bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imaging of CO2 bubble plumes above an erupting submarine volcano, NW Rota‐1, Mariana Arc
Authors: Chadwick William W. , Merle Susan G. , Buck Nathaniel J. , Lavelle J. William , Resing Joseph A. , Ferrini Vicki 
Published: October 2014

AbstractNW Rota‐1 is a submarine volcano in the Mariana volcanic arc located ∼100 km north of Guam. Underwater explosive eruptions driven by magmatic gases were first witnessed there in 2004 and continued until at least 2010. During a March 2010 expedition, visual observations documented continuous but variable eruptive activity at multiple vents at ∼560 m depth. Some vents released CO2 bubbles passively and continuously, while others released CO2 during stronger but intermittent explosive bursts. Plumes of CO2 bubbles in the water column over the volcano were imaged by an EM122 (12 kHz) multibeam sonar system. Throughout the 2010 expedition numerous passes were made over the eruptive vents with the ship to document the temporal variability of the bubble plumes and relate them to the eruptive activity on the seafloor, as recorded by an in situ hydrophone and visual observations. Analysis of the EM122 midwater data set shows: (1) bubble plumes were present on every pass over the summit and they rose 200–400 m above the vents but dissolved before they reached the ocean surface, (2) bubble plume deflection direction and distance correlate well with ocean current direction and velocity determined from the ship's acoustic doppler current profiler, (3) bubble plume heights and volumes were variable over time and correlate with eruptive intensity as measured by the in situ hydrophone. This study shows that midwater multibeam sonar data can be used to characterize the level of eruptive activity and its temporal variability at a shallow submarine volcano with robust CO2 output.
Influence of late Pleistocene glaciations on the hydrogeology of the continental shelf offshore Massachusetts, USA
Authors: Siegel Jacob , Person Mark , Dugan Brandon , Cohen Denis , Lizarralde Daniel , Gable Carl 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMultiple late Pleistocene glaciations that extended onto the continental shelf offshore Massachusetts, USA, may have emplaced as much as 100 km3 of freshwater (salinity <5 ppt) in continental shelf sediments. To estimate the volume and extent of offshore freshwater, we developed a three‐dimensional, variable‐density model that couples fluid flow and heat and solute transport for the continental shelf offshore Massachusetts. The stratigraphy for our model is based on high‐resolution, multichannel seismic data. The model incorporates the last 3 Ma of climate history by prescribing boundary conditions of sea level change and ice sheet extent and thickness. We incorporate new estimates of the maximum extent of a late Pleistocene ice sheet to near the shelf‐slope break. Model results indicate that this late Pleistocene ice sheet was responsible for much of the emplaced freshwater. We predict that the current freshwater distribution may reach depths up to 500 meters below sea level and up to 30 km beyond Martha's Vineyard. The freshwater distribution is strongly dependent on the three‐dimensional stratigraphy and ice sheet history. Our predictions improve our understanding of the distribution of offshore freshwater, a potential nonrenewable resource for coastal communities along recently glaciated margins.
Brittle faults are weak, yet the ductile middle crust is strong: Implications for lithospheric mechanics
Authors: Behr Whitney M. , Platt John P. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA global compilation of shear stress magnitude from mylonites developed along major fault zones suggests that maximum shear stresses between 80 and 120 MPa are reached at temperatures between 300 and 350°C on normal, thrust, and strike‐slip faults. These shear stresses are consistent with estimates of brittle rock strengths based on sliding friction (e.g., Byerlee's law), and with in situ measurements of crustal stress measured in boreholes. This confirms previous suggestions that in some areas at least, the continental crust is stressed close to failure down to the brittle‐ductile transition. Many major active faults in all tectonic regimes are considered to be relatively weak, however; peak static shear stresses for brittle faults estimated by a variety of techniques lie in the range of 1–50 MPa. The sharp contrast between static shear stresses estimated on the seismogenic parts of major faults and those estimated from steady‐state microstructures in ductile rocks immediately below the seismogenic zone suggests that there is an abrupt downward termination, probably controlled by temperature, of the weakening processes that govern fault behavior in the upper crust. These data also imply that seismogenic parts of major fault zones contribute little to lithospheric strength, and are unlikely to have much influence on either the slip rate or the location of the faults. Conversely, ductile middle crust immediately below the brittle‐ductile transition deforms at high stresses, and forms a significant load‐bearing element within the lithosphere.
