bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two New Mononuclear Mn(II) and Cu(II) Mixed‐Ligand Complexes Incorporating 2,6‐Di(1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl)pyridine and 2‐Hydroxy Naphthaldehyde‐Derived Schiff Base: Structural, Theoretical, and Phenoxazinone Synthase Mimicking Activity
Authors: Abdou Aly 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe current investigation involved the synthesis and detailed characterization of novel mixed‐ligand complexes of Mn(II) (MnDPPNPH) and Cu(II) (CuDPPNPH). These complexes incorporate 2,6‐di(1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl)pyridine (DPP) and a Schiff base derived from 2‐hydroxy naphthaldehyde (NPH). The synthesized complexes revealed a stoichiometric ratio of 1:1:1 (metal:DPP:NPH), indicative of an octahedral coordination geometry around the Mn(II) and Cu(II) centers, as represented by the chemical formula [M (DPP)(NPH)(Cl)]. To elucidate their structural and electronic properties, theoretical calculations were performed. These calculations facilitated the optimization of the geometrical structures and provided insights into the molecular orbital characteristics of the complexes. The MnDPPNPH and CuDPPNPH complexes demonstrated potential phenoxazinone synthase mimicking activity by catalyzing aerial coupling of o‐aminophenol (OAPh) to form phenoxazine‐2‐one (phenox). The mimicking activity of these complexes was quantitatively assessed using Michaelis–Menten enzymatic kinetics. Various enzyme kinetics plots were employed to determine several kinetic parameters, including the specificity constant and turnover number (kcat), which are crucial for understanding the efficiency of the catalytic cycles. Remarkably, the synthesized MnDPPNPH and CuDPPNPH complexes exhibited significantly higher turnover numbers (kcat) compared to previously reported complexes. This finding suggests that these new complexes possess superior catalytic activity, highlighting their potential as effective catalysts for reactions mimicking the function of phenoxazinone synthase.
Catalytic Activity of Fe/Mn Porphyrins Grafted on Graphitic Carbon Nitride in the Heterogeneous Oxidation of Olefins
Authors: Rayati Saeed , Bathaee Hamideh , Badiei Alireza 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBiomimetic heterogeneous catalysts were prepared by immobilization of meso‐tetrakis(4‐carboxyphenyl)porphyrinatomanganese(III) acetate (MnTCPP) and meso‐tetrakis(4‐carboxyphenyl)porphyrinatoiron(III) chloride (FeTCPP) on graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) nanosheets. The anchored catalysts were characterized by various techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, powder X‐ray diffraction, ultraviolet visible, photoluminescence, flame atomic absorption, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the prepared catalysts were thermally stable up to almost 350°C, exhibiting high thermal stability. In the following, the catalytic efficiency of the prepared nanocatalyst was also investigated for the oxidation of various olefins with hydrogen peroxide (as a green oxidant) and the effect of various parameters which may affect the catalytic efficiency was optimized. The maximum conversion (100% for α‐methylstyrene and 97% for cyclooctene) was obtained in the presence of MnTCPP@C3N4. The Mn porphyrin nanocatalyst shows higher catalytic efficiency compared to the Fe porphyrin.
Macroscopic preparation of polylactic acid/graphene composite fiber film with efficient antibacterial and thermal properties
Authors: Huang Tingshan , Wang Jiangfeng , Cui Keyang , You Haining , Peng Linghao , Yan Kun , Yang Chenguang , Zhao Qinghua , Wang Dong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhotothermal antibacterial composite membranes have a broad range of clinical applications such as wound dressing, drug delivery, and physiotherapy. However, existing photothermal antimicrobial films have limitations related to biosafety, stability, and degradability. Herein, we develop an environmentally‐friendly composite membrane with antibacterial properties, photothermal conversion capability, and facile processing. The composite membrane film is comprised of polylactic acid (PLA) with graphene (G) and is synthesized via melt co‐blending and hot pressing. We verify that graphene is uniformly dispersed in the PLA phase, and an antibacterial rate of 99.7% can be achieved by a PLA/G composite membrane with only 3.0 wt.% graphene added. Moreover, the obtained films exhibit efficient photothermal conversion, reaching thermal treatment temperatures (40–60°C) within 10 s and maintaining temperature stability for extended periods. Additionally, the composite fiber film exhibited a tensile strength of 3.5 cN/dtex and good hydrophobicity (>90° contact angle). The combination of antibacterial properties, efficient photothermal conversion, noninfiltration, high strength, hydrophobicity, and mechanical stability, along with the inherent degradability of PLA and the scalability of the synthesis process for mass production, offer broad application prospects for PLA‐based composite materials.
