bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A modified quasi-boundary value method for an ultraparabolic ill-posed problem
Authors: Zouyed Fairouz , Rebbani Faouzia 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
In this work, we study an ill-posed problem involving two time
variables. Using a modified quasi-boundary value method, we perturb
the final conditions to form an approximate non-local problem. We
show that the approximate problems are well posed and we prove
some convergence results.
Reconstructing conductivities with boundary corrected D-bar method
Authors: Siltanen Samuli , Tamminen Janne P. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The aim of electrical impedance tomography is to form an image of the conductivity distribution inside an unknown body using electric boundary measurements. The computation of the image from measurement data is a non-linear ill-posed inverse problem and calls for a special regularized algorithm. One such algorithm, the so-called D-bar method, is improved in this work by introducing new computational steps that remove the so far necessary requirement that the conductivity should be constant near the boundary. The numerical experiments presented suggest two conclusions. First, for most conductivities arising in medical imaging, it seems the previous approach of using a best possible constant near the boundary is sufficient. Second, for conductivities that have high contrast features at the boundary, the new approach produces reconstructions with smaller quantitative error and with better visual quality.
Conditional stability for thermal convection in a rotating
couple-stress fluid saturating a porous media with temperature- and
pressure-dependent viscosity using a thermal non-equilibrium model
Authors: Sunil  , Choudhary Shalu , Mahajan Amit 
Published: February 2014

Abstract.
A nonlinear stability threshold for convection in a rotating couple-stress
fluid saturating a porous medium with temperature- and pressure-dependent
viscosity using a thermal non-equilibrium model is found to be exactly the
same as the linear instability boundary. This optimal result is important
because it shows that linear theory has completely captured the physics of
the onset of convection. The effects of couple-stress fluid parameter
F, temperature- and pressure-dependent viscosity Γ, interface heat transfer coefficient H, Taylor number TA
, Darcy–Brinkman number

D
˜

a

$\tilde{D}a$

, and porosity modified conductivity ratio γ on the onset of convection have been
investigated. Asymptotic analysis for both small and large values of
interface heat transfer coefficient H is also presented. An
excellent agreement is found between the exact solutions and asymptotic
solutions.
Surface Stabilities of n-type GaN Dependent on Electrolyte under Photoelectrochemical Reactions
Authors: Koike Kayo , Nakamura Akihiro , Sugiyama Masakazu , Nakano Yoshiaki , Fujii Katsushi 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTThe n-type GaN has stability problem of the surface anodic corrosion during the photoelectrochemical reaction for H2 generation. The photoelectrochemical surface stabilities of n-type GaN dependent on the electrolytes were investigated. The flatband potential in HCl obtained from Mott-Schottky plot shifted 0.1 V to positive direction compared with that in H2SO4. The variation of saturated photocurrent of 1 to 3 cycles in H2SO4 was much larger than that of HCl, NaOH and KOH. The surface morphologies also changed by the electrolytes. These results show the absorbed materials on the GaN electrode surface during the photoelectrochemical reactions were changed by the electrolyte and affected the surface reactions.
Evaluation of Sub-Gap States in Amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O Thin Films Treated with Various Process Conditions
Authors: Hayashi Kazushi , Hino Aya , Tao Hiroaki , Takanashi Yasuyuki , Morita Shinya , Goto Hiroshi , Kugimiya Toshihiro 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTIn the present study, the sub-gap states of amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O (a-IGZO) thin films treated with various process conditions have been evaluated by means of capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics and isothermal capacitance transient spectroscopy (ICTS). It was found that the space-charge densities of the a-IGZO decreased as the oxygen partial pressure was increased during the sputtering of a-IGZO thin films. The ICTS spectra for the 4, 8, and 12 % samples were similar and the peak positions were found to be around 1 × 10-2 s at 180 K. On the other hand, the peak position for the 20 % sample shifted to a longer time regime and was located at around 2 × 10-1 s at 180 K. The total densities of the traps for the 4, 8, and 12 % samples were calculated to be 5−6 × 1016 cm-3, while that for 20 % was one order of magnitude lower than the others. From Thermal desorption spectrometer, it was found that desorption of Zn atoms started at a temperature higher than 300 °C for the 4 % sample, while desorption of Zn was not observed for the 20 % sample. The introduction of the sub-gap states could be attributed to oxygen-rich and/or Zn-deficient defects in the a-IGZO thin films formed during thermal annealing.
