bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence of Radiographic Findings of Structural Hip Deformities in Female Collegiate Athletes
Authors: Kapron Ashley L. , Peters Christopher L. , Aoki Stephen K. , Beckmann James T. , Erickson Jill A. , Anderson Mike B. , Pelt Christopher E. 
Published: April 2015

Background: Structural deformities of the hip, including femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and acetabular dysplasia, often limit athletic activity. Previous studies have reported an increased prevalence of radiographic cam FAI in male athletes, but data on the prevalence of structural hip deformities in female athletes are lacking. Purpose: (1) To quantify the prevalence of radiographic FAI deformities and acetabular dysplasia in female collegiate athletes from 3 sports: volleyball, soccer, and track and field. (2) To identify possible relationships between radiographic measures of hip morphologic characteristics and physical examination findings. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Anteroposterior (AP) pelvis and frog-leg lateral radiographs were obtained from 63 female athletes participating in Division I collegiate volleyball, soccer, and track and field. Lateral center edge angle (LCEA) and acetabular index were measured on AP films. Alpha angle and head-neck offset were measured on frog-leg lateral films. Pain during the supine impingement examination and hip rotation at 90° of flexion were recorded. Random-effects linear regression was used for group comparisons and correlation analyses to account for the lack of independence of observations made on left and right hips. Results: Radiographic cam deformity (alpha angle >50° and/or head-neck offset <8 mm) was found in 48% (61/126) of hips. Radiographic pincer deformity (LCEA >40°) was noted in only 1% (1/126) of hips. No hips had radiographic mixed FAI (at least 1 of the 2 cam criteria and LCEA >40°). Twenty-one percent (26/126) of hips had an LCEA <20°, indicative of acetabular dysplasia, and an additional 46% (58/126) of hips had borderline dysplasia (LCEA ≥20° and ≤25°). Track and field athletes had significantly increased alpha angles (48.2° ± 7.1°) compared with the soccer players (40.0° ± 6.8°; P < .001) and volleyball players (39.1° ± 5.9°; P < .001). There was no significant difference in the LCEA (all P > .914) or the prevalence of dysplasia (LCEA <20°) between teams (all P > .551). There were no significant correlations between the radiographic measures and internal rotation (all P > .077). There were no significant differences (all P > .089) in radiographic measures between hips that were painful (n = 26) during the impingement examination and those that were not. Conclusion: These female athletes had a lower prevalence of radiographic FAI deformities compared with previously reported values for male athletes and a higher prevalence of acetabular dysplasia than reported for women in previous studies.
Alterations in Knee Kinematics After Partial Medial Meniscectomy Are Activity Dependent
Authors: Edd Shannon N. , Netravali Nathan A. , Favre Julien , Giori Nicholas J. , Andriacchi Thomas P. 
Published: April 2015

Background: Alterations in knee kinematics after partial meniscectomy have been linked to the increased risk of osteoarthritis in this population. Understanding differences in kinematics during static versus dynamic activities of increased demand can provide important information regarding the possible underlying mechanisms of these alterations. Hypothesis: Differences in the following 2 kinematics measures will increase with activity demand: (1) the offset toward external tibial rotation for the meniscectomized limb compared with the contralateral limb during stance and (2) the difference in knee flexion angle at initial foot contact between the meniscectomized and contralateral limbs. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: This study compared side-to-side differences in knee flexion and rotation angles during static and dynamic activities. Thirteen patients (2 female) were tested in a motion capture laboratory at 6 ± 2 months after unilateral, arthroscopic, partial medial meniscectomy during a static reference pose and during 3 dynamic activities: walking, stair ascent, and stair descent. Results: The meniscectomized limb demonstrated more external tibial rotation compared with the contralateral limb during dynamic activities, and there was a trend that this offset increased with activity demand (repeated-measures analysis of variance [ANOVA] for activity, P = .07; mean limb difference: static pose, –0.1° ± 3.3°, P = .5; walking, 1.2° ± 3.8°, P = .1; stair ascent, 2.0° ± 3.2°, P = .02; stair descent, 3.0° ± 3.5°, P = .005). Similarly, the meniscectomized knee was more flexed at initial contact than the contralateral limb during dynamic activities (repeated-measures ANOVA for activity P = .006; mean limb difference: reference pose, 1.0° ± 2.5°, P = .09; walking, 2.0° ± 3.9°, P = .05; stair ascent, 5.9° ± 5.3°, P = .009; stair descent, 3.5° ± 4.0°, P = .004). Conclusion: These results suggest both a structural element and a potential muscular element for the differences in kinematics after partial medial meniscectomy and highlight the importance of challenging the knee with activities of increased demands to detect differences in kinematics from the contralateral limb. Clinical Relevance: With further investigation, these findings could help guide clinical rehabilitation of patients with torn meniscus tissue, especially in the context of the patients’ increased risk of joint degeneration.
Changes in Breastfeeding Attitudes in a Metropolitan Community in Tennessee
Authors: Nouer Simonne S. , Ware Julie L. , Baldwin Katherine M. , Hare Marion E. 
Published: April 2015

