bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MONITOREO APLICADO A LA ELABORACIÓN DE UN PLAN DE CONSERVACIÓN DE Calycophyllum candidissimum EN FRAGMENTOS DE BOSQUE SECO DEL SUROESTE DE NICARAGUA
Authors: Noguera-Talavera Álvaro , Gonzalez-Rivas Benigno , Castro-Marín Guillermo 
Published: August 2012

La fragmentación de bosques por actividades antropogenicas ha generado cambios drásticos en las características poblacionales de algunas especies, hasta el punto de presentar altos niveles de amenaza en ciertas localidades. A partir de la elaboración y análisis de una línea base de monitoreo se propone la implementación en la zona Sur de un plan de conservación de la especie Calycophyllum candidissimum. La línea base está constituida por información de parámetros poblacionales de la especie; elementos que forman parte de tres criterios y 12 indicadores definidos para la ejecución de un monitoreo efectivo y a largo plazo que enriquezca los elementos del plan de conservación. Los resultados del monitoreo sugieren baja densidad de la especie en fragmentos de 0.5 a 10 hectáreas. La relación entre mortalidad y reclutamiento muestra pérdida progresiva de los individuos en las poblaciones monitoreadas; aun cuando datos de regeneración natural indican un cambio positivo en la densidad en un periodo de tres años. La propuesta de plan de conservación está constituida por cuatro estrategias que reflejan la necesidad de completar monitoreo, la protección del hábitat, y el restablecimiento de la población de Calycophyllum candidissimum; además de un modelo que define buenas prácticas de manejo y conservación de la especie; y establece actividades puntuales para operativizar la estrategia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/calera.v11i17.777 La Calera Vol.11 No.17, p.48-54
Au commencement était le récit1
Authors: Clément Bruno 
Published: August 2012

Mon propos consiste ici à envisager les tenants et aboutissants d’une hypothèse aux termes de laquelle la pensée et tous les discours qui s’en réclament (dont la philosophie) résulteraient de la scission originaire d’avec le récit. Récit qui, selon l’hypothèse de Vernant, abritait en son sein à une époque mythique (présocratique) non seulement l’histoire des dieux et des héros mais les ingrédients nécessaires à l’élaboration d’un discours scientifique et même philosophique. Cette hypothèse comporte deux faces que j’examine successivement : d’abord la trame du récit est un composé indistinct de pensée et de narration ; ensuite, et surtout, la pensée conserve toujours la trace, plus ou moins visible, de cette origine narrative. Se pose alors la question de savoir si cette dette consubstantielle est de quelque conséquence sur la nature et la pertinence de ses propositions.
Roland Barthes enquête : La chambre claire ou la mélancolie policière
Authors: Létourneau Sophie 
Published: August 2012

Quand Roland Barthes entreprend le manuscrit de La chambre claire le 15 avril 1979, il s’efforçait de résoudre trois problèmes qui l’occupaient depuis quelques années : 1) problème esthétique : qu’est-ce que la photographie représente ? 2) problème poétique : comment passer à l’écriture romanesque ? et 3) problème éthique : comment rendre hommage à sa mère dont il était toujours en deuil ? Le propos de cet article est de montrer que Roland Barthes a trouvé dans le roman policier, dans ses codes narratifs et sa temporalité, une solution (ne serait-ce que formelle) à ces trois obsessions.
Moby-Dick de Herman Melville : de l’allégorie de la caverne à l’allégorie de la baleine
Authors: Duhamel André 
Published: August 2012

Moby-Dickest selon Melville une quête de la vérité, qu’il réalise dans un roman marqué par le mélange des genres. Comment cette ambition et ce mode d’écriture sont-ils liés ? En examinant les références philosophiques internes à l’oeuvre, nous chercherons à montrer que son caractère allégorique se comprend au mieux en regard de la relation ambiguë qu’entretient Melville avec l’idéalisme. Nous discuterons à cet effet la thèse de M. Levin (1979) selon laquelleMoby-Dickrenverse l’allégorie platonicienne de la caverne, thèse que nous compléterons en faisant appel à la figure du « monde inversé » dans la Phénoménologie de l’Espritde Hegel.
