bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mindfulness possibilities in the treatment of chronic headaches
Authors: Perczel-Forintos D. , Sal D. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionHeadache is a very common health problem worldwide and in our country due to the increasing environmental damage and daily stress. The proportion of patients with headache in general practice is 4-5%, in neurology up to 30%. Chronic headache as a persistent stressor exhausts the body through central sensitisation, which can lead to the consolidation of maladaptive coping strategies such as avoidance, feelings of loss of control, catastrophising pain. This can lead to a deterioration in quality of life and depression also. The effectiveness of pharmacotherapy in coping with chronic pain is limited, so attention should be paid to modifying maladaptive pain behaviour, as recommended by the NICE guidelines. The international literature shows that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has been shown to be effective in the management of chronic headache, primarily in improving quality of life, increasing self-efficacy and reducing pain catastrophisation and depression (Hunt et al., 2022).ObjectivesOur first objective was to introduce mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in Hungary to patients suffering from chronic headache. Secondly, we wanted to measure the impact of the method on quality of life, coping with pain and depression.MethodsN=28 patients, suffering from chronic headaches (tension headache and migraine) participated in the study at the Department of Clinical Psychology, Semmelweis University (BNO: G430, G431, G442). Selection criteria were: referral from a neurologist, age 18-65. The intervention was an 8-session mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for pain (Day, 2017) led by an MBCT teacher and a clinical psychology resident. Before the intervention, all patients had an individual first interview and filled in the questonnaires. Measures: Beck Depression Questionnaire, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Comprehensive Headache-related Quality of life Questionnaire, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire.ResultsAfter the intervention, there was a significant reduction in the negative impact of pain on quality of life (p<0.05, Cohen’s d=0.6), pain catastrophization (p<0.01, Cohen’s d=0.74), and depression (p<0.001, Cohen’s d=0.84). In addition, several sub-factors of mindfulness increased, including non-reactivity and being non-judgemental (p<0.05, Cohen’s d=0.57), as well as adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies (p<0.05, Cohen’s d=0.49).ConclusionsWe can conclude, that in line with international findings, MBCT has been shown to be effective in reducing the negative impact of depressive symptoms, pain catastrophisation and headache on quality of life, and in helping people to cope with pain more adaptively, primarily through the acquisition of mindfulness skills.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The Impact of Insecure Attachment on Social Functioning in Women with Schizophrenia
Authors: Walha S. , Chaari I. , Mellouli A. , Samet A. , Aribi L. , Charfeddine F. , Mseddi N. , Aloulou J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAttachment styles is intrinsically related to the capacity for forming close social bonds, making it a vital lens through which to understand social functioning.ObjectivesThis study investigates the link between attachment styles and social functioning among women diagnosed with schizophrenia.MethodsWe carried out a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study from May to June 2023, focusing on stabilized female patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. The study took place in the ‘B’ psychiatry department of Hedi Chaker University Hospital in Sfax, Tunisia. Data on attachment styles and social functioning were collected using self-report questionnaires: the Revised Psychosis Attachment Measure (PAM_R) and the Social Functioning Scale (SFS). In our study, we employed both the Wilcoxon test for paired samples and the Spearman correlation test to assess the differences and correlations between attachment scores and social functioning scores, respectively.ResultsIn the study, 41 female patients were included. The participants had a mean age of 49.19, ranging from 19 to 79 years old. Attachment styles were predominantly avoidant (60.97%), followed by anxious (24.39%) and disorganized (14.63%). A significant portion, 39%, exhibited low social functioning. The domains most affected were leisure (63.41%) and employment (60.97%). Our analysis revealed negative correlations between avoidant attachment and social functioning in leisure activities (Spearman’s ρ = -0.057, p < 0.05) as well as between avoidant attachment and independence performance (Spearman’s ρ = -0.040, p < 0.05). Also, the correlation coefficient for anxious attachment and leisure activities is 0.041, demonstrating a positive association (p < 0.005).ConclusionsThese initial findings may imply a potential association between attachment styles and social functioning in schizophrenia.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Determinants of hospital length of stay for patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Turki M. , Barkallah M. , Boussaid N. , labyadh A. , Ellouze S. , Halouani N. , Aloulou J. 
