bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Levels of Advanced Glycation End Products and Their Soluble Receptor and Adverse Outcomes in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Thomas Merlin C. , Woodward Mark , Neal Bruce , Li Qiang , Pickering Raelene , Marre Michel , Williams Bryan , Perkovic Vlado , Cooper Mark E. , Zoungas Sophia , Chalmers John , Hillis Graham S. 
Published: August 2015

OBJECTIVE
This study explored whether activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is implicated in the development of diabetes complications.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A case-cohort study was performed in 3,763 participants with prevalent diabetes in the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial. The hazard ratios (HRs) for death, major cardiovascular events, and new or worsening nephropathy were derived using Cox regression models, and the ability of sRAGE and AGE levels to reclassify the risk of nephropathy was assessed.

RESULTS
After adjustment for a range of possible confounders and other risk factors, sRAGE levels were associated with all-cause mortality (HR 1.11 for a 1-SD increase of log sRAGE [95% CI 1.00–1.22]; P = 0.045) and new or worsening nephropathy (HR 1.20 for a 1-SD increase of log sRAGE [95% CI 1.02–1.41]; P = 0.032). Circulating AGE levels were also independently associated with new or worsening nephropathy (HR 1.21 for a 1-SD increase [95% CI 1.08–1.36]; P = 0.001). Both markers also significantly improved the accuracy with which the 5-year risk of new or worsening nephropathy could be predicted (net reclassification index in continuous model, 0.25 for sRAGE and 0.24 for AGE levels).

CONCLUSIONS
In adults with type 2 diabetes, increased levels of sRAGE are independently associated with new or worsening kidney disease and mortality over the next 5 years. Higher levels of AGE are also associated with an increased risk of adverse renal outcomes. The AGE/RAGE axis may be of importance in the prevention and management of diabetes complications.
Social return and organisational culture
Authors: Meurs Desiree , Spruijt Adrie , Pannerden Pieter van Nispen tot 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
‘Social return’ (SR) is a term in the Netherlands that summarises all efforts to integrate people with a mental or physical handicap in the labour market. It is an important political topic because government wants not only an inclusive society but also a decrease of expenditures on social benefits; an important topic for employers, because organisations can profile themselves as socially responsible; and a topic for applied research, finding ways and means of realising the concept.
The Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences is mainly involved because of the value of SR for applied research and the development of solutions that work. Several projects have been implemented with third parties, all of them involving students, e.g. through BA graduation research. However, the research also shows that there is no large-scale adoption among entrepreneurs yet. Three problems have been identified: (1) the SR policy currently has many negative side effects; (2) entrepreneurs must recognize that the involvement of employees with a SR indication not only costs money but may also contribute to profits; (3) insufficient attention is paid to finding the proper match between possible employees and suitable jobs (possibly with an adapted working environment). However, ‘social return’ is a feasible concept and the problems may be addressed. At the same time the initial efforts on realising ‘social return’ point at the importance of organisational culture.
The main aim of this paper is to show the link between organisational culture and the successful implementation of social return.
The Framework of Culture: a Frame for Work
Authors: Nispen Peter Van 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Although culture has been discussed in quite some detail, it remains an elusive concept, whether on content or in terms of consequences. Indeed, culture does not exist in a physical form (although bumping your nose to culture may be a near physical experience) and may be rather considered as a label people use to describe patterns of thinking and acting of a group of people. Many studies of culture start from theory and move to implementation. This paper is based on an opposite approach. Its basis is the experience of 849 MA students with living and working abroad and the effects of culture in reality. In an inductive way this experience results in a mind-map of culture.
The aim of this paper is to present a rather comprehensive perception of culture on the basis of experience; not to give an overview of what culture might be according to the literature. This concept is the initial result of an on-going programme at the R&D Centre of the Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences. Consecutive steps are briefly mentioned.
Stepwise evolution of corolla symmetry in CYCLOIDEA2‐like and RADIALIS‐like gene expression patterns in Lamiales
Authors: Zhong Jinshun , Kellogg Elizabeth A. 
