bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the optimization of power planning and design based on the integration of source-grid-load-storage
Authors: Li Dexin , Liu Chang , Wang Yongli , Yang Ziyue , Su Zhan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In order to improve the level of clean energy utilization and the operation efficiency of the power system, the power supply scale and energy storage capacity configuration of the integrated park project are solved. Based on the historical data on the electricity load in the park, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the monthly and daily electricity load. An integrated mathematical model with operating cost and new energy consumption as the optimization goal and multiple energy operation characteristics as the constraints is proposed to realize the optimization of the comprehensive planning of source-grid-load-storage in the region. Taking an electrolytic aluminium project as a case study, the overall curtailment rate of new energy in the optimized scheme is 3.56%, and the proportion of electricity consumed by new energy is 51.19% of the overall electricity consumption of the project.
Elastohydrodynamic lubrication analysis and temperature field simulation of gear system
Authors: Yuan Mengjia , Lin Tengjiao , Chen Bingkui 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The gearbox is one of the key components in the aero engine. In the process of high-speed operation, the internal temperature of the gearbox rises significantly, which seriously affects the service performance of transmission equipment. Based on the meshing principle and Herz contact theory, the basic meshing parameters are analyzed, and the comprehensive friction coefficient and heat flux are solved. According to the principle of convective heat transfer in a rotating disc and the frictional heat diffusion model, the CHTC (convective heat transfer coefficient) is analyzed. The FE model of the gear system is built based on ANSYS software, and the temperature distribution is analyzed by loading thermal boundary conditions with the APDL program. The calculation results indicate that the middle of the tooth tip or root of the gear has the maximum temperature. The research provides some reference values for the calculation method of the temperature field of the gear system under elastohydrodynamic lubrication.
Introduction
Authors: Edwards Rhiannon T , Lawrence Catherine L , Anthony Bethany F , Bryning Lucy 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChapter 1 introduces recent developments in the field of health economics and specifically economic evaluation of public health interventions. We describe the use of conventional methods of cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) and cost-utility analysis (CUA), and emerging interest in cost-benefit analysis (CBA) and alternative paradigms such as capability theory and measurement, as well as new interest in return on investment (ROI) and social return on investment (SROI) methods. We go on to introduce the idea of the precautionary principle in public health economics. Moving along a spectrum from the gold standard of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), this chapter explores the different forms of evidence to inform, at a timely and appropriate cost, investment decisions in public health and prevention. During the COVID-19 pandemic there was a need to make decisions about health and social care spending without RCT evidence but rather a range of evidence. We set the scene for the subsequent chapters of this book through a life-course model.
Legal Reform in the Contemporary Socialist World
Authors: Bui Ngoc Son 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This book explores four decades of legal reform in the five current socialist countries (namely China, Vietnam, Laos, North Korea, and Cuba) from a comparative perspective. This book explains various projects, methods, strategies, contents, driving forces, and limitations of legislative reform, administrative reform, judicial reform, and reform of the legal profession in these socialist countries. Legal reform in the socialist countries is political elites’ project to improve the legal system while retaining its core socialist principles. Legal reform is carried out through legislative enactments, amendments, and replacements. Political elites adopt incremental strategies to reform the legal system sporadically or systematically. The implementation of legal reform measures significantly improves the socialist legal system. Socialist legal reform is animated by the political aspiration to create the rule of law, the impact of social-economic change, and the influence of transnational and comparative law. Despite significant reforms, socialist principles of the legal systems in these countries largely remain intact. Legal reforms in the socialist countries, however, present considerable variations. This book identifies and explains five different projects of socialist legal reform.
Introduction
Authors: Bui Ngoc Son 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter underlines the need to locate socialist law and its reform dynamics in comparative law. It introduces the comparative methodology, the theory, the argument, the contributions, and the structure of the book: which explores legal reform in five current socialist states—China, Vietnam, Laos, North Korea, and Cuba—over the last four decades. Legal reforms present the resilience, rather than dissolution, of socialist law. Socialist law in both traditional and reformative forms should be relocated to the main place in comparative law.. The incorporation of socialist law and its reforms can enrich traditional comparative law, post-modern comparative law, and global comparative law.
