bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Do Investors Interpret Announcements of Earnings Delays?
Authors: Duarte‐Silva Tiago , Fu Huijing , Noe Christopher F. , Ramesh K. 
Published: April 2013

Unlike in the case of delays of 10‐K or 10‐Q filings, the SEC does not require managers to disclose delays of earnings announcements to the public. Thus, for companies that are unable to report earnings by their expected date, managers face a decision: remain silent or announce the delay. Prior research has investigated all earnings delays, whether or not they are accompanied by announcements of the delay announcement, and found that the market reaction is slightly negative, on average, for companies that allow their expected earnings dates to pass without disclosing results. It's not clear, however, whether this negative reaction was due to the absence of news or to the information contained in the announcements of the earnings delays.The authors' recent study documents that earnings delay announcements are associated with an average one‐day abnormal stock return of a negative 6%. This statistically as well as economically significant reduction in value is consistent with anecdotal evidence in the popular business press as well as predictions of disclosure theories, in particular the explanation that concerns about legal liability and managerial reputation motivate managers to disclose bad news. The study also shows that almost all managers who announce earnings delays attempt to influence the market reaction by disclosing the underlying cause. Finally, the study shows that the market reaction to earnings delay announcements is positively related to future earnings changes, consistent with the role of these disclosures in providing a signal of deteriorating financial performance.
Mechanical regulation of epigenetics in vascular biology and pathobiology
Authors: Chen Li‐Jing , Wei Shu‐Yi , Chiu Jeng‐Jiann 
Published: April 2013

AbstractVascular endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are constantly exposed to haemodynamic forces, including blood flow‐induced fluid shear stress and cyclic stretch from blood pressure. These forces modulate vascular cell gene expression and function and, therefore, influence vascular physiology and pathophysiology in health and disease. Epigenetics, including DNA methylation, histone modification/chromatin remodelling and RNA‐based machinery, refers to the study of heritable changes in gene expression that occur without changes in the DNA sequence. The role of haemodynamic force‐induced epigenetic modifications in the regulation of vascular gene expression and function has recently been elucidated. This review provides an introduction to the epigenetic concepts that relate to vascular physiology and pathophysiology. Through the studies of gene expression, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, migration and pathophysiological states, we present a conceptual framework for understanding how mechanical force‐induced epigenetic modifications work to control vascular gene expression and function and, hence, the development of vascular disorders. This research contributes to our knowledge of how the mechanical environment impacts the chromatin state of ECs and VSMCs and the consequent cellular behaviours.
Luteolin suppresses UVB‐induced photoageing by targeting JNK1 and p90RSK2
Authors: Lim Sung H. , Jung Sung K. , Byun Sanguine , Lee Eun J. , Hwang Jung A. , Seo Sang G. , Kim Yeong A. , Yu Jae G. , Lee Ki W. , Lee Hyong J. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractMultiple lines of evidence suggest that natural compounds can prevent skin ageing induced by ultraviolet light. Luteolin, a bioactive compound found in chilli, onion, broccoli, celery and carrot, has been reported to exhibit anti‐photoageing effects in vitro. However, the molecular targets and mechanisms of luteolin are still poorly understood. In this study, we sought to investigate the effects of luteolin on UVB‐induced photoageing and the molecular mechanisms involved, using HaCaT human keratinocytes and SKH‐1 hairless mice. Luteolin was found to inhibit UVB‐induced MMP‐1 expression in HaCaT cells, as well as UVB‐induced activation of AP‐1, a well‐known transcription factor targeting the MMP‐1 promoter region, as well as c‐Fos and c‐Jun, which comprise the AP‐1 complex. In contrast, Western blot data showed that UVB‐induced phosphorylation of JNK, ERK and p90RSK was not inhibited by luteolin. In vitro kinase assay data revealed that luteolin significantly suppressed JNK1 and p90RSK activity, but not that of JNK2 and ERK2. Pull‐down assays showed that luteolin binds JNK1 in an ATP‐competitive manner and p90RSK2 in an ATP‐independent manner. Luteolin also inhibited UVB‐induced wrinkle formation and MMP‐13 expression, a rodent interstitial collagenase in mouse skin, in vivo. Taken together, our observations suggest that luteolin exhibits anti‐photoageing effects in vitro and in vivo and may have potential as a treatment for the prevention of skin ageing.
Pro‐angiogenic potential of human chorion‐derived stem cells: in vitro and in vivo evaluation
Authors: Fariha Mohd‐Manzor N. , Chua Kien‐Hui , Tan Geok‐Chin , Lim Yun‐Hsuen , Hayati Abdul‐Rahman 
Published: April 2013

