bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conclusioni
Authors: Erlicher Arcadio , Lora Antonio 
Published: July 2014

Il progetto ha rappresentato un notevole sforzo organizzativo, che ha coinvolto per un anno un ampio numero di DSM/UOP, di operatori e di pazienti.La ricerca ha dimostrato che, all'interno e tra i Dipartimenti di Salute Mentale:possibile costruire un network di ricerca,che possono essere utilizzati nella routine strumenti per la valutazione della gravità e dell'esito,possibile raccogliere ampi campioni di pazienti rappresentativi della realtà clinica dei servizi,gruppi di clinici possono collaborare tra loro per raccogliere dati sull'effective-ness e sui costi dei trattamenti.La possibilità di costruire un network di ricerca nei servizi clinici richiede uno sforzo organizzativo e ha un costo. Per fare questo sono necessari una struttura centrale in grado di dare supporto formativo, epidemiologico, informatico e di analisi, un sistema strutturato di incentivi scientifici e la restituzione agli operatori “in tempo reale” delle informazioni ricavate dalla ricerca.Questa ricerca ha portato ad una estesa conoscenza sulle caratteristiche sociodemografiche e cliniche (diagnosi e gravità) dei pazienti in trattamento nei servizi di salute mentale: il campione indagato è il più ampio oggi raccolto in Italia. La ricerca è anche stata la prima esperienza nazionale di stima dei costi per 50 strutture, con analisi dei costi standard delle singole prestazioni e del pattern di trattamento annuo e relativi costi.
Presentazione
Authors: Condò Franco 
Published: July 2014

Accolgo con favore l'iniziativa del Centro Studi e Ricerche della ASL Roma E di realizzare un'edizione italiana del rapporto dell'Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità sulla salute mentale delle popolazioni indigene nel mondo.Questa pubblicazione, ottimamente curata dal dr. Pompeo Martelli, è motivo d'orgoglio per la nostra Azienda impegnata nel miglioramento continuo della qualità dei servizi sanitari e delle prestazioni offerte alla cittadinanza per la promozione della salute, la prevenzione, la cura e la riabilitazione.Gli operatori della salute pubblica del nostro paese si confrontano sempre più spesso con cittadini provenienti da altre culture.Le regole per l'assistenza sanitaria agli immigrati indirizzate dal Ministero della Salute agli operatori del SSN e ai cittadini che provengono da paesi non appartenenti all'Unione Europea e le “Linee guida per l'assistenza sanitaria agli stranieri” pubblicate dall'Assessorato alla Sanità della Regione Lazio pur caratterizzandosi come iniziative molto avanzate nel panorama normativo europeo hanno altresì bisogno di un valido e collaudato modello di servizio sanitario “culturalmente sensibile”, obiettivo questo che la nostra Azienda si è impegnata a percorrere considerando che lo sviluppo di nuove procedure di accesso per utenti stranieri conduce a cambiamenti significativi nell'attuale organizzazione dei servizi.
Prefazione
Authors: Webster Ted 
Published: July 2014

L'esame generale sulla salute mentale delle popolazioni indigene effettuato dal dr. Alex Cohen si inserisce a pieno titolo tra gli sforzi dell'Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità nel promuovere la salute mentale, prevenire i principali disturbi mentali e neurologici, assicurare l'offerta di cure appropriate particolarmente ai soggetti più vulnerabili e bisognosi di servizi sanitari.Presentando questo lavoro in un contesto più ampio può essere utile richiamare uno dei principi costitutivi dell'OMS, che “il godimento del più elevato standard di salute raggiungibile è uno dei diritti fondamentali di ogni essere umano senza distinzione di razza, religione, fede politica, condizione economica o sociale”. L'Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità considera la salute come “uno stato di completo benessere fisico, mentale e sociale e non meramente l'assenza di malattia o infermità”.Inoltre questo resoconto giunge a noi nel punto centrale dello svolgimento del programma International Decade of the World's Indigenuos People. Tale programma è patrocinato dall'Alto Commissariato per i diritti umani delle Nazioni Unite e dal Gruppo di Lavoro sulle Popolazioni Indigene (Working Group on Indigenous Populations-WGIP) che riferiscono i risultati raggiunti all'Assemblea Generale delle Nazioni Unite attraverso la ECOSOC, la Commissione sui Diritti Umani e la sub-Commissione sulla Prevenzione della Discriminazione e Protezione dei Minori. Al WGIP è assegnato il compito di analizzare gli sviluppi riguardanti le attività di promozione e protezione dei diritti umani e fondamentalmente la libertà delle popolazioni indigene, ponendo particolare attenzione all'evoluzione degli standard relativi ai diritti di queste popolazioni. Al WGIP è stata richiesta la stesura della Dichiarazione sui diritti delle Popolazioni Indigene del mondo che al momento è in discussione e la cui conclusione è attesa nel corso del programma decennale.
Postfazione
Authors: Losavio Tommaso 
Published: July 2014

