bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weed suppression and soybean yield in a no-till cover-crop mulched system as influenced by six rye cultivars
Authors: Wells M. Scott , Brinton Carrie M. , Reberg-Horton S. Chris 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCover crop mulches have been successful in reducing weed severity in organic soybeans. This study examined six rye cultivars (SRCs) used as cover crops to determine which were most adapted for use with a roller–crimper in the southeastern U.S. To be an effective mulch, a rye cultivar must produce high biomass and reach reproductive growth stage to facilitate mechanical termination via the roller–crimper prior to soybean planting. Rye cultivars were planted at three locations in North Carolina over the 2009 and 2010 growing seasons. Each rye cultivar was mechanically terminated via a roller–crimper implement. Rye cover crops were terminated on two dates and soybeans were immediately no-till planted into the mulch. In 2009, all rye cultivars produced greater than 9000 kg ha−1 rye biomass dry matter (DM) with the exception of Rymin at Plymouth (2009), but in 2010 only the early flowering cultivars produced in excess of 9000 kg ha−1 DM. There were no detectable soybean yield differences between the SRCs and the weed-free checks, and weed control was excellent across all SRCs at both Plymouth and Salisbury (2009). After an unseasonably cold and wet winter in 2010, the late flowering rye cultivars were not fully controlled by the early termination date due to delayed maturation (less than 65% control at 2 WAP) whereas the early flowering cultivars were fully controlled (100% control at 2 WAP). Rye biomass production was below 9000 kg ha−1 DM for the late flowering and dough development rye cultivars. The early-terminated rye plots had greater weed coverage across all SRCs than those from the late termination date (P < 0.01). However, weeds did not impact soybean yield for either of the termination dates. Soybean yield in 2010 was modeled with rye biomass and soybean population used as covariates, and for both termination dates, soybean yield was proportional to rye biomass production. Early flowering rye cultivars offer producers the widest range of termination opportunities that best coincide with their cash crop planting dates.
Infants born large-for-gestational-age display slower growth in early infancy, but no epigenetic changes at birth
Authors: Chiavaroli Valentina , Cutfield Wayne S. , Derraik José G. B. , Pan Zengxiang , Ngo Sherry , Sheppard Allan , Craigie Susan , Stone Peter , Sadler Lynn , Ahlsson Fredrik 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe evaluated the growth patterns of infants born large-for-gestational-age (LGA) from birth to age 1 year compared to those born appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA). In addition, we investigated possible epigenetic changes associated with being born LGA. Seventy-one newborns were classified by birth weight as AGA (10th–90thpercentile; n = 42) or LGA (>90thpercentile; n = 29). Post-natal follow-up until age 1 year was performed with clinical assessments at 3, 6 and 12 months. Genome-wide DNA methylation was analysed on umbilical tissue in 19 AGA and 27 LGA infants. At birth, LGA infants had greater weight (p < 0.0001), length (p < 0.0001), ponderal index (p = 0.020), as well as greater head (p < 0.0001), chest (p = 0.044) and abdominal (p = 0.007) circumferences than AGA newborns. LGA infants were still larger at the age of 3 months, but by age 6 months there were no more differences between groups, due to higher length and weight increments in AGA infants between 0 and 6 months (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.002, respectively). Genome-wide analysis showed no epigenetic differences between LGA and AGA infants. Overall, LGA infants had slower growth in early infancy, being anthropometrically similar to AGA infants by 6 months of age. In addition, differences between AGA and LGA newborns were not associated with epigenetic changes.
Motor function benefits of visual restoration measured in age-related cataract and simulated patients: Case-control and clinical experimental studies
Authors: Ayaki Masahiko , Nagura Takeo , Toyama Yoshiaki , Negishi Kazuno , Tsubota Kazuo 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to measure gait velocity in cataract and simulated patients. The study was performed on 239 cataract patients, 115 age-matched subjects and 11 simulated patients. We measured gait velocity and analyzed gait using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. Mean gait velocity before and 2 and 7 months after cataract surgery was 0.91 ± 0.19, 1.04 ± 0.21 and 1.06 ± 0.21 m/s, respectively, for males and 0.84 ± 0.22, 0.91 ± 0.24 and 0.92 ± 0.25 m/s, respectively, for females. The increase after surgery was significant in both groups at 7 months (P < 0.05). Gait velocity was significantly slower in cataract patients compared with controls before surgery, but no longer different after surgery. In simulated patients, mean velocity was 87.0 ± 11.4% of normal vision with a 3° visual field and 92.4 ± 12.3% of normal when counting fingers. Initial velocity was 89.1 ± 14.6% of normal vision with a 3° visual field and 92.7 ± 11.6% of normal when counting fingers. There was a significant difference between normal and impaired visual function (P < 0.05). The results demonstrate the close relationship between visual function and gait in cataract patients and simulated patients.
25 MHz clock continuous-variable quantum key distribution system over 50 km fiber channel
Authors: Wang Chao , Huang Duan , Huang Peng , Lin Dakai , Peng Jinye , Zeng Guihua 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn this paper, a practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution system is developed and it runs in the real-world conditions with 25 MHz clock rate. To reach high-rate, we have employed a homodyne detector with maximal bandwidth to 300 MHz and an optimal high-efficiency error reconciliation algorithm with processing speed up to 25 Mbps. To optimize the stability of the system, several key techniques are developed, which include a novel phase compensation algorithm, a polarization feedback algorithm and related stability method on the modulators. Practically, our system is tested for more than 12 hours with a final secret key rate of 52 kbps over 50 km transmission distance, which is the highest rate so far in such distance. Our system may pave the road for practical broadband secure quantum communication with continuous variables in the commercial conditions.
DAMP production by human islets under low oxygen and nutrients in the presence or absence of an immunoisolating-capsule and necrostatin-1
Authors: Paredes-Juarez Genaro A. , Sahasrabudhe Neha M. , Tjoelker Reina S. , de Haan Bart J. , Engelse Marten A. , de Koning Eelco J. P. , Faas Marijke M. , de Vos Paul 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn between the period of transplantation and revascularization, pancreatic islets are exposed to low-oxygen and low-nutrient conditions. In the present study we mimicked those conditions in vitro to study the involvement of different cell death processes, release of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMP) and associated in vitro immune activation. Under low-oxygen and low-nutrient conditions, apoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis occur in human islets. Necroptosis is responsible for DAMP-release such as dsDNA, uric acid and HMGB1. The sensors of the innate immune system able to recognize these DAMPs are mainly TLR, NOD receptors and C-type lectins. By using cell-lines with a non-functional adaptor molecule MyD88, we were able to show that the islet-derived DAMPs signal mainly via TLR. Immunoisolation in immunoprotective membranes reduced DAMP release and immune activation via retention of the relative large DAMPs in the capsules. Another effective strategy was suppressing necroptosis using the inhibitor nec-1. Although the effect on cell-survival was minor, nec-1 was able to reduce the release of HMGB1 and its associated immune activation. Our data demonstrate that in the immediate post-transplant period islets release DAMPs that in vitro enhance responses of innate immune cells. DAMP release can be reduced in vitro by immunoisolation or intervention with nec-1.
25OHD analogues and vacuum blood collection tubes dramatically affect the accuracy of automated immunoassays
Authors: Yu Songlin , Cheng Xinqi , Fang Huiling , Zhang Ruiping , Han Jianhua , Qin Xuzhen , Cheng Qian , Su Wei , Hou Li’an , Xia Liangyu , Qiu Ling 
Published: September 2015

