bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Localization of Excitons in Thin Core-Multi-Shell Quantum Well Tubes
Authors: Shi Teng , Jackson Howard E. , Smith Leigh Morris , Yarrison-Rice Jan M. , Wong Bryan , Etheridge Joanne , Jiang Nian , Gao Qiang , Tan Hark Hoe , Jagadish Chennupati 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTRecently, Fickenscher et al. [1] have shown that, in a core-multi-shell structure where a GaAs quantum well is embedded into an AlGaAs shell wrapped around a [111] oriented GaAs nanowire, the electron and hole ground states are strongly confined to the corners of the hexagonally symmetric quantum well. Thus this confinement defines quantum wires which run along the length of the nanowires along its corners. Here we review single nanowire photoluminescence measurements which show the significant confinement energy of the excitons. For well widths larger than 5 nm, optical transitions between electron and hole excited states can be seen in excitation spectra, while for widths less than 5 nm only the ground state optical transitions are observed. For well widths smaller than 5 nm, high resolution spatially resolved photoluminescence measurements show directly the appearance of localized states. Single nanowire spectra from the 4 nm QWT sample display ultranarrow emission lines on the high energy side of the luminescence band. Spatially-resolved PL images show that these quantum dots are localized randomly along the length of the wire.
Analysis of Rheological State of SBS Modified Bitumens Based on Viscosity Measurements
Authors: Zieliński K. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract Each bitumen has a slightly different group composition, thus bitumen modification with the SBS copolymer gives slightly different results in each case. Both in the industry and construction practice there is still no simple method available which would allow the evaluation of the impact of SBS content and the group composition of bitumen on the structural and rheological properties of the polymer bitumen mix. The article presents the results of the dynamic viscosity tests of three bitumen types. Based on the analysis of the results obtained, it was found that changes in the rheological properties caused by SBS additive are characteristic for each of the bitumens tested and their chemical and group composition. They are also proportionate to the amount of the modifier added. In order to have a possibility to measure this impact, three coefficients rheologically characterizing polymer and bitumen mixes were applied.
METROLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A/D CONVERTERS UTILIZING HIGHER ORDER SIGMA–DELTA MODULATORS COMPARED WITH A/D CONVERTERS WITH MODULATORS OF FIRST ORDER
Authors: Sidor Tadeusz 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Time domain analysis is used to determine whether A/D converters that employ higher order sigma-delta modulators, widely used in digital acoustic systems, have superior performance over classical synchronous A/D converters with modulators of first order when taking into account their important metrological property which is the magnitude of the quantization error. It is shown that the quantization errors of delta-sigma A/D converters with higher order modulators are exactly on the same level as for converters with a first order modulator.
HIGH RESOLUTION TIME-INTERVAL MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS APPLIED TO FLOW MEASUREMENT
Authors: Grzelak Sławomir , Kowalski Marcin , Czoków Jarosław , Zieliński Marek 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The designing process of high resolution time interval measurement systems creates many problems that need to be eliminated. The problems are: the latch error, the nonlinearity conversion, the different duty cycle coefficient of the clock signal, and the clock signal jitter. Factors listed above affect the result of measurement. The FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) structure also imposes some restrictions, especially when a tapped delay line is constructed. The article describes the high resolution time-to-digital converter, implemented in a FPGA structure, and the types of errors that appear there. The method of minimization and processing of data to reduce the influence of errors on the measurement is also described.
POWER GRID IMPEDANCE TRACKING WITH UNCERTAINTY ESTIMATION USING TWO STAGE WEIGHTED LEAST SQUARES
