bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and reactogenicity of a controlled human infection model of sand fly-transmitted cutaneous leishmaniasis
Authors: Parkash Vivak , Ashwin Helen , Dey Shoumit , Sadlova Jovana , Vojtkova Barbora , Van Bocxlaer Katrien , Wiggins Rebecca , Thompson David , Dey Nidhi Sharma , Jaffe Charles L. , Schwartz Eli , Volf Petr , Lacey Charles J. N. , Layton Alison M. , Kaye Paul M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe leishmaniases are globally important parasitic diseases for which no human vaccines are currently available. To facilitate vaccine development, we conducted an open-label observational study to establish a controlled human infection model (CHIM) of sand fly-transmitted cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania major. Between 24 January and 12 August 2022, we exposed 14 participants to L. major-infected Phlebotomus duboscqi. The primary objective was to demonstrate effectiveness of lesion development (take rate) and safety (absence of CL lesion at 12 months). Secondary and exploratory objectives included rate of lesion development, parasite load and analysis of local immune responses by immunohistology and spatial transcriptomics. Lesion development was terminated by therapeutic biopsy (between days 14 and 42 after bite) in ten participants with clinically compatible lesions, one of which was not confirmed by parasite detection. We estimated an overall take rate for CL development of 64% (9/14). Two of ten participants had one and one of ten participants had two lesion recurrences 4–8 months after biopsy that were treated successfully with cryotherapy. No severe or serious adverse events were recorded, but as expected, scarring due to a combination of CL and the biopsy procedure was evident. All participants were lesion free at >12-month follow-up. We provide the first comprehensive map of immune cell distribution and cytokine/chemokine expression in human CL lesions, revealing discrete immune niches. This CHIM offers opportunities for vaccine candidate selection based on human efficacy data and for a greater understanding of immune-mediated pathology. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04512742.
A brain cell atlas integrating single-cell transcriptomes across human brain regions
Authors: Chen Xinyue , Huang Yin , Huang Liangfeng , Huang Ziliang , Hao Zhao-Zhe , Xu Lahong , Xu Nana , Li Zhi , Mou Yonggao , Ye Mingli , You Renke , Zhang Xuegong , Liu Sheng , Miao Zhichao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhile single-cell technologies have greatly advanced our comprehension of human brain cell types and functions, studies including large numbers of donors and multiple brain regions are needed to extend our understanding of brain cell heterogeneity. Integrating atlas-level single-cell data presents a chance to reveal rare cell types and cellular heterogeneity across brain regions. Here we present the Brain Cell Atlas, a comprehensive reference atlas of brain cells, by assembling single-cell data from 70 human and 103 mouse studies of the brain throughout major developmental stages across brain regions, covering over 26.3 million cells or nuclei from both healthy and diseased tissues. Using machine-learning based algorithms, the Brain Cell Atlas provides a consensus cell type annotation, and it showcases the identification of putative neural progenitor cells and a cell subpopulation of PCDH9high microglia in the human brain. We demonstrate the gene regulatory difference of PCDH9high microglia between hippocampus and prefrontal cortex and elucidate the cell–cell communication network. The Brain Cell Atlas presents an atlas-level integrative resource for comparing brain cells in different environments and conditions within the Human Cell Atlas.
Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) control strategy enhancement by adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)
Authors: Ramadan Sameh , Al-Gabalaw Mostafa , EL-Shimy Mohamed , Emarah Adel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGlobal warming is a vital problem that many researchers tried to solve with so many solutions such as: reducing electricity production with conventional generators by using renewable energy resources and using hydrogen as an alternative to fossil fuels. The universal Economic crisis came across to cut off certain quantities at scheduled times. This, directly, affects renewable energy sources connected to the grid due to voltage and frequency variations. To solve this dilemma, in this paper, the grid-connected solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) model which is fed by green hydrogen to produce AC power, is developed by an Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). It is one of the artificial intelligence applications to improve grid-connected SOFC dynamic response. ANFIS is mathematically presented and simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The results show that the ANFIS controller has succeeded in enhancing most of the desired control and operation signals.
