bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Bi2O3 on prepared nano (SiO2-Na2O-CaO-B2O3) glass as radiation shielding material
Authors: Doma A. S. , Abbas Mahmoud I. , Kashyout Abd El Hady B. , Mahdy Ebrahim A. , Ghafeir Eman A. , Dib Mirvat Fawzi , Abdellatif Hala , El-Khatib Ahmed M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMelt quenching technique was used to create Bismuth Boro-Silicate nano glasses with compositions of 45SiO2-10CaO- 25Na2O- xBi2O3- (20-x) B2O3 (where x is 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mol %). Standard point sources AM-241, Ba-133, Co-60, Cs-137, and Eu-152 were used in the radiation experiment to evaluate the attenuation coefficients spanning the energy range of 59.51 keV to 1048.01 keV. The findings show that adding Bi2O3 in place of B2O3 increases the following: radiation protection efficiency (RPE%), transmission factor (TF%), absorption buildup factor values (ABF), exposure buildup factor values (EBF), mass attenuation coefficients (MACs), linear attenuation coefficients (LACs), and radiation protection efficiency (RPE%). In comparison to lead glass, these findings demonstrate the potential of nano Bismuth Boro-Silicate glass as a radiation shielding material.
The superiority of innovative spiral-interdigital microelectrode pattern in increasing the sensitivity of tracing synchronization via serum starvation in cellular metabolism
Authors: Bourbour Faegheh , Abdolahad Mohammad , Alast Fatemeh Hosseini , Aslan Sefat Sogol 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn order to investigate the changes in the properties of the cell culture solution in the effect of cell synchronization via cell starvation (for 12, 24, and 36 h), a new spiral-interdigital pattern of microelectrode as a biosensor has been proposed. Then, to test its superiority, the results of this spiral-interdigital pattern with the results of the commercial pattern have been compared. The cells were selected from breast cancer standard lines (MDA-MB-231). Changes in CV peaks of the secretions were recorded by the spiral-interdigital pattern, in which increasing the interactive surface with homogenous electric paths had been considered by simulation before fabrication. The results of the simulation and experimental procedures showed a meaningful correlation. The occurrence of CV oxidative peaks at about 0.1–0.4 V and reductive peaks at approximately 0 V in the spiral-interdigital biosensor in the starved MDA-MB-231 cell line has been observed. The starvation situation resembles one that does not cause meaningful cell apoptosis or necrosis, and this method is only used to make the cells synchronized. Also, no peak is observed in normal cell growth conditions. In addition, by using the commercial design of the electrodes, no peak is observed in any of the conditions of normal and synchronized growth of the cells. Therefore, it seems that the observed peaks are caused by the agents that are secreted in the cell culture solution in a synchronized situation. Moreover, the design of the new spiral-interdigital electrode can significantly increase the sensitivity of the sensor to receive these peaks due to more space and a uniform electric field.
Effects of dietary fish to rapeseed oil ratio on steatosis symptoms in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) of different sizes
