bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-language information seeking behaviour English vs Arabic
Authors: Al-Wreikat Asma , Rafferty Pauline , Foster Allen 
Published: August 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to report the results and the methods of a study which applied grounded theory to the information-seeking behaviour of social scientists when searching Arabic and English academic databases using both languages.Design/methodology/approach– The research applied the grounded theory approach using search experiments and semi-structured interviews. Think-aloud protocol during the experiment was used to capture the data from the subjects to allow a detailed analysis for the experiment. The semi-structured interviews followed each experiment and were analysed using the Strauss and Corbin (1990) version of the grounded theory, as were the think-aloud protocols.Findings– The results of the think-aloud protocols and the semi-structured interviews suggest that the information needs of the subjects varied depending on the language used. In addition, it was discovered that social scientists followed more tactics in searching the Arabic database for the same tasks searched in English during the experiment. This allowed more search strategies and search tactics to appear in seeking information in Arabic language. The study also proposed a model to account for the cross-language information-seeking behaviour.Research limitations/implications– This study identifies and compares the information-seeking behaviour of the social scientists in Jordanian universities in searching both Arabic and English academic databases. Therefore, the findings of this study cannot be generalized to other Arab countries, unless there was similar context.Originality/value– Few studies have investigated information-seeking behaviour using academic Arabic databases and proposed information-seeking behaviour models. No studies have compared information-seeking behaviour when using Arabic and English academic databases. The value of the current study arises by being the first study to identify and compare the information-seeking behaviour of social scientists by using grounded theory and proposing a cross-language information-seeking behaviour model.
The impact factor: a case study of medical journals
Authors: Cox Linda , Ellis David 
Published: August 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to look at two well-respected cardiothoracic journals and one general medical journal over the period of a decade to find out any major differences in content and referencing to warrant the fact that the general journal should be ranked far higher than the specialist journals.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper conducted citation analysis and comparison with impact factors (IFs) of two cardiothoracic journals, one American and one European, and one general medical journal over the period.

Findings
– The study concludes that although there was a significant amount of self-referenced non-citable material in the general medical journal, this probably did not alone account for its higher ranking.

Research limitations/implications
– The original articles were actually very highly cited, and perhaps, the visibility of the general medical journal could possibly be the main factor contributing to its high IF.

Practical implications
– In terms of citation, all contribution in an issue of a journal is not equal, and therefore, to evaluate work by looking at the IF of the journal in which it is published is not reliable.

Originality/value
– The study is based on an original citation and IF analysis, and the results should be of interest and value to all those concerned with the use of the IF to evaluate journals.
Everyday life information seeking behaviour in relation to the environment
Authors: Mawby Janet , Foster Allen , Ellis David 
Published: August 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe one of the preliminary results from interviews conducted as part of a PhD study into examining the role of peer and family influences on information-seeking behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach
– The principal method of data collection was 38 semi-structured critical incident interviews, based on an interview guide and a short questionnaire to collect factual data. Some social network analysis of interviewees’ information sources is considered. Both quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis were used to code the interview transcripts. A naturalistic approach to everyday information seeking is taken.

Findings
– One of the preliminary findings of this research is that the notion of a new type of information has emerged – disposable information. A new type of information-seeking behaviour is also suggested here for disposable information – disposable information seeking. Disposable information is task specific and likely to only be required by an individual on a one-off basis, causing different everyday life information seeking (ELIS) patterns to emerge. Ultimately, people are only prepared to expend effort to get quality information if they perceive a value or further, continued use of that information.

Research limitations/implications
– Because of the research location and participant population, the results may lack transferability. Further research into this area is advised.

Practical implications
– The paper has implications about how people may search for and use information in certain situations where information is perceived as relevant to a particular task but unlikely to be needed in the future.