Published: August 2015

• Premise of the study: CYCLOIDEA2 (CYC2)‐like and RADIALIS (RAD)‐like genes are needed for the normal development of corolla bilateral symmetry in Antirrhinum majus L. (snapdragon, Plantaginaceae, Lamiales). However, if and how changes in expression of CYC2‐like and RAD‐like genes correlate with the origin of corolla bilateral symmetry early in Lamiales remains largely unknown. The asymmetrical expression of CYC2‐like and/or RAD‐like genes during floral meristem development could be ancestral or derived in Plantaginaceae.• Methods: We used in situ RNA localization to examine the expression of CYC2‐like and RAD‐like genes in two early‐diverging Lamiales.• Key results: CYC2‐like and RAD‐like genes are expressed broadly in the floral meristems in early‐diverging Lamiales with radially symmetrical corollas, in contrast to their restricted expression in adaxial/lateral regions in core Lamiales. The expression pattern of CYC2‐like genes has evolved in stepwise fashion, in that CYC2‐like genes are likely expressed briefly in the floral meristem during flower development in sampled Oleaceae; prolonged expression of CYC2‐like genes in petals originated in the common ancestor of Tetrachondraceae and core Lamiales, and asymmetrical expression in adaxial/lateral petals appeared later, in the common ancestor of the core Lamiales. Likewise, expression of RAD‐like genes in petals appeared in early‐diverging Lamiales or earlier; asymmetrical expression in adaxial/lateral petals then appeared in core Lamiales.• Conclusions: These data plus published reports of CYC2‐like and RAD‐like genes show that asymmetrical expression of these two genes is likely derived and correlates with the origins of corolla bilateral symmetry.
Surgical Outcomes for Persistent Macular Hole After Ocriplasmin
Authors: Lee Gregory D. , Taney Lauren S. , Rogers Adam H. , Shah Chirag P. , Duker Jay S. , Baumal Caroline R. 
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To report surgical and visual acuity outcomes in eyes with unresolved full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) after treatment with ocriplasmin who subsequently underwent vitrectomy.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Retrospective case series of four eyes. Vision and anatomy via optical coherence tomography (OCT) were assessed before and after intravitreal ocriplasmin as well as 6 months after subsequent vitrectomy.

RESULTS:
Initial visual acuity ranged from 20/70 to 20/200. OCT showed focal vitreomacular traction (VMT) with FTMH ranging from 136 to 311 µm in diameter. Following ocriplasmin, VMT released in all four eyes without closure of the FTMH. All FTMHs enlarged over follow-up after ocriplasmin (mean increase 133 µm). Subsequent vitrectomy led to anatomic FTMH closure in all eyes. Final vision improved in all eyes (20/30 to 20/70).

CONCLUSION:
Initial ocriplasmin treatment of FTMH in this series of patients did not reduce the effectiveness of vitrectomy, which was required for definitive FTMH repair.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2015;46:732–736.]
CX3CL1–CX3CR1 Interaction Increases the Population of Ly6C−CX3CR1hi Macrophages Contributing to Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction–Induced Fibrosis
Authors: Peng Xiaogang , Zhang Jing , Xiao Zhicheng , Dong Yanjun , Du Jie 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Chemokines modulate inflammatory responses that are prerequisites for kidney injury. The specific role of monocyte-associated CX3CR1 and its cognate ligand CX3CL1 in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)–induced kidney injury remains unclear. In this study, we found that UUO caused a CCR2-dependent increase in numbers of Ly6Chi monocytes both in the blood and kidneys and of Ly6C−CX3CR1+ macrophages in the obstructed kidneys of mice. Using CX3CR1gfp/+ knockin mice, we observed a rapid conversion of infiltrating proinflammatory Ly6C+CX3CR11o monocytes/macrophages to anti-inflammatory Ly6C−CX3CR1hi macrophages. CX3CR1 deficiency affected neither monocyte trafficking nor macrophage differentiation in vivo upon renal obstruction, but CX3CR1 expression in monocytes and macrophages was required for increases in fibrosis in the obstructed kidneys. Mechanistically, CX3CL1–CX3CR1 interaction increases Ly6C−CX3CR1hi macrophage survival within the obstructed kidneys. Therefore, CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 may represent attractive therapeutic targets in obstructive nephropathy.
