bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytomegalovirus Immediate-Early Proteins Promote Stemness Properties in Glioblastoma
Authors: Soroceanu Liliana , Matlaf Lisa , Khan Sabeena , Akhavan Armin , Singer Eric , Bezrookove Vladimir , Decker Stacy , Ghanny Saleena , Hadaczek Piotr , Bengtsson Henrik , Ohlfest John , Luciani-Torres Maria-Gloria , Harkins Lualhati , Perry Arie , Guo Hong , Soteropoulos Patricia , Cobbs Charles S. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive human brain tumor. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) immediate-early (IE) proteins that are endogenously expressed in GBM cells are strong viral transactivators with oncogenic properties. Here, we show how HCMV IEs are preferentially expressed in glioma stem–like cells (GSC), where they colocalize with the other GBM stemness markers, CD133, Nestin, and Sox2. In patient-derived GSCs that are endogenously infected with HCMV, attenuating IE expression by an RNAi-based strategy was sufficient to inhibit tumorsphere formation, Sox2 expression, cell-cycle progression, and cell survival. Conversely, HCMV infection of HMCV-negative GSCs elicited robust self-renewal and proliferation of cells that could be partially reversed by IE attenuation. In HCMV-positive GSCs, IE attenuation induced a molecular program characterized by enhanced expression of mesenchymal markers and proinflammatory cytokines, resembling the therapeutically resistant GBM phenotype. Mechanistically, HCMV/IE regulation of Sox2 occurred via inhibition of miR-145, a negative regulator of Sox2 protein expression. In a spontaneous mouse model of glioma, ectopic expression of the IE1 gene (UL123) specifically increased Sox2 and Nestin levels in the IE1-positive tumors, upregulating stemness and proliferation markers in vivo. Similarly, human GSCs infected with the HCMV strain Towne but not the IE1-deficient strain CR208 showed enhanced growth as tumorspheres and intracranial tumor xenografts, compared with mock-infected human GSCs. Overall, our findings offer new mechanistic insights into how HCMV/IE control stemness properties in GBM cells. Cancer Res; 75(15); 3065–76. ©2015 AACR.
Improving Drug Penetrability with iRGD Leverages the Therapeutic Response to Sorafenib and Doxorubicin in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Schmithals Christian , Köberle Verena , Korkusuz Hüdayi , Pleli Thomas , Kakoschky Bianca , Augusto Eduardo Alonso , Ibrahim Ahmed Atef , Arencibia Jose M. , Vafaizadeh Vida , Groner Bernd , Korf Horst-Werner , Kronenberger Bernd , Zeuzem Stefan , Vogl Thomas J. , Waidmann Oliver , Piiper Albrecht 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
iRGD is a derivative of the integrin-binding peptide RGD, which selectively increases the penetrability of tumor tissue to various coadministered substances in several preclinical models. In this study, we investigated the ability of iRGD to improve the delivery of sorafenib and doxorubicin therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using established mouse models of the disease. A contrast-enhanced MRI method was developed in parallel to assess the in vivo effects of iRGD in this setting. We found that iRGD improved the delivery of marker substances to the tumors of HCC-bearing mice about three-fold without a parallel increase in normal tissues. Control peptides lacking the critical CendR motif had no effect. Similarly, iRGD also selectively increased the signal intensity from tumors in Gd-DTPA–enhanced MRI. In terms of antitumor efficacy, iRGD coadministration significantly augmented the individual inhibitory effects of sorafenib and doxorubicin without increasing systemic toxicity. Overall, our results offered a preclinical proof of concept for the use of iRGD coadministration as a strategy to widen the therapeutic window for HCC chemotherapy, as monitored by Gd-DTPA–enhanced MRI as a noninvasive, clinically applicable method to identify iRGD-reactive tumors. Cancer Res; 75(15); 3147–54. ©2015 AACR.
Disrupting Vestibular Activity Disrupts Body Ownership
Authors: Hoover Adria E. N. , Harris Laurence R. 
Published: August 2015

