bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motivations, Concerns, and Experiences of Women Who Donate Normal Breast Tissue
Authors: Doherty Eileen F. , MacGeorge Erina L. , Gillig Traci , Clare Susan E. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Background: The Susan G. Komen for the Cure Tissue Bank at the IU Simon Cancer Center (KTB) was established in 2007 with funding from Susan G. Komen for the Cure to provide scientists with a resource for normal breast tissue. To date, nearly 3,500 women have donated their healthy breast tissue to the bank, but little is known about their perspectives. This study was designed to examine their motivations, concerns, and experiences.
Methods: We conducted brief interviews with donors (n = 221) to investigate their donation-related motivations, concerns, and experiences. Donor responses were coded and quantitatively analyzed (descriptive statistics and χ2).
Results: The most frequent motivation to donate (48% of donors) was personal connection to a breast cancer patient/survivor. A majority of donors (60%) were unconcerned about donation before the event; reported concerns included pain, fear, and dislike of surgical procedures. The most frequent positive experiences were minimal pain and positive behavior by KTB staff and volunteers. A majority of donors (61%) reported no negative experience, but reported negative experiences included the biopsy machine and anesthetic. Younger donors (ages 18–24) reported more concerns and negative experiences than older donors (25+).
Conclusions: Donors of healthy breast tissue are motivated by survivor connections and the ability to help by donating. Their concerns and experiences are relatively positive and consistent with undergoing a minor surgical procedure. Younger donors have more concerns and negative experiences.
Impact: Findings from this study can inform recruitment campaigns and donation procedures for banking of healthy tissue. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(1); 105–10. ©2014 AACR.
Pro-thrombotic effect of exercise in a polluted environment: a P-selectin- and CD63-related platelet activation effect
Authors: Esmaeilzadeh Fatemeh , Bladt Sandrine , Beukinga Ingrid , Wijns Walter , Borne Philippe van de , Pradier Olivier , Argacha Jean-François , Wauters Aurélien 
Published: October 2014

SummaryExposure to diesel exhaust is an important cardiovascular risk factor and may promote atherothrombotic events. Some data suggest that polluted air exposure could affect haemostasis through platelet activation. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of acute exposure to diesel exhaust on platelet activation and platelet function. We tested the hypothesis in a randomised, crossover study in 25 healthy men exposed to ambient and polluted air; 11 of the subjects also performed exercise during exposure sessions. Platelet activation was evaluated by surface expression of CD62P (P-selectin) and CD63 (dense granule glycoprotein) using flow cytometry of labelled platelets. Platelet function was measured using the PFA-100 platelet function analyser and by Multiplate whole blood impedance platelet aggregometry. Acute diesel exhaust exposure had no effect on platelet activation at rest, but exercise in polluted air increased the collagen- induced expression of CD62P and CD63 (both p< 0.05). The increase in the expression of CD62P and CD63 was related to the total amount of PM2.5 inhaled during the exercise sessions (r=+0.58 and +0.60, respectively, both p< 0.05). Platelet aggregation was not impaired after polluted air exposure at rest or during exercise. In conclusion, in healthy subjects, diesel exhaust exposure induces platelet activation as illustrated by a dose-response increase in the release of CD62P and CD63. This platelet priming effect could be a contributor to the triggering of atherothrombotic events related to air pollution exposure.
Differential cellular effects of old and new oral anticoagulants: consequences to the genesis and progression of atherosclerosis
Authors: Spronk Henri , Schurgers Leon 
Published: October 2014

