bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of a novel anorganic bovine bone xenograft with enhanced bioactivity and osteoconductivity
Authors: Cho Jung Sang , Kim Hyung‐Sup , Um Seung‐Hoon , Rhee Sang‐Hoon 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA novel anorganic bovine bone xenograft with enhanced bioactivity and osteoconductivity was prepared by an ion substitution method using sodium hypochlorite. Bovine bone granules were defatted, washed, and then soaked in sodium hypochlorite solution at room temperature. Subsequently, the granules were dried and then heat‐treated at 1000°C with sodium hypochlorite. As a control, bovine bone granules were prepared with the same conditions but without sodium hypochlorite treatment. Phase, functional group, and elemental analyses by XRD, FTIR, and EPMA showed that the granules heat‐treated without and with sodium hypochlorite were pure hydroxyapatite and sodium‐chlorine‐bearing hydroxyapatite, respectively. After soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 1 week, low crystalline hydroxyl carbonate apatite fully covered the surface of sodium‐chlorine‐bearing hydroxyapatite, whereas it formed little on the hydroxyapatite surface. After soaking in SBF and deionized water, ICP‐AES and IC analyses showed that the dissolutions of calcium, sodium, chlorine, and hydroxyl ions from sodium‐chlorine‐bearing hydroxyapatite notably increased compared with those from hydroxyapatite. This resultantly increased the ionic activity product of apatite in SBF and induced new formation of low crystalline hydroxyl carbonate apatite. The cytotoxicity test by BCA assay showed that there were no statistically significant differences between hydroxyapatite and sodium‐chlorine‐bearing hydroxyapatite. In addition, sodium‐chlorine‐bearing hydroxyapatite showed better osteoconductivity in the calvarial defects of New Zealand white rabbits within 4 weeks compared with that of hydroxyapatite. The results suggest that this novel anorganic bovine bone xenograft possesses encouraging potential for use as a bone grafting material due to better bioactivity and osteoconductivity than hydroxyapatite. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2013.
The P2Y13 receptor regulates extracellular ATP metabolism and the osteogenic response to mechanical loading
Authors: Wang Ning , Rumney Robin MH , Yang Lang , Robaye Bernard , Boeynaems Jean-Marie , Skerry Timothy M , Gartland Alison 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT

ATP release and subsequent activation of purinergic receptors has been suggested to be one of the key transduction pathways activated by mechanical stimulation of bone. The P2Y13 receptor, recently found to be expressed by osteoblasts, has been suggested to provide a negative feedback pathway for ATP release in different cell types. Therefore, we hypothesized that the P2Y13 receptor may contribute to the mediation of osteogenic responses to mechanical stimulation by regulating ATP metabolism by osteoblasts. To test this hypothesis, wild-type (WT) and P2Y13 receptor knockout (P2Y13R−/−) mice were subject to non-invasive axial mechanical loading of the left tibiae to induce an osteogenic response. Micro-computed tomography analysis showed mechanical loading induced an osteogenic response in both strains of mice in terms of increased total bone volume and cortical bone volume, with the P2Y13R−/− mice having a significantly greater response. The extent of the increased osteogenic response was defined by dynamic histomorphometry data showing dramatically increased bone formation and mineral apposition rates in P2Y13R−/− mice compared with controls. In vitro, primary P2Y13R−/− osteoblasts had an accumulation of mechanically induced extracellular ATP and reduced levels of hydrolysis. In addition, P2Y13R−/− osteoblasts also had a reduction in their maximal alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, one of the main ecto-enzymes expressed by osteoblasts, which hydrolyzes extracellular ATP. In conclusion, deletion of the P2Y13 receptor leads to an enhanced osteogenic response to mechanical loading in vivo, possibly because of the reduced extracellular ATP degradation by ALP. The augmented osteogenic response to mechanical stimulation, combined with suppressed bone remodeling activities and protection from OVX-induced bone loss after P2Y13 receptor depletion as previously described, suggests a potential role for P2Y13 receptor antagonist-based therapy, possibly in combination with mechanical loading, for the treatment of osteoporosis.
