bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between fear of birth and feelings of security
Authors: Yazar Merve , Ege Emel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFear of childbirth is experienced in the pre-pregnancy period, during pregnancy and in the postpartum period, and the source of fear may vary in each period. It is stated that the experience and fear of childbirth during the birth process also have effects in the postnatal period and it is thought that it may affect feelings of security. This research was conducted in a descriptive and relationship-seeking manner to determine the relationship between fear of birth and feelings of postpartum security. Survey Form, Wijma Birth Expectation/Experience Scale Version B and Mothers’ Postpartum Sense of Security Scale were used to collect data. It was determined that there was a negative and significant relationship between birth expectation/experience and mothers’ feelings of postpartum security (β = − 0.423. p < .001). It has been established that fear of birth is related to mothers’ feelings of birth security, and as the fear of birth increases, the feeling of postpartum security decreases. As a result of the research, it was reported that mothers with high education levels, medium and high income levels, planned pregnancies, receiving prenatal care, and support from their relatives felt safer.
Left-Invariance for Smooth Vector Fields and Applications
Authors: Biagi Stefano , Bonfiglioli Andrea , Polidoro Sergio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLet $$X = \{X_0,\ldots ,X_m\}$$

X
=
{

X
0

,
…
,

X
m

}

be a family of smooth vector fields on an open set $$\Omega \subseteq \mathbb {R}^N$$

Ω
⊆

R

N

. Motivated by applications to the PDE theory of Hörmander operators, for a suitable class of open sets $$\Omega $$
Ω
, we find necessary and sufficient conditions on X for the existence of a Lie group $$(\Omega ,*)$$

(
Ω
,

∗
)

such that the operator $$L=\sum _{i = 1}^mX_i^2+X_0$$

L
=

∑

i
=
1

m

X
i
2

+

X
0

is left-invariant with respect to the operation $$*$$

∗

. Our approach is constructive, as the group law is constructed by means of the solution of a suitable ODE naturally associated to vector fields in X. We provide an application to a partial differential operator appearing in the Finance.
Causal inference of the effect of blood proteome on the risk of head and neck cancer: two-sample Mendelian randomization
Authors: Wang Zhen , Wu Jianhao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEarly diagnosis of head and neck cancer can improve therapeutic outcomes but remains a challenge. The blood proteome can comprise a key source of biomarkers that enable the early diagnosis and precision medicine in head and neck cancer, but blood protein biomarkers of head and neck cancer are not well delineated. Here we applied two-sample Mendelian randomization to a GWAS dataset of 1478 blood proteins and large dataset of head and neck cancer cases and controls to identify blood proteome traits associated with head and neck cancer. Multiple two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) methods were used to assess causal effects of the exposures, including: Inverse-variance weighted (IVW), Mendelian randomization-Egger method, Weight Median method, simple mode, weight mode. Sensitivity analysis was performed by using heterogeneity test, pleiotropy test and one-by-one exclusion test. Multivariable MR analyses were performed to assess the effects of obesity, diabetes mellitus, and smoking. A significant causal association between A Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 23 (ADAM23) and head and neck cancer was noted. The sensitivity analysis indicated no significant bias. Multivariate analysis showed that the effect for ADAM23 remained significant after adjusting for the indirect effects of obesity, diabetes mellitus and smoking. In sum, this study showed a significant causal role of genetically dysregulated ADAM23 protein with head and neck cancer risk. The specific mechanisms underlying the role of ADAM23 in mediating head and neck cancer risk, and its role as a potential therapeutic target and biomarker, need further investigation.
What Animals Can Do: Agency, Mutuality, and Adaptation
Authors: Read Catherine , Szokolszky Agnes 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe endeavor to naturalize the philosophy of biology brings the problem of agency to the forefront, along with renewed attention to the organism and organicism. In this article, we argue for a mutualist approach to agency that starts to unravel layers of this complex issue by focusing on perception and action at the core of all biological agency. The mutuality of animals and their surroundings is seen as distinct from the typical concepts of organism, preexisting environment, and their interactions. Mutuality means a deep ontological and epistemological compatibility between the organism and its surround. We suggest that the concept of direct perception developed and empirically researched in the tradition of the ecological approach, launched by James J. Gibson, offers a promising path to approach agency within an ecological–mutuality framework. At the core of our definition of agency is the animal’s ability to self-initiate actions and activities. Animals are the source of their own actions and activities within the mutual, co-defining relation to their surround. The place of agency related to mutuality has not been elaborated sufficiently thus far, in either biology or ecological psychology. In this article, our goal is to argue for the necessity of placing agency into an ecological–mutuality framework and of further research in this direction in line with Marjorie Grene’s call to assimilate Gibson’s theory of knowledge into biology.
Intramolecular [π4s + π4s] photocycloaddition of carbon- and nitrogen-bridged [32](1,4)naphthalenophanes
Authors: Oguma Yukiko , Yamamoto Masanori , Sunatsuki Yukinari , Ota Hiromi , Yamaji Minoru , Okamoto Hideki 
Published: July 2024

