bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« L’épreuve de la lecture publique »
Authors: Lacroix Michel 
Published: November 2014

Cet article se penche sur le projet fondateur de la revue Études françaises et l’esprit qui en a marqué les premières décennies en montrant, en premier lieu, comment la création de celle-ci s’inscrit dans une transformation marquée de l’Université de Montréal, qui impose le primat de la recherche et des divisions disciplinaires. Études françaises se distingue cependant en tentant une conciliation entre le discours savant et la création littéraire, qui s’inscrit dans la foulée de la « nouvelle critique », développe une herméneutique de la confiance et résiste à l’emballement théorique, comme le montre une comparaison avec Études littéraires.
Les revues littéraires en ligne : entre éditorialisation et réseaux d’intelligences
Authors: Vitali-Rosati Marcello 
Published: November 2014

Cet article propose un état des lieux sur les revues littéraires numériques. Cette tâche pourrait sembler facile si l’on considère que ces expériences existent depuis très peu de temps. Les premières revues en ligne apparaissent, en effet, au début des années 1990. Pourtant, la question est beaucoup plus complexe que ce que l’on pourrait penser, et cela, pour une série de raisons qui seront analysées dans cet article. Il n’est tout d’abord pas évident de s’entendre sur ce que l’on définit par l’expression « revue littéraire numérique ». D’une part car on fait référence, avec le mot « numérique », à une série d’expériences et de pratiques hétérogènes et différentes qui peuvent difficilement être regroupées ensemble. D’autre part parce que ce qu’on appelle désormais la « révolution numérique » a déterminé des changements importants quant au sens des contenus, de leur production, de leur validation et de leur distribution et a par conséquent fortement affecté la signification du mot « revue » lui-même. Il faudra ainsi prendre séparément en considération une série de phénomènes différents et essayer de rendre compte de pratiques hétérogènes qui se chevauchent et empiètent l’une sur l’autre. L’article proposera d’abord une analyse des enjeux de la numérisation des revues, à savoir le processus de transposition des revues papier au format électronique. Il s’attaquera ensuite aux expériences des revues numériques dès leur création pour comprendre s’il y a une différence, et laquelle, entre les premières et les secondes. Pour finir, on tentera de comprendre en quoi le numérique en tant que phénomène culturel — et en particulier les changements de diffusion et de circulation des contenus ainsi que les différentes formes de ce que l’on appelle désormais « éditorialisation » — a transformé l’idée même de revue et donné lieu à des pratiques et à des expériences complexes et hybrides dont la place dans le panorama culturel est difficile à saisir.
Éditer des revues savantes
Authors: Melançon Benoît 
Published: November 2014