Variation in tibial functionality and fracture susceptibility among healthy, young adults arises from the acquisition of biologically distinct sets of traits
Authors: Jepsen Karl J , Evans Rachel , Negus Charles H , Gagnier Joel J , Centi Amanda , Erlich Tomer , Hadid Amir , Yanovich Ran , Moran Daniel S 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT

Physiological systems like bone respond to many genetic and environmental factors by adjusting traits in a highly coordinated, compensatory manner to establish organ-level function. To be mechanically functional, a bone should be sufficiently stiff and strong to support physiological loads. Factors impairing this process are expected to compromise strength and increase fracture risk. We tested the hypotheses that individuals with reduced stiffness relative to body size will show an increased risk of fracturing and that reduced strength arises from the acquisition of biologically distinct sets of traits (ie, different combinations of morphological and tissue-level mechanical properties). We assessed tibial functionality retrospectively for 336 young adult women and men engaged in military training, and calculated robustness (total area/bone length), cortical area (Ct.Ar), and tissue-mineral density (TMD). These three traits explained 69% to 72% of the variation in tibial stiffness (p &lt; 0.0001). Having reduced stiffness relative to body size (body weight × bone length) was associated with odds ratios of 1.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.5–4.3) and 7.0 (95% CI, 2.0–25.1) for women and men, respectively, for developing a stress fracture based on radiography and scintigraphy. K-means cluster analysis was used to segregate men and women into subgroups based on robustness, Ct.Ar, and TMD adjusted for body size. Stiffness varied 37% to 42% among the clusters (p &lt; 0.0001, ANOVA). For men, 78% of stress fracture cases segregated to three clusters (p &lt; 0.03, chi-square). Clusters showing reduced function exhibited either slender tibias with the expected Ct.Ar and TMD relative to body size and robustness (ie, well-adapted bones) or robust tibias with reduced residuals for Ct.Ar or TMD relative to body size and robustness (ie, poorly adapted bones). Thus, we show there are multiple biomechanical and thus biological pathways leading to reduced function and increased fracture risk. Our results have important implications for developing personalized preventative diagnostics and treatments.
γ‐Aminobutyric acid‐ρ expression in ependymal glial cells of the mouse cerebellum
Authors: Reyes‐Haro Daniel , González‐González María Alejandra , Pétriz Adriana , Rosas‐Arellano Abraham , Kettenmann Helmut , Miledi Ricardo , Martínez‐Torres Ataulfo 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe ependymal glial cells (EGCs) from the periventricular zone of the cerebellum were studied to determine their distribution and the functional properties of their γ‐aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors. EGCs were identified by the presence of ciliated structures on their ventricular surface and their expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Interestingly, diverse cell types, including neurons, astrocytes, and other types of glia, were identified in the subventricular zone by their current profiles. Electron microscopy showed ciliated cells and myelinated axons in this zone, but we found no collateral connections to suggest the presence of functional synapses. GABA‐mediated currents were recorded from EGCs in cerebellar slices from postnatal days 13 to 35 (PN13–PN35). These currents were blocked by TPMPA (a highly specific GABAAρ subunit antagonist) and bicuculline (a selective antagonist for classic GABAA receptors). Pentobarbital failed to modulate GABAA‐mediated currents despite the expression of GABAα1 and GABAγ2 subunits. In situ hybridization, RT‐PCR, and immunofluorescence studies confirmed GABAρ1 expression in EGCs of the cerebellum. We conclude that cerebellar EGCs express GABAρ1, which is functionally involved in GABAA receptor‐mediated responses that are unique among glial cells of the brain. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Microwave‐assisted extraction of edible Cicerbita alpina shoots and its LC‐MS phenolic profile
