bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Men's branded underwear: an investigation of factors important to product choice
Authors: Hale Rosanna , Hodges Nancy 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore factors important to the product choice stage of the decision‐making process for the men's branded underwear consumer.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative approach to data collection and interpretation was used. Individual in‐depth interviews were conducted with fifteen participants who had purchased men's branded underwear within six months prior to the study. Eight males and seven females, aged 23‐55, were given a voucher to purchase men's underwear at a designated US department store and asked to bring their purchases to the interview. A semi‐structured interview schedule was followed which posed open‐ended questions about purchasing men's branded underwear in general and specifically with regard to the use of the voucher. Interviews were audio recorded with participant's consent and lasted approximately 45‐60 min.FindingsA thematic interpretation of the interview data led to the development of three emergent thematic areas used to explore issues that surfaced within and across responses. Factors important to participants' decision‐making are discussed relative to their product choices. A typology of consumer profiles was developed from the data based on involvement level, brand loyalty, gender, evaluative criteria and silhouette preference.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations of the study include a focus on perceptions of US consumers located in a large urban area and a focus on the department store channel. Implications of participants' experiences for marketing men's branded underwear are considered.Practical implicationsThis study provides insight into factors important to US consumers when purchasing men's branded underwear.Originality/valueThis paper offers an examination of consumer decision‐making relative to men's branded underwear, an understudied product category. Findings provide an in‐depth understanding of the consumer's perspective, an understanding that is essential to successful product development and brand positioning.
Competitive priorities and supply chain strategy in the fashion industry
Authors: Kim Bowon 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how high‐performing companies in the fashion industry align their supply chain strategy with their competitive priorities.Design/methodology/approachIn order to answer the research question, case study research on four fashion companies most competitive in the global market. The primary sources of information for the case studies were interview data.FindingsBased on in‐depth interviews with top managers at the companies, propositions are reached: the competitive priorities are closely linked with the firm's choice of target market, which in turn determines its supply chain strategy, including both sourcing and channel strategy.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper shows how in‐depth case studies based on interview data about best practices in the fashion industry can contribute to the literature by linking firm's competitive priorities with its supply chain strategy.Practical implicationsThe research outcome enables managers to design their supply chain strategy including sourcing and channel strategy more systematically and effectively so as to be consistent with their competitive priorities.Originality/valueThe research framework is unique in that it combines important concepts and theories in business strategy, outsourcing, and SCM literature. Implications from the in‐depth case studies on best practices in the fashion industry can help managers make a decision on supply chain strategy more effectively.
Her treatment at and around the meeting was deplorable: might safeguarding itself constitute abuse?
Authors: Hewitt David 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report and analyse a recent case, in which the safeguarding procedure adopted by one local authority was criticised by the High Court. It also seeks to identify the key lessons to be learned.Design/methodology/approachThe paper considers the judgment handed down in the case, sets out its key points and seeks to place the proceedings, and the concerns they reveal, in their context.FindingsIn its conduct of one safeguarding enquiry, West Sussex County Council acted unlawfully, in a manner that breached natural justice and a legitimate expectation to which it had itself given rise. The case raises a number of concerns. It is also consistent with a suspicion that some practitioners, and even some judges, have begun to express: that on occasions, the safeguarding process itself might constitute a form of abuse.Originality/valueThis is believed to be the first time the case has been analysed in such detail, and also the first time it has been placed in the context of those concerns.
The role of CSR in clinical governance and its influence on knowledge sharing
Authors: Trong Tuan Luu 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe cumulative cart of data piling through the empirical journey around hospitals in Vietnam provides the clue on whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) influences clinical governance, which in turn catalyzes team processes and knowledge sharing. This paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachStructural equation modeling (SEM) approach served as an analyst for 341 responses returned from self‐administered structured questionnaires sent to 504 hospital members in the middle‐management position.FindingsA model of clinical governance and knowledge sharing evolved along the process of hypothesis testing. Ethical CSR was found to nourish clinical governance in the healthcare service organizations.Originality/valueThe research findings shed light on the CSR‐based model of knowledge sharing which underscores the role of ethical CSR initiatives in the activation of chain effects from clinical governance through team processes to knowledge sharing.
