bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Rapid Microwave Preparation and ab initio Studies of the Stability of the Complex Noble Metal Oxides La2BaPdO5 and La2BaPtO5.
Authors: Misch Lauren M. , Brgoch Jakoah , Birkel Alexander , Mates Thomas E. , Stucky Galen D. , Seshadri Ram 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared by rapid microwave‐assisted solid‐state synthesis using stoichiometric amounts of La2O3, BaCO3, and Pd(acac)2 or Pt(acac)2 (alumina crucible, 1300 W, 15—20 min).
ChemInform Abstract: C—C Bond Formation via 1,2‐Addition of a tert‐Butylzinc Reagent and Carbonyls Across Conjugated Dienes.
Authors: Ohira Yuki , Hayashi Maya , Mori Takamichi , Onodera Gen , Kimura Masanari 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe catalyst‐free multicomponent reaction of dienes (I) with tert‐butylzinc bromide and an aldehyde (II) leads to a diastereomeric mixture of alcohols (IV) and (V) with predominance of the antiisomer, in general.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold versus Palladium: A Regioselective Cycloisomerization of Aromatic Enynes.
Authors: Aziz Jessy , Frison Gilles , Le Menez Patrick , Brion Jean‐Daniel , Hamze Abdallah , Alami Mouad 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAromatic enynes can be transformed into arylnaphthalenes (II) or benzofulvenes (III) depending on the reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Iodine‐Mediated Domino Reaction for the Synthesis of Benzamides, 2,2‐Diazidobenzofuran‐3(2H)‐ones and Benzoxazolones.
Authors: Rajendar K. , Kant Ruchir , Narender T. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA simple one‐pot protocol allows the conversion of divergent acetophenones and ortho‐hydroxyacetophenones into the title compounds via triiodomethyl ketones as key intermediates.
ChemInform Abstract: A Mild and Efficient Method for Bromination of Alcohols Using α,α‐Dibromo‐β‐dicarbonyl Compounds as Halogen Sources.
Authors: Cui Xiao‐Meng , Guan Yong‐Hong , Li Na , Lv Hao , Fu Lin‐An , Guo Kun , Fan Xiaohui 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIt is demonstrated that α,α‐dibromoacetoacetate can be used as bromine source under neutral conditions for the bromination of primary and secondary alcohols including acid sensitive substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: A Unique Route to Tetrasubstituted Propargylic Amines by Catalytic Markovnikov Hydroamination—Alkynylation.
Authors: Pierce Conor J. , Yoo Hoseong , Larsen Catharine H. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe method allows the direct access to the title compounds from an amine and alkynes via an unusual route involving no carbonyl compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Intermolecular [3 + 2] Carbocyclization of Alkynols and Propiolates: An Efficient Entry to Halo‐Cyclopentadienes.
Authors: Gao Yang , Wu Wanqing , Huang Huawen , Huang Yubing , Jiang Huanfeng 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe title reaction employs simple propargyl alcohols (I) as C3 building block to participate in the cyclization reaction, providing a convenient and atom‐economical entry to the halo‐cyclopentadiene framework.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Generation of a Functionalized Tertiary‐Alkyl Radical for Copper‐Catalyzed Tertiary‐Alkylative Mizoroki—Heck Type Reaction.
Authors: Nishikata Takashi , Noda Yushi , Fujimoto Ryo , Sakashita Tomomi 
Published: April 2014

AbstractFor the first time a Cu‐triamine catalyzed tertiary‐alkylative reaction of a variety of styrenes with functionalized tertiary‐alkyl halides under mild condition is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Hydrazones: Regioselective Synthesis of Highly Branched Dienes.
Authors: Ojha Devi Prasan , Prabhu Kandikere Ramaiah 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThis reaction can also be performed in a one‐pot procedure starting with the corresponding ketones and tosylhydrazone.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitrogen Dioxide‐Catalyzed Electrophilic Iodination of Arenes.
