bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wireless Optogenetic Targeting Nociceptors Helps Host Cells Win the Competitive Colonization in Implant‐Associated Infections
Authors: Fang Xinyu , Ding Haiqi , Chen Yang , Wang Qijin , Yuan Xuhui , Zhang Chaofan , Huang Jiagu , Huang Jiexin , Lv Jianhua , Hu Hongxin , Huang Changyu , Hu Xueni , Lin Yiming , Zhang Nanxin , Zhou Wei , Huang Ying , Li Wenbo , Niu Susheng , Wu Zhaoyang , Lin Jianhua , Yang Bin , Yuan Tifei , Zhang Wenming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe role of nociceptive nerves in modulating immune responses to harmful stimuli via pain or itch induction remains controversial. Compared to conventional surgery, various implant surgeries are more prone to infections even with low bacterial loads. In this study, an optogenetic technique is introduced for selectively activating peripheral nociceptive nerves using a fully implantable, wirelessly rechargeable optogenetic device. By targeting nociceptors in the limbs of awake, freely moving mice, it is found that activation induces anticipatory immunity in the innervated territory and enhances the adhesion of various host cells to the implant surface. This effect mediates acute immune cell‐mediated killing of Staphylococcus aureus on implants and enables the host to win “implant surface competition” against Staphylococcus aureus. This finding provides new strategies for preventing and treating implant‐associated infections.
Effect of high temperature on FRCM‐confined concrete
Authors: Toska Klajdi , Faleschini Flora , Beaucour Anne‐Lise , Pellegrino Carlo , Noumowe Albert 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe paper investigates the effect of high temperature exposure on the performance of concrete confined through textile/fabric‐reinforced composites. Small‐scale cylindrical specimens (150 × 300 mm) were confined using two types of carbon fibers (dry and epoxy‐resin coated). For the sake of comparison, two confining layers were applied to all specimens. After curing, cylinders were exposed to four ranges of increasing temperatures—being 20°C (ambient), 80°C, 100°C, and 250°C and, after cooling down, were tested under compressive cyclic loading. The experimental results show that thermal stress significantly influences the confinement effectiveness of textile‐reinforced composites. Exposure to high temperatures reduces the ultimate confined strength and significantly influences the overall axial stress–strain behavior.
Challenges and opportunities toward a sustainable bio‐based chemical sector in Europe
Authors: Rinke Dias de Souza Nariê , Groenestege Marisa , Spekreijse Jurjen , Ribeiro Cláudia , Matos Cristina T. , Pizzol Massimo , Cherubini Francesco 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe chemical sector is the fourth largest industry in the European Union (EU) and the second largest chemical producer globally. However, its global share in chemicals sales has declined from 25% two decades ago to around 14% now. The sector, which accounts for 22% of the EU industry's energy demands, faces significant challenges in mitigating climate change, reducing pollution and toxicity, and improving circularity. Biomass, a promising renewable feedstock, currently represents only 3% of the sector's feedstocks. This review explores the opportunities and challenges for a bio‐based chemical sector in the EU, particularly plastics, to improve circularity and contribute to climate neutrality, reduction of pollution and toxicity. It provides an overview of current fossil‐based feedstocks, production processes, country‐specific trends, bio‐based production, and sustainability initiatives. Exploring new feedstocks such as lignin, organic residues, and algae can increase biomass availability toward a circular bioeconomy. Integrating chemicals and plastics production into commercial pulp and power factories, biofuel plants, and the sustainable hydrogen economy could boost the sector. Hydrogen is crucial for reducing biomass's oxygen content. These can ultimately contribute to reduce climate change impacts. Designing novel chemicals and plastics to accommodate biomass's higher oxygen content, reduce toxicity, and enhance biodegradability is essential. However, plastic waste mismanagement cannot be solved by merely replacing fossil feedstocks with biomass. Sustainability initiatives can strengthen and develop a circular bio‐based chemical sector, but better management of bio‐based plastic waste and transparent labeling of bio‐based products are needed. This calls for collaborative efforts among citizens, academia, policymakers, and industry.This article is categorized under:
Climate and Environment > Circular Economy
Climate and Environment > Net Zero Planning and Decarbonization
Emerging Technologies > Materials
Controlling and Managing Radioactive Sources
Authors: Ramamoorthy N. , Boyd Christopher , Willey Anne L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis chapter discusses the dangers of uncontrolled or orphaned radioactive sources. From the Indian perspective, N. Ramamoorthy provides an overview of the importance of legitimate industrial and medical uses of radioactive materials. He argues that such applications preclude a one-size-fits-all approach to security. To mitigate the problem, Ramamoorthy argues for the use of non-radiological alternatives where possible, and for better accountability and proliferation-proof designs where there is no alternative. U.S. authors Christopher Boyd and Anne Wiley explain that radiological sources can provide material for dirty bombs, and are often located in areas with relatively lax security environments. To address this problem, the authors argue for regulatory flexibility and, where possible, for risk elimination rather than risk mitigation.
