bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and development of an azo dye‐based ultra‐sensitive chemosensor for the ubiquitous organic anion in aqueous solutions
Authors: Tavallali Hossein , Ostovar Mastaneh , Parhami Abolfath , Karimi Mohammad Ali 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOxalate plays a crucial role in various biological and industrial applications. Its involvement in diseases, drug‐ and toxin‐induced disorders, and disruption of industrial processes makes it a high‐priority chemical for the development of more precise, selective, and straightforward analytical methods. Herein, an innovative and efficient strategy for sequentially measuring Cu2+ and oxalate ions is reported. During an indicator displacement process, where Cu2+ and azo dye, ArsenazoIII (AAIII), are used as receiver and indicator, respectively, oxalate (C2O42−) is measured by a colorimetric method. Proof of concept results from UV–visible spectroscopy, naked eye, and signal reset of the indicator revealed a more robust interaction of the Cu2+ receptor with C2O42− than the AAIII indicator with high selectivity, good sensitivity, and lower detection limit(4.01 × 10−8 and 3.04 × 10−9mol L−1, for Cu2+ and C2O42−, respectively). The results of measuring C2O42− in actual samples (urine, mushrooms, and spinach) showed the applicability of the existing method. Most importantly, the colorimetric system based on molecular exchange in the indicator dislocation proceeding can serve as a colorimetric INHIBIT logic‐gate. It works like a molecular keypad lock system that can be controlled by two users with two different sets of chemical passwords (inputs) that can be identified through optical paths.
Liver dysfunction in adults with COVID‐19 infection: A longitudinal study with transient elastography evaluation
Authors: Rajaram Ruveena Bhavani , Jayaraman Thevaraajan , Khoo Xin‐Hui , Saravanaa Nalliah , Kukreja Anjanna , Johari Bushra Megat , Fareeda Muhammad Gowdh Nadia , Lee Wai‐Kin , Sooi Choong‐Yeong , Basri Sazali , Ng Rong‐Xiang , Ong Hang‐Cheng , Wong Pui‐Li , Syed Omar Sharifah Faridah , Mahadeva Sanjiv 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and AimAbnormal liver biochemistry (ALB) is common among patients with COVID‐19 infection due to various factors. It is uncertain if it persists after the acute infection. We aimed to investigate this.MethodsA multicenter study of adult patients hospitalized for COVID‐19 infection, with at least a single abnormal liver function test, was conducted. Detailed laboratory and imaging tests, including transabdominal ultrasound and FibroScan, were performed at assessment and at 6‐month follow‐up after hospital discharge.ResultsFrom an initial cohort of 1246 patients who were hospitalized, 731 (58.7%) had ALB. A total of 174/731 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria with the following characteristics: 48.9% patients had severe COVID‐19; 62.1% had chronic liver disease (CLD); and 56.9% had metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). ALB was predominantly of a mixed pattern (67.8%). Among those (55.2%) who had liver injury (aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase >3 times the upper limit of normal, or alkaline phosphatase/γ‐glutamyl transferase/bilirubin >2 times the upper limit of normal), a mixed pattern was similarly predominant. Approximately 52.3% had normalization of the liver lunction test in the 6‐month period post discharge. Patients with persistent ALB had significantly higher mean body mass index (BMI) and serum low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), higher rates of MAFLD and CLD, higher mean liver stiffness measurement and continuous attenuated parameter score on FibroScan, and higher rates of liver injury on univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis was not statistically significant.ConclusionsApproximately 47.7% of COVID‐19 patients were found to have persistent ALB up to 6 months following the acute infection, and it was associated with raised BMI, elevated serum LDL, increased rates of MAFLD and CLD, and higher rates of liver injury on univariate analysis, but not on multivariate analysis.
