bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2‐(2‐Nitrovinyl)furan Promotes Oxidation of Cellular Proteins, Lipids, and DNA of Male Rat Liver and Kidney
Authors: Ajiboye T. O. , Alabi K. A. , Ariyo F. A. , Adeleye A. O. , Ojewuyi O. B. , Balogun A. , Sunmonu T. O. 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTThe effect of 2‐(2‐nitrovinyl)furan on the redox status of male rat liver and kidney was evaluated. Twenty male rats were randomized into four groups; group A received olive oil and groups B, C, and D rats received 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg bodyweight of 2‐(2‐nitrovinyl)furan intraperitoneally, daily at 24 h interval, respectively, for 14 days. 2‐(2‐Nitrovinyl)furan significantly reduced (P < 0.05) alkaline phosphatase, alanine, and aspartate aminotransferase activities in male rat liver and kidney with a corresponding increase in serum. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and levels of reduced glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSSG) ratio in the liver and kidney of 2‐(2‐nitrovinyl)furan‐treated rats decreased significantly (P < 0.05). In contrast, GSSG, protein carbonyl, conjugated dienes, lipid hydroperoxides, malondialdehyde, and fragmented DNA (%) in 2‐(2‐nitrovinyl)furan‐treated rats increased significantly (P < 0.05). Overall, data from this study revealed that 2‐(2‐nitrovinyl)furan exhibited its toxic effect by suppressing or depleting the antioxidant systems.
DNA Methyltransferase 1 Drives Transcriptional Down‐Modulation of β Catenin Antagonist Chibby1 Associated With the BCR‐ABL1 Gene of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Leo Elisa , Mancini Manuela , Castagnetti Fausto , Gugliotta Gabriele , Santucci Maria Alessandra , Martinelli Giovanni 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTThe decrease of Chibby1 (CBY1) contributes to β catenin constitutive activation associated with the presence of the BCR‐ABL1 fusion gene of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). This is mediated by transcriptional events and driven by DNA hyper‐methylation at promoter‐associated CpG islands of the CBY1‐encoding gene C22orf2. Moreover, CBY1 transcriptional induction proceeding from promoter de‐methylation is a component of BCR‐ABL1+ cell response to Imatinib (IM). Our study showed that DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) has a central role in the hyper‐methylation at the C22orf2 promoter. Further investigation in leukemic hematopoietic progenitors from IM‐responsive and IM‐resistant CML patients at diagnosis failed to demonstrate any correlation between DNMT1‐driven hyper‐methylation of the C22orf2 promoter and response to IM. Notably, the response to IM was neither predicted by DNMT1‐driven hyper‐methylation of BCL2‐like11 at diagnosis. In conclusion, the hypermethylation of C22orf2 and BCL2‐like11 promoters proceeding from DNMT1 is a crucial component of their reduced expression, but it is not directly involved in CML resistance to IM. It might rather contribute to the disease evolution towards a drug‐resistant phenotype in more advanced phases or blast crisis. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 589–597, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Differences in the metabolic response to temperature acclimation in nine‐spined stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) populations from contrasting thermal environments
Authors: Bruneaux Matthieu , Nikinmaa Mikko , Laine Veronika N. , Lindström Kai , Primmer Craig R. , Vasemägi Anti 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTMetabolic responses to temperature changes are crucial for maintaining the energy balance of an individual under seasonal temperature fluctuations. To understand how such responses differ in recently isolated populations (<11,000 years), we studied four Baltic populations of the nine‐spined stickleback (Pungitius pungitius L.) from coastal locations (seasonal temperature range, 0–29°C) and from colder, more thermally stable spring‐fed ponds (1–19°C). Salinity and predation pressure also differed between these locations. We acclimatized wild‐caught fish to 6, 11, and 19°C in common garden conditions for 4–6 months and determined their aerobic scope and hepatosomatic index (HSI). The freshwater fish from the colder (2–14°C), predator‐free pond population exhibited complete temperature compensation for their aerobic scope, whereas the coastal populations underwent metabolic rate reduction during the cold treatment. Coastal populations had higher HSI than the colder pond population at all temperatures, with cold acclimation accentuating this effect. The metabolic rates and HSI for freshwater fish from the pond with higher