Germany’s Television Landscape: Actors and Production Areas
Authors: Krauß Florian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis chapter begins the actual investigation of German television drama, starting with an introduction to its structures. It describes production areas and central players by focusing on programme commissioners—a role that, like that of the commissioning editor, has diversified considerably since the 2010s, due to pay TV and streaming services beginning to produce German TV series. The second part of the chapter focuses on production companies. These are a very decisive factor in television drama production in Germany, since they, and not the broadcasters themselves, are who generally produce the series and kick off the screenwriting process alongside the actual writers. Regarding the quality drama segment, this look at production companies shows that the boundaries between television and film are becoming increasingly blurred. In addition to the current quality production—which in Germany is mostly concretised in miniseries—the chapter presents other series types and production areas that shape the German television series landscape. Hybrid forms of television film and series as well as broadcasting slots are taken into account. Schedule placements continue to structure German series production up to the present day, and, despite the non-linear distribution channels enabled by the internet, they still represent an important reference point in practitioners’ negotiations.
Understanding Chilling Effects in Digital Spaces – A Study of Ugandan LGBT+ Advocacy in the Wake of the Draconian 2023 Anti-homosexuality Act
Authors: Strand Cecilia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAgainst the backdrop of the recently passed Ugandan Anti-homosexuality Act 2023 (AHA2023), which directly targets LGBT+ activist and their rights advocacy, this paper seeks to explore if the AHA2023 had a chilling effect on Ugandan LGBT+ activism in their key online social platform, Twitter. By comparing Twitter data sets from 2022 and 2023 quantitively and analyzing a post-AHA corpus comprising of 611 tweets qualitatively, the results indicate that AHA 2023 produced a chilling effect on the content level but not on the activity level. The AHA2023 did thus not silence Ugandan LGBT+ activists’ digital activism but appears to have impacted the content in some critical ways. Most concerning, Ugandan LGBT+ activists’ explicit self-penned demands for equal human rights almost disappear. Rights demands did not disappear from the Uganda LGBT+ Twittersphere but were primarily promoted and kept alive by international development, Western bilateral partners, and human rights allies. The long-term impact of the discursive shift in Ugandan LGBT+ activism is still unfolding, and it is arguably too early to identify the impact of the aforementioned troublesome chilling effects on content. There is, however, a reason to suspect that the loss of Ugandan voices will negatively impact efforts to challenge the post-colonial amnesia that sustains erroneous beliefs around African sexuality as singularly heterosexual. This case study can serve as a critical case for understanding the chilling effects caused by heavy-handed legislation. The study also seeks to contribute methodologically by offering insights into how chilling effects in digital spaces can be studied empirically.
The Close Proximity Impact of a Newly Constructed Large Cross-Section Twin-Arch Tunnel Crossing an Existing Tunnel
Authors: Hai Dapeng , Wei Liangwen , Su Guoqi , Zheng Jie , Wang Dan , Tian Wei , Tang Yu , Hua Zejian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith the Xinsen Avenue Tunnel Project in Chongqing Gaoxin District as the research context, this study investigates the degree of impact on an existing tunnel resulting from the construction of a new twin-arch tunnel that crosses over it. Utilizing finite element analysis methods, the study explores the displacement and stress variation patterns in the existing tunnel following the construction of the new tunnel, considering different clearances, crossing angles, and rock mass grade factors. Additionally, based on a composite discernment criterion involving additional stress and additional displacement, this study establishes longitudinal and transverse impact zones for intersecting tunnels. The research findings reveal that in terms of longitudinal impact, the clearance factor exerts a more substantial influence compared to rock mass grade and crossing angle factors. Regarding transverse impact, the area affected by parallel undercrossing is greater than that of parallel overcrossing, and the impact area is minimized when the new and existing tunnels are in a horizontally side-by-side configuration. The study's conclusions provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for the control of construction in similar large cross-section tunnel intersections.
Influence of 3% Barium Chloride as a Retarder on the Setting Time of Geopolymer Cement and Compressive Strength of Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Liu Conghui , Zhu Meichun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAddressing the issue of short setting time in geopolymer cement, this study focuses on common retarders in engineering, and explores the effect of retarders in alkali activated geopolymer cement systems, including the impact on the solidification time of geopolymer cement and the impact on the strength of geopolymer concrete after adding aggregates to prepare concrete. Using 1 and 3% Sucrose, Borax and barium chloride as retarders, comparative experiments were conducted to determine the setting time of geopolymer cement and the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete. Results indicate that, compared to Sucrose and Borax, barium chloride exhibited the most effective retarding effect on the setting time of geopolymer cement, with initial and final setting times reaching 265 and 420 min, respectively. Whatsmore, at concentrations ranging from 1 to 3%, sucrose, borax, and barium chloride as retarders had a minimal impact on the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete. This research provides a reference basis for the effectiveness and applicability of retarders in engineering applications.
