bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the Oil Production from Sabiriyah Upper Burgan Reservoir of North Kuwait through Non-Conventional Well
Authors: Abou-Qammaz Lamya , Raja Ramalingam , Cameron Peter , Nair Sajan , Mishra Rajendra Kumar , Al-Sultan Nuha 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Maximizing oil production by implementing appropriate latest technology is of utmost importance to meet the KOC's strategic goals. The Burgan Formation in the Sabiriyah field is of Cretaceous age and consists of three reservoirs viz, Lower, Middle and Upper Burgan. The Upper Burgan is broadly divided into seven lithological units. Among them, Upper Burgan 2 (UB2) and Upper Burgan 4 (UB4) litho units demonstrates comparatively good reservoir quality with sufficient lateral extension.
The Upper Burgan reservoir in Sabiriyah field is very heterogeneous and complex in nature. The reservoir was developed through vertical wells all these years. However, to enhance production contribution from this complex reservoir, a paradigm shift in development strategy was adopted. Accordingly, a first ever non-conventional well (NCW) was planned, successfully drilled and completed with ICD.
The detailed geological studies and information from dynamic data were integrated in identifying the target. The twenty feet UB2 layer in less explored eastern part of the field was finalized as the target for NCW and the proposed location was further evaluated using full field modelling. The UB2 layer in that location has three sand units viz. upper, middle and lower. Each sand unit was separated by a prominent shale layer. The NCW was planned in such a manner to target all the sand units of UB2 optimally and stratigraphically step down /drill through the shale units in between the sand units. The NCW was drilled with the horizontal trajectory in the UB2 layer as per the plan. A total of 1800 feet of lateral section was encountered with an average porosity of 20 per cent while the permeability reached up to 1 Darcy in certain intervals. The test results of this well are highly encouraging, paving the way for future NCWs to enhance production from the Upper Burgan Reservoir.
Innovative Drilling Technology Reduced Drilling Time in Deep Drilling Jurassic 16in Hole Section-Case Study
Authors: Al-Saleh A.. , Shehab A.. , BaiJal S.. , Karthikeyan N.. , Mobasher M.. , Chimirala V.. , Abed M.. , AlHalawani K.. , Saleh R.. , Ali H.. , Hassan S.. , Ghoneim O.. , Saleh M.. , Nair P.. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractDirectionally drilling of 16-in hole section in a deep gas field had been always a challenging task to the Operator. This is mainly due to the lithology, consisting of very hard limestone with thin bed of shale where the kickoff would generally start around 11,200 ft.The operator attempted to kick off the 16-in hole using both roller cone TCI bit and PDC bit technology and utilizing a mud motor as the drive mechanism. This method provided an unacceptable low rate of penetration. In addition, there were difficulties in achieving the directional control, and multiple bit trips were required to finish the required directional work.The operator determined that a new bottomhole assembly (BHA) would be needed to efficiently drill this section to the desired inclination and azimuth in one run, while meeting the performance requirement. Multi-function teams were organized to aggressively look for new BHA configuration that could consistently drill this interval in one run with a good rate of penetration.Historically the sliding ROP in the curve section consumes the maximum time (as low as 2-3 ft/hr) with PDC bits and Motor Kick off due to tool face control. To mitigate this, Motorized Rotary Steerable System was selected for this section. The section was kicked off very successfully achieving the required build rates with double the ROP compared to previous wells.The team collaborated to custom design a new bit and BHA with new drive system that would achieve the operator's objectives. The collaborative effort resulted in achieving new records in drilling, with the fastest ROP, 50 - 100% higher than previous attempts on the fastest offset wells ever drilled in a 16-in hole and precisely drilling to the planned trajectory. The application of this new technology proved to customer that what was not previously possible could be done now more efficiently and cost effectively.
