bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of granular fertilisers produced from industrial and municipal wastes on the crop yield and their content of macroelements
Authors: Krzywy Edward , Możdżer Ewa , Bakenowa Żenisgul 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Four granular fertilisers were produced from industrial waste products, such as CaSO4 ∙ 2H2O and FeSO4 ∙ 7H2O, coniferous and deciduous sawdust mixture and municipal sewage sludge with addition of mineral fertilisers. Based on the content of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and heavy metals, these granular fertilisers can be included into the group of organic-mineral fertilisers. In order to determine their manurial value, a vegetation experiment was carried out with these granular fertilisers in which spring rape and spring triticale were the test plants. The study results show that granular fertilisers increased signifi cantly the yields of test plants and their content of macroelements. The granular fertilisers containing FeSO4 ∙ 7H2O increased signifi cantly the yields of test plants and the contents of macroelements when compared to those with CaSO4 ∙ 2H2O. As affected by the granular fertilisers containing CaSO4 ∙ 2H2O, there was more phosphorus, calcium and sulphur in the test plants. The granular fertilisers composed of the waste products mentioned above can be a cheap source of organic matter and nutrients for plants and may reduce possibility of environmental contamination.
Bullying and exclusion from dominant peer group in Polish middle schools.
Authors: Wójcik Małgorzata , Kozak Beata 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
School bullying also referred to as peer victimization is considered extremely harmful for all parties involved. It has been recognised as an important issue in Polish schools. This article presents the first stage of a project financed by the National Centre of Research and Development and includes the results of qualitative research conducted in groups of middle-school students, middle-school teachers and psychologists. The results highlight several factors leading to the exclusion from the dominant peer group. The results also indicate that although students are aware of the consequences of bullying and excluding behaviours, they do not implement this knowledge when explaining their own excluding actions. All results are discussed in terms of designing and implementing a data-based programme which would effectively mitigate excluding behaviours during middle-school transition.
Decisional procrastination of school-to-work transition: Personality correlates of career indecision
Authors: Bańka Augustyn , Hauziński Aleksander 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Procrastination as putting off until tomorrow what one had intended to do today is well-known tendency in everyday life. In an attempt to understand the character of procrastination in different life-domains, a large body of research has been accumulated over the last decades. This article was aimed to evaluate a specific decisional procrastination of school-to-work transition (SWT) that is treated as maturity postponement. Two studies are reported examining SWT procrastination defined as career indecision among Polish students graduating universities. In Study 1 (N=366), attitudinal and identity statuses were analyzed as correlates of career procrastination. A path analysis conducted for the model, which was aimed to explain the influence of career self-efficacy and occupational commitment on career indecision (dependent variable), revealed its very good fitness (RMSEA=.000). Those two independent variables explain 10% of career indecision variance. Stepwise multiple regression analyses conducted to ascertain relationship of five identity statuses (Brzezińska, Piotrowski, 2010) to procrastination measure (career indecision) showed that Commitment Making and Ruminative Exploration are strongest predictor variables. In study 2 (N=157), the stepwise multiple regression analyses conducted to ascertain the independent relationship of each of Big Five personality factor revealed that Neuroticism and Extraversion accounts of the most of explained variance of school-to-work transition procrastination.
Family cohesion and the loneliness of adolescents from temporarily disconnected families due to economic migration
Authors: Dołęga Zofia 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The paper reports the results of a comparative analysis of the two groups students coming from temporarily disconnected families due to foreign work parents (TDF, n = 68; male = 30, female = 38) and teenagers with the same social environment (NDF, n = 179, male = 89, female = 90), but without the experience of separation time (N= 247). The subject of the analysis was: the cohesion of a family from the perspective of the evaluated adolescent and three factors of psychological loneliness: social loneliness (sense of social marginalization and isolation), emotional loneliness (solitude) and existential loneliness (sense of self-alienation). The Loneliness Scale (SBS) was used based on an original concept of multidimensional sense of loneliness. The questionnaire for the survey of family cohesion (KSR) were used too. The age (12-14 and 15-17), gender, family structure and the family lifestyle were controlled. Obtained results revealed significantly lower cohesion and significantly higher existential loneliness in group of teenagers from temporarily disconnected families (TDF). Not confirmed the supposition that made in earlier studies of temporarily disconnected families due to economic migration, that these teenagers suffer from a sense of emotional loneliness There has also confirmed the belief that the level of family cohesion and a sense of loneliness in adolescents is associated with atypical organization of family life associated with the duration of migration of parent/parents, frequency of contact with family members working abroad: mothers, fathers or broth parents, the duration of stays at home
Social-cognitive variables as predictors of intention to undergo breast reconstruction
Authors: Życińska Jolanta 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the role of self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and risk perception (including consequences of mastectomy) in formulating the intention to undergo breast reconstruction in 178 women after total mastectomy. The social-cognitive variables were measured in the context of breast reconstruction, while depression was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory. The structural equation modeling revealed that among the predictors there were only two that accounted for the intention to undergo breast reconstruction, i.e. self-efficacy and outcome expectancies (R2 = .67). Subsequent analyses of the related moderators, i.e. depression, age, and duration of the disease indicated a good fit to the data. Nevertheless, in subgroups with poorer resources (older age, depression, and longer duration of the disease) the direct effects of self-efficacy on intention were less noticeable or non-existent. The results suggest that self-efficacy may play the regulating role in making a breast reconstruction decision if individual resources are taken into account.
