bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Symptom Reduction and Remission Among People with Anxiety: Secondary Analyses from a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ustrup Marte , Christensen Thomas , Curth Nadja Kehler , Heine Kimmie , Bojesen Anders Bo , Eplov Lene Falgaard 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite the substantial disease burden of anxiety disorders, only limited or conflicting data on prognostic factors is available. Most studies include patients in the secondary healthcare sector thus, the generalizability of findings is limited. The present study examines predictors of symptom reduction and remission in patients with anxiety disorders in a primary care setting. 214 patients with anxiety disorders, recruited as part of the Collabri Flex trial, were included in secondary analyses. Data on potential predictors of anxiety symptoms at 6-month follow-up was collected at baseline, including patient characteristics related to demography, illness, comorbidity, functional level, life quality, and self-efficacy. The outcomes were symptom reduction and remission. Univariate and multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the associations between predictor variables and the outcome, and machine-learning methods were also applied. In multiple linear regression analysis, anxiety severity at baseline (β = -6.05, 95% CI = -7.54,-4.56, p < 0.001) and general psychological problems and symptoms of psychopathology (SCL-90-R score) (β = 2.19, 95% CI = 0.24,4.14, p = 0.028) were significantly associated with symptom change at 6 months. Moreover, self-efficacy was associated with the outcome, however no longer significant in the multiple regression model. In multiple logistic regression analysis, anxiety severity at baseline (OR = 0.54, 95% CI = -1.13,-0.12, p = 0.018) was significantly associated with remission at 6 months. There was no predictive performance of the machine-learning models. Our study contributes with information that could be valuable knowledge for managing anxiety disorders in primary care.
Understanding factors impacting patient-reported outcome measures integration in routine clinical practice: an umbrella review
Authors: Anderson Michael , van Kessel Robin , Wood Eleanor , Stokes Adam , Fistein Jon , Porter Ian , Mossialos Elias , Valderas Jose M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Patient-report outcome measures (PROMs) have gained widespread support as a mechanism to improve healthcare quality. We aimed to map out key enablers and barriers influencing PROMs implementation strategies in routine clinical practice.

Methods
An umbrella review was conducted to identify reviews exploring enablers and barriers related to the integration of PROMs in routine clinical practice from January 2000 to June 2023. Information on key enablers and barriers was extracted and summarised thematically according to the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Results
34 reviews met our criteria for inclusion. Identified reviews highlighted barriers such as limited PROMs awareness among clinicians and patients, perceived low value by clinicians and patients, PROMs that were too complex or difficult for patients to complete, poor usability of PROMs systems, delayed feedback of PROMs data, clinician concerns related to use of PROMs as a performance management tool, patient concerns regarding privacy and security, and resource constraints. Enablers encompassed phased implementation, professional training, stakeholder engagement prior to implementation, clear strategies and goals, ‘change champions’ to support PROMs implementation, systems to respond to issues raised by PROMs, and integration into patient pathways. No consensus favoured paper or electronic PROMs, yet offering both options to mitigate digital literacy bias and integrating PROMs into electronic health records emerged as important facilitators.

Conclusions
The sustainable implementation of PROMs is a complex process that requires multicomponent organisational strategies covering training and guidance, necessary time and resources, roles and responsibilities, and consultation with patients and clinicians.
The stock market boosts its rewards for increasing earnings patterns
Authors: Chen Yu-An , Palmon Dan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Barth et al. (J Account Res 37:387–413, 1999. https://doi.org/10.2307/2491414) find that the market rewards firms showing increasing earnings patterns with larger price-earnings multiples from 1982 to 1992. This paper examines whether the rewards for increasing earnings patterns have changed since then. The declining relevance of accounting earnings for equity valuation or accounting scandals in the early 2000s would predict a lower valuation for earnings numbers. On the other hand, earnings-related disclosures and post-scandal regulatory efforts, such as the Sarbanes–Oxley Act (SOX), may boost earnings relevance and restore investor confidence in the accounting system, predicting increased rewards for increasing earnings patterns. We find that the earnings multiples for firms with increasing earnings patterns decrease temporarily in the years with major accounting scandals, but the market boosts its rewards to firms showing increasing earnings patterns in the reshaped reporting environment after 1993, and SOX is associated with this boost.
Aesthetics of Trademarks with an Asian Flavour
Authors: Łągiewska Magdalena 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTrademarks should be considered not only as an intellectual property right but also as aesthetic creations influenced by various philosophies. A trademark can thus be understood as a word, a phrase, a symbol, a shape, a configuration or any other device introduced to distinguish the products of individual traders or manufacturers. Trademarks also have an aesthetic dimension. This means that aesthetics of trademarks can be revealed through the letters and morphemes as well as their literary, mythological, and religious associations. Trademarks play a crucial role in some commercial sectors. The aim of this article is therefore to present the aesthetics of trademarks through the lens of East Asian philosophies such as Confucianism and Daoism, as well as Japanese Zen. This analysis brings us to considerations of traditional aesthetic functionality. This means that the brand is the main decorative feature of the product or is the product itself. It can therefore be influenced by different philosophies, and the above cases even confirm this theory.