Si la finalité d’une revue savante est de produire des objets selon des normes relativement stables, il est évident que la version papier des revues est d’ores et déjà obsolète. En revanche, si une revue se conçoit comme un lieu d’animation scientifique, elle a encore de beaux jours devant elle. Les presses universitaires n’ont pas à imposer une façon de faire plus qu’une autre : à chaque revue de définir sa mission et de s’approprier, à son rythme, les outils nécessaires à sa réalisation. Elles peuvent cependant aider les directions de revues à franchir le pas, si ces revues souhaitent le franchir, dans les meilleures conditions possibles, afin de leur permettre de jouer le rôle stimulant d’animateur de communautés savantes qui devrait être, d’abord et avant tout, le leur.
K
hinchin,
A
leksandr
Y
akovlevich
Authors: Vere‐Jones David 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Aleksandr Yakovlevich Khinchin was the founder and leader of the Moscow school of probability, which dominated probability theory during much of the twentieth century. He was born in the last decade of the nineteenth century, and entered university just before the first world war and the Russian revolution. Throughout the turbulence of the ensuing years, he maintained an international reputation as an outstanding mathematician. His name is associated with major developments in probability theory, including the law of the iterated logarithm and the law of large numbers, and representation theorems for infinitely divisible distributions and the correlation functions of stationary processes. He is well known also for his series of lucid expository texts.
Phase‐Transfer‐Catalyzed Asymmetric SNAr Reaction of α‐Amino Acid Derivatives with Arene Chromium Complexes
Authors: Shirakawa Seiji , Yamamoto Kenichiro , Maruoka Keiji 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAlthough phase‐transfer‐catalyzed asymmetric SNAr reactions provide unique contribution to the catalytic asymmetric α‐arylations of carbonyl compounds to produce biologically active α‐aryl carbonyl compounds, the electrophiles were limited to arenes bearing strong electron‐withdrawing groups, such as a nitro group. To overcome this limitation, we examined the asymmetric SNAr reactions of α‐amino acid derivatives with arene chromium complexes derived from fluoroarenes, including those containing electron‐donating substituents. The arylation was efficiently promoted by binaphthyl‐modified chiral phase‐transfer catalysts to give the corresponding α,α‐disubstituted α‐amino acids containing various aromatic substituents with high enantioselectivities.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Formal Decarboxylative Coupling of α‐Oxocarboxylates with α‐Bromoketones under Neutral Conditions: A Simple Access to 1,3‐Diketones
Authors: He Zhen , Qi Xiaotian , Li Shiqing , Zhao Yinsong , Gao Ge , Lan Yu , Wu Yiwei , Lan Jingbo , You Jingsong 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA transition‐metal‐free formal decarboxylative coupling reaction between α‐oxocarboxylates and α‐bromoketones to synthesize 1,3‐diketone derivatives is presented. In this reaction, a broad scope of substrates can be employed, and neither a metal‐based reagent nor an additional base is required. DFT calculations reveal that this reaction proceeds through a coupling followed by decarboxylation mechanism and the α‐bromoketone unprecedentedly serves as a nucleophile under neutral conditions. The rate‐determining step is an unusual hydrogen‐bond‐assisted enolate formation by thermolysis.
Chemische Fertigungssysteme: Kontrolle auf mehreren Ebenen für die divergente, kontinuierliche und vielstufige Synthese von pharmazeutisch aktiven Wirkstoffen
Authors: Ghislieri Diego , Gilmore Kerry , Seeberger Peter H. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWährend kontinuierliche chemische Prozesse in der akademischen Forschung und der Industrie untersucht werden, werden nach wie vor praktisch alle pharmazeutisch aktiven Wirkstoffe (APIs; active pharmaceutical ingredients) über eine Abfolge einzelner Batchprozesse hergestellt. Methoden für die divergente, mehrstufige kontinuierliche Produktion von niedermolekularen Verbindungen sind bislang nicht verfügbar. Wir beschreiben hier die Entwicklung eines chemischen Fertigungssystems bestehend aus austauschbaren Durchflussreaktionsmodulen, das einen großen chemischen Strukturraum zugänglich macht. Die Steuerung des Gesamtprozesses auf drei Ebenen – durch die Wahl des Ausgangsmaterials, der Reagentien oder der Reihenfolge der Module – ermöglichte die Synthese von fünf APIs als Vertreter dreier unterschiedlicher Strukturklassen (γ‐Aminosäuren, γ‐Lactame, β‐Aminosäuren), einschließlich der Bestseller‐Medikamente Lyrica und Gabapentin, in guten Gesamtausbeuten (49–75 %).
Magnet Design by Integration of Layer and Chain Magnetic Systems in a π‐Stacked Pillared Layer Framework
Authors: Fukunaga Hiroki , Miyasaka Hitoshi 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe control of inter‐lattice magnetic interactions is a crucial issue when long‐range ordered magnets that are based on low‐dimensional magnetic frameworks are designed. A “pillared layer framework (PLF)” model could be an efficient system for this purpose. In this report, A magnet based on a π‐stacked PLF with a phase transition temperature of 82 K, which can be increased to 107 K by applying a pressure of 12.5 kbar, is rationally constructed. Two types of low‐dimensional magnetic framework systems, an electron donor/acceptor magnetic layer and a charge transfer [FeCp*2]+TCNQ.− columnar magnet ([FeCp*2]+=decamethylferrocenium; TCNQ=7,7,8,8‐tetracyano‐p‐quinodimethane), are integrated to fabricate the magnet. This synthetic strategy employing a combination of layers and chains is widely useful not only for magnet design, but also for the creation of multifunctional materials with pores and anisotropic frameworks.
Catalytic Reduction of CN−, CO, and CO2 by Nitrogenase Cofactors in Lanthanide‐Driven Reactions