Closing the loop on same day reporting of V/Q scans: utilising speech recognition software
Authors: Rao Nikhil D. , Paramithas Anton , Parthipun Arum 
Published: March 2013

PurposePatients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) must be transferred between one hospital, seven miles away to a trust, for access to the V/Q scanner. The aim of this audit was to examine delays in obtaining scans and delays in same day reporting.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology used the Same Working Day guidelines (National Diagnostic Imaging board (UK); the target was 90 per cent. The indicators were: time from request to scan attendance; time from scan to typed, accessible report. Data from 141 inpatient V/Q scans between March 2009 and 2010 were collected retrospectively. In the re‐audit 89 V/Q scans for the period of June 2010 to May 2011 were collected retrospectively.FindingsIn the first round there were 31 scans from EGH and 110 from StH. Overall 64 per cent of scans were reported on the same day. There was a significant delay in scanning EGH patients due to transportation. The introduction of voice recognition software was aimed at reducing the time between dictation and reports being available for viewing. CT Pulmonary Angiograms (CTPA) would be utilised more at EGH as it was available on site. In the second round there were 62 scans at STH, 27 at EGH. Overall, 84 per cent scans were reported on the same working day. This was a statistically significant improvement (p=0.001). Only 17 per cent of scans were reported after 12 hours.Originality/valueSpeech recognition software should allow a more efficient method of diagnosing and reporting pulmonary embolism, which in turn assists in patient management.
CGIJ review
Authors: MacVane Fiona 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to enable busy health care professionals to gain a quick overview of the current articles in CGIJ.Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes the form of a review.FindingsClinical governance continues to be an important issue in contemporary healthcare and the concept is being applied to many different facets of healthcare provision.Practical implicationsThe papers in the issue recommend changes to: knowledge sharing, risk management, defining low value/high value treatments, use of voice recognition software and clinical supervision.Social implicationsKnowledge sharing and considering patient quality of life (QOL) rather than basing treatment decisions on cost alone are considered.Originality/valueThe paper provides an overview of current subjects.
Tuning the replication fork progression by the initiation frequency
Authors: González Moreno Sara , Mata Martín Carmen , Ferrera Guillén Encarna , Guzmán Elena C. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryThe thermo‐resistant period of the thermo‐sensitive ribonucleotide reductase RNR101 encoded by the nrdA101 allele in Escherichia coli is prolonged for 50 min at 42°C, enabling an increase in DNA content of about 45%. Assuming that fork progression in the nrdA101 mutant is impaired, the question whether reduced number of ongoing replication rounds altered the thermo‐resistant period in this strain was investigated. Decreases in the oriC/terC ratio and in the number of oriC per cell at 30°C were found in the presence of oriC228, oriC229 and oriC239 alleles in strain nrdA101. Correlated with this effect, increased thermo‐resistance period of the RNR101 was allowed, and the detrimental effects on cell division, chromosome segregation and cell viability observed in the nrdA101 mutant at 42°C were suppressed. These results indicate that conditions leading to chromosome initiation deficiency at 30°C enhance the replication fork progression in the nrdA101 mutant at 42°C. We propose that coordination between initiation frequency and replication fork progression could be significant for most of the replication systems with important consequences in their cell cycle regulation.
