bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Being Well, Being Musical: Music Composition as a Resource and Occupation for Older People
Authors: Habron John , Butterly Felicity , Gordon Imogen , Roebuck Annette 
Published: July 2013

Introduction: Participatory music making for older people has tended to focus on singing and performance. In a community music project undertaken by Manchester Camerata (a chamber orchestra), Blacon Community Trust and a small group of older adults, participants were given the opportunity to compose individual pieces of music interactively with professional musicians. This paper reports the findings of the research project. Method: An arts-based research method was adopted and incorporated action research and interpretive interactionism to articulate the experiences and perceptions of participants. Participants and Manchester Camerata musicians also worked together to represent the thematic findings of the research in a group composition. Findings: The findings demonstrate that individual and group music composition contributed to a sense of wellbeing through control over musical materials, opportunities for creativity and identity making, validation of life experience and social engagement with other participants and professional musicians. Conclusion: The results emphasised occupation as essential to health and wellbeing in the later stages of life. The findings also highlight the particularly innovative aspects of this research: (i) the use of music composition as a viable arts-in-health occupation for older people and (ii) the arts-based research method of group composition.
Forum: The American Economic Problem
Authors: Galbraith James K. 
Published: July 2013

First paragraph
At present writing in early 2004, nearly nine million Americans remain unemployed. Millions more are underemployed, and most of all, underpaid. Forty-four million lack health insurance. Our schools, colleges, universities, roads, water systems, power lines are in decay – and the funds required to repair and expand them are being cut. Not least, we are in a war with no end in sight. That is our economic problem.
Forum: Vom Growth-cum-Debt zum »Wachstum durch Entschuldung«
Authors: Fritz Barbara 
Published: July 2013

First paragraph
Der »Bericht zu Handel und Entwicklung« der UNCTAD (»Konferenz der Vereinten Nationen zu Handel und Entwicklung«) steht zu Recht im Ruf, eine fundierte alternative Sichtweise auf internationale wirtschaftliche Zusammenhänge und Entwicklungsfragen zu vermitteln. Der jährlich erscheinende Bericht ist die zentrale UNO-Publikation zu internationalen Wirtschaftsfragen und ihren Auswirkungen auf die Entwicklungsländer. Er widmet sich jedes Jahr zum einen der Analyse globaler Trends und der Entwicklung der internationaler Handels- und Finanzströme, und zum anderen einem spezifischen Thema. Im Jahr 2001 standen Fragen der internationalen Finanzarchitektur im Mittel-punkt; im letztjährigen Bericht wurde die Stellung der Entwicklungsländer im Welthan-del thematisiert, in diesem Jahr stand der Vergleich zwischen Asien und Lateinamerika auf der Tagesordnung.
Forum: Einkommens- und Vermögensentwicklung in Deutschland
Authors: Eißel Dieter 
Published: July 2013

First paragraph
Insgesamt können nicht nur bei der Einkommens-, sondern noch mehr bei der Vermö-gensverteilung nur Annäherungswerte an die tatsächliche Verteilung gefunden werden, denn »das Bild über die Verteilung und ihre Entwicklung in Deutschland (ist) so diffus wie die vorhandenen Datenquellen lückenhaft und die methodischen Ansätze vielfältig sind« (Becker 2001: 19). Dies gilt insbesondere für die Datenlage bei hohen Einkommen und bei den Vermögen. Wichtige Datenquellen für das Geldvermögen und die Vermö-genseinkommen der privaten Haushalte stellen in erster Linie die volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung des Statistischen Bundesamtes und die gesamtwirtschaftliche Finanzie-rungsrechnung sowie laufende Kreditstatistiken der Deutschen Bundesbank dar. Auch Ergebnisse der Einkommens- und Verbrauchsstichprobe (EVS), des Sozio-Ökonomischen Panels (SOEP) und der Steuerstatistik können verwendet werden. Bei den EVS-Daten ist jedoch zu beachten, dass Haushalte mit mehr als DM 35.000 Monatseinkommen nicht befragt werden und daher Daten über die sehr reichen Haushalte nicht vorliegen. Im Prinzip könnte dieser Engpass durch die Steuerstatistiken behoben werden. Diese liegen aber in der Regel noch viel länger zurück. Wegen der Aussetzung der Vermögensteuer werden z. B. seit 1996 auch keine entsprechenden Daten mehr erhoben.
