bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production of no-carrier-added radiobromine: new nickel selenide target and
optimized separation by dry distillation
Authors: Breunig Katharina , Spahn Ingo , Spellerberg Stefan , Coenen Heinz H. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Nickel(II) selenide (NiSe) was investigated as a new high-current target material for cyclotron production of radiobromine, as it
contains a higher amount of selenium and has a lower melting point than the widely used Cu2Se. Using a slanted target system,
NiSe was successfully tested up to beam currents of 16 μA so far. With regard to the isolation of no-carrier-added
(n.c.a.) radiobromide from the target material, an improved dry distillation device with high yields of 76% – 86% was
developed. The implementation of a special custom-made quartz funnel decreased the dead volume of the apparatus and a quartz capillary
for trapping the radiobromine allowed to concentrate the radioactivity in a small volume of less than 100 μL of
0.1 M NaOH, ready for immediate subsequent radiosyntheses. Thus, the new apparatus improves the handling of the isolation
procedure and the radioactive product. The radiochemical purity of the resulting solution of n.c.a. [*Br]bromide was verified by
radio-IC where no other species were detected.
Chemical contents in Lygeum spartum L. using instrumental neutron activation analysis
Authors: Nedjimi Bouzid , Beladel Brahim 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The present investigation was conducted to determine the chemical contents of Lygeum spartum L. (Poaceae). Samples were
analyzed in order to determine essential (Ca, K, Na, Fe, Co) and some potentially toxic elements (Eu, Sb, Tb) using instrumental
neutron activation analysis (INAA). In general chemical element contents were in substantial amounts to meet adult sheep
requirements. Potential intake of Ca, K, Zn, Co and Fe by ruminant weighing 50 kg BW consuming 2.0 kg per day DM
was sufficient to satisfy their requirements. However, only Na level was still insufficient to meet the requirements for grazing
ruminants. Potential toxic elements in this species were within the safety baseline of all the assayed elements recommended by NRC. Na
supplementation would seem to be necessary in this zone, for optimum productivity of grazing animals.
Political-Knowledge Regimes: Building a New Concept from Selected Policy-Change Events in the Tabaré Vázquez Administration (Uruguay, 2005–2009)
Authors: Garcé Adolfo 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn recent years authors have paid increasing attention to the study of contextual factors that shape the use of research into a country’s public policies. One of the most significant recent contributions to this body of literature is Campbell and Pedersen’s concept of Knowledge Regimes, which focuses on the central characteristics of the relevant social research in a given country. This article is a critique of this concept based on the study of three key policy-change events during the Tabaré Vázquez administration in Uruguay. In order to explain the dynamics of social research it is not merely enough to understand the main features of the supply side; it is also necessary to study the demand. This critical perspective has led to the construction of a new concept.
9-(3,4-Dimethyl-5-pentyl-furan-2-yl) nonanoic Acid and 9-(3,4-DimethyI-5-propyl-furan-2-yl) nonanoic Acid: New Naturally Occurring Peroxidase Inhibitors
Authors: Fuchs Claus T. , Spiteller Gerhard 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
9-(3,4-Dimethyl-5-pentyl-furan-2-yl) nonanoic acid [diMeF(9,5)] and 9-(3,4-dimethyl-5-propyl-furan-2-yl) nonanoic acid [diMeF(9,3)] and its corresponding methyl esters have been assayed for inhibitory activity on horseradish peroxidase (E C 1.11.1.17) by measuring the peroxidase-catalyse decomposition of indole-3-acetic acid. Both compounds and their meth-ylates are com petitive inhibitors to horseradish peroxidase with inhibitor constants (K1) of 50 ± 0.9 × 10-5 ᴍ respectively 5.2 ± 0.8 × 10-5 ᴍ. Development of inhibitory effect requires not only the presence of the furan heterocycle but also of a polar side chain.
Enhancement by Glucose of Low Density Lipoprotein-Oxidation by Peroxynitrite
Authors: Schneider Dagmar , Elstner Erich F. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) by copper ions is not influenced by glucose in a concentration range between 1 and 20 mᴍ . LDL-oxidation by peroxynitrite or the simulta­neous action of nitrogen monoxide and superoxide, produced by morpholino-sydnonimine (SIN-1) is considerably enhanced by typical hydroxyl-radical scavengers such as formate or mannitol and by glucose. Since both free radicals, nitrogen monoxide and superoxide, are produced by activated leukocytes and endothelial cells the presented reaction might repre­sent a simple model for the cooperative function of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glucose in certain diabetic blood vessel diseases such as atherogenesis and retinopathy.
