bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dendritic Cell–Based Immunotherapy in Patients With Resected Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: van ‘t Land Freek R. , Willemsen Marcella , Bezemer Koen , van der Burg Sjoerd H. , van den Bosch Thierry P.P. , Doukas Michail , Fellah Amine , Kolijn P. Martijn , Langerak Anton W. , Moskie Miranda , van der Oost Elise , Rozendaal Nina E.M. , Baart Sara J. , Aerts Joachim G.J.V. , van Eijck Casper H.J. 
Published: July 2024

PURPOSE Immunotherapies have shown limited responses in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Recently, we reported that dendritic cell (DC)–based immunotherapy induced T-cell responses against pancreatic cancer antigens. The primary objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of DC-based immunotherapy to prevent recurrence of disease. METHODS This was a single-center, open-label, single-arm, combined phase I/II trial. The primary end point was the 2-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate. A 2-year RFS rate of ≥60% was defined as a clinically meaningful improvement. We included patients with pancreatic cancer after resection and completion of standard-of-care (SOC) treatment without recurrent disease on cross-sectional imaging. Patients were treated with autologous DCs pulsed with an allogeneic mesothelioma tumor cell lysate, comprising antigens also expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients were included in the analysis of the primary end point (47% male, 53% female). The median age was 62 years (IQR, 55-68). Twenty-eight patients (74%) received five DC vaccinations and completed the study protocol. Three patients (8%) received four vaccinations, and seven patients (16%) received three vaccinations. After a median follow-up of 25.5 months, 26 patients (68%) had not developed recurrence of disease. The estimated 2-year RFS was 64%. Vaccination led to the enrichment of circulating activated CD4+ T cells and the detection of treatment-induced immune responses in vitro. T-cell receptor-sequencing analyses of a resected solitary lung metastasis showed influx of vaccine-specific T cells. CONCLUSION This study reached its primary end point of a 2-year RFS rate of ≥60% following pancreatectomy after SOC treatment and adjuvant DC-based immunotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer. These results warrant a future randomized trial.
Corticosterone and glucose are correlated and show similar response patterns to temperature and stress in a free-living bird
Authors: Millanes Paola M. , Pérez-Rodríguez Lorenzo , Rubalcaba Juan G. , Gil Diego , Jimeno Blanca 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Glucocorticoid (GC) hormones have traditionally been interpreted as indicators of stress, but the extent to which they provide information on physiological state remains debated. GCs are metabolic hormones that amongst other functions ensure increasing fuel (i.e. glucose) supply on the face of fluctuating energetic demands, a role often overlooked by ecological studies investigating the consequences of GC variation. Furthermore, because energy budget is limited, in natural contexts where multiple stimuli coexist, the organisms' ability to respond physiologically may be constrained when multiple triggers of metabolic responses overlap in time. Using free-living spotless starling (Sturnus unicolor) chicks, we experimentally tested whether two stimuli of different nature known to trigger a metabolic or GC response, respectively, cause a comparable increase in plasma GCs and glucose. We further tested whether response patterns differed when both stimuli occurred consecutively. We found that both experimental treatments caused increases in GCs and glucose of similar magnitude, suggesting that both variables fluctuate along with variation in energy expenditure, independently of the trigger. Exposure to the two stimuli occurring subsequently did not cause a difference in GC or glucose responses compared with exposure to a single stimulus, suggesting a limited capacity to respond to an additional stimulus during an ongoing acute response. Lastly, we found a positive and significant correlation between plasma GCs and glucose after the experimental treatments. Our results add to the increasing research on the role of energy expenditure on GC variation, by providing experimental evidence on the association between plasma GCs and energy metabolism.
The Effect of Financial Resources on Misconduct: Evidence from Lottery Ticket Sales
Authors: Frake Justin , Byun Heejung , Kim Jihyeon 
Published: July 2024

