bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seeing an apocalyptic post-antibiotic future lowers antibiotics expectations and requests
Authors: Sirota Miroslav , Juanchich Marie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Antibiotic resistance is an ongoing pandemic which represents a global public health threat. To encourage the judicious use of antibiotics, public health discourse and campaigns often engage in threat-based messaging depicting an apocalyptic post-antibiotic future. We studied the effectiveness of the strategy because of mixed evidence for its success, and because it is unclear how experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic might have influenced it.

Methods
We conducted a randomised controlled trial with 378 participants in three waves (before and during the pandemic in 2021 and 2022). Participants were randomly allocated to either the baseline arm, featuring a control film, or the intervention arm featuring a short film, Catch, depicting a post-antibiotic future. Participants expressed expectations and intended requests for antibiotics for a hypothetical ear infection and their adherence to a prescribed antibiotic for a hypothetical kidney infection. In waves 2 and 3, they also reported any COVID-19-related changes to their antibiotic desires.

Results
Showing participants a film about a post-antibiotic future substantially lowers clinically inappropriate expectations for antibiotics and their intended requests. Participants report that the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic decreased their desire for antibiotics but only when they watched the intervention film. The intervention slightly decreases participants’ adherence intentions towards a prescribed antibiotic treatment.

Conclusions
Presenting a film about an apocalyptic post-antibiotic future lowers expectations and intended requests for antibiotics and therefore has the potential to encourage judicious use of them. However, the adverse effects of such messaging on adherence to a course of antibiotics should be proactively managed.
Connected three-dimensional polyhedral frames for programmable liquid processing
Authors: Zhang Yiyuan , Huang Zhandong , Qin Feifei , Wang Hongzhou , Cui Kai , Guo Kun , Cai Zheren , Cai Xiaobing , Xiao Junfeng , Carmeliet Jan , Wei Jinjia , Song Yanlin , Yang Jun , Wang Liqiu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHuman civilization relies heavily on the ability to precisely process liquids. Switching between liquid capture and release plays a fundamental role in the handling of various liquids, with applications that demand reversible, spatially and temporally precise, volumetrically accurate and programmable control over the liquid, independent of the details of the employed solid tools and processed liquids. However, current fluidic techniques do not fully meet these requirements. Here we present connected polyhedral frames to effectively address this challenge by tailoring liquid continuity between frames to dictate the liquid capture or release of individual frames, with an overall network that is readily switchable locally, dynamically and reversibly. Each frame captures or releases liquids, independent of its base materials, structures and processed liquids. The connected polyhedral frames are a versatile tool that enables many important functions including three-dimensional (3D) programmable patterning of liquids, 3D spatiotemporal control of concentrations of multiple materials, packaging of 3D liquid arrays and large-scale manipulation of multiple liquids, thus considerably advancing many fields, including interface science and soft materials.
Skeletal muscle dysfunction with advancing age
Authors: Pabla Pardeep , Jones Eleanor J. , Piasecki Mathew , Phillips Bethan E. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As a result of advances in medical treatments and associated policy over the last century, life expectancy has risen substantially and continues to increase globally. However, the disconnect between lifespan and ‘health span’ (the length of time spent in a healthy, disease-free state) has also increased, with skeletal muscle being a substantial contributor to this. Biological ageing is accompanied by declines in both skeletal muscle mass and function, termed sarcopenia. The mechanisms underpinning sarcopenia are multifactorial and are known to include marked alterations in muscle protein turnover and adaptations to the neural input to muscle. However, to date, the relative contribution of each factor remains largely unexplored. Specifically, muscle protein synthetic responses to key anabolic stimuli are blunted with advancing age, whilst alterations to neural components, spanning from the motor cortex and motoneuron excitability to the neuromuscular junction, may explain the greater magnitude of function losses when compared with mass. The consequences of these losses can be devastating for individuals, their support networks, and healthcare services; with clear detrimental impacts on both clinical (e.g., mortality, frailty, and post-treatment complications) and societal (e.g., independence maintenance) outcomes. Whether declines in muscle quantity and quality are an inevitable component of ageing remains to be completely understood. Nevertheless, strategies to mitigate these declines are of vital importance to improve the health span of older adults. This review aims to provide an overview of the declines in skeletal muscle mass and function with advancing age, describes the wide-ranging implications of these declines, and finally suggests strategies to mitigate them, including the merits of emerging pharmaceutical agents.
