bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multicenter Phase II Study of Neoadjuvant Lapatinib and Trastuzumab With Hormonal Therapy and Without Chemotherapy in Patients With Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Overexpressing Breast Cancer: TBCRC 006
Authors: Rimawi Mothaffar F. , Mayer Ingrid A. , Forero Andres , Nanda Rita , Goetz Matthew P. , Rodriguez Angel A. , Pavlick Anne C. , Wang Tao , Hilsenbeck Susan G. , Gutierrez Carolina , Schiff Rachel , Osborne C. Kent , Chang Jenny C. 
Published: April 2013

Purpose We previously reported the eradication of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)– amplified human xenografts in mice by inhibition of the HER2 pathway with lapatinib and trastuzumab to block all homo- and heterodimer signaling as well as by blockade of estrogen receptor (ER) when expressed. In this clinical trial, we sought to translate these findings to patients using targeted therapy without chemotherapy. Patients and Methods Women with stages II to III HER2-positive breast cancers were eligible. They received trastuzumab once per week (4 mg/kg loading, then 2 mg/kg) and lapatinib 1000 mg once per day for 12 weeks. Women with ER-positive tumors also received letrozole (plus a luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone [LHRH] agonist if premenopausal). Pathologic response was assessed by ER status. Biopsies were obtained at baseline, weeks 2 and 8, and time of surgery. Results Sixty-six patients were enrolled, and 64 were eligible and evaluable for response. Median tumor size was 6 cm (range, 1.5 to 30 cm). Adverse events were mainly grades 1 to 2 (GI, 63%; skin, 46%). Grade 3 metabolic, GI, and liver (18%; 12 patients) and grade 4 liver toxicities (one patient) were also observed. Overall, in-breast pathologic complete response (pCR; ypT0-is) was 27% (ER positive, 21%; ER negative, 36%). The rate of low-volume residual disease (ypT1a-b) was 22% (ER positive, 33%; ER negative, 4%). Conclusion In patients with locally advanced HER2-positive breast cancer, our approach of targeted therapy only resulted in a high pCR rate without chemotherapy. Our data support the hypothesis that selected patients with HER2-positive tumors may not need chemotherapy, and more-complete blockade of HER receptors and ER is an effective strategy worthy of further study.
Alcohol Consumption Before and After Breast Cancer Diagnosis: Associations With Survival From Breast Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease, and Other Causes
Authors: Newcomb Polly A. , Kampman Ellen , Trentham-Dietz Amy , Egan Kathleen M. , Titus Linda J. , Baron John A. , Hampton John M. , Passarelli Michael N. , Willett Walter C. 
Published: April 2013

Purpose Alcohol intake is associated with increased risk of breast cancer. In contrast, the relation between alcohol consumption and breast cancer survival is less clear. Patients and Methods We assessed pre- and postdiagnostic alcohol intake in a cohort of 22,890 women with incident invasive breast cancer who were residents of Wisconsin, Massachusetts, or New Hampshire and diagnosed from 198 to 200 at ages 20 to 79 years. All women reported on prediagnostic intake; a subsample of 4,881 reported on postdiagnostic intake. Results During a median follow-up of 11.3 years from diagnosis, 7,780 deaths occurred, including 3,484 resulting from breast cancer. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CIs were estimated. Based on a quadratic analysis, moderate alcohol consumption before diagnosis was modestly associated with disease-specific survival (compared with nondrinkers, HR = 0.93 [95% CI, 0.85 to 1.02], 0.85 [95% CI, 0.75 to 0.95], 0.88 [95% CI, 0.75 to 1.02], and 0.89 [95% CI, 0.77 to 1.04] for two or more, three to six, seven to nine, and ≥ 10 drinks/wk, respectively). Alcohol consumption after diagnosis was not associated with disease-specific survival (compared with nondrinkers, HR = 0.88 [95% CI, 0.61 to 1.27], 0.80 [95% CI, 0.49 to 1.32], 1.01 [95% CI, 0.55 to 1.87], and 0.83 [95% CI, 0.45 to 1.54] for two or more, three to six, seven to nine, and ≥ 10 drinks/wk, respectively). Results did not vary by beverage type. Women consuming moderate levels of alcohol, either before or after diagnosis, experienced better cardiovascular and overall survival than nondrinkers. Conclusion Overall alcohol consumption before diagnosis was not associated with disease-specific survival, but we found a suggestion favoring moderate consumption. There was no evidence for an association with postdiagnosis alcohol intake and breast cancer survival. This study, however, does provide support for a benefit of limited alcohol intake for cardiovascular and overall survival in women with breast cancer.
Risk of Colorectal Cancer After Diagnosis of Endometrial Cancer: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Singh Harminder , Nugent Zoann , Demers Alain , Czaykowski Piotr M. , Mahmud Salaheddin M. 
Published: April 2013