Uterine artery pulsatility index improves prediction of methotrexate resistance in women with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia with FIGO score 5–6
Authors: Sita‐Lumsden A , Medani H , Fisher R , Harvey R , Short D , Sebire N , Savage P , Lim A , Seckl MJ , Agarwal R 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveThe Uterine Artery Pulsatility Index (UAPI) is an ultrasound measure of tumour vascularity. In this study, we hypothesised that a UAPI ≤1 (high vascularity) would identify women with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) at increased risk of resistance to first‐line single‐agent methotrexate (MTX‐R).DesignSingle‐centre cohort study.SettingCharing Cross Hospital, a UK national centre for the treatment of trophoblastic disease.PopulationAll women with a GTN FIGO score 5–6 treated with methotrexate (n = 92), between 1999 and 2011, at Charing Cross Hospital.MethodsUAPI was measured before the start of chemotherapy, and women were monitored for the development of MTX‐R.Main outcome measuresFrequency of MTX‐R in women with UAPI ≤1 compared with UAPI >1.ResultsUAPI was measured before chemotherapy in 73 of 92 women with GTN FIGO score 5–6. UAPI ≤1 predicted MTX‐R independent of the FIGO score (hazard ratio 2.9, P = 0.04), with an absolute risk of MTX‐R in women with a UAPI ≤1 of 67% (95% CI 53–79%) compared with 42% (95% CI 24–61%) with a UAPI >1 (P = 0.036).ConclusionOur results suggest UAPI is an independent predictor of MTX‐R in women with FIGO 5–6 GTN.
Ovarian cancer prediction: development of a scoring system for primary care
Authors: Grewal K , Hamilton W , Sharp D 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveRecent studies have identified specific symptoms of ovarian cancer at all stages, raising the hope of reducing diagnostic delays. We aimed to devise a scoring system for symptoms of ovarian cancer in primary care.DesignSecondary analysis of data from a case–control study.SettingThirty‐nine general practices in Exeter, mid‐Devon and east Devon.PopulationTwo hundred and twelve women with ovarian cancer and 1060 age‐, sex‐ and practice‐matched controls.MethodsConditional logistic regression was used to produce an additive scoring system and its receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. Several different cut‐offs were then tested using a simple costs model.Main outcome measuresThe ROC curve value.ResultsEach woman was assigned a score based on her symptoms in the year before diagnosis: we added a score for women aged ≥50 years, reflecting their increased incidence of ovarian cancer. The area under the ROC curve was 0.883 (95% confidence interval 0.853–0.912). The chosen cut‐off had a sensitivity of 72.6% and a specificity of 91.3%.ConclusionThis scoring system could potentially direct general practitioners to appropriate investigations for ovarian cancer on the basis of symptoms and save a substantial number of unnecessary ultrasound scans being requested.
Venous thromboembolism does not share strong familial susceptibility with pre‐eclampsia/eclampsia: a nationwide family study in Sweden
Authors: Zöller B , Li X , Sundquist J , Sundquist K 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveGenetic variants associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE) have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of pre‐eclampsia/eclampsia (PEC/EC). This nationwide study aimed to determine whether VTE shares familial susceptibility with PEC/EC.DesignPopulation‐based cohort study.SettingSweden.SampleA total of 941 841 Swedish women delivering their first child between 1987 and 2008.MethodsData from the Swedish Multigeneration Register were linked to the Swedish Hospital Discharge Register. The risk of PEC/EC was determined in primiparous women with a family history of VTE (in parents and/or siblings), compared with primiparous women without a family history of VTE. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated by logistic regression.Main outcome measurePEC/EC in first pregnancy.ResultsIn total, 43 621 women had PEC/EC in association with their first pregnancy. The OR for PEC/EC in women with a family history of VTE was 1.06 (95% CI 1.01–1.11); however, a family history of VTE was associated with higher odds of PEC/EC among women with previous hypertension (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.25–1.52).ConclusionA family history of VTE is weakly associated with PEC/EC risk, and is not clinically useful for the prediction of PEC/EC. The results of the present study suggest that it is unlikely that strong disease‐causing mutations shared by VTE and PEC/EC are common in the Swedish population. The novel association between family history and PEC/EC among the subgroup with previous hypertension needs further confirmation in future studies.
