bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyphenols suppress hydrogen peroxide‐induced oxidative stress in human bone‐marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Yagi Haruyo , Tan Jian , Tuan Rocky S. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractHuman mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are considered a highly promising candidate cell type for cell‐based tissue engineering and regeneration because of their self‐renewal and multi‐lineage differentiation characteristics. Increased levels of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) are associated with tissue injury and inflammation, impact a number of cellular processes, including cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation, and have been linked to cellular senescence in MSCs, potentially compromising their activities. Naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds (polyphenols), epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG), and curcumin, block ROS/RNS and are potent inflammation‐modulating agents. However, their potential protective effects against oxidative stress in hMSCs have not been examined. In this study, we carried out a systematic analysis of the effects of polyphenols on hMSCs in their response to oxidative stress in the form of treatment with H2O2 and S‐nitroso‐N‐acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), respectively. Parameters measured included colony forming activity, apoptosis, and the levels of antioxidant enzymes and free reactive species. We found that polyphenols reversed H2O2‐induced loss of colony forming activity in hMSCs. In a dose‐dependent manner, polyphenols inhibited increased levels of ROS and NO, produced by H2O2 or SNAP, respectively, in MSCs. Notably, polyphenols rapidly and almost completely blocked H2O2‐induced ROS in the absence of significant direct effect on H2O2 itself. Polyphenols also protected the antioxidant enzymes and reduced apoptotic cell death caused by H2O2 exposure. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that EGCG and curcumin are capable of suppressing inducible oxidative stress in hMSCs, and suggest a possible new approach to maintain MSC viability and potency for clinical application. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 1163–1173, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ATDC5: An excellent in vitro model cell line for skeletal development
Authors: Yao Yongchang , Wang Yingjun 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe ATDC5 cell line is derived from mouse teratocarcinoma cells and characterized as a chondrogenic cell line which goes through a sequential process analogy to chondrocyte differentiation. Thus, it is regarded as a promising in vitro model to study the factors that influence cell behaviors during chondrogenesis. It also provides insights in exploring signaling pathways related to skeletal development as well as interactions with innovative materials. To date, over 200 studies have utilized ATDC5 to obtain lots of significant findings. In this review, we summarized the literature of ATDC5 related studies and emphasized the application of ATDC5 in chondrogenesis. In addition, the general introduction of ATDC5 including its derivation and characterization is covered in this article. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 1223–1229, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Coulomb replica‐exchange method: Handling electrostatic attractive and repulsive forces for biomolecules
Authors: Itoh Satoru G. , Okumura Hisashi 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe propose a new type of the Hamiltonian replica‐exchange method (REM) for molecular dynamics (MD) and Monte Carlo simulations, which we refer to as the Coulomb REM (CREM). In this method, electrostatic charge parameters in the Coulomb interactions are exchanged among replicas while temperatures are exchanged in the usual REM. By varying the atom charges, the CREM overcomes free‐energy barriers and realizes more efficient sampling in the conformational space than the REM. Furthermore, this method requires only a smaller number of replicas because only the atom charges of solute molecules are used as exchanged parameters. We performed Coulomb replica‐exchange MD simulations of an alanine dipeptide in explicit water solvent and compared the results with those of the conventional canonical, replica exchange, and van der Waals REMs. Two force fields of AMBER parm99 and AMBER parm99SB were used. As a result, the CREM sampled all local‐minimum free‐energy states more frequently than the other methods for both force fields. Moreover, the Coulomb, van der Waals, and usual REMs were applied to a fragment of an amyloid‐β peptide (Aβ) in explicit water solvent to compare the sampling efficiency of these methods for a larger system. The CREM sampled structures of the Aβ fragment more efficiently than the other methods. We obtained β‐helix, α‐helix, 310‐helix, β‐hairpin, and β‐sheet structures as stable structures and deduced pathways of conformational transitions among these structures from a free‐energy landscape. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Insight into microbial hemicellulases other than xylanases: a review
