bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iron Profile and Hematological Parameters in Patients with Advancing Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Lamichhane Anit , Bista Sahara , Rana Archan Shumsher , Gautam Dipika , Pokhrel Sushant , Khanal Sudip , Gautam Sujan , Joshi Govardhan , Shakya Jyotsna , Thakur Rajesh Kumar , Bhatt Mahendra Prasad 
Published: August 2024

Background: Iron deficiency anemia is the most common and early complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. On the other hand, excess iron supplementation induced iron overload, oxidative stress, hypersensitivity reactions and a permissive environment for infectious processes among CKD. Hence this study aims to determine the association of iron profile and hematological parameters with advancing CKD
Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 80 CKD patients attending Manmohan Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu. Demographics, anthropometry, blood glucose, RFT, Serum iron profile and complete blood count were measured. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated using Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) criteria for staging CKD.
Findings: The study included 80 participants out of which 48 (60%) were females and 32 (40%) were males. Overall, 82.5% of CKD patients were presented with anemia. Among the study population, 50% of CKD patients had normal iron status, 41.3% had iron deficiency, and 8.8% had iron overload. Out of total iron deficient individuals, 69.7% was found to have functional iron deficiency and 30.3% was found to have absolute iron deficiency. WBC and platelets were significantly decreased with increased availability of circulating iron and iron stores.
Conclusion: The functional iron deficiency worsens the severity of anemia with advancing CKD. However, iron overload in CKD patients is also associated with leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. Thus, regular investigation and monitoring of serum iron profile is required in CKD patients for the prevention from various complications.
Attitude and Factors Associated With the Use of Public Toilets among Women in Kathmandu Metropolitan City
Authors: Shrestha Tripti , Kandel Preju , Acharya Aashish , Khanal Sudip 
Published: August 2024

Background: The UN general assembly has identified sanitation as distinct human right. Along with the discovery of infectious diseases and changing lifestyle patterns in urban areas, sanitation needs have grown. As per the standard set by WHO, one toilet at 500m distance per 50 people is needed, which is unmet. Moreover, due to biological processes such as menstruation and high vulnerability to infections, women have a higher sanitation need.
Methodology: The study was descriptive, cross-sectional, conducted among 255 respondents. A purposive sampling method was applied, and respondents were interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaire. The collected data were entered and analyzed in IBM SPSS
Results: Out of the 255 respondents, 92% have used a public toilet at least once. Less than half (42.7%) of the respondents preferred to use a pay per use public toilet. Most of the respondents (93%) said that they were not satisfied with the state of public toilets. More than half (54.5%) had negative attitude towards using public toilets. Attitude towards using public toilets was found to be associated with their preference of type of toilet, importance of light, ventilation, soap, and absence of smell inside the toilet.
Conclusion: Most women were unsatisfied with the status of public toilets and would prefer not to use a pay per use toilet. Higher number of respondents having negative attitude towards using public toilets is justified by the findings from observation of the public toilets as well. An intervention to improve the status of public toilets and to make the public realize their ownership to maintain good status of public toilet seems to be needed.
