bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The utility of next‐generation sequencing in challenging liver FNA biopsies
Authors: Balitzer Dana J. , Greenland Nancy Y. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundFine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is increasingly used for the diagnosis of hepatocellular masses. Because distinguishing well differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from other well differentiated hepatocellular lesions (e.g., large regenerative nodules or focal nodular hyperplasia) requires an assessment of architectural features, this may be challenging on FNA when intact tissue fragments are not sampled. Poorly differentiated HCC and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) may exhibit overlapping pathologic features. Molecular testing can be helpful, because mutations in TERT promoter and CTNNB1 (β‐catenin) are characteristic of HCC, whereas mutations in BAP1, IDH1/IDH2, and PBRM1 may favor ICC. The goal of this study was to assess the role of next‐generation sequencing (NGS) in further subclassifying indeterminate liver lesions sampled by FNA.MethodsA retrospective review of liver cytology cases with NGS on cell block material was performed. Age, radiologic features, background hepatic disease and treatment, outcome, and NGS data were obtained from the electronic medical record.ResultsTwelve FNA biopsies that had cell blocks from clinically suspected primary hepatic masses were identified. The presence of a TERT promoter mutation supported a diagnosis of HCC for one well differentiated neoplasm. For three patients, the presence of mutations, such as IDH1, CDKN2A/CDKN2B, and BRAF, supported a diagnosis of ICC. Of the eight poorly differentiated carcinomas, NGS helped refine the diagnosis in six of eight cases, with one HCC, three ICCs, and two that had combined HCC‐ICC, with two cases remaining unclassified.ConclusionsMolecular diagnostics can be helpful to distinguish HCC and ICC on FNA specimens, although a subset of primary hepatic tumors may remain unclassifiable.
Design of a new modular‐isolated‐forward‐based active snubber cell for power switches
Authors: Bodur Haci , Gundogan Abdulkerim , Bakan Ahmet Faruk 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a new modular‐isolated‐forward‐based active snubber cell (SC) for power switches is designed. In the proposed new SC, the zero voltage transition (ZVT) technique is implemented with a forward converter although the current counterparts generally use a flyback converter. In the converter with the new SC, the main switch is turned on with ZVT (full zero voltage switching [ZVS]) and turned off with ZVS, the main diode is turned off with zero current switching (ZCS), the auxiliary switch is turned on with ZCS and turned off with ZVS, and the parasitic capacitor energies are recovered. In addition, thanks to the forward converter, it has been possible to minimize the transformer leakage inductance and greatly reduce the current values of devices in the new SC. The new cell is applied to a single‐phase, grid‐connected, T‐type three‐level inverter (T2‐3LI) as an example. A detailed steady‐state analysis of this inverter was made, and the theoretical analysis was confirmed with measurement results taken from a prototype with 100 kHz and 3.3 kW values. Compared to its hard switching (HS) equivalent, in the converter with soft switching (SS) cell, the total circuit loss was reduced from about 248 W to 86 W, thus achieving an increase in the total efficiency from 92.5% to 97.4%.
A novel arc‐shaped magnetic coupler with dual‐channel receiver for rotational misalignment tolerance in AUV underwater wireless power transfer systems
Authors: Tang Hongmin , Shen Zhiwei , Xie Ronghuan , Pan Wenbin , Chen Xiaoying , Li Zhongqi , Zhang Yiming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTraditional wet plug charging for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) limits its application. Inductive power transfer (IPT) is an effective solution to this problem. This paper proposes an arc‐shaped magnetic coupler incorporated with solenoid coils to achieve a stable and efficient output against rotational misalignment for charging AUV. The novel magnetic coupler consists of two solenoid coils and an arc‐shaped coil with a reverse winding, guaranteeing a relatively constant total mutual inductance and decoupling from each other. This magnetic coupler has the characteristics of a compact structure, an ultra‐wide coupling range, and a relatively stable equivalent mutual inductance. The experimental IPT prototype can deliver 1.29 kW with a dc–dc efficiency of 93% under the fully aligned case and 1.2 kW with a dc–dc efficiency of 91% under the misaligned case.
