bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Not to Kill to Death»: On Corporal Punishment in the Church (Experience of Metropolitan John II’s Commentary on Recommendation 7 of the Canonical Answers)
Authors: Гайденко Павел 
Published: August 2024

7 правило Канонических ответов митрополита Иоанна II — одно из самых неоднозначных. Направленное против колдовства и знахарства, оно допускало использование в отношении виновных жестоких наказаний, включая нанесение увечий. Объясняя право церкви на применение столь суровых взысканий, правило делало отсылку к церковным нормам, которые, действительно предполагали таковую суровость. Однако сопоставление древнерусского текста с греческим вариантом демонстрирует, что сделанный древнерусским книжником перевод не только неверно излагает некоторые положения, высказанные митрополитом, но и предлагает диаметрально противоположный смысл, искажая изложенное митрополитом. В исходном варианте русский первоиерарх исходил из принципов христианского милосердия и запрещал (в греческом варианте) в отношении согрешивших телесные наказания, как чуждые церковному духу.
Rule 7 of the Canonical Answers of Metropolitan John II is one of the most ambiguous. Directed against witchcraft and sorcery, it allowed the use of cruel punishments, including mutilation, against the guilty. Explaining the right of the church to apply such severe penalties, the rule made reference to the church norms, which indeed presupposed such severity. However, a comparison of the Old Russian text with the Greek version demonstrates that the translation made by the Old Russian scribe not only incorrectly states some of the provisions expressed by the metropolitan, but also offers a diametrically opposite meaning, distorting what was stated by the metropolitan. In the original version, the Russian hierarch proceeded from the principles of Christian mercy and forbade (in the Greek version) corporal punishment of sinners as alien to the Church spirit.
Evolution of Female Desire and Fantasy in Bollywood Cinema: Perspectives from Male and Female Directors in the Post-Liberalization Era
Authors: Mistri Shrinwanti , Dasgupta Roudrajjal 
Published: August 2024

The camaraderie between cinema and fantasy has a prolonged story, as one escalates the other. Since echoes of 'sexual fantasies’ and ‘gaze’ in cinema have been primarily celebrated and fantasized through patriarchal prisms, Bollywood and female desire have historically been fraught with challenges. However, Bollywood cinema has lately been undergoing significant landscape twists by featuring female fantasies in a bold and progressive manner at the forefront of narratives. In light of this, drawing from theoretical perspectives on the male gaze and psychoanalytic feminism, this paper will examine the evolving representations of female desire, fantasy and sexuality in contemporary Bollywood cinema. Through a nuanced analysis of nine key Bollywood films from 1996 to 2023, this paper will compare male and female directors' approaches to the male gaze when depicting female desire and sexuality on screen, examining how filmmakers' personal perspectives shape cinematic portrayals. It will also consider how economic liberalization affected the representation of female sexual desires and fantasies in Bollywood cinema, emphasizing the intersection of culture, economics, and gender in Indian popular culture. To conclude, this paper will illuminate how Bollywood cinema has become a powerful platform for the exploration of female desire and fantasy, serving as a catalyst for social change and challenging conventional gender norms in contemporary Indian society.
Itihasam of/as Legend: Time, Space, and Narrative Consciousness in The Legends of Khasak
Authors: Dutta Srinjoyee , Gogoi Arnav 
Published: August 2024

Truth is light splintered through a prism and that gave me the idea of the astrophysicist who turns away from the outer universe to the space within.