Global simulations of aerosol amount and size using MODIS observations assimilated with an Ensemble Kalman Filter
Authors: Rubin J. I. , Collins W. D. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA global assimilation that uses an Ensemble Kalman Filter and a set of derived scaling equations is presented for jointly adjusting the amount of atmospheric aerosol and the relative contribution of fine and coarse aerosols. The assimilation uses Department of Energy and National Science Foundation's Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) model and aerosol optical depth (AOD) and Angstrom exponent (AE) retrievals from NASA's Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument. Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) AE retrievals are used to constrain size over land. The presented system includes 60 ensemble members with a daily analysis, incorporating daily‐averaged retrievals. A CAM control simulation and a CAM experiment with data assimilation (CAM‐DA) are run for the year 2007. Control run comparisons to MODIS observations reveal a persistent negative bias in AOD, indicating an underprediction of the amount of atmospheric aerosol (CAM: 0.09 (±0.06), MODIS:0.16 (±0.09)). The negative bias decreased in the assimilation run with a globally averaged AOD of 0.12 (±0.05). CAM‐DA is able to better capture spatial and temporal variations. A comparison of regional time series reveals the greatest reduction in model bias with respect to both aerosol amount and size over the oceans, especially the Southern Ocean. With respect to land regions, good agreement with AERONET AOD is found over the United States, Europe, and East Asia. Additionally, CAM‐DA has clear spatial differences from the control with more aerosol and a larger fine contribution in the Northern Hemisphere. The results also demonstrate the utility in assimilation methodologies for identifying systematic model biases, using the data assimilation correction fields as an indicator.
Altering the viscosity of cationically modified cellulose polymers by the addition of salt
Authors: Donnelly Marc W. , Hailemichael Mahilet , Liberatore Matthew W. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTThe concentration dependence of viscosity is examined for four cationically modified cellulose polymers (UCARE™ JR400, UCARE™ JR30M, UCARE™ LR400, and UCARE™ LR30M) in both salt‐free and 50 mMNaCl solution. Similarities in the four polymer systems include: Newtonian viscosity in the dilute regime, shear thinning at higher concentrations, four concentration regimes in salt‐free solution, and three concentration regimes in salt solution. The zero shear rate viscosity and the degree of shear thinning increase with increasing polymer concentration in both salt and salt‐free solutions. While the addition of salt to the lower molecular weight polymers JR400 and LR400 resulted in small changes in viscosity across all concentrations, JR30M and LR30M exhibited significant decreases (up to 81%) and increases (up to 57%) in viscosity upon the addition of salt in the semidilute and entangled regimes, respectively. This viscosity increase in the entangled regime (when comparing salt‐free and 50 mM NaCl solutions) is reported for the first time in cationically modified cellulose polymers. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2015,132, 41616.
Restoring physiological levels of ascorbate slows tumor growth and moderates HIF‐1 pathway activity in Gulo−/− mice
Authors: Campbell Elizabeth J. , Vissers Margreet C. M. , Bozonet Stephanie , Dyer Arron , Robinson Bridget A , Dachs Gabi U. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractHypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 (HIF‐1) governs cellular adaption to the hypoxic microenvironment and is associated with a proliferative, metastatic, and treatment‐resistant tumor phenotype. HIF‐1 levels and transcriptional activity are regulated by proline and asparagine hydroxylases, which require ascorbate as cofactor. Ascorbate supplementation reduced HIF‐1 activation in vitro, but only limited data are available in relevant animal models. There is no information of the effect of physiological levels of ascorbate on HIF activity and tumor growth, which was measured in this study. C57BL/6 Gulo−/− mice (a model of the human ascorbate dependency condition) were supplemented with 3300 mg/L, 330 mg/L, or 33 mg/L of ascorbate in their drinking water before and during subcutaneous tumor growth of B16‐F10 melanoma or Lewis lung carcinoma (LL/2). Ascorbate levels in tumors increased significantly with elevated ascorbate intake and restoration of wild‐type ascorbate levels led to a reduction in growth of B16‐F10 (log phase P < 0.001) and LL/2 tumors (lag growth P < 0.001, log phase P < 0.05). Levels of HIF‐1α protein in tumors decreased as dietary ascorbate supplementation increased for both tumor models (P < 0.001). Similarly, tumor ascorbate was inversely correlated with levels of the HIF‐1 target proteins CA‐IX, GLUT‐1, and VEGF in both B16‐F10 and LL/2 tumors (P < 0.05). The extent of necrosis was similar between ascorbate groups but varied between models (30% for B16‐F10 and 21% for LL/2), indicating that ascorbate did not affect tumor hypoxia. Our data support the hypothesis that restoration of optimal intracellular ascorbate levels reduces tumor growth via moderation of HIF‐1 pathway activity.
