bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pourquoi et comment légiférer sur l’usure ?
Authors: Baudassé Thierry , Lavigne Anne 
Published: April 2013

Depuis que la France connaît une quasi stabilité des prix, les taux d’intérêt nominaux sont situés à des niveaux historiquement bas. Cette situation n’est pas sans conséquence sur la soutenabilité de la réglementation anti-usuraire. En effet, les établissements de crédit soutiennent que, pour certaines catégories de crédit, la tarification «juste «du risque devient impossible : l’addition du coût du risque aux autres composantes de coûts bancaires fait buter certains taux débiteurs sur le taux de l’usure. Ainsi, les établissements seraient contraints de rationner le crédit, alors même que le fonctionnement libre du marché ne les y inciterait pas. De leur côté, les usagers des services bancaires soulignent la nécessité des lois anti-usuraires afin de protéger les populations économiquement fragiles. Entre la législation interdisant l’usure et celle prohibant la vente à perte, la conciliation entre ces intérêts contradictoires est délicate. Est-il souhaitable et possible de modifier le dispositif anti-usuraire en vigueur en France aujourd’hui ? Cet article propose quelques pistes de réponses, en s’attachant exclusivement à examiner la législation anti-usuraire applicable aux particuliers, et non aux entreprises et débouche sur une proposition concrète de dispositif qui concilie les intérêts des prêteurs et des emprunteurs, quel que soit l’environnement macroéconomique.
Classification JEL : E43, G21, G28
La Justice : un revenant au pays du Contrôle ?
Authors: Langevin Pascal , Mendoza Carla 
Published: April 2013

La justice organisationnelle a depuis longtemps été reconnue comme une variable fondamentale affectant les relations des individus avec les entreprises qui les emploient : elle favorise leur satisfaction vis-à-vis du travail, leur engagement organisationnel, leur adhésion à la politique de l’entreprise, la résolution des conflits et les comportements civiques. Pourtant, peu de travaux se sont intéressés à la relation entre systèmes de contrôle et justice perçue. Ce papier présente une revue de la littérature des théories de la justice organisationnelle et son lien avec les systèmes de contrôle. En particulier, il apporte une réflexion et propose des voies de recherche sur les éléments qui peuvent augmenter la perception de justice des systèmes de contrôle et les rendre ainsi plus performants.
Les auditeurs financiers face aux conflits d'agence : une étude des déterminants des honoraires d'audit en France
Authors: Ben Ali Chiraz , Lesage Cédric 
Published: April 2013

Considérant l’audit des états financiers comme un mécanisme de réduction des asymétries d’information, nous pouvons supposer que les conflits d’agence infuencent les honoraires d’audit. En examinant les honoraires d’audit des sociétés du SBF 250, nos résultats montrent : 1) l’absence de relation significative entre la propriété managériale et les honoraires d’audit ; 2) une relation non linéaire en U inversé entre les honoraires d’audit et la propriété des actionnaires de contrôle ; 3) une relation négative entre le contrôle familial et les honoraires d’audit. Ces résultats mettent en évidence la prédominance en France des conflits d’agence entre actionnaires de contrôle et actionnaires minoritaires, contrairement aux pays anglo-saxons où prédomine le conflit entre dirigeants et actionnaires. L’étude permet de tirer des enseignements utiles pour les praticiens et les régulateurs.
Stratégie d'acteurs et processus d'introduction d'outils de contrôle de gestion en PME
Authors: Nobre Thierry , Zawadzki Cindy 
Published: April 2013

Cette recherche aborde la problématique de l’introduction du contrôle de gestion en PME en mobilisant l’analyse stratégique de Crozier et Friedberg (1977). Une étude de cas est menée dans une PME souhaitant formaliser et instrumenter sa gestion interne. Deux méthodologies d’accès au terrain sont mobi-lisées : la recherche action puis l’observation participante. Trois tentatives infructueuses sont successivement lancées et conduisent à la démission de deux directeurs administratifs et financiers. Il est mis en évidence que ces échecs sont dus aux comportements paradoxaux des acteurs stratégiques de la PME que sont le dirigeant et l’expert-comptable. Dans ce cas, la recherche montre que l’introduction du contrôle de gestion par le directeur administratif et financier est perçue comme une menace qui vient remettre en question leurs zones d’incertitude et donc leurs pouvoirs.
Le savoir-faire entre Witz et humour
Authors: Wiener Simone 
Published: April 2013