Kajian Kualitas Air Terproduksi Minyak Bumi dan Dampaknya Terhadap Pencemaran Air Sungai Dong Rupit Di Kawasan Sumur Tua Minyak Bumi Desa Wonocolo, Bojonegoro, Jawa Timur
Authors: Irawan Agus Bambang , Waisnawa I Putu Gema Bujangga 
Published: August 2024

Kegiatan penambangan rakyat sumur tua minyak bumi di Desa Wonocolo, Kabupaten Bojonegoro Jawa Timur menghasilkan air terproduksi. Air terproduksi ini berasal dari sumur tua yang jumlahnya lebih dari 200 sumur. Dampak pembuangan air tersebut mengakibatkan pencemaran air Sungai Dong Rupit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji kualitas air terproduksi sumur tua minyak bumi di Desa Wonocolo dan dampaknya terhadap pencemaran Sungai Dong Rupit. Metode penelitian yang digunakan berupa observasi lapangan. Pengambilan sampel air terproduksi dilakukan berdasarkan lamanya sumur beroperasi, yaitu 2 jam/hari, 5 jam/hari dan 24 jam/hari. Sampel air sungai diambil 5 titik, yang mewakili hulu tengah dan hilir sungai. Hasil uji laboratorium air terproduksi pada ketiga sumur mengandung unsur-unsur Fe, Cu, Zn, Cl, Br, Ca, Si dan parameter polutan TDS, minyak lemak dan COD tinggi. Sumur minyak bumi yang beroperasi 24 jam/hari mengandung nilai Fe, Br dan Zn tertinggi, dibandingkan dua sumur lainnya. Kadar Cl, Ca, Cu, Si, COD, TDS, minyak dan lemak tertinggi bisa ditemukan dalam sumur minyak bumi yang beroperasi 5 jam/hari. Sungai Dong Rupit yang berada di sebelah utara kawasan sumur tua minyak bumi Desa Wonocolo tercemar polutan minyak dan lemak. Air Sungai Dong Rupit memiliki kadar TDS, COD, minyak lemak yang sangat tinggi dan telah melebihi baku mutu air kelas 3.
Various Conventional and Advanced Sintering Methods to Consolidate Powders
Authors: Debata Mayadhar , Sengupta Pradyut , Mandal Shuvam , Panigrahi Ajit , Basu Suddhasatwa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of sintering techniques and the microstructures and properties that can be achieved in different material systems. It covers conventional furnace sintering, microwave and laser sintering, hot and hot-isostatic pressing, and spark plasma sintering. It describes the advantages and disadvantages of each method, the mechanisms involved, and the effect of sintering parameters on the density, grain size, and mechanical properties of titanium and tungsten heavy alloys, stainless steel, cemented carbides, ceramics, composites, and rare earth magnets.
Relationship of Structure-Properties on the Powder Metal Materials
Authors: Kurt Adem 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The porous structure of powder-metal materials, and thus the sintering method, has a significant impact not only on the properties of PM components, but also on how they respond to surface treatments and fabrication processes such as coating and joining. This chapter explains how the microstructure of PM parts achieved by different sintering methods influences the development of galvanized coatings and the mechanisms involved in sinter bonding and various welding and brazing processes. It presents and interprets the results of several studies in which PM materials, including iron, copper, stainless steel, brass, and bronze alloys, are joined by spot welding, projection welding, and solid-state welding as well as furnace and microwave brazing. It also examines the effects of ZrSiO4 additions on the friction and wear behaviors of PM bronze brake-lining materials.
How Does Powder Metallurgy Facilitate the Preparation of Intermetallics and High-Entropy Alloys?
Authors: Sathiyamoorthi Praveen , Chawake Niraj Mohan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the growing role of powder metallurgy in the production of intermetallic, Heusler, and high-entropy alloys. It reviews the challenges of producing these materials by conventional methods and the advantages of sinter-based PM techniques. It explains why PM processes are better suited for complex materials than casting and compares the properties of intermetallic, Heusler, and high-entropy alloys prepared by casting and powder-metal techniques.
Nanomaterials-Based Additive Manufacturing for the Production of 3D-Printed Batteries and Supercapacitors
Authors: Tambrallimath Vijay , Keshavamurthy R. , Kumar G.S. Pradeep , Hebbar Gurumoorty S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the advantages and limitations of 3D printing technology for the production of batteries and supercapacitors. It explains how 3D printing methods facilitate the build of microdevices with hierarchical nanoarchitectures and controlled microstructure. It also reviews recent progress in fabricating electrodes and electrolytes using 3D-printed functional materials.
Role of Powder Metallurgy Industries in Various Sectors―Part 1
Authors: Mahale Rayappa Shrinivas , Vasanth Shamanth , Sharath P.C. , Shashanka R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the effect of powder metallurgy on the design and production of nuclear energy reactors, wind turbines, biomedical devices, and gas turbine engines.
