bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence for long timescale (>103 years) changes in hydrothermal activity induced by seismic events
Authors: Howald T. , Person M. , Campbell A. , Lueth V. , Hofstra A. , Sweetkind D. , Gable C. W. , Banerjee A. , Luijendijk E. , Crossey L. , Karlstrom K. , Kelley S. , Phillips F. M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe pollen 14C age and oxygen isotopic composition of siliceous sinter deposits from the former Beowawe geyser field reveal evidence of two hydrothermal discharge events that followed relatively low‐magnitude (<M5) earthquakes of Holocene and late Pleistocene age along the Malpais fault zone in Whirlwind Valley, Nevada, USA. The observed 20‰ trend of decreasing δ18O over about a 5000‐to‐7000‐year period following each earthquake is consistent with a fault‐controlled groundwater flow system that, following initial discharge of deep and hot groundwater, contains increasing amounts of cool meteoric water through time. Model simulations of this hydrothermal system can only match trends in the isotope data if we include a thousand‐fold increase in fault permeability (from <10−14 m2 to >10−11 m2) following each earthquake. However, the timescale for onset of thermal convection implied by an overturned temperature profile in a geothermal well 300 m from the Malpais fault is much shorter: 200–1000 years. We speculate that individual segments of the Malpais fault become clogged on shorter timescales and that upward flow of groundwater subsequently follows new routes to the surface.
Frontier/Fronteira: A Transnational Reframing of Brazil's Inland Colonization
Authors: Langfur Hal 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe following essay examines Portuguese and Brazilian understandings of the frontier as a term and concept applicable to Brazil's colonial history. It argues that Brazilian scholars often rejected the frontier as an analytical concept because of perceived excesses in its application to U.S. history. These reservations proved prescient, as their North American colleagues would come to share many of the same objections. In pushing the idea aside, however, Brazilian scholars sometimes overlooked the historical relevance of frontier incorporation during the colonial period. A renewal of scholarly interest in the subject points to a growing conviction that the colonial history of Brazil cannot be adequately rendered without close attention to internal territorial consolidation, whether or not the term frontier is used to describe this process. This foreign paradigm from the past century, one that never quite caught on among Brazilian intellectuals, has now been reshaped and rehabilitated.
Effectiveness of a preventive program based on caries risk assessment and recall intervals on the incidence and regression of initial caries lesions in children
Authors: Abanto Jenny , Celiberti Paula , Braga Mariana Minatel , Vidigal Evelyn Alvarez , Cordeschi Thais , Haddad Ana Estela , Bönecker Marcelo 
Published: November 2014

