bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An analytical solution of direction evolution of crack growth during progressive failure in brittle rocks
Authors: Li Xiaozhao , Li Lianjie , Yan Fayuan , Qi Chengzhi , Guzev Mikhail A. , Kozhevnikov Evgenii V. , Kunitskikh Artem A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMicrocrack growth during progressive compressive failure in brittle rocks strongly influences the safety of deep underground engineering. The external shear stress τxy on brittle rocks greatly affects microcrack growth and progressive failure. However, the theoretical mechanism of the growth direction evolution of the newly generated wing crack during progressive failure has rarely been studied. A novel analytical method is proposed to evaluate the shear stress effect on the progressive compressive failure and microcrack growth direction in brittle rocks. This model consists of the wing crack growth model under the principal compressive stresses, the direction correlation of the general stress, the principal stress and the initial microcrack inclination, and the relationship between the wing crack length and strain. The shear stress effect on the relationship between y‐direction stress and wing crack growth and the relationship between y‐direction stress and y‐direction strain are analyzed. The shear stress effect on the wing crack growth direction during the progressive compressive failure is determined. The initial crack angle effect on the y‐direction peak stress and the wing crack growth direction during the progressive compressive failure considering shear stress is also discussed. A crucial conclusion is that the direction of wing crack growth has a U‐shaped variation with the growth of the wing crack. The rationality of the analytical results is verified by an experiment and from numerical results. The study results provide theoretical support for the evaluation of the safety and stability of surrounding rocks in deep underground engineering.
Peripartum heart failure in Finland: A population‐based record linkage study
Authors: Puhakka Antti M. , Macharey Georg , Ziller Volker , Gissler Mika , Tekay Aydin , Keil Corinna , Hilfiker‐Kleiner Denise 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsHeart failure in late pregnancy and the postpartum period (HFPP) is a rare but potentially life‐threatening condition, with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) being the most common subtype. This study aims to comprehensively investigate the prevalence of HFPP in the Finnish population and identify the underlying risk factors associated with its occurrence.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis using data from the Finnish Medical Birth Register and the Finnish Care Register for Health Care, covering 1996 to 2021. The dataset comprised 1 387 457 deliveries. HFPP cases were identified based on specific ICD‐10 codes. To ensure the accuracy of our findings, we excluded cases with pre‐existing cardiomyopathies and other significant cardiac diseases diagnosed before pregnancy. We employed logistic regression models to evaluate the associations between maternal factors and the incidence of HFPP.ResultsWe identified 159 cases of HFPP, resulting in an incidence rate of 11.5 per 100 000 deliveries. This incidence is comparable with rates reported in other Scandinavian countries and lower than those observed in Germany. Consistent with findings from European cohorts, our study confirmed that pregnancy‐associated hypertensive disorders, particularly preeclampsia, as well as complications such as preterm delivery, twin pregnancy and elective caesarean section, are substantial risk factors for HFPP. These results support previous research linking angiogenic imbalance to the pathogenesis of PPCM.Significant risk factors for HFPP included maternal pre‐pregnancy body mass index ≥35 [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28–3.25, P = 0.003], history of maternal hypertensive disorder (aOR 2.44, 95% CI 1.22–4.88, P = 0.012), gestational hypertension without significant proteinuria (aOR 2.14, 95% CI 1.27–3.61, P = 0.004), preeclampsia (aOR 2.43, 95% CI 1.39–4.23, P = 0.002), type 1 or type 2 diabetes (aOR 3.27, 95% CI 1.66–6.45, P < 0.001) and twin pregnancy (aOR 2.74, 95% CI 1.37–5.49, P = 0.005). Additionally, extensive prepartum [odds ratio (OR) 2.86, 95% CI 1.18–6.98, P = 0.018] and postpartum blood loss (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.44–5.02, P = 0.001) and maternal mental disorders (OR 7.39, 95% CI 4.10–13.31, P < 0.001) were significantly more common among HFPP patients.ConclusionsThe incidence of HFPP among women in Finland from 1996 to 2021 was low. HFPP exhibited a strong association with several risk factors, including preeclampsia, obesity, preterm delivery, twin pregnancy, elective caesarean section, multifoetal births, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, significant prepartum and postpartum blood loss and maternal mental health disorders. These findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions and careful monitoring in high‐risk groups to mitigate the impact of HFPP on maternal health.
