bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment Outcomes of Overweight Children and Parents in the Medical Home
Authors: Quattrin Teresa , Roemmich James N. , Paluch Rocco , Yu Jihnhee , Epstein Leonard H. , Ecker Michelle A. 
Published: July 2014

OBJECTIVE:
To test in the primary care setting the short- and long-term efficacy of a behavioral intervention that simultaneously targeted an overweight child and parent versus an information control (IC) targeting weight control only in the child.

METHODS:
Two- to 5-year-old children who had BMI ≥85th percentile and an overweight parent (BMI &gt;25 kg/m2) were randomized to Intervention or IC, both receiving diet and activity education over 12 months (13 sessions) followed by 12-month follow-up (3 sessions). Parents in the Intervention group were also targeted for weight control and received behavioral intervention. Pediatricians in 4 practices enrolled their patients with the assistance of embedded recruiters (Practice Enhancement Assistants) who assisted with treatment too.

RESULTS:
A total of 96 of the 105 children randomized (Intervention n = 46; IC n = 50) started the program and had data at baseline. Children in the Intervention experienced greater reductions in percent over BMI (group × months; P = .002) and z-BMI (group × months; P &lt; 0.001) compared with IC throughout treatment and follow-up. Greater BMI reduction was observed over time for parents in the Intervention compared with IC (P &lt; .001) throughout treatment and follow-up. Child weight changes were correlated with parent weight changes at 12 and 24 months (r = 0.38 and 0.26; P &lt; .001 and P = .03).

CONCLUSIONS:
Concurrently targeting preschool-aged overweight and obese youth and their parents in primary care with behavioral intervention results in greater decreases in child percent over BMI, z-BMI, and parent BMI compared with IC. The difference between Intervention and IC persists after 12 months of follow-up.
Maternal Obesity in Pregnancy, Gestational Weight Gain, and Risk of Childhood Asthma
Authors: Forno Erick , Young Omar M. , Kumar Rajesh , Simhan Hyagriv , Celedón Juan C. 
Published: July 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Environmental or lifestyle exposures in utero may influence the development of childhood asthma. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to assess whether maternal obesity in pregnancy (MOP) or increased maternal gestational weight gain (GWG) increased the risk of asthma in offspring.

METHODS:
We included all observational studies published until October 2013 in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, The Cochrane Database, and Ovid. Random effects models with inverse variance weights were used to calculate pooled risk estimates.

RESULTS:
Fourteen studies were included (N = 108 321 mother–child pairs). Twelve studies reported maternal obesity, and 5 reported GWG. Age of children was 14 months to 16 years. MOP was associated with higher odds of asthma or wheeze ever (OR = 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16–1.49) or current (OR = 1.21; 95% CI, 1.07–1.37); each 1-kg/m2 increase in maternal BMI was associated with a 2% to 3% increase in the odds of childhood asthma. High GWG was associated with higher odds of asthma or wheeze ever (OR = 1.16; 95% CI, 1.001–1.34). Maternal underweight and low GWG were not associated with childhood asthma or wheeze. Meta-regression showed a negative association of borderline significance for maternal asthma history (P = .07). The significant heterogeneity among existing studies indicates a need for standardized approaches to future studies on the topic.

