bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NetEye: a user‐centered wireless sensor network testbed for high‐fidelity, robust experimentation
Authors: Ju Xi , Zhang Hongwei , Sakamuri Divya 
Published: August 2012

SUMMARYExperimentation infrastructures for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been widely adopted over the past decade for high‐fidelity validation and rapid prototyping of applications and for discovering and modeling phenomena that have led to improvements in analysis and simulation capabilities. Nonetheless, the community is still looking for more heterogeneous WSN testbeds for purposes such as federation, experiment regression analysis, and improved testbed availability. In addition, most existing WSN testbeds lack robustness and predictability in the presence of failures, and they do not provide user‐friendly support for scientific experimentation (e.g., quick repetition of experiments). We develop the NetEye testbed as a high‐fidelity, robust WSN experimentation infrastructure that provides the ease of scientific experimentation. Consisting of 130 TelosB motes with IEEE 802.15.4 radios and 15 Linux laptops with IEEE 802.11a/b/g radios, NetEye provides a WSN deployment that enables high‐fidelity experimentation with single‐hop as well as multihop WSN networking, and the lab‐scale deployment mimics network properties of building‐scale and outdoor WSN deployments. Building upon the authors’ experience in developing and using WSN testbeds in the past years, NetEye also has enhanced features that enables easy, robust scientific experimentation. In particular, NetEye provides users with a simple, powerful web portal, which streamlines users’ experience in the whole lifecycle of scientific experimentation (e.g., experiment scheduling, status monitoring, and data exfiltration). NetEye employs a stable, fault‐tolerant state machine to improve the robustness of the testbed in the presence of failures. NetEye also develops a health monitoring service NetEye Doctor that monitors hardware and software status; the real‐time health monitoring information about the testbed is seamlessly integrated with the lifecycle of experiment scheduling, experiment status monitoring, and experiment data analysis for both robust experimentation and for informed experiment analysis. To address the log‐data congestion problem in long‐running, large scale experiments, NetEye employs a TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) mechanism to ensure reliability in exfiltrating experiment data to users. To facilitate quick, repetitive scientific experimentation, NetEye also speeds up the mote programming cycle through fast job status transition and multi‐thread‐based mote programming. NetEye has been successfully running for over 3.5 years, and it has been integrated with the federated WSN experimental infrastructure KanseiGenie. NetEye is widely used by researchers from USA and Asia, and more than 10 experiments are executed through NetEye per day on average. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of a Sulglycotide‐Loaded Oral Gel with Good Stability and Improved Gastric Ulcer Inhibition
Authors: Cho Kwan Hyung , Park Young‐Joon , Choi Han‐Gon 
Published: August 2012

Abstract

Strategy, Management and Health Policy

Preclinical Research

To develop a novel sulglycotide‐loaded oral gel with good stability and gastric ulcer inhibitory activity, the effect of pH and buffer capacity on the stability of sulglycotide in aqueous solution was investigated. Sulglycotide‐loaded gels were prepared with various mucoadhesive polymers, and their stability and gastric ulcer inhibitory activity in rats were evaluated. Sulglycotide was very unstable in acidic conditions of not more than pH 4.0. Buffer capacity affected the degradation of the drug by a small amount in the alkaline solutions. Among the sulglycotide‐loaded gels tested, those with carbopol gave excellent stability. The sulglycotide‐loaded gel with phosphate buffered solution (50 mM KH2PO4, pH 7.2) and carbopol improved gastric ulcer inhibition in comparison with the sample without carbopol. In particular, this sulglycotide‐loaded gel gave the drug content of 95%, with no changes in either viscosity or pH when maintained at 60°C for 4 weeks, inhibiting gastric ulcer formation by approximately of 70%. Thus, it has potential as an oral gel with good stability and excellent gastric ulcer inhibition.