Authors: Borkowski Dariusz , Barczentewicz Szymon 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The paper presents a new method for simultaneous tracking of varying grid impedance and its uncertainty bounds. Impedance tracking consists of two stages. In the first stage, the actual noise estimate is obtained from least squares (LS) residua. In the second stage, the noise covariance matrix is approximated with the use of residual information. Then weighted least squares (WLS) method is applied in order to estimate impedance and background voltage. Finally uncertainty bounds for impedance estimation are computed. The robustness of the method has been verified using simulated signals. The proposed method has been compared to sliding LS. The results have shown, that the method performs much better than the LS for all considered cases, even in the presence of significant background voltage variations.
SURFACE IRREGULARITIES AS A COMPLEX SIGNAL OF TOOL REPRESENTATION TOGETHER WITH UNEVEN DISPLACEMENT IN RESPECT TO THE WORKPIECE
Authors: Boryczko Adam , Rytlewski Wojciech 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
In a dynamic machining process, distortion in surface irregularity is a very complex phenomenon. Surface irregularities form a periodic representation of the tool profile with various kinds of disturbance in a broad range of changes in the height and length of the profile. To discern these irregularity disturbances, interactions of the tool in the form of changes perpendicular and parallel relative to the workpiece were analyzed and simulated. The individual kinds of displacement of the tool relative to the workpiece introduce distortions in the changes of height and length. These changes are weakly represented in standard height and length irregularity parameters and their discernment has been found through amplitude-frequency functions.
SURFACE TEXTURE ANALYSIS AFTER BALL END MILLING WITH VARIOUS SURFACE INCLINATION OF HARDENED STEEL
Authors: Wojciechowski Szymon , Twardowski Paweł , Wieczorowski Michał 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
In this paper, an analysis of various factors affecting machined surface texture is presented. The investigation was focused on ball end mill inclination against the work piece (defined by surface inclination angle a. Surface roughness was investigated in a 3D array, and measurements were conducted parallel to the feed motion direction. The analysis of machined surface irregularities as a function of frequency (wavelength A), on the basis of the Power Density Spectrum - PDS was also carried out. This kind of analysis is aimed at valuation of primary factors influencing surface roughness generation as well as its randomness. Subsequently, a surface roughness model including cutter displacements was developed. It was found that plain cutting with ball end mill (surface inclination angle a= 0°) is unfavorable from the point of view of surface roughness, because in cutter’s axis the cutting speed vc ~ 0 m/min. This means that a cutting process does not occur, whereas on the machined surface some characteristics marks can be found. These marks do not appear in case of a* 0°, because the cutting speed vc * 0 on the fill I length of the active cutting edge and as a result, the machined surface texture is more homogenous. Surface roughness parameters determined on the basis of the model including cutter displacements are closer to experimental data for cases with inclination angles a* 0°, in comparison with those determined for plain cutting (a= 0°). It is probably caused by higher contribution in surface irregularities generation of plastic and elastic deformations cumulated near the cutter’s free end than kinematic and geometric parameters, as well as cutter displacements.
On Lattice-Ordered Rees Matrix Γ-Semigroups
Authors: Hila Kostaq , Pisha Edmond 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to introduce and give some properties of l-Rees matrix Γ-semigroups. Generalizing the results given by Guowei and Ping, concerning the congruences and lattice of congruences on regular Rees matrix Γ-semigroups, the structure theorem of l-congruences lattice of l - Γ-semigroup M = μº(G : I; L; Γe) is given, from which it follows that this l-congruences lattice is distributive.
Teaching Medical Students to Develop an ‘Appropriate’ Relationship with the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Shankar Ravi P 
Published: March 2014

