bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent climatic trends and linkages to river discharge in Central Vietnam
Authors: Souvignet Maxime , Laux Patrick , Freer Jim , Cloke Hannah , Thinh Dang Quang , Thuc Tran , Cullmann Johannes , Nauditt Alexandra , Flügel Wolfgang‐Albert , Kunstmann Harald , Ribbe Lars 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn this study, change in rainfall, temperature and river discharge are analysed over the last three decades in Central Vietnam. Trends and rainfall indices are evaluated using non‐parametric tests at different temporal levels. To overcome the sparse locally available network, the high resolution APHRODITE gridded dataset is used in addition to the existing rain gauges. Finally, existing linkages between discharge changes and trends in rainfall and temperature are explored.Results are indicative of an intensification of rainfall (+15%/decade), with more extreme and longer events. A significant increase in winter rainfall and a decrease in consecutive dry days provides strong evidence for a lengthening wet season in Central Vietnam. In addition, trends based on APHRODITE suggest a strong orographic signal in winter and annual trends. These results underline the local variability in the impacts of climatic change at the global scale. Consequently, it is important that change detection investigations are conducted at the local scale. A very weak signal is detected in the trend of minimum temperature (+0.2°C/decade). River discharge trends show an increase in mean discharge (31 to 35%/decade) over the last decades. Between 54 and 74% of this increase is explained by the increase in precipitation. The maximum discharge also responds significantly to precipitation changes leading to a lengthened wet season and an increase in extreme rainfall events. Such trends can be linked with a likely increase in floods in Central Vietnam, which is important for future adaptation planning and management and flood preparedness in the region. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Towards hydrological model calibration and validation: simulation of stable water isotopes using the isoWATFLOOD model
Authors: Stadnyk T. A. , Delavau C. , Kouwen N. , Edwards T. W. D. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractCalibration and validation of hydrological models is a challenge, particularly in remote regions that are minimally gauged. This paper develops a novel methodology for large‐scale (>1000 km2) hydrological model calibration and validation using stable water isotopes founded on the rigorous constraints imposed by the need to conserve both water mass and stable isotopes simultaneously. The isoWATFLOOD model is applied to five basins within the Fort Simpson, Northwest Territories region of northern Canada to simulate stream discharge and oxygen‐18 signals over a 3‐year period. The isotopic variation of river discharge, runoff components, and evaporative fractionation are successfully simulated on both a seasonal and continual basis over the watershed domain to demonstrate the application of isotope tracers to regional hydrologic calibration. The intended application of this research is to remote, large‐scale basins, showing promise for improving predictions in minimally gauged basins and climate change research where traditional, rigorous approaches to constraining parameter uncertainty may be impractical. This coupled isotope‐hydrological (i.e. iso‐hydrological) approach to modelling reduces the number of possible parameterizations, resulting in potentially more physically‐based hydrological predictions. isoWATFLOOD provides a tool for water resource managers and utilities to use operationally for water use, allocation, and runoff generation estimations. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of oncogenic HPV type‐specific viral DNA load and E6/E7 mRNA detection in cervical samples: Results from a multicenter study
Authors: Broccolo Francesco , Fusetti Lisa , Rosini Sandra , Caraceni Donatella , Zappacosta Roberta , Ciccocioppo Lucia , Matteoli Barbara , Halfon Philippe , Malnati Mauro S. , Ceccherini‐Nelli Luca 
Published: December 2012

AbstractHigh‐risk human papillomavirus (HR‐HPV) genotype viral load and E6/E7 mRNA detection are proposed as surrogate markers of malignant cervical lesion progression. Currently, the use of commercially available DNA‐based or mRNA‐based tests is under investigation. In this study, the viral DNA load and E6/E7 mRNA detection of the five most common HR‐HPV types detected in cervical cancer worldwide were compared in 308 cervical samples by using in‐house type‐specific quantitative real‐time PCR assays and PreTect HPV‐Proofer test, respectively. Sensitivity and negative predictive values were higher for the HPV‐DNA assays combined (95.0% and 96.0%, respectively) than the RNA assays (77.0% and 88.0%, respectively); conversely, the mRNA test showed a higher specificity and higher positive predictive value (81.7% and 66.9%, respectively) than the DNA test (58.6% and 52.5%, respectively) for detecting histology‐confirmed high‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. A significantly higher association between viral DNA load and severity of disease was observed for HPV 16 and 31 (γ = 0.62 and γ = 0.40, respectively) than for the other HPV types screened. A good degree of association between the two assays was found for detection of HPV 16 (k = 0.83), HPV 18 (k = 0.72), HPV 33 (k = 0.66), and HPV 45 (k = 0.60) but not for HPV 31 (k = 0.24). Sequence analysis in L1 and E6‐LCR regions of HPV 31 genotypes showed a high level of intra‐type variation. HR‐HPV viral DNA load was significantly higher in E6/E7 mRNA positive than negative samples (P < 0.001), except for HPV 31. These findings suggest that transcriptional and replicative activities can coexist within the same sample. J. Med. Virol. 85:472–482, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Does high viral load of hepatitis E virus influence the severity and prognosis of acute liver failure during pregnancy?