We investigate the influence of financial resources on a firm’s propensity for misconduct. Previous studies offer conflicting predictions regarding the relationship, and much of the empirical evidence suffers from issues like selection, measurement error, reverse causality, and omitted variable bias. Leveraging a difference-in-differences design, we first examine quasirandom fluctuations in retailers’ financial resources resulting from large windfalls from selling winning lottery tickets. Our results suggest that an increase in financial resources from selling a large winning lottery ticket reduces retailers’ tobacco sales to minors. Next, to rule in strain theory and to rule out alternative explanations, we leverage a second natural experiment, heterogeneity analysis, an alternate measure of misconduct, and an online randomized experiment. In doing so, we provide plausibly causal evidence on the relationship between a firm’s financial resources and its propensity for misconduct and provide potentially useful findings for policymakers and regulators. Funding: This work was supported by the Blake Family Fund for Ethics, Leadership, and Governance at Purdue University. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2023.17541 .
The Core outcome Clubfoot (CoCo) study: relapse, with poorer clinical and quality of life outcomes, affects 37% of idiopathic clubfoot patients
Authors: Gelfer Yael , Cavanagh Sean E. , Bridgens Anna , Ashby Elizabeth , Bouchard Maryse , Leo Donato G. , Eastwood Deborah M. 
Published: July 2024

AimsThere is a lack of high-quality research investigating outcomes of Ponseti-treated idiopathic clubfeet and correlation with relapse. This study assessed clinical and quality of life (QoL) outcomes using a standardized core outcome set (COS), comparing children with and without relapse.MethodsA total of 11 international centres participated in this institutional review board-approved observational study. Data including demographics, information regarding presentation, treatment, and details of subsequent relapse and management were collected between 1 June 2022 and 30 June 2023 from consecutive clinic patients who had a minimum five-year follow-up. The clubfoot COS incorporating 31 parameters was used. A regression model assessed relationships between baseline variables and outcomes (clinical/QoL).ResultsOverall, 293 patients (432 feet) with a median age of 89 months (interquartile range 72 to 113) were included. The relapse rate was 37%, with repeated relapse in 14%. Treatment considered a standard part of the Ponseti journey (recasting, repeat tenotomy, and tibialis anterior tendon transfer) was performed in 35% of cases, with soft-tissue release and osteotomies in 5% and 2% of cases, respectively. Predictors of relapse included duration of follow-up, higher initial Pirani score, and poor Evertor muscle activity. Relapse was associated with poorer outcomes.ConclusionThis is the first multicentre study using a standardized COS following clubfoot treatment. It distinguishes patients with and without relapse in terms of clinical outcomes and QoL, with poorer outcomes in the relapse group. This tool allows comparison of treatment methods and outcomes, facilitates information sharing, and sets family expectations. Predictors of relapse encourage us to create appropriate treatment pathways to reduce relapse and improve outcome.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(7):735–743.
Model-based analysis of the acute effects of transcutaneous magnetic spinal cord stimulation on micturition after spinal cord injury in humans
Authors: Fardadi Mahshid , Leiter J. C. , Lu Daniel C. , Iwasaki Tetsuya 
Published: July 2024

Aim
After spinal cord injuries (SCIs), patients may develop either detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) or urinary incontinence, depending on the level of the spinal injury. DSD and incontinence reflect the loss of coordinated neural control among the detrusor muscle, which increases bladder pressure to facilitate urination, and urethral sphincters and pelvic floor muscles, which control the bladder outlet to restrict or permit bladder emptying. Transcutaneous magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied to the spinal cord after SCI reduced DSD and incontinence. We defined, within a mathematical model, the minimum neuronal elements necessary to replicate neurogenic dysfunction of the bladder after a SCI and incorporated into this model the minimum additional neurophysiological features sufficient to replicate the improvements in bladder function associated with lumbar TMS of the spine in patients with SCI.

