bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trigeminal neuralgia – a coherent cross-specialty management program
Authors: Heinskou Tone , Maarbjerg Stine , Rochat Per , Wolfram Frauke , Jensen Rigmor Højland , Bendtsen Lars 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Background
Optimal management of patients with classical trigeminal neuralgia (TN) requires specific treatment programs and close collaboration between medical, radiological and surgical specialties. Organization of such treatment programs has never been described before. With this paper we aim to describe the implementation and feasibility of an accelerated cross-speciality management program, to describe the collaboration between the involved specialties and to report the patient flow during the first 2 years after implementation. Finally, we aim to stimulate discussions about optimal management of TN.

Methods
Based on collaboration between neurologists, neuroradiologists and neurosurgeons a standardized program for TN was implemented in May 2012 at the Danish Headache Center (DHC). First out-patient visit and subsequent 3.0 Tesla MRI scan was booked in an accelerated manner. The MRI scan was performed according to a special TN protocol developed for this program. Patients initially referred to neurosurgery were re-directed to DHC for pre-surgical evaluation of diagnosis and optimization of medical treatment. Follow-up was 2 years with fixed visits where medical treatment and indication for neurosurgery was continuously evaluated. Scientific data was collected in a structured and prospective manner.

Results
From May 2012 to April 2014, 130 patients entered the accelerated program. Waiting time for the first out-patient visit was 42 days. Ninety-four percent of the patients had a MRI performed according to the special protocol after a mean of 37 days. Within 2 years follow-up 35 % of the patients were referred to neurosurgery after a median time of 65 days. Five scientific papers describing demographics, clinical characteristics and neuroanatomical abnormalities were published.

Conclusion
The described cross-speciality management program proved to be feasible and to have acceptable waiting times for referral and highly specialized work-up of TN patients in a public tertiary referral centre for headache and facial pain. Early high quality MRI ensured correct diagnosis and that the neurosurgeons had a standardized basis before decision-making on impending surgery. The program ensured that referral of the subgroup of patients in need for surgery was standardized, ensured continuous evaluation of the need for adjustments in pharmacological management and formed the basis for scientific research.
Population attitudes towards research use of health care registries: a population-based survey in Finland
Authors: Eloranta Katariina , Auvinen Anssi 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Background
Register-based research can provide important and valuable contributions to public health research, but involves ethical issues concerning the balance of public health benefits and individual autonomy. This study aimed to describe the opinions of the Finnish public about these issues.

Methods
Mail survey questionnaire sent to a random sample of 1000 Finns.

Results
Participation proportion was 42 %, with 258 women and 160 men. The majority of the participants (61 %) were willing to provide their identifiable health information for research. Almost half of the participants (48 %) would, nevertheless, like to be informed when their information is used. A third (30 %) indicated no need for informed consent in register-based research, a similar proportion felt it should be obtained for every study, and 40 % thought it necessary in some situations, such as studies addressing a sensitive study topic. As for the best policy for obtaining consent, the majority (86 %) favoured broader consent methods: one consent covering a certain register or a research topic. Half of the participants (55 %) desired a required ethical evaluation from register-based research addressing a sensitive issue. Privacy protection was the most common concern for register-based research. More than half of the participants were either content with the current Finnish laws concerning register-based research or wanted to liberalize them to advance research.

Conclusions
The Finnish public is supportive of register-based research, but the requirement for informed consent divides opinions and many would at least like to be informed of the research use of their information.
Absorption, distribution and excretion of intravenously injected 68Ge/68Ga generator eluate in healthy rats, and estimation of human radiation dosimetry
Authors: Autio Anu , Virtanen Helena , Tolvanen Tuula , Liljenbäck Heidi , Oikonen Vesa , Saanijoki Tiina , Siitonen Riikka , Käkelä Meeri , Schüssele Andrea , Teräs Mika , Roivainen Anne 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Background
This study evaluated the absorption, distribution, and excretion of Gallium-68 (68Ga) radionuclide after a single intravenous (i.v.) injection of 68Ge/68Ga generator eluate in healthy rats. Additionally, human radiation doses were estimated from the rat data.