Low Temperature Preparation of KNbO3Films by Hydrothermal Method and Their Characterization
Authors: Kaneko N. , Shiraishi T. , Kurosawa M. , Shimizu T. , Funakubo H. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTKNbO3films were prepared at 100 - 240°C on (100)cSrRuO3//(100)SrTiO3substrates by hydrothermal method using KOH and Nb2O5as source materials. The incubation time before starting deposition and the deposition rate after starting deposition increased and decreased with decreasing deposition temperature, respectively. Epitaxial {100}c-oriented KNbO3films with 300 nm thick were successfully obtained at 100°C on (100)cSrRuO3//(100)SrTiO3substrates for 144 h. We observed the typical butterfly-shape strain curves originated from the piezoelectricity for the first time for KNbO3films deposited down to 120°C.
Pressure Dependence of Crystal Growth in a Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Superconductor Prepared by Shock Compression
Authors: Kameya Takaki , Tomioka Shigeya , Kezuka Hiroshi , Tsuruoka Makoto , Arisawa Shunichi , Endo Tamio , Endo Kazuhiro , Chen Liliang , Mashimo Tsutomu 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTIn this paper, the effect of shock compression on the synthesis of a Bi-based oxide superconductor was investigated. Bi1.85-Pb0.35-Sr1.90-Ca2.05-Cu3.05-Ox calcined powder was shock-compacted around 20 GPa and 30 GPa, and divided specimens were annealed at 845 °C for 1, 6 and 48 hours. The specimens were evaluated by x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope.
Improved Light Outcoupling from OLED by Non-Wave-Guiding Anode Designs
Authors: Slawinski M. , Brast M. , Zhang X. D. , Merget F. , Witzens J. , Heuken M. , Vescan A. , Kalisch H. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTWe improve the efficiency of a bottom-emitting red phosphorescent organic light emitting diode (OLED) by the suppression of wave-guided modes in the bottom contact. ITO as bottom contact layer has been substituted by a thin Ti/Au layer. Electromagnetic simulation results of both devices predict the absence of TE polarized guided contact modes by the use of 10 nm Au as bottom electrode. We measured an improved outcoupling of light which overcompensates absorption losses of the Ti/Au layer in the measured emission cone. By the use of 1 nm Ti as undercoat, a continuous Au film of 8 nm thickness could be realized with an improved transmittance for long wavelengths (λ > 550 nm). As a consequence of fewer lateral guided modes, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) has been enhanced from 11.5 % of the standard device to 14 % of the device with the Ti/Au electrode.
Theoretical energy yield of GaAs-on-Si tandem solar cells
Authors: Liu Haohui , Ren Zekun , Liu Zhe , Brandt Riley E. , Mailoa Jonathan P. , Siah Sin Cheng , Aberle Armin G. , Buonassisi Tonio , Peters Ian Marius 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTIII-V on Si multijunction solar cells represent an alternative to traditional compound III-V multijunction cells as a promising way to achieve high efficiencies. A theoretical study on the energy yield of GaAs/Si tandem solar cells is performed to assess the performance potential and sensitivity to spectral variations. Recorded time-dependent spectral irradiance data in two locations (Singapore and Denver) were used. We found that a 4-terminal contact scheme with thick top cell confers distinctive advantages over a 2-terminal scheme, giving a yield potential 21% higher than the 2-terminal scheme in Singapore and 17% higher in Denver. The theoretical energy yield benefit of a 4-terminal device emphasizes the need for further technology development in this design space.
