bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-Frequency Seiche in a Large Bay
Authors: MacMahan Jamie 
Published: December 2014

AbstractShort-term observations of sea surface elevations η along the 10-m isobath and long-term observations inside and outside of a large bay (Monterey Bay, CA) were obtained to describe the nodal structure of the modes 0–3 seiches within the bay and the low-frequency (<346 cpd) seiche forcing mechanism. The measured nodal pattern validates previous numerical estimates associated with a northern amplitude bias, though variability exists across the modal frequency band, particularly for modes 0 and 1. Low-frequency oceanic η white noise within seiche frequency bands (24–69 cpd) provides a continuous resonant forcing of the bay seiche with a η2 (variance) amplification of 16–40 for the different modes. The temporal variation of the oceanic η white noise is significantly correlated (R2 = 0.86) at the 95% confidence interval with the bay seiche η that varies seasonally. The oceanic η white noise is hypothesized as being from low-frequency, free, infragravity waves that are forced by short waves.
Extraction of Tide Constituents by Harmonic Analysis Using Altimetry Satellite Data in the Brazilian Coast
Authors: Daher Victor Bastos , Cristhyna de Oliveira Vieira Paes Rosa , França Gutemberg Borges , Rodrigues Alvarenga João Bosco , Galvão Teixeira Gregório Luiz 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis paper analyzes the sea surface height dataset from the TOPEX, Jason-1, and Jason-2 satellites of a 19-yr time series in order to extract the tide harmonic constituents for the region limited by latitude 5°N–35°S and longitude 55°–20°W. The harmonic analysis results implemented here were compared with the tidal constituents estimated by three classical tidal models [i.e., TOPEX/Poseidon Global Inverse Solution 7.2 (TPXO7.2), Global Ocean Tide 4.7 (GOT4.7), and Finite Element Solution 2102 (FES2102)] and also with those extracted from in situ measurements. The Courtier criterion was used to define the tide regimes and regionally they are classified as semidiurnal between the latitude range from approximately 5°N to 22°S, semidiurnal with diurnal inequality from 22° to about 29°S, and mixed southward of latitude 22°S. The comparison results among all tide approaches were done by analyzing the root-sum-square misfit (RSSmisfit) value. Generally, the RSSmisfit difference values are not higher than 12 cm among them in deep-water regions. On the other hand, in shallow water, all models have presented quite similar performance, and the RSSmisfit values have presented higher variance than the previous region, as expected. The major discrepancy results were particularly noted for two tide gauges located in the latitude range from 5°N to 2°S. The latter was investigated and conclusions have mainly pointed to the influence of the mouth of the Amazon River and the considerable distance between tide measurements and the satellite reference point, which make it quite hard to compare those results. In summary, the results have showed that all models presently generate quite reliable results for deep water; however, further study should done in order to improve them in shallow-water regions too.
Deep sequencing of multiple regions of glial tumors reveals spatial heterogeneity for mutations in clinically relevant genes
Authors: Kumar Akash , Boyle Evan A , Tokita Mari , Mikheev Andrei M , Sanger Michelle C , Girard Emily , Silber John R , Gonzalez-Cuyar Luis F , Hiatt Joseph B , Adey Andrew , Lee Choli , Kitzman Jacob O , Born Donald E , Silbergeld Daniel L , Olson James M , Rostomily Robert C , Shendure Jay 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Background
The extent of intratumoral mutational heterogeneity remains unclear in gliomas, the most common primary brain tumors, especially with respect to point mutation. To address this, we applied single molecule molecular inversion probes targeting 33 cancer genes to assay both point mutations and gene amplifications within spatially distinct regions of 14 glial tumors.

Results
We find evidence of regional mutational heterogeneity in multiple tumors, including mutations in TP53 and RB1 in an anaplastic oligodendroglioma and amplifications in PDGFRA and KIT in two glioblastomas (GBMs). Immunohistochemistry confirms heterogeneity of TP53 mutation and PDGFRA amplification. In all, 3 out of 14 glial tumors surveyed have evidence for heterogeneity for clinically relevant mutations.

