bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of secondary prophylaxis versus episodic treatment on the range of motion of target joints in patients with haemophilia
Authors: Gupta Sweta , Siddiqi Azfar‐E‐Alam , Soucie J. Michael , Manco‐Johnson Marilyn , Kulkarni Roshni , Lane Heidi , Ingram‐Rich Robina , Gill Joan C. ,   Joint Outcomes Committee of Universal Data Collection and the Hemophilia Treatment Centres Network
Published: February 2013

SummaryThis study prospectively compared the effect of secondary prophylaxis to episodic treatment on target joint (TJ) range of motion (ROM), number of joint haemorrhages and new TJ development in patients with moderate or severe haemophilia. Two‐hundred and eighty‐six males, 17% in prophylaxis, 83% in episodic treatment group, participating in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Universal Data Collection project, fulfilled inclusion criteria: age >2 years at enrolment, free of TJs at enrolment, developed at least one TJ after enrolment, and received either prophylaxis or episodic treatment continuously for two follow‐up visits after TJ development. The outcomes of interest – percentage change in TJ ROM, number of joint haemorrhages and new TJ development, were modelled using multivariate linear, Poisson and logistic regression techniques respectively. Individuals who received secondary prophylaxis in comparison to episodic treatment were younger at TJ development (P < 0·01); there was no difference in the decrease in TJ ROM between the two groups (P = 0·9). Factors significantly associated with a higher rate of haemarthroses included episodic treatment, severe haemophilia, age >5 years at TJ development, obesity and inhibitor negative status. Secondary prophylaxis significantly decreased haemarthroses but was not associated with a significant improvement in TJ ROM or with new TJ development.
Lack of predictive correlation between peripheral arterial tone and colour flow Doppler parameters in men with erectile dysfunction
Authors: Seager Catherine M. , Li Jianbo , Shoskes Daniel A. 
Published: February 2013

Objective
To evaluate whether peripheral arterial tone (PAT) can predict the results of penile colour flow Doppler in the evaluation of erectile dysfunction (ED).
Patients and Methods
Fifty men presenting to an ED clinic were tested with an Endo‐PAT2000 machine (Itamar Medical, Caesarea, Israel), which assessed augmentation index (AI), a measure of arterial stiffness, and reactive hyperaemia index (RHI), a measure of endothelial vasodilatation.
Penile haemodynamics were measured and used to identify both arterial insufficiency (abnormal peak systolic velocity [PSV]) and veno‐occlusive disease (abnormal end diastolic velocity [EDV]) after pharmacological erection with prostaglandin E1 using colour flow Doppler.
Between‐group comparisons were carried out using a Wilcoxon rank‐sum test for continuous variables and a chi‐squared test for categorical variables. Simple and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to analyse the correlation between outcome measures.
Results
Using Doppler analysis, 58% of patients were found to have arterial insufficiency (abnormal PSV) and 48% had veno‐occlussive disease (abnormal EDV).
Using the Endo‐PAT machine, 44% of patients were found to have increased arterial stiffness (abnormal AI) and 54% had decreased endothelial relaxation (abnormal RHI).
Neither AI nor RHI were correlated with PSV or EDV. The closest association was between high AI and low PSV, with a sensitivity of 0.55 and specificity of 0.71.
Conclusions
In our patient cohort, PAT did not reliably predict the results of penile Doppler.
The two tests appear to measure different although potentially complementary aspects of the local and systemic vasculature.
Seed Dispersal in the Dark: Shedding Light on the Role of Fruit Bats in Africa
Authors: Seltzer Carrie E. , Ndangalasi Henry J. , Cordeiro Norbert J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn spite of their recognized importance as seed dispersers in other parts of the tropics, seed dispersal by fruit bats has received scant research attention in Africa. To evaluate the role of African fruit bats in seed dispersal, we studied fruits and seeds below 480 bat feeding roosts in the East Usambara Mountains of Tanzania. We compared these findings to those reported in other African localities to place our results in a broader context. We found 49 plant species dispersed by bats: 28 species, 18 genera, and one family are novel reports of bat dispersal in Africa. Approximately 20 percent of the submontane tree flora of the East Usambaras is bat‐dispersed, including both widespread and endemic trees. African fruit bats are important seed dispersers at our study site because they move seeds of dozens of species tens or hundreds of meters, even seeds that are too large to ingest (greater than 5 mm in length). Fruit bats are likely important seed dispersers in other Afrotropical forests, as bats elsewhere in Africa are known to consume 20 genera and 16 species of plants reported here. Insights from studying remains under bat feeding roosts offer a simple method to further document and substantially increase our understanding of the role of African fruit bats in seed dispersal.
