bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, distribution of microorganisms and outcomes between COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19 patients with ICU- associated BSIs: a one-center retrospective study
Authors: Sarıtaş Çağla Keskin , Özsüt Halit , Benli Aysun , Başaran Seniha 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
We aimed to study the differences between patients with COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 ICU-associated BSIs in terms of epidemiological, clinical, microbiological and outcome data.
Methods
Patients who developed BSI >48 hours after admission to the ICU among patients with COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 who were followed during a two-year pandemic period at a university hospital in the ICU were selected.
Descriptive statistics were used for differences between patients with COVID-19 and without COVID-19. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine mortality risk factors in BSI patients.
Results
Infection of the lower respiratory tract was much more common in COVID-19 patients (43.3% to 26%, p =0,000). The abundance of Acinetobacter baumanii, a microorganism causing BSI was significantly greater in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-9 patients (5.6% to 24.4%; p = 0.000), and the prevalence of Gram-negative MDR bacteria (61.7 to 81.7%, p = 0.020) was greater.
The duration of antibiotic use in the hospital was associated with the BSI, where Gram-negative MDR bacteria are active (p = 0,000), and the appropriateness of empirical treatment (p = 0.031) was more common in the COVID-19 group.
In our study, we discovered that patients with COVID-19 had lower levels of acute-phase reagents commonly used for BSI but more severe clinical symptoms during BSI.
COVID-19 survivors had shorter survival times after BSI (p = 0.032) than non-COVID-19 survivors.
Conclusions
The increased use of antibiotics in hospitals for patients with severe COVID-19 and deficiencies in infection control measures have led to an increase in MDR microorganisms.
Evaluation of the validity of pancreatoduodenectomy in older patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma in terms of recurrence
Authors: Izumo Wataru , Kawaida Hiromichi , Saito Ryo , Nakata Yuki , Amemiya Hidetake , Higuchi Yudai , Nakayama Takashi , Takahashi Kazunori , Maruyama Suguru , Takiguchi Koichi , Shoda Katsutoshi , Shiraishi Kensuke , Furuya Shinji , Kawaguchi Yoshihiko , Ichikawa Daisuke 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background This retrospective study investigated the validity of pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) with regard to recurrence in older patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma (DC). Methods We compared 32 patients aged ≥ 75 years and 68 patients aged < 75 years who underwent PD for DC, and evaluated the relationship between age, clinicopathological factors, and outcomes. Results Postoperative mortality and morbidity rates did not differ between the groups. Although there were no significant differences in 5-year recurrence, disease-specific survival, and overall survival rates between the groups (44.5, 61.5, and 55.0% in patients ≥ 75 years and 48.7%, 63.0%, and 58.5% in patients < 75 years; P = 0.82, 0.57, and 0.34, respectively), the median time from recurrence to death (RTD) in older patients was significantly shorter than that in younger patients (0.6 years vs 1.3 years, P = 0.020). In multivariate analysis, age ≥ 75 years (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.5), controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score ≥ 4 (HR: 4.7), poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma or adenosquamous carcinoma (HR: 4.7), and failure to implement treatment after recurrence (HR: 5.8) were independent risk factors for a short time from RTD. Furthermore, at the time of recurrence, older patients had significantly poorer serum albumin levels, prognostic nutrition index, Glasgow prognostic score, and CONUT score. Age ≥ 75 years (odds ratio: 0.24) was an independent risk factor for implementation of treatment after recurrence. Conclusions PD in older patients may be acceptable; however, the median time from RTD was shorter owing to lower nutritional status and rates of treatment implementation after recurrence.
The Pathway Relationship Between Physical Activity Levels and Depressive Symptoms in University Students Mediated by Cognitive Flexibility
Authors: Yu Fen , Jia Shuqi , Liu Qin , Guo Zhaohui , Li Pan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
To explore the mediating pathway of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms among university students.
Methods
A cross-sectional design was used to survey 2,537 university students using the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3, Patients′ Health Questionnaire, and Cognitive Flexibility Inventory. Data analysis was conducted using independent samples t-test, chi-square test, correlation analysis, one-way ANOVA, and mediation analysis.
