bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of different management techniques to enhance colostrum intake on piglets’ growth and mortality
Authors: Muns R , Manteca X , Gasa J 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAn experiment was conducted to study the effect four different management techniques to enhance colostrum intake had on piglet and litter performance. Treatments were performed on piglets born weighing 1.30 kg or less (SP) within 6 h of birth: control group (CON); split-nursing of the litter for 2 h allowing only the SP piglets free access to teats (SPLIT); oral supplementation with 15 ml of sow colostrum to the SP piglets of the litter (COL); and oral supplementation with 3 ml of an energy product (Calostrene®) to the SP piglets of the litter (EN). Thirty-nine primiparous sows (Large White × Landrace) and their litters (507 piglets) and 100 multiparous sows and their litters (1,375 piglets) were used. Litters were fixed at 12 piglets. Piglets were weighed through lactation. Mortality was recorded. For primiparous sows, oral supplementation with COL enhanced SP piglets bodyweight (BW) at day 1 compared to CON, SPLIT, and EN. However, no differences on BW were observed at day 18 nor on litter total pre-weaning mortality. Nonetheless, lower SP piglets’ mortality rate was found in CON and EN compared to SPLIT and COL groups in primiparous sows. For multiparous sows, no differences among treatments were observed for SP piglets BW at day 1 or at day 18. Primiparous sows’ SP piglets had higher BW at day 1 than multiparous sows’ SP piglets. Colostrum supplementation of low birth weight piglets improved early weight gain in piglets born from primiparous sows, probably by enhancing their colostrum intake, but it did not affect piglets’ weaning BW or pre-weaning mortality.
Les enjeux et les défis du développement territorial durable dans une région à problèmes : le cas du comté de Restigouche au Nouveau-Brunswick
Authors: Laplante Pierre , Simard Majella 
Published: April 2015

Cet article s’inscrit dans la foulée d’une problématique récurrente en développement régional : celle des disparités. En raison de sa vaste étendue et de la faiblesse de sa population, le Canada se distingue par la persistance de disparités qui ont tendance à se manifester avec une plus grande acuité dans les régions situées à l’est du pays. Le Restigouche s’inscrit dans cette perspective. Située au nord du Nouveau-Brunswick, cette région se caractérise par la persistance de nombreuses disparités socio-économiques par rapport à la province. De fait, celle-ci est aux prises avec un sous-emploi chronique, de faibles niveaux de revenus, une dépendance à l’égard des transferts gouvernementaux, un affaiblissement de son infrastructure de services ainsi qu’avec le dépeuplement de son territoire. En outre, la crise du bois d’oeuvre a affecté l’économie de cette région tributaire de l’exploitation de la forêt. Comment les acteurs du Restigouche perçoivent-ils la situation socio-économique de leur milieu ? Telle est la principale question qui sert de fil conducteur à cet article dont l’objectif consiste à analyser, sous l’angle des représentations sociales, les enjeux et les défis du développement territorial durable dans le comté de Restigouche. Notre cadrage conceptuel s’appuie sur les notions de développement territorial durable et de représentations sociales. Au plan méthodologique, la démonstration des résultats est effectuée à partir des données de Statistique Canada et d’enquêtes sur le terrain. Ceux-ci révèlent une accentuation des disparités socio-économiques entre 1986 et 2006. Bien que leur appréciation diffère selon les acteurs locaux, ces derniers admettent que leur persistance est difficilement conciliable avec un développement territorial durable et que leur résorption relève de l’État.
Mechanism and development model of karsts in Ordovician buried hills in western Lungu area, Tarim Basin
Authors: Qingyu Zhang , Bin Liang , Jianwen Cao , Yong Dan , Yanzhen Hao , Jingrui Li 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
In the western Lungu area in the Tarim Basin, dissolution pores, holes and fractures served as reservoir space in the Ordovician carbonate rocks. The karst reservoirs had a strong heterogeneity, and were classified into four types, including fracture, hole, fracture - hole, and cave. In different landscape units, the karsted fracture and hole system was vertically zoned. The mechanism of karst was studied with sheet analysis, and a developmentmodel of the karst reservoir in the Ordovician western Lungu carbonate rocks was established. The Lungu7 block in the east was the highest in the study area, and recharged the buried hills in Lunnan. The karst platform in the western Lungu area recharged the western Lungu area. Meteoric water infiltrated, forming dissolution pores and fractures, which were filled by clays and calcites. On the karst slope, groundwater migrated horizontally, and a karst river/pipeline system developed, filled by karst breccias and clays. The karst basin drainage area determined the scale of karst development.
