bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated measurements for individualized heart rate correction of the QT interval
Authors: Mason Jay W , Moon Thomas E 
Published: January 2015

Background: Subject-specific electrocardiographic QT interval correction for heart rate is often used in clinical trials with frequent electrocardiographic recordings. However, in these studies relatively few 10-s, 12-lead electrocardiograms may be available for calculating the individual correction. Highly automated QT and RR measurement tools have made it practical to measure electrocardiographic intervals on large volumes of continuous electrocardiogram data. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an automated method can be used in lieu of a manual method. Methods: In 49 subjects who completed all treatments in a four-armed crossover study we compared two methods for derivation of individualized rate-correction coefficients: manual measurement on 10-s electrocardiograms and automated measurement of QT and RR during continuous 24-h electrocardiogram recordings. The four treatments, received by each subject in a latin-square randomization sequence were placebo, moxifloxacin, and two doses of an investigational drug. Results: Analysis of continuous electrocardiogram data yielded a lower standard deviation of QT:RR regression values than the manual method, though the differences were not statistically significant. The within-subject and within-treatment coefficients of variation between the manual and automated methods were not significantly different. Corrected QT values from the two methods had similar rates of true and false positive identification of moxifloxacin’s QT prolonging effect. Conclusion: An automated method for individualized rate correction applied to continuous electrocardiogram data could be advantageous in clinical trials, as the automated method is simpler, is based upon a much larger volume of data, yields similar results, and requires no human over-reading of the measurements.
A multicenter randomized open-label study of rituximab plus rhTPO vs rituximab in corticosteroid-resistant or relapsed ITP
Authors: Zhou Hai , Xu Miao , Qin Ping , Zhang Hai-yan , Yuan Cheng-lu , Zhao Hong-guo , Cui Zhong-guang , Meng Yue-sheng , Wang Lei , Zhou Fang , Wang Xin , Li Da-qi , Bi Ke-hong , Zhu Chuan-sheng , Guo Cheng-shan , Chu Xiao-xia , Wu Qing-chao , Liu Xin-guang , Dong Xiao-yuan , Li Jie , Peng Jun , Hou Ming 
Published: January 2015

Key Points
Rituximab plus recombinant human thrombopoietin is superior to rituximab monotherapy for corticosteroid-resistant or relapsed ITP patients.
Pomalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone in multiple myeloma with deletion 17p and/or translocation (4;14): IFM 2010-02 trial results
Authors: Leleu Xavier , Karlin Lionel , Macro Margaret , Hulin Cyrille , Garderet Laurent , Roussel Murielle , Arnulf Bertrand , Pegourie Brigitte , Kolb Brigitte , Stoppa Anne Marie , Brechiniac Sabine , Marit Gerald , Thielemans Beatrice , Onraed Brigitte , Mathiot Claire , Banos Anne , Lacotte Laurence , Tiab Mourad , Dib Mamoun , Fuzibet Jean-Gabriel , Petillon Marie Odile , Rodon Philippe , Wetterwald Marc , Royer Bruno , Legros Laurence , Benboubker Lotfi , Decaux Olivier , Escoffre-Barbe Martine , Caillot Denis , Fermand Jean Paul , Moreau Philippe , Attal Michel , Avet-Loiseau Herve , Facon Thierry 
Published: January 2015

Key Points
Pom-Dex is active and well tolerated in adverse cytogenetic patients with early RRMM, particularly in those with del(17p). Pom-Dex prolonged OS in adverse cytogenetic patients with early RRMM.
On rigid derivations in rings
Authors: Artemovych O.D. , Lukashenko M.P. 
Published: January 2015

