bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling transiting exoplanet and spots For interferometric study
Authors: Ligi Roxanne , Mourard Denis , Perraut Karine , Bério Philippe , Bigot Lionel , Chiavassa Andrea , Lagrange Anne-Marie , Nardetto Nicolas 
Published: August 2014

AbstractUp to now, many techniques have been developed to detect and observe exoplanets, the radial velocity (RV) method being the most prolific one. However, stellar magnetic spots can mimic an exoplanet transit signal and lead to a false detection. A few models have already been developed to constrain the different signature of exoplanets and spots, but they only concern RV measurements or photometry. An interferometric approach, with high angular resolution capabilities, could resolve this problem.Optical interferometry is a powerful method to measure accurate stellar diameters, and derive fundamental parameters of stars and exoplanets minimum masses. We have built an analytical code able to calculate visibility moduli and closure phases of stars with a transiting exoplanet, to be compared with a star with no exoplanet. From the difference of interferometric signal, we can derive the presence of the exoplanet, but this requires that the star is resolved enough. We have tested this code with current available facilities like VEGA/CHARA and determined which already discovered exoplanets systems can be resolved enough to test this method.To make a more general study, we also tested different parameters (exoplanet and stellar diameters, exoplanet position) that can lead to a variation of the minimum baseline length required to see the exoplanet signal on the visibility modulus and the phase. Stellar spots act in the same way, but the difference of local intensity between an exoplanet transit and a spot can easily be studied thanks to the interferometric measurements.
Magnetic fields of OB stars
Authors: Kholtygin A. F. , Hubrig S. , Drake N. A. , Sudnik N. , Dushin V. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWe studied the statistical properties of the magnetic fields of OB stars based on the recent measurements. As the statistically significant characteristic of the magnetic field we use the rms magnetic field of the star ${\cal B}$. The distribution functions f(${\cal B}$) of magnetic fields of OB stars are evaluated. The function f(${\cal B}$) has a power-law dependence on the ${\cal B}$ with an index of about 2-3 and a fast drop below ${\cal B}$ = 100 − 300 G. We proposed that the compact regions with strong local magnetic fields can contribute to the global magnetic field of O stars.
“Stellar Prominences” on OB starsto explain wind-line variability
Authors: Henrichs H. F. , Sudnik N. P. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractMany O and B stars show unexplained cyclical variability in their winds, i.e. modulation of absorption features on the rotational timescale, but not strictly periodic over longer timescales. For these stars no dipolar magnetic fields have been detected, with upper limits below 300 G. Similar cyclical variability is also found in many optical lines, which are formed at the base of the wind. We propose that these cyclical variations are caused by the presence of multiple, transient, short-lived, corotating magnetic loops, which we call “stellar prominences”. We present a simplified model representing these prominences to explain the cyclical optical wind-line variability in the O supergiant λ Cephei. Other supporting evidence for such prominences comes from the recent discovery of photometric variability in a comparable O star, which was explained by the presence of multiple transient bright spots, presumably of magnetic origin as well.
roAp stars: surface lithium abundance distribution and magnetic field configuration
Authors: Polosukhina N. , Shulyak D. , Shavrina A. , Lyashko D. , Drake N. A. , Glagolevski Yu. , Kudryavtsev D. , Smirnova M. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractHigh-resolution spectra obtained with the 6m BTA telescope, Russia, and with HARPS and VLT/UVES telescopes at ESO, Chile, were used for Doppler Imaging analysis of two roAp stars, HD 12098 and HD 60435, showing strong and variable Li resonance line in their spectra. We found that Li has highly inhomogeneous distribution on the surfaces of these stars. We compared our results with previously obtained Doppler Imaging mapping of two CP2 stars, HD 83368 and HD 3980, and discuss the correlation between the position of the high Li-abundance spots and magnetic field.
Evolution of magnetic activity in intermediate-mass giants
Authors: Gondoin Philippe 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe X-ray surface fluxes of intermediate-mass G and K giants are correlated with their rotation periods and Rossby numbers. Empirical relationships are presented that accounts for the X-ray luminosity evolution of single intermediate-mass giants, such as FK Comae-type stars, and of giants in close or long-period binaries, such as RS CVn-type systems, as they evolve off the main sequence towards the top of the red giant branch.
