bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Historical Approaches to Media Studies
Authors: Hampton Mark 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn recent decades, media history has become increasingly prominent, with scholarship emerging from a wide variety of disciplines. This chapter examines the methodological issues involved in conducting historical research in media studies. Using Adrian Bingham'sFamily Newspapers?and Laura Beers'sYour Britainas case studies, it explains such topics as historical context, locating primary sources, and the production and reception of media texts. In addition, it outlines the wide variety of historical approaches that can be employed, including textual analysis, policy history, institutional history, and biography.
The Methodology of Online News Analysis
Authors: Sjøvaag Helle , Stavelin Eirik 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThis chapter describes a new method for analyzing online news employing both human and computer coding and based on a triangulation of qualitative and quantitative measures. The chapter illustrates how the method was used to perform a content analysis of the full online news output of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK) for the year 2009 (n = 74430). It explains how the approach was developed, describes the problems we encountered along the way, and provides a rationale for further use of the method. We conclude that our work demonstrates that methodologies designed for measuring broadcast news do not suffice in the ephemeral online news environment. Thus, online research methods need to be redesigned to account for medium‐specific news features on the Internet.
Clicks and Bricks
Authors: Spina‐Caza Lillian C. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe study of virtual play activity as it unfolds on the Internet, in video games, and with mobile technology use, is still in its nascent stages and is in and of itself experimental by nature. Thus, it is important that researchers begin to think about, question, and test new research methods – or extend traditional methods – for the purposes of understanding the effects new media are likely to have on human development. This chapter discusses two early observation studies of Internet and video game play that inspired a third, multimethod field experiment aimed at contributing a theoretical model for exploring the effects of moving activity from physical to virtual environments. All three provide strategies and methods for how the study of new media technology might benefit from a more elaborate research design.
Exploring the Effects ofTVand Movie Music on Childhood
Authors: Porta Amparo 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn recent years the relations between childhood and the mass media have been the subject of an increasing number of studies conducted by researchers from the fields of communication and education. Their link with cultural diversity, heritage, habitat, and identity has made them the focus of psychological, multicultural, and critical pedagogic studies. The aim of this chapter is to determine how childhood is affected by one of the poles of the audiovisual binomial, namely, the music present in movies and television, which is included as their soundtrack. The article explores several descriptive paths from a semiotic approach, analyzing both the contents and the music in order to answer two questions: What is listened to in children's TV programs and movies? And what is that music like? Finally, some soundtracks are examined with the aim of discovering the effects of this everyday music that, through movies and TV, speaks to the child about the Other and his or her cultural dominance and values.
Latino Diasporas and the Media
Authors: Retis Jéssica 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
This chapter analyzes the challenges and opportunities encountered when applying a transnationalism approach to the analysis and understanding of international migration contexts. Critical perspectives such as the political economy of the media, cultural studies, urban studies, and media practices in everyday life are useful approaches to incorporate in an interdisciplinary understanding of Latino diasporas and the media. Findings from a variety of research projects on media production, distribution, and consumption indicate that these performances are influenced by diverse variables such as the stage of immigration processes, generational and new technologies gaps, and social environments in the city of origin and destiny. Communication and information practices are transformed and reconstructed in the vicinity of Latino diasporas. The conjunction of quantitative and qualitative methods facilitates a better understanding of these complex social processes.
