bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pollen parent affects rutin content of seeds of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)
Authors: Otsuka Shiori , Hara Takashi , Ishiguro Koji , Matsushima Kenichi , Yasui Yasuo , Matsui Katsuhiro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is a heterostylous self-incompatible crop that requires outcrossing for seed formation. Pollen parents influence the traits of seeds in many plants, but their influence in buckwheat is unknown. Here, we crossed self-incompatible (SI) and self-compatible (SC) lines with different rutin contents. The average rutin contents of SI leading cultivars were all 0.15–0.21 mg/g, and a SI high rutin content line that we had developed was 0.6 mg/g, although it has wide range SDs (0.12–0.41). On the other hand, the average rutin contents of SC lines were 0.01–0.06 mg/g, with stable SDs (0.02–0.03). In crosses between high- and low-rutin parents, the average rutin content of F1 seeds was significantly lower than that of the high-rutin parent and higher than that of the low-rutin parent, indicating that the pollen parent influences the rutin content in seeds of buckwheat. RNA-seq analysis confirmed that alleles of several genes encoding enzymes involved in rutin synthesis derived from pollen parents were expressed during seed formation.
Increased drying threatens alpine pond biodiversity more than temperature increase in a changing climate
Authors: Lamouille-Hébert Marie , Arthaud Florent , Besnard Aurélien , Logez Maxime , Datry Thibault 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Climate change is one of the main drivers of species erosion. Rapidly changing climate in the form of warming, drying, and habitat isolation causes freshwater species to change their spatial extent, as most species have little capacity for in situresponses. However, the relative contribution of these three effects to freshwater species’ changing spatial distributions is largely debated. To shed light on this debate, we explored temperature, hydroperiod, and habitat connectivity effects on alpine pond species occupancy probabilities in the Northern French Alps. We studied alpine ponds as ideal test systems because they face climate change effects more rapidly, and in more concentrated areas, than any other freshwater ecosystem. We used multi-species occupancy models with three biological groups (amphibians, macrophytes and Odonata) to examine contrasted responses to climate change. Contrary to expectations, temperature was not the main driver of species occupancy probabilities. Instead, hydroperiod and connectivity were stronger predictors of species occupancy probabilities. Furthermore, temperature increase had the same effect on occupancy probabilities of generalist and cold-specialist species. Nonetheless, temperature disproportionately affected a greater number of specialist species compared to generalists. We conclude that climate change mitigation will primarily benefit a greater number of specialist species than generalists. Finally, we suggest that enhancing our understanding of freshwater hydroperiods will improve our predictions of climate change effects on freshwater species distributions.
Factors Shaping Delivery Location Preferences for Somali Women at Childbearing Age
Authors: Ismail Abdikani A. , Salih Omran , Muse Abdisalam Hassan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Maternal mortality remains a significant public health issue in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Somalia. Despite global efforts, high maternal mortality rates persist due to limited access to skilled birth attendants and healthcare facilities. This study examines maternal healthcare accessibility in Somalia, focusing on childbirth locations among women of childbearing age, using data from the Somali Health and Demographic Survey 2020.
Methods
This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the SHDS 2020, involving 16,162 women aged 15–49. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted using STATA software to identify sociodemographic factors associated with facility-based delivery.
Results
The prevalence of facility-based delivery was 19.95%. Key factors significantly associated with facility-based delivery included education level, household wealth, husband's employment, and household size. Women with primary education (aOR = 3.04, 95%CI = 2.74–3.37, p < 0.001), secondary education (aOR = 6.79, 95%CI = 5.62–8.20,p < 0.001), and higher education (aOR = 16.57, 95%CI = 11.68–23.54,p < 0.001) were more likely to deliver at health facilities. Larger households (11 + members) also increased the likelihood (aOR = 1.44, 95%CI = 1.33–1.56,p < 0.001). However, increasing age reduced the odds of facility-based delivery: ages 25–34 (aOR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.79–0.95,p = 0.003), 35–44 (aOR = 0.81, 95%CI = 0.72–0.91, p < 0.001), and 45+ (aOR = 0.48, 95%CI = 0.33–0.70,p < 0.001). Additionally, women who did not watch television were less likely to deliver at a health facility (aOR = 0.21, 95%CI = 0.19–0.23,p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Education, household wealth, husband's employment, and household size significantly influence facility-based delivery among Somali women. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve access to maternal healthcare services, especially for economically disadvantaged. Enhanced government funding for free maternal and newborn healthcare and local community involvement are crucial to reducing maternal and neonatal mortality and achieving sustainable development goals in Somalia.
