bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers to dental care for older minority adults
Authors: Davis Demetress L. , Reisine Susan 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTObjectives:To explore factors that motivate and/or discourage use of dental care among low‐income minority older adultsMethods:Participants were recruited from low‐income senior housing in Hartford, CT. In‐depth semistructured interviews were conducted to obtain data on demographics, oral health status, oral health knowledge, and factors that affected use of dental care.Results:Seventeen participants completed interviews. The major perceived barriers to dental care were cost/lack of dental insurance, fear/mistrust of the dentist, and transportation problems. Other factors included having complex medical conditions, no perceived need for care, and lack of knowledge about the importance of dental care.Conclusions:Participants would like to have dental care provided on‐site in the housing complexes. Improving communication between dentists and their older patients would help reduce fear and mistrust. Other health care providers could help educate older patients about oral health, conduct simple oral health screenings, and refer for acute and/or comprehensive care.
Barriers to dental care access for patients with special needs in an affluent metropolitan community
Authors: Williams Julie J. , Spangler Craig C. , Yusaf Nisha K. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTBackground:The number of adults with developmental and acquired disabilities is growing and there are not enough general dentists treating special needs patients to meet the increased demand. In Oakland County, there are 140,160 persons registered with a developmental or acquired disability and only 36 dentists in the county that are indicated for treating patients with special needs.Methods:A survey was sent to 385 students, ages 3 to 26, at six special education schools and developmental centers in Oakland County. There were 117 responses.Results:The most difficult barrier to oral healthcare that adult patients with special needs, encounter is finding a dentist willing to treat these complex patients. 20% of the surveyed population currently does not have a dentist. There is a correlation between decreased dental access and lower median income.Conclusions:There is a significant need for improving special care dentistry training and increasing the number of general dentists that are able and willing to treat adults with special needs. Adequate resources and a database can help caregivers, parents, and medical professionals locate dentists who treat special needs patients. Increased experience for general dentists through residency training and continuing education courses will help to increase confidence and knowledge in practice special care dentistry.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Ruminoclostridium
sp. Ne3, Clostridia from an Enrichment Culture Obtained from Australian Subterranean Termite,
Nasutitermes exitiosus
Authors: Wang Han , Lin Hai , Tran-Dinh Nai , Li Dongmei , Greenfield Paul , Midgley David J. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT

The draft genome sequence of
Ruminoclostridium
sp. Ne3 was reconstructed from the metagenome of a hydrogenogenic microbial consortium growing on xylan. The organism is likely the primary hemicellulose degrader within the consortium.
Genome Sequence of a Copper-Resistant Strain of Acidovorax citrulli Causing Bacterial Fruit Blotch of Melons
Authors: Wang Tielin , Yang Yuwen , Zhao Tingchang 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT

Bacterial fruit blotch (BFB) of melons is a seed-borne disease caused by
Acidovorax citrulli
. We determined the draft genome of
A. citrulli
Tw6. The strain was isolated from a watermelon collected from Beijing, China. The
A. citrulli
Tw6 genome contains 5,080,614 bp and has a G+C content of 68.7 mol%.
Whole-Genome Sequences of Eight Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from Wild Birds
Authors: Shyaka Anselme , Kusumoto Akiko , Asakura Hiroshi , Kawamoto Keiko 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT

We present here the draft genome sequences of 8
Campylobacter jejuni
strains isolated from wild birds. The strains were initially isolated from swabs taken from resident wild birds in the Tokachi area of Japan. The genome sizes range from 1.65 to 1.77 Mbp.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Western Siberian
Lymantria dispar
Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus Isolate
Authors: Kabilov Marsel R. , Martemyanov Vyacheslav V. , Tupikin Alexey E. , Baturina Olga A. , Belousova Irina A. , Bondar Alexander A. , Ilyinykh Alexandr V. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT

A novel strain of
Lymantria dispar
multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (LdMNPV-27) was isolated from dead larvae of a Western Siberian (WS) population of gypsy moths (
Lymantria dispar
L.). We report the complete genome sequence of this strain, comprising 164,108 bp and double-stranded circular DNA encoding 162 predicted open reading frames.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Paenibacillus
sp. Strain IHBB 10380 Using PacBio Single-Molecule Real-Time Sequencing Technology
Authors: Pal Mohinder , Swarnkar Mohit K. , Thakur Rishu , Kiran Shashi , Chhibber Sanjay , Singh Anil K. , Gulati Arvind 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT

The complete genome sequence of 5.77 Mb is reported for
Paenibacillus
sp. strain IHBB 10380, isolated from the cold desert area of the northwestern Himalayas and exhibiting amylase and cellulase activities. The gene-coding clusters predicted the presence of genes for hydrolytic enzymes in the genome.
Draft Genome Sequence of Erythromycin-Resistant Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp.
gallolyticus
NTS 31106099 Isolated from a Patient with Infective Endocarditis and Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kambarev Stanimir , Caté Clément , Corvec Stéphane , Pecorari Frédéric 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT

Streptococcus gallolyticus
subsp.
gallolyticus
is known for its close association with infective endocarditis and colorectal cancer in humans. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of highly erythromycin-resistant strain NTS 31106099 isolated from a patient with infective endocarditis and colorectal cancer.
Medication incidents in primary care medicine: protocol of a study by the Swiss Federal Sentinel Reporting System
Authors: Gnädinger Markus , Ceschi Alessandro , Conen Dieter , Herzig Lilli , Puhan Milo , Staehelin Alfred , Zoller Marco 
Published: April 2015

Background/rationalePatient safety is a major concern in healthcare systems worldwide. Although most safety research has been conducted in the inpatient setting, evidence indicates that medical errors and adverse events are a threat to patients in the primary care setting as well. Since information about the frequency and outcomes of safety incidents in primary care is required, the goals of this study are to describe the type, frequency, seasonal and regional distribution of medication incidents in primary care in Switzerland and to elucidate possible risk factors for medication incidents.Methods and analysisStudy design and setting: We will conduct a prospective surveillance study to identify cases of medication incidents among primary care patients in Switzerland over the course of the year 2015.Participants: Patients undergoing drug treatment by 167 general practitioners or paediatricians reporting to the Swiss Federal Sentinel Reporting System.Inclusion criteria: Anyerroneousevent, as defined by the physician, related to the medication process and interfering with normal treatment course.Exclusion criteria: Lack of treatment effect, adverse drug reactions or drug–drug or drug–disease interactionswithoutdetectable treatment error.Primary outcome: Medication incidents.Risk factors: Age, gender, polymedication, morbidity, care dependency, hospitalisation.Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics to assess type, frequency, seasonal and regional distribution of medication incidents and logistic regression to assess their association with potential risk factors.Estimated sample size: 500 medication incidents.Limitations:We will take into account under-reporting and selective reporting among others as potential sources of bias or imprecision when interpreting the results.Ethics and disseminationNo formal request was necessary because of fully anonymised data. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberNCT0229537.
Myostatin Neutralization Results in Preservation of Muscle Mass and Strength in Preclinical Models of Tumor-Induced Muscle Wasting
Authors: Smith Rosamund C. , Cramer Martin S. , Mitchell Pamela J. , Capen Andrew , Huber Lysiane , Wang Rong , Myers Laura , Jones Bryan E. , Eastwood Brian J. , Ballard Darryl , Hanson Jeff , Credille Kelly M. , Wroblewski Victor J. , Lin Boris K. , Heuer Josef G. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Skeletal muscle wasting occurs in a great majority of cancer patients with advanced disease and is associated with a poor prognosis and decreased survival. Myostatin functions as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass and has recently become a therapeutic target for reducing the loss of skeletal muscle and strength associated with clinical myopathies. We generated neutralizing antibodies to myostatin to test their potential use as therapeutic agents to attenuate the skeletal muscle wasting due to cancer. We show that our neutralizing antimyostatin antibodies significantly increase body weight, skeletal muscle mass, and strength in non–tumor-bearing mice with a concomitant increase in mean myofiber area. The administration of these neutralizing antibodies in two preclinical models of cancer-induced muscle wasting (C26 colon adenocarcinoma and PC3 prostate carcinoma) resulted in a significant attenuation of the loss of muscle mass and strength with no effect on tumor growth. We also show that the skeletal muscle mass– and strength-preserving effect of the antibodies is not affected by the coadministration of gemcitabine, a common chemotherapeutic agent, in both non–tumor-bearing mice and mice bearing C26 tumors. In addition, we show that myostatin neutralization with these antibodies results in the preservation of skeletal muscle mass following reduced caloric intake, a common comorbidity associated with advanced cancer. Our findings support the use of neutralizing antimyostatin antibodies as potential therapeutics for cancer-induced muscle wasting. Mol Cancer Ther; 14(7); 1661–70. ©2015 AACR.
Reperfusion Within 6 Hours Outperforms Recanalization in Predicting Penumbra Salvage, Lesion Growth, Final Infarct, and Clinical Outcome
Authors: Cho Tae-Hee , Nighoghossian Norbert , Mikkelsen Irene Klærke , Derex Laurent , Hermier Marc , Pedraza Salvador , Fiehler Jens , Østergaard Leif , Berthezène Yves , Baron Jean-Claude 
Published: April 2015

