bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Resolution Simulations with a Compositional Parallel Simulator for History Matching Laboratory CO2/Brine Core Flood Experiment
Authors: Kong Xianhui , Delshad Mojdeh , Wheeler Mary F. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Numerical simulators are essential tools to develop a better understanding of the geologic characteristics of brine reservoirs and to build support for future CO2 storage projects. Modeling CO2 injection requires the implementation of multiphase flow and an equation of state to compute the dissolution of CO2 in brine and vice versa. Capillary pressure and relative permeability need to be consistent with permeability/porosity variations. It is, therefore, crucial to gain confidence in the results of numerical simulators by validating the models and numerical accuracies using lab and field pilot scale results. A published steady state core scale CO2/brine displacement results was selected for our numerical study. The experimental results accompanied by fluid properties, relative permeability and capillary pressure curves, and medical X-ray CT images of subcore porosity, CO2 saturation CT images, and gas saturation histogram. Published saturation measurements provided insight into the role of heterogeneity in final CO2 distribution where slight variation in porosity gives rise to large variation in CO2 saturation distribution.
High resolution compositional simulations of brine displacement with supercritical CO2 are presented using IPARS (parallel compositional reservoir simulator). 3D numerical model of the Berea core was constructed using geostatistical based permeability and porosity distributions. Grid cells were on the order of 1 mm x 1 mm x 6 mm with a total of 32000 cells. The core was initially saturated with brine before the injection of supercritical CO2.Fluid properties were calibrated against the measured data. Capillary pressure and relative permeability curves were based on the measurement with capillary pressure scaling based on Leverett J-function for permeability, porosity, and interfacial tension for every grid element. Simulation results indicated that accurate representation of capillary pressure at small scales was critical. Water drying and the shift in relative permeability had significant impact on final CO2 distribution along the core.
4D Seismic History Matching With Ensemble Kalman Filter - Assimilation on Hausdorff Distance to Saturation Front
Authors: Abadpour Anahita , Bergey Pierre , Piasecki Remi 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Distance to water front parameterization has been implemented and capability of ensemble kalman filter to handle large number of measured data on top of the uncertain parameters has been deployed to benefit from the richness of 4D seismic observation as spatial information in the reservoir. Distance to the observed and predicted water fronts has been calculated using an accurate Fast Marching method and the Hausdorff distance has been calculated to provide the misfit term to perform EnKF updates during the assimilation steps that the 4D observation is available.
Need for proper scheme of localization has been revealed in this study to both ameliorate the quality of the history match and also the posterior geological models.
The proposed workflow has been compared to the direct approach of using cell by cell inverted water saturation as a 4D seismic derived observation to perform the history match. Result showed not only an important gain in the obtained match but also significant advantage in preserving the geology of post match models.
Prior Model Identification with Sparsity-Promoting History Matching
Authors: Khaninezhad Mohammadreza M. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Construction of predictive reservoir models invariably involves interpretation and interpolation of limited available data and imperfect modeling assumptions that introduce significant subjectivity and uncertainty into the modeling process. A major source of uncertainty comes from the description of the geologic continuity that controls reservoir connectivity and, hence, governs the main fluid displacement patterns and the production efficiency. In particular, identification of anisotropy and heterogeneity in reservoir property distributions (e.g., permeability or porosity) under geologic uncertainty can be quite challenging. Using recent developments in sparse signal processing, we develop a prior model identification (PMI) approach using a mixture modeling framework that utilizes production history to identify and correct errors and biases in prior reservoir continuity (i.e., variogram) model. The method begins by generating a diverse "dictionary" of initial geologic continuity models that reflect a wide range of variability and uncertainty in the prior knowledge about reservoir connectivity. Given this diverse geologic dictionary as a mixture model and the production history, we implement an adaptive sparse reconstruction algorithm to automatically identify incorrect models of reservoir continuity (variogram parameters) during history matching iterations and replace them with more consistent prior model components to improve the production data match. The novel sparse signal recovery algorithm implements a model selection procedure that discriminates against incorrect prior models by heavily penalizing them and promotes models with significant contribution to matching the production data. Unlike conventional history matching techniques that assume a given prior model, this adaptive sparse PMI implementation provides a systematic mechanism for identifying consistent global continuity models from production data in addition to constraining the local variability in the property map to match the observed data. As such, it has significant practical implications for minimizing the subjectivity in prior model specification and the overall history matching workflows. We use two numerical experiments to illustrate the effectiveness of the sparse PMI for detecting and correcting errors in the initial specification of the prior reservoir continuity model. The results clearly demonstrate the suitability of the approach for reliable identification of reservoir connectivity under significant geologic uncertainty.
