bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative octreotide treatment of acromegaly: long-term results of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Fougner S L , Bollerslev J , Svartberg J , Øksnes M , Cooper J , Carlsen S M 
Published: May 2014

ObjectiveRandomised studies have demonstrated a beneficial effect of pre-surgical treatment with somatostatin analogues (SSA) in acromegaly when evaluated early postoperatively. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term surgical cure rates.MethodsNewly diagnosed patients were randomised to direct surgery (n=30) or 6-month pretreatment with octreotide LAR (n=32). The patients were evaluated 1 and 5 years postoperatively. Cure was defined as normal IGF1 levels and by normal IGF1 level combined with nadir GH <2 mU/l in an oral glucose tolerance test, all without additional post-operative treatment. A meta-analysis using the other published randomised study with long-term analyses on preoperative SSA treatment was performed.ResultsThe proportion of patients receiving post-operative acromegaly treatment was equal in the two groups. When using the combined criteria for cure, 10/26 (38%) macroadenomas were cured in the pretreatment group compared with 6/25 (24%) in the direct surgery group 1 year postoperatively (P=0.27), and 9/22 (41%) vs 6/22 (27%) macroadenomas, respectively, 5 years postoperatively (P=0.34). In the meta-analysis, 16/45 (36%) macroadenomas were cured using combined criteria in the pretreatment group vs 8/45 (18%) in the direct surgery group after 6–12 months (P=0.06), and 15/41 (37%) vs 8/42 (19%), respectively, in the long-term (P=0.08).ConclusionThis study does not prove a beneficial effect of SSA pre-surgical treatment, but in the meta-analysis a trend towards significance can be claimed. A potential favourable, clinically relevant response cannot be excluded.
Mapping of Strain Tensor Components in Polycrystalline Samples using EBSD.
Authors: Dingley David J , Meaden Graham , Suzuki Seiichi , Fukino Tatsuya 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe advance in Electron Backscatter Diffraction known as High Resolution EBSD has permitted the strain tensor components and neighbour disorientation measurements to be mapped at resolutions better than 2 parts in 10000. Following earlier research into this technique which was focused on verifying the sensitivity and accuracy of the measurements, recent studies have involved investigations on semiconductor and metallic polycrystalline materials. In particular observations of localized regions where residual strains exceeded the macroscopic yield stress have been thoroughly investigated to eliminate experimental error as a possible explanation. No such cause was found. Strain measurements on polycrystalline steels in uniaxial tension and during thermal stress relieving thermal treatment have also been carried out. Maps of the strain distribution during elastic loading and early stages of plastic flow showed hot spots of high strain as in the static tests but overall the measured elastic strain was equal to the applied strain.
Twelve Years Technology-Enabled Enhancement and Sharing of a Materials Characterization Course by Five Virginia Universities
Authors: Kelley Michael J. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTCourse viability requires dealing with issues of adequate class size, diversity of academic background and goals, English fluency, heavy content and more. To this end, for thirteen years a consortium of five Virginia universities, including an HBCU, has shared a first-year graduate course on materials characterization. The journey began with just classroom co-presence. The present state includes common-server availability of materials (presentation slides, background articles, e-books), of content-delivery lectures (“full flip”) and of recorded class sessions (all). The most significant current issue is making effective use of the extensive in-class discussion time now made available by flipping.