Authors: Alexandru Lavinia , Pizzale Lorena , Conte Lanfranco , Barge Alessandro , Cravotto Giancarlo 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDCrude extracts obtained from the edible shoots of Cicerbita alpina using microwave‐assisted extraction have been qualitatively profiled by liquid chromatography coupled with an ion trap mass spectrometry detector and an electrospray ionization interface (LC/ESI‐MS3) for their phenolic content. The main challenge of the present investigation was to create a working strategy designed to obtain a rich phenolic profile despite the limited amount of starting plant material and phytochemical data available.RESULTSThe best extraction conditions (temperature 90 °C; time 5 min; solvent methanol:water 50:50; sample weight 3 g) were achieved using a full factorial 24 experimental design. Fifteen compounds, including flavonoid conjugates and phenolic acid derivatives, were detected and tentatively identified. The total phenolic content varied from 93.58 mg g−1 gallic acid equivalents (GAE), for the cultivated plant to 10.54 mg g−1 GAE for the wild one, whereas the total flavonoid content varied from 145.00 mg g−1 rutin for the cultivated plant to 25.22 mg g−1 rutin for the wild one.CONCLUSIONA total of 11 compounds are herein reported, for the first time, as coming from this plant source. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Two‐photon excited fluorescence imaging of endogenous contrast in a mouse model of ovarian cancer
Authors: Watson Jennifer M. , Marion Samuel L. , Rice Photini F. , Utzinger Urs , Brewer Molly A. , Hoyer Patricia B. , Barton Jennifer K. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveOvarian cancer has an extremely high mortality rate resulting from poor understanding of the disease. In order to aid understanding of disease etiology and progression, we identify the endogenous fluorophores present in a mouse model of ovarian cancer and describe changes in fluorophore abundance and distribution with age and disease.Study Design/Materials and MethodsA mouse model of ovarian cancer was created by dosing with 4‐vinylcyclohexene diepoxide, which induces follicular apoptosis (simulating menopause), and 7,12‐dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, a known carcinogen. Imaging of ovarian tissue was completed ex vivo with a multiphoton microscope using excitation wavelength of 780 nm and emission collection from 405 to 505 nm. Two‐photon excited fluorescence images and corresponding histologic sections with selective stains were used to identify endogenous fluorophores.ResultsThe majority of collected fluorescence emission was attributed to NADH and lipofuscin, with additional contributions from collagen and elastin. Dim cellular fluorescence from NADH did not show observable changes with age. Changes in ovarian morphology with disease development frequently caused increased fluorescence contributions from collagen and adipose tissue‐associated NADH. Lipofuscin fluorescence was much brighter than NADH fluorescence and increased as a function of both age and disease.ConclusionsOur finding of NADH fluorescence patterns similar to that seen previously in human ovary, combined with the observation of lipofuscin accumulation with age and disease also seen in human organs, suggests that the findings from this model may be relevant to human ovarian disease. Increased lipofuscin fluorescence might be used as an indicator of disease in the ovary and this finding warrants further study. Lasers Surg. Med. 45: 155–166, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Wideband internal antenna with coupled feeding for 4G mobile phone
Authors: Zhao Guo‐Huang , Wang An‐Guo , Leng Wen , Chen Bin , Chen Hua 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA wideband internal antenna that is composed of a coupled feeding part and four branch lines is presented.The proposed antenna can operate within two wide bands of 0.64–0.99 GHz and 1.65–2.85 GHz which cover 11 service bands including LTE 700/2300/2500, AMPS800, GSM900, DCS1800, PCS, UMTS, WiBro2350, ISM/Bluetooth, and WLAN for the 4G mobile phone. The antenna could be available not only for future 4G service but also for current 2G/3G services. This internal antenna is fabricated within the limits of a 65 × 11 × 7 mm3 volume and suitable for smart phones or personal digital assistant (PDA) applications. The measured results are in agreement with the simulation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:513–516, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27341
Miniaturization of ring resonator bandpass filters using dielectric ceramic substrates
