bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multicanonical Determination of the Symbol Error Ratio of WDM Polarization Multiplexed QPSK Systems
Authors: Soliman George , Yevick David 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe multicanonical method is applied to the calculation of the symbol error ratio (SER) as a function of the optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) at the receiver for a polarization multiplexed quadrature phase shift keying (PM-QPSK) wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) system. We improve upon previous calculations by including polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and subsequently verifying the numerical accuracy of our calculations. Our numerical studies demonstrate that acceptable accuracy can be achieved even when advancing the polarization through the fiber with relatively large propagation step lengths.
Preparation and X-ray structures of selected aminium thiosulfates
Authors: Dąbrowska Agnieszka , Chojnacki Jarosław 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Various types of aminium thiosulfates (1–6), including hydrates and mixed salts, have been obtained by the reaction of ammonium thiosulfate with amines. Tert-butylamine, cyclo-hexylamine and 1,6-diaminohexane gave crystals of (t-BuNH3)2S2O3·H2O (1), (c-C6H11NH3)2S2O3 (3) and {(NH4)2(H3NC6H12NH3)(S2O3)2} (6), respectively, which were investigated by X-ray structural analysis. Extensive hydrogen bonding of the N-H…O and N-H…S type is responsible for formation of alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic layers in the solid-state. In the case of (1), the layers are separated by strata of weak van der Waals interactions, while (3) consists of hydrogen-bonding stabilized rods along the b direction. The structure of (6) contains 3D covalent bonding plus hydrogen bonding networks with no separable substructures. Solubility and thermal decomposition are also briefly discussed.
IgE actions on CD4+ T cells, mast cells, and macrophages participate in the pathogenesis of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms
Authors: Wang Jing , Lindholt Jes S , Sukhova Galina K , Shi Michael A , Xia Mingcan , Chen Han , Xiang Meixiang , He Aina , Wang Yi , Xiong Na , Libby Peter , Wang Jian‐An , Shi Guo‐Ping 
Published: June 2014

AbstractImmunoglobulin E (IgE) activates mast cells (MCs). It remains unknown whether IgE also activates other inflammatory cells, and contributes to the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). This study demonstrates that CD4+ T cells express IgE receptor FcεR1, at much higher levels than do CD8+ T cells. IgE induces CD4+ T‐cell production of IL6 and IFN‐γ, but reduces their production of IL10. FcεR1 deficiency (Fcer1a−/−) protects apolipoprotein E‐deficient (Apoe−/−) mice from angiotensin‐II infusion‐induced AAAs and reduces plasma IL6 levels. Adoptive transfer of CD4+ T cells (but not CD8+ T cells), MCs, and macrophages from Apoe−/− mice, but not those from Apoe−/− Fcer1a−/− mice, increases AAA size and plasma IL6 in Apoe−/− Fcer1a−/− recipient mice. Biweekly intravenous administration of an anti‐IgE monoclonal antibody ablated plasma IgE and reduced AAAs in Apoe−/− mice. Patients with AAAs had significantly higher plasma IgE levels than those without AAAs. This study establishes an important role of IgE in AAA pathogenesis by activating CD4+ T cells, MCs, and macrophages and supports consideration of neutralizing plasma IgE in the therapeutics of human AAAs.
A positive feedback loop between RIP3 and JNK controls non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Gautheron Jérémie , Vucur Mihael , Reisinger Florian , Cardenas David Vargas , Roderburg Christoph , Koppe Christiane , Kreggenwinkel Karina , Schneider Anne Theres , Bartneck Matthias , Neumann Ulf Peter , Canbay Ali , Reeves Helen Louise , Luedde Mark , Tacke Frank , Trautwein Christian , Heikenwalder Mathias , Luedde Tom 
Published: June 2014

AbstractNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents the most common liver disease in Western countries and often progresses to non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) leading ultimately to liver fibrosis and liver cancer. The occurrence of hepatocyte cell death—so far characterized as hepatocyte apoptosis—represents a fundamental step from benign steatosis toward progressive steatohepatitis. In contrast, the function of RIP3‐dependent “necroptosis” in NASH and NASH‐induced fibrosis is currently unknown. We show that RIP3 is upregulated in human NASH and in a dietary mouse model of steatohepatitis. RIP3 mediates liver injury, inflammation, induction of hepatic progenitor cells/activated cholangiocytes, and liver fibrosis through a pathway suppressed by Caspase‐8. This function of RIP3 is mediated by a positive feedback loop involving activation of Jun‐(N)‐terminal Kinase (JNK). Furthermore, RIP3‐dependent JNK activation promotes the release of pro‐inflammatory mediators like MCP‐1, thereby attracting macrophages to the injured liver and further augmenting RIP3‐dependent signaling, cell death, and liver fibrosis. Thus, RIP3‐dependent necroptosis controls NASH‐induced liver fibrosis. This pathway might represent a novel and specific target for pharmacological strategies in patients with NASH.