Authors: Siciliani D. , Hubin A. , Ruyter B. , Chikwati E. M. , Thunes V. G. , Valen E. C. , Hansen A. K. G. , Hanssen H. , Kortner T. M. , Krogdahl Å. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCholine is recognized as an essential nutrient for Atlantic salmon at all developmental stages. However, its dietary requirement is not well defined. Choline plays a critical role in lipid transport, and the clearest deficiency sign is intestinal steatosis. The present work, aiming to find whether lipid source and fish size may affect steatosis symptoms, was one of a series of studies conducted to identify which production-related conditions may influence choline requirement. Six choline-deficient diets were formulated varying in ratios of rapeseed oil to fish oil and fed to Atlantic salmon of 1.5 and 4.5 kg. After eight weeks, somatic characteristics were observed, and the severity of intestinal steatosis was assessed by histological, biochemical, and molecular analyses. Fatty acid composition in pyloric intestine, mesenteric tissue, and liver samples was also quantified. The increasing rapeseed oil level increased lipid digestibility markedly, enhancing lipid supply to the fish. Moreover, small fish consumed more feed, and consequently had a higher lipid intake. In conclusion, the results showed that choline requirement depends on dietary lipid load, which depends on the fatty acid profile as well as the fish size.
Hydrostatic pressure drives sprouting angiogenesis via adherens junction remodelling and YAP signalling
Authors: Al-Nuaimi Dunja Alexandra , Rütsche Dominic , Abukar Asra , Hiebert Paul , Zanetti Dominik , Cesarovic Nikola , Falk Volkmar , Werner Sabine , Mazza Edoardo , Giampietro Costanza 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEndothelial cell physiology is governed by its unique microenvironment at the interface between blood and tissue. A major contributor to the endothelial biophysical environment is blood hydrostatic pressure, which in mechanical terms applies isotropic compressive stress on the cells. While other mechanical factors, such as shear stress and circumferential stretch, have been extensively studied, little is known about the role of hydrostatic pressure in the regulation of endothelial cell behavior. Here we show that hydrostatic pressure triggers partial and transient endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in endothelial monolayers of different vascular beds. Values mimicking microvascular pressure environments promote proliferative and migratory behavior and impair barrier properties that are characteristic of a mesenchymal transition, resulting in increased sprouting angiogenesis in 3D organotypic model systems ex vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, this response is linked to differential cadherin expression at the adherens junctions, and to an increased YAP expression, nuclear localization, and transcriptional activity. Inhibition of YAP transcriptional activity prevents pressure-induced sprouting angiogenesis. Together, this work establishes hydrostatic pressure as a key modulator of endothelial homeostasis and as a crucial component of the endothelial mechanical niche.
Transfer learning relaxation, electronic structure and continuum model for twisted bilayer MoTe2
Authors: Mao Ning , Xu Cheng , Li Jiangxu , Bao Ting , Liu Peitao , Xu Yong , Felser Claudia , Fu Liang , Zhang Yang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLarge-scale moiré systems are extraordinarily sensitive, with even minute atomic shifts leading to significant changes in electronic structures. Here, we investigate the lattice relaxation effect on moiré band structures in twisted bilayer MoTe2 with two approaches: (a) large-scale plane-wave basis first principle calculation down to 2.88°, (b) transfer learning structure relaxation + local-basis first principles calculation down to 1.1°. We use two types of van der Waals corrections: the D2 method of Grimme and the density-dependent energy correction, and find that the density-dependent energy correction yields a continuous evolution of bandwidth with twist angles. Based on the above results. we develop a complete continuum model with a single set of parameters for a wide range of twist angles, and perform many-body simulations at ν = −1, −2/3, −1/3.
Long-period energy releases during a C2.8 flare
Authors: Li Dong , Li Jianping , Shen Jinhua , Song Qiwu , Ji Haisheng , Ning Zongjun 
Published: August 2024

