bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhabiting the Cracks: Accumulating Creative Ruptions to Change Education
Authors: Chappell Kerry , Turner Chris , Wren Heather 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this final chapter of Creative Ruptions, we revisit the claims made in Chappell with Turner and Wren, Creating Spaces for Ruptions and Provocations in Creative Ruptions for Emergent Educational Futures. Palgrave Macmillan, 2024. That this book would show how ethical, care-ful educational futures might emerge through creative ruptions; that we would provide hope and show how to do education differently; that we would provide direct educational responses as examples and tools; and that we would show how different authors create productive ruptions. We demonstrate how this has happened by dealing with the bigger questions around how we handle creative ruptions and what they in themselves ‘do’ through the notion of accumulation thresholds. We go on to demonstrate how the creative ruptions in this book respond to various wicked problems, and then end by offering ways of thinking-being-doing to push matters forward. This includes considering how we can expand our emotional repertoires from anxiety to also include hope and courage, positioning the contribution of this book in relation with colleagues working in decolonisation and possibilities studies. As ever, these are the throughlines that have emerged for us as editors, which are undoubtedly multi-dimensional, but there are many other ways that you can travel through this book and enter into new trajectories from it.
On Bewilderment, Education and Opening Spaces for Creativity and Emergent Educational Futures
Authors: Chave Sarah 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this chapter, I argue for the importance in education of space for bewildering questions: questions for which no-one yet knows the answer and where letting-go of certainty and acceptance of ambiguity is possible. This is especially important in this era of climate and ecological emergency where the emergence of new ways of thinking and being are urgently needed. In addition, there needs to be space for positive conceptions of ‘the wild’ and a be-wilder-ing of education processes themselves towards more demanding, rebellious, ruptive educational futures. This is a challenging move for Westernised pedagogy and its increasing desire to ‘sanitise’ knowledge.I examine how encouraging aporia—literally lacking a poros, a path—can contribute to opening up ruptural spaces which embrace doubt and see within doubt ‘the questions that make a new understanding possible’ (Burbules, 1997, p. 40, Aporia: Webs, passages, getting lost, and learning to go on. In Philosophy of education 1997: A publication of the philosophy of education society (annual) (pp. 33–43). Philosophy of Education Society). I then draw on a range of thinkers including Arendt, Buber, The Crex Collective and hooks to foreground encounters, creative entwinings and care-ful, attentive listening which can re-centre more-than-human voices and forge new relationships. I argue that such embodied practices have potential to open relationships based on ‘aimance’ (Khatibi, 1995, Le livre de l’aimance. Editions Marsam) and what Snaza (2020, p. 108, Love and bewilderment: On education as affective encounter. In B. Dernikos, N. Lesko, S. McCall, & A. Niccolini (Eds.), Mapping the affective turn in education: Theory, research and pedagogies (pp. 108–121). Routledge) calls ‘possibilities of love beyond the limit of the human’.
Simple Rules for Riding the Emotional Roller Coaster
Authors: Shepherd Dean A. , Patzelt Holger , Breugst Nicola 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis chapter offers simple rules for riding the emotional roller coaster. These simple rules are: Don’t ignore your negative emotions; running a venture can be exhausting, so make sure you manage your entrepreneurial energy right; follow your entrepreneurial passion; build your emotional intelligence; pursue moderate stress at work to enhance life; and build your team’s emotional intelligence to enhance its performance.
Simple Rules for Recognizing Opportunities
Authors: Shepherd Dean A. , Patzelt Holger , Breugst Nicola 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis chapter offers simple rules for recognizing opportunities. These simple rules include when others constrain your career, look for an entrepreneurial career; invest effort to build expertise from your experience; don't be fooled by your experience; use entrepreneurship as a channel to express yourself; to design value, look for disruptions; motivate creativity to generate opportunities; and adopt an entrepreneurial mindset to learn and generate new things.
Simple Rules for Engaging External Stakeholders
Authors: Shepherd Dean A. , Patzelt Holger , Breugst Nicola 
Published: June 2024

