bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enantiopure Chiral Poly(glycerol methacrylate) Self‐Assembled Monolayers Knock Down Protein Adsorption and Cell Adhesion
Authors: Li Zheng , Köwitsch Alexander , Zhou Guoying , Groth Thomas , Fuhrmann Bodo , Niepel Marcus , Amado Elkin , Kressler Jörg 
Published: March 2013

AbstractChirality plays a fundamental role not only in biological systems, but also in synthetic materials intended for bio‐applications. Self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) are prepared on gold surfaces through a “grafting to” method from racemic or enantiopure chiral poly(glycerol methacrylate)s (PGMA(rac), PGMA(R), and PGMA(S)), having a thiol endgroup. Such SAMs constitute a chemically and structurally well‐defined model substrate for studying protein adsorption and cell adhesion as a function of the polymer chirality. Surface plasmon resonance measurements reveal that PGMA SAMs greatly reduce the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) compared to bare gold surfaces. Interestingly, enantiopure SAMs based on PGMA(R) or PGMA(S) show a significantly larger reduction in BSA adsorption than PGMA(rac)‐covered surfaces. Studies with the monocytic cell line THP‐1 show a similar relationship between enantiopurity of PGMA SAMs and the extent of cell adhesion. Ellipsometry and Raman spectroscopy measurements indicate that SAMs formed by PGMA(rac) have a higher grafting density compared to SAMs of PGMA(R) and PGMA(S). This seems to be due to the ability of PGMA(rac) to form more intermolecular hydrogen bonds among polymer chains compared to the enantiopure PGMAs. Circular dichroism spectroscopy provide evidence that enantiopure polymers adopt a chiral ordered conformation, most likely helical, in aqueous solutions. It is concluded that a higher water content of SAMs formed by enantiopure PGMA(S) and PGMA(R) SAMs arises from the macromolecular chiral conformation adopted by their enantiopure PGMA chains, and it is the decisive reason for the reduced BSA adsorption and cell adhesion as compared to PGMA(rac) SAMs.
Current Methods for Inducing Pluripotency in Somatic Cells
Authors: Tavernier Geertrui , Mlody Barbara , Demeester Jo , Adjaye James , De Smedt Stefaan C. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe groundbreaking discovery of reprogramming fibroblasts towards pluripotency merely by introducing four transcription factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and c‐MYC) by means of retroviral transduction has created a promising revolution in the field of regenerative medicine. These so‐called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can provide a cell source for disease‐modelling, drug‐screening platforms, and transplantation strategies to treat incurable degenerative diseases, while circumventing the ethical issues and immune rejections associated with the use of non‐autologous embryonic stem cells. The risk of insertional mutagenesis, caused both by the viral and transgene nature of the technique has proven to be the major limitation for iPSCs to be used in a clinical setting. In view of this, a variety of alternative techniques have been developed to induce pluripotency in somatic cells. This review provides an overview on current reprogramming protocols, discusses their pros and cons and future challenges to provide safe and transgene‐free iPSCs.
More than training: Community‐based participatory research to reduce injuries among hispanic construction workers
Authors: Forst Linda , Ahonen Emily , Zanoni Joseph , Holloway‐Beth Alfreda , Oschner Michele , Kimmel Louis , Martino Carmen , Rodriguez Eric , Kader Adam , Ringholm Elisa , Sokas Rosemary 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundWorkplace mortality and severe injury are disproportionately distributed among foreign born and Hispanic construction workers. Worker Centers (WCs) provide services and advocacy for low‐wage workers and a way for investigators to reach them. The goal of this project is to prevent occupational injuries by increasing awareness of hazards and self‐efficacy among foreign born, Hispanic construction workers and by expanding the agenda of WCs to include occupational health and safety (H&S).MethodsInvestigators partnered with eight WCs in seven cities to train worker leaders to deliver a modified OSHA 10‐hr curriculum to their peers.ResultsThirty‐two worker leaders trained 446 workers over 3 years. There was a demonstrated improvement in knowledge, hazard identification, self‐efficacy, and sustainable H&S activities.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence for successful implementation of a training intervention for low wage, low literacy Hispanic construction workers using a community‐based participatory research approach. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:827–837, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fractures in Children With Neurofibromatosis Type 1 From Two NF Clinics