SummaryThe main purpose of anticoagulants is to diminish fibrin formation, thereby decreasing the risk of venous or arterial thrombosis. Vitamin K antagonist have been used for many decades in order to achieve reduced thrombotic risk, despite major drawbacks of this class of drugs such as cumbersome dossing and monitoring of anticoagulant status. To overcome these drawbacks of VKA, new classes of anticoagulants have been developed including oral anticoagulants for direct inhibition of either thrombin or factor Xa, which can be administrated in a fixed dose without monitoring. Coagulation factors can activate cellular protease-activated receptors, thereby inducing cellular processes as inflammation, apoptosis, migration, and fibrosis. Therefore, inhibition of coagulation proteases not only attenuates fibrin formation, but may also influence pathophysiological processes like vascular calcification and atherosclerosis. Animal models revealed that VKA therapy induced both intima and media calcification and accelerated plaque vulnerability, whereas specific and direct inhibition of thrombin or factor Xa attenuated atherosclerosis. In this review we provide an overview of old and new oral anticoagulants, as well discuss potential pleiotropic effects with regard to calcification and atherosclerosis. Although translation from animal model to clinical patients seems difficult at first sight, effort should be made to fully understand the clinical implications of long-term oral anticoagulant therapy on vascular side effects.
Genetic analysis should be included in clinical practice when screening for antithrombin deficiency
Authors: Li Yi-Qing , Guo Tao , Wang Qing-Yun , Liu Hui , Wu Ying-Ying , Cheng Zhi-Peng , Hu Bei , Lu Xuan , Yu Jian-Ming , Deng Jun , Wang Hua-Fang , Sun Chun-Yan , Yang Yan , Zeng Wei , Tang Liang , Jian Xiao-Rong , Hu Yu 
Published: October 2014

SummaryAntithrombin (AT) deficiency increases the risk of thrombosis. Current evidence shows that some SERPINC1 mutations responsible for antithrombin deficiency often present a slightly decreased or normal activity and therefore could not be detected by functional tests. This study was designed to compare activity assays and direct genetic analyses in identifying hereditary antithrombin deficiency. In total, 400 consecutive patients with venous thrombosis were enrolled. Functional assays showed that 16 of the 400 individuals had decreased antithrombin activity, and 14 of them were confirmed by genetic analysis. Of the remaining 384 patients, 95 individuals without a known risk factor and 95 individuals with predisposing factors were also selected for gene sequencing. Eight additional causative mutations were identified in nine individuals and they should also be considered as antithrombin deficiency. In addition, a recurrent mutation, p.Arg356_Phe361del, was characterised. The mutant appeared to have a partially impaired secretion and a reduction in functional activity by 50 %. This study indicated that including genetic analysis in screening tests for identifying antithrombin deficiency was essential. Specifically, a genetic analysis of SERPINC1 is strongly recommended when individuals experience unprovoked thrombotic diseases, even if the AT activities are normal.
The adipokine apelin-13 induces expression of prothrombotic tissue factor
Authors: Ziviello Francesca , Pellegrino Grazia , Conte Stefano , Cimmino Giovanni , Giaquinto Alessandro , Pacifico Francesco , Leonardi Antonio , Golino Paolo , Trimarco Bruno , Cirillo Plinio 
Published: October 2014

