bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rheological and aging properties of ultraviolet absorber/styrene–butadiene–styrene–modified bitumens
Authors: Feng Zhengang , Yu Jianying , Xue Lihui , Sun Yubin 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe prevention of the ultraviolet (UV) aging of styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS)‐modified bitumen is of great significance because UV aging is considered to be a critical factor in the deterioration of the performance of bituminous roads. In this study, we selected two UV absorbers (octabenzone and bumetrizole) as modifiers to evaluate their effects on the rheological and UV‐aging properties of different SBS‐modified bitumens (linear and radial types) by means of dynamic shear rheological testing. The thermooxidative aging of the binders was also investigated through thin‐film oven testing. The results show that for the linear‐ and radial‐SBS‐modified bitumens, octabenzone only enhanced their elasticity at high temperatures, but bumetrizole could increase the elastic response at intermediate temperatures on the one hand and the viscous response at high temperatures on the other hand. The UV aging of the radial‐SBS‐modified bitumens could effectively be alleviated by both octabenzone and bumetrizole, whereas that of the linear ones could only be improved by bumetrizole. The influence of the UV absorbers on the thermooxidative‐aging properties of the SBS‐modified bitumens was dependent on the types of UV absorbers and SBS polymers. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Pervaporative dehydration of diethylene glycol through a hollow fiber membrane
Authors: Won Yim Dong , Kong Sung‐Ho 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn this study, the pervaporative dehydration of diethylene glycol (DEG) through a commercial hollow fiber membrane was investigated at various feed temperatures in the range of 333–363 K with feeds containing 0.5–2.0 wt % water. Unlike the usual pervaporative dehydration process in which water is less volatile than the organic solvent, the feed mixture used in this study contained the organic component DEG, which is less volatile than water, resulting in unique permeation behaviors. The permeation behaviors of the individual components were investigated as functions of the feed temperature and feed composition. In particular, the effect of the low vapor pressure characteristics of DEG was investigated. Semi‐empirical equations for predicting the individual component fluxes and separation factor were quantified directly from actual dehydration pervaporation of DEG. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
A new method to estimate thermal conductivity of polymer composite using characteristics of fillers
Authors: Park Hui Joon , Kim Tae Ann , Kim Raehyun , Kim Junkyung , Park Min 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn this work, a new method to estimate the thermal conductivity of polymer composite was suggested. For this purpose, polymer composites composed of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) and boron nitride (BN) were prepared by twin‐screw extruder melt‐mixing, followed by compression molding technique, and their microstructure was investigated by material simulation. Consequently, the Cf parameter of Agari and Uno equation, which represents an ease in forming conductive chains, was quantified by “Structure factor (related with conductive pathway)” and “Interfacial factors (related with thermal resistance)”, ultimately helping us evaluate the thermal conductivity of arbitrary composite system. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Structure and performance of reclaimed rubber obtained by different methods
Authors: Shi Jinwei , Jiang Kuan , Ren Dongyun , Zou Hua , Wang Yao , Lv Xuejian , Zhang Liqun 
Published: November 2012

AbstractFour different reclaiming methods involving important reclaiming factors such as temperature, shear force, and atmosphere were used to reclaim ground tire rubber. The structure and performance of the reclaimed rubber were investigated. The reclaimed samples were all found to be mixtures of three parts: the sol part, a loosely crosslinked gel part, and low molecular substances. For a reclaimed product to have both good processability and mechanical properties, the ideal structure should be that the sol fraction and its molecular weight (Mn) are as high as possible. However, the high sol fraction and highMncannot be reached at the same time because of the nonselective scission of the main chain and crosslink bonds. Thus, for a reclaimed rubber to have high quality, the presence of some amount of gel fraction is essential. Our preliminary results showed that the recommended reclaiming method would be a process under oxygen‐free atmosphere, without severe shear force, and at relative low temperature. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Genome damage in induced pluripotent stem cells: Assessing the mechanisms and their consequences
Authors: Hussein Samer M. I. , Elbaz Judith , Nagy Andras A. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn 2006, Shinya Yamanaka and colleagues discovered how to reprogram terminally differentiated somatic cells to a pluripotent stem cell state. The resulting induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) made a paradigm shift in the field, further nailing down the disproval of the long‐held dogma that differentiation is unidirectional. The prospect of using iPSCs for patient‐specific cell‐based therapies has been enticing. This promise, however, has been questioned in the last two years as several studies demonstrated intrinsic epigenetic and genomic anomalies in these cells. Here, we not only review the recent critical studies addressing the genome integrity during the reprogramming process, but speculate about the underlying mechanisms that could create de novo genome damage in iPSCs. Finally, we discuss how much an elevated mutation load really matters considering the safety of future therapies with cells heavily cultured in vitro.
