bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On Density and Bishop–Phelps–Bollobás-Type Properties for the Minimum Norm
Authors: García Domingo , Maestre Manuel , Martín Miguel , Roldán Óscar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe study the set $${\text {MA}}(X,Y)$$

MA
(
X
,
Y
)

of operators between Banach spaces X and Y that attain their minimum norm, and the set $${\text {QMA}}(X,Y)$$

QMA
(
X
,
Y
)

of operators that quasi attain their minimum norm. We characterize the Radon–Nikodym property in terms of operators that attain their minimum norm and obtain some related results about the density of the sets $${\text {MA}}(X,Y)$$

MA
(
X
,
Y
)

and $${\text {QMA}}(X,Y)$$

QMA
(
X
,
Y
)

. We show that every infinite-dimensional Banach space X has an isomorphic space Y, such that not every operator from X to Y quasi attains its minimum norm. We introduce and study Bishop–Phelps–Bollobás type properties for the minimum norm, including the ones already considered in the literature, and we exhibit a wide variety of results and examples, as well as exploring the relations between them.
AI and mental health: evaluating supervised machine learning models trained on diagnostic classifications
Authors: van Oosterzee Anna 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMachine learning (ML) has emerged as a promising tool in psychiatry, revolutionising diagnostic processes and patient outcomes. In this paper, I argue that while ML studies show promising initial results, their application in mimicking clinician-based judgements presents inherent limitations (Shatte et al. in Psychol Med 49:1426–1448. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291719000151, 2019). Most models still rely on DSM (the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) categories, known for their heterogeneity and low predictive value. DSM's descriptive nature limits the validity of psychiatric diagnoses, which leads to overdiagnosis, comorbidity, and low remission rates. The application in psychiatry highlights the limitations of supervised ML techniques. Supervised ML models inherit the validity issues of their training data set. When the model's outcome is a DSM classification, this can never be more valid or predictive than the clinician’s judgement. Therefore, I argue that these models have little added value to the patient. Moreover, the lack of known underlying causal pathways in psychiatric disorders prevents validating ML models based on such classifications. As such, I argue that high accuracy in these models is misleading when it is understood as validating the classification. In conclusion, these models will not will not offer any real benefit to patient outcomes. I propose a shift in focus, advocating for ML models to prioritise improving the predictability of prognosis, treatment selection, and prevention. Therefore, data selection and outcome variables should be geared towards this transdiagnostic goal. This way, ML can be leveraged to better support clinicians in personalised treatment strategies for mental health patients.
An Indian Enigma? Labour market impacts of the world’s largest livelihoods program
Authors: Deshpande Ashwini , Khanna Shantanu , Walia Daksh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe examine the labour market impacts of the largest livelihoods programs in the world, India’s Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM). A key aspect of this program is to mobilize rural women into self-help groups (SHGs). We combine administrative data on SHG membership across districts in India with survey micro-data on labour force and employment outcomes of rural women between 2011 and 2019. Using a generalized difference-in-differences approach, we find that SHG membership is positively associated with labour force participation and employment of rural women. We also find evidence that SHG membership is associated with a shift towards self-employment and a crowd-out of casual work among the employed. Our supplementary analysis based on large primary survey data from Maharashtra allows us to examine the relationship between SHG membership and economic activity at the individual level. The results confirm our main result of a positive association between SHG membership and economic activity. Further, we show that longer duration of SHG membership is associated with higher participation rates.
Enhancing mechanical performance in SLS-printed PA12-slate composites through amino-silane treatment of mineral waste
