bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of an artificial intelligence–enhanced, web‐based application to review bile duct brushing cytologic specimens: A pilot study
Authors: Marya Neil B. , Powers Patrick D. , Bois Melanie C. , Hartley Christopher , Kerr Sarah E. , Thangaiah Judith Jebastin , Norton Daniel , Abu Dayyeh Barham K. , Cantley Richard , Chandrasekhara Vinay , Gores Gregory , Gleeson Ferga C. , Law Ryan J. , Maleki Zahra , Martin John A. , Pantanowitz Liron , Petersen Bret , Storm Andrew C. , Levy Michael J. , Graham Rondell P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe authors previously developed an artificial intelligence (AI) to assist cytologists in the evaluation of digital whole‐slide images (WSIs) generated from bile duct brushing specimens. The aim of this trial was to assess the efficiency and accuracy of cytologists using a novel application with this AI tool.MethodsConsecutive bile duct brushing WSIs from indeterminate strictures were obtained. A multidisciplinary panel reviewed all relevant information and provided a central interpretation for each WSI as being “positive,” “negative,” or “indeterminate.” The WSIs were then uploaded to the AI application. The AI scored each WSI as positive or negative for malignancy (i.e., computer‐aided diagnosis [CADx]). For each WSI, the AI prioritized cytologic tiles by the likelihood that malignant material was present in the tile. Via the AI, blinded cytologists reviewed all WSIs and provided interpretations (i.e., computer‐aided detection [CADe]). The diagnostic accuracies of the WSI evaluation via CADx, CADe, and the original clinical cytologic interpretation (official cytologic interpretation [OCI]) were compared.ResultsOf the 84 WSIs, 15 were positive, 42 were negative, and 27 were indeterminate after central review. The WSIs generated on average 141,950 tiles each. Cytologists using the AI evaluated 10.5 tiles per WSI before making an interpretation. Additionally, cytologists required an average of 84.1 s of total WSI evaluation. WSI interpretation accuracies for CADx (0.754; 95% CI, 0.622–0.859), CADe (0.807; 95% CI, 0.750–0.856), and OCI (0.807; 95% CI, 0.671–0.900) were similar.ConclusionsThis trial demonstrates that an AI application allows cytologists to perform a triaged review of WSIs while maintaining accuracy.
Dipicolinate‐Ruthenium‐NHC/trpy Complexes: Pincer Ligand Induced Hemilability of Dipicolinate and Enhancement of Cytotoxic Property
Authors: Dhibar Papu , Chandra Anushri , Kundu Sweta , Acharya Chowdhury Avik , Bhattacharya Samaresh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA ruthenium(II) aquo complex [Ru(dipic)(PPh3)2(OH2)], (1 A), bearing O,N,O‐coordinated 2,6‐dipicolinate was synthesized via reaction of [Ru(PPh3)3Cl2] with 2,6‐dipicolinic acid. Crystal structure of 1 A was determined. Utilizing 1 A as a synthon, three new complexes were synthesized. Reaction of 1 A with a bidentate NHC‐ligand, viz. 1‐methyl‐3‐(2′‐pyridyl)imidazole (IMeCN), afforded [Ru(dipic)(IMeCN)(PPh3)], (2 A). Similar reactions of 1 A with two pincer ligands, viz. 2,6‐bis(1′‐methyl imidazolyl)pyridine (IMeCNC) and 2,2′;6′,2“‐terpyridine (trpy), respectively yielded [Ru(dipic)(IMeCNC)(PPh3)], (3 A) and [Ru(dipic)(trpy)(PPh3)], (3 B). Structure of 2 A was optimized by DFT method. Structures of 3 A and 3 B were determined by X‐ray crystallography. In both 3 A and 3B the 2,6‐dipicolinate ligand was found to be N,O‐coordinated with one carboxy end remaining unbound to the metal center. Anticancer property of 2 A, 3 A and 3 B was studied and compared. Cytotoxicity of 3 A, studied against three selected cancer cell lines, viz. chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line (K562), hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) and breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF7), was found to be the most promising. It displayed the best activity against K562, while it did not have any appreciable effect on its normal counterpart, viz. the human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMC). The comparative cytotoxicity studies indicated that presence of the C,N,C‐coordinated pincer NHC ligand in 3 A, together with presence of the free carboxylate end of N,O‐coordinated dipic ligand, are presumably responsible for its superior cytotoxic behavior.
