bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Narratives of transition from social to enterprise: you can’t get there from here!
Authors: Seanor Pam , Bull Mike , Baines Sue , Ridley‐Duff Rory 
Published: May 2013

PurposeIn response to calls to critically analyse and conceptually advance social enterprise, the purpose of this paper is to examine narratives and models representing a spectrum of social enterprise from the “social” to the “economic”. The paper tests these against the experience of practitioners who were either employees in social organisations or support workers tasked with promoting social enterprise. This is timely against a background of imperatives from central governments for social organisations to compete for the delivery of public services and become more “entrepreneurial”.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reports qualitative research in which participants were invited to draw lines and arrows onto spectrum models to illustrate the social and economic contexts they perceived themselves to be working within. The data comprise interviews and drawings, combined with verbal descriptions of the drawings and reflections on their significance.FindingsThe paper shows how participants interpreted the “social” and “economic” of social enterprise in pictures and words. The research suggests that social enterprise can not be told as a single narrative but as a set of little stories showing oscillations, contradictions and paradox.Research limitations/implicationsUnderstanding of social enterprise can be much improved by giving greater recognition to ambiguities and compromises within the lived experience of contemporary practice.Originality/valueThe article offers new reflection on widely used images that represent social enterprise along a dichotomous, polar spectrum from social to economic.
The impact of specialist training on professional identity, organisational membership, organisational commitment, and stress in correctional psychologists
Authors: Curtis Ashlee , Day Andrew 
Published: May 2013

PurposeRecent years have seen some significant changes to the psychology profession in Australia that have prompted debate about the role of specialist areas of practice. This study aims to investigate those attitudes and values that might be associated with one particular specialism, that of forensic psychology.Design/methodology/approachThe influence of specialist forensic training on the professional identity of 30 correctional psychologists was examined in relation to their self‐reported level of stress, organisational membership, and organisational commitment.FindingsThe results suggest that exposure to specialist training in forensic psychology may not be directly associated with organisational commitment, membership or stress, although some differences between forensic psychologists and those who held other professional practice qualifications were observed.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitations of the study include the small sample size and the use of a scale that has not been well‐validated. Replication and extension of the study is required.Practical implicationsThe study has implications for the recruitment and retention of psychologists in correctional settings and for the development of professional identity in post‐graduate training programmes.Originality/valueThis study is the first to explore the differences in professional identity, organisational commitment, organisational membership and stress in a sample of psychologists who practice in the correctional setting.
Knowledge protection in knowledge‐intensive business services
Authors: Bolisani Ettore , Paiola Marco , Scarso Enrico 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the issue of knowledge protection in knowledge‐intensive business services (KIBS). In particular, it addresses four research questions: do KIBS firms perceive the necessity to protect their knowledge? If so, do they protect it? What method (or combinations of methods) they typically use? What are the main factors affecting the approaches to knowledge protection adopted by these companies?Design/methodology/approachThe paper illustrates and discusses the findings of a survey of 471 KIBS companies located in the Northeast of Italy and operating in three different sectors: IT Services, Design and Communication, Professional Services.FindingsThe study classifies the types of knowledge protection mechanisms and investigates similarities and differences in knowledge protection between KIBS operating in distinct sectors, having different size, and pursuing different knowledge management strategies.Practical implicationsThe outcomes of the investigation can have some important implications from a managerial viewpoint. In particular, the study provides food for though to both CEOs of KIBS companies regarding the mechanisms of knowledge protection, and to policy makers about the possible public policies that may help companies to protect their competitive knowledge capital without hindering their networks of interaction.Originality/valueThe issue of knowledge protection is relatively new in the literature of KIBS, and findings are quite controversial. In particular, the state‐of‐the‐art research shows that there are some important gaps that the paper tries to fill.
Value relevance of human capital information
Authors: Gamerschlag Ramin 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate if human capital information voluntarily provided by German companies is value‐relevant.Design/methodology/approachBy means of word‐based content analysis, human capital information is extracted from German companies’ annual reports. Subsequently, the value relevance of the disclosed human capital information is analyzed by applying two established valuation models.FindingsThe results show that human capital information is value‐relevant. Especially, information on qualification and competence issues is positively associated with firm value. Nonetheless, the disclosed information does not lead to short‐term changes in market value. Consequently, human capital information is value‐relevant but not immediately.Practical implicationsFirst, companies can improve their valuation on the capital market by disclosing information on their human capital. Second, standard setters can use this paper's results in defining relevant information categories for human capital disclosures. Third, the amount of human capital disclosures is increasing over time.Originality/valueThis study explicitly evaluates the value relevance of the overall (especially nonfinancial) human capital information voluntarily provided in corporate annual reports.
Outsourcing, subcontracting-in and radical innovativeness
Authors: Oke Adegoke , Onwuegbuzie Henrietta 
Published: May 2013