Abstract[32](1,4)Naphthalenophanes, bearing carbon-bridge chains (syn- and anti-NPs) and nitrogen-bridge chains (syn- and anti-ANPs), were synthesized, and their X-ray structures and photoreactions were investigated. The intramolecular separation distance between the naphthalene cores for ANPs was shorter than that for NPs, suggesting that intramolecular interactions between the naphthalene rings were more efficient for ANPs compared to NPs. Upon photoirradiation at 300 nm, anti-NP, syn-ANP and anti-ANP produced the corresponding intramolecular [π4s + π4s] cycloadducts, whereas syn-NP gave an unidentified complex product mixture. Quantum yields for the photo-consumption (ΦPC) of NPs and ANPs were evaluated to quantitatively compare their photoreactivity. The ΦPC values of ANPs were approximately two-fold higher than those of ANPs.Noteworthily, the ΦPC value of syn-ANP was estimated to be unity. Based on these results we discuss the effects of the alignments of the naphthalene cores (antivs. syn) and the bridging elements (C-bridge vs. N-bridge) on the photoreaction efficiencies of [32](1,4)naphthalenophanes.
Graphical abstract
Design of Human–Computer Interaction Gesture Recognition System Based on a Flexible Biosensor
Authors: Chen Qianhui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe continuous development of high-speed Internet technology has made the application of robots increasingly widespread. Current robots and human–computer interaction systems mostly use rigid materials, such as metals and semiconductors, which have limitations in terms of deformability and flexibility. In addition, the biocompatibility and user comfort of these materials are also an issue. Therefore, research into new flexible biosensors is essential to improve the flexibility, comfort, and interactivity of these systems. This research will select polymer hydrogel as the electrode material of the sensor and polydimethylsiloxane as the base material of the sensor to design a resistance flexible biosensor to solve the poor flexibility. The research will use a template-matching method to verify the feasibility of gesture recognition of the flexible sensor. The remote control system of the robot finger is designed by a proportional-integral differential controller tuned by aradial basis function neural network. The feasibility of the research system is verified by simulation and scene experiments. The flexible sensor studied and prepared had a sensitivity of 0.7269, a tensile limit of 300%, and a thickness of 0.16 mm, showing good sensitivity and stability. The recognition accuracy of the sensor designed in the study was 92.8%, which was 8.1% higher than that of the data glove. Compared with traditional proportional-integral derivative (PID) controllers, the improved controller system error was within 10 to 3 rad, which had better adaptability and stability. Key information includes the design method of the flexible biosensor, its high sensitivity and stability under multiple stretches, and the proposal and validation of a new RBFNN–PID control model. These results showed that using this new sensor and control model significantly improved the control accuracy of mechanical fingers and the effect of gesture recognition. These results have important implications for the development of more advanced human–computer interaction systems. They not only improve the performance and reliability of the system, but also improve the user's interactive experience. These technologies are particularly promising in the fields of prosthetics for disabled people, advanced game controllers, and remotely controlled robots operating in hazardous environments. The research results are expected to lead to the development of advanced prosthetics, augmented reality devices, advanced game controllers, and automated robots. The main contribution of the research is to design a resistive flexible biosensor, which improves the traditional sensor's poor flexibility and large size and improves the sensor's ability to sense small changes. Future research may focus on further improving the sensor's long-term stability and performance under a variety of environmental conditions. In addition, commercializing these technologies and making them universal is also an important direction for the future.
Modeling of the Impact‐Generated Hydrothermal System at the Haughton Impact Structure
