bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutational analysis of Mei5, a subunit of Mei5‐Sae3 complex, in Dmc1‐mediated recombination during yeast meiosis
Authors: Mwaniki Stephen , Sawant Priyanka , Osemwenkhae Osaretin P. , Fujita Yurika , Ito Masaru , Furukohri Asako , Shinohara Akira 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInterhomolog recombination in meiosis is mediated by the Dmc1 recombinase. The Mei5‐Sae3 complex of Saccharomyces cerevisiae promotes Dmc1 assembly and functions with Dmc1 for homology‐mediated repair of meiotic DNA double‐strand breaks. How Mei5‐Sae3 facilitates Dmc1 assembly remains poorly understood. In this study, we created and characterized several mei5 mutants featuring the amino acid substitutions of basic residues. We found that Arg97 of Mei5, conserved in its ortholog, SFR1 (complex with SWI5), RAD51 mediator, in humans and other organisms, is critical for complex formation with Sae3 for Dmc1 assembly. Moreover, the substitution of either Arg117 or Lys133 with Ala in Mei5 resulted in the production of a C‐terminal truncated Mei5 protein during yeast meiosis. Notably, the shorter Mei5‐R117A protein was observed in meiotic cells but not in mitotic cells when expressed, suggesting a unique regulation of Dmc1‐mediated recombination by posttranslational processing of Mei5‐Sae3.
Estimation of Effective Fracture Aperture in Glacial Tills by Analysis of Dye Tracer Penetration
Authors: Ouf Mariam , Jørgensen Peter R. , Mosthaf Klaus , Rolle Massimo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study advances a methodology to estimate effective apertures of fractures in glacial tills based on dye tracer infiltration tests and numerical simulations. The approach uses the visible penetration depth of the dye tracer along fracture flow paths as primary information to calculate effective fracture apertures. Further data used in the calculation are the dye tracer input concentration and retardation, the duration of the tracer injection, and the hydraulic gradient applied to control the infiltrating water fluxes. The method does not require measurement of hydraulic conductivity for the fractured till and enables direct observation of flow and transport patterns within the fractures (e.g., uniform flow and dye tracer distribution, channeling due to aperture variability, and presence of biogenic macropores in fractures). The approach was successfully verified by using the estimated effective fracture aperture values in Large Undisturbed Columns (LUCs) to consistently simulate both the observed LUC effluent breakthrough of a conservative bromide tracer and the water fluxes with the hydraulic gradient applied in the experiments. Sensitivity analyses revealed that estimation of small effective fracture apertures (<10 μm) required accurate determination of the dye tracer retardation factor. By contrast, in the case of larger effective apertures (>20 μm), the sensitivity of the estimated effective fracture aperture to variations in the porous material and solute transport parameters was low compared to the dominant sensitivity to the water flow through the fractures (cubic relation between flow and aperture). The proposed approach may be extended beyond laboratory applications and assist in characterizing field‐scale fracture networks.
Identifying hemophilia B carriers: Utility of aPTT, factor IX levels and ratios of factor IX to other Vitamin K dependent factors
Authors: Shu Michael , Malcolmson Caroline , Bosch Alessandra , Markovic Teodora , Wakefield Cindy , Bouskill Vanessa , Carcao Manuel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionDiagnosing hemophilia B (HB) carrier status is important to manage bleeding in carriers and to prevent bleeding in potential offspring. Without a family history of hemophilia, diagnosing HB carrier status is challenging. Genetic testing is the gold‐standard, however it is reserved for individuals with a high suspicion of carrier status.AimsTo describe the distribution of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and factor IX coagulant (FIX:C) levels in HB carriers and assess the ratio of FIX:C to other Vitamin K dependent factors (FII:C, FVII:C, FX:C) as an indicator of HB carrier status.MethodsIn this retrospective, single‐centre cohort study, subjects were included if they were obligate or genetically proven HB carriers. Distributions of aPTT and FIX:C were described and the relationship between FIX:C levels in carriers and severity of familial HB was analysed. Ratios of FIX:C to FII:C, FVII:C, FX:C were calculated.ResultsSeventy‐two female HB carriers (median age: 34 years; IQR 24–43) were included. Median aPTT and FIX:C levels were 33.0 s [IQR 30.0–37.0] and 57 IU/dL [IQR 43–74]. Fifteen carriers (21%) had mild HB (FIX:C levels of 10–40 IU/dL). FIX:C levels trended higher in carriers of mild HB versus carriers of moderate/severe HB. In six carriers, the median ratio of FIX:C to other Vitamin K dependent factors was 0.44, with 92% of ratios being ≤ 0.75.ConclusionaPTT and FIX:C levels were unreliable in diagnosing HB carrier status. A low ratio of FIX:C to other Vitamin K dependent factors may be a useful marker of HB carrier status.