AbstractHuman chorion‐derived stem cells (hCDSC) were previously shown to demonstrate multipotent properties with promising angiogenic characteristics in monolayer‐cell culture system. In our study, we investigated the angiogenic capability of hCDSC in 3‐dimensional (3D) in vitro and in vivo angiogenic models for the purpose of future application in the treatment of ischaemic diseases. Human CDSC were evaluated for angiogenic and endogenic genes expressions by quantitative PCR. Growth factors secretions were quantified using ELISA. In vitro and in vivo vascular formations were evaluated by histological analysis and confocal microscopic imaging. PECAM‐1+ and vWF+ vascular‐like structures were observed in both in vitro and in vivo angiogenesis models. High secretions of VEGF and bFGF by hCDSC with increased expressions of angiogenic and endogenic genes suggested the possible angiogenic promoting mechanisms by hCDSC. The cooperation of hCDSC with HUVECS to generate vessel‐like structures in our systems is an indication that there will be positive interactions of hCDSC with existing endothelial cells when injected into ischaemic tissues. Hence, hCDSC is suggested as the novel approach in the future treatment of ischaemic diseases.
Telocytes: new insight into the pathogenesis of gallstone disease
Authors: Matyja Andrzej , Gil Krzysztof , Pasternak Artur , Sztefko Krystyna , Gajda Mariusz , Tomaszewski Krzysztof A. , Matyja Maciej , Walocha Jerzy A. , Kulig Jan , Thor Piotr 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe major mechanisms of gallstone formation include biliary cholesterol hypersecretion, supersaturation and crystallization, mucus hypersecretion, gel formation and bile stasis. Gallbladder hypomotility seems to be a key event that triggers the precipitation of cholesterol microcrystals from supersaturated lithogenic bile. Telocytes, a new type of interstitial cells, have been recently identified in many organs, including gallbladder. Considering telocyte functions, it is presumed that these cells might be involved in the signalling processes. The purpose of this study was to correlate the quantity of telocytes in the gallbladder with the lithogenicity of bile. Gallbladder specimens were collected from 24 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic gallstone disease. The control group consisted of 25 consecutive patients who received elective treatment for pancreatic head tumours. Telocytes were visualized in paraffin sections of gallbladders with double immunofluorescence using primary antibodies against c‐Kit (anti‐CD117) and anti‐mast cell tryptase. Cholesterol, phospholipid and bile acid levels were measured in gallbladder bile. The number of telocytes in the gallbladder wall was significantly lower in the study group than that in the control group (3.03 ± 1.43 versus 6.34 ± 1.66 cell/field of view in the muscularis propria, P < 0.001) and correlated with a significant increase in the cholesterol saturation index. The glycocholic and taurocholic acid levels were significantly elevated in the control subjects compared with the study group. The results suggest that bile composition may play an important role in the reduction in telocytes density in the gallbladder.
Factors affecting the efficacy of a vinegar trap for Drosophila suzikii (Diptera; Drosophilidae)
Authors: Basoalto E. , Hilton R. , Knight A. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractDrosophila suzukii, Matsumura, is a relatively new pest in the United States attacking a variety of fruit crops. Studies were conducted to develop a standardized, economical trap for monitoring. Laboratory bioassays found that flies were attracted to dark colours ranging from red to black. Similarly, fly catches in 237‐ml plastic ‘spice’ jars with ten 0.48‐cm holes and baited with apple cider vinegar were significantly higher in jars with red or black than white caps. The use of an alternating set of three, horizontal red, black and red bands (‘Zorro’ trap) significantly increased fly catches compared with the use of all‐red or all‐black strips. This increase was associated with a significantly higher proportion of flies first landing on the side near the openings of the trap instead of on the cap with the ‘Zorro’ trap compared with the other traps. Laboratory data were used to develop a predictive model to define total fly capture as a function of trap colour/colour pattern, cumulative area of entry holes and the length of the trapping portion of the trap. Total fly catches by the ‘Zorro’ trap were compared with other red and clear plastic traps in five field trials conducted in several cultivated and uncultivated sites. Comparisons included a commercial red‐capped 200‐ml trap with two 0.63‐cm holes, an all‐red spice jar with ten 0.48‐cm holes and clear and red 473‐ml and clear 946‐ml plastic cups with six or ten 0.48‐ or 0.63‐cm holes. The model was successfully validated, suggesting that performance of cup traps can be predicted based on a few characteristics. The current ‘Zorro’ trap did not catch most of the flies among trap designs, but showed some advantages, including the durability and potential to recycle the plastic, small size, commercial availability and its greater selectivity for D. suzukii than the other traps tested.