„Workaholism“ does not always mean workaholism...? - about the controversial nomenclature in the research on work addiction
Authors: Wojdyło Kamila 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This article attempts to point out the main problem in research on workaholism, namely over-use of the term workaholism when describing symptoms or constructs which are not related to work addiction. Workaholism has one, negative pathological/dysfunctional form and can be differentiated from the healthy forms of over-engagement (e.g. work enthusiasm). Based on the analysis of one example of research results, this article explains that the nomenclature of „workaholic“ is not applicable to the case of over-engaged employees with healthy symptoms (e.g. high work involvement and work enjoyment and high or low satisfaction with life situation). The second aim of the article is to argue that the invalid conceptualisation and measurement of workaholism can result in conclusions which do not really regard work addiction.
Resources for Indonesian Sentiment Analysis
Authors:   Franky, Bojar Ondřej , Veselovská Kateřina 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
In this work, we present subjectivity lexicons of positive and negative expressions for Indonesian language created by automatically translating English lexicons. Other variations are created by intersecting or unioning them. We compare the lexicons in the task of predicting sentence polarity on a set of 446 manually annotated sentences and we also contrast the generic lexicons with a small lexicon extracted directly from the annotated sentences (in a cross-validation setting). We seek for further improvements by assigning weights to lexicon entries and by wrapping the prediction into a machine learning task with a small number of additional features. We observe that lexicons are able to reach high recall but suffer from low precision when predicting whether a sentence is evaluative (positive or negative) or not (neutral). Weighting the lexicons can improve either the recall or the precision but with a comparable decrease in the other measure.
Evaluating Machine Translation Quality Using Short Segments Annotations
Authors: Macháček Matouš , Bojar Ondřej 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
We propose a manual evaluation method for machine translation (MT), in which annotators rank only translations of short segments instead of whole sentences. This results in an easier and more efficient annotation. We have conducted an annotation experiment and evaluated a set of MT systems using this method. The obtained results are very close to the official WMT14 evaluation results. We also use the collected database of annotations to automatically evaluate new, unseen systems and to tune parameters of a statistical machine translation system. The evaluation of unseen systems, however, does not work and we analyze the reasons
A Python-based Interface for Wide Coverage Lexicalized Tree-adjoining Grammars
Authors: Wang Ziqi , Zhang Haotian , Sarkar Anoop 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This paper describes the design and implementation of a Python-based interface for wide coverage Lexicalized Tree-adjoining Grammars. The grammars are part of the XTAG Grammar project at the University of Pennsylvania, which were hand-written and semi-automatically curated to parse real-world corpora. We provide an interface to the wide coverage English and Korean XTAG grammars. Each XTAG grammar is lexicalized, which means at least one word selects a tree fragment (called an elementary tree or etree). Derivations for sentences are built by combining etrees using substitution (replacement of a tree node with an etree at the frontier of another etree) and adjunction (replacement of an internal tree node in an etree by another etree). Each etree is associated with a feature structure representing constraints on substitution and adjunction. Feature structures are combined using unification during the combination of etrees. We plan to integrate our toolkit for XTAG grammars into the Python-based Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK: nltk.org). We have provided an API capable of searching the lexicalized etrees for a given word or multiple words, searching for a etree by name or function, display the lexicalized etrees to the user using a graphical view, display the feature structure associated with each tree node in an etree, hide or highlight features based on a regular expression, and browsing the entire tree database for each XTAG grammar.
Novel insights in folate receptors and transporters: implications for disease and treatment of immune diseases and cancer
Authors: Jansen Gerrit , Peters Godefridus J. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Folate receptors and transporters as well as folate enzymes play an essential role in human disease and form important targets for the treatment of immune diseases and cancer. To discuss new developments in this area, every 2 years a multidisciplinary meeting is held, which aims to be an informal forum for fundamental scientists and clinicians. During this meeting, the regulation of folate transporters and folate enzymes is discussed at the level of expression, transcription, translation, post-translational modification, and splicing and enzyme regulation. Importantly, this knowledge is applied and translated into exciting clinical applications by clinicians with various backgrounds, such as surgeons, nephrologists, rheumatologists and oncologists. Moreover, the meeting provides an excellent forum for a scientific interaction between academia and industry.
