bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Notes on Syzygium (Myrtaceae) in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Conn Barry John , Damas Kipiro D. Qiza 
Published: August 2015

Four new species of Syzygium (Myrtaceae) are described for Papua New Guinea: Syzygium cravenii, S. kuiense,
S. lababiense, and S. pterotum. Syzygium platycarpum (Diels) Merr. & L.M.Perry is described and discussed
because this species is inadequately known, with last known collection of this species from Papua New Guinea
in 1919 and from Indonesian Papua in 1926.
Methodological improvements for studying face matching in border control tasks
Authors: Yuen Camryn N. , Fitzgerald Ryan J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBorder control officers must decide whether passport images match their holders. In previous research on passport verification most participants have been more willing to report nonmatching passports than is likely to occur in practice. We designed an experimental paradigm to increase participants' motivation to avoid these types of errors in passport verification. Participants decided whether passport photographs matched ambient photographs of passport holders. Most passports matched their holders and nonmatching passports were rare. All participants received feedback on their passport verification decisions, and an experimental group also received a time‐consuming consequence if they made an error. Relative to the control condition that only received feedback, consequences were effective in reducing mistaken accusations of nonmatching passports. Consequences also increased the miss rate for nonmatching passports, but the increase in misses over the control condition was not significant. We conclude that consequences can make participants behave more like real border control officers.
Expediting Photo‐Charging of Semiconductors through a Bipolar Charge Storage Junction for Responsive Dark Photocatalysis
Authors: Yan Bingzhen , Ruan Qiushi , Wang Shiqi , Kong Lingqiao , Zhang Peigen , Wang Hui , Sun ZhengMing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhoto‐charging of semiconductors stores electrons for decoupled solar utilization, overcoming intermittent sunlight availability. However, the sluggish photo‐charging process impedes responsive charge storage. Herein, a bipolar charge storage junction is demonstrated to expedite the photo‐charging process within a renowned ionic‐CN/Co3O4 configuration, benefiting from their mismatched photo‐charging kinetics. Rapid photo‐hole storage associated with structural evolution at geometrically dependent Co sites in Co3O4 improves sluggish electron storage for ionic‐CN, while slow recovery of altered [CoO4] and [CoO6] structures delayed electron‐hole recombination. By passivating individual atomic sites, rapid hole storage is attributed to synergistic contributions of tetrahedral Co2⁺ and octahedral Co3⁺ species. The bipolar charge storage junction is photo‐charged at 0.86 A g−1, rivaling the electrical charging rate in ion batteries. With 60 s photo‐charging, the junction yields 0.27 mmol g−1 of “dark” hydrogen, the benchmark for such a short photo‐charging timeframe. This proof‐of‐concept design empowers the fast photo‐charging ability of bipolar charge storage junctions, advancing responsive photo‐charge storage for decoupled solar utilization.
In Situ Morphology Control for Solution‐Printable Organic Photovoltaics
Authors: Bi Zhaozhao , Liu Chang , Ma Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe morphology of the photoactive layer plays an important role in both the photoelectric effect and device performance of solution‐processed organic solar cells (OSCs). Optimizing the morphology requires precise control over the complex film formation kinetics, which are influenced by a range of factors from the solution state to the solid‐film state. This review delves into the in situ characterization technologies employed to understand the active layer formation process and explores strategies for controlling film formation during key stages, including solution aggregation, nucleation, crystal growth, and phase separation. Special attention is given to the mechanism by which these strategies enable real‐time morphology control during the printing process and their potential to facilitate direct printing of active layers with optimized morphology. The goal is to offer valuable insights and guidance for managing film formation kinetics in solution‐processed OSCs, ultimately addressing the challenges of real‐time morphology control in scale‐up printing and paving the way for high‐throughput production of post‐processing‐free devices.
Strongly Coupled NiMo@Alloy‐LDH Interfaces with Low‐Barrier Schottky Junctions for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Yin Chaojie , Zhou Fanghe , Wu Jiang , Zhang Xin , Wen Jili , Zhu Rui , Ma Mei , Yoriya Sorachon , He Ping , Fang Qi , Wang Jiachao , An Guangyang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe main challenge in developing Schottky‐contact OER catalytic devices based on layered double hydroxides (LDHs) is to achieve metal–semiconductor junctions with low contact resistance and high charge transfer capacity. However, due to the presence of high potential barriers and Fermi pinning, conventional Schottky contacts are usually unsatisfactory, resulting in poor‐working electrode performance and high energy consumption. In this study, a new concept of “hindrance factor” is introduced to quantify the difficulty of electron transfer, and a low‐hindrance factor Schottky contact formed by strong coupling of semiconductor LDH and NiMo alloy clusters is designed. This interface guides charge redistribution, optimizes the bonding and orbital states of adsorption sites, and enhances the targeted adsorption of OH intermediates. The results show that the configured NiMo@NiFeCe‐LDH working electrode only needs 1.445 V (vs RHE) to drive the reaction and shows excellent durability in 400 h of testing. At the same time, based on this study, a strategy for screening high‐performance Schottky junctions is developed. This strategy provides a bridge for studying interface properties, orbital hybridization, and charge transfer, reveals the potential mechanism for reducing contact resistance, and has important guiding significance for screening high‐performance metal–semiconductor electrocatalysts and stability.
A Perspective of Tailoring Dielectric Genes for 2D Materials Toward Advanced Electromagnetic Functions
Authors: Cao Wen‐Qiang , Zhang Min , Cao Mao‐Sheng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract2D materials and their composites with electromagnetic properties are becoming increasingly popular. Obtaining insight into the nature of electromagnetic (EM) response manipulation is imperative to guide scientific research and technological exploitation at such a critical time. From this perspective, the dielectric genes of 2D material hybrids have been highlighted based on the recent literature. This endows an unlimited possibility of manipulating the EM response, even at elevated temperatures. The definitions and criteria of dielectric genes toward 2D material hybrids and composites are systematically clarified and summarized. The dielectric gene categories are successfully discriminated, including the conduction networks, intrinsic defects, impurity defects, and interfaces in the composite, and their temperature evolution is revealed in detail. More importantly, tuning strategies for microwave absorption, electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, and expanded electromagnetic functions are thoroughly discussed. Finally, significant predictions are provided for multispectral electromagnetic functions, and future applications of multifunctional exploration are anticipated. Dielectric genes will open an unexpected horizon for advanced functional materials in the coming 5G/6G age, providing a significant boost to promoting environmental electromagnetic protection, electromagnetic devices, and next‐generation smart devices.
Enthesitis on Chip – A Model for Studying Acute and Chronic Inflammation of the Enthesis and its Pharmacological Treatment
Authors: Giacomini Francesca , Rho Hoon Suk , Eischen‐Loges Maria , Tahmasebi Birgani Zeinab , van Blitterswijk Clemens , van Griensven Martijn , Giselbrecht Stefan , Habibović Pamela , Truckenmüller Roman 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEnthesitis, the inflammation of the enthesis, which is the point of attachment of tendons and ligaments to bones, is a common musculoskeletal disease. The inflammation often originates from the fibrocartilage region of the enthesis as a consequence of mechanical overuse or ‐load and consequently tissue damage. During enthesitis, waves of inflammatory cytokines propagate in(to) the fibrocartilage, resulting in detrimental, heterotopic bone formation. Understanding of human enthesitis and its treatment options is limited, also because of lacking in vitro model systems that can closely mimic the pathophysiology of the enthesis and can be used to develop therapies. In this study, an enthes(it)is‐on‐chip model is developed. On opposite sides of a porous culture membrane separating the chip's two microfluidic compartments, human mesenchymal stromal cells are selectively differentiated into tenocytes and fibrochondrocytes. By introducing an inflammatory cytokine cocktail into the fibrochondrocyte compartment, key aspects of acute and chronic enthesitis, measured as increased expression of inflammatory markers, can be recapitulated. Upon inducing chronic inflammatory conditions, hydroxyapatite deposition, enhanced osteogenic marker expression and reduced secretion of tissue‐related extracellular matrix components are observed. Adding the anti‐inflammatory drug celecoxib to the fibrochondrocyte compartment mitigates the inflammatory state, demonstrating the potential of the enthesitis‐on‐chip model for drug testing.
High‐Performance Sheet‐Type Sulfide All‐Solid‐State Batteries Enabled by Dual‐Function Li4.4Si Alloy‐Modified Nano Silicon Anodes
Authors: Jing Shenghao , Lu Yang , Huang Yuting , Liu Hanzhou , Shen YuXing , Kuang Wuqi , Shen Huaqing , Liu Siliang , Zhang Zongliang , Liu Fangyang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe silicon‐based anodes are one of the promising anodes to achieve the high energy density of all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs). Nano silicon (nSi) is considered as a suitable anode material for assembling sheet‐type sulfide ASSBs using thin free‐standing Li6PS5Cl (LPSC) membrane without causing short circuit. However, nSi anodes face a significant challenge in terms of rapid capacity degradation during cycling. To address this issue, dual‐function Li4.4Si modified nSi anode sheets are developed, in which Li4.4Si serves a dual role by not only providing additional Li+ but also stabilizing the anode structure with its low Young's modulus upon cycling. Sheet‐type ASSBs equipped with the Li4.4Si modified nSi anode, thin LPSC membrane, and LiNi0.83Co0.11Mn0.06O2 (NCM811) cathode demonstrate exceptional cycle stability, with a capacity retention of 96.16% at 0.5 C (1.18 mA cm−2) after 100 cycles and maintain stability for 400 cycles. Furthermore, a remarkable cell‐level energy density of 303.9 Wh kg−1 is achieved at a high loading of 5.22 mAh cm−2, representing a leading level of sulfide ASSBs using electrolyte membranes at room temperature. Consequently, the chemically stable slurry process implemented in the fabrication of Li4.4Si‐modified nSi anode sheet paves the way for scalable applications of high‐performance sulfide ASSBs.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Direct Z‐Scheme K4Nb6O17/Carbon‐Rich Melon Heterostructures
Authors: Avcıoğlu Celal , Gurlo Aleksander , Bekheet Maged F. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMelon (also known as graphitic carbon nitride, g‐C3N4) holds promise for photocatalysis, but challenges such as severe charge recombination, low oxidation potential, and sluggish exciton dissociation hinder its performance. Herein, a series of carbon‐rich, melon‐based photocatalysts are synthesized via one‐pot, temperature‐induced condensation of urea with the addition of a trace amount of citric acid. The addition of citric acid enhances crystallinity, extends melon chains, increases the C/N ratio, and improves π–π layer stacking of heptazine units, thereby enhancing charge transport properties and visible‐light harvesting capacity. These carbon nitride samples are then coupled with molten salt synthesized K4Nb6O17 crystals by a straightforward self‐assembly method to construct 2D/2D heterostructure photocatalysts. Z‐scheme electron transfer from K4Nb6O17 to the melon samples is established based on their work functions and band edge positions. This efficient charge transfer in the Z‐scheme heterostructure facilitates the spatial separation of charge carriers, resulting in a nearly fivefold enhancement in photocatalytic performance compared to the individual constituents.
The SINA1‐BSD1 Module Regulates Vegetative Growth Involving Gibberellin Biosynthesis in Tomato
Authors: Yuan Yulin , Fan Youhong , Huang Li , Lu Han , Tan Bowen , Ramirez Chloe , Xia Chao , Niu Xiangli , Chen Sixue , Gao Mingjun , Zhang Cankui , Liu Yongsheng , Xiao Fangming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn plants, vegetative growth is controlled by synergistic and/or antagonistic effects of many regulatory factors. Here, the authors demonstrate that the ubiquitin ligase seven in absentia1 (SINA1) mammalian BTF2‐like transcription factors, Drosophila synapse‐associated proteins, and yeast DOS2‐like proteins (BSD1) function as a regulatory module to control vegetative growth in tomato via regulation of the production of plant growth hormone gibberellin (GA). SINA1 negatively regulates the protein level of BSD1 through ubiquitin‐proteasome‐mediated degradation, and the transgenic tomato over‐expressing SINA1 (SINA1‐OX) resembles the dwarfism phenotype of the BSD1‐knockout (BSD1‐KO) tomato plant. BSD1 directly activates expression of the BSD1‐regulated gene 1 (BRG1) via binding to a novel core BBS (standing for BSD1 binding site) binding motif in the BRG1 promoter. Knockout of BRG1 (BRG1‐KO) in tomato also results in a dwarfism phenotype, suggesting BRG1 plays a positive role in vegetative growth as BSD1 does. Significantly, GA contents are attenuated in transgenic SINA1‐OX, BSD1‐KO, and BRG1‐KO plants exhibiting dwarfism phenotype and exogenous application of bioactive GA3 restores their vegetative growth. Moreover, BRG1 is required for the expression of multiple GA biosynthesis genes and BSD1 activates three GA biosynthesis genes promoting GA production. Thus, this study suggests that the SINA1‐BSD1 module controls vegetative growth via direct and indirect regulation of GA biosynthesis in tomato.
Physically hybrid Zr(OH)4 + CuO catalyzed selective aniline oxidation: A new Ph‐N˙OH mediated mechanism
Authors: Qin Jiaheng , Liu Chong , Zhao Feng , Fan Tongtong , Ma Zheng‐Lan , Ma Jiantai , Long Yu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDeveloping the sustainable and cost‐effective heterogeneous catalytic system for controlling chemoselectivity holds substantial importance in fine organic chemicals. Herein we construct a unique Zr(OH)4 + CuO physically hybrid system for selective oxidation of anilines. Zr(OH)4 alone leads to azoxybenzene formation, and Zr(OH)4 + CuO shifts the reaction favorably toward nitrosobenzene. The proximity study indicates Zr(OH)4 + CuO outperforms its counterparts synthesized through methods like ball‐milling, loading, and coprecipitation, because the closer proximity exhibits stronger chemical interaction, restricting the activity of Zr‐OH hydroxyl sites. Through mechanistic experiments, in situ DRIFT‐IR and DFT calculations, a new Ph‐OH intermediate mechanism is firstly proposed. Two Ph‐OH self‐condensate to form azoxybenzene for only Zr(OH)4, whereas Zr(OH)4 + CuO could promote rapid transformation of Ph‐OH to nitrosobenzene on CuO through a hydrogen transfer process. Moreover, Zr(OH)4 + CuO displays good recyclability and robust scalability. This is the first report demonstrating the utilization of a physically hybrid catalyst to adjust the selectivity of the aniline oxidation reaction.
Topological Optical Waveguiding of Exciton‐Polariton Condensates
Authors: Beierlein J. , Egorov O. A. , Gagel P. , Harder T. H. , Wolf A. , Emmerling M. , Betzold S. , Jabeen F. , Ma L. , Höfling S. , Peschel U. , Klembt S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract1D models with topological non‐trivial band structures are a simple and effective way to study novel and exciting concepts in topological photonics. In this work, the propagation of light‐matter quasi‐particles, so‐called exciton‐polaritons, is studied in waveguide arrays. Specifically, topological states are being investigated at the interface between dimer chains, characterized by a non‐zero winding number. In order to exercise precise control over the polariton propagation, non‐resonant laser excitation, as well as resonant excitation, are studied in transmission geometry. The results highlight a new platform for the study of quantum fluids of light and non‐linear optical propagation effects in coupled semiconductor waveguides.
Expanding the Horizons of Suzuki Reactions: Pd‐PEPPSI–Mediated Traditional and Decarbonylative Couplings With Diverse Assure Analogues
Authors: Sreeshitha Mandapalli , Hong Gang , Indira Meeniga , Banu Shaik Farheen , Vasu Govardhana Reddy Peddiahgari 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTWe have developed a highly efficient, ligand‐free Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling protocol employing our lab‐prepared air and moisture‐stable Pd‐PEPPSI catalysts. The reaction of ethyl 2‐{4‐[(6‐chloroquinoxalin‐2‐yl)oxy]phenoxy}propionate (Assure) with various boronic acids afforded both traditional and decarbonylative coupling products in high yields. The catalyst's steric influence was assessed computationally using %Vbur calculations. The decarbonylative coupling pathway proved more efficient than the traditional Suzuki–Miyaura coupling under these conditions. Additionally, regioselectivity studies have been conducted on a variety of Assure analogues. This method excels in efficiency, requiring minimal catalyst, moderate temperatures, and rapid reaction completion.
Bis(thiosemicarbazide)gallium(III) Complexes as Potent Anticancer Agents by ROS Induction and Mitochondrial Pathway Activation
Authors: Zhou Xuan , Wu Yuanyuan , Yang Yun , Du Jia‐Jia , Sang Ruoxi , Zhou Sihan , Li Xiangyu , Feng Qihong , Zhao Qihua , Xu Jingyuan , Xie Mingjin 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTA series of bis(thiosemicarbazide)gallium (III) complexes were synthesized and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, single‐crystal x‐ray crystallography, and density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The cytotoxicity of these gallium(III) complexes (CP 1–4) was subsequently evaluated against HCT‐116, HeLa, MDA‐MB‐231, and A549 cancer cell lines, as well as the normal cell line LO2, by MTT assays. The results indicated that CP‐1 displayed potent inhibitory effects against human colorectal cancer cells (HCT‐116) (IC50 = 0.03 ± 0.01) and human breast cancer cells (MDA‐MB‐231) (IC50 = 0.02 ± 0.01), significantly outperforming cisplatin. Moreover, CP‐2 exhibited notable selectivity towards MDA‐MB‐231 cells (IC50 = 5.01 ± 0.40) with minimal toxicity towards normal cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that treatment with CP 1–2 led to elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, resulting in cell cycle arrest at different phases. Specifically, CP‐1 induced G2/M phase arrest, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, whereas CP‐2 hindered DNA synthesis (S phase) to impede cell proliferation. Furthermore, both CP‐1 and CP‐2 caused a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential, activating the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. Molecular docking experiments demonstrated strong interactions between CP 1–2 and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) at the molecular level. These findings suggest that CP‐1 and CP‐2 serve as potential anticancer agents, particularly showing promising potential in the treatment of breast cancer.
Royal Jelly–Mediated Silver Nanoparticles Show Promising Anticancer Effect on HeLa and A549 Cells Through Modulation of the VEGFa/PI3K/Akt/MMP‐2 Pathway
Authors: Kocharyan Meri , Marutyan Syuzan , Nadiryan Edita , Ginovyan Mikayel , Javrushyan Hayarpi , Marutyan Seda , Avtandilyan Nikolay 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIn recent years, nanotechnology has revolutionized various sectors, particularly in nanomedicine, where nanomaterials are used for diagnosis, monitoring, control, prevention, and treatment. Among these, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) stand out due to their remarkable antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties. Traditional chemical synthesis of AgNPs poses significant environmental and health risks. This study introduces a novel, eco‐friendly synthesis method using royal jelly (RJ), a nutrient‐rich secretion from honeybees, to produce AgNPs with potent anticancer effects. Our research provides a detailed investigation into RJ‐mediated AgNPs’ modulation of the VEGFa/PI3K/Akt/MMP‐2 pathway in HeLa and A549 cancer cell lines. AgNP characterization was performed by applying UV–Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in combination with selected area electron diffraction (SAED). Cell signaling system components were determined by ELISA analysis. The cells were subjected to staining with hematoxylin and eosin to visualize the treatment’s effects. This study focuses on the green synthesis of AgNPs using RJ and its bioactivity against cancer cells. It provides a detailed characterization of the nanoparticles and examines their effects on cancer cells, specifically HeLa cervical cancer and A549 lung cancer cell lines. Green synthesized AgNPs demonstrate significant cytotoxic effects against HeLa and A549 cancer cell lines. The underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to their anticancer activity were elucidated. Our findings revealed a significant decrease in arginase activity upon exposure to AgNPs, accompanied by reductions in PI3K and phosphorylated and total Akt levels, indicative of pathway inhibition. Additionally, RJAgNP demonstrated a capacity to reduce nitric oxide levels and suppress angiogenesis‐related factors like VEGF and MMP‐2 and inflammation‐related factors like TNF‐α and COX‐2, thus impeding angiogenesis and metastasis. Moreover, our results shed light on the involvement of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs) in mediating apoptotic pathways, as evidenced by the increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and the corresponding decrease in Akt levels, ultimately promoting death in cancer cells. Our study contributes significantly to the field of nanomedicine and cancer therapy by introducing the use of green synthesis AgNPs using RJ and providing in‐depth insights into their molecular mechanisms of anticancer action. Our research findings demonstrate the anticancer potential of RJ‐AgNPs by targeting the VEGFa/PI3K/Akt/MMP‐2 pathway and modulation of ROS/RNS in cancer cells.