bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building versus Structure Elements: Ionic Charge Carriers in Solids
Authors: Maier Joachim 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The contribution deals with the thermodynamics of charge carriers in crystals, in particular with the distinction between building and structure elements. In this context the use of the basic mechanistic processes (addition, elimination, substitution) usually applied for describing reactions with organic molecules proves helpful. It is shown that as far as thermodynamics is concerned, the use of building elements is to be preferred. The only advantage of structure elements is that they automatically include site exhaustibility effects, which have to be included by using Fermi-Dirac statistics in the case of building elements. A rigorous proof is given for the applicability of the structure element approach for the interaction free case. If interactions have to be considered and multinary crystals are addressed, the structure element approach becomes artificial. In the case of kinetic considerations structure elements naturally appear in the rate equation. If the rates approach zero the description has to match the building element description. How interactions behave as a function of the deviation from equilibrium is a matter of specific considerations.
Determination of Mass Transfer Parameters in Solvent-Based Oil Recovery Processes
Authors: Etminan S. Reza 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Having reliable estimate of gaseous-solvents molecular diffusion coefficients in heavy oil and bitumen is a requisite for analysis and design of gas injection and solvent-based recovery techniques. Nevertheless, diffusion coefficient is not measured accurately unless all the other contributing mass transfer parameters are considered, included in the modeling, and estimated correctly. These parameters are gas solubility and the interface resistance, of which the latter is represented by mass transfer coefficient. In this work, an analytical model is introduced in conjunction with an inverse technique to obtain these three abovementioned parameters using pressure decay technique. One of the objectives of this work is characterization of interface resistance both numerically and physically. In this work, we will evaluate one of the possible reasons for the presence of resistance at the gas-oil interface.
The association between orthodontic treatment with removal of premolars and the angulation of developing mandibular third molars over time
Authors: Russell Bradly , Skvara Mark , Draper Eric , Proffit William R. , Philips Ceib , White Raymond P. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To assess changes in mandibular third molar angulation during orthodontic treatment in subjects having either first or second premolars or neither removed.

Materials and Methods:
In a retrospective study approved by the institutional review board, right and left mandibular third molar angulations were compared to the vertical axis of adjacent second molars before and at the end of orthodontic treatment. The sample included 25 subjects with first premolars removed, 25 subjects with second premolars removed, and 24 subjects with no premolars removed. A decrease in angulation over time of at least 5°, so that the third molar became more vertical, was considered clinically favorable. Data were assessed by a linear mixed effect model and a proportional odds model with significance set at P &lt; .05.

Results:
Prior to treatment, the average mandibular third molar angulation did not differ significantly among the three study groups (P  =  .97). The average change during treatment was not significantly affected by group (P  =  .59), but a higher proportion of mandibular third molars were more vertical by at least 5° in the second premolar extraction group compared to the other two groups at the completion of treatment.

Conclusion:
Although creating space for third molars to erupt and function has intuitive appeal, clinicians should not assume that third molars will move upright to a vertical position even if premolar removal is performed as part of an orthodontic treatment plan.
Multifocal osteoma of external auditory canal in a child. A case report
Authors: Zielinski Rafal , Zakrzewska Anna 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Osteomas of external auditory canal are most often unilateral, solitary, pedunculated hard tumors located on the anterior and superior wall of the structure in its distal part. They have to be distinguished from exostoses of external auditory meatus. Osteomas of external auditory canal are very rare and apart from isolated cases are not described in children population. The case presented in the paper shows the possibility of a presence of unilateral multifocal osteoma of an external auditory canal in a child, which is not described in the literature concerning the topic.
Unrecognized anterior urethral valves as a cause of renal failure
Authors: Kojovic Vladimir , Djordjevic Miroslav , Bizic Marta , Majstorovic Marko 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Congenital obstruction of the male urethra is usually caused by posterior urethral valves. Anterior urethral valves (AUV) represent a rare anomaly with a wide spectrum of presentation varying from mild voiding difficulties to end-stage renal disease. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment is essential to prevent renal impairment. We report the case of a 13 month-old boy who presented with deterioration of kidney function caused by unrecognized AUV disorder. Temporary cutaneous vesicostomy was necessary to protect the upper urinary tract from further damage and to stabilize renal function. Even though a voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) demonstrated obstruction of distal urethra, AUV were initially overlooked but finally diagnosed on additional VCUG followed by urethroscopy.
Direct and airborne contact dermatitis in a beekeeper from the Małopolska region
Authors: Basista Katarzyna 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe paper describes an atypical case of simultaneous airborne and direct contact dermatitis in a beekeeper from the Małopolska region. This is the third such case described in a beekeeper in the world and the first in Poland. I suggest that propolis should be regarded as both a direct and airborne contact allergen in beekeepers.
Introduction : L’essor de la psychologie de l’adolescence
Authors: Bariaud Françoise 
Published: October 2012

Résumé Cet article introductif brosse l’apport du champ de la psychologie de l’adolescence dans ses quatre décennies d’histoire, montrant combien son rapide essor est significatif. L’adolescence s’avère doublement intéressante à étudier : pour elle-même, en tant que phase unique de l’ontogenèse, et plus généralement pour ce qu’elle permet de comprendre des processus complexes du développement humain théorisés dans les modèles contemporains des systèmes développementaux. À ces objectifs de connaissance fondamentale s’associe une préoccupation constante d’application : fonder sur la science des interventions visant à aider les adolescents en difficulté, et, plus encore, à optimiser le développement de tous. Dans leur immense majorité, les études en psychologie de l’adolescence ont pour objet des conduites complexes en situations naturelles, et celles-ci sont généralement saisies à partir d’auto-déclarations, en réponse à des questionnements. Les observations directes de conduites effectives sont rares, compliquées à réaliser. L’utilisation excessive des questionnaires est une limitation des études. Mais on se rassure en se disant que c’est l’expérience subjective, l’interprétation personnelle des situations qui provoque les comportements, et l’on tire grand profit des capacités cognitives qu’ont les adolescents d’analyser leurs expériences sociales et leur vie intérieure.
QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH THALASSEMIA MAJOR AND INTERMEDIA IN KERMAN-IRAN (I.R.)
Authors: Safizadeh Hossein , Farahmandinia Zahra , Soltani nejad Simin , Pourdamghan Nasim , Araste Majid 
Published: October 2012

Thalassemia is the most common hemoglobin disorder in the world and thalassemia major and intermedia stand among the most severe forms. Due to recent improvements in treatment, patients with thalassemia have longer life expectancies; hence it is of utmost importance to pay careful attention to their quality of life together with life expectancy. This study was conducted to assess the quality of life in patients with thalassemia and also to compare it between thalassemia major and intermedia. In this cross-sectional study, patients who referred for blood transfusion or follow-up visits were evaluated for their quality of life (QOL). Short Form-36 questionnaire was applied to evaluate QOL. In this study, 308 patients with a mean age of 22.95±4.82 years were evaluated. The scores of QOL were regarded as moderate in eight domains under evaluation; the least score was given to General Health (53.05±16.96) whereas the highest score was given to Physical Functioning (67.95±22.68). The QOL in the patients with thalassemia major was better than those with thalassemia intermedia regarding Physical Functioning and Role Limitation Emotional domains. Compared to injecting chelators, patients who received oral chelators showed to have a better QOL considering Social Functioning and Mental Health domain. The patients under study didn’t have a satisfying QOL ; the QOL of patients with thalassemia major was better than that of patients with thalassemia intermedia in only 2 domains of sf-36(Physical Functioning & Role limitation-Emotional). It is then essential that experts pay proper attention to improve QOL among patients.
ROLE OF HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Carella Angelo Michele 
Published: October 2012

Hodgkin lymphoma is one of the most curable human tumors. Despite this, about 30% of these patients relapsed or are primary refractory to the first line treatment. Autografting is generally considered the standard of care for these patients. Alternative salvage strategies have been evaluated such as high dose sequential and tandem autografting strategies. In younger patients, refractory or early relapsed after autografting, allogeneic stem cell transplantation has been employed but this approach has been followed by significant concerns since the treatment related mortality often exceeded 40-50%, and relapses were not uncommon. It is clear that patient selection remains an issue in all allografting reports.At the end, new drugs and novel treatment strategies, that are based on our understanding of the disease biology and signaling pathways, are needed to improve treatment outcome for these patients. The two leading compounds Brentuximab Vedotin and Panobinostat, are currently under evaluation in several clinical trials.
CHEMOTHERAPY-INDUCED NEUTROPENIA IN HIV POSITIVE PATIENTS WITH LYMPHOMA: COMPARISON OF PEGFILGRASTIM WITH DAILY FILGRASTIM ADMINISTRATION.
Authors: Teofili Luciana , Izzi Immacolata , Nuzzolo Eugenia Rosa , Scoppettuolo Giancarlo , De Gaetano Donati Katleen , Torti Lorenza , Rossi Marianna 
Published: October 2012

We retrospectively compared the incidence of neutropenia in two groups of HIV patients with lymphoma, who underwent chemotherapy supported by once-per-cycle administration of pegfilgrastim or by daily subcutaneous injection of filgrastim, respectively. Our findings indicate that pegfilgrastim and filgastrim produce similar results in preventing both neutropenia and febrile neutropenia.
A Jacobian-Free Newton Krylov Implicit-Explicit Time Integration Method for Incompressible Flow Problems
Authors: Kadioglu Samet Y. , Knoll Dana A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe have introduced a fully second order IMplicit/EXplicit (IMEX) time in-tegration technique for solving the compressible Euler equations plus nonlinear heat conduction problems (also known as the radiation hydrodynamics problems) in Kadioglu et al., J. Comp. Physics [22,24]. In this paper, we study the implications when this method is applied to the incompressible Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations. The IMEX method is applied to the incompressible flow equations in the following manner. The hyperbolic terms of the flow equations are solved explicitly exploiting the well understood explicit schemes. On the other hand, an implicit strategy is employed for the non-hyperbolic terms. The explicit part is embedded in the implicit step in such a way that it is solved as part of the non-linear function evaluation within the framework of the Jacobian-Free Newton Krylov (JFNK) method [8,29,31]. This is done to obtain a self-consistent implementation of the IMEX method that eliminates the potential order reduction in time accuracy due to the specific operator separation. We employ a simple yet quite effective fractional step projection methodology (similar to those in [11,19,21,30]) as our preconditioner inside the JFNK solver. We present results from several test calculations. For each test, we show second order time convergence. Finally, we present a study for the algorithm performance of the JFNK solver with the new projection method based preconditioner.
Efficient Grid Treatment of the Time Dependent Schrödinger Equation for Laser-Driven Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Li Fang , Hao Xiangying , Li Xiaogang 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe present an efficient method to solve the time dependent Schrodinger equation for modeling the dynamics of diatomic molecules irradiated by intense ultrashort laser pulse without Born-Oppenheimer approximation. By introducing a variable prolate spheroidal coordinates and discrete variable representations of the Hamiltonian, we can accurately and efficiently simulate the motion of both electronic and molecular dynamics. The accuracy and convergence of this method are tested by simulating the molecular structure, photon ionization and high harmonic generation of H+2
Morphological Similarities between Single-Walled Nanotubes and Tubelike Structures of Polymers with Strong Adsorption Affinity to Nanowires
Authors: Vogel Thomas , Mutat Tali , Adler Joan , Bachmann Michael 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIn their tubelike phase, nanowire-adsorbed polymers exhibit strong structural similarities to morphologies known from single-walled carbon (hexagonal) and boron (triangular) nanotubes. Since boron/boron nitride tubes require some disorder for stability the triangular polymer tubes provide a closer analog to the carbon tubes. By means of computer simulations of both two and three dimensional versions of a coarse-grained bead-spring model for the polymers, we investigate their structural properties and make a detailed comparison with structures of carbon nanotubes.
A Variational Binary Level Set Method for Structural Topology Optimization
Authors: Dai Xiaoxia , Tang Peipei , Cheng Xiaoliang , Wu Minghui 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis paper proposes a variational binary level set method for shape and topology optimization of structural. First, a topology optimization problem is pre-sented based on the level set method and an algorithm based on binary level set method is proposed to solve such problem. Considering the difficulties of coordination between the various parameters and efficient implementation of the proposed method, we present a fast algorithm by reducing several parameters to only one parameter, which would substantially reduce the complexity of computation and make it easily and quickly to get the optimal solution. The algorithm we constructed does not need to re-initialize and can produce many new holes automatically. Furthermore, the fast algorithm allows us to avoid the update of Lagrange multiplier and easily deal with constraints, such as piecewise constant, volume and length of the interfaces. Finally, we show several optimum design examples to confirm the validity and efficiency of our method.
Gas Kinetic Scheme for Anisotropic Savage-Hutter Model
Authors: Chen Wen-Chi , Kuo Chih-Yu , Shyue Keh-Ming , Tai Yih-Chin 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe gas-kinetic scheme is applied to a depth-integrated continuum model for avalanche flows, namely the Savage-Hutter model. In this method, the continuum fluxes are calculated based on the pseudo particle motions which are relaxed from nonequilibrium to equilibrium states. The processes are described by the Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK) equation. The benefit of this scheme is its capability to resolve shock discontinuities sharply and to handle the vacuum state without special treatments. Because the Savage-Hutter equation bears an anisotropic stress on the tangential space of the topography, the equilibrium distribution function of the microscopic particles are shown to be bi-Maxwellian. These anisotropic stresses are the key to preserve the coordinate objectivity in the Savage-Hutter model. The effect of the anisotropic stress is illustrated by two examples: an axisymmetric dam break and a finite mass sliding on an inclined plane chute. It is found that the propagation of the flow fronts significantly depends on the orientation of the principal axes of the tangential stresses.
Optimal Error Estimates of Compact Finite Difference Discretizations for the Schrödinger-Poisson System
Authors: Zhang Yong 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe study compact finite difference methods for the Schrodinger-Poisson equation in a bounded domain and establish their optimal error estimates under proper regularity assumptions on wave function and external potential V(x). The Crank-Nicolson compact finite difference method and the semi-implicit compact finite difference method are both of order Ҩ(h4 + τ2) in discrete l2,H1 and l∞ norms with mesh size h and time step t. For the errors ofcompact finite difference approximation to the second derivative andPoisson potential are nonlocal, thus besides the standard energy method and mathematical induction method, the key technique in analysisis to estimate the nonlocal approximation errors in discrete l∞ and H1 norm by discrete maximum principle of elliptic equation and properties of some related matrix. Also some useful inequalities are established in this paper. Finally, extensive numerical re-sults are reported to support our error estimates of the numerical methods.
Retrieving Topological Information of Implicitly Represented Diffuse Interfaces with Adaptive Finite Element Discretization
Authors: Zhang Jian , Du Qiang 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe consider the finite element based computation of topological quantities of implicitly represented surfaces within a diffuse interface framework. Utilizing an adaptive finite element implementation with effective gradient recovery techniques, we discuss how the Euler number can be accurately computed directly from the nu-merically solved phase field functions or order parameters. Numerical examples and applications to the topological analysis of point clouds are also presented.
An Optimized Correction Procedure via Reconstruction Formulation for Broadband Wave Computation
Authors: Li Yi , Wang Z.J. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractRecently, a new differential discontinuous formulation for conservation laws named the Correction Procedure via Reconstruction (CPR) is developed, which is in-spired by several other discontinuous methods such as the discontinuous Galerkin (DG), the spectral volume (SV)/spectral difference (SD) methods. All of them can be unified under the CPR formulation, which is relatively simple to implement due to its finite-difference-like framework. In this paper, a different discontinuous solution space including both polynomial and Fourier basis functions on each element is employed to compute broad-band waves. Free-parameters introduced in the Fourier bases are optimized to minimize both dispersion and dissipation errors through a wave propagation analysis. The optimization procedure is verified with a mesh resolution analysis. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the optimized CPR formulation.
Extended Thermodynamic Approach for Non-Equilibrium Gas Flow
Authors: Tang G. H. , Zhai G. X. , Tao W. Q. , Gu X. J. , Emerson D. R. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractGases in microfluidic structures or devices are often in a non-equilibrium state. The conventional thermodynamic models for fluids and heat transfer break down and the Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations are no longer accurate or valid. In this paper, the extended thermodynamic approach is employed to study the rarefied gas flow in microstructures, including the heat transfer between a parallel channel andpressure-driven Poiseuille flows through a parallel microchannel andcircular microtube. The gas flow characteristics are studied and it is shown that the heat transfer in the non-equilibrium state no longer obeys the Fourier gradient transport law. In addition, the bimodal distribution of streamwise and spanwise velocity and temperature through a long circular microtube is captured for the first time.
One Law, Two Competitions: An Enquiry into the Contradictions of Free Movement Law
Authors: Saydé Alexandre 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe long-established contradictions of free movement law are caused by the implicit reference to two contradictory paradigms of economic integration. The first paradigm seeks to avoid the competition among private businesses being distorted by national regulations, therefore aiming at the creation of a ‘level playing field’ (regulatory neutrality paradigm). The second paradigm seeks to ensure the proper functioning of the process of competition among Member States, and accordingly aims at maximising the opportunities for ‘regulatory arbitrage’ (regulatory competition paradigm). In more detail, the tension between those two paradigms of economic integration results in three central nodes of internal market law: the eventuality of a positive harmonisation, the negative harmonisation conundrum, and the regulatory mobility dilemma. In sum, one (free movement) law is assigned the contradictory mission of ensuring the proper functioning of two competitive processes: the competition among private businesses (regulatory neutrality) and among Member States (regulatory competition).
Years an EU Lawyer—Apologia Pro Vita Sua Or EU Law—A 40-Year Journey and Still Motoring
Authors: Dashwood Alan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis lecture offers a justification of the choice of a career as an EU lawyer, which was made at the beginning of the 1970s. Its 40-year perspective covers a variety of themes, beginning with the political aims and values that underpin the European project. This is followed by a section on the development of the Treaty and Union structure, from the three original Communities to the Union of the Lisbon Treaty. Other themes are: the progressive enlargement of the Union’s membership, including the legal challenges facing new Member States; the expansion of Union competences, from the original objective of establishing a general common market; and, finally, the Union’s functional constitution, described as the chef d’oeuvre of the Court of Justice.
Exit Taxation as an Obstacle to Corporate Emigration from the Spectre of EU Tax Law
Authors: Panayi Christiana Hji 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIn this chapter I examine how the cross-border movement of companies may be affected by some tax rules and I consider the impact of EU law on such rules. The examination is in the context of the case law of the Court of Justice and the limited EU direct tax legislation. I assess how these affect the cross-border movement of companies as well as their investment strategies. I conclude by considering whether this is a satisfactory way of dealing with the issues. The contents of this chapter are based on materials available up to 1st March 2011.