Target Costing, Business Model Innovation, and Firm Performance: An Empirical Analysis of Chinese Firms
Authors: Huang Hao‐Chen , Lai Mei‐Chi , Kao Meng‐Chun , Chen Yi‐Chun 
Published: November 2012

AbstractMarket orientation theory was used to relate the implementation of target costing systems and business model innovation to firm performance using a sample of 189 electronics and information industry manufacturers in China. As expected, the implementation of target costing was positively associated with both business model innovations and firm performance. Further, the diversity of product development teams was also crucial. It positively moderated the association between target costing and business model innovation. Finally, the business model innovation was positively related to firm performance. Copyright © 2012 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measurement and hemodialysis effect of complex relative permittivity for blood of kidney patients using open‐ended coaxial measurement probe
Authors: Takeda Akira , Takata Kazuyuki , Nagao Hirotomo , Wang Jianqing , Fujiwara Osamu 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBefore evaluating the quality of hemodialysis from the limited volume of human blood using a commercially available open‐ended coaxial probe, we previously measured the complex relative permittivity of pure water from 200 MHz to 6 GHz with respect to its measured liquid volume, and found that 1.9 ml of water in a beaker with a diameter of 24 mm and a depth of 2 mm gives a variation within ± 0.5% for the real part and ± 7% for the imaginary part. Based on the above finding, we measured the dielectric properties of 2.5 ml whole blood at 25 °C for 10 normal healthy subjects and 9 hemodialysis patients. The measured results on healthy subjects show good agreement with the data reported by Gabriel for human blood at 37 °C, while they provide different dispersion characteristics of straight lines for their Cole–Cole plots. The measured results on the patients give further different dispersion characteristics versus the healthy subjects. In an investigation of the above differences statistically, Student's t‐test revealed that the permittivity at infinite frequency for the Cole–Cole plots is significantly different with a level of 1% among its averaged values for normal healthy subjects and patients before dialysis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 95(12): 56–61, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11421
Evaluation method for service branding using word‐of‐mouth data
Authors: Shirahada Kunio , Kosaka Michitaka 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe development and spread of Internet technology enables service firms to obtain a high capability for brand information transmission as well as relative customer feedback data collection. In this paper, we propose a new evaluation method for service branding using firm and consumer data on the Internet. Based on the 7Ps of service marketing (Product, Price, Place and time, Promotion, People, Physical evidence, Process), which are key viewpoints for branding, we develop a brand evaluation system including coding methods for word‐of‐mouth (WoM) and corporate introductory information on the Internet in order to identify both the customer's service value recognition vector and the firm's service value proposition vector. Our system quantitatively clarifies both the customer's service value recognition of the firm and the firm's strengths in service value proposition, thus making it possible to analyze service brand communication gaps between firms and consumers. We applied this system to the Japanese Ryokan hotel industry. Using six ryokan hotels' data on Jyaran‐net and Rakuten travel, we created a total of 983 codes from WoM information and analyzed their service brand value according to three price‐based categories. We found that the characteristics of the customers' service value recognition vector differ according to the price categories. In addition, the system showed that there is a firm that has a different service value proposition vector from the customers' recognition vector. This helps to analyze corporate service brand strategy and has significance as a system technology supporting service management. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 95(12): 21–28, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11442
Settlement Structures and Carbon Emissions in Germany: The Effects of Social and Physical Concentration on Carbon Emissions in Rural and Urban Residential Areas
