bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interventions for Hip Pain in the Maturing Athlete
Authors: Gomberawalla M. Mustafa , Kelly Bryan T. , Bedi Asheesh 
Published: July 2013

Context: Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) alters hip mechanics, results in hip pain, and may lead to secondary osteoarthritis (OA) in the maturing athlete. Hip impingement can be caused by osseous abnormalities in the proximal femur or acetabulum. These impingement lesions may cause altered loads within the hip joint, which result in repetitive collision damage or sheer forces to the chondral surfaces and acetabular labrum. These anatomic lesions and resultant abnormal mechanics may lead to early osteoarthritic changes. Evidence Acquisition: Relevant articles from the years 1995 to 2013 were identified using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the bibliographies of reviewed publications. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Results: Improvements in hip arthroscopy have allowed FAI to be addressed utilizing the arthroscope. Adequately resecting the underlying osseous abnormalities is essential to improving hip symptomatology and preventing further chondral damage. Additionally, preserving the labrum by repairing the damaged tissue and restoring the suction seal may theoretically help normalize hip mechanics and prevent further arthritic changes. The outcomes of joint-preserving treatment options may be varied in the maturing athlete due to the degree of underlying OA. Irreversible damage to the hip joint may have already occurred in patients with moderate to advanced OA. In the presence of preexisting arthritis, these patients may only experience fair or even poor results after hip arthroscopy, with early conversion to hip replacement. For patients with advanced hip arthritis, total hip arthroplasty remains a treatment option to reliably improve symptoms with good to excellent outcomes and return to low-impact activities. Conclusion: Advances in the knowledge base and treatment techniques of intra-articular hip pain have allowed surgeons to address this complex clinical problem with promising outcomes. Traditionally, open surgical dislocations for hip preservation surgery have shown good long-term results. Improvements in hip arthroscopy have led to outcomes equivalent to open surgery while utilizing significantly less invasive techniques. However, outcomes may ultimately depend on the degree of underlying OA. When counseling the mature athlete with hip pain, an understanding of the underlying anatomy, degree of arthritis, and expectations will help guide the treating surgeon in offering appropriate treatment options.
Blood-Induced Joint Damage
Authors: van Meegeren Monique E.R. , Roosendaal Goris , Jansen Nathalie W.D. , Lafeber Floris P.J.G. , Mastbergen Simon C. 
Published: July 2013

Objective: Four days of blood exposure leads to irreversible cartilage damage in vitro. In contrast, intermittent intra-articular blood injections twice a week during 4 weeks (mimicking micro-bleeds) in a canine model resulted in transient damage only. In this study, it was evaluated whether acute joint bleeds are more harmful than micro-bleeds in a canine model of knee arthropathy. Design: Seven dogs received 4 sequential daily intra-articular blood injections twice in 2 weeks (mimicking 2 acute 4-day joint bleeds). Seven other dogs received the same blood load but in a total of 8 injections intermittently over the 4-week period with at least 1 day in between (mimicking micro-bleeds over the same timespan). Contralateral knees served as controls. Ten weeks after the last injection cartilage matrix turnover and synovial inflammation were evaluated. Results: Only after the acute joint bleeds the release of newly formed and total (resident) cartilage matrix glycosaminoglycans were increased ( P = 0.04 and P = 0.01, respectively). Furthermore, in animals with the acute joint bleeds cartilage glycosaminoglycan content was decreased ( P = 0.01) and not in animals with micro-bleeds. Mild synovial inflammation was observed in both groups (both P < 0.0001) but was not different between groups. Conclusions: In contrast to micro-bleeds, 2 acute joint bleeds lead to prolonged cartilage damage independent of the level of synovial inflammation. This model suggests that micro-bleeds are less devastating than acute joint bleeds with respect to joint damage, which might be of relevance to treatment of joint bleeds in clinical practice.
Development of a novel vitrification method for chondrocyte sheets
Authors: Maehara Miki , Sato Masato , Watanabe Masahito , Matsunari Hitomi , Kokubo Mami , Kanai Takahiro , Sato Michio , Matsumura Kazuaki , Hyon Suong-Hyu , Yokoyama Munetaka , Mochida Joji , Nagashima Hiroshi 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
There is considerable interest in using cell sheets for the treatment of various lesions as part of regenerative medicine therapy. Cell sheets can be prepared in temperature-responsive culture dishes and applied to injured tissue. For example, cartilage-derived cell sheets are currently under preclinical testing for use in treatment of knee cartilage injuries. The additional use of cryopreservation technology could increase the range and practicality of cell sheet therapies. To date, however, cryopreservation of cell sheets has proved impractical.

