bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chinese American adolescents: perceived parenting styles and adolescents' psychosocial health
Authors: Yuwen W. , Chen A. C. C. 
Published: December 2012

BackgroundAsian Americans are one of the fastest‐growing minority groups in the USA, and Chinese constitute the largest group. Evidence suggests that Asian American adolescents experience higher levels of depressive symptoms than their same‐gender white counterparts. Quantitative findings suggest associations between parenting factors and Chinese American adolescents' mental health. A qualitative understanding regarding Chinese American adolescents' perceived parenting styles and its relationship with adolescents' psychosocial health is warranted.AimTo gain an in‐depth understanding of Chinese American adolescents' perceived parenting styles and how parenting styles might influence adolescents' psychosocial health.MethodsIn this qualitative study, we recruited 15 Chinese American adolescents aged 12–17 years in a southwest metropolitan area. We conducted two focus group interviews. Participants also filled out a brief questionnaire that included their socio‐demographic information, immigration history and level of acculturation.ResultsParticipants reported perceiving that parents had high expectations about academic performance and moral values. They also perceived stricter family rules regarding choices of friends compared with their non‐Asian peers. Parents tended to be more protective of girls than of boys. Both Chinese American boys and girls reported poor or ineffective communication with their parents, which contributed to increased conflict between parents and adolescents and emotional distress of the adolescents.ConclusionsThe findings provide evidence for nurses to develop linguistically and culturally tailored resources (e.g. parent support groups, programs aimed to improving parent–child communication) or connect these families with existing resources to enhance parenting skills and consequently reduce emotional distress of their adolescent children.
Mediastinitis after coronary artery bypass grafting increases the incidence of left internal mammary artery obstruction
Authors: Risnes Ivar , Abdelnoor Michael , Ulimoen Geir , Rynning Stein Erik , Veel Terje , Svennevig Jan L , Lundblad Runar , Borthne Arne 
Published: December 2012

AbstractMediastinitis after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) gives a longstanding chronic inflammation and has a detrimental negative effect on long‐term survival. For this reason, we aimed to study the effect of mediastinitis on graft patency after CABG. The epidemiologic design was of an exposed (mediastinitis, n = 41) versus non‐exposed (non‐mediastinitis, controls, n = 41) cohort with two endpoints: (i) obstruction of saphenous vein grafts (SVG) and (ii) obstruction of the internal mammary artery (IMA) grafts. The graft patency was evaluated with coronary CT‐angiography examination at a median follow‐up of 2·7 years. The number of occluded SVG in the mediastinitis group was 18·9% versus 15·5% in the control group. Using generalized estimating equations model with exchangeable matrix, and confounding effect of ischaemic time and patients age, we found no significant association between presence of mediastinitis and SVG obstruction [rate ratio (RR) = 0·96, 95% CI (0·52–2·67), P = 0·697]. The number of occluded IMA grafts was 10·5% in the mediastinitis group and 2·4% in the control group. Using the Poisson regression model, we estimated RR = 5·48, 95% CI (1·43–21·0) and P = 0·013. There was a significant association between mediastinitis and IMA graft obstruction, when controlling for the confounding effect of ischaemic time, body mass index, presence of diabetes mellitus and the number of diseased vessels. Presence of mediastinitis increases the risk of IMA graft obstruction. This may confirm the importance of inflammation as a major contributor to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and explain the negative effect of mediastinitis on a long‐term survival.
Factors that influence user satisfaction: tracheotomised home mechanical ventilation users’ experiences
Authors: Dyrstad Dagrunn N , Hansen Britt S , Gundersen Evy M 
Published: December 2012

Aims and objectivesTo describe the self‐reported life situation of users totally dependent on home mechanical ventilation (HMV) after tracheotomy and to identify factors associated with user satisfaction.BackgroundHMV users are a small but growing group in society and among the most vulnerable individuals with chronic disabilities. The participants in the present study belong to an even more susceptible minority of this group, as they require round the clock ventilation at home through a tracheostomy, implying the need for continuous care. Their testimonies are important for the generation of new knowledge.DesignA qualitative design using interviews.MethodsIndividual interviews were conducted with six participants and analysed by qualitative content analysis.ResultsThe main theme that emerged different individual needs require a range of approaches was based on three sub‐themes: (1) Tailored information (2) Sensitivity in decision‐making and (3) Building trust and confidence. Information was perceived as crucial and participants described different experiences of receiving optimal information to not receiving information at all. Successful collaboration was perceived when the user was given the opportunity to participate in decision‐making about her/his treatment and care, where to live and how to organise daily life. Trust and confidence in the caregivers were important.ConclusionThe participants highlighted the need for strategies to improve satisfaction. Their experiences varied depending on age, where they lived, who they encountered in the healthcare system and the level of family support. Our findings suggest that patients who perceive themselves as well informed at an early stage are more satisfied with treatment, decisions about their tracheotomy and their life situation.Relevance to clinical practiceThere is a lack of knowledge among healthcare providers, thus tailored, high competence and guidelines are required.