Toxicological effects of Honokiol on zebrafish and its underlying mechanism
Authors: Lin Jue , Liu Hongli , Huang Xiaoli , Deng Yongqiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe compound Honokiol, derived from the bark of Magnolia officinalis, possesses the ability to induce apoptosis and inhibit cellular damage caused by reactive oxygen species. The objective of this study was to investigate the toxicological and histopathological effects of Honokiol on zebrafish (Danio rerio) through conducting a semistatic acute toxicity test involving immersion in an Honokiol‐containing solution. The results showed that the toxic effects of Honokiol on zebrafish were primarily manifested in the liver and gills. When exposed to 0.6 mg/L of Honokiol, it could lead to liver hemorrhage as well as swelling and necrosis of gill tissues, and high concentrations of Honokiol could trigger inflammatory responses. Additionally, research found that Honokiol could induce apoptosis in liver and gill tissues through the P53 pathway and possessed the ability to enhance antioxidation. The present findings significantly contribute to a more profound understanding of the toxic impact of Honokiol and its underlying mechanism, thereby providing a valuable reference for the future safe utilization of Honokiol and related pharmaceutical advancements.
Effect of electrical muscle stimulation on the improvement of deltoid muscle atrophy in a rat shoulder immobilization model
Authors: Lee Jeongkun , Lee Su Hyun , Kim Hyuntae , Chung Seok Won 
Published: August 2024

AbstractImmobilization following trauma or surgery induces skeletal muscle atrophy, and improvement in the muscle atrophy is critical for successful clinical outcomes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) on muscle atrophy. The study design is a controlled laboratory study. Eighty rats (56 to establish the deltoid muscle atrophy [DMA] model and 24 to evaluate the effect of EMS on the model) were used. DMA was induced by completely immobilizing the right shoulder of each rat by placing sutures between the scapula and humeral shaft, with the left shoulder as a control. After establishing the DMA model, rats were randomly assigned into three groups: low‐frequency EMS (L‐EMS, 10 Hz frequency), medium‐frequency EMS (M‐EMS, 50 Hz frequency), and control (eight rats per group). After 3 weeks, the deltoid muscles of each rat were harvested, alterations in gene expression and muscle cell size were evaluated, and immunohistochemical analysis was performed. DMA was most prominent 3 weeks after shoulder immobilization. Murf1 and Atrogin were significantly induced at the initial phase and gradually decreased at approximately 3 weeks; however, MyoD expressed an inverse relationship with Murf1 and Atrogin. IL6 expression was prominent at 1 week. The time point for the EMS effect evaluation was selected at 3 weeks, when the DMA was the most prominent with a change in relevant gene expression. The M‐EMS group cell size was significantly larger than that of L‐EMS and control group in both the immobilized and intact shoulders (all p < 0.05), without significant differences between the L‐EMS and control groups. The M‐EMS group showed significantly lower mRNA expressions of Murf1 and Atrogin and higher expressions of MyoD and Col1A1 than that of the control group (all p < 0.05). In immunohistochemical analysis, similar results were observed with lower Atrogin staining and higher MyoD and Col1A1 staining in the M‐EMS group. DMA model was established by complete shoulder immobilization, with the most prominent muscle atrophy observed at 3 weeks. M‐EMS improved DMA with changes in the expression of relevant genes. M‐EMS might be a solution for strengthening atrophied skeletal muscles and facilitating rehabilitation after trauma or surgery.
