bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lower-extremity Weight-bearing Compliance Is Maintained Over Time After Biofeedback Training
Authors: Hustedt Joshua W. , Blizzard Daniel J. , Baumgaertner Michael R. , Leslie Michael P. , Grauer Jonathan N. 
Published: November 2012

Previous studies have shown immediate compliance with weight-bearing instructions to be better after biofeedback training than after verbal or scale training. This study assessed retention of biofeedback training to determine potential clinical applicability.
Twelve participants were enrolled in a prospective clinical study at an academic orthopedic center. Participants were trained with a biofeedback device to comply with touch-down weight-bearing instructions (25 lb). Immediately following the training session, weight bearing was assessed for each participant. The retention of this training was then reassessed at 2 to 4, 6 to 8, and 22 to 24 hours. Two control participants were given no biofeedback training (verbal instructions only) and were followed similarly. Following initial biofeedback training at 25 lb, participants bore an average of 20.4±2.12 lb. Retention tests during the 24-hour period showed no significant difference from the original testing, with 2- to 4-hour retention of 19.98±4.75 lb, 6- to 8-hour retention of 25.07±6.60 lb, and 22- to 24-hour retention of 21.75±4.58 lb. Participants who only received verbal instructions consistently bore several-fold greater weight than instructed.
Biofeedback training has previously been shown to have a strong immediate effect on partial weight-bearing compliance. This study demonstrated that this effect lasts up to 24 hours. This maintained weight-bearing compliance after biofeedback training suggests that this method may be an effective way to train patients to comply with given instructions for limited weight bearing.
Recurrent Posterior Shoulder Instability After Rifle Shooting
Authors: Cho Jae-Ho , Chung Nam-Su , Song Hyung-Keun , Lee Doo-Hyung 
Published: November 2012

Rifle shooting produces a sudden counterforce against the body thorough the anterior shoulder, which may produce a traumatic injury in soldiers. Posterior instability of the shoulder can occur in soldiers who practice rifle shooting. To the authors’ knowledge, few reports have examined shooting-related injuries in soldiers.This article describes the case of a 27-year-old male soldier who presented with left shoulder pain and instability after rifle training. He developed symptoms, and presented radiographic findings consistent with a posterior Bankart lesion. Intraoperatively, while in the lateral decubitus position, a posterior portal was created 3 cm inferior and 2 cm lateral to the posterolateral corner of acromion for making a proper angle for inserting anchors. A reverse bony Bankart lesion and adjacent cartilage breakdown at the glenoid rim were noted. An arthroscopic capsulolabral repair was performed with 3-mm bioabsorbable anchors to the glenoid rim. No gross reverse Hill-Sachs lesion or hyaline cartilage lesion was noted. Postoperatively, the arm was supported in a sling with an abduction pillow for 5 weeks. Codman’s exercises, scapular protraction exercises, and elbow and wrist exercises were started. Physical therapy focused on reestablishing glenohumeral range of motion and rotator cuff and periscapular muscle strength. Six months postoperatively, the patient had normal scapular kinesis and reported no shoulder pain or symptoms of instability associated with a reverse bony Bankart lesion.
Expression of Beclin 1 in Bladder Cancer and Its Clinical Significance
Authors: Liu Gui-hong , Zhong Qian , Ye Yun-lin , Wang Hong-bo , Hu Li-juan , Qin Zi-ke , Zeng Mu-sheng , Zeng Bo-hang 
Published: November 2012

Background The aim of this study is to explore the expression of beclin 1, an autophagy gene, in bladder cancer and to evaluate its clinical and prognostic significance in patients with bladder cancer. Methods Beclin 1 expression was examined at mRNA and protein levels by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry in bladder cancer tissues and adjacent normal bladder tissues. The relationship between the expression of beclin 1 and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis was statistically analyzed. Results mRNA level, protein expression and immunoreactivity of beclin 1 were decreased in bladder cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Downregulation of beclin 1 was more frequent in tumors with higher histological grades (the expression of beclin 1 was reduced by 49.0% in G1 and G2, and by 71.8% in G3, p=0.010), and was also reduced by 69.5% in the muscle invasive type and by 51.1% in the non-muscle invasive type (p=0.04). Reduced beclin 1 expression was positively associated with higher histological grade and more advanced clinical stage (p<0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that patients exhibiting lower beclin 1 expression experienced a shorter survival than those with higher expression (p=0.006). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that beclin 1 protein is an independent predictor of survival (p=0.005). Conclusion Beclin 1 has an influence on the progression of bladder cancer and might serve as a potential prognostic factor for patients with bladder cancer.
