bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of mindfulness-based intervention on perceived stress among breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: Naskar Soumi , Dixit Sanjukta , Varadharasu Sivasankari , Pattnaik Jigyansa I. , Singh Reena 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Breast cancer is the second most prevalent disease among women in India and one of the most dangerous and lethal. Chemotherapy-treated breast cancer patients may have perceived stress, which is defined as emotions of mental or physical exhaustion that make them feel angry or anxious. Mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) gives some ideas in line with the conventional mindfulness technique.

Purposes:
(i) To assess the effect of MBI on perceived stress among breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. (ii) To determine the association between perceived stress with selected demographic variables among breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods:
The current quantitative pre- and postexperimental study was carried out in two oncology departments of selected cancer hospitals, Bhubaneswar. A total number of 40 breast cancer patients of perceived stress receiving chemotherapy and data were gathered by using a self-structured socio-demographic proforma and a structured Perceived Stress Scale 10. The experimental group received MBI, and a posttest was conducted on the 17th day on both the groups after 10 days of the termination of intervention. This MBI was provided to breast cancer patients for five sessions over five days continuously, each session for 45 min with mindfulness breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation techniques, practising meditation, and guided imagery technique.

Results:
The study findings illustrated that reduction of perceived stress among female breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with (t = 2.2463) (P = 0.0306) at the P < 0.05; furthermore, there is one socio-demographic variable which had association with perceived stress that is history of psychiatric illness (χ2 = 14.1176) (P = 0.0009) and others had no association with perceived stress.

Conclusion:
MBI was an effective therapy for reducing the perceived stress of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Clinico-radiological and pulmonary function assessment of post-COVID-19 patients with respiratory symptoms
Authors: Behera Nilakantha , Patra Jeetendra Kumar , Dash Bijay Kumar , Pattnaik Manoranjan , Sahu Deepak , Rambhoopal Reddy Bayyaram 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Respiratory symptoms may persist for several weeks following the initial coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. The aims and objectives were to assess the clinical symptoms, pulmonary functions, and radiological changes and to assess the cardio-vascular complications in post-COVID-19 patients.

Methods:
This observational study was conducted in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine in collaboration with the Department of Cardiology, SCBMCH, Cuttack, from March 2021 to August 2022 on 75 post-COVID-19 patients with respiratory symptoms from 4 weeks to 2 years after treatment for COVID-19 infection. Post-COVID patients having previous respiratory diseases were excluded from the study.

Results:
Among 75 patients, the most common age group was 18–30 years with a male-to-female ratio of 2.5:1. Based on O2 requirement, patients were divided into the mild symptomatic group and moderate to severe pneumonia group. The most common respiratory symptom was dyspnea, followed by cough with expectoration. Bilateral crepitations were found in 17% of cases. C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer were increased in 38.6% and 32% of patients, respectively. 42.6% had abnormal chest X-ray, and the most common abnormal finding was reticular thickening. In spirometry, the restrictive pattern and mixed pattern were the predominant types documented in 49.3% and 13.3% of cases, respectively, which were significant in the moderate–severe group. Diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) was performed in only 19 patients (mild group 13 and moderate–severe group 6). Twelve (63.2%) patients had abnormal DLCO. P- values were significant for RV (0.0482) and RV/TLC (0.0394). High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the thorax was abnormal in 55.7% with the most common abnormalities as inter- and intra-lobular septal thickening. The left ventricular ejection fraction was preserved in all patients, with right atrium and right ventricle enlargement in 2.6% and pulmonary hypertension in 4.0% of participants.

Conclusion:
All post-COVID-19 patients having respiratory symptoms after recovery from acute COVID-19 may be referred by family care physicians to a dedicated post-COVID center for further evaluation, management, and early rehabilitation to decrease the morbidity in recovered patients. Persistent increased blood parameters like TLC, N/L ratio, RBS, CRP, and D-dimer seen in recovered post-COVID-19 patients. The long-term impact of CT findings on respiratory symptoms, pulmonary functions, and quality of life is unknown. Cardiovascular abnormalities in post-COVID-19 patients are infrequent.
Emerging role of vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for retinal venous occlusions and need for public health measures for its prevention
Authors: Sahu Pramod Kumar , Gautam Priyanka , Das Gopal Krushna , Gogoi Priyanka , Beri Nitika , Bhatia Rahul 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
To estimate levels of serum vitamin D in patients of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and compare with age- and sex-matched controls.