THE BASIC CHANGES IN THE DESIGN OF MEDICAL AND HEALTH CENTRES
Authors: Kovalskiy Victor , Bondar Mykhailo , Liubarskyi Volodymyr 
Published: August 2024

The main changes in the design of healthcare centres are considered. New terminology is presented that will facilitate a more detailed development of the plan of a medical institution and give a better understanding of its functional features. A new concept of logistics has been proposed. The main objects are illuminated for better navigation. Functional connections between hospital departments have been improved, which will contribute to more efficient operation of the facility and better medical services.
The concept of humanising the space was proposed to create a cosy atmosphere in the rooms. Examples of renovated wards in hospitals that will contribute to a more comfortable stay of patients are given. Attention is paid to the development of spaces that are easily accessible and convenient for users with disabilities, including patients with disabilities.
Changes in the areas and conditions of stay in wards are considered. Changes in the areas of the main premises of healthcare centres in the new regulations and old ones, as well as new requirements for sanitary and hygienic premises, were analysed.
The sterilisation unit was adapted to meet international quality and safety standards. Modern approaches to ensure the effective functioning of the department are taken into account Examples of ward plans and patient isolation rooms are provided. A classification of medical imaging rooms is provided to ensure a high level of safety and efficiency of diagnostics. Updated requirements for engineering equipment are considered. Modern approaches to energy-efficient design, including the use of renewable energy sources, optimisation of heating and air conditioning systems, have been taken into account, which will reduce costs and contribute to the creation of a healthy environment for patients and staff.
All the necessary facilities to meet the needs of the staff are envisaged, which will provide medical staff with all the necessary conditions for proper work and rest, contributing to their productivity.
The requirements for the design of ventilation, heating and lifts have been updated. The design of civil protection facilities was introduced to ensure the safety of staff and patients in case of emergencies
Pengaruh Penggunaan Absensi Finger Print dan Motivasi Terhadap Disiplin Pegawai Pada Diklat Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Mulyani Agus , . Ilhamsyah 
Published: August 2024

Â Influence of Finger Print And Motivation on Employee Discipline Training South Sumatra province, the problem is 1). Is there a significant influence on the use of Finger Print Employee Discipline Training Sumatra province. 2). Is there a significant influence Motivation on Employee Discipline Training Sumatra province. 3) Is there a significant influence and use Finger Print Motivation on Employee Discipline Training Sumatra province.The analysis technique used consists of validity, reliability test, classical test covering normality test, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity test, simple linear regression analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, t test, F test, the coefficient of determination, hypothesis testing. Results of the analysis results obtained by simple linear regression equation of Use Finger Print (X1) Y '= 22.261 + 0,802X1 and motivation (X2) variable Y' = 22.261 + 0,894X2. While persamaanan multiple linear regression is Y '= 22.261 + 0,802X1 + 0,894X2. Values thitung X1 = 2.714> 1.987 ttabel means of Use Finger Print partial significantly influence employee Discipline. For thitung X2 = 2.426> 1.987 ttabel. This means that the partial effect on the motivation of employees Discipline. Test F together (simultaneously) and the test results showed that the numbers sig 0.000 <0.05 so that the conclusions of independent variables jointly affect the dependent variable.Â Keywords: Use of Finger Print, Motivation and Employee DisciplinPengaruh Sidik Jari Dan Motivasi Pelatihan Disiplin Pegawai Provinsi Sumatera Selatan, masalahnya adalah 1). Apakah ada pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap penggunaan Pelatihan Disiplin Pegawai Cetak Sidik Jari provinsi Sumatera. 2). Apakah ada pengaruh yang signifikan Motivasi terhadap Pelatihan Disiplin Pegawai Provinsi Sumatera. 