CONCLUSIONS:
MOP and high GWG are associated with an elevated risk of childhood asthma; this finding may be particularly significant for mothers without asthma history. Prospective randomized trials of maternal weight management are needed.
Cyanide Removal from Industrial Wastewater by Cross‐Flow Nanofiltration: Transport Modeling and Economic Evaluation
Authors: Pal Parimal , Bhakta Pamela , Kumar Ramesh 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT: A modeling and simulation study, along with an economic analysis, was carried out for the separation of cyanide from industrial wastewater using a flat sheet cross‐flow nanofiltration membrane module. With the addition of a pre‐microfiltration step, nanofiltration was carried out using real coke wastewater under different operating conditions. Under the optimum operating pressure of 13 bars and a pH of 10.0, a rate of more than 95% separation of cyanide was achieved. That model predictions agreed very well with the experimental findings, as is evident in the Willmott d‐index value (>0.95) and relative error (<0.1). Studies were carried out with industrial wastewater instead of a synthetic solution, and an economic analysis was also done, considering the capacity of a running coking plant. The findings are likely to be very useful in the scale‐up and design of industrial plants for the treatment of cyanide‐bearing wastewater.
The Effect of Nonprofit Governance on Donations: Evidence from the Revised Form 990
Authors: Harris Erica , Petrovits Christine M. , Yetman Michelle H. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT
We examine whether donors reward nonprofit organizations that report better governance. From a sample of 10,846 organizations from 2008 to 2010, we first identify seven nonprofit governance dimensions using factor analysis. We then test whether the quality of governance influences donor decisions by including the seven governance factors in the standard donor's demand model. We find consistent evidence that donations and government grants are positively associated with six of the seven factors that capture good governance, including formal written policies (e.g., conflict of interest), independent audits and audit committees, review and approval of executive compensation, board oversight (e.g., board independence), management characteristics (e.g., no related parties), and accessible financial information. Our results have implications for nonprofit managers and regulators. Moreover, mandatory disclosure of governance policies for nonprofit organizations provides an interesting contrast to mandatory adoption of governance policies for publicly traded companies.
JEL Classifications: G18; G38; H39; L30; L31; L38; M40; M41; M42; M48.
Data Availability: All data are publicly available.
The Look AHEAD Trial: Bone Loss at 4-Year Follow-up in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Lipkin Edward W. , Schwartz Ann V. , Anderson Andrea M. , Davis Cralen , Johnson Karen C. , Gregg Edward W. , Bray George A. , Berkowitz Robert , Peters Anne L. , Hodges Amelia , Lewis Cora , Kahn Steven E. ,   the Look AHEAD Research Group
Published: July 2014

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) designed to sustain weight loss and improve physical fitness in overweight or obese persons with type 2 diabetes was associated with bone loss after 4 years of follow-up.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This randomized controlled trial of intensive weight loss compared an ILI with a diabetes support and education (DSE) group among 1,309 overweight or obese subjects. Bone mineral density was assessed at baseline and after 1 year and 4 years of intervention.

RESULTS
ILI was effective in producing significant weight loss (5.3% vs. 1.8% in ILI and DSE, respectively; P &lt; 0.01) and increased fitness (6.4% vs. −0.8%) at year 4. In men, ILI participants had a greater rate of bone loss during the first year (−1.66% vs. −0.09% per year in ILI and DSE, respectively). Differences between groups were diminished by one-half after 4 years (−0.88% vs. −0.05% per year in ILI and DSE, respectively) but remained significant (P &lt; 0.01). The difference in rate of hip bone loss between groups over 4 years was related to increased weight loss in ILI. Among women, the rate of bone loss did not differ between ILI and DSE after 4 years.