Durable Regression of Primary Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma following Fever-inducing Mistletoe Treatment: Two Case Reports
Authors: Orange Maurice , Lace Aija , Fonseca Maria P. , Von Laue Broder H. , Geider Stefan , Kienle Gunver S. 
Published: August 2012

Background: Mistletoe is a complementary cancer treatment that is widely used, usually in addition to and alongside recommended conventional cancer therapy. However, little is known about its use, effectiveness, and safety in the treatment of cutaneous lymphoma. Case Report: Two patients with primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (pT2bcNxM0 follicle center and pT2ac-NxM0 marginal zone) either declined or postponed recommended conventional treatment and received highdose, fever-inducing mistletoe treatment; a combination of intratumoral, subcutaneous, and intravenous application was given; and one patient also underwent whole-body hyperthermia. The lymphoma regressed over a period of 12 and 8 months, respectively, and after administration of a cumulative dose of 12.98 g and 4.63 g mistletoe extract, respectively. The patients are in remission to date, 3.5 years after commencement of treatment. Neither patient received conventional cancer treatment during the entire observation period.
Large‐Scale Nano Piezo Force Position Arrays as Ultrahigh‐Resolution Micro‐ and Nanoparticle Tracker
Authors: Subannajui Kittitat , Menzel Andreas , Güder Firat , Yang Yang , Schumann Katrin , Lu Xiaoli , Zacharias Margit 
Published: August 2012

AbstractDefining the position of an object on a planar substrate by force sensors is a common technology nowadays. Many products are commercialized worldwide, which make use of force sensors, especially, for instance, touchpads. Here advanced lithography processes together with piezoelectric materials are demonstrated to fabricate an extremely high resolution force sensor. The approach combines a large array of nanoscale piezoelectric lines fabricated on Si wafer by phase‐shift lithography and atomic‐layer‐deposition‐based spacer lithography techniques. These key lithography methods are utilized to fabricate ultralong (cm range) nanolines on the wafer scale. ZnO and P(VDF‐TrFE) are selected here as materials for piezoelectric signal generators. The detection mechanisms are explained and simulations combined with experimental data are demonstrated to prove the concept. The signal generated when an object approaches one single line is in the nanoampere range. The result enables a new and simple path for a device fabrication, which defines the position with micro‐ and nanometer resolution and can be used, for example, as micro‐ and nanoparticle trackers.
Bifurcated Polarization Rotation in Bismuth‐Based Piezoelectrics
Authors: Keeble Dean S. , Barney Emma R. , Keen David A. , Tucker Matthew G. , Kreisel Jens , Thomas Pam A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractABO3 perovskite‐type solid solutions display a large variety of structural and physical properties, which can be tuned by chemical composition or external parameters such as temperature, pressure, strain, electric, or magnetic fields. Some solid solutions show remarkably enhanced physical properties including colossal magnetoresistance or giant piezoelectricity. It has been recognized that structural distortions, competing on the local level, are key to understanding and tuning these remarkable properties, yet, it remains a challenge to experimentally observe such local structural details. Here, from neutron pair‐distribution analysis, a temperature‐dependent 3D atomic‐level model of the lead‐free piezoelectric perovskite Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (NBT) is reported. The statistical analysis of this model shows how local distortions compete, how this competition develops with temperature, and, in particular, how different polar displacements of Bi3+ cations coexist as a bifurcated polarization, highlighting the interest of Bi‐based materials in the search for new lead‐free piezoelectrics.
Multifunctional Upconversion Nanoparticles for Dual‐Modal Imaging‐Guided Stem Cell Therapy under Remote Magnetic Control
Authors: Cheng Liang , Wang Chao , Ma Xinxing , Wang Qinglong , Cheng Yao , Wang Han , Li Yonggang , Liu Zhuang 
Published: August 2012

AbstractStem cells have generated a great deal of excitement in cell‐based therapies. Here, a unique class of multifunctional nanoparticles (MFNPs) with both upconversion luminescence (UCL) and superparamagnetic properties is used for stem cell research. It is discovered that after being labeled with MFNPs, mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) are able to maintain their viability and differentiation ability. In vivo UCL imaging of MFNP‐labeled mMSCs transplanted into animals is carried out, achieving ultrahigh tracking sensitivity with a detection limit as low as ≈10 cells in a mouse. Using both UCL optical and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging approaches, MFNP‐labeled mMSCs are tracked after being intraperitoneally injected into wound‐bearing mice under a magnetic field. The translocation of mMSCs from the injection site to the wound nearby the magnet is observed and, intriguingly, a remarkably improved tissue repair effect is observed as the result of magnetically induced accumulation of stem cells in the wound site. The results demonstrate the use MFNPs as novel multifunctional probes for labeling, in vivo tracking, and manipulation of stem cells, which is promising for imaging guided cell therapies and tissue engineering.