Background and Purpose—
The relative merits of reperfusion versus recanalization to predict tissue and clinical outcomes in anterior circulation stroke have been previously assessed using data acquired >12 hours postonset. To avoid late-occurring confounders such as non-nutritional reperfusion, futile recanalization and no-reflow phenomenon, we performed ultraearly assessment of reperfusion and recanalization.

Methods—
From a multicenter prospective database, 46 patients with acute magnetic resonance angiography–visible occlusion and in whom both reperfusion and recanalization were assessed on follow-up magnetic resonance imaging ≤6 hours of symptom onset were identified. Multiple linear regressions modeled salvaged penumbra, diffusion-weighted imaging lesion growth, and final infarct at 1 month using baseline clinical and imaging parameters and acute reperfusion or recanalization. Best predictors were determined with the Akaike information criterion. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions identified the clinical and imaging predictors of clinical outcome.

Results—

Admission magnetic resonance imaging showed M1 occlusion in 15 (33%) patients; median penumbra volume was 13.4 mL. Acute reperfusion was observed in 27 (59%) patients; 42% of nonrecanalized patients demonstrated reperfusion. The dichotomized classification of reperfusion and recanalization was discordant (
P
=0.0002). Reperfusion ≤6 hours was a significant (
P
<0.05) predictor of increased penumbra salvage, reduced lesion growth, and final infarct size. Recanalization did not improve model accuracy. Reperfusion, but not recanalization, was significantly associated with good clinical outcome in logistic regressions.

Conclusions—
Reperfusion ≤6 hours was consistently superior to recanalization in predicting tissue and clinical outcome. Reperfusion without recanalization was frequent and probably related to retrograde reperfusion through leptomeningeal collaterals. Acute reperfusion was the strongest predictor of, and may therefore, represent a reliable surrogate for, clinical outcome.
White Matter Perivascular Spaces on Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Charidimou Andreas , Hong Young T. , Jäger Hans R. , Fox Zoe , Aigbirhio Franklin I. , Fryer Tim D. , Menon David K. , Warburton Elizabeth A. , Werring David J. , Baron Jean-Claude 
Published: April 2015

Background and Purpose—
We investigated the relationship between magnetic resonance imaging-visible centrum semiovale perivascular spaces (CSO-PVS), a biomarker of impaired interstitial fluid drainage, and positron emission tomography–based amyloid-β burden across a wide range of cerebrovascular amyloid deposition.

Methods—
Thirty-one nondemented subjects (11 probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy patients and 10 healthy subjects ≥60 years; 10 older individuals, <60 years) had brain magnetic resonance imaging and Pittsburgh compound B-positron emission tomography. CSO-PVS was evaluated on T2-magnetic resonance imaging using a 4-point scale. The association between Pittsburgh compound B and CSO-PVS was assessed in linear regression.

