bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal tolerance of giant salmonfly nymphs (Pteronarcys californica) varies across populations in a regulated river
Authors: Verhille Christine E , MacDonald Michael , Noble Ben , Demorest Gavin , Roche Alzada , Frazier Kayleigh , Albertson Lindsey K 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Warming of aquatic ecosystems is transforming the distribution, phenology and growth of the organisms dependent upon these ecosystems. Aquatic insects such as stoneflies are especially vulnerable to warming because the aquatic nymph stage of their life cycle depends on cool, well-oxygenated, flowing water habitat. We tracked thermal effects on available aerobic capacity of the aquatic nymph stage of an iconic and vulnerable stonefly species, the giant salmonfly (Pteronarcys californica), to compare habitat thermal regime measurements for two salmonfly populations from habitats separated by a gradient in summer weekly maximum temperatures. Contrary to expectations, the thermal optima range of the warmer habitat population was cooler than for the cooler habitat population. We posit that this unexpected interpopulation variation in thermal response is more strongly driven by diel and seasonal thermal variability than by the highest summer temperatures experienced within respective habitats. Additionally, we show that summer daily maximum temperatures could result in periodic limits in available aerobic capacity to support work of the warmer habitat nymphs and may be the mechanism underlying reduced abundance relative to the upstream cooler habitat population. Our findings provide insight into potential thermal and metabolic mechanisms that could regulate the success of ecological and culturally important aquatic insect species experiencing global change. We conclude that thermal regimes and thermal variation, not just mean and maximum temperatures, are critical drivers of aquatic insect responses to water temperatures.
Unanticipated Loss of Inflammasomes in Birds
Authors: Billman Zachary P , Hancks Dustin C , Miao Edward A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes that form in response to ligands originating from pathogens as well as alterations of normal cell physiology caused by infection or tissue damage. These structures engage a robust inflammatory immune response that eradicates environmental microbes before they cause disease, and slow the growth of bona fide pathogens. Despite their undeniable utility in immunity, inflammasomes are radically reduced in birds. Perhaps most surprising is that, within all birds, NLRP3 is retained, while its signaling adapter ASC is lost, suggesting that NLRP3 signals via a novel unknown adapter. Crocodilian reptiles and turtles, which share a more recent common ancestor with birds, retain many of the lost inflammasome components, indicating that the deletion of inflammasomes occurred after birds diverged from crocodiles. Some bird lineages have even more extensive inflammasome loss, with songbirds continuing to pare down their inflammasomes until only NLRP3 and CARD8 remain. Remarkably, songbirds have lost caspase-1 but retain the downstream targets of caspase-1: IL-1β, IL-18, and the YVAD-linker encoding gasdermin A. This suggests that inflammasomes can signal through alternative proteases to activate cytokine maturation and pyroptosis in songbirds. These observations may reveal new contexts of activation that may be relevant to mammalian inflammasomes and may suggest new avenues of research to uncover the enigmatic nature of the poorly understood NLRP3 inflammasome.
Genetically modified indigenous Pseudomonas aeruginosa drove bacterial community to change positively toward microbial enhanced oil recovery applications
Authors: Zhao Feng , Wang Baohang , Cui Qingfeng , Wu Yuting 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aims
Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) is cost-effective and eco-friendly for oil exploitation. Genetically modified biosurfactants-producing high-yield strains are promising for ex-situ MEOR. However, can they survive and produce biosurfactants in petroleum reservoirs for in-situ MEOR? What is their effect on the native bacterial community?

Methods and results
A genetically modified indigenous biosurfactants-producing strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa PrhlAB was bioaugmented in simulated reservoir environments. Pseudomonas aeruginosa PrhlAB could stably colonize in simulated reservoirs. Biosurfactants (200 mg l−1) were produced in simulated reservoirs after bio-augmenting strain PrhlAB. The surface tension of fluid was reduced to 32.1 mN m−1. Crude oil was emulsified with an emulsification index of 60.1%. Bio-augmenting strain PrhlAB stimulated the MEOR-related microbial activities. Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria and biosurfactants-producing bacteria were activated, while the hydrogen sulfide-producing bacteria were inhibited. Bio-augmenting P. aeruginosa PrhlAB reduced the diversity of bacterial community, and gradually simplified the species composition. Bacteria with oil displacement potential became dominant genera, such as Shewanella, Pseudomonas, and Arcobacter.

