bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brandfallverhalten von VSG‐Scheiben mit PVB‐Folie im Überkopfbereich
Authors: Heinemeyer Christoph , Langosch Katharina , Feldmann Markus 
Published: April 2014

AbstractDie Überdachung von öffentlichen Bereichen wie z.B. Einkaufspassagen, Bahnhöfen und auch von stark befahrenen Straßen in städtischen Gebieten stellt eine weitere innovative Anwendung von Überkopfverglasungen dar. Unabhängig vom Anwendungsfall ist die Betrachtung des Brandfallverhaltens von Überkopfverglasungen in Hinblick auf die Sicherheit von Personen (und des Rettungspersonals) bei Feuerausbreitung und aufgrund von herunterfallenden Glasstücken notwendig. Die Erkenntnisse über das Brandfallverhalten von horizontalen Verglasungen werden im vorliegenden Aufsatz präsentiert und die grundsätzlichen Unterschiede zum Brandfallverhalten von Vertikalverglasungen aufgezeigt.Performance of overhead glazing in fire. The roofing of public places such as shopping malls, train stations and heavily traveled roads in urban areas is another innovative application of overhead glazing. For all the mentioned applications also considerations concerning the safety in case of fire are necessary. Especially walkways serving as escape routes may be affected by fire such that glass falls down and endangers occupants and/or fire brigades. Many investigations have been performed in the past to determine the fire behavior of vertical glazing such as facades and windows. Horizontal overhead glazing, however, differs significantly in loading and set‐up from vertical glazing. This paper discusses differences between horizontal and vertical glazing and presents the results of fire tests performed on typical overhead glass. Also, conclusions are drawn for the fire design of such glass structures.
Untersuchungen zum Resttragverhalten von Verbundglas: Through‐Cracked‐Tensile Test
Authors: Franz Johannes , Schneider Jens , Kuntsche Johannes , Hilcken Jonas 
Published: April 2014

AbstractDas Adhäsionsverhalten von Verbundglas ist eine wichtige Eigenschaft, die Aussagen bezüglich der Eignung der Folie für bestimmte Anwendungsfälle zulässt. Diese lässt sich mit dem sogenannten Through‐Cracked‐Tensile Test (TCT Test) untersuchen, bei welchem beide Glasscheiben eines VSG senkrecht zur Zugrichtung in der Mitte gebrochen und anschließend einem Zugversuch unterworfen werden. Dadurch muss an der Bruchstelle die Zugkraft vollständig von der Zwischenschicht übertragen werden. Im Rahmen der durchgeführten Versuche wurden drei unterschiedliche Wegraten und drei Haftgrade (gering, mittel, hoch) geprüft. Ziel ist es, den Einfluss dieser Parameter auf das Delaminationsverhalten zwischen Folie und Glas zu ermitteln.Investigation of the post‐breakage behavior of laminated glass: Through‐Cracked‐Tensile test. The adhesion behavior of laminated glass is an important property that allows conclusions about the suitability of the interlayer material for certain applications. This can be investigated by the Through‐Cracked‐Tensile test (TCT test). The TCT test is an uniaxial tensile test on laminated glass, in which both glass perpendicular to the tensile direction in the middle are broken. Therefore the interlayer must transfer the tensile at this region. In the scope of the performed TCT tests three displacement rates and three different adhesions grades (low, medium, high) were investigated. The aim of the tests is to determine the influence of these parameters on the behavior of the delamination between the interlayer and the glass.
Untersuchung der zyklischen Ermüdung von thermisch vorgespanntem Kalk‐Natron‐Silikatglas
Authors: Hilcken Jonas , Boxheimer Kaja , Schneider Jens , Wörner Johann‐Dietrich , Franz Johannes 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBauteile, die zeitlich veränderlichen und periodisch wiederkehrenden Lasten ausgesetzt sind, müssen häufig auch hinsichtlich ihres Ermüdungsverhaltens eingestuft und bemessen werden. Im Glasbau fehlen hierzu noch Grundlagen auf der Widerstandsseite, da das zyklische Ermüdungsverhalten von Glas für Anwendungen und Einwirkungen im Bauwesen bisher wenig untersucht wurde. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die bruchmechanischen Grundlagen der Ermüdung von thermisch vorgespanntem Glas erläutert, die Ergebnisse von Dauerschwingversuchen bei verschiedenen Frequenzen und Umgebungsbedingungen an thermisch vorgespannten Gläsern (ESG) vorgestellt und mit einem numerischen Modell zur Simulation des Risswachstums unter zyklischer Belastung verglichen.Investigation of the cyclic fatigue of tempered soda lime silica glass. Structural components subjected to fluctuating and cyclic loading have to be classified and designed considering cyclic fatigue. For the design of glass elements in structural engineering, fundamental knowledge about the resistance of glasses exposed to cyclic loading is limited. This article explains the fatigue of tempered glass and presents the results of cyclic loading tests at different frequencies and environmental conditions of tempered glass. The results are compared to a numerical model to simulate crack growth under cyclic loading.
