bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Closed form Models for Pull-In Voltage of Electrostatically Actuated Cantilever Beams and Comparative Analysis of Cantilevers and Microgripper
Authors: Ramakrishnan Kalaiarasi , Srinivasan Hosimin 
Published: September 2012

Closed form Models for Pull-In Voltage of Electrostatically Actuated Cantilever Beams and Comparative Analysis of Cantilevers and MicrogripperPull-in voltage Evaluation is significant for the design of electrostatically actuated MEMS devices. In this work simple closed form models are derived for computation of pull-in voltage of cantilever beams. These models are obtained based on five different capacitance models suitable for wide range of dimensions. Using these models pull-in voltages are computed for a range of dimensions and the results are compared with the experimentally verified 3D finite element analysis results. The results show that, for every given range of dimension, choice of the model changes for the evaluation of the pull-in voltage with a maximum deviation of 2%. Therefore for a given range of dimension appropriate closed form model is to be chosen for accurate computation of pull-in voltage. Computation of pull-in voltage of microgripper further validates the closed form models. The results again show that for a given range of dimension only a particular model evaluates the pull-in voltage with less error.
Thymidylate Synthase Expression and Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Colorectal Cancer Survival Data
Authors: Chen Yao , Yi Cuihua , Liu Lian , Li Bei , Wang Yawei , Wang Xiuwen 
Published: September 2012

Background Although many studies have investigated the prognostic effect of thymidylate synthase (TS) in colorectal cancer, no consensus has been reached. The aim of this meta-analysis was to obtain a more precise estimate of the prognostic significance of TS expression in localized cancers treated by curative resection and adjuvant chemotherapy. Materials and method Seventeen eligible studies reporting survival in 2,893 patients stratified by TS expression were pooled using a fixed- or random-effects model. The main outcome measure was hazard ratio (HR). Results The overall HR for overall survival was 1.01 (95% CI 0.74–1.39, p=0.947), with an I2 of 64.4%. The total HR for disease-free survival was 1.36 (95% CI 0.97–1.89, p=0.072), with an I2 of 75.8%. In the TS protein-tested subgroup, the total HR for disease-free survival was 1.72 (95% CI 1.02–2.89, p=0.042), with an I2 of 81.3%. Conclusion Our meta-analysis showed that, in the adjuvant setting, TS expression does not predict a poorer disease-free survival or a worse overall survival. Therefore, we believe that it is inappropriate to regard TS expression as a prognostic factor for patients with stage II and stage III colorectal cancer treated by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.
Factors Structure of Reasons of Use of Obu-Manuvu Dialect among Indigenous Youth in Marilog District, Davao City, Philippines
Authors: Rica Anna Lou L. , Alburo Daisy M. 
Published: September 2012

The study determined the factors structure reasons of use of Obu-Manuvu dialect among the Indigenous youth in Marilog District, Davao City. A survey questionnaire elicited the responds of respondents. Data were analyzed with the use of descriptive statistical tools such as frequency counts, percentage and weighted mean. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used. Results showed that majority of the respondents are female, ages 16-20 years old and in their high school level. The respondents strongly agree that they are using their dialect for their cultural integrity, pride, utility and survival. In oral form, they always use their dialect with their co-tribe; oftentimes use it in their school; never use it in their church; sometimes use it in their home and seldom use it in their community. They sometimes use it as a form of endearment when they are texting. There are two significant factors that underlie the structure of reasons of using Obo-Manuvu dialect: preservation of cultural integrity and survival of identity. Keywords - Obu-Manuvu dialect, indigenous youth, cultural integrity, Davao City
In Situ Electro‐Mechanical Experiments and Mechanics Modeling of Fracture in Indium Tin Oxide‐Based Multilayer Electrodes
Authors: Peng Cheng , Jia Zheng , Neilson Henry , Li Teng , Lou Jun 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIndium Tin Oxide (ITO) films are widely used as transparent electrodes in electronic displays and solar cells. However, the small fracture strain of brittle ITO films poses significant challenge to their applications in flexible electronics devices that often undergo large deformation. Inspired by recent development of inorganic/organic hybrid permeation barriers for flexible electronics, we design and fabricate ITO‐based multilayer electrodes with enhanced electro‐mechanical durability. In situ electro‐mechanical experiments of five structural designs of ITO‐based multilayer electrodes are performed to investigate the evolution of crack density and the corresponding variance of electrical resistance of such electrodes. A coherent mechanics model is established to determine the driving force for crack propagation in the ITO layer in these electrodes. The mechanics model suggests that a top protective polymeric coating above and an intermediate polymeric layer below the ITO layer can effectively enhance the mechanical durability of the ITO electrodes by reducing the crack driving force up to 10‐folds. The modeling results offer mechanistic understanding of the in situ experimental measurements of the critical fracture strains of the five types of ITO‐based multilayer electrodes. The findings in this work provide quantitative guidance for the material selection and structural optimization of ITO‐based multilayer transparent electrodes of high mechanical durability.
Insertional translocation of 15q25‐q26 into 11p13 and duplication at 8p23.1 characterized by high resolution arrays in a boy with congenital malformations and aniridia
Authors: Simioni Milena , Vieira Társis Paiva , Sgardioli Ilária Cristina , Freitas Érika Lopes , Rosenberg Carla , Maurer‐Morelli Cláudia Vianna , Lopes‐Cendes Iscia , Fett‐Conte Agnes Cristina , Gil‐da‐Silva‐Lopes Vera Lúcia 
Published: September 2012