Conclusions
Culture-based and sequence-based analyses reveal that genetically modified biosurfactants-producing strain P. aeruginosa PrhlAB are promising for in-situ MEOR as well.
Multiplexed in situ protein imaging using DNA-barcoded antibodies with extended hybridization chain reactions
Authors: Wang Yu , Liu Xiaoyu , Zeng Yitian , Saka Sinem K , Xie Wenxin , Goldaracena Isabel , Kohman Richie E , Yin Peng , Church George M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Antibodies have long served as vital tools in biological and clinical laboratories for the specific detection of proteins. Conventional methods employ fluorophore or horseradish peroxidase-conjugated antibodies to detect signals. More recently, DNA-conjugated antibodies have emerged as a promising technology, capitalizing on the programmability and amplification capabilities of DNA to enable highly multiplexed and ultrasensitive protein detection. However, the nonspecific binding of DNA-conjugated antibodies has impeded the widespread adoption of this approach. Here, we present a novel DNA-conjugated antibody staining protocol that addresses these challenges and demonstrates superior performance in suppressing nonspecific signals compared to previously published protocols. We further extend the utility of DNA-conjugated antibodies for signal-amplified in situ protein imaging through the hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and design a novel HCR DNA pair to expand the HCR hairpin pool from the previously published 5 pairs to 13, allowing for flexible hairpin selection and higher multiplexing. Finally, we demonstrate highly multiplexed in situ protein imaging using these techniques in both cultured cells and tissue sections.
SPL04 WORKPLACE IMMUNIZATION, A CALL TO ACTION: VACCINE RECOMMENDATIONS, CONTROVERSIES AND MANDATES FOR ADULTS AND SPECIFIC WORKER POPULATIONS
Authors: Behrman Amy 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Vaccination has progressively improved survival and decreased morbidity from infectious diseases for more than two centuries. The greatest historical successes have been in protecting infants and children from early death, needless suffering, and permanent disability. At this time, in many countries, vaccine-preventable illnesses and deaths are now predominantly an adult phenomenon. Workplace vaccination programs are important for workers with specific occupational risks from vaccine-preventable diseases, and can improve adult immunization rates for non-occupational infectious diseases as well. However, costs, controversies and misinformation are challenges to successful workplace immunization programs.

Workplace Immunization for Specific Worker Populations
There is strong evidence and rationale for vaccination to mitigate a range of occupational biohazards in many worker populations. This talk will review recommended vaccines for healthcare personnel, animal workers, and laboratorians, and present strategies for successful workplace immunization in these settings that can be extended to other employee populations at risk. The history, current status, strengths, and challenges of occupational vaccine mandates will be considered using specific examples.

Workplace Immunization Programs for Non-Occupational Diseases
Occupational health programs which emphasize workplace immunization against occupational illnesses develop expertise and infrastructure for vaccine education, handling, storage, and administration. If they are able to create trust and support vaccine confidence among their employees, those resources can be extended to offer other recommended adult vaccines in this convenient and safe setting. Workplace immunization can support national and global adult immunization goals with broad implications for worker and community health.

