bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial Activity of Vernonia Amygdalina (Bitter Leaf) Extracts against Clinical Isolates of Salmonella Species
Authors: Ahmad, M.  , Usman, A.  , Usman, H. D.  
Published: August 2024

Study’s Novelty/Excerpt

This study investigates the antibacterial activity of Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaves) extracts against clinical isolates of Salmonella, addressing the urgent need for new antibacterial agents due to rising drug resistance.
The research highlights the phytochemical composition of V. amygdalina, including alkaloids and saponins, and demonstrates significant inhibitory effects at specific concentrations, with a notable 11 mm zone of inhibition for the ethanolic extract.
The findings suggest that V. amygdalina could be a promising candidate for developing new anti-Salmonella treatments, contributing to the management of salmonellosis in underdeveloped nations.

Full Abstract
Salmonellosis is becoming a common illness in underdeveloped nations, and specifically, typhoid fever is a major public health concern due to its high likelihood of recurrence. Salmonella has become resistant to numerous drugs, making it necessary to look for effective novel antibacterial substances from alternative sources, including plants. The antibacterial activity of Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaves) extracts was assessed in this study against ten (10) Salmonella species clinical isolates. The bitter leave was cleaned, dried, and ground into powder. The phytochemical content of the leaves was extracted using ethanol and aqueous solvent; the extracts' antibacterial activity was tested against clinical isolates of Salmonella. Alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, steroids, tannins, and glycosides were among the constituents present, according to the phytochemical analysis. The highest zone of inhibition was 11 mm for the ethanolic extract at 100mg/mL concentration demonstrated against SS 4 isolate, while 9 mm was the highest zone of inhibition for the aqueous extract at 100mg/mL concentration against SS 6 isolate. For both extracts, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of all Salmonella isolates tested were found at 50 mg/mL and 100 mg/mL concentrations, respectively. V. amygdalina has antibacterial activity against Salmonella and should be investigated further for potential application in developing anti-Salmonella medications and managing salmonellosis.
Bacterial Bisorption as an Approach for the Bioremediation of Chromium Contaminated Soils: An Overview
Authors: Fardami Aminu Yusuf , Abdullahi Sherif 
Published: August 2024

Study’s Novelty/Excerpt

This study presents comprehensive overview of the roles of various bacterial genera, including Alcaligens, Achromobacter, and Bacillus, in the biosorption of chromium from contaminated soils, highlighting specific factors influencing biosorption efficiency.
It uniquely addresses the optimization of environmental conditions such as pH, temperature, and nutrient availability to enhance large-scale biosorption processes, bridging gaps noted in previous literature regarding the scalability of bacterial biosorption.
Additionally, the manuscript underscores the necessity for further research in biotechnology and molecular engineering to fully harness the potential of bacterial biosorption for chromium remediation, presenting a forward-looking perspective on advancing this bioremediation strategy.

Full Abstract
Chromium possesses detrimental effects on the health of both plants and animals. Biosorption is a process where biological materials (bacteria, fungi, algae, or agricultural waste) are used to remove pollutants from contaminated sites. Conventional methods of remediating heavy metal-contaminated soils, such as excavation and chemical treatment, are expensive and disruptive, making them less desirable. Factors influencing bacterial biosorption efficiency are promising approaches involving bacteria to remove heavy metals such as Chromium, lead, nickel, cadmium, arsenic, etc., from contaminated soil. Some bacterial genera involved in biosorption include Alcaligens, Achromobacter, Acinetobacter, Alteromonas, Arthrobacter, Burkholderia, Bacillus, Enterobacter, Flavobacterium, and Pseudomonas. These bacteria can adsorb heavy metals such as Chromium and biotransform them into less toxic forms. Some factors influencing bacteria biosorption efficiency include pH, temperature, concentration, bacterial surface compositions, metal ion characteristics, and soil composition. Challenges associated with using bacteria for biosorption, as outlined in previous literature, include the slowness of the process and the fact that it may not be suitable for large-scale application, even though many other authors have proven its applicability on a large scale. Also, the key quality needed from the bacterial biosorbent must be tolerating the heavy metals. Another area of focus in current research is optimizing environmental conditions, such as temperature, pH, and nutrient availability, to achieve a more efficient biosorption at a larger scale. This overview highlighted the roles of bacteria in the biosorption of chromium heavy metal as a strategy for the bioremediation of Chromium contaminated soil. Conclusively, bacterial biosorption has a great potential for use in Chromium- contaminated soil remediation, and more research is needed to fully realize this potential, especially in biotechnology and molecular engineering.
MITIGAÇÃO DE INCERTEZAS DERIVADAS DA CLASSIFICAÇÃO DO TABACO/Mitigation of uncertainly derived forma tobacco classification
Authors: Villanova Lopes Mário Fernando , Machado Deponti Cidonea 
Published: August 2024

