bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jet-linked X-ray emission in radio-loud broad absorption line (BAL) quasars
Authors: Kunert-Bajraszewska M. , Katarzyński K. , Janiuk A. , Cegłowski M. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe have applied theoretical models to explain spectral energy distribution (SED) of three radio-loud broad absorption line (BAL) quasars: an extended hybrid object PG 1004+130 and two compact sources 1045+352 and 3C270.1. We calculate the emission from the very inner part of the sources which accounts for more than 90% of the observed X-ray radiation. In our analysis we consider a scenario in which the observed X-ray emission comes from the inverse-Compton (IC) scattering inside a jet and from the accretion disk corona. The compact objects 1045+352 and 3C270.1 are high-redshift quasars (z = 1.604 and 1.532 respectively), with strong radio cores. We argue that in the case of these two sources a non-thermal, inverse-Compton emission from the innermost parts of the jet can explain a large fraction of the observed X-ray emission. The large scale object PG 1004+130 with a peculiar radio morphology is a low-redshift (z = 0.24), lobe-dominated BAL quasar with a weak radio core. In this case simulated inverse-Compton X-ray emission of the jet is relatively low. However, the corona emission appears strong enough to explain the observed X-ray spectrum of this object.
The Evolution of Cataclysmic Variables
Authors: Li Lifang , Zhang Fenghui , Han Zhanwen 
Published: February 2013

AbstractUsing Eggletons code the evolution of cataclysmic variables (CVs) is investigated. CVs might suffer the loss of mass and angular momentum during their evolution, we present the models of CVs with mass loss and angular momentum loss (AML) due to gravitation wave radiation (GR) and/or magnetic braking (MB). It is found that the loss of mass and angular momentum has significant influence on the evolution of CVs, and that the change of the star structure or their atmosphere properties is a possible mechanism which underlies a sudden change in the rate of AML owing to MB.
The energy source of the most energetic giant outbursts in MS 0735 + 7421
Authors: Li Shuang-Liang 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn this work, we investigate the power source of the most energetic giant outbursts in MS 0735 + 7421, which released ~ 1062 erg of energy. Due to the very high mean jet power in the cavities (Pjet/LEdd ~ 0.02), we produce several jet formation models based on a relativistic thin disk model, i.e., general BP + BZ mechanisms (model A), Livio's (model B) and Meier's (model C) model, to explain the giant outbursts in AGNs. It is found that the energy provided by both model B and model C are inadequate for an initial black hole spin a0 ~ 0.1, only model A can explain the most violent outbursts in MS 0735 + 7421. But if the initial black hole spin a0 ~ 0.95, model B can also blow up the cavity. The final spin of the black hole is found to be very high in spite of the initial spin.
VLBA Polarimetry of GPS Quasar OQ172
Authors: Liu Y. , Jiang D. R. , Gu M. F. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe present a study of the VLBA polarimetry of GHz-Peaked Spectrum (GPS) quasar OQ172. GPS quasar OQ172 is one of the source with the extremely highest rest-frame rotation measure (RM > 20,000 rad/m2). By analyzed our of VLBA polarimetry observation, we found the Rotation Measure on C & X band would be well fitted by linear relationship of the square of λ2. Combined other evidences of physical environment in the core of OQ172, we suggest that this source might be a young AGN.
Statistical study of isolated and non-isolated AGNs in the Local Universe
Authors: Pulatova Nadiia , Vavilova Irina , Berczik Peter 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe present the main results of statistical study of general properties of isolated AGN hosts and AGN hosts in pairs at z<0.05 as concerns with the environmental influence on the nuclear galaxy activity. With this aim we compiled the sample of 61 isolated AGNs selected from 2MIG Catalog and Catalog Veron+2010, and the sample of 109 AGNs in pairs selected from NED database.We found a significant excess content of Sy 2 type galaxies in comparison with Sy 1 type galaxies in both samples (44% and 11% among isolated AGNs, 48% and 6% among AGNs in pairs, respectively). Isolated AGN hosts of all spectral types are located, in average, at the more far distances and have a more complicated structure than AGNs in pairs as well as they are mostly of late morphological types. Our statistical analysis shows that the observed nuclear activity of isolated 2MIG AGNs during last 3 billions years and more, first of all, is connected with the internal galaxy parameters (relative mass/size, dark/visible matter content, multi-wavelength properties of gas-dust medium in accretion disks, tor's structure, central black hole mass etc.).
