bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-resolution long-term average groundwater recharge in Africa estimated using random forest regression and residual interpolation
Authors: Pazola Anna , Shamsudduha Mohammad , French Jon , MacDonald Alan M. , Abiye Tamiru , Goni Ibrahim Baba , Taylor Richard G. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Groundwater recharge is a key hydrogeological variable that informs the renewability of groundwater resources. Long-term average (LTA) groundwater recharge provides a measure of replenishment under the prevailing climatic and land-use conditions and is therefore of considerable interest in assessing the sustainability of groundwater withdrawals globally. This study builds on the modelling results by MacDonald et al. (2021), who produced the first LTA groundwater recharge map across Africa using a linear mixed model (LMM) rooted in 134 ground-based studies. Here, continent-wide predictions of groundwater recharge were generated using random forest (RF) regression employing five variables (precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, soil moisture, normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and aridity index) at a higher spatial resolution (0.1° resolution) to explore whether an improved model might be achieved through machine learning. Through the development of a series of RF models, we confirm that a RF model is able to generate maps of higher spatial variability than a LMM; the performance of final RF models in terms of the goodness of fit (R2=0.83; 0.88 with residual kriging) is comparable to the LMM (R2=0.86). The higher spatial scale of the predictor data (0.1°) in RF models better preserves small-scale variability from predictor data than the values provided via interpolated LMMs; these may prove useful in testing global- to local-scale models. The RF model remains, nevertheless, constrained by its representation of focused recharge and by the limited range of recharge studies in humid, equatorial Africa, especially in the areas of high precipitation. This confers substantial uncertainty in model estimates.
The Effect of Supervision in Education on Teacher Quality and Performance
Authors: Altınok Vicdan 
Published: July 2024

It can be said that supervision practices are one of the most emphasized and researched areas. The fact that the problems identified as a result of the supervision practices continue even after many years shows that the desired change and development has not been achieved. The continuing problems regarding the teaching process in the field of education constituted the starting point of this research. The aim is to determine what needs to be done to ensure that supervision practices in education contribute to teacher qualifications and performance. Thus, it is to contribute to the solution of problems in the teaching process at the desired level. İn line with this purpose, opinions were taken from schools at different levels in different provinces and from teachers in different branches in these schools. A total of 56 teachers, 8 from each province at each educational level, participated in the research from Ankara, Kırıkkale, Hatay, Istanbul, Gaziantep, Bursa and Ağrı. Phenomenology pattern, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. A semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher was used to determine what expectations the participants had in terms of contributing to their qualifications and performance while doing their jobs, in line with their opinions about their experiences regarding supervision practices in their schools. Content analysis was used in this research with a qualitative descriptive survey model. As a result of the analysis, the participants mean that inspections within the framework of the legislation should be carried out with a guidance approach and should contribute to the self-improvement of teachers. They stated that avoiding unnecessary explanations other than the purpose of the audit would positively affect their qualifications. In addition, it has been revealed that conducting the audit with open communication, away from mobbing, and having the right to evaluate the audit process or replace the auditors who have a negative attitude during the audit process will positively affect their performance.İn order for supervision practices to contribute positively to teacher performance and quality; It would be appropriate to provide up-to-date scientific information, to allow teachers to share their experiences with each other within the framework of a culture of discussion, to develop a sense of control in teachers, the supervisor to ask point do not know, giving placeto education sessions and workshops.
Blood lipids in gallstone disease: associations with risk factors
Authors: Grigor’eva I. N. , Nepomnyashchikh D. L. 
Published: July 2024