Association Between Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Severe Hypoglycemia in People With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Inkster Berit , Riha Renata L. , Van Look Liesbeth , Williamson Rachel , McLachlan Stela , Frier Brian M. , Strachan Mark W.J. , Price Jackie F. , Reynolds Rebecca M. 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE
Sleep-disordered breathing and sleepiness cause metabolic, cognitive, and behavioral disturbance. Sleep-disordered breathing is common in type 2 diabetes, a condition that requires adherence to complex dietary, behavioral, and drug treatment regimens. Hypoglycemia is an important side effect of treatment, causing physical and psychological harm and limiting ability to achieve optimal glycemic control. We hypothesized that sleep disorder might increase the risk of hypoglycemia through effects on self-management and glucose regulation.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
People with type 2 diabetes (n = 898) completed questionnaires to assess sleep-disordered breathing, daytime sleepiness, and occurrence of severe hypoglycemia.

RESULTS
Subjects who scored highly on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale were significantly more likely to have suffered from severe hypoglycemia. This was a significant predictor of severe hypoglycemia in regression analysis including the variables age, sex, duration of diabetes, HbA1c, BMI, and treatment type.

CONCLUSIONS
Daytime sleepiness may be a novel risk factor for hypoglycemia.
The Relative and Combined Ability of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T and N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide to Predict Cardiovascular Events and Death in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Hillis Graham S. , Welsh Paul , Chalmers John , Perkovic Vlado , Chow Clara K. , Li Qiang , Jun Min , Neal Bruce , Zoungas Sophia , Poulter Neil , Mancia Giuseppe , Williams Bryan , Sattar Naveed , Woodward Mark 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE
Current methods of risk stratification in patients with type 2 diabetes are suboptimal. The current study assesses the ability of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) to improve the prediction of cardiovascular events and death in patients with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A nested case-cohort study was performed in 3,862 patients who participated in the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial.

RESULTS
Seven hundred nine (18%) patients experienced a major cardiovascular event (composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke) and 706 (18%) died during a median of 5 years of follow-up. In Cox regression models, adjusting for all established risk predictors, the hazard ratio for cardiovascular events for NT-proBNP was 1.95 per 1 SD increase (95% CI 1.72, 2.20) and the hazard ratio for hs-cTnT was 1.50 per 1 SD increase (95% CI 1.36, 1.65). The hazard ratios for death were 1.97 (95% CI 1.73, 2.24) and 1.52 (95% CI 1.37, 1.67), respectively. The addition of either marker improved 5-year risk classification for cardiovascular events (net reclassification index in continuous model, 39% for NT-proBNP and 46% for hs-cTnT). Likewise, both markers greatly improved the accuracy with which the 5-year risk of death was predicted. The combination of both markers provided optimal risk discrimination.

CONCLUSIONS
NT-proBNP and hs-cTnT appear to greatly improve the accuracy with which the risk of cardiovascular events or death can be estimated in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Immunoreactivity of the calbindin D28k in the parahippocampal gyrus of chinchilla
Authors: Szalak Radosław , Jaworska-Adamu Jadwiga , Rycerz Karol , Kulik Paweł , Arciszewski Marcin Bartłomiej 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Ten adult male chinchillas were used. The localisation of calbindin D28k (CB) was examined with the use of two types of reactions: immunocytochemical peroxidase-antiperoxidase and immunofluorescence staining with a specific monoclonal antibody against CB. Immunocytochemical examination demonstrated the presence of CB-positive neurons in the following layers of all parts the parahippocampal gyrus (PG): marginal, external cellular, middle cellular, and internal cellular, i.e. in entorhinal area, parasubiculum, and presubiculum. Immunofluorescence staining revealed the presence of CB in both Hu C/Dimmunoreactive (IR) neurons and nervous fibers of the PG. CB-IR neuronal cell bodies were moderately numerous (ca. 10% of Hu C/D-IR neurons) and clearly distinguished from the background. Each layer of the brain area consisted of two types of neurons: pyramidal and multiform. Among the second type of neurons, four kinds of morphologically different neuronal subclasses were observed: multipolar, bipolar, round, and Cajal-Retzius cells. It is concluded that the expression of CB in the PG of the chinchilla is species specific and limited to several subclasses of neurons
Numerical Study on Thermal Environment in Mine Gob Under Coal Oxidation Condition
Authors: Wang Yanming , Shi Guoqing , Wang Deming 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The most feared of hazards in underground mines are those of fires and explosions. This study focuses on the temperature-rising process of residual coal under spontaneous combustion condition in coal mine gob. A numerical model has been established considering the chemical reaction, heat transfer and components seepage flow. The temperature distributions and maximum values for different positrons at various times have been calculated by using the coupled model. An experimental model has been also developed for model calibration. The validation indicates the numerical model is accurate and suitable for solving the temperature-rising problem in coalmines. The simulation results show that high temperature zone appears at the air intake roadway side in the gob and enlarging the ventilation flux increases the risk of self-ignition of coal. The research results can be used to predict the temperature-rising of coal spontaneous combustion and coal resources prevention.
