bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age affects the dynamic interaction between kinematics and gait stability
Authors: Liang Shengyun 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: It is crucial to comprehend the interplay between the center of mass (CoM) and base of support (BoS) in elderly individuals’ body movements, as it could have implications for fall prevention.Methods: The purpose of this study is to characterize age-related differences using the instantaneous location of the CoM and CoM velocity vector in relation to the dynamically changing BoS during walking. Thirty subjects participated in the experiments. Derivation formulas of feasible stability region and age-related statistical analyses were proposed.Results: The stability margin and distance to centroid for elderly group were found to be significantly different from the young group (p &lt; 0.05). At heel strike, while the CoMv distance was similar for age-based groups (p &gt; 0.05), older individuals demonstrated a greater CoMv distance to the border than the younger at right limb, which suggesting age-related differences in momentum control. In addition, Bland-Altman analysis indicated that the validity was substantial, making it feasible to capture stride-to-stride variability.Discussion: The CoM trajectories and feasible stability region could provide a better understanding of human momentum control, underlying mechanisms of body instability and gait imbalance.
A simple computational model for scleral stiffness assessments via air-puff deformation OCT
Authors: De La Hoz Andres , Villegas Lupe , Marcos Susana , Birkenfeld Judith S. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:The mechanical properties of the sclera are related to its structural function, and changes to these properties are believed to contribute to pathologies such as myopia. Air-puff deformation imaging is a tool that uses an imaging system coupled with an air-puff excitation source to induce and measure deformation in a tissuein vivo. Typically used for the study of the cornea’s mechanical properties and IOP, this tool has been proposed as a method to evaluate scleral stiffness.Methods:In this work, we present a computational model of the rabbit eye to assess scleral deformation under air-puff. Parametric studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of material properties, intraocular pressure, and other parameters on the deformation response. Output from the model was also compared to experimental measurements of air-puff deformation in rabbit eyes under varying IOP.Results:Central deformation response was found to be most influenced by material properties of the sclera (at site of air-puff and posterior), thickness, and IOP, whereas deformation profile was most influenced by material properties. Experimental and simulated IOP dependence were found to be similar (RMSE = 0.13 mm).Discussion:Scleral APDI could be a useful tool for quickin vivoassessment of scleral stiffness.
Circulating monocyte populations as biomarker for abdominal aortic aneurysms: a single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Klopf Johannes , Zagrapan Branislav , Brandau Annika , Lechenauer Peter , Candussi Catharina J. , Rossi Patrick , Celem Nihan Dide , Ziegler Michael , Fuchs Lukas , Hayden Hubert , Krenn Claus G. , Eilenberg Wolf , Neumayer Christoph , Brostjan Christine 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) development is driven by inflammation, in particular myeloid cells, which represent attractive biomarker candidates. Yet to date, the maximum aortic diameter is the only clinically applied predictor of AAA progression and indicator for surgical repair. We postulated that aortic inflammation is reflected in a systemic change of monocyte populations, which we investigated regarding marker potential in AAA diagnosis and prognosis.MethodsWe conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study in a diagnostic setting, measuring monocyte subsets by flow cytometry in peripheral blood samples of 47 AAA patients under surveillance, matched with 25 healthy controls and 25 patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). In a prognostic setting, we acquired longitudinal data of 60 AAA patients including aneurysm growth assessment by computed tomography at 6-month intervals.ResultsBlood levels of total monocytes, CD16+ monocytes and particularly intermediate monocytes were significantly increased in AAA patients versus healthy individuals and were also elevated compared to PAD patients. The combination of intermediate monocyte and D-dimer blood levels outperformed the individual diagnostic marker values. Additionally, the elevated concentrations of total monocytes, intermediate monocytes, and monocyte-platelet aggregates (MPA) were suited to predict rapid AAA progression over short-term periods of six months. Of note, MPA were identified as independent predictor of AAA disease progression in multivariable analysis.ConclusionCirculating monocyte subsets are elevated in AAA patients and support diagnosis and prediction of aneurysm progression. Monocyte subsets and D-dimer reflect different hallmarks (inflammation and hemostasis) of AAA pathology and when combined, may serve as improved biomarker.