O fumo é o principal ativo da Região do Vale do Rio Pardo, no centro do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, movendo uma gigantesca cadeia produtiva que vai da agricultura, passado pelo beneficiamento, até chegar na exportação. Afora o caráter econômico, a produção de tabaco encontra na relação entre agricultores familiares integrados e empresas fumageiras integradoras seu elo mais frágil, induzindo a necessidade de estudos sobre o instrumento que liga um ao outro: o contrato de integração do Sistema Integrado de Produção do Tabaco, especialmente no que tange à classificação e consequente precificação do fumo. Utilizando-se de conceitos da Nova Economia Institucional é possível fazer a análise dos documentos contratuais e apontar alternativas que visam afastar as incertezas derivadas da última etapa produtiva para fortalecer a corrente integradora e verificar ganhos mais equilibrados às partes.

Abstract: Tobacco is the main asset of the Rio Pardo Valley Region, in the center of State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, driving a gigantic production chain that goes from agriculture, through processing, to export. Aside from the economic nature, tobacco production finds its weakest link in the relationship between integrated family farmers and integrating tobacco companies, inducing the need for studies on the instrument that links one to the other: the integration contract of the Integrated Tobacco Production System , especially with regard to the classification and consequent pricing of tobacco. Using concepts from the New Institutional Economy, it is possible to analyze contractual documents and point out alternatives that aim to eliminate the uncertainties arising from the last production stage to strengthen the integrating chain and verify more balanced gains for the parties.
Analisis Perilaku Keuangan Masyarakat Dalamkonteks Pinjaman Rentenir: Perspektif Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Kholidah Nur , Rosanti Cholisa , Hudaya Fadli 
Published: August 2024

This study was conducted to gain a deeper understanding and analyze the factors that influence the community's borrowing behavior. It is hoped that in the future, the community will shift away from loan sharks and prefer existing banks, especially Islamic banks. The research methods used include direct interviews and the distribution of questionnaires to the villagers where the study was conducted. The sampling procedure in this study is the snowball sampling method with 68 respondents. The data analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis using SPSS version 2.2
The results of the study indicate that, simultaneously, the community's borrowing behavior is significantly influenced by Islamic financial literacy, needs, convenience, and collateral, as supported by the F-test result of 9.867. Meanwhile, partially, the factors of Islamic financial literacy and collateral have a significant negative influence on the community's borrowing behavior from loan sharks. The factor of needs has a significant positive influence on the community's borrowing behavior from loan sharks. The factor of convenience does not influence the community's borrowing behavior from loan sharks.