Selinexor in combination with dexamethasone with or without bortezomib in heavily pretreated multiple myeloma: A case series
Authors: Aung Nini , Bowers Margaret , Brearton Gillian , Charlton Andrew , Craig Joanne , Cullis Jonathan , Dang Ray , Donaldson David , Drake Mary , Hall Rachel , Parkins Elizabeth , Tighe Jane , Bygrave Ceri , Sheehy Oonagh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis report describes the characteristics and outcomes of 18 heavily pretreated patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who were subsequently treated with selinexor. This is a case series of 18 patients with MM who were treated with selinexor and dexamethasone (Sd) or selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (SVd) in 12 hospitals in the UK between 2019 and 2021. Eight patients received Sd and 10 patients received SVd. Patients received a median of five prior treatment lines, including immunomodulatory agents in 94% and proteasome inhibitors in 94%. Ten patients (55%) had triple‐class refractory disease. Six of the 12 evaluable patients achieved ≥partial response. The median progression‐free survival was 5.6 months, which was higher with SVd (5.7 months) than with Sd (2.1 months). The results support a treatment benefit of selinexor in heavily pretreated patients and support the notion that selinexor may overcome resistance to prior therapies, with no new safety concerns arising.
Real‐world outcomes of patients with relapsed/refractory large B‐cell lymphoma receiving second‐line therapy in England
Authors: Fox Christopher P. , Townsend William , Gribben John G. , Menne Tobias , Kalakonda Nagesh , Williams Paula , Toron Farah , Tyas Emma , Cooper Miranda , Rickards Joshua , Radford John 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAutologous stem‐cell transplantation (ASCT) is standard therapy for relapsed/refractory large B‐cell lymphoma (R/R LBCL), but many patients are either ineligible or unable to receive it. This retrospective study characterized outcomes in R/R LBCL, delineated by eligibility for, and receipt of, ASCT. Median progression‐free survival (PFS) and event‐free survival (EFS) for patients undergoing ASCT were 35.2 and 31.6 months (overall survival [OS] not reached). Median PFS, EFS, and OS were 4.3, 4.3, and 6.9 months for ineligible patients, and 2.7, 2.6, and 9.4 months for those eligible for but unable to receive ASCT. This highlights an unmet need for alternative therapies in patients unable to receive ASCT.
Acute myeloid leukemia presenting with hepatic dysfunction: Should induction be dose reduced?
Authors: Maharaj Satish , Chang Simone 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe combination of de novo hepatic dysfunction and AML in a medically fit patient presents an unusual predicament. Cases present with obstructive jaundice and imaging typically shows diffuse hepatosplenomegaly, with some cases visualizing myeloid sarcomas causing biliary ductal dilatation. Guidelines for use of anthracyclines in hepatic dysfunction recommend dose reduction based on bilirubin blood levels, either to 50% or even omitting anthracycline. Randomized data however has shown that reduction of anthracycline in AML induction decreases overall survival and lowers remission rate. This case suggests, along withthe literature reviewed, that some medically fit patients with hepatic dysfunction benefit from and tolerate intensive induction therapy well without toxicity.
Peak vertical ground reaction force used to identify sub‐groups of individuals with differing biomechanical gait profiles post‐anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Collins Katherine , Lisee Caroline , Bjornsen Elizabeth , Armitano‐Lago Cortney , Buck Ashley , Büttner Christin , Blackburn Troy , Schwartz Todd A. , Favoreto Natália , Spang Jeffrey T. , Franz Jason R. , Pietrosimone Brian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLesser peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) has been widely reported among individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Peak vGRF remains less than uninjured controls and relatively stable during the first year following ACLR. However, it is unknown whether there are subgroups of individuals exhibiting consistently greater peak vGRF in the first 6‐months following ACLR and if individuals with consistently greater peak vGRF exhibit kinematic and kinetic gait differences compared to individuals with low vGRF. The purpose of this study was to determine if distinct clusters exist based upon magnitude of peak vGRF 2‐ and 6‐months post‐ACLR. Subsequently, we explored between cluster differences in vGRF, knee flexion angle, and sagittal and frontal plane knee kinetics throughout stance between clusters. Forty‐three individuals (58.1%female, 21.4 ± 4.4 years‐old, 95.3% patellar‐tendon autograft) completed five gait trials at their habitual walking speed 2‐ and 6‐months post‐ACLR. A single K‐means cluster analysis was used to identify clusters of individuals based on peak vGRF at 2‐ and 6‐months post‐ACLR. Functional waveform analyses were used to compare gait outcomes between clusters with and without controlling for gait speed and age. We identified two clusters that included a subgroup with high vGRF (n = 16) and low vGRF (n = 27). The cluster with high vGRF demonstrated greater vGRFs, knee flexion angles, and knee extension moments during early stance as compared to the low vGRF cluster 2‐ and 6‐months post‐ACLR. Individuals with peak vGRF ≥1.02 times body‐weight 2‐months post‐ACLR had 35.4 times greater odds of being assigned to the high vGRF cluster.