The structure and emission of an inner disk and a corona in the low/hard state
Authors: Qiao Erlin , Liu Bifang 
Published: February 2013

AbstractRecent observations reveal that a cool disk may survive in the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) for some black hole X-ray binaries in the low/hard state. The spectrum is characterized by a power law with a photon index Γ ~ 1.5-2.1 in the range of 2-10 keV and a weak disk component with temperature of ~ 0.2 keV. The formation of such a cool disk in the most inner region of black hole X-ray binaries at the low/hard state is investigated within the framework of disk accretion fed by condensation of hot corona. We also calculate the emergent spectra of the inner disk and corona. It's found that our model can very well explain the spectral features of GX 339-4 and Cyg X-1, in which the thin disk may exist at ISCO in the low/hard state.
Jet-cloud Interaction in the Nuclear Region of NGC 1068
Authors: Wang J. f. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe examine the innermost 100 parsec scale region of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068 using a high spatial resolution X-ray image obtained with the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which allows comparison between X-ray emission clumps, optical narrow line ([OIII]) clouds and sub-arcsecond scale radio jet. Based on the combined X-ray, [OIII], and radio continuum morphology, we identify the locations of intense radio jet-cloud interaction. The [OIII] to soft X-ray ratios show that some of these clouds are strongly affected by shock heating. We estimate that the kinematic luminosity of the jet-driven shocks is 6 × 1038 erg s−1.
Luminosity Distribution of Gamma-ray Burst Optical Afterglows
Authors: Wang X. G. , Liang E. W. , Li L. , Wei J. J. , Zhang B. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe derive the optical afterglow luminosity distributions at different epoches for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) from a sample of 146 GRBs that have a well-sampled optical afterglow lightcurve, then explore the luminosity function of GRB optical afterglows using the Monte Carlo simulation. We show that an intrinsic broken power-law luminosity function can well reproduced the observed magnitude distributions.
The radio jet of ultra-high-energy peaked BL Lac objects(UHBLs)
Authors: Wu Zhongzu , Jiang Dongrong , Gu Minfeng 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBy using our one-epoch EVN+Merlin data and some archived VLBA data, we present the radio properties of 9 ultra-high-energy synchrotron peak BL Lacs (UHBLs) selected as all BL Lacs with log (νpeak/Hz)>20 from Nieppola et al. . Our results support that UHBLs might be the less Doppler beamed versions of HBLs with similar jet power.
Progenitors of Magnetars and Hyperaccreting Magnetized Disks
Authors: Xie Y. , Zhang S. N. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe propose that a magnetar could be formed during the core collapse of massive stars or coalescence of two normal neutron stars, through collecting and inheriting the magnetic fields magnified by hyperaccreting disk. After the magnetar is born, its dipole magnetic fields in turn have a major influence on the following accretion. The decay of its toroidal field can fuel the persistent X-ray luminosity of either an SGR or AXP; however the decay of only the poloidal field is insufficient to do so.