Case report: Dual-targeted BCMA and CS1 CAR-T-cell immunotherapy in recurrent and refractory extramedullary multiple myeloma
Authors: Shi Xiangjun , Wu Yue , Yao Xingchen , Du Boran , Du Xinru 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe development of CAR-T-cell immunotherapy has notably elevated the efficacy of treating multiple myeloma. Currently, a variety of targets, including BCMA, CS1, CD38, FcRH5, and GPRC5D, are being investigated. Despite these significant advancements, challenges such as antigen escape, limited persistence of CAR-T cells, and the intricate nature of the tumor microenvironment persist, leading to relapses following treatment.Case presentationWe report the case of a patient with recurrent and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) who developed a substantial extramedullary plasmacytoma in the muscles of the lower limb following multiple rounds of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The patient underwent CAR-T-cell immunotherapy targeting BCMA and CS1; however, the tumor progressed despite treatment. Surgical resection of the extramedullary plasmacytoma was subsequently performed. Upon comparison of the tumor tissue with the adjacent tissue, increased expression of MYBL2 was noted in the tumor tissue, potentially contributing to the lack of improvement in extramedullary relapse after dual-targeted CAR-T cell therapy.ConclusionsIn patients with recurrent and refractory multiple myeloma who underwent multiple cycles of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, dual-targeted CAR-T cell therapy aimed at BCMA and CS1 failed to effectively manage extramedullary relapse. Elevated expression of MYBL2 in multiple myeloma correlates with a poorer prognosis.
Patterns and unique features of infantile cholestasis among Arabs
Authors: Al-Hussaini Abdulrahman , Alrashidi Sami , Hafez Deema H. , Alkhalifah Yasir S. , Otayn Bashaer , Alrasheed Majid , Al Mufarreh Sumayah , AlKasim Sultan 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundMost of the literature on infantile cholestasis (IC) originated from Caucasian and Asian populations. The differential diagnosis of IC is very broad, and identification of etiology is challenging to clinicians because the list includes many entities with overlapping clinical, biochemical, and histological features. Thus, a structured, stepwise diagnostic approach is required to help early recognition and prompt evaluation and management of treatable causes of cholestasis.Objective(1) To determine the differential diagnosis of IC among Saudi population and (2) to evaluate the usefulness of a diagnostic algorithm that has been tailored by the authors to the local practice.MethodsAll infants with onset of cholestasis before 12 months of age (2007 and 2020) were identified and included if they underwent extensive work up to exclude infectious, structural, metabolic, endocrine, infiltrative, and familial causes.ResultsOur diagnostic pathway allowed a definite diagnosis in 373 of the included 533 cases; 160 (30%) were labelled as “idiopathic neonatal hepatitis” (INH) [i.e., overall 70% detection rate]. However, when considering the cases that underwent extensive investigations including advanced gene testing (415 of the 533), the yield of the diagnostic algorithm was 90% (373/415). Familial cholestasis group was the most common in 20% (107/533), and biliary atresia and neonatal-onset Dubin Johnson syndrome contributed to 6% each. The genetic/hereditary causes of cholestasis contributed to 58% of the diagnosed cases (217/373). No single case of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency was diagnosed. Forty-nine infants with cholestasis presented with liver failure (9%).ConclusionOur study highlights several unique features and causes of IC among Arabs which could have a great impact on the differential diagnosis process and the choice of laboratory tests used in the clinical setting.
