bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Incorporation of Remineralizing Agents into Bleaching Gels on the Microhardness of Bovine Enamel in situ
Authors: Torres Carlos Rocha Gomes , Borges Alessandra Bühler , Guimarães Carolina Anne , Bresciani Eduardo , Ramos Carolina Judica , Borges Alexandre Luiz Souto 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT

Aim
This study evaluated the effect of adding calcium or fluoride to 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) bleaching gel and the effect of human saliva on the microhardness of sound and demineralized enamel, using an in situ model.

Materials and methods
Cylindrical bovine enamel specimens (3 × 2 mm) were divided into two groups (n = 30): sound enamel (SE) and demineralized enamel (DE). Each group was divided into three subgroups, according to the bleaching gel: 35% HP; 35% HP + calcium; 35% HP + fluoride. After bleaching therapy, the specimens were fixed to intraoral devices worn by 10 volunteers for 7 days. Surface enamel microhardness (SMH) was measured before and after bleaching procedures, and after 1 and 7 days of saliva exposure. Data were analyzed by Repeated Measures ANOVA (5%).

Results
The variable time resulted in significant differences for SE and DE groups (p = 0.001). For SE, significantly lower SMH was detected for control at post-bleaching period in comparison to the baseline and after 7 days. For DE, the lowest mean values were obtained before bleaching, and the addition of calcium to the peroxide significantly increased enamel SMH. The exposure to human saliva resulted in increased SMH.

Conclusion
The addition of potential remineralizing agents into bleaching gels might play an important role in maintaining the microhardness of sound enamel and in inducing remineralization of artificially demineralized enamel right after bleaching, and the remineralizing action of human saliva might minimize the deleterious effects of bleaching gels on enamel.

Clinical significance
The incorporation of calcium into HP bleaching gel might be beneficial for the initial phases of the bleaching procedure.

How to cite this article
Borges AB, Guimarães CA, Bresciani E, Ramos CJ, Borges ALS, Torres CRG. Effect of Incorporation of Remineralizing Agents into Bleaching Gels on the Microhardness of Bovine Enamel in situ. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):195-201.
Prevalence of Impacted Teeth in a Brazilian Subpopulation
Authors: Borges Alvaro Henrique , Pedro Fábio Luis Miranda , Bandéca Matheus Coelho , Volpato Luiz Evaristo Ricci , Marques Alessandro Tadeu Corrêa , Borba Alexandre Meirelles , de Musis Carlo Ralph 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of impacted teeth in a subpopulation of Brazilian patients based on the retrospective analysis of panoramic radiographs obtained at an oral radiology clinic. Out of 1,977 panoramic radiographs, 1,352 fulfilled inclusion criteria, and 22,984 teeth were assessed. Data were statistically analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov's and Levene's tests; significance was set at 5%. The number of impacted teeth was assessed using analysis of variance and Tukey's post-hoc test. Our results showed significant differences for tooth type and patient age when analyzed separately (p < 0.05); gender did not show significant results (p > 0.05). Correlations between age and gender showed significant differences (p < 0.05), as did the correlations between age, gender and tooth type (p < 0.05). Mandibular molars were the teeth most frequently affected (p < 0.05), followed by maxillary molars (p < 0.05). Other tooth types did not present significant differences among themselves (p > 0.05). Patients aged 22 years or younger were the most frequent ones (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between age groups 37 and 51 years and 52+ (p > 0.05). According to the methodology here employed, gender did not affect tooth impaction, whereas age (22-36 years) and tooth type (mandibular third molars) strongly influenced results.

How to cite this article
Pedro FLM, Bandéca MC, Volpato LER, Marques ATC, Borba AM, de Musis CR, Borges AH. Prevalence of Impacted Teeth in a Brazilian Subpopulation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):209-213.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Healthcare Ethics and Law among Dental Graduates at the RV Dental College, Bengaluru
Authors: Praveen MN , Jayachandra MG , Dhanappa Kirankumar B , Ravi Ramakrishna , Deshpande Prashanth , Biradar Sharaschandra M 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT

Objective
To assess knowledge, attitudes and practices among the dental graduate in relation to healthcare ethics and law.

Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study design was employed using a self-administered questionnaire. A 15 item questionnaire about law and ethics was devised; tested and made available to all levels of gradates including teaching staff, postgraduates and intern at dental college in Bengaluru. A total of 116 graduates participated, with a response rate of 96.5% (n = 112).

Results
Seventy-six percent of the participants said that they are legally bound to treat all the patients who approach them for the treatment. Nearly 32% of the participants have mentioned the various other reasons for the rejection apart from the reason like HIV+, poor patients and patients with the contagious disease.

Conclusion
The study points to the need for appropriate training among graduates including the professional staffs and other graduates, and to devise means to sensitize them to issues of law and ethics in the workplace.

How to cite this article
Dhanappa KB, Praveen MN, Ravi R, Jayachandra MG, Deshpande P, Biradar SM. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Healthcare Ethics and Law among Dental Graduates at the RV Dental College, Bengaluru. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):223-228.
Partial Edentulism based on Kennedy's Classification: An Epidemiological Study
Authors: Gupta Naveen , Reddy Giridhar , Vinod V , Misuriya Abhinav , Bharathi M , Babu Kethi Reddy Mahesh 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT

Background
The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of different Kennedy's classes of partial edentulism during 18 months period.

Materials and methods
Patients were clinically examined for various Kennedy's classes of partial edentulism in the outpatient department (OPD), prosthodontics, GPRDCH, Kurnool (Andhra Pradesh)

Results
Of the total 1,420 OPD patients, Kennedy's class III was the most frequent classification encountered (62%) and followed by Kennedy's class I (18%), class II (11%), and class IV (9%) in decreasing order.

Conclusion
The patients with various Kennedy's classes of partial edentulism can be offered various treatment modalities like removable cast partial dentures, fixed partial dentures, over dentures and implant supported dentures. This study can be crucial for screening the population for incidence of tooth loss as a factor of gender and age.

Clinical significance
Tooth loss appears to have an important role in the loss of esthetics and mastication. Study of incidence of various classes of partial edentulism provides clinically useful information for dental training and continuing education.

How to cite this article
Bharathi M, Babu KRM, Reddy G, Gupta N, Misuriya A, Vinod V. Partial Edentulism based on Kennedy's Classification: An Epidemiological Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):229-231.
Noninvasive Treatment Choice for an Aged Down Syndrome Patient Presenting a Residual Periapical Cyst
Authors: Sperandio Felipe Fornias , de Carli Marina Lara , Guimarães Eduardo Pereira , Pereira Alessandro Antônio Costa , Hanemann João Adolfo Costa 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTAimThis is the first report to illustrate the marsupialization as an effective treatment for a Down Syndrome (DS) patient presenting a residual periapical cyst.BackgroundThese cysts occur within the alveolar ridge, usually at the local site of a previously extracted tooth that did not received proper curettage; usually the surgical excision of a cyst and also the vigorous curettage of a socket is very simple, if not for the fact that mentally disabled patients require rapid and non-stressful procedures.Case descriptionThe 54-year-old DS patient represented herein received a minimally invasive marsupialization under local anesthesia. Due to the large extent of the lesion, the acrylic resin drain was maintained for 30 days. Through the following period, a daily irrigation of the cystic cavity with saline solution was carried out to prevent a secondary infection within the cystic cavity. A follow-up of 16 months showed no signs of recurrence.ConclusionMarsupialization of residual periapical cyst is completely effective and safe, even for a DS patient that is considered to be at an advanced age.Clinical significanceMarsupialization poses as a minimally invasive choice for mentally disabled patients, even when presenting advanced ages; treatment success was stated by the easy clinical conduct, uneventful postoperative situation and the lack of recurrence along 16 months of follow-up.How to cite this articleSperandio FF, de Carli ML, Guimarães EP, Pereira AAC, Hanemann JAC. Noninvasive Treatment Choice for an Aged Down Syndrome Patient Presenting a Residual Periapical Cyst. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2): 254-257.
Metastatic Tumors of the Oral Cavity
Authors: Sanketh DS , Amrutha N , Patil Shankargouda 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT
The pivotal reason for morbidity and mortality of any type of cancer is due to metastasis that occurs as a result of adaptation of genetically unstable cancer cells, in an ectopic conducive environment. Oral metastasis in spite of being unusual or rare represents around 25% of the first signs of metastatic spread. Literature says there are more number of cases of jaw bone metastasis reported than in the oral soft tissues. The most common primary organs metastasizing to the jaw bones and the oral soft tissues are the breast and the lungs respectively. The issue in diagnosing a metastatic tumor arises either when the patient does not reveal the history of the primary illness he or she may be suffering from or when he or she is unaware of it. Diagnosis in such situations is a challenge to the clinician or pathologist. Diagnosing any lymph node or distant metastasis from oral cancer is very important for the prognosis of the patient. In this review we have made an attempt, to explain some recent concepts of pathophysiology of the metastatic process, the clinical manifestations of metastatic tumors to the oral region and to discuss their diagnostic workup.

