bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bibliometric evaluation of pediatric neurosurgery in North America
Authors: Klimo Paul , Venable Garrett T. , Khan Nickalus R. , Taylor Douglas R. , Shepherd Brandon A. , Thompson Clinton J. , Selden Nathan R. 
Published: October 2014

Object
The application of bibliometric techniques to academic neurosurgery has been the focus of several recent publications. The authors provide here a detailed analysis of all active pediatric neurosurgeons in North America and their respective departments.

Methods
Using Scopus and Google Scholar, a bibliometric profile for every known active pediatric neurosurgeon in North America was created using the following citation metrics: h-, contemporary h-, g-, and e-indices and the m-quotient. Various subgroups were compared. Departmental productivity from 2008 through 2013 was measured, and departments were ranked on the basis of cumulative h- and e-indices and the total number of publications and citations. Lorenz curves were created, and Gini coefficients were calculated for all departments with 4 or more members.

Results
Three hundred twelve pediatric neurosurgeons (260 male, 52 female) were included for analysis. For the entire group, the median h-index, m-quotient, contemporary h-, g-, and e-indices, and the corrected g- and e-indices were 10, 0.59, 7, 18, 17, 1.14, and 1.01, respectively; the range for each index varied widely. Academic pediatric neurosurgeons associated with fellowship programs (compared with unassociated neurosurgeons), academic practitioners (compared with private practitioners), and men (compared with women) had superior measurements. There was no significant difference between American and Canadian pediatric neurosurgeons. The mean Gini coefficient for publications was 0.45 (range 0.18–0.70) and for citations was 0.53 (range 0.25–0.80).

Conclusions
This study represents the most exhaustive evaluation of academic productivity for pediatric neurosurgeons in North America to date. These results should serve as benchmarks for future studies.
Microsatellite primer development for post oak, Quercus stellata (Fagaceae)
Authors: Chatwin Warren B. , Carpenter Kyrie K. , Jimenez Felix R. , Elzinga Dave B. , Johnson Leigh A. , Maughan Peter J. 
Published: October 2014

• Premise of the study: The American Cross Timbers forest ecosystem runs from southeastern Kansas to Central Texas and is primarily composed of post oak (Quercus stellata). This old‐growth forest currently occupies only about 2% of its ancestral range. To facilitate genetic research on this species, we developed microsatellite primers specific to post oak from reduced genomic libraries.• Methods and Results: Two Q. stellata individuals, sampled from the northern and southern range of the post oak forest, were subject to genomic reduction and 454 pyrosequencing. Bioinformatic analysis identified putative microsatellites from which 12 polymorphic primer sets were screened on three populations. The number of alleles observed ranged from five to 20 across all populations, while observed and expected heterozygosity values ranged from 0.05 to 0.833 and 0.236 to 0.893, respectively, within individual populations.• Conclusions: We report the development of microsatellite markers, specific to post oak, to aid the study of genetic diversity and population structure of extant forest remnants.
Development of microsatellite markers for a tropical seagrass, Syringodium filiforme (Cymodoceaceae)
Authors: Bijak Alexandra L. , van Dijk Kor‐jent , Waycott Michelle 
Published: October 2014

• Premise of the study: A total of 17 polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for the tropical Atlantic seagrass Syringodium filiforme (Cymodoceaceae), enabling analysis of population genetic structure in this species for the first time.• Methods and Results: The 17 primers amplified di‐ and trinucleotide repeats revealing two to eight alleles per locus among the South Florida populations tested. In the analysis of two populations from the Florida Keys (Florida, USA), observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.063 to 0.905, although sampling was from relatively closely located populations so heterozygosity is expected to be higher across larger spatial scales. Multiplex PCRs consisting of two 6‐plex and one 5‐plex reactions were developed to maximize genotyping efficiency.• Conclusions: We present here 17 polymorphic markers that will be useful for the study of clonality and population structure of S. filiforme, a marine plant that forms extensive habitat throughout the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean.
Vitamin D Pathway Gene Variants and HCV-2/3 Therapy Outcomes
Authors: Cusato Jessica , Allegra Sarah , Boglione Lucio , Nicolò Amedeo De , Baietto Lorena , Cariti Giuseppe , Perri Giovanni Di , D'Avolio Antonio 
Published: October 2014

