bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Work locus of control and dispositional optimism as antecedents to job insecurity
Authors: Bosman J , Buitendach J H , Rothman S 
Published: August 2012

The primary objective of this research was to investigate the relationship between job insecurity, work locus of control and dispositional optimism of employees working in two financial institutions (N = 605). Results showed a practically significant relationship between job insecurity and work locus of control, implying that external locus of control was associated with higher levels of job insecurity. It was furthermore found that increased levels of dispositional optimism were associated with decreased levels of job insecurity. Both work locus of control and dispositional optimism held predictive value with regard to job insecurity whilst controlling for the impact of demographic variables.

Opsomming
Die hoofdoelwit met hierdie studie was om die verhouding tussen werksonsekerheid, werk lokus van beheer en disposisionele optimisme te ondersoek van werknemers werksaam binne twee finansiële instellings (N = 605). ’n Dwarssneeopname-ontwerp is gebruik. Die resultate het aangetoon dat daar ’n prakties betekenisvolle verband bestaan tussen werk lokus van beheer en werksonsekerheid, wat beteken dat eksterne lokus van beheer geassosieer was met verhoogde vlakke van werksonsekerheid. Dit was verdermeer bevind dat verhoogde vlakke van disposisionele optimisme geassosieer was met laer vlakke van werksonsekerheid. Beide werk lokus van beheer and disposisionele optimisme het voorspellingswaarde met betrekking tot werksonsekerheid gehad terwyl die impak van demografiese veranderlikes gekontroleer is.
The association of selected SPEEX-battery indices with the constructs of the multifactor leadership questionnaire
Authors: Sugreen G , Schepers J M 
Published: August 2012

The principal objective of the study was to determine the relationship between certain indices of the SPEEX-battery and the leadership dimensions of the MLQ. The SPEEX-battery was subjected to factor analysis and yielded six factors. The reliabilities of the composite scores calculated to represent each of the factors ranged from 0,712 to 0,925. The MLQ was also subjected to factor analysis and yielded three factors. A canonical correlation of 0,666 (p < 0, 000001) was obtained between the indices of the SPEEX-battery (IV’s) and the leadership dimensions of the MLQ (DV’s). The implications of the findings are discussed.

Opsomming
Die hoofdoelwit van die studie was om die verband tussen sekere indekse van die SPEEX-battery en die leierskapsdimensies van die MLQ te bepaal. Die SPEEX-battery is aan ’n faktorontleding onderwerp en ses faktore is verkry. Saamgesteldetellings is bereken om elk van die faktore te verteenwoordig. Die verkreë betroubaarhede het gewissel van 0,712 tot 0,925. Die MLQ is ook aan ’n faktorontleding onderwerp en drie faktore is verkry. ’n Kanoniese korrelasie van 0,666 (p< 0,000001) is verkry tussen die dimensies van die SPEEX-battery (OV’s) en die leierskapsdimensies van die MLQ (AV’s). Die implikasies van die studie word bespreek.
Geslagsverskille in die ouditiewe ontlokte potensiaal van die brein
Authors: Stuart Anita D 
Published: August 2012

Gender differences in the auditory evoked potential of the brain. Based on literature indications of an association between temperament characteristics and the evoked potential of the brain, and indications of gender differences in certain temperament traits, the purpose of this study was to ascertain whether evoked responses also differentiated between the genders. A sample of 81 male and 210 female students was randomly selected. Two auditory evoked potential procedures were applied. The results indicated statistically significant
differences in evoked potential responses between the genders. The results are interpreted against the background
of sensory and neurological sources of the evoked potential responses and linked to the neurophysiological
foundations of temperament.

Opsomming: Gegrond op aanduidings in die literatuur van ’n assosiasie tussen temperamentskenmerke en die ontlokte potensiaal van die brein, sowel as aanduidings van geslagsverskille in sekere temperamentstrekke, was die doel van die huidige studie om te bepaal of ontloktepotensiaal-response ook tussen die geslagte onderskei. ’n Steekproef van 81 manlike en 210 vroulike studente is ewekansig geselekteer. Twee ouditiewe ontloktepotensiaal- prosedures is toegepas. Die resultate het op statisties beduidende verskille tussen die geslagte gedui. Die bevindinge word teen die agtergrond van die sensoriese en neurologiese oorsprong van ontloktepotensiaal–response geïnterpreteer en verbind aan die neurofisiologiese verankering van temperament.
Cmmunity development: The risks and opportunities of affirmative business enterprises’ participation in construction in South Africa
Authors: Hauptfleisch A. C. , Meintjes G. J. 
Published: August 2012

