bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost‐effectiveness of a standard intervention versus a navigated intervention on colorectal cancer screening use in primary care
Authors: Lairson David R. , DiCarlo Melissa , Deshmuk Ashish A. , Fagan Heather B. , Sifri Randa , Katurakes Nora , Cocroft James , Sendecki Jocelyn , Swan Heidi , Vernon Sally W. , Myers Ronald E. 
Published: January 2014

BACKGROUNDColorectal cancer (CRC) screening is cost‐effective but underused. The objective of this study was to determine the cost‐effectiveness of a mailed standard intervention (SI) and tailored navigation interventions (TNIs) to increase CRC screening use in the context of a randomized trial among primary care patients.METHODSParticipants (n = 945) were randomized either to a usual care control group (n = 317), to an SI group (n = 316), or to a TNI group (n = 312). The SI group was sent both colonoscopy instructionsandstool blood tests irrespective of baseline preference. TNI group participants were sent instructions for scheduling a colonoscopy, a stool blood test, or both based on their test preference, as determined at baseline; then, they received a navigation telephone call. Activity cost estimation was used to determine the cost of each intervention and to compute incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios. Statistical uncertainty within the base case was assessed with 95% confidence intervals derived from net benefit regression analysis. The effects of uncertain parameters, such as the cost of planning, training, and involvement of those receiving “investigator salaries,” were assessed with sensitivity analyses.RESULTSProgram costs of the SI were $167 per participant. The average cost of the TNI was $289 per participant.CONCLUSIONSThe TNI was more effective than the SI but substantially increased the cost per additional individual screened. Decision‐makers need to consider cost structure, level of planning, and training required to implement these 2 intervention strategies and their willingness to pay for additional individuals screened to determine whether a tailored navigation would be justified and feasible.Cancer2014;120:1042–1049. ©2013 American Cancer Society.
Anatomy of the auditory thalamocortical system in the mongolian gerbil: Nuclear origins and cortical field‐, layer‐, and frequency‐specificities
Authors: Saldeitis Katja , Happel Max F.K. , Ohl Frank W. , Scheich Henning , Budinger Eike 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTKnowledge of the anatomical organization of the auditory thalamocortical (TC) system is fundamental for the understanding of auditory information processing in the brain. In the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus), a valuable model species in auditory research, the detailed anatomy of this system has not yet been worked out in detail. Here, we investigated the projections from the three subnuclei of the medial geniculate body (MGB), namely, its ventral (MGv), dorsal (MGd), and medial (MGm) divisions, as well as from several of their subdivisions (MGv: pars lateralis [LV], pars ovoidea [OV], rostral pole [RP]; MGd: deep dorsal nucleus [DD]), to the auditory cortex (AC) by stereotaxic pressure injections and electrophysiologically guided iontophoretic injections of the anterograde tract tracer biocytin. Our data reveal highly specific features of the TC connections regarding their nuclear origin in the subdivisions of the MGB and their termination patterns in the auditory cortical fields and layers. In addition to tonotopically organized projections, primarily of the LV, OV, and DD to the AC, a large number of axons diverge across the tonotopic gradient. These originate mainly from the RP, MGd (proper), and MGm. In particular, neurons of the MGm project in a columnar fashion to several auditory fields, forming small‐ and medium‐sized boutons, and also hitherto unknown giant terminals. The distinctive layer‐specific distribution of axonal endings within the AC indicates that each of the TC connectivity systems has a specific function in auditory cortical processing. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:2397–2430, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Parvalbumin and calbindin expression in parallel thalamocortical pathways in a gleaning bat, Antrozous pallidus
Authors: del Campo Heather Martin , Measor Kevin , Razak Khaleel A. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTThe pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus) listens to prey‐generated noise to localize and hunt terrestrial prey while reserving echolocation to avoid obstacles. The thalamocortical connections in the pallid bat are organized as parallel pathways that may serve echolocation and prey localization behaviors. Thalamic inputs to the cortical echolocation call‐ and noise‐selective regions originate primarily in the suprageniculate nucleus (SG) and ventral division of medial geniculate body (MGBv), respectively. Here we examined the distribution of parvalbumin (PV) and calbindin (CB) expression in cortical regions and thalamic nuclei of these pathways. Electrophysiology was used to identify cortical regions selective for echolocation calls and noise. Immunohistochemistry was used to stain for PV and CB in the auditory cortex and MGB. A higher percentage (relative to Nissl‐stained cells) of PV+ cells compared with CB+ cells was found in both echolocation call‐ and noise‐selective regions. This was due to differences in cortical layers V–VI, but not layers I–IV. In the MGB, CB+ cells were present across all divisions of the MGB, with a higher percentage in the MGBv than the SG. Perhaps the most surprising result was the virtual absence of PV staining in the MGBv. PV staining was present only in the SG. Even in the SG, the staining was mostly diffuse in the neuropil. These data support the notion that calcium binding proteins are differentially distributed in different processing streams. Our comparative data, however, do not support a general mammalian pattern of PV/CB staining that distinguishes lemniscal and nonlemniscal pathways. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:2431–2445, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nonlinear finite element simulations of injuries with free boundaries: Application to surgical wounds
Authors: Valero C. , Javierre E. , García‐Aznar J. M. , Gómez‐Benito M. J. 