Conclusions
Our results underscore the need to sample multiple regions in GBM and other glial tumors when devising personalized treatments based on genomic information, and furthermore demonstrate the importance of measuring both point mutation and copy number alteration while investigating genetic heterogeneity within cancer samples.
Metal artifact reduction in patients with dental implants using multispectral three-dimensional data acquisition for hybrid PET/MRI
Authors: Gunzinger Jeanne M , Delso Gaspar , Boss Andreas , Porto Miguel , Davison Helen , von Schulthess Gustav K , Huellner Martin , Stolzmann Paul , Veit-Haibach Patrick , Burger Irene A 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

Background
Hybrid positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) shows high potential for patients with oropharyngeal cancer. Dental implants can cause substantial artifacts in the oral cavity impairing diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, we evaluated new MRI sequences with multi-acquisition variable-resonance image combination (MAVRIC SL) in comparison to conventional high-bandwidth techniques and in a second step showed the effect of artifact size on MRI-based attenuation correction (AC) with a simulation study.

Methods
Twenty-five patients with dental implants prospectively underwent a trimodality PET/CT/MRI examination after informed consent was obtained under the approval of the local ethics committee. A conventional 3D gradient-echo sequence (LAVA-Flex) commonly used for MRI-based AC of PET (acquisition time of 14 s), a T1w fast spin-echo sequence with high bandwidth (acquisition time of 3.2 min), as well as MAVRIC SL sequence without and with increased phase acceleration (MAVRIC, acquisition time of 6 min; MAVRIC-fast, acquisition time of 3.5 min) were applied. The absolute and relative reduction of the signal void artifact was calculated for each implant and tested for statistical significance using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The effect of artifact size on PET AC was simulated in one case with a large tumor in the oral cavity. The relative difference of the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in the tumor was calculated for increasing artifact sizes centered over the second molar.

Results
The absolute reduction of signal void from LAVA-Flex sequences to the T1-weighted fast spin-echo (FSE) sequences was 416 mm2 (range 4 to 2,010 mm2) to MAVRIC 481 mm2 (range 12 to 2,288 mm2) and to MAVRIC-fast 486 mm2 (range 39 to 2,209 mm2). The relative reduction in signal void was significantly improved for both MAVRIC and MAVRIC-fast compared to T1 FSE (−75%/− 78% vs. − 62%, p < 0.001 for both). The relative error for SUVmax was negligible for artifacts of 0.5-cm diameter (−0.1%), but substantial for artifacts of 5.2-cm diameter (−33%).

Conclusions
MAVRIC-fast could become useful for artifact reduction in PET/MR for patients with dental implants. This might improve diagnostic accuracy especially for patients with tumors in the oropharynx and substantially improve accuracy of PET quantification.
Immediate and delayed effects of growth conditions on ageing parameters in nestling zebra finches
Authors: Reichert Sophie , Criscuolo François , Zahn Sandrine , Arrivé Mathilde , Bize Pierre , Massemin Sylvie 
Published: December 2014

