bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Results of Recurrence and Progression Rates of High-Grade Ta Bladder Cancer and Comparison with Results of High-Grade T1
Authors: Kilinc Muhammet Fatih , Sonmez Nurettin Cem , Dalkilic Ayhan , Arisan Serdar , Guney Soner 
Published: July 2014

Introduction We aimed to evaluate the long-term recurrence and progression rates in a Turkish population with high-grade Ta and T1 bladder cancer and to determine malign potential of high-grade Ta bladder cancer. Methods 191 patients who had non-invasive bladder cancer were evaluated at a single institution between 2005 and 2010. Median follow-up was 55.6 months (13-108). Long-term follow-up results of recurrence and progression rates of high-grade Ta and T1 were analyzed and compared with each other. Results Of the 191 patients, 143 (74.9%) were high-grade T1 and 48 (25.1%) were high-grade Ta. Of the 143 patients who were high-grade T1, 39 (27.2%) responded to the induction BCG without recurrence. 33 (23%) patients had invasion deep into the muscle layer. 61 (42%) patients had recurred as high-grade T1. Of the 48 patients who were high-grade Ta, 15 (31%) responded to induction BCG without recurrence. 18 (37.5%) patients had recurrence as high-grade Ta. 12 (25%) patients had invasion deep into to the muscle layer. Of all the patients, 13 (7%) patients died of causes related to bladder cancer. In a multivariate analysis, concomitant CIS was statistically significant for the progression of high-grade Ta bladder cancer (p<0.005). Conclusions According to the data of the current study, the presence of concomitant CIS in patients with high-grade bladder cancers is associated with a higher risk of progression. There is a need for larger scale multi-institutional studies in order to support the hypothesis that high-grade Ta tumors should be considered as T1 tumors.
Neoadjuvant Sunitinib Effectiveness in T4 Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Ricciardulli Stefano , Del Biondo Dario , Cicero Calogero , Leo Genesio , Zeccolini Guglielmo , Celia Antonio 
Published: July 2014

Introduction Sunitinib therapy showed an improvement in survival of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods A 51-year-old man, with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Score (ECOG) of 0, presented at our Institute in March 2012 for macrohematuria and urinary retention. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen showed a right renal lesion. The lesion had a diameter of 15 cm and was developing towards the liver, in the absence of cleavage planes between the liver and kidney. A 12 mm finding, suspected as secondary lesion, was detected at the level of the VII hepatic segment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with Sunitinib was proposed. Results The patient underwent a ultrasound-guided biopsy, which confirmed the presence of Clear Cell Carcinoma. The patient began chemotherapy treatment in May 2012 according to the scheme SUNITINIB 50 mg daily for 4 weeks every 6 weeks. After four courses of treatment, according to RECIST criteria for solid tumors, 40% (9 cm vs 15 cm) regression of the primary tumor and 33% (8 mm vs 12 mm) regression of the secondary lesion were observed at a CT scan of the abdomen. In February 2013, Laparoscopic Adrenal-Sparing Radical Nephrectomy was performed. At a follow-up of 3 months, performed with a thorax and abdomen CT scans, there was a complete remission of hepatic secondary lesion and no areas of secondary localization of disease. Conclusions This case report showed the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with Sunitinib. The use of this chemotherapy agent can change the approach to the management of cRCC.
Estatuto da Terra: debates políticos e as disputas pela forma da reforma agrária no primeiro governo militar
Authors: De Salis Carmem Lúcia Gomes 
Published: July 2014

Em plena vigência da ditadura, em 30 de novembro de 1964, foi promulgado pelo governo militar de Humberto Alencar Castello Branco, o Estatuto da Terra, caracterizado enquanto um conjunto de dispositivos legais que definiam, entre outros fatores, o que era propriedade da terra no Brasil, bem como, os instrumentos necessários para se realizar a Reforma Agrária. Embora tenha sido aprovado pelo Congresso ainda no primeiro ano do governo, seu processo de elaboração e tramitação constituiu-se em um período de intensas discussões políticas acerca do alcance e da natureza que esta proposta deveria assumir. Neste sentido, o presente artigo objetiva compreender as disputas políticas que ocorreram, mesmo sobre o regime de exceção, pela forma da Reforma Agrária. Para essa análise utilizamos, especialmente os discursos parlamentares proferidos nos meses que antecederam a aprovação da lei e as colunas publicadas na grande imprensa, pois essas fontes possibilitam refletir sobre os posicionamentos de diversos agentes envolvidos, como: políticos, associações patronais e o governo.
A Marinha Brasileira no inicio do século XX: tecnologia e política
Authors: Arias Neto José Miguel 
Published: July 2014