Background The combination of ribavirin and pegylated interferon-α is considered the standard of care for HCV-2/3 genotypes. The immune system plays a key role in the achievement of a sustained virological response (SVR). Vitamin D seems to influence antiviral response in chronic hepatitis C and its pathway is controlled by polymorphic genes such as CYP27B1, CYP24A1 and VDR. In this study, we have investigated the correlation among the treatment outcomes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the above-mentioned genes and IL28B genes. Methods A total of 112 HCV-2/3 patients treated with interferon plus ribavirin were retrospectively studied; allelic discrimination was performed by real-time PCR. Results CYP24A1rs2585428, IL28Brs12979860 and rs8099917 SNPs affected treatment failure and body mass index (BMI), Metavir score, IL28Brs8099917TT and CYP24A1rs2585428GG were the only factors able to predict it. SVR was predicted by Metavir score, HCV RNA at baseline and early virological response (EVR). IL28Brs12979860 SNP and HCV RNA were also related to rapid virological response. EVR was predicted by BMI, Metavir score and CYP24A1rs2585428 SNP. IL28Brs8099917TT and FokITT were relapse prediction factors. Conclusions In addition to non-genetic factors, SNPs in the vitamin D pathway seem to have a role in HCV-2/3 therapy outcomes. This study reveals the likely usefulness of pharmacogenetic-based ribavirin and interferon therapy to help identify patients for whom therapy could be successful or not, also considering new future expensive therapy options. To date, no similar data were published on these viral genotypes, but further studies in different and bigger cohorts are needed.
CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide Inhibits HBV Replication in a Hydro Dynamic Injection Murine Model
Authors: Hu Wei , Huang Hai , Zhang Ting-Yu , Mao Ying-Ying , Wang Xue-Jun , Wang Sheng-Qi 
Published: October 2014

Background Chronic HBV infection is a significant public health problem and one major cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV impairs the host immune system and results in immunotolerance, which is a major obstacle to HBV therapy. CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) is a strong immunostimulant which activates the innate immune response rapidly and has been shown to be an efficient therapy agent in viral infection treatment. Here, we report the anti-HBV activity of CpG-1826 in a hydrodynamic injection murine model. Methods CpG-1826 was administrated intraperitoneally every other day in HBV carrier mice established by tail vein hydrodynamic injection of HBV plasmids. The serum concentrations of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), HBV e antigen (HBeAg), HBV surface antibody (HBsAb), HBV core antibody (HBcAb), interferon-α (IFN-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were determined by ALT kit using a Spectramax Plus spectrophotometer. Hepatic HBV DNA was quantified by quantitative real-time PCR. The expression of HBV core antigen (HBcAg) in liver was detected by immunohistochemistry. Drug toxicity of CpG-1826 was evaluated by body weighting and liver histopathology confirmation. Results CpG-1826 administration inhibited HBV replication efficiently with significant reduction of serum HBsAg and HBeAg, hepatic HBcAg and HBV DNA levels. The serum levels of IFN-α, IFN-γ and HBsAb increased but the HBcAb level declined in the CpG-1826 group compared to CpG-1982 and PBS control groups. Results of ALT activity indicated no significant difference among CpG-1826 group, CpG-1982 and PBS control groups. Body weighting and histopathology examination showed no obvious toxicity. Conclusions Given the stimulation activity of a host immune system, CpG ODN is a promising strategy for HBV therapy with more relevant research needed.
Potential Association between Rosuvastatin use and High Atazanavir trough Concentrations in Ritonavir-Treated HIV-Infected Patients
Authors: Gervasoni Cristina , Riva Agostino , Rizzardini Giuliano , Clementi Emilio , Galli Massimo , Cattaneo Dario 
Published: October 2014

Background Emerging evidence shows that standard atazanavir (ATV) dosages are associated with considerable interindividual variability in plasma drug concentrations. Given the potential impact of ATV exposure on clinical outcome, in this retrospective study we sought to assess demographic and clinical factors influencing ATV plasma concentrations in a large cohort of HIV-infected patients. Methods HIV-infected patients treated with ATV for at least 3 months and with at least one assessment of ATV trough concentrations were enrolled. Blood trough samples were collected from all patients immediately before the next drug intake. Plasma ATV and ritonavir concentrations were quantified by a validated chromatographic method coupled with tandem mass spectrometric detection. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed using ATV plasma concentrations as the dependent variable, with demographic and clinical characteristics as the independent ones. Results A total of 273 HIV-infected adult patients were included in the present study. Factors significantly associated with increased ATV concentrations by univariate analysis were ATV dosage, number of concomitant drugs, ritonavir or statin use. However, with multivariate regression analysis, the only factors independently and significantly associated with ATV concentrations were ritonavir use ( r=0.291, P<0.0001) and concomitant rosuvastatin therapy ( r=0.315, P<0.0001). Conclusions We found that patients on ATV/ritonavir given rosuvastatin concomitantly have ATV concentrations that exceed the upper therapeutic threshold of 800 ng/ml known to be associated with a high risk of experiencing ATV-related side effects. In agreement with previous findings we confirmed the lack of association between other demographic and clinical characteristics such as age, gender, body weight and ATV exposure.
Lopinavir/Ritonavir plus Lamivudine and Abacavir or Zidovudine dose Ratios for Paediatric Fixed-Dose Combinations
Authors: Bouazza Naïm , Foissac Frantz , Fauchet Floris , Burger David , Kiechel Jean-René , Treluyer Jean-Marc , Capparelli Edmund V , Lallemant Marc , Urien Saïk 
Published: October 2014