People are more sensitive at detecting asynchrony between a self-generated movement and visual feedback concerning that movement when the movement is viewed from a first-person perspective. We call this the ‘self-advantage’ and interpret it as an objective measure of self. Here we ask if disruption of the vestibular system in healthy individuals affects the self-advantage. Participants performed finger movements while viewing their hand in a first-person (‘self’) or third-person (‘other’) perspective and indicated which of two periods (one with minimum delay and the other with an added delay of 33–264 ms) was delayed. Their sensitivity to the delay was calculated from the psychometric functions obtained. During the testing, disruptive galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) was applied in five-minute blocks interleaved with five minutes of no stimulation for a total of 40 min. We confirmed the self-advantage under no stimulation (31 ms). In the presence of disruptive GVS this advantage disappeared and there was no longer a difference in performance between perspectives. The threshold delay for the ‘other’ perspective was not affected by the GVS. These results suggest that an intact vestibular signal is required to distinguish ‘self’ from ‘other’ and to maintain a sense of body ownership.
Solitary Waves and Undular Bores in a Mesosphere Duct
Authors: Grimshaw Roger , Broutman Dave , Laughman Brian , Eckermann Stephen D. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Mesospheric bores have been observed and measured in the mesopause region near 100-km altitude, where they propagate horizontally along a duct of relatively strong density stratification. Here, a weakly nonlinear theory is developed for the description of these mesospheric bores. It extends previous theories by allowing internal gravity wave radiation from the duct into the surrounding stratified regions, which are formally assumed to be weakly stratified. The radiation away from the duct is expected to be important for bore energetics. The theory is compared with a numerical simulation of the full Navier–Stokes equations in the Boussinesq approximation. Two initial conditions are considered. The first is a solitary wave solution that would propagate without change of form if the region outside the duct were unstratified. The second is a sinusoid that evolves into an undular bore. The main conclusion is that, while solitary waves and undular bores decay by radiation from the duct, they can survive as significant structures over sufficiently long periods (~100 min) to be observable.
Seasonality and Predictability of the Indian Ocean Dipole Mode: ENSO Forcing and Internal Variability
Authors: Yang Yun , Xie Shang-Ping , Wu Lixin , Kosaka Yu , Lau Ngar-Cheung , Vecchi Gabriel A. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This study evaluates the relative contributions to the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) mode of interannual variability from the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) forcing and ocean–atmosphere feedbacks internal to the Indian Ocean. The ENSO forcing and internal variability is extracted by conducting a 10-member coupled simulation for 1950–2012 where sea surface temperature (SST) is restored to the observed anomalies over the tropical Pacific but interactive with the atmosphere over the rest of the World Ocean. In these experiments, the ensemble mean is due to ENSO forcing and the intermember difference arises from internal variability of the climate system independent of ENSO. These elements contribute one-third and two-thirds of the total IOD variance, respectively. Both types of IOD variability develop into an east–west dipole pattern because of Bjerknes feedback and peak in September–November. The ENSO forced and internal IOD modes differ in several important ways. The forced IOD mode develops in August with a broad meridional pattern and eventually evolves into the Indian Ocean basin mode, while the internal IOD mode grows earlier in June, is more confined to the equator, and decays rapidly after October. The internal IOD mode is more skewed than the ENSO forced response. The destructive interference of ENSO forcing and internal variability can explain early terminating IOD events, referred to as IOD-like perturbations that fail to grow during boreal summer. The results have implications for predictability. Internal variability, as represented by preseason sea surface height anomalies off Sumatra, contributes to predictability considerably. Including this indicator of internal variability, together with ENSO, improves the predictability of IOD.
A Mechanism of Internal Decadal Atlantic Ocean Variability in a High-Resolution Coupled Climate Model
Authors: Menary Matthew B. , Hodson Daniel L. R. , Robson Jon I. , Sutton Rowan T. , Wood Richard A. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The North Atlantic Ocean subpolar gyre (NA SPG) is an important region for initializing decadal climate forecasts. Climate model simulations and paleoclimate reconstructions have indicated that this region could also exhibit large, internally generated variability on decadal time scales. Understanding these modes of variability, their consistency across models, and the conditions in which they exist is clearly important for improving the skill of decadal predictions—particularly when these predictions are made with the same underlying climate models. This study describes and analyzes a mode of internal variability in the NA SPG in a state-of-the-art, high-resolution, coupled climate model. This mode has a period of 17 yr and explains 15%–30% of the annual variance in related ocean indices. It arises because of the advection of heat content anomalies around the NA SPG. Anomalous circulation drives the variability in the southern half of the NA SPG, while mean circulation and anomalous temperatures are important in the northern half. A negative feedback between Labrador Sea temperatures/densities and those in the North Atlantic Current (NAC) is identified, which allows for the phase reversal. The atmosphere is found to act as a positive feedback on this mode via the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), which itself exhibits a spectral peak at 17 yr. Decadal ocean density changes associated with this mode are driven by variations in temperature rather than salinity—a point which models often disagree on and which may affect the veracity of the underlying assumptions of anomaly-assimilating decadal prediction methodologies.
Real-World Impact of Setting a Narrow International Normalized Ratio Target Range in the Management of Older Adult Patients on Warfarin
Authors: Ong Peter Y. S. , Koomanan Narendran , Cheen McVin H. H. , Lai Yi Feng , Lim Seng Han , Kong Ming Chai , Ng Heng Joo 
Published: August 2015