This research focuses on community development, specifically the upliftment and empowerment of previously disadvantaged people, through the participation of affirmative business enterprises (ABEs), in construction projects in South Africa. The significant change in the government’s approach to procurement of goods and services in the construction industry since 1994 and the development and implementation of affirmative procurement strategies by the government after 1994, gave rise to this research. Based on a literature study and a survey done by means of a questionnaire, this study identifies and evaluates the risks and opportunities as a result of the participation of ABEs in construction projects. The experience gained and lessons learned by construction managers of established construction enterprises, who were involved in managing these risks and opportunities, are analysed. On the basis of the foregoing, recommendations are made to enhance the successful outcomes of future development projects.
Genetic algorithms in computer aided inductor design
Authors: Fivaz Jean , Cronjé Willem A. 
Published: August 2012

The goal of this investigation is to determine the advantages of using genetic algorithms in computer-aided design as applied to inductors. These advantages are exploited in design problems with a number of specifications and constraints, as encountered in power electronics during practical inductor design. The design tool should be able to select components, such as cores and wires, from databases of available components, and evaluate these choices based on the components’ characteristic data read from a database of manufacturers’ data-sheets. The proposed design must always be practically realizable, as close to the desired specifications as possible and within any specified constraints.
Problem-based approach to mathematics in grades 9 and 11 in the Limpopo Province
Authors: Maree J. G. , Molepo J. M. , Owen J. H. , Ehlers R. 
Published: August 2012

Teachers of schools in the central region of the Limpopo Province of South Africa received training in a problem-based approach to the teaching and learning of mathematics and introduced these principles into their classes. Follow-up visits to schools took place on a monthly basis for one year. 800 learners in Grades 9 and 11 completed the Study Orientation Questionnaire in Mathematics (SOM). Mean age in Grade 11 was 17.5 yr. (SD = 1.4), and in Grade 9, 15.1 yr., (SD = 1.2). The differences between the post- and pre-test marks for the two groups were compared. The means for marks in mathematics were significantly different for the two groups.
Through Which Channels Can Remittances Spur Economic Growth in MENA Countries?
Authors: Ben Mim Sami , Ben Ali Mohamed Sami 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis paper studies the remittances’ effect on economic growth. Using panel data techniques, the authors estimate several specifications to provide support of such relationship for MENA countries over the period 1980–2009. The findings provide new robust evidence on how remittances are used in MENA countries and detect the main channels which may interfere in this process. Estimation outcomes show that the most important part of remittances is consumed and that remittances stimulate growth only when they are invested. Moreover, empirical results suggest that remittances can enhance growth by encouraging human capital accumulation. Human capital is therefore an effective channel through which remittances stimulate growth in MENA countries.
What's Going on? An Overview of Adult Education Policies in Spain
Authors: Lucio-Villegas Emilio 
Published: August 2012

