bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A contribuição do método Meir Schneider - Self-healing em um caso de osteoartrose de mãos
Authors: Spaziante Turolla Ana Carolina , Gebrael Tatiana Luísa Reis , Nascimento Beatriz Ambrósio do 
Published: April 2015

<p>O objetivo deste estudo foi o de apresentar uma alternativa de tratamento para a osteoartrose de mão com a utilização do método Meir Schneider - Self Healing. Foi realizado um estudo de caso, no qual a participante selecionada tinha o diagnóstico osteoartrose de mãos bilateral. Foi realizada intervenção clínica de Terapia Ocupacional com a utilização dos exercícios e massagens propostos pelo método, em uma clínica particular de terapia ocupacional. Foram realizadas medidas de pré-testes e pós-testes para a verifi cação da melhora da dor da<br />paciente e da sua qualidade de vida. Os resultados indicam que o método pode ser uma alternativa de tratamento para esses casos, pois, apontaram melhora da dor, da capacidade funcional e da qualidade de vida da paciente. Conclui-se, no entanto, que por se tratar de um estudo de caso ainda são necessários mais estudos.</p>
Organized Convection Parameterization for the ITCZ*
Authors: Khouider Boualem , Moncrieff Mitchell W. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) are of fundamental importance in the dynamics of the atmospheric circulation and the climate system. They are often observed to develop over significant terrain in ambient shear flows in midlatitudes and embedded within the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and convectively coupled equatorial wave (CCEW) envelopes, as well as in the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). Yet general circulation models (GCMs) fail to resolve these systems, and their underlying convective parameterizations are not directed to represent organized circulations. Shear-parallel MCSs, which are common in the ITCZ, have a three-dimensional structure and, as such, present a serious modeling challenge. Here, a previously developed multicloud model (MCM) is modified to parameterize MCSs. One of the main modifications is the parameterization of stratiform condensation to capture extended stratiform outflows, which characterize MCSs, resulting from strong upper-level jets. Linear analysis shows that, under the influence of a typical double African and equatorial jet shear flow, this modification results in an additional new scale-selective instability peaking at the mesoalpha scale of roughly 400 km. Nonlinear simulations conducted with the modified MCM on a 400 km × 400 km doubly periodic domain, without rotation, resulted in the spontaneous transition from a quasi-two-dimensional shear-perpendicular convective system, consistent with linear theory, to a fully three-dimensional flow structure. The simulation is characterized by shear-parallel bands of convection, moving slowly eastward, embedded in stratiform systems that expand perpendicularly and propagate westward with the upper-level jet. The mean circulation and the implications for the domain-averaged vertical transport of momentum and potential temperature are discussed.
A Multiwavenumber Theory for Eddy Diffusivities and Its Application to the Southeast Pacific (DIMES) Region
Authors: Chen Ru , Gille Sarah T. , McClean Julie L. , Flierl Glenn R. , Griesel Alexa 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA multiwavenumber theory is formulated to represent eddy diffusivities. It expands on earlier single-wavenumber theories and includes the wide range of wavenumbers encompassed in eddy motions. In the limiting case in which ocean eddies are only composed of a single wavenumber, the multiwavenumber theory is equivalent to the single-wavenumber theory and both show mixing suppression by the eddy propagation relative to the mean flow. The multiwavenumber theory was tested in a region of the Southern Ocean (70°–45°S, 110°–20°W) that covers the Drake Passage and includes the tracer/float release locations during the Diapycnal and Isopycnal Mixing Experiment in the Southern Ocean (DIMES). Cross-stream eddy diffusivities and mixing lengths were estimated in this region from the single-wavenumber theory, from the multiwavenumber theory, and from floats deployed in a global ° Parallel Ocean Program (POP) simulation. Compared to the single-wavenumber theory, the horizontal structures of cross-stream mixing lengths from the multiwavenumber theory agree better with the simulated float-based estimates at almost all depth levels. The multiwavenumber theory better represents the vertical structure of cross-stream mixing lengths both inside and outside the Antarctica Circumpolar Current (ACC). Both the single-wavenumber and multiwavenumber theories represent the horizontal structures of cross-stream diffusivities, which resemble the eddy kinetic energy patterns.
Carcinogenicity of psychotropic drugs: A systematic review of US Food and Drug Administration–required preclinical in vivo studies
Authors: Amerio Andrea , Gálvez Juan Francisco , Odone Anna , Dalley Shannon A , Ghaemi S Nassir 
Published: April 2015