Authors: Ren Yun‐Lai , Shang Huantao , Wang Jianji , Tian Xinzhe , Zhao Shuang , Wang Qian , Li Fuwei 
Published: April 2014

AbstractNitrogen dioxide is demonstrated to be an effective catalyst precursor for the iodination of alkoxy‐substituted benzenes and naphthalenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Study on the Influence of a Sustainable Medium for the Design of Multistep Processes: Three‐Component Synthesis of 2‐Nitroamines.
Authors: Piscopo Calogero G. , Sartori Giovanni , Mayoral Jose A. , Lanari Daniela , Vaccaro Luigi , Maggi Raimondo 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe novel, environmentally friendly method allows the synthesis of 2‐nitroamines from aldehydes, nitroalkanes, and aromatic amines in aqueous methanol in the absence of a catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Regioselective and Chemoselective Titanocene Mediated Barbier‐Type Allylation Reactions.
Authors: Morcillo Sara P. , Martinez‐Peragon Angela , Jakoby Verena , Mota Antonio J. , Kube Christian , Justicia Jose , Cuerva Juan M. , Gansaeuer Andreas 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe authors present the first titanocene(III) complex able to tolerate epoxides while promoting an α‐selective Barbier‐type reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed anti‐Markovnikov Hydrohydrazination of Terminal Alkynes with N‐Alkyl‐ and N,N‐Dialkylhydrazines.
Authors: Fukumoto Yoshiya , Ohmae Akihiro , Hirano Masaya , Chatani Naoto 
Published: April 2014

AbstractTerminal alkynes react with substituted hydrazines in the presence of a rhodium complex to give anti‐Markovnikov aldimine‐type hydrazones preferentially as E‐isomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Cyanation of Aryl Iodides Using DMF and Ammonium Bicarbonate as the Combined Source of Cyanide: A Dual Role of Copper Catalysts.
Authors: Pawar Amit B. , Chang Sukbok 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIt is assumed that copper is involved both in the generation of “CN” units from DMF‐ammonia and in the cyanation of aryl iodides (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Solution‐Phase Microwave Assisted Parallel Synthesis of N,N′‐Disubstituted Thioureas Derived from Benzoic Acid: Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies.
Authors: Rauf Muhammad Khawar , Talib Ammara , Badshah Amin , Zaib Sumera , Shoaib Khurram , Shahid Mohammad , Floerke Ulrich , Imtiaz‐ud‐Din Ulrich , Iqbal Jamshed 
Published: April 2014

Abstract26 Title compounds are prepared and preliminarily screened for their in vitro urease inhibition and antifungal activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I)/N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)‐Catalyzed Addition of Terminal Alkynes to Trifluoromethyl Ketones for Use in Continuous Reactors.
Authors: Correia Camille A. , McQuade D. Tyler , Seeberger Peter H. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe presented batch reaction is translated to a flow process offering a framework for the continuous synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients such as the anti‐HIV drug efavirenz.
ChemInform Abstract: Amination of meso‐Bromoporphyrins and 9‐Haloanthracenes with Diarylamines Catalyzed by a Palladium‐PEPPSI Complex.
Authors: Suzuki Yuko , Fukui Norihito , Murakami Kei , Yorimitsu Hideki , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBulky aryl halides are efficiently aminated by Buchwald‐Hartwig amination with diarylamines in the presence of a Pd‐PEPPSI catalyst (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Radical Cyclizations of Cyclic Ene Sulfonamides Occur with β‐Elimination of Sulfonyl Radicals to Form Polycyclic Imines.
Authors: Zhang Hanmo , Hay E. Ben , Geib Steven J. , Curran Dennis P. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe title reaction affords fused and spirocyclic imines with five‐, six‐ and seven‐membered rings.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of 1‐Azaspiro Frameworks Initiated by Photooxidation of Simple Furans.
Authors: Kalaitzakis Dimitris , Antonatou Eirini , Vassilikogiannakis Georgios 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA range of 1‐azaspirocycles, spiroaminals and 1,6‐diazaspirocycles, are synthesized starting from readily accessible furan precursors using a cascade reaction sequence initiated by singlet oxygen.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Diaryl Aziridines Using Tetrahydrothiophene‐Based Chiral Sulfides as Organocatalysts.
