bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FEBID fabrication and magnetic characterization of individual nano-scale and micro-scale Co structures
Authors: Idigoras O. , Nikulina E. , Porro J. M. , Vavassori P. , Chuvilin A. , Berger A. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis work gives an illustration of the viability of FEBID to fabricate magnetic nano- and micro-structures and it demonstrates that by means of a combination of MOKE microscopy and MFM, one is able to analyze the size and shape effects in individual magnetic cobalt structures. With the help of our magnetic and functional study, we are able to demonstrate that by using FEBID, cobalt of uniform thickness and magnetic response can be deposited over several micron-size areas, establishing a most crucial ingredient of reliable structure and device fabrication. Furthermore, we show the suitability of FEBID to fabricate functional and complex 3-dimensional magnetic structures. The issue of unintended secondary deposits in FEBID is discussed, and a Xe-ion milling posttreatment for its removal is proposed and demonstrated as a successful pathway towards the fabrication of functionally independent magnetic nano-structures.
Mechanical magnetometry of Cobalt nanospheres deposited by focused electron beam at the tip of ultra-soft cantilevers
Authors: Lavenant Hugo , Naletov Vladimir , Klein Olivier , de Loubens Grégoire , Casado Laura , De Teresa José María 
Published: July 2014

AbstractUsing focused-electron-beam-induced deposition, Cobalt magnetic nanospheres with diameter ranging between 100 nm and 300 nm are grown at the tip of ultra-soft cantilevers. By monitoring the mechanical resonance frequency of the cantilever as a function of the applied magnetic field, the hysteresis curve of these individual nanospheres are measured. This enables the evaluation of their saturation magnetization, found to be around 430 emu/cm3 independent of the size of the particle, and to infer that the magnetic vortex state is the equilibrium configuration of these nanospheres at remanence.SEM image of a 200 nm Co nanosphere grown at the tip of an ultra-soft cantilever by focus electron beam induced deposition.
Extending semilattices to frames using sites and coverages
Authors: Ball Richard , Pultr Aleš 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Each meet semilattice S is well known to be freely extended to a frame by its down-sets DS. In this article we present, first, the complete range of frame extensions generated by S; it turns out to be a sub-coframe of the coframe C of sublocales of DS, indeed, an interval in C, with DS as the top and the extension of S respecting all the exact joins in S as the bottom. Then, the Heyting and Boolean case is discussed; there, the bottom extension is shown to coincide with the Dedekind-MacNeille completion. The technique used is a technique of sites, generalizing that used in [JOHNSTONE, P. T.: Stone Spaces. Cambridge Stud. Adv. Math. 3, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1982].
On D-posets of fuzzy sets
Authors: Frič Roman 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
D-posets of fuzzy sets constitute a natural simple mathematical structure in which relevant notions of generalized probability theory can be formalized. We present a classification of D-posets leading to a hierarchy of distinguished subcategories of D-posets related to probability and study their relationships. This contributes to a better understanding of the transition from classical probability theory to fuzzy probability theory. In particular, we describe the transition from the Boolean cogenerator {0, 1} to the fuzzy cogenerator [0, 1] and prove that the generated Łukasiewicz tribes form an epireflective subcategory of the bold algebras.
A note on the convexity of lattices generated by the set of nonnegative integers
Authors: Pócs Jozef 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
A class of lattices is said to be a convexity if it is closed under homomorphic images, convex sublattices and direct products. The main aim of this paper is to show that convexity generated by nonnegative integers contains all ordinal numbers. Consequently, any two infinite ordinals generate the same convexity.
The Euler characteristic and valuations on MV-algebras
Authors: Mundici Daniele , Pedrini Andrea 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Every finitely presented MV-algebra A has a unique idempotent valuation E assigning value 1 to every basic element of A. For each a ∈ A, E(a) turns out to coincide with the Euler characteristic of the open set of maximal ideals m of A such that a/m is nonzero.
Compact Intersection Property and description of congruence lattices
Authors: Krajník Filip , Ploščica Miroslav 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
