bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of nano-sized acicular material, sliding friction, and antisense DNA oligonucleotides to silence bacterial genes
Authors: Mitsudome Yuya , Takahama Mamiko , Hirose Jun , Yoshida Naoto 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Viable bacterial cells impaled with a single particle of a nano-sized acicular material formed when a mixture containing the cells and the material was exposed to a sliding friction field between polystyrene and agar gel; hereafter, we refer to these impaled cells as penetrons. We have used nano-sized acicular material to establish a novel method for bacterial transformation. Here, we generated penetrons that carried antisense DNA adsorbed on nano-sized acicular material (α-sepiolite) by providing sliding friction onto the surface of agar gel; we then investigated whether penetron formation was applicable to gene silencing techniques. Antisense DNA was artificially synthesized as 15 or 90mer DNA oligonucleotides based on the sequences around the translation start codon of target mRNAs. Mixtures of bacterial cells with antisense DNA adsorbed on α-sepiolite were stimulated by sliding friction on the surface of agar gel for 60 s. Upon formation of Escherichia coli penetrons, β-lactamase and β-galactosidase expression was evaluated by counting the numbers of colonies formed on LB agar containing ampicillin and by measuring β-galactosidase activity respectively. The numbers of ampicillin resistant colonies and the β-galactosidase activity derived from penetrons bearing antisense DNA (90mer) was repressed to 15% and 25%, respectively, of that of control penetrons which lacked antisense DNA. Biphenyl metabolite, ring cleavage yellow compound produced by Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes penetron treated with antisense oligonucleotide DNA targeted to bphD increased higher than that lacking antisense DNA. This result indicated that expression of bphD in P. pseudoalcaligenes penetrons was repressed by antisense DNA that targeted bphD mRNA. Sporulation rates of Bacillus subtilis penetrons treated with antisense DNA (15mer) targeted to spo0A decreased to 24.4% relative to penetrons lacking antisense DNA. This novel method of gene silencing has substantial promise for elucidation of gene function in bacterial species that have been refractory to experimental introduction of exogenous DNA.
Comparative Study of Sodium and Lithium Intercalation and Diffusion Mechanism in Black Phosphorus from First-principles Simulation
Authors: Yu Xue-fang , Ushiyama Hiroshi , Yamashita Koichi 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Experimentally, black phosphorus (BP) displays a promising electrochemical performance as an anode for both Li ion and Na ion batteries. The feature of fast charge–discharge capability is very desirable for an anode material. We investigated the intercalation mechanism of a single Na and Li and the diffusion mechanism in BP by means of first-principles simulation. We found that a large tunnel forms because of the sliding of phosphorus interlayers with a single Na and Li intercalation and that the Na and Li diffusion within the tunnel along the a axis is very fast. This makes BP a competitive and promising anode for both Na ion and Li ion batteries. The different behaviors of Na and Li in BP are also discussed.
Reflection of Communication Principles in Teaching Oral Russian Among Chinese Russian Major Students
Authors: Лю  , Liu Qian 
Published: September 2014

This article demonstrated the reasonability of teaching oral Russian among
Chinese Russian major students based on communication principles, which
explained the possibility of communication principles using «the method of
discussion» as an example.
We believe communication principle plays an important role in foreign Russian
teaching. Researchers of modern Russian teaching methodology, such
as T.M. Balyhina, O.Ya. Goyhman, G.G. Gorodilova, V.G. Kostomarov,
E.I. Passov, M.B. Uspensky, N.I. Formanovskaya, A.N. Schukin etc. all contributed
to achievement of this principle.
«Discussion», as a methodology displaying the communication principle in
Foreign Russian teaching, could enrich students knowledge, develop their
communication ability and skills, and create enthusiasm. The application of
this methodology could lead to the enhancement of students communication
skills, and increases the interaction among them.
Psycholigical impacts as ameans of human´s functional state rehabilitation under psycho-emotional stress
Authors: Классина  , Klassina S. 