Dünne Barriereschichten auf Floatglas
Authors: Rüffer Paul , Heft Andreas , Grünler Bernd 
Published: April 2014

AbstractGewöhnliches Floatglas (Kalk‐Natron‐Silicat‐Glas) ist kein inertes Material. Seine chemische Beständigkeit kann deutlich verbessert werden. Die Glaskorrosion beginnt immer mit dem Kontakt der Glasoberfläche mit einer wässrigen Lösung. Dieser Prozess beginnt sofort nach der Produktion. In diesem Abschnitt zeigen wir, wie die erste Phase der Floatglaskorrosion durch Abscheiden von Siliciumoxidschichten (SiOx) im Bereich von bis zu 50 nm Dicke mit einem Atmosphärendruckbeschichtungsverfahren ‐ Combustion Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD‐C) ‐ unterdrückt werden kann.Thin barrier layers on float glass. Common float glass (soda lime silicate glass) is not an inert material. Its chemical durability can be improved. Glass corrosion always starts in relation with glass‐surface‐contact to an aqueous solution. This process begins immediately after production. In this paper we show how the initial stage of float glass corrosion can be inhibited by depositing silicon oxide layers (SiOx) in the range up to 50 nm thickness using an atmospheric pressure coating method ‐ Combustion Chemical Vapor Deposition (C‐CVD).
Dehnungsmessung in gekrümmten Glaslaminaten mit faseroptischen Sensoren
Authors: Fildhuth Thiemo , Knippers Jan 
Published: April 2014

AbstractGlas wird oft lastabtragend eingesetzt, wobei aus Gründen der Sicherheit und des Tragverhaltens Laminate zum Einsatz kommen. Insbesondere kalt gebogene, durch Lamination formstabilisierte Gläser sind ein zunehmend nachgefragtes Produkt. Herstellungsprozess und Nutzung führen in solchen Laminaten zu teils unbekannten Spannungen, welche die Aufnahme äußerer Einwirkungen begrenzen. Optische Messverfahren mit polarisiertem Licht erlauben keine Erfassung dieser Spannungen. Dünne, innen auf die Gläser geklebte faseroptische Sensoren stellen eine mögliche Lösung dar: In Versuchen an kalt gebogenen Gläsern wird gezeigt, dass optische Sensorik dem Laminationsprozess standhält und sich für kontinuierliche Dehnungsmessungen in Glaslaminaten eignet.Fibre Optical Sensors for Strain Measurement in Cold Bent Glass Laminates. Many glass products, e.g. for structural application, are conceived as laminates for safety and load bearing behaviour reasons. Cold bent glass with shape preservation by lamination is another, increasingly popular technique. Due to manufacturing and application, such laminates can be subjected to unknown, varying interior stresses limiting the additional load bearing capacity. Optical measurement based on polarised light does not permit to determine these stresses. Thin, barely visible fibre optical sensors, glued to the interior glass surfaces, are a possible solution. R
Parametrisches Fassadensystem
Authors: Fuchs Andreas , Pelzer Michael 
Published: April 2014

AbstractDie modernen digitalen Planungstools erlauben es nicht nur, komplexe frei geformte Baukörper mit überschaubarem Aufwand zu realisieren, sondern auch einzelne, klassischerweise seriell gefertigte Bauteile wie Fassadenelemente ‐ parametrisch beschrieben ‐ lokal zu differenzieren. Die Informierung der Geometrie mit energierelevanten Daten wie Wärmeeintrag, Solargewinne oder Lichtausbeute führen dabei durch rein passive (geometrische) Maßnahmen zu effizienteren Gebäuden. Das von FAT LAB in Zusammenarbeit mit Schüco entwickelte Elementfassadensystem “Parametric Concept“ steht für einen gesamtheitlichen Systemansatz, in dem das Prinzip des “Mass Customization“ von der digitalen Planung bis hin zur Fertigung und Montage konsequent umgesetzt wird.Parametric façade system. As well as allowing for the construction of complex free‐form Buildings, modern CAD‐tools also make use of parametric principles to locally differentiate components such as facade elements which are traditionally manufactured in a classical serial manner. Their geometry can be informed with energetically relevant data like heat load, solar gains and daylight yield and therefore improve the building performance by applying passive (geometric) measures. ‘Parametric Concept’ is an element facade system developed by FAT LAB in cooperation with Schüco. It represents a fully integrated, systematic approach to façade realisation, implementing principles of mass‐customization into every step of the process from CAD planning to digital manufacturing and product assembly.
