bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayed and asynchronous ganglionic maturation during cephalopod neurogenesis as evidenced by Sof‐elav1 expression in embryos of Sepia officinalis (Mollusca, Cephalopoda)
Authors: Buresi Auxane , Canali Ester , Bonnaud Laure , Baratte Sébastien 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAmong the Lophotrochozoa, centralization of the nervous system reaches an exceptional level of complexity in cephalopods, where the typical molluscan ganglia become highly developed and fuse into hierarchized lobes. It is known that ganglionic primordia initially emerge early and simultaneously during cephalopod embryogenesis but no data exist on the process of neuron differentiation in this group. We searched for members of the elav/hu family in the cuttlefish Sepia officinalis, since they are one of the first genetic markers of postmitotic neural cells. Two paralogs were identified and the expression of the most neural‐specific gene, Sof‐elav1, was characterized during embryogenesis. Sof‐elav1 is expressed in all ganglia at one time of development, which provides the first genetic map of neurogenesis in a cephalopod. Our results unexpectedly revealed that Sof‐elav1 expression is not similar and not coordinated in all the prospective ganglia. Both palliovisceral ganglia show extensive Sof‐elav1 expression soon after emergence, showing that most of their cells differentiate into neurons at an early stage. On the contrary, other ganglia, and especially both cerebral ganglia that contribute to the main parts of the brain learning centers, show a late extensive Sof‐elav1 expression. These delayed expressions in ganglia suggest that most ganglionic cells retain their proliferative capacities and postpone differentiation. In other molluscs, where a larval nervous system predates the development of the definitive adult nervous system, cerebral ganglia are among the first to mature. Thus, such a difference may constitute a cue in understanding the peculiar brain evolution in cephalopods. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:1482–1496, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synaptic alterations in the rTg4510 mouse model of tauopathy
Authors: Kopeikina Katherine J. , Polydoro Manuela , Tai Hwan‐Ching , Yaeger Erich , Carlson George A. , Pitstick Rose , Hyman Bradley T. , Spires‐Jones Tara L. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSynapse loss, rather than the hallmark amyloid‐β (Aβ) plaques or tau‐filled neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), is considered the most predictive pathological feature associated with cognitive status in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. The role of Aβ in synapse loss is well established, but despite data linking tau to synaptic function, the role of tau in synapse loss remains largely undetermined. Here we test the hypothesis that human mutant P301L tau overexpression in a mouse model (rTg4510) will lead to age‐dependent synaptic loss and dysfunction. Using array tomography and two methods of quantification (automated, threshold‐based counting and a manual stereology‐based technique) we demonstrate that overall synapse density is maintained in the neuropil, implicating synapse loss commensurate with the cortical atrophy known to occur in this model. Multiphoton in vivo imaging reveals close to 30% loss of apical dendritic spines of individual pyramidal neurons, suggesting these cells may be particularly vulnerable to tau‐induced degeneration. Postmortem, we confirm the presence of tau in dendritic spines of rTg4510‐YFP mouse brain by array tomography. These data implicate tau‐induced loss of a subset of synapses that may be accompanied by compensatory increases in other synaptic subtypes, thereby preserving overall synapse density. Biochemical fractionation of synaptosomes from rTg4510 brain demonstrates a significant decrease in expression of several synaptic proteins, suggesting a functional deficit of remaining synapses in the rTg4510 brain. Together, these data show morphological and biochemical synaptic consequences in response to tau overexpression in the rTg4510 mouse model. J. Comp. Neurol., 521:1334–1353, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
3D model of frequency representation in the cochlear nucleus of the CBA/J mouse
Authors: Muniak Michael A. , Rivas Alejandro , Montey Karen L. , May Bradford J. , Francis Howard W. , Ryugo David K. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe relationship between structure and function is an invaluable context with which to explore biological mechanisms of normal and dysfunctional hearing. The systematic and topographic representation of frequency originates at the cochlea, and is retained throughout much of the central auditory system. The cochlear nucleus (CN), which initiates all ascending auditory pathways, represents an essential link for understanding frequency organization. A model of the CN that maps frequency representation in 3D would facilitate investigations of possible frequency specializations and pathologic changes that disturb frequency organization. Toward this goal, we reconstructed in 3D the trajectories of labeled auditory nerve (AN) fibers following multiunit recordings and dye injections in the anteroventral CN of the CBA/J mouse. We observed that each injection produced a continuous sheet of labeled AN fibers. Individual cases were normalized to a template using 3D alignment procedures that revealed a systematic and tonotopic arrangement of AN fibers in each subdivision with a clear indication of isofrequency laminae. The combined dataset was used to mathematically derive a 3D quantitative map of frequency organization throughout the entire volume of the CN. This model, available online (http://3D.ryugolab.com/), can serve as a tool for quantitatively testing hypotheses concerning frequency and location in the CN. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:1510–1532, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