Authors: Nobre Luís , Barros Daniel , Bessa João , Cunha Fernando , Machado Michael , Mendonça João P. , Luís Jorge , Oliveira Martinho , Machado Paulo , Fernandes César , Fangueiro Raul 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe SLS additive manufacturing industry enables the development of products for diverse applications with distinct properties due to its excellent surface finish and ability to create varied part geometries, but it consumes high-performance materials with high acquisition costs. An extensive quarrying of stone leads to the accumulation of mineral residues, posing environmental hazards by contaminating soil and water when disposed of in landfills. The primary objective of the study was to incorporate mineral waste into the SLS technique and investigate the influence of its addition, along with a silane-based chemical treatment, on the mechanical performance of polymer-mineral composites (PA12-slate). Additionally, the feasibility of producing a highly loaded printed prototype, employing 50 wt% of mineral waste, was examined. Samples of PA12, PA12 blended with 50 wt% slate waste, and slate waste treated with silane underwent fabrication via selective laser sintering (SLS) and subsequent mechanical characterization, including tensile, flexural, and compressive tests. Additionally, the samples underwent accelerated aging using a QUV weathering tester, followed by mechanical characterization. The geometric accuracy, stability, and processing feasibility of these formulations were evaluated through SLS-printed composite prototypes utilizing PA12_50Sla_Si. It was found that the addition of 50% of slate to the PA12 presented mechanical properties decreasing compared to the printed PA12 only. However, an increase was verified when using silane-induced mineral bonding. The incorporation of mineral agents and silane enhanced the resistance of PA12 to aging. However, after aging, both tensile and flexural strength decreased across all printed samples. Nonetheless, this study showcased the feasibility of producing complex PA12-slate waste specimens containing up to 50 wt% of mineral waste using the SLS printing technique. Therefore, SLS presents itself as a viable means of adding value to this mineral waste.
Robust confidence intervals for meta-regression with interaction effects
Authors: Thurow Maria , Welz Thilo , Knop Eric , Friede Tim , Pauly Markus 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMeta-analysis is an important statistical technique for synthesizing the results of multiple studies regarding the same or closely related research question. So-called meta-regression extends meta-analysis models by accounting for study-level covariates. Mixed-effects meta-regression models provide a powerful tool for evidence synthesis, by appropriately accounting for between-study heterogeneity. In fact, modelling the study effect in terms of random effects and moderators not only allows to examine the impact of the moderators, but often leads to more accurate estimates of the involved parameters. Nevertheless, due to the often small number of studies on a specific research topic, interactions are often neglected in meta-regression. In this work we consider the research questions (i) how moderator interactions influence inference in mixed-effects meta-regression models and (ii) whether some inference methods are more reliable than others. Here we review robust methods for confidence intervals in meta-regression models including interaction effects. These methods are based on the application of robust sandwich estimators of Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman (HKSJ) or heteroscedasticity-consistent (HC)-type for estimating the variance-covariance matrix of the vector of model coefficients. Furthermore, we compare different versions of these robust estimators in an extensive simulation study. We thereby investigate coverage and width of seven different confidence intervals under varying conditions. Our simulation study shows that the coverage rates as well as the interval widths of the parameter estimates are only slightly affected by adjustment of the parameters. It also turned out that using the Satterthwaite approximation for the degrees of freedom seems to be advantageous for accurate coverage rates. In addition, different to previous analyses for simpler models, the $$\textbf{HKSJ}$$
HKSJ
-estimator shows a worse performance in this more complex setting compared to some of the $$\textbf{HC}$$
HC
-estimators.
Spatial cell interplay networks of regulatory T cells predict recurrence in patients with operable non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Cai Siqi , Yang Guanqun , Hu Mengyu , Li Chaozhuo , Yang Liying , Zhang Wei , Sun Jujie , Sun Fenghao , Xing Ligang , Sun Xiaorong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The interplay between regulatory T cells (Tregs) and neighboring cells, which is pivotal for anti-tumor immunity and closely linked to patient prognosis, remains to be fully elucidated.