A comparative analysis of Lubelskie and Kujawsko-Pomorskie voivodships in the context of environmental competitiveness of regions
Authors: Kasztelan Armand 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe aim of the study is an analysis of the environmental competitiveness of Lubelskie and Kujawsko-Pomorskie voivodships. There was performed an analysis of indices of the condition and protection of the environment, and also of the pressures placed on the environment in particular regions in order to assess the environmental competitiveness of Polish voivodships using a rating method (point one). The comparison of Lubelskie and Kujawsko-Pomorskie voivodships leads to the conclusion that these regions are characterised by a relatively good environmental potential, creating chances for specialisation in a range of those forms of economic activity which are based on the use of environmental resources and values.
Tourism and the visit rate in the tourism regions in Eastern Slovakia from the point of selected indicators
Authors: Klamár Radoslav 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe submitted paper deals with the problem of tourism development and the visit rate in the selected region of Eastern Slovakia consisting of six specified tourism regions. The individual regions are briefly presented from the perspective of their potential for the development of selected tourist activitiesonsequently, based upon basic statistic information, the development and the structure of their accommodation facilities, beds, visitors, earnings, etc. are analysed while at the same time the most significant problems and disparities are pointed to. In the conclusion the possibilities of the development in the form of holiday models and their location within the evaluated territory of Eastern Slovakia are proposed.
Health condition of ageing populations of the European Union
Authors: Sojka Elżbieta 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe paper is a comparative analysis of health condition of EU-27 states that are differentiated with respect to demographic situation and the level of social and economic development with the use of methods of multidimensional comparative analysis. Relationships between macroeconomic values and health indices of EU populations were also studied with the use of demometric models. The study was performed for 2009. The most favourable health situation (in the light of diagnostic qualities adopted for the study) was observed in Cyprus, where the value of synthetic measure was almost 0.9. Cyprus is a relatively young country, with the lowest rate of mortality due to malicious tumours among all the countries of the European Community. Apart from Cyprus, Ireland was found in the first group (the lowest rate of people at 65+ years of age of all EU countries), Luxembourg (low rate of infant mortality) and Spain (relatively low mortality due to diseases of circulatory system). Definitely the worst health situation was observed in majority of the countries of the former Eastern bloc. On the grounds of the correlation diagram it was possible to conclude that, together with social and economic development of the country and resulting growth in expenditures on health protection per capita, mean life expectancy at birth significantly extended. However, these relations are not linear. Logarithmically constructed regression functions proved a strong and statistically significant impact of macroeconomic values on indices of population health condition.
Sri Lanka: Physical Reconstruction and Economic Development as Conflict Prevention Factors
Authors: Đevoić Boženko 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
This article gives an overview of the 26 year long ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka and examines physical reconstruction and economic development as measures of conflict prevention and postconflict reconstruction. During the years of conflict, the Sri Lankan government performed some conflict prevention measures, but most of them caused counter effects, such as the attempt to provide “demilitarization”, which actually increased militarization on both sides, and “political power sharing” that was never honestly executed. Efforts in post-conflict physical reconstruction and economic development, especially after 2009, demonstrate their positive capacity as well as their conflict sensitivity. Although the Sri Lankan government initially had to be forced by international donors to include conflict sensitivity in its projects, more recently this has changed. The government now practices more conflict sensitivity in its planning and execution of physical reconstruction and economic development projects without external pressure.
The “Comprehensive village renewal programme in Burgenland” as a means a strengthening the social capital in rural areas
Authors: Damyanovic Doris , Reinwald Florian 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
In this paper, the results of the study of the comprehensive village renewal programme in Burgenland are considered in the light of the concept of social capital. Changes to the social structures and demographic changes have a strong impact on the formation of social capital in the villages and are therefore a central challenge facing the policies of the municipalities. An objective in the further development of the programme for comprehensive village renewal is to strengthen the local and regional social capital. The implementation of participative village renewal processes has the potential for increasing social capital in the villages, but certain conditions need to be in place for this. The paper analyses and discusses how the programme has contributed to date to the formation of social capital, what opportunities the municipalities have and what instruments they will need in future to build up the social capital that is crucial to sustainable village development.