Clinician Specialty and HIV PrEP Prescription Reversals and Abandonments
Authors: Bakre Shivani , Chang Hsien-Yen , Doshi Jalpa A. , Goedel William C. , Saberi Parya , Chan Philip A. , Nunn Amy , Dean Lorraine T. 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceClinicians are a key component of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) care. Yet, no prior studies have quantitatively investigated how PrEP adherence differs by clinician specialty.ObjectiveTo understand the association between prescribing clinician specialty and patients not picking up (reversal/abandonment) their initial PrEP prescription.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study of patients who were 18 years or older used pharmacy claims data from 2015 to 2019 on new insurer-approved PrEP prescriptions that were matched with clinician data from the US National Plan and Provider Enumeration System. Data were analyzed from January to May 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresClinician specialties included primary care practitioners (PCPs), infectious disease (ID), or other specialties. Reversal was defined as a patient not picking up their insurer-approved initial PrEP prescription. Abandonment was defined as a patient who reversed and still did not pick their prescription within 365 days.ResultsOf the 37 003 patients, 4439 (12%) were female and 32 564 (88%) were male, and 77% were aged 25 to 54 years. A total of 24 604 (67%) received prescriptions from PCPs, 3571 (10%) from ID specialists, and 8828 (24%) from other specialty clinicians. The prevalence of reversals for patients of PCPs, ID specialists, and other specialty clinicians was 18%, 18%, and 25%, respectively, and for abandonments was 12%, 12%, and 20%, respectively. After adjusting for confounding, logistic regression models showed that, compared with patients who were prescribed PrEP by a PCP, patients prescribed PrEP by ID specialists had 10% lower odds of reversals (odds ratio [OR], 0.90; 95% CI, 0.81-0.99) and 12% lower odds of abandonment (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.78-0.98), while patients prescribed by other clinicians had 33% higher odds of reversals (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.25-1.41) and 54% higher odds of abandonment (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.44-1.65).ConclusionThe results of this cross-sectional study suggest that PCPs do most of the new PrEP prescribing and are a critical entry point for patients. PrEP adherence differs by clinician specialties, likely due to the populations served by them. Future studies to test interventions that provide adherence support and education are needed.
GABA Analogue HSK16149 in Chinese Patients With Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Guo Xiaohui , Zhang Tingting , Yuan Geheng , Zeng Weifang , Hu Qingyuan , Ma Jianhua , Li Yukun , Li Hongmei , Zhang Yawei , Liu Jie , Bian Fang , Zhang Wei , Zhang Fang , Pang Shuguang , Li Ya , Wu Xiaohong , Tang Xulei , Zhang Keqin , Pan Tianrong , Hu Honglin , Cheng Zhifeng , Wang Yanjun , Gao Jialin , Sun Jia 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceMany patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP) experience inadequate relief, despite best available medical treatments. There are no approved and effective therapies for patients with DPNP in China.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of capsules containing γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) analogue HSK16149 in the treatment of Chinese patients with DPNP.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis phase 2 to 3 adaptive randomized clinical trial was multicenter, double blind, and placebo and pregabalin controlled. The trial started on December 10, 2020, and concluded on July 8, 2022. In stage 1, various doses of HSK16149 were evaluated to determine safety and efficacy for stage 2. The second stage then validated the efficacy and safety of the recommended dose.InterventionIn stage 1, enrolled patients (n = 363) were randomized 1:1:1:1:1:1 to 4 HSK16149 doses (40, 80, 120, or 160 mg/d), pregabalin (300 mg/d), or placebo. In stage 2, patients (n = 362) were randomized 1:1:1 to receive HSK16149, 40 or 80 mg/d, or placebo. The final efficacy and safety analysis pooled data from patients receiving the same treatment.