Authors: Huang Cheng‐Liang , Yang Wen‐Ruei , Huang Sen‐Hung 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA compact bandpass filter is designed using stepped impedance ring resonators with zero‐degree feed structure.This compact bandpass filters using FR4 and high‐permittivity ceramic substrates (with respective dielectric constants of 4.5 and 13.46) are investigated. Using high Q, high permittivity dielectric ceramic materials as substrates, the filters demonstrate high selectivity, compact size, and can be applied in several microwave communication systems. An electromagnetic simulator is used to design the ring resonators, and to calculate the coupling coefficient of the basic coupling strictures. A precise planar bandpass filter with ceramic substrates has been fabricated using the screen printing technique. The responses of bandpass filters using FR4 (εr = 4.5, tan δ = 0.015) and Mg4Nb2O9 with 0.75 wt% Fe2O3 (εr = 13.46, tan δ = 0.00004) ceramic substrates are designed at a center frequency of 2.4 GHz with bandwidth of about 9%. The compact size, low‐loss, and performance of the filter are demonstrated in this article. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:660–663, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27346
A universal ring 0°/180° coupler for arbitrary power division
Authors: Park Myun‐Joo , Lee Byungje 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA universal ring structure is presented for the 0°/180° coupler operation with arbitrary power division ratios. The ring circuit topology is investigated for the 0°/180° coupler operation based on the 4‐port admittance parameter analysis. The universal design equations are derived in terms of 4‐port admittance parameters of the coupler and the 2‐port branch parameters of the ring. The universal conditions for the coupler operation are presented in terms of the self and the mutual admittances of the ring. The universal ring topology under consideration is quite general with minimized circuit restrictions and the presented results are applicable to almost all types of ring coupler structures including the lumped as well as the distributed circuit implementations. As an example, the presented results for the universal ring are applied successfully to the design of uniform transmission line ring couplers with arbitrary values for the line impedances, electrical lengths, and the power division ratios. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:543–547, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27351
A 60‐GHz double‐balanced mixer with negative resistance compensation for direct up‐conversion using 90‐nm CMOS technology
Authors: Tsai Tzung‐Min , Lin Yo‐Sheng 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA 60‐GHz double‐balanced mixer for direct up‐conversion using standard 90‐nm CMOS technology is reported.The up‐conversion mixer comprises a double‐balanced Gilbert cell with negative resistance compensation for conversion gain (CG) enhancement, a Marchand balun for converting the single local oscillator (LO) input signal to differential signal, and another Marchand balun for converting the differential radio‐frequency (RF) output signal to single signal. The mixer consumes 15.1 mW and achieves intermediate frequency (IF)‐port input return loss of −36.7 dB at 0.1 GHz, LO‐port input return loss of −9.9∼−19.1 dB, and RF‐port input return loss of −12.4∼−31.3 dB for frequencies 57∼64 GHz. At IF of 0.1 GHz, the mixer achieves maximum CG of 4.5 dB at RF of 60 GHz. The corresponding 3‐dB bandwidth of RF is 6.2 GHz (57.1∼63.3 GHz). The measured LO–RF isolation is 57.5 dB at RF of 60 GHz. In addition, the measured output 1‐dB compression point and input third‐order intermodulation point are −11.8 and −5 dBm, respectively, at RF of 60 GHz. These results demonstrate the proposed up‐conversion mixer architecture is very promising for 60‐GHz direct‐conversion transceiver applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:536–543, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27352
Dual current injection tunable SBG semiconductor laser with asymmetric π equivalent phase shift
Authors: Zhou Yating , Hou Jie , Chen Xiangfei 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAn asymmetric π equivalent phase shift sampled Bragg grating (SBG) semiconductor, which is consisted of two section with the same length but different sampling duty cycle 0.4 and 0.6, is investigated experimentally. By increasing the two injected currents of the studied laser from 15 mA to 120 mA, the lasing wavelength can be tuned by 2.1 nm. Combining selecting appropriate sampling period, the lasing wavelength of the laser can be tuned to meet the ITU‐T standard. Because of high yield and low cost, this type of SBG laser is very beneficial for designing and fabricating monolithically integrated wideband multiwavelength laser array for photonic integrated circuits in next generation fiber‐optic system. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:692–696, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27357
Design of an MOM diode‐coupled frequency‐selective surface