How can “gender planning” contribute to tackle the challenges of demographic change?
Authors: Wankiewicz Heidrun 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Ageing society, lack of skilled workforce, changes in work life careers and changes in partner and family models, a shift in societal roles of women and men, young and old, migration flows from rural to urban, multiple residences and new forms of housing and the related spatial impacts are in focus of demographic change. It is obvious that demographic change is not to be managed without gender and equality issues. Spatial planning has a crucial role in facing these challenges as spatial planning laws demand to ensure equal access to housing, services and labour markets and to organize transparent and inclusive decision making procedures. The paper explores key concepts, methods and selected case studies from Europe on gender planning trying to focus on the potential for innovating planning discipline and tackling with demographic change issues in rural areas. Cases from Bavaria and Austria compared to rural regions in Eastern Germany with high female emigration show concrete planning approaches.
New Locality Of Viola Jordanii Han Ry In The North-Eastern Italy An D Some Remarks Of Its Distribution In Europe
Authors: Hroneš Michal , Kobrlová Lucie 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
A finding and description of a new locality of rare species of violet Viola jordanii (Violaceae) in the Karst area of north-eastern Italy is reported. Distribution of the species throughout the Europe is briefly discussed.
OPTIMIZATION OF SEA WATERWAY SYSTEM PARAMETERS IN MARINE TRAFFIC ENGINEERING / OPTYMALIZACJA PARAMETRÓW SYSTEMU MORSKICH DRÓG WODNYCH W UJĘCIU INŻYNIERII RUCHU MORSKIEGO
Authors: Gucma Stanisław 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The article defines a system of sea waterways and discusses general principles of modeling such systems. Conditions for safe operation of marine waterway systems are specified. The author's model of waterway parameter optimization herein presented was used in designing a system of approach channels leading to the outer port in Świnoujście, the LNG terminal.
PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF RISK ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA DEVELOPMENT IN MARITIME SHIPPING / PRAKTYCZNE ASPEKTY OKREŚLANIA KRYTERIÓW AKCEPTOWALNOŚCI RYZYKA W ŻEGLUDZE MORSKIEJ
Authors: Abramowicz-Gerigk Teresa , Burciu Zbigniew , Kaminski Piotr 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The paper presents practical aspects of development of acceptable risk levels in maritime shipping with respect to the cooperation of parties involved in maritime safety, commonly used risk acceptance principles, criteria and uncertainties related to their development. The results of analysis of risk assessment methods used for potentially hazardous operations on board ships performed on the basis of extensive studies on the onboard safety management systems is presented. The merits and drawbacks of the approach used in the development of risk acceptance criteria in onboard safety management systems are discussed.
RELIABILITY ANALYSIS OF THE SELECTED BRANDS OF CITY BUSES AT MUNICIPAL TRANSPORT COMPANY / PORÓWNAWCZA ANALIZA NIEZAWODNOŚCI AUTOBUSÓW KOMUNIKACJI MIEJSKIEJ
Authors: Rymarz Joanna , Niewczas Andrzej , Pieniak Daniel 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to present a reliability comparison of city transport buses on the example of Solaris Urbino 12 and Mercedes- Benz 628 Conecto LF at Municipal Transport Company in Lublin. A reliability index for the most failure parts and complex systems for the period of time up to first damage was determined. It has been demonstrated, that during the operation significant reliability differences occur between the buses produced nowadays.
EXPLOITATION OF THE CWSS IN THE ASPECT OF BELONGING TO THE CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE / EKSPLOATACJA SZZW W ASPEKCIE PRZYNALEŻNOŚCI DO INFRASTRUKTURY KRYTYCZNEJ
Authors: Tchórzewska-Cieślak Barbara , Pietrucha-Urbanik Katarzyna 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
CWSS exploitation in terms of belonging to a critical infrastructure is an important issue and requires a detailed analysis. Therefore it is important to develop emergency plans for the supply of drinking water for different crisis situations, as well as detailed analysis of the risk of possible undesirable events in CWSS, in order to develop a comprehensive safety management program of the system. In this work the problems associated with the operation of CWSS in terms of belonging to critical infrastructure were presented. Also the methodology to determine the crisis management time in the WSS, connected with a shortage of drinking water was shown.