The Structure of the Pyoverdin from Pseudomonas fluorescens 1.3. Structural and Biological Relationships of Pyoverdins from Different Strains
Authors: Georgias Halka , Taraz Kambiz , Budzikiewicz Herbert , Geoffroy Valerie , Meyer Jean-Marie 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The structure of the pyoverdin siderophore of Pseudomonas fluorescens 1.3 was elucidated by spectroscopic methods and chemical degradation. It shows structural similarities with the pyoverdins of several other strains. Whether mutual recognition occurs was investigated by growth tests.
The Lipid and Resin Composition of Laretia compacta Phil, from the Andes of Chile
Authors: Simoneit Bernd R. T. , Didyk Borys M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The lipid/resin components of Laretia compacta were characterized by GC-MS and CSIA. The lipid components consist of n-alkanes, n-alkanoic acids and n-alkanols all with low carbon number maxima and high CPI values. The resin components are comprised of major amounts of tetracyclic diterpenoids with a minor content of mono-and sesquiterpenoids. The kaurene skeleton predominates with some phyllocladenes. Phytosterols are trace components. The δ13C data of the individual alkanes in the hydrocarbon fraction place this species in the C4 plant group.
Influence of Molecular Oxygen on the Chlorophyll Fluorescence Decay of Green Algae
Authors: Oellerich Silke , Berg Daniel , Maier Karlheinz , Terjung Frank 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Chlorella vulgaris, Chlorophyll Fluorescence Quenching, Green Algae, Molecular Oxygen Molecular oxygen can act as a collisional quencher of the singlet excited state of chlorophyll a. This effect is well described for chlorophyll a in various solvents but not for chlorophyll a in the antenna complexes of photosynthetic organisms. We studied the chlorophyll fluorescence decay of Chlorella vulgaris cells under different oxygen concentrations but did not find any evidence for quenching by oxygen.
Effects of Calcium and Cyclopiazonic Acid on the Photoresponse in the Limulus Ventral Photoreceptor
Authors: Dorlöchter Marlies , Yuan Weijia , Stieve Hennig 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
1. Single-photon responses (bumps) and small macroscopic photocurrents were studied in ventral photoreceptors of the horseshoe crab Limulus. Lowering the calcium concentration in the bath from 10 mᴍ to 250 μᴍ led to increased bump size. Adaptation of the cells by a moderately bright conditioning flash was not impaired.
2. Pressure-injection of 1.2 mᴍ EGTA into the dark-adapted cells resulted in reduced bump size. EGTA weakened the effect of the conditioning light flash although it did not completely abolish light adaptation.
3. The microsomal calcium-ATPase inhibitor cyclopiazonic acid strongly desensitized the cells, and bumps were suppressed below detection. When the bathing saline contained 10 mᴍ calcium, macroscopic photoresponses after extracellular application of the agent had amplitudes smaller than under control conditions but normal response kinetics: The response to a light step still consisted of a fast transient photocurrent and a much smaller plateau. However, when applied in calcium-free bathing saline, cyclopiazonic acid additionally influenced the waveform of the photoresponse. The clear distinction between transient and plateau was no longer possible, and the photocurrent appeared “square”.
4. Our results support the idea that a transient elevation of the cytosolic calcium concentration is obligatory for light adaptation in the ventral photoreceptor. It is also obligatory for the generation of the so-called C2 component of the photocurrent which is represented by “standard” bumps and the fast transient phase of a prolonged response. However, a rise in cytosolic calcium appears not necessary for the initiation of a slow electrical photoresponse.