Comparison of the fractionated Nd: YAG 1064‐nm picosecond laser with holographic optics and the fractional CO2 laser in atrophic acne scar treatment: a prospective, randomized, split‐face study
Authors: Yuan Yucheng , He Yizhen , Fang Jing , Zhang Mengli , Wu Qiuju 
Published: June 2024

AbstractKey pointThe 1064‐nm picosecond laser with holographic optics demonstrated significant efficacy in treating atrophic acne scars.BackgroundPicosecond lasers with fractionated optics have enabled the development of a breakthrough skin rejuvenation method. The authors compared the fractionated, non‐ablative neodymium‐doped yttrium aluminum garnet 1064‐nm picosecond laser with holographic optics and the fractional CO2 laser in treating atrophic acne scars.MethodsOne side of each patient's face was randomly allocated and treated with three sessions of the 1064‐nm picosecond laser with holographic optics at 2‐month intervals. In contrast, the other side was treated with the fractional CO2 laser. Participants were followed up 3 months after the final session. The primary outcome included the physicians' evaluation using the ECCA grading scale and a four‐point scale to assess improvement. The patients' assessment of progress, their overall satisfaction and preferences, and the side effects were also evaluated.ResultsNo significant difference was observed between the two lasers in terms of the mean ECCA scores after treatments (P = 0.209). The physicians' improvement assessment was more significant for the fractional CO2 laser (P = 0.001). The patients' evaluation of improvement and subjective satisfaction were consistent with physicians' four‐point scale results. The picosecond laser side had fewer adverse effects (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe fractionated, non‐ablative Nd: YAG 1064‐nm picosecond laser with holographic optics and the fractional CO2 laser were effective and safe in treating atrophic acne scars. Significantly better clinical outcomes were observed with the fractional CO2 laser, whereas fewer adverse effects were noted with the 1064‐nm picosecond laser with holographic optics.
Acquired cutis laxa: a clinical review
Authors: Khodeir Joe , Ohanian Paul , Feghali Joelle 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAcquired cutis laxa (ACL) is a rare, nonhereditary cutaneous disorder characterized by saggy inelastic skin. It has been associated with various inflammatory, autoimmune, and neoplastic diseases, in addition to certain infections and medication. This article reviews ACL the demographical, clinical, and histological features of ACL, focusing on all associated disorders. Additionally, this review article provides an in‐depth discussion of all the mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of ACL and all therapeutic options available; we also present an algorithm for the workup of patients with ACL. A systematic literature review was performed on PubMed/Medline and EMBASE databases, searching for all available articles on ACL with no limits on participant age, race, sex, nationality, or publication date. Ninety‐eight articles were included. The total number of included patients was 110, with a mean age of 36.4 years at presentation (range 0.25–78) and a M:F sex ratio of 1.24. ACL was most commonly associated with inflammatory disorders (43%) followed by neoplastic disorders (27%). In 73% of the neoplastic‐associated cases, ACL occurred on average 2.4 years before malignancy onset. ACL occurs months to years after an underlying inflammatory disorder. In 10% of the cases, ACL was associated with a particular drug, and in 2%, it was associated with specific infections. Data were derived from case reports, case series, letters to editors, observational studies, and abstracts. Limitations include the accuracy of published data, potential patient selection, and reporting bias. Dermatologists should be alert to these associations to provide adequate screening and management of patients with ACL.
