent meningioma: a comparative analysis with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Kuninaka Tomomi , Kisyaba Kazutaka , Kobayashi Shigetaka , Nagamine Hideki , Hokama Yohei , Sugawara Kenichi , Nishimura Masahiko , Ishiuchi Shogo 
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE
Meningiomas are predominantly benign, but some cases exhibit recurrent growth after surgery and undergo malignant transformation to WHO grade 2 or grade 3. Despite progress in genetic analyses, advancements in metabolomic analysis remain less established. Herein, the authors investigated metabolic activity differences between WHO grade 1 meningiomas and WHO grade 2 or 3 meningiomas by noninvasively using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), aiming to preoperatively estimate malignancy. They also reviewed the literature to elucidate this aspect of meningioma research.

METHODS
At Ryukyu University Hospital, the authors focused on 93 patients diagnosed with meningioma between 2011 and 2021. The inclusion criteria encompassed prior surgery, pathological diagnoses of meningioma, and preoperative 1H-MRS. Group I included 71 patients with WHO grade 1 meningioma and group II included 22 patients, comprising 19 and 3 with WHO grade 2 and 3 meningioma, respectively. The authors retrospectively conducted a comparative analysis of patient backgrounds and tumor metabolites.

RESULTS
Group I and II did not differ significantly in terms of patient demographic characteristics (age and sex). Group II demonstrated a significantly lower extent of tumor resection (p < 0.01), higher MIB-1 labeling index (LI) (p < 0.05), higher incidence of prior irradiation (p < 0.001), and increased rate of tumor recurrence (p = 0.005) compared to group I. According to 1H-MRS, all metabolites, except lactate, displayed significantly higher median creatine (Cr) ratios in group II than group I: glutamine/Cr was 8.46, glutamate/Cr was 9.49, lipid/Cr was 11.36, and choline/Cr was 2.77. According to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, glutamine had the largest area under the curve of 0.765 among 10 metabolites, and the cutoff value for distinguishing between group I and II was 5.76.

CONCLUSIONS
In cases pathologically graded as WHO grade 2 or 3 meningiomas, metabolic products such as glutamine, glutamate, lipids, and choline increased significantly. These changes were correlated with elevation of the MIB-1 LI. In group II, the mean MIB-1 LI was 8.58, significantly higher than in group I, suggesting a strong association with pathological malignancy. Therefore, 1H-MRS may help to noninvasively predict tumor metabolic activity and tumor recurrence. Furthermore, the authors concluded from the ROC analysis that glutamine may be a potential indicator of future growth of meningioma and benefits of early surgery.
Patient height and American Society of Anesthesiologists class as significant risk factors for posterior fossa surgery in the semisitting position
Authors: Khalaveh Farjad , Yildirim Mehmet-Salih , Niederle Martin , Herta Johannes , Matula Christian , Dorfer Christian , Rössler Karl 
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE
To optimize surgical positioning for posterior fossa surgery (PFS) using the semisitting position (SSP) to avoid venous air embolism (VAE) and its possible life-threatening consequences, the authors evaluated their experiences with the SSP by analyzing a large cohort of PFS patients.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis of the charts of 202 consecutive PFS patients (median age 54 years, IQR 41–61 years; 121 females) with various tumor or vascular conditions who underwent surgery in an SSP between 2019 and 2022 was performed. Age, sex, weight, height, BMI, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class, histology, duration of surgery, and length of hospital stay were assessed. Transesophageal echocardiography was used pre- and intraoperatively to monitor for and assess the degree of VAE.

RESULTS
Altogether, VAE occurred in 30 of 202 (14.9%) patients, with clinically relevant VAE occurring in 14 of 202 (7%) patients. The grades of VAE were I, III, and IV in 16 (8%), 4 (2%), and 10 (5%) patients, respectively. Patient height (p = 0.04), ASA class (p = 0.03), and ASA class ≤ II (p = 0.02) remained the only preoperative statistically significant risk factors for intraoperative VAE, with a median height of 178 cm (IQR 172–184 cm) in patients with clinically relevant VAE compared with 170 cm (IQR 164–176 cm) in those without VAE.