Comment s’acquiert le savoir-faire de l’analyste et en quoi peut-on le distinguer de celui de la psychanalyse ? Toujours est-il qu’il s’agit d’un savoir qui n’est pas inné mais se constitue au fil de la pratique de chacun, éclairé par sa propre analyse, en rapport avec son style. J’essaierai d’approcher cette notion par l’usage possible du Witz et de l’humour comme modalité d’un savoir-faire.
Une cause de riches ?
Authors: Blanchard Soline , Boni-Le Goff Isabel , Rabier Marion 
Published: April 2013

Résumé Les collectifs d’actrices mobilisées pour l’accès des femmes au pouvoir économique se multiplient depuis le milieu des années 2000. Initialement portés par quelques entrepreneuses fortement dotées en capitaux et désormais rejoints par un nombre croissant d’adhérentes, ils dessinent progressivement un espace de la cause de l’accès des femmes au pouvoir économique. En dépit des luttes et des clivages internes qui le traversent, y est défendue l’idée d’un capitalisme « renouvelé » par sa féminisation, en adéquation avec le logos gestionnaire. Au croisement d’un engagement pour l’égalité professionnelle femmes-hommes et de l’appartenance au champ économique, la position des actrices de ces mobilisations interroge les frontières entre pratiques professionnelles et militantes. Se dégagent alors différentes stratégies de résolution des tensions ressenties, reflets d’une articulation complexe et évolutive des formes d’engagement.
An Information Systems Model of the Determinants of Electronic Health Record Use
Authors: Khan S. , Millery M. , Campbell A. , Merrill J. , Shih S. , Kukafka R. , Messeri P. 
Published: April 2013

SummaryObjectives: The prominence given to universal implementation of electronic health record (EHR) systems in U.S. health care reform, underscores the importance of devising reliable measures of factors that predict medical care providers’ use of EHRs. This paper presents an easily administered provider survey instrument that includes measures corresponding to core dimensions of DeLone and McClean’s (D & M) model of information system success.Methods: Study data came from self-administered surveys completed by 460 primary care providers, who had recently begun using an EHR.Results: Based upon assessment of psychometric properties of survey items, a revised D&M causal model was formulated that included four measures of the determinants of EHR use (system quality, IT support, ease of use, user satisfaction) and five indicators of provider beliefs about the impact on an individual’s clinical practice. A structural equation model was estimated that demonstrated a high level of inter-correlation between the four scales measuring determinants of EHR use. All four variables had positive association with each of the five individual impact measures. Consistent with our revised D&M model, the association of system quality and IT support with the individual impact measures was entirely mediated by ease of use and user satisfaction.Conclusions: Survey research provides important insights into provider experiences with EHR. Additional studies are in progress to investigate how the variables constructed for this study are related to direct measures of EHR use.Citation: Messeri P, Khan S, Millery M, Campbell A, Merrill J, Shih S, Kukafka R. An information systems model of the determinants of electronic health record use. Appl Clin Inf 2013; 4: 185–200http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2013-01-RA-0005
Use of an Implantable Needle Guide to Access Difficult or Impossible to Cannulate Arteriovenous Fistulae using the Buttonhole Technique
Authors: Hill Andrew A. , Vasudevan Thodur , Young Nathaniel P. , Crawford Mark , Blatter Duane D. , Marsh Emma , Perry Trent , Smith Doug , Phillips Chris 
Published: April 2013

