bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ground-water flow analysis in the slope above Shum Wan Road, Hong Kong
Authors: Nandy S. , Jiao J. J. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
On August 13, 1995, a slope above Shum Wan Road failed due to high rainfall and caused a 30-m section of Nam Long Shan Road to collapse. The slope consists of weathered tuffs with a clay layer on the surface of the failure. A hydrogeological study was carried out by saturated finite difference grid model, MODFLOW, for the slope at the Shum Wan Road area. From the ground-water model, it was found that the ground-water level reached three meters below the ground surface during failure. The model is sensitive to recharge and specific yield. The presence of the clay layer helped to maintain a high ground-water level. Stability analyses were performed using SLOPE/W. The result of stability analyses showed that the factor of safety, F, decreased due to the rising initial water table. On the 31st of July, the factor of safety was 1.41, and dropped down to 1.01 on the 3rd of August. The factor of safety again rose back to 1.31 on the 8th of August and it finally dropped down to 0.99 on the morning of the 13th of August. The present study showed that the antecedent rainfall had some influence on stability of the slope. The amount of water in the form of seepage, which drained out from the seepage surface from the lower part of the slope, is quantified and found to be 790 m 3 . Preventive measures can be taken by inserting horizontal pipes in the slope to drain out the ground water in the form of seepage or by covering the slope with shortcrete or chunam.
Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping and Molecular Breeding for Developing Stress Resilient Maize for Sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Semagn Kassa , Beyene Yoseph , Babu Raman , Nair Sudha , Gowda Manje , Das Biswanath , Tarekegne Amsal , Mugo Stephen , Mahuku George , Worku Mosisa , Warburton Marilyn L. , Olsen Mike , Prasanna B. M. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTThe International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), in partnership with several public and private institutions, is working to develop and deploy improved maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm that is drought tolerant, nitrogen use efficient (NUE), and disease resistant for sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), using conventional pedigree selection and molecular breeding. Here, we provide an overview of the progress made on (i) quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis for drought, NUE, and maize lethal necrosis (MLN); (ii) development of production markers for maize streak virus (MSV) and MLN resistance; and (iii) marker‐assisted recurrent selection (MARS) and genomic selection (GS) for developing drought tolerant maize germplasm. We identified several small to moderate effect QTL associated with grain yield and anthesis‐silking interval under low N, managed drought, and optimum environments, but only a few small to moderate effect QTL were detected in multiple genetic backgrounds. Thus, CIMMYT is conducting the largest public MARS and GS projects in SSA. A recent comparative study of pedigree selection, MARS and GS undertaken across 8 to 10 bi‐parental populations, demonstrated the superior performance of both MARS and GS schemes over pedigree selection. More than 90% of current commercial maize germplasm was found to be highly susceptible to MLN disease. Preliminary mapping studies identified three major QTL for MLN disease resistance, and two are being used for pilot line conversion using marker‐assisted backcrossing (MABC). For MSV, pilot marker‐assisted selection is ongoing, using three single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers to select a major QTL on chromosome 1. Development of drought tolerant and NUE maize varieties must include MLN resistance in eastern Africa, and we strongly suggest to maize breeders to introgress promising genomic regions for MLN resistance using either conventional or molecular methods.
Evaluation of serum biochemical marker concentrations and survival time in dogs with protein-losing enteropathy
Authors: Equilino Mirjam , Théodoloz Vincent , Gorgas Daniela , Doherr Marcus G. , Heilmann Romy M. , Suchodolski Jan S. , Steiner Jörg M. , Burgener DVM Iwan A. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate serum concentrations of biochemical markers and survival time in dogs with protein-losing enteropathy (PLE).
Design—Prospective study.
Animals—29 dogs with PLE and 18 dogs with food-responsive diarrhea (FRD).
Procedures—Data regarding serum concentrations of various biochemical markers at the initial evaluation were available for 18 of the 29 dogs with PLE and compared with findings for dogs with FRD. Correlations between biochemical marker concentrations and survival time (interval between time of initial evaluation and death or euthanasia) for dogs with PLE were evaluated.
Results—Serum C-reactive protein concentration was high in 13 of 18 dogs with PLE and in 2 of 18 dogs with FRD. Serum concentration of canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity was high in 3 dogs with PLE but within the reference interval in all dogs with FRD. Serum α1-proteinase inhibitor concentration was less than the lower reference limit in 9 dogs with PLE and 1 dog with FRD. Compared with findings in dogs with FRD, values of those 3 variables in dogs with PLE were significantly different. Serum calprotectin (measured by radioimmunoassay and ELISA) and S100A12 concentrations were high but did not differ significantly between groups. Seventeen of the 29 dogs with PLE were euthanized owing to this disease; median survival time was 67 days (range, 2 to 2,551 days).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Serum C-reactive protein, canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity, and α1-proteinase inhibitor concentrations differed significantly between dogs with PLE and FRD. Most initial biomarker concentrations were not predictive of survival time in dogs with PLE.
Microbial Quality of Selected Commercial Fresh Fruit Juices Sold in Mysore City
Authors: Divyashree S , Jamuna Prakash , Brabahavanthis N 
Published: December 2014