Indagini condotte in diverse città italiane rilevano che i cittadini stranieri utilizzano i servizi del SSN in modo proporzionalmente più basso al confronto con quello della popolazione autoctona (AA.VV. La salute straniera: Epidemiologia, culture, diritti, ESI, Napoli, 1994).Una ricerca concernente la città di Torino ha documentato in effetti come solo il 50% dei cittadini stranieri residenti ed aventi pertanto diritto risultava regolarmente iscritto al Servizio Sanitario Nazionale (Città di Torino, Osservatorio statistico provinciale sugli stranieri, Ufficio di Statistica, Torino: 1998)I flussi migratori, che in modo particolare in questi ultimi anni hanno interessato il nostro Paese, contribuiscono a modificare l'assetto sociale, economico e culturale della società italiana ed anche i modelli di organizzazione e funzionamento dei servizi socio-sanitari.Come scrive Roberto Beneduce “…sollecitare il riconoscimento dei diritti, incoraggiare l'integrazione e la conoscenza reciproca di gruppi e cittadini, disegnare strategie di intervento e di prevenzione più adeguate in relazione agli specifici modelli di malattia e bisogni di cura, diventano obiettivi che qualsiasi azione di promozione della salute nella popolazione immigrata dovrebbe riuscire a perseguire unitariamente” (Beneduce R., Frigessi D., Vacchiano F., L'attività del Centro Frantz Fanon nell'assistenza psichiatrica agli immigrati, PNSM, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma 2000).
Indicatori per la valutazione dei Servizi Psichiatrici di Diagnosi e Cura
Authors:   Nucleo di Valutazione Progetto QUALI DSM, Regione Lazio
Published: July 2014

È un indicatore (descrittore) di struttura e, in parte, di processo. Esprime, con un punteggio, la maggiore o minore aderenza della struttura, in tre aree (ambiente, organizzazione e umanizzazione), alle norme relative ai DSM e al Decreto legislativo 502/92 recepito dal DM 15/10/96.Ad ogni requisito soddisfatto è attribuito un punto. Il punteggio totale è dato dalla somma dei punti ottenuti per un massimo di 34.
Attivitá e interventi del Dipartimento di Salute Mentale
Authors: Amaddeo F. , Bacigalupi M. , de Girolamo G. , Di Munzio W. , Lora A. , Semisa D. 
Published: July 2014

Per attività si intende il complesso di più tipi di intervento, caratterizzati da finalità comuni.Ciascuno intervento è caratterizzato da contenuti specifici, che ne permettono la differenziazione rispetto ad altri tipi di intervento, inseriti nella medesima attività.Le attività svolte fanno riferimento a funzioni e aree del DSM:1.funzione organizzativa2.area di prevenzione ed educazione sanitaria3.area terapeutico - riabilitativa
Computers and process description for community mental health care
Authors: Bale Rob , Fiander Matthew , Burns Tom 
Published: July 2014

The focus of mental health care has seen a significant shift from institutional care to community based care and has been well described (Thornicroft & Bebbington, 1989). This shift has necessitated the development of new and flexible models for ensuring that patients' needs are met. Mental health professionals have to operate across a wide range of community contexts dealing with a complex range of needs. Intensive Case Management (ICM) also known as Assertive Community Treatment is a model of service provision to the long term mentally ill in the community. The Programme of Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) developed by Stein & Test (1980) in the United States has a number of Key elements (figure 1).ACT-based ICM is unusual in that it has been extensively researched (principally in the United States of America), and programmes are relatively well described. Such descriptions, especially of programmes outside America, often focus on underlying principals and philosophies and do little to measure practice. Teague et al. (1995), however, devised clear criteria for measuring practice components and McGrew et al. (1994) asked ACT “experts” to rate the “key” elements of PACT and related a number of these to levels of hospital use. In the United Kingdom, Thornicroft (1991) listed twelve axes for describing the central practice characteristics of case management (a broad concept including ICM). These UK ‘practice characteristics’ also focus more on macro-level programme description rather than on the practices of programme staff. There is a pressing need for research into exactly what teams do.
Evaluating mental health services. A world perspective
Authors: Sartorius Norman 
Published: July 2014

