bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intra-Arterial MSC Transplantation Restores Functional Capacity After Skeletal Muscle Trauma
Authors: Roth Philipp von , Duda Georg N , Radojewski Piotr , Preininger Bernd , Strohschein Kristin , Röhner Eric , Perka Carsten , Winkler Tobias 
Published: August 2012

Introduction:Skeletal muscle trauma leads to severe functional deficits, which cannot be addressed by current treatment options. Our group could show the efficacy of local transplantation of mesenchymal stroma cells (MSCs) for the treatment of injured muscles. While local application of MSCs has proven to be effective, we hypothesized that a selective intra-arterial transplantation would lead to a better distribution of the cells and so improved physiological recovery of muscle function.Materials and Methodology:18 female Sprague Dawley rats received an open crush trauma of the left soleus muscle. Autologous MSC were transduced using dsCOP-GFP and 2.5 x 106cells were transplanted into the femoral artery of 9 animals one week after trauma. Control animals (n=9) received a saline injection. Cell tracking, analysis of tissue fibrosis and muscle force measurements were performed after 3 weeks.Results:Systemic MSC-therapy improved the muscle force significantly compared to control (fast twitch: 82.4%, tetany: 61.6%, p = 0.02). The histological analysis showed no differences in the quantity of fibrotic tissue. Histological examination revealed no cells in the traumatized muscle tissue 21 days after transplantation.Conclusions:The present study demonstrated an effect of systemically administered MSCs in the treatment of skeletal muscle injuries. For possible future therapeutic approaches a systemic application of MSCs seems to present an alternative to a local administration. Such systemic treatment would be preferable since it allows functional improvement and possible cellular concentration at injury sites that are not easily accessible
Effects of Two In-Office Bleaching Agents with Different pH on the Structure of Human Enamel: An In Situ and In Vitro Study
Authors: Sa Y , Sun L , Wang Z , Ma X , Liang S , Xing W , Jiang T , Wang Y 
Published: August 2012

SUMMARY
This study evaluated the effects of two in-office bleaching agents (Beyond and Opalescence Boost) with different pH on the structure and mechanical properties of human enamel in vitro and in situ. One hundred and eight enamel slabs were obtained from freshly extracted premolars. The specimens were randomly distributed into nine groups (n=12), and the human saliva (HS) in the volunteers' oral cavities was used to simulate the in situ condition: Beyond + HS, Opalescence Boost (O-Boost) + HS, Control + HS, Beyond + artificial saliva (AS), O-Boost + AS, Control + AS, Beyond + distilled water (DW), O-Boost + DW, and Control + DW. The bleaching treatments were performed on the first and eighth day, and the total bleaching time was 90 minutes. Baseline and final surface roughness (RMS), surface morphology, microhardness, and fracture toughness (FT) were measured before the treatment and on the fifteenth day, respectively. Compared with control groups, surface alterations on enamel were found in the Beyond + AS and Beyond + DW groups under atomic force microscopy evaluation. Two-way analysis of variance and Tukey test revealed that the RMS showed significant intergroup differences for both storage condition and bleaching agent, whereas microhardness and FT revealed no significant alteration. The results indicated that in-office bleaching agents with low pH values could induce enamel morphology alterations under in vitro conditions. The presence of natural HS could eliminate the demineralization effect caused by low pH.
The Clinical Effectiveness of Various Adhesive Systems: An 18-Month Evaluation
Authors: Moosavi H , Kimyai S , Forghani M , Khodadadi R 
Published: August 2012

SUMMARY
The aim of this clinical trial was to compare the clinical performance of three different adhesive systems over 18 months in noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs). Thirty patients, with at least three noncarious cervical lesions, were enrolled in the study. One operator randomly restored a total of 90 lesions with resin composite (Herculite XRV). The restorations were bonded with either Optibond FL (OF), three-step total-etch; Optibond Solo Plus (OS), two-step total-etch; or Optibond All-In-One (OA), one step self-etch. The restorations were clinically evaluated at baseline and after six, 12, and 18 months using the eight United States Public Health Services criteria. Data were analyzed using Friedman and Wilcoxon signed ranks tests (p&lt;0.05). After 18 months, the retention rate was (OF) 96.5%, (OS) 93.1%, and (OA) 89.7%. Differences among the three adhesive systems for evaluated criteria were not observed in comparison of the mean Alfa score percentages. There was a significant increase in marginal discoloration for (OA) adhesive after 18 months compared with baseline (p=0.011). Other restoration criteria had no statistically significant differences among the three adhesives (p&gt;0.05). With the exception of marginal discoloration, the clinical effectiveness of three types of adhesive systems in NCCLs was acceptable after 18 months. However, using the one-step self-etch adhesive may lead to some marginal discolorations.
