bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deterioration of solid insulation for thermal degradation of transformer oil
Authors: Karthik R. , Sree Renga Raja T. , Sudhakar T. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Power transformers are the most vital components of power system. Insulation used in power transformers are of insulating fluids and solid insulation system like pressboard, Kraft paper. In this work an effort has been made to investigate the detoriation of solid insulation systems for thermal degradation of transformer oil. The aging degree of solid insulation system is examined through Atomic force Microscope (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques.
Ice-edge detection from Japanese C-band radar and high-frequency radar coastal stations
Authors: Shirasawa K. , Ebuchi N. , Leppäranta M. , Takatsuka T. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA C-band sea-ice radar (SIR) network system was operated to monitor the sea-ice conditions off the Okhotsk Sea coast of northern Hokkaido, Japan, from 1969 to 2004. The system was based on three radar stations, which were capable of continuously monitoring the sea surface as far as 60 km offshore along a 250 km long coastal section. In 2004 the SIR system was closed down and a sea surface monitoring programme was commenced using high-frequency (HF) radar; this system provides information on surface currents in open-water conditions, while areas with ‘no signal’ can be identified as sea ice. The present study compares HF radar data with SIR data to evaluate their feasibility for sea-ice remote sensing. The period of overlapping data was 1.5 months. The results show that HF radar information can be utilized for ice-edge mapping although it cannot fully compensate for the loss of the SIR system. In particular, HF radar does not provide ice concentration, ice roughness and geometrical structures or ice kinematics. The probability of ice-edge detection by HF radar was 0.9 and the correlation of the ice-edge distance between the radars was 0.7.
Spatial distribution characteristics of sea-ice-hazard risk in Bohai, China
Authors: Gu Wei , Liu Chengyu , Yuan Shuai , Li Ning , Chao Jinlong , Li Lantao , Xu Yingjun 
Published: January 2013

AbstractSea-ice hazard causes serious harm to aquaculture, marine navigation, offshore oil production and other activities in the Bohai Sea, China. To study the spatial distribution characteristics of sea-ice-hazard risk in Bohai is therefore desirable. The thickness and area of sea ice in the Bohai Sea during the winters (December–March) of 1987–2011 were estimated using data from the NOAA (US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) satellite. The sea-ice thickness was converted into a sea-ice-hazard index after defining this index, and the different sea-ice-hazard risk grades were classified. The occurrence probability of sea-ice hazard was also calculated using fuzzy risk theory, and the spatial distribution characteristics of sea-ice-hazard risk in the Bohai Sea were studied. The results show that the sea-ice-hazard risk for offshore aquaculture decreased as the offshore distance increased. All the oilfields in Liaodong Bay are influenced by sea-ice hazard, two of the fields in Bohai Bay are slightly affected and the remaining fields are not influenced. The risk for marine navigation is related to the location of the port and the distance from the port. The risk in the port area is the highest; it is reduced by more than 30% at distances 10 km away from the port.
Géographie de la sexualité ou sexualité du géographe ? Quelques leçons autour d'une injonction
Authors: Blidon Marianne 
Published: January 2013

S’il est aujourd’hui admis en épistémologie des sciences sociales que le recours à la réflexivité permet de rendre plus transparents les choix méthodologiques et les opérations de production des connaissances, pour autant certaines pratiques de terrain demeurent extérieures à ces tentatives d’objectivation. L’engagement sexuel et affectif du géographe sur son terrain en est l’exemple le plus emblématique. Considéré comme extérieur au terrain car relevant de l’intimité et de la sphère privée, il demeure largement impensé. Seul le géographe des sexualités fait exception à cette règle et doit faire face à une injonction de vérité ou de transparence du fait même de son objet d’étude. C’est donc à partir de ce champ de la géographie que cet article montre les enjeux de ces questions. La première partie rappelle en quoi consiste la géographie des sexualités tant du point de vue de l’objet que des méthodes. La seconde analyse deux figures archétypiques de l’enquête de terrain : l’observation à couvert et la participation afin d’en montrer les enjeux et les limites. La dernière partie revient sur trois apports de cette géographie.
“Le terrain, c'est moi ?” Reflections on the emergence of the field in translocal research
Authors: Verne Julia 
Published: January 2013

