bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic response of three dimension tunnel on elastic foundation subjected to moving vehicle loads
Authors: Chung Nguyen Thai , Tien Do Ngoc 
Published: June 2015

Dynamic response analysis of tunnel with elastic foundation subjected to the load such as the hydrostatic pressure, seismic or moving load is an important but complicate problem in transport engineering due to increasing of traffic volume. This paper is devoted to study dynamic response of a tunnel surrounded by elastic foundation under moving vehicle loads by using the finite element method (FEM). The numerical results were then validated by an experimentation on a real structure.
Adjusting for the Confounding Effects of Treatment Switching—The BREAK-3 Trial: Dabrafenib Versus Dacarbazine
Authors: Latimer Nicholas R. , Abrams Keith R. , Amonkar Mayur M. , Stapelkamp Ceilidh , Swann R. Suzanne 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackground.Patients with previously untreated BRAF V600E mutation-positive melanoma in BREAK-3 showed a median overall survival (OS) of 18.2 months for dabrafenib versus 15.6 months for dacarbazine (hazard ratio [HR], 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.48–1.21). Because patients receiving dacarbazine were allowed to switch to dabrafenib at disease progression, we attempted to adjust for the confounding effects on OS.Materials and Methods.Rank preserving structural failure time models (RPSFTMs) and the iterative parameter estimation (IPE) algorithm were used. Two analyses, “treatment group” (assumes treatment effect could continue until death) and “on-treatment observed” (assumes treatment effect disappears with discontinuation), were used to test the assumptions around the durability of the treatment effect.Results.A total of 36 of 63 patients (57%) receiving dacarbazine switched to dabrafenib. The adjusted OS HRs ranged from 0.50 to 0.55, depending on the analysis. The RPSFTM and IPE “treatment group” and “on-treatment observed” analyses performed similarly well.Conclusion.RPSFTM and IPE analyses resulted in point estimates for the OS HR that indicate a substantial increase in the treatment effect compared with the unadjusted OS HR of 0.76. The results are uncertain because of the assumptions associated with the adjustment methods. The confidence intervals continued to cross 1.00; thus, the adjusted estimates did not provide statistically significant evidence of a treatment benefit on survival. However, it is clear that a standard intention-to-treat analysis will be confounded in the presence of treatment switching—a reliance on unadjusted analyses could lead to inappropriate practice. Adjustment analyses provide useful additional information on the estimated treatment effects to inform decision making.Implications for Practice:Treatment switching is common in oncology trials, and the implications of this for the interpretation of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the novel treatment are important to consider. If patients who switch treatments benefit from the experimental treatment and a standard intention-to-treat analysis is conducted, the overall survival advantage associated with the new treatment could be underestimated. The present study applied established statistical methods to adjust for treatment switching in a trial that compared dabrafenib and dacarbazine for metastatic melanoma. The results showed that this led to a substantially increased estimate of the overall survival treatment effect associated with dabrafenib.
Efeitos da condicionalidade em educação do Programa Bolsa Família em Campinas (SP)
Authors: Pires André 
Published: June 2015

O Programa Bolsa Família objetiva a transferência de renda condicionada do governo federal que vincula o recebimento do benefício à frequência escolar mínima de crianças e jovens (6-17 anos). O artigo analisa os efeitos dessa condicionalidade nos indicadores escolares em população de beneficiários residentes em Campinas (SP), tomando por base informações do Censo 2010 e comparando indicadores educacionais do grupo de beneficiários do programa e de um grupo de controle. Os resultados mostram que a condicionalidade relacionada à educação é positiva no incremento da frequência escolar dos beneficiários e em termos da adequação idade/curso. Verifica-se, ao término do período de frequência escolar exigido pelo programa, queda abrupta nos números relativos à frequência e adequação idade/curso entre os beneficiários. Ao final, são apresentados desafios suscitados pelos dados relativos a um dos objetivos do programa: combater a transmissão intergeracional da pobreza com a frequência escolar.
On the Advection-Upstream-Splitting-Method Hybrid Scheme: A Simple Transient-Flow Model for Managed-Pressure-Drilling and Underbalanced-Drilling Applications
Authors: Udegbunam John Emeka , Fjelde Kjell Kåre , Evje Steinar , Nygaard Gerhard 
Published: June 2015