Stochastic Citizenship:
Authors: Von Burg Alessandra Beasley 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
The disconnection between the idea of nation-based citizenship and the current practices of migrants presents the opportunity to reconceptualize and redefine the idea of citizenship and thereby grasp the realities of movement. I employ Giambattista Vico's theories of universal rights and his history of civilizations to interrogate rhetorically national origins and expand on what I call a renovation of citizenship. This is a process that embraces daily practices of nation-based citizenship and encourages us to imagine new ways to express citizenship, ways that comport with the realities of a mobile world, specifically the human right of freedom of movement. In formulating this renovation of citizenship based on mobility, I introduce the metaphor of stochastic citizenship to resolve the tension between the legal structures governing citizenship and the promotion of mobility as a human right. The Roma people in Europe serve as a test for stochastic citizenship.
Orator-Machine:
Authors: May Matthew S. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractOratorical practice may be viewed as the material enactment of a philosophy of class struggle. Drawing on the work of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, I propose “orator-machine” as a concept-term to describe speech making in the context of the open exterior of interconnected human and nonhuman machinic assemblages in capitalist modernity. My argument is based on a reconsideration of a single address, delivered by William D. “Big Bill” Haywood in 1911 at the Cooper Union in New York City. Reading Haywood against the grain—as a conceptual innovator—allows me to demonstrate a mode of analysis that affirms the philosophical quality and ontological politics of oratorical performance.
The Breathing Tropical High‐Rise
Authors: Summ Wong Mun , Hassell Richard , Yeo Alina 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn the last decade or so, the question of scale has been epitomised by the intense urbanisation of Southeast Asia with its burgeoning high‐rises. Wong Mun Summ, Richard Hassell and Alina Yeo of WOHA describe four projects that ameliorate high‐density living through design strategies that simultaneously harness innovative technological solutions and traditional knowledge to introduce comfort and green space into the living environment.
Tuning Dichroic Plasmon Resonance Modes of Gold Nanoparticles in Optical Thin Films
Authors: Gonzalez‐García Lola , Parra‐Barranco Julian , Sanchez‐Valencia Juan Ramón , Ferrer Javier , Garcia‐Gutierrez Mari‐Cruz , Barranco Angel , Gonzalez‐Elipe Agustín R. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA simple method is presented to tune the gold surface plasmon resonance (SPR) modes by growing anisotropic nanoparticles into transparent SiO2 thin films prepared by glancing angle deposition. In this type of composite film, the anisotropy of the gold nanoparticles, proved by gracing incidence small angle X‐ray scattering, is determined by the tilted nanocolumnar structure of the SiO2 host and yields a strong film dichroism evidenced by a change from an intense colored to a nearly transparent aspect depending on light polarization and/or sample orientation. The formation in these films of lithographic non‐dichroic SPR patterns by nanosecond laser writing demonstrates the potentialities of this procedure to develop novel optical encryption or anti‐counterfeiting structures either at micrometer‐ or macroscales.