AbstractVariations in vitamin D quantification methods are large and influences of vitamin D analogues and blood collection methods have not been systematically examined. We evaluated the effects of vitamin D analogues 25OHD2 and 3-epi 25OHD3 and blood collection methods on vitamin D measurement, using five immunoassay systems and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Serum samples (332) were selected from routine vitamin D assay requests, including samples with or without 25OHD2 or 3-epi 25OHD3 and analysed using various immunoassay systems. In samples with no 25OHD2 or 3-epi 25OHD3, all immunoassays correlated well with LC-MS/MS. However, the Siemens system produced a large positive mean bias of 12.5 ng/mL and a poor Kappa value when using tubes with clot activator and gel separator. When 25OHD2 or 3-epi 25OHD3 was present, correlations and clinical agreement decreased for all immunoassays. Serum 25OHD in VACUETTE tubes with gel and clot activator, as measured by the Siemens system, produced significantly higher values than did samples collected in VACUETTE tubes with no additives. Bias decreased and clinical agreement improved significantly when using tubes with no additives. In conclusion, most automated immunoassays showed acceptable correlation and agreement with LC-MS/MS; however, 25OHD analogues and blood collection tubes dramatically affected accuracy.
Ultrafast Fabrication of Flexible Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells by Ultrasonic Spray-Coating Technology
Authors: Han Hyun-Gyu , Weerasinghe Hashitha C. , Min Kim Kwang , Soo Kim Jeong , Cheng Yi-Bing , Jones David J. , Holmes Andrew B. , Kwon Tae-Hyuk 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis study investigates novel deposition techniques for the preparation of TiO2 electrodes for use in flexible dye-sensitized solar cells. These proposed new methods, namely pre-dye-coating and codeposition ultrasonic spraying, eliminate the conventional need for time-consuming processes such as dye soaking and high-temperature sintering. Power conversion efficiencies of over 4.0% were achieved with electrodes prepared on flexible polymer substrates using this new deposition technology and N719 dye as a sensitizer.
A covalent homodimer probing early oligomers along amyloid aggregation
Authors: Halabelian Levon , Relini Annalisa , Barbiroli Alberto , Penco Amanda , Bolognesi Martino , Ricagno Stefano 
Published: September 2015