Background: The Southern United States has low breastfeeding rates, particularly among African Americans. Breastfeeding rates are influenced by community attitudes and norms. Objective: This study aimed to examine changes in breastfeeding attitudes and demographic factors related to these attitudes. Methods: Cross-sectional data from a community-based survey, repeated annually from 2004 to 2008, were analyzed. Univariable analysis examined trends over time and log binomial regression estimated the strength of the association between year of the survey, demographic factors, and outcome responses related to the survey questions. Results: After adjusting for sex, race, marital status, age, and education, compared to 2004, 2008 respondents were 26% more likely to rate breastfeeding as extremely important compared to formula feeding (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-1.43). Similarly, 2008 respondents were 29% more likely to rate the importance of breastfeeding for long-term health as extremely important (PR = 1.29; 95% CI, 1.14-1.46). Comfort levels with breastfeeding outside the home also increased. Respondents to the 2008 survey were more likely to report that they were comfortable with a mother breastfeeding in their workplace (PR = 1.20; 95% CI, 1.11-1.31) and in a mall or restaurant (PR = 1.15; 95% CI, 1.06-1.26). After controlling for demographic factors, there were no significant differences in responses between African Americans and other races. Conclusion: Despite significantly lower breastfeeding rates among African Americans, this analysis revealed significant positive changes in attitudes regarding breastfeeding between 2004 and 2008, regardless of race. These changes in attitude coincided with increased breastfeeding initiation rates, suggesting that federal, state, and local breastfeeding promotion efforts had an effect.
Reference List Accuracy in Social Work Journals: A Follow-Up Analysis
Authors: Mitchell-Williams Missy T. , Skipper Antonius D. , Alexander Marvin C. , Wilks Scott E. 
Published: April 2015

Purpose: Following up an Research on Social Work Practice article published a decade ago, this study aimed to examine reference error rates among five, widely circulated social work journals. Methods: A stratified random sample of references was selected from the year 2013 ( N = 500, 100/journal). Each was verified against the original work to detect errors among author name(s), publication year, article title, journal title, volume number, and page numbers. Interrater consistency was 0.88. Results: In the sample, 163 (33%) references contained at least 1 error, producing 258 total errors. Author names held the highest error rate (0.26) and the volume number held the lowest (0.04). The highest error rate was found in Social Service Review (0.48), statistically significantly higher than the remaining journals. Discussion: Reference accuracy in social work journal articles has increased marginally. Substantial reference errors in articles among widely circulated journals may portray an aggregate lack of polished, scholarly writing/editing skills within the profession.
Developing and Modeling Complex Social Interventions
Authors: Webber Martin , Reidy Hannah , Ansari David , Stevens Martin , Morris David 
Published: April 2015