Considering the studies reported in the literature and trends in developed nations, teaching students about pharmaceutical promotion and how to deal with it should be an important part of the medical school curriculum. Appropriate interaction of doctors in the teaching hospital with MRs is essential as they serve as role models for students and as a strong influence on their future behavior. The hospital drug/medicine and therapeutics committee has an important role to play in this regard. The HAI-WHO manual on pharmaceutical promotion can be used as a guide for conducting sessions for students. Sensitizing students about pharmaceutical promotion and helping them develop an ‘appropriate’ relationship during their professional career is the need of the hour! DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v4i1.10124 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2014;4 (1): 299-300
Case Based Approach in Pharmacology: A Novel Approach
Authors: Banerjee Indrajit 
Published: March 2014

Case Oriented approach in Pharmacology will be helpful to know/study all the basic science in an integrated manner. This approach is a better approach so that the medical student will get the clinical scenario in the beginning of the topic. It will be also be effective tool for the students to solve the problem based questions and also they will learn the role of the clinical pharmacology too. Thus case oriented approach in teaching pharmacology will make Pharmacology more interesting subject. Recently based on certain evidences it was found out that basic science medical curriculum is based on clinical approach in which pharmacology is one integrated component in a holistic approach to teaching and learning methodology. One major problem of teaching pharmacology is that a student doesn’t see patients in basic science teaching and learning method. This problem can be solved to some extent by this novel case oriented approach in Pharmacology.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v4i1.10125 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2014;4 (1): 301-305
Impact of ethnicity, unemployment and economy on mental disorders : A study from Western Nepal
Authors: Banerjee Indrajit , Banerjee Indraneel , Roy Bedanta , Sathian Brijesh , Kadkha Shovit , Chakraborty Prasanta Kumar , Saha Archana , Pugazhandhi Bakthavatchalam 
Published: March 2014

Background: The causes of mental health problems and ethnic variation are poorlyunderstood. The main objective of the study was to find out about psychiatricdiseases which frequently occur in Western Nepal for which hospitalization isrequired. The specific objective was to research about theeconomic condition ofthe psychiatric patients and the prevalence of common psychiatric disorderwitnessed among hospitalized patients who belong to diverse ethnic and culturalgroups in Western Nepal. Materials and Methods: It was a cross sectional studywhich was conducted in between 1st October 2009 and 31th March 2010 between at Manipalteaching hospital, Pokhara, Nepal. Odds ratios and adjusted odds ratio andtheir 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. p < 0.05 wasconsidered as statistically significant. Results: Out of 240 cases the commonestcases of psychiatric disorders include Schizophrenia, Schizotypal and DelusionDisorders 36.3%, Mood Disorders 27.9%, Neurotic, stress-related and somatoformdisorders 15.8%. Study based on ethnicity revealed that the majority ofpatients were Dalit [n= 72] followed by Brahmin [n = 66], Chettri [n = 46],Newar [n = 19], Gurung [n = 17], others [n = 13] and Magar and Pun [n = 7].Most of the patients were <40yrs [n=191] unemployed [n=199], monthly familyincome <10000 NPR/month [n= 187], students [n = 102] housewives [n = 74,], job holders [n= 17]. Study showed that Mental and Behavioural disorder due toPsychoactive Substance abuse, Schizophrenia, Schizotypal and Delusion DisordersMood (Affective) Disorders, Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorderswere prevalent among unemployed patients [OR 8.170(CI 1.062, 62.853)], [OR3.033(CI 1.334, 6.897)], [OR 0.413(CI 0.199, 0.856)[OR 0.228(CI 0.089,0.583)]as compared to employed patients(p=0.001). Conclusion: Schizophrenia was the commonestpsychiatric disorder among the low socio-economic class of like Dalits. The study showed that culture based differences concerning mental health is furthermediated by poverty, unemployment and dearth of family income which leads tohigh prevalence of psychiatric illness among Nepalese population. Based on thefinding of the study, interventions should target these factors to minimise theload of various psychiatric illness among poor Dalit Nepalese population.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v4i1.10132Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2014;4 (1): 306-315Keywords:Culture, Ethnicity,Nepal, Psychiatry
Reporting Adverse Drug Reactions Among Hospitalized Medical Patients: A Prospective Study From Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Nepal
Authors: Alam Kadir , Shakya R , Ojha P 
Published: March 2014

Background The risk of adverse drug reaction ranges nearly from zero to high level depending upon the drug itself and the patient factor. The process of detection, assessment, monitoring and reporting of adverse drug reaction is necessary to prevent its occurrence in future. Materials and Methods Information related to suspected Adverse Drug Reactions(ADRs) were collected by pharmacists from general medical ward using ADRs reporting form from Manipal Teaching Hospital (MTH)during ward rounds. The details of suspected drug, drug reaction and all related data were documented. Naranjo Algorithm, modified Hartwig and Siegel and modified Shumock and Thornton scale were used for assessment of causality, severity and preventability respectively. All suspected ADRs were reported to National Pharmacovigilance Center and then to Uppsala Monitoring centre through the electronic online data base named Vigiflow. Results Among 1,105 patients, 51 patients experienced ADR (4.61%). Incidents of ADRs were higher with antibiotics (47.06%) and Ceftriaxone was at top of list (15.69 %). Dermatological system (25.49%) and gastrointestinal system (19.61%) were affected more. About 33.33% of suspected drugs were discontinued. About 41.18% of ADRs required medical treatment where antihistaminic (24.32%) and antipruritic (21.62%) were most commonly used to treat ADRs. To sum up, 64.71% of ADRs were probable, 62.75% were mild in nature and 60.78% were probably preventable. Conclusion Finding of the study suggests that ADRs still pose serious health threat among hospitalized patients and as a matter of fact over 60% of them are preventable. Reporting of ADR scan provide effective measures to prevent the occurrence in the future in which the role of pharmacist is vital.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v4i1.10135 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2014;4 (1): 330-336
Finding the right title for your article: Advice for academic authors
Authors: Van Teijlingen E , Ireland J , Hundley V , Simkhada P , Sathian Brijesh 
Published: March 2014