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“Ele não vai ficar aqui, né?”: o masculino não vai ao berçário
Authors: Gandin Rudá Morais , Pena Alexandra Coelho 
Published: August 2024

A predominância de mulheres como docentes em creches, muito provavelmente por ocasião da relação que se instituiu entre cuidar e educar como qualidades privativas desse gênero, tem permitido o estabelecimento de múltiplas interrogações acerca da reiterada ausência do masculino nesses espaços. Em razão desse cenário, objetiva-se, no presente artigo, dar uma explicação ao processo de contenção que se emprega ao masculino quanto a sua atuação na educação infantil, mais especificamente no trabalho com bebês em creches. A partir da análise do relato de um dos autores sobre sua experiência na creche, aciona-se as noções de interdição implícita e interdição explícita para compreender o fenômeno de distanciamento do masculino dos berçários. Conclui-se que, embora seja preciso compromisso e seriedade com os sentimentos, expressões a aprendizados dos bebês, a fim de exercer um bom trabalho em turmas de berçário, o masculino é reiteradamente interditado a desempenhá-lo, pois regularmente são evocadas qualidades supostamente do feminino como ingredientes para atuar em creches, como sensibilidade, cuidado e atenção.
A capital e o interior: influências da criação de Goiânia na urbanização do Mato Grosso de Goiás
Authors: Dutra e Silva Anderson , Martins Patrick Thomaz de Aquino , Dutra e Silva Sandro 
Published: August 2024

Na década de 1930, Goiás passou por transformações históricas significativas em consonância com as mudanças políticas do novo governo do presidente Getúlio Vargas. A ambição de criar uma nova capital para substituir a antiga teve, ao mesmo tempo, vontade política e econômica. Nesse período, alguns políticos, arquitetos e engenheiros apoiaram a ideia de criação de uma nova “metrópole” que poderia ser construída para aumentar a industrialização e a produção de alimentos no Brasil Central. O modelo de cidade progressista foi a preferência da maioria, pela distribuição ordenada dos espaços e pela sua visão sobre sistemas de transporte e produção de energia. Nosso enfoque privilegia o papel da natureza selvagem para justificar o sucesso da construção de uma cidade moderna que atrairia pessoas para explorar os recursos naturais e produzir riquezas. A natureza é destacada também como um ambiente a ser domado e também por outras finalidades uteis ao contexto urbano da nova capital de Goiás. A pesquisa documental se baseou em diferentes fontes e arquivos, com vasto material coletado em jornais da década de 1930, artigos, mapas e reportagens que tratavam da atmosfera que antecedeu a criação e construção de Goiânia. Nosso argumento é que, no cerne do projeto urbano, as questões naturais desempenharam papel histórico importante, seja pela fertilidade do solo, pela topografia e a disponibilidade de rios.
THỰC TRẠNG VÀ MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA HÀNH VI CHĂM SÓC SỨC KHOẺ RĂNG MIỆNG VỚI BỆNH SÂU RĂNG Ở HỌC SINH 6 TUỔI TẠI HÀ NỘI
Authors: Hà Ngọc Chiều , Nguyễn Mạnh Cường 
Published: August 2024

Bệnh sâu răng là bệnh khá phổ biến, gây hậu quả ở nhiều mức độ về sức khoẻ răng miệng và sức khoẻ chung. Bệnh do nhiều yếu tố gây nên, trong đó hành vi chăm sức khoẻ răng miệng của trẻ đóng vai trò quan trọng. Vì vậy, mục đích của nghiên cứu là mô tả thực trạng và mối liên quan giữa hành vi chăm sóc sức khoẻ răng miệng với bệnh sâu răng ở học sinh lớp 1. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang được thực hiện ở 191 học sinh 6 tuổi (lớp 1), đang học tại Trường Tiểu học Khương Thượng - Đống Đa - Hà Nội. Kết quả: Có 90,6% trẻ chải răng 2 lần trong ngày, chủ yếu là chải lên xuống (57,6%) và chải ngang (31,4%). Có 28,8% số học sinh thường xuyên ăn đồ ngọt. Sau bữa ăn, có 51,8% số học sinh chải răng. Đặc biệt, những trẻ không dùng kem đánh răng có fluor có nguy cơ sâu răng cao gấp 8,88 lần so với những trẻ có dùng (OR; 95%CI: 8,88; 1,17-67,39). Kết luận: Thưc hành chăm sóc sức khoẻ răng miệng của trẻ chưa tốt. Chải răng với kem đánh răng có fluor làm giảm nguy cơ sâu răng ở trẻ nhỏ
Analisa Motivasi Wisatawan pada Bali Walking Tour
Authors: Riski Gusti Ayu Agustina , Wulandari Gusti Ayu 
Published: August 2024