Discordance of Global Estimates by Patients and Their Physicians in Usual Care of Many Rheumatic Diseases: Association With 5 Scores on a Multidimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire (MDHAQ) That Are Not Found on the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ)
Authors: Castrejón Isabel , Yazici Yusuf , Samuels Jonathan , Luta George , Pincus Theodore 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveTo analyze discordance between global estimates by patients (PATGL) and their physicians (DOCGL) according to demographic and self‐report variables on a Multidimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire (MDHAQ) in patients with many rheumatic diseases seen in usual care.MethodsEach patient completed an MDHAQ at each visit, which includes scores for physical function, pain, and PATGL, each found on the traditional Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), and scores for sleep quality, anxiety, depression, self‐report joint count, and fatigue, which are not found on the HAQ. A random visit of 980 patients with any rheumatic diagnosis was analyzed in 3 categories: PATGL=DOCGL (within 2 of 10 units), PATGL>DOCGL (by ≥2 of 10 units), and DOCGL>PATGL (by ≥2 of 10 units), using descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression models.ResultsPatients included 145 with rheumatoid arthritis, 57 with systemic lupus erythematosus, 173 with osteoarthritis, 348 with other inflammatory diseases, and 257 with other noninflammatory diseases. Overall, PATGL=DOCGL in 509 (52%), PATGL>DOCGL in 371 (38%), and DOCGL>PATGL in 100 (10%). PATGL>DOCGL was associated significantly with older age, female sex, low formal education, Hispanic ethnicity, not working, high MDHAQ physical function and pain scores, and high scores for fatigue, poor sleep, anxiety, depression, and self‐report joint count, which are not available on the HAQ. Pain and fatigue were significant in a final multinomial logistic regression; the other variables may raise awareness of discordance to clinicians.ConclusionGlobal estimates of patients indicated significantly poorer status than estimates of their physicians in 38% of 980 patients with rheumatic conditions, and were associated with demographic and MDHAQ scores, 5 of which are not available on the HAQ.
Guest‐Adaptable and Water‐Stable Peptide‐Based Porous Materials by Imidazolate Side Chain Control
Authors: Katsoulidis Alexandros P. , Park Kyo Sung , Antypov Dmytro , Martí‐Gastaldo Carlos , Miller Gary J. , Warren John E. , Robertson Craig M. , Blanc Frédéric , Darling George R. , Berry Neil G. , Purton John A. , Adams Dave J. , Rosseinsky Matthew J. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe peptide‐based porous 3D framework, ZnCar, has been synthesized from Zn2+ and the natural dipeptide carnosine (β‐alanyl‐L‐histidine). Unlike previous extended peptide networks, the imidazole side chain of the histidine residue is deprotonated to afford Zn–imidazolate chains, with bonding similar to the zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) family of porous materials. ZnCar exhibits permanent microporosity with a surface area of 448 m2 g−1, and its pores are 1D channels with 5 Å openings and a characteristic chiral shape. This compound is chemically stable in organic solvents and water. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the ZnCar framework adapts to MeOH and H2O guests because of the torsional flexibility of the main His‐β‐Ala chain, while retaining the rigidity conferred by the Zn–imidazolate chains. The conformation adopted by carnosine is driven by the H bonds formed both to other dipeptides and to the guests, permitting the observed structural transformations.
Stereoselektive Synthese siliciumstereogener Aminomethoxysilane: ein einfacher Zugang zu hoch enantiomerenangereicherten Siloxanen
Authors: Bauer Jonathan O. , Strohmann Carsten 
Published: December 2013

AbstractEine Route zur Synthese N,O‐funktionalisierter siliciumstereogener Organosilane mit sehr guten optischen Reinheiten wurde entwickelt. Untersuchungen zur Stereokonvergenz und Konfigurationsstabilität eines Aminomethoxysilans lassen auf einen mehrstufigen, kinetisch kontrollierten Substitutionsmechanismus schließen. Der selektive Austausch der Si‐N‐ gegen eine zweite Si‐O‐Bindung bildet die Grundlage für den kontrollierten Aufbau chiraler Siloxaneinheiten mit unterschiedlichen Sauerstofffunktionen. Folgereaktionen der chiralen Aminomethoxysilane mit Hydroxygruppen stützen einen allgemeingültigen Inversionsmechanismus am asymmetrisch substituierten Siliciumatom N,O‐funktionalisierter Organosilane.