Results
Here we have developed a novel and effective method for cryopreserving fragile chondrocyte sheets. We modified the vitrification method previously developed for cryopreservation of mammalian embryos to vitrify a cell sheet through use of a minimum volume of vitrification solution containing 20% dimethyl sulfoxide, 20% ethylene glycol, 0.5 M sucrose, and 10% carboxylated poly-L-lysine. The principal feature of our method is the coating of the cell sheet with a viscous vitrification solution containing permeable and non-permeable cryoprotectants prior to vitrification in liquid nitrogen vapor. This method prevented fracturing of the fragile cell sheet even after vitrification and rewarming. Both the macro- and microstructures of the vitrified cell sheets were maintained without damage or loss of major components. Cell survival in the vitrified sheets was comparable to that in non-vitrified samples.

Conclusions
We have shown here that it is feasible to vitrify chondrocyte cell sheets and that these sheets retain their normal characteristics upon thawing. The availability of a practical cryopreservation method should make a significant contribution to the effectiveness and range of applications of cell sheet therapy.
miR-99b-targeted mTOR induction contributes to irradiation resistance in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Wei Feng , Liu Yan , Guo Yanhai , Xiang An , Wang Guangyi , Xue Xiaochang , Lu Zifan 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
Radiation exerts direct antitumor effects and is widely used in clinics, but the efficacy is severely compromised by tumor resistance. Therefore uncovering the mechanism of radioresistance might promote the development of new strategies to overcome radioresistance by manipulating activity of the key molecules.

Methods
Immunohistochemistry were used to find whether mTOR were over-activated in radioresistant patients’ biopsies. Then Western blot, real-time PCR and transfection were used to find whether radiotherapy regulates the expression and activity of mTOR by modulating its targeting microRNA in human pancreatic cancer cell lines PANC-1, Capan-2 and BxPC-3. Finally efficacy of radiation combined with mTOR dual inhibitor AZD8055 was assessed in vitro and in vivo.

Results
Ionizing radiation promoted mTOR expression and activation in pancreatic cancer cells through reducing miR-99b expression, which negatively regulated mTOR. Novel mTOR inhibitor, AZD8055 (10 nM, 100 nM, 500 nM) synergistically promoted radiation (0–10 Gy) induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. In human pancreatic cancer xenografts, fractionated radiation combined with AZD8055 treatment further increased the anti-tumor effect, the tumor volume was shrinked to 278 mm3 after combination treatment for 3 weeks compared with single radiation (678 mm3) or AZD8055 (708 mm3) treatment (P < 0.01).

Conclusions
Our data provide a rationale for overcoming radio-resistance by combined with mTOR inhibitor AZD8055 in pancreatic cancer therapy.
Temperature dependence of the electrical transport properties in few-layer graphene interconnects
Authors: Liu Yanping , Liu Zongwen , Lew Wen Siang , Wang Qi Jie 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
We report a systematic investigation of the temperature dependence of electrical resistance behaviours in tri- and four-layer graphene interconnects. Nonlinear current–voltage characteristics were observed at different temperatures, which are attributed to the heating effect. With the resistance curve derivative analysis method, our experimental results suggest that Coulomb interactions play an essential role in our devices. The room temperature measurements further indicate that the graphene layers exhibit the characteristics of semiconductors mainly due to the Coulomb scattering effects. By combining the Coulomb and short-range scattering theory, we derive an analytical model to explain the temperature dependence of the resistance, which agrees well with the experimental results.
Influenza A/Hong Kong/156/1997(H5N1) virus NS1 gene mutations F103L and M106I both increase IFN antagonism, virulence and cytoplasmic localization but differ in binding to RIG-I and CPSF30
Authors: Dankar Samar K , Miranda Elena , Forbes Nicole E , Pelchat Martin , Tavassoli Ali , Selman Mohammed , Ping Jihui , Jia Jianjun , Brown Earl G 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
The genetic basis for avian to mammalian host switching in influenza A virus is largely unknown. The human A/HK/156/1997 (H5N1) virus that transmitted from poultry possesses NS1 gene mutations F103L + M106I that are virulence determinants in the mouse model of pneumonia; however their individual roles have not been determined. The emergent A/Shanghai/patient1/2013(H7N9)-like viruses also possess these mutations which may contribute to their virulence and ability to switch species.