Authors: Schubert Johannes , Wolbring Tobias , Gill Bernhard 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTUsing data from the German Socio‐Economic Panel (GSOEP), we show that nearly 50% of all carbon emissions caused by private transportation and building operations in Germany can be explained by structural determinants that go hand in hand with infrastructural peculiarities in rural and urban residential areas. Taking the theoretical background of building physics, allometry and increasing returns to scale as a vantage point, this paper analyses the effects of physical concentration – e.g. apartment buildings versus bungalows – and social compactness – e.g. multigenerational versus single households. In contrast to related studies, this perspective reveals that social and physical concentration tend to counteract each other and thus clarifies the intricate interactions between household structure, different infrastructural environments and carbon emissions. A supplementary finding is that the spatial distribution of fuel types plays a large role in explaining lower carbon emissions in urban settlements. This leads us to the conclusion that environmental policy should foster physical concentration in rural and social concentration in urban infrastructural environments. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Reactions to threatening critical messages from minority group members with shared or distinct group identities
Authors: Wirtz Coen , Doosje Bertjan 
Published: November 2012

AbstractReactions to members of other groups are important in multicultural societies. In four studies (N = 725), we investigate the reactions of majority group members to minority group members who stress either their distinct identity or their shared identity when they express threatening critical messages. In Study 1, we investigate reactions to a person who stresses the importance of either his Moroccan and Muslim identity or his Dutch and non‐Islamic identity. In Studies 2 and 3, we disentangle national and religious identity. Across all studies, we find that minority group members who stress their shared identity rather than their distinct identity are evaluated more positively, are perceived as more similar to the self, and tend to evoke less anger. In Study 4, we replicate this finding and show that perceived similarity mediates the impact of identity on these evaluations, but constructiveness only partially mediates these relations. Results are discussed in terms of recategorization models and the intergroup sensitivity effect. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sodium L‐lactate differently affects brain‐derived neurothrophic factor, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and heat shock protein 70 kDa production in human astrocytes and SH‐SY5Y cultures
Authors: Coco Marinella , Caggia Silvia , Musumeci Giuseppe , Perciavalle Vincenzo , Graziano Adriana C.E. , Pannuzzo Giovanna , Cardile Venera 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe present study analyzed the in vitro effects induced by sodium L‐lactate on human astrocytes and the SH‐SY5Y cell line, when added at concentrations of 5, 10, and 25 mmol/liter. Expression of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and heat shock protein 70 kDa (HSP70) was evaluated by Western blot analysis. Cell viability with MTT, release of nitric oxide (NO) through the Griess reaction, and production of BDNF by enzyme‐linked immunoassay was determined. Data indicate that, in SH‐SY5Y as well as in cortical astrocytes, after 4 hr sodium L‐lactate increases the expression and release of BDNF, iNOS, and NO; after 24 hr, it turns is ineffective for the production of the neurotrophin in SH‐SY5Y and not in astrocytes, but the expression of iNOS and release of NO appear to be further increased compared with those after 4 hr. Sodium L‐lactate influences differently the expression of HSP70 in SH‐SY5Y compared with astrocytes. We propose, based on these findings, that sodium L‐lactate affects the expression of BDNF in SH‐SY5Y and astrocytes in a different manner: high levels of iNOS and NO expressed in SH‐SY5Y have a profound inhibitory effect on the release of BDNF related to a more limited production of HSP70 by SH‐SY5Y. In conclusion, the results demonstrate differences in the responses of SH‐SY5Y and astrocytes to stimulation by high levels of sodium L‐lactate. Sodium L‐lactate differently and dose and time dependently influences the expression and release of BDNF, iNOS, NO, and HSP70 depending on the cell type. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Examining the Effects of Tourism Impacts on Satisfaction with Tourism between Native and Non‐native Residents
Authors: Xie Hui ‘Jimmy’ , Bao Jigang , Kerstetter Deborah L. 