Against global aims for science: values, epistemic priority, and a local aims approach
Authors: Lusk Greg , Elliott Kevin C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPhilosophers commonly make claims about the aims of science, and these claims have played a significant role in debates about topics like scientific realism, modeling, and idealization. Nevertheless, there has been little discussion about the basis for those aims or the source of justification for claims about those aims. We use recent debates about the appropriate roles for values in science to bring this lack of discussion to the fore. These debates raise the question of whether there are global aims that apply to all areas of science. In response to this question, we examine a variety of different ways of conceptualizing the aims of science and conclude that no matter how one conceptualizes them, there do not appear to be convincing arguments for the view that science has global aims that constrain the influence of local aims on scientific practice. Thus, we place the burden of proof on those who claim that science has one or more global aims of this sort to show how those aims can be justified. Furthermore, we develop an account of scientific normativity that relies solely on local aims. When applied to debates about values in science, this view vindicates the cogency of what we call an “equal aims” approach to managing roles for values in science. Abandoning global aims might seem to raise the potential for epistemic corruption in science, but we argue that this concern is not compelling. We conclude that a local conception of scientific aims provides the foundation for a highly naturalized and engaged approach to the philosophy of science.
A logic of trust-based beliefs
Authors: Jiang Junli , Naumov Pavel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTraditionally, knowledge and beliefs are attributed to agents. The article explores an alternative approach where knowledge is informed by data and belief comes from trust in, not necessarily reliable, data. At the core of the article is the modality “if one dataset is trusted, then another dataset informs a belief”. The main technical result is a sound and complete logical system capturing the properties of this modality and its connection with functional dependency between datasets.
Assessment of Models for Nonlinear Oscillatory Flow Through a Hexagonal Sphere Pack
Authors: Unglehrt Lukas , Manhart Michael 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe review models for unsteady porous media flow in the volume-averaging framework and we discuss the theoretical relations between the models and the definition of the model coefficients (and the uncertainty therein). The different models are compared against direct numerical simulations of oscillatory flow through a hexagonal sphere pack. The model constants are determined based on their definition in terms of the Stokes flow, the potential flow and steady nonlinear flow. Thus, the discrepancies between the model predictions and the simulation data can be attributed to shortcomings of the models’ parametrisation. We found that an extension of the dynamic permeability model of Pride et al. (PRB 47(9):4964–4978, 1993) with a Forchheimer-type nonlinearity performs very well for linear flow and for nonlinear flow at low and medium frequencies, but the Forchheimer term with a coefficient obtained from the steady-state overpredicts the nonlinear drag at high frequencies. The model reduces to the unsteady Forchheimer equation with an acceleration coefficient based on the static viscous tortuosity for low frequencies. The unsteady Forchheimer equation with an acceleration coefficient based on the high-frequency limit of the dynamic tortuosity has large errors for linear flow at medium and high frequencies, but low errors for nonlinear flow at all frequencies. This is explained by an error cancellation between the inertial and the nonlinear drag.
Taking Issue with Le Poidevin’s New Agnosticism
Authors: Palmqvist Carl-Johan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLe Poidevin’s ‘new agnosticism’ concerns partaking in religious life while being uncertain whether religious discourse is fictional or not. Le Poidevin has offered two distinct versions of the new agnosticism, ‘semantic agnosticism’ and ‘meta-linguistic agnosticism’. I suggest that the first, ‘semantic agnosticism’, should be rejected, mainly because it involves a highly questionable view of truth and fails to properly distinguish fictional existence from real existence. The second, ‘meta-linguistic agnosticism’ seems acceptable as a view of religious discourse but not as a foundation for a religious life. A meta-linguistic agnostic will not be able to take the proper attitude towards religious propositions, since what is the proper attitude varies greatly between realism and fictionalism. Even more importantly, she will not know when it is rationally permissible to perform religious actions, because she will not know whether real-life concerns should take precedence or not. Le Poidevin’s meta-linguistic agnostic is also a truth-agnostic, and I conclude that adding meta-linguistic agnosticism to truth-agnosticism only complicates matters without offering any benefits.
Reducing recurrence rates in hiatal hernia repair: Results of a quality improvement study
Authors: Staunton Laura M. , Bolger Jarlath C. , Ahmed Rakesh , Butt Waqas T. , Reynolds John V. , Ravi Narayanasamy , Donohoe Claire L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Patient and procedure factors are considered in the decision-making process for surgical repair of hiatal hernias. Recurrence is multi-factorial and has been shown to be related to size, type, BMI and age.

