bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Framing the tectonic regime of the NE Iberian Variscan segment
Authors: Carreras Jordi , Druguet Elena 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Variscan massifs of NE Iberia occur along the Pyrenees, Catalan Coastal Ranges, Iberian Range and Minorca. Despite the effects of the Alpine cycle, which involve localized reworking, tilting, translation of basement units and blocks drifting, the Variscan evolution can be reconstructed. Geological features evidence significant differences across the zones in the north, with high-grade metamorphic rocks, structural domes and syntectonic plutons more internal than the zones in the south, where unmetamorphosed and low-grade rocks are present along with undeformed late- to post-tectonic plutons. This setting contradicts existing schemas where this part of the Variscan belt is located in an external foreland. Variscan structures evidence bulk transpression gradually evolving from a NNW–SSE-directed crustal shortening to NW–SE wrench-dominated tectonics. The low-pressure–high-temperature (LP/HT) metamorphic peak and magmatism coincide with the latest stages of the NNW–SSE event. There is no field evidence based on penetrative structures for a widespread late orogenic extensional collapse.
Softα-Open Sets and Softα-Continuous Functions
Authors: Akdag Metin , Ozkan Alkan 
Published: February 2014

We introduce softα-sets on soft topological spaces and study some of their properties. We also investigate the concepts of softα-continuous and softα-open functions and discuss their relationships with soft continuous and other weaker forms of soft continuous functions. Also counterexamples are given to show the noncoincidence of these functions.Corrigendum to “Soft α-Open Sets and Soft α-Continuous Functions”
Cigarette Smoking, Physical Activity, and Alcohol Consumption as Predictors of Cancer Incidence among Women at High Risk of Breast Cancer in the NSABP P-1 Trial
Authors: Land Stephanie R. , Liu Qing , Wickerham D. Lawrence , Costantino Joseph P. , Ganz Patricia A. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBackground: NSABP P-1 provides an opportunity to examine the association of behavioral factors with prospectively monitored cancer incidence and interactions with tamoxifen.Methods: From 1992 to 1997, 13,388 women with estimated 5-year breast cancer risk greater than 1.66% or a history of lobular carcinoma in situ (87% younger than age 65; 67% postmenopausal) were randomly assigned to tamoxifen versus placebo. Invasive breast cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, and endometrial cancer were analyzed with Cox regression. Predictors were baseline cigarette smoking, leisure-time physical activity, alcohol consumption, and established risk factors.Results: At median 7 years follow-up, we observed 395, 66, 35, and 74 breast cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, and endometrial cancer, respectively. Women who had smoked were at increased risk of breast cancer (P = 0.007; HR = 1.3 for 15–35 years smoking, HR = 1.6 for ≥35 years), lung cancer (P &lt; 0.001; HR = 3.9 for 15–35 years, HR = 18.4 for ≥35 years), and colon cancer (P &lt; 0.001; HR = 5.1 for ≥35 years) versus never-smokers. Low activity predicted increased breast cancer risk only among women assigned to placebo (P = 0.021 activity main effect, P = 0.013 activity–treatment interaction; HR = 1.4 for the placebo group) and endometrial cancer among all women (P = 0.026, HR = 1.7). Moderate alcohol (&gt;0–1 drink/day) was associated with decreased risk of colon cancer (P = 0.019; HR = 0.35) versus no alcohol. There were no other significant associations between these behaviors and cancer risk.Conclusion: Among women with elevated risk of breast cancer, smoking has an even greater impact on breast cancer risk than observed in past studies in the general population.Impact: Women who smoke or are inactive should be informed of the increased risk of multiple types of cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(5); 823–32. ©2014 AACR.
Preclinical Pharmacological Evaluation of a Novel Multiple Kinase Inhibitor, ON123300, in Brain Tumor Models
Authors: Zhang Xiaoping , Lv Hua , Zhou Qingyu , Elkholi Rana , Chipuk Jerry E. , Reddy M.V. Ramana , Reddy E. Premkumar , Gallo James M. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
ON123300 is a low molecular weight multikinase inhibitor identified through a series of screens that supported further analyses for brain tumor chemotherapy. Biochemical assays indicated that ON123300 was a strong inhibitor of Ark5 and CDK4, as well as growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases such as β-type platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFRβ). ON123300 inhibited U87 glioma cell proliferation with an IC50 3.4 ± 0.1 μmol/L and reduced phosphorylation of Akt, yet it also unexpectedly induced Erk activation, both in a dose- and time-dependent manner that subsequently was attributed to relieving Akt-mediated C-Raf S259 inactivation and activating a p70S6K-initiated PI3K-negative feedback loop. Cotreatment with the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib produced synergistic cytotoxic effects. Pursuant to the in vitro studies, in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of ON123300 were completed in mice bearing intracerebral U87 tumors following intravenous doses of 5 and 25 mg/kg alone, and also at the higher dose concurrently with gefitinib. ON123300 showed high brain and brain tumor accumulation based on brain partition coefficient values of at least 2.5. Consistent with the in vitro studies, single agent ON123300 caused a dose-dependent suppression of phosphorylation of Akt as well as activation of Erk in brain tumors, whereas addition of gefitinib to the ON123300 regimen significantly enhanced p-Akt inhibition and prevented Erk activation. In summary, ON123300 demonstrated favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics, and future development for brain tumor therapy would require use of combinations, such as gefitinib, that mitigate its Erk activation and enhance its activity. Mol Cancer Ther; 13(5); 1105–16. ©2014 AACR.
Risk of Acute Kidney Injury After Percutaneous Coronary Interventions Using Radial Versus Femoral Vascular Access
Authors: Kooiman Judith , Seth Milan , Dixon Simon , Wohns David , LaLonde Thomas , Rao Sunil V. , Gurm Hitinder S. 
Published: February 2014

