bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of invasion and disease transmission by the Australasian freshwater snail Orientogalba viridis (Lymnaeidae): a field and experimental study
Authors: Vázquez Antonio A. , Chapuis Elodie , Sánchez Jorge , Alda Pilar , Faugère Dominique , Sánchez Mónica , Souq Léa , López-Soriano Joaquín , Quiñonero-Salgado Sergio , Bonel Nicolás , Pointier Jean-Pierre , Alba Annia , Hurtrez-Boussès Sylvie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Biological invasions pose risks to the normal functioning of ecosystems by altering the structure and composition of several communities. Molluscs stand out as an extensively studied group given their long history of introduction by either natural or anthropogenic dispersal events. An alien population of the lymnaeid species Orientogalba viridis was first sighted in 2009 in southern Spain. In its native range (Australasian), this species is one of the main intermediate hosts of Fasciola hepatica, a major worldwide trematode parasite largely affecting humans, domestic animals and wildlife.

Methods
We collected field populations of O. viridis from its native (Malaysia) and invaded (Spain) ranges. We performed detailed morphoanatomical drawings of the species and screened for natural infection of parasites. Individuals were molecularly characterized using ITS2 for comparison with existing sequences in a fine phylogeography study. We founded experimental populations at two different conditions (tropical, 26 °C and temperate, 21 °C) to study the life-history traits of exposed and non-exposed individuals to different F. hepatica isolates.

Results
We found a 9% natural prevalence of trematode infection (98% similarity with a sequence of Hypoderaeum conoideum [Echinostomatidae]) in the Spanish field population. The haplotypes of O. viridis found in our study from Spain clustered with Australian haplotypes. Experimental infection with F. hepatica was successful in both experimental conditions but higher in tropical (87% prevalence) than in temperate (73%). Overall lifespan, however, was higher in temperate conditions (mean 32.5 ± 7.4 weeks versus 23.3 ± 6.5) and survivorship remained above 70% during the first 20 weeks. In parasite-exposed populations, life expectancy dropped from an overall 37.75 weeks to 11.35 weeks but still doubled the time for initial cercariae shedding. Cercariae shedding started at day 23 post-exposure and peaked between days 53 and 67 with an average of 106 metacercariae per snail.

Conclusions
Whether O. viridis will succeed in Europe is unknown, but the odds are for a scenario in which a major snail host of F. hepatica occupy all available habitats of potential transmission foci, ravelling the epidemiology of fasciolosis. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of O. viridis biology, interactions with parasites and potential implications for disease transmission dynamics, offering valuable insights for further research and surveillance.

Graphical Abstract
Desulfovibrio vulgaris caused gut inflammation and aggravated DSS-induced colitis in C57BL/6 mice model
Authors: Huang Guoxin , Zheng Yilin , Zhang Ni , Huang Guohai , Zhang Weijin , Li Qingnan , Ren Xuecong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is a potential pathogen usually detected in patients with gastrointestinal diseases. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a metabolic byproduct of SRB, was considered the main causative agent that disrupted the morphology and function of gut epithelial cells. Associated study also showed that flagellin from Desulfovibrio vulgaris (DVF), the representative bacterium of the Desulfovibrio genus, could exacerbate colitis due to the interaction of DVF and LRRC19, leading to the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, we still have limited understanding about the change of gut microbiota (GM) composition caused by overgrowth of SRB and its exacerbating effects on colitis.

Results
In this study, we transplanted D. vulgaris into the mice treated with or without DSS, and set a one-week recovery period to investigate the impact of D. vulgaris on the mice model. The outcomes showed that transplanted D. vulgaris into the normal mice could cause the gut inflammation, disrupt gut barrier and reduce the level of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Moreover, D. vulgaris also significantly augmented DSS-induced colitis by exacerbating the damage of gut barrier and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, for instance, IL-1β, iNOS, and TNF-α. Furthermore, results also showed that D. vulgaris could markedly change GM composition, especially decrease the relative abundance of SCFAs-producing bacteria. Additionally, D. vulgaris significantly stimulated the growth of Akkermansia muciniphila probably via its metabolic byproduct, H2S, in vivo.

