bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a Korean version of a tool for assessing the incorporation of human factors into a medication-related decision support system: the I-MeDeSA
Authors: Cho I. , Han H. , Phansalkar S. , Bates D.W. , Lee J. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryObjective: The Instrument for Evaluating Human-Factor Principles in Medication-Related Decision Support Alerts (I-MeDeSA) was developed recently in the US with a view towards improving considerations of human-factor principles when designing alerts for clinical decision support (CDS) systems. This study evaluated the generalizability of this tool, in cooperation with its authors, across cultures by applying it to a Korean system. We also examined opportunities to promote user acceptance of the system.Methods: We developed a Korean version of the I-MeDeSA (K-I-MeDeSA) and used it to evaluate drug-drug interaction alerts in a large academic tertiary hospital in Seoul. We involved four reviewers (A, B, C, and D). Two (A and B) conducted the initial independent scoring, while the other two (C and D) performed a final review and assessed feedback from the initial reviewers. The obtained scores were compared with those from 13 previously reported CDS systems. The feedback was summarized qualitatively.Results: The translation of the I-MeDeSA had excellent interrater agreement in terms of face validity (scale-level content validity index = 0.95). The system’s K-I-MeDeSA score was 10 out of 26, with a good agreement between reviewers (κ = 0.77), which showed a lack of human-factor considerations. The reviewers readily identified two of the nine principles that needed primary improvement: prioritization and text-based information. The reviewers also expressed difficulty judging the following four principles: alarm philosophy, visibility, color, and learnability and confusability. Conclusion: The K-I-MeDeSA was semantically and operationally equivalent to the original tool. Only minor cultural problems were identified, leading the reviewers to suggest the need for clarification of certain words plus a more detailed description of the tool’s rationale and exemplars. Further evaluation is needed to empirically assess whether the implementation of changes in an electronic health record system could improve the adoption of CDS alerts.Citation: Cho I, Lee J, Han H, Phansalkar S, Bates DW. Evaluation of a Korean version of a tool for assessing the incorporation of human factors into a medicationrelated decision support system: the I-MeDeSA. Appl Clin Inf 2014; 5: 571–588 http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-01-RA-0005
Development and validation of a computer-based algorithm to identify foreign-born patients with HIV infection from the electronic medical record
Authors: Triant V. , Losina E. , Keefe K. , Freedberg K. , Regan S. , Levison J. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryObjective: To develop and validate an efficient and accurate method to identify foreign-born patients from a large patient data registry in order to facilitate population-based health outcomes research.Methods: We developed a three-stage algorithm for classifying foreign-born status in HIV-infected patients receiving care in a large US healthcare system (January 1, 2001-March 31, 2012) (n = 9,114). In stage 1, we classified those coded as non-English language speaking as foreign-born. In stage 2, we searched free text electronic medical record (EMR) notes of remaining patients for keywords associated with place of birth and language spoken. Patients without keywords were classified as US-born. In stage 3, we retrieved and reviewed a 50-character text window around the keyword (i.e. token) for the remaining patients. To validate the algorithm, we performed a chart review and asked all HIV physicians (n = 37) to classify their patients (n = 957).We calculated algorithm sensitivity and specificity.Results: We excluded 160/957 because physicians indicated the patient was not HIV-infected (n = 54), “not my patient” (n = 103), or had unknown place of birth (n = 3), leaving 797 for analysis. In stage 1, providers agreed that 71/95 foreign language speakers were foreign-born. Most disagreements (23/24) involved patients born in Puerto Rico. In stage 2, 49/50 patients without keywords were classified as US-born by chart review. In stage 3, token review correctly classified 55/60 patients (92%), with 93% (CI: 84.4, 100%) sensitivity and 90% (CI: 74.3, 100%) specificity compared with full chart review. After application of the three-stage algorithm, 2,102/9,114 (23%) patients were classified as foreign-born. When compared against physician response, estimated sensitivity of the algorithm was 94% (CI: 90.9, 97.2%) and specificity 92% (CI: 89.7, 94.1%), with 92% correctly classified.Conclusion: A computer-based algorithm classified foreign-born status in a large HIV-infected cohort efficiently and accurately. This approach can be used to improve EMR-based outcomes research.Citation: Levison J, Triant V, Losina E, Keefe K, Freedberg K, Regan S. Development and validation of a computer-based algorithm to identify foreign-born patients with HIV infection from the electronic medical record. Appl Clin Inf 2014; 5: 557–570 http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-02-RA-0013
Gynecological Tumors Image using High Definition Ultrasound (HDlive US)
Authors: Raga Francisco , Bonilla Francisco , Bonilla-Musoles Fernando , Castillo Juan Carlos , Luna Oscar Caballero 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT
Abdominal and/or vaginal two-dimensional (2D) and threedimensional (3D) ultrasound (US) are the ‘gold standard’ technology on which diagnosis and control of gynecological tumors depend.
In recent years a series of software that initially generated enormous interest, have been introduced to improve 2D/3D US image quality and diagnostic accuracy. Many of them have shown limited interests.
The last one and the most interesting is HDlive which incorporates a movable virtual adjustable light that, as it penetrates, produces selective illumination with respective shadows that result from the structures where light is reflected. This combination of lights and shadows results in spectacular images which are much more real than those obtained with conventional 3D US.
This note simply pretends to show the quality of images obtained in cases of gynecological tumors using this easy-tohandle high definition ultrasound technology.

