bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of routine cryptococcal antigen screening on survival among HIV‐infected individuals with advanced immunosuppression in Kenya
Authors: Meyer A.‐C. L. , Kendi C. K. , Penner J. A. , Odhiambo N. , Otieno B. , Omondi E. , Opiyo E. , Bukusi E. A. , Cohen C. R. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectivesTo test the hypothesis that a screening and treatment intervention for early cryptococcal infection would improve survival among HIV‐infected individuals with low CD4 cell counts.MethodsNewly enrolled patients at Family AIDS Care and Education Services (FACES) in Kenya with CD4 ≤ 100 cells/μl were tested for serum cryptococcal antigen (sCrAg). Individuals with sCrAg titre ≥ 1:2 were treated with high‐dose fluconazole. Cox proportional hazard models of Kaplan–Meier curves were used to compare survival among individuals with CD4 ≤ 100 cells/μl in the intervention and historical control groups.ResultsThe median age was 34 years [IQR: 29,41], 54% were female, and median CD4 was 43 cells/μl [IQR: 18,71]. Follow‐up time was 1224 person‐years. In the intervention group, 66% (514/782) were tested for sCrAg; of whom, 11% (59/514) were sCrAg positive. Mortality was 25% (196/782) in the intervention group and 25% (191/771) in the control group. There was no significant difference between the intervention and control group in overall survival [hazard ratio (HR): 1.1 (95%CI:0.9,1.3)] or three‐month survival [HR: 1.0 (95%CI:0.8,1.3)]. Within the intervention group, sCrAg‐positive individuals had significantly lower survival rates than sCrAg‐negative individuals [HR:1.8 (95%CI: 1.0, 3.0)].ConclusionsA screening and treatment intervention to identify sCrAg‐positive individuals and treat them with high‐dose fluconazole did not significantly improve overall survival among HIV‐infected individuals with CD4 counts ≤ 100 cells/μl compared to a historical control, perhaps due to intervention uptake rates or poor efficacy of high‐dose oral fluconazole.
Ubiquitin protein ligase 3 mediates the proteasomal degradation of GLABROUS 3 and ENHANCER OF GLABROUS 3, regulators of trichome development and flavonoid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis
Authors: Patra Barunava , Pattanaik Sitakanta , Yuan Ling 
Published: February 2013

SummaryUbiquitin/26S proteasome (UPS)‐dependent proteolysis of a variety of cellular proteins plays an essential role in many basic cellular processes. UPS impacts transcriptional regulation by controlling the stability, and thus the activity, of numerous transcription factors (TFs). In Arabidopsis, trichome development and flavonoid metabolism are intimately connected, and several TFs have been identified that simultaneously control both processes. Here we show that UPS‐dependent proteolysis of two of these TFs, GLABROUS 3 (GL3) and ENHANCER OF GL3 (EGL3), is mediated by ubiquitin protein ligase 3 (UPL3). Cell‐free degradation and in planta stabilization assays in the presence of MG132, an inhibitor of proteasome activity, demonstrated that the degradation of GL3 and EGL3 proteins is 26S UPS‐dependent. Yeast‐ or protoplast‐based two‐hybrid and bimolecular fluorescent complementation assays showed that GL3 and EGL3 interact via their C‐terminal domains with the N‐terminal portion of UPL3. Moreover, both TFs are stabilized and show increased activities in a upl3 mutant background. Gene expression analyses revealed that UPL3 expression is negatively affected by mutation in the gl3 locus, but is moderately upregulated by the overexpression of GL3, suggesting the presence of a regulatory loop involving GL3 and UPL3. Our findings underscore the importance of post‐translational controls in epidermal cell differentiation and flavonoid metabolism.
HPA‐5 typing discrepancy reveals an Ile503Leu substitution in platelet GPIa (α2 integrin)
Authors: Bertrand G. , Jallu V. , Beranger T. , Bianchi F. , Casale C. , Dufour V. , Chenet C. , Quesne J. , Martageix C. , Kaplan C. 
Published: February 2013

