bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial and antioxidant functionalization of cellulosic fabric via mushroom and neem oil treatment: A step toward sustainable textiles
Authors: Saha Joykrisna , Ara Most. Refat , Pranta Arnob Dhar , Hossain Md. Shebbir 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNowadays, the demand for protective clothing for specific activities has been fueled by consumer's attitudes toward hygiene and their active lifestyles. The aim of the present work is focused on creating protective textiles that are safe for the environment. This study uses mushroom–neem oil and neem oil to test their antioxidant properties to make cotton fabric that resists bacterial growth. Pad dry cure is used to create antimicrobial fabric with mushroom–neem oil and neem oil with citric acid (1%) as a cross‐linking agent. The antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and antioxidant activity by DPPH assay were assessed by applying mushroom–neem oil and neem oil separately to cotton knitted fabric at 120, 130, 140, and 150°C. FTIR and EDS were used to study the incorporation of mushroom–neem oil and neem oil on cotton fabric surfaces. Both the treated and untreated fabric surface morphology were examined using scanning electron microscopy. An increase in curing temperature was found to change the comfort characteristics of the treated fabric. The analysis also found that antimicrobials reduced thermal conductivity. Most importantly, increasing the curing temperature improved all comfort properties. Notably, fabric treated with mushroom neem oil is more comfortable than fabric treated with neem oil.Highlights
Cotton fabrics with mushroom–neem and neem oil showed antibacterial activity.
Neem oil‐treated fabrics had better antioxidant properties than mushroom–neem oil.
Higher curing temperatures reduced thermal conductivity and improved comfort.
Mushroom–neem oil samples have superior physical properties.
Bioactive material treatments can reduce chemical and environmental impact.
X‐ray spectroscopy and quantification of an AlCuLi quasi‐crystal: A step forward for combination of reflection zone plate and crystal spectrometers
Authors: Hassebi Khalil , Rividi Nicolas , Boudouma Omar , Fialin Michel , Le Guen Karine , Jonnard Philippe 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe present the analysis of an AlCuLi quasi‐crystal on an electron probe microanalyser equipped with spectrometers working both in the soft and ultra‐soft x‐ray ranges. This original combination enables obtaining the Li Kα and Al L2,3 emissions with a reflection plate spectrometer and the Al Kβ and Cu Lα emissions with a curved‐crystal spectrometer. All these emissions are emission bands, sensitive to the chemical state of the emitting element. From the observation of the valence band shapes, it is confirmed that the electronic structure of the quasi‐crystal is quite different from that of the corresponding pure metals. From the measured intensities, quantification is performed using the PAP model. The weight fractions calculated from the ultra‐soft x‐ray emission intensities are very dependent on the chosen database of mass attenuation coefficients. Comparison with fractions calculated with small uncertainty in the soft x‐ray range enables choosing which databases are the most relevant for the ultra‐soft x‐ray range. Both quantifications performed from ultra‐soft and soft x‐ray emissions are compatible, leading to the Al60Cu24Li16 weight concentration of the quasi‐crystal.
Bürgergeld und Grundeinkommen – Der weite Weg der Bürgergeldreform
Authors: Opielka Michael , Strengmann-Kuhn Wolfgang 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Autoren diskutieren die Reform der Grundsicherung in Richtung eines „Bürgergeldes“ im Koalitionsvertrag der „Ampel“- Koalition auf Bundesebene vor dem Hintergrund grundsätzlicher Überlegungen zur Zukunft des Sozialstaates, unter anderem aus dem „Zukunftslabor Schleswig-Holstein“. Sie sehen die Bürgergeldreform als inkrementellen Schritt auf dem