The Sound of an Upside-Down World: Jerry Goldsmith’s Landmark Score for Planet of the Apes (1968)
Authors: Fitzgerald Jon , Hayward Philip 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Planet of the Apes (1968) portrays an "upside-down" world populated by dominant apes and inferior, primitive humans. This article examines ways in which screen composer Jerry Goldsmith draws on a range of twentieth-century classical music techniques to create a landmark orchestral film score that enhances the impact of the strange and confronting narrative.
Therapy dogs’ salivary cortisol levels vary during animal-assisted interventions
Authors: Glenk LM , Kothgassner OD , Stetina BU , Palme R , Kepplinger B , Baran H 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBeneficial effects of human-animal contact on human health have contributed to the wide distribution of animal-assisted interventions (AAIs). While considerable effort has been devoted to the study of human welfare during AAIs, potential effects on therapy animals have been addressed less frequently. The aim of this study was to determine baseline and work-related levels of cortisol, a glucocor-ticoid hormone that mediates physiological responses to arousal, in certified therapy dogs and therapy dogs in training. All dogs (n = 21) participated in weekly group-AAIs in adult mental healthcare. Saliva samples were collected over the course of AAIs and on non-working days and analysed with a cortisol enzyme immunoassay. Analysis of the results revealed that according to their cortisol responses, both therapy dogs and therapy dogs in training were not stressed by AAIs. However, cortisol levels during work in certified therapy dogs performing AAIs on- and off-lead varied significantly, suggesting that further investigation into the use of a lead or other methods of giving therapy dogs opportunities to approach or avoid human contact is needed.
Empirical Research on Accounting Conservatism and Business Financing
Authors: Suo Lingling , Yang Kezhi , Ji Hao 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
In this paper, using sample data of Chinese A-share listed companies between 2007 and 2011, we measure accounting conservatism by adopting the index C_SCORE of Khan and Watts (2007) and current accruals (CACC) of Givoly and Hayn (2000) while conducting correlation analyses, paired tests, and multiple regression analyses. The results show that (1) accounting conservatism exists in equity financing oriented listed companies, bank loan oriented listed companies, and public bond oriented listed companies; and (2) there is a significant difference in accounting conservatism between the different groups of companies. The bank loan oriented group shows the highest level of accounting conservatism, followed by the equity financing oriented group and then the public bond oriented group.
A superlinear speedup region for matrix multiplication
Authors: Gusev Marjan , Ristov Sasko 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYThe realization of modern processors is based on a multicore architecture with increasing number of cores per processor. Multicore processors are often designed such that some level of the cache hierarchy is shared among cores. Usually, last level cache is shared among several or all cores (e.g., L3 cache) and each core possesses private low level caches (e.g., L1 and L2 caches). Superlinear speedup is possible for matrix multiplication algorithm executed in a shared memory multiprocessor due to the existence of a superlinear region. It is a region where cache requirements for matrix storage of the sequential execution incur more cache misses than in parallel execution. This paper shows theoretically and experimentally that there is a region, where the superlinear speedup can be achieved. We provide a theoretical proof of existence of a superlinear speedup and determine boundaries of the region where it can be achieved. The experiments confirm our theoretical results. Therefore, these results will have impact on future software development and exploitation of parallel hardware on the basis of a shared memory multiprocessor architecture. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling denial‐of‐service against pending interest table in named data networking
Authors: Wang Kai , Chen Jia , Zhou Huachun , Qin Yajuan , Zhang Hongke 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYNamed data networking (NDN) has attracted much attention on the design for next generation Internet architecture. Although it embeds some security primitives in its original architecture, it may suffer from denial‐of‐service (DoS) attacks. In this paper, we model one representative type of NDN‐specific DoS attacks named DoS against pending interest table (PIT), or DoS‐PIT, which floods malicious Interests that request nonexistent content to bypass cached content at routers and to exhaust the memory resource for PIT, bringing in severe service degradation. In our proposed analytical model, the closed‐form expressions for the DoS probability for users suffering DoS‐PIT are derived, while considering several important factors of NDN networks such as PIT size, time‐to‐live of each PIT entry, popularity of content, and cache size. Moreover, extensive simulation experiments demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed model on evaluating the damage effect of DoS‐PIT. In addition, the proposed model can be chosen to guide designing effective countermeasures for DoS‐PIT (or attacks with similar way to harm NDN) by properly setting the values of some parameters (e.g., cache size) of each NDN router. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rumination and Modes of Processing around Meal Times in Women with Anorexia Nervosa: Qualitative and Quantitative Results from a Pilot Study
Authors: Cowdrey Felicity A. , Stewart Anne , Roberts Jill , Park Rebecca J. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractObjectiveThe primary aim of this exploratory study was to examine qualitatively and quantitatively the effects of rumination, mindful breathing, and distraction on processing styles and the meal time experience in women with a history of anorexia nervosa (AN).MethodA quasi‐experimental within‐participant design was employed. Thirty‐seven women with history of AN and all experiencing current eating disorder psychopathology listened to a single rumination, mindful breathing and distraction exercise before a meal time. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were employed.ResultsSpecific themes were extracted for each exercise including avoidance, being in the moment and rumination. The rumination exercise led to significantly greater analytical self‐focus. Mindful breathing led to significantly greater experiential self‐focus compared with distraction in partially weight‐restored AN participants.ConclusionsIn AN, self‐material is processed in a ruminative way and avoidance is valued. It is difficult to shift individuals with AN out of a rumination around meal times using brief mindful breathing. Future research should investigate at what stage of AN illness mindful‐based and acceptance‐based strategies are useful and how these strategies could be incorporated in treatment. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Effects-directed analysis (EDA) and toxicity identification evaluation (TIE): Complementary but different approaches for diagnosing causes of environmental toxicity
Authors: Burgess Robert M. , Ho Kay T. , Brack Werner , Lamoree Marja 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Currently, 2 approaches are available for performing environmental diagnostics on samples like municipal and industrial effluents, interstitial waters, and whole sediments to identify anthropogenic contaminants causing toxicological effects. One approach is toxicity identification evaluation (TIE), which was developed primarily in North America to determine active toxicants to whole-organism endpoints. The second approach is effects-directed analysis (EDA), which has origins in both Europe and North America. Unlike TIE, EDA uses primarily in vitro endpoints with an emphasis on organic contaminants as the cause of observed toxicity. The 2 approaches have fundamental differences that make them distinct techniques. In EDA, the sophisticated and elegant fractionation and chemical analyses performed to identify the causes of toxicity with a high degree of specificity often compromise contaminant bioavailability. In contrast, in TIE, toxicant bioavailability is maintained and is considered critical to accurately identifying the causes of environmental toxicity. However, maintaining contaminant bioavailability comes with the cost of limiting, at least until recently, the use of the types of sophisticated fractionation and elegant chemical analyses that have resulted in the high specificity of toxicant diagnosis performed in EDA. The present study provides an overview of each approach and highlights areas where the 2 approaches can complement one another and lead to the improvement of both. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1935–1945. © 2013 SETAC
Pyrethroid insecticides in municipal wastewater
Authors: Weston Donald P. , Ramil Heather L. , Lydy Michael J. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Pyrethroids are widely used insecticides, but minimal information has been published on their presence in municipal wastewater in the United States. Pyrethroids in wastewater from the Sacramento, California, USA, area consisted of permethrin, bifenthrin, cypermethrin, and cyhalothrin, with a combined concentration of 200 ng/L to 500 ng/L. Sampling within the wastewater collection system leading to the treatment plant suggested pyrethroids did not originate primarily from urban runoff, but could be from any of several drain disposal practices. Wastewater from residential areas was similar in pyrethroid composition and concentration to that from the larger metropolitan area as a whole. Secondary treatment removed approximately 90% of pyrethroids, but those remaining exceeded concentrations acutely toxic to sensitive species. Toxicity to the amphipod, Hyalella azteca, was consistently evident in the final effluent. The large river into which this particular plant discharged provided sufficient dilution such that pyrethroids were undetected in the river, and there was only slight toxicity of unknown cause in 1 river sample, but effects in receiving waters elsewhere will be site-specific. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2460–2468. © 2013 SETAC