On reading the title of an article the reader can sometimes wonder what the author is trying to say, as the title seems so far removed from the research covered in the article. Do such authors forget that many readers of health and medical journals browse the list of contents (in a paper or electronic format) and use titles to select the article that attracts attention? Academic authors are often not clear enough in the titles of their articles, and hence may not attract as large a readership as possible. Any author would want their article to be read and cited, and to stand out in a crowded Table of Contents or a list of papers found in a search on electronic databases.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v4i1.10138 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2014;4 (1): 344-347
Ice Thickness Sensor for Overhead Transmission Lines Based on Capacitance Sensing
Authors: Dou Yinke , Chang Xiaomin , Dun Zhuo , Yuan Kaiqi , Xue Ying 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
A transmission line ice thickness real-time simulation and online monitoring system were designed by using the coplanar multi-point capacitance sensor technology. The capacitance sensing type ice thickness sensor is used in the system to detect the metal electrode capacitance change on various positions surrounding the analog transmission line, and verify the ice thickness on analog line. By theoretical analysis and simulation of a plurality of coplanar metal line electrode fields and capacitors, as well as the freezing test of the system in low temperature, the system is validated to have the feasibility of monitoring the ice thickness of transmission lines.
Book Reviews
Authors: Collier Peter , Macdonald Neil , Whited Tamara L. , Miller Char , Gaynor Andrea 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Daniel E. Orenstein, Allon Tal and Char Miller, eds., Between Ruin and Restoration: An Environmental History of Israel (Peter Collier)
Emily O'Gorman, Flood Country: An Environmental History of the Murray-Darling Basin (Neil Macdonald)
Chris Pearson, Mobilizing Nature: The Environmental History of War and Militarization in Modern France (Tamara L. Whited)
John Wills, US Environmental History: Inviting Doomsday (Char Miller)
Christopher C. Sellers, Crabgrass Crucible: Suburban Nature and the Rise of Environmentalism in Twentieth-Century America (Andrea Gaynor)
ARTICLE RETIRÉ : Le manteau cloacal : Hypothèses psychodynamiques concernant l'incurie des sujets SDF
Authors: Mathieu Franck 
Published: April 2014

La pratique clinique avec les sujets SDF confronte à un phénomène tout à fait particulier : l’incurie. Malgré les ressources matérielles offertes aux individus pour subvenir à leur hygiène, on constate un véritable « lâcher prise » relatif aux soins personnels et ce, à un point gravissime. Très vite, l’errant s’enveloppe dans des odeurs, dans des substances corporelles. C’est un « manteau cloacal » qui recouvre le corps, et impacte les relations. Par une confrontation de données psychiatriques, psycho-dynamiques et anthropologiques, l’auteur propose de considérer cette « seconde peau » comme une défense servant à pallier les trous de l’enveloppe psychique, esquissant un territoire subjectif, mais également rétablissant une forme de communication archaïque avec l’objet.
L'éthique chamanique et l'esprit du néolibéralisme coréen
Authors: Kim Hong Jung 
Published: April 2014

