bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coincidence point theorems for weak graph preserving multi-valued mapping
Authors: Phon-on Aniruth , Sama-Ae Areeyuth , Makaje Nifatamah , Riyapan Pakwan , Busaman Saofee 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we prove some coincidence and fixed point theorems for a new type of multi-valued weak G-contraction mapping with compact values. The results of this paper extend and generalize several known results from a complete metric space endowed with a graph. Some examples are given to illustrate the usability of our results.

MSC:47H04, 47H10.
On new fixed point results for "Equation missing" -contractive multi-valued mappings onα-complete metric spaces and their consequences
Authors: Kutbi Marwan Amin , Sintunavarat Wutiphol 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to establish new fixed point results formulti-valued mappings satisfying an "Equation missing"-contractive condition, and viaBianchini-Grandolfi gauge functions, on α-complete metric spaces.Our results unify, generalize, and complement various results from theliterature. We also give examples which support our main result while previousresults in the literature are not applicable. Some of the fixed point results inmetric spaces endowed with an arbitrary binary relation and endowed with a graphare given here to illustrate the usability of the obtained results.MSC: 47H10, 54H25.
Approximate controllability and optimal controls of fractional evolution systems in abstract spaces
Authors: Qin Haiyong , Liu Jianwei , Zuo Xin , Liu Lishan 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this paper, under the assumption that the corresponding linear system is approximately controllable, we obtain the approximate controllability of semilinear fractional evolution systems in Hilbert spaces. The approximate controllability results are proved by means of the Hölder inequality, the Banach contraction mapping principle, and the Schauder fixed point theorem. We also discuss the existence of optimal controls for semilinear fractional controlled systems. Finally, an example is also given to illustrate the applications of the main results.

MSC:26A33, 49J15, 49K27, 93B05, 93C25.
Protein Kinase Cδ Mediates Histamine-Evoked Itch and Responses in Pruriceptors
Authors: Valtcheva Manouela V , Davidson Steve , Zhao Chengshui , Leitges Michael , Gereau Robert W 
Published: June 2015

Background Itch-producing compounds stimulate receptors expressed on small diameter fibers that innervate the skin. Many of the currently known pruritogen receptors are Gq Protein-Coupled Receptors (GqPCR), which activate Protein Kinase C (PKC). Specific isoforms of PKC have been previously shown to perform selective functions; however, the roles of PKC isoforms in regulating itch remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the novel PKC isoform PKCδ as an intracellular modulator of itch signaling in response to histamine and the non-histaminergic pruritogens chloroquine and β-alanine. Results Behavioral experiments indicate that PKCδ knock-out (KO) mice have a 40% reduction in histamine-induced scratching when compared to their wild type littermates. On the other hand, there were no differences between the two groups in scratching induced by the MRGPR agonists chloroquine or β-alanine. PKCδ was present in small diameter dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Of PKCδ-expressing neurons, 55% also stained for the non-peptidergic marker IB4, while a smaller percentage (15%) expressed the peptidergic marker CGRP. Twenty-nine percent of PKCδ-expressing neurons also expressed TRPV1. Calcium imaging studies of acutely dissociated DRG neurons from PKCδ-KO mice show a 40% reduction in the total number of neurons responsive to histamine. In contrast, there was no difference in the number of capsaicin-responsive neurons between KO and WT animals. Acute pharmacological inhibition of PKCδ with an isoform-specific peptide inhibitor (δV1-1) also significantly reduced the number of histamine-responsive sensory neurons. Conclusions Our findings indicate that PKCδ plays a role in mediating histamine-induced itch, but may be dispensable for chloroquine- and β-alanine-induced itch.
What are the local impacts of energy systems on marine ecosystem services: a systematic map protocol
Authors: Papathanasopoulou Eleni , Queirós Ana M , Beaumont Nicola , Hooper Tara , Nunes Joana 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Background
Increasing concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHG) and its impact on the climate has resulted in many international governments committing to reduce their GHG emissions. The UK, for example, has committed to reducing its carbon emissions by 80% by 2050. Suggested ways of reaching such a target are to increase dependency on offshore wind, offshore gas and nuclear. It is not clear, however, how the construction, operation and decommissioning of these energy systems will impact marine ecosystem services, i.e. the services obtained by people from the natural environment such as food provisioning, climate regulation and cultural inspiration.
Research on ecosystem service impacts associated with offshore energy technologies is still in its infancy. The objective of this review is to bolster the evidence base by firstly, recording and describing the impacts of energy technologies at the marine ecosystems and human level in a consistent and transparent way; secondly, to translate these ecosystem and human impacts into ecosystem service impacts by using a framework to ensure consistency and comparability. The output of this process will be an objective synthesis of ecosystem service impacts comprehensive enough to cover different types of energy under the same analysis and to assist in informing how the provision of ecosystem services will change under different energy provisioning scenarios.