Background—
Transradial percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI [TRI]) does not involve catheter manipulation in the descending aorta, whereas transfemoral PCI (TFI) does. Therefore, the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) after PCI might be influenced by vascular access site. We compared risks of AKI and nephropathy requiring dialysis (NRD) among patients treated with TRI and TFI.

Methods and Results—
We included patients across 47 hospitals in Michigan. Primary end point was AKI (serum creatinine increase ≥0.5 mg/dL). Secondary end points were NRD and postprocedural bleeding. Odds ratios (OR) for study end points were calculated for the entire and propensity-matched population, reported as crude, and values adjusted for preprocedural calculated AKI risk. Between 2010 and 2012, a total of 82 225 PCI procedures were performed, of which 8915 were TRI. After adjustment, TRI was associated with a reduction in AKI (OR, 0.76, 95% confidence intervals [0.62–0.92]) and bleeding with a trend toward lower NRD risk. The propensity-matched population consisted of 8857 procedures per group. In this population, TRI was associated with lower adjusted odds of AKI (OR, 0.74; 95% confidence intervals [0.58–0.96]), and bleeding (OR, 0.47; 95% confidence intervals [0.36–0.63]), but no difference in NRD was observed. Although postprocedural bleeding was independently associated with AKI (OR, 2.86; 95% confidence intervals [1.75–4.66]) in the propensity-matched population, the lower odds of AKI was not mediated by a reduction in bleeding with TRI. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the observed association between access site and AKI could potentially be explained by a moderately strong unknown confounder.

Conclusions—
The risk of AKI was significantly lower after TRI compared with TFI. This finding needs to be evaluated in randomized controlled trials.
Use of Renin–Angiotensin System Blockers in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Bainey Kevin R. , Armstrong Paul W. , Fonarow Gregg C. , Cannon Christopher P. , Hernandez Adrian F. , Peterson Eric D. , Peacock W. Frank , Laskey Warren K. , Zhao Xin , Schwamm Lee H. , Bhatt Deepak L. 
Published: February 2014

Background—
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) initiated after myocardial infarction (MI) reduce mortality and are American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guideline recommended. Yet the extent to which ACEI/ARB therapy is applied in patients with acute coronary syndrome at hospital discharge is unclear.