Authors: Huang Meng‐Ting , Wu Hsin‐Yi , Chein Rong‐Jie 
Published: April 2014

AbstractChiral tetrahydrothiophene‐based catalyst is applied for the imino variant of the Corey—Chaykovsky reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Double γ‐Alkylation of Allylic Phosphorus Ylides: A Unique Access to Oxa‐Bicyclic[3.3.0] Diene Skeletons.
Authors: Wang Peng , Liao Saihu , Zhu Jian‐Bo , Tang Yong 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA new ylide‐initiated tandem cyclization reaction based on γ‐dialkylation of allylic ylides (I) is reported affording a series of bicyclic compounds (III) in high yields with perfect diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Dihydrobenzo[b]furans by Diastereoselective Acyloxyarylation.
Authors: Hata Kazuhiro , He Zhiheng , Daniliuc Constantin Gabriel , Itami Kenichiro , Studer Armido 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA highly regio‐ and diastereoselective dearomatizing 2,3‐difunctionalization of benzofurans (I) is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐Iodothiophenes via Iodocyclization of (Z)‐Thiobutenynes.
Authors: Baroni Adriano C. M. , et al. et al. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractVarious 3‐iodothiophenes are synthesized in good to excellent yields and the formation of diiodobutadiene as by‐product can be suppressed.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Mediated One‐Pot Synthesis of Cyclic N‐Substituted Imides.
Authors: Patil Sambhaji V. , Mahale Keshao A. , Gosavi Kirankumar S. , Deshmukh Ganesh B. , Patil Nilesh S. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe yields of the products are not given.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Direct Addition of Diorganozinc Reagents to Phthalimides: Selective Formation of Gamma‐Hydroxylactams.
Authors: Dennis Joseph M. , Calyore Catherine M. , Sjoholm Jessica S. , Lutz J. Patrick , Gair Joseph J. , Johnson Jeffrey B. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThis nickel‐catalyzed protocol allows the selective mono‐addition of diorganozinc reagents to various phthalimides to give 3‐hydroxyisoindolinones.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Conjugate Addition of Nitroalkanes to 3‐Ylidene Oxindoles: A Stereocontrolled Diversity Oriented Route to Oxindole Derivatives.
Authors: Quintavalla Arianna , Lanza Francesco , Montroni Elisa , Lombardo Marco , Trombini Claudio 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe asymmetric Michael addition affords various substituted oxindole derivatives by using a thiourea‐based organocatalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Trifluoromethylation of N‐Arylacrylamides “on Water” at Room Temperature.
Authors: Yang Fang , Klumphu Piyatida , Liang Yong‐Min , Lipshutz Bruce H. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe intramolecular trifluoromethylation of arylacrylamides (I) and (IV) with Langlois′ reagent leads to the formation of oxindole derivatives (III) and (V)/(VI) via a radical process.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Diels—Alder Reactions of Pyrrolo[3,4‐b]indoles. A Synthesis of 4‐Acetamidocarbazoles and an Approach to the Antiostatins.
Authors: Peky Erin T. , Jiang Jun , Gribble Gordon W. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAn efficient and potentially general method for the synthesis of stable 3‐alkyl‐2‐acylpyrrolo[3,4‐b]indoles from skatole is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of 3,4‐Annulated Indoles Through an Organocatalytic Cascade Approach.
Authors: Caruana Lorenzo , Fochi Mariafrancesca , Comes Franchini Mauro , Ranieri Silvia , Mazzanti Andrea , Bernardi Luca 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIndoles (II) and (V) bearing Michael acceptors at the 4‐position are used in enantioselective organocatalytic cascade reactions with enals (III) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Designing and Synthesis of Novel Antimicrobial Heterocyclic Analogues of Fatty Acids.
Authors: Ahmad Aiman , Ahmad Anis , Varshney Himani , Rauf Abdul , Rehan Mohd , Subbarao Naidu , Khan Asad U. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIsoxazole (III) and 4 dihydroisoxazoles of type (V) are prepared and tested for their antimicrobial activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 3‐(Trimethoxyphenyl)‐2(3H)‐thiazole Thiones as Combretastatin Analogues.