We prove that in a ring $R$ with an identity there exists an element $a\in R$ and a nonzero derivation $d\in Der R$ such that $ad(a)\neq 0$. A ring $R$ is said to be a $d$-rigid ring for some derivation $d \in Der R$ if $d(a)=0$ or $ad(a)\neq 0$ for all $a \in R$. We study rings with rigid derivations and establish that a commutative Artinian ring $R$ either has a non-rigid derivation or $R=R_1\oplus \cdots \oplus R_n$ is a ring direct sum of rings $R_1,\ldots ,R_n$ every of which is a field or a differentially trivial $v$-ring. The proof of this result is based on the fact that in a local ring $R$ with the nonzero Jacobson radical $J(R)$, for any derivation $d\in Der R$ such that $d(J(R))=0$, it follows that $d=0_R$ if and only if the quotient ring $R/J(R)$ is differentially trivial field.
Наближення модулярних інваріантів, періодів та значень двох еліптичних функцій Якобі
Authors: Barabash G.M. , Kholyavka Ya.M. 
Published: January 2015

Нехай $sn_i (z)$, $i=1,2,$ $-$ алгебраїчно незалежні еліптичні функції Якобі. Отримано оцінку сумісного наближення модулярних інваріантів цих функцій, їх періодів, довільного числа $\alpha$ та значень кожної з цих функцій в періодах іншої та в точці $\alpha$.
Problem with two-point conditions for parabolic equation of second order on time
Authors: Symotyuk M.M. , Tymkiv I.R. 
Published: January 2015

The correctness of the problem with two-point conditions on time variable and Dirichlet-type conditions on spetial coordinates for the linear parabolic equations are established. The metric theorem about estimate from below of small denominators of the problem is proved.
Can the Site-Frequency Spectrum Distinguish Exponential Population Growth from Multiple-Merger Coalescents?
Authors: Eldon Bjarki , Birkner Matthias , Blath Jochen , Freund Fabian 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe ability of the site-frequency spectrum (SFS) to reflect the particularities of gene genealogies exhibiting multiple mergers of ancestral lines as opposed to those obtained in the presence of population growth is our focus. An excess of singletons is a well-known characteristic of both population growth and multiple mergers. Other aspects of the SFS, in particular, the weight of the right tail, are, however, affected in specific ways by the two model classes. Using an approximate likelihood method and minimum-distance statistics, our estimates of statistical power indicate that exponential and algebraic growth can indeed be distinguished from multiple-merger coalescents, even for moderate sample sizes, if the number of segregating sites is high enough. A normalized version of the SFS (nSFS) is also used as a summary statistic in an approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) approach. The results give further positive evidence as to the general eligibility of the SFS to distinguish between the different histories.
Exercises Including Weight Vests and a Patient Education Program for Women With Osteopenia: A Feasibility Study of the OsteoACTIVE Rehabilitation Program
Authors: Hakestad Kari Anne , Torstveit Monica Klungland , Nordsletten Lars , Axelsson Åsa Christina , Risberg May Arna 
Published: January 2015

Study Design Prospective case series with 1-year follow-up. Objectives The primary aim was to describe the OsteoACTIVE rehabilitation program and evaluate its feasibility in terms of progression, adherence, and adverse events in patients with low bone mineral density (BMD) and a healed forearm fracture. The secondary aim was to assess changes in measures of function and quality of life. Background Previous studies have shown benefits of weight-bearing activities, resistance exercises, and balance and coordination training for women with low BMD and older adults. However, no studies, to our knowledge, have described or examined a rehabilitation program combining the use of weight vests and patient education in patients with low BMD. Methods Forty-two postmenopausal women with osteopenia and a healed forearm fracture attended the OsteoACTIVE program for 6 months (3 sessions of 60 minutes per week). Feasibility was assessed by documenting training progression (load and exercises), program adherence (aiming for greater than 80%), and adverse events (joint pain, muscle soreness, and falls). Secondary measures included quadriceps strength, BMD, dynamic balance, walking ability, and self-report functional outcome measures. All outcome measures were recorded preintervention (baseline), postintervention, and at 1-year follow-up. Results Thirty-five women (83%) completed the 6-month program and 31 women (74%) attended all the follow-up measurement sessions. All participants progressed during the rehabilitation program for both load and type of exercises. Furthermore, 87% of the participants met the a priori goal of 80% adherence, and no participants reported adverse events. Improvements in quadriceps strength and BMD of the femoral trochanter were noted at the end of the 6-month training period (P<.05). At 1-year follow-up, there were significant improvements in quadriceps strength and dynamic balance compared to baseline (P<.05). Conclusion The OsteoACTIVE rehabilitation program was feasible and achieved progression of training level, had high adherence, and had no adverse events. Positive improvements were established in lower extremity function and femoral trochanter BMD. Clinical trial registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01357278). Level of Evidence Therapy, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(2):97–105. Epub 10 Jan 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.4842
Scapular Muscle Performance in Individuals With Lateral Epicondylalgia
Authors: Day Joseph M. , Bush Heather , Nitz Arthur J. , Uhl Tim L. 
Published: January 2015