Methods
Twenty-one female and 21 male Sprague-Dawley rats were i.v. injected with 47 ± 4 MBq of 68Ge/68Ga generator eluate, and the radioactivity of excised organs was measured using a gamma counter at 5, 30, 60, 120, or 180 min afterwards (n = 3–7 for each time point). The radioactivity concentration and plasma pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Subsequently, the estimates for human radiation dosimetry were determined. Additionally, 4 female and 5 male rats were positron emission tomography (PET) imaged for in vivo visualization of biodistribution.

Results

68Ga radioactivity was cleared relatively slowly from blood circulation and excreted into the urine, with some retention in the liver and spleen. Notably, the 68Ga radioactivity in female genital organs, i.e., the uterus and ovaries, was considerable higher compared with male genitals. Extrapolating from the female and male rat 68Ga data, the estimated effective dose was 0.0308 mSv/MBq for a 57-kg woman and 0.0191 mSv/MBq for a 70-kg man.

Conclusions
The estimated human radiation burden of the 68Ge/68Ga generator eluate was slightly higher for females and similar for males as compared with somatostatin receptor ligands 68Ga-DOTANOC, 68Ga-DOTATOC, and 68Ga-DOTATATE, which is probably due to the retention in the liver and spleen. Our results revealed some differences between female and male rat data, which, at least in part, may be explained by the small sample size.
Quality control and risk assessment of seismic profiles using area-depth-strain analysis
Authors: Groshong Richard H. 
Published: July 2015

Area-depth-strain (ADS) analysis is a method for quantifying the structural style, balance, boundary displacement, detachment locations, and subseismic strain from a seismic profile, information that is particularly useful for quality control and risk analysis. The method is based on measurements of excess area, width, depth, and bed length of multiple horizons in a structure. A balanced structure is indicated by a well-defined line or lines on an area-depth graph. The structural uncertainty or risk of the interpretation is quantified using the fit of the data to the least-squares line(s), the match between the ADS detachment values and the interpreted geometry, and the magnitudes of the calculated strains. The method also clearly separates syntectonic (growth) units from nontectonic (pregrowth and no-growth) units. Different area-depth graph styles represent (1) classic detachment folds, fault-propagation folds, and ramp anticlines; (2) buckle-style detachment folds; and (3) fault-bend folds. The focus here is on the first two. Numerical models of the detachment fold styles show the similarities and differences between their geometries and ADS interpretations. Both styles are evaluated with seismic profiles across oilfield-scale structures. The Alpha/Bobo field, Nigeria, is a classic detachment fold, and an Angolan anticline is of the buckle style. Profiles across the Alpha/Bobo field before and after the first well was drilled demonstrate the improvement in the ADS interpretation of the lower detachment location and the reduction of layer-parallel strains in the revised profile. The Alpha/Bobo field and the Angola fold illustrate the distinction between growth and no-growth intervals and the interpretation of growth strata. Both fields show the use of predicted versus observed ADS results to suggest possible improvements to the interpretation.
Knowledge of risk factors and practices linked to cervical cancer in women aged 25–55 years in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mukona Doreen , Ngesi Jennifer , Zvinavashe Mathilda 
Published: July 2015