Summary
Transient flow models play an important role in the planning and follow-up of advanced well operations such as managed pressure drilling (MPD) and underbalanced operations. The most recent trend is a situation whereby flow models and control-engineering algorithms are combined in various settings to control flow parameters. This requires robust flow models and an in-depth understanding of uncertainties in the modeling process.
This paper presents a simple and robust transient model that can handle highly dynamic flow systems. The model, the Advection-Upstream-Splitting-Model hybrid scheme, was developed for academic and training purposes. With the model, students can investigate different flow scenarios and pressure-control challenges encountered in general well control, MPD, underbalanced drilling, and automation.
The capability of this model to handle highly changing flow scenarios is demonstrated with examples taken from MPD and underbalanced operations. The effect of numerical dissipation on the model predictions is briefly discussed.
Planning to Minimize the Risks and Maximize the Rewards of the Estate Portability Election
Authors: Duncan William A. , Everett John O. , Raabe William A. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT
Estate tax planning has been changed substantially with the enactment of the carryover of unused estate tax exclusion amounts from the first spouse to die to the estate of the second spouse. Termed portability, the availability of the deceased spouse's unused exclusion amount (DSUEA) largely eliminates the need for most taxpayers to conduct a series of lifetime asset transfers to balance estates and maximize the use of the exclusions. It also opens an opportunity for a double basis increase adjustment, one when the first spouse dies and a second when the surviving spouse dies.
Where the DSUEA is sufficient to offset the additional inclusion from estate taxation in whole or in part, there may be an advantage to using the marital deduction to avoid inclusion in the tax base until the second demise. We explore the combination of estate asset values, appreciation expectations, and appropriate properties within the context of planning with the portability election, as well as the risk variables associated with such planning strategies.
Career-Risk Concerns, Information Effort, and Optimal Pay-for-Performance Sensitivity
Authors: Chen Qi , Dikolli Shane S. , Jiang Wei 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT
Prior work has established that managers' concerns about the level of their future compensation (i.e., implicit incentives from career concerns) may substitute for explicit incentives in compensation contracts offered to the managers in a single-task setting (Gibbons and Murphy 1992). We show that the substitution effect can be weakened, and even reversed, when managers (1) exert effort, in addition to production effort, to influence information about their ability, and (2) are concerned about both the level and variability of their reputation. We also find that managerial concern about the variability of reputation can lead to the optimal pay-for-performance sensitivity increasing in the underlying risk measure, rather than decreasing in risk, as in standard incentive-risk trade-offs. We test these predictions using a large sample of CEO compensation outcomes. Results are consistent with our model predictions.
Workplace Culture Mediates Performance Appraisal Effectiveness and Employee Outcomes: A Study in a Retail Setting
Authors: Cravens Karen S. , Oliver Elizabeth Goad , Oishi Shigehiro , Stewart Jeanine S. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT
Performance measures have long played a central role in motivating employees to help achieve organizational objectives. However, previous research regarding the effectiveness of performance measures and the performance appraisal process does not provide consistent recommendations for improvement. This study explores the effect of a positive work environment that mediates the relationship between the effectiveness of the performance appraisal process and employee outcomes. Based upon experimental findings in the growing field of positive psychology as applied to a business setting, or positive organizational scholarship, this study puts forward a new construct, workplace culture, that measures the employees' perception of a positive, holistic, transparent, and supportive workplace and examines how it affects outcomes associated with employee success. Using a large sample of sales associates from a national retailer, our results indicate that workplace culture mediates the relationship between the effectiveness of the performance appraisal process and job satisfaction, employee retention, and self-reported performance.
Characteristics of bone fractures and usefulness of micro–computed tomography for fracture detection in rabbits: 210 cases (2007–2013)
Authors: Sasai Hiroshi , Fujita Daisuke , Tagami Yukari , Seto Eiko , Denda Yuki , Hamakita Hideaki , Ichihashi Tomonori , Okamura Kensaku , Furuya Masaru , Tani Hiroyuki , Sasai Kazumi , Yamate Jyoji 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Objective—To characterize bone fractures and the usefulness of micro-CT for imaging fractures in pet rabbits.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—210 client-owned rabbits with bone fractures.
Procedures—Medical records of rabbits evaluated for bone fractures from 2007 through 2013 were examined. Information was collected on signalment and nature of fractures, and radiographic and micro-CT images of fractures were reviewed.
Results—Almost half (n = 95 [47.7%]) of fractures were in rabbits < 3 years old. Accidental fall was the most common cause. Vertebral fracture was the most common type of fracture with a nonneoplastic cause (n = 46 [23.2%]) and was most common in the L4-L7 region. The tibia was the most common site for limb fracture among all fractures with a nonneoplastic cause (45 [22.7%]). Twelve (5.7%) fractures had a neoplastic cause, and 7 of these were associated with metastatic uterine adenocarcinoma. Females were significantly more likely to have a fracture caused by neoplasia than were males. Compared with radiography, micro-CT provided more detailed fracture information, particularly for complicated fractures or structures (eg, skull, pelvic, vertebral, and comminuted limb fractures).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Findings were useful for understanding the nature of fractures in pet rabbits and supported the use of micro-CT versus radiography for fracture detection and evaluation.
Bergoglio et François : quand un jésuite devient pape
Authors: Schlegel Jean-Louis 
Published: June 2015