AbstractConditions experienced during development and growth are of crucial importance as they can have significant influence on the optimisation of life histories. Indeed, the ability of an organism to grow fast and achieve a large body size often confers short and long term fitness benefits. However, there is good evidence that organisms do not grow at their maximal rates as growth rates seem to have potential costs on subsequent lifespan. Several proximate causes of such a reduced lifespan might be involved. Among them, one emerging hypothesis is that growth impacts adult survival and/or longevity through a shared, endpoint, ageing mechanism: telomere erosion. In this study, we manipulated brood size in order to investigate if rapid growth (chicks in reduced broods) is effectively done at the cost of a short (end of growth) and long term (at adulthood) increase of oxidative damage and telomere loss. Contrary to what we expected, chicks from the enlarged broods displayed more oxidative damage and had shorter telomeres at the end of the growth period and at adulthood. Our study extends the understanding of the proximate mechanisms involved in the trade-off between growth and ageing. It highlights that adverse environmental conditions during growth can come at a cost via transient increased oxidative stress and pervasive eroded telomeres. Indeed, it suggests that telomeres are not only controlled by intrinsic growth rates per se but may also be under the control of some extrinsic environmental factors that may get our understanding of the growth ageing interaction more complicated.
Behavioral correction to prevent overhydration and increase survival by larvae of the net-spinning caddisflies in relation to water flow
Authors: Yoder Jay A. , Benoit Joshua B. , Nelson Blake W. , Main Leighanne R. , Bossley Jon P. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
We report behavioral regulation of body water content in caddisfly larvae, Hydropsyche morosa and Cheumatopsyche pettiti, by selecting microhabitats with different water flow rates. The purpose was to examine features necessary for survival in the same apparent habitat, because both co-exist in riffle areas of freshwater streams. Both species are highly sensitive to water loss due to high water loss rates and depend on immersion in fresh water (hypo-osmotic) to maintain water stores. In contrast to C. pettiti, H. morosa is larger, retains water more effectively, and features reduced water loss rates with suppressed activation energies. When H. morosa was confined to areas of low or no water flow, overhydration led to rapid mortality, whereas the same conditions favored water balance maintenance and survival in C. pettiti. In attraction bioassays, H. morosa moved and remained within areas of high water flow and C. pettiti preferred areas with low water flow. Because water flow rates are unlikely to directly impact water gain, the mechanism responsible for increased survival and water balance maintenance is likely related to the impact of water flow on oxygen availability or differences in feeding ecology.
Cortisol modulates vasotocinergic and isotocinergic pathways in the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata, Linnaeus 1758)
Authors: Cádiz Laura , Román-Padilla Javier , Gozdowska Magdalena , Kulczykowska Ewa , Martínez-Rodríguez Gonzalo , Mancera Juan Miguel , Martos-Sitcha Juan Antonio 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
In the present study, we assess the responses of the vasotocinergic and isotocinergic systems to chronic stress induced by cortisol administration in the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Pituitary and plasma arginine vasotocin (AVT) and isotocin (IT) levels, as well as hypothalamic pro-vasotocin (pro-VT) and pro-isotocin (pro-IT) mRNA expression levels, were analysed. In addition, the mRNA levels of three receptors, AVTR type V1a2, AVTR type V2 and ITR, were analysed in several target organs associated with the following physiological processes: i) integration and control (hypothalamus), ii) metabolism and its control (liver and hypothalamus), iii) osmoregulation (gills), and iv) stress response (head kidney). Specimens were injected intraperitoneally with slow-release implants (5 µL·g-1 body weight) containing coconut oil alone (control group) or with cortisol (50 µg·g-1 body weight; cortisol group). Both AVT and IT synthesis and release were correlated with plasma cortisol values, suggesting a potential interaction between both hormonal systems and cortisol administration. Our results suggest that the activation of hepatic metabolism, as well as the hypothalamic control of metabolic processes, provide the energy necessary to overcome stress, which could be partly mediated by AVTRs and ITR. Up-regulation of branchial AVT and IT receptor expression following cortisol treatment suggests an involvement of the vasotocinergic and isotocinergic systems in the regulation of ion channels/transporters during stressful situations. Finally, changes in AVT and IT receptor mRNA expression in the head kidney suggest these nonapeptides participate in feedback mechanisms that regulate the synthesis/release of cortisol. Our results indicate a relationship between cortisol and both the vasotocinergic and isotocinergic systems during simulated chronic stress in Sparus aurata.