Purpose The aim of this work was to assess the safety and efficacy of the VWING Vascular Needle Guide to assist in cannulation of difficult or impossible to access fistulae using the buttonhole cannulation technique. Methods VWING devices were surgically implanted into patients with difficult to access fistulae. A nondevice site and a device site were used to access the fistula and perform dialysis over a six month period. The device site utilized the buttonhole cannulation technique. The performance of each access site was recorded. Results VWING devices were implanted in nine patients. A total of 387 cannulations took place over 1367 study days. The device site was successfully used 94% of the time compared to 77% for the nondevice site. Cannulation success was comparable between the device and nondevice sites. Ease of insertion, pain during insertion and complication rates were also comparable. No interventions were required at the device site to maintain access compared with four interventions for the nondevice access site. Conclusions The VWING performed as intended by facilitating required repeated access to the vascular system and access for hemodialysis treatment. The study has demonstrated that the VWING is a potential solution for access to difficult to cannulate fistulae.
In Situ Atomic Force Microscopy as a Tool for Investigating Interactions and Assembly Dynamics in Biomolecular and Biomineral Systems
Authors: De Yoreo James J. , Chung Sungwook , Friddle Raymond W. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAtomic force imaging and spectroscopy provide unique tools for investigating molecular interactions and dynamics in biomolecular and biomineral systems in situ. Herein, three recent examples of methods used to gain mechanistic insights into the self‐assembly of protein matrices and biomolecular controls over mineral formation are reviewed. Studies of S‐layer protein assembly reveal the complex nature of the nucleation and growth pathway, demonstrate the importance of kinetic traps in determining that pathway and provide quantification of the energy barriers controlling formation rates. Investigations of citrate and polypeptide modification of calcium oxalate monohydrate growth combined with molecular dynamics simulations (MD) demonstrate the importance of stereochemical matching at atomic steps on the crystal surface and establish a direct relationship between the step edge binding energies and shape modification. Measurements of step kinetics lead to detailed atomic‐scale models that include both thermodynamic and kinetic effects, including time‐dependent phenomena related to the multi‐stage binding dynamics of polypeptide chains. Dynamic force spectroscopy measurements of binding between amelogenin peptide segments and hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystal faces, again combined with MD simulations, establish an energetic rationale for the observed c‐axis elongation characteristic of HAP in tooth enamel, based on determinations of the peptide‐HAP binding free energy. These examples demonstrate the deep level of understanding that can be obtained by applying in situ AFM imaging and force spectroscopy to biomolecular and biomineral systems.
The Exfoliation of Graphene in Liquids by Electrochemical, Chemical, and Sonication‐Assisted Techniques: A Nanoscale Study
Authors: Xia Zhen Yuan , Pezzini Sergio , Treossi Emanuele , Giambastiani Giuliano , Corticelli Franco , Morandi Vittorio , Zanelli Alberto , Bellani Vittorio , Palermo Vincenzo 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe different exfoliation routes of graphite to produce graphene by sonication in solvent, chemical oxidation and electrochemical oxidation are compared. The exfoliation process and roughening of a flat graphite substrate is directly visualized at the nanoscale by scanning probe and electron microscopy. The etching damage in graphite and the properties of the exfoliated sheets are compared by Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction analysis. The results show the trade‐off between exfoliation speed and preservation of graphene quality. A key step to achieve efficient exfoliation is to couple gas production and mechanical exfoliation on a macroscale with non‐covalent exfoliation and preservation of graphene properties on a molecular scale.
Anticorrosion epoxy coating enriched with hybrid nanozinc dust and halloysite nanotubes
Authors: Moazeni Nima , Mohamad Zurina , Faisal Nor Liyana Izzati , Tehrani Mahsa A. , Dehbari Nazila 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTIn this study, the performance of an epoxy coating with hybrid nanozinc dust and halloysite nanotube (HNT) fillers on the corrosion protection of a carbon steel substrate was investigated. The epoxy resin was mixed with a constant amount of nanozinc dust (1%) and different contents of HNTs (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5%) with a high speed mixer. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis were used to analyze the interactions between the components in the coating material and the thermal stability of the epoxy coating, respectively. Open‐circuit potential, salt spray testing, and microscopy were also used to assess the corrosion resistance of the carbon steel substrate coated with these coating materials. The incorporation of nanozinc in the epoxy coating enhanced the corrosion protection of the carbon steel substrate compared with the pure coating. Furthermore, HNTs further enhanced the corrosion protection. The best protection was achieved when 1% nanozinc and 1% HNT were used. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 955‐960, 2013
An epoxy‐ended hyperbranched polymer as a new modifier for toughening and reinforcing in epoxy resin
Authors: Luo Lijuan , Meng Yan , Qiu Teng , Li Xiaoyu 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTA new epoxy‐ended hyperbranched polyether (HBPEE) with aromatic skeletons was synthesized through one‐step proton transfer polymerization. The structure of HBPEE was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements. It was proved to be one high efficient modifier in toughening and reinforcing epoxy matrix. In particular, unlike most other hyperbranched modifiers, the glass transition temperature (Tg) was also increased. Compared with the neat DGEBA, the hybrid curing systems showed excellent balanced mechanical properties at 5 wt % HBPEE loading. The great improvements were attributed to the increased cross‐linking density, rigid skeletons, and the molecule‐scale cavities brought by the reactive HBPEE, which were confirmed by dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermal mechanical analysis (TMA). Furthermore, because of the reactivity of HBPEE, the hybrids inclined to form a homogenous system after the curing. DMA and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results revealed that no phase separation occurred in the DGEBA/HBPEE hybrids after the introduction of reactive HBPEE. SEM also confirmed that the addition of HBPEE could enhance the toughness of epoxy materials as evident from fibril formation. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 1064‐1073, 2013
Fabrication of highly isotactic polypropylene fibers to substitute asbestos in reinforced cement composites and analysis of the fiber formation mechanism
Authors: Takahashi Tetsuya , Tsurunaga Yoko , Kondo Tetsuo 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTHighly isotactic polypropylene (PP) is currently studied as a cement‐reinforcement fiber that could potentially be substituted for asbestos because of its resistance to prolonged high‐temperature curing. The higher the isotacticity of the PP fiber is, the higher the tensile modulus and breaking strength of the cured fiber are. The PP fiber that exhibits a isotacticity of 99.6% (XI) and draw ratio of 6.0 retains a tensile modulus of 4.23 GPa, even after high‐temperature curing at 175°C for 5 h. PP fiber is cut into 6‐mm lengths and dispersed throughout a cement mixture to prepare a reinforced cement composite. The mixture is cured in an autoclave at 175°C for 5 h. The Charpy impact strength and flexural strength of the obtained cement composite tends to increase with increasing PP isotacticity. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 981‐988, 2013
Evolution of the amorphous fraction of PEEK during annealing at atmospheric and high pressure above the glass transition temperature
Authors: Dasriaux Marion , Castagnet Sylvie , Thilly Ludovic , Chocinski‐Arnault Laurence , Boyer Séverine A. E. 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTThe constrained fraction of the amorphous phase of semi‐crystalline polymers is in an out‐of‐equilibrium state so that "physical aging"‐like features can be observed (e.g., by calorimetry) even above the glass transition temperature. This was already addressed in the literature in several semi‐crystalline polymers at atmospheric pressure. Despite the well‐known influence of pressure on molecular mobility, the pressure‐sensitivity of these microstructure rearrangements has never been tackled. This study focuses on annealing in highly pressurized Poly‐Ether‐Ether‐Ketone (PEEK), compared with atmospheric pressure. The phenomenon is tracked by ex‐situ Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). A significant influence of pressure is evidenced, without any complete equivalence with temperature. Indeed, pressure seems to confine rearrangements within spatially limited domains. The stability and coexistence of reorganization processes upon successive annealings is also investigated. Finally, relationships between constrained and free amorphous phase rearrangements are discussed via the different glass transition shifts observed after atmospheric or high pressure annealing. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 1148‐1157, 2013
Less Conservative Stability Criteria for Discrete‐Time Nonlinear Stochastic Singular Systems with Mixed Time‐Delay
Authors: Weng Falu , Ding Yuanchun , Yang Guoliang , Liang Liming , Yu Zhongan 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe problem of delay‐dependent robust stability and stabilization for discrete‐time nonlinear stochastic singular systems with mixed time delay is discussed in this paper. Based on a delay partitioning technique, a new description of the system is obtained first. Then, considering each subinterval, a novel delay‐dependent Lyapunov functional is established. In terms of the linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique, the delay‐dependent conditions are proposed for the system to be regular, causal, and mean‐square stable. Moreover, a suitable robust state feedback controller is designed, and the regularity, causality and stability of the closed‐loop system are guaranteed. Finally, numerical examples are given to show the results derived from the proposed method are less conservative than the existing ones.
Heptyl α‐D‐Mannosides Grafted on a β‐Cyclodextrin Core To Interfere with Escherichia coli Adhesion: An In Vivo Multivalent Effect
Authors: Bouckaert Julie , Li Zhaoli , Xavier Catarina , Almant Mehdi , Caveliers Vicky , Lahoutte Tony , Weeks Stephen D. , Kovensky José , Gouin Sébastien G. 
Published: April 2013

