bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of High‐Dose Statin Pretreatment on the Incidence of Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Grading the Evidence Through a Cumulative Meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhai ChuanNan , Cong HongLiang , Liu YuJie , Zhang Ying , Liu XianFeng , Zhang Hao , Ren ZhiJing 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrevious studies have showed that high‐dose statin pretreatment could reduce the incidence of periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, previous analyses have not performed reliable grading of evidence.HypothesisIn previous analyses, it supposed that the high‐dose statin pretreatment was effective in reduction of the rate of PMI. In this analysis, we evaluated the effect of high‐dose statin pretreatment on the reduction of rate of PMI based on a cumulative meta‐analysis and grading of evidence.MethodsWe assembled the relevant published randomized controlled trials that compared the efficacy of high‐dose statin pretreatment prior to PCI. We evaluated the risk of PMI by a cumulative meta‐analysis, with subgroups stratified by clinical classifications and different statin histories, and we conducted explicit grading of evidence.ResultsHigh‐dose statin pretreatment caused a 55% reduction in PMI through this cumulative meta‐analysis of 23 RCTs (odds ratio [OR]: 0.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.37‐0.54). The effect of high‐dose statin pretreatment was significant for the stable angina subgroup (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.32‐0.56), ACS subgroup (OR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.29‐0.64), and the mixed presentation subgroup (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.36‐0.70). In different statin therapy histories, high‐dose statin pretreatment reduced incidence of PMI 55% in the statin‐naive subgroup (OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.36‐0.56) and 54% in the low‐dose statin subgroup (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.32‐0.66). The GRADE system indicated that the overall evidence quality was moderate. This finding may strengthen the confidence in any recommendations.ConclusionsHigh‐dose statin pretreatment can reduce the rate of PMI, irrespective of either the clinical presentation or previous statin‐treatment history. Importantly, the overall GRADE evidence quality was moderate.
International collaboration between Japan and Chile to improve detection rates in colorectal cancer screening
Authors: Okada Takuya , Tanaka Koji , Kawachi Hiroshi , Ito Takashi , Nishikage Tetsuro , Odagaki Tomoyuki , Zárate Alejandro J , Kronberg Udo , López‐Köstner Francisco , Karelovic Stanko , Flores Sergio , Estela Ricardo , Tsubaki Masahiro , Uetake Hiroyuki , Eishi Yoshinobu , Kawano Tatsuyuki 
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUNDIn Chile, mortality from colorectal cancer (CRC) has increased rapidly. To help address this issue, the Prevention Project for Neoplasia of the Colon and Rectum (PRENEC) program was initiated in 2012 with intensive support from Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) in Tokyo, Japan, as part of an international collaboration.METHODSFrom June 2012 to July 2014, a total of 10,575 asymptomatic participants were enrolled in PRENEC. Participants with positive immunochemical fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) results or a family history of CRC underwent colonoscopy. The colonoscopy results from a similar, previous project in Chile (PREVICOLON) were compared with those from PRENEC. Furthermore, the initial colonoscopies of 1562 participants in PRENEC were analyzed according to whether the colonoscopists were from TMDU or Chile.RESULTSThe complete colonoscopy, adenoma detection, and cancer detection rates were 88.0%, 26.7%, and 1.1%, respectively, in PREVICOLON, while the corresponding values were 94.4%, 41.8%, and 6.0%, respectively, in PRENEC. In PRENEC, 107 cases of CRC were detected, amounting for 1.0% of all participants. Considering initial colonoscopies in PRENEC, the complete colonoscopy, adenoma detection, and cancer detection rates were 97.4%, 45.3%, and 9.3%, respectively, for physicians at TMDU and 93.3%, 41.5%, and 5.1%, respectively for Chilean physicians. The detection rates of intramucosal cancer were 7.3% and 3.7%, respectively, for TMDU and Chilean physicians.CONCLUSIONSQuality indicators of colonoscopy substantially improved from PREVICOLON to PRENEC. The assessments made by Chilean physicians alone were improved in PRENEC, but remained better in the TMDU group. Moreover, physicians from TMDU detected more CRCs than Chilean physicians, especially at earlier stages. Cancer 2016;122:71–77. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Migrate or not? Exploring virtual machine migration in roadside cloudlet‐based vehicular cloud
