bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of CK7, Cam 5.2 and Ber‐Ep4 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Clarke Loren E. , Conway Andrea B. , Warner Nicole M. , Barnwell Patricia N. , Sceppa Jennifer , Helm Klaus F. 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundCytokeratin 7 (CK7) and Cam 5.2 are often used to differentiate extramammary Paget's disease (EPD) from squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in situ because they are generally considered to be expressed in the former but not in the latter. However, we have encountered CK7+ and Cam 5.2+ SCCs.MethodsWe evaluated CK7, Cam 5.2 and Ber‐Ep4 expression in SCC and EPD.ResultsWe found significant CK7 and Cam 5.2 positivity in SCCs, particularly in those with a pagetoid pattern. Only one case expressed Ber‐Ep4.ConclusionsWe conclude that CK7 and Cam 5.2 expression may occur in SCC. A panel including Ber‐Ep4 is advisable for immunohistochemical differentiation of EPD from SCC.
Cold atmospheric plasma, a new strategy to induce senescence in melanoma cells
Authors: Arndt Stephanie , Wacker Eva , Li Yang‐Fang , Shimizu Tetsuji , Thomas Hubertus M. , Morfill Gregor E. , Karrer Sigrid , Zimmermann Julia L. , Bosserhoff Anja‐Katrin 
Published: March 2013

AbstractOver the past few years, the application of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in medicine has developed into an innovative field of research of rapidly growing importance. One promising new medical application of CAP is cancer treatment. Different studies revealed that CAP may potentially affect the cell cycle and cause cell apoptosis or necrosis in tumor cells dependent on the CAP device and doses. In this study, we used a novel hand‐held and battery‐operated CAP device utilizing the Surface Micro Discharge (SMD) technology for plasma production in air and consequently analysed dose‐dependent CAP treatment effects on melanoma cells. After 2 min of CAP treatment, we observed irreversible cell inactivation. Phospho‐H2AX immunofluorescence staining and Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that 2 min of CAP treatment induces DNA damage, promotes induction of Sub‐G1 phase and strongly increases apoptosis. Further, protein array technology revealed induction of pro‐apoptotic events like p53 and Rad17 phosphorylation of Cytochrome c release and activation of Caspase‐3. Interestingly, using lower CAP doses with 1 min of treatment, almost no apoptosis was observed but long‐term inhibition of proliferation. H3K9 immunofluorescence, SA‐ß‐Gal staining and p21 expression revealed that especially these low CAP doses induce senescence in melanoma cells. In summary, we observed differences in induction of apoptosis or senescence of tumor cells in respond to different CAP doses using a new CAP device. The mechanism of senescence with regard to plasma therapy was so far not described previously and is of great importance for therapeutic application of CAP.
Studies of Jak/STAT3 expression and signalling in psoriasis identifies STAT3‐Ser727 phosphorylation as a modulator of transcriptional activity
Authors: Andrés Rosa M. , Hald Anne , Johansen Claus , Kragballe Knud , Iversen Lars 
Published: March 2013

AbstractJak/Tyk proteins have recently aroused as possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of psoriasis. In psoriasis, these proteins signal through STAT molecules including STAT3, and STAT3 expression and activation has been shown augmented in psoriatic lesions. Here, we characterized the expression of Jak/Tyk proteins in lesional compared with non‐lesional psoriatic skin. Jak1, Jak2 mRNA and protein and Tyk2 mRNA appeared to be downregulated, whereas Jak3 mRNA expression was increased. Moreover, STAT3 expression and activation was examined in psoriasis. STAT3 is activated at two phosphorylation sites: Tyr705 and Ser727. Both phosphorylation sites were phosphorylated in lesional psoriatic skin. The activation of STAT3 by Jak/Tyk proteins was studied in cultured normal human keratinocytes. Tyr705 phosphorylation was induced by IL‐6 and IL‐20 in a Jak2‐dependent manner, and moreover, phosphorylation of Tyr705 produced a strong increase in STAT3 transcriptional activity. TNFα, 12‐O‐Tetradecanoylphorbol 13‐acetate (TPA) and UVB irradiation induced Ser727 phosphorylation of STAT3 in an ERK1/2‐ and p38 MAPK‐dependent manner, which resulted in a modulatory effect on STAT3 transcriptional activity. Our results demonstrate how different signalling pathways can integrate and lead to regulation of STAT3 transcriptional activity.