Origin of sediments during Cretaceous continent—continent collision in the Romanian Southern Carpathians: preliminary constraints from 40Ar/39Ar single-grain dating of detrital white mica
Authors: Neubauer Franz , Bojar Ana-Voica 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Single grains of detrital white mica from the lowermost Upper Cretaceous Sinaia Flysch have been dated using the 40Ar/39Ar technique. The Sinaia Flysch was deposited in a trench between the Danubian and Getic microcontinental pieces after the closure of the Severin oceanic tract. The Danubian basement is largely composed of a Panafrican/Cadomian basement in contrast to the Getic/Supragetic units with a Variscan-aged basement, allowing the distinction between these two blocks. Dating of detrital mica from the Sinaia Flysch resulted in predominantly Variscan ages (329 ± 3 and 288 ± 4 Ma), which prove the Getic/Supragetic source of the infill of the Sinaia Trench. Subordinate Late Permian (263 ± 8 and 255 ±10 Ma), Early Jurassic (185 ± 4 and 183 ± 3 Ma) and Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous (149 ± 3 and 140 ± 3 Ma) ages as well as a single Cretaceous age (98 ± 4 Ma) are interpreted as representing the exposure of likely retrogressive low-grade metamorphic ductile shear zones of various ages. Ductile shear zones with similar 40Ar/39Ar white mica ages are known in the Getic/Supragetic units. The Cretaceous ages also show that Cretaceous metamorphic units were already subject to erosion during the deposition of the Sinaia Flysch.
The Effects of a Between-Wave Incentive Experiment on Contact Update and Production Outcomes in a Panel Study
Authors: McGonagle Katherine A. , Schoeni Robert F. , Couper Mick P. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Since 1969, families participating in the U.S. Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) have been sent a mailing asking them to update or verify their contact information in order to keep track of their whereabouts between waves. Having updated contact information prior to data collection is associated with fewer call attempts, less tracking, and lower attrition. Based on these advantages, two experiments were designed to increase response rates to the between wave contact mailing. The first experiment implemented a new protocol that increased the overall response rate by 7-10 percentage points compared to the protocol in place for decades on the PSID. This article provides results from the second experiment which examines the basic utility of the between-wave mailing, investigates how incentives affect article cooperation to the update request and field effort, and attempts to identify an optimal incentive amount. Recommendations for the use of contact update strategies in panel studies are made.
Unit Nonresponse and Weighting Adjustments: A Critical Review
Authors: Brick J. Michael 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This article reviews unit nonresponse in cross-sectional household surveys, the consequences of the nonresponse on the bias of the estimates, and methods of adjusting for it. We describe the development of models for nonresponse bias and their utility, with particular emphasis on the role of response propensity modeling and its assumptions. The article explores the close connection between data collection protocols, estimation strategies, and the resulting nonresponse bias in the estimates. We conclude with some comments on the current state of the art and the need for future developments that expand our understanding of the response phenomenon.
