bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma: Comparison of high‐frequency ultrasound and pathology
Authors: Valian Sepideh Keshavarz , Khorasanizadeh Faezeh , Kamyab Kambiz , Nourazar Sadra , Montazeri Sahar , Azizpour Arghavan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundSkin neoplasms, particularly basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), are prevalent forms of skin malignancies. To enhance accurate diagnosis, non‐invasive techniques including high‐frequency ultrasound (HFUS) are crucial. HFUS offers deeper penetration compared to reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), and optical coherence tomography (OCT), making it valuable for examining skin structures. The aim of this study was to investigate and diagnose localized manifestation of BCC and SCC with HFUS and compare it with pathology results in patients referred to Razi Hospital, Tehran, Iran.Method and materialsThis study included patients diagnosed with BCC and SCC, with clinical and pathological confirmation, attending the oncology clinic of Razi Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from 2022 to 2023. Exclusion criteria comprised metastatic and recurrent cases, patients who underwent treatment or surgery, and tumors located in anatomically challenging areas. HFUS with a 20 MHz probe and Doppler ultrasound were employed to examine the skin. Tumors were subsequently excised, fixed in formalin, and sent for pathological assessment. Ultrasound findings were compared with pathology results.ResultsThe study assessed 40 patients, with half diagnosed with SCC and the other half with BCC. The majority of SCC patients were male (80%), while BCC patients were relatively evenly divided between males (65%) and females (35%). The mean age was 59.15 ± 11.9 years for SCC and 63.4 ± 8.9 years for BCC. Cheeks (20%) and lips (35%) were the most common sampling sites for BCC and SCC, respectively. The correlation coefficients for tumor size and depth between ultrasound and pathology were 0.981 and 0.912, respectively, indicating a high level of agreement between the two methods.ConclusionIn BCC patients, there was complete agreement between sonographic loco‐regional extension and pathology findings. However, some discordance (30%) was observed in SCC cases. The study demonstrated a strong correlation between ultrasound and pathology in accurately detecting the depth and extent of the tumor. However, due to the inclusion of only patients with positive pathology, it is not appropriate to evaluate the diagnostic test values and compare them with pathology results. Therefore, it is highly recommended to carry out additional studies with larger sample sizes to further validate these findings.
Association of vitamin D with risk of warts: A retrospective and Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Cao Yuting , Zhou Xiaoying , Yang Huan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical strategy of oral supplementation of Vitamin D (VD) as a preventive and therapeutic measure for warts needs further exploration.MethodsThe clinical data of patients with skin diseases who visited the Children's Hospital affiliated with Chongqing Medical University from February 2018 to June 2024 were collected. The serum VD levels in patients with warts (common warts, flat warts, and plantar warts) and patients with other common skin diseases (atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, alopecia areata, vitiligo, and chronic urticaria) were compared. Two‐sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to investigate potential causal associations between VD and warts.ResultsThe average serum VD level of children with warts was 23.27 ± 7.07 ng/mL, which showed no statistically significant difference compared to children with other common skin diseases. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method analysis indicated a positive causal relationship between VD and warts (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.86, [95% CI: 1.19−2.92], p = 0.007). Sensitivity analysis did not show any indication of horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity. The MR‐PRESSO method did not identify any outliers.ConclusionThe levels of serum VD in children with warts do not significantly decrease compared to children with other common skin conditions. The evidence from the MR analysis indicates a positive causal relationship between VD and warts, suggesting caution in supplementing VD for children with warts who have normal or elevated serum VD levels. Further clinical studies are needed for validation in the future.