Methods:
A prospective case-control study of 54 patients of RVO and 54 age- and sex-matched attendants of patients presenting to a tertiary care hospital in Delhi was performed. Patients on vitamin D supplementations and RVO due to infective or immunological causes or patients of glaucoma were excluded. Serum vitamin D levels of all the study participants along with relevant blood investigations with history and examination were documented. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as <20 ng/ml

Results:
The mean serum vitamin D levels seen in RVO patients and the control group were 14.19 ± 5.23 ng/ml and 19.42 ± 10.27 ng/ml, respectively (P value = 0.001) with an odds ratio of 10.558 (CI = 2.34–47.50), indicating vitamin D deficiency to be strongly correlated with RVO. Maximum patients of RVO (46.3%) were seen during the winter season. The study noted hypertension [odds ratio 20.22 (CI = 5.812–70.347)], dyslipidemia, and anemia [odds ratio 4.107 (CI = 0.62–26.90)] to be the risk factors for RVO as previously proved in the literature. Smoking, diabetes, alcohol intake, and body mass index did not emerge as risk factors for RVO.

Conclusion:
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with RVO; hence, estimation of serum vitamin D levels should be advised as a part of routine investigations while looking for the cause of RVOs. Public health measures like food fortification with vitamin D micronutrients and public awareness towards increased sunlight exposure in the community are simple, inexpensive measures that can decrease the burden of sight-threatening disease of RVO in the community.
How safe is Autheem therapy for young Saudi infants? A question worth asking
Authors: Bin Alamir Abdulrahman Ahmed , AlShammari Alanoud M. , Almutairi Maram M. , Aldhafiri Hamad J. , Alnasser Yossef 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
In Saudi Arabia, a traditional therapy for a folk labeled problem known as “Autheem –

JOURNAL/jfmpc/04.03/01697686-202413080-00056/inline-graphic1/v/2024-08-14T134557Z/r/image-tiff

” is often offered to infants. The procedure involves manipulating an infant’s soft palate to alleviate pain associated with infant colic and poor feeding. However, concerns remain about this procedure’s impact on infant health and its potential to transmit infections. This study focused on perceptions that Saudi mothers hold about Autheem therapy.

Methods:
A descriptive, cross-sectional, community-based study was conducted via an online platform to reach Saudi mothers in the Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia.

Results:
Five hundred and thirty-six Saudi mothers participated; half were older than 30 years of age. Despite a high rate of college degree attainment, the majority of mothers relied on their elders as a source of information (88.4%). Autheem was viewed to be a stand-alone disease by 86.5% of respondents; 71.4% believed it could not be treated with modern medicine. Most infants were under six months of age when they received Autheem therapy (72%). Roughly 13% of mothers found that their infant had a fever after the therapy; we found an association between Autheem therapy and viral illnesses. About 13% of mothers altered their child’s vaccination schedule after Autheem therapy.

Conclusion:
Older mothers have more positive attitudes towards and stronger beliefs in Autheem therapy than younger mothers. The therapy’s strong association with viral illnesses and its negative impact on vaccination schedules are major public health concerns.
Pattern of occupational lung disease among industrial workers attending a medical college of Eastern India
Authors: Chaudhuri Susmita , Jaison Merin K. , Chattopadhyay Biswadip , Paul Kalyan Kumar , Sengupta Trina 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Occupational lung diseases (OLDs) contribute a significant proportion to the global burden of pulmonary morbidities but are grossly misdiagnosed due to the relative lack of attribution given to occupational exposures. Obstructive lung diseases are known to be associated with long-lasting disability and loss of earning capacity (LOEC) among workers in industrial setups, thus reducing nationwide productivity.

Objective:
In this context, the study aimed to find out the pattern of OLD and factors associated with the severity of it among patients in a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods:
The study was a record-based secondary data analysis conducted in the Medical Records Department of a Medical College in Kolkata. A computerized database of patients attending Special Medical Board (SMB) examinations from the Department of Medical Records was utilized for data collection. A data abstraction format was constructed to collect information on pulmonary morbidity, occupational exposure, and sociodemographic and behavioral variables. Extracted data were analyzed in Microsoft Excel and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software

Results:
After a review of records, it was shown that 62.3% (66 out of 106 people) of the study subjects had an obstructive type of OLD, the most common being Jute Byssinosis. A negative correlation (Spearman’s ρ = -0.136) was found between pulmonary function (FEV1/FVC) and LOEC (%) in the study subjects. In the multivariable logistic regression, exposure to organic dust was found to be significantly associated with worsened lung function {adjusted-Odd’s Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) =3.11 (1.1–8.8), P value = 0.03}.

Conclusion:
OLD is an understated health issue, especially in an industrial diaspora of developing countries, like India. Healthcare facilities should utilize their resources properly for the advancement of medical surveillance in industries where organic dust is produced. Health education of the stakeholders regarding the consequences of OLDs and the benefits of preventive primary approaches will go a long way in alleviating the burden of disease.
Rapid and non-invasive diagnosis of hyperkalemia in patients with systolic myocardial failure using a model based on machine learning algorithms
Authors: Torshizi Hamid M. , Khorgami Mohammad R. , Omidi Negar , Khalaj Fattaneh , Ahmadi Mohsen 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Hyperkalemia is a potentially life-threatening electrolyte disturbance that if not diagnosed on time may lead to devastating conditions and sudden cardiac death. Blood sampling for potassium level checks is time-consuming and can delay the treatment of severe hyperkalemia on time. So, we propose a non-invasive method for correct and rapid hyperkalemia detection.