A Bayesian framework for virtual comparative trials and bioequivalence assessments
Authors: Bois Frederic Y. , Brochot Céline 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionIn virtual bioequivalence (VBE) assessments, pharmacokinetic models informed with in vitro data and verified with small clinical trials’ data are used to simulate otherwise unfeasibly large trials. Simulated VBE trials are assessed in a frequentist framework as if they were real despite the unlimited number of virtual subjects they can use. This may adequately control consumer risk but imposes unnecessary risks on producers. We propose a fully Bayesian model-integrated VBE assessment framework that circumvents these limitations.MethodsWe illustrate our approach with a case study on a hypothetical paliperidone palmitate (PP) generic long-acting injectable suspension formulation using a validated population pharmacokinetic model published for the reference formulation. BE testing, study power, type I and type II error analyses or their Bayesian equivalents, and safe-space analyses are demonstrated.ResultsThe fully Bayesian workflow is more precise than the frequentist workflow. Decisions about bioequivalence and safe space analyses in the two workflows can differ markedly because the Bayesian analyses are more accurate.DiscussionA Bayesian framework can adequately control consumer risk and minimize producer risk . It rewards data gathering and model integration to make the best use of prior information. The frequentist approach is less precise but faster to compute, and it can still be used as a first step to narrow down the parameter space to explore in safe-space analyses.
Posttraumatic stress disorder and its associated factors among people living in Dabat district, northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Melese Mihret , Maru Lemlemu , Esubalew Dereje 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe conflict between the Ethiopian government and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) in the Dabat district of Ethiopia has led to significant civilian casualties, instances of rape, sexual abuse, and property theft. These traumatic events contribute to the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among local residents. However, there is currently no available data on the prevalence of PTSD and its associated factors in this region. This study seeks to fill this gap by assessing PTSD prevalence and identifying related factors among residents of the war-affected Dabat district in northwest Ethiopia.MethodA community-based correctional study was conducted in the Woken and China kebeles of Dabat district, northwest Ethiopia, spanning from July 13 to September 19, 2023. A total of 410 participants were selected using systematic random sampling, making a 100% response rate. The study utilized an interviewer-administered questionnaire, which included the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5) to assess PTSD. The research investigated the association between PTSD and various demographic and psychosocial characteristics using both bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses. Statistical significance was set at a P-value of 0.05.ResultsThe majority of participants in the study were male (62%) with a mean age of 33 ( ± 1.67) years. The overall prevalence of PTSD was 30.7% (95% CI: 26.6–35.10). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified several factors significantly associated with PTSD: symptoms of depression (AOR=3.5; 95% CI: 1.13-6.89), age between 45 and 67 years (AOR=1.68; 95% CI: 1.04-5.78), experiencing stressful life events (AOR=1.63; 95% CI: 1.05-7.86), experiencing sexual abuse or rape (AOR=1.53; 95% CI: 1.07-6.75), chewing khat (AOR=1.48; 95% CI: 1.08-4.56), being female (AOR=1.43; 95% CI: 1.13-3.67), and having an income of 34.6 USD (AOR=1.28; 95% CI: 1.07-4.67).Conclusion and recommendationThis study reported that the prevalence of PTSD was high. As a result, the study suggested that governments and other stakeholders should be involved in implementing efficient interventions and quick measures to mitigate the effects of war on mental health following the conflict. The government and nongovernmental organizations were also advised by these studies to continue providing humanitarian assistance, which should include access to food, clean water, clothing, shelter, and education. This study also suggested that people living in conflict zones should be legally protected from rape, sexual abuse, arson, detention without cause, and kidnapping.
Multiple air pollutant exposure is associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality in dialysis patients: a French registry-based nationwide study
Authors: Hamroun Aghiles , Génin Michaël , Glowacki François , Sautenet Bénédicte , Leffondré Karen , De Courrèges Antoine , Dauchet Luc , Gauthier Victoria , Bayer Florian , Lassalle Mathilde , Couchoud Cécile , Amouyel Philippe , Occelli Florent 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundLittle is known about the effect of combined exposure to different air pollutants on mortality in dialysis patients. This study aimed to investigate the association of multiple exposures to air pollutants with all-cause and cause-specific death in dialysis patients.Materials and methodsThis registry-based nationwide cohort study included 90,373 adult kidney failure patients initiating maintenance dialysis between 2012 and 2020 identified from the French REIN registry. Estimated mean annual municipality levels of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 between 2009 and 2020 were combined in different composite air pollution scores to estimate each participant’s exposure at the residential place one to 3 years before dialysis initiation. Adjusted cause-specific Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) per interquartile range (IQR) greater air pollution score. Effect measure modification was assessed for age, sex, dialysis care model, and baseline comorbidities.ResultsHigher levels of the main air pollution score were associated with a greater rate of all-cause deaths (HR, 1.082 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.057–1.104] per IQR increase), regardless of the exposure lag. This association was also confirmed in cause-specific analyses, most markedly for infectious mortality (HR, 1.686 [95% CI, 1.470–1.933]). Sensitivity analyses with alternative composite air pollution scores showed consistent findings. Subgroup analyses revealed a significantly stronger association among women and fewer comorbid patients.DiscussionLong-term multiple air pollutant exposure is associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among patients receiving maintenance dialysis, suggesting that air pollution may be a significant contributor to the increasing trend of CKD-attributable mortality worldwide.
