bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Corticosteroid Injections in the Treatment of Sacroiliitis: A Narrative Review
Authors: Vu Peter D. , Malik Aila , Ryder Alexa , Enaohwo Ovie , Blazek Greg , Chen Jason W. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesAxial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic rheumatic, musculoskeletal, inflammatory disease with a propensity to present as sacroiliitis, which manifests as low back, buttock, or thigh pain. Effective primary management of axSpA requires a comprehensive approach specific to each patient and disease severity. Non‐pharmacological measures form the cornerstone of treatment. With refractory disease, management also consists of local periarticular and intraarticular injections. The use of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) corticosteroid injections for the treatment of axSpA and localised inflammation, however, is a continuously burgeoning management option. This narrative review aims to present consolidated findings and summarise previously unreferenced or recently available evidence regarding corticosteroid injections to the SIJ for treating sacroiliitis and axSpA.MethodsA comprehensive literary review with the following electronic databases was searched: MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE.ResultsThe initial search yielded a total of 126 references. After duplicates were removed and the remainder analysed for inclusion criteria, 7 studies were included. To stratify each study, injection methodology and characteristics were defined.DiscussionThe use of SIJ corticosteroid injections can be an appropriate and effective treatment option for refractory axSpA. The studies presented in this review reported a general trend towards a reduction in pain severity after SIJ corticosteroid injections. Because of the complexity and heterogeneity of the anatomy of the SIJ, image guidance is recommended when performing SIJ injections. Image‐guided injections seem to produce better outcomes when compared to anatomic landmark‐guided injections.
Enhancing multiscale simulations with constitutive relations‐aware deep operator networks
Authors: Eivazi Hamidreza , Alikhani Mahyar , Tröger Jendrik‐Alexander , Wittek Stefan , Hartmann Stefan , Rausch Andreas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMultiscale problems are widely observed across diverse domains in physics and engineering. Translating these problems into numerical simulations and solving them using numerical schemes, for example, the finite element method, is costly due to the demand of solving initial boundary‐value problems at multiple scales. On the other hand, multiscale finite element computations are commended for their ability to integrate micro‐structural properties into macroscopic computational analyses using homogenization techniques. Recently, neural operator‐based surrogate models have shown trustworthy performance for solving a wide range of partial differential equations. In this work, we propose a hybrid method in which we utilize deep operator networks for surrogate modeling of the microscale physics. This allows us to embed the constitutive relations of the microscale into the model architecture and to predict microscale strains and stresses based on the prescribed macroscale strain inputs. Furthermore, numerical homogenization is carried out to obtain the macroscale quantities of interest. We apply the proposed approach to quasi‐static problems of solid mechanics. The results demonstrate that our constitutive relations‐aware DeepONet can yield accurate solutions even when being confronted with a restricted dataset during model development.
Degradation of andrographolide in Andrographis paniculata over 1 year storage
Authors: Ahammed Md. Tanvin , Sultan Md. Zakir , Hossain Md. Sabbir , Al Mahtab Mamun , Bachar Sitesh Chandra 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionAndrographolide is a bioactive component found in the medicinal herb Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees (Family—Acanthaceae) is well‐known for its ability to cure liver disorders and as a bitter tonic.ObjectiveIn this study, the rate of degradation of andrographolide was examined over the course of a year of storage.Materials and methodsNew and old (1‐year storage) A. paniculata powder samples were used in the study. High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to assess the concentration of andrographolide after its extraction using ethanol as the solvent.ResultsThe findings demonstrated a 69.26% progressive deterioration of andrographolide over the storage period. Temperature and crystallinity are two factors that affect how quickly andrographolide degrades.ConclusionThe results emphasize how crucial it is to retain the effectiveness of A. paniculata extract by avoiding prolonged storage or by providing ideal storage conditions.
