bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
YIELD, NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY AND GRAIN QUALITY IN DURUM WHEAT AS AFFECTED BY NITROGEN FERTILIZATION UNDER A MEDITERRANEAN ENVIRONMENT
Authors: IERNA ANITA , LOMBARDO GRAZIA MARIA , MAUROMICALE GIOVANNI 
Published: June 2015

SUMMARYLimited information is available concerning the influence of nitrogen fertilization jointly on yield response, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and grain quality of durum wheat under semi-arid Mediterranean conditions. The study focused on evaluating, through a systematic study, over three seasons in southern Italy the effects of three nitrogen fertilization rates (0, 80 and 160 kg N ha−1– N0, N80and N160), on grain yield, yield components, nitrogen efficiency indices and grain quality characteristics of three durum wheat genotypes (‘Creso’, ‘Trinakria’ and ‘Line 25’) from different breeding eras to achieve a more sustainable fertilization management of the durum wheat crop. We found that nitrogen fertilization at 80 kg N ha−1was able to maximize the yield performances (2.1 t ha−1year–1) of the crop and keep NUE index at an acceptable level (16.3 kg kg−1). On the other hand, nitrogen fertilization at 160 kg N ha−1improved grain quality measured through protein (up to 14.3%) and dry gluten concentration (up to 12.8%), but had a detrimental effect on grain yield and nitrogen efficiency. Among the genotypes studied, ‘Trinakria’ showed the greatest potential to utilize nitrogen fertilization to improve grain yield and NUE (at N80) and quality (at N160), ‘Line 25’ made good use of N80both for yield and quality, whereas ‘Creso’ proved wholly unresponsive to nitrogen. The effect of N fertilization on grain yield and N use efficiency depends on rainfall distribution, giving the best results when about 80% of total rainfall occurred from sowing to heading. Overall, our data show that in seasons with regular rainfall in quantity and distribution, combining no more than 80 kg ha−1of nitrogen fertilization with genotypes characterized by a more efficient response to nitrogen, is a useful tool to improve the agronomic and quality performance of the crop, ensuring, at the same time, a more environment-friendly nitrogen fertilization.
Predictors of outcome for telephone and face-to-face administered cognitive behavioral therapy for depression
Authors: Stiles-Shields C. , Corden M. E. , Kwasny M. J. , Schueller S. M. , Mohr D. C. 
Published: June 2015

BackgroundCognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can be delivered efficaciously through various modalities, including telephone (T-CBT) and face-to-face (FtF-CBT). The purpose of this study was to explore predictors of outcome in T-CBT and FtF-CBT for depression.MethodA total of 325 depressed participants were randomized to receive eighteen 45-min sessions of T-CBT or FtF-CBT. Depression severity was measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Classification and regression tree (CART) analyses were conducted with baseline participant demographics and psychological characteristics predicting depression outcomes, HAMD and PHQ-9, at end of treatment (week 18).ResultsThe demographic and psychological characteristics accurately identified 85.3% and 85.0% of treatment responders and 85.7% and 85.0% of treatment non-responders on the HAMD and PHQ-9, respectively. The Coping self-efficacy (CSE) scale predicted outcome on both the HAMD and PHQ-9; those with moderate to high CSE were likely to respond with no other variable influencing that prediction. Among those with low CSE, depression severity influenced response. Social support, physical functioning, and employment emerged as predictors only for the HAMD, and sex predicted response on the PHQ-9. Treatment delivery method (i.e. telephone or face-to-face) did not impact the prediction of outcome.ConclusionsFindings suggest that the predictors of improved depression are similar across treatment modalities. Most importantly, a moderate to high level of CSE significantly increases the chance of responding in both T-CBT and FtF-CBT. Among patients with low CSE, those with lower depressive symptom severity are more likely to do well in treatment.