Methods
We created a computational model of the neural circuit of micturition based on Hodgkin-Huxley equations that replicated normal bladder function. We added interneurons and increased network complexity to reproduce dysfunctional micturition after SCI, and we increased the density and complexity of interactions of both inhibitory and excitatory lumbar spinal interneurons responsive to TMS to provide a more diverse set of spinal responses to intrinsic and extrinsic activation of spinal interneurons that remains after SCI.

Results
The model reproduced the re-emergence of a spinal voiding reflex after SCI. When we investigated the effect of monophasic and biphasic TMS at two frequencies applied at or below T10, the model replicated the improved coordination between detrusor and external urethral sphincter activity that has been observed clinically: low-frequency TMS (1 Hz) within the model normalized control of voiding after SCI, whereas high-frequency TMS (30 Hz) enhanced urine storage.

Conclusion
Neuroplasticity and increased complexity of interactions among lumbar interneurons, beyond what is necessary to simulate normal bladder function, must be present in order to replicate the effects of SCI on control of micturition, and both neuronal and network modifications of lumbar interneurons are essential to understand the mechanisms whereby TMS reduced bladder dysfunction after SCI.
Maternal death surveillance and response system evaluation in Makonde District, Zimbabwe, 2021
Authors: Makanyanga Tsitsi Brenda , Madzima Bernard , Mungati More , Chadambuka Addmore , Gombe Notion Tafara , Juru Tsitsi Patience , Umeokonkwo Chukwuma David , Tshimanga Mufuta 
Published: July 2024

Background
Maternal mortality is of global concern, almost 800 women die every day due to maternal complications. The maternal death surveillance and response (MDSR) system is one strategy designed to reduce maternal mortality. In 2021 Makonde District reported a maternal mortality ratio of 275 per 100 000 and only sixty-two percent of deaths recorded were audited. We evaluated the MDSR system in Makonde to assess its performance.

Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using the CDC guidelines for evaluating public health surveillance systems. An Interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 79 health workers involved in MDSR and healthcare facilities. All maternal death notification forms, weekly disease surveillance forms, and facility monthly summary forms were reviewed. We assessed health workers’ knowledge, usefulness and system attributes.

Results
We interviewed 79 health workers out of 211 workers involved in MDSR and 71 (89.9%) were nurses. The median years in service was 8 (IQR: 4–12). Overall health worker knowledge (77.2%) was good. Ninety-three percent of the deaths audited were of avoidable causes. Twelve out of the thirty-eight (31.6%) facilities were using electronic health records system. Feedback and documented shared information were evident at four facilities (21%) including the referral hospital. Nineteen (67.9%) out of 28 maternal death notification forms were completed within seven days and none were submitted to the PMD on time.

Conclusion
The MDSR system was acceptable and simple but not timely, stable and complete. Underutilization of the electronic health system, work load, poor documentation and data management impeded performance of the system. We recommended appointment of an MDSR focal person, sharing audit minutes and improved data management.
The relationship between the source of oral health information and dental caries: Findings from Child Dental Health Survey 2013 in England
Authors: Sofi-Mahmudi Ahmad 
Published: July 2024

Objective
To determine the magnitude and shape of the relationship between dental caries experience and the source of oral health information in England.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study using the Child Dental Health Survey 2013 in England. Using a negative binomial model, the relationship between the number of decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) of 12- and 15-year-old students and their primary source of oral health information was assessed. The sources of oral health information included parents, television, newspapers, the Internet, and social media. The adjusted model included age, sex, and the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD). R was used for data handling, analysis and reporting.

Results
Overall, 2,372 children were assessed (48.7% female, 48.6% 12-year-old). For the majority, the primary source of oral health information was their parents (89.5%) followed by the Internet (43.4%). Over nine-tenth of the participants had a DMFT = 0. The adjusted model showed that the prevalence rate of DMFT for the children whose primary source of information is their parents (0.45) or television (0.62) is lower than 1. The prevalence rate for the Internet (1.17) and social media (1.67) was higher than 1, but they were removed from the final model due to being non-statistically significant. Age and deprivation had a direct relationship with the prevalence rate of DMFT, meaning that 15-year-olds and children from more deprived areas had a higher prevalence rate of DMFT.