Authors: Banimustafa Mandana , Kheirollahi Asma , Safavi Maliheh , Kabudanian Ardestani Sussan , Aryapour Hassan , Foroumadi Alireza , Emami Saeed 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA series of thiazole thione derivatives of type (III) and (VI) are prepared and among them, it is shown that (IIIb) exhibits the highest activity against human cancer cell lines T47D, MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231.
ChemInform Abstract: A Tandem Isomerization/Prins Strategy: Iridium(III)/Broensted Acid Cooperative Catalysis.
Authors: Lombardo Vince M. , Thomas Christopher D. , Scheidt Karl A. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractDifferent types of indoles containing aliphatic allyl ether side chains are investigated as substrates in a tandem isomerization/Prins‐cyclization sequence to give pyran fused indoles in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Guanidine‐Catalyzed γ‐Selective Morita—Baylis—Hillman Reactions on α,γ‐Dialkyl‐allenoates: Access to Densely Substituted Heterocycles.
Authors: Selig Philipp , Turockin Aleksej , Raven William 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe bicyclic guanidine MTBD is shown to be an efficient catalyst for the Morita—Baylis—Hillman reaction of allenoates (I) with aldehydes (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroxylated Polyfunctionalized Benzo[c]coumarins by an Organocatalyzed Tandem 1,4‐Conjugate Addition, Decarboxylation and Aromatization Reaction.
Authors: Talhi Oualid , Makhloufi‐Chebli Malika , Pinto Diana C. G. A. , Hamdi Maamar , Silva Artur M. S. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA simple one‐pot protocol for the title reaction sequence starting from coumarin derivatives (I) and (II) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(II)‐Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition for Pyridine Ring Construction.
Authors: Richard Vincent , Ipouck Melinda , Merel Delphine S. , Gaillard Sylvain , Whitby Richard J. , Witulski Bernhard , Renaud Jean‐Luc 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe products are obtained in lower yields when aromatic nitriles are applied.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of 3‐Benzyl Substituted Pyrimidino Chromen‐2‐ones and Evaluation of anti‐Microbial and anti‐Biofilm Activities.
Authors: Emmadi Narender Reddy , Atmakur Krishnaiah , Bingi Chiranjeevi , Godumagadda Narender Reddy , Kumar Chityal Ganesh , Nanubolu Jagadeesh Babu 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA variety of highly functionalized pyrimidinylmethylchromene derivatives (IV) (22 examples) are synthesized via a one‐pot three‐component reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Iminophosphoranes in Heterocyclic Synthesis: Synthesis of Pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines, Imidazo[1,2‐b]pyrazole and Pyrazolo[1,5‐b][1,2,4]triazine Derivatives via Intermolecular Aza‐Wittig Reactions.
Authors: Raslan Mohamed , Khalil Mohamed , Sayed Samia Mohamed 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIminophosphoranes are used as building blocks in the synthesis of pyrazolopyrimidines [e.g. (III), (XIII)], imidazopyrazole (VII) and pyrazolotriazines (XV).
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Phosphoric Acid‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Aza‐Friedel—Crafts Reaction of Indoles with Cyclic N‐Acylketimines: Enantioselective Synthesis of Trifluoromethyldihydroquinazolines.
Authors: Zhang Ke‐Feng , Nie Jing , Guo Ran , Zheng Yan , Ma Jun‐An 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAn enantioselective aza‐Friedel—Crafts reaction of cyclic N‐acylketimines with electron‐rich arenes is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Unexpected Ring Enlargement of 2‐Hydrazono‐2,3‐dihydro‐1,3‐thiazoles to 1,3,4‐Thiadiazines.
Authors: Pfeiffer Wolf‐Diethard , Ahlers Klaus‐Dieter , Saghyan Ashot S. , Villinger Alexander , Langer Peter 
Published: April 2014

Abstract4‐Methyl‐ and 4‐ethylthiosemicarbazides are investigated as dinucleophilic building blocks in the cyclization reaction with α‐bromoacetophenones.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydrobenzodioxepinones from Epoxides and 2‐Bromophenols via Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylation.
