bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory control and decision making under risk in bulimia nervosa and binge‐eating disorder
Authors: Wu Mudan , Giel Katrin Elisabeth , Skunde Mandy , Schag Kathrin , Rudofsky Gottfried , de Zwaan Martina , Zipfel Stephan , Herzog Wolfgang , Friederich Hans‐Christoph 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate neuropsychological mechanisms of impulsivity in patients with bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge‐eating disorder (BED).MethodNineteen BN patients and 31 age‐ and body‐mass‐index (BMI)‐matched healthy controls (c‐BN) as well as 54 overweight and obese BED patients and 43 age‐ and BMI‐matched healthy controls (c‐BED) were investigated using an inhibitory control task (stop signal task, SST) and a decision‐making under risk task (game of dice task, GDT).ResultsCompared to c‐BN, BN patients demonstrated significant greater stop signal reaction times in the SST, but no differences for the frequency of risky decisions in the GDT. BED patients did not differ from c‐BED in the SST or the GDT.DiscussionBN but not BED patients differed from their respective control groups concerning the “stopping” component of impulsivity. These differences in motor inhibition may contribute to the behavioral distinctions in binge‐eating behavior between BN and BED. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013; 46:721–728)
Genetic structure of the white‐footed mouse in the context of the emergence of Lyme disease in southern Québec
Authors: Rogic Anita , Tessier Nathalie , Legendre Pierre , Lapointe François‐Joseph , Millien Virginie 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe white‐footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) has expanded its northern limit into southern Québec over the last few decades.P. leucopusis a great disperser and colonizer and is of particular interest because it is considered a primary reservoir for the spirochete bacterium that causes Lyme disease. There is no current information on the gene flow between mouse populations on the mountains and forest fragments found scattered throughout the Montérégie region in southern Québec, and whether various landscape barriers have an effect on their dispersal. We conducted a population genetics analysis on elevenP. leucopuspopulations using eleven microsatellite markers and showed that isolation by distance was weak, yet barriers were effective. The agricultural matrix had the least effect on gene flow, whereas highways and main rivers were effective barriers. The abundance of ticks collected from mice varied within the study area. Both ticks and mice were screened for the presence of the spirochete bacteriumBorrelia burgdorferi, and we predicted areas of greater risk for Lyme disease. Merging our results with ongoing Lyme disease surveillance programs will help determine the future threat of this disease in Québec, and will contribute toward disease prevention and management strategies throughout fragmented landscapes in southern Canada.
Integrating airborne and multi‐temporal long‐range terrestrial laser scanning with total station measurements for mapping and monitoring a compound slow moving rock slide
Authors: Corsini Alessandro , Castagnetti Cristina , Bertacchini Eleonora , Rivola Riccardo , Ronchetti Francesco , Capra Alessandro 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTA slow moving compound rock slide located in the northern Apennines of Italy was mapped and monitored through the integration of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS), multi‐temporal long‐range Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS), and Automated Total Station (ATS) measurements. Landslide features were mapped using a High Resolution Digital Terrain Model (HR‐DTM) obtained by merging ALS and TLS data in an Iterative Closest Point (ICP) procedure. Slope movements in the order of centimeters to a few decimeters were quantified with Differential TLS (D‐TLS) based on a Surface Matching approach and supported by ATS data to define stable reference surfaces. The integrated approach allowed mapping of the composite geomorphic features of the rock slide under examination, revealing its complex dynamic nature and further proving that laser scanning is a versatile and widely applicable tool for slope process analysis. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selective biodegradation of naphthenic acids and a probable link between mixture profiles and aquatic toxicity
Authors: Toor Navdeep S. , Han Xiumei , Franz Eric , MacKinnon Michael D. , Martin Jonathan W. , Liber Karsten 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