Published: September 2014

The article is devoted to studying of human body systemic reactions by the psychological rehabilitation impacts under psycho-emotional stress. Two series of surveys were carrying out. At first of survey 20 students were attended, who directly before the exam were exposed to 20 minutes séance of melodious music as a psychological rehabilitation impact. At second of survey 27 students were attended, who directly before the exam were exposed to 5 minutes séance of autogenous express regulation as psychological rehabilitation impact. These students were concentrated on the thumb of his right hand, but formulas of autosuggestion were excluding. Periodically, the stubjects were asking to switch the «inner eye» and to trace the blood movement through hand vessels. They must trace for a new subjective feeling appearance and fix it. Before and after any kind of psychological rehabilitations a subjects were offered a computer test for a operator activity, where it simulates a goal shootingt. Methodological basis for the test activity analysis was a system «quantization concept». In accordance with it the whole continuum of test activity is broken down into individual discrete segments – «systemokvants», which it had all functional system features. Any «systemokvant» could be describing by the parameter of achieved results, its «physiological cost» and indicator of efficacy.
Before and after any kind of psychological rehabilitations ECG, pneumography, EEG, arterial blood pressure, dynamic tremor were recording. R.M. Baevsky tention index, subjective levels of self-filling, activity, mood, level of situational anxiety by Spielberger were estimating. Subject´s vegetative status was assessing by calculating
the Kerdo vegetative index, Hildebrandt index and a minute volume of blood. EEG spectral analysis was performing, and the values of spectral EEG power in the delta, theta, alpha and beta bands were assessing. It was shown, that the different rehabilitation impacts were addressed to different structures and functions of a human body, causing fundamentally different responses whole system. So, melodious music, creating positive emotions, help to reduce mental and emotional human stress, to normalize the autonomic tone; help to increase of efficiency of activity. Séance of autogenous express regulation, by providing a more effect to a human psychic sphere, on the contrary, was contributed to a change the system functions organization and the appearance of new subjective sensations as qualitatively new system properties. Nature of subjective sensations was determining by initial state of a human brain bioelectrical activity.
T lymphocytes are not required for the development of fatty degeneration after rotator cuff tear
Authors: Gumucio J. , Flood M. , Harning J. , Phan A. , Roche S. , Lynch E. , Bedi A. , Mendias C. 
Published: September 2014

ObjectivesRotator cuff tears are among the most common and debilitating upper extremity injuries. Chronic cuff tears result in atrophy and an infiltration of fat into the muscle, a condition commonly referred to as ‘fatty degeneration’. While stem cell therapies hold promise for the treatment of cuff tears, a suitable immunodeficient animal model that could be used to study human or other xenograft-based therapies for the treatment of rotator cuff injuries had not previously been identified.MethodsA full-thickness, massive supraspinatus and infraspinatus tear was induced in adult T-cell deficient rats. We hypothesised that, compared with controls, 28 days after inducing a tear we would observe a decrease in muscle force production, an accumulation of type IIB fibres, and an upregulation in the expression of genes involved with muscle atrophy, fibrosis and inflammation.ResultsChronic cuff tears in nude rats resulted in a 30% to 40% decrease in muscle mass, a 23% reduction in production of muscle force, and an induction of genes that regulate atrophy, fibrosis, lipid accumulation, inflammation and macrophage recruitment. Marked large lipid droplet accumulation was also present.ConclusionsThe extent of degenerative changes in nude rats was similar to what was observed in T-cell competent rats. T cells may not play an important role in regulating muscle degeneration following chronic muscle unloading. The general similarities between nude and T-cell competent rats suggest the nude rat is likely an appropriate preclinical model for the study of xenografts that have the potential to enhance the treatment of chronically torn rotator cuff muscles. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2014;3:262–72.