Review of the Geographical Distribution ofDendroctonus vitei(Curculionidae: Scolytinae) Based on Geometric Morphometrics of the Seminal Rod
Authors: Armendáriz-Toledano Francisco , Niño Alicia , Sámano Jorge E Macías , Zúñiga Gerardo 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe known distribution of the bark beetle Dendroctonus vitei Wood has been basically restricted to species-type location in Patzun, Guatemala, and in San Cristobal de las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico. There are also reports of the species in Veracruz, Oaxaca, and Nuevo Leon, Mexico. This bark beetle cannot be confidently distinguished from its sibling species Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, Dendroctonus mexicanus Hopkins, and Dendroctonus sp. nov. by morphological characteristics (e.g., color and pronotum width). It has been proposal that the seminal rod is a useful characteristic to distinguish these species; however, its robustness has not been assessed quantitatively. The goal of the present work was to analyze the seminal rod from 601 specimens of the D. frontalis complex, collected in 89 locations from Mexico and Guatemala, using geometric morphometrics to clarify and update the distribution of D. vitei. Our results confirmed the presence of this species not only in the previously recognized locations (Patzun, Guatemala; San Cristobal de las Casas, Chiapas; Perote Veracruz, and Chipinque, Nuevo Leon) but also in seven new ones. The analyzed specimens of D. vitei and other D. frontalis complex species showed a strong differentiation in seminal rod shape among them. The accumulated information indicates that D. vitei is distributed across the entire Sierra Madre Oriental, the east Trans-Mexican volcanic belt, the Sierra Madre de Chiapas, and the Cordillera Central of Guatemala.
Copula Duration, Insemination, and Sperm Allocation in Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Thomas Donald B , Leal Sandra N , Conway Hugh E 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The juxtaposition and functional relationship of the sperm storage organs in Anastrepha ludens (Loew) is described. The spermatheca squash technique has been used to determine mated status in tephritid fruit flies, and thus as a measure of compatibility and coverage for sterile insect technique programs. Female A. ludens have four seminal storage organs: three spermathecae and a ventral receptacle. By interrupting coitus at set intervals, it is shown that the ventral receptacle fills first and after 15–30 min the spermathecae begin to fill. Among wild captured flies, all mature (gravid) females had semen in the ventral receptacle, but only 40 – 60% had sperm in at least one spermatheca. Therefore, examination of the ventral receptacle rather than the spermathecae alone is the more reliable method for determining mated status.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration Approval Summary: Erlotinib for the First-Line Treatment of Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Exon 19 Deletions or Exon 21 (L858R) Substitution Mutations
Authors: Khozin Sean , Blumenthal Gideon M. , Jiang Xiaoping , He Kun , Boyd Karen , Murgo Anthony , Justice Robert , Keegan Patricia , Pazdur Richard 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
On May 14, 2013, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved erlotinib (Tarceva, Astellas Pharma Inc., Northbrook, IL, http://www.us.astellas.com/) for the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletions or exon 21 (L858R) substitution mutations. This indication for erlotinib was approved concurrently with the cobas EGFR Mutation Test (Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., Basel, Switzerland, http://www.molecular.roche.com), a companion diagnostic test for patient selection. The approval was based on clinically important improvements in progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR) and an acceptable toxicity profile demonstrated in a multicenter, open label trial enrolling 174 patients with metastatic NSCLC whose tumors had EGFR mutations as determined by a laboratory-developed test. Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive erlotinib (150 mg/day) or platinum-based doublet chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed PFS. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and ORR. Superior PFS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.23, 0.49; p &lt; .001) and ORR (65% vs. 16%) were observed in the erlotinib arm. Median PFS was 10.4 months and 5.2 months in the erlotinib and chemotherapy arms, respectively. There was no difference in OS (HR 0.93; 95% CI: 0.64, 1.35) with median OS of 22.9 months and 19.5 months in the erlotinib and chemotherapy arms, respectively. The most frequent (≥30%) adverse reactions in the erlotinib-treated patients were rash, diarrhea, asthenia, cough, dyspnea, and decreased appetite. The most frequent (≥5%) grade 3 and 4 adverse reactions were rash and diarrhea.
Control and Support Models of Help-Seeking Behavior in Women Experiencing Domestic Violence in India
Authors: Mahapatro Meerambika , Gupta R.N. , Gupta Vinay K. 
