bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome of pregnancies in women receiving velaglucerase alfa for Gaucher disease
Authors: Elstein Deborah , Hughes Derralynn , Goker‐Alpan Ozlem , Stivel Miriam , Baris Hagit N. , Cohen Ian J. , Granovsky‐Grisaru Sorina , Samueloff Arnon , Mehta Atul , Zimran Ari 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAimPregnancy and delivery are affected by and – in turn – impact signs and symptoms of Gaucher disease (GD). Prior to enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), the reported missed abortions rate was 25%, with worsening of anemia and thrombocytopenia, with increased frequency of post‐partum hemorrhage, puerperal fever and bone crises during pregnancy. ERT with imiglucerase reduced these adverse events. Velaglucerase alfa (VPRIV), an ERT approved commercially in February 2010, had undergone preclinical reproductive toxicity testing and proven to be safe and effective in phase I/II and III clinical trials. The objective of this study was to ascertain pregnancy outcome in women receiving VPRIV.MethodsAmong records collected from six multinational clinical sites, 21 females (mean age, 32.0 years) with GD received VPRIV.ResultsThere were 25 singleton pregnancies (mean gravidity, 2.7; mean parity, 2.0; mean months VPRIV, 31.2). Two primiparous women suffered three first trimester abortions and one missed abortion occurred in a multigravida female. Live birth rate was 84% (mean gestational age, 39.7 weeks). Mean birthweight was 3234.4 g, with APGAR scores above 9. All but three were vaginal deliveries; elective cesarean sections were performed in two patients with hip arthroplasty and one after previous cesarean. Nine patients received regional analgesia/anesthesia. Post‐partum complications were rare, with only one post‐partum (placental) bleed which resolved without intervention. Mean hemoglobin and platelet counts improved during pregnancy (9.45% and 26.0%, respectively).ConclusionVPRIV is safe for conception and pregnancy with good maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Transvaginal mesh repair for pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Jiang Guojing , Yan Bin , Wang Yu , Ma Qingliang 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAimWe compared outcomes for traditional vaginal surgery with uterosacral ligament suspension (USLS) versus transvaginal mesh repair of pelvic organ prolapse (POP).MethodsWe performed a retrospective chart review of pelvic organ prolapse cases that occurred between February 2007 and December 2011. Success rates for traditional vaginal repair plus USLS and transvaginal mesh repair were determined.ResultsAs compared with traditional surgery (n = 81), using mesh (n = 90) for stage III or IV prolapse resulted in higher rates of successful treatment. However, mesh repair also resulted in increased intraoperative blood loss and postoperative adverse events, such as pain and dyspareunia.ConclusionTraditional vaginal repair plus USLS was an improvement on traditional surgery, resulting in a higher anatomical success rate. On the other hand, both intraoperative and postoperative complications in mesh repair could be reduced by protective factors such as the surgeon's experience.
Isotonic resistance jaw exercise alters jaw muscle coordination during jaw movements
Authors: Wirianski A. , Deall S. , Whittle T. , Wong M. , Murray G. M. , Peck C. C. 
Published: February 2014

SummaryThe aim was to investigate the effects of isotonic resistance exercise on the electro‐myographic (EMG) activity of the jaw muscles during standardised jaw movements. In 12 asymptomatic adults surface EMG activity was recorded from the anterior temporalis and masseter muscles bilaterally and the right anterior digastric muscle during right lateral jaw movements that tracked a target. Participants were randomly assigned to a Control group or an Exercise group. Jaw movement and EMG activity were collected (i) at baseline, before the exercise task (pre‐exercise); (ii) immediately after the exercise task (isotonic resistance at 60% MVC against right lateral jaw movements); (iii) after 4 weeks of a home‐based exercise programme; and, (iv) at 8‐weeks follow‐up. There were no significant within‐subject or between‐group differences in the velocity and amplitude of the right lateral jaw movements either within or between data collection sessions (P > 0·05). However, over the 8 weeks of the study, three of the tested EMG variables (EMG Duration, Time to Peak EMG from EMG Onset, and Time to Peak EMG activity relative to Movement Onset) showed significant (P < 0·05) differences in the five tested muscles. Many of the significant changes occurred in the Control group, while the Exercise group tended to maintain the majority of the tested variables at pre‐exercise baseline values. The data suggest a level of variability between recording sessions in the recruitment patterns of some of the muscles of mastication for the production of the same right lateral jaw movement and that isotonic resistance exercise may reduce this variability.
How ABBA may help improve neonatal resuscitation training: Auditory prompts to enable coordination of manual inflations and chest compressions
Authors: Roehr Charles Christoph , Schmölzer Georg M , Thio Marta , Dawson Jennifer A , Dold Simone Katrin , Schmalisch Gerd , Davis Peter G 
Published: February 2014