The toxicity of oil sands process-affected waters (OSPW) from the Athabasca Oil Sands (AOS) in northern Alberta, Canada, is related to a relatively persistent group of dissolved organic acids known as naphthenic acids (NAs). Naphthenic acids are a complex mixture of carboxylic acids, with a general formula CnH2n+ZO2, where n indicates the carbon number and Z specifies the number of rings in the molecule. The present study is the first to evaluate the potential for the selective biodegradation of NAs and the associated reduction in aquatic toxicity of 2 OSPWs, maintained under 2 different hydraulic retention times and increased nutrient availability (nitrate and phosphate), using flow-through laboratory wetland microcosms over a 52-wk test period. High-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time of flight–mass spectrometry analysis was used to track the changes in NA mixture profiles, or “fingerprints,” in each treatment over time. Based on first-order degradation kinetics, more rapid degradation was observed for NAs that had lower carbon numbers and fewer degrees of cyclization (NA congeners with carbon numbers 11–16 and Z series –2 to –4; half-lives between 19 and 28 wk). Within the NA mixture fingerprints, the 2 most persistent groups of homologues were also identified (NAs with carbon numbers 17–20 and Z series –6 to –12; half-lives between 37 and 52 wk). The persistence of this group of NAs may aid in explaining the residual chronic toxicological response as measured by the Microtox bioassay (effective concentration for 20%), after the degradation of the more labile fractions of NA mixtures in OSPW. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2207–2216. © 2013 SETAC
A necrodane monoterpenoid from Lavandula luisieri essential oil as a cell‐permeable inhibitor of BACE‐1, the β‐secretase in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Videira Rita , Castanheira Pedro , Grãos Mário , Salgueiro Lígia , Faro Carlos , Cavaleiro Carlos 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTOne of the most important features in Alzheimer's disease is the generation and deposition of neurotoxic β‐amyloid peptide (Aβ). The inhibition of BACE‐1, a key enzyme in Aβ formation, is considered a promising therapeutic alternative for this disease. Natural products from plants have been extensively used as memory enhancers and in dementia therapy, mostly as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. The low molecular weight and high hydrophobicity of terpenoids are properties that provide a good chance for them to cross cellular membranes and the blood–brain barrier, an essential attribute for BACE‐1 inhibition in vivo. In this study, several essential oils were screened for their inhibitory activity on BACE‐1. One of them, the essential oil from Lavandula luisieri, was signalized as inhibiting the enzyme. Moreover, this oil was tested on the endogenous BACE‐1 in cultured cells, being responsible for a reduction in Aβ production, with no significant toxicity. The essential oil was characterized by a combination of gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry data, showing high contents of oxygen‐containing monoterpenes, mainly necrodane derivatives, which are absent from any other oil. We also describe the bio‐guided fractionation of the oil, as well as tests of the constituents on recombinant BACE‐1 and on a cell line. The main inhibitory activity was assigned to the monoterpenic ketone 2,3,4,4‐tetramethyl‐5‐methylene‐cyclopent‐2‐enone, one of the distinctive components of L. luisieri essential oil. Taken together, these results showed that this essential oil and its components inhibited BACE‐1 activity, both in enzymatic and cellular assays, thus presenting the ability to permeate cell membranes, a novel finding in Alzheimer's drug research. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Detection and enantiomeric distribution of 2‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐3‐hexanone and 3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐2‐hexanone in commercial eucalyptus honey
Authors: Liu Yong‐guo , Sun Bao‐guo , Tian Hong‐yu , Huang Tian‐ge , Zhi Lei‐qiang , Jin Jie , Huang Yan‐mei 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT2‐Hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐3‐hexanone and 3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐2‐hexanone have been reported as biomarkers for eucalyptus honey. The extracts of eight types of commercial eucalyptus honey products from Australia, Italy and Spain were analysed to detect the presence and the enantiomeric distribution of these two markers using GC‐MS and chiral GC‐MS. The racemic and optically active standards were synthesized by oxidation or asymmetric oxidation of the corresponding silyl enol ethers. Four honey samples were found to contain these two compounds. 2‐Hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐3‐hexanone and 3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐2‐hexanone were present in these eucalyptus samples in enantiomer‐enriched form with the (S)‐configuration as the major configuration in most cases. The ee values range from 7.2% to 44.4%. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determining olivine composition of basaltic dunes in Gale Crater, Mars, from orbit: Awaiting ground truth from Curiosity
