bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of hydroxyapatite and BMP‐2 on bioactivity and bone tissue formation ability of electrospun PLLA nanofibers
Authors: Yang Xiaozhan , Li Zhensheng 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTAn excellent bioactive scaffold material which could induce and promote new bone formation is essential in the bone repair field. In this study, the bioactive material hydroxyapatite (HA) and the bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) were added to poly‐l‐lactic acid (PLLA) using the electrospinning method. Scanning electron microscopy investigations performed on four different fiber scaffolds, PLLA, PLLA/HA, PLLA/BMP‐2 and PLLA/HA/BMP‐2, revealed that the fibers of all scaffolds are closely interwoven, and the presence of large interconnected voids between the fibers, resulting in a three‐dimensional porous network structure that was similar to the structure of the extracellular matrix of healthy bones. In the MG63 cell culture growth experiments, the composite scaffold material PLLA/HA/BMP‐2 showed a higher bioactivity than the other three scaffold materials. The four scaffold materials were implanted in rabbits’ tibia for 30 and 90 days. The results of the animal experiments indicate that the capability of the PLLA/HA/BMP‐2 composite to induce and promote bone tissue formation was better compared with PLLA/HA or PLLA/BMP‐2, suggesting that PLLA combined with HA/BMP‐2 is a promising material for bone tissue repair. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42249.
Doped poly (2,5‐dimethyl aniline) for the detection of ethanol
Authors: Stewart Katherine M. E. , Chen Wei Ting , Mansour Raafat R. , Penlidis Alexander 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTPoly (2,5‐dimethyl aniline) (P25DMA), with and without NiO and ZnO as dopants, is evaluated as a sensing material for ethanol to detect transdermal ethanol emissions. Three sensing materials—P25DMA, P25DMA doped with 20 wt % NiO, and P25DMA doped with 20 wt % ZnO—are eventually deposited onto a radio frequency identification sensor. The limit of detection for the materials is found to be 3, 24, and 420 ppm, respectively. Also, all three sensing materials are selective toward ethanol with benzene and methanol used as interferents. The response and recovery times are also measured for the three sensing materials and are in the order of seconds, which is acceptable for a transdermal ethanol sensor. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42259.
Differences Exist in the Left and Right Sciatic Nerves of Naïve Rats and Cats
Authors: Christensen Michael B. , Tresco Patrick A. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTThe sciatic nerve of rats and cats is commonly used in experimental models of peripheral nerve injury and repair, as well as experiments involving peripheral nerve electrode implantation. In such experiments, morphometric parameters from the implanted nerve are commonly evaluated and compared to control values obtained from the contralateral nerves. However, this may not be an appropriate approach as differences may naturally exist in the structure of the two nerves owing to developmental or behavioral asymmetry. Additionally, in the cat, baseline values for standard morphometric parameters are not well established. In this study, we characterized fascicle area, fiber count, fiber density, fiber packing, mean g‐ratio, and fiber diameter distributions in the rat and cat, as well as investigated the potential for naturally occurring sided differences in these parameters in both species. We also investigated whether animal age or location along the nerve influenced these parameters. We found that sided or left/right leg differences exist in some parameters in both the rat and the cat, calling into question the validity of using the contralateral nerve as a control. We also found that animal age and location along the nerve can make significant differences in the parameters tested, establishing the importance of using control nerves from age‐ and behaviorally matched animals whose morphometric parameters are collected and compared from the same location. Anat Rec, 298:1492–1501, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Patient‐specific finite element models to support clinical decisions: A lesson learnt from a case study of percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation
Authors: Bosi Giorgia M. , Capelli Claudio , Khambadkone Sachin , Taylor Andrew M. , Schievano Silvia 
Published: April 2015

Objectives and BackgroundPatient‐specific finite element (FE) simulations were used to assess different transcatheter valve devices and help select the most appropriate treatment strategy for a patient (17‐year‐old male) with borderline dimensions for Melody® percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI).Methods and ResultsPatient‐specific implantation site morphology was derived from cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) images along with the implantation site mechanical behavior by coupling systolic/diastolic dimensions and the pressure gradient in a linear elastic model, and iterative tuning. In this way, the model accounted for the mechanical response not only of the arterial wall, but also of the surrounding tissue. Four stents (2 balloon‐expandable including prestenting and 2 self‐expandable) were virtually implanted and the stent final configuration, anchoring, migration forces, arterial wall stresses, paravalvular regurgitation, and device mechanical performance were evaluated. A Sapien29 device with prestenting was indicated as the optimal approach for this specific patient as it had a fully open valve, safe anchoring along the entire circumference, low risk of paravalvular leak, and arterial rupture. However, at the time of the PPVI procedure, after balloon sizing, device implantation was suspended due to perceived high risk of device embolization.ConclusionsFE analysis allows a comparison between different treatment scenarios to add information to the clinical decision making process. However, further studies are required to fully predict patient‐specific response to stenting and therefore true clinical outcomes. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prolonged neuropsychiatric effects following management of chloroquine intoxication with psychotropic polypharmacy
Authors: Maxwell Nicole M. , Nevin Remington L. , Stahl Stephen , Block Jerald , Shugarts Sarah , Wu Alan H. B. , Dominy Stephen , Solano‐Blanco Miguel Alonso , Kappelman‐Culver Sharon , Lee‐Messer Christopher , Maldonado Jose , Maxwell Andrew J. 
Published: April 2015