A Hybrid Classification Matching Method for Geospatial Services
Authors: Wang Yandong , Li Hao , Luo An 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWith the development of the Internet and GIS, large volumes of spatial data and powerful computing resources are increasingly published in the form of Web services. Given the variety and number of geospatial services advertised online, finding appropriate geospatial services has become a tremendous challenge for potential users. Geospatial service classification provides a basis for developing matching criteria to improve the efficiency of service discovery. At present, most classification‐based matching methods require users to provide classification descriptions using a specified taxonomy. These requirements seriously limit the application of classification‐based matching. To solve these kinds of problems, this article presents a hybrid geospatial service classification‐matching method. Based on the differences in classification descriptions, three strategies are proposed: (1) the existing classification matching method is used for requests with classifications described using homogeneous taxonomies; (2) a formal‐concept‐analysis‐based service classification matching method is proposed for service requests with classifications described using heterogeneous taxonomies; and (3) an interface‐similarity‐based service classification decision method is proposed for requests without classification descriptions. The feasibility of the hybrid geospatial service classification matching method is verified by two sets of experiments. The results reveal that this method can effectively broaden the application of classification‐based matching in geospatial service discovery.
A Catalogue Service for Internet GIServices Supporting Active Service Evaluation and Real‐Time Quality Monitoring
Authors: Shen Shengyu , Zhang Tong , Wu Huayi , Liu Zhijia 
Published: December 2012

AbstractInternet‐based Geographical Information Services (GIServices) have exploded in depth and variety over the past few years. More and more academic institutions, private companies, and even individuals publish their own geographical information resources in the form of GIServices on the Internet. In today's resource‐rich environment, fast and accurate service discovery is a significant problem for industry and academia, as well as regular users. To solve this problem, researchers introduced Service‐Oriented Architecture (SOA) to the domain of GIServices. Being the core of SOA, a registry catalogue implements message exchange services. But current catalog service mechanisms lack the capability to search services, to monitor and to provide accurate descriptions for quality of service in an active manner. Therefore, current catalogue services are not able to overcome problems such as limited registered resources, inaccurate registration information and the uncertainty of service status in various geospatial applications. A catalogue framework for GIServices is proposed that effectively integrates the Quality of GIServices (QoGIService) theory, as well as service crawling/search and dynamic monitoring techniques. A prototype application focused on Web Map Services (WMS) was established that mitigated the abovementioned problems through active service evaluation and real‐time quality monitoring mechanisms.
A Task Ontology Driven Approach for Live Geoprocessing in a Service‐Oriented Environment
Authors: Sun Ziheng , Yue Peng , Lu Xianchang , Zhai Xi , Hu Lei 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn a service‐oriented environment, Web geoprocessing services can provide geoprocessing functions for a variety of applications including Sensor Web. Connecting Sensor Web and geoprocessing services together shows great potentail to support live geoprocessing using real‐time data inputs. This article proposes a task ontology driven approach to live geoprocessing. The task in the ontology contains five aspects: task type, task priority, task constraints, task model, and task process. The use of the task ontology in driving live geoprocessing includes the following steps: (1) Task model generation, which generates a concrete process model to fulfill user demands; (2) Process model instantiation, which transforms the process model into an executable workflow; (3) Workflow execution: the workflow engine executes the workflow to generate value‐added data products using Sensor Web data as inputs. The approach not only helps create semantically correct connections between Sensor Web and Web geoprocessing services, but also provides sharable problem solving knowledge using process models. A prototype system, which leverages Web 2.0, Sensor Web, Semantic Web, and geoprocessing services, is developed to demonstrate the applicability of the approach.