Authors: Lane Melissa D. , Christensen Philip R. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe successful landing of the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover in Gale Crater, Mars, presents a rare opportunity for validation of a spectral index developed for determining olivine chemistry from orbital midinfrared remote‐sensing data. Here, a spectral index is developed using laboratory emissivity data of 13 synthetic Mg‐Fe olivines. Utilizing this spectral index, a prediction of olivine composition (~Fo55 ± 5) is made from orbital data for a NE‐SW trending dune field near the Curiosity rover. This dune field will be crossed during the mission as the rover travels toward a ~5 km‐high sediment stack (Mount Sharp) that contains orbitally detected clays and sulfates. Curiosity can use its instrument suite (ChemMin, Alpha Particle X‐ray Spectrometer, ChemCam) when it reaches the dunes to verify or refute the olivine‐chemistry prediction presented here. The ability to validate the developed spectral index using the rover's ground‐truth instruments will strengthen olivine‐chemistry mapping across the Martian surface using this spectral index.
Large three‐dimensional ellipsoid sphere‐shaped structure of electrostatic solitary waves in the terrestrial bow shock under condition of Ωce/ωpe < < 1
Authors: Li S. Y. , Zhang S. F. , Cai H. , Deng X. H. , Chen X. Q. , Zhou M. , Yang H. B. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractSeveral cases of short‐time durational large‐amplitude three‐dimensional (3‐D) electrostatic solitary waves (ESWs) are observed within the transition layer of the terrestrial bow shock by THEMIS/E. Their pulse width is small (0.8–2 ms), but the amplitude is large (greater than 100 mV/m), suggesting a very strong potential drop. Two character angles (θ1 and θ2) are defined to describe the 3‐D characteristics of the ESWs, and it returns results as 76° > θ1 > 27° and 70° > θ2 > 20°, suggesting that the electron potential holes are mainly in 3‐D ellipsoid sphere‐shaped structure, including “pancake‐shaped” structure and “sphere‐shaped” structure. None of the theories commonly used to describe ESWs adequately address these pancake‐shaped and sphere‐shaped three‐dimensional structures observed in the terrestrial bow shock, where ωce < < ωpe in a weak magnetized plasma. The observation of large three‐dimensional ESWs with different spatial structures during small time interval suggests anisotropic distribution of electric potentials and presents evidence of complex wave fluctuation within the bow shock.
Different input and output properties characterize parvalbumin‐positive basket and Axo‐axonic cells in the hippocampal CA3 subfield
Authors: Papp Orsolya I. , Karlócai Mária R. , Tóth Irén E. , Freund Tamás F. , Hájos Norbert 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTIn the hippocampus, parvalbumin‐expressing basket (BC) and axo‐axonic cells (AAC) show different discharge patterns during distinct network states, but the cellular mechanisms underlying these differences are not well understood. Using whole‐cell patch‐clamp techniques, we investigated the single‐cell properties and excitatory synaptic features of anatomically identified BCs and AACs in the CA3 region of mouse hippocampal slices. The results showed that BCs had lower threshold for action potential (AP) generation and lower input resistance, narrower AP and afterhyperpolarization than AACs. In addition, BCs fired with higher frequencies and with more modest accommodation compared with AACs. The kinetic properties of excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSC), the rectification of AMPA receptor‐mediated currents, the fraction of the NMDA receptor‐mediated component in EPSCs, and the EPSC magnitude necessary to evoke an AP were similar in both cell types. However, smaller excitatory postsynaptic potential and lower intensity fiber stimulation in stratum oriens was necessary to drive firing in BCs. Moreover, the rate of spontaneous EPSCs in BCs was higher than in AACs. Neurolucida analysis revealed that the dendrites of BCs in strata radiatum and oriens were longer and more extensively ramified. Since the density of the excitatory synapses was estimated to be comparable in both cell types, we conclude that the more elaborated dendritic arbor of BCs ensures that they receive a larger number of proximal excitatory inputs. Thus, CA3 pyramidal cells more profoundly innervate BCs than AACs, which could explain, at least in part, their distinct spiking behavior under different hippocampal network activities. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Memory reconsolidation allows the consolidation of a concomitant weak learning through a synaptic tagging and capture mechanism