Hydrogen production in microwave discharge in water with barbotage of methane at atmospheric pressure: Experiment and modeling
Authors: Batukaev Т. S. , Bilera I. V. , Krashevskaya G. V. , Epstein I. L. , Lebedev Yu. A. , Tatarinov A. V. , Titov A. Yu. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGas chromatography was used to study the products of an atmospheric pressure microwave discharge in water with methane bubbling at incident microwave power ranging between 500 and 650 W and methane flow rate ranging between 25 and 75 mL/min. The main components of products are H2, CO, CO2, and CH4. The concentration of H2 reaches 75% with the energy consumption for hydrogen formation of 25 L/kWh. A zero‐dimensional self‐consistent nonstationary discharge model, which takes into account the process of quenching of reaction products, was developed to analyze experimental results and study mechanisms of the formation of hydrogen and carbon oxides. Taking into account the quenching of reaction products is an important and necessary part of modeling discharges in liquids.
A phylogenetic approach for identifying new sources of economically important fatty acids in plants and algae
Authors: Sbrizzi Serena , Mitchell Nora , Campbell Lesley G. , Arts Michael T. , Morris Emily , Borsato Nicole D. , Colombo Stefanie M. 
Published: August 2024

Societal Impact StatementNew sources of essential and other nutritionally and/or pharmacologically important fatty acids for human use can be discovered through bioprospecting. Demonstrating how fatty acids in plants and algae are distributed across a phylogeny is a critical first step in this process. Here, new sources of essential omega‐3 fatty acids that are critically important to human health were identified, such as green and Chromista algae, bryophytes and some angiosperm families. The identification of certain taxa that are high in critical fatty acids is important for developing new sources of these healthful compounds.Summary

Essential fatty acids (EFA) including long‐chain omega‐3 and omega‐6 EFA are key nutrients that broadly support the health of individuals and the ecosystems they inhabit. Production of these EFA is critical to global nutritional security, and therefore, it is imperative to assess the distribution patterns of FA in plants to bioprospect new resources that do not threaten biodiversity.
We used a meta‐analytic approach (phylogenetic signal analysis), which incorporated a wide variety of taxa to map FA profiles including both presence and abundance of specific FA and EFA onto a plant phylogeny including algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms.
Our phylogenetic signal analysis revealed that presence/absence of most FA of interest were randomly or ubiquitously distributed, while FA content was significantly clustered in specific clades for most key FA (including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and nervonic acid). Both green and Chromista algae displayed relatively high proportions of EPA and DHA, while green algae contained higher proportional amounts of stearidonic acid (SDA). Further, signal analysis revealed high proportional content of gamma‐linoleic acid (GLA) in bryophytes and some angiosperm families, suggesting potential sources for bioprospecting GLA.
This analysis provides a crucial foundation for understanding the influence of phylogenetic relationships in the relative proportions of key FA in plants and algae across a diverse phylogeny. Furthermore, in demonstrating how fatty acids in plants and algae are distributed across a phylogeny, we provide a critical first step in bioprospecting for new sources of essential and other nutritionally‐ and/or pharmacologically important fatty acids for human use.
IS4‐FAM, a fluorescent tool to study CXCR4 affinity and competitive antagonism in native cancer cells
Authors: Hamshaw Isabel , Cominetti Marco M. D. , Nana‐Akyin Princess , Yee Ho Ernie Ho , Searcey Mark , Mueller Anja 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe ability to accurately measure drug‐target interaction is critical for the discovery of new therapeutics. Classical pharmacological bioassays such as radioligand or fluorescent ligand binding assays can define the affinity or Kd of a ligand for a receptor with the lower the Kd, the stronger the binding and the higher the affinity. However, in many drug discovery laboratories today, the target of interest if often artificially upregulated by means of transfection to modify the host cell's genetic makeup. This then potentially invalidates the assumptions of classical pharmacology affinity calculations as the receptor of interest is no longer at normal physiological densities. The CXCR4 receptor is expressed on many different cancer cell types and is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis. Therefore, the CXCR4 receptor is a desirable target for novel therapeutics. In this study, we explore the applicability of the newly developed fluorescently tagged CXCR4 antagonists, IS4‐FAM as an investigative tool to study CXCR4 affinity and competitive antagonism in native, non‐transfected cancer cells using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. IS4‐FAM directly labels CXCR4 in several cell lines including high CXCR4 expressing SK‐MEL‐28 (malignant melanoma) and PC3 (metastatic prostate cancer) and lower CXCR4 expressing THP‐1 (acute monocytic leukemia) and was competitive with the established CXCR4 antagonist, AMD3100. This highlights the potential of IS4‐FAM as a pharmacological tool for drug discovery in native cells lines and tissues.
