bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERITONITIS IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS
Authors: Chaitin Horace , Wienick Leopold 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe diagnosis and management of peritonitis are becoming more and more important because of the great increase in our geriatric population. The mortality rate is particularly high among the aged. A series of 600 cases during a three‐year period is reported. The differential diagnosis involves numerous other diseases which may predominate in various age groups. It is essential to establish the cause of the peritonitis since the type of therapy depends upon the correct diagnosis. In cases of appendicitis, gall‐bladder disease, perforated peptic ulcer and mesenteric thrombosis, immediate operation is the treatment of choice. Conservative therapy gives the best results in pancreatitis or diverticulitis.
RECENT ADVANCES IN NEUROSURGICAL TREATMENT FOR THE ELDERLY*
Authors: Stellar Stanley , Cooper Irving S. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe future looks bright for continued advances, not only in neurosurgery but in general surgery and its subspecialties, in the light of recent new techniques involving cryosurgery and the laser. This progress has particular application to the diseases common to middle‐aged and elderly persons. The authors' studies are outlined. There are good prospects for the better treatment of neoplasms (pending discovery of how to prevent them), and also the extension of the knowledge attained to other knotty therapeutic problems. In addition, there are the advantages of new drug treatment such as l‐dopa for Parkinson's disease, or perhaps hyperbaric oxygenation for certain brain disorders.
SERUM FOLATE AND VITAMIN‐B12 LEVELS IN THE ELDERLY
Authors: MEINDOK H. , DVORSKY R. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract:The serum levels of folic acid and vitamin B12 were estimated in 3 groups of subjects: Group 1 consisted of 59 elderly patients screened from 152 consecutive hospital admissions from homes for the aged and from a geriatric center; Group 2 consisted of 51 geriatric patients admitted to the hospital from their own homes; and Group 3 (controls) consisted of 100 younger healthy subjects who were not in the hospital. Medication with drugs known to interfere with the biologic assay of these vitamins was the chief reason for eliminating all but 59 of the 152 patients tested originally for Group 1.Very low levels of serum folate (less than 3 mμg/ml) were found in 24 per cent of the Group 1 geriatric patients, in 7.8 per cent of the Group 2 geriatric patients, and 5 per cent of the younger controls. Two of the geriatric patients had anemia due to folate deficiency and responded to oral administration of folic acid. The high incidence of unusually low serum folate levels was attributed to widespread folic‐acid deficiency resulting from poor nutritional intake and related to organic disease, especially neurologic disability; apparently it bore no relationship to the chronologic age of the patients. The significantly higher level of serum vitamin B12 found in the geriatric group possibly was due to the increasing use of vitamin B12 (orally or parenterally) in the treatment of elderly patients during the last fourteen years.
PLASMA PROTEIN ELECTROPHORETIC PATTERN AND BLOOD VISCOSITY IN ARTERIOSCLEROTIC HEART DISEASE
Authors: MRAZEK SVATOPLUK A. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract: During a three‐year follow‐up period a comparison was made of the plasma protein electrophoretic pattern and plasma and whole blood viscosity in 56 long‐term geriatric patients with arteriosclerotic heart disease (ASHD) and 20 “control” patients admitted after a recent attack of acute myocardial infarction (M. I.). The electrophoretic protein patterns were similar in both groups, with an increase in the height of the fibrogen peak and a decrease in the beta lipoprotein fraction. Whole blood viscosity usually was normal in the ASHD cases. In the cases of recent M. I., whole blood viscosity was normal or decreased in the patients treated with anticoagulants, and normal or increased in those who received no anticoagulant therapy.The electrophoretic data support the hypothesis of a lowered reserve of cholesterol‐binding protein in ASHD, resulting in cholesterol lability and an increased tendency toward deposition. Increased viscosity of the blood can contribute to mechanical failure of the heart, especially if damaged by M. I.The apparent increased incidence of ASHD in geriatric patients in this era of improved health care and updated diagnostic procedures is due to multiple factors which may not necessarily be present in each case. Some of these factors are discussed in relation to the data presented.