Conclusion
Workplace immunization programs present a unique opportunity to reduce the risk of occupational infections, workplace disease transmission, and worker illness in general. Costs and operational demands may be substantial, but the potential short and long-term benefits to workers, employers, and communities are great.
SPL12 HEAVY PHYSICAL WORK AND FATIGUE IN HEALTHCARE WORKERS
Authors: Bakic Ana , Dacic Arijeta 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The fatigue that arises from work manifests itself as a feeling of constant fatigue or weakness. It can be physical, mental, or a combination of both. The occurrence of fatigue is influenced by physical, mental and sensory loads, night work, psychological and physical factors of the working environment, personality characteristics of the worker. In order to speak with certainty about the impact of work on humans, one must determine precisely in each particular case what type of work it is. In this sense, the difference is made whether it is static or dynamic work. If the factors such as physical and psychological load act longer than the worker can tolerate, there is a psychophysiological overstretchand a state between normal physiological and pathological with a tendency to pass into the pathological form, i.e. disease. Acute and chronic fatigue of health care workers is very common. Given that every healthcare professional during his working life meets with numerous hazards and dangers, it is very important that they are recognized in a certain way, evaluated / ranked in order to pay special attention to these hazards and dangers that represent a potential threat to the safety and health of health workers. In this context, a study of health workers currently employed in the Kotor Health Center, Emergency Medical Service and Kotor General Hospital was conducted with the aim of establishing the connection between acute and chronic fatigue among medical workers with sociodemographic work and life characteristics of respondents. As for the methods in the process of collecting data from the respondents, two questionnaires were used, which the respondents themselves completed the OFER15 questionnaire and the general questionnaire. Based on the analysis of the data, it can be concluded that recovery, acute and chronic fatigue are significantly higher among the hospital medical workers, which corresponds to the number of working hours that is higher compared to the other population that was examined.
SPL19 THE CULTURE OF WORKPLACE IMPROVEMENT IN SENEGAL: THE SOCIAL SECURITY FUND STRATEGIES
Authors: Diallo Marie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The prevention and compensation of work accidents and occupational diseases are among the main missions of the Social Security Fund of Senegal, like most social security institutions.
The importance of this mission no longer needs to be demonstrated, when we know the serious consequences that these professional risks can cause when they occur: loss of life, mutilations, trauma, work stoppages, job losses, etc. …
Therefore, the Social Security Fund has adopted a global strategy to reduce work accidents and occupational illnesses, by promoting a culture of prevention, a guarantee of improving the quality of life at work and increasing productivity companies.
This strategy is supported internally by the Professional Risk Prevention Department.
The missions consist in particular of monitoring the implementation of company policy regarding the prevention of occupational risks and its prerogatives relate to information, training of employers and workers, monitoring of the application of regulations in force, participation in the application of prevention methods in companies.
This strategy developed by the Social Security Fund is based on the following three (03) principles: – ACT – CAPITALIZE – DEPLOY for better promotion of the safety culture in companies.
To this end, several actions are being carried out towards stakeholders in the world of work. We can present some of them:
- the installation of Sectoral Technical Committees (CTS);
- The organization of the African Prevention Month each year;
- The integration of occupational safety and health into professional and technical training;
- the organization of Competitions on OHS initiatives and good practices for Students and Companies;
- the establishment of the scientific council for the prevention of occupational diseases;
- the popularization of professional risk management tools, for example Vision Zero, etc.
Through the activities deployed, in collaboration with the Labor Administration; social partners and civil society, the Social Security Fund wishes to promote a secure environment at work throughout Senegal.
SS01 OSH RESEARCH IN THE EUROPEAN PEROSH NETWORK AND THE GLOBAL SHEFFIELD NETWORK
Authors: Bohni Nielsen Steffen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Occupational safety and health (OSH) issues vary across countries. Correspondingly, the OSH research infrastructure varies across countries, as does research priorities across different topical areas depending on national systems, interests and industrial compositions. Both OSH issues at large and research efforts call for international collaboration. Over the years this has been recognized by the collaboration of OSH research institutions under the auspices of the Sheffield Group and PEROSH. Yet, more can be done.
A first step is to map existing OSH research institutions for understanding their respective governance models, research priorities, research outputs, and dissemination efforts. In this presentation, we share the results of a survey of existing national research institutions regarding: (1) foundations (legal mandate, governance, mission statement), (2) input (economic, human, technological capital), (3) activities (research subject matter areas, adjacent services), (4) outputs (research outputs, dissemination outputs), and (5) results documentation.
Based on the findings participants will learn about national research institutions in terms of who they are, what they do, what they produce, what they disseminate and how they are held accountable. Five PEROSH / Sheffield institutes will present the following topics:
• The Sheffield Group and its role in global OSH research activities
• Approaches on mental health in the Netherlands
• Accident prevention for and by new technologies
• Did managers’ work situation during the COVID-19 pandemic lead to long-lasting relation-oriented leadership?
• The Norwegian surveillance system for work environment and occupational health
SS02 OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE COVERAGE SYSTEM IN MOROCCO AND INTERNATIONAL MARKET PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Baddou Bachir 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
- Role of insurers and their contribution to the coverage of occupational diseases in Morocco
- Strengths and areas for improvement of the Moroccan system
- Definition and characterization of occupational diseases (Benchmark)
- Challenges and opportunities inherent in occupational disease listing systems in Europe
- Models to remedy the problem of the causal link characterizing occupational diseases (Benchmark)
- Legislative framework governing occupational diseases in Morocco
- Role of insurers and their contribution to the coverage of occupational diseases in Morocco
- Strengths and areas for improvement of the Moroccan system
- Definition and characterization of occupational diseases (Benchmark)
- Challenges and opportunities inherent in occupational disease listing systems in Europe
- Models to remedy the problem of the causal link characterizing occupational diseases (Benchmark)
SS02-03 CLIMATE CHANGES AND OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Authors: Benchekroun Jalal 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In Morocco, like in all countries with similar legislation, employees are considered under the responsibility of the employer as soon as they are at work or even during their commute to work. Therefore, the compensation for damages that may affect employees falls under the employer's responsibility. This applies to sudden accidents classified as work accidents (WA) but also to damages that may develop over time, falling under the category of occupational diseases (OD).
To protect against the risks related to their liability towards employees, employers can and should take out insurance coverage. While insurance for WA has been mandatory since 2002, insurance for OD in Morocco is currently optional. When it is purchased, it is often an extension of the WA policy.
Premiums are calculated based on the company's payroll, and the reporting of an OD claim is based on a regulatory list of such diseases to avoid any confusion with common illnesses. Compensation, when due, is paid to the victim, similar to WA. Due to its optional nature, the coverage rate for OD insurance in Morocco remains generally low, varying by sector, with higher rates in exposed sectors. This results in extremely challenging adverse selection that insurance companies find difficult to manage. Indeed, mutualization is nearly impossible, leading to very high premium rates for the most exposed clients, thus contributing to the low subscription rate. Furthermore, the complexity of establishing the cause-and-effect relationship and the behavior of some jurisdictions sometimes make it impossible for insurers to accept the most exposed risks. Finally, public authorities must also ensure that judgments in favor of victims are fair and proven.
SS05-01 PAST AND FUTURE: RE-EMERGING AND EMERGING OCCUPATIONAL BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS
Authors: Ross Mary , Singh Tanusha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Although biohazards have been observed for centuries in soldiers, mariners and miners, the occupational health challenge has been generally underestimated. Both infectious and non-infectious exposures have been regarded primarily as public health problems, although the occupational association between silica exposure and tuberculosis became a priority for prevention in the twentieth century, particularly with the emergence of HIV. This century, pandemics of numerous novel and re-emerging infectious agents have affected workers and numerous allergens have been identified and researched.

