bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced pitch discrimination in autistic children with unexpected bilingualism
Authors: Dumont Charlotte , Belenger Marie , Eigsti Inge‐Marie , Kissine Mikhail 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSome autistic children acquire foreign languages from exposure to screens. Such unexpected bilingualism (UB) is therefore not driven by social interaction, rather, language acquisition appears to rely on less socially mediated learning and other cognitive processes. We hypothesize that UB children may rely on other cues, such as acoustic cues, of the linguistic input. Previous research indicates enhanced pitch processing in some autistic children, often associated with language delays and difficulties in forming stable phonological categories due to sensitivity to subtle linguistic variations. We propose that repetitive screen‐based input simplifies linguistic complexity, allowing focus on individual cues. This study hypothesizes that autistic UB children exhibit superior pitch discrimination compared with both autistic and non‐autistic peers. From a sample of 46 autistic French‐speaking children aged 9 to 16, 12 were considered as UB. These children, along with 45 non‐autistic children, participated in a two‐alternative forced‐choice pitch discrimination task. They listened to pairs of pure tones, 50% of which differed by 3% (easy), 2% (medium), or 1% (hard). A stringent comparison of performance revealed that only the autistic UB group performed above chance for tone pairs that differed, across all conditions. This group demonstrated superior pitch discrimination relative to autistic and non‐autistic peers. This study establishes the phenomenon of UB in autism and provides evidence for enhanced pitch discrimination in this group. Acute perception of auditory information, combined with repeated language content, may facilitate UB children's focus on phonetic features, and help acquire a language with no communicative support or motivation.
Ein konstitutives Modell zur Ermittlung der Ankertragfähigkeit auf der Grundlage des Distributed Strain Sensing in der Geotechnik
Authors: Kindler Arne 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn den Jahren 2015–2017 hat sich der Verfasser im Rahmen seiner Tätigkeit als Leiter Forschung und Entwicklung bei der Stump‐Franki Spezialtiefbau GmbH dem Thema zukunftsweisende Messverfahren Distributed Strain Sensing in der Geotechnik gewidmet. Eine der ersten Entwicklungen war und ist das Monitoring von Verpresskörpern an Litzenverpressankern. Die seinerzeit neuen Erkenntnisse wurden u. a. international auf der DFI India, 2017 sowie auch national in der Bautechnik, 2017 und vor Ort auf dem 12. Hans‐Lorenz‐Symposium in Berlin, 2016 vorgetragen. So wurde gezeigt, dass die Messergebnisse der Dehnungsmessung mittels Distributed Strain Sensing genutzt werden können, um über die Folgejahre zu überprüfen, ob eine Überlastung der Verpressanker vorgekommen ist. Schon seinerzeit hat der Verfasser darauf hingewiesen, dass es zur richtigen Interpretation nicht nur ein Verständnis zu dem eingesetzten Messverfahren bedarf, sondern auch eines gewissen Erfahrungsschatzes in der Interpretation der Messergebnisse im unmittelbaren Zusammenhang mit der Geotechnik. Der Verfasser hat sich im Rahmen seiner Mitarbeit beim Normungsausschuss des DIN NA 005‐05‐17 AA Verpressanker, begleitet durch seine Erfahrungen aus der Praxis, vertiefend mit der Frage beschäftigt, was genau mittels Distributed Strain Sensing eigentlich in dem Verpresskörper gemessen wird und was aufgrund der Messergebnisse auf die Tragfähigkeit von Verpressankern geschlossen werden kann. Dieser Beitrag soll ein konstituierendes Modell beschreiben, auf dessen Grundlage weitere Entwicklungen zur Interpretation der Messergebnisse hinsichtlich der Nutzung des Distributed‐Strain‐Sensing‐Verfahrens als Nachweis der Wirtschaftlichkeit und der Ankertragfähigkeit möglich sind.
