bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Affirmative Mindfulness, Acceptance, and Compassion-Based Group Intervention for Sexual Minorities (Free2Be): A Non-Randomized Mixed-Method Study for Feasibility with Exploratory Analysis of Effectiveness
Authors: Seabra Daniel , Gato Jorge , Petrocchi Nicola , do Céu Salvador Maria 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesDespite sexual minority (SM), i.e. individuals who identify as lesbian women, gay men, bisexual, or pansexual, individuals presenting worse mental health outcomes when compared to heterosexual individuals, they face more difficulties in accessing affirmative and quality health services. This study is a mixed-method non-randomized single-arm trial targeting SM individuals assessing the feasibility and exploratory findings from an affirmative mindfulness, acceptance, and compassion-based group intervention (Free2Be).MethodEighteen participants who self-identified as SM, with a mean age of 30.80 years old, underwent a face-to-face group intervention with 13 weekly sessions (Free2Be). Feasibility was assessed in three domains (acceptability, practicality, and preliminary effectiveness) with self-report questionnaires and hetero-report interviews, during and after the intervention, and using a mixed-methods approach. Using a pre–post and participant-by-participant design, changes were assessed in self-reported internalized stigma, psychopathology indicators, and mindfulness, acceptance, and compassion processes.ResultsTheFree2Bewas acceptable and feasible in all three domains. Participants who completed the intervention (≥ 80% of attendance) revealed significant or reliable decreases in stress and social anxiety symptoms, self-criticism, and fear of compassion for the self.ConclusionsThe study provides evidence of the feasibility of the intervention. This affirmative mindfulness, acceptance, and compassion-based group intervention seems to be feasible and acceptable for SM individuals. These promising findings warrant further investigation within a pilot study.
Offene Bildungsmaterialien als Ziel der Steuerung – Eine qualitative Inhaltsanalyse der OER-Policies deutscher Hochschulen im Kontext von Educational Governance
Authors: Hohaus Pascal 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungOpen Educational Resources (OER), d. h. öffentlich zugängliche Bildungsmaterialien, werden zunehmend für die Lehrpraxis an Hochschulen relevant. Für die Hochschulen als Organisationen stellt sich hierbei die Frage, ob und wie die Entwicklung und Nutzung von OER gesteuert werden sollte. Eine Möglichkeit stellen Leitfäden dar, die die Hochschulangehörigen im Umgang mit OER zu beachten haben. Für diese Leitfäden hat sich der Begriff „OER-Policy“ etabliert. Im Kontext des Educational-Governance-Ansatzes widmet sich dieser Beitrag der Verbreitung solcher OER-Policies in Deutschland und den Steuerungsimpulsen, die von den Policies ausgehen. Auf der Grundlage der Internet-Auftritte der 50 größten staatlichen Hochschulen in Deutschland, gemessen an der Studierendenzahl, wurden solche Hochschulen identifiziert, die eine explizite OER-Policy oder aber eine Open-Access- bzw. Open-Science-Policy mit Verweis auf OER implementiert haben. Es verblieben neun Hochschulen, deren Dokumente mit einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse untersucht wurden. In der Analyse wurden induktiv sechs Kategorien erschlossen, die die Steuerungsimpulse beschreiben: Publikationsweg, Lizenzen und Format, Qualitätssicherung, Service-Orientierung, Kooperationen und Anreizsysteme. Mit der Untersuchung wird aufgezeigt, wie offene Bildungsmaterialien auf operativer und strategischer Ebene konzeptualisiert und als Thema der Steuerung definiert werden.