Glas‐Beton‐Konstruktion ‐ Glasdach mit neu entwickelter Lastabtragung
Authors: Baumgärtner Thomas 
Published: April 2014

AbstractDie Eingänge zum Bahnschacht, einer im Norden von Nürnberg befindlichen U‐Bahnstation, bestehen zum größten Teil aus Glas und Beton. Die reine Glasdachkonstruktion wird durch seitlich parallel angeordnete Betonscheiben gehalten. Die in der Konstruktion verwendeten Glasschwerter als Träger der Glasdachscheiben weisen einen ständig wechselnden Neigungswinkel auf, der sich nach dem Lauf der Betonscheiben richtet. Die einzelnen Glasschwerter werden über eine speziell für dieses Projekt entwickelte Abspannkonstruktion stabilisiert. Die Dachkonstruktion selbst wurde unsichtbar in die Wand eingelassen. Hierfür wurde eine technisch anspruchsvolle Lösung für die Lagerung der Dachkonstruktion entwickelt.Glass‐ concrete‐construction ‐ glass roof with newly developed load transfer. The entrances to the tunnel of a subway station located in the north of Nuremberg consist mainly of glass and concrete. The glass‐only roof structure is supported by lateral concrete walls arranged parallel to one another. The glass fins used in the design as supports for the glass roof sheets have a continually changing inclination angle that follows the curvature of the concrete walls. The individual glass fins are stabilized using a bracing system designed specifically for this project. The roof structure itself was invisibly integrated into the wall. To do so, a technically ambitious solution for the mounting of the roof structure was developed.
Demographic characteristics of elk in the Glass Mountains, Texas
Authors: Pohler Paula Skrobarczyk , Harveson Louis A. , Harveson Patricia Moody 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTHistorically distributed throughout North America, most populations of elk (Cervus elaphus) were extirpated by the early 20th century. Merriam elk (C. e. merriami) were once native to Texas, USA, and became extinct after the beginning of the 20th century through excessive hunting and degradation of habitat. Since then, landowners and state agencies have reintroduced Rocky Mountain elk (C. e. nelsoni) into the Trans‐Pecos region of Texas. We determined herd composition, density, and survival rate of elk in the Glass Mountains, Texas. Twenty‐six total density surveys were conducted in September and October of 2009 and 2010. Survival rate was determined by monitoring radiocollared elk. Collectively, calf:adult female:adult male ratios were found to be at moderate levels of 49:100:39. Our density estimate of 0.39 elk/km2 (95% CI = 0.18–0.78 elk/km2) indicated the population could have stayed the same or possibly doubled in size since 1983 (0.21–0.22 elk/km2; Grace 1983). The elk density in the Glass Mountains was much higher than that estimated for the much larger Trans‐Pecos region, which was 0.14 elk/km2 (95% CI = 0.03–0.33 elk/km2). We estimated annual survival of mature male elk at 97.1% and of female elk at 94.4%, both of which are comparable to other sustainable populations in arid lands. Elk are not subject to a regulated harvest in Texas. Forming a cooperative management program and improved estimates of population dynamics will result in better management recommendations to resource managers. © 2014 The Wildlife Society.
Dynamics of the conductivity bodies of pendulum types in alternating magnetic field
Authors: Skubov D.Yu. , Vavilov D.S. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe investigations fulfilled in this article are founded on two results. The first is experiments of M. Beteno, Y. Duboshinsky. The description of these experiments is adduced in [1]. In these experiments the low frequency oscillations of iron ball suspended on the thin string [1] were obtained (frequency of these oscillations is order to eigen frequency of pendulum). And the second is theoretical conclusions about possible stabilizations of early (without alternating magnetic field) unstable equilibrium positions. This theoretical result was obtained by the asymptotical solution of Lagrange‐Maxwell equations of dynamic of electromechanical systems suspended in alternating magnetic field [2].