Attitudes Toward Task‐Based Language Learning: A Study of College Korean Language Learners
Authors: Ooyoung Pyun Danielle 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis study explores second/foreign language (L2) learners' attitudes toward task‐based language learning (TBLL) and how these attitudes relate to selected learner variables, namely anxiety, integrated motivation, instrumental motivation, and self‐efficacy. Ninety‐one college students of Korean as a foreign language, who received task‐based language instruction, participated in this questionnaire study. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. A correlation analysis between variables indicated that students' attitudes toward TBLL were positively associated with self‐efficacy and integrative motivation while they were negatively associated with anxiety. A multiple regression analysis further revealed that only one variable, self‐efficacy, was the significant predictor of learners' attitudes toward TBLL.
Light saturated RuBP oxygenation by Rubisco is a robust predictor of light inhibition of respiration in Triticum aestivum L
Authors: Griffin K. L. , Turnbull M. H. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPlant respiratory metabolism is complicated by the fact that the rate of non‐photorespiratory mitochondrial CO2 release in the light (Rlight) may be lower than the rate of leaf respiration in the dark (Rdark). A body of work on this topic implies a linkage between light inhibition of respiration and photorespiration, although the direction of effect and underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. In this study we used a variety of short‐ and long‐term environmental manipulations to explicitly manipulate the rate of photorespiration (νo) and quantify the effect on the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration in the light (Rlight:Rdark). We address the following three questions: (i) will the Rlight:Rdark ratio increase or decrease with high CO2 or low O2 and at low temperatures; (ii) does νo correlate with Rlight:Rdark, and if so, in what way; (iii) will suppression of respiration by light (the ‘Kok effect’) be seen to the same extent in Zea mays, a C4 plant, and in Triticum aestivum, a C3 plant? We found that Rlight:Rdark decreased under conditions that suppressed νo in wheat, and this resulted in a positive relationship between Rlight:Rdark and νo. Inhibition of respiration by light in C4 maize did not respond to environmental treatment, and the fixed Rlight:Rdark (0.46–0.72) was consistent with the wheat response, assuming a νo approaching zero. The most likely mechanism to explain this finding is that Rlight increases (or the inhibition of respiration by light decreases) when there is an increase in photorespiration and thus an increase in the demand for TCA cycle substrates associated with the recovery of photorespiratory cycle intermediates in the peroxisome. This work is significant because it combines a comparison of C3 and C4 metabolism with a range of environmental treatments to independently suppress νo.
A comparative study of aluminium and nutrient concentrations in mistletoes on aluminium‐accumulating and non‐accumulating hosts
Authors: Scalon M. C. , Haridasan M. , Franco A. C. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractMistletoes offer a unique model to study interactions amongAl and nutrients in vascular plants, because they grow and reproduce on hosts with distinctAl uptake strategies. We investigatedAl distribution and nutrient relations of mistletoes onAl‐accumulating and non‐accumulating hosts. We hypothesised that mistletoes would exhibit similar leaf nutrient and Al concentrations as their host plants, but a strong compartmentalisation ofAl when growing onAl‐accumulators. We measured concentrations ofN,P,K,Ca,Mg,Cu,Fe,Mn,Zn in leaves andAl in leaves, seeds and branches ofPhthirusa ovataandPsittacanthus robustusinfectingMiconia albicans,an Al‐accumulator, andPh. ovatainfectingByrsonima verbascifolia, a non‐Al‐accumulator. High leaf concentrations of Al inPh. ovataonly occurred while parasitizing theAl‐accumulating host; there was no accumulation in branches or seeds. InP. robustus, large concentrations ofAl were found in leaves, branches and seeds. Mistletoe seed viability and leaf nutrient concentrations were not affected byAl accumulation. Passive uptake ofAl,Ca,Mg,Mn andCu in mistletoes was evidenced by significant correlations between mistletoes and host leaf concentrations, but not ofN,PandK.Al was retranslocated to different plant organs inP. robustus, whereas it was mostly restricted to leaves inPh. ovata. We suggest that Al might have some specific function inP. robustus, which only parasitizes Al‐accumulator hosts, while the host generalistPh. ovatacan be considered a facultativeAl‐accumulator.