Structural Elements of Sporopollenin from the Pollen of Torreya californica Torr. (Gymnospermae): Using the 1H-NMR Technique
Authors: Ahlers Friedhelm , Lambert Jörg , Wiermann Rolf 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Sporopollenin was isolated and purified from pollen of the gymnospermae Torreya californica using an enzymatic treatment followed by extraction with organic solvents. 1H -NMR (ID and 2D) was used for analysis of this biopolym er and reveals the presence of three phenolic com pounds. Comparison with the analysis of sporopollenin from the angiospermae Typha angustifolia L. shows high similarity between the aromatic compounds
Purification and Characterization of an S-adenosyI-L-methionine:flavonoid 3'-0-methyltransferase from Leaves of Trillium apetalon Makino
Authors: Nakamura Yuki , Teramoto Susumu , Yoshitama Kunijiro 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In the leaf extract of Trillium apetalon (Liliaceae) distributed in Japan, an enzyme was demonstrated which catalyzes a m ethyl group transfer from S-adenosyl-ʟ-m ethionine (SAM) to the 3′ position of quercetin and its glycosides. The enzyme ( Trillium F3′OMT ) was purified 433-fold with a yield of 0.2% by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation and chromatographies of DEAE - cellulose, SAH-EAH-Sepharose 4B , Sephacryl S-200 and additional chrom atofocusing. Trillium F3′OMT has a pH optimum of 7.0 and a pi of 5.3. The apparent m olecular weight was estimated by Sephacryl S-200 to be about 78 kD a; SD S-PAGE profile showed that the enzyme was a dim er com posed of MW 38 kDa 2 subunits. The enzyme activity was stimulated by EDTA and dithiothreitol (DTT), but strongly inhibited by p-chlorom ercuribenzoate (PCMB) and iodoacetate. The activity was m oderately inhibited by Mg2+ and Zn2+, and strongly inhibited by Co2+, Mn2+ and Hg2+. The apparent Km values for quercetin and SAM were 10 μm and 3.6 μm , respectively. Lower substrate specificity of the glycosides compared with quercetin indicates that methylation precedes glycosylation in flavonoid biosynthesis of T. apetalon
Oxygenation of Nucleosides by Peroxide Adduct of Binuclear Iron(III) Complex with a μ-Oxo Bridge
Authors: Ito Sayo , Sasaki Yumiko , Takahashi Yasuyuki , Ohb Shigeru , Nishida Yuzo 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The (μ-oxo)(μ-carbonato)diiron(III) complex with H2(tfda) (H2(tfda) = 2-aminomethyl-tetrahydrofuran-N,N-diacetic acid) exhibited high activity for hydroxylation of 2′-deoxygua-nosine in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, giving 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, but its hy­ droxylation activity towards other nucleosides such as 2′-deoxyadenosine, adenosine or thym­ idine was found negligible. In the case of the Fe(III)-(ed a) complex (H2(eda) = 2-methoxyethylamine-N,N-diacetic acid), hydroxylation occurred mainly at the sugar site, con­verting 2′-deoxyguanosine to guanosine. Based on the spectroscopic and structural properties of these iron(III) compounds, it seems most likely that an intrinsic active species for hydrox­ylation should be an electrophilic peroxide adduct of the (μ-oxo)diiron(III) core with η1 coordination mode, while the contribution of OH· sides is ruled out.
Dielectric Properties of Ribosomal Core Particles Lacking a Select Population of Proteins
Authors: Bonincontro Adalberto , Francesco Alessio De , Risuleo Gianfranco 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In this communication we present a comparative investigation of the dielectric properties of native E. coli 70S and ribosomal cores obtained by LiCl treatment. Previous data obtained in our laboratory showed that ribosomes exhibit two different dielectric dispersions. We show that elimination of some select proteins modifies only the first one and therefore the overall dielectric properties of the ribosome result altered. Ribosomal RNA and proteins remaining in the core particle are mainly responsible for the second dielectric dispersion. Our experimental approach allows an estimation of the size of RNA traits exposed to solvent both in native ribosomes and in core particles where a higher portion of rRNA interacts with the external environment. Furthermore our results are consistent with the idea that proteins remaining after high salt treatment are necessary and sufficient for the maintenance of the basic structural properties of the ribosome.
The Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone GRP94 Is Induced in the Thyrocytes by Cadmium
Authors: Kwon O-Yu , Kim Yong-Jin , Choi Yongmun 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
We established a relationship between the toxic effects of cadmium on the expression of the endoplasmic reticulum (E R) chaperone GRP94 (glucose regulated protein 94) and cell survival in cultured rat-thyrocytes of FRTL5 cells. There are no data reporting that the en­hanced expression of GRP94 by Cd stimulation is detectable in thyrocytes. Western blot analysis revealed higher levels of GRP94 expression in those cells post-treated with low concentrations of Cd, following a step-down treatment method, than in Cd pre-treated cells or cells not treated with any Cd, due to changes in cellular sensitivity after pre-treatment with Cd and the possible induction of GRP94 expression after removal of a low concentration of Cd. Elevated GRP94 expression in thyrocytes post-treated with Cd confers a survival advantage by rendering them resistant to cytotoxic stress, and the existence in the thyrocytes of a Cd-specific pathway regulates the expression of stress proteins by Cd.