Authors: Borkakoti Jayanta , Hazam Rajib Kishore , Mohammad Asim , Kumar Ashok , Kar Premashis 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe incidence and mortality in pregnant women with acute liver failure caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV) is high. Data on the viral load of HEV during pregnancy are limited. The study was designed to determine the viral load of HEV and its association with the disease severity in patients with acute liver failure. A total of HEV related 163 patients with acute liver failure which included 105 pregnant, 46 non‐pregnant women and girls and 12 men and 730 patients with acute viral hepatitis which comprised of 220 pregnant women; 282 non‐pregnant women and girls and 228 men were included. Viral load was measured by real‐time PCR. Comparison was made between the pregnant and non‐pregnant women. HEV RNA was detectable in 265 patients (142 pregnant; 75 non‐pregnant and 48 men) and 104 patients with acute liver failure (64 pregnant, 34 non‐pregnant and 6 men). The viral load of HEV in pregnant women with acute liver failure and acute viral hepatitis was significantly higher 129,984.0 ± 103,104.17 and 768.92 ± 1,105.40 copies/ml, respectively compared to the non‐pregnant women which was 189.2 ± 225 and 12.73 ± 7.8 copies/ml (P < 0.0001). The viral load of HEV was also significantly higher in the pregnant patients with acute liver failure compared to the pregnant women with acute viral hepatitis and also men (P < 0.0001). High viral load of HEV during pregnancy could be one of the factors responsible for the severity of the infection during pregnancy. J. Med. Virol. 85:620–626, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dichlorvos‐induced cell cycle arrest and DNA damage repair activation in primary rat microglial cells
Authors: Sunkaria Aditya , Wani Willayat Yousuf , Sharma Deep Raj , Gill Kiran Dip 
Published: December 2012

AbstractDichlorvos, an organophosphate (OP), is known to cause oxidative stress in the central nervous system (CNS). Previously we have shown that dichlorvos treatment promoted the levels of proinflammatory molecules and ultimately induced apoptotic cell death in primary microglial cells. Here we studied the effect of dichlorvos on crucial cell cycle regulatory proteins and the DNA damage sensor ataxia‐telangiectasia mutated (ATM). We found a significant increase in p53 and its downstream target, p21, levels in dichlorvos‐treated microglial cells compared with control cells. Moreover, dichlorvos exposure promoted the levels of different cell cycle regulatory proteins. These results along with flow cytometry results suggested that primary microglial cells were arrested at G1 and G2/M phase after dichlorvos exposure. We have shown in a previous study that dichlorvos can induce DNA damage in microglia; here we found that microglial cells also tried to repair this damage by inducing a DNA repair enzyme, i.e., ATM. We observed a significant increase in the levels of ATM after dichlorvos treatment compared with control. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Abbreviated exposure to cuprizone is sufficient to induce demyelination and oligodendrocyte loss
Authors: Doan Vivian , Kleindienst Amber M. , McMahon Eileen J. , Long Brian R. , Matsushima Glenn K. , Taylor Lorelei C. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractCuprizone intoxication is one of several animal models used to study demyelination and remyelination. Early treatment protocols exposed mice to cuprizone for 6 weeks to induce demyelination; however, more recent reports have varied exposure times from 4 to 5 weeks. The goal of this study was to determine the minimal exposure of cuprizone in C57BL/6 mice that would induce a pathology of robust demyelination and gliosis similar to that described for a 5‐ or 6‐week treatment. We found that an abbreviated insult of only 2 weeks of exposure to cuprizone induced significant demyelination 3 weeks later (5‐week time point) but was somewhat variable. Three weeks of exposure to cuprizone produced extensive demyelination by week 5, equivalent to that observed with 5 weeks of exposure. The depletion of mature oligodendrocytes, as well as microglia and astrocyte accumulation, showed trends similar to those with 5‐week exposure to cuprizone. Once mature oligodendrocytes are perturbed after a 3‐week treatment, the progression to demyelination occurs without requiring further exposure. Furthermore, the early removal of cuprizone did not accelerate remyelination, suggesting that other sequences of events must follow before repair can occur. Thus, a short, “hit and run” CNS insult triggers a cascade of events leading to demyelination 2–3 weeks later. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electronic magnification and perceived contrast of video