Key Clinical MessageSusceptibility to quinoline antimalarial intoxication may reflect individual genetic and drug‐induced variation in neuropharmacokinetics. In this report, we describe a case of chloroquine intoxication that appeared to be prolonged by subsequent use of multiple psychotropic medications. This case highlights important new considerations for the management of quinoline antimalarial intoxication.
MLL‐ELL fusion gene in an acute myelomonocytic leukemia patient transformed from acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Hu Wang Qiang , Wang Xiao Xia , Yang Rong Rong , Yu Kang 
Published: April 2015

Key Clinical MessageWe report an extremely rare case of acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M4) with an MLL‐ELL fusion gene lacking the PML‐RARα rearrangement that transformed from hypergranular acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) without showing any karyotypic evolution. The treatment was effective with chemotherapy for M4 and idarubicin plus a cytarabine‐based chemotherapy protocol without ATRA.
Topiramate‐induced nephrolithiasis
Authors: Giannopoulou Eleni Z. , Gortner Ludwig , Peterlini Sylvia , Gottschling Sven , Yilmaz Umut , Meyer Sascha 
Published: April 2015

Key Clinical MessageNephrolithiasis is a less common side effect of the antiepileptic drug topiramate. We report the case of a 3‐year‐old boy who presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain; examinations revealed a large calcification in the left kidney. Regular ultrasound examinations are recommended in children using topiramate.
Ammonia Decomposition over Iron Phthalocyanine‐Based Materials
Authors: Tüysüz Harun , Schüth Ferdi , Zhi Linjie , Müllen Klaus , Comotti Massimiliano 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIron phthalocyanine‐based materials have been used herein as efficient catalysts for the ammonia decomposition reaction. These materials showed high activity, even superior to that showed by the commercial nickel‐based catalyst and iron‐doped carbon nanotubes, which were used as benchmarks in this study. Catalyst stability under reaction conditions appeared satisfactory, because no deactivation phenomena were observed. The type of the phthalocyanine precursor did not affect the catalytic performance; however, the preparation method had a strong effect. If the resulting material was exposed to the reaction conditions, some structural modification occurred. No clear correlation between phase composition and activity could be established because similar nitrogen content and similar crystalline domains in the sample led to different behaviors. However, the results of extensive characterization suggested that catalytic activities and conversion profiles were most likely dependent on material textural properties and thus on the preparation method used. The accessibility of iron species seems to be limited for catalysts prepared under vacuum. These phenomena are most likely responsible for the activation profile and for the low catalytic activity typical of these materials. In contrast, higher accessibility of iron species, typical of materials prepared under argon, would lead to improved and stable catalytic performance.
Genetic algorithm based task reordering to improve the performance of batch scheduled massively parallel scientific applications
Authors: Sankaran Ramanan , Angel Jordan , Brown W. Michael 
Published: April 2015

SummaryThe growth in size of networked high performance computers along with novel accelerator‐based node architectures has further emphasized the importance of communication efficiency in high performance computing. The world's largest high performance computers are usually operated as shared user facilities due to the costs of acquisition and operation. Applications are scheduled for execution in a shared environment and are placed on nodes that are not necessarily contiguous on the interconnect. Furthermore, the placement of tasks on the nodes allocated by the scheduler is sub‐optimal, leading to performance loss and variability. Here, we investigate the impact of task placement on the performance of two massively parallel application codes on the Titan supercomputer, a turbulent combustion flow solver (S3D) and a molecular dynamics code (LAMMPS). Benchmark studies show a significant deviation from ideal weak scaling and variability in performance. The inter‐task communication distance was determined to be one of the significant contributors to the performance degradation and variability. A genetic algorithm‐based parallel optimization technique was used to optimize the task ordering. This technique provides an improved placement of the tasks on the nodes, taking into account the application's communication topology and the system interconnect topology. Application benchmarks after task reordering through genetic algorithm show a significant improvement in performance and reduction in variability, thereby enabling the applications to achieve better time to solution and scalability on Titan during production. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Topic discovery of clusters from documents with geographical location
Authors: Zhang Li , Sun Xiaoping , Zhuge Hai 
Published: April 2015