Phormidolides B and C, Cytotoxic Agents from the Sea: Enantioselective Synthesis of the Macrocyclic Core
Authors: Lorente Adriana , Gil Alejandro , Fernández Rogelio , Cuevas Carmen , Albericio Fernando , Álvarez Mercedes 
Published: October 2014

AbstractNew cytotoxic polyketide macrolides named phormidolides B and C were isolated from a marine sponge of the Petrosiidae family collected off the coast of Pemba (Tanzania). The isolation, structure elucidation, and enantioselective synthesis of three diastereomers of the macrocyclic core is described herein. The described synthetic methodology started from 2‐deoxy‐D‐ribose or 2‐deoxy‐L‐ribose and afforded the desired macrocycles with high enantiomeric purity. The key step of the synthesis is the formation of the Z‐trisubstituted double bond using a Julia–Kocienski olefination. The versatility of the synthetic methodology may provide access to other enantiopure macrocycles by making changes in the starting materials or chiral inductors.
Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of Supramolecular Helical Fibres from Amphiphilic C3‐Symmetrical Functional Tris(tetrathiafulvalenes)
Authors: Pop Flavia , Melan Caroline , Danila Ion , Linares Mathieu , Beljonne David , Amabilino David B. , Avarvari Narcis 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe preparation and self‐assembly of the enantiomers of a series of C3‐symmetric compounds incorporating three tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) residues is reported. The chiral citronellyl and dihydrocitronellyl alkyl chains lead to helical one dimensional stacks in solution. Molecular mechanics and dynamics simulations combined with experimental and theoretical circular dichroism support the observed helicity in solution. These stacks self‐assemble to give fibres that have morphologies that depend on the nature of the chiral alkyl group and the medium in which the compounds aggregate. An inversion of macroscopic helical morphology of the citronellyl compound is observed when compared to analogous 2‐methylbutyl chains, which is presumably a result of the stereogenic centre being further away from the core of the molecule. This composition still allows both morphologies to be observed, whereas an achiral compound shows no helicity. The morphology of the fibres also depends on the flexibility at the chain ends of the amphiphilic components, as there is not such an apparently persistent helical morphology for the dihydrocitronellyl derivative as for that prepared from citronellyl chains.
ChemInform Abstract: CuLi2Sn and Cu2LiSn: Characterization by Single Crystal XRD and Structural Discussion Towards New Anode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries.
Authors: Fuertauer Siegfried , Effenberger Herta S. , Flandorfer Hans 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared by induction melting of the pure elements (Ta crucible, 1100 °C, 10—20 s) followed by annealing at 400 °C for 35 d.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses, Characterization and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Sodium—Scandium Carbonate Na5Sc(CO3)4·2H2O.
Authors: Chen Jie , Luo Min , Ye Ning 
Published: October 2014

AbstractNa5Sc(CO3)4·2H2O (I) is prepared under subcritical hydrothermal conditions using stoichiometric amounts of Na2CO3, NaF, and Sc(NO3)3 (autoclave, 22 °C, 5 d, 91% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Properties of Alluaudite‐Like Triple Molybdate Na25Cs8Fe5(MoO4)24.
Authors: Savina Aleksandra A. , Solodovnikov Sergey F. , Belov Dmitry A. , Basovich Olga M. , Solodovnikova Zoya A. , Pokholok Konstantin V. , Stefanovich Sergey Yu. , Lazoryak Bogdan I. , Khaikina Elena G. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe new title molybdate is synthesized by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of Na2MoO4, Cs2MoO4, and Fe2(MoO4)3 (673—743 K, 40—60 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Highly Enantiopure β‐Lactam Derivatives from Biocatalytic Transformations of Amides and Nitriles.
Authors: Ao Yu‐Fei , Leng Dong‐Hui , Wang De‐Xian , Zhao Liang , Wang Mei‐Xiang 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIt is demonstrated that the amidase involved in Rh.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrosilylation of Various Multiple Bonds by a Simple Combined Catalyst of a Tungstate Monomer and Rhodium Acetate.
Authors: Itagaki Shintaro , Sunaba Hanako , Kamata Keigo , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Mizuno Noritaka 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA novel widely usable hydrosilylation system using a combined catalyst of a tungstate monomer and rhodium acetate is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrasound‐Assisted C—C Coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Unique SPION‐A‐Pd(EDTA) as a Robust Nanocatalyst.