A surrogate fuel emulating the physical and chemical properties of aviation biofuels
Authors: Ding Qingmiao , Xiong Changhong , Cui Yanyu , Zhao Fang , Li Hailong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe development of aviation biofuels is a key strategy for reducing carbon emissions in the aviation industry. This study aimed to establish a surrogate model for aviation biofuels using a hybrid approach that combined explicit equations with an artificial neural network (ANN). The low heating value was calculated using an explicit equation, whereas the ANN predicted changes in density, viscosity, surface tension with temperature, and the distillation curve of the surrogate model. An optimization algorithm was then employed to identify suitable substitutes, which consisted of 11.44% n‐decane, 43.43% n‐dodecane, 43.11% n‐tetradecane, and 2.02% methylcyclohexane. The maximum error between the physical properties of the surrogate components and the measured biofuels did not exceed 7%. The ignition delay time of the substitute components matched that of real aviation biofuels at an equivalence ratio of 1.0 and a pressure of 10 bar.
Synthesis of mesoporous niobium phosphosilicate with high catalytic activity in the conversion of glucose to 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural in water solvent
Authors: Shen Wanling , Zhu Haihang , Cheng Xiaoman , Li Xin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMesoporous niobium‐based solid acid catalysts were successfully synthesized using the soft template method with sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) as the template. In most studies the template is calcined to form mesopores after hydrothermal synthesis; however, in this study SLS was retained to produce niobium‐carbon composite catalysts. The catalysts obtained were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption–desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and static contact angle measurements. The catalytic activity of the solids was also investigated in the conversion of glucose to 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) using pure water as the solvent. Under optimal conditions, niobium‐carbon composite catalyst achieved a glucose conversion yield of 65.1% and an HMF yield of 42.1%. The enhanced catalytic activity was attributed to the timely extraction of the HMF by the carbonized SLS.
Antimicrobial Activity of ZnS and ZnO‐TOP Nanoparticles Againts Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Bouasla Nabila , Abderrahmane Sihem , Obeizi Zahra , Sarah Messast , Saoudi Adel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aims to synthesize ZnS nanoparticles (NPs) and investigate their biocidal effects, along with those of ZnO‐Trioctylphosphine (ZnO‐TOP) NPs, on various pathogenic microbes. The NPs were synthesized via the polyol method using the forced hydrolysis of zinc acetate. They were characterized by XRD and TEM. The average sizes of ZnS and ZnO‐TOP are 3.63 nm and 16.28 nm, respectively. The antimicrobial activities were assessed using agar‐well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and biofilm inhibition. The results showed that ZnS and ZnO‐TOP NPs have potent antimicrobial activity against all tested pathogen microbes. A zone of maximum inhibition (ZMI) of 20±0.54 and 22±0.26 was observed in the case of ZnS for Acinetobacter baumannii and Candida albicans, respectively. For ZnO‐TOP, a ZMI of 20±0.15 and 20±0.19 is obtained for Pseudomonas. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and A. baumannii, respectively. Percentages of biofilm inhibition at 128 μg/ml were notably high for Enterococcus faecalis (96.83 % with ZnO‐TOP and 91.17 % with ZnS) and Staphylococcus aureus (87.27 % with ZnO‐TOP and 76.37 % with ZnS). The results suggest that ZnS and ZnO‐TOP nanoparticles have promising potential as effective antimicrobial agents, especially against biofilm‐forming pathogens, indicating their potential for future use in treating microbial infections.