« Le terrain, c’est moi ? » Réflexions sur l’émergence du terrain en recherche des connexions « trans-locales » Le terrain est longtemps resté un champ non questionné et non critiqué de la recherche en géographie. Cependant, au cours des dernières décennies, témoignant d’un intérêt croissant pour les méthodologies qualitatives, les géographes ont commencé à examiner de manière critique la signification de leur terrain, leur travail de recherche, et leur position et leur rôle sur le terrain. De manière générale, le terrain est entendu comme l’endroit spécifique où la recherche empirique est menée, et inclut, ce faisant, l’étude des personnes et des objets qui s’y trouvent. Alors que dans la plupart des cas, le terrain correspond à une région, une ville ou un quartier, l’intérêt récent pour les connections et réseaux « trans-locaux » a non seulement accru l’intérêt pour les recherches multi-sites, mais a également permis d’introduire des méthodologies mobiles ce qui contribue à accroître la difficulté de le définir précisément. Plus qu’un point sur une carte, le terrain correspond à un ensemble complexe de relations, et le définir revient aussi à le créer. Suivant alors les développements de Latour ou Deleuze qui nous incitent à suivre les lignes et les différentes connections établies, mais où faut-il fixer les limites ? En d’autres termes, où situer correctement le centre du réseau ou du rhizome d’une recherche ? Et où doit-on s’arrêter de suivre les réseaux ? Au final, il appartient au chercheur de déterminer la manière de circonscrire son terrain. A l’aide d’exemples tirés de mes propres recherches ethnographiques sur la mobilité, la “translocalité” et les relations commerciales des jeunes Zanzibari, je vais tenter de mettre au jour les différents processus qui sont à l’origine de la création du terrain. Tenant compte des idées de Latour et Deleuze, j’ai comme objectif d’analyser de manière critique les rapports entre la méthodologie, le positionnement du chercheur et la construction du terrain, en essayant d’ouvrir le débat sur le caractère arbitraire du terrain, et sa pertinence pour la production du savoir en géographie.
Le tango argentin : un nouveau mode de lien au monde
Authors: Hatchuel Françoise 
Published: January 2013

Résumé Le présent article tente de montrer comment le tango argentin, danse d’hommes exilés, dans sa dimension à la fois corporelle et rituelle, peut constituer un mode de lien au monde pertinent pour nous aider à penser « l’hypermodernité » et la façon dont elle touche le sujet et son psychisme.
Les responsabilités légales des employeurs à l'égard du suicide en milieu professionnel : le cas de la France
Authors: Chaudat Pierre 
Published: January 2013

Résumé Dans tous les pays occidentaux, la très grande médiatisation du suicide en milieu professionnel observée depuis quelques années a donné un souffle nouveau aux nombreuses problématiques juridiques dans la sphère de l’organisation. Ainsi se posent de plus en plus les questions suivantes : quelles règles juridiques obligent l’employeur à déployer des efforts visant à éviter les cas de suicide associés au travail ? Quels critères juridiques permettent de déterminer que le suicide est lié à l’activité professionnelle ? Qu’appelle-t-on la faute inexcusable ? À quelles sanctions financières s’expose un employeur qui connaît un tel drame dans son entreprise ? Après avoir rappelé les droits et les obligations de l’employeur dans le milieu de travail en France, cet article clarifie les éléments permettant de reconnaître qu’un suicide est lié au travail. Ensuite, il évoque les sanctions auxquelles peut être soumis l’employeur à l’égard de la victime ou des ayants droit. Finalement, des recommandations clés sont proposées aux employeurs de tous les pays afin de prévenir le suicide et d’intervenir adéquatement en cette matière.
La salle des gardes dans les résidences royales françaises
Authors: Viallon Marina 
Published: January 2013