Conclusions
Collectively, this study indicated that transplantation of D. vulgaris could cause gut inflammation and aggravate the colitis induced by DSS.
Predictive parameters for early detection of clinically relevant abdominal trauma in multiple-injury or polytraumatised patients: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Fabig Stefan , Weigert Nadja , Migliorini Filippo , Kleeff Jörg , Hofmann Gunther Olaf , Schenk Philipp , Hilbert-Carius Peter , Kobbe Philipp , Mendel Thomas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDiagnosis of relevant organ injury after blunt abdominal injury (AI) in multiple-injury/polytraumatised patients is challenging. AI can be distinguished between injuries of parenchymatous organs (POI) of the upper abdomen (liver, spleen) and bowel and mesenteric injuries (BMI). Still, such injuries may be associated with delays in diagnosis and treatment. The present study aimed to verify laboratory parameters, imaging diagnostics, physical examination and related injuries to predict intraabdominal injuries. This retrospective, single-centre study includes data from multiple-injury/polytraumatised patients between 2005 and 2017. Two main groups were defined with relevant abdominal injury (AI+) and without abdominal injury (AI−). The AI+ group was divided into three subgroups: BMI+, BMI+/POI+, and POI+. Groups were compared in a univariate analysis for significant differences. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors for AI+, BMI+ and POI+. 26.3% (271 of 1032) of the included patients had an abdominal injury. Subgroups were composed of 4.7% (49 of 1032) BMI+, 4.7% (48 of 1032) BMI+/POI+ and 16.8% (174 of 1032) POI+. Pathological abdominal signs had a sensitivity of 48.7% and a specificity of 92.4% for AI+. Transaminases were significantly higher in cases of AI+. Pathological computed tomography (CT) (free fluid, parenchymal damage, Bowel Injury Prediction Score (BIPS), CT Grade > 4) was summarised and had a sensitivity of 94.8%, a specificity of 98%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 94.5% and, negative predictive value (NPV) of 98.2% for AI+. The detected predictors for AI+ were pathological abdominal findings (odds ratio (OR) 3.93), pathological multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) (OR 668.9), alanine (ALAT) ≥ 1.23 µmol/ls (OR 2.35) and associated long bone fractures (OR 3.82). Pathological abdominal signs, pathological MSCT and lactate (LAC) levels ≥ 1.94 mmol/l could be calculated as significant risk factors for BMI+. For POI+ pathological abdominal MSCT, ASAT ≥ 1.73 µmol/ls and concomitant thoracic injuries had significant relevance. The study presents reliable risk factors for abdominal injury and its sub-entities. The predictors can be explained by the anatomy of the trunk and existing studies. Elevated transaminases predicted abdominal injury (AI+) and, specifically, the POI+. The pathological MSCT was the most reliable predictive parameter. However, it was essential to include further relevant parameters.
The effect of supportive counseling on self-esteem of infertile women after in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure: a randomized controlled trial study
Authors: Shafaghi Manijeh , Ahmadinezhad Golnaz Sadat , Karimi Fatemeh Zahra , Mazloum Seyed Reza , Golbar Yazdi Haniye Zarif , Afiat Malihe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The unsuccessful treatment of infertility can lead to heightened levels of negative emotions, which are often associated with various psychological consequences. These consequences may include a decrease in self-confidence, feelings of loneliness, reduced self-esteem, and even discontinuation of treatment. Therefore, it is crucial to implement interventions that can help improve these consequences for women who have experienced IVF failure. The present study aimed to examine the effect of supportive counseling on self-esteem of infertile women after IVF failure.

Methods
this randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 63 infertile women after IVF failure, referred to Milad Infertility Center in Mashhad in 2021. In the intervention group, the researcher provided individual supportive counseling sessions. These sessions took place over a span of four weeks, with each session lasting 60 min (One session every week). Data collection was conducted both before and one month after the study using Eysenck self-esteem Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS25, as well as statistical tests such as chi-square, independent t-test, Paired t-test and Mann-Whitney tests. A significance level of less than 5% was considered.