Silver/Segphos‐Catalyzed Asymmetric 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition for the Enantioselective Synthesis of Pyrrolidine Spirooxindoles
Authors: Ma Yangmin , Dang Gege , Qi Simeng , Zhang Xuemei , Sun Zhaoyang , Miao Xia , Ma Siyue , Zhou Haojie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEnantioselective synthesis of chiral heterocyclic derivatives is an important and challenging topic in the field of synthetic chemistry. In this work, a silver‐catalyzed asymmetric 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of glycine iminoesters with 3‐isopropylidene‐2‐oxindoles was developed. The DTBM‐Segphos‐induced spirooxindole cycloaddition reaction was used to synthesize a range of stereodivergent alkyl‐substituted 3‐methylene‐2‐oxindoles, achieving excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee), good diastereoselectivities (up to 20 : 1 dr), and high yields under mild reaction conditions. Computational insights from DFT calculations indicate that the Michael addition step is crucial in determining the reaction rate and enantioselectivity.
Complexity organization of resting‐state functional‐MRI networks
Authors: Trevino Gabriel , Lee John J. , Shimony Joshua S. , Luckett Patrick H. , Leuthardt Eric C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEntropy measures are increasingly being used to analyze the structure of neural activity observed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), with resting‐state networks (RSNs) being of interest for their reproducible descriptions of the brain's functional architecture. Temporal correlations have shown a dichotomy among these networks: those that engage with the environment, known as extrinsic, which include the visual and sensorimotor networks; and those associated with executive control and self‐referencing, known as intrinsic, which include the default mode network and the frontoparietal control network. While these inter‐voxel temporal correlations enable the assessment of synchrony among the components of individual networks, entropic measures introduce an intra‐voxel assessment that quantifies signal features encoded within each blood oxygen level‐dependent (BOLD) time series. As a result, this framework offers insights into comprehending the representation and processing of information within fMRI signals. Multiscale entropy (MSE) has been proposed as a useful measure for characterizing the entropy of neural activity across different temporal scales. This measure of temporal entropy in BOLD data is dependent on the length of the time series; thus, high‐quality data with fine‐grained temporal resolution and a sufficient number of time frames is needed to improve entropy precision. We apply MSE to the Midnight Scan Club, a highly sampled and well‐characterized publicly available dataset, to analyze the entropy distribution of RSNs and evaluate its ability to distinguish between different functional networks. Entropy profiles are compared across temporal scales and RSNs. Our results have shown that the spatial distribution of entropy at infra‐slow frequencies (0.005–0.1 Hz) reproduces known parcellations of RSNs. We found a complexity hierarchy between intrinsic and extrinsic RSNs, with intrinsic networks robustly exhibiting higher entropy than extrinsic networks. Finally, we found new evidence that the topography of entropy in the posterior cerebellum exhibits high levels of entropy comparable to that of intrinsic RSNs.
Attentional demands in the visual field modulate audiovisual interactions in the temporal domain
Authors: Yilmaz Seyma Koc , Kafaligonul Hulusi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAttention and crossmodal interactions are closely linked through a complex interplay at different stages of sensory processing. Within the context of motion perception, previous research revealed that attentional demands alter audiovisual interactions in the temporal domain. In the present study, we aimed to understand the neurophysiological correlates of these attentional modulations. We utilized an audiovisual motion paradigm that elicits auditory time interval effects on perceived visual speed. The audiovisual interactions in the temporal domain were quantified by changes in perceived visual speed across different auditory time intervals. We manipulated attentional demands in the visual field by having a secondary task on a stationary object (i.e., single‐ vs. dual‐task conditions). When the attentional demands were high (i.e., dual‐task condition), there was a significant decrease in the effects of auditory time interval on perceived visual speed, suggesting a reduction in audiovisual interactions. Moreover, we found significant differences in both early and late neural activities elicited by visual stimuli across task conditions (single vs. dual), reflecting an overall increase in attentional demands in the visual field. Consistent with the changes in perceived visual speed, the audiovisual interactions in neural signals declined in the late positive component range. Compared with the findings from previous studies using different paradigms, our findings support the view that attentional modulations of crossmodal interactions are not unitary and depend on task‐specific components. They also have important implications for motion processing and speed estimation in daily life situations where sensory relevance and attentional demands constantly change.
