bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A role for YAP/FOXM1/Nrf2 axis in oxidative stress and apoptosis of cataract induced by UVB irradiation
Authors: Hong Yingying , Sun Yang , Ainiwaer Maierdanjiang , Xiao Binghe , Zhang Shaohua , Ning Li , Zhu Xiangjia , Ji Yinghong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the hypothesis that Yes‐associated protein (YAP) significantly regulates antioxidant potential and anti‐apoptosis in UVB‐induced cataract by exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms. To investigate the association between YAP and cataract, various experimental techniques were employed, including cell viability assessment, Annexin V FITC/PI assay, measurement of ROS production, RT‐PCR, Western blot assay, and Immunoprecipitation. UVB exposure on human lens epithelium cells (HLECs) reduced total and nuclear YAP protein expression, increased cleaved/pro‐caspase 3 ratios, decreased cell viability, and elevated ROS levels compared to controls. Similar Western blot results were observed in in vivo experiments involving UVB‐treated mice. YAP knockdown in vitro demonstrated a decrease in the protein expression of FOXM1, Nrf2, and HO‐1, which correlated with the mRNA expression, accompanied by an increase in cell apoptosis, caspase 3 activation, and the release of ROS. Conversely, YAP overexpression mitigated these effects induced by UVB irradiation. Immunoprecipitation revealed a FOXM1‐YAP interaction. Notably, inhibiting FOXM1 decreased Nrf2 and HO‐1, activating caspase 3. Additionally, administering the ROS inhibitor N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC) effectively mitigated the apoptotic effects induced by oxidative stress from UVB irradiation, rescuing the protein expression levels of YAP, FOXM1, Nrf2, and HO‐1. The initial findings of our study demonstrate the existence of a feedback loop involving YAP, FOXM1, Nrf2, and ROS that significantly influences the cell apoptosis in HLECs under UVB‐induced oxidative stress.
Perinatal Depression and Risk of Mortality: Nationwide, Register Based Study in Sweden
Authors: Hagatulah Naela , Bränn Emma , Oberg Anna Sara , Valdimarsdóttir Unnur A. , Shen Qing , Lu Donghao 
Published: July 2024

(Abstracted from BMJ 2024;384:e075462)
Depression during pregnancy or within a year of delivery is known as perinatal depression and affects up to 20% of women. Previous studies have linked perinatal depression to an increased risk of suicide, though there is little information about the overall mortality associated with it.
Outcome of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Not Altered With Transatlantic Airplane Transfer: A Bicentric Matched Case-control Study
Authors: Martino Frédéric , Trainel Milan , Guillaume Jessica , Schaffar Aurélien , Escalard Simon , Pons Adrien , Engrand Nicolas 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
It is recommended that ruptured cerebral aneurysms are treated in a high-volume center within 72 hours of ictus. We assessed the impact of long-distance aeromedical evacuation in patients presenting aSAH.

Methods:
This case-control study compared patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) who had a 6750 km air transfer from Guadeloupe (a Caribbean island) to Paris, France, for neurointerventional management in a tertiary center with a matched cohort from Paris region treated in the same center over a 10-year period (2010 to 2019). The 2 populations were matched on age, sex, World Federation of Neurological Surgeons score, and Fisher score. The primary outcome was a 1-year modified Rankin Scale score ≤3. Secondary outcomes included time from diagnosis to securing aneurysm, 1-year mortality, and a cost analysis.

Results:
Among 128 consecutive aSAH transferred from Guadeloupe, 93 were matched with 93 patients from the Paris area. The proportion of patients with 1-year modified Rankin Scale ≤3 (75% vs 82%, respectively; P= 0.5) and 1-year mortality (18% vs 14%, respectively; P= 0.2) was similar in the Guadeloupe and Paris groups. The median (interquartile range: Q1, Q3) time from diagnosis to securing the aneurysm was higher in the patients from Guadeloupe than those from Paris (48 [30, 63] h vs 23 [12, 24] h, respectively; P< 0.001). Guadeloupean patients received mechanical ventilation (58% vs 38%; P< 0.001) and external ventricular drainage (55% vs 39%; P= 0.005) more often than those from Paris. The additional cost of treating a Guadeloupe patient in Paris was estimated at 7580 Euros or 17% of the estimated cost in Guadeloupe.

