bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Simple Tool to Predict End‐Stage Renal Disease within 1 Year in Elderly Adults with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Drawz Paul E. , Goswami Puja , Azem Reem , Babineau Denise C. , Rahman Mahboob 
Published: April 2013

ObjectivesTo develop and validate a model to predict 1‐year risk of end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) in elderly subjects with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD).DesignRetrospective.SettingVeterans Affairs Medical Center.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 65 and older with CKD with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 30 mL/min per 1.73 m2.MeasurementsThe outcome was ESRD within 1 year of the index eGFR. Cox regression was used to develop a predictive model (Veterans Affairs (VA) risk score) that was validated in a separate cohort.ResultsOf the 1,866 participants in the developmental cohort, 77 developed ESRD. Risk factors for ESRD in the final model were age, congestive heart failure, systolic blood pressure, eGFR, potassium, and albumin. In the validation cohort, the C index for the VA risk score was 0.823. The risk for developing ESRD at 1 year from lowest to highest tertile was 0.08%, 2.7%, and 11.3% (P < .001). The C‐index for the recently published Tangri model in the validation cohort was 0.780.ConclusionA new model using commonly available clinical measures shows excellent ability to predict the onset of ESRD within the next year in elderly adults. The Tangri model also had good predictive ability. Individuals and physicians can use these risk models to inform decisions regarding preparation for renal replacement therapy in individuals with advanced CKD.
Older Patients’ Experiences of Heart Failure—An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Falk Hanna , Ekman Inger , Anderson Ruth , Fu Michael , Granger Bradi 
Published: April 2013

AbstractPurposeSeveral literature reviews have been published summarizing objective knowledge about older patients with heart failure (HF). Although of vital importance to the treatment and diagnosis of HF, these reviews fail to explicate and summarize older patients’ subjective and lived experience of the condition, which restrains us from providing a complete picture of the illness trajectory. The purpose of this integrative review was to explore and summarize the current literature examining self‐reported symptoms, illness experience, and self‐care management in older patients with HF.Design and MethodsCombinations of search terms related to illness experience, symptoms, and self‐care management in HF were used to search three electronic databases. Inclusion criteria were empirical studies, published in English between 2001 and 2011, in populations of older patients (≥ 75 years) investigated in relation to a self‐reported subjective experience of HF. The search initially yielded 279 results; 23 qualitative and qualitative studies met the inclusion criteria.Findings and ConclusionsOlder patients with HF have poor health‐related quality of life compared with controls and experience severe and frequent symptoms of fatigue and dyspnea that limit several aspects of their life, making them dependent on others for survival. The variety of ways in which older patients cope with these consequences is determined by how they understand their illness, with the majority showing poor health literacy in relation to HF. Neither self‐management nor symptom monitoring is ideal in older patients with HF, although person‐centered interventions such as motivational interviewing show promising results in improving self‐efficacy in this age group. Studies examining older patients’ personal experiences of HF and the relationships between symptoms, situational antecedents, and social ties will fill a gap in the literature.Clinical RelevanceOlder patients have special care needs caused by their HF and other chronic conditions, coupled with those of great age. When symptoms of HF exacerbate, older patients are predominantly admitted to geriatric care rather than cardiac care units, implying restricted access to specialized treatment. Little is still known about the basis for self‐care abilities from both healthcare provider and patient perspectives.
Micro‐Level Discursive Strategies for Constructing Shared Views around Strategic Issues in Team Meetings
Authors: Kwon Winston , Clarke Ian , Wodak Ruth 
Published: April 2013

Abstract Management scholars have explored how certain actors in meetings – especially leaders – shape social processes of interaction and use different linguistic devices, as methods, to affect how sense is made of strategic issues. Less attention has been paid to interactions between members of the team as a whole and the repertoire of discursive strategies, or goal‐directed behaviours, that they deploy to create shared views around issues. We analyse rare empirical episodes of team discussions of strategic issues in board meetings to inductively conceptualize how this is achieved. To do this we use the Discourse‐Historical Approach (DHA) to critical discourse analysis (CDA). We reveal five discursive strategies teams use to develop shared views around strategic issues (Re/defining, Equalizing, Simplifying, Legitimating, and Reconciling) and demonstrate how they are skilfully operationalized through a range of linguistic devices or means.