Deep Learning for Dynamic Modeling and Coded Information Storage of Vector‐Soliton Pulsations in Mode‐Locked Fiber Lasers
Authors: Si Zhi‐Zeng , Wang Da‐Lei , Zhu Bo‐Wei , Ju Zhen‐Tao , Wang Xue‐Peng , Liu Wei , Malomed Boris A. , Wang Yue‐Yue , Dai Chao‐Qing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSoliton pulsations are ubiquitous feature of non‐stationary soliton dynamics in mode‐locked lasers and many other physical systems. To overcome difficulties related to a huge amount of necessary computations and low efficiency of traditional numerical methods in modeling the evolution of non‐stationary solitons, a two‐parallel bidirectional long short‐term memory recurrent neural network (TP‐Bi_LSTM RNN) is proposed, with the main objective to predict dynamics of vector‐soliton pulsations (VSPs) in various complex states, whose real‐time dynamics is verified by experiments. For two examples, viz., single‐ and bi‐periodic VSPs, with period‐21 and a combination of period‐3 and period‐43, the prediction results are better than provided by direct simulations – namely, deviations produced by the TP‐Bi_LSTM RNN results are 36% and 18% less than those provided by the simulations, respectively. This means that predicted results provided by the neural network are better than numerical simulations. Moreover, the prediction results for unstable VSP state with period‐9 indicate that the optimization of training sets and the number of training iterations are particularly important for the predictability. Besides, the scheme of coded information storage based on the TP‐Bi_LSTM RNN, instead of actual pulse signals, is realized too. The findings offer new applications of deep learning to ultrafast optics and information storage.
Can product specialization improve the internationalization level of enterprises? Empirical evidence from “SRDI” enterprises
Authors: Xu Gengxi , Pan Xiaozhen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCultivating “SRDI” (abbreviation for “Specialized,” “Refinement,” “Differential,” and “Innovation”) enterprises can help solve the current “bottleneck” problems faced by China, enhance the stability and competitiveness of the industrial chain and supply chain, and promote high‐quality economic development. Using the “SRDI” enterprises listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen A‐shares in 2011–2021 as samples, this paper empirically tests the effect of product specialization on the internationalization level of “SRDI” enterprises. The results show that the product specialization of “SRDI” enterprises can significantly improve their internationalization level. Heterogeneity analysis shows that under the conditions of executives with overseas experience, a low degree of financing constraint, and fierce competition in the product market, the product specialization of “SRDI” enterprises has a more significant effect on improving their internationalization level. Therefore, China's “SRDI” enterprises should focus on the core business, give full play to the advantages of specialized operation, actively promote the internationalization strategy, and attach importance to the internal training and external recruitment of overseas executives. Governments at all levels should improve the policy support system, strengthen the incentive mechanism of scientific and technological innovation, and alleviate the financing constraints of “SRDI” enterprises.
Interplay of Food‐Derived Bioactive Peptides with Gut Microbiota: Implications for Health and Disease Management
Authors: Hu Mingyang , Du Yufeng , Li Wenyue , Zong Xiaomei , Du Wenjuan , Sun Huizeng , Liu Hongyun , Zhao Ke , Li Jianxiong , Farooq Muhammad Zahid , Wu Jianping , Xu Qingbiao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBioactive peptides (BPs) are protein fragments with beneficial effects on metabolism, physiology, and diseases. This review focuses on proteolytic BPs, which are produced by the action of gut microbiota on proteins in food and have demonstrated to influence the composition of gut microbes. And gut microbiota are candidate targets of BPs to alleviate oxidative stress, enhance immunity, and control diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, obesity, cancer, and immune and neurodegenerative diseases. Despite promising results, further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying the interactions between BPs and gut microbes, and to identify and screen more BPs for industrial applications. Overall, BPs offer potential as therapeutic agents for various diseases through their interactions with gut microbes, highlighting the importance of continued research in this area.