SummaryAs smart phones with GPS become popular, more and more textual documents with geographical locations are published on the Web. Keyword‐based location services like vehicle navigation, tour planning, nearby object querying, and location pattern discovering of spatial objects are becoming popular and important. However, processing both text and geographical locations brings more challenges to information‐retrieval techniques. In this paper, we focus on the problem of finding textual topics of clusters containing spatial objects with text descriptions. The key is how to combine clustering techniques with topic‐retrieval models to integrate both geo‐location information and text information. We investigated methods that combine clustering methods with the Latent Dirichlet Allocation model to discover topics of clusters of documents with geo‐locations. Six different methods of combination are investigated, each having outputs with different meanings, which can be further leveraged to answer different types of queries over spatial documents. Experiments are conducted on both synthetic and real data. The results show that the combination of the probabilistic topic model with clustering algorithms is an efficient and effective way to discover meaningful clusters in different facets and levels of documents with textual and geographical information. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tandem Arylation/Friedel–Crafts Reactions of o‐Acylanilines with Diaryliodonium Salts: A Modular Synthesis of Acridine Derivatives
Authors: Pang Xinlong , Lou Zhenbang , Li Ming , Wen Lirong , Chen Chao 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA modular method to synthesize acridine derivatives was developed with o‐acylanilines and diaryliodonium salts. The reactions proceeded smoothly under Cu‐catalyzed or metal‐free reaction conditions at elevated temperature through tandem arylation/Friedel–Crafts reactions.
Regioisomerically Pure 1,7‐Dibromo‐Substituted Perylene Bisimide Dyes: Efficient Synthesis, Separation, and Characterization
Authors: Ma Jiajun , Yin Leicheng , Zou Gang , Zhang Qijin 
Published: April 2015

Abstract1,7‐Dibromo‐substituted perylene bisimides have been obtained in yields of at least 60 % in regioisomerically pure form by treating the commonly used dibromoperylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride with 2‐(diethylamino)ethylamine or 2‐(dimethylamino)ethylamine and then separating the 1,7‐isomer from the regioisomeric mixtures by conventional column chromatography and without recrystallization. The individual regioisomers were fully characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy and HRMS. The signals of the protons located in the aromatic region and neighboring the imide nitrogen atom were utilized to confirm the chemical structures of the isomers. The 1,7‐dibromo isomer obtained with 2‐(dimethylamino)ethylamine in such a convenient and efficient way was further used to prepare 1,7‐disubstituted perylene bisimide derivatives by saponification, amidation, and then bay‐position substitution reactions. These compounds exhibited a significant redshift and broadening of their absorption and emission in optical spectroscopy analysis.
Altered levels of endocrine biomarkers in juvenile barramundi (Lates calcarifer; Bloch) following exposure to commercial herbicide and surfactant formulations
Authors: Kroon Frederieke J. , Hook Sharon E. , Metcalfe Suzanne , Jones Dean 
Published: April 2015