AimResuscitation guidelines recommend 90 chest compressions (CCs) and 30 inflations (INFs) per minute for neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (nCPR). We hypothesised that auditory prompts would help coordinate these actions. Our aim was to investigate the effect of musical prompts during nCPR training on adherence to recommended CC and INF rates and on the quality of delivered INFs.MethodsA simulation study was conducted employing 30 experienced neonatal staff, a respiratory function monitor and a neonatal manikin. The effects of five different auditory prompts on adherence to recommended rates of CC and INF were tested against baseline (no music). The five auditory prompts (popular musical tunes) were investigated in random order. Quality of INFs was assessed by comparing the peak inflation pressures (PIP), positive end‐expiratory pressures (PEEP), percentage mask leak and tidal volumes (VT).ResultsMean baseline rates at which CCs and INFs were delivered were 80 (SD 6) per minute and 28 (SD 2) per minute, respectively. Listening to auditory prompts had varying effects on CC and INF delivery rates. For CCs, a significant difference to baseline was found only when participants listened to ABBA's ‘SOS’, with 86 (SD 7) per minute (P = 0.04). For INFs, we found a statistically significant improvement to baseline rate only for ‘SOS’, with 29 (SD 2) per minute (P = 0.04), and there was no significant difference in INF quality among the auditory prompts.ConclusionsMusical prompts can help with adherence to recommended CC and INF rates but do not improve the quality of INFs during nCPR training. The lasting effect of auditory prompts as musical mnemonics on nCPR performance in vivo needs to be established.
An increase in melatonin in transgenic rice causes pleiotropic phenotypes, including enhanced seedling growth, delayed flowering, and low grain yield
Authors: Byeon Yeong , Back Kyoungwhan 
Published: February 2014

AbstractNo previous reports have described the effects of an increase in endogenous melatonin levels on plant yield and reproduction. Here, the phenotypes of melatonin‐rich transgenic rice plants overexpressing sheep serotonin N‐acetyltransferase were investigated under field conditions. Early seedling growth of melatonin‐rich transgenic rice was greatly accelerated, with enhanced biomass relative to the wild type (WT). However, flowering was delayed by 1 wk in the transgenic lines compared with the WT. Grain yields of the melatonin‐rich transgenic lines were reduced by 33% on average. Other phenotypes also varied among the transgenic lines. For example, the transgenic line S1 exhibited greater height and biomass than the WT, while the S10 transgenic line showed diminished height and an increase in panicle numbers per plant. The expression levels of Oryza sativa homeobox1 (OSH1) and TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 (TB1) genes, two key regulators of meristem initiation and maintenance, were not altered in the transgenic lines. These data demonstrate that an alteration of endogenous melatonin levels leads to pleiotropic effects such as height, biomass, panicle number, flowering time, and grain yield, indicating that melatonin behaves as a signaling molecule in plant growth and reproduction.
Tadalafil Effect on Metabolic Syndrome-Associated Bladder Alterations: An Experimental Study in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Vignozzi Linda , Filippi Sandra , Comeglio Paolo , Cellai Ilaria , Morelli Annamaria , Maneschi Elena , Sarchielli Erica , Gacci Mauro , Carini Marco , Vannelli Gabriella Barbara , Maggi Mario 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Introduction
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are often associated. Bladder detrusor hyper-contractility—a major LUTS determinant—is characterized by increased Ras homolog gene family, member A/Rho-associated protein kinase (RhoA/ROCK) signaling, which is often upregulated in MetS.

Aim
This study investigated the effects of tadalafil dosing on RhoA/ROCK signaling in bladder, in a rabbit model of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced MetS.