Este artigo analisa a literatura que aborda a questão da Marinha Brasileira ao final do século XIX e no início do XX. Tal literatura possui duas vertentes a monarquista e a republicana, ambas advogando medidas de reestruturação da Marinha. Por outro lado, o trabalho analisa ainda as medidas efetivamente tomadas ou não pelos sucessivos governos republicanos, até o ano de 1910, com o objetivo de promover as reformas necessárias à adequação da Marinha aos novos tempos, novas tecnologias e novas sociabilidades. O fim da escravidão, a Revolta da Armada, a corrida armamentista internacional e a que terminou por se estabelecer entre o Chile, a Argentina e o Brasil, na América do Sul, permitem compreender tanto as propostas aventadas como os limites das reformas encetadas.
Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Some N2-(Thien-3-yl)amidrazones
Authors: Abadleh Mohammed M. , El-Abadelah Mustafa M. , Sabri Salim S. , Mohammed Hanan H. , Zihlif Malek A. , Voelter Wolfgang 
Published: July 2014

6a
A set of new N2-(thien-3-yl)amidrazones (-h) incorporating N-piperazines and related congeners has been synthesized by reacting the hydrazonoyl chloride 4(derived from 3-aminothiophene- 2-carboxylate) with the appropriate sec-cyclic amine. The antitumor activity of these compounds was evaluated on breast cancer (MCF-7) and leukemic (K562) cell lines by a cell viability assay utilizing the tetrazolium dye (MTT). The amidrazone 6d encompassing the N-piperazine moiety, was the most active against MCF-7 and K562 with IC50 of 7.28 and 9:91 μM, respectively.
Service social autochtone — Incorporer la vision autochtone du monde dans les stages pratiques en service social
Authors: Moeke-Pickering Taima , Partridge Cheryle 
Published: July 2014

Dans cet article, nous présentons les raisons d’être, l’élaboration et la mise en place d’un programme de service social autochtone dans un établissement universitaire traditionnel. Nous nous concentrons sur le discours associé aux visions sociales autochtones concernant le service social, et le positionnement des programmes établis par les collectivités autochtones en vue de s’adapter aux conditions universitaires ayant cours. Nous montrons également comment les enseignements autochtones sont utilisés comme modèles de passage de la théorie à la pratique et comment ils reflètent la façon par laquelle les étudiantes et les étudiants incorporent dans leurs stages pratiques leur vision autochtone du monde.
In situ measurements and analysis of ocean waves in the Antarctic marginal ice zone
Authors: Meylan Michael H. , Bennetts Luke G. , Kohout Alison L. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn situ measurements of ocean surface wave spectra evolution in the Antarctic marginal ice zone are described. Analysis of the measurements shows significant wave heights and peak periods do not vary appreciably in approximately the first 80km of the ice‐covered ocean. Beyond this region, significant wave heights attenuate and peak periods increase. It is shown that attenuation rates are insensitive to amplitudes for long‐period waves but increase with increasing amplitude above some critical amplitude for short‐period waves. Attenuation rates of the spectral components of the wavefield are calculated. It is shown that attenuation rates decrease with increasing wave period. Further, for long‐period waves the decrease is shown to be proportional to the inverse of the period squared. This relationship can be used to efficiently implement wave attenuation through the marginal ice zone in ocean‐scale wave models.
Seasonal variability of the Red Sea, from satellite gravity, radar altimetry, and in situ observations
Authors: Wahr John , Smeed David A. , Leuliette Eric , Swenson Sean 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSeasonal variations of sea surface height (SSH) and mass within the Red Sea are caused mostly by exchange of heat with the atmosphere and by flow through the strait opening into the Gulf of Aden to the south. That flow involves a net mass transfer into the Red Sea during fall and out during spring, though in summer there is an influx of cool water at intermediate depths. Thus, summer water in the south is warmer near the surface due to higher air temperatures, but cooler at intermediate depths. Summer water in the north experiences warming by air‐sea exchange only. The temperature affects water density, which impacts SSH but has no effect on mass. We study this seasonal cycle by combining GRACE mass estimates, altimeter SSH measurements, and steric contributions derived from the World Ocean Atlas temperature climatology. Among our conclusions are: mass contributions are much larger than steric contributions; the mass is largest in winter, consistent with winds pushing water into the Red Sea in fall and out during spring; the steric signal is largest in summer, consistent with surface warming; and the cool, intermediate‐depth water flowing into the Red Sea in spring has little impact on the steric signal, because contributions from the lowered temperature are offset by effects of decreased salinity. The results suggest that the combined use of altimeter and GRACE measurements can provide a useful alternative to in situ data for monitoring the steric signal.
Measuring Physician Adherence With Gout Quality Indicators: A Role for Natural Language Processing
Authors: Kerr Gail S. , Richards John S. , Nunziato Carl A. , Patterson Olga V. , DuVall Scott L. , Aujero Mireille , Maron David , Amdur Richard 
Published: July 2014