Purpose Site-specific risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) among survivors of endometrial cancer (EC) is not known. The objective of the present study was to assess the risk of CRC (overall and subsite specific) among EC survivors. Methods A historical cohort study was performed by linking the Manitoba Cancer Registry and the Manitoba Health administrative databases. Each subject diagnosed with EC as her first cancer between 1987 and 2008 was age matched with up to five women with no history of invasive cancer on the index date (date of EC diagnosis). All subjects were followed up to the date of diagnosis of CRC or another cancer, death, migration, or study end point (December 31, 2009). Competing-risk proportional hazards models were used to compare the CRC incidence rates with adjustment for age, history of lower gastrointestinal endoscopy, and socioeconomic status. There were three mutually exclusive (and competing) outcomes: CRC, another primary cancer, and death. Results A total of 3,115 women with EC and 15,084 without EC were followed up for a total of 145,502 person-years. Women diagnosed with EC at age ≤ 50 years had an increased risk of being diagnosed with CRC (all CRC: hazard ratio [HR] = 4.41; 95% CI, 1.47 to 13.26; right-sided CRC: HR = 7.48; 95% CI, 1.29 to 43.28). There was no increased risk of all CRC among women 51 to 65 years of age or those older than 65 years at the time of EC diagnosis. However, women 51 to 65 years of age at EC diagnosis had an increased risk of right-sided CRC (HR = 2.30; 95% CI, 1.05 to 5.01). Conclusion This study suggests young women (age ≤ 50 years) with EC are at increased risk of CRC; risk of right-sided CRC is also increased in women 51 to 65 years old at EC diagnosis.
An estimation of the prevalence of nonmelanoma skin cancer in the U.S.
Authors: Perera Eshini , Sinclair Rodney 
Published: April 2013

Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia and has a significant impact on the cost of and use of healthcare resources. Current estimates of NMSC in the USA are 3.5 million cases in 2010 compared to 1.63 million cases of all other cancers combined. However, we believe that this figure significantly underestimates the prevalence of NMSC in the USA. We calculated that melanoma is diagnosed 5.7 times more in the USA than in Australia. In Australia, in 2010, there were 767,000 NMSC diagnoses. If the ratio of melanoma: NMSC is constant in both Australia and the USA, then there should be 5.7 times the number of NMSC in the USA or 4.3 million cases. The assumptions that underlie this calculation are discussed.
Parental Perceptions of Forgoing Artificial Nutrition and Hydration During End-of-Life Care
Authors: Rapoport Adam , Shaheed Jenny , Newman Christine , Rugg Maria , Steele Rose 
Published: April 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Forgoing artificial nutrition and hydration (FANH) in children at the end of life (EOL) is a medically, legally, and ethically acceptable practice under specific circumstances. However, most of the evidence on FANH involves dying adults. There is a paucity of pediatric evidence to guide health care providers’ and parents’ decision-making around this practice. Objectives were (1) to explore the experiences of bereaved parents when a decision had been made to FANH during EOL care for their child and (2) to describe the perceived quality of death in these children, as reported by their parents.METHODS:This was a qualitative study using in-depth interviews with parents whose children died after a decision to FANH. Parental perceptions about the experience and their child’s quality of death were explored. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed, then data were analyzed by using interpretive description methodology.RESULTS:All parents were satisfied with their decision to FANH and believed that their child’s death was generally peaceful and comfortable. The child’s perceived poor quality of life was central to the decision to FANH, with feeding intolerance often contributing to this perception. Despite overall satisfaction, all parents had doubts and questions about the decision and benefited from ongoing assurances from the clinical team.CONCLUSIONS:FANH in children at the EOL is an acceptable form of palliation for some parents and may contribute to a death that is perceived to be peaceful and comfortable. In situations in which FANH may be a reasonable possibility, physicians should be prepared to introduce the option.
Galactose-α-1,3-galactose and Delayed Anaphylaxis, Angioedema, and Urticaria in Children
Authors: Kennedy Joshua L. , Stallings Amy P. , Platts-Mills Thomas A.E. , Oliveira Walter M. , Workman Lisa , James Haley R. , Tripathi Anubha , Lane Charles J. , Matos Luis , Heymann Peter W. , Commins Scott P. 
Published: April 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Despite a thorough history and comprehensive testing, many children who present with recurrent symptoms consistent with allergic reactions elude diagnosis. Recent research has identified a novel cause for “idiopathic” allergic reactions; immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody specific for the carbohydrate galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-Gal) has been associated with delayed urticaria and anaphylaxis that occurs 3 to 6 hours after eating beef, pork, or lamb. We sought to determine whether IgE antibody to α-Gal was present in sera of pediatric patients who reported idiopathic anaphylaxis or urticaria.