Few-Step Kinetic Model of Gaseous Autocatalytic Ethane Pyrolysis and Its Evaluation by Means of Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Nurislamova Liana F. , Stoyanovskaya Olga P. , Stadnichenko Olga A. , Gubaidullin Irek M. , Snytnikov Valeriy N. , Novichkova Anastasia V. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
A kinetic scheme of radical chain reactions in autocatalytic pyrolysis of ethane was studied using a sensitivity analysis method, bringing in the experimental data. In the gas-phase kinetic experiments, ethane pyrolysis was carried out in laboratory reactors with the reaction mixture heated by CO2 laser irradiation. It was shown that the scheme with autocatalytic routes includes as few steps as possible and adequately describes the ethane pyrolysis with high ethylene yield at 900–1,150 K. Admissible variation ranges of preexponential factors and activation energies for the kinetic model of the reactions were found using the Monte Carlo statistical method. Reducibility of the scheme was examined by means of the Sobol’s variance based strategy applied for the sensitivity analysis evaluation.
Silicon-based on-chip multiplexing technologies and devices for Peta-bit optical interconnects
Authors: Dai Daoxin , Bowers John E. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAn effective solution to enhance the capacity of an optical-interconnect link is utilizing advanced multiplexing technologies, like wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM), polarization-division multiplexing (PDM), spatial-division multiplexing (SDM), bi-directional multiplexing, etc. On-chip (de)multiplexers are necessary as key components for realizing these multiplexing systems and they are desired to have small footprints due to the limited physical space for on-chip optical interconnects. As silicon photonics has provided a very attractive platform to build ultrasmall photonic integrated devices with CMOS-compatible processes, in this paper we focus on the discussion of silicon-based (de)multiplexers, including WDM filters, PDM devices, and SDM devices. The demand of devices to realize a hybrid multiplexing technology (combining WDM, PDM and SDM) as well as a bidirectional multiplexing technologies are also discussed to achieve Peta-bit optical interconnects.
Biological evaluation of micro-patterned hyaluronic acid hydrogel for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Park Hyo Seung , Lee Su Yeon , Yoon Hyunsik , Noh Insup 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Design of micro-patterning of hydrogel is of critical importance in both understanding cellular behaviors and mimicking controlled microenvironments and architectures of diverse well-organized tissues. After micro-patterning of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel on a poly(dimethyl siloxane) substrate, its physical and biological properties have been compared with those of a non-patterned hydrogel for its possible applications in bone tissue engineering. The micro-patterned morphologies of HA hydrogel in both swollen and dehydrated forms have been observed with light microscope and scanning electron microscope, respectively, before and after in vitro cell culture. When MC3T3 bone cells were in vitro cultured on both HA hydrogels, the micro-patterned one shows excellence in cell proliferation and lining for 7 days along the micro-pattern paths over those of the non-patterned one, which have shown less cell-adhesiveness. The cytotoxicity of the micro-patterned HA hydrogels was in vitro evaluated by the assays of MTT, BrdU and Neutral red. The viability and morphology of MC3T3 cells on both HA hydrogels were observed with a fluorescence microscope by the live & dead assay, where their viability was confirmed by staining of F-actin development. The results of their H&E staining showed that both micro-patterned and non-patterned hydrogels induced development of tissue regeneration as observed by cell attachment, proliferation, and survivability, but the micro-patterned one induced distinctive patterning of both better initial cells adhesion on the micro-patterns and subsequently development of their proliferation and extracellular matrix, which were considered as important characteristics in their applications to tissue engineering.
Amino acids and poly(amino acids) as nucleating agents for poly(lactic acid)
Authors: Carbone Maria Josefina , Vanhalle Maja , Goderis Bart , Van Puyvelde Peter 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
In industry, rapid crystallization is often required. At present, the crystallization rate of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is too low compared to industrial needs. In this paper, amino acids such as glycine and L-alanine and poly(amino acids) like polyglycine and poly-DL-alanine are considered as heterogeneous crystallization nucleating agents. The impact of adding these bio-based additives on the isothermal crystallization behavior of PLA was quantified and compared at different concentrations by using the so-called Lotz efficiency scale, which here is based on isothermal DSC measurements. In addition, rheological and rheo-optical techniques were used to monitor the isothermal crystallization. Our results indicate that polyglycine possesses a significant nucleating ability (60.5%) which is comparable to the industrially used talc (81.1%).