Amelioration of salt‐affected soil using combined amendments for synergistic effects: Impacts and management implications
Authors: Nguyen Tung Xuan Tan , Nguyen Binh Thanh , Thai Binh Vu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSaline acid sulphate soils are commonly ameliorated using traditional amendments like lime and cow manure. Biochar, derived from crop residues, is another potential remedy for this type of soil. Their combined use may create synergistic effects, necessitating further investigation. This study aims to assess the combined impacts of biochar with traditional amendments on soil quality, properties and rice yield. A field experiment was established with six treatments: no‐amendment (control), lime, cow manure, biochar, combined lime and biochar, and combined cow manure and biochar with rice (Oryza sativa) planted in four replicates. The study revealed that the effects of these amendments on soil properties were driven by their inherent characteristics and secondary processes, such as neutralization. Combining biochar with lime significantly increased soil pH (6.2), and exchangeable calcium (648.6 cmol(+) kg−1), while reducing exchangeable aluminium (11.83 cmol(+) kg−1) and iron (37.5 cmol(+) kg−1), compared to the control. Meanwhile, combining biochar with cow manure notably enhanced Mehlich‐1 phosphorous (3.4 mg kg−1), organic carbon (4.99%), ammonium (27.0 mg kg−1) and cation exchange capacity (17.2 cmol(+) kg−1). Biochar combined with cow manure exhibited greater synergetic effects on soil quality than when combined with lime. Consequently, these combinations improved the soil quality index, which exhibited a strong correlation with rice yield and biomass when its value was below 0.4. This finding indicates that these combinations exhibit insignificant synergistic effects on rice yield and growth. Further research is needed to elucidate these findings and explore the optimal application rates concerning soil properties for improved management practices.
Topo‐MSJ: Search for groups of POIs with qualitative processing of spatial regions
Authors: Rafael Gabriel Joseph Ramos , Pontes Carlos V. A. M. , de Oliveira Maxwell Guimarães , Pires Carlos Eduardo Santos , Campelo Claudio E. C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo alleviate challenges related to mobility, travel planning, and time management, individuals commonly encounter the necessity of locating points of interest (POIs) that either share the same physical building or are situated within interconnected buildings. However, existing search engines face difficulties in retrieving groups of places based on keywords and topological relations among their respective regions, for instance, when a user wants to find a residential building that is connected to a green area. This is primarily due to their limited consideration of POIs as mere points in space, rather than recognizing the polygonal geometries of their boundaries. In this work, we present a spatial search solution based on textual and topological query parameters for efficiently retrieving groups of POIs whose neighborhoods and boundaries satisfy specific restrictions. To perform this type of search efficiently, we propose the Topo‐MSJ algorithm, building upon the well‐established “Multi‐Star‐Join” (MSJ) algorithm, by including an efficient approach to handle queries with topological requirements. To assess the effectiveness of our solution, we conduct a performance evaluation by comparing the execution time of Topo‐MSJ with equivalent spatial SQL queries. The experimental analysis, performed on real datasets, reveals that Topo‐MSJ exhibits a faster execution time compared with equivalent SQL queries, additionally providing a simplified spatial pattern query notation.
Efficacy and safety of novel freeze‐dried plasma products in a porcine combat casualty model
Authors: Dufour‐Gaume Frédérique , Cardona Vénétia , Bordone Audrey , Montespan Florent , Vest Philippe , Legland Anne‐Margaux , Frescaline Nadira , Prat Nicolas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundHemorrhagic shock is well documented as a leading cause of preventable fatalities among military casualties. During military operations plasma can be transfused while waiting for whole blood. This study was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of two new freeze‐dried plasma formulations in a porcine model of traumatic hemorrhagic shock.Study Design and MethodsIn the face of species‐specific transfusion, transfusible blood products were derived from porcine sources. The efficacy of three lyophilized plasma (LP) formulations was evaluated: lyophilized plasma (LP), concentrated lyophilized plasma (CLP), and platelet‐rich concentrated lyophilized plasma (PCLP). Pigs were subjected to multi‐trauma and hemorrhagic shock. Ninety minutes post‐shock induction, the animals were treated with one of the three lyophilized products. Monitoring included systolic blood pressure and cardiac output. Point‐of‐care and laboratory diagnostic tests were used to assess renal function, real‐time hemostasis (ROTEM), and coagulation. Histological examinations of kidney, lung, and muscle tissues were conducted 4 h after shock induction.ResultsCLP and PCLP significantly improved systolic blood pressure and cardiac output and positively influenced base excess, creatinine, various ROTEM, and coagulation markers compared with standard LP without histologic modification. No adverse effect was associated with the transfusion of any of the plasma products throughout the experimental procedures.ConclusionBoth CLP and PCLP exhibit promising therapeutic potential for managing hemorrhagic shock in scenario where whole blood supplies are limited. However, the distinct physiological and coagulation characteristics of the swine model necessitate further investigation using humanized preclinical models to fully understand their clinical applicability and constraints.