Authors: George‐Abraham Jaya K. , Martin Lisa J. , Kalkwarf Heidi J. , Rieley Margaret B. , Stevenson David A. , Viskochil David H. , Hopkin Robert J. , Stevens Austin M. , Hanson Heather , Schorry Elizabeth K. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractNeurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder with osseous abnormalities occurring in up to one‐third of patients. Several studies have documented osteopenia in both children and adults with NF1; however, the significance of lower bone mineral density (BMD) in relationship to fracture incidence is not well elucidated in NF1, particularly in children. We undertook a retrospective study to determine prevalence and location of fractures in children and adolescents with NF1, ages 5–20 years, using a standardized questionnaire. We surveyed 256 individuals with NF1 from two multidisciplinary NF centers and 178 controls without NF1 of similar ages and sex. Participants with known long bone dysplasia (LBD) were analyzed separately. Data collected included numbers and location of fractures, dietary calcium intake, and physical activity levels. There was no difference in prevalence of ever having a fracture between the NF1 group without LBD (22%) and the control group (25%); median number of fractures also did not differ. There were significant differences in fracture location with a higher frequency of fractures of the lower extremities in NF1 individuals without LBD compared to controls. Both NF1 cohorts had lower rates of physical activity than controls (P < 0.0001). Our data demonstrate that the likelihood of having had a fracture is not higher in young NF1 individuals without LBD in comparison to healthy controls. The lower physical activity level may have a “protective effect” for those with NF1, thus keeping their fracture incidence lower than expected for their relative degree of osteopenia. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Overlap and specificity of genetic and environmental influences on excessive acquisition and difficulties discarding possessions: Implications for hoarding disorder
Authors: Nordsletten Ashley E. , Monzani Benedetta , Fernández de la Cruz Lorena , Iervolino Alessandra C. , Fullana Miquel A. , Harris Juliette , Rijsdijk Fruhling , Mataix‐Cols David 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA reluctance to discard items, leading to severely cluttered living spaces, is the landmark feature of hoarding disorder (HD). Many, but not all, individuals with HD also excessively acquire, buy or even steal items that they do not need and for which no space is available. In DSM‐5, “excessive acquisition” can be coded as a specifier of HD. Despite their consistent co‐occurrence, the question of whether excessive acquisition and difficulties discarding possessions share a common etiology remains unanswered. The current study sought to flesh out this relationship by examining the extent of shared genetic and environmental influences on the association between excessive acquisition and difficulties discarding in a community sample of adult, female twins. A total of 5,022 female twins (2,529 pairs; mean age = 55.5 years) completed a self‐report measure of hoarding symptoms, including items assessing excessive acquisition and difficulties discarding. The data were analyzed using bivariate twin modeling methods in the statistical program Mx. As expected, we found a strong phenotypic correlation (0.63) between excessive acquisition and difficulty discarding items. Both traits were moderately heritable. The genetic correlation between the traits was estimated to be 0.77 (95% CI: 0.69–0.85), indicating a substantial but imperfect genetic overlap. The non‐shared environmental correlation (0.50 [95% CI: 0.42–0.57]), though lower, was also significant. The findings demonstrate a substantial genetic, and more modest environmental, etiological overlap between the excessive acquisition of possessions and difficulties discarding them, providing a possible explanation for their frequent co‐occurrence in HD. However, given that the etiological overlap is not perfect, unique etiological influences, particularly environmental, on each phenotype seem plausible. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthese und Pharmakologie von Proteasom‐Inhibitoren
Authors: Rentsch Andreas , Landsberg Dirk , Brodmann Tobias , Bülow Leila , Girbig Anna‐Katharina , Kalesse Markus 
Published: March 2013

AbstractSchon kurz nach der Entdeckung des Proteasoms war klar, dass Proteasom‐Inhibitoren in der Lage sein sollten, Proteine zu stabilisieren, die zur Apoptose von Tumorzellen führen sollten. Die entscheidenden Fragen dabei war, ob es prinzipiell überhaupt möglich ist, das Proteasom zu inhibieren, ohne untragbare Nebenwirkungen hervorzurufen, und wie man zu solchen Inhibitoren gelangen könnte. Glücklicherweise stellt “Mutter Natur” eine ganze Bandbreite von verschiedenen Naturstoffen zur Verfügung, die selektiv und spezifisch das Proteasom inhibieren. Die chemische Synthese dieser Naturstoffe hat schließlich den Zugang zu deren Analoga und optimierten Wirkstoffen ermöglicht, von denen zwei bereits als Medikament zur Behandlung von Krebserkrankungen zugelassen sind. Trotz dieser Erfolge werden noch weitere Naturstoffe als Leitstrukturen bearbeitet, und wir werden deren biologisches Potenzial sowie die damit verbundenen Herausforderungen auf dem Gebiet der Synthese im Folgenden besprechen.