Results
There was a significant negative correlation between physical activity levels and depressive symptoms scores (r = 0.063, P < 0.059), a significant positive correlation between physical activity levels and controllability scores (r = 0.064, P < 0.05), and a significant negative correlation between depressive symptoms and controllability scores (r=-0.367, P < 0.01). The total effect of physical activity intensity on depressive symptoms was − 0.3542, 95% CI: -0.5439~-0.1645, the direct effect of physical activity intensity on depressive symptoms was − 0.3542, 95% CI: -0.5439~-0.1645, and the mediating effect of controllability was − 0.1343, 95% CI: -0.2145~-0.0630.
Conclusion
The more physical activity university students engage in, the lower their depressive symptoms scores. Controllability mediates the relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms in university students.
SRT3025-loaded cell membrane hybrid liposomes enhanced anti-carcinoma activity of Oxaliplatin via inhibiting pyruvate kinase M2 and fatty acid synthase
Authors: Wang Xiaobin , Li Shulin , Li Zichen , Lin Zhuona , Wang Zhifeng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the urinary system, and despite significant advances in diagnosis and treatment, oxaliplatin resistance remains a major clinical challenge. Thus, developing a novel delivery system is required to overcome oxaliplatin resistance and improve patient outcomes.
Methods
Bladder cancer cell lines, T24 and 5637, were cultured in McCoy’s 5A and RPMI 1640 medium, respectively. The phospholipids and cell membranes were used to formulate the hybrid liposomes. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to determine the cell viability and proliferation. Cell death and apoptosis were quantified by trypan blue, calcein-AM/PI double staining, and Annexin V-APC/PI apoptosis assay. Western blot analysis was used to determine the proteins level.
Results
The present study demonstrated that SRT3025-loaded cell membrane hybrid liposomes (3025@ML) enhance the chemosensitivity to oxaliplatin (OXA). 3025@ML monotherapy as well as the combination therapy, 3025@ML plus OXA significantly enhanced the anti-carcinoma activity of OXA. In mechanistic studies, 3025@ML inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and reduced the expression of key metabolic regulators PKM2 and FASN. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that targeting lipid metabolism and inhibiting FASN can effectively overcome oxaliplatin resistance.
Conclusion
The study demonstrated that SRT3025-loaded cell membrane hybrid liposomes significantly enhance the anti-tumor activity of OXA. This novel drug delivery system inhibits key metabolic pathways, increasing DNA damage and tumor cell apoptosis. The results suggest that 3025@ML is a promising therapeutic strategy for overcoming oxaliplatin resistance and improving cancer treatment outcomes.
The application of augmented reality navigation combined with fluorescence laparoscopy in the resection of tumors in the middle lobe of the liver
Authors: Shen Zhengchao , Xi Shihang , Jiang Bin , Chen Zhiyuan , Pan Xuan , Wang Xiaoming 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the application value of augmented reality (AR) navigation combined with fluorescence laparoscopy in the resection of tumors in the middle lobe of the liver.
Methods
The clinical data of 10 patients who underwent hepatectomy for middle hepatic lobe tumors and AR combined with fluorescence laparoscopy at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, from May 2023 to January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The implementation method of AR was as follows: the preoperative 3D model was projected into the created 3D space, and the collected real-time laparoscopic images were fused into the 3D space background to create an interactive environment. For the fluorescence imaging method, according to the results of ICG-15, the appropriate operation time was determined to achieve the best fluorescence imaging effect.
Results
A total of 10 patients were successfully treated without conversion to open surgery. (1) Intraoperative situations: All the tumors were located in the middle lobe of the liver; the intraoperative fluorescence imaging rate was 100%; the average tumor length was 5[4–7] cm; the average operation time was 262.5 ± 24.8 min; and the average amount of intraoperative blood loss was 440.0 ± 58.1 ml. In the technical application of AR, the average registration error was 6.3 ± 0.6 mm; the average intraoperative verification of the number of blood vessels was 5.6 ± 0.6; and the average intraoperative prediction of the number of blood vessels was 4 [2–5]. (2) Postoperative situation: the average postoperative hospital stay was 9.1 ± 1.6 days. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was hepatic cell carcinoma (HCC) in eight cases and metastatic hepatic carcinoma (MHC) in two patients.