The Effect of Polishing Technique on 3-D Surface Roughness and Gloss of Dental Restorative Resin Composites
Authors: Ereifej NS , Oweis YG , Eliades G 
Published: August 2012

SUMMARY
The aim of this study was to compare surface roughness and gloss of resin composites polished using different polishing systems.
Five resin composites were investigated: Filtek Silorane (FS), IPS Empress Direct (IP), Clearfil Majesty Posterior (CM), Premise (PM), and Estelite Sigma (ES). Twenty-five disk specimens were prepared from each material, divided into five groups, each polished with one of the following methods: Opti1Step (OS), OptiDisc (OD), Kenda CGI (KD), Pogo (PG), or metallurgical polishing (ML). Gloss and roughness parameters (Sa, Sz, Sq, and St) were evaluated by 60°-angle glossimetry and white-light interferometric profilometry. Two-way analysis of variance was used to detect differences in different materials and polishing techniques. Regression and correlation analyses were performed to examine correlations between roughness and gloss.
Significant differences in roughness parameters and gloss were found according to the material, type of polishing, and material/polishing technique (p&lt; 0.05). The highest roughness was recorded when KD was used (Sa: 581.8 [62.1] for FS/KD, Sq: 748.7 [55.6] for FS/KD, Sz: 17.7 [2.7] for CM/KD, and St: 24.6 [6.8] for FS/KD), while the lowest was recorded after ML (Sa: 133.6 [68.9] for PM/ML, Sq: 256.5 [53.5] for ES/ML, Sz: 4.0 [1.3] for ES/ML, and St: 7.1 [0.7] for ES/ML). The highest gloss was recorded for PM/ML (88.4 [2.3]) and lowest for FS/KD (30.3 [5.7]). All roughness parameters were significantly correlated with gloss (r= 0.871, 0.846, 0.713, and 0.707 for Sa, Sq, Sz, St, and gloss, respectively). It was concluded that the polishing procedure and the type of composite can have significant impacts on surface roughness and gloss of resin composites.
Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programs in West Africa as a model for sustainable partnerships in animal and human health
Authors: Becker Karen M. , Ohuabunwo Chima , Ndjakani Yassa , Nguku Patrick , Nsubuga Peter , Mukanga David , Wurapa Frederick 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
The concept of animal and human health experts working together toward a healthier world has been endorsed, but challenges remain in identifying concrete actions to move this one health concept from vision to action. In 2008, as a result of avian influenza outbreaks in West Africa, international donor support led to a unique opportunity to invest in Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programs (FELTPs) in the region that engaged the animal and human health sectors to strengthen the capacity for prevention and control of zoonotic diseases. The FELTPs mixed 25% to 35% classroom and 65% to 75% field-based training and service for cohorts of physicians, veterinarians, and laboratory scientists. They typically consisted of a 2-year course leading to a master's degree in field epidemiology and public health laboratory management for midlevel public health leaders and competency-based short courses for frontline public health surveillance workers. Trainees and graduates work in multidisciplinary teams to conduct surveillance, outbreak investigations, and epidemiological studies for disease control locally and across borders. Critical outcomes of these programs include development of a cadre of public health leaders with core skills in integrated disease surveillance, outbreak investigation, vaccination campaigns, laboratory diagnostic testing, and epidemiological studies that address priority public health problems. A key challenge exists in identifying ways to successfully scale up and transform this innovative donor-driven program into a sustainable multisectoral one health workforce capacity development model.