Multidimensional structural racism and estimated cancer risk from traffic‐related air pollution
Authors: White Emily B. , Ekenga Christine C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundTraffic‐related air pollutants have been associated with a variety of adverse human health impacts, including cancers. In the United States, numerous studies have documented racial inequities in neighborhood exposures to traffic‐related air pollution. Emerging evidence suggests that structural racism may influence neighborhood exposures to air pollutants. However, existing research has largely focused on residential racial segregation, one indicator of structural racism. This study developed a multidimensional measure of structural racism to examine the relationship between structural racism and estimated cancer risk from air pollutants in Georgia.MethodsCarcinogenic air toxics data were obtained from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s 2019 Air Toxics Screening Assessment and sociodemographic data from the American Community Survey. Guided by stakeholder input, county‐level data on residential segregation, education, employment, incarceration, economic status, political participation, and homeownership were used to create a multidimensional county‐level structural racism index. Relative risks (RRs) were estimated for associations between structural racism and elevated (top 10% in Georgia) estimated cancer risk from air toxics.ResultsMultilevel analyses revealed a significant association between multidimensional structural racism and exposure to carcinogenic traffic‐related air pollutants. Neighborhoods in the highest quartile of structural racism exhibited an elevated cancer risk from traffic‐related air pollutants (RR, 7.84; 95% CI, 5.11–12.05) compared to neighborhoods with lower levels of structural racism.ConclusionsMultidimensional structural racism was associated with estimated cancer risk from traffic‐related air pollution in Georgia. Findings can inform future studies and policy interventions that address racial inequalities in exposure to traffic‐related air pollution.
Junction temperature monitoring of silicon carbide MOSFET based on turn‐off voltage spike
Authors: Liu Xinbo , Liu Bo , He Shuiyuan , Diao Lijian , Diao Lijun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBecause of the advantages of high switching speed, silicon carbide (SiC) devices are widely used in high‐power power electronic equipment. Real‐time monitoring of junction temperature is very important for the safe operation of equipment. There have been many studies on traditional junction temperature monitoring methods based on Si IGBT, but the dynamic characteristics of SiC MOSFETs are changed due to their different physical structure and parasitic parameters, which make the traditional methods no longer applicable. In this paper, the junction temperature can be extracted from the switching process of SiC MOSFET by using the turn‐off voltage spike as the index of thermosensitive electrical parameter (TSEP). In addition, the effect of working voltage, current, and different materials on turn‐off voltage spike is also studied. The simulation platform of Ansys/Simplorer and the experimental test platforms are built, and the theory of junction temperature detection based on turn‐off voltage spike is verified. The simulation and experimental results show that turn‐off voltage spike is a feasible TSEP, which can be used to extract junction temperature of SiC MOSFET with good linearity and instantaneity.
Bidirectional Relations Among Maternal Positive Emotion, Infant Positive Emotionality, and Infant Physiological Regulation Across the First 18 Months of Life
Authors: Shin Eunkyung , Lytle Marisa N. , Zhou Anna M. , LoBue Vanessa , Buss Kristin A. , Pérez‐Edgar Koraly 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTRespiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), a marker of self‐regulation, has been linked to developmental outcomes in young children. Although positive emotions may have the potential to facilitate physiological self‐regulation, and enhanced self‐regulation could underlie the development of positive emotions in early childhood, the relation between positive emotions and physiological self‐regulation in infancy has been relatively overlooked. The current study examined the bidirectional associations among maternal positive emotion, infant positive emotionality, and infant resting RSA across the first 18 months of life. We used data from the Longitudinal Attention and Temperament Study (LanTs; N = 309 in the current analysis) to test the within‐ and between‐person relations of study variables over time using a random‐intercepts cross‐lagged panel model. We found that infants with higher overall levels of positive emotionality also displayed greater resting RSA, and their mothers exhibited higher levels of positive emotion. However, there were negative cross‐lagged associations within‐person; higher than average infant positive emotionality predicted lower levels of infant resting RSA at the subsequent timepoint during early infancy, whereas higher than average infant RSA subsequently predicted decreased levels of infant positive emotionality later in infancy. Results highlight the importance of considering transactional relations between positive emotion and physiological self‐regulation in infancy.