predation pressure were more similar to those of the coastal ones. Our results suggest that ontogenic effects and/or genetic differentiation are responsible for differential energy storage and metabolic responses between these populations. This work demonstrates the metabolic versatility of the nine‐spined stickleback and the pertinence of an energetic framework to better understand potential local adaptations. It also demonstrates that instead of using a single acclimation temperature thermal reaction norms should be compared when studying individuals originating from different thermal environments in a common garden setting. J. Exp. Zool. 321A: 550–565, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Variability of surface air temperature in Tampico, northeastern Mexico
Authors: Cruz‐Rico Jorge , Rivas David , Tejeda‐Martínez Adalberto 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTHerein, we present an analysis of the variability of surface air temperature at Tampico in the southern coast of Tamaulipas, northeastern Mexico, during the period 1961–2009. Several indices were used for the analysis which include the yearly highest and lowest records of maximum and minimum daily temperatures, the start and duration of the annual warm period, the temperature of the yearly warmest month, and the annual thermal oscillation. Linear trends indicate that winter temperatures are increasing (roughly 1 °C decade−1), whereas summer temperatures have remained practically unchanged. The annual warm period starts on days 83–108 of every year and lasts 180–240 days, but there is also an apparent periodicity of 15–18 years in the occurrence of the shortest warm periods. After mid‐1970s, the warm periods have decreased roughly 6 days per decade, but the temperature of the annual warmest month has increased roughly 0.50 °C decade−1, this indicates that warm periods (spring–summer) are becoming shorter but warmer. Large‐scale climatic patterns also affect the low‐frequency thermal variability at Tampico: the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation modulates the summer temperature, while El Niño variability modulates a fraction of the annual thermal oscillation via mainly delayed signals passing through the Caribbean. The higher frequency variability observed as numerous anomalous years in the temperature series may be explained mostly by dynamical factors such as a decreased southerly heat flux and/or an increased northerly heat flux (like in the year 1974), or a reduction of the annual warm period and precipitation in the northeastern Mexican coast associated with the El Niño activity (like in the year 1998). However, some cold periods may be attributable to vulcanic eruptions like those of the Chichonal (in Mexico) and the Pinatubo (in Philippines).
Combined continuum damage‐embedded discontinuity model for explicit dynamic fracture analyses of quasi‐brittle materials
Authors: Saksala Timo , Brancherie Delphine , Harari Isaac , Ibrahimbegovic Adnan 
Published: November 2014

SUMMARYIn this paper, a novel constitutive model combining continuum damage with embedded discontinuity is developed for explicit dynamic analyses of quasi‐brittle failure phenomena. The model is capable of describing the rate‐dependent behavior in dynamics and the three phases in failure of quasi‐brittle materials. The first phase is always linear elastic, followed by the second phase corresponding to fracture‐process zone creation, represented with rate‐dependent continuum damage with isotropic hardening formulated by utilizing consistency approach. The third and final phase, involving nonlinear softening, is formulated by using an embedded displacement discontinuity model with constant displacement jumps both in normal and tangential directions. The proposed model is capable of describing the rate‐dependent ductile to brittle transition typical of cohesive materials (e.g., rocks and ice). The model is implemented in the finite element setting by using the CST elements. The displacement jump vector is solved for implicitly at the local (finite element) level along with a viscoplastic return mapping algorithm, whereas the global equations of motion are solved with explicit time‐stepping scheme. The model performance is illustrated by several numerical simulations, including both material point and structural tests. The final validation example concerns the dynamic Brazilian disc test on rock material under plane stress assumption. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Tetra‐Substituted Thiophenes as Inhibitors of p38α MAPK
Authors: Vinh Natalie B. , Devine Shane M. , Munoz Lenka , Ryan Renae M. , Wang Bing H. , Krum Henry , Chalmers David K. , Simpson Jamie S. , Scammells Peter J. 
