bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MDD–SOH: exploiting maximal dependence decomposition to identify S-sulfenylation sites with substrate motifs
Authors: Bui Van-Minh , Lu Cheng-Tsung , Ho Thi-Trang , Lee Tzong-Yi 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
S-sulfenylation (S-sulphenylation, or sulfenic acid), the covalent attachment of S-hydroxyl (–SOH) to cysteine thiol, plays a significant role in redox regulation of protein functions. Although sulfenic acid is transient and labile, most of its physiological activities occur under control of S-hydroxylation. Therefore, discriminating the substrate site of S-sulfenylated proteins is an essential task in computational biology for the furtherance of protein structures and functions. Research into S-sulfenylated protein is currently very limited, and no dedicated tools are available for the computational identification of SOH sites. Given a total of 1096 experimentally verified S-sulfenylated proteins from humans, this study carries out a bioinformatics investigation on SOH sites based on amino acid composition and solvent-accessible surface area. A TwoSampleLogo indicates that the positively and negatively charged amino acids flanking the SOH sites may impact the formulation of S-sulfenylation in closed three-dimensional environments. In addition, the substrate motifs of SOH sites are studied using the maximal dependence decomposition (MDD). Based on the concept of binary classification between SOH and non-SOH sites, Support vector machine (SVM) is applied to learn the predictive model from MDD-identified substrate motifs. According to the evaluation results of 5-fold cross-validation, the integrated SVM model learned from substrate motifs yields an average accuracy of 0.87, significantly improving the prediction of SOH sites. Furthermore, the integrated SVM model also effectively improves the predictive performance in an independent testing set. Finally, the integrated SVM model is applied to implement an effective web resource, named MDD-SOH, to identify SOH sites with their corresponding substrate motifs.
Availability and implementation: The MDD-SOH is now freely available to all interested users at http://csb.cse.yzu.edu.tw/MDDSOH/. All of the data set used in this work is also available for download in the website.
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Contact: francis@saturn.yzu.edu.tw
Influence of call structure on the jamming avoidance response of echolocating bats
Authors: Gillam Erin H. , Montero B. Karina 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBats rely heavily on echolocation for orientation and prey detection, hence acoustic signals that interfere with echo reception are problematic. When flying in the presence of other bats, some species adjust their echolocation to avoid frequency overlap with the calls of nearby conspecifics, known as a jamming avoidance response (JAR). One aspect of JAR that has not been thoroughly examined is how the spectral structure of the jamming signal impacts the jamming response. Our objective was to examine how the structural characteristics of an echolocation broadcast impact JAR in free-flying Brazilian free-tailed bats, Tadarida brasiliensis . We created 4 echolocation playbacks that differed only in call shape and frequency modulation. We examined the response of bats when flying in the presence of an unchanging broadcast (static stimulus) and when the playback signal was abruptly switched as the bat approached the speaker (dynamic stimulus). Results revealed that the bandwidth of the interfering signal impacted the strength of the observed JAR, while the presence and/or length of a terminal quasi-constant frequency section in the interfering signal did not. Our results agree with laboratory studies documenting JAR in the presence of white noise, as well as field studies demonstrating extensive variability in the echolocation calls of Brazilian free-tailed bats. We relate these results to previous findings on JAR, including a recent study documenting no JAR in a bat species and suggest further experiments to tease apart the physiological limitations of JAR. Overall, this study provides additional insight into the signal processing capabilities of bats and improves our understanding of how bats are able to orient using sound in a noisy world.
First measurement of H i 21 cm emission from a GRB host galaxy indicates a post-merger system
Authors: Arabsalmani Maryam , Roychowdhury Sambit , Zwaan Martin A. , Kanekar Nissim , Michałowski Michał J. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
We report the detection and mapping of atomic hydrogen in H i 21 cm emission from ESO 184-G82, the host galaxy of the gamma-ray burst 980425. This is the first instance where H i in emission has been detected from a galaxy hosting a gamma-ray burst (GRB). ESO 184-G82 is an isolated galaxy and contains a Wolf–Rayet region close to the location of the GRB and the associated supernova, SN 1998bw. This is one of the most luminous H ii regions identified in the local Universe, with a very high inferred density of star formation. The H i 21 cm observations reveal a high H i mass for the galaxy, twice as large as the stellar mass. The spatial and velocity distribution of the H i 21 cm emission reveals a disturbed rotating gas disc, which suggests that the galaxy has undergone a recent minor merger that disrupted its rotation. We find that the Wolf–Rayet region and the GRB are both located in the highest H i column density region of the galaxy. We speculate that the merger event has resulted in shock compression of the gas, triggering extreme star formation activity, and resulting in the formation of both the Wolf–Rayet region and the GRB. The high H i column density environment of the GRB is consistent with the high H i column densities seen in absorption in the host galaxies of high-redshift GRBs.