Responding to platform owner moves: A 14‐year qualitative study of four enterprise software complementors
Authors: Kude Thomas , Huber Thomas L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntegrating the competition and the cooperation perspectives on value co‐creation in platform ecosystems, this study explores complementor responses to platform owner moves that adversely affect the complementor's positioning. Our primary focus is to discern dynamic patterns of complementor responses and to understand their role in the process of re‐stabilising the complementor's positioning. To this end, we conducted a 14‐year longitudinal study, analysing 21 move‐response instances across four platform partnerships. Our findings reveal three distinct complementor response archetypes: insist, pivot, and detach. Over time, complementors combine these archetypes into three unique response patterns. Through progressive diverging, complementors sidestep platform owner moves by diversifying their offer beyond the focal ecosystem. Although this can entail substantial multi‐homing costs, it reduces dependence on the platform owner and bolsters resilience against future moves. Through adaptive oscillating, complementors use platform owner moves as opportunities to gradually diversify their offer within the focal ecosystem. This stepwise market expansion makes them resilient against future moves, while mitigating costs and efforts related to multi‐homing. Through persistent insisting, complementors can re‐establish their previous positioning, but at the cost of increased dependence on the platform owner, leaving the complementor vulnerable to future moves. We synthesise these findings in our process model of complementor positioning. Emphasising the importance of complementor responses in fostering resilient software ecosystems, this model bears important implications for research on platform governance and platform‐dependent entrepreneurship.
Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Water Use Efficiency of Rice–Wheat Rotation Cropland in the Jianghuai River Basin of China
Authors: Zhao Xiaohan , Zhang Fangmin , Weng Shengheng , Duan Chunfeng , Lu Yanyu 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTRice–wheat rotation cropland is one of the most important agroecosystems in South China, the escalation of conflict between food demand augment and water supply shortage increased with climate change. Water use efficiency plays a more significant role in optimising water and carbon management. Thus, the diurnal and seasonal variations of water use efficiency were assessed by the 3‐year eddy covariance observations in the Shouxian National Observatory, a typical rice–wheat rotation station. The results revealed a ‘U’‐shaped diurnal pattern of water use efficiency for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.). Seasonal water use efficiency had two peaks with the highest in the winter wheat‐growing season. The average water use efficiency for the rice–wheat rotation cropland was 2.85 g C kg−1 H2O over the whole year with 2.62 and 3.11 g C kg−1 H2O for winter wheat and rice, respectively. However, gross primary productivity and evapotranspiration of rice were higher than those of winter wheat. Temperature, photosynthetically active radiation were the principal impact factors of water use efficiency in the rice‐growing season. Comparatively, soil water and vapour pressure deficit dominated the water use efficiency changes in the winter wheat‐growing season. Our analyses can help understand the water use requirements for carbon assimilation on rice–wheat rotation cropland on the field scale.
Intermediate temperature degradation of a SiC/BN/SiC (MI) composite with holes at 500–900°C in steam
Authors: Ostdiek Gary , Jefferson George , Przybyla Craig , Pierce Jennifer , Celli Dino , Kerans Ronald 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSpecimens from a Hi‐Nicalon Type S/BN/SiC (MI) ceramic matrix composite with multiple machined holes were subjected to a furnace dwell and then tensile tested. The furnace temperature range was 500–900°C, and the atmosphere was pure steam to approximate the temperature and sea level partial pressure of water vapor in the cooling air going through turbomachinery cooling holes. Exposure of control specimens was done in laboratory air at the same temperatures. Tensile results along with microscopy and spectroscopy showed significant strength degradation in some conditions due primarily to oxidation of the boron nitride fiber coating, with coating volatilization at lower temperatures and probable fiber‐to‐matrix bonding and imposed fiber stresses at higher temperatures. The greatest strength degradation occurred in the 500–600°C steam range. The fiber coating oxidation/volatilization was especially evident near the holes and was exacerbated in the lower temperature tests by porosity networks that were open to the atmosphere at fiber tow ends at the specimen edges and along the inner walls of the holes.