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary efficacy end point in stage 1 was the change from baseline in average daily pain score (ADPS) at week 5. The primary efficacy end point in stage 2 was the change from baseline in ADPS at week 13. When the final statistical analysis was performed, the P values calculated from the independent data of each phase were combined using the weighted inverse normal method to make statistical inferences.ResultsOf 725 randomized patients in the full-analysis set (393 men [54.2%]; mean [SD] age, 58.80 [9.53] years; 700 [96.6%] of Han Chinese ethnicity), 177 received placebo; 178, HSK16149, 40 mg/d; 179, HSK16149, 80 mg/d; 66, HSK16149, 120 mg/d; 63, HSK16149, 160 mg/d; and 62, pregabalin, 300 mg/d. A total of 644 patients (88.8%) completed the study. The 40- and 80-mg/d doses of HSK16149 were recommended in stage 2. At week 13, the ADPS mean (SD) change from baseline was −2.24 (1.55) for the 40-mg/d and −2.16 (1.79) for 80-mg/d groups and −1.23 (1.68) for the placebo group, showing statistical significance for both HSK16149 doses vs placebo (both P &amp;lt; .001). In a safety set (n = 726), 545 patients (75.1%) had adverse events, which were generally mild to moderate, with dizziness and somnolence being the most common.Conclusions and RelevanceForty- and eighty-mg/d doses of HSK16149 were recommended for treating patients with DPNP in China. The efficacy of HSK16149 capsules was superior to placebo in all groups for relieving DPNP and appeared well tolerated.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04647773
Localized Nicardipine Release Implants for Prevention of Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Wessels Lars , Wolf Stefan , Adage Tiziana , Breitenbach Jörg , Thomé Claudius , Kerschbaumer Johannes , Bendszus Martin , Gmeiner Matthias , Gruber Andreas , Mielke Dorothee , Rohde Veit , Wostrack Maria , Meyer Bernard , Gempt Jens , Bavinzski Gerhard , Hirschmann Dorian , Vajkoczy Peter , Hecht Nils 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceCerebral vasospasm largely contributes to a devastating outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), with limited therapeutic options.ObjectiveTo investigate the safety and efficacy of localized nicardipine release implants positioned around the basal cerebral vasculature at risk for developing proximal vasospasm after aSAH.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis single-masked randomized clinical trial with a 52-week follow-up was performed between April 5, 2020, and January 23, 2023, at 6 academic neurovascular centers in Germany and Austria. Consecutive patients with World Federation of Neurological Surgeons grade 3 or 4 aSAH due to a ruptured anterior circulation aneurysm requiring microsurgical aneurysm repair participated.InterventionDuring aneurysm repair, patients were randomized 1:1 to intraoperatively receive 10 implants at 4 mg of nicardipine each plus standard of care (implant group) or aneurysm repair alone plus standard of care (control group).Main Outcome and MeasuresThe primary end point was the incidence of moderate to severe cerebral angiographic vasospasm (aVS) between days 7 and 9 after aneurysm rupture as determined by digital subtraction angiography.ResultsOf 41 patients, 20 were randomized to the control group (mean [SD] age, 54.9 [9.1] years; 17 female [85%]) and 21 to the implant group (mean [SD] age, 53.6 [11.9] years; 14 female [67%]). A total of 39 patients were included in the primary efficacy analysis. In the control group, 11 of 19 patients (58%) developed moderate or severe aVS compared with 4 of 20 patients (20%) in the implant group (P = .02). This outcome was paralleled by a lower clinical need for vasospasm rescue therapy in the implant group (2 of 20 patients [10%]) compared with the control group (11 of 19 patients [58%]; P = .002). Between days 13 and 15 after aneurysm rupture, new cerebral infarcts were noted in 6 of 19 patients (32%) in the control group and in 2 of 20 patients (10%) in the implant group (P = .13). At 52 weeks, favorable outcomes were noted in 12 of 18 patients (67%) in the control group and 16 of 19 patients (84%) in the implant group (P = .27). The adverse event rate did not differ between groups.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings show that placing nicardipine release implants during microsurgical aneurysm repair can provide safe and effective prevention of moderate to severe aVS after aSAH. A phase 3 clinical trial to investigate the effect of nicardipine implants on clinical outcome may be warranted.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04269408
A Microstructure‐Enhanced Dual‐Mode LC Sensor with a PSO‐BP Algorithm for Precise Detection of Temperature and Pressure