Study on Permeability Performance and Prediction Model of Coal Gangue Pervious Concrete
Authors: Xia Junwu , Zhu Zhichun , Xu Enlai , Yu Linli 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo expand the in-situ utilization of coal gangue in mining area and meet the demand of “sponge city”, the permeability coefficient, total porosity and effective porosity of coal gangue pervious concrete (CGPC) in different mixtures were deeply explored. The results show that the permeability coefficient of CGPC can reach 1.5 ~ 2 mm/s. In general, the permeability coefficient and porosity of CGPC increase as the aggregate particle size and designed porosity increase. Effective porosity is the key factor affecting the permeability coefficient of CGPC. More importantly, the prediction model of permeability coefficient of CGPC is established based on the mix proportion, providing a theoretical reference for the application of CGPC in pervious pavement of mining areas.
Experimental Research on Dry Shrinkage Property of High Performance Concrete
Authors: Ge Tao , Wu Han 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn order to reveal the durability of high-performance concrete in underground engineering, 10 different mix ratios of dry shrinkage tests were conducted on high-performance concrete used in an underground civil air defense project. After three days’ age, we dismantle the mold and measure the base length. And then, make test-pieces stay in water at 20 ± 3 ℃ to test the first, seventh and fourteenth day’s length. After that, we move the test-pieces in the drying chamber to measure the twenty-eighth and ninetieth day’s length. We reach the impact of every aggregate dosage on concrete’s expansion and shrinkage rate. And we analysis high performance concrete’s crack resistance. At last, we reach the best mix proportion in the construction and dry shrinkage property, and summarize some necessary measures to prevent or reduce concrete shrinkage cracks.
Integrate the Methods of Linear Full Resonance with Quarter-Wavelength into Strong Motion Synthesis
Authors: Tao Zhiguo , Liu Shiyao , Tao Zhengru , Zhang Zhaoyue 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe local site condition plays a crucial role in the study of strong ground motion, and much effort has been expended. The most common theoretical methods are linear full resonance (FR), quarter-wavelength (QWL), equivalent linear and nonlinear. We compare the site response from these two methods and the combination of them for the mainshock of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake. The surface-borehole recordings at a far-field station FKOH01 and a near-fault station KMMH03 are selected as benchmark. Horizontal ground motions at these two borehole stations are simulated. The site effect is evaluated by three methods of FR, QWL and the combination QWL × FR. At FKOH01, PGAs from QWL × FR are larger than those from QWL and FR; at KMMH03, PGAs from QWL are larger than those from QWL × FR, and the latter are close to those from FR. A similar trend is observed in the comparison of response spectra. Compared with the records, QWL × FR can be adopted to evaluate the site response.
A Signal Processing Approach for Fracture Inversion Technique Utilizing Acoustic Emission Signal in Shale Hydraulic Fracturing Experiment
Authors: Yao Qiyang , Wang Sheng , Chen Yao , Shao Yanchao , Fan Xiaokun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn order to detect the fracture information inside the material, solve the problem of static flaw detection and dynamic monitoring of the material, this paper studies the processing method of acoustic emission signal based on the active excitation signal of shale surface and the data output from hydraulic fracturing test. Event detection is the preliminary signal processing, to obtain the event information conveyed by acoustic emission signal and capture the information of shale internal materials carried in signal transmission. Sound source location is calculated by dividing the unit and fitting the signal source position. Both spectrum analysis and tomography are used to locate static natural fractures. Through the analysis of signal data, the positioning situation of different methods is compared. Based on experimental data from laboratory shale hydraulic fracturing, this study uses Julia language to construct a processing model for acoustic emission signals. Through the research context of this paper, we hope to provide reference for Julia language in the field of acoustic emission signal processing.
Flavors of entanglement
Authors: Jokela Niko , Kastikainen Jani , Penín José Manuel , Ruotsalainen Helime 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We employ holography to investigate Liu-Mezei renormalization group monotones in conformal field theories influenced by massive flavor degrees of freedom. We examine the entanglement entropy of a spherical subregion in three holographic field theories — $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 Klebanov-Witten theory, $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM theory, and ABJM theory — with fundamental flavor. The gravity dual of massive unquenched flavor is described by dynamical D-branes, and we solve their backreaction in the smeared approximation. We compute entanglement entropy using the Ryu-Takayanagi formula in these backreacted geometries. Our findings indicate that the Liu-Mezei A- and F-functions decrease monotonically to leading order in the number of flavors across all examples. Additionally, we calculate the leading flavor contribution to entanglement entropy using an alternative probe brane method that does not require knowledge of backreaction in the bulk geometries. These results consistently match with backreacted calculations in all cases, assuming omission of a specific IR boundary term stemming from a total derivative.