HUBUNGAN MODAL SOSIAL DENGAN KESEJAHTERAAN EKONOMI KELUARGA DI DAERAH PERDESAAN JAMBI
Authors: - Suandi 
Published: June 2014

Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pengaruh modal sosial terhadap kesejahteraan ekonomi keluarga di daerah perdesaan Kabupaten Kerinci. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Kerinci dengan memilih dua kecamatan, yaitu: Kecamatan Keliling Danau, dan Kecamatan Batang Merangin. Waktu penelitian secara keseluruhan dilakukan dari bulan Juni sampai dengan bulan Nopember 2012. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 132 keluarga atau 10 persen dari populasi (1.316 keluarga) yang diambil secara berturut-turut dengan cara cluster, purposive, dan simple random sampling. Variabel penelitian: (1) kesejahteraan ekonomi keluarga (kesejahteraan objektif, dan kesejahteraan subjektif, dan (2) Modal sosial (asosiasi lokal dan karakter masyarakat). Analisis data menggunakan model Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) melalui program LISREL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modal sosial (asosiasi lokal dan karakter masyarakat) responden tergolong kuat. Mengacu kepada alokasi pengeluaran, tingkat ekonomi petani di daerah penelitian tergolong relatif kaya dengan distribusi keluarga yang tergolong pada kelompok sejahtera mencapai 78,8 persen, sedangkan kelompok miskin hanya 21,2 persen. Modal sosial (asosiasi lokal dan karakter masyarakat) baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung berpengaruh positif sangat nyata terhadap kesejahteraan ekonomi keluarga. The objectives of this study is to analyze the effect of social capital on family economic well-being in rural areas of Kerinci regency. The research design is cross sectional and was carried out in Batang Merangin and Keliling Danau districts from June to Nopember 2012. Variables used are social capital (local associations and community character), and family economic well-being both objective and subjective economic well-being. 132 household samples are chosen using cluster, purposive and random sampling methods. Data were collected using survay, indepth interview, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Descriptive, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) models were used for data analyzed. The results show that social capital (local associations and community character) contained in the study area as strong. Referring to the allocation of family expenditure, the economic level of family in the study area are relatively wealthy families with distributions belonging to the prosperous group reached 78.8 percent, while only the poor families as much as 21.2 percent. Social capital (local associations and community character) both directly and indirectly has a significant effect on family economic well-being.
POLITIK RELASI ETNIK: MATRILINEALITAS DAN ETNIK MINORITAS CINA DI PADANG, SUMATRA BARAT
Authors: Alfirdaus Laila Kholid , Hiariej Eric , Risakotta Farsijana Adeney 
Published: June 2014

Relasi etnik Minang dan etnik Cina di Padang, Sumatra Barat, menarik untuk dikaji. Melalui desk-study atas kajian Minang dan Cina, yang diperkuat dengan penelitian lapangan pada 2010 dan 2013 secara kualitatif dengan wawancara dan observasi, tulisan ini menemukan bahwa tidak cukup melihat relasi etnik Minang dan Cina dari perspektif ekonomi politik. Kita perlu memberikan perhatian terhadap faktor budaya dan budaya politik masyarakat Minang di Padang yang bercorak matrilineal. Jika literatur yang ada cenderung deterministik, menghasilkan dua pandangan yang secara ekstrem berbeda, yang dalam artikel ini disebut pandangan “manis” dan “sinis”, tulisan ini berargumen sebaliknya. Relasi etnik Minang dan etnik Cina tidak bisa secara buru-buru disebut “manis” hanya karena etnik Cina telah menetap dan berpartisipasi dalam kehidupan sosial ekonomi Padang sejak zaman penjajahan, atau karena Padang relatif minim kerusuhan dibandingkan kota lainnya. Demikian juga, ia tidak bisa serta merta dilihat secara “sinis” hanya karena segregasi sosial terlihat lebih kentara. Tulisan ini berargumen bahwa dua wajah yang secara bersamaan terjadi tidak lepas dari bentukan budaya Minang yang lekat dengan nilai-nilai matrilineal yang tertuang dalam ide feministik Bundo Kanduang Inter-etnic relations between Minang and Chinese in Padang, West Sumatra, that looks different compared to other societies in Indonesia is interesting to discuss. Through a desk study about Minang and Chinese, being strengthened with fieldworks in 2010 and 2013 using qualitative methods in which in-depth interview and non-participatory observations, this article found that political economy perspective being used to explain Minang-Chinese relations is not enough. We need to pay attention on culture and political culture of Minangkabau society in Padang, that is matrilineal in the nature. While the existing lieratures tend to strictly classify the relations into “sweet” and “cynical” (good and bad relations), this article argue the contrary. The relatively long encounter of Chinese with Minang in Padang as well as the less conflicts (mass violence) against Chinese compared to the other regions could not be simply categorized as “manis” (sweet relations). Similarly, we should not undermine the good relations between Minang and Chinese, existing in some ocassions merely as formalistic practices just because of segregation in Minang and Chinese’s residential areas. This article argues that the twocontrary but inseparable faces of Minang-Chinese’s relations are inseparable from the Minangkabau culture that is matrilineal in the nature, as manifested in Bundo Kanduang containing the idea of femininity.