How to cite this article
Bonilla-Musoles F, Raga F, Bonilla F Jr, Castillo JC, Luna OC. Gynecological Tumors Image using High Definition Ultrasound (HDlive US). Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;8(2):155-163.
Cardiac Tumors in the Neonatal Period: Clinical Features and Echocardiographic Evaluation
Authors: Stamatian Florin , Kovacs Tunde , Hăşmăşanu Monica , Opriţa Simona , Andreica Sorin , Mátyás Melinda , Decean Estera , Zaharie Gabriela 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Primary cardiac tumors are rare in the fetal and neonatal period (0.0017-0.28%), but considerably more frequent than the metastatic ones; most of them are benign. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical and echocardiographic features of cardiac tumors during the neonatal period.

Case presentations
In the period of 6 years (2007-2012), we diagnosed five newborns with cardiac tumors of which two newborns with left ventricle tumors suggestive of rhabdomyomas, both diagnosed in utero; a newborn with multiple heart and brain tumors, suggestive of tuberous sclerosis, who died after 24 days; a newborn with tricuspid valve papillary fibroelastoma, hemodynamically stable during the monitoring; and a newborn of the mother with high-risk pregnancy with a single right atrial tumor.

Conclusion
Cardiac tumors are rare but have good prognosis when not accompanied by arrhythmias or hemodynamic changes. Echocardiographic evaluation is an effective method for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with cardiac tumors.

How to cite this article
Hăşmăşanu M, Opriţa S, Kovacs T, Andreica S, Mátyás M, Decean E, Stamatian F, Zaharie G. Cardiac Tumors in the Neonatal Period: Clinical Features and Echocardiographic Evaluation. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;8(2):201-207.
Outcome of a Rare Case of Fetal Solitary Cardiac Rhabdomyoma not Associated with Tuberous Sclerosis
Authors: Shailaja Nageshu , Namrata Kulkarni , Krishna Lingegowda , LNU Vanishree , Bhat BS , Kirtan Krishna , Swathi Gunda 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT
At 19 weeks 6 days ultrasonography of a 31-year-old G2P1L1 revealed a small echogenic area seen in the subvalvular apparatus of the mitral valve (anterior mitral leaflet) suggestive of cardiac rhabdomyoma (CR). At 28 weeks of gestation there was mild increase in the size of the CR (13 × 6 mm). There was no evidence of hemodynamic compromise. The interval growth of the fetus was satisfactory. The family tree of three generations was examined and revealed no evidence of Tuberous Sclerosis. She delivered a live 34 weeks 2.2 kg male baby with 8 and 9 Apgar scores at 5 and 10 minutes respectively. Baby suddenly developed cyanosis and died 24 hours after birth. The fetal autopsy confirmed the diagnosis of CR. Genetic analysis of neonatal blood revealed no evidence of TSC mutation suggestive of tuberous sclerosis.