Genetic breeding for indoor vertical farming
Authors: Teo Zhi Wei Norman , Yu Hao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIndoor vertical farming emerges as a sustainable paradigm, enabling crop cultivation in vertically layered ecosystems under precisely controlled environmental parameters. This innovative approach not only bolsters climate resilience but also minimizes the strain on precious arable land and water resources, aligning with sustainable principles. While posited as a transformative solution to global food security challenges and the limitations of traditional agriculture, a pivotal facet within indoor farming necessitates sustainable optimization: the crops cultivated within. Conventional commercial crop varieties utilized in indoor vertical farming lack tailored adaptations to controlled environments, underscoring the imperative to cultivate crops endowed with distinct indoor-farming traits. These include better performance under energy-efficient artificial lighting, high growth rate, and unique flavours. In this review, we highlight recent technological advancements in crop breeding and elaborate these coveted indoor-farming traits. In addition, we illuminate potential genetic workflows essential for breeders to strategically refine crops as a foundation for the long-term sustainability of indoor farming.
Emerging toolkits for decoding the co-occurrence of modified histones and chromatin proteins
Authors: Pepin Anne-Sophie , Schneider Robert 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn eukaryotes, DNA is packaged into chromatin with the help of highly conserved histone proteins. Together with DNA-binding proteins, posttranslational modifications (PTMs) on these histones play crucial roles in regulating genome function, cell fate determination, inheritance of acquired traits, cellular states, and diseases. While most studies have focused on individual DNA-binding proteins, chromatin proteins, or histone PTMs in bulk cell populations, such chromatin features co-occur and potentially act cooperatively to accomplish specific functions in a given cell. This review discusses state-of-the-art techniques for the simultaneous profiling of multiple chromatin features in low-input samples and single cells, focusing on histone PTMs, DNA-binding, and chromatin proteins. We cover the origins of the currently available toolkits, compare and contrast their characteristic features, and discuss challenges and perspectives for future applications. Studying the co-occurrence of histone PTMs, DNA-binding proteins, and chromatin proteins in single cells will be central for a better understanding of the biological relevance of combinatorial chromatin features, their impact on genomic output, and cellular heterogeneity.
Risk factors for long-term cardiovascular post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 infection: A nested case-control study in Hong Kong
Authors: Yu Qiuyan , Fan Min , Lin Celia Jiaxi , Lui David Tak Wai , Tan Kathryn Choon Beng , Yiu Kai Hang , Akyea Ralph Kwame , Qureshi Nadeem , Lai Francisco Tsz Tsun , Wan Eric Yuk Fai , Li Xue , Chan Esther Wai Yin , Wong Ian Chi Kei , Chui Celine Sze Ling 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPeople with COVID-19 can experience post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC). Studies on risk factors of PASC outcomes are ongoing, especially for endocrine system-related diseases that may impact the cardiovascular system. Cardiac-related PASC is one of the burdens after COVID-19 infection. This study aimed to examine the risk factors of cardiac-related PASC. In this nested case-control study, we obtained electronic health records (EHRs) database from the Hong Kong Hospital Authority. We defined cases as patients with at least one cardiac-related PASC and controls as patients without any cardiac-related PASC. We applied the incidence density sampling and matched controls to cases on age and sex at a 1:10 ratio. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to determine the associations between risk factors and cardiac-related PASC. A total of 455 individuals with cardiac-related PASC and matched 3,423 controls were obtained in the underlying cohort. COVID-19-associated hospitalisation (aOR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.03–1.93) and peripheral vascular disease (aOR: 2.98, 95% CI: 1.31–6.79) were associated with an increased likelihood of cardiac-related PASC. Higher doses of the COVID-19 vaccine (2 doses: 0.68 [0.52–0.89]; ≥3 doses: 0.56 [0.40–0.78]) and more frequent healthcare utilization visits (aOR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92–0.97) were associated with a lower likelihood of cardiac-related PASC. This is the first study to examine risk factors of cardiac-related PASC among the Chinese population. We identified peripheral vascular disease and COVID-19-associated hospitalisation as the risk factors for cardiac-related PASC. COVID-19 vaccination was protective against cardiac-related PASC, which should be prioritized for high-risk patients.
