bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concomitant tricuspid valve surgery in patients with significant tricuspid regurgitation undergoing left ventricular assist device implantation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hwang Bridget , Doyle Mathew , Williams Michael L. , Joshi Yashutosh , Iyer Arjun , Watson Alasdair , Jansz Paul , Hayward Chris 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundSignificant tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a predictor of right heart failure (RHF) and increased mortality following left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, however the benefit of tricuspid valve surgery (TVS) at the time of LVAD implantation remains unclear. This study compares early and late mortality and RHF outcomes in patients with significant TR undergoing LVAD implantation with and without concomitant TVS.MethodsA systematic search of four electronic databases was conducted for studies comparing patients with moderate or severe TR undergoing LVAD implantation with or without concomitant TVS. Meta‐analysis was performed for primary outcomes of early and late mortality and RHF. Secondary outcomes included rate of stroke, renal failure, hospital and ICU length of stay. An overall survival curve was constructed using aggregated, reconstructed individual patient data from Kaplan–Meier (KM) curves.ResultsNine studies included 575 patients that underwent isolated LVAD and 308 patients whom received concomitant TVS. Both groups had similar rates of severe TR (46.5% vs. 45.6%). There was no significant difference seen in risk of early mortality (RR 0.90; 95% CI, 0.57–1.42; p = 0.64; I2 = 0%) or early RHF (RR 0.82; 95% CI, 0.66–1.19; p = 0.41; I2 = 57) and late outcomes remained comparable between both groups. The aggregated KM curve showed isolated LVAD to be associated with overall increased survival (HR 1.42; 95% CI, 1.05–1.93; p = 0.023).ConclusionsUndergoing concomitant TVS did not display increased benefit in terms of early or late mortality and RHF in patients with preoperative significant TR. Further data to evaluate the benefit of concomitant TVS stratified by TR severity or by other predictors of RHF will be beneficial.
Fun, flirtation and fear: Selfies in teenage girls digital exchange cultures
Authors: Janak Raksha , Bhana Deevia , Reddy Valerie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper explores teenage girls' engagement with digital images on social media. Using new feminist materialism, we foreground digital images as an assemblage of materialities (human and more‐than‐human) filled with affective potentials that materialise in/capacities. Drawing from interviews and focus group discussions, we show how the production and sharing of selfies through posting and sexting unlocked new ‘becomings’ through expressions of heterosexual desirability and pleasure but also generated fear through sexual objectification, sexual double standards and harassment. A recognition of digital images as materially embodied through which unequal gender power relations materialise is vital to addressing online sexual risk.
Trueness and fit of complete‐arch implant‐supported frameworks in new‐generation additively and subtractively manufactured polymers: An in‐vitro study
Authors: Yilmaz Burak , Donmez Mustafa Borga , Güven Mehmet Esad , Jamjoom Faris Z. , Kahveci Çiğdem , Schimmel Martin , Çakmak Gülce 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is limited knowledge on the fabrication trueness and fit of additively or subtractively manufactured complete‐arch implant‐supported frameworks in recently introduced polymers.PurposeTo evaluate the trueness and marginal fit of additively or subtractively manufactured polymer‐based complete‐arch implant‐supported frameworks, comparing with those of strength gradient zirconia frameworks.Materials and MethodsA typodont model with 4 implants (left first molar (abutment 1), left canine (abutment 2), right canine (abutment 3), and right first molar (abutment 4)) was digitized (ATOS Core 80 5MP) and an implant‐supported complete‐arch framework was designed. This design file was used to fabricate frameworks from 5 different materials: strength gradient zirconia (SM‐ZR), high impact polymer composite (SM‐CR), nanographene‐reinforced PMMA (SM‐GR), PMMA (SM‐PM), and additively manufactured temporary resin (AM) (n = 10). These frameworks were digitized and each scan file was virtually segmented into 4 regions (abutments, occlusal, overall without occlusal, and overall). The surface deviations at these regions, and linear and interimplant distance deviations were evaluated (Geomagic Control X). Marginal gaps were evaluated according to triple‐scan protocol after seating frameworks on the model with the 1‐screw test. Data were statistically analyzed (α = 0.05).ResultsSurface deviations of all regions differed among tested materials (p ≤ 0.001). AM frameworks mostly had surface deviations that were similar to or lower than those of other materials (p ≤ 0.031), except for the occlusal surface, where it mostly had higher deviations (p ≤ 0.013). Abutment 4 of SM‐CR had higher linear deviations than abutment 2 (p = 0.025), and material type did not affect the linear deviations within abutments (p ≥ 0.171). Interimplant distance deviations differed within and among materials (p ≤ 0.017), except for those between abutments 1 and 2 among materials (p = 0.387). Marginal gaps of subtractively manufactured materials differed among abutments, while those of abutments 3 and 4 differed among materials (p ≤ 0.003). AM frameworks mostly had lower marginal gaps at abutments 3 and 4 (p ≤ 0.048).ConclusionsAlthough there was no clear trend among tested materials for measured deviations, marginal gaps of additively manufactured resin were mostly lower than those of subtractively manufactured materials and did not differ among abutment sites. Nevertheless, the differences in measured deviations among materials were small and marginal gaps were within the previously reported acceptability thresholds.