Methods
Relevant studies will be sourced using publication databases and selected using a set of selection criteria including the identification of: (i) relevant subject populations such as marine and coastal species, marine habitat types and the general public; (ii) relevant exposure types including offshore wind farms, offshore oil and gas platforms and offshore structures connected with nuclear; (iii) relevant outcomes including changes in species structure and diversity; changes in benthic, demersal and pelagic habitats; and changes in cultural services. The impacts will be synthesised and described using a systematic map. To translate these findings into ecosystem service impacts, the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES) and Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) frameworks are used and a detailed description of the steps taken provided to ensure transparency and replicability.
Effect on β-galactosidase synthesis and burden on growth of osmotic stress in Escherichia coli
Authors: Malakar Pushkar , Singh Vivek K , Karmakar Richa , Venkatesh Kareenhalli V 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Osmotic Shock is known to negatively affect growth rate along with an extended lag phase. The reduction in growth rate can be characterized as burden due to the osmotic stress. Studies have shown that production of unnecessary protein also burdens cellular growth. This has been demonstrated by growing Escherichia coli on glycerol in the presence of Isopropyl-β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) to induce β-galactosidase synthesis which does not offer any benefit towards growth. The trade off between osmotic stress and burden on growth due to unnecessary gene expression has not been enumerated. The influence of osmotic stress on β-galactosidase synthesis and activity is not clearly understood. Here, we study the effect of salt concentration on β-galactosidase activity and burden on growth due to unnecessary gene expression in E.coli. We characterize the burden on growth in presence of varying concentrations of salt in the presence of IPTG using three strains, namely wild type, ∆lacI and ∆lacIlacZ mutant strains. We demonstrate that the salt concentrations, sensitively inhibits enzyme synthesis thereby influencing the burden on growth. In a wild type strain, addition of lactose into the medium demonstrated growth benefit at low salt concentration but not at higher concentrations. The extent of burden due to osmotic shock was higher in a lactose M9 medium than in a glycerol M9 medium. A linear relationship was observed between enzyme activity and burden on growth in various media types studied.
Incidence of and risk factors for severe cardiovascular collapse after endotracheal intubation in the ICU: a multicenter observational study
Authors: Perbet Sebastien , De Jong Audrey , Delmas Julie , Futier Emmanuel , Pereira Bruno , Jaber Samir , Constantin Jean-Michel 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Severe cardiovascular collapse (CVC) is a life-threatening complication after emergency endotracheal intubation (ETI) in the ICU. Many factors may interact with hemodynamic conditions during ETI, but no study to date has focused on factors associated with severe CVC occurrence. This study assessed the incidence of severe CVC after ETI in the ICU and analyzed the factors predictive of severe CVC.

Methods
This was a secondary analysis of a prospective multicenter study of 1,400 consecutive intubations at 42 ICUs. The incidence of severe CVC was assessed in patients who were hemodynamically stable (mean arterial blood pressure >65 mmHg without vasoactive drugs) before intubation, and the factors predictive of severe CVC were determined by multivariate analysis based on patient and procedure characteristics.