Authors: Yao Hong , Bai Changmin , Zeng Deze , Liang Qingzhong , Fan Yuanyuan 
Published: October 2015

SummaryVehicle Ad‐Hoc Networks (VANET) enable all components in intelligent transportation systems to be connected so as to improve transport safety, relieve traffic congestion, reduce air pollution, and enhance driving comfort. The vision of all vehicles connected poses a significant challenge to the collection, storage, and analysis of big traffic‐related data. Vehicular cloud computing, which incorporates cloud computing into vehicular networks, emerges as a promising solution. Different from conventional cloud computing platform, the vehicle mobility poses new challenges to the allocation and management of cloud resources in roadside cloudlet. In this paper, we study a virtual machine (VM) migration problem in roadside cloudlet‐based vehicular network and unfold that (1) whether a VM shall be migrated or not along with the vehicle moving and (2) where a VM shall be migrated, in order to minimize the overall network cost for both VM migration and normal data traffic. We first treat the problem as a static off‐line VM placement problem and formulate it into a mixed‐integer quadratic programming problem. A heuristic algorithm with polynomial time is then proposed to tackle the complexity of solving mixed‐integer quadratic programming. Extensive simulation results show that it produces near‐optimal performance and outperforms other related algorithms significantly. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differential Many‐Body Cooperativity in Electronic Spectra of Oligonuclear Transition‐Metal Complexes
Authors: Chmela Jiří , Harding Michael E. , Matioszek Dimitri , Anson Christopher E. , Breher Frank , Klopper Wim 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn computational chemistry, non‐additive and cooperative effects can be defined in terms of a (differential) many‐body expansion of the energy or any other physical property of the molecular system of interest. One‐body terms describe energies or properties of the subsystems, two‐body terms describe non‐additive but pairwise contributions and three‐body as well as higher‐order terms can be interpreted as a measure for cooperativity. In the present article, this concept is applied to the analysis of ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectra of homotrinuclear transition‐metal complexes by means of a many‐body expansion of the change in the spectrum induced by replacing each of the three transition‐metal ions by another transition‐metal ion to yield a different homotrinuclear transition‐metal complex. Computed spectra for the triangulo‐complexes [M3{Si(mtMe)3}2] (M=Pd/Pt, mtMe=methimazole) and tritopic triphenylene‐based N‐heterocyclic carbene Rh/Ir complexes illustrate the concept, showing large and small differential three‐body cooperativity, respectively.
Direct Synthesis of Highly Conductive tert‐Butylthiol‐Capped CuInS2 Nanocrystals
Authors: Lefrançois Aurélie , Pouget Stéphanie , Vaure Louis , Lopez‐Haro Miguel , Reiss Peter 
Published: October 2015

Abstracttert‐butylthiol (tBuSH) is used as the sulfur source, surface ligand and co‐solvent in the synthesis of CuInS2 nanocrystals (NCs). The presented method gives direct access to short‐ligand‐capped NCs without post‐synthetic ligand exchange. The obtained 5 nm CuInS2 NCs crystallize in the cubic sphalerite phase with space group F‐43m and a lattice parameter a=5.65 Å. Their comparably large optical and electrochemical band gap of 2.6–2.7 eV is attributed to iodine incorporation into the crystal structure as reflected by the composition Cu1.04In0.96S1.84I0.62 determined by EDX. Conductivity measurements on thin films of the tBuSH‐capped NCs result in a value of 2.5.10−2 S m−1, which represents an increase by a factor of 400 compared to established dodecanethiol‐capped CuInS2 NCs.
