bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of fertility preservation counseling and treatment on psychological outcomes among women with cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Deshpande Neha A. , Braun Ilana M. , Meyer Fremonta L. 
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUNDFor many female cancer survivors, the preservation of reproductive potential is central to quality of life (QOL), and concerns regarding infertility may affect treatment decisions. Despite the existence of several consensus guidelines supporting routine fertility preservation consultation, to the authors' knowledge little is known regarding psychological outcomes in female cancer patients who undergo fertility preservation counseling/consultation (FPC), with or without fertility preservation (FP).METHODSThis literature review examined the effect of FPC alone, or with FP, on psychological outcomes including satisfaction, decisional regret, and QOL. PubMed and PsychINFO were systematically searched for English‐language publications from the earliest available publication date of each database through March 2015. Among 111 unique articles concerning oncofertility, 13 met inclusion criteria: peer‐reviewed articles reporting primary data regarding satisfaction and psychological outcomes among women who underwent FPC alone or with FP.RESULTSA majority of women receiving FPC reported that the possibility of FP was instrumental to improved coping. Receiving FPC reduced long‐term regret and dissatisfaction concerning fertility, and was associated with improved physical QOL and trends toward improved psychological QOL. Women also desired prompt, standardized, and written information addressing perceived unmet needs specific to oncofertility. Offering FPC was perceived as critical regardless of age or parity.CONCLUSIONSTo the best of the authors' knowledge, little research to date has addressed the impact of FPC alone, or with FP, on QOL in women with cancer. Clinicians should recognize the existing evidence base supporting the psychological benefit of prompt FPC. Future research must be conducted to elucidate the long‐term psychosocial effects of FP. Cancer 2015;121:3938–3947. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Designing Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution: Are Complex Preparation Strategies Necessary to Produce Active Catalysts?
Authors: Grewe Tobias , Tüysüz Harun 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA facile synthetic route for the preparation of highly active photocatalysts was developed. The protocol involves the preparation of a photocatalyst through the direct injection of metal alkoxide precursors into solutions in a photoreactor. As a proof of concept, a tantalum oxide based photocatalyst was chosen as a model system. Tantalum ethoxide [Ta(OEt)5] was injected rapidly into a photoreactor filled with a water/methanol mixture, and a TaOx(OH)y composite formed and was able to produce hydrogen under light illumination. Compared to commercial and mesostructured Ta2O5 and NaTaO3 materials, TaOx(OH)y produced by direct injection shows superior hydrogen production activity. Notably, the samples prepared by direct injection are amorphous; however, their photocatalytic performance is much higher than those of their crystalline equivalents. If Ta(OEt)5 was dispersed in methanol before injection, an amorphous framework with higher surface area and larger pore volume was formed, and the hydrogen production rate increased further. The addition of a sodium precursor during the injection further boosted the photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, this concept has also been applied to a titanium‐based photocatalyst, and a much better hydrogen production rate has been obtained in comparison with that of commercial TiO2 (P25‐Degussa); therefore, the direct‐injection synthesis is a flexible method that opens the door to the facile preparation of highly active nanostructured photocatalysts for hydrogen production.
Synthesis of DOHNAA, a Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cholesterol CD Ring Catabolite and FadD3 Substrate
Authors: Stubbing Louise A. , Lott J. Shaun , Dawes Stephanie S. , Furkert Daniel P. , Brimble Margaret A. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDOHNAA (2) is a key catabolite in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) cholesterol degradation pathway. The CoA ester of 2 has been implicated in regulation of gene transcription that is ultimately responsible for degradation of the C and D rings of cholesterol. A synthetic route to 2 is reported here, by a key DMSO‐mediated Morita–Bayliss–Hillman‐type alkylation of the Hajos–Parrish dione. As DOHNAA has to date only been available from microbial sources in very small quantities, the synthesis described will enable further studies of the enzymes involved in cholesterol degradation in Mtb and facilitate ongoing structure–activity studies based on this compound scaffold.