Results
Severe CVC occurred following 264 of 885 (29.8 %) intubation procedures. A two-step multivariate analysis showed that independent risk factors for CVC included simple acute physiologic score II regardless of age (odds ratio (OR) 1.02, p < 0.001), age 60–75 years (OR 1.96, p < 0.002 versus <60 years) and >75 years (OR 2.81, p < 0.001 versus <60 years), acute respiratory failure as a reason for intubation (OR 1.51, p = 0.04), first intubation in the ICU (OR 1.61, p = 0.02), noninvasive ventilation as a preoxygenation method (OR 1.54, p = 0.03) and inspired oxygen concentration >70 % after intubation (OR 1.91, p = 0.001). Comatose patients who required ETI were less likely to develop CVC during intubation (OR 0.48, p = 0.004).

Conclusions
CVC is a frequent complication, especially in old and severely ill patients intubated for acute respiratory failure in the ICU. Specific bundles to prevent CVC may reduce morbidity and mortality related to intubation of these high-risk, critically ill patients.

Trial registration
clinicaltrials.gov NCT01532063; registered 8 February 2012.
PTK6 inhibition promotes apoptosis of Lapatinib-resistant Her2+ breast cancer cells by inducing Bim
Authors: Park Sun Hee , Ito Koichi , Olcott William , Katsyv Igor , Halstead-Nussloch Gwyneth , Irie Hanna Y. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Protein tyrosine kinase 6 (PTK6) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that is highly expressed in Human Epidermal Growth Factor 2+ (Her2+) breast cancers. Overexpression of PTK6 enhances anchorage-independent survival, proliferation, and migration of breast cancer cells. We hypothesized that PTK6 inhibition is an effective strategy to inhibit growth and survival of Her2+ breast cancer cells, including those that are relatively resistant to Lapatinib, a targeted therapy for Her2+ breast cancer, either intrinsically or acquired after continuous drug exposure.

Methods
To determine the effects of PTK6 inhibition on Lapatinib-resistant Her2+ breast cancer cell lines (UACC893R1 and MDA-MB-453), we used short hairpin ribonucleic acid (shRNA) vectors to downregulate PTK6 expression. We determined the effects of PTK6 downregulation on growth and survival in vitro and in vivo, as well as the mechanisms responsible for these effects.

Results
Lapatinib treatment of “sensitive” Her2+ cells induces apoptotic cell death and enhances transcript and protein levels of Bim, a pro-apoptotic Bcl2 family member. In contrast, treatment of relatively “resistant” Her2+ cells fails to induce Bim or enhance levels of cleaved, poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP). Downregulation of PTK6 expression in these “resistant” cells enhances Bim expression, resulting in apoptotic cell death. PTK6 downregulation impairs growth of these cells in in vitro 3-D MatrigelTM cultures, and also inhibits growth of Her2+ primary tumor xenografts. Bim expression is critical for apoptosis induced by PTK6 downregulation, as co-expression of Bim shRNA rescued these cells from PTK6 shRNA-induced death. The regulation of Bim by PTK6 is not via changes in Erk/MAPK or Akt signaling, two pathways known to regulate Bim expression. Rather, PTK6 downregulation activates p38, and pharmacological inhibition of p38 activity prevents PTK6 shRNA-induced Bim expression and partially rescues cells from apoptosis.