Weg zum Grundeinkommen und diskutieren ihre These entlang von vier Themen: a) der Frage der Höhe des Grundeinkommens, b) das Problem der Anrechnung anderer Einkommen, c) das Verhältnis zu Grundrente und Bürgerversicherung und d) zur Kindergrundsicherung. In einem zweiten Schritt wird erörtert, wie und inwieweit das Bürgergeld gezielt in Richtung eines Grundeinkommens entwickelt werden kann.
Die Nichtinanspruchnahme von Grundsicherung als Bewältigungsstrategie
Authors: Sielaff Mareike , Wilke Felix 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungGrundsicherungsleistungen sollen ein menschenwürdiges Existenzminimum sicherstellen﻿ und gesellschaftliche Teilhabe ermöglichen. Doch viele Anspruchsberechtigte verzichten auf ihre Leistungen. Der Beitrag untersucht das Phänomen der Nichtinanspruchnahme von Grundsicherungsleistungen und fragt nach den Implikationen der Bürgergeld-Reform. Mithilfe eines qualitativen Studiendesigns wird die Perspektive der Verzichtenden rekonstruiert und aufgezeigt, dass es verschiedene Strategien gibt, um ohne Grundsicherungsleistungen den Alltag zu bewältigen. Das Ziel ist es, die subjektiven Deutungen und alltagsweltlichen Logiken hinter der Nichtinanspruchnahme von Grundsicherungsleistungen zu verstehen. Aus den im Jahr 2022 geführten episodischen Interviews im Raum Thüringen wurden vier Idealtypen der Nichtinanspruchnahme entwickelt. Im Ergebnis lässt sich die Nichtinanspruchnahme als Möglichkeit der Bewahrung von Vorläufigkeit, der Abkehr von Normalitätsvorstellungen im Zusammenhang mit Autonomiebestrebungen, der Entlastung von bürokratischen Hürden und der Abgrenzung von einem stigmatisierendem System rekonstruieren. Die subjektzentrierte Perspektive lässt vermuten, dass die Neuerungen des Bürgergeldes nur wenig am Inanspruchnahmeverhalten ändern.
Antenna subtraction for processes with identified particles at hadron colliders
Authors: Bonino Leonardo , Gehrmann Thomas , Marcoli Matteo , Schürmann Robin , Stagnitto Giovanni 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Collider processes with identified hadrons in the final state are widely studied in view of determining details of the proton structure and of understanding hadronization. Their theory description requires the introduction of fragmentation functions, which parametrise the transition of a produced parton into the identified hadron. To compute higher-order perturbative corrections to these processes requires a subtraction method for infrared singular configurations. We extend the antenna subtraction method to hadron fragmentation processes in hadronic collisions up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in QCD by computing the required fragmentation antenna functions in initial-final kinematics. The integrated antenna functions retain their dependence on the momentum fractions of the incoming and fragmenting partons.
Rational Singularities for Moment Maps of Totally Negative Quivers
Authors: Vernet Tanguy 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe prove that the zero-fiber of the moment map of a totally negative quiver has rational singularities. Our proof consists in generalizing dimension bounds on jet spaces of this fiber, which were introduced by Budur. We also transfer the rational singularities property to other moduli spaces of objects in 2-Calabi-Yau categories, based on recent work of Davison. This has interesting arithmetic applications on quiver moment maps and moduli spaces of objects in 2-Calabi-Yau categories. First, we generalize results of Wyss on the asymptotic behaviour of counts of jets of quiver moment maps over finite fields. Moreover, we interpret the limit of counts of jets on a given moduli space as its p-adic volume under a canonical measure analogous to the measure built by Carocci, Orecchia and Wyss on certain moduli spaces of coherent sheaves.
Change in incidents of suicidal acts after intervention on a bridge in South Korea
Authors: Shin Sangsoo , Pirkis Jane , Spittal Matthew J. , Too Lay San , Clapperton Angela 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate whether two novel interventions on a bridge – a Video Incident Detection System (VIDS) and spinning bar barriers – have an impact on suicidal behaviour on the bridge.