A novel approach to decentralized sampled‐data fuzzy observer design for nonlinear interconnected systems
Authors: Koo Geun Bum 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper presents the decentralized sampled‐data fuzzy observer design technique for nonlinear interconnected systems based on the Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model. The interconnected system is considered that the subsystems include uncertain interconnections and are not needed to satisfy stable conditions. Based on the continuous‐time Lyapunov functional approach, the observer design technique is proposed to minimize the interconnection bound to attenuation degree ratio and formulated into the linear matrix inequality formats. Finally, by simulation example, it shows the validity and superiority of the proposed observer design technique.
Direct position determination of moving targets based on DOA
Authors: He Shuming , Jiang Yuan , Zhao Lei , Lin Guorui , Peng Bo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCompared with the traditional two‐step localization methods, the direct position determination (DPD) method is more robust at low signal‐to‐noise ratio. However, to guarantee the optimal location result, the computational complexity of DPD with grid search is too high, especially for moving targets. Therefore, a new DPD method is proposed for moving targets with low computational complexity. First, using a proposed cost function, the position information is obtained from the received array signals directly, which enhances the accuracy of localization. Second, utilizing the method of successional difference the velocity is extracted, which avoid the multi‐dimensional grid search and reduces the computational complexity. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method reduces the computational complexity greatly and outperforms the conventional methods.
A case study on integrating energy‐efficient technologies for display devices
Authors: Rahman Md. Abdur , Tunny Salma Sultana , Bhuiyan Hanif , Islam Md. Rashidul 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFor liquid crystal display‐based devices, the memory sub‐system and backlight consume a notable amount of energy, posing a critical concern, especially for portable devices. This work introduces an integrated display system (IDS) aimed at combining technologies for energy‐efficient memory usage and backlight power optimization, which have been addressed independently until now in the existing literature. Two modifications of approximated memory are proposed to find an optimal scheme for energy‐efficient memory usage as part of the proposed IDS schemes. Additionally, three distinct IDS schemes are proposed and compared to identify an optimum solution, ensuring energy efficiency maximization while maintaining image quality for each image. Experimental results demonstrate that 42.19% of energy consumption in memory access and 37.57% of the backlight power consumption can be reduced, while maintaining the image quality in terms of two different metrics.
Golay complementary sequence and constant envelope orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing‐based for integrated sensing and communication with mutual information analysis
Authors: Chen Xinyu , Rao Bin , Song Dan , Wang Wei , Zou Xiaohai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe design of waveforms plays a critical role in integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems. An ISAC waveform with a 0dB peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) is designed by combining a Golay complementary sequence with a constant envelope orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing. By adjusting the phase modulation parameters, this waveform allows for a trade‐offs between communication and sensing capabilities. The authors focus on several key performance metrics for the proposed ISAC waveform, notably using mutual information as a holistic performance indicator to assess both sensing and communication effectiveness. Through extensive numerical simulations, the authors demonstrate that the ISAC waveform significantly enhances detection probability compared to traditional phase‐modulated waveforms. The findings suggest that this approach is beneficial for designing low PAPR phase‐modulated ISAC waveforms, enhancing both the functionality and efficiency of ISAC systems.
A dusty magnetospheric stream explaining the light curves of the dipper objects: Finding a new inclination threshold to produce dippers
Authors: Nagel Erick , Bouvier Jerome , Duarte Adrián E. 
Published: August 2024

Context. The so-called “dippers” are young stellar objects that exhibit dimming episodes in their optical light curves. The common interpretation for the occurrence of these dips is that dusty regions periodically or quasi-periodically cross the line of sight toward the object.
Aims. We develop a model where we assume that these regions are located at the intersection of the magnetospheric stream with the disk. The stream is fed by gas and dust coming from the disk. As the material follows the magnetic field lines above the disk plane, it forms an opaque screen that partially blocks the stellar emission. The amount of extinction caused by the material crossing the line of sight depends on the abundance and location of the dust along the stream, which depends on the degree of dust evaporation due to the heating by the star.