Performance of protected areas in conserving African elephants
Authors: Correa Roberto J. , Lindsey Peter A. , Critchlow Rob , Beale Colin M. , Geldmann Jonas , Plumptre Andrew J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractProtected areas have been gazetted to protect natural resources and biodiversity, but evaluations of effectiveness rarely include measures of species population change. We compiled annual site‐level spending and elephant population data for 102 protected areas conserving either savannah (Loxodonta africana) or forest (Loxodonta cyclotis) elephants, which showed a median annual population decline of −0.78% across the protected areas. Site‐level population change was strongly associated with funding and government effectiveness. Annual funding deficits occurred in 78% of the protected areas, and when comparing necessary levels of annual spend to stabilize elephant populations, we estimate a US$1.5 billion annual funding deficit across all the protected areas. While financial investment can improve elephant conservation outcomes, there is still a need to identify where and how to best finance elephant poaching interventions, requiring a global commitment to improve the socioeconomic impacts of protected areas on local communities and reduce ivory demand.
Primary cutaneous EBV+ extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphoma of gamma/delta T‐cell lineage in the posttransplantation setting
Authors: Williams Jessica F. , Lucas Fabienne M. , Carrasco Ruben D. , Lovitch Scott B. , Fisher David C. , Kupper Thomas S. , Sadigh Sam 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPosttransplantation primary cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas (PT‐CTCL) are a rare complication of sustained immunosuppression in the posttransplant setting. When present, PT‐CTCLs are typically EBV− and exhibit features of mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome or CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders. We present a case of a 75‐year‐old individual who developed skin lesions 30 years after liver transplantation. Pathologic evaluation of the skin biopsy revealed involvement by a clonal, EBV+ T‐cell population of gamma/delta lineage with no evidence of systemic disease. Comprehensive genomic profiling was performed, confirming focal one‐copy loss of 6q23.3, altogether consistent with the extremely rare and unusual diagnosis of primary cutaneous EBV+ extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphoma of gamma/delta T‐cell lineage in the posttransplantation setting.
Management of diabetes‐related hyperglycaemic emergencies in advanced chronic kidney disease: Review of the literature and recommendations
Authors: Stathi Dimitra , Dhatariya Ketan K. , Mustafa Omar G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsDespite the substantial progress in the management of diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains one of the most common complications. Although uncommon, diabetic emergencies [diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (HHS)] can still occur in stage 4 and 5 CKD, at times with less typical clinical manifestations due to the altered pathophysiology, presence of chronic metabolic acidosis and effect of haemodialysis on glycaemic control and metabolic parameters. The purpose of this article is to review the current literature and provide recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of DKA, euglycaemic DKA and HHS in people with advanced CKD.Methods and ResultsGuidance on the management of diabetes‐related emergencies mainly focuses on individuals with preserved renal function or early‐stage CKD. Existing literature is limited, and recommendations are based on expert opinions and case reports. Given the clinical need for amended guidelines for this population, we are proposing a management algorithm for DKA and HHS based on clinical and metabolic parameters.ConclusionsIn this review article, we propose treatment algorithms for diabetes‐related hyperglycaemic emergencies in people with advanced CKD. Further research is needed to validate our proposed algorithms.