AbstractWe report on a boy presenting submucous cleft palate, hydronephrosis, ventriculoseptal defect, aniridia, and developmental delay. Additional material on 11p13 was cytogenetically visible and array analyses identified a duplicated segment on 15q25‐26 chromosome region; further, array analyses revealed a small deletion (49 kb) at 11p13 region involving the ELP4 gene and a duplication at 8p23.1. Results were confirmed with both molecular and molecular cytogenetics techniques. Possibilities for etiological basis of clinical phenotype are discussed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The quality‐constrained scheduling problem in plastics compounding
Authors: Younes Abdunnaser , Elkamel Ali , Leung Michelle , Tzoganakis Costas , Lohi Ali 
Published: September 2012

AbstractInterest is increasing in plastic compounding plants that offer tailor‐made resins. Such plants produce a wide range of products in small quantities and with frequent changeovers. The underlying scheduling problem has been extensively researched; however, the concept of incorporating qualities of the finished product in the problem of plastics compounding has not been considered.We express product qualities as an additional problem constraint so that the production schedule ensures product quality. The additional constraint makes this mixed integer nonlinear program (MINLP) problem more difficult to solve. Several case studies are solved to illustrate the utility of the proposed approach.Experiments demonstrated that qualities of the finished product can be ensured a priori if the appropriate relations are developed and integrated in the optimisation model. As well, this paper provides insight into the economic aspects of the scheduling problem under consideration. Experiments showed that none of the cost components (operation, raw material, inventory, penalty or utilities) can alone play the role of the optimisation criterion. © 2012 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Infective Endocarditis in the Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Era: Comprehensive Review of a Rare Complication
Authors: Eisen Alon , Shapira Yaron , Sagie Alex , Kornowski Ran 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIn recent years, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has emerged as a revolutionary alternative for surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) for the treatment of severe symptomatic aortic stenosis in patients at high risk for surgery. Prosthetic aortic valve endocarditis is a serious complication after SAVR with high morbidity and mortality. Although numerous TAVR procedures have been performed worldwide, infective endocarditis (IE) after TAVR was reported in the literature in few cases only and in 0% to 2.3% of patients enrolled in large TAVR cohorts. Our aim was to review the literature for IE following TAVR and to discuss the diagnostic and management strategies of this rare complication. Ten case reports of IE after TAVR were identified, 8 of which were published as case reports and 2 of which were presented in congresses. Infective endocarditis occurred in a mean time period of 186 days (median, 90 days) after TAVR. Most cases were characterized by fever and elevated inflammatory markers. Infective endocarditis after TAVR shared some common characteristics with IE after SAVR, yet it has some unique features. Echocardiographic findings included leaflet vegetations, severe mitral regurgitation with rupture of the anterior leaflet, and left ventricle outflow tract to left atrium fistula. Bacteriologic findings included several atypical bacteria or fungi. Cases of IE were managed either conservatively by antibiotics and/or using surgery, and the overall prognosis was poor. Infective endocarditis after TAVR deserves prompt diagnosis and treatment. Until further evidence is present, IE after TAVR should be managed according to SAVR guidelines with modifications as needed on a case‐by‐case basis.The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Safety of Aspirin Desensitization in Patients With Reported Aspirin Allergy and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: McMullan Kathryn L. , Wedner H. James 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackground:Aspirin (ASA) is the drug of choice in patients with coronary artery disease for primary and secondary prevention. This poses a problem for those patients reporting hypersensitivity to this drug or class of drugs.Hypothesis:Desensitization to ASA may be carried out safely and effectively in patients with reported ASA or nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) hypersensitivity needing ASA for cardiac indications. Our 7‐step protocol is one choice for a rapid desensitization protocol.Methods:A retrospective chart review was conducted evaluating ASA desensitization in patients with reported ASA or NSAID hypersensitivity and a cardiac indication for ASA.Results:In 160 evaluations over 15 years, 89 desensitizations were performed in both the inpatient and outpatient setting with only 16 reactions (18%). Eleven of these 16 patients (68.7%) were able to take daily ASA. Twenty‐six desensitization procedures were performed with our 7‐step rapid desensitization protocol in 10 inpatients and 16 outpatients with 3 reactions (18.75% of reactions). Initial reaction to ASA involving angioedema and reacting to ASA within the past year increased the risk of having a reaction to desensitization.Conclusions:Desensitization may be safely performed in patients with reported ASA or NSAID hypersensitivity and a cardiac indication for ASA. Our 7‐step rapid protocol may be used in both the inpatient and outpatient setting to desensitize these patients. Patients who had angioedema with ASA ingestion or a reaction to ASA within the past year are at higher risk for reaction during the desensitization protocol.The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Silver‐Palladium Nanoalloys Modified Carbon Ionic Liquid Electrode with Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity Towards Formaldehyde Oxidation
Authors: Safavi Afsaneh , Momeni Safieh , Tohidi Maryam 
Published: September 2012