Computational Enzyme Design
Authors: Kiss Gert , Çelebi‐Ölçüm Nihan , Moretti Rocco , Baker David , Houk K. N. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractRecent developments in computational chemistry and biology have come together in the “inside‐out” approach to enzyme engineering. Proteins have been designed to catalyze reactions not previously accelerated in nature. Some of these proteins fold and act as catalysts, but the success rate is still low. The achievements and limitations of the current technology are highlighted and contrasted to other protein engineering techniques. On its own, computational “inside‐out” design can lead to the production of catalytically active and selective proteins, but their kinetic performances fall short of natural enzymes. When combined with directed evolution, molecular dynamics simulations, and crowd‐sourced structure‐prediction approaches, however, computational designs can be significantly improved in terms of binding, turnover, and thermal stability.
Brief Report: Reduced Joint Counts Misclassify Patients With Oligoarticular Psoriatic Arthritis and Miss Significant Numbers of Patients With Active Disease
Authors: Coates Laura C. , FitzGerald Oliver , Gladman Dafna D. , McHugh Neil , Mease Philip , Strand Vibeke , Helliwell Philip S. 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveTo evaluate joint counts in patients with oligoarticular psoriatic arthritis (PsA) for their correlation with treatment decisions and to determine the proportion of patients in whom active disease was missed using reduced joint counts.MethodsThe international Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Composite Exercise cohort was used for this study. Oligoarthritis was defined as <5 tender and/or swollen joints. At baseline, a tender joint count (TJC) using 68 joints and a swollen joint count (SJC) using 66 joints (66/68‐joint counts) were assessed. Reduced joint counts designed for use in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), including 28‐ and 44‐joint counts, were analyzed. In addition, the following proposed joint counts for PsA were tested: the PsA‐44 (which includes elbows, wrists, metacarpophalangeal joints, finger proximal interphalangeal [PIP] joints, distal interphalangeal joints, knees, and metatarsophalangeal joints) and the PsA‐56 (which includes the same joints as those assessed for the PsA‐44 plus ankles and toe PIP joints). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess whether joint counts predict treatment changes. The proportion of patients in whom active disease was missed using reduced joint counts designed for RA was also assessed.ResultsAmong 503 patients recruited to the study, 266 (53%) had oligoarthritis. ROC curve analysis revealed that no TJC or active joint count (AJC), even a 66/68‐joint count, predicted treatment change (for the TJC, area under the curve [AUC] 0.57, P = 0.125; for the AJC, AUC 0.56, P = 0.159). Use of the SJC in 66 joints did predict treatment change (AUC 0.62, P = 0.006), as did the SJC using the PsA‐44 and the PsA‐56 (P < 0.03). Neither of the reduced joint counts designed for RA predicted treatment change. A 28‐joint count designed for RA missed 21% of patients with tender joints (n = 29) and 27% of patients with swollen joints (n = 23). The PsA‐44 and PsA‐56 joint counts missed tender joints in 25 patients and 13 patients, respectively, and missed swollen joints in 11 patients and 2 patients, respectively.ConclusionPatients with oligoarticular PsA cannot be accurately assessed for active disease using reduced joint counts designed for RA. Full 66/68‐joint counts should be performed to assess patients with PsA.