Landscape patterns influence communities of medium- to large-bodied vertebrates in undisturbed terra firme forests of French Guiana
Authors: Richard-Hansen Cécile , Jaouen Gaëlle , Denis Thomas , Brunaux Olivier , Marcon Eric , Guitet Stéphane 
Published: June 2015

Abstract:Whereas broad-scale Amazonian forest types have been shown to influence the structure of the communities of medium- to large-bodied vertebrates, their natural heterogeneity at smaller scale or within the terra firme forests remains poorly described and understood. Diversity indices of such communities and the relative abundance of the 21 most commonly observed species were compared from standardized line-transect data across 25 study sites distributed in undisturbed forests in French Guiana. We first assessed the relevance of a forest typology based on geomorphological landscapes to explain the observed heterogeneity. As previously found for tree beta-diversity patterns, this new typology proved to be a non-negligible factor underlying the beta diversity of the communities of medium- to large bodied vertebrates in French Guianan terra firme forests. Although the species studied are almost ubiquitous across the region, they exhibited habitat preferences through significant variation in abundance and in their association index with the different landscape types. As terra firme forests represent more than 90% of the Amazon basin, characterizing their heterogeneity – including faunal communities – is a major challenge in neotropical forest ecology.
TEFREP: Épreuve de répétition de phrases en franco-québécois. Développement, validation et normalisation
Authors: Bourgeois-Marcotte Josiane , Wilson Maximiliano A. , Forest Martin , Monetta Laura 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTSentence repetition is part of the assessment tasks used to better characterise aphasic patients’ oral production. Moreover, impaired sentence and phrase repetition is a core feature of the logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia. The aim of this study is to present the TEFREP (TEst Français de RÉpétition de Phrases), a French sentence repetition task that manipulates psycholinguistic variables known to affect the performance of aphasic patients. The final version of the TEFREP consists of 24 sentences in which length, semantic reversibility and type of sentence have been manipulated. The task shows good psychometric properties (validity and reliability). Norms according to age and education level have been developed from a sample of 80 healthy adults and older adults. In conclusion, the TEFREP fulfills the current need for a reliable assessment tool of sentence repetition in Canadian French-speaking populations and contributes to the differential diagnosis of language impairment.
Genotyping of Leptospira directly in urine samples of cattle demonstrates a diversity of species and strains in Brazil
Authors: HAMOND C. , PESTANA C. P. , MEDEIROS M. A. , LILENBAUM W. 
Published: June 2015

SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to identify Leptospira in urine samples of cattle by direct sequencing of the secY gene. The validity of this approach was assessed using ten Leptospira strains obtained from cattle in Brazil and 77 DNA samples previously extracted from cattle urine, that were positive by PCR for the genus-specific lipL32 gene of Leptospira. Direct sequencing identified 24 (31·1%) interpretable secY sequences and these were identical to those obtained from direct DNA sequencing of the urine samples from which they were recovered. Phylogenetic analyses identified four species: L. interrogans, L. borgpetersenii, L. noguchii, and L. santarosai with the most prevalent genotypes being associated with L. borgpetersenii. While direct sequencing cannot, as yet, replace culturing of leptospires, it is a valid additional tool for epidemiological studies. An unexpected finding from this study was the genetic diversity of Leptospira infecting Brazilian cattle.
The New Religious Freedom: Secular Fictions and Church Autonomy
Authors: Scherer Matthew 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis article argues that a new form of religious freedom is emerging within the contentious field of United States politics today. Despite the commitment to separating church and state that is characteristic of American secularism, implementation of the new religious freedom appears likely to contribute to processes that are actively reshaping religious and political landscapes. Recent US Supreme Court cases such asHosanna-Tabor v. EEOCandBurwell v. Hobby Lobby, Inc. present clear examples and this article uses the former case to bring the dynamics of the new religious freedom to light. The push for religious freedom in contemporary United States law and politics should be assessed in terms of its transformative consequences in both “religious” and “political” spheres. These consequences include refashioning religious communities as increasingly hierarchical and isolated enclaves, undermining the rights and freedoms of citizens, and further fracturing the public sphere.