AbstractEarly oligomers are crucial in amyloid aggregation; however, due to their transient nature they are among the least structurally characterized species. We focused on the amyloidogenic protein beta2-microglobulin (β2m) whose early oligomers are still a matter of debate. An intermolecular interaction between D strands of facing β2m molecules was repeatedly observed, suggesting that such interface may be relevant for β2m dimerization. In this study, by mutating Ser33 to Cys and assembling the disulphide-stabilized β2m homodimer (DimC33), such DD strand interface was locked. Although the isolated DimC33 display a stability similar to wt β2m under native conditions, it shows enhanced amyloid aggregation propensity. Three distinct crystal structures of DimC33 suggest that dimerization through the DD interface is instrumental for enhancing DimC33 aggregation propensity. Furthermore, the crystal structure of DimC33 in complex with the amyloid-specific dye Thioflavin-T pinpoints a second interface, which likely participates in the first steps of β2m aggregation. The present data provide new insight into β2m early steps of amyloid aggregation.
Ikaros mediates the DNA methylation-independent silencing of MCJ/DNAJC15 gene expression in macrophages
Authors: Navasa Nicolás , Martin-Ruiz Itziar , Atondo Estíbaliz , Sutherland James D. , Angel Pascual-Itoiz Miguel , Carreras-González Ana , Izadi Hooman , Tomás-Cortázar Julen , Ayaz Furkan , Martin-Martin Natalia , Torres Iviana M , Barrio Rosa , Carracedo Arkaitz , Olivera Elias R. , Rincón Mercedes , Anguita Juan 
Published: September 2015

AbstractMCJ (DNAJC15) is a mitochondrial protein that regulates the mitochondrial metabolic status of macrophages and their response to inflammatory stimuli. CpG island methylation in cancer cells constitutes the only mechanism identified for the regulation of MCJ gene expression. However, whether DNA methylation or transcriptional regulation mechanisms are involved in the physiological control of this gene expression in non-tumor cells remains unknown. We now demonstrate a mechanism of regulation of MCJ expression that is independent of DNA methylation. IFNγ, a protective cytokine against cardiac inflammation during Lyme borreliosis, represses MCJ transcription in macrophages. The transcriptional regulator, Ikaros, binds to the MCJ promoter in a Casein kinase II-dependent manner and mediates the repression of MCJ expression. These results identify the MCJ gene as a transcriptional target of IFNγ and provide evidence of the dynamic adaptation of normal tissues to changes in the environment as a way to adapt metabolically to new conditions.
Spoof localized surface plasmons on ultrathin textured MIM ring resonator with enhanced resonances
Authors: Zhou Yong Jin , Xiao Qian Xun , Jia Yang Bao 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe numerically demonstrate that spoof localized surface plasmons (LSPs) resonant modes can be enhanced based on ultrathin corrugated metal-insulator-metal (MIM) ring resonator. Further enhancement of the LSPs modes has been achieved by incorporating an efficient and ease-of-integration exciting method. Quality factors of resonance peaks have become much larger and multipolar resonances modes can be easily observed on the textured MIM ring resonator excited by a microstrip line. Experimental results validate the high-efficiency excitation and resonance enhancements of spoof LSPs modes on the MIM ring resonator in the microwave frequencies. We have shown that the fabricated resonator is sensitive to the variation of both the dielectric constant and the thickness of surrounding materials under test. The spoof plasmonic resonator can be used as key elements to provide many important device functionalities such as optical communications, signal processing and spectral engineering in the plasmonic integration platform.
Wrinkles and splay conspire to give positive disclinations negative curvature
Authors: Matsumoto Elisabetta A. , Vega Daniel A. , Pezzutti Aldo D. , García Nicolás A. , Chaikin Paul M. , Register Richard A. 
Published: September 2015