METHODS:
Patients aged 4 to 17 were enrolled in an institutional review board–approved protocol at the University of Virginia and private practice allergy offices in Lynchburg, VA. Sera was obtained and analyzed by ImmunoCAP for total IgE and specific IgE to α-Gal, beef, pork, cat epithelium and dander, Fel d 1, dog dander, and milk.

RESULTS:
Forty-five pediatric patients were identified who had both clinical histories supporting delayed anaphylaxis or urticaria to mammalian meat and IgE antibody specific for α-Gal. In addition, most of these cases had a history of tick bites within the past year, which itched and persisted.

CONCLUSIONS:
A novel form of anaphylaxis and urticaria that occurs 3 to 6 hours after eating mammalian meat is not uncommon among children in our area. Identification of these cases may not be straightforward and diagnosis is best confirmed by specific testing, which should certainly be considered for children living in the area where the Lone Star tick is common.
Ceramic Fragments and Metal-free Full Crowns: A Conservative Esthetic Option for Closing Diastemas and Rehabilitating Smiles
Authors: Miranda ME , Olivieri KA , Rigolin FJ , Basting RT 
Published: April 2013

SUMMARY
Dental ceramics make it possible to restore anterior teeth that have been esthetically compromised, presenting a high resistance to wear, biocompatibility, color stability, and low thermal conductivity. The development of different types of ceramic and techniques for adhesive cementation have made it possible to produce more conservative restorations without involving the healthy dental structure and with minimally invasive preparation, such as the bonding of ceramic fragments. The purpose of this article is to describe a clinical case in which diastemas were closed by using nanofluorapatite ceramic (e.max Ceram, Ivoclar-Vivadent) fragments on teeth 7 and 10 with minimal tooth preparation and metal-free ceramic crowns (e-max Ceram) reinforced with zirconia copings through a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing system (Lava, 3M-ESPE) on teeth 8 and 9.
Sealing Properties of Three Luting Agents Used for Complete Cast Crowns: A Bacterial Leakage Study
Authors: Zmener O , Pameijer CH , Rincon SMH , Serrano SA , Chaves C 
Published: April 2013

SUMMARY

Objective
To assess the sealing properties of three different luting materials used for cementation of full cast crowns on extracted human premolars.

Methods
Thirty noncarious human premolars were prepared in a standardized fashion for full cast crown restorations. All margins were placed in dentin. After impressions of the preparations, stone dies were fabricated on which copings were waxed, which were cast in type III alloy using standardized laboratory methods. Teeth were randomly assigned to three groups of 10 samples each (n=10), for which the following cements were used: 1) a resin-modified glass ionomer cement, Rely X Luting Plus (3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA); 2) a self-adhesive resin cement, Maxcem Elite (Kerr Corporation, Orange, CA, USA); and 3) a glass ionomer cement, Ketac Cem (3M ESPE), the latter used as control. After cementation the samples were allowed to bench-set for 10 minutes, stored in water at 37°C, subjected to thermal cycling (2000×, between 5°C and 55°C, dwell time 35 seconds), and then stored in sterile phosphate buffer for seven days at 37°C. Subsequently, the occlusal surface was carefully reduced until the dentin was exposed. Finishing on wet sand paper removed the gold flash caused by grinding. After sterilization, the specimens were subjected to bacterial microleakage in a dual chamber apparatus for 60 days. Bacterial leakage was checked daily. Data were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier survival test. Significant pairwise differences were analyzed using the log-rank test followed by Fisher exact test at a p&lt;0.05 level of significance.