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns and Beta-Lactamase Production of Animal and Human Isolates of Campylobacter in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Smith S. I. , Sansa T. I. , Coker A. O. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Forty-three stool samples and rectal swabs were collected from diarrhoeic and 20 non-diarrhoiec patients under 5 years of age at various general hospitals in Lagos. A total of 110 faecal samples from animals (101 from chickens and 9 from pigs) were obtained from Mitchel farm, Agege and Oshodi -Isolo Local Government farms at Ejigbo. Campylobacter species were isolated from 6 (13.9%) of 43 children with gastroenteritis and none from 20 asymptom­atic subjects. Forty-nine (48.5%) isolates from the hundred and one faecal specimen were isolated from chicken, while 3 (33.33%) out of 9 were from pigs. Campylobacter jejuni was the most prevalent accounting for 79% of the total isolates and C. coli accounted for 25% . All the human strains were gentamicin sensitive, while streptomicin and cloxacillin were resistant. Erythromycin had a high activity (83.3%) on human strains and only 59.6% activity on animal strains. About ten percent (9.6%) of the strains produced beta-lactamase.
The Comparative Molecular Study between Bombycidae and Saturniidae Based on mtDNA RFLP and Cytochrome Oxidase I Gene Sequences: Implication for Molecular Evolution
Authors: Hwang Jae-Sam , Lee Jin-Sung , Goo Tae-Won , Kang Hyun-Ah , Sohn Hae-Ryong , Kim Ho-Rak , Kwon O-Yu 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Bombycidae, Saturniidae, mtDNA RFLP, Cytochrome Oxidase I Gene The phylogenetic relationships between Bombyx mori and Bombyx mandarina species of Bombycidae, and Antheraea yamamai and Antheraea pernyi species of Saturniidae were investigated based on mtDNA RFLP and cytochrome oxidase I gene. The sizes of the mtDNA of all the species were estimated at approximately 16 kbp ± 500 bp by total length of all the restricted fragments and no variation in size was recognized. Of the fourteen different restriction endonucleases used, BamHl, Hindlll, Pstl, EcoRl and Xbal showed RFLP. Among these, only Hindlll showed RFLP between B. mori and B. mandarina. A comparative analysis of sequences was also conducted with the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I genes of each species. The results indicated that B. mori shared a 97% , 85% and 87% sequence identity with B. mandarina, A. yamamai and A. pernyi, respectively. B. mandarina shared a 87% and 88% sequence identity with A. yamamai and A. penyi, respectively. A. yamamai shared 92% sequence identity with A. pernyi. The results of the phylogenetic analysis exhib­ited monophyly and confidence limits of more than 99% in all trees for both Bombycidae and Saturniidae.
Effect of Combined Stress on the O2 Scavenging Enzyme Activities in Bean and Poplar Leaves
Authors: Jakab Julia , Király István , Páldi Emil , Láng Ferenc 
Published: February 2015

Wounding, Drought, Elicitation, Catalase, Peroxidase The activity of O2-scavenging enzymes in bean leaves in different positions and poplar leaves in different leaf storeys was investigated. The effects of wounding, elicitation and drought and the combination of these treatments at various levels were studied.
Distal bean leaves showed higher responsiveness than those opposite the treated leaves. Poplar leaves above the treated ones proved to be more active than those in lower storeys. A comparison of the interaction of different stress treatments revealed both synergistic and antagonistic effects on the oxidant-generating rate and anti-oxidant synthesis of damaged and non-damaged plant tissues
n-Alkanes and α-Palmitin from Paspalum scrobiculatum Seeds
Authors: Misra Laxminarain , Siddiqi Shahzad A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Hexane and methanol extracts of Paspalum scrobiculatum seeds have yielded several known fatty acids, sterols, unusual straight chain hydrocarbons which are well known for their insect pheromone activity along with the antitumour glyceride, α-palmitin.
Pigments in the Blue Pollen and Bee Pollen of Fuchsia excorticata
Authors: Webby Rosemary , Bloor Stephen 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A comparison of the pigments in Fuchsia extorticata pollen with the pigments extracted from the unusually coloured blue-black “fuchsia” bee pollen confirms the New Zealand tree fuchsia as the source of the bee pollen. The pigments were identified as the p-trans-coumaroylated derivatives of delphindin-, petunidin and malvidin-3-O-glucosides and delphinidin-3-O-(p-cis-coumaroyl-glucoside). The anthocyanins are accompanied by several flavonol glycosides; kaempferol-3-sophoroside, quercetin-3-sophoroside and kaempferol 3-neohesperidoside.
