bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pancreatitis, panniculitis and polyarthritis
Authors: Katz Steven J. , Kydd Alison , Yacyshyn Elaine A. 
Published: January 2014

Objectives: To present a case of pancreatitis, panniculitis and polyarthritis syndome, including the full spectrum of the arthritis component. Methods: A case of PPP syndrome was examined, with a detailed review of the patient's synovial fluid aspirate including cell count, crystals, culture and a lipid analysis which was compared to a control patient. Results: The synovial fluid aspirate from PPP syndrome demonstrates unique crystal formation and higher lipids. Conclusion: PPP syndrome is a rare condition which can be difficult to diagnose. A lipid analysis of a patient's synovial fluid aspirate may be a useful tool to aid in the diagnosis.
Les expériences méconnues des jeunes itinérants « à risque » : vivre et survivre
Authors: MacDonald Sue-Ann 
Published: January 2014

Le but de l’article est de dévoiler les représentations des notions de risque chez les jeunes itinérants. Son objectif est de contribuer à la compréhension de la notion de risque concernant un groupe qui se dépeint lui-même comme « à risque » et évoluant dans un monde et une phase de vie définis comme incertains (Galland, 1993 ; Gilbert, 2004 ; Le Breton, 2005 ; Parazelli, 1999 ; Turz, 1993). Plus précisément, la recherche sur laquelle se base l’article s’intéressait à appréhender les constructions du risque que font les jeunes de la rue eux-mêmes en lien avec leurs identités en évolution, d’autant plus que ces jeunes sont définis comme un groupe à risque. Une sociologie de la jeunesse à risque prend de l’ampleur dans la littérature et oscille entre deux pôles : victimisation et déviance. Or les expériences des jeunes sont méconnues et peu considérées hors de ce pendule. L’article tente de combler ce vide.
A 3400 year lacustrine paleoseismic record from the North Anatolian Fault, Turkey: Implications for bimodal recurrence behavior
Authors: Avşar Ulaş , Hubert‐Ferrari Aurélia , Batist Marc De , Fagel Nathalie 
Published: January 2014