TIME SERIES ANALYSIS OF FURROW INFILTRATION
Authors: Nasseri Abolfazl , Neyshabori Mohammad Reza , Fard Ahmad Fakheri 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTMeasured cumulative infiltration (Z) over time usually shows significant correlations with their contiguous values. This autocorrelation in a series restricts application of regression analysis to determine the coefficients of empirical equations. In such cases, time series analysis is preferred to process the modeling. In this study, the possibility of furrow infiltration modeling by time series techniques was investigated based on experimental data obtained from infiltration measuring at 56 sites over a field by blocked furrow infiltrometer. Results revealed that theZdata were nonstationary in the mean and variance. Logarithmic transformation and the first‐order differencing were applied to convert the measured series to the stationary ones. Cumulative infiltration data were successfully analyzed as an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA (p, 1,q)) process. The autoregressive terms had a more momentous role than moving averages in modelingZseries. Results confirmed that the obtained models explain more than 99% of the variability in the calibrated values. The ARIMA (p, 1,q) parameters were modeled as a function of flow or soil characteristics. The first and second parameters of autoregressive terms (φ1and φ2) and moving average terms (θ1and θ2) were modeled as a function of independent variables. Comparative results showed that performance of time series modeling was better than commonly used infiltration equations such as that of Kostiakov to characterize furrow infiltration. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEMS: STATE‐OF‐THE‐ART OF KINEMATIC ANALYSIS AND QUANTUM MECHANICS APPLIED TO WATER JETS
Authors: De Wrachien Daniele , Lorenzini Giulio , Medici Marco 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThe description of liquid jets crossing a gas is common to many scientific issues, and in particular sprinkler irrigation in the agricultural sector is definitely one of the most challenging issues of recent years. In the thematic literature, the classic approach has recently been challenged by the quantum one, generally more suitable to describe interactions among several objects. By using a deeper approach, microscopic insight into the actual mechanics of single water droplets in sprinkler irrigation jets may be carefully described and this represents the first move to find solutions for irrigation problems. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of cathodic electrochemical potential of Ti‐6Al‐4V on cell viability: voltage threshold and time dependence
Authors: Sivan Shiril , Kaul Shereen , Gilbert Jeremy L. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe biocompatibility of metallic biomaterials is dependent on the redox state of the surface and its effect on cellular redox equilibrium. When metallic biomaterials experience mechanically assisted corrosion such as fretting, there is a drop in the voltage of its surface. Studies have demonstrated that cell viability is significantly degraded by sustained cathodic excursion in voltage of metallic biomaterials below a critical potential between −300 and −600 mV on commercially pure titanium. Cells cultured at above −300 mV showed little loss in viability whereas cells cultured on −600 mV Ti were almost 100% killed at 24 h. The goal of this study is to concisely define the voltage threshold and time‐dependence of the cell killing effect seen on titanium surfaces. MC3T3 cells were cultured on electrochemically controlled Ti‐6Al‐4V surfaces at voltages ranging from −300 to −1000 mV for time periods ranging from 1 to 24 h. Cell viability and morphology was monitored with live‐dead assay and scanning electron microscopy. Cell viability decreased from −300 to −400 mV and exhibited time‐dependence where the more cathodic the potential, the faster the drop‐off of viability. Hundred percent cell killing took as little as 4 h at −1000 mV and required 24 h at −400 mV. Sustained net cathodic currents with densities as low as 0.1 μA/cm2 are observed during cell killing. This work shows reduction reactions are an important element of cellular viability in a time and potential dependent way and may explain why mechanically assisted corrosion reactions may lead to increased cell killing in metallic implants. Note: All voltages are versus Ag/AgCl © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 101B: 1489–1497, 2013.