SUSTAINED‐RELEASE TRANQUILIZER THERAPY IN HOSPITALIZED GERIATRIC PATIENTS
Authors: CHESROW EUGENE J. , KAPLITZ SHERMAN E. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract: Thirty hospitalized male geriatric patients with a variety of organic disorders causing moderate to severe anxiety‐tension states were treated with a sustained‐release form of meprobamate in a three‐week, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind study. Meprobamate in this form (800 mg per day in two doses) was significantly superior (clinically and statistically) to placebo for all factors tested—chiefly anxiety, tension, and insomnia—and the overall response. There were no significant side effects. Early in the study 10 patients (at the end of the study uncoded as 7 in the placebo group and 3 in the drug group) complained of lack of symptom relief, so the medication was changed to labelled sustained‐release meprobamate (Meprospan) without breaking the code. Marked improvement then occurred in 4 of this group.The important reduction in frequency of administration and the prolonged effectiveness of the drug were also great advantages in giving the hospital staff members more time for intensive care of the patients.
THE FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF ELDERLY PEOPLE
Authors: Lawton M. Powell 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe author discusses various techniques for assessing the functioning of elderly people in the areas of physical health, physical self‐care, instrumental activities of daily living, mental and psychiatric status, social roles and activities, attitudes, morale, and life satisfaction. Though these tests of geriatric function are not yet perfected, the practitioner will find them a valuable aid in diagnosis, and thus in the selection of proper treatment for his aged patients.
PREDICTIVE MEDICINE. IV. THE GRADATION CONCEPT
Authors: Cheraskin E. , Ringsdorf W. M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn the traditional philosophy of medicine, a diagnosis usually is made only when a set number and constellation of signs and symptoms prevail. Hence, when there is a long and tortuous incubation period, clinically and biochemically, the disease may remain either undiagnosed or labelled as an ill‐defined psychologic syndrome. Sensitivity to clinical and biochemical changes is an integral part of predictive medicine.
PULVINECTOMY: A PRELIMINARY REPORT*
Authors: Cooper I. S. , Waltz J. M. , Amin I. , Fujita S. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBased on the results of cryopulvinectomy in 6 totally incapacitated patients with advanced neurologic disease, it would seem that the pulvinar (a thalamic nucleus of which the function was formerly unknown) contributes to motor control, muscle length, and posture.
MECHANISM AND MANAGEMENT OF ANEMIA IN MALIGNANT DISEASE*
Authors: Korbitz Bernard C. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe more common causes of anemia in malignant disease are discussed. Of 78 patients requiring transfusions on the Oncology Service of the University of Wisconsin Medical Center during the period December 1968–May 1969, records were available on 65. Gross blood loss was the most common cause of the anemia (44 cases); next was suppression of the bone marrow by chemotherapy (27 cases) or radiation therapy (8 cases); tumor spread to bone marrow (18 cases); infection (15 cases); uremia (5 cases); and poor nutrition (5 cases). Directions are given for evaluation of the patient.The search for the cause of the anemia should be intensive, for only in this way can the proper diagnosis be made and the appropriate treatment recommended.
COMPENSATION ILLNESS AS A RETIREMENT CHANNEL
Authors: Brodsky Carroll M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis report concerns three categories of employees who are retired from work early because of a disability for which they can claim compensation: 1) the “worn out” worker with no special plans, 2) the man who has a hobby which he intends to pursue actively, and 3) the man who wants to engage in a different occupation after retirement. Extensive tests reveal no physical basis for the disability and treatment does not alter its course. Both patient and physician are involved in the transition from occupational function to subjective non‐function. Unless the situation is recognized, rehabilitation workers and vocational counselors are led to futile activity.Most of these patients are happy in retirement. However, the fulfillment of their desires is very costly to society in time, money and frustration. It would seem to make social and economic sense to retrain certain motivated persons into new occupations before they become disabled in this manner. This applies particularly to persons in occupations that require great physical stamina and agility—occupations in which the workers wear out early.