Current status and obstacles of narrowing yield gaps of four major crops
Authors: Zhang Wenmeng , Zou Yangfeng , Zhou Wulue , Li Cheng , Zuo Lijun , Miao Lijuan , Cui Xuefeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundMaize, wheat, rice and soybean production are intimately linked to food security. Identifying the key factors affecting crop yields and determining the countries where increased irrigation and nitrogen application most effectively enhance yields are essential steps towards achieving sustainable development goals and ensuring food security. Identifying these areas is crucially dependent on yield gaps. However, the lack of comparability between different regions in current regional‐scale yield gap studies stems from varied methodologies. Moreover, global yield gap research, relying on statistical models and regression methods, tends to neglect the crop growth process. In this study, we used a random forest model, based on statistical and meteorological data, to pinpoint the key factors influencing crop yields. Subsequently, using unified yield data from the Inter‐Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP), derived from crop models simulations, we applied the yield gap method to calculate the potential yield increase for four crops across countries, under conditions of full irrigation and nitrogen application.ResultsOur research finds that nitrogen application is the main factor affecting yields globally, while irrigation plays a crucial role in the major producing countries. The countries with high potential for yield increases are located at the border between Africa and Eurasia. The global average yield of the four major crops increased 13.7–29.8% under full irrigation, 2.9–39.1% under full nitrogen application and 29.4–97.8% under both conditions.ConclusionThis study provides crucial insights into global crop yield changes and their determinants, which are highly important for global sustainable agriculture and food security efforts. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
A Pilot Study of Ultrasound Assessment of Umbilical Cord and Placental Vascular Flow for Cord Accident Stillbirth Prevention
Authors: Blue Nathan R. , Allshouse Amanda A. , Moyle Kimberly A. , Dimick Keisha , Silver Robert M. 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveOur objective was to determine the feasibility and interobserver reliability of umbilical cord and placental arteriolar flow assessment in low‐risk pregnancies near term.MethodsThis was a prospective pilot study in low‐risk pregnancies at 36 weeks with anterior placentas. We excluded any with an indication for antenatal testing or delivery before 39 weeks. Each participant underwent two ultrasounds by different examiners, which included arterial and venous velocimetry at three cord sites (fetal, free loop, and placental) in addition to maternal and fetal placental arterioles. The interobserver reliability was quantified using the Pearson correlation coefficient with that of standard clinical parameters serving as a benchmark for interpretation.ResultsAmong 53 participants scanned at 356/7–371/7 weeks, the mean examination duration was 20.5 ± 4.2 minutes. Ascertainment success was high for measures at the free loop, placental cord insertion, and fetal placental arterioles (range 90.6%–99.1%) and was lower at the fetal cord insertion and maternal spiral arterioles (range 47.2%–87.7%). Interobserver reliability estimates for free‐loop systolic/diastolic and pulsatility index ranged from 0.38 to 0.44. Interobserver reliability for experimental parameters varied by measurement site, and all were poor at the fetal insertion and in placental arterioles. Parameters had significant variation across cord sites (range 4.3%–21.7%).ConclusionIn our cohort, flow assessments of the free loop, placental insertion, and placental arterioles are feasible, but interrater reliability varies by measurement type and cord site. Future studies are needed to establish feasibility and reliability in nonanterior placentation and to assess clinical relevance.