Background and ObjectivesIn fetal/neonatal thrombocytopenia, maternal alloimmunization is diagnosed by the identification of the maternal alloantibody and the offending paternal antigen inherited by the foetus/neonate. Today, for practical reasons, most laboratories perform platelet genotyping instead of phenotyping. Here, we report the case of a human platelet antigen (HPA)‐5 genotype/phenotype discrepancy observed in a mother who delivered a mildly thrombocytopenic newborn.Materials and methodsPlatelet antibody detection and platelet phenotyping were performed using the MAIPA assay; platelet genotypes were determined using BeadChip technology (BioArray), PCR‐SSP, PCR‐RFLP and sequencing.ResultsSerological investigations revealed the presence of maternal anti‐GPIIbIIIa autoantibodies. No alloantibodies were detected. No feto‐maternal platelet incompatibility was observed for HPA‐1 to ‐21. The mother and newborn were genotyped as HPA‐5aa using BeadChips, but as HPA‐5a (weak b) with PCR‐SSP and HPA‐5ab with PCR‐RFLP. Mother's platelets were phenotyped as HPA‐5b(+). GPIa exon 13 sequencing confirmed the HPA‐5ab genotype of the mother and newborn, and revealed an NM_002203.3:c.1594A>C mutation near the HPA‐5 polymorphism (5′ side), leading to an I503L amino acid change.ConclusionFeto‐maternal alloimmunization was ruled out: the neonatal thrombocytopenia probably resulted from maternal anti‐GPIIbIIIa autoantibodies. This case highlights that platelet typing should be performed using two different methods to avoid false diagnosis.
Winter annual grassy weeds increase over‐winter mortality in autumn‐sown wheat
Authors: Miller Z J , Menalled F D , Burrows M 
Published: February 2013

SummaryOver‐winter mortality, that is, winterkill, reduces cereal crop competitive ability and yield. While management and environmental variables are known to affect winterkill, the extent to which weeds contribute to increased winterkill is largely unknown. Winter annual weeds may increase winterkill through resource competition and by increasing incidence of and damage from plant pathogens that cause winterkill. We evaluated the impact of summer annual (Avena fatua) and winter annual (Bromus tectorum) weeds on the over‐winter survival rate of winter wheat over three winters, during which plots were covered with snow. Pink snow mould (Microdochium nivale), a winterkill pathogen known to infect B. tectorum and winter wheat, was common in wheat stands. In weed‐free treatments, mortality rates were initially near zero, but increased by nearly 45% in each subsequent winter, presumably due to an increase in snow mould disease in continuously cropped winter wheat. Whereas A. fatua infestation had no impact on crop survival rates, winter wheat survival in B. tectorum‐infested plots was 50% less than the weed‐free control in the second and third years of this study. Among B. tectorum‐infested plots, winter wheat over‐winter survival declined with increasing weed seed produced in the previous summer. Overall, this study demonstrated that winter annual weed infestations can reduce crop stand densities below replanting thresholds by reducing fall‐sown cereal winter survival. The effects of winter annual weeds on winter wheat may be meditated by increased proliferation of snow mould disease.
Genome Sequence of Klebsiella pneumoniae Ecl8, a Reference Strain for Targeted Genetic Manipulation
Authors: Fookes Maria , Yu Jing , De Majumdar Shyamasree , Thomson Nicholas , Schneiders Thamarai 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT

We report the genome sequence of
Klebsiella pneumoniae
subsp.
pneumoniae
Ecl8, a spontaneous streptomycin-resistant mutant of strain ECL4, derived from NCIB 418.
K. pneumoniae
Ecl8 has been shown to be genetically tractable for targeted gene deletion strategies and so provides a platform for in-depth analyses of this species.
Complete Nucleotide Sequence of Canine Distemper Virus HLJ1-06, Isolated from Foxes in China
Authors: Jiang Qian , Hu Xiaoliang , Ge Yanhua , Lin Huan , Jiang Yong , Liu Jiasen , Guo Dongchun , Si Changde , Qu Liandong 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
A new strain of canine distemper virus, HLJ1-06, has been isolated from foxes in China, and its complete genome has been sequenced and analyzed. The phylogenetic analysis suggests that HLJ1-06 belongs to the Asia-1 cluster and has low identity to the vaccine strain.
Genome Sequence of Klebsiella oxytoca M5al, a Promising Strain for Nitrogen Fixation and Chemical Production
Authors: Bao Guanhui , Zhang Yanping , Du Chenyu , Chen Zugen , Li Yin , Cao Zhu'an , Ma Yanhe 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT

Klebsiella oxytoca
is an important microorganism for nitrogen fixation and chemical production. Here, we report an annotated draft genome of
K. oxytoca
strain M5al that contains 5,256 protein-coding genes and 95 structural RNAs, which provides a genetic basis for a better understanding of the physiology of this species.
Complete Genome Sequence of Bacteriophage EC6, Capable of Lysing Escherichia coli O157:H7
Authors: Tiwari Birendra R. , Kim Jungmin 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT

A bacteriophage, EC6, capable of lysing
Escherichia coli
serotype O157:H7 was isolated and found to be a member of the family
Myoviridae
. The genomic sequence of phage EC6 was composed of 86,231 bp with a G+C content of 38.9% and is very similar to the sequences of
Escherichia
phage wV8 and
Salmonella
phage Felix O1.
Complete Genome Sequences of Six Avian-Like H1N1 Swine Influenza Viruses from Northwestern China
Authors: Wang Jing-Yu , Ren Juan-Juan , Qiu Yuan-Hao , Liu Hung-Jen 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
Very little is known about swine influenza in northwestern China. Here, we report the complete genomic sequences of six avian-like H1N1 swine influenza viruses (SIVs) isolated in pigs in northwestern China. Phylogenetic analyses of the sequences of eight genomic segments demonstrated that they are avian-like H1N1 SIVs.
Complete Chromosome Sequence of Carnobacterium maltaromaticum LMA 28
Authors: Cailliez-Grimal Catherine , Chaillou Stéphane , Anba-Mondoloni Jamila , Loux Valentin , Afzal Muhammad Inam , Rahman Abdur , Kergourlay Gilles , Champomier-Vergès Marie-Christine , Zagorec Monique , Dalgaard Paw , Leisner Jorgen J. , Prévost Hervé , Revol-Junelles Anne-Marie , Borges Frédéric 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT

Within the lactic acid bacterium genus
Carnobacterium
,
Carnobacterium maltaromaticum
is one of the most frequently isolated species from natural environments and food. It potentially plays a major role in food product biopreservation. We report here on the 3.649-Mb chromosome sequence of
C. maltaromaticum
LMA 28, which was isolated from ripened soft cheese.
Genome Sequence of the Human Abscess Isolate Streptococcus intermedius BA1
Authors: Planet Paul J. , Rampersaud Ryan , Hymes Saul R. , Whittier Susan , Della-Latta Phyllis A. , Narechania Apurva , Daugherty Sean C. , Santana-Cruz Ivette , DeSalle Robert , Ravel Jacques , Ratner Adam J. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT

Streptococcus intermedius
is a human pathogen with a propensity for abscess formation. We report a high-quality draft genome sequence of
S. intermedius
strain BA1, an isolate from a human epidural abscess. This sequence provides insight into the biology of
S. intermedius
and will aid investigations of pathogenicity.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Variant Isolated from a Backyard Piglet
Authors: Shi Kaichuang , Mo Shenglan , Huang Huaxin , Lin Changhua , Tao Chun'ai , Li Jun , Li Gang 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
The highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV) isolates have showed accelerating evolution under the great immune pressure in China in recent years. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of the HP-PRRSV variant GX1001 isolated from a vaccinated backyard piglet.
Additional Evidence for the Sustained Effect of Acupuncture at the Vision-Related Acupuncture Point, Gb37
Authors: Liu Jixin , Nan Jiaofen , Xiong Shiwei , Li Guoying , Qin Wei , Tian Jie 
Published: February 2013

Objective To investigate the dynamics underlying the sustained effect of acupuncture as a possible explanation of earlier findings that acupuncture stimulation at the vision-related acupuncture point, GB37, cannot specifically change the functional MRI (fMRI) signals of the visual cortex compared with stimulation at an adjacent non-meridian point. Methods The ‘on–off’ experimental design was separated into four series conditions: 1 min of baseline scanning at the beginning, then two stimulation epochs separated by a 50 s ‘rest’ period, and then a 1 min ‘rest’ epoch. The standard General Linear Model (GLM) approach and multi-conditions analysis were used. Results Results from the multi-conditions analysis were different from those from the standard GLM analysis. We found that the neural signal of the limbic–paralimbic–neocortical system after acupuncture stimulus lasted longer than the putative period. Furthermore, the fMRI signal changes in the occipital cortex showed different temporal patterns between GB37 and the non-meridian point. Conclusions Owing to the sustained effect of acupuncture, standard GLM analysis may be unsuitable for ‘on–off’ design acupuncture studies and lead to uncertain and contradictory results. The findings from this study suggest that acupuncture at GB37 can induce complex brain activity in the vision cortex. The state-related neural signal may reflect one of the significant characteristics underlying acupuncture.
Dropped head with positive intravenous edrophonium, progressing to myasthenia gravis
Authors: Sawa Nobuhiro , Kataoka Hiroshi , Eura Nobuyuki , Ueno Satoshi 
Published: February 2013