Fruit juices are common man’s beverages and sold at public places. Since they are known for carrying heavy microbial load, the present investigation was undertaken to enumerate and identify the microorganisms in fruit juices (sweet lime, orange and pineapple) selected from three different street vended shops (source A, B and C) in Mysore. The juices were analyzed for the microbial quality for type of organisms and number of colonies by serial dilution technique, pour plate method,gram’s staining method and staining for fungi; and physico-chemical properties. Results showed that the pineapple juice from two sources was highly contaminated with bacterial pathogens (25×104CFU/mland 20×104CFU/ml). All samples were contaminated with faecal streptococci. In source-B and C, all juices showed high counts of fungal colonies (Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium and yeast). It is contended that contamination was mainly due to poor quality of water used for dilution as well as prevailing unhygienic conditions related to washing of utensils and maintenance of the premises. The result showed the poor hygienic quality of street vended fruit juices and the possible risk to the consumers. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jfstn.v8i0.11746 J. Food Sci. Technol. Nepal, Vol. 8 (30-34), 2013
The James Ross Island and the Fletcher Promontory ice-core drilling projects
Authors: Mulvaney Robert , Triest Jack , Alemany Olivier 
Published: December 2014

AbstractFollowing on from the successful project to recover an ice core to bedrock on Berkner Island, similar drilling equipment and logistics were used on two further projects to recover ice cores to bedrock in the Antarctic Peninsula. At James Ross Island, a ship- and helicopter-supported project drilled to bedrock at 363 m depth in a single season, while a Twin Otter-supported project drilled to bedrock at 654m depth, again in a single season, from Fletcher Promontory. In both new projects, drilling was from the surface, with the infrastructure enclosed in a tent, using an uncased, partially fluid-filled, borehole.
Liver Fibrosis Progression despite HCV Cure with Antiviral Therapy in HIV–HCV-Coinfected Patients
Authors: Labarga Pablo , Fernandez-Montero Jose V , De Mendoza Carmen , Barreiro Pablo , Pinilla Javier , Soriano Vincent 
Published: December 2014