Magnetic fields in Proto Planetary Nebulae
Authors: Sabin L. , Zhang Q. , Zijlstra A. A. , Patel N. A. , Vázquez R. , Zauderer B. A. , Contreras M. E. , Guillén P. F. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe role of magnetic field in late type stars such as proto-planetary and planetary nebulae (PPNe/PNe), is poorly known from an observational point of view. We present submillimetric observations realized with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) which unveil the dust continuum polarization in the envelopes of two well known PPNe: CRL 618 and OH 231.8+4.2. Assuming the current grain alignment theory, we were then able to trace the geometry of the magnetic field.
Measurements of the magnetic field in WD 1658+441
Authors: Vélez J. Ramírez , Hiriart D. , Valyavin G. , Valdez J. , Quiroz F. , Martínez B. , Plachinda S. , Iñiguez-Garín E. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWe present the preliminary results of the measurements of longitudinal magnetic field of the massive white dwarf 1658+441. This star have an hydrogen pure atmosphere (e.g. Dupuis & Chayer, 2003). We have observed the target in a total of 18 hrs during 3 consecutive nights in June 2010 and one more in May 2011. The data was acquired with a prototypical spectropolarimeter at the San Pedro Martir Telescope in Mexico. We have tested the magnetic field measurements with our instrument using the famous Babcock's star obtaining consistent results with previous studies. For our object of study, the WD 1658+441, we have measured variable intensities of the longitudinal magnetic field of Blong = 720 kG that oscillates with an amplitude of 130 kG.
Search for Stable Magnetohydrodynamic Equilibria in Barotropic Stars.
Authors: Mitchell J. P. , Braithwaite J. , Langer N. , Reisenegger A. , Spruit H. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIt is now believed that magnetohydrodynamic equilibria can exist in stably stratified stars due to the seminal works of Braithwaite & Spruit (2004) and Braithwaite & Nordlund (2006). What is still not known is whether magnetohydrodynamic equilibria can exist in a barotropic star, in which stable stratification is not present. It has been conjectured by Reisenegger (2009) that there will likely not exist any magnetohydrodynamical equilibria in barotropic stars. We aim to test this claim by presenting preliminary MHD simulations of barotropic stars using the three dimensional stagger code of Nordlund & Galsgaard (1995).
Parkin loss of function contributes to RTP801 elevation and neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Romaní-Aumedes J , Canal M , Martín-Flores N , Sun X , Pérez-Fernández V , Wewering S , Fernández-Santiago R , Ezquerra M , Pont-Sunyer C , Lafuente A , Alberch J , Luebbert H , Tolosa E , Levy O A , Greene L A , Malagelada C 
Published: August 2014

AbstractMutations in the PARK2 gene are associated with an autosomal recessive form of juvenile parkinsonism (AR-JP). These mutations affect parkin solubility and impair its E3 ligase activity, leading to a toxic accumulation of proteins within susceptible neurons that results in a slow but progressive neuronal degeneration and cell death. Here, we report that RTP801/REDD1, a pro-apoptotic negative regulator of survival kinases mTOR and Akt, is one of such parkin substrates. We observed that parkin knockdown elevated RTP801 in sympathetic neurons and neuronal PC12 cells, whereas ectopic parkin enhanced RTP801 poly-ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. In parkin knockout mouse brains and in human fibroblasts from AR-JP patients with parkin mutations, RTP801 levels were elevated. Moreover, in human postmortem PD brains with mutated parkin, nigral neurons were highly positive for RTP801. Further consistent with the idea that RTP801 is a substrate for parkin, the two endogenous proteins interacted in reciprocal co-immunoprecipitates of cell lysates. A potential physiological role for parkin-mediated RTP801 degradation is indicated by observations that parkin protects neuronal cells from death caused by RTP801 overexpression by mediating its degradation, whereas parkin knockdown exacerbates such death. Similarly, parkin knockdown enhanced RTP801 induction in neuronal cells exposed to the Parkinson’s disease mimetic 6-hydroxydopamine and increased sensitivity to this toxin. This response to parkin loss of function appeared to be mediated by RTP801 as it was abolished by RTP801 knockdown. Taken together these results indicate that RTP801 is a novel parkin substrate that may contribute to neurodegeneration caused by loss of parkin expression or activity.
