bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tissue Characterization After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation Using Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Malle Caroline , Tada Tomohisa , Steigerwald Kristin , Ughi Giovanni J. , Schuster Tibor , Nakano Masataka , Massberg Steffen , Jehle Johannes , Guagliumi Giulio , Kastrati Adnan , Virmani Renu , Byrne Robert A. , Joner Michael 
Published: March 2013

Objective—
To validate optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging for assessment of vascular healing in a preclinical animal model and human autopsy cases and to translate the findings to the assessment of vascular healing after drug-eluting stent implantation in clinical practice.

Approach and Results—
Drug-eluting and bare metal stents were imaged 28 and 42 days after implantation in atherosclerotic rabbits using OCT and simultaneously evaluated by histology. After coregistration with histology, gray-scale signal intensity (GSI) was measured for identified mature or immature neointimal tissue. Autopsy specimens were imaged with OCT and GSI values correlated with histology. Finally, prospective OCT imaging and GSI measurements were acquired in 10 patients undergoing follow-up 6 months after stenting with drug-eluting stents. Histopathologic and OCT morphometric analysis of implanted stents showed excellent correlation. Neointimal growth and vessel healing at 28 days in the animal model best correlated with human stented arteries at 6 months. In animal and human autopsy specimens, mature neointimal tissue consistently showed higher GSI values. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis displayed high sensitivity and specificity for detection of mature neointima in animal (96% and 79%, respectively) and human autopsy (89% and 71%, respectively) data. In patients undergoing OCT follow-up 6 months after drug-eluting stent implantation, prospective GSI analysis revealed that a minimum of 27.7% of areas above stent struts represented mature neointima.

Conclusions—
Novel GSI analysis of OCT imaging data allows distinction between mature and immature neointimal tissue in animal models, autopsy specimens, and patients undergoing invasive surveillance in simple atherosclerotic lesions.
Long-Term Safety and Effectiveness of Mechanical Versus Biologic Aortic Valve Prostheses in Older Patients
Authors: Brennan J. Matthew , Edwards Fred H. , Zhao Yue , O’Brien Sean , Booth Michael E. , Dokholyan Rachel S. , Douglas Pamela S. , Peterson Eric D. 
Published: March 2013

Background—
There is a paucity of long-term data comparing biological versus mechanical aortic valve prostheses in older individuals.

Methods and Results—
We performed follow-up of patients aged 65 to 80 years undergoing aortic valve replacement with a biological (n=24 410) or mechanical (n=14 789) prosthesis from 1991 to 1999 at 605 centers within the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database using Medicare inpatient claims (mean, 12.6 years; maximum, 17 years; minimum, 8 years), and outcomes were compared by propensity methods. Among Medicare-linked patients undergoing aortic valve replacement (mean age, 73 years), both reoperation (4.0%) and endocarditis (1.9%) were uncommon to 12 years; however, the risk for other adverse outcomes was high, including death (66.5%), stroke (14.1%), and bleeding (17.9%). Compared with those receiving a mechanical valve, patients given a bioprosthesis had a similar adjusted risk for death (hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.07), higher risks for reoperation (hazard ratio, 2.55; 95% confidence interval, 2.14–3.03) and endocarditis (hazard ratio, 1.60; 95% confidence interval, 1.31–1.94), and lower risks for stroke (hazard ratio, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.82–0.93) and bleeding (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.62–0.70). Although these results were generally consistent among patient subgroups, bioprosthesis patients aged 65 to 69 years had a substantially elevated 12-year absolute risk of reoperation (10.5%).

Conclusions—
Among patients undergoing aortic valve replacement, long-term mortality rates were similar for those who received bioprosthetic versus mechanical valves. Bioprostheses were associated with a higher long-term risk of reoperation and endocarditis but a lower risk of stroke and hemorrhage. These risks varied as a function of a patient’s age and comorbidities.
Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of First Stroke
Authors: Threapleton Diane E. , Greenwood Darren C. , Evans Charlotte E.L. , Cleghorn Cristine L. , Nykjaer Camilla , Woodhead Charlotte , Cade Janet E. , Gale Chris P. , Burley Victoria J. 
Published: March 2013

Background and Purpose—
Fiber intake is associated with reduced stroke risk in prospective studies, but no meta-analysis has been published to date.

Methods—
Multiple electronic databases were searched for healthy participant studies reporting fiber intake and incidence of first hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke, published between January 1990 and May 2012.