Objectives: Modeling the processes involved in complex social interventions is important in social work practice, as it facilitates their implementation and translation into different contexts. This article reports the process of developing and modeling the connecting people intervention (CPI), a model of practice that supports people with mental health problems to enhance their social networks. Method: The CPI model was developed through an iterative process of focus group discussions with practitioners and service users and a two-stage Delphi consultation with relevant experts. Results: We discuss the intervention model and the processes it articulates to provide an example of the benefits of intervention modeling. Conclusions: Intervention modeling provides a visual representation of the process and outcomes of an intervention, which can assist practice development and lead to improved outcomes for service users.
Periprocedural Management of New Oral Anticoagulants in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Authors: Zak Martin , Castiblanco Saramaria Afanador , Garg Jalaj , Palaniswamy Chandrasekar , Jacobs Larry E. 
Published: April 2015

Background: Patients who undergo catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) are at increased risk of developing thromboembolic and bleeding complications periprocedurally. Many patients are now on newer oral anticoagulants (NOACs), but data regarding their safety and efficacy during AF ablation are limited. Methods and Results: This article reviews the literature in PubMed from 1998 to 2014 and includes clinical trials and meta-analysis that analyzed the safety and efficacy of NOACs during AF catheter ablation. Dabigatran seems to be as effective and safe as warfarin, although most data are from single-center studies, with small samples and very low overall bleeding and thromboembolic complications. Periprocedural anticoagulation protocols also vary greatly between studies. Some recent meta-analysis has shown that warfarin could still be a safer and more effective alternative. There are fewer studies with rivaroxaban in AF ablation, and there have been no meta-analysis yet comparing rivaroxaban to warfarin or dabigatran. There seems to be no significant differences in safety or efficacy of rivaroxaban compared to warfarin. Interestingly, there are no available data for apixaban in AF ablation yet. Discussion: There are no consensus guidelines regarding the use of NOACs during AF ablation. Dabigatran and rivaroxaban seem as safe and effective as warfarin, although larger studies with standardized protocols are needed, as available studies may be underpowered to detect small differences in bleeding and thromboembolic rates.
Practical use of opioids in cats: a state-of-the-art, evidence-based review
Authors: Bortolami Elisa , Love Emma J 
Published: April 2015

Rationale Recent recognition of the need to improve pain management in cats has led to the investigation of the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of opioid analgesic drugs in this species. The results of these studies may be difficult to interpret because the effect of these drugs varies with dose, route of administration and the method used to assess them. As equipotency of different opioids is not known, it is hard to compare their effects. Animals do not verbalise the pain they feel and, in cats, it may be more difficult to recognise signs of pain in comparison with other species such as dogs. Aim This article reviews the use of opioid analgesics in cats. It must be remembered that not all drugs are licensed for use in cats, and that marketing authorisations vary between different countries.
Influence of music and its genres on respiratory rate and pupil diameter variations in cats under general anaesthesia: contribution to promoting patient safety
Authors: Mira Filipa , Costa Alexandra , Mendes Eva , Azevedo Pedro , Carreira L Miguel 
Published: April 2015

Objectives The aims of the study were to recognise if there is any auditory sensory stimuli processing in cats under general anaesthesia, and to evaluate changes in respiratory rate (RR) and pupillary diameter (PD) in anaesthetised patients exposed to different music genres, while relating this to the depth of anaesthesia. Methods A sample of 12 cats submitted for elective ovariohysterectomy was exposed to 2 min excerpts of three different music genres (classical [CM], pop [PM] and heavy metal [HM]) at three points during surgery (T1 = coeliotomy; T2 = ligature placement and transection of the ovarian pedicle; T3 = ligature placement and transection of the uterine body). A multiparametric medical monitor was used to measure the RR, and a digital calliper was used for PD measurement. Music was delivered through headphones, which fully covered the patient’s ears. P values   <0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.    Results Statistically significant differences between stimuli conditions for all surgical points were obtained for RR (T1, P = 0.03; T2, P = 0.00; T3, P = 0.00) and for PD (T1, P = 0.03; T2, P = 0.04; T3, P = 0.00). Most individuals exhibited lower values for RR and PD when exposed to CM, intermediate values to PM and higher values to HM. Conclusions and relevance The results suggest that cats under general anaesthesia are likely to perform auditory sensory stimuli processing. The exposure to music induces RR and PD variations modulated by the genre of music and is associated with autonomic nervous system activity. The use of music in the surgical theatre may contribute to allowing a reduced anaesthetic dose, minimising undesirable side effects and thus promoting patient safety.
Steroid-Induced Osteonecrosis in Dermatology
Authors: Nowak Dominik Alex , Yeung Jensen 
Published: April 2015