A comparative study of various oil extraction techniques from plants
Authors: Danlami Jibrin Mohammed , Arsad Agus , Ahmad Zaini Muhammad Abbas , Sulaiman Hanizam 
Published: September 2014

AbstractResearchers have shown that techniques such as microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, and supercritical fluid extraction developed for extraction of valuable components from plants and seed materials have been successfully used to effectively reduce the major shortcomings of the traditional method such as Soxhlet extraction. These include shorter extraction time, increase in yield of extracted components, decrease in solvent consumption, and improvement of the quality of extracts. This review presents a detailed description of the principles and mechanisms of the various extraction techniques for better understanding and summarizes the potential of these techniques in the extraction of oil from plants and seed materials. Discussions on some of the parameters affecting the extraction efficiency are also highlighted, with special emphasis on supercritical fluid extraction. A comparison of the performance of traditional Soxhlet extraction with that of other extraction techniques is also presented.
New trends in vinyl ester resins
Authors: Jaswal Shipra , Gaur Bharti 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Vinyl ester resins (VERs) are high-performance unsaturated resins derived by the addition reaction of various epoxide resins with α-β unsaturated carboxylic acids. These resins have always been classified under unsaturated polyester resins. However, VERs have remarkable corrosion resistance and superior physical properties as compared with these conventional polyester resins, which make VERs a class of their own and hallmark of today’s resin industries. Hence, there is a need to review the available literature on this important class of thermosetting resins separately. In this article, an attempt is made to review the state of the art of VERs, including synthesis, characterization, curing, thermal, chemical, oxidative properties, and applications. The main focus is on the latest developments in this area.
2D-Modellierung des Einflusses leitfähiger Schichten auf die Sensorimpedanz bei kapazitiven Sensoren
Authors: Weber Christian , Wendler Frank , Tahedl Markus , Kanoun Olfa 
Published: September 2014

Zusammenfassung
In der industriellen Anwendung kapazitiver Sensoren ist die
kontaktlose Detektion leitfähiger Schichten flüssiger Medien von
Bedeutung. Dabei ist die Sensorimpedanz abhängig von der Frequenz und
Eigenschaften des Mediums. Um den Einfluss dieser Parameter zu
ermitteln, wurde ein zweidimensionales, rotationssymmetrisches Modell
erstellt, mit dem sich eine gute Übereinstimmung mit einer
FEM-Simulation erzielen lässt. Aus den durchgeführten Untersuchungen
geht hervor, dass sich aus den Parametern eines geeigneten
Ersatzschaltbildes ein Maß für Leitfähigkeit und Schichtdicke des
Mediums ableiten lässt.
Application of a novel method for validating the uncertainty estimation of a flow test facility
Authors: Cordova Murillo Moritz Leopoldo , Furuichi Noriyuki , Lederer Thomas 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
After a large heat meter flow test rig was overhauled, making
a thorough characterization and re-validation of the associated
uncertainty is necessary. Validating the uncertainty through
interlaboratory comparisons takes years and is not always
successful. Therefore, a method is proposed to validate the
uncertainty estimation based on a flow meter Reynolds number
similarity in between comparisons. The newly estimated uncertainty of
an overhauled facility is schematized and the proposed method is
applied. The obtained results are confirmed through a conventional
international interlaboratory comparison.
Low-melting molecular complexes. Part 5. Co-crystals of tetrahydrofuran and diethyl ether with methyl halides
Authors: Yufit Dmitry S. , Shishkin Oleg V. , Zubatyuk Roman I. , Howard Judith A.K. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The molecular complexes of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and diethyl ether (DEE) with chloroform (CF), dichlodromethane (DCM) and bromoform (BF) have been synthesised by in situ cryo-crystallization and their structures have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. CF forms 2:1 co-crystals with THF and DEE, where the components are linked in isolated 2:1 complexes by Cl3 C-H…O interactions. Molecules of components in THF-BF complex form halogen-bonded chains, while the complexes DCM and BF with DEE contain two independent pairs of the components linked by C-H…O contacts. Supramolecular architecture of the molecular complexes is analysed using energy-based topology of intermolecular interactions.