Numerical Investigation Into the Highly Nonlinear Heat Transfer Equation with Bremsstrahlung Emission in the Inertial Confinement Fusion Plasmas
Authors: Habibi M. , Oloumi M. , Hosseinkhani H. , Magidi S. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA highly nonlinear parabolic partial differential equation that models the electron heat transfer process in laser inertial fusion has been solved numerically. The strong temperature dependence of the electron thermal conductivity and heat loss term (Bremsstrahlung emission) makes this a highly nonlinear process. In this case, an efficient numerical method is developed for the energy transport mechanism from the region of energy deposition into the ablation surface by a combination of the Crank‐Nicolson scheme and the Newton‐Raphson method. The quantitative behavior of the electron temperature and the comparison between analytic and numerical solutions are also investigated. For more clarification, the accuracy and conservation of energy in the computations are tested. The numerical results can be used to evaluate the nonlinear electron heat conduction, considering the released energy of the laser pulse at the Deuterium‐Tritium (DT) targets and preheating by heat conduction ahead of a compression shock in the inertial confinement fusion (ICF) approach. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Controlled Levitation of Dust Particles in RF+DC Discharges
Authors: Bastykova N. Kh. , Kovács A. Zs. , Korolov I. , Kodanova S. K. , Ramazanov T. S. , Hartmann P. , Donkó Z. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractExperiments and particle‐based kinetic simulations were performed to obtain the equilibrium levitation height of dust particles in plane parallel electrode discharges in low pressure argon gas, established by combined RF and DC excitation. The computed values were compared to experimental data. The good overall agreement of the simulation results and the experimental data verifies our gas discharge, dust charging, as well as dust force balance models. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Peripheral blood regulatoryTcell levels are correlated with some poor prognostic markers in newly diagnosed lymphoma patients
Authors: Gunduz Eren , Sermet Serap , Musmul Ahmet 
Published: October 2015

BackgroundRegulatory T cells (Tregs) are a specialized subpopulation of CD4+ T cells which maintain the immune system homeostasis. They may increase during cancer progression and have been correlated with a worse prognosis in many malignancies. However, the role of Treg cells in lymphoma is debated.MethodsIn this study, we assessed the peripheral blood levels of CD4+ CD25+ FOXP3+ Tregs in newly diagnosed patients with lymphoma and tried to find a relationship with patient characteristics. Twenty one patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), 40 patients with non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and 30 healthy sex matched controls were included in the study. Analysis were done by 3‐color flow cytometry and only helper T cells were selected directly using CD4perCP as a gating strategy.ResultsIn HL group; there was a positive correlation with IPS, CRP, LDH and negative correlation with albumin, absolute lymphocyte count. Tregs were higher in male HL patients. In NHL group; there was a positive correlation with stage, IPI, CRP, LDH and a negative correlation with albumin ve absolute lymphocyte count.ConclusionsThere is a relationship between peripheral blood Treg levels and some poor prognostic parameters in newly diagnosed lymphoma patients. This relationship suggests a possible prognostic role of Tregs in lymphoma. Further research is needed in determining how to use Tregs as a prognostic factor. © 2015 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Interactive effects of predation risk and conspecific density on the nutrient stoichiometry of prey
Authors: Guariento Rafael D. , Carneiro Luciana S. , Jorge Jaqueiuto S. , Borges Angélica N. , Esteves Francisco A. , Caliman Adriano 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe mere presence of predators (i.e., predation risk) can alter consumer physiology by restricting food intake and inducing stress, which can ultimately affect prey‐mediated ecosystem processes such as nutrient cycling. However, many environmental factors, including conspecific density, can mediate the perception of risk by prey. Prey conspecific density has been defined as a fundamental feature that modulates perceived risk. In this study, we tested the effects of predation risk on prey nutrient stoichiometry (body and excretion). Using a constant predation risk, we also tested the effects of varying conspecific densities on prey responses to predation risk. To answer these questions, we conducted a mesocosm experiment using caged predators (Belostoma sp.), and small bullfrog tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus) as prey. We found that L. catesbeianus tadpoles adjust their body nutrient stoichiometry in response to predation risk, which is affected by conspecific density. We also found that the prey exhibited strong morphological responses to predation risk (i.e., an increase in tail muscle mass), which were positively correlated to body nitrogen content. Thus, we pose the notion that in risky situations, adaptive phenotypic responses rather than behavioral ones might partially explain why prey might have a higher nitrogen content under predation risk. In addition, the interactive roles of conspecific density and predation risk, which might result in reduced perceived risk and physiological restrictions in prey, also affected how prey stoichiometry responded to the fear of predation.