Methods and Results—

We performed an observational analysis of 80 241 patients admitted with an acute coronary syndrome and discharged home from 311 US hospitals participating in the Get With the Guidelines-Coronary Artery Disease Program from January 2005 to December 2009. Among the 60 847 patients with an American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association class I indication (left ventricular dysfunction or medical history of heart failure, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or chronic kidney disease), 49 682 (81.7%) received ACEI/ARB with an increase in the rate of treatment over the study period (76.7%–84.6%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.10–1.24;
P
<0.001, per calendar year). In-hospital coronary artery bypass grafting and renal insufficiency were independently associated with lower use (adjusted odds ratio, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.48–0.63 and adjusted odds ratio, 0.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.52–0.64, respectively).

Conclusions—
Results from this large US national registry suggest that 1 in 5 eligible patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome failed to receive American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association class I guideline-recommended ACEI/ARB therapy, and the use varies by patient factors. In particular, the low likelihood of ACEI/ARB after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery or in patients with renal insufficiency raises concern. These findings highlight an unmet need in this population and provide an incentive for additional quality improvement efforts.
Legitimacy Concerns in Animal Advocacy Organizations during the Michael Vick Dogfighting Scandal
Authors: Badano Solange E. , Burgermeister Steven J. , Henne Sidney , Murphy Sean T. , Cole Benjamin M. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractUsing the quasi-experimental setting of the Michael Vick dogfighting case, the researchers employed rich interview content to explore the question, “When a critical event occurs in the animal advocacy field, what motivates advocacy groups to respond?” The investigation reveals that what was thought to be one critical event was in actualitythreeunique yet interrelated critical events—(1) the revelation of the transgressions; (2) the punishment of the perpetrator; and (3) the decision about whether to ally with the perpetrator in advocacy. The study shows that legitimacy concerns, occasionally paired with reflections on organizational identity, influenced the decision-making of advocacy organizations across all three critical events, as each held the potential either to legitimize or to delegitimize the advocacy organizations and/or the perpetrator (i.e., Vick).
The ‘General Intellect’ in the Grundrisse and Beyond
Authors: Smith Tony 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIn recent publications Paolo Virno and Carlo Vercellone have called attention to Marx’s category of the general intellect in theGrundrisse, and to the unprecedented role its diffusion plays in contemporary capitalism. According to Virno, the flourishing of the general intellect, which Marx thought could only take place within communism, characterises post-Fordist capitalism. Vercellone adds that Marx’s account of the real subsumption of living labour under capital is obsolete in contemporary cognitive capitalism. Both authors regard Marx’s value theory as historically obsolete. I argue that these views rest on a confusion of value and wealth, a neglect of Marx’s account of the role of ‘free gifts’ to capital, an underestimation of the role of the general intellect in the period prior to the rise of post-Fordism/cognitive capitalism, and an underestimation of the restrictions on the diffusion of the general intellect in contemporary capitalism.
The Fiction of Economic Coercion: Political Marxism and the Separation of Theory and History
Authors: Rioux Sébastien 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe theory of social-property relations, or political Marxism, has argued that in contradistinction with pre-capitalist forms of exploitation, capitalism is characterised by the separation of the economic and the political, which makes surplus appropriation under this system uniquely driven by economic coercion. In spite of political Marxism’s various strengths, this article argues that the paradigm puts forward an ahistorical and sanitised conception of capitalism typical of bourgeois economics, which is an outcome of its formal-abstractionist approach to the concept of the mode of production and the separation between theory and history that it operates. A more satisfactory solution to political Marxism’s inability to make sense of past and present forms of coercion and violence under capitalism can be found in Jairus Banaji’s emphasis on Marx’s historical – rather than formal – conception of the mode of production.
A widely applicable plasma renin activity assay by LC-MS/MS with offline solid phase extraction
Authors: Owen Laura J , Adaway Joanne , Morris Karen , Lockhart Stephen , Keevil Brian G 
Published: February 2014