ObjectiveTo evaluate physician adherence with gout quality indicators (QIs) for medication use and monitoring, and behavioral modification (BM).MethodsGout patients were assessed for the QIs as follows: QI 1: initial allopurinol dosage <300 mg/day for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD); QI 2: uric acid within 6 months of allopurinol start; and QI 3: complete blood count and creatinine phosphokinase within 6 months of colchicine initiation. Natural language processing (NLP) was used to analyze clinical narrative data from electronic medical records (EMRs) of overweight (body mass index ≥28 kg/m2) gout patients for BM counseling on gout‐specific dietary restrictions, weight loss, and alcohol consumption (QI 4). Additional data included sociodemographics, comorbidities, and number of rheumatology and primary care visits. QI compliance versus noncompliance was compared using chi‐square analyses and independent‐groups t‐test.ResultsIn 2,280 gout patients, compliance with QI was as follows: QI 1: 92.1%, QI 2: 44.8%, and QI 3: 7.7%. Patients compliant with QI 2 had more rheumatology visits at 3.5 versus 2.6 visits (P < 0.001), while those compliant with QI 3 had more CKD (P < 0.01). Of 1,576 eligible patients, BM counseling for weight loss occurred in 1,008 patients (64.0%), low purine diet in 390 (24.8%), alcohol abstention in 137 (8.7%), and all 3 elements in 51 patients (3.2%). Regular rheumatology clinic visits correlated with frequent advice on weight loss and gout‐specific diet (P < 0.0001).ConclusionRheumatology clinic attendance was associated with greater QI compliance. NLP proved a valuable tool for measuring BM as documented in the clinical narrative of EMRs.
Lifetime Medical Costs of Knee Osteoarthritis Management in the United States: Impact of Extending Indications for Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Losina Elena , Paltiel A. David , Weinstein Alexander M. , Yelin Edward , Hunter David J. , Chen Stephanie P. , Klara Kristina , Suter Lisa G. , Solomon Daniel H. , Burbine Sara A. , Walensky Rochelle P. , Katz Jeffrey N. 
Published: July 2014

ObjectiveThe impact of increasing utilization of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) on lifetime costs in persons with knee osteoarthritis (OA) is understudied.MethodsWe used the Osteoarthritis Policy Model to estimate total lifetime costs and TKA utilization under a range of TKA eligibility criteria among US persons with symptomatic knee OA. Current TKA utilization was estimated from the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study and calibrated to Health Care Cost and Utilization Project data. OA treatment efficacy and toxicity were drawn from published literature. Costs in 2013 dollars were derived from Medicare reimbursement schedules and Red Book Online. Time costs were derived from published literature and the US Bureau of Labor Statistics.ResultsEstimated average discounted (3% per year) lifetime costs for persons diagnosed with knee OA were $140,300. Direct medical costs were $129,600, with $12,400 (10%) attributable to knee OA over 28 years. OA patients spent a mean ± SD of 13 ± 10 years waiting for TKA after failing nonsurgical regimens. Under current TKA eligibility criteria, 54% of knee OA patients underwent TKA over their lifetimes. Estimated OA‐related discounted lifetime direct medical costs ranged from $12,400 (54% TKA uptake) when TKA eligibility was limited to Kellgren/Lawrence grades 3 or 4 to $16,000 (70% TKA uptake) when eligibility was expanded to include symptomatic OA with a lesser degree of structural damage.ConclusionBecause of low efficacy of nonsurgical regimens, knee OA treatment–attributable costs are low, representing a small portion of all costs for OA patients. Expanding TKA eligibility increases OA‐related costs substantially for the population, underscoring the need for more effective nonoperative therapies.
Measurement Properties of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gandek Barbara 
Published: July 2014

ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review of the measurement properties of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and to evaluate the quality of WOMAC measurement studies using COSMIN (Consensus‐Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments) criteria.MethodsA search was conducted in the MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases through September 2013. Data that assessed the WOMAC measurement model, reliability, validity, respondent burden, and equivalence across methods of administration were extracted. Overall study quality was rated following COSMIN criteria.ResultsA total of 76 articles from 22 countries were included. Internal consistency reliability was consistently high (≥0.90) for the function scale and acceptable (≥0.70) for the pain and stiffness scales. Test–retest reliability was acceptable. Score equivalence was demonstrated across paper and electronic methods of data collection. Floor and ceiling effects were low except for notable (24–38%) proportions of patients achieving the best possible scores on the pain and stiffness scales 1–23 years after arthroplasty. Five exploratory factor analyses did not support a measurement model in which the pain and function items were distinct. Correlations between the WOMAC pain and function scales were high (median 0.79). The WOMAC pain and function scales had similar correlations with other pain measures, and therefore the WOMAC pain scale did not show divergent validity. COSMIN criteria were not fully met in most studies.ConclusionThe WOMAC scales were reliable, but its pain scale was highly related to physical function. Further research into joint‐specific pain measures that have broader content validity is needed.
Differential Regulatory Role of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase–Activating Polypeptide in the Serum‐Transfer Arthritis Model
Authors: Botz Bálint , Bölcskei Kata , Kereskai László , Kovács Miklós , Németh Tamás , Szigeti Krisztián , Horváth Ildikó , Máthé Domokos , Kovács Noémi , Hashimoto Hitoshi , Reglődi Dóra , Szolcsányi János , Pintér Erika , Mócsai Attila , Helyes Zsuzsanna 
Published: July 2014

ObjectivePituitary adenylate cyclase–activating polypeptide (PACAP) expressed in capsaicin‐sensitive sensory neurons and immune cells has divergent functions in inflammatory and pain processes. This study was undertaken to investigate the involvement of PACAP in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis.MethodsArthritis was induced in PACAP−/− and wild‐type (PACAP+/+) mice by K/BxN serum transfer. General features of the disease were investigated by semiquantitative scoring, plethysmometry, and histopathologic analysis. Mechano‐ and thermonociceptive thresholds and motor functions were also evaluated. Metabolic activity was assessed by positron emission tomography. Bone morphology was measured by in vivo micro–computed tomography, myeloperoxidase activity and superoxide production by bioluminescence imaging with luminol and lucigenin, respectively, and vascular permeability by fluorescent indocyanine green dye study.ResultsPACAP+/+ mice developed notable joint swelling, reduced grasping ability, and mechanical (but not thermal) hyperalgesia after K/BxN serum transfer. In PACAP−/− mice clinical scores and edema were significantly reduced, and mechanical hyperalgesia and motor impairment were absent, throughout the 2‐week period of observation. Metabolic activity and superoxide production increased in the tibiotarsal joints of wild‐type mice but were significantly lower in PACAP−/− animals. Myeloperoxidase activity in the ankle joints of PACAP−/− mice was significantly reduced in the early phase of arthritis, but increased in the late phase. Synovial hyperplasia was also significantly increased, and progressive bone spur formation was observed in PACAP‐deficient mice only.ConclusionIn PACAP‐deficient mice with serum‐transfer arthritis, joint swelling, vascular leakage, hyperalgesia, and early inflammatory cell accumulation are reduced; in the later phase of the disease, immune cell function and bone neoformation are increased. Elucidation of the underlying pathways of PACAP activity may open promising new avenues for development of therapy in inflammatory arthritis.
Association of Reduced Type IX Collagen Gene Expression in Human Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes With Epigenetic Silencing by DNA Hypermethylation
Authors: Imagawa Kei , de Andrés María C. , Hashimoto Ko , Itoi Eiji , Otero Miguel , Roach Helmtrud I. , Goldring Mary B. , Oreffo Richard O. C. 
Published: July 2014

