bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Importance of Restricting Sportive Activity and Time from Injury to Surgery in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Ercin Ersin , Gokhan Bilgili M , Atbasi Zafer , Tanriverdi Bulent , Hakan Basaran S , Kural Cemal 
Published: September 2015

Objectives :
It is unclear that how long reconstruction may be delayed before additional intraarticular injuries occur. Our aim was to determine the relationship of time period from injury to surgery with the incidence of meniscal and chondral injuries recorded at the time of surgical treatment for ACL tears. The effect of sportive activity restriction, grade of chondral lesions and their locations were also evaluated

Patients and Methods :
213 patients who underwent arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were evaluated retrospectively. Data were analyzed for association between time period before surgery and patients sportive activity restriction with rates of meniscal and chondral injuries. According to time from initial trauma to surgery less than 12 months grouped as group I (101 patients) and 12 months and longer defined as group II (81 patients). Patients who had surgery before 12 months were divided into groups of smaller time scales (0 to 3 months, 4 to 6 months, 7 to 9 months, 10 to 12 months) to examine the relationships more closely. For sportive activity restriction a functional scale was used that described restricted activities including military training.

Results :
One hundred eighty-two patients were included to the study. 81 patients restricted sportive activity before surgery. 18 (% 22.2) of these patients had chondral injury [6 (% 33.3) operated before 12 months and 12 (% 66.7) operated after 12 months]. The difference was statistically significant (p=0,005). 81 patients (group II) were operated after 12 months. There were 44 (% 54.3) patients with chondral injury in this group [32 (% 72.7) patients were who continued their sportive activity and 12 (% 27.3) patients who restricted their sportive activity]. The difference was statistically significant (p=0,026). Correlation analysis showed that with increasing time from initial trauma to surgery chondral lesion incidence and grade of these lesions increases (p<0,001, p=0,001).

Conclusion :
The results indicate that the prolonged time from injury to surgery and continuing sportive activity before surgery increases the incidence of the chondral lesions. Also, time limit of 12 month is important to prevent chondral injury in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
Sleep Disturbances and Glucose Metabolism in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Strand Linn Beate , Carnethon Mercedes , Biggs Mary Lou , Djoussé Luc , Kaplan Robert C. , Siscovick David S. , Robbins John A. , Redline Susan , Patel Sanjay R. , Janszky Imre , Mukamal Kenneth J. 
Published: September 2015

OBJECTIVE
We examined the associations of symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), which was defined as loud snoring, stopping breathing for a while during sleep, and daytime sleepiness, and insomnia with glucose metabolism and incident type 2 diabetes in older adults.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Between 1989 and 1993, the Cardiovascular Health Study recruited 5,888 participants ≥65 years of age from four U.S. communities. Participants reported SDB and insomnia symptoms yearly through 1989–1994. In 1989–1990, participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test, from which insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity were estimated. Fasting glucose levels were measured in 1989–1990 and again in 1992–1993, 1994–1995, 1996–1997, and 1998–1999, and medication use was ascertained yearly. We determined the cross-sectional associations of sleep symptoms with fasting glucose levels, 2-h glucose levels, insulin sensitivity, and insulin secretion using generalized estimated equations and linear regression models. We determined the associations of updated and averaged sleep symptoms with incident diabetes in Cox proportional hazards models. We adjusted for sociodemographics, lifestyle factors, and medical history.