Predictors of malignancy in melanocytic lesions presenting as new lesions compared to baseline total body photography: A case–control study
Authors: Chan S. , Guitera P. , Ferguson P. , El Sharouni M. A. , Teh R. , Scolyer R. A. , Glanz A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundOnly a small per cent of new melanocytic lesions developing in adults are expected to represent melanomas. Total body photography (TBP) has been widely incorporated in clinical practice, especially for follow‐up of high‐risk individuals with multiple naevi. However, dynamic changes detected with TBP need to be interpreted with caution to avoid unnecessary excisions.ObjectivesTo identify clinical and dermoscopic predictors of malignancy in melanocytic lesions presenting clinically as new lesions on TBP.MethodsMelanomas and melanocytic naevi excised from a high‐risk cohort and presenting as new lesions on TBP were retrospectively included. Naevi were arbitrarily collected up to approximately twice the number of melanomas. Melanomas were categorized as ‘unequivocal’ or ‘borderline’ on histopathology review.ResultsSixty melanomas and 110 naevi were included. Median age (range) of cases (55; 27–83) was 9 years older than controls (46; 24–77) (p < 0.0001). Median diameter (IQR) of naevi was 2.6 mm (1.8–3.8) and of melanomas 4.2 mm (2.7–7.0) (p < 0.0001). On histopathology, 40% of the melanomas were ‘borderline’. A positive 7‐point checklist was reported in 12.5% of ‘borderline’ melanomas and 33.3% of ‘unequivocal’ melanomas (p = 0.005), while 18.3% of melanomas were completely featureless. Blue‐whitish veil, atypical vascular pattern and shiny white lines were exclusively found in melanomas. The main predictors of malignancy were (OR; 95% CI) regression structures (7.13; 1.88–27.06; p = 0.004); hypo/amelanotic colour (6.00; 1.17–30.73; p = 0.03); irregular pigmentation (3.89; 1.36–11.13; p = 0.01); asymmetrical peripheral dots/globules (3.50; 1.11–11.00; p = 0.03); and asymmetry in pattern and/or colour (2.5; 1.3–4.9; p = 0.007). All invasive melanomas detected in patients younger than 50 years presented at least one dermoscopic predictor of malignancy.ConclusionsMelanomas presenting as new lesions are frequently featureless or feature poor on dermoscopy and difficult‐to‐diagnose on histopathology. In high‐risk patients, the presence on any of the dermoscopic predictors of malignancy identified should prompt excision; however, the remaining lesions should be closely monitored.
From crisis to care: A phenomenological exploration of how frontline nurses lived the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
Authors: Akbal Sevim , Yildirim Meltem 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeThis paper explores how frontline nurses experienced the onset of the coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic to provide appropriate care during a global health crisis.Design and MethodsA qualitative descriptive phenomenological study. The sample consisted of 13 frontline nurses from Turkey, working in intensive care units, inpatient clinics and emergency unit. Data were collected online through face‐to‐face interviews based on a semi‐structured interview guide. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.FindingsNurses experienced certain difficulties in the continuous use of protective personal equipment, communication both with patients and colleagues, administrative processes. Besides, they experienced exhaustion, reduced job satisfaction and certain physical complaints.ConclusionsHospital administrators and health policy makers should effectively manage human and hospital resources effectively and solve nurses' problems in times of crisis, such as pandemics.Clinical RelevanceUnderstanding the challenges faced by frontline nurses during the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic may help healthcare practitioners and policy makers to implement targeted interventions, support mechanisms and resource allocation strategies that enhance the well‐being of frontline nurses and optimise patient care delivery during health crises.