SummaryAdipocytes are cells able to produce and secrete several active substances (adipokines) with direct effects on vascular cells. Apelin, one of the most recently identified adipokines has been studied in cardiovascular system physiology in regard to vessel vasodilation and myocardial contraction, but it has not yet completely characterised for its pathophysiological role in cardiovascular disease and especially in acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Several studies have indicated that tissue factor (TF) plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of ACS by triggering the formation of intracoronary thrombi following endothelial injury. This study investigates the effects of apelin 12 and apelin 13 on TF in human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs) and monocytes. Cells were stimulated with increasing concentrations of apelin 12 or apelin 13 and then processed to evaluate TF-mRNA levels by real-time PCR as well as TF expression/activity by FACS analysis and pro-coagulant activity. Finally, a potential molecular pathway involved in modulating this phenomenon was investigated. We demonstrate that apelin 13 but not apelin 12 induces transcription of mRNA for TF. In addition, we show that this adipokine promotes surface expression of TF that is functionally active. Apelin 13 effects on TF appear modulated by the activation of the G-protein-transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-ΚB axis since G-protein inhibitors suppressed NF-ΚB mediated TF expression. Data of the present study, although in vitro, indicate that apelin-13, induces a procoagulant phenotype in HUVECs and monocytes by promoting TF expression. These observations support the hypothesis that this adipokine might play a relevant role as an active partaker in athero-thrombotic disease.
A High-Spectral-Resolution Radiative Transfer Model for Simulating Multilayered Clouds and Aerosols in the Infrared Spectral Region
Authors: Wang Chenxi , Yang Ping , Liu Xu 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
A fast and flexible model is developed to simulate the transfer of thermal infrared radiation at wavenumbers from 700 to 1300 cm−1 with a spectral resolution of 0.1 cm−1 for scattering–absorbing atmospheres. In a single run and at multiple user-defined levels, the present model simulates radiances at different viewing angles and fluxes. Furthermore, the model takes into account complicated and realistic scenes in which ice cloud, water cloud, and mineral dust layers may coexist within an atmospheric column. The present model is compared to a rigorous reference model, the 32-stream Discrete Ordinate Radiative Transfer model (DISORT) code. For an atmosphere with three scattering layers (water, ice, and mineral dust), the root-mean-square error of the simulated brightness temperatures at the top of the atmosphere is approximately 0.05 K, and the relative flux errors at the boundary and internal levels are much smaller than 1%. Within the same computing environment, the fast model runs more than 10 000, 6000, and 4000 times faster than DISORT under single-layer, two-layer, and three-layer cloud–aerosol conditions, respectively. With its computational efficiency and accuracy, the present model may optimally facilitate the forward radiative transfer simulations involved in remote sensing implementations based on high-spectral-resolution and narrowband infrared measurements and in the data assimilation applications of the weather forecasting system. The selected 0.1-cm−1 spectral resolution is an obstacle to extending the present model to strongly absorptive bands (e.g., 600–700 cm−1). However, the present clear-sky module can be substituted by a more accurate model for specific applications involving spectral bands with strong absorption.
Analysis of WRF-Simulated Diurnal Boundary Layer Winds in Eastern China Using a Simple 1D Model
Authors: Du Yu , Rotunno Richard , Zhang Qinghong 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The low-level diurnal winds for different locations of eastern China are documented using the June 2006–11 hourly model data simulated with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) mesoscale model with a 9-km horizontal resolution. A simple 1D model, including both diurnal thermal forcing and diurnally varying boundary layer friction, is found to explain important features of the WRF-simulated diurnal boundary layer winds in eastern China. For example, in northeastern China, at a similar latitude, the maximum velocity parallel to the coastline at a longitude over the ocean occurs earlier than the maximum velocity parallel to the inland chain of coastline-parallel mountains at a longitude over land. This difference can be identified with the well-known Blackadar effect over the land. Off the eastern coast of China, the diurnal winds for different latitudes over the ocean vary in both phase and amplitude, consistent with expectations based on the simple 1D model.
Sensitivity Enhancement System for Pulse Compression Weather Radar
Authors: Nguyen Cuong M. , Chandrasekar V. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe use of low-power solid-state transmitters in weather radar to keep costs down requires a pulse compression technique that maintains an adequate minimum detectable signal. However, wideband pulse compression filters will partly reduce the system’s sensitivity performance. In this paper, a sensitivity enhancement system (SES) for pulse compression weather radar is developed to mitigate this issue. SES uses a dual-waveform transmission scheme and an adaptive pulse compression filter. The waveforms’ diversity can be done in the frequency domain or the time domain. The adaptive filter is designed based on the self-consistency between signal returns from the two waveforms. Analysis based on radar-simulated data and observations from NASA’s dual-frequency dual-polarized Doppler radar (D3R) shows that by using SES, the system sensitivity can be improved by 7–10 dB when compared to that of the conventional matched filter.
Inadequate fruit and vegetable intake in people with psychosis
Authors: Hahn Lisa A , Galletly Cherrie A , Foley Debra L , Mackinnon Andrew , Watts Gerald F , Castle David J , Waterreus Anna , Morgan Vera A 
Published: October 2014