BackgroundEvidence on caries risk assessment (CRA) and recall intervals are limited in terms of caries prevention.AimTo assess the effectiveness of a program on the incidence and regression of initial caries lesions.DesignA total of 296 children aged 1–12 years old were assessed by calibrated examiners for Gingival Bleeding Index, Dental Plaque Index, dmf‐t/DMF‐T Index, initial caries lesions, and caries lesion activity. Children were classified as low, moderate, and high caries risk with different recall interval visits. Statistical analysis included Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier curves.ResultsThe mean (SD) time of total follow‐up for the sample was 11.5(5.5). Higher dmft index at baseline showed a higher risk of new initial lesions (HR = 1.93; P < 0.0001). Higher number of active initial lesions, at baseline and during follow‐up visits, is a higher risk predictor for new initial lesions (HR = 9.49; P < 0.0001), as well as for no arrestment of active lesions during follow‐up (HR = 1.32; P < 0.0001). Each follow‐up visit attended presented a 77% lower risk of initial lesions. The majority (94.8%) of patients did not show new initial lesions.ConclusionsThe Program is effective on reducing the incidence and promoting regression of initial caries lesions in children.
The relationship between nurse staffing and inpatient complications
Authors: Schreuders Louise Winton , Bremner Alexandra P. , Geelhoed Elizabeth , Finn Judith 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAimTo compare characteristics of hospitalizations with and without complications and examine the impact of nurse staffing on inpatient complications across different unit types.BackgroundStudies investigating the relationship between nurse staffing and inpatient complications have not shown consistent results. Methodological limitations have been cited as the basis for this lack of uniformity. Our study was designed to address some of these limitations.DesignRetrospective longitudinal hospitalization‐level study.MethodAdult hospitalizations to high intensity, general medical and general surgical units at three metropolitan tertiary hospitals were included. Data were sourced from Western Australian Department of Health administrative data collections from 2004–2008.We estimated the impact of nurse staffing on inpatient complications adjusted for patient and hospital characteristics and accounted for patients with multiple hospitalizations.ResultsThe study included 256,984 hospitalizations across 58 inpatient units. Hospitalizations with complications had significantly different demographic characteristics compared with those without. The direction of the association between nurse staffing and inpatient complications was not consistent for different inpatient complications, nurse skill mix groups or for hospitalizations with different unit movement patterns.ConclusionOur study design addressed limitations noted in the field, but our results did not support the widely held assumption that improved nurse staffing levels are associated with decreased patient complication rates. Despite a strong international focus on improving nurse staffing to reduce inpatient complications, our results suggest that adding more nurses is not a panacea for reducing inpatient complications to zero.
When Farm Couples Break Up: Gendered Moralities, Gossip and the Fear of Stigmatisation in Rural Communities
Authors: Haugen Marit S. , Brandth Berit 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis article draws on interviews with farm women and men who have experienced a family break up to analyse their experiences of gender expectations in family farming, their fear of stigmatisation and their receipt of help from the rural community. The interviews illustrate their compliance with dominant constructions of rural gendered moralities. Men struggled to live up to the ideals of rural masculinity, which centre on hard work, self‐sufficiency and mental strength. Women, who were strongly influenced by the moral norms of rural womanhood, managed to retain their feminine dignity as being caring and considerate of the family. Rural communities are often characterised as nurturing close relationships, but also as being pervaded by social control and gossip. Both women and men interpreted their break up as a private matter and deliberately avoided disclosing their relationship problems in order to protect themselves and their families from gossip, which made it difficult for them to seek and receive help from the rural community. While some of the hardships are recognisable for any divorced couple, the article is concerned with the rural farm particularities of the divorce situation.
Nonfrequent but well‐documented, rare and very rare HLA alleles observed in the Croatian population
Authors: Grubic Z. , Burek Kamenaric M. , Maskalan M. , Stingl Jankovic K. , Zunec R. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of nonfrequent, rare and very rare alleles among Croats and to estimate whether they are associated with specific alleles at other human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci. This retrospective study included the typing results from the last 10 years; total number of individuals included was approximately 45,000. Among 17 alleles so far observed only once in our population, 6 (A*24:41, B*07:02:28, B*35:03:03, B*39:40N, DRB1*13:23 and DRB1*14:111) belong to very rare alleles, 2 (B*44:16 and DRB1*01:31) belong to rare alleles according to the ‘Rare Alleles Detector’ tool (
www.allelefrequencies.net), while for the B*35:101:01 allele published data exist only in the IMGT/HLA database. The remaining eight HLA alleles observed only once among Croats are considered as frequent according to the ‘Rare Alleles Detector’. Those 17 HLA alleles are not declared as common well defined (CWD) alleles in the CWD allele catalogue 2.0.0. Haplotype analysis of nonfrequent alleles detected in our sample supports the idea that different populations, although similar in some aspects regarding HLA allele and haplotype distribution, still have some unique characteristics. This is the case for A*01:02, B*39:10 and DRB1*13:32 which form haplotypes unreported to date among our subjects.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Nitrincola
sp. Strain A-D6, an Arsenic-Resistant Gammaproteobacterium Isolated from a Salt Flat
Authors: Valdés Natalia , Rivera-Araya Javier , Bijman Jonathan , Escudero Lorena , Demergasso Cecilia , Fernández Sebastián , Ferrer Alonso , Chávez Renato , Levicán Gloria 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT

We report
Nitrincola
sp. strain A-D6, which was characterized as an arsenic-resistant bacterium isolated from the Ascotán Salt Flat in northern Chile. The size of the genome is 3,795,776 bp, with a G+C content of 49.96%. Genes for the arsenic-resistant Ars system and arsenic oxidation have been encoded.
Genome Sequence of Gammaproteobacterial Pseudohaliea rubra Type Strain DSM 19751, Isolated from Coastal Seawater of the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Spring Stefan , Fiebig Anne , Riedel Thomas , Göker Markus , Klenk Hans-Peter 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT

Pseudohaliea rubra
strain DSM 19751
T
is an aerobic marine gammaproteobacterium that was isolated from surface coastal seawater of the Mediterranean Sea. Here, we present its genome sequence and annotation. Genome analysis revealed the presence of genes involved in the synthesis of bacteriochlorophyll-
a
and the reserve compound glycogen.
Complete Genome Sequence of Corynebacterium ureicelerivorans DSM 45051, a Lipophilic and Urea-Splitting Isolate from the Blood Culture of a Septicemia Patient
Authors: Tippelt Anna , Albersmeier Andreas , Brinkrolf Karina , Rückert Christian , Fernández-Natal Isabel , Soriano Francisco , Tauch Andreas 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT

Corynebacterium ureicelerivorans
is an opportunistic pathogen with a lipophilic lifestyle and an exceptionally high urease activity. The genome sequence of the type strain revealed that lipophilism is caused by the lack of a fatty acid synthase gene. The
ureABCEFGD
genes are similar to the urease gene region of
Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum
.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Hoeflea
sp. Strain BAL378, a Potential Producer of Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Bentzon-Tilia Mikkel , Riemann Lasse , Gram Lone 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT

Some phytoplankton-associated marine bacteria produce bioactive compounds. Members of the genus
Hoeflea
may be examples of such bacteria; however, data describing their metabolisms are scarce. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Hoeflea
sp. strain BAL378, a putative producer of bacteriocins, polyketides, and auxins, as demonstrated by genome mining.
Characteristics of platelet indices, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and erythrocyte sedimentation rate compared with C reactive protein in patients with cerebral infarction: a retrospective analysis of comparing haematological parameters and C reactive protein
Authors: Lee Jong-Han , Kwon Kyum-Yil , Yoon Soo-Young , Kim Hyon-Suk , Lim Chae Seung 
Published: November 2014

ObjectiveElevation of C reactive protein (CRP) is one of the major acute-phase responses following ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke. This study aims to investigate the associations between platelet indices, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) compared with CRP in patients with cerebral infarction.SettingThe clinical data of patients with cerebral infarction were analysed retrospectively.ParticipantsWe analysed, unduplicated, 516 patients with cerebral infarction (mean age 66.2±12.7, male/female=291/225).Outcome measuresMean platelet volume (MPV), MPV to platelet count, NLR and ESR were compared with CRP in patients with cerebral infarction in a single institute through Spearman correlation test.ResultsThere were significant correlations between CRP and MPV (ρ=0.088, p=0.045), NLR (ρ=0.4, p<0.001) and ESR (ρ=0.468, p<0.001) in patients with cerebral infarction. In the male group, NLR (ρ=0.398, p<0.001) and ESR (ρ=0.502, p<0.001) showed significant correlations with CRP. In the female group, CRP showed significant correlations with MPV (ρ=0.17, p=0.011), NLR (ρ=0.392, p<0.001) and ESR (ρ=0.475, p<0.001).ConclusionsMPV, NLR and ESR showed significant correlation with CRP in patients with cerebral infarction. MPV and NLR are cost-effective and simple parameters that can be attainable by using an automatic haematology analyser. Further well-designed and large-scale prospective studies are warranted to evaluate platelet indices or NLR for monitoring patients with cerebral infarction.
A Method for Extracting Postevent Storm Tracks
Authors: Lakshmanan Valliappa , Herzog Benjamin , Kingfield Darrel 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAlthough existing algorithms for storm tracking have been designed to operate in real time, they are also commonly used to do postevent data analysis and research. Real-time algorithms cannot use information on the subsequent positions of a storm because it is not available at the time that associations between frames are made, but postevent analysis is not similarly constrained. Therefore, it should be possible to obtain better tracks for postevent analysis than those that a real-time algorithm is capable of producing. In this paper, a statistical procedure for determining storm tracks from a set of identified storm cells over time is described. It is found that this procedure results in fewer, longer-lived tracks at the potential cost of a small increase in positional error.
Sleep continuity: a new metric to quantify disrupted hypnograms in non-sedated intensive care unit patients
Authors: Drouot Xavier , Bridoux Agathe , Thille Arnaud Wilfrid , Roche-Campo Ferran , Cordoba-Izquierdo Ana , Katsahian Sandrine , Brochard Laurent , d’Ortho Marie-Pia 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Sleep in intensive care unit (ICU) patients is severely altered. In a large proportion of critically ill patients, conventional sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns are replaced by atypical sleep. On the other hand, some non-sedated patients can display usual sleep EEG patterns. In the latter, sleep is highly fragmented and disrupted and conventional rules may not be optimal. We sought to determine whether sleep continuity could be a useful metric to quantify the amount of sleep with recuperative function in critically ill patients with usual sleep EEG features.

Methods
We retrospectively reanalyzed polysomnographies recorded in non-sedated critically ill patients requiring non-invasive ventilation (NIV) for acute hypercapnic respiratory failure. Using conventional rules, we built two-state hypnograms (sleep and wake) and identified all sleep episodes. The percentage of time spent in sleep bouts (<10 minutes), short naps (>10 and <30 minutes) and long naps (>30 minutes) was used to describe sleep continuity. In a first study, we compared these measures regarding good (NIV success) or poor outcome (NIV failure). In a second study performed on a different patient group, we compared these measurements during NIV and during spontaneous breathing.

Results
While fragmentation indices were similar in the two groups, the percentage of total sleep time spent in short naps was higher and the percentage of sleep time spent in sleep bouts was lower in patients with successful NIV. The percentage of total sleep time spent in long naps was higher and the percentage of sleep time spent in sleep bouts was lower during NIV than during spontaneous breathing; the level of reproducibility of sleep continuity measures between scorers was high.