V. Vijayan, ‘Afterword’, The Legends of Khasak
The Legends of Khasak (1969) by O.V. Vijayan has enjoyed a cult readership in the Indian subcontinent. The dominant critical or scholarly strain has been to read it as a literary symptom of the postcolonial imaginary. However, this has restricted the thematic potentialities of the text. While it employs the conventional postcolonial contestation between modernity and tradition as its framework, it far exceeds the binary in the forging of a novel consciousness and form. Using this as the theoretical springboard, the paper will attempt an exploration of Vijayan’s revisioning of the postmodern novel through the reconfiguration of the coordinates of time and space. This reconfiguration occurs through the lens of magic realism in so far as the experience of space – or Khasak as a site of the legendary – is conditioned by the experience of time. The aim of the paper is to look at the protagonist Ravi and his experience of the liminal boundary between history and myth, and the concomitant form of the novel through its reconceptualization of the Eurocentric theoretical paradigms of novelistic and epic time. This anticipates the emergence of a new spatio-temporal and narrative consciousness symptomatic of the fragmentary postcolonial condition.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PERSUASIF OVO DALAM PANDEMI COVID-19 MELALUI INSTAGRAM @OVO_ID
Authors: Rambe Ira Hasianna 
Published: August 2024

The internet technology currently in demand is Instagram. This technology is able to provide and as a medium of information as fast as lightning with a blend of video, audio and visual. So it attracts the audience to use Instagram. In the current condition of the COVID-19 pandemic, Instagram is able to be a place for sharing information and being a marketing medium. As done by OVO. Companies in the field of fintech, which are incessantly using social media Instagram as a product marketing media. OVO first posted the "Myths About Corona Virus" during the COVID-19 pandemic. So the purpose of this study is to describe the ovo persuasive communication strategy in the COVID-19 pandemic through Instagram @ovo_id. This study uses persuasive communication theory with qualitative research methods. The findings of this study show that: firstly the credibility of the information provided by OVO was confirmed by trusted online newspaper media and official government media related to COVID-19, secondly the attitudes given by the audience towards followers posting "Myths About Corona Virus", based on cognitive attitudes, the third form of persuasive communication used by OVO is advertising. The consequence of this research finding is that it is necessary to consider using clickbait in the title of the post during the current COVID-19 pandemic conditions, where COVID-19 is a new virus so information about COVID-19 is needed.Teknologi internet yang saat ini diganderungi yaitu instagram. Teknologi ini mampu memberikan dan sebagai media informasi secepat kilat dengan perpaduan video, audio dan visual. Sehingga menarik khalayak untuk menggunakan instagram. Pada kondisi saat sekarang ini pandemi COVID-19, instagram mampu menjadi wadah untuk sharing informasi serta menjadi media pemasaran. Seperti yang dilakukan oleh OVO. Perusahaan dibidang fintech, yang sedang gencar-gencarnya menggunakan media sosial instagram sebagai media pemasaran produk. OVO memposting pertama kali mengenai “Mitos Seputar Virus Corona” disaat pandemi COVID-19. Sehingga tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan strategi komunikasi persuasif ovo dalam pandemi COVID-19 melalui instagram @ovo_id. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori komunikasi persuasive dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Temuan dari penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa: pertama kredibilitas informasi yang diberikan oleh OVO terkonfirmasi oleh media koran online terpercaya dan media resmi pemerintahan terkait COVID-19, kedua sikap yang diberikan oleh khalyak (followers) terhadap postingan “Mitos Seputar Virus Corona”, berdasarkan sikap kognitif, ketiga bentuk komunkasi persuasif yang digunakan oleh OVO yaitu iklan. Konsekuensi dari temuan penelitian ini yaitu perlu pertimbangan untuk menggunakan clickbait pada judul postingan pada saat kondisi pandemi COVID-19 seperti saat sekarang ini, yang mana COVID-19 merupakan virus baru sehingga informasi mengenai COVID-19 sangat dibutuhkan.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) PADA TEMA 5 SUBTEMA 1 PERJUANGAN PARA PAHLAWAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DI KELAS IV SDN NUSA AMBU KABUPATEN HALMAHERA TIMUR
Authors: Idris Nabila F , Abdullah Suhardi , Wulandari Selvi , Pamuti Pamuti 
