bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The efficacy of Tripterygium Glycosides in the treatment of Chinese patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Mingzhe , Wei Bingchen , Gao Tianshu , Gao Chenghan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to conduct a systematic review of the effectiveness and safety of Tripterygium Glycosides interventions in the treatment of Chinese patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO).MethodsA literature search was conducted using PubMed for English sources, and the CNKI, Chinese Biomedical Database, Wanfang Database, and VIP Database for Chinese sources. The search period extended from the beginning of the databases’ creation to Dec. 2023. The keywords used in the search were hyperthyroidism, thyroid-related immune orbitopathy (TRIO), ophthalmopathy, and Tripterygium Glycosides. Various combinations of search terms were used, depending on the database being queried. All the trials included in the study were clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs).Results33 RCTs or quasi-RCTs that met the inclusion criteria were included. The meta-analysis included 27 RCTs. 6 RCTs were excluded from the analysis due to the absence of a control group, but they were still included in the systematic review. 27 RCTs or quasi-RCTs involving 2,134 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The TRIO patients in the treatment group received Tripterygium Glycosides in combination with Thiamazole, Prednisone, Levothyroxine sodium, or a combination of these medications. While the TRIO patients in the control group were treated with Thiamazole, Prednisone, Levothyroxine sodium, or a combination of these treatments, the meta-analysis results show that the overall effectiveness rate of the treatment group and the control group wasP= 0.05, I2= 0.33 < 0.5 [MD = 4.45, 95% CI (3.31, 5.99),P< 0. 00001]. The former was significantly superior to the latter. At the same time, a risk assessment was conducted for the study of the 2 groups. The former was significantly superior to the latter. Furthermore, the clinical effectiveness rate of eyeball prominence wasP< 0. 00001, I2= 0.98 > 0.5 [MD = 2.40, 95% CI (2.28, 2.51),P< 0. 00001]. The clinical effectiveness rate of CAS score wasP< 0. 00001, I2= 0.89 > 0.5 [MD = 1.68, 95% CI (1.50, 1.85),P< 0. 00001]. The clinical effectiveness rate of FT3wasP< 0. 00001, I2= 0.98 > 0.5 [MD = 0.95, 95% CI (0.81, 1.08),P< 0. 00001], the clinical effectiveness rate of FT4wasP< 0. 00001, I2= 0.95 > 0.5 [MD = 2.12, 95% CI (1.99, 2.25),P< 0. 00001], and the clinical effectiveness rate of TSH wasP< 0. 00001, I2= 0.89 > 0.5 [MD = −0.19, 95% CI (−0.21, −0.17),P< 0. 00001].ConclusionThe experience with the treatment of TAO using Tripterygium Glycosides was promising. The existing evidence suggests that treatment with Tripterygium Glycosides may be more effective in enhancing the response rate, quality of life, and FT3levels compared to treatment with Prednisone, Levothyroxine sodium, and/or Thiamazole alone.
Islet-antigen reactive B cells display a unique phenotype and BCR repertoire in autoantibody positive and recent-onset type 1 diabetes patients
Authors: Nicholas Catherine A. , Tensun Fatima A. , Evans Spencer A. , Toole Kevin P. , Broncucia Hali , Hesselberth Jay R. , Gottlieb Peter A. , Wells Kristen L. , Smith Mia J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAutoreactive B cells play an important but ill-defined role in autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D). To better understand their contribution, we performed single cell gene and BCR-seq analysis on pancreatic islet antigen-reactive (IAR) B cells from the peripheral blood of nondiabetic (ND), autoantibody positive prediabetic (AAB), and recent-onset T1D individuals. We found that the frequency of IAR B cells was increased in AAB and T1D. IAR B cells from these donors had altered expression of B cell signaling, pro-inflammatory, infection, and antigen processing and presentation genes. Both AAB and T1D donors demonstrated a significant increase in certain heavy and light chain V genes, and these V genes were enriched in islet-reactivity. Public clones of IAR B cells were restricted almost entirely to AAB and T1D donors. IAR B cells were clonally expanded in the autoimmune donors, particularly the AAB group. Notably, a substantial fraction of IAR B cells in AAB and T1D donors appeared to be polyreactive, which was corroborated by analysis of recombinant monoclonal antibodies. These results expand our understanding of autoreactive B cell activation during T1D and identify unique BCR repertoire changes that may serve as biomarkers for increased disease risk.One Sentence SummaryPancreatic islet antigen-reactive B cells from individuals with prediabetes and recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes display a unique phenotype and BCR repertoire compared to non-diabetic donors.