Authors: Ghotbinejad Marzieh , Khosropour Ahmad R. , Mohammadpoor‐Baltork Iraj , Moghadam Majid , Tangestaninejad Shahram , Mirkhani Valiollah 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA new palladium‐EDTA‐complex‐tagged dicationic liquid with a 1,3,5‐triazine core anchored to supermagnetic nanoparticles is developed and successfully used as heterogeneous catalyst for Heck and Suzuki coupling reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Amidation of Phenol Derivatives: A Direct Synthesis of Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) from Hydroquinone.
Authors: Joncour Roxan , Duguet Nicolas , Metay Estelle , Ferreira Amadeo , Lemaire Marc 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA direct and catalyst‐free synthesis of paracetamol (V) using ammonium acetate as an amidating agent is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Chloral Hydrate as a Water Carrier for the Efficient Deprotection of Acetals, Dithioacetals, and Tetrahydropyranyl Ethers in Organic Solvents.
Authors: Chandrasekhar Sosale , Shrinidhi Annadka 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA novel method for the selective deprotection of acetals, dithioacetals and Thp‐ethers under mild and neutral conditions is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Catalyst Free Synthesis of Nitrogen Containing Spiro Heterocycles via [5 + 1] Double Michael Addition Reaction.
Authors: Aggarwal Komal , Vij Kanika , Khurana Jitender M. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA facile protocol is developed for the double Michael addition of pentadienones (II) with barbituric acid derivatives to give diazaspiro compounds in good yields and short reaction times.
ChemInform Abstract: Natural Indian Natrolite Zeolite‐Supported Cu Nanoparticles: A New and Reusable Heterogeneous Catalyst for N‐Arylation of Sulfonamides with Boronic Acids in Water under Ligand‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Azarifar Davood , Soleimanei Fatemeh 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA novel method for the synthesis and N‐arylation of sulfonamides under ligand‐free conditions using Natrolite zeolite supported copper nanoparticles as catalyst is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Dimeric Phosphine Ylide Cu(I) Complexes: Application in Suzuki Cross‐Coupling Reactions and Biological Evaluation as Antibacterial Agents.
Authors: Sabounchei Seyyed Javad , Pourshahbaz Mahbubeh , Hashemi Ali , Ahmadi Mohsen , Karamian Roya , Asadbegy Mostafa , Khavasi Hamid Reza 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe shown catalyst gives the best results in the presented Suzuki cross coupling reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of 4‐Substituted 3‐Amino‐2‐cyanothiophenes Involving O‐Ethyl Thioformate.
Authors: Zhang Haiming , Bednarz Mark S. , Lim Ngiap‐Kie , Hernandez Gonzalo , Wu Wenxue 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA one‐pot access to 3‐amino‐2‐cyanothiophenes is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Baeyer—Villiger Rearrangement of a Substituted Pyrrole by Oxone.
Authors: Kao Joseph P. Y. , Muralidharan Sukumaran , Zavalij Peter Y. , Fletcher Steven , Xue Fengtian , Rosen Gerald M. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractTreatment of the highly substituted pyrrole (I) with Oxone in ethanol results in the formation of unexpected dearomatized product (III) via Baeyer—Villiger‐type oxidation and subsequent rearrangement.
ChemInform Abstract: L‐Proline Catalyzed Multicomponent One‐Pot Synthesis of gem‐Diheteroarylmethane Derivatives Using Facile Grinding Operation under Solvent‐Free Conditions at Room Temperature.
Authors: Brahmachari Goutam , Das Suvankar 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe advantages are mild reaction condition, high atom‐economy, good yields, and eco‐friendliness.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclododecanone as a Recyclable Protecting Group for the Synthesis of Highly Functionalized 3‐Amino‐2‐thiohydantoins from Conventional Starting Materials.
Authors: Sathishkumar Munusamy , Ramachandran Gunasekar , Sathiyanarayanan Kulathu Iyer 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe use of cyclododecanone‐protected thiosemicarbazide (I) for the synthesis of highly functionalized 3‐amino‐2‐thiohydantoins (IV) is demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,4‐Addition Reaction of 5H‐Oxazol‐4‐ones to Allenic Esters and Ketones Catalyzed by Chiral Guanidines.