Background Accelerated liver fibrosis and more frequent hepatic decompensation events and liver-related deaths are characteristically seen in chronic hepatitis C patients coinfected with HIV compared with HCV-monoinfected individuals. Quantitative estimates of long-term clinical benefits derived from curing HCV with antiviral therapy in coinfected patients are scarce, despite being needed for accurate cost-effectiveness decisions using expensive direct-acting antivirals in this population. Methods We retrospectively examined all HIV–HCV-coinfected patients followed at one reference clinic in Madrid since 2004. Liver fibrosis was measured longitudinally using elastometry; changes above 30% in kilo-pascal units were considered as significant. Results A total of 568 HIV–HCV-coinfected patients were examined. Pegylated interferon/ribavirin therapy had been given to 396 (69.7%) of whom 138 (34.8%) had achieved sustained virological response (SVR). Mean follow-up was of 6.8 (±1.5) years for hepatic events and 4.4 (±0.8) years for liver fibrosis. Hepatic decompensation events, liver-related deaths and significant liver fibrosis progression occurred less frequently in SVR than in non-treated/treatment failures. Although regression of liver fibrosis occurred in most SVR patients, fibrosis significantly progressed in 7.2% of them, in association with higher plasma HIV RNA ( P=0.005) and longer exposure to HIV protease inhibitors ( P=0.009). Conclusions Achievement of SVR dramatically reduces the risk of hepatic decompensation events and liver-related deaths in HIV–HCV-coinfected patients. Although liver fibrosis generally improves following HCV cure, worsening may occur in association with uncontrolled HIV replication and prolonged exposure to protease inhibitors. Thus, periodic assessment of liver fibrosis is warranted after SVR and screening for liver cancer should continue in coinfected patients with advanced liver fibrosis.
Natural Anti-Intestinal Goblet Cell Autoantibody Production from Marginal Zone B Cells
Authors: Ichikawa Daiju , Asano Masanao , Shinton Susan A. , Brill-Dashoff Joni , Formica Anthony M. , Velcich Anna , Hardy Richard R. , Hayakawa Kyoko 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Expression of a germline VH3609/D/JH2 IgH in mice results in the generation of B1 B cells with anti-thymocyte/Thy-1 glycoprotein autoreactivity by coexpression of Vk21-5/Jk2 L chain leading to production of serum IgM natural autoantibody. In these same mice, the marginal zone (MZ) B cell subset in spleen shows biased usage of a set of Ig L chains different from B1 B cells, with 30% having an identical Vk19-17/Jk1 L chain rearrangement. This VH3609/Vk19-17 IgM is reactive with intestinal goblet cell granules, binding to the intact large polymatrix form of mucin 2 glycoprotein secreted by goblet cells. Analysis of a μκ B cell AgR (BCR) transgenic (Tg) mouse with this anti–goblet cell/mucin2 autoreactive (AGcA) specificity demonstrates that immature B cells expressing the Tg BCR become MZ B cells in spleen by T cell–independent BCR signaling. These Tg B cells produce AGcA as the predominant serum IgM, but without enteropathy. Without the transgene, AGcA autoreactivity is low but detectable in the serum of BALB/c and C.B17 mice, and this autoantibody is specifically produced by the MZ B cell subset. Thus, our findings reveal that AGcA is a natural autoantibody associated with MZ B cells.
God nearby and God far away − Stephen Charnock on divine attributes
Authors: Hoek Jan 
Published: December 2014

This article evaluated the way the Puritan theologian and pastor Stephen Charnock describes the attributes of God in his book titled Discourses upon the existence and attributes of God. On the one hand, the book displays a clear testimony to God’s highness, ‘God far away’, which helps us overcome earthly conceptions of God’s majesty. On the other hand, the book pays particular attention to the significance of experiential knowledge of God’s attributes such as his omnipotence, holiness and goodness regarding the life of faith. This way, Charnock endeavours to preach ‘God nearby’. The main question of research in this article is whether or not Charnock succeeded in establishing a connection between the attributes qualifying God as ‘God far away’ and those that depict him as ‘God nearby’. Did he bridge the gap between these two approaches?God nabij en God ver weg − Stephen Charnock (1628–1680) over de eigenschappern van God. Dit artikel evalueert de wijze waarop de Puriteinse theoloog en pastor Stephen Charnock in zijn boek Discourses upon the Existence and Attributes of God de eigenschappen van God bespreekt. Enerzijds is het boek een helder getuigenis van de grootheid van God, ‘de God van verre’, waardoor we geholpen worden om aardse voorstellingen van Gods majesteit te overwinnen. Tegelijkertijd geeft dit boek bijzondere aandacht aan de betekenis van de bevindelijke kennis van Gods eigenschappen, zoals zijn almacht, heiligheid, goedheid enzovoorts, in het leven van het geloof. Op deze wijze zet Charnock zich in om ‘de God van nabij’ te verkondigen. De belangrijkste vraag die dit artikel wil beantwoorden is in hoeverre Charnock erin slaagt een brug te slaan tussen deze beide benaderingen.
Literaire levenslessen
Authors: van Boven Erica 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

Literary life lessons. The first ‘Scharten novel’ as a model of new middlebrow literature