In this paper, I attempt to present the state of adult education in Spain. Adult education in Spain is not unlike that of other countries in Europe in that it focuses on the policies and practices of lifelong learning rather than on the perspectives of people and communities. However, Spain has two specific characteristics that are distinctive from other European countries: first, the foundation for its educational heritage comes from the dark times during the post-war Franco dictatorship – but not only from that. Second, while Spain is seen as a sovereign territorial unit, the country could be considered a fragmented group of different territories, each with claims of autonomy. Starting from these two distinctions, I will explore the consequences of an adult education model in Spain which is based on encouraging people to participate to become only workers rather than active citizens.
Mechanical and Thermal Management Characteristics of Ultrahigh Surface Area Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube Aerogels
Authors: Kim Kyu Hun , Oh Youngseok , Islam Mohammad F. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractLightweight aerogels with large specific surface area (SSA) have numerous applications. Free‐standing aerogels are created from single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and their SSA and pore characteristics, electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, and thermal management attributes are determined. The SSA of the aerogels is extraordinarily high and approaches 1291 m2 g−1 at a density of 7.3 mg mL−1, which is close to the theoretical limit (≈1315 m2 g−1). Mechanical characterization shows that these aerogels have open‐cell structures and their Young's moduli are higher than other aerogels at comparable density. The aerogels also enhance heat transfer in a forced convective process by ≈85%, presumably due to their large porosity and surface area.
Electrical Conductivity and Ferromagnetism in a Reduced Graphene–Metal Oxide Hybrid
Authors: Karim Mohammad Razaul , Shinoda Hideaki , Nakai Mina , Hatakeyama Kazuto , Kamihata Hidenobu , Matsui Takeshi , Taniguchi Takaaki , Koinuma Michio , Kuroiwa Keita , Kurmoo Mohamedally , Matsumoto Yasumichi , Hayami Shinya 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe rare coexistence of ferromagnetism and electrical conductivity is observed in the reduced graphene oxide–metal oxide hybrids, rGO‐Co, rGO‐Ni, and rGO‐Fe, using chemical reduction with hydrazine or ultraviolet photoirradiation of the graphene oxide–metal complexes, GO‐Co, GO‐Ni, and GO‐Fe. The starting and final materials are characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), elemental analysis, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. In contrast to graphene, where the electrical conductivity and magnetic properties are controlled by carrier (electron or hole) doping, those of graphene oxide can be controlled by complexation with Co2+, Ni2+, and Fe3+ cations through the strong electrostatic affinity of negatively charged graphene oxide towards metal cations. The presence of ferromagnetism and electrical conductivity in these hybrids can promote significant applications including magnetic switching and data storage.
Tau phosphorylation pathway genes and cerebrospinal fluid tau levels in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Bekris Lynn M. , Millard Steve , Lutz Franziska , Li Gail , Galasko Doug R. , Farlow Martin R. , Quinn Joseph F. , Kaye Jeffrey A. , Leverenz James B. , Tsuang Debby W. , Yu Chang‐En , Peskind Elaine R. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the presence in the brain of amyloid plaques, consisting predominately of the amyloid β peptide (Aβ), and neurofibrillary tangles, consisting primarily of tau. Hyper‐phosphorylated‐tau (p‐tau) contributes to neuronal damage, and both p‐tau and total‐tau (t‐tau) levels are elevated in AD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) compared to cognitively normal controls. Our hypothesis was that increased ratios of CSF phosphorylated‐tau levels relative to total‐tau levels correlate with regulatory region genetic variation of kinase or phosphatase genes biologically associated with the phosphorylation status of tau. Eighteen SNPs located within 5′ and 3′ regions of 5 kinase and 4 phosphatase genes, as well as two SNPs within regulatory regions of the MAPT gene were chosen for this analysis. The study sample consisted of 101 AD patients and 169 cognitively normal controls. Rs7768046 in the FYN kinase gene and rs913275 in the PPP2R4 phosphatase gene were both associated with CSF p‐tau and t‐tau levels in AD. These SNPs were also differentially associated with either CSF t‐tau (rs7768046) or CSF p‐tau (rs913275) relative to t‐tau levels in AD compared to controls. These results suggest that rs7768046 and rs913275 both influence CSF tau levels in an AD‐associated manner. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The association between supraorbital ethmoid air cells and orbital proptosis in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Comer Brett T. , Kincaid Nathan W. , Kountakis Stilianos E. 
Published: August 2012