Metadata Harvesting and Registration in a Geospatial Sensor Web Registry
Authors: Zhai Xi , Zhu Xinyan , Lu Xianchang , Yuan Jie , Li Ming , Yue Peng 
Published: December 2012

AbstractA Sensor Web registry acts as a broker in a service‐oriented environment to publish and discover Sensor Web resources (e.g. sensors, sensor services, observations, and alerts). The Catalogue Service for the Web (CSW) developed by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) defines a standard interface and protocol for publishing and discovering geospatial resources. This article adopts the CSW for the development of a Sensor Web registry. Metadata for Sensor Web resources are registered into the catalogue information model – the ebXML Registry Information Model (ebRIM). In the Sensor Web environment, sensor observations can be available in real‐time or near‐real‐time, and thus metadata registered in CSW need to be updated frequently. This article proposes an incremental harvesting approach, which can harvest the updated metadata efficiently. A prototypical implementation is provided to demonstrate the applicability of the approach.
Scarring Effects of Remaining Unemployed for Long-Term Unemployed School-Leavers
Authors: Cockx Bart , Picchio Matteo 
Published: December 2012

SummaryThis study investigates whether and to what extent further unemployment experience for youths who are already long term unemployed imposes a penalty on subsequent labour market outcomes. We propose a flexible method for analysing the effect on wages aside from transitions from unemployment and employment within a multivariate duration model which controls for selection on observables and unobservables. We find that prolonging unemployment drastically decreases the chances of finding employment but hardly affects the quality of subsequent employment. The analysis suggests that negative duration dependence in the job finding rate is induced by negative signalling and not by human capital depreciation.
THE PRAGMATIC CONFUCIAN APPROACH TO TRADITION IN MODERNIZING CHINA
Authors: TAN SOR‐HOON 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper explores the Confucian veneration of the past and its commitment to transmitting the tradition of the sages. It does so by placing it in the context of the historical trajectory from the May Fourth attacks on Confucianism and its scientistic, iconoclastic approach to “saving China,” to similar approaches to China's modernization in later decades, through the market reforms that launched China into global capitalism, to the revival of Confucianism in recent years. It reexamines the association of the Pragmatism of John Dewey and Hu Shih with the scientistic iconoclasm of the May Fourth Movement and argues that a broader scrutiny of Dewey's and Hu's works, beyond the period when Dewey visited China, reveals a more balanced treatment of tradition, science, and modernization. Pragmatists believe in reconstructing, not destroying, traditions in their pursuit of growth for individuals and communities. Despite a tension between the progress‐oriented historical consciousness that Dewey inherited from the Enlightenment (a consciousness that some consider as characteristic of modern Western historiography) and the historical consciousness underlying Chinese historiographical tradition (one that views the past as a didactic “mirror”), it is possible to reconcile the Pragmatic reconstruction of tradition with the Confucian veneration of the past. This paper argues for a Pragmatic Confucian approach to Chinese traditions that is selective in its transmission of the past and flexible enough in its “preservation” to allow for progressive change.
TRADITION: A PRINCIPLE OF HISTORICAL SENSE‐GENERATION AND ITS LOGIC AND EFFECT IN HISTORICAL CULTURE
Authors: RÜSEN JÖRN 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThis article is divided into five parts. After a brief example in the first part, the second explains what historical sense‐generation is about. The third characterizes tradition as a pregiven condition of all historical thinking. With respect to this condition, the constructivist theory of history is criticized as one‐sided. The fourth part presents tradition as one of the four basic sense criteria of historical narration. The article concludes with a discussion of the role of tradition in the historical culture of modern societies.Historical sense‐generation is a mental procedure by which the past is interpreted for the sake of understanding the present and anticipating the future. This mental procedure is an anthropological universal in the cultural orientation of human practical life and will lead to a concept of the course of time as a necessary factor in the cultural orientation of human life.Today the dominant opinion in metahistory conceives of historical sense‐generation in a constructivist way. The sense of the past is understood as an ascription of meaning onto the past; the past itself has no impact on this meaning. But I hold that the past is already present (as a result of historical developments) in the circumstances and conditions under which historical thinking is performed and is obviously influenced by it. This presence can be called tradition. Before historians construct the past they themselves are already constructed by the present outcome of past developments in the world. Thus tradition is always at work in historical thinking before the past is thematized as history.Historical sense‐generation needs basic principles of sense and meaning. Using these principles transforms the experience of the past into a meaningful history for the present. Despite cultural differences, four sense criteria can be identified as basic for making historical sense of the past. One of the four principles is tradition. It is the most fundamental one upon which all other modes of making sense of the past are grounded. It presents temporal change in the human world such that the world's order is maintained despite all its changes. Since the emergence of the so‐called advanced civilizations, other types of historical narration have overshadowed the constitutive role of tradition. Historical narration has been supplemented by exemplary, genetic, and critical approaches to the past. Yet the traditional one has remained the most frequently used and is the most basic and popular.