3) Apakah ada pengaruh yang signifikan dan penggunaan Motivasi Cetak Sidik Jari pada Pelatihan Disiplin Pegawai Provinsi Sumatera.Teknik analisis yang digunakan terdiri dari validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji klasikal yang meliputi uji normalitas, multikolinieritas, uji heteroskedastisitas, analisis regresi linier sederhana, analisis regresi linier berganda, uji t, uji F, koefisien determinasi, pengujian hipotesis. Hasil dari hasil analisis diperoleh persamaan regresi linier sederhana dari Use Finger Print (X1) Y '= 22.261 + 0,802X1 dan motivasi (X2) variabel Y' = 22.261 + 0,894X2. Sedangkan persamaanan regresi linier berganda adalah Y '= 22.261 + 0,802X1 + 0,894X2. Nilai thitung X1 = 2,714> 1,987 ttabel berarti Penggunaan Finger Print parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Disiplin karyawan. Untuk thitung X2 = 2.426> 1.987 ttabel. Artinya secara parsial berpengaruh terhadap motivasi kerja karyawan Disiplin. Uji F bersama-sama (simultan) dan hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa angka sig 0,000 <0,05 sehingga kesimpulan dari variabel independen bersama-sama mempengaruhi variabel dependen.Â Kata Kunci: Penggunaan Sidik Jari, Motivasi dan Disiplin Karyawan
Pengaruh Atmosfer Toko dan Promosi Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Minimarket OMI Koperasi Universitas PGRI Palembang
Authors: . Ilhamsyah , Mulyani Agus 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTÂ The purpose of this study was to look at the influence between store atmosphere, sales promotion and customer loyalty as the dependent variable. The population is calculated through the average number of customers each month which is 2,665 while the sample uses the Accidental Sample Method of 97. Data collection techniques are questionnaires and interviews. By distributing questionnaires and asking questions directly to consumers. Instrument Testing is the instrument validity test, reliability test. The analytical method is the data normality test, the test model consists of heteroscedasticity test. multicollinearity test, Analysis Model is a path analysis calculated with two structural equations, namely the regression equation that shows the hypothesized relationship, the coefficient test to see the level of significance of each regression coefficient. The results of the study there is a significant influence of the store atmosphere on customer loyalty, there is a significant influence on sales promotions on customer loyalty, there is a significant influence on the store atmosphere and sales promotions on customer loyalty in OMI Minimarket Koperasi Universitas PGRI Palembang.Â Keywords: Store Atmosphere, Sales Promotion, Customer LoyaltyÂ ABSTRAKÂ Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat pengaruh antara atmosfer toko, promosi penjualan dan loyalitas pelanggan sebagai variabel terikat. Populasi dihitung melalui rata-rata jumlah pelanggan setiap bulannya yaitu 2.665 sedangkan sampel menggunakan Metode Accidental Sample sebanyak 97. teknik pengumpulan data adalah kuesioner dan wawancara. Dengan cara menyebar angket dan bertanya secara secara langsung kepada konsumen. Pengujian Instrumen yaitu uji validitas instrumen, uji reliabilitas. Metode analisis yaitu uji normalitas data, uji model terdiri uji heteroskedastisitas. uji multikolinieritas, Model Analisis yaitu analisis jalur yang dihitung dengan dua persamaan struktural yaitu persamaan regresi yang menunjukkan hubungan yang dihipotesiskan, uji koefisien untuk melihat tingkat signifikansi masing-masing koefisien regresi. Hasil Penelitian terdapat pengaruh signifikan atmosfer toko terhadap loyalitas pelanggan, terdapat pengaruh signifikan promosi penjualan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan, terdapat pengaruh signifikan atmosfer toko dan promosi penjualan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan di Minimarket OMI Koperasi Universitas PGRI Palembang.Â Kata kunci: Atmosfer Toko, Promosi Penjualan, Loyalitas Pelanggan
Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Dan Pendidikan Pelatihan Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Kantor Kecamatan Talang Kelapa Banyuasin