BackgroundOrbital proptosis is a known possible complication in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). This study was undertaken to determine the association of sinus anatomy and anatomic variants with the predisposition for such a complication.All adult patients (n = 16) with orbital proptosis were identified from a prospectively‐collected database at a tertiary institution. These were compared with a series of randomly‐selected patients (n = 50) diagnosed with chronic sinusitis and who had undergone sinus computed tomography. The presence or absence of supraorbital ethmoid air cells (SOECs) was noted and compared between the 2 groups. The primary sinus anatomy responsible for the proptosis was also identified. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi squared test.Sixteen patients with orbital proptosis were identified, of which all but 1 had SOECs present. Causal analysis showed that in all but 1 case the SOECs were the cause of proptosis. Of the 50 patients with CRS but without proptosis, only 13 had SOECs present and 37 patients did not (chi squared = 22.8, p = 0.000002).SOECs appear to be highly associated with and most often are responsible for orbital proptosis in patients with CRS. © 2012 ARS–AAOA, LLC.MethodsAll adult patients (n = 16) with orbital proptosis were identified from a prospectively‐collected database at a tertiary institution. These were compared with a series of randomly‐selected patients (n = 50) diagnosed with chronic sinusitis and who had undergone sinus computed tomography. The presence or absence of supraorbital ethmoid air cells (SOECs) was noted and compared between the 2 groups. The primary sinus anatomy responsible for the proptosis was also identified. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi squared test.Sixteen patients with orbital proptosis were identified, of which all but 1 had SOECs present. Causal analysis showed that in all but 1 case the SOECs were the cause of proptosis. Of the 50 patients with CRS but without proptosis, only 13 had SOECs present and 37 patients did not (chi squared = 22.8, p = 0.000002).SOECs appear to be highly associated with and most often are responsible for orbital proptosis in patients with CRS. © 2012 ARS–AAOA, LLC.ResultsSixteen patients with orbital proptosis were identified, of which all but 1 had SOECs present. Causal analysis showed that in all but 1 case the SOECs were the cause of proptosis. Of the 50 patients with CRS but without proptosis, only 13 had SOECs present and 37 patients did not (chi squared = 22.8, p = 0.000002).SOECs appear to be highly associated with and most often are responsible for orbital proptosis in patients with CRS. © 2012 ARS–AAOA, LLC.ConclusionSOECs appear to be highly associated with and most often are responsible for orbital proptosis in patients with CRS. © 2012 ARS–AAOA, LLC.
Epithelial permeability alterations in an in vitro air–liquid interface model of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis
Authors: Den Beste Kyle A. , Hoddeson Elizabeth K. , Parkos Charles A. , Nusrat Asma , Wise Sarah K. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackground:Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory upper‐airway disease with numerous etiologies. Patients with a characteristic subtype of CRS, allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS), display increased expression of T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines and antigen‐specific immunoglobulin E (IgE). Various sinonasal inflammatory conditions are associated with alterations in epithelial barrier function. The aim of this study was to compare epithelial permeability and intercellular junctional protein expression among cultured primary sinonasal cells from AFRS patients vs noninflammatory controls.Methods:Epithelial cells isolated from paranasal sinus mucosa of AFRS and noninflammatory control patients were grown to confluence on permeable supports and transitioned to air–liquid interface (ALI). Transepithelial resistance (TER) was measured with a horizontal Ussing chamber to characterize the functional permeability of each cell type. After TER recordings were complete, a panel of intercellular junctional proteins was assessed by Western blot and immunofluorescence labeling followed by confocal microscopy.Results:After 12 samples were measured from each group, we observed a 41% mean decrease in TER in AFRS cells (296 ± 89 ohms × cm2) compared to control (503 ± 134 ohms × cm2, p = 0.006). TER deficits observed in AFRS were associated with decreased expression of the tight junction proteins occludin and junctional adhesion molecule‐A (JAM‐A), and increased expression of a leaky tight junction protein claudin‐2.Conclusion:Cultured sinonasal epithelium from AFRS patients displayed increased epithelial permeability and altered expression of intercellular junctional proteins. Given that these cells were not incubated with inflammatory cytokines in vitro, the cultured AFRS epithelial alterations may represent a retained modification in protein expression from the in vivo phenotype. © 2013 ARS–AAOA, LLC.
Dark matter evidence, particle physics candidates and detection methods
Authors: Bergström L. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe problem of the dark matter in the universe is reviewed. A short history of the subject is given, and several of the most obvious particle candidates for dark matter are identified. Particular focus is given to weakly interacting, massive particles (WIMPs) of which the lightest supersymmetric particle is an interesting special case and a useful template. The three detection methods: in particle accelerators, by direct detections of scattering in terrestrial detectors, and indirect detection of products from dark matter particle annihilation in the galactic halo, are discussed and their complementarity is explained. Direct detection experiments have revealed some possible indications of a dark matter signal, but the situation is quite confusing at the moment. Very recently, also indirect detection has entered a sensitivity region where some particle candidates could be detectable. Indeed, also here there are some (presently non‐conclusive) indications of possible dark matter signals, like an interesting structure at 130 GeV γ‐ray energy found in publicly available data from the Fermi‐LAT space detector. The future of the field will depend on whether WIMPs are indeed the dark matter, something that may realistically be probed in the next few years. If this exciting scenario turns out to be true, we can expect a host of other, complementary experiments in the coming decade. If it is not true, the time scale and methods for detection will be much more uncertain.
The relationships between adult juvenile idiopathic arthritis and employment
Authors: Malviya Ajay , Rushton Stephen P. , Foster Helen E. , Ferris Calum M. , Hanson Helen , Muthumayandi Karthik , Deehan David J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectiveThe chronicity of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) into adulthood and attendant potential disability may adversely influence educational attainment and the ability to secure and maintain gainful employment. We undertook this study to investigate the effects of patient‐ and disease‐specific factors on education and employment outcomes in a group of adult patients with JIA.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional study of 103 consecutive adults attending a JIA continuity clinic, and patients who consented completed questionnaires relating to educational achievement, employment status, and functional disability (the Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index [HAQ DI]), and, for those who were employed, the rheumatoid arthritis Work Instability Scale. We used the structural equation modeling technique to study key patient and disease variables for employment in adults with JIA.ResultsThe median age of patients was 24 years (range 17–71 years) with median disease duration of 19 years (range 7–67 years). Functional disability (the mean HAQ DI score) was significantly lower in patients who were employed (P = 0.03) and in those with oligoarticular JIA (t = 2.29, P = 0.02). Educational achievement was not influenced by JIA subtype (F = 1.18, P = 0.33). Educational achievement measured by General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) grades had a positive effect on the type of job achieved in later life (F = 11.63, P = 0.001), with greater success leading to more professional or managerial posts. In the complex structural equation model, job stability was influenced positively by educational achievement measured by GCSE grades and negatively by the HAQ DI score (t = 10.94, P = 6.36 × 10−16).ConclusionEducational attainment is key to successful employability and is influenced by functional disability rather than by JIA subtype. These findings have implications for choice of occupation and delivery of career advice to aid decision making by young people with JIA.