Abstract This chapter offers simple rules for engaging external stakeholders. These simple rules are: build a circle of trusted advisors and listen to them; don’t journey alone, involve others because entrepreneurship needs to be a social endeavor; when it comes to building relationships, do not always go for what is easy and natural; engage others in dialogue like a “good” professor does in a case discussion; emphasize inquiry with others, (instead of advocacy) for generating creative and innovative outcomes; to access resources, learn how to tell a good story; know your worth and communicate it to others for effective pricing; and ask for help.
Automated Reasoning for Mathematics
Authors: Avigad Jeremy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThroughout the history of automated reasoning, mathematics has been viewed as a prototypical domain of application. It is therefore surprising that the technology has had almost no impact on mathematics to date and plays almost no role in the subject today. This article presents an optimistic view that the situation is about to change. It describes some recent developments in the Lean programming language and proof assistant that support this optimism, and it reflects on the role that automated reasoning can and should play in mathematics in the years to come.
On the (In-)Completeness of Destructive Equality Resolution in the Superposition Calculus
Authors: Waldmann Uwe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBachmair’s and Ganzinger’s abstract redundancy concept for the Superposition Calculus justifies almost all operations that are used in superposition provers to delete or simplify clauses, and thus to keep the clause set manageable. Typical examples are tautology deletion, subsumption deletion, and demodulation, and with a more refined definition of redundancy joinability and connectedness can be covered as well. The notable exception is Destructive Equality Resolution, that is, the replacement of a clause $$x \not \approx t \vee C$$

x
≉
t
∨
C

with $$x \notin \textrm{vars}(t)$$

x
∉
vars
(
t
)