Authors: Juturu Veeresh , Wu Jin Chuan 
Published: November 2012

AbstractHemicellulases responsible for depolymerization of hemicellulose, including α‐glucuronidase, α‐arabinofuranosidase, arabinase, endo‐mannanase, β‐mannosidase, acetyl xylan esterase and feruloyl xylan esterase, were reviewed. They usually exist as multimers with a modified (β/α)8 Tim barrel fold. In a few cases they possess a substrate binding domain which helps them bind to the substrates bringing efficient hydrolysis. Post‐translational modifications are the major reasons leading to enzyme multiplicities to adapt the heterogeneous nature of hemicellulose. Glycosylation is one of the most important post translational modifications and contributes multiple functions to the protein such as stability, multiplicity and in a few cases enzyme activity. Advances in recombinant DNA technology have made it feasible to clone, improve and functionally express them in various hosts. Hemicellulases are traditionally applied in food, feed, detergent and paper industries, but their applications in hydrolysis of hemicellulose to release sugars is expected to increase, driven by the rapid development of lignocellulose biorefineries. Screening more powerful hemicellulases from nature, mining their coding genes from various sources and engineering them genetically are recommended for broadening their applications. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Temporal dynamics of lactate concentration in the human brain during acute inspiratory hypoxia
Authors: Harris Ashley D. , Roberton Victoria H. , Huckle Danielle L. , Saxena Neeraj , Evans C. John , Murphy Kevin , Hall Judith E. , Bailey Damian M. , Mitsis Georgios , Edden Richard A.E. , Wise Richard G. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPurpose:To demonstrate the feasibility of measuring the temporal dynamics of cerebral lactate concentration and examine these dynamics in human subjects using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) during hypoxia.Materials and Methods:A respiratory protocol consisting of 10‐minute baseline normoxia, 20‐minute inspiratory hypoxia, and ending with 10‐minute normoxic recovery was used, throughout which lactate‐edited MRS was performed. This was repeated four times in three subjects. A separate session was performed to measure blood lactate. Impulse response functions using end‐tidal oxygen and blood lactate as system inputs and cerebral lactate as the system output were examined to describe the dynamics of the cerebral lactate response to a hypoxic challenge.Results:The average lactate increase was 20% ± 15% during the last half of the hypoxic challenge. Significant changes in cerebral lactate concentration were observed after 400 seconds. The average relative increase in blood lactate was 188% ± 95%. The temporal dynamics of cerebral lactate concentration was reproducibly demonstrated with 200‐second time bins of MRS data (coefficient of variation 0.063 ± 0.035 between time bins in normoxia). The across‐subject coefficient of variation was 0.333.Conclusion:The methods for measuring the dynamics of the cerebral lactate response developed here would be useful to further investigate the brain's response to hypoxia. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;37:739–745. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prevalence of Antibodies to Hepatitis E Virus in Immigrants: A Seroepidemiological Survey in the District of Foggia (Apulia‐Southern Italy)
Authors: Scotto Gaetano , Martinelli Domenico , Giammario Adele , Prato Rosa , Fazio Vincenzina 
Published: November 2012

AbstractHepatitis E virus (HEV) is the etiologic agent of endemically transmitted viral hepatitis. HEV is endemic in developing countries where it occurs in sporadic and endemic forms, but autochthonous sporadic cases of hepatitis E have been reported in North America and in Europe, including Italy. The aim of the present study was to assess the seroprevalence of antibodies to HEV in immigrants from developing countries to the province of Foggia. The seroprevalence of HEV was determined in a cohort of 412 immigrants (mostly from countries in sub‐Saharan Africa) who had arrived recently in Italy. Serum samples were tested for anti‐HEV by a commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA) based on recombinant proteins; positive results were confirmed by a Western blot assay (Recomblot HEV). A total of 88 (21.3%) of the 412 serum samples examined were reactive to IgG anti‐HEV. Eighty‐one of these samples (19.7%) were confirmed by Western blot. Anti‐HEV IgM was found in 34/81 subjects (41.9%) of the anti‐HEV IgG positive serum samples. Almost all anti‐HEV positive subjects were asymptomatic clinically, but alanine aminotransferase serum values were elevated in 28/34 (82.3%) patients with IgM anti‐HEV‐positive. The results of this study indicate high circulation of HEV in the immigrant population. The high prevalence of acute hepatitis involved mainly subjects who arrived in Italy during the same period from the same countries (Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia). J. Med. Virol. 85:261–265, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of rhBMP‐2 and VEGF in a vascularized bone allotransplant experimental model based on surgical neoangiogenesis