Theorizing Legal Reform
Authors: Bui Ngoc Son 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Existing studies of legal reform—a type of legal change, common in global legal development—tend to be evaluative and normative: these studies assess and provide techniques for assisting legal reform proposals. Integrating legal theory with social science theory, this chapter develops a positivist theoretical framework of legal reform. Legal reform is intentional change to improve an existing legal order normally through legislation to bridge the gaps between existing law and foundational commitments, law and social change, and domestic law and transnational legal norms. Elements of legal reform include intentional nature, legislative method, incremental strategy, positive change, gap factors, and continuity.
The Socialist Legal Tradition
Authors: Bui Ngoc Son 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the nature of the socialist legal tradition and its transnational diffusion into China, Vietnam, Laos, North Korea, and Cuba. Adapting from Macintyre’s concept of tradition, this chapter conceptualizes the socialist legal tradition as a historically extended, legally embodied Marxism-Leninism. It identifies five key features of the socialist legal traditions, namely legal instrumentalism, party vanguardism, democratic centralism, statist rights, and statist economy. The diffusion of the socialist legal tradition results in legal revolution in China, Vietnam, Laos, North Korea, and Cuba. The legal revolution is the replacement of the pre-existing civil legal tradition by the socialist legal tradition. The socialist legal revolution shares a common context: social revolutions led by communist leaders and large transplants of Soviet law.
Laos: Legal Reform and External Assistance
Authors: Bui Ngoc Son 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores legislative reform, administrative reform, judicial reform, and reform of the legal profession in Laos since the country introduced the reform policy known as New Economic Mechanisms in 1986. Laos has embarked in comprehensive legal reform, leading to the creation of a stable, functional legal system. The legal reform in Laos is the political elite’s cooperative project to work with international donors to formulate and implement measures of legal reforms. Cooperative legal reform in Laos is induced by external influence of the law and development movement and also by domestic needs due to cognitive, personal, and financial constraints.
North Korea: Legal Reform and Self-Reliance
Authors: Bui Ngoc Son 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores legislative reform, administrative reform, judicial reform, and reform of the legal profession in North Korea since the 1980s. This has significant challenges as the regime’s isolation makes it difficult to access legal resources in the country. Legal reform in North Korea is the political elite’s self-reliant project to rely on domestic resources to introduce sporadic adjustments through legislative enactments to improve the existing socialist legal system to facilitate better economic development, more effective public management, amelioration of regime’s harsh treatment of its citizens, and institution building. Self-reliant legal reform is shaped by North Korea’s isolation ideology and policy.
Conclusion: Legal Reform, Socialist Law, and Comparative Law
Authors: Bui Ngoc Son 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter generalizes the similarities and differences of legal reforms in the five countries socialist countries—China, Vietnam, Laos, North Korea, and Cuba— in the last four decades. The legal reforms in these countries may share many common features but their variations are considerable. Five distinctive projects of socialist legal reform are recognizable: exceptional (China), universal (Vietnam), cooperative (Laos), self-reliant (North Korea), and preservative (Cuba). This chapter then addresses conceptual implications for understanding the transformative nature of socialist legality and the potential of the rule of law under socialism, and the dynamic of authoritarian law generally, and law and development.
Cheap Thrills
Authors: Ungemah Joe 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores how thrill-seeking and extreme sports influence emotive states, through profiles of roller coaster enthusiasts and skydivers. Driven primarily by hedonic motivations like pleasure and happiness, fanatics of thrill seek out experiences that bring focus squarely on the present moment and are enjoyed especially in close-knit communities. An essential part of the thrill is not knowing the exact outcome of the experience and the feeling of being on the edge, which appeals to those with high needs for sensation seeking. Instead of focusing on physical collections, thrill seekers collect experiences, memorializing their achievements and feelings of exuberance through photos and video. Sharing the achievement with fellow participants or outside relations is a core feature of the thrill’s appeal. Active thrill-seeking (especially extreme sports) involves skill development and personal growth, motivations that make these pursuits especially sticky with their fanatics.
Toward a Philology of Stupidity