Discovery of two new bright magnetic B stars: i Car and Atlas
Authors: Neiner Coralie , Buysschaert Bram , Oksala Mary E. , Blazère Aurore 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The BRITE (BRIght Target Explorer) constellation of nanosatellites performs seismology of bright stars via high-precision photometry. In this context, we initiated a high-resolution, high signal-to-noise, high-sensitivity, spectropolarimetric survey of all stars brighter than V = 4. The goal of this survey is to detect new bright magnetic stars and provide prime targets for both detailed magnetic studies and asteroseismology with BRITE. Circularly polarized spectra were acquired with Narval at TBL (Bernard Lyot Telescope, France) and HARPSpol at ESO (European Southern Observatory) in La Silla (Chile). We discovered two new magnetic B stars: the B3V star i Car and the B8V component of the binary star Atlas. Each star was observed twice to confirm the magnetic detections and check for variability. These bright magnetic B stars are prime targets for asteroseismology and for flux-demanding techniques, such as interferometry.
Epidemiology and Outcome of Trichosporon Fungemia: A Review of 185 Reported Cases From 1975 to 2014
Authors: Liao Yong , Lu Xuelian , Yang Suteng , Luo Yi , Chen Qi , Yang Rongya 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Background.  Trichosporon species have emerged as an important non-Candida spp yeast pathogen in immunocompromised patients in recent decades; however, the systemic analysis of Trichosporon epidemiology has seldom been reported.
Methods.  We reviewed 185 reported cases of Trichosporon fungemia from 1975 to 2014 in the English-language literature, and the epidemiology and prognostic factors of the included cases are described.
Results.  The number of cases reported has increased with time, especially over the past decade. During the 3 decades from 1975 to 2004, the most commonly used antifungal compounds were amphotericin B/liposomal amphotericin B; however, in recent decades (2005–2014), triazoles (especially voriconazole) have become the most widely used agents, significantly improving outcome in the reported cases. Correlation analysis revealed that negative outcome is associated with several prognostic factors, including a history of antimicrobial use, bacterial bloodstream coinfection, prophylactic/empirical antifungal therapy, Trichosporon beigelii infection, and receiving the antifungal regimen of amphotericin B/liposomal amphotericin B. In addition, a significantly greater proportion of patients with a positive outcome had fungemia without invasive tissue infection and received a voriconazole regimen or an AmB-triazole combined regimen. Significant positive outcome was also associated with patients who had recovered from neutropenia or after central venous catheter removal.
Conclusions.  Voriconazole can be recommended as a first-line antifungal compound to treat Trichosporon fungemia; the immune status of the host plays a crucial role in the outcome of this infection, and the removal of vascular catheters should be considered if feasible.
Efficiency, Welfare, and Political Competition
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Authors: Bierbrauer Felix J. , Boyer Pierre C. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
We study political competition in an environment in which voters have private information about their preferences. Our framework covers models of income taxation, public-goods provision, or publicly provided private goods. Politicians are vote-share maximizers. They can propose any policy that is resource-feasible and incentive-compatible. They can also offer special favors to subsets of the electorate. We prove two main results. First, the unique symmetric equilibrium is such that policies are surplus-maximizing and hence first-best Pareto-efficient. Second, there is a surplus-maximizing policy that wins a majority against any welfare-maximizing policy. Thus, in our model, policies that trade off equity and efficiency considerations are politically infeasible.
Prothrombin Complex Concentrate Is Effective in Treating the Anticoagulant Effects of Dabigatran in a Porcine Polytrauma Model
Authors: Honickel Markus , Braunschweig Till , van Ryn Joanne , ten Cate Hugo , Spronk Henri M. H. , Rossaint Rolf , Grottke Oliver 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAbstract
In a porcine traumatic animal model of bleeding, 50 U/kg of a four-component prothrombin complex concentrates reversed dabigatran-associated bleeding. Higher doses of 100 U/kg were also effective but associated with a potential hypercoagulable effect.