Methods
Tissue microarrays of 261 operable NSCLC patients were stained by multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) assay, and the interaction between Tregs and neighboring cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) was evaluated. Employing various machine learning algorithms, we developed a spatial immune signature to predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients. Additionally, we explored the interplay between programmed death-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) interactions and their relationship with Tregs.

Results
Survival analysis indicated that the interplay between Tregs and neighboring cells in the invasive margin (IM) and tumor center was associated with recurrence in NSCLC patients. We integrated the intersection of the three algorithms to identify four crucial spatial immune features [P(CD8+Treg to CK) in IM, P(CD8+Treg to CD4) in IM, N(CD4+Treg to CK) in IM, N(CD4+Tcon to CK) in IM] and employed these characteristics to establish SIS, an independent prognosticator of recurrence in NSCLC patients [HR = 2.34, 95% CI (1.53, 3.58), P < 0.001]. Furthermore, analysis of cell interactions demonstrated that a higher number of Tregs contributed to higher PD-L1+ cells surrounded by PD-1+ cells (P < 0.001) with shorter distances (P = 0.004).

Conclusion
We dissected the cell interplay network within the TME, uncovering the spatial architecture and intricate interactions between Tregs and neighboring cells, along with their impact on the prognosis of NSCLC patients.
Negative association of steroids with immunotherapy efficacy in a multi-tumor cohort: time and dose-dependent
Authors: Albarrán Víctor , Guerrero Patricia , de Quevedo Coral García , González Carlos , Chamorro Jesús , Rosero Diana Isabel , Moreno Jaime , Calvo Juan Carlos , de Aguado Patricia Pérez , Alía Víctor , Sotoca Pilar , Barrill Ana María , Román María San , Álvarez-Ballesteros Pablo , Serrano Juan José , Soria Ainara , Olmedo María Eugenia , Saavedra Cristina , Cortés Alfonso , Gómez Ana , Lage Yolanda , Ruiz Álvaro , Ferreiro María Reyes , Longo Federico , Garrido Pilar , Gajate Pablo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPrevious studies have suggested a negative impact of steroids on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), but how this effect is modulated by the dosage and time of administration is yet to be clarified. We have performed a retrospective analysis of 475 patients with advanced solid tumors treated with ICI as monotherapy from 2015 to 2022. Data regarding immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and clinical outcomes were collected. For each patient, the daily steroid dose (in mg/kg of prednisone) was registered until disease progression or death. The impact of cumulative doses on response rates and survival outcomes was analyzed within different periods. The objective response rate (ORR) was significantly lower among patients exposed to steroids within 30 days before the first cycle of ICI (C1) (20.3% vs. 36.7%, p < 0.01) and within the first 90 days of treatment (25.7% vs. 37.7%, p = 0.01). This negative association was confirmed by multivariable analysis. Higher mean steroid doses were observed among non-responders, and cumulative doses were inversely correlated with the disease control rate (DCR) around ICI initiation. Remarkably, poorer outcomes were observed even in patients belonging to the lowest dose quartile compared to the steroid-naïve population. The exposure to steroids after 6 months of ICI was not associated with worse survival outcomes. Our results suggest that the potential impact of steroids on ICI efficacy may be time-dependent, prevailing around ICI initiation, and dose-dependent, with modulation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a possible underlying mechanism.
Treatment options for cisplatin-ineligible patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review
Authors: Michelon Isabella , Nachtigal Gilca Costa , Dacoregio Maria Inez , Moraes Ana Cristina Beitia Kraemer , Moraes Mauricio , Piva Lívia Silva , da Costa Catiara Terra , Lund Rafael Guerra , Michelon Douver 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
There is no agreed-upon standard option for patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA HNSCC) unfit for cisplatin-based regimens. Therefore, we performed a systematic review to explore alternative options for this population.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases for observational studies and clinical trials (CTs) assessing treatment options for LA HNSCC cisplatin-ineligible patients. This study was registered in PROSPERO under the number CRD42023483156.

Results
This systematic review included 24 studies (18 observational studies and 6 CTs), comprising 4450 LA HNSCC cisplatin-ineligible patients. Most patients were treated with cetuximab-radiotherapy [RT] (50.3%), followed by carboplatin-RT (31.7%). In seven studies reporting median overall survival (OS) in patients treated with cetuximab-RT, it ranged from 12.8 to 46 months. The median OS was superior to 40 months in two studies assessing carboplatin-RT, and superior to 15 months in two studies assessing RT alone. For other regimens such as nimotuzumab-RT, docetaxel-RT, and carboplatin-RT plus paclitaxel the median OS was 21, 25.5, and 28 months, respectively.

Conclusions
Our systematic review supports the use of a variety of therapy combinations for LA HNSCC cisplatin-ineligible patients. We highlight the urgent need for clinical studies assessing treatment approaches in this population.
The management of critical bone defects: outcomes of a systematic approach
Authors: Tsang Shao-Ting Jerry , van Rensburg Adrian Jansen , van Heerden Jason , Epstein Gadi Zwe , Venter Rudolph , Ferreira Nando 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The reconstruction of segmental long bone defects remains one of ‘The holy grails of orthopaedics’. The optimal treatment of which remains a topic of great debate. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes following the management of critical-sized bone defects using a classification-based treatment algorithm.

Methods
A retrospective review of all patients undergoing treatment for segmental diaphyseal defects of long bones at a tertiary-level limb reconstruction unit between January 2016 and December 2021, was performed. The management of the bone defect was standardised as per the classification by Ferreira and Tanwar (2020).

Results
A total of 96 patients (mean age 39.8, SD 15.2) with a minimum six months follow-up were included. Most bone defects were the result of open fractures (75/96) with 67% associated with Gustilo-Anderson IIIB injuries. There was a statistical difference in the likelihood of union between treatment strategies with more than 90% of cases undergoing acute shortening and bone transport achieving union and only 72% of cases undergoing the induced membrane technique consolidating (p = 0.049). Of those defects that consolidated, there was no difference in the time to bone union between strategies (p = 0.308) with an overall median time to union 8.33 months (95% CI 7.4 – 9.2 months). The induced membrane technique was associated with a 40% risk of sepsis.

Conclusion
This study reported the outcomes of a standardised approach to the management of critical-sized bone defects. Whilst overall results were supportive of this approach, the outcomes associated with the induced membrane technique require further refinement of its indications in the management of critical-sized bone defects.