Abstract

Agricultural pesticides that are known endocrine disrupting chemicals have been detected in waters in the Great Barrier Reef catchment and lagoon. Altered transcription levels of liver vitellogenin (vtg) have been documented in wild populations of 2 Great Barrier Reef fisheries species and were strongly associated with pesticide-containing runoff from sugarcane plantations. The present study examined endocrine and physiological biomarkers in juvenile barramundi (Lates calcarifer) exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of commercial herbicide (ATRADEX® WG Herbicide, DIUREX® WG Herbicide) and surfactant (ACTIVATOR® 90) formulations commonly used on sugarcane in the Great Barrier Reef catchment. Estrogenic biomarkers (namely, liver vtg messenger RNA and plasma 17β-estradiol) increased following exposure to commercial mixtures but not to the analytical grade chemical, suggesting an estrogenic response to the additives. In contrast, brain aromatase (cyp19a1b) transcription levels, plasma testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone concentrations, and gill ventilation rates were not affected by any of the experimental exposures. These findings support the assertion that exposure to pesticide-containing runoff from sugarcane plantations is a potential causative agent of altered liver vtg transcription levels in wild barramundi. Whether exposure patterns in the Great Barrier Reef catchment and lagoon are sufficient to impair fish sexual and reproductive development and ultimately influence fish population dynamics remains to be determined. These findings highlight the need to consider both active and so-called inert ingredients in commercial pesticide formulations for environmental risk assessments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1881–1890. © 2015 SETAC
Winterschläfer auf Madagaskar
Authors: Dausmann Kathrin H. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDass nicht nur in unseren Breiten Säugetiere die unwirtliche Jahreszeit in Höhlen zubringen, sondern auch die Fettschwanzmakis in den Tropen — diese Entdeckung war eine echte Überraschung. Neue Studien zeigen, dass sich diese Lemurenart dank ihrer besonderen Thermoregulation sogar viel flexibler an klimatische Gegebenheiten, Habitate und Schlafplätze anpassen kann.
Die Vermessung des Unsichtbaren
Authors: Reiprich Thomas 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDunkle Energie macht den Großteil des Universums aus, durchsetzt ferne Galaxien und auch unser Sonnensystem — und ist doch immer noch weitgehend unerforscht. Das internationale Röntgenteleskop‐Konsortium eROSITA verspricht nun spektakuläre Einblicke in grundlegende Zusammenhänge der Astrophysik.
Functional brain changes underlying irritability in premanifest Huntington's disease
Authors: Van den Stock Jan , De Winter François‐Laurent , Ahmad Rawaha , Sunaert Stefan , Van Laere Koen , Vandenberghe Wim , Vandenbulcke Mathieu 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe clinical phenotype of Huntington's disease (HD) consists of motor, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms, of which irritability is an important manifestation. Our aim was to identify the functional and structural brain changes that underlie irritability in premanifest HD (preHD). Twenty preHD carriers and 20 gene‐negative controls from HD families took part in the study. Although the 5‐year probability of disease onset was only 11%, the preHD group showed striatal atrophy and increased clinical irritability ratings. Functional MRI was performed during a mood induction experiment by means of recollection of emotional (angry, sad, and happy) and neutral autobiographical episodes. While there were no significant group differences in the subjective intensity of the emotional experience, the preHD group showed increased anger‐selective activation in a distributed network, including the pulvinar, cingulate cortex, and somatosensory association cortex, compared to gene‐negative controls. Pulvinar activation during anger experience correlated negatively with putaminal grey matter volume and positively with irritability ratings in the preHD group. In addition, the preHD group showed a decrease in anger‐selective activation in the amygdala, which correlated with putaminal and caudate grey matter volume. In conclusion, compared to gene‐negative controls, anger experience in preHD is associated with activity changes in a distributed set of regions known to be involved in emotion regulation. Increased activity is related to behavioral and volumetric measures, providing insight in the pathophysiology of early neuropsychiatric symptoms in preHD. Hum Brain Mapp 36:2681–2690, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hillslope–riparian‐stream connectivity and flow directions at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed
Authors: van Meerveld H. J. , Seibert J. , Peters N. E. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTo obtain a better understanding of water's journey from the hillslope to the stream, water level time series from 26 groundwater wells in a hillslope–riparian study area in the Panola Mountain Research Watershed, Georgia, USA, were examined with respect to the occurrence of perched groundwater and groundwater flow directions. A connected groundwater table was taken as an indication of a hydrologic connection between the hillslope and the stream. Flow directions were determined based on observed water levels at different combinations of three neighbouring wells. The analyses indicated that the hillslope was disconnected from the stream most of the time but that almost the entire hillslope became connected to the stream during large rainfall events. This coincided with more sustained streamflow during these events. There were clear differences in the timing of the groundwater response between the upper hillslope, lower hillslope and riparian zone, with water levels near the stream and on the upper hillslope rising earlier than on the midslope. The flow directions were generally downslope and were most variable around a bedrock depression on the midslope. On the hillslope, the direction of the water table followed the local bedrock topography when the water level was low at the start and end of an event and the overall surface topography when water levels were high. In the riparian zone, flow directions either did not change significantly during events or turned from a more downstream (i.e. downvalley) direction to a more downslope (i.e. towards the stream) direction. These results highlight the competing influence of surface and bedrock topography on hillslope flow directions and improve our understanding of hillslope–riparian‐stream connectivity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pooled genetic analysis reveals an association of snps of only a few genes with risk predisposition to ischemic stroke in a Chinese population
Authors: Zhang Zhenchang , Su Gang , Guo Jia , Li Jiong , Wu Hua , Wang Manxia , Xie Xiaodong 
Published: April 2015

AbstractUp to date, series of studies on ischemic stroke had resulted in inconsistent conclusion. In this study, we aimed to evaluate which specific genes were associated with increased predisposition to stroke in a Chinese population. To identify the specific genes and polymorphisms associated with predisposition to ischemic stroke, we performed high throughput sequenom based next‐generation sequencing from 743 patient with history of ischemic stroke. Variants SNPs in nNOS, renalase, MTHFR, CELSR1 and XYLB genes were found significantly associated with IS, thus suggesting involvement of these loci to IS in Chinese patients. Because of different locations on chromosomes, haplotype analyses were not feasible. Our results demonstrate the top level genes that are related to normal vascular physiology, viz. genes of nitric oxide synthesis, endothelial health and smooth muscle biology. Further validation studies are awaited. © 2015 IUBMB Life, 67(3):170–174, 2015