WOMAN’S POSITION IN UNDOCUMENTED MARRIAGES
Authors: Arsal Thriwaty 
Published: June 2014

The term of undocumented marriage is only known in Muslim community in Indonesia. Undocumented marriage is a legal type of marriage based on Islam as long as it is meets the marriage’s legal requirements; however, it is diverge from the state rules because it is not registered in the authorized institution for marriage. A woman who married with this type of marriage, based on law and administration, has no clear identity before the state. It will make her difficult to have her right as a wife. Undocumented marriage will give weak position for children by law. In addition, women’s position in this type of marriage is the disadvantage object. Although undocumented marriage has negative impact especially on women and children; in Warurejo, however, this marriage is widely dispersed among the community. Research is conducted in Warurejo village, East Java using qualitative, quantitative and semantic approaches. Research result shows that the women’s position in this undocumented marriage is having discrimination, subordination, no bargaining power in the family, and susceptible for cervix cancer. They do not have any option for the future because it is determined by family, norm and value system prevailed in the community. Istilah nikah siri hanya dikenal pada masyarakat muslim Indonesia. Nikah siri adalah bentuk pernikahan yang sah secara agama Islam sepanjang memenuhi syarat sahnya pernikahan tapi dianggap menyimpang dari peraturan negara karena tidak terdaftar pada lembaga yang berwenang mengurusi masalah perkawinan. Perempuan yang nikah siri, secara catatan hukum atau administrasi tidak memiliki identitas yang jelas di hadapan negara. Sulit untuk mendapatkan hak-haknya sebagai seorang istri. Pernikahan siri berdampak pula pada kelemahan posisi anak secara hukum. Selain itu, posisi perempuan dalam nikah siri juga lebih banyak menjadi objek yang dirugikan. Walaupun nikah siri mempunyai dampak negatif khususnya terhadap perempuan dan anak tapi di Warurejo nikah siri begitu berkembang dan meluas pada masyarakat. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di desa Warurejo Jawa Timur dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, kuantitatif dan semantik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa posisi perempuan dalam menikah siri mengalami diskriminasi, subordinasi, tidak memiliki posisi tawar dalam keluarga, rentan terhadap kanker serviks. Perempuan tidak memiliki pilihan untuk menentukan masa depannya karena masa depannya ditentukan oleh keluarga dan norma dan sistem nilai yang berlaku pada masyarakat tersebut
JENANG MANCAWARNA SEBAGAI SIMBOL MULTIKULTURALISME MASYARAKAT JAWA
Authors: Baehaqie Imam 
Published: June 2014

Penulisan artikel ini ditujukan untuk menjelaskan makna warna-warna yang ada dalam jenang mancawarna ‘jenang banyak warna’. Jenang mancawarna atau yang juga dikenal dengan nama jenang pepak ‘jenang lengkap’ merupakan salah satu nama jenang dalam sesaji selamatan daur hidup masyarakat Jawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan etnolinguistik. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode observasi dan wawancara terhadap informan yang berdomisili di Kabupaten Wonogiri, Jawa Tengah. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa masyarakat Jawa memiliki pandangan mengenai multikulturalisme atau tergolong masyarakat yang multikulturalis karena empat warna dalam jenang tersebut memiliki makna semiotis antara lain bahwa seorang manusia hendaknya senantiasa menyadari dan menghargai perbedaan pemikiran para saudaranya yang berada di kiblat papat lima pancer ‘empat arah mata angin: timur, barat, utara, dan selatan’. This article seeks to explain the meanings of various colors of jenang mancawarna ‘multicolored jenang’. Jenang mancawarna is also known as jenang pepak ‘complete jenang’, a name of jenang in a celebration offerings of Javanese people. The research was conducted by using ethnolinguistics approach. The research was done through observation and interview in Wonogiri Regency, Central Java. The result of the research, Javanese people have unique views of multiculturalism as reflected in the four colours of Jenang. The colours have semiotic-meanings, that people ought to being aware and respect to different thinking of his connections who are bound in kiblat papat lima pancer ‘four directions: east, west, north, and south’.