‘Dropped head syndrome’ (DHS) may be associated with a variety of neurological diseases. The absence of neurological clues to the underlying cause of DHS can make management particularly challenging. We review six patients who presented with only DHS, responded to intravenous edrophonium and turned out to have myasthenia gravis (MG) including similar patients who were previously documented. Six patients presented with neck weakness and three had bulbar symptoms. Acetylcholine receptor (AchR) was positive in four patients. One patient had thymoma. The interval from the onset of DH to the presentation of typical MG features was shorter in patients who tested positive for anti-Ach antibody (1–2 months) than in patients who tested negative for anti-AchR antibody (13 months, 4 years). Our results suggest that patients with DHS responding to intravenous edrophonium might turn out to have MG and such patients might respond to a combination of anticholinesterase agents and steroids.
Three-dimensional spectral domain optical coherence tomography imaging of the retina in choroidal tuberculoma
Authors: Saxena Sandeep , Singhal Vivek , Akduman Levent 
Published: February 2013

IntroductionTo study retinal imaging in choroidal tuberculoma by three-dimensional spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) for the first time.MethodsQuantiFERON-TB GOLD test, colour Doppler imaging, fluoroscein angiography and SD-OCT were performed in an 18-year-old immunocompetent female patient.ResultsThree-dimensional imaging over the choroidal lesion revealed marked retinal elevation. Subfoveal neurosensory detachment along with serous retinal detachment resulted from effusion of fluid from the underlying choroidal lesion. Granularity of the outer photoreceptor layer and proliferating retinal pigment epithelium cells indicated chronicity of the underlying choroidal lesion abutting the retina. Antitubercular therapy, after 2 weeks, resulted in a resolution of the subfoveal neurosensory detachment, reduction in the serous retinal detachment and a decrease in retinal elevation.ConclusionsThree-dimensional SD-OCT allows a spatial visualisation and documentation of retinal elevation. It also allows a detailed visualisation of the secondary retinal pigment epithelial and intraretinal changes and is helpful in monitoring the response to medication.
Scuba diving, acute left anterior descending artery occlusion and normal ECG
Authors: Doll Sébastien Xavier , Rigamonti Fabio , Roffi Marco , Noble Stéphane 
Published: February 2013

We report the case of an acute proximal occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary (LAD) artery following a scuba diving decompression accident and associated with normal ECG. Following uneventful thromboaspiration and coronary stenting, the patient was discharged on day 4 with secondary preventative therapies. A transthoracic echocardiography performed at this point showed a complete recovery compared with an initial localised akinesia involving the anterior and apical portion of the left ventricle upon admission. This case highlights that significant acute coronary lesions involving the LAD can occur without any ECG anomaly. The presence of acute and persistent angina associated with troponin elevation should prompt physicians to consider coronary angiography without delay, independently of the ECG results.
Cardiac adaptation to exercise in adolescent athletes of African ethnicity: an emergent elite athletic population
Authors: Sheikh Nabeel , Papadakis Michael , Carre Francois , Kervio Gaelle , Panoulas Vasilis F , Ghani Saqib , Zaidi Abbas , Gati Sabiha , Rawlins John , Wilson Mathew G , Sharma Sanjay 
Published: February 2013

Background/aimsAdult black athletes (BA) exhibit left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) on echocardiography and marked ECG repolarisation changes resembling those observed in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Limited data are available for adolescent BA, the group most vulnerable to exercise-related sudden cardiac death.MethodsBetween 1996 and 2011, 245 male and 84 female adolescent BA from a wide variety of sporting disciplines underwent cardiac evaluation including ECG and echocardiography. Athletes exhibiting T-wave inversions and/or echocardiographic LVH were investigated further for quiescent cardiomyopathies. Results were compared with 903 adolescent white athletes (WA) and 134 adolescent sedentary black controls (BC).ResultsLVH on echocardiography was present in 7% of BA compared to only 0.6% of WA and none of the BC. In the very young (<16 years), 5.5% of BA, but none of the WA, demonstrated LVH. Within the BA group, LVH was more prevalent in men compared to women (9% vs 1.2%, p=0.012). T-wave inversions were present in 22.8% BA, 4.5% WA and 13.4% BC. T-wave inversions in BA occurred with similar frequency in men and women and were predominantly confined to leads V1–V4. T-wave inversions in the lateral leads, commonly associated with cardiomyopathies, were present in 2.4% of BA. On a further evaluation and mean follow-up of 8.3 years, none of the athletes exhibited HCM.ConclusionsAthletic training has a pronounced effect on adolescent BA. Black athletes as young as 14 years of age may exhibit left ventricular wall thicknesses of 15 mm and marked repolarisation changes resembling HCM. Male and female BA demonstrate a high prevalence of T-wave inversions.
A new stratified risk assessment tool for whiplash injuries developed from a prospective observational study
Authors: Kasch Helge , Kongsted Alice , Qerama Erisela , Bach Flemming W , Bendix Tom , Jensen Troels Staehelin 
Published: February 2013