AbstractHigh‐resolution physical, geochemical, and geochronological analyses on the sedimentary sequence of Yeniçağa Lake, located in a fault‐bounded basin along the North Anatolian Fault, reveal fingerprints of paleoearthquakes. A robust sediment chronology, spanning the last 3400 years, is constructed by radiocarbon dating and time‐stratigraphical correlation with the precisely dated Sofular Cave speleothem record. Yeniçağa sedimentary sequence contains 11 seismically induced event deposits characterized by siliciclastic‐enriched intervals. Some of the event deposits are also associated with implications of sudden lake deepening, which may be related to coseismic subsidence. The paleoearthquake series having an average recurrence interval of ca. 260 years are interrupted by two possible seismic gaps of ca. 420 and 540 years.
Melt water input from the Bering Glacier watershed into the Gulf of Alaska
Authors: Josberger Edward G. , Shuchman Robert A. , Jenkins Liza K. , Arthur Endsley K. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe annual runoff from the melting of large glaciers and snow fields along the northern perimeter of the Gulf of Alaska is a critical component of marine physical and biological systems; yet, most of this freshwater is not measured. Here we show estimates of melt for the watershed that contains the largest and longest glacier in North America, the Bering Glacier. The procedure combines in situ observations of snow and ice melt acquired by a long‐term monitoring program, multispectral satellite observations, and nearby temperature measurements. The estimated melt is 40 km3 per melt season, ± 3.0 km3, observed over the decadal period, 2002–2012. As a result of climate change, these estimates could increase to 60 km3/yr by 2050. This technique and the derived melt coefficients can be applied to estimate melt from Alaska to Washington glaciers.
Ocean chlorophyll response to two types of El Niño events in an ocean‐biogeochemical coupled model
Authors: Lee Kie‐Woung , Yeh Sang‐Wook , Kug Jong‐Seong , Park Jong‐Yeon 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBased on a long‐term simulation of an ocean‐biogeochemical coupled model, we investigate the biogeochemical response to the two types of El Niño events, a Cold Tongue (CT)‐El Niño and a Warm Pool (WP)‐El Niño, in which a local maximum of anomalous sea surface temperature (SST) is located in the eastern and central tropical Pacific. Our model is able to reasonably simulate the characteristics of the biological variables in a way comparable to the observations. During the developing period, anomalous low chlorophyll appears in the eastern Pacific, while it appears in the central Pacific in the WP‐El Niño. The difference in the spatial‐temporal response of chlorophyll for the two types of El Niño events is mainly due to the eastward zonal advection of upper ocean currents, which plays a role in bringing nutrient‐poor water from the western Pacific. During the decaying period of the WP‐El Niño, anomalous high chlorophyll appears concurrently with anomalous low SST in the eastern Pacific. Conversely, anomalous high chlorophyll appears in the central Pacific prior to the decaying period of the CT‐El Niño. In particular, the anomalous low sea level from the northwestern Pacific shifts to the southern equatorial region during the decaying period of the CT‐El Niño. This drives anticyclonic boundary currents which enhance the Equatorial Undercurrent, playing a role in the supply of nutrients to the central equatorial Pacific, resulting in an increase in chlorophyll concentration in the same region.
Subseasonal variations in salinity and barrier‐layer thickness in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean
Authors: Drushka Kyla , Sprintall Janet , Gille Sarah T. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe barrier layer, the layer between the bottom of the density‐defined mixed layer and the isothermal layer in the upper ocean, may play a role in air‐sea dynamics. In the present study, data from Argo profiling floats in the tropical Indian Ocean and a mooring at 90°E, 0°N are used to examine subseasonal variations in upper ocean salinity and barrier‐layer thickness (BLT) during boreal winter. In the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean, subseasonal variations in BLT are energetic. However, composites used to isolate the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) component of the subseasonal signal reveal that, on average, the MJO anomaly in BLT is negligible despite large swings in both the mixed‐layer depth and the isothermal‐layer depth. This discrepancy is likely due to (a) noise from other subseasonal processes; and (b) the diversity of individual MJO events: the thickness of the mixed layer and the isothermal layer are sensitive to wind and rain forcing, so even subtle differences in the phasing and strength of MJO‐related atmospheric anomalies can produce a very different effect on upper ocean stratification and hence on the thickness of the barrier layer. The effect of the barrier layer on the upper ocean response to MJO forcing is also evaluated. When the barrier layer is thick, entrainment cooling during the MJO is reduced, so the MJO drives a weaker sea surface temperature anomaly. This suggests that modulation of BLT can have significant consequences for the response of the upper ocean to the MJO, and hence, potentially, for feedbacks of the ocean onto the atmosphere on MJO time scales.
The climatology of zonal wave numbers 1 and 2 planetary wave structure in the MLT using a chain of Northern Hemisphere SuperDARN radars
Authors: Kleinknecht Nora H. , Espy Patrick J. , Hibbins Robert E. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe zonal wave components 1 and 2 were extracted from the meridional wind along the latitude band of 51–66°N for the years 2000–2008 using eight Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) radars spanning longitudes from 25°E to 150°W. Each extracted zonal component represents the superposition of all temporal periods with that zonal structure and indicates the total planetary wave energy available with that wave number. The Hovmöller diagrams show stationary as well as eastward and westward traveling planetary waves propagating in the background wind. The method used to detect the zonal planetary wave components in the SuperDARN data are detailed and validated using UK Meteorological Office data, which allows the evolution of S1 and S2 planetary wave energy between the stratosphere and mesosphere to be assessed. The climatology of zonal wave number 1 and 2 planetary wave activity in the mesosphere‐lower thermosphere (MLT) is presented and compared to the activity in the stratosphere. The MLT climatology of the mean wind anomalies shows stronger planetary wave activity during winter and weaker activity during summer with enhancement around midsummer and autumn equinox. The climatology of the mean wind displays similar amplitudes apart from very strong S1 planetary wave amplitudes during summer. In addition planetary wave activity during winters with major and minor stratospheric warming events are examined and contrasted.
Environmental control of tropical cyclones in CMIP5: A ventilation perspective
Authors: Tang Brian , Camargo Suzana J. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe ventilation index serves as a theoretically based metric to assess possible changes in the statistics of tropical cyclones to combined changes in vertical wind shear, midlevel entropy deficit, and potential intensity in climate models. Model output from eight Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 models is used to calculate the ventilation index. The ventilation index and its relationship to tropical cyclone activity between two 20 year periods are compared: the historical experiment from 1981 to 2000 and the RCP8.5 experiment from 2081 to 2100. The general tendency is for an increase in the seasonal ventilation index in the majority of the tropical cyclone basins, with exception of the North Indian basin. All the models project an increase in the midlevel entropy deficit in the tropics, although the effects of this increase on the ventilation index itself are tempered by a compensating increase in the potential intensity and a decrease in the vertical wind shear in most tropical cyclone basins. The nonlinear combination of the terms in the ventilation index results in large regional and intermodel variability. Basin changes in the ventilation index are well correlated with changes in the frequency of tropical cyclone formation and rapid intensification in the climate models. However, there is large uncertainty in the projections of the ventilation index and the corresponding effects on changes in the statistics of tropical cyclone activity.
Belief in Conspiracy Theories and Susceptibility to the Conjunction Fallacy
Authors: Brotherton Robert , French Christopher C. 
Published: January 2014