Bending with the Wind: Revisiting Islamist Parties’ Electoral Dilemma
Authors: Yildirim A. Kadir , Lancaster Caroline M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIslamist parties' electoral performance is a hotly debated question. Two arguments dominate the literature in terms of Islamist parties' performance in democratic elections. The conventional argument has been the “one man, one vote, one time” hypothesis. More recently, Kurzman and Naqvi challenge this argument and show that Islamists tend to lose in free elections rather than win them. We argue that existing arguments fall short. Specifically, we theorize that moderateness of Islamist platform plays a key role in increasing the popularity of these parties and leads to higher levels of electoral support. Using data collected by Kurzman and Naqvi, we test our hypothesis, controlling for political platform and political economic factors in a quantitative analysis. We find that there is empirical support for our theory. Islamist parties' support level is positively associated with moderateness; however, this positive effect of moderation is also conditioned by economic openness.
Commentary on Part I of the Montreux Document on Pertinent International Legal Obligations and Good Practices for States Related to Operations of Private Military and Security Companies During Armed Conflict
Authors: Tougas Marie-Louise 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe Montreux Document on Private Military and Security Companies (Montreux Document) was adopted in 2008 by seventeen States to reaffirm and, as far as was necessary, clarify the existing obligations of States and other actors under international law, in particular under international humanitarian law (IHL) and international human rights law (IHRL). It also aimed at identifying good practices and regulatory options to assist States in promoting respect for IHL and IHRL by private military and security companies (PMSCs). Today, fifty-one States and three international organizations have endorsed the Montreux Document. It contains twenty-seven “Statements” – sections recalling the main international legal obligations of States in regard to the operations of PMSCs during armed conflicts. Each statement is the reaffirmation of a general rule of IHL, IHRL or State responsibility formulated in a way that clarifies its applicability to PMSC operations. This article aims to detail the basis of each legal obligation mentioned in the first part of the Montreux Document (Part I). The article follows the structure of Part I, in order to better facilitate its comprehension. The second part of the Montreux Document, relating to good practices, is not covered in this article.
Tests of Scholastic Aptitude Cover Reasoning Facets	Sufficiently
Authors: Schult Johannes , Fischer Franziska T. , Hell Benedikt 
Published: June 2015

Abstract. This study explores how reasoning facets relate to tests of scholastic aptitude and to academic performance. Intelligence test scores and academic aptitude test scores from freshman students in science (n = 284) and economics (n = 359) as well as subsequent grades from their first year in college were used to analyze structural equation models. The direct influence of reasoning facets on academic performance is fully mediated by academic aptitude test scores. Numeric abilities dominate the aptitude tests’ predictive power. Verbal reasoning explains a significant amount of aptitude test score variance in science but not in economics. The mediation analysis suggests that verbal, numeric, and figural reasoning are covered sufficiently by the aptitude tests.
Patient-Rated Outcome Assessment With the German Version of the	Outcome Questionnaire 45 in People With Severe Mental Illness
Authors: Puschner Bernd , Cosh Suzanne , Becker Thomas 
Published: June 2015

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and psychometric properties of the German version of the Outcome Questionnaire (Ergebnisfragebogen; EB-45) in people with severe mental illness (N = 294). Reliability and sensitivity to change were assessed. Convergent validity was examined through correlations with the measures Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS-D) and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), and predictive validity through correlation with length of inpatient stay. The EB-45 showed good reliability and sensitivity to change, as well as good internal consistency for the total score and the subscale “symptom distress.” The EB-45 was found to be acceptable and feasible for use within inpatient psychiatric settings. Also predictive validity was good. However, psychometric properties of the subscales “interpersonal relations” and “social role” were equivocal. Thus, interpreting subscale scores only is not advisable. Also low convergent validity is a concern. Taken together, the EB-45 can be recommended for outcome assessment in a wide range of mental health service settings including inpatient psychiatric services. However, treatment planning and evaluation of effectiveness of services for people with severe mental illness should not be based on EB-45 data alone.
Violent Lyrics = Aggressive Listeners?