Authors: Haun Andrew M. , Peli Eli , Woods Russell L. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractElectronic magnification of an image results in a decrease in its perceived contrast. The decrease in perceived contrast could be due to a perceived blur or to limited sampling of the range of contrasts in the original image. We measured the effect on perceived contrast of magnification in two contexts: either a small video was enlarged to fill a larger area or a portion of a larger video was enlarged to fill the same area as the original. Subjects attenuated the source video contrast to match the perceived contrast of the magnified videos, with the effect increasing with magnification and decreasing with viewing distance. These effects are consistent with expectations based on both the contrast statistics of natural images and the contrast sensitivity of the human visual system. We demonstrate that local regions within videos usually have lower physical contrast than the whole and that this difference accounts for a minor part of the perceived differences. Instead, visibility of “missing content” (blur) in a video is misinterpreted as a decrease in contrast. We detail how the effects of magnification on perceived contrast can be measured while avoiding confounding factors.
Symptoms in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps
Authors: Dietz de Loos Dirk A. E. , Hopkins Claire , Fokkens Wytske J. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:In this study we analyzed differences in symptoms scored between chronic rhinosinusitis patients with (CRSwNP) and without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). According to the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps, CRSwNP and CRSsNP diagnoses are defined by clinical criteria supported with endoscopy. We wanted to know if it is possible to make an accurate distinction between patients with and without nasal polyps based on clinical impression.Study Design:Retrospective case‐control study.Methods:We collected Rhinosinusitis Outcome Measure 31 (RSOM‐31) questionnaires from chronic rhinosinusitis patients with and without nasal polyps and compared mean total RSOM‐31 scores, mean domain scores, mean symptoms scores, and percentages of patients reporting symptoms per diagnosis based on endoscopy and computed tomography scan.Results:RSOM‐31 questionnaires were collected from 234 patients. Although the total RSOM‐31 score was similar and symptomatology considerably overlapping, patients with CRSwNP scored significantly higher and more often on nasal symptoms such as “rhinorrhea” and “decreased sense of taste or smell.” Patients with CRSsNP significantly scored more often and higher on “facial pain” and “ear pain.”Conclusions:Although there were significant differences in scores on several symptoms, there was considerable overlap of many symptoms, and it remains difficult to distinguish between CRSwNP and CRSsNP based on clinical impression alone. Laryngoscope, 2013
The exopolysaccharide gene cluster Bcam1330–Bcam1341 is involved in Burkholderia cenocepacia biofilm formation, and its expression is regulated by c‐di‐GMP and Bcam1349
Authors: Fazli Mustafa , McCarthy Yvonne , Givskov Michael , Ryan Robert P. , Tolker‐Nielsen Tim 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn Burkholderia cenocepacia, the second messenger cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c‐di‐GMP) has previously been shown to positively regulate biofilm formation and the expression of cellulose and type‐I fimbriae genes through binding to the transcriptional regulator Bcam1349. Here, we provide evidence that cellulose and type‐I fimbriae are not involved in B. cenocepacia biofilm formation in flow chambers, and we identify a novel Bcam1349/c‐di‐GMP‐regulated exopolysaccharide gene cluster which is essential for B. cenocepacia biofilm formation. Overproduction of Bcam1349 in trans promotes wrinkly colony morphology, pellicle, and biofilm formation in B. cenocepacia. A screen for transposon mutants unable to respond to the overproduction of Bcam1349 led to the identification of a 12‐gene cluster, Bcam1330–Bcam1341, the products of which appear to be involved in the production of a putative biofilm matrix exopolysaccharide and to be essential for flow‐chamber biofilm formation. We demonstrate that Bcam1349 binds to the promoter region of genes in the Bcam1330–Bcam1341 cluster and that this binding is enhanced by the presence of c‐di‐GMP. Furthermore, we demonstrate that overproduction of both c‐di‐GMP and Bcam1349 leads to increased transcription of these genes, indicating that c‐di‐GMP and Bcam1349 functions together in regulating exopolysaccharide production from the Bcam1330–Bcam1341 gene cluster. Our results suggest that the product encoded by the Bcam1330–Bcam1341 gene cluster is a major exopolysaccharide that provides structural stability to the biofilms formed by B. cenocepacia, and that its production is regulated by c‐di‐GMP through binding to and promotion of the activity of the transcriptional regulator Bcam1349.