Extensive introgressive hybridization within the northern oriole group (Genus Icterus) revealed by three‐species isolation with migration analysis
Authors: Jacobsen Frode , Omland Kevin E. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractUntil recently, studies of divergence and gene flow among closely‐related taxa were generally limited to pairs of sister taxa. However, organisms frequently exchange genes with other non‐sister taxa. The “northern oriole” group within genus Icterus exemplifies this problem. This group involves the extensively studied hybrid zone between Baltimore oriole (Icterus galbula) and Bullock's oriole (I. bullockii), an alleged hybrid zone between I. bullockii and black‐backed oriole (I. abeillei), and likely mtDNA introgression between I. galbula and I. abeillei. Here, we examine the divergence population genetics of the entire northern oriole group using a multipopulation Isolation‐with‐Migration (IM) model. In accordance with Haldane's rule, nuclear loci introgress extensively beyond the I. galbula–I. bullockii hybrid zone, while mtDNA does not. We found no evidence of introgression between I. bullockii and I. abeillei or between I. galbula and I. abeillei when all three species were analyzed together in a three‐population model. However, traditional pairwise analysis suggested some nuclear introgression from I. abeillei into I. galbula, probably reflecting genetic contributions from I. bullockii unaccounted for in a two‐population model. Thus, only by including all members of this group in the analysis was it possible to rigorously estimate the level of gene flow among these three closely related species.
Phenotypic plasticity alone cannot explain climate‐induced change in avian migration timing
Authors: Van Buskirk Josh , Mulvihill Robert S. , Leberman Robert C. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractRecent climate change has been linked to shifts in the timing of life‐cycle events in many organisms, but there is debate over the degree to which phenological changes are caused by evolved genetic responses of populations or by phenotypic plasticity of individuals. We estimated plasticity of spring arrival date in 27 species of bird that breed in the vicinity of an observatory in eastern North America. For 2441 individuals detected in multiple years, arrival occurred earlier during warm years, especially in species that migrate short distances. Phenotypic plasticity averaged −0.93 days °C−1 ± 0.70 (95% CI). However, plasticity accounted for only 13–25% of the climate‐induced trend in phenology observed over 46 years. Although our approach probably underestimates the full scope of plasticity, the data suggest that part of the response to environmental change has been caused by microevolution. The estimated evolutionary rates are plausible (0.016 haldanes).
Nanoparticle‐Incorporated Functional Mesoporous Silica Colloid for Diverse Applications
Authors: Sinha Arjyabaran , Jana Nikhil R. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA generalized in situ synthesis approach has been developed to prepare primary‐amine‐terminated mesoporous silica particles incorporated with a wide range of nanoparticles in the size range 2–50 nm, such as quantum dots, iron oxide nanoparticles, doped semiconductor nanocrystals, and gold nanorods. The resultant mesoporous particles are 50–800 nm in size and have a primary‐amine‐terminated surface and different morphology such as isolated spheres, rods, wires, or covalently connected aggregates. These mesoporous particles can be transformed into different functional nanoparticles for diverse applications such as drug delivery, bioimaging, and water purification. Quantum dot incorporated mesoporous particles have been demonstrated as multifunctional drug delivery carriers with simultaneous use as imaging probes. Similarly, quantum dot/gold nanorod incorporated mesoporous particles have been used as cellular imaging probes and their cellular interaction/uptake have been enhanced after functionalization with oleyl or TAT peptide.
Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Ag‐Loaded TiO2 Nanotubes
Authors: Roguska Agata , Belcarz Anna , Piersiak Tomasz , Pisarek Marcin , Ginalska Grażyna , Lewandowska Małgorzata 
Published: August 2012

AbstractTo date, studies of modified Ti surfaces for biomedical purposes have focused on observations of their morphology and on the identification of the physicochemical properties that influence their biological response. However, for implant materials, antibacterial properties are also of high importance. The use of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles as antimicrobial components of coatings is receiving particular attention. The aim of this work is to create nanoporous oxide layers on Ti with the addition of Ag nanoparticles in order to obtain coatings having both biocompatibility and antibacterial properties for biomedical applications. TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) were grown on a Ti substrate by electrochemical oxidation at constant voltage in a mixture of glycerol, deionized water, and NH4F. Silver particles of size 2–50 nm were deposited on the surface by the sputter deposition technique. The antimicrobial activities of titanium, TiO2‐NT, and Ag/TiO2‐NT surfaces were evaluated against four different bacterial strains prevalent in orthopedic infections: S. epidermidis, S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa. Our results have shown that Ag nanoparticles can be incorporated into the biomaterial surface in a simple and economic manner suitable for the fabrication of new types of bactericidal materials. The presence of the TiO2‐NT layer significantly reduced the adhesion and biofilm formation of S. epidermidis cells on modified surfaces; the deposition of Ag nanoparticles enhanced the antiadhesive properties of the TiO2‐NT layer. Thus, these Ag/TiO2‐NT composite layers may be promising for combating post‐operative infection for applications in hard tissue replacement procedures.
Nano–Bio Interaction between Graphite Oxide Nanoparticles and Human Blood Components
Authors: Kim Hyoung‐Mi , Kim Kyoung‐Min , Lee Kyunghong , Kim Yoon Suk , Oh Jae‐Min 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe investigated the effect of graphite oxide (GO) nanoparticles, which are an emerging nanomaterial with potential applications as drug‐delivery nanocarriers, on human blood cells and plasma proteins. Graphite oxides were successfully prepared by oxidizing graphite with potassium permanganate and sulfuric acid. Powder X‐ray diffraction patterns, FTIR, and Raman spectra show that the oxidation of graphite worked well and yielded GO nanolayers. To evaluate the interaction of GO with human blood components, we studied its hemolytic effect and protein binding kinetics. The nanoparticles did not show any significant hemolytic effect during 30 min at a very high concentration of 10 mg/mL, showing high compatibility with human blood. The interaction between GO nanoparticles and human blood cells was visualized with optical microscopy. Some nanoparticles were found at the periphery of blood cells, however, significant damages or morphological changes of blood cells upon exposure to nanoparticles were not detected. When we treated GO nanoparticles with plasma proteins, such as human serum albumin, γ‐immunoglobulin, and fibrinogen, they showed concentration‐dependent binding behavior, and the binding constant is comparable with other biocompatible nanoparticles.
Ruthenocenes and Half‐Open Ruthenocenes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Their Use as CVD Precursors for Ruthenium Thin Film Deposition
Authors: Tuchscherer André , Georgi Colin , Roth Nina , Schaarschmidt Dieter , Rüffer Tobias , Waechtler Thomas , Schulz Stefan E. , Oswald Steffen , Gessner Thomas , Lang Heinrich 
Published: August 2012

AbstractConsecutive synthesis methodologies for the preparation of a series of trimethylsilyl and tert‐butyl‐substituted ruthenocenes of the type Ru(η5‐C5H3R1R2)(η5‐C5H3R3R4) (2, R1 = SiMe3, R2 = R3 = R4 = H; 3, R1 = R3 = SiMe3, R2 = R4 = H; 4, R1 = R2 = R3 = SiMe3, R4 = H; 5, R1 = R2 = R3 = R4 = SiMe3; 6, R1 = R3 = tBu, R2 = R4 = H; 7, R1 = R3 = tBu, R2 = SiMe3, R4 = H; 8, R1 = R3 = tBu, R2 = R4 = SiMe3) and Ru(η5‐2,3‐Me2C5H5)(η5‐C5H4R) (10, R = tBu; 12, R = SiMe3) are discussed and their use as a MOCVD precursor for the deposition of ruthenium is reported. The molecular structures of 3, 5–8, 10, and 12 in the solid state are reported. The half‐open ruthenocenes 10 and 12, which are liquids at ambient temperature, exhibit significantly shorter Ru–centroid (η5‐2,3‐Me2C5H5) bond lengths in contrast to ruthenocenes 3 and 5–8. The thermal behavior of all ruthenocenes was studied by thermogravimetric analysis showing that they evaporate without decomposition at atmospheric pressure. In addition, vapor pressure measurements were carried out to obtain profound information about the volatility of the synthesized sandwich compounds. The highest vapor pressures were found for 10 and 12. It was observed that the higher the number of SiMe3 groups, the higher the deposition temperature. All compounds were applied as precursors in MOCVD. The depositions on Si/SiO2 targets were carried out in a vertical cold‐wall CVD reactor between 633 and 688 K with a flow rate of 50 mL min–1 using nitrogen as the carrier gas and oxygen as the coreactant (50 mL min–1). With the tBu‐functionalized ruthenocenes 6 and 10 ruthenium thin films were obtained, while mixed ruthenium/SiO2 layers were formed with 2, 7, 8, and 12. The appropriate layers possess thicknesses between 75–135 nm and are conformal and dense as proven by SEM, EDX spectroscopy, and XPS studies.
