bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations is correlated with birth trauma in patients with postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Chen Chunlian , Li Bo , Chai Liping , Liu Kai , Zhang Shufen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPostpartum post-traumatic stress disorder (PP-PTSD) is a severe mental disorder worldwide. In recent years, some studies have reported that PP-PTSD stems from birth trauma. The present study was dedicated in finding ways to predict the occurrence of emergency caesarean section (ECS), trying to analyze the methods to reduce incidence of PP-PTSD on this basis, further exploring the neuroimaging changes in PP-PTSD. A total of 245 primiparas with intention of vaginal delivery were recruited. The internal tocodynamometry measurement was performed during labor for all mothers, and respectively taken at 3–5 cm, 5–8 cm, and 8–10 cm of cervical dilation. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Binary logistic regression analyses were also performed to identify fetal head descending thrust that might help in the prediction of ECS. Resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed on 26 patients diagnosed with PP-PTSD of 245 mothers, the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) technology was used to observe the spontaneous neural activity of all PP-PTSD patients and correlation analyses were performed. We found that the natural delivery rate of mothers with fetal head descending thrust <16.29 N (5–8 cm), 26.36 N (8–10 cm) were respectively lower than other mothers with fetal head descending thrust ≥16.29 N (5–8 cm), 26.36 N (8–10 cm) (P < 0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) value of thrust (5–8 cm) was 0.896 (95% CI: 0.854–0.938, p < 0.001), AUC of thrust(8–10 cm) was 0.786 (95% CI: 0.714–0.858, p < 0.001), which showed strong potential for predicting ECS. In addition, the Binary logistic regression analysis showed thrust (5-8 cm) and thrust (8–10 cm) were independent correlates of ECS. The resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) results indicated that PP-PTSD group showed decreased ALFF in the bilateral insula cortex (IC), right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and left midcingulate cortex (MCC) compared with healthy postpartum women (HPW) (false discovery rate (FDR) correction q-value < 0.05). The ALFF value of the right ACC was positively correlated with the Perinatal Post-traumatic stress disorder Questionnaire (PPQ) score (r = 0.4046 p = 0.0403) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist–Civilian Version (PCL–C) score (r = 0.3909 p = 0.0483). The internal tocodynamometry measurement can serve as a predictive tool for ECS, on this basis, the implementation of effective emotional support may help to reduce the incidence of PP-PTSD. Besides, this study has verified the presence of altered ALFF in the brain regions of PP-PTSD patients, mainly involving the bilateral IC, right ACC, and left MCC, that might be associated with emotion, cognition, and memory disorders functions in PP-PTSD patients.
Could the minimum intervention oral care framework help improve the quality of oral health delivery and access to NHS primary dental care?
Authors: Abuhaloob Lamis , El-Osta Austen , Newton Tim , Rawaf Salman , Banerjee Avijit 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAccess to NHS primary dental care services is a perennial issue in the UK. Two aspects must be considered when measuring access to dental care: ‘entry access', which relates to service availability resulting in realised initial or continued access; and ‘effective access', the delivery of effective, equitable and efficient care, which manifests as equitable and optimal outcomes of care. It is proposed that the minimum intervention oral care (MIOC) delivery framework provides a person-focused, prevention-based, susceptibility/needs-related, team-delivered approach to ensuring effective access to primary oral and dental care. A theory of change model could identify the key barriers to overcome the implementation of the MIOC approach, involving all key stakeholders in primary oral and dental care delivery.
