bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Our Practice Is Our Passion: Development and Delivery of a 21st-Century Doctor of Public Health Program
Authors: DeBate Rita D. , Petersen Donna J. , Wathington Deanna , Wolfe-Quintero Kate 
Published: February 2015

Twenty-first century advances have significantly altered the functions of public health professionals, resulting in a need for advanced level training in community health leadership and practice-oriented research without interruption of professional careers. We present an example of an innovative Doctor of Public Health (DrPH) program developed at the University of South Florida College of Public Health. This program incorporates 21st century public health competencies within a competency-based curricular model, delivered in a hybrid format (fall or spring online delivery and a 1-week face-to-face summer institute) in collaboration between academic and practice-based public health professionals at local and national levels. This revised competency-based program is an example of how to meet the needs of the 21st century public health practitioners while maintaining their connections to the practice world.
Anticipating Change, Sparking Innovation: Framing the Future
Authors: Petersen Donna J. , Finnegan John R. , Spencer Harrison C. 
Published: February 2015

As the 100th anniversary of the 1915 Welch-Rose report approaches, the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health (ASPPH) has been pursuing two initiatives to spark innovation in academic partnerships for enhancing population health: (1) Framing the Future: The Second 100 Years of Education for Public Health and (2) Reconnecting Public Health and Care Delivery to Improve the Health of Populations. We describe how ASPPH-member schools and programs accredited by the Council on Education for Public Health, along with their extraordinarily diverse array of partners, are working to improve education that better prepares health professionals to meet 21st-century population health needs.
Redefining Leadership Education in Graduate Public Health Programs: Prioritization, Focus, and Guiding Principles
Authors: Lachance Jennifer A. , Oxendine Jeffrey S. 
Published: February 2015

Public health program graduates need leadership skills to be effective in the complex, changing public health environment. We propose a new paradigm for schools of public health in which technical and leadership skills have equal priority as core competencies for graduate students. Leadership education should focus on the foundational skills necessary to effect change independent of formal authority, with activities offered at varying levels of intensity to engage different students. Leadership development initiatives should be practice based, process focused, interdisciplinary, diversity based, adaptive, experimental, innovative, and empowering, and they should encourage authenticity. Leadership training in graduate programs will help lay the groundwork for public health professionals to have an immediate impact in the workforce and to prioritize continuous leadership development throughout their careers.
Bridging Graduate Education in Public Health and the Liberal Arts
Authors: Aelion C. Marjorie , Gubrium Aline C. , Aulino Felicity , Krause Elizabeth L. , Leatherman Thomas L. 
Published: February 2015

The University of Massachusetts Amherst is part of Five-Colleges Inc, a consortium that includes the university and four liberal arts colleges. Consortium faculty from the School of Public Health and Health Sciences at the university and from the colleges are working to bridge liberal arts with public health graduate education. We outline four key themes guiding this effort and exemplary curricular tools for innovative community-based and multidisciplinary academic and research programs. The structure of the consortium has created a novel trajectory for student learning and engagement, with important ramifications for pedagogy and professional practice in public health. We show how graduate public health education and liberal arts can, and must, work in tandem to transform public health practice in the 21st century.
Keeping the “Public” in Schools of Public Health
Authors: Freudenberg Nicholas , Klitzman Susan , Diamond Catherine , El-Mohandes Ayman 
Published: February 2015

In this article, we compared the characteristics of public and private accredited public health training programs. We analyzed the distinct opportunities and challenges that publicly funded schools of public health face in preparing the nation’s public health workforce. Using our experience in creating a new, collaborative public school of public health in the nation’s largest urban public university system, we described efforts to use our public status and mission to develop new approaches to educating a workforce that meets the health needs of our region and contributes to the goal of reducing health inequalities. Finally, we considered policies that could protect and strengthen the distinct contributions that public schools of public health make to improving population health and reducing health inequalities.