Skin barrier, phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of autosomal recessive ichthyosis in TGM1‐deficient Jack Russell Terriers and response to topical ceramide
Authors: Mauldin Elizabeth , Bradley Charles , Casal Margret , Meyer Jason , Crumrine Debra , Kiener Sarah , Leeb Tosso , Elias Peter M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAutosomal recessive ichthyosis leads to structural or biochemical changes that impair skin barrier function.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo assess (1) the phenotype and genotype in a litter of Jack Russell Terriers with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI), and (2) the defective skin barrier and determine if a topical ceramide can modulate the barrier.AnimalsA healthy dam and litter of Jack Russell Terrier puppies (healthy male, affected male and female), one affected adult Jack Russell Terrier and one unrelated healthy Jack Russell Terrier.Materials and MethodsA severe cornification defect was identified via examination of affected puppies. As the phenotype worsened, the affected puppies received a topical application of ω‐0‐acylceramide for 10 days. Before humane euthanasia, the skin barrier was evaluated via transepidermal water loss (TEWL), corneometry and pH in affected dogs. Genomic testing was performed, and skin samples were analysed by light and electron microscopy.ResultsAffected puppies were homozygous for the 1980 bp LINE‐1 insertion in the TGM1 (transglutaminase 1) gene; the unaffected littermate and the dam were heterozygous carriers. ARCI puppies were underweight and had a severe hyperkeratotic phenotype that impaired mobility. TEWL was markedly higher in affected dogs. The cutaneous pH of affected puppies was higher than the normal littermate. Treatment of the skin with ω‐0‐acylceramide normalised the pH to match the littermate and decreased TEWL. Electron microscopy revealed marked attenuation of the cornified envelope.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceDogs with TGM1‐deficient ARCI have an impaired skin barrier. Topical therapy can partially repair the barrier defect.
Novel treatment of infectious keratitis in canine corneas using ultraviolet C (UV‐C) light
Authors: Turicea Bactelius , Sahoo Dipak K. , Allbaugh Rachel A. , Stinman Chloe C. , Kubai Melissa A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effect of 275 nm wavelength ultraviolet C (UV‐C) light for treatment of bacterial keratitis in canine corneas using an affordable, broadly available modified handheld device.MethodsUV‐C therapy (UVCT) was evaluated in two experiments: in vitro using triplicates of three bacterial genera (Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas spp., and a mix of all species) where the UVCT was performed at a distance of 10, 15, and 20 mm with 1 or 2 doses (4 h apart) for 5, 15, or 30 s; ex vivo model where healthy canine corneal buttons were inoculated superficially and deep (330 μm) with the same bacterial isolates and treated at a 10 mm distance for 15 s with one dose of 22.5 mJ/cm2. Fluorescent marker (STYO9‐PI) was used to label (green = live bacteria, red = dead bacteria), and confocal microscopy was used to image the bacteria.ResultsIn vitro results showed all plates treated with UVCT had 100% bactericidal effect for all isolates with single dose of 15 s at 10 mm distance or two doses, 4 h apart at 15 mm and was ineffective with single dose at 15–20 mm. The ex vivo results confirmed a significant decrease in bacterial load for all isolates on samples inoculated superficially but were inconclusive for intrastromal ones.ConclusionsUVCT confirmed the therapeutic potential for all tested isolates, for both in vitro and ex vivo experiments using a single exposure of 15 s. While safety studies are underway, clinical trials are warranted.