Aims
This study examined recurrence rates in a single institution, identified areas for improved surgical technique, and re-assessed recurrence following implantation of a quality improvement initiative.

Methods
A retrospective review of patients undergoing hiatal hernia repair surgery between 2018 and 2022 was conducted. Demographics, pre-operative characteristics, intra-operative procedures and recurrence rates were reviewed.

Results
Seventy-five patients from 2018 to 2020 and 34 patients from 2021 to 2022 were identified. The recurrence rate was 21% in 2018–2020, with 14% requiring a revisional procedure. Recurrence and re-operation were subsequently reduced to 6% in 2021 and 2022, which was statistically significant (p = 0.043). There was an increase in gastropexy from 21% to 41% following the review (p = 0.032), which was mainly reserved for large and giant hernias. Procedural and literature review, alongside gastropexy, can be attributed to recurrence rate reduction.

Conclusions
It is important to educate patients on the likelihood and risk factors of recurrence. A comprehensive review of procedures and a quality improvement program in our facility for hiatal hernia repair is shown to reduce recurrence.
The EU at War: After Two Years
Authors: Streeck Wolfgang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe paper explores the role of the European Union (EU) in the war in Ukraine, from the run-up of the war to its impact on the EU’s future structure and functions, within Europe and globally. It begins with an account of the condition of the EU before the war, which it describes as overextended and stagnant with respect to the EU’s proclaimed finalité, the “ever closer union of the peoples of Europe.” Next, it recounts the use of the EU in early American attempts to include Ukraine in the East European enlargement of NATO, with EU membership as a reward for Ukrainian Westernization. To the EU leadership, this presented an opportunity to revive older, by then largely failed attempts at supranational unification and centralization, by offering to the United States to serve as its transatlantic base for its Ukrainian strategy. Following this, the paper explores the consequences for the EU and its stronger member states of the impending American withdrawal from the Ukrainian war theater, as the US turns to its conflict with China. The final section discusses the conditions under which Europe, the European states, and the EU can hope for some kind of strategic and political autonomy in the emerging new New World Order.
Look at me! The museographic project beneath the Italian Museum of Planetary Sciences in Prato (Italy)
Authors: Pratesi Giovanni , Franza Annarita , Morelli Marco , Papi Piero Roberto 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDesigning museum exhibitions is a hot topic for architects, designers, museologists, and scholars since museography represents a powerful tool for valorizing collections, promoting education, communicating cultural values, and ensuring suitable conservation conditions for the exhibited specimens. This is especially true for museums displaying authentic objects which are conveyors of scientific, cultural, social, and ethical values. In particular, natural history and science museums often compete with the leisure industry, and thus their museographic solutions have to meet more and more demanding requirements to increase visitor engagement. This paper describes the museographic concepts beneath the Italian Museum of Planetary Sciences in Prato (Italy, hereinafter MISP). MISP is the only museum in Italy entirely devoted to illustrating planetary sciences and displays important collections of extraterrestrial materials (meteorites, tektites, and impactites). The exhibition layout, characterized by a continuous wall belt design, recalls the outer space while providing non-invasive visual means to improve visitors’ emotional engagement with the displayed specimens. MISP museographic strategies also outline the importance of spatial designs and transpositions focusing on the illustration of the exhibited collections, thus going against some current museographic practices emphasizing, for example, the use of augmented reality and digital stimuli.
Graphical abstract
Reviewing the science on 50 years of conservation: Knowledge production biases and lessons for practice
Authors: Dawson Neil M. , Coolsaet Brendan , Bhardwaj Aditi , Brown David , Lliso Bosco , Loos Jacqueline , Mannocci Laura , Martin Adrian , Oliva Malena , Pascual Unai , Sherpa Pasang , Worsdell Thomas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDrawing on 662 studies from 102 countries, we present a systematic review of published empirical studies about site-level biodiversity conservation initiated between 1970 and 2019. Within this sample, we find that knowledge production about the Global South is largely produced by researchers in the Global North, implying a neocolonial power dynamic. We also find evidence of bias in reported ecological outcomes linked to lack of independence in scientific studies, serving to uphold narratives about who should lead conservation. We explore relationships in the sample studies between conservation initiative types, the extent of Indigenous Peoples’ and local communities’ influence in governance, and reported social and ecological outcomes. Findings reveal positive ecological and social outcomes are strongly associated with higher levels of influence of Indigenous Peoples and local communities and their institutions, implying equity in conservation practice should be advanced not only for moral reasons, but because it can enhance conservation effectiveness.