A new technique for ureteral resection to prevent urine dissemination and cancer seeding
Authors: Hoshina Hayato , Sugihara Toru , Kurokawa Masayuki , Endo Kaori , Takaoka Ei‐ichiro , Ando Satoshi , Kume Haruki , Fujimura Tetsuya 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionWe describe a case in which robot‐assisted radical ureterectomy was performed for residual ureteral recurrence in a postoperative patient with renal pelvis cancer.Case presentationA 75‐year‐old woman underwent laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy for left renal pelvic cancer at another hospital. During follow‐up, a papillary tumor was found in the bladder on cystoscopy, and a continuous tumor was found in the residual ureter on computed tomography. Robot‐assisted radical ureterectomy was performed in combination with transurethral resection of bladder tumors. To avoid urine spillage, bladder cuff excision was performed using a mechanical suture device while monitoring the interior of the bladder.ConclusionWe developed a new technique for remnant ureteral resection using cystoscopy and a vascular stapler to prevent urine dissemination and cancer seeding.
A new species of Verbascum (Scrophulariaceae) from Iraq
Authors: Al-Musawi A. H. E. , Al-Bermani A. K. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryDuring the taxonomic studies of the genus Verbascum, the comparison of all Iraqi herbarium material and field studies a new species, Verbascum aqranse, has been discovered. The new described species is native in the northern mountains of Iraq near Aqra.
Cytology of the tribe Dalbergieae (Leguminosae) from Nigeria
Authors: Husaini S. W. H. , Gill L. S. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryChromosome counts of 7 species in 3 genera of the tribe Dalbergieae have been made from Nigerian material. Chromosome numbers for Dalbergia lactea (n = 10), D. saxatilis (n = 10), Machaerium lunatus (n = 9) and Pterocarpus mildbraedii (n = 10) are reported here for the first time. Distribution maps of the species are provided.
Studies on Bupleurum L. in India I. Secretory Structures in the leaves
Authors: Chakrabarty Chaitali , Mukherjee P. K. 
Published: August 2024

SummarySecretory structures in the form of schizogenous canals and/or oil sacs are found to occur in thirteen of the sixteen taxa of Bupleurum L. investigated from India. Their absence was found in xeric ones. Canals are always associated with the vascular traces but this may or may not be true for sacs, which are predominantly scattered in the mesophyll tissue. Interestingly, canals differing in structure may occur with exclusion of saces, but not vice‐versa.
Über Orchis maxima C. Koch und ihre Hybride mit Orchis punctulata Stev. ex Lindl.
Authors: Kümpel Horst 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungNach Untersuchungen des Autors ist Orchis maxima C. Koch morphologisch und chorologisch deuüich gegen O. purpurea Huds. abgegrenzt. O. maxima C. Koch wird beschrieben und mit O. purpurea Huds. verglichen. Kurze Anmerkungen über O. punctulata Stev. ex Lindl. und Beschreibung einer neuen Hybride O. × suckowii Kümpel aus der Umgegend von Sotschi (UdSSR). Abbildungen nach lebenden Pflanzen sind beigefügt.
Primulaceae — its evolution and assessment in status as jugded through cytotaxonomy
Authors: Sarkar A. K. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryCytological analysis on different members of Primulaceae, collected both from the Eastern and Western Himalayas, has been carried out in detail. The members embrace four genera namely Primula, Androsace, Lysimachia and Anagallis.The species of Primula collected from the Himalayas fall under different sections proposed by different authors. Most of the sections of Primula are characterised by varying chromosome series which are quite related to each other. Evidences SO far obtained suggest that sections of Primula represent a natural assemblage. The number of species occurring in the Eastern Himalayas is found to be more than that of the Western Himalayas. In general the Himalayan representatives are mostly characterised by diploids The two numbers n = 9 and 11 are very frequent in this genus studied.Meiosis has been found to be regular in most of the species, the karyotype data 100 have revealed some uniform features in the basic structures.The present investigation has further revealed that in this Eastern Himalayan sector, the cytological forms are mostly represented by diploids, ansuploids and polyploids, the majority being low diploid forms. In view of extensive distribution of Primula in the Himalayas with luxuriant growth and varieties of genotypes — it appears that this Eastern Himalayan sector might have been the centre of origin of several species Primula.Within Androsace, the general morphology of the karyotype as brought out here shows symmetry in their long chromosomes and the taxa must be regarded as primitive as compared to the members of Primula. Androsace possibly represents a step in evolution which Primula must have passed during its evolutionary development.Lysimachia and Anagallis too have been studied during the present project The karyotype of Lysimachia shows feature common to the other genera Primula.It may be concluded that in the evolution of the family Primulaceae, aneuploidy, polyploidy and cryptic structural alterations are the principal factors.