A New Approach to Improve Linear Solver Performance for a Fully Implicit Coupled System of Reservoir and Surface Network
Authors: Wang Qinghua , Fleming Graham , Lu Qin 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
In a fully integrated reservoir and surface facility simulator, an overlapping multiplicative Schwarz method was chosen to solve the coupled system, using perforated grid blocks as the overlapping layer. But in many cases it was found that this overlapping approach did not improve global linear solver performance, and the matrix for the extended surface network, which included the perforated grid-blocks, was much larger and denser and lost its original tree structure, which taxed the linear solver for the network. Furthermore, the pressure solver for the reservoir domain was totally decoupled from the network domain. The loose coupling in the pressure solution led to the disappointing performance. In most cases, the accuracy of the pressure solution across the reservoir and surface network directly determines the performance of the global linear solver, so it is crucial to define an appropriate global pressure matrix to represent the flow exchange between these two domains.
Taking advantage of a new formulation for a generalized network model of wells and facilities in which node-based variables, pressure and component compositions, are chosen as the primary variables, instead of mixed node and connection- based variables, algebraic methods are designed to reduce the full system matrix, involving pressure and component masses for the reservoir domain and pressure and component compositions for the network domain, to a pressure-only matrix. This global pressure matrix works as the first stage preconditioning matrix in a two-stage solution method. For the reservoir domain, a widely-used IMPES-like reduction method was implemented. This paper focuses on methods to construct the pressure matrix for the network domain and coupling matrices between the domains. Performance comparisons between different approaches are presented.
Development of an Analytical Injectivity Model for Non-Newtonian Polymer Solutions
Authors: Li Zhitao , Delshad Mojdeh 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Polymers are currently used for mobility control and improving sweep efficiency in several field projects. In-situ non-Newtonian polymer rheology is the most crucial factor that affects polymer injectivity. Significant viscosity variations during polymer flood occur in the vicinities of wellbores where velocities are high. Numerical simulations are used to predict the performance and in particular the injectivities of polymer solutions since project economics are sensitive to the injection rates. In this paper, we propose an analytical injectivity model which can be easily implemented in reservoir simulators.
As the size of a wellblock increases, velocity smears, and thus polymer injectivity is erroneously calculated. Because of the complex and strong coupling of polymer apparent viscosity and shear rate, empirical correlations are generally employed. In the University of Texas Chemical flooding simulator, an effective radius was introduced to capture the "grid effect". It is assumed that polymer flux rate in a wellblock is equal to the flux rate using an effective radius. However, this radius is a complicated function of polymer rheology, grid size, and other factors. It should be determined for each well from matching injectivity of coarse-grid with that of fine-grid simulations. This becomes impractical for large-scale field simulations with several hundred wells. Another approach is to use the local grid refinement near wells but this also adds to the computational cost and limits the size of the problem. An attractive alternative to previous approaches is based on the Peaceman’s well model.
An analytical model developed for both shear-thinning and shear-thickening polymers is presented. The model and its implementation in the simulator were validated by comparing results of different gridblock sizes and radial numerical simulation. Next, we tested a field case by comparing results of a fine-grid simulation and its up-scaled coarse-grid model. Finally, a pilot-scale polymer flood was simulated. The model successfully captured polymer injectivity in all of these cases with no need to introduce empirical parameters.