Methods
A total of 146 suicidal acts were retrieved for analyses; 108 interventions before suicidal acts, 35 suicide deaths and 3 suicide attempts. Incident rate ratios (IRR) were calculated to estimate the change in incident rate associated with implementation of the two interventions: VIDS and the spinning bar 2-metre high barrier.

Results
The results of the Poisson regression showed that the rate of suicide deaths, after installation the VIDS, did not change significantly (IRR: 1.23, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI]: 0.59–2.56), although the rate of intervened suicidal acts increased (IRR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.65–3.47). The results showed that subsequent spinning bar installation resulted in a decrease in the incident rate of intervened suicidal acts (IRR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.25–0.57) as well as suicide deaths (IRR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.07–0.71). Comparison of the period when both interventions were in place with the period with no interventions indicated a reduction in suicide deaths (IRR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.10–0.82), but no change in intervened suicidal acts (IRR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.59–1.38).

Conclusion
The rate of suicide death decreased after the installation of the spinning bar barrier but not after the implementation of VIDS alone. Our findings reinforce that restricting access to means is a highly effective way of preventing suicide on bridges and that spinning bars may be a helpful way to design barriers.
Additive manufacturing of polymeric pressure die for rotary draw bending process
Authors: Kaleem Muhammad Ali , Steinheimer Rainer , Frohn-Sörensen Peter , Gabsa Steffen , Engel Bernd 
Published: August 2024

Abstract3D printing or additive manufacturing (AM) possesses enormous potential to benefit the manufacturing industry. Presently, rotary draw bending (RDB) is one of the most commonly used cold-forming industrial process for bending metal tubes. Pressure die is a fundamental forming tool in RDB processes, and it is conventionally made by various grades of comparatively expensive alloy steels. This research presents a novel design of a pressure die which can be 3D printed by using inexpensive polymeric filaments. In this research paper, the 3D-printed pressure die is named as “FFF-pressure die.” The material used to fabricate the FFF-pressure die is a thermoplastic polymer known as “ecoPLA.” The mechanical properties of ecoPLA are studied in relation to the process conditions of a RDB process. Firstly, an initial feasibility of using the FFF-pressure die in a RDB process is obtained by conducting a quick static stress analysis with actual process conditions. After initial feasibility, a complete RDB process is developed and simulated with actual process conditions and material properties. The FFF-pressure die is then practically fabricated by FFF 3D printer and experimentally tested on an industrial RDB machine. The results of practical experiments are compared with the simulation results. In order to make a comparison of the FFF-pressure die with the conventional metal pressure die, the simulation and practical process is also conducted with the conventional metal pressure die. A performance and cost comparison is made between the polymeric FFF-pressure die and the conventional metal pressure die. Von Mises stresses, contact forces, failure risk, and elastic deformations are analyzed. The advantages and limitations of using the FFF-pressure die in a RDB process are discussed in the end. This research intends to widen the avenue of using cost-effective and lightweight forming tools in metal forming industries.
Radiological assessment of the dissection area in supraomohyoid neck dissection
Authors: Takeshita Yohei , Iwanaga Joe , Ohyama Yoshio , Ibaragi Soichiro , Matsushita Yuki , Tubbs R. Shane , Kitagawa Norio , Kawazu Toshiyuki , Hisatomi Miki , Okada Shunsuke , Fujikura Mamiko , Asaumi Junichi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The current supraomohyoid neck dissection (SOHND) is performed above the omohyoid muscle to dissect levels I, II, and III in the levels of cervical lymph nodes. However, the anatomical boundary between levels III and IV is the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage. We investigated the anatomical relationship between the omohyoid muscle and cricoid cartilage using contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT) images to assess the validity of the current SOHND.

Methods
CE-CT images of the head and neck regions in patients were reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups: “malignant tumors” and “others”. The vertebral levels corresponding to the positions of anatomical structures such as the intersection of the omohyoid muscle and internal jugular vein (OM-IJ), and the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage (CC), were recorded.

Results
The OM-IJ was located around the seventh cervical to the first thoracic vertebra. There was a significant difference between the malignant tumor and others groups in females (p = 0.036). The CC was located around the sixth to seventh cervical vertebrae. There was a significant sex difference in each group (malignant tumor: p < 0.0001; others: p = 0.008). Both sexes tended to have lower OM-IJ than CC, and females had significantly lower OM-IJ than males.

Conclusion
This study provides clear anatomical evidence showing the difference between the SOHND dissection area and levels I, II, and III. It could be considered that in most cases SOHND invades level IV, not just levels I, II, and III, especially in female patients.
An MRI-based study of the insula in a South African population
Authors: Govender C. R. , Bisetty V. , Naidoo N. , Moodley I. G. , Lazarus L. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The insula, a cortical structure buried deep within the sylvian fissure, has long posed a surgical challenge. Comprehensive knowledge of the insular anatomy is therefore integral to preoperative planning and safe interventional procedures. Since magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a favoured modality for the identification of cerebral structures, this study aimed to investigate the morphology and morphometry of the insula in a South African population, using MRI scans.