Conclusion
In complex hepatectomy, the application of AR combined with fluorescence laparoscopy can help verify and predict important anatomical structures, which has broad clinical application prospects.
Complex shape markers can detect alterations in the spatial distribution of cell nuclei in human lung squamous cell carcinoma: a useful tool for automatic analysis?
Authors: Santos Ana Vitoria Ferreira dos , Ferreira Renan Gabriel da Silva , Tenorio Fernanda das Chagas Angelo Mendes , Maia Carina Scanoni , Junior Valdemiro Amaro da Silva , Nogueira Romildo de Albuquerque , Tenorio Bruno Mendes 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths. The use of computational methods to quantify changes not perceptible to the human eye is growing in digital pathology imaging, improving detection rates quickly and at low cost. Therefore, the present study aims to use computational complex shape markers as tools for automated analysis of the spatial distribution of cells in microscopic images of squamous cell lung carcinoma (SqCC). Photomicrographs from pathology glass slides in the database LC25000 were used. The fractal dimension and lacunarity of the lung cell nuclei statistically changed in SqCC compared to the control. The multifractal analysis showed a significant difference in Dq, α, and f(α) for all values of q (-10 to + 10), with a greater increase for more positive q values. The number of cells, circularity, area, and perimeter also changed in SqCC images. However, the parameters aspect ratio, roundness, and solidity did not show statistical differences between the SqCC and benign tissue. The complex shape markers with the greatest changes in this study were the f(α) value in multifractality (53%) and lacunarity (41%). In conclusion, the automated quantification of the spatial distribution of cell nuclei can be a fast, low-cost tool for evaluating the microscopic characteristics of SqCC; therefore, the complex shape markers could be useful methods for software and artificial intelligence to detect lung carcinoma.
Study on the operating parameter optimization based on the temperature characteristics of fuel cell
Authors: Feng Yong , He Miaomiao , Wang Kaiqiong , Chen Juexiao , Jiang Qian , Shi Lei , Gu Ziheng , Ding Wei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The performance of fuel cells is influenced by many factors, among which operating temperature is crucial. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the performance of fuel cells at different temperatures and optimizing operational parameters at the optimum temperature condition to enhance the performance and lifespan of fuel cells. The research finds that the optimal temperature for fuel cells is 69.9°C, with an efficient operating temperature range of 60–80°C, and the optimal flow rate range is 1000–1600 ml/min. The influence of back pressure on fuel cell performance becomes less significant when it exceeds 2.5 bar. Furthermore, this study utilizes a Gaussian process regression model to optimize the performance of fuel cells under different temperature, flow rate, and back pressure combinations. Regression analysis model predictions suggest that the optimum operating temperature is 71°C, with an optimal back pressure range of 0.9–1.4 bar and a flow rate range of 1310–1600 ml/min.
Factors associated with functional ability in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy: a prospective longitudinal study Running head: Patient functional ability in unresectable EC
Authors: Lee Han-Yen , Huang Bing-Shen , Tseng Chen-Kan , Pai Ping-Ching , Hung Tsung-Min , Chao Yin-Kai , Chen Shu-Ching 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
During and after treatment, esophageal cancer (EC) patients experience changes in body mass index (BMI), performance status, nutrition status, symptom distress, and physical fitness. This study aims to evaluate temporal changes and their associated factors in BMI, performance status, nutrition status, symptom distress, physical fitness, and functional ability in EC patients during and after treatment.
Methods
This prospective longitudinal study recruited EC patients from a medical center in Northern Taiwan. The 112 EC patients were assessed before treatment (T0), 1 month after starting treatment (T1), 3 months after starting treatment (end of treatment) (T2), and 6 months after starting treatment (T3). Generalized estimating equation analysis was used to determine the factors associated with changes in functional ability over time.