How to cite this article
Rao RS, Patil S, Sanketh DS, Amrutha N. Metastatic Tumors of the Oral Cavity. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):263-271.
Detection of Lupine (Lupinus spp. L.) as a food allergen using three methods: end-point PCR, Real-Time PCR and Elisa
Authors: Revák Ondrej , Golian Jozef , Židek Radoslav , Čapla Jozef , Zajác Peter 
Published: July 2014

The aim of this work was to compare three methods for the detection and quantification of lupine as an allergen in food. The methods that were used in this work were the direct method: ELISA and the indirect methods: end-point PCR and real-time PCR. We examined the detection limit (the sensitivity with which we can detect the presence of the allergen in a sample) and the reliability for performing an analysis. We used 17 samples of plant species from a processing plant for dehydrated soups production and lupine samples from lupine processing companies. Its practical use is wide and it is used mainly in the bakery industry, in the manufacture of confectionery, pasta, sauces, as a substitute for soy and also in the production of gluten-free food, because it does not contain gluten. Lupine, however, is also included in the list of 14 allergenic substances, which in accordance with the EU legislation must be listed on food labels. The high risk group, which suffers from primary sensitization or cross-reaction with peanuts, are allergic patients. In the EU, people who are allergic to peanuts range from 0.7 to 1.5%. In experiment 1, we detected the presence of lupine using primers for the detection of α- and δ-conglutine in the samples, using the end-point PCR method and the detection limit of this reaction was at the level of 100 ppm. For the vizualization of the DNA fragments, we used a 2% agarose gel and UV visualizer. In experiment 2 we detected lupine using the TaqMan real-time PCR reaction and primers for the detection of α and δ-conglutine at the level of 10 ppm of lupine in sample. The CP values of lupine using primers for the detection of α-conglutine was 24.85 ± 0.12 and the reliability equation was R2 = 0.9767. The CP lupine values using primers for the detection of δ-conglutine was 22.52 ± 0.17 and the reliability equation was R2 = 0.9925. In experiment 3, we used a sandwich ELISA method for the detection of lupine and the detection limit was within the range of 2-30 ppm and the reliability of the method according to the reliability equation was R2 = 0.9975. The high sensitivity and equation of reliability justify the use of these methods for the detection and quantification of lupine in practice. The most sensitive indirect method for the detection of lupine in our study was the method of real-time TaqMan PCR with a detection limit 10 000-10 ppm of lupine. The most sensitive direct methot was ELISA with detection limit 2-30 ppm of lupine.
Orthopaedic Rehabilitation Device Actuated with Pneumatic Muscles
Authors: Petre Ioana , Deaconescu Andrea , Rogozea Liliana , Deaconescu Tudor Ion 
Published: July 2014