Meta‐Analysis of Wheat QTL Regions Associated with Adaptation to Drought and Heat Stress
Authors: Acuña‐Galindo M. Andrea , Mason R. Esten , Subramanian Nithya K. , Hays Dirk B. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTDrought and heat are the two most important environmental constraints to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production globally and are predicted to become more severe with global climate change. A number of recent studies have reported quantitative trait loci (QTL) for yield and agronomic traits in drought and heat‐stressed environments and for physiological traits that contribute to improved performance under stress. The objective of this study was to perform a meta‐analysis of reported QTL to identify meta‐QTL (MQTL) associated with adaptation to drought and heat stress. In the studies analyzed, QTL were reported for 81 different traits across a range of environments including both field and controlled experiments. A total of 854 individual QTL were reported, with 502 associated with drought stress, 234 with heat stress, and 118 with physiological traits in nonstressed environments. Individual QTL clustered into 66 MQTL regions distributed throughout the genome. There were 43 MQTL that co‐localized for both drought and heat stress, 20 specific for drought stress, 2 specific for heat stress, and 1 MQTL specific for physiological traits in nonstressed environments. Quantitative trait loci for plant height, days to maturity, kernel weight, spike density, and canopy temperature were most significantly associated with QTL for yield. Integration of 137 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for heat‐ and drought‐responsive candidate genes identified 50 SNPs within MQTL confidence intervals, including genes involved in sugar metabolism, scavenging of reactive oxygen species, and abscisic‐acid‐induced stomatal closure. Identified MQTL and candidate genes can be targeted for future studies and genetic improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in wheat.
Evaluation of Seed Persistence in Cow Cockle
Authors: Duddu Hema S.N. , Johnson Eric N. , Blackshaw Robert E. , Shirtliffe Steven J. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTCow cockle [Vaccaria hispanica (P. Mill.) Rauschert] is an introduced summer annual weed in North America and has been investigated as a potential crop for the Canadian prairies. Seed persistence contributes to volunteers in subsequent crops; therefore, it is undesirable in this prospective crop. To determine whether cow cockle is persistent and forms a seed bank, two comparative experiments (field and laboratory) were conducted from 2008 through 2011. In the field, seedling recruitment and residual seed bank were measured for a cultivated and a weedy cow cockle population under spring and zero‐tillage systems. In the lab, seeds of 15 populations were rapidly aged at elevated temperature and relative humidity (45°C and 60% RH). The time taken in aging days for viability to fall to 50% (p50) was used to determine relative seed longevity. In the field study, the weedy population had higher seedling emergence and a larger residual seed bank in most locations. Populations did not differ in the size of the seed bank under spring tillage, whereas a larger soil seed bank of weedy population was observed in no‐till treatments. In the lab, the populations showed considerable differences in seed longevity. Although the cultivated population showed less seed persistence compared to the weedy population, both field and laboratory studies suggested that a considerable amount of seed of the cultivated population persists in the soil even after 3 yr; and this may pose some concerns for the production of cow cockle as a crop in the Canada.
Sequencing of an Anthracnose‐Resistant Sorghum Genotype and Mapping of a Major QTL Reveal Strong Candidate Genes for Anthracnose Resistance
Authors: Burrell A. Millie , Sharma Arun , Patil Nikhil Y. , Collins S. Delroy , Anderson William F. , Rooney William L. , Klein Patricia E. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTAnthracnose, caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum sublineolum Henn. ex. Sacc. and Trotter 1913, is an economically damaging disease of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] in hot and humid production regions of the world. Control of anthracnose is almost exclusively through the use of genetic resistance. To further elucidate genetic resistance to anthracnose, a recombinant inbred line population derived from the cross of BTx623 (susceptible) and SC748‐5 (resistant) was created. A linkage map was constructed using 117 F5 individuals that were genotyped using Digital Genotyping, a genotyping‐by‐sequencing method developed specifically for C4 grasses, on an Illumina GAIIx. The linkage map consists of 619 single nucleotide polymorphism markers and three microsatellites with a total map length of 1269.9 cM. The population was phenotyped for anthracnose in four different environments. Using both composite interval mapping and inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM), one major quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 5 was consistently identified as the source of anthracnose resistance in all environments. Sequencing genomic DNA from SC748‐5 and comparison to BTx623 genomic sequence revealed numerous amino acid changes in annotated disease‐resistance genes located in the area under the anthracnose QTL. This suggests that the genetic architecture for anthracnose resistance in SC748‐5 is not under the control of one gene but, more likely, a linkage block containing several resistance genes.
Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking Mushroom Shape Demarcation Line Profile After Limited Bowman’s Membrane Removal by Phototherapeutic Keratectomy
Authors: Kymionis George D , Grentzelos Michael A , Klados Nektarios E , Xanthopoulou Niki A , Paraskevopoulos Theodore A , Detorakis Efstathios T 
Published: February 2015

Purpose :To report a corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) mushroom shape demarcation line profile after limited Bowman’s membrane removal by phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK).Methods :Case report.Results :A twenty-one-year-old male with progressive keratoconus underwent mechanical epithelial debridement (at an 8.5 mm zone) followed by PTK (at a 5.0 mm zone and in a 10 μm depth) and CXL. No intra- or early postoperative complications were found. Evaluation of the corneal stromal demarcation line depth using anterior segment optical coherence tomography revealed a mushroom shape profile.Conclusion :It seems that removal of the Bowman’s layer leads to greater depth of the corneal stromal demarcation line.
Adsorption of 2,4‐Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid from an Aqueous Solution on Fly Ash
Authors: Kuśmierek Krzysztof , Świątkowski Andrzej 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACT: The adsorption of 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D) on fly ash was studied. The effects of adsorbent dose, contact time, pH, ionic strength, and temperature on the adsorption were investigated. Adsorption kinetic data were analyzed using pseudo‐first and pseudo‐second order models, and results showed that adsorption kinetics were better represented by the pseudo‐second order model. Adsorption isotherms of 2,4‐D on fly ash were analyzed using the Freundlich and Langmuir models. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS°) indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. The negative values of ΔG° and the positive value of ΔH° indicate the spontaneous nature of 2,4‐D adsorption on fly ash, and that the adsorption process was endothermic. Results showed that fly ash is an efficient, low‐cost adsorbent for removal of 2,4‐D from water.
Health Information Seeking and Implications for the Operative Dentist
Authors: Walker K 
Published: February 2015

SUMMARYThe steady increase in online health information seeking by patients is ingrained in central notions of patient-centered care and shared decision-making models reflected in operative dentistry and the healthcare industry at large. More patients today seek health information prior to an appointment, communicate their findings with their providers, and expect two-way communication exchanges. This e-consumer trend has many implications for operative dentistry, for which surgery, by its very nature, lends to a confluence of questioning and informational needs. Operative dentists must acknowledge patient information and be prepared to address the breadth of information brought to them. The purpose of this literature review is threefold: 1) to provide the operative dentist with information about the demographics, psychology, and behavior of today's e-health patient; 2) to provide a review of the benefits and challenges of communicating with e-health patients; and 3) to provide recommendations for communicating with e-patients interpersonally and through Internet communication. In so doing, it is hoped that discussion can provide insight useful for improving provider/patient relationships in the progressive communication era.
Effect of flunixin meglumine and firocoxib on ex vivo cyclooxygenase activity in horses undergoing elective surgery
Authors: Duz Marco , Parkin Tim D. , Cullander Rose M. , Marshall John F. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate ex vivo cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition and compare in vitro and ex vivo COX-1 inhibition by flunixin meglumine and firocoxib in horses.
ANIMALS 4 healthy horses for in vitro experiments and 12 healthy horses (6 males and 6 females; 5 Thoroughbreds, 5 Warmbloods, and 2 ponies) undergoing elective surgery for ex vivo experiments.