MAZR and Runx Factors Synergistically Repress ThPOK during CD8+ T Cell Lineage Development
Authors: Sakaguchi Shinya , Hainberger Daniela , Tizian Caroline , Tanaka Hirokazu , Okuda Tsukasa , Taniuchi Ichiro , Ellmeier Wilfried 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Th-inducing Pox virus and zinc finger/Krüppel-like factor (ThPOK) is a key commitment factor for CD4+ lineage T cells and is essential for the maintenance of CD4 lineage integrity; thus, the expression of ThPOK has to be tightly controlled. In this article, we demonstrate that Myc-associated zinc finger-related factor (MAZR) and Runt-related transcription factor 1 (Runx1) together repressed ThPOK in preselection double-positive thymocytes, whereas MAZR acted in synergy with Runx3 in the repression of ThPOK in CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, MAZR-Runx1 and MAZR-Runx3 double-mutant mice showed enhanced derepression of Cd4 in double-negative thymocytes and in CD8+ T cells in comparison with Runx1 or Runx3 single-deficient mice, respectively, indicating that MAZR modulates Cd4 silencing. Thus, our data demonstrate developmental stage-specific synergistic activities between MAZR and Runx/core-binding factor β (CBFβ) complexes. Finally, retroviral Cre-mediated conditional deletion of MAZR in peripheral CD8+ T cells led to the derepression of ThPOK, thus showing that MAZR is also part of the molecular machinery that maintains a repressed state of ThPOK in CD8+ T cells.
Loss of Phagocytic and Antigen Cross-Presenting Capacity in Aging Dendritic Cells Is Associated with Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Authors: Chougnet Claire A. , Thacker Robert I. , Shehata Hesham M. , Hennies Cassandra M. , Lehn Maria A. , Lages Celine S. , Janssen Edith M. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Impaired functionality of dendritic cells (DCs) significantly contributes to decreased adaptive immune responses in aged hosts. The expression of MHC-peptide on the DC surface is the critical first step in T cell priming, but few studies have addressed the effect of aging on Ag acquisition, processing, and presentation by DCs. In this study, we show that aged murine DCs were less efficient in the cross-presentation of cell-associated Ag and subsequently in the cross-priming of CD8+ T cells than were their young counterparts. The decreased cross-presentation was associated with a reduction in the frequency of CD8α DCs and merocytic (CD8α−CD11b−)DCs that could endocytose cell-associated Ag, as well as the number and the size of the endocytosed particles in the DC that did internalize cell-associated materials. Mechanistically, phagocytic capacity has been associated with mitochondrial activity and membrane potential (Δψm). Aged DCs exhibited profound signs of mitochondrial dysfunction, illustrated by lower Δψm, reduced ATP turnover and coupling efficiency, decreased baseline oxidative phosphorylation, and greater proton leak and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Mimicking the aged metabolic phenotype in young DCs by pharmacologic manipulation indicated that the reductions in Δψm and ATP impeded the phagocytic capacity whereas ROS interfered with a later step in the cross-presentation process. Conversely, in vitro scavenging of ROS partially restored cross-presentation by aged DCs. Taken together, these data suggest that improvement of aged DC functionality might be feasible in the elderly by targeting metabolic dysfunction or its downstream sequelae, thereby opening new avenues for enhancing vaccine efficiency in this population.