CONCLUSIONS
In summary, the data demonstrate that SSP can be used safely for PFS when taking special care to optimize positioning in tall and lower-grade ASA patients intraoperatively.
Timing, type, and impact of thromboembolic events caused by flow diversion: a 10-year experience
Authors: Ramirez-Velandia Felipe , Filo Jean , Enriquez-Marulanda Alejandro , Fodor Thomas B. , Sconzo Daniel , Young Michael , Muram Sandeep , Granstein Justin H. , Shutran Max , Taussky Philipp , Ogilvy Christopher S. 
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE
Thromboembolic (TE) events are among the most feared complications after flow diversion (FD) and have been reported to occur even with adequate dual antiplatelet therapy. Herein, the authors characterize thrombotic and embolic events that developed after FD, focusing on the morbidity of each of these events and the predisposing factors associated with their development.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis of aneurysms treated with FD at a single institution in the US between 2013 and 2023 was performed. The authors documented the emergence of intraprocedural and postoperative TE events. A survival analysis and a Cox regression model was conducted to identify predictors associated with these events.

RESULTS
The authors included 651 procedures performed in 591 patients to treat 746 aneurysms. TE events occurred in 38 of the procedures performed (5.8%), causing permanent deficit in 20 patients and death in 4 patients. Eleven cases presented with acute stent thrombosis, 11 with large-vessel occlusion, and 9 with perforator strokes. At a median follow-up of 9.5 months, 73.0% of patients with an ischemic event had a modified Rankin Scale score ≤ 2. Three of the deaths were secondary to occlusion at the basilar trunk and vertebral artery. In patients with TE events in the anterior circulation, 7 of 11 patients with middle cerebral artery occlusion and 9 of 12 patients with internal carotid artery occlusion achieved independence. Time-to-event Cox regression analysis demonstrated that TE events were more frequent in patients exhibiting aspirin resistance (hazard ratio 2.66; 95% CI 1.10–6.70).

CONCLUSIONS
TE events after FD result from multiple factors, including age, aneurysm characteristics, aneurysm location, antiplatelet resistance, and procedural factors. In our cohort, we found the highest morbidity for patients with TE events presenting with large-vessel occlusion at the middle cerebral artery, and vertebrobasilar system.
Hounsfield units of vertebrae as a predictor of cervical deep paraspinal muscles atrophy and neck pain in degenerative cervical myelopathy
Authors: Li Jia , Liu Jianning , Yang Ranxu , Shen Yong , Wang Linfeng 
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE
This study investigated the correlation between Hounsfield units (HU) of the cervical vertebrae and atrophy of the cervical deep paraspinal muscles, namely the multifidus and semispinalis cervicis (SCer), in patients diagnosed with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM).

METHODS
The authors retrospectively analyzed data from 136 patients aged 50–79 years (81 males and 55 females) who underwent surgical intervention for DCM. HU measurements of the cancellous bone in the C4 vertebra were acquired through standardized techniques. The authors evaluated fatty infiltration (FI); analyzed functional and vertebral cross-sectional area (CSA) of the multifidus and SCer at the C4–5, C5–6, and C6–7 levels; and analyzed the presence of Modic changes (MCs) and the incidence of axial neck pain.

RESULTS
Patients were categorized into group A (n = 56) with mean ± SD HU of 293.3 ± 15.6 and group B (n = 80) with mean ± SD HU of 389.5 ± 10.6. Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in postoperative clinical outcomes (p < 0.05); however, no statistically significant difference was observed (p > 0.05). Significant disparities in HU measurements and visual analog scale (VAS) scores for neck pain were observed between the groups (p < 0.05). The highest VAS score correlated with MCs-1 type (i.e., low signal on T1-weighted images and high signal on T2-weighted images). The functional CSA to vertebral CSA ratios of the multifidus and SCer in group A were markedly reduced compared to those of group B (p < 0.05). No significant difference was noted in functional CSA asymmetry between the groups for both muscles (p > 0.05). Lower HU measurements directly correlated with increased FI in the multifidus (p = 0.002) and SCer (p = 0.035). Furthermore, a strong positive association was found between the functional CSA to vertebral CSA ratio of the multifidus and HU values (p = 0.003), whereas HU measurements and VAS scores exhibited a negative correlation (p = 0.020).

CONCLUSIONS
Among those patients older than 50 years with DCM, those with decreased HU values demonstrated elevated FI levels in the multifidus and SCer muscles. Moreover, these patients presented with pronounced muscle atrophy, which correlated with axial neck pain. A significant relationship was also identified between MCs and diminished HU values.
Cost-effectiveness of posterior lumbar interbody fusion and/or transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for grade 1 lumbar spondylolisthesis: a 5-year Quality Outcomes Database study
Authors: Yee Timothy J. , Liles Campbell , Johnson Sarah E. , Ambati Vardhaan S. , DiGiorgio Anthony M. , Alan Nima , Coric Domagoj , Potts Eric A. , Bisson Erica F. , Knightly John J. , Fu Kai-Ming G. , Foley Kevin T. , Shaffrey Mark E. , Bydon Mohamad , Chou Dean , Chan Andrew K. , Meyer Scott , Asher Anthony L. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Slotkin Jonathan R. , Wang Michael Y. , Haid Regis W. , Glassman Steven D. , Virk Michael S. , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Park Paul 
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE
Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and/or transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF), referred to as "PLIF/TLIF," is a commonly performed operation for lumbar spondylolisthesis. Its long-term cost-effectiveness has not been well described. The aim of this study was to determine the 5-year cost-effectiveness of PLIF/TLIF for grade 1 degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis using prospective data collected from the multicenter Quality Outcomes Database (QOD).