Abstractn‐Heptyl α‐D‐mannoside (HM) has previously been identified as a nanomolar FimH antagonist able to prevent Escherichia coli adhesion. We have designed mono‐ and heptavalent glycoconjugates in which HM is tethered to β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) through short and long spacers. One‐pot click or co‐clicking procedures were developed to directly obtain the glycoconjugates from unprotected HM and β‐CD precursors. These FimH antagonists were examined biophysically and in vivo. Reverse titrations by isothermal calorimetry led to trapping of the short‐tethered heptavalent β‐CD in a complex with three FimH lectins. Combined dynamic light scattering and small‐angle X‐ray solution scattering data allowed the construction of a model of the FimH trimer. The heptavalent β‐CDs were shown to capture and aggregate living bacteria in solution and are therefore also able to aggregate FimH when attached to different bacteria pili. The first in vivo evaluation of multivalent FimH inhibitors has been performed. The heptavalent β‐CDs proved to be much more effective anti‐adhesive agents than monovalent references with doses of around 2 μg instilled in the mouse bladder leading to a significantly decreased E. coli load. Intravenously injected radiolabeled glycoconjugates can rapidly reach the mouse bladder and >2 μg concentrations can easily be retained over 24 h to prevent fluxing bacteria from rebinding.
Total Syntheses and Biological Reassessment of Lactimidomycin, Isomigrastatin and Congener Glutarimide Antibiotics
Authors: Micoine Kévin , Persich Peter , Llaveria Josep , Lam My‐Hanh , Maderna Andreas , Loganzo Frank , Fürstner Alois 
Published: April 2013

