bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic Low Back and Left Lower Extremity Pain in an Elderly Woman
Authors: Hayes Ann M. , Place Howard M. 
Published: August 2013

The patient was a 79-year-old woman who presented to her primary care physician with complaints of constant low back and left lower extremity pain that had progressively worsened over the previous 6 months. Given the patient's age, progressively worsening symptoms, and positive neurologic findings, radiographs were ordered, which demonstrated a spondylolisthesis at L4-5 with significant disc space narrowing at L4-5 and L5-S1. Further evaluation through magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated severe central canal, lateral recess, and foraminal stenosis, as well as a posterior disc protrusion, a degenerative forward listhesis, and a left-sided synovial cyst at L4-5. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(9):674. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.0417
Hip Joint Torques During the Golf Swing of Young and Senior Healthy Males
Authors: Foxworth Judy L. , Millar Audrey L. , Long Benjamin L. , Way Michael , Vellucci Matthew W. , Vogler Joshua D. 
Published: August 2013

Study Design Descriptive, laboratory study. Objectives To compare the 3-D hip torques during a golf swing between young and senior healthy male amateur golfers. The secondary purpose was to compare the 3-D hip joint torques between the trail leg and lead leg. Background The generation of hip torques from the hip musculature is an important aspect of the golf swing. Golf is a very popular activity, and estimates of hip torques during the golf swing have not been reported. Methods Twenty healthy male golfers were divided into a young group (mean ± SD age, 25.1 ± 3.1 years) and a senior group (age, 56.9 ± 4.7 years). All subjects completed 10 golf swings using their personal driver. A motion capture system and force plates were used to obtain kinematic and kinetic data. Inverse dynamic analyses were used to calculate 3-D hip joint torques of the trail and lead limbs. Two-way analyses of covariance (group by leg), with club-head velocity as a covariate, were used to compare peak hip torques between groups and limbs. Results Trail-limb hip external rotator torque was significantly greater in the younger group compared to the senior group, and greater in the trail leg versus the lead leg. Conclusion When adjusting for club-head velocity, young and senior healthy male amateur golfers generated comparable hip torques during a golf swing, with the exception of the trail-limb hip external rotator torque. The largest hip torque found was the trail-limb hip extensor torque. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(9):660–665. Epub 25 July 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4417
Reliability and Validity of the Dutch Version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire in Patients After Total Hip Arthroplasty or Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Blikman Tim , Stevens Martin , Bulstra Sjoerd K. , van den Akker-Scheek Inge , Reininga Inge H.F. 
Published: August 2013

Study Design Psychometric assessment. Objectives To determine test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) in patients after total hip arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty. Background Despite recognized benefits of regular physical activity, little is known about the physical activity level of patients after total hip arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty. None of the currently used questionnaires is internationally accepted. The IPAQ tries to address this problem, but its validity and reliability in those who have had a total hip arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty are unknown. Methods Forty-four patients completed the IPAQ (short and long forms) twice. Test-retest reliability was assessed by Spearman correlation coefficients (r) and intraclass correlation coefficients. Additionally, standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change were calculated. Concurrent validity was determined by an accelerometer. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated between IPAQ scores and accelerometer data. Bland-Altman analyses were performed for both reliability and validity. Results Fair to good correlation coefficients were found for test-retest reliability of the total and activity scores (r = 0.49–0.81, intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.27–0.71). Standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change were large. For concurrent validity, weak to moderate correlation coefficients were found for total and activity scores (r = −0.07 to 0.54). Systematic bias was found between the IPAQ and accelerometer data, with higher scores on the IPAQ. Conclusion Overall, the IPAQ showed fair reliability and weak concurrent validity. These results are in line with previous studies of the reliability and validity of the IPAQ. Due to systematic bias and large standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change, the IPAQ may only be suitable for intergroup comparisons. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(9):650–659. Epub 25 July 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4422
A Novel Device Using the Nordic Hamstring Exercise to Assess Eccentric Knee Flexor Strength: A Reliability and Retrospective Injury Study
Authors: Opar David A. , Piatkowski Timothy , Williams Morgan D. , Shield Anthony J. 
Published: August 2013