Aim of the review – to present an analysis of the literature data on the association of serum lipids with the presence of gallstone disease (GSD), as well as with the main risk factors for GSD – age, female sex, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), arterial hypertension (AH) over a 50-year period. In numerous studies, hypertriglyceridemia (HTH), hypocholesterolemia of high-density lipoproteins (hypo-HDL) have been recognized as risk factors for GSD. In 1994–1995 in Novosibirsk (WHO MONICA project), in a population sample of women aged 25-64 (n = 870) and men aged 35–54 (n = 399) with sonographic diagnoses of GSD, GSD is much more common among men and women with lipid metabolism disorders: the highest frequency of GSD was noted in the 4th quartile of the distribution of total cholesterol (TC) levels (4.5 % for men and 12.4 % for women). For LDL cholesterol, the highest incidence of GSD was noted in the 5th quintile of the distribution (3.8 % in men and 10.9 % in women). When calculating by the largest χ2 method in women, the levels of TC (178 mg/dl), TG (177 mg/dl) in the blood were determined, exceeding which significantly increases the chance of GSD, for HDL cholesterol (68.5 mg/dl) the model is insignificant. There was a correlation between blood lipids and age, BMI, and DM2 in women with GSD, but not in men with GSD. The lipid profile in patients with GSD is not associated with AH. Most authors recognize GSD as a lipid-associated disease. However, the literature data are contradictory: there are opinions about a direct, inverse or absent association of blood lipids with GSD, perhaps due to differences in the design, size, and ethnicity of the subjects, as well as since the level of serum lipids is closely correlated with other risk factors for GSD, which significantly complicates the differentiated assessment of their contribution to the process of gallstone formation. Further studies of the contribution of lipid factors to the development of GSD are needed.
К изучению сигнифики мужских наборных поясов древних тюрков
Authors: Самашев Зайнолла , Айткали Азат 
Published: July 2024

Статья посвящена анализу и интерпретации материалов, обнаруженных в процессе исследования кургана № 3 древнетюркского времени археологического комплекса Елеке сазы на Тарбагатае. Погребальное сооружение расположено в непосредственной близости от культово-мемориального комплекса «каганско-княжеского типа». В кургане исследовано захоронение индивида вместе с лошадью и богатым набором сопроводительного инвентаря, содержащим вещи военного назначения, элементы убранства лошади и бытовые предметы. Особый интерес представляет поясной комплект, состоящий из 16-ти металлических блях-накладок различной конфигурации, что указывает на высокий социальный статус захороненного индивида. Этот набор содержит элементы, выделяющиеся своей оригинальностью и отсутствием прямых аналогов, что подчёркивает его уникальность. Кроме того, исследование сосредоточено на характеристике архитектурных особенностей погребального сооружения, включая его форму, размеры и внутреннюю организацию. Наземное сооружение кургана рассматривается как важный этнокультурный признак, отражающий особенности похоронного ритуала. Идентифицированные элементы ритуала отображают черты погребальной практики, типичные для одной из тюркоязычных групп. Анализ вещевого комплекса, в сочетании с результатами радиоуглеродного анализа, предоставил возможность установить хронологические границы возведения кургана VIII-IX веками. Корреляция между новыми археологическими материалами и письменными свидетельствами подтверждает нахождение на территории изучаемого района представителей карлукских и кимакских племен в указанный исторический период.
Тюркские ограды Жанажурт
Authors: Дмитриев Евгений Анатольевич , Кукушкин Алексей Игоревич , Кукушкин Игорь Алексеевич 
Published: July 2024

Изучение поминально-ритуальных комплексов – одно из важных направлений тюркской проблематики. Оно особо приоритетно для центрально-казахстанского региона, где наиболее проработан лишь аспект, связанный со статуарной традицией, а исследования памятников раннего средневековья длительное время в целом имели не комплексный характер и были довольно малочисленными, особенно на фоне объёма работ на комплексах других исторических периодов. За последнее десятилетие количество работ на тюркских оградах увеличилось, что актуализирует некоторое обобщение истории их изучения, реализованное в рамках данной статьи. В результате в настоящее время мы располагаем данными о 34 сооружениях. Вводятся в научный оборот материалы комплекса Жанажурт, где раскопаны две отдельно стоящие четырехугольные оградки. В вопросе назначения тюркских оград, опираясь на письменные источники, а также результаты полевых работ, можно говорить об их преимущественно поминальном назначении. Фактически, они являются сильно упрощённым и уменьшенным аналогом каганско-княжеских комплексов Монголии. Принимая во внимание во многом дискуссионный характер хронологического соотношения различных видов оград, считаем возможным на данный момент датировать их широким временны́м диапазоном в рамках 2-й половины VI–VIII/IX в.
О межисследовательских расхождениях в оценках возраста по костям скелета взрослого человека на примере выборки окуневской культуры
Authors: Широбоков Иван Григорьевич , Громов Андрей Викторович 
Published: July 2024

