bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐stage inrush current suppressed circuit for BCM boost converter
Authors: Wang Yijie , Zhang Xiangjun , Wang Wei , Xu Dianguo 
Published: November 2013

SummaryA three‐stage inrush‐current suppression circuit is proposed for the boundary conduction mode boost circuit, which not only can suppress the first inrush current when powered on in the boost topology but also can suppress the secondary inrush current caused by the working of the boost circuit; the inrush current caused by the electromagnetic interference filter can also be suppressed. The simulations are performed to prove the rightness and feasibility of the circuit, and the circuit is used in a 1000‐W two‐stage electronic ballast for the metal halide lamp. In the experiment, the first inrush current is nearly 0 A, and the second inrush current is less than 12 A. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of an allelic series in the MONOPTEROS gene of arabidopsis
Authors: Odat Osama , Gardiner Jason , Sawchuk Megan G. , Verna Carla , Donner Tyler J. , Scarpella Enrico 
Published: November 2013

SummaryPatterning of numerous features of plants depends on transduction of the auxin signal. Auxin signaling is mediated by several pathways, the best understood of which relies on the function of the MONOPTEROS (MP) gene. Seven mp mutant alleles have been described in the widely used Columbia background of Arabidopsis: two extensively characterized and five only partially characterized. One of these five mp alleles appears to be extinct and thus unavailable for analysis. We show that two of the four remaining, partially characterized mp alleles reported to be in the Columbia background are in fact not in this background. We extend characterization of the remaining two Columbia alleles of mp, and we identify and characterize four new alleles of mp in the Columbia background, among which the first low‐expression allele of mp and the strongest Columbia allele of mp. These genetic resources provide the research community with new experimental opportunities for insight into the function of MP‐dependent auxin signaling in plant development. genesis 52:127–133. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bulimia nervosa‐nonpurging subtype: Closer to the bulimia nervosa‐purging subtype or to binge eating disorder?
Authors: Jordan Jennifer , McIntosh Virginia V.W. , Carter Janet D. , Rowe Sarah , Taylor Kathryn , Frampton Christopher M.A. , McKenzie Janice M. , Latner Janet , Joyce Peter R. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractObjectiveDSM‐5 has dropped subtyping of bulimia nervosa (BN), opting to continue inclusion of the somewhat contentious diagnosis of BN‐nonpurging subtype (BN‐NP) within a broad BN category. Some contend however that BN‐NP is more like binge eating disorder (BED) than BN‐P. This study examines clinical characteristics, eating disorder symptomatology, and Axis I comorbidity in BN‐NP, BN‐P, and BED groups to establish whether BN‐NP more closely resembles BN‐P or BED.MethodWomen with BN‐P (n = 29), BN‐NP (n = 29), and BED (n = 54) were assessed at baseline in an outpatient psychotherapy trial for those with binge eating. Measures included the Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM‐IV, Eating Disorder Examination, and Eating Disorder Inventory‐2.ResultsThe BN‐NP subtype had BMIs between those with BN‐P and BED. Both BN subtypes had higher Restraint and Drive for Thinness scores than BED. Body Dissatisfaction was highest in BN‐NP and predicted BN‐NP compared to BN‐P. Higher Restraint and lower BMI predicted BN‐NP relative to BED. BN‐NP resembled BED with higher lifetime BMIs; and weight‐loss clinic than eating disorder clinic attendances relative to the BN‐P subtype. Psychiatric comorbidity was comparable except for higher lifetime cannabis use disorder in the BN‐NP than BN‐P subtypeDiscussionThese results suggest that BN‐NP sits between BN‐P and BED however the high distress driving inappropriate compensatory behaviors in BN‐P requires specialist eating disorder treatment. These results support retaining the BN‐NP group within the BN category. Further research is needed to determine whether there are meaningful differences in outcome over follow‐up. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2014; 47:231–238)
Association study of the estrogen receptor I gene (ESR1) in anorexia nervosa and eating disorders: No replication found