Evaluations of mental health services are much in demand. Their results are supposed to help in improving the quality of mental health care and in making them economically better viable.Yet, world-wide there is:
1)little agreement about the content of terms such as evaluation, mental health service, outcome of an activity although these and other terms are widely used;2)uncertainty about the best use of results of evaluative research;3)lack of consensus about who should evaluate what and by what method.
YASARA View—molecular graphics for all devices—from smartphones to workstations
Authors: Krieger Elmar , Vriend Gert 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Summary: Today's graphics processing units (GPUs) compose the scene from individual triangles. As about 320 triangles are needed to approximate a single sphere—an atom—in a convincing way, visualizing larger proteins with atomic details requires tens of millions of triangles, far too many for smooth interactive frame rates. We describe a new approach to solve this ‘molecular graphics problem’, which shares the work between GPU and multiple CPU cores, generates high-quality results with perfectly round spheres, shadows and ambient lighting and requires only OpenGL 1.0 functionality, without any pixel shader Z -buffer access (a feature which is missing in most mobile devices).
Availability and implementation: YASARA View, a molecular modeling program built around the visualization algorithm described here, is freely available (including commercial use) for Linux, MacOS, Windows and Android (Intel) from www.YASARA.org .
Contact: elmar@yasara.org
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
TAPAS: tools to assist the targeted protein quantification of human alternative splice variants
Authors: Yang Jae-Seong , Sabidó Eduard , Serrano Luis , Kiel Christina 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Motivation: In proteomes of higher eukaryotes, many alternative splice variants can only be detected by their shared peptides. This makes it highly challenging to use peptide-centric mass spectrometry to distinguish and to quantify protein isoforms resulting from alternative splicing events.
Results: We have developed two complementary algorithms based on linear mathematical models to efficiently compute a minimal set of shared and unique peptides needed to quantify a set of isoforms and splice variants. Further, we developed a statistical method to estimate the splice variant abundances based on stable isotope labeled peptide quantities. The algorithms and databases are integrated in a web-based tool, and we have experimentally tested the limits of our quantification method using spiked proteins and cell extracts.
Availability and implementation: The TAPAS server is available at URL http://davinci.crg.es/tapas/ .
Contact: luis.serrano@crg.eu or christina.kiel@crg.eu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
vanI: a novel d‐Ala‐d‐Lac vancomycin resistance gene cluster found in Desulfitobacterium hafniense
Authors: Kruse Thomas , Levisson Mark , de Vos Willem M. , Smidt Hauke 
Published: July 2014