Hierarchical Assembly of Complex Block Copolymer Nanoparticles into Multicompartment Superstructures through Tunable Interparticle Associations
Authors: Zhu Jiahua , Zhang Shiyi , Zhang Fuwu , Wooley Karen L. , Pochan Darrin J. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA challenging aim in both materials physics and chemistry is the construction of complex and functional superstructures from designed nanoscale building units. Block copolymer nanoparticles with morphological variety and compositional complexity have been made with solution‐based assembly. However, routine ability to build hierarchical superstructures by inter‐nanoparticle association is not yet possible. A hierarchical assembly strategy of organizing pre‐formed spherical block copolymer nanoparticles into superstructures, including linear, circular, and close‐packed arrays, via tunable interparticle interactions is presented. Solution‐state mixtures are made of two amphiphilic diblock copolymers, poly(acrylic acid)‐block‐poly(methyl methacrylate) (PAA‐b‐PMMA) and poly(acrylic acid)‐block‐polybutadiene (PAA‐b‐PB) with additional crown ether functionalities grafted onto 40 mol% of the AA repeat units on the PAA‐b‐PMMA diblock copolymer. Through kinetic control of the solution assembly process in aqueous/N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) mixtures (4:1 water:DMF), spherical nanoparticles with compositional complexity confined in both the core and shell are obtained. Benefiting from host‐guest chemistry, interparticle association is triggered and tuned by the addition of di‐functional organoamines due to amine‐crown ether complexation. The resultant multiparticle superstructures contain well‐defined multicompartments within individual, constituent nanoparticles due to the local separation of unlike PB and PMMA hydrophobic blocks within the cores of the individual particles. Through competitive complexation with potassium ions, the superstructures are disassembled into individual multicomparment nanoparticles.
Termite fishing laterality in the fongoli savanna chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus): Further evidence of a left hand preference
Authors: Bogart S.L. , Pruetz J.D. , Ormiston L.K. , Russell J.L. , Meguerditchian A. , Hopkins W.D. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWhether nonhuman primates show population‐level handedness is a topic of much scientific debate. A previous study of handedness for termite fishing reported population‐level left handedness in the chimpanzees from Gombe National Park, Tanzania. In the current study, we examined whether similar hand preferences were evident in a savanna‐dwelling chimpanzee population with regards to termite fishing. Hand preference data were collected for 27 chimpanzees from February 2007 through July 2008 and November 2011 through January 2012 in southeastern Senegal. Overall, the Fongoli chimpanzees demonstrate a trend toward population‐level handedness, though the results did not reach conventional levels of statistical significance likely due to the limited sample size. Fongoli chimpanzees showed the same pattern of left hand preference as reported at Gombe and the two populations did not differ significantly. When the data were combined across all studies, wild chimpanzees showed a population‐level left hand preference for termite fishing. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The aerodynamics of the sinonasal interface: the nose takes wing—a paradigm shift for our time
Authors: Gungor Anil A. 
Published: November 2012

BackgroundVentilation of and gas exchange between the nose and the paranasal sinuses are believed to occur by convection and diffusion based on experiments that neglect the effects of physiological respiration and aerodynamic forces at the sinonasal interface (SNI). Based on these experiments, the exchange of gas is presumed to be slow, and principally dependent on gas concentration and diameter, number, and location of ostia.MethodsIn 12 healthy adult volunteers, real‐time sinus nitric oxide measurements were obtained with catheters placed through natural ostia during respiratory maneuvers.ResultsThe nose is a masterful collection of aerodynamic foils and channels designed to accomplish powered sinonasal gas exchange and ventilation within a few seconds during each inspiration.ConclusionThe new perspective on the functional anatomy of the SNI demands a paradigm shift that is followed by physiological, medical, and surgical implications and a radical change in our perception and understanding.
Src and fibroblast growth factor 2 independently regulate signaling and gene expression induced by experimental injury to intact articular cartilage
Authors: Watt Fiona E. , Ismail Heba M. , Didangelos Athanasios , Peirce Matthew , Vincent Tonia L. , Wait Robin , Saklatvala Jeremy 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether cartilage injury activates protein tyrosine kinases distinct from fibroblast growth factor (FGF)–related signaling, and whether they contribute to injury‐induced gene responses.MethodsPhosphokinases and protein tyrosine phosphorylation were assayed by Western blotting of cartilage lysates. Immunoprecipitation and Western blotting with 4G10 antibody and immunoprecipitation kinase assay were carried out. Tyrosine‐phosphorylated proteins on silver‐stained gels of injured cartilage lysates were identified by mass spectrometry. Messenger RNA induction in cartilage explants was assessed by quantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction.ResultsProtein tyrosine phosphorylation occurred within seconds of injury to the surface of intact articular cartilage, as did activation of MAPKs and IKK. Activation did not reoccur upon reinjury of cultured explants. The prominent tyrosine‐phosphorylated proteins focal adhesion kinase, paxillin, and cortactin were identified as substrates of Src family kinases. The Src family kinase inhibitor PP2 blocked injury‐induced tyrosine phosphorylation. It did not prevent activation of the MAPKs and IKK but differentially inhibited 8 of 10 inflammatory response genes that were induced by injury. In contrast, FGF signaling blockade with PD173074 reduced all MAPK and IKK activation by ∼50% and inhibited a different subset of genes but had no effect on Src‐like signaling.ConclusionInjury to the surface of intact articular cartilage activates Src‐like kinases as well as MAPKs and IKK (implying NF‐κB activation). FGF‐2 contributes to MAPK/IKK activation but not to Src‐like signaling, suggesting that the latter is a parallel pathway that also regulates the injury‐induced inflammatory gene response.