Background The measurement of plasma renin activity using LC-MS/MS is an attractive alternative to radioimmunoassay techniques. A published method for renin activity by LC-MS/MS uses equipment that is not available in all LC-MS/MS laboratories. Here, we present an offline modification to allow users of LC-MS/MS to perform this analysis without specialist equipment. Methods Samples were prepared in duplicate and incubated for 6.5 h and 24 h. Solid phase extraction was performed offline using Waters Oasis MAX ion-exchange 96-well plate. A method comparison was performed between this assay and a previously published assay using on-line solid phase extraction. Results The offline method for plasma rennin activity gave similar results to the on-line method across the concentration range. Analytical performance was also found to be comparable and the use of a 24 h incubation for low samples was also deemed unnecessary. Discussion The method described is an acceptable alternative to a previously published assay which does not require the use of highly specialist equipment and will be applicable to the majority of LC-MS/MS users.
A systematic review of factors associated with accidental falls in people with multiple sclerosis: a meta-analytic approach
Authors: Giannì Costanza , Prosperini Luca , Jonsdottir Johanna , Cattaneo Davide 
Published: February 2014

Objective: To determine whether there are demographic, clinical, and instrumental variables useful to detect fall status of patients with multiple sclerosis. Data sources: PubMed and the Cochrane Library. Review methods: Eligible studies were identified by two independent investigators. Only studies having a clear distinction between fallers and non-fallers were included and meta-analysed. Odds ratios (ORs) and standard mean differences (SMDs) were calculated and pooled using fixed effect models. Results: Among 115 screened articles, 15 fulfilled criteria for meta-analyses, with a total of 2425 patients included. Proportion of fallers may vary from 30% to 63% in a time frame from 1 to 12 months. No significant publication bias was found, even though 12/15 studies relied on retrospective reports of falls, thus introducing recall biases. Risk factors for falls varied across studies, owing to heterogeneity of populations included and clinical instruments used. The meta-analytic approach found that, compared with non-fallers, fallers had longer disease duration (SMD = 0.14, p = 0.02), progressive course of disease (OR = 2.02, p < 0.0001), assistive device for walking (OR = 3.16, p < 0.0001), greater overall disability level (SMD = 0.74, p < 0.0001), slower walking speed (SMD = 0.45, p = 0.0005), and worse performances in balance tests (Berg Balance Scale: SMD = −0.48, p = 0.002; Timed up-and-go test, SMD = 0.31, p = 0.04), and force-platform measures (postural sway) with eyes opened (SMD = 0.71, p = 0.006) and closed (SMD = 0.83, p = 0.01), respectively. Conclusion: Elucidations regarding risk factors for accidental falls in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMs) are provided here, with worse disability score, progressive course, use of walking aid, and poorer performances in static and dynamic balance tests strongly associated with fall status.
Clinical feasibility of action observation training for walking function of patients with post-stroke hemiparesis: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Park Hye-Ryoung , Kim Jong-Man , Lee Moon-Kyu , Oh Duck-Won 
Published: February 2014

Objective: To identify the effects of action observation training (AOT) on the walking ability of subjects with post-stroke hemiparesis. Design: Randomized, single-blind, controlled pilot study. Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation hospital. Subjects: Twenty-one subjects with post-stroke hemiparesis were randomly allocated to either the experimental group (EG) or the control group (CG), with 11 and 10 patients, respectively. Interventions: The subjects in the EG and CG watched video clips demonstrating four functional walking tasks and showing different landscape images, respectively. All subjects subsequently performed the walking tasks (a total of 30 min, once a day, 3 times weekly for a 4-week period). Main measures: 10-m walk test, figure-of-8 walk test (time and steps), dynamic gait index (DGI), and gait symmetry score (swing and stance phases, and stride length) before and after the intervention. Results: The changes between the pre- and post-test values of the 10-m walk test (median [interquartile range], -5.10 [-15.80–-1.60] versus 0.00 [-6.60–4.06]), figure-of-8 walk test (time: -3.50 [-12.60–-2.00] versus -1.25 [-4.98–0.25]; steps:-5.00 [-8.00–-2.00] versus 0.00 [-3.25–0.25]), and DGI (4.00 [3.00–6.00] versus 1.00 [-4.00–3.00]) showed significant differences between the EG and CG ( p < 0.05). In the EG, the 10-m walk test, time and steps of figure-of-8 walk test, DGI, and gait symmetry score in the stance phase showed significant differences between pre- and post-test ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: The findings suggest that AOT can be beneficial in enhancing walking ability of patients with post-stroke hemiparesis, and may be clinically feasible as a practical adjunct to routine rehabilitation therapy. A power calculation on our data showed that 20 subjects in each group were required for further definitive studies.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Neuromuscular Training Programs in Reducing the Incidence of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Female Athletes
Authors: Stevenson J. Herbert , Beattie Chad S. , Schwartz Jennifer B. , Busconi Brian D. 
Published: February 2014