RESULTS
Observed apnea, snoring, and daytime sleepiness were associated with higher fasting glucose levels, higher 2-h glucose levels, lower insulin sensitivity, and higher insulin secretion. The risk of the development of type 2 diabetes was positively associated with observed apnea (hazard ratio [HR] 1.84 [95% CI 1.19–2.86]), snoring (HR 1.27 [95% CI 0.95–1.71]), and daytime sleepiness (HR 1.54 [95% CI 1.13–2.12]). In contrast, we did not find consistent associations between insomnia symptoms and glucose metabolism or incident type 2 diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS
Easily collected symptoms of SDB are strongly associated with insulin resistance and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in older adults. Monitoring glucose metabolism in such patients may prove useful in identifying candidates for lifestyle or pharmacological therapy. Further studies are needed to determine whether insomnia symptoms affect the risk of diabetes in younger adults.
Outcomes for dogs with primary hyperparathyroidism following treatment with percutaneous ultrasound-guided ethanol ablation of presumed functional parathyroid nodules: 27 cases (2008–2011)
Authors: Guttin Talia , Knox Van W. , Diroff Jeremy S. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Objective—To describe outcomes for dogs with primary hyperparathyroidism following treatment with percutaneous ultrasound-guided ethanol ablation of presumed functional parathyroid nodules.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—24 dogs with primary hyperparathyroidism that underwent 27 ultrasound-guided ethanol ablation procedures of presumed functional parathyroid nodules identified by cervical ultrasonography.
Procedures—Dogs were anesthetized for each procedure. For each nodule, 95% ethanol was injected into the center with ultrasound guidance (volume injected calculated on the basis of ultrasonographic measurements). The interval from treatment to resolution of hypercalcemia, complications, and follow-up clinicopathologic data were recorded.
Results—5 procedures involved simultaneous treatment of 2 nodules. Three dogs underwent a second treatment because of initial treatment failure or development of another nodule. Hypercalcemia resolved after 23 of 27 (85%) procedures. In those 23 treatments, 22 (96%) had resolution of hypercalcemia within 72 hours after treatment. Hypocalcemia was detected in 6 different dogs at 2 (1 dog), 7 (3 dogs), 14 (1 dog), and 21 (1 dog) days after treatment; 5 of these dogs had mild transient hypocalcemia and 1 developed clinical signs requiring calcium supplementation. Although there were no periprocedural adverse effects, 2 dogs had delayed adverse effects; the overall rate of complications (including delayed adverse events and clinical hypocalcemia) was 11.1%. Long-term follow-up data indicated sustained normocalcemia in 17 of 19 dogs.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that percutaneous ultrasound-guided ethanol ablation of functional parathyroid nodules may be an effective treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism of dogs, with short duration of anesthesia, minimal complications, and low risk for hypocalcemia. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2015;247:771–777)
Incidental finding of aberrant subclavian artery during computed tomography scan
Authors: Yusof Mubarak Mohd , Shamsudin Sharini 
Published: September 2015

Two cases of aberrant subclavian arteries were detected incidentally during computed tomography scan of the thorax for other medical conditions. The patients did not have weight loss or dysphagia lusoria. The origin and course of theaberrant subclavian arteries are related to the anomaly of the aortic arch. The variations of aberrant right subclavian artery with left aortic arch and aberrant left subclavian artery with right aortic arch on computed tomography are discussed.Journal of Kathmandu Medical CollegeVol. 3, No. 4, Oct.-Dec., 2014Page: 162-164
Nepalese context: Should physician treat themselves and their family members?
Authors: Dhakal Ajaya Kumar 
Published: September 2015

Physicians are individuals with families and friends and it is their duty as well as moral and social obligation to look after their friends and relatives when they become sick. But what should be their role in looking after one’s own sick family members or friends? As far as it is not as a treating physician there should be no problem but if physicians are to take responsibility of treating their family members as a physician, a number of ethical issues arise. Medical advice and medical treatment of family members is a subject of debate. The current codes of ethics of in many countries advise physicians not to treat their family members except in emergency situations and for minor illnesses. What should Nepalese physicians do?Journal of Kathmandu Medical CollegeVol. 3, No. 4, Oct.-Dec., 2014Page: 174-176
Thermochemical synthesis and sintering of silver-8 wt.% copper oxide nanocomposite powders
Authors: Ardestani Mohammad 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Ag-8CuO (wt.%) nanocomposite powders were synthesized by calcination at 600 °C of precipitates of copper and silver nitrates and ammonium carbonate. The calcination temperature was determined according to the results of simultaneous thermal analysis of the precipitates. The particle size of the powders was about 50 nm; the crystallite size and the lattice strain of the calcined powders were 34 nm and 0.04 %, respectively. The nanocomposite powders were cold pressed and solid state sintered at 900 °C for 2 and 6 h. It was shown that the sintering duration has more influence on densification of the sintered samples than the cold pressure magnitude. The sintered compacts were re-pressed under 1 GPa. The relative density, hardness and electrical conductivity of the re-pressed samples were 94 %, 65 HRF and 69 % international annealed copper standard conductivity, respectively.
Unruptured intracranial aneurysm treatment effects on cognitive function: a meta-analysis
Authors: Bonares Michael J. , Egeto Peter , de Oliveira Manoel Airton Leonardo , Vesely Kristin A. , Macdonald R. Loch , Schweizer Tom A. 
Published: September 2015