Published: November 2012

SUMMARYBy using a sample of residents in Huangshan, China, this study examined whether tourism impacts affect the overall satisfaction of native and non‐native residents in different ways. Results of multiple‐group analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups regarding the effects of environmental degradation and loss of traditions and norms. Specifically, environmental degradation negatively affects non‐native residents' satisfaction but does not affect native residents' satisfaction. Loss of traditions and norms has a negative effect on native residents' satisfaction but has a positive effect on non‐native residents' satisfaction. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Triple Click Reaction Strategy for Macromolecular Diversity
Authors: Tunca Umit 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThis Feature Article focuses on the rapidly emerging concept of the “triple click reactions” towards the design and synthesis of macromolecules with well‐defined topology and chemical composition, and also precise molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution. The term “triple click reaction” used in this feature article is based on the utilization of three chemically and mechanistically different click reactions for polymer–polymer conjugation and post‐modification of the polymers. Three sequential click reactions of which two are identical should not be considered to be triple click reactions. The triple click reaction strategy for polymer conjugation and post‐modification of polymers is classified in this article based on the resultant architectures: linear and non‐linear structures.
Eu(fod)3 binding on the 1H‐NMR spectra of bis(2′‐ethylbenzoate)ethylene glycol podands
Authors: Ünlü Cüneyt H. , Yapar Gönül , Erk Çakıl 
Published: November 2012

The complexing and selective binding constants of Eu(fod)3 with bis(2′‐ethylbenzoate)ethylene glycol podands having one to four oxyethylene groups was observed on their 1H‐NMR spectra at 250 MHz and 295 K in CDCl3. The Eu(fod)3 interaction displayed the selective binding role of oxygen on H2C–O–CH2 backbones with referring the 1H chemical shifts.The estimated equilibrium constants, Ka, of 1:1 ratio of interactions were in accordance with the Eu(fod)3 ionic radii to bind the oxygen sites depending on the size and conformation of the esters. Esters having one or two ethyleneoxy groups gave mainly 2:2 complexes using ester sites. The minimum lanthanide‐podand ester distance displayed the maximum stability so that ester with four oxyethylene groups was found to bind the Eu(fod)3 moderately, whereas ester with three oxyethylene groups showed a large induced chemical shift due to the stability of Eu3+ complexes with larger ethyleneoxy groups. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantification of Phenylpropanoids in Commercial Echinacea Products Using TLC with Video Densitometry as Detection Technique and ANN for Data Modelling
Authors: Agatonovic‐Kustrin S. , Loescher Christine M. , Singh Ragini 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTIntroductionEchinacea preparations are among the most popular herbal remedies worldwide. Although it is generally assigned immune enhancement activities, the effectiveness of Echinacea is highly dependent on the Echinacea species, part of the plant used, the age of the plant, its location and the method of extraction.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the capacity of an artificial neural network (ANN) to analyse thin‐layer chromatography (TLC) chromatograms as fingerprint patterns for quantitative estimation of three phenylpropanoid markers (chicoric acid, chlorogenic acid and echinacoside) in commercial Echinacea products.Material and methodsBy applying samples with different weight ratios of marker compounds to the system, a database of chromatograms was constructed. One hundred and one signal intensities in each of the TLC chromatograms were correlated to the amounts of applied echinacoside, chlorogenic acid and chicoric acid using an ANN.ResultsThe developed ANN correlation was used to quantify the amounts of three marker compounds in Echinacea commercial formulations. The minimum quantifiable level of 63, 154 and 98 ng and the limit of detection of 19, 46 and 29 ng were established for echinacoside, chlorogenic acid and chicoric acid respectively.ConclusionA novel method for quality control of herbal products, based on TLC separation, high‐resolution digital plate imaging and ANN data analysis has been developed. The method proposed can be adopted for routine evaluation of the phytochemical variability in Echinacea formulations available in the market. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New thiophene‐based donor–acceptor conjugated polymers carrying fluorene or cyanovinylene units: Synthesis, characterization, and electroluminescent properties