GYNECOLOGICAL SURVEY OF HOSPITALIZED ELDERLY WOMEN
Authors: Glik I. , Soferman N. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA survey of 235 elderly women (age range, 60–80+) admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of a Municipal Governmental Hospital in Tel Aviv, Israel, revealed the following reasons for admission: postmenopausal bleeding in 117 women (50 per cent), genital prolapse in 78 women (33 per cent), and genital tumors in 40 women (17 per cent).In 48 cases, curettage and biopsy showed that bleeding was due to local proliferative changes (polyps) or diffuse changes (polyposis and hyperplasia); in 46 cases bleeding was due to atrophic degenerative changes; and in 15 cases of carcinoma of the endometrium, it was related to estrogenic stimulation. In the majority of these cases, bleeding appeared between eleven and twenty years after the menopause.Among the benign genital tumors, there were 4 cases of fibroid uterus, and 12 cases of ovarian tumor (5 functional cystic, 5 proliferative cystic, 1 endocrine thecoma type, and 1 fibroma). Three cases of malignant tumor of the ovary were all of the cystadenocarcinoma type. The patients with benign or malignant ovarian tumors complained of acute or chronic abdominal pain and postmenopausal bleeding. The other malignant tumors were: carcinoma of the cervix (3 cases), carcinoma of the vulva (2 cases), and carcinoma of the salpinx (1 case).Genital prolapse was the second leading cause of surgical intervention. In most cases the patient's age was no contraindication for surgery, and the postoperative course was no different than in younger women, when appropriate precautions were taken.
MEDICAL CARE IN THE EXTENDED CARE FACILITY*
Authors: MILLER MICHAEL B. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract:Seven case reports are used to illustrate various aspects of quality care for the ill aged in an extended care facility or a nursing home. The majority of these patients require maximal nursing care for activities of daily living. Quality medical care implies the physician's capacity to design a therapeutic program involving the coordinated efforts of a total rehabilitation approach on the part of the available multidisciplinary professional team. If the concept of custodial care were made obsolete and only skilled care provided for all patients, quality medical care would ensue.
PEYRONIE'S DISEASE
Authors: Feder Bernard H. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractPeyronie's disease, a penile deformity of the mature male, is distressing but not necessarily permanent. The initial inflammatory infiltrate does not always progress to irreversible fibrosis. Although spontaneous resolution sometimes occurs, resolution can be hastened and rendered more likely by anti‐inflammatory measures such as cortisone and small‐dose irradiation. Pain may have some significance. The deformity on erection tends to persist when treatment is delayed until pain has developed. The pain itself will often disappear. Fifty‐six patients were given small‐dose irradiation. Forty‐six determinate cases were available for definitive evaluation. Deformity persisted in only 4 of 10 (40 per cent) who were treated before pain had developed. Of the 36 who were treated after the development of pain, the deformity persisted in 24 (67 per cent). The pain failed to respond in only 7 of the 36 (19 per cent). Objective evaluation is difficult. Aggressive intervention may do more harm than good. Properly administered, small‐dose irradiation is an innocuous form of treatment which may prove helpful.
SODIUM BUTABARBITAL (BUTISOL SODIUM) AS AN HYPNOTIC AGENT FOR AGED PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS WITH SLEEP DISORDERS*
Authors: Stotsky B. A. , Cole Jonathan O. , Tang Yun Teh , Gahm Irvin G. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn a triple‐blind, crossover, fixed‐dosage study, sodium butabarbital (Butisol Sodium) was tested as an aid to sleep for 53 hospitalized aged psychiatric patients with sleep disorders. After one week of placebo therapy to detect “placebo reactors,” the additional three‐week schedule (oral administration) consisted of the following sequences: (a) placebo, Butisol 50 mg, Butisol 100 mg; (b) Butisol 50 mg, Butisol 100 mg, placebo; (c) Butisol 100 mg, placebo, Butisol 50 mg. Observations were made at the first two half hours after administration of medication at 8 p.m. and hourly thereafter until 6 a.m., for onset of sleep, duration of sleep, number of times awake, duration of waking period, quality of sleep, and mental state on awakening. Three tests were used for evaluating the patients: CGI, NOSIE and TES.Sodium butabarbital (Butisol Sodium) in moderate dosage (50 mg) was an effective hypnotic agent for the majority of the patients and also appeared to be conducive to behavioral improvement in the daytime as reported by both nurses and psychiatrists. There was no advantage to using the 100‐mg dosage as an hypnotic, and some disadvantage with respect to daytime behavior. Patients slept better and longer during the drug periods than during the placebo periods. There were no more side effects during the drug periods than during the placebo periods, nor were more detrimental effects evident upon awakening. Clearly sodium butabarbital is useful as an hypnotic for aged psychiatric patients.