Bridging human resource development processes through generative Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Korzynski Pawel , Kim Sewon , Egan Toby 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis editorial article examines how generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) can bridge various human resource development (HRD) processes. As GAI adoption increases in human resources practices, understanding its potential to integrate different HRD activities becomes more important. The article reviews recent literature on Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in HRD and explores GAI‐enabled links between key HRD processes. The linkages include data‐driven decision‐making, real‐time skill gap analysis, job crafting with GAI, GAI‐supported personalized development plans, GAI‐powered employee sentiment analysis, GAI chatbots, GAI‐enabled virtual reality simulations, and GAI‐supported social network analysis in talent and organization development contexts. By highlighting these GAI‐enabled interconnections, the article provides insights into a more integrated approach to HRD. It also discusses implications for HRD practitioners and researchers, analyzing specific applications of GAI in HRD and recommending future research.
Phyllodienbildende Zanthoxylum‐Sippen in Cuba I. Zanthoxylum phyllopterum und Z. rolandii (Fam. Rutaceae)
Authors: Beurton Christa 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen der Bearbeitung der Gattung Zanthoxylum für die neue Flora von Cuba werden zunächet die phyllodienbildenden Arten untersucht. Im vorliegenden ersten Teil werden zwei edaphisch vikariante Arien vorgestellt: Z. phyllopterum (Griseb.) Wright in Sauv. und Z. rolandii Beurton sp. nov.Morphologie, Verbreitung und edaphische Ansprüche von Z. phyllopterum werden präzisiert und aus dem Wrigut'schen Typusmaterial resultierende Probleme werden kommentiert.Eine neue Zanthoxylum‐Art, Z. rolandii, als Endemit des Serpentingebietes von Cajálbana aus der Provinz. Pinar del Rio (West‐Cuba) wird beschrieben.
Fruktifikationsversuche mit Reinkulturen von Basidiomyceten aus Cuba als Hilfsmittel zu deren Bestimmung
Authors: Hübsch Peter 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungEs wird über die Kultivierung unbestimmter Reinkulturen von Basidiomyceten aus Cuba berichtet. Myzelien wurden in 500 und 5000 ml‐Gefäβen auf Holzsubstrat herangezogen, um Fruchtkörper zu ihrer Bestimmung zu erhalten. Folgende Arten fruktifi‐zierten und konnten bestimmt werden: Coprinus clastophyllus = Rhacophyllus lilacinus, Dictyopanus pusillus, Favolas brasiliensis, Heterobasidion annosum, Nidularia spec., Oudemansiella canarii, Panus crinitus, Pleurotus hirtus und Pycnoporus sanguineus. Coprinus clastophyllus ist Erstfund für Cuba.
Lectotypification of some Angiosperm genera endemic to West Africa
Authors: Nyananyo Bio L. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThe lectotypification of seven Angiosperm genera endemic to West Africa: Globulostylis Wernham, Glossocalyx Bentham, Malacantha Pierre, Omphalocarpum Beauvois, Scyphocephaliurn Warburg, Smeathmannia (Solander) R. Brown, and Syntriandrum Engler is presented.
Habitat types and plant communities along a transect in the Nile Delta Region
Authors: Shaltout K. H. , El‐Din A. Sharaf 
Published: August 2024

SummarySeven habitat types and 19 plant communities have been recognized along 208 km NW‐SE transect traversing the Nile Delta region (Cairo–Alexandria agricultural road). The ecological amplitudes of the leading dominant species along gradient of the edaphic factors are discussed.