Enhancement of non-oleaginous green microalgae Ulothrix for bio-fixing CO 2 and producing biofuels by ARTP mutagenesis
Authors: Yin Mingshan , An Yuliang , Qi Feng , Mu Ruimin , Ma Guixia , Chen Feiyong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Oleaginous green microalgae are often mentioned in algae-based biodiesel industry, but most of them belong to specific gena(Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Botryococcus and Desmodesmus). Thus, the microalgal germplasm resources for biodiesel production are limited. Mutagenesis is regarded as an important technology for expanding germplasm resources. The main purpose of this study is to screen microalgae strains with high carbon dioxide tolerance and high lipid content from mutants derived from indigenous non-oleaginous green microalgae species- Ulothrix SDJZ-17.
Results
Two mutants with high CO2 tolerance and high lipid content genetic stability were obtained from the mutants by high-throughput screening, named Ulothrix SDJZ-17-A20 and Ulothrix SDJZ-17-A23. In order to evaluate the potential of CO2 fixation and biofuel production, A20 and A23 were cultured under air and 15% CO2 (v/v) conditions, and their wild-type strains (WT) were used as controls. Under the condition of high CO2 concentration, the growth performance and lipid production capacity of mutant strains A20 and A23 were not only significantly better than those of wild strains, but also better than those of their own cultured under air conditions. Among them, A23 obtained the highest LCE (14.79%), Fv/Fm (71.04%) and biomass productivity (81.26 mg L− 1d− 1), while A20 obtained the highest lipid content (22.45% ). Both mutants can be used as candidate strains for CO2 fixation and biofuel production.
Conclusion
By ARTP mutagenesis with high-throughput screening, the mutants with higher CO2 tolerance, photosynthetic efficiency and lipid productivity can be obtained, even if they are derived from non-oleaginous microalgae, which is of great significance for enriching the energy microalgae germplasm bank, alleviating the global warming and energy crisis.
Exploiting a Lattice-Driven Gating in a Cu-Based Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework for Efficient High-Temperature Hydrogen Isotope Separation
Authors: Oh Hyunchul , Jung Minji , Park Jaewoo , Muhammad Raeesh , Park Taeung , Yi Jungwon , Jung Cheolwon , Ollivier Jacques , Ramirez-Cuestae Anibal J. , Park Jitae , Kim Jaheon , Russina Margarita 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study presents a novel approach for hydrogen isotope separation using Cu-ZIF-gis, a Cu-based zeolitic imidazolate framework with ca. 2.4 Å channels. Traditional Kinetic Quantum Sieving(KQS) method involves exploiting diffusion barriers, caused by the flexibility of local linker molecules or unit cell breathing phenomena. However, these methods are ineffective at high temperatures, as such opening transition typically completes below 77K. Cu-ZIF-gis leverages a new approach named "Lattice-driven gating", which uses lattice expansion to control the aperture at elevated temperatures up to 180K. Despite the lack of strong binding sites, it achieves effective isotope uptake via KQS above 120K and shows exceptional stability, remaining intact for nearly 3 years in air. With the help of Quasi-Elastic Neutron Scattering(QENS), we observe substantial differences in the molecular mobility of H2 and D2 above 150K. This method is compatible with existing LNG cryo-infrastructure, marking a significant advancement in sustainable isotope separation technologies.
