bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of land‐use change to Jatropha bioenergy plantations on biomass and soil carbon stocks: a field study in Mali
Authors: Degerickx Jeroen , Almeida Joana , Moonen Pieter C.J. , Vervoort Leen , Muys Bart , Achten Wouter M.J. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSmall‐scale Jatropha cultivation and biodiesel production have the potential of contributing to local development, energy security, and greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation. In recent years however, the GHG mitigation potential of biofuel crops is heavily disputed due to the occurrence of a carbon debt, caused by CO2 emissions from biomass and soil after land‐use change (LUC). Most published carbon footprint studies of Jatropha report modeled results based on a very limited database. In particular, little empirical data exist on the effects of Jatropha on biomass and soil C stocks. In this study, we used field data to quantify these C pools in three land uses in Mali, that is, Jatropha plantations, annual cropland, and fallow land, to estimate both the Jatropha C debt and its C sequestration potential. Four‐year‐old Jatropha plantations hold on average 2.3 Mg C ha−1 in their above‐ and belowground woody biomass, which is considerably lower compared to results from other regions. This can be explained by the adverse growing conditions and poor local management. No significant soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration could be demonstrated after 4 years of cultivation. While the conversion of cropland to Jatropha does not entail significant C losses, the replacement of fallow land results in an average C debt of 34.7 Mg C ha−1, mainly caused by biomass removal (73%). Retaining native savannah woodland trees on the field during LUC and improved crop management focusing on SOC conservation can play an important role in reducing Jatropha's C debt. Although planting Jatropha on degraded, carbon‐poor cropland results in a limited C debt, the low biomass production, and seed yield attained on these lands reduce Jatropha's potential to sequester C and replace fossil fuels. Therefore, future research should mainly focus on increasing Jatropha's crop productivity in these degraded lands.
Osmophobia and Headaches in Primary Care: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Importance in Diagnosing Migraine
Authors: Rocha‐Filho Pedro Augusto Sampaio , Marques Karine Sobral , Torres Rinailda Cascia Santos , Leal Kamila Nazare Ribas 
Published: June 2015

ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of osmophobia among primary headaches, evaluate the association between osmophobia and the characteristics of patients and their headaches, and assess the usefulness of this symptom for diagnosing migraine.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study in a primary care unit. Patients who consecutively sought medical attendance in a primary care unit were asked about headaches (convenience sample). Those who reported having had at least 1 episode of headache during the last 12 months were interviewed. Semi‐structured interview, the Headache Impact Test, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used.ResultsTwo hundred thirty‐five patients had headaches, 147 patients had migraine (53% of them had osmophobia), and 87 had tension‐type headache (11.5% of them had osmophobia), and 1 patient had an unclassifiable headache. Among the headache patients, those with migraine and more years of headache history presented significantly more osmophobia (multivariate logistic regression).The sensitivity and specificity of osmophobia for establishing a diagnosis of migraine were 53.1% and 87.5%. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 87.6% and 52.7%.ConclusionWe found high prevalence of osmophobia among migraine patients, and this complaint is useful in making the diagnosis of migraine in primary care. Osmophobia is associated with migraine and more years of headache history.
Reduced Baroreflex Sensitivity in Cluster Headache Patients
Authors: Barloese Mads C. J. , Mehlsen Jesper , Brinth Louise , Lundberg Helena I. S. , Jennum Poul J. , Jensen Rigmor H. 
Published: June 2015