There are several ongoing polymer injection field tests where the field injectivities differ significantly from the simulation forecasts. We have developed an analytical model to improve predictability of polymer injectivity during the field projects to help with optimum injection strategies.
The First Report on Mushroom Green Mould Disease in Croatia / Prvi Izvještaj O Bolesti Zelene Plijesni U Hrvatskoj
Authors: Hatvani Lóránt , Sabolić Petra , Kocsubé Sándor , Kredics László , Czifra Dorina , Vágvölgyi Csaba , Kaliterna Joško , Ivić Dario , Đermić Edyta , Kosalec Ivan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractGreen mould disease, caused by Trichoderma species, is a severe problem for mushroom growers worldwide, including Croatia. Trichoderma strains were isolated from green mould-affected Agaricus bisporus (button or common mushroom) compost and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom) substrate samples collected from Croatian mushroom farms. The causal agents of green mould disease in the oyster mushroom were T. pleurotum and T. pleuroticola, similar to other countries. At the same time, the pathogen of A. bisporus was exclusively the species T. harzianum, which is different from earlier findings and indicates that the range of mushroom pathogens is widening. The temperature profiles of the isolates and their hosts overlapped, thus no range was found that would allow optimal growth of the mushrooms without mould contamination. Ferulic acid and certain phenolic compounds, such as thymol showed remarkable fungistatic effect on the Trichoderma isolates, but inhibited the host mushrooms as well. However, commercial fungicides prochloraz and carbendazim were effective agents for pest management. This is the first report on green mould disease of cultivated mushrooms in Croatia
Two Rare Cases Of Central Nervous System Opportunistic Mycoses / Oportunističke Mikoze Središnjega Živčanog Sustava – Prikaz Dvaju Bolesnika
Authors: Mlinarić Missoni Emilija , Baršić Bruno 
Published: February 2013

Abstract This article presents two cases of opportunistic mycoses (OMs) of the central nervous system (CNS) caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus nidulans, respectively. The patients were hospitalised in local hospitals between 2009 and 2011 because of unspecific symptoms (fever, headache, and/or weight lost). Duration of symptoms varied from 4 days to over 2 weeks. The patients were treated with antibiotics and symptomatically. OM was not suspected in any of them. The patients became critically ill with symptoms of CNS involvement and were transferred to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the University Hospital for Infectious diseases (UHID) in Zagreb. None of the patients belonged to the high-risk population for developing OMs. They were not HIV-infected, had no transplantation of bone marrow or solid organ, and were not on severe immunosuppressive chemotherapy. Fungi were isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples and, in one patient, from aspirate of cerebral abscess. Isolation and mycological identification of all fungal isolates and in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of these isolates were done at the Reference Centre for Mycological Diagnostics of Systemic and Disseminated Infections (RCMDSDI) in Zagreb. The patient with cryptococcal meningitis was treated with amphotericin B and fluconazole and the patient with cerebral aspergilloma with voriconazole.
Evaluation of the decorative value of wild-grown Festuca trachyphylla (Hack.) Krajina in the southeastern part of Poland
Authors: Dąbrowska Agnieszka 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
The decorative value of 24 fescue (Festuca trachyphylla) ecotypes from natural habitats in the Lublin region was assessed in the years 2004-2011. Plants with desirable ornamental characteristics were selected and the cuttings were planted in experimental plots in the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University Botanical Garden in Lublin, where they grew in uniform habitat conditions. During the study years, 18 morphological traits that determine the decorative value of grasses were analysed; 11 quantitative traits (length and number of the culm, length of the panicle, number of spikelets in the panicle, number of vegetative stems, length, width and thickness of the leaf blade, length and width of the cauline leaf and diameter of the tuft) and seven qualitative traits (plant growth habit, greenness index of the leaf blade [SPAD], winter greenness, culm colour, waxy coating on the leaf blade, flowering periods and plant condition after 8 years). The analysis of quantitative and qualitative traits demonstrated that F. trachyphylla is a morphologically variable species. The variability is mainly manifested in the inflorescence morphology, length of the leaf blades and number of culms, which have been statistically corroborated by the results of the ANOVA analysis. A considerable degree of variability was also exhibited by plant habit, colour of leaves and culm, wax deposits on the leaves and flowering period. The high morphological variability of this species allowed for the selection of two interesting types among the plant individuals studied, which were characterised by desirable decorative traits. The most decorative features of the selected ecotypes include the shape and colour of the leaves and the plant habit.