Published: January 2014

SUMMARYWound healing is a process driven by biochemical and mechanical variables in which a new tissue is synthesised to recover original tissue functionality. Wound morphology plays a crucial role in this process, as the skin behaviour is not uniform along different directions. In this work, we simulate the contraction of surgical wounds, which can be characterised as elongated and deep wounds. Because of the regularity of this morphology, we approximate the evolution of the wound through its cross section, adopting a plane strain hypothesis. This simplification reduces the complexity of the computational problem; while allows for a thorough analysis of the role of wound depth in the healing process, an aspect of medical and computational relevance that has not yet been addressed. To reproduce wound contraction, we consider the role of fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, collagen and a generic growth factor. The contraction phenomenon is driven by cell‐generated forces. We postulate that these forces are adjusted to the mechanical environment of the tissue where cells are embedded through a mechanosensing and mechanotransduction mechanism. To solve the nonlinear problem, we use the finite element method (FEM) and an updated Lagrangian approach to represent the change in the geometry. To elucidate the role of wound depth and width on the contraction pattern and evolution of the involved species, we analyse different wound geometries with the same wound area. We find that deeper wounds contract less and reach a maximum contraction rate earlier than superficial wounds. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Palladium‐Based Anion‐Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Using KOH‐Doped Polybenzimidazole as the Electrolyte
Authors: Fujigaya Tsuyohiko , Kim ChaeRin , Matsumoto Kazuya , Nakashima Naotoshi 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe development of a low‐cost and high‐performance fuel cell is a strong social demand. Anion‐exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) have recently emerged as an alternative technology to conventional fuel cells that use a proton‐exchange membrane as they enable the use of cheaper metals than platinum. An AEMFC exhibiting a maximum power density of 241 mW cm−2 based on a palladium‐based electrocatalyst has been developed. The polybenzimidazole‐wrapped carbon nanotubes were used to anchor the palladium nanoparticles, and the material was doped using KOH to form an ideal triple‐phase boundary structure around the palladium. The observed maximum power density is the highest among previously reported AEMFCs using palladium as the metal catalyst.
From I‐Ligated and I‐Doped to O‐Ligated Hafnium(IV) Phthalocyaninate(2–) Complexes
Authors: Janczak Jan , Kubiak Ryszard 
Published: January 2014

AbstractTreatment of HfPcI2·Pht (Pc = C32H16N82–; Pht = phthalonitrile) or bromide analogue HfPcBr2·Pht with acetylacetone (acacH) led to the formation of a HfPc(acac)2 complex that, depending on the crystallization conditions, crystallized with solvent acacH molecules to form mono‐ and disolvate crystals: HfPc(acac)2·acacH (1) and HfPc(acac)2·2acacH (2). Treatment of the partially oxidized iodine sandwich‐type hafnium(IV) diphthalocyanine HfPc2(I3)2/3, in which two of three HfPc2 units are a one‐electron‐oxidized [HfPc2]+ unit with a π‐radical character, with benzonitrile (BN) or 4‐methylpyridine (4‐Mepy) under ambient conditions led to the formation of μ2(O,OH)(C6H5COO)(HfPc)2 (3), which is bridged by O2– and OH– and stapled together by deprotonated benzoic acid complex, and μ2(O,OH)(C5H4NCOO)(HfPc)2 (4), which is bridged by O2– and OH– and stapled by deprotonated isonicotinic acid. Complexes 1–4 were structurally characterized by X‐ray single‐crystal analysis. In these complexes, the eight or seven coordination number of the closed‐shell (d0) Hf4+ cation is saturated by four isoindole nitrogen atoms of the phthalocyaninate macrocycle and by four oxygen atoms in 1 and in 2 or three oxygen atoms in 3 and 4. Interaction of the Hf4+ cation with the isoindole nitrogen atoms of Pc macrocycle led to the distortion of the aromatic Pc macrocycle to the flattened crown, with the Hf4+ cation about 1.2 Å out of the N4‐isoindole plane of the Pc macrocycle. The complexes were also characterized by UV/Vis spectroscopy.