Distinguishing between two Antarctic species of Eocene Palaeeudyptes penguins: a statistical approach using tarsometatarsi
Authors: Jadwiszczak Piotr , Acosta Hospitaleche Carolina 
Published: October 2013

AbstractDefining species boundaries, due to morphological variation, often represents a significant challenge in paleozoology. In this paper we report results from multi− and univariate data analyses, such as enhanced clustering techniques, principal coordinates or− dination method, kernel density estimations and finite mixture model analyses, revealing some morphometric patterns within the Eocene Antarctic representatives of Palaeeudyptes penguins. These large−sized birds were represented by two species, P. gunnari and P. klekowskii, known mainly from numerous isolated bones. Investigations focused on tarso− metatarsi, crucial bones in paleontology of early penguins, resulted in a probability−based framework allowing for the “fuzzy” partitioning the studied specimens into two taxa with partly overlapping size distributions. Such a number of species was supported by outcomes from both multi− and univariate studies. In our opinion, more reliance should be placed on the quantitative analysis of form when distinguishing between species within the Antarctic Palaeeudyptes.
Evaluation of undiagnosed solitary lung nodules according to the probability of malignancy in the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) evidence-based clinical practice guidelines
Authors: Shinohara Shinji , Hanagiri Takeshi , Takenaka Masaru , Chikaishi Yasuhiro , Oka Soich , Shimokawa Hidehiko , Nakagawa Makoto , Uramoto Hidetaka , So Tomoko , Aoki Takatoshi , Tanaka Fumihiro 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Background. This study retrospectively investigated the clinical significance of undiagnosed solitary lung nodules removed by surgical resection.
Patients and methods. We retrospectively collected data on the age, smoking, cancer history, nodule size, location and spiculation of 241 patients who had nodules measuring 7 mm to 30 mm and a final diagnosis established by histopathology. We compared the final diagnosis of each patient with the probability of malignancy (POM) which was proposed by the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) guidelines.
Results. Of the 241 patients, 203 patients were diagnosed to have a malignant lung tumor, while 38 patients were diagnosed with benign disease. There were significant differences in the patients with malignant and benign disease in terms of their age, smoking history, nodule size and spiculation. The mean value and the standard deviation of the POM in patients with malignant tumors were 51.7 + 26.1%, and that of patients with benign lesions was 34.6 + 26.7%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was 0.67. The best cut-off value provided from the ROC curve was 22.6. When the cut-off value was set at 22.6, the sensitivity was 83%, specificity 52%, positive predictive value 90%, negative predictive value 36% and accuracy 77%, respectively.
Conclusions. The clinical prediction model proposed in the ACCP guidelines showed unsatisfactory results in terms of the differential diagnosis between malignant disease and benign disease of solitary lung nodules in our study, because the specificity, negative predictive value and AUC were relatively low.
The Problem of Real Estate Research Area Selection for the Purpose of Appraisal Process
Authors: Krajewska Małgorzata 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The following article contributes to the discussion on the issue of the interference of legal regulations on the procedure of real estate appraisal, which is as an economic activity. A special dose of attention is drawn to the selection of the research area of the real estate market. Legal regulations referring to this selection as well as, economic factors based on the preferences of buyers have been described.
The application of quality-based methods of marketing has been indicated as a possible means of diagnosing the real estate market, bringing satisfactory results even in the case of limited as well as complex markets, such as suburban areas. On the basis of the Bydgoszcz agglomeration, it was proven that real estate market interference areas do not correlate with the administrative borders of cities or districts.
Furthermore, an appraisal of land located in a suburban area of Bydgoszcz was performed twice by varying means, accepting data from different market areas: local (the territory of the commune) and supralocal (the territory of the commune and partially, the city), thus indicating the considerable influence of research area selection on the estimated value.
The acquired research results may serve as a starting point for further analyses of other local markets.