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengetahui proses pengunaan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada tema 5 subtema 1 Perjuangan Para Pahlawan di kelas IV SDN Nusa Ambu Kabupaten Halmahera Timur (2) untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dalam model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada tema 5 subtema 1 Perjuangan Para Pahlawan di kelas IV SDN Nusa Ambu Kabupaten Halmahera Timur. menggunakan siklus yang terdiri dari 4 tahap, yaitu perencanaan (planning), tindakan (acting), observasi (observing), dan refleksi (reflecting).Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada siklus I bahwa hasil belajar siswa pada materi perjuangan para pahlawan terdapat 3 siswa yang tuntas atau 30%. Siswa yang dinyatakan tidak tuntas sebanyak 7 siswa atau 70% hal ini membuktikan bahwa pelaksanaan pada siklus I belum berhasil atau belum meningkat yang sesuai dengan perencanaan yang telah ditetapkan. pada siklus II terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar siswa diantaranya dari 10 siswa mengikuti proses belajar mengajar terdapat 9 siswa yg tuntas atau 90% yang di katakan berhasil mecapai KKM, sedangkan siswa yang tidak tuntas terdapat 1 orang atau 10%. Dengan demikian model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dapat meningkatkan kemampuan belajar siswa di kelas IV SDN Nusa Ambu Kabupaten Halmahera Timur. Kata Kunci : Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL), Hasil Belajar, Subtema 1 Perjuangan Para Pahlawan.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA POP-UP BOOK MATERI DAUR HIDUP HEWAN UNTUK SISWA KELAS IV SD NEGERI 56 KOTA TERNATE
Authors: Nadra Wawan Suprianto , Hady Darmawati Hady , Harnin Wa Ode 
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kriteria valid, kriteria praktis, dan mengetahui keefektifan pengembangan media pop-up book materi daur hidup hewan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 56 Kota Ternate. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan Borg dan Gall yang dimodifikasi oleh Sugiyono dan penelitian ini dibatasi sampai pada langkah keenam yaitu potensi dan masalah, pengumpulan data, desain produk, validasi desain, revisi desain, dan uji coba produk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh nilai dari validator ahli media 81,25%, validator ahli materi diperoleh nilai 91,67%, sehingga dinyatakan memenuhi kriteria valid dan layak digunakan. Untuk nilai keparaktisan dari media pop-up book diperoleh nilai 93,33% dan nilai 84,89% diperoleh dari respon siswa, sehingga media dinyatakan memenuhi kriteria praktis dan layak untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran. Kemudian, nilai keefektifan diperoleh dari nilai rata-rata hasil tes pretest sebesar 73 dan tes posttest diperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 85 dari KKM ≥70, sehingga media pop-up book dinyatakan memenuhi kriteria efektif yang diperoleh dari nilai rata-rata hasil tes tertinggi sebesar 85 dari 33 siswa. Dengan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan media pop-up book materi daur hidup hewan untuk siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 56 Kota Ternate dapat dinyatakan sebagai media yang telah memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran oleh guru dan siswa. Kata Kunci: Media, Pop-Up Book, Daur Hidup Hewan
The Potential Activity of Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) Leaf, Flower, and Stem Extracts on the Duration of Wound Healing in Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Zunnita Oktaviana , Moerfiah . , Apriana Rinal 
Published: August 2024

Wound is skin tissue damage due to trauma from a sharp object. Kecombrang flower extract is known to be effective in speeding up the healing of wounds because it contains flavonoids, saponins, tannins and steroids. The leaves and stems also contain these compounds, so this research was conducted to see the difference in the potential activity of the wound healing process of the kecombrang plant on the time of wound healing. Natural ingredient extracts are wound healing agents that can fight infection and speed up wound healing. This study used 5 treatment groups consisting of control (-) distilled water, control (+) Povidone Iodine 10 %, leaf extract 10 %, flower extract 10 %, and stem extract 10 %. The parameters observed were the length of the wound and the condition of the wound until the wound healed. The obtained data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA for complately randomized factorial designed. The results of the research show that extracts of kecombrang leaves, flowers, and stems have activity in accelerating the healing process of cut wounds and produce different effects on healing time. Wound healing time for leaf extract is 12 days, flower extract and stem extract is 10 days. The conclusion of this study shows that there is a very real difference in wound healing from treatment with the best treatment for wound healing is the flower extract with highest healing score of 6.42.