Live unilateral twin ectopic pregnancy in a fallopian tube remnant after previous ipsilateral salpingectomy
Authors: Longoria Teresa C. , Stephenson Megan L. , Speir Vinita J. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTEctopic pregnancy remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in women of childbearing age. We report a case of a unilateral twin ectopic pregnancy in a fallopian tube remnant after previous ipsilateral salpingectomy. The pregnancy was conceived spontaneously and included two live gestations. Although the presentation of this ectopic pregnancy was unique, the patient's risk factors were not. As an example of the type of patient who would benefit from ultrasound screening for ectopic pregnancy, our patient renews the debate around this controversial issue. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 42:169–171, 2014
Acute suppurative thyroiditis following fine‐needle aspiration biopsy in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: Ünlütürk Uğur , Ceyhan Koray , Çorapçıoğlu Demet 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThe thyroid gland is remarkably resistant to infectious agents owing to several protective mechanisms. Acute suppurative thyroiditis after fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) in an immunocompetent patient is very rare. We report the case of a 50‐year‐old immunocompetent male patient who presented with painful cervical swelling, fever, and chills after an FNA of the thyroid. His physical and laboratory examination suggested an acute suppurative thyroiditis. Repeat FNA results were consistent with thyroid abscess. Physicians should be aware of the probability of acute bacterial thyroiditis after FNA. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 42:215–218, 2014
Synthesis of Polypeptide Block Copolymer Hybrids by the Combination of N‐Carboxyanhydride Polymerization and RAFT
Authors: Jacobs Jaco , Gathergood Nicholas , Heise Andreas 
Published: July 2013

The synthesis of hybrid bioconjugates via the ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of N‐carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) using a synthetic macroinitiator is described. Poly(n‐butyl acrylate), polystyrene, and poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) are synthesized (polydisperity index, Đ < 1.1) using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) as the synthetic tool. A phthalimidomethyl trithiocarbonate RAFT chain transfer agent is used to prepare well‐defined, end‐functional polymers, which after deprotection result in amine terminal macroinitiators. The subsequent initiating systems could successfully be chain extended with ε‐benzyloxycarbonyl‐l‐lysine or γ‐benzyl‐l‐glutamate as the NCAs to produce a library of polymer–polypeptide conjugates. In doing so, a novel procedure for directly synthesizing bioconjugates via a non‐modular route without the need for excessive purification and isolation steps is described.
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Characterization of mineral phosphate solubilization traits from a barley rhizosphere soil functional metagenome
Authors: Chhabra Sagar , Brazil Dina , Morrissey John , Burke James I. , O'Gara Fergal , N. Dowling David 
Published: July 2013

AbstractMineral phosphate solubilization (MPS) microorganisms are important for their provision of orthophosphate anions for plant growth promotion activity in soil. In this study, we applied a functional metagenomic approach to identify this trait directly from the microbiome in barley rhizosphere soil that had not received P fertilizer over a 15‐year period. A fosmid system was used to clone the metagenome of which 18,000 clones (~666 Mb of DNA) was screened for MPS. Functional assays and High Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis recognized gluconic acid production and MPS activity in the range 24.8–77.1 mmol/L and 27.6–38.16 μg/mL, respectively, when screened in an Escherichia coli host (at frequency of one MPS‐positive clone hit per 114 Mb DNA tested). The MPS clones (with average insert size of ~37 kb) were analysed by 454 Roche sequencing and annotated. A number of genes/operons with homology to Phosphorous (P) uptake, regulatory and solubilization mechanisms were identified, linking the MPS function to the uncultivated microbiome present in barley rhizosphere soil.