Authors: Mattar Tiago , Friedrich Patricia F. , Bishop Allen T. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe have demonstrated survival of living allogeneic bone without long‐term immunosuppression using short‐term immunosuppression and simultaneous creation of an autogenous neoagiogenic circulation. In this study, bone morphogenic protein‐2 (rhBMP‐2), and/or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), were used to augment this process. Femoral diaphyseal bone was transplanted heterotopically from 46 Dark Agouti to 46 Lewis rats. Microvascular repair of the allotransplant nutrient pedicle was combined with intra‐medullary implantation of an autogenous saphenous arteriovenous (AV) bundle and biodegradable microspheres containing buffer (control), rhBMP‐2 or rhBMP‐2 + VEGF. FK‐506 given daily for 14 days maintained nutrient pedicle flow during angiogenesis. After an 18 weeks survival period, we measured angiogenesis (capillary density) from the AV bundle and cortical bone blood flow. Both measures were greater in the combined (rhBMP‐2 + VEGF) group than rhBMP‐2 and control groups (p < 0.05). Osteoblast counts were also higher in the rhBMP‐2 + VEGF group (p < 0.05). A trend towards greater bone formation was seen in both rhBMP2 + VGF and rhBMP2 groups as compared to controls (p = 0.059). Local administration of VEGF and rhBMP‐2 augments angiogenesis, osteoblastic activity and bone blood flow from implanted blood vessels of donor origin in vascularized bone allografts. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31: 561–566, 2013
Evaluation of factors affecting tibial bone strain after unicompartmental knee replacement
Authors: Pegg Elise C. , Walter Jonathan , Mellon Stephen J. , Pandit Hemant G. , Murray David W. , D'Lima Darryl D. , Fregly Benjamin J. , Gill Harinderjit S. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPersistent pain is an important cause of patient dissatisfaction after unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) and has been correlated with localized tibial strain. However, the factors that influence these strains are not well understood. To address this issue, we created finite element models to examine the effect on tibial strain of: (1) muscle forces (estimated using instrumented knee data) acting on attachment sites on the proximal tibia, (2) UKR implantation, (3) loading position, and (4) changes in gait pattern. Muscle forces acting on the tibia had no significant influence on strains within the periprosthetic region, but UKR implantation increased strain by 20%. Strain also significantly increased if the region of load application was moved >3 mm medially. The strain within the periprosthetic region was found to be dependent on gait pattern and was influenced by both medial and lateral loads, with the medial load having a greater effect (regression coefficients: medial = 0.74, lateral = 0.30). These findings suggest that tibial strain is increased after UKR and may be a cause of pain. It may be possible to reduce pain through modification of surgical factors or through altered gait patterns. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31: 821–828, 2013
Chemical analysis of Teucrium species (Lamiaceae) growing on serpentine soils in Bulgaria
Authors: Pavlova Dolja , Karadjova Irina 
Published: November 2012

AbstractTrace elemental concentrations (Fe, Ni, Mn, Cr, Co, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, and As) in aerial biomass (stems, leaves, and flowers) of the medicinal plants Teucrium chamaedrys, T. montanum, and T. polium growing on serpentine soils in Bulgaria were examined in relation to the total element contents in their respective rhizospheric soils. The objectives of the study were to evaluate: (1) elemental concentrations in plant tissues and associated soil samples together with the plants ability to tolerate/accumulate metal concentrations; (2) correlations between total metal concentrations in plants and their rhizospheric soils. Metal concentrations varied across species and sites. Their levels in plant tissues from nonserpentine sites were always lower compared to those from serpentine ones. The highest concentrations for Fe, Ni, Mn, Cr, As, Cu, and Pb were found in T. polium. Positive correlation coefficients were established between Ni, Cr, Fe, Co, and Cu in plants and Ca in the soil. None of the species tested hyperaccumulated metals although the metal concentration in some of them exceeded the range naturally found in plants. The Teucrium species can be considered as “excluders”, containing relatively low metal concentrations in their aerial parts (stems, leaves, and flowers) even in cases of high elemental concentrations in the rhizospheric soil. In all three medicinal plants, metal concentrations for toxic elements were above the permissible limits for pharmaceutical purposes. Therefore, plants found on serpentine bedrock are not recommended to be collected for pharmaceutical purposes.