Presenting the case of one of the first bestselling novels by C. and M. Scharten-Antink, this article analyzes how at the beginning of the twentieth century the middlebrow novel was introduced in the Netherlands, which gave rise to a rapidly growing tradition of literary midcult. This new kind of novel, it is argued, is not merely a new genre, yet is a product of new cultural practices in which authors and publishers cooperated. In order to produce the middlebrow novel for a vast and new reading public, they combined existing, longstanding models with new ones. The concept of ‘model’ is used here to analyze the new middlebrow practice from three interrelated perspectives. First, I conceive of ‘model’ as the repertoire, the sets of rules available at a given time, on which authors and publishers could base their choices and actions. Second, I argue that, in literary criticism, the new middlebrow novel soon rose to the status of a model itself. Third, I demonstrate that the major goal of the middlebrow novel was, by way of ‘fictional modelization’, to provide the reader with life-lessons, models to live with.
Modellen in de Nederlandse literatuur. De jaren 1900-1920
Authors: Dorleijn Gillis , de Geest Dirk , Verstraeten Pieter 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

Models in Dutch Literature 1900-1920. An Introduction

In Dutch literary history, the timespan between 1900 and 1920 has often been conceived of as a period of relative calm and stability in contrast to the preceding fin-de-siècle years and the years following World War I. Recent publications, however, broadening their scope from the canonical literary texts and the major authors to a more comprehensive view on literary culture, have revealed that the first decades of the 20th century saw important changes in the structure of the literary field, alongside (and in close connection to) the emergence of new cultural practices. This special issue of Nederlandse Letterkunde wants to chart some of these changes, ranging from the rise of new genres and new ideas about literature and authorship, to a reorganization of the institutional infrastructure of literature. In the introduction we argue that, to analyze such phenomena, it is fruitful to focus on the development, reinterpretation and circulation of literary and cultural models, since all cultural behavior is model-based, as are cultural artifacts, which might in turn function as models themselves for new practices or products. To illustrate the possibilities of the concept ‘model’ we present a brief case study on the literary interview, a media genre emerging internationally at that time, followed by some general reflections on the ‘model’ approach in literary and cultural studies.
Modellen en de self-fashioning van de auteur
Authors: Kemperink Mary 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

Models and the Author’s Self-fashioning. Some Reflections and the Case of Mina Kruseman

This article explores the ways in which the concept of the ‘model’ can be used for research into the self-fashioning of literary authors. After reviewing the role of the concept in theoretical contributions dealing with the process of self-fashioning (Goffmann, Meizoz, Heinich), it raises some crucial methodological issues, such as (1) how can one discover the specific model an author has based his/her self-image upon? or (2) how can one account for the fact that an author belongs to different social fields, apart from the field of literature, and that these different fields can generate different types of models? Finally, the possibilities of the concept of the model are demonstrated by use of the case of Mina Kruseman.
De reiziger, de schilder en de schrijver
Authors: Missinne Lut 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

The Traveler, the Painter and the Writer. Travel Books by Jacobus van Looy

Travelling never occurs unmediated. Travelers are guided by pre-existing representations of the Other (discovering or covering foreign realities), by patterns of cultural self-perception and of individual self-observation. The same holds for travel writing, that even shows a double mediation: (1) the mediation of the travelling itself by the selection of what and how the journey is described, and (2) the textual/linguistic mediation of the travelling experience.
This article explores the travel books the author and painter Jac. van Looy wrote about his journeys to the south (Italy, Spain, Morocco), covering the period between 1885 (the year he obtained the Prix de Rome) and 1913. On the one hand Van Looys travelling and his painting and writing were definitely pre-modelled, on the other hand, it is argued, the interaction between his travelling and his artistic activities during his search for a new poetology lead to a departure from these established models.
Beweren of bewijzen
Authors: Sanders Mathijs 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

Claiming or Proving. Models in Dutch Literary Criticism around 1917

The first two decades of the twentieth century saw a rapid expansion of literary criticism in the Dutch literary field. Models played an important role in contemporary debates about the nature and function of criticism. In search for new modes of critical writing after the Movement of 1880, critics (consciously or not) made use of discursive conventions, textual genres and exemplary predecessors in order to determine their own critical practice. This article develops a model for studying the specific features and functions of models in literary criticism by analyzing a questionnaire in the Dutch weekly magazine De Groene Amsterdammer in 1917.
Editorial da seção de revisão e atualização
Authors: Giannini Paulo Cesar Fonseca 
Published: December 2014