PENGARUH TERAPI RELAKSASI AUTOGENIK TERHADAP TINGKAT KECEMASAN DAN TEKANAN DARAH PASIEN PRE-OPERASI DI RUANG MAWAR 3 RSUD DR. MOEWARDI SURAKARTA
Authors: Hamira Subiyakto Marsha , Ariyani Ariyani 
Published: July 2024

Pasien yang akan dilakukan tindakan operasi biasanya mengalami kecemasan dan peningkatan tekanan darah. Diperlukan suatu cara agar dapat mengatasi kecemasan dan menurunkan tekanan darah yang pada akhirnya diharapkan tindakan operasi dapat berjalan dengan lancar. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan yaitu dengan terapi psikologis, salah satunya adalah terapi relaksasi autogenik. Terapi autogenik adalah relaksasi yang bersumber dari diri sendiri dengan kalimat pendek yang mampu membuat pikiran menjadi tenang. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi relaksasi autogenik terhadap tingkat kecemasan dan tekanan darah pasien pre-operasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Ruang Mawar 3RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta dari tanggal 12 Februari 2024-23 Februari 2024. Desain penelitian ini adalah Quasy Eksperimen Pretest-Posttest One Group Design. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu 26 orang dengan pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan paired sample t-test setelah dilakukan uji normalitas menggunakan uji kolmogorov-smirnov. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya pengaruh terapi relaksasi autogenic terhadap tingkat ansietas dan tekanan darah pasien pre-operasi dengan nilai p-value 0,000 < 0,05.

Patients undergoing surgery usually experience anxiety and increased blood pressure. A way is needed to overcome anxiety and lower blood pressure so that in the end it is hoped that the operation can run smoothly. One way that can be done is through psychological therapy, one of which is autogenic relaxation therapy. Autogenic therapy is relaxation that comes from oneself with short sentences that can calm the mind. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of autogenic relaxation therapy on anxiety levels and blood pressure in pre-operative patients. This research was conducted in the Mawar Room 3 RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta from 12 February 2024-23 February 2024. The design of this research is a Quasy Experiment Pretest-Posttest One Group Design. The number of samples in this research was 26 people with sample selection using purposive sampling. Data analysis used a paired sample t-test after carrying out a normality test using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The results of the study showed that there was an effect of autogenic relaxation therapy on the level of anxiety and blood pressure of pre-operative patients with a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05.
