bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interim results of neoadjuvant immunotherapy with prolgolimab in patients with locally advanced MSI / dMMR colorectal cancer
Authors: Zagidullina A. A. , Kuznetsova O. A. , Fedyanin M. Yu. , Mamedli Z. Z. , Aliev V. A. , Polynovskiy A. V. , Malikhova O. A. , Karasev I. A. , Stroganova A. M. , Tryakin A. A. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading malignancies in Russia [1]. The standard approach for selected patients (pts) with locally advanced colon cancer is surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy. Several studies have shown that colorectal cancer (CRC) with presence of a disorder in the mismatch repair (dMMR) / microsatellite instability (MSI) is characterized with high sensitivity to the immune checkpoint inhibitors. Several studies have shown that MSI / dMMR CRC patients tend to be more responsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors such as pembrolizumab, nivolumab or ipilimumab. However, there was no information about the efficacy of prolgolimab, a PD-1 receptor blocking antibody. Prolgolimab was highly effective in melanoma treatment, while the toxicity was comparable to pembrolizumab and nivolumab. Methods: We initiated the phase II non-randomized open-label clinical trial. Inclusion criteria were: histologically verified, MSI / dMMR, clinical stage II–III CRC. According to study protocol, prolgolimab (1 mg / kg) is administered every two weeks, then surgery should be done after 6 months of immunotherapy (12 cycles). In case of surgical treatment refusal, the systemic treatment proceeds for 1 year. The co-primary endpoint was the complete response (pCR) rate. Secondary endpoints included tumor regression grade by Mandard (TRG), major pathologic response (MPR), overall response rate (ORR) disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Here is a presentation of safety and pathologic response data — rates of pCR / MPR, objective response rate. Results: A total of 26 patients began treatment with prolgolimab from April, 2022 to February, 2024. Immune-related adverse effects of grade III–IV, were recorded in 1 (3,8 %) patient (autoimmune hepatitis grade IV); 4 (15,4 %) patients had adverse effects grade I–II: autoimmune thyroiditis, diarrhea, hypothyroidism. Two patients were refused to make a surgical treatment because of clinical CR and possible volume of surgery. Nine (34,6 %) patients underwent surgical treatment within 3 months after the immunotherapy completion: 7 patients had TRG 1 and pCR, 2 — TRG 2 and MPR after the treatment. ORR was 100 %, complete clinical response rate 40 %. The study is still ongoing, DFS and OS will be announced in further publications. Median follow-up time was 5 months. Conclusion: The first interim analysis data suggest a strong potential for neoadjuvant immunotherapy to become standard of care and allow further exploration of organ-sparing approaches in MMR / MSI CRC patients.
Relación entre el Ciclo de Caja de Efectivo y la Rentabilidad en las grandes empresas del sector comercio en Colombia
Authors: Gómez-Chaves Miguel Ángel , Benavides-Chamorro Karla Giovanna , López-Díaz Víctor Hugo 
Published: July 2024

Una de las principales problemáticas que presentan las grandes empresas del sector comercio en Colombia, es el limitado flujo de efectivo para cumplir con las obligaciones de corto plazo, condicionando así su permanencia en el mercado, debido a la ineficiente administración del capital de trabajo. El presente documento tiene como objetivo relacionar el Ciclo de Caja de Efectivo y la rentabilidad de las grandes empresas del sector comercio en Colombia entre los años 2016 – 2022. Para lograrlo, se plantea la investigación desde el paradigma cuantitativo, debido a que se busca medir variables como, el ciclo de caja de efectivo, rotación de inventario, rotación de cartera, rotación de proveedores, rentabilidad del activo, rentabilidad del patrimonio, entre otros; con enfoque empírico-analítico, porque parte de la realidad objetiva plasmada en la información de los estados financieros. El método utilizado es deductivo con un tipo de investigación relacional. Se toma como población objeto de estudio los estados financieros que proporcionaron las grandes empresas del sector comercio en Colombia ante la Superintendencia de Sociedades durante los años 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 y 2022, los cuales ascendieron a una cantidad de 666, 664, 657, 698, 653, 729 y 759 respectivamente. Como resultado significativo se obtiene que el Ciclo de Caja de Efectivo disminuye favorablemente, dado que pasa de 41 días en el año 2016 a 35 días en el año 2022, situación que generada por el decrecimiento de la rotación de cartera, la cual pasa de 65 días a 56 días. Además, se evidencia que las grandes empresas en Colombia del sector comercio obtienen una disminución en el Ciclo de Caja de Efectivo; mientras que, hay un incremento en la rentabilidad del activo y en la Rentabilidad del patrimonio.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPREHENSIVE PLAN FOR THE SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRITORY OF THE TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY
Authors: Klyuka Olena Mykolayivna , Bakhariev Volodymyr Serhiiovych , Halchenko Nadiia Pavlivna , Shelkovska Inna Mykolayivna , Vasyliev Maksym Andriiovych 
Published: July 2024