Physical Characterization and Recovery of Corroded Fingerprint Impressions from Postblast Copper Pipe Bomb Fragments
Authors: Bond John W. , Brady Thomas F. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPipe bombs made from 1 mm thick copper pipe were detonated with a low explosive power powder. Analysis of the physical characteristics of fragments revealed that the copper had undergone work hardening with an increased Vickers Hardness of 107HV1 compared with 80HV1 for unexploded copper pipe. Mean plastic strain prior to fracture was calculated at 0.28 showing evidence of both plastic deformation and wall thinning. An examination of the external surface showed microfractures running parallel with the length of the pipe at approximately 100 μm intervals and 1–2 μm in width. Many larger fragments had folded “inside out” making the original outside surface inaccessible and difficult to fold back through work hardening. A visual examination for fingerprint corrosion revealed ridge details on several fragments that were enhanced by selective digital mapping of colors reflected from the surface of the copper. One of these fingerprints was identified partially to the original donor.
Evolution of the Psychological Autopsy: Fifty Years of Experience at the Los Angeles County Chief Medical Examiner‐Coroner's Office
Authors: Botello Timothy , Noguchi Thomas , Sathyavagiswaran Lakshmanan , Weinberger Linda E. , Gross Bruce H. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe origin of the psychological autopsy was in the late 1950s and the result of a collaboration between the Los Angeles County Chief Medical Examiner‐Coroner's Office and the Los Angeles Suicide Prevention Center. It was conceptualized as a thorough retrospective analysis of the decedent's state of mind and intention at the time of death. It was used initially in “equivocal” deaths where the manner of death was possibly either suicide or accident. Later, it was used in cases where a party (primarily family members) protested the Medical Examiner‐Coroner's suicide determination. Over the past 25 years, the University of Southern California Institute of Psychiatry, Law, and Behavioral Science has served as the psychiatric/psychological consultants to the Coroner's Department. Research findings, the use of this approach in high‐profile cases, and the most recent manner in which the psychological autopsy is conducted are discussed.
The Morphology of Fecal and Regurgitation Artifacts Deposited by the Blow Fly Lucilia cuprina Fed a Diet of Human Blood
Authors: Durdle Annalisa , van Oorschot Roland A. H. , John Mitchell R. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractFly feces and regurgitation deposits may be mistaken for bloodstain patterns at a crime scene, potentially compromising event reconstruction and/or misdirecting police resources. In some instances, these artifacts contain sufficient human biological material to generate a full DNA profile, sometimes 2 years after deposition. Clearly, it is important that investigators can make the distinction between artifacts and bloodstains. This study examined 6645 artifacts deposited on a smooth, nonporous surface after Lucilia cuprina were fed human blood. Artifacts were also compared with bloodstains on a variety of other surfaces. Both similarities and differences were found between artifacts and bloodstains, highlighting the need for an identification system to assist personnel with little training in bloodstain pattern analysis. The morphology of the artifacts has been described so that these deposits may be more clearly distinguished from bloodstains, targeted by crime scene personnel as potential sources of human DNA, and/or identified as potential evidence contaminants. Flowcharts have been devised to facilitate the analysis.
Is the non‐verbal behavioural emotion‐processing profile of bipolar disorder impaired? A critical review
Authors: Van Rheenen T. E. , Rossell S. L. 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveGrowing evidence suggests that patients with bipolar disorder (BD) are impaired in their ability to process non‐verbal emotion, although few comprehensive reviews of the behavioural literature exist, and there has been little consideration of methodological issues that may account for discrepant empirical findings. This review examines the behavioural facial, prosodic and multimodal processing literature in BD and discusses methodological issues in the context of this evidence.MethodMajor computer databases including Google Scholar and PsychINFO were consulted to conduct a comprehensive review of quantitative behavioural differences in the emotion‐processing literature in BD. Articles were accepted only if the target population sample met criteria for a DSM‐III, DSM‐IV or ICD‐10 diagnosis, and they contained a healthy control group.ResultsThe current literature suggests that facial emotion processing is impaired, and there is preliminary evidence for some behavioural impairment in the processing of emotional prosody.ConclusionThe specificity or generalisability of impairments in facial emotion processing and the effects of mood state are unclear. Similarly, the lack of clarity around the impact of auditory processes on emotional prosody processing warrants a comprehensive examination of the auditory profile in BD.