Authors: Li Haoquan , Spannenberg Anke , Neumann Helfried , Beller Matthias , Wu Xiao‐Feng 
Published: April 2014

AbstractEthyl 3‐phenyloxirane‐2‐carboxylate does not react to the desired 2,3‐disubstituted product.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐ and Rhodium‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Silylations of C(sp3)—H Bonds Adjacent to a Nitrogen Atom Using Hydrosilanes.
Authors: Mita Tsuyoshi , Michigami Kenichi , Sato Yoshihiro 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIn the presence of iridium or rhodium catalysts, C(sp3)—H bonds adjacent to a nitrogen atom are silylated by the aid of a pyridine‐directing group.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluations of a Series of Novel Azolyl, Azinyl, Pyranyl, Chromonyl and Azepinyl Phosphonates.
Authors: Ali Tarik E. , Abdel‐Aziz Salah A. , El‐Edfawy Somaya M. , Mohamed El‐Hossain A. , Abdel‐Kariem Somaia M. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAmong the tested compounds, derivative (XVIIa) is most effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis and derivative (XVIIb) shows the best activities against Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus.
ChemInform Abstract: An Approach to Benzophosphole Oxides Through Silver‐ or Manganese‐Mediated Dehydrogenative Annulation Involving C—C and C—P Bond Formation.
Authors: Unoh Yuto , Hirano Koji , Satoh Tetsuya , Miura Masahiro 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIt is demonstrated that Ag‐mediated dehydrogenative coupling of arylphosphine oxides with internal alkynes produces benzophosphole oxides in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Photochromic Bis‐1,3‐diazabicyclo[3.1.0]hex‐3‐ene Derivatives Having a Bisindole Linkage.
Authors: Mahmoodi N. O. , Ghavidast A. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractNew photochromic bis‐1,3‐diazabicyclo[3.1.0]hex‐3‐ene derivatives (III) (6 examples) are synthesized which form deeply colored, relatively stable ylides under UV irradiation.
ChemInform Abstract: New Antiinflammatory Cembranoid Diterpenoids from the Vietnamese Soft Coral Lobophytum crassum.
Authors: Thao Nguyen Phuong , Luyen Bui Thi Thuy , Ngan Nguyen Thi Thanh , Song Seok Bean , Cuong Nguyen Xuan , Nam Nguyen Hoai , Kiem Phan Van , Kim Young Ho , Minh Chau Van 
Published: April 2014

AbstractFour new cembranoid diterpenes lobocrasols A (Ia), B (Ib), C (IIa), and D (IIb) are isolated.
ChemInform Abstract: Rubescins A (I), B (II) and C (III): New Havanensin Type Limonoids from Root Bark of Trichilia rubescens (Meliaceae).
Authors: Tsamo Tontsa Armelle , Mkounga Pierre , Njayou Frederic Nico , Manautou Jose , Kirk Marat , Hultin Philip Gregory , Nkengfack Augustin Ephrem 
Published: April 2014

AbstractTitle compounds are isolated from the root bark of Trichilia rubescens (Meliaceae) together with 3 known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Catalysis of MeON‐Neoglycoside Formation by Aniline Derivatives.
Authors: Loskot Steven A. , Zhang Jianjun , Langenhan Joseph M. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA kinetic study of the formation of MeON‐Neoglycosides of various carbohydrates by deployment of different aniline catalysts is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Indole Diterpene Alkaloids as Novel Inhibitors of the Wnt/β‐Catenin Pathway in Breast Cancer Cells.
Authors: Sallam Asmaa A. , Ayoub Nehad M. , Foudah Ahmed I. , Gissendanner Chris R. , Meyer Sharon A. , El Sayed Khalid A. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractNine new penitrem analogs (Ia)‐(Ig), (IIa), and (IIb) are semisynthetically prepared in an attempt to identify pharmacophores correlated with BK channel inhibition and tremorgenicity of penitrems and decrease their toxicity.