The interaction between the import carrier Hikeshi and HSP70 is modulated by heat, facilitating the nuclear import of HSP70 under heat stress conditions
Authors: Kose Shingo , Yoshioka Sakie , Ogawa Yutaka , Watanabe Ai , Imamoto Naoko 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHeat stress strongly triggers the nuclear localization of the molecular chaperone HSP70. Hikeshi functions as a unique nuclear import carrier of HSP70. However, how the nuclear import of HSP70 is activated in response to heat stress remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of heat on the nuclear import of HSP70. In vitro transport assays revealed that pretreatment of the test samples with heat facilitated the nuclear import of HSP70. Furthermore, binding of Hikeshi to HSP70 increased when temperatures rose. These results indicated that heat is one of the factors that activates the nuclear import of HSP70. Previous studies showed that the F97A mutation in Hikeshi in an extended loop induced an opening in the hydrophobic pocket and facilitated the translocation of Hikeshi through the nuclear pore complex. We found that nuclear accumulation of HSP70 occurred at a lower temperature in cells expressing the Hikeshi‐F97A mutant than in cells expressing wild‐type Hikeshi. Collectively, our results show that the movement of the extended loop may play an important role in the interaction of Hikeshi with both FG (phenylalanine‐glycine)‐nucleoporins and HSP70 in a temperature‐dependent manner, resulting in the activation of nuclear import of HSP70 in response to heat stress.
Moving towards Normalization of haemostasis and health equity: Evolving treatment goals for haemophilia A
Authors: Holme Pål André , Blatný Jan , Chowdary Pratima , Lassila Riitta , O'Connell Niamh , Hermans Cédric , Álvarez Román María Teresa , Négrier Claude , Coppola Antonio , Oldenburg Johannes 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundTreatment options for people with haemophilia are evolving at a rapid pace and a range of prophylactic treatment options using various technologies are currently available, each with their own distinct safety and efficacy profile.Treatment goalsThe access to replacement therapy and prophylaxis has driven a dramatic reduction in mortality and resultant increase in life expectancy. Beyond this, the abolition of bleeds and preservation of joint health represent the expected, but rarely attained, goals of haemophilia treatment and care. These outcomes also do not address the complexity of health‐related quality of life impacted by haemophilia and its treatment.ConclusionCapitalizing on the major potential of therapeutic innovations, ‘Normalization’ of haemostasis, as a concept, should include the aspiration of enabling individuals to live as normal a life as possible, free from haemophilia‐imposed limitations. To achieve this—being supported by the data reviewed in this manuscript—the concept of haemostatic and life Normalization needs to be explored and debated within the wider multidisciplinary teams and haemophilia community.
A clinical practice guideline for primary care physiotherapy in patients with haemophilia
Authors: Blokzijl Johan , Pisters Martijn F. , Aspdahl Magnus , de Boer Wypke , Dybvik Matlary Ruth Elise , Douma‐van Riet Danielle , de Kleijn Piet , Lobet Sébastien , Loughnane Paula , McLaughlin Paul , Bladen Melanie , Roche Sheila , Stephensen David , van Vlimmeren Leo , van Vulpen Lize F. D. , Timmer Merel A. ,   the EAHAD physiotherapy committee
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionAs a result of centralisation of haemophilia care to a limited number of intramural settings, many persons with haemophilia have to travel long distances to attend their haemophilia specialised treatment centre. However, regular physiotherapy treatment can be provided by primary care physiotherapists in the personʼs own region. Due to the rarity of the disease most primary care physiotherapists have limited experience with this population. This study aims to provide a clinical practice guideline for primary care physiotherapists working with persons with bleeding disorders.MethodA list of the most urgent key‐questions was derived from a previous study. Literature was summarised using the grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) evidence‐to‐decision framework. Recommendations were drafted based on four 90 min consensus meetings with expert physiotherapists. Recommendations were finalised after feedback and >80% consensus of all stakeholders (including PWH, physiotherapists, haematologists and the corresponding societies).ResultsA list of 82 recommendations was formulated to support primary care physiotherapists when treating a person with a bleeding disorder. These recommendations could be divided into 13 categories: two including recommendations on organisation of care, six on therapy for adult patients with bleeding disorders and five on therapy adaptations for paediatric care. Therapy recommendations included treatment after a joint‐ or muscle bleed, haemophilic arthropathy, chronic synovitis, non‐haemophilia related conditions and orthopaedic surgery.ConclusionAn evidence‐based practice guideline, based on current evidence from literature and clinical expertise, has been developed for primary care physiotherapists treating a person with haemophilia. To improve care, the recommendations should be implemented in daily practice.
