bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visualizing DNA/RNA, Proteins, and Small Molecule Metabolites within Live Cells
Authors: Jia Dongling , Cui Minhui , Ding Xianting 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLive cell imaging is essential for obtaining spatial and temporal insights into dynamic molecular events within heterogeneous individual cells, in situ intracellular networks, and in vivo organisms. Molecular tracking in live cells is also a critical and general requirement for studying dynamic physiological processes in cell biology, cancer, developmental biology, and neuroscience. Alongside this context, this review provides a comprehensive overview of recent research progress in live‐cell imaging of RNAs, DNAs, proteins, and small‐molecule metabolites, as well as their applications in molecular diagnosis, immunodiagnosis, and biochemical diagnosis. A series of advanced live‐cell imaging techniques have been introduced and summarized, including high‐precision live‐cell imaging, high‐resolution imaging, low‐abundance imaging, multidimensional imaging, multipath imaging, rapid imaging, and computationally driven live‐cell imaging methods, all of which offer valuable insights for disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. This review article also addresses the current challenges, potential solutions, and future development prospects in this field.
Oxygen‐Propelled Dual‐Modular Microneedles with Dopamine‐Enhanced RNA Delivery for Regulating Each Stage of Diabetic Wounds
Authors: Ran Jinhui , Xie Zhiping , Yan Liwei , Ye Chengxinyue , Hou Yue , Hu Yuelin , Lu Xiong , Xie Chaoming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDiabetic wounds are characterized by the disruption and cessation of essential healing stages, which include hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. However, traditional treatments for diabetic wounds concentrate on individual stages of the healing process. Herein, this study utilizes mask‐mediated sequential polymerization and varied cross‐linking techniques to develop dual‐modular microneedles (MNs) with fast‐ and slow‐module, exhibiting varying degradation rates tailored for the full spectrum of diabetic wound healing. First, MNs incorporating calcium ions and dopamine synergistically promote rapid hemostasis. Second, fast‐module physically cross‐linked MNs rapidly D‐mannose/dopamine‐enhanced tripolyphosphate‐quaternized chitosan (mDTC) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with microRNA‐147 (miRNA‐147) to manage inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic wounds. Additionally, dopamine in these NPs enhances their internalization and safeguards miRNA‐147 from oxidative stress and RNase degradation. Finally, slow‐module chemically cross‐linked MNs facilitate the continuous release of deferoxamine (DFO) and dopamine, accelerating angiogenesis and tissue regeneration during the proliferation and remodeling stages. Manganese/dopamine‐enhanced calcium peroxide NPs within the MNs initiate a blast‐like generation of oxygen bubbles, not only enhancing the delivery of miRNA‐mDTC NPs and DFO but also alleviating tissue hypoxia. Consequently, dual‐modular MNs are instrumental in promoting rapid and complete healing of diabetic wounds through all stages of healing.
Tuning Iron Active Sites of FeOOH via Al3+ and Heteroatom Doping‐Induced Asymmetric Oxygen Vacancy Electronic Structure for Efficient Alkaline Water Splitting
Authors: Lv Jia‐Qi , Chang Yingfei , Chen Xinyu , Guo Jinyu , Sun Jing , Su Zhong‐Min , Zang Hong‐Ying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOxygen evolution reaction is the essential anodic reaction for water splitting. Designing tunable electronic structures to overcome its slow kinetics is an effective strategy. Herein, the molecular ammonium iron sulfate dodecahydrate is employed as the precursor to synthesize the C, N, S triatomic co‐doped Fe(Al)OOH on Ni foam (C,N,S‐Fe(Al)OOH‐NF) with asymmetric electronic structure. Both in situ oxygen vacancies and their special electronic configuration enable the electron transfer between the d‐p orbitals and get the increase of OER activity. Density functional theory calculation further indicates the effect of electronic structure on catalytic activity and stability at the oxygen vacancies. In alkaline solution, the catalyst C,N,S‐Fe(Al)OOH‐NF shows good catalytic activity and stability for water splitting. For OER, the overpotential of 10 mA cm−2 is 264 mV, the tafel slope is 46.4 mV dec−1, the HER overpotential of 10 mA cm−2 is 188 mV, the tafel slope is 59.3 mV dec−1. The stability of the catalyst can maintain ≈100 h. This work has extraordinary implications for understanding the mechanistic relationship between electronic structure and catalytic activity for designing friendly metal (oxy)hydroxide catalysts.