Results
Patient nutrition status was lowest before treatment and then increased by 6 months after treatment. Symptom distress slightly decreased from before treatment to 3 months after treatment, rising at 6 months after treatment but not reaching baseline (T0). Functional ability increased from before treatment to 1 month after treatment and then declined at 3 months after starting treatment, increasing at 6 months to below baseline (T0). Patients who had a BMI less than 25 kg/m2, engaged less in physical activity, and were less physically fit were more likely to have worse functional ability.
Conclusion
BMI, level of physical activity, and the degree of physical fitness were the important factors associated with functional ability in EC patients. Healthcare professionals should design patient-tailored prehabilitation programs in advance to strengthen physical fitness.
Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Candida Species among Cancer Patients Attending B.P Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Chitwan
Authors: Neupane Promish , Tiwari Bishnu Raj , Shrestha Niranjan , Pandit Prashant , Sharma Alina , Khagi Asta Ram , Hamal Pradip , Devkota Kedar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Cancer is considered as a second most common cause of human death worldwide. The sufferers with most cancers are ongoing remedies for cell destruction which immediately lead them to at risk of infections because of their immune- compromised state. Among cancer patients, the fungal flora of the body imposes a greatest threat for own self. Antifungal resistance has been evolving lately as a burgeoning health care problem among Candida species. So, this study is aimed to explore the antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida species among cancers patient.
Methodology: This study was a cross-sectional study carried out in the Microbiology laboratory of B.P Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal. Standard microbiological techniques were used to identify Candida isolates, and HiCrome differential media were used for Candida speciation. Antifungal susceptibility testing was determined by using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) disk diffusion method.
Results: 50 Candida positive samples were found out of a total of 680 samples processed. Of the 50 Candida isolates, the majority of them were isolated from urine 24 (48.0%) followed by Bal 10 (20%). Candida albicans 19(38%) was the most predominant species followed by Candida glabrata 12(24%), Candida tropicalis 11(22%), Candida krusei 8(16%), Candida. All isolates were highly sensitive to voriconazole with a susceptibility rate of rate 48(96%) The highest resistance was found for Clotrimazole 40(80%) followed by ketoconazole 35 (70%), amphotericin B 27(54%).
Conclusion: Candida albicans was the most common species responsible for Candida infections. The majority of the isolates were sensitive to voriconazole and resistance to clotrimazole. The high resistance rate to the commonly antifungal agent implicates continued antifungal- susceptibility surveillance needs to be conducted to monitor the antifungal susceptibility trends of Candida species among cancer patients.
Factors associated with the severity of ERCP-related complications: a large retrospective single-centre study
Authors: Goubert Kristel , Degroote Helena , De Vos Martine , Khalenkow Maxim , Hindryckx Pieter 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Prospective studies have identified a number of patient- and procedure-related risk factors of post-ERCP complications. Many of these complications are mild and self-limiting.
Aims
The aim of this study is to identify the patients at risk of severe, early post-ERCP complications.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from 2810 ERCP procedures performed at Ghent University Hospital from 2016 to 2022. Data were extracted from electronic patient records and a prospectively maintained ERCP registry. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for severe complications.
Results
Among the 2810 ERCP procedures, 223 cases (7,9%) with post-ERCP complications were analyzed. Severe complications were observed in 20.3% of these cases. Haemorrhage was the most reported severe complication (22/49 severe complications, 44.9%), while a perforation had the most chance to result in a severe complication (10/15 perforation cases, 67%).
Anticoagulative therapy (OR 6.3, 95% CI 1.4–28.3, P = 0.016) and high procedural difficulty (Shutz category 3: OR 11.5, 95% CI 2.4–54.6, P = 0.002; Shutz category 4: OR 5.9, 95% CI 1.4–23.5, P = 0.012) emerged as independent predictors of severe complications.
Conclusions
In patients with an early post-ERCP complication, those under anticoagulant therapy and those who underwent difficult ERCP procedures (Schutz 3 or 4) have the highest risk of a severe course.