Aphrodisiaca Activity of Momordica charantia L. and Areca catechu L. Ethanolic Extract Againts Blood Pressure and Body Weight of White Mile Rats
Authors: Sofia Vivi , Aji Abisyahdan Satria 
Published: August 2024

Advances in the discovery of herbal medicine and the increasing popularity of traditional medicines have made accessto traditional medicines in the market increasingly easier. Bitter melon and areca nut are known to have many benefits and potential as natural medicine. Previous studies has shown the aphrodisiac effects of these two natural ingredients. This research aimed to determine the additional effects, particularly on blood pressure and body weight of rats, when bitter melon and areca nut are administered as aphrodisiacs. Test animal retrieval techniques based on complete randomized design (RAL). Blood pressure was measured using the CODA® instrument on 25 white rats divided into 5 treatment groups, namely the control group (CMC Na 0.5 % 0.5 % w/v), the bitter melon extract group at a dose of 280 mg / kg BW, the areca nut extract group at a dose of 50 mg/kg 50 mg / kg BW, the mixed bitter melon and areca nut extracts group (1: 1), and the X-Gra® group. Blood pressure profiles measured included systolic and diastolic blood as well as changes in rat body weight before and after treatment. The results of the study of systole and diastole blood pressure parameters and rat body weight in groups I, II, III, IV, V analyzed using the Tukey HSD method obtained results that were not significantly different (sig 0.05) in all groups. Based on this study, it was concluded that the aphrodisiac activity of bitter melon and areca nut seeds did not significantly influence changes in blood pressure, systole and diastole, and body weight rats.
Gamma-delta T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia in the setting of rheumatologic diseases
Authors: Gorodetskiy Vadim , Sidorova Yulia , Biderman Bella , Kupryshina Natalia , Ryzhikova Natalya , Sudarikov Andrey 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundT-cell leukemia originating from large granular lymphocytes (T-LGL leukemia) is a rare lymphoid neoplasia characterized by clonal proliferation of large granular T lymphocytes expressing αβ or γδ T-cell receptor (TCR) on the cell membrane. γδT-LGL leukemia, accounting for approximately 17% of all T-LGL leukemia cases, is associated with autoimmune diseases. However, the features of γδT-LGL leukemia in patients with rheumatologic diseases are still insufficiently characterized.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 15 patients with rheumatologic disease-associated γδT-LGL leukemia were included. The patients were obtained from a single center from 2008 to 2023. Data related to clinical characteristics and rheumatologic diagnoses were collected. Immunophenotype evaluations as well as T-lymphocyte clonality (based on TCR-γ, TCR-β, and TCR-δ gene rearrangements), and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) three and STAT5B mutation analyses (by next-generation sequencing) were performed on blood, bone marrow, and spleen samples.ResultsAll but one patient had rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In 36% of patients, manifestations of γδT-LGL leukemia were present before or concurrently with clinical manifestations of RA. Splenomegaly was observed in 60% of patients and neutropenia (&lt;1.5 × 109/L) was detected in 93% of cases. CD4−/CD8− and CD4−/CD8+ subtypes were detected in seven cases each. Mutations in STAT3 were detected in 80% of patients; however, STAT5B mutations were not detected. Evaluations of T-cell clonality and variant allele frequencies at STAT3 in the blood, bone marrow, and spleen tissue revealed an unusual variant of CD4−/CD8− γδT-LGL leukemia with predominant involvement of the spleen, involvement of the bone marrow to a less extent, and no tumor cells in peripheral blood.ConclusionThe mechanism by which γδT-LGL leukemia may induce the development of RA in some patients requires further investigation. Cases of RA-associated γδT-LGL leukemia with neutropenia and splenomegaly but no detectable tumor-associated lymphocytes in peripheral blood (the so-called splenic variant of T-LGL leukemia) are difficult to diagnose and may be misdiagnosed as Felty syndrome or hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma.