Authors: Zucker Adam 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAn overview of the organizing ideas and argument of Shakespeare Unlearned, the Introduction orients readers by making a case for taking nonsense and the lexicon of cognitive incapacity seriously in Shakespearean contexts rather than treating it as obvious, meaningless, or entirely self-explanatory. With reference to Jacques Rancière and the Erasmian inheritance of poststructural critical theory, it focuses attention on the role relations of stupidity play in our habits of thought as scholars, students, and teachers. And, drawing on ideas from disability studies, from material text studies, and from the methods of philology itself, the Introduction suggests that topics such as nonsensical language, pedantry, and obscurity are too often taken for granted in unhelpful ways in classrooms, editions, and scholarly work more generally.
Twelfth Nightand the Broken Jest
Authors: Zucker Adam 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis chapter revolves around the cluelessness of Aguecheek and Malvolio, likening their difficulties parsing the jests and jokes that saturate the world around them to the puzzlement of editors who have attempted for centuries to make sense of the Folio text’s inscrutable terms and foreign-sounding nonsense. It argues for an attitude toward the play, and toward the early modern textual archive more generally, that makes space for the ‘ungettable joke,’ suggesting that we should be explicit about the limits of learned explication, even though doing so entails the occasional acceptance of baffled stupefaction in the midst of our scholarly pursuits. This chapter also includes a discussion of early modern jestbooks and the long critical tradition pertaining to Aguecheek’s putative cognitive disability, offering a new reading of the play’s most baffled character.
The electron
Authors: Solymar Laszlo , Walsh Donald , Syms Richard 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduces the Schrödinger wave equation as the key equation governing the behaviour of electrons, and presents simple solutions (known as wave functions) as electron waves, and packets of electron waves, which can represent localised, particle-like electrons. Considers the behaviour of electron waves on meeting a potential barrier and trapped in potential wells with finite and infinite walls, and introduces the idea of energy levels. Discusses the accepted interpretation of the electron wave function, namely that its modulus square leads to the probability of finding an electron in a given region of space. Considers further the uncertainty relationship and associated philosophical implications.
Bonds
Authors: Solymar Laszlo , Walsh Donald , Syms Richard 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduces the idea of bonds between atoms, and discusses their general mechanical properties. Describes the main different types of bond, including ionic bonds, metallic bonds, covalent bonds and van der Waals bonds and summarises their properties. Shows how three-dimensional solids can be formed, introduces the idea of a crystal lattice, and describes how new materials have recently arisen as sheet, tubular and spherical arrangements of bonded carbon atoms. Details Richard Feynman’s quantum mechanical model of a the bonds between atoms in a hydrogen molecule, shows how similar ideas may be extended to nuclear forces, and presents analogies to coupled electrical resonators.
Nine Lessons about Aquatic Invasive Species from the North Temperate Lakes Long-Term Ecological Research (NTL-LTER) Program
Authors: Vander Zanden M Jake , Gorsky Adrianna , Hansen Gretchen J A , Johnson Pieter T J , Latzka Alexander W , Mikulyuk Alison , Rohwer Robin R , Spear Michael J , Walsh Jake R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Freshwater ecosystems can serve as model systems that reveal insights into biological invasions. In this article, we summarize nine lessons about aquatic invasive species from the North Temperate Lakes Long-Term Ecological Research program and affiliated projects. The lessons about aquatic invasive species are as follows: Invasive species are more widespread than has been documented; they are usually at low abundance; they can irrupt from low-density populations in response to environmental triggers; they can occasionally have enormous and far-reaching impacts; they can affect microbial communities; reservoirs act as invasive species hotspots; ecosystem vulnerability to invasion can be estimated; invasive species removal can produce long-term benefits; and the impacts of invasive species control may be greater than the impacts of the invasive species. This synthesis highlights how long-term research on a freshwater landscape can advance our understanding of invasions.
Striving for excellence: multicentre quality improvement project to optimize CT KUB technique in renal colic patients
Authors: Zafar Aasma Nudrat , Rehman Hamza , Babar Khalid Shakeel , Anjum Humaira , Saeed Iqra , Yaqoob Nasrullah , Rahim Farzana , Ahmed Ijaz , Kamal Mahjabeen Mehmood , Usmani Naila , Khan Ayesha Sharif , Zafar Saerah Iffat , Khan Maaz , Ali Ihsan , Arooj Shumaila , Alavi Mehwish Zahra , Goraya Amber , Irfan Nazish , Awais Muhammad , Azmat Uzma 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
To perform audit of imaging practice in different hospitals to assess their adherence to guidelines on optimizing computerized tomography of kidneys, ureter, and bladder (CT KUB) technique in order to reduce unnecessary scan length. To assess improvement in adherence to guidelines after intervention, following education of the technologists.