CONCLUSIONS
A 4-year weight loss intervention was significantly associated with a modest increase in bone loss at the hip in men but not in women.
Influence of type of precursors on the sol-gel synthesis of the LaCoO3 nanoparticles
Authors: Cornei Nicoleta , Feraru Simona , Bulimestru Ion , Sandu Andrei Victor , Mita Carmen 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Perovskite-type LaCoO3 was prepared by sol-gel method using nitrates / chlorides as precursors and citric acid as chelating agent. Chemical composition was obtained by means of EDX method. The structures of sintered samples were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), IR and XRD analysis. The results of X-ray diffraction indicated that the LaCoO3nanopowders obtained using nitrate as precursors had a rhombohedral perovskite-type crystal structure (S. G: R-3c), while that obtained using chloride as precursors had a mixture of LaCoO3, LaOCl and Co3O4. The all lanthanum cobaltites exhibit catalytic activity on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, ascribed to their higher surface and Co3+ concentration
Problem solving - an interactive active method for teaching the thermokinetic concept
Authors: Odochian Lucia , Moldoveanu Costel , Iancu Lorela , Baiceanu Adriana , Cozma Danut Gabriel 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The paper describes a strategy that uses problem solving to teach the thermokinetic concept, based on student’s previously established proficiency in thermochemistry and kinetics. Chemistry teachers often use this method because it ensures easy achievement of both formative and informative science skills. This teaching strategy is tailored for students that prove special intellectual resources, Olympiad participants and to those who find chemistry a potential professional route
Generalized Sequence Spaces in 2-Normed Spaces Defined by Ideal and a Modulus Function
Authors: Kumar Sudhir , Kumar Vijay , Bhatia S.S. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to define some new kind of generalized convergent sequence spaces with respect to a modulus function, and difference operator Δm, m ≥ 1 in a 2-normed space. We also examine some topological properties of the resulting sequence spaces. Finally, we have introduced a new class of generalized convergent sequences with the help of an ideal and difference sequences in the same space.
Irish English Stereotypes
Authors: Furkó Bálint Péter 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to examine common Irish English stereotypes in cinematographic representations of Irish English with special reference to pragmatic features and sociopragmatic norms. After giving an overview of some of the ways in which the concepts of ‘stereotype’ and ‘stereotyping’ are defined and used in sociolinguistics and sociopragmatics, selected features of the Irish English pragmalect (the use of pragmatic markers, the performance of speech acts such as requests, compliment responses and thanks minimizers) will be discussed and contrasted with the (highly stereotypical) representation of Irish English in the films Intermission and The Guard.
Non-Hellenic Peoples in the Epic Poems of Homer
Authors: Lehrer Nándor 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Homer’s epic poems represent their contemporary world. These epics give detailed descriptions about the peoples and cultures living in the Mediterranean area. Several ethnic groups appear in the epics, whose home lay far away from the Greek homeland, in the Balkans. The Odyssey may be regarded as the most valuable source of the two epics from a geographical point of view. For instance, this is the first written source of the Kimmers, even if there are only a few verses about them. During his journeys, Ulysses was able to reach several territories, which were less well known in the age of Homer. This is the reason why we have only a less detailed picture of these peoples, and why our knowledge of these cultures, ethnic groups and civilizations is so fragmentary. In my paper I try to figure out how the author described these peoples, what kind of attributes he employed in their description, and how we could interpret this information. Applying all these we could be able to examine the Greek attitude toward foreigners in the 8th century B.C.
The Discovery of Alsatian Space in the Regionalist Art Historiography of the First Half of the 20th Century
Authors: Trifescu Valentin 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Our paper tries to analyse the way in which the regional identity of art historiography in Alsace came into being in the 20th century. Similarly to Transylvania, Alsace represented a highly disputed territory, being claimed by two hostile nations. We shall focus upon the regionalist point of view, which used to be overshadowed by the official nationalist discourse of the centres, Paris and Berlin. We shall examine the way in which a regional identity was invented through works of art. Regionalist art historians did no longer speak of the existence of French or German art in Alsace, but of the existence of an Alsatian art individualized within European art. We shall also emphasise the role the genius loci and regional geography played in forging this new identity.
Muscle torque of the hip joint flexors and extensors in physically active and inactive amputees
Authors: Kowal Mateusz , Rutkowska-Kucharska Alicja 
Published: July 2014

Summary
Study aim: The aim of this study was to assess proportion and symmetry between torque in muscles that affect the hip joint in the non-amputated and the amputated limb in persons both engaged in and not engaged in sports.

Material and methods: Study participants comprised 12 persons with above-knee leg amputation. The group of participants was divided into two subgroups: persons engaged in sports and physically inactive persons.
The strength and the speed capacity of hip joint flexors and hip joint extensors were measured using a Biodex System 4 dynamometer. The measurement was conducted at two angular velocities (60°/s and 120°/s) and during isometric activity of the non-amputated and the amputated limb.

Results: Maximal torque of hip joint flexors in the amputated limb of physically active persons constituted 65.3% of the corresponding value in persons without amputation and was higher than in physically inactive persons (55.9%). Similar values were obtained for extensors. The time to reach maximal muscle torque in the amputated limb during the extension of the hip joint at 60°/s equalled 400 ms in physically active persons and 900 ms in physically inactive persons and during flexion, equalled 400 ms and 600 ms, respectively.