Conclusions
PTK6 downregulation induces apoptosis of Lapatinib-resistant Her2+ breast cancer cells by enhancing Bim expression via p38 activation. As Bim expression is a critical biomarker for response to many targeted therapies, PTK6 inhibition may offer a therapeutic approach to treating patients with Her2 targeted therapy-resistant breast cancers.
Behaviors of stem cells on carbon nanotube
Authors: Lee Ju-Ro , Ryu Seungmi , Kim Soojin , Kim Byung-Soo 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Regulating stem cell microenvironment is one of the essential elements in stem cell culture. Recently, carbon nanotube (CNT) has come into the spotlight as a biomaterial that retains unique properties. Based on its high chemical stability, elasticity, mechanical strength, and electrical conductivity, CNT shows great potential as an application for biomedical substrate. Also, properties of CNT could be further regulated by appropriate chemical modifications of CNT. Recent studies reported that modulating the cellular microenvironment through the use of CNT and chemically modified CNT as cell culture substrates can affect proliferation and differentiation of various types of stem cells. This review summarizes the unique biological effects of CNT on stem cells.
Increased autophagy and apoptosis contribute to muscle atrophy in a myotonic dystrophy type 1 Drosophila model
Authors: Bargiela Ariadna , Cerro-Herreros Estefanía , Fernandez-Costa Juan M. , Vilchez Juan J. , Llamusi Beatriz , Artero Ruben 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT
Muscle mass wasting is one of the most debilitating symptoms of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) disease, ultimately leading to immobility, respiratory defects, dysarthria, dysphagia and death in advanced stages of the disease. In order to study the molecular mechanisms leading to the degenerative loss of adult muscle tissue in DM1, we generated an inducible Drosophila model of expanded CTG trinucleotide repeat toxicity that resembles an adult-onset form of the disease. Heat-shock induced expression of 480 CUG repeats in adult flies resulted in a reduction in the area of the indirect flight muscles. In these model flies, reduction of muscle area was concomitant with increased apoptosis and autophagy. Inhibition of apoptosis or autophagy mediated by the overexpression of DIAP1, mTOR (also known as Tor) or muscleblind, or by RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing of autophagy regulatory genes, achieved a rescue of the muscle-loss phenotype. In fact, mTOR overexpression rescued muscle size to a size comparable to that in control flies. These results were validated in skeletal muscle biopsies from DM1 patients in which we found downregulated autophagy and apoptosis repressor genes, and also in DM1 myoblasts where we found increased autophagy. These findings provide new insights into the signaling pathways involved in DM1 disease pathogenesis.
New Test Facilities For GNSS Testing And Dynamic Calibration
Authors: Trzuskowsky Andreas , Abel Dirk , Pölöskey Martin , Hoelper Carsten 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
With Galileo, the European GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) starting early services in 2015, open-area-testing of applications which use the new positioning system gets more and more important. This contribution gives an overview on existing test sites like railGATE, automotiveGATE and seaGATE, it highlights the latest addition for dynamic calibration with geodetic precision and finally describes the testing regime of the BONUS project ANCHOR, where multiple test sites are used for maximum benefit in a maritime application.
Navigation Decision Supporting System (NAVDEC) — Testing In Real Condition
Authors: Wołejsza Piotr 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe known navigational systems in use and methods of navigational decision support perform information functions and as such are helpful in the process of safe conduct of a vessel. However, none of these known systems provides a navigator with ready solutions of collision situations taking account of all the vessels in the proximity of own ship, where the Collision Regulations apply. This paper presents testing results of NAVDEC — new Navigational Decision Supporting System created by research team from Szczecin Maritime University both for ocean going ships and pleasure crafts Tests were carried out in real condition on board container vessel. Testing results were presented on example encounter situation between Hammonia Berolina (own ship) and FR8 Fortitude (target ship). Encounter parameters were compared with data received from Full mission simulator.
Prevalence of hemostatic alterations in patients with recurrent spontaneous subconjunctival hemorrhage
Authors: Fierro Tiziana , Bartolini Anna , Mezzasoma Anna Maria , Guglielmini Giuseppe , Falcinelli Emanuela , Orsini Sara , Momi Stefania , Cagini Carlo , Gresele Paolo 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSubconjunctival hemorrage (SCH) is a frequent, mild bleeding manifestation and a common cause of consultation. Hemostatic alterations are possible causes of SCH but their role and prevalence is unknown. We assessed the prevalence of hemostatic abnormalities in patients with spontaneous, recurrent SCH to clarify the role of the hemostasis laboratory in this clinical setting.A total of 105 SCH patients (21–78 years, 65 females) with no identifiable cause (hypertension-trauma-conjunctivitis) or concomitant treatments (NSAIDs- aspirin-oral anticoagulants-antiplatelet agents) and 53 age and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) (22–72 years, 29 females) were evaluated for skin bleeding time, PFA-100Prevalence of hemostatic abnormalities was not higher in the SCH population than in HCs BSS was 0.83 (95% CI 0.62–1.06) in SCH and 0.66 (0.37–0.95) in HC (p=NS). Type I Von Willebrand disease was diagnosed in one SCH and none HC patients, a prevalence not significantly different (p=NS by χThe prevalence of hemostatic alterations in patients with recurrent, spontaneous SCH is not different from the general population; hemostatic screening or second level tests are of no use in patients with recurrent SCH and no other bleedings.
Numerical Analysis including Pressure Drop in Oscillating Water Column Device
Authors: das Neves Gomes Mateus , Domingues dos Santos Elizaldo , Isoldi Liércio André , Rocha Luiz Alberto Oliveira 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe wave energy conversion into electricity has been increasingly studied in the last years. There are several proposed converters. Among them, the oscillatingwater column (OWC) device has been widespread evaluated in literature. In this context, the main goal of this work was to perform a comparison between two kinds of physical constraints in the chimney of the OWC device, aiming to represent numerically the pressure drop imposed by the turbine on the air flow inside the OWC. To do so, the conservation equations of mass,momentumand one equation for the transport of volumetric fraction were solved with the finite volume method (FVM). To tackle thewater-air interaction, the multiphase model volume of fluid (VOF)was used. Initially, an asymmetric constraint inserted in chimney duct was reproduced and investigated. Subsequently, a second strategywas proposed,where a symmetric physical constraint with an elliptical shapewas analyzed. Itwas thus possible to establish a strategy to reproduce the pressure drop in OWC devices caused by the presence of the turbine, as well as to generate its characteristic curve.
Evaluating the use of gas discharge visualization to measure massage therapy outcomes
Authors: Haun Jolie , Patel Nitin , Schwartz Gary , Ritenbaugh Cheryl 
Published: June 2015