Authors: Miao Hailiang , Bi Jinglong , Gao Yang , Wang Yiming , Wang Tao , Mo Runwei , Qian Min , Zhu Mingliang , Xuan Fuzhen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHigh‐sensitivity flexible wireless passive sensors with multiple parameters sensing capability are highly demanded for industrial production, structural health monitoring, and medical care. In this study, a microstructure‐enhanced temperature and pressure dual‐mode inductance capacitance (LC) sensor is developed with a particle swarm optimization‐back propagation (PSO‐BP) algorithm for simultaneous measurement of temperature and pressure. In the device, two interdigital electrodes connected at different parts of an inductor is used to realize dual‐mode measurement of pressure and temperature, with reduced volume and cost of the device as well as avoided interaction of the superimposed inductance. The sandpaper‐molded polydimethylsiloxane microstructures are employed to enhance the device sensitivity, with six and three times of improvement in temperature and pressure sensitivity, respectively. A PSO‐BP neural network suitable for regression analysis of low dimensional small sample data is constructed to achieve the simultaneous measurement of pressure and temperature with an accuracy up to 94%. Furthermore, investigations have proved the promising applications of the dual‐mode LC sensor in health monitoring of lithium‐ion batteries and detection of plantar pressure for medical care.
Ferroelectricity‐Tuned Band Topology and Superconductivity in 2D Materials and Related Heterostructures
Authors: Chen Jianyong , Cui Ping , Zhang Zhenyu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFerroelectricity, band topology, and superconductivity are respectively local, global, and macroscopic properties of quantum materials, and understanding their mutual couplings offers unique opportunities for exploring rich physics and enhanced functionalities. In this mini‐review, the attempt is to highlight some of the latest advances in this vibrant area, focusing in particular on ferroelectricity‐tuned superconductivity and band topology in 2D materials and related heterostructures. First, results from predictive studies of the delicate couplings between ferroelectricity and topology or superconductivity based on first‐principles calculations and phenomenological modeling are presented, with ferroelectricity‐enabled topological superconductivity as an appealing objective. Next, the latest advances on experimental studies of ferroelectricity‐tuned superconductivity based on different 2D materials or van der Waals heterostructures are covered. Finally, as perspectives, schemes are outlined that may allow to materialize new types of 2D systems that simultaneously harbor ferroelectricity and superconductivity, or that may lead to enhanced ferroelectric superconductivity, ferroelectric topological superconductivity, and new types of superconducting devices such as superconducting diodes.
Advanced Stretchable Aerogels and Foams for Flexible Electronics and Beyond
Authors: Liang Xing , Sun Qi , Zhang Xiaoyu , Hu Zhenyu , Liu Muxiang , Gu Puzhong , Yang Xiao , Zu Guoqing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith the increasing demands for artificial intelligence, robotics, electronic skin, healthcare, and energy storage/conversion, the research focus on flexible electronics has started to shift from being merely bendable and rollable to being stretchable. In recent years, stretchable aerogels and foams have drawn significant attention in the field of flexible electronics due to their unique porous structures, low density, high porosity, and high flexibility. This work provides a comprehensive review of the state‐of‐the‐art developments in stretchable aerogels and foams, encompassing their preparation, structures, properties, and applications. The preparation methods, typical structures of stretchable aerogels and foams, stretching principle, and the relationship between their structures, stretchability, and other properties are investigated. Their latest applications in stretchable strain/pressure sensors, electrodes and conductors, chemical sensors and biosensors, supercapacitors, batteries, triboelectric nanogenerators, electromagnetic shielding, microwave absorption, thermal management, adsorption, separation/filtration, and shape memory are introduced. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities of stretchable aerogels and foams are summarized. This work provides a guideline for the development of stretchable aerogels and foams and next‐generation high‐performance flexible electronics based on stretchable porous materials.