Qu’est-ce qu’un pape jésuite ? Qu’y a-t-il de proprement « jésuite » dans le parcours de François, dans sa façon de concevoir la conduite de l’Église, dans ses références intellectuelles, et même sa manière de prêcher ? Il ne s’agit pas en effet d’une simple formation intellectuelle mais d’épreuves de vie, d’un enracinement spirituel qui l’a mené de l’Argentine au Vatican.
Les jésuites et la sensibilité religieuse en France
Authors: Giard Luce , Goujon Patrick , Julia Dominique , Langlois Claude , Padis Marc-Olivier 
Published: June 2015

Que se passe-t-il au moment du rétablissement de l’ordre jésuite en 1814 ? L’influence rapide que retrouvent les jésuites passe notamment par l’enseignement, mais elle s’étend ensuite à mesure que les jésuites s’engagent dans des professions intellectuelles qui les mettront en contact avec les nouvelles questions scientifiques ou politiques de leur temps.
Le corps contemporain, une recherche d’identité
Authors: Vigarello Georges 
Published: June 2015

Le biologique et le psychologique sont étroitement imbriqués dans les perceptions contemporaines du corps, que l’on « écoute » pour déceler des signaux, des messages qui révèlent une maladie ou un mal-être, et pour les faire disparaître par la danse, le yoga, la gymnastique… Le corps, comme naguère l’âme, semble être devenu le lieu central de l’identité.
Une éducation universelle à la parentalité : un besoin impérieux
Authors: Parens Henri 
Published: June 2015

Pendant sept années, dix mères et dix bébés ont participé à notre étude. 19 ans après, l’étude suivante démontra que nos sujets en tirèrent des bénéfices sur 3 mesures : adaptation générale et profil d’agression chez les enfants, ainsi que fonctions de parentage des mères. Ces bénéfices restèrent évidents 32 et 37 ans plus tard. Nous en documentons 2 hypothèses : 1. des mesures éducatives peuvent faciliter un parentage « favorable au développement chez l’enfant » ; 2. « le déplaisir psychique génère l’agression hostile » ; ainsi, l’agression hostile est modérée ou amplifiée par l’expérience.
« Un enfant est malade » : le sacré et sa transgression
Authors: Kessaci Lyasmine , Abelhauser Alain 
Published: June 2015