Purpose
– The authors aim to develop and test hypotheses that link outsourcing and subcontracting-in activities of small high-tech firms to their radical innovativeness. In addition, they seek to investigate how a firm's strategy moderates the associations between their outsourcing and subcontracting-in activities and radical innovativeness.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors utilized regression analytical technique and categorical moderation analytical technique to test their hypotheses on survey data of 579 firms.

Findings
– Results show that outsourcing has a positive association with radical innovativeness. In contrast, subcontracting-in shows a negative association with radical innovativeness. Finally, the influence of both outsourcing and subcontracting-in activities on radical innovativeness are contingent upon a firm's manufacturing strategy.

Research limitations/implications
– There are potential limitations relating to the authors' use of secondary data. There is a need to investigate the processes through which outsourcing and subcontracting-in relate to innovation performance.

Practical implications
– An implication of this study is that in order to develop radical innovativeness, firms need to consider their strategic or competitive inclination when evaluating their outsourcing and subcontracting-in decisions and activities.

Social implications
– There are also social implications since outsourcing and subcontracting-in activities involve social relationships.

Originality/value
– Linking boundary spanning activities of firms to innovation performance represents a contribution to the literature. Further, establishing that the effectiveness of such boundary activities depends on a firm's specific manufacturing strategy represents a contribution.
An alternative state-space representation for APVIOBPCS inventory systems
Authors: White A.S. , Censlive M. 
Published: May 2013

Purpose
– Lalwani et al. devised a controllable state-space model for a general APVIOBPCS production and inventory system. However, their procedure did not cater for production delays of other than one time unit. The authors have sought to devise a model that allows for any value of production delay.

Design/methodology/approach
– A discrete z transform model of APVIOBPCS inventory is obtained using conventional algebra and converted to a state-space model using a reachable control formulation. This is then analysed to produce an analytic expression for the eigenvalues and then the general stability solution is derived from the unit circle condition.

Findings
– This model allows a state-space model conversion from a discrete time input-output model using an exponential production delay with no loss of generality and is fully controllable and observable. Stability of these models can be obtained from the system eigenvalues and agrees with the authors' previously published stability boundaries using transform models.

Research limitations/implications
– The system is described by a linear control model of the production process and does not include production limits or other resource limitations. It does not include any past history of sales demand and responses.

Practical implications
– This work allows a model to be implemented in a spreadsheet of APVIOBPCS PIC that can be used for any production delay and can be modified to include different sales smoothing procedures.

Originality/value
– This present model is an extension and improvement of the model devised by Lalwani, in that it allows more accurate modelling of inventory production systems by permitting a more flexible selection of delay parameter values, closer to those of real systems.
Analysis of restructuring a manufacturing system using graph theoretic model
Authors: Singh Varinder , Singru P.M. 
Published: May 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of restructuring in the manufacturing system at the conceptual stage using graph theoretic model.

Design/methodology/approach
– Some restructuring decisions are conceptualized which reflect the aim of the organization to gradually evolve the manufacturing system towards a leaner structure. This is achieved by way of defining simplified procedures so that lesser hindrance in terms of cycles of interactions is encountered. The restructuring decisions are represented by five restructured configurations of the manufacturing system, through gradual removal of appropriate interaction links. The graph theoretic models are developed for original configuration and each of the new restructured configurations and the resulting structural characterization information is used to compare the structure of restructured configurations with the original configuration. The value of the coefficient of dissimilarity of each of the new configurations with respect to the original configuration is obtained to have a quantitative estimate of the simplification that may be achieved by different contemplated restructuring decisions.

Findings
– The present work shows that the restructuring decisions can be represented by different configurations in the form of schematic diagrams involving minor changes in the interaction structure among subsystems of the manufacturing system. The quantitative analysis using coefficient of dissimilarity for restructuring decisions indicated that there are varying levels of impact created by five comparable restructuring decisions considered in the study. The findings have a potential to guide the restructuring efforts by identifying a focus area that can produce greater impact of restructuring.

