bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Some more on the basis finite automaton
Authors: Melnikov Boris , Melnikova Aleksandra 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
We consider in this paper the basis finite automaton and its some properties. We shall also consider some properties of special binary relation defined on the sets of states of canonical automata for the given language and for its mirror image. We shall also consider an algorithm of constructing the basis automaton defining the language which has a priory given variant of this relation.
Feminity – An Image of Alterity in The Girl from the Forest by Ioan Slavici
Authors: Petre Andreea 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The short-story The Girl from the Forest by Ioan Slavici emphasises, from a modern perspective, the encounter with the Other, represented here by the feminine character, Simina. The Girl from the Forest can be read as a drama of excessive beauty, taking into account the fact that, in Romanian literature, the beauty of the positive feminine character was a datum, harmonised with a matching character, until Slavici; with Simina from The Girl from the Forest, feminine beauty becomes, first of all, a source of selfconfedence, it confers self-awareness and helps the woman to overcome the traditional condition of a passive individual. A complex character, Simina transfigures her maternal vocation in an attempt to save the man she loves. This is the moment when the relationship with the Other (Man, Master, Father) reaches the point of conflict. Simina is a figure of otherness because, although all the characters belong to the same environment, the rural country, the economic and social status differences are obvious, and, in the encounters with the Other, the feminine character refuses to behave submissively; she is an active protagonist, who takes full responsibility for her desire to valorise her subjectivity.
Inventing the Enemy. When Propaganda Becomes History
Authors: Andriescu Garcia Anca 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Umberto Eco’s latest novel. The Prague Cemetery, has a complicated metatextual plot in which, as the writer himself stated, he attempts to create the most repugnant of all literary characters, in other words, some sort of “perfect loather" who detests everyone, including himself. I will discuss the various stereotypes of otherness, the way these stereotypical images interact, and how the author weaves the prejudices related to almost every European nationality, but mostly to the Jews, into the image of the “supreme enemy," an image divested of any ornament and so presumptuous that it becomes almost dense. Moreover, in relation to the image I mentioned above. I analyse the mechanisms language uses as a vehicle of deception especially when it describes what is familiar in propagandist texts. I also focus on the different fictional filters applied to real historical events (and texts) in order to entice the reader into trying to decipher a complex and factitious labyrinth in which the barrier between truth and fiction no longer matters, it is purely accidental, and has only one purpose-to generate conspiracies.
Appeal to the Witness. The Role of Romanian Post-Communist Witness Literature in Outlining National (Self-)Images
Authors: Sasu Laura 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to identify and investigate the role of Romanian post-communist witness literature for contemporary historiography in outlining national and social (self-)images. This type of literature, written mostly by former political detainees, is perceived by literary criticism as a specific borderline segment partly relevant as historical documents and partly as literary texts. Applying the conceptual pattern coined by Giorgio Agamben. in his analysis based upon the national socialist concentration camp, to post-communist depositional literature reveals two focal directions of imagological relevance: on the one hand, the points of similarity and difference of totalitarian practices in creating stereotypes, cultivating the sense of absolute antagonist otherness and promoting distorted ethnic, social and national images and. on the other hand, the particular contributions and limitations posed by the post-totalitarian depositional discourse in (re)-creating national and social (self-)images.
Post-Medium Literature? Two Examples of Contemporary Scandinavian
Authors: Bruhn Jørgen 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This article discusses two contemporary Scandinavian literary texts: Ursula Andkjaer Olsen’s Danish book of poetry called Havet er en scene [The Sea Is a Stage], and Abo Rasul’s (pseudonym for Matias Faldbakken) Norwegian novel Unfun. I intend to show that these texts exemplify two very different but nevertheless comparable positions in contemporary Scandinavian literature. Despite the differences, they resemble each other in that they actively mix medial constellations to offer social critique, and the aim of this article is thus to investigate the specific relation between medial mixture and social critique.
Numerical Analysis of Wave Phenomena in Hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin and Zahorski Materials
Authors: Major Izabela 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This paper focuses on presentation of waves phenomena that occur during propagation of disturbance in continuous incompressible hyperelastic structures, described with elastic potential. Numerical analysis demonstrated differences during the propagation of disturbances in the commonly used model of Mooney-Rivlin material compared to less popular Zahorski material. The obtained result is also likely to contribute to development of new forms of practical application of nonlinear rubber and rubber-like materials for technological solutions, including those used in the broadly understood construction sector.