Neural Stem Cells Secreting Anti-HER2 Antibody Improve Survival in a Preclinical Model of HER2 Overexpressing Breast Cancer Brain Metastases
Authors: Kanojia Deepak , Balyasnikova Irina V. , Morshed Ramin A. , Frank Richard T. , Yu Dou , Zhang Lingjiao , Spencer Drew A. , Kim Julius W. , Han Yu , Yu Dihua , Ahmed Atique U. , Aboody Karen S. , Lesniak Maciej S. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-overexpressing breast cancer has been revolutionized by trastuzumab. However, longer survival of these patients now predisposes them to forming HER2 positive brain metastases, as the therapeutic antibodies cannot cross the blood brain barrier. The current oncologic repertoire does not offer a rational, nontoxic targeted therapy for brain metastases. In this study, we used an established human neural stem cell line, HB1.F3 NSCs and generated a stable pool of cells secreting a high amount of functional full-length anti-HER2 antibody, equivalent to trastuzumab. Anti-HER2Ab secreted by the NSCs (HER2Ab-NSCs) specifically binds to HER2 overexpressing human breast cancer cells and inhibits PI3K-Akt signaling. This translates to HER2Ab-NSC inhibition of breast cancer cell growth in vitro. Preclinical in vivo experiments using HER2Ab overexpressing NSCs in a breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM) mouse model demonstrate that intracranial injection of HER2Ab-NSCs significantly improves survival. In effect, these NSCs provide tumor localized production of HER2Ab, minimizing any potential off-target side effects. Our results establish HER2Ab-NSCs as a novel, nontoxic, and rational therapeutic approach for the successful treatment of HER2 overexpressing BCBM, which now warrants further preclinical and clinical investigation. Stem Cells 2015;33:2985–2994
Altered anorectal function in rotating shift workers: Association with autonomic dysfunction and sleep disturbance
Authors: Hung Jui‐Sheng , Liu Tso‐Tsai , Yi Chih‐Hsun , Lei Wei‐Yi , Chen Chien‐Lin 
Published: August 2015

SummaryBackgroundWe aimed to investigate whether disruption of the circadian rhythm in rotating shift work (RSW) workers would change anorectal motility and cardiac autonomic function. We also determined whether sleep and psychological status (e.g., anxiety and depression) would affect anorectal motility in RSW workers.MethodsSixteen RSW workers and 11 control individuals were involved in the study. All study participants underwent anorectal manometry and spectral analysis of heart rate variability. All participants completed three questionnaires: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire, and the Taiwanese Depression Questionnaire (TDQ).ResultsThe RSW workers had a lower threshold volume for maximal urge (p = 0.006) and greater rectal compliance (p = 0.02), compared to the controls. The RSW workers had a greater PSQI score (p = 0.002) and TDQ score (p = 0.003), compared to the controls. The RSW workers had a significantly increased low‐frequency power percentage (LF%), compared to the controls (p = 0.03). The RSW workers had a significant correlation between the resting anal sphincter pressure and high‐frequency power percentage (HF%; r = –0.62, p = 0.01), and between the R‐R interval and the threshold for maximal urge (r = 0.51, p = 0.04). The PSQI score was significantly correlated with the threshold volume for urge (r = 0.55, p = 0.03) and for compliance (r = 0.51, p = 0.04) in the RSW workers.ConclusionRotating shift workers have anorectal dysmotility and cardiac sympathetic hyperactivity. Anorectal dysmotility in RSW workers has a close relationship with cardiac autonomic dysfunction, sleep disturbance, and depression, but not with anxiety.