Context. The study of quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs) is a key diagnostic of intermittent or periodic energy releases during solar flares.
Aims. We investigated the intermittent energy-releasing processes by analyzing the long-period pulsations during a C2.8 flare on 2023 June 3.
Methods. The solar flare was simultaneously observed by the solar X-ray detector on board the Macau Science Satellite-1B, the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite, the Chinese Hα Solar Explorer, the Expanded Owens Valley Solar Array, the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly, and the Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment for the Solar Dynamics Observatory.
Results. The C2.8 flare shows three successive and repetitive pulsations in soft X-ray (SXR) and high-temperature extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emissions, which may imply three episodes of energy releases during the solar flare. The QPP period is estimated to be as long as ∼7.5 minutes. EUV imaging observations suggest that these three pulsations come from the same flare area dominated by the hot loop system. Conversely, the flare radiation in wavelengths of radio/microwave, low-temperature EUV, ultraviolet (UV), and Hα only reveals the first pulsation, which may be associated with nonthermal electrons accelerated by magnetic reconnection. The other two pulsations in wavelengths of SXR and high-temperature EUV might be caused by the loop-loop interaction.
Conclusions. Our observations indicate that the three episodes of energy releases during the C2.8 flare are triggered by different mechanisms, namely the accelerated electron via magnetic reconnection, and the loop-loop interaction in a complicated magnetic configuration.
Marginalised or missed? The curious case of influential autistic self-advocates in England: introducing the 3i instrument
Authors: Precious Kate 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article argues that the social policy influence of marginalised groups is at risk of being underestimated, in the scholarship, policy communities and wider society. It proposes the 3i instrument: a new, triangulated approach to measuring influence with a broader set of indicators than usually attempted. These indicators, which are designed to include influence in its early stages, are explored through a case study of autistic self-advocates in England. Surprisingly, the results show not just that autistic self-advocates but, through them, the wider autistic community, have more policy influence than they or others expect, but that influence is also being missed in its later stages, indicating that researcher bias may also be a complicating factor. While a single case of ‘missed’ influence is not sufficient to generalise to other contexts and groups, this research opens the door to a wider methodological discussion and reflexivity on the part of researchers.
Threading between Scylla and Charybdis: developing a framework for arbitrating investor-state tax disputes
Authors: Bhukya Kanishka 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Tax disputes have traditionally been considered non-arbitrable, but the rise of investment treaties allowing investors to bring arbitration claims against states has raised difficult questions about reconciling fiscal sovereignty with investor rights. In that context, this article tackles the complex issue of determining when investor-state tax disputes can be appropriately arbitrated without impinging on state prerogatives. It builds on the nascent distinction made in Cairn v India between non-arbitrable ‘pure tax disputes’ and treaty-based ‘tax-related investment disputes’ alleging unfair tax treatment. The article explains why the consent-based nature of investment arbitration renders the latter category of disputes arbitrable, before developing a multi-faceted framework to guide arbitral tribunals in exercising jurisdiction despite sovereignty objections. Grounded in treaty interpretation, tax policy space, and proportionality analysis, this principled approach carefully balances states’ regulatory autonomy in tax matters with investment disciplines they voluntarily assumed. Overall, by resolving tensions between sovereign prerogatives and investor rights, the proposed structured framework charts a sovereignty-respecting course for arbitrating tax-related investment disputes.
The utility of interleukin-23 intraclass switching in the treatment of plaque psoriasis: a retrospective review of 43 cases
Authors: Hren M Grace , Miriyala Sreekar , Khattri Saakshi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-23 inhibitors are a class of injectable biologics, which include risankizumab, tildrakizumab and guselkumab, used for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis. This retrospective review sought to determine the value of IL-23 inhibitor intraclass switching among patients with psoriasis after they experienced loss of efficacy to any IL-23 inhibitor. We conducted a retrospective chart review, including 43 patients who underwent any of 6 potential iterations of IL-23 intraclass switching between November 2017 and November 2023. Most commonly, patients switched from guselkumab or tildrakizumab to risankizumab (84%). On average, patients failed 2.3 biologic treatments (SD 1.3) prior to switching. Postswitching, 81% of patients achieved an affected body surface area (BSA) &lt; 1% after 248.8 days (SD 126.5). BSA immediately prior to intraclass switch was 13.1 (SD 8.9) [95% confidence interval (CI) 10.4–15.8] and at most recent follow-up was 2.9 (SD 5.2) (95% CI 2.3–5.5). This research adds to a growing body of literature demonstrating the potential of IL-23 intraclass switching in the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.
‘Mankind Dame’: John Studley’s early modern Clytemnestra
Authors: Spinelli Elena 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
John Studley’s Agamemnon (1566) explores women’s rule and how it can combine feminine and masculine elements to achieve and maintain political power. To do so, Studley employs the character of Clytemnestra, who simultaneously retains elements of her previous dramatic versions and is shaped to resonate with early modern English audiences. This process is twofold, taking into consideration linguistic and character traits. Clytemnestra’s language is expanded from the Latin through masculine-coded tropes characteristic of vernacular lyric. Moreover, she possesses traits traditionally considered masculine (martial courage, determination, bold speech and skill in weaponry). In Studley’s Clytemnestra, then, endurance and action combined create a gender hybridity in speech and behaviour. In turn, her portrayal resonates with discourses surrounding early modern women rulers, from Elizabeth Tudor to Mary Stuart. Ultimately, Agamemnon reshapes the treacherous queen of Mycenae to function as a commentary on how a woman in power could appear, speak and behave.
The cost-effectiveness of semaglutide in reducing cardiovascular risk among people with overweight and obesity and existing cardiovascular disease, but without diabetes
Authors: Zomer Ella , Zhou Jennifer , Nelson Adam J , Sumithran Priya , Nanayakkara Shane , Ball Jocasta , Kaye David , Liew Danny , Nicholls Stephen J , Stub Dion , Zoungas Sophia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background and aims
The Semaglutide Effects on Cardiovascular Outcomes in People with Overweight or Obesity (SELECT) trial demonstrated significant reductions in cardiovascular outcomes in people with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and overweight or obesity (but without diabetes). However, the cost of the medication has raised concerns about its financial viability and accessibility within healthcare systems. This study explored whether the use of semaglutide for the secondary prevention of CVD in overweight or obesity is cost-effective from the Australian healthcare perspective.