AbstractElectrocatalysis of the oxidation of formaldehyde on silver‐palladium‐modified carbon ionic liquid electrode (AgPd/CILE) was investigated in 0.1 M NaOH. The electrochemical performance of the AgPd/CILE was compared with those of Pd/CILE and Ag/CILE. Ag plays an important role in the catalytic performance of AgPd nanocatalyst and yields an excellent antifouling effect. Amperometric measurements showed that AgPd/CILE is a promising sensor for the detection of formaldehyde in the range of 10.0 µM–70.0 mM with a sensitivity of 240.6 µA mM−1 cm−2 and a detection limit of 2 µM. The method is free from interference of methanol, ethanol and formic acid.
Proteasome Inhibitor Anticancer Drug Bortezomib Redox Behaviour at a Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Golea Diana Andreea , Diculescu Victor C. , Tugulea Laura , Oliveira Brett Ana Maria 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBortezomib is the first therapeutic proteasome inhibitor used for cancer treatment. The redox behaviour of bortezomib was investigated over a wide pH range. Bortezomib undergoes electrochemical oxidation and reduction in independent mechanisms. The oxidation of bortezomib is pH‐dependent for pH<7.5 and occurs with the transfer of one electron and one proton involving the formation of two electroactive oxidation products. The reduction of bortezomib is quasi‐reversible, pH‐dependent, involving the transfer of two electrons and two protons and does not involve the formation of electroactive products. The value of pKa≈7.5 was determined. Mechanisms for oxidation and reduction were proposed.
Quantitative approaches for assessing dose–response relationships in genetic toxicology studies
Authors: Gollapudi B.B. , Johnson G.E. , Hernandez L.G. , Pottenger L.H. , Dearfield K.L. , Jeffrey A.M. , Julien E. , Kim J.H. , Lovell D.P. , MacGregor J.T. , Moore M.M. , van Benthem J. , White P.A. , Zeiger E. , Thybaud V. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractGenetic toxicology studies are required for the safety assessment of chemicals. Data from these studies have historically been interpreted in a qualitative, dichotomous “yes” or “no” manner without analysis of dose–response relationships. This article is based upon the work of an international multi‐sector group that examined how quantitative dose–response relationships for in vitro and in vivo genetic toxicology data might be used to improve human risk assessment. The group examined three quantitative approaches for analyzing dose–response curves and deriving point‐of‐departure (POD) metrics (i.e., the no‐observed‐genotoxic‐effect‐level (NOGEL), the threshold effect level (Td), and the benchmark dose (BMD)), using data for the induction of micronuclei and gene mutations by methyl methanesulfonate or ethyl methanesulfonate in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that the POD descriptors obtained using the different approaches are within the same order of magnitude, with more variability observed for the in vivo assays. The different approaches were found to be complementary as each has advantages and limitations. The results further indicate that the lower confidence limit of a benchmark response rate of 10% (BMDL10) could be considered a satisfactory POD when analyzing genotoxicity data using the BMD approach. The models described permit the identification of POD values that could be combined with mode of action analysis to determine whether exposure(s) below a particular level constitutes a significant human risk. Subsequent analyses will expand the number of substances and endpoints investigated, and continue to evaluate the utility of quantitative approaches for analysis of genetic toxicity dose–response data. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Osteocutaneous radial forearm reconstruction of large partial cricotracheal defects
Authors: Al–Khudari Samer , Sharma Saurabh , Young William , Stapp Robert , Ghanem Tamer A. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundSingle‐stage procedures for reconstruction of large cricotracheal defects have been limited in success and malignant immature teratomas in the larynx of an adult have never been reported.Methods and ResultsThis was a case report and literature review. A 27‐year‐old man presented with 2 weeks of new‐onset stridor and was found to have a mass obstructing 80% of the subglottis and trachea. He underwent a noncircumferential partial cricotracheal resection with a resultant 7‐cm luminal defect, followed by osteocutaneous radial forearm flap semi‐rigid reconstruction. A novel technique was used to allow a functional and patent airway, which may be applied to other partial luminal reconstructive defects. Postoperatively, the patient was decannulated and has good speech quality and swallowing function. This work was performed at the Henry Ford Health System. This project was reviewed and was granted full approval by the Henry Ford Health System Institutional Review Board.ConclusionsThis is the first reported case of malignant immature teratoma to involve the larynx, trachea, and recurrent laryngeal nerve in an adult patient, and the first single‐stage technique described to use free tissue transfer without prefabrication for a 7‐cm airway defect. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Orthotopic VX rabbit tongue cancer model with FDG–PET and histologic characterization
Authors: Stack Brendan C. , Ye John , Bartel Twyla B. , Shafirstein Gal , Chen Chien , Siegel Eric , Singh Bipin , Thacker Samta , Lowe Val J. , Nagarkar Vivek 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundWe present our experience with the use of an immunocompetent medium‐sized animal model of tongue cancer that may be suitable for imaging and surgical studies.MethodsA New Zealand white rabbit model of tongue cancer was created by injecting a VX tumor cell suspension grown in culture into the tongue of our model. The tumor was examined 7 days following implantation by physical examination, photography, and 18fluoro 2‐deoxyglucose–positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET). At 12 days postimplantation, the model was again studied as described above prior to euthanization, and then tongue excision and bilateral neck dissections were performed. All tissue was examined by histology.ResultsWe confirmed a successful orthotopic tongue cancer model that resulted in cervical nodal metastases.ConclusionThis model may be a useful model of orthotopic head and neck cancer for future surgical or imaging research. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Potential therapeutic target and independent prognostic marker of TROP2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wu Hao , Xu Huiming , Zhang Shu , Wang Xudong , Zhu Huijun , Zhang Huilin , Zhu Jin , Huang Jianfei 
Published: September 2012