Background Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) is available in a liquid formulation that is far from ideal for treatment of children in resource-poor settings. Flexible, low-cost, solid, oral fixed-dose combinations (FDC) of LPV/r with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (LPV/r/abacavir [ABC]/lamivudine [3TC] and LPV/r/zidovudine [ZDV]/3TC) are needed to improve both management and adherence of children. This work aimed to develop appropriate drug ratios and dosing for each FDC. Methods Data from 25 combined datasets included therapeutic drug monitoring and clinical studies from IMPAACT and PENTA. Population pharmacokinetic analyses were performed using Monolix. Monte-Carlo simulations of WHO and FDA dosing recommendations were performed to assess their ability to provide optimal exposure in children weighing 4 to 25 kg based on consensus plasma targets. The LPV/r:3TC:ZDV(ABC) dose ratios were 2.67:1:2(2), respectively. Results Using WHO dosage, LPV efficacy target was reached in all weight bands. Given the recommended drug ratios, the dosage for the 4–5.9 kg weight band (LPV/ZDV: 120/90 mg twice daily [bid]) showed more than 20% of subjects had ZDV levels at high risk of neutropenia. Reducing the LPV/ZDV dose to 80/60 mg bid decreased frequency of high ZDV concentrations but retained the LPV efficacy criteria. Conclusions This defined a flexible and simple FDC containing 40 mg LPV, 10 mg ritonavir, 15 mg 3TC and 30 mg ABC or ZDV. According to the weight bands defined by WHO, 4–5.9 kg, 6–9.9 kg, 10–13.9 kg, 14–19.9 kg, 20–24.9 kg, therapeutic doses would be 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 individual units administered by oral route bid.
Ellipse de compléments et de pseudo-compléments de verbes dans les énoncés situationnels en français
Authors: Marque-Pucheu Christiane 
Published: October 2014

Les ellipses du complément dans les expressions situationnelles relèvent du paradoxe, traduisant un chevauchement entre langue et discours. Tout en recevant un « remplissage » situationnel souvent imprévisible, elles sont préconstruites d’après les règles de la syntaxe et les propriétés lexicales des verbes correspondants et apparaissent même dans des constructions sui generis qui relèvent de la Grammaire des constructions.
Pour une pornographie féministe
Authors: Tijou Brigitte , Patouillard Victoire 
Published: October 2014

Résumé Alors que la pornographie a souvent été jetée aux oubliettes du féminisme, Ovidie, actrice et réalisatrice de films X, intervient dans le féminisme précisément depuis la pornographie. Elle se revendique d’un « féminisme pro-sexe », milite pour une pornographie féministe et pour une reconnaissance des travailleuses du sexe.
Un anti-héros
Authors: Renouard Jean-Philippe , Constantino Arlindo 
Published: October 2014

Résumé Le colonel Carlos Matos Gomes a fait partie de cette génération de jeunes capitaines à l’origine de la Révolution des œillets. Il est l’un des rares à avoir poursuivi une carrière au sein de l’armée portugaise. Sous le nom de plume de Carlos Vale Ferrez, il est l’auteur de romans et d’essais historiques qui ont pour cadre les guerres coloniales en Afrique et la révolution ; il travaille actuellement à un scénario pour le réalisateur brésilien Ruy Guerra. Il a bien voulu revenir ici sur les circonstances et l’héritage du 25 avril 1974.
Yehouda Moralli, metteur en scène, enseignant, colon
Authors: Zaoui Pierre 
Published: October 2014