Authors: Trowbridge A. J. , Marchi Simone , Osinski Gordon R. , Taron Joshua M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHypervelocity impacts can generate hydrothermal systems, which have been suggested as candidate environments for prebiotic chemistry on the early Earth. The Haughton impact structure (a 23 km diameter crater located on Devon Island, Nunavut, Arctic Canada) displays evidence of water‐rock alteration indicative of a hydrothermal system generated from a cosmic impact. To model the formation of this crater and subsequent hydrothermal alteration, we have successfully developed a new two‐code methodology that utilizes a shock physics code and a hydrothermal code (HYDROTHERM). We can best reproduce the Haughton crater with a ∼700 m diameter projectile with an impact velocity of 14 km/s. With our approach, we were able to match all the major geological constraints observed at the Haughton impact structure. Our models show that the Haughton crater interior could have sustained temperatures ideal for thermophilic and hyperthermophilic life (50–120°C) for more than 50,000 years, indicating that these systems can sustain prebiotic chemistry and life for longer than previously estimated.
Graphene oxide electrodes enable electrical stimulation of distinct calcium signalling in brain astrocytes
Authors: Fabbri Roberta , Scidà Alessandra , Saracino Emanuela , Conte Giorgia , Kovtun Alessandro , Candini Andrea , Kirdajova Denisa , Spennato Diletta , Marchetti Valeria , Lazzarini Chiara , Konstantoulaki Aikaterini , Dambruoso Paolo , Caprini Marco , Muccini Michele , Ursino Mauro , Anderova Miroslava , Treossi Emanuele , Zamboni Roberto , Palermo Vincenzo , Benfenati Valentina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAstrocytes are responsible for maintaining homoeostasis and cognitive functions through calcium signalling, a process that is altered in brain diseases. Current bioelectronic tools are designed to study neurons and are not suitable for controlling calcium signals in astrocytes. Here, we show that electrical stimulation of astrocytes using electrodes coated with graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide induces respectively a slow response to calcium, mediated by external calcium influx, and a sharp one, exclusively due to calcium release from intracellular stores. Our results suggest that the different conductivities of the substrate influence the electric field at the cell–electrolyte or cell–material interfaces, favouring different signalling events in vitro and ex vivo. Patch-clamp, voltage-sensitive dye and calcium imaging data support the proposed model. In summary, we provide evidence of a simple tool to selectively control distinct calcium signals in brain astrocytes for straightforward investigations in neuroscience and bioelectronic medicine.
Magnetic field expulsion in optically driven YBa2Cu3O6.48
Authors: Fava S. , De Vecchi G. , Jotzu G. , Buzzi M. , Gebert T. , Liu Y. , Keimer B. , Cavalleri A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCoherent optical driving in quantum solids is emerging as a research frontier, with many reports of interesting non-equilibrium quantum phases1–4 and transient photo-induced functional phenomena such as ferroelectricity5,6, magnetism7–10 and superconductivity11–14. In high-temperature cuprate superconductors, coherent driving of certain phonon modes has resulted in a transient state with superconducting-like optical properties, observed far above their transition temperature Tc and throughout the pseudogap phase15–18. However, questions remain on the microscopic nature of this transient state and how to distinguish it from a non-superconducting state with enhanced carrier mobility. For example, it is not known whether cuprates driven in this fashion exhibit Meissner diamagnetism. Here we examine the time-dependent magnetic field surrounding an optically driven YBa2Cu3O6.48 crystal by measuring Faraday rotation in a magneto-optic material placed in the vicinity of the sample. For a constant applied magnetic field and under the same driving conditions that result in superconducting-like optical properties15–18, a transient diamagnetic response was observed. This response is comparable in size with that expected in an equilibrium type II superconductor of similar shape and size with a volume susceptibility χv of order −0.3. This value is incompatible with a photo-induced increase in mobility without superconductivity. Rather, it underscores the notion of a pseudogap phase in which incipient superconducting correlations are enhanced or synchronized by the drive.
A database of chemical absorption in human skin with mechanistic modeling applications