Results
The study found no significant difference in mean scores of self-esteem between the two groups before the study (p = 0.823). However, after one month, the intervention group had significantly higher self-esteem scores (24.3 ± 18.55) compared to the control group (21.74 ± 5.62) (p = 0.043) Moreover, Based on the Within-group comparison, there was a 2.43 ± 3.24 point increase in self-esteem scores of the intervention group after one month, while the control group showed a -0.33 ± 3.72 point decrease.

Conclusion
Supportive counseling was found to be effective in improving self-esteem following IVF failure. As a result, it can be recommended as an effective, affordable, and low-risk counseling approach for women who have experienced IVF failure. By offering supportive counseling, it is possible to help prevent and alleviate the psychological consequences associated with IVF failure.

Trial registration
This research project was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials with code IRCT20210407050883N1- Date of registration 2021-05-25.
The evaluation of IL-4 VNTR intron 3 and TNF-α (rs1799964) gene polymorphisms in Egyptian patients with alopecia areata: a case–control study
Authors: Mostafa Maged , Zohdy Marwa , Abdelsalam Maha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Alopecia areata (AA) is a non-scarring hair loss condition that usually affects the scalp. The exact pathogenesis is poorly understood; however, multiple factors like genetics, environmental, psychological, and immunological factors may have a role. The purpose of this study was to look into possible links between the functional interleukin-4 (IL-4) gene intron 3 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) and TNF-(rs1799964) gene polymorphism and AA susceptibility. This case–control study consisted of 79 unrelated patients and 156 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals as a control group. The Severity of Alopecia Tool was used to assess the extent of hair loss from the scalp. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with specific primers was used to determine IL-4 gene 70-bp VNTR polymorphism while polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) was used to investigate TNF-α (rs1799964) gene polymorphism.

Results
None of the selected polymorphisms for both genotypes and alleles had statistical significance when patients and controls were compared with each other (p-values for IL-4 VNTR were 0.11, 0.74, 0.052 and 0.27 and for TNF-α polymorphism was 0.71, 0.43, 0.65 and 0.55, respectively, for codominant, dominant, recessive and overdominant models of inheritance, respectively). Furthermore, the same results were retrieved when the genotypes were compared with the patient’s clinical and demographic data (p-value > 0.05).

Conclusion
The findings indicate that IL-4 VNTR intron 3 and TNF-α (rs1799964) gene polymorphisms are not linked to the development of AA in the Egyptian population.
Predictors of short-term mortality in cardiogenic shock: insights from an Egyptian multicenter registry
Authors: Taha Hesham S. , Gohar Ahmed , Ammar Walid , Alhossary Hossam , Adel Ahmed , Diab Reda , Mahfouz Hala , Shaker Mirna M. , Samy Mina 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Cardiogenic shock (CS) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries where there are limited resources and a lack of data on CS outcomes. This study aimed to investigate 30-day all-cause mortality in Egyptian patients with CS at tertiary referral centers.

Results
This prospective, observational multicenter registry analyzed 16,681 patients from six cardiac centers, to evaluate the incidence, causes and predictors of CS-related mortality. Among the 529 diagnosed CS patients, 68.2% had an ischemic etiology. No discernable variations were observed in clinical or laboratory features, as well as mortality rates, between ischemic and non-ischemic CS patients. Within 30 days, 210 deaths (39.7%) occurred. Non-survivors with ischemic CS had a higher prevalence of diabetes, worsening renal function, and were more likely to receive multiple inotropes. Mortality did not significantly differ between acute coronary syndrome patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-STEMI (NSTEMI) (42.7% vs. 43.7%, p < 0.887). However, anterior STEMI patients had significantly higher mortality than those with inferior STEMI (49.5% vs. 21.6%, p < 0.003). Multivariate regression analysis identified predictors of mortality in CS, including the median hospital stay duration, leucocyte count, alanine transaminase levels, highest creatinine levels, resuscitated cardiac arrest, and use of norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine.

Conclusion
In an Egyptian cohort, CS incidence was 3.17%, with no mortality difference based on the underlying etiology. Independent predictors of 30-day all-cause mortality included worsening renal function, leucocyte count, resuscitated cardiac arrest, and use of multiple inotropes/vasopressors.