Study Design Descriptive, laboratory-based, cross-sectional study. Objectives To describe scapular musculature strength, endurance, and change in thickness in individuals with unilateral lateral epicondylalgia (LE) compared to the uninvolved limb and the corresponding limb of a matched comparison group. Background Reported poor long-term outcomes for the nonsurgical management of individuals with LE suggest a less-than-optimal rehabilitation process. Knowledge of scapular muscle function in a working population of individuals with LE may help to further refine conservative management of this condition. Methods Twenty-eight patients with symptomatic LE and 28 controls matched by age and sex were recruited to participate in the study. Strength of the middle trapezius (MT), lower trapezius (LT), and serratus anterior (SA) was measured with a handheld dynamometer. A scapular isometric muscle endurance task was performed in prone. Changes in muscle thickness of the SA and LT were measured with ultrasound imaging. Analysis-of-variance models were used to determine within- and between-group differences. Results The involved side of the group with LE had significantly lower values for MT strength (P = .031), SA strength (P<.001), LT strength (P = .006), endurance (P = .003), and change in SA thickness (P = .028) when compared to the corresponding limb of the control group. The involved side of the group with LE had significantly lower strength of the LT (P = .023) and SA (P = .016) when compared to the uninvolved limb; however, these differences were small and of potentially limited clinical significance. Conclusion When compared to a matched comparison group, there were impairments of scapular musculature strength and endurance in patients with LE, suggesting that the scapular musculature should be assessed and potentially treated in this population. Cause and effect cannot be established, as the weakness of the scapular musculature could be a result of LE. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(5):414–424. Epub 10 Jan 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.5290
La relation entre mobilisation collective, engagement multiple et intention de quitter des consultants. Le cas d'une SSII
Authors: Fablet Anne , Serval Sarah , Zeller Christelle 
Published: January 2015