Population pharmacokinetics and exposure–response analyses of safety (ARIA‐E and isolated ARIA‐H) of lecanemab in subjects with early Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Majid Oneeb , Cao Youfang , Willis Brian A. , Hayato Seiichi , Takenaka Osamu , Lalovic Bojan , Sreerama Reddy Sree Harsha , Penner Natasha , Reyderman Larisa , Yasuda Sanae , Hussein Ziad 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLecanemab (Leqembi®) was recently approved by health authorities in the United States, Japan, and China to treat early Alzheimer's disease (AD), including patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease upon confirmation of amyloid beta pathology. Extensively and sparsely sampled PK profiles from 1619 AD subjects and 21,929 serum lecanemab observations from two phase I, one phase II, and one phase III studies were well characterized using a two‐compartment model with first‐order elimination. The final PK model quantified covariate effects of body weight and sex on clearance and central volume of distribution, ADA‐positive status, and albumin on clearance, and of Japanese ethnicity on central and peripheral volumes of distribution. Exposure to lecanemab was comparable between two lecanemab‐manufacturing processes. However, none of the identified covariates in the model had a clinically relevant impact on model‐predicted lecanemab Cmax or AUC at steady state following 10 mg/kg bi‐weekly. Importantly, age, a well‐recognized risk factor for AD, was not found to significantly affect lecanemab PK. The incidence of ARIA‐E as a function of lecanemab exposure was modeled using a logit function with data pooled from 2641 subjects from the phase II and phase III studies, in which a total of 177 incidences of ARIA‐E were observed. The probability of ARIA‐E was significantly correlated with model‐predicted Cmax and predicted to be higher in subjects homozygous for APOE4. The incidence of isolated ARIA‐H was not associated with lecanemab exposure and was similar between placebo and lecanemab‐treated subjects.
Trapped and drift‐tube ion‐mobility spectrometry for the analysis of environmental contaminants: Comparability of collision cross‐section values and resolving power
Authors: Belova Lidia , Caballero‐Casero Noelia , Ballesteros Ana , Poma Giulia , van Nuijs Alexander L. N. , Covaci Adrian 
Published: August 2024

RationaleIon‐mobility (IM)–derived collision cross‐section (CCS) values can serve as a valuable additional identification parameter within suspect and non‐target screening studies of environmental contaminants. However, these applications require to assess the reproducibility of CCS calculations between different IM set‐ups. Especially for the comparison of trapped and drift‐tube IM (TIMS/DTIM) derived CCS values, data for environmental applications is lacking.MethodsThe presented study assessed the bias of TIMS derived CCSN2 (TIMSCCSN2) values of 48 environmental contaminants from three classes in comparison to a previously established DTIM database. Based on two sets of isomeric bisphenols, the resolving power of both systems was compared, addressing the instrumental settings which influence the resolution of TIMS measurements.ResultsFor 91% of the datapoints, bias between TIMSCCSN2 and DTCCSN2 values (latter set as reference) were < 2%, indicating a good inter‐platform reproducibility. TIMS resolving power was dependent on the selected mobility window and ramping times whereby a resolution of up to 116 was achieved. Similar resolving power was observed for multiplexed DTIMS data if a high‐resolution post‐processing step was implemented.ConclusionsThese results provide valuable insights in CCSN2 reproducibility facilitating database transfer in future TIMS based studies. Knowledge on the influence of acquisition settings on robustness of TIMSCCSN2 calculations and resolving power can ease method development supporting efficient development and reliable identifications of emerging environmental contaminants.