Acetylation, ADP-ribosylation and methylation of malate dehydrogenase
Authors: Kuhn Misty L. , Rakus John F. , Quenet Delphine 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Metabolism within an organism is regulated by various processes, including post-translational modifications (PTMs). These types of chemical modifications alter the molecular, biochemical, and cellular properties of proteins and allow the organism to respond quickly to different environments, energy states, and stresses. Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) is a metabolic enzyme that is conserved in all domains of life and is extensively modified post-translationally. Due to the central role of MDH, its modification can alter metabolic flux, including the Krebs cycle, glycolysis, and lipid and amino acid metabolism. Despite the importance of both MDH and its extensively post-translationally modified landscape, comprehensive characterization of MDH PTMs, and their effects on MDH structure, function, and metabolic flux remains underexplored. Here, we review three types of MDH PTMs – acetylation, ADP-ribosylation, and methylation – and explore what is known in the literature and how these PTMs potentially affect the 3D structure, enzymatic activity, and interactome of MDH. Finally, we briefly discuss the potential involvement of PTMs in the dynamics of metabolons that include MDH.
Steroid metabolism and hormonal dynamics in normal and malignant ovaries
Authors: Beevors Lucy I. , Sundar Sudha , Foster Paul A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The ovaries are key steroid hormone production sites in post-pubertal females. However, current research on steroidogenic enzymes, endogenous hormone concentrations and their effects on healthy ovarian function and malignant development is limited. Here, we discuss the importance of steroid enzymes in normal and malignant ovaries, alongside hormone concentrations, receptor expression and action. Key enzymes include STS, 3β-HSD2, HSD17B1, ARK1C3, and aromatase, which influence ovarian steroidal action. Both androgen and oestrogen action, via their facilitating enzyme, drives ovarian follicle activation, development and maturation in healthy ovarian tissue. In ovarian cancer, some data suggest STS and oestrogen receptor α may be linked to aggressive forms, while various oestrogen-responsive factors may be involved in ovarian cancer metastasis. In contrast, androgen receptor expression and action vary across ovarian cancer subtypes. For future studies investigating steroidogenesis and steroidal activity in ovarian cancer, it is necessary to differentiate between disease subtypes for a comprehensive understanding.
A CC/VC‐based power tracking method for photovoltaic inverter operated in voltage control mode
Authors: Wang ZhenXiong , Peng Yingjie , Yi Hao , Zhang Wei , Wu Jingting , Li Qiru , Zhuo Fang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe active power control of photovoltaic (PV) inverters without energy storage can flatten the fluctuating power and support the voltage amplitude and frequency of the grid. When operated in grid‐forming voltage‐control mode, because the PV power can change rapidly and widely, the PV inverter needs to track the power commands quickly and precisely. Traditionally, this goal is achieved with the estimation of PV power curve or PI‐based multiple‐loop feedback control, where flexibility, availability and accuracy are not satisfactory. Therefore, a CC/VC‐based power tracking (CVPT) method is proposed, which only uses single‐loop in control. The proposed method does not need to tune multiple loops and can respond faster, which is important for grid‐forming voltage control. Furthermore, the different operating modes due to the limitation of PV maximum power are analysed, and a mode switch method is proposed. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the PV inverter can cope with power disturbances from both the power and grid sides and maintain the quality of grid voltage.
Model‐free predictive rotor current control of DFIGs based on an adaptive ultra‐local model under nonideal power grids
Authors: Jiang Tao , Zhang Yongchang , Zhang Shengan , Li Shengnan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe traditional control method of doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) has poor robustness due to the excessive use of machine parameters, and does not fully consider the control conditions of nonideal power grids, resulting in serious fluctuations in current and power under grid disturbances. To solve these problems, model‐free predictive rotor current control (MFPRCC) based on an ultra‐local model is proposed in this article. The ultra‐local model is adaptive because it can accurately emulate the overall structure of the system and estimate the total disturbance of the system in real time. Under a nonideal grid, the cascaded delayed signal cancellation (CDSC) modules are connected in series behind the outer power loop to extract the fundamental component of the rotor current reference. The proposed method is compared with the traditional model predictive rotor current control (MPRCC) method, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified on a 1.5 kW DFIG experimental platform.