White light spectroscopy for free flap monitoring
Authors: Fox Paige M. , Zeidler Kamakshi , Carey Joseph , Lee Gordon K. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWhite light spectroscopy non‐invasively measures hemoglobin saturation at the capillary level rendering an end‐organ measurement of perfusion. We hypothesized this technology could be used after microvascular surgery to allow for early detection of ischemia and thrombosis. The Spectros T‐Stat monitoring device, which utilizes white light spectroscopy, was compared with traditional flap monitoring techniques including pencil Doppler and clinical exam. Data were prospectively collected and analyzed. Results from 31 flaps revealed a normal capillary hemoglobin saturation of 40–75% with increase in saturation during the early postoperative period. One flap required return to the operating room 12 hours after microvascular anastomosis. The T‐stat system recorded an acute decrease in saturation from ∼50% to less than 30% 50 min prior to identification by clinical exam. Prompt treatment resulted in flap salvage. The Spectros T‐Stat monitor may be a useful adjunct for free flap monitoring providing continuous, accurate perfusion assessment postoperatively. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2013.
Active management of selective intrauterine growth restriction with abnormal Doppler in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies diagnosed in the second trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Chalouhi G. E. , Marangoni M. A. , Quibel T. , Deloison B. , Benzina N. , Essaoui M. , Al Ibrahim A. , Stirnemann J. J. , Salomon L. J. , Ville Y. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aims to compare outcomes of active management of monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies complicated with severe intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) of one twin before 24 weeks with continuous or intermittent absent or reversed end‐diastolic flow (AREDF) in the umbilical artery, with or without twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS).MethodThis study is a retrospective comparison of 45 consecutive cases of severe selective IUGR (s‐IUGR) defined as an estimated fetal weight at or below the fifth centile with a >25% weight discordance and AREDF in the umbilical artery before 24 weeks and 166 consecutive cases of TTTS stage III, with AREDF in the donor (TTTS3D) and also with s‐IUGR. These were treated by either selective laser photocoagulation of chorionic vessels (SLPCV) or cord coagulation (CC).ResultsThe 166 cases of TTTS3D were treated by SLPCV, whereas 23 and 22 cases of s‐IUGR were treated by SLPCV and CC, respectively. Overall survival was 52.17% or 45.45% in s‐IUGR treated by SLPCV or CC, respectively, and 48.49% in TTTS3D. The survival of appropriately grown for gestational age (AGA) twins following CC (90.9%) was higher than that following SLPCV in s‐IUGR (74%) or in recipient twins of TTTS3D (55.42%) (p = 0.001). Survival of the IUGR twin was 30% and 41.56% with SLPCV in s‐IUGR and TTTS3D, respectively.ConclusionsActive management of severe IUGR with AREDF in the umbilical artery seems beneficial. Survival rates with SLPCV were similar in s‐IUGR and TTTS3D. However, there was a trend for higher survival rates in the AGA twin for CC. The choice of the technique should be driven by objective counseling on survival of both IUGR and AGA twins and therefore by the utility‐based ethical values expressed by the pregnant woman. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Circulating mRNA for epidermal growth factor‐like domain 7 (EGFL7) in maternal blood and early intrauterine growth restriction. A preliminary analysis
Authors: Zanello Margherita , DeSanctis Paola , Pula Giulia , Zucchini Cinzia , Pittalis Maria Carla , Rizzo Nicola , Farina Antonio 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the alteration in epidermal growth factor‐like domain 7 (EGFL7) mRNA expression in maternal blood from pregnancies affected by early‐onset intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) at 20–24 weeks.MethodCase–control study encompassing six women with pregnancies affected by IUGR (cases) matched in a 1 : 7 ratio for gestational age and fetal gender with 42 controls. We quantified EGFL7 mRNA expression in normal and IUGR patients. Matched rank–sum analysis and multiples of median were used to evaluate differences of the marker of interest between cases and controls. Spearman regression analysis was used to correlate the estimated fetal weight at blood sampling with the EGFL7 mRNA values.ResultsThe mean observed rank in the IUGR group was significantly higher than that of controls (6.67 vs 4.19, p = 0.01). Pregnancies affected with IUGR exhibited 1.70‐fold higher levels of maternal EGFL7 mRNA compared with matched controls (p = 0.014). EGFL7 mRNA values were inversely correlated with estimated fetal weight (Spearman's ρ = −0.429, p = 0.198).ConclusionEarly IUGR at 20–24 weeks’ gestation is associated with higher values of EGFL7 expression in maternal plasma. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Different indications, warnings and precautions, and contraindications for the same drug—an international comparison of prescribing information for commonly used psychiatric drugs
Authors: Pfistermeister Barbara , Schenk Christian , Kornhuber Johannes , Bürkle Thomas , Fromm Martin F , Maas Renke 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTPurposeWe aim to derive an internationally applicable data set to improve prescription safety of psychiatric drugs.MethodsWe performed an in‐depth analysis of the concordance of prescribing information of 10 key psychiatric drugs across four major drug markets with regard to indications, warnings and precautions, and contraindications.ResultsThe individual prescribing information covered on average 71.4 ± 30.3% of all named indications, 59.5 ± 17.1% of all potential warnings and precautions and 70.1 ± 24.4% of all applicable contraindications.ConclusionThis substantial variation in key prescribing information across countries highlights the need for a better international cooperation and standardization of prescribing information. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hyperbranched aliphatic polyether polyols
Authors: Schömer Martina , Schüll Christoph , Frey Holger 
Published: December 2012

AbstractHyperbranched polymers, dendritic macromolecules with branch‐on‐branch structures, have become an important polymer class since the early 1990s. They combine several advantages of the perfectly branched dendrimers with easy accessibility, typically in a one‐step synthesis. Hyperbranched polyethers are a particularly interesting class of chemically stable and often biocompatible materials. Multifunctional hyperbranched polyethers with controllable molar mass and comparably low polydispersities can been prepared using hydroxyl‐functional epoxides or oxetanes for polymerization via anionic and cationic polymerization mechanisms. Here, we review the progress in the preparation, characterization, and application of these uniquely versatile aliphatic polyether polyols. Their unusual mechanical, thermal, and solution properties render them useful for a variety of applications, for example, as building blocks for various complex macromolecular architectures or in biomedical applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
High dielectric performance of tactic polynorbornene derivatives synthesized by ring‐opening metathesis polymerization
Authors: You Zewang , Gao Danyi , Jin Ouyue , He Xiaohua , Xie Meiran 
Published: December 2012

AbstractFunctional polynorbornenes (PNBEs) containing pyrrolidine moiety and bis(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl side group were synthesized via ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), and the microstructure of polymer chain was characterized by NMR spectroscopy. Poly(N‐3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl‐norbornene‐pyrrolidine) (PTNP) and poly(N‐phenyl‐norbornene‐pyrrolidine) (PPNP) are supposed to have practically trans double bonds and adopt isotactic syn conformation, whereas poly(N‐3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl‐norbornene‐dicarboximide) (PTNDI) has both trans and cis double bonds and atactic microstructure. PTNP, PTNDI, and PPNP have much different dielectric constants of 20, 7, and 3, respectively, which is attributed to both the polar 3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl group and the stereoregular chain structure. The existence of rigid pyrrolidine moiety has a positive contribution to form the tactic polymer chain during ROMP. Polymers are highly thermal stable up to ∼300 °C. Having good dielectric properties and thermal stability, these functional PNBEs are expected as the potential dielectric material in thin film capacitors. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013