Consensus of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Taiwan with endoscopy‐based approach covered by National Health Insurance
Authors: Sheu Bor‐Shyang , Chiu Cheng‐Tang , Lee Yi‐Chia , Chang Chi‐Yang , Wu Deng‐Chyang , Liou Jyh‐Ming , Wu Ming‐Shiang , Chang Wei‐Lun , Wu Chun‐Ying , Lin Jaw‐Town 
Published: August 2015

SummaryBackground and aimsGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is emerging as a clinical complication in the Orient. The consensus comprises recommendations to GERD control under the advantage of endoscopy‐based approach covered by the Taiwan National Health Insurance.MethodsThe steering committee defined the consensus scope to cover diagnostic, therapeutic, unresolved, controversial, or long‐term proton pump inhibitor‐related issues to GERD. The literature review emphasized domestic data, after which the draft statements and statement evidence levels were defined. Thirty‐five experts of GERD in Taiwan formed the expert group to conduct the consensus conference by a modified Delphi process to vote anonymously to reach a consensus, defined by an agreement of ≥ 80% for each statement, and to set the recommendation grade.ResultsThe consensus included 22 statements, including seven on diagnostic approach, seven on therapeutic suggestion, and eight on unresolved, controversial, or long‐term proton pump inhibitor‐related issues to GERD. The consensus highlighted that the endoscopy approach to GERD can define the disease spectrum and exclude malignant potential. The questionnaire survey can not only define GERD, but also monitor treatment response and quality of life. The consensus addressed suggestions for the unresolved issues related to extraesophageal presentation and adverse concerns of GERD after long‐term use of proton pump inhibitors. In the endemic area of upper gastrointestinal cancers, Helicobacter pylori eradication is suggested to reduce progression of gastric precancerous lesions, and endoscopic surveillance of Barrett's esophagus with dysplasia deserves prospective research.ConclusionThe consensus comprises recommendations for the management of GERD in a high upper gastrointestinal cancer area with a national coverage of endoscopic approach.
Reproductive traits of the pompano, Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus, 1758), in the north-western Mediterranean
Authors: Villegas-Hernández Harold , Muñoz Marta , Lloret Josep 
Published: August 2015

This study describes for the first time the reproductive traits of the warm-water pompano, Trachinotus ovatus. Specimens were sampled from landings by artisanal fishing vessels in the NW Mediterranean. Monthly collections, from July 2010 through to September 2012, yielded 226 individuals (118 females and 108 males). The size at 50% maturity (L50) was estimated at 30.9 and 29.1 cm TL for females and males, respectively. Specific reproductive traits, such as oocyte size-frequency distributions, presence of recent post-ovulatory follicles along with oocytes in the final phases of gonadal development, and massive atresia in post-spawning individuals, indicated that pompanos are multiple batch spawners with asynchronous oocyte development and indeterminate fecundity. Monthly variations in the gonadosomatic index and in the phases of gonadal development indicated July and August as the spawning season. There were also noticeable inter-annual variations in spawning phenology, mean diameters of the oocytes, relative batch fecundity and eggs quality, all of which corresponded to changes in sea surface temperatures. This study enhances our understanding of the need for research into the reproduction of warm-water species, which are currently expanding into the increasingly warmer waters of the world's more northerly seas and oceans.
Who Plays the Tune in “Body and Soul”? A Performance History Using Recorded Sources
Authors: BOWEN JOSÉ ANTONIO 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis essay explores the multiple histories, traditions, and authorities present in more than 200 recorded performances of “Body and Soul.” The early recordings (dozens of them from 1930 alone) demonstrate both enormous variety and distinct British and American performance patterns, but few of these innovations survive beyond 1940. Coleman Hawkins's version from 1939, and not the original sheet music or early performance history, set a standard key (D-flat—even for singers!) and a slower standard tempo (quarter = 90, although later it became even slower). Charlie Parker and others in the 1940s, however, were influenced by the Chu Berry and Roy Eldridge recording of 1938, which introduced a “jump” chorus widely reproduced for two decades. Billie Holiday determined which set of lyrics would be sung, but not the form in which they would occur. John Coltrane and McCoy Tyner's new modal approach in 1960 created both direct imitators and also a new tradition of trying to neutralize the harmonic complexity of the tune, which Hawkins had so carefully exploited. This study asks whether a more African and less European model of jazz tunes might reveal a less fixed and more complex notion of a musical work that includes orally preserved and recorded innovations and performance traditions. This research also explores how the record itself, as a physical object, has become an authority.
Refining the pathway of carbide insertion into the nitrogenase M-cluster
Authors: Wiig Jared A. , Hu Yilin , Ribbe Markus W. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractCarbide insertion plays a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of M-cluster, the cofactor of nitrogenase. Previously, we proposed a carbide insertion pathway involving methyltransfer from SAM to a FeS precursor and hydrogen abstraction from this methyl group that initiates the radical-based precursor maturation. Here we demonstrate that the methyl group is transferred to a precursor-associated sulfur before hydrogen abstraction, thereby refining the initial steps of the carbide insertion pathway.