Conclusions:
Long-distance aeromedical evacuation of patients with aSAH from Guadeloupe to Paris resulted in a 25-hour increase in time to aneurysm coiling embolization time but did not impact 1-year functional outcomes or mortality.
Improving Time to Antibiotics for Long-Bone Open Fractures: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Heslin Samita M. , King Candice , Schwaner Robert , Vosswinkel James , Singer Adam , Morley Eric J. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Open fractures, which are exposed to the external environment, are at a high risk of infection. Administering antibiotics within 60 minutes of emergency department (ED) arrival is crucial to prevent infection. However, this is difficult to achieve due to high ED patient volumes. The purpose of our project was to improve time to antibiotics for patients presenting with long-bone open fractures at a Level 1 trauma center ED. We used the Lean Six Sigma Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control project framework to guide our efforts. Our interventions composed of developing educational initiatives, creating an electronic medical record order set, and restructuring the ED workflow to prioritize long-bone open fractures for immediate evaluation and antibiotic administration in our critical care zone. After our intervention, the time to antibiotics for long-bone open fractures improved significantly, decreasing from 76 to 40 minutes (p < .001), with the percentage of patients receiving antibiotics within 60 minutes of ED arrival increasing from 64% to 92% (p < .001). Age, sex, mechanism of injury, antibiotic choice, and location of the open fracture remained consistent between the two groups. Our results highlight the successful application of process improvement methodologies in improving antibiotic administration time for long-bone open fractures.
Implementation of an Evidence-Based Treatment Protocol and Order Set for Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome
Authors: Luzum Nathan Robert , Beckius Anna , Heinrich Thomas W. , Stoner Kimberly 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is highly prevalent in hospital inpatients. Recent evidence supports use of phenobarbital and gabapentin in certain patients, and screening tools for severe withdrawal risk can be used to guide care. Inpatients with AWS should also be considered for evidence-based treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD).

Purpose:
The purpose of this quality improvement study was to monitor clinical outcomes and prescribing habits after updating an electronic order set for inpatient AWS management at a large, academic hospital.

Methods:
Protocol updates included use of the Prediction of Alcohol Withdrawal Severity Scale, phenobarbital and gabapentin protocols, and linkage to treatment resources. Data were collected for 10 months before and 14 months after implementation.

Results:
Intensive care unit (ICU) transfer rate decreased by 2.3%, whereas length of stay and readmissions were not significantly different. In patients treated with the order set, ICU transfer and length of stay outcomes were superior. Patients treated through the order set were more likely to receive evidence-based treatment for AWS and AUD.

Conclusions:
Electronic order sets can promote evidence-based practice for AWS. The updated protocol will remain in place at the study institution, with future efforts focused on education and ease of use to increase order set utilization.
Lymphadenopathy Tissue Sampling by EUS-Guided Fine-Needle Biopsy Contributes to Meeting the Conditions for Genomic Profiling
Authors: Sugimoto Mitsuru , Takagi Tadayuki , Suzuki Rei , Konno Naoki , Asama Hiroyuki , Sato Yuki , Irie Hiroki , Nakamura Jun , Takasumi Mika , Hashimoto Minami , Kato Tsunetaka , Hashimoto Yuko , Hikichi Takuto , Ohira Hiromasa 
Published: July 2024

Background and Aims:
EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) performed with a Franseen needle or Fork-tip needle enables greater tissue acquisition. However, it is unknown whether EUS-FNB could contribute to lymphadenopathy genomic profiling. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of EUS-FNB using a Franseen or Fork-tip needle for tissue acquisition and genomic profiling in patients with lymphadenopathy.

Patients and Methods:
Patients with abdominal lymphadenopathy who underwent EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA)/EUS-FNB were included in this study. The amount of acquired tissue and its suitability for genomic profiling were compared between FNA and FNB. Specimen quality was evaluated by a widely used pathologic adequacy scoring system (0: insufficient; 1 to 2: cytologic; 3: limited histologic; 4 to 5: sufficient histologic). The criteria of FoundationOne CDx (F1CDx) and NCC Oncopanel (NOP) were used to assess the suitability for genomic profiling.