Three years of neonatal morbidity and mortality at the national hospital in Dili, East Timor
Authors: Bucens Ingrid Kirsten , Reid Alison , Barreto Aniceto Cardoso , Dwivedi Vikas , Counahan Megan 
Published: April 2013

AimThe aim of this study was to undertake a retrospective review of admissions and discharges to the neonatal unit at the National Hospital Guido Valadares, Dili, in order to gain insight into the epidemiology of hospitalised neonates in East Timor, as the information cannot be obtained from the hospital health management information system.MethodData were sourced from unit registers for 3 years, 2008–2010 inclusive. Demographic characteristics and diagnoses were related to the risk of dying using stepwise multivariate logistic regression and adjusting for potential confounders of age, sex and weight.ResultsTwo thousand eighty‐eight babies were admitted to the unit over the study period. Over a quarter of babies weighed <2.5 kg on admission. Almost half were admitted from emergency or outpatient departments and only 27% were admitted within their first week of life. The most common reasons for admission were sepsis and respiratory disease (38 and 22%, respectively). Overall mortality was 11.4%, mainly attributed to prematurity (28%), infection (26%) and asphyxia (24%). Home birth, male gender, very low weight, young age and a short duration of hospitalisation were independently associated with an increased risk of death. Half of all babies weighing <1.5 kg died. Two‐thirds of deaths occurred within 2 days of admission.ConclusionsThe study provides, for the first time, an insight into the admissions and outcomes of the largest neonatal unit in East Timor. It is a baseline from which improvements to the quality of clinical care and data collection can be made.
Ceiling fan head injury to children in an Australian tropical location
Authors: Furyk Jeremy , Franklin Richard Charles , Costello Daren 
Published: April 2013

AimTo explore clinical aspects of head injuries caused by ceiling fans in children.MethodsCases were identified using a sensitive search strategy of the Townsville Emergency Department information system from 1 December 2005 to 30 April 2010, and a retrospective structured medical record review was undertaken.ResultsDuring the study period there were 136 presentations with relevant injuries, with a higher incidence in the warmer months. There were three common mechanisms; those related to ingress and egress from bunk beds, children lifted by an adult, and children jumping from a piece of furniture. Aside from lacerations, the majority of children had unremarkable history and examination findings. There were 29 Computed Tomography (CT) scans of the head performed, four skull X‐rays and no c‐spine imaging. Forty‐six children received sedation or anaesthesia as part of their management, 38 in the Emergency Department and eight in the operating theatre. Seven children sustained skull fractures and a total of 13 children were admitted to hospital for an average length of stay of 2.3 days.ConclusionsCeiling fans are a small but important source of paediatric head injury in tropical Australia. Significant injuries are possible with 5% of patients having a positive finding on CT scan. Most fractures are palpable, CT is recommended if fracture cannot be confidently excluded clinically.
Phenotypic features of innate and adaptive immunity in patients with chronic hepatitis C and end‐stage renal disease
Authors: Barbosa Kátia V. B. D. , Teixeira Rosângela , Bassetti‐Soares Eric , de Souza Aécio F. Meirelles , M. O. Penido João Milton , Teixeira‐Carvalho Andréa , Martins‐Filho Olindo A. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe knowledge of the immunological profile of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) on haemodialysis (HD) is still limited.AimsThis study investigated the immune response profile in HCV patients with concomitant ESRD focusing on the influence of the renal disease on the phenotypic profile of peripheral blood lymphocytes.MethodsImmunophenotypic features of peripheral blood leucocytes were assessed by flow cytometry in two distinct groups: HCV patients with ESRD (CHC+ESRD, n = 16) and HCV patients with normal renal function (CHC, n = 20). Two control groups that were included were as follows: HCV negative blood donors (BD, n = 15) and HCV negative patients with ESRD (ESRD, n = 19).ResultsHigher frequency of macrophage‐like and pro‐inflammatory monocytes along with enhanced frequency of CD3−CD16−CD56+, mainly CD56dim NK‐cells, were the hallmark of CHC+ESRD patients. Lower frequency of B cells with significant decreased of B1 and CD23+ B‐cells were associated with ESRD, regardless the HCV infection. Although higher rates of activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were observed in the CHC and CHC+ESRD groups, the chemotaxis of T‐cell subsets, based on their chemokine receptor expression, was affected by ESRD.ConclusionsChronic hepatitis C patients with ESRD on HD exhibit distinctive phenotypic profile of circulating leucocytes. It may be implicated in the natural history of HCV infection in this particular group of patients and warrants further investigation.