Hydroclimatic and Geological Conditions of the Variability of Fluvial Transport Rate in the Upper Part of the Wieprz River Catchment
Authors: Świeca Andrzej , Kociuba Waldemar , Brzezińska-Wójcik Teresa 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The article summarises the results of observations conducted in the periods 1989-1992, 1998-2000, and 2001- 2003 in the catchment of the Roztocze section of the Wieprz River with an area of 404 km2. The presented results of the study on fluvial transport document the response of an upland river to variable hydro-climatic conditions. Fluvial transport rate in periods extreme in hydrological terms was compared. In the conditions of low water stages (1989- 1992) and mean annual discharges lower than the mean multiannual by 19%, the Wieprz River discharged an average of 13300 tonnes of solutions and 485 tonnes of suspensions annually. The unitary indices amounted to 32.7 and 1.2 t/ km2/year, respectively. In the years 1998-2000, in the conditions of high water stages and mean annual discharges higher than the multiannual by 41%, the Wieprz River discharged approximately 22,800 tonnes of solutions and 981 tonnes of suspensions annually. The unitary indices increased proportionately to 56.2 t/km2/year and 2.4 t/km2/year, respectively. In the years 2001-2003, in the conditions of variable water stages and discharges higher than the multiannual by 12%, the Wieprz River discharged an average of approximately 17,500 tonnes of solutions and 441 tonnes of suspensions annually. The unitary indices reached the values of 43.3 t/km2/year and 1.1 t/km2/year, respectively.
Precipitation of the Mediterranean Origin in Poland – Its Seasonal and Long-Term Variability
Authors: Degirmendžić Jan , Kożuchowski Krzysztof 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The article presents the results of the analysis of precipitation in Poland associated with cyclones moving from the Mediterranean Sea to East-Central Europe (Mediterranean Cyclonal Precipitation - MCP). The MCP accounts for about 10% of the total amount of precipitation in Poland. Average daily sum of MCP constitutes approximately 150% of daily amount of all precipitation in Poland. The MCP amount reaches its maxima at the end of April and in the mid-August. The highest MCP occurs in the Carpathians and the Sudetes as well as over stripes of land extending northward and covering the central-western and eastern parts of the country. In the years 1958-2008, the mean annual MCP was characterized by a significant decreasing trend - the MCP sum reduced by 29 mm, i.e. ca. 42% of its multiannual value.
The River Systems in Small Catchments in the Context of the Horton’s and Schumm’s Laws – Implication for Hydrological Modelling. The Case Study of the Polish Carpathians
Authors: Bryndal Tomasz 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
In ungauged catchments, flood hydrographs are usually simulated/reconstructed by simple rainfall-runoff and routing models. Horton’s and Schumm’s ratios serve as the input data for many of these models. In this paper, more than 800 Carpathian catchments (up to 35.2 km2 in area) were investigated in context of the “Horton’s and Schumm’s laws”. Results reveal that the “law of stream number” and “law of stream areas” are fulfilled in almost all catchments. The mean that values of the bifurcation ratio (RB) and the area ratio (RA) reach 3.8 and 4.8, respectively, and are thus comparable to values reported in other regions of the world. However, the “law of stream lengths” is not fulfilled in more than half of the catchments, which is not consistent with many theoretical studies reported in the literature. Only 383 (48%) catchments fulfill the “law of stream length”, with the mean value of the length ratio (RL)=2.3. There was no relationship found between the geological/geomorphological settings that influence river system development and the spatial distribution of catchments where the “law of stream length” was or was not was fulfilled. A similar conclusion was reached for the spatial distribution of the RB, RL, and RA ratios. These results confirmed that the use of Horton’s and Schumm’s ratios for the evaluation of the influence of geological/geomorphological settings on the river system development is limited. Among the lumped hydrological models, those requiring the RB, RL, and RA ratios have been extensively studied over last decades. This study suggests that the application of these models may be limited in small catchment areas; therefore, more attention should be placed on the development of hydrological models where the RB, RL, and RA ratios are not necessary.
Assessments of Modal Split in Long-distance Passenger Transport
Authors: Chmelík Jakub 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The goal of this paper is to present basic alternative assessments of the division of transport work (or also “modal split”) of main transport modes. For this, an example of selected long-distance connections between centres in Czechia, including an identification of major underlying factors, shall be exploited. The paper examines the competitiveness of rail transport in its relation to bus and individual automobile transport, and relations with a potential of rail transport are primarily selected. A logit model is applied within the selected set of relations. It is entered in particular by indicators of time (time of a ride, frequency of public transport lines) and finances (actual transport costs) through a financial expression of generalised costs. The purpose of the paper is to verify the selected procedure on the relations transport modes of which are similar, and to highlight the alternatives of a comprehensive assessment of the modal split of main transport modes in Czechia. In the conclusion, the gained results are used to outline further alternative prospects of the topic under observation.