Characteristic-Based Split Meshless Solution for Couette Flow
Authors: Mužík Juraj 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The paper deals with use of the meshless method for incompressible fluid flow analysis. There are many formulations of the meshless methods. The article presents the Meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin method (MLPG) - local weak formulation of the Navier-Stokes equations. The shape function construction is the crucial part of the meshless numerical analysis in the construction of shape functions. The article presents the radial point interpolation method (RPIM) for the shape functions construction
Standardized regulations for the analysis of tobacco and tobacco smoke / Einheitliche Vorschriften für die Analyse von Tabak und Tabakrauch
Authors: Wissenschaftliche Forschungsstelle im Verband der Cigaretten  
Published: June 2014

Abstract
1. Vorschrift für das maschinelle Abrauchen von Cigaretten 2. Vorschrift für die Bestimmung der Gesamtkondensate von Cigarettenrauch 3. Vorschrift für die Abtrennung und Bestimmung einzelner Fraktionen der Gesamtkondensate
The post-crisis strategies of exchange banks in Poland in the context of their operating effectiveness
Authors: Włodarczyk Bogdan 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The global financial crisis changed the customers’ approach to the banking sector. Nowadays, banks are often perceived not as public trust institutions, but enterprises operating with a huge risk on a highly competitive market and set on a short-term profit. Such an approach and the financial results of the global financial crisis influence the banking sector in a direct and indirect way. As a result, banks in the post-crisis period had to adopt such operating strategies, which allowed them to rebuild the trust and successfully and effectively function on the financial service market. The aim of the article is the analysis of the management strategy adopted by banks and the evaluation of their effectiveness in the postcrisis period. The author presents a thesis that the change in the strategies of managing a bank after the crisis in 2008 resulted in limiting the risk and increasing the effectiveness of bank operating. In order to verify the thesis, the available materials on the strategies adopted by the exchange banks were compared and their effectiveness in the years 2009-2012 was analyzed.
Analysis of Selected Investment Fund Type Ranking Position – PROMETHEE Method Application
Authors: Kucharski Adam 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
We decided to use the PROMETHEE method to rank selected types of investment funds offered on the Polish market. In our deliberations, we took an interest in the investor with a certain aversion to risk who chooses from among treasury securities or stable growth funds. We took into consideration whole ranking lists made for half-yearly periods from 2010 to 2012 instead of the specific objects pointed by model. We decided to check whether, among investment products of interest to us, there are stable relationships over time arising from their ranking positions that allow to identify regular groups of leaders and outsiders. Moreover, we checked the influence of the fund size measured by the value of its assets on its ranking position.
Financial situation of insurance sector for example, a Stock – Exchange Company PZU
Authors: Trippner Paweł 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The insurance system is a very important element of the financial system of a country. As institutions of public trust, insurance companies play a crucial role in the process of transforming savings into investments, which directly affects the country’s economic development. Maintaining the insurance sector in a good financial condition guarantees stability of the financial system and economic development of Poland.
The article aims to present the essence of operations of insurance companies as financial institutions, present their role in the economy, and describe various methods of appraising their financial condition.
In order to fulfil the above goals, a research hypothesis is put forward stating that the financial condition of the insurance sector in Poland deteriorated in the analysed period as a result of an adverse impact of turbulence in financial markets and problems in financial systems in the European Union countries.
Options in Corporate Finance Management
Authors: Kamińska Barbara 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Although there are many opinions critical of options, especially after the 2008 scandal, they are becoming increasingly popular in Poland again. Therefore, issues connected with options are not only the subject of interest in academic circles again but also arouse interest of economic entities, allowing enterprises to assess a variety of action strategies. Those instruments enable planning safeguards to protect against various negative future scenarios. Hence, it comes as no surprise that there has been an increase in the number and variety of enterprises that have accepted options as a way to plan for their future. The article provides a brief presentation of options. It also describes one of their pricing methods. Light of the foregoing has been hypothesized that 'valuation of options using mathematical calculators using the binomial model is an effective tool for supporting management positions in futures instruments’.
Disease Fund Management on the example of the Social Insurance Institution for the period between 2008–2012
Authors: Olszewska Małgorzata 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In Poland, after the economic transformation a lot of fields of business lines required adaptation, also in social security. On last years performed some changes in the insurances.
The sick insurance in the common social insurance has been defined as obligatory for the employees, and voluntary at the request of the person. The cash expenditures for benefits from sick insurance of the contribution charges only the employee insured, also employers incur cost connected with the sickness of employees to pay the remuneration for inability for work.
The unfavorable demographic conditions which determine making the decisions also in the past years, modification of rights and levels of benefits from sick insurance was introduced, which did not reduce, but quite contrary, increased expenses, especially for sick and maternity benefits. It means lack for balancing the sick fund and necessity to search an answer in the foreseeable future to the question whether the level of the contribution should not be reviewed and updated.
Young people in the labor market. Improvement or stagnation?