Is Multiculturalism Bad for Social Cohesion and Redistribution?
Authors: Levrau François , Loobuyck Patrick 
Published: March 2013

AbstractMulticulturalism as an official policy strategy has recently come in for significant criticism in a number of Western European countries. A key criticism is that multicultural policies undermine redistribution policies, since they would erode the social cohesion upon which redistribution measures are built. However, empirical research does not univocally confirm this critique. This article explains why this is the case. The first argument is called the integration‐recognition paradox. Policies that focus on recognising minority groups may lead to a greater social acceptance of those minorities, and in turn may lead to their feeling more appreciated as participants in society. In a second argument, the authors discuss how multicultural policies could easily be combined with policies that invest in national unity and social cohesion.
Long‐Term Maintenance of Arytenoid Cartilage Abduction and Stability During Exercise After Laryngoplasty in 33 Horses
Authors: Barnett Timothy P. , O'Leary John Mark , Parkin Timothy D.H. , Dixon Padraic M. , Barakzai Safia Z. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjectivesTo (1) assess long‐term maintenance of arytenoid cartilage abduction (ACA) after laryngoplasty (LP); and (2) correlate the residual grade of ACA and postoperative abductory loss with arytenoid cartilage stability (ACS) during exercise.Study DesignCase series.AnimalsHorses re‐examined after laryngoplasty (n = 33).MethodsOf 89 LP horses (2005–2010), 33 had historic ACA data available and upper airway endoscopy at rest and during over‐ground exercise (mean, 33 months; range, 4–71 months) after surgery. ACA grade at 1 and 6 weeks postoperatively were correlated to long‐term ACA grade. Effects of long‐term ACA grade and magnitude of postoperative abductory loss on ACS during exercise were investigated.ResultsMedian ACA grade at 1 week (n = 33) was 2, reducing to grade 3 by week 6 (n = 16). Grade 3 abduction was maintained in the long‐term. Correlation between ACA at 1 week and the long‐term was poor (ρ = .43,P = .1), but there was good correlation between week 6 and long‐term (ρ = .89,P < .001). Arytenoid cartilage instability was observed during exercise in 7/33 of horses, and not significantly associated with the ACA grade (P = .50), or the number of grades of ACA lost (P = .64).ConclusionsLimited abductory loss occurs after 6 weeks postoperatively. Resting ACA grade was not a useful predictor of ACS during exercise.
Crystal Structure and Microwave Dielectric Properties of LiRE9(SiO4)6O2 Ceramics (RE = La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd, and Er)
Authors: Manu Kurusaroor Mana , Karthik Chinnathambi , Leu Lii‐Cherng , Lazar Kokken Anlin , Ubic Rick , Sebastian Mailadil Thomas 
Published: March 2013

The crystal structure and microwave dielectric properties of apatite‐type LiRE9(SiO4)6O2 ceramics (RE = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, and Er) have been investigated. The densification of lithium apatites has been greatly improved with the addition of 1 wt% LiF. Selected area electron diffraction and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) Rietveld analysis confirm that these compounds belong to the P63/m (No. 176) space group with hexagonal crystal symmetry. The porosity‐corrected relative permittivity was found to decrease with decreasing ionic polarizability of RE3+ ions. Relationships between the structural parameters and microwave dielectric properties have been examined. The observed variation in the quality factor of LiRE9(SiO4)6O2 + 1 wt% LiF ceramics (RE = La, Pr, and Nd) was correlated with average cation covalency (%). The temperature coefficient of resonant frequency was found to depend on the bond valence sum of cations. LiEr9(SiO4)6O2 + 1 wt% LiF ceramics showed good microwave dielectric properties with εr = 12.8, Qu × f = 13000 GHz and τf = +17 ppm/°C. All the compositions showed low coefficient of thermal expansion with thermal conductivity in the range 1.3–2.8 W (m K)−1.
