bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the order of marriage in Russia (based on the materials of the Pilot book)
Authors: Alontseva D. V. , Ocheretko E. A. 
Published: July 2024

The relevance of the research is determined by the fact that, based on the analysis of the Pilot Book, knowledge about the genesis of ancient Russian family law is expanding, allowing to reveal the historical roots of modern legislation in this area and to identify the influence of cultural, religious and social factors on the formation of norms and principles of family law. The scientific discussion on this issue contributes to a deep understanding of the history of the Russian state and law, the actualization of issues of marriage and family relations in the context of modern challenges and changes in society.The purpose of the study is to reveal the features, conditions and procedure of marriage in Russia.The objectives are to identify the factors influencing the order of marriage, identify obstacles to marriage, and establish the religious and legal basis of marital and family relations.Methodology. The methodological basis is determined by the historical and legal nature of the research, based on the principles of historicism, a systematic approach and objectivity in understanding the legacy of the Pilot Book.Results. In the course of the study, the foundations of family legislation were determined, among them are: the chaste nature of premarital relations, which does not violate the foundations of family values and life in marriage; the definition of marriage as a union of a man and a woman, with the aim of legitimate childbearing and avoiding a sinful life; the consent of both spouses to marry, the absence of obstacles to marriage (kinship, nepotism, etc.); the obligatory wedding of the spouses and the blessing of the priest of the couple; the responsibility of the husband for the wife.Conclusion. In the conditions of modern Russia, the appeal to the historical and legal heritage of the past is dictated by the need to strengthen the authority and support the institution of the family and basic family values. The analysis of the norms of the Steering Book (Nomocanon), which laid the foundations of family legislation, helps to understand the values and principles that have been formed in society over the centuries and influence modern legislation.
Some problems of adaptation of migrants in the context of criminological analysis of prevention crimes (using the example of the Kursk region)
Authors: Novichkov V. E. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The article presents modern data indicating those conditions of adaptation of migrants that may encourage them to commit crimes, as well as those factors that influence the effectiveness of crime prevention in the field of migration. It has been established that the level of public confidence in the quality of adaptation of foreigners to the modern socio-cultural space is falling, and certain factors sharply increase both the level of migrant phobia on the part of the population and destabilize the crime situation in the country.The purpose of the study is to complement scientific knowledge in terms of identifying factors influencing: the effective adaptation of migrants, their level of crime and the efficiency of crime prevention in the field of migration.Objectives: conduct a criminological analysis of the processes of social adaptation of migrants and assess the level of their integration into Russian society; determine the attitude of the Russian population towards migrants, using the example of the Kursk region and the level of migrant phobia, as well as crime in the field of migration.Methodology. When writing a scientific article, universal methods of cognition of social processes (dialectical, system-structural, generalizations, etc.) and specific methods (analysis, synthesis, statistical method, methods of participant observation, survey and computer generalization using the IBM SPSS Statistics platform) were used.The results of the study made it possible to identify previously unaccounted for risk factors, as well as to determine factors of adaptation of migrants in Russia that influence integration processes that generate negative attitudes of the population towards migrants, including in connection with the commission of crimes.Conclusion. Modern Russian society is faced with an unwillingness to fully perceive migration as equal social actors. This phenomenon signals a possible increase in the near future of migrant phobia and the involvement of migrants in committing acts of a socially dangerous nature.
The public danger of an act in an intersectoral dimension
Authors: Urda M. N. , Urda A. O. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. In the criminal law doctrine, the sign of public danger is defined as fundamental, allowing one to distinguish a crime from other offenses. The increasing complexity of existing legal relations and the unsystematic development of sectoral rule-making call into question this dogmatic judgment. The feasibility of using this characteristic as an unconditional basis for criminalization requires verification.The purpose of the study is to assess the prospects for using the sign of public danger to criminalize an act and distinguish a crime from other offenses.Objectives: study the genesis of the material sign of a crime with the identification of its criminal-political function at the stage of its emergence and in the process of evolution.Methodology. The methodological basis of the study was the universal dialectical method of cognition of phenomena and processes of the surrounding reality. In the course of developing the theoretical provisions of the work, historical-legal, formal-logical, formal-legal, semantic and other methods were also used.Results. Initially, the sign of public danger had a fundamentally different criminal and political meaning. It opened up wide possibilities for applying the law by analogy. The question of distinguishing the criminal from the noncriminal through its use was not raised. Subsequently, the demarcation of protective legislation and attempts to give sectoral uniqueness to criminal law by using a material sign of the social danger of an act did not resolve the issue of the boundaries of criminalization and the limits of the state’s punitive power; on the contrary, the situation worsened. Using examples from practice, based on the judgments of researchers about the essence of the social danger of an act, the authors of the article question the advisability of using this feature as an unconditional basis for the criminalization of an act.Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that in the process of criminalization of an act, the focus of attention should be shifted from an idealized sign of social danger to the principles of criminalization: economy of repression, formal certainty, intersectoral consistency and proportionality, as well as the expediency of criminalization (declaring a crime) from the perspective of the possibilities of criminal the right to influence real relationships, transforming them qualitatively.
"Expand the range, improve the quality of service...": about the organization of trade and public catering on the Moscow-Kursk-Donbass railway in the late 1950s
Authors: Golovin E. А. 
Published: July 2024