Lanthanide Complexes with Heteroditopic Ligands as Fluorescent Zinc Sensors
Authors: Roger Mélissa , Regueiro‐Figueroa Martín , Ben Azzeddine Chams , Patinec Véronique , Bonnet Célia S. , Platas‐Iglesias Carlos , Tripier Raphaël 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWe report the synthesis of two ligands containing a DO3A unit (H3DO3A = 1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7‐triacetic acid) linked to a triazacyclononane (TACN) moiety by a 2,6‐dimethylpyridine spacer designed to form stable Ln3+ complexes in solution that respond to the presence of Zn2+ ions. The Eu3+ and Gd3+ complexes have been characterized by using a combination of experimental and theoretical techniques that include absorption and emission electronic spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, 1H relaxometry, and DFT calculations. The Ln3+ ions are eight‐coordinated by the ligand, which binds to the metal ion through the seven donor atoms of the DO3A unit and the nitrogen atom of the pyridyl linker. Luminescence lifetime measurements recorded from solutions of the Eu3+ complexes in H2O and D2O and relaxometric measurements point to the absence of inner‐sphere water molecules. The addition of Zn2+ causes important changes in the absorption spectra of the complexes that evidence the formation of both 1:1 and 2:1 (Ln3+/Zn2+) complex species. However, the emission lifetimes of the Eu3+ complexes and relaxivity experience weak changes, thus indicating that Zn2+ addition does not significantly affect the number of coordinated water molecules. The Gd3+ complexes show a weak emission band at 325 nm, the intensity of which dramatically increases in the presence of Zn2+. However, the “turn‐on” behaviour induced by Zn2+ is not observed for other metal cations such as Ca2+, Mg2+ or Cu2+. DFT calculations indicate that a photoinduced electron‐transfer (PET) process is responsible for the quenching of the luminescence in the absence of Zn2+.
Unique Deca‐ and Tetranuclear Halocuprate(I) Clusters of a Clamplike Ligand: Isolation, Structure, and Luminescence Properties
Authors: Li Li , Li Hai‐Yan , Ren Zhi‐Gang , Lang Jian‐Ping 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe reaction of 3‐aminopyridine with formaldehyde afforded a clamplike ligand, 3,7‐di(3‐pyridyl)‐1,5‐dioxa‐3,7‐diazacyclooctane (L). The diffusion of a CH2Cl2 solution of L into an MeCN solution of CuX produced one decanuclear cluster [Cu10Cl10(L)4] (1) and two tetranuclear clusters [Cu4X4(L)2(MeCN)2] [X = Br (2), I (3)]. Compound 1 possesses a unique [Cu10Cl10] cluster core consisting of two stairlike [Cu5Cl5] fragments that share two μ6‐Cl and two μ‐Cl atoms. Compounds 2 and 3 have a stairlike [Cu4X4] cluster core that is anchored by two L ligands. The trans configuration of the two pyridyl groups of the free L ligand was converted into the cis configuration of the two pyridyl groups of each bridging L ligand in 1–3. The photoluminescence properties of 1–3 in the solid state were also investigated.
Polyoxometalate Multi‐Electron‐Transfer Catalytic Systems for Water Splitting
Authors: Sumliner Jordan M. , Lv Hongjin , Fielden John , Geletii Yurii V. , Hill Craig L. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe viable production of solar fuels requires a visible‐light‐absorbing unit, a H2O (or CO2) reduction catalyst (WRC), and a water oxidation catalyst (WOC) that work in tandem to split water or reduce CO2 with H2O rapidly, selectively, and for long periods of time. Most catalysts and photosensitizers developed to date for these triadic systems are oxidatively, thermally, and/or hydrolytically unstable. Polyoxometalates (POMs) constitute a huge class of complexes with extensively tunable properties that are oxidatively, thermally, and (over wide and adjustable pH ranges) hydrolytically stable. POMs are some of the fastest and most stable WOCs to date under optimal conditions. This Microreview updates the very active POM WOC field; it reports the application of POMs as WRCs and initial self‐assembling metal oxide semiconductor–photosensitizer–POM catalyst triad photoanodes. The complexities of investigating these POM systems, including but not limited to the study of POM‐hydrated metal‐ion–metal‐oxide speciation processes, are outlined. The achievements and challenges in POM WOC, WRC, and triad research are outlined.