Conclusion
Children whose primary source of oral health information was their parents or television had a lower DMFT. On the contrary, using the Internet or social media as the source of oral health information was associated with higher caries experience among schoolchildren.
The association between ABO blood types and peripherally inserted central catheter-related venous thrombosis for patients with cancer: A retrospective 7-year single-center experience and meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Xiao-Hong , Xiao Yu , Tian Ren-Di 
Published: July 2024

Background
This meta-analysis evaluated the association of ABO blood type on central venous catheter-related thrombosis (CRT).

Methods
Data were derived from 8477 patients at Sichuan Cancer Hospital from January 2015 to December 2021 and articles previously published in Chinese and English databases. Data from our hospital were collected by reviewing electronic medical records. Searched databases included CNKI, VIP, Wan Fang, China Biomedical, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, and OVID (up to July 2023). All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0 and Revman 5.3. The Bonferroni method was used to adjust the α test level for reducing the risk of I errors in the multiple comparisons. A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Continuous variables were analyzed using a two-independent sample T test. The chi-squared test was used to analyze categorical data.

Results
A total of 818 studies were identified in the search. However, only four studies met the inclusion criteria. Combined with data from our hospital, five studies were included with a total of 18407 cases. Those studies only focused on peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). According to the data from our hospital, logistic regression revealed that myelosuppression [odds ratio (OR), 1.473; P = 0.005) and radiotherapy(OR, 1.524; P<0.001) were independent risk factors for symptomatic PICC- VTE. Blood types A (OR, 1.404; P = 0.008), B (OR, 1.393; P = 0.016), and AB (OR, 1.861; P<0.001) were associated with a significantly higher risk of symptomatic PICC-VTE than blood type O. And the hematologic tumor has a significantly higher risk of PICC-VTE than breast cancer (OR, 0.149; P < 0.001), and gynecological tumor (OR, 0.386; P = 0.002). In the meta-analysis of the association between ABO blood type and PICC related thrombosis, the I2 statistic was not significant in any of the pairwise comparisons, and a fixed-effects model was subsequently used for all analyses. The meta-analysis indicated that the incidence of symptomatic PICC related thrombosis was significantly lower in individuals with the O blood type (3.30%) than in those with the A (4.92%), B (5.20%), or AB (6.58%) blood types (all P < 0.0083). However, in the pairwise comparisons among A, B, and AB, the differences were nonsignificant (P > 0.0083).

Conclusions
According to the results from our single center analysis, we found that myelosuppression, radiotherapy, hematologic tumor, and non-O blood type were independent risk factors for symptomatic PICC related thrombosis. In the meta-analysis of further exploration of ABO blood type and PICC related thrombosis, we found that ABO blood type may influence PICC related thrombosis, and individuals with the O blood type had a lower risk of PICC related thrombosis than those with non-O blood type.
Risk factors for toxoplasmosis in people living with HIV in the Asia-Pacific region
Authors: Lee Ki Hyun , Jiamsakul Awachana , Kiertiburanakul Sasisopin , Borse Rohidas , Khol Vohith , Yunihastuti Evy , Azwa Iskandar , Somia I. Ketut Agus , Chaiwarith Romanee , Pham Thach Ngoc , Khusuwan Suwimon , Do Cuong Duy , Kumarasamy Nagalingeswaran , Gani Yasmin , Ditangco Rossana , Ng Oon Tek , Pujari Sanjay , Lee Man Po , Avihingsanon Anchalee , Chen Hsin-Pai , Zhang Fujie , Tanuma Junko , Ross Jeremy , Choi Jun Yong 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Toxoplasma gondii can cause symptomatic toxoplasmosis in immunodeficient hosts, including in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH), mainly because of the reactivation of latent infection. We assessed the prevalence of toxoplasmosis and its associated risk factors in PLWH in the Asia-Pacific region using data from the TREAT Asia Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Observational Database (TAHOD) of the International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) Asia-Pacific.