Authors: Slof‐Op 't Landt Margarita C.T. , van Furth Eric F. , Meulenbelt Ingrid , Bartels Meike , Hottenga Jouke Jan , Slagboom P. Eline , Boomsma Dorret I. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe female preponderance and onset around puberty in the majority of eating disorders (EDs) suggest that sex hormones, like estrogens, may be involved in the onset of these disorders. An eight‐SNP haplotype at the estrogen receptor I (ESR1) gene was found to be associated with anorexia nervosa (AN) (Versini et al., Neuropsychopharmacology, 35, 1818–1825, 2010) and three SNPs from this haplotype (rs726281, rs2295193, and rs3798577) were associated with AN and/or EDs. Our objective was to replicate these findings in an independent cohort of 520 patients with an eating disorder, of whom 244 had AN (142 restricting type) from the GenED study and 2,810 random women from the Netherlands Twin Registry.MethodThe frequencies of the eight‐SNP haplotype and three ESR1 SNPs were compared between patients with an eating disorder, with AN (restricting type), with bulimia nervosa (BN), and the control women.ResultsNeither the haplotype nor the three ESR1 SNPs were associated with EDs, BN, AN, or restricting type AN.DiscussionDespite sufficient statistical power, the associations reported by Versini et al. (Neuropsychopharmacology, 35, 1818–1825, 2010) were not replicated. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2014; 47:211–214)
Soil–vegetation interaction on slopes with bush encroachment in the central Alps – adapting slope stability measurements to shifting process domains
Authors: Caviezel C. , Hunziker M. , Schaffner M. , Kuhn N. J. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn the European Alps many high mountain grasslands which were traditionally used for summer pasturing and haying have been abandoned during recent decades. Abandonment of mown or grazed grasslands causes a shift in vegetation composition and thus a change in landscape ecology and geomorphology. Alpine areas are very fragile ecosystems and are highly sensitive to changing environmental conditions, which can affect the geomorphic regime of these high energy environments. The effect of land use intensification on erosion rates is well documented, whereas the effect of land abandonment on erosion rates is still discussed controversially, particularly in relation to its short‐term and long‐term consequences. Generally, an established perennial vegetation cover improves the mechanical anchoring of the soil and the regulation of the soil water budget, including run‐off generation and erosion. However, changing vegetation composition affects many other above‐ and below‐ground properties like root density, diversity and geometry, soil structure, pore volume and acidity. Each combination of these properties can lead to a distinct scenario of dominating surface processes. The study of soil properties along a chronosequence of green alder (alnus viridis) encroachment on the Unteralptal in central Switzerland revealed that shrub encroachment changes soil and vegetation properties towards an increase of resistance to run‐off related erosion processes, but a decrease of slope stability against shallow landslides. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental study of CO2 injection in a simulated injection well: the MIRAGES experiment
Authors: Sterpenich Jérôme , Jobard Emmanuel , El Hajj Hicham , Pironon Jacques , Randi Aurélien , Caumon Marie‐Camille 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe MIRAGES experiment mimics an injection well at the lab scale (1/20). This experiment allows the injection of supercritical CO2 under geological conditions of pressure and temperature. The injection flow rate, confinement and injection pressures and temperatures are recorded during the 30 days of the experiment. Chemical parameters (pH, major element contents) are also monitored. The reservoir is represented by a core sampled in the formation of Lavoux limestone. The core is drilled to form an injection well in which an injection tube (made of stainless steel) is sealed with class G Portland cement together with two discs of Callovo‐Oxfordian clay representing the caprock. After the experiment, the core sample is studied to follow the petrophysical changes of the well materials and rocks. The interfaces between the reservoir, caprock, cement, and steel are investigated using scanning electron microscopy, cathodoluminescence, and Raman spectrometry. The main results suggest (i) good cohesion of the different interfaces despite the carbonation of the cement, (ii) the precipitation of different carbonate phases relating the changes in the chemistry of solution as a function of time, (iii) the enrichment in silica of the cement phase subjected to the action of CO2 providing evidence of new mechanisms of in situ silica re‐condensation, and (iv) the very good mechanical and chemical behavior of the caprock clay despite the alkaline flux from the cement and the acidic attack from the dissolved CO2.