Authors: Kinzel Edward C. , Brown Robert L. , Ginn James C. , Lail Brian A. , Slovick Brian A. , Boreman Glenn D. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis article presents the design of a slot‐antenna‐based frequency selective surface coupled with metal‐oxide‐metal diodes integrated into the structure. This design takes advantage of a single self‐aligned patterning step using shadow evaporation. The structure is optimized at 10.6 μm to have less than 2% reflection with 70% of the incident energy dissipated into the oxide layer. Initial experimental results conducted with e‐beam lithography are presented. The fabricated structure is shown to produce a polarization sensitive unbiased DC current. This design will be useful for both infrared sensing and imaging as well as direct conversion of thermal energy. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:489–493, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27363
A dual‐band cross‐coupled oscillator using the varactor‐switching mode technique
Authors: Jang Sheng‐Lyang , Chen Yao‐Tsu , Lin Yu‐Sheng , Chang Chia‐Wei , Huang Jhin‐Fang 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA dual‐band cross‐coupled oscillator is proposed to operate at 5 and 9 GHz. The oscillator consists of two cross‐coupled BiCMOS oscillators with shared series‐tuned LC‐tank. In the even‐mode, the series‐tuned LC‐tank takes no part in affecting the oscillation frequency, whereas in the odd‐mode, the series‐tuned LC‐tank plays the role in the oscillation frequency. The proposed oscillator has been implemented with the TSMC 0.18 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology and the core power consumption is 2.6 mW at the supply voltage of 0.7 V. The figure of merit is −192/−190 dBc/Hz at high‐/low‐band. The die area of the dual‐band VCO is 1.04 × 0.755 mm2. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:485–488, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27368
A wide bandwidth V‐band balanced resistive mixer with a miniature meandering balun
Authors: Huang Fan‐Hsiu , Lin Shao‐Wei , Ke Po‐Yu , Chiu Hsien‐Chin 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWe report a wideband resistive mixer fabricated in 0.15‐μm pHEMT for 60‐GHz frequency range, which includes an LO marchand balun and miniaturized IF lumped element balun.The measured conversion loss is less than 16 dB at RF bandwidth of 56–60 GHz with 2.4‐GHz fixed IF frequency. The LO‐to‐IF and RF‐to‐IF isolations are better than 30 dB. The input P1dB and input IIP3 are obtained as high as −2 and 7 dBm, respectively. The miniature technique makes passive components more compact and easier to be integrated with IC circuit design. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:547–550, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27371
Dual‐band VCO with composite right‐/left‐handed resonator
Authors: Jang Sheng‐Lyang , Liu You‐Wei , Chang Chia‐Wei , Hsue Ching‐Wen 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis article proposes a high‐performance CMOS voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO) implemented with composite right‐/left‐handed nonmobius‐connected LC‐rings to provide dual‐band differential outputs.The VCO consists of two cross‐coupled sub‐VCOs sharing series‐LC resonators. nMOSFET switches are used to control high‐ and low‐band outputs. The proposed VCO has been implemented with the TSMC 0.18 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The die area of the VCO is 1.16 × 1.12 mm2. With the switch on, the odd‐mode VCO operates at the high‐frequency 6 GHz band, and when the switch is off, the even‐mode VCO operates at the low‐frequency 4 GHz band. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:468–471, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27375
A 4.6‐mW 45‐GHz compact‐size darlington‐pair LC‐VCO IN 0.18‐μm cmos technology
Authors: Chiou H.‐K. , Chou and H.‐T. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis work proposes a 45‐GHz Darlington‐pair voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO) in 0.18‐μm CMOS process. The Darlington‐pair transistors achieve a 10.3‐GHz higher unit gain cutoff frequency (fT) and lower negative resistance than those obtained in single MOS counterpart. This feature lowers the minimum current to start oscillation and hence reduces the power consumption in millimeter‐wave frequency regime. Meanwhile, a high‐Q straight transmission line is used to replace the inductor of the VCO resonator and achieves a good phase noise of −106.3 dBc/Hz at 10 MHz offset. The achieved figure‐of‐merit is −172.7 dBc/Hz while consumes a low direct current (DC) power consumption of 4.6 mW from a 1.5 V supply. The chip size including all pads is 0.19 mm2. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:648–652, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27380