Automatic pipeline for segmentation of LV myocardium on quantitative MR T1 maps using deep learning model and computation of radial T1 and ECV values
Authors: Jafari Raufiya , Kandpal Ankit , Verma Radhakrishan , Aggarwal Vinayak , Gupta Rakesh Kumar , Singh Anup 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNative T1 mapping is a non‐invasive technique used for early detection of diffused myocardial abnormalities, and it provides baseline tissue characterization. Post‐contrast T1 mapping enhances tissue differentiation, enables extracellular volume (ECV) calculation, and improves myocardial viability assessment. Accurate and precise segmenting of the left ventricular (LV) myocardium on T1 maps is crucial for assessing myocardial tissue characteristics and diagnosing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study presents a deep learning (DL)–based pipeline for automatically segmenting LV myocardium on T1 maps and automatic computation of radial T1 and ECV values. The study employs a multicentric dataset consisting of retrospective multiparametric MRI data of 332 subjects to develop and assess the performance of the proposed method. The study compared DL architectures U‐Net and Deep Res U‐Net for LV myocardium segmentation, which achieved a dice similarity coefficient of 0.84 ± 0.43 and 0.85 ± 0.03, respectively. The dice similarity coefficients computed for radial sub‐segmentation of the LV myocardium on basal, mid‐cavity, and apical slices were 0.77 ± 0.21, 0.81 ± 0.17, and 0.61 ± 0.14, respectively. The t‐test performed between ground truth vs. predicted values of native T1, post‐contrast T1, and ECV showed no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) for any of the radial sub‐segments. The proposed DL method leverages the use of quantitative T1 maps for automatic LV myocardium segmentation and accurately computing radial T1 and ECV values, highlighting its potential for assisting radiologists in objective cardiac assessment and, hence, in CVD diagnostics.
T1 relaxation and axon fibre configuration in human white matter
Authors: Hutchinson Grace , Thotland Jeromy , Pisharady Pramod K. , Garwood Michael , Lenglet Christophe , Kauppinen Risto A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the effects of white matter (WM) axon fibre microstructure on T1 relaxation is important for neuroimaging. Here, we have studied the interrelationship between T1 and axon fibre configurations at 3T and 7T. T1 and S0 (=signal intensity at zero TI) were computed from MP2RAGE images acquired with six inversion recovery times. Multishell diffusion MRI images were analysed for fractional anisotropy (FA); MD; V1; the volume fractions for the first (f1), second (f2) and third (f3) fibre configuration; and fibre density cross‐section images for the first (fdc1), second (fdc2) and third (fdc3) fibres. T1 values were plotted as a function of FA, f1, f2, f3, fdc1, fdc2 and fdc3 to examine interrelationships between the longitudinal relaxation and the diffusion MRI microstructural measures. T1 values decreased with increasing FA, f1 and f2 in a nonlinear fashion. At low FA values (from 0.2 to 0.4), a steep shortening of T1 was followed by a shallow shortening by 6%–10% at both fields. The steep shortening was associated with decreasing S0 and MD. T1 also decreased with increasing fdc1 values in a nonlinear fashion. Instead, only a small T1 change as a function of either f3 or fdc3 was observed. In WM areas selected by fdc1 only masks, T1 was shorter than in those with fdc2/fdc3. In WM areas with high single fibre populations, as delineated by f1/fdc1 masks, T1 was shorter than in tissue with high complex fibre configurations, as segmented by f2/fdc2 or f3/fdc3 masks. T1 differences between these WM areas are attributable to combined effects by T1 anisotropy and lowered FA. The current data show strong interrelationships between T1, axon fibre configuration and orientation in healthy WM. It is concluded that diffusion MRI microstructural measures are essential in the effort to interpret quantitative T1 images in terms of tissue state in health and disease.
Large‐scale elasto‐plastic topology optimization
Authors: Granlund Gunnar , Wallin Mathias 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis work presents large‐scale elasto‐plastic topology optimization for design of structures with maximized energy absorption and tailored mechanical response. The implementation uses parallel computations to address multi million element three‐dimensional problems. Design updates are generated using the gradient‐based method of moving asymptotes and the material is modeled using small strain, nonlinear isotropic hardening wherein the coaxiality between the plastic strain rate and stress is exploited. This formulation renders an efficient state solve and we demonstrate that the adjoint sensitivity scheme resembles that of the state update. Furthermore, the KKT condition is enforced directly into the path dependent adjoint sensitivity analysis which eliminates the need of monitoring the elasto‐plastic switches when calculating the gradients and provides a straight forward framework for elasto‐plastic topology optimization. Numerical examples show that structures discretized using several millions degrees of freedom and loaded in multiple load steps can be designed within a reasonable time frame.