Authors: Najib Muhammad 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTÂ This study aims to determine the effect of work motivation and training education partially or jointly on the performance of Talang Kelapa Banyuasin District Office employees. Data analysis was performed using quantitative analysis methods using the SPSS version 22 program. The results of the study revealed that there was a significant influence between work motivation and training education partially on the performance of Talang Kelapa Banyuasin District Office employees with an influence value of 4.121 for work motivation variables and 5.962 for training education variables, and for work motivation and training education variables together have a significant effect on the performance of Talang Kelapa Banyuasin District Office employees with a value of influence of 19.52. The coefficient of determination results obtained R square value of 0.407 or 40.7%. The results of this study mean that 40.7% of the dependent variable variation, namely employee performance is influenced by independent variables namely work motivation and training education, while the remaining 59.3% is influenced by other factors not examined.Â Keywords: Work Motivation, Training Education, Employee Performance.Â ABSTRAKÂ Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi kerja dan pendidikan pelatihan secara parsial maupun bersama-sama terhadap kinerja pegawai Kantor Kecamatan Talang Kelapa Banyuasin. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode analisis kuantitatif menggunakan program SPSS versi 22. Hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara motivasi kerja dan pendidikan pelatihan secara parsial terhadap kinerja pegawai Kantor Kecamatan Talang Kelapa Banyuasin dengan nilai pengaruh sebesar 4,121 untuk variabel motivasi kerja dan sebesar 5,962 untuk variabel pendidikan pelatihan, dan untuk variabel motivasi kerja dan pendidikan pelatihan secara bersama-sama mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai Kantor Kecamatan Talang Kelapa Banyuasin dengan nilai pengaruh sebesar 19,52. Hasil koefisien determinasi diperoleh nilai Rsquare sebesar 0,407 atau 40,7%. Hasil penelitian ini berarti bahwa 40,7% variasi variabel terikat yaitu kinerja pegawai dipengaruhi oleh variabel bebas yaitu motivasi kerja dan pendidikan pelatihan, sedangkan sisanya 59,3% dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain yang tidak diteliti.Â Kata kunci: Motivasi Kerja, Pendidikan Pelatihan, Kinerja Pegawai.
Analisis Rasio Keuangan Pada Koperasi Karyawan Tambang Batubara (KOBARA) Palembang
Authors: Baharudin Baharudin 
Published: August 2024

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the health level of the Palembang Coal Mining Employee Cooperative (KOBARA) based on the regulation of the Minister of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises of the Republic of Indonesia Number 06 / Per / Dep.6 / IV / 2016 concerning aspects of liquidity as well as aspects of independence and growth.This research is a qualitative descriptive research. The subject of this research is the Palembang Coal Mining Employee Cooperative (KOBARA), where the object of evaluation is the financial performance of the Palembang Coal Mining Employee Cooperative (KOBARA). The data analysis technique in this study uses descriptive analysis. In this study the data were collected through interview and documentation methods.The results showed that the health level of the Palembang Coal Mine Employee Cooperative (KOBARA) from 2015 to 2017 was in the category of special supervision with details: (1) the liquidity aspect was in the category of special supervision; (2) aspects of independence and growth are in the category of supervision; (3) the health level of the Palembang Coal Mining Employee Cooperative (KOBARA) for 3 years (2015-2017) is categorized as under special supervision.Keywords: Health level, savings and loan cooperativesÂ ABSTRAKÂ Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesehatan Koperasi Karyawan Tambang Batubara (KOBARA) Palembang berdasarkan pada peraturan Menteri Koperasidan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah Republik Indonesia Nomor 06/Per/Dep.6/IV/2016 yang menyangkut atas aspek likuiditas serta aspek kemandirian dan pertumbuhan.Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriftif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah Koperasi Karyawan Tambang Batubara (KOBARA) Palembang, dimana yang menjadi objek evaluasi adalah kinerja keuangan Koperasi Karyawan Tambang Batubara (KOBARA) Palembang.Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriftif. Dalam penelitian ini data yang dikumpulkan melalui metode wawancara dan dokumentasi.Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesehatan Koperasi Karyawan Tambang Batubara (KOBARA) Palembang tahun 2015 sampai tahun 2017 berada dalam kategori dalam pengawasan khusus dengan rincian : (1) aspek likuiditas berada pada kategori dalam pengawasan khusus; (2) aspek kemandirian dan pertumbuhan berada pada katagori dalam pengawasan; (3) tingkat kesehatan Koperasi Karyawan Tambang Batubara (KOBARA) Palembang selama 3 tahun (2015-2017) secara berturut di kategorikan berada pada ketegori dalam pengawasan khusus.Â Kata kunci : Tingkat kesehatan, Koperasi simpan pinjam