Alpha2‐antiplasmin regulates the development of dermal fibrosis in mice by prostaglandin F2α synthesis through adipose triglyceride lipase/calcium‐independent phospholipase A2
Authors: Kanno Yosuke , Kawashita Eri , Kokado Akiko , Okada Kiyotaka , Ueshima Shigeru , Matsuo Osamu , Matsuno Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by fibrosis of the skin and visceral organs. Patients with SSc have enhanced plasma levels of the plasmin–α2‐antiplasmin (α2AP) complex, and we recently implicated α2AP in the development of fibrosis through transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) production. This study was undertaken to clarify how α2AP induces TGFβ production and the development of fibrosis.MethodsTo clarify the detailed mechanism by which α2AP induces TGFβ production, we focused on adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL)/calcium‐independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) and examined whether ATGL/ iPLA2 is associated with α2AP‐induced TGFβ production. The mouse model of bleomycin‐induced SSc was used to evaluate the role of α2AP in the development of fibrosis. Dermal thickness and collagen content were determined in mouse skin treated with phosphate buffered saline or bleomycin. Moreover, we cultured SSc‐like fibroblasts from the bleomycin‐treated mouse skin and examined the production of TGFβ and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α).ResultsWe found that α2AP binding to ATGL promoted PGF2α synthesis through iPLA2 in fibroblasts, and the PGF2α synthesis that was promoted by α2AP induced TGFβ production in fibroblasts. In addition, the neutralization of α2AP attenuated the production of TGFβ and PGF2α in SSc‐like fibroblasts from mice. The α2AP deficiency attenuated bleomycin‐induced fibrosis and PGF2α synthesis, while the administration of PGF2α to α2AP‐deficient mice facilitated α2AP deficiency–attenuated fibrosis.ConclusionThese findings suggest that α2AP regulates the development of fibrosis by PGF2α synthesis through ATGL/iPLA2. The inhibition of α2AP‐initiated pathways might provide a novel therapeutic approach to fibrotic diseases.
Clinical and transcriptional response to the long‐acting interleukin‐1 blocker canakinumab in Blau syndrome–related uveitis
Authors: Simonini Gabriele , Xu Zhaohui , Caputo Roberto , De Libero Cinzia , Pagnini Ilaria , Pascual Virginia , Cimaz Rolando 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo report on the clinical response to canakinumab in a patient with sporadic nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain–containing protein 2 (NOD‐2)–associated pediatric granulomatous arthritis (Blau syndrome) and severe resistant panuveitis, and to describe gene expression profile changes throughout such treatment.MethodsA 4‐year‐old boy was diagnosed as having Blau syndrome on the basis of typical clinical features, histologic evidence of noncaseating granulomas, and a NOD2 mutation. Ocular involvement was initially controlled by topical and oral corticosteroids, but over the years visual impairment and complications, such as macular edema and retinal detachment, progressed. Ocular disease remained persistently active despite treatment with multiple different immunosuppressants; therefore, canakinumab treatment was started. Before and during the first 6 months of treatment, the gene expression profile was determined each month.ResultsCanakinumab treatment was well tolerated and led to rapid quiescence of uveitis, which had been continuously active before this treatment. Gene expression profiling analysis of the patient's blood prior to initiation of interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) blockade revealed differential expression of 1,993 transcripts when compared to healthy controls, and among the up‐regulated transcripts, pathway analysis showed that the predominant network consisted of innate immunity–related transcripts. The transcriptional signature of the patient overlapped with the transcriptional signature of patients with systemic‐onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and canakinumab treatment led to the normalization of most of these transcriptional changes.ConclusionThe pathogenesis of Blau syndrome may be mediated by IL‐1, and canakinumab may be useful when this disorder is unresponsive to more conventional treatments.
