bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of poly(propylene carbonate)/nano calcium carbonate composites and their supercritical carbon dioxide foaming behavior
Authors: Yu Peng , Mi Hao‐Yang , Huang An , Liu Xian , Chen Bin‐Yi , Zhang Shui‐Dong , Peng Xiang‐Fang 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTBiodegradable polymer foams are attracting extensive attention in both academic and industrial fields. In this study, an emerging biodegradable polymer, poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC), was compounded with nano calcium carbonate (nano‐CaCO3) and foamed via supercritical carbon dioxide for the first time. Four concentrations of nano‐CaCO3, 1, 3, 5, and 10 wt %, were used and the thermal properties of PPC/nano‐CaCO3 composites were investigated. The glass‐transition temperature and thermal decomposition temperature of the PPC/nano‐CaCO3 composites increased with the addition of nano‐CaCO3. The morphologies of the PPC/nano‐CaCO3 composites and the rheological results showed that homogeneous dispersions of nano‐CaCO3 and percolated nano‐CaCO3 networks were achieved at a nano‐CaCO3 content of 3 wt %. Therefore, the finest cell diameter (3.13 μm) and highest cell density (6.02 × 109 cells/cm3) were obtained at the same nano‐CaCO3 content. The cell structure dependences of PPC and PPC with a nano‐CaCO3 content of 3 wt % (PPC‐3) foams on the foaming pressure and temperature were investigated as well. The results suggested that the cell structure of PPC‐3 was more stable at different foaming conditions due to the networks of nano‐CaCO3. Moreover, the change in pressure was more influential on the cell structure than the temperature. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42248.
Isolation and characterization of a new [FeFe]‐hydrogenase from Clostridium perfringens
Authors: Morra Simone , Mongili Beatrice , Maurelli Sara , Gilardi Gianfranco , Valetti Francesca 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis paper reports the first characterization of an [FeFe]‐hydrogenase from a Clostridium perfringens strain previously isolated in our laboratory from a pilot‐scale bio‐hydrogen plant that efficiently produces H2 from waste biomasses. On the basis of sequence analysis, the enzyme is a monomer formed by four domains hosting various iron–sulfur centres involved in electron transfer and the catalytic center H‐cluster. After recombinant expression in Escherichia coli, the purified protein catalyzes H2 evolution at high rate of 1645 ± 16 s−1. The optimal conditions for catalysis are in the pH range 6.5–8.0 and at the temperature of 50 °C. EPR spectroscopy showed that the H‐cluster of the oxidized enzyme displays a spectrum coherent with the Hox state, whereas the CO‐inhibited enzyme has a spectrum coherent with the Hox‐CO state. FTIR spectroscopy showed that the purified enzyme is composed of a mixture of redox states, with a prevalence of the Hox; upon reduction with H2, vibrational modes assigned to the Hred state were more abundant, whereas binding of exogenous CO resulted in a spectrum assigned to the Hox‐CO state. The spectroscopic features observed are similar to those of the [FeFe]‐hydrogenases class, but relevant differences were observed given the different protein environment hosting the H‐cluster.
Effect of oxygen and glucose deprivation on VEGF and its receptors in microvascular endothelial cells co‐cultured with mast cells
Authors: Wang Zhihua , Tao Jianping , Zhang Qingyong , Wei Meng 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the correlation between angiogenesis and the differential expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors in myocardial microvascular endothelial cells (MMVECs) co‐cultured with mast cells (MCs) or mast cell granules (MCGs) under oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). MMVECs and MCs were isolated from Wistar rats. MCs spontaneously degranulated in OGD. The expression of VEGF peaked at 8 h and decreased from 16 h in OGD. However, the expression of its receptor, fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 (Flt‐1), and fetal liver kinase‐1 (Flk‐1), decreased significantly, and angiogenic potential of MMVECs decreased in OGD. Expression of VEGF, Flt‐1, and Flk‐1 increased significantly when MMVECs were co‐cultured with MCGs or active MCs, but MCs had only a limited ability to induce angiogenesis in OGD. The angiogenic potential of MMVECs cultured in OGD (even with MCGs) was inferior to that of MMVECs cultured under normoxic conditions. OGD have a profound effect on angiogenesis, which is more pronounced than the effect of MCs on angiogenesis.
Techno‐Economic Comparison of a 7‐MWth Biomass Chemical Looping Gasification Unit with Conventional Systems
Authors: Aghabararnejad Milad , Patience Gregory S. , Chaouki Jamal 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe chemical looping process is an alternative method to provide conventional gasification (CG) systems with the required oxygen. The syngas produced via chemical looping has a higher calorific value than that generated by a conventional process with air. For comparison, a conventional gasification unit with pure oxygen (CGPO) and a chemical looping gasification (CLG) system were simulated with Aspen Plus. The CGPO reactor consisted of a bubbling fluidized bed and sand as bed material with oxygen supplied via a pressure swing adsorption unit. The CLG comprised a bubbling fluidized‐bed gasifier working in parallel with a fast fluidized‐bed oxidizer. The total capital investment (TCI) of the CLG unit was higher than that of the CGPO unit but the annual operating cost of the former was less which repays the difference in TCI in less than six years.
Tether‐Directed Bisfunctionalization Reactions of C60 and C70
Authors: Cerón Maira R. , Izquierdo Marta , Pi Yunhong , Atehortúa Sandra L. , Echegoyen Luis 
Published: April 2015