Background/Aims: Cervical cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, accounting for one third of all cancer cases in Zimbabwe. The World Health Organization suggests that the disease is generally very advanced at the time of diagnosis due to low uptake of Pap smear screening. A descriptive correlation design was employed in this study to examine and describe the relationship between knowledge of risk factors for cervical cancer and practices that prevent or predispose women aged 25–55 years to cervical cancer. Methods: Face-to-face structured interviews to assess the practices of women (n=80) who present with or are predisposed to cervical cancer. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to analyse data. Results: There was a weak negative correlation (r=–0.84) between being aware of the risk factors for cervical cancer and engaging in practices that predispose women to cervical cancer, such as the use of vaginal herbs. In general, having a better knowledge of risk factors correlated with a slightly decreased propensity to engage in practices that predispose women to cervical cancer. Furthermore, a higher level of education did not translate to increased uptake of cervical cancer screening as 75 (93.8%) and 54 (67.5%) women indicated that they had not attended annual cervical cancer screening or postnatal cervical cancer screening, respectively. Conclusions: Knowledge of the risk factors for cervical cancer among participants was high (95%), despite poor practices and uptake of Pap smear screening. As cervical cancer is potentially preventable, a public health approach should be adopted to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this cancer.
The New Equivocal
Authors: Long Thomas H. , Lawce Helen , Durum Connie , Moore Stephen R. , Olson Susan B. , Gatter Ken , Troxell Megan L. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Objectives:
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2, ERBB2) testing is an important prognostic/predictive marker in breast cancer management, especially in selecting HER2-targeted treatment. American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/College of American Pathologists (CAP) guidelines address HER2 status and were recently revised in 2013, replacing the 2007 version. For in situ hybridization interpretation, 2013 guidelines return to the prior threshold of a HER2/CEP17 ratio of 2.0 or greater for positive and eliminate 1.8 to 2.2 as the equivocal range. Also, the HER2 signal/nucleus ratio is accounted for, with 6.0 or greater for positive and 4.0 to less than 6.0 for equivocal, even in cases with a HER2/CEP17 ratio less than 2.0.

Methods:
With institutional review board approval, we reviewed our 2006 to 2012 HER2 fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results and classified them according to both the 2007 and 2013 guidelines as negative, positive, or equivocal.

Results:
Of 717 HER2 FISH results, 55 (7.7%) changed category when reassessed by 2013 guidelines. Nineteen of 25 results in the 2007 equivocal category were reassigned as positive (n = 13) or negative (n = 6). Thirty-five previously negative cases became equivocal in the 2013 scheme, 12 of these with 1+ immunohistochemistry. The positive category increased from 71 to 85.

Conclusions:
The 2013 ASCO/CAP guidelines increased the number of HER2 FISH positive and equivocal results. The equivocal group is substantially different, posing a dilemma for clinical management.
Transiently Pink-Tinged Serum in a Patient With Multiple Myeloma and Anemia Undergoing Lenalidomide Treatment
Authors: Wedel Whitney , Sofronescu Alina G. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Objectives:
While in vitro hemolysis is a preanalytical interferent, in vivo hemolysis is a pathologic process requiring investigation. We present a case of an anemic patient with multiple myeloma undergoing chemotherapy with lenalidomide who had multiple serum samples drawn before and after chemotherapy treatment. Some of these samples showed hemolysis. This triggered further investigations to differentiate the cause of the hemolysis.

Methods:
Various laboratory tests and additional investigations were necessary to establish the root of the hemolytic process.

Results:
Multiple laboratory tests and a rigorous review of the samples, time of collection, and laboratory results revealed that only samples collected shortly after lenalidomide administration showed hemolysis. This indicates that the chemotherapeutic agent itself was most likely the proximate cause of the in vivo hemolysis in a non–immune-mediated manner.

Conclusions:
Upon administration, chemotherapeutic agents, such as lenalidomide, can immediately induce transient hemolysis, which can be visualized as transiently pink-tinged serum samples.
Minimal Coexpression of CD34+/CD56+ in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Is Associated With Relapse
Authors: Maenhout Thomas M. , Moreau Elisabeth , Van haute Inge , Desmet Stefanie , Deeren Dries 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Objectives:
Surface CD56 expression on leukemic cells in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML) is considered an indicator of poorer outcome even in patients receiving conventional treatment.

Methods:
In the present case, at initial diagnosis, the hallmark phenotype of APML was found (strong CD33 and cytoplasmic MPO expression, absence of HLA-DR expression).

Results:
Both CD34 and CD56 antigen expression was considered negative. The patient relapsed 3 years after reaching complete remission, and the hallmark surface antigen combination for APML was again found. In contrast, the leukemic cells now clearly coexpressed CD34 and CD56. Retrospective analysis revealed the presence of small CD34+ and CD56+ populations at initial diagnosis (&lt;20%).