Methods:
The cardiac signal of patients referred to the Pediatrics Emergency room of Shahid Rejaee Hospital was measured by a 12-lead Philips electrocardiogram (ECG) device. Immediately, the blood samples of the patients were sent to the laboratory for potassium serum level determination. We defined 16 features for each cardiac signal at lead 2 and extracted them automatically using the algorithm developed. With the help of the principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm, the dimension reduction operation was performed. The algorithms of decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), logistic regression, and support vector machine (SVM) were used to classify serum potassium levels. Finally, we used the receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve to display the results

Results:
In the period of 5 months, 126 patients with a serum level above 4.5 (hyperkalemia) and 152 patients with a serum potassium level below 4.5 (normal potassium) were included in the study. Classification with the help of a RF algorithm has the best result. Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1, and area under the curve (AUC) of this algorithm are 0.71, 0.87, 0.53, 0.66, and 0.69, respectively

Conclusions:
A lead2-based RF classification model may help clinicians to rapidly detect severe dyskalemias as a non-invasive method and prevent life-threatening cardiac conditions due to hyperkalemia.
Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) and Systemic Immune-Inflammatory Index (SII) as markers of severity among patients having COVID-19 infection
Authors: Reddy Rithika Manjunatha , Suthana Sana , Karthikeyan Aditya , Kulkarni Ashwin , Aslam Shaikh Mohammed , Suhail K Mohammed 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) are two novel markers that have emerged as potential candidates as an early indication of the severity of the disease in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.

Objective:
The objective of the study is to assess the utility of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) as markers of severity among patients with COVID-19 infection.

Methods:
This is a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care centre in South India. A total of 80 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were included in the study. The patients were divided into mild, moderate, and severe groups based on the clinical parameters as per Indian Council of Medical Research guidelines. Lab values taken at admission were obtained from patient records, using which the PNI and SII were calculated using standard formulae. These markers were correlated with the severity of the COVID-19 illness.

Results:
PNI and SII were significantly elevated in the patients with severe COVID-19 illness as compared with mild COVID-19 illness. The mean PNI among subjects with mild COVID-19 and severe COVID-19 being 46.62 ± 6.51 and 34.09 ± 5.81, respectively. The mean SII among subjects with mild COVID-19 was 9,52,287.2 ± 1,42,113, and among subjects with severe COVID-19 was 15,39,461 ± 8,04,285. The cut-off value for PNI and SII for predicting severity of COVID-19 illness was 35.93 and 5,82,400, respectively. The sensitivity for PNI was 87.5, and the SII was 95.

Conclusion:
The present study showed a significant correlation between the SII and PNI as markers used to determine the severity of COVID-19. Based on these findings, it can be effectively used independently of other markers to predict critical illness among COVID-19 patients.
Alterations in hematologic, coagulation, and inflammatory markers based on fever status in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A retrospective study
Authors: Chatterjee Bijoya , Modi Nikunj , Desai Khushi , Murugan Yogesh , Trivedi Ami 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Laboratory markers like lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated D-dimer, and C-reactive protein (CRP) predict worse outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, a comprehensive analysis of hematologic and coagulation parameter alterations based on fever status is lacking.

Methods:
This retrospective study analyzed 300 COVID-19 patients hospitalized from March to December 2020. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were extracted from electronic medical records. Patients were stratified into fever (n = 200) and no fever (n = 100) groups. Hematologic, coagulation, and inflammatory markers were compared between groups using appropriate statistical tests. Multivariate regression identified independent predictors of fever.

Results:
Fever was associated with leukocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated CRP, D-dimer, procalcitonin, interleukin-6, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and ferritin compared to no fever (all P < 0.05). D-dimer (r = 0.42), CRP (r = 0.52), NLR (r = 0.48), and interleukin-6 (r = 0.46) demonstrated the strongest correlation with fever (P < 0.001). High D-dimer >1000 ng/mL (adjusted odds ratio 2.7), CRP >100 mg/L (3.1), lymphopenia <1.0 × 109/L (2.8), NLR >4 (2.9), and thrombocytopenia <150 × 109/L (2.7) were significant independent predictors of fever status (P < 0.005). These parameters had moderate sensitivity (40–60%) and high specificity (74–88%) for discriminating febrile patients with AUC of 0.85.