Barriers to Data Analytics for Energy Efficiency in the Maritime Industry
Authors: Jaramillo Jimenez Veronica , Munim Ziaul Haque , Kim Hyungju , Perera Lokukaluge Prasad 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The maritime industry is urged to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve the energy efficiency of ships. A potential and relatively inexpensive solution is to implement data analytics to identify improvement areas to optimize ships' performance and fuel consumption. This study investigates barriers to data analytics for maritime organizations intending to utilize data as a means of operational enhancement. This study used the DELPHI–best worst method hybrid approach to identify and rank the barriers to data analytics for energy efficiency. The results revealed a total of 20 sub-barriers grouped into five main barriers. These barriers fall into two overarching categories: organizational barriers, including cultural, managerial, and economic, and technological barriers, comprising data management and data analysis. This study also highlights the most critical barriers within each category, revealing inadequate data governance, multiple suppliers needed to implement a comprehensive system and contracts, and restrictive clauses as the dominant barriers that hamper data analytics adoption in the maritime domain.
An Integrated Finite Element and adams Modeling Approach for Analyzing Rotor-Bearing Housing Systems
Authors: Shafiee Abbas , Sadeghi Farshid , Wilmer Matthew G. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article introduces a new modeling approach aimed at examining how the performance of a rotor-bearing housing system is influenced by the flexibility of the rotor and support structures. The system is composed of a flexible rotor and rolling element bearings (REBs) positioned within flexible housings. The dynamics of the REBs were simulated using a previously developed adams dynamic bearing model (DBM) using the discrete element method (DEM) in the msc adams environment. To achieve an integrated rotor-bearing housing system model, the adams bearing model was coupled through a set of interface points using component mode synthesis (CMS) for the rotor and housing model. The bearing outer races were discretized into multiple nodes to compute the force and deformation at the bearing housing conformal contact as well as to minimize the computational requirements associated with the conformal contact problems. The integrated model was then utilized to investigate the effects of rotor flexibility in the bearing rotor system and the effect of bearing clearance and housing clearance on bearing dynamics. Previously developed Pressure Mapping Test Rig (PMTR) and Spherical Roller Bearing Test Rig (SRBTR) were used to validate the results and assumptions made in this study. The model developed demonstrated that the flexibility of the rotor has a significant effect on bearing element motion and dynamics. The results also indicate that depending on the bearing type, the shaft deflection can induce a moment within the bearing that is not readily available from elementary theory. The results show that the flexible housing undergoes deformations that create ovality in the bearing housing, thus affecting bearing dynamics. The model was also used to investigate bearing performance in a miniature wind turbine main shaft, utilizing a combination of spherical roller bearing (SRB) and cylindrical roller bearing (CRB) adams models. Results suggest that the axial-to-radial load ratio should be less than the tangent of the SRB contact angle to avoid premature failure due to rollers sliding in the SRB as well as detrimental parallel misalignment in the CRB.
Heat Transfer in Squeeze-Film Flow Between Rotating Disks
Authors: Haria Hiral , Katopodes Nikolaos D. , Lakhani Raj V. , Miyagawa Masatoshi , Sadaike Yutaka , Fujii Yuji 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A numerical and experimental study is conducted to investigate the effects of heat transfer on the squeeze-film flow between two parallel rotating disks, one of which is flat while the other has a grooved, highly rough surface. A conjugate heat transfer technique is developed to evaluate the torque and temperature distribution within the thin-film lubrication system, as the two disks advance toward each other. For the fluid domain, the energy equation is solved simultaneously with the squeeze-film equations coupled with an empirical contact model. Additionally, the energy equation is solved for the flat disk to determine the heat transfer by conduction while the grooved disk is assumed to be adiabatic. The heat exchange at the solid–fluid interface is determined iteratively using the energy equations from both the fluid and solid domains. The governing equations are solved using the finite-volume method, and the numerical model is tested for grid convergence and conservation of energy. An experimental study is conducted to collect torque and temperature data that are used to validate the model for the engagement dynamics of a wet clutch. The numerical and experimental analyses demonstrate the importance of thermal effects when evaluating the dynamics of squeeze-film flow between two rotating disks. Heat transfer affects the viscous and mixed lubrication phases of the engagement process significantly, especially for low initial temperatures. Moreover, the study highlights the strong effects of flow recirculation on heat transfer due to the complex geometry of the grooved friction material.