An improved catastrophe progression method based on HMSLGWO–AHP for grouting quality assessment
Authors: Zhu Yushan , Yang Zhu , Li Ning , Huang Jian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAssessing the quality of grouting is a crucial step in the control of grouting construction. The evaluation methods of existing studies are complex, and the evaluation process often suffers from the subjective influence of indicator weightings, detracting from the objectivity of the results. To address these concerns, a streamlined and efficacious comprehensive assessment model is introduced. The model incorporates the catastrophe progression method, which obviates the need for index weight determination. Subsequently, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method improved by the hierarchical multi‐strategy learning gray wolf optimization (HMSLGWO) algorithm is employed to determine the relative significance of indices, in which, the HMSLGWO algorithm, augmented by Gaussian mixture model clustering and multi‐strategy learning, optimizes the consistency of the AHP judgment matrix. This enhancement mitigates the complexity and subjective interference associated with manual adjustments while preserving result accuracy. Additionally, modifications to the result representation of the original catastrophe progression method enhance the clarity of assessment expressions. Finally, a case study of an actual grouting initiative, alongside comparative analyses, substantiates the model's efficacy and applicability.
Chemical composition, anti‐hypertensive properties, and sensory attributes of salt extracted from ash of Hygrophilia schulli
Authors: Mengistu Degsew , Getachew Paulos 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe traditional usage of salt taken from vegetables for the treatment of blood pressure and diabetes is seen in several regions of Ethiopia, particularly in Gambella. The aim of the study was to investigate the mineral content, anti‐hypertensive properties, and sensory attributes of salt obtained from the Hygrophilia schulli. The salt was extracted from the ashing of stems of Hygrophilia schulli. Optical Emission Spectroscopy with Inductively Coupled Plasma was used to identify macro‐minerals, micro‐minerals, and some toxic metals. Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy was used to assess the levels of arsenic and mercury. The anti‐hypertensive property of the salt was determined in vivo using the Wistar rats. The extracted salt was rich in potassium and was deficient in sodium from the analyzed macro‐minerals. It was free from mercury, cadmium, chromium, and arsenic. Lead and nickel were below the Tolerable Weekly Intake Provisional specified by the European Union. Among carbonate and sulfate, chloride was the main anion in this salt. The salt was discovered to have a low taste characteristic compared to common salt. However, the taste attribute of the combination of vegetable and common salt in different proportions was better than common salt. Rats fed with salt from Hygrophilia schulli showed a statistically significant lower systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure compared to normal‐fed and common salt‐fed rat groups. Generally, this study suggests that Hygrophilia schulli salt has the potential to be a viable alternative to common salt, particularly for those suffering from hypertension and other related chronic conditions.
Aging Effects Observed in Automotive Fuel Cell Stacks by Applying a New Realistic Test Protocol and Humidity Control
Authors: Schmid M. A. , Kaczerowski J. , Wilhelm F. , Scholta J. , Müller B. , Hölzle M. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTTraditional automotive proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) endurance testing relies on the fuel cell (FC) dynamic load cycle (FC‐DLC) protocol, which inadequately reflects real‐world driving conditions. To address this limitation the “Investigations on degradation mechanisms and Definition of protocols for PEM Fuel cells Accelerated Stress Testing” (ID‐FAST) consortium defined the new representative “ID‐FAST driving load cycle,” a novel approach capturing the load distribution, transitions, temperature variations, and humidity fluctuations experienced by FCs in real‐world operation. We demonstrate the ID‐FAST driving cycle itself and the integration into a realistic durability test program for FC test benches and present the resulting test data. Furthermore, we showcase its implementation within an accelerated stress testing (AST) protocol, highlighting its potential to significantly reduce testing time by accelerating degradation. Additionally, a novel method for highly dynamic humidity adjustment within test benches is introduced. By overcoming limitations of existing methods and incorporating the ID‐FAST driving cycle, this work paves the way for a new era of efficient and realistic FC endurance testing, ultimately contributing to the development of more robust and durable automotive FC stacks.