Authors: Lee Chi Chung , Hu Yilin , Ribbe Markus W. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractNitrogenase cofactors can be extracted into an organic solvent to catalyze the reduction of cyanide (CN−), carbon monoxide (CO), and carbon dioxide (CO2) without using adenosine triphosphate (ATP), when samarium(II) iodide (SmI2) and 2,6‐lutidinium triflate (Lut‐H) are employed as a reductant and a proton source, respectively. Driven by SmI2, the cofactors catalytically reduce CN− or CO to C1–C4 hydrocarbons, and CO2 to CO and C1–C3 hydrocarbons. The CC coupling from CO2 indicates a unique Fischer–Tropsch‐like reaction with an atypical carbonaceous substrate, whereas the catalytic turnover of CN−, CO, and CO2 by isolated cofactors suggests the possibility to develop nitrogenase‐based electrocatalysts for the production of hydrocarbons from these carbon‐containing compounds.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Putative Lipiarmycin Aglycon Related to Fidaxomicin/Tiacumicin B
Authors: Erb William , Grassot Jean‐Marie , Linder David , Neuville Luc , Zhu Jieping 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAn enantioselective synthesis of a putative lipiarmycin aglycon was accomplished and features: 1) Brown′s enantioselective alkoxyallylboration and allylation of aldehydes, 2) chain elongation by iterative Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons olefination, 3) Evans’ aldol reaction and 4) an ene‐diene ring‐closing metathesis. A neighboring‐group‐assisted chemoselective reductive desilylation was uncovered in this study and was instrumental to the realization of the present synthesis.
Enzymatic oxidative polymerization of pyrogallic acid for preparation of hindered phenol antioxidant
Authors: Zheng Ke , Zhang Lei , Gao Yahui , Wu Yufeng , Zhao Wenshan , Cui Yuanchen 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTA novel antioxidant with high molecular weight was successfully synthesized via horseradish peroxide‐catalyzed oxidative polymerization of pyrogallic acid. As‐synthesized poly(pyrogallic acid), a black powder completely soluble in common organic solvents, has a number‐averaged molecular weight of about several thousand and consists of phenylene and oxyphenylene units. Besides, as‐prepared poly(pyrogallic acid) exhibits much better thermal stability and antioxidant capacity than butylated hydroxyanisole (denoted as BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (denoted as BHT), two kinds of commercial antioxidants. And it was also found that the higher phenolic content the pyrogallic acid polymer possess, the better antioxidant activity the poly(pyrogallic acid) shows. More importantly, poly(pyrogallic acid) could effectively inhibit the oxidation degradation of polypropylene (denoted as PP) during plastic processing. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41591.
Modified N–P Interpolation Theory for Closed Loop Pole Placement
Authors: Aruna B. , Devanathan R. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractKhargonekar and Tannenbaum have shown how to modify the Nevanlinna‐Pick (N–P) interpolation theory to design an internally stable and robust controller. In this paper, we present a new modification of the N‐P theory so that closed‐loop poles can be placed inside a circular region in the left half of the complex plane, in addition to the control system design being robust and internally stable. This ensures a minimum damping of the closed‐loop system. Numerical examples illustrate the theory.
Gold(I)/Chiral Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydroamination–Hydroarylation of Alkynes: The Effect of a Remote Hydroxyl Group on the Reactivity and Enantioselectivity
Authors: Shinde Valmik S. , Mane Manoj V. , Vanka Kumar , Mallick Arijit , Patil Nitin T. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe catalytic enantioselective hydroamination–hydroarylation of alkynes under the catalysis of (R3P)AuMe/(S)‐3,3′‐bis(2,4,6‐triisopropylphenyl)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl‐2,2′‐diyl hydrogenphosphate ((S)‐TRIP) is reported. The alkyne was reacted with a range of pyrrole‐based aromatic amines to give pyrrole‐embedded aza‐heterocyclic scaffolds bearing a quaternary carbon center. The presence of a hydroxyl group in the alkyne tether turned out to be very crucial for obtaining products in high yields and enantioselectivities. The mechanism of enantioinduction was established by carefully performing experimental and computational studies.
Definitive Structural Assessment of Enterococcal Diheteroglycan
Authors: Krylov Vadim B. , Gerbst Alexey G. , Argunov Dmitry A. , Dmitrenok Andrey S. , Shashkov Alexander S. , Kaczynski Zbigniew , Huebner Johannes , Holst Otto , Nifantiev Nikolay E. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractEnterococcus faecalis is one of most important nosocomial and often multi‐antibiotic resistant pathogens responsible for infections that are difficult to treat. Previously, a cell‐wall polysaccharide termed diheteroglycan (DHG) was isolated and characterized as a promising vaccine candidate. However, the configuration of its lactic acid (LA) residue attached to the galactofuranoside unit was not assessed, although it influences conformation of DHG chain in terms of biological recognition and immune evasion. This study proves the R configuration of the LA residue by means of chemical analysis, investigation of intramolecular NMR nuclear Overhauser effects and molecular dynamics simulations of native DHG and corresponding R and S models, which were obtained by using pyranoside‐into‐furanoside rearrangement. As alternative treatment and prevention strategies for E. faecalis are desperately needed, this discovery may offer the prospect of a synthetic vaccine to actively immunize patients at risk.
Carborane‐Derived Local Anesthetics are Isomer Dependent
Authors: Kracke George R. , VanGordon Monika R. , Sevryugina Yulia V. , Kueffer Peter J. , Kabytaev Kuanysh , Jalisatgi Satish S. , Hawthorne M. Frederick 
Published: November 2014