Attenuation of TNF production and experimentally induced inflammation by PDE4 inhibitor rolipram is mediated by MAPK phosphatase‐1
Authors: Korhonen Riku , Hömmö Tuija , Keränen Tiina , Laavola Mirka , Hämäläinen Mari , Vuolteenaho Katriina , Lehtimäki Lauri , Kankaanranta Hannu , Moilanen Eeva 
Published: March 2013

Background and Purpose3′,5′‐Cyclic nucleotide PDE4 is expressed in several inflammatory and immune cells, and PDE4 catalyses the hydrolysis of cAMP to 5′AMP, down‐regulating cAMP signalling in cells. MAPK phosphatase‐1 (MKP‐1) is an endogenous p38 MAPK signalling suppressor and limits inflammatory gene expression and inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the effect of a PDE4 inhibitor rolipram on MKP‐1 expression and whether MKP‐1 is involved in the anti‐inflammatory effects of rolipram.Experimental ApproachThe effect of rolipram on TNF production was investigated in J774 mouse macrophage cell line and in primary mouse peritoneal macrophages (PM) from wild‐type (WT) and MKP‐1(–/–) mice. We also investigated the effect of rolipram on carrageenan‐induced paw inflammation in WT and MKP‐1(–/–) mice.Key ResultsMKP‐1 expression was enhanced by rolipram, by a non‐selective PDE inhibitor IBMX and by a cAMP analogue 8‐Br‐cAMP in J774 cells and in PM. Enhanced MKP‐1 mRNA expression by rolipram was reversed by a PKA inhibitor. Rolipram, IBMX and 8‐Br‐cAMP also inhibited TNF production in activated macrophages. Accordingly, rolipram inhibited TNF production in PMs from WT mice but, interestingly, not in PMs from MKP‐1(–/–) mice. Furthermore, rolipram attenuated carrageenan‐induced paw inflammation in WT but not in MKP‐1(–/–) mice.Conclusions and ImplicationsPDE4 inhibitor rolipram was found to enhance the expression of MKP‐1, and MKP‐1 mediated, at least partly, the anti‐inflammatory effects of PDE4 inhibition. The results suggest that compounds that enhance MKP‐1 expression and/or MKP‐1 activity hold potential as novel anti‐inflammatory drugs.
Cannabidiol attenuates deficits of visuospatial associative memory induced by Δ9tetrahydrocannabinol
Authors: Wright M Jerry , Vandewater Sophia A , Taffe Michael A 
Published: March 2013

Background and PurposeRecent human studies suggest that recreational cannabis strains that are relatively high in cannabidiol (CBD) content produce less cognitive impairment than do strains with negligible CBD and similar Δ9tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content. Self‐selection in such studies means it is impossible to rule out additional variables which may determine both cannabis strain selection and basal cognitive performance level. Controlled laboratory studies can better determine a direct relationship.Experimental ApproachIn this study, adult male rhesus monkeys were assessed on visuospatial Paired Associates Learning and Self‐Ordered Spatial Search memory tasks, as well as additional tests of motivation and manual dexterity. Subjects were challenged with THC (0.2, 0.5 mg·kg−1, i.m.) in randomized order and evaluated in the presence or absence of 0.5 mg·kg−1 CBD.Key ResultsCBD attenuated the effects of THC on paired associates learning and a bimanual motor task without affecting the detrimental effects of THC on a Self‐Ordered Spatial Search task of working memory. CBD did not significantly reverse THC‐induced impairment of a progressive ratio or a rotating turntable task.Conclusions and ImplicationsThis study provides direct evidence that CBD can oppose the cognitive‐impairing effects of THC and that it does so in a task‐selective manner when administered simultaneously in a 1:1 ratio with THC. The addition of CBD to THC‐containing therapeutic products may therefore help to ameliorate unwanted cognitive side‐effects.Linked ArticleThis article is commented on by Mechoulam and Parker, pp 1363–1364 of this issue. To view this commentary visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.12400