Path integral and conformal instability in nonlocal quantum gravity
Authors: Calcagni Gianluca , Modesto Leonardo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We introduce the Lorentzian path integral of nonlocal quantum gravity. After introducing the functional measure, the Faddeev-Popov sector and the field correlators, we move to perturbation theory and describe Efimov analytic continuation of scattering amplitudes to Euclidean momenta and back to Lorentzian. We show that the conformal instability problem in the Euclidean path integral is solved by suitable gauge choices at the perturbative level. The three examples of Einstein gravity, Stelle gravity and nonlocal quantum gravity are given.
Hadronization and decay of excited heavy hadrons in Herwig 7
Authors: Masouminia M. R. , Richardson P. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We revisit the hadronization and decay of excited heavy mesons and heavy baryons in Herwig 7 general-purpose event-generator, following four distinct steps: (i) Passing through the polarisation of heavy hadrons at the end of parton shower through the application of heavy quark effective theory (HQET), where the emergence of a spin-flavour symmetry allows for the determination of the polarisations of the excited heavy mesons and heavy baryons from the helicity states of the light and heavy quarks. (ii) Improving the strong and radiative decay modes of the excited heavy mesons, where in the absence of conclusive experimental data on many of the decays, one needs to rely on HQET symmetries to determine the favoured decay modes, widths and branching ratios. (iii) Re-examination of the production rates of heavy hadrons using all available experimental data sources and (iv) performing a general tune for Herwig’s free parameters to reflect the implemented changes. We compare our predictions against existing experimental data in the presence/absence of the newly implemented updates. These improvements will be available with Herwig-7.3.0 public release.
Momentum-space formulae for AdS correlators for diverse theories in diverse dimensions
Authors: Albayrak Soner , Kharel Savan , Wang Xinkang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we explore correlators of a series of theories in anti-de Sitter space: we present comprehensive results for interactions involving scalars, gluons, and gravitons in multiple dimensions. One aspect of our investigation is the establishment of an intriguing connection between the kinematic factors of these theories; indeed, such a connection directly relates these theories among themselves and with other theories of higher spin fields. Besides providing several explicit results throughout the paper, we also highlight the interconnections and relationships between these different theories, providing valuable insights into their similarities and distinctions.
The frozen phase of heterotic F-theory duality
Authors: Oehlmann Paul-Konstantin , Ruehle Fabian , Sung Benjamin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We study the duality between the Spin(32)/ℤ2 heterotic string without vector structure and F-theory with frozen singularities. We give a complete description in theories with 6d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (1, 0) supersymmetry and identify the duals of Spin(32)/ℤ2-instantons on ADE singularities without vector structure in the frozen phase of F-theory using an ansatz introduced by Bhardwaj, Morrison, Tachikawa, and Tomasiello. As a consequence, we obtain a strongly coupled description of orbifold phases of type I string theory without vector structure, substantially expanding the list of known examples of 6d F-theory compactifications with frozen singularities. Supergravity theories can be fused from these instanton theories, in a way that commutes with switching off vector structure, which we use to propose new consistency checks via neutral hypermultiplet counting. Finally, we describe various Higgsings of this duality, and comment on constraints on higher form symmetries.
Influence of wet wire drawing speed on the brass-plated steel cord properties
Authors: Suliga Maciej , Kabzinski Adam , Kotecki Kamil , Kloziński Arkadiusz , Hawryluk Marek 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSteel cords are a reinforcing phase of the rubber-steel-canvas composite, and their properties, including strength, depend on the quality of the wires. The novelty of the work is a multi-parameter analysis of the cord production process, which showed that there is a relationship between the rheological properties of the lubricating emulsion, the friction conditions and deformation of the brass coating, and the properties of the wires and their resistance to cracking when braiding into a steel cord. It was shown that the friction conditions depend on the wire temperature and the rheological properties of the emulsion. As the drawing speed increases, the emulsion viscosity improves. The grease reaches its optimum at a specific drawing speed depending on the type of emulsion and the type of wire. Further increases in drawing speed result in an increase in temperature at the material/tool interface. This leads to a decrease in the viscosity of the emulsion and the breakdown of the lubricant film in the contact zone. Inappropriate selection of wet drawing speed contributes to a decrease in plastic properties and a reduction in the number of twists and bends of the wire, which leads not only to wire breakage at the stage of cord braiding but also to its premature breaking during the tensile test.