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are more common in female athletes because of anatomic and biomechanical factors. These injuries can have detrimental ramifications for the athlete and the health care system. Neuromuscular training programs have been designed to modify risk factors and prevent ACL injuries. Purpose: This systematic review evaluates studies that assess the effectiveness of neuromuscular training programs in reducing ACL injuries in female athletes and provides an update to 2 previously published reviews. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: Medline, Cochrane, and CINAHL databases were searched for relevant journal articles published from 1995 to 2011. We performed a manual review of relevant articles, authors, and journals, including bibliographies from identified articles. Ten studies were included in this review. Results: Only 2 studies demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in ACL injuries with neuromuscular training programs. Two additional studies showed a statistically significant decrease in subgroup analyses only. Four studies did show a trend toward reduced ACL injuries with neuromuscular training programs but were unable to achieve statistical significance. Neuromuscular training programs utilizing plyometric exercises and a preseason component were the most beneficial. Two studies actually showed an increase in injuries with intervention programs. Conclusion: Neuromuscular training programs may be a useful adjunct to training, but current literature precludes our universal recommendation of them.
Validation of a disease-specific health-related quality of life measure in adult Italian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: LupusQoL-IT
Authors: Conti F , Perricone C , Reboldi G , Gawlicki M , Bartosiewicz I , Pacucci VA , Massaro L , Miranda F , Truglia S , Alessandri C , Spinelli FR , Teh L-S , Ceccarelli F , Valesini G 
Published: February 2014

Objective The objective of this paper is to assess the validity of a linguistically validated version of the Lupus Quality of Life (LupusQoL©) in Italian patients affected by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Consecutive SLE patients completed the Italian version of the LupusQoL© and the Short Form (SF)-36. Disease activity was evaluated by the SLE disease activity Index-2000 (SLEDAI-2 K), and chronic damage by the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College Rheumatology (ACR) Damage Index score (SDI). Internal consistency and test-retest reliability, convergent and discriminant validity were examined. Factor analysis with varimax rotation was performed. Results A total of 117 Italian SLE patients (M:F 13:104; mean age 40.6 ± 11.6 years, mean disease duration 127.5 ± 94.1 months) were recruited into the study. The Italian version of the LupusQoL© demonstrated substantial evidence of convergent validity in these patients when compared with equivalent items of the SF-36. In addition, the LupusQoL© discriminated between patients with different degrees of disease activity as measured by the SLEDAI-2 K. SLE patients with higher disease activity (SLEDAI-2K ≥4) showed poor QoL compared with those with lower disease activity (SLEDAI-2K <4), with significant differences in the domains of physical health, planning, burden to others and fatigue ( p = 0.001, p = 0.04, p = 0.03, p = 0.04, respectively). The confirmatory factor analysis using the eight domain loadings of the 34 items showed a poor fit (χ2/degree of freedom (df) 2.26, χ2 = 1128.6 ( p < 0.001), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.167; goodness-of-fit index (GFI) = 0.606, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.649)). Screeplot analysis suggested a five-factor loading structure and confirmatory factor analysis result of which is similar to the eight-factor model. A good internal consistency was observed (Cronbach’s α 0.89–0.91). Test-retest reliability was good to excellent between baseline and day 15 (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.90–0.98). Conclusion The Italian version of the LupusQoL© is a valid tool for adult patients with SLE.