Authors: Pieschl Stephanie , Fegers Simon 
Published: June 2015

Abstract. Research on music has had an impressive impact. For example, the semantic content of lyrics seems to cause associated short-term effects regarding cognition and affect. However, we argue that these effects might have been confounded by other musical parameters related to time, pitch, texture, or voice of the selected songs. This study overcame this methodological problem by using different versions of an experimentally manipulated song. In a 2 × 2 between-subjects design, 120 university students listened to four versions of a song with violent or prosocial lyrics presented in slow or fast tempo. As predicted by theories of priming, violent lyrics increased aggressive cognitions (word completion test) and aggressive affect (self-reported state anger) in comparison with prosocial lyrics. However, the reverse effects of prosocial lyrics on prosocial cognitions and prosocial affect could not be confirmed. Finally, the tempo of the song did not consistently increase self-reported arousal, and we did not find more extreme effects under conditions of fast tempo as predicted by the arousal-extremity model.
Genome-wide association study of corticobasal degeneration identifies risk variants shared with progressive supranuclear palsy
Authors: Kouri Naomi , Ross Owen A. , Dombroski Beth , Younkin Curtis S. , Serie Daniel J. , Soto-Ortolaza Alexandra , Baker Matthew , Finch Ni Cole A. , Yoon Hyejin , Kim Jungsu , Fujioka Shinsuke , McLean Catriona A. , Ghetti Bernardino , Spina Salvatore , Cantwell Laura B. , Farlow Martin R. , Grafman Jordan , Huey Edward D. , Ryung Han Mi , Beecher Sherry , Geller Evan T. , Kretzschmar Hans A. , Roeber Sigrun , Gearing Marla , Juncos Jorge L. , Vonsattel Jean Paul G. , Van Deerlin Vivianna M. , Grossman Murray , Hurtig Howard I. , Gross Rachel G. , Arnold Steven E. , Trojanowski John Q. , Lee Virginia M. , Wenning Gregor K. , White Charles L. , Höglinger Günter U. , Müller Ulrich , Devlin Bernie , Golbe Lawrence I. , Crook Julia , Parisi Joseph E. , Boeve Bradley F. , Josephs Keith A. , Wszolek Zbigniew K. , Uitti Ryan J. , Graff-Radford Neill R. , Litvan Irene , Younkin Steven G. , Wang Li-San , Ertekin-Taner Nilüfer , Rademakers Rosa , Hakonarsen Hakon , Schellenberg Gerard D. , Dickson Dennis W. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractCorticobasal degeneration (CBD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting movement and cognition, definitively diagnosed only at autopsy. Here, we conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in CBD cases (n=152) and 3,311 controls, and 67 CBD cases and 439 controls in a replication stage. Associations with meta-analysis were 17q21 at MAPT (P=1.42 × 10−12), 8p12 at lnc-KIF13B-1, a long non-coding RNA (rs643472; P=3.41 × 10−8), and 2p22 at SOS1 (rs963731; P=1.76 × 10−7). Testing for association of CBD with top progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) GWAS single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified associations at MOBP (3p22; rs1768208; P=2.07 × 10−7) and MAPT H1c (17q21; rs242557; P=7.91 × 10−6). We previously reported SNP/transcript level associations with rs8070723/MAPT, rs242557/MAPT, and rs1768208/MOBP and herein identified association with rs963731/SOS1. We identify new CBD susceptibility loci and show that CBD and PSP share a genetic risk factor other than MAPT at 3p22 MOBP (myelin-associated oligodendrocyte basic protein).
Crystallization of DNA-coated colloids
Authors: Wang Yu , Wang Yufeng , Zheng Xiaolong , Ducrot Étienne , Yodh Jeremy S. , Weck Marcus , Pine David J. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDNA-coated colloids hold great promise for self-assembly of programmed heterogeneous microstructures, provided they not only bind when cooled below their melting temperature, but also rearrange so that aggregated particles can anneal into the structure that minimizes the free energy. Unfortunately, DNA-coated colloids generally collide and stick forming kinetically arrested random aggregates when the thickness of the DNA coating is much smaller than the particles. Here we report DNA-coated colloids that can rearrange and anneal, thus enabling the growth of large colloidal crystals from a wide range of micrometre-sized DNA-coated colloids for the first time. The kinetics of aggregation, crystallization and defect formation are followed in real time. The crystallization rate exhibits the familiar maximum for intermediate temperature quenches observed in metallic alloys, but over a temperature range smaller by two orders of magnitude, owing to the highly temperature-sensitive diffusion between aggregated DNA-coated colloids.