Depressive mood and frontal alpha asymmetry during the luteal phase in premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Authors: Lin I‐Mei , Tsai Yu‐Che , Peper Erik , Yen Cheng‐Fang 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAimsPatients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) experience moderate to severe physical and mood symptoms during the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle. The purposes of this study were to examine whether there were significant differences in frontal alpha asymmetry between PMDD and non‐PMDD women during a depressive induction condition during the luteal and follicular phases and to examine the relations between premenstrual distress and depressive symptoms, and frontal alpha asymmetry.Material and MethodsThe participants included 12 college women with PMDD and 12 without PMDD as controls. Frontal electroencephalograms (F3/F4) were measured during the luteal and follicular phases of the menstrual cycle in the following sequence: resting baseline, depressive induction, depressive recall, recovery, and relaxation. Premenstrual distress questionnaires and the Beck Depression Inventory II were administered.ResultsThe participants with PMDD had higher frontal alpha asymmetry than those without PMDD during the depressive induction and relaxation conditions only during the luteal phase. For PMDD and non‐PMDD during the luteal phase, a positive correlation was observed between negative affect (measured by premenstrual distress questionnaires) and frontal alpha asymmetry under the depressive induction stage. In addition, higher Beck Depression Inventory II somatic depression was positively correlated with frontal alpha asymmetry under the depressive induction stage.ConclusionsThis study supports the significant difference between PMDD and non‐PMDD on frontal alpha asymmetry, and frontal alpha asymmetry was related to negative affect and somatic depression, while participants with PMDD were in the depressive mood during the luteal phase.
Bioinformatics analysis reveals potential candidate drugs for cervical cancer
Authors: Ai Zhihong , Wang Juan , Xu Yanli , Teng Yincheng 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAimWe sought to explore the mechanisms of cervical carcinoma response to epidermal growth factor (EGF), and then identify biologically active small molecules capable of targeting the sub‐pathways that were dysregulated in cervical cancer cells in the response to EGF.Material and MethodsDifferentially expressed genes and pathways were analyzed based on the transcription profile of GSE6783, and then the differentially expressed molecules were further analyzed by several bioinformatics methods.ResultsOur results suggested that EGF could promote cervical cancer cell proliferation through triggering the dysregulation of certain sub‐pathways in the mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway and pathways in cancer. Furthermore, our bioinformatics analysis revealed a total of 49 small molecules which may play a role in perturbing the response to EGF of cervical cancer cells.ConclusionsCandidate drugs identified by our approach may provide the groundwork for a combination therapy approach for cervical cancer; however, further studies are still needed to make sure that the use of parthenolide or other anti‐cancer agents is effective without inhibiting important host defense mechanisms in cervical cancer.
Total oxidant, antioxidant, and paraoxonase levels in babies born to pre‐eclamptic mothers
Authors: Altunhan Hüseyin , Annagür Ali , Kurban Sevil , Ertuğrul Sabahattin , Konak Murat , Örs Rahmi 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate the oxidant‐antioxidant status in babies born to pre‐eclamptic mothers (BBPM).Material and MethodsThe paraoxonase (PON)‐1, total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status (TOS) levels were measured in the cord blood and venous blood (7th day) of BBPM (n = 31) and babies born to normotensive mothers (n = 25).ResultsThe PON‐1 and TOS levels in the cord blood and venous blood on the 7th day were not significantly different between the two groups; however, the cord blood TAS levels were higher in BBPM (P = 0.001), and the TAS levels in the venous blood were higher in the control group (P = 0.021). Furthermore, the cord blood PON‐1 levels of babies born to severely pre‐eclamptic mothers (n = 18) were higher than those of babies born to moderately pre‐eclamptic mothers (n = 13) (P = 0.042). There were no differences in the cord blood TAS and TOS levels and venous blood PON‐1, TAS, and TOS levels between babies born to severely and moderately pre‐eclamptic mothers.ConclusionThe increased TAS levels found in the cord blood of BBPM indicate that the fetus is protected against oxidative damage caused by increased oxidative stress in the mother. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in the published work investigating PON‐1 levels in BBPM.
p.His165Pro: A novel SOX9 missense mutation of campomelic dysplasia
Authors: Tonni Gabriele , Ventura Alessandro , Pattacini Pierpaolo , Bonasoni Maria Paola , Baffico Ave Maria 
Published: April 2013