Structural basis of FliG–FliM interaction in Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Lam Kwok‐Ho , Lam Wendy Wai Ling , Wong Jase Yan‐Kit , Chan Ling‐Chim , Kotaka Masayo , Ling Thomas Kin‐Wah , Jin Dong‐Yan , Ottemann Karen M. , Au Shannon Wing‐Ngor 
Published: April 2013

SummaryFliG and FliM are switch proteins that regulate the rotation and switching of the flagellar motor. Several assembly models for FliG and FliM have recently been proposed; however, it remains unclear whether the assembly of the switch proteins is conserved among different bacterial species. We applied a combination of pull‐down, thermodynamic and structural analyses to characterize the FliM–FliG association from the mesophilic bacterium Helicobacter pylori. FliM binds to FliG with micromolar binding affinity, and their interaction is mediated through the middle domain of FliG (FliGM), which contains the EHPQR motif. Crystal structures of the middle domain of H. pylori FliM (FliMM) and FliGM–FliMM complex revealed that FliG binding triggered a conformational change of the FliM α3‐α1′ loop, especially Asp130 and Arg144. We furthermore showed that various highly conserved residues in this region are required for FliM–FliG complex formation. Although the FliM–FliG complex structure displayed a conserved binding mode when compared with Thermotoga maritima, variable residues were identified that may contribute to differential binding affinities across bacterial species. Comparison of the thermodynamic parameters of FliG–FliM interactions between H. pylori and Escherichia coli suggests that molecular basis and binding properties of FliM to FliG is likely different between these two species.
Recycling factors for ribosome disassembly in the apicoplast and mitochondrion of Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Gupta Ankit , Mir Snober S. , Jackson Katherine E. , Lim Erin E. , Shah Priyanka , Sinha Ashima , Siddiqi Mohammad Imran , Ralph Stuart A. , Habib Saman 
Published: April 2013

SummaryThe reduced genomes of the apicoplast and mitochondrion of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum are actively translated and antibiotic‐mediated translation inhibition is detrimental to parasite survival. In order to understand recycling of organellar ribosomes, a critical step in protein translation, we identified ribosome recycling factors (RRF) encoded by the parasite nuclear genome. Targeting of PfRRF1 and PfRRF2 to the apicoplast and mitochondrion respectively was established by localization of leader sequence–GFP fusions. Unlike any RRF characterized thus far, PfRRF2 formed dimers with disulphide interaction(s) and additionally localized in the cytoplasm, thus suggesting adjunct functions for the factor. PfRRF1 carries a large 108‐amino‐acid insertion in the functionally critical hinge region between the head and tail domains of the protein, yet complemented Escherichia coli RRF in the LJ14frrts mutant and disassembled surrogate E. coli 70S ribosomes in the presence of apicoplast‐targeted EF‐G. Recombinant PfRRF2 bound E. coli ribosomes and could split monosomes in the presence of the relevant mitochondrial EF‐G but failed to complement the LJ14frrts mutant. Although proteins comprising subunits of P. falciparum organellar ribosomes are predicted to differ from bacterial and mitoribosomal counterparts, our results indicate that the essential interactions required for recycling are conserved in parasite organelles.