SENESCENCE: IDENTICAL RATES OF WATER LOSS IN VARIOUS SPECIES*
Authors: Calloway N. O. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWater is lost constantly from animals throughout life, and the rate of loss is the same for all species. Thus the body of any animal at 2 years after conception shows the same percentage of water as the body of any other animal at 2 years after conception. When the rate of loss is graphed from empiric data, the following equation can be derived: W = W1A–k, where W is the percentage of water at any time, W1 is the percentage of water at unit time, A is age, and −k is a rate‐constant. The behavior of body water content with time in animals is described by the constant, —0.043. It is, therefore, an important rate‐constant in aging.
INSTITUTIONS FOR THE AGED—THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITIES?*
Authors: Grauer H. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCertain modifications in technique and a restriction of therapeutic aims are necessary when the concept of milieu therapy is applied in geriatric settings. The main task is to help the aged residents accept dependency on others with a minimum of fear, anger and antisocial behaviour. In this way, undue depression, paranoia, and marked regression are prevented. The environment (milieu) should be one in which each patient functions at his own optimal level with some degree of choice and self‐determination. If approached in this manner, the “therapeutic community” can be a useful treatment modality in geriatric settings.
A CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF MILIEU THERAPY IN A GERIATRIC DAY HOSPITAL*
Authors: Goldstein S. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe author outlines his experiences with milieu therapy in the establishment of a therapeutic community in a geriatric day hospital. Both the benefits and the difficulties are discussed. The findings eventually led to an “agonizing re‐appraisal” of methods, in order to avoid filling the day hospital with chronically ill and excessively dependent (but complaining) patients rather than with those who have acute disorders and need more immediate rehabilitation. Despite setbacks, the effort to create an optimal therapeutic milieu seems well worth while.
MOTOR MANIFESTATIONS IN MOLIMINA CRURUM NOCTURNA (INCLUDING “RESTLESS LEGS”)
Authors: Brenning Runar 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe author discusses the various motor manifestations of molimina crurum nocturna (MCN), with particular reference to nocturnal leg cramps and “restless legs.” He gives reasons why most nocturnal leg cramps can be classified as a symptom of MCN from a pathogenetic point of view, even if central‐nervous‐system impulses and preparation for muscular contraction are involved. Data are presented to show the efficacy of an enantaldehyde‐furaldehyde combination, among other drugs.
ADJUSTMENT OF PATIENTS AFTER HIP SURGERY*
Authors: Kupfer David J. , Detre Thomas P. , Swigar Mary E. , Southwick Wayne O. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe relationship between intellectual functioning and postoperative adaptation was investigated in 25 geriatric patients who required surgery for hip fracture. One year after operation, two groups were formed on the basis of responses to a structured interview questionnaire. The two groups were: A) 10 well‐adjusted patients, and B) 10 poorly‐adjusted patients. The poorly‐adjusted patients with decreased general and psychosocial functioning showed impairments with respect to remote memory, simple calculation, and abstract thinking. They also had more cardiovascular disease in comparison to the well‐adjusted group.Three alternative interpretations of the data are discussed: 1) the impairment in intellectual and social functioning in group B may have represented postoperative deterioration and thus caused the poor adjustment; 2) subtle signs of intellectual impairment may have escaped detection before surgery in group B; and 3) the baseline intellectual functioning of group A may have been higher preoperatively and consequently the better adjustment may have reflected the same trend post‐operatively.An interview form (KDS™—10) is presented which can facilitate testing both before surgery and at various intervals during the follow‐up period.