Probing Distance‐Dependent Plasmon‐Enhanced Near‐Infrared Fluorescence Using Polyelectrolyte Multilayers as Dielectric Spacers
Authors: Gandra Naveen , Portz Christopher , Tian Limei , Tang Rui , Xu Baogang , Achilefu Samuel , Singamaneni Srikanth 
Published: December 2013

AbstractOwing to their applications in biodetection and molecular bioimaging, near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent dyes are being extensively investigated. Most of the existing NIR dyes exhibit poor quantum yield, which hinders their translation to preclinical and clinical settings. Plasmonic nanostructures are known to act as tiny antennae for efficiently focusing the electromagnetic field into nanoscale volumes. The fluorescence emission from NIR dyes can be enhanced by more than thousand times by precisely placing them in proximity to gold nanorods. We have employed polyelectrolyte multilayers fabricated using layer‐by‐layer assembly as dielectric spacers for precisely tuning the distance between gold nanorods and NIR dyes. The aspect ratio of the gold nanorods was tuned to match the longitudinal localized surface plasmon resonance wavelength with the absorption maximum of the NIR dye to maximize the plasmonically enhanced fluorescence. The design criteria derived from this study lays the groundwork for ultrabright fluorescence bullets for in vitro and in vivo molecular bioimaging.
Selective Hydrosilation of CO2 to a Bis(silylacetal) Using an Anilido Bipyridyl‐Ligated Organoscandium Catalyst
Authors: LeBlanc Francis A. , Piers Warren E. , Parvez Masood 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA rigid anilido bipyridyl ligand has been designed for use in an organoscandium‐based carbon dioxide hydrosilation catalyst. Ligand attachment by alkane elimination results in metalation of an aryl CH bond in a 3,5‐di‐tert‐butylphenyl group installed on the pyridyl unit, thus rendering the ligand tetradentate. Insertion of CO2 into the newly formed ScC bond leads to a κ1 carboxylate which, when treated with the borane B(C6F5)3, becomes hemilabile. In addition to activating the catalyst, the k1 carboxylate effectively sequesters free B(C6F5)3 and the ensemble is able to effectively hydrosilate CO2, in the presence of excess Et3SiH, almost exclusively to R3SiOCH2OSiR3. A maximum turnover number of about 3400 (conversion of silane) is observed. Mechanistic experiments suggest that the sequestration of free B(C6F5)3 by the hemilabile carboxylate contributes to the selectivity observed and prevents over reduction to methane.
Highly Luminescent Thin Films of the Dense Framework 3∞[EuIm2] with Switchable Transparency Formed by Scanning Femtosecond‐Pulse Laser Deposition
Authors: Fischer Dieter , Meyer Larissa V. , Jansen Martin , Müller‐Buschbaum Klaus 
Published: December 2013

AbstractHighly luminescent switchable thin films of the dense framework 3∞[EuIm2] were deposited by a scanning laser ablation technique using a femtosecond laser. The films can be controlled in terms of film thickness and amount of material deposited such that the material properties of the bulk material are retained on the nanometer scale. Polycrystalline films are formed that can be switched between transparent at visible light and nontransparent at UV light due to the intrinsic luminescence of the hybrid material, expanding the concept of smart films. The new femtosecond pulsed laser deposition method also provides a novel approach for coatings with framework compounds and coordination polymers.
Analysis of polyolefin compositions through near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Padilha Liana Franco , Ferreira Cristine Carretoni , Machado Fabricio , Nele Márcio , Pinto José Carlos 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTIn this work, NIRS is employed to provide compositions of α‐olefin copolymers, allowing for evaluation of the effects of certain key process variables on the final NIR spectral responses of obtained polymer materials. This work also introduces a new temperature programmed analytical technique, which combines NIRS measurements with partial fractionation of α‐olefin copolymers. The new proposed technique can be used for evaluation of polyolefin compositions, as presented here for poly(propene/1‐butene) copolymers. Besides, preliminary results obtained from thermal fractionation experiments indicate that this new proposed experimental technique can be employed for characterization of comonomer sequence distributions of α‐olefin copolymers. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40127.