AbstractFour easily isolable regio‐ and stereoselective bis‐adducts of C60 and C70, as well as a new C70‐dumbbell derivative, have been synthesized by using two different bismalonate tethered moieties. The derivatives that possess relatively long‐tethered moieties show highly symmetric addition patterns, as evidenced by spectroscopic measurements, whereas the derivatives possessing the shorter‐tethered moiety exhibit interesting addition patterns on C60 and C70.
Easy To Synthesize, Robust Organo‐osmium Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation Catalysts
Authors: Coverdale James P. C. , Sanchez‐Cano Carlos , Clarkson Guy J. , Soni Rina , Wills Martin , Sadler Peter J. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAsymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) is an important process in organic synthesis for which the Noyori‐type RuII catalysts [(arene)Ru(Tsdiamine)] are now well established and widely used. We now demonstrate for the first time the catalytic activity of the osmium analogues. X‐ray crystal structures of the 16‐electron OsII catalysts are almost identical to those of RuII. Intriguingly the precursor complex was isolated as a dichlorido complex with a monodentate amine ligand. The OsII catalysts are readily synthesised (within 1 h) and exhibit excellent enantioselectivity in ATH reactions of ketones.
Prediction of emission spectra of fluorescence materials using principal component analysis
Authors: Shams‐Nateri A. , Piri N. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractFluorescent materials are now a critical field of research due to their unique excitation and emission properties that can be tailored to specific fluorescence detection technologies. In this work, a procedure is described to approximate the emission spectral data of fluorescent materials of different types from their excitation spectral data using principal component analysis (PCA) technique. First, PCA as a statistical and mathematical method was used to reconstruct the excitation and emission spectra of training dataset and then, the approximation was accomplished by multiple linear regression (MLR).The performance of obtained function was examined on testing dataset. Afterward, CIE tristimulus values of the fluorescent samples were calculated based on ASTM, E2152–12 standard test method. The colorimetric accuracy was then evaluated by calculating the geometric differences in CIE tristimulus values X, Y, and Z for the 1964 standard colorimetric observer under illuminant D65. The obtained results show a good curve fit between the actual emission spectra and recovered emission spectra. In addition, based on cumulative variance and root mean square (RMS), eight principal components were selected as optimum number of principal components for prediction of emission spectra data. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 41, 16–21, 2016
Combined accurate platelet enumeration and reticulated platelet determination by flow cytometry
Authors: Hedley Benjamin D. , Llewellyn‐Smith Nigel , Lang Stephen , Hsia Cyrus C. , MacNamara Neil , Rosenfeld David , Keeney Michael 
Published: April 2015