We say that a variety V of algebras has the Compact Intersection Property (CIP), if the family of compact congruences of every A ∈ V is closed under intersection. We investigate the congruence lattices of algebras in locally finite congruence-distributive CIP varieties. We prove some general results and obtain a complete characterization for some types of such varieties. We provide two kinds of description of congruence lattices: via direct limits and via Priestley duality.
Weak subgroupoid lattices
Authors: Haviar Alfonz , Haviar Miroslav 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The aim of the paper is a characterization of the lattice of all weak subgroupoids of a partial groupoid. It also extends to arbitrary finite algebras Pióro’s result saying that the weak subgroupoid lattice of a finite commutative groupoid G in which g·h ≠ g (for all g, h ∈ G) uniquely determines its subgroupoid lattice.
Symmetries in synaptic algebras
Authors: Foulis David , Pulmannová Sylvia 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
A synaptic algebra is a generalization of the Jordan algebra of self-adjoint elements of a von Neumann algebra. We study symmetries in synaptic algebras, i.e., elements whose square is the unit element, and we investigate the equivalence relation on the projection lattice of the algebra induced by finite sequences of symmetries. In case the projection lattice is complete, or even centrally orthocomplete, this equivalence relation is shown to possess many of the properties of a dimension equivalence relation on an orthomodular lattice.
Calculation of Temperature in Sliding Joint Designed as a Part of Foundation Structure
Authors: Cajka Radim , Matečková Pavlína , Fojtík Roman 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
In case of expected horizontal deformation of subsoil or foundation structure it is possible to use rheological asphalt sliding joint to eliminate internal forces caused with friction. Material characteristics of asphalt are temperature sensitive. In science literature it is possible to find data with temperatures expected in footing bottom, however it was decided to complement this information with temperatures measured in-situ in foundation slab for super-computer building in campus of VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava. In the paper measured and calculated temperatures are compared for the first days after concreting the foundation structure. Besides the temperature of environment also significant influence of heat of cement hydration are taken into account.
Comparison of Experimentally Measured Deformation of the Plate on the Subsoil and the Results of 3D Numerical Model
Authors: Labudková Jana , Čajka Radim 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to compare the measured subsidence of the foundation in experiments and subsidence obtained from FEM calculations. When using 3D elements for creation of a 3D model, it is, in particular, essential to choose correctly the size of the modelled area which represents the subsoil, the boundary conditions and the size of the finite element network. The parametric study evaluates impacts of those parameters on final deformation. The parametric study is conducted of 168 variant models.
Nonlinear Analysis of Buckling & Postbuckling
Authors: Psotný Martin 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The stability analysis of slender web loaded in compression was presented. To solve this problem, a specialized computer program based on FEM was created. The nonlinear finite element method equations were derived from the variational principle of minimum of potential energy. To obtain the nonlinear equilibrium paths, the Newton-Raphson iteration algorithm was used. Corresponding levels of the total potential energy were defined. The peculiarities of the effects of the initial imperfections were investigated. Special attention was focused on the influence of imperfections on the post-critical buckling mode. The stable and unstable paths of the nonlinear solution were separated. Obtained results were compared with those gained using ANSYS system.
Probabilistic Reliability Assessment of Truss Construction in Matlab Software Platform
Authors: Vašek Jakub , Krejsa Martin 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
This paper deals with the use of probabilistic methods in assessing the reliability of the planar truss support structure. Classical Monte Carlo simulation technique was chosen for calculation of failure probability in structural elements and the entire support system under assessment. Numerical calculation was applied in MATLAB software system using the random number generator and parallelization using multi-core processors. The aim of the study was to analyze the usability of MATLAB for probability calculations and probabilistic reliability assessments of load-bearing structures.
Studies on the Conservation Agriculture Based Practices under Maize (Zea Mays L.) Based System in the Hills of Nepal
Authors: Karki Tika Bahadur , Gadal Nirmal , Shrestha Jiban 
Published: July 2014