Year after year recovery clinics worldwide report significant numbers of lower limb bearing joint disabilities. An effective method for the speedy rehabilitation of patients with such afflictions is Continuous Passive Motion (CPM), drawing upon a range of specific equipment. This paper presents an innovative constructive solution for such orthopaedic rehabilitation equipment, designed to ensure a swift reintegration of patients at as low a cost as possible. The absolute novelty consists in the utilization of the linear pneumatic muscle as actuator of the orthopaedic rehabilitation equipment, thus achieving a light and highly compliant construction that satisfies safety requirements related to man-machine interaction. Pneumatic muscles are bio-inspired actuation systems characterized by a passive variable compliant behaviour. This property, deployed in rehabilitation systems, enables the development of human friendly devices, which are comfortable for the patients, and capable of safe interaction. This paper presents the constructive schematic of the orthopaedic rehabilitation equipment, the structure of the actuation and positioning system, and several of its functional characteristics.
A New Paradigm for Packaging Design in Web-Based Commerce
Authors: Alberto Regattieri , Giulia Santarelli , Mauro Gamberi , Cristina Mora 
Published: July 2014

E-commerce is one of the most important features to have emerged from the presence of the Internet. It allows people to exchange goods with low time or distance barriers. E-commerce creates new opportunities; meanwhile, it also presents new challenges in terms of supplying chain management, particularly regarding the packaging system. Packaging functions have had to develop along with the new requirements enforced by e-commerce (i.e., increased amounts of packaging materials for each product, an increased need to protect items, end-life management, environmental sustainability, etc.). In this paper, the authors propose an original reference framework for the design of a product packaging system that can be applied to e-operations. According to the framework, the authors have developed a mathematical model for evaluating the cost that a company has to sustain when partaking in e-commerce business. In conclusion, the paper discusses the application of both the framework and the mathematical model to a case study in order to develop an innovative packaging solution for e-commerce.
Transposition of Intravascular Lipid in Experimentally Induced Fat Embolism: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Hwang So-Min , Lee Jong-Seo , Kim Hong-Il , Jung Yong-Hui , Kim Hyung-Do 
Published: July 2014

Background Liposuction is a procedure to reduce the volume of subcutaneous fat by physical force. Intracellular storage fat is composed of triglyceride, whereas circulating fat particles exist as cholesterol or triglycerol bound to carrier proteins. It is unavoidable that the storage form of fat particles enters the circulation system after these particles are physiologically destroyed. To date, however, no studies have clarified the fatal characteristics of fat embolism that occurs after the subclinical phase of free fat particles.
Methods A mixture of human lipoaspirate and normal saline (1:100, 0.2 mL) was injected into the external jugular vein of rats, weighing 200 g on average. Biopsy specimens of the lung and kidney were examined at 12-hour intervals until postoperative 72 hours. The deposit location and transport of the injected free fat particles were confirmed histologically by an Oil Red O stain.
Results Inconsistent with previous reports, free fat particles were transported from the intravascular space to the parenchyma. At 24 hours after infusion, free fat particles deposited in the vascular lumen were confirmed on the Oil Red O stain. At 72 hours after infusion, free fat particles were accumulated compactly within the parenchymal space near the perivascular area.
Conclusions Many surgeons are aware of the fatal results and undiscovered pathophysiologic mechanisms of free fat particles. Our results indicate that free fat particles, the storage form of fat that has been degraded through a physiological process, might be removed through a direct transport mechanism and phagocytotic uptake.
Comparison Study of the Use of Absorbable and Nonabsorbable Materials as Internal Splints after Closed Reduction for Nasal Bone Fracture
Authors: Yi Chang Ryul , Kim Young Joon , Kim Hoon , Nam Sang Hyun , Choi Young Woong 
Published: July 2014