How to cite this article
Shailaja N, Namrata K, Krishna L, Vanishree, Bhat BS, Kirtan K, Swathi G. Outcome of a Rare Case of Fetal Solitary Cardiac Rhabdomyoma not Associated with Tuberous Sclerosis. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;8(2):226-228.
Prenatal Diagnosis of Prevalence of the Right Heart
Authors: Peng Ruan , Xie Hong-Ning , Zhu Yun-Xiao , Li Li-Juan , Du Liu , Zheng Ju 
Published: June 2014

ObjectivesTo analyze the characteristics, associations, and outcomes of prevalence of the right heart and to evaluate the use of sonography to predict the risk of a poor prognosis in fetuses with this condition.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of 182 fetuses with prevalence of the right heart. At the initial evaluation, the left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) sizes, left atrium and right atrium sizes, great artery diameters, appearance of the aortic arch and ductus arteriosus arch, and flow direction across the foramen ovale and aortic arch were documented. Malformations were documented in fetuses with intracardiac anomalies, who were divided into groups with and without coexisting extracardiac defects. The RV‐LV diameter ratio and main pulmonary artery‐to‐aortic root diameter ratio were calculated and compared. The following variables were analyzed: coexisting intracardiac anomalies, associated extracardiac anomalies, diagnosis before 24 gestational weeks, fetal growth restriction, reversed flow across the foramen ovale, reversed flow in the aortic arch, and RV‐LV ratio greater than 2.0. Relationships between these sonographic findings and the prognosis were evaluated by multivariable logistic regression.ResultsOf the 182 fetuses, 1 (0.5%) had intrauterine death, and 25 (13.7%) had neonatal death; 1 (0.5%) had selective reduction, and 106 (58.2%) underwent termination of pregnancy; 49 (26.9%) survived at this writing. The mean RV‐LV ratio was 1.67. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that only 2 sonographic parameters, coexisting intracardiac anomalies (odds ratio, 17.75; 95% confidence interval, 4.18–75.26) and diagnosis before 24 weeks (odds ratio, 17.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.80–165.39) were significantly associated with a poor prognosis.ConclusionsThe sonographic parameters of coexisting intracardiac anomalies and diagnosis before 24 gestational weeks are significant independent predictors of a poor prognosis in fetuses with prevalence of the right heart. Combinations of these risk factors may be useful in prenatal consultation.
Biparietal Diameter–to–Crown‐Rump Length Disproportion in First‐Trimester Fetuses With Holoprosencephaly
Authors: Sepulveda Waldo , Wong Amy E. , Andreeva Elena , Odegova Natalia , Martinez-Ten Pilar , Meagher Simon 
Published: June 2014

ObjectivesTo determine whether the biparietal diameter measurement is altered in first‐trimester fetuses with holoprosencephaly.MethodsCases of holoprosencephaly were collected retrospectively from 4 fetal medicine centers, and first‐trimester biparietal diameter measurements were reviewed. The diagnosis of holoprosencephaly was established sonographically by the detection of abnormal choroid plexus morphologic characteristics (absent “butterfly” sign) and the identification of a monoventricular cerebral cavity on axial views of the fetal brain. The proportion of fetuses with biparietal diameter measurements below the 5th percentile for crown‐rump length was determined.ResultsAmong 45 cases of holoprosencephaly reviewed, 43 had information on both biparietal diameter and crown‐rump length measurements. The biparietal diameter was below the 5th percentile for crown‐rump length in 14 (32.6%) fetuses. Chromosomal analysis was available in 41; no statistically significant difference in biparietal diameter measurement between those with associated chromosomal anomalies and those without anomalies was noted. A supplementary analysis using head circumference measurement showed an even greater proportion of fetuses with holoprosencephaly with measurements below the 5th percentile for crown‐rump length (18 of 42 [42.9%]).ConclusionsOne‐third of first‐trimester fetuses with a sonographic diagnosis of holoprosencephaly had a biparietal diameter that was smaller than expected for crown‐rump length. In this subset of fetuses, the evaluation of intracranial anatomy for signs of holoprosencephaly may be more difficult to perform due to the smaller size of the brain. Therefore, the detection of a biparietal diameter below the 5th percentile as expected from crown‐rump length on the first‐trimester scan may be a warning sign of holoprosencephaly and should prompt a detailed examination of the intracranial anatomy.
Assessing the Impact of Twin Pregnancies on the Pelvic Floor Using 3‐Dimensional Sonography
Authors: Kubotani Juliana Sayuri , Júnior Edward Araujo , Zanetti Miriam Raquel Diniz , Passos Jurandir Piassi , de Jármy Di Bella Zsuzsanna Ilona Katalin , Júnior Julio Elito 
Published: June 2014