Effects of lanthanum on growth, element uptake, and oxidative stress in rice seedlings
Authors: Liu Dongwu , Lin Yousheng , Wang Xue 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe assessed the effects of increasing amounts of lanthanum (La) in solution on growth, nutrient metal accumulation, and the expression of oxidative stress in rice seedlings. The La concentration in shoots increased with La3+ supply and differentially affected the uptake of nutrient elements. Hormetic effects were observed on seed germination and biomass accumulation with increasing trends up to 0.1 mM La3+. Higher La concentrations were associated with an increase in malondialdehyde and H2O2 and a decline in chlorophyll, soluble proteins, and photosynthetic activity. We conclude that La supply at low rates may be beneficial to rice, while at higher rates, La induces oxidative stress.
Rhizosphere phosphorus depletion by three crops differing in their phosphorus critical levels
Authors: Rubio Gerardo , Faggioli Valeria , Scheiner Javier D. , Gutiérrez‐Boem Flavio H. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIt has been reported for many soils that maize (Zea mays L.) has a higher soil‐P critical level than soybean (Glycine max L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L). The objective of this work was to compare the rhizosphere P depletion in these three species in order to investigate if they differ in their capacity to acquire soil P. Sequential P fractionation and pH were determined in rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soil samples from field and greenhouse experiments. Neither sunflower (the species with highest rhizosphere acidification) nor soybean or maize showed a significant relationship between P depletion and rhizosphere pH. The labile P fraction and the NaOH‐Pi fraction had lower values in the rhizosphere than in the bulk soil in 38% and 77% of the studied cases, respectively. Sunflower and especially maize presented a more intense Pi depletion than soybean. The comparison between sunflower and maize revealed that neither of them took a clear advantage over the other in terms of P depletion. Rhizosphere Pi depletion was associated with the amount of P acquired by the plants. We conclude that the accessibility to different P pools does not explain the differences in soil‐P critical levels among the three species.