Contrasting acute and chronic effects of tolvaptan on serum osmolality in the EVEREST trial
Authors: Vaduganathan Muthiah , Goldsmith Steven R. , Senni Michele , Butler Javed , Gheorghiade Mihai 
Published: October 2015

AimsIn the EVEREST trial, tolvaptan improved symptoms and body weight during hospitalization for heart failure (HF), but did not improve post‐discharge cardiovascular outcomes. We hypothesized that this disconnect between the short‐ and long‐term effects may be related to changes in serum osmolality. We describe the longitudinal profile of osmolality and its response to tolvaptan during and after hospitalization for HF.Methods and resultsEVEREST enrolled 4133 patients hospitalized for HF and reduced EF. Serum osmolality data were available in 3744 (91%). We assessed the effects of tolvaptan on serum osmolality and related these effects to in‐hospital changes in body weight and physician‐assessed symptoms. Calculated values of osmolality, determined from serum sodium, blood urea nitrogen, and glucose, were 3–4 mOsm/kg higher than concurrently measured serum osmolality at enrolment and discharge in both treatment arms. During hospitalization in the placebo group, serum osmolality slightly increased throughout hospitalization, whereas serum sodium decreased and blood urea nitrogen increased until discharge. Tolvaptan increased osmolality by hospital day 1, but this effect diminished by post‐discharge week 4–8 and disappeared by post‐discharge week 56. In‐hospital changes in osmolality were poorly correlated with in‐hospital changes in body weight and physician‐assessed dyspnoea.ConclusionTolvaptan increased serum osmolality during hospitalization for HF, a time frame when the drug also improved signs and symptoms of HF. However, this effect on osmolality declined in the early post‐discharge period, when tolvaptan failed to influence clinical outcomes. Serum osmolality, which can be estimated based on readily available laboratory parameters, may be a marker or a target of response to tolvaptan.
Revised palaeoclimatic significance of Mueller Glacier moraines, Southern Alps, New Zealand
Authors: Reznichenko Natalya V. , Davies Tim R. H. , Winkler Stefan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA sequence of Late Holocene moraines on the foreland of the Mueller Glacier, Southern Alps, New Zealand, forms part of a local moraine‐age database used to establish a regional glacier chronology and subsequently to investigate potential intra‐hemispheric and global climate forcing mechanisms. We present new sedimentological and geomorphological evidence that a set of these moraine ridges, previously considered to represent individual advances, constitutes a single moraine complex (the ‘Mueller Memorial Moraine’) formed by supraglacial transport of a large volume of landslide debris to the glacier terminus. Because a moraine formed in this way is not necessarily associated with an advance triggered by a climate event, we question the palaeoclimatic significance of the Mueller Memorial Moraine, as well as that of other moraines in comparable settings. Our findings suggest that the mode of formation and glacio‐dynamical context of moraines whose ages contribute to existing palaeoclimate reconstructions need to be re‐examined in order to assess the reliability of these reconstructions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of hydrolyzed proteins of animal origin in processed meat
Authors: Meinert Lene , Broge Eva Honnens de Lichtenberg , Bejerholm Camilla , Jensen Kirsten 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWith increasing consumer interest in functional foods, proteins from slaughterhouse side streams can offer interesting application opportunities in this respect. Worldwide, increasing numbers of people are suffering from hypertension and protein deficiency. Hydrolyzed proteins of animal origin may show ACE‐inhibitory activity, which is central to the treatment of hypertension. Furthermore, the protein content of, for example, meat products increases markedly through the addition of hydrolyzed proteins, and these protein‐rich products are of interest to those suffering from protein deficiency. Through a series of analyses, six selected hydrolysates were analyzed for their application potential in the Danish meat product saveloy. Hydrolyzed pig rectum and bovine diaphragm showed the highest ACE‐inhibitory activities, and these activities were maintained in the processed saveloys. The ACE‐inhibitory activities could not readily be explained by the amino acid profile. The content of N‐compounds in the saveloys increased with increasing addition of hydrolysate, with little difference between the added hydrolysates. A sensory panel assessed the saveloys with added porcine rectum (8%), bovine diaphragm (8%), and bovine heart (4% and 8%) as having the strongest off‐flavors (chemical flavor). No increase in salty taste resulting from the addition of hydrolysates was detected in the saveloys. Finally, the consumers found the saveloys too mild in flavor and recommended the addition of more spices.