BackgroundThe human trophoblastic cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) gene is associated with the development of malignancies, but its expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and its relationship with clinical characteristics of the disease remain undetermined.MethodsExpression of TROP2 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry with a self‐made anti‐TROP2 antibody in laryngeal SCC tissue microarrays.ResultsElevated expression of TROP2 was detected in laryngeal SCC tissues compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues. TROP2 expression in laryngeal SCC was related to tumor differentiation (p = .0001) and lymph node metastasis (p = .0352). Cox regression analyses confirmed that TROP2 expression (p = .015), lymph node metastasis (p = .001), degree of differentiation (p = .002), tumor site (p = .021), and T classification (p = .003) were independent prognostic factors.ConclusionsTROP2 can be used as an independent prognostic indicator for laryngeal SCC. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 35: 1373–1378, 2013
Multimodal nonlinear microscopic investigations on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Toward intraoperative imaging
Authors: Meyer Tobias , Guntinas‐Lichius Orlando , von Eggeling Ferdinand , Ernst Günther , Akimov Denis , Schmitt Michael , Dietzek Benjamin , Popp Jürgen 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundPrognosis and appropriate treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) depend on the tumor type routinely derived by invasive histopathology. A promising noninvasive alternative is nonlinear optical imaging, which is capable of in vivo tissue visualization for tumor typing and grading.Methods and ResultsThin tissue sections from 3 patients aged 56 to 60 years presenting advanced carcinoma of the hypopharynx, larynx, and left tonsil were investigated by coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), second‐harmonic generation (SHG), and 2 photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) to study the morphochemistry of the tissues. Morphologic alterations of prognostic significance, such as cell density, nuclear to cytoplasm ratio, and keratinization as well as the underlying compositional changes during malignant transformation were determined, such as the distributions of lipids, collagen, and autofluorophors.ConclusionsNonlinear imaging provides a noninvasive optical biopsy of the epithelial layer comparable to staining microscopy. By integration into an operational microscope, routine screening of suspicious lesions and surgical guidance can be realized. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
The drive to ban the NOEC/LOEC in favor of ECx is misguided and misinformed
Authors: Green John W , Springer Timothy A , Staveley Jane P 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Challenges to the use of the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) in ecotoxicology have appeared over the years, with a recent call for banning its use in favor of the x% effects concentration (ECx). This article presents an opposing view, providing reasons for the continued use of the NOEC, and for hypothesis testing in general. Although the use of ECx values is appropriate in many situations, there are numerous real-world examples where it is not suitable and offers no advantage over the use of hypothesis testing. These examples are presented with recommended data analysis techniques, illustrating the variety of statistical approaches that are meaningful in analyzing ecotoxicity data. Thoughtful consideration of study design and proper analysis and interpretation of the results will go further to advance the science of ecotoxicology than attempting to implement a blanket prohibition or endorsement of any single statistical approach. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2013; 9: 12–16. © 2012 SETAC