Les SSII font face à une problématique de taille : fidéliser les consultants pour faire face à un taux de turnover élevé. Fonctionnant en équipesprojets, les SSII doivent également les mobiliser collectivement. Pour répondre à ce double enjeu, nous étudions en quoi l’engagement multiple permet d’affiner la compréhension du lien entre mobilisation collective et intention de quitter dans les SSII.
Defining CD4 T Cell Memory by the Epigenetic Landscape of CpG DNA Methylation
Authors: Komori H. Kiyomi , Hart Traver , LaMere Sarah A. , Chew Pamela V. , Salomon Daniel R. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractMemory T cells are primed for rapid responses to Ag; however, the molecular mechanisms responsible for priming remain incompletely defined. CpG methylation in promoters is an epigenetic modification, which regulates gene transcription. Using targeted bisulfite sequencing, we examined methylation of 2100 genes (56,000 CpGs) mapped by deep sequencing of T cell activation in human naive and memory CD4 T cells. Four hundred sixty-six CpGs (132 genes) displayed differential methylation between naive and memory cells. Twenty-one genes exhibited both differential methylation and gene expression before activation, linking promoter DNA methylation states to gene regulation; 6 of 21 genes encode proteins closely studied in T cells, whereas 15 genes represent novel targets for further study. Eighty-four genes demonstrated differential methylation between memory and naive cells that correlated to differential gene expression following activation, of which 39 exhibited reduced methylation in memory cells coupled with increased gene expression upon activation compared with naive cells. These reveal a class of primed genes more rapidly expressed in memory compared with naive cells and putatively regulated by DNA methylation. These findings define a DNA methylation signature unique to memory CD4 T cells that correlates with activation-induced gene expression.
Putative Immunogenicity Expression Profiling Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells and Derivatives
Authors: Awe Jason P. , Gschweng Eric H. , Vega-Crespo Agustin , Voutila Jon , Williamson Mary H. , Truong Brian , Kohn Donald B. , Kasahara Noriyuki , Byrne James A. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Autologous human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) should allow cellular therapeutics without an associated immune response. This concept has been controversial since the original report that syngeneic mouse iPSCs elicited an immune response after transplantation. However, an investigative analysis of any potential acute immune responses in hiPSCs and their derivatives has yet to be conducted. In the present study, we used correlative gene expression analysis of two putative mouse “immunogenicity” genes, ZG16 and HORMAD1, to assay their human homologous expression levels in human pluripotent stem cells and their derivatives. We found that ZG16 expression is heterogeneous across multiple human embryonic stem cell and hiPSC-derived cell types. Additionally, ectopic expression of ZG16 in antigen-presenting cells is insufficient to trigger a detectable response in a peripheral blood mononuclear cell coculture assay. Neither of the previous immunogenicity-associated genes in the mouse currently appears to be relevant in a human context.
Predicting subgrid variability of soil water content from basic soil information
Authors: Qu W. , Bogena H. R. , Huisman J. A. , Vanderborght J. , Schuh M. , Priesack E. , Vereecken H. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractKnowledge of unresolved soil water content variability within model grid cells (i.e., subgrid variability) is important for accurate predictions of land‐surface energy and hydrologic fluxes. Here we derived a closed‐form expression to describe how soil water content variability depends on mean soil water content (σθ(<θ>)) using stochastic analysis of 1‐D unsaturated gravitational flow based on the van Genuchten‐Mualem (VGM) model. A sensitivity analysis showed that the n parameter strongly influenced both the shape and magnitude of the maximum of σθ(<θ>). The closed‐form expression was used to predict σθ(<θ>) for eight data sets with varying soil texture using VGM parameters obtained from pedotransfer functions that rely on available soil information. Generally, there was good agreement between observed and predicted σθ(<θ>) despite the obvious simplifications that were used to derive the closed‐form expression. Furthermore, the novel closed‐form expression was successfully used to inversely estimate the variability of hydraulic properties from observed σθ(<θ>) data.
Shock‐induced prompt relativistic electron acceleration in the inner magnetosphere
Authors: Foster J. C. , Wygant J. R. , Hudson M. K. , Boyd A. J. , Baker D. N. , Erickson P. J. , Spence H. E. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe present twin Van Allen Probes spacecraft observations of the effects of a solar wind shock impacting the magnetosphere on 8 October 2013. The event provides details both of the accelerating electric fields associated with the shock and the response of inner magnetosphere electron populations across a broad range of energies. During this period, the two Van Allen Probes observed shock effects from the vantage point of the dayside magnetosphere at radial positions of L = 3 and L = 5, at the location where shock‐induced acceleration of relativistic electrons occurs. The extended (~1 min) duration of the accelerating electric field across a broad extent of the dayside magnetosphere, coupled with energy‐dependent relativistic electron gradient drift velocities, selects a preferred range of energies (3–4 MeV) for the initial enhancement. Those electrons—whose drift velocity closely matches the azimuthal phase velocity of the shock‐induced pulse—stayed in the accelerating wave as it propagated tailward and received the largest increase in energy. Drift resonance with subsequent strong ULF waves further accentuated this range of electron energies. Phase space density and positional considerations permit the identification of the source population of the energized electrons. Observations detail the promptness (<20 min), energy range (1.5–4.5 MeV), energy increase (~500 keV), and spatial extent (L* ~3.5–4.0) of the enhancement of the relativistic electrons. Prompt acceleration by impulsive shock‐induced electric fields and subsequent ULF wave processes therefore comprises a significant mechanism for the acceleration of highly relativistic electrons deep inside the outer radiation belt as shown clearly by this event.