Methods
This study included both retrospective and prospective cases of toxoplasmosis reported between 1997 and 2020. A matched case-control method was employed, where PLWH diagnosed with toxoplasmosis (cases) were each matched to two PLWH without a toxoplasmosis diagnosis (controls) from the same site. Sites without toxoplasmosis were excluded. Risk factors for toxoplasmosis were analyzed using conditional logistic regression.

Results
A total of 269/9576 (2.8%) PLWH were diagnosed with toxoplasmosis in 19 TAHOD sites. Of these, 227 (84%) were reported retrospectively and 42 (16%) were prospective diagnoses after cohort enrollment. At the time of toxoplasmosis diagnosis, the median age was 33 years (interquartile range 28–38), and 80% participants were male, 75% were not on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Excluding 63 out of 269 people without CD4 values, 192 (93.2%) had CD4 ≤200 cells/μL and 162 (78.6%) had CD4 ≤100 cells/μL. By employing 538 matched controls, we found that factors associated with toxoplasmosis included abstaining from ART (odds ratio [OR] 3.62, 95% CI 1.81–7.24), in comparison to receiving nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors plus non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, HIV exposure through injection drug use (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.15–4.47) as opposed to engaging in heterosexual intercourse and testing positive for hepatitis B virus surface antigen (OR 3.19, 95% CI 1.41–7.21). Toxoplasmosis was less likely with increasing CD4 counts (51–100 cells/μL: OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.18–0.96; 101–200 cells/μL: OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.06–0.34; >200 cells/μL: OR 0.02, 95% CI 0.01–0.06), when compared to CD4 ≤50 cells/μL. Moreover, the use of prophylactic cotrimoxazole was not associated with toxoplasmosis.

Conclusions
Symptomatic toxoplasmosis is rare but still occurs in PLWH in the Asia-Pacific region, especially in the context of delayed diagnosis, causing advanced HIV disease. Immune reconstitution through early diagnosis and ART administration remains a priority in Asian PLWH.
The Infodemic: Disinformation, Geopolitics and the Covid-19 Pandemic, Gabriele Cosentino (2023)
Authors: Suárez Adriana Amado 
Published: July 2024

Review of: The Infodemic: Disinformation, Geopolitics and the Covid-19 Pandemic, Gabriele Cosentino (2023)
New York: Bloomsbury Publishing, 212 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-75564-073-7, p/bk, £19.79
Operational Images: From the Visual to the Invisual, Jussi Patikka* (2023)
Authors: Melamed Laliv 
Published: July 2024

Review of: Operational Images: From the Visual to the Invisual, Jussi Patikka (2023)
Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 276 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-51791-211-6, p/bk, e-book, $29.00
ژنبوون له‌ نێوان هۆشیاربه‌خۆبوون و ویستی یه‌كسانیدا به‌ نموونه‌ی شیعره‌كانی زه‌ینه‌ب خادم سوجاده
Authors: Mohammad Mahabad A. 
Published: July 2024