Discussion
The COVID-19 pandemic precipitated a global crisis, transforming both public and occupational health globally and ushering in a new focus on biohazard exposures and the relationship between public and occupational health in defining occupational disease. Following intense debate, COVID-19 was recognised as an occupational disease in many occupational categories other than health workers. Global initiatives were accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The ILO technical guidance on biological hazards highlights infectious and non-infectious biohazards for various workers. Emerging issues on biohazards include the threat posed by climate change, global mobility and resistance of biological agents and vectors to preventive measures and antibiotics.

Conclusions
Essential for control of biohazards in the workplace and resulting occupational disease are global and national political commitment to complement ongoing surveillance and research. A One Health model should be considered in harnessing expertise and resources to address the complexities in preventing and controlling occupational pandemics and exposure to biohazards.
SS05-02 Open issues around COVID-19 and work: Lessons learned from the literature and the European ORCHESTRA multicentric study on health workers
Authors: Porru Stefano , Monaco Maria Grazia Lourdes , Spiteri Gianluca , Cioffi Arcangelo , Verlato Giuseppe , Carta Angela 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
SARS-CoV-2 had enormous impact on occupational health, particularly in healthcare. In Italy, nearly 500,000 health workers (HW) were infected. Key questions to be addressed by occupational medicine, e.g. relationship between humoral and cellular immunity, impact of breakthrough infections, comorbidities, variants of concerns (VoC), long COVID, compensation, targeted risk assessment and health surveillance.

Methods
Considerations from literature and data from the European ORCHESTRA multicentric study involving about 63,500 HW from 14 European countries with &gt; 50 papers published.

Results
Vaccines contained the pandemic, even though breakthrough infections (cumulative incidence &lt; 1.5% in fully vaccinated HW, 20.6% in boosted) and reinfections occurred, mainly due to VoC and to some determinants, including comorbidity and immunological status. At least 65 million individuals worldwide are estimated to have long COVID, occurring in at least 10% of SARS-CoV-2 infections, with &gt;200 symptoms/signs. The study of immune response is still crucial. Humoral response is relevant in &gt; 99.3% of vaccinated HW, with decreasing temporal trends related to age, previous infections, and vaccine type. Little is known about cellular immunity and its interaction with humoral response, currently under study on about 300 HW.

Conclusions
In occupational settings, risk assessment and health surveillance protocols should consider the risk factors for breakthrough and reinfections and risk profiles for vulnerable workers with comorbidities and predisposing factors for long COVID. Vaccine campaigns should be concurrent with ‘flu vaccine; health surveillance program should consider return-to-work policies; compensation criteria for occupationally infected workers should be harmonized.
SS06-01 EFFECTIVE DELIVERY OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES: PROMOTING OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH AS A UNIVERSAL FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT AT WORK
Authors: Leka Stavroula , Jain Aditya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
It is estimated that 80% of the global working population still does not have access to basic OSH services and where these services are implemented, they vary in scope, content and quality, with a multi-disciplinary, comprehensive approach seldom being undertaken. Additionally, there are disparities between high-income countries (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and between occupational sectors and models of work. Defining OSH services as multidisciplinary, this research aims to understand how they are delivered in these contexts and how their implementation is influenced by factors such as the scope of programmes, facilitators and barriers to service delivery, and the competence of those delivering these programmes. This presentation will present findings from the first stage of the project focusing on a literature review and a series of case studies outlining national-level OSH systems and provisions within selected national contexts.

Methods
A series of case studies focusing on HICs and LIMCs is developed and analyzed using framework analysis. The case studies ensure regional representation, coverage of OSH services, percentage of workers employed in the informal sector and ratification of ILO Conventions C155, C161 and C187.

Results
Preliminary findings indicate the diversity of OSH services systems implemented in various country contexts and their focus. Less focus has been identified on mental health and wellbeing at work, as well as lack of competencies of key stakeholders in this area.

Conclusions
The outcomes of this study will be supplemented with an ICOH stakeholder survey and expert interviews in order to progress the current state-of-the-art in this area.