Conclusions: Physically active persons showed greater dynamics in generating maximal muscle torque, especially during the extension of the hip joint. Physical activity benefits the strength and speed capacity of muscles that affect the hip joint in persons with above-knee amputation, thus decreasing asymmetry and disproportion between limbs.
Lab-Scale Investigations During Combustion of Agricultural Residues and Selected Polish Coals
Authors: Kordylewski Włodzimierz K. , Mościcki Krzysztof J. , Witkowski Karol J. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Preliminary lab-scale investigations were conducted on slagging abatement in biomass-firing by fuel mixing. Three agriculture biomass fuels and olive cake were used in the experiments. Polish lignites and bituminous coals were examined as anti-sintering additives. The effects of chlorine release, potassium retention and ash sintering were examined by heating samples of biomass fuels and additives in the muffle oven and, next, firing them in the laboratory down-fired furnace at the temperature in the range of 800-1150ºC. The obtained slag samples were analysed on: chlorine and potassium content, sintering tendency and crystalline components. Among the examined coals lignite from Turów mine and bituminous coal from Bolesław Śmiały mine appeared to be the most effective in potassium retention in aluminosilicate and chlorine release from slag. Possibly the major factor of these coals which reduced ash sintering was relatively high content of kaolinite
The Determination of the Temperature in the Interior of Vending Machines/Zur Temperaturbestimmung in Cigaretten-Verkaufsautomaten
Authors: Dierking E. , Hinrichsen Th. , Jodl R. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The highest temperature in the interior of vending machines measured so far was 55°C. The experiments have shown that the packs of cigarettes are prevented from blocking even under extreme conditions if special cellophane with the quality described is used.
Reliability of Latvian Power System’S 330 KV Substations
Authors: Nepomnyaschiy V. , Gerhards J. , Mahnitko A. , Lomane T. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Substation reliability is always a topical problem. The authors consider the techniques for reliability calculation based on logical-probabilistic approach to the evaluation of electrical substation switchgear schemes and equipment at emergency situations with disconnections of individual elements of the substation equipment or false operation of relay protection and automation devices. Based on the reliability analysis made for the 330kV substations of Latvian Electric Power System, recommendations are given concerning the reconstruction of switchgear schemes for some substations
Morphoecological Peculiarities of Pelvis in Several Genera of Rails with Some notes On systematic Position Of The Coot, Fulica Atra (Rallidae, Gruiformes)
Authors: Bogdanovich I. A. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Morphoecological Peculiarities of Pelvis in Several Genera of Rails with Some Notes on Systematic Position of the Coot, Fulica atra (Rallidae, Gruiformes). Bogdanovich, I. A. - Some features of pelvic and hindlimb morphology of several ecologically different species of rallids are studied. Adaptive significances of these features are revealed. A special attention is paid to the hindlimb skeleton of the Coot (Fulica atra, Linnaeus, 1758), which retained the locomotor universalism despite adaptations to swimming and diving.
Remarks on Correlations and Implications of the Mandibular Structure and Diet in Some Seals (Mammalia, Phocidae)
Authors: Koretsky I.A. , Rahmat S.J. , Peters N. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Remarks on Correlations and Implications of the Mandibular Structure and Diet in Some Seals (Mammalia, Phocidae). Koretsky, I. A., Rahmat, S. J., Peters, N. — The diverse representatives of Recent seals within the three extant subfamilies (Cystophorinae, Phocinae, Monachinae) of the family Phocidae exhibit dietary variations among species, feeding on invertebrates and a diversity of prey depending on the season and availability. To explain this variability, an introductory morphological examination of the mandibular structure of Recent seals from each subfamily was performed, focusing on: heights of the mandibular ramus and condyloid process; measurements of the masseteric fossa; and attachments of muscles of mastication. After measuring the condyloid angles (the inclination of the condyloid process in relation to the axis of the alveolar row) among the examined species, a correlation between the size ofthe angle, function, and diet was recognized. Seals with a tall mandibular ramus and greater condyloid angle (Cystophorinae) feed on larger-sized prey, while seals with a shorter ramus and lesser condyloid angle feed on small (Monachinae) to medium-sized (Phocinae) prey, regardless of the overall size of the seal. This study focused on the mandibular morphology of some living and fossil representatives of Phocidae, providing an association between functional and ecological interpretations of modern seals in general and extrapolating this knowledge for fossil dietary preference.