Authors: Cassini Lindsey F. , Sierra Rodrigo O. , Haubrich Josué , Crestani Ana P. , Santana Fabiana , de Oliveira Alvares Lucas , Quillfeldt Jorge A. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTMotivated by the synaptic tagging and capture (STC) hypothesis, it was recently shown that a weak learning, only able to produce short‐term memory (STM), can succeed in establishing long‐term memory (LTM) with a concomitant, stronger experience. This is consistent with the capture, by the first‐tagged event, of the so‐called plasticity‐related proteins (PRPs) provided by the second one. Here, we describe how a concomitant session of reactivation/reconsolidation of a stronger, contextual fear conditioning (CFC) memory, allowed LTM to result from a weak spatial object recognition (wSOR) training. Consistent with an STC process, the effect was observed only during a critical time window and was dependent on the CFC reconsolidation‐related protein synthesis. Retrieval by itself (without reconsolidation) did not have the same promoting effect. We also found that the inactivation of the NMDA receptor by AP5 prevented wSOR training to receive this support of CFC reconsolidation (supposedly through the production of PRPs), which may be the equivalent of blocking the setting of a learning tag in the dorsal CA1 region for that task. Furthermore, either a Water Maze reconsolidation, or a CFC extinction session, allowed the formation of wSOR‐LTM. These results suggest for the first time that a reconsolidation session can promote the consolidation of a concomitant weak learning through a probable STC mechanism. These findings allow new insights concerning the influence of reconsolidation in the acquisition of memories of otherwise unrelated events during daily life situations. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Iron deficiency with or without anemia impairs prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex
Authors: Pisansky Marc T. , Wickham Robert J. , Su Jianjun , Fretham Stephanie , Yuan Li‐Lian , Sun Mu , Gewirtz Jonathan C. , Georgieff Michael K. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTIron deficiency (ID) during early life causes long‐lasting detrimental cognitive sequelae, many of which are linked to alterations in hippocampus function, dopamine synthesis, and the modulation of dopaminergic circuitry by the hippocampus. These same features have been implicated in the origins of schizophrenia, a neuropsychiatric disorder with significant cognitive impairments. Deficits in sensorimotor gating represent a reliable endophenotype of schizophrenia that can be measured by prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex. Using two rodent model systems, we investigated the influence of early‐life ID on PPI in adulthood. To isolate the role of hippocampal iron in PPI, our mouse model utilized a timed (embryonic day 18.5), hippocampus‐specific knockout of Slc11a2, a gene coding an important regulator of cellular iron uptake, the divalent metal transport type 1 protein (DMT‐1). Our second model used a classic rat dietary‐based global ID during gestation, a condition that closely mimics human gestational ID anemia (IDA). Both models exhibited impaired PPI in adulthood. Furthermore, our DMT‐1 knockout model displayed reduced long‐term potentiation (LTP) and elevated paired‐pulse facilitation (PPF), electrophysiological results consistent with previous findings in the IDA rat model. These results, in combination with previous findings demonstrating impaired hippocampus functioning and altered dopaminergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission, suggest that iron availability within the hippocampus is critical for the neurodevelopmental processes underlying sensorimotor gating. Ultimately, evidence of reduced PPI in both of our models may offer insights into the roles of fetal ID and the hippocampus in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Duloxetine use in chronic painful conditions – individual patient data responder analysis