Background
In the event of trauma, emergency reversal of anticoagulation therapy may be required. However, no specific reversal agents are routinely available for the direct oral anticoagulants such as dabigatran. The authors investigated four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) for treating dabigatran-induced anticoagulation in a porcine polytrauma model.

Methods
Dabigatran etexilate was given orally for 3 days and intravenously on day 4 to 32 pigs. Animals were randomized 1:1:1:1 to PCC (25, 50, or 100 U/kg) or saline. Study medication was administered 12 min after bilateral femur fractures and blunt liver injury. The primary endpoint was blood loss at 300 min.

Results
The mean plasma concentration of dabigatran was 487 ± 161 ng/ml after intravenous administration. Blood loss was 3,855 ± 258 ml in controls and 3,588 ± 241 ml in the PCC25 group. In the PCC50 and PCC100 groups, blood loss was significantly lower: 1,749 ± 47 ml and 1,692 ± 97 ml, respectively. PCC50 and PCC100 effectively reduced dabigatran’s effects on coagulation parameters, whereas control and (to a lesser extent) PCC25 animals developed severe coagulopathy. Sustained increases in endogenous thrombin potential occurred with PCC50 and PCC100.

Conclusion
Four-factor PCC (50 or 100 U/kg) is effective in reducing blood loss in dabigatran-anticoagulated pigs, but higher doses may induce a procoagulant state.
Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services framework applied to TeamSTEPPS implementation in small rural hospitals
Authors: Ward Marcia M. , Baloh Jure , Zhu Xi , Stewart Greg L. 
Published: September 2015

Background:
A particularly useful model for examining implementation of quality improvement interventions in health care settings is the PARIHS (Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services) framework developed by Kitson and colleagues. The PARIHS framework proposes three elements (evidence, context, and facilitation) that are related to successful implementation.

Purposes:
An evidence-based program focused on quality enhancement in health care, termed TeamSTEPPS (Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety), has been widely promoted by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, but research is needed to better understand its implementation. We apply the PARIHS framework in studying TeamSTEPPS implementation to identify elements that are most closely related to successful implementation.

Methodology/Approach:
Quarterly interviews were conducted over a 9-month period in 13 small rural hospitals that implemented TeamSTEPPS. Interview quotes that were related to each of the PARIHS elements were identified using directed content analysis. Transcripts were also scored quantitatively, and bivariate regression analysis was employed to explore relationships between PARIHS elements and successful implementation related to planning activities.

Findings:
The current findings provide support for the PARIHS framework and identified two of the three PARIHS elements (context and facilitation) as important contributors to successful implementation.