Identification of a Potent Microbial Lipid Antigen for Diverse NKT Cells
Authors: Wolf Benjamin J. , Tatituri Raju V. V. , Almeida Catarina F. , Le Nours Jérôme , Bhowruth Veemal , Johnson Darryl , Uldrich Adam P. , Hsu Fong-Fu , Brigl Manfred , Besra Gurdyal S. , Rossjohn Jamie , Godfrey Dale I. , Brenner Michael B. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Semi-invariant/type I NKT cells are a well-characterized CD1d-restricted T cell subset. The availability of potent Ags and tetramers for semi-invariant/type I NKT cells allowed this population to be extensively studied and revealed their central roles in infection, autoimmunity, and tumor immunity. In contrast, diverse/type II NKT (dNKT) cells are poorly understood because the lipid Ags that they recognize are largely unknown. We sought to identify dNKT cell lipid Ag(s) by interrogating a panel of dNKT mouse cell hybridomas with lipid extracts from the pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. We identified Listeria phosphatidylglycerol as a microbial Ag that was significantly more potent than a previously characterized dNKT cell Ag, mammalian phosphatidylglycerol. Further, although mammalian phosphatidylglycerol-loaded CD1d tetramers did not stain dNKT cells, the Listeria-derived phosphatidylglycerol-loaded tetramers did. The structure of Listeria phosphatidylglycerol was distinct from mammalian phosphatidylglycerol because it contained shorter, fully-saturated anteiso fatty acid lipid tails. CD1d-binding lipid-displacement studies revealed that the microbial phosphatidylglycerol Ag binds significantly better to CD1d than do counterparts with the same headgroup. These data reveal a highly potent microbial lipid Ag for a subset of dNKT cells and provide an explanation for its increased Ag potency compared with the mammalian counterpart.
Survey of attitude towards and understanding of the elderly amongst Chinese undergraduate medical students
Authors: Liu Zuoyan , Pu Lihui , Wang Heng , Hu Xiuying 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: Gerontology has an increasing role in medicine and public health. The provision of better medical services to the elderly closely correlates with the attitude towards and understanding of the elderly by medical personnel.
Objectives: We investigated factors affecting a medical student’s choice of gerontology as a career. This included a survey of attitude towards the elderly and understanding of aging among first and third year Chinese undergraduates. Data between students in different streams, at different levels, and between sexes were compared.
Methods: Convenience sampling was used to recruit 335 undergraduate medical students in Sichuan for a survey using Kogan’s Attitudes toward Older People Scale (KAOP) and Palmore’s Facts on Aging Quiz (FAQ1) as tools.
Results: Among undergraduates, 71.3% did not acquire significant knowledge about the elderly (mean KAOP score 139.5 ± 16.0); and had a mean score of knowledge of aging (12.2 ± 2.7). The majority of first year students (98.7%) and third year students (98.8%) had a positive attitudes (KAOP > 102). The KAOP score among first year students was higher than that among third years (P < 0.01). Students with an interest in problems of the elderly had significantly higher scores and were more willing to consider careers in gerontology than students without an interest in the elderly (P < 0.01).
Conclusions: The majority of Chinese undergraduate medical students surveyed had positive attitudes towards elderly. We recommend greater accessibility of courses in gerontology to meet the increasing need for personnel in this health care sector.
Lower left lung abscess from combined stomach and left diaphragm perforation by an intragastric foreign body
Authors: Wang Yue , Qi Liang Chen , Gao Nan , Han Zhi Feng , Yu Hai Xiang 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: Usually children mistakenly swallow foreign bodies, and most objects are spontaneously discharged through the digestive tract without consequence. However, sometimes the objects can cause gastrointestinal perforation, with serious complications.
Objective: To report the case of a 26-year-old male patient, who mistakenly swallowed a bamboo chopstick 14 years ago. The chopstick eventually perforated the gastric fundus and left diaphragm, pierced the lower left lobe of the lung, and caused a lower left lung abscess.
Method: A thoracotomy was conducted to remove the foreign body and the lower left lobe of the lung, followed by a patch fundoplication.
Result: The object was removed and the patient’s lesions healed after surgery.
Conclusion: The ingestion of foreign bodies rarely causes serious problems, but we should be vigilant to the occurrence of complications, and close follow-up should be conducted. This follow-up should include confirmation that the foreign body has passed through the alimentary tract.
Brief communication (Original). Challenges of providing treatment and care to men who have sex with men and with HIV/AIDS in Bangkok
Authors: Tam Andrew , Ho Jennifer , Sohn Annette H. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: Across the Asia-Pacific, men who have sex with men (MSM) constitute a growing proportion of those infected with and at risk for HIV/AIDS, but frequently lack access to treatment-related resources because of stigma and discrimination.