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with poor dietary intake (less than four servings of fruit and vegetables daily) in a large nationally representative sample of adults with psychotic disorders. Methods: The sample comprised 1286 adults aged 18–64 years who took part in the second Australian national survey of psychosis. Dietary information was obtained using a standardised questionnaire; all participants provided fasting blood samples. Variables that may be related to diet and nutritional intake were investigated; these included demographics, physical health outcomes, physical activity, substance use, symptom severity and financial difficulty. Dietary status was explored by sex, age and body mass index using univariate analyses, while a multivariate analysis was performed to identify predictors of low nutritional intake. Results: Approximately 74% of participants ate less than four servings of fruit and vegetables daily. This was associated with a lower body mass index ( p<0.05), lower levels of physical activity ( p<0.05), sedentary behaviour ( p<0.05), substance use ( p<0.001), more negative symptoms ( p<0.05), eating less frequently ( p<0.001), consuming whole fat milk compared to low fat milk ( p<0.05), adding salt to food ( p<0.05) and financial difficulty ( p<0.05). Male sex and younger age (18–34 years) were also associated with lower fruit and vegetable intake ( p<0.001). A multivariate regression analysis showed that current smoking ( p<0.001) and alcohol ( p<0.01) and cannabis abuse ( p<0.05) were risk factors for lower fruit and vegetable intake. Conclusion: The findings suggest that poor diet in people with psychosis, as reflected by less than four servings of fruit and vegetables daily, is accompanied by other unhealthy behaviours, which has important implications for the development of effective interventions. Importantly, current smoking is a significant predictor of dietary inadequacy.
Experience of stigma and discrimination reported by people experiencing the first episode of schizophrenia and those with a first episode of depression: The FEDORA project
Authors: Corker Elizabeth A , Beldie Alina , Brain Cecilia , Jakovljevic Miro , Jarema Marek , Karamustafalioglu Oguz , Marksteiner Josef , Mohr Pavel , Prelipceanu Dan , Vasilache Anamaria , Waern Margda , Sartorius Norman , Thornicroft Graham ,   the FEDORA study group, Bulucz Judit , Kores Plesnicar Blanka , Constant Eric 
Published: October 2014

Aim: To record and measure the nature and severity of stigma and discrimination experienced by people during a first episode of schizophrenia and those with a first episode of major depressive disorder. Methods: The Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC-12) was used in a cross-sectional survey to elicit service user reports of anticipated and experienced discrimination by 150 people with a diagnosis of first-episode schizophrenia and 176 with a diagnosis of first-episode major depressive disorder in seven countries (Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Poland, Romania, Sweden and Turkey). Results: Participants with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder reported discrimination in a greater number of life areas than those with schizophrenia, as rated by the total DISC-12 score ( p = .03). With regard to specific life areas, participants with depression reported more discrimination in regard to neighbours, dating, education, marriage, religious activities, physical health and acting as a parent than participants with schizophrenia. Participants with schizophrenia reported more discrimination with regard to the police compared to participants with depression. Conclusion: Stigma and discrimination because of mental illness change in the course of the mental diseases. Future research may take a longitudinal perspective to better understand the beginnings of stigmatisation and its trajectory through the life course and to identify critical periods at which anti-stigma interventions can most effectively be applied.
Dimerized plasmin fragment D as a potential biomarker to predict successful catheter-directed thrombolysis therapy in acute deep vein thrombosis
Authors: Luo Chien-Ming , Wu I-Hui , Chan Chih-Yang , Chen Yih-Sharng , Yang Wei-Shiung , Wang Shoei-Shen 
Published: October 2014

Objectives The value of dimerized plasmin fragment D in the clinical monitoring during the catheter-directed thrombolysis in patients with acute deep vein thrombosis is not known. Methods Dimerized plasmin fragment D levels in 24 patients with acute deep vein thrombosis undergoing catheter-directed thrombolysis were prospectively evaluated. The plasma dimerized plasmin fragment D level was measured serially before and at every 12 h during catheter-directed thrombolysis for 24 h. Technical success was defined as restoration of patency and flow with less than 50% residual thrombus by surveillance rotational venography. Results Technical success was achieved in 79.2% (19 of 24) of the treated limbs after catheter-directed thrombolysis. In univariate analysis, there was significant elevation of the dimerized plasmin fragment D at 12th h after starting the catheter-directed thrombolysis ( P < 0.05) in patients with less than 50% residual thrombus stenosis. The optimal cut-off value of dimerized plasmin fragment D to predict successful catheter-directed thrombolysis was determined as 18.4 µg/ml at the 12th h after starting the catheter-directed thrombolysis with sensitivity 0.8 and specificity 0.8 ( P = 0.03). It was further validated in multivariate logistic regression analysis (odds ratio: 14.38; 95% CI: 1.22–169.20; P = 0.03). Conclusions Catheter-directed thrombolysis is safe and effective for restoration of blood flow in patients with acute deep vein thrombosis. Dimerized plasmin fragment D value greater than 18.4 µg/ml at the 12th h after starting catheter-directed thrombolysis had a high predictive rate of greater than 50% lysis at the end of catheter-directed thrombolysis.
Emergence delirium is related to the invasiveness of strabismus surgery in preschool-age children
Authors: Joo Jin , Lee Sunmi , Lee Yoonki 
Published: October 2014