Authors: Sobocka–Szczapa Halina 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study is that evaluate the situation of young people on the labor market in Poland and the European Union, as well as to identify the main determinants have an impact That on it. As is clear from the study, in comparison to the average in the countries of European Union, the situation of young people in Poland is even more difficult, as evidenced by Analyzed in this elaboration parameters characterizing both economic activity and unemployment. In Celui improve the competitive position of young people, it is necessary to implement a series of actions, especially those that enable them to acquire skills in line with the expectations of employers. In the analyzes Assumed ages 15-24 years. The lower limit of age is specified to polish law of so-called the minimum age at Which you can hire an employee, and the upper limit-is consistent with international findings.
Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC™) as a Tool of Performance Measurement
Authors: Fijałkowska Justyna 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Measurement of the performance of organization is crucial for proper economic decisions. Traditionally, it was focused mainly on financial indicators, that in the Information and Knowledge Era are no longer sufficient and do not reflect in a transparent, complete and cohesive way the multi-dimensional outcomes of business units activities. With the increase of knowledge and other intangibles as the sources of competitive advantage and future viabilities of business units, the performance measurement process must be enlarged by new approaches and new indicators.
This aim of this article is to outline the evolution of the concept of measuring the companies’ performance and to present one of the methods for evaluation of enterprises’ performance - VAIC ™ - which by the definition of its author should satisfy the requirements of the New Economy [Pulic 2000, pp. 702-771]. This article focuses on highlighting the characteristics of this method and the algorithm of its calculation. It also attempts to assess the VAIC™ method, indicating its validity and usefulness. The practical example of VAIC™ calculation and interpretation in Polish media sector companies is used, covering the period of analysis of 2007-2011.
The Usefulness of Integrated Reports for Stock Market Investors
Authors: Sobczyk Monika 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The huge risks associated with decisions made by key players in the capital market, i.e. investors, encourage them to explore any useful information. Therefore, stock market investors have an increasing interest in expenditures and achievements in all aspects of business activities of any corporation in which they may invest. Traditionally, they look for financial information, and increasingly for non-financial information as well, that all are about activities which are determined by and have implications to the natural environment, the society, and corporate governance (ESG). As a result, this information creates the image of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), and investors, who in the construction of investment portfolios take into account non-economic criteria, create Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) market.
The aim of the paper is to highlight the need to satisfy market investors' expectations of CSR information by the companies listed on the stock exchange. Secondly, the aim of this paper is to indicate characteristics that make financial and non-financial information presented in Integrated Reports useful for stock market investors.
As a result it has been confirmed that there is a need to produce business reports in which corporate approach to social responsibility is taken into account. Moreover, characteristics of non-financial information which are about their usefulness for investors in the process of decision-making have been identified and whether market regulators show an interest in integrated reporting has been established.
Causes and Scale of Winter Flights in Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera Carnica ) Colonies
Authors: Węgrzynowicz Paweł , Gerula Dariusz , Bieńkowska Małgorzata , Panasiuk Beata 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Winter honey bee losses were evaluated during the two overwintering periods of 2009/2010 and 2010/2011. The research included dead bee workers that fell on the hive bottom board (debris) and the ones that flew out of the hive. Differences were observed in the number of bees fallen as debris between the two periods, whereas the number of bees flying out was similar in both years. No differences were found between the numbers of dead bees in strong and weak colonies. The percentage of bees flying out of the colony increased in the presence of Nosema spores, Varroa infestation, increased average air temperature, and insolation during the day. In addition, both the presence of Nosema and insolation during the day had an impact on the number of bees that died and fell on the hive board.
Use and Limitations of the Reserve Requirement Policy in Montenegro
Authors: Milošević Velibor 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Since reserve requirement is the only monetary policy instrument used in Montenegro, it has been subject to frequent amendments since the global crisis outbreak. The analysis of the monetary demand model showed that there is an active transmission mechanism of change in the reserve requirement rate on the deposits trend reflects on lending activity. Also, there is a significant impact of FDIs on deposits trending in the banking system, as well as the positive impact of turnover on stock exchange on the deposits and loans trend. Finally, it was found that the financial crisis has caused negative trends in loans and deposits. On the other hand, the impact of changes in the reserve requirement on the economic activity in Montenegro could not be determined. This is primarily due to the fact that the transmission mechanism of the effect of reserve requirement on economic activity is too long to be able to estimate the model that does not allow the dynamics of the independent variables. The second reason is that industrial output index is only an indirect indicator of the economic activity.
Distribution of Sceliphron curvatum Smith, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae) in Poland
Authors: Bilański Piotr , Kołodziej Zbigniew , Bury Jarosław 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In Poland, 31 new localities of Sceliphron curvatum (SMITH, 1870) have been found, including 23 documented localities and 8 undocumented localities requiring confirmation. Based on the locations of the new localities of S. curvatum as well as those already known from the literature, it has been possible to map where in Poland this species appears as well as the northern limits of its range.