The relevance of the stated topic is determined by the special social significance of trade and public catering in the daily life of the population. Moreover, in modern conditions, their role is not decreasing, but only increasing. Improving the mechanisms of functioning of the service sector can be successful not only with the active use of the achievements of digital civilization, but also with the rational use of the experience of previous generations. In scientific and historical terms, the topic of organized satisfaction of consumer demand for food and basic necessities is little studied, especially in relation to the recent Soviet past. The issues of the history of departmental trade and catering have also not received adequate coverage in the scientific literature, which motivates their development from the standpoint of the methodological apparatus available to scientists today.The purpose of the study is to summarize the experience of organizing trade and catering in railway transport in the late 1950s on the basis of archival documents and published materials.The objectives: to reveal the specifics of transport trade in the period under review; characterize the problems of organizing catering for railway workers.Methodology. The research was based on the principles of objectivity and historicism. To solve the problems, the author used historical-genetic, historical-systemic, historical-comparative, typological, and retrospective methods.Results. The study of the experience of trade and catering enterprises of railway transport made it possible to objectively assess the role of departmental social policy in creating favorable conditions for the performance of professional duties by employees with a special working regime.Conclusions. The main problem in the organization of transport trade and nutrition during the study period should be recognized as the inability to organize an uninterrupted supply of food to workers who worked on remote crossings and linear sections. The other traditional flaws of Soviet trade and catering were also characteristic of the railway sphere of labor supply.
Administrative-territorial transformations in the Kursk region in the mid 1940s – early 1960s: main practices and results
Authors: Argunov O. N. , Esipov D. M. , Korovin V. V. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Issues of intraregional administrative and territorial transformations, including in the Kursk region, currently remain practically unstudied. This is due, on the one hand, to the specifics of the source base of the problem, which is a set of official legal documents, statistics and regulations, and, on the other hand, to insufficient interest on the part of researchers. Meanwhile, studying the specifics of the implementation of various administrative-territorial transformations in the post-war period using the example of a specific region has serious scientific significance: it allows us to detail the features of the socio-economic development of territories, demographic and migration aspects, etc., which creates the opportunity to take a slightly different look at history of the Kursk region.The purpose. Reveal the features of the dynamics of the administrative-territorial structure of the Kursk region in the mid-1940s – early 1960s.Objectives: based on the study of a complex of historical sources, show the prerequisites, logic and course of intraregional administrative and territorial transformations of the Kursk region in the period indicated above.Methodology. When writing the work, the authors relied on the fundamental methods of historical science (the principles of historicism and objectivity), as well as on a number of specific historical and general scientific methods (analytical, comparative historical, genetic, etc.).Results. Currently, in local historiography there are no scientific works on the history of the administrative-territorial structure of the Kursk region. The reference publications available to historians are replete with inaccuracies and errors. This work partly identifies these errors, and also shows the mechanisms for changing the administrative-territorial structure of the Kursk region in the mid-1940s – early 1960s.Conclusion. The administrative and territorial transformations that took place in the Kursk region in the mid1940s – early 1960s had a predominantly socio-economic basis. The rapid development of individual territories required changes in the network of village councils, districts, the creation of new regions, as well as the abolition of ineffective administrative-territorial units. The party and state leadership of the region and the country in most cases responded quite quickly to these needs, however, as practice has shown, not all of them were consolidated in practice.
Protection of personal data of Internet user after death