Authors: Murali Maluvadi G , Dalimba Udayakumar , Yadav Vandana , Srivastava Ritu 
Published: November 2012

AbstractTwo new thiophene‐based donor–acceptor (D–A) conjugated polymers, PDTOFV and PDTOCN, are synthesized and characterized. The polymers are readily soluble in common organic solvents and exhibit good thermal stability with onset decomposition temperature (Td) in the range 310−330°C. Cyclic voltammetry studies revealed that polymers possess low‐lying highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels (−5.94 eV for PDTOFV and −5.86 eV for PDTOCN) and low‐lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels (−3.35 eV for PDTOFV and −3.55 eV for PDTOCN). The optical band gap is calculated from onset absorption edge of the polymer film. The polymers exhibit green fluorescence with fluorescence quantum yields (ϕfl) of 38% and 42%, respectively, for PDTOFV and PDTOCN. Polymer light‐emitting diodes (PLEDs) are fabricated using these polymers with a device configuration of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polymer/Al. The device based on PDTOFV emitted green light with Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage (CIE) coordinate values of (0.25, 0.39). Whereas, the device based on PDTOCN showed white light emission with CIE coordinate values of (0.32, 0.35), which is very close to the values (0.33, 0.33) of standard white light emission. The threshold voltages of the PLEDs are determined by current density‐voltage characteristics and are found to be 7.3 and 3.9 V for PDTOFV and PDTOCN, respectively. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
The plasticizing effect of calcium nitrate on poly(vinyl alcohol)
Authors: Jiang Xiancai , Jiang Ting , Zhang Xiaofei , Zhang Xi , Dai Hua 
Published: November 2012

AbstractCalcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) was used as the plasticizer to improve the properties of Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). The interaction between Ca(NO3)2 and PVA was investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The influence of Ca(NO3)2 on the crystalline, thermal, and mechanical properties of PVA was studied by X‐Ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and tensile testing, respectively. FTIR studies showed that Ca(NO3)2 could strongly interact with PVA molecule and reduce the intensity of the hydrogen bonding between PVA molecules. The crystallization of PVA was interrupted and the degree of crystallinity of PVA decreased due to the strong interaction between Ca(NO3)2 and PVA. DSC studies showed that the glass transition temperature of PVA decreased with the addition of Ca(NO3)2. However, the thermal stability of PVA decreased with the addition of Ca(NO3)2. The mechanical properties of PVA was improved with the addition of Ca(NO3)2, PVA film became soft and ductile, with lower tensile strength and higher elongation at break compared with original PVA. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Combined Raman‐DLTS investigations of n‐type Cu–In–S absorber layers grown on Cu tape substrate (CISCuT)
Authors: Trushin M. , Arguirov T. , Kittler M. , Seifert W. , Klossek A. , Bernhard T. , Gerlach‐Blumenthal W. , Hänsel A. , Tober O. , Schwabe M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThin absorber films grown by the CuInS2‐on‐Cu‐tape (CISCuT) method were studied by Raman spectroscopy and deep‐level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). Raman measurements revealed a degradation of crystalline quality and a growth of the CuAu fraction with the increase of Cu‐tape velocity through the sulfur chamber, whereas DLTS method – corresponding variations in the magnitude of the dominating peak E1. The origin of the E1 peak was established from the correlation of Raman and DLTS results and ascribed to defect states at the interface between chalcopyrite and CuAu phase.