Structural and kinetic characterization of DUSP5 with a Di-phosphorylated tripeptide substrate from the ERK activation loop
Authors: Imhoff Andrea , Sweeney Noreena L. , Bongard Robert D. , Syrlybaeva Raulia , Gupta Ankan , Del Carpio Edgar , Talipov Marat R. , Garcia-Keller Costanza , Crans Debbie C. , Ramchandran Ramani , Sem Daniel S. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Dual specific phosphatases (DUSPs) are mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) regulators, which also serve as drug targets for treating various vascular diseases. Previously, we have presented mechanistic characterizations of DUSP5 and its interaction with pERK, proposing a dual active site.Methods: Herein, we characterize the interactions between the DUSP5 phosphatase domain and the pT-E-pY activation loop of ERK2, with specific active site assignments. We also report the full NMR chemical shift assignments of DUSP5 that now enable chemical shift perturbation and dynamics studies.Results and Discussion: Both phosphates of the pT-E-pY tripeptide are dephosphorylated, based on 31P NMR; but, steady state kinetic studies of the tripeptide both as a substrate and as an inhibitor indicate a preference for binding and dephosphorylation of the phospho-tyrosine before the phospho-threonine. Catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) is 3.7 M−1S−1 for T-E-pY vs 1.3 M−1S−1 for pT-E-Y, although the diphosphorylated peptide (pT-E-pY) is a better substrate than both, with kcat/Km = 18.2 M−1S−1 . Steady state inhibition studies with the pNPP substrate yields Kis values for the peptide inhibitors of: 15.82 mM (pT-E-Y), 4.932 mM (T-E-pY), 1.672 mM (pT-E-pY). Steady state inhibition studies with pNPP substrate and with vanadate or phosphate inhibitors indicated competitive inhibition with Kis values of 0.0006122 mM (sodium vanadate) and 17.32 mM (sodium phosphate), similar to other Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases with an active site cysteine nucleophile that go through a five-coordinate high energy transition state or intermediate. Molecular dynamics (MD) studies confirm preferential binding of the diphosphorylated peptide, but with preference for binding the pY over the pT reside in the catalytic site proximal to the Cys263 nucleophile. Based on MD, the monophosphorylated peptide binds tighter if phosphorylated on the Tyr vs the Thr. And, if the starting pose of the docked diphosphorylated peptide has pT in the catalytic site, it will adjust to have the pY in the catalytic site, suggesting a dynamic shifting of the peptide orientation. 2D 1H-15N HSQC chemical shift perturbation studies confirm that DUSP5 with tripeptide bound is in a dynamic state, with extensive exchange broadening observed—especially of catalytic site residues. The availability of NMR chemical shift assignments enables additional future studies of DUSP5 binding to the ERK2 diphosphorylated activation loop.Summary: These studies indicate a preference for pY before pT binding, but with ability to bind and dephosphorylate both residues, and with a dynamic active site pocket that accommodates multiple tripeptide orientations.
Variations in methylmercury contamination levels and associated health risks in different fish species across three coastal bays in China
Authors: Liu Tao , An Mingming , Chen Jingrui , Liu Yuanyuan , Chao Le , Liu Jichen , Zhang Mingliang 
Published: August 2024

The growing atmospheric mercury (Hg) emissions in China have raised ongoing concerns regarding contamination in marine fish. To better understand the pollution patterns and associated risks, we examined methylmercury (MeHg) content in demersal and pelagic fish from four commonly found families in three geographically distinct bays along the Chinese coast. We identified significant spatial variations in MeHg levels within the same fish family across regions. Specifically, fish collected from the Beibu Gulf in the South China Sea consistently exhibited significantly higher MeHg levels compared to those from the Laizhou Bay in the Northeast and/or Haizhou Bay in the East of China. In contrast, MeHg levels in fish collected from Haizhou Bay consistently remained the lowest. Within each region, we observed significantly higher MeHg concentrations in demersal species compared to pelagic species. This trend was particularly evident in fish species including bartail flathead (Platycephalus indicus), small-scale tongue sole (Cynoglossus microlepis) and greater lizardfish (Saurida tumbil) from the Beibu Gulf (0.50, 0.21, and 0.18 mg/kg dw, respectively), as well as bartail flathead and slender lizardfish (Saurida elongata) from Laizhou Bay (0.09 and 0.12 mg/kg dw, respectively). By comparison, MeHg content in silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus) from all three regions consistently remained relatively lower than in other species. Using target hazardous quotient (THQ) calculations, we estimated potential health risks in local populations associated with the consumption of the studied fish species. Our results showed a lack of apparent health risks to local residents, as all THQ values obtained from the three regions fell within the safe limits (0.02–0.94). However, it remains important to conduct additional assessments and spatiotemporal monitoring that encompass a broader range of species and regions.