Warming stimulates mangrove carbon sequestration in rising sea level at their northern limit: An in situ simulation
Authors: Qiao Peiyang , Dong Ying , Gu Xiaoxuan , Xu Lian , Li Mei , Chen Wandong , Lin Li , Ni Xiaopin , Chen Luzhen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGlobal warming and sea‐level rise are directly influencing the growth, distribution, and greenhouse gas emissions of mangrove forests. However, mangrove forests growing at their latitudinal limits are relatively susceptible to warming; nevertheless, few studies have focused on GHG emissions of latitudinal limits mangrove forests as related to global climate change. To address this knowledge gap, a multiyear in situ control experiment was established in a restored plantation at the northern distribution limit of Kandelia obovata, the most cold‐tolerant mangrove species in China, to simulate both warming and sea‐level rise. We investigated the growth patterns and sediment greenhouse gas emissions of a K. obovata population and identified the primary factors contributing to these changes. The results showed that warming and moderate sea‐level rise enhanced biomass by more than 18%, indicating that warming stimulated plant growth while excessive sea‐level rise inhibited it. The sediment greenhouse gas emissions ranged from 45.5 to 484.6 mgCO2 m−2 h−1, 5.6 to 590.3 μgCH4 m−2 h−1, and 11.4 to 385 μgN2O m−2 h−1, which increased with warming while decreased with sea‐level rise, acting as the net source of greenhouse gas emission. Our study predicted that sea‐level rise, while directly changing sediment properties, had combined effects with warming on these studied mangrove forests that were predicted to emit more greenhouse gases from sediments in the future. These findings indicated that K. obovata plantations within their latitudinal limits tend to accumulate more CO2 for biomass carbon storage under warming conditions, while stimulating sediment greenhouse gas emissions, which will offset their climate mitigating effect in future climatic scenarios.
Orthostatic Hypotension and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Hiorth Ylva Hivand , Schulz Jörn , Pedersen Kenn Freddy , Tysnes Ole‐Bjørn , Alves Guido 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundOrthostatic hypotension (OH) is a common condition in Parkinson's disease (PD) with a possible link to cognitive decline.ObjectiveThe aim was to explore the association between OH and PD‐associated mild cognitive impairment (PD‐MCI) and dementia (PDD) over 9 years in a population‐based incident PD cohort.MethodsWe prospectively followed up patients from PD diagnosis with serial blood pressure measurements, clinical examinations, and neuropsychological assessments. We defined OH using (1) consensus‐based criteria and (2) clinically significant OH by mean arterial pressure (MAP) in standing position ≤75 mmHg. PD‐MCI and PDD were diagnosed according to acknowledged criteria. We applied generalized estimating equations models to investigate associations between OH measurements and cognitive impairment over time. Weibull accelerated failure time regression models were used to study if early OH (≤3 years of PD diagnosis) accelerates the time to incident PD‐MCI and PDD.ResultsOf 186 enrolled patients, consensus‐based OH affected 68.8%, clinically significant OH 33.9%, PD‐MCI 60.8%, and PDD 31.2%. Consensus‐based OH was associated with PD‐MCI (odds ratio [OR]: 2.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.44–2.90, P < 0.001), whereas clinically significant OH was associated with both PD‐MCI (OR: 1.95, 1.11–3.43, P = 0.020) and PDD (OR: 3.66, 1.95–6.86, P < 0.001). Early clinically significant OH, but not early consensus–based OH, reduced time to incident PD‐MCI by 54% (P = 0.021) and time to PDD by 44% (P = 0.003) independently of potential confounders, including supine hypertension and cardiovascular disease.ConclusionsMAP in standing position emerged as a stronger predictor of cognitive decline than OH determined using consensus‐based criteria. These findings have implications for both research and clinical practice.
Saugeye diets in southern reservoirs and insight for predatory control of stunted crappie
Authors: Carl Dray D. , Shoup Daniel E. , Ryswyk Ryan , Sager Cliff , Snow Richard 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
Saugeye (Sauger Sander canadensis × Walleye S. vitreus) have been introduced in reservoirs for several purposes, including as a top-down control to combat stunting in crappie Pomoxis spp. populations. However, no comprehensive diet evaluation has been completed in southern reservoirs. Our objectives were to assess variability in saugeye diet compositions, explore factors influencing crappie presence in saugeye diets, and investigate trends in prey size to inform management strategies regarding predatory control of crappie populations.