SummaryThe glycopeptide vancomycin was until recently considered a drug of last resort against Gram‐positive bacteria. Increasing numbers of bacteria, however, are found to carry genes that confer resistance to this antibiotic. So far, 10 different vancomycin resistance clusters have been described. A chromosomal vancomycin resistance gene cluster was previously described for the anaerobic Desulfitobacterium hafniense Y51. We demonstrate that this gene cluster, characterized by its d‐Ala‐d‐Lac ligase‐encoding vanI gene, is present in all strains of D. hafniense, D. chlororespirans and some strains of Desulfosporosinus spp. This gene cluster was not found in vancomycin‐sensitive Desulfitobacterium or Desulfosporosinus spp., and we show that this antibiotic resistance can be exploited as an intrinsic selection marker for Desulfitobacterium hafniense and D. chlororespirans. The gene cluster containing vanI is phylogenetically only distantly related with those described from soil and gut bacteria, but clusters instead with vancomycin resistance genes found within the phylum Actinobacteria that include several vancomycin‐producing bacteria. It lacks a vanH homologue, encoding a D‐lactate dehydrogenase, previously thought to always be present within vancomycin resistance gene clusters. The location of vanH outside the resistance gene cluster likely hinders horizontal gene transfer. Hence, the vancomycin resistance cluster in D. hafniense should be regarded a novel one that we here designated vanI after its unique d‐Ala‐d‐Lac ligase.
Association analysis of PTPN22, CTLA4 and IFIH1 genes with type 1 diabetes in Colombian families在哥伦比亚家族中进行的PTPN22、CTLA4以及IFIH1基因与1型糖尿病的相关性分析
Authors: Rodríguez Alejandra , Alfaro Juan Manuel , Balthazar Vital , Pineda Trujillo Nicolás 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundProtein tyrosine phosphatase, non‐receptor type 22 (lymphoid) (PTPN22), cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte‐associated protein 4 (CTLA4), and interferon induced with helicase C domain 1 (IFIH1) are among the confirmed type 1 diabetes (T1D) susceptibility genes in several populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of PTPN22, CTLA4, and IFIH1 gene variants in the development of T1D in a Colombian population.MethodsAssociations of PTPN22, CTLA4, and IFIH1 variants with T1D were investigated in a sample of 197 nuclear families, including 205 affected children, in the Colombian population. Three to four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analyzed per gene: rs2476600, rs2476601, rs1217418, and rs2488457 for PTPN22; rs1990760, rs3747517, and rs10930046 for IFIH1; and rs231775, rs3087243, and rs231779 for CTLA4. A transmission disequilibrium test was performed for the global sample, in addition to stratified analysis considering autoimmunity, age at onset, and parent of origin. Haplotypes per gene were also analyzed.ResultsThere was no significant transmission distortion for CTLA4. Conversely, SNPs rs10930046 (IFIH1) and rs2476601 (PTPN222) exhibited significant transmission distortion of the C and T alleles, respectively, from parents to affected children (odds ratio [OR] 0.57 and 1.83, respectively). In addition, decreased transmission of the C allele for rs10930046 occurred preferentially from mothers. Stratification analysis revealed that this association was maintained in individuals who were positive for autoantibodies and in those with an age of diagnosis <5 years.ConclusionThe results show that IFIH1 and PTPN22 are associated with T1D in Colombian families.
Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors' Standardized Letter of Recommendation: The Program Director's Perspective
Authors: Love Jeffrey N. , Smith Jessica , Weizberg Moshe , Doty Christopher I. , Garra Greg , Avegno Jennifer , Howell John M. ,   The SLOR Task Force
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectivesThe standardized letter of evaluation (SLOE) was created in 1997 to provide residency program directors (PDs) with a summative evaluation that incorporates normative grading (i.e., comparisons to peers applying to emergency medicine [EM] training). Although the standard letter of recommendation (SLOR) has become increasingly popular and important in decision‐making, it has not been studied in the past 12 years. To assess the SLOR's effectiveness and limitations, the perspective of EM PDs was surveyed in this study.MethodsAfter validation of the questionnaire by 10 retired PDs, the survey was sent to the PD of each of the 159 EM residencies that existed at that time. The survey was circulated via the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors' (CORD) listserv from January 24, 2013, to February 13, 2013. Weekly e‐mail reminders to all PDs served to increase participation.ResultsA total of 150 of 159 PDs (94.3%) completed the questionnaire. Nearly all respondents (149 of 150; 99.3%) agreed that the SLOR is an important evaluative tool and should continue to be used. In the application process, 91 of 150 (60.7%) programs require one or more SLORs, and an additional 55 (36.7%) recommend but do not require a SLOR to be considered for interview. When asked to identify the top three factors in deciding who should be interviewed, the SLOR was ranked first (139 of 150; 92.7%), with EM rotation grades ranked second (73 of 150; 48.7%). The factors that were most often identified as the top three that diminish the value of the SLOR in order were 1) “inflated evaluations” (121 of 146; 82.9%), 2) “inconsistency between comments and grades” (106 of 146; 72.6%), and 3) “inadequate perspective on candidate attributes in the written comments” and “inexperienced authors” (60 of 146; 41.1% each).ConclusionsThe SLOR appears to be the most important tool in the EM PD's armamentarium for determining which candidates should be interviewed for residency training. Although valuable, the SLOR's potential utility is hampered by a number of factors, the most important of which is inflated evaluations. Focused changes in the SLOR template should be mindful that it appears, in general, to be successful in its intended purpose.