Cet article a pour but d’éclairer théoriquement l’affinité sélective entre chamanisme et survivalisme, dans une société coréenne néolibérale. Nous analysons l’apparition d’un régime éthico-culturel de la société coréenne, après la crise financière de 1997, au travers du concept de régime du cœur. Il s’agit du survivalisme, qui définit la survie de l’individu dans l’arène de la concurrence comme la valeur capitale de la vie. Nous pensons que le survivalisme est une idéologie dont l’origine religieuse se trouve dans le chamanisme coréen. Ainsi, nous analysons la logique de l’éthique chamanique en trois termes : eudémonisme, pragmatisme, kratophanie. Ce faisant, nous présentons une esquisse théorique de la sociologie du cœur visant à révéler la structure du « cœur époqual ». Dans cette recherche, nous dégageons la structure triangulaire du cœur dominant de la société coréenne néolibérale, à savoir la constellation constituée par régime du social (néolibéralisme), régime du cœur (survivalisme), et son origine religieuse (chamanisme).
Représentations sociales des « ramyeons » en Corée
Authors: Park Jung Ho , Park Sun Woong 
Published: April 2014

L’objectif de cet article est de comprendre les représentations sociales des « ramyeons », qui sont l’un des aliments les plus populaires en Corée. En partant de l’analyse de la place particulière qu’elles occupent dans le système de classification des nourritures coréennes, cet article commence par mettre en évidence la raison d’être de cet aliment et l’imaginaire qui l’entoure. Dans un deuxième temps, il propose une analyse des caractéristiques magiques des ramyeons et des représentations ambiguës qui s’expriment dans leur mise en scène cinématographique. Ensuite, nous allons montrer dans quelle mesure les ramyeons deviennent aujourd’hui un aliment post-moderne en se libérant de la catégorie de la « nourriture industrialisée ».
Mon prince charmant parle coréen : les fans de K-Pop en France et Lituanie
Authors: Hyun Jeong Im 
Published: April 2014

Depuis quelques années, l’Occident non seulement découvre la K-Pop et la culture populaire coréenne, mais semble de plus succomber à son charme... On observe sa grande popularité jusque dans un petit pays comme la Lituanie. On a pu expliquer que le facteur décisif de ce succès était l’investissement du gouvernement sud-coréen dans les produits de culture populaire pour gagner en « soft power » sur la scène politique internationale. Cet article n’est pas de cet avis : ce point de vue est trop étroit. Pour savoir pourquoi et comment on devient fan de K-Pop, l’auteure a mené une étude de terrain en France et en Lituanie ; elle a découvert des fans de K-Pop de ces deux pays qui ont suivi le même chemin : ils ont été influencés par la culture populaire japonaise, ont gardé une fascination pour la culture d’Extrême-Orient et utilisé Internet pour satisfaire leurs goûts et leurs désirs. Le phénomène K-Pop illustre que l’origine de nos désirs et goûts individuels ne vient pas tellement de moi mais surtout de nous , et que le désir est contagieux. De nos jours, sa viralité peut atteindre un niveau mondial en très peu de temps, mais en corollaire sa durée peut être très courte.
Two‐dimensional distribution of relaxation time and water content from surface nuclear magnetic resonance
Authors: Dlugosch Raphael , Günther Thomas , Müller‐Petke Mike , Yaramanci Ugur 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTDevelopment in instrumentation and data analysis of surface nuclear magnetic resonance has recently moved on from one‐dimensional (1D) soundings to two‐dimensional (2D) surveys, opening the method to a larger field of hydrological applications. Current analysis of 2D data sets, however, does not incorporate relaxation times and is therefore restricted to the water content distribution in the subsurface.We present a robust 2D inversion scheme, based on the qt approach, which jointly inverts for water content and relaxation time by taking the complete data set into account. The spatial distribution of relaxation time yields structural information of the subsurface and allows for additional petrophysical characterization. The presented scheme handles separated loop configurations for increased lateral resolution. Assuming a mono‐exponential relaxation in each model cell, using irregular meshes, and gate‐integrating the signal, the size of the inverse problem is significantly reduced and can be handled on a standard personal computer.A synthetic study shows that contrasts in both the quantities – water content and relaxation time – can be imaged. Inversion of a field data set outlines a buried glacial valley and allows the distinguishing of two aquifers with different grain sizes, which can be concisely interpreted together with a resistivity profile. The impact of the anisotropic weighting factor and subsurface resistivity on the inversion result are shown and discussed. A comparison of the results obtained by the previously used initial value and time‐step inversion approaches illustrates the improved stability and resolution capabilities of the 2D qt inversion scheme.