Evolution of the vascular system of the flower with inferior ovary of axial nature in Cactaceae
Authors: Volgin S. A. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThe investigation of the vascular anatomy of the flower in 20 representatives of the tribe Rhipsalideae DC. emend. Volgin (Cactaceae — Ccreoideae) has led to the determination of the homologies of parts in the floral vascular system in higher and primitive Cactaceae. The main trends in the evolution of both the ascending and descending systems of receptacular bundles and of the subdivisions of the latter have been revealed. With the evolutionary trends common to all groups also the specific ones exist in the separate clades of Rhipsalideae confirming the correctness of the previously suggested system of the tribe (Volgin 1986). It has been shown that in the process of evolution the appearence of flowers with inferior ovary of axial nature is possible, the vascular system of which does not retain the vestiges of axial nature of the ovary wall.
Nadel‐ und Laubholzreste aus miozänen Hornsteinen von Lipniee, ČSSR
Authors: Březinová Drahomira , Süss Herbert 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungIn den miozänen Hornsteinen von Lipnice (ČSSR) konnten Holzreste von Taxodioxylon gypsaceum, Pinuxylon sp., Sassafrasoxylon lipnicense, ein nicht näher bestimmbares Laubhholz mit Rinde und Palmoxylon sp. nachgewiesen werden. Das Alter der Fossilien und die wahrscheinlichen Umstände, die zur Sedimentation und Fossilisation der Pflanzenreste führten, werden diskutiert.
KLF4‐induced upregulation of SOCS1 ameliorates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by attenuating AC16 cardiomyocyte damage and enhancing M2 macrophage polarization
Authors: Zhou Jiming , Luo Wei , Xie Zhong , Xia Chunchen , Zhao Junbi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractReperfusion strategies, the standard therapy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), may result in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage. Suppressor of cytokine signaling1 (SOCS1) exerts a cardioprotective function in myocardial I/R damage. Here, we investigated epigenetic modulators that deregulate SOCS1 in cardiomyocytes under hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) conditions. Human AC16 cardiomyocytes were exposed to H/R conditions to generate a cell model of myocardial I/R damage. Expression of mRNA and protein was detected by quantitative PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. Cell migratory and invasive abilities were evaluated by transwell assay. Cell apoptosis and M2 macrophage polarization were assessed by flow cytometry. TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 levels were examined by ELISA. The interaction of KLF4 with SOCS1 was verified by chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays. SOCS1 and transcription factor KLF4 protein levels were underexpressed by 75% and 57%, respectively, in H/R‐exposed AC16 cardiomyocytes versus control cells. Under H/R conditions, forced SOCS1 expression (2.7 times) induced cell migration (2.2 times) and invasion (1.9 times) and hindered cell apoptosis (by 45%) of AC16 cardiomyocytes as well as enhanced M2 macrophage polarization (4.6 times). Mechanistically, KLF4 upregulation promoted SOCS1 transcription (2.6 times) and expression (2.6 times) by binding to the SOCS1 promoter. Decrease of SOCS1 (by 51%) reversed the effects of KLF4 upregulation on cardiomyocyte migration, invasion and apoptosis, and M2 macrophage polarization under H/R conditions. Additionally, SOCS1 and KLF4 were underexpressed by 56% and 63%, respectively, in AMI serum. Our study indicates that KLF4‐induced upregulation of SOCS1 can attenuate H/R‐triggered apoptosis of AC16 cardiomyocytes and enhance M2 macrophage polarization.