Turning On Fluorescence with Thiols – Synthetic and Computational Studies on Diaminoterephthalates and Monitoring the Switch of the Ca2+ Sensor Recoverin
Authors: Wache Nina , Scholten Alexander , Klüner Thorsten , Koch Karl‐Wilhelm , Christoffers Jens 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe fluorescence of maleimide‐functionalized diaminoterephthalate derivatives (NiWa Orange) is “turned on” by the conjugate addition of thiols. Three new representatives of this class of dyes with emission at 560 nm were synthesized from succinyl succinates. The mechanism of turning on the fluorescence was investigated by computational studies. Radiationless transition to an energetically low‐lying excited state by a nonadiabatic interaction was the mechanism leading to absence of fluorescence prior to the reaction of the probe with its molecular target. This concept was proven by labeling cysteine‐containing peptides and proteins. For example, the single cysteine residue at position 39 of the neuronal calcium sensor protein recoverin binds to NiWa Orange and turns on its fluorescence. The Ca2+‐dependent Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) process from a tryptophan residue in proximity to Cys39‐bound NiWa Orange was used for the determination of differences in Ca2+‐binding affinities of myristoylated and nonmyristoylated recoverin.
High order interactions of xenobiotic metabolizing genes and P53 codon 72 polymorphisms in acute leukemia
Authors: Chauhan Pradeep Singh , Ihsan Rakhshan , Mishra Ashwani Kumar , Yadav Dhirendra Singh , Saluja Sumita , Mittal Vishakha , Saxena Sunita , Kapur Sujala 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPolymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolizing genes are associated with altered metabolism of carcinogens in acute leukemia (AL). This study applied two data mining approaches to explore potential interactions among P53 and xenobiotic metabolizing genes in 230 AL patients [131 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 99 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)] and 199 controls. Individually, none of the genotypes showed significant associations with AML risk. However, in ALL the CYP1A12A TC genotype was associated with increased risk (OR = 2.02; 95% CI = 1.14–3.58; P = 0.01), whereas the GSTM1 null genotype imparted reduced risk (OR = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.31–0.96; P = 0.03). In classification and regression tree analysis, combinations of GSTM1 present, CYP1A12C AA or GG, EPHX1 exon3 TC, and EPHX1 exon4 AA or GG genotype strongly enhanced the risk of AML (OR = 5.89; 95% CI = 1.40–26.62; P = 0.01). In ALL, combinations of CYP1A12A TT, P53 GG or CC and GSTP1 AG genotypes conferred the highest risk (OR = 4.19; 95% CI = 1.45–12.25; P = 0.004). In multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis, a four locus model (GSTP1, P53, EPHX1 exon3, and CYP1A12A) was the best predictor model for ALL risk. The association between this model and ALL risk remained true even at low prior probabilities of 0.01% (false positive report probability = 0.05). Interaction entropy interpretations of the best model of ALL revealed that two‐way interactions were mostly synergistic. These results suggest that high order gene–gene interactions play an important role in AL risk. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An immersed boundary method wall model for high‐Reynolds‐number channel flow over complex topography
Authors: Anderson William 
Published: August 2012

SUMMARYHigh‐Reynolds‐number channel flows regularly encounter topographies composed of multiple length scales and that protrude into the boundary layer. Physically, the presence of immersed obstacles leads to increased velocity gradients, turbulence production, and manifestation of wakes. Considerable challenges are associated with numerically describing the presence of obstacles in channel flows. Common approaches include generation of a computational mesh that is uniquely designed for the flow and obstacle, the immersed boundary method, and terrain‐following coordinates. There are challenges and limitations associated with each of these techniques. Specification of boundary conditions representing the perimeter of solid obstacles is a primary challenge of the immersed boundary method. In this document, a simplistic canopy stress‐like wall model is used to impose boundary conditions. The model isolates