Experimental Investigation of the Cyclic Lateral Laying Effect on the Initial Embedment Depth of the Exposed Offshore Pipelines on Sand
Authors: Xiong Hairong , Hu Cun , He Ning , He Yang , Zhang Ying , Ni Ziqiang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The initial embedment depth of offshore exposed pipelines, which is mainly controlled by the soil properties and installation loads, has a significant influence on the pipeline’s subsequent axial and lateral response. However, engineering practices have shown that the initial embedment of the pipelines is often times higher than the predicted value by using the recommended vertical penetration model. In this study, an experimental apparatus was designed to model the lateral cyclic motions caused by the pipe installation on the embedment of the pipeline on sands. The effects of the vertical forces, the amplitudes and frequencies of cyclic loads on both the smooth and the coating pipelines are investigated. The results show that the cyclic loads do cause the further significant embedment of the pipelines on sands but with a limit value, which means the ultimate embedment exists. The development of the embedment can be divided into three stages: the increasing stage, in which the embedment depth increases rapidly in the first 15 cycles and cause the 95% of the overall further embedment depth; the hypo-stable stage, in which the increasing rate is slowing down but still with an observed further penetration; the stable stage, in which the rate is decreased to almost zero and the ultimate embedment is reached. Meanwhile, the vertical force and the cyclic motion amplitudes cause a positive effect on the increase of the embedment, whereas, the frequency has a marginal effect.
System Identification of Leisure Boat’s Maneuvering Model at Medium High-Speed Using Open Sea Trial Data
Authors: Seo Ji Young , Park Hyo-Jin , Nam Bo Woo , Choi Hujae 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study employs the system identification method to develop a maneuvering model for leisure boats operating at medium high-speed, using data from open sea trials. Concentrating on the dynamic characteristics unique to leisure boats, the research addresses the constraints of the traditional MMG models, which are predominantly designed for larger vessels. The study enhances the MMG model, aiming to achieve a more precise depiction of leisure boat dynamics. The paper presents the process of gathering and analyzing open sea trial data, formulating the maneuvering model, and applying system identification techniques to ascertain hydrodynamic coefficients. The outcomes indicate enhanced accuracy in ship velocity predictions, underscoring the utility of the refined model for leisure boats. This investigation is expected to broaden understanding of leisure boat dynamics and support the formulation and implementation of autonomous navigation systems in leisure boating.
Bayesian Updating by Utilization of Bayesian Optimization for Estimation of VIV Load Parameters
Authors: Leira Bernt J. , Andersen Martin L. , Wu Jie , Sævik Svein 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The purpose of the present paper is to summarize the findings from Bayesian updating methods applied to VIV cross-flow response. The Bayesian updating approach is formulated in terms of a prior statistical model for the quantities of interest (i.e. two parameters entering the VIV load model in the time domain for the present case), and subsequently this statistical model is modified based on a set of available observations. The statistical properties of the observation for a given set of values of the quantities of interest are represented by the so-called likelihood function. By combining the prior model with the likelihood function, the resulting posterior statistical model is obtained.
An experiment with a rigid pendulum subjected to pure cross-flow VIV is analysed. The cross-flow (lift) coefficient and the nondimensional center frequency of the lock-in region are represented as random variables. The following parameter studies are performed: (i) Application of different types of likelihood functions corresponding to different inherent “measurement noise levels” (ii) Introducing the exponent of the Posterior pdf as an objective function rather than the pdf itself (iii) Application of Bayesian optimization (by utilization of Gaussian Process Regression/Kriging) for identification of the extremal point of the objective function. A main objective is to clarify the relationship between the applied Prior model/likelihood function and the so-called Bayesian optimization scheme in order to identify the most likely values of the input parameters for a given set of measured data..