Conclusions
Sleep continuity measurements could constitute a clinically relevant and reproducible assessment of sleep disruption in non-sedated ICU patients with usual sleep EEG.
TEG®- or ROTEM®-based individualized goal-directed coagulation algorithms: don’t wait - act now!
Authors: Spahn Donat R 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn trauma patients, TEG® and ROTEM® allow prediction of massive transfusion requirement and mortality, and creation of goal-directed, individualized coagulation algorithms that may improve patient outcome. This outcome benefit has been shown for cardiac surgery in prospective randomized trials. For trauma, only non-randomized studies have been performed. Nevertheless, TEG® and ROTEM® are highly promising monitoring techniques to guide coagulation management in all types of major bleeding, including trauma.
The protective effects of a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, sildenafil, on postresuscitation cardiac dysfunction of cardiac arrest: metabolic evidence from microdialysis
Authors: Zhang Qian , Yuan Wei , Wang Guoxing , Wu Junyuan , Wang Miaomiao , Li ChunSheng 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Recent experimental and clinical studies have indicated the cardioprotective role of sildenafil during ischemia/reperfusion injury. The aim of this study was to determine, by obtaining metabolic evidence from microdialysis, if sildenafil could reduce the severity of postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction and lead to cardioprotection through beneficial effects on energy metabolism.

Methods
Twenty-four male piglets were randomly divided into three groups: sildenafil (n = 8), saline (SA; n = 8) and sham operation (n = 8). Sildenafil pretreatment consisted of 0.5 mg/kg sildenafil administered once intraperitoneally 30 minutes prior to ventricular fibrillation (VF). The myocardial interstitial fluid (ISF) concentrations of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, glutamate and glycerol were determined by microdialysis before VF. Afterward, the piglets were subjected to 8 minutes of untreated VF followed by 15 minutes of open-chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation. ISF was collected continuously, and the experiment was terminated 24 hours after resuscitation.

Results
After 8 minutes of untreated VF, the sildenafil group exhibited higher glucose and pyruvate concentrations of ISF and lower lactate and glutamate levels in comparison with the SA group, and these data reached statistical significance (P < 0.05). Advanced cardiac life support was delivered to both groups, with a 24-hour survival rate showing a promising trend in the sildenafil group (7 of 8 versus 3 of 8 survivors, P < 0.05). Compared with the SA group, the sildenafil group had a better outcome in terms of hemodynamic and oxygen metabolism parameters (P < 0.05). Myocardial tissue analysis revealed a dramatic increase in the contents of ATP, ADP and phosphocreatine in the sildenafil group versus the SA group at 24 hours after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC; P = 0.03, P = 0.02 and P = 0.02, respectively). Furthermore, 24 hours after ROSC, the sildenafil group had marked elevations in activity of left ventricular Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase compared with the SA group (P = 0.03, P = 0.04, respectively).

Conclusions
Sildenafil could reduce the severity of postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction, and it produced better clearance of metabolic waste in the ISF. This work might provide insights into the development of a novel strategy to treat postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction.
A systematic review of adult admissions to ICUs related to adverse drug events
Authors: Jolivot Pierre-Alain , Hindlet Patrick , Pichereau Claire , Fernandez Christine , Maury Eric , Guidet Bertrand , Hejblum Gilles 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAdverse drug events (ADE) may lead to hospital admission, and in some cases admission to an ICU is mandatory. We conducted a systematic review dealing with the incidence of ADE requiring ICU admission in adult patients, the reference population being all ICU admissions. Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases were screened from January 1982 to July 2014, using appropriate key words. Only original articles in English reporting the incidence of ADE requiring ICU admission in adult patients among total ICU admissions were included. Article eligibility was assessed by two independent reviewers, a third being involved in cases of disagreement. All reported characteristics (type of ICU, characteristics of patients, incidence of ADE, severity and preventability, drugs involved, causality) in the selected articles were collected for the review. The quality of studies was independently assessed by two reviewers with a specific score that we developed. A meta-analysis was conducted. Inclusion criteria were fulfilled by 11 studies out of the 4,311 identified in the initial literature search. The median (interquartile) quality score was 0.61 (0.44; 0.69). The reported incidences of ADE requiring ICU admission in adult patients ranged from 0.37 to 27.4%, with an associated mortality rate ranging from 2 to 28.1% and a mean length of stay ranging from 2.3 to 6.4 days. Preventable events accounted for 17.5 to 85.7% of the events. Costs and mechanisms at the root of ADE were investigated in only two and five studies, respectively. The forest plot examining the incidence of ADE requiring ICU admission in adult patients was associated with high heterogeneity (I2 statistic >98%), and the shape of the corresponding funnel plot was asymmetric. Heterogeneity across studies concerned many features, including studied populations, events considered, causality assessment methods, definitions of preventability and severity. Despite the heterogeneity of the reports, our review indicates that ICU admission due to ADE is a significant issue that should deserve further interest. The review led us to propose a list of items devoted to the reporting of future studies on ADE requiring ICU admissions.