Irradiating the Path to High‐Efficiency Zn‐Ion Batteries: An Electrochemical Analysis of Laser‐Modified Anodes
Authors: Durena Ramona , Fedorenko Leonid , Griscenko Nikita , Vanags Martins , Orlova Liga , Onufrijevs Pavels , Stanionyte Sandra , Malinauskas Tadas , Zukuls Anzelms 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGlobal energy consumption is increasing yearly, yet the world is trying to move toward carbon neutrality to mitigate global warming. More research is being done on energy storage devices to advance these efforts. One well‐known and widely studied technology is Zn‐ion batteries (ZIBs). Therefore, this paper demonstrates how laser irradiation at wavelengths of 266 and 1064 nm, in the presence of air or water, can enhance the electrochemical performance of metallic zinc anode in alkaline electrolyte. The obtained samples are characterized using X‐ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Then, the electrochemical properties are studied by cyclic voltammetry and impedance measurements. Results indicate that the laser processing of the Zn sample increases surface‐specific capacity by up to 30% compared to the non‐irradiated Zn sample. Furthermore, electrochemical measurements reveal enhanced participation of metallic Zn grains in the oxidation and reduction processes in irradiated samples. In future research, integrating laser treatment into electrode preparation processes can become essential for optimizing anode battery materials.
Performance Impact of Lead‐Free CsSn0.5Ge0.5I3 Based Perovskite Solar Cells with HTL‐Free Incorporation
Authors: Alam Md. Shah , Warda Rawdad Nawer , Akter Omi , Das Dipta Kumar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLead‐containing halide perovskites show promise for solar energy but pose ecological and health risks. To address these, researchers are exploring inorganic binary metal perovskites. This study proposes an eco‐friendly, durable hole transport layer (HTL)‐free design of CsSn0.5Ge0.5I3 with high power conversion efficiency (PCE). Using the SCAPS‐1D simulator, we assessed the efficiency of an HTL‐free planar heterojunction, while the Density Functional Theory (DFT)‐based CASTEP simulator evaluated the optical properties of CsSn0.5Ge0.5I3 in an orthorhombic structure. Key findings highlight enhanced performance under 100 Wm−2 AM 1.5G illumination by optimizing absorber layer thickness to 800 nm and reducing defect densities in both the perovskite absorber layer and interfaces to 1 × 1014 cm−3.Additonally, the effects of different electron transport materials (ETMs), optimization of electron transport layer (ETL) thickness (30‐50 nm), and back contact design improvements were examined. The simulation's results included an increase over the highest values reported in the literature: an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.06 V, a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 28.52 mA/cm2, a fill factor (FF) of 86.57%, and a PCE of 26.18% for the FTO/Zn0.875Mg0.125O/CsSn0.5Ge0.5I3/Se perovskite solar cell (PSC). This research provides theoretical insights for developing high‐efficiency power modules without HTLs with significant industrial and research potential.
Survivorship program including long‐term toxicities and quality‐of‐life development over 10 years in a randomized trial in operable stage III non‐small‐cell lung cancer (ESPATUE)
Authors: Schulte Christina , Gauler Thomas , Pöttgen Christoph , Friedel Godehard , Kopp Hans‐Georg , Fischer Berthold , Schmidberger Heinz , Kimmich Martin , Budach Wilfried , Cordes Sebastian , Wienker Johannes , Metzenmacher Martin , de Los Rios Rodrigo Hepp , Spengler Werner , De Ruysscher Dirk , Belka Claus , Welter Stefan , Luetke‐Brintrup Diana , Guberina Maja , Oezkan Filiz , Darwiche Kaid , Schuler Martin , Jöckel Karl‐Heinz , Aigner Clemens , Stamatis Georgios , Stuschke Martin , Eberhardt Wilfried Ernst Erich 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOver 40% stage‐III non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (pts) experience 5‐year survival following multimodality treatment. Nevertheless, little is known about relevant late toxicities and quality‐of‐life (QoL) in the further long‐term follow‐up. Therefore, we invited pts from our randomized phase‐III trial (Eberhardt et al., Journal of Clinical Oncology 2015) after 10 years from diagnosis to participate within a structured survivorship program (SSP) including follow‐up imaging, laboratory parameters, cardio‐pulmonary investigations, long‐term toxicity evaluations and QoL questionnaires. Of 246 pts initially accrued, 161 were considered potentially resectable following the induction therapy and were randomized (80 to arm A: definitive chemoradiation; 81 to arm B: definitive surgery; 85 not randomized for different reasons; group C). 31 from 37 pts still alive after 10 years agreed to the SSP (13 in A; 12 in B; 6 in C). Clinically relevant long‐term toxicities (grade 3 and 4) were rarely observed with no signal favoring any of the randomization arms. Furthermore, available data from the global QoL analysis did not show a signal favoring any definitive locoregional approach (Mean QoL in SSP A pts: 56.41/100, B pts: 64.39/100) and no late decline in comparison to baseline and early 1‐year follow‐up. This is the first comprehensive SSP of very late survival follow‐up reported in stage‐III NSCLC treated within a randomized multimodality trial and it may serve as important baseline information for physicians and pts deciding for a locoregional treatment option.