Automatic semantic segmentation of the osseous structures of the paranasal sinuses
Authors: Sun Yichun , Guerrero-López Alejandro , Arias-Londoño Julián D. , Godino-Llorente Juan I. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEndoscopic sinus and skull base surgeries require the use of precise neuronavigation techniques, which may take advantage of accurate delimitation of surrounding structures. This delimitation is critical for robotic-assisted surgery procedures to limit volumes of no resection. In this respect, accurate segmentation of the Osseous Structures surrounding the Paranasal Sinuses (OSPS) is a relevant issue to protect critical anatomic structures during these surgeries. Currently, manual segmentation of these structures is a labour-intensive task and requires expertise, often leading to inconsistencies. This is due to the lack of publicly available automatic models specifically tailored for the automatic delineation of the complex OSPS. To address this gap, we introduce an open-source data/model for the segmentation of these complex structures. The initial model was trained on nine complete ex vivo CT scans of the paranasal region and then improved with semi-supervised learning techniques. When tested on an external data set recorded under different conditions and with various scanners, it achieved a DICE score of 94.82±0.9. These results underscore the effectiveness of the model and its potential for broader research applications. By providing both the dataset and the model publicly available, this work aims to catalyse further research that could improve the precision of clinical interventions of endoscopic sinus and skull-based surgeries.
Scientific note on the potential beneficial effect of 1-octen-3-ol on the survival ofApis melliferachronically exposed to low doses of fipronil
Authors: Fernandes Vincent , Sbaghdi Thania , Suchet Marine , Delbac Frédéric , Blot Nicolas , Bouchard Philippe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFipronil, a non-competitive antagonist of γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABA-Rs), inhibits the flow of chloride ions in the nerve cells, leading to the insect death. In a previous work, the volatolome of bees chronically exposed to this insecticide (0.5 and 1μg/L) was analyzed and characterize theApis melliferametabolic responses. Two Volatile Organic Compounds or VOCs (1-octen-3-ol and 2,6-dimethylcyclohexanol) produced by bee were highlighted. We assumed that these VOCs could act as modulators of the GABA-R to counteract the effect of fipronil. The toxicity of these VOCs was tested on emerging bees for concentrations ranging from 0 to 3.4μg/L. Survival and the sucrose consumption were recorded during 21 days of chronic exposure. 1-octen-3-ol and 2,6-dimethylcyclohexanol did not significantly affect the proportion of survival at the end of the experiment, whatever their concentration. 1-octen-3-ol (0.5, 1, 1.7 and 3.4μg/L) was chosen to assess its effect in the case of co-exposure with fipronil (0.5 and 1μg/L). A beneficial effect on survival at 21 days was observed with an average improvement in survival rate for the co-exposed groups. This positive effect was not related to the VOC concentration and could be a direct effect (interaction with GABA-R) or a hormetic effect (global improvement of bee fitness).