Metal‐ion‐containing ionic liquid hydrogels and their application to hydrogen production
Authors: Sahiner Nurettin , Alpaslan Duygu 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA cationic hydrogel synthesized from (3‐acrylamidopropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride as poly[(3‐acrylamidopropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride] [p(APTMACl)] was put into contact with the chloride salts of metals such as CoCl2, NiCl2, and CuCl2 in ethanol. The metal‐loaded p(APTMACl) hydrogels were used as catalyst systems in hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and ammonia borane. The activation energy values for the hydrolysis reaction were calculated for all of the catalyst systems and were found to be 53.43 and 26.74 kJ/mol for p(APTMACl)–[CoCl4]2− and p(APTMACl)–[NiCl4]2−, respectively. These activation parameters were better than values reported in the literature for the ionic liquid metal complexes of smaller molecules used for the same purpose. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40183.
Flame retardant and mechanical properties of epoxy composites containing APP−PSt core−shell microspheres
Authors: Zhao ChunXia , Li YunTao , Xing YunLiang , He Da , Yue Jie 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTAmmonium polyphosphate (APP)–polystyrene (PSt) core–shell microspheres (CSPs) were synthesized via in situ radical polymerization. The core–shell structure was confirmed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results of optical contact angle measurements demonstrated a significant improvement in hydrophobicity of the modified APP. The obtained APP–PSt CSPs were added into epoxy (EP) system with various loadings. Effects of CSP on flame retardancy, thermal properties, heat release rate (HRR), smoke production, and mechanical properties of EP/CSP composites were investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL‐94 tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), cone calorimeter, and tensile test. LOI and UL‐94 indicated that CSP remarkably improved the flame retardancy of EP composites. TGA showed that the initial decomposition temperature and the maximum‐rate decomposition temperature decreased, whereas residue yields at high temperature increased with the incorporation of microspheres. Cone calorimetry gave evidence that HRR, peak release rate, average HRR, and smoke production rate of EP/CSP composites decreased significantly. The morphology of char residues suggested that CSP could effectively promote EP to form high‐quality char layer with compact outer surface and swollen inner structure. Tensile strength of EP was enhanced with the addition of CSP. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40218.
Two Organic–Inorganic Hybrid 3D {P5W30}‐Based Heteropolyoxotungstates with Transition‐Metal/Ln–Carboxylate–Ln Connectors
Authors: Li Yan‐Ying , Zhao Jun‐Wei , Wei Qi , Yang Bai‐Feng , He Huan , Yang Guo‐Yu 
Published: December 2013

AbstractTwo unique organic–inorganic hybrid polyoxometalates constructed from Preyssler‐type [Na(H2O)P5W30O110]14− ({P5W30}) subunits and TM/Ln–carboxylate–Ln connectors (TM=transition metal, Ln=lanthanide), KNa7[{Sm6Mn(μ‐H2O)2(OCH2COO)7(H2O)18}{Na(H2O)P5W30O110}]⋅22 H2O (1) and K4[{Sm4Cu2(gly)2(ox)(H2O)24}{NaP5W30O110}]Cl2⋅25 H2O (2; gly=glycine, ox=oxalate) have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectra, UV/Vis‐NIR spectra, thermogravimetric analyses, power X‐ray diffraction, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Compound 1 displays one interesting 3D framework built by three types of subunits, {P5W30}, [Sm2Mn(μ‐H2O)2(OCH2COO)2(H2O)5]4+, and [Sm4(OCH2COO)5 (H2O)13]2+, whereas 2 also manifests the other intriguing 3D architecture created by three types of subunits, {P5W30}, [SmCu(gly)(H2O)8]4+, and [Sm2(ox)(H2O)8]4+. To our knowledge, 1 and 2 are the first 3D frameworks that contain {P5W30} units and TM/Ln–carboxylate–Ln connectors. The fluorescent properties of 1 and 2 have been investigated.