Partnership for Sustainability in Cardiac Surgery to Address Critical Rheumatic Heart Disease in Sub‐Saharan Africa: The Experience from Rwanda
Authors: Swain JaBaris D. , Pugliese Daniel N. , Mucumbitsi Joseph , Rusingiza Emmanuel K. , Ruhamya Nathan , Kagame Abel , Ganza Gapira , Come Patricia C. , Breakey Suellen , Greenwood Bonnie , Muehlschlegel Jochen D. , Patton‐Bolman Cecilia , Binagwaho Agnes , Morton Bolman R. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractImportanceRheumatic heart disease (RHD) in the developing world results in critical disability among children, adolescents, and young adults—marginalizing a key population at its peak age of productivity. Few regions in sub‐Saharan Africa have independently created an effective strategy to detect and treat streptococcal infection and mitigate its progression to RHD.ObjectiveWe describe a unique collaboration, where the Rwanda Ministry of Health, the Rwanda Heart Foundation, and an expatriate humanitarian cardiac surgery program have together leveraged an innovative partnership as a means to expand Rwanda’s current capacity to address screening and primary prevention, as well as provide life‐saving cardiac surgery for patients with critical RHD.Evidence reviewInterviews with key personnel and review of administrative records were conducted to obtain qualitative and quantitative data on the recruitment of clinical personnel, procurement of equipment, and program finances. The number of surgical cases completed and the resultant clinical outcomes are reviewed.FindingsFrom 2008 to 2013, six annual visits were completed. A total of 128 prosthetic valves have been implanted in 86 complex patients in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV heart failure, with excellent clinical outcomes (5 % 30‐day mortality). Postoperative complications included a cerebrovascular accident (n = 1) and hemorrhage, requiring reoperation (n = 2). All procedures were performed with participation of local personnel.Conclusions and relevanceThis strategy provides a reliable and consistent model of sophisticated specialty care delivery; inclusive of patient‐centered cardiac surgery, mentorship, didactics, skill transfer, and investment in a sustainable cardiac program to address critical RHD in sub‐Saharan Africa.
The Importance of an Ethics Curriculum in Surgical Education
Authors: Keune Jason D. , Kodner Ira J. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe nature of surgical work provides fertile ground in which ethical problems can grow. The concept of what it means to be a “good surgeon” includes the ability to reason and deliberate about how the surgeon’s unique technical capabilities integrate with larger society. Ethics education at the resident level is important for several reasons. It can ensure that care is delivered in a socially and ethically responsible manner through global and emergent effects on institutions and traditions. It will prepare residents for leadership positions. It can allow residents to confront issues, such as the scientific underdetermination of surgical practice, the application of new technologies to trusting patients that have been developed by for‐profit companies, and a surgical environment that is becoming increasingly institutionalized. Resident ethics education provides the opportunity for a model of collective deliberation to be developed that can be used to make sense of ethical problems as they arise.
Factors Predicting Post‐thyroidectomy Hypoparathyroidism Recovery
Authors: Al‐Dhahri Saleh F. , Mubasher Mohamed , Mufarji Khamis , Allam Osama S. , Terkawi Abdullah S. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBackground
Hypoparathyroidism is the most common complication after thyroidectomy and the main reason for frequent outpatient visits; however, there is a poor understanding of its outcomes and no clear follow‐up strategies are available. We aimed to predict post‐thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism outcomes and identify relevant factors.MethodsA multicenter, standardized prospective study was conducted. The parathyroid hormone level (PTH) was measured preoperatively and at the first hour after surgery, then at each outpatient follow‐up visit after 1 week, 3 weeks, and 1 month, and then every 2 months, until it either reached normal values or up to 6 months. Cox proportional hazard modeling was used to determine the factors that affect PTH recovery. A Weibull distribution model was used to predict time to recovery. Both models were evaluated by goodness of fit.ResultsA total of 186 patients were enrolled in the study; 53 (28.5 %) developed hypoparathyroidism, 47 of them (88.6 %) females. Their mean age was 41.2 years, and 11.4 % were diabetic. Of these women, 33 (62.3 %) recovered within 1 month, 10 (18.9 %) recovered after 1 month but within 6 months, 7 (13.2 %) did not recover within 6 months, and 3 (5.6 %) missed follow‐up. Factors that are found to affect and predict the speed of recovery were the preoperative PTH level, perioperative percent drop in PTH level, diabetes mellitus, and gender.ConclusionsThis study provides potentially useful information for early prediction of PTH recovery, and it highlights the factors that affect the course of hypoparathyroidism recovery, which in turn should be reflected in better patient management, improved patient satisfaction, and overall cost‐effectiveness.