Methods
Adult male rabbits feeding a HFD for 12 weeks. A subset of HFD animals was treated with tadalafil (2 mg/kg/day, 1 week: the last of the 12 weeks) and compared with HFD and control (feeding a regular diet) rabbits.

Main Outcome Measures
In vitro contractility studies to evaluate the relaxant effect of the selective ROCK inhibitor, Y-27632, in carbachol precontracted bladder strips. Evaluation of RhoA activation by its membrane translocation. Immunohistochemistry for ROCK expression has been performed to evaluate ROCK expression in bladder from the different experimental groups. mRNA expression of inflammation, pro-fibrotic markers by quantitative RT-PCR has been performed to evaluate the effect of tadalafil on MetS-induced inflammation and fibrosis within the bladder. The in vitro effect of tadalafil on RhoA/ROCK signaling in bladder smooth muscle cells was evaluated by using chemotaxis assay.

Results
Bladder strips from HFD rabbits showed hyper-responsiveness to Y-27632, indicating RhoA/ROCK overactivity in HFD bladder compared with matched controls. Accordingly, the fraction of activated (translocated to the membrane) RhoA as well as ROCK expression are increased in HFD bladder. Tadalafil dosing normalized HFD-induced bladder hypersensitivity to Y-27632, by reducing RhoA membrane translocation and ROCK overexpression. Tadalafil dosing reduced mRNA expression of inflammatory, pro-fibrotic, and hypoxia markers. A direct inhibitory effect of tadalafil on RhoA/ROCK signaling in bladder smooth muscle cell was demonstrated by using chemotaxis assay. Pre-treatment with tadalafil inhibited both basal and PDGF-induced migration of bladder smooth muscle cells.

Conclusions
Tadalafil dosing reduced RhoA/ROCK signaling and smooth muscle overactivity in an animal model of MetS-associated bladder alterations. Our findings suggest a novel mechanism of action of tadalafil in alleviating LUTS in MetS patients.
Sexual Function, Relationship Adjustment, and the Relational Impact of Pain in Male Partners of Women with Provoked Vulvar Pain
Authors: Smith Kelly B. , Pukall Caroline F. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Introduction
Despite the impact of provoked vulvar pain on women's sexuality and the partnered sexual context in which the pain typically occurs, partners have not been included widely in research.

Aims
To examine sexual and relationship functioning of male partners of women with provoked vulvar pain symptoms using a controlled design and to assess the impact of the pain on their relationship.

Methods
Fifty male pain partners and 56 male controls completed questionnaires to assess sexual communication, sexual functioning/satisfaction, sexual esteem, relationship adjustment, and psychological health. Participants also completed numeric rating scales to assess the importance of sex to them and the extent to which they felt their relationship matched a satisfying relationship. To assess the relational impact of vulvar pain, pain partners were asked to indicate whether the pain had impacted their relationship, and, if yes, rated this impact.

Main Outcome Measures
Main outcome measures included the Dyadic Sexual Communication Scale, the International Index of Erectile Function, the Sexuality Scale, the Dyadic Adjustment Scale, the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey, and numeric rating scales.

Results
Pain partners reported significantly poorer sexual communication and erectile function and less sexual satisfaction compared with controls. They also reported significantly less affectional expression within their relationships and were more likely than controls to report a discrepancy between their relationship and their idea of a satisfying relationship. Almost 73% (n = 32/44) of pain partners reported a negative relational impact of vulvar pain. No significant differences in sexual desire, orgasmic function, sexual esteem, relationship satisfaction and consensus, psychological health, or importance of sex were found between groups.