Исследование посвящено анализу межисследовательских расхождений в оценках возраста по костям скелета разной степени комплектности. Пять антропологов провели независимую оценку пола и возраста серии скелетов из двух могильников окуневской культуры (Хакасия, эпоха ранней бронзы). Оценка возраста проводилась в двух вариантах: 1. в соответствии с традиционными методами, используемыми физическими антропологами; 2. при помощи программы «Transition Analysis 3» (TA3), в основе которой лежит случайная обобщённая линейная модель, обучаемая на задокументированной информации о возрастной изменчивости десятков признаков. В качестве меры согласия между оценками использовался коэффициент внутриклассовой корреляции (ICC). Результаты свидетельствуют о высокой согласованности оценок, полученных в рамках обоих подходов, и преимуществе ТA3. Новый метод обнаруживает также дополнительное преимущество в оценке возраста индивидов старше 50 лет. Более высокая согласованность оценок TA3, вероятно, объясняется стандартизированной процедурой фиксации большого числа скелетных признаков с небольшим числом вариантов. Согласованность оценок возрастной структуры выборки в целом также заметно выше при использовании TA3, чем при традиционном подходе. Однако в этом случае, вероятно, ключевую роль играет большая величина возрастных интервалов, предлагаемых TA3, по сравнению с субъективно оцениваемыми интервалами при стандартном подходе. Оценки пола совпали между участниками в 19 из 23 (83%) случаев. Сопоставление генетических определений пола, полученных для 9-ти скелетов, и морфологических оценок обнаружило совпадение в среднем в 84% случаев.
Строительные традиции населения позднего бронзового века на территории Оренбургского Предуралья
Authors: Файзуллин Ильдар Асхатович 
Published: July 2024

Статья посвящена постройкам позднего бронзового века на территории Оренбургского Предуралья. На исследованной территории раскопкам было подвергнуто 13 поселений, из них только на семи были обнаружены постройки. Размерные характеристики построек сопоставимы с памятниками в соседних регионах, однако на них исследованы и более крупные сооружения, которые в нашем регионе отсутствуют. Бесстолбовые строения наземного типа представлены семью постройками. Данная группа доминирует и является отличительной чертой рассматриваемой территории. Преобладание наземных построек в регионе может отражать способ ведения хозяйства. Достаточно подвижное скотоводство не предполагало возведения мощных жилых и хозяйственных строений. При частой смене места проживания ключевую роль играла возможность быстрого ремонта построек для повторного заселения.
HAKIKAT DAN MAJAZ DALAM AL-QURAN
Authors: Andre Bahrudin  , Nyimas Anisah  , Dwi Noviani  , Sukriadi  
Published: July 2024

Alquran diturunkan kepada umat Islam sebagai pedoman hidup dengan menggunakan bahasa Arab. Untuk memahami isinya, seseorang harus menguasai bahasa Arab dengan baik karena di dalam Alquran terdapat beberapa gaya bahasa dalam menyampaikan isinya, di antaranya adalah hakikat dan majaz. Hakikat adalah pokok. Sedangkan majaz adalah cabang. Hakikat adalah lafaz yang digunakan sesuai dengan makna aslinya. Sedangkan majaz adalah lafaz yang digunakan bukan pada makna aslinnya karena ada hubungan (alaqah) tertentu serta adanya indikator (qariinah) yang mengalihkan dari makna aslinya. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan. Sumber data tulisan ini diambil dari kitab, buku, jurnal dan sumber lainnya yang berkaitan dengan pembahasan. Tulisan ini akan memaparkan apa yang dimaksud dengan hakikat dan majaz dalam Alquran, cara menentukan lafaz hakikat atau majaz, ketentuan yang berkaitan dengan hakikat dan majaz, penyebab tidak berlakunya hakikat dan majaz serta pendapat ulama terkait keberadaan keduanya. Tidak lain supaya kita tidak salah dalam memahami isi Alquran.
Accessibility in urban spaces
Authors: NAYAK GANESH S 
Published: July 2024