Walking Tour menjadi trend pariwisata di Indonesia, yaitu perjalanan wisata dengan berjalan kaki sambil memperkenalkan ciri khas otentik masyarakat dari destinasi tersebut dan dipandu oleh Story teller. Di Bali, Walking Tour dikembangkan oleh komunitas dengan berbagai rute Kawasan bersejarah (heritages) di Denpasar, diantaranya Gajah Mada Heritage, Puputan (the Battle of Bali), dan Sanur Seaside (Trails of Art and Culture)
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi motivasi peserta/wisatawan terhadap Bali Walking Tour. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif Deskriptif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi, interview, dan dokumentasi. Analisa data menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Responden pada penelitian ini berjumlah 33 orang, dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Data akan diolah dengan Teknik descriptive kualitatif.
Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa minat wisatawan terhadap Bali Walking Tour cukup baik, terutama pada rute Gajah Mada Heritage. Adapun motivasi yang mendorong wisatawan untuk mengikuti Bali Walking Tour, diantaranya adalah untuk mengetahui Sejarah wisata heritage di Denpasar (motivasi cultural) sebesar 54,5 %, mendapatkan pengalaman & teman baru (motivasi interpersonal) sebesar 30.3 %, melakukan aktivitas berjalan menelusuri tempat bersejarah (motivasi Physiological) sebesari 9,1 %, dan konten di media sosial (motivasi prestige) sebesar 6,1 %.
Reliable water vapour isotopic composition measurements at low humidity using frequency-stabilised cavity ring-down spectroscopy
Authors: Casado Mathieu , Landais Amaelle , Stoltmann Tim , Chaillot Justin , Daëron Mathieu , Prié Fréderic , Bordet Baptiste , Kassi Samir 
Published: August 2024

Abstract. In situ measurements of water vapour isotopic composition in polar regions has provided needed constrains of post-deposition processes involved in the archiving of the climatic signal in ice core records. During polar winter, the temperatures, and thus the specific humidity, are so low that current commercial techniques are not able to measure the vapour isotopic composition with enough precision. Here, we make use of new developments in infrared spectroscopy and combine an optical-feedback frequency-stabilised laser source (OFFS technique) using a V-shaped cavity optical feedback (VCOF) cavity and a high-finesse cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) cavity to increase the signal-to-noise ratio while measuring absorption transitions of water isotopes. We present a laboratory infrared spectrometer leveraging all these techniques dedicated to measure water vapour isotopic composition at low humidity levels. At 400 ppmv, the instrument demonstrates a precision of 0.01 ‰ and 0.1 ‰ in δ18O and d-excess, respectively, for an integration time of 2 min. This set-up yields an isotopic composition precision below 1 ‰ at water mixing ratios down to 4 ppmv, which suggests an extrapolated precision in δ18O of 1.5 ‰ at 1 ppmv. Indeed, thanks to the stabilisation of the laser by the VCOF, the instrument exhibits extremely low drift and very high signal-to-noise ratio. The instrument is not hindered by a strong isotope–humidity response which at low humidity can create extensive biases on commercial instruments.
Reconstructing long-term (1980–2022) daily ground particulate matter concentrations in India (LongPMInd)
Authors: Wang Shuai , Zhang Mengyuan , Zhao Hui , Wang Peng , Kota Sri Harsha , Fu Qingyan , Liu Cong , Zhang Hongliang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Severe airborne particulate matter (PM, including PM2.5 and PM10) pollution in India has caused widespread concern. Accurate PM concentrations are fundamental for scientific policymaking and health impact assessment, while surface observations in India are limited due to scarce sites and uneven distribution. In this work, a simple structured, efficient, and robust model based on the Light Gradient-Boosting Machine (LightGBM) was developed to fuse multisource data and estimate long-term (1980–2022) historical daily ground PM concentrations in India (LongPMInd). The LightGBM model shows good accuracy with out-of-sample, out-of-site, and out-of-year cross-validation (CV) test R2 values of 0.77, 0.70, and 0.66, respectively. Small performance gaps between PM2.5 training and testing (delta RMSE of 1.06, 3.83, and 7.74 µg m−3) indicate low overfitting risks. With great generalization ability, the openly accessible, long-term, and high-quality daily PM2.5 and PM10 products were then reconstructed (10 km, 1980–2022). This showed that India has experienced severe PM pollution in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), especially in winter. PM concentrations have significantly increased (p<0.05) in most regions since 2000 (0.34 µgm-3yr-1). The turning point occurred in 2018 when the Indian government launched the National Clean Air Programme, and PM2.5 concentrations declined in most regions (−0.78 µgm-3yr-1) during 2018–2022. Severe PM2.5 pollution caused continuous increased attributable premature mortalities, from 0.73 (95 % confidence interval (CI) [0.65, 0.80]) million in 2000 to 1.22 (95 % CI [1.03, 1.41]) million in 2019, particularly in the IGP, where attributable mortality increased from 0.36 million to 0.60 million. LongPMInd has the potential to support multiple applications of air quality management, public health initiatives, and efforts to address climate change. The daily and monthly PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations are publicly accessible at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10073944 (Wang et al., 2023a).
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA DAN MEMIRSA MELALUI MEDIA DISPLAY PADA MATERI MENGENAL HURUF ABJAD
Authors: Abdullah Tarisa T , Jusuf Harni , Pratiwi Wiwik 
Published: August 2024