Results—

In multivariable analyses adjusted for age, microbleeds and white matter hyperintensities, whole cortex Pittsburgh compound B binding was associated with CSO-PVS degree both as continuous (coefficient, 0.11; 95% confidence interval, 0.01–0.22;
P
=0.040) and as dichotomous variable (coefficient, 0.27; 95% confidence interval, 0.11–0.44;
P
=0.002). The median Pittsburgh compound B retention was higher in high versus low CSO-PVS degree (
P
=0.0007).

Conclusions—
This pilot study suggests a possible association between cerebrovascular amyloid deposition and CSO-PVS, with potential pathophysiological implications.
Ocean Speed and Turbulence Measurements Using Pitot-Static Tubes on Moorings
Authors: Moum James N. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA low-power (<10 mW), physically small (15.6 cm long × 3.2 cm diameter), lightweight (600 g Cu; alternatively, 200 g Al), robust, and simply calibrated pitot-static tube to measure mean speed and turbulence dissipation is described and evaluated. The measurement of speed is derived from differential pressure via Bernoulli’s principle. The differential pressure sensor employed here has relatively small, but significant, adverse sensitivities to static pressure, temperature, and acceleration, which are characterized in tests in the college’s laboratory. Results from field tests on moorings indicate acceptable agreement in pitot-static speed measurements with independent acoustic Doppler current profiler speeds, characterized as linear fits with slope = 1 (95% confidence), ±0.02 m s−1 bias, and root-mean-square error of residuals (observed minus fitted values) = 0.055 m s−1. Direct estimates of are derived from fits of velocity spectra to a theoretical turbulence inertial subrange. From near-bottom measurements, these estimates are interpreted as seafloor friction velocities, which yield drag coefficients consistent with expected values. Noise levels for , based on 40-min spectral fits, are <10–9 m2 s–3. In comparison to the airfoil (or shear) probe, the pitot-static tube provides the full spectrum of velocity, not just the dissipation range of the spectrum. In comparison to acoustic measurements of velocity, the pitot-static tube does not require acoustic scatters in the measurement volume. This makes the sensor a candidate for use in the deep ocean, for example, where acoustic scatterers are weak.
Improvements in the Probabilistic Prediction of Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification with Passive Microwave Observations
Authors: Rozoff Christopher M. , Velden Christopher S. , Kaplan John , Kossin James P. , Wimmers Anthony J. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The probabilistic prediction of tropical cyclone (TC) rapid intensification (RI) in the Atlantic and eastern Pacific Ocean basins is examined here using a series of logistic regression models trained on environmental and infrared satellite-derived features. The environmental predictors are based on averaged values over a 24-h period following the forecast time. These models are compared against equivalent models enhanced with additional TC predictors created from passive satellite microwave imagery (MI). Leave-one-year-out cross validation on the developmental dataset shows that the inclusion of MI-based predictors yields more skillful RI models for a variety of RI and intensity thresholds. Compared with the baseline forecast skill of the non-MI-based RI models, the relative skill improvements from including MI-based predictors range from 10.6% to 44.9%. Using archived real-time data during the period 2004–13, evaluation of simulated real-time models is also carried out. Unlike in the model development stage, the simulated real-time setting involves using Global Forecast System forecasts for the non-satellite-based predictors instead of “perfect” observational-based predictors in the developmental data. In this case, the MI-based RI models still generate superior skill to the baseline RI models lacking MI-based predictors. The relative improvements gained in adding MI-based predictors are most notable in the Atlantic, where the non-MI versions of the models suffer acutely from the use of imperfect real-time data. In the Atlantic, relative skill improvements provided from the inclusion of MI-based predictors range from 53.5% to 103.0%. The eastern Pacific relative improvements are less impressive but are still uniformly positive.
Palliative endovascular treatment of cancer-related iliocaval obstructive disease: technical and clinical outcomes
Authors: Maleux Geert , Vertenten Bart , Laenen Annouschka , De Wever Liesbeth , Heye Sam , Clement Paul , Oyen Raymond 
Published: April 2015