Study Design Reliability and case-control injury study. Objectives To determine if a novel device designed to measure eccentric knee flexor strength via the Nordic hamstring exercise displays acceptable test-retest reliability; to determine normative values for eccentric knee flexor strength derived from the device in individuals without a history of hamstring strain injury (HSI); and to determine if the device can detect weakness in elite athletes with a previous history of unilateral HSI. Background HSI and reinjury are the most common cause of lost playing time in a number of sports. Eccentric knee flexor weakness is a major modifiable risk factor for future HSI. However, at present, there is a lack of easily accessible equipment to assess eccentric knee flexor strength. Methods Thirty recreationally active males without a history of HSI completed the Nordic hamstring exercise on the device on 2 separate occasions. Intraclass correlation coefficients, typical error, typical error as a coefficient of variation, and minimal detectable change at a 95% confidence level were calculated. Normative strength data were determined using the most reliable measurement. An additional 20 elite athletes with a unilateral history of HSI within the previous 12 months performed the Nordic hamstring exercise on the device to determine if residual eccentric muscle weakness existed in the previously injured limb. Results The device displayed high to moderate reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.83–0.90; typical error, 21.7–27.5 N; typical error as a coefficient of variation, 5.8%–8.5%; minimal detectable change at a 95% confidence level, 60.1–76.2 N). Mean ± SD normative eccentric flexor strength in the uninjured group was 344.7 ± 61.1 N for the left and 361.2 ± 65.1 N for the right side. The previously injured limb was 15% weaker than the contralateral uninjured limb (mean difference, 50.3 N; 95% confidence interval: 25.7, 74.9; P<.01), 15% weaker than the normative left limb (mean difference, 50.0 N; 95% confidence interval: 1.4, 98.5; P = .04), and 18% weaker than the normative right limb (mean difference, 66.5 N; 95% confidence interval: 18.0, 115.1; P<.01). Conclusion The experimental device offers a reliable method to measure eccentric knee flexor strength and strength asymmetry and to detect residual weakness in previously injured elite athletes. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(9):636–640. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4837
Naturalizing Race Relations: Conservation, Colonialism, and Spectacle at the Banff Indian Days
Authors: Clapperton Jonathan 
Published: August 2013

Abstract: The Aboriginal population around Banff National Park was in many ways restricted from its boundaries shortly after its creation. However, Aboriginal people – in particular the Stoney (Nakoda) – would return en masse once a year to participate in the Banff Indian Days. While ethnographic expositions and spectacles have received much attention from social and cultural historians, the Banff Indian Days differ in that they occurred within an atmosphere saturated by an ideology of nature conservation. Drawing on photographs, advertising posters, archival materials, and oral recordings, this article argues that the Banff Indian Days were a physical manifestation of a much broader (indeed ongoing) dialogue, renegotiated and performed annually, between Natives and newcomers over the conditions under which Aboriginal peoples would be included within Canada's burgeoning parks and protected areas. Ultimately, the relationships between Natives and Indian Days organizers, park staff, Banff residents, and spectators resulting from this discussion were ambivalent. For non-Native organizers and spectators, the Indian Days provided a means to show how Natives could be safely, though only temporarily, restored to the park's environ. Enclosing Aboriginal participants within outsider representations and restricting them to supposedly regimented schedules, non-Natives believed Aboriginals posed a threat neither to established social hierarchies nor to the environment. Yet Native participants proved autonomous and unpredictable. They consistently mocked and subverted many of the race, class, and gender boundaries that Indian Days organizers never envisioned them crossing. In doing so, they attempted to expand their role within the national park system specifically and within a settler-colonial society more broadly.
Quebec, Haiti, and the Deportation Crisis of 1974
Authors: Mills Sean 
Published: August 2013