The presented article presents the results of the conducted theoretical and experimental research, considers current issues, and analyzes the legal aspects of the complex planning of the spatial development of the territories of territorial communities.Comprehensive spatial planning of the territories of territorial communities must be considered as a set of actions regarding the determination of areas for resettlement, places of employment, recreation and rehabilitation of the population, engineering and transport infrastructure through the development and further approval of documentation on spatial planning and compliance with its decisions in the long term. The comprehensive plan for the spatial development of the territory of the territorial community, which is both documentation with land management and urban planning documentation at the local level, is basically aimed at solving urban planning needs, but it only partially solves the issue of spatial development of land use.Spatial planning of community territories lays a solid foundation for the integration of urban planning and land management design solutions and at the same time creates challenges related to the need to create conditions for the relationship between management objects in both branches, information system structures, scope of works, integration of documentation.One of the most important strategic directions of integrated spatial planning of the territories of territorial communities is the development of ecologically safe, rational land use, as well as the introduction of functional territories of land use development, the formation of land use resistance to excessive anthropogenic influence during the implementation of agricultural activities aimed at greening and capitalization of land use, regulation of boundaries between urban and rural areas.
According to the results of the research, a method of creating a model of the actual use of the land of the conditional territorial community of the comprehensive spatial development plan of the territory of the territorial community is proposed.
WAYS OF INCREASING THE RELIABILITY OF CONTAINER TRANSPORTATION IN INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION IN CONDITIONS OF WAR
Authors: Berestov Igor , Kirichenko Oleksandr , Rakivnenko Valeriya , Kolisnyk Alina , Sveduk Roman 
Published: July 2024

The article proposes an improved automated technology for transporting goods by rail in international traffic, taking into account the likelihood of delays in ship departure from the seaport, resulting in additional costs in the form of penalty sanctions. It is known that the majority of goods arriving at seaports for further transportation are in containers. Therefore, in this work we consider and improve the part of the intermodal transportation route associated with raand seaports. To achieve this, it is necessary to adopt a systematic approach, which will allow describing all events occurring during the organization of such a complex process within one probabilistic framework and also consider the operation of each type of transport, especially in conditions of war where such probabilistic events become increasingly prevalent.In this research, the objective function of the intermodal transportation system is formed when interacting with railway stations and ports as the total specific costs of container transportation, taking into account the throughput capacity of the transportation infrastructure and considering the probability of the risk of delayed ship departure due to the arrival delay of the necessary batch of containers.Implementing this technology in automated workplaces of operational personnel will reduce the impact of the «human factor» on decision-making during the organization of rail transportation and enable quick response in an emergency, thereby enhancing the reliability of transportation and the probability of their execution within the planned time frame, especially in wartime conditions.The implementation of this model has shown that the cost of transporting one container to the port by container train from the terminal will reduce specific expenses by approximately 3 % compared to the existing technology. The optimal accumulation time for containers at terminal stations will be 5 and 5.6 hours respectively.
SYNTHESIS OF NARMA-L2 NEURAL CONTROLLER FOR TRACTION INDUCTION ELECTRIC DRIVE SYSTEM
Authors: Panchenko Vladyslav , Turenko Oleksandr 
Published: July 2024