Understanding indirect assortative mating and its intergenerational consequences
Authors: Sunde Hans Fredrik , Eilertsen Espen Moen , Torvik Fartein Ask 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPartners tend to have similar levels of education. Previous studies indicate that this is likely due to some form of indirect assortative mating but there is not a consistent understanding of this process. Understanding indirect assortment is crucial for disentangling genetic and environmental contributions to educational attainment and for improving models of intergenerational transmission. We attribute previous inconsistencies to idiosyncratic models and inconsistent use of relevant terms. In this paper, we develop a new framework for understanding indirect assortative mating and provide updated definitions of key terms. We then develop a model (the iAM-ACE-model) that can use partners of twins and siblings to distinguish the degree of assortment on genetic, social, and individual characteristics. We also expand this model to include children of twins and siblings (the iAM-COTS model), allowing us to explain parent-offspring similarity while accounting for indirect assortative mating and gene-environment correlations. We apply the models on educational attainment using 1,529,144 individuals in 209,792 extended families from Norwegian registry data and the Norwegian Twin Registry. The analysis suggests that partner similarity in educational attainment can be explained by strong assortment on sibling-shared environmental factors. The implied genotypic correlation between partners (r =.33) is comparable to earlier studies, and higher than expected under direct assortment. Most of the parent-offspring correlation (r= .33) was attributable to passive genetic transmission (62%), with the rest attributable to passive environmental transmission (23%) and direct phenotypic transmission (15%). Environmental transmission was estimated lower in alternative models that assumed direct assortment, but these did not fit the data well.
Optimal implementation of genomic selection in clone breeding programs - exemplified in potato: II. Effect of selection strategy and cross-selection method on long-term genetic gain
Authors: Wu Po-Ya , Stich Benjamin , Hartje Stefanie , Muders Katja , Prigge Vanessa , Van Inghelandt Delphine 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTDifferent cross-selection (CS) methods incorporating genomic selection (GS) have been used in diploid species to improve long-term genetic gain and preserve diversity. However, their application to heterozygous and autotetraploid crops such as potato is lacking so far. The objectives of our study were to (i) assess how different CS methods incorporating GS with or without consideration of genetic variability affect both short- and long-term genetic gains compared to strategies using phenotypic selection (PS); (ii) evaluate the changes in genetic variability and the efficiency of converting diversity into genetic gain across different CS methods; and (iii) investigate the interaction effects between different genetic architectures and CS methods on long-term genetic gain. In our simulation results, implementing GS with optimal selection intensities had a higher short- and long-term genetic gain compared to any PS strategy. The CS method considering additive and dominance effects to predict progeny mean based on simulated progenies (MEGV-O) reached the highest long-term genetic gain among the assessed mean-based CS methods. Compared to MEGV-O and usefulness criteria (UC), the linear combination of UC and genome-wide diversity (called EUCD) kept the same level of genetic gain but resulted in a higher diversity and a lower number of fixed QTL. Moreover, EUCD had a relatively high efficiency in converting diversity into genetic gain. However, choosing the most appropriate weight to account for diversity in EUCD depends on the genetic architecture of the target trait and the breeder’s objectives. Our results provide breeders with concrete methods to improve their potato breeding programs.Key messageCross-selection method considering progeny mean performance and genetic variability can improve long-term genetic gain and keep genetic diversity in clone breeding.
Systemic low-dose anti-fibrotic treatment attenuates ovarian aging in the mouse
Authors: Amargant Farners , Vieira Carol , Pritchard Michele T. , Duncan Francesca E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe female reproductive system is one of the first to age in humans, resulting in infertility and endocrine disruptions. The aging ovary assumes a fibro-inflammatory milieu which negatively impacts gamete quantity and quality as well as ovulation. Here we tested whether the systemic delivery of anti-inflammatory (Etanercept) or anti-fibrotic (Pirfenidone) drugs attenuates ovarian aging in mice. We first evaluated the ability of these drugs to decrease the expression of fibro-inflammatory genes in primary ovarian stromal cells. Whereas Etanercept did not blockTnfexpression in ovarian stromal cells, Pirfenidone significantly reducedCol1a1expression. We then tested Pirfenidonein vivowhere the drug was delivered systemically via mini-osmotic pumps for 6-weeks. Pirfenidone mitigated the age-dependent increase in ovarian fibrosis without impacting overall health parameters. Ovarian function was improved in Pirfenidone-treated mice as evidenced by increased follicle and corpora lutea number, AMH levels, and improved estrous cyclicity. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that Pirfenidone treatment resulted in an upregulation of reproductive function-related genes at 8.5 months and a downregulation of inflammatory genes at 12 months of age. These findings demonstrate that reducing the fibroinflammatory ovarian microenvironment improves ovarian function, thereby supporting modulating the ovarian environment as a therapeutic avenue to extend reproductive longevity.