by $$C\{x \mapsto t\}$$

C
{
x
↦
t
}

. This operation is implemented in state-of-the-art provers, and it is clearly useful in practice, but little is known about how it affects refutational completeness. We demonstrate on the one hand that the naive addition of Destructive Equality Resolution to the standard abstract redundancy concept renders the calculus refutationally incomplete. On the other hand, we present several restricted variants of the Superposition Calculus that are refutationally complete even with Destructive Equality Resolution.
Certified MaxSAT Preprocessing
Authors: Ihalainen Hannes , Oertel Andy , Tan Yong Kiam , Berg Jeremias , Järvisalo Matti , Myreen Magnus O. , Nordström Jakob 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBuilding on the progress in Boolean satisfiability (SAT) solving over the last decades, maximum satisfiability (MaxSAT) has become a viable approach for solving -hard optimization problems. However, ensuring correctness of MaxSAT solvers has remained a considerable concern. For SAT, this is largely a solved problem thanks to the use of proof logging, meaning that solvers emit machine-verifiable proofs to certify correctness. However, for MaxSAT, proof logging solvers have started being developed only very recently. Moreover, these nascent efforts have only targeted the core solving process, ignoring the preprocessing phase where input problem instances can be substantially reformulated before being passed on to the solver proper.In this work, we demonstrate how pseudo-Boolean proof logging can be used to certify the correctness of a wide range of modern MaxSAT preprocessing techniques. By combining and extending theVeriPBandCakePBtools, we provide formally verified end-to-end proof checking that the input and preprocessed output MaxSAT problem instances have the same optimal value. An extensive evaluation on applied MaxSAT benchmarks shows that our approach is feasible in practice.
An Empirical Assessment of Progress in Automated Theorem Proving
Authors: Sutcliffe Geoff , Suttner Christian , Kotthoff Lars , Perrault C. Raymond , Khalid Zain 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe TPTP World is a well established infrastructure that supports research, development, and deployment of Automated Theorem Proving (ATP) systems. This work uses data in the TPTP World to assess progress in ATP from 2015 to 2023.
Tableaux for Automated Reasoning in Dependently-Typed Higher-Order Logic
Authors: Niederhauser Johannes , Brown Chad E. , Kaliszyk Cezary 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDependent type theory gives an expressive type system facilitating succinct formalizations of mathematical concepts. In practice, it is mainly used for interactive theorem proving with intensional type theories, with PVS being a notable exception. In this paper, we present native rules for automated reasoning in a dependently-typed version (DHOL) of classical higher-order logic (HOL). DHOL has an extensional type theory with an undecidable type checking problem which contains theorem proving. We implemented the inference rules as well as an automatic type checking mode in Lash, a fork of Satallax, the leading tableaux-based prover for HOL. Our method is sound and complete with respect to provability in DHOL. Completeness is guaranteed by the incorporation of a sound and complete translation from DHOL to HOL recently proposed by Rothgang et al. While this translation can already be used as a preprocessing step to any HOL prover, to achieve better performance, our system directly works in DHOL. Moreover, experimental results show that the DHOL version of Lash can outperform all major HOL provers executed on the translation.
The Naproche-ZF Theorem Prover (Short Paper)
Authors: De Lon Adrian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNaproche-ZF is a new experimental open-source natural theorem prover based on set theory; formalizations in Naproche-ZF are written in a controlled natural language embedded into
"Image missing" and proof gaps are filled in with automated theorem provers. Naproche-ZF aims to scale natural theorem proving beyond chapter-sized formalizations. In contrast to the $$\mathbb {N}$$
N
aproche system, the new system uses an extensible grammar-based approach, has more efficient proof automation, and enables larger interconnected formalizations based on a standard library.
Wie lassen sich biologische Phänomene erklären? – Metawissen über biologische Erklärungstypen für den Biologieunterricht
Authors: Hammann Marcus , Trommler Friederike , Krüger Dirk 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag thematisiert die Vielfalt biologischer Erklärungstypen, kontrastiert die Erklärungstypen gegeneinander und verdeutlicht das Entwickeln und Finden von Erklärungen als abduzierendes Schließen. Dies geschieht in der Annahme, dass das fachspezifische Wissenschaftsverständnis von Lehrenden und Lernenden entwickelt werden kann, indem sie Metawissen über die Entstehung und Vielfalt biologischer Erklärungstypen erwerben. Dabei sollen Fragestellungen, Vorgehensweisen bei der Beantwortung der Fragestellungen und korrespondierende Erklärungstypen im Zusammenhang miteinander unterrichtet werden. Drei Erklärungstypen werden in diesem Beitrag charakterisiert und der Mehrwert einer Differenzierung dieser Typen für den Biologieunterricht wird analysiert. Speziell wird argumentiert, dass fehlendes Metawissen über die Vielfalt biologischer Erklärungstypen bei Lernenden eine mögliche Ursache dafür darstellen kann, dass die Funktion eines Merkmals als die alleinige Ursache für die Entstehung des Merkmals im Laufe der Evolution angeführt wird. Hierbei handelt es sich um eine unangemessene teleologische Erklärung. Eine weitere aus fehlendem Metawissen resultierende Verwechslungsmöglichkeit besteht zwischen funktionalen und mechanistischen Erklärungen.
Statistical modeling and optimization of heavy metals (Pb and Cd) adsorption from aqueous solution by synthesis of Fe3O4/SiO2/PAM: isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamic
Authors: Osman Huseyn , Uğurlu Mehmet , Vaizoğullar Ali İmran , Atasoy Muhammet , Chaudhary Abdul Jabbar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, magnetic material was synthesized using iron salts, then silicon-specific material was used to gain porosity, straight-chain polyacrylamide (PAM) was modified to give the surface functional properties, and the final product synthesized Fe3O4/SiO2/PAM nanocomposite material. Heavy metal (Pb and Cd) removal studies were carried out with the synthesized composite material, considering the central composite design and response surface methodology (CCD-RSM) optimization model. The effects of various parameters, for example, the initial concentration, pH, adsorbent dose, temperature and contact time, were investigated as a part of this study. To optimize these parameters, the CCD-RSM model was applied to design the experiments. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to evaluate statistical parameters and investigate interactions of variables. In the designed experimental set, the amount of adsorbent (30 mg), pH 7.0 value, temperature (40 °C), initial concentration of Pb (80 mg/L) and Cd (20 mg/L) and 90 min contact time were determined as the optimum conditions. The high coefficient of determination of both metals showed good agreement between experimental results and predicted values (R2 0.99; 0.95). TEM, SEM, XRD, FTIR, BET and Zeta potential analyses were performed to characterize the structure and morphology of the adsorbent. In Pb2+ and Cd2+ heavy metal removal studies, maximum adsorption capacities were determined as 66.54 and 13.22 mg/g, respectively. Additionally, adsorption isotherms, adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic modeling studies were conducted. Features such as large surface area and high adsorption capacity of the synthesized nanoparticles were observed. In this study, Fe3O4/SiO2/PAM demonstrated its potential as an effective adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions present in simulated wastewater samples. In particular, we can say that the material has a strong selectivity, as well as a high affinity for Pb(II) ions.
Optimising landslide initiation modelling with high-resolution saturation prediction based on soil moisture monitoring data
Authors: Halter Tobias , Lehmann Peter , Wicki Adrian , Aaron Jordan , Stähli Manfred 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIt has been widely recognised that the degree of soil wetness before precipitation events can be decisive for whether or not shallow rainfall-induced landslides occur. While there are methods to measure and/or model soil wetness in complex topography, they often exhibit limitations in spatial or temporal resolution, hindering their application in regional landside initiation modelling. In this study, we address the need for high-resolution predictions of initial saturation before rainfall events by employing data-driven linear regression models. The models were trained using in-situ soil moisture data collected from six measurement stations located in a landslide-prone region in Switzerland. Various topographic attributes, along with multiple antecedent rainfall and evapotranspiration variables were tested as input for the models. The final model consisted of five measurable variables, including cumulative antecedent rainfall, cumulative evapotranspiration, and the topographic wetness index (TWI). The model effectively reproduced the observed spatial and temporal variability of the in-situ measurements with a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.62 and a root mean square error RMSE = 0.07. Subsequently, we applied the regression model to predict the spatial soil saturation at the onset of actual landslide triggering rainfall events and integrated these patterns into the hydromechanical model STEP-TRAMM. The results demonstrate improvements in predicting observed landslide occurrences compared to simulations assuming spatially uniform initial saturation conditions, highlighting the importance of in-situ measurements and a realistic extrapolation of such data in space and time for accurate modelling of shallow landslide initiation.
Site-specific genetic and functional signatures of aortic endothelial cells at aneurysm predilection sites in healthy and AngII ApoE−/− mice
Authors: Brückner Alexander , Brandtner Adrian , Rieck Sarah , Matthey Michaela , Geisen Caroline , Fels Benedikt , Stei Marta , Kusche-Vihrog Kristina , Fleischmann Bernd K. , Wenzel Daniela 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAortic aneurysm is characterized by a pathological dilation at specific predilection sites of the vessel and potentially results in life-threatening vascular rupture. Herein, we established a modified “Häutchen method” for the local isolation of endothelial cells (ECs) from mouse aorta to analyze their spatial heterogeneity and potential role in site-specific disease development. When we compared ECs from aneurysm predilection sites of healthy mice with adjacent control segments we found regulation of genes related to extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis and inflammation, all pathways playing a critical role in aneurysm development. We also detected enhanced cortical stiffness of the endothelium at these sites. Gene expression of ECs from aneurysms of the AngII ApoE−/− model when compared to sham animals mimicked expression patterns from predilection sites of healthy animals. Thus, this work highlights a striking genetic and functional regional heterogeneity in aortic ECs of healthy mice, which defines the location of aortic aneurysm formation in disease.
From single to universal: tiny lesion detection in medical imaging
Authors: Zhang Yi , Mao Yiji , Lu Xuanyu , Zou Xingyu , Huang Hao , Li Xinyang , Li Jiayue , Zhang Haixian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAccurate and automatic detection of tiny lesions in medical imaging plays a critical role in comprehensive cancer diagnosis, staging, treatment, follow-up, and prognosis. Numerous deep learning (DL) based studies have focused on single lesions, providing highly sensitive identification and precise localization. On the other hand, some recent studies have started to concentrate on whole-body lesions, as they could provide systemic clinical support. This paper presents a single-to-universal review of DL studies on tiny lesion detection in medical imaging, with a particular emphasis on detection models and techniques, as well as the data-related aspects such as modality, dimension, and dataset. A wide range of tasks are covered, including traditional single lesion detection tasks such as lung nodules, breast masses, thyroid nodules, and diseased lymph nodes, as well as the emerging task of universal lesion detection. Moreover, the paper provides in-depth analysis and discussion, with the hope of inspiring future research endeavors.
On the Flow Past a Three-Element Wing: Mean Flow and Turbulent Statistics
Authors: Montalà Ricard , Lehmkuhl Oriol , Rodriguez Ivette 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLarge eddy simulations (LES) on the flow past the 30P30N three-element high-lift wing at a moderate Reynolds number $$Re_c=750,000$$