SummaryPeople who believe in the paranormal have been found to be particularly susceptible to the conjunction fallacy. The present research examines whether the same is true of people who endorse conspiracy theories. Two studies examined the association between conspiracist ideation and the number of conjunction violations made in a variety of contexts (neutral, paranormal and conspiracy). Study 1 found that participants who endorsed a range of popular conspiracy theories more strongly also made more conjunction errors than participants with weaker conspiracism, regardless of the contextual framing of the conjunction. Study 2, using an independent sample and a generic measure of conspiracist ideation, replicated the finding that conspiracy belief is associated with domain‐general susceptibility to the conjunction fallacy. The findings are discussed in relation to the association between conspiracism and other anomalous beliefs, the representativeness heuristic and the tendency to infer underlying causal relationships connecting ostensibly unrelated events. © 2014 The Authors. Applied Cognitive Psychology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Arraying Territories: Remote Sensing and Escalation in the North
Authors: Rönnskog Ann‐Sofi , Palmesino John 
Published: January 2014

AbstractFounded by Ann‐Sofi Rönnskog and John Palmesino, Territorial Agency is an innovative practice that advocates sustainable and integrated territorial transformations through architecture, research and action. Here, Rönnskog and Palmesino describe how their exploration of the shifting geopolitical conditions of the Arctic and subarctic regions has revealed an intensification of remote‐sensing technologies and an escalation of military, scientific and industrial activities, which is resulting in ‘a new landscape of agencies’.
Drawing into the Cloud
Authors: Jónsson Birgir Örn 
Published: January 2014

AbstractArchitectural designer, maker and researcher Birgir Örn Jónsson describes Islands of Vision, a speculative design project that he developed while in Unit 23 at the Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London (UCL). Acknowledging the predominance of the image and the underutilisation of the full range of visual experience in contemporary life, Jónsson set out to explore the entire field of vision, reasserting the periphery ‘as a rich and dynamic mode of sensation’. With the aid of ScanLAB Projects and their 3D point cloud scanner, Jónsson scanned the project's site at Lee Valley Park, East London.
Landschaft: Revisiting The Journey and Drive‐In House
Authors: Webb Michael 
Published: January 2014

AbstractFor visionary architect and founding member of Archigram Michael Webb, high definition has become a lifetime's pursuit. It represents the distillation and layering of material and meaning in ongoing works that explore the same theme over space and time. Here he discusses two projects – The Journey and the Drive‐In House – which he commenced in 1977 and 1987, respectively, and that he continues to the present day; they express his essential preoccupations with his home landscape and the perfect contour of the car.
Diffusive Thermal Architecture: New Work from the Hylozoic Series
Authors: Beesley Philip 
Published: January 2014