Potential for evolutionary responses to climate change – evidence from tree populations
Authors: Alberto Florian J. , Aitken Sally N. , Alía Ricardo , González‐Martínez Santiago C. , Hänninen Heikki , Kremer Antoine , Lefèvre François , Lenormand Thomas , Yeaman Sam , Whetten Ross , Savolainen Outi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractEvolutionary responses are required for tree populations to be able to track climate change. Results of 250 years of common garden experiments show that most forest trees have evolved local adaptation, as evidenced by the adaptive differentiation of populations in quantitative traits, reflecting environmental conditions of population origins. On the basis of the patterns of quantitative variation for 19 adaptation‐related traits studied in 59 tree species (mostly temperate and boreal species from the Northern hemisphere), we found that genetic differentiation between populations and clinal variation along environmental gradients were very common (respectively, 90% and 78% of cases). Thus, responding to climate change will likely require that the quantitative traits of populations again match their environments. We examine what kind of information is needed for evaluating the potential to respond, and what information is already available. We review the genetic models related to selection responses, and what is known currently about the genetic basis of the traits. We address special problems to be found at the range margins, and highlight the need for more modeling to understand specific issues at southern and northern margins. We need new common garden experiments for less known species. For extensively studied species, new experiments are needed outside the current ranges. Improving genomic information will allow better prediction of responses. Competitive and other interactions within species and interactions between species deserve more consideration. Despite the long generation times, the strong background in quantitative genetics and growing genomic resources make forest trees useful species for climate change research. The greatest adaptive response is expected when populations are large, have high genetic variability, selection is strong, and there is ecological opportunity for establishment of better adapted genotypes.
Forage yield components and classification of common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) cultivars of diverse geographic origin
Authors: Mikić A. , Mihailović V. , Ćupina B. , Milić D. , Katić S. , Karagić Đ. , Pataki I. , D'Ottavio P. , Kraljević‐Balalić M. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractConventional breeding programmes on common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) are based on knowledge of relationships between forage yield components and economically important characteristics. To improve this knowledge, a small‐plot trial was carried out in 2005 and 2006 at Rimski Šančevi, Serbia, with fourteen common vetch accessions from the Novi Sad Vicia collection of diverse geographic origin and collection status. Results showed significant variability in forage yield components and related characteristics. Two‐year average values of forage dry matter (DM) yield ranged from 8·0 t ha−1 (cvs. Armantes and Labari) to 10·2 t ha−1 (cv. Slavej). The highest 2‐year average concentration of crude protein (CP) was for cv. Armantes (239 g kg−1 DM). Highly significant positive genetic correlation coefficients were found between time from sowing to first flowering and main stem length (0·938) and between number of stems per plant and CP content in the forage DM (0·910). Significant positive phenotypic correlation coefficients were detected between main stem length and time from sowing to first flowering (0·830). A cluster analysis showed four main groups of cultivars based on the recorded forage yield components and related characteristics. It is concluded that common vetch represents a stable and reliable source of protein‐rich forage for regions such as the Balkans area of SE Europe. Genetic variability within common vetch and knowledge of the tested cultivars offer a basis for further improvement and developing novel cultivars.
The Role of Adenosine Following Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Patients Undergoing Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review
Authors: MCLELLAN ALEX J.A. , KUMAR SAURABH , SMITH CATHERINE , MORTON JOSEPH B. , KALMAN JONATHAN M. , KISTLER PETER M. 