Results:
In total, 72 patients underwent EUS-FNA, and the other 20 patients underwent EUS-FNB. The pathologic adequacy score and suitability for genomic profiling based on the criteria were significantly higher for FNB than for FNA [histologic adequacy score: 5 (4 to 5) versus 3 (0 to 5), P<0.01; F1CDx: 16.7% vs. 0%, P=0.01; NOP: 66.7% vs. 7.5%, P<0.01]. In multivariate analysis, EUS-FNB was identified as the only factor that influenced the suitability for genomic profiling based on the above-mentioned criteria (odds ratio 19.5, 95% CI: 3.74-102, P<0.01).

Conclusions:
EUS-FNB performed using Franseen or Fork-tip needles may result in greater lymphadenopathy tissue acquisition and thus enhanced suitability for genomic profiling compared with EUS-FNA.
Endoscopic Surveillance of Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia
Authors: Yoon Ji Yoon , Katcher Erik , Cohen Ella , Ward Stephen C. , Rouphael Carol , Itzkowitz Steven H. , Wang Christina P. , Kim Michelle K. , Shah Shailja C. 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) is a precancerous condition. Limited data exist on real-world clinical practice relative to guidelines.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate adherence to GIM risk stratification and identify factors associated with follow-up endoscopy.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted manual chart review of patients with histologically confirmed GIM at an urban, tertiary medical center were identified retrospectively and details of their demographics, Helicobacter pylori, biopsy protocol, endoscopic/histologic findings, and postendoscopy follow-up were recorded. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with follow-up endoscopy.

Results:
Among 253 patients, 59% were female, 37% non-Hispanic White (NHW), 26% Hispanic, 16% non-Hispanic Black (NHB). The median age at index endoscopy was 63.4 years (IQR: 55.9 to 70.0), with median follow-up of 65.1 months (IQR: 44.0 to 72.3). H. pylori was detected in 21.6% patients at index EGD. GIM extent and subtype data were frequently missing (22.9% and 32.8%, respectively). Based on available data, 26% had corpus-extended GIM and 28% had incomplete/mixed-type GIM. Compared with NHW, Hispanic patients had higher odds of follow-up EGD (OR=2.48, 95% CI: 1.23-5.01), while NHB patients had 59% lower odds of follow-up EGD (OR=0.41, 95% CI: 0.18-0.96). Corpus-extended GIM versus limited GIM (OR=2.27, 95% CI: 1.13-4.59) was associated with follow-up EGD, but GIM subtype and family history of gastric cancer were not.

Conclusions:
We observed suboptimal risk stratification among patients with GIM and notable race and ethnic disparities with respect to endoscopic surveillance. Targeted interventions are needed to improve practice patterns and mitigate observed disparities.
The Comparison of the Clinical Efficacy and Drug Tissue Distribution of Furazolidone and Tetracycline-quadruple Therapy in Helicobacter pylori Eradication
Authors: Peng Xiaoyin , Liang Yumei , Liu Yan , Zhang Juan , Chen Yong , Zhang Qi , Zeng Xiangchun , Huang Li 
Published: July 2024

Objective:

Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) is considered a main causative organism of gastric ulcers, gastric cancer and duodenal ulcers. The current treatment relies on a combination of antimicrobial agents and acid suppressant agents, but the eradication effect is not satisfactory. To clarify the concentration of antibiotics at the lesion site, we investigate the clinical efficacy and drug tissue distribution of the combination therapy of furazolidone and tetracycline in eradicating H. Pylori.

Materials and Methods:
Patients with H. pylori infection (n = 60) were randomized to either group A or B. Bismuth potassium citrate capsules 220 mg, omeprazole enteric-coated capsules 20 mg, amoxicillin capsules 1000 mg, each twice per day, and furazolidone tablets 500 mg were administered to group A. Group B was treated with bismuth potassium citrate capsules 220 mg, omeprazole enteric-coated capsules 20 mg, amoxicillin capsules 1000 mg, and tetracycline tablets 500 mg each twice per day for 2 weeks. The serum and gastric juice, gastric antrum, gastric horn, and gastric body samples were taken under a gastroscope on the 14th day. The antimicrobial concentrations in serum and tissue samples were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.