Conclusions
Provoked vulvar pain partners appear negatively impacted with regard to some sexual and physical aspects of their relationship. As one of the few controlled studies to investigate partner functioning in the context of provoked vulvar pain, this study has future research implications and supports the involvement of partners in treatment.
Sutter's Mill dicarboxylic acids as possible tracers of parent‐body alteration processes
Authors: Pizzarello Sandra , Garvie Laurence A. J. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractDicarboxylic acids were searched for in three Sutter's Mill (SM) fragments (SM2 collected prerain, SM12, and SM41) and found to occur almost exclusively as linear species of 3‐ to 14‐carbon long. Between these, concentrations were low, with measured quantities typically less than 10 nmole g−1 of meteorite and a maximum of 6.8 nmole g−1 of meteorite for suberic acid in SM12. The SM acids' molecular distribution is consistent with a nonbiological origin and differs from those of CMs, such as Murchison or Murray, and of some stones of the C2‐ungrouped Tagish Lake meteorite, where they are abundant and varied. Powder X‐ray diffraction of SM12 and SM41 show them to be dominated by clays/amorphous material, with lesser amounts of Fe‐sulfides, magnetite, and calcite. Thermal gravimetric (TG) analysis shows mass losses up to 1000 °C of 11.4% (SM12) and 9.4% (SM41). These losses are low compared with other clay‐rich carbonaceous chondrites, such as Murchison (14.5%) and Orgueil (21.1%). The TG data are indicative of partially dehydrated clays, in accordance with published work on SM2, for which mineralogical studies suggest asteroidal heating to around 500 °C. In view of these compositional traits and mineralogical features, it is suggested that the dicarboxylic acids observed in the SM fragments we analyzed likely represent a combination of molecular species original to the meteorite as well as secondary products formed during parent‐body alteration processes, such as asteroidal heating.
Transcription Factor Runx2 in the Low Bone Mineral Density of Girls with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Wang Wei‐jun , Sun Chao , Liu Zhen , Sun Xu , Zhu Feng , Zhu Ze‐zhang , Qiu Yong 
Published: February 2014

ObjectiveThe molecular mechanism of low bone mass in girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) has not been ascertained. Runx2 is a critical transcription factor regulating osteoblast differentiation and maturation. The present study aimed to explore the possible relationship between Runx2 expression in osteoblasts and bone mineral density (BMD) in subjects with AIS.MethodsTwenty‐two girls with AIS scheduled to corrective surgery with iliac crest as donor site of autograft for spinal fusion were recruited. The BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck were assessed by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry, then patients were divided into two groups with either normal or reduced BMD. Cancellous bone was harvested from their iliac crests for primary culture of osteoblasts. mRNA and protein expression of Runx2 were assayed by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. Results were compared between the two groups and correlated with BMD.ResultsAIS patients with normal BMD showed comparable maturity and body mass index but significant lower Cobb angle of main curve than those of patients with reduced BMD. The mean BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck were 0.993 g/m2 and 0.911 g/m2 in patients with normal BMD, and were 0.757 g/m2 and 0.733 g/m2 in those with reduced BMD, respectively. The differences were significant between two groups (P < 0.05). The relative mean mRNA and protein expression of Runx2 were 0.49 ± 0.12 and 0.062 ± 0.020 in AIS with normal BMD, 0.35 ± 0.12 and 0.042 ± 0.006 in AIS with reduced BMD, respectively. Significantly lower Runx2 mRNA and protein expression were found in patients with AIS patients with reduced BMD than in those with normal BMD (P < 0.05). After controlling for age, weight and body mass index, positive correlations were found between Runx2 expression of both mRNA and protein and BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck.ConclusionThe abnormal expression of Runx2 in patients with AIS and reduced BMD indicates abnormal regulation of differentiation of their osteoblasts. Runx2 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of reduced BMD in patients with AIS.
Breaking the glass ceiling: an interview with Dr. Shirley Graves, a pioneering woman in medicine
Authors: Ahmed Zulfiqar , Mai Christine L. , Elder Badrea , Rodriguez Samuel , Yaster Myron 
Published: February 2014

SummaryShirley Graves M.D., D.Sc. (honorary) (1936), Professor Emeritus of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics at the University of Florida, was one of the most influential women in medicine in the 1960 and 1970s, a time when the medical profession was overwhelmingly male‐dominated. In today's society, it is hard to believe that only 50 years ago, women were scarce in the field of medicine. Yet Dr. Graves was a pioneer in the fields of pediatric anesthesia and pediatric critical care medicine. She identifies her development of the pediatric intensive care unit and her leadership in the Division of Pediatric Anesthesia at the University of Florida as her defining contributions. Through her journal articles, book chapters, national and international lectures, and leadership in the American Society of Anesthesiology and the Florida Society of Anesthesiology, she inspired a generation of men and women physicians to conquer the unthinkable and break through the glass ceiling.
Heart rate variability in unmedicated patients with bipolar disorder in the manic phase
Authors: Chang Hsin‐An , Chang Chuan‐Chia , Tzeng Nian‐Sheng , Kuo Terry B. J. , Lu Ru‐Band , Huang San‐Yuan 
Published: February 2014