Authors: Stevens Jessica N. , Prockter Alyson K. , Fisher Hunter A. , Tran Hien , Evans Marina V. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhether from environmental and occupational hazards or from topical pharmaceuticals, the human skin comes into contact with various chemicals every day. In vivo experiments not only require large investments of both time and money, but in vivo experiments can also be unethical due to the need to intentionally or incidentally expose humans or animals to toxic chemicals. Comparatively, in vitro experiments offer ethical and financial advantages when combined with the opportunity to selectively choose chemicals for experimentation. With in vivo experimentation being so infeasible, many scientists have chosen to make their in vitro data available publicly. Using these data, a detailed database containing 73 chemicals was created with a robust set of descriptors to be used in connection with mathematical modeling to predict diffusion, permeability, and partition coefficients. This resulting database is tailored to be easily used in various coding languages.
Influence of granite micro particles on the mechanical, damping and antimicrobial properties of silk–sisal hybrid composites
Authors: Sripriyan K. , Karthigha M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper focuses on the effect of granite-micro-filler on static mechanical properties, damping behavior, and physical characteristics of silk-sisal hybrid composite. The composites structures are fabricated by using three layers of plain weaves mat with varying weight percentages (2, 4, and 6 wt%) of granite-micro-filler by hand layer process. The effect of granite-micro-filler on silk-sisal is analyzed and results are compared with pure silk-sisal (without granite-Micro-filler) hybrid composite. The results infer that; the tensile strength and flexural strength value of the developed silk-sisal hybrid composites are increased with the increase in wt% of granite-micro-filler content than pure silk–sisal, approximately 5% and 9% improved value in order by adding 6 wt% granite-micro-filler on silk–sisal. The tensile and flexural fracture morphology analysis indicated that composed plain weave of silk–sisal fiber mat with two (longitudinal and transverse) directions possesses higher mechanical properties and also observed that, granite-micro-filler dispersed on silk–sisal fiber mat and resin with closely packed. The improved damping factor is obtained by adding 6 wt% of granite-micro-filler content, which is approximately 75.8% higher than pure silk–sisal. The physical properties of silk–sisal hybrid composite have also been analyzed and well discussed in this paper.
Human amniotic membrane modulates collagen production and deposition in vitro
Authors: Moreno Sarah E. , Enwerem-Lackland Isioma , Dreaden Kristiana , Massee Michelle , Koob Thomas J. , Harper John R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPathological fibrosis is a significant complication of surgical procedures resulting from the accumulation of excess collagen at the site of repair which can compromise the tissue architecture and severely impede the function of the affected tissue. Few prophylactic treatments exist to counteract this process; however, the use of amniotic membrane allografts has demonstrated promising clinical outcomes. This study aimed to identify the underlying mechanism of action by utilizing relevant models that accurately represent the pathophysiology of the disease state. This study employed a pro-fibrotic in vitro system using TGFβ1 stimulation and macromolecular crowding techniques to evaluate the mechanism by which amniotic membrane allografts regulate collagen biosynthesis and deposition. Following treatment with dehydrated human amnion chorion membrane (DHACM), subsequent RNA sequencing and functional enrichment with Reactome pathway analysis indicated that amniotic membranes are indeed capable of regulating genes associated with the composition and function of the extracellular matrix. Furthermore, macromolecular crowding was used in vitro to expand the evaluation to include both the effects of DHACM and a lyophilized human amnion/chorion membrane (LHACM). DHACM and LHACM regulate the TGFβ pathway and myofibroblast differentiation. Additionally, both DHACM and LHACM modulate the production, secretion, and deposition of collagen type I, a primary target for pathological fibrosis. These observations support the hypothesis that amniotic membranes may interrupt pathological fibrosis by regulating collagen biosynthesis and associated pathways.