Introduction: Elderly patients intrinsically have higher bleeding risks, deterring clinicians from prescribing them oral anticoagulants. Setting a narrow international normalized ratio (INR) target range might potentially mitigate some of these risks. This study sought to compare the outcomes of elderly patients who were assigned to either a narrow INR target range or the conventional INR target range in a real-world environment. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study with the primary and secondary outcomes being the mean percentage time above INR 3.0 and the mean percentage time below INR 2.0 and the incidents of bleeding and thromboembolism associated with oral anticoagulant therapy, respectively. Patients and health care workers managing them had no prior knowledge of this study. Results: Data of 150 patients with a narrow INR target range (2.0-2.5) and 164 patients with a conventional INR target range (2.0-3.0) were collected and analyzed. The narrow INR group had significantly higher underlying risks of bleeding than the conventional INR group. Patients in the narrow INR group had a significantly lower percentage time above INR 3.0 but no significant difference in the percentage time below INR 2.0. Adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) for bleeding events was significantly lower for the narrow INR group, while the adjusted IRR for thromboembolic events between both groups was similar. Conclusion: Patients assigned to a narrow INR target range in real-world practice spent a significantly lower amount of time below an INR of 3.0 compared to conventional INR target range with lower incidents of bleeding complications and no increase in subtherapeutic INRs.
Transcriptome of the egg parasitoid Fopius arisanus: an important biocontrol tool for Tephritid fruit fly suppression
Authors: Calla Bernarda , Sim Sheina B. , Hall Brian , DeRego Theodore , Liang Guang Hong , Geib Scott M. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Background
The Braconid wasp Fopius arisanus (Sonan) has been utilized for biological control of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata), and the oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis), both of which are phytophagous fruit fly pests of economic importance in many tropical and subtropical regions of the world. We have sequenced and assembled the transcriptome of this wasp using tissue from four different life stages: larvae, pupae, adult males and adult females, with the aim to contribute foundational resources to aid in the understanding of the biology and behavior of this important parasitoid.

Findings
The transcriptome of the parasitic wasp Fopius arisanus was sequenced and reconstructed using a strategy that identified 15,346 high confidence, non-redundant transcripts derived from 8,307 predicted unigenes. In addition, Pfam domain annotations were detected in 78 % of these transcripts. The distribution of transcript length is comparable to that found in other hymenoptera genomes. Through orthology analysis, 7,154 transcripts were identified as having orthologs in at least one of the four other hymenopteran parasitoid species examined. Approximately 4,000 core orthologs were found to be shared between F. arisanus and all four of the other parasitoids.