Carotid stent deformation: Sonographic findings and CT correlation
Authors: Millet John D. , Stilp Erik , Kirsch Jonathan D. , Gunabushanam Gowthaman , Mena Carlos , Pollak Jeffrey , Scoutt Leslie M. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTCarotid artery dissection is a rare but potentially serious complication of endovascular procedures in the carotid arteries. Stent deformation or incomplete expansion may occur following endovascular repair of an iatrogenic carotid artery dissection and may mimic stent fracture. We report an unusual case of deformation of a common carotid artery open cell design stent following endovascular repair of an iatrogenic dissection, which resulted in persistent blood flow between the stent and the wall of the common carotid artery. Sonographic features are described and correlation with intravascular ultrasound and CT is provided. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 42:313–317, 2014
Team Effectiveness Theory from Industrial and Organizational Psychology Applied to Engineering Student Project Teams: A Research Review
Authors: Borrego Maura , Karlin Jennifer , McNair Lisa D. , Beddoes Kacey 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundEngineering student team projects are frequently used to meet professional learning outcomes. Industrial and organizational psychologists study teams in the industry settings for which we prepare students, yet this research does not effectively inform engineering education.PurposeThis research review sought to demonstrate the relevance of literature on teams literature from industrial and organizational psychology to engineering education and to identify implications for practice and future directions for research.Scope/MethodPhase 1 systematically reviewed 104 articles published from 2007 to 2012 describing engineering and computer science student team projects and sought to answer the following questions: What professional learning outcomes have been met by team projects? What negative student team behaviors have faculty sought to minimize? What literature has been used to inform development of teamwork outcomes? Phase 2 reviewed five team effectiveness constructs selected according to the results of Phase 1: social loafing, interdependence, conflict, trust, and shared mental models. Examples from Phase 1 articles and our own work explain how this research informs facilitation and assessment of engineering student teams.ConclusionsEngineering faculty sought to achieve a variety of outcomes through team projects, including teamwork, communication, sustainability, and consideration of global/societal design context. They sought to avoid social loafing and conflict while building trust to ensure equal team effort. That few Phase 1 articles engaged the literature about team effectiveness indicates there is great opportunity to apply industrial and organizational psychology research to engineering education.
Association of hospitalist presence and hospital‐level outcome measures among medicare patients
Authors: Jungerwirth Robert , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Paul John E. 
Published: November 2013

BACKGROUNDHospitalists have been shown to lower patient costs through better resource utilization and decreased length of stay, but it is unclear whether hospitalists are associated with quality of care. We examined the association between the presence of hospitalists and 30‐day predicted excess all‐cause hospital mortality and readmissions among Medicare patients admitted to a hospital with any of 3 conditions: heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, and pneumonia.METHODSUsing national hospital‐level, case mix‐adjusted, risk‐standardized, 30‐day all‐cause excess mortality and readmission data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, we used descriptive and bivariate statistics to illustrate trends across hospitals. Using multivariable ordinary least squares regression to control for hospital‐level characteristics, we then estimated the association between the presence of hospitalists and predicted hospital mortality and readmission.RESULTSAfter multivariable adjustment, the presence of hospitalists was associated with lower probability of readmission for all 3 target conditions. No significant associations for any of the target conditions were found in all‐cause mortality models.CONCLUSIONSHospitalists are already integral to the delivery of inpatient care at most institutions. This study, however, showed an association at the national level of the presence of hospitalists with an important and timely quality measure: reduction of readmission rates. Future research is indicated to explore specific causation pathways for the impact of hospitalists on quality of care. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2014;9:1–6. © 2013 Society of Hospital Medicine
Radiation therapy for advanced and metastatic melanoma
Authors: Fogarty Gerald B. , Hong Angela 
Published: November 2013

AbstractRadiation therapy (RT) is an important modality in cancer treatment. However, the general perception is that melanoma is radio‐resistant. High quality clinical trials are helping to establish the place of RT in select scenarios of advanced disease at primary, regional, and distant sites. New RT techniques need to be integrated with effective new systemic therapies within a multidisciplinary environment to ensure optimum patient outcomes. It is important that radiation oncologists embrace this opportunity. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:370–375. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of aging on hypopharyngeal safe volume and the aerodigestive reflexes protecting the airways