Establishment of post‐percutaneous coronary intervention (post‐PCI) clinic in Thailand
Authors: Manapattanasatien Thidarat , Phanthumetamat Nuanchan , Kanaderm Chanikarn , Kehasukcharoen Wirash , Rattanavipanon Wipharak , Nathisuwan Surakit , Chaiyasothi Thanaputt 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough significant advancements have been made in the acute management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Thailand, there is a need for improvement in the longitudinal care post cardiac stenting.ObjectiveThe study aimed to describe the successful establishment of the first post‐percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) clinic in Thailand and its preliminary impact compared with historical controls.MethodA multidisciplinary outpatient clinic entitled the “post‐PCI clinic,” consisting of cardiologists, nurses, clinical pharmacists, a physical therapist, and a dietitian, was established in 2016 to provide longitudinal care for patients who underwent cardiac stenting at a tertiary care hospital. A standard care pathway, along with the clinic's standard operating protocols, was designed and implemented. A pre‐post intervention, quasi‐experimental study, was conducted to compare the usage rate of secondary prevention medications between patients enrolled in the post‐PCI clinic (January–April 2016) and historical controls (January–June 2015) at month 6 after hospital discharge.ResultsDuring January–April 2016, 91 patients were enrolled in the post‐PCI clinic, with a mean age of 59.2 ± 11.9 years and 65.9% being male. Of these patients, 94.5% presented with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction. Regarding the PCI procedure, 90.1% underwent primary PCI, and 9.9% underwent elective PCI. Almost all patients (98.9%) received drug‐eluting stent placement, except for one. Compared with the historical control group, the usage rates of Angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ACEIs/ARBs) (94.5% vs. 76.5%; p < 0.001), beta‐blockers (93.4% vs. 81.4%; p = 0.013), and high‐intensity statins (90.1% vs. 33.3%; p < 0.001) were higher in the post‐PCI clinic group 6 months after discharge. The three most common interventions by clinical pharmacists were recommendations to initiate new therapy (52.4%), suggestions to adjust dosage regimen (36.7%) and suggestions to change therapy (10.9%).ConclusionThe post‐PCI clinic led to a higher usage rate of secondary prevention medications compared with historical controls.
Synthesis of rGO/CuBi2O4 nanocomposite as an effective photocatalyst in the reduction of nitroaromatic compounds to corresponding amines under visible light
Authors: Hosseinian Elham , Moghanlou Ali Oji , Nanekaran Farshid Salimi , Khanizadeh Behnam , Tarighi Nayer Mohammadian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDChemical pollutants, such as nitroaromatic compounds, have been a significant challenge in recent decades of human societies as they contribute to environmental pollution and pose serious health risks due to their high toxicity. One promising and green method to address this issue is the photocatalytic reduction of nitroaromatic compounds to their corresponding amino aromatic compounds. In this study, an rGO/CuBi2O4 nanocomposite was synthesized using the hydrothermal method, involving the simultaneous reduction of graphene oxide and the coupling of CuBi2O4 nanoparticles in its layers. The resulting heterogeneous structure was characterized using various techniques including FTIR, Raman, XPS, XRD, FESEM, TEM, EDAX, UV–Vis DRS, BET, PL spectroscopy, and EIS. Subsequently, the photocatalytic efficiency of the nanocomposite in reducing nitroaromatic compounds to the corresponding aromatic amines under visible light was evaluated.RESULTSThe results indicated that graphene oxide was effectively reduced and coupled with CuBi2O4 nanoparticles in the reduced graphene oxide sheets. The rGO/CuBi2O4 heterogeneous nanocomposite successfully reduced nitroaromatic compounds to the corresponding aromatic amines under visible light. Hydrazine monohydrate was used to supply the necessary hydrogen for the reaction.CONCLUSIONThis study confirmed the high photocatalytic activity of the rGO/CuBi2O4 heterogeneous nanocomposite. Our nanocomposite was more effective than others, reported in similar studies, at reducing nitroaromatic compounds to the corresponding amino aromatic compounds. Additionally, it demonstrated high recycling and reuse properties, as there was no significant change in reaction conversion percentage and nanocomposite amount after 16 reuses. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Echo‐planar DWI variants: A comparative study in vertebral marrow pathology