Material and methods
There were 12 participant radiology departments in 8 cities of Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Findings of first audit round were presented in respective departmental meetings, and technologists were educated. Second round was performed after 12 weeks. Our target was to achieve 100% compliance to standards. Comparison of adherence to guidelines before and after intervention was done. Total number of axial slices of KUB CT scan, images above upper pole of highest kidney (overscan/unnecessary slices), and percentage of unnecessary images were recorded. To calculate statistical significance of difference, Fischer exact and Chi-square tests were applied.

Results
Percentage of patients with appropriate CT KUB technique according to RCR guidelines was far less in first round (0%-64%). It significantly improved after educating the technologists (35.57%-90.90%).

Conclusion
By following standard practice of CT KUB scan, significant radiation dose reduction is achievable without compromising diagnostic details.

Advances in knowledge
Standardization of CT KUB examination technique can valuably contribute to reduction in unessential radiation exposure
The Role of Deliberation in Correcting and Validating Intuition: A Holy Grail for Child-care Professionals or a False Dawn?
Authors: Heron Gavin , Black Kate 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The role of deliberation in correcting and validating the more error prone intuition is subject to much interest and debate across a range of professions and disciplines. For child-care professionals, the opportunity to correct errors in their reasoning is crucial, especially where serious consequences can arise from mistakes. This study examines the way deliberation corrects and validates intuition when professionals discuss vulnerable children who have experience of secure care and present a serious risk of harm to other people. Data from twenty-one consultation meetings involving eighty-one professionals are collected and coded. Findings suggest that professionals engage in deliberative thinking to validate intuitive ideas, which is important in providing explanations and justifications. However, deliberation is rarely used to correct errors in intuitive thinking and this gives some cause for concern about the quality of professionals’ reasoning in complex child-care cases. Child-care professionals should give greater consideration to their reasoning, especially the role of deliberative thinking in complex cases and where serious risks exist for children. This requires professionals to value errors in, and challenges to their own thinking and recognise the additional cognitive effort necessary for deliberation.
Long COVID among healthcare workers: a narrative review of definitions, prevalence, symptoms, risk factors and impacts
Authors: Dempsey Brendan , Madan Ira , Stevelink Sharon A M , Lamb Danielle 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Long COVID (LC) occurs when people experience symptoms for weeks, months or even years after a COVID-19 infection. This review looks at research exploring the LC definitions, prevalence, symptoms, risk factors, and associated impacts in research on healthcare workers (HCWs).

Data sources
We systematically searched five electronic databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, Medline, PsycInfo and PubMed) and compiled a narrative literature review based on 56 relevant studies.

Areas of agreement
LC is prevalent among HCWs who become infected by COVID-19. Many of the most frequent symptoms associated with LC in the general population are also reported among HCWs. Some risk factors for LC are also similar to those in the general population, such as female sex, older age, and having a pre-existing respiratory illness.

Areas of controversy
The mechanism(s) responsible for LC remains unknown. A variety of terms, timeframes and symptoms are used to define LC, creating difficulties in comparing results across studies. Much of the research is cross-sectional and fails to explore the impacts that prolonged symptoms have on HCWs’ personal and professional lives.

Growing points
The need to support HCWs with LC is clear. Identifying the mechanism(s) responsible for LC is a key priority, as this will inform treatments.

Areas for developing research
Future research should move towards a standard definition for LC. Greater attention should be paid to longitudinal and qualitative studies, which could give insights into prognosis, lived experience and work participation. Finally, studies evaluating treatments suitable for people with LC are timely.
Photovoltaic performance of TiO2 and ZnO nanostructures in anthocyanin dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Leela Devi Velpuri , De Debasis , Kuchhal Piyush , Pachauri Rupendra Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This research paper reports the fabrication and evaluation of titanium dioxide (TiO2)- and zinc oxide (ZnO)-based dye-sensitized solar cells with anthocyanin dye extracted from pomegranate. TiO2 and ZnO were synthesized using the hydrothermal synthesis and chemical bath deposition techniques, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that TiO2 had nanopillars made up of nano rods with dimensions of 111.866, 90.521, and 81.908 nm, while ZnO had hexagonal patterned nanorods with lengths of 283.294 nm and diameters of 91.782 nm. The absorption spectra of the pomegranate dye were analysed and the strongest absorption peak was found to be at 520 nm, which corresponds to the existing anthocyanin pigment. The band gap of pomegranate dye was noted down to be 2.45 eV. The performance of the dye-sensitized solar cells was evaluated using one sun illumination (100 mW/cm2) where the dye-sensitized solar cell with TiO2 nanopillars achieved an improved efficiency of 0.46% whereas the dye-sensitized solar cell with ZnO nanorods showed a considerably reduced efficiency of 0.42%.
Intracortical myelin across laminae in adult individuals with 47,XXX: a 7 Tesla MRI study
Authors: Serrarens Chaira , Ruiz-Fernandez Julia , Otter Maarten , Campforts Bea C M , Stumpel Constance T R M , Linden David E J , van Amelsvoort Therese A M J , Kashyap Sriranga , Vingerhoets Claudia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
47,XXX (Triple X syndrome) is a sex chromosome aneuploidy characterized by the presence of a supernumerary X chromosome in affected females and is associated with a variable cognitive, behavioral, and psychiatric phenotype. The effect of a supernumerary X chromosome in affected females on intracortical microstructure is currently unknown. Therefore, we conducted 7 Tesla structural MRI and compared T1 (ms), as a proxy for intracortical myelin (ICM), across laminae of 21 adult women with 47,XXX and 22 age-matched typically developing females using laminar analyses. Relationships between phenotypic traits and T1 values in 47,XXX were also investigated. Adults with 47,XXX showed higher bilateral T1 across supragranular laminae in the banks of the superior temporal sulcus, and in the right inferior temporal gyrus, suggesting decreases of ICM primarily within the temporal cortex in 47,XXX. Higher social functioning in 47,XXX was related to larger inferior temporal gyrus ICM content. Our findings indicate an effect of a supernumerary X chromosome in adult-aged women on ICM across supragranular laminae within the temporal cortex. These findings provide insight into the role of X chromosome dosage on ICM across laminae. Future research is warranted to further explore the functional significance of altered ICM across laminae in 47,XXX.