A farmer’s field trial comparing the conservation tillage, where tillage was avoided and previous crops residues were kept and conventional tillage, where tillage was done and residues were removed from the field along with farmers practice of manual weeding and application of herbicides under maize-rapeseed based cropping system in the mid hills of Nepal was carried in collaboration with farmers during 2012 and 2013. Thus, three factors each having two levels was tested under randomized complete block design with five replications in each districts of Palpa and Gulmi. The effect of tillage methods and residue levels were not significant for yield and its’ contributing traits of maize and test weight along with seed yield of rapeseed. However, it was evident in the second year. The effect of herbicide over farmer’s practice of manual weeding on diameter and length of cob, test weight and grain yield of maize was obvious in both the years. The benefit cost ratio of 1.7 in conventional tillage with residue removed and 2.5 in no tillage with residue kept were recorded in the second year. Since, it reduced significantly the cost of production without severe yield penalties; farmers are interested to scale-up the conservation agricultural practices in the hills of Nepal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i2.10353Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(2): 185-192
Soil Properties and Earthworm Population Dynamics Influenced by Organic Manure in Winter and Spring Seasons at Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Ojha Roshan Babu , Shah Shree Chand , Pande Keshab Raj , Dhakal Durga Datta 
Published: July 2014

Two experiments were carried out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with six treatments (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 Mg FYM ha-1) replicated four times at the horticultural farm, IAAS, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal in winter (Oct-Jan) and spring (Feb-May) seasons to quantify optimum dose of organic manure (FYM) to maintain earthworm population and enhance soil properties. In each treatment 100 earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were inoculated within one square meter of each plot. Porosity in the first season was significantly higher than the control treatment (0 Mg FYM ha-1). In the second season it remained unaffected but in increasing trend. In the second season the highest porosity (40.75 ± 1.57%) was obtained from 50 Mg FYM ha-1. The highest bulk density (1.553 ± 0.017 Mg m-3) in the second season was observed from the control treatment but it was in decreasing trend with increasing doses of FYM. There was no significant effect of FYM on pH in the either season. The highest OM (3.87 ± 0.22%) was observed from 50 Mg FYM ha-1 which was similar to 30 and 40 Mg FYM ha-1 in first season. Similarly, in the second season, increasing doses of FYM increased the OM and the highest OM (3.83 ± 0.19%) was from 50 Mg FYM ha-1 which did not differ from 40 Mg FYM ha-1. As anticipated, the lowest OM 2.425 ± 0.224% and 2.275 ± 0.1968% were from control treatments of the first and second seasons, respectively. As the doses of FYM were increased, earthworm populations were also increased significantly in the both seasons. Earthworm numbers from 50 Mg FYM ha-1 were significantly higher than the 20, 30 and 40 Mg FYM ha-1 in both seasons. The highest numbers 887 ± 12.84 and 976 ± 20.30 of earthworm per square meter were recorded from 50 Mg FYM ha-1 in the both seasons, respectively. Thus, the application of 30 Mg FYM ha-1 is optimum for both the seasons to improve soil properties and to maintain earthworm population in the agricultural field. Also, this research indicated a possibility for earthworm inoculation in the field to enhance soil fertility for sustainable agriculture in the western Chitwan, Nepal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i2.10474Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(2): 193-198
Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Analysis of Resins from Different Cardanol Based Dyes
Authors: Das Tapan K. 
Published: July 2014

Cardanol(Cashew phenol) is subjected to diazotisation with Aniline and m-Toluidine to get monomers like Cardanol based dye from Aniline (CBDFA) and Cardanol based dye from m-Toludine (CBDFT). Such monomers have been condensed with formaldehyde in presence of acid catalyst to form resins. The resins have been characterized by FTIR spectra and their thermal behaviour have been studied.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i2.10544Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(2): 176-179
Prevalence of Specific Types of Kidney Disease in Patients Undergoing Kidney Biopsy: A Single Centre Experience
Authors: Kafle Mukunda Prasad , Shah Dibya Singh , Shrestha Shailendra , Sigdel Mahesh Raj , Raut Kanak Bahadur 
Published: July 2014

Background and aims: Prevalence of various types of kidney diseases in Nepalese population has largely been unknown. Knowledge of the prevalence of specific type kidney disease in renal patients has important implications in starting the treatment modalities and prognostification of these patients. We tried to find out the various types of kidney diseases in patient population undergoing kidney biopsy at our centre. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed kidney biopsy reports of patients who underwent Kidney Biopsy from 2007 to 2009 in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH), Kathmandu. Results: Of the 194 kidney biopsy reports analyzed, 100(51.5%) were females and 94(48.5%) males. Most of the patients 75.773% (n=147) were 16-45yrs age (Mean age 33.7years). Biopsy reports showed Lupus Nephritis in 20.6%(n=40), Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in 19.6%(n=38), IgA Nephropathy in 9.8%(n=19), MPGN 9.8%(n=19), Membranous Nephropathy 8.2%(n=16) and Minimal Change Disease (MCD) in 8.2%(n=16) of the population biopsied. Nephrotic syndrome was the commonest clinical indication for kidney biopsy. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that Lupus Nephritis is the commonest indication for kidney biopsy at our centre. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jaim.v3i1.10695 Journal of Advances in Internal Medicine 2014;03(01):5-10
Association of hsCRP and soluble fraction of E-selectin with diabetic and non-diabetic individuals
Authors: Datta Subinay , Pal Mrinal , Pradhan Amit Kumar , Ghosh Joydeep , Rahut Rajarshi , Ganguly Amrita , Basu Subhadeep 
Published: July 2014