First‐Principles Calculations on Electronic Structures of N/V‐Doped and N‐V‐Dodoped Anatase TiO2 (101) Surfaces
Authors: Zhao Zongyan , Li Zhaosheng , Zou Zhigang 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe energetic and electronic properties of N/V‐doped and N‐V‐codoped anatase TiO2 (101) surfaces are investigated by first‐principles calculations, with the aim to elucidate the relationship between the electronic structure and the photocatalytic performance of N‐V‐codoped TiO2. Several substitutional and interstitial configurations for the N and/or V impurities in the bulk phase and on the surface are studied, and the relative stability of different doping configurations is compared by the impurity formation energy. Systematic calculations reveal that N and V impurities can be encapsulated by TiO2 to form stable structures as a result of strong N‐V interactions both in the bulk and the surface model. Through analyzing and comparing the electronic structures of different doping systems, the synergistic doping effects are discussed in detail. Based on these discussions, we suggest that NOVTi codoping cannot only narrow the band gap of anatase TiO2, but also forms impurity states, which are propitious for the separation of photoexcited electron–hole pairs. In the case of NOVTi‐codoped TiO2 (101) surfaces, this phenomenon is especially prominent. Finally, a feasible synthesis route for NOVTi codoping into anatase TiO2 is proposed.
Anion–π Interactions Involving [MXn]m−Anions: A Comprehensive Theoretical Study
Authors: Estarellas Carolina , Quiñonero David , Deyà Pere M. , Frontera Antonio 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIn this manuscript we perform a systematic study on the geometric and energetic features of anion–π complexes, wherein the anion is a metal complex of variable shapes and charges. Such a study is lacking in the literature. For the calculations we used the ab initio RI‐MP2/def2‐TZVPP level of theory. A search in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) provides the experimental starting point that inspired the subsequent theoretical study. The influence of [MXn]m−on the anion–π interaction was analyzed in terms of energetic, geometric, and charge transfer properties and Bader′s theory of “atom‐in‐molecules” (AIM). The binding energy depends on the coordination index, geometric features and different orientations adopted by the metallic anion. The binding mode resembling a stacking interaction for linear, trigonal planar and square‐planar anions is the most favorable. For tetrahedral and octahedral anions the most favorable orientation is the one with three halogen atoms pointing to the ring.
Distribution Function of Spatial Derivative of the Ion Electric Microfield Using the Independent Particles Model in Plasmas
Authors: Guerricha S. , Chihi S. , Meftah M. T. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIn this work the distribution function of spatial derivative of parallel component of quasistatic ion electric microfield in plasma is calculated. Some physical approximations are used in these calculations, where only interactions between charged emitter and perturber ions are taken into account, as first step. This approximation is known as the independent particles model. Some special functions and series are used in these calculations. It is deduced that the distribution function of spatial derivative of the ion microfield may be depend more on the probability of finding the microfield rather than the microfield value itself (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A Biosensor for Aromatic Aldehydes Comprising the Mediator Dependent PaoABC‐Aldehyde Oxidoreductase
Authors: Badalyan Artavazd , Neumann‐Schaal Meina , Leimkühler Silke , Wollenberger Ulla 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA novel aldehyde oxidoreductase (PaoABC) from Escherichia coli was utilized for the development of an oxygen insensitive biosensor for benzaldehyde. The enzyme was immobilized in polyvinyl alcohol and currents were measured for aldehyde oxidation with different one and two electron mediators with the highest sensitivity for benzaldehyde in the presence of hexacyanoferrate(III). The benzaldehyde biosensor was optimized with respect to mediator concentration, enzyme loading and pH using potassium hexacyanoferrate(III). The linear measuring range is between 0.5–200 µM benzaldehyde. In correspondence with the substrate selectivity of the enzyme in solution the biosensor revealed a preference for aromatic aldehydes and less effective conversion of aliphatic aldehydes. The biosensor is oxygen independent, which is a particularly attractive feature for application. The biosensor can be applied to detect contaminations with benzaldehyde in solvents such as benzyl alcohol, where traces of benzaldehyde in benzyl alcohol down to 0.0042 % can be detected.