Abstract: Throughout the fall of 1974, the threatened deportation of several hundred Haitians catalysed a major crisis in Quebec society. Rather than quietly accepting their fate, resisting individually by going underground, or heading to another jurisdiction, Haitian migrants brought their story to the larger public through protests and interventions in the mainstream media. In so doing, they mobilized a movement opposing the deportations, precipitating a crisis in Quebec political life during which church groups, trade unions, voluntary associations, civil rights organizations, and artists and intellectuals denounced the strict enforcement of immigration regulations. Partly because of their appeals to the conscience of the population, and partly because of their ability to position themselves as ideal francophone immigrants for modern Quebec, Haitian migrants created a space for themselves in the public sphere in which their voices and perspectives could be heard. Throughout the crisis, they used this space to shift the discussion beyond debates about federal–provincial relations, to introduce new arguments about the interconnected histories of Canada, Quebec, and Haiti. The arguments that they brought forward had an important influence on social movements in Quebec as well as on the province's political culture in general.
No One Becomes a Feminist to Be Appreciated
Authors: Mitchinson Wendy 
Published: August 2013

Abstract: In her memories of her “life in history,” Wendy Mitchinson integrates her private life with that of her work in the academy. As a member of the first major cohort of historians researching Canadian women's history, she relates her years as a student at York University in the late 1960s and early 1970s, the rise of feminism, and the way in which her work on women and becoming a feminist altered people's view of her and her own self-image. It was an exciting period of history, and she acknowledges that life choices open to her had not existed for her mother's generation.
Consecutive five‐year analysis of paternal and maternal gene flow and contributions of gametic heterogeneities to overall genetic composition of dispersed seeds of Pinus densiflora (Pinaceae)
Authors: Iwaizumi Masakazu G. , Takahashi Makoto , Isoda Keiya , Austerlitz Frédéric 
Published: August 2013

• Premise of the study: Genetic variability in monoecious woody plant populations results from the assemblage of individuals issued from asymmetrical male and female reproductive functions, produced during spatially and temporarily heterogeneous reproductive and dispersal events. Here we investigated the dispersal patterns and levels of genetic diversity and differentiation of both paternal and maternal gametes in a natural population of Pinus densiflora at the multiple‐year scale as long as five consecutive years.• Methods: We analyzed the paternity and maternity for 1576 seeds and 454 candidate adult trees using nuclear DNA polymorphisms of diploid biparental embryos and haploid maternal megagametophytes at eight microsatellite loci.• Key results: Despite the low levels of genetic differentiation among gamete groups, a two‐way AMOVA analysis showed that the parental origin (paternal vs. maternal gametes), the year of gamete production and their interaction had significant effects on the genetic composition of the seeds. While maternal gamete groups showed a significant FST value across the 5 years, this was not true for their paternal counterparts. Within the population, we found that the relative reproductive contributions of the paternal vs. the maternal parent differed among adult trees, the maternal contributions showing a larger year‐to‐year fluctuation.• Conclusions: The overall genetic variability of dispersed seeds appeared to result from two sources of heterogeneity: the difference between paternal and maternal patterns of reproduction and gamete dispersal and year‐to‐year heterogeneity of reproduction of adult trees, especially in their maternal reproduction.
Wild‐boar disturbance increases nutrient and C stores of geophytes in subalpine grasslands
Authors: Palacio Sara , Bueno C. Guillermo , Azorín José , Maestro Melchor , Gómez‐García Daniel 
Published: August 2013