Parallel single B cell transcriptomics to elucidate pig B cell repertoire
Authors: Bram Stanley , Lindsey Graeme , Drnevich Jenny , Xu Fangxiu , Wozniak Marcin , Medina Gisselle N. , Mehta Angad P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPork is the most widely consumed meat on the planet, placing swine health as a critical factor for both the world economy and the food industry. Infectious diseases in pigs not only threaten these sectors but also raise zoonotic concerns, as pigs can act as “mixing vessels” for several animals and human viruses and can lead to the emergence of new viruses that are capable of infecting humans. Several efforts are ongoing to develop pig vaccines, albeit with limited success. This has been largely attributed to the complex nature of pig infections and incomplete understanding of the pig immune responses. Additionally, pig has been suggested to be a good experimental model to study viral infections (e.g., human influenza). Despite the significant importance of studying pig immunology for developing infection models, zoonosis, and the crucial need to develop better swine vaccines, there is still very limited information on the response of the swine adaptive immune system to several emerging pathogens. Particularly, very little is known about the pig B cell repertoire upon infection. Understanding the B cell repertoire is especially crucial towards designing better vaccines, predicting zoonosis and can provide insights into developing new diagnostic agents. Here, we developed methods for performing parallel single pig B cell (up to 10,000 B cells) global and immunoglobulin transcriptome sequencing. We then adapted a computational pipeline previously built for human/mouse sequences, to now analyze pig sequences. This allowed us to comprehensively map the B cell repertoire and get paired antibody sequences from pigs in a single parallel sequencing experiment. We believe that these approaches will have significant implications for swine diseases, particularly in the context of swine mediated zoonosis and swine and human vaccine development.
Prevalence of antiphospholipid autoantibodies associated with biologics treatment for psoriasis
Authors: Li Lixin , Toyama Satoshi , Mizuno Yuka , Yamamoto Toyoki , Hiroshima Asahi , Koyama Asumi , Taira Haruka , Sugimoto Eiki , Ito Yukiko , Awaji Kentaro , Tateishi Shoko , Kanda Hiroko , Asano Yoshihide , Sato Shinichi , Shibata Sayaka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that sometimes necessitates therapeutic intervention with biologics. Autoantibody production during treatment with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors is a recognized phenomenon, however, the production of autoantibodies associated with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) has not been comprehensively evaluated in patients with psoriasis. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of APS-associated autoantibodies in patients with psoriasis treated with different biologics and to investigate the potential associations between autoantibody production and clinical or serological parameters. Patients with psoriasis undergoing biologics treatments were enrolled in this study, and were categorized based on the type of biologics administered, TNF, interleukin (IL)-17, or IL-23 inhibitors. Clinical and serological data were collected and analyzed in conjunction with data on APS autoantibodies. TNF inhibitors were associated with a higher frequency of APS autoantibodies compared to IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors. Notably, the presence of APS autoantibodies correlated with concurrent arthritis and higher disease severity at treatment initiation in patients treated with TNF inhibitors. Elevated Psoriasis Area and Severity Index scores and anti-nuclear antibody titers higher than × 320 were predictors of APS autoantibody production. Despite the higher autoantibody rates, clinical symptoms of APS were absent in these patients. This study provides the first comprehensive evidence of an increased frequency of APS autoantibodies associated with TNF inhibitor treatment in patients with psoriasis. The observed association between APS autoantibody positivity and TNF inhibitor treatment or clinical parameters suggests a potential immunomodulatory interplay between autoimmunity and inflammation in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.