Modulation of mutagenesis in eukaryotes by DNA replication fork dynamics and quality of nucleotide pools
Authors: Waisertreiger Irina S.‐R. , Liston Victoria G. , Menezes Miriam R. , Kim Hyun‐Min , Lobachev Kirill S. , Stepchenkova Elena I. , Tahirov Tahir H. , Rogozin Igor B. , Pavlov Youri I. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe rate of mutations in eukaryotes depends on a plethora of factors and is not immediately derived from the fidelity of DNA polymerases (Pols). Replication of chromosomes containing the anti‐parallel strands of duplex DNA occurs through the copying of leading and lagging strand templates by a trio of Pols α, δ and ϵ, with the assistance of Pol ζ and Y‐family Pols at difficult DNA template structures or sites of DNA damage. The parameters of the synthesis at a given location are dictated by the quality and quantity of nucleotides in the pools, replication fork architecture, transcription status, regulation of Pol switches, and structure of chromatin. The result of these transactions is a subject of survey and editing by DNA repair. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The impact of managers' perceptions of learning organizations on innovation in healthcare: sample of Turkey
Authors: Ugurluoglu Ozgur , Ugurluoglu Aldogan Ece , Dilmac Elife 
Published: October 2012

SUMMARYOrganizational learning is the process of increasing effective organizational activities through knowledge and understanding. Innovation is the creation of any product, service or process, which is new to a business unit. Significant amount of research on organizational learning place a central meaning on the fact that there is a positive relationship between organizational learning and innovation. Both organizational learning and innovation are essential for organizations to prepare for change. The aim of this study is to determine to what extent the identified learning organization dimensions are associated with innovation.The study used a quantitative non‐experimental design employing statistical analysis via multiple regression and correlation methods to identify the relationships between the variables examined. Because the research was conducted in a non‐experimental way, learning organization dimensions are referred to as predictor variables, and innovation is referred to as the criterion variable. Watkins and Marsick's Dimensions of the Learning Organization Questionnaire was used in the study. Questionnaires were distributed to 498 hospital managers and, 243 valid responses were used in this study. Therefore, 243 hospital managers working at 250 Ministry of Health (public) hospitals across Turkey participated in the study.Results demonstrate that there are significant and positive correlations between learning organization dimensions and innovation. Intercorrelations between learning organization dimensions and correlations between learning organization dimensions and innovation were average and high, respectively. Results further indicate that the dimensions of the learning organizations explained 66.5% of the variance for the innovation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
“Diagnosing” Saudi health reforms: is NHIS the right “prescription”?