Stochastic Optimal Design for Unknown Linear Discrete‐Time System Zero‐Sum Games in Input‐Output form Under Communication Constraints
Authors: Xu Hao , Jagannathan S. , Lewis F.L. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn this paper, stochastic optimal strategy for unknown linear discrete‐time system quadratic zero‐sum games in input‐output form with communication imperfections such as network‐induced delays and packet losses, otherwise referred to as networked control system (NCS) zero‐sum games, relating to theH∞optimal control problem is solved in a forward‐in‐time manner. First, the linear discrete‐time zero sum state space representation is transformed into a linearNCSin the state space form after incorporating random delays and packet losses and then into the input‐output form. Subsequently, the stochastic optimal approach, referred to as adaptive dynamic programming (ADP), is introduced which estimates the cost or value function to solve the infinite horizon optimal regulation of unknown linearNCSquadratic zero‐sum games in the presence of communication imperfections. The optimal control and worst case disturbance inputs are derived based on the estimated value function in the absence of state measurements. An update law for tuning the unknown parameters of the value function estimator is derived andLyapunov theory is used to show that all signals are asymptotically stable (AS) and that the estimated control and disturbance signals converge to optimal control and worst case disturbances, respectively. Simulation results are included to verify the theoretical claims.
Vom Halm zum Tragwerk
Authors: Sieder Mike , Rein Alfred , Seise Nick 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDas deutsch‐chinesische Haus, welches das Goethe‐Institut auf der EXPO 2010 in Shanghai unter dem Motto “Deutschland und China – Gemeinsam in Bewegung” repräsentierte, sollte nicht nur Ausstellungsfläche bieten und das Themenspiel “Nachhaltige Urbanisation” beherbergen, sondern auch für Konferenzen eingerichtet und zudem variabel bespielbar sein. Um diese Anforderungen mit der zugewiesenen Grundfläche auf dem EXPO‐Gelände übereinzubringen, schuf der Künstler Markus Heinsdorff, dem die künstlerische und gestalterische Gesamtplanung oblag und der bereits in der Vergangenheit mit verschiedenen Bambusprojekten auf sich aufmerksam machte, erstmals ein zweigeschossiges Gebäude aus Bambus – einen Pavillon mit einem innen frei begehbaren Obergeschoss.Das Design des Pavillons beinhaltet Stilelemente und Hightech aus beiden Kulturen. Dach, Fassaden und Innenraumstützen sind wie Bambusfächer oder Schirme analog zu Papierfalttechniken entworfen. Das Obergeschoss in 4 m Höhe ist über eine Stahltreppe mit geflochtener Tragsäule erreichbar. Hier befindet sich ein 80 m2 großer Lounge‐Konferenzraum. Die Einrichtung besteht aus eigens entworfenen Bambusmöbeln. An beiden Enden des Baukörpers ergibt sich ein Freiraum mit einer Deckenhöhe von acht Metern.From stalk to structure – Bamboo pavilion EXPO Shanghai 2010 – A German‐Chinese cooperationThe pavilion “German‐Chinese House”, that represented the Goethe‐Institute on the EXPO 2010 in Shanghai, should provide an exhibition area for the theme of sustainable urbanization and an area for conferences on one side but also a flexible use on the other side. In order to perform this requirements with the assigned building area on the EXPO, the designer Markus Heinsdorff, which has created several Bamboo projects before, designed a two‐storey pavilion with a fully walk‐through top floor. The design of the pavilion contains stylistic elements and high‐tech from both cultures. The roof, the façade and the columns are designed like Bamboo fans or umbrellas similar to the art of paper folding. The top floor in a level of 4 m can be getatable by a steely staircase with a woven column. A conference‐lounge of 80 m2 meter is situated there. The integrated furnishing is made of Bamboo too.
Leichtbau – eine Forderung unserer Zeit
Authors: Schlaich Jörg 
Published: December 2013

AbstractMeilensteine der Bautechnikgeschichte:Historischer Aufsatz von Fritz Leonhardt: Leichtbau – eine Forderung unserer Zeit. Anregungen für den Hoch‐ und Brückenbaumit einem Kommentar von J. Schlaich