Originality/value
– This paper introduces the new concept of disposable information and disposable information-seeking behaviour.
The Parisian Porters' Revolt of January 1786
Authors: Gilbert Bennett 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis paper gives a full picture of the moral universe pressuring all sides in the strike by porters in Paris during January 1786. These Parisian day‐labourers found their livelihood taken away by a new system of parcel delivery, part of a many‐sided endeavour to rationalise the economy. They rioted and were the first rioting mob to appeal to the king at Versailles. This paper looks at the riot from the points of view of the rioters and their neighbours, the police, the investors in the new parcel post scheme and the advancing American trade.
Anna Letitia Barbauld's ‘A Summer Evening's Meditation’ and the Cosmic Voyage since Paradise Lost
Authors: Browning Rob 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAnna Barbauld's ‘A Summer Evening's Meditation’ is a late contribution to the cosmic voyage genre of poetry, which had enjoyed popularity during the first half of the eighteenth century. Studying the poem in the context of this literature calls attention to what is innovative about Barbauld's text: most notably, its allusion to Eve in introducing gender struggles to a genre that had been almost exclusively the province of male authors. In defying the cultural boundaries that had constrained the imaginations of female predecessors, Barbauld provides us with the first instance in English literature of a woman exploring modern deep space.
Intra‐Industry Information Transfers and the Post‐Earnings Announcement Drift
Authors: Kovacs Tunde 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis study examines the role of intra‐industry information transfers in the analyst forecast‐based post‐earnings announcement drift. I find that subsequent same‐industry‐peer earnings announcements influence a firm's post‐earnings announcement drift if these subsequent announcements confirm the firm's initial earnings surprise and the firm's industry exhibits ex ante positive (common effect) intra‐industry information transfers. The results suggest that underreaction to industry‐specific information contributes to analyst forecast‐based post‐earnings announcement drift.
The histone deacetylase inhibitor butyrate improves metabolism and reduces muscle atrophy during aging
Authors: Walsh Michael E. , Bhattacharya Arunabh , Sataranatarajan Kavithalakshmi , Qaisar Rizwan , Sloane Lauren , Rahman Md M. , Kinter Michael , Van Remmen Holly 
Published: August 2015

SummarySarcopenia, the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function during aging, is a major contributor to disability and frailty in the elderly. Previous studies found a protective effect of reduced histone deacetylase activity in models of neurogenic muscle atrophy. Because loss of muscle mass during aging is associated with loss of motor neuron innervation, we investigated the potential for the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor butyrate to modulate age‐related muscle loss. Consistent with previous studies, we found significant loss of hindlimb muscle mass in 26‐month‐old C57Bl/6 female mice fed a control diet. Butyrate treatment starting at 16 months of age wholly or partially protected against muscle atrophy in hindlimb muscles. Butyrate increased muscle fiber cross‐sectional area and prevented intramuscular fat accumulation in the old mice. In addition to the protective effect on muscle mass, butyrate reduced fat mass and improved glucose metabolism in 26‐month‐old mice as determined by a glucose tolerance test. Furthermore, butyrate increased markers of mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle and whole‐body oxygen consumption without affecting activity. The increase in mass in butyrate‐treated mice was not due to reduced ubiquitin‐mediated proteasomal degradation. However, butyrate reduced markers of oxidative stress and apoptosis and altered antioxidant enzyme activity. Our data is the first to show a beneficial effect of butyrate on muscle mass during aging and suggests HDACs contribute to age‐related muscle atrophy and may be effective targets for intervention in sarcopenia and age‐related metabolic disease.
Altering sphingolipid composition with aging induces contractile dysfunction of gastric smooth muscle viaKCa1.1 upregulation
Authors: Choi Shinkyu , Kim Ji Aee , Kim Tae Hun , Li Hai‐yan , Shin Kyong‐Oh , Lee Yong‐Moon , Oh Seikwan , Pewzner‐Jung Yael , Futerman Anthony H. , Suh Suk Hyo 
Published: August 2015