•Premise of the study:Wild‐boar soil disturbance (i.e., rooting) increases the abundance of some species of geophytes (i.e., plants with underground renewal buds) in upland meadows. However, the mechanisms that could lead to such enhanced prevalence remain unexplored.•Methods:We analyzed the effects of wild‐boar disturbance on the size, nutrient (N, P, K, C, and total ash), and nonstructural carbohydrate (soluble sugars, starch plus fructans, and total nonstructural carbohydrate) content of the storage organs of five taxa of upland geophytes. Results were explored in relation to the nutrient availability (total N, available P, and K) in the soil.•Key results:Wild‐boar rooting increased the size and the nutrient content of the storage organs of geophytes. Such enhanced storage was further promoted by rooting recurrence and intensity. Although we could not detect a direct impact of rooting on soil nutrient concentrations, plants were clearly N limited and such limitation was ameliorated in areas rooted by wild boar. Furthermore, plant‐soil interactions for N were different in rooted areas, where plant N‐concentrations responded positively to soil N.•Conclusions:Geophytes growing in rooted areas have an increased nutrient value, which may promote the revisit of wild boars to previously rooted areas, with further positive feed‐back effects on plant quality. This plant‐animal interaction may shape upland geophyte communities.
Evolution of limited seed dispersal ability on gypsum islands
Authors: Schenk John J. 
Published: August 2013

• Premise of the Study: Dispersal is a major feature of plant evolution that has many advantages but is not always favored. Wide dispersal, for example, leads to greater seed loss in oceanic‐island endemics, and evolution has favored morphologies that limit dispersal. I tested the hypothesis that selection favored limited dispersal on gypsum islands in western North America, where edaphic communities are sparsely vegetated except for a specialized flora that competes poorly with the surrounding flora.• Methods: I applied a series of comparative phylogenetic approaches to gypsophilic species of Mentzelia section Bartonia (Loasaceae) to investigate the evolution of limited dispersal function in seed wings, which increase primary dispersal by wind. Through these tests, I determined whether narrowed wings were selected for in gypsophilic species.• Key Results: Gypsophily was derived four to seven times. Seed area was not significantly correlated with gypsophily or wing area. Wing area was significantly smaller in the derived gypsum endemics, supporting the hypothesis in favor of limited dispersal function. A model‐fitting approach identified two trait optima in wing area, with gypsum endemics having a lower optimum.• Conclusions: Evolution into novel ecologies influences morphological evolution. Morphological characters have been selected for limited dispersal following evolution onto gypsum islands. Selection for limited dispersal ability has occurred across animals and plants, both in oceanic and terrestrial systems, which suggests that reduced dispersal ability may be a general process: selection favors limited dispersal if the difference in survival between the habitat of the parent and the surrounding area is great enough.
Compétences individuelles et employabilité : essai de clarification de leur articulation
Authors: Loufrani-Fedida Sabrina , Saint-Germes Ève 
Published: August 2013

Si l’employabilité est aujourd’hui reconnue comme un objectif majeur de la gestion des ressources humaines (GRH), son opérationnalisation et son intégration aux pratiques demeure un champ de recherche en construction. La gestion des compétences individuelles est l’un des leviers principaux de cette GRH au service de l’employabilité, mais peu de travaux en sciences de gestion intègrent compétences et employabilité dans leur analyse, et, s’ils le font, ce n’est que depuis peu (Van Der Heijde et al., 2006 ; Wittekind et al., 2010 ; Dietrich, 2010 ; Baruel-Bencherqui et al., 2011 ; De Vos et al., 2011 ; Raoult et al., 2011). Cet article vise à investiguer et clarifier les liens entre ces deux concepts clés en GRH, en proposant des éléments de réponse à la question suivante : Comment s’articulent la gestion des compétences individuelles et l’employabilité ? À partir d’une revue de la littérature sur la gestion des compétences d’une part, l’employabilité d’autre part, puis croisée, nous proposons trois niveaux d’articulation possible. Tout d’abord, l’articulation conceptuelle s’appuie sur le cadre théorique des capacités dynamiques organisationnelles pour faire émerger le « savoir-évoluer » comme une compétence constitutive de l’employabilité. Ensuite, d’un point de vue pratique, l’articulation des compétences individuelles et de l’employabilité passe par les démarches de GPEC, offrant le cadre nécessaire au développement de pratiques adaptées d’évaluation, de formation et de mobilité. Enfin, une articulation critique est proposée à partir d’une discussion de la mise en pratique du partage des responsabilités de la gestion des compétences des individus et de leur employabilité, ainsi que du développement de la communication RH tant du côté employeur que du côté salarié.
De l'entreprise étendue à la « gestion des compétences étendue » : enjeux et pratiques en pôles de compétitivité
Authors: Defélix Christian , Picq Thierry 
Published: August 2013