Authors: Kesen Sevcihan , Tokgöz Nil 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeSingle‐shot echo‐planar imaging (ss‐EPI) has limited application in vertebral column imaging due to numerous artifacts. Therefore, we aimed to compare readout‐segmented echo‐planar imaging (rs‐EPI) to ss‐EPI and assess its value in the differential diagnosis of vertebral infectious, tumoral infiltrative, and degenerative disorders.Materials and MethodsSixty‐six adult patients with spondylodiscitis (SD, n = 26), tumoral infiltration (TI, n = 20), or Modic type I degeneration (DE, n = 20) findings on spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) included in this retrospective study. Two radiologists scored images for quality on a 4‐point scale (image resolution, degree of geometric distortion, lesion selectivity, and diagnostic reliability) and measured signal intensity (SI), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), and contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR). DE and SD groups also united to form the benign group.ResultsIn all groups, rs‐EPI performed better than ss‐EPI in image quality, SNR, and CNR (p < 0.05). The difference between mean pathological ADC (ADCP) in the two sequences was statistically significant (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of ADCP in rs‐EPI (p = 0.229), unlike ss‐EPI (p = .025). Pathological SI (SIP) and CNR in rs‐EPI were significantly higher in the malignant group than benign group (p = 0.002, p < 0.001). In rs‐EPI, no significant difference was found between malignant and benign groups' ADCP (p = 0.13).ConclusionThe rs‐EPI is a diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) method with higher image quality that diminishes motion‐induced phase errors and increases resolution through phase corrections. However, the distinction of malignant and benign vertebral bone marrow pathologies is unsatisfactory for rs‐EPI compared with ss‐EPI.
Benefits of Cochlear Implantation for Older Adults With Asymmetric Hearing Loss
Authors: Johnson Benjamin R. , Dillon Margaret T. , Thompson Nicholas J. , Richter Margaret E. , Overton Andrea B. , Rooth Meredith A. , Davis Amanda G. , Dedmon Matthew M. , Selleck A. Morgan , Brown Kevin D. 
Published: August 2024

Objective(s)FDA‐approved indications for cochlear implantation include patients with severe‐to‐profound unilateral hearing loss (UHL) or asymmetric hearing loss (AHL); however, these indications are not covered for Medicare beneficiaries. We assessed the outcomes of cochlear implant (CI) use for older adults with UHL or AHL.MethodsEighteen older adults (≥65 years of age at surgery) with UHL/AHL participated in a prospective, longitudinal investigation evaluating outcomes of CI use. Speech recognition for the affected ear was evaluated with consonant‐nucleus‐consonant (CNC) words. Spatial hearing was assessed with measures of sound source localization and sentence recognition in noise. The target sentence was presented from the front and the masker was either co‐located with the target (SoNo), presented toward the affected ear (SoNci) or contralateral ear (SoNcontra). Perceived benefit was assessed with the Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing scale (SSQ) and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI).ResultsParticipants experienced significant improvements with CI use for CNC words (mean [SD]; preop: 8% [10%], 1 yr: 51% [22%], 5 yr: 50% [19%]), masked sentence recognition (SoNcontra preop: 5% [6%], 1 yr: 22% [15%], 5 yr: 41% [14%]), and localization (preop: 76° [18°], 1 yr: 40° [11°], 5 yr: 41° [14°]), and reported significant improvements in hearing abilities (SSQ Spatial Hearing preop: 3 [1], 1 yr: 6 [2], 5 yr: 6 [2]) and tinnitus severity (THI preop: 16 [18], 1 yr: 4 [14], 5 yr: 6 [12]).ConclusionOlder adults with UHL/AHL experience significant improvements in speech recognition, spatial hearing, and subjective perceptions (e.g., hearing abilities and tinnitus severity) with a CI as compared to pre‐operative abilities.Level of EvidenceIV Laryngoscope, 2024