Results:
In the negative group of furazolidone, the concentrations of gastric antrum, gastric body, and gastric angle were significantly higher than those in the positive group (P = 0.017, 0.015, and 0.028). The concentrations of furazolidone in gastric fluid, gastric antrum, gastric angle, and gastric body were ∼421 times, 82 times, 17 times, and 51 times higher than those in serum, respectively. The concentrations of tetracycline in the serum and gastric angle of the tetracycline negative group were significantly higher than those in the positive group (P = 0.036 and 0.042), and the tetracycline concentrations in the gastric horn and gastric body were about 4 and 6 times higher than those in the serum, respectively. The concentration of amoxicillin in group B was higher than that in group A, especially in serum, gastric juice, gastric angle, and gastric body (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Furazolidone is mainly concentrated and sequentially distributed in gastric juice, gastric antrum, and gastric body tissue, and tetracycline is mainly distributed in serum, gastric angle, and gastric body, whereas amoxicillin is mainly distributed in serum, gastric juice, gastric angle, and gastric body. Improving the concentration and tissue distribution of antibacterial drugs in the human gastric mucosa is the key to ensuring the ideal eradication rate of quadruple therapy.
Donor selection in allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Barriga Francisco , Lima Alberto Cardoso Martins 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
Recent progress in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) characterization, increased accrual of unrelated donors and cord blood units, and a new platform for haploidentical transplantation have resulted in the widespread availability of donors for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Recent findings
Advances in HLA typing have identified an increasing number of loci and alleles that are crucial for successful transplantation. Newer HLA A, B, C, DRB1, and DQB1 alleles, DPB1 mismatches, and HLA B leader sequence matching are incorporated into donor selection algorithms. Donor selection is highly relevant because of recently published conflicting studies using different donor types. These studies are largely retrospective and compare patients with different diseases and stages, conditioning regimens, graft versus host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, and time periods. A broad consensus indicates that the best donor is an available matched sibling, followed by a matched unrelated donor, and then alternative donors such as haploidentical, mismatched unrelated, and cord blood units. This consensus is being challenged by other factors, such as donor age, patient condition, urgency of transplantation, and costs involved.

Summary
In this review, we will analyze the unique characteristics of each donor type, the HLA and non HLA factors that affect donor choices, and the outstanding comparative outcome studies of different donor usage in hematologic malignancies.
Single-Center Experience With Endovascular Therapy in Acute Occlusion of ICAS
Authors: Chen Kechun , Zhou Yin , Guo Gang , Wu Qiuyi 
Published: July 2024

Objectives:
The preferred endovascular therapy (EVT) for large-vessel occlusion in intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) is unknown. We compared the efficacy of preferred stent thrombectomy and preferred angioplasty in patients with acute large-vessel occlusion in ICAS.

Methods:
Data from consecutive EVT patients (May 2020 to September 2023) with acute middle cerebral artery occlusion in ICAS were retrospectively analyzed. Preferred angioplasty was performed if there was a preoperative “microcatheter first-pass effect;” otherwise, preferred stent thrombectomy was performed. Analyses were grouped according to the two EVT treatments. Clinical data of all patients, including the time from puncture to recanalization, rate of successful reperfusion, early neurological improvement, intracranial hemorrhage, and modified Rankin Scale score at 90 days, were recorded and analyzed.

Results:
Six-two patients were enrolled in this study (mean age was 60.66±13.21 y, 22.6% female). The preferred angioplasty group had a higher first-pass recanalization rate than the preferred stent thrombectomy group (61.3% vs. 21.9%, P<0.001) and a higher proportion of patients who were functionally independent (defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 3) at 90 days [odds ratio,3.681; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.009 to 13.428; P=0.048]. There was no significant difference between the groups in the time from puncture to recanalization, the frequency of successful reperfusion, and early neurological improvement, or intracranial hemorrhage (P>0.05).

Conclusions:
This study suggests that for acute middle cerebral artery occlusion in ICAS, preferred angioplasty may be a safe and effective procedure.
Does Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Administration Before Assisted Reproduction Techniques Improve Pregnancy Rates in Women With Endometriosis?
Authors: Panagodimou Evangelia K. , Kalogeropoulos Sotiris , Adonakis Georgios , Kaponis Apostolos 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Importance
Axial downregulation with a 3- to 6-month administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH-a) prior to assisted reproduction techniques has been proposed in order to improve clinical pregnancy rates in women with endometriosis. Although reduced inflammation, improved oocyte quality, and restored endometrial receptivity have been postulated, further investigation of their actual benefit and mechanism of action is considered essential. In that direction, well-designed clinical trials regarding the role of GnRH-a in IVF are necessary.