Authors: Dua Kulwinder S. , Surapaneni Sri Naveen , Kuribayashi Shiko , Hafeezullah Mohammed , Shaker Reza 
Published: November 2013

Objectives/HypothesisStudies on young volunteers have shown that aerodigestive reflexes are triggered before the maximum volume of fluid that can safely collect in the hypopharynx before spilling into the larynx is exceeded (hypopharyngeal safe volume [HPSV]). The objective of this study was to determine the influence of aging on HPSV and pharyngo‐glottal closure reflex (PGCR), pharyngo‐UES contractile reflex (PUCR), and reflexive pharyngeal swallow (RPS).Study DesignComparison between two groups of different age ranges.MethodsTen young (25 ± 3 standard deviation [SD] years) and 10 elderly (77 ± 3 SD years) subjects were studied. PGCR, PUCR, and RPS were elicited by perfusing water into the pharynx rapidly and slowly. HPSV was determined by abolishing RPS with pharyngeal anesthesia.ResultsFrequency–elicitation of PGCR and PUCR were significantly lower in the elderly compared to the young during slow water perfusion (47% vs. 97% and 40% vs. 90%, respectively, P < .001). RPS was absent in five of the 30 (17%) slow injections in the elderly group. In these elderly subjects, HPSV was exceeded and laryngeal penetration of the water was seen. The threshold volume to elicit PGCR, PUCR, and RPS was significantly lower than the HPSV during rapid injections. Except for RPS, these volumes were also significantly lower than HPSV during slow injections.ConclusionsPGCR, PUCR, and RPS reflexes are triggered at a threshold volume significantly lower than the HPSV in both young and elderly subjects. Lower frequency–elicitation of PGCR, PUCR, and RPS in the elderly can predispose them to the risks of aspiration.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 124:1862–1868, 2014
Etiology, diagnosis, and management of facial palsy: 2000 patients at a facial nerve center
Authors: Hohman Marc H. , Hadlock Tessa A. 
Published: November 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo evaluate the range and incidence of facial palsy etiologies in cases presenting to a tertiary facial nerve center, and to review the broad and evolving spectrum of diagnostic and management approaches to the condition.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsRecords of patients referred for facial weakness between 2003 and 2013 were reviewed for cases of facial palsy. Cases of muscle dysfunction and primary hemifacial spasm were excluded. The remainder were analyzed by age, sex, and diagnosis. Diagnostic and treatment strategies were reviewed.ResultsThere were 1,989 records that met inclusion criteria. Bell's palsy accounted for 38% of cases, acoustic neuroma resections 10%, cancer 7%, iatrogenic injuries 7%, varicella zoster 7%, benign lesions 5%, congenital palsy 5%, Lyme disease 4%, and other causes 17%. Sixty‐one percent of patients were female. Mean age at presentation was 44.5 years (±18.6 years). Diagnoses were revealed primarily by history, though serial physical examinations, radiography, and hematologic testing also contributed. Management strategies included observation, physical therapy, pharmacological therapy, chemodenervation, facial nerve exploration, decompression, repair, and the full array of static and dynamic surgical interventions.ConclusionsBell's palsy remains the most common facial palsy; females present more often for evaluation. Comprehensive diagnostic investigation is mandatory in atypical cases, and thorough management must be multidisciplinary. The algorithms presented herein outline a single center's approach to the facial palsy patient, providing a framework that clinicians caring for these patients may adapt to their specific settings.Level of Evidence2b Laryngoscope, 124:E283–E293, 2014
Tumor‐Targeted Redox‐Responsive Nonviral Gene Delivery Nanocarriers Based on Neutral‐Cationic Brush Block Copolymers
Authors: Li Yang , Liu Tao , Zhang Guoying , Ge Zhishen , Liu Shiyong 
Published: November 2013

Novel neutral‐cationic brush block copolymer, poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether methacrylate‐co‐folic acid methacrylate]‐b‐poly[2‐(2‐(2‐(2‐bromo‐2‐methylpropanoyloxy)‐ethyl) disulfanyl) ethyl methacrylate‐g‐2‐dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate], P(OEGMA‐co‐FAMA)‐b‐P(BSSMA‐g‐PDMAEMA), is synthesized via consecutive controlled radical polymerizations. Containing disulfide linkages bridging backbone and side chains in the cationic brush block and cancer cell‐targeting ligands (folic acid) in the neutral hydrophilic block, the diblock copolymer is employed as a tumor‐targeted redox‐responsive degradable nonviral gene delivery vector. P(OEGMA‐co‐FAMA)‐b‐P(BSSMA‐g‐PDMAEMA) brush block copolymers can condense plasmid DNA (pDNA) efficiently via the formation of electrostatic polyplex micelles. Under reductive milieu, pDNA can be released due to the cleavage of disulfide linkages and accordingly pDNA‐binding cationic PDMAEMA side chains. In addition, the brush block copolymer exhibits low cytotoxicity and the corresponding polyplex micelles show relatively high gene transfection efficiency.