Practice Implications:
This study applies the PARIHS framework to TeamSTEPPS, a widely used quality initiative focused on improving health care quality and patient safety. By focusing on small rural hospitals that undertook this quality improvement activity of their own accord, our findings represent effectiveness research in an understudied segment of the health care delivery system. By identifying context and facilitation as the most important contributors to successful implementation, these analyses provide a focus for efficient and effective sustainment of TeamSTEPPS efforts.
Preliminary Report—The Long Leg Cast With a Pelvic Band
Authors: Pidgeon Tyler S. , Schiller Jonathan 
Published: September 2015

Objectives
The aim of the study was to describe the long leg cast with a pelvic band (LLCPB), a novel alternative to spica casting for treating femur fractures in patients aged 6 months to 6 years which requires no casting above the waist, allows for hip flexion adjustments after it is applied, and does not require an operating room for placement.

Methods
Seven children aged 7.9 months to 3.7 years with femur fractures treated with the LLCPB at a single institution were retrospectively studied. All children were casted in the emergency department under conscious sedation. Radiographic and subjective outcomes were recorded.

Results
All 7 children achieved acceptable reduction of their fractures without the need for re-reduction or cast wedging. Five of the 7 children were discharged from the emergency department; 1 child required 1 night of hospitalization and another child required 2 nights of hospitalization. There were no complications. The cost of placing an LLCPB at our institution was $430.46. The cost of placing a spica cast in the operating room was $5427.54 to $6465.00.

Conclusions
The long leg cast with a pelvic band seems to be an acceptable treatment for children aged 8 months to 4 years with spiral femur fractures. This technique has significant advantages over traditional and modified spica casts including allowing for uninhibited toileting, weight bearing on the unaffected leg, adjustment of hip flexion at any point after placement, and easier access to the perineum, abdomen, and chest for hygienic and medical purposes. Furthermore, treatment with an LLCPB presents significant potential for cost savings.
Mental Health Screening Among Adolescents and Young Adults in the Emergency Department
Authors: Nager Alan L. , Pham Phung K. , Grajower Daniel N. , Gold Jeffrey I. 
Published: September 2015

Objective
To determine if a new, non-validated mental health screener can detect the prevalence of alcohol/drug abuse, traumatic exposure, and behavioral symptoms in adolescents and young adults seeking care in a pediatric emergency department (ED) for medical complaints.

Methods
An 11-item mental health screener (Emergency Department Distress Response Screener [ED-DRS] investigator developed) was created. Patients 12 years or older seen for medical complaints were assessed by physicians using the ED-DRS. Data were analyzed using the Kuder-Richardson Formula 20, χ2 test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation.

Results
Among 992 ED patients, mean age was 15.11 ± 2.10 years (46.2% boys; 53.8% girls). Approximately 77.9% were Hispanic/Latino. Symptomatic patients (S) answered “yes” to at least 1 ED-DRS item; asymptomatic patients answered “no” to all items. The S patients comprised 47.5% of the sample; asymptomatic patients comprised 52.5%. Among S patients, alcohol/drug abuse frequency was 14%. The traumatic exposure frequencies included: 33.5% physically or emotionally traumatized, 29.3% bullied, 21.2% physically abused, 8.1% touched inappropriately and 7.0% exposed to domestic violence. Behavioral symptom frequencies included: 33.8% depressed mood, 30.4% anxiety, 23.8% high energy behavior, 6.6% hallucinations, and 6.2% suicidal/homicidal ideation.

Conclusions
Although patients present to the ED with medical complaints, they may be at risk for concomitant mental health problems potentially discoverable using the ED-DRS.
Afebrile Infants Evaluated in the Emergency Department for Serious Bacterial Infection
Authors: Miller Aaron S. , Hall Laura E. , Jones Katherine M. , Le Catherine , El Feghaly Rana E. 
Published: September 2015

Objectives
Afebrile infants 0 to 60 days of age are sometimes evaluated for serious bacterial infection (SBI). Our objective was to describe the clinical and laboratory findings in this population and compare them to their febrile counterparts.

Methods
We performed a retrospective observational study comparing afebrile infants undergoing an SBI evaluation to those evaluated for fever.