AbstractCould the use of high‐resolution image equipment and the thermodynamic patterns that they produce have a significant application in architectural design? Architect Philip Beesley, a professor at the School of Architecture at the University of Waterloo in Canada, describes the explorations revealed by the Hylozoic Series, a collaborative series of immersive architectural environments directed by a team from the university. He explains how the subtle effects of the works are achieved by integrating active filters into canopies and screens that create immersive, forest‐like installations.
Animating Architecture: Coupling High‐Definition Sensing with High‐Definition Actuation
Authors: Glynn Ruairi 
Published: January 2014

AbstractRuairi Glynn, lecturer on interactive architecture at the Bartlett School ofArchitecture, University College London (UCL), puts the pressing question: ‘What does a world of hyper‐connective, high‐definition sensing offer architectural design?’ Despite the pervasiveness of ubiquitous computing – the Internet of Things (IoT) – and students' ability to speculate, build and test responsive lifesize installations, could practice itself be in danger of getting left behind?
Rheological predictions of network systems swollen with entangled solvent
Authors: Katzarova Maria , Andreev Marat , Sliozberg Yelena R. , Mrozek Randy A. , Lenhart Joseph L. , Andzelm Jan W. , Schieber Jay D. 
Published: January 2014

The mechanical properties of a cross‐linked polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) network swollen with nonreactive entangled PDMS solvent was previously studied experimentally. In this article, we use the discrete slip‐link model to predict its linear and nonlinear rheology. Model parameters are obtained from the dynamic modulus data of pure solvent. Network rheology predictions also require an estimate of the fraction and architecture of dangling or inactive strands in the network, which is not directly measurable. The active strand fraction is estimated from dynamic modulus measurements, and the molecular weight is adjusted to fit the dynamic modulus data. Then, the nonlinear rheology can be predicted without adjustments. These successful predictions strongly suggest that the observed rheological modification in the swollen blend arises from the constraint dynamics between the network chains and the dangling ends. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical EngineersAIChE J, 60: 1372–1380, 2014We dedicate this article to Prof. R. Byron Bird on the occasion of his 90th birthday. We attempt to follow the twin exhortations of Bob to be both mathematically rigorous and practically relevant.
Body composition assessment in the infant
Authors: Demerath Ellen W. , Fields David A. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBody composition assessment provides a sharper picture of the human biological response to genetic and environmental influences than measures of body size and weight. Infant body composition is particularly important as a marker of fetal adaptation and developmental programming of subsequent health and disease, but until recently, the range of options for measuring infant body composition was relatively narrow. The purpose of this Toolkit: Methods in Human Biology review is to provide a comprehensive overview of methods of body composition methods currently used in infants 0 to 2 years of age, including anthropometric prediction equations, air displacement plethysmography (ADP), dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), isotope dilution, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Information on the reliability, validity, and accuracy of the methods is provided. Unique aspects of infant physiology and behavior create challenges for body composition assessment, but this review provides guidance on suitable testing approaches and environments that may aid researchers in this important area of investigation. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 26:291–304, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Three‐Component Reactions of Aldehydes, Amines, and Alkynes/Alkenes Catalyzed by Trifluoromethanesulfonic Acid: An Efficient Route to Substituted Quinolines
Authors: Zhang Xu , Xu Xuefeng , Yu Lintao , Zhao Qiang 
Published: January 2014