Results
Rely X Luting Plus showed the lowest microleakage scores, which statistically differed significantly from Maxcem Elite and Ketac Cem (p&lt;0.05).

Conclusions
Rely X Luting Plus cement displayed significantly lower microleakage scores than a self-adhesive resin-based and conventional glass ionomer cement.
La notion de δύναμις chez Damascios
Authors: Trouillard Jean 
Published: April 2013

La puissance est la charge de multiplicité que toute unité porte en elle et qui demande à s'épancher. Elle est donc à tous les niveaux une médiation qui récapitule et écarte à la fois les extrêmes qu'elle joint.
Or pour Damascios, comme pour Proclos, la médiation parfaite, c'est l'âme. C'est elle que déploient les 5 hypothèses positives du Parménide de Platon. La puissance s'exprime donc intégralement dans la structure pentadique de l'âme, dont les triades néoplatoniciennes ne sont que des simplifications.
Quand l'identité s'enfuit, l'effraction surgit : le Moi auxiliaire au service du Moi effracté chez une femme de 91 ans
Authors: Fourques Catherine 
Published: April 2013

Le processus de démentification provoque de nombreuses pertes, cognitives mais également psychiques qui désorganisent le Moi et rendent les défenses moins opérantes. L’identité est également mise à mal. L’angoisse suscitée par la perte du sentiment de continuité de soi survient tel un traumatisme sur le Moi fragilisé. L’auteur propose une situation clinique d’une femme de 91 ans souffrant de démence pour illustrer les effets traumatiques d’une telle angoisse : une temporalité psychique en suspens, induisant une expression corporelle de l’angoisse ; un rôle défensif de la répétition de cette angoisse ; et enfin, une réponse thérapeutique par l’utilisation du Moi auxiliaire du thérapeute et par un travail sur les limites dans le but de restaurer l’identité de la patiente.
Dialectical Behavior Therapy Applications for Psychiatrists
Authors: Witterholt Suzanne , Nelson Katharine J. 
Published: April 2013

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Describe the principles underlying the delivery of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) that can be employed to maximize the effects of medications to enhance recovery for patients with borderline personality disorder.

2.
Recognize the importance of the effect of the prescriber, as well as the medications being prescribed, on the motivation and capability of the individual in treatment.

3.
List the elements of comprehensive DBT and associated treatment modalities for the patient that function to promote change toward his or her individual recovery goals.

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is a comprehensive treatment designed for the severe and chronic, multidiagnosed, difficult-to-treat patient with both Axis I and Axis II conditions. It is a principle-based treatment that includes some specific manualized protocols.
Bilateral Pediatric Cataract Surgery: Outcomes of 390 Children From Nepal and Northern India
Authors: Hennig Albrecht , Schroeder Bernd , Gilbert Clare 
Published: April 2013

Purpose:
To report the outcomes of bilateral pediatric cataract surgery from eastern Nepal and northern India.

Methods:
Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data of 390 children who underwent surgery bilaterally between 2007 and 2009 were analyzed.

Results:
Forty-two (10.8%) children came from Nepal and 348 (89.2%) from India (mainly Bihar State). Intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with posterior capsule opening and anterior vitrectomy were achieved in 386 (99.0%) children bilaterally. Median age at surgery was 7 years and 69.2% were male. At first presentation, 243 (62.3%) of the children were blind (< 3/60 in the better eye). After more than 1 year, 53.5% had a normal visual status (range: 6/6 to 6/18), 5.6% of children were still blind, and mean refractive error spherical equivalent was +1.0 ± 2.4 diopters. Astigmatism changed from suture-induced with the rule at discharge to against the rule within 3 weeks of surgery. Mean long-term astigmatic error was 1.0 ± 0.9 diopters after 1 year. Glaucoma was rare.

Conclusions:
Even in a setting with limited resources, successful, cost-effective, high-volume surgery for pediatric cataract is possible. Despite late presentation and limited follow-up, more than half achieved good outcomes after more than 1 year. Only 5.6% remained blind due to amblyopia or eye anomalies. Bilateral surgery during one hospital stay, IOL implantation with undercorrection according to age, aggressive surgery to prevent secondary cataract, intensive anti-inflammatory therapy, and provision of durable, high-quality spectacles to take home all proved beneficial because many children cannot attend for regular follow-up.