La salle des gardes, ou tout simplement la « salle » comme on l’appelait jusqu’au début du xviie siècle, était la première pièce de l’appartement royal. D’abord salle commune aux usages très variés, elle devint peu à peu l’exclusivité des gardes du corps du roi qui y passaient l’essentiel de leur service lorsque le roi était dans son logis, de jour comme de nuit. Cependant, de par ses vastes dimensions et son rôle symbolique, elle fut parfois utilisée pour des événements exceptionnels de la vie monarchique. Les salles des gardes des souverains étaient étroitement liées à l’étiquette et, pour les autres membres de la Cour, la possession de l’une d’entre elles dans la résidence royale était un privilège et un marqueur social. Néanmoins, la salle des gardes possédait en général un décor plus modeste et un mobilier simple et usuel par rapport aux autres pièces de l’appartement, contrastant totalement avec le rôle symbolique fort que cette pièce et ses gardes représentèrent jusqu’à la fin de l’Ancien Régime.
Reduced Neutrophil Chemotaxis and Infiltration Contributes to Delayed Resolution of Cutaneous Wound Infection with Advanced Age
Authors: Brubaker Aleah L. , Rendon Juan L. , Ramirez Luis , Choudhry Mashkoor A. , Kovacs Elizabeth J. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Advanced age is associated with alterations in innate and adaptive immune responses, which contribute to an increased risk of infection in elderly patients. Coupled with this immune dysfunction, elderly patients demonstrate impaired wound healing with elevated rates of wound dehiscence and chronic wounds. To evaluate how advanced age alters the host immune response to cutaneous wound infection, we developed a murine model of cutaneous Staphylococcus aureus wound infection in young (3–4 mo) and aged (18–20 mo) BALB/c mice. Aged mice exhibit increased bacterial colonization and delayed wound closure over time compared with young mice. These differences were not attributed to alterations in wound neutrophil or macrophage TLR2 or FcγRIII expression, or age-related changes in phagocytic potential and bactericidal activity. To evaluate the role of chemotaxis in our model, we first examined in vivo chemotaxis in the absence of wound injury to KC, a neutrophil chemokine. In response to a s.c. injection of KC, aged mice recruited fewer neutrophils at increasing doses of KC compared with young mice. This paralleled our model of wound infection, where diminished neutrophil and macrophage recruitment was observed in aged mice relative to young mice despite equivalent levels of KC, MIP-2, and MCP-1 chemokine levels at the wound site. This reduced leukocyte accumulation was also associated with lower levels of ICAM-1 in wounds from aged mice at early time points. These age-mediated defects in early neutrophil recruitment may alter the dynamics of the inflammatory phase of wound healing, impacting macrophage recruitment, bacterial clearance, and wound closure.
Cross-Reactive Influenza-Specific Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Antibodies in the Absence of Neutralizing Antibodies
Authors: Jegaskanda Sinthujan , Job Emma R. , Kramski Marit , Laurie Karen , Isitman Gamze , de Rose Robert , Winnall Wendy R. , Stratov Ivan , Brooks Andrew G. , Reading Patrick C. , Kent Stephen J. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
A better understanding of immunity to influenza virus is needed to generate cross-protective vaccines. Engagement of Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) Abs by NK cells leads to killing of virus-infected cells and secretion of antiviral cytokines and chemokines. ADCC Abs may target more conserved influenza virus Ags compared with neutralizing Abs. There has been minimal interest in influenza-specific ADCC in recent decades. In this study, we developed novel assays to assess the specificity and function of influenza-specific ADCC Abs. We found that healthy influenza-seropositive young adults without detectable neutralizing Abs to the hemagglutinin of the 1968 H3N2 influenza strain (A/Aichi/2/1968) almost always had ADCC Abs that triggered NK cell activation and in vitro elimination of influenza-infected human blood and respiratory epithelial cells. Furthermore, we detected ADCC in the absence of neutralization to both the recent H1N1 pandemic strain (A/California/04/2009) as well as the avian H5N1 influenza hemagglutinin (A/Anhui/01/2005). We conclude that there is a remarkable degree of cross-reactivity of influenza-specific ADCC Abs in seropositive humans. Targeting cross-reactive influenza-specific ADCC epitopes by vaccination could lead to improved influenza vaccines.
Beyond leadership: The impact of coworker relationships on employee motivation and intent to stay
Authors: Basford Tessa E , Offermann Lynn R 
Published: January 2013