Methods. We run hydrodynamical simulations of dusty accretion streams to produce synthetic dipper light curves for a sample of low-mass young stars still accreting from their disk according to evolutionary models. We compare the distribution of the light curve amplitudes between the synthetic sample and observed samples of dippers from various star-forming regions.
Results. Dust evaporation along the accretion column drives the distribution of photometric amplitudes. Our results suggest that most of the observed dippers correspond to systems seen at high inclination. However, dust survival within accretion columns may also produce dippers at lower inclination, down to about 45°. We find that the dust temperature arising from stellar irradiation should be increased by a factor 1.6 to find consistency between the fraction of dippers our model predicts in star-forming regions and the observed fraction of 20–30%.
Conclusions. Transient dust survival in accretion columns appear as an alternative (or complementary) mechanism to inner disk warp occultation in order to account for low-inclination dippers in star-forming regions.
Parameter study for hot spot trajectories around SgrA*
Authors: Antonopoulou Eleni , Nathanail Antonios 
Published: August 2024

Context. Intense flaring events in the near-infrared and X-ray wavebands of our Galactic center have been the subject of research for decades. In recent years, the GRAVITY instrument of the Very Large Telescope captured the motion and polarimetric signature of such a flare in close proximity to the supermassive black hole.
Aims. This study aims to investigate a broad parameter space for hot spot motion in the vicinity of SgrA* and reproduce the observed flaring behavior.
Methods. To this end, we have developed a general relativistic radiative transfer code and conducted a parameter study including both planar and ejected hot spot configurations around supermassive black holes.
Results. Super-Keplerian orbital frequencies are favored by circular equatorial, cylindrical and parabolic models, whereas conical hot spot trajectories provide a better fit for orbital frequencies below the Keplerian value. Additionally, a distant observer cannot effectively differentiate between Schwarzschild and Kerr black holes, as well as face-on orbits at different observation angles.
The Susceptibility of Escherichia Coli to Antibiotic Treatment for
Pediatric Patients With Febrile Urinary Tract Infections in the Bratislava
Region
Authors: Pitekova Barbora , Konopásek Patrik , Babelova Miriama , Gecz Jakub , Hlasna Kristina , Breza Jan , Barton Peter , Zieg Jakub 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUrinary tract infections are one of the most common types of bacterial infections
in childhood. Normally, empiric antibiotic therapy is given based on local
antimicrobial susceptibility. We performed a retrospective study to evaluate
bacterial resistance and clinical responses to antibiotics in childhood febrile
urinary tract infections (fUTIs) in the Bratislava region of Slovakia. A total
of 182 children with a fUTI were enrolled in our retrospective study. 84,07% of
these fUTIs were caused by pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli). According to
microbial antibiotic susceptibility tests, the most effective antibiotic agents
were third-generation cephalosporins (susceptibility was observed in 92,16%
(n=141) of the cases), followed by aminopenicillins with betalactamase inhibitor
(susceptibility was observed in 84,97% (n=130) of the cases) and
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (susceptibility was observed in 79,74% (n=122) of
the cases). In contrast, E. coli was susceptible to second-generation
cephalosporins in just 3,92% (n=6). Patients treated with third-generation
cephalosporins achieved a clinical response to therapy almost in all of the
cases (95,7% (n=66)), whereas second-generation cephalosporins were associated
with a clinical response to therapy in only 55,9% (n=33) of the cases.
Third-generation cephalosporins and aminopenicillins with a betalactamase
inhibitor appear to be the most suitable initial antibiotic therapies in
pediatric patients with fUTIs. Following current guidelines alongside the
regular assessment of regional microbial antibiotic susceptibilities should
provide the best treatment management for children with fUTIs.