Dispersal in microbes: fungi in indoor air are dominated by outdoor air and show dispersal limitation at short distances
Authors: Adams Rachel I , Miletto Marzia , Taylor John W , Bruns Thomas D 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The indoor microbiome is a complex system that is thought to depend on dispersal from the outdoor biome and the occupants’ microbiome combined with selective pressures imposed by the occupants’ behaviors and the building itself. We set out to determine the pattern of fungal diversity and composition in indoor air on a local scale and to identify processes behind that pattern. We surveyed airborne fungal assemblages within 1-month time periods at two seasons, with high replication, indoors and outdoors, within and across standardized residences at a university housing facility. Fungal assemblages indoors were diverse and strongly determined by dispersal from outdoors, and no fungal taxa were found as indicators of indoor air. There was a seasonal effect on the fungi found in both indoor and outdoor air, and quantitatively more fungal biomass was detected outdoors than indoors. A strong signal of isolation by distance existed in both outdoor and indoor airborne fungal assemblages, despite the small geographic scale in which this study was undertaken (&lt;500 m). Moreover, room and occupant behavior had no detectable effect on the fungi found in indoor air. These results show that at the local level, outdoor air fungi dominate the patterning of indoor air. More broadly, they provide additional support for the growing evidence that dispersal limitation, even on small geographic scales, is a key process in structuring the often-observed distance–decay biogeographic pattern in microbial communities.
High-speed three-dimensional plasma temperature determination of axially symmetric free-burning arcs
Authors: Bachmann B , Kozakov R , Gött G , Ekkert K , Bachmann J-P , Marques J-L , Schöpp H , Uhrlandt D , Schein J 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
In this paper we introduce an experimental technique that allows for high-speed, three-dimensional determination of electron density and temperature in axially symmetric free-burning arcs. Optical filters with narrow spectral bands of 487.5–488.5 nm and 689–699 nm are utilized to gain two-dimensional spectral information of a free-burning argon tungsten inert gas arc. A setup of mirrors allows one to image identical arc sections of the two spectral bands onto a single camera chip. Two-different Abel inversion algorithms have been developed to reconstruct the original radial distribution of emission coefficients detected with each spectral window and to confirm the results. With the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium we calculate emission coefficients as a function of temperature by application of the Saha equation, the ideal gas law, the quasineutral gas condition and the NIST compilation of spectral lines. Ratios of calculated emission coefficients are compared with measured ones yielding local plasma temperatures. In the case of axial symmetry the three-dimensional plasma temperature distributions have been determined at dc currents of 100, 125, 150 and 200 A yielding temperatures up to 20000 K in the hot cathode region. These measurements have been validated by four different techniques utilizing a high-resolution spectrometer at different positions in the plasma. Plasma temperatures show good agreement throughout the different methods. Additionally spatially resolved transient plasma temperatures have been measured of a dc pulsed process employing a high-speed frame rate of 33000 frames per second showing the modulation of the arc isothermals with time and providing information about the sensitivity of the experimental approach.
Building information modelling (BIM) for sustainable building design
Authors: Wong Kam‐din , Fan Qing 
Published: February 2013

PurposeBecause of global environmental concerns, sustainable design has become a mainstream building design goal in recent years. Sustainable development is even more urgent in the light of global climate change. This paper aims to examine the contributions which building information modelling (BIM) can make to the production of sustainable building designs.Design/methodology/approachVarious research methodologies have been adopted, including literature review, design tool analysis, a case study and structured face‐to‐face interviews. Data collected were synthesized as part of the research process.FindingsBIM is found to be ideally suited to the delivery of information needed for improved design and building performance. Two most significant benefits of BIM for sustainable building design are: integrated project delivery (IPD) and design optimization. However, there are also barriers to adopting BIM for sustainable design.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper does not attempt to address all aspects of BIM functionality because the scope of BIM is very great and the resources of this research were limited.Practical implicationsSuccessful implementation of BIM is able to eliminate the extra cost of design changes during the subsequent phases of construction process. BIM, therefore, is also capable of enhancing the project delivery culture in future.Social implicationsBIM solutions can contribute to the selection of best solutions to reduce energy and resources consumption. This new technology and the approach also can generate the need of more innovative professionals and job opportunities.Originality/valueThis paper investigates the contribution of BIM to sustainable buildings from the perspective of design performance and improved communication and coordination.