Opsins inLimuluseyes: Characterization of three visible light-sensitive opsins unique to and co-expressed in median eye photoreceptors and a peropsin/RGR that is expressed in all eyes
Authors: Battelle Barbara-Anne , Kempler Karen , Saraf Spencer R. , Marten Catherine E. , Dugger Donald R. , Spiser Daniel I. , Oakley Todd H. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe eyes of the horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus have long been used for studies of basic mechanisms of vision, and the structure and physiology of Limulus photoreceptors have been examined in detail. Less is known about the opsins Limulus photoreceptors express. We previously characterized a UV opsin (LpUVOps1) that is expressed in all three types of Limulus eyes (lateral compound eyes, median ocelli and larval eyes) and three visible light-sensitive rhabdomeric opsins (LpOps1, 2 and 5) that are expressed in Limulus lateral compound and larval eyes. Physiological studies showed that visible light-sensitive photoreceptors are also present in median ocelli, but the visible light-sensitive opsins they express were unknown. In the current study we characterize three newly-identified, visible light-sensitive rhabdomeric opsins (LpOps6, 7, and 8) that are expressed in median ocelli. We show that they are ocellar-specific and that all three are co-expressed in photoreceptors distinct from those expressing LpUVOps1. Our current findings show that the pattern of opsin expression in Limulus eyes is much more complex than previously thought and extend our previous observations of opsin co-expression in visible light-sensitive Limulus photoreceptors. We also characterize a Limulus peropsin/RGR (LpPerOps1). We examine the phylogenetic relationship of LpPerOps1 with other peropsins and RGRs, demonstrate that LpPerOps1 transcripts are expressed in each of the three types of Limulus eyes and show that the encoded protein is expressed in membranes of cells closely associated with photoreceptors in each eye type. These finding suggest that peropsin was in the opsin repertoire of euchelicerates.
High Efficiency and Robust Performance of Organo Lead Perovskite Solar Cells with Large Grain Absorbers Prepared in Ambient Air Conditions
Authors: Wu Kuan-Lin , Kogo Atsushi , Sakai Nobuya , Ikegami Masashi , Miyasaka Tsutomu 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Organo lead halide perovskite absorbers were prepared by a two-step solution-processing method under ambient air conditions. Large cuboid crystalline grains that form a porous surface in junction with an organic hole conductor enable power conversion efficiency up to 15.3%, exhibiting minimal J–V hysteresis and stable performance against light intensity change. The cell without encapsulation showed sufficiently high stability under exposure to air.
Temperature-programmed Desorption of Oxygen from La–Sr–Co–Fe Perovskite in Atmospheres with Varying Oxygen Partial Pressure
Authors: Nishibori Maiko , Ankei Naoki , Uchiyama Tomoki , Kamitani Kazutaka , Kato Kazuo , Teraoka Yasutake 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
A temperature-programmed desorption technique under atmospheres with variable partial pressure of oxygen has been developed using a homemade fixed-bed flow reactor equipped with a yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) oxygen sensor as a detector of oxygen desorbed from a sample. Its significance has been verified for the particular catalytic material of La–Sr–Co–Fe–O perovskite-type oxide.
A Facile Fabrication for Amphiphobic Aluminum Surface
Authors: Jiang Ting , Guo Zhiguang 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Superamphiphobic surfaces have advantages over common superhydrophobic surfaces because of their superrepellency for both water and oil. Besides, Al is a common metal and widely used in many areas, such as the aerospace and radio industry. A facial chemical etching and fluorination method was developed to fabricate superhydrophobic and superoleophobic surface (the water contact angle is 154.9° and the glycerin contact angle is 147.9°) on aluminum substrate. The resultant surfaces were characterized by optical methods, water contact angle (CA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The effect of etching time on the wettability was also discussed, which also indicated that surface roughness is an important factor for surface wettability since the etching time can affect it.
Corneal transplant tissue—before it reaches the operating room
Authors: Machin Heather 
Published: December 2014