ObjectivesAn initial stratification of acute whiplash patients into seven risk-strata in relation to 1-year work disability as primary outcome is presented.DesignThe design was an observational prospective study of risk factors embedded in a randomised controlled study.SettingAcute whiplash patients from units, general practitioners in four Danish counties were referred to two research centres.ParticipantsDuring a 2-year inclusion period, acute consecutive whiplash-injured (age 18–70 years, rear-end or frontal-end car accident and WAD (whiplash-associated disorders) grades I–III, symptoms within 72 h, examination prior to 10 days postinjury, capable of written/spoken Danish, without other injuries/fractures, pre-existing significant somatic/psychiatric disorder, drug/alcohol abuse and previous significant pain/headache). 688 (438 women and 250 men) participants were interviewed and examined by a study nurse after 5 days; 605 were completed after 1 year. A risk score which included items of initial neck pain/headache intensity, a number of non-painful complaints and active neck mobility was applied. The primary outcome parameter was 1-year work disability.ResultsThe risk score and number of sick-listing days were related (Kruskal-Wallis, p<0.0001). In stratum 1, less than 4%, but in stratum 7, 68% were work-disabled after 1 year. Early work assessment (p<0.0001), impact of the event questionnaire (p<0.0006), psychophysical pain measures being McGill pain questionnaire parameters (p<0.0001), pressure pain algometry (p<0.0001) and palpation (p<0.0001) showed a significant relationship with risk stratification.AnalysisFindings confirm previous studies reporting intense neck pain/headache and distress as predictors for work disability after whiplash. Neck-mobility was a strong predictor in this study; however, it was a more inconsistent predictor in other studies.ConclusionsApplication of the risk assessment score and use of the risk strata system may be beneficial in future studies and may be considered as a valuable tool to assess return-to-work following injuries; however, further studies are needed.
Oral bisphosphonates are associated with increased risk of subtrochanteric and diaphyseal fractures in elderly women: a nested case–control study
Authors: Erviti Juan , Alonso Álvaro , Oliva Belén , Gorricho Javier , López Antonio , Timoner Julia , Huerta Consuelo , Gil Miguel , De Abajo Francisco 
Published: February 2013

ObjectivesTo evaluate the association between bisphosphonate use and the risk of atypical femoral fractures among women aged 65 or older.DesignNested case–control study.SettingGeneral practice research database in Spain.ExposuresUse of oral bisphosphonates before the occurrence of atypical fractures among cases or the corresponding index date among controls. Bisphosphonate use was categorised as ever versus never users. Ever users were divided according to the total time since first prescription.Main outcome measuresCases were defined as women aged 65 years or older with a first diagnosis of subtrochanteric or diaphyseal fracture, recorded in the BIFAP database between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2008, and with at least 1 year of follow-up before the index date. For each case, five age-matched and calendar-year-matched controls without a history of hip or atypical fracture were randomly selected from the database.Statistical analysisOR of atypical femoral fracture by bisphosphonate use was determined using conditional logistic regression. Models were adjusted for comorbidities and use of other medications.ResultsThe analysis included 44 cases and 220 matched controls (mean age, 82 years). Ever use of bisphosphonates was more frequent in cases than controls (29.6% vs 10.5%). In multivariate analyses, OR (95% CI) of atypical femoral fracture was 4.30 (1.55 to 11.9) in ever versus never users of bisphosphonates. The risk increased with long-term use, with an OR of 9.46 (2.17 to 41.3) comparing those using bisphosphonates over 3 years versus no users (p for trend=0.01).ConclusionsBisphosphonate use was associated with an increased risk of subtrochanteric or diaphyseal fractures in elderly women in a low fracture risk population, with a higher risk among long-term bisphosphonate users.