Multidecadal Evidence of Recovery of Nearshore Red Drum Stocks off West-Central Florida and Connectivity with Inshore Nurseries
Authors: Winner Brent L. , Flaherty-Walia Kerry E. , Switzer Theodore S. , Vecchio Julie L. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The importance of defining and quantifying ontogenetic movements and connectivity between juvenile and adult fish populations, especially for exploited species, has been well documented. Furthermore, the persistence of strong year-classes can be used to track the success of regulations that contribute to the increased survival and escapement of fish into the adult population. Size and age structures of Red Drum Sciaenops ocellatus were documented within the Tampa Bay estuary, in southwest Florida, using haul seines and trammel nets (1989–2008), and in nearshore Gulf of Mexico waters using a commercial purse seine (2005–2008). In the estuary, juvenile Red Drum (&lt;100-mm TL) were collected from low-salinity backwater areas, and peaks in the annual relative abundance were apparent. In the estuary, Red Drum older than age 4 (&gt;800-mm TL) were rare. Red Drum from nearshore gulf waters ranged from 2 to 35 years of age (674–1,074-mm TL), but most were greater than age 4. After back-calculating ages from Red Drum collected in the estuary and in nearshore gulf waters, we found that specific year-classes of Red Drum, driven by strong juvenile recruitment, were disproportionately represented in the adult spawning stock. We evaluated the long-term effectiveness of fishing regulations as a tool for rebuilding local adult Red Drum stocks by comparing data on size and age structures with results from earlier research conducted in the same geographic area. Adult Red Drum in nearshore waters off Tampa Bay were significantly longer, heavier, and older than were individuals collected a decade earlier, suggesting rebuilding of local Red Drum stocks. These observations validate the utility of long-term, multigear monitoring efforts to track populations from the estuary to nearshore coastal waters.
Received June 27, 2013; accepted April 1, 2014
Physiological Stress Responses to Prolonged Exposure to MS-222 and Surgical Implantation in Juvenile Chinook Salmon
Authors: Wagner Katie A. , Woodley Christa M. , Seaburg Adam G. , Skalski John R. , Eppard M. Brad 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
This study simulated large-scale monitoring program operations to evaluate the responses of age-1 Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha to tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222; 80 mg/L) exposure and intracoelomic acoustic microtransmitter implantation. The MS-222 exposure effects and appropriate exposure times for juvenile Chinook Salmon undergoing intracoelomic implantation were determined using blood analytes (Na+, K+, Ca2+), blood pH, plasma cortisol, and survival immediately following anesthetic exposure (3, 6, 9, and 12 min on day 0) and over a recovery period (days 1, 7, and 14). In addition, effects were examined in surgically implanted and nonimplanted fish (but exposed to MS-222 for 3 min) over a 14-d recovery period. Regardless of anesthetic exposure time, there were no mortalities during exposure on day 0 or over the recovery period. On day 0, MS-222 exposure treatments of 9 and 12 min resulted in significantly higher Na+ and Ca2+ and lower K+, indicating a reduced ability to maintain osmotic balance; however, MS-222 effectively dampened the cortisol release following surgical implantation and anesthetic exposure. Cortisol concentration was significantly higher in surgically implanted fish than in those not surgically implanted over the recovery period. Given these results, we recommend MS-222 exposure (80 mg/L) times of 6 min or less for compliance programs and studies involving age-1 Chinook Salmon. In addition, we recommend for other monitoring programs, regardless of species, that maximum MS-222 exposure times are implemented to minimize stress and surgical effect and that exposure times are specific to a species’ life stage to prevent overexposure and long-term effects. Furthermore, the knowledge of effects and the development of maximum exposure times are beneficial for hatchery programs, fish barging or transportation programs, and most studies in which fish behavior and physiological responses would need to be dampened using MS-222 without adverse side effects.