Methods
One-hundred MRI studies of insulae (n = 200 hemispheres) were retrospectively analysed for morphological features and morphometric parameters.

Results
The insulae were predominantly trapezoidal in shape (Laterality: Left: 82%; Right: 78%; Sex: Male: 84%, Female: 76%). The central insular sulcus was almost always “well seen” (Laterality: Left: 97%; Right: 99%; Sex: Male: 99%, Female: 97%). The middle short insular gyrus (MSG) was most variable in visibility, especially when compared across the sexes (p = 0.004). Insular gyri widths were comparable in both cerebral hemispheres; the posterior long gyrus (PLG) presented with the smallest mean widths. Anterior lobule (AL) widths were larger than those of the posterior lobule (PL). Widths of the insular gyri and lobules were generally larger in males than in females. The MSG and PLG widths in the left hemisphere, AL width in the right hemisphere, and the PL width in both hemispheres were significantly larger in males than in females (p = 0.001; p = 0.005; p = 0.041; p = 0.001, p = 0.015, respectively).

Conclusion
MRI scans may be used to accurately interpret insular anatomy. The data obtained may aid neurosurgeons to perform safe insula-related surgical procedures.
Enukleationen und Eviszerationen sowie die Verwendung von Orbitaimplantaten in deutschen Augenkliniken
Authors: Schuh Anna , Pensel Nicolas , Priglinger Siegfried , Hintschich Christoph 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Auswertung der deutschlandweit durchgeführten Enukleationen und Eviszerationen sowie der zur primären Rekonstruktion verwendeten Orbitaimplantate.

Methodik
Es wurden die vom Gemeinsamen Bundesausschuss (G-BA) zur Verfügung gestellten Qualitätsberichte deutscher Augenkliniken für die Jahre 2012 bis 2021 analysiert.

Ergebnisse
In Deutschland werden nahezu 10-mal so viele Enukleationen (8368) wie Eviszerationen (975) durchgeführt. Zur primären Rekonstruktion nach Enukleation werden am häufigsten alloplastische Orbitaimplantate verwendet (44,6 %: alloplastisch, nicht näher spezifiziert; 30,0 %: alloplastisch, nicht näher spezifiziert, ummantelt; 14,1 %: mikroporöse Implantate); autologes Gewebe in Form von Dermis-Fett-Transplantaten in 6,1 % der Fälle.

Zusammenfassung
In Deutschland werden deutlich mehr Enukleationen als Eviszerationen durchgeführt. Zur primären Rekonstruktion nach Enukleation werden alloplastische Orbitaimplantate bevorzugt.
Unbiased sequence analysis of vgsc gene reveals circulation of novel and known knock-down resistance mutations in Culex pipiens, challenging vector control measures
Authors: Pichler Verena , Itokawa Kentaro , Caputo Beniamino , De Marco Carlo Maria , Serini Paola , Bellini Romeo , Veronesi Rodolfo , De Liberato Claudio , Romiti Federico , Arnoldi Daniele , Rizzoli Annapaola , Lia Riccardo Paolo , Otranto Domenico , Michaelakis Antonios , Bisia Marina , Minakawa Noboru , Kasai Shinji , della Torre Alessandra 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPyrethroids, targeting the voltage gated sodium channel (VGSC), are fundamental for the control of arboviral disease circulation. The spread of pyrethroid resistance among vector species represents thus a major public health concern. Culex pipiens is one of the most abundant European mosquito species and main vector of West Nile virus, leading cause of arboviral encephalitis worldwide. Despite this, monitoring of its resistance status and the understanding of underlying mechanisms are widely neglected. Herein, we performed an oligo-hybridization capture approach on 82 Cx. pipiens specimens from Italy and Greece to investigate the whole coding sequence of the vgsc gene for the presence of known and potential knock-down resistance (kdr) mutations associated with target-site resistance to pyrethroids in insects. Among the 26 non-synonymous substitutions revealed by the analysis, the super-kdr haplotype—i.e. the association of kdr-alleles 918T and 1014F, known for conferring a strongly enhanced resistance phenotype in Musca domestica – was revealed for the first time in mosquitoes. Three more potential kdr alleles were detected for the first time in Cx. pipiens and multiple kdr variants were observed for locus 1014, with allele 1014F, reaching frequencies  > 80%. Overall, results depict a worrisome situation that could affect the ability to control West Nile virus outbreaks in southern Europe. To avoid this, resistance monitoring needs to be intensified and an enhancement of the diagnostic tool box for the easy detection of different kdr-variants (including in particular the super-kdr haplotype) and for subsequent functional studies on the resistance phenotype of detected variants, is required.
Endoscopic program with a scoring system for surveillance of metachronous esophageal cell carcinoma for older patients considering risk factors after endoscopic resection
Authors: Naito Sakiko , Fukuzawa Masakatsu , Shinohara Hirokazu , Kagawa Yasuyuki , Madarame Akira , Koyama Yohei , Yamaguchi Hayato , Yamauchi Yoshiya , Itoi Takao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
This study evaluated the association between the risk factors and prognosis for metachronous esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) after endoscopic resection (ER) of esophageal cancer in older patients.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective observational study of 127 patients with ESCC who underwent ER from 2015 to 2020. Patients were classified as non-older (≤ 64 years), early older (65–74 years), and late older (≥ 75 years). We analyzed factors associated with poor overall survival and metachronous ESCC after ER using multivariate Cox regression analysis. A metachronous ESCC prediction scoring system was examined to validate the surveillance endoscopy program.