Identifying microfoundations of dynamic managerial capabilities for business model innovation
Authors: Hock‐Doepgen Marianne , Heaton Sohvi , Clauss Thomas , Block Jörn 
Published: August 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryAlthough business model innovation (BMI) is said to be underpinned by managerial capabilities, there is a lack of studies that delve into the mechanisms through which these capabilities support BMI. In this study, we highlight internal and external advice seeking as underlying microfoundations of dynamic managerial capabilities for BMI and examine the mediating role of coordination flexibility capabilities (CFCs). With a survey dataset of 254 senior managers, our research reveals that external advice seeking capabilities positively influence BMI. Interestingly, the impact of internal advice seeking on BMI is fully mediated by CFC. Furthermore, our results indicate that the extent to which internal advice seeking impacts CFC is strengthened in firms with high levels of digitalization.Managerial SummaryWhile business model innovation (BMI) is often linked to the skills of managers, there is a lack of research exploring which particular skills actually drive BMI. In our study, we focus on how seeking advice internally and externally are crucial skills for managers in contributing to BMI, with coordination flexibility capabilities (CFC) playing a mediating role. Using data from a survey of 254 senior managers, we found that seeking external advice has a positive impact on BMI. Surprisingly, the influence of seeking internal advice on BMI is only significant when firms have high CFC at the organizational level. Additionally, we discovered that the relationship between internal advice seeking and CFC is stronger in highly digitalized firms.
Well‐Dispersed CsPbBr3@TiO2 Heterostructure Nanocrystals from Asymmetric to Symmetric
Authors: He Jiazhen , Liu Wanli , Hu Zhiyi , Wang Xiaoqian , Liu Jinfeng , Yin Zhiwen , Xu Zhewei , Li Hang , Deng Zhao , Zou Ji , Song Kang , Zhao Dongyuan , Liu Yong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMetal halide perovskites (MHPs) have undergone rapid development in the fields of solar cells, light diodes, lasing, photodetectors, etc. However, the MHPs still face significant challenges, such as poor stability and heterocompositing with other functional materials at the single nanoparticle level. Herein, the successful synthesis of well‐dispersed CsPbBr3@TiO2 heterostructure nanocrystals (NCs) is reported, in which each heterostructure NC has only one CsPbBr3 with a precise anatase TiO2 coating ranging from asymmetric to symmetric. Due to the protection of anatase TiO2, CsPbBr3 shows dramatically improved chemical stability and photostability. More significantly, the synthesized CsPbBr3@TiO2 heterostructure NCs form a type II heterojunction, which strongly promoted efficient photogenerated carrier separation between anatase TiO2 and CsPbBr3, hence leading to improved optoelectronic activity. This study provides a robust avenue for synthesizing stable and highly efficient MHPs@metal oxide heterostructure NCs, paving the way for the practical application of all inorganic perovskites.
Towards an ontology for process compliance with the (machinery) legislations
Authors: Gallina Barbara , Steierhoffer Gergő László , Young Olesen Thomas , Parajdi Eszter , Aarup Mike 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLegislations impose requirements on the manufacturing of machinery. Typically, these requirements are interpreted and refined by (domain‐specific) technical committees and published in terms of standards. At the company level, these refined requirements are further interpreted, refined, and documented in terms of internal processes. Due to the proliferation of (interdependent) legislations and standards and the consequent increase of the cognitive complexity, at the company level, manual knowledge management is becoming more and more challenging and requires automated decision support. Despite the availability of approaches aimed at automating the decision support, no one offers a satisfactory solution. In this paper, we focus on knowledge management for process compliance and we propose a novel structured ontology. Our ontology aims at mastering (by dividing and conquering via tracing) the cognitive complexity of the compliance problem, when heterogeneous and sometimes geographically distributed knowledge‐driven organizational structures (legal department, standardization department, etc.) are involved and need to communicate. We also illustrate the potential usefulness of our proposed ontology in the context of pumps manufacturing and safety process compliance with the Machinery Directive and related harmonized standards including EN 809:1998+A1. Specifically, first, we identify the competencies that characterize departments and interdepartment interactions, then we formulate an initial set of competency questions that translate those identified competencies, then we show how the ontology can be exploited to retrieve the answers to the questions and how the answers can be exploited to build a justification for compliance. Precisely, we propose an argumentation pattern given in two different argumentation notations, and we show how it can be partly instantiated by exploiting the returned answers. The illustration also partly covers the compliance with the Machinery Regulation, expected to replace the Machinery Directive by January 2027. Finally, we sketch our intended future work.