AbstractCampomelic dysplasia (CD) is a rare skeletal dysplasia caused by mutation in the SOX9 gene located on chromosome 17q24.3‐q25.1, which regulates testis and chondrocyte development. Severe bowing of the long bones was seen at second‐trimester scan. DNA analysis demonstrated a previously unreported de novo missense mutation in p.His165Pro. Ultrasound‐based, molecular biology diagnosis led to early therapeutic termination of pregnancy. Histologic examination of the femoral epyphyseal growth plate confirmed scanty proliferation zone and maturation zone with degenerated chondrocytes.
Comparison of amino acid metabolism in frozen‐thawed and fresh early‐stage human embryos
Authors: Fang Cong , Tang Jie , Huang Rui , Li Li‐lin , Zhang Min‐fang , Liang Xiao‐yang 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAimsTo compare the amino acid differences of changes of frozen‐thawed early‐stage human embryos and fresh cultured early‐stage human embryos.Material and MethodsDiscarded embryos and their in vitro culture medium of patients who underwent in vitro fertilization‐embryo transfer (IVF‐ET) at the Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University, from September 2010 to April 2011 were collected. Amino acid levels were determined by high performance liquid chromatography.ResultsThe amino acid differences of changes in the culture medium of fresh embryos (661.50 μmol/L) were significantly higher than in the medium of post‐thawed embryos (232.00 μmol/L) at 0.5 h (P < 0.001). At 1 and 2 h, no significant difference of change was found in all amino acids. Differences in the concentration of amino acids between post‐thawed embryos and blank control medium were already present beginning at 1 h.ConclusionsThe level of amino acid metabolism of frozen‐thawed early‐stage human embryos has already recovered from the state of metabolic stagnation during cryopreservation at 1 h of incubation after thawing, and the amino acid metabolism level at that time approximates that in fresh embryos before freezing. This may be established as the optimal embryo transfer time in IVF‐ET.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Following a Scorpion Sting
Authors: Porcello Marrone Luiz Carlos , Marrone Bianca Fontana , Neto Felipe Kalil , Costa Francisco Cosme , Thomé Gustavo Gomes , Aramburu Martin Brandolt , Schilling Lucas Porcello , Pascoal Tharick Ali , Gadonski Giovani , Huf Marrone Antônio Carlos , da Costa Jaderson Costa 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTPosterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinicoradiologic entity not yet understood, that is present with transient neurologic symptoms and particular radiological findings. The most common imaging pattern in PRES is the presence of edema in the white matter of the posterior portions of both cerebral hemispheres. The cause of PRES is unclear. We report a case of 13‐year‐old male who was stung by a scorpion and developed a severe headche, visual disturbance, and seizures and had the diagnosis of PRES with a good outcome. Numerous factors can trigger this syndrome, most commonly: acute elevation of blood pressure, abnormal renal function, and immunosuppressive therapy. There are many cases described showing the relationship between PRES and eclampsia, transplantation, neoplasia and chemotherapy treatment, systemic infections, renal disease acute, or chronic. However, this is the first case of PRES following a scorpion sting.
Validity and Reliability of a Smartphone Application for the Assessment of Penile Deformity in Peyronie’s Disease
Authors: Hsi Ryan S. , Hotaling James M. , Hartzler Andrea L. , Holt Sarah K. , Walsh Thomas J. 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Available methods to evaluate men with Peyronie's disease (PD) are limited by the inability to accurately and reproducibly measure penile deformity.