Authors: Al‐Sharqi Omar Zayan , Abdullah Muhammad Tanweer 
Published: October 2012

SUMMARYThis paper outlines the health context of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). It reviews health systems development in the KSA from 1925 through to contemporary New Health Insurance System (NHIS). It also examines the consistency of NHIS in view of the emerging challenges. This paper identifies the determinants and scope of contextual consistency. First, it indicates the need to evolve an indigenous, integrated, and comprehensive insurance system. Second, it highlights the access and equity gaps in service delivery across the rural and remote regions and suggests how to bring these under insurance coverage. Third, it suggests how inputs from both the public and private sectors should be harmonized – the “quality” of services in the private healthcare industry to be regulated by the state and international standards, its scope to be determined primarily by open‐market dynamics and the public sector welfare‐model to ensure “access” of all to essential health services. Fourth, it states the need to implement an evidence‐based public health policy and bridge inherent gaps in policy design and personal‐level lifestyles. Fifth, it points out the need to produce a viable infrastructure for health insurance. Because social research and critical reviews in the KSA health scenario are rare, this paper offers insights into the mainstream challenges of NHIS implementation and identifies the inherent weaknesses that need attention. It guides health policy makers, economists, planners, healthcare service managers, and even the insurance businesses, and points to key directions for similar research in future. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immunogenic cell death biomarkers HMGB1, RAGE, and DNAse indicate response to radioembolization therapy and prognosis in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Fahmueller Yvonne Nadine , Nagel Dorothea , Hoffmann Ralf‐Thorsten , Tatsch Klaus , Jakobs Tobias , Stieber Petra , Holdenrieder Stefan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractRadioembolization therapy (RE) is an efficient locoregional treatment for liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Serum biomarkers involved in immunogenic cell death are potentially valuable for early predicting therapy response and estimating prognosis. In a prospective observation study, blood samples were taken from 49 consecutive colorectal cancer patients with extensive hepatic metastases before, 24 and 48 hr after RE. Serum levels of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), receptor of glycation end products (RAGE) and activity of desoxyribonuclease were compared with response to therapy regularly determined radiologically 3 months after therapy and with overall survival. Serum levels of HMGB1 were increased already 24 hr after RE, while RAGE levels were decreased and DNAse remained unchanged. In radiological staging, 35 patients demonstrated disease progression while 14 patients had stable disease or remission. Serum HMGB1 levels 24 hr after RE were significantly higher in progressive than in nonprogressive patients while for RAGE and DNAse no difference was observed between the response groups. Concerning overall survival, high pretherapeutic (0 hr) and 24 hr levels of HMGB1 were associated with poor outcome. Multivariate analysis including HMGB1, tumor, liver and inflammation markers revealed HMGB1 and CRP as independent prognostic parameters. HMGB1 is a valuable serum biomarker for early estimation of therapy response and prognosis in colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases undergoing RE therapy.
Predictions of survival up to 10 years after diagnosis for European women with breast cancer in 2000–2002
Authors: Allemani Claudia , Minicozzi Pamela , Berrino Franco , Bastiaannet Esther , Gavin Anna , Galceran Jaume , Ameijide Alberto , Siesling Sabine , Mangone Lucia , Ardanaz Eva , Hédelin Guy , Mateos Antonio , Micheli Andrea , Sant Milena ,   the EUROCARE Working Group
Published: October 2012

AbstractFew studies have addressed longer‐term survival for breast cancer in European women. We have made predictions of 10‐year survival for European women diagnosed with breast cancer in 2000–2002. Data for 114,312 adult women (15–99 years) diagnosed with a first primary malignant cancer of the breast during 2000–2002 were collected in the EUROCARE‐4 study from 24 population‐based cancer registries in 14 European countries. We estimated relative survival at 1, 5, and 10 years after diagnosis for women who were alive at some point during 2000–2002, using the period approach. We also estimated 10‐year survival conditional on survival to 1 and 5 years after diagnosis. Ten‐year survival exceeded 70% in most regions, but was only 54% in Eastern Europe, with the highest value in Northern Europe (about 75%). Ten‐year survival conditional on survival for 1 year was 2–6% higher than 10‐year survival in all European regions, and geographic differences were smaller. Ten‐year survival for women who survived at least 5 years was 88% overall, with the lowest figure in Eastern Europe (79%) and the highest in the UK (91%). Women aged 50–69 years had higher overall survival than older and younger women (79%). Six cancer registries had adequate information on stage at diagnosis; in these jurisdictions, 10‐year survival was 89% for local, 62% for regional and 10% for metastatic disease. Data on stage are not collected routinely or consistently, yet these data are essential for meaningful comparison of population‐based survival, which provides vital information for improving breast cancer control.