Body growth in Hawaiian monk seals
Authors: Baker Jason D. , Johanos Thea C. , Wurth Tracy A. , Littnan Charles L. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBody length and axillary girth measurements of more than 600 free‐ranging Hawaiian monk seals from 1 to 20 yr old were analyzed. Comparison of fitted von Bertalanffy growth models confirmed there is no evidence of sexual dimorphism in this species. Substantial differences in growth patterns were detected among seven subpopulations representing the species entire geographic range. The age at which seals would be expected to attain a reference length of 180 cm ranged from just over 3 yr up to almost 7 yr at the various sites. Subpopulations exhibiting slower growth have previously been found to also exhibit lower age‐specific reproductive rates. Differences in growth of seals among sites likely indicate varying environmental conditions determining growth during the time periods represented in the sampled data.
Alterations of the default mode network in functional dyspepsia patients: a resting‐state fmri study
Authors: Liu P. , Zeng F. , Zhou G. , Wang J. , Wen H. , von Deneen K. M. , Qin W. , Liang F. , Tian J. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing brain imaging studies have emphasized the role of regional brain activity abnormalities in functional dyspepsia (FD) during the resting state. The goal of this study was to investigate the default mode network (DMN) in FD patients and healthy controls (HCs).MethodsResting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning was carried out on 49 patients and 39 HCs. Independent component analysis (ICA) was used to isolate the DMN in each subject. Group topography of the DMN was compared to study significant alteration in FD. A correlation analysis was then performed in the FD group to investigate the effects of symptom severity and the psychological factors on the DMN.Key ResultsSignificant spatial differences with the DMN in FD patients, compared with HCs, were mainly found in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC), thalamus, parahippocampal gyrus, precuneus, parietal cortex, and temporal pole. Meanwhile, Nepean Dyspepsia Index (NDI) scores were positively correlated with the pACC, and was negative correlated with the OFC. However, both the Self‐Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self‐Rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores were not correlated with any regions of interest showing differences between the FD patients and the HCs.Conclusions & InferencesThese findings suggested that the DMN might indeed undergo dysfunctional changes due to the abnormal persistent activity in FD patients. To a certain extent, the changes in the DMN were related to the FD‐related symptom severity.
Core myopathies and malignant hyperthermia susceptibility: a review
Authors: Brislin Robert P. , Theroux Mary C. 
Published: April 2013

SummaryThe core myopathies are a subset of myopathies that present in infancy with hypotonia and muscle weakness. They were formerly considered a rare type of congenital myopathy but are now recognized as being more prevalent. Due to their genetic linkage to mutations in the ryanodine receptor gene (RYR1), core myopathies (in particular, central core disease) carry a high risk of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. In this review article, we describe the phenotypical, genetic, and histopathological characteristics of core myopathies and further describe the currently understood nature of their risk of malignant hyperthermia. We also review the level of suspicion a clinician should exhibit with a child who has a possible core myopathy or other congenital myopathy presenting for an anesthetic prior to a definitive genetic analysis. For this review article, we performed literature searches using the key words anesthesiology, core myopathies, pediatric neurology, malignant hyperthermia, genetics, ryanodine receptor, and molecular biology. We also relied on literature accumulated by the two authors, who served as hotline consultants for the Malignant Hyperthermia Hotline of the Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States (MHAUS) for the past 12 years.
