bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new platelet cryoprecipitate glue promoting bone formation after ectopic mesenchymal stromal cell-loaded biomaterial implantation in nude mice
Authors: Trouillas Marina , Prat Marie , Doucet Christelle , Ernou Isabelle , Laplace-Builhé Corinne , Blancard Patrick Saint , Holy Xavier , Lataillade Jean-Jacques 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Introduction
This study investigated the promising effect of a new Platelet Glue obtained from Cryoprecipitation of Apheresis Platelet products (PGCAP) used in combination with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSC) loaded on ceramic biomaterials to provide novel strategies enhancing bone repair.

Methods
PGCAP growth factor content was analyzed by ELISA and compared to other platelet and plasma-derived products. MSC loaded on biomaterials (65% hydroxyapatite/35% beta-TCP or 100% beta-TCP) were embedded in PGCAP and grown in presence or not of osteogenic induction medium for 21 days. Biomaterials were then implanted subcutaneously in immunodeficient mice for 28 days. Effect of PGCAP on MSC was evaluated in vitro by proliferation and osteoblastic gene expression analysis and in vivo by histology and immunohistochemistry.

Results
We showed that PGCAP, compared to other platelet-derived products, allowed concentrating large amount of growth factors and cytokines which promoted MSC and osteoprogenitor proliferation. Next, we found that PGCAP improves the proliferation of MSC and osteogenic-induced MSC. Furthermore, we demonstrated that PGCAP up-regulates the mRNA expression of osteogenic markers (Collagen type I, Osteonectin, Osteopontin and Runx2). In vivo, type I collagen expressed in ectopic bone-like tissue was highly enhanced in biomaterials embedded in PGCAP in the absence of osteogenic pre-induction. Better results were obtained with 65% hydroxyapatite/35% beta-TCP biomaterials as compared to 100% beta-TCP.

Conclusions
We have demonstrated that PGCAP is able to enhance in vitro MSC proliferation, osteoblastic differentiation and in vivo bone formation in the absence of osteogenic pre-induction. This clinically adaptable platelet glue could be of interest for improving bone repair.
Novel Soft–Hard Donor Ligand, NTAamide, for Mutual Separation of Trivalent Actinoids and Lanthanoids
Authors: Sasaki Yuji , Tsubata Yasuhiro , Kitatsuji Yoshihiro , Morita Yasuji 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
New reagent, N,N,N′,N′,N′′,N′′-hexaoctylnitrilotriacetamide (NTAamide(C8)), was synthesized and examined for actinoid and lanthanoid extractions. NTAamide(C8) has one N atom and three carbonyl oxygen