Polyethyleneimine‐associated polycaprolactone—Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as a gene delivery vector
Authors: Kim Min‐Cheol , Lin Meng Meng , Sohn Youngjoo , Kim Jwa‐Jin , Kang Bo Sun , Kim Do Kyung 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis study describes the synthesis of novel gene delivery vector with low toxicity and high transfection efficiency for magnetofection. The rational design of magnetofection vector called PPMag (PEI‐associated polycaprolactone (PCL)‐SPIONs) composed of oleic acid (OA) stabilized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPPIONs) prepared by thermolysis of iron oleate with a combination of hydrophobic PCL and proton absorbing polymer polyethyleneimine (PEI) (PEI‐PCL‐SPIONs) is described. Encapsulation of amphiphilic PEI with SPIONs not only improves water dispersity of SPIONs, but also allows nucleic acid (NA) condensation and endosomal/lysosomal escape via proton sponge effect after internalization in cells. MTT cytotoxicity assay showed that cell viability was improved compared to conventional PEI‐SPIONs. The luciferase activity of magneto‐polyplexes treated cells significantly improved compared to both controls revealed that transfection efficiency of PPMag‐ pCIKlux polyplexes group was improved compared to naked pCIKlux group. The application underneath of a rare earth magnet significantly improve the transfection efficiency (i.e., the luciferase activity doubles) compared to cells without magnet, indicating that sedimentation induced by magnetic field plays important role in accumulation of magneto‐polyplexes on cell surfaces. The results demonstrate that PPMag can be used as a novel gene transfection vector to improve transfection efficiency. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 145–154, 2017.
Comparison of DNA Methylation and Expression Pattern of S100 and Other Epidermal Differentiation Complex Genes in Differentiating Keratinocytes
Authors: Sobiak Barbara , Graczyk‐Jarzynka Agnieszka , Leśniak Wiesława 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTEpidermal Differentiation Complex (EDC) is a gene cluster on human chromosome 1 q21, which comprises genes encoding four protein families: S100, S100 fused (SFTP), small proline‐rich region (SPRR) and late cornified envelope (LCE) proteins. Contrary to the latter three families, which group proteins important for skin barrier formation, the role of S100 proteins has not been well defined and there are no systematic comparative data concerning their expression in the epidermis. Furthermore, little is known about epigenetic mechanisms controlling changes in S100 and other EDC genes expression in differentiating epidermis. In our study, using real‐time PCR, we followed the expression of nine S100 genes at subsequent stages of differentiation of primary human keratinocytes and found that they exhibited different expression patterns. Then, we confronted the expression level in undifferentiated and differentiated keratinocytes with the extent of DNA methylation within their promoter or intragenic regions assessed by bisulfite sequencing. Methylation analysis was also performed for three other EDC genes of known expression pattern (involucrin, loricrin, and NICE‐1) and a recently identified evolutionary conserved region with defined enhancer properties. The results indicate that altered EDC genes expression is not accompanied by major changes in DNA methylation. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1092–1098, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.