Methods
NS1 mutant viruses were constructed by reverse genetics and site directed mutagenesis on human and mouse-adapted backbones. Mouse infections assessed virulence, virus yield, tissue infection, and IFN induction. NS1 protein properties were assessed for subcellular distribution, IFN antagonism (mouse and human), CPSF30 and RIG-I domain binding, host transcription (microarray); and the natural prevalence of 103L and 106I mutants was assessed.

Results
Each of the F103L and M106I mutations contributes additively to virulence to reduce the lethal dose by >800 and >3,200 fold respectively by mediating alveolar tissue infection with >100 fold increased infectious yields. The 106I NS1 mutant lost CPSF binding but the 103L mutant maintained binding that correlated with an increased general decrease in host gene expression in human but not mouse cells. Each mutation positively modulated the inhibition of IFN induction in mouse cells and activation of the IFN-β promoter in human cells but not in combination in human cells indicating negative epistasis. Each of the F103L and M106I mutations restored a defect in cytoplasmic localization of H5N1 NS1 in mouse cells. Human H1N1 and H3N2 NS1 proteins bound to the CARD, helicase and RD RIG-I domains, whereas the H5N1 NS1 with the same consensus 103F and 106M mutations did not bind these domains, which was totally or partially restored by the M106I or F103L mutations respectively.

Conclusions
The F103L and M106I mutations in the H5N1 NS1 protein each increased IFN antagonism and mediated interstitial pneumonia in mice that was associated with increased cytoplasmic localization and altered host factor binding. These mutations may contribute to the ability of previous HPAI H5N1 and recent LPAI H7N9 and H6N1 (NS1-103L+106M) viruses to switch hosts and cause disease in humans.
A retrospective observational study comparing hair apposition technique, suturing and stapling for scalp lacerations
Authors: Ozturk Derya , Sonmez Bedriye Müge , Altinbilek Ertugrul , Kavalci Cemil , Arslan Engin Deniz , Akay Serhat 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Aim
Scalp lacerations are commonly encountered in patients presenting to emergency department with trauma. Lacerations are repaired with suturing, stapling, adhesive tapes, and tissue adhesives. In this study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of suturing, stapling, and hair apposition techniques used in repair of scalp lacerations in patients who presented to emergency department with scalp laceration.

Materials and method
After obtaining approval of local ethics committee, we examined the effects of the three technique used to repair scalp lacerations on wound healing, complication rate, and patient satisfaction by recording data. Categorical variables were expressed as n and %. X2 test was used for statistical analysis. A p value less than 0.05 was accepted statistically significant.

Results
Our study included a total of 134 patients of whom were treated 37 (27.6%) with hair apposition technique 49, 48 (35.8%) with suturing, and (36.6%) with stapling. There was a significant difference between the scalp repair technique and 7th and 15th day patient satisfaction rates in favor of the hair apposition technique (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference between the scalp repair technique and cosmetic problems after 15 days (p < 0.05). Cosmetic problems 15 days after the procedure were significantly lower in the hair apposition technique.