Concurrent and prospective effects of psychopathic traits on affective and cognitive empathy in a community sample of late adolescents
Authors: Brouns Bart H. J. , de Wied Minet Annette , Keijsers Loes , Branje Susan , van Goozen Stephanie H. M. , Meeus Wim H. J. 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundA deficit in affective rather than cognitive empathy is thought to be central to psychopathic traits. However, empirical evidence for empathy deficits in adolescents with psychopathic traits is limited. We investigated the concurrent and prospective effects of psychopathic traits on affective and cognitive trait empathy in late adolescence.MethodsA community sample of 107 males and 126 females who were approximately 16‐year olds at Time 1 participated in four annual waves. Sex‐specific classes of adolescents' psychopathic traits were created using Latent Class Analyses. Subsequently, we investigated class differences in level and development of empathy.ResultsFor both sexes, Latent Class Analyses produced two classes: one class with low and one with moderate levels of psychopathic traits. Consistent with our hypothesis, for both sexes, adolescents with moderate levels of psychopathic traits reported lower mean levels of affective empathy than adolescents with low levels of psychopathic traits. In addition, female adolescents with moderate psychopathic traits reported lower mean levels of cognitive empathy. Male adolescents showed a trend in this direction. No differences between classes were found in development of empathy, which increased over years.ConclusionsThis is the first study to show that male and female adolescents with higher levels of psychopathic traits have lower levels of affective empathy not only concurrently but also prospectively over a 3‐year period. Females additionally showed a similar pattern on cognitive empathy. In this community sample, developmental results suggest that adolescents with higher levels of psychopathic traits have relative rather than absolute empathy deficits.
Practitioner Review: The effectiveness of solution focused brief therapy with children and families: a systematic and critical evaluation of the literature from 1990–2010
Authors: Bond Caroline , Woods Kevin , Humphrey Neil , Symes Wendy , Green Lorraine 
Published: March 2013

Background and scopeSolution focused brief therapy (SFBT) is a strengths‐based therapeutic approach, emphasizing the resources that people possess and how these can be applied to a positive change process. The current study provides a systematic review of the SFBT evidence base and a critical evaluation of the use and application of SFBT in clinical practice with children and families.MethodsBetween 21 December 2010 and 12 May 2011 forty‐four database searches (including, PsychInfo, ISI Web of Knowledge, ASSIA, British Education Index, Medline and Scopus), web searches and consultation with experts in the field were used to identify reports of SFBT studies published between 1990 and 2010. Studies were then screened according to trialled qualitative and quantitative assessment frameworks and reported according to the PRISMA guidelines.ResultsA total of 38 studies were included in the review. Of these, 9 applied SFBT to internalizing child behaviour problems, 3 applied SFBT to both internalizing and externalizing child behaviour problems, 15 applied the approach to externalizing child behaviour problems and 9 evaluated the application of SFBT in relation to a range of other issues.ConclusionsAlthough much of the literature has methodological weaknesses, existing research does provide tentative support for the use of SFBT, particularly in relation to internalizing and externalizing child behaviour problems. SFBT appears particularly effective as an early intervention when presenting problems are not severe. Further well‐controlled outcome studies are needed. Studies included in the review highlight promising avenues for further research.
Diagnostic transitions from childhood to adolescence to early adulthood
Authors: Copeland William E. , Adair Carol E. , Smetanin Paul , Stiff David , Briante Carla , Colman Ian , Fergusson David , Horwood John , Poulton Richie , Jane Costello E. , Angold Adrian 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundQuantifying diagnostic transitions across development is needed to estimate the long‐term burden of mental illness. This study estimated patterns of diagnostic transitions from childhood to adolescence and from adolescence to early adulthood.MethodsPatterns of diagnostic transitions were estimated using data from three prospective, longitudinal studies involving close to 20,000 observations of 3,722 participants followed across multiple developmental periods covering ages 9–30. Common DSM psychiatric disorders were assessed in childhood (ages 9–12; two samples), adolescence (ages 13–18; three samples), and early adulthood (ages 19 to age 32; three samples) with structured psychiatric interviews and questionnaires.ResultsHaving a disorder at an early period was associated with at least a threefold increase in odds for having a disorder at a later period. Homotypic and heterotypic transitions were observed for every disorder category. The strongest evidence of continuity was seen for behavioral disorders (particularly ADHD) with less evidence for emotional disorders such as depression and anxiety. Limited evidence was found in adjusted models for behavioral disorders predicting later emotional disorders. Adult substance disorders were preceded by behavioral disorders, but not anxiety or depression.ConclusionsHaving a disorder in childhood or adolescence is a potent risk factor for a range of psychiatric problems later in development. These findings provide further support for prevention and early life intervention efforts and suggest that treatment at younger ages, while justified in its own right, may also have potential to reduce the risk for disorders later in development.