AbstractRelationships between coworkers are an important, yet understudied, source of influence in people's lives. While psychological research widely supports the significance of peer relationships, too few studies have specifically examined the impact of relationships between coworkers. The present study was designed to add to the small but growing body of research on coworker relations. Drawing from a large sample of service-sector employees, we tested and found support for the hypotheses that positive coworker relationships independently increase employee motivation and intent to stay above and beyond two sources of supervisor support – immediate supervisors and senior managers. We also examined how employee job status moderates these relationships, finding that the impact of coworker relations on intent to stay was stronger for employees in high-status positions. Job status was not shown to moderate the relationship between coworker relations and motivation, with employees at both low- and high-status levels reporting higher motivation when coworker relationships were good.
Localisation, coopérations et développement
Authors: Ben Dhifallah Mohamed Bilel 
Published: January 2013

Les biotechnologies appliquées à la santé humaine s’imposent aujourd’hui comme le nouveau paradigme fondateur des recherches dans le secteur pharmaceutique. Ces nouvelles technologies sont diffusées le plus souvent par des PME créées par des chercheurs issus du monde universitaire. Ces PME constituent de véritables vecteurs de transferts technologiques entre le monde universitaire et l’industrie pharmaceutique. L’évolution de ces PME dépend fortement du nombre de coopérations qu’elles réalisent avec l’ensemble des acteurs présents dans leur milieu d’implantation. Les études empiriques montrent le fort ancrage spatial de la création d’entreprises innovantes dans le domaine des biotechnologies appliquées à la santé humain (BASH). En France, ces PME sont localisées en majorité dans la région Île-de-France. Cette forte concentration des PME de BASH nous pousse à nous interroger sur l’impact de la localisation et des coopérations sur le développement de ces PME de BASH. Cette recherche qui porte sur l’étude de 60 PME de BASH en France tentera d’étudier le rôle modérateur du choix de la localisation dans la relation entre les coopérations et le développement des PME de BASH à travers l’étude des PME de BASH en France. Les résultats obtenus montrent l’importance du rôle modérateur de la localisation dans les relations entre les coopérations avec la recherche universitaire, les coopérations avec l’industrie pharmaceutique et les coopérations avec les autres entreprises de biotechnologies, d’un côté, et le développement des PME de BASH, de l’autre côté.
Solid Catalysts and theirs Application in Biodiesel Production
Authors: Mat Ramli , Samsudin Rubyatul A. , Mohamed Mahadhir , Johari Anwar 
Published: January 2013

The reduction of oil resources and increasing petroleum price has led to the search for alternative fuel from renewable resources such as biodiesel. Currently biodiesel is produced from vegetable oil using liquid catalysts. Replacement of liquid catalysts with solid catalysts would greatly solve the problems associated with expensive separation methods and corrosion problems, yielding to a cleaner product and greatly decreasing the cost of biodiesel production. In this paper, the development of solid catalysts and its catalytic activity are reviewed. Solid catalysts are able to perform trans-esterification and esterification reactions simultaneously and able to convert low quality oils with high amount of Free Fatty Acids. The parameters that effect the production of biodiesel are discussed in this paper. © 2012 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
MoO3/SiO2-ZrO2 Catalyst: Eeffect of Calcination Temperature on Physico-chemical Properties and Activities in Nitration of Toluene
Authors: Kemdeo Sunil M. 
Published: January 2013

12 wt % molybdena was deposited over 1:1 silica zirconia mixed oxide support and the resultant catalyst was calcined between the 500 to 700 oC range of temperature. The samples were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, BET, SEM, NH3-TPD and pyridine adsorbed FT-IR techniques. Nitration of toluene was studied as a model reaction over the prepared catalysts and parameters like effect of reaction temperature, effect of various solvents, catalyst reusability are studied. It was found that conversion of toluene varies with the presence of Brönsted acid sites over the catalyst surface and para-nitrotoulene selectivity is associated with pore size of the catalyst. Over the same catalysts, nitration was extended for some other aromatics. Avoid of sulfuric acid in the present process is an interesting concern in view of green chemistry. © 2012 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
Synthesis and Characterization of Tin (IV) Tungstate Nanoparticles – A Solid Acid Catalyst
Authors: Sadanandan Manoj , Raveendran Beena 
Published: January 2013