This research aims to improve the reading and viewing skills of grade 2 students at SDN 1 Limboto Barat on material about recognizing the alphabet. The problem identified was the low reading and viewing ability of students, where around 12 students had not reached the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM). To overcome this problem, this research applies display media as a learning aid. The method used in this research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which involves four main stages: observation, planning, action, and reflection. At the observation stage, researchers identify students' problems and needs. The planning stage involves preparing learning strategies using display media. The action stage involves implementing the plans that have been prepared, while the reflection stage is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the actions taken. Data is collected through observation and tests. The results showed significant improvements in students' reading and viewing abilities. Before the action, only 44.44% of students reached the KKM. However, after using display media, the percentage of students who achieved the KKM increased to 84.71%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the use of display media is effective in improving the reading and viewing abilities of grade 2 students at SDN 1 Limboto Barat. This research makes a positive contribution to efforts to improve the quality of learning, especially in material about recognizing the alphabet, and can be used as a reference for teachers in implementing innovative learning strategies.
Promoção da Saúde na Pandemia: impacto da Covid-19 na prática da Enfermagem na ESF
Authors: Lira Jayara Mikarla de , Nascimento Lilia Costa , Silva Leilane Victoria Dantas e , Carvalho Lara Maria Alves de , Silva Maria Clara Morais da , Guedes Ellen Renalle Martins , Silva Wagner Pereira da , Almeida Júnior José Jailson de 
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: discutir o papel da atuação da equipe de enfermagem mediante a pandemia da COVID-19, reconhecendo sua importância na promoção e educação em saúde, prevenção de doenças e ordenação da atenção à saúde durante a crise. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório-descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, conduzida na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) de Parelhas-RN. A coleta de dados ocorreu no mês de janeiro de 2022, utilizando entrevistas semiestruturadas com a equipe de enfermagem, e a seleção dos participantes foi feita focando nestes profissionais. Resultados: A amostra do estudo é composta por um perfil totalmente feminino (100%) e traz uma análise concreta dos dados apresentados, onde avaliamos o impacto das notícias falsas na pandemia e todo um contexto de trabalho de toda uma equipe de enfermagem. Conclusão: A pandemia de COVID-19 impactou significativamente o trabalho da equipe de enfermagem da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) de Parelhas-RN, alterando sua rotina de atendimento, que implicaram em novas adaptações frente às novas demandas exigidas pela pandemia.