ObjectiveTo investigate whether the changes in collagen gene expression in osteoarthritic (OA) human chondrocytes are associated with changes in the DNA methylation status in the COL2A1 enhancer and COL9A1 promoter.MethodsExpression levels were determined using quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction, and the percentage of DNA methylation was quantified by pyrosequencing. The effect of CpG methylation on COL9A1 promoter activity was determined using a CpG‐free vector; cotransfections with expression vectors encoding SOX9, hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α), and HIF‐2α were carried out to analyze COL9A1 promoter activities in response to changes in the methylation status. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were carried out to validate SOX9 binding to the COL9A1 promoter and the influence of DNA methylation.ResultsAlthough COL2A1 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in OA chondrocytes were 19‐fold higher than those in the controls, all of the CpG sites in the COL2A1 enhancer were totally demethylated in both samples. The levels of COL9A1 mRNA in OA chondrocytes were 6,000‐fold lower than those in controls; 6 CpG sites of the COL9A1 promoter were significantly hypermethylated in OA patients as compared with controls. Treatment with 5‐azadeoxycitidine enhanced COL9A1 gene expression and prevented culture‐induced hypermethylation. In vitro methylation decreased COL9A1 promoter activity. Mutations in the 5 CpG sites proximal to the transcription start site decreased COL9A1 promoter activity. Cotransfection with SOX9 enhanced COL9A1 promoter activity; CpG methylation attenuated SOX9 binding to the COL9A1 promoter.ConclusionThis first demonstration that hypermethylation is associated with down‐regulation of COL9A1 expression in OA cartilage highlights the pivotal role of epigenetics in OA, involving not only hypomethylation, but also hypermethylation, with important therapeutic implications for OA treatment.
Structural Associations of Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Stoppiello Laura A. , Mapp Paul I. , Wilson Deborah , Hill Roger , Scammell Brigitte E. , Walsh David A. 
Published: July 2014

ObjectiveStructural changes of osteoarthritis (OA) may occur in the absence of pain. In this study, we aimed to identify histopathologic features that are associated with symptomatic knee OA.MethodsMedial tibial plateaus and synovium samples were obtained at the time of total knee replacement (TKR) surgery for OA (advanced OA group) or were obtained postmortem from subjects who had not sought medical attention for knee pain during the last year of life (non‐OA control group). To identify features of OA, we compared the patients with advanced OA with the age‐matched non‐OA controls (n = 26 per group). To identify OA features associated with symptoms, we compared two additional groups of subjects who were matched for severity of chondropathy (n = 29 per group): patients undergoing TKR for symptomatic OA (symptomatic chondropathy group) and postmortem subjects with similar severity of chondropathy who were asymptomatic during the last year of life (asymptomatic chondropathy group). The histologic features of the samples were graded, and immunoreactivities for macrophages (CD68) and nerve growth factor (NGF) in the synovium were quantified. The cellular localization of synovial NGF was determined by double immunofluorescence analysis.ResultsAdvanced OA cases displayed more severe changes in the synovium (synovitis, increased synovial NGF, and CD68‐immunoreactive macrophages) and cartilage (loss of cartilage surface integrity, loss of proteoglycan, tidemark breaching, and alterations in chondrocyte morphology) than did the non‐OA controls. Synovial NGF was localized predominantly to fibroblasts and to some macrophages. The symptomatic chondropathy group displayed greater levels of synovitis, synovial NGF, and loss of cartilage integrity, in addition to alterations in chondrocyte morphology, than did the asymptomatic chondropathy group (P < 0.05 for each comparison).ConclusionSynovitis, increased synovial NGF, alterations in chondrocyte morphology, and loss of cartilage integrity are features of knee OA that may be associated with symptoms.