Results—

Eight cohort studies from the United States, northern Europe, Australia, and Japan met inclusion criteria. Total dietary fiber intake was inversely associated with risk of hemorrhagic plus ischemic stroke, with some evidence of heterogeneity between studies (I
2
; relative risk per 7 g/day, 0.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.88–0.98; I
2
=59%). Soluble fiber intake, per 4 g/day, was not associated with stroke risk reduction with evidence of low heterogeneity between studies, relative risk 0.94 (95% confidence interval, 0.88–1.01; I
2
=21%). There were few studies reporting stroke risk in relation to insoluble fiber or fiber from cereals, fruit, or vegetables.

Conclusions—
Greater dietary fiber intake is significantly associated with lower risk of first stroke. Overall, findings support dietary recommendations to increase intake of total dietary fiber. However, a paucity of data on fiber from different foods precludes conclusions regarding the association between fiber type and stroke. There is a need for future studies to focus on fiber type and to examine risk for ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes separately.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation Attenuates Brain Injury After Neonatal Stroke
Authors: van Velthoven Cindy T.J. , Sheldon R. Ann , Kavelaars Annemieke , Derugin Nikita , Vexler Zinaida S. , Willemen Hanneke L.D.M. , Maas Mirjam , Heijnen Cobi J. , Ferriero Donna M. 
Published: March 2013

Background and Purpose—
Brain injury caused by stroke is a frequent cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality with limited therapeutic options. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been shown to improve outcome after neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury mainly by secretion of growth factors stimulating repair processes. We investigated whether MSC treatment improves recovery after neonatal stroke and whether MSC overexpressing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (MSC-BDNF) further enhances recovery.

Methods—
We performed 1.5-hour transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in 10-day-old rats. Three days after reperfusion, pups with evidence of injury by diffusion-weighted MRI were treated intranasally with MSC, MSC-BDNF, or vehicle. To determine the effect of MSC treatment, brain damage, sensorimotor function, and cerebral cell proliferation were analyzed.

Results—
Intranasal delivery of MSC- and MSC-BDNF significantly reduced infarct size and gray matter loss in comparison with vehicle-treated rats without any significant difference between MSC- and MSC-BDNF–treatment. Treatment with MSC-BDNF significantly reduced white matter loss with no significant difference between MSC- and MSC-BDNF–treatment. Motor deficits were also improved by MSC treatment when compared with vehicle-treated rats. MSC-BDNF–treatment resulted in an additional significant improvement of motor deficits 14 days after middle cerebral artery occlusion, but there was no significant difference between MSC or MSC-BDNF 28 days after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Furthermore, treatment with either MSC or MSC-BDNF induced long-lasting cell proliferation in the ischemic hemisphere.