A possible mechanism for the formation of filamentous structures in magnetoplasmas by kinetic Alfvén waves
Authors: Chen L. , Wu D. J. , Zhao G. Q. , Tang J. F. , Huang J. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractDue to having strong anisotropy in their polarization state and spatial structure, it is believed that kinetic Alfvén waves (KAWs) can play an important role in various energization phenomena of plasma particles and the fine‐structure formation in magnetoplasma environments. The filamentous fine structures are a kind of the common density inhomogeneity phenomena in magnetoplasmas, and hence, the density gradient is one of the sources of free energy that can lead to KAWs instabilities. In this paper, based on the two‐fluid model in which ions and electrons are treated as separate fluids, we investigate the effect of density gradient inhomogeneous on the dispersion and instability of KAWs in a magnetoplasma. The results show that KAW instability can be excited effectively by the density gradient. Especially, both the real frequency ωR and the growth rate ωI of KAWs are dramatically dependent on the spatial position x in the presence of an inhomogeneous density gradient. The results also show that the real frequency increases with the characteristic spatial scale of inhomogeneity , while the growth rate of KAWs has a maximum in the growing ranges of . On the other hand, the excited KAWs are weakly dispersive with λekx<1. The results have potential importance for a better understanding of the microphysics of the filamentous fine‐structure formation since the phenomena of density gradient inhomogeneous are ubiquitous in various magnetoplasmas, such as in the laboratory plasma as well as in both the solar coronal and terrestrial auroral plasmas.
Electron densities inferred from plasma wave spectra obtained by the Waves instrument on Van Allen Probes
Authors: Kurth W. S. , De Pascuale S. , Faden J. B. , Kletzing C. A. , Hospodarsky G. B. , Thaller S. , Wygant J. R. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe twin Van Allen Probe spacecraft, launched in August 2012, carry identical scientific payloads. The Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science suite includes a plasma wave instrument (Waves) that measures three magnetic and three electric components of plasma waves in the frequency range of 10 Hz to 12 kHz using triaxial search coils and the Electric Fields and Waves triaxial electric field sensors. The Waves instrument also measures a single electric field component of waves in the frequency range of 10 to 500 kHz. A primary objective of the higher‐frequency measurements is the determination of the electron density ne at the spacecraft, primarily inferred from the upper hybrid resonance frequency fuh. Considerable work has gone into developing a process and tools for identifying and digitizing the upper hybrid resonance frequency in order to infer the electron density as an essential parameter for interpreting not only the plasma wave data from the mission but also as input to various magnetospheric models. Good progress has been made in developing algorithms to identify fuh and create a data set of electron densities. However, it is often difficult to interpret the plasma wave spectra during active times to identify fuh and accurately determine ne. In some cases, there is no clear signature of the upper hybrid band, and the low‐frequency cutoff of the continuum radiation is used. We describe the expected accuracy of ne and issues in the interpretation of the electrostatic wave spectrum.
Measurements of the changing wave velocities of sand during the formation and dissociation of disseminated methane hydrate
Authors: Sultaniya A. K. , Priest J. A. , Clayton C. R. I. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe formation and dissociation of methane hydrate within sediment can lead to large changes in wave velocities, which provide valuable insights into the processes involved in hydrate formation. These are of practical importance in geophysical characterization, as well as developing strategies for the future exploitation of methane hydrates. This paper presents changes in wave velocity, measured during hydrate formation, and subsequent dissociation, using the resonant column apparatus. Hydrate was formed under “drained” and “undrained” conditions. Drained specimens had free access to methane during formation, while for undrained specimens, methane content was fixed. Hydrate formation and dissociation were induced by changing the specimen temperature under constant effective stress. In excess of 20 determinations of shear wave and flexural wave velocity were carried out over a 9 h period, both during hydrate formation and dissociation. This time was sufficient to record almost all of the changes in wave velocity within a specimen. The exothermic nature of hydrate formation was clearly seen in the form of spikes in temperature measured at the base of the specimens. For all specimens, the relationship between wave velocity and degree of hydrate saturation was nonlinear and significantly different during formation and dissociation. The patterns observed suggest that hydrate morphology not only is important in controlling the ultimate wave velocities, at the end of formation, but has a significant impact on the rates of change of wave velocities during formation and dissociation. A conceptual model is presented to explain differences in observed behavior during formation and dissociation.