Tin (IV) tungstate, a tetravalent metal acid salt was synthesized in the nanoform by chemical coprecipitation method using EDTA as capping agent. The material was found to be stable in mineral acids, bases and organic solvents except in HF and aquaregia. The material was characterized using EDS, TG/DTA, FTIR, XRD, SEM, HRTEM and BET surface area measurement. The molecular formula of the compound is 2SnO2 3WO3.5H2O determined from elemental analysis using TG/DTA. Surface morphology and particle size were obtained using SEM and HRTEM. The surface area was found to be 205-225m2/g. The Na+ exchange capacity found to be 3.8 meq/g, indicates the presence of surface hydroxyl group and hence the presence of Bronsted acid sites. The catalytic activity of the material was tested by using esterification and oxidation as model reactions. For the esterification of different alcohols, the percentage yield was found to be high for n-alcohol compared to isomeric alcohols. Oxidation of benzyl alcohol gives benzaldehyde and benzoic acid as the only products. © 2012 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
Effect of Preparation Methods on Al2O3 Supported CuO-CeO2-ZrO2 Catalysts for CO Oxidation
Authors: Rattan Gaurav , Prasad Ram , Katyal Ramesh C. 
Published: January 2013

To examine the effect of preparation methods, four catalyst samples having same composition (CuCe5.17Zr3.83Ox/g-Al2O3 (15wt%) were prepared by four different methods for CO oxidation. The catalysts were prepared by co-impregnation, citric acid sol-gel, urea nitrate combustion and urea gelation co-precipitation methods, and characterized by BET, XRD, TGA/DSC and SEM. The The air oxidation of CO was carried out in a tubular fixed bed reactor under the following operating conditions: catalyst weight - 100 mg, temperature - ambient to 250 oC, pressure - atmospheric, 2.5% CO in air, total feed rate - 60 ml/min. It was observed that the catalytic activity greatly influenced by the preparation methods. The highest activity of the catalyst prepared by the sol gel method appeared to be associated with its largest BET surface area. All the four catalysts were active for CO oxidation and did not show deactivation of catalytic activity for 50 hours of continuous runs. The ranking order of the preparation methods of the catalyst is as follows: sol-gel > co-impregnation > urea gelation > urea nitrate combustion. © 2012 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
Carbon Dioxide Adsorption by Calcium Zirconate at Higher Temperature
Authors: Kale K. B. , Raskar R. Y. , Rane V. H. , Gaikwad A. G. 
Published: January 2013

The CO2 adsorption by calcium zirconate was explored at pre- and post- combustion temperature condition. The several samples of the calcium zirconate were prepared by different methods such as sol-gel, solid-solid fusion, template and micro-emulsion. The samples of the calcium zirconate were characterized by measurement of surface area, alkalinity/acidity, and recording the XRD patterns and SEM images. The CO2 adsorptions by samples of the calcium zirconate were studied in the temperature range 100 to 850 oC and the CO2 adsorptions were observed in the ranges of 6.88 to 40.6 wt % at 600 0C and 8 to 16.82 wt% at in between the temperatures 200 to 300 oC. The effect of Ca/Zr mol ratio in the samples of the calcium zirconate on the CO2 adsorption and alkalinity were discussed. The adsorbed moisture by the samples of the calcium zirconate was found to be useful for the CO2 adsorption. The promoted the samples of the calcium zirconate by K+, Na+, Rb+, Cs+, Ag+ and La3+ showed the increased CO2 adsorption. The exposure time of CO2 on the samples of the calcium zirconate showed the increased CO2 adsorption. The samples of the calcium zirconate were found to be regenerable and reusable several times for the adsorption of CO2 for at the post- and pre-combustion temperature condition. © 2012 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)