The Copper‐Catalyzed C‐3‐Formylation of Indole CH Bonds using Tertiary Amines and Molecular Oxygen
Authors: Chen Jianbin , Liu Bin , Liu Dongfang , Liu Shan , Cheng Jiang 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA copper‐catalyzed formylation reaction has been developed by employing oxygen (O2) as the clean oxidant. The CH bonds of indoles were C‐3‐formylated by tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) and water (H2O; in situ formed and external added water) as the carbonyl source in moderate to good yields with good functional group tolerance. Thus, it represents a facile procedure leading to 3‐formylindoles.
Direct Catalytic Formation of Primary and Tertiary Amides from Non‐Activated Carboxylic Acids, Employing Carbamates as Amine Source
Authors: Tinnis Fredrik , Lundberg Helena , Adolfsson Hans 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe operationally simple titanium(IV)‐ or zirconium(IV)‐catalyzed direct amidation of non‐activated carboxylic acids with ammonium carbamates generates primary, and tertiary N,N‐dimethyl‐substituted amides in good to excellent yields.
Salt‐Controlled Selectivity in “on Water” and “in Water” Passerini‐Type Multicomponent Reactions
Authors: Sela Tal , Vigalok Arkadi 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe have demonstrated that simple sodium salts can completely reverse the product ratios of the Passerini reaction in aqueous media. Furthermore, the use of the “salting‐in” salt and a small excess of the nucleophile gives significantly higher yields than the use of the saturated solution of the nucleophile alone.
Factors Governing Intercalation of Fullerenes and Other Small Molecules Between the Side Chains of Semiconducting Polymers Used in Solar Cells
Authors: Cates Nichole , Cho Eunkyung , Gysel Roman , Risko Chad , Coropceanu Veaceslav , Miller Chad E. , Sweetnam Sean , Sellinger Alan , Heeney Martin , McCulloch Iain , Brédas Jean‐Luc , Toney Michael F. , McGehee Michael D. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWhile recent reports have established significant miscibility in polymer:fullerene blends used in organic solar cells, little is actually known about why polymers and fullerenes mix and how their mixing can be controlled. Here, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and molecular simulations are used to study mixing in a variety of polymer:molecule blends by systematically varying the polymer and small‐molecule properties. It is found that a variety of polymer:fullerene blends mix by forming bimolecular crystals provided there is sufficient space between the polymer side chains to accommodate a fullerene. Polymer:tetrafluoro‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4‐TCNQ) bimolecular crystals were also observed, although bimolecular crystals did not form in the other studied polymer:non‐fullerene blends, including those with both conjugated and non‐conjugated small molecules. DSC and molecular simulations demonstrate that strong polymer–fullerene interactions can exist, and the calculations point to van der Waals interactions as a significant driving force for molecular mixing.