AbstractClinically there is a need for local anesthetics with a greater specificity of action on target cells and longer duration. We have synthesized a series of local anesthetic derivatives we call boronicaines in which the aromatic phenyl ring of lidocaine was replaced with ortho‐, meta‐, C,C’‐dimethyl meta‐ and para‐carborane clusters. The boronicaine derivatives were tested for their analgesic activity and compared with lidocaine using standard procedures in mice following a plantar injection. The compounds differed in their analgesic activity in the following order: ortho‐carborane = C,C’‐dimethyl meta‐carborane > para‐carborane > lidocaine > meta‐carborane derivative. Both ortho‐boronicaine and C,C’‐dimethyl meta‐boronicaine had longer durations of analgesia than lidocaine. Differences in analgesic efficacies are rationalized by variations in chemical structure and protein binding characteristics.
Assessing Online Consultation in Participatory Governance: Conceptual framework and a case study of a national sustainability‐related consultation platform in Germany
Authors: Schulz Daniel , Newig Jens 
Published: November 2014

AbstractExperimenting with different forms of public participation in environmental governance, online consultation has become a widely used instrument. While these new forms of participatory mechanisms have attracted considerable scientific interest, research still remains fragmented and largely disconnected from mainstream literature on participatory governance. This article seeks to close this gap by developing an analytical framework that utilizes this literature to bring together formerly isolated findings in the new field of online participation. This framework is subsequently applied to the empirical case of an online consultation called ‘Mitreden‐U’ conducted by the German Federal Ministry of the Environment in 2010. By relating key categories of established concepts (e.g. empowerment, participant selection, information flow), the framework allows us to examine the specific opportunities and challenges of online participation. Findings show that while online participation mechanisms have potential to open up governance structures and provide a venue for meaningful interaction, they also require careful design considerations as well as a cultural change on behalf of public administrators. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Facile Catalyzed Preparation of 14‐Aryl‐ or Alkyl‐14‐H‐dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes by Dodecylphosphonic Acid and Dodecylsulfamic Acid: Environmentally Benign Methods
Authors: Ghassamipour Soheila , Sardarian Ali Reza 
Published: November 2014

AbstractUnder mild‐ and solvent‐free conditions, one‐pot preparation of 14‐alkyl‐ or 14‐aryl‐14‐H‐dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes could proceed in the presence of catalytic amounts of dodecylphosphonic acid (DPA) and dodecylsulfamic acid (DSA) in good to excellent yields. In these reactions, DPA and DSA are recovered by straightforward work‐ups.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of staging strategies in patients with regionally metastatic melanoma
Authors: Look Hong Nicole J. , Petrella Teresa , Chan Kelvin 
Published: November 2014

PurposeVariability exists regarding optimal staging for node‐positive melanoma. Options include combinations of physical examination (PE), radiography, computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography (PET). Cost‐effectiveness of regimens has never been investigated.MethodsA modeled cost‐effectiveness analysis was performed to examine the cost per surgery performed and per accurate diagnosis achieved with three staging regimens (PE/chest radiography, CT, PET/CT) for node‐positive melanoma. Incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios were used to compare regimens. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were undertaken to address variation in parameters. Costs are direct from the perspective of the Canadian single‐payer system and 2012 valuations.ResultsStaging with PE/radiography is the least cost‐effective option, resulting in greater costs than CT alone, and fewer accurate diagnoses. Compared to CT alone, PET/CT incurs greater incremental cost ($902.81CAD), but results in 4% fewer lymphadenectomies and 4% more accurate diagnoses. PET/CT costs $22,570.25CAD for each additional accurate diagnosis achieved compared to CT alone. Sensitivity analyses demonstrate that the optimal staging strategy is influenced by diagnostic test characteristics and the willingness‐to‐pay threshold, but robust to other varied parameters.ConclusionsPE/radiography appears to be the least cost‐effective staging regimen. The benefit of PET/CT over CT alone depends on a health system's priorities and willingness‐to‐pay. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:423–430. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
In‐office drainage of sinus Mucoceles: An alternative to operating‐room drainage
Authors: Barrow Emily M. , DelGaudio John M. 
Published: November 2014

Objectives/HypothesisEndoscopic drainage has become the standard of care for the treatment of mucoceles. In many patients this can be performed in the office. This study reviews our experience with in‐office endoscopic mucocele drainage.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsA retrospective review of one surgeon's experience with in‐office endoscopic drainage of sinus mucoceles between 2006 and 2014 was performed. Charts were reviewed for patient demographics, previous surgery, mucocele location, bone erosion, and outcomes.ResultsThirty‐two patients underwent 36 in‐office drainage procedures. All procedures were performed under topical/local anesthesia. The mean age was 55 years (range, 17–92 years). The mean follow‐up time was 444 days. Fifty‐five percent had previous sinus surgery. The primary sinus involved was the frontal (12), anterior (11), posterior ethmoid (six), maxillary (four), and sphenoid (two). Bone erosion was noted to be present on computed tomography in 18 mucoceles (51%) (16 orbital, seven skull‐base). All mucoceles were successfully accessed in the office with the exception of one, which was aborted due to neo‐osteogenesis. Five patients (14% of mucoceles) required additional surgery, two for mucocele recurrence and three for septated mucoceles not completely drained in the office. No treatment complications occurred. All but one patient preferred in‐office to operating‐room drainage.ConclusionsIn‐office drainage of sinus mucoceles is well tolerated by patients, with high success and low complication rates, even in large mucoceles with bone erosion. The presence of septations and neo‐osteogenesis reduce the likelihood of complete drainage and are relative contraindications. Orbital and skull base erosion are not contraindications.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 125:1043–1047, 2015
Anatomical comparison among the anterolateral thigh, the parascapular, and the lateral arm flaps
Authors: Busnardo Fábio F. , Coltro Pedro S. , Olivan Marcelo V. , Faes Jose C. , Lavor Elizeu , Ferreira Marcus C. , Rodrigues Aldo J. , Gemperli Rolf 
Published: November 2014

ObjectiveThis study aims to compare the major anatomical aspects among anterolateral thigh, parascapular and lateral arm flaps.MethodsSixty flaps were dissected in 20 human cadavers, comparing their vascular pedicle length, flap thickness and arterial/venous pedicle diameters.ResultsThe vascular pedicle length (from the origin of the vascular pedicle to its entry into the skin flap) of anterolateral thigh flap (13.43 ± 3.92 cm, lateral circumflex femoral artery) was longer than parascapular (9.07 ± 1.20 cm, circumflex scapular artery) and lateral arm flap (8.90 ± 1.65 cm, posterior collateral radial artery) (P < 0.001). The thickness of lateral arm flap (6.32 ± 2.33 mm) was lesser than parascapular (8.59 ± 2.93 mm) and anterolateral thigh flap (9.30 ± 3.54 mm) (P < 0.001). The arterial/venous pedicle diameters of lateral arm flap (2.37 ± 0.69 mm / 2.61 ± 0.74 mm) were lesser than parascapular (3.46 ± 0.80 mm / 4.07 ± 0.87 mm) and anterolateral thigh flap (3.26 ± 0.74 mm / 3.87 ± 0.70 mm) (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe vascular pedicle length of anterolateral thigh flap was the longest and that lateral arm flap presented a pedicle with the smallest arterial and venous diameters, in addition to being the thinnest flap. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 35:387–392, 2015.
Training improves oxidative capacity, but not function, in spinal muscular atrophy type III
Authors: Madsen Karen Lindhardt , Hansen Regitze Sølling , Preisler Nicolai , Thøgersen Frank , Berthelsen Martin Peter , Vissing John 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTIntroductionIn this study we investigated the effect of 12 weeks of cycle ergometer training in patients with spinal muscular atrophy type III (SMA III), a hereditary motor neuron disease with progressive muscle weakness and atrophy.MethodsSix SMA III patients and 9 healthy subjects completed a 12‐week training program, performing 42 30‐minute sessions exercising at 65–70% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). VO2max, muscle strength, functional tests, and self‐reported activities of daily living were assessed before and after the training.ResultsTraining induced a 27 ± 3% increase in VO2max (17 ± 2 to 21 ± 2 ml/kg/min, P < 0.001) in patients. However, fatigue was a major complaint and caused 1 patient to drop out, increased the need for sleep in 3 patients, and led to training modifications in 2 patients.ConclusionsCycle exercise improves VO2max in SMA III without causing muscle damage, but it also induces significant fatigue. This warrants study into alternative training methods to improve exercise capacity in SMA III patients. Muscle Nerve 52: 240–244, 2015