Comparison of Alternative Primary Outcome Measures for Use in Lupus Nephritis Clinical Trials
Authors: Wofsy David , Hillson Jan L. , Diamond Betty 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveClinical trials of therapies for lupus nephritis have used many different primary outcome measures, ranging from complete response to time to end‐stage renal disease. The objective of this study was to compare several possible outcome measures, using data from a large, multicenter trial of abatacept in lupus nephritis, to gain insight into which outcome measure, if any, was best able to discern differences among treatment groups.MethodsStudy patients received either abatacept or placebo, on a background of mycophenolate mofetil and glucocorticoids. Using data from this trial, the following primary outcome measures at 24 and 52 weeks were compared: complete response rate, major clinical response rate, total response rate (complete plus partial response), improvement in proteinuria, improvement in estimated glomerular filtration rate, and frequency of treatment failure. Time to complete response was also evaluated.ResultsComplete response rate, major clinical response rate, and time to complete response were the measures that best discriminated between the abatacept groups and placebo, and the sensitivities of these 3 measures were comparable. For these measures, sample sizes of 50 patients would have been sufficient to demonstrate a statistically significant difference between treatment and control at 52 weeks. Each of the other measures also discriminated between treatment and control, but much larger group sizes would have been required to determine statistical significance.ConclusionThe choice of primary outcome measure can substantially influence the ability to detect therapeutic benefit in lupus nephritis trials. This study suggests that complete response rate, major clinical response rate at 52 weeks, and time to complete response may be the most sensitive outcome measures for detecting differences among therapeutic regimens.
Further Enhancement of the Second‐Order Nonlinear Optical (NLO) Coefficient and the Stability of NLO Polymers that Contain Isolation Chromophore Moieties by Using the “Suitable Isolation Group” Concept and the Ar/ArF Self‐Assembly Effect
Authors: Wu Wenbo , Ye Cheng , Qin Jingui , Li Zhen 
Published: March 2013

AbstractFor the first time, a series of second‐order NLO poly(arylene‐ethynylene)s, in which an isolation chromophore was introduced to enhance the NLO coefficients, were successfully designed and synthesized. Thanks to the isolation chromophore, these polymers demonstrated good NLO activities and optical transparency. To further improve the comprehensive performance of the polymers, different isolation groups of various sizes were introduced to subtly modify the structure of the polymers according to the “suitable isolation group” concept. The naphthalene (Np) group was found to be a “suitable isolation group” in this series of polymers and polymer P3 demonstrated the highest d33 value (122.1 pm V−1) of these five polymers. Interestingly, polymer P5, which contained a pentafluorophenyl ring as an isolation group, exhibited a much higher NLO effect and stability than polymer P2, which just contained normal phenyl rings as isolation groups (97.2 versus 62.5 pm V−1), thus indicating the advantages of the ArArF self‐assembly effect in the field of non‐linear optics.
Fractional Order Controller Design for A Flexible Link Manipulator Robot
Authors: Delavari Hadi , Lanusse Patrick , Sabatier Jocelyn 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn this paper a novel controller for a flexible link manipulator based on fractional calculus is proposed. A hybrid system that combines the advantages in terms of robustness of the fractional control and the sliding mode control is proposed. Due to adding the extra degree of freedom, the fractional order sliding mode controller can achieve better control performance than the integer order sliding mode controller. For the problem of determining the design parameters, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used. The proposed controller is applied for a single‐link flexible manipulator robot. Finally, the performance and the significance of the closed loop system are investigated. The simulation results signify the performance of the proposed controller.
The Addressing Fragment of Mitogaligin: First Insights into Functional and Structural Properties
Authors: Senille Violette , Lelievre Dominique , Paquet Françoise , Garnier Norbert , Lamb Ned , Legrand Alain , Delmas Agnès F. , Landon Céline 
Published: March 2013

AbstractMitogaligin is a mitochondrion‐targeting protein involved in cell death. The sequence of the protein is unrelated to that of any known pro‐ or antiapoptotic protein. Mitochondrial targeting is controlled by an internal sequence from residues 31 to 53, and although this sequence is essential and sufficient to provoke cell death, the precise mechanism of action at the mitochondrial membrane remains to be elucidated. Here, by focusing on the [31–53] fragment, we first assessed and confirmed its cell cytotoxicity by microinjection. Subsequently, with the aid of membrane models, we evaluated the impact of the membrane environment on the 3D structure of the peptide and on how the peptide is embedded and oriented within membranes. The fragment is well organized, even though it does not contain a canonical secondary structure, and adopts an interfacial location. Structural comparison with other membrane‐interacting Trp‐rich peptides demonstrated similarities with the antimicrobial peptide tritrpcidin.