Total neuroelectric brain activity derived from resting-state MEG is invariable across the adult lifespan
Authors: Ustinin Mikhail , Boyko Anna , Rykunov Stanislav 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAgeing of the human brain was studied using large array of experimental data. The magnetic encephalograms and magnetic resonance images of the head were obtained from the open archive CamCAN. Bad data were rejected, then functional tomograms were found - the spatial distribution of elementary spectral components. Physiological noise was eliminated by joint analysis of the functional tomograms and magnetic resonance images. By massively solving the inverse problem, multichannel spectra were transformed into time series of the power of elementary current dipoles. Age-related changes in the electrical power of various brain rhythms were examined. It was found that the summary electrical activity of the brain is constant throughout a person’s life. The electric power is redistributed during the lifetime: delta rhythm is diminishing, giving slow rise to all other rhythms.
Hyperspectral open source imaging system
Authors: Troscianko Jolyon 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe spatial and spectral properties of the light environment underpin the appearance of scenes and objects. As such its measurement is crucial for understanding many aspects of animal behaviour, ecology and evolution, along with many more applications in fields ranging from optical physics, agriculture/plant sciences, human psychophysics, food science, architecture and materials sciences. The escalating threat of artificial light at night (ALAN) presents unique challenges for measuring the visual impact of light pollution, requiring measurement at low light levels across the human-visible and ultraviolet ranges, across all viewing angles, and often with high within-scene contrast.Here I present a hyperspectral open-source imaging system (HOSI), an innovative and low-cost solution for collecting full-field hyperspectral data. The system uses a Hamamatsu C12880MA micro spectrometer to take single-point measurements, together with a motorised gimbal for spatial control. The hardware uses off-the-shelf components and 3D printed parts, costing around £350 in total. The system can run directly from a computer or smartphone with a graphical user interface, making it highly portable and user-friendly.The HOSI system can take panoramic hyperspectral images that meet the difficult requirements of ALAN research, sensitive to low light around 0.001 cd.m-2, across 320-880nm range with spectral resolution of ∼9nm (FWHM) and spatial resolution of ∼0.2 degrees. The independent exposure of each pixel also allows for an extremely wide dynamic range that can encompass typical natural and artificially illuminated scenes, with sample night-time scans achieving peak-to-peak dynamic ranges of >50,000:1.This system’s adaptability, cost-effectiveness, and open-source nature position it as a valuable tool for researchers investigating the complex relationships between light, environment, behaviour, ecology, and biodiversity, with further potential uses in many other fields.
TheDrosophilahematopoietic niche assembles through collective cell migration controlled by neighbor tissues and Slit-Robo signaling
Authors: Nelson Kara A. , Lenhart Kari F. , Anllo Lauren , DiNardo Stephen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNiches are often found in specific positions in tissues relative to the stem cells they support. Consistency of niche position suggests that placement is important for niche function. However, the complexity of most niches has precluded a thorough understanding of how their proper placement is established. To address this, we investigated the formation of a genetically tractable niche, theDrosophilaPosterior Signaling Center (PSC), the assembly of which had not been previously explored. This niche controls hematopoietic progenitors of the lymph gland (LG). PSC cells were previously shown to be specified laterally in the embryo, but ultimately reside dorsally, at the LG posterior. Here, using live-imaging, we show that PSC cells migrate as a tight collective and associate with multiple tissues during their trajectory to the LG posterior. We find that Slit emanating from two extrinsic sources, visceral mesoderm and cardioblasts, is required for the PSC to remain a collective, and for its attachment to cardioblasts during migration. Without proper Slit-Robo signaling, PSC cells disperse, form aberrant contacts, and ultimately fail to reach their stereotypical position near progenitors. Our work characterizes a novel example of niche formation and identifies an extrinsic signaling relay that controls precise niche positioning.Impact StatementA new example of niche formation is provided which reveals the mode of niche cell migration, implicates extrinsic sources that deliver positional information, and uncovers the signaling pathway required for the precise, stereotypical positioning of the niche.