Background: Steroid-induced osteonecrosis is unpredictable and highly morbid. Methods: MEDLINE (Ovid) and PubMed search for relevant literature. Results: Oral steroid doses typically considered to be associated with the condition are >20 mg of prednisone (or equivalent) per day or >2 g within a period of 2 to 3 months. Symptoms may be vague. Conclusions: Dermatologists must exercise a high degree of clinical suspicion and warn patients about steroid-related risks and conditions for follow-up.
Cognitive impairment in Chinese neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Zhang N , Li YJ , Fu Y , Shao JH , Luo LL , Yang L , Shi FD , Liu Y 
Published: April 2015

Background: Cognitive dysfunction is frequently seen in neuromyelitis optica (NMO). However, the features and influencing factors of cognitive impairment of Chinese NMO patients are unclear. Objective: To investigate the patterns of cognitive impairment in Chinese NMO patients, and correlate the neuropsychiatric scores with clinical and MRI parameters. Methods: Thirty-six Chinese NMO patients, and 30 sex and age-matched healthy controls were recruited with extensive neuropsychological assessments, using the modified Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in MS (MACFIMS). The demographic and clinical characteristics as well as MRI parameters were compared between cognitively impaired (CI) and cognitively preserved (CP) patients. Results: NMO patients were significantly impaired in the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task ( P<0.05), the Symbol Digit Modalities Test ( P<0.001), the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition ( P<0.05), the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised ( P<0.05) and semantic fluency ( P<0.001). Only lower education level was associated with cognitive dysfunction in NMO (odds ratio: 0.57, P<0.05). There were no significant differences of MRI parameters regarding white matter (WM) lesions, grey matter and WM brain volume between CI and CP patients. Conclusions: Chinese NMO patients particularly demonstrated cognitive impairment in information processing speed, executive function and memory. Lower education level was the main factor contributing to cognitive impairment in NMO.
Discourse relativity in Russian-English bilingual preschoolers’ classification of objects by gender
Authors: Nicoladis Elena , Da Costa Natalie , Foursha-Stevenson Cassandra 
Published: April 2015

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: We tested whether structural relativity (i.e. the grammatical gender of words in Russian) or discourse relativity (e.g. the language spoken, cultural attitudes toward objects) would influence preschool Russian–English bilingual children’s classification of toys as boys or girls. Design/methodology/approach: We asked 20 Russian–English bilingual children to classify toys as either boys or girls, once in Russian and once in English. Some of the toys had masculine names in Russian, some feminine and some neuter. Data and analysis: We compared the children’s classifications of the toys between languages and within the items differing on gender (i.e. masculine, feminine and neuter) in Russian. Findings/conclusions: We found some weak support for structural relativity affecting children’s classifications. We found stronger effects that could be attributed to how language is used within a culture: the children classified the toys as boys more often in Russian than in English, and showed strong correlations between their two languages in how they classified toys as well as strong correlations with English monolingual adults’ classifications of the same items. Originality: This study tests the developmental course of language relativity, relying on data from bilingual children. Significance/implications: These results are consistent with a developmental account of language relativity in which some aspects of discourse relativity can emerge early, but structural relativity effects do not emerge until the middle childhood years.
Changes in Gross Tumor Volume and Organ Motion Analysis During Neoadjuvant Radiochemotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Using an In-House Analysis System
Authors: Kessel Kerstin A. , Jäger Andreas , Habermehl Daniel , Rüppell Jan , Bendl Rolf , Debus Jürgen , Combs Stephanie E. 
Published: April 2015