Oxo‐Rhenium(V) Complexes Containing Heterocyclic Ligands as Catalysts for the Reduction of Sulfoxides
Authors: Sousa Sara C. A. , Bernardo Joana R. , Wolff Mariusz , Machura Barbara , Fernandes Ana C. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis work reports the catalytic activity of a large variety of oxo‐rhenium(V) complexes (1 mol‐%) containing the ligands 2‐(2‐hydroxy‐5‐methylphenyl)benzotriazole (Hhmpbta), 2‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole (Hhpbt), 2‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole (Hhpbo), and 2‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)‐1H‐benzimidazole (Hhpbi) in the deoxygenation of sulfoxides with silanes or boranes as the reducing agents. In general, all of the complexes are excellent catalysts, although the PhSiH3/[ReOBr2(hmpbta)(PPh3)] and pinacolborane/[ReOBr2(hmpbta)(PPh3)] systems are the most efficient for the reduction of aromatic and aliphatic sulfoxides and tolerate different functional groups.
Developmental toxicity of treated municipal wastewater effluent on Bombina orientalis (Amphibia: Anura) embryos
Authors: Park Chan Jin , Ahn Hyo Min , Cho Seong Chan , Kim Tae-Hoon , Oh Jong-Min , Ahn Hong Kyu , Chun Seung-Hoon , Gye Myung Chan 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

Amphibian populations have been decreasing in urban freshwater systems in Korea. To elucidate the biological safety of treated wastewater effluent (TWE) in the Tancheon basin, the capital area of Korea, a 7-d–exposure Bombina orientalis embryo developmental toxicity assay was examined during the breeding season. In March, there were no significant differences in embryonic survival or malformation among the water samples. In July, following monsoon precipitation, embryonic lethality in TWE was significantly higher than in the upstream water sample. Malformation in TWE and TWE-mixed waters was significantly higher than in the control and upstream water samples. Tail muscle height of tadpoles also significantly decreased in TWE and TWE-mixed waters. Heavy metals were not detected in any samples. Total nitrogen, total phosphorous, and chemical oxygen demand in TWE markedly increased together with a decrease in dissolved oxygen in July. The increase in organic and inorganic loading following precipitation could have made TWE and TWE-mixed water not suitable for embryonic development. Though being managed based on physicochemical criteria, the water quality of TWE may not be sufficient to assure normal development of amphibian embryos. An amphibian developmental toxicity assay would be helpful for the water-quality management of TWE and urban freshwater systems in Korea. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:954–961. © 2014 SETAC
Arecoline stimulated early growth response‐1 production in human buccal fibroblasts: Suppression by epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate
Authors: Hsieh Yu‐Ping , Chen Hsin‐Ming , Chang Jenny Zwei‐Chieng , Chiang Chun‐Pin , Deng Yi‐Ting , Kuo Mark Yen‐Ping 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBackgroundEarly growth response‐1 (Egr‐1) protein plays an important role in many human fibrotic diseases. Areca nut chewing is the most important risk factor of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF).MethodsEgr‐1 protein expression in OSF was examined using antibody to Egr‐1. Arecoline‐induced Egr‐1 expression and its signaling pathways were assessed by Western blot analyses in human buccal mucosal fibroblasts (BMFs).ResultsElevated Egr‐1 staining was observed in epithelial cells, fibroblast, and inflammatory cells in 7 of 10 OSF cases. Arecoline, a main alkaloid found in the areca nut, stimulated Egr‐1 synthesis in BMFs. Pretreatment with antioxidant N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine, c‐Jun NH2‐terminal kinase inhibitor SP600125, and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase inhibitor PD98059 significantly reduced arecoline‐induced Egr‐1 synthesis. Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) inhibited arecoline‐induced Egr‐1 synthesis and collagen gel contraction in a dose‐responsive manner.ConclusionConstitutive Egr‐1 expression during areca nut chewing may play a role in the pathogenesis of OSF. EGCG could be a good candidate for prevention or treatment of OSF. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 493–497, 2015
New Dammarane‐Type Saponins from the Roots of Panax notoginseng
Authors: Qiu Li , Jiao Yang , Huang Gui‐Kun , Xie Ji‐Zhao , Miao Jian‐Hua , Yao Xin‐Sheng 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThree new dammarane‐type triterpenoid saponins, 1–3, were isolated and identified as (20S)‐20‐O‐[β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl]dammar‐24‐ene‐3β,6α,12β, 20‐tetrol (1), (20S)‐6‐O‐[(E)‐but‐2‐enoyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl]dammar‐24‐ene‐3β,6α,12β,20‐tetrol (2), and (20S)‐6‐O‐[β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl]dammar‐24‐ene‐3β,6α,12β,20‐tetrol (3) from the roots of Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H.Chen (Araliaceae). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR techniques and HR‐ESI‐MS, as well as by acidic hydrolysis.