COMMUNICATIVE NEEDS OF THE GERIATRIC POPULATION
Authors: Weiss Curtis E. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSome of the communicative needs of geriatric patients are discussed. Perhaps the best way to demonstrate the importance of communication among the geriatric population is to place ourselves in that eventual situation. How shall we spend our later years? How satisfying will those years be if they are marred by difficulty in communication? By conducting scientific research and by providing remedial speech, language and hearing therapy for the aged, the answers to these questions might prove to be less traumatizing. By beginning now to work with our elderly citizens, speech clinicians can add “life” to the lives of the aged, and just possibly to their own lives.
ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS: CASE REPORT
Authors: Margolis Jack , Arganaras Eduardo , Margolis Robert 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA case is presented of amebiasis associated with chronic glomerulonephritis in an elderly man. At autopsy, trophozoites (Entamoeba histolytica) were found in the kidneys, bladder, prostrate, colon and lungs. Whether the association of amebiasis and chronic glomerulonephritis was a cause‐and‐effect relationship or simply a fortuitous occurrence could not be determined.
AN ERGOT PREPARATION (HYDERGINE) IN THE TREATMENT OF CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS IN THE GERIATRIC PATIENT: DOUBLE‐BLIND STUDY
Authors: Ditch Morris , Kelly Francis J. , Resnick Oscar 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn a controlled double blind study, 40 geriatric patients with cerebrovascular disorders were treated with sublingual tablets of Hydergine or placebo for twelve weeks. The inventory of symptoms (32 items) included an array which portrayed their physical status, behavioral traits, and intellectual impairments. Final appraisals based on re‐evaluations at three‐week intervals during treatment showed that, compared to the placebo, Hydergine produced greater improvements in 19 of the 30 items rated. The most impressive results ascribable to Hydergine pertained to cognition and intellectual function. No untoward effects from this drug were observed during the course of this study. A probable mode of action of this ergot preparation is also discussed.
A GERONTOLOGICAL SHELTERED WORKSHOP: THE AGED PERSON'S ATTITUDES ABOUT MONEY*
Authors: REINGOLD JACOB , WOLK ROBERT , SCHWARTZ SHIRLEY 
Published: April 2015

Abstract: This study concerns 59 residents of an Old Age Home who participated, for pay, in the sheltered workshop program. Observations were made with regard to their earning capacity, how they spent their money, and what attitudes they had toward it.The aged can, and want to, earn money. For them, it may have many meanings, e. g., comfort, a more satisfying way of life, or restoration of self‐esteem. Work may act therapeutically as a compensation for lack of love, appreciation and dignity. In attempting to be more sensitive to the needs of the aged, we should not overlook their need for personal money. Work for pay is an important factor in solving the overall problem.
AN INNOVATIVE PROGRAM FOR A PRIVATE PSYCHOGERIATRIC DAY CENTER
Authors: BERGER MILTON M. , BERGER LYNNE FLEXNER 
Published: April 2015

Abstract: An initial report is presented concerning the establishment of a new type of “partial hospitalization unit” in an urban area to bridge the increasingly large, alarming and unmet gap between the services provided by state psychiatric hospitals and the essentially nonpsychiatric services provided by senior citizens centers for elderly men and women.The authors describe the need for day centers specifically designed and staffed in a fashion which can offer: 1) the therapeutic resources for a flexible, individually prescribed program to meet the emotional, psychic and social needs of each person referred to the Center, and 2) an active program of re‐education and remotivation while cooperating with the patient's regimen for physical rehabilitation.
Relationship of Lipids to Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Response in the Aged*
Authors: WOLDOW ASHER , SHAPIRO BERNARD , COHEN JACOB J. , KOLLMAN GEORGE 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT:The relation between lipid and carbohydrate metabolism was studied in 97 patients (average age, 82) by means of the glucose tolerance curve, blood insulin curve, and blood lipid pattern. A significant percentage of abnormal lipid values (including cholesterol and triglycerides) was found, whether or not the glucose tolerance curve was normal or abnormal. The blood insulin response to a 75–gm glucose load showed a correlation with lipid levels whereas the glucose tolerance curve alone did not. In patients with a high insulin response curve there was a greater incidence of abnormal lipid values than in patients with normal or low insulin response curves. The glucose‐insulin (G/I) ratio was an even better predictor of the lipid pattern. Low G/I ratios were more frequently associated with elevated lipid levels, regardless of the absolute glucose and insulin values.