PROCEDURES 12 horses received flunixin meglumine (1.1 mg/kg, IV, q 12 h) or firocoxib (0.09 mg/kg, IV, q 24 h). Blood samples were collected before (baseline) and 2 and 24 hours after NSAID administration. Prostanoids (thromboxane B2, prostaglandin E2, and prostaglandin E metabolites) served as indicators of COX activity, and serum drug concentrations were measured by use of high-performance liquid chromatography. An in vitro coagulation-induced thromboxane B2 assay was used to calculate drug concentration-COX-1 inhibition curves. Effect of time and treatment on COX activity was determined. Agreement between in vitro and ex vivo measurement of COX activity was assessed with Bland-Altman analysis.
RESULTS At 2 and 24 hours after NSAID administration, COX-1 activity was reduced, compared with baseline activity, for the flunixin meglumine group only and relative COX-1 activity was significantly greater for the firocoxib group, compared with that for the flunixin meglumine group. There was no significant change in COX-2 activity after surgery for either group. Bland-Altman analysis revealed poor agreement between in vitro and ex vivo measurement of COX-1 activity.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Compared with flunixin meglumine, firocoxib had COX-1-sparing effects ex vivo in equine patients that underwent elective surgery.
Evaluation of hepatic contrast enhancement with a hepatocyte-specific magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent (gadoxetic acid) in healthy dogs
Authors: Bratton Alexandra K. , Nykamp Stephanie G. , Gibson Thomas W. G. , Cruz-Arámbulo Robert , Kruth Stephen A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine, by means of MRI, the time to maximal contrast enhancement in T1-weighted images following IV administration of gadoxetic acid in healthy dogs and assess the impact of gadoxetic acid on the signal intensity of T2-weighted images.
ANIMALS 7 healthy dogs.
PROCEDURES No hepatic abnormalities were detected during ultrasonographic examination. Each dog was anesthetized and positioned in dorsal recumbency for MRI. Transverse T1- and T2-weighted images of the liver were acquired prior to and following (at 5-minute intervals) IV injection of 0.1 mL of gadoxetic acid/kg. Signal intensity of the liver parenchyma was measured in 3 regions of interest in the T1- and T2-weighted images before and at various times point after contrast agent administration. Time versus signal-to-noise ratio curves were plotted to determine time to maximal contrast enhancement and contrast agent–related changes in signal intensity in T2-weighted images.
RESULTS Analysis of T1-weighted images revealed that mean ± SD time to maximal enhancement after gadoxetic acid injection was 10.5 ± 3.99 minutes. Signal intensity of T2-weighted images was not significantly affected by gadoxetic acid administration. No injection-related adverse effects were observed in any dog.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that gadoxetic acid can be used for hepatic MRI in healthy dogs and the resultant hepatic enhancement patterns are similar to those described for humans. Maximal contrast enhancement occurred between 10 and 15 minutes after contrast agent injection; thus, T2-weighted images may be obtained in the interval between injection and maximal enhancement for a more time-efficient clinical protocol.
Systemic absorption and adverse ocular and systemic effects after topical ophthalmic administration of 0.1% diclofenac to healthy cats
Authors: Hsu Kimberly K. , Pinard Chantale L. , Johnson Ron J. , Allen Dana G. , KuKanich Butch K. , Nykamp Stephanie G. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify plasma concentrations and determine adverse ocular, renal, or hepatic effects associated with repeated topical ophthalmic application of 0.1% diclofenac to healthy cats.
ANIMALS 8 healthy sexually intact male cats.
PROCEDURES A randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study was conducted. A topical formulation of 0.1% diclofenac was administered 4 times/d for 7 days to 4 cats, and artificial tear (control) solution was administered to the other 4 cats. After a 12-day washout period, cats received the other treatment. Ophthalmic examinations were performed daily. Plasma samples were obtained on days 1 and 7 for pharmacokinetic analysis. A CBC, serum biochemical analysis, urinalysis, determination of urine protein-to-creatinine ratio, and determination of glomerular filtration rate were performed before the start of the study and after each 7-day treatment period.