Aesthetic Auricle Reconstruction with the Dieffenbach Flap: A Retrospective Case Review
Authors: Bennett Anne L. , Nissan Michael E. , Niksic Amor , Basagaoglu Berkay , Thornton James 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Dieffenbach flap is often used for post-Mohs reconstruction of auricle defects, effectively restoring the auricle rim. However, its impact on auricle projection and length after division and inset is not well-documented. This study evaluates auricle projection and length following defect repair with the Dieffenbach flap, comparing results to the nonoperative ear. We conducted a retrospective review of patients who underwent a Dieffenbach flap repair surgery at a single institution from 2016 to 2023. Auricle projection and length of the reconstructed ear were measured within the first month following division and inset of the flap and compared with the contralateral ear. A subset of patients had additional measurements > 1 month following division and inset, and these measurements were compared with the contralateral ear. Our study included 23 patients with an average age 67.4 years and 78.3% male. Within 1 month following division and inset, the Dieffenbach flap resulted in a significant decrease in auricle projection (16.5 vs. 18.6 mm, p < 0.05) and length (67.0 vs. 69.7 mm, p < 0.05) compared with the contralateral ear. Subsequent follow-up showed no significant differences in projection (18.5 vs. 18.5 mm, p = 0.98) or length (68.0 vs. 68.7 mm, p = 0.54). Following division and inset of the Dieffenbach flap, auricle projection and length experience initial reduction but subsequently self-correct to match the contralateral ear.
Photoredox-Catalyzed Synthesis of N-Aryl γ-Lactams via Radical Addition–Cyclization Cascade
Authors: Azim Aznur , Vasudevan Vidhul , De Sarkar Suman , Mandal Tanumoy 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA visible-light mediated one-pot synthesis of N-aryl γ-lactams is developed following a cascade radical addition/cyclization sequence. This transition metal-free approach proceeds efficiently at room temperature, employing an organic dye as the photocatalyst. Inexpensive N-arylglycines and acrylic acid derivatives were used as the starting materials and a vast array of diversely substituted N-aryl γ-lactams were synthesized in moderate to excellent yields. Detailed mechanistic experiments and comprehensive photophysical studies elucidated a plausible reaction mechanism.
Endoluminal radiofrequency ablation with stenting versus stenting alone in patients with malignant biliary obstruction: a meta-analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Ramai Daryl , Maida Marcello , Smith Eric R. , Wang Yichen , Spadaccini Marco , Previtera Melissa , Chandan Saurabh , Huang Yuting , Tokmak Salih , Bhandari Peter , DuBroff Jason , Ko Christopher , Morris John D. , Marasco Giovanni , Crinó Stefano Francesco , Facciorusso Antonio , Mangiavillano Benedetto , Khashab Mouen A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background: Endoluminal radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a palliative treatment for patients suffering from malignant biliary obstruction (MBO). We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of RFA on stent patency, patient survival, and adverse events.
Methods: Major databases were searched through December 2023 for patients who had undergone stenting with or without RFA for extrahepatic MBO. A random-effects model was used for analysis, with results expressed as relative risk ratios (RRs) with 95%CIs.
Results: Nine RCTs involving 750 subjects with MBO (374 RFA plus stent vs. 376 stent only) were included. Meta-analysis revealed similar risks of stent patency at 3 months (RR 1.01, 95%CI 0.92–1.11; I
2 = 4%) for RFA plus stenting vs. stent only. Meta-analysis showed improved survival at 6 months (RR 0.84, 95%CI 0.73–0.96; I
2 = 21%; P = 0.01) for RFA plus stenting vs. stent only. Subgroup analysis comparing plastic vs. uncovered metal stents showed that stent patency was unaffected at 3 months (RR 1.06, 95%CI 0.91–1.23; I
2 = 17%). Subgroup analysis showed that patients with cholangiocarcinoma experienced an overall survival benefit with RFA plus stenting vs. stenting alone (P < 0.001); however, stent patency remained unaffected (P = 0.08). An increased incidence of cholecystitis was noted with RFA plus stenting vs. stenting alone (5.1% [95%CI 3.1%–7.8%] vs. 0.3% [95%CI 0.01%–1.5%], respectively).
Conclusion: Combining endoluminal RFA and stenting may improve overall survival in patients with MBO. RFA did not significantly impact stent patency.