Objective: To identify challenges that a community-based organization (CBO) and its corresponding HIV clinic in Bangkok, Thailand, face in order to facilitate access to HIV-related care and treatment services by HIV-positive MSM.
Methods: Data were collected through focus group discussions, semi-structured interviews, and surveys of staff members and volunteers working at the support facilities from April through May 2011.
Results: A total of 21 staff and volunteers working at the support facilities participated. Participants reported various barriers to use of HIV-related services by MSM including fear of stigmatization because of their infection status, limited clinic/hospital hours, and misunderstanding of risks.
Conclusions: In response to these barriers, CBOs implemented solutions ranging from outreach activities to organization of a men’s health clinic targeting MSM.
Brief communication (Original). The accuracy of the Broselow tape in the weight estimation of Thai children
Authors: Chiengkriwate Piyawan , Donnapee Rattaporn , Geater Alan 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: The effectiveness of medical treatment depends on proper drug dosing. The most accurate measurement of a child’s weight is by weighing the child on a scale, and can be done for stable children. However, an emergency, or other conditions may preclude normal weighing. The child’s weight must then be estimated quickly for treatment including drug dosages, equipment sizes, ventilator volume settings, and cardioversiondefibrillation.
Objectives: To assess the accuracy of the Broselow tape in the weight estimation of Thai children.
Methods: Retrospective analysis reviewing the hospital-based data of 4746 Thai children aged less than 15 years. Demographic data, measured weight (MW), and height were collected. The subjects were divided into nine color-coded groups according to the Broselow tape color range and the actual weight plotted according to their groups. Comparison between Broselow tape-predicted weight (TW), height and MW was explored.
Results: A total of 3869 children met the inclusion criteria, of whom 2121 (54.8%) were male. The overall agreement between actual weight and predicted weight was 62.1% (range 36.4-90.5 depending on color-code). The mean difference between TW and MW was -3.56% (95% CI -3.964 to -3.150) with SD 12.91%, P < 0.001. TW was within a 10% error for 58% of children.
Conclusions: The accuracy of the Broselow tape in the weight estimation of Thai children decreases with increasing height. The Broselow tape underestimates Thai children’s weight.
Introduction: Why Digital Network Hybridity Is the New Normal (Hey! Check This Stuff Out)
Authors: Howard Robert Glenn 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSetting the stage for the articles that follow, this introduction briefly makes the argument that individual expression can be empowered by network communication but not without accepting the influence of institutions because institutions have created specific media technologies that define the grounds upon which vernacular expression can emerge there. Using the online manifestations of a 1978 commercial music recording as an example, I argue that network hybridity is a good thing when it functions to return the authority for our shared cultural heritage from corporations to the aggregate of non-professionals.
"Surfing the Tube" for Latin American Song: The Blessings (and Curses) of YouTube
Authors: McDowell John H. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This article describes YouTube’s functional horizons by taking note of three communicative modalities, each defined by the role that YouTube plays in disseminating expressive culture. I argue that YouTube productions are multifaceted objects composed of multiple semiotic surfaces, each with its own sensory channel and sense-making potential, operating independently of one another yet integrated into a composite communicative module.
Herstelrecht en slachtoffers van geweldsmisdrijven
Authors: Van Camp Tinneke , Wemmers Jo-Anne 
Published: August 2015

Restorative justice and victims of violence Victims’ satisfaction with a restorative intervention completed before and after a judicial decision
In this paper we compare the experiences of victims of serious violent crimes with a restorative intervention completed before or after a judicial decision was taken. Specifically, we ask: What is the impact of the availability of a judicial decision on the victims’ assessment of the restorative intervention? We conducted interviews with victims of violence in Belgium and Canada. The findings show that these victims are satisfied with a restorative intervention, irrespective of the phase in which this intervention takes place, provided that the intervention is complemented with a judicial procedure in which the offender is held responsible for his actions.