Objective and BackgroundImportant elements of cluster headache (CH) pathophysiology may be seated in the posterior hypothalamus. Cranial autonomic features are inherent, but involvement of systemic autonomic control is still debated. We aimed to characterize autonomic function as investigated by baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in CH patients.MethodsTwenty‐six active CH patients and an equal number of age‐, sex‐, and BMI‐matched controls underwent head‐up tilt table test and BRS was determined by the sequence method.ResultsCompared with controls, patients exhibited a blunted reactivity of RR intervals in response to falls and increases in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (15.3 vs 20.0 ms/mmHg, P = .0041) in the supine position. Also, compared with controls, BRS was lower in patients having suffered an attack within the past 12 hours (n = 13, 12.5 vs 22.3 ms/mmHg, P = .0091), opposed to those patients who had not (n = 13, 16.0 ms/mmHg, P = .1523). In the tilted position, the drop in SBP at the carotid sinuses was higher in patients who had recently suffered an attack. Despite this, they exhibited a less marked shortening of RR intervals when compared with patients who had been attack free for longer.ConclusionsCH patients exhibit a subclinical blunting of BRS that may be affected by the attacks themselves. The fast RR interval fluctuations used in this method reflects cardiovagal responses, thus the blunted responses are suggestive of dysfunction in the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system or in the central relay of impulses from the baroreceptors.
A qualitative study examining the preparedness of dental hygiene students for a service‐learning placement in residential aged care
Authors: Wallace JP , Blinkhorn AS , Blinkhorn FA 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this qualitative study was to measure the effect of a specifically designed orientation re‐enactment DVD used to facilitate dental hygiene students transition from the classroom to a Residential Aged Care Facility (RACF) service‐learning placement with less personal anxiety and more confidence in their role during the placement.MethodologyFinal year students (n = 47) were randomly allocated to one of 17 RACFs on the NSW, Central Coast, Australia. All students were then randomly allocated to a two‐group study with the active group assigned to view the DVD prior to their placement. Students who viewed the DVD were asked not to discuss the content with students who were assigned to the control group. Post‐placement focus groups were organized, recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were collated, analysed and unitized into emergent themes. Representative quotes are presented in the results. The study was informed by 4 years of previous quantitative and qualitative process evaluation of the RACF programme.ResultsFocus group discussions identified that those students who had seen the DVD reported a shorter timeframe to successfully transition from the classroom to the RACF and stated that the DVD provided them with a realistic expectation of the RACF environment and their role in the placement experience.ConclusionThe orientation DVD reduced student anxiety and improved student confidence in their role during the placement by providing a realistic orientation of the RACF environment.
The efficacy of 0.12% chlorhexidine versus 0.12% chlorhexidine plus hyaluronic acid mouthwash on healing of submerged single implant insertion areas: a short‐term randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Genovesi A , Barone A , Toti P , Covani U 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjectivesThe study was performed to evaluate the incidence of post‐surgical adverse events at submerged implant sites as well as the antiplaque, antigingivitis and antistaining effects in the entire dentition of patients treated with two mouthwashes.MethodsThe present randomized controlled clinical study considered 40 patients subjected to dental implant treatment. Two 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwashes were compared for 15 days: one with 0.1% hyaluronic acid (CHX⊗HYL group) and one without it (CHX group). Surgical outcome variables, and plaque, gingival, and staining indexes were recorded.ResultsSignificant differences were found between the two rinses regarding the presence of oedema within 2 days after surgery (20% for the CHX⊗HYL group and 78% for the CHX group). No other significant differences were recorded between the two mouthwashes. No intergroup differences in plaque, staining and gingivitis indexes were registered. The intragroup analysis revealed that for the plaque and gingival indexes, the differences between the baseline values (before surgery) and those at 15 days were all found to be significant just for CHX⊗HYL rinse, with final values ranging from 0.18 to 0.23 for the plaque index and from 0.06 to 0.07 for the gingival index. The staining index increased for both mouthwash types with significant results (with final value of 0.19 and 0.31 for CHX⊗HYL and CHX groups, respectively).ConclusionsIn the sites of patients subjected to dental implant placement, an additional anti‐oedematigenous effect in early healing seemed to be disclosed for 0.12% CHX⊗HYL mouthwash. Regarding antiplaque and antigingivitis activities, HYL seemed to be ineffective.
E3 ubiquitin ligases Pellinos as regulators of pattern recognition receptor signaling and immune responses
Authors: Medvedev Andrei E. , Murphy Michael , Zhou Hao , Li Xiaoxia 
Published: June 2015