In situ co-crystallization of cresols with aniline and fluoroanilines: subtle interplay of strong and weak hydrogen bonds
Authors: Choudhury Angshuman R. , Yufit Dmitry S. , Howard Judith A.K. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
“In situ crystallization” is a technique, which is used to crystallize the materials, which are liquid at ambient conditions, on the single crystal X-ray diffractometer. This technique has been utilized to study crystal structures of a number of liquids, gases and mixtures of liquids and gases in the past. In this manuscript, we describe the formation of cocrystals of a few cresols with aniline and fluoroanilines using this technique. Different pairs of cresol and aniline/fluoroaniline resulted into various cocrystals, which display different crystalline motifs involving strong O–H···N, N–H···O hydrogen bonds along with weak C–H···O and C–H···F hydrogen bonds. The observed differences in crystal packing indicate that the role of weak hydrogen bonds in these systems is significant and need to be considered.
Strength Characteristics of Lime Treated Oil Contaminated Lateritic Soil
Authors: Ijimdiya Thomas Stephen 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Used lubricating oil contaminated soil was treated with up to 6 % lime by dry weight of soil. Specimens of artificially contaminated lateritic soil were treated and compacted using the British Standard light (BSL) (i.e., standard proctor) energy (relative compaction = 100 %) and subjected to unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests. The results of laboratory tests show that properties of the soil improved when treated with lime. The UCS and the unsoaked CBR values increased from 420 kN/m2 and 22 % for the natural soil to 447 kN/m2 and 35 %, respectively, at 2 % oil/2 % lime treatment. The UCS and CBR values increased by 6 and 59 %, respectively. Based on compaction characteristics and strength assessments, optimum properties of the oil contaminated soil were obtained at 2 % lime content. The mixture can be used as sub-base material for lightly trafficked roads.
Extract of Cassia senna as Green Inhibitor for the Corrosion of Mild Steel in 1M Hydrochloric Acid Solution
Authors: Karthik R. , Muthukrishnan P. , Elangovan A. , Jeyaprabha B. , Prakash P. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Anticorrosion activity of Cassia senna leaf extract (CSLE) as a corrosion inhibitor in 1M hydrochloric acid solution (HCl) has been investigated using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. Results show that the inhibition efficiency decreases with the rise of temperature from 308 to 313 K. Polarization measurements show that the CSLE acts as a mixed-type inhibitor. Nyquist plot shows that on increasing CSLE concentration, the charge transfer increases and the double-layer capacitance decreases. The adsorption of CSLE on mild steel obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies confirm the adsorption of CSLE on mild steel surfaces.
Microstructurally Mediated Changes in Fracture Characteristics for Electrochemically Hydrogenated 4340 Steel
Authors: Hassan Mobbassar Sk , Overfelt Ruel A. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The effect of hydrogen on the fracture characteristics of low alloy 4340 steel was studied using double-notched tensile samples electrochemically charged in situ with hydrogen in 1 N H2SO4 + 5 mg/l As2O3 solution. Fracture behaviors of samples with prior austenitic grain sizes of 10 and 40 μm and martensitic hardness of 43–52 HRC (Rockwell hardness, C scale) were examined after hydrogen charging times of 0–40 min. As expected, increases in hydrogen charging time and hardness resulted in decreased failure strains and decreased evidence of ductile fracture. Harder samples showed predominant intergranular fracture close to the notch and a combination of ductile and flat surfaces away from the notch. Softer samples showed mixed mode intergranular and quasi-cleavage fracture close to the notch and predominant ductile fracture as distance from the notch increased.