Authors: Alikhadzhiyeva I. S. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The article examines the problems associated with the protection of personal data of deceased citizens, including those posted on social media accounts, on other online-platforms, analyzes the «right to be forgotten» in relation to personal information about a person after his death.The purpose of the study is to supplement scientific provisions aimed at deepening the theory of law on the posthumous protection of personal data of a person, including his digital assets, on the removal of irrelevant and inaccurate information in succession; in developing proposals to address gaps in civil regulation of digital inheritance and «digital death».Objectives: to determine legal means of protecting personal data of a person and other personal information posted on the global network after his death; identify shortcomings of the current legislation; update, taking into account the scientific discussions of legal scholars, proposals for improving the protection of intangible benefits of this category of citizens.Methodology. To achieve a theoretical and practical result, the study was carried out with the involvement of the of schenoscientific and private scientific methods - dialectical, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, statistical, analysis of judicial practice, formal-legal, system-analytical and formal-logical methods.The results of the study are of a theoretical-applied and legislative nature. They include proposals to resolve problems related to the protection of personal data of deceased citizens, the heritability of their virtual assets, including social media accounts. To overcome gaps in civil law, legalization of some concepts (digital inheritance, digital assets, “digital death”) is required, recognition in certain cases of a digital asset as a virtual property by the hereditary mass, the introduction of a probate order, the appointment of a digital keeper, etc.Conclusion. Taking into account foreign experience, Russian legislation on the protection of personal data, personal information and digital assets of a person after his death is characterized by legal unresolved and uncertainty, which must be eliminated through the modernization of the norms of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, regulatory laws and user agreements.
Civil liability of a medical organization for personal data leakage
Authors: Agarkov B. V. , Surkov A. N. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. When considering claims for leakage of information constituting the patient's personal data and his medical confidentiality, the courts give a different assessment of the grounds for civil liability of medical organizations. The article reveals the established approaches to assessing the guilt of a medical organization that violated the confidentiality of personal information of citizens who applied for medical help.The purpose of the study is to supplement theoretical provisions aimed at deepening scientific knowledge about the civil liability of medical organizations for the unlawful dissemination and (or) use of patient's personal data, including information related to medical confidentiality; development of proposals to eliminate the imbalance of the patient's personal data confidentiality regime and his right to legal assistance.Objectives: analyze civil legislation, legislation on personal data, the positions of the Constitutional and Supreme Courts of the Russian Federation regarding the protection of patient personal data, decisions of courts of general jurisdiction on claims of liability of medical organizations for unlawful actions with personal data that resulted in the leakage of personal information about patients; to study and update the proposals available in theory aimed at uniform law enforcement in cases of this category.Methodology. The study was carried out through methods of induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, formal-legal, system-analytical and formal-logical methods, as well as a method for generalizing judicial practice. The results are reflected in the formulated proposals aimed at improving the judicial protection of personal data of patients of medical organizations, and the uniformity of judicial practice in terms of the responsibility of medical organizations in cases of this category.Conclusion. In cases of responsibility of medical organizations for the leakage of personal data of patients, uniform law enforcement did not work out. The right of a lawyer to access the personal data of persons who received medical assistance did not receive an unambiguous assessment by judicial practice. To eliminate the existing gaps in the protection of the intangible benefits of the patient under consideration, the need to exclude their personal data from the confidentiality regime for the administration of justice and in the provision of qualified legal assistance under the contract is argued.
Needs of Patients With Gynecologic Cancer and Their Caregivers for Obtaining mHealth-Supported Self-Management: Focus Group Study
Authors: Campbell Grace B , Kim Hansol , Klinedinst Tara C , Klinger Julie , Lee Young Ji , Donovan Heidi S 
Published: July 2024