Background The authors sought to compare the use of the nonabsorbable polyvinyl alcohol sponge (PVA, Merocel) and absorbable synthetic polyurethane foam (SPF, Nasopore Forte plus) as intranasal splints after closed reduction of fractured nasal bones during the hospitalization period.
Methods The medical records of 111 patients who underwent closed reduction for nasal bone fracture at Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, from 2012 to 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. PVA (group A) or SPF (group B) was packed as an internal splint after closed reduction. The efficacy of the materials was compared and statistically analyzed.
Results PVA was used in 82 patients, and SPF was used in 29 patients. The patients in group B complained significantly more of nasal pain on the first day after operation than the patients in group A. Headaches on the operation day were significantly more painful in group B than in group A. Bleeding on the fourth postoperative day was significantly reduced in group B as compared to group A. The patients in group B exhibited significantly more intensive nasal obstruction on the operation day and the following day than the patients in group A. However, on the third and fourth postoperative days, the nasal obstruction in group B was less than that in group A. The pain and bleeding related to the packing material was significantly reduced in group B as compared to group A.
Conclusions The use of SPF as an absorbable packing material is a reasonable substitute for the traditional nonabsorbable material.
Safety of Silastic Sheet for Orbital Wall Reconstruction
Authors: Moon Seong June , Suh Hyun Suk , Park Bo Young , Kang So Ra 
Published: July 2014

Background Many implants are being used for the reconstruction of orbital wall fractures. The effect of the choice of implant for the reconstruction of an orbital wall fracture on the surgical outcome is under debate. The purpose of this article is to compare the outcomes of orbital wall reconstruction of small orbital wall fractures on the basis of the implants used.
Methods The authors conducted a retrospective study using electronic databases. Between March 2001 and December 2012, 461 patients with orbital wall fractures were included in this study. Among them, 431 patients in whom the fracture size was less than 300 mm2 were analyzed. The fracture size was calculated using computed tomography scans of the orbit in the sagittal and coronal images. Cases in which the fracture size was less than 300 mm2 were included in this study.
Results One hundred and twenty-nine patients were treated with silastic sheets; 238 patients were treated with titanium meshes; and absorbable meshes were used in the case of 64 patients. Overall, 13 patients required revision, and the revision rate was 3.0%. The revision rate of the silastic sheet group was 5.4%. In the multivariable analysis, the revision rate of the group reconstructed with silastic sheets was highly statistically significant (P=0.043, odds ratio=3.65). However, other factors such as age, sex, fracture type, and fracture size were not significant.
Conclusions Reconstruction of orbital wall fractures with silastic sheets may cause more complications than that with other materials such as titanium meshes and absorbable meshes.
Aesthetic Design of Skin-Sparing Mastectomy Incisions for Immediate Autologous Tissue Breast Reconstruction in Asian Women
Authors: Tan Bien-Keem , Chim Harvey , Ng Zhi Yang , Ong Kong Wee 
Published: July 2014

Background The advent of skin-sparing mastectomy has allowed for the reconstruction of the breast and nipple with improved cosmesis. However, the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) in Asian patients is more pigmented and scars easily. Therefore, commonly described incisions tend to result in poor aesthetic outcomes in Asian patients with breast cancer.Methods We describe an algorithmic approach to skin-sparing mastectomy incisions in Asian patients on the basis of the location of the biopsy scar and the tumor site and size. Four incision types are described: peri-areolar, a peri-areolar incision with a second distant skin paddle, "racquet handle," and peri-areolar with adjacent skin excision.Results 281 immediate breast reconstructions were performed between May 2001 and February 2012 after skin-sparing mastectomy. The mastectomy incisions used included the peri-areolar design (n=124, 44%), peri-areolar design with a second distant skin paddle (n=39, 14%), "racquet handle" (n=21, 7.5%), and peri-areolar design with adjacent skin excision (n=42, 14%). The traditional elliptical incision and other variants where the NAC outline was not preserved were performed in the remaining 55 patients. The average follow-up was 44.7 months during which there was 1 case of total flap loss and 7 cases of partial flap necrosis; all remaining flaps survived. 24% of the patients (68/281) underwent subsequent nipple reconstruction.Conclusions Our algorithm avoids breast incisions that are randomly placed or excessively long and prevents the unnecessary sacrifice of normal breast skin. This allows skin-sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction to be performed with a consistently achievable aesthetic result in Asian women without neglecting oncological safety.