Research limitations/implications
– The findings are valid for a particular case manufacturing organization which does not involve itself in extensive design activity. The study is based on the assumption that the schematic diagram and graph theoretic model captured all the relevant influencing factors of the manufacturing system.

Practical implications
– The study provides an easy to use methodology for the practical decision makers in manufacturing industry striving to improve the performance of their organization. It can provide the analysis of restructuring decisions at the conceptual stage itself without the necessity of disturbing the normal functioning of the organization. There is a scope for identifying focus areas where the restructuring may yield comparatively greater dividends.

Originality/value
– The study of restructuring by representing it in the form of changes in interactions among subsystems of a manufacturing system and investigation of the impact of such restructuring efforts at the conceptual stage using graph theoretic model has been carried out for the first time.
Servitization of manufacture
Authors: Baines Tim , Lightfoot Howard , Smart Palie , Fletcher Sarah 
Published: May 2013

Purpose
– This “research note” sets out to fuel the debate around the practices and technologies within operations that are critical to success with servitization. It presents a study of four companies which are delivering advanced services and reports on the organisation and skill-sets of people within these.

Design/methodology/approach
– This has been case-based research at four manufacturers leading in their delivery of services.

Findings
– It describes the desirable behaviour of people in the front-line of service delivery, identifies the supporting skill-sets, how these people are organised, and explains why all these factors are so important.

Originality/value
– This paper contributes to the understanding of the servitization process and, in particular, the implications to broader operations of the firm.
School‐business partnerships: the case of the UAE
Authors: Barza Lydia 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the reasons for businesses to partner with schools from the point of view of both stakeholders. Understanding the process by which schools and business entities collaborate with the goal of improving student achievement is important to ensure success and anticipate barriers. Pitfalls and keys to success are outlined. Recommendations for school and business leaders interested in forming partnerships based on lessons learned from the literature are provided.Design/methodology/approachThe paper achieves this aim by reviewing the literature on school‐business partnership formation and assessment.FindingsCharacteristics of successful school‐business partnerships are discussed.Practical implicationsBoth business and education leaders will be able to assess the value and scope of such partnership arrangements and be able to determine if their current or planned endeavours encompass the identified keys to success.Originality/valueThis paper concisely examines the major, practical issues involved for those interested in forming school‐business partnerships and synthesizes the research on program evaluations while placing the issue in the context of current trends in corporate social responsibility programs.
Pastoralism and ecosystem‐based adaptation in Kenyan Masailand
Authors: Osano Philip M. , Said Mohammed Y. , de Leeuw Jan , Moiko Stephen S. , Ole Kaelo Dickson , Schomers Sarah , Birner Regina , Ogutu Joseph O. 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the potential for pastoral communities inhabiting Kenyan Masailand to adapt to climate change using conservancies and payments for ecosystem services.Design/methodology/approachMultiple methods and data sources were used, comprising: a socio‐economic survey of 295 households; informal interviews with pastoralists, conservancy managers, and tourism investors; focus group discussions; a stakeholder workshop. Monthly rainfall data was used to analyse drought frequency and intensity. A framework of the interactions between pastoralists' drought coping and risk mitigation strategies and the conservancy effects was developed, and used to qualitatively assess some interactions across the three study sites. Changes in household livestock holdings and sources of cash income are calculated in relation to the 2008‐09 drought.FindingsThe frequency and intensity of droughts are increasing but are localised across the three study sites. The proportion of households with per capita livestock holdings below the 4.5 TLU poverty vulnerability threshold increased by 34 per cent in Kitengela and 5 per cent in the Mara site, mainly due to the drought in 2008‐2009. Payment for ecosystem services was found to buffer households from fluctuating livestock income, but also generates synergies and/or trade‐offs depending on land use restrictions.Originality/valueThe contribution of conservancies to drought coping and risk mitigation strategies of pastoralists is analyzed as a basis for evaluating the potential for ecosystem‐based adaptation.
Building adaptive capacity in rural Namibia
Authors: David Asella , Braby Justine , Zeidler Juliane , Kandjinga Laudika , Ndokosho Johnson 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThis community based initiative seeks to increase communities’ adaptive capacity through the development of resilient farming practices and improved natural resource management in the face of climate change. Integrating the basic aspects on climate information, the project toolkit had two main objectives; firstly it increases community awareness about climate change risks to farmers and natural resource users, and secondly it aims to build momentum at community levels for innovative adaptation tools as applicable to their environments. These toolkits are applicable to the rural communities, peri‐urban and communities across Namibia.Design/methodology/approachParticipatory rural appraisal methods were used to solicit inputs from the local people during the toolkits development process. Resource mapping, root analysis of climate impacts, and gender mainstreaming were key to this project. A total of 30 community consultations were held in 12 constituencies in all the regions. About 200 people per region were consulted. Their selection was based on their day‐to‐day engagement with community members – these included community activists, farmers, local NGOs as well as governmental civil servants and resource users.FindingsThe main outcomes of the project were the compilation of the climate change toolkits, as well as outreach materials such as a video for training of trainers events on climate change adaptation, posters, and radio talks in the different regions. The toolkits are in the process of being implemented, and there are positive reports from the regions where they have been distributed.Originality/valueThis paper is a synopsis of the experiences from Namibia's climate change adaptation toolkits and offers insights relevant to many other African countries, and how these can be improved to make climate change adaptation work especially in the rural areas.
Attitude toward the website scale development in professional sports: a research note
Authors: Nicholls Jeananne , Schimmel Kurt , Manna Dean , Schnurr Norman , Clinton Steven 
Published: May 2013

