bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Detection of Two Surface Antigens on Human Lung Macrophages Using Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Chida Kingo , Sato Atsuhiko , Akiyama Jin‐Ichiro , Fukumoto Tetsuo , Yamashita Akira , Gordon Mark R. , Myrvik Quentin N. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies (McAb), designated AMH1 (IgM, lambda) and AMH2 (IgG1, Kappa), against specific surface antigens of human lung macrophages were produced by the fusion of the NS‐1 plasmacytoma cell line with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with bronchoalveolar lavaged (BAL) cells obtained from selected smoking subjects. The screening and characterization of these McAb were carried out employing cellular radioimmunoassay, flow cytofluorography, and immunohistochemical methods. These two antibodies specifically reacted with macrophages in the alveolar spaces and BAL fluids. AMH1 did not react with peripheral blood cells including freshly separated monocytes, cultured monocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes, and platelets. In addition, AMH1 did not react with peritoneal exudate cells or pleural exudate cells. On the other hand AMH2 showed the dull‐positive reaction with some monocytes and pleural exudate cells among above‐mentioned cells. These two McAb seemed to detect cell surface antigens that are expressed by highly differentiated or mature macrophages compared to OKM1. These antibodies will allow not only better characterization of immune cells but also assessment of maturity of lung macrophages.
Preparation of Monoclonal Antibodies against a Glycolipid Asialo GM1
Authors: Shimada Shizuo , Iwata Daiji 
Published: November 2013

AbstractFive IgM monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), MW‐1, MW‐2, MW‐3, MW‐4, and MW‐5, against a glycolipid asialo GM1 were prepared from hybridoma clones obtained by the fusion of mouse NS‐1 myeloma cells with spleen cells from a mouse immunized with asialo GM1 adsorbed to naked Salmonella. All the MAbs reacted only with asialo GM1 when their reactivities were examined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and thin‐layer chromatography (TLC)‐immunostaining using structurally related glycolipids. The MAbs showed a complement‐dependent lysis of mouse natural killer (NK) cells, but the lytic activities were weaker than that of a rabbit polyclonal anti‐asialo GM1 antibody. When they were mixed, the anti‐NK activity was increased to a level almost comparable to that of the polyclonal antibody. These results suggest that all the MAbs obtained are specific for asialo GM1 and that they may be different in fine specificity for the glycolipid. Significance of the MAbs in immunological and neurochemical studies is discussed.
Effect of the Two‐Year Milk‐Feeding on the Gastrointestinal Microflora of the Cynomolgus Monkey (Macaca fascicularis)
Authors: Benno Yoshimi , Honjo Shigeo , Mitsuoka Tomotari 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe effect of the two‐year milk‐feeding on the gastrointestinal (GI) microflora of a cynomolgus monkey was determined. Bifidobacterium spp. in the animal fed with cow's milk alone were distributed in higher number in the stomach, duodenum, cecum, and rectum. The increasingly higher numbers of Lactobacillus spp. and Candida spp. were counted in all regions of the GI tract of the animal fed with the formula diet. Bacteroidaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Streptococcus spp. were detected from the upper to lower intestines in the monkey given only milk, whereas in the monkey given the formula, those bacterial species were localized in only the lower intestines.
Hemagglutination Activity and Localization of Fc Receptor of Group A and G Streptococci
Authors: Yamada Sakuo , Matsumoto Akira 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe IgG‐Fc binding activity and binding sites on the cell surface of streptococci, strains AR1 (group A) and G148 (group G), and Staphylococcus aureus strain Cowan I were examined by hemagglutination (HA) and immunoelectron microscopic methods. No distinct difference was observed in the HA activity among these three strains. However, the strains differed in the distribution of Fc receptor. Cowan I cells (having protein A) were heavily covered with two layers of ferritin particles, whereas AR1 cells were heavily covered with a single, rough layer of ferritin particles. G148 cells (having protein G) were labeled with a relatively thin, rough ferritin layer. The trypsin susceptibility of the Fc receptors of the AR1 strain was much higher than that of the G148 strain. These results suggest that both streptococcal strains are distinctly different in the arrangement or in the conformation of the Fc receptor from the Cowan I strain. It is also suggested that the Fc receptor molecules of the streptococcal strains differ from each other not only in conformation but also in trypsin susceptibility.
Expression of Human Cytomegalovirus Immediate Early Antigens Is Responsible for a Novel Chromatin Structure of Infected Human Embryonic Lung Cells
Authors: Maeda‐Takekoshi Fumiko , Takekoshi Masataka , Ihara Seiji , Watanabe Yasushi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWhereas human embryonic lung (HEL) cells displayed chromatin fibers composed of a repeat of conventional nucleosomes of 15 nm in diameter, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection induced transient appearance of a novel chromatin structure composed of a repeat of large ellipsoids of 45–65 nm x 15–30 nm with linkers of 50–60 nm long and 6–7 nm thick. Essentially the same change in chromatin structure could be induced when uninfected HEL cell nuclei were incubated in vitro with a 0.4 m NaCl nuclear extract from HCMV‐infected HEL cells expressing immediate early antigens (IEA's) or with a similar nuclear extract from NIH/3T3 cells constitutively expressing HCMV IEA's. The latter cell line was established by transformation of the mouse cells with a plasmid carrying the HCMV major immediate early and immediate early 2 genes. These results together with those of control experiments suggest that the expression of IEA's is directly or indirectly responsible for the appearance of the novel chromatin structure in HCMV‐infected HEL cells.
Characterization of a Monoclonal Antibody to Guinea Pig T Cells That Inhibits Rosette Formation of the Cells with Rabbit Erythrocytes: Similarity of the Antigen to E‐Receptor on Human T Cells
Authors: Yamashita Toshiyuki , Koyama Jiro 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA monoclonal antibody, GPT‐1, was prepared by fusion of the splenic cells of mice immunized with guinea pig thymocytes with a mouse myeloma cell line. GPT‐1 completely inhibited spontaneous rosette formation of T cells with papain‐treated rabbit erythrocytes. GPT‐1 reacted with 90% of thymocytes, 70% of peripheral blood lymphocytes, and 45% of splenic lymphocytes, but not with B cells. These results indicate that GPT‐1 has pan‐T reactivity. The antibody specifically bound to a single polypeptide chain with a molecular size of 50–65 kD. The surface density of the antigen was higher on thymocytes than on peripheral T cells, suggesting that the antigen is a certain differentiation antigen on T cells. Phytohemagglutinin‐activated T cells expressed more antigen molecules than resting T cells. In addition, GPT‐1 suppressed the proliferation of T cells induced by the mitogen, indicating that GPT‐1 recognizes a T cell‐specific surface antigen which is associated with T cell activation. Based on these results, it was concluded that GPT‐1 reacts with a guinea pig T cell surface antigen which is similar to the E‐receptor protein on human T cells (CD2 molecule).
Monoclonal Antibodies to O4 Antigen of Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Authors: Ogawa Setsuko , Koshikawa Tomihiko , Watabe Kazuhito , Yamazoe Mari , Torii Mitsuo , Sakato Nobuo , Azuma Takachika , Fujio Hajime 
Published: November 2013

AbstractFour monoclonal antibodies were prepared against O4 antigen of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. All the antibodies were shown to be specific for O4 antigen by agglutination with heat‐killed O‐cells of the organism and precipitation with LPS preparations. The inhibition experiments of the precipitations with various sugars and oligosaccharides suggested that the combining sites of these hybridoma antibodies were directed to an antigenic determinant structure containing →3 and →6 linked d‐glucose, d‐galactose, and N‐acetyl‐d‐galactosamine.
Immunotyping of Chlamydia psittaci by Indirect Immunofluorescence Antibody Test with Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Takahashi Tatsufumi , Takashima Ikuo , Hashimoto Nobuo 
Published: November 2013

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies against pigeon and budgerigar strains of Chlamydia psittaci were used to classify the immunotypes of C. psittaci strains by an indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) test. Thirty‐three C. psittaci strains from pigeons and 24 from budgerigars were divided into three immunotypes (P‐I, P‐II, and P‐III) and (B‐I, B‐II, and B‐III), respectively. Two strains from human psittacosis patients were identified as P‐III and B‐I, coinciding with the epidemiological evidence of each human infection. Two strains from psittacine birds, a parrot and a parakeet, were identical to the B‐II immunotype. Other mammalian strains were quite distinct from avian strains in their IFA reaction with the monoclonal antibodies.
Role of a Guanine Nucleotide‐Binding Regulatory Protein in the Hydrolysis of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5‐Bisphosphate in a Human T Cell Line
Authors: Hasegawa‐Sasaki Hiroko , Lutz Frieder , Sasaki Terukatsu 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe CD3(T3)/antigen receptor complex appears to function by transducing an antigen signal presented by macrophages into the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5‐bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2]. In order to find out how the CD3/antigen receptor complex regulates the hydrolysis of PtdIns(4,5)P2 to diacylglycerol and inositol trisphosphate, we investigated the possible role played by a guanine nucleotide‐binding regulatory protein in PtdIns(4,5)P2 hydrolysis in a human T cell leukemia line, JURKAT. JURKAT cells were made permeable to Al3+, F−, GTP, and a nonhydrolyzable GTP analogue, guanosine 5′‐O‐(3‐thiotriphosphate) (GTPγS), by treatment with pseudomonal cytotoxin. In the presence of AlCl3 NaF stimulated the release of inositol phosphates in the cytotoxin‐treated JURKAT cells. NaF plus AlCl3 induced increases in inositol tris‐, bis‐, and mono‐phosphates and decreases in PtdIns(4,5)P2, phosphatidylinositol 4‐phosphate, and phosphatidylinositol within 5 min after addition to the cytotoxin‐treated cells at 37 C. GTPγS stimulated, to some extent, polyphosphoinositide hydrolysis in the cytotoxin‐treated JURKAT. The cytotoxin‐treated JURKAT cells retained the ability to respond to anti‐Leu‐4 with polyphosphoinositide hydrolysis. It has been shown that Al3+ in the presence of F− modulates the activity of various guanine nucleotide‐binding regulatory proteins. Therefore, the results obtained in this study indicate that a guanine nucleotide‐binding regulatory protein regulates the polyphosphoinositide breakdown in JURKAT cells by influencing phosphodiesterase activity.
Characterization of Mouse Monoclonal Antibodies to Human Interferon‐Gamma
Authors: Yamamoto Yoko , Miyata Keizo , Ueda Masamichi , Kawade Yoshimi , Matsumoto Kayoko , Tsukui Kazuo 
Published: November 2013

AbstractMouse monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to human interferon‐gamma (HuIFN‐γ) were characterized. The mAbs studied—E4‐18, G4‐15, and SAT‐1—which are all IgGl‐type, reacted to all HuIFN‐γ molecular species, both glycosylated and non‐glycosylated. Affinity constants calculated of E4‐18 and G4‐15 didn't have considerable differences for both kinds of HuIFN‐γ (1–3 × 108 liter/mol), but SAT‐1 had a difference—a higher value (1010 liter/mol) for the former than for the latter (8 × 108 liter/mol). In epitope specificity, the results suggested that E4‐18 and G4‐15 recognized an overlapped region remote from the region of SAT‐1. Competition experiment using synthetic peptides suggested that epitope of G4‐15 is around N9‐26 of the HuIFN‐γ sequence. Those mAbs could be used for sandwich radioimmunoassay of HuIFN‐γ using double mAbs in two combinations, one (G4‐15/E4‐18) based on dimer forms of HuIFN‐γ and the other (SAT‐1/E4‐18) based on epitope difference. The mAbs are all neutralizing antibodies in which SAT‐1 neutralized at a lower concentration than did G4‐15, and at a much lower one than did E4‐18. The receptor binding of HuIFN‐γ was inhibited by mAbs G4‐15 and SAT‐1. Efficacy of G4‐15 and SAT‐1 for the inhibition correspond with that for neutralization.
Enhanced Neutralization of Flavivirus by Monoclonal Antibodies against Negishi Virus
Authors: Motohide Yukage , Takashima Ikuo , Hashimoto Nobuo 
Published: November 2013

AbstractTen monoclonal antibodies against Negishi virus were classified into 3 groups and 7 types according to the reaction patterns to Negishi virus by the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and by several kinds of neutralization tests. When kinetic neutralization was applied to these monoclonal antibodies at the same HI titer of 1:64, the initial slope and the persistent fraction of the kinetic curve was varied in each antibody. In the double‐kinetic neutralization test, neutralization did not proceed further when the second antibody was the same type as the first one. When the second antibody was a different type from that of the first one, neutralization proceeded further. The mixtures of 4 monoclonal antibodies classified as different groups and types remarkably enhanced neutralization in the kinetic assay. These results suggested that an assortment of antibodies is needed for effective neutralization of Negishi virus and that a multi‐hit model is likely operating in the neutralization of Negishi virus.
Replication of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Two T‐Cell Lines and Their Application as Antigens for Immunofluorescence
Authors: Kawatani Toshio , Hattori Naohiko , Kurimura Takashi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractTwo T‐cell lines, TALL‐1 and CCRF‐CEM, were infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), strain LAV, to explore the time course of the appearance of various virus specific antigens, and to establish an antibody assay system by indirect immunofluorescence (IF). These cells were infected with LAV at two different input multiplicity of infection (MOI). Antigens were tested by Western blot analysis (WB) and IF. Antigens for WB were extracted from the infected cells at various times after infection, but pooled sera of American HIV carriers could not recognize gp41 or gp160. Antigen expression was highest in CCRF‐CEM, but, as the antigen for IF, TALL‐1 infected at the MOI of 8.0 was the most suitable 7 days after infection, because it includes a fairly large number of uninfected cells, which served as the internal control.
Immunological Detection of 22K Protein in Sporulating Cells of Bacillus megaterium ATCC 12872
Authors: Nishihara Tsutomu , Sakagami Kimie , Tani Katsuji , Imagawa Masayoshi , Kondo Masaomi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe synthesis and deposition of 22,000‐dalton (22K) spore coat protein were examined immunochemically on the sporulating cells of Bacillus megaterium ATCC 12872 using the antibody to purified 22K spore coat protein. This antibody cross‐reacted with 44K and 25K proteins in immunoblot analysis of dormant spore coat proteins. Immunoblot analysis on the sporulating cells showed that 22K protein was detected from t8 in forespore coat protein fractions. Sandwich enzyme immunoassay revealed that 22K protein in the spore coat protein fraction appeared at t6 and reached a plateau at t9, and 22K protein in the mother cell cytoplasmic fraction was detected at only t7 and t8 at a very low level.
Upstream Region of Hepatitis B Virus S Gene Responsible for Transcriptional Stimulation by Dexamethasone
Authors: Masuda Michiaki , Lee Ganhon , Yuasa Tazuko , Yoshikura Hiroshi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractTranscriptional regulation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBs Ag) gene was studied in human hepatoma‐derived cell lines. Treatment with dexamethasone (Dex; 1 μM) induced an increase in the smaller HBs‐mRNA initiated within Pre‐S region encoding S and Pre‐S2 proteins, but not the larger HBs‐mRNA initiated in the further upstream encoding Pre‐S1 protein. The Bg1II‐MstII fragment (map position 2425–3201) in the upstream of the S gene was used as a transcriptional promoter of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene. The CAT activity brought about by this construct in the transient assay was elevated by 5‐fold in the presence of Dex. Deletion analysis localized the sequence required for the full response to Dex within a 590‐base pair fragment in the upstream of the transcriptional initiation site of the smaller HBs‐mRNA. And this fragment contained the binding site for the nuclear factor I (NF‐I), which might have some role in Dex‐dependent transcriptional stimulation.
Interaction of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 with a Rat Glioma Cell Line
Authors: Sakihama Kuniharu , Eizuru Yoshito , Minamishima Yoichi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe interaction between herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1) and type 2 (HSV‐2) and two neural cell lines, mouse neuroblastoma (N1E‐115) and rat glioma (C6‐BU‐1), was investigated. N1E‐115 cells were permissive to both types of HSV. In C6‐BU‐1 cells, on the other hand, all the HSV‐1 strains tested so far showed persistent infection, and the infectious virus of HSV‐2 strains disappeared spontaneously. The HSV‐2‐infected C6‐BU‐1 cells were positive for HSV‐2‐specific DNA sequences, virus‐specific RNA, HSV‐2‐specific antigens and thymidine kinase activity, when no infectious virus was detected. The HSV‐2 was reactivated from those C6‐BU‐1 cells by superinfection with murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV), but not with UV‐irradiated MCMV or human cytomegalovirus. The reactivated HSV‐2 was identical to the parental virus, when examined by restriction endonuclease cleavage analysis.
Sporadic Carriers of Human T‐Lymphotropic Virus Type I in Northern Egypt
Authors: El‐Farrash Mohamed A. , Badr Mohamed F. , Hawas Samia A. , El‐Nashar Nariman M. , Imai Joko , Komoda Haruko , Hinuma Yorio 
Published: November 2013

AbstractSera from 3,158 individuals living in northern Egypt were tested for the presence of antibodies against human T‐lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV‐I) by the newly developed particle agglutination (PA) test. Ten sera gave a positive reaction in the PA test. Eight of these sera were examined further by Western blotting and all of them gave several bands corresponding to HTLV‐I structural proteins. Two of the 8 sera gave positive results in the indirect immunofluorescence test. The results indicate the presence of HTLV‐I carriers in this area, although at very low incidence (0.063%).
Characteristics of a Colicin Plasmid in Escherichia coli Strain B177 Isolated from a Septicemic Calf
Authors: Harasawa Ryô , Miura Hiroyuki , Kaneuchi Choji 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA colicin plasmid in Escherichia coli strain B177 isolated from a septicemic calf was characterized. The colicin type was identified as ColV by using reference ColV producers. The colicin plasmid was labeled with transposon Tn903 and subjected to conjugation. The transconjugants examined suggest that the colicin plasmid confers serum resistance. There was no difference in siderophore utilization ability between the transconjugants and host strain SF800. Bioassay for siderophore suggests that the colicin plasmid specifies the production of iron‐chelating compounds available for the host strain.
Restriction Endonuclease DNA Analysis of Antigenic Variants of Leptospires Selected by Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Yamaguchi Tsuyoshi , Ono Etsuro , Ito Toshihiro , Yanagawa Ryo 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe genome of antigenic variant CV(CT3)‐1 derived from Leptospira interrogans serovar canicola was compared by cleavage with restriction endonucleases with the parent and serovar bafani, to which the variant was serologically most closely related. No differences were observed between the parent and variant in DNA restriction endonuclease patterns using eight restriction endonucleases. Serovar bafani was different in the patterns from the parent and antigenic variant CV(CT3)‐1. The two antigenic variants derived from serovar hebdomadis, HV(H16)‐1 and HV(H19)‐1 which belonged serologically to serovars jules and hebdomadis, respectively, were compared by restriction endonuclease DNA analysis with the parent and serovar jules. No differences were observed between the parent and variants in DNA restriction endonuclease patterns using the same enzymes. But some differences were observed in DNA restriction endonuclease patterns between HV(H16)‐1 and serovar jules. Thus, the antigenic variant selected from the parent by the anti‐parent monoclonal antibody and serologically different from the parent, being identified either as a new serovar or as a known one, was found to be similar to the parent by the restriction endonuclease DNA analysis.
Detection and Specificity of a New Antigen in Candida tropicalis and Its Evaluation by Taxonomic DNA Analyses
Authors: Hamajima Kenji , Nishikawa Akemi , Shinoda Takako , Fukazawa Yoshimura 
Published: November 2013

AbstractMonospecific factor serum for identifying Candida tropicalis was obtained either from rabbit antiserum to heated cells of C. tropicalis M 1519 (S 96) or from antiserum to C. tropicalis IFO 1400, by adsorption with heated cells of Candida albicans serotype A, or C. albicans (A) and Candida krusei, respectively. We designated this adsorbed serum factor t serum. The monospecific factor serum reacted with 31 out of 32 strains of C. tropicalis, only when tested on heat‐treated cell antigens, whereas it did not react with any of 72 strains of the six other medically important species of Candida. The morphological and physiological characteristics of the one strain of C. tropicalis that did not react with the factor t serum, designated the t−‐strain, were shown to be similar to those of the type strain of C. tropicalis by most of the methods employed for identifying Candida. Therefore, cell wall mannan from the t−‐strain was compared with that from several typical strains of C. tropicalis for its specificity by the precipitation reaction and also for its 1H‐nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum. The results showed that these mannans are similar to each other serologically and physicochemically, suggesting that the new antigen t is not mannan. Taxonomic characterization of the t−‐ and several typical strains of C. tropicalis was carried out by determining the mol% G + C of their DNA and also their DNA homology. Although the mol% G + C values of four typical strains of C. tropicalis were fairly similar (35.2 to 36.2 mol% by the Tm method and 35.5 to 36.4 mol% by the HPLC method), the t−‐strain had a G + C content of 44.1 (Tm) and 43.3 (HPLC) mol%. Furthermore, the DNAs of the t−‐strain and the type strain of C. tropicalis showed only 18.2% relatedness. These results suggest that the antigen corresponding to serum factor t exists only in the cell wall of C. tropicalis strains, not in those of the other medically important Candida, and that the t−‐strain should not be classified as C. tropicalis. In conclusion, the taxonomic value and usefulness of factor t serum is primarily for differentiating C. tropicalis from C. albicans serotype A serologically.
Method of Genomic DNA Cloning by the Combination of Cosmid Shuttle Vector and Monoclonal Antibody
Authors: Tagawa Masatoshi , Ito Toshihiro , Kanno Masamoto , Okitsu Akira , Sakamoto Tohru , Imai Kenji , Kuwabara Ichiro , Koseki Haruhiko , Matsubara Hisahiro , Lau Yun‐fai , Taniguchi Masaru 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe report here the strategy to isolate the DNA fragment of any species origin which encodes cell surface antigen by using cosmid library transfection and cell sortings with a monoclonal antibody. We took the mouse melanoma antigen defined by monoclonal antibody as a model system and rescued the genomic DNA by in vitro packaging, showing the feasibility of this procedure.