Global diffusion tensor imaging derived metrics differentiate glioblastoma multiforme vs. normal brains by using discriminant analysis: introduction of a novel whole-brain approach
Authors: Roldan-Valadez Ernesto , Rios Camilo , Cortez-Conradis David , Favila Rafael , Moreno-Jimenez Sergio 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Background. Histological behavior of glioblastoma multiforme suggests it would benefit more from a global rather than regional evaluation. A global (whole-brain) calculation of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) derived tensor metrics offers a valid method to detect the integrity of white matter structures without missing infiltrated brain areas not seen in conventional sequences. In this study we calculated a predictive model of brain infiltration in patients with glioblastoma using global tensor metrics.
Methods. Retrospective, case and control study; 11 global DTI-derived tensor metrics were calculated in 27 patients with glioblastoma multiforme and 34 controls: mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy, pure isotropic diffusion, pure anisotropic diffusion, the total magnitude of the diffusion tensor, linear tensor, planar tensor, spherical tensor, relative anisotropy, axial diffusivity and radial diffusivity. The multivariate discriminant analysis of these variables (including age) with a diagnostic test evaluation was performed.
Results. The simultaneous analysis of 732 measures from 12 continuous variables in 61 subjects revealed one discriminant model that significantly differentiated normal brains and brains with glioblastoma: Wilks’ λ = 0.324, χ2 (3) = 38.907, p < .001. The overall predictive accuracy was 92.7%.
Conclusions. We present a phase II study introducing a novel global approach using DTI-derived biomarkers of brain impairment. The final predictive model selected only three metrics: axial diffusivity, spherical tensor and linear tensor. These metrics might be clinically applied for diagnosis, follow-up, and the study of other neurological diseases.
A bound for the Milnor number of plane curve singularities
Authors: Płoski Arkadiusz 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Let f = 0 be a plane algebraic curve of degree d > 1 with an isolated singular point at 0 ∈ ℂ2. We show that the Milnor number μ0(f) is less than or equal to (d−1)2 − [d/2], unless f = 0 is a set of d concurrent lines passing through 0, and characterize the curves f = 0 for which μ0(f) = (d−1)2 − [d/2].
An alternative solution of diatomic molecules
Authors: Öztemel Özgür , Olğar Eser 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe spectrum of r −1 and r −2 type potentials of diatomic molecules in radial Schrödinger equation are calculated by using the formalism of asymptotic iteration method. The alternative method is used to solve eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of Mie potential, Kratzer-Fues potential, Coulomb potential, and Pseudoharmonic potential by determining the α, β, γ and σ parameters.
Dilepton creation based on an analytic hydrodynamic solution
Authors: Csanád Máté , Krizsán Levente 
Published: February 2014

AbstractHigh-energy collisions of various nuclei, so called “Little Bangs” are observed in various experiments of heavy ion colliders. The time evolution of the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma created in heavy ion collisions can be described by hydrodynamical models. After expansion and cooling, the hadrons are created in a freeze-out. Their distribution describes the final state of this medium. To investigate the time evolution one needs to analyze penetrating probes, such as direct photon or dilepton observables, as these particles are created throughout the evolution of the medium. In this paper we analyze an 1+3 dimensional analytic solution of relativistic hydrodynamics, and we calculate dilepton transverse momentum and invariant mass distributions. We investigate the dependence of dilepton production on time evolution parameters, such as emission duration and equation of state. Using parameters from earlier fits of this model to photon and hadron spectra, we compare our calculations to measurements as well. The most important feature of this work is that dilepton observables are calculated from an exact, analytic, 1+3D solution of relativistic hydrodynamics that is also compatible with hadronic and direct photon observables.