ANALISIS FAKTOR KETERAMPILAN TRIAGE BENCANA PADA ANGGOTA BASARNAS SURAKARTA
Authors: Suparmanto Gatot , Dani saputro Sutiyo , Teguh Kurniawan Sahuri , Abdul Syukur Bambang , Dewanto Dany 
Published: July 2024

Triase bencana adalah proses mengklasifikasikan pasien berdasarkan tingkat keparahan bencana. Kemampuan seorang responden dalam melakukan triase bencana dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain pengetahuan triase responden, usia, tingkat pendidikan, senioritas, dan pengalaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor yang berhubungan dengan pelaksanaan triase bencana di kalangan anggota Basarnas Surakarta. Penelitian deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi seluruh anggota Basarnas Pos Daerah Administratif Khusus Provinsi Surakarta, dengan jumlah sampel 32 orang menggunakan purposive sampling. Kuesioner yang digunakan adalah kuesioner pengetahuan relawan kuesioner tentang keterampilan relawan Hasil menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berhubungan dengan pelaksanaan triase bencana adalah faktor masa kerja dengan nilai p value sebesar 0,042 Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini dari 5 faktor yang diteliti hanya 2 faktor yang berpengaruh. Hal tersebut menunjukan bahwa faktor lama kerja dan tingkat pendidikan memiliki hubungan dengan pelaksanaan triage bencana anggota Basarnas Surakarta sehingga perlu pendalaman teorti serta menambah materi di bagian kurikulum Basarnas mengenai Triage

Disaster triage is the process of classifying patients based on the severity of the disaster. A respondent's ability to carry out disaster triage is influenced by several factors, including the respondent's triage knowledge, age, education level, seniority and experience. The aim of this research is to identify factors related to the implementation of disaster triage among members of Basarnas Surakarta. Descriptive research with cross sectional design. The population is all members of the Basarnas Post Special Administrative Region of Surakarta Province, with a sample size of 32 people using purposive sampling. The questionnaire used was a volunteer knowledge questionnaire, a questionnaire about volunteer skills. The results showed that the factor related to the implementation of disaster triage was the work period factor with a p value of 0.042. Conclusions in this study, of the 5 factors studied, only 2 factors had an influence. This shows that the factors of length of work and level of education are related to the implementation of disaster triage for Basarnas Surakarta members, so it is necessary to deepen the theory and add material to the Basarnas curriculum section regarding Triage.
PENGARUH PELATIHAN PENCEGAHAN DAN MITIGASI BENCANA TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN RELAWAN
Authors: Arin Proborini Christiana , Haknowo Dwi , Andriyanto Andriyanto 
Published: July 2024

Relawan adalah tindakan kemanusiaan yang nyata dan sangat dibutuhkan. Banyak orang yang tertarik untuk menjadi relawan, baik anak muda yang belum lulus sekolah atau orang dewasa yang sudah sukses. Relawan tidak hanya ditempatkan di daerah bencana atau konflik, tetapi juga di daerah yang tidak memiliki fasilitas pendidikan dan fasilitas. Menjadi Relawan tidak mudah dan harus memiliki kemampuan dasar. Pelatihan diberikan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan dasar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengetahuan relawan terpengaruh oleh pelatihan pencegahan dan mitigasi bencana. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara kuantitatif dan menggunakan pendekatan quasi-eksperimen dengan pre-test dan post-test. 96 relawan diminta sebagai responden melalui sampling purposive. Data dikumpulkan baik sebelum maupun sesudah pelatihan pencegahan dan mitigasi bencana, yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuisioner pengetahuan. Hasil: Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Mann-Whitney menemukan bahwa skor peningkatan pengetahuan untuk kelompok intervensi sebesar 5.33 dan untuk kelompok kontrol sebesar 3.71. Hasil uji Mann-Whitney didapatkan nilai p<0.001 sehingga ada pengaruh pelatihan pencegahan dan mitigasi bencana terhadap pengetahuan relawan. Kesimpulan: pelatihan ini dibutuhkan dan bermanfaat bagi Relawan sehingga menambah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan tentang pencegahan dan mitigasi bencana.

Volunteering is a real and much needed humanitarian act. Many people are interested in becoming volunteers, whether young people who have not yet graduated from school or adults who are already successful. Volunteers are not only placed in disaster or conflict areas, but also in areas that do not have educational facilities and facilities. Volunteering is not easy. Volunteers must have basic skills. Training is provided to improve basic skills. The aim of this research is to determine how volunteers' knowledge is affected by disaster prevention and mitigation training. This research was conducted quantitatively and used a quasi-experimental approach with pre-test and post-test. 96 volunteers were asked to act as respondents through purposive sampling. Data was collected both before and after disaster prevention and mitigation training, which was carried out using a knowledge questionnaire. Results: Data analysis using the Mann-Whitney statistical test found that the knowledge increase score for the intervention group was 5.33 and for the control group was 3.71. The results of the Mann-Whitney test showed a p value <0.001, so there was an influence of disaster prevention and mitigation training on volunteers' knowledge. Conclusion: this training is needed and useful for volunteers so that they increase their knowledge and skills regarding disaster prevention and mitigation.