Received January 22, 2014; accepted May 15, 2014
Drug/Cell-line Browser: interactive canvas visualization of cancer drug/cell-line viability assay datasets
Authors: Duan Qiaonan , Wang Zichen , Fernandez Nicolas F. , Rouillard Andrew D. , Tan Christopher M. , Benes Cyril H. , Ma’ayan Avi 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Summary: Recently, several high profile studies collected cell viability data from panels of cancer cell lines treated with many drugs applied at different concentrations. Such drug sensitivity data for cancer cell lines provide suggestive treatments for different types and subtypes of cancer. Visualization of these datasets can reveal patterns that may not be obvious by examining the data without such efforts. Here we introduce Drug/Cell-line Browser (DCB), an online interactive HTML5 data visualization tool for interacting with three of the recently published datasets of cancer cell lines/drug-viability studies. DCB uses clustering and canvas visualization of the drugs and the cell lines, as well as a bar graph that summarizes drug effectiveness for the tissue of origin or the cancer subtypes for single or multiple drugs. DCB can help in understanding drug response patterns and prioritizing drug/cancer cell line interactions by tissue of origin or cancer subtype.
Availability and implementation: DCB is an open source Web-based tool that is freely available at: http://www.maayanlab.net/LINCS/DCB
Contact: avi.maayan@mssm.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Double-strand break repair deficiency in NONO knockout murine embryonic fibroblasts and compensation by spontaneous upregulation of the PSPC1 paralog
Authors: Li Shuyi , Li Zhentian , Shu Feng-Jue , Xiong Hairong , Phillips Andrew C. , Dynan William S. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
NONO, SFPQ and PSPC1 make up a family of proteins with diverse roles in transcription, RNA processing and DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. To understand long-term effects of loss of NONO, we characterized murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from knockout mice. In the absence of genotoxic stress, wild-type and mutant MEFs showed similar growth rates and cell cycle distributions, and the mutants were only mildly radiosensitive. Further investigation showed that NONO deficiency led to upregulation of PSPC1, which replaced NONO in a stable complex with SFPQ. Knockdown of PSPC1 in a NONO-deficient background led to severe radiosensitivity and delayed resolution of DSB repair foci. The DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) inhibitor, NU7741, sensitized wild-type and singly deficient MEFs, but had no additional effect on doubly deficient cells, suggesting that NONO/PSPC1 and DNA-PK function in the same pathway. We tested whether NONO and PSPC1 might also affect repair indirectly by influencing mRNA levels for other DSB repair genes. Of 12 genes tested, none were downregulated, and several were upregulated. Thus, NONO or related proteins are critical for DSB repair, NONO and PSPC1 are functional homologs with partially interchangeable functions and a compensatory response involving PSPC1 blunts the effect of NONO deficiency.
OPRM1 A118G Gene Variant and Postoperative Opioid Requirement
Authors: Hwang In Cheol , Park Ji-Young , Myung Seung-Kwon , Ahn Hong Yup , Fukuda Ken-ichi , Liao Qin 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Background:
Although a number of studies have investigated the association of the OPRM1 A118G polymorphism with pain response, a consensus has not yet been reached.

Methods:
The authors searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library to identify gene-association studies that explored the impact of the OPRM1 A118G polymorphism on postoperative opioid requirements through July 2013. Two evaluators independently reviewed and selected articles on the basis of prespecified selection criteria. The authors primarily investigated the standardized mean difference (SMD) of required amounts of opioids between AA homozygotes and G-allele carriers. The authors also performed subgroup analyses for race, opioid use, and type of surgery. Potential bias was assessed using the Egger’s test with a trim and fill procedure.

Results:
Three hundred forty-six articles were retrieved from databases, and 18 studies involving 4,607 participants were included in the final analyses. In a random-effect meta-analysis, G-allele carriers required a higher mean opioid dose than AA homozygotes (SMD, −0.18; P = 0.003). Although there was no evidence of publication bias, heterogeneity was present among studies (I

2
= 66.8%). In the subgroup meta-analyses, significance remained robust in Asian patients (SMD, −0.21; P = 0.001), morphine users (SMD, −0.29; P <0.001), and patients who received surgery for a viscus (SMD, −0.20; P = 0.008).

Conclusions:
The OPRM1 A118G polymorphism was associated with interindividual variability in postoperative response to opioids. In a subpopulation, identifying OPRM1 A118G polymorphism may provide valuable information regarding the individual analgesic doses that are required to achieve satisfactory pain control.