METHODS
Patients enrolled in the prospective, multicenter QOD grade 1 lumbar spondylolisthesis module were included if they underwent single-stage PLIF/TLIF. EQ-5D scores at baseline, 3 months, 12 months, 24 months, 36 months, and 60 months were used to calculate gains in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) associated with surgery relative to preoperative baseline. Healthcare-related costs associated with the index surgery and related reoperations were calculated using Medicare reimbursement–based cost estimates and validated using price transparency diagnosis-related group (DRG) charges and Medicare charge-to-cost ratios (CCRs). Cost per QALY gained over 60 months postoperatively was assessed.

RESULTS
Across 12 surgical centers, 385 patients were identified. The mean patient age was 60.2 (95% CI 59.1–61.3) years, and 38% of patients were male. The reoperation rate was 5.7%. DRG 460 cost estimates were stable between our Medicare reimbursement–based models and the CCR-based model, validating the focus on Medicare reimbursement. Across the entire cohort, the mean QALY gain at 60 months postoperatively was 1.07 (95% CI 0.97–1.18), and the mean cost of PLIF/TLIF was $31,634. PLIF/TLIF was associated with a mean 60-month cost per QALY gained of $29,511. Among patients who did not undergo reoperation (n = 363), the mean 60-month QALY gain was 1.10 (95% CI 0.99–1.20), and cost per QALY gained was $27,591. Among those who underwent reoperation (n = 22), the mean 60-month QALY gain was 0.68 (95% CI 0.21–1.15), and the cost per QALY gained was $80,580.

CONCLUSIONS
PLIF/TLIF for degenerative grade 1 lumbar spondylolisthesis was associated with a mean 60-month cost per QALY gained of $29,511 with Medicare fees. This is far below the well-established societal willingness-to-pay threshold of $100,000, suggesting long-term cost-effectiveness. PLIF/TLIF remains cost-effective for patients who undergo reoperation.
Ten-year statewide cross-sectional review of pediatric sinogenic intracranial abscess and empyema in Queensland, Australia: microbial profile before and after COVID-19
Authors: Stuart Michael J. , Harbison Annabelle M. , Ma Norman , Campbell Robert A. J. , Jardim Amelia J. , Anderson David S. , Withers Teresa K. , Coulthard Liam G. 
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE
Sinogenic intracranial infections in children, such as subdural empyema or intracranial abscess, are a rare disease process with significant associated morbidity. Recent literature has suggested that there may have been an increase in frequency of these infections following the COVID-19 pandemic, but the literature has been conflicting, perhaps related to the heterogenous management of COVID-19 lockdowns in various states and differences in data capture between methods. The collection of statewide Australian data overcomes these limitations by capturing a comprehensive sample though the public healthcare system of patients who were subject to a homogeneous statewide approach to public health policy during the COVID-19 pandemic (population 5.6 million, including 1.3 million children). The objective of this study was to present population-level data to address the question of whether the incidence of intracranial infections changed in pediatric patients before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS
The authors present a retrospective 10-year statewide description of sinogenic intracranial infections in Queensland, Australia. A comparison was made between the incidence and microbiological profile before and after the onset of COVID-19 lockdowns on March 22, 2020.

RESULTS
Forty-four pediatric intracranial infections undergoing neurosurgical intervention were identified within the review period. After exclusion of postsurgical and cardioembolic causes, 33 sinogenic intracranial infections were included (16 before and 17 after 2020, with a mean annualized incidence of 0.25 vs 0.37 cases per 100,000 children, respectively; p > 0.05). The most frequent organisms identified were Streptococcus milleri (n = 19), polymicrobial (n = 4), and S. aureus (n = 3). No significant differences in antimicrobial profile, susceptibility, parenchymal involvement, or clinical outcome were identified between the pre– and post–COVID-19 groups.

CONCLUSIONS
No statistically significant differences in the epidemiology of pediatric intracranial infection have occurred in the state of Queensland, Australia, before and after March 22, 2020, and the COVID-19 pandemic.