Results
We included infants who were admitted to the hospital and had at least 2 of 3 following bacterial cultures: blood, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid. Of the 1184 infants presenting to the emergency department with chief complaints that may prompt an SBI evaluation, 579 patients met our inclusion criteria with 362 in the fever group and 217 in the afebrile group. The most common chief complaints in the afebrile group were respiratory symptoms (27%), seizure (22%), vomiting/diarrhea (21%), and apparent life-threatening event (11%). Rates of true-positive blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid cultures were 2%, 2.4%, and 0.9% respectively. All cases of bacterial meningitis were in the fever group antibiotics (P = 0.16). Infants with fever were more likely to receive antibiotics (P < 0.001), although there were no statistical differences between the 2 groups in the rates of positive blood or urine cultures.

Conclusions
Afebrile infants make up a significant percentage of SBI evaluations in the emergency department. Respiratory symptoms, vomiting, and seizure-like activity are common presentations. Although rates of bacteremia and urinary tract infection are higher in the febrile group, this did not reach statistical significance, and therefore afebrile infants should still be considered at risk for SBI.
SimBaby Plus Standardized Patient Teaching Model in the Teaching of Cases of Acute and Severe Bronchopneumonia in Infancy
Authors: Chuan Wen , Jie Xiong , Cheng Wang , Xiao-chuan Wu , Ding-an Mao , Sheng Chen 
Published: September 2015

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of SimBaby plus standardized patient (SP) teaching model in the simulation teaching of acute and severe bronchopneumonia in infancy.

Methods
A total of 40 students majoring in clinical medicine were assigned to either group A (SimBaby group, n = 20) or group B (SP + SimBaby group, n = 20). Medical students' expertise and their ability to apply the expertise on acute and severe bronchopneumonia in infancy were assessed using a scoring method, and the impact of the teaching model of SimBaby plus SP on medical students' comprehensive clinical capacity was assessed using a questionnaire.

Results
The SimBaby plus SP teaching model resulted in medical students' improvement in mastery and application of the knowledge on diagnostic accuracy, airway management, endotracheal intubation, and cardiac massage, enhancement of learning interest, learning initiative, and enthusiasm, as well as abilities in assessment of information, meta-analysis, linguistic organization and expression, communication, and clinical thinking.

Conclusions
The SimBaby plus SP teaching model provided students with a real simulation-based teaching case of “interrogation-physical examination-operating practices” achieving satisfactory teaching outcome and also provided a reference case example for clinical teaching of other pediatric diseases.
Controlled‐source electromagnetic monitoring of reservoir oil saturation using a novel borehole‐to‐surface configuration
Authors: Tietze Kristina , Ritter Oliver , Veeken Paul 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTTo advance and optimize secondary and tertiary oil recovery techniques, it is essential to know the areal propagation and distribution of the injected fluids in the subsurface. We investigate the applicability of controlled‐source electromagnetic methods to monitor fluid movements in a German oilfield (Bockstedt, onshore Northwest Germany) as injected brines (highly saline formation water) have much lower electrical resistivity than the oil within the reservoir. The main focus of this study is on controlled‐source electromagnetic simulations to test the sensitivity of various source–receiver configurations. The background model for the simulations is based on two‐dimensional inversion of magnetotelluric data gathered across the oil field and calibrated with resistivity logs. Three‐dimensional modelling results suggest that controlled‐source electromagnetic methods are sensitive to resistivity changes at reservoir depths, but the effect is difficult to resolve with surface measurements only. Resolution increases significantly if sensors or transmitters can be placed in observation wells closer to the reservoir. In particular, observation of the vertical electric field component in shallow boreholes and/or use of source configurations consisting of combinations of vertical and horizontal dipoles are promising. Preliminary results from a borehole‐to‐surface controlled‐source electromagnetic field survey carried out in spring 2014 are in good agreement with the modelling studies.