BIM‐basierte Planfeststellung für Infrastrukturgroßprojekte
Authors: Matthei Jonathan , Rausch Sjard , Klemt‐Albert Katharina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDie Planfeststellung markiert einen entscheidenden Meilenstein im Realisierungsprozess von Infrastrukturgroßprojekten. Diese Phase ist jedoch nicht selten von zeitaufwendigen Verfahren und damit einhergehenden steigenden Kosten geprägt. Angesichts der dringenden Notwendigkeit, effiziente und nachhaltige Infrastrukturlösungen zu entwickeln, gewinnt die Digitalisierung und Beschleunigung von Genehmigungsverfahren wie dem Planfeststellungsverfahren (PFV) zunehmend an Bedeutung. In diesem Kontext rückt die Methode des Building Information Modeling (BIM) als vielversprechende Lösung in den Fokus. Basierend auf einer empirischen Untersuchung identifiziert dieser Aufsatz 13 Optimierungsmöglichkeiten im PFV, die in Form von User Storys festgehalten werden. Auf Grundlage dieser Erkenntnisse wird ein Konzept zur BIM‐basierten Planfeststellung entwickelt, welches einen konkreten Ansatz darstellt, wie Genehmigungsverfahren beschleunigt und bürgernäher gestaltet werden können. Das entworfene Konzept befähigt den Vorhabenträger sowie die Planfeststellungsbehörde, den Prozess der Planfeststellung durch Nutzung einer gemeinsamen Datenplattform (Common Data Environment, CDE) zu koordinieren und sämtliche relevanten Daten und Informationen auszutauschen. Das entwickelte Konzept gilt es im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts BIM4People (08/23–01/26, 19FS2057A) zu konkretisieren und um Anforderungen zu ergänzen.
Metabolomics combined with network pharmacology to investigate the pharmacodynamic components and potential mechanisms of the spermatogenic function of the Youjing granule
Authors: Guo Mingxin , Chu Yujiao , Zhu Wenjiao , Sun Miaomiao , Lv Qiang , Tang Ruijie , Jiang Xuping , Zhao Jiahao , Tang Zhian , Ma Tieliang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aims to identify potential efficacy‐related biomarkers and investigate the mechanism of Youjing granule (YG) in improving spermatogenic function in rats based on metabolomics combined with network pharmacology. We obtained YG‐containing serum from Sprague–Dawley rats, compared it with control group serum and analyzed it using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy to identify potential biomarkers and investigate the mechanism of YG in improving spermatogenic function in rats. Six important differential biomarkers, comprising putrescine, amidine, arginine, d‐fructose‐6‐phosphate, l‐proline and galactose, were identified in the YG‐containing serum and then used to explore the potential mechanisms. The ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–high‐resolution mass spectrometry technology was adopted for the rapid separation, identification and analysis of chemical components of YG in blood. A total of 69 detected chromatographic peaks were revealed. The binding energy between core compounds and key proteins is low, among which dipsacoside B is the best. The outcomes suggest that YG may improve spermatogenic function in rats by facilitating the development of spermatogonial stem cells, counteracting oxidative stress and controlling cellular apoptosis. Youjing granule may also affect the energy required for sperm production or influence sperm growth and maturation.
Identification and quantification of the antioxidants in Ginkgo biloba leaf
Authors: Hu Chenxiu , Wang Yujing , Deng Yingqian , Yao Jianbiao , Min Hui , Hu Jiqiang , Fan Xiaohui , Wang Shufang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe antioxidant activity of Ginkgo biloba leaf (GBL) extract is closely related to its efficacy against various diseases; however, the antioxidant activities of the specific constituents of GBL remain unclear. In this study, 194 GBL constituents were identified using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, including 97 flavonoids, 37 terpenoids, 29 lignans, 19 carboxylic acids, 5 alkylphenolic acids, 5 alkylphenols, and 2 other compounds. The cleavage rules of the main constituents of GBL were dissected in detail. The 36 GBL constituents with high antioxidant activity were subsequently discovered using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay, including 30 flavonoids and six carboxylic acids. Finally, an HPLC analysis method was established to determine the content of the nine major antioxidants in the three batches of GBL. Among them, kaempferol 3‐O‐β‐D‐(6″‐p‐coumaroyl) glucopyranosyl‐(1‐2)‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranoside, kaempferol‐3‐O‐rutinoside, and rutin exhibited high antioxidant activity and were found in significant amounts in GBL, with concentrations greater than 0.7 mg/g. These results provide an important reference for the development of pharmaceuticals and health products containing GBL.