Anrechnung von Bildungsleistungen in der höheren Berufsbildung. Rahmenbedingungen und Anrechnungspraxis an Höheren Fachschulen in der Schweiz
Authors: Engelage Sonja , Baumeler Carmen , Salzmann Patrizia , Hämmerli Christine 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Ausrichtung der Berufsbildung auf das lebenslange Lernen und die Entwicklung von Verfahren zur Anrechnung von bereits erworbenen Fähigkeiten und Kompetenzen an die formalen Berufsbildungsangebote sind wichtige Ziele von Bund und Kantonen in der Schweiz. Bisher ist wenig über die Anrechnung von Bildungsleistungen in der höheren Berufsbildung bekannt. Die Studie beleuchtet die Anrechnungspraxis von Bildungsleistungen an Höheren Fachschulen (HF), die sich mit ihren Bildungsgängen an Studierende mit Berufserfahrung richten. Das sind Personen, die über non-formale und/oder informelle Kompetenzen verfügen, die für eine Anerkennung bei der Zulassung oder eine Anrechnung an das Studium relevant sein können. Anhand ausgewählter Fälle wird untersucht, welchen Spielraum HF bei der Anrechnung haben und warum einige HF selbst kleine Spielräume nutzen, während andere trotz vorhandener Möglichkeiten die Anrechnung von Bildungsleistungen ablehnen. Bei der Analyse werden die Konzepte der Grenzarbeit und der Organisationslogik in die Interpretation der Ergebnisse einbezogen. Die Resultate zeigen, dass die Anrechnungspraxis von Bildungsleistungen mit dem Selbstverständnis der Bildungsorganisationen und der Situation auf den Zielarbeitsmärkten zusammenhängt. In einem konkurrenzierten Bildungsumfeld kann aus Sicht der HF eine begrenzte Anrechnungspraxis sinnvoll sein, um sich zu profilieren. Andererseits können HF selbst in stark reglementierten Berufsfeldern Bildungsgänge für spezifische Bildungsgruppen schaffen, die bei angespannter Arbeitsmarktlage helfen, den Fachkräftemangel zu entschärfen.
Vermifiltration: an opportunity to improve wastewater treatment—a sustainable and natural approach
Authors: Banerjee Sangeeta , Madhogaria Barkha , Saha Oishi , kundu Atreyee , Dhak Prasanta 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUrbanization and industrialization in this modern time actually cause less availability of daily based water. In searching of a preferable solution to overcome this critical problem, waste water treatment seems to be considered as a much valuable option for reusing water. For this, sewage water treatment plants (STPs) are widely used. But this solution is actually ironical, as STP treatment causes hazardous damage to the environment in treating waste water. This system needs lots of harmful chemicals, high energy, and high build-up to operate the process. But a newly considered technology has come to counteract all these problems of STPs and the method is ‘Vermifiltration’. In this technique, earthworms are used to treat waste water. Earthworm’s body acts as biofilter and it can reduce higher percentage of BOD, COD, TSS from the waste water compared to the STPs. Earthworms eat up the sewage, making them treated, neutralized, and non-harmful and finally excrete them with several useful microorganisms. The symbiotic activity between earthworms and microorganisms works to filter the waste water. This method is completely odour less and harmless. No sludge is formed. With having all these characteristics, vermifiltration becomes much better option for the environment. In this review, the method of vermifiltration, its limiting factors, utilization and future developments are properly discussed.
Skin Lesion Prediction and Classification Using Innovative Modified Long Short-Term Memory-Based Hybrid Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Gomathi S. , Arunachalam N. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIdentification of pigmented skin lesions is necessary for the detection of severe diseases associated with the skin organ, notably malignancy. Accurate skin cancer diagnosis can be improved with the use of image detection approaches and computer classification skills. Therefore, this research work plans to perform skin lesion prediction and classification using a novel deep learning methodology. Initially, the data related to the skin lesion are gathered from the ISIC dataset. After collecting the images, the pre-processing is performed using hair removal and filtering hair removed images via median filtering. These pre-processed images undergo segmentation process accomplished using the U-Net method. Next, the features are extracted from these segmented images with the help of color features, and texture features by GLCM and RGB histogram features. These extracted features undergo the prediction phase that is accomplished using the MLSTM model, in which the parameter optimization is done by the nature inspired novel hybrid metaheuristic algorithm referred as SC-STBO algorithm with the consideration of accuracy maximization and RMSE minimization as the major fitness for the objective function. If the predicted output is returned as the presence of skin lesion, the same novel MLSTM model classifies the final skin lesion output into seven types, such as Vascular Lesions, Melanocytic Nevi, Melanoma, Dermatofibroma, Benign Keratosis-like Lesions, BCC, and Actinic Keratoses, respectively. Seven groups of skin diseases can be identified early thanks to the suggested effort, which can then be tested and properly handled by medical professionals. With an accuracy of 0.9931, the recommended methodology clearly outperforms traditional techniques. Similarly, the suggested methodology clearly beats the conventional methods, with a recall of 0.9825.