Graphical abstract
Subclinical venous thromboembolism after pulmonary resection for lung cancer: an observational study
Authors: Elsayed Hany Hasan , El-Nori Ahmed Anwar , Mostafa Ahmed , Elsayegh Mohamed Tarek , Barien Mohamed Magdy 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Subclinical venous thromboembolism is a hidden pathology which may present with catastrophic consequences if not diagnosed at an early stage. This study was undertaken to estimate the occurrence and associated risk factors of subclinical deep vein thrombosis after lung resection for lung cancer patients. A prospective observational cohort study was performed in a tertiary cardiothoracic surgery center. One hundred fifty patients who underwent different types of lung resection for lung cancer were enrolled. Caprini’s risk score was assessed in all patients. All patients received prophylactic stockings and anticoagulants. On the 5th postoperative day, a duplex venous ultrasound of bilateral lower limbs was performed on every asymptomatic patient.

Results
Out of 150 patients enrolled in the study, 147 patients completed the study. Four patients (2.72%) developed subclinical deep vein thrombosis. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n = 143) post-lung resection and no DVT and group 2 (n = 4) with post-lung resection subclinical DVT. No patient developed postoperative clinical DVT. The incidence was found to be highest in the group of individuals who had a longer stay in the ICU (odds ratio 37.9) (p = 0.04). Among the various pathologies, the incidence was higher in patients who received preoperative chemotherapy (odds ratio 21.9) (p = 0.001). One patient in the subclinical DVT group (25%) died, while no mortality was observed in the no DVT group.

Conclusions
The incidence of subclinical deep vein thrombosis is low in the postoperative period among patients undergoing lung resection for lung cancer if appropriate prophylactic measures are applied. However, patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy and those with longer periods of immobilization are at a higher risk of developing postoperative DVT despite anticoagulant prophylaxis. Due to the sample size and design limitations, the mentioned risk factors could be associated with DVT not a cause of DVT. It might be justified to screen these high-risk groups to detect subclinical DVT to allow for post-discharge prophylaxis.
Assessment of exercise tolerance using cardiopulmonary exercise test in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and secondary pulmonary arterial hypertension treated with Sildenafil versus those receiving only standard-of-care
Authors: Darwish Darwish Ibrahim , Moustafa Yasser , Abdel-Hamid Hossam M. , Mohammed Rehab M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a common complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which can lead to shorter survival and poor clinical outcomes. Patients suffering from PAH display a cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) profile with several atypical factors, such as decreased work rate, limited ability to do aerobic activities, and ventilatory insufficiency.

Objectives
To assess and compare exercise tolerance by CPET in COPD patients with secondary PAH receiving cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type-5 (PDE-5) inhibitor (sildenafil) versus those who are receiving standard-of-care only.

Patients and methods
This is a prospective, cross-sectional research in which a total of 30 COPD patients with mild to severe obstruction and secondary PAH were recruited; all patients were treated with standard-of-care treatment for COPD; moreover, half of the recruited patients were also on sildenafil 60 mg/day for at least 3 months at the time of recruitment (sildenafil users) as specific therapy for PAH while the other half were not (non-users). All patients underwent CPET to assess their exercise capacity.

Results
No significant statistical differences were observed between sildenafil users and non-users in all CPET parameters except in respiratory exchange ratio (RER) during both exercise and recovery with sildenafil users showing a lower RER in both phases compared to non-users (p = 0.02, 0.01, respectively). Also, resting diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was significantly lower in sildenafil users (p = 0.02). In addition, sildenafil users did not exhibit significant differences compared to non-users in terms of Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) score, COPD assessment test (CAT) score, or spirometric parameters.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that there were no significant differences in overall exercise capacity, nor in symptoms or spirometric parameters between COPD patients with secondary PAH receiving sildenafil and those who were not.
Velocity model-based adapted meshes using optimal transport
Authors: dos Santos Thiago Dias , Olender Alexandre , Dolci Daiane Iglesia , Carmo Bruno Souza 
Published: July 2024