Making the case for “techno‐change alignment”
Authors: Fearon Colm , Manship Sharon , McLaughlin Heather , Jackson Stephen 
Published: February 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop “techno‐change alignment” as an approach for evaluating the effectiveness of large‐scale technology‐enabled organisational change, commonly associated with the adoption of enterprise information systems (IS).Design/methodology/approachBy developing a processual analysis of techno‐change, useful insights are developed concerning techno‐change alignment, within the confines of an enterprise resource planning (ERP) case study. Recent techno‐change literature, emerging ideas on human agency, cultural and social relations are incorporated as part of the evaluation approach taken. The paper also discusses the implications of more recent work on techno‐change and suggests directions for future research.FindingsIn terms of “structural” alignment, the ERP system was chosen because it reflected requirements of the case study in the university/education sector. As part of “strategic and intellectual” alignment, business processes were reviewed, as well as alignment with university aims and strategy goals. “Social and cultural” alignment between different groups of users is paramount for effective integration and re‐embedding of relationships and activities once techno‐change is introduced. Wider implications of processual alignment suggest that bringing users and stakeholders together as human agents for techno‐change within a high priority communication environment is essential for developing effective social relationships.Originality/valueGiven the difficulty of developing usable evaluation mechanisms for techno‐change and complex enterprise information systems, the contribution of this article is the demonstration of an effective interpretative (processual) IS evaluation approach, which the authors refer to as“techno‐change alignment”.
Evidence of lean: a review of international peer‐reviewed journal articles
Authors: Stentoft Arlbjørn Jan , Vagn Freytag Per 
Published: February 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how “lean” is viewed in academic literature and how it is operationalised. The paper also examines how evidence of lean is accounted for in practice.Design/methodology/approachThis paper discusses a review of 105 international peer‐reviewed journals with the purpose of identifying what has been written about lean. All in all, 154 articles featuring lean in the article title are identified and reviewed.FindingsLean has moved from application only in production to being used in other sectors, such as the public and service sectors. Most contributions are still found in production and supply chain journals, however, and few contributions discuss the basis of lean or provide a clear definition of the meaning of lean. The literature review indicates that there is a low level of operationalisation of the concept of lean, making the concept seem unclear and vague. About one‐third of the reviewed articles apply a toolbox view on lean; and, in general, the positive effect of lean is documented in only a few of the articles reviewed.Research limitations/implicationsOnly those articles published in international, peer‐reviewed journals are examined. Discussion of lean, however, might be found in other sources, such as textbooks, conference proceedings and PhD dissertations.Practical implicationsDue to the indistinct definitions of lean that were discovered, one should use the concept of lean with care. It is especially important to specify the conditions and to describe the intentions of usage.Originality/valueThis paper is the first comprehensive literature review with regard to lean and evidence in relationship to definitions of and assumptions about lean.
Capital structure – does ownership structure matter? Theory and Indian evidence
Authors: Ganguli Santanu K. 
Published: February 2013

PurposeBased on the agency theory, the purpose of this paper is to theoretically argue and empirically investigate how ownership structure impacts the capital structure of the listed mid‐cap companies in India and whether the capital structure as exogenous variable has a role in determining ownership structure as well.Design/methodology/approachSimultaneity between capital structure and ownership structure is checked through Hausman specification test on endogeneity. Fixed effect panel regression model is used to analyze five years of data (2005‐2009) on the sample units, to find the relation between leverage and ownership structure after controlling for profitability, risk, tangibility, growth and size.FindingsEmpirical results on Indian firms suggest that the ownership structure does impact capital structure but not the vice versa. Consistent with theoretical prediction empirical results reveal that the leverage is positively related to concentrated shareholding and has a negative relation with diffuseness of shareholding after controlling for profitability, risk, tangibility, growth and size. The findings are consistent with “managerial entrenchment hypothesis” and “pecking order theory” of capital structure.Practical implicationsThe findings of the paper will enable the practitioners and analysts to understand as to why, in the bank and financial institution‐dominated debt financing system in India, leverage is closely associated with concentrated ownership pattern and why retained earning is a preferred vehicle of financing for the firms with diffused shareholding.Originality/valueThe results of the study enrich the literature on capital structure, agency cost and corporate governance issues in several ways.