C-reactive protein (CRP) evaluation in human urine using optical sensor supported by machine learning
Authors: Cierpiak Kacper , Wityk Paweł , Kosowska Monika , Sokołowski Patryk , Talaśka Tomasz , Gierowski Jakub , Markuszewski Michał J. , Szczerska Małgorzata 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe rapid and sensitive indicator of inflammation in the human body is C-Reactive Protein (CRP). Determination of CRP level is important in medical diagnostics because, depending on that factor, it may indicate, e.g., the occurrence of inflammation of various origins, oncological, cardiovascular, bacterial or viral events. In this study, we describe an interferometric sensor able to detect the CRP level for distinguishing between no-inflammation and inflammation states. The measurement head was made of a single mode optical fiber with a microsphere structure created at the tip. Its surface has been biofunctionalized for specific CRP bonding. Standardized CRP solutions were measured in the range of 1.9 µg/L to 333 mg/L and classified in the initial phase of the study. The real samples obtained from hospitalized patients with diagnosed Urinary Tract Infection or Urosepsis were then investigated. 27 machine learning classifiers were tested for labeling the phantom samples as normal or high CRP levels. With the use of the ExtraTreesClassifier we obtained an accuracy of 95% for the validation dataset. The results of real samples classification showed up to 100% accuracy for the validation dataset using XGB classifier.
A comprehensive assessment of water quality in Fayoum depression, Egypt: identifying contaminants, antibiotic pollution, and adsorption treatability study for remediation
Authors: Fouad Mai Sayed , Mustafa Emad Fawzy , Hellal Mohamed Saad , Mwaheb Mai Ali 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the current water quality status across various regions within the Fayoum depression by examining water canals, drains, and potential contaminants impacting public health and the local ecosystem. Additionally, an adsorption treatability investigation was conducted on various antibiotics identified during the assessment. Fifteen sampling points were selected across the Fayoum depression, covering surface water bodies and agricultural drainage systems during both winter and summer seasons. Physico-chemical, microbiological, and antibiotic analyses were performed on collected water samples. The water quality parameters investigated included pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and concentrations of antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. The findings revealed significant variations in water quality parameters among different water sources, categorizing them into three types: irrigation canals, polluted canals, and drains. High contamination levels were observed in certain water canals and drains due to untreated sewage and agricultural drainage discharge. Notably, elevated TDS levels (exceeding 1200 mg/L), microbial indicators count (with total coliforms reaching up to 2.3 × 106 CFU/100 mL), and antibiotics (with concentrations of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline exceeding 4.6 µg/L) were detected. To mitigate antibiotic contamination, a Phyto-adsorption treatability study using magnetite nanoparticles prepared with Phragmites australis plant extract demonstrated promising results, achieving complete removal of high antibiotic concentrations with an adsorption capacity of up to 67 mg/g. This study provides updated insights into water quality in the Fayoum depression and proposes a novel approach for addressing antibiotic contamination, potentially safeguarding human and environmental health.
Dynamic cell culture modulates colon cancer cell migration in a novel 3D cell culture system
Authors: Mohamadian Namaqi M. , Moll F. , Wiedemeier S. , Grodrian A. , Lemke K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe progression of cancer cell migration, invasion and subsequent metastasis is the main cause of mortality in cancer patients. Through creating more accurate cancer models, we can achieve more precise results, which will lead to a better understanding of the invasion process. This holds promise for more effective prevention and treatment strategies. Although numerous 2D and 3D cell culture systems have been developed, they poorly reflect the in vivo situation and many questions have remained unanswered. This work describes a novel dynamic 3D cell culture system aimed at advancing our comprehension of cancer cell migration. With the newly designed cultivation chamber, 3D tumor spheroids were cultivated within a collagen I matrix in the presence of fluid flow to study the migration of cancer cells from spheroids in the matrix. Using light sheet microscopy and histology, we demonstrated that the morphology of spheroids is influenced by dynamic culture and that, in contrast to static culture, spheroids in dynamic culture are characterized by the absence of a large necrotic core. Additionally, this influence extends to an increase in the size of migration area, coupled with an increase in expression of some genes related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The results here highlight the importance of dynamic culture in cancer research. Although the dynamic 3D cell culture system in this study was used to investigate migration of one cell type into a matrix, it has the potential to be further developed and used for more complex models consisting of different cell types or to analyze other steps of metastasis development such as transendothelial migration or extravasation.