AimsDecreased heart rate variability (HRV) has been proposed in bipolar disorder. To date, there has been no adequate study that has investigated resting HRV in unmedicated patients with bipolar disorder in the manic state.MethodsTo examine whether bipolar mania is associated with decreased HRV, 61 unmedicated patients with bipolar mania and 183 healthy volunteers aged 20–65 years were recruited for this case–control analysis. The Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Clinical Global Impression‐Severity, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM‐D), and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM‐A) were used for the clinical ratings. Cardiac autonomic function was evaluated by measuring HRV parameters and the frequency‐domain indices of HRV were obtained.ResultsPatients with bipolar mania exhibited significantly lower mean RR interval, variance, low‐frequency (LF)‐HRV, and high‐frequency (HF)‐HRV but higher LF/HF compared to controls. Decreased HRV (variance) was associated with the YMRS total scores. Both the YMRS total scores and the Clinical Global Impression‐Severity scores were positively correlated with the LH/HF ratio and inversely correlated with the HF‐HRV. There was no significant correlation between the HAM‐D/HAM‐A scores and any HRV parameter.ConclusionsBipolar mania is associated with cardiac autonomic dysregulation, highlighting the importance of assessing HRV in manic patients. Further studies examining the influence of anti‐manic psychotropic drugs on cardiac autonomic regulation in bipolar mania are needed.
Severity of Cutaneous Findings Predict the Presence of Systemic Symptoms in Pediatric Maculopapular Cutaneous Mastocytosis
Authors: Barnes Meredith , Van Livia , DeLong Laura , Lawley Leslie P. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAlthough the prognosis of maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis (MPCM), also referred to as urticaria pigmentosa, is often benign, clinicians lack evidence to reliably predict those at risk of associated systemic manifestations. We sought to elucidate clinical markers of disease severity to provide better treatment and prognostic information for individuals with MPCM. A retrospective chart review querying characteristics of children diagnosed with MPCM in the Emory Dermatology Clinic was performed. Follow‐up was obtained through a clinical encounter or telephone interview. Linear regression was used to determine predictors of the number of MPCM‐related systemic symptoms. Of 67 subjects, 57% were male, and the mean age of onset was 4.5 months. The maximum number of MPCM lesions was 1 to 10 in 16%, 11 to 30 in 33%, 31 to 50 in 25%, 51 to 100 in 6%, and more than 100 in 20% of subjects. For their MPCM lesions, 46% of subjects reported itching, 34% flushing, and 25% blistering. Reported systemic symptoms included diarrhea (22%), abdominal pain (15%), wheezing or dyspnea (13%), vomiting (10%), bone pain (10%), headaches (8%), cough (10%), rhinorrhea (8%), irritability (6%), and anaphylaxis (1.5%). In a multivariate linear regression analysis, the maximum number of MPCM lesions (p = 0.02) and the number of skin symptoms (p < 0.01) were statistically significant predictors of the number of systemic symptoms, controlling for age of onset, body sites involved, and sex. The correlation between cutaneous findings and symptomatology could aid clinicians in identifying individuals with MPCM who might warrant systemic evaluation and therapy.
Population‐Focused Nursing: Advocacy for Vulnerable Populations in an RN‐BSN Program
Authors: Jones Melissa , Smith Paul 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to describe an innovative learning activity for online RN‐BSN students designed to foster advocacy for vulnerable populations. The Vulnerable Population Advocacy Assignment, included as a component of the online Population‐Focused Nursing class, provides students with the opportunity to identify and develop an awareness of issues impacting vulnerable populations and to advocate for policy changes that will influence the health of individuals, families, and populations. RN‐BSN students build on previous knowledge and skills in professional communication and advocacy as they develop a policy statement designed to address health disparities impacting local, national, and global populations.