Résumé Yehouda Moralli, anciennement Bernard Moralli, est un juif d’Algérie qui a fait Techouva (retour à la religion) et est venu s’installer dans un Yishouv (colonie) de l’aristocratie religieuse, Shalun Avouhot. À 30 km de Jérusalem, c’est-à-dire déjà au cœur de la Cisjordanie. Son accueil fut chaleureux et confiant, et la rencontre tourna autour de son incroyable parcours. Ce n’est pas un colon typique, mais il n’est pas sûr qu’il y en ait. C’est un colon tout court : quelqu’un qui vit dans une colonie religieuse.
Tamar Gozanski, députée du Hadash
Authors: Zaoui Pierre 
Published: October 2014

Résumé Mme Gozansky est la coqueluche d’innombrables Israéliens... et à peu près personne ne vote pour le Hadash : 80 000 électeurs en 1999, dont deux tiers d’arabes et un tiers de juifs. Des amis qui votent Likoud couvrent de louanges son honnêteté et ses actions humanitaires, avant d’ajouter : « bien entendu, elle est complètement folle ». Voilà le problème : pourtant avisé, lucide et modéré, son discours n’a pas prise sur l’écrasante majorité des Israéliens. La rencontre a tourné autour de la question de l’état des principales organisations de gauche face à cette nouvelle Intifada, et plus généralement depuis Oslo.
Meir Buzaglo, universitaire en philosophie à l'université de Jérusalem
Authors: Zaoui Pierre 
Published: October 2014

Résumé Spécialiste de Maïmonide et de philosophie analytique, Meir Buzaglo a été de sensibilité d’extrême-gauche au début des années 1970, dans le sillage de son frère engagé plus radicalement encore au Mafpen (groupuscule anti-sioniste dissout pour activités illégales). Il se définit aujourd’hui comme participant du « mainstream » , c’est-à-dire travailliste, avec une sympathie particulière pour certaines positions du Shas. Politiquement et personnellement, il a en effet opéré un retour prononcé au judaïsme sépharade de ses origines marocaines. Cordiale et simple, là encore, cette rencontre a tourné autour de la position des intellectuels d’inspiration juive face au conflit.
Avant-propos : s'approprier ou se déprendre ?
Authors: Grelet Stany , Roizès Olivier 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	La rubrique Chantiers consiste habituellement à chercher les moyens de s’approprier un objet politique réputé inappropriable. Or il se pourrait cette fois, s’agissant de l’Afrique, qu’il faille au contraire s’en déprendre.
La stratégie du ridicule
Authors: Crachat Catherine 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	« Nous mourrons de n’être pas assez ridicules. » Il fallait s’appeler Rose Prudence, Annie-Elm, Catherine Crachat, Catherine Glaviot ou Pépita Régalo pour avancer un slogan aussi juste. Entre 1973 et 1978, ces filles géniales ont tenu la chronique du « sexisme ordinaire » dans les Temps Modernes, textes rassemblés sous le même titre aux Éditions du Seuil en 1979. Cet ouvrage est aujourd’hui épuisé, ce qui est parfaitement inadmissible. Nous exigeons sa réédition immédiate. Pour tromper l’attente, extraits. (...)
Quatre lettres d'afrique
Authors: Mangeot Philippe 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	S’adressait-elle à l’enquêteur amateur, la protestation ironique du Djiboutien Abdourahman A. Waberi, quand il se dit agacé par les questions de « journalistes de troisième zone qui ont mal digéré leur tiers-mondisme »  ? À l’en croire, peu de rencontres qui n’aient débuté par deux questions rituelles  : 1) Pourquoi écrivez-vous en français  ? et 2) Comment va l’Afrique  ? Inquiet, il rembobina mentalement la bande de l’entretien. Sauvé  : on n’avait pas exactement commencé comme ça...
le train (extraits)
Authors: Gallienne Emmanuelle 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	10 Il arrive que nous soyons très nombreux à dormir dans le même compartiment. Qu’y faire ? C’est un événement qui se reproduit à intervalles irréguliers, et qui demeure imprévisible en vérité. Dans la nuit la chaleur augmente, l’espace clos s’épaissit de toutes les haleines réunies. Je sens peu à peu mon visage se laisser modeler par ces souffles tièdes et denses ; ma chair enfle, et mes doigts, devenus gourds. On entend par intermittences une protestation, un soupir appuyé. À l’évidence, chacun souhaite (...)
Coopératives, mutuelles et mouvement social en Italie, de l'unité italienne à la Seconde Guerre mondiale
Authors: Meriggi Maria Grazia 
Published: October 2014