Published: February 2013

A Systematic Review of Adenosine in AF Ablation IntroductionPulmonary vein reconnection is a major limitation of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF). Adenosine may unmask dormant PV conduction and facilitate consolidation of PV isolation.We performed a systematic review of the literature to determine the impact of routine adenosine administration on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing PVI.MethodsReferences and electronic databases reporting AF ablation and adenosine following PVI were searched through to 31 July 2012. Six studies included 544 patients to assess the impact of catheter ablation to target adenosine‐induced PV reconnection on AF ablation outcome and 3 studies included 612 patients to assess the impact of adenosine testing on AF ablation outcome. Relative risks were calculated and combined in a meta‐analysis using random effects modeling.ResultsRoutine adenosine testing for PV reconnection with additional targeted ablation resulted in a significant increase in freedom from AF post‐PVI (RR 1.25; 95% CI 1.12–1.40; P < 0.001). However, within the group of patients undergoing adenosine testing, those with reconnection identified a population with a trend to reduction in freedom from AF despite the use of further targeted ablation in the reconnection group (RR 0.91 with 95% CI 0.81–1.03; P = 0.15).ConclusionRoutine adenosine testing is associated with an improvement in freedom from AF post‐PVI. Paradoxically acute adenosine‐induced PV reconnection may portend a greater likelihood of AF recurrence despite additional ablation. Randomized controlled trials are required to determine the role of adenosine testing post‐PVI.
The molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B in the Indigenous people of northern Australia
Authors: Davies Jane , Littlejohn Margaret , Locarnini Stephen A , Whiting Sarah , Hajkowicz Krispin , Cowie Benjamin C , Bowden David S , Tong Steven Y C , Davis Joshua S 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackground and AimThe hepatitis B surface antigen was first described in the blood of an Indigenous Australian man, yet little is known about its molecular epidemiology in this population, in which it is endemic. The study aimed to determine the clinical and molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Indigenous people from northern Australia.MethodsFollowing ethics approval and informed consent, blood specimens and clinical details from Indigenous adults known to be infected with HBV and who were born and raised in Indigenous communities in northern Australia were obtained. HBV genotypes were determined in isolates with sufficient HBV DNA by polymerase chain reaction by sequencing of the polymerase/surface gene.ResultsBetween June 2010 and June 2012, 65 patients were recruited from six different regions of northern Australia. Thirty‐two patients (49%) were hepatitis B e‐antigen‐positive, and 48% were hepatitis B e‐antibody‐positive. No patients were found to be coinfected with hepatitis C virus or human immunodeficiency virus. Of the 49 samples with sufficient viral load for genotyping, 100% were infected with genotype C4, previously only reported from two Indigenous Australians. All isolates had wild‐type polymerase gene sequences despite 14 currently or previously receiving antiviral treatment. The canonical sG145R vaccine‐escape variant was detected in the surface antigen of virus from two patients.ConclusionsThe exclusive HBV genotype in this ancient population is genotype C4. Whole genome sequencing and clinical follow‐up of this cohort are in progress, with the aim of exploring the clinical significance of these findings.
Duodenal bulb biopsy in children for the diagnosis of coeliac disease: Experience from Perth, Australia
Authors: Sharma Ajay , Mews Cathy , Jevon Gareth , Ravikumara Madhur 
Published: February 2013

AimThe study aims to assess the usefulness of duodenal bulb biopsy in the diagnosis of coeliac disease (CD) in a paediatric population.MethodsSince February 2009, in our institution, we have routinely included duodenal bulb biopsy in addition to distal duodenal biopsies in children undergoing diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. All children diagnosed with CD between February 2009 and May 2011 were identified, and those children who had biopsy finding of CD limited to duodenal bulb were reviewed with regard to clinical, serological and histopathological parameters. Duodenal bulb biopsy reports of those children who did not have CD were also reviewed as control group.ResultsA total of 101 children were diagnosed with CD during the study period. The mean age was 8.21 years (±3.63), 33 males and 68 females. There were 8 out of 101 (7.92%) who had histological changes consistent with CD exclusively in the duodenal bulb, with normal histology in the distal duodenum. None of duodenal bulb biopsy was abnormal in the control group.ConclusionsIn some children, diagnostic CD changes may be limited to the duodenal bulb only and hence we recommend that duodenal bulb biopsies be included routinely in children suspected with CD to improve the diagnostic yield.