THE EVOLUTION OF THE RUSSIAN TRADITION OF STATE POWER
Authors: POMPER PHILIP 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThe first part of this evolutionary study of the persistence of the autocratic/oligarchic variety of personal rule in Russia provides a historical overview, followed by two theories explaining why it persisted, interrupted by brief “times of troubles,” for over 500 years. Edward Keenan, on the one hand, hypothesizes successful long‐term adaptation to a demanding environment. Richard Hellie, on the other hand, develops a theory of service‐class revolutions and a cyclical pattern based on the methods of Russian elites for overcoming relative backwardness. Neither theory takes a neo‐Darwinian approach.The second part examines neo‐Darwinian evolutionary approaches. In the cosmic perspective of Big History, the human species in its relatively brief existence has had an accelerating impact on other species and the earth's environment. Biologists modeling complex systems come to a similar conclusion. Agent‐driven history, as modeled by demographer Noël Bonneuil, raises questions about the adequacy of the historian's traditional single‐trajectory narrative approach to “the time of human history” and also critiques the biases built into the mathematical models of many evolutionary thinkers. An evolutionary approach to human history does not restrict itself to organic replication, but takes into account populations of evolving human skills and also group projects that act as evolutionary forces as well as units of selection, and outlive generations of organic populations.The third part applies this approach to the Russian tradition of state power by showing how group projects operate as evolutionary forces in a variety of modern power systems. The “parable of the tribes” avers that the aggressive agent in any given power system—ideological, economic, social, military, or political—dictates the dynamics of the system. The “braided stream” approach shows, however sketchily here, how agent‐driven modern power systems interact, coevolve, and produce hybrid forms. The Russian tradition is highlighted in this evolutionary context.
DISCIPLINING TRADITION IN MODERN CHINA: TWO CASE STUDIES
Authors: MAKEHAM JOHN 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThis essay highlights the influential role played by epistemological nativism in the disciplining of tradition in modern China. Chinese epistemological nativism is the view that the articulation and development of China's intellectual heritage must draw exclusively on the paradigms and norms of so‐called indigenous/local or China‐based perspectives. Two case studies are presented to reveal some of the conundrums that confront the disciplining of tradition in modern China: Chinese philosophy and guoxue or National Studies. These case studies also provide an opportunity to reflect on the implications this has for tradition's place in Chinese modernity.In the case of the discipline of Chinese philosophy the role of epistemological nativism is evident in widespread calls to return Chinese philosophy to some pristine form, predating its encounter with “Western” philosophy; and in the continued refusal to acknowledge and engage the intellectual diversity of the traditions that contribute to Chinese philosophy's composite identity. To illustrate this latter claim, I focus on the prominent example of Buddhist philosophy and its Indian roots.As for the second case study, National Studies has been revived as a discipline, marked as distinct from all other disciplines, because of claims that it represents a holistic body of learning. National Studies' connection with various traditions of premodern learning is premised on the romantic conceit that these traditions of premodern learning somehow constituted a holistic, even organic, body of learning. The conundrum for contemporary guoxue protagonists, who present guoxue as a holistic body of learning, is that the stronger the claim made that guoxue warrants disciplinary status—and hence to be subjected to disciplinary subdivision—the weaker the case that guoxue is a holistic body of learning. This situation is further exacerbated by the fact that guoxue is an invented tradition.
BACK TO WHERE WE'VE NEVER BEEN: HEIDEGGER, LEVINAS, AND DERRIDA ON TRADITION AND HISTORY
Authors: KLEINBERG ETHAN 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper will address the topic of “tradition” by exploring the ways that Martin Heidegger, Emmanuel Levinas, and Jacques Derrida each looked to return to traditional texts in order to overcome a perceived crisis or delimiting fault in the contemporary thought of their respective presents. For Heidegger, this meant a return to the pre‐Socratics of “early Greek thinking.” For Levinas, it entailed a return to the sacred Jewish texts of the Talmud. For Derrida, it was the return to texts that embodied the “Western metaphysical tradition,” be it by Plato, Descartes, Rousseau, or Marx. I then want to ask whether these reflections can be turned so as to shed light on three resilient trends in the practice of history that I will label positivist, speculative or teleological, and constructivist. By correlating the ways that Heidegger, Levinas, and Derrida utilize and employ “tradition” with the historical trends of positivism, speculative/teleological history, and constructivism, I hope to produce an engagement between theorists whose concerns implicate history even though they may not be explicitly historical, and historians who may not realize the ways that their work coincides with the claims of these theorists.