Splenic red pulp macrophages are intrinsically superparamagnetic and contaminate magnetic cell isolates
Authors: Franken Lars , Klein Marika , Spasova Marina , Elsukova Anna , Wiedwald Ulf , Welz Meike , Knolle Percy , Farle Michael , Limmer Andreas , Kurts Christian 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA main function of splenic red pulp macrophages is the degradation of damaged or aged erythrocytes. Here we show that these macrophages accumulate ferrimagnetic iron oxides that render them intrinsically superparamagnetic. Consequently, these cells routinely contaminate splenic cell isolates obtained with the use of MCS, a technique that has been widely used in immunological research for decades. These contaminations can profoundly alter experimental results. In mice deficient for the transcription factor SpiC, which lack red pulp macrophages, liver Kupffer cells take over the task of erythrocyte degradation and become superparamagnetic. We describe a simple additional magnetic separation step that avoids this problem and substantially improves purity of magnetic cell isolates from the spleen.
Functional genomics indicate that schizophrenia may be an adult vascular-ischemic disorder
Authors: Moises H W , Wollschläger D , Binder H 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIn search for the elusive schizophrenia pathway, candidate genes for the disorder from a discovery sample were localized within the energy-delivering and ischemia protection pathway. To test the adult vascular-ischemic (AVIH) and the competing neurodevelopmental hypothesis (NDH), functional genomic analyses of practically all available schizophrenia-associated genes from candidate gene, genome-wide association and postmortem expression studies were performed. Our results indicate a significant overrepresentation of genes involved in vascular function (P<0.001), vasoregulation (that is, perivascular (P<0.001) and shear stress (P<0.01), cerebral ischemia (P<0.001), neurodevelopment (P<0.001) and postischemic repair (P<0.001) among schizophrenia-associated genes from genetic association studies. These findings support both the NDH and the AVIH. The genes from postmortem studies showed an upregulation of vascular-ischemic genes (P=0.020) combined with downregulated synaptic (P=0.005) genes, and ND/repair (P=0.003) genes. Evidence for the AVIH and the NDH is critically discussed. We conclude that schizophrenia is probably a mild adult vascular-ischemic and postischemic repair disorder. Adult postischemic repair involves ND genes for adult neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, glutamate and increased long-term potentiation of excitatory neurotransmission (i-LTP). Schizophrenia might be caused by the cerebral analog of microvascular angina.
A new detector for fully automatic peptide synthesis
Authors: FOX JOHN E. 
Published: August 2015

Summary
A new method of monitoring the rate of reactions in solidphase peptide synthesis is described. A conductivity detector in the reaction cell (patent applied for) enables the deprotection, washing and subsequent coupling stages to be examined in detail. The half-lives of the reactions can be calculated and hence the optimum reaction times can be predicted. Difficult sequences are sensed and appropriate action taken completely automatically.
Alternative mechanisms of initiating translation of mammalian mRNAs
Authors: Jackson R.J. 
Published: August 2015

Of all the steps in mRNA translation, initiation is the one that differs most radically between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Not only is there no equivalent of the prokaryotic Shine–Dalgarno rRNA–mRNA interaction, but also what requires only three initiation factor proteins (aggregate size ∼125 kDa) in eubacteria needs at least 28 different polypeptides (aggregate &gt;1600 kDa) in mammalian cells, which is actually larger than the size of the 40 S ribosomal subunit. Translation of the overwhelming majority of mammalian mRNAs occurs by a scanning mechanism, in which the 40 S ribosomal subunit, primed for initiation by the binding of several initiation factors including the eIF2 (eukaryotic initiation factor 2)–GTP–MettRNAi complex, is loaded on the mRNA immediately downstream of the 5′-cap, and then scans the RNA in the 5′→3′ direction. On recognition of (usually) the first AUG triplet via base-pairing with the Met-tRNAi anticodon, scanning ceases, triggering GTP hydrolysis and release of eIF2–GDP. Finally, ribosomal subunit joining and the release of the other initiation factors completes the initiation process. This sketchy outline conceals the fact that the exact mechanism of scanning and the precise roles of the initiation factors remain enigmatic. However, the factor requirements for initiation site selection on some viral IRESs (internal ribosome entry sites/segments) are simpler, and investigations into these IRES-dependent mechanisms (particularly picornavirus, hepatitis C virus and insect dicistrovirus IRESs) have significantly enhanced our understanding of the standard scanning mechanism. This article surveys the various alternative mechanisms of initiation site selection on mammalian (and other eukaryotic) cellular and viral mRNAs, starting from the simplest (in terms of initiation factor requirements) and working towards the most complex, which paradoxically happens to be the reverse order of their discovery.