Polymerase Θ is a key driver of genome evolution and of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis
Authors: van Schendel Robin , Roerink Sophie F. , Portegijs Vincent , van den Heuvel Sander , Tijsterman Marcel 
Published: June 2015

AbstractCells are protected from toxic DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) by a number of DNA repair mechanisms, including some that are intrinsically error prone, thus resulting in mutations. To what extent these mechanisms contribute to evolutionary diversification remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the A-family polymerase theta (POLQ) is a major driver of inheritable genomic alterations in Caenorhabditis elegans. Unlike somatic cells, which use non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) to repair DNA transposon-induced DSBs, germ cells use polymerase theta-mediated end joining, a conceptually simple repair mechanism requiring only one nucleotide as a template for repair. Also CRISPR/Cas9-induced genomic changes are exclusively generated through polymerase theta-mediated end joining, refuting a previously assumed requirement for NHEJ in their formation. Finally, through whole-genome sequencing of propagated populations, we show that only POLQ-proficient animals accumulate genomic scars that are abundantly present in genomes of wild C. elegans, pointing towards POLQ as a major driver of genome diversification.
Evidence for methane in Martian meteorites
Authors: Blamey Nigel J. F. , Parnell John , McMahon Sean , Mark Darren F. , Tomkinson Tim , Lee Martin , Shivak Jared , Izawa Matthew R. M. , Banerjee Neil R. , Flemming Roberta L. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe putative occurrence of methane in the Martian atmosphere has had a major influence on the exploration of Mars, especially by the implication of active biology. The occurrence has not been borne out by measurements of atmosphere by the MSL rover Curiosity but, as on Earth, methane on Mars is most likely in the subsurface of the crust. Serpentinization of olivine-bearing rocks, to yield hydrogen that may further react with carbon-bearing species, has been widely invoked as a source of methane on Mars, but this possibility has not hitherto been tested. Here we show that some Martian meteorites, representing basic igneous rocks, liberate a methane-rich volatile component on crushing. The occurrence of methane in Martian rock samples adds strong weight to models whereby any life on Mars is/was likely to be resident in a subsurface habitat, where methane could be a source of energy and carbon for microbial activity.
Aspartate Decarboxylase is Required for a Normal Pupa Pigmentation Pattern in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori
Authors: Dai Fangyin , Qiao Liang , Cao Cun , Liu Xiaofan , Tong Xiaoling , He Songzhen , Hu Hai , Zhang Li , Wu Songyuan , Tan Duan , Xiang Zhonghuai , Lu Cheng 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe pigmentation pattern of Lepidoptera varies greatly in different development stages. To date, the effects of key genes in the melanin metabolism pathway on larval and adult body color are distinct, yet the effects on pupal pigmentation remains unclear. In the silkworm, Bombyx mori, the black pupa (bp) mutant is only specifically melanized at the pupal stage. Using positional cloning, we found that a mutation in the Aspartate decarboxylase gene (BmADC) is causative in the bp mutant. In the bp mutant, a SINE-like transposon with a length of 493 bp was detected ~2.2 kb upstream of the transcriptional start site of BmADC. This insertion causes a sharp reduction in BmADC transcript levels in bp mutants, leading to deficiency of β-alanine and N-β-alanyl dopamine (NBAD), but accumulation of dopamine. Following injection of β-alanine into bp mutants, the color pattern was reverted that of the wild-type silkworms. Additionally, melanic pupae resulting from knock-down of BmADC in the wild-type strain were obtained. These findings show that BmADC plays a crucial role in melanin metabolism and in the pigmentation pattern of the silkworm pupal stage. Finally, this study contributes to a better understanding of pupa pigmentation patterns in Lepidoptera.