An approach leveraging radiomics and model checking for the automatic early diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis
Authors: Varriano Giulia , Nardone Vittoria , Brunese Maria Chiara , Bruno Michela , Santone Antonella , Brunese Luca , Zappia Marcello 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAdhesive Capsulitis of the shoulder is a painful pathology limiting shoulder movements, commonly known as “Frozen Shoulder”. Since this pathology limits movement, it is important to make an early diagnosis. Diagnosing capsulitis relies on clinical assessment, although diagnostic imaging, such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging, can provide predictive or supportive information for specific characteristic signs. However, its diagnosis is not so simple nor so immediate, indeed it remains a difficult topic for many general radiologists and expert musculoskeletal radiologists. This study aims to investigate whether it is possible to use disease signs within a medical image to automatically diagnose Adhesive Capsulitis. To this purpose, we propose an automatic Model Checking-based approach to quickly diagnose the Adhesive Capsulitis taking as input the radiomic feature values from the medical images. Furthermore, we compare the performance achieved by our method with diagnostic results obtained by professional radiologists with different levels of experience. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first method for the automatic diagnosis of Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder.
Performance analysis of multi-angle QAOA for $$p > 1$$
Authors: Gaidai Igor , Herrman Rebekah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper we consider the scalability of multi-angle QAOA with respect to the number of QAOA layers. We found that MA-QAOA is able to significantly reduce the depth of QAOA circuits, by a factor of up to 4 for the considered data sets. Moreover, MA-QAOA is less sensitive to system size, therefore we predict that this factor will be even larger for big graphs. However, MA-QAOA was found to be not optimal for minimization of the total QPU time. Different optimization initialization strategies are considered and compared for both QAOA and MA-QAOA. Among them, a new initialization strategy is suggested for MA-QAOA that is able to consistently and significantly outperform random initialization used in the previous studies.
The influence of contrast media on calcium-based imaging of the spine in dual-layer CT
Authors: Rahn S. , Skornitzke S. , Melzig C. , Reiner T. , Stiller W. , Heussel C. P. , Kauczor H. U. , Weber T. F. , Do T. D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of contrast media application on CT attenuation of the bone using a novel calcium-only imaging technique (VCa) from dual-layer spectral detector CT (DLCT), which enables CT-based bone mineral density measurement unimpeded by soft tissue components. For this, true non-contrast (TNC) and venous phase images (VP) of n = 97 patients were acquired. CT attenuation of the first lumbar vertebra (L1) was measured in TNC-VCa, VP-VCa, and in virtual non-contrast images (VNC). CT attenuation was significantly higher in VP-VCa than in TNC-VCa (p < 0.001), although regression analyses revealed a strong linear association between these measures (R2 = 0.84). A statistical model for the prediction of TNC-VCa CT attenuation was established (TNC-VCa[HU] = − 6.81 + 0.87 × VP-VCa[HU]-0.55 × body weight[kg]) and yielded good agreement between observed and predicted values. Furthermore, a L1 CT attenuation threshold of 293 HU in VP-VCa showed a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 96% for detecting osteoporosis. The application of contrast media leads to an overestimation of L1 CT attenuation in VCa. However, CT attenuation values from VP-VCa can be used within CT-based opportunistic osteoporosis screening eighter by applying a separate threshold of 293 HU or by converting measured data to TNC-VCa CT attenuation with the given regression equation.