Serum trypsin as an early predictor of post‐endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis
Authors: Tamura Takashi , Ashida Reiko , Emori Tomoya , Itonoga Masahiro , Yamashita Yasunobu , Hatamaru Keiichi , Kawaji Yuki , Koutani Hiromu , Maekita Takao , Kitano Masayuki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundSerum amylase (AMY) levels measured 2–6 h after ERCP are a predictor of post‐ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). Trypsin is one of the pancreatic enzymes elevated in the development of PEP. The study assessed whether serum trypsin (TRY) can predict early‐stage PEP.MethodsThis prospective study included patients who underwent ERCP from June 2022 to May 2023. TRY, AMY, serum pancreatic AMY (P‐AMY), and serum lipase (LIP) levels were measured immediately after ERCP and 2 h later. The primary outcome was the diagnostic abilities of TRY levels measured immediately (0 h‐TRY) and 2 h after (2 h‐TRY) ERCP to predict PEP (compared with the other serum pancreatic enzymes).ResultsOf 130 patients analyzed, 18 developed PEP. The sensitivity and specificity of 0 h‐TRY were 83.3% and 69.6%, respectively, and those of 2 h‐TRY were 88.9% and 72.3%, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) for 0 h‐TRY was significantly higher than that for 0 h‐AMY (p = .006) and 0 h‐P‐AMY (p = .012), whereas the AUCs for 0 h‐TRY and 0 h‐LIP did not differ significantly (p = .563). The AUC for 2 h‐TRY for predicting PEP was significantly higher than that for 2 h‐AMY (p = .025), whereas there was no significant differences between the AUCs for 2 h‐TRY and 2 h‐P‐AMY(p = .146), or between those for 2 h‐TRY and 2 h‐LIP (p = .792). The median increase ratio (expressed as a ratio relative to baseline) in TRY was highest among all of serum pancreatic enzymes tested immediately after ERCP (5.35, 1.72, 1.94, and 4.44 for TRY, AMY, P‐AMY, and LIP, respectively).ConclusionMeasuring TRY immediately after ERCP is useful for the early prediction of PEP.
A comprehensive analysis of the impact of greenhouse gases, energy usage, institutional quality and globalization on health: A case study of selected developing nations
Authors: Guo Aijun , Ullah Obaid , Zeb Ali , Hussain Shujaat , Din Naeem Ud 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study inspects the health consequences of greenhouse gases, energy use, institutional quality and globalization for the 23 developing economies. Utilizing panel data from 2000 to 2022, various estimation techniques, including static models (pooled, fixed and random), the two‐step systemGeneralized Methods of Moments (GMM and Panel Auto Regressive Distributive Model (PARDL), are applied to investigate the short‐ and long‐term effects of greenhouse gases, energy use, institutional quality and globalization on health. Panel causality tests, Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) are employed to ensure robustness and causal linkage among variables. The results confirmed a positive association between health and its lag value. Institutional quality negatively influences health expenditure, while greenhouse gases, energy use and globalization exhibit an increasing effect on health expenditure. Life expectancy, institutional quality, energy use and globalization have favourable effects, while greenhouse gases negatively affect health outcomes. In Model 1, energy usage and health expenditures have two‐way causality, and green house gases and energy use in Model 2 have a bi‐directional causal linkage. All variables exhibit unidirectional causality, except globalization and institutional quality, as shown by the Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality test. The study complements the literature by stating that institutional quality is the key instrument for managing the negative consequences of the recent increase in globalization and energy use and their detrimental impact on health in developing economies.
Takayasu arteritis in an adolescent with untreated Crohn's disease: A case report
Authors: Solomon Viven , Fennell Jessica , Griffin Lindsay M. , Zeisler Bella 
Published: August 2024

AbstractExtraintestinal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) most frequently involve the joints, skin, and organs such as the liver and pancreas. Inflammation of the aorta is less commonly described in pediatrics, although it has been described in adults. We report a case of an adolescent female with Crohn's disease who presented with worsening diarrhea, vomiting, and weight loss, found to have aortitis on imaging. We review the pathogenesis and clinical features of Takayasu arteritis, as well as some of its similarities to IBD to raise awareness, as early detection of this less‐known extraintestinal manifestation has been associated with better outcomes.
Monitoring Sustainable Development Goals: Stepwise Benchmarking Approach
Authors: Srejović Ana Krstić , Stamenković Mladen , Vuksanović Nemanja 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTWe present a multiple criteria decision aiding approach to monitor countries' progress on Sustainable Development Goals indicators and obtain policy measures for improvement. We do it using stepwise benchmarking, a method that provides recommendations on a country level and potential direction for improvement by providing direct and ideal benchmarks, pointing out areas where improvements can be achieved. The results from stepwise benchmarking are based on the underlying outranking procedure. To show the effectiveness of the approach, we used ELECTRE III as the method to rank European countries on the progress on equality of educational opportunities and then applied stepwise benchmarking to provide policy recommendations. This approach has the potential to evaluate progress and propose improvements to all aspects of the Sustainable Development Agenda.