Fluctuation of gauge field for general nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation and covariant version of Fisher information matrix
Authors: Yamano Takuya 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWe clarify a strong link between general nonlinear Fokker-Planck equations with gauge fields associated with nonequilibrium dynamics and the Fisher information of the system. The notion of Abelian gauge theory for the non-equilibrium Fokker-Planck equation has proposed in the literature, in which the associated curvature represents internal geometry. We present the fluctuation of the gauge field can be decomposed into three parts. We further show that if we define the Fisher information matrix by using a covariant derivative then it gives correlation of the flux components but it is not gauge invariant.
Properties of modified carboxymethyl cellulose prepared by lyophilisation
Authors: Borůvková Karolína , Wiener Jakub 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This study deals with the change of selected properties of samples of modified carboxymethyl cellulose after freeze
drying. The investigated properties were changes in thickness, permeability, water sorption, thermal area resistance
and thermal absorbing capacity. The prepared materials were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The
product of presented technology has large internal surface, high wettability and biodegradability. It is nontoxic with
high potential in biological applications.
Chinese Paternalistic Leadership and Leadership Effectiveness in Textile Industry
Authors: Tsai Hsien-Tang , Wu Tung-Ju , Yeh Shang-Pao 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The textile industry at one time, used to be one of the key industries in the economic development of Taiwan.
Nevertheless, this labour- and time-intensive activity resulted in those employed in the industry not being able to
devote adequate attention to both the family and business, that resulted in the enterprises being shipped out to other
parts of labour-intensive Southeast Asia. This study aims to discuss the correlations between Chinese paternalistic
leadership and organisational commitment, leadership effectiveness in the textile industry, and understanding the
effects of supervisor–subordinate guanxi . Using quantitative questionnaire surveys, the supervisors and employees
in 398 textile-related businesses in Taiwan, including 137 textile factories, 98 dyeing and finishing factories and 153
clothing factories, are studied. After applying hierarchical regression analysis to analysing the data, it is found that
moral and benevolent leadership do not enforce as much obedience and performance as authoritarian leadership
does. Instead, their loyalties are based on the “heart” of the employees to enhance their commitment to the
organisation, by which the supervisor–subordinate guanxi could effectively adjust strong-arm leadership and the
attitude of the employees. Therefore, it is suggested that Chinese supervisors should adopt benevolent leadership,
maintain favourable guanxi with the employees, and improve the work atmosphere.
Efficacy of Trimebutine Maleate in the Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia in Childhood
Authors: Nijevitch Alexander A , Akhmadeeva Elsa N , Sataev Valery U , Idrisov Bulat 
Published: October 2013

Peripheral μ-, k- and δ-opioid agonist trimebutine maleate is considered to be an effective therapeutic drug for the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Ninety-two paediatric outpatients (12- 17 year-old) suffering from functional dyspepsia (epigastric pain and meal-induced dyspeptic symptoms) were enrolled in a prospective openlabel study. For ethical reasons, no placebo group was included. Patients were treated with trimebutine maleate (200 mg three times daily). After a 3-week treatment there was a significant decrease in scores of epigastric pain (p<0.05), postprandial fullness (p<0.05), early satiety (p<0.05), nausea (p<0.05) and belching (p<0.05). The treatment regimen was well tolerated and demonstrated a good compliance. In conclusion, we postulate that trimebutine maleate is an effective medication for relief of main symptoms associated with functional dyspepsia syndrome in childhood. Because of the limited data on therapeutic interventions in functional dyspepsia in childhood and increasing demand for therapies to treat this disorder, further evaluation of the efficacy of trimebutine treatment for children is certain. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i2.7229 J Nepal Paediatr Soc. 2013; 33(2):158-162
Hydrometrocolpos Presenting as Abdominal Distension in the Newborn
Authors: Arora Sunita , Narang Gursharan Singh , Khurana Mandeep Singh , Khera Anubha 
Published: October 2013

Hydrometrocolpos is a rare entity in the newborn period with an incidence of 1 in 16000 female deliveries. We report a rare case of a two days old female child who presented to us with marked abdominal distension at birth due to hydrometrocolpos. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i2.7515 J Nepal Paediatr Soc. 2013; 33(2):136-137