Combining treat‐to‐target principles and shared decision‐making: International expert consensus‐based recommendations with a novel concept for minimal disease activity criteria in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Silverberg Jonathan I. , Gooderham Melinda , Katoh Norito , Aoki Valeria , Pink Andrew E. , Binamer Yousef , Rademaker Marius , Fomina Daria , Gutermuth Jan , Ahn Jiyoung , Valenzuela Fernando , Ameen Mahreen , Steinhoff Martin , Kirchhof Mark G. , Lio Peter , Wollenberg Andreas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundCurrent treat‐to‐target recommendations for atopic dermatitis (AD) may not include high enough treatment targets and do not fully consider patient needs.ObjectiveTo develop recommendations for optimized AD management, including disease severity assessments, treatment goals and targets, and guidance for treatment escalation/modification.MethodsAn international group of expert dermatologists drafted a series of recommendations for AD management using insights from a global patient study and 87 expert dermatologists from 44 countries. Experts voted on recommendations using a modified eDelphi voting process.ResultsThe Aiming High in Eczema/Atopic Dermatitis (AHEAD) recommendations establish a novel approach to AD management, incorporating shared decision‐making and a concept for minimal disease activity (MDA). Consensus (≥70% agreement) was reached for all recommendations in 1 round of voting; strong consensus (≥90% agreement) was reached for 30/34 recommendations. In the AHEAD approach, patients select their most troublesome AD feature(s); the clinician chooses a corresponding patient‐reported severity measure and objective severity measure. Treatment targets are chosen from a list of ‘moderate’ and ‘optimal’ targets, with achievement of ‘optimal’ targets defined as MDA.ConclusionsPatient and expert insights led to the development of AHEAD recommendations, which establish a novel approach to AD management. Patients were not involved in the eDelphi voting process used to generate consensus on each recommendation. However, patient perspectives were captured in a global, qualitative patient research study that was considered by the experts in their initial drafting of the recommendations.
Circular strategies for building sector decarbonization in China: A scenario analysis
Authors: Mastrucci Alessio , Guo Fei , Zhong Xiaoyang , Maczek Florian , van Ruijven Bas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe building sector in China is responsible for 40% of total energy‐related CO2 emissions, driven by its large population, continuous economic growth, and construction boom. In addition to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from energy use, buildings drive significant emissions for construction activities and production of energy‐intensive materials, such as steel and cement. While supply‐side energy strategies have been extensively explored, a demand‐side perspective that considers stock dynamics and circularity improvements is essential to assess sustainable pathways for the buildings sector. Here, we explore a set of decarbonization scenarios for the building sector in China considering a range of circular strategies and their interplay with different climate policies. The strategies include lifetime extension of buildings, switch to wood‐based construction, reduction of per‐capita floorspace, and a combination of all three strategies. We use the building sector model MESSAGEix‐Buildings soft linked to the integrated assessment model (IAM) MESSAGEix‐GLOBIOM and prospective life cycle assessment (LCA) to assess the effects of these circular strategies on building material and energy demands, and operational and embodied emissions. We find that the three strategies could reduce building material demand up to 60% on mass basis by 2060 compared to a reference scenario with continuation of current policies. This translates into a reduction of embodied and total GHG emissions of 62% and 24%, respectively, significantly contributing to achieving decarbonization targets. Integrating industrial ecology methods in IAMs, as demonstrated in this study, can provide valuable insights to inform national policy decisions on mitigation strategies accounting for both demand and supply sides.