Background and Purpose: During radiation treatment, movement of the target and organs at risks as well as tumor response can significantly influence dose distribution. This is highly relevant in patients with pancreatic cancer, where organs at risk lie in close proximity to the target. Material and Methods: Data sets of 10 patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer were evaluated. Gross tumor volume deformation was analyzed. Dose changes to organs at risk were determined with focus on kidneys both without adaptive radiotherapy compensation and with replanning based on weekly acquired computed tomography scans. Results: During irradiation, gross tumor volume changes between 0% and 26% and moves within a radius of 5 to 16 mm. Required maximal dose to organs at risk for kidneys can be met with the current practice of matching computed tomography scans during treatment and adjusting patient position accordingly. Comparison of the mean doses and V15, V20 volumes demonstrated that weekly replanning could bring a significant dose sparing of the left kidney. Conclusion: Manual matching with focus on bony structures can lead to overall acceptable positioning of patients during treatment. Thus, tolerance doses of organs at risk, such as the kidneys, can be met. With adequate margins, normal tissue constraints to organs at risk can be kept as well. Adaptive radiotherapy approaches (in this case with weekly rescanning) reduced dose to organs at risk, which may be especially important for hypofractionated approaches.
Examining the Influence of Family Dynamics on Quality of Care by Informal Caregivers of Patients With Alzheimer’s Dementia in Argentina
Authors: Panyavin Ivan , Trujillo Michael A. , Peralta Silvina Victoria , Stolfi Miriam E. , Morelli Eliana , Perrin Paul B. , Lasa Javier Peña , Arango-Lasprilla Juan Carlos 
Published: April 2015

Purpose: This study examined the pattern of family dynamics of Argentinian individuals with dementia that most heavily influences the quality of care provided by family caregivers (CGs). Method: One hundred and two CGs of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease in Argentina participated in this study. The majority (75%) were female, with an average age of 57.8 years (standard deviation = 13.5) and had spent a median of 48 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 36.00-60.00) providing care to their family member with dementia, devoting a median of 60 hours (IQR: 50.00-80.00) per week to these duties. Caregivers completed Spanish versions of instruments assessing their family dynamics and quality-of-care provision. Results: Hierarchical regression analyses suggested that higher quality of informal care (Provide and Respect) was related to greater levels of empathy and reduced levels of overall dysfunction in CGs’ families. Higher quality of care—Provide was also related to shorter duration of time (in months) spent providing care. Conclusion: Dementia CG interventions in Latino populations would likely benefit from addressing difficulties experienced when providing care for a prolonged period of time, as well as programming or techniques to improve family dynamics, especially family empathy and general functioning, given the strong reciprocal influence of these factors on CG quality of care.
Outcome of arthroscopic reduction association of the scapholunate joint
Authors: Koehler S. M. , Guerra S. M. , Kim J. M. , Sakamoto S. , Lovy A. J. , Hausman M. R. 
Published: April 2015

This study evaluates the arthroscopic reduction association scapholunate technique and outcomes. A total of 18 patients with chronic scapholunate instability with mean follow-up of 36 months were reviewed. Postoperatively, the mean visual analogue score was 2.5 and the mean DASH score was 8. The grip strength was 27 kg on the operative side compared with 32 kg on the uninjured side. The mean wrist flexion was 46° and extension was 56°. Seven patients had complications. Six patients had scapholunate joint widening, one had windshield-wipering of the screws with loss of reduction, and two demonstrated progression of scapholunate advanced collapse deformity. Four patients underwent revision surgeries: two revision arthroscopic reduction association scapholunates and two proximal row carpectomies. A preoperative scapholunate gap of greater than 5 mm and the presence of scapholunate advanced collapse Grade I were both predictive of a complication or revision surgery. Patients with a scapholunate gap of greater than 5 mm or scapholunate advanced collapse had statistically higher complications rates. Level of Evidence IV.