Published: May 2014

In India, there is limited prioritization of domestic violence, which is seen as a private and family matter, and handled as a social responsibility rather than a complaint or crime. Despite the Domestic Violence Act, implemented in 2006, the widespread phenomenon of domestic violence across Indian states goes unreported. Using control and support models, this article aims to examine women’s behavior in seeking help while dealing with partner violence. It is a population-based analytical cross-sectional study covering 14,507 married women from 18 states of India, selected through a systematic multistage sampling strategy. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to generate data.It was observed that legal complexities combined with social realities make the life of an average Indian woman insecure and miserable. Most women surveyed preferred the social-support model and opined that if they face domestic violence, they would seek help from their parents as the first option in the order of preference. The responses of women while dealing with domestic violence are often spontaneous and determined by the pressing need to resolve matters within the home/community, rather than addressing them in the public domain of state institutions where procedures are cumbersome and lengthy. A new integrated development model proposed by several communities aims to prevent domestic violence through the intervention of health care systems.
Trophic State Index derivation through the remote sensing of Case-2 water bodies in the Mediterranean region
Authors: Papoutsa Christiana , Akylas Evangelos , Hadjimitsis Diofantos 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe main goal of this study is the derivation of Carlson’s Trophic State Index (TSI) through the remote sensing of four different Case-2 waters in the Mediterranean region such as Cyprus and Greece. TSISD is derived through extensive field ground campaign of Secchi Disk Depth measurements for the Asprokremmos Dam, located in Paphos District in Cyprus; Alyki Salt Lake, located in Larnaca District in Cyprus; and in Karla Lake, located in Volos District in Greece; and finally to three coastal water areas in the Limassol coastal area. Several regression models have been applied in order to develop the best regression model between the TSISD and in-band reflectance values for Landsat TM/ETM derived from spectroradiometric measurements using a GER-1500 field spectroradiometer over the main case study area in Asprokremmos Dam in Cyprus. Finally, we apply several regression models for Asprokremmos Dam for retrieving the suitable Landsat TM/ETM band or band combinations (obtained from field spectroradiometric measurements) in which TSISD can be determined. Indeed, the best regression model has been obtained by correlating ‘TSI Versus Band2/Band3’, with R2=0.89. All field TSISD and in-band reflectance values from the four different water bodies have been used to develop the best fitted model for the established TSI SD Versus Band2/Band3 model. We find that the exponential regression model provides the best fitted equation over the four different water bodies.
Geo-Characterization at selected accelerometric stations in Crete (Greece) and comparison of earthquake data recordings with EC8 elastic spectra
Authors: Savvaidis A. , Margaris B. , Theodoulidis N. , Lekidis V. , Karakostas Ch. , Loupasakis C. , Rozos D. , Soupios P. , Mangriotis M. , Dikmen U. , Tsangaratos Par. , Kokinou E. , Vafidis A. , Rondoyanni Th. , Kalogeras I. , Koutrakis S. , Sarris A. , Papadopoulos N. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractTo estimate the seismic response according to Eurocode (EC8) and almost all other national codes, site conditions have to be properly characterized so that soil amplification and the corresponding peak ground motion can be calculated.In this work, different geophysical and geotechnical methods are combined in order to define the detailed ground conditions in selected sites of the Hellenic Accelerometric Network (HAN) in Crete. For this purpose, the geological information of the sites and shear wave velocity, calculated from surface wave measurements, is used. Additionally, ground acceleration data recorded through HAN have been utilized from intermediate depth earthquakes in the broader area of South Aegean Sea.Using the recorded ground motion data and the procedure defined in EC8, the corresponding elastic response spectrum is calculated for the selected sites. The resulting information is compared to the values defined in the corresponding EC8 spectrum for the seismic zone that includes the island of Crete.The comparison shows that accurate definition of ground type through geological, geotechnical and geophysical investigations is important. However, our current comparison focuses on the distribution of values rather than the absolute values of EC8-prescribed spectra, and the results should be considered in this context.