Results
Body mass index (BMI) and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) were significant risk factors for poor overall survival in the multivariate analysis (p = 0.050 and p = 0.037, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that age of < 64 years, Lugol-voiding lesions (grade B/C), and head and neck cancer were significantly related to metachronous ESCC (p = 0.035, p = 0.035, and p = 0.014, respectively). In the development cohort, BMI < 18.5 kg/m2, CCI > 2, age < 64 years, Lugol-voiding lesions (grade B/C), and head and neck cancer were significantly related to metachronous ESCC, and each case was assigned 1 point. Patients were classified into low (0, 1, and 2) and high (> 3) score groups based on total scores. According to Kaplan–Meier curves, the 3-year overall survival was significantly lower in the high-score group than in the low-score group (91.5% vs. 100%, p = 0.012).

Conclusions
We proposed an endoscopic surveillance scoring system for metachronous ESCC considering BMI and CCI in older patients.
Potential biological control agents of Geosmithia morbida restrict fungal pathogen growth via mycoparasitism and antibiosis
Authors: Onufrak Aaron J. , Gazis Romina , Gwinn Kimberly , Klingeman William , Khodaei Sima , Perez Oñate Luis I. , Finnell Autumn , Givens Spencer , Chen Cristine , Holdridge David R. , Hadziabdic Denita 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThousand cankers disease of Juglans (walnut) and Pterocarya (wingnut) spp. (Fagales: Juglandaceae) is caused by the fungal pathogen Geosmithia morbida Kolarík, Freeland, Utley, and Tisserat (Hypocreales: Bionectriaceae) and bark beetle pest/vector, Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). To further the development of biological management strategies for thousand cankers disease, we assessed the ability of 14 endophytic Trichoderma (Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae) isolates and the commercially available isolate T. afroharzianum strain KRL-AG2 to inhibit the in vitro growth of three different G. morbida isolates via mycoparasitism and antibiosis. To identify factors that may affect field success of candidate biological control agents, we quantified the growth responses of Trichoderma spp. and the commercially available entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) strain GHA, to the plant secondary metabolite and antimicrobial compound, juglone in vitro. A total of 12 Trichoderma isolates (from six different Trichoderma species) demonstrated antagonistic activity towards G. morbida in dual-plate assays. Juglone consistently reduced the growth of B. bassiana strain GHA and 14 of the 15 screened Trichoderma isolates in vitro. Additionally, one metabolite-producing Trichoderma isolate, TN4-47, completely inhibited the growth of all three G. morbida isolates across all tested metabolite concentrations and had comparatively greater tolerance to juglone compared to other Trichoderma isolates. Future lines of research should focus on characterizing the active antagonistic compound present in the metabolite filtrates, determine the mode of action of the active component(s), and elucidate how abiotic and biotic factors may influence the growth, persistence, and antagonistic activity of candidate biological control agents in planta.