In today's world, where technology is developing rapidly, electric drive systems play a key role in a huge range of applications: from industrial production lines to vehicles and household appliances. These systems require high efficiency, accuracy and reliability. It is here that there is a need to improve and optimize the processes of controlling electric drives.In recent decades, neural network controllers, or neuroregulators, have won their place in the world of automatic control. Their unique ability to model complex nonlinear dependencies makes them an ideal tool for applications in electric drive systems. Neuro-regulators can adapt to changing operating conditions, learn from data and optimize the control process depending on specific requirements and conditions.This work is devoted to the possibility of using a neuroregulator in the traction asynchronous electric drive system. In the Matlab/Simulink environment, a simulation model of the AD914-U traction asynchronous electric motor vector control system described in the d,q rotating coordinate system was developed. The synthesis of the NARMA-L2 neuroregulator was performed, which combines the principles of the autoregressive model and the moving average model to provide prediction and control of complex processes. The main idea of this controller is to build a nonlinear transformation of input data that can predict the future states of the system. To demonstrate the capabilities of neuroregulators in traction electric motor control systems, comparative modeling of the NARMA-L2 neuroregulator and the classical proportional-integral regulator was conducted.The results of simulation modeling show that the system with a neuro-regulator shows the best indicators of regulation of the given parameters in transient processes and is a promising tool in the development of high-performance and energy-efficient traction electric drives.
RESEARCH OF THE NOISE LOAD OF VEHICLES
Authors: Khitrov Ihor 
Published: July 2024

Noise can be viewed as an undesirable component of a signal that can affect the quality of perception or transmission of information in a system. In different contexts, the term «noise» may have different meanings, but a common feature is the random impulsive nature of this phenomenon. Automotive noise is sound energy generated by the movement of a vehicle and its components. The study of road traffic noise is an important area, especially in environments where noise can have a significant impact. This includes analyzing noise levels, identifying noise sources, assessing its impact on the environment, and developing strategies to reduce noise. This study analyzes the causes of automobile noise and their noise sources, and provides classification features. The research methodology included measuring the noise level at different points of the bus interior using a specialized acoustic sound level meter Testo 816. The Sound Meter program was additionally used to obtain current time values of noise level changes with graphical data interpretation. When the bus is idling, a monotonous noise load level in the range of 58-63 dB is observed in the cabin, which is typical for a running diesel engine, which is the main source of noise. The movement of the bus in urban conditions is accompanied by a change in traffic conditions, which in turn increases the maximum noise load to 73 dB. The movement of the bus in the city is accompanied by an increase in the noise load up to 74 dB and the equivalent up to 67 dB. This is due to an increase in speed, contact of tires with the asphalt road, interaction of the air environment with bus elements, the appearance of vibrations and other noises.Although the noise load in the bus interior is within the upper permissible limits, it requires the introduction of noise reduction measures, especially for long-distance buses for a comfortable ride for passengers.
Therefore, it is important to take noise levels into account when designing and operating vehicles, as well as when planning urban infrastructure projects.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE OPTIMUM TECHNOLOGY FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OF GRAIN LOADS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE EXISTING TRENDS OF THE INDUSTRY
Authors: Arsenenko Danylo , Lomotko Denis , Kovalova Oksana 
Published: July 2024

An algorithm and management procedure for the distribution of grain cargoes at port stations have been developed. A list of necessary conditions has been created under which the introduction of graded routes eliminates the problem of direct distribution of cargo by unloading points in the port infrastructure. The proposed technology for the distribution of bulk cargo allows to attract a larger number of participants in the transportation process and create conditions for the attraction of other accompanying cargo.The above problems of railway transport, a significant reduction in the volume of transportation against the background of the existence of a fairly wide network of railways form a trend for route shipments, the vast majority of which, in turn, go to the port.The introduction of staged loads as a compromise in the conditions of the trends acquired by the industry requires the creation of the necessary conditions along the entire route of the cargo.Market conditions as the main driver of the transportation process require a proactive response to variability. It is this approach with the use of transitional phases in the view of port stations that gives the technology such qualities that it becomes especially relevant when the operator of port stations becomes effective.Areas of concentration of freight work, potential infrastructure facilities and port stations, where the formation of groups of wagons for unloading at the ports will take place, were determined by systematizing the collected information and identifying patterns that can be introduced taking into account the existing system of restrictions.Looking directly at the composition of the transport sector for the above-mentioned period, it turns out that the share of cargo processed in Ukrainian ports is 159 million tons. For comparison, in the same period, rail transport was 314.3 million tons, road 222.6 million tons.
The above problems of railway transport, a significant reduction in the volume of transportation against the background of the existence of a fairly wide network of railways form a trend for route shipments, the vast majority of which, in turn, go to the port. Analyzing the above in the existing conditions, it is the ports that should set the vector for both the formation of sending and step routes based on the principles of resource conservation.
Overcoming the language barrier among students in the development of communicative competence in a foreign language
Authors: Dronova S. Yu. 
Published: July 2024