Conclusions
Availability of high quality genomic data is fundamental for the improvement and advancement of research in any biological organism. Parasitic wasps are important in the biological control of agricultural pests. The transcriptome data presented here represent the first large-scale molecular resource for this species, or any closely related Opiine species. The assembly is available in NCBI for use by the scientific community, with supporting data available in GigaDB.
Effect of the different assays of HbA1c on diabetic patients monitoring
Authors: Razi Farideh , Nasli Esfahani Ensieh , Rahnamaye Farzami Marjan , Tootee Ali , Qorbani Mostafa , Ebrahimi Soltan Ahmad , Nahid Mehrzad , Pasalar Parvin 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background
HbA1c test is widely used for glycemic monitoring of diabetic patients. This study aimed to evaluate clinical performance of different assays for classification of patients into controlled and uncontrolled group base on ADA recommendations.

Method
A total of 154 samples from patients with diabetes type 2 with HbA1c concentration covering the whole clinical range were analyzed by four commercially methods; D-10 Hb A1c (Bio-Rad Laboratories), Cobas Integra 400 (Roche Diagnostics), NycoCard Reader II (Axis-Shield) and DS5 (Drew Scientific). For each individual assay, patient’s results were classified into controlled and uncontrolled groups (less or more than three decision levels; 6.5 %, 7 % and 8 %) compared to D10 results as reference method. The frequency of each group and also sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive value were estimated.

Results
We found a significant correlation between assays (r: 0.937–0.945). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the evaluated method to identify uncontrolled patients were as follows: 49.2–95.7 %, 86.5–100 %, 89.1–100 %, and 52.9–93.3 %; respectively.

Conclusions
Results show that some HbA1c assays capability to classify diabetic patients according to HbA1c level is still unacceptable.
Detecting clandestine tunnels using near-surface seismic techniques
Authors: Sloan Steven D. , Peterie Shelby L. , Miller Richard D. , Ivanov Julian , Schwenk J. Tyler , McKenna Jason R. 
Published: August 2015

Geophysical detection of clandestine tunnels is a complex problem that has met with limited success. Multiple methods have been applied, spanning several decades, but a reliable solution has yet to be found. We evaluated shallow seismic data collected at a tunnel test site representative of geologic settings found along the southwestern U.S. border. Our results demonstrated the capability of using P-wave diffraction and surface-wave backscatter techniques to detect a purpose-built subterranean tunnel. Near-surface seismic data were also collected at multiple sites in Afghanistan to detect and locate subsurface anomalies, including data collected over the escape tunnel discovered in 2011 at the Sarposa Prison in Kandahar, Afghanistan, which allowed more than 480 prisoners to escape, and data from another shallow tunnel recently discovered at an undisclosed location. The final example from Afghanistan was the first time surface-based geophysical methods have detected a tunnel whose presence and location was not previously known. Seismic results directly led to the discovery of the tunnel. Interpreted tunnel locations for all examples were within less than 2 m of the actual location. Seismic surface-wave backscatter and body-wave diffraction methods showed promise for efficient data acquisition and processing for locating purposefully hidden tunnels within unconsolidated sediments.
Automated reflection picking and polarity assessment through attribute analysis: Theory and application to synthetic and real ground-penetrating radar data
Authors: Dossi Matteo , Forte Emanuele , Pipan Michele 
Published: August 2015

We have developed a procedure to automatically detect, pick, and characterize reflections in either seismic or ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data sets. Accurate picking results are essential in many research and application fields and are mandatory to recover the underground stratigraphy and reflectivity and, therefore, to create a more constrained subsurface model. We use the cosine of the instantaneous phase to track events with lateral phase continuity and record them in terms of time-space positions, amplitude, and polarity. Moreover, we use the cosine phase to reconstruct the shape of the reflected wavelets by averaging it along the picked horizons, to recover the initial phase of each reflection and, therefore, their polarities. By comparing the polarities of the transmitted and reflected wavelets, we can recover the impedance contrasts in the subsurface and evaluate the properties of the materials. We applied the picking and polarity assessment algorithms to a synthetic data set. We inverted the picked amplitudes and traveltimes to test the accuracy of the procedure by comparing the calculated stratigraphy and velocity distribution with the initial model. The inverted results were consistent with the original data, with most discordances in the stratigraphy within a few tens of centimeters, using a wavelet with a central frequency equal to 300 MHz. Local larger discrepancies were probably caused by interferences altering the amplitudes and resulting in the overestimation of the impedance contrasts. We also applied automatic picking and phase assessment procedures to real glaciological and archaeological GPR surveys, in which the influence of noise and diffractions was critically evaluated by comparing the picked results obtained from raw and processed data.
EEG correlates of social interaction at distance
Authors: Giroldini William , Pederzoli Luciano , Bilucaglia Marco , Caini Patrizio , Ferrini Alessandro , Melloni Simone , Prati Elena , Tressoldi Patrizio E. 
Published: August 2015