Background Cancer-related obstruction of large abdominal and pelvic veins might become symptomatic with clinical signs of lower limb venous congestion. Technical and clinical outcome after interventional treatment is not well studied yet. Purpose To retrospectively assess the technical and clinical outcome of endovascular management of symptomatic cancer-related iliocaval venous obstructive disease. Material and Methods From 1998 to 2013, 19 patients (15 men, 4 women; mean age, 63.6 years) referred for interventional treatment of cancer-related iliocaval obstructive disease were identified. Patients’ symptoms included unilateral ( n = 16; 84%) or bilateral ( n = 3; 16%) painful swelling of the lower limbs. Patients’ demographics as well as interventional and clinical outcome data were collected. Results All 19 patients underwent, under local anesthesia, stenting of the iliac vein ( n = 16; 84%) or inferior vena cava ( n = 3; 16%). Immediate technical success ( n = 19) was 100%; immediate clinical success ( n = 18) was 94.7%. During follow-up, seven patients (36.8%) presented with recurrent symptoms of painful limb swelling. Estimated survival after 3 and 6 months was 68.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 47.8–82.3%) and 19.8% (95% CI, 11.9–29.2%), respectively. Conclusion Endovascular stenting of cancer-related iliocaval venous obstructive disease is safe and results in immediate relief of symptoms. However, recurrent venous obstruction is common. At 3 months follow-up, the majority of patients with iliac vein stenting were still alive.
Ethical concerns and dilemmas of Finnish and Dutch health professionals
Authors: Hopia Hanna , Lottes Ilsa , Kanne Mariël 
Published: April 2015

Background: Healthcare professionals encounter ethical dilemmas and concerns in their practice. More research is needed to understand these ethical problems and to know how to educate professionals to respond to them. Research objective: To describe ethical dilemmas and concerns at work from the perspectives of Finnish and Dutch healthcare professionals studying at the master’s level. Research design: Exploratory, qualitative study that used the text of student online discussions of ethical dilemmas at work as data. Method: Participants’ online discussions were analyzed using inductive content analysis. Participants: The sample consisted of 49 students at master’s level enrolled in professional ethics courses at universities in Finland and the Netherlands. Ethical considerations: Permission for conducting the study was granted from both universities of applied sciences. All students provided their informed consent for the use of their assignments as research data. Findings: Participants described 51 problematic work situations. Among these, 16 were found to be ethical dilemmas, and the remaining were work issues with an ethical concern and did not meet criteria of a dilemma. The most common problems resulted from concerns about quality care, safety of healthcare professionals, patients’ rights, and working with too few staff and inadequate resources. Discussion: The results indicated that participants were concerned about providing quality of care and raised numerous questions about how to provide it in challenging situations. The results show that it was difficult for students to differentiate ethical dilemmas from other ethical work concerns. Conclusion: Online discussions among healthcare providers give them an opportunity to relate ethical principles to real ethical dilemmas and problems in their work as well as to critically analyze ethical issues. We found that discussions with descriptions of ethical dilemmas and concerns by health professionals provide important information and recommendations not only for education and practice but also for health policy.
The abandonment of the RANZCP OCI - and why we may live to regret it
Authors: Flynn Brendan 
Published: April 2015

Objective: The objective of this article is to explore the tension between what should be complementary notions of medical education and professional identity formation, referencing a major recent change to the assessment program of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (RANZCP). The College recently determined that the observed clinical interview (OCI) is to cease with equivalent skills assessed by multiple workplace-based assessments within a competency-based education program. The literature relating to the change is briefly reviewed. The shortcomings of the OCI include concerns regarding reliability, validity, sustainability and transparency. Arguments in favour of keeping the OCI are then considered, including those made on grounds of reliability of the new instruments, validity of the new assessment program as a whole, the importance of professional identity formation and cultural considerations within the specialty. Conclusion: Education and professional identity formation are not synonymous. Applying educational evidence alone to assessment design may mean an opportunity for trainees to demonstrate qualities previously assessed at the OCI is lost. This may have negative consequences for the quality of RANZCP trained psychiatrists and for our patients. The OCI is a flawed instrument but the new system will be flawed in different and possibly more important ways.