Conclusions—
Intranasal administration of MSC after neonatal stroke is a promising therapy for treatment of neonatal stroke. In this experimental paradigm, MSC- and BNDF-hypersecreting MSC are equally effective in reducing ischemic brain damage.
Al Fārūqī between the History of Religions and Islamic Theology
Authors: Tayob Abdulkader 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Ismāʿīl Rājī al Fārūqī (1921–1986) played a considerable role in the academic study of Islam as it was developing in North America in the 1960s and 1970s. This paper is a critical examination of how he employed the categories of religion and religious studies in his scholarly, dialogical, and Islamist work. The paper follows his ideas of religious traditions, their truth claims, and ethical engagement in the world. For Al Fārūqī, these constituted the main foundations of all religions, and provided a distinctive approach to the study of religions. Al Fārūqī was critical of the then prevailing approaches, asserting that they were either too subjective or too reductionist. He offered an approach to the study of religions based on a Kantian approach to values. Al Fārūqī’s method and theory, however, could not escape the bias and prejudice that he tried to avoid. Following his arguments, I show that his reflections on religion and its systematic study in academia charted an approach to religions, but also provided a language for a particular Islamic theology that delegitimized other approaches, particularly experiential ones, in modern Islam.
Abraham Abulafĳia’s “Mystical” Reading of the Guide for the Perplexed
Authors: Hofer Nathan 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The Spanish kabbalist Abraham Abulafia (d. 1291) wrote three Hebrew commentaries on the Guide for the Perplexed of Moses Maimonides (d. 1204). Abulafia’s third and final commentary, Sitrey Torah (The Mysteries of the Torah), is an uncovering and extended treatment of 36 “secrets” that he believed to be hidden within the text of the Guide. In this article I investigate the specificities of Abulafia’s mystical hermeneutic as he applies it to the Guide and how this mystical system is made to fit with Maimonides’ neoplatonic philosophy. I argue that Abulafia’s commentary is not actually a mystical text in and of itself. Rather, he intends the mystical text to be generated within the mind of the reader, who is meant to join experientially the text of the Guide with Abulafia’s commentary. The result is a paradoxical disclosure of secrets in which the linguistic mysteries must be disclosed discursively before they can become experiential mysteries to be disclosed mystically. Such a conception might offer scholars a new way of thinking about what constitutes a mystical text as well as problematizing the ways in which we categorize and analyze the “mystical.”
‘Before Pharaoh seized Gaza’. A Reappraisal of the Date, Function, and Purpose of the Superscription of Jeremiah 47
Authors: Peels Eric 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
In this article it is argued that the phrase ‘before Pharaoh seized Gaza’ in Jer 47:1 is not a mere chronological precision, pointing at the (ultimate) fulfilment of the prophecy against Philistia, but a heading with its own proper function and purpose. The superscription of Jer. 47:1 refers to Pharaoh Neco’s capture of that city in 601/0 BCE, whereas the oracle of 47:2-7 itself is to be dated ca. 604. Neco was able to take Gaza after he had beaten the Babylonian army at the Egyptian border, so that the Babylonians had to withdraw to their homeland. In this time of political upheaval, the heading was added to the oracle of Jer 47 in order to warn the people of Judah that YHWH’s judgment through the sword of Babylon was still to be expected, notwithstanding Pharaoh’s recent success.
Tenure and Grant in Ezekiel’s Paradise (47:13-48:29)
Authors: Warren Nathanael 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The temple building program described in Ezekiel chapters 40-48 culminates in a description of paradisiacal national borders and internal tribal allotments in 47:13-48:29. David H. Engelhard was the first to tentatively identify the form of this pericope to be Ezekiel’s prophetic adaptation of the classical ancient Near Eastern royal grant. While this identification is a step in the right direction, I argue that 47:13-48:29 more closely follows the form of grants concerned with the tenure of temple lands, offerings, and sinecures surrounding the establishment or reinstitution of a temple cult. Unlike the classical grants of land in which the focus was on the gift of land, in 47:13-48:29 the focus is on the proper tenure of the temple. Thus Ezekiel’s particular description of land in these chapters serves to establish in a concrete manner the interrelationship between people, priests, prince, land, and temple in paradise.
Empathy for the Persecuted or Polemical Posturing? The 1609 Spanish Expulsion of the Moriscos as Seen in English and Netherlandic Pamphlets
Authors: Waite Gary K. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
In April, 1609, King Philip III of Spain needed to reinforce his image as defender of the faith as he signed a peace treaty with the Dutch Protestant heretics. He therefore ordered at the same time that the Moriscos—Muslims who some decades earlier had been compelled to convert to Catholicism—be expelled from Valencia. A few of these Moriscos made their way to Holland, where they seem to have been welcomed, thereby contributing to the reputation of the Dutch that they would tolerate any religious position. Even so, very few publications have survived on the subject of the Morisco expulsion, whereas treatises on the Twelve Years’ Truce poured off Dutch and English presses. While few, the English and Dutch language pamphlets on the expulsion decree reveal something about what English and Dutch audiences were told on the subject. How then was the Morisco expulsion explained to, and regarded by, Catholic and Protestant Europeans outside of Spain? While two of the surviving newssheets were accurate translations of Spanish decrees, a third work printed in the Spanish Netherlands defended the expulsion by linking Morisco plots with demonic witchcraft. On the other hand, a few Protestant and Mennonite writers in the Dutch Republic expressed some sympathy for the plight of the Moriscos and conversos as fellow victims of the Spanish Inquisition. Even so, the propaganda over the Treaty of Antwerp of 1609 clearly overshadowed the few works condemning the Morisco expulsion, rewarding Philip III’s decision to release them at the same time.
“For the Sake of the Truth of History and of the Catholic Doctrines”: History, Documents, and Dogma in Cesare Baronio’s Annales Ecclesiastici
Authors: Tutino Stefania 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
This article explores the relationship between theology and documentary criticism in Cesare Baronio’s Annales Ecclesiastici in their own historical and intellectual context. The first two sections of this article are devoted to analyzing two episodes in Baronio’s work, which most clearly show the role of erudition and historical criticism in articulating crucial and controversial political and theological positions in post-Reformation Rome. The third and final section assesses the significance of Baronio’s historical methodology in the context of post-Reformation Catholicism and its importance for our understanding of the relationship between post-Humanist historiography and post-Reformation apologetics and, more generally, for our understanding of the nature of ecclesiastical history.
The Effects of Framing International Legal Norms as Rules or Exceptions: State Immunity from Civil Jurisdiction
Authors: Del Mar Katherine 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The finding by the International Court of Justice in the case concerning Jurisdictional Immunities of the State that Italy violated its obligation to respect Germany’s immunity from civil jurisdiction comes as no surprise. The anticipated conclusion of the Court is the outcome of the powerful tradition of framing State immunity as a rule to which an exercise of jurisdiction by a domestic court is an exception expressly established under customary international law. As technically faultless as this finding may appear, it sits uncomfortably with deeper, structural developments in international law that challenge the very application of the ‘rule-exceptions’ framework of State immunity. This article questions the underlying assumption upon which the Court’s judgment is premised: that State immunity operates as a predominant rule, to which only exceptions that are established under customary law can apply, and it proposes an alternative understanding of the doctrine of State immunity.
Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms form a traumatic and non-traumatic stress response dimension
Authors: Mulder Roger , Fergusson David , Horwood John 
Published: March 2013