A hybrid reliability assessment method based on health index construction and reliability modeling for rolling bearing
Authors: Yang Yuan‐Jian , Ma Chengyuan , Liu Gui‐Hua , Lu Hao , Dai Le , Wan Jia‐Lun , Guo Junyu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe assessment of rolling bearing reliability is vital for ensuring mechanical operational safety and minimizing maintenance costs. Due to the difficulty in obtaining data on the performance degradation and failure time of rolling bearings, traditional methods for reliability assessment are challenged. This paper introduces a novel hybrid method for the reliability assessment of rolling bearings, combining the convolutional neural network (CNN)‐convolutional block attention module (CBAM)‐ bidirectional long short‐term memory (BiLSTM) network with the Wiener process. The approach comprises three distinct stages: Initially, it involves acquiring two‐dimensional time‐frequency representations of bearings at various operational phases using Continuous Wavelet Transform. Subsequently, the CNN‐CBAM‐BiLSTM network is employed to establish health index (HI) for the bearings and to facilitate the extraction of deep features, serving as input for the Wiener process. The final stage applies the Wiener process to evaluate the bearings’ reliability, characterizing the HI and quantifying uncertainties. The experiment is performed on bearing degradation data and the results indicate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed hybrid method.
Homologous Temperature Regulated Hierarchical Nanoporous Structures by Dealloying
Authors: Shen Huiyou , Jiang Jing , Zhang Min , Lu Zhen , Han Jiuhui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNanoporous metals, fabricated via dealloying, offer versatile applications but are typically limited to unimodal porous structures, which hinders the integration of conflicting pore‐size‐dependent properties. A strategy is presented that exploits the homologous temperature (TH)‐dependent scaling of feature sizes to generate hierarchical porous structures through multistep dealloying at varied TH levels, adjusted by altering dealloying temperatures or the material melting points. This technique facilitates the creation of monolithic architectures of bimodal porous nickel and trimodal porous carbon, each characterized by well‐defined, self‐similar bicontinuous porosities across distinct length scales. These materials merge extensive surface area with efficient mass transport, showing improved current delivery and rate capabilities as electrodes in electrocatalytic hydrogen production and electrochemical supercapacitors. These results highlight TH as a unifying parameter for precisely tailoring feature sizes of dealloyed nanoporous materials, opening avenues for developing materials with hierarchical structures that enable novel functionalities.
Comparison of Risk-Scoring Systems in Predicting Kawasaki Disease Associated Coronary Artery Dilation in a North American Cohort
Authors: Schwartzenburg Elridge , Strelow Jacob , Chowdhury Shahryar M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractScoring systems used to predict morbidity in children with Kawasaki disease (KD) have been developed and validated in Asian populations. The objective of this study was to assess their utility in predicting the development of coronary artery dilation in children with KD in North America. This was a secondary analysis of a National Institutes of Health / National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH/NHLBI) Pediatric Heart Network public use dataset from a multicenter, randomized controlled trial of pulse steroid therapy in KD in a North American cohort. The primary outcome of interest was development of coronary artery dilation. The Harada, Kobayashi, Egami, and Sano scoring systems, originally developed to predict risk of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance in Kawasaki patients in Japan, were applied to this cohort. Subjects were kept in the analysis only if there were complete data for every element of each scoring system—Harada (n = 132), Kobayashi (n = 88), Egami (n = 139), and Sano (n = 82). Patients classified as high-risk by the Harada score were more likely to have significant coronary artery dilation (p = 0.042), were more likely to require IVIG retreatment (p = 0.002), and were more likely to require hospital readmission (p < 0.001). The Egami, Kobayashi, and Sano scores were not predictive for any measured outcome. The Harada score can be useful in identifying KD patients at risk for developing coronary artery dilation and IVIG resistance. The Harada score has demonstrated higher sensitivity but lower specificity, making it a valuable screening tool that may benefit from supplementary diagnostic methods.