Published: August 2024

Introductionrelapse and frequent rehospitalizations. The length of stay (LOS) of these patients has been a concern of researchers. The ability to identify determinants of LOS at admission – and, thus, identify patients who are likely to need a longer stay early on – may help treatment planning.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate socio-demographic and clinical profile of inpatients with schizophrenia, and to identify factors associated with LOS.MethodsIt was a retrospective study carried out among 90 inpatients with schizophrenia admitted to the psychiatry “B” department, Hedi Chaker university hospital (Sfax, Tunisia), during the period between January 2015 and December 2019. Data collection was performed through the patients’ medical records. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.25.ResultsThe mean age of our patients was 32 years. Among them, 57.78% were women. The mean LOS was 28 days. Factors found to be significantly associated with LOS were: the number of admissions (p<0.001, r=0.404), involuntary hospitalization (p=0.001), violence and disturbance of public order as a reason of admission (p < 0001) and the lack of social support (p=0.039). As for the clinical symptoms, hallucinations were significantly associated with a longer LOS (p=0.001).Conclusions
Our findings highlighted several factors associated with a longer LOS. This may be helpful to the management of hospitalization and ensuring that any periods of liberty deprivation do not last longer than necessary to provide appropriate treatment.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Differences in the dynamics of schizophrenia with the formation of episodic and persistent apathetic depressions
Authors: Barkhatova A. , Sorokin S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionApathy in endogenous depressions is a complex mental phenomenon (it is characterized by indifference and loss of interests, reduced incentives and motivation, decreased mental and physical activity). Apathy becomes the cause of pronounced social maladaptation and untimely seeking medical help. Different depressions vary in psychopathological features of apathy, in addition, there are also different dimensions of the general dynamics of endogenous disease.ObjectivesStudy of the features of the course of schizophrenia, in which apathetic depressions develop with episodic and persistent type of dynamicsMethodsThe study included 36 patients (15 men, 21 women, average age 34.9 years) with schizophrenia. In 17 cases, apathetic depressions occurred as short-term episodes, in 19 cases, depression took a persistent (close to chronic) course.Results
Schizophrenia with an episodic type of dynamics of apathetic depressions was characterized by: the predominance of cases with early onset of the disease; alternation of apathetic and other type depressions; equal occurrence of mono- and bipolar types of desease; low severity of negative symptoms and slight changes in social and labor functioning. Apathy has always been present during the whole lenght of depression, its picture was dominated by a motivational decline. The studied cases were prognostically favorable. The features of the course of schizophrenia with chronic apathetic depression were: hyperthymic (10 out of 19 observations) and sensitive schizoid (6 out of 19 observations) premorbid personality; bipolar forms of the disease (94.7%, p < 0.05); the predominance of apathetic depression over other depression types, atypical form of depression; short duration of remissions; frequent course of the disease with the presence of only apathetic depressions (12 out of 19, 63.1%, p < 0.05); significant severity of negative symptoms. Apathy occupied only as a part of the duration of the state, as a rule, after anxiety depression. The picture of apathy was dominated by a decrease in initiative or motivation. This clinical group is the most prognostically unfavorable.ConclusionsSchizophrenia, occurring with the presence of persistent forms of apathetic depression, has a greater impact on the functioning of patients and has a less favorable prognosis.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Delusion of pregnancy - what the literature says?