Comparison of baseline free testosterone and cortisol concentrations between elite and non‐elite female athletes
Authors: Cook Christian J. , Crewther Blair T. , Smith Alan A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectives:To compare the baseline free testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) concentrations of elite and non‐elite female athletes.Methods:Eighteen females from different sports (track and field, netball, cycling, swimming, bob skeleton) were monitored over a 12‐week period. Baseline measures of salivary free T and C concentrations were taken weekly prior to any training. The elites (n = 9) and non‐elites (n = 9) were classified as international and national level competitors, respectively, with both groups matched by sport.Results:The pooled free T concentrations of the elites (87 pg/ml) were significantly higher than the non‐elites (41 pg/ml) and consistently so across all weekly time points (P < 0.001). Pooled free C concentrations were also greater in the elite group (2.90 ng/ml) than the non‐elites (2.32 ng/ml) (P < 0.01).Conclusions:The pooled baseline T and C measures were higher in elite female athletes than non‐elites. Higher free T and C concentrations could indicate a greater capacity for physical performance at higher work rates, which is commensurate with the demands of elite sport. Speculatively, the T differences observed could influence female behavior and thereby help to regulate sporting potential. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Age at menarche and parity are independently associated with Anti‐Müllerian hormone, a marker of ovarian reserve, in filipino young adult women
Authors: Bragg Jared M. , Kuzawa Christopher W. , Agustin Sonny S. , Banerjee Monisha N. , Mcdade Thomas W. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectives:Despite ample evidence of variation in timing of menopause, little is known about the extent or underlying causes of individual variation in ovarian reserve and age‐related follicular decline. Anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH), a hormonal marker of ovarian reserve, may be a useful tool to clarify these questions. We describe AMH in a cohort of Filipino young adult women, and evaluate whether ovarian reserve in early adulthood relates to measures of life history scheduling (menarcheal age) and reproductive effort (parity).Methods:Data and samples are obtained from 294 nonpregnant participants (21.5 years ± 0.3) in the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey. Plasma AMH was assayed using an enzyme immunoassay and relationships between AMH, menarcheal age, and parity were examined.Results:Mean AMH was 4.3 ng/mL. In multiple regression models, women who experienced menarche earlier had significantly higher AMH as young adults (P < 0.05). Women with two (P < 0.05) and three or more (P < 0.01) children had significantly lower AMH than those with no children. These associations were independent of age, smoking, and body mass index.Conclusions:These findings suggest that individual variation in life history scheduling and reproductive history could contribute to variation in ovarian reserve. Moreover, they demonstrate the utility of AMH as a tool for human reproductive ecology, and highlight the need for further research clarifying the extent of human population variation in ovarian reserve and the behavioral and ecological influences underlying this variation. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Expression pattern of the transforming growth factor β signaling genes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after exercise—inflammatory aspects
Authors: Kimsa Magdalena , Strzalka‐Mrozik Barbara , Kimsa Malgorzata , Gola Joanna , Kochanska‐Dziurowicz Aleksandra , Zebrowska Aleksandra , Janikowska Grazyna , Mazurek Urszula , Jonczyk Szymon 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjective:The present study has focused on the identification of differences between the expression pattern of TGF‐β signaling pathway genes in athletes after exercise.Materials and methods:The study group consisted of three healthy cyclists, which were collected pre‐exercise, immediately postexercise, and after 15 min of recovery. The analysis of the expression profile of genes related to the TGF‐β signal transduction pathway was performed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using HG‐U133A oligonucleotide microarrays.Results:A significant differential gene expression was recorded for RUNX3, TGFBR3, MLC1, and GRB2.Conclusions:The effect of physical exercise on immune response may be essential for human health. Moreover, alterations of TGF‐β signaling can be involved in the process of adaptation of human organism to physical exertion. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Infant growth and the thymus: Data from two South American native societies
Authors: Veile Amanda , Winking Jeffrey , Gurven Michael , Greaves Russell D. , Kramer Karen L. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe thymus plays an important role in the development of the immune system, yet little is known about the patterns and sources of variation in postnatal thymic development. The aim of this study is to contribute cross‐cultural data on thymus size in infants from two South American native populations, the Tsimane of Bolivia and the Pumé of Venezuela. Thymic ultrasonography was performed and standard anthropometric measures collected from 86 Tsimane and Pumé infants. Patterns of infant growth and thymus size were compared between the two populations and the relationship between nutritional status and thymus size was assessed. Despite nearly identical anthropometric trajectories, Tsimane infants had larger thymuses than Pumé infants at all ages. Population, infant age, and infant mid‐upper arm circumference were significant predictors of thymus area in the Tsimane and Pumé infants. This finding reveals a cross‐cultural difference in thymus size that is not driven by nutritional status. We suggest that future studies focus on isolating prenatal and postnatal environmental factors underlying cross‐cultural variation in thymic development. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Meta‐analysis argues for a female‐specific role of MAOA‐uVNTR in panic disorder in four European populations