Objective: This study aims to determine whether symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) form a latent dimension reflecting responsivity to life events and whether PTSD symptoms are specific to traumatic life events. Method: A 30-year longitudinal study of a general population sample of 987 individuals were assessed for PTSD symptoms, exposure to adverse life events, and a variety of psychosocial measures. PTSD symptoms were tested using a confirmatory factor model and a range of fitted models were used to identify significant predictors of latent PTSD symptoms. Results: The rate of DSM IV PTSD was 1.9%. However, subjects reported high rates of at least one significant traumatic or negative life event and PTSD symptoms. The PTSD symptoms conformed well to a single latent factor. There were strong linear associations between severity of PTSD symptoms and exposure to traumatic and non-traumatic life events. Factors contributing to latent PTSD symptoms were gender, childhood anxiety, neuroticism, self-esteem, and quality of parental care. Conclusion: Criteria for PTSD form an underlying dimension reflecting the individual’s level of responsivity to traumatic and non-traumatic stressful life events. PTSD symptoms form a continuum of severity with minor stress symptoms at one end and severe PTSD at the other.
Relative Position Vectors
Authors: Vuckovic Anita , Sanderson Penelope , Neal Andrew , Gaukrodger Stephen , Wong B. L. William 
Published: March 2013

Objective: We explore whether the visual presentation of relative position vectors (RPVs) improves conflict detection in conditions representing some aspects of future airspace concepts. Background: To help air traffic controllers manage increasing traffic, new tools and systems can automate more cognitively demanding processes, such as conflict detection. However, some studies reveal adverse effects of such tools, such as reduced situation awareness and increased workload. New displays are needed that help air traffic controllers handle increasing traffic loads. Method: A new display tool based on the display of RPVs, the Multi-Conflict Display (MCD), is evaluated in a series of simulated conflict detection tasks. The conflict detection performance of air traffic controllers with the MCD plus a conventional plan-view radar display is compared with their performance with a conventional plan-view radar display alone. Results: Performance with the MCD plus radar was better than with radar alone in complex scenarios requiring controllers to find all actual or potential conflicts, especially when the number of aircraft on the screen was large. However performance with radar alone was better for static scenarios in which conflicts for a target aircraft, or target pair of aircraft, were the focus. Conclusion: Complementing the conventional plan-view display with an RPV display may help controllers detect conflicts more accurately with extremely high aircraft counts. Applications: We provide an initial proof of concept that RPVs may be useful for supporting conflict detection in situations that are partially representative of conditions in which controllers will be working in the future.
Should We Be More on the Ball?
Authors: Jackson Jennie A. , Banerjee-Guénette Priyanka , Gregory Diane E. , Callaghan Jack P. 
Published: March 2013

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a 9-day accommodation protocol on reducing perceived discomfort while sitting on a stability ball (SB); trunk muscle activity levels and lumbar spinal postures were also considered. Background: Previous studies have compared SB sitting with office chair sitting with few observed differences in muscle activity or posture; however, greater discomfort during SB sitting has been reported. These findings may indicate an accommodation period is necessary to acclimate to SB sitting. Method: For this study, 6 males and 6 females completed two separate, 2-hr sitting sessions on an SB. Half the participants completed a 9-day accommodation period between the visits, whereas the other half did not use an SB during the time. On both occasions, self-reported perceived discomfort ratings were collected along with erector spinae and abdominal muscle activity and lumbar spinal postures. Results: Discomfort ratings were reduced in female participants following the accommodation; no effects on muscle activation or lumbar spine postures were observed. Conclusion: Accommodation training may reduce perceived low-back discomfort in females. Trunk muscle activity and lumbar spine postures during seated office work on an SB did not differ between groups; however, greater sample power was required to conclusively address these variables. Application: Regarding whether to use an SB in place of a standard office chair, this study indicates that females electing to use an SB can decrease discomfort by following an accommodation protocol; no evidence was found to indicate that SB chair use will improve trunk strength or posture, even following an accommodation period.