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term effects of massage therapy using gas discharge visualization (GDV), a computerized biophysical electrophoton capture (EPC), in tandem with traditional self-report measures to evaluate the use of GDV measurement to assess the bioenergetic whole-person effects of massage therapy.: This study used a single treatment group, pre–post-repeated measures design with a sample of 23 healthy adults. This study utilized a single 50-min full-body relaxation massage with participants. GDV measurement method, an EPC, and traditional paper-based measures evaluating pain, stress, muscle tension, and well-being were used to assess intervention outcomes.: Significant differences were found between pre- and post-measures of well-being, pain, stress, muscle tension, and GDV parameters. Pearson correlations indicate the GDV measure is correlated with pain and stress, variables that impact the whole person.: This study demonstrates that GDV parameters may be used to indicate significant bioenergetic change from pre- to post-massage. Findings warrant further investigation with a larger diverse sample size and control group to further explore GDV as a measure of whole-person bioenergetic effects associated with massage.
Translation as Innovation in Literature: the case of a Sanskrit Buddhist poem translated into Chinese
Authors: Lettere Laura 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAs many other religions have done, Buddhism developed and evolved over the centuries in order to fulfil social needs and to adapt to different cultural backgrounds. Following the commercial routes in Central Asia, from around the second century BCE, Buddhist texts first arrived in China, and consequently a new compelling need to translate them for the use of new followers developed. This paper attempts to describe the many difficulties faced by the first Buddhist translators through the analysis of the translation of a particular poem, the Buddhacarita. The case study aims at pointing out how this translation process involved linguistic, religious and cultural issues.