Objective: The US Food and Drug Administration approval process for psychotropic drugs requires safety studies of carcinogenicity in animals. These studies are consistently conducted and provide a database for assessment of potential biological risk of carcinogenicity in humans. This report is a systematic review of that database for psychotropic drugs. Method: US Food and Drug Administration–approved registration data (‘package inserts’) were examined, where available, for all psychotropic drugs in the following classes: antidepressants, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines/sedative-hypnotics, amphetamines and anticonvulsants. Results: Overall, new generation (atypical) antipsychotics (90%, 9/10 agents) and anticonvulsants (85.7%, 6/7 agents) showed the highest evidence of carcinogenicity among psychotropic drugs classes assessed. Antidepressants (63.6%, 7/11) and benzodiazepines/sedative-hypnotics (70%, 7/10) were next, and stimulants (with the exception of methylphenidate) were last (25%, 1/4 agents). Overall, 71.4% of all drugs examined (30/42) showed evidence of carcinogenicity in 43.2% (38/88) of specific experimental studies. Conclusions: US Food and Drug Administration–based analyses demonstrate that almost all atypical antipsychotics and anticonvulsants are carcinogenic in animals, as are the majority of antidepressants and benzodiazepines and methylphenidate. These animal-based results are not sufficient to draw definitive conclusions in humans, but they provide data that could be acknowledged in the informed consent process of clinical treatment.
Building the Bridge From Pediatric to Adult Diabetes Care
Authors: Egan Eileen A. , Corrigan Jean , Shurpin Kathleen 
Published: April 2015

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured transition program by measuring clinical and psychometric properties related to transition and adherence to follow-up. Transition of emerging adults with type 1 diabetes can be problematic. This natural progression to adult health care is often delayed, leading to transition at less than optimal times. Implementation of a transition program will improve the transition process for emerging adults with type 1 diabetes. Methods Mixed-method, prospective longitudinal study involving collaboration between pediatric and adult providers. Subjects age 18 to 28 years were identified for transition. Transition was facilitated via joint appointment with pediatric and adult health care providers. Participants completed pre- and posttransition surveys measuring diabetes-related distress (Diabetes Distress Scale [DDS]), quality of life (Diabetes Quality of Life Youth–Short Form [DQOLY-SF]), and perceived health care provider autonomy support (Health Care Climate Questionnaire [HCCQ]). Primary outcome was adherence to follow-up. Secondary outcomes evaluated correlations in DDS, DQOLY-SF, HCCQ, and A1C. Chart review assessed acute complications, A1C, and adherence to follow-up. Results Adherence to follow-up was 100%. This study found that correlations between DQOLY-SF and DDS and correlations between DDS and A1C were highly significant during the pretransition phase. This study also indicated that the same correlations were highly significant following transition. Paired t test indicated a statistically significant reduction in diabetes distress from pre- to posttransition evaluations and an increase in HCCQ. Content comparative analysis of open-ended questions further illustrated issues related to transition. Conclusion Use of a structured transition process with joint appointments and transition coordinator improves adherence to follow-up and reduces diabetes-related distress.
Laryngeal Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Dutta Rahul , Husain Qasim , Kam David , Dubal Pariket M. , Baredes Soly , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: April 2015

ObjectivePapillary squamous cell carcinoma has emerged as a distinct entity from the more common keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. The basis behind this distinction relates not only to its histologic variation but also to its overall prognosis and survival. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the incidence, demographics, and long‐term survival of laryngeal papillary squamous cell carcinoma (LPSCC) and how it relates to other laryngeal malignancies using a population‐based database.Study DesignAnalysis of a population‐based tumor registry.MethodsThe United States National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry was used to perform a retrospective analysis. Patients diagnosed with LPSCC from 1973 to 2011 were identified. Data endpoints extracted included patient demographics, incidence, and survival.ResultsThree‐hundred seventy cases of LPSCC were identified, corresponding to 0.5% of all laryngeal tumors. There was a 3:1 male predilection, without a significant racial preference. Most tumors identified were localized (T1) and at stage 1. The 1‐year, 5‐year, and 10‐year disease‐specific survival (DSS) for LPSCC was 97.1%, 83.1%, and 73.9%, respectively, compared with 87.9%, 64.5%, and 50.5% for other laryngeal malignancies (P values <.0001). Surgery was associated with a higher overall DSS in both LPSCC (87.4% vs 78.8%) and other laryngeal malignancies (70% vs 59.4%) when compared with other treatment modalities.ConclusionThis analysis of the largest sample of LPSCC demonstrates a better prognosis for this pathology compared with other laryngeal malignancies.
Oropharyngeal Contamination Predisposes to Complications after Neck Dissection
Authors: Jain Umang , Somerville Jessica , Saha Sujata , Hackett Nicholas James , Ver Halen Jon P. , Antony Anuja K. , Samant Sandeep 
Published: April 2015