BackgroundDiagnosing the cause of thrombocytopenia often requires a bone marrow aspiration or biopsy, an invasive procedure. Reticulated platelets (RP) are immature RNA containing platelets, accurate RP enumeration has yet to be achieved, partially due to the lack of a robust reference method.Goal: To refine previous work and gating strategies distinguishing RP from mature platelets while incorporating accurate platelet enumeration into the analysis.After reviewing previously published studies on Thiazole Orange (TO) staining of RP, we systematically evaluated CD41/CD61 in combination with a commercial source of TO (BDBiosciences). Previous RP methods have not taken advantage of platelet enumeration therefore our goal was to incorporate the ICSH platelet enumeration protocol into our method.MethodsTO concentration, incubation, and fixation method were determined to be 10% of stock concentration, 30 min, and 1% formaldehyde respectively. Gating strategy to determine RP fraction used an unstained control tube to set the limit of TO staining.ResultsNormal range (n = 51) was 9.9 ± 3.1%. Analysis of 40 patients with immune‐thrombocytopenia‐purpura (ITP) showed a RP range from 4.3% to 81.2%. Platelet enumeration was consistent with our previous studies in this area.ConclusionsCombining CD41/CD61 platelet enumeration with TO RP percentage is possible. Accurate RP percentage requires an effective gating strategy, as background fluorescence cursor placement is important. This method for enumeration of RP percentage combined with accurate platelet enumeration, particularly in the low range, should prove useful in differentiating production from consumption issues in thrombocytopenia and monitoring response to therapy. © 2015 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Optimization of EGFR high positive cell isolation procedure by design of experiments methodology
Authors: Levi Ofer , Tal Baruch , Hileli Sagi , Shapira Assaf , Benhar Itai , Grabov Pavel , Eliaz Noam 
Published: April 2015

BackgroundCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood circulation may play a role in monitoring and even in early detection of metastasis patients. Due to the limited presence of CTCs in blood circulation, viable CTCs isolation technology must supply a very high recovery rate.MethodsHere, we implement design of experiments (DOE) methodology in order to optimize the Bio‐Ferrography (BF) immunomagnetic isolation (IMI) procedure for the EGFR high positive CTCs application. All consequent DOE phases such as screening design, optimization experiments and validation experiments were used.ResultsA significant recovery rate of more than 95% was achieved while isolating 100 EGFR high positive CTCs from 1 mL human whole blood.ConclusionsThe recovery achievement in this research positions BF technology as one of the most efficient IMI technologies, which is ready to be challenged with patients' blood samples. © 2015 International Clinical Cytometry Society
High‐Power True Green Laser Diodes on Semipolar GaN Substrates
Authors: KATAYAMA KOJI , SAGA NOBUHIRO , UENO MASAKI , IKEGAMI TAKATOSHI , NAKAMURA TAKAO 
Published: April 2015

SUMMARYInGaN green laser diodes (LDs) on semipolar GaN substrates with output powers of over 100 mW in the spectral region beyond 530 nm are demonstrated. Wall plug efficiencies as high as 7.0–8.9% are realized in the wavelength range of 525–532 nm, exceeding those reported for c‐plane LDs. The lifetime at a case temperature of 55 °C was estimated to be over 5000 hours for an optical output power of 50 mW. These results suggest that InGaN green LDs on the plane are better suited as light sources for applications requiring wavelengths above 525 nm.
A White Light Source Excited by Laser Diodes
Authors: MASUI SHINGO , YAMAMOTO TOMOYA , NAGAHAMA SHIN‐ICHI 
Published: April 2015

SUMMARYWe developed a compact, high luminance white light source based on nitride semiconductor blue laser diodes (LDs) with yellow phosphor materials. The blue laser light from the LD is focused on the yellow phosphor by an optical lens. As a result, white light is obtained by the mixing of blue laser light and yellow light from the phosphors excited by blue laser light. The luminous flux and the luminance were 250 lm and 270 cd/mm2 at an operating current of 1.2 A. This high luminance is 2.5 times that of a conventional HID light.
Empirical Study of Stepped‐FM UWB Sensor for Indoor Intruder Detection
Authors: NAKAMURA RYOHEI , OTA YUKI , KEYA NOBUYASU , KAJIWARA AKIHIRO 
Published: April 2015