Background
Family caregivers of individuals with gynecologic cancer experience high levels of distress. Web-based caregiver support interventions have demonstrated efficacy in improving caregiver outcomes. However, the lack of portability could be a limitation. Mobile health (mHealth) apps could fill this gap and facilitate communication between patient-caregiver dyads.

Objective
We sought to obtain information on desired usage and features to be used to design an mHealth self-management support app targeting both patients with gynecologic cancer and their caregivers.

Methods
We conducted Zoom focus groups with women who had been treated for gynecologic cancers (ovarian, fallopian, primary peritoneal, uterine, endometrial, cervical, and vulvar); patients were also asked to invite a self-identified “closest support person” (caregiver). A semistructured focus group guide was used to elicit information on patients’ and caregivers’ perceived gaps in information and support, desired features of an mHealth app, and interest in and preferences for app usage. After transcription, rapid qualitative analysis using a thematic matrix was used to identify common themes across groups.

Results
A total of 8 groups were held. The final sample included 41 individuals with gynecologic cancer and 22 support persons or caregivers (total n=63). Patients were aged between 32 and 84 years, and most (38/41, 93%) were White and married. For caregivers (n=22), 15 (68%) identified as male and 7 (32%) as female, with ages ranging between 19 and 81 years. Overall, 59% (n=13) of caregivers were spouses. Questions geared at eliciting 3 a priori topics yielded the following themes: topic 1—gaps in information and support: finding relevant information is time-consuming; patients and caregivers lack confidence in deciding the urgency of problems that arise and from whom to seek information and guidance; topic 2—desired features of the mHealth app: patients and caregivers desire centralized, curated, trustworthy information; they desire timely recommendations tailored to specific personal and cancer-related needs; they desire opportunities to interact with clinical and peer experts through the app; and topic 3—interest and preferences for app usage: need for private space in the app for patients and caregivers to get information and support without the others’ knowledge; patients and caregivers desire having control over sharing of information with other family members.

Conclusions
Designing a single mHealth app to be used by patients and caregivers presents unique challenges for intervention designers and app developers. Implications of the study suggest that app developers need to prioritize flexibility in app functionality and provide individuals the ability to control information sharing between patients and caregivers.
Predicting Long-Term Engagement in mHealth Apps: Comparative Study of Engagement Indices
Authors: Tak Yae Won , Lee Jong Won , Kim Junetae , Lee Yura 
Published: July 2024

Background
Digital health care apps, including digital therapeutics, have the potential to increase accessibility and improve patient engagement by overcoming the limitations of traditional facility-based medical treatments. However, there are no established tools capable of quantitatively measuring long-term engagement at present.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate an existing engagement index (EI) in a commercial health management app for long-term use and compare it with a newly developed EI.

Methods
Participants were recruited from cancer survivors enrolled in a randomized controlled trial that evaluated the impact of mobile health apps on recovery. Of these patients, 240 were included in the study and randomly assigned to the Noom app (Noom Inc). The newly developed EI was compared with the existing EI, and a long-term use analysis was conducted. Furthermore, the new EI was evaluated based on adapted measurements from the Web Matrix Visitor Index, focusing on click depth, recency, and loyalty indices.

Results
The newly developed EI model outperformed the existing EI model in terms of predicting EI of a 6- to 9-month period based on the EI of a 3- to 6-month period. The existing model had a mean squared error of 0.096, a root mean squared error of 0.310, and an R2 of 0.053. Meanwhile, the newly developed EI models showed improved performance, with the best one achieving a mean squared error of 0.025, root mean squared error of 0.157, and R2 of 0.610. The existing EI exhibited significant associations: the click depth index (hazard ratio [HR] 0.49, 95% CI 0.29-0.84; P<.001) and loyalty index (HR 0.17, 95% CI 0.09-0.31; P<.001) were significantly associated with improved survival, whereas the recency index exhibited no significant association (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.70-2.42; P=.41). Among the new EI models, the EI with a menu combination of menus available in the app’s free version yielded the most promising result. Furthermore, it exhibited significant associations with the loyalty index (HR 0.32, 95% CI 0.16-0.62; P<.001) and the recency index (HR 0.47, 95% CI 0.30-0.75; P<.001).

Conclusions
The newly developed EI model outperformed the existing model in terms of the prediction of long-term user engagement and compliance in a mobile health app context. We emphasized the importance of log data and suggested avenues for future research to address the subjectivity of the EI and incorporate a broader range of indices for comprehensive evaluation.
Identifying Significant Factors Associated with Career Selection: A survey based study in Pakistan
Authors: Fatima Waseem  , Farah Haneef  , Rabeeh Ayaz Abbasi  , Muhammad Nouman Noor  , Aisha Khalid  
Published: July 2024

To best utilize the talent of students, they should be provided appropriate guidance in selecting their careers. In this paper, we explore and verify significant factors associated with an appropriate career selection that can lead to success. We consider three broad categories of factors: educational interests and problems, environmental issues and family background. Among these broader categories, we identify seven significant factors important for appropriate career selection of students. These include parents’ professions, financial problems, favorite subjects in high school, availability of educational facilities, economic circumstances and parents’ influence. We also study the relation between professional degree and its relevancy to a profession. Based on a sample (n=228), we find that in Pakistan, around 71% professionals adopt professions relevant to their professional degrees, whereas 29% professionals either do partially relevant jobs or join some completely irrelevant professions. Results suggest that for a successful career, students should study the subject most suited to their interests and pursue careers relevant to their professional degrees.