Etude de cas en plastronique IME – Alliance de la plasturgie et de l’électronique pour le packaging de systèmes 3D
Authors: Lombard Ph. , Cauchy-Clerc H. , Allard B. , Cabrera M. 
Published: July 2024

Au croisement des métiers de la plasturgie et de l’électronique, la plastronique ouvre de nouvelles opportunités pour miniaturiser et intégrer de manière optimale des systèmes électroniques aux objets polymères en trois dimensions – 3D. De nouveaux procédés émergent et trouvent des applications innovantes dans des secteurs d’activité très diversifiés. Cet article introduit une étude de cas qui a été développé avec le procédé plastronique 3D d’Electronique Structurelle Surmoulée (ESS) également appelé IME (In Mold Electronics). Dans un objectif pédagogique, nous illustrons un travail pratiques de mise en œuvre. Nous passons en revue l’ensemble des étapes de fabrication d’un système appelé « La Boucle infinie ». L’étude de cas se prête à un travail de Travaux Pratiques dans une approche d’enseignement par projets qui vise l’attractivité et la pluridisciplinarité.
Simulation TCAD, fabrication, caractérisation électrique et extraction des paramètres physiques du procédé MOS
Authors: Postel-Pellerin J. , Della Marca V. , Aguirre-Morales J.-D. , Bouchakour R. , Laffont R. 
Published: July 2024

Dans le cadre du Cycle Ingénieurs de la Filière « Microélectronique et Télécommunications » de Polytech Marseille, différents enseignements sont directement articulés autour du procédé MOS proposé dans la salle blanche de l’Atelier Interuniversitaire de Micro-Nano Électronique (AIME, Pôle CNFM de Toulouse). En effet, les TP de physique des composants (3A) et les cours de technologie des composants (4A) portent sur la fabrication et la caractérisation électrique des dispositifs pour la microélectronique. Dans ce contexte nous avons fait une connexion directe avec les expériences dans la salle blanche de l’AIME pour préparer les élèves ingénieurs aux manipulations.
TD d’architecture matérielle : introduction aux architectures des microcontrôleurs
Authors: Werling L. , Dervieux E. , Madec M. , Uhring W. 
Published: July 2024

Cet article décrit un TD d’introduction aux architectures des microcontrôleurs réalisé avec les étudiants de Télécom Physique Strasbourg en première année du cycle de formation ingénieur (BAC + 3) en spécialisation « Informatique et Réseaux ». Il vise à introduire les concepts fondamentaux de l’architecture des microcontrôleurs sur un exemple concret, en l’occurrence la réalisation d’un microcontrôleur élémentaire à l’aide du logiciel LOGISIM. Les travaux dirigés se déroulent sur 4 séances au cours desquelles les étudiants mettent en œuvre un microcontrôleur 6 bits qu’ils devront ensuite programmer en assembleur.
Neunormierung der deutschen Kurzform der Resilienzskala
(RS-13)
Authors: Rosendahl Jenny , Ebmeyer Karolin , Strauß Bernhard , Engert Veronika 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Im Rahmen einer deutschlandweiten Repräsentativbefragung
wurden die Normwerte für die deutsche Kurzversion der Resilienzskala RS-13
aktualisiert und mit den Daten einer vorangegangenen Repräsentativbefragung aus
dem Jahr 2001 verglichen.
Methodik Durch das sozialwissenschaftliche Forschungsinstitut USUMA GmbH
wurden 2021 über eine repräsentative Zufallsauswahl Personen zwischen 16 und 95
Jahren (N=2.505) akquiriert und telefonisch befragt. Es erfolgte ein Vergleich
mit im Jahr 2001 erhobenen Repräsentativdaten (N=2.045) sowie eine Prüfung des
Einflusses demografischer Variablen auf die Resilienzausprägung.