Stiphodon chlorestes, a new species of sicydiine goby (Teleostei: Gobioidei) from Taiwan and Luzon
Authors: Jhuang Wei‐Cheng , Dimaquibo Al Casane , Liao Te‐Yu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStiphodon chlorestes sp. nov. is described based on seven specimens collected from Taiwan and Luzon. It is a large‐sized Stiphodon species sharing the second dorsal‐fin rays 9–10 and pectoral‐fin rays 14–16 with similar‐sized congeners. However, it differs from them by the wider interorbital width and almost complete lack of scales on the occipital region in males. In addition, the new species can be further distinguished from all congeners by seven to eight oval bands or a black longitudinal band on the lower body, black and white spots on pectoral fins, and a short red or orange line on posterior upper edge of caudal fin. Molecular analysis based on the 680‐bp mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) fragments also supports it as a distinct species belonging to the “Stiphodon elegans group” and a sister group of the clade consisting of Stiphodon multisquamus and Stiphodon palawanensis.
Moisture content‐dependent mechanical behaviors of rice by experiments and composite models in finite element simulation
Authors: Dong Shuhong , Zhang Wei , Tao Yujie , Zhang Shifeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo reduce the crushing rate and improve the yield of rice during the milling process, it is significant from a fundamental standpoint to understand the mechanical behaviors of rice under external loads. In this paper, the mechanical properties and fracture morphologies of rice with various moisture contents have been analyzed in detail by experiments and the finite‐element (FE) method. In FE simulations, two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) composite models have been established with the cohesive zone model characterizing the interface strength. The results show that the moisture content determines the endosperm cell wall interface strength, and a linear relationship between the interface strength and moisture content has been obtained. In particular, three fracture patterns of brown rice are observed by the competition between the interface strength of starch granule and endosperm cell wall interface strength. Good agreements between FE predictions and experimental results indicate that the combination of the 2D and 3D composite models with the cohesive zone model can provide accurate predictions of the fracture behaviors of brown rice. This investigation should be of great help for understanding the moisture content‐dependent compression and impact behaviors of rice.Practical applicationsBrown rice can be obtained by removing the husk through a hulling machine. During these processes, external loads, such as compression and impact, will damage the microstructure of brown rice, which results in a loss rate as high as 25%. Understanding the mechanical properties of brown rice with different moisture contents will be of great help in designing the equipment used in rice processing operations and extending the yield of polished rice.
Energy consumption of data transfer: Intensity indicators versus absolute estimates
Authors: Guennebaud Gaël , Bugeau Aurélie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe assessment of energy consumption of data traffic for Internet services usually relies on energy intensity figures (in Wh/GB). In this paper, we argue against using these indicators for evaluating the evolution of energy consumption of data transmission induced by changes in Internet usage. We describe a model that estimates global impacts for different scenarios of Internet usages and technological hypothesises, and show that it can overcome some limitations of intensity indicators. We experiment the model on four use‐cases: basic usage, video streaming, large downloads, and video conferencing. Results show that increasing the resolution of videos does increase the total energy consumption while misleadingly decreasing the power intensity indicator at the same time. In other words, a more efficient network does not necessarily mean less energy consumption.
A metric for tradable biodiversity credits quantifying impacts on global extinction risk
Authors: Rossberg Axel G. , O'Sullivan Jacob D. , Malysheva Svetlana , Shnerb Nadav M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe difficulty in identifying appropriate metrics for the impacts organizations have on biodiversity remains a major barrier to the inclusion of biodiversity considerations in environmentally responsible investment. We derive and analyze a simple metric: the sum of the proportional changes in the global abundances of species caused by an organization, with a regularization to cover the case of species close to extinction. We argue mathematically that this metric quantifies changes in the mean long‐term global survival probability of species. The metric thus supports the objective “to significantly reduce extinction risk” of the 2022 Global Biodiversity Framework and allows organizations to set themselves corresponding science‐based targets. We show that in a perfect market trade in biodiversity credits quantified by our metric would lead to near‐optimal allocation of resources to species conservation. We further show that metric values are quantitatively convertible to several other metrics and indices already in use. Barriers to adoption are therefore low. Used in conjunction with metrics addressing ecosystem services and integrity, potential areas of application include biodiversity related financial disclosures and voluntary or legislated biodiversity credit or no net loss policies.