ئه‌م لێكۆڵینه‌وه‌یه‌‌ به‌ ناونیشانی ( ژنبوون له‌ نێوان هۆشیاربه‌خۆبوون و ویستی یه‌كسانیدا) ، لێكۆلینه‌وه‌یه‌كی ئۆنتۆلۆجییه‌ بۆ تێڕامان له‌ پرسی ژن و تێگه‌یشتن له‌ بنه‌مای بیركردنه‌وه‌ی ژن. ئه‌م تێگه‌یشتنه‌ رۆڵی له‌ تێڕامانی ژنێتی ژن هه‌یه‌ له‌ ناسینی خۆیدا له‌لایه‌ك و رۆڵی له‌ ره‌نگرێژكردنی تێگه‌یشتنی كۆمه‌ڵگه‌ و ئه‌وانی تریشدا هه‌یه‌ له‌ بینین و پیناسه‌كردنی ژن له‌ دیدی ئه‌وانی تردا. لێكۆڵینه‌وه‌كه‌ بریتییه‌ له‌ دووبه‌ش، هه‌ر به‌شه‌ش چه‌ندین بابه‌ت ده‌گرێته‌خۆی. له‌ به‌شی یه‌كه‌مدا كورته‌یه‌ك سه‌باره‌ت به‌ زه‌مینه‌ی دروستبوونی بزووتنه‌وه‌ی فێمینیزم ده‌خرێته‌ڕوو. دواتر باس له‌ ویستی یه‌كسانی و دیدی شه‌پۆڵه‌كانی بزووتنه‌وه‌كه‌ ده‌كرێت. هه‌وڵی خستنه‌رووی ئه‌و لێكدژییه‌ فكرییانه‌ ده‌درێت، كه‌ له‌ تێگه‌یشتنی رۆشنبیری مۆدێڕندا هه‌یه‌ بۆ پرسی ژن، تاوه‌كو ژنیش وه‌ك دانه‌یه‌كی ناو سیسته‌مه‌ تازه‌كه‌،‌ له‌گه‌ڵ ئه‌و واقیعه‌ ئابووری و پیشه‌سازی و كلتووری و سیاسییه‌ی مۆدێرنیزم سنووره‌كانی ده‌كێشێت، یه‌كڕاست و ته‌بابێته‌وه‌. به‌شی دووه‌می لێكۆڵینه‌وه‌كه‌ ته‌رخانكراوه‌ بۆ شیكردنه‌وه‌ی فیكری شیعره‌كانی زه‌ینه‌ب خان و تێگه‌یشتن له‌و هۆشیارییه‌ عه‌قڵییه‌ی له‌ بیركردنه‌وه‌ی شاعیردا هه‌یه‌، بۆ تێگه‌یشتن له‌ ژنێتی ژن و له‌ ئه‌ویتری ره‌گه‌زی به‌رامبه‌ر، كه‌ له‌ كرۆكدا جیاوازه‌ له‌و ئاگاییه‌ واقیعییه‌ هه‌سته‌كی و ماددییه‌ی، له‌ بیركردنه‌وه‌ی گشتی و رۆشنبیری بزووتنه‌وه‌ی مێناسیدا هه‌یه‌. پرسەکانی ئەم توێژینەوەیە لەوەدا خۆیان دەبیننەوە،‌ کە بوونی ژن ده‌خاته‌ كوێی ئه‌م هاوكێشه‌یه‌ی‌‌ له‌ به‌رامبه‌ر ئه‌ویتری پیاودا رایده‌گرێت؟ تێگه‌یشتن له‌ بنه‌مای ئه‌م هۆشیارییه‌ گریمانه‌یه‌كی تری ئه‌م لێكۆڵینه‌وه‌یه‌ ده‌خاته‌ سه‌رپێ كه‌ رووی له‌ شیعره‌كانی (زه‌ینه‌ب خادم سه‌جاده‌)یه‌، به‌وه‌ی بنه‌مای فكری شیعره‌كان و ئه‌م هۆشیارییه‌ی شیعرییه‌تی شیعره‌كان ره‌نگرێژ ده‌كات، ئایا هه‌مان ئه‌و هۆشیارییه‌یه‌ كه‌ له‌ سه‌رده‌مه‌ مۆدێرنه‌كه‌دا بۆ ژن له‌ ئارادایه‌؟ یان هۆشیارییه‌كی بنه‌ڕه‌تیتره‌، جیاواز له‌م هۆشیارییه‌ی كه‌ هه‌یه‌. ئایا ژن نیوه‌ی كۆمه‌ڵه‌؟ بنه‌مای ئه‌م گوتنه‌ سه‌رچاوه‌ له‌ چییه‌وه‌ ده‌گرێت؟ ده‌نگی ژن به‌ چی له‌ ده‌نگی بیركردنه‌وه‌ی ژنێكی تر جیاده‌بێته‌وه‌؟