Le mouvement coopératif italien partage la multiplicité de ses attaches dans différents milieux : les réformateurs libéraux mais surtout le monde des travailleurs socialistes. Il noue aussi des liens très spécifiques avec le syndicat des ouvriers agricoles et ce rapport étroit avec le monde des campagnes a continué jusqu’aux années qui ont suivi la Seconde Guerre mondiale.
Características dos Cursos Superiores de Tecnologia e Bacharelado em Secretariado: Um Estudo com Base na Interpretação das Diretrizes Curriculares
Authors: Stece Vanderleia , Cegan Edilaine , Lima Thereza Cristina Souza , Boguslawski Ana Maria 
Published: October 2014

Embora as atividades de secretariado já existam de longa data, aregulamentação da profissão ainda é recente, pois data de 30/09/1985. Devido àevolução da profissão e o surgimento da formação tecnológica de nível superior,muitas dúvidas são originadas quanto à formação e atuação dos profissionaisformados nos cursos de tecnologia e bacharelado. Neste sentido, este estudobusca apresentar as possíveis diferenças existentes na formação e atuação dosprofissionais formados nos cursos superiores de Tecnologia e bacharelado emSecretariado. Como metodologia, a pesquisa qualitativa embasou o estudo, e oprincipal instrumento utilizado foi a análise documental dos seguintesdocumentos: lei de regulamentação da profissão (Lei 7377, de 30/09/85 e Lei9261, de 10/01/96); Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais Gerais para a organizaçãoe o funcionamento dos cursos superiores de tecnologia (Resolução CNE/CP 3, de18 de dezembro de 2002), Catalogo Nacional de Cursos Superiores de Tecnologiae Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais parao curso de Secretariado Executivo (Resolução CNE/CES nº 3/2005, de 23 de junhode 2005. A pesquisa apontou que as principais diferenças estão relacionadasà carga horária, à oferta de idiomas, e à nomenclatura dos cursos. Demonstra também que a Lei de Regulamentação daprofissão, não prevendo as diferenças existentes entre os dois graus de formação,contribui para o surgimento de dúvidas, principalmente sobre a atuação dessesprofissionais, uma vez que ambos são considerados Secretários Executivos.DOI: 10.7769/gesec.v5i1.233
O Impacto das Políticas de Eventos no Clima Organizacional
Authors: Lima Maria do Carmo Ferreira , Duarte Gabriela , Araujo Aline , Paiva Maria Cecília 
Published: October 2014

Focando cada vez mais as relações pessoais e o indivíduo, as organizações têm percebido a necessidade de um clima organizacional positivo para seu bom desempenho e desenvolvimento. Ao considerar as políticas de eventos como uma ferramenta motivacional e de incentivo à relação interpessoal, na pesquisa pretende-se aprofundar no assunto para estabelecer uma relação entre a utilização de tais práticas e seu impacto na geração de um ambiente de trabalho favorável. A realização da pesquisa deu-se em duas fases: uma de natureza exploratória-bibliográfica e outra de natureza quantitativa descritiva. Com a aplicação dos questionários foi verificado que as organizações não priorizam as necessidades e expectativas de seus funcionários, esquecendo que eles são recursos essenciais. Embora os colaboradores reconheçam que seu nível de motivação e integração são elevados com as aplicações de práticas de eventos e, além disso, afirmaram que há influências destas práticas em todo o clima da organização, são poucas as empresas que as adotam como ferramenta estratégica. Verificou-se ainda a grande disparidade existente entre a frequência e a influência desses eventos no cenário corporativo, que demonstraram a falta de conhecimento das organizações quando foi tratado na pesquisa sobre a opinião de seus colaboradores. Assim com os resultados da pesquisa percepeu-se que se as organizações investissem nos eventos corporativos com foco nos funcionários, conseguiriam elevar o estado de motivação de seus empregados.DOI: 10.7769/gesec.v5i1.262
ENSO reconstructions over the past 60 ka using giant clams (Tridacna sp.) from Papua New Guinea
Authors: Driscoll Robin , Elliot Mary , Russon Tom , Welsh Kevin , Yokoyama Yusuke , Tudhope Alexander 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe present 12 seasonally resolved δ18O profiles of giant clams (Tridacna sp.) from the Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea, spanning discrete periods of time (9–38 years) over the past 60 ka. The interannual anomaly time series of these shells are used to reconstruct interannual variability which can predominantly be attributed in the modern climate to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in this region. We have found a significant reduction in interannual δ18O variance during the early Holocene, whereas during Marine Isotope Stage 3 there were at least some periods with variance not significantly different to the twentieth century. We show that ENSO variability seen during the late twentieth century is rare but not unprecedented within glacial climates.