Interplay Between Bromine and Iodine in Oxidative Dehydrogenation
Authors: Ding Kunlun , Metiu Horia , Stucky Galen D. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractOxidative dehydrogenation is a promising way to produce olefins, diolefins and aromatics. However, the product yield is limited by the consecutive oxidation of the product to oxygenated products. The highest yield reported for propane oxidative dehydrogenation is only about 30 %. Alternatively, halogens can be used as oxidants in oxidative dehydrogenations. Although the iodine process is highly selective, it requires very high reaction temperatures (≈900 K) to give a good yield of C3H6+C3H7I, and iodine is too expensive for industrial deployment. Bromine is a more reactive oxidant but less selective towards C3H6 and C3H7Br. We show that the use of bromine–iodine mixtures with low iodine content (no greater than 20 %) results in up to 80 % of C3H6+C3H7X single‐pass yield at moderate reaction temperatures (<800 K). The results are promising for developing a low temperature on‐purpose propylene technology. Furthermore, the underlying chemistry might be extended to the synthesis of many other commercially desirable unsaturated hydrocarbons.
ChemInform Abstract: Complex Anion Inclusion Compounds: Flexible Anion‐Exchange Materials.
Authors: Williams Edward R. , Leithall Rebecca M. , Raja Robert , Weller Mark T. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA series of materials of general formula AxCu6 (P2O7)4Clx‐6(TX4) (A: K, Rb, Cs, NH4; T: P, Cu, Pd, Pt, Au; X: (O,OH), Cl, Br; x = 7, 9) are hydrothermally synthesized (autoclave, 448—493 K, 2 d) and characterized by powder and single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Maximum Hydrogen Chemisorption on KL Zeolite Supported Pt Clusters.
Authors: Jensen Christopher , Buck Doris , Dilger Herbert , Bauer Matthias , Phillipp Fritz , Roduner Emil 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPt clusters supported on KL zeolites are prepared by aqueous ion exchange with [Pt(NH3)4]Cl and characterized by EPR spectroscopy, HRTEM, and EXAFS.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct C—H Functionalization of Enamides and Enecarbamates by Using Visible‐Light Photoredox Catalysis.
Authors: Jiang Heng , Huang Chengmei , Guo Jiajia , Zeng Chuanqi , Zhang Yan , Yu Shouyun 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe reactions are carried out using a 3 W blue strip light.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Perfluoroalkanoylcyclopentane‐1,3‐diones. Synthesis and Some Transformations.
Authors: Khlebnikova T. S. , Piven' Yu. A. , Isakova V. G. , Lakhvich F. A. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe title compounds (III) are synthesized for the first time by acylation of cyclopentane‐1,3‐dione (I) with perfluorocarboxylic acids in the presence of CDI or with perfluorocarboxylic anhydrides in the presence of imidazole.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Mono‐α‐arylation of Carbonyl‐Containing Compounds with Aryl Halides Using DalPhos Ligands.
Authors: Crawford Sarah M. , Alsabeh Pamela G. , Stradiotto Mark 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAryl methyl ketones, heteroaryl methyl ketones, propiophenones, malonates, and methoxyacetone can be α‐arylated with aryl halides or heteroaryl halides under relatively mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclometallated Pd(II) Thiosemicarbazone Complexes: New Catalyst Precursors for Suzuki‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Yan Hong , Chellan Prinessa , Li Tingyi , Mao Jincheng , Chibale Kelly , Smith Gregory S. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA ferrocene containing thiosemicarbazone complex is described as novel catalyst for the Suzuki‐coupling of aryl bromides and p‐chloronitrobenzene.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Nucleophilic Multifunctional Chiral Phosphane‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Intramolecular Rauhut—Currier Reaction.
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Nan , Shi Min 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe novel title catalyst enables facile access to corresponding cyclopentene and cyclohexene derivatives under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Route to Benzo[a]fluorenes via a Palladium‐Catalyzed Reaction of 2‐Alkynylbromobenzene with 2‐(2‐Alkynylphenyl)malonate.
Authors: Luo Yong , Pan Xiaolin , Wu Jie 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAn efficient tandem one‐pot procedure with the formation of three C—C bonds for the synthesis of the title compounds is developed from easily available starting materials.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Highly Efficient Synthesis of Tetracenes and Pentacenes.
Authors: Chen Ming , Chen Yifeng , Liu Yuanhong 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA novel Pd‐catalyzed cascade reaction for the synthesis of linear polyacenes, e.g. (III), (IV)/(V) and (VII), from bis(propargylic carbonates) and organoboronic acids is described.