AbstractLactimidomycin (1) was described in the literature as an exquisitely potent cell migration inhibitor. Encouraged by this claim, we developed a concise and scalable synthesis of this bipartite glutarimide‐macrolide antibiotic, which relies on the power of ring‐closing alkyne metathesis (RCAM) for the formation of the unusually strained 12‐membered head group. Subsequent deliberate digression from the successful path to 1 also brought the sister compound isomigrastatin (2) as well as a series of non‐natural analogues of these macrolides into reach. A careful biological re‐evaluation of this compound collection showed 1 and progeny to be potently cytotoxic against a panel of cancer cell lines, even after one day of compound exposure; therefore any potentially specific effects on tumor cell migration were indistinguishable from the acute effect of cell death. No significant cell migration inhibition was observed at sub‐toxic doses. Although these findings cannot be reconciled with some reports in the literature, they are in accord with the notion that lactimidomycin is primarily a ribosome‐binder able to effectively halt protein biosynthesis at the translation stage.
Intermolecular Interactions in Li+‐glyme and Li+‐glyme–TFSA−Complexes: Relationship with Physicochemical Properties of [Li(glyme)][TFSA] Ionic Liquids
Authors: Tsuzuki Seiji , Shinoda Wataru , Seki Shiro , Umebayashi Yasuhiro , Yoshida Kazuki , Dokko Kaoru , Watanabe Masayoshi 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe stabilization energies (ΔEform) calculated for the formation of the Li+complexes with mono‐, di‐ tri‐ and tetra‐glyme (G1, G2, G3 and G4) at the MP2/6‐311G** level were −61.0, −79.5, −95.6 and −107.7 kcal mol−1, respectively. The electrostatic and induction interactions are the major sources of the attraction in the complexes. Although the ΔEformincreases by the increase of the number of the O⋅⋅⋅Li contact, the ΔEformper oxygen atom decreases. The negative charge on the oxygen atom that has contact with the Li+weakens the attractive electrostatic and induction interactions of other oxygen atoms with the Li+. The binding energies calculated for the [Li(glyme)]+complexes with TFSA−anion (glyme=G1, G2, G3, and G4) were −106.5, −93.7, −82.8, and −70.0 kcal mol−1, respectively. The binding energies for the complexes are significantly smaller than that for the Li+with the TFSA−anion. The binding energy decreases by the increase of the glyme chain length. The weak attraction between the [Li(glyme)]+complex (glyme=G3 and G4) and TFSA−anion is one of the causes of the fast diffusion of the [Li(glyme)]+complex in the mixture of the glyme and the Li salt in spite of the large size of the [Li(glyme)]+complex. The HOMO energy level of glyme in the [Li(glyme)]+complex is significantly lower than that of isolated glyme, which shows that the interaction of the Li+with the oxygen atoms of glyme increases the oxidative stability of the glyme.