Nature of ergastic substances in some West African Compositae
Authors: Omoigui I. D. , Gill L. S. 
Published: August 2024

SummarySeeds of 46 species of Compositae were examined for fats & oils, starch and protein. All the examined species except 5 are herbs. Fats & oils were found to be present in all the investigated taxa and protein bodies were present in 7 species (Eleutheranthera ruderalis, Emilia coccinca, E. praetermissa, E. sonchifolia, Gynura miniata, Tithonia diversifolia and T. rotundifolia). Starch grains were found to be absent in all the investigated species.
Beiträge zum xerothermen Vegetationskomplex Böhmens III. Die Sandvegetation in Böhmen
Authors: Toman Miloslav 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungDieser Teil der Arbeit beschreibt die charakteristische Krautartige Sandvegetation Böhmens und ordnet sie einerseits in die Klasse Sedo‐Scleranthetea, andererseits in den Verband Koelerio‐Phleion phlcoidis ein. Sie bringt die erste Dokumentation des Koelerio‐Phleion phleoidis in Böhmen.Der Verfasser schlägt vor, den Verband Koelerio‐Phleion phleoidis in die Ordnung Festucetalia valesiacae zu überführen sowie die Vereinigung der Verbände Corynephorion canescentis und Koelerion glaucae als Koelerion glaucae. Es wird die Verbreitung bedeutender sandliebender Arten in Böhmen sowie ihre Reduktion auf etlichen Fundorten beschrieben. Außerdem werden die restlichen Xerothermrasen‐Gesellschaftendes Elbniederung‐Doksy‐Bezirks behandelt.
Strategic deactivation of mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines: New applications for siRNA therapy and RIBOTACs
Authors: Hulscher Nicolas , McCullough Peter A. , Marotta Diane E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe rapid development and authorization of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines by Pfizer‐BioNTech (BNT162b2) and Moderna (mRNA‐1273) in 2020 marked a significant milestone in human mRNA product application, overcoming previous obstacles such as mRNA instability and immunogenicity. This paper reviews the strategic modifications incorporated into these vaccines to enhance mRNA stability and translation efficiency, such as the inclusion of nucleoside modifications and optimized mRNA design elements including the 5′ cap and poly(A) tail. We highlight emerging concerns regarding the wide systemic biodistribution of these mRNA vaccines leading to prolonged inflammatory responses and other safety concerns. The regulatory framework guiding the biodistribution studies is pivotal in assessing the safety profiles of new mRNA formulations in use today. The stability of mRNA vaccines, their pervasive distribution, and the longevity of the encapsulated mRNA along with unlimited production of the damaging and potentially lethal spike (S) protein call for strategies to mitigate potential adverse effects. Here, we explore the potential of small interfering RNA (siRNA) and ribonuclease targeting chimeras (RIBOTACs) as promising solutions to target, inactivate, and degrade residual and persistent vaccine mRNA, thereby potentially preventing uncontrolled S protein production and reducing toxicity. The targeted nature of siRNA and RIBOTACs allows for precise intervention, offering a path to prevent and mitigate adverse events of mRNA‐based therapies. This review calls for further research into siRNA and RIBOTAC applications as antidotes and detoxication products for mRNA vaccine technology.