Significance
Diblock copolymers, polymers made by covalently bonding two otherwise immiscible polymers together, are prized for their robust ability to self-assemble into highly ordered geometric structures. Likewise, there has been recent interest in the ability to control the global geometry of a surface, merely by modifying its local microstructure. Here, we take advantage of the defect structure arising from a slow annealing of a thin film of cylinder-forming diblock copolymers as a means of guiding the geometry of an emergent three-dimensional structure.
Access management: the overlooked but critical enabler
Authors: LLOYD Tim 
Published: September 2015

Key points
Access management (AM) is a critical, but often overlooked, enabler for publishers looking to expand the appeal of their online resources.
This article examines why publishers underinvest in AM, and provides practical examples of how this impacts productivity and growth across the organization.
Three AM trends that offer new growth opportunities are also explored: (i) enabling a wider range of customer types and business models, (ii) supporting a more diverse range of access scenarios, and (iii) facilitating greater personalization through identity management.
Publishers need to review their AM strategy in light of these opportunities. In particular, publishers that currently support AM in‐house should outsource to specialist vendors if they are not fully committed to investing the expertise and time needed to support this increasing sophistication.
Henry VIII, King of England
Authors: Covington Sarah 
Published: September 2015

Henry VIII bestrode his era with the kind of imposing confidence that he projected in his famous wide-legged posture immortalized in the portrait by Hans Holbein, and he has never left center stage since. Yet, as G. R. Elton once wrote, “because [Henry] so much succeeded in identifying his personality with his age, the problems of that age leave the king himself still the subject of debate” (Elton 1974–1992, cited under Politics and Government, p. 100). Elton himself denuded Henry of any particular originality of vision, leaving all agency, at least in governmental matters, to his secretary, Thomas Cromwell. More-recent historians have brought Henry back to significance as a political operator—especially of Parliament—in his own right, while others have variously designated him as a hero or villain of the Protestant cause; a frivolous, if wily, incompetent; a flawed hero; a formidable if despotic agent of state; and the founder of the English imperium. Running through these estimations are the pivotal developments that marked his reign: for one, Henry was the ruler who instigated the momentous break with Roman Catholicism by establishing the new Church of England and officially introducing Protestantism into the country, even if he himself held to many important facets of the old faith. Equally important, he oversaw the consolidation of Tudor rule by strengthening the Crown, asserting control (for the most part) over the nobility and instigating legislative and administrative changes that led to a greater bureaucratization of government. Historians have benefited from a wealth of documentation covering these developments, even if they remain divided among themselves over interpretations yielded by the sources. Primary sources are abundant, even if the printed collections are somewhat aged at this point, and the historiography continues on, abundantly, not only with regards to the man, his wives, his government, and his reformation policies, but in popular culture, on television, and in film, which continue to drive audience hunger for knowing the man. The 500th anniversary of Henry’s accession to the throne in 2009 brought about a reassessment of his legacy, but as this article demonstrates, the need to tell the story of this complex and difficult figure displays no signs of abating.
Characteristics of Consecutive Esophageal Motility Diagnoses After a Decade of Change
Authors: Boland Katherine , Abdul-Hussein Mustafa , Tutuian Radu , Castell Donald O. 
Published: September 2015

Background and Aims:
Combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and esophageal manometry (MII-EM) measures concomitantly bolus transit and pressure changes allowing determination of the functional impact of esophageal motility abnormalities. Ten years ago our laboratory reported MII-EM results in 350 consecutive patients. Since then high-resolution impedance manometry (HRIM) became available and the definitions of ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) and nutcracker esophagus were revised. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of these developments on esophageal function testing.