Gasdermin D cysteine residues synergistically control its palmitoylation-mediated membrane targeting and assembly
Authors: Margheritis Eleonora , Kappelhoff Shirin , Danial John , Gehle Nadine , Kohl Wladislaw , Kurre Rainer , González Montoro Ayelén , Cosentino Katia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGasdermin D (GSDMD) executes the cell death program of pyroptosis by assembling into oligomers that permeabilize the plasma membrane. Here, by single-molecule imaging, we elucidate the yet unclear mechanism of Gasdermin D pore assembly and the role of cysteine residues in GSDMD oligomerization. We show that GSDMD preassembles at the membrane into dimeric and trimeric building blocks that can either be inserted into the membrane, or further assemble into higher-order oligomers prior to insertion into the membrane. The GSDMD residues Cys39, Cys57, and Cys192 are the only relevant cysteines involved in GSDMD oligomerization. S-palmitoylation of Cys192, combined with the presence of negatively-charged lipids, controls GSDMD membrane targeting. Simultaneous Cys39/57/192-to-alanine (Ala) mutations, but not Ala mutations of Cys192 or the Cys39/57 pair individually, completely abolish GSDMD insertion into artificial membranes as well as into the plasma membrane. Finally, either Cys192 or the Cys39/Cys57 pair are sufficient to enable formation of GSDMD dimers/trimers, but they are all required for functional higher-order oligomer formation. Overall, our study unveils a cooperative role of Cys192 palmitoylation-mediated membrane binding and Cys39/57/192-mediated oligomerization in GSDMD pore assembly. This study supports a model in which Gasdermin D oligomerization relies on a two-step mechanism mediated by specific cysteine residues.
A 0.037 pJ K2$\text{K}^2$ 338 pW temperature sensor based on dynamic leakage‐suppression logic
Authors: Li Hao , Yang Zhao , Kong Dezhu , Yin Aiguo , Zhang Peiyong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis letter introduces an ultra‐low‐power temperature sensor utilizing dynamic leakage‐suppression (DLS) logic and thoroughly analyses its working principle. The sensor effectively tackles the weak pull‐up challenge inherent in DLS logic ensuring its compatibility with standard digital logic. By capitalizing on the super cut‐off attribute of DLS logic, the frontend of the sensor achieves ultra‐low power consumption, without compromising on measurement precision or the breadth of the temperature range. The digital part of the proposed utilizes the output frequency of the sensor's frontend as the clock source, in conjunction with an external 50 Hz reference clock, achieving a low overall power consumption. The frontend of the temperature sensor was fabricated using a 180 nm process, occupying a minimal area of 374 . The digital part of the circuit is implemented using FPGA. Following a two‐point calibration and system error removal, the sensor, operating at a supply voltage of 0.8 V, demonstrated a error of across the temperature range of −20 to 125 . At 25 , the resolution figure of merit of the sensor was 0.037 pJ , with a maximum voltage sensitivity of 4.2 .
High‐power radio frequency wireless energy transfer system: Comprehensive survey on design challenges
Authors: Soleimani Javad , Karabulut Kurt Gunes 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFeeding electrical components without having a physical contact was always a goal in electrical engineering. Nowadays, Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) is becoming the main way to provide energy for wireless sensors. WPT can be categorised into two primary techniques: radiative and non‐radiative methods. The authors uniquely delve into the utilisation of radiative methods, precisely the Radio Frequency (RF)‐WPT method. The authors focus on the factors and considerations for designing this kind of systems highlighting the specific nuances and challenges associated with high power wireless energy transfer systems and will try to define an efficient design method. A comprehensive survey is offered encompassing the entire system. It explores both transmitter and receiver systems, dissecting their subsystems and elements and challenges related to high power application one by one, while also elucidating the essential principles and integration factors.
Predeposit Autologous Blood Donation in Rh(D)-Negative Pregnant Women: A Single-Center Study
Authors: Xie Juan , Ling Yu , Zhou Xiaoyu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective The primary purpose of this study was to assess the practicability of predeposit autologous blood donation (PABD) in the practice of Rh(D)-negative pregnant women.
Materials and Methods A cohort of 405 Rh(D)-negative pregnant women who had a delivery in the comprehensive tertiary hospital in Nanjing was analyzed retrospectively, over 10 years.
Results After PABD, 203 women experienced a slight drop in mean hemoglobin of 5.32 ± 0.5 g/L (PABD-associated anemia was not featured in our study). Thirteen women who received allogeneic blood might benefit from PABD practically.