This study investigated EEG correlates of social interaction at distance between twenty-five pairs of participants who were not connected by any traditional channels of communication.Each session involved the application of 128 stimulations separated by intervals of random duration ranging from 4 to 6 seconds. One of the pair received a one-second stimulation from a light signal produced by an arrangement of red LEDs, and a simultaneous 500 Hz sinusoidal audio signal of the same length. The other member of the pair sat in an isolated sound-proof room, such that any sensory interaction between the pair was impossible.An analysis of the Event-Related Potentials associated with sensory stimulation using traditional averaging methods showed a distinct peak at approximately 300 ms, but only in the EEG activity of subjects who were directly stimulated. However, when a new algorithm was applied to the EEG activity based on the correlation between signals from all active electrodes, a weak but robust response was also detected in the EEG activity of the passive member of the pair, particularly within 9 – 10 Hz in the Alpha range. Using the Bootstrap method and the Monte Carlo emulation, this signal was found to be statistically significant.
About Creating of Educational and Methodical Complex for Accompanying Graphic Training of Students
Authors: Крайнова  , Kraynova M. , Александрова  , Aleksandrova E. , Столбова  , Stolbova I. , Кочурова  , Kochurova L. 
Published: August 2015

The article aims to present the experience of the
development of educational and methodical complex for accompanying
graphic training of students of Perm national research
Polytechnic University. In the heart of the development methodology
are competence-based approach, the unification of subject
training level in the GEF VPO and modular organization of educational
process. A review of the scientific and pedagogical literature
and analyzed the experience of the graphic training of students
at the technical University. The structure of educational and methodical
complex of discipline and justified a resource for the individual
units of the complex.
In modern conditions the quality of education is determined
through the structure of relationships among elements of achievable
learning outcomes as a set of knowledge, skills, abilities, possessions.
An important task of the teacher is to create learning environments,
partially simulating actual professional activity of a graduate to obtain
the planned curriculum learning outcomes. Need to reorganize all
forms of learning, including lectures, practical classes, laboratory
work, independent activities of the trainees and how the integration
of individual learning outcomes, – research work of students.
When designing tasks for independent work of students used
the principle of individualization of learning. When performing
tasks, it is possible to choose a student´s trajectory of project development,
including the choice of level of complexity, technological
implementation and presentation of the finished project.
Control and diagnostic unit includes the materials developed
for the assessment activities at different stages of the educational
process. The description of the applied controls, and provides
specific examples of assessment of learning outcomes.
For effective organization level graphic training of students of
the University have developed a &#34;road map&#34; methodological support
of educational activity of students. It allows teachers to efficiently
use the available educational resources of the educational-methodical
complex. The experience methodological support to effectively implement
the educational process in the graphic disciplines, to improve
graphic skills and to build the students planned the substantive
competence.
The analysis of the main problems of low effective management of innovative processes of the enterprises in the conditions of modern economy of Russia
Authors: Голубкова Людмила , Golubkova Lyudmila , Шаренков Сергей , Sharenkov Sergey 
Published: August 2015

The article considers the problem of constructing in Russian
economy based on innovation commercialization. It explores
the role of “innovator” in the construction of such an economic
system; examines the transformation of the interaction of “innovator”
and market infrastructure innovations.