SummaryPellinos are a family of E3 ubiquitin ligases discovered for their role in catalyzing K63‐linked polyubiquitination of Pelle, an interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) receptor‐associated kinase homolog in the Drosophila Toll pathway. Subsequent studies have revealed the central and non‐redundant roles of mammalian Pellino‐1, Pellino‐2, and Pelino‐3 in signaling pathways emanating from IL‐1 receptors, Toll‐like receptors, NOD‐like receptors, T‐ and B‐cell receptors. While Pellinos ability to interact with many signaling intermediates suggested their scaffolding roles, recent findings in mice expressing ligase‐inactive Pellinos demonstrated the importance of Pellino ubiquitin ligase activity. Cell‐specific functions of Pellinos have emerged, e.g. Pellino‐1 being a negative regulator in T lymphocytes and a positive regulator in myeloid cells, and details of molecular regulation of receptor signaling by various members of the Pellino family have been revealed. In this review, we summarize current information about Pellino‐mediated regulation of signaling by pattern recognition receptors, T‐cell and B‐cell receptors and tumor necrosis factor receptors, and discuss Pellinos roles in sepsis and infectious diseases, as well as in autoimmune, inflammatory, and allergic disorders. We also provide our perspective on the potential of targeting Pellinos with peptide‐ or small molecule‐based drug compounds as a new therapeutic approach for septic shock and autoimmune pathologies.
Tumor necrosis factor receptor‐ associated factor 6 (TRAF6) regulation of development, function, and homeostasis of the immune system
Authors: Walsh Matthew C. , Lee JangEun , Choi Yongwon 
Published: June 2015

SummaryTumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)‐associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is an adapter protein that mediates a wide array of protein–protein interactions via its TRAF domain and a RING finger domain that possesses non‐conventional E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. First identified nearly two decades ago as a mediator of interleukin‐1 receptor (IL‐1R)‐mediated activation of NFκB, TRAF6 has since been identified as an actor downstream of multiple receptor families with immunoregulatory functions, including members of the TNFR superfamily, the Toll‐like receptor (TLR) family, tumor growth factor‐β receptors (TGFβR), and T‐cell receptor (TCR). In addition to NFκB, TRAF6 may also direct activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K), and interferon regulatory factor pathways. In the context of the immune system, TRAF6‐mediated signals have proven critical for the development, homeostasis, and/or activation of B cells, T cells, and myeloid cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, and osteoclasts, as well as for organogenesis of thymic and secondary lymphoid tissues. In multiple cellular contexts, TRAF6 function is essential not only for proper activation of the immune system but also for maintaining immune tolerance, and more recent work has begun to identify mechanisms of contextual specificity for TRAF6, involving both regulatory protein interactions, and messenger RNA regulation by microRNAs.
The multifaceted role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase HOIL‐1: beyond linear ubiquitination
Authors: Elton Lynn , Carpentier Isabelle , Verhelst Kelly , Staal Jens , Beyaert Rudi 
Published: June 2015

SummaryUbiquitination controls and fine‐tunes many signaling processes driving immunity, inflammation, and cancer. The E3 ubiquitin ligase HOIL‐1 (heme‐oxidized IRP2 ubiquitin ligase‐1) is increasingly implicated in different signaling pathways and plays a vital role in immune regulation. HOIL‐1 co operates with the E3 ubiquitin ligase HOIP (HOIL‐1 interacting protein) to modify specific nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling proteins with linear M1‐linked polyubiquitin chains. In addition, through its ability to also add K48‐linked polyubiquitin chains to specific substrates, HOIL‐1 has been linked with antiviral signaling, iron and xenobiotic metabolism, cell death, and cancer. HOIL‐1 deficiency in humans leads to myopathy, amylopectinosis, auto‐inflammation, and immunodeficiency associated with an increased frequency of bacterial infections. HOIL‐1‐deficient mice exhibit amylopectin‐like deposits in the myocardium, pathogen‐specific immunodeficiency, but minimal signs of hyper‐inflammation. This review summarizes current knowledge on the mechanism of action of HOIL‐1 and highlights recent advances regarding its role in health and disease.
Adaptive Estimation of a Conditional Density
Authors: Bott Ann‐Kathrin , Kohler Michael 
Published: June 2015