Ergebnisse Die RS-13 wies eine interne Konsistenz von α=0,92 auf. Es
wurden aktuelle Normdaten der RS-13, differenziert nach Geschlecht und Alter,
generiert. Diese Daten sind in einem Online-Tool zur normorientierten
Interpretation individueller Resilienzwerte abrufbar
(http://rs13.shinyapps.io/RS13). In der aktuellen Stichprobe von 2021 lag die
mittlere Resilienz signifikant höher als 2001 (d=0,28, 95% KI [0,22–0,34]).
Alter stand in einem signifikant negativen, Bildungsabschluss und
Haushaltsnettoeinkommen in einem signifikant positiven Zusammenhang mit
Resilienz.
Diskussion Die RS-13 weist gute psychometrische Eigenschaften auf. Eine
Neunormierung der RS-13 ist aufgrund der signifikant höheren Werte im Jahr 2021
im Vergleich zu 2001 gerechtfertigt. Die Bereitstellung von Normwerten erlaubt
den Vergleich von in künftigen Studien generierten Daten mit denen der deutschen
Allgemeinbevölkerung. Darüber hinaus kann das Online-Tool für die
normorientierte Interpretation individueller Resilienzausprägungen im Rahmen
diagnostischer Prozeduren genutzt werden.
Schlussfolgerung Mit der RS-13 liegt ein reliables, valides und
ökonomisches Messinstrument vor, um Resilienz im theoretischen Verständnis eines
stabilen Persönlichkeitsmerkmals zu erfassen. Künftige Studien zur Untersuchung
von Resilienz sollten Alter, Bildung und Einkommen als relevante
Einflussvariablen berücksichtigen.
Valsalva- und Müller-Manöver: Wer ist wer und was ist was?
Authors: Koehler Ulrich , Degerli Mikail Aykut , Hildebrandt Olaf , Hildebrandt Wulf , Korbmacher-Steiner Heike , von Wichert Peter , Podszus Thomas 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Valsalva-Manöver (VM) wurde nach dem italienischen Anatomen, Arzt und Chirurgen Antonio Maria Valsalva benannt (1666–1723). Beim VM wird versucht gegen einen Verschluss der oberen Atemwege kräftig auszuatmen. Originär hat Valsalva dieses Verfahren zur Überprüfung der Luftdurchgängigkeit der Eustachischen Röhre sowie zur Entfernung von Eiter/Flüssigkeit aus dem Mittelohr angewendet. Das VM führt zu einem erhöhten Druck intrathorakal und -abdominal und beeinträchtigt damit auch die kardiovaskuläre Hämodynamik. Der deutsche Physiologe Eduard Friedrich Weber hat das VM erstmalig im Sinne eines Tests zur kardiovaskulären Funktion beschrieben. Das Müller-Manöver (MM) kann als funktionelle Umkehr des Valsalva-Manövers verstanden werden. Es besteht aus einer forcierten inspiratorischen Atemanstrengung gegen den obstruierten oberen Atemweg und führt zu erhöhten negativen intrathorakalen und -abdominalen Drucken mit Effekten auf Herz und Kreislaufsystem. Das MM wird genutzt zur Simulation hämodynamischer Effekte bei obstruktiver Schlafapnoe. Benannt ist es nach dem deutschen Physiologen Johannes Müller (1801–1858).
Diagnostic Imaging Performance of Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Compared with Conventional Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Uterine Cervical Cancer
Authors: Shibuki Saki , Saida Tsukasa , Mori Kensaku , Ishiguro Toshitaka , Amano Taishi , Yoshida Miki , Miyata Mariko , Satoh Toyomi , Nakajima Takahito 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective This article evaluates the ability of low-energy (40 keV) virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) in the local diagnosis of cervical cancer compared with that of conventional computed tomography (C-CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), using clinicopathologic staging as a reference.
Methods This prospective study included 33 patients with pathologically confirmed cervical cancer who underwent dual-energy CT and MRI between 2021 and 2022. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the tumor-to-myometrium was compared between C-CT and VMI. Additionally, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for each local diagnostic parameter were compared between C-CT, VMI, and MRI. Interradiologist agreement was also assessed.