Conclusion
In patients presenting to emergency departments with linear scalp laceration suturing, stapling, and hair apposition techniques can be safely applied. However, hair apposition technique has the advantages of being more satisfying, and having lower cosmetic problem and complication rates compared with other techniques.
Levels of pro-apoptotic regulator Bad and anti-apoptotic regulator Bcl-xL determine the type of the apoptotic logic gate
Authors: Bogdał Marta N , Hat Beata , Kochańczyk Marek , Lipniacki Tomasz 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
Apoptosis is a tightly regulated process: cellular survive-or-die decisions cannot be accidental and must be unambiguous. Since the suicide program may be initiated in response to numerous stress stimuli, signals transmitted through a number of checkpoints have to be eventually integrated.

Results
In order to analyze possible mechanisms of the integration of multiple pro-apoptotic signals, we constructed a simple model of the Bcl-2 family regulatory module. The module collects upstream signals and processes them into life-or-death decisions by employing interactions between proteins from three subgroups of the Bcl-2 family: pro-apoptotic multidomain effectors, pro-survival multidomain restrainers, and pro-apoptotic single domain BH3-only proteins. Although the model is based on ordinary differential equations (ODEs), it demonstrates that the Bcl-2 family module behaves akin to a Boolean logic gate of the type dependent on levels of BH3-only proteins (represented by Bad) and restrainers (represented by Bcl-xL). A low level of pro-apoptotic Bad or a high level of pro-survival Bcl-xL implies gate AND, which allows for the initiation of apoptosis only when two stress stimuli are simultaneously present: the rise of the p53 killer level and dephosphorylation of kinase Akt. In turn, a high level of Bad or a low level of Bcl-xL implies gate OR, for which any of these stimuli suffices for apoptosis.

Conclusions
Our study sheds light on possible signal integration mechanisms in cells, and spans a bridge between modeling approaches based on ODEs and on Boolean logic. In the proposed scheme, logic gates switching results from the change of relative abundances of interacting proteins in response to signals and involves system bistability. Consequently, the regulatory system may process two analogous inputs into a digital survive-or-die decision.
Alteration in protein profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PTSOX4) coated with magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles
Authors: Bahrampour Fazeleh , Raheb Jamshid , Rabiei Zohreh 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
One of the remarkable features of bacterial species is their capacity for rapid growth when the appropriate environmental condition for growth is provided. Some bacteria, during their growth period, encounter stress factors in their natural environments, such as limitation in growth bioavailability, heat shock, heavy metal, etc. One stress factor not studied is the effect of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles on bacterial growth rate. The effect of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles on the protein profiles of genetically engineered bacterial strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PTSOX4), a strain with biological desulfurization characteristic, was investigated. The magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using co-sedimentation method, and their morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The topography of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles was detected by X-ray diffraction, and the average nanoparticle size measured was 40 to 50 nm. The bacterial cells were coated with magnetic nanoparticles, and the SEM electrographs of the bacterial cells indicated that the nanoparticles were uniformly coated on the cell surface. Proteins from both uncoated and coated bacterial cells were extracted by sonication and subjected to two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Some novel protein bands appeared in the protein profiles of coated bacterial cells; however, some protein bands disappeared. The two-dimensional gel electrophoresis results highlighted the presence of two different polypeptide groups, with molecular weights of 30 to 56 kDa and 56 to 65 kDa.
New autoantibodies in early rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Charpin Caroline , Arnoux Fanny , Martin Marielle , Toussirot Eric , Lambert Nathalie , Balandraud Nathalie , Wendling Daniel , Diot Elisabeth , Roudier Jean , Auger Isabelle 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease causing articular cartilage and bone destruction. Since irreversible joint destruction can be prevented by intervention at the early stages of disease, early diagnosis of RA is important. In this study, we identified new autoantibodies in the sera of patients with early (less than one year) RA.

Methods
We screened the sera of 20 RA patients with disease duration less than one year, 19 RA patients with disease duration more than five years and 23 controls on 8,268 human protein arrays. We confirmed the validity of protein array detection by ELISA assays. We then performed epitope mapping with overlapping 15-mers to analyze RA sera reactivity.