Corneal tissue that is presented to the surgical team in the operating theatre must be approved for use during site surgery safety checks prior to transplantation and goes through a rigorous process before being released from the eye bank. The donor's next of kin and a knowledgeable historian, such as a GP or spiritual leader, also go through a delicate and detailed process to ensure the wishes of the deceased are honoured during what is often a time of immense grief. This article will explore the journey of corneal eye tissue from the donor to the recipient, and will also discuss: grief support; eye recovery (retrieval); regulations and processing requirements; and release criteria. While an international perspective will be taken, it is acknowledged that the author's predominant reference point regarding the regulations and processing of eye tissue will be based on those of the Australian and New Zealand system. Therefore, readers are encouraged to consult regulations specific to their country.
Research priorities relating to eye movement disorders after stroke: Report of an expert panel
Authors: Pollock Alex , Hazelton Christine , Campbell Pauline 
Published: December 2014

Background Eye movement disorders may affect over 70% of stroke survivors, negatively impacting on function and rehabilitation. On 20 September 2013, the Scottish Vision and Stroke Network hosted a meeting of experts in the field of vision, eye movement disorders, stroke care and research, with the aim of agreeing shared research priorities relating to eye movement disorders after stroke. Methods Research priorities were established based on James Lind Alliance methods. Prior to the workshop, a request for unanswered research questions was circulated in the UK via email. Workshop participants worked in three independent groups to discuss each of the submitted questions and reach an agreement on ranked priorities. Ranked questions from the groups were merged and questions with the highest rankings identified. Disagreements between the rankings of each group were highlighted. Participants then discussed and reached an agreement on the wording and prioritisation of the questions ranked highest by all three groups. Results Eight top research questions were identified, which included three broad areas: i) prevalence and incidence of eye movement disorders after stroke; ii) the development of effective screening and assessment measures to accurately identify eye movement disorders following stroke; iii) the functional and social impact of eye movement disorders in stroke survivors. Conclusions Several projects are currently ongoing and planned across the UK, and research priorities are likely change as evidence is produced, questions are answered and more uncertainties identified. To inform timely and effective treatments and services, clinicians, researchers and research funding bodies should work collaboratively to address research that is agreed to be of the highest priority.
Grief experiences of nurses in Ireland who have cared for children with an intellectual disability who have died
Authors: MacDermott Ciara , Keenan Paul Michael 
Published: December 2014

Background The personal grief experience of nurses who have cared for children with an intellectual disability who have died is little understood. Method This descriptive qualitative study was initiated to ascertain nurses' knowledge and personal experience of grief and how this is managed. Semi-structured interview was the method used to collect data from eight nurses who had cared for a child with an intellectual disability who had died. A pragmatic approach to qualitative data analysis was adopted. Results Of the eight main themes identified, the four most prevalent are discussed in detail: grief, relationship with the child, end of life, and support. The findings demonstrate that nurses have a good understanding of grief, but the way they experience and manage it varies. Conclusion The study suggests that nurses who have cared for children with an intellectual disability who have died may experience disenfranchised grief. Nurses seek support from a variety of sources. Organisational support is important for nurses following the death of a child for whom they have provided care.
Is conceptual blending the key to the mystery of human evolution and cognition?
Authors: Glebkin Vladimir 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis study addresses conceptual blending theory, as originated by Fauconnier and Turner, focusing on their view of the development of double-scope blending as the cause for the origin of language and forms of culture. The author raises certain criticisms of the theory's underpinnings and methodology. In particular, he points to a lack of cultural-historical analysis and a gap between some of the predictions of conceptual blending theory and the data of real-time experiments. It is shown that a view of blending as an important tool to adapt knowledge to the experience of people is more correct than its interpretation as a basic instrument for the creation of new knowledge.
Cognitive grammar, speech acts, and interpersonal dynamics: A study of two directive constructions in Polish
Authors: Kochańska Agata 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe present study offers an analysis of two directive constructions in Polish: the V2sg.imp.imperf + midat ‘me’ construction and the (Proszę ‘I request’) + Vinf construction. The two constructions are problematic for speech act theory in that they may be used in a range of different contexts, where they convey different illocutionary forces and produce different interpersonal effects. Hence, it remains unclear how, or indeed whether at all, the illocutionary force and the interpersonal effects of utterances employing the two constructions may be tied to their respective grammatical make-ups. This, in turn, raises two related questions: (i) what motivates the use of each construction in specific contexts? and (ii) how can hearers interpret the construction's specific import in specific interactive circumstances?The claim made in this study is that each construction imposes a particular schematic construal upon the conceived scene, including also ground elements, such as the speaker, the hearer, and their interactive circumstances. The conventional schematic meaning of each construction is motivated by the meanings of its components. Being schematic, the construal conventionally associated with each construction is compatible with a whole range of specific actual interactive circumstances. However, in each specific usage event the intended specific import of the construction may easily be interpreted, given the interactive and interpersonal information saliently present in the context.