Results The mean CNR was significantly higher on VMI (p = 0.002). No significant difference in AUC was found between C-CT and VMI for all local diagnostic parameters, and the specificity of VMI was often significantly less than that of MRI. For parametrial invasion, mean sensitivity, specificity, and AUC for C-CT, VMI, and MRI were 0.81, 0.99, 0.93; 0.64, 0.35, 0.79; and 0.73, 0.67, 0.86, respectively, and MRI had significantly higher specificity and AUC than that of VMI (p = 0.013 and 0.008, respectively). Interradiologist agreement was higher for VMI than C-CT and for MRI than VMI.
Conclusion The CNR of VMI was significantly higher than C-CT and interradiologist agreement was better than with C-CT; however, the overall diagnostic performance of VMI did not significantly differ from C-CT and was inferior to MRI. VMI was characterized by low specificity, which should be understood and used for reading.
The Pathologist's Role in the Diagnosis of Hirschsprung's Disease
Authors: Erbersdobler Andreas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction The possibilities, recent advances, and pitfalls in the histopathologic workup of specimens submitted for the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) are presented.
Materials and Methods A literature research was performed in the database PubMed including the years 2000 to 2024.
Results The pathologist is involved in the diagnosis of HSCR in three scenarios: (1) the primary diagnosis in a child with the typical clinical symptoms, (2) the intra-operative guidance of surgery in a case where the diagnosis is already established, and (3) the confirmation of the diagnosis and the documentation of the extent of the disease in the resected specimen. Identification of ganglion cells in the enteric neural plexuses excludes HSCR, and the histological confirmation of a complete absence of these ganglion cells is the gold standard for its diagnosis. However, difficulties in the detection of ganglion cells with standard stains and/or a limited amount of tissue in the specimen submitted for diagnosis make supportive histologic stains and techniques, e.g., calretinin immunohistochemistry or acetylcholinesterase histochemistry necessary for an unequivocal diagnosis of HSCR.
Conclusions Improving the diagnostic accuracy of this life-threating disease is an interdisciplinary task. A good communication between pathologist and clinician, as well as mutual knowledge of skills and challenges of the other discipline, is necessary for a successful diagnostic teamwork.
Mechanical modeling of friction phenomena in social systems based on friction force
Authors: Wang Yanqing , Chen Hong , Long Ruyin , Gu Xiao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFriction is not an inherent attribute in natural science. Indeed, there are various friction phenomena present in social systems. In this study, the researchers developed the general concept of social friction and distinguished the two-dimensional structure of explicit-implicit social friction phenomena. Specifically, explicit friction includes institutional friction, economic friction, behavioral friction, and migration friction. Implicit friction includes cultural friction, cognitive friction, interpersonal friction, technological friction, and information friction. Physical theories such as friction force, classical mechanics, and functional principles have been introduced to construct a social friction force model. This paper describes the emergence and evolution of social friction phenomena from the mechanics perspective and clarifies the various characteristics of social friction force in different areas. This study also provides a new theoretical perspective for examining social friction phenomena and adds innovative content to intersection studies in physics and the social sciences.
Human behavior in the context of low-probability high-impact events
Authors: Sundh Joakim 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEvents with very low a-priori probability but very high impact shape our lives to a significant degree, on an individual as well as a global level. Unfortunately, people have difficulties understanding and processing the prospects of such events, leading to idiosyncratic behavior. In this article I summarize the main findings regarding human behavior in the context of low-probability high-impact events and identify the main sources of bias and other idiosyncrasies, specifically: [1] ignorance of critical events due to biased information search, [2] a false sense of security due to reinforcement learning and reliance on small samples, [3] biased evaluation of likelihood due to mental availability and affective content, and [4] inaccurate interpretation of risks due to the format by which they are communicated. I further suggest ways to mitigate these problems and areas where additional research is needed. Lastly, I emphasize that, in order to create useful interventions, more research on the interplay and the dynamics of effects, as well as more research based on practical rather than laboratory contexts, is needed.