Thermodynamical motivation of the Polish energy policy
Authors: Ziębik Andrzej 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Basing on the first and second law of thermodynamics the fundamental trends in the Polish energy policy are analysed, including the aspects of environmental protection. The thermodynamical improvement of real processes (reduction of exergy losses) is the main way leading to an improvement of the effectivity of energy consumption. If the exergy loss is economically not justified, we have to do with an error from the viewpoint of the second law analysis. The paper contains a thermodynamical analysis of the ratio of final and primary energy, as well as the analysis of the thermo-ecological cost and index of sustainable development concerning primary energy. Analyses of thermo-ecological costs concerning electricity and centralized heat production have been also carried out. The effect of increasing the share of high-efficiency cogeneration has been analyzed, too. Attention has been paid to an improved efficiency of the transmission and distribution of electricity, which is of special importance from the viewpoint of the second law analysis. The improvement of the energy effectivity in industry was analyzed on the example of physical recuperation, being of special importance from the point of view of exergy analysis.
Analysis Of Family Cases With Type I Diabetes Mellitus In A Group Of Pediatric Patients From Constanţa County
Authors: Franciuc Irina , Mihai Cristina Maria , Martinescu Alina , Aftenie Loredana Mariana , Honcea Adina 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The aim of this study was to present the cases with family history of type 1 diabetes in a group of pediatric patients from the Clinic of Pediatrics, Constanta County Hospital, and to analyze the risk for relatives conferred by presence of particular DR genotypes. 8 out of 60 index cases had relatives affected with type 1 diabetes (13.33%). Of these, four had firstdegree relatives affected (6.67%) and were presented here. Although high-risk genotypes were more frequent in the group of familial cases, no association was found between DR genotype and family history of type 1 diabetes when statistical significance was tested (p value 0.119).
Rare Immunodeficiency In A Two-Months-Old Infant
Authors: Oniceanu Florina-Mădălina , Ion Ileana , Leu Elena , Apostol Adriana , Adumitresi Cecilia , Rădulescu Ninela , Farcaş Cristina , Ştefănescu Anabella-Cristiana , Chirică R. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Chronic granulomatous disease is a diverse group of hereditary diseases characterized by neutrophils incapacity or difficulty to form reactive oxygen compounds, most important, the superoxide radical, used to kill certain pathogens. The consequence is recurrent infections with germs with normally low pathogenicity and formation of supurative granulomas. The authors present a pathology case of immunodeficiency rarely seen in pediatrics: chronic granulomatous disease in a 2 months old infant. The positive diagnosis was based on clinical presentation, dominated by lymphadenopathy, pemphigoid skin lesions, bilateral ear secretion, growth failure, hepatomegaly. Physical presentation correlated with laboratory studies (Bursttest), chest radiography and CT imaging, moderate inflammatory syndrome, low platelets level and the presence of fibrin monomers suggested a neonatal sepsis having on the background a X-linked immunodeficiency (the patient being the only male survivor in his family, with 4 healthy sisters). The specific feature in this case was early onset of the disease, with clinical, but most important, pulmonary radiological aspect characteristic for chronic granulomatous disease. The prognosis was poor; the baby is readmitted in the hospital after 2 months and he dies, having clinical aspect of sepsis unresponsive to the applied intensive therapy. The histological findings enhanced numerous pulmonary and hepatic microabscesses.