Methods and results
A Markov model was developed based on the SELECT trial to model the clinical outcomes and costs of a hypothetical population treated with semaglutide vs. placebo, in addition to standard care, and followed up over 20 years. With each annual cycle, subjects were at risk of having non-fatal CVD events or dying. Model inputs were derived from SELECT and published literature. Costs were obtained from Australian sources. All outcomes were discounted by 5% annually. The main outcome of interest was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) in terms of cost per year of life saved (YoLS) and cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. With an annual estimated cost of semaglutide of A$4175, the model resulted in ICERs of A$99 853 (US$143 504; £40 873) per YoLS and A$96 055 (US$138 046; £39 318) per QALY gained.

Conclusion
Assuming a willingness-to-pay threshold of A$50 000, semaglutide is not considered cost-effective at the current price. A price of ≤A$2000 per year or more targeted use in high-risk patients would be needed for it to be considered cost-effective in the Australian setting.
Lifestyle, Cognitive, and Psychological Factors Associated With a Resilience Phenotype in Aging: A Multidimensional Approach on a Population-Based Sample of Oldest-Old (80+)
Authors: Rolandi Elena , Rossi Michele , Colombo Mauro , Pettinato Laura , Del Signore Federica , Aglieri Virginia , Bottini Gabriella , Guaita Antonio 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the determinants of resilience phenotype in aging, operationalized as the maintenance of cognitive, physical, and psychological health in very old individuals (80+), we investigated the structure and interrelated impact of the main resilience-enhancing factors, which are usually studied in separate research fields.

Methods
Participants were older adults without dementia recruited for the fifth wave of the InveCe.Ab population-based cohort study (aged 83–87 years). Multidimensional evaluation comprised blood sampling, social and lifestyle survey, and geriatric and neuropsychological assessment. We classified resilient individuals as displaying normal cognition, functional independence, and mental health. First, we performed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to examine the underlying structure of the relevant cognitive, lifestyle, physical, and psychological resilience-enhancing factors. The factors obtained were included as predictors of the resilience phenotype in the logistic regression model, controlling for sociodemographic and cumulative exposure to physical and psychosocial stressors, including COVID-19 infection.

Results
Among the 404 enrolled participants, 153 (38%) exhibited the resilience phenotype. EFA resulted in the identification of six factors (59% of variance): cognitive reserve, affective reserve, insecure attachment, current lifestyle, physical reserve, and avoidant attachment. Among these factors, cognitive reserve, affective reserve, and current lifestyle significantly and independently predicted resilience status, controlling for cumulative exposure to age-related stressors and COVID-19 infection.

Discussion
Our findings showed that, even in very old age, both early and late life modifiable factors affect individuals’ ability to adapt to the aging process, thus confirming the importance of a life-course approach to improve health outcomes in the aged population.

Clinical Trials Registration Number
NCT01345110
Topic Clusters of Successful Aging Studies: Results of a Topic Modeling Approach
Authors: Kim Ha-Neul , Freddolino Paul P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Literature regarding successful aging reflects a wide variety of fields and perspectives. Given the range of definitions and approaches found in published literature, it is important to investigate clusters of topics studied over time. This study aimed to show the change of topic clusters within successful aging studies.

Research Design and Methods
The study used topic modeling methodology to analyze vast amounts of abstract data. Among publications collected from Scopus (4,458) and Web of Science (5,187), 5,610 publications were analyzed. Topic clusters were analyzed in 2 ways: by (a) division of time (1960s–1990s, 2000s, 2010s, 2020s) and (b) all years combined.

Results
In the 1960s–1990s, 11 topic clusters ranging from health to emotional well-being emerged without any dominant domain. In the 2000s, 2 clusters related to social support and health appeared as major clusters. In the 2010s, 1 topic cluster that included words related to health and social participation was the biggest. In the 2020s, emotional health and social participation appeared again as one of the major clusters and health-related topics started to diverge into subgroups like physical health and mental health. In all years of publications combined, the major cluster involved words that are related to either health or social domains.

Discussion and Implications
Results revealed that successful aging has been studied in many fields using multidimensional perspectives. The dominant categories were health and social domains. These findings suggest interprofessional practice, an interdisciplinary approach in research, and multisector involvement in policy.
O-glycosylation of IgA1 and the pathogenesis of an autoimmune disease IgA nephropathy
Authors: Novak Jan , King R Glenn , Yother Janet , Renfrow Matthew B , Green Todd J 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
IgA nephropathy is a kidney disease characterized by deposition of immune complexes containing abnormally O-glycosylated IgA1 in the glomeruli. Specifically, some O-glycans are missing galactose that is normally β1,3-linked to N-acetylgalactosamine of the core 1 glycans. These galactose-deficient IgA1 glycoforms are produced by IgA1-secreting cells due to a dysregulated expression and activity of several glycosyltransferases. Galactose-deficient IgA1 in the circulation of patients with IgA nephropathy is bound by IgG autoantibodies and the resultant immune complexes can contain additional proteins, such as complement C3. These complexes, if not removed from the circulation, can enter the glomerular mesangium, activate the resident mesangial cells, and induce glomerular injury. In this review, we briefly summarize clinical and pathological features of IgA nephropathy, review normal and aberrant IgA1 O-glycosylation pathways, and discuss the origins and potential significance of natural anti-glycan antibodies, namely those recognizing N-acetylgalactosamine. We also discuss the features of autoantibodies specific for galactose-deficient IgA1 and the characteristics of pathogenic immune complexes containing IgA1 and IgG. In IgA nephropathy, kidneys are injured by IgA1-containing immune complexes as innocent bystanders. Most patients with IgA nephropathy progress to kidney failure and require dialysis or transplantation. Moreover, most patients after transplantation experience a recurrent disease. Thus, a better understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms is needed to develop new disease-specific treatments.