OBJECT
The treatment of an unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) is not free of morbidity and mortality, and the decision is made by weighing the risks of treatment complications against the risk of aneurysm rupture. This meta-analysis quantitatively analyzed the literature on the effects of UIA treatment on cognition.

METHODS
MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycInfo were systematically searched for studies that reported on the cognitive status of UIA patients before and after aneurysm treatment. The search was restricted to prospective cohort and case-control studies published between January 1, 1998, and January 1, 2013. The analyses focused on the effect of treatment on general cognitive functioning, with an emphasis on 4 specific cognitive domains: executive functions, verbal and visual memory, and visuospatial functions.

RESULTS
Eight studies, with a total of 281 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. Treatment did not affect general cognitive functioning (effect size [ES] −0.22 [95% CI −0.78 to 0.34]). Executive functions and verbal memory domains trended toward posttreatment impairment (ES −0.46 [95% CI −0.93 to 0.01] and ES −0.31 [95% CI −1.24 to 0.61]), and performance of visual memory tasks trended toward posttreatment improvement (ES 1.48 [95% CI −0.36 to 3.31]). Lastly, treatment did not significantly affect visuospatial functions (ES −0.08 [95% CI −0.30 to 0.45]).

CONCLUSIONS
The treatment of an UIA does not seem to affect long-term cognitive function. However, definitive conclusions were not possible due to the paucity of studies addressing this issue.
Reconsidering the logic of World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies grading in patients with severe subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Fung Christian , Inglin Fabienne , Murek Michael , Balmer Mathias , Abu-Isa Janine , Z’Graggen Werner J. , Ozdoba Christoph , Gralla Jan , Jakob Stephan M. , Takala Jukka , Beck Jürgen , Raabe Andreas 
Published: September 2015

OBJECT
Current data show a favorable outcome in up to 50% of patients with World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) Grade V subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and a rather poor prediction of worst cases. Thus, the usefulness of the current WFNS grading system for identifying the worst scenarios for clinical studies and for making treatment decisions is limited. One reason for this lack of differentiation is the use of “negative” or “silent” diagnostic signs as part of the WFNS Grade V definition. The authors therefore reevaluated the WFNS scale by using “positive” clinical signs and the logic of the Glasgow Coma Scale as a progressive herniation score.

METHODS
The authors performed a retrospective analysis of 182 patients with SAH who had poor grades on the WFNS scale. Patients were graded according to the original WFNS scale and additionally according to a modified classification, the WFNS herniation (hWFNS) scale (Grade IV, no clinical signs of herniation; Grade V, clinical signs of herniation). The prediction of poor outcome was compared between these two grading systems.

RESULTS
The positive predictive values of Grade V for poor outcome were 74.3% (OR 3.79, 95% CI 1.94–7.54) for WFNS Grade V and 85.7% (OR 8.27, 95% CI 3.78–19.47) for hWFNS Grade V. With respect to mortality, the positive predictive values were 68.3% (OR 3.9, 95% CI 2.01–7.69) for WFNS Grade V and 77.9% (OR 6.22, 95% CI 3.07–13.14) for hWFNS Grade V.