In geophysical numerical models using the finite-element method or its variant, the spectral-element method, to solve seismic wave equations, a mesh is used to discretize the domain. Generating or adapting a mesh to complex geologic properties is a challenging task. To tackle this challenge, we develop an r-adaptivity method to generate or adapt a 2D mesh to a seismic velocity field. Our scheme relies on the optimal transport theory to perform vertices relocation, which generates good-shaped meshes and prevents tangled elements. The mesh adaptation can delineate different regions of interest, such as sharp interfaces, salt bodies, and discontinuities. The algorithm has a few user-defined parameters that control the mesh density. With typical seismic velocity examples (e.g., Camembert, SEAM Phase, and Marmousi-2), mesh adaptation capability is illustrated in meshes with triangular and quadrilateral elements, commonly used in seismic codes. In addition to its potential use in mesh generation, the method developed can be embedded in seismic inversion workflows such as multiscale full-waveform inversion to adapt the mesh to the field being inverted without incurring the input-output cost of remeshing and load rebalancing in parallel computations. The method can be extended to 3D meshes.
Coping strategies in young people during the COVID-19 pandemic: rapid review
Authors: Howard Ranjita , Manohar Harshini , Seshadri Shekhar , Sharma Aditya 
Published: July 2024

Aims and method
To better understand factors supporting young people's (age <18 years) mental health during pandemic-type conditions, we aimed to identify whether coping strategies adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic could be dichotomised according to manifesting positive or negative psychological outcomes. Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus and ASSIA databases were used to identify empirical studies that examined coping strategies used by young people experiencing psychological challenges during COVID-19.

Results
Twenty-five international studies were included, identifying that coping strategies adopted could be significantly dichotomised according to reducing or exacerbating psychological challenges. Positive coping strategies were proactive and solutions-oriented, whereas negative coping strategies were more avoidant and emotion-oriented.

Clinical implications
An internal locus of control may account for why adolescents exercised more proactive coping compared with their younger counterparts, although parents of younger children may offset the impact of stressors by drawing on a proposed coping framework emphasising proactivity and engagement. This would be an invaluable addition to future pandemic preparedness planning cycles.
Genetic Testing for Primary Aldosteronism in SPAIN: Results From the SPAIN-ALDO Registry and Review of the Literature
Authors: Araujo-Castro Marta , Ruiz-Sánchez Jorge Gabriel , Gonzalvo César , Lamas Cristina , Parra Ramírez Paola , Martín Marcos-Rojas Patricia , Paja Miguel , Robles Lázaro Cristina , Michalopoulou Theodora , Tous María , Gonzalez-Boillos M , Recio-Córdova José María , Casteras Anna , Fernández-Álvarez Paula , Barca Tierno Verónica , Mulatero Paolo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Context
It is estimated that about 5% of the primary aldosteronism (PA) cases are of hereditary origin (familial hyperaldosteronism, FH). To date, 4 forms of FH have been reported. However, in general little is known about the genetic causes that lead to the development of PA.

Objective
This work aimed to determine the rate of genetic testing for FH in the SPAIN-ALDO Registry and to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with FH. In addition, a literature review of reports of FH cases was performed.

Methods
A retrospective multicenter study of PA in patients followed in 35 Spanish tertiary hospitals (SPAIN-ALDO Registry).

Results
Twenty-five of the 855 patients (3%) with PA included in the registry underwent genetic testing for FH, with complete results available for only 24 patients. However, we found that there were 57 patients who met the criteria for performing a genetic study of PA. Only 8 out of these 57 patients were genetically tested (14.0%), while the reasons to perform a genetic study in the remaining 17 genetically studied cases were quite heterogeneous. A positive result for FH was found in only one case for FH type III (KCNJ5 pathogenic variant). A systematic review of the literature was performed and identified a total of 25 articles reporting 246 patients with FH type I, 12 articles reporting 72 patients with FH type II, 14 articles reporting 29 cases of FH type III, and 3 articles reporting 12 patients with FH type IV.

Conclusion
The genetic study of FH is often scarce in real-world clinical practice, as 86% of patients with criteria to undergo genetic study were not evaluated in our cohort. Nevertheless, FH is an uncommon cause of PA, representing only 0.2% of cases in the SPAIN-ALDO Registry, although its prevalence may be as high as 4% among suspected cases.