PurposeSports’ team websites are the front door to their relationship management programs with teams’ fan bases. As such, consumer attitudes toward these websites are a vital and important measure for the success of a team's CRM program. The purpose of this paper is to present the conceptualization and development of a four‐item unidimensional measure of attitude toward the Website.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected via a pen and paper survey at a professional hockey event in the USA. The confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using generalized structural component analysis GeSCA www.sem‐gesca.org/. The scale's face, convergent, predictive and discriminant validity are all empirically demonstrated via regression and correlation.FindingsThe measure is shown to meet the four criteria for validation for positivist research in information systems set by Straub, Boudreau and Gefen in 2004. The internal consistency is assessed by Cronbach's alpha (0.917) as is the unidimensionality, which was assessed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The study develops a four item measure, attitude toward the website, that addresses both the affective and cognitive components of attitudes. The scale is shown to have predictive and discriminant validity.Research limitations/implicationsData were collected via a convenience sample at one professional sporting event and represents the fan base and the attitude toward that team's website. The significant implication is that it provides researchers with a unidimensional measure of attitude toward the website. The scale is parsimonious and will benefit researchers exploring the impact of attitudes toward websites on a variety of constructs such as brands, sales and site visits.Originality/valueThe paper is important because it provides a new measure of attitude toward the website and because it demonstrates the use of generalized structural component analysis.
Performance based market valuation of cricketers in IPL
Authors: Saikia Hemanta , Bhattacharjee Dibyojyoti , Bhattacharjee Atanu 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify the cricketers who were able to justify their salary by their on‐field performance in the Indian Premier League (IPL).Design/methodology/approachA measure is developed to quantify the batting, bowling and wicket keeping performance of a cricketer into one single index called as the performance index. Based on the performance index of cricketers, from first three seasons of IPL, and using the binomial option pricing model, the neutral present values of the cricketers are determined. The distributional pattern of the present values of cricketers is identified and cricketers are classified based on the level of present values. Similarly, the distributional pattern of the bid prices of cricketers is identified and the cricketers are classified on the level of their bid prices. The cross tabulation of the classified bid prices and classified present values, can be used to identify the cricketers who were able to justify their salaries.FindingsThe study can spell out which players had amplified their bid prices and to what extent by their on‐field performances.Research limitations/implicationsThe performance measure developed in the paper does not consider the fielding skill of the cricketers, as there is no established measure for fielding performance in the game of cricket. Another limitation of the study is that the risk neutral probabilities for the upward and downward states, for the different time periods are assumed to be constant. However, in real life situations these risk neutral probabilities may not be constant for the different time periods.Practical implicationsThe proposed model of performance measurement can also be used in several other professional sports. As the idea of IPL works, on franchisee‐system based of hiring players and transfers, so the same model can be applicable to all such sports like football, rugby, baseball where such system exists. This may be helpful to the franchisee to decide on which players should be considered and who should to be dropped for a given price. The players can also use this model to understand what their market price should be and ensure that they are not underpaid.Originality/valueThe article is the first of its kind and hence original in nature.