Food of adult diving beetles Colymbetes fuscus (Linnaeus, 1758) and C. striatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) in the Zehlau Peatbog and in oxbow lakes and fens (the Biebrza Marshes)
Authors: Frelik Anna 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe study involved the analysis of the foregut content of 120 adult specimens of Colymbetes fuscus and C. striatus collected in aquatic habitats in the Biebrza Marshes (Poland) and the Zehlau Peatbog (Russia). The gut content comprised animals (including eggs of aquatic invertebrates), plants and detritus. Larvae of Ephemeroptera were common in beetles from the Biebrza Marshes. The gut content also included Dytiscidae, Cladocera, Chironomidae and other Diptera, Copepoda, other insects, other Coleoptera aquatica, Heteroptera, Acari, Ostracoda, Culicidae and Asellus aquaticus. In the Zehlau Peatbog, both of the beetle species fed predominantly on the larval stages of Chironomidae (Diptera). The gut content also included adult terrestrial insects and spiders.
Dye decolorisation by laccase immobilised in lens-shaped poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel capsules
Authors: Stloukal Radek , Watzková Jarmila , Gregušová Barbora 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn this study, laccase (from Trametes versicolor, 8.3 U mgenz−1) was used for the decolorisation of Saturn Blue L4G (10 mg L−1). The efficiency of the decolorisation (ratio between the amount of decolorised dye and initial amount of dye) by a free enzyme was 48 % and the decolorisation rate was determined at 2.11 × 10−3 mgdye mgenz−1 min−1. After immobilisation in lens-shaped poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel capsules LentiKats® Biocatalyst (LB) (concentration of immobilised enzyme: 4 mg per g of particles; volume-loading rate of LB: 10 g per 100 mL of medium), the enzyme retained 16.1 % of its original activity (1.34 U mgenz−1). Immobilised laccase was used for the dye decolorisation in 130 repeated batch tests with 71 % efficiency (LB activity: 7 × 10−3 mgdye min−1 gLB−1). In continuous mode (after 716.5 h), the efficiency of the dye decolorisation was 48 % (LB activity: 3.3 × 10−4 mgdye min/−1 gLB−1).
Design considerations and solutions in rapid-prototyping an ultraviolet reactor for ice borehole disinfection
Authors: Keen Peter W. , Brito Mario P. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAntarctic subglacial lakes are of great interest to the science community. These systems are considered to be in pristine condition, potentially harbouring an environment containing undisturbed sedimentary sequences and ecosystems adapted to cold oligotrophic environments in the absence of sunlight. Gaining access to subglacial lakes presents major technological challenges. To comply with conventions covering the exploration of pristine Antarctic environments, access should be conducted so the lake is not contaminated in any way. Consequently, all equipment to enter the lake must be sterile and the entrance should isolate the lake from the external environment. Currently, clean access to these environments is achieved using a hot-water drilling system. Differences between the hydraulic pressure head of the lake and the glacial surface result in a section of the borehole being air-filled. It is imperative that this section is disinfected prior to introducing any sampling equipment. This paper describes the design process involved in rapid-prototyping an ultraviolet (UV) disinfection reactor for achieving this goal. Considerations such as UV output, physical constraints, temperature management, and deployment procedures are assessed. We present a design that addresses these considerations.
Novel wireless sensors for in situ measurement of sub-ice hydrologic systems
Authors: Bagshaw E.A. , Lishman B. , Wadham J.L. , Bowden J.A. , Burrow S.G. , Clare L.R. , Chandler D. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWireless sensors have the potential to provide significant insight into in situ physical and biogeochemical processes in sub-ice hydrologic systems. However, the nature of the glacial environment means that sensor deployment and data return is challenging. We describe two bespoke sensor platforms, electronic tracers or ‘ETracers’, and ‘cryoegg’, for untethered, wireless data collection from glacial hydrologic systems, including subglacial channels. Both employ radio frequencies for data transmission, are designed to endure harsh environmental conditions and can withstand low temperatures, high pressure, turbulence and abrasion. We discuss the design, optimization and field testing of the ETracers and cryoegg, culminating in test deployments beneath the Greenland ice sheet. The small, low-cost ETracers were able to travel through subglacial drainage channels, from where they returned water pressure measurements through 100 m of ice, and could measure water depth in crevasses. The larger cryoegg was able to return multi-parameter data from moulins through 500 m of wet ice to receivers up to 2 km away, and from 12 m depth in a proglacial lake to a receiver on the shore. The tests demonstrate that the cryoegg and ETracers are low-power, versatile, robust wireless sensor platforms suitable for glacial environments, which may be used with portable, low-cost receiving equipment.