SummaryKCa1.1 regulates smooth muscle contractility by modulating membrane potential, and age‐associated changes inKCa1.1 expression may contribute to the development of motility disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Sphingolipids (SLs) are important structural components of cellular membranes whose altered composition may affectKCa1.1 expression. Thus, in this study, we examined whether alteredSLcomposition due to aging may affect the contractility of gastric smooth muscle (GSM). We studied changes in ceramide synthases (CerS) andSLlevels in theGSMof mice of varying ages and compared them with those in youngCerS2‐null mice. The levels ofC16‐ andC18‐ceramides, sphinganine, sphingosine, and sphingosine 1‐phosphate were increased, and levels ofC22,C24:1 and C24 ceramides were decreased in theGSMof both aged wild‐type and youngCerS2‐null mice. The alteredSLcomposition upregulatedKCa1.1 and increasedKCa1.1 currents, while no change was observed inKCa1.1 channel activity. The upregulation ofKCa1.1 impaired intracellularCa2+mobilization and decreased phosphorylated myosin light chain levels, causingGSMcontractile dysfunction. Additionally, phosphoinositide 3‐kinase, protein kinaseCζ, c‐JunN‐terminal kinases, and nuclear factor kappa‐Bwere found to be involved inKCa1.1 upregulation. Our findings suggest that age‐associated changes inSLcomposition orCerS2 ablation upregulateKCa1.1 via the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/protein kinaseCζ/c‐JunN‐terminal kinases/nuclear factor kappa‐B‐mediated pathway and impairCa2+mobilization, which thereby induces the contractile dysfunction ofGSM.CerS2‐null mice exhibited similar effects to aged wild‐type mice; therefore,CerS2‐null mouse models may be utilized for investigating the pathogenesis of aging‐associated motility disorders.
Ketamine‐Propofol Versus Propofol Alone for Procedural Sedation in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Yan Justin W. , McLeod Shelley L. , Iansavitchene Alla 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectivesPropofol is an agent commonly used for procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) in the emergency department (ED), but it can cause respiratory depression and hypotension. The combination of ketamine‐propofol (K‐P) is an alternative that theoretically provides a reduction in adverse events compared to propofol. The primary objective of this review was to determine if K‐P has a lower frequency of adverse respiratory events in patients undergoing PSA in the ED than propofol alone. Secondary objectives were to compare the proportion of overall adverse events, sedation time, procedure time, and recovery time between K‐P and propofol.MethodsElectronic searches of Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and CINAHL were conducted and reference lists were hand‐searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English comparing the use of K‐P to propofol alone for PSA in the ED were included.ResultsSix RCTs were included with a combined total of 932 patients (K‐P = 520, propofol = 412). Five RCTs reported the proportion of adverse respiratory events; the pooled estimate revealed fewer adverse respiratory events with K‐P compared to propofol (29.0% vs. 35.4%; risk ratio [RR] = 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.68 to 0.99). There was no significant difference with respect to the proportion of overall adverse events (38.8% vs. 42.5%; RR = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.75 to 1.04). Procedure time was similar when the groups were compared.ConclusionsThe premise of combining ketamine with propofol is based on the many synergies that theoretically exist between these two agents. In this study, K‐P had a lower frequency of adverse respiratory events in patients undergoing PSA in the ED compared to propofol alone.
The Frequency of Postreduction Interventions After Successful Enema Reduction of Intussusception
Authors: Lessenich Elisabeth M. , Kimia Amir A. , Mandeville Katherine , Li Joyce , Landschaft Assaf , Tsai Andy , Bachur Richard G. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectivesThe objective was to determine the frequency of postreduction, hospital‐level interventions among children with successful reduction of ileocolic intussusception and identify factors that predict the need for such interventions.MethodsThis was a retrospective cross‐sectional study of children who underwent successful enema reduction for ileocolic intussusception at a single emergency department. Hospital‐level interventions were included if they occurred within 24 hours of reduction and were further classified as either major (recurrence or possible perforation) or minor (imaging for suspected recurrence or administration of parenteral narcotics or antiemetics). Binary logistic regression was used to identify predictors for hospital‐level interventions.ResultsA total of 464 children underwent enema reduction. The median age was 1.7 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 0.8 to 2.5 years), and 66% were male. A total of 435 (94%) were hospitalized with a median hospital stay of 25 hours (IQR = 19 to 34 hours). Nineteen percent (95% confidence interval [CI] = 15% to 22%) needed postreduction interventions, including 6% (95% CI = 4% to 9%) who required major interventions. The median time to any hospital intervention was 9.9 hours (IQR = 6.3 to 16.4 hours). We identified two independent predictors for hospital‐level interventions: duration of symptoms > 24 hours (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.3 to 3.4) and location of the intussusception tip at (or proximal to) the hepatic flexure (adjusted OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.1 to 3.3); the latter factor was also a predictor of a major intervention. None of the children (95% CI = 0 to 1.0%) had an acute decompensation after an initially successful enema reduction.ConclusionsClinical decompensation is rare and recurrence is relatively low after an uncomplicated reduction of ileocolic intussusception. However, one in five children required hospital‐level interventions after reduction. Children with the intussusception tip at (or proximal to) the hepatic flexure, and those with symptoms for longer than 24 hours, are more likely to require subsequent interventions. Although outpatient management appears safe after a period of observation, caregivers should be counseled about the risk of ongoing symptoms and recurrence.
Constipation Prophylaxis Is Rare for Adults Prescribed Outpatient Opioid Therapy From U.S. Emergency Departments
Authors: Hunold Katherine M. , Smith Samantha A. , Platts‐Mills Timothy F. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectivesConstipation is a common and potentially serious side effect of oral opioids. Accordingly, most clinical guidelines suggest routine use of laxatives to prevent opioid‐induced constipation. The objective was to characterize emergency provider prescribing of laxatives to prevent constipation among adults initiating outpatient opioid treatment.MethodsNational Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) data from 2010 were analyzed. Among visits by individuals aged 18 years and older discharged from the emergency department (ED) with opioid prescriptions, the authors estimated the survey‐weighted proportion of visits in which laxatives were also prescribed. A subgroup analysis was conducted for individuals aged 65 years and older, as the potential risks associated with opioid‐induced constipation are greater among older individuals. To examine a group expected to be prescribed laxative medication and confirm that NHAMCS captures prescriptions for these medications, the authors estimated the proportion of visits by individuals discharged with prescriptions for laxatives among those who presented with constipation.ResultsAmong visits in 2010 by adults aged 18 years and older discharged from the ED with opioid prescriptions, 0.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.7% to 1.3%, estimated total n = 191,203 out of 21,075,050) received prescriptions for laxatives. Among the subset of visits by adults aged 65 years and older, 1.0% (95% CI = 0.5% to 2.0%, estimated total n = 18,681 out of 1,904,411) received prescriptions for laxatives. In comparison, among visits by individuals aged 18 years and older with constipation as a reason for visit, 42% received prescriptions for laxatives.ConclusionsIn this nationally representative sample, laxatives were not routinely prescribed to adults discharged from the ED with prescriptions for opioid pain medications. Routine prescribing of laxatives for ED visits may improve the safety and effectiveness of outpatient opioid pain management.
Accuracy of White Blood Cell Count and C‐reactive Protein Levels Related to Duration of Symptoms in Patients Suspected of Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Atema Jasper J. , Gans Sarah L. , Beenen Ludo F. , Toorenvliet Boudewijn R. , Laurell Helena , Stoker Jaap , Boermeester Marja A. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectivesLow levels of white blood cell (WBC) count and C‐reactive protein (CRP) have been suggested to sufficiently rule out acute appendicitis. The diagnostic value of these tests is likely to depend on the duration of complaints. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of these inflammatory markers in relation to duration of symptoms in patients suspected of acute appendicitis.MethodsPatients suspected of having acute appendicitis were retrospectively selected from five prospective cohorts of patients with acute abdominal pain presenting at the emergency department (ED) in two European countries. Only adult patients with clinical suspicion of acute appendicitis based on medical history, physical examination, and laboratory studies at the time of registration in the original cohorts were included in this analysis. WBC count and CRP level were determined in all patients and a final diagnosis was assigned to every patient by an expert panel based on all available clinical data and follow‐up. For categories based on symptom duration, the diagnostic accuracy of single and combined cutoff values was determined, and negative predictive values (NPV) and positive predictive values (PPV) were calculated. Subgroup analyses for age (<40 years or ≥40 years) and sex were performed.ResultsA total of 1,024 patients with clinically suspected acute appendicitis were included, of whom 580 (57%) were assigned a final diagnosis of appendicitis. No value of WBC count, CRP level, or their combination resulted in a NPV of more than 90%, regardless of the duration of symptoms. A WBC count of >20 × 109/L in combination with symptoms for more than 48 hours was associated with a PPV of 100%. However, only eight of the 1,024 patients (1%) fulfilled these criteria, limiting the clinical applicability. No other cutoff level of WBC count, CRP level, or their combination resulted in a PPV of more than 80%, regardless of the duration of symptoms. In female patients, normal levels of CRP and WBC count more accurately excluded the diagnosis of appendicitis than normal levels did in male patients.ConclusionsNo WBC count or CRP level can safely and sufficiently confirm or exclude the suspected diagnosis of acute appendicitis in patients who present with abdominal pain of 5 days or less in duration.
Stabilizing prevalence trends of eczema, asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis in Dutch schoolchildren (2001–2010)
Authors: de Korte‐de Boer D. , Mommers M. , Gielkens‐Sijstermans C. M. L. , Creemers H. M. H. , Mujakovic S. , Feron F. J. M. , van Schayck O. C. P. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIn contrast to many countries, a decrease in childhood wheeze prevalence was previously reported for the Netherlands. In repeated cross‐sectional surveys in 2001, 2005 and 2010, we investigated whether this trend continued, and additionally examined prevalence trends of eczema, asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis among 8‐ to 11‐year‐old schoolchildren eligible for a routine physical examination. Overall, ~90% participated (mean age: 8.8 years in 2001 and 10.5 years in 2005 and 2010). Eczema, wheeze and asthma prevalence did not change significantly between 2001 and 2010, but rhinoconjunctivitis prevalence increased from 8.4% in 2001 to 12.3% in both 2005 and 2010 (Ptrend < 0.01). In conclusion, after a decrease in wheeze prevalence among Dutch schoolchildren between 1989 and 2001, no further decrease was observed until 2010. Similarly, the prevalence of eczema and asthma remained stable, but rhinoconjunctivitis prevalence increased between 2001 and 2010. The latter may be an effect of older age and not a true increase over time.
The impact of posterior vitreous adhesion on ischaemia in eyes with retinal vein occlusion
Authors: Bertelmann Thomas , Kicova Nadia , Mennel Stefan , Schmidt Jörg , Irle Sebastian , Sekundo Walter , Schulze Stephan 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate whether posterior vitreous adhesion (PVA) contributes to retinal ischaemia in eyes suffering from central (CRVO) or branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).MethodsRetrospective patient chart analysis of eyes with CRVO/BRVO receiving pars‐plana vitrectomy (ppV). Prior to surgery fluorescence angiography was conducted to classify RVO as ischaemic or not.ResultsSixty eyes were included, thereof 36 (60%)/24 (40%) with CRVO/BRVO. In the CRVO group, 17 (47%)/19 (53%) eyes were classified as ischaemic/non‐ischaemic. Respective results for BRVO‐affected eyes were 16 (67%)/8 (33%). PVA/posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) was found in 33 (92%)/3 (8%) eyes with CRVO and in 23 (96%)/1 (4%) patients suffering from BRVO. Value differences of PVA/PVD between ischaemic‐ and non‐ischaemic‐typed RVO failed statistical significance for both, CRVO (p = 0.095) and BRVO (p = 1.0).ConclusionsPosterior vitreous adhesion had no impact on retinal ischaemia in this investigation. As an attached posterior vitreous cortex acts as a scaffold and thus significantly increases neovascularization (NV) development in ischaemic‐typed RVO, a prospective study evaluating the effect of enzymatic vitreolysis is indicated.