Flavonoids from Ulex Species
Authors: Máximo Patrícia , Lourenço Ana , Feio Sónia Savluchinske , Roseiro Jose Carlos 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Nine flavonoids have been isolated from Ulex jussiaei and U. minor (Leguminosae). From both species the isoflavonoids ulexin A and the new naturally occurring ulexin B have been identified, together with isoderrone, the pterocarpans (-)-maackiain and (-)-4-methoxymaackiain, and the chalcone isobavachromene. The pterocarpan (-)-2-methoxymaackiain was only present in the first species and the isoflavones isolupalbigenin and ulexone A have been identified in the second one. 13C NMR data of isobavachromene, isolupalbigenin and ulexone A are also included. The antifungal activity of the isolated compounds was tested by the bioautographic method against Cladosporium cucumerinum. The most active compounds were the pterocarpans, the chalcone and the isoflavones with non-hydroxylated open chain prenyl substituents.
Sulfonated Triterpenoid Saponins from Fagonia indica
Authors: Shaker Kamel H. , Bernhardt Mirko , Elgamal M. Hani A. , Seifert Karlheinz 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Two new triterpenoid saponins, 3-O-{[ β-ᴅ-4-O-sulfonylglucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-α-ʟ-ara-binopyranosyl}-ursolic acid -28-O-[β-ᴅ-glucopyranosyl] ester (indicasaponin C) and 3-O-{[β-ᴅ-4-O-sulfonylglucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-[β-ᴅ-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)]-α-ʟ-arabinopyranosyl}-ursolic acid -28-O-[β-ᴅ-glucopyranosyl] ester (indicasaponin D) have been isolated from Fagonia indica. The structures were determined primarily by NMR spectroscopy. The assignment of NMR signals was performed by means of 1H -1H COSY, NOESY, ROESY, TOCSY, HMQC and HMBC experiments.
Sesquiterpene Lactones from Centaurea achaia, a Greek Endemic Species: Antifungal Activity
Authors: Skaltsa Helen , Lazari Diamanto , Garcia Begoña , Pedro José R. , Sokovic Marina , Constantinidis Theophanis 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The aerial parts of Centaurea achaia afforded, in addition to several known sesquiterpene lactones and sesquiterpene hydroxyesters, a new germacranolide and a new elemanolide. Their structures were determined as the 8 α-O-(4,5-dihydroxy-tigloyloxy) esters of salonitenolide and of 11,13-dihydromelitensin, respectively. The in vitro antifungal activity of most compounds was tested against nine fungal species using the micro-dilution method. All the tested compounds showed strong antifungal activity.
Absorption Properties of the Carotenoids after Alkaline Denaturation of the Light-Harvesting Complex II from Ectothiorhodospira sp.
Authors: Buche Andre , Picorel Rafael 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Alkaline treatment of the Ectothiorhodospira sp. light harvesting system II induces monomerisation of the bacteriochlorophylls and a bleaching of the carotenoid absorption bands in the visible region. Concomitantly, the maximum of absorption observed around 373 nm shifts towards 354 nm. This shift does not result from the Soret band but from a change of the absorption properties of the carotenoids. Furthermore, these pigments are not modified chemically but the spectral conversion results from environmental changes. It is assumed that the dissociation of the bacteriochlorophylls in alkaline medium is accompanied by a structural reorganisation of the complex which reinforces the interactions between the polypeptides and the carotenoids.
Purification and Properties of Alkaline Phosphatase with Protein Phosphatase Activity from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Galabova Danka , Tuleva Borijana , Vasileva-Tonkova Evgenia , Christova Nelly 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
An alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain 257 was purified 345-fold with specific activity of 54 533 nmol × min−1 × mg protein−1 . It was shown to be a dimeric protein (apparent mol. wt. approx. 130 kDa) with optimum activity at pH 8.6 - 8.8 and good stability at 50 °C. The ALPase was a non-specific enzyme hydrolyzing a wide variety of monophosphate esters. The enzyme showed protein phosphatase activity and this activity was not Mg2+ - dependent in contrast to p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) activity. The Km value for pNNP hydrolysis was determined to be 2.2 × 10−5 м. Orthophosphate inhibited the enzyme in a competitive mode with the Ki of 2.3 x 10−4 м. Phosphate transfer of the ALPase is almost zero with all alcohols tested except for Tris.