Authors: Moore R.A. , Cai N. , Skljarevski V. , Tölle T. R. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundDuloxetine has been studied in four distinct chronic pain conditions – osteoarthritis (OA), fibromyalgia, chronic low back pain (CLBP) and diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP). These trials have involved large numbers of patients with at least moderate pain, and have used similar methods for recording pain intensity, over about 12 weeks.MethodsData from the trials were pooled according to painful condition, and reanalysed at the level of the individual patient and using increasing levels of pain intensity reduction (<15%, 15–29%, 30–49%, ≥50%), with different imputation methods on withdrawal.ResultsThe proportion of patients recording at least 50% pain intensity reduction plateaued after 2–6 weeks in fibromyalgia, and 8–12 weeks in other conditions. The duloxetine‐specific benefit [number needed to treat (NNT) for at least 50% pain intensity reduction] was fairly constant after about 2 weeks for DPNP and fibromyalgia and after about 4 or 5 weeks for OA and CLBP. In all conditions, responses were bimodal, with patients generally experiencing either very good or very poor pain relief. Last‐observation‐carried‐forward imputation produced numerically and occasionally statistically better (lower) NNTs than use of baseline‐observation‐carried‐forward (true response).ConclusionsBaseline‐observation‐carried‐forward (true response), which combines the success of high levels of pain relief with the failure to experience pain relief on withdrawal of the drug is conservative and probably reflective of clinical practice experience. The distribution of effect was not normal; few patients had the average response and averages are not an appropriate descriptor for these data.
Vertical bone augmentation procedures: Basics and techniques in dental implantology
Authors: Draenert F. G. , Huetzen D. , Neff A. , Mueller W. E. G. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAn appropriate bony situation is essential for dental implant placement and bony support of soft tissues (pink esthetic). Loss of teeth often results in complex horizontal and vertical alveolar ridge defects. They demand advanced bone augmentation techniques for reconstruction. We present the different techniques and materials used in complex bone augmentation. Clinical cases show the application of the methods in the clinical setting. We present current techniques and materials used in complex bone augmentations. Clinical cases show the application of the methods in the clinical setting. Applied techniques include stabilized‐guided bone regeneration (GBR), autologous local block augmentation, modified techniques such as Gellrich shell technique including piezosurgery, pelvic bone blocks, complex materials such as graft‐derived bone blocks and their unique handling problems. Successful basic principles are reduction of cortical bone healing due to long remodeling time and possible late loss; extended application of materials with interconnecting porous system and particulate material resulting in fast healing analogous to cancellous bone; mechanical stabilization of the augmentation to allow bony healing in vertical defect situations. GBR and autologous bone blocks with minimal cortical thickness and a high volume of particulated material are most favorable techniques. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 1605–1613, 2014.
One‐dimensional patterning of cells in silicone wells via compression‐induced fracture
Authors: Dixon Angela R. , Moraes Christopher , Csete Marie E. , Thouless M. D. , Philbert Martin A. , Takayama Shuichi 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe have adapted our existing compression‐induced fracture technology to cell culture studies by generating linear patterns on a complex cell culture well structure rather than on simple solid constructs. We present a simple method to create one‐dimensional (1D), submicron, and linear patterns of extracellular matrix on a multilayer silicone material. We identified critical design parameters necessary to optimize compression‐induced fracture patterning on the wells, and applied stresses using compression Hoffman clamps. Finite‐element analyses show that the incorporation of the well improves stress homogeneity (stress variation = 25%), and, thus, crack uniformity over the patterned region. Notably, a shallow well with a thick base (vs. deeper wells with thinner bases) reduces out‐of‐plane deflections by greater than a sixth in the cell culture region, improving clarity for optical imaging. The comparison of cellular and nuclear shape indices of a neuroblast line cultured on patterned 1D lines and unpatterned 2D surfaces reveals significant differences in cellular morphology, which could impact many cellular functions. Because 1D cell cultures recapitulate many important phenotypical traits of 3D cell cultures, our culture system offers a simple means to further study the relationship between 1D and 3D cell culture environments, without demanding expensive engineering techniques and expertise. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 1361–1369, 2014.