Are bacteriophage defence and virulence two sides of the same coin in Campylobacter jejuni?
Authors: Louwen Rogier , van Baarlen Peter 
Published: August 2015

The continuous battle for survival in the environment has led to the development or acquisition of sophisticated defence systems in bacteria. These defence systems have contributed to the survival of the bacterial species in the environment for millions of years. Some systems appear to have evolved in a number of pathogenic bacteria towards a role in virulence and host immune evasion. Recently, different bacterial cell envelope components from diverse bacterial species have been linked not only to bacteriophage defence, but also to virulence features. In the present review we focus specifically on the bacterial cell envelope-expressed sialic-acid-containing LOS (lipo-oligosaccharide) structures and Type II CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)–Cas (CRISPR-associated) genes that both occur in specific Gram-negative pathogens. In Campylobacter jejuni circumstantial evidence points at a potential intertwined dual function between sialylated LOS structures and subtype II-C CRISPR–Cas, i.e. in phage defence and virulence. In the present review we discuss whether a dual functionality of sialylated LOS and subtype II-C CRISPR–Cas is exclusive to C. jejuni only or could be more widespread within the group of Type II CRISPR–Cas-harbouring bacteria. We conclude from the literature that, at least in C. jejuni, circumstantial evidence exists for a complex intertwined dual functionality between sialylated LOS and Type II CRISPR–Cas, and that other bacteria show similar genomic signatures.
Electron microscopy studies of Type III CRISPR machines in Sulfolobus solfataricus
Authors: Cannone Giuseppe , Webber-Birungi Mariam , Spagnolo Laura 
Published: August 2015

The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) system is an adaptive immune system that targets viruses and other mobile genetic elements in bacteria and archaea. Cells store information of past infections in their genome in repeat–spacer arrays. After transcription, these arrays are processed into unit-length crRNA (CRISPR RNA) that is loaded into effector complexes encoded by Cas (CRISPR-associated) genes. CRISPR–Cas complexes target invading nucleic acid for degradation. CRISPR effector complexes have been classified into three main types (I–III). Type III effector complexes share the Cas10 subunit. In the present paper, we discuss the structures of the two Type III effector complexes from Sulfolobus solfataricus, SsoCSM (subtype III-A) and SsoCMR (subtype III-B), obtained by electron microscopy and single particle analysis. We also compare these structures with Cascade (CRISPR-associated complex for antiviral defence) and with the RecA nucleoprotein.
Regulation of entry into gametogenesis by Ste11: the endless game
Authors: Anandhakumar Jayamani , Fauquenoy Sylvain , Materne Philippe , Migeot Valérie , Hermand Damien 
Published: August 2015

Sexual reproduction is a fundamental aspect of eukaryotic cells, and a conserved feature of gametogenesis is its dependency on a master regulator. The ste11 gene was isolated more than 20 years ago by the Yamamoto laboratory as a suppressor of the uncontrolled meiosis driven by a pat1 mutant. Numerous studies from this laboratory and others have established the role of the Ste11 transcription factor as the master regulator of the switch between proliferation and differentiation in fission yeast. The transcriptional and post-transcriptional controls of ste11 expression are intricate, but most are not redundant. Whereas the transcriptional controls ensure that the gene is transcribed at a high level only when nutrients are rare, the post-transcriptional controls restrict the ability of Ste11 to function as a transcription factor to the G1-phase of the cell cycle from where the differentiation programme is initiated. Several feedback loops ensure that the cell fate decision is irreversible. The complete panel of molecular mechanisms operating to warrant the timely expression of the ste11 gene and its encoded protein basically mirrors the advances in the understanding of the numerous ways by which gene expression can be modulated.