Sustainability in the urban context means much more than environmental and planning efficiency. To make a place sustainable is also to make it equitable to people with differences, maintain and foster rich cultural connections and relationships. The differences extend to class, color, race, caste, gender, disability. Truly sustainable spaces are also accessible spaces. Urban resilience, which by definition enfolds sustainability, is an opportunity to include the agenda of accessibility. This is more so in the Indian context where urban development more often than not is inconsistent in adopting accessibility, and accessible spaces are patchy and disconnected. If the concept of jugaad as indigenous innovation fits in with urban resilience, it needs to, by extension, be examined with respect to sustainable and accessible environments.
The essay will examine the question: where does jugaad figure when urbanism is viewed through the lens of accessibility? What is the potential and limits of jugaad in this context?
It is intriguing to explore jugaad as bricolage, in Claude Levi-Strauss' dichotomy of the bricoleur and the scientist, which extrapolates to various other relevant dichotomies such as local/global, mythic/scientific, particular/universal. The essay also examines the history of accessibility in Indian cities, setting up the present need for this critical component of any sustainable, equitable environment. It then examines jugaad's potential and limits in the making of accessible urban spaces.
The essay is an open-ended inquiry into the subject, sparked by a combination of factors: my Indian origin and experience of living in India for over two decades, scholarly graduate study of the mythicity of Indian cities, and my personal experience of participating in the daily care of my son, a young adult with developmental disabilities.
Breaking barriers to digital twin adoption: CP-Sens paves the way for SMEs
Authors: Abbiati Giuseppe 
Published: July 2024

Breaking barriers to digital twin adoption: CP-Sens paves the way for SMEs
CP-Sens is working to make digital twin technology accessible to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the mechanical and structural engineering sectors. The project is creating a user-friendly platform that combines sensors, simulation models and real-time data to create virtual replicas of physical systems. This technology allows SMEs to monitor, analyse and optimise their products and processes, leading to cost savings, faster innovation and improved efficienc
Exploring the route to a climate resilient future
Authors: Sovacool Benjamin K 
Published: July 2024

Exploring the route to a climate resilient future
The EU-funded GENIE project will explore the environmental, technical, social, legal, ethical and policy dimensions of greenhouse gas removal and solar radiation management. GENIE aims to produce a comprehensive scientific assessment for evidence-based policymaking to address climate change, and to expand our toolkit for a zero-emissions future.
Unravelling Earth’s story: how crystals reveal the secrets of landscape evolution
Authors: Jain Mayank 
Published: July 2024

Unravelling Earth’s story: how crystals reveal the secrets of landscape evolution
LUMIN aims to revolutionise research by developing a comprehensive model of luminescence in feldspar, the most common mineral in Earth’s crust. The project will examine electron behaviour in defects in feldspar lattice using cutting-edge imaging and simulations and use the results of these investigations to develop a unified model of luminescence. This model will enable the accurate measurement of erosion and transport rates on unprecedented spatial and temporal scales, providing vital insights for landscape evolution studies, geohazard prediction and land use management.
SISTEM MAINTENANCE WORM HIGH PRESSURED SCREW PADA “MUAR BAN LEE” MODEL : EK -300 - K PALM KERNEL EXTRACTOR MACHINE
Authors: Saut Manjadi Purba Berkat , Attuttaqwa Gufron Zaidan , Jaya Saputra Andhyka , Romadhoni Wafiudin , Alexander Romeo Napitulu Yohanes , Devis Arifin Chistoforus , Paundra Fajar 
Published: July 2024