doiBackground and aims: It is known that endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation are important element of diabetic complications. The soluble E-selectin is a marker of endothelial dysfunction and C-reactive protein is the most important inflammatory marker. The present study is done to investigate the effect of diabetes on these two markers. Methods: The present hospital based case control study was conducted in the department of Biochemistry with the collaboration of department of Medicine of Burdwan Medical College, Burdwan, west Bengal India. All subjects were selected by simple random sampling between March 2011 and May 2013. Blood level of these soluble E-selectin and high sensitive C-reactive protein were measured in two hundred diabetic and two hundred age, sex and other non-modifiable as well as modifiable risk factors matched non-diabetic healthy controls. Results: Compared with control value of high sensitive C-reactive protein and soluble E-selectin levels were higher in diabetic subjects (p < 0.001). Our present study shows that levels of adhesion molecules and high sensitive C-reactive protein were higher in diabetic than non-diabetic. Conclusion: These data suggested that an increased level of inflammatory markers and adhesion molecules among diabetic compared with non-diabetic subjects. This suggests that chronic uncontrolled hyperglycemia contributes to progression of atherosclerosis associated with life-threading complications in middle-aged diabetic patients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jaim.v3i1.10697 Journal of Advances in Internal Medicine 2014;03(01):17-22
Cytomegalovirus: A possible cause of Persistent Refractory Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Shrestha Raksha , Rondelli Damiano , Sherpa Mingma Thsering 
Published: July 2014

We present a case of a healthy 22 years old who presented with bruising and hematoma following a minor trauma. Investigations showed severe thrombocytopenia but complete hematological investigations did not reveal a cause. An aggressive treatment with steroids, IVIG, anti-D, splenectomy and immunosuppressant proved to be refractory. A subclinical transaminitis prompted an infectious workup which revealed Cytomegalovirus infection. Platelet count improved and remained stable after eradication of Cytomegalovirus. We conclude that infection with CMV should be ruled out in cases of severe refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jaim.v3i1.10704 Journal of Advances in Internal Medicine 2014;03(01):42-45
New endoscopic route to the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle: surgical simulation and morphometric assessment
Authors: Sánchez Jose Juan González , Rincon-Torroella Jordina , Prats-Galino Alberto , Notaris Matteo de , Berenguer Joan , Rodríguez Enrique Ferrer , Benet Arnau 
Published: July 2014

Object
The temporal horn of the lateral ventricle is a complex structure affected by specific pathological conditions. Current approaches to the temporal horn involve a certain amount of corticotomy and white matter disruption. Surgeons therefore set aside anterior temporal lobectomy as a last resource and avoid it in the dominant hemisphere. The authors propose a minimally invasive endoscopic intraventricular approach to the temporal horn and describe a standardized analysis and technical assessment of the feasibility of this approach.

Methods
To determine the best trajectory, angulation, and entry point to the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle, the authors evaluated 50 cranial MRI studies (100 temporal lobes) from healthy patients. They studied and systematized the neurosurgical endoscopic anatomy. They also simulated the proposed approach in 9 cadaveric specimens (18 approaches).

Results
Mean scalp entry point coordinates (± SD) were 2.7 ± 0.28 cm lateral to the inion and 5.6 ± 0.41 cm superior to the inion. The mean total distance from the uncal recess to the scalp (± SD) was 10.64 ± 0.6 cm. The mean total intraparenchymal distance crossed by the endoscope was 3.76 ± 0.36 cm. The approach was successfully completed in all studied specimens.

Conclusions
In this study, the endoscopic intraventricular approach to the temporal horn is standardized. The morphometric analysis makes this approach anatomically feasible and replicable. This approach provides minimally invasive endoscopic access to the uncal recess, amygdala, hippocampus, fornix, and paraventricular temporal lobe structures. The following essential strategies enabled access to and maneuverability inside the temporal horn: tailored preoperative planning of the trajectory and use of anatomical and radiological references, constant irrigation, and an angled endoscopic lens. Safety assessment and novel instruments and techniques may be proposed to advance this very promising route to pathological changes in the temporal lobe.
Preservation of microelectrode recordings with non–GABAergic drugs during deep brain stimulator placement in children
Authors: Hippard Helena Karlberg , Watcha Mehernoor , Stocco Amber J. , Curry Daniel 
Published: July 2014

Object
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has become accepted therapy for intractable dystonia and other movement disorders. The accurate placement of DBS electrodes into the globus pallidus internus is assisted by unimpaired microelectrode recordings (MERs). Many anesthetic and sedative drugs interfere with MERs, requiring the patient to be awake for target localization and neurological testing during the procedure. In this study, a novel anesthetic technique was investigated in pediatric DBS to preserve MERs.

Methods
In this paper, the authors describe a sedative/anesthetic technique using ketamine, remifentanil, dexmedetomidine, and nicardipine in 6 pediatric patients, in whom the avoidance of GABAergic stimulating drugs permitted excellent surgical conditions with no detrimental effects on intraoperative MERs. The quality of the MERs, and the frequency of its use in making electrode placement decisions, was reviewed.

Results
All 6 patients had good-quality MERs. The data were of sufficient quality to make a total of 9 trajectory adjustments.

Conclusions
Microelectrode recordings in pediatric DBS can be preserved with a combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine, remifentanil, and nicardipine. This preservation of MERs is particularly crucial in electrode placement in children.