Authors: Figueiredo I. M. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Delusion of pregnancy (DP) is a false and persistent belief of being pregnant despite realistic evidence to the contrary. Being considered a rare phenomenon, more cases of DP have been reported lately, however the literature about this topic is still scarce.ObjectivesClarify the etiology and clinical aspects of this pathology in order to diagnose and to treat it properly.MethodsA search on Pubmed was performed using the MeSH terms “delusion pregnancy” or “pseudocyesis”. The DSM-5 and ICD-10 were also a source of information.ResultsDP can be sometimes confused with other disorders, like pseudocyesis, pseudo-pregnancy and Couvade syndrome, but it is important to differentiate all of them to have a clear view of the pathology and follow a correct approach to the problem.DP can manifest isolatedly, but it is more commonly associated with other diseases. Etiologically, several factors can intercede: biological, psychosocial and cultural factors, iatrogenic factors and coenaesthesis processes.Demographically, about 50% of the patients are 20-40 years old and the most common psychiatric diagnoses are schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression.
Concerning the treatment, it is essential to exclude non-psychiatric causes and treat those, if present. After doing so, the therapeutical approach can be non-pharmacological, using psychotherapy or electroconvulsive therapy, although the latter has inconclusive results and sometimes it only remits the comorbid depressive symptoms; or pharmacological using 2nd generation antipsychotics.In general, there is now a good response in 50-64% of the cases (Bera and Sakar,
Indian J Psychol Med 2015;37(2)131-137) (Yadov et al,
Indian J Psychol Med 2012;34(1) 82-84).ConclusionsDP can be a psychiatric diagnosis itself or a manifestation of other psychiatric or non-psychiatric disorder so we must be allert to make a precise differential diagnosis. Its genesis is multifactorial and that must be taken into account when thinking about its treatment approach.In the past, the prognosis of the DP wasn’t good, but in the recent literature it was found a good response in more than half of the patients treated accordingly.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Insight and cognitive complaints in stabilized outpatients with schizophrenia
Authors: Ajmi S. , Bouhamed M. , Ouali R. , Hentati S. , Feki I. , Sallemi R. , Masmoudi J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSchizophrenia is often considered as pathology of consciousness. Some authors have considered that patients’ self-perception of their cognitive difficulties expressed in the form of subjective complaints could represent a source of stress. These cognitive difficulties may then interfere with the interpretation of symptoms, leading to poor insight.Insight and cognitive complaints in stabilized outpatients with schizophrenia.ObjectivesStudy the relationship between subjective cognitive complaints and clinical insight in a Tunisian population with schizophrenia.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study carried out on 72 stabilized patients followed at the post-cure psychiatry consultation ‘A’ at the CHU Hédi Chaker in Sfax diagnosed with schizophrenia according to the DSM 5 criteria.We used the schedule for the Assessment of Insight–Expanded Version(SAI-E) scale to assess Clinical Insight and the Subjective Scale to Investigate Cognition in Schizophrenia (SSTICS) to determine subjective cognitive complaintsResultsThe mean age of the patients was 46.83 ± 11.6 years, with a sex ratio (M/F) of 2. In our study, 48.5% were single and 69.4% were unemployed.The median total SSTICS score was 25.Using the SAI-E scale, an average score of 20.1 was objectified in our study.In our study, the better the insight, the greater the subjective cognitive complaints were in all cognitive domains (p=0.00).Awareness of illness was statistically associated with working memory (p=0.001), explicit memory (p=0.004), attention (p=0.001), language (p=0.01) and executive functions (p=0.001).Conclusions
Our study highlights the relationship between awareness of illness and cognitive complaints. The clinician, faced with repetitive cognitive complaints, should assess the insight before incriminating another cause (effects of a drug, cognitive deficit, etc.).Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Relationships between cognitive function and activities of daily living in psychiatric nursing home patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Gu F.-Y. , Weng S.-Y. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a common chronic disease in psychiatric long-term care institutions. Taipei City Hospital Songde Branch Psychiatric Nursing Home (TCHSBPNH) is the first public psychiatric nursing home in Taipei City. There’s not only a complete interdisciplinary care system, but also detail initial evaluation at admission of residents, including basic demographic information, cognitive assessments, activities of daily living, and so on. It is known that patients with schizophrenia are generally accompanied by cognitive impairments, which further affects their activities of daily living (ADL) performance, but we still don’t know the correlation between of them.