SummaryThe authors consider the problem of estimating a conditional density by a conditional kernel density estimate when the error associated with the estimate is measured by theL1‐norm. On the basis of the combinatorial method of Devroye and Lugosi (), they propose a method for selecting the bandwidths adaptively and for providing a theoretical justification of the approach. They use simulated data to illustrate the finite‐sample performance of their estimator.
Motivation is a crucial factor for adherence to a healthy lifestyle among people with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Kähkönen Outi , Kankkunen Päivi , Saaranen Terhi , Miettinen Heikki , Kyngäs Helvi , Lamidi Marja‐Leena 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAimTo test the Theory of Adherence of People with Chronic Disease with regard to adherence to treatment among patients with coronary heart disease after a percutaneous coronary intervention.BackgroundIncreased knowledge of the concept of adherence is needed for the development of nursing interventions and nursing guidelines for patients with coronary heart disease.DesignA cross‐sectional, multi‐centre study.MethodsThis study was conducted from February–December 2013 with 416 patients with coronary heart disease 4 months after undergoing a percutaneous coronary intervention. A self‐reported questionnaire was used to assess their adherence to treatment. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling.ResultsThe theory explained 45% of the adherence to a healthy lifestyle and 7% of the adherence to medication. Structural equation modelling confirmed that motivation and results of care had the highest association with adherence to a healthy lifestyle. Responsibility was associated with adherence to medication. Support from next of kin, support from nurses and physicians, and motivation, co‐operation, fear of complications and a sense of normality were associated with adherence.ConclusionPatients who are motivated to perform self‐care and consider the results of care to be important were more likely to adhere to a healthy lifestyle. Responsible patients were more likely to adhere to their medication. It is important to account for these elements as a part of secondary prevention strategies among patients with coronary heart disease after a percutaneous coronary intervention.
Long‐Term Outcome of Patients With Idiopathic Ventricular Fibrillation: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: OZAYDIN MEHMET , MOAZZAMI KASRA , KALANTARIAN SHADI , LEE HANG , MANSOUR MOUSSA , RUSKIN JEREMY N. 
Published: June 2015

Outcome of Idiopathic Ventricular FibrillationBackgroundThe long‐term outcome of the patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF) is not well known.Methods and ResultsRelevant studies published through May 21, 2014 were searched and identified in the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and EMBASE databases and a hand search of article references was also performed. Random‐effect models were used for pooling proportions of mortality and recurrent events.Twenty‐three studies were included with a total of 639 patients (449 males) with a mean age ranging from 33 to 51 years. Eighty percent of patients had received ICD implantation. Over an average of 5.3 years follow‐up, 167 patients (31%) experienced a recurrence of ventricular arrhythmic events (proportion, 0.29 [95% CI 0.21–0.38]). Moreover, 17 patients (3.1%) died among all studies (proportion, 0.01 [95% CI 0.00–0.04]). No association was found between the induction of sustained ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation at baseline electrophysiological study and risk of recurrent ventricular arrhythmias (risk difference: 0.12 [95% CI, 0.08–0.32]).ConclusionsIn patients with IVF, this meta‐analysis revealed an estimated recurrent event rate of 31% and a pooled mortality rate of 3.1% during an average of 5 years follow‐up. The results of baseline electrophysiological studies are not predictive of future ventricular arrhythmias.
A Randomized Trial of Creatine‐kinase Leak After Rosuvastatin in Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (CLEAR‐PCI)
Authors: Martins Kleber B.A. , Mattos Luiz A.P. , Sousa Amanda G.M.R. , Sousa J.Eduardo M.R. , Abzaid Alexandre , Feres Fausto , de Ribamar José C. , Staico Rodolfo , Costa Ricardo A. , Chaves Aurea J. 
Published: June 2015