Reappraisal of the etymology of tendo Achillis: Achilles, the aggressor or the sufferer?
Authors: Sawai Tadashi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study critically reassesses the etymology of the tendo Achillis, examining its connection to Achilles as depicted in classic epics. It challenges the interpretation by Joseph Hyrtl, first presented in the 19th century and still widely accepted, which credits Philippus Verheyen with the introduction of Achilles‐related terminology in the late 17th century. Through an extensive review of anatomical publications from the 16th to the early 18th century across Western Europe, categorized into four distinct periods, this study investigates the origins of the nomenclature for the distal tendon of the triceps surae (DTTS = tendo calcaneus), including both the terminology and the narrative contexts beyond its anatomical functions. The findings reveal that names associated with Achilles predate Verheyen, contradicting Hyrtl's timeline, and suggesting a more intricate association with the figure of Achilles. This not only illuminates the development of one of the most recognized anatomical eponyms but also enhances our understanding of the interplay between medical terminology and cultural narratives.
Racial and ethnic disparities in mortality among World Trade Center Health Registry enrollees with post‐9/11 cancer
Authors: Kehm Rebecca D. , Li Jiehui , Cone James E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionThere are well‐documented racial and ethnic disparities in mortality after cancer in the general population, but less is known about whether disparities also exist in disaster‐exposed populations.MethodsWe conducted a longitudinal cohort study of 4341 enrollees in the World Trade Center Health Registry (WTCHR) with a first‐ever primary invasive cancer diagnosis after 9/11/2001 and followed through 2020. We examined associations of race and ethnicity with all‐cause mortality risk and cause‐specific mortality risk using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models and Fine and Gray's proportional sub‐distribution hazards models, respectively. Models were adjusted for baseline characteristics and tumor characteristics. We also examined models further adjusted for socioeconomic status (SES), and we used inverse odds weighting to formally test for mediation by SES.ResultsCompared to non‐Hispanic White enrollees with cancer, non‐Hispanic Blacks had higher risks for all‐cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.02–1.41) and non‐cancer mortality (aHR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.09–2.01) in the full model. In the model without SES, Hispanic enrollees with cancer had higher risks for all‐cause mortality (aHR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.09–1.60) and cancer mortality (aHR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.05–1.64) compared to non‐Hispanic Whites; these associations became not statistically significant in the full model. In the inverse odds weighting analysis, SES explained 24% and 29% of the disparity in all‐cause mortality risk observed in non‐Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics, respectively, compared to non‐Hispanic Whites.ConclusionThis study found that there are racial and ethnic disparities in mortality after cancer in the WTCHR. Additional studies are needed to further explore the factors mediating these disparities.
Online support groups, social identity, and the health and wellbeing of adults with Long Covid: An interview study
Authors: Mills Freya , Drury John , Symons Charles , Weston Dale , Amlôt Richard , Carter Holly 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs many individuals with Long Covid are left without formal support, they have turned to online support groups for help. In a pre‐registered study, interviews were carried out with 21 adults with Long Covid to explore experiences of using online support groups, to understand whether participants felt these experiences influenced their health and wellbeing, and to identify whether group members developed a shared social identity. The reported benefits varied by the nature and size of the online support group: participants reported that smaller groups enabled a sense of community; occupation groups provided work‐specific support; and larger groups helped with symptom management. Interviewees reported that support groups validated members' experiences, made them feel less alone, and enhanced self‐efficacy by providing and offering support and enabling participants to learn new skills. However, negative outcomes were also reported, such as increased fear and reduced wellbeing. Shared identities developed based on mutual Long Covid experiences, shared values towards illness management, and pre‐existing identities. Reported experiences also varied between online support group size (large vs small); type (e.g., advocacy‐focused, yoga‐based, local or international); and platform (video‐ vs text‐based) and throughout the illness. Whilst this study recognises the necessity of medical treatment for Long Covid, we also recommended that individuals with Long Covid explore different support groups to find the most suitable group for them in terms of preferred group features, values towards illness management and enablement of social identities.