On gastrointestinal nematodes of Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa)
Authors: Kuznetsov D. , Khrustalev A. , Batchimeg M. , Danzan G. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The species composition of nematodes found at autopsy of abomasa and small intestines of 24 Mongolian gazelles in Eastern Mongolia is studied. Orloffia bisonis, Marshallagia mongolica, Nematodirus archari, N. andreevi, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, T. probolurus were registered. N. archari and N. andreevi were detected in Mongolian gazelle for the first time. All species of gastrointestinal nematodes found in Mongolian gazelles have already been registered in domestic ruminants of Mongolia. The validity of Orloffia genus is confirmed based on our own observations and literature data. Orloffia is monotypic genus with the only species O. bisonis represented by two morphs where “O. bisonis” is major and “O. kasakhstanica” is minor.
Helminth community structure study on urban and forest blackbird (Turdus merula L.) populations in relation to seasonal bird migration on the south Baltic Sea coast (NW Poland)
Authors: Rząd I. , Sitko J. , Sałamatin R. , Wysocki D. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare helminth community structure of urban and forest blackbird populations. 24 helminth species in 98 blackbirds were found. Higher species richness was noted in the forest population of the blackbird (23 species) in comparison to the urban population (14 species). The response of the helminth fauna to a synanthropic habitat, contrary to a natural habitat, consists in a significant reduction in most parasitological parameters. Higher species richness has been noted in spring (17 species) than in autumn (14 species). Urban habitat, in contrast to the forest, may cause changes in the abundance of helminth communities in male and female blackbirds. The helminth fauna of nestlings, in spite of low species richness is characterized by a higher prevalence and intensity of infection in comparison to blackbirds feeding on their own. Helminth fauna of the blackbird seems to be a good indicator of environmental quality.
Serological survey for sparganum infection in people of central China
Authors: Wang Z. , Lin X. , Zhang H. , Xu B. , Zhang X. , Jiang P. , Cui J. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
During 2006–2008, twenty cases with sparganosis caused by eating live tadpoles emerged in Henan province, central China. To determine seroprevalence of anti-sparganum antibodies and obtain information about habits of eating live tadpoles and risks for sparganum infection, a serological survey was carried out in one village of Henan. Antisparganum IgG in 298 serum samples were assayed by ELISA using excretory and secretory (ES) antigens of Spirometra mansoni spargana. The results showed 56.71 % (169/298) of inhabitants had the history of eating live tadpoles. The overall seroprevalence was 5.7 % (17/298). The seroprevalence of the inhabitants who had the habit of eating tadpoles (9.47 %) was obviously higher than those who did not (0.78 %) (P < 0.01). Eating live tadpoles had become the most common risk behavior for sparganum infection. Hence, the comprehensive public health education should be carried out in endemic areas, and the habit of eating live tadpoles must be discouraged.