Engineering d–p Orbital Hybridization in Mo‐O Species of Medium‐Entropy Metal Oxides as Highly Active and Stable Electrocatalysts toward Ampere‐Level Water/Seawater Splitting
Authors: Sun Jianpeng , Zhao Zhan , Li Zizhen , Zhang Zisheng , Meng Xiangchao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOptimizing the electronic structure of electrocatalysts is of particular importance to enhance the intrinsic activity of active sites in water/seawater. Herein, a series of medium‐entropy metal oxides of X(NiMo)O2/NF (X = Mn, Fe, Co, Cu and Zn) is designed via a rapid carbothermal shocking method. Among them, the optimized medium‐entropy metal oxide (FeNiMo)O2/NF delivered remarkable HER performance, where the overpotentials as low as 110 and 141 mV are realized at 1000 mA cm−2 (@60 °C) in water and seawater. Meanwhile, medium‐entropy metal oxide (FeNiMo)O2/NF only required overpotentials of as low as 330 and 380 mV to drive 1000 mA cm−2 for OER in water and seawater (@60 °C). Theoretical calculations showed that the multiple‐metal synergistic effect in medium‐entropy metal oxides can effectively enhance the d–p orbital hybridization of Mo─O bond, reduce the energy barrier of H* adsorbed at the Mo sites. Meanwhile, Fe sites in medium‐entropy metal oxide can act as the real OER active center, resulting in a good bifunctional activity. In all, this work provides a feasible strategy for the development of highly active and stable medium‐entropy metal oxide electrocatalysts for ampere‐level water/seawater splitting.
Regulation of Zn2+ Solvation Configuration in Aqueous Batteries via Selenium‐Substituted Crown Ether Engineering
Authors: Jiang Tao , Xue Rongrong , Chen Yaoxuan , Tang Kewei , Shang Jie , Ge Yan , Qi Weihong , Qi Zhenhui , Ma Yue 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe efficient utilization of the metallic Zn in rechargeable aqueous Zn‐ion batteries (RAZBs) struggle to suffer from parasitic Zn dendrite formation, hydrogen evolution reactions as well as severe interfacial degradation at high areal capacity loadings. This study thus proposes to employ the modified crown ether as an aqueous electrolyte additive to regulate the Zn2+ desolvation kinetic and facilitates the horizontally oriented (002) deposition of Zn, extending the lifespan of both the symmetric cell and full cell models. Specifically, zincophilic cyano and hydrophobic selenium atoms are incorporated into the crown ether supramolecule to enhance Zn2+ coordination and desolvation capability. The addition of 4‐cyanobenzo‐21‐crown‐7‐selenium at a low concentration of 0.5 wt.% effectively mitigates hydrogen evolution and Zn corrosion caused by water, promoting the oriented deposition of Zn2+. The Zn||V2O5 full cell prototype, assembled with the areal capacity loadings of 2 mAh cm−2 and N/P ratio of 2.95, exhibits negligible capacity fading at 2.0A g−1 for 300 cycles, highlighting the commercial feasibility of supramolecular macrocycles additive for practical RAZBs applications.