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the relationships between cognitive function and ADL function of psychiatric nursing home residents with schizophrenia. The results would promote clinical intervention in ADL training for institutional patients.Methods39 participants with chronic schizophrenia (mean age =63.95±6.59 years) were recruited for the study from 2020 to 2021 in TCHSBPNH. We collected every resident’s assessment data, including Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Barthel Index, Lawton - Brody Instrumental Activities Of Daily Living Scale (Lawton IADL scale) and Composite Physical Function (CPF) Scale. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine the correlation between cognitive function and ADL.ResultsModerate positive correlations were showed between cognitive function and ADL (p<.05). The statistic results as follow, MMSE and Barthel Index (γ=.627, p<.001), Lawton IADL scale (γ=.431, p=.006), and CPF (γ=.341, p=.034) respectively exhibited significant correlations.Image:Image 2:Image 3:ConclusionsThere is a positive correlation between cognitive function and ADL in psychiatric nursing home residents with schizophrenia. The better cognitive function performance becomes, the better independent ADL functions will be. Thus, the psychiatric nursing home residents’ independent ADL training will also vary from person to person.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Review of Delusional Jealousy and Its Association with Sexual Dysfunctions
Authors: Pinho S. A. , Leitão F. , Freitas J. R. , Coutinho F. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionMental state changes can affect one’s sexual life, while sexual dysfunction can lead to relationship challenges. Delusional jealousy, also called Othello syndrome, involves a paranoid belief in a partner’s infidelity, leading to controlling and violent behaviors. It can manifest as a paranoid disorder, as a delusional symptom of psychiatric, neurological or other medical conditions, or as side effect of dopaminergic medication. Although its exact prevalence remains uncertain, it has been identified in 0.5-1.4% of psychiatry inpatients.ObjectivesTo describe sexual dysfunctions associated with delusional jealousy and to explore strategies for addressing these dysfunction.MethodsA non-systematic review of the literature available at PubMed was conducted using the keywords “Sexual Dysfunction” AND “Delusional Jealousy OR Othello Syndrome”.ResultsA number of factors, including sexual dysfunction, can trigger or exacerbate delusional jealousy. This is especially true for middle-aged men who have a history of alcohol consumption, neurological or personality disorders. Individuals with sexual dysfunction experience feelings of insecurity, projecting these concerns onto their partners and suspecting extramarital relationships. On the other hand, sexual dysfunctions such as Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder, Female Sexual Arousal and Orgasmic Disorders, Erectile Dysfunction and Ejaculation Disturbance may occur as consequence of Othello Syndrome. Multiple factors contribute to these dysfunctions, including increased testosterone and cortisol levels, chronic alcohol use, comorbid psychiatric conditions and antipsychotics. There are reports of increased sexual desire, especially in cases of dementia.ConclusionsAlthough the evidence is limited and dated, it points to a bidirectional association between delusional jealousy and sexual dysfunction. Further studies are essential to determine the prevalence and types of sexual dysfunctions in Othello syndrome, and the causal relationship between them. Additionally, investigating gender differences is crucial, given the male-centric focus of existing studies. This research can contribute to clinical care by promoting the screening for sexual issues and their integration into delusional jealousy management.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The improvement of mental and physical health of people with severe mental disorder: one-year efficacy of a lifestyle experimental intervention