Level of evidence
4.
Hand gesture recognition for user-defined textual inputs and gestures
Authors: Wang Jindi , Ivrissimtzis Ioannis , Li Zhaoxing , Shi Lei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDespite recent progress, hand gesture recognition, a highly regarded method of human computer interaction, still faces considerable challenges. In this paper, we address the problem of individual user style variation, which can significantly affect system performance. While previous work only supports the manual inclusion of customized hand gestures in the context of very specific application settings, here, an effective, adaptable graphical interface, supporting user-defined hand gestures is introduced. In our system, hand gestures are personalized by training a camera-based hand gesture recognition model for a particular user, using data just from that user. We employ a lightweight Multilayer Perceptron architecture based on contrastive learning, reducing the size of the data needed and the training timeframes compared to previous recognition models that require massive training datasets. Experimental results demonstrate rapid convergence and satisfactory accuracy of the recognition model, while a user study collects and analyses some initial user feedback on the system in deployment.
Using boundary objects and methodological island (BOMI) modeling in large-scale agile systems development
Authors: Holtmann Jörg , Horkoff Jennifer , Wohlrab Rebekka , Vu Victoria , Kasauli Rashidah , Maro Salome , Steghöfer Jan-Philipp , Knauss Eric 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Large-scale systems development commonly faces the challenge of managing relevant knowledge between different organizational groups, particularly in increasingly agile contexts. Here, there is a conflict between coordination and group autonomy, and it is challenging to determine what necessary coordination information must be shared by what teams or groups, and what can be left to local team management. We introduce a way to manage this complexity using a modeling framework based on two core concepts: methodological islands (i.e., groups using different development methods than the surrounding organization) and boundary objects (i.e., artifacts that create a common understanding across team borders). However, we found that companies often lack a systematic way of assessing coordination issues and the use of boundary objects between methodological islands. As part of an iterative design science study, we have addressed this gap by producing a modeling framework (BOMI: Boundary Objects and Methodological Islands) to better capture and analyze coordination and knowledge management in practice. This framework includes a metamodel, as well as a list of bad smells over this metamodel that can be leveraged to detect inter-team coordination issues. The framework also includes a methodology to suggest concrete modeling steps and broader guidelines to help apply the approach successfully in practice. We have developed Eclipse-based tool support for the BOMI method, allowing for both graphical and textual model creation, and including an implementation of views over BOMI instance models in order to manage model complexity. We have evaluated these artifacts iteratively together with five large-scale companies developing complex systems. In this work, we describe the BOMI framework and its iterative evaluation in several real cases, reporting on lessons learned and identifying future work. We have produced a matured and stable modeling framework which facilitates understanding and reflection over complex organizational configurations, communication, governance, and coordination of knowledge artifacts in large-scale agile system development.
Adverse Childhood Experiences and HIV-Related Stigma: A Quantitative Survey of Tanzanian Men, June 2019
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Brown Monique J. , Kangogo Geoffrey K. , Li Xiaoming , Teri Ivan E. , Mbita Gaspar , Ahonkhai Aima A. ,   BRIDGE Africa Team, Conserve Donaldson F. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractExperiencing adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may impact personal opinions, attitudes, and judgments, which can further result in HIV-related stigma. HIV-related stigma consequentially may impact HIV preventive measures such as HIV testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake, and condom use. The extent to which ACEs influence HIV-related stigma perception has not been well studied. Therefore, the study aimed to examine the association between ACEs and perceived and interpersonal HIV-related stigma among Tanzanian HIV-negative men. Quantitative survey data were obtained from the Tanzania STEP (Self-Testing Education and Promotion) project established in four wards: Mabibo, Manzese, Tandale, and Mwanyanamala. A total of 507 men responded to the ACEs and HIV-related stigma questionnaires. ACEs were operationalized as types of ACEs (environmental, physical/psychological, sexual abuse) and ACE score (0 (reference) vs. 1, 2, 3, ≥ 4). Perceived HIV-related stigma was analyzed both as a binary (HIV stigma vs. no HIV stigma) and a continuous variable. Unadjusted and adjusted multinomial logistic and linear regression models were used to assess the associations between ACEs and HIV-related stigma. ACE types were associated with HIV stigma (b = 0.237, 95% CI [0.122–0.352], p =  < .0001). Findings of the adjusted multinomial logistic regression model show that experiencing one ACE (aOR = 1.9; p-value = 0.023), two ACEs (aOR = 1.8; p-value = 0.044), four or more ACEs (aOR = 4.1; p-value =  < 0.0001) were associated with greater perceived HIV-related stigma. Moreover, experiencing environmental (aOR = 8.6; p-value = 0.005), physical/psychological (aOR = 2.5; p-value = 0.004), and sexual abuse (aOR = 3.4; p-value =  < 0.0001) were associated with higher odds of HIV-related stigma. Our study findings suggest that those who experience childhood trauma are more likely to have a higher perception of HIV-related stigma. Intervention programs targeting HIV stigma should consider addressing ACEs entailing the behavioral and psychological impact of childhood trauma.