A national comparison of burnout and work‐life balance among internal medicine hospitalists and outpatient general internists
Authors: Roberts Daniel L. , Shanafelt Tait D. , Dyrbye Liselotte N. , West Colin P. 
Published: January 2014

BACKGROUNDGeneral internists suffer higher rates of burnout and lower satisfaction with work‐life balance than most specialties, but the impact of inpatient vs outpatient practice location is unclear.METHODSPhysicians in the American Medical Association Physician Masterfile were previously surveyed about burnout, depression, suicidal ideation, quality of life, fatigue, work‐life balance, career plans, and health behaviors. We extracted and compared data for these variables for the 130 internal medicine hospitalists and 448 outpatient general internists who participated. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, hours worked, and practice setting.RESULTSThere were 52.3% of the hospitalists and 54.5% of the outpatient internists affected by burnout (P = 0.86). High scores on the emotional exhaustion subscale (43.8% vs 48.1%, P = 0.71) and on the depersonalization subscale (42.3% vs 32.7%, P = 0.17) were common but similar in frequency in the 2 groups. Hospitalists were more likely to score low on the personal accomplishment subscale (20.3% vs 9.6%, P = 0.04). There were no differences in symptoms of depression (40.3% for hospitalists vs 40.0% for outpatient internists, P = 0.73) or recent suicidality (9.2% vs 5.8%, P = 0.15). Rates of reported recent work‐home conflict were similar (48.4% vs 41.3%, P = 0.64), but hospitalists were more likely to agree that their work schedule leaves enough time for their personal life and family (50.0% vs 42.0%, P = 0.007).CONCLUSIONSBurnout was common among both hospitalists and outpatient general internists, although hospitalists were more satisfied with work‐life balance. A better understanding of the causes of distress and identification of solutions for all internists is needed. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2014;9:176–181. © 2014 Society of Hospital Medicine
Intra‐articular injection of rhFGF‐18 improves the healing in microfracture treated chondral defects in an ovine model
Authors: Power Jonathon , Hernandez Paula , Guehring Hans , Getgood Alan , Henson Frances 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTMicrofracture is a common cartilage repair procedure. Strategies to improve healing post‐microfracture include the use of growth factors to enhance hyaline cartilage production. This study investigates the effect of intra‐articular recombinant human fibroblastic growth factor 18 (rhFHF18) on the healing of a chondral defect treated with microfracture in an ovine model. Chondral defects (8 mm diameter) were created in the medial femoral condyle of 80 sheep (n = 16/treatment group). Defects were treated with microfracture alone or microfracture + intra‐articular rhFGF‐18 (administered either as one or two cycles of 3× weekly injections). Outcome measures included mechanical testing, macroscopic International Cartilage Repair Society repair score, modified O'Driscoll histology score, qualitative histology, and immunohistochemistry for types I, II, and VI collagen. In treated animals, there was a statistically significant improvement in ICRS tissue repair score and tissue infill score, in the modified O'Driscoll score between control and 1 cycle of rhFGF‐18 at 6 m, and in the cartilage repair score and structural characteristic score between the control and both rhFGF‐18 groups at 6 m. There was no evidence of degeneration of adjacent cartilage in the rhFGF‐18 treated cartilage. The increase in hyaline cartilage‐like tissue formed in the microfracture + rhFGF‐18 treated groups indicates that rhFGF‐18 potentiates the formation of hyaline cartilage repair following microfracture. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:669–676, 2014.