AbstractHerein, we have developed a facile and economic HOTf‐catalyzed synthesis for the construction of quinolines from aldehydes, amines, and alkynes/alkenes, which are readily available from commercial vendors. The electronic properties of the substituents on the aldehydes, amines, and alkynes/alkenes have been investigated. It was found that molecules with both electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing substituents were suitable substrates for this transformation, and the expected products were obtained in moderate to excellent yields. The use of a single catalytic system to mediate chemical transformations in a synthetic operation is important for the development of new atom‐economic strategies and this strategy is efficient in building complex structures from simple starting materials in an environmentally benign fashion.
Macrocyclic Dyads Based on C60 and Perylenediimides Connected by Click Chemistry
Authors: Pla Sara , Martín‐Gomis Luis , Ohkubo Kei , Fukuzumi Shunichi , Fernández‐Lázaro Fernando , Sastre‐Santos Ángela 
Published: January 2014

AbstractTwo sets of perylenediimide‐[60]fullerene dyads PDI‐C60 connected through 1,2,3‐triazole units have been synthesized and characterized. The cyclic dyad PDICl4‐C60 has four chlorine atoms in the 1,6,7,12‐PDI positions, whereas the cyclic dyad PDIPip2‐C60 has two piperidine units in the 1,7‐PDI positions. On the other hand, PDICl4‐C60 and PDIPip2‐C60 dyads were synthesized as linear counterparts with the same substitution pattern. Also, a C60‐PDICl4‐C60 triad has been prepared. A small interaction between C60 and PDI moieties in the ground state was detected by UV/vis and electrochemical measurements in both PDI‐C60 cyclic systems. The occurrence of photoinduced energy‐transfer processes between PDI and C60 units was confirmed by time‐resolved emission and transient absorption techniques. Femtosecond laser flash photolysis showed energy transfer from 1PDI* to C60 followed by intersystem crossing from 1C60* to 3C60* in the case of the PDICl4‐C60 systems. The energy transfer rate for PDICl4‐C60 in the cyclic dyad and the triad is one order of magnitude faster than that in PDICl4‐C60 in the linear dyad. The fast energy transfer rate together with the enhanced molar absorption coefficient by perylenediimide functionalization will be highly beneficial for applications as acceptors in polymer solar cells. On the other hand, no electron transfer from the donor PDIpip2 units to the acceptor C60 moiety was detected in the case of PDIPip2‐C60 dyads.
Significant sex difference in the association between C‐reactive protein concentration and anthropometry among 13‐ to 19‐year olds, but not 6‐ to 12‐year olds in Nepal
Authors: Konishi Shoko , Parajuli Rajendra Prasad , Takane Erica , Maharjan Makhan , Tachibana Ken'ichi , Jiang Hong‐Wei , Pahari Krishna , Inoue Yosuke , Umezaki Masahiro , Watanabe Chiho 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTLife history theory predicts a trade‐off between immunostimulation and growth. Using a cross‐sectional study design, this study aims to test the hypothesis that C‐reactive protein (CRP) is negatively associated with height‐for‐age z‐scores (HAZ scores) and BMI‐for‐age z‐scores (BAZ scores) among 6‐ to 19‐year olds (N = 426) residing in five Nepalese communities. Dried blood spot (DBS) samples were collected and assayed for CRP using an in‐house enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Sex‐ and age‐group‐specific CRP quartiles were used to examine its association with growth in linear mixed‐effects (LME) models. A significant difference was found in the proportion of elevated CRP (>2 mg/L, equivalent to ∼3.2 mg/L serum CRP) between 13‐ and 19‐year‐old boys (12%) and girls (4%). Concentrations of CRP were positively associated with HAZ score among adolescent (13–19 years) boys, which may indicate that individuals with greater energy resources have better growth and a better response to infections, thus eliminating the expected trade‐off between body maintenance (immunostimulation) and growth. Adolescent boys with low BAZ and HAZ scores had low CRP values, suggesting that those who do not have enough energy for growth cannot increase their CRP level even when infected with pathogens. Among adolescent girls a positive association was observed between CRP and BAZ scores suggesting the possible effects of chronic low‐grade inflammation due to body fat rather than infection. The association between CRP and growth was less evident among children (6–12 years) compared with adolescents, indicating that the elevated energy requirement needed for the adolescent growth spurt and puberty may play some role. Am J Phys Anthropol 154:42–51, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.