Objectives To investigate the correlation between preoperative anxiety and emergence delirium (ED), and to identify other factors that contribute to ED (such as invasiveness of surgery), in preschool-age paediatric patients undergoing strabismus surgery. Methods This prospective observational study enrolled Korean children (aged 2–5 years), scheduled for strabismus surgery. After completing the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale, general anaesthesia was induced. Postoperatively, Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scores (used as an index of the degree of ED) and a four-point delirium scale (ED incidence), were collected and measured every 5 min. Patients were categorized according to the degree of surgical invasiveness: group U-S, single-muscle correction in a unilateral eye; group U-M, multiple-muscle correction in a unilateral eye; group B-S, single-muscle correction in bilateral eyes; group B-M, multiple-muscle correction in bilateral eyes. Results A total of 90 paediatric patients participated in the study. Maximum PAED scores did not correlate with the presence of preoperative anxiety. The maximum PAED score of group B-M was significantly higher than scores observed in other groups. Conclusions Preoperative anxiety was not related to ED in preschool-age paediatric patients undergoing strabismus surgery. The incidence and severity of ED was higher in patients who underwent more complicated strabismus surgery, compared with those undergoing simpler procedures.
Early Versus Delayed Passive Range of Motion After Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Kluczynski Melissa A. , Nayyar Samir , Marzo John M. , Bisson Leslie J. 
Published: October 2014

Background: Postoperative rehabilitation has been shown to affect healing of the rotator cuff after surgical repair. However, it is unknown whether an early or delayed rehabilitation protocol is most beneficial for healing. Purpose: To determine whether early versus delayed passive range of motion (PROM) affects rotator cuff (RC) retear rates after surgery. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic review of the literature published between January 2003 and February 2014 was conducted. Retear rates were compared for early (within 1 week after surgery) versus delayed (3-6 weeks after surgery) PROM using χ2 or Fisher exact tests as well as relative risks (RR) and 95% CIs. In the first analysis, data from evidence level 1 studies that directly compared early versus delayed PROM were pooled; and in the second analysis, data from level 1 to 4 studies that did not directly compare early versus delayed PROM were pooled. The second analysis was stratified by tear size and repair method. Results: Twenty-eight studies (1729 repairs) were included. The first analysis of level 1 studies did not reveal a significant difference in retear rates for early (13.7%) versus delayed (10.5%) PROM ( P = .36; RR = 1.30 [95% CI, 0.74-2.30]). The second analysis revealed that for ≤3 cm tears, the risk of retear was lower for early versus delayed PROM for transosseous (TO) plus single-row anchor (SA) repairs (18.7% vs 28.2%, P = .02; RR = 0.66 [95% CI, 0.47-0.95]). For >5 cm tears, the risk of retear was greater for early versus delayed PROM for double-row anchor (DA) repairs (56.4% vs 20%, P = .002; RR = 2.82 [95% CI, 1.31-6.07]) and for all repair methods combined (52.2% vs 22.6%, P = .01; RR = 2.31 [95% CI, 1.16-4.61]). There were no statistically significant associations for tears measuring <1 cm, 1 to 3 cm, 3 to 5 cm, and >3 cm. Conclusion: Evidence is lacking with regard to the optimal timing of PROM after RC repair; however, this study suggests that tear size may be influential.