Incidence and Outcomes of Symptomatic Neonatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Grunt Sebastian , Mazenauer Lea , Buerki Sarah E. , Boltshauser Eugen , Mori Andrea Capone , Datta Alexandre N. , Fluss Joël , Mercati Danielle , Keller Elmar , Maier Oliver , Poloni Claudia , Ramelli Gian-Paolo , Schmitt-Mechelke Thomas , Steinlin Maja 
Published: April 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Neonatal arterial ischemic stroke (NAIS) is associated with considerable lifetime burdens such as cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and cognitive impairment. Prospective epidemiologic studies that include outcome assessments are scarce. This study aimed to provide information on the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, infarct characteristics, associated clinical variables, treatment strategies, and outcomes of NAIS in a prospective, population-based cohort of Swiss children.

METHODS:
This prospective study evaluated the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, vascular territories, associated clinical variables, and treatment of all full-term neonates diagnosed with NAIS and born in Switzerland between 2000 and 2010. Follow-up was performed 2 years (mean 23.3 months, SD 4.3 months) after birth.

RESULTS:
One hundred neonates (67 boys) had a diagnosis of NAIS. The NAIS incidence in Switzerland during this time was 13 (95% confidence interval [CI], 11–17) per 100 000 live births. Seizures were the most common symptom (95%). Eighty-one percent had unilateral (80% left-sided) and 19% had bilateral lesions. Risk factors included maternal risk conditions (32%), birth complications (68%), and neonatal comorbidities (54%). Antithrombotic and antiplatelet therapy use was low (17%). No serious side effects were reported. Two years after birth, 39% were diagnosed with cerebral palsy and 31% had delayed mental performance.

CONCLUSIONS:
NAIS in Switzerland shows a similar incidence as other population-based studies. About one-third of patients developed cerebral palsy or showed delayed mental performance 2 years after birth, and children with normal mental performance may still develop deficits later in life.
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Antibiotic Use
Authors: Schulman Joseph , Dimand Robert J. , Lee Henry C. , Duenas Grace V. , Bennett Mihoko V. , Gould Jeffrey B. 
Published: April 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Treatment of suspected infection is a mainstay of the daily work in the NICU. We hypothesized that NICU antibiotic prescribing practice variation correlates with rates of proven infection, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), mortality, inborn admission, and with NICU surgical volume and average length of stay.

METHODS:
In a retrospective cohort study of 52 061 infants in 127 NICUs across California during 2013, we compared sample means and explored linear and nonparametric correlations, stratified by NICU level of care and lowest/highest antibiotic use rate quartiles.

RESULTS:
Overall antibiotic use varied 40-fold, from 2.4% to 97.1% of patient-days; median = 24.5%. At all levels of care, it was independent of proven infection, NEC, surgical volume, or mortality. Fifty percent of intermediate level NICUs were in the highest antibiotic use quartile, yet most of these units reported infection rates of zero. Regional NICUs in the highest antibiotic quartile reported inborn admission rate 218% higher (0.24 vs 0.11, P = .03), and length of stay 35% longer (90.2 days vs 66.9 days, P = .03) than regional NICUs in the lowest quartile.

CONCLUSIONS:
Forty-fold variation in NICU antibiotic prescribing practice across 127 NICUs with similar burdens of proven infection, NEC, surgical volume, and mortality indicates that a considerable portion of antibiotic use lacks clear warrant; in some NICUs, antibiotics are overused. Additional study is needed to establish appropriate use ranges and elucidate the determinants and directionality of relationships between antibiotic and other resource use.
A simulation study for defects in sub-15 nm line-space using directed self-assembly
Authors: Kanai Hideki , Kodera Katsuyoshi , Seino Yuriko , Sato Hironobu , Kasahara Yusuke , Kobayashi Katsutoshi , Miyagi Ken , Minegishi Shinya , Kihara Naoko , Kawamonzen Yoshiaki , Fujiwara Tomoharu , Hirayanagi Noriyuki , Tobana Toshikatsu , Azuma Tsukasa 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTA specific type of buried defect in lamellar phase diblock copolymer was studied by experiments and simulations using self-consistent field theory (SCFT). The defects had 3-dimensional structures and created hexagonally arranged holes. They existed not only on the substrate with the guide structures but in fingerprints. The simulation results suggested that one of the causes of the defects is mismatch of the surface affinity of the neutral layer.