The state of the art in European research on reducing social exclusion and stigma related to mental health: A systematic mapping of the literature
Authors: Evans-Lacko S. , Courtin E. , Fiorillo A. , Knapp M. , Luciano M. , Park A.-L. , Brunn M. , Byford S. , Chevreul K. , Forsman A.K. , Gulacsi L. , Haro J.M. , Kennelly B. , Knappe S. , Lai T. , Lasalvia A. , Miret M. , O'Sullivan C. , Obradors-Tarragó C. , Rüsch N. , Sartorius N. , Švab V. , van Weeghel J. , Van Audenhove C. , Wahlbeck K. , Zlati A. ,   ROAMER Consortium, McDaid D. , Thornicroft G. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractStigma and social exclusion related to mental health are of substantial public health importance for Europe. As part of ROAMER (ROAdmap for MEntal health Research in Europe), we used systematic mapping techniques to describe the current state of research on stigma and social exclusion across Europe. Findings demonstrate growing interest in this field between 2007 and 2012. Most studies were descriptive (60%), focused on adults of working age (60%) and were performed in Northwest Europe—primarily in the UK (32%), Finland (8%), Sweden (8%) and Germany (7%). In terms of mental health characteristics, the largest proportion of studies investigated general mental health (20%), common mental disorders (16%), schizophrenia (16%) or depression (14%). There is a paucity of research looking at mechanisms to reduce stigma and promote social inclusion, or at factors that might promote resilience or protect against stigma/social exclusion across the life course. Evidence is also limited in relation to evaluations of interventions. Increasing incentives for cross-country research collaborations, especially with new EU Member States and collaboration across European professional organizations and disciplines, could improve understanding of the range of underpinning social and cultural factors which promote inclusion or contribute toward lower levels of stigma, especially during times of hardship.
Clinical characteristics and functions of non-suicide self-injury in youth
Authors: Rodav O. , Levy S. , Hamdan S. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractPurposeLittle is known about the clinical characteristics and motivations for engaging in non-suicide self-injury (NSSI) behaviors in adolescence. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence, characteristics and functions of NSSI among adolescents in community settings, and to explore risk factors related to this behavior.Subjects and methodsTwo hundred and seventy-five adolescents aged 12 to 17 were recruited randomly from different High Schools in Israel. They completed self-report questionnaires assessing NSSI (Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory), depression (Children's Depression Inventory – CDI) and impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale – BIS-II).ResultsIn the past year, 20.7% of the participants reported engaging NSSI at least once. Among them, 42.1% declared they are still engaging in NSSI at the present. Motives for NSSI were internal emotion regulation reasons, external emotion regulation reasons for social influences. In addition, the NSSI group reported significantly higher levels of depressive, impulsivity and suicidal ideations. Depressive symptoms were found as significant predictors of NSSI in the future.Discussion and conclusionsHigh rates of NSSI among community adolescents were found. Depression, impulsivity and suicidal ideation were found significantly related to NSSI. Mental health professionals in schools and in primary care should routinely assess NSSI among adolescents.
Hysterectomy trends over a 9‐year period in an endoscopic teaching center
Authors: Schollmeyer Thoralf , Elessawy Mohamed , Chastamouratidhs Babis , Alkatout Ibrahim , Meinhold‐Heerlein Ivo , Mettler Liselotte , Jonat Walter , Weigel Marion T. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate trends in the performance of hysterectomy at a single certified endoscopic teaching center.MethodsData were collected retrospectively from 953 patients who underwent hysterectomy between 2002 and 2010 for benign indications at UKSH, Germany. Preoperative risk scores were assigned to patients.ResultsThe most frequent indications for hysterectomy were uterine myoma, adenomyosis, prolapse, endometrial hyperplasia, menstrual disorders, and endometriosis. The shortest operating time was recorded for vaginal hysterectomy (VH) and the longest for laparoscopically assisted VH (LAVH). The average uterine weight was highest for abdominal hysterectomy (AH) and lowest for VH. The major postoperative complication rate was 11.8% for laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy (LSH) and 23.5% for AH. The highest intraoperative complication rate occurred with AH (46.4%) and the lowest with total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH; 3.6%). The minor postoperative complication rate was 5.9%. The mean preoperative score was 1.09 ± 1.51 for AH, 0.75 ± 0.96 for VH, 1.04 ± 1.30 for LSH, 1.0 ± 1.40 for LAVH, and 1.38 ± 1.52 for TLH.ConclusionLaparoscopic hysterectomies have become more common and were associated with decreased complication rates, despite the higher preoperative risk score of these patients.