bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Language to Support Dignity for Children With Advanced Cancer and Their Families
Authors: Humphrey Carolyn , Mehler Shoshana , O’Bryan Sarra , Silverstein Allison , Mali Nidhi , Baker Justin N. , Mack Jennifer W. , Kaye Erica C. 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Conversations about dignity are fundamental to person-centered care in pediatrics, yet practical language strategies to promote and support dignity remain understudied. To address this gap, we aimed to identify and characterize language used by pediatric oncologists to recognize and affirm dignity across advancing illness.

METHODS
In this longitudinal prospective study, we audio-recorded serial disease reevaluation encounters between pediatric oncologists, children with cancer, and families across 24 months or until the child’s death. Using a hybrid deductive–inductive qualitative approach, we defined dignity language a priori on the basis of existing descriptions of dignity in the literature and then conducted a content analysis to refine the definition specific to pediatric cancer care before coding serial medical encounters. Thematic frequencies were reported by using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS
A total of 91 discussions at timepoints of disease progression were audio-recorded for 36 patients and their families. No dignity language was identified in nearly half (45%) of “bad news” encounters, and the time spent by the oncologist engaging in dignity language represented a minority (&lt;7%) of overall recorded dialogue. Within coded dialogue, we characterized 3 key themes upholding dignity language (empowerment, autonomy, respect).

CONCLUSIONS
Opportunities exist to improve dignity communication in childhood cancer, and the authors propose a conceptual model (“Lend an EAR”) to guide dignity-based communication in pediatric cancer. Future research should emphasize patient and parent perspectives on language to support dignity for children with advanced cancer, with stakeholder-driven refinement of the Lend an EAR model before integration and testing in communication skills training programs.
Цифровая трансформация государства и социально-­экономическое неравенство в кросс-­национальной перспективе
Authors: Кабанов Юрий Андреевич , Санина Анна Георгиевна , Стырин Евгений Михайлович 
Published: July 2024

Взаимовлияние информационно-­коммуникационных технологий (ИКТ) и неравенства является растущей мультидисциплинарной областью исследований. Внедрение новых технологий, в частности в государственном секторе, часто сопровождается дискурсом относительно их позитивных социально-­экономических эффектов, однако выводы предыдущих эмпирических исследований пока не так однозначны: в них обнаруживается как положительное, так и отрицательное воздействие цифровой трансформации на социально-­экономическое неравенство. Зачастую такое влияние опосредуется другими переменными, например, качеством институциальной среды. Данная работа вносит вклад в эти исследования, предлагая кросс-­национальный эмпирический анализ влияния технологий электронного правительства и электронного участия на сокращение неравенства в предоставлении базовых государственных услуг по трем измерениям: доход, социальная группа и гендер. Исследование построено на данных ООН и проекта Varieties of Democracy (2008–2022 гг., 171 страна) с использованием корреляционного и регрессионного анализа. В работе сделан вывод о том, что показатели цифровой трансформации значимо и положительно коррелируют с индикаторами социально-­экономического равенства в доступе к государственным услугам. Неравенства меньше в странах с высоким уровнем развития электронных услуг и каналов онлайн-­участия граждан. При этом регрессионный анализ панельных данных с фиксированными эффектами не дает убедительных доказательств, что такая корреляция носит безусловный характер причинно-­следственной связи. Развитие технологий электронного правительства и электронного участия статистически значимо влияет на сокращение неравенства в доступе к услугам, связанного с доходами населения. Однако в случае с остальными измерениями неравенства (социальная группа, гендер) при контроле временных и страновых эффектов, а также институциальной среды, значимого эффекта не наблюдается. Полученные выводы могут свидетельствовать как о нехватке данных, так и о недостаточном трансформирующем влиянии ИКТ на социальные процессы. Расширение хронологических и географических рамок исследования, использование альтернативных измерений для переменных и других методов анализа (включая кейс-стади) являются дальнейшими шагами в изучении данной темы.
«Я как проводник между мирами»: профессиональный выбор взрослых детей глухих родителей
Authors: Малофеева Мария Вячеславовна , Большаков Никита Викторович 
Published: July 2024

Слышащие дети глухих родителей (CODA) представляют собой уникальную социальную группу, процесс социализации которой проходит одновременно в двух культурах: слышащей и глухой. С одной стороны, такие дети усваивают знания, нормы и ценности сообщества глухих, в том числе через владение жестовым языком, который для некоторых из них становится первым языком общения. С другой стороны, им приходится взаимодействовать со слышащим большинством в процессе образования, общения с окружающими или перевода для родителей. Эта амбивалентность может как представлять возможности для получения уникального профессионального опыта, так и выступать в качестве дополнительного барьера при выборе профессии. Данное исследование посвящено анализу того, как опыт социализации в качестве CODA влияет на профессиональный выбор людей, выросших в таких семьях. Основу анализа составляют 17 полуструктурированных интервью: 15 со слышащими взрослыми, выросшими в семьях глухих родителей, в возрасте от 18 до 34 лет, различных профессий, пола и образования, а также два экспертных интервью. Исследование показало, что первый профессиональный выбор CODA часто происходит под влиянием латентной власти родителей, которые транслируют негативные установки по отношению к профессиям, связанным c сообществом глухих, воспринимая их как непрестижные и малооплачиваемые. Тем не менее для CODA характерен также второй профессиональный выбор в пользу таких профессий, как сурдопедагог, юрист для глухих, переводчик РЖЯ ‒ своего рода «возвращение домой» в культуру глухих и принятие роли посредника между глухим и слышащим сообществами. Непосредственный опыт перевода РЖЯ в детстве, будь он воспринят позитивно или негативно, не играет определяющую роль в профессиональном выборе CODA. Вместо этого ключевым фактором «возвращения» становится стремление сохранить связь с культурой глухих.
Handbook of Management and Rehabilitation of Spinal Cord Injuries
Authors: Kumari Dr. V. V. Manjula , Kauser Dr. Mohammed Sheeba , Syamala Dr. Ananta Lakshmi Prasanna 
Published: July 2024

Comprehensive Coverage: The book provides an all-encompassing resource on spinal cord injury care, from acute management to long-term rehabilitation, making it a valuable reference for both new and experienced healthcare professionals.
Interdisciplinary Insights: With contributions from a range of specialists, the handbook offers a multidisciplinary perspective, ensuring well-rounded understanding of SCI management and the importance of team-based care.
Evidence-Based Practices: By integrating the latest research and clinical guidelines, the book ensures that readers are equipped with the most current and effective strategies for treating and rehabilitating SCI patients.
Practical Application: The detailed rehabilitation protocols and actionable techniques provided in the book enable healthcare providers to apply practical solutions in their clinical practice, enhancing patient outcomes.
Holistic Approach: The emphasis on psychosocial aspects and patient-centered care helps healthcare professionals address the mental and emotional needs of SCI patients, promoting overall well-being and better quality of life.
Future-Oriented Content: The exploration of emerging therapies and innovations in SCI treatment keeps readers informed about the latest advancements and future directions in the field, preparing them for upcoming developments in SCI care.
Text Book of Medicinal Chemistry-III for the Students of B.Pharm 6th Semester
Authors: Kemisetti Dr. Durga Prasad 
Published: July 2024

Scope

This subject is designed to impart fundamental knowledge on the structure, chemistry and therapeutic value of drugs.
The subject emphasis on modern techniques of rational drug design like quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR), Prodrug concept, ombinatorial chemistry and Computer aided drug design (CADD).
The subject also emphasizes on the chemistry, mechanism of action, metabolism, adverse effects, Structure Activity Relationships (SAR), therapeutic uses and synthesis of important drugs.

Outcomes- Upon completion of the course students shall be able:

To understand the importance of drug design and different techniques of drug design.
To understand the chemistry of drugs with respect to their biological activity.
Know the metabolism, adverse effects and therapeutic value of drugs.
Know the importance of SAR of drugs.
Development of Soil Test Crop Response (Stcr) and Stcr-Integrated Plant Nutrition Supply (Ipns) Models to Achieve Targeted Yields of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Vertisols of Northern Karnataka
Authors: Reddy K. Jaisimha , Chandrashekara C.P. , Rajyalakshmi B. , Biradar D.P. , Rajakumar G.R. , Kanannavar P.S. 
Published: July 2024

Background: Soil test crop response (STCR) approach assists in determining the appropriate amount of fertilizer to use for particular season and location based on the initial soil fertility status and crop response in terms of nutrient uptake and yield. A field experiment was conducted during 2020-21 at Dharwad, by adopting the Inductive Cum Targeted Yield Model to develop soil test-based fertilizer prescriptions under STCR and STCR-IPNS approach to achieve desired target yields of maize in vertisols of Northern Karnataka, India. Methods: In the experiment’s first phase, an exhaust crop fodder maize was grown in three different fertility strips. After the harvest of fodder maize, the soil fertility levels varied significantly among the strips, indicating the creation of fertility gradients. In the second phase of the experiment, a test crop (hybrid maize) was grown and the response of maize to four levels of N, P and K and three levels of FYM under different fertility gradients was studied. The basic parameters viz, nutrient requirement (NR), contribution of nutrients from soil (Cs), fertilizers (Cf) and FYM (Cfym) were computed using the data from test crop experiment. The basic parameters viz, nutrient requirement (NR), contribution of nutrients from soil (Cs), fertilizers (Cf) and FYM (Cfym) were computed using the data from test crop experiment. Result: Using the basic parameters, fertilizer prescription equations for desired yield targets of maize under NPK fertilizers alone and under STCR-IPNS (with FYM) were derived based on initial soil test values. Results of the validation experiment in kharif 2021 revealed that the grain yield was significantly higher under STCR-IPNS equation with a target yield of 100 q ha-1 as compared to other treatments. STCR-IPNS equation with the application of FYM to achieve 100 q ha-1 target yield resulted in savings of 11, 10 and 15 percent of N, P2O5 and K2O as compared to STCR-NPK alone equation.
Bahasa Gender dalam Novel Perempuan di Titik Nol Karya Nawal El-Saadawi
Authors: Aulia Siva Atali , Yunita Suryani  , Salimulloh Tegar Sanubarianto  
Published: July 2024

Novel Perempuan Di Titik Nol karya Nawal El Saadawi ini banyak mengulas tentang bahasa gender yang dikaitkan dengan teori Robin Lakoff mengenai bahasa dan gender. Pembahasan terkait bahasa dan gender menarik untuk diteliti kerena masih banyaknya budaya patriaki maupun ketidakadilan gender yang terdapat di daerah-daerah tertentu seperti halnya dalam novel Perempuan Di titik Nol ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui apa saja bahasa gender yang terdapat dalam novel tersebut sebagai pengetahuan untuk pembaca dan juga pembelajaran dimasa mendatang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik yang digunakan adalah dokumentatif dan teknik analisis tematik. Dari beberapa bahasa gender yang terdapat dalam novel kata “pelacur” sangat sering digunakan karena isi dari novel tersebut mengenai ketidakadilan gender yang dialami oleh perempuan atau tokoh utama yaitu Firdaus.
Myocardial Injury in Patients with Hip Fracture
Authors: Borges Flavia K. , Guerra-Farfan Ernesto , Bhandari Mohit , Patel Ameen , Slobogean Gerard , Feibel Robert J. , Sancheti Parag K. , Tiboni Maria E. , Balaguer-Castro Mariano , Tandon Vikas , Tomas-Hernandez Jordi , Sigamani Alben , Sigamani Alen , Szczeklik Wojciech , McMahon Stephen J. , Ślęczka Pawel , Ramokgopa Mmampapatla T. , Adinaryanan S. , Umer Masood , Jenkinson Richard J. , Lawendy Abdel , Popova Ekaterine , Nur Aamer Nabi , Wang Chew Yin , Vizcaychipi Marcela , Biccard Bruce M. , Ofori Sandra , Spence Jessica , Duceppe Emmanuelle , Marcucci Maura , Harvey Valerie , Balasubramanian Kumar , Vincent Jessica , Tonelli Ana Claudia , Devereaux P.J. ,   the HIP ATTACK Investigators
Published: July 2024

Background:
Myocardial injury after a hip fracture is common and has a poor prognosis. Patients with a hip fracture and myocardial injury may benefit from accelerated surgery to remove the physiological stress associated with the hip fracture. This study aimed to determine if accelerated surgery is superior to standard care in terms of the 90-day risk of death in patients with a hip fracture who presented with an elevated cardiac biomarker/enzyme measurement at hospital arrival.

Methods:
The HIP fracture Accelerated surgical TreaTment And Care tracK (HIP ATTACK) trial was a randomized controlled trial designed to determine whether accelerated surgery for hip fracture was superior to standard care in reducing death or major complications. This substudy is a post-hoc analysis of 1392 patients (from the original study of 2970 patients) who had a cardiac biomarker/enzyme measurement (>99.9% had a troponin measurement and thus “troponin” is the term used throughout the paper) at hospital arrival. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. The secondary composite outcome included all-cause mortality and non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, and congestive heart failure 90 days after randomization.

Results:
Three hundred and twenty-two (23%) of the 1392 patients had troponin elevation at hospital arrival. Among the patients with troponin elevation, the median time from hip fracture diagnosis to surgery was 6 hours (interquartile range [IQR] = 5 to 13) in the accelerated surgery group and 29 hours (IQR = 19 to 52) in the standard care group. Patients with troponin elevation had a lower risk of mortality with accelerated surgery compared with standard care (17 [10%] of 163 versus 36 [23%] of 159; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.43 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.24 to 0.77]) and a lower risk of the secondary composite outcome (23 [14%] of 163 versus 47 [30%] of 159; HR = 0.43 [95% CI = 0.26 to 0.72]).

Conclusions:
One in 5 patients with a hip fracture presented with myocardial injury. Accelerated surgery resulted in a lower mortality risk than standard care for these patients; however, these findings need to be confirmed.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Sex Diversity and Equity Among Fellows of the American Orthopaedic Association
Authors: Silvestre Jason , Moore Maya , LaPorte Dawn M. , Sabesan Vani J. , Van Heest Ann 
Published: July 2024

Background:
We hypothesized that women are underrepresented among fellows of the American Orthopaedic Association (AOA) relative to their prevalence among faculty at departments of orthopaedic surgery.

Methods:
Clinical faculty at departments of orthopaedic surgery that are affiliated with residency training programs were analyzed for AOA membership. Participation-to-prevalence ratios (PPRs) were calculated for men and women with AOA membership relative to their prevalence among orthopaedic surgeon faculty. A PPR of <0.8 or >1.2 indicated under- or overrepresentation, respectively. PPR values between 0.8 and 1.2 indicated equivalent representation. Sex disparities in AOA membership were explored by academic rank and orthopaedic subspecialty.

Results:
There were 4,310 orthopaedic surgery faculty, and 998 (23.2%) had AOA membership. Overall, women formed the minority of members in the AOA study cohort (11.4%), but they had equivalent representation relative to their prevalence among faculty (10.0%, PPR = 1.14, p = 0.210). In the AOA study cohort, women were the minority at each academic rank, including assistant professor (20.2% versus 79.8%, p < 0.001), associate professor (16.8% versus 83.2%, p < 0.001), and full professor (7.0% versus 93.0%, p < 0.001). However, women had greater representation in the AOA study cohort at each academic rank than would be expected based on their prevalence among faculty, including the assistant (PPR = 1.45), associate (PPR = 1.56), and full (PPR = 1.27) professor levels. Similarly, in the AOA study cohort, women were the minority in each orthopaedic subspecialty, but were only underrepresented in pediatric orthopaedics (PPR = 0.74). Women had greater representation in the AOA study cohort than would be expected by their prevalence among faculty in hand surgery (PPR = 1.51) and orthopaedic sports medicine (PPR = 1.33). In contrast, men had equivalent representation in each orthopaedic subspecialty.

Conclusions:
Women form a minority group in the AOA, but they exhibit greater representation in the AOA than would be expected based on their prevalence among faculty at each academic rank, and they have greater representation than men, who exhibit equivalent representation across all academic ranks. Collectively, these results disproved our hypothesis, and suggest that women are participating in the AOA at rates that are greater than their prevalence among faculty.

Clinical Relevance:
Equitable participation of women in orthopaedic surgery is necessary to promote diversity and inclusion in the specialty. The AOA may be an important catalyst for future positive diversity and inclusion efforts within orthopaedic surgery.
Functional CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening of the genetic determinants of human fibroblast migration propensity
Authors: Mazzei Antonio , Martewicz Sebastian , Amiri Ramin , Cui Meihua , Elvassore Nicola , Luni Camilla 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Directional cell migration plays a central role in a wide range of physiological and pathological conditions, such as embryonic development or tumor metastasis. Steps involved in cell migration include cell polarization, formation of membrane protrusions at the cell front side and adhesion disassembly at the rear side, and a general cytoskeletal rearrangement. Overall it is a complex phenomenon at the interface between mechanical forces and biochemical signaling, with cell-specific and context-specific molecular events acting in the process. Here, we focus on human fibroblast migration induced by a biochemical gradient with an approach that connects the identification of molecular players with the actual mechanical function. We show how to screen for genes and miRNAs involved in migration by the direct integration of a high-throughput gene editing method, the CRISPR-Cas9 knockout pool screening, and a well-established functional assay, the transwell migration assay. Moreover, the screening has been performed after an expansion step aiming at the removal of all the essential genes and miRNAs, so to identify targets related to the cell migratory ability without affecting other major cellular functions. The results confirm known genes involved in migration, but also highlight new candidates. This work establishes a methodological advancement in the use of CRISPR technology for functional screening, and represents a resource for candidate genes and miRNAs playing a role in human fibroblast directional migration under biochemical gradient.
Does the 15-minute city promote sustainable travel? Quantifying the 15-minute city and assessing its impact on individual motorized travel, active travel, public transit ridership and CO2 emissions
Authors: Colaço Rui , Silva João de Abreu e 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Promoting density and implementing mixed land use have long been acknowledged as potentially effective land use based solutions to transportation problems. However, the policy has leaned toward mobility-based solutions, favouring rapid travel instead of high proximity. This tendency seems now to be reversing with the increasing popularity of the 15-minute city. This paper assesses the effectiveness of the 15-minute city in promoting sustainable travel in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. Our research shows that the 15-minute city increases non-motorized travel among its residents by facilitating engagement with amenities such as supermarkets or green urban areas. Nevertheless, central and dense areas that are not necessarily 15-minute cities also contribute towards more sustainable travel, being more effective at reducing car travel due to increased public transit use. The 15-minute city impact on CO2 emissions per household is higher than that of central and dense areas since non-motorized travel is presented as a direct alternative to car and transit, while central and dense areas also rely on transit as an alternative to car. Hence, policies combining proximity and density may eventually maximize the benefits of implementing land use based solutions by increasing non-motorized travel and the use of transit and reducing car travel and CO2 emissions.