“I was told that people might hurt me”: Experiences of religious discrimination among Jewish, Christian, and Alevi youth in Turkey
Authors: Tanyas Bahar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the experiences of young members of Alevi, Christian, and Jewish religious minorities in Turkey, a secular country with a Sunni Muslim majority. Data was collected through semi structured interviews with 29 participants aged from 17 to 24. A thematic analysis was employed to explore patterns of discrimination and exclusion in their everyday lives. The experiences of Jewish and Christian participants are characterized by ostracism, increased vulnerability to injury, and passing as a member of the majority. Alevi participants report being subjected to intense pressure to become assimilated into majority Sunni practices, as well as frequent exposure to harshly unfavourable stereotypes, and ongoing rejection of Alevi theology as a ‘true’ belief system. The discussion centres on the issue of misrecognition and, particularly, denial of identity, contextualizes the findings into broader dynamics of nation‐state politics, and focuses attention on the agency of minorities and majorities. Limitations of the study and recommendations for future research have also been presented. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Sex differences among U.S. high school students in the associations of screen time, cyberbullying, and suicidality: A mediation analysis of cyberbullying victimization using the Youth Risk Behavioural Surveillance Survey 2021
Authors: Feng Shuo , Liu Renming , Jung Yoonsung , Barry Adam , Park Jeong‐Hui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe objective of the study is to explore the associations of screen time, cyberbullying victimization, and suicidality during the COVID‐19 pandemic in female and male high school schools, especially the sex differences in the mediation effect of cyberbullying on the relation between screen time and suicidality. This study analysed the direct paths and mediation effects between variables among the 13,982 participants (female: 49%; male: 51%; age 15–17: 74%) in the Youth Risk Behaviour Survey 2021 (YRBS) using the Structural Equation Model and the Monte Carlo methods in Stata. Multiple‐group analysis was conducted to compare sex differences in the mediation effects. Elevated screen time increased the likelihood of suicide ideation (male: OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.26–1.79; female: OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.28–1.70), suicide plan (male: OR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.29–1.89; female: OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.24–1.69), suicide attempts (female: OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.02–1.48). Cyberbully victims had higher odds of suicide ideation (female: OR: 3.69, 95% CI: 3.25–4.17; male: OR: 4.50; 95% CI: 3.80–5.34), suicide plan (female: OR: 3.74; 95% CI: 3.28–4.25; male: OR: 5.03; 95% CI: 4.22–6.01), and suicide attempt (female: OR: 4.24; 95% CI: 3.66–4.92; male: OR: 4.70; 95% CI: 3.81–5.79). Sex differences were revealed in the mediation effects on suicide ideations (χ2(2) = 8.72, p < .05), suicide attempts (χ2(2) = 8.80, p < .05), and suicide overall (χ2(2) = 6.42, p < .05), where the effects were stronger in female students than in males. Screen time and cyberbullying victimization were directly associated with suicide‐related behaviours in adolescents. Cyberbullying victimization in females had stronger mediation effects than in males. These findings emphasized the importance of understanding the new hybrid psychosocial dynamics and creating a healthy hybrid psychosocial environment, especially for female adolescents.
Community‐based participatory research for urban regeneration: Bridging the dichotomies through the exp‐EIA method
Authors: Rainisio Nicola , Boffi Marco , Piga Barbara , Stancato Gabriele , Fumagalli Natalia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUrban environment design profoundly influences citizens' health and well‐being. Despite the aim of urban regeneration initiatives to enhance community well‐being and social connections, they often struggle to ensure a balance of power among stakeholders, effectively involve citizens, and accurately assess subjective urban experiences. New methodological approaches in community‐based participatory research (CBPR) are advocated to facilitate interactions among social actors and overcome the digital versus real dichotomy. This article introduces the Experiential Environmental Impact Assessment (exp‐EIA) method as a novel research and intervention tool to address these challenges. Grounded in psychology, exp‐EIA aims to integrate emotional, cognitive, and community identity dimensions to capture the nuanced experiences of urban environments. Through digital data collection and visualization tools, exp‐EIA could facilitate participatory decision‐making processes across various stages of urban regeneration projects. Furthermore, its adaptability enables significant integration with existing participatory methods, fostering inclusive engagement and innovative design solutions. The theoretical framework of exp‐EIA, its application in CBPR, and its potential to bridge the gap between technological innovation and citizen engagement in urban regeneration processes are discussed. A blended case study conducted in the metropolitan area of Milan (Italy) is presented, highlighting a promising pathway towards more inclusive and effective approaches to community revitalization.
