bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A general element for shell analysis based on the scaled boundary finite element method
Authors: Lin Gao , Ye Wenbin , Li Zhiyuan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA novel technique, the scaling surface‐based Scaled Boundary Finite Element Method (SBFEM), is introduced as a method for formulating a general element for shell analysis. This displacement‐based element includes three translational degrees of freedom (DOFs) per node. Notably, only two‐dimensional discretization for one of the two parallel shell surfaces, referred to as the scaling surface, is necessary. The interpolation scheme for the scaling surface is postulated to be applicable to all surfaces parallel to it in the thickness. The derivation strictly adheres to the 3D theory of elasticity, without making additional kinematic assumptions. As a result, the displacement field along the thickness is analytically solved, and the element formulation is immune to transverse locking, membrane locking, and other issues, eliminating the need for additional remedies. Extensive investigations into the robustness and accuracy of the elements have been conducted using well‐known benchmark problems, along with additional challenging problems. Numerical examples confirm that the element formulation is free from transverse shear locking and membrane locking. Moreover, the proposed formulation is easily extendable to cases involving shell elements with varying thickness and holds the potential for extension to the nonlinear response analysis of shell structures.
Liver‐specific DICER1 syndrome model mice develop cystic liver tumors with defective primary cilia
Authors: Oikawa Keiki , Ohno Shin‐ichiro , Ono Kana , Hirao Kaito , Murakami Ayano , Harada Yuichirou , Kumagai Katsuyoshi , Sudo Katsuko , Takanashi Masakatsu , Ishikawa Akio , Mineo Shouichirou , Fujita Koji , Umezu Tomohiro , Watanabe Noriko , Murakami Yoshiki , Ogawa Shinichiro , Schultz Kris Ann , Kuroda Masahiko 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDICER1 syndrome is a tumor predisposition syndrome caused by familial genetic mutations in DICER1. Pathogenic variants of DICER1 have been discovered in many rare cancers, including cystic liver tumors. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying liver lesions induced by these variants remain unclear. In the present study, we sought to gain a better understanding of the pathogenesis of these variants by generating a mouse model of liver‐specific DICER1 syndrome. The mouse model developed bile duct hyperplasia with fibrosis, similar to congenital hepatic fibrosis, as well as cystic liver tumors resembling those in Caroli's syndrome, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Interestingly, the mouse model of DICER1 syndrome showed abnormal formation of primary cilia in the bile duct epithelium, which is a known cause of bile duct hyperplasia and cyst formation. These results indicated that DICER1 mutations contribute to cystic liver tumors by inducing defective primary cilia. The mouse model generated in this study will be useful for elucidating the potential mechanisms of tumorigenesis induced by DICER1 variants and for obtaining a comprehensive understanding of DICER1 syndrome. © 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Acute fetal leukemia: When should it be suspected? What assessment should be performed? A case series and review of literature
Authors: Forey Pierre‐Louis , Favier Maud , Beneteau Claire , Berenguer Sophie , Da Costa Lydie , Guigue Virginie , Loget Philippe , Torrents Julia , Samaison Laura , Riethmuller Didier , Collardeau‐Frachon Sophie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionAcute fetal leukemia is rare and characterized by a very poor prognosis. The aims of this study were to identify cases of acute fetal leukemia and to describe ultrasound and fetopathological findings that should lead to a suspicion of this diagnosis, as well as the investigations required to confirm it.MethodsA national retrospective study was conducted. Clinical data, prenatal ultrasounds and postmortem findings of fetal acute leukemia cases were collected and analyzed.ResultsWe collected seven cases: four in utero fetal deaths, two neonatal deaths and one termination of pregnancy. Prenatal ultrasounds showed fetal hydrops (42.9%) associated with hepatosplenomegaly (100%). In addition, post‐mortem examination (n = 6) suggested a Down syndrome in one case and showed other organomegaly (83.3%) due to blastic infiltration, mainly in the liver, along with extrahepatic multivisceral hematopoiesis. Immunostainings allowed to specify the type of leukemia (71.4%). In one case, diagnosis was made on blood smear and flow cytometry was performed on fresh blood samples. All cases corresponded to acute myeloid leukemia. Karyotype was abnormal in 4 cases (66.7%), including one free trisomy 21, two mosaic trisomy 21 and one chromosome 15 deletion. GATA1 gene mutations were identified in two cases: one mosaic trisomy 21 and one with normal karyotype.ConclusionAny hepatosplenomegaly associated with fetal hydrops and a negative immune, infectious, and metabolic work‐up, should suggest acute fetal leukemia and prompt additional investigations.
Polymer‐based supporting materials and polymer‐encapsulated phase change materials for thermal energy storage: A review on the recent advances of materials, synthesis, and characterization techniques
Authors: Nagar Sumit , Sreenivasa Swamy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPhase change materials (PCMs) can be classified as smart materials having its applications in varied fields like domestic and commercial refrigerators, solar absorption chillers, air conditioning, free and radiative cooling, solar air heaters, solar stills, solar absorption cooling, electric and electronic devices for cooling purposes and in textiles. Here, in this review, the various polymer‐based and encapsulated PCMs used for fulfilling the above applications are discussed along with their varied synthesis/fabrication methods. Furthermore, chemical characterization is discussed by FTIR for understanding the chemical structure along with functional groups present in the materials. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is also critically discussed for understanding the thermal stability of the Polymer PCM or the phase change composites and the latent heat of PCM melting was also explored by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for various PCM which gives insight into the thermal energy storage capability and property. The inbuilt surface structure of the polymer PCM was also tried to be investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which when understood gives a clear picture about the structure–property relationship.Highlights
Polymeric supporting materials and polymer encapsulation on PCM were reviewed.
The materials used and the synthesis of polymeric PCM were studied in depth.
Chemical characterization was reviewed for chemical structure.
Thermal stability checks by TGA and latent heat prediction was done by DSC.
Morphology was reviewed using SEM for the structure–property relationship.
Synthesis, electro‐optic properties, and performance of novel fluorinated polyurethaneimide
Authors: Wang Long‐De , Tong Ling , Wu Jian‐Wei , Rong Jie‐Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUrethane imide anhydride oligomers with terminal groups as anhydride groups were designed and synthesized using second‐order nonlinear optical chromophore molecule, bisphenol AF‐type diethylidene dianhydride, and toluene diisocyanate as monomers. Polyurethaneimide (PUI) second‐order nonlinear optical polymers with the structure of imide and amino ester chain segments were then synthesized by the polycondensation reaction between urethane imide anhydride oligomers and aromatic diamine monomers. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of PUI reached 186°C, and the 5% heat‐loss decomposition temperature was 320°C. The corona‐polarized PUI had an electro‐optic (EO) coefficient (γ33) of 82 pm/V tested by the reflection method. The loss of light transmission of the polymer waveguide prepared with PUI as electro‐optical material was 1.13 dB/cm at 1550 nm. Mach–Zehnder type polymer waveguide electro‐optical modulators have been prepared based on the properties of the electro‐optic material PUI. The fabricated polymer EO modulators had favorable electro‐optic modulation response performance for low‐frequency electrical signals. The good modulation characteristics of the manufactured electro‐optical modulators proved that the synthesized PUI was a waveguide polymer material with good comprehensive performance.Highlights
Electro‐optic fluorinated polyurethaneimide was synthesized.
Polyurethaneimide as core material, polymer waveguide EO modulators were fabricated.
The prepared modulators had good electro‐optic modulation performance.
To Dilute or Not to Dilute: Nominal Titer Dosing for Genetic Medicines
Authors: Faya Paul , Zhang Tianhui 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTRecombinant adeno‐associated virus (AAV) has become a popular platform for many gene therapy applications. The strength of AAV‐based products is a critical quality attribute that affects the efficacy of the drug and is measured as the concentration of vector genomes, or physical titer. Because the dosing of patients is based on the titer measurement, it is critical for manufacturers to ensure that the measured titer of the drug product is close to the actual concentration of the batch. Historically, dosing calculations have been performed using the measured titer, which is reported on the drug product label. However, due to recent regulatory guidance, sponsors are now expected to label the drug product with nominal or “target” titer. This new expectation for gene therapy products can pose a challenge in the presence of process and analytical variability. In particular, the manufacturer must decide if a dilution of the drug substance is warranted at the drug product stage to bring the strength in line with the nominal value. In this paper, we present two straightforward statistical methods to aid the manufacturer in the dilution decision. These approaches use the understanding of process and analytical variability to compute probabilities of achieving the desired drug product titer. We also provide an approach for determining an optimal assay replication strategy for achieving the desired probability of meeting drug product release specifications.
Highly Efficient Gallium‐Promoted Cu/SiO2 Catalyst for the Hydrogenation of Methyl 3‐Hydroxypropionate to 1,3‐Propanediol
Authors: Zhang Chuanming , Li Changxin , Kang Jincan , Lin Lina , Li Weijie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe conversion of Methyl 3‐hydroxypropionate (3‐HPM) to 1,3‐propanediol (1, 3‐PDO) is an important step in the pathway towards the longterm sustainable production of the ethylene oxide hydroesterification. However, 3‐HPM is prone to side reactions like hydroxyl β‐dehydration and low reaction efficiency, which hinders its development. This study presents the first‐ever report on highly efficient gallium‐promoted Cu/SiO2 catalysts prepared using ethanol‐assisted ammonia‐evaporation (Et‐AE) for converting 3‐HPM to 1,3‐PDO. The prepared Cu‐1Ga/SiO2 catalyst exhibited satisfactory catalytic activity and 1,3‐PDO selectivity in the hydrogenation reaction, with a conversion of 3‐HPM of 94 % and a selectivity to 1,3‐PDO of 91 %. The characterisation results show that the addition of Ga increases the specific surface area and the pore volume of the catalyst, and also increases the dispersion of the Cu species. And the promotional effect likely originates from interactions between Ga3+ and Cu0 species though enhanced ability of the latter to activate H2. In addition, the introduction of Ga into the catalyst increases the interaction between Cu and the support, making it more difficult for Cu+ to be completely reduced to Cu0. This increases the content of Cu+ in the catalyst, which is beneficial for improving the activity and stability of the catalyst. This study investigates modifying Cu catalysts to provide guidelines for obtaining high performing hydrogenation catalysts.
Design, Synthesis, and Investigation of Anticancer and Antioxidant Potential of Novel Indole‐Based Melatonin Analogues in Breast Cancer
Authors: Ince‐Erguc Elif , Durgun Kubra , Akdemir Atilla , Suzen Sibel , Gurer‐Orhan Hande 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMelatonin (N‐acetyl‐5‐methoxytryptamine, MLT) is suggested as a preventive agent and potential therapeutic option for breast cancer via its antioxidant as well as anticancer effects by modulating estrogen dependent and independent pathways. However, its rapid metabolic inactivation led scientists to discover novel MLT analogues. Therefore, a series of new indole‐based hydrazide/hydrazone derivatives were synthesized and characterized as MLT analogues in the present study. The initial aim is to investigate the cytotoxicity of novel 1‐ethyl indole hydrazone derivatives against two human breast cancer cells (MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231) as well as a non‐tumorigenic human breast epithelial cell (MCF‐10A). Selective cytotoxic compounds for cancer cells are further investigated for their effects on selected targets; agonist/antagonist activity on estrogen receptor (ER) and inhibitory effects on aromatase and CYP1B1. Their potential antioxidant activity was also investigated by both cell based and cell free in vitro assays. Possible binding of the compounds to the selected targets is also explored by molecular modelling studies. Nonsubstituted compound E1 inhibited human aromatase and the CYP1B1 enzyme with IC50 values of 0.89 μM and 0.5 μM, respectively. Compounds EI 4 and EI 11 exhibited ER antagonist activity with IC50 values of 2.88 μM and 5.29 μM, respectively. Additionally, both EI 4 and EI 11 inhibited CYP1B1 enzyme within 60–100 nanomolar range. In conclusion among 19 tested derivatives EI 1, EI 4 and EI 11 affected either one or more targets besides their selective cytotoxic effect for MCF‐7 cells suggesting that they can be promising candidates in prevention/treatment of ER‐positive breast cancer. Further studies are needed to elucidate their metabolism, in vivo effects, and safety.
Large‐Scale Engineerable Films Tailored with Cellulose Nanofibrils for Lighting Management and Thermal Insulation
Authors: Chen Shaohuang , Xu Dan , Yin Huiting , Huang Renliang , Qi Wei , Su Rongxin , Zhang Kai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFibrillated cellulose‐based nanocomposites can improve energy efficiency of building envelopes, especially windows, but efficiently engineering them with a flexible ability of lighting and thermal management remains highly challenging. Herein, a scalable interfacial engineering strategy is developed to fabricate haze‐tunable thermal barrier films tailored with phosphorylated cellulose nanofibrils (PCNFs). Clear films with an extremely low haze of 1.6% (glass‐scale) are obtained by heat‐assisted surface void packing without hydrophobization of nanocellulose. PCNF gel cakes serve here as templates for surface roughening, thereby resulting in a high haze (73.8%), and the roughened films can block heat transfer by increasing solar reflection in addition to a reduced thermal conduction. Additionally, obtained films can tune distribution of light from visible to near‐infrared spectral range, enabling uniform colored lighting and inhibiting localized heating. Furthermore, an integrated simulation of lighting and cooling energy consumption in the case of office buildings shows that the film can reduce the total energy use by 19.2–38.1% under reduced lighting levels. Such a scalable and versatile engineering strategy provides an opportunity to endow nanocellulose‐reinforced materials with tunable optical and thermal functionalities, moving their practical applications in green buildings forward.
Collagen‐Electrohydrodynamic Hierarchical Lithography for Biomimetic Photonic Micro‐Nanomaterials
Authors: McCarthy Emma , Thomas Jarrod , Oppenheimer Roni , Rickard Jonathan J. S. , Goldberg Pola 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBiologically engineered nanomaterials give rise to unique and intriguing properties, which are not available in nature. The full‐realization of such has been hindered by the lack of robust and straightforward techniques to produce the required architectures. Here a new bottomup bionano‐engineering route is developed to construct nanomaterials using a guided assembly of collagen building blocks, establishing a lithographic process for three‐dimensional collagen‐based hierarchical micronano‐architectures. By introducing optimized hybrid electro‐hydrodynamic micronano‐lithography exploiting collagen molecules as biological building blocks to self‐assemble into a complex variety of structures, quasi‐ordered mimics of metamaterials‐like are constructed. The tailor‐designed engineered apparatus generates the underlying substrates with vertical orientation of collagen at controlled speeds. Templating these hierarchical structures into inorganic materials allows the replication of their network into periodic metal micronano‐assemblies. These generate substrates with interesting optical properties, suggesting that size‐and‐orientation dependent nanofilaments with varying degree of lateral order yield distinctly coloured structures with characteristic optical spectra correlated with observed colours, which varying diameters and interspacing, are attributable to coherent scattering by different periodicity of each fibrous micronano‐structure. The artificial mimics display similar optical characteristics to the natural butterfly wing's structure, known to exhibit extraordinary electromagnetic properties, driving future applications in cloaking, super‐lenses, photovoltaics and photodetectors.
Elucidating High Initial Coulombic Efficiency, Pseudocapacitive Kinetics and Charge Storage Mechanism of Antiperovskite Carbide Ni3ZnC0.7@rGO Anode for Fast Sodium Storage in Ether Electrolyte
Authors: Fang Qi , Ding Rui , Yan Miao , Li Yi , Guo Jian , Xie Jinmei , Zhang Yuzhen , Yan Ziyang , He Yuming , Chen Zhiqiang , Sun Xiujuan , Liu Enhui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo explore novel electrode materials with in‐depth elucidation of initial coulombic efficiency (ICE), kinetics, and charge storage mechanisms is of great challenge for Na‐ion storage. Herein, a novel 3D antiperovskite carbide Ni3ZnC0.7@rGO anode coupled with ether‐based electrolyte is reported for fast Na‐ion storage, exhibiting superior performance than ester‐based electrolyte. Electrochemical tests and density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that Ni3ZnC0.7@rGO anode with ether‐based electrolyte can promote charge/ion transport and lower Na+ diffusion energy barrier, thereby improving ICE, reversible capacity, rate, and cycling performance. Cross‐sectional‐morphology and depth profiling surface chemistry demonstrate that not only a thinner and more homogeneous reaction interface layer with less side effects but also a superior solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film with a high proportion of inorganic components are formed in the ether‐based electrolyte, which accelerates Na+ transport and is the significant reason for the improvement of ICE and other electrochemical properties. Meanwhile, electrochemical and ex situ measurements have revealed conversion, alloying, and co‐intercalation hybrid mechanisms of the Ni3ZnC0.7@rGO anode based on ether electrolyte. Interestingly, the Na‐ion capacitors (SICs) designed by pairing with activated carbon (AC) cathode exhibit favorable electrochemical performance. Overall, this work provides deep insights on developing advanced materials for fast Na‐ion storage.
“I kept telling myself I have to learn; it is good for me and my children”: Motherhood, motivation and learning English amongst a group of Pakistani British women
Authors: Rasool Zanib , Hackett Abigail 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article uses an Islamic lens to explore the question, What are the identities, aspirations, and motivations for Pakistani and Muslim women learning English? As Muslim women, the research participants had a strong allegiance to motherhood, with children being a motivating factor in learning English. This study explores how motherhood identities and the Islamic faith intersect in powerful ways for Pakistani British women learning English in the United Kingdom. The way that motherhood identity is conceptualised through the Islamic faith for these learners can be invisible to educational institutions and policymakers. The article offers an alternative narrative by directly engaging with women's lived experiences as language learners, as Muslim women and as mothers, thus contributing knowledge from the perspective of the learners, whose voices are often not heard in TESOL debates.
Enhanced Disinfection Efficiency Using Cu Vortex Diode for Providing Safe Drinking Water: Devising Newer Methodologies
Authors: Dixit Divya , Balapure Kshama , Bhandari Vinay M. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe present research aims to refine the hydrodynamic cavitation technique with traditional knowledgebase of Ayurveda for more efficient water disinfection and that has huge potential for implementation in real life, especially for substituting the existing chlorination method for drinking water treatment. The study incorporates use of newer copper reactor configuration, employing vortex flow for generating cavitation for the disinfection of water. Elimination of model contaminant, Escherichia coli, with initial concentration of ∼105 CFU/mL of bacteria was used for the disinfection study. Copper vortex diode with a capacity of 1 m3/h was employed as a cavitating device. The cavitation using copper vortex diode gave significantly higher disinfection, over 30%, compared that with conventional vortex diode, with aluminum as material of construction, under similar conditions. Remarkably, the addition of 0.1% betel leaf oil led to an extraordinary 260‐fold increase in the rate of disinfection, requiring only a single pass to achieve complete bacteria elimination. Furthermore, a notably high synergistic index of 246.96 was achieved for the process intensification approach using the Cu vortex diode. The cost was substantially reduced by approximately three times to 0.011 $/m3 using the Cu vortex diode compared to the conventional vortex diode. The developed strategy offers significantly enhanced performance, as well as a techno‐economical and sustainable solution for drinking water treatment to ensure the provision of safe drinking water. Moreover, the newer methodology can have the advantage of producing no harmful carcinogenic disinfection by‐products compared to chemical disinfection processes apart from sustainable alternative to chlorination.