Objective
The purpose of this review is to clarify whether GnRH-a administration prior to IVF-FET procedures improves pregnancy rates in women with endometriosis.

Evidence Acquisition
A literature review was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane, and Google Scholar and concluded on September 10, 2022.

Results
Two Cochrane meta-analyses and 16 selected studies present various interesting data of assisted reproduction technique procedures on patients with endometriosis-related infertility with or without depot GnRH-a pretreatment.

Conclusions
The regimen may have a positive clinical effect on cases of severe endometriosis (American Society for Reproductive Medicine stages III–IV), but their use is not routinely recommended in order to improve pregnancy rates.

Relevance
Endometriosis and infertility are closely related through various pathogenetic mechanisms. Endometriosis has been traditionally considered to negatively affect fundamental aspects of the in vitro fertilization–frozen embryo transfer procedure. Numerous interventions, both medical and surgical, have been proposed in order to improve IVF success rates, and the optimal management of these cases poses an ever pressing challenge.

Target audience
Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians

Learning objectives
After completing this activity, the learner will be better able to describe the relationship between endometriosis and infertility, including implication of assisted reproduction techniques; discuss the role of GnRH-a pretreatment in IVF-FET procedures, in terms of results and underlying mechanism of action; and explain limitations of existing data and the need for further research.
Comparison of Efficacy of Vaginal Misoprostol Versus a Synthetic Osmotic Dilator (Dilapan-S) for Cervical Preparation Before Operative Hysteroscopy: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Nair Aiswarya K. , Subbaiah Murali , Maurya Dilip Kumar 
Published: July 2024

(Abstracted from Gynecol Minim Invasive Ther 12(2023) 225–229)
Standard procedure for treatment of uterine lesions includes operative hysteroscopy using the resectoscope. Cervical dilation is necessary before the procedure to prevent complications such as cervical laceration and uterine perforation.
Comprehensive Machine Learning-Based Preoperative Blood Features Predict the Prognosis for Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Wu Meixuan , Gu Sijia , Yang Jiani , Zhao Yaqian , Sheng Jindan , Cheng Shanshan , Xu Shilin , Wu Yongsong , Ma Mingjun , Luo Xiaomei , Zhang Hao , Wang Yu , Zhao Aimin 
Published: July 2024

(Abstracted from BMC Cancer 2024;24:267)
Ovarian cancer has a low survival rate and is the number one cause of tumor-related deaths among gynecologic cancers in the United States. One of the primary reasons for the poor outcomes is that 75% of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients are diagnosed at advanced stages due to subtle clinical symptoms and a lack of robust screening tools.
Two Randomized Trials of Low-Dose Calcium Supplementation in Pregnancy
Authors: Dwarkanath Pratibha , Muhihi Alfa , Sudfeld Christopher R. , Wylie Blair J. , Wang Molin , Perumal Nandita , Thomas Tinku , Kinyogoli Shabani M. , Bakari Mohamed , Fernandez Ryan , Raj John-Michael , Swai Ndeniria O. , Buggi Nirmala , Shobha Rani , Sando Mary M. , Duggan Christopher P. , Masanja Honorati M. , Kurpad Anura V. , Pembe Andrea B. , Fawzi Wafaie W. 
Published: July 2024

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2024;390:143–53)
Many maternal deaths globally are associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, which include preeclampsia. Several interventions have been investigated as possible preventive measures, one of which is calcium supplementation.
Postoperative Spindle Cell Nodule Mimicking Metastatic Lesion With Persistently Increasing 68Ga-FAPI-04 Uptake After Receiving Personalized Antigen Peptide Tumor Vaccine
Authors: Wang Yirong , Quan Zhiyong , Nie Yongzhan , Kang Fei , Wang Jing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A 59-year-old woman underwent radical surgery and chemotherapy for gastric adenocarcinoma. After the personalized antigen peptide tumor vaccine, a new nodular lesion, in the upper abdomen, was discovered during 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MRI follow-up. To determine possible pseudoprogression, 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MRI was repeated 39 days later, referring to immune PET response criteria in solid tumors. The lesion showed increased 68Ga-FAPI-04 uptake, whereas uptake in vaccine injection sites decreased, and was ultimately diagnosed as a postoperative spindle cell nodule.