A New Species of Chyliza (Diptera, Psilidae) from Iran
Authors: Khaghaninia S. , Gharajedaghi Ya. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
A New Species of Chyliza (Diptera, Psilidae) from Iran. Khaghaninia, S., Gharajedaghi, Ya. — Chyliza (Dasyna) qaradaghi from Iran (type locality: Qaradagh Forests (Qala Deresi), East Azerbaijan Province) is described. C. qaradaghi Khaghaninia et Gharajedaghi, sp. n. is similar to Chyliza (Dasyna) extenuata (Rossi, 1790) in having arista thickened in basal third with dense black hairs and lacking anteroventral comb of black spinules on male fore tibia. New species differs from C. extenuata by head yellow, only occiput partly black and hind tibia largely black; C. extenuata has head completely black and hind tibia yellow. Both species differ also by the shape of male genitalia.
Het beeld van Midden- en Oost-Europa in Nederlandse literaire non-fictie
Authors: Sterckx Jo 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Over the last 20 years, literary nonfiction has become increasingly popular among the Dutch reading public. Thanks to increasing sales, translations and literary awards the genre achieved a strong position in Dutch literature. This article analyzes the image of Central and Eastern European countries in Dutch literary nonfiction of the last ten years (2004-14). It searches for characteristics of an orientalist and balkanist discourse and the presence of the imagological centre-periphery model in the works of Geert Mak, Jelle Brandt Corstius, Olaf Koens, Joop Verstraten and Jan Brokken. Contemporary Dutch literary nonfiction contains a euro-orientalist discourse. Characteristics such as underdevelopment, hedonism, obscurity and authenticity are projected on Central and Eastern Europe, which is put in the periphery of Western Europe.
The Impact of General De la Rey’s Death on the Political Situation in South Africa
Authors: Michalska Weronika 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to explain the historical significance of J.H. de la Rey’s death by analyzing the general's political involvement at the beginning of the First World War. The author also examines the outbreak of the Boer Rebellion and De la Rey's attitude towards it. The controversies surrounding the night of September 15, 1914 are discussed after providing a detailed illustration of the events leading up to the shooting the criminal activities of the Foster gang). It also analyzes the influence the general and Niklaas van Rensburg had on the Afrikaner society, which was faced with the option of revolting against the British. International media coverage of the accident is used in order to portray the world's reaction to the incident.
Over Vlaams-Nederlandse woordenboeken
Authors: Prędota Stanisław 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The contemporary Dutch language belongs to European multi-centered languages and has three variations: Dutch of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Dutch in Northern Belgium, and Dutch in Surinam. There are differences among the above variations which mainly regard the pronunciation and lexicon. The Flemish and Surinam variations pose a great challenge, especially for the translators of the Flemish and Surinam literature. Similarly, they pose also a significant theoretical and practical problem for the authors of one and two-language dictionaries of the Dutch language. The contemporary lexicography attempts to register the differences which one can find between the standard of the Dutch language and: its Northern Belgium variation, as well as its Surinam variation. It needs to be noted that lexicographers so far have been paying much attention to lexical differences between Dutch of the Kingdom of the Netherlands and Dutch of the Northern Belgium. In this very paper there are described four printed Flemish-Dutch dictionaries and one online dictionary, we also characterize the Prisma Handwoordenboek Nederlands met onderscheid tussen het Belgisch-Nederlands en Nederlands-Nederlands met medewerking van W. Martin en W. Smedts.