[J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2013;50(5):312–319.]
Calibration and Validation of Nine Objective Vision Screeners With Contact Lens-Induced Anisometropia
Authors: Arnold Robert W. , Davis Bethanne , Arnold Laura E. , Rowe Kayla S. , Davis Jodi M. 
Published: April 2013

Purpose:
New objective photoscreeners are emerging with encouraging national guidelines and pediatric providers can be reimbursed for photoscreening.

Methods:
Nine objective screeners were applied to two emmetropic subjects with or without known power contact lenses to induce spherical and cylindrical anisometropia close to American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) thresholds.

Results:
The screeners produced near linear pupil crescents and estimated refractions for induced anisometropia. Most performed well with AAPOS 2003 validation; however, the iPhone (Apple, Cupertino, CA) was too sensitive, whereas the remote autorefractors using Vision in Preschoolers Study criteria were less sensitive.

Conclusions:
The new, interpreted objective screeners appear valid for detection of anismetropia.

[J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2013;50(3):184–190.]
Cutting Edge: Macrophages Are Required for Localization of Antigen-Activated B Cells to the Follicular Perimeter and the Subsequent Germinal Center Response
Authors: Nikbakht Neda , Shen Shixue , Manser Tim 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
We demonstrated recently that, after accumulation of Ag-engaged B cells at the T cell zone boundaries in the spleen, these B cells migrate to the perimeter of follicles adjacent to the marginal zone. They undergo rapid proliferation at this site prior to coalescence into germinal centers (GCs). In this article, we report that this phase of migration and expansion of activated Ag-specific B cells, as well as subsequent formation of GCs, does not take place in the absence of splenic macrophages. Our data suggest a previously unappreciated function for macrophages in orchestrating the early phases of T cell–dependent B cell responses and formation of GCs distinct from their potential role in Ag presentation to T cells.
Literatura y activismo intelectual en la Argentina de los 80. Notas a partir de Lecturas críticas. Revista de Investigación y Teorías Literarias
Authors: Gerbaudo Analía Isabel 
Published: April 2013

A partir de Lecturas críticas. Revista de Investigación y Teorías Literarias, este trabajo describe diferentes formas del activismo intelectual desarrollado en Argentina en torno a la literatura, la teoría y la crítica literarias durante la última dictadura militar. Los “grupos de estudio” (o la llamada “universidad de las catacumbas”), además de hacer circular y discutir literatura y teorías prohibidas, producen conferencias, revistas así como un colectivo crítico que, con el retorno democrático, renovará la enseñanza y la investigación universitarias en una zona importante del país. Pero por otro lado, durante la dictadura, estas formaciones y las derivas que generan en el campo actúan como núcleos de resistencia desajustados de la moral y de la ideología oficiales. Palabras claveliteratura * universidad de las catacumbas * Argentina * dictadura * teoría y crítica literarias
Hemodialysis Catheter Thrombi: Visualization and Quantification of Microstructures and Cellular Composition
Authors: Lucas Thabata C. , Tessarolo Francesco , Veniero Patrizia , Caola Iole , Piccoli Federico , Haase Albrecht , Nollo Giandomenico , Huebner Rudolf , Brunori Giuliano 
Published: April 2013

Purpose Despite the increasing use of central venous catheters (CVC) for hemodialysis in clinical practice, the role of CVC in thrombus development is poorly understood. This work aims at defining new methods and protocols for assessing the micromorphology and composition of thrombi formed into tunneled and non-tunneled hemodialysis CVC removed from patients. Methods Twenty-nine CVCs were collected and the microscopic features of intra-luminal thrombi were quantified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and visualized by two photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM). Results SEM quantification showed that fibrin was the most abundant structure in CVC thrombi. Specifically, the median micromorphologic composition of the surface layer resulted in: 42.6% of fibrin plaque, 16.3% of fibrin network, 0.4% of fibrin fibers, 9.3% of platelets, 10.3% of erythrocytes and 1.7% of white blood cells. TPLSM showed that sub-surface layers were instead composed by smaller amounts of fibrin and platelets and higher amounts of blood cells. Conclusions Integration of SEM and TPLSM was found to be an excellent tool for characterizing thrombi in hemodialysis CVC removed from patients. Protocols and techniques presented here may be useful in the development and testing of new strategies for limiting thrombus formation on vascular access because of CVC.