Making health and wellbeing boards a success: engaging providers
Authors: Mumford Bill 
Published: February 2013

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to bring attention to the current level of engagement of care service provider organisations with shadow health and wellbeing boards. The paper argues that full engagement of provider organisations will improve the effective working of the future health and wellbeing boards; both in the creation of good commissioning strategies and in their subsequent implementation.Design/methodology/approachA survey of Voluntary Organisations Disability Group (VODG) members was undertaken, and analysed alongside other reports of progress in implementation.FindingsCurrently there is a very low level of engagement of provider organisations. A notable exception is in Coventry which is an exemplar for good engagement: a case study is provided.Originality/valueThis is new knowledge. Also, a connection is made between emerging government policy on market facilitation in social care and its implications for health and wellbeing boards.
Making Cities Resilient: from awareness to implementation
Authors: Molin Valdés Helena , Amaratunga Dilanthi , Haigh Richard 
Published: February 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide an update of the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) campaign on Making Cities Resilient.Design/methodology/approachAn opinion piece written by the Director a.i. of UNISDR and the Editors of the International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment.FindingsThe campaign will continue and the focus will shift to more implementation support, city‐to‐city learning and cooperation, local action planning and monitoring of progress in cities.Originality/valueContinued advocacy will seek to commit more cities and increase the support by national governments to support city resilience and local capacities.
Resolution of adefovir‐related nephrotoxicity by adefovir dose‐reduction in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Hartono J. L. , Aung M. O. , Dan Y. Y. , Gowans M. , Lim K. , Lee Y. M. , Lee G. H. , Low H. C. , Tan P. S. , Thwin M. A. , Soon C. , Chiu L.‐L. , Khoo M. J. , Koay E. , Lim S. G. 
Published: February 2013

SummaryBackgroundChronic hepatitis B patients (CHB) treated with adefovir were followed up to evaluate nephrotoxicity and its outcome.AimTo assess the incidence of renal dysfunction during adefovir therapy in Asian patients and factors associated with it, and evaluate strategies to improve adefovir‐related renal dysfunction and their impact on viral suppression.MethodsChronic hepatitis B clinic patients from a tertiary hospital on adefovir treatment, with their clinical and laboratory parameters were extracted from the hospital electronic clinical database in an observational study design. Patients were excluded if they had liver/renal transplant, baseline renal impairment or were on dialysis. Adefovir‐related renal dysfunction was defined as adefovir‐related abnormal serum creatinine (ARASC) > 125 μmol/L (males), >90 μmol/L (females); adefovir‐related abnormal GFR <60 mL/min; and adefovir‐related increased serum creatinine >0.5 mg/dL, without other known causes of nephrotoxicity.ResultsA total of 271/383 adefovir‐treated patients were suitable for analysis and 33(12%) patients developed abnormal serum creatinine. Cumulative increase in proportion of patients with ARASC was 33.8% and GFR ≤60 mL/min was 38.3% by 6 years, while serum creatinine increase ≥0.5 mg/dL was 21.48% by 5 years. Using multivariate analysis, the only independent baseline predictor of ARASC was GFR ≤76.1 mL/min. Patients who had ARASC had similar levels of viral suppression to those who did not have ARASC. Those who had ARASC either continued adefovir (24%), switched therapy (24%) or had adefovir dose reduction (52%). ARASC resolved and GFR normalised in almost all patients after either switching therapy or reducing adefovir dose, with no difference between the two strategies (P = 0.737). Those with adefovir dose reduction had no significant increase in HBV DNA (P = 0.170).ConclusionsAdefovir‐related renal dysfunction occurred in a significant number of adefovir‐treated patients, but reduction of the dose led to renal improvement without compromising treatment efficacy.