Conclusions:
Marked alterations in hematologic, coagulation, and inflammatory markers occur in COVID-19 based on fever. Routine laboratory parameters can facilitate diagnosis and risk stratification.
Assessment of water, sanitation and hand hygiene practices in rural households of Tamil Nadu: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Fazeela A , Borkar Rajnish S. , Mer Hetal T. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Water is a basic human right essential to all for sustainable development. Sanitation is one of the determinants of quality of life and the human development index. Drinking unsafe water impairs health through illnesses such as diarrhoea, and untreated excreta contaminates ground waters and surface waters used for drinking, bathing and household purposes.

Aims:
To assess the existing facilities and practices related to drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene among household members in the rural population of Tamil Nadu and to assess whether accessibility and availability of safe drinking water and adequate sanitation under sustainable development goal 6 is being achieved in the rural population of Tamil Nadu.

Methodology:
This community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 200 households in the rural field practice area of the Medical College and Hospital, Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu. The participants were interviewed using a predesigned semi-structured questionnaire on their existing water, sanitation, and hand washing facilities and practices

Results:
Our study observed that 71.5% of households had piped water supply into their dwellings, 82% were using sanitary latrines and 28% had closed drainage for draining wastewater. Twenty-eight percent were using soap and water for hand-washing before food, and 82.5% were doing hand-washing with soap after using the toilet. In our study, the association between sanitary practices and education, occupation and socioeconomic status was statistically significant

Conclusions:
Our study emphasized the need for strengthening health education and behaviour change communication regarding sanitation and hand hygiene practices.
Quality of sleep among hypertensive patients attending a rural health training centre
Authors: Venkatesh Aishwarya , Varadarajan Suresh 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Sleep is a vital biological, reparative, and restorative phenomenon, and poor sleep has a serious detrimental effect on health. Poor sleep quality is a serious problem as it adversely affects a person’s ability to function physically and socially, as well as their potential for profession and quality of life. The degree of hypertension directly affects sleep quality, and poor sleep can exacerbate hypertensive symptoms. This study assesses hypertension patients’ sleep quality in a rural health training centre in Chennai.

Objectives:
1. To study the prevalence of poor sleep quality among hypertensive patients. 2. To determine the association between selected socio-demographic factors and sleep quality among these patients.

Materials and Methods:
Hypertensives attending the outpatient department of a rural health and training centre were selected in a systematic manner and administered a semi-structured interview schedule and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire followed by a basic clinical examination. Using the PSQI, they were categorised as having either poor or good sleep quality and the association between selected socio-demographic factors and sleep quality was assessed.

Results:
Out of the 179 study participants, there were almost equal numbers of male and female participants. The mean age of participants was 57.80 years (standard deviation (SD) = 9.8 yrs.). Among the study participants, 44.13% had completed secondary level of school as an education qualification and 6.70% were illiterate. By the modified BG Prasad classification 2022, most of the study participants (34.08%) came under the class II socioeconomic classification. A large proportion (78.8%) of study participants had poor sleep quality. The difference in sleep quality was observed with respect to gender, socio-economic class, alcohol consumption and body mass index (BMI).

Conclusion:
This observational study shows that individuals with hypertension suffer significantly from poor sleep. A poor quality of sleep was reported by 78.77% of the patients in this study. Statistically significant factors that influenced sleep quality were gender, alcohol consumption and BMI.
Prevalence of diabetes distress and its correlates among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a primary health center of Bihar − A cross-sectional study
Authors: Naik Bijaya N. , Rao Rajath , Verma Manisha , Nirala Santosh K. , Pandey Sanjay , Gera Mounica , Ramalingam Anuvarshini 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Diabetes is a chronic disease associated with many complications. Approximately 20% of people living with diabetes suffer from some form of depression. “Diabetes distress” (DD) is used to describe the significant negative psychological reactions related to emotional burdens and worries specific to an individual’s experience to manage severe, complicated chronic disease such as diabetes.

Aim:
To determine the proportion having DD and to identify the sociodemographic and morbidity related factors associated with the presence of DD among adults with Type2DM who are being treated at PHC Naubatpur, Bihar.

Material and Methods:
This facility based cross-sectional analytical study was done over 3 months among 260 Type2DM patients attending PHC Naubatpur. Sociodemographic details and morbidity related details were collected followed by PAID questionnaire to assess DD

Results:
Around 60% of the participants were of age ≤60 years. Majority (63.8%) of the participants were having diabetes from past 1-10years. One-fourth (24.6%) of them were having score of ≥40, therefore having DD. Alcohol consumption and presence of diabetes complications in the participants were found to be independent predictors of DD.

Conclusion:
This study showed a high (24.6%) prevalence of DD. It is essential to identify high-risk patients with different mental health needs. Healthcare providers should focus on reducing DD and devise ways to increase self-care practices and coping skills.