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to compare the morphologic characteristics of the pelvic floor musculature between women with twin and singleton pregnancies.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional case‐control study of 40 nulliparous women aged 20 to 38 years to compare women with singleton pregnancies (n = 23) to women with twin pregnancies (n = 17). Biometric measurements of the levator hiatus and the sagittal and coronal diameters were made by transperineal 3‐dimensional sonography between the 28th and 38th gestational weeks. Comparisons were statistically assessed by the unpaired Student t test and Mann‐Whitney U test.ResultsFor the women with singleton pregnancies, the mean sagittal diameters at rest, during the Valsalva maneuver, and during pelvic floor contraction were 5.3, 5.7, and 4.5 cm, respectively, and the mean coronal diameters under these conditions were 3.8, 4.1, and 3.6 cm. For the women with twin pregnancies, the corresponding values were as follows: mean sagittal diameters, 5.3, 5.8, and 4.6 cm; and mean coronal diameters, 4.3, 4.3, and 3.8 cm. The differences in coronal diameters were statistically significant at rest (P < .01) and during contraction (P = .04). The mean levator hiatal areas for the women with singleton pregnancies were 14.6, 16.9, and 11.7 cm2 at rest, during Valsalva, and during contraction, respectively; for the women with twin pregnancies, these values were 16.0, 18.6, and 12.6 cm2.ConclusionsHiatal measurements were higher in twin than in singleton pregnancies, with coronal diameters reaching significance at rest and during contraction, suggesting that pelvic support undergoes greater changes during twin pregnancy.
Estimation of Spleen Size With Hand‐Carried Ultrasound
Authors: Lee Mitchell , Roberts J. Mark , Chen Luke , Chang Silvia , Hatala Rose , Eva Kevin W. , Meneilly Graydon S. 
Published: June 2014

ObjectivesPhysical examination can identify palpable splenomegaly easily, but evaluating lesser degrees of splenomegaly is problematic. Hand‐carried ultrasound allows rapid bedside assessment of patients. We conducted this study to determine whether hand‐carried ultrasound can reliably assess spleen size.MethodsPatients with varying degrees of splenomegaly were studied. Two sonographers blindly measured spleen size in each patient using either a hand‐carried or conventional ultrasound device in random order. Sonographers completed a data sheet indicating the adequacy of the image, clinical measurements of enlargement, and confidence in their observations.ResultsSixteen patients (10 male and 6 female; mean age ± SEM, 60 ± 4 years) were recruited. Image quality was adequate or better in all scans with conventional ultrasound and in 15 of 16 scans with hand‐carried ultrasound. The greatest longitudinal measurement recorded was statistically equivalent across ultrasound techniques, with mean values of 16.4 cm (95% confidence interval, 14.8–18.0 cm) for conventional ultrasound and 15.8 cm (95% confidence interval, 14.1–17.4 cm) for hand‐carried ultrasound. The correlation between measurement techniques was r = 0.89 (P < .0001). Sonographers were somewhat or very confident in the outcomes of all scans with conventional ultrasound and in 15 of 16 cases with hand‐carried ultrasound. In general, it took longer for sonographers to obtain images with hand‐carried ultrasound.ConclusionsWe have shown that hand‐carried ultrasound can be used at the point of care by trained individuals to diagnose splenomegaly. However, hand‐carried ultrasound images were less likely to be judged excellent, were accompanied by less diagnostic certainty, and took longer to obtain.
Inter‐Rater Reliability of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Quantification by 3‐Dimensional Sonography
Authors: Bar Michal , Roubec Martin , Farana Radim , Ličev Lacezar , Tomášková Hana , Školoudík David 
Published: June 2014