Pathways to Need-Supportive Teaching: Teaching Mindsets and Motivation to Teach
Authors: Cilalı Bengü , Michou Aikaterini , Daumiller Martin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Teachers differ in the extent to which they support their students’ basic psychological needs. To better understand these differences, we investigated how mindsets and motivation to teach English relate to their need-supportive teaching practices. Data was gathered from 348 EFL instructors (261 female, 87 male; M

age
= 38.47, SD = 9.22) working at state and private universities in Turkey through the following self-report questionnaires: the Implicit Theories of Intelligence Scale (ITIS; Dweck et al., 1995), the Comprehensive Relative Autonomy Index (C-RAI; Sheldon et al., 2017), and the Teacher as a Social Context Questionnaire (TASC-Q; Belmont et al., 1988). Results of structural equation modeling revealed that language instructors’ fixed teaching mindset beliefs had both direct and indirect relationships with their need-supportive teaching through quality of teaching motivation. The direct relationships suggest that instructors who believe their teaching ability is a fixed trait are less likely to teach for autonomous reasons, such as personal interest and values, and more inclined to teach out of external reasons, such as pressure from supervisors. The indirect relationships suggest that autonomous teaching motivation mediates the negative relationships between fixed teaching mindset and provision of involvement and structure. These findings highlight the important role of teaching mindsets and motivation in promoting need-supportive learning environments.
Impact of Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities on Access to Interspinous Spacer for Treatment of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Nationwide Medicare Analysis
Authors: Cho Annie M. , Tran Oth , McGovern Alysha M. , Chan Kheng Sze , Yong Robert Jason 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
In mild to moderate lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) where conservative care treatments fail, minimally invasive treatments, such as interspinous spacers without decompression or fusion (ISD), may be appropriate. While previous studies have demonstrated racial and socioeconomic disparities in the surgical treatment of LSS, there are limited data on how those factors impact accessibility to these procedures. This study explored demographic, socioeconomic, and geographic differences in the use of ISD.

Methods
Using the Medicare 100% files from 2017 through 2022, this retrospective claims analysis identified when and if patients diagnosed with LSS received ISD implantation. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to examine the association between racial and socioeconomic characteristics and the rate of ISD implantation, stratified by geographic region.

Results
A total of 1,316,622 individuals met the inclusion criteria; 4730 (0.4%) underwent ISD implantation, with a mean (standard deviation) time to treatment of 11.9 (13.2) months after diagnosis. The likelihood of ISD implantation was higher for older patients (except for the oldest group), males, those with lower disease burden, and White patients. Cox regression revealed that the associations of racial and socioeconomic factors with ISD implantation varied by U.S. region. In the Midwest and Northeast, lower median household income was associated with a decreased likelihood of ISD implantation regardless of race, while in the South, Black patients were less likely to undergo ISD implantation regardless of income.

Conclusions
The observed disparities in access to ISD implantation mirror existing trends in surgical interventions for LSS, suggesting further study and interventions are needed to address inequities.
Soil Carbon Fractions under Vetiver Grass in Australia and Ethiopia Relative to other Land Uses
Authors: Tessema Bezaye , Baldock Jeff A. , Daniel Heiko , Kristiansen Paul , Adimassu Zenebe , Wilson Brian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe allocation of soil organic carbon (SOC) to its component fractions can indicate the vulnerability of organic carbon stocks to change. The impact of vetiver on the composition and distribution of SOC can provide a complete assessment of its potential to sequester carbon in soil.Purpose: This study quantified the distribution and impact of SOC under vetiver and the allocation of SOC to particulate (POC), humus (HOC) and resistant (ROC) fractions differentiated based on particle size and chemical composition under vetiver grass compared with other plant types.Methods: Carbon fractions were measured on soil samples collected from Australia and Ethiopia to a depth of 1.0 m under three plant communities (vetiver, coffee, and Australian native pastures). We used the MIR/PLSR spectra to estimate SOC fractions based on fractionated, and NMR measured values.Results: The stocks of SOC fractions indicated significant differences in the proportion of labile POC to HOC across sites and vegetation types. The dominant carbon fraction was HOC (71%) for all vegetation types. The average carbon sequestration rate under vetiver for OC was − 2.64 to + 7.69 Mg C ha− 1 yr− 1, while for the POC, HOC and ROC was 0.04 to + 1.17, -3.36 to + 4.64 and − 0.35 to + 1.51 Mg C ha− 1 yr− 1, respectively.Conclusion: Growing vetiver and undisturbed native pastures has on average a high accumulation rate of a more stable carbon (HOC) which is less vulnerable to change, and change was largely driven by the HOC fraction. We, therefore, recommend the use and promotion of perennial tropical grasses like vetiver and similar grasses and undisturbed native pastures as potential options to facilitate soil carbon sequestration.