aerodynamically relevant local frontal areas through evaluation of the gradient of the topographic height field. The gradient of the height field describes both the surface‐normal direction and the frontal area, making it ideal for detecting areas on which the flow impinges. The model is tested in numerical simulations of turbulent half‐channel flow over topographies with different obstacles affixed–right prisms, rectangular prisms, ellipsoidal mounds, and sinusoids. In all cases, the performance is strong relative to datasets presented in the literature. Results are finally presented for numerical simulation of flow over complex synthetic fractal‐like topography and a synthetic city. These results show interesting trends in how the turbulent multiscale flow field responds to multiscale topography. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Validation of terminal peptide of procollagen III for the detection and assessment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Tanwar Sudeep , Trembling Paul M. , Guha Indra N. , Parkes Julie , Kaye Philip , Burt Alastair D. , Ryder Stephen D. , Aithal Guruprasad P. , Day Christopher P. , Rosenberg William M. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Liver biopsy is the reference standard for the detection of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) within nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study was to identify a biomarker of NASH in patients without significant fibrosis. In all, 172 patients from two centers with biopsy-proven NAFLD were included in this study. Eighty-four patients from a single center were included as a derivation cohort and 88 patients from a second center were included as a validation cohort. Serum samples were tested for candidate markers of fibrosis and inflammation alongside hematological and biochemical markers. Among patients without advanced fibrosis, terminal peptide of procollagen III (PIIINP) was the only marker found to be associated with a histological diagnosis of NASH in both cohorts. PIIINP also correlated with the total NAFLD activity score (NAS) and its constituent components (P < 0.001). Area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) for PIIINP in discriminating between NASH and simple steatosis (SS) was 0.77-0.82 in patients with F0-2 fibrosis and 0.82-0.84 in patients with F0-3 fibrosis. PIIINP was elevated in patients with advanced fibrosis, the overwhelming majority of whom had NASH. When incorporating patients with all degrees of fibrosis from both cohorts, PIIINP was able to discriminate between patients with SS and those with NASH or advanced fibrosis with AUROC 0.85-0.87. Conclusion: PIIINP discriminates between SS and NASH or advanced fibrosis. The use of a single biomarker in this context will be of clinical utility in detecting the minority of patients with NAFLD who have NASH or advanced fibrosis related to NASH. (Hepatology 2013)
Endocrine and metabolic regulation of renal drug transporters
Authors: Yacovino Lindsay L. , Aleksunes Lauren M. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractRenal xenobiotic transporters are important determinants of urinary secretion and reabsorption of chemicals. In addition to glomerular filtration, these processes are key to the overall renal clearance of a diverse array of drugs and toxins. Alterations in kidney transporter levels and function can influence the efficacy and toxicity of chemicals. Studies in experimental animals have revealed distinct patterns of renal transporter expression in response to sex hormones, pregnancy, and growth hormone. Likewise, a number of disease states including diabetes, obesity, and cholestasis alter the expression of kidney transporters. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the major xenobiotic transporters expressed in the kidneys and an understanding of metabolic conditions and hormonal factors that regulate their expression and function. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 26:407–421, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21435
Unitals Admitting All Translations
Authors: Grundhöfer Theo , Stroppel Markus , Van Maldeghem Hendrik 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAmong all 2‐‐designs, we characterize the Hermitian unitals by the existence of sufficiently many translations. In arbitrary 2‐‐designs, each group of translations with given center acts semiregularly on the set of points different from the center.