A Novel Role of Hyaluronan and its Membrane Receptors, CD44 and RHAMM in Obesity-Related Glomerulopathy
Authors: Qi Bingxue , Musale Vishal , Weng Xiong , Banah Ayman K. , Murdoch Colin E. , Lay Abigail C. , Heesom Kate J. , Ju Wenjun , Bitzer Markus , Hills Claire , Coward Richard J.M. , Kang Li 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) contributes to diabetic nephropathy and kidney cancer, leading to chronic/end-stage kidney disease. To date, treatments for ORG are limited because of incomplete understanding of the disease pathogenesis. Here, we identified a novel role for hyaluronan (HA) and its membrane receptors, CD44 and RHAMM in obesity-associated renal inflammation, fibrosis, tubular injury, and kidney dysfunction. Pharmacological and genetic ablation of HA, CD44 or RHAMM reversed these renal disorders induced by high fat diet feeding in micein vivo. Increased HA content, and CD44 and RHAMM expression damaged the kidney via activation of TGF-β1/Smad2/3, P38/JNK MAPK and ROCK/ERK pathways. We further established a link between renal insulin resistance and ECM remodelling using human kidney cellsin vitro, shedding mechanistic insight into the role of HA, CD44 and RHAMM in the pathogenesis of ORG. Furthermore, in human kidney biopsies gene expression of CD44 and RHAMM was increased in chronic kidney disease and diabetic nephropathy, and their levels were correlated with markers of kidney (dys)function (GFR, serum creatinine, proteinuria). Our findings provide evidence for HA-CD44/RHAMM as a potential therapeutic target in ORG and consequent prevention of chronic kidney disease.
Adipogenic differentiation of hematopoietic lineage cells isolated from adipose tissue of humans
Authors: Gavin Kathleen M. , Conrad Bogdan , Sullivan Timothy , Vianzon Ruby , Acosta Alistaire S. , Kohrt Wendy M. , Klemm Dwight J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe previously discovered some adipocytes in the major white fat depots of mice and humans arise from bone marrow-derived cells of hematopoietic lineage rather than conventional mesenchymal precursors, termed bone marrow-derived adipocytes (BMDA). Here we aimed to determine if hematopoietic lineage cells isolated from adipose tissue and circulation of humans could undergo adipogenic differentiationin vitro,thereby establishing anin vitromodel for studies of BMDA. We hypothesized that hematopoietic lineage cells isolated from adipose tissue, but not circulation, of humans would demonstrate adipogenic potential. Participants included younger (20-50 years) and older (>50-75 years) men and women, BMI 20-37 kg/m2. Subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue biopsies were obtained and stromal cell populations identified by flow cytometry. Sorted cells underwentin vitrocultivation via traditional mesenchymal culture methodology (mesenchymal lineage) or a novel 3D-fibrin clot followed by traditional adherent culture (hematopoietic lineage) for assessment of proliferation and differentiation capacity. We found hematopoietic lineage cells isolated from the adipose tissue stroma, but not the circulation, were capable of proliferation and multilineage (adipogenic and osteogenic) differentiationin vitro. We provide a new investigative tool that can be used to perform translational studies of BMDAs and provide initial evidence that hematopoietic lineage cells isolated from the adipose tissue of humans can undergo hematopoietic-to-mesenchymal transition with multilineage differentiation potential in anin vitroenvironment.