Cost-effectiveness and societal burden implications of screening for fracture risk in a UK general radiography setting
Authors: Söreskog Emma , Lopez Ben , Bean Thomas , Lewis Penny , Ashley Nicholas , Lopes Joanita Da Palma , Meertens Robert , Ratcliffe Adam 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Fragility fractures lead to considerable societal costs and individual suffering. Despite the availability of cost-effective treatments for high-risk patients, a significant treatment gap exists, with many high-risk individuals remaining unidentified and untreated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness and societal impact of opportunistic screening for fracture risk with IBEX Bone Health (BH), a software solution that provides bone mineral density from wrist radiographs, in a UK general radiography setting.
Methods
The study used a health economic model that compared the health outcomes and costs of screening with IBEX BH versus usual care for men and women aged 50 and older who had a forearm radiograph for any reason. The model incorporated data on fracture incidence, fracture risk reduction, mortality, quality of life, and fracture and treatment costs from published sources and Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust. Costs and health outcomes in terms of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were simulated over the remaining lifetime of patients. The analysis took the perspective of National Health Service (NHS) and Personal Social Services in the UK.
Results
The results showed that screening with IBEX BH was associated with a gain of 0.013 QALYs and a cost saving of £109 per patient compared with usual care, making it a dominant (cost-saving) strategy. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the results under various assumptions. Widespread adoption of IBEX BH in the NHS was estimated to save 8,066 QALYs and £65,930,555 in healthcare costs over the lifetime of patients visiting hospitals for wrist radiographs each year.
Conclusions
IBEX BH could be a cost-effective tool for early identification and prevention of fragility fractures in the UK, addressing the current challenges of low provision and access to fracture risk assessment and treatment.
Observation of spherulitic covalent triazine frameworks grown from melts
Authors: Chen Zhen , Fang Tianhao , Xing Yifeng , Wu Huimin , Gao Duan , Xu Xiaomin , Zhang Zhenghua , Wang Huaizhen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

As emerging porous crystalline polymers, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) present exclusively in form of polycrystalline powders, single crystals, and thin films. Here we report a spherulitic covalent triazine framework (CTF) grown from its monomeric melt, which exhibits a typical Maltese cross pattern of light extinction. A structural evolution from small-angle branched nanofibrils to a core-shell hemispherical geometry is real-time recorded by in situ microscopies and spectroscopies. Time-resolved imaging analysis on spherulitic growth unveils a nonclassical crystallization process, which involves a secondary nucleation–growth mechanism coupled with amorphous-to-crystalline transition and self-templating polymerization. Furthermore, fluorine doping into CTF enables acceleration of core-shell growth and self-templating reaction, yielding well-developed spherulites with the average size up to ~48 µm in diameter. Our findings demonstrate an unprecedented form of COF crystallites and provide insights into polymerization and crystallization processes under solvent-free conditions via in situ characterization.
Biocatalytic methane oxidation
Authors: Yeom Soo-Jin , Seo Min-Ju , Jeong Yeon-Ju , Le Thien-Kim , Kim Da-Mi , Sung Bong Hyun , Lee Seung Jae , Lee Eun Yeol , Yun Chul-Ho 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The direct oxidation of methane to methanol using biocatalysts represents a groundbreaking advancement in effective natural gas utilization and methane valorization. The biological conversion of methane gas to methanol, which can serve as carbon feedstock, presents a significant economic opportunity. In nature, methane monooxygenases (MMOs), in both soluble and particulate forms, selectively oxidize methane to methanol. MMOs exhibit low activity, complexity, and are not readily tractable for recombinant expression in industrial microbial hosts. Achieving high volumetric productivities of methanol from methane requires functionally faster methane-converting enzymes, which has remained a major challenge in the field of methane oxidation. In this study, we report the discovery of the first cytochrome P450 from Caldimonas thermodepolymerans (CtCYP116B, i.e., CYP116B144), which is heterologously and highly expressed in Escherichia coli, and demonstrates the ability to directly convert methane to methanol. CtCYP116B exhibited the highest methane oxidizing activity (total turnover number of 606), surpassing other methane-converting enzymes. Furthermore, multi-enzyme cascade reactions using CtCYP116B, methanol dehydrogenase, and carboligases successfully produced C3−C4 chemicals from methane gas in vitro. The utilization of these functionally heterologously expressed CtCYP116B enzymes provide a powerful approach, serving as a key step in the construction of synthetic methanotrophs with significant biotechnological potential.