Importance. This study is devoted to the communicative aspect of learning foreign languages and one of the most acute problems on the way to mastering oral foreign language speech – language barriers. The relevance of this study lies in the fact that in recent decades communicative competence has often been displaced from foreign language classes in non-linguistic universities, even despite the current competence approach, giving way to grammar and vocabulary, as well as foreign language for specific purposes. As a result, students are experiencing more and more problems with oral communication, most of which are related to the language barrier. Despite many scientific papers on this topic, their authors touch upon the theoretical aspects of the problem and, as a rule, do not offer specific methods for developing communicative competence with overcoming the language barrier.Materials and Methods. The paper uses methods of analysis of both domestic and foreign studies, empirical methods of long-term observation, system analysis, survey and pedagogical experiment.Result and Discussion. The main difficulties faced by students in the development of communicative competence in learning a foreign language can be divided into three groups: linguistic, psychosocial and organizational. The proposed scheme for the development of communicative competencies "Presentation – Reproduction – (Semi)controlled tasks – Communication" allows to prevent the occurrence and overcome the language barrier among students at different stages of language learning.Conclusion. The principles underlying learning with overcoming the language barrier consist in the naturalness of communication within the framework of training sessions, the gradual complication and relevance for students of educational materials for the development of oral communication.
Typology of pedagogical situations: cross-cultural analysis
Authors: Dobrova V. V. 
Published: July 2024

Importance. The natural appeal to the possibility of defining certain typological features that would contribute to the differentiation of pedagogical situations leads to the need for a certain systematization of knowledge and experience. It is relevant to consider and compare the classification basis of typologies, since there is still no certainty about how a pedagogical situation should be described.Research methods. The comparative analysis, the content analysis, the method of interpretation and contextual analysis.Result and Discussion. The analyzed typologies of pedagogical situations in Russian pedagogy differ in typological basis, principles, understanding of the essence of pedagogical situations, which makes their systematization ambiguous, complex and practically impossible to use in everyday pedagogical practice. Foreign typologies of pedagogical situations are built on fundamentally different grounds, based on the understanding of the essence of the educational process, participants and the nature of changes. The analysis has shown that all the studied typologies of situations do not simplify the use and systematization of pedagogical situations, but being built on mixed basis, bring confusion in understanding and operating of pedagogical situations.Conclusion. The diversity of descriptions and ambiguity of definitions of pedagogical situations makes it difficult to create a complete typology and choose the clear basis. Based on our definition of the pedagogical situation, we considered it possible to propose clearer and more systematic basis for typology and to identify 3 types of pedagogical situations. Such a logical basis can be the ability of a pedagogical situation to reach the solution of a pedagogical task. Unlike all the analyzed situations, the proposed typology is based on clear systemic typological basis, allows differentiating and ordering of pedagogical situations, is easy to use.
Features of creative self-development of adolescents with intellectual disabilities by means of theatrical art
Authors: Kondrashkina E. V. , Sharshov I. A. 
Published: July 2024

Importance. The problem of creative self-development of adolescents with disabilities is very relevant, since the social adaptation of such adolescents implies the complexity of interaction with others, is characterized by an unformed skills of self-knowledge, self-organization, self-regulation, and other mechanisms of self-development. In particular, the creative self-development of adolescents with intellectual disabilities is associated with the development of thinking, motor skills, and communicative functions. This is possible through amateur theater as a form of social and pedagogical work with young people with disabilities. The purpose of the study is to determine the role and pedagogical possibilities of amateur theatrical art as a means of creative self–development of adolescents with disabilities, taking into account the specifics of adolescents with intellectual disability (mental retardation).Research Methods. In the course of the research, such theoretical methods as generalization, comparison, etc. were used, domestic psychological and pedagogical works in the field of theater pedagogy were studied, empirical methods were used – understanding the experience of working with participants of the psychotherapeutic theater “We”.Results and Discussion. It is revealed and substantiated that amateur theater is a means of creative development and self-development of a personality, that is, an environment where activities aimed at the personal development of adolescents with disabilities can be fully realized on the basis of the existing personal potential in accordance with the norms of morality and cultural context accepted in society. The pedagogical possibilities of theatrical art, realized in specific forms of work (trainings, sketches, effective analysis of a play, staged work, etc.) and used at various stages of organizational and creative activity of an amateur theater group, contribute to the development of appropriate skills of self-knowledge and self-organization, thinking, and communicative abilities of adolescents with intellectual disabilities (mental retardation).Conclusions. The application of the research results contributes to the development of new methods and means of pedagogical work with young people with disabilities, the formation of an effective creative environment for their creative self-development and social adaptation.