Depuis notamment Williamson et sa typologie caractérisant l’organisation, le marché et le réseau (1975), la recherche a développé de nombreuses analyses du phénomène de « l’entreprise étendue », au travers des travaux sur les réseaux, les chaînes de valeur ou les organisations virtuelles. Au sein de ces travaux, l’attention s’est portée souvent sur les questions de partage des représentations et des connaissances, d’apprentissage et de coordination, mais plus rarement sur les enjeux de gestion des ressources humaines (GRH). Or, l’entreprise étendue et les collaborations inter-organisationnelles ne se font pas qu’au travers des produits ou des contrats commerciaux : elles supposent également une GRH qui dépasse les frontières de l’organisation, et en particulier une gestion permettant de rassembler des compétences jusqu’ici dispersées au sein d’organisations différentes. Le présent article, basé sur une étude qualitative menée au sein d’une dizaine de pôles de compétitivité français, propose une caractérisation de cette gestion des compétences étendue. Il montre en particulier que si la gestion des compétences est encore une sorte de « point aveugle » dans la littérature sur l’entreprise étendue, il est possible d’en proposer une modélisation, permettant d’examiner en particulier la mise en place d’un modèle en émergence, dit des « compétences distribuées ».
Pour une contribution de la théorie de l'activité au changement organisationnel
Authors: Gilbert Patrick , Raulet-Croset Nathalie , Mourey Damien , Triomphe Christine 
Published: August 2013

L’article porte sur un changement radical, mis en œuvre à partir d’instrumentations locales consacrées à l’amélioration opérationnelle. Pour analyser ce changement, les auteurs ont mobilisé la théorie de l’activité. L’outil n’est rien hors de l’activité ; tel est l’axiome central de cette théorie qui trouve ses origines dans l’œuvre scientifique de Lev Vygotski (1934/1985). Plus précisément le texte s’appuie sur l’approche proposée par Engeström (1987) qui a appliqué les idées de Vygotski à l’étude de la communication au travail et des interactions entre différents systèmes d’activité. L’application de ce cadre d’analyse montre que ce type de changement, ayant une forte composante artefactuelle et culturelle, peut être analysé en considérant l’interaction entre le système d’activité d’« amélioration opérationnelle », qui porte une intention de changement fondée sur des instruments, et le système d’activité managérial. Il apparaît que le changement au sein de l’organisation se produit à travers des apprentissages situés, liés aux tensions entre systèmes d’activité. La recherche met également en avant le rôle central de l’objet du système d’activité, comme pouvant faire le lien entre la nature à la fois locale et globale du changement organisationnel.
L'évolution d'un réseau social dans une réorganisation : « fluctuat nec mergitur »
Authors: Chanson Guillaume , Edouard Serge 
Published: August 2013

Longtemps considérée comme statique, l’analyse des réseaux sociaux tend à s’enrichir en portant davantage sur leur évolution. Dans cette perspective, cette recherche analyse le cas d’une réorganisation (de la structure formelle et de la disposition des bureaux) au sein d’un département d’une SSII française. Cette étude de cas repose sur une collecte de données sur longue période, avant et après la réorganisation, à travers une observation participante et des entretiens. Elle imbrique les évolutions d’organigramme et de réseaux sociaux en tenant compte des statuts hiérarchiques dans l’analyse structurale. Il ressort de l’analyse structurale, d’une part, que le réseau social résiste à cette profonde réorganisation en s’adaptant : il perd ainsi sa connexité, son noyau se rétrécit alors que sa périphérie s’accroît, les sous-groupes de relations réciproques se calent sur les équipes formelles. De l’autre, les positions des acteurs se modifient : alors que les responsables perdent leur position centrale pour se recentrer sur leur équipe, les relations interéquipes sont maintenues par les développeurs.