Prepped and ready: educating caregivers to secure firearms and medications via webinars
Authors: Sullivant Shayla A. , Yeh Hung-Wen , Hartwig Alex , Abdelmoity Omar , Connelly Mark 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Means restriction is an approach to suicide prevention that has been shown to be effective but is underutilized in the United States. For the current study, we sought to determine if a webinar-based education intervention could impact caregiver means restriction knowledge and behaviors.

Methods
Nine webinars for caregivers were offered by a children’s hospital in conjunction with community groups. Education on raising teenagers was paired with information about suicide prevention, including the importance of securing medications and firearms. Participants completed surveys prior to the presentation, immediately following and two weeks later to measure change in knowledge and storage of medications and firearms. Participants were provided a safety toolkit to secure medications and firearms.

Results
Of the 327 participants who completed the baseline survey, 299 and 257 completed the second and third surveys. By the conclusion of the study, 46.6% of participants reported they had disposed of unneeded medications and 44.1% had locked up medications. Among firearm owners, use of a cable gun lock rose from 13.7% to 25.8%. In addition, 40.2% of firearm owners reported learning more about how their firearms were stored at the final survey. Most participants (88.3%) strongly agreed that the presentation provided value.

Conclusion
This study shows that a webinar on safe storage appears to have some impact on behavior changes for caregivers of adolescents. A controlled study could help to clarify if the webinar format or the timing during the Covid-19 pandemic might have played a role in the degree of behavior change reported.
Enhancing high-school dropout identification: a collaborative approach integrating human and machine insights
Authors: Bulut Okan , Wongvorachan Tarid , He Surina , Lee Soo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite its proven success in various fields such as engineering, business, and healthcare, human–machine collaboration in education remains relatively unexplored. This study aims to highlight the advantages of human–machine collaboration for improving the efficiency and accuracy of decision-making processes in educational settings. High school dropout prediction serves as a case study for examining human–machine collaboration’s efficacy. Unlike previous research prioritizing high accuracy with immutable predictors, this study seeks to bridge gaps by identifying actionable factors for dropout prediction through a framework of human–machine collaboration. Utilizing a large dataset from the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009 (HSLS:09), two machine learning models were developed to predict 9th-grade students’ high school dropout history. Results indicated that the Random Forest algorithm outperformed the deep learning algorithm. Model explainability revealed the significance of actionable variables such as students’ GPA in the 9th grade, sense of school belonging, self-efficacy in mathematics and science, and immutable variables like socioeconomic status in predicting high school dropout history. The study concludes with discussions on the practical implications of human–machine partnerships for enhancing student success.
CAGNet: a context-aware graph neural network for detecting social relationships in videos
Authors: Yu Fan , Fang Yaqun , Zhao Zhixiang , Bei Jia , Ren Tongwei , Wu Gangshan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSocial relationships, such as parent-offspring and friends, are crucial and stable connections between individuals, especially at the person level, and are essential for accurately describing the semantics of videos. In this paper, we analogize such a task to scene graph generation, which we call video social relationship graph generation (VSRGG). It involves generating a social relationship graph for each video based on person-level relationships. We propose a context-aware graph neural network (CAGNet) for VSRGG, which effectively generates social relationship graphs through message passing, capturing the context of the video. Specifically, CAGNet detects persons in the video, generates an initial graph via relationship proposal, and extracts facial and body features to describe the detected individuals, as well as temporal features to describe their interactions. Then, CAGNet predicts pairwise relationships between individuals using graph message passing. Additionally, we construct a new dataset, VidSoR, to evaluate VSRGG, which contains 72 h of video with 6276 person instances and 5313 relationship instances of eight relationship types. Extensive experiments show that CAGNet can make accurate predictions with a comparatively high mean recall (mRecall) when using only visual features.