The Structure of Subjective Well‐being: A Vector Autoregressive Approach
Authors: Binder Martin , Ward Felix 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe use panel vector autoregressions to analyze the underlying structure of changes in subjective well‐being and its coevolution with changes in income, health, worries, marital status and employment status for the German Socio‐Economic Panel (SOEP) data set. We find that positive changes in the named life domains are followed by decreases in subjective well‐being (except for health, which is followed by well‐being increases). Positive changes in well‐being are followed by positive changes in most life domains. We also examine how the structure of subjective well‐being differs with respect to different Big Five personality traits.
Neonatal Lupus Syndrome Associated with Ribonucleoprotein Antibodies
Authors: Heelan Kara , Watson Rosemarie , Collins Sinead M. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractNeonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) is a rare acquired autoimmune disease caused by transplacental transfer of maternal immunoglobulin G antibodies to the fetus. NLE has well‐recognized cutaneous features and may also manifest in other organs. The majority of cases are associated with Ro/SSA and La/SSB antibodies. Neonatal lupus due to antiribonucleoprotein (RNP) antibodies has rarely been reported. On rare occasions RNP has been found in association with other antibodies. We report a case of NLE occurring solely due to RNP antibodies presenting as varicelliform lesions at birth. We recorded the features in our case and 14 additional cases identified in the literature. It is important to recognize that maternal transfer of RNP antibodies may produce the classic cutaneous features of neonatal lupus. The limited case reports of this condition suggest that manifestations are limited to the skin; specifically, there are no reports of cardiac involvement. The long‐term outcome remains unknown. RNP‐positive, Ro/La‐negative NLE seems to represent a different clinical subset of NLE. The recognition of RNP antibody NLE as a benign condition limited to the skin is helpful in planning antenatal care for subsequent pregnancies.
Teaching/Learning Strategies for the Essentials of Baccalaureate Nursing Education for Entry‐Level Community/Public Health Nursing
Authors: Callen Bonnie , Smith Claudia M. , Joyce Barbara , Lutz Jayne , Brown‐Schott Nancy , Block Derryl 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to describe teaching/learning strategies for each of the 15 Essentials of Baccalaureate Nursing Education for Entry‐Level Community/Public Health Nursing (ACHNE, 2009). Carper's ways of knowing serve as foundations for creating classroom and clinical experiences that focus on clinical action with community as client. Each community/public health essential is defined with relevance to community/public health nursing practice. Five teaching/learning strategies have been delineated for each essential with suggestions of teaching resources and/or target population application. Teaching/learning strategies that focus on community as client, population health, and the essential knowledge and competencies of C/PH nursing will help ensure preparation of baccalaureate prepared nurses with knowledge and skills to improve the health of populations.
Nutritional support and functional capacity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Collins Peter F. , Elia Marinos , Stratton Rebecca J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractCurrently, there is confusion about the value of using nutritional support to treat malnutrition and improve functional outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized, controlled trials (RCT) aimed to clarify the effectiveness of nutritional support in improving functional outcomes in COPD. A systematic review identified 12 RCT (n = 448) in stable COPD patients investigating the effects of nutritional support (dietary advice (1 RCT), oral nutritional supplements (10 RCT), enteral tube feeding (1 RCT)) versus control on functional outcomes. Meta‐analysis of the changes induced by intervention found that while respiratory function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s, lung capacity, blood gases) was unresponsive to nutritional support, both inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength (maximal inspiratory mouth pressure +3.86 standard error (SE) 1.89 cm H2O, P = 0.041; maximal expiratory mouth pressure +11.85 SE 5.54 cm H2O, P = 0.032) and handgrip strength (+1.35 SE 0.69 kg, P = 0.05) were significantly improved and associated with weight gains of ≥2 kg. Nutritional support produced significant improvements in quality of life in some trials, although meta‐analysis was not possible. It also led to improved exercise performance and enhancement of exercise rehabilitation programmes. This systematic review and meta‐analysis demonstrates that nutritional support in COPD results in significant improvements in a number of clinically relevant functional outcomes, complementing a previous review showing improvements in nutritional intake and weight.