image
Ionic Supramolecular Networks Fully Based on Chemicals Coming from Renewable Sources
Authors: Aboudzadeh Ali , Fernandez Mercedes , Muñoz Maria Eugenia , Santamaría Antxon , Mecerreyes David 
Published: November 2013

New supramolecular ionic networks are synthesized by proton transfer reaction between a bio‐based fatty diamine molecule (Priamine 1074) and a series of naturally occurring carboxylic acids such as malonic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, and 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid. The resulting solid soft material exhibits a thermoreversible transition becoming a viscoelastic liquid at high temperatures. All the networks show an elastic behavior at low temperatures/high frequencies, with elastic modulus values ranging from 4.5 × 106 to 4.5 × 107 Pa and soft network to liquid transitions Tnl between −10 and 60 °C. The supramolecular ionic network based on cationic Priamine 1074 and anionic citrate shows promising self‐healing properties at room temperature as well as relatively high ionic conductivity values close to 10−6 S cm−1.
image
MALDI of synthetic polymers with labile end‐groups
Authors: Charles Laurence 
Published: November 2013

AbstractMass spectrometry is increasingly used in the field of synthetic polymers as a fast and accurate technique for end‐group analysis. More particularly, matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) has gained much popularity because it allows quite simple mass spectra to be obtained, displaying a single distribution for each polymeric species present in the sample, in contrast to electrospray ionization (ESI) which readily promotes multiple charging for most polymers. A soft ionization process, ensuring the integrity of the species upon transfer into gas phase ions, is however mandatory for polymer end‐group analysis since information about the chain terminations mainly rely on the m/z values measured for polymer adducts. As compared to ESI, MALDI is sometimes suspected to be a quite “hard” ionization technique, leading to spontaneous dissociation of ionized species either in the source or during their flight time. This issue is of particular concern for polymers carrying so‐called fragile end‐groups arising from their mode of synthesis. In particular, controlled radical polymerization (CRP) processes, one of the most important advances in the field of polymer science during the last 20 years, allow the production of polymers with well‐defined molecular distribution and low polydispersities, but they are all based on the low dissociation energy of the chemical bond between the last monomer and the terminating group. As a result, if macromolecules are activated while being ionized, this end‐group is prone to fragmentation and ions measured in the mass spectra do no longer reflect the original chain composition. However, different results are reported in the literature about the ability of MALDI to generate intact ions from CRP synthetic polymers. This article reviews MALDI MS data reported for synthetic polymers produced by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), reversible addition‐fragmentation transfer polymerization (RAFT), and nitroxide‐mediated polymerization (NMP), the three most studied CRP techniques. The general principle of each polymerization process, which defines the structure of the end‐groups in both targeted macromolecules and species arising from eventual side‐reactions, is first briefly presented. An overview of MALDI data reported for samples obtained upon polymerization of different monomers are then commented for each polymerization techniques with regards to the success of the ionization method to generate intact cationic adducts and its propensity to distinguish in‐source fragments from polymerization side‐products. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 33: 523–543, 2014.