CONCLUSIONS
Limiting WFNS Grade V to the positive clinical signs of the Glasgow Coma Scale such as flexion, extension, and pupillary abnormalities instead of including “no motor response” increases the prediction of mortality and poor outcome in patients with severe SAH.
Migration for ecological preservation? Tibetan herders' decision making process in the eco-migration policy of Golok Tibetan autonomous prefecture (Qinghai province, PRC)
Authors: Bessho Yusuke 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
This paper considers nomads' decision-making process in response to the 'Eco-Migration Policy' in the Three River Headwaters region of the People's Republic of China. Contrary to previous studies of this policy, which emphasised the need for pastoral communities to wholly assimilate to urban life, this study focuses on individual choices and on the practical meanings of pastoralists' decisions in relation to government policies. Interviews and field surveys revealed the main factors inducing Tibetan pastoralists to become ecological migrants: whether the migrant village was in a convenient location and the facilities were satisfactory, the retention of the right to profit from caterpillar fungus collection, and the flexibility of livestock leases. These rationales stand in stark contrast to the notion of 'environmental correctness' emphasised in the state's discourse regarding these policies.
New homes, new lives - the social and economic effects of resettlement on Tibetan nomads (Yushu prefecture, Qinghai province, PRC)
Authors: Bauer Kenneth 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
This paper observes the effects state-sponsored resettlement in two Tibetan nomad counties of Yushu Prefecture, Qinghai Province (PRC). As nomads increasingly move to urban areas, regional and local economies are shifting, as are social relations and the traditional systems that have managed rangeland resources for millennia. Yet few studies have investigated the empirics of life within these resettled communities. This research takes a snapshot of key socio-economic indicators for resettled Tibetans as they transition to urban life and evaluates if and how nomads are benefiting, and what new challenges have arisen as a result of these processes. Drawing from survey and interview data, I suggest that while resettlement offers nomad families opportunities in terms of access to public services such as education and health care, it also entails significant new expenses for households even as their earnings potential contracts; these trends are exacerbated in the case of poorer households and income inequalities are likely to worsen when families move to urban areas. Likewise, while resettlement has resulted in increased purchase of consumption goods, household investment in productive assets has seen a corresponding decline. Even though access to some public services may increase with resettlement, quality of life in urban areas may suffer with respect to pollution exposure, lack of water and sanitation infrastructure, and increasing prices for basic commodities. With higher rates of school enrollment and the deskilling of the rural labour force, resettlement to urban areas is likely to undermine the long-term economic viability of pastoral production in Tibetan areas of China. Resettlement is also affecting the continuity of social institutions and modes of knowledge transmission, encouraging certain opportunities and closing off other potentialities for nomadic culture. This paper contributes to the literature on development-induced displacement, governance at China's margins, and the adaptability of pastoral production systems amidst state efforts to modernise and assimilate nomads. Leveraging this case study, we can theorise more broadly about the social, ecological, and economic repercussions of resettlement.
Local experiences and contested meanings of the Chinese 'grain for green' land conversion programme in an agro-pastoralist Tibetan community
Authors: Woodhouse Emily 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The Sloping Land Conversion Programme (SLCP or 'Grain for Green') forms one part in a suite of programmes focused on 'ecological construction' in minority areas of Western China. It aims to increase vegetation and reduce poverty by providing payments to households for retiring agricultural and grazing land to plant trees and grass. This paper examines how SLCP is being experienced and perceived in one agro-pastoral Tibetan community in Sichuan Province on the eastern Tibetan Plateau, and focuses on livelihoods impacts, environmental sustainability, and local versus state meanings. Participants were motivated by purely financial reasons, but some, especially poorer households, were concerned about impacts on livelihoods. Respondents questioned the environmental impacts and rationale of SLCP given the low survival rates of trees and lack of incentives for long-term management. There were barriers to moving to off-farm work alongside a resistance to leaving a subsistence livelihood base and agro-pastoral lifestyle. Positive views about the policy's environmental and wellbeing benefits were reserved for plantations on unproductive land. Local responses to SLCP highlight issues with wider state-led policies that expropriate land and resources and privilege economic valuation of the environment.
Thoracic bite trauma in dogs and cats: a retrospective study of 65 cases
Authors: Cabon Q. , Deroy C. , Ferrand F.-X. , Pillard P. , Cachon T. , Fau D. , Goy-Thollot I. , Viguier E. , Carozzo C. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryObjectives: To report a case series of thoracic bite trauma in dogs and cats and to evaluate risk factors for mortality.Methods: A retrospective study concerning thoracic bite wounds in dogs and cats was performed. Lesions were categorized by depth of penetration: no wound, superficial, deep or penetrating. Thoracic radiographic reports were reviewed. Lesion management was classified as non-surgical, wound exploration, or explorative thoracotomy.Results: Sixty-five cases were collected. Twenty-two percent of patients with normal respiratory patterns showed thoracic radio-graphic lesions. Respiratory distress was not correlated with mortality. Twenty-eight patients were presented with superficial wounds and 13 with deep wounds. Eight patients exhibited penetrating wounds. Radio-graphic lesions were observed in 77% of dogs and 100% of cats. Explorative thoracotomy was performed in 28% of patients, and surgical wound exploration in 17.2%. With the exception of skin wounds, thoracic wall discontinuity was the most frequent lesion. Thoracotomy was associated with increased length of hospitalisation but was not correlated with mortality. The mortality rate was 15.4%. No studied factor correlated with mortality, and the long-term outcomes were excellent.Clinical significance: A penetrating injury, more than three radiographic lesions, or both together seemed to be indicative of the need for a thoracotomy. In the absence of these criteria, systematic bite wound explorative surgery is recommended, with extension to thoracotomy if thoracic body wall disruption is observed.
Increase of Antimyeloperoxidase Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA) in Patients with Renal ANCA-associated Vasculitis: Association with Risk to Relapse
Authors: Yamaguchi Makoto , Ando Masahiko , Kato Sawako , Katsuno Takayuki , Kato Noritoshi , Kosugi Tomoki , Sato Waichi , Tsuboi Naotake , Yasuda Yoshinari , Mizuno Masashi , Ito Yasuhiko , Matsuo Seiichi , Maruyama Shoichi 
Published: September 2015