Methods
We collected 2638 saugeye diets from six Oklahoma reservoirs. We used permutational multivariate analysis of variance to test differences in diet compositions among saugeye lengths, study reservoirs, and seasons, and we used logistic regression models to correlate the presence of crappie in diets with saugeye size, season, crappie abundance, productivity, and turbidity. Finally, we used bivariate plots of diet indices and quantile regression to explore trends in prey importance and prey size relative to saugeye size.

Result
Saugeye diet compositions were best explained by saugeye size, followed by study reservoir and season. Saugeye exhibited an ontogenetic shift from Inland Silverside Menidia beryllina to shad Dorosoma spp., and crappie were eaten infrequently in comparison. The presence of crappie prey in diets was most correlated with saugeye size (primarily large saugeye), followed by higher crappie abundance, lower reservoir productivity, and season (highest in fall). Saugeye consumed larger prey than most piscivores relative to predator size.

Conclusion
Our results indicated that dominant prey of saugeye transitioned from smaller-bodied fishes to larger shad as they grew when both prey types were available, which may have implications for growth and recruitment. Ultimately, the low and variable use of crappie prey may lead to inconsistent predatory effects on crappie populations, and large saugeye may exert greater top-down pressure on crappie in lakes with lower productivity or higher crappie abundance.
Analytical solutions of combined vertical and torsional shear loading of a cylindrical cavity in undrained modified Cam‐Clay
Authors: Jiang Chong , Ma Yaolong , Pang Li , Chen Zhao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper presents an analytical solution for combined vertical and torsional shear loading of a cylindrical cavity in undrained modified Cam‐Clay. The governing partial differential equations for the cylindrical cavity are established in the polar coordinate. The problem is formulated as a set of first‐order differential equations by using the axisymmetric condition, equilibrium equations, and elastic‐plastic constitutive relationship. The influence of the second shear loading on the initial shear strain is considered in the plastic state. Then the stress‐strain distributions can be calculated by integrating within the elastic and plastic zones around the cavity. A finite element method simulation of the cavity under combined shear loading is established to verify the proposed approach, and the results are in good agreement with the proposed analytical solution. Parametric analyses are carried out on the effects of clay overconsolidation ratios and in situ stress coefficients under different loading paths and loading ratios. The results show that the combined shear loading on the cavity wall has a significant effect on the stress distribution of the surrounding soil, and the influence of the loading path cannot be neglected.
‘Never a Colony’?: Rethinking the Colonisation of Enga Province, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Golub Alex 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThis article examines the history of Enga Province, Papua New Guinea, from 1952 to 1975 in order to understand how pre‐colonial governance of the province laid the groundwork for the problems of weak governance that plagued Enga in the independence era. The most appropriate models to understand this issue, the article claims, come not from the comparative study of decolonised states such as those in Africa, but from the European experience of state formation. Drawing on these models, the article makes two arguments. First, that Enga was governed lightly and ineffectively in the colonial period because there was little Australia wanted to extract from Enga. Second, the structural situation remains largely the same today: governance in Enga is weak because there is little incentive for the national government to rule. Using Enga as a synecdoche for Papua New Guinea as a whole, this paper argues that we may best understand governance issues in Papua New Guinea using models and theories that emphasise the historical continuity between the pre‐ and post‐independence governments of the country.
Model‐based analysis of the influence of surface roughness on fatigue processes
Authors: Yan Sikang , Jawaid Arsalan , Kerscher Eberhard , Seewig Jörg , Müller Ralf 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the last decade, the phase field method was developed to simulate fatigue fracture processes. The biggest advantage of phase field modeling is its unified framework, in which the entire fracture evolution from nucleation to propagation is covered. Even though it is known that surface roughness has an essential impact on fatigue life, it has rarely been considered directly in phase field models for fatigue processes due to the required computational effort. In this work, we provide a simulation setup to incorporate roughness profiles into a phase field model for fatigue cracks. We have used a roughness model for our studies and also present initial results that show agreement between simulation and experiments.