The evolution of cooperation under local regulation and non-additive gene action: building on Hamilton’s ideas
Authors: Schonmann Roberto H. , Boyd Robert , Vicente Renato 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWe study evolution of cooperation in a population structured in a large number of groups of variable size, connected by random migration at ratem. Social interactions, including cooperation and competition occur only inside the groups. Assuming that groups are large, we define a parameterλthat measures the strength of the local regulation, i.e., the rigidity of group sizes. Individuals are of two possible genotypes, one typically assumed to produce a non-cooperative phenotype and the other a phenotype that is cooperative with all members of its own group. Gene action may be additive, producing fitness functions that are linear in the number of cooperators in a group, or not. Assuming weak selection, we obtain the following two contrasting conclusions. (1) “Hamilton regime”: Ifλ << m, then cooperative behavior can spread under a certain condition, which in the additive, i.e., linear, case is precisely Hamilton’s rule. The general version of this condition is also relatively easy to apply and is based on Wright’s classical beta distribution for the frequency of alleles in infinite island models. We call it the “beta version of Hamilton’s rule”. (2) “Taylor regime”: Ifm << λ, then cooperation that is costly to the actor is eliminated by selection.
Insights into organohalide respiration and the versatile catabolism of Sulfurospirillum multivorans gained from comparative genomics and physiological studies
Authors: Goris Tobias , Schubert Torsten , Gadkari Jennifer , Wubet Tesfaye , Tarkka Mika , Buscot Francois , Adrian Lorenz , Diekert Gabriele 
Published: August 2014

SummarySulfurospirillum multivorans, a free‐living ε‐proteobacterium, is among the best studied organisms capable of organohalide respiration. It is able to use several halogenated ethenes as terminal electron acceptor. In this report, the complete genome sequence of S. multivorans including a comparison with genome sequences of two related non‐dehalogenating species, Sulfurospirillum deleyianum and Sulfurospirillum barnesii, is described. The 3.2 Mbp genome of S. multivorans revealed a ∼ 50 kbp gene region encoding proteins required for organohalide respiration and corrinoid cofactor biosynthesis. This region includes genes for components not detected before in organohalide‐respiring organisms. A transcript analysis of genes coding for some of these proteins indicates the involvement of a putative quinol dehydrogenase in organohalide respiration. The presence of genes encoding a variety of oxidoreductases reflects the organism's metabolic versatility. This was confirmed by growth studies with different electron acceptors including perchlorate and several sulfur‐containing compounds. A comparison with other ε‐proteobacteria indicates horizontal acquisition of many genes in the S. multivorans genome, which might be the basis of the bacterium's catabolic flexibility.
Population demography of frillneck lizards (Chlamydosaurus kingii, Gray 1825) in the wet‐dry tropics of Australia
Authors: Ujvari Beata , Fisher Peter , Rydell Jens , Wahlgren Richard , Wright Belinda , Madsen Thomas 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWe explore the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the population demography of frillneck lizards (Chlamydosaurus kingii) in the Australian wet‐dry tropics. Annual growth rates of males were significantly higher across all body sizes compared to females, resulting in a significant larger maximum body size in males. Both male and female lizards were highly philopatric and 81% of the among‐year recapture distances were less than 200 m. Juvenile and adult frillnecks were subjected to low but highly variable annual survival rates. Both proportion of juveniles and relative proportion of reproductive females showed extensive among‐year variations. No relationship was, however, observed between proportion of gravid females and that of juveniles captured during the subsequent year. High rainfall in January was negatively correlated with recruitment most likely caused by increased egg/embryo mortality due to flooding of nest sites. We therefore suggest that the lack of association between female reproduction and juvenile recruitment was due to the effects of stochastic variation in January rainfall. Lizard numbers increased during the first five years of the study followed by a decline during the subsequent four years. Our analyses show that annual variation in survival constituted the main determinant in driving the annual change in frillneck numbers. Surprisingly, no relationship was observed between fillneck population dynamics and annual variation in juvenile recruitment. We suggest that the 7‐years over which these analyses were conducted were insufficient to detect any significant effects of recruitment on lizard numbers, demonstrating the need for long‐term studies to accurately document vertebrate population demographic processes in areas experiencing stochastic variations rainfall such as the Australian wet‐dry tropics.