ObjectiveWhile neck dissection is important in the treatment of head and neck cancer, there is a paucity of studies evaluating outcomes. We sought to compare preoperative variables and outcomes between clean and contaminated neck dissections, using the 2006‐2011 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) data sets.Study DesignRetrospective review of prospectively maintained database.SettingMulticenter (university hospitals; tertiary referral centers).Subjects and MethodsA retrospective review was performed of the NSQIP database to identify patients undergoing neck dissection in clean vs oropharyngeal contaminated cases. Clinical factors, comorbidities, epidemiologic factors, and procedural characteristics were analyzed to identify factors associated with 30‐day postoperative adverse events, including medical and surgical complications, unplanned reoperation, and mortality. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed for the outcome of one or more adverse events.ResultsIn total, 8890 patients had clean neck dissections, while 572 patients had neck wound contamination with oropharyngeal flora. On multivariable regression analysis, oropharyngeal contamination was a significant risk factor for surgical complications (odds ratio [OR], 3.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.96‐5.96;P<. 001). However, medical complications and mortality were not significantly different between the 2 cohorts. This finding persisted after subgroup analysis, with removal of all thyroidectomy patients from analysis (OR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.25‐4.36;P=. 008).ConclusionUsing the ACS‐NSQIP data set, this study found an increased risk of surgical complications in the setting of contaminated neck dissections. These data should be used for patient risk stratification, informed consent, and to guide further research.
Robust Differences in p16‐Dependent Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Distant Metastasis
Authors: Jaber James J. , Murrill Lauren , Clark Joseph I. , Johnson Jonas T. , Feustel Paul J. , Mehta Vikas 
Published: April 2015

ObjectiveHistorically, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has been earmarked a lymphatic malignancy. Recently, this has been called into question. Our study aims to (1) illustrate the robust differences in distant metastases between p16+ and p16– oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) and (2) provide support that p16+ OPSCC has a predilection toward vasculature invasion and hematogenous spread.Study DesignMulti‐institutional, case series with chart review.SettingFour academic institutions.Subjects and MethodsWithin a group of 1113 patients with primary OPSCC who received treatment between 1979 and 2013, those who developed distant metastasis (DM) were divided into 2 cohorts based on p16 status. Intergroup and intragroup univariate analysis was performed as well as descriptive analysis of end‐organ sites.ResultsOf the 1058 patients included, 89 developed DM. Thirty were p16– and 59 were p16+. Of the p16– patients with DM, only 10% had disseminated disease (distant metastases at ≥2 sites) compared with 74% of p16+ patients. Distant disease in p16+ patients included brain, abdomen, and a distinct pattern of pulmonary metastases.ConclusionOur large, multi‐institutional study supports published reports that p16+ OPSCC metastasizes with a unique phenotype that is hematogenous and widely disseminated with atypical end‐organ sites. Our data suggest that p16+ OPSCC has a predilection toward active vasculature invasion as evidenced by the results and illustrative radiologic and pathohistologic examples. These findings may have implications for future targeted therapy when treating p16+ OPSCC.
Ethnic Differences in the BMI-%BF Relationships between Young Japanese and Australian-Caucasian Males Living in Australia Using Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry
Authors: Kagawa M , Kerr D , Binns C 
Published: April 2015

The Body Mass Index (BMI) has been used worldwide as an indicator of fatness. However, the universal cut-off points by the World Health Organisation (WHO) classification may not be appropriate for every ethnic group when consider the relationship with their actual total body fatness (%BF). The application of population-specific classifications to assess BMI may be more relevant to public health. Ethnic differences in the BMI-%BF relationship between 45 Japanese and 42 Australian-Caucasian males were assessed using whole body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan and anthropometry using a standard protocol. Japanese males had significantly ( p<0.05) greater %BF at given BMI values than Australian males. When this is taken into account the newly proposed Asia-Pacific BMI classification of BMI >23 as overweight and >25 as obese may better assess the level of obesity that is associated increased health risks for this population. To clarify the current findings, further studies that compare the relationships across other Japanese populations are recommended.
Validation of Kidney Transplantation Using Administrative Data
Authors: Lam Ngan N , McArthur Eric , Kim S Joseph , Knoll Gregory A 
Published: April 2015

Background: Administrative data are increasingly being used to assess outcomes in kidney transplant recipients. Objective: To assess the validity of transplant data in healthcare administrative databases compared to the reference standard of information collected directly from transplant centres. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: One of three major transplant centres in Ontario (Toronto General Hospital, University Hospital – London, and Ottawa Hospital). Patients: Recipients who received a kidney-only transplant between 2008 and 2011. Measurements: For each data source, we identified kidney transplants performed. We calculated the sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of the administrative data for the reference standard data. Methods: The data collected from transplant centres were compared with data from the Canadian Organ Replacement Register (CORR) database, a hospital procedural code from the Canadian Institute for Health Information Discharge Abstract Database (CIHI-DAD), and provincial physician billing claims from the Ontario Health Insurance Plan (OHIP) database. Results: During the study period, the three centres reported a total of 1112 kidney transplants performed. The probability of identifying kidney transplant recipients in CORR, CIHI, and OHIP, given they were identified by the transplant centres (sensitivity), was 96%, 98%, and 98% respectively. The probability that the database code correctly identified a transplant recipient (positive predictive value) in CORR, CIHI, and OHIP was 98%, 98%, and 96% respectively. Limitations: We validated the information from 2008 to 2011 and cannot attest to the reliability of the data beyond the study period. Specifically, we would not regard this as evidence that applies to the earlier years, shortly after the inception of the databases. Secondly, we were unable to distinguish between first and repeat transplantation. Conclusions: Codes in CORR, CIHI, and OHIP each operate well in the detection of kidney transplant recipients. These data sources can be used to efficiently identify and follow kidney transplant recipients for post-transplant outcomes.
The inhibitory effect of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) on formation of neutrophil extracellular traps
Authors: Zabieglo Katarzyna , Majewski Pawel , Majchrzak-Gorecka Monika , Wlodarczyk Agnieszka , Grygier Beata , Zegar Aneta , Kapinska-Mrowiecka Monika , Naskalska Antonina , Pyrc Krzysztof , Dubin Adam , Wahl Sharon M , Cichy Joanna 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), web-like DNA structures, provide efficient means of eliminating invading microorganisms but can also present a potential threat to its host because it is a likely source of autoantigens or by promoting bystander tissue damage. Therefore, it is important to identify mechanisms that inhibit NET formation. Neutrophil elastase (NE)-dependent chromatin decondensation is a key event in the release of NETs release. We hypothesized that inhibitors of NE, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) and α1-proteinase inhibitor (α1-PI), has a role in restricting NET generation. Here, we demonstrate that exogenous human SLPI, but not α1-PI markedly inhibited NET formation in human neutrophils. The ability of exogenous SLPI to attenuate NET formation correlated with an inhibition of a core histone, histone 4 (H4), cleavage, and partial dependence on SLPI-inhibitory activity against NE. Moreover, neutrophils from SLPI−/− mice were more efficient at generating NETs than were neutrophils from wild-type mice in vitro, and in experimental psoriasis in vivo. Finally, endogenous SLPI colocalized with NE in the nucleus of human neutrophils in vitro, as well as in vivo in inflamed skin of patients with psoriasis. Together, these findings support a controlling role for SLPI in NET generation, which is of potential relevance to infectious and autoinflammatory diseases.
Effect of Low-Intensity Physical Activity and Moderate- to High-Intensity Physical Exercise During Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Physical Fitness, Fatigue, and Chemotherapy Completion Rates: Results of the PACES Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: van Waart Hanna , Stuiver Martijn M. , van Harten Wim H. , Geleijn Edwin , Kieffer Jacobien M. , Buffart Laurien M. , de Maaker-Berkhof Marianne , Boven Epie , Schrama Jolanda , Geenen Maud M. , Meerum Terwogt Jetske M. , van Bochove Aart , Lustig Vera , van den Heiligenberg Simone M. , Smorenburg Carolien H. , Hellendoorn-van Vreeswijk Jeannette A.J.H. , Sonke Gabe S. , Aaronson Neil K. 
Published: April 2015

Purpose We evaluated the effectiveness of a low-intensity, home-based physical activity program (Onco-Move) and a moderate- to high-intensity, combined supervised resistance and aerobic exercise program (OnTrack) versus usual care (UC) in maintaining or enhancing physical fitness, minimizing fatigue, enhancing health-related quality of life, and optimizing chemotherapy completion rates in patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Patients and Methods We randomly assigned patients who were scheduled to undergo adjuvant chemotherapy (N = 230) to Onco-Move, OnTrack, or UC. Performance-based and self-reported outcomes were assessed before random assignment, at the end of chemotherapy, and at the 6-month follow-up. We used generalized estimating equations to compare the groups over time. Results Onco-Move and OnTrack resulted in less decline in cardiorespiratory fitness (P < .001), better physical functioning (P ≤ .001), less nausea and vomiting (P = .029 and .031, respectively) and less pain (P = .003 and .011, respectively) compared with UC. OnTrack also resulted in better outcomes for muscle strength (P = .002) and physical fatigue (P < .001). At the 6-month follow-up, most outcomes returned to baseline levels for all three groups. A smaller percentage of participants in OnTrack required chemotherapy dose adjustments than those in the UC or Onco-Move groups (P = .002). Both intervention groups returned earlier (P = .012), as well as for more hours per week (P = .014), to work than the control group. Conclusion A supervised, moderate- to high-intensity, combined resistance and aerobic exercise program is most effective for patients with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy. A home-based, low-intensity physical activity program represents a viable alternative for women who are unable or unwilling to follow the higher intensity program.