Optimal predictive value of preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen for surgical outcomes in stage I non‐small cell lung cancer: Differences according to histology and smoking status
Authors: Kato Tatsuya , Ishikawa Keidai , Aragaki Masato , Sato Masaaki , Okamoto Kenzo , Ishibashi Tetsuya , Oba Koji , Kaji Mitsuhito 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe cutoff value of preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels has not been investigated using appropriate subgroup analyses for non‐small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). This study was undertaken to determine whether the most predictive preoperative CEA level for risk of recurrence differs according to histological type, and how smoking status influences predictive values in Stage I NSCLC.MethodsSubjects comprised Stage I NSCLC patients [141 patients with adenocarcinoma (ADC) and 36 with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)].ResultsIn patients with Stage I ADC, recurrence‐free survival (RFS) differed most significantly at a preoperative CEA level of 2.5 ng/ml, regardless of smoking status. Cases with preoperative CEA >2.5 ng/ml correlated with male sex, high maximum standard uptake value on 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, poorer histopathological grade, lymphatic invasion, and smoking status. Importantly, preoperative CEA >2.5 ng/ml was identified as an independent risk factor for recurrence (P = 0.0015). Conversely, in patients with SCC, a preoperative CEA level of 3.0 ng/ml was the most predictive threshold.ConclusionsThresholds of preoperative CEA should be considered when predicting risk of relapse, even if these levels are within normal limits, as optimal cutoff levels may vary according to histological type. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:619–624. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synergistically Enhance Magnetic Resonance/Fluorescence Imaging Performance of Responsive Polymeric Nanoparticles Under Mildly Acidic Biological Milieu
Authors: Hu Jinming , Liu Tao , Zhang Guoying , Jin Fan , Liu Shiyong 
Published: November 2012

AbstractCore cross‐linked (CCL) polymeric micelles covalently labeled with DOTA(Gd) and green‐ emitting NBD fluorophores within pH‐responsive cores are fabricated, which can serve as a dual‐modality MR/fluorescence imaging system and exhibit mildly acidic pH‐triggered turn‐on or enhancement of signal intensities for both imaging modalities. Compared to non‐crosslinked diblock precursor, CCL micelles demonstrate better MR and fluorescence imaging performance due to structural stability and integrity endowed by the core cross‐linking procedure. Furthermore, selective enhancement of MR/fluorescence imaging signal intensities of the dual‐modality imaging system can also be actuated under specific intracellular microenvironments such as mildly acidic organelles.magnified image
Biodegradation of Polyhydroxyalkanoate Films in Natural Environments
Authors: Boyandin Anatoly N. , Rudnev Valentin P. , Ivonin Vladimir N. , Prudnikova Svetlana V. , Korobikhina Ksenia I. , Filipenko Maxim L. , Volova Tatiana G. , Sinskey Anthony J. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractSummary: Biodegradation of film specimens from polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) of two types – poly‐3‐hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and poly‐3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) – was analysed in different environments: tropical sea waters of the South China Sea (Nha Trang, Vietnam) and soils in the environs of Hanoi (Vietnam), Nha Trang (Vietnam) and Krasnoyarsk (Siberia, Russia). In seawater, the mass loss of the specimens of both types was almost equal. However, in tropical soils, PHB degraded quicker than PHBV. In the Siberian soil, the degradation rate of the PHBV was generally higher than that of PHBV. Analysis of molecular mass of PHA specimens showed its decreasing during biodegradation. In the tropical sea conditions, PHA degrading microorganisms were represented by bacteria of Enterobacter, Bacillus and Gracilibacillus genera. Among PHA degrading bacteria, Burkholderia, Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Mycobacterium and Streptomyces genera were identified in Vietnamese soils, and Variovorax, Stenotrophomonas, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Xanthomonas genera in Siberian soils. Micromycetes of Gongronella, Paecilomyces, Penicillium and Trichoderma genera exhibited PHA degrading activity in Vietnamese soils, and Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Acremonium, Verticillium and Zygosporium genera – in Siberian soils.
The Importance of Recycling in Solid Waste Management
Authors: Kassim Salha Mohammed 
Published: November 2012

AbstractSummary: This paper discusses the importance of recycling in Solid waste Management. Cities in the world are rapidly urbanising and rapid population increase, As world population grows so does the solid waste generation increases as well. This resulted in a relatively large quantity of solid waste remaining poorly managed and challenge to the society, Today society is more concerned about the environment and is much more aware about its activities and the impact resulting from these activities on the environment. Society demands that waste management must be sustainable. The proper management of solid waste needs appropriate technology, which is economically affordable, socially accepted and environmentally friendly. The paper deals with the idea of recycling as a means of solid waste treatment and explores whether such an approach is commendable or not. The purpose of presenting this paper is to share experience with other countries on the needs and importance of the recycling.