Utilization of Polycyclic Aromatic Solid Additives for Morphology and Thermal Stability Enhancement in Photoactive Layers of Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Xu Jianing , Xiao Chengyi , Zhang Zhou , Zhang Junjie , Wang Bo , McNeill Christopher R. , Li Weiwei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVolatile solid additives have emerged as a promising strategy for enhancing film morphology and promoting the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, a series of novel polycyclic aromatic additives with analogous chemical structures, including fluorene (FL), dibenzothiophene (DBT), and dibenzofuran (DBF) derived from crude oils, are presented and incorporated into OSCs. All these additives exhibit strong interactions with the electron‐deficient terminal groups of L8‐BO within the bulk‐heterojunction OSCs. Moreover, they demonstrate significant sublimation during thermal annealing, leading to increase free volumes for the rearrangement and recrystallization of L8‐BO. This phenomenon leads to an improved film morphology and an elevated glass‐transition temperature of the photoactive layers. Consequently, the PCE of the PM6:L8‐BO blend has been boosted from 16.60% to 18.60% with 40 wt% DBF additives, with a champion PCE of 19.11% achieved for ternary PM6:L8‐BO:BTP‐eC9 OSCs. Furthermore, the prolonged shelf and thermal stability have been observed in OSCs with these additives. This study emphasizes the synergic effect of volatile solid additives on the performance and thermal stability of OSCs, highlighting their potential for advancing the field of photovoltaics.
Unveiling the impact of unchanged modules across versions on the evaluation of within‐project defect prediction models
Authors: Liu Xutong , Zhou Yufei , Lu Zeyu , Mei Yuanqing , Yang Yibiao , Qian Junyan , Zhou Yuming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundSoftware defect prediction (SDP) is a topic actively researched in the software engineering community. Within‐project defect prediction (WPDP) involves using labeled modules from previous versions of the same project to train classifiers. Over time, many defect prediction models have been evaluated under the WPDP scenario.ProblemData duplication poses a significant challenge in current WPDP evaluation procedures. Unchanged modules, characterized by identical executable source code, are frequently present in both target and source versions during experimentation. However, it is still unclear how and to what extent the presence of unchanged modules affects the performance assessment of WPDP models and the comparison of multiple WPDP models.MethodIn this paper, we provide a method to detect and remove unchanged modules from defect datasets and unveil the impact of data duplication in WPDP on model evaluation.ResultsThe experiments conducted on 481 target versions from 62 projects provide evidence that data duplication significantly affects the reported performance values of individual learners in WPDP. However, when ranking multiple WPDP models based on prediction performance, the impact of removing unchanged instances is not substantial. Nevertheless, it is important to note that removing unchanged instances does have a slight influence on the selection of models with better generalization.ConclusionWe recommend that future WPDP studies take into consideration the removal of unchanged modules from target versions when evaluating the performance of their models. This practice will enhance the reliability and validity of the results obtained in WPDP research, leading to improved understanding and advancements in defect prediction models.
Luteolin Inhibits Indoxyl Sulfate‐Induced ICAM‐1 and MCP‐1 Expression by Inducing HO‐1 Expression in EA.hy926 Human Endothelial Cells
Authors: Chang Li‐Chien , Yeh En‐Ling , Chuang Ya‐Chi , Wu Chia‐Hsuan , Kuo Chia‐Wen , Lii Chong‐Kuei , Yang Ya‐Chen , Chen Haw‐Wen , Li Chien‐Chun 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIn patients with chronic kidney disease, the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (IS) accelerates kidney damage and the progression of cardiovascular disease. IS may contribute to vascular diseases by inducing inflammation in endothelial cells. Luteolin has documented antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect of luteolin on IS‐mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM‐1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP‐1) expression in EA.hy926 cells and the possible mechanisms involved. IS significantly induced ROS production (by 6.03‐fold, p < 0.05), ICAM‐1 (by 2.19‐fold, p < 0.05) and MCP‐1 protein expression (by 2.18‐fold, p < 0.05), and HL‐60 cell adhesion (by 31%, p < 0.05), whereas, luteolin significantly decreased IS‐induced ROS production, ICAM‐1 and MCP‐1 protein expression, and HL‐60 cell adhesion. Moreover, luteolin attenuated IS‐induced nuclear accumulation of p65 and c‐jun. Luteolin dose‐dependently increased heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) expression and the maximum fold induction of HO‐1 by luteolin was 3.68‐fold (p < 0.05), whereas, HO‐1 knockdown abolished the suppression of ICAM‐1 and MCP‐1 expression by luteolin. Luteolin may protect against IS‐induced vessel damage by inducing HO‐1 expression in vascular endothelial cells, which suppresses nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) and activator protein 1 (AP‐1) mediated ICAM‐1 and MCP‐1 expression.