Further evidence that system justification decreases among extreme conservatives and the role of national populism
Authors: Caricati Luca , Rossi Francesca 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article replicates and extends previous results indicating that system justification, in a pool of non‐American samples, decreases at the extremes of the political continuum. Data came from 29 European countries enrolled in nine rounds of the European Social Survey from 2002 to 2018. Results indicated that right‐wingers were more likely to support the existing social system than left‐wingers. However, a significant and negative quadratic effect emerged indicating that system justification decreased among extremists in both left and right‐leaning poles. Findings also revealed that the level of national populist voting moderated the relationship between political orientation and system justification so that the difference between extreme leftists and extreme rightists was further reduced when national populist voting was higher. Results seem to confirm that extremists can be critical of the existing social system and that this trend is affected by the level of the rise in populism in those countries. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Behçet's disease presented with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding: A Palestinian case report
Authors: Jobran Afnan W. M. , Janem Abdelrhman , Alhor Tareq , Idris Muhammad , Nabilsi Mustafa , Mughrabi Salam , Alfakhry Aisha , Ashhab Hazem 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageIt is important to recognize and manage gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with BD, as they are linked to high rates of mortality and morbidity. BD can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, and prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to prevent complications. Additionally, the diagnosis of BD is primarily based on clinical factors due to the lack of pathognomonic laboratory tests.AbstractBehçet's disease (BD) is an idiopathic, chronic, and relapsing multi‐systemic vasculitis characterized by recurrent skin lesions and eye disease. There is no pathognomonic laboratory testing; the diagnosis is made mainly on clinical factors. BD symptoms affecting the gastrointestinal (GI) system are particularly important as they are linked to high rates of mortality and morbidity. Although ileocecal involvement is most frequently mentioned, BD can affect any part of the GI tract. There are techniques for keeping track of disease activity during treatment, but they are not ideal. We present a case of a 38‐year‐old male patient admitted to the ICU with a history of black tarry stools of 1‐month duration, fresh blood per rectum 5 to 7 times a day associated with fever, chills, and back and nonspecific joint pain for five days. The patient also experienced left eye episcleritis while being hospitalized, which was later confirmed to be BD.
Effects of an arm ergometer for a patient with knee osteoarthritis and central sensitization: A case report
Authors: Uzawa Hironobu , Otani Toshiro , Morii Kenichi , Asakawa Takashi , Furuyama Hiroto , Nishida Yusuke 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageAerobic exercise may be an effective treatment for knee osteoarthritis and central sensitization, but no interventional studies have examined its effects. In this study, the patient showed improvement in central sensitization, pain, and autonomic nervous system activity after aerobic exercise using an arm ergometer.
Paget's bone disease in a nonendemic region: Exploring novel therapeutic strategies
Authors: Razavianzadeh Nasrin , Shahramirad Soheil , Hasani Mohammad , Babaei Hessamedin 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessagePaget's disease of bone (PDB) is a chronic condition causing abnormal bone remodeling, leading to pain, fractures, and complications. A 57‐year‐old female patient, asymptomatic and devoid of pain, incidentally exhibited elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase. Following a thorough consideration of potential differential diagnoses, the eventual diagnosis established was PDB. We recommended Fosamax (70 mg alendronate tablets) at two tablets twice weekly for 3 months to manage PDB due to patient preference and side effects with intravenous zoledronic acid. Subsequent assessments of alkaline phosphatase levels during follow‐up examinations post‐treatment revealed a reduction in their values.