Published: November 2014

Abstractp38α mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays a role in several cellular processes and consequently has been a therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. A number of known p38α MAPK inhibitors contain vicinal 4‐fluorophenyl/4‐pyridyl rings connected to either a 5‐ or 6‐membered heterocycle. In this study, a small library of substituted thiophene‐based compounds bearing the vicinal 4‐fluorophenyl/4‐pyridyl rings was designed using computational docking as a visualisation tool. Compounds were synthesised and evaluated in a fluorescence polarisation binding assay. The synthesised analogues had a higher binding affinity to the active phosphorylated form of p38α MAPK than the inactive nonphosphorylated form of the protein. 4‐(2‐(4‐fluorophenyl)thiophen‐3‐yl)pyridine had a Ki value of 0.6 μm to active p38α MAPK highlighting that substitution of the core ring to a thiophene retains affinity to the enzyme and can be utilised in p38α MAPK inhibitors. This compound was further elaborated using a substituted phenyl ring in order to probe the second hydrophobic pocket. Many of these analogues exhibited low micromolar affinity to active p38α MAPK. The suppression of neonatal rat fibroblast collagen synthesis was also observed suggesting that further development of these compounds may lead to potential therapeutics having cardioprotective properties.
Improving nutritional status in a pediatric cystic fibrosis center
Authors: Ramírez Ixsy , Filbrun Amy , Hasan Aws , Kidwell Kelley M. , Nasr Samya Z. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryBackgroundThe nutritional status of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is strongly associated with pulmonary function, respiratory status and survival. Malnutrition could result from a discrepancy between energy needs and food intake while malabsorption results from pancreatic insufficiency which occurs in 85% of people with CF.MethodsA quality improvement (QI) project was designed to improve the nutritional status of patients with CF with low Body Mass Index (BMI) between 3 and 19 years of age. An algorithm was developed which included clinic‐based assessments of patients' nutritional status and periodic assessment by a dietitian, social worker and/or psychologist during the project. Gastrostomy tube placement and feeding was offered as a last resort to improve caloric intake.Results173 patients seen during January–June, 2010, were included in this project. They were classified into four BMI groups and data were collected quarterly through June, 2012. The project target population (BMI percentile ≤24) had a median BMI percentile at the start of the project of 11.8. At the end of the project median BMI percentile was 22 (46% improvement).ConclusionImproving nutrition and BMI for patients with CF is achievable. There must be a motivated, multi‐disciplinary team that includes patients and families. A patient‐specific combination of interventions must be used. These interventions could be quite basic for patients with BMI percentile ≥25, yet more elaborate for patients with BMI percentile <25. Clinic‐based algorithms such as ours can successfully improve the BMI percentile in patients with CF. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015; 50:544–551. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Das Prinzip Leichtbau und seine Bedeutung für das konstruktive Entwerfen
Authors: Knippers Jan , Helbig Thorsten 
Published: November 2014

AbstractJörg Schlaich setzt sich für eine ganzheitliche Qualität im Ingenieurbau ein. Das Prinzip Leichtbau ist dabei die zentrale Richtschnur seines Entwerfens. Leichtbau ist für ihn nicht Selbstzweck, sondern hat eine soziale, ökologische und kulturelle Bedeutung. Sozial, weil eine feingliedrige Konstruktion eine hohe Wertschöpfung für Planung und Herstellung generiert, ökologisch, weil ein geringer Materialeinsatz Ressourcen spart und kulturell, weil eine dem Kraftfluss folgende Form zeitlosen Gestaltungsprinzipien folgt. Zu seinem Selbstverständnis als kulturell verantwortlicher Ingenieur gehört auch die Verankerung in der Bau‐ und Konstruktionsgeschichte. Viele seiner Entwürfe knüpfen an Ansätze großer Wegbereiter des Ingenieurbaus an, interpretieren diese aber völlig neu und überführen sie in Konstruktionen höchster Eleganz.Wie werden nun heute die Ansätze von Jörg Schlaich zum Leichtbau aufgegriffen, wie werden sie weiterentwickelt und welche Diskussionen stoßen sie an? Stellvertretend für die vielen Kolleginnen und Kollegen, die ihre prägenden beruflichen Impulse Jörg Schlaich und seinem Umfeld verdanken, möchten wir dies an eigenen Projekten diskutieren.The Lightweight principle and its relevance for the structural design. Jörg Schlaich is fully committed to an integrated and holistic approach of construction engineering. The ‘Lightweight principle’ is the main guideline of his designs. Lightweight construction is not simply practiced for the sake of itself, but it rather possesses a social, ecological and cultural relevance in his work. It is socially representative because slender structures add value to design and construction, ecologically significant as a reduction of material usage saves non‐renewable resources, and culturally relevant because a force flow adapted form follows timeless design principles. His considering himself a cultural responsible engineer is deeply rooted in the history of engineering. Many of his design ideas reach back to concepts of great predecessors, but reinterpret them completely anew and transfer them to contemporary constructions of utmost elegance.How are the contributions of Jörg Schlaich to lightweight construction elaborated by others today, which further developments are motivated by them and which discussions do they trigger? As representatives for the many colleagues that received their formative inspiration and stimuli from Jörg Schlaich and his environment, we would like to discuss these questions on the basis of some of our own projects.