Geo-portal as a planning instrument: supporting decision making and fostering market potential of Energy efficiency in buildings
Authors: Cuca Branka , Brumana Raffaella , Oreni Daniela , Iannaccone Giuliana , Sesana Marta 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSteady technological progress has led to a noticeable advancement in disciplines associated with Earth observation. This has enabled information transition regarding changing scenarios, both natural and urban, to occur in (almost) real time. In particular, the need for integration on a local scale with the wider territorial framework has occurred in analysis and monitoring of built environments over the last few decades. The progress of Geographic Information (GI) science has provided significant advancements when it comes to spatial analysis, while the almost free availability of the internet has ensured a fast and constant exchange of geo-information, even for everyday users’ requirements. Due to its descriptive and semantic nature, geo-spatial information is capable of providing a complete overview of a certain phenomenon and of predicting the implications within the natural, social and economic context. However, in order to integrate geospatial data into decision making processes, it is necessary to provide a specific context, which is well supported by verified data. This paper investigates the potentials of geo-portals as planning instruments developed to share multi-temporal/multi-scale spatial data, responding to specific end-users’ demands in the case of Energy efficiency in Buildings (EeB) across European countries. The case study regards the GeoCluster geo-portal and mapping tool (Project GE2O, FP7), built upon a GeoClustering methodology for mapping of indicators relevant for energy efficiency technologies in the construction sector.
Detection and mapping of burnt areas from time series of MODIS-derived NDVI data in a Mediterranean region
Authors: García Miguel , Alloza José , Mayor Ángeles , Bautista Susana , Rodríguez Francisco 
Published: May 2014

AbstractModerate resolution remote sensing data, as provided by MODIS, can be used to detect and map active or past wildfires from daily records of suitable combinations of reflectance bands. The objective of the present work was to develop and test simple algorithms and variations for automatic or semiautomatic detection of burnt areas from time series data of MODIS biweekly vegetation indices for a Mediterranean region. MODIS-derived NDVI 250m time series data for the Valencia region, East Spain, were subjected to a two-step process for the detection of candidate burnt areas, and the results compared with available fire event records from the Valencia Regional Government. For each pixel and date in the data series, a model was fitted to both the previous and posterior time series data. Combining drops between two consecutive points and 1-year average drops, we used discrepancies or jumps between the pre and post models to identify seed pixels, and then delimitated fire scars for each potential wildfire using an extension algorithm from the seed pixels. The resulting maps of the detected burnt areas showed a very good agreement with the perimeters registered in the database of fire records used as reference. Overall accuracies and indices of agreement were very high, and omission and commission errors were similar or lower than in previous studies that used automatic or semiautomatic fire scar detection based on remote sensing. This supports the effectiveness of the method for detecting and mapping burnt areas in the Mediterranean region.
Effect of Oil and Dry Roasting of Peanuts at Various Temperatures and Times on Survival of Salmonella and Enterococcus faecium
Authors: Sanders T. H. , Calhoun R. S. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
A number of outbreaks of salmonellosis since 2006 associated with the consumption of Salmonella-contaminated peanut butter have increased concerns about this food and the associated processing methods. Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the level of Salmonella reduction associated with oil and dry roasting of peanuts. After inoculation with either Salmonella or Enterococcus faecium, peanuts were dry roasted for various time durations at 5 temperatures ranging from 129–163 C and oil roasted at 120–160 C for three different time durations. At each dry roast combination of temperature and time in the study, Salmonella and E. faecium reductions were 2.7 log Colony Forming Units (CFU)/g or greater. Dry roast temperature of 154 C provided 4.6–4.7 log CFU/g reduction of Salmonella at 10 min and greater than 5.4 log CFU/g reduction at15 min. Oil roasting for 1.5 min at 150 C resulted in greater than a 6.0 log CFU/g reduction of Salmonella. E. faecium log CFU/g reductions were significantly less than Salmonella reductions in all treatments indicating a greater heat tolerance by E. faecium and documentation that it is an acceptable surrogate for Salmonella on peanuts.