Naringenin Against Cadmium Toxicity in Fibroblast Cells: An Integrated Network Pharmacology and In Vitro Metabolomics Approach
Authors: Priya Komal , Roy Ashim Chandra , Prasad Abhinav , Kumar Prabhat , Ghosh Ilora 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTCadmium, a heavy metal, disrupts cellular homeostasis and is highly toxic, with no effective treatments currently available against its toxicity. According to studies, phytochemicals provide a promising strategy for mitigating cadmium toxicity. Naringenin (NG), a potent antioxidant found primarily in citrus fruits, showed protective properties against cadmium toxicity in rats. Nonetheless, the precise mechanism of cadmium cytotoxicity in fibroblasts remains unknown. This study evaluated NG against cadmium (CdCl2) toxicity utilizing network pharmacology and in silico molecular docking, and was further validated experimentally in rat fibroblast F111 cells. Using network pharmacology, 25 possible targets, including the top 10 targets of NG against cadmium, were identified. Molecular docking of interleukin 6 (IL6), the top potential target with NG, showed robust binding with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 58.76 μM, supporting its potential therapeutic potential. Pathway enrichment analysis suggested that “response to reactive oxygen species” and “negative regulation of small molecules metabolic process” were the topmost pathways targeted by NG against cadmium. In vitro analysis showed that NG (10 μM) attenuated CdCl2‐induced oxidative stress by reducing altered intracellular ROS, mitochondrial mass, and membrane potential. Also, NG reversed CdCl2‐mediated nuclear damage, G2/M phase arrest, and apoptosis. GC/MS‐based metabolomics of F111 cells revealed CdCl2 reduced cholesterol levels, which led to alterations in primary bile acid, steroid and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways, whereas, NG restored these alterations. In summary, combined in silico and in vitro analysis suggested that NG protected cells from CdCl2 toxicity by mitigating oxidative stress and metabolic pathway alterations, providing a comprehensive understanding of its protective mechanisms against cadmium‐induced toxicity.
Efficacy and safety of probiotics in IBD: An overview of systematic reviews and updated meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Estevinho Maria Manuela , Yuan Yuhong , Rodríguez‐Lago Iago , Sousa‐Pimenta Mário , Dias Cláudia Camila , Barreiro‐de Acosta Manuel , Jairath Vipul , Magro Fernando 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and objectiveProbiotics show promise in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet knowledge gaps persist. We performed an overview of systematic reviews and an updated metanalysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) assessing the effect of probiotics on Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).MethodsMEDLINE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to September 2023. Primary outcomes were clinical remission and recurrence; secondary outcomes included endoscopic response and remission, and adverse events. We calculated odds ratios (OR) using a random‐effects model in R. The quality of systematic reviews was assessed using the AMSTAR‐2; the trials' risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Evidence certainty was rated using the GRADE framework.ResultsOut of 2613 results, 67 studies (22 systematic reviews and 45 RCTs) met the eligibility criteria. In the updated meta‐analysis, the OR for clinical remission in UC and CD was 2.00 (95% CI 1.28–3.11) and 1.61 (95% CI 0.21–12.50), respectively. The subgroup analysis suggested that combining 5‐ASA and probiotics may be beneficial for inducing remission in mild‐to‐moderate UC (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.29–4.28). Probiotics decreased the odds of recurrence in relapsing pouchitis (OR 0.03, 95% CI 0.00–0.25) and trended toward reducing clinical recurrence in inactive UC (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.42–1.01). No protective effect against recurrence was identified for CD. Multi‐strain formulations appear superior in achieving remission and preventing recurrence in UC. The use of probiotics was not associated with better endoscopic outcomes. Adverse events were similar to control. However, the overall certainty of evidence was low.ConclusionProbiotics, particularly multi‐strain formulations, appear efficacious for the induction of clinical remission and the prevention of relapse in UC patients as well as for relapsing pouchitis. Notwithstanding, no significant effect was identified for CD. The favorable safety profile of probiotics was also highlighted.