SUMMARYHome security sensors are becoming more and more practical today for protection against intruders, and several sensor types, such as infrared, video cameras, and microwave radio are commonly used. Ultra‐wideband impulse‐radio (UWB‐IR) sensors have lately attracted considerable attention because they are expected to measure not only the motion of an intruder but also the distance. This paper presents an indoor intruder detection sensor system using stepped FM based on UWB radio which can detect and track the movement of an intruder. The usefulness of the method is experimentally investigated using our fabricated sensor. The measurements were conducted for various intrusion scenarios inside a typical house.
Immediate change in throughfall spatial distribution and canopy water balance after heavy thinning in a dense mature Japanese cypress plantation
Authors: Nanko Kazuki , Onda Yuichi , Kato Hiroaki , Gomi Takashi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis study revealed the influence of change in forest canopy structure by forest management practice for throughfall generation and canopy water interception process. Throughfall and stemflow were observed in a mature Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) plantation before and after thinning. Decreased stem density (from 2400 to 1300 trees ha−1) and basal area (from 107.6 to 60.4 m2 ha−1) resulted in an increase in the throughfall fraction (from 58% to 79%) and decreases in the stemflow fraction (from 14% to 8.6%) and the canopy interception loss fraction (from 27% to 12%). Thinning also decreased spatial variability in throughfall and smoothed temporal persistence of throughfall among sampling points or rainfall events. These results were supported by the change in the throughfall balance between direct throughfall and released throughfall. The proportion of direct throughfall of incident rainfall changed from 0.16 to 0.42 owing to an increase in canopy gap. The distribution ratio of released throughfall from intercepted rainwater by canopy changed from 50% to 64% because of a decrease in foliage; this led to lower water storage in the canopy (from 1.83 to 0.82 mm), and thus less precipitation was needed to saturate the canopy. Consequently, the amount of throughfall increased and less precipitation was needed to stabilize the water flow path during the post‐thinning period. This study contributes to knowledge of differential canopy wetting processes and spatiotemporal heterogeneity of throughfall distribution in response to specific silvicultural prescription. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
4,8‐Disubstituted Bicyclo[3.3.1]nona‐2,6‐dienes as Chiral Ligands for Rh‐Catalyzed Asymmetric 1,4‐Addition Reactions
Authors: Rimkus Renaldas , Jurgelėnas Marius , Stončius Sigitas 
Published: April 2015

AbstractC2‐symmetric chiral diene ligands based on 4,8‐endo,endo‐disubstituted bicyclo[3.3.1]nona‐2,6‐diene framework have been designed and synthesized. The rhodium complexes of the dienes, which were obtained in a few straightforward steps from enantiomerically pure bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane‐2,6‐dione, exhibited excellent catalytic activity and high enantioselectivity (up to 96 % ee) in the conjugate addition reaction of arylboronic acids to cyclic enones under mild reaction conditions with high atom efficiency.
Synthesis of para‐Aryl‐Substituted Salicyldialdehydes
Authors: Reinhard Dennis , Schöttner Ludger , Brosius Victor , Rominger Frank , Mastalerz Michael 
Published: April 2015

Abstractpara‐Substituted salicyldialdehydes are versatile molecular building blocks for porous organic cages, fluorescent dyes, spirobenzopyrans, homooxacalixarenes, dinuclear metal complexes, macrocycles, and cryptands. To date, no procedures for the synthesis of para‐aryl‐substituted salicyldialdehydes have been reported, which would broaden the scope of the above‐mentioned topics, especially in the field of sensors and dyes, because the aromatic π systems can be enlarged and absorption or fluorescent events can be fine‐tuned by various substituents. Herein, two synthetic routes to para‐aryl‐substituted salicyldialdehydes with both electron‐withdrawing and ‐donating aromatic units are reported.
Ni‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction: The Direct Synthesis of Symmetrical Disulfanes from Aryl and Primary Alkyl Halides
Authors: Soleiman‐Beigi Mohammad , Arzehgar Zeinab 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTA novel Ni‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction is introduced for the direct synthesis of diaryldisulfanes and dialkyldisulfanes from aryl halides and primary alkyl halides at normal atmospheric conditions, respectively. This one‐pot and domino protocol utilizes only 10 mol% of NiCl2 as a catalyst and morpholin‐4‐ium morpholine‐4‐carbo‐dithioate as a new, stable, solid, and odorless sulfurating reagent in the presence of ethylene glycol as a cosolvent and bidentate ligand in dimethyl formamide (DMF) at 130°C with good to excellent yields and relatively short time reaction.
The maturation of research into the avian hippocampal formation: Recent discoveries from one of the nature's foremost navigators
Authors: Herold Christina , Coppola Vincent J. , Bingman Verner P. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTFor more than 30 years, a growing number of researchers have been attracted to the challenge of understanding the neurobiological organization of the avian hippocampal formation (HF) and its relationship to the remarkable spatial cognitive abilities of birds. In this selective review, we highlight recent anatomical and developmental findings that reveal a HF design that defies any simple comparison to the mammalian hippocampus and leaves unanswered the seemingly enduring question of whether a dentate gyrus homologue is to be found in HF. From a functional perspective, we highlight the recent discoveries that implicate HF in the use of space for memory pattern segregation and continued interest in the role HF neurogenesis may play in supporting memory function and its relationship to memory decline in aging birds. We also summarize data that nurture a fundamental reinterpretation of the role of HF in spatial cognition by suggesting HF involvement in spatial perception antecedent to any memory formation. Given the disproportionate adaptive significance of space for birds, which has led to the evolution of their exceptional navigational and memory abilities, there is little doubt that the avian HF will continue to provide important and unexpected insights into the neural basis of spatial cognition. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Topoisomerase‐1 gene copy aberrations are frequent in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Kümler Iben , Balslev Eva , Poulsen Tim S. , Nielsen Signe Lykke , Nygård Sune Boris , Rømer Maria Unni , Christensen Ib Jarle , Høgdall Estrid , Moreira José , Nielsen Dorte L. , Brünner Nils , Stenvang Jan 
Published: April 2015