Methods:
From August 2012 through May 2013, HRIM was performed in 350 patients referred for esophageal function testing. Each patient received 10 liquid and 10 viscous swallows. While taking advantage of the new technology and revised criteria, HRIM findings were classified according to the conventional criteria to allow more appropriate comparison with our earlier analysis.

Results:
Compared with the study performed 10 years ago, the prevalence of normal manometry (36% vs. 35%), achalasia (7% vs. 8%), scleroderma (1% vs. 1%), hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter (LES) (7% vs. 7%), and hypotensive LES (1% vs. 2%) remained the same, whereas the prevalence of distal esophageal spasm (9% vs. 3%), nutcracker esophagus (9% vs. 3%), and poorly relaxing LES (10% vs. 3%) decreased and the prevalence of IEM increased (20% vs. 31%) significantly. Compared with the early study, normal liquid bolus transit was significantly different in patients with hypertensive LES (96% vs. 57%) and poorly relaxing LES (55% vs. 100%).

Conclusions:
This study brings to light the increase in prevalence of IEM. In addition, it suggests that the hypertensive LES and poorly relaxing LES may each affect bolus transit in about half of these patients.
Seroprevalence and Serointensity of Latent Toxoplasma gondii in a Sample of Elderly Adults With and Without Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Perry Cynthia E. , Gale Shawn D. , Erickson Lance , Wilson Eric , Nielsen Brent , Kauwe John , Hedges Dawson W. 
Published: September 2015

Introduction:
Latent infection with Toxoplasma gondii has been associated with behavioral and cognitive changes in animal models and in humans. Early findings have suggested an association between latent toxoplasmosis and Alzheimer disease (AD). On the basis of these factors, we sought to determine whether there is an association between latent toxoplasmosis and AD using a large, well-characterized sample of subjects with AD and age-matched and sex-matched controls without dementia.

Methods:
Using ELISA, we determined anti-T. gondii IgG antibody titers in 114 control subjects and in 105 subjects diagnosed with AD through an Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center.

Results:
There were no group differences between groups in age, ethnicity, or sex. Education and socioeconomic status was slightly higher in the control group. Neither the prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies (33% in the nondemented control group compared with 41% in the AD group, P=0.25) nor log-transformed antibody concentration (106.6 IU/mL in the control group compared with 140.9 IU/mL in the AD group, P=0.85) differed between the control and AD groups.

Discussion:
In this sample, we found neither a higher prevalence of latent toxoplasmosis in the AD group compared with the control group nor differences in serum anti-T. gondii IgG titers between groups.
Targeted reduction of highly abundant transcripts withpseudo-randomprimers
Authors: Arnaud Ophélie , Kato Sachi , Poulain Stéphane , Plessy Charles 
Published: September 2015

AbstractTranscriptome studies based on quantitative sequencing estimate gene expression levels by measuring the abundance of target RNAs in libraries of sequence reads. The sequencing cost is proportional to the total number of sequenced reads. Therefore, in order to cover rare RNAs, considerable quantities of abundant and identical reads have to be sequenced. This major limitation can be lifted by strategies used to deplete the library from some of the most abundant sequences. However, these strategies involve either an extra handling of the input RNA sample, or the use of a large number of reverse-transcription primers (termed “not-so-random primers”), which are costly to synthetize and customize. Here, we demonstrate that with a precise selection of only 40 “pseudo-random” reverse-transcription primers, it is possible to decrease the rate of undesirable abundant sequences within a library without affecting the transcriptome diversity. “Pseudo-random” primers are simple to design, and therefore are a flexible tool for enriching transcriptome libraries in rare transcripts sequences.