Evaluation of cognitive learning, memory, psychomotor, immunologic, and retinal functions in healthy puppies fed foods fortified with docosahexaenoic acid–rich fish oil from 8 to 52 weeks of age
Authors: Zicker Steven C. , Jewell Dennis E. , Yamka Ryan M. , Milgram Norton W. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Objective—To assess effects of foods fortified with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)–rich fish oil on cognitive, memory, psychomotor, immunologic, and retinal function and other measures of development in healthy puppies.
Design—Evaluation study.
Animals—48 Beagle puppies.
Procedures—Puppies were assigned to 3 groups after weaning (n = 16/group) and received 1 of 3 foods (low-DHA, moderate-DHA, or high-DHA food) as their sole source of nutrition until 1 year of age. Visual discrimination learning and memory tasks, psychomotor performance tasks, and physiologic tests including blood and serum analysis, electroretinography, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry were performed at various time points. Anti-rabies virus antibody titers were evaluated 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after vaccination at 16 weeks of age.
Results—Foods had similar proximate analysis results but varied in concentration of DHA from fish oil; the high-DHA food also contained higher concentrations of vitamin E, taurine, choline, and l-carnitine than did other foods. The high-DHA group had significantly better results for reversal task learning, visual contrast discrimination, and early psychomotor performance in side-to-side navigation through an obstacle-containing maze than did the moderate-DHA and low-DHA groups. The high-DHA group had significantly higher anti-rabies antibody titers 1 and 2 weeks after vaccination than did other groups. Peak b-wave amplitudes during scotopic electroretinography were positively correlated with serum DHA concentrations at all evaluated time points.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Dietary fortification with fish oils rich in DHA and possibly other nutrients implicated in neurocognitive development following weaning improved cognitive, memory, psychomotor, immunologic, and retinal functions in growing dogs.
Comparative vaccine-specific and other injectable-specific risks of injection-site sarcomas in cats
Authors: Srivastav Anup , Kass Philip H. , McGill Lawrence D. , Farver Thomas B. , Kent Michael S. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Objective—To compare associations between vaccine types and other injectable drugs with development of injection-site sarcomas in cats.
Design—Case-control study.
Animals—181 cats with soft tissue sarcomas (cases), 96 cats with tumors at non-vaccine regions (control group I), and 159 cats with basal cell tumors (control group II).
Procedures—Subjects were prospectively obtained from a large pathology database. Demographic, sarcoma location, basal cell tumor, and vaccine and other injectable history data were documented by use of a questionnaire and used to define case, control, and exposure status. Three control groups were included: cats with sarcomas at non-vaccine sites, cats with basal cell tumors, and a combined group of cats with sarcomas at non-vaccine sites and cats with basal cell tumors. χ2 tests, marginal homogeneity tests, and exact logistic regression were performed.
Results—In the broad interscapular region, the frequency of administration of long-acting corticosteroid injections (dexamethasone, methylprednisolone, and triamcinolone) was significantly higher in cases than in controls. In the broad rear limb region, case cats were significantly less likely to have received recombinant vaccines than inactivated vaccines; ORs from logistic regression analyses equaled 0.1, with 95% confidence intervals ranging from 0 to 0.4 and 0 to 0.7, depending on control group and time period of exposure used.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—This case-control study measuring temporal and spatial exposures efficiently detected associations between administrations of various types of vaccines (recombinant vs inactivated rabies) and other injectable products (ie, long-acting corticosteroids) with sarcoma development without the need to directly measure incidence. These findings nevertheless also indicated that no vaccines were risk free. The study is informative in allowing practitioners to weigh the relative merits and risks of commonly used pharmaceutical products.
Use of fluoroscopically guided percutaneous antegrade urethral catheterization for the treatment of urethral obstruction in male cats: 9 cases (2000–2009)
Authors: Holmes Elaine S. , Weisse Chick , Berent Allyson C. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Objective—To describe the technique and determine outcome for male cats with urethral obstruction treated with fluoroscopically guided percutaneous antegrade urethral catheterization (PAUC).