Topoisomerase‐1 (Top1) targeting drugs have shown promising efficacy in patients with metastatic breast cancer (BC). However, these drugs are rather toxic calling for development and validation of predictive biomarkers to increase the therapeutic index. As these drugs are targeting the Top1 protein and since no validated anti‐Top1 antibodies for immunohistochemistry have been reported, we raised the hypothesis that TOP1 gene amplifications may serve as a proxy for the Top1 protein and thereby a biomarker of response to treatment with Top1 inhibitors in BC. The aim was to determine the prevalence of TOP1 gene copy gain in BC.The prevalence of TOP1 gene copy gain was investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization with a TOP1/CEN‐20 probemix in normal breast tissue (N = 100) and in tissue from patients with metastatic BC in a discovery (N = 100) and a validation cohort (N = 205). As amplification of 20q including CEN‐20 is common in BC a TOP1/CEN‐2 probemix was applied to the validation cohort.More than 30% of the patients had gene copy numbers of ≥ 4 and ∼20% of the patients had TOP1/CEN‐20 ratios ≥ 1.5. The CEN‐2 probe did not add any information.Gain of the TOP1 gene appears to be common in BC making the gene a potential biomarker for response to treatment with Top1 inhibitors. As 20q amplification is a common finding in BC and as no other suitable reference gene has yet been identified, TOP1 copy number may be a more valid method of detecting gain than using a gene/centromere ratio.
Replication of Grier, Henry, Olekalns and Shields (2004): the Asymmetric Effects of Uncertainty on Inflation and Output Growth
Authors: Savva Christos S. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryIn their influential work Grier et al.(The asymmetric effects of uncertainty on inflation and output growth. Journal of Applied Econometrics 2004; 19: 551–565) examine the effects of growth and inflation uncertainties on their average rates. The current study replicates their main results and performs a similar analysis on a more recent dataset. Their findings are confirmed to a large extent. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HCBP6 Modulates Triglyceride Homeostasis in Hepatocytes Via the SREBP1c/FASN Pathway
Authors: Gao Li‐Li , Li Min , Wang Qi , Liu Shun‐Ai , Zhang Jin‐Qian , Cheng Jun 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTHypertriglyceridemia leads to liver steatosis, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes. Although HCBP6 (hepatitis C virus core‐binding protein 6) was previously shown to be an HCV (hepatitis C virus) core‐binding protein, its biological function remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that HCBP6 negatively regulates intracellular triglyceride (TG) levels in hepatocytes. We found that bidirectional manipulation of hepatocyte HCBP6 expression by knockdown or overexpression results in increased or decreased TG accumulation, respectively. In addition, HCBP6 mRNA and protein levels exhibited significant time‐ and dose‐dependent increases in a cellular model of lipid‐overload hepatic steatosis. Furthermore, TG levels are regulated by HCBP6‐sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP1c)‐mediated fatty acid synthase (FASN) expression. We also demonstrate that HCBP6 mRNA and protein expression is inhibited by microRNA‐122 (miR‐122), and miR‐122 overexpression elicited more robust translational repression of luciferase activity driven by the full 3′‐UTR of HCBP6. Taken together, our results provide new evidence that miR‐122‐regulated HCBP6 functions as a sensor protein to maintain intrahepatocyte TG levels. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2375–2384, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.