Palm Kernel Extractor Machine adalah suatu alat yang dirancang untuk memproduksi minyak dari inti sawit hasil ekstraksi . Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisa sistem pada “muar ban lee” model : ek -300 - k palm kernel extractor machine . Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, perawatan Palm Kernel Extractor Machine dilakukan secara berkala melalui preventive maintenance dengan jenis tambahan perawatan yaitu Periodic Maintenace, Shutdown Maintenance, dan Breakdown Maintenace.untuk memastikan alat dapat bekerja dengan baik terutama pada bagian Worm High Pressured Screw pada mesin. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya sampling oil dan filter cut tidak adanya partikel yang berbahaya.
Current clinical considerations of the use of guided bone regeneration for dental implants through the use of CAD-CAM systems: a systematic review
Authors: Reveroni Beatriz Teixeira , Maia Izabella Caroline Souza , Freitas Bruna Mariana De , Tessarin Gestter Willian Lattari 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: It is estimated that up to 40% of osseointegrated implants require guided bone regeneration (GBR) as part of the patient's rehabilitation. Bone loss or insufficiency presents a major challenge for osseointegration. In this sense, the use of CAD-CAM systems (Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing) is highlighted in this process. Objective: It elucidated the current clinical considerations of the use of guided bone regeneration for dental implants through the use of CAD-CAM systems. Methods: The PRISMA Platform systematic review rules were followed. The search was carried out from February to April 2024 in the Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: 118 articles were found, 30 articles were evaluated in full and 12 were included and developed in the present systematic review study. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 20 studies with a high risk of bias and 31 studies that did not meet GRADE and AMSTAR-2. Most studies did not show homogeneity in their results, with X2=79.5%>50%. Guided bone regeneration is well documented and constitutes a predictable and successful approach to lateral and vertical bone augmentation of atrophic ridges. Thus, guided bone regeneration is considered one of the most commonly applied methods to reconstruct alveolar bone and to treat peri-implant bone deficiencies, as well as to replace lost bone and allow the implant to be fully integrated and maintained during functional loading. The use of digital tools for the automated fabrication of implant parts (CAD-CAM) is an optimizing reality in Dentistry. CAD-CAM enables highquality, standardized, accurate, and detail-perfect prosthetic restorations. The use of metallic implants in the morse cone system in association with zirconia abutments guarantees a final product with mechanical resistance, biocompatibility, and aesthetics. Also, immunomodulatory guided bone regeneration membranes are developed mainly by improving macrophage recruitment and aggregation as well as regulating macrophage polarization.
BREAST CANCER SURGERY UNDER GENERAL ANAESTHESIA IN AN NONAGENRIAN MALE WITH A PACEMAKER
Authors: Dimoko Alexander 
Published: July 2024

Worldwide, breast cancer is the most common cancer. Male breast cancer (MBC) in men is still an uncommon and largely understudied disease. This disease makes up <1% of breast cancers in humans. In both males and females, breast cancer has been associated with high mortality rates. More than 80% of patients diagnosed with breast cancer will undergo surgery as part of their treatment and in most cases; surgery is performed under general anaesthesia. However, the coexistence of significant cardiac comorbidities further complicates the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of breast cancer in the elderly.

This case report describes the presentation, diagnostic journey, and the anaesthetic and surgical management of breast cancer in a 92-year-old male with a significant cardiac morbidity that impacts with the quality of life of the patient. The report also highlights the challenges associated with the intraoperative anaesthetic and postoperative pain management of the patient. It emphasizes the importance of multispecialty collaboration and the development of adjuvant treatments which are tailor made for the patient.
Het rariteitenkabinet dat beleid heet
Authors: Bröring H.E. 
Published: July 2024

Het rariteitenkabinet dat beleid heet. Ontwikkelingen rond niet-wettelijke regels in een fluïde bestuursrecht
In deze bijdrage wordt de juridische stand van zaken van de verschillende typen niet-wettelijke regels (beleidsvormen) in het bestuursrecht en hun onderlinge verhouding opgemaakt. Ook al beogen de verschillende typen regels bij te dragen aan hetzelfde, namelijk gelijke behandeling, rechtszekerheid en evenredigheid, het totaalplaatje getuigt niet van grote eenvoud. Bovendien erodeert de grens tussen beleidsregels en lagere wetgeving. Inzicht in de verschillende typen regels en hun onderlinge verhouding kan regelopstellers helpen om de consequenties voor de uitvoering en rechterlijke toetsing van hun keuze voor deze of gene soort regels te overzien.