A novel method of CD34+ cell separation from umbilical cord blood
Authors: Mehrishi J.N. , Bakács Tibor 
Published: February 2013

BackgroundUmbilical cord blood (UCB) is rich in the heavily glycosylated CD34 antigen–bearing hematopoietic stem cells that are valuable for transplantation therapy of malignant and nonmalignant disease. CD34+ cell yields (0.13%‐0.25%‐0.3%) of mononuclear cells (UCMCs) isolated by anti‐CD34 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) on immunomagnetic particles (e.g., Miltenyi particles) are insufficient to treat adults.Study Design and MethodsWe fractionated UCMCs by physicochemical charge‐based methods. Avoiding Miltenyi particles and HESPAN yielded 30 x 106 to 54 x 106 UCMCs/20 mL UCB by Ficoll‐Isopaque for serial depletion fractionation, using nylon wool column (NWC) or direct rosetting with sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) without incubation in the cold.ResultsCD34+ cell yields (approx. 5.12%) were 39 times greater than 0.13% (Korean study, 11,098 UCB units) and 10 to 20 times greater than 0.25% to 0.3% harvested by anti‐CD34 Miltenyi particles. SRBC depletion of most high‐specific‐gravity T cells achieved considerable enrichment of CD34+ and BY55+ cells. Using NWC achieved 2.5‐fold enrichment of CD34+ cells and twofold enrichment of BY55+ cells. Direct SRBC rosetting provided better or higher enrichment of CD34+ cells. Overall CD34+ cell yield in low‐density fraction was more than twice after direct rosetting (38% vs. 16%) in contrast to separation by NWC followed by SRBC rosetting. CD3+ cell yields (by three CD markers) were approximately 8.83%, far below approximately 30 x 107/kg considered acceptable to avoid graft‐versus‐host disease. Natural killer cell yields (CD16+/CD56+ and BY55+/ CD160+) are in perfect agreement.ConclusionsAchieving approximately 5% CD34+ cell yields from single UCB donations, a major advance, holds great promise for CD34+ cell therapy of adults and larger children, and cheaper cultured RBC manufacture.
Contextual variation and Hong Kong English
Authors: CHAN JIM Y. H. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTOne of the decisive factors in Schneider's innovative Dynamic Model for the transition from phase 3 (nativisation) to phase 4 (endonormative stabilisation) for the case of Hong Kong English (HKE) is the parameter of local acceptance. This paper examines the attitudes of young professionals towards native vis‐à‐vis non‐native English accents in a number of English‐speaking contexts in Hong Kong by means of the verbal‐guise technique, focus group discussions and a written task. The findings suggest that many of the participants have the ability to distinguish native speakers’ from non‐native speakers’ accents. Although an Anglophone‐centric attitude is still found to be prominent in high‐stakes English‐using situations, there seems to be a tendency that the less formal and more interactive the communication context, the fewer reservations the participants have about non‐native accents. The correlation analysis indicates a lack of association between the participants’ perceived intelligibility and their preferred accents in nearly all of the designated contexts for the case of HKE and, thus, the paper offers explanations based on the tension between English pronunciation as economic capital and identity carrier in local people's perception. It concludes by discussing the implications of this contextual variation in pronunciation acceptance for future attitudinal studies.
Complete Genome Sequences of Bovine Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 Strain BN-1 and Vaccine Strain BN-CE
Authors: Ohkura Takashi , Kokuho Takehiro , Konishi Misako , Kameyama Ken-ichiro , Takeuchi Kaoru 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV3) is associated with upper respiratory disease in cattle in many countries. Here, we report the complete genome sequences of the BPIV3 BN-1 strain, isolated from cattle in Japan, and the BN-CE vaccine strain, derived from the BN-1 strain by passages in chicken embryo fibroblasts.