A multicenter, 4-year mirror-image study comparing the effectiveness of long- acting injectable antipsychotics in the treatment of Bipolar Disorder: Results from the LAICO study
Authors: García-Carmona Juan Antonio , Barnett Joshua , Campos-Navarro María Pilar , Mason Katie , Simal-Aguado Jorge , Pappa Sofia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: This was a 4-year mirror-image study of adult patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD) assessing the effects on treatment continuation and hospitalisation between aripiprazole 1-month (A1M) risperidone-LAI (R-LAI) and the monthly and 3-monthly formulations of paliperidone palmitate (PP1M, PP3M). We aimed to evaluate and compare the use of A1M, R-LAI and the monthly and 3-monthly formulations of paliperidone palmitate (PP1M, PP3M), by using the change of number and length of hospitalisations 2 years before compared to 2 years after initiation of LAIs for continuers and discontinuers. Secondary outcomes were: 1)discontinuation rates at 2 years and reasons per LAI, 2) time to discontinuation per LAI and 3)time to first hospitalisation per LAI.
Results: A total of 122 BD were included, 74 continued LAI treatment at two years. Reasons for discontinuation were poor compliance (50%), ineffectiveness (43.2%) and tolerability issues (13.6%). Both time to individual LAI discontinuation and time to first hospital admission were significantly lower in the R-LAI group. There was a significant overall reduction in the number and length of hospitalisations two years before and after LAI initiation, although multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that A1M, PP1M and R-LAI were associated with an increased risk (OR=1.89, 95%CI=1.54–3.68, p=0.015; OR=1.63, 95%CI=1.29–2.77, p=0.022; OR=3.08, 95%CI=1.48-6.05, p=0.008, respectively) of bed usage compared to PP3M. Last, study completers showed a considerable drop of 79% in number of hospital admissions and 83% in bed days (p=0.001) as opposed to non-completers.
Conclusions: Study findings suggest that long-acting antipsychotics such as A1M, PP1M and particularly PP3M are associated with high retention and lower hospitalisation rates after 2 years of treatment in patients with BD.
Incidence, Etiology, and Clinical Outcomes of Acute Coma
Authors: Lin Chih-Yuan , Tsai Mingche , Liang Jen-Feng , Liu Chih-Ching , Lee Yue-Chune 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the clinical nature of acute coma, which will serve as a reference for subsequent clinical decision-making
Methods and analysis
This observational study utilized Taiwan National Health Insurance Database to identify cases of acute coma from 2000 to 2017 based on ED discharge diagnoses. Clinical Classification Software (CCS) was employed to categorize the causes of acute coma. We examined the characteristics of acute coma cases, age-specific incidence rates, underlying causes, and clinical outcomes such as reversible coma, hospitalization, and 30-day mortality. Additionally, we assessed functional outcomes at a one-year follow-up. Long-term factors influencing mortality were ascertained using Cox regression.
Results
Among 99,217,322 ED visits between 2000 and 2017, 419,480 acute coma events were identified, with an event rate of 4.23 per 1,000 ED visits and an incidence rate of 0.93 per 1,000 person-years. We analyzed 205,747 first-ever acute coma cases, predominantly male (58.90%), aged 58.27 years (SD 23.04). Infection and CNS causes were predominant. CNS and drug-related causes contributed to increased 30-day mortality, while psychiatric, alcohol, women's health and perinatal care, and seizure are causes linked to reversible coma. Patients needed intensive care (26.54%), life-sustaining treatments (41.09%), or disability (6.57%). Generalized estimating equations revealed that CNS (aOR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.74; p < .0001) and drug-related causes (aOR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.81; p < .0001) were less likely to result in reversible coma, suggesting higher 30-day mortality risk factors. Cox regression showed drugs (aHR, 1.30, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.41, p < .001), neoplasm (aHR, 1.18, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.25, p < .001), and symptoms (aHR, 1.44, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.67, p < .001) elevated the long-term death risk.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrates the use of ICD codes aggregation to CCS in acute coma clinical study, providing insights into its clinical nature.