Großversuche zur Ermüdung von Litzenseilen auf Umlenksätteln für Schrägseilbrücken
Authors: Schlaich Mike , Abdalsamad Ayham , Annan Rachid 
Published: November 2012

AbstractSchrägseil‐ oder Extradosed‐Brücken sind dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Regel die Seile, die den Überbau tragen, alle im Pylon enden und dort einzeln verankert sind. Um die Verankerung zu vereinfachen und um Platz zu sparen, werden neuerdings auch Sattelsysteme eingesetzt, die wie bei Hängebrücken, die Seile – heute meist Litzenbündel – am Pylonkopf ohne Zwischenverankerung von einer Seite zur anderen durchführen. Während das Trag‐ und Ermüdungsverhalten einzelner Litzen unter Axialbelastung ausgiebig erforscht ist, gibt es für zug‐ und biegebeanspruchte Litzen mit Sattelsystemen mit kleinen Radien noch wenig Erfahrung.Die Einrichtungen am Institut für Bauingenieurwesen der Technischen Universität Berlin boten die Möglichkeit, Ermüdungsversuche für Litzen‐Sattelsysteme mit 55 und 37 Litzen durchzuführen. Diese Versuche wurden in den Jahren 2009 und 2010 in Übereinstimmung mit den fib‐Empfehlungen, Bulletin 30, vom Januar 2005 durchgeführt.In diesem Bericht werden kurz die heute verwendeten Sattelsysteme für Litzenbündel von Schrägseilbrücken und die Prüfmethoden für Ermüdungsversuche an Litzenseilen oder ‐bündeln beschrieben. Ausführlich wird auf die Anlage und die Versuche an der TU Berlin sowie die seither durchgeführte Forschung eingegangen.Large scale fatigue tests of strands on saddle systems for cable‐stayed bridgesStay cables made of parallel strands for cable‐stayed or extradosed bridges are usually anchored in the pylon or the mast of the bridge. New saddle systems provide the opportunity to support them by saddles that guide the strands continuously from one side of the pylon to the other. While cables made of strands have been tested for fatigue extensively, saddle systems were not yet tested much although the fatigue mechanism occurring inside a saddle is particularly complex. The need to perform such a test and the facilities that exist at the Berlin Institute of Technology (TU Berlin), Department of Civil and Structural Engineering provided the unique opportunity to perform large scale fatigue test on cable saddle systems with 55 and with 37 strands. These tests were performed in accordance to fib recommendations, bulletin 30, January 2005. This paper describes the saddle systems used today as well as the test rig and tests conducted in Berlin.
Statistical multi‐path exposure method for assessing the whole‐body SAR in a heterogeneous human body model in a realistic environment
Authors: Vermeeren Günter , Joseph Wout , Martens Luc 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAssessing the whole‐body absorption in a human in a realistic environment requires a statistical approach covering all possible exposure situations. This article describes the development of a statistical multi‐path exposure method for heterogeneous realistic human body models. The method is applied for the 6‐year‐old Virtual Family boy (VFB) exposed to the GSM downlink at 950 MHz. It is shown that the whole‐body SAR does not differ significantly over the different environments at an operating frequency of 950 MHz. Furthermore, the whole‐body SAR in the VFB for multi‐path exposure exceeds the whole‐body SAR for worst‐case single‐incident plane wave exposure by 3.6%. Moreover, the ICNIRP reference levels are not conservative with the basic restrictions in 0.3% of the exposure samples for the VFB at the GSM downlink of 950 MHz. The homogeneous spheroid with the dielectric properties of the head suggested by the IEC underestimates the absorption compared to realistic human body models. Moreover, the variation in the whole‐body SAR for realistic human body models is larger than for homogeneous spheroid models. This is mainly due to the heterogeneity of the tissues and the irregular shape of the realistic human body model compared to homogeneous spheroid human body models. Bioelectromagnetics 34:240–251, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.