Authors: Carbone M. , Mario L. , Di Vincenzo M. , Della Rocca B. , Toni C. , Cipolla S. , Martinelli F. , Sampogna G. , Fiorillo A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPatients with severe mental disorders have a significantly reduced life expectancy than the general population, often resulting from the increased prevalence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Reasons include unhealthy lifestyle behaviours, reduced access to screening programs and adverse effects of many psychotropic drugs.ObjectivesOur goal is to assess the efficacy of a psychosocial group intervention promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors compared to a brief psychoeducational group intervention in terms of improvement of severity of psychiatric symptoms and perceived quality of life, and a series of anthropometric and hematological parameters.MethodsThis is a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Patients between 18 and 35 years of age with a diagnosis of schizophrenia and other primary psychotic disorders, unipolar depression and bipolar disorder were recruited. Exclusion criteria were inability to perform moderate physical activity, pregnancy and breastfeeding and impaired cognitive functions.Results401 patients were recruited and randomly assigned to receive the experimental intervention (LIFESTYLE) or a behavioural control intervention. About 57% of the sample were female, with a mean age of 45.8±11.8, and BMI of 32.5±5.5. All of them were receiving almost one psychotropic drug. At one year, we observed a reduction in HOMA-IR index (from 4.3 ± 5.5 to 3.1 ± 2.9, p<0.01) and triglycerides (from 162.5 ± 78.1 mg/dL to 131.4 ± 76.0 mg/dL, p<0.001), as well as an increase in HDL (from 46.2± 14.6 mg/dL to 50.9±26.7 mg/dL, p<0.05). Moreover, a reduction in the values of BPRS “Affectivity” (from 8.7±3.0 to 7.2±2.5, p<0.001), “Activity” (from 4.7±1.9 to 4.2±1.3, p<0.01) and “Negative Symptoms” subscale (from 7.7±3.1 to 7.0±2.7, p<0.001) was also observed, along with an improvement in perceived quality of life (MANSA total score from 4.0 ± 1.0 to 5.3 ± 0.8, p<0.01).ConclusionsThe results support the evidence that the LIFESTYLE intervention has long-lasting positive effects on physical and mental health of people with mental disorders. More efforts need to be done in order to increase the availability of these treatments in routine clinical settings.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Manic episode with psychotic symptoms in a patient with Pseudologia Fantastica of years of evolution. A case report
Authors: Díaz Mayoral C. , Arroyo Sánchez E. , Setién Preciados P. , Martín de Argila Lorente M. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Pseudologia Fantastica (PF) also called “mythomania” is a disorder centred on the tendency of the sufferer to distort reality through constant lies. These patients find it difficult to moderate their sense of self and their self-esteem. Therefore, they display significant grandiosity, which seems to defend them from intense psychological disturbance, pretending to counteract deep feelings of unworthiness, emptiness and alienation.Notable characteristics include: normal or above average IQ, absence of formal thought disorder, poor sense of identity, poor sexual adjustment, low frustration tolerance, strong dependency needs and narcissism. The phenomenon of “imposture” (the person’s claim of achievement or having connections to famous or influential people) is frequent. The patient’s history often shows that one or both parents were experienced as rejecting figures. They are more likely to be involved in legal problems and 20% receive some form of psychiatric treatment.The aetiology and pathogenesis of this disorder requires consideration of developmental disturbances, personal history and current life stressors.ObjectivesA case of a patient with PF is presented followed by a theoretical review on the topic.MethodsA case is presented with a bibliographic review.Results
We admitted a 47-year-old man to the Acute Hospitalisation Unit for a suspected “psychotic episode with clinical mania”.
He presented manic and psychotic symptoms, with delusional ideation of months of evolution, megalomaniacal and fantastic discourse, centred on his work with high-ranking government officials and other implausible events. Multiple academic, work and personal life failures, with a diagnosis of depression 15 years earlier.During admission, he constantly confirms his history. He tends to present a rationalising discourse and a minimising attitude towards behavioural alterations. He appears cooperative and docile at certain times, while at others he is irritable, complaining and threatening.As for medication, olanzapine was initially prescribed at a dose of 20 mg per day, which was reduced to 10 mg given the psychopathological improvement and the difficulties of adherence.On discharge, the presumptive diagnosis was “delusional disorder and probable personality disorder with narcissistic traits, with a history of PF, which in recent months has presented a manic episode with psychotic symptoms”.ConclusionsTheir management poses challenges in terms of engaging with treatment and building a therapeutic alliance. It is important to assess the social and legal implications. Ensuring that they have stable relationships and adequate social supports is essential for successful treatment. Further exploration and research into this disorder is needed to better understand its manifestations and psychiatric consequences.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared