bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tailoring Coherent Microwave Emission from a Solid‐State Hybrid System for Room‐Temperature Microwave Quantum Electronics
Authors: Wang Kaipu , Wu Hao , Zhang Bo , Yao Xuri , Zhang Jiakai , Oxborrow Mark , Zhao Qing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractQuantum electronics operating in the microwave domain are burgeoning and becoming essential building blocks of quantum computers, sensors, and communication devices. However, the field of microwave quantum electronics has long been dominated by the need for cryogenic conditions to maintain delicate quantum characteristics. Here, a solid‐state hybrid system, constituted by a photo‐excited pentacene triplet spin ensemble coupled to a dielectric resonator, is reported for the first time capable of both coherent microwave quantum amplification and oscillation at X band via the masing process at room temperature. By incorporating external driving and active dissipation control into the hybrid system, efficient tuning of the maser emission characteristics at ≈9.4 GHz is achieved, which is key to optimizing the performance of the maser device. The work not only pushes the boundaries of the operating frequency and functionality of the existing pentacene masers but also demonstrates a universal route for controlling the masing process at room temperature, highlighting opportunities for optimizing emerging solid‐state masers for quantum information processing and communication.
Unlocking Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linn., 1758) selective breeding programmes in Uganda through geographical genetic structure mapping
Authors: Tibihika Papius Dias , Aruho Cassius , Namulawa Victoria , Ddungu Richard , Atukunda Gertrude , Aanyu Margaret , Nkambo Mujibu , Vijayan Thapasya , Kwikiriza Gerald , Curto Manuel , Meimberg Harald 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), native to Africa and the Levant, is an important species for both aquaculture and capture fisheries. Despite these attributes, Nile tilapia has been negatively impacted by anthropogenic activities ranging from overfishing and habitat destruction to translocations. These human‐mediated activities have threatened the genetic evolutionary integrity of native populations of Nile tilapia and congeneric species through admixture, demographic bottlenecks and introgressive hybridization. In this context, the genetic contrast between farmed/bred strains and wild Nile tilapia populations in the major lakes of Uganda remains understudied. Understanding the genetic structure of Nile tilapia populations in the major water bodies of Uganda (lakes Victoria, Kyoga, Edward, George, Albert and Nile River) is a key resource to guide selective breeding programmes, thus minimizing the effects of maladaptation under both aquaculture and natural stocks. Although the population genetics of Nile tilapia in Uganda's major lakes have been studied, this was based on limited sampling scope, especially in the wild, and the key information on the species could have been overlooked. We fill this knowledge gap by genotyping 756 Nile tilapia individuals from multiple populations for each major water body of Uganda using a panel of 34 microsatellite loci based on the microsatellite genotyping‐by‐sequencing (SSR‐GBS) technique. The results indicate two discrete gene pools/stocks: the Edward‐George system and the Albert‐Kyoga system‐Victoria. Evidence of loss of genetic diversity and admixture of some Nile tilapia stocks was found, most likely resulting from anthropogenic perturbations. This study contributes useful information key for understanding the potential Nile tilapia broodstock sources for selective breeding programmes, aimed at improving aquaculture production in Uganda.
Expanding the clinical phenotype and variant spectrum associated with RFX7
Authors: Sisroe Talia , Santos Attila Dos , Rippert Alyssa L. , Gray Christopher , Skraban Cara M. , Nelson Beverly , Tefft Sarah , Helbig Ingo , Li Dong , Bhoj Elizabeth J. , Sobering Andrew K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRFX7 encodes a transcription factor that is ubiquitously expressed and important for neural development. Haploinsufficiency of RFX7 is associated with intellectual disability, developmental delay, and diverse malformations of brain structures. Currently, there are only 16 clinically described individuals who have variants in RFX7. A recognizable pattern of malformation associated with mutation in RFX7 has not yet been uncovered. Here we describe the phenotypic presentation of two additional individuals who have novel de novo variants in RFX7. One of the individuals we describe is from an under‐represented Afro‐Caribbean population.
Successful use of methylene blue for catecholamine‐refractory vasoplegic shock due to metformin intoxication: A case report and literature review
Authors: Takahashi Yuji , Nakano Hidehiko , Motoki Maiko , Wakimoto Yuji , Ikechi Daisuke , Koyama Yasuaki , Hashimoto Hideki 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundSevere metformin intoxication can lead to lactic acidosis and vasoplegic shock, for which the optimal management strategy remains uncertain, especially in cases of severe circulatory collapse.Case PresentationA 45‐year‐old diabetic woman on metformin therapy presented with impaired consciousness and seizures. She had experienced a cardiac arrest and undergone extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Blood gas analysis showed severe lactic acidosis. A 71‐g metformin packet was found at the patient's home, suggesting an overdose. Despite extracorporeal support and blood purification, severe lactic acidosis and hypotension persisted. Methylene blue was administered 32 h from the onset, which improved her metabolic and circulatory status. We examined her blood sample throughout the case to check the transition of metformin blood concentration.ConclusionMethylene blue may be beneficial for severe metformin toxicity, regardless of the blood concentration of metformin and the time since intoxication. However, further research is needed to establish its optimal use and effectiveness.
Strong Enhancement in Cobalt(II)‐TPMA Aqueous Hydrogen Photosynthesis through Intramolecular Proton Relay
Authors: Droghetti Federico , Begato Federico , Raulin Melvin , Musiu Gioia , Licini Giulia , Natali Mirco , Zonta Cristiano 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPhotosynthetic hydrogen generation by cobalt(II) tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine (TPMA) complexes is mainly limited by protonation kinetics and decomposition routes involving demetallation. In the present work we have explored the effects of both proton shuttles and improved rigidity on the catalytic ability of cobalt(II) TPMA complexes. Remarkably, we demonstrate that, while a small enhancement in the catalytic performance is attained in a rigid cage structure, the introduction of ammonium groups as proton transfer relays in close proximity to the cobalt center allows to reach a 4‐fold increase in the quantum efficiency of H2 formation, and a surprising 22‐fold gain in the maximum turnover number, at low catalyst concentration. The beneficial role of the ammonium relays in promoting faster intramolecular proton transfer to the reduced cobalt center is documented by transient absorption spectroscopy, showcasing the great relevance of tuning the catalyst periphery to achieve efficient catalysis of solar fuel formation.
Molecular Recognition in Mechanochemistry: Insights from Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Quaranta Calogero , d'Anciães Almeida Silva Igor , Moos Sven , Bartalucci Ettore , Hendrickx Leeroy , Fahl Benjamin M. D. , Pasqualini Claudia , Puccetti Francesco , Zobel Mirijam , Bolm Carsten , Wiegand Thomas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMolecular‐recognition events are highly relevant in biology and chemistry. In the present study, we investigated such processes in the solid state under mechanochemical conditions using the formation of racemic phases upon reacting enantiopure entities as example. As test systems, α‐(trifluoromethyl)lactic acid (TFLA) and the amino acids serine and alanine were used. The effects of ball‐milling and resonant acoustic mixing (RAM) on the formation of racemic phases were probed by using solid‐state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In a mixer mill, a highly efficient and fast racemic phase formation occurred for both TFLA and the two amino acids. RAM led to the racemic phase for TFLA also, and this process was facilitated upon employing pre‐milled enantiopure entities. In contrast, under comparable conditions RAM did not result in the formation of racemic phases for serine and alanine.
Mixed Crystalline Covalent Heptazine Frameworks with Built‐in Heterojunction Structures towards Efficient Photocatalytic Formic Acid Dehydrogenation
Authors: Cheng Cheng , Zhang Siquan , Zhang Jin , Guan Lijiang , El‐Khouly Mohamed E. , Jin Shangbin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCovalent heptazine frameworks (CHFs) are widely utilized in the recent years as potential photocatalysts. However, their limited conjugated structures, low crystallinity and small surface areas have restricted the practical photocatalysis performance. Along this line, we report herein the synthesis of a kind of mixed crystalline CHF (m‐CHF‐1) with built‐in heterojunction structure, which can efficiently catalyze the formic acid dehydrogenation by visible light driven photocatalysis. The m‐CHF‐1 is synthesized from 2,5,8‐triamino‐heptazine and dicyanobenzene (DCB) in the molten salts, in which DCB plays as organic molten co‐solvent to promote the rapid and ordered polymerization of 2,5,8‐triamino‐heptazine. The m‐CHF‐1 is formed by embedding phenyl‐linked heptazine (CHF−Ph) units in the poly(heptazine imide) (PHI) network similar to doping. The CHF−Ph combined with PHI form an effective type II heterojunction structure, which promote the directional transfer of charge carriers. And the integration of CHF−Ph makes m‐CHF‐1 have smaller exciton binding energy than pure PHI, the charge carriers are more easily dissociated to form free electrons, resulting in higher utilization efficiency of the carriers. The largest hydrogen evolution rate reaches a value of 42.86 mmol h−1 g−1 with a high apparent quantum yield of 24.6 % at 420 nm, which surpasses the majority of other organic photocatalysts.
Mechanochemically Promoted Functionalization of Postconsumer Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) and Poly(α‐Methylstyrene) for Bulk Depolymerization
Authors: Young James B. , Goodrich Sofia L. , Lovely James A. , Ross Madison E. , Bowman Jared I. , Hughes Rhys W. , Sumerlin Brent S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe describe a methodology of post‐polymerization functionalization to enable subsequent bulk depolymerization to monomer by utilizing mechanochemical macro‐radical generation. By harnessing ultrasonic chain‐scission in the presence of N‐hydroxyphthalimide methacrylate (PhthMA), we successfully chain‐end functionalize polymers to promote subsequent depolymerization in bulk, achieving up to 82 % depolymerization of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(α‐methylstyrene) (PAMS) within 30 min. This method of depolymerization yields a high‐purity monomer that can be repolymerized. Moreover, as compared to the most common methods of depolymerization, this work is most efficient with ultra‐high molecular weight (UHMW) polymers, establishing a method with the potential to address highly persistent, non‐degradable all‐carbon backbone plastic materials. Lastly, we demonstrate the expansion of this depolymerization method to commercial cell cast PMMA, achieving high degrees of depolymerization from post‐consumer waste. This work is the first demonstration of applying PhthMA‐promoted depolymerization strategies in homopolymer PMMA and PAMS prepared by conventional polymerization methods.
Caffeic acid and its derivative caffeic acid phenethyl ester as potential therapeutic compounds for cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review
Authors: Nasimi Shad Arya , Akhlaghipour Iman , Babazadeh Baghan Atefeh , Askari Vahid Reza , Baradaran Rahimi Vafa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) contribute to major public health issues. Some studies have found that caffeic acid (CA) and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) may effectively prevent or treat CVDs. However, there is a major need to sum up our current understanding of the possible beneficial or detrimental effects of CA and CAPE on CVDs and related mechanisms. Therefore, this study aimed to summarize the data on this topic. A methodical search was carried out on key databases, including Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science, from the beginning to June 2024. Studies were then assessed for eligibility based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Treatment with CA and CAPE significantly and positively affected cardiovascular health in various aspects, including atherosclerotic diseases, myocardial infarction, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, and hypercoagulation state. Several mechanisms were proposed to mediate these effects, including transcription factors and signaling pathways associated with antioxidant, cytostatic, and anti‐inflammatory processes. CA and CAPE were found to have several beneficial effects via multiple mechanisms during the prevention and treatment of various CVDs. However, these promising effects were only reported through in vitro and animal studies, which reinforces the need for further evaluation of these effects via human clinical investigations.
Eco‐friendly Anode Materials for Lithium and Sodium‐ion Batteries from Wood Sources
Authors: Aslam Junaid , Ahsan Waseem Muhammad , Zhang Yifan , Wang Yong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe intricate materials found in nature boast remarkable multifunctional properties honed through millions of years of evolution, resulting in the highest optimal organization in terms of function, structure, and chemistry. Leveraging the distinctive attributes of natural materials through biomimicry present a captivating avenue for research, brimming with vast potential for groundbreaking discoveries. Among the array of precursors available, wood stands out as a prominent candidate that covered over 30 % of the global land surface. Renowned for its captivating mechanical properties and anisotropic hierarchical porosity finely tuned to facilitate swift pathways, wood embodies attributes of abundance and biodegradability. Consequently, scientists have drawn inspiration from wood's exceptional characteristics to engineer batteries exhibiting remarkable electrochemical performance. For instance, the characteristic hierarchical multi‐channeled construction of wood serves as a blueprint for synthesizing energy storage materials endowed with heightened ion and electron diffusivity. Serving as an integrated carbonaceous scaffold featuring a hierarchical architecture and aligned channels, wood‐based anodes enhance ion and electron conductivities, while bolstering the kinetics of charge transfer in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). This review underscores the recent strides made in utilizing wood as a hierarchically porous and renewable material for developing anode materials tailored for LIBs and SIBs. Additionally, it sheds light on the potential of wood‐derived anode materials for LIBs and SIBs to alleviate the strain on critical raw materials, while accentuating the additional environmental sustainability benefits derived from such innovations.
A validated stability‐indicating reversed‐phase‐UPLC method for simultaneous estimation of promethazine hydrochloride, methylparaben, propylparaben and sodium benzoate assay of cough suppressant and antihistamine liquid oral dosage forms
Authors: Pippalla Sreenivas , Nekkalapudi Arjuna Rao , Komreddy Venugopal Reddy 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA quick, simple, sensitive, efficient and stability‐indicating reverse‐phase ultraperformance liquid chromatographic method for the estimation of propylparaben, methylparaben and sodium benzoate in a pharmaceutical liquid oral formulation was developed. A Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18, 50 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm i.d. column was used to perform chromatographic separation with a 0.1% perchloric acid mobile phase used as solvent A and a mixture of 0.1 % perchloric acid and methanol in the ratio 20:80 (v/v), respectively, as solvent B. The experiments were carried out at a flow rate of 0.4 ml/min and the detection wavelength was 240 nm. The compartment temperature of the column was set at 40°C and the injection volume was set at 2 μl. The main aim of the research was to develop a single UPLC assay method for promethazine (active ingredient) and preservatives in the oral solution of promethazine HCl and dextromethorphan HBr that contains promethazine (active ingredient) and methylparaben, propylparaben and sodium benzoate (preservatives). An assay of dextromethorphan HBr was developed and validated by another HPLC method. The drug and preservatives were eluted at retention times of 19.3 min for promethazine HCl, 9.3 min for methylparaben, 18.9 min for propylparaben and 8.9 min for sodium benzoate. Validation of the developed method was carried out as stated by the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines ICH Q2B and under USP<1225>. The analytical parameters verified specificity/selectivity, linearity, accuracy, ruggedness and robustness. The linearity ranges of promethazine HCL, methylparaben, propylparaben and sodium benzoate were 10–100, 10–80, 1.0–8.0 and 10–80 μg/ml, respectively, with a correlation coefficient of active ingredients and preservatives of 1.00. Percentage recoveries of promethazine, propylparaben, methylparaben, and sodium benzoate were 100.0–100.2, 99.0–100.3, 99.5–98.0 and 99.0–100.0%. The validated analytical method proves that the method is specific, precise, linear, accurate, sensitive, rugged and stable, indicating the quantification of the active ingredient and all preservatives in liquid oral formulations.
Effects of n‐hexane fraction of Piper guineense seed extract on Nω‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester hydrochloride‐induced hypertension in rats
Authors: Olopade Elijah Oluwatosin , Morakinyo Adetoun Elizabeth , Alao Jude Oluwapelumi , Oyedepo Temitope A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effects of the n‐hexane fraction of the ethanolic seed extract of PG (NFESEPG) on hypertension induced by Nω‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester (L‐NAME) in rats. Specifically, the study examined the impact of NFESEPG on blood pressure, oxidative stress markers, NO concentration, angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) and arginase activities, and cardiac biomarkers in hypertensive rats. The study involved collecting, identifying, and processing the PG plant to obtain the ethanolic seed extract. The extract was then partitioned with solvents to isolate the n‐hexane fraction. Hypertension was induced in rats by oral administration of L‐NAME for 10 days, while concurrent treatment with NFESEPG at two doses (200 and 400 mg/kg/day) was administered orally. Blood pressure was measured using a noninvasive tail‐cuff method, and various biochemical parameters were assessed. Treatment with both doses of NFESEPG significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure in L‐NAME‐induced hypertensive rats. Additionally, NFESEPG administration increased NO concentration and decreased ACE and arginase activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and cardiac biomarkers in hypertensive rats. The findings indicate that NFESEPG effectively lowered blood pressure in hypertensive rats induced by L‐NAME, potentially through mechanisms involving the modulation of oxidative stress, NO bioavailability, and cardiac biomarkers. These results suggest the therapeutic potential of NFESEPG in managing hypertension and related cardiovascular complications.
P2Y12 adenosine receptor inhibitors preloading among patients with non‐ST‐elevation acute coronary syndromes; insights from a nationwide multicenter registry
Authors: Arow Ziad , Shmueli Hezzy , Koifman Edward , Barashi Rami , Assali Abid , Mahajna Luham , Orvin Katia , Beigel Roy , Abramowitz Yigal , Tsaban Gal 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe safety and efficacy of treatment with P2Y12 adenosine‐diphosphate receptor inhibitors (P2Y12‐RI) before coronary angiography among patients with non‐ST‐segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS) are questionable.AimsTo assess the pretreatment rate with P2Y12‐RI and its association with ischemic and bleeding risks among patients with NSTEACS.MethodsThe study comprised patients with NSTEACS referred for coronary angiography and included in the Acute Coronary Syndrome Israeli Surveys between 2013 and 2021. Patients were divided into two groups according to the timing of P2Y12‐RI loading concerning coronary angiography: pretreatment and posttreatment. The primary endpoints were 30‐day major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; composite of cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, stent thrombosis, and urgent revascularization) and 1‐year all‐cause mortality.ResultsOf 3076 patients, 2423 (78.8%) received pretreatment with a P2Y12‐RI, and 653 (21.2%) received P2Y12‐RI posttreatment. Prasugrel and ticagrelor were used more in the posttreatment group compared to the pretreatment group (16% vs. 6% and 38% vs. 25%, respectively, p < 0.001 for both). No difference was observed in the rate of 30‐day MACE comparing pretreatment and posttreatment (5.3% vs. 2.2%, respectively, p = 0.62). A sensitivity analysis of 30‐day MACE among patients from the 2021 survey demonstrated similar results (2.5% in the posttreatment group vs. 8.0% in the pretreatment group, p = 0.13). There were no differences in 1‐year all‐cause mortality rates between the pretreatment and posttreatment groups (4.8% vs. 3.8%, p = 0.31).ConclusionsAmong patients with NSTEACS referred for an invasive strategy, the P2Y12‐RI posttreatment strategy was associated with similar 30‐day and 1‐year MACE as the pretreatment strategy. These large‐scale, multicenter, real‐world data provide reassurance on the safety and efficacy of delaying P2Y12‐IR until after coronary stratification to improve clinical decision‐making.
Pontine tubercular abscess: A rare presentation of CNS tuberculosis masquerading as glioma in a child
Authors: Adhikari Bikash Chandra , Rouniyar Sangam , Roy Ujjawal , Kunwor Bishal , Lama Ashmina 
Published: July 2024

Key Clinical MessageTuberculous brain abscess (TBA) in a child was initially misdiagnosed as glioma. Two craniotomies, abscess drainage, and anti‐tubercular therapy led to recovery. Pontine TBA, though rare and atypical, can have better outcome with timely intervention.
CO2‐Hydrogenation to Methanol over CuO/ZnO Based Infiltration Composite Catalyst Spheres
Authors: Fritsch Carl , Dornseiffer Jürgen , Blankenstein Jule , Noyong Michael , Groteklaes Christian , Simon Ulrich 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMultiple active component catalysts for efficient conversion of CO2 to Methanol (MeOH) are synthesized through coating γ‐Al2O3 carrier spheres by incipient wetness impregnation method (IWI). The well‐known bimetallic Copper Oxide/Zinc Oxide (CuO/ZnO)is promoted in three steps, first by Cerium Oxide (CeO2), then additionally with Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2) and finally with Calcium Oxide (CaO) resulting in four carrier catalysts with high surface area and catalyst pore volume. Quaternary and quinary carrier catalysts promoted with moderate CeO2, ZrO2 in the quaternary (20 % CZCZ) and additionally with CaO (20 % CZCZC) in the quinary catalysts demonstrate high CO2‐conversion ratios (16.2 % and 18.7 %) and space time yields (0.51 and 0.47 gMeOH h−1 gCatalyst−1) at 5 MPa and 250 °C. The high conversion ratios (XCO2) and good methanol space‐time‐yields (STYMeOH) are attributed to enhanced copper dispersion and several multi metal oxide component interactions essential to enhance CO2‐activation and ‐conversion through the catalytic systems as well as very high overall surface area. Compared to related studies, the carrier catalysts show superior conversion rates, proving the effectiveness of the introduced multi‐component carrier catalyst and extending the understanding of infiltrate composites as possible large‐scale application alternatives to precipitated MeOH catalyst systems.