Ispinesib Mesylate-induced oxidative stress via miR-30e-5p/BCL2L11 axis in acute myocardial infarction: a comprehensive bioinformatics and experimental validation investigation
Authors: Ningxia Wu , Fei Li 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
Cardiovascular disorders constitute a substantial threat to global human health and safety. Of note, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), being a grave cardiovascular disorder, has garnered considerable attention owing to its elevated prevalence, mortality and broad demographic distribution. It is well established that hypoxia-induced apoptosis significantly contributes towards the onset and progression of AMI; however, several aspects regarding the biological indicators and molecular mechanisms of AMI remain elusive.
Method
This investigation utilized the Gene Expression Comprehensive (GEO) database to perform comprehensive analysis of pivotal genes employing techniques like differential analysis, Venn analysis, and weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). Subsequently, the correlation between the key genes and correlation factors was scrutinized, and the potential causal link between these factors and the outcome of AMI was probed via Mendelian randomization (MR). Additionally, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and lentivirus transfection experiments were executed, miRNA-mRNA networks were constructed utilizing miRBase databases, three-dimensional structures were predicted with the aid of RNAfold and Vfold3D databases, and drug sensitivity analysis was conducted using RNAactDrug databases.
Result
Following classification, WGCNA clustering, and Wien screening analysis, two distinctly expressed genes intimately linked to apoptosis - PTEN and BCL2L11 - were successfully identified. The outcomes of RT-qPCR and lentivirus infection experiments corroborated that the expression pattern of BCL2L11 conformed with our prior findings. Mendelian randomization analysis unveiled a robust causal relationship between BCL2L11 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and AMI. Lastly, through miRNA-mRNA network and drug susceptibility analysis, it was discerned that the Ispinesib Mesylate, Bleomycin (50 uM)/miR-141-3p/BCL2L11 axis could potentially serve as efficacious therapeutic or preventive strategies against AMI.
Conclusion
In this study, we introduced the novel concepts of Ispinesib Mesylate and Bleomycin (50 uM)/miR-141-3p/BCL2L11 axis, offering a fresh perspective on the apoptotic mechanism in AMI.
A Bibliometric Review Leveraging the use of Computational Thinking for educational sustainability in STEM subjects: A Framework for Teaching and Learning in the 21st Century.
Authors: Dewa Alton 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Computational Thinking (CT) has been recognised as an innovation framework to solve abstract problems to manageable tasks. In manufacturing industry, it plays a significant role to develop some working systems and application. Similarly, in teaching and learning, educators may apply this technique to unpack a rather challenging problem to solve into a more granularly structured concept that is easier to understand. This study uses a bibliometric method that build firm foundations on how school educators can integrate CT in their classroom instruction to advance some novel and meaningful ways of teaching. The data used was gathered from the Scopus database. Keywords such as “computational thinking,” “educational sustainability” and “teaching and learning” were used to extract papers from the database. Boolean operators such as ‘AND’ and ‘OR’ were used as wildcards to assist the searching of journals and conference proceedings in the related field. VOSviewer was used to prepare a co-authorship and co-occurrence map based on the bibliographic data gathered. The findings from the review of the literature indicates a huge knowledge gap in teaching using CT approach compared to a ‘common approach’ or ‘traditional’ way of teaching. Although CT approach is often used in computer science and related fields, it can also be used in other subjects, particularly, STEM subjects. The limitation of the study is that only one database, Scopus, was used to gather data. Despite the use of a single database, the findings open a novel knowledge gap that can be explored to enhance teaching and learning approach.
The CAP coherence between redistributive and environmental goals: do the allocation criteria for direct payments play a role?