The Sky Reflector‐Net for the Fulton Center, New York
Authors: Schober Hans , Carpenter James , Stein Michael 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe collaboration of architect and engineer has been of particular importance to Jörg Schlaich during his professional life. The prevailing attitude that the architect is responsible for the design and details and the engineer for the statics has always been absurd to him. He believes the highest level of design is achieved when the engineer is involved from the beginning of the design process, in the conceptual design phase when architect and engineer are prepared to listen to each other and build upon a collaborative process. Such a relationship exists between schlaich bergermann und partner and the studio of artist/designer James Carpenter – a relationship that started in the 1980’s on the design of bridges, sculptures and building elements. The impetus for this long collaboration has always been to minimize structure and maximize light as a defining characteristic of the public realm.The authors think that the Sky Reflector‐Net for the Fulton Center is a good example of this fruitful collaboration, in this case between James Carpenter and his studio, James Carpenter Design Associates (JCDA), architect, Grimshaw Architects, design engineer, schlaich bergermann und partner (sbp) and final design engineer, Arup working together to fully integrate this ambitious artwork within a very complex program.Das Sky Reflektor‐Net für das Fulton Center, New York. Die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Architekt und Ingenieur beschäftigte Jörg Schlaich während seines gesamten Berufslebens. Die vorherrschende Meinung, der Architekt sei für das Design und die Details und der Ingenieur nur für die Statik verantwortlich, war für ihn schon immer absurd. Für Jörg Schlaich wird ein optimaler Entwurf nur dann erreicht, wenn der Ingenieur von Anfang an beim Entwurf mitwirkt, wenn man die Sprache des anderen versteht und wenn beide bereit sind, aufeinander zu hören. Auf dieser Basis baut die Zusammenarbeit zwischen schlaich bergermann und partner (sbp) und dem Atelier von Künstler/Designer James Carpenter (JCDA) auf eine Beziehung, die in den 1980er Jahren mit der Gestaltung von Brücken, Skulpturen und Gebäudeelementen begann und bis heute andauert. Anlass dieser langen Zusammenarbeit war stets, die Konstruktion zu minimieren und das Licht als wichtiges Entwurfselement im öffentlichen Raum zu maximieren.Die Autoren glauben, dass das Sky Reflektor‐Net für das Fulton Center ein gutes Beispiel für eine fruchtbare Zusammenarbeit zwischen James Carpenter mit seinem Studio James Carpenter Design Associates (JCDA), dem Architekten Grimshaw Architects, dem Entwurfsingenieur schlaich bergermann und partner (sbp) und dem Ingenieur für die Ausführungsplanung Arup darstellt, ohne die so ein ehrgeiziges Kunstwerk nicht reibungslos in eine so komplexe Gesamtplanung eingebunden werden kann.