RESULTS Mild conjunctival hyperemia was the only adverse ocular effect detected. Maximal drug concentration and area under the curve were significantly higher on day 7 than on day 1. Diclofenac-treated cats had a significantly lower glomerular filtration rate than did control-treated cats after the second but not after the first treatment period, presumably associated with iatrogenic hypovolemia.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Topical ophthalmic administration of 0.1% diclofenac was well tolerated in healthy cats, with only mild signs of ocular irritation. Detectable systemic concentrations of diclofenac were achieved with accumulation over 7 days. Systemic absorption of diclofenac may be associated with reduced glomerular filtration rate, particularly in volume-contracted animals. Topical ophthalmic 0.1% diclofenac should be used with caution in volume-contracted or systemically ill cats.
Comparison of the protective effect of a commercially available western diamondback rattlesnake toxoid vaccine for dogs against envenomation of mice with western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox), northern Pacific rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus oreganus), and southern Pacific rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus helleri) venom
Authors: Cates Charles C. , Valore Erika V. , Couto Marcelo A. , Lawson Gregory W. , McCabe James G. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate effectiveness of a commercially available toxoid manufactured from western diamondback (WD) rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) venom against envenomation of mice with WD, northern Pacific (NP) rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus oreganus), and southern Pacific (SP) rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus helleri) venom.
ANIMALS 90 specific pathogen–free female mice.
PROCEDURES Mice were allocated into 3 cohorts (30 mice/cohort). Mice received SC injections of C atrox toxoid (CAT) vaccine (n = 15/group) or adjuvant (15/group) at day 0 and again at 4 weeks. At 8 weeks, mice were challenge-exposed with 1 of 3 venoms. Survival until 48 hours was evaluated by use of log-rank analysis of survival curves and the z test for proportions.
RESULTS 6 of 15 WD-challenged CAT-vaccinated mice, 3 of 15 NP-challenged CAT-vaccinated mice, and 0 of 15 SP-challenged CAT-vaccinated mice survived until 48 hours. All adjuvant-only vaccinates survived ≤ 21 hours. Mean survival time of CAT vaccinates was longer than that of adjuvant-only vaccinates for all venoms (1,311 vs 368 minutes for WD, 842 vs 284 minutes for NP, and 697 vs 585 minutes for SP). Results of the z test indicated a significantly increased survival rate for vaccinates exposed to WD rattlesnake venom but not for vaccinates exposed to NP or SP rattlesnake venom. Log-rank analysis revealed a significant difference between survival curves of vaccinated versus unvaccinated mice exposed to NP but not WD or SP venom.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE CAT vaccination improved survival rate and survival time after challenge exposure with WD rattlesnake venom and may offer limited protection against NP rattlesnake venom but did not provide significant cross-protection against SP rattlesnake venom.
La spiritualité en soins palliatifs adultes en Europe : une recherche de littérature
Authors: Meuli Vania , Zulian Gilbert 
Published: February 2015

La spiritualité est un thème important en médecine et soins palliatifs. De nombreux chercheurs se sont penchés sur sa définition, son importance pour les patients en fin de vie, la possibilité d’une prise en charge dans le cadre de soins holistiques. La spiritualité est intrinsèquement liée à la culture. Ce travail est une recherche de la littérature médicale européenne sur le thème de la spiritualité en soins palliatifs chez l’adulte. Les auteurs s’intéressent à la définition, aux besoins, aux outils d’évaluation et aux soins spirituels grâce à des recherches principalement qualitatives. Les patients concernés sont le plus souvent atteints de cancer. Il en ressort que la spiritualité est une question complexe qui est loin d’avoir dévoilé tous ses mystères. Elle est généralement définie comme : 1) une expérience relationnelle et dynamique (relation à soi, aux autres, à Dieu) ; 2) une recherche de sens et de buts dans la vie et 3) une transcendance. Les chercheurs ne sont pas encore parvenus à un consensus international sur sa définition, les besoins des patients ou les soins spirituels à prodiguer. Pourtant, une volonté commune de repenser la philosophie des soins dans une direction holistique, basée sur la relation soignant-soigné et centrée sur la personne au-delà de sa pathologie, émerge de manière à permettre la poursuite des travaux de recherche.