Authors: Frascarelli Angelo , CIliberti Stefano , Bartolucci Paolo Emilio , Mastandrea Giada 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has incorporated environmental sustainability in addition to traditional goals aimed at enhancing farmers’ incomes. However, such a policy intervention is not free from drawbacks and limitations. We focus on decoupled direct payments (DDP) investigating whether and how the choice of the criteria for their allocation across farmers can impact on CAP coherence and effectiveness, that is the ability to jointly achieve redistributive and environmental goals. Based on a Spearman correlation analysis performed on the FADN dataset including farms from 28 European countries in the period 2015-2017, the present paper sheds lights on the disputed role of land as criterion of allocation of DDP. Despite a high level of heterogeneity of farms characteristics across the EU, quantitative evidence reveals the existence of alternative criteria of allocation of these public aids which can robustly improve policy coherence and therefore CAP effectiveness in matching equity and sustainability.
Субанестетические дозы кетамина как вспомогательное средство для контроля послеоперационной боли у родильниц с низким болевым порогом: рандомизированное контролируемое исследование
Authors: Шиндяпина Н. В. , Маршалов Дмитрий Васильевич , Шифман Е. М. , Кулигин А. В. 
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION: One in five women experiences high-intensity pain after a cesarean section. OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the effectiveness of low-dose ketamine in the prevention of high-intensity pain in women with a low pain threshold after cesarean section. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted on 90 women who underwent elective cesarean section (CS) under spinal anesthesia. Women were stratified into two categories: normal and low pain threshold. Within each subgroup, the patients were randomized into three groups: intraoperative intravenous administration of ketamine at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg; 0.5 mg/kg, and control group. The time to first request for analgesia and total tramadol dose during the first postoperative day were recorded. The frequency of adverse reactions was analyzed. RESULTS: The median and interquartile range (IQR) for mean pain intensity in the first day, pain on movement, and pain at rest 24 hours after CS were significantly higher in the control group compared to the ketamine groups (p < 0.001). Time to first requirement of analgesia increased in the ketamine 0.5 mg/kg group 190.0 [175.0–195.0] minutes compared with the control group 130.0 [130.0–140.0] minutes with p < 0.001. Tramadol consumption on the first day was significantly lower in the ketamine groups compared with the control groups (p < 0.001). Between-group statistically significant differences in the studied pain indicators in the ketamine groups (0.5 and 0.25 mg/kg) were not observed in either patients with a normal or low pain threshold (p > 0.005). Adverse effects (distorted reality and visual impairment) at the minimum dosage of 0.25 mg/kg were observed exclusively in patients with a normal pain threshold. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with an initially low pain threshold, the use of ketamine at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg has the best efficacy and safety profile.
Анестезиологическая летальность: основные причины и факторы риска. Обзор литературы
Authors: Лебединский К. М. , Беликов В. Л. , Гузовский Егор Игоревич 
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION: The lethal outcome associated with anesthesia or surgery is an indicator of both the safety of patients in the perioperative period and the level of healthcare. OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the causes and risk factors of anesthetic mortality according to the world literature in order to justify the necessity of confidential enquiry on perioperative critical events in the Russian Federation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the references published from 2000 to 2023 in the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, MEDLINE and eLibrary (for Russian authors). RESULTS: Of the 5,190 results, only 97 papers turned out to be relevant. After careful study, 29 full-text publications were selected as met all the selection criteria and were included into the analysis. In most of the reported observations, there is a global decrease in anesthesia-related mortality. The main dominant causes remains exactly the same (respiratory and hemodynamic disorders) with conventional risk factors (ASA grades 3–5, after-hours operations, etc.). Unfortunately, we were unable to collect data on the situation in the Russian Federation, since such studies have not yet been conducted here. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the decrease in anesthesia-related mortality, the main causes remain constant: respiratory disorders and violation of instructions for the use of drugs or their incorrect use. In the last decade, in research, the authors have been paying attention to risk factors for the occurrence of critical incidents, the main of which is, for example, operations at night. Since traditional causes of anesthesia-related death may constitute the basis of accusation, in order to effectively study the safety of anesthesia, develop protocols and recommendations, it seems to be necessary to create a regularly conducted confidential enquiry in Russia, similar to NCEPOD in the UK.