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—9 client-owned neutered male cats with urethral obstruction and inability to pass a retrograde urinary catheter.
Procedures—Information regarding the procedure and hospitalization was obtained from medical records. Long-term follow-up was obtained via medical record review or telephone interview.
Results—Diagnoses included iatrogenic urethral tear (n = 6), obstructive urethral calculi (1), urethral ulceration (1), and urethral stricture (1). Seven of the 9 procedures were successful. The 2 patients in which PAUC failed had mechanical obstructions preventing guide wire access across the urethral obstruction. Procedure times ranged from 25 to 120 minutes. No complications were noted in any patients during the procedure. One patient was euthanized because of unrelated disease. Follow-up information was available for 6 of 8 surviving patients. No complications that could be directly attributed to the procedure were noted. All 6 patients had a perineal urethrostomy performed 0 days to 6 weeks following the procedure because of reobstruction of the lower urinary tract. None of these patients had documented urethral strictures and none had recurrence of clinical signs following perineal urethrostomy.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that PAUC can be a simple, rapid, minimally invasive, and safe technique to facilitate transurethral catheterization in select cases. Patients with iatrogenic urethral tears may be good candidates. Patients with impacted urethral calculi, severe strictures or ulcerations, or a nondistended urinary bladder may be less amenable to PAUC.
Evaluation of a single subcutaneous infusion of carboplatin as adjuvant chemotherapy for dogs with osteosarcoma: 17 cases (2006–2010)
Authors: Simcock James O. , Withers Sita S. , Prpich Cassandra Y. , Kuntz Charles A. , Rutland Bronwyn E. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate adverse effects and survival times in dogs with osteosarcoma that received a single SC infusion of carboplatin as adjunctive chemotherapeutic treatment following limb amputation or limb-sparing surgery.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—17 client-owned dogs with spontaneously occurring osteosarcoma.
Procedures—Medical records of dogs that underwent limb amputation or limb-sparing surgery followed by a single continuous SC infusion of carboplatin (total dose, 300 mg/m2 infused over 3, 5, or 7 days) were evaluated. Signalment, tumor location, type of surgery (amputation or limb-sparing), duration of carboplatin infusion, results of hematologic and serum biochemical analyses, and adverse effects were recorded. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed.
Results—Median survival time for all dogs was 365 days. Nine dogs had adverse bone marrow–related (hematologic) effects, 1 had adverse gastrointestinal effects, and 7 had infections at the surgical site. No significant differences were detected in survival times of dogs grouped according to tumor location, type of surgery, duration of carboplatin infusion, or development of postoperative infection.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Median survival time and adverse effects in dogs with osteosarcoma that received a single SC infusion of carboplatin over a 3-, 5-, or 7-day period as adjunctive treatment following limb amputation or limb-sparing surgery were comparable to those of previously reported chemotherapy protocols requiring IV drug administration over several weeks. Further investigation is needed to evaluate the efficacy of this protocol as adjunctive treatment for osteosarcoma and other tumors in dogs.
Liver lobe torsion in six horses
Authors: Tennent-Brown Brett S. , Mudge Margaret C. , Hardy Joanne , Whelchel Dorothy D. , Freeman David E. , Fischer A. T. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Case Description—6 horses were determined to have torsion of a liver lobe at 4 referral institutions over a 21-year period.
Clinical Findings—Clinical findings were nonspecific but often included signs of marked inflammation. Two of the 6 horses were examined because of colic, and 2 were assessed because of peritonitis that failed to respond to treatment; the remaining 2 horses were examined because of nonspecific clinical signs that included inappetence, lethargy, and weight loss. The results of laboratory tests were widely variable, and values for liver enzyme activities were typically within reference limits or only mildly increased. Most affected horses had markedly increased peritoneal nucleated cell counts.
Treatment and Outcome—Exploratory laparotomy and resection of the affected liver lobe was performed in 5 horses. Three of those patients survived to discharge.
Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that diagnosis of liver lobe torsion in horses may be difficult because clinical signs and results of laboratory testing are nonspecific and variable. Most affected horses had markedly abnormal peritoneal fluid. The prognosis for hepatic lobe torsion can be good, and early surgical correction is expected to improve outcome.
Duodenal obstruction caused by duodenal sigmoid flexure volvulus in dairy cattle: 29 cases (2006–2010)
Authors: Vogel Susan R. , Nichols Sylvain , Buczinski Sébastien , Desrochers André , Babkine Marie , Veillette Manon , Francoz David , Doré Elizabeth , Fecteau Gilles , Bélanger Anne-Marie , Badillo Mauricio 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Objective—To characterize duodenal sigmoid flexure volvulus (DSFV) and determine the prognosis for affected cattle undergoing surgery.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—29 dairy cattle.
Procedures—The medical records were analyzed for history, signalment, clinical signs, medical management, surgical findings, and outcome.
Results—29 cattle were determined to have DSFV between December 2006 and August 2010. Twenty cattle had had an omentopexy or pyloropexy performed 1 day to 2 years before initial evaluation. Cattle were afebrile, tachycardic, and moderately dehydrated, with a small zone of percussion with a ping at the 10th to 12th right intercostal spaces and associated succussion. Biochemical changes were a severe hypokalemic (mean ± SD, 2.9 ± 0.5 mmol/L; median, 3.1 mmol/L; range, 2.08 to 3.92 mmol/L), hypochloremic (mean, 69.7 ± 11.1 mmol/L; median, 71.7 mmol/L; range, 49.1 to 94.1 mmol/L) metabolic alkalosis (mean total CO2, 44.5 ± 7.4 mmol/L; median, 45.3 mmol/L; range, 31.5 to 59.6 mmol/L) and hyperbilirubinemia (mean, 32.4 ± 29.0 μmol/L; median, 20.5 μmol/L; range, 7.8 to 107 μmol/L). Surgical findings for DSFV included an empty descending duodenum adjacent to a dorsally displaced and dilated cranial segment of the duodenum, distended abomasum and gallbladder, and a tight volvulus at the base of the duodenal sigmoid flexure. Manual reduction was considered successful if the descending duodenum filled after cranial duodenal massage. Twenty-two patients were successfully treated; the remaining 7 died or were euthanized within 4 days after surgery.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—A condition clinically resembling abomasal volvulus but affecting the duodenal sigmoid flexure has been recognized in dairy cattle. When a focal, dorsal right-sided ping and succussion are present combined with severe hypokalemic, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis and high bilirubin concentration, DSFV should be suspected, especially when there is a history of prior abomasal fixation. After surgical correction, the prognosis is fair to good.
Chronic HBV Infection outside Treatment Guidelines: Is Treatment Needed?
Authors: Evans Alison A , London W Thomas , Gish Robert G , Cohen Chari , Block Tim M 
Published: August 2012

Background There are now seven antivirals approved for use in the management of chronic HBV infection in the US. Current professional guidelines recommend the use of antiviral treatment in only a distinct subset of the total HBV chronically infected population, estimated to be more than 350 million worldwide. The subset of chronically HBV-infected individuals for whom the antivirals have been demonstrated to produce desirable outcomes are those with abnormal liver enzymes and a viral load above a defined threshold, presumably identifying those at highest risk for development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, some individuals whose clinical features place them outside these guidelines, for whom treatment is not recommended, are also at significant risk for liver disease complications and liver-related death. Methods In this report, we produce new estimates of the age-specific risks of liver-related death in people outside the current treatment guidelines using published data from multiple populations. Results Our results indicate that the age-specific 10-year risks of liver-related mortality in these individuals range from 0.3–4% in the West to 0.3–20% in Asia. Conclusions The magnitude of these risks and the estimated size of the global population that falls outside of current treatment guidelines have led us to consider whether medical interventions are also needed for these individuals, either with currently approved therapeutics or yet-to-be-discovered medications targeting new mechanisms of antiviral effect. Potential targets for development of new medications are discussed.