Aim
The study aims to evaluate the performance of a smartphone application for the measurement of penile curvature and narrowing.

Methods
A smartphone application, the University of Washington Peyronie's Examination Network (UWPEN), was developed for this purpose. To assess penile curvature, 15 single cylinders of malleable penile prostheses were molded to varying curvature angles. Three blinded observers nonsequentially measured the angle of curvature for each prosthetic cylinder using a protractor, goniometer, and UWPEN. To assess girth narrowing, six clay models of the penile shaft were constructed to represent conditions of normal, partial hourglass, circumferential hourglass, and pencil narrowing. Girth was measured using a ruler and UWPEN by the same blinded observers.

Main Outcome Measures
Statistical analyses compared intertest, interobserver, and intraobserver reliability using the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC). An ICC above 0.75 indicates excellent reproducibility among measurements.

Results
Intertest reliability for angle measurements yielded an ICC for the three methods of 1.000. Separately, the ICC for UWPEN vs. the goniometer and protractor was 0.999 and 0.999, respectively. The interobserver ICC for UWPEN, goniometer, and protractor was 0.998, 0.999, and 1.000, respectively. Intertest reliability for girth narrowing measurements yielded an ICC of 0.991. The interobserver ICC for girth narrowing for UWPEN and the ruler was 0.978 and 0.986, respectively. Intraobserver ICC for angle measurements and girth narrowing showed high reliability for all observers and methods.

Conclusions
The performance of UWPEN is comparable with and highly correlated with angle measurements obtained from the goniometer and protractor as well as with girth narrowing measurements obtained from a ruler. Measurements are reproducible among different observers. UWPEN may provide a noninvasive, accurate, reliable, and widely accessible method to characterize and track PD over time.
Nutrient Assimilation by First‐Feeding African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus, Assessed Using Stable Isotope Analysis
Authors: Enyidi Uchechukwu , Kiljunen Mikko , Jones Roger I. , Pirhonen Juhani , Vielma Jouni 
Published: April 2013

AbstractKnowledge of ingredients assimilation and biomass contribution to recipient fish is important in feed formulation. The stable isotopes of 13C and 15N were used to investigate the assimilation and biomass contribution of bambaranut, Voandzeia subterranea, meal (BNM), corn, Zea mays, meal (CM) and fish meal (FM), in FM substituted diets of first feeding African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, during a 30‐d experiment. The catfish larvae were stocked at 40 fish/15 L three replicate glass aquaria. Larvae were fed with experimental diets varying FM, BNM, and CM. Proportions of FM : BNM : CM in the experimental diets were: feed 1 (F1) 60:20:20; feed 2 (F2) 40:40:20; feed 3 (F3) 20:60:20; and feed 4 (F4) 20:20:60. Feeds and larval stable isotopes of δ13C and δ15N were analyzed. Larval specific growth rates (SGRs) were high, enhancing incorporation of dietary δ13C and δ15N. The SGR was highest for catfish fed F1 and F2 but significantly lower for those on F3 and F4. Results of δ13C and δ15N analyses showed that the biomass contribution from FM was similar to BNM, which were better than CM at equal inclusion levels. The nitrogen contribution per ingredient to larval somatic crude protein was increasing with increases in ingredient inclusion and assimilation. Stable isotope analysis is useful for analyzing assimilation and utilization of nutrients.