Geochemical Distribution of Lanthanum, Thorium, and Uranium in Surface Soils. Case Study: Mitrovica Region, Republic of Kosovo
Authors: Aliu Milihate , Šajn Robert , Stafilov Trajče 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to investigate the distribution of lanthanum, thorium, and uranium content in soils from the Mitrovica region in the Republic of Kosovo. For this purpose, 156 samples of topsoil (0–5 cm) were considered in a sampling network of 1.4 × 1.4 km2. The soil samples were prepared using the aqua regia digestion method and analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The contents of La, Th, and U in the soil of the study area were determined to be 19, 4.8, and 0.84 mg/kg, respectively. The enrichment factor values for La, Th, and U ranged from 3.8 to 7.9, 3.2 to 7.0, and 2.0 to 7.0, respectively, indicating moderate to substantial enrichment. The geo‐accumulation index values of all elements were less than zero, indicating uncontaminated levels. The spatial distribution patterns of La, Th, and U content showed that the values are elevated in the north‐eastern and western parts of the study area, where Miocene latites and quartz latites predominate (average contents of 35, 2.4, and 2.1 mg/kg, respectively). These areas are located in rural areas, suggesting that the high La, Th, and U contents in the soil are related to the lithology of the study area and there is no influence of possible anthropogenic sources. This study contributes to the database of La, Th, and U contents in the soils of the Mitrovica region and allows an assessment of the relationship between geochemistry and ecosystem health.
Digital Sustainability: Key Definitions and Concepts
Authors: Rosati Pierangelo , Lynn Theo , Kreps David , Conboy Kieran 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCurrent market dynamics require organisations to compete in a hypercompetitive environment that is constantly reshaped by digital transformation. At the same time, organisations face growing pressure to implement more sustainable practices in their day-to-day operations and contribute to the UN Sustainable Development Goals. This has led to two discrete research fields in the wider sustainability domain, namely research that explores and addresses (1) the environmental impact of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) themselves (Green IT), and (2) the design and promotion of applications of ICTs to reduce adverse environmental impacts of ICTs (Green IS). While these fields have been typically explored separately in the academic literature, recent studies have proposed the idea of ‘digital sustainability’ which highlights the presence of potential valuable synergies between them. This chapter aims to define what we mean by digital sustainability and discusses some of the main trends, themes and concepts related to digital sustainability before discussing the different topics covered in the remainder of the book.
Digital Technologies for Sustainable Product Management in the Circular Economy
Authors: Baumgartner Rupert J. , Berger Katharina , Schöggl Josef-Peter 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis chapter provides comprehensive insights into the potential of digital technologies for sustainable product management (SPM). Four key technologies (Artificial Intelligence, Big Data analytics, the Internet of Things, and blockchain) and their application for SPM are presented and discussed. Their potential is explored with regard to Life Cycle Assessment and Product Service Systems. Furthermore, the concept of the digital product passport is discussed, and their use in an SPM context is illustrated with reference to electric vehicle batteries. This chapter concludes with a critical reflection on the deployment of digital technologies for SPM and associated challenges relating to ethical and sustainability concerns.