Infertility and assisted reproduction technologies through a gender lens
Authors: Davidová Karolína , Pechová Olga 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
We live in an era when increasing numbers of babies are conceived through assisted reproduction technologies (ART). Using a comprehensive approach, the present research seeks to contribute to the understanding of gender differences in experiencing and coping with infertility, and in dealing with ART treatment. Our sample consisted of 10 heterosexual couples aged 24 to 43 and the data were collected through semi-structured interviews. In the studied sample, gender differences existed not only in experiences of infertility, but also in understanding it, and in dealing with ART treatment. Responses to stress caused by infertility were stronger in women and they also perceived this stress more intensely than men. For women the central aspect of infertility was the desire for a child, while for men it was perceived more as a socially imposed obligation to fulfill the male role.
Unemployed, employed & care-giving mothers: Quality of partner & family relations
Authors: Wyrobková Adriana , Okrajek Petr 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
A retrospective ELSPAC study (N = 2756) compared three groups of mothers of three-year-old children: 1) employed, 2) voluntarily unemployed, and 3) involuntarily unemployed, about the quality of their partnership and family relationships. The results show that the involuntarily unemployed mothers have the lowest quality of family life. In these families there is more conflict, disagreement and hostile communication towards the woman and child. Employed mothers also experience some family problems. Overall, those most satisfied with their family lives are the voluntarily unemployed mothers. There is more positive communication between partners, including sharing and intimacy in this group. The results were interpreted as stemming from the distress caused by involuntary unemployment, the double burden of the female role and gender role models in the family.
Diatoma polonica sp. nov. — a new diatom (Bacillariophyceae) species from rivers and streams of southern Poland
Authors: Bąk Małgorzata , Lange-Bertalot Horst , Nosek Jacek , Jakubowska Zofia , Kiełbasa Małgorzata 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Diatoma polonica, a species first observed in samples from the Western Carpathians river systems in southern Poland, is described as a species new to science. The new species status resulted from the fact that the dimensions of cells found did not fit any of the diagnoses given in the literature for the European Diatoma taxa established so far. The genus is rather species-poor, even when the entire Holarctic flora is taken into account. The new species is morphologically closest to Diatoma moniliformis Kützing, particularly with respect to the vague resemblance of the valve outlines and the presence of a rimportula in each valve pole. Further, more or less similar taxa are D. tenuis Agardh, D. problematica Lange-Bertalot and D. mesodon (Ehrenberg) Kützing, all distinguished, in addition to other specific characteristics, by the rimoportulae regularly present at only one valve pole. Characteristics of D. polonica are described and compared with those of other species based on light and scanning electron microscopy.
A comparison of various indices based on benthic macrofauna for the assessment of the ecological status of selected Carpathian streams
Authors: Galas Joanna , Dumnicka Elżbieta , Galus-Barchan Agnieszka 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The biological indices MMI-PL, BMWP-PL, and %EPT were applied to compare the ecological status of Carpathian flysch stream sectors situated above and below sewage treatment plants. MMI-PL was found to be the most sensitive, whereas BMWP-PL indicated a very good ecological status at all sampling stations despite an increased trophic level of water in polluted sectors. %EPT proved to be an unreliable index because of its strong fluctuations resulting mainly from unstable densities of benthic invertebrate groups not included therein. The analyses of coli titers and water chemistry in the same stream sectors revealed temporary pollution at both types of stations.
Present-day evolution of coastal lakes based on the example of Jamno and Bukowo (the Southern Baltic coast)
Authors: Choiński Adam , Ptak Mariusz , Strzelczak Agnieszka 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This study presents the directions and the rate of changes occurring in the coastal lakes Jamno and Bukowo, located in northern Poland. Based on the cartographic materials and aerial photographs of those water bodies, it was established that in 1909–2012, the area of the lakes decreased by 183.6 ha (7.7%) and 250.7 ha (13.6%) for Jamno and Bukowo, respectively. Another component of lake disappearance — shallowing of lake basins — was analyzed using bathymetric plans. It turned out that water supplies of Jamno during more than 100 years decreased by 2.4 million m3 (5.9%), while in the case of Bukowo, it was 5.9 million (17.5%). Unfavorable location (inflow of pollutants from the basin) and morphometry of both lakes should be considered as the main causes of such major changes. The lakes are polymictic with a considerable area of the shallowest zone (1 m depth). This favors the vegetation succession and, consequently, shallowing of the lake basins. Moreover, direct connection with the Baltic Sea contributes to the fact that the materials of marine origin deposited in the form of a reverse delta also contribute to a decrease in the open water surface area.