Expression of novel androgen receptors in three GnRH neuron subtypes in the cichlid brain
Authors: Dussenne Mélanie , Alward Beau A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn teleosts, GnRH1 neurons stand at the apex of the Hypothalamo‐Pituitary‐Gonadal (HPG) axis, which is responsible for the production of sex steroids by the gonads (notably, androgens). To exert their actions, androgens need to bind to their specific receptors, called androgen receptors (ARs). Due to a teleost‐specific whole genome duplication, A. burtoni possess two AR paralogs (ARα and ARβ) that are encoded by two different genes, ar1 and ar2, respectively. In A. burtoni, males stratify along dominance hierarchies, in which an individuals' social status determines its physiology and behavior. GnRH1 neurons have been strongly linked with dominance and circulating androgen levels. Similarly, GnRH3 neurons are implicated in the display of male specific behaviors. Some studies have shown that these GnRH neurons are responsive to fluctuations in circulating androgens levels, suggesting a link between GnRH neurons and ARs. While female A. burtoni do not naturally form a social hierarchy, their reproductive state is positively correlated to androgen levels and GnRH1 neuron size. Although there are reports related to the expression of ar genes in GnRH neurons in cichlid species, the expression of each ar gene remains inconclusive due to technical limitations. Here, we used immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization chain reaction (HCR), and spatial transcriptomics to investigate ar1 and ar2 expression specifically in GnRH neurons. We find that all GnRH1 neurons intensely express ar1 but only a few of them express ar2, suggesting the presence of genetically‐distinct GnRH1 subtypes. Very few ar1 and ar2 transcripts were found in GnRH2 neurons. GnRH3 neurons were found to express both ar genes. The presence of distinct ar genes within GnRH neuron subtypes, most clearly observed for GnRH1 neurons, suggests differential control of these neurons by androgenic signaling. These findings provide valuable insight for future studies aimed at disentangling the androgenic control of GnRH neuron plasticity and reproductive plasticity across teleosts.
Efficacy and safety of eculizumab in Guillain‐Barré syndrome: A phase 3, multicenter, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical trial
Authors: Kuwabara Satoshi , Kusunoki Susumu , Kuwahara Motoi , Yamano Yoshihisa , Nishida Yoichiro , Ishida Hirokazu , Kasuya Tomoyuki , Kupperman Erik , Lin Qun , Frick Glen , Misawa Sonoko 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsGuillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute, self‐limited, immune‐mediated peripheral neuropathy. Current treatments for GBS include intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasma exchange, which may not sufficiently benefit severely affected patients. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of eculizumab add‐on therapy to IVIg (standard‐of‐care treatment) in patients with severe GBS.MethodsThis phase 3, multicenter, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical trial (NCT04752566), enrolled Japanese adults (age ≥ 18 years) with severe GBS (Hughes functional grade [FG] score FG3 or FG4/FG5 within 2 weeks of onset of GBS). Participants were randomized 2:1 to receive intravenous infusion of eculizumab or placebo (once weekly for 4 weeks) with IVIg treatment with 20 weeks of follow‐up. Primary efficacy endpoint was the time to first reach FG score ≤1 (able to run). Key secondary endpoints were proportion of participants achieving FG ≤1 at weeks 8 and 24 and FG improvement ≥3 at week 24. Pharmacodynamic analysis of serum free C5 concentration over time was performed. Safety was evaluated.ResultsThe analysis included 57 participants (eculizumab, n = 37; placebo, n = 20). Primary endpoint was not achieved (hazard ratio, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.45–1.97; p = .89). Key secondary endpoints did not reach statistical significance. Serum C5 concentration was reduced by 99.99% at 1 h postdose and sustained to week 5 but returned to baseline at the end of follow‐up period. No new safety signals for eculizumab were identified.InterpretationAlthough well tolerated, eculizumab treatment did not show significant effects on motor function recovery compared to placebo in patients with GBS.