Postmortem Traumatic Lesions Produced In Storm Conditions In Black Sea – Case Presentations
Authors: Popa Marius Florentin 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Drowning represents a mechanical asphyxia form, produced by the obstruction of the air pathways, obstruction in which the air is replaced by a fluid. For the drowning to take place is enough that the breathing orifices (mouth, nose) to be placed in the fluid environment. This paper aims to analyze some special drowning cases, cases in which the traumatic lesions encountered are very rare in the forensic pathology. These postmortem traumatic lesions are very rare encountered in cases of drowning. In the international special literature there are no such cases presented, because these types of traumatic injuries are usually present in death situations due to a much more violent death mechanism - blunt object trauma, driving or train accidents. In the international special literature this types of lesions are not encountered, this aspect being very important to be known and noted, for a pertinent differential diagnosis with other more violent types of death.
Health-promoting Vending Machines: Evaluation of a Pediatric Hospital Intervention
Authors: van Hulst Andraea , Barnett Tracie A. , Déry Véronique , Côté Geneviève , Colin Christine 
Published: February 2013

Purpose: Taking advantage of a natural experiment made possible by the placement of health-promoting vending machines (HPVMs), we evaluated the impact of the intervention on consumers’ attitudes toward and practices with vending machines in a pediatric hospital. Methods: Vending machines offering healthy snacks, meals, and beverages were developed to replace four vending machines offering the usual high-energy, low-nutrition fare. A pre- and post-intervention evaluation design was used; data were collected through exit surveys and six-week follow-up telephone surveys among potential vending machine users before (n=293) and after (n=226) placement of HPVMs. Chi-2 statistics were used to compare pre- and post-intervention participants’ responses. Results: More than 90% of pre- and post-intervention participants were satisfied with their purchase. Post-intervention participants were more likely to state that nutritional content and appropriateness of portion size were elements that influenced their purchase. Overall, post-intervention participants were more likely than pre-intervention participants to perceive as healthy the options offered by the hospital vending machines. Thirty-three percent of post-intervention participants recalled two or more sources of information integrated in the HPVM concept. No differences were found between pre- and postintervention participants’ readiness to adopt healthy diets. Conclusions: While the HPVM project had challenges as well as strengths, vending machines offering healthy snacks are feasible in hospital settings.
Sources ofTransand Saturated Fatty Acids: In the Diets of Vancouver Children
Authors: Mulder Kelly A. , Ferdinands Alexa R. , Richardson Kelly J. , Innis Sheila M. 
Published: February 2013

Purpose: Amounts and sources of trans fatty acids (TFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) were examined in the diets of children aged five to six years after changes in TFA in Canadian foods.Methods: Dietary intake was assessed for 100 Vancouver children, using three 24-hour recalls during parental interviews. Trans fatty acid and SFA intakes and food sources were determined for each child.Results: The TFA intake was 0.71 ± 0.31% of energy, and 12% of children consumed over 1% of energy from TFA. Saturated fatty acids intakes were 12.5 ± 3.39% of energy, and 81% of the children consumed more than 10% of energy from SFA. Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid intakes were 12.0 ± 3.0% and 5.79 ± 2.16% of energy, respectively. Major sources of TFA were dairy products, fast foods, and bakery products. Major sources of SFA were dairy products, processed foods, fast food, and bakery products.Conclusions: The TFA intakes of children aged five to six years have decreased since 2004 to a 95th percentile intake of 1.28% of energy, but more than 80% of children consume over 10% of energy from SFA. Removing TFA from snacks and bakery products would decrease the highest TFA intakes to 1% of energy. This study suggests that increased efforts by industry or educational guidance for parents is required to enable selection of foods lower in TFA, and that greater emphasis is needed on SFA.