R

e
c

=
750
,
000

and three different angles of attack $$\alpha =5$$

α
=
5

, 9 and $$23^\circ $$

23
∘

are conducted. The main focus is on the time-averaged statistics of the turbulent flow. The form drag noticeably increases with the angle of attack, while viscous drag remains roughly constant and contributes minimally to the total drag. This is associated with the significant pressure peaks found in the main element with increasing angles of attack and hence, the development of stronger adverse pressure gradients. At $$\alpha =23^\circ $$

α
=

23
∘

, this leads to the development of a prominent wake downstream this element that eventually evolves into a visible recirculation region above the flap, indicating the onset of stall conditions. In the flap, strong adverse pressure gradients are observed at small angles of attack instead, i.e., $$\alpha =5$$

α
=
5

and $$9^\circ $$

9
∘

. This is attributed to the flap’s deflection angle with respect to the main wing, which causes a small separation of the boundary layer as the flow approaches the trailing edge. At the stall angle of attack, i.e., $$\alpha =23^\circ $$

α
=

23
∘

, the spread of the main element wake maintains attached the flow near the flap wall, thus mitigating the pressure gradient there and preventing the flow to undergo separation. The shear layers developed on the slat and main coves are also analysed, with the slat shear layer showing more prominence. In the slat, its size and intensity noticeably decrease with the angle of attack as the stagnation point moves towards the slat cusp. Conversely, the size of the shear layer developed in the main element cavity remains approximately constant regardless of the angle of attack. At the lower angles of attack, i.e., $$\alpha =5$$

α
=
5

and $$9^\circ $$

9
∘

, the development of the shear layer is anticipated by the turbulent separation of the flow along the pressure side of the main wing, leading to increased levels of turbulence downstream. At the higher angle of attack, i.e., $$\alpha =23^\circ $$

α
=

23
∘

, the shear layer is originated by the cavity separation and transition to turbulence occurs within the cavity.
Priority conservation areas for protected saproxylic beetles in Romania under current and future climate scenarios
Authors: Mirea Marian D. , Miu Iulia V. , Popescu Viorel D. , Brodie Bekka S. , Chiriac Silviu , Rozylowicz Laurentiu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractClimate change threatens species and ecosystems globally, including forest ecosystems that support rich invertebrate diversity. Saproxylic beetles, that depend on old-growth trees and deadwood, are facing increasing pressure. Consequently, conserving these beetles has become a priority for EU Member States. We developed ensemble species distribution models for five saproxylic beetles for current and three future time horizons under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and two Global Circulation Models. We used a systematic conservation planning approach to assess the effectiveness and resilience to climate change of the Romanian Natura 2000 network for saproxylic beetles while identifying areas for prospective protected area expansion to meet EU conservation targets. Our study revealed that under all scenarios and time horizons, the saproxylic beetles may lose over 80% of their suitable habitat and restrict their distribution to higher elevations. According to the conservation prioritization analysis, we found that, when considering 30% of the landscape as being protected, an average of 85% of species distribution is retained within priority areas overlapping the Carpathian Mountains, while for the current protected area coverage (18% of Romania’s terrestrial area), the existing Natura 2000 network does not perform satisfactorily, with only ~ 30% of the saproxylic species distributions falling within the network. Our results corroborate previous findings on saproxylic beetle range shifts and contractions due to climate change. Furthermore, our findings question the effectiveness of the current Natura 2000 network, as it is currently inadequate for protecting these species. To achieve the goals of the EU Biodiversity Strategy 2030 of protecting at least 30% of the EU’s territory, we advocate the expansion of the Natura 2000 sites to future suitable saproxylic beetle habitats.