Evaluation of the use of AI technologies in German engineering: insights from the employee perspective
Authors: Tihlarik Amelie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIt is claimed that the technology of Artificial intelligence (AI) will change working life and conditions as we have known until now so drastically that the question arises of how people will work in the future. At least the medial discourse paints these dystopian forecasts (Frey and Osborne in Technol Forecast Soc Change 114:254–80, 2017; Cave and Dihal in Nat Mach Intell 1:74–8, 2019; Susskind and Susskind in The Future of the Professions: How Technology Will Transform the Work of Human Experts. 2015) as AI has the potential to automate many processes and address many challenges in the field of engineering (Humpert et al. in Procedia CIRP 119:693–8, 2023). The discussions about the side effects of AI lack the perspective of experts from the field of engineering who provide a differentiated assessment of where the integration of AI could be supportive. An employee perspective is mostly missing in previous research (Giering in Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft 76:1–15, 2022) but might help identify the areas in labor suitable for integrating AI. To examine where and how AI could be implemented in German engineering this paper summarizes the perspectives of 11 employees from the field of German engineering and their views on AI. The findings focus not on the technical aspect of AI but rather on the employees’ requirements regarding their work. Even though the experts come from similar technical work fields the perspectives, evaluations, and possible application areas regarding AI differ very much. An individual evaluation of employees' perspectives seems crucial for integrating AI into a working environment to design supporting technology. Employees should be seen as co-creators and get the opportunity to co-determine from the beginning of such integration processes (Herrmann and Pfeiffer in AI Soc 38:1523–42, 2023). Furthermore, with this insight, indications about how this career field needs to be formed for future developments can be identified.
Spatio-temporal analysis land use land cover changes in South Kashmir region of North-western Himalayas using Landsat data
Authors: Mushtaq Shaista , Saleem Shahid , Ahmed Rayees , Tass Mohammad Sajad , Rather Javeed A. , Rather G. M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the spatial patterns and temporal dynamics of land use and land cover changes in South Kashmir from 2000 to 2022 leveraging remote sensing technologies revealing significant transformations in various land cover classes. The study used maximum likelihood classification, a supervised classification method, to analyze Landsat satellite imagery and identify ten major land use categories. The findings demonstrate notable increases in, barren land by 18.78 km2(0.35%), built-up areas by 72.28 km2(1.33%), forests by 274.76 km2(5.05%), grasslands by 68.06 km2(1.25%), scrubland by 307.82 km2(5.66%). horticulture experienced a significant rise of 419.17 km2(7.70%), Conversely, several land use classes reported decline, agriculture by 757.21 km2(13.91%), exposed rockmass by 258.58 km2(4.75%), glaciers and snow by 136.83 km2(2.51%), and water bodies contracted by 8.23 km2(0.15%). The primary drivers of land use change in the region are identified as climate change, population growth, and economic factors. Climate change has altered precipitation patterns affecting agricultural productivity and leading to the retreat of glaciers. Population growth and economic reasons, including the rise of horticulture and changes in land use policies, have also played a significant role in shaping the landscape dynamics of South Kashmir. These changes underscore the dynamic nature of land use in South Kashmir, with significant implications for regional planning and environmental management. The study underscores the cost-effectiveness and efficacy of geospatial technologies in conducting spatiotemporal analyses and formulating evidence-based policies for the sustainable management of natural resources.