Improving a Measure of Mobility‐Related Fatigue (The Mobility‐Tiredness Scale) by Establishing Item Intensity
Authors: Fieo Robert A. , Mortensen Erik L. , Rantanen Taina , Avlund Kirsten 
Published: March 2013

ObjectivesTo improve the construct validity of self‐reported fatigue by establishing a formal hierarchy of scale items and to determine whether such a hierarchy could be maintained across time (aged 75–80), sex, and nationality.DesignCohort study.SettingTwo Nordic urban locations: Jyväskylä, Finland, and Glostrup, Denmark.ParticipantsBaseline (1989/90) consisted of a random sample of citizens of Finland or Denmark born in 1914 (n = 837). At 5‐year follow‐up, excluding those lost to follow‐up and with baseline disability resulted in a sample of n = 690.MeasurementsThe Mobility‐Tiredness (Mob‐T) Scale is a six‐item scale that requires subjects to self‐report on whether they become tired performing mobility‐related tasks. Employing item response theory, an attempt was made to enhance construct validity by confirming a hierarchy of mobility‐related fatigue.ResultsA formal hierarchy of fatigue tasks, maintained across time, was established using the revised Mob‐T Scale. At age 75, the scalability statistics were a homogeneity coefficient (H) of 0.80, of 3.9% and an HT value of 0.66. The corresponding figures at age 80 were 0.75, 6.9% and 0.59. The property of invariant item ordering was maintained across subgroups based on sex and nationality.ConclusionEstablishing a formal hierarchy at age 75 allowed which tasks were most debilitating to be identified more clearly and the individual's “distance” from these tasks to be gauged. Because it was possible to confirm that the item hierarchy was maintained across time (aged 75–80), researchers or clinicians can be more confident that performance over time is the result of real change and has less to do with measurement error.
Refining Physician Quality Indicators for Screening Mammography in Older Women: Distinguishing Appropriate Use from Overuse
Authors: Tan Alai , Kuo Yong‐Fang , Elting Linda S. , Goodwin James S. 
Published: March 2013

ObjectivesTo assess the feasibility of refining physician quality indicators of screening mammography use based on patient life expectancy.DesignRetrospective population‐based cohort study.SettingTexas.ParticipantsThree thousand five hundred ninety‐five usual care providers (UCPs) with at least 10 female patients aged 67 and older on January 1, 2008, with an estimated life expectancy of 7 years or more (222,584 women) and at least 10 women with an estimated life expectancy of less than 7 years (90,903 women), based on age and comorbidity.MeasurementsScreening mammography use in 2008–09 by each provider in each population.ResultsThe average adjusted mammography screening rates for UCPs were 31.1% for women with a life expectancy of less than 7 years and 55.2% for women with a life expectancy of 7 years or longer. For women with limited life expectancy, 3.7% of UCPs had significantly lower and 9.2% had significantly higher than average adjusted mammography screening rates. For women with longer life expectancy, 16.7% of UCPs had significantly lower and 19.7% had significantly higher than average rates. UCP adjusted screening rates were stable over time (2006–07 vs 2008–09, correlation coefficient (r) = 0.65, P < .001). There was a strong correlation between UCP screening rates for their female patients with a life expectancy of less than 7 years and 7 years or longer (r = 0.67, P < .001). Most physician characteristics associated with higher screening rates (e.g., being female and foreign trained) in women with longer life expectancy were also associated with higher screening rates in women with limited life expectancy.ConclusionProviders with high mammography screening rates for women with longer life expectancy also tend to screen women with limited life expectancy. Quality indicators for screening practice can be improved by distinguishing appropriate use from overuse based on patient life expectancy.