The Comparison of Two Analgesic Regimes after Ambulatory Surgery: An Observational Study
Authors: van der Worp Froukje , Stapel Jeroen T. , Lako Sandra , Hendriks Jan , Vissers Kris C. P. , Steegers Monique A. H. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIntroductionOver the past 15 years, the number of ambulatory surgical procedures worldwide has increased continuously. Studies show that 30% to 40% of the patients experience moderate‐to‐severe pain in the first 48 hours. The objective of this observational study is to compare the percentage of moderate‐to‐severe pain, side effects, and the use of escape medication of two different analgesic regimes after ambulatory surgery.MethodsIn this observational study, at the day care center of the Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, patients were followed during the period from April 2010 till October 2011. At the day care center, a multimodal analgesic regime with paracetamol (1000), diclofenac (75), and tramadol (50) and an analgesic regime with a combination tablet tramadol/paracetamol (37.5/325) and diclofenac (75) were prescribed in different periods for ambulatory surgery. Prior to surgery and during the first 3 days after surgery, patients were asked to complete five questionnaires. In these questionnaires, they were asked about pain (NRS) at rest and when moving, experienced side effects, and the analgesic medication taken.ResultsA total of 375 patients participated in the study, of which 99 in the tramadol group and 138 in the combination tablet tramadol/paracetamol group. The percentage of patients with moderate‐to‐severe postoperative pain was 25% to 40%. In both the groups, an equal percentage of patients experienced moderate‐to‐severe postoperative pain. Both analgesic regimes have a comparable analgesic effectiveness with each with its own specific advantages and disadvantages. On the first day after surgery, patients with the tramadol/paracetamol regime experienced more side effects (drowsiness and nausea) were less therapy compliant, but needed a smaller amount of escape medication than the patients from the tramadol group.
Hemodynamic analysis in infants with late‐onset circulatory collapse
Authors: Washio Yosuke , Uchiyama Atsushi , Nakanishi Hidehiko , Totsu Satsuki , Masumoto Kenichi , Kusuda Satoshi 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundLate‐onset circulatory collapse (LCC) is a disorder in which blood pressure decreases and oliguria suddenly occurs in preterm infants who have survived the acute stage, leading to shock, without contributing underlying factors. In order to evaluate hemodynamic changes during LCC, the correlation between myocardial functions and organ blood flow was investigated with echography.MethodsSeven very‐low‐birthweight infants were given a diagnosis of LCC during the study period. Cardiovascular and organ flow parameters of the infants were recorded prospectively, once a week, and compared with eight control very‐low‐birthweight infants with matching gestational age. Echographic study was performed before LCC, at the onset of LCC, and after LCC among infants with LCC.ResultsA significant increase in ejection fraction and a significant decrease in end systolic wall stress were observed in infants with the LCC condition. At the same time, the mean blood flow velocity increased significantly in the superior mesenteric artery, while it decreased in the anterior cerebral artery. Systolic blood flow velocity increased and mean velocity was maintained in the renal artery during LCC.ConclusionLCC is a distributive shock, characterized by a hyperdynamic state and decreased afterload. Echographic examination of organ flow during LCC is useful in understanding the pathophysiology of the disorder.
Behavioral and emotional problems in a Kuala Lumpur children's home
Authors: Abd Rahman Fairuz Nazri , Mohd Daud Tuti Iryani , Nik Jaafar Nik Ruzyanei , Shah Shamsul Azhar , Tan Susan Mooi Koon , Wan Ismail Wan Salwina 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundThere is a dearth of studies on behavioral and emotional problems in residential care children in Malaysia. This study describes the behavioral and emotional problems in a sample of children in a government residential care home and compares them with their classmates living with their birth parents.MethodsA comparative cross‐sectional study was carried out where carers from both groups were asked to fill in the translated Bahasa Melayu version of the Child Behavior Check List.ResultsForms for 53 residential care children and 61 classmates were completed. The residential care children had significantly higher scores on the rule‐breaking (P < 0.001) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) conduct problem subscales (P < 0.001). Residential care children's age significantly correlated with DSM somatic problems (P = 0.03) and post‐traumatic stress (P = 0.023). Duration of care was significantly positively correlated with rule‐breaking (P = 0.008), DSM conduct problems (P = 0.018) and externalizing scores (P = 0.017). Abuse and neglect cases had higher anxiety and depression scores (P = 0.024). Number of reasons in care positively correlated with several subscales, including total behavioral problem score (P = 0.005). Logistic regression revealed the greater number of reasons for placement a child had was significantly associated with having externalizing scores in the clinical range (P = 0.016). However, after Bonferroni correction, only the initial findings regarding rule‐breaking and DSM conduct problem scores remained significant.ConclusionsChallenges exist in managing residential care children in Malaysia, especially regarding externalizing behavior. More studies are required to describe the Malaysian scene.