ChemInform Abstract: Poly(ethylene glycol)‐Based Ionic Liquids: Properties and Uses as Alternative Solvents in Organic Synthesis and Catalysis
Authors: Cecchini Martina Maya , Charnay Clarence , De Angelis Francesco , Lamaty Frederic , Martinez Jean , Colacino Evelina 
Published: April 2014

AbstractReview: 83 refs.
Getting to the Source: Selective Drug Targeting of Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Ismail Fatima , Winkler David A. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractCancers are among the most important and most difficult to treat diseases of the 21st century. Conventional therapies include surgery, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy, as well many forms of drug treatments such as tamoxifen and Gleevec. However, these forms of treatment often do not eradicate the cancer stem cells, only managing to decrease the size of the tumor, allowing the cancer to return. The cancer stem cell hypothesis stipulates that malignancy is maintained through self‐renewal of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which generate rapidly dividing progeny that comprise the tumors, and that are largely untouched by conventional therapies. Evidence for the central role of CSCs in many tumors has provided a paradigm shift in the way cancer chemotherapy may be addressed. Recent discoveries regarding the nature of the stem cell niche, and the key signaling pathways involved in stem cell self‐renewal and differentiation from regenerative medicine, have provided key information that facilitates selective targeting of CSCs by small‐molecule drugs. The growing body of biochemical knowledge on the nature of CSCs, and differences between them and normal adult stem cells essential for maintaining organisms, has augmented the increasing number of small molecules shown to control normal and aberrant stem cells. Here, we review small‐molecule approaches to the selective targeting of CSCs.
Photodelivery of CO by Designed PhotoCORMs: Correlation between Absorption in the Visible Region and Metal–CO Bond Labilization in Carbonyl Complexes
Authors: Chakraborty Indranil , Carrington Samantha J. , Mascharak Pradip K. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe therapeutic potential of photoactive CO‐releasing molecules (photoCORMs) have called for close examination of the roles of the ligand(s) and the central metal atoms on the overall photochemical labilization of the metal–CO bonds. Along this line, we have synthesized four metal complexes, namely, [MnBr(azpy)(CO)3] (1), [Mn(azpy)(CO)3(PPh3)]ClO4 (2), [ReBr(azpy)(CO)3] (3), and [Re(azpy)(CO)3(PPh3)]ClO4 (4), derived from 2‐phenylazopyridine. These complexes were characterized by spectroscopic and crystallographic studies. Although both 1 and 3 exhibit strong metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer bands in the 500–600 nm region, only 1 photoreleases CO upon illumination with visible light. Results of theoretical studies were used to gain insight into this surprising difference. Strong spin‐orbit coupling (prominent in heavy metals) appears to promote intersystem crossing to a triplet state in 3, a step that discourages CO release upon illumination with visible light. Slow release of CO from 2 and 4 also indicates that strong σ‐donating ligands, such as Br−, accelerate the rate of CO photorelease relative to π‐acid ligands, such as PPh3.
Potential for cell therapy in Parkinson's disease using genetically programmed human embryonic stem cell–derived neural progenitor cells
Authors: Ambasudhan Rajesh , Dolatabadi Nima , Nutter Anthony , Masliah Eliezer , Mckercher Scott R. , Lipton Stuart A. 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTNeural transplantation is a promising strategy for restoring dopaminergic dysfunction and modifying disease progression in Parkinson's disease (PD). Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are a potential resource in this regard because of their ability to provide a virtually limitless supply of homogenous dopaminergic progenitors and neurons of appropriate lineage. The recent advances in developing robust cell culture protocols for directed differentiation of hESCs to near pure populations of ventral mesencephalic (A9‐type) dopaminergic neurons has heightened the prospects for PD cell therapy. Here, we focus our review on current state‐of‐the‐art techniques for harnessing hESC‐based strategies toward development of a stem cell therapeutic for PD. Importantly, we also briefly describe a novel genetic‐programming approach that may address many of the key challenges that remain in the field and that may hasten clinical translation. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:2845–2856, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.