Field Test Results Versus Marker Assisted Selection for Root-Knot Nematode Resistance in Peanut
Authors: Branch W. D. , Brenneman T. B. , Hookstra G. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
A common set of 12 advanced Georgia peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea) breeding lines that were derived from ‘COAN’ cross combinations were compared with three check cultivars for root-knot nematode (RKN) [Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood race 1] resistance. These 15 genotypes were grown in RKN populated field tests using a randomized complete block design with three replications for two years (2011 and 2012). Two molecular markers (SCAR 197/909 and SSR-GM565) used for marker assisted selection (MAS) did not agree with low gall ratings and high pod yield for four out of the 15 genotypes (26.7%). The results were the same each year with the same four field RKN-resistant genotypes being incorrectly identified as susceptible (false negatives) by both markers. Reciprocal cross combinations involving field resistant parents showed one-gene difference between MAS resistant × MAS susceptible in F1 and F2 populations. The lack of accuracy differentiating resistant RKN breeding lines when using these two markers was attributed to either recombination between the resistant gene RMA and these two markers, or the possible identification of a second unlinked nematode resistant gene. Regardless, more tightly-linked molecular markers are needed for RKN-resistance in future MAS breeding programs.
L'orchestre d'Olivier Roellinger
Authors: Roellinger Olivier 
Published: May 2014

La singularité d’Olivier Roellinger est d’avoir voulu raconter, au-delà de la technique gastronomique, ce qu’il est vraiment : son goût des voyages lointains, de l’exploration de l’histoire des épices et du dialogue avec les gens de la mer.
INTERDISCIPLINARY CARE: Effect in Acute Hospital Setting
Authors: Carty Anne E S , Day Susan S 
Published: May 2014

The concept of the Senior Care Unit was originated to achieve the following goals: to decrease the duration of hospital stay, to minimize loss or achieve improvement in patient functional status, to conduct postdischarge follow-up in the home or nursing home to assess implementation or modify the care plan initiated during hospitalization, and to be cost effective (Fretwell, 1 990).
By early and comprehensive interdisciplinary assessment and intervention, the goal was to resolve or at least control the patients' primary health problems. Preventing or at least minimizing those sequelae to hospitalization of elderly not attributed to the elderly patients' primary health problem was also a focus of the study.
THE CONFUSED PATIENT: Nurses' Knowledge and Interventions
Authors: Ludwick Ruth , O'Toole Anita W 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to identify nurses' knowledge and experience about confusion and its treatment. A random sample of hospital-based, medical-surgical registered nurses (????) was surveyed about their contad with confused patients and their knowledge about confusion. The findings suggest that nurses have regular and frequent contact with confused patients, caring for approximately three such patients in a week. They believe they are knowledgeable about confusion, rating their own knowledge on average as 2.96 on a scale ranging from O to 4. Restraint is the major lieulnmnl used for confusion, with 84% of the nurses reporting that the last confused patient they cared for was restrained. The high incidence data for use of restraints raise questions about what is a necessary restraint and whether restraints are overused in hospital settings. More attention needs to be directed toward finding alta i tuli ves to the use of restraints in the acute care hospital.
CARING FOR THE CAREGIVERS
Authors: Marchi-Jones Sandra , Murphy Juanita F , Rosseau Paul 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
The relationship between disabled elderly veteran care receivers' functional status and their in-home family caregivers' strain was examined in this study. The convenience sample was composed of 93 dyads. Data were obtained from care receivers' health care records and included the Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination (MMS), Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and Robinson's Caregiver Strain Index (CSI). Major findings were: 52% of caregivers experienced significant strain; 59% of care receivers were cognitively impaired to some extent and were severely impaired in IADL and ADL; and the relationships between care receivers' functional status (cognitive, ADL and IADL) and caregiver strain were statistically significant.
Nurse Staffing and QUALITY OF CARE IN NURSING FACILITIES
Authors: Johnson-Pawlson Jean , Infeld Donna Lind 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
A study of 198 nursing facilities in Maryland tested the hypotheses that: 1) the presence of more RNs improves the quality of nursing care; and 2) increased numbers of all types of nursing staff improve the qualify of nursing care, based on a multidimensional measure of quality of nursing care. Findings indicate that the ratio of RNs to residents is directly related to a measure of resident rights deficiencies. In addition, the ratio of total nursing staff to residents is directly related to a lower overall deficiency index and a higher quality of care score.