Conclusions:
This case report suggests that the presence of a clone with minimal coexpression of CD34/CD56 in APML at initial diagnosis should not be neglected since it may be associated with earlier relapse.
Heterogeneity of Abnormal RUNX1 Leading to Clinicopathologic Variations in Childhood B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Knez Virginia M. , Carstens Billie J. , Swisshelm Karen L. , McGranahan Amy N. , Liang Xiayuan 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Objectives:
Abnormalities of the RUNX1 gene in childhood B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) are manifested by ETV6-RUNX1 or RUNX1 amplification. A detailed comparison between the two regarding clinicopathologic features with genetic analysis has not been performed previously. This parallel study assessed how different RUNX1 abnormalities affect the clinicopathology of B-ALL.

Methods:
We compared clinicopathologic factors, including age, sex, WBC count, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) involvement, immunophenotype, and blast proliferation rate between B-ALL with RUNX1 amplification (10 cases) and B-ALL with ETV6-RUNX1 translocation (67 cases) in childhood B-ALL.

Results:
CD7 was often expressed in RUNX1 amplification but not in ETV6-RUNX1 (44% vs 0%, P = .0001) and appeared to correlate with CSF involvement in the former group (3/4 [75%]). CD13 was often detected in ETV6-RUNX1 with additional RUNX1 gain (38%) with an even higher frequency in double ETV6-RUNX1 translocation (77%), but was not detected in RUNX1 amplification (0%, P &lt; .05). Children with RUNX1 amplification were older and more often CSF positive, while those with ETV6-RUNX1 were younger, more frequently had hyperleukocytosis, and had higher blast proliferation rates.

Conclusions:
RUNX1 copy numbers seem to be proportional to the age of B-ALL onset and the frequency of CSF involvement, while RUNX1 amplification vs translocation causes aberrant expression of CD7 and CD13, respectively.
Der Coaching-Markt
Authors: Gross Peter-Paul , Stephan Michael 
Published: July 2015