Conclusion PABD is applicable for Rh(D)-negative pregnant women, as it ensures the availability of the patient's blood in the event of perinatal hemorrhage, thus minimizing the need for transfusion from external sources. Despite the autologous blood reinfusion of low proportion, PABD could still serve as an alternative when allogeneic blood resources are scarce. However, one challenge in the future is to identify candidates who may benefit most from PABD. Also, more attention is needed to raise awareness of patient blood management. Recommended strategies include early screening and treatment of anemia, hemostasis promotion, and blood loss reduction. Replacement of allogeneic transfusion with autotransfusion could be referred to where feasible. We believe that PABD still has a promising potential for application in Rh(D)-negative pregnant women.
Clinical Semiology and Comparative Analysis of Different Classification Systems of Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures
Authors: Mohan Midhun , Kulshreshtha Dinkar , Qavi Abdul , Maurya Pradeep Kumar , Vijayaragavan Vijayavarman , Singh Ajai Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective Only a few studies have compared the different classification systems of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNESs). A universally acceptable classification system for PNES will aid in the early diagnosis and may lead to better standardization for future studies. This study aimed to describe the clinical semiology and provide comparative analysis of PNES classification systems described by Hubsch et al, Wadwekar et al, Dhiman et al, and Asadi-Pooya.
Methods Prospectively, patients provisionally diagnosed clinically as PNES were confirmed on video electroencephalography and their semiology was classified according to the classification systems mentioned earlier. Patients were additionally evaluated for coexisting anxiety or depression using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria and its severity assessed using Hamilton's depression/anxiety rating scales.
Results A total of 104 PNES patients were included in the study. Mean age at presentation was 24.5 ± 10.4 years with females as the predominant proportion (76.9%). Whole body flaccidity was the commonest clinical presentation of PNES seen in 60.58% cases. All PNES cases could be classified using the Asadi-Pooya's classification, while 8.7, 47.1, and 53.8% PNES events remained unclassified, respectively, using the classification system as described by Dhiman et al, Wadwekar et al, and Hubsch et al; 33(31.73%) PNES patients had depression and 8 (7.7%) had generalized anxiety disorder in our study.
Conclusion Nonmotor manifestations were the most frequent semiology in our cohort. Of the PNES classification systems studied, Asadi-Pooya's classification was easier to apply and could classify all the patients in the study.
Existence of optimal domains for the helicity maximisation problem among domains satisfying a uniform ball condition
Authors: Gerner Wadim 
Published: August 2024

In the present work we present a general framework which guarantees the existence of optimal domains for isoperimetric problems within the class of C1,1-regular domains satisfying a uniform ball condition as long as the desired objective function satisfies certain properties. We then verify that the helicity isoperimetric problem studied in [Cantarella et al., J. Math. Phys. 41, 5615 (2000)] satisfies the conditions of our framework and hence establish the existence of optimal domains within the given class of domains. We additionally use the same framework to prove the existence of optimal domains among uniform C1,1-domains for a first curl eigenvalue problem which has been studied recently for other classes of domains in [Enciso et al., Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 377, 4519–4540 (2024)].
Uncertainty quantification in atomistic simulations of silicon using interatomic potentials
Authors: Best I. R. , Sullivan T. J. , Kermode J. R. 
Published: August 2024

Atomistic simulations often rely on interatomic potentials to access greater time and length scales than those accessible to first-principles methods, such as density functional theory. However, since a parameterized potential typically cannot reproduce the true potential energy surface of a given system, we should expect a decrease in accuracy and increase in error in quantities of interest calculated from these simulations. Quantifying the uncertainty on the outputs of atomistic simulations is thus an important, necessary step so that there is confidence in the results and available metrics to explore improvements in said simulations. Here, we address this research question by forming ensembles of atomic cluster expansion potentials, and using conformal prediction with ab initio training data to provide meaningful, calibrated error bars on several quantities of interest for silicon: the bulk modulus, elastic constants, relaxed vacancy formation energy, and the vacancy migration barrier. We evaluate the effects on uncertainty bounds using a range of different potentials and training sets.