Characteristics and Thirty‐day Outcomes of Emergency Department Patients With Elevated Creatine Kinase
Authors: Grunau Brian E. , Pourvali Reza , Wiens Matthew O. , Levin Adeera , Li Jennifer , Grafstein Eric , Joo Dan , Scheuermeyer Frank Xavier 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectivesRhabdomyolysis, as defined by an elevation in creatine kinase (CK), may lead to hemodialysis and death in emergency department (ED) patients, but the patient characteristics, associated conditions, and 30‐day outcomes of patients with CK values over 1,000 U/L have not been described.MethodsAll consecutive ED patients with serum CK values over 1,000 U/L between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2008, were retrospectively identified from two urban hospitals. Patient characteristics, ED treatment, and ED discharge diagnoses were determined by medical record review. Provincial databases were linked to identify patients who died or were treated with hemodialysis within 30 days. The primary outcome was the combined occurrence of death or need for hemodialysis within 30 days. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and the proportion of patients with initial estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 who died or required hemodialysis.ResultsFour‐hundred patients were identified, the median age was 50 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 35 to 69 years), and 77% were male, with 35% of patients discharged home from the ED. The most common ED discharge diagnoses were related to recreational drug use, infections, and traumatic or musculoskeletal complaints. Within 30 days, 32 (8.0%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.3% to 11%) experienced primary outcomes, with 18 (4.5%, 95% CI = 2.55% to 6.5%) requiring hemodialysis and 21 deaths (5.3%, 95% CI = 3.1% to 7.4%). AKI occurred in 151 patients (38%, 95% CI = 33% to 43%). Of the 257 patients (64%) with initial eGFRs > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, none required hemodialysis.ConclusionsIn ED patients with initial CK > 1,000 U/L, the incidence of death or hemodialysis was 8% within 30 days. Patients with initial eGFRs > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 appear to be at a low risk of these outcomes from rhabdomyolysis.
A Comparison of Cosmetic Outcomes of Lacerations on the Extremities and Trunk Using Absorbable Versus Nonabsorbable Sutures
Authors: Tejani Cena , Sivitz Adam B. , Rosen Micheal D. , Nakanishi Albert K. , Flood Robert G. , Clott Mathew A. , Saccone Paul G. , Luck Raemma P. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectivesThe primary objective was to compare the cosmetic outcomes of traumatic trunk and extremity lacerations repaired using absorbable versus nonabsorbable sutures. The secondary objective was to compare complication rates between the two groups.MethodsThis was a randomized controlled trial comparing wounds repaired with Vicryl Rapide and Prolene sutures. Pediatric and adult patients with lacerations were enrolled in the study. At a 10‐day follow‐up, the wounds were evaluated for infection and dehiscence. After 3 months, patients returned to have the wounds photographed. Two plastic surgeons blinded to the method of closure rated the cosmetic outcome of each wound using a 100‐mm visual analog scale (VAS). Using a noninferiority design, a VAS score of 13 mm or greater was considered to be a clinically significant difference. We used a Student's t‐test to compare differences between mean VAS scores and odds ratios (ORs) to compare differences in complication rates between the two groups.ResultsOf the 115 patients enrolled, 73 completed the study including 35 in the Vicryl Rapide group and 38 in the Prolene group. The mean (±SD) age of patients who completed the study was 22.1 (±15.5) years, and 39 were male. We found no significant differences in the age, race, sex, length of wound, number of sutures, or layers of repair in the two groups. The observer's mean VAS for the Vicryl Rapide group was 54.1 mm (95% confidence interval [CI] = 44.5 to 67.0 mm) and for the Prolene group was 54.5 mm (95% CI = 45.7 to 66.3 mm). The resulting mean difference was 0.5 mm (95% CI = –12.1 to 17.2 mm; p = 0.9); thus noninferiority was established. Statistical testing showed no differences in the rates of complications between the two groups, but a higher percentage of the Vicryl Rapide wounds developed complications.ConclusionsThe use of absorbable sutures for the repair of simple lacerations on the trunk and extremities should be considered as an alternative to nonabsorbable suture repair.