ObjectivesEmbolization from atherosclerotic carotid plaques is the most common cause of ischemic stroke; therefore, identification of high‐risk plaques by sonography is important. The aim of this study was to investigate the agreement between 2 investigators in the evaluation of sonographic parameters relating to plaque stability.MethodsThe following plaque parameters were assessed: echogenicity, homogeneity, surface, maximum content, and total volume. Serial 2‐dimensional (2D) image sequences were obtained. Linear motion of the probe was automatically synchronized with the electrocardiogram. The edges of the plaque in each image were manually identified by the investigators. The total plaque volume was calculated after computer transformation of 2D images into a 3‐dimensinoal (3D) format. Inter‐rater reliability for echogenicity, homogeneity, and the surface was assessed by the weighted κ coefficient. Parametric values were tested by a paired t test.ResultsWe enrolled 30 patients (22 male; mean age ± SD, 72 ± 13 years) in the study and evaluated 28 atherosclerotic plaques. Inter‐rater agreement values were as follows: homogeneity, 96% (κ = 0.84; P < .001); surface, 90% (κ = 0.77; P < .001); and echogenicity, 86% (κ = 0.60; P < .001). The significance values for plaque content and volume measurement agreement were P = .311 and .312, respectively, and the correlation coefficient was 0.808.ConclusionsIn our study, the agreement between 2 examiners in the evaluation of 2D and 3D sonographic parameters related to plaque stability was good to excellent. The sonographic measurement of plaque volume growth was the most accurate parameter; therefore, 3D sonography may be used for risk assessment of plaques in the future.
Temperature, grain size, and chemical controls on polycrystal anelasticity over a broad frequency range extending into the seismic range
Authors: Takei Yasuko , Karasawa Fumiya , Yamauchi Hatsuki 
Published: June 2014

AbstractRecent experimental studies have shown that anelasticity of polycrystalline materials is subject to the Maxwell frequency (fM) scaling: Q−1(f/fM). However, the applicability of this scaling to the seismic waves has not been guaranteed because experimental frequencies normalized to fM of the laboratory samples are usually much lower than the seismic frequencies normalized to fM in the upper mantle (106≤f/fM≤109). In this study, by using polycrystalline organic borneol as an analogue to mantle rock, we measured anelasticity up to f/fM≃108 and found that the Maxwell frequency scaling is not fully applicable at f/fM>104. A closer examination showed that each of the relaxation spectra obtained under various temperature, grain size, and chemical composition can be represented by the superposition of a background dissipation subject to the Maxwell frequency scaling and a peak dissipation centered at f/fM≃103. Significant increases of the peak amplitude and width with increasing temperature, grain size, and impurity content result in failure of the Maxwell frequency scaling at f/fM>104, where the peak dissipation dominates over the background dissipation. The peak is significantly broadened near the solidus temperature (T/Tmelt=0.93), producing an absorption band toward the normalized seismic frequencies. The absorption band suggested by the present data is characterized by variable amplitude and width, indicating a nonlinear reduction of seismic velocity near the solidus.
Selection, Identification and Collection of Plants for Analysis
Authors: Simmonds Monique S. J. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This short review aims to highlight the importance of checking the identification of plants that are going to be used in a natural product or medicinal plant research projects as well as checking that the accepted Latin scientific binomial for the species are used. Medicinal plants play an important part in the primary care of many people and are often overharvested and thus need to be conserved. This chapter provides a review of some of the international policies that support plant conservation. It suggests that authors consider how the identification and validation of the medicinal properties of plants can assist highlight the importance of biodiversity and thus the importance of plant conservation. Plants are important to the health of many communities and it is therefore important that information about these plants is correctly documented and researched.
Microscopic Analysis of Plants
Authors: Saukel Johannes , Ginko Elisabeth 
Published: June 2014

AbstractLight microscopy is an important method for identity and purity control of biological crude drugs. This chapter gives an introduction in the necessary techniques starting with some background information of physical optics used in microscopy, and an instruction in the equipment being needed for accurate analyzes.Besides the technical knowhow, a detailed knowledge of plant anatomy is crucial for evaluating the identity and quality of botanical raw material. Without familiarity of histology, tissue elements and cell forms, a proper microscopic analyzes is impossible. Thus, a description of important anatomical structures is given, along with some guidance concerning the examination of crude drug materials and their preparation for microscopic analyzes: What are the standard criteria for the characterization of drugs? How can one recognize the correct type of the plant organ in hand? And how does one get accurate microscopic slides resp. pictures from the drug in question? These questions and others are attempted to be answered.