ObjectivesTo determine the impact of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) performed at the same time of the peak concentration of rosuvastatin to reduce periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI).BackgroundPrior studies suggest that a high dose of statin before PCI reduce periprocedural myocardial infarction. However, there is no information regarding the elective PCI performed at the time of the peak of statin concentration to reduce PMI.MethodsFrom 2001 to 2013, at a single center in Brazil we enrolled 544 patients who underwent elective PCI and after exclusions for baseline biases in clinical and angiographic characteristics, yielding 528 patients, we prospectively randomly assigned them to either a high loading dose of Rosuvastatin before PCI (n = 264) or standard treatment (n = 264). After exclusions for biases in procedural characteristics a total of 487 patients underwent to end points analysis. The primary outcome was the incidence of MB fraction of creatine kinase (CK‐MB) greater than three times the upper limit of normal.ResultsThe primary end point occurred in 7.6% in the rosuvastatin and 4.8% in the control group (P = 0.200). There was a higher incidence in elevation of CK‐MB than normal baseline in the rosuvastatin (67.1% vs 59.2%, P = 0.701). There was no difference in major adverse event (0% in the rosuvastatin group vs 0.8% in control).
Mental health consumers' perceptions of quality of life and mental health care
Authors: Williams Emily , Sands Natisha , Elsom Stephen , Prematunga Roshani Kanchana 
Published: June 2015

AbstractResearch spanning the past decade consistently reports that people with severe mental illnesses experience lower quality of life than the general population, however, little is known about what “quality of life” means to consumers, or how quality of life can be promoted in mental health care. This study measured the Quality of Life of mental health consumers receiving care from a Mental Health Nurse Incentive Program, and examined consumer perceptions of quality of life. The study used an exploratory design incorporating the WHOQOL‐brèf survey and four additional qualitative questions for data collection. Data were analysed using descriptive and correlational statistics. Participants (n = 49) reported lower quality of life scores on all four domains of the WHOQOL‐brèf and lower overall ratings for “quality of life” than the general population. Having basic needs met, good relationships with family and friends, regular support, and improved social connectedness were identified by consumers as important to their quality of life.
Aberration compensation between anterior and posterior corneal surfaces after Small incision lenticule extraction and Femtosecond laser‐assisted laser in‐situ keratomileusis
Authors: Li Xiaojing , Wang Yan , Dou Rui 
Published: June 2015

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the aberration compensation between anterior and posterior corneal surfaces after SMILE and FS‐LASIK.MethodsFifty‐five subjects (55 eyes) undergoing SMILE and 51 subjects (51 eyes) undergoing FS‐LASIK were enrolled in this study. Wavefront aberrations of anterior and posterior corneal surfaces and the whole cornea at 6 mm in diameter were measured using a Scheimpflug Camera preoperatively and one, three and 6 months postoperatively. The compensation factor (CF), where CF = 1 − (aberration of the whole cornea/aberration of anterior corneal surface), was calculated.ResultsSpherical aberration of the posterior surface and the whole cornea remained stable after SMILE. However, spherical aberration of posterior surface increased significantly at 6 months in the FS‐LASIK group. The total higher‐order aberration (tHOA) of the anterior surface and the whole cornea was lower at 6 months than at one and 3 months (p = 0.001 and 0.001, respectively) in the FS‐LASIK group. Meanwhile, in the SMILE group, no significant difference in tHOA was found between various postoperative time points. There were significant decreases in the CF of tHOA compared with preoperative values in both groups. The CF of spherical aberration reduced significantly in both groups at 3 and 6 mm in diameter one, three and 6 months postoperatively. Significant decreases in the CF of vertical coma were found at three and 6 months postoperatively in the FS‐LASIK group compared with preoperative values at 6 mm in diameter (p = 0.021 and 0.008, respectively). The change in CF (ΔCF) of spherical aberration was smaller in the SMILE group than in the FS‐LASIK group at one and 3 months postoperatively (p = 0.003 and p < 0.0001, respectively). The ΔCF of spherical aberration was significantly lower in moderately myopic subjects than in subjects with high myopia at 1 month in the SMILE group (p = 0.041) and at one, three and 6 months in the FS‐LASIK group (p = 0.014, 0.020, and 0.004, respectively).ConclusionsThe posterior corneal surface plays an important role in compensating for spherical aberration of the anterior corneal surface. The compensation mechanisms of spherical aberration and higher‐order aberration between anterior and posterior corneal surfaces were disrupted by the SMILE and the FS‐LASIK procedures. The change in the CF of spherical aberration was smaller in the SMILE group compared with the FS‐LASIK group, especially in subjects with high myopia.