La figure de l’enfant semble l’une des dernières à conserver encore, dans notre culture contemporaine, une dimension sacrée. Ce qui lui attire d’autant certains types de sévices – le sacré appelant volontiers la transgression. Le « syndrome de Münchhausen par procuration » constitue un exemple emblématique de cette mise à mal de l’enfant, qui montre bien comment le fantasme laisse place à la mise en acte, d’autant plus redoutable qu’elle s’appuie là sur une « face obscure » de la maternité.
CD58/CD2 Is the Primary Costimulatory Pathway in Human CD28−CD8+ T Cells
Authors: Leitner Judith , Herndler-Brandstetter Dietmar , Zlabinger Gerhard J. , Grubeck-Loebenstein Beatrix , Steinberger Peter 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
A substantial proportion of CD8+ T cells in adults lack the expression of the CD28 molecule, and the aging of the immune system is associated with a steady expansion of this T cell subset. CD28−CD8+ T cells are characterized by potent effector functions but impaired responses to antigenic challenge. CD28 acts as the primary T cell costimulatory receptor, but there are numerous additional receptors that can costimulate the activation of T cells. In this study, we have examined such alternative costimulatory pathways regarding their functional role in CD28−CD8+ T cells. Our study showed that most costimulatory molecules have a low capacity to activate CD28-deficient T cells, whereas the engagement of the CD2 molecule by its ligand CD58 clearly costimulated proliferation, cytokine production, and effector function in this T cell subset. CD58 is broadly expressed on APCs including dendritic cells. Blocking CD58 mAb greatly reduced the response of human CD28−CD8+ T cells to allogeneic dendritic cells, as well as to viral Ags. Our results clearly identify the CD58/CD2 axis as the primary costimulatory pathway for CD8 T cells that lack CD28. Moreover, we show that engagement of CD2 amplifies TCR signals in CD28−CD8+ T cells, demonstrating that the CD2–CD58 interaction has a genuine costimulatory effect on this T cell subset. CD2 signals might promote the control of viral infection by CD28−CD8+ T cells, but they might also contribute to the continuous expansion of CD28−CD8+ T cells during chronic stimulation by persistent Ag.
Essential Function for the Nuclear Protein Akirin2 in B Cell Activation and Humoral Immune Responses
Authors: Tartey Sarang , Matsushita Kazufumi , Imamura Tomoko , Wakabayashi Atsuko , Ori Daisuke , Mino Takashi , Takeuchi Osamu 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Akirin2, an evolutionarily conserved nuclear protein, is an important factor regulating inflammatory gene transcription in mammalian innate immune cells by bridging the NF-κB and SWI/SNF complexes. Although Akirin is critical for Drosophila immune responses, which totally rely on innate immunity, the mammalian NF-κB system is critical not only for the innate but also for the acquired immune system. Therefore, we investigated the role of mouse Akirin2 in acquired immune cells by ablating Akirin2 function in B lymphocytes. B cell–specific Akirin2-deficient (Cd19Cre/+Akirin2fl/fl) mice showed profound decrease in the splenic follicular (FO) and peritoneal B-1, but not splenic marginal zone (MZ), B cell numbers. However, both Akirin2-deficient FO and MZ B cells showed severe proliferation defect and are prone to undergo apoptosis in response to TLR ligands, CD40, and BCR stimulation. Furthermore, B cell cycling was defective in the absence of Akirin2 owing to impaired expression of genes encoding cyclin D and c-Myc. Additionally, Brg1 recruitment to the Myc and Ccnd2 promoter was severely impaired in Akirin2-deficient B cells. Cd19Cre/+Akirin2fl/fl mice showed impaired in vivo immune responses to T-dependent and -independent Ags. Collectively, these results demonstrate that Akirin2 is critical for the mitogen-induced B cell cycle progression and humoral immune responses by controlling the SWI/SNF complex, further emphasizing the significant function of Akirin2 not only in the innate, but also in adaptive immune cells.
Unified Gas Kinetic Scheme and Direct Simulation Monte Carlo Computations of High-Speed Lid-Driven Microcavity Flows
Authors: Venugopal Vishnu , Girimaji Sharath S. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAccurate simulations of high-speed rarefied flows present many physical and computational challenges. Toward this end, the present work extends the Unified Gas Kinetic Scheme (UGKS) to a wider range of Mach and Knudsen numbers by implementing WENO (Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory) interpolation. Then the UGKS is employed to simulate the canonical problem of lid-driven cavity flow at high speeds. Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) computations are also performed when appropriate for comparison. The effect of aspect ratio, Knudsen number and Mach number on cavity flow physics is examined leading to important insight.
Eating Apes, Eating Cows
Authors: McKenna Erin 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
this paper focuses on animal issues—specifically relating to the animal beings we eat—using the perspective of American pragmatism. This essay grows out of my earlier work that used American pragmatism, specifically the work of John Dewey, to argue that we can develop a productive process model of utopia. In this model, it becomes important for us to critically examine the goals we choose to pursue because what we choose to pursue in the present sets the limits and possibilities of what we will be able to pursue in the future. Utopian visions are future-focused. We need goals, or ends-in-view, to help direct our present actions. If we give up on the idea of perfection often connected with utopian visions, such thinking can be an important way to realistically examine present action in light of future hopes and desires. Rather than seek perfection, the process model of utopia seeks to create and sustain people willing to take on responsibility and participate in directing their present toward a better, more desirable future. This is an ongoing task.
Identification of Neurexophilin 3 as a Novel Supportive Factor for Survival of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Dopaminergic Progenitors
Authors: Nishimura Kaneyasu , Murayama Shigeo , Takahashi Jun 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Successful cell transplantation for Parkinson's disease (PD) depends on both an optimal host brain environment and ideal donor cells. We report that a secreted peptide, neurexophilin 3 (NXPH3), supports the survival of mouse induced pluripotent stem cell-derived (iPSC-derived) dopaminergic (DA) neurons in vitro and in vivo. We compared the gene expression profiles in the mouse striatum from two different environments: a supportive environment, which we defined as 1 week after acute administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), and a nonsupportive environment, defined as 8 weeks after chronic administration of MPTP. NXPH3 expression was higher in the former condition and lower in the latter compared with untreated controls. When we injected mouse iPSC-derived neural cells along with NXPH3 into the mouse striatum, the ratio of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive DA neurons per graft volume was higher at 8 weeks compared with cell injections that excluded NXPH3. In addition, quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses of the postmortem putamen revealed that the expression level of NXPH3 was lower in PD patients compared with normal controls. These findings will contribute to optimizing the host brain environment and patient recruitment in cell therapy for PD.

Significance
This study identified neurexophilin 3 (NXPH3), a secreted peptide, through comparison of gene expression profiles in the mouse striatum from various environments generated by different doses of dopaminergic (DA) neuron toxin. When mouse induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural cells along with NXPH3 were injected into the mouse striatum, the ratio of DA neurons per graft volume was higher at 8 weeks compared with cell injections without NXPH3. In addition, quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses of the postmortem putamen revealed that the expression level of NXPH3 was lower in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) compared with controls without PD. These findings contribute to optimization of the host brain environment and patient recruitment in cell therapy.