Authors: Jin Nari , Misaki Tomonori , Sugimura Takashi 
Published: October 2014

AbstractTitle reaction of 2‐halophenyl‐substituted 5H‐oxazol‐4‐ones [(I) or (V), resp.] provides adducts [(III) or (VI), resp.] with high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: A One‐Pot Hypoiodite Catalyzed Oxidative Cycloetherification Approach to Benzoxazoles
Authors: Boominathan Siva Senthil Kumar , Hu Wan‐Ping , Senadi Gopal Chandru , Vandavasi Jaya Kishore , Wang Jeh‐Jeng 
Published: October 2014

Abstract24 examples
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Regioselective Aroylation and Acetoxylation of 3,5‐Diarylisoxazole via ortho C—H Functionalizations.
Authors: Banerjee Arghya , Bera Anupam , Santra Sourav Kumar , Guin Srimanta , Patel Bhisma K. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA chelation‐assisted approach to demonstrate the higher directing ability of N over O in 3,5‐dihydroisoxazoles (I) and (VI) in Pd‐catalyzed oxidative ortho‐aryl substitution reactions is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple and Straightforward Protocol to 3,5‐Disubstituted 1,2,4‐Oxadiazoles from Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Ramu Tadikonda , Prasanthi Sarakula , Mangarao Nakka , Basha Gajula Mahaboob , Srinuvasarao Rayavarapu , Siddaiah Vidavalur 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe mGlu5 receptor antagonist (IIIh) and its analogues are readily prepared by a condensation of carboxylic acids (I) with a triazinyl chloride (CDMT) followed by cyclization of intermediate activated esters with amidoximes (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed C3‐Selective Mono‐Arylation of 4‐Hydroxycoumarin.
Authors: Yakushiji Fumika , Haramo Masako , Miyadera Yukari , Uchiyama Chihiro , Takayama Kentaro , Hayashi Yoshio 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA novel catalytic system is developed for the C3 regioselective mono‐arylation of 4‐hydroxycoumarin.
ChemInform Abstract: C2‐Arylation of Substituted Pyridine N‐Oxides with Heteroaryl Carboxylic Acids by Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Coupling.
Authors: Suresh Rajendran , Muthusubramanian Shanmugam , Kumaran Rajendran Senthil , Manickam Govindaswamy 
Published: October 2014

AbstractN‐Methylimidazole‐2‐carboxylic acid and N‐methylpyrrole‐2‐carboxylic acid fail to provide coupling products yielding the corresponding protodecarboxylated compounds instead.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction of Isocyanates with 1,3‐Dienes.
Authors: Morimoto Masao , Nishida Yui , Miura Tomoya , Murakami Masahiro 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe enantiomeric excess of products other than (V) is not determined.
ChemInform Abstract: A Diversity‐Oriented Synthesis of Caroverine Derivatives via TEMPO‐Promoted Aerobic Oxidative C—N Bond Formation.
Authors: Kobayashi Yusuke , Suzuki Yusuke , Ogata Tokutaro , Kimachi Tetsutaro , Takemoto Yoshiji 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of caroverine derivatives is based on a tandem nitrosation/aerobic C‐N bond formation reaction of substrate (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Domino Condensation—Heterocyclization Reactions: Iodine Catalyzed Four Component Synthesis of 1,3‐Thiazine.
Authors: Sathishkumar Munusamy , Sathiyanarayanan Kulathu Iyer 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA facile one‐pot protocol allows the synthesis of 1,3‐thiazines through condensation of β‐naphthol with aromatic aldehydes, followed by thia‐Michael addition, and cyclodehydration.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Addition of P(O)—H Bonds to Alkynes Catalyzed by Transition Metals Immobilized on Polystyrene‐Bound Triphenylphosphine.
Authors: Chen Tieqiao , Zhou Yongbo , Guo Cancheng , Han Li‐Biao 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe immobilized catalyst can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture via simple centrifugal separation and reused several times without severe deactivation.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Syntheses of Leuconoxine, Leuconodine B, and Melodinine E by Oxidative Cyclic Aminal Formation and Diastereoselective Ring‐Closing Metathesis.
Authors: Umehara Atsushi , Ueda Hirofumi , Tokuyama Hidetoshi 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe total syntheses of the monoterpene indole alkaloids leuconoxine (IX), leuconodine B (VIII) and melodinine E (X) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioactive Compounds Derived from Echinoderms
Authors: Gomes Ana R. , Freitas Ana C. , Rocha‐Santos Teresa A. P. , Duarte Armando C. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractReview: structure, distribution, biosynthetic origin, and activity of bioactive compounds derived from echinoderms discovered between 2009—2013; 122 refs.