Objective.The diagnostic values of antiproteinase 3 and antimyeloperoxidase tests using antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are well established. Our study determined whether an increase in ANCA level was a predictor of disease flareup.Methods.Our study included 126 patients with ANCA-associated renal vasculitis treated at 9 nephrology centers in Japan. The relationship between increased ANCA levels and relapse was assessed using time-dependent multivariate Cox regression models adjusted for clinically relevant factors. The outcome of interest was the time from remission to first relapse.Results.During the observation period [median 41 mos, interquartile range (IQR) 23–66 mos], 118 patients (95.8%) achieved remission at least once. After achieving remission, 34 patients relapsed (21.7%). Time-dependent multivariate Cox regression models revealed that lung involvement (adjusted HR 2.29, 95% CI 1.13–4.65, p = 0.022) and increased ANCA levels (adjusted HR 17.4, 95% CI 8.42–36.0, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with relapse. The median time from ANCA level increase to relapse was 0.6 months (IQR 0–2.1 mos).Conclusion.In our study, an increase in ANCA level during remission was associated with a risk of disease relapse. A rise in ANCA level may be useful for guiding treatment decisions in appropriate subsets of patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis.
La sexualité dans les films autour de la psychanalyse
Authors: Aleksić Branko 
Published: September 2015

Le genre du cinéma qui explore les aléas de la psychanalyse a quelque chose de l’analyse didactique. Le mécanisme de réminiscences refoulées s’apparente à la technique de « flash-back », et la narration non-linéaire aux multiples canaux de caméra. La sexualité dans les films autour de la psychanalyse met en scène non seulement le monde physique, mais aussi celui verbal, de la parole – écrite, lue, orale. La circulation de « la cure par parole » entre Freud, Jung et la jeune Sabina Spielrein est d’abord mise en une sorte de la camera obscura (Christopher Hampton, The Talking Cure , pièce de théâtre, 2003), puis filmée, décryptée et magnifiée par les images dans le film en costumes de l’époque de David Cronenberg, A Dangereous Method , en 2011.
Primary gastric tuberculosis mimicking a submucosal tumor
Authors: Sharma Vishal , Rana Surinder Singh , Gunjan Deepak , Chhabra Puneet , Sharma Ravi , Bhasin Deepak K. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractGastric tuberculosis is very rare and is usually associated with pulmonary tuberculosis. Endoscopically, it usually resembles peptic ulcer disease or malignancy. We present a 28-year-old female who had a submucosal lesion in the body of the stomach that mimicked a submucosal tumor. Endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration yielded caseous material, and the cytological examination confirmed the diagnosis of tuberculosis.