Zusammenfassung
Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Strukturdaten zum deutschen Coaching-Markt präsentiert, anhand von Tabellen und Abbildungen aus den Marburger Coaching-Studien wird die Popularität und den Verbreitungsgrad von Coaching-Dienstleistungen im deutschen Sprachraum belegt. Der vorliegende Beitrag beantwortet die folgenden Fragen: Wie entwickelt sich der deutsche Coaching-Markt? Wie wird Coaching in Organisationen eingesetzt? Welche Umsätze werden durch Coaching erwirtschaftet?
Investigation of the Thermoelectric Power Factor of KOH-Treated PEDOT:PSS Dispersions for Printing Applications
Authors: Stepien Lukas , Roch Aljoscha , Schlaier Sarah , Dani Ines , Kiriy Anton , Simon Frank , Lukowicz Marian v. , Leyens Christoph 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This work studies the modification of commercially available dispersions of intrinsically conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS with a strong base, KOH. It is concluded that addition of base derives a dedoping of the PEDOT chain and increase Seebeck coefficient from 15 µV/K to 90 µV/K. Supportive UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy was used for tracking the doping level of the polymer. A surface morphology study of the dedoped PEDOT:PSS films was monitored by SEM. It was shown that if KOH is used in excess with respect to the acid component of PEDOT:PSS dispersions, it segregates at the surface forming crystallites. They, however could be easily removed by methanol rinsing without destroying the sample integrity. After material modification, a dispenser-printed polymer unileg-TEG with 61 unicouples was fabricated by printing. The TEG in form of 253 mm-long stripe shows a flexible behavior. At 90 K temperature difference a resulting power output of ~ 100 nW could be measured. We suggest that the low power output is due to a high internal generator resistance.
Turner syndrome in Albania and the efficacy of its treatment with growth hormone
Authors: Hoxha Petrit , Babameto-Laku Anila , Vyshka Gentian , Gjoka Klodiana , Minxuri Dorina , Myrtaj Elira , Çakërri Luljeta 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe aim of this study was the evaluation of Turner syndrome inside the Albanian population, its clinical, cytological and genetic characteristics, the accompanying pathologies, and the efficacy of the treatment with the growth hormone. We performed a retrospective analysis of 59 patients suffering from this syndrome (aging from 5 to 23 years old). The diagnosis of female patients suffering from Turner syndrome is delayed, with a mean age at the moment of diagnosis of 13.74 years (5–23 years). The main reason for seeking medical advice was the growth retardation or a delayed puberty. Available data for 52 patients showed that the most frequent accompanying pathologies were the following: thyroid autoimmune disorders (59%), cardiovascular anomalies (43%), renal pathologies (41%), hearing impairment (4.3%) and hypertension (3.3%). Follow-up for the growth rate was possible for 52 patients out of the total of 59 patients. Twenty-five of the female patients suffering Turner syndrome and forming part of our study sample were treated with growth hormone for a period averaging 3 years and 4 months. A variety of reasons was identified as responsible for the missed treatment in 27 patients. We saw an enhanced growth (in terms of body height) within the treated subgroup, when compared with the untreated subgroup (27 patients), especially during the first 3 years of the follow-up. No side effects of this treatment were reported. Both groups of patients initiated as well a sexual hormone therapy (estrogens and progesterone) for inducing puberty at the age of 12 years. Further work is needed for an early diagnosis of this syndrome, the prompt treatment with growth hormone and the monitoring of accompanying disorders. This will ensure a better quality of life and an improvement of the longevity of patients suffering from the Turner syndrome.
Effect of serum cholesterol on bone mineral density in normal-weight children and adolescents
Authors: Lim Han Hyuk 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe investigated whether there is a relationship between serum cholesterol and bone mineral density (BMD), independent of BMI in children and adolescents. This study was based on data from the KNHANES 2009–2010. The data for 1557 children and adolescents were analyzed and classified into three groups: underweight, normal-weight, and overweight. We analyzed the relationships between serum cholesterol and BMD z-scores. Whole body BMD z-score was revealed as an inverse association with the serum cholesterol quartile in only normal-weight group (p=0.008). Serum cholesterol level correlated more inversely with BMD z-score in normal-weight boys (
Kocher-Debré-Semelaigne syndrome with rhabdomyolysis and increased creatinine
Authors: Cimbek Emine Ayça , Şen Yaşar , Yuca Sevil Arı , Çam Demet , Gür Celal , Peru Harun 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAssociation of Kocher-Debré-Semelaigne syndrome–a myopathy of hypothyroidism in childhood characterized by muscular hypertrophy, with rhabdomyolysis is very rare. We present a case of Kocher-Debré-Semelaigne syndrome with rhabdomyolysis secondary to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. He had muscular symptoms simulating poly/dermatomyositis, massively elevated creatine kinase (CK) levels and high creatinine levels. All of the findings reversed on treatment of hypothyroidism. The response to the therapy strongly suggested that Kocher-Debré-Semelaigne (KDS) syndrome was the underlying etiology. Serum thyroid- stimulating hormone levels should be routinely determined in all patients with muscular symptoms and/or elevation of CK and creatinine, keeping KDS syndrome in mind.
Investigation of Thermoelectric Properties of P-Type GaN Thin Films
Authors: Kucukgok Bahadir , Hussain Babar , Zhou Chuanle , Ferguson Ian T. , Lu Na 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTGaN and its alloys are promising candidates for high temperature thermoelectric (TE) materials due to their high Seebeck coefficient and high thermal and mechanical stability. Moreover, these materials can overcome the toxicity concern of current Te-based TE materials, such as Bi2Te3 and PbTe. These materials have recently shown a higher Seebeck coefficient than that of SiGe in high temperature region because their large bandgap characteristic eliminates the bipolar conduction. In this study, we report the room temperature thermoelectric properties of p-type Mg doped GaN, grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on sapphire substrate with various carrier concentrations. Undoped and n-type GaN are also incorporated with p-type GaN films to make comparison. The structural, optical, electrical, and thermal properties of the samples were examined by X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence, van der Pauw hall-effect, and thermal gradient methods, respectively. The Seebeck coefficient ranging from 710-900µV/K at room temperature of Mg: GaN were observed, which further indicated their potential TE applications.