Self‐Powered Luminescent Solar Concentrators‐Integrated Temperature Detection System with High Thermal Tolerance by Reversible Thermal Photoluminescence Luminophores
Authors: Guo Haotian , Xia Pengfei , Huang Shichao , Sun Hongcan , Lu Changgui , Liang Cai , Zhou Xiaoxi , Xu Shuhong , Wang Chunlei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIt is still a challenge to prepare the red‐emissive perovskite‐polymer composite with high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and reversible thermal photoluminescence (RTPL), which is key for improving the thermal tolerance of luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs). In this work, the red‐emissive (661 nm) CsPb(Br0.25I0.75)3‐PMMA composite with high PLQY of 85.96% and favorable RTPL below 160 °C is reported via a strategy of the defect passivation by halide ligand additives. The composite film possesses excellent long‐term stability in air, water, and high temperature environments. Then, a self‐powered temperature detection system, which consists of LSCs and a temperature detection module based on the RTPL composite film, is fabricated. On one hand, RTPL composite makes LSCs of superior thermal tolerance even after 100 cycles of temperature between room temperature and 160 °C. On the other hand, RTPL composite in the opaque box of the temperature detection module can give rise to the signal light without the interference of ambient light. As a result, the self‐powered temperature detection system achieves the quantitative temperature data display at different environment lights for 24 h in a day.
Asymmetrical Promotional Effect in the Disorder‐to‐Order Transition of Au‐Pt‐Cu Ternary Alloy Electrocatalysts
Authors: Zhao Wenbo , Hu Zheng , Li Mengyao , Hu Shi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBinary alloys of platinum (Pt) are well‐studied to address the poor poisoning resistance of Pt. Among them, the ordered alloys, also known as intermetallics, tend to show exceptional advantages in activity and durability. In contrast, the medium and high‐entropy Pt alloy systems, with three or more elements, have been reported with better performance but not fully understood, due to the complex relationship of elemental miscibility. Herein a unique asymmetric synergistic effect in the ordering process of a series of ternary alloy AuxPt1‐xCu3 (x = 0‐1) is reported. The volcano plot of ordering degree (OD) in AuxPt1‐xCu3 (x = 0‐1) shows its peak in the Au‐rich samples but gradually shifts to Au/Pt equal molar ratio with the increasing temperature. Based on formation energy calculation and molecular dynamics analysis, the unique ordering trend of ternary alloys and the shift of OD peak position are rationalized. Among the studied samples, Au0.4Pt0.6Cu3‐350 sample exhibits the highest mass activity in electrocatalytic ethanol oxidation (3.58 A·mgAu+Pt−1), 4.4 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C. This work not only explores the unique asymmetrical effect in the OD of ternary intermetallics, but also helps to understand the complex inter‐metallic relationship in the medium‐entropy and high‐entropy alloys.
A Non‐Metallic Nanozyme Ameliorates Pulmonary Hypertension Through Inhibiting ROS/TGF‐β1 Signaling
Authors: Liu Ruxia , Zhou Ting , Li Xinsheng , Zou Quan , Yu Jiaojiao , Ye Jingjing , Wang Wenhui , Zhou Yan , Sun Shao‐Kai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life‐threatening cardiovascular disease with a lack of effective treatment options. Nanozymes, though promising for PH therapy, pose safety risks due to their metallic nature. Here, a non‐metallic nanozyme is reported for the treatment of monocrotaline (MCT)‐induced PH with a therapeutic mechanism involving the ROS/TGF‐β1 signaling. The synthesized melanin‐polyvinylpyrrolidone‐polyethylene glycol (MPP) nanoparticles showcase ultra‐small size, excellent water solubility, high biocompatibility, and remarkable antioxidant capacity. The MPP nanoparticles are capable of effectively eliminating ROS in isolated pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) from PH rats, and significantly reduce PASMC proliferation and migration. In vivo results from a PH model demonstrate that MPP nanoparticles significantly increase pulmonary artery acceleration time, decrease wall thickening and PCNA expression in lung tissues, as evidenced by echocardiograpy, histology and immunoblot analysis. Additionally, MPP nanoparticles treatment improve running capacity, decrease Fulton index, and attenuate right ventricular fibrosis in MCT‐PH rats by using treadmill test, picrosirius red, and trichrome Masson staining. Further transcriptomic and biochemical analyses reveal that inhibiting ROS‐driven activation of TGF‐β1 in the PA is the mechanism by which MPP nanoparticles exert their therapeutic effect. This study provides a novel approach for treating PH with non‐metallic nanozymes based on a well‐understood mechanism.