Não se faz ciência de qualidade, sem que haja, dentro de cada tema, um constante exercício de integração e sistematização crítica sobre o conjunto de resultados acumulados até então. Isto passa necessariamente pela revisão rigorosa da base conceitual, metodológica e de dados utilizada para se chegar a estes resultados. A importância deste exercício de sistematização e revisão é ainda mais fundamental quando se trata de áreas interdisciplinares, como é o caso das geociências ambientais e do Quaternário. Nestas áreas, a multiplicação de trabalhos com foco em apenas uma especialidade, ou em apenas uma linha interpretativa, pode ter, como pior consequência, o aparecimento de um mosaico de modelos parciais, incapazes de dialogar entre si. Uma torre de Babel científica. Ou a “barbárie da especialização”, nos termos de Ortega y Gasset. E artigos de revisão, integração e atualização passam, portanto, a ter papel epistemológico fundamental. Está lançada a pedra inaugural, e que venham mais artigos de revisão e atualização sobre o Quaternário brasileiro!
REFERENCE RANGE FOR CBC OBTAINED IN AUTOMATED ANALYZER HAEMATOLOGICAL CELL-DYN RUBY.
Authors: Viana Thiago Costa , Henneberg Railson , Da Silva Paulo Henrique 
Published: December 2014

Com o avanço tecnológico e o desenvolvimento de modernos equipamentos automatizados de células sanguíneas, os quais possuem diferentes metodologias para a obtenção dos índices hematológicos, é necessário que o laboratório clínico obtenha um intervalo de referência equipamento-específico. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estabelecer intervalos de referência próprios para os hemogramas realizados no Hospital Angelina Caron, localizado na cidade de Campina Grande do Sul, região metropolitana de Curitiba. As amostras foram processadas no analisador hematológico Cell-Dyn Ruby, ABBOTTÒ. Foram analisadas amostras de sangue total de 195 indivíduos saudáveis, que foram atendidos no laboratório para a realização de exames de rotina. Em relação aos parâmetros referentes á série vermelha, os resultados obtidos são semelhantes a estudo similar realizado na cidade de Curitiba, publicado em 2011, com exceção do comportamento do RDW. A contagem total e diferencial dos leucócitos foi semelhante a outros trabalhos realizados com o mesmo fim, demonstrando a excelente performance analítica desta contagem, mesmo em equipamentos e populações diferentes. A contagem de plaquetas apresentou perfil semelhante a outros estudos, porém, o VPM (Volume Plaquetário Médio) demostrou intervalos maiores quando comparados a outros intervalos de referência já publicados.Os resultados obtidos devem ser utilizados com ressalvas, pois respeitam características próprias de instrumentação e população atendida, porém ilustra de maneira pratica a importância de estudos com este fim..
MELTS_Excel: AMicrosoft Excel‐based MELTS interface for research and teaching of magma properties and evolution
Authors: Gualda Guilherme A. R. , Ghiorso Mark S. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe thermodynamic modeling software MELTS is a powerful tool for investigating crystallization and melting in natural magmatic systems. Rhyolite‐MELTS is a recalibration of MELTS that better captures the evolution of silicic magmas in the upper crust. The current interface of rhyolite‐MELTS, while flexible, can be somewhat cumbersome for the novice. We present a new interface that uses web services consumed by a VBA backend in Microsoft Excel©. The interface is contained within a macro‐enabled workbook, where the user can insert the model input information and initiate computations that are executed on a central server at OFM Research. Results of simple calculations are shown immediately within the interface itself. It is also possible to combine a sequence of calculations into an evolutionary path; the user can input starting and ending temperatures and pressures, temperature and pressure steps, and the prevailing oxidation conditions. The program shows partial updates at every step of the computations; at the conclusion of the calculations, a series of data sheets and diagrams are created in a separate workbook, which can be saved independently of the interface. Additionally, the user can specify a grid of temperatures and pressures and calculate a phase diagram showing the conditions at which different phases are present. The interface can be used to apply the rhyolite‐MELTS geobarometer. We demonstrate applications of the interface using an example early‐erupted Bishop Tuff composition. The interface is simple to use and flexible, but it requires an internet connection. The interface is distributed for free from http://melts.ofm‐research.org.