Frictional Properties of Feldspar‐Chlorite Gouges and Implications for Fault Reactivation in Hydrothermal Systems
Authors: Hu Zijuan , Zhang Chongyuan , Zhang Lei , Elsworth Derek , Zhang Fengshou , Gan Quan , Lei Huiru , He Manchao , Yao Leihua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs a particularly common mineral in granites, the presence of feldspar and feldspar‐chlorite gouges at hydrothermal conditions has important implications in fault strength and reactivation. We present laboratory observations of frictional strength and stability of feldspar (K‐feldspar and albite) and feldspar‐chlorite gouges under conditions representative of deep geothermal reservoirs to evaluate the impact on fault stability. Velocity‐stepping experiments are performed at a confining stress of 95 MPa, pore pressures of 35–90 MPa, and temperatures of 120–400°C representative of in situ conditions for such reservoirs. Our experiment results indicate that the feldspar gouge exhibits strong friction (μ ∼ 0.71) at all experimental temperatures (∼120–400°C) but when T > 120°C, the frictional response transitions from velocity‐strengthening to slightly velocity‐weakening. At constant confining pressure and temperature, increasing the pore pressure increases the friction coefficient (∼0.70–0.85) and the gouge remains slightly velocity weakening. The presence of alteration‐sourced chlorite leads to a transition from velocity weakening to velocity strengthening in the mixed gouge at experimental temperatures and pore pressures. As a ubiquitous mineral in reservoir rocks, feldspar is shown to potentially contribute to unstable sliding over ranges in temperature and pressure typical in deep hydrothermal reservoirs. These findings emphasize that feldspar minerals may increase the potential for injection‐induced seismicity on pre‐existing faults if devoid of chloritization.
How to Achieve a 50% Reduction in Nutrient Losses From Agricultural Catchments Under Different Climate Trajectories?
Authors: Wynants Maarten , Strömqvist Johan , Hallberg Lukas , Livsey John , Lindström Göran , Bieroza Magdalena 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnder persistent eutrophication of European water bodies and a changing climate, there is an increasing need to evaluate best‐management practices for reducing nutrient losses from agricultural catchments. In this study, we set up a daily discharge and water quality model in Hydrological Predictions of the Environment for two agricultural catchments representative for common cropping systems in Europe's humid continental regions to forecast the impacts of future climate trajectories on nutrient loads. The model predicted a slight increase in inorganic nitrogen (IN) and total phosphorus (TP) loads under RCP2.6, likely due to precipitation‐driven mobilization. Under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, the IN loads were forecasted to decrease from 16% to 26% and 21%–50% respectively, most likely due to temperature‐driven increases in crop uptake and evapotranspiration. No distinct trends in TP loads were observed. A 50% decrease in nutrient loads, as targeted by the European Green Deal, was backcasted using a combination of management scenarios, including (a) a 20% reduction in mineral fertilizer application, (b) introducing cover crops (CC), and (c) stream mitigation (SM) by introducing floodplains. Target TP load reductions could only be achieved by SM, which likely results from secondary mobilization of sources within agricultural streams during high discharge events. Target IN load reductions were backcasted with a combination of SM, fertilizer reduction, and CC, wherein the required measures depended strongly on the climatic trajectory. Overall, this study successfully demonstrated a modeling approach for evaluating best‐management practices under diverging climate change trajectories, tailored to the catchment characteristics and specific nutrient reduction targets.
How Do Climate Model Resolution and Atmospheric Moisture Affect the Simulation of Unprecedented Extreme Events Like the 2021 Western North American Heat Wave?
Authors: Liu Xue , Saravanan Ramalingam , Fu Dan , Chang Ping , Patricola Christina M. , O’Brien Travis A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlthough the 2021 Western North America (WNA) heat wave was predicted by weather forecast models, questions remain about whether such strong events can be simulated by global climate models (GCMs) at different model resolutions. Here, we analyze sets of GCM simulations including historical and future periods to check for the occurrence of similar events. High‐ and low‐resolution simulations both encounter challenges in reproducing events as extreme as the observed one, particularly under the present climate. Relatively stronger amplitudes are observed during the future periods. Furthermore, high‐ and low‐resolution short initialized GCM simulations are both able to reasonably predict such strong events and their associated high‐pressure ridge over the WNA with a 1 week forecast lead time. Moisture sensitivity experiments further indicate a drier atmospheric moisture condition results in substantially higher near‐surface temperatures in the simulated heat events.