Oral benzo[a]pyrene in Cyp1a1/1b1(–/–) double‐knockout mice: Microarray analysis during squamous cell carcinoma formation in preputial gland duct
Authors: Gálvez‐Peralta Marina , Shi Zhanquan , Chen Jing , Miller Marian L. , Nebert Daniel W. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBenzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a prototypical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) found in combustion processes. Cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1B1 enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP1B1) and other enzymes can activate PAHs to reactive oxygenated intermediates involved in mutagenesis and tumor initiation; also, CYP1 enzymes can detoxify PAHs. Cyp1(+/+) wild‐type (WT) and Cyp1b1(–/–) knockout mice receiving oral BaP (12.5 mg/kg/day) remain healthy for >12 months. In contrast, we found that global knockout of the Cyp1a1 gene (1a1KO) results in proximal small intestine (PSI) adenocarcinoma within 8–12 weeks on this BaP regimen; striking compensatory increases in PSI CYP1B1 likely participate in initiation of adenocarcinoma in 1a1KO mice. Cyp1a1/1b1(–/–) double‐knockout (DKO) mice on this BaP regimen show no PSI adenocarcinoma, but instead preputial gland duct (PGD) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) occurs by 12 weeks. Herein, we compare microarray expression of PGD genes in WT, 1a1KO and DKO mice at 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of oral BaP; about four dozen genes up‐ or down‐regulated during most critical time‐points were further verified by qRT‐PCR. In DKO mice, CYP3A59 was unequivocally identified as the BaP‐inducible and BaP‐metabolizing best candidate responsible for initiation of BaP‐induced SCC. Striking increases or decreases were found in 26 cancer‐related genes plus eight Serpin genes in DKO, but not in 1a1KO or WT, mice on this BaP regimen; of the 26, 8 were RAS‐related oncogenes. The mechanism by which cancer‐related genes are responsible for SCC tumor progression in the PGD remains to be elucidated.
P‐157L: Late‐News Poster: Cover Glass for Mobile Devices
Authors: Hayashi Kazutaka , Akiba Shusaku , Sakagami Takahiro , Sawamura Shigeki , Nakashima Tetsuya , Ohkawa Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2012

AbstractFracture modes of cover glass of smartphones and tablet PCs were determined through fracture analysis. As a result, evaluation methods corresponding to two dominant fracture modes, edge fracture and surface fracture, were determined. Finally a guideline of chemical strengthening parameters for mobile display cover glass was proposed. Newly developed glass which is suitable for the guideline was introduced.
Absence of genotoxic effects of the coumarin derivative 4‐methylesculetin in vivo and its potential chemoprevention against doxorubicin‐induced DNA damage
Authors: Fedato Rafael Palhano , Maistro Edson Luis 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT4‐Methylesculetin (4‐ME) is a synthetic derivative of coumarin that displays a potent reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger and metal chelating agent and therefore has been produced to help reduce the risk of human disease. The main objective of this study was to investigate the in vivo genotoxicity of 4‐ME and initially to verify its potential antigenotoxicity on doxorubicin (DXR)‐induced DNA damage. Different doses of 4‐ME (500, 1000 and 2000 mg kg–1 body weight) were administered by gavage only or with a simultaneous intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of DXR (80 mg kg–1). The following endpoints were analyzed: DNA damage in peripheral blood, liver, bone marrow, brain and testicle cells according to an alkaline (pH > 13) comet assay and micronucleus induction in bone marrow cells. Cytotoxicity was assessed by scoring polychromatic (PCE) and normochromatic (NCE) erythrocytes (PCE/NCE ratio). No differences were observed between the negative control and the groups treated with a 4‐ME dose for any of the endpoints analyzed, indicating that it lacks genotoxic and cytotoxic effects. Moreover, 4‐ME demonstrated protective effects against DXR‐induced DNA damage at all tested doses and in all analyzed cell types, which ranged from 34.1% to 93.3% in the comet assay and 54.4% to 65.9% in the micronucleus test. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.