Authors: Reif Andreas , Weber Heike , Domschke Katharina , Klauke Benedikt , Baumann Christian , Jacob Christian P. , Ströhle Andreas , Gerlach Alexander L. , Alpers Georg W. , Pauli Paul , Hamm Alfons , Kircher Tilo , Arolt Volker , Wittchen Hans‐Ulrich , Binder Elisabeth B. , Erhardt Angelika , Deckert Jürgen 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPanic disorder (PD) is a common mental disorder, ranking highest among the anxiety disorders in terms of disease burden. The pathogenesis of PD is multifactorial with significant heritability, however only a few convincing risk genes have been reported thus far. One of the most promising candidates is the gene encoding monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), due to its key role in monoaminergic neurotransmission, established validity of animal models, and the efficacy of MAO inhibitors in the treatment of PD. A promoter repeat polymorphism in MAOA (MAOA‐uVNTR) impacts on gene expression; high‐expression alleles have been reported to increase the risk for PD. To further scrutinize the role of this polymorphism, we performed a formal meta‐analysis on MAOA‐uVNTR and PD using original data from four published European (Estonian, German, Italian, and Polish) samples and genotypes from three hitherto unpublished German PD samples, resulting in the largest (n = 1,115 patients and n = 1,260 controls) genetic study on PD reported to date. In the unpublished samples, evidence for association of MAOA‐uVNTR with PD was obtained in one of the three samples. Results of the meta‐analysis revealed a significant and female‐specific association when calculating an allelic model (OR = 1.23, P = 0.006). This sex‐specific effect might be explained by a gene‐dose effect causing higher MAOA expression in females. Taken together, our meta‐analysis therefore argues that high‐expression MAOA‐uVNTR alleles significantly increase the risk towards PD in women. However, epigenetic mechanisms might obfuscate the genetic association, calling for ascertainment in larger samples as well as assessment of the MAOA promoter methylation status therein. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor gene Val66Met polymorphism and cognitive function in obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Tükel Raşit , Gürvit Hakan , Özata Berna , Öztürk Nalan , Ertekin Banu A. , Ertekin Erhan , Baran Bengi , Kalem Şükriye A. , Büyükgök Deniz , Direskeneli Güher S. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn the present study, we have tested the hypothesis that brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene Val66Met polymorphism is associated with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and also investigated the association between the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and the performance on tests measuring executive functions in a sample of patients with OCD. A total of 100 patients diagnosed with OCD according to DSM‐IV criteria and 110 control subjects were included in this study. Single nucleotide polymorphism (G/A) leading to Val to Met substitution at codon 66 in BDNF was screened in the DNA samples of all participants. The genotype frequencies of BDNF Val66Met polymorphism were compared in OCD patients and healthy controls. The four subgroups of OCD and healthy control subjects, determined according to being Val homozygous or carrying a Met allele, were also compared according to their performance in a battery of neuropsychological tests of executive functions and verbal memory. There was no significant difference for the allele and genotype distributions of BDNF Val66Met polymorphism between the OCD and healthy control groups. Compared to the other three subgroups, OCD‐Met carriers were slower on Trail‐Making Test part A (TMT A), part B (TMT B) score and its speed‐corrected score (TMT B‐A). OCD‐Met carriers had also poor performance on verbal fluency tasks and several CVLT measures compared only to the healthy control‐Met carriers. These results demonstrate that the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism does not appear to be a risk factor for OCD. However, the presence of a BDNF Met allele, which is a known attenuator of BDNF activity, may be associated with a poorer executive functioning in OCD. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Detecting anxiety symptoms in children and youths with neurofibromatosis type I
Authors: Pasini Augusto , Lo‐Castro Adriana , Di Carlo Loredana , Pitzianti Mariabernarda , Siracusano Martina , Rosa Caterina , Galasso Cinzia 
Published: August 2012

AbstractChildren with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) are known to have cognitive, social, and behavioral deficits. Fifteen NF1‐subjects (5 boys, 10 girls, mean age = 13.4), and 15 healthy controls matched for age and sex were assessed on the presence of anxiety symptoms, using the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC), self‐report questionnaire. Significant group differences emerged with regard to MASC total (Z = −2.058, P = 0.041) and anxiety disorder index (ADI; Z = −2.202, P = 0.026), but not with regard to single scales. When the severity and visibility of NF1 were considered, correlation between severity and social anxiety, and severity and MASC total was found. This is the first study assessing anxiety symptoms in NF1 children and youths. A precocious psychological survey and intervention in NF1 subjects, may contribute to reduce the risk of psychiatric disorders in adulthood. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.