Functional Compensation Between Myc and PI3K Signaling Supports Self-Renewal of Embryonic Stem Cells
Authors: Hishida Tomoaki , Nakachi Yutaka , Mizuno Yosuke , Katano Miyuki , Okazaki Yasushi , Ema Masatsugu , Takahashi Satoru , Hirasaki Masataka , Suzuki Ayumu , Ueda Atsushi , Nishimoto Masazumi , Hishida-Nozaki Yuriko , Vazquez-Ferrer Eric , Sancho-Martinez Ignacio , Carlos Izpisua Belmonte Juan , Okuda Akihiko 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
c-Myc and phosphatidylinositol 3-OH kinase (PI3K) both participate in diverse cellular processes, including cell cycle control and tumorigenic transformation. They also contribute to preserving embryonic stem cell (ESC) characteristics. However, in spite of the vast knowledge, the molecular relationship between c-Myc and PI3K in ESCs is not known. Herein, we demonstrate that c-Myc and PI3K function cooperatively but independently to support ESC self-renewal when murine ESCs are cultured under conventional culture condition. Interestingly, culture of ESCs in 2i-condition including a GSK3β and MEK inhibitor renders both PI3K and Myc signaling dispensable for the maintenance of pluripotent properties. These results suggest that the requirement for an oncogenic proliferation-dependent mechanism sustained by Myc and PI3K is context dependent and that the 2i-condition liberates ESCs from the dependence of this mechanism. Stem Cells 2015;33:713–725
Development of a screening and recruitment registry to facilitate perinatal depression research in obstetrics settings in the USA
Authors: Allbaugh Lucy J. , Marcus Sheila M. , Ford Eleanor C. , Flynn Heather A. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo create a multi‐site registry to enable future large‐scale studies of perinatal depression among women attending obstetrics clinics in the USA.MethodsA screening and recruitment registry was developed that included women aged at least 18 years who attended seven obstetric clinics in the University of Michigan Health System (Ann Arbor, MI, USA) for prenatal care between September 8, 2008, and June 9, 2011. Participants completed depression screening and research recruitment materials.ResultsOf 4745 women who returned a screening form, 2983 had completed it, giving an overall agreement rate of 62.9%. A total of 630 participants were enrolled into ten research studies via the registry. Among the 2982 women for whom scores on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were available, 494 (16.6%) fell within the at‐risk range or had scores suggestive of clinical depression.ConclusionThe present registry could improve detection of perinatal depression symptoms and potentially serve as a model for dissemination and implementation at other sites with an interest in studying factors linked to perinatal depression.
The relation of sexual dysfunction to depression and anxiety in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Özcan Tuba , Benli Erdal , Demir Esra Yancar , Özer Feriha , Kaya Yasemin , Haytan Canan Erol 
Published: November 2014

ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to find out whether sexual dysfunction in patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) was associated to PD-related disability and whether this relationship was modulated by depressive and anxiety symptoms.MethodsEighty-nine consecutive patients with idiopathic PD who attended to our movement disorders outpatient clinics between January 2011 and June 2014 were included in this study. The diagnosis of PD was confirmed by a movement disorders specialists in Neurology, according to UK Parkinson’s Disease Society Brain Bank Criteria. The Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor was used to assess motor disability and Hoehn and Yahr stage (H&Y) was used to establish disease severity. Cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination. Patients were also administered the Hamilton depression (HAMD) and anxiety (HAMA) rating scales. The sexual functions of the patients were rated by applying the Turkish version of the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX).ResultsThe mean age at the time of the study visit was 67.74±9.05. Male/female ratio was 1.87. Mean UPDRS total was 29.06±13.96 and mean UPDRS motor was 17.62±9.07. Mean HAMD score was 13.92±10.86, 58.4% of the patients had minor or major depression; and mean HAMA score was 7.94±6.49, 56.2% of the patients had minor or major anxiety. The mean ASEX score was 18.54±7.27 out of a maximum of 30. ASEX total scores were correlated with age, H&Y stage and HAMA scores. Age and also age at onset were correlated with ASEX subdomains except sexual desire. There was no correlation between disease duration and ASEX subdomains. UPDRS motor score was correlated with erection/lubrication. HAMD was only correlated with orgasm satisfaction. HAMA score was correlated with stimulation and orgasm.ConclusionIn patients with PD, there may be a common factor that modulates both depression, anxiety and sexual function. Further studies are needed to clarify the exact relationship.