Results
WIBG (within BGCN homolog (Drosophila)), GABARAPL2 (GABA(A) receptor associated protein like 2) and ZNF706 (zinc finger protein 706) proteins are preferentially recognized by autoantibodies from early RA patients. Of interest, autoantibodies to WIBG are very specific for early RA. Indeed, 33% of early RA patients' sera recognize WIBG versus 5% of RA patients with disease duration more than 5 years and 2% of controls. We identified three linear peptides on WIBG GABARAPL2 and ZNF706 that are preferentially recognized by sera of early RA patients.

Conclusions
We identified new autoantibodies associated with RA with disease duration less than one year. These autoantibodies could be used as diagnosis markers in RA patients.
Democratic Pluralism: Placing African-American Student-Athletes in the Context of a New Agenda for Higher Education
Authors: Edwards Harry 
Published: July 2013

Harry Edwards delivered the NACADA Journal symposium lecture at the 1990 NACADA National Conference. He was invited by the Journal's editors to expand the ideas he presented into an article to give the entire membership an opportunity to examine these ideas. We have also included responses from several professionals who are actively involved in exploring the issues that Edwards deals with. The editors welcome further responses to this article.The character and dynamics of developments at the interface of intergroup relations, education, and sport are shown to be deeply embedded in the historical evolution and intertwined with the contemporary complexities and contradictions of race and ethnic relations more generally in American society. The proposition is developed that African-American student-athletes' patterned negative outcomes can be reliably understood and effectively addressed only if due consideration is given social, cultural, and political forces that serious-impact but that emanate far beyond the institutional functioning of academia and sport. Established and broadly accepted African-American advancement strategies and goals are critiqued and evaluated relative to their past viability and future remedial potential as adjunctive influences upon the content, contours, and direction of African-American education. Competing educational philosophies and methods are analysed and assessed as to the appropriateness and promise of each in a postindustrial, ever more ethnically diverse America. Democratic pluralism is posed as an alternative to both established Black liberal and incipient Black neoconservative integration/assimilation dispositions and change regimens, as well as to various Black separatist and separate development strategems relative to African-American individual and collective advancement in sport, education, and society. Broad perspectives and guidelines pertaining to the role responsibilities and realms of accountability of educational administrators (particularly college presidents and chancellors), counselling supervisors and academic advisors, teachers, African-American communities and families, and African-American student-athletes are discussed against a background of longstanding and ongoing Black/White intergroup tensions and heightened athletic and academic pressures upon the student-athlete.
Everything You Need To Know About Career Development You Already Know
Authors: Spokane Arnold R. , Richardson Tina Q. 
Published: July 2013

Before we begin, we want you to dig deeply into your own career and focus on your feelings about it.
No, no, not like that—we mean dig really deeply, beyond the superficial reasons and into those early dreams, hopes, and aspirations.
That's right, look way down there, where all of those private feelings lie, feelings about what you wanted to do and what you've actually done with your life. These are feelings that you probably do not share with your closest friends or with your parents or with anyone for that matter.
All that you need to know to understand a student or an advisee is embedded in those personal experiences you probably acknowledge only rarely.
The Student Learning Agenda: Implications for Academic Advisors
Authors: Kuh George D. 
Published: July 2013

[George Kuh was the NACADA Journal keynote speaker at the annual conference in Kansas City, MO on October 5, 1997. Some of his ideas were also expressed in a presentation at the 1997 American Association of Higher Education Assessment Forum in Miami, Florida (Kuh, 1997), in a paper that will appear in About Campus (Kuh, 1998), and in a chapter on expectations for Good Practices for Student Affairs (Kuh, in press).]
By discussing the evolution and impact of the Student Learning Imperative (SLI) (American College Personnel Association, 1996), I place academic advising in the context of a larger movement in American higher education. The SLI asserts that professionals who work with students primarily outside the classroom can increase institutional productivity and enhance student learning by collaborating with faculty and others. I then offer suggestions for how advisors can contribute more directly to their institutions' educational missions by promoting higher levels of student engagement with learning opportunities.