Invariant tensions from holography
Authors: Bachas Constantin , Chen Zhongwu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We revisit the problem of defining an invariant notion of tension in gravity. For spacetimes whose asymptotics are those of a Defect CFT we propose two independent definitions: gravitational tension given by the one-point function of the dilatation current, and inertial tension, or stiffness, given by the norm of the displacement operator. We show that both reduce to the tension of the Nambu-Goto action in the limit of classical thin-brane probes. Subtle normalisations of the relevant Witten diagrams are fixed by the Weyl and diffeomorphism Ward identities of the boundary DCFT. The gravitational tension is not defined for domain walls, whereas stiffness is not defined for point particles. When they both exist these two tensions are in general different, but the examples of line and surface BPS defects in d = 4 show that superconformal invariance can identify them.
Chiral shift symmetries as an infinite tower of subleading super-shift symmetries
Authors: Barnich Glenn , Ciambelli Luca , González Hernán A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Chiral shift symmetries of the massless free bosons in two dimensions are global symmetries that are somewhat similar to asymptotic symmetries. They are most transparent in double-null coordinates where they are parametrized by two functions of one variable. In BMS-type coordinates, half of them appear as an infinite tower of sub-leading super-shift symmetries.
Renormalization-group improved resummation of super-leading logarithms
Authors: Böer Philipp , Hager Patrick , Neubert Matthias , Stillger Michel , Xu Xiaofeng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A new strategy is presented for systematically treating super-leading logarithmic contributions including higher-order Glauber exchanges for non-global LHC observables in renormalization-group (RG) improved perturbation theory. This represents an important improvement over previous approaches, as it allows for the consistent inclusion of the scale dependence of the strong coupling, thereby providing more reliable estimates of the scale uncertainties in theoretical predictions. The key idea is to rearrange the relevant RG evolution operator in such a way that all double-logarithmic corrections are exponentiated from the outset. This forms the starting point for the first resummation of super-leading logarithms at leading order in RG-improved perturbation theory for arbitrary 2 → M scattering processes. Moreover, the asymptotic scaling of subleading logarithmic corrections from higher-order Glauber exchanges is determined, demonstrating their parametric suppression.
Note on the group of vertical diffeomorphisms of a principal bundle & its relation to the Frölicher-Nijenhuis bracket
Authors: François J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The group of vertical diffeomorphisms of a principal bundle forms the action Lie groupoid associated to the bundle. The former is generated by the group of maps with value in the structure group, which is also the group of bisections of the groupoid. The corresponding Lie algebra of general vertical vector fields is generated by maps with value in the Lie algebra of the structure group. The bracket on these maps, induced by the bracket of vertical vector fields, is an “extended” bracket on gauge parameters: it has been introduced heuristically in physics, notably in the study of asymptotic symmetries of gravity. Seeing the set of Lie algebra-valued maps as sections of the action Lie algebroid associated to the bundle, the extended bracket is understood to be a Lie algebroid bracket on those sections.Here, we highlight that this bracket can also be seen to arise from the Frölicher-Nijenhuis bracket of vector-valued differential forms. The benefit of this viewpoint is to insert this extended bracket within the general framework of derivations of forms on a bundle. Identities relating it to the usual operations of Cartan calculus — inner product, exterior and (Nijenhuis-) Lie derivative — are immediately read as special cases of general results. We also consider the generalised gauge transformations induced by vertical diffeomorphisms, and discuss their peculiar features. In particular, locally, and contrary to standard gauge transformations arising from vertical bundle automorphisms, they are distinguishable from local gluings when iterated. Yet, the gauge principle still holds.
AGI crimes? The role of criminal law in mitigating existential risks posed by artificial general intelligence
Authors: Mamak Kamil 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe recent developments in applications of artificial intelligence bring back discussion about risks posed by AI. Among immediate risks that need to be tackled here and now, there is also a possible problem of existential threats related to Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). There is a discussion on how to mitigate those risks by appropriate regulations. It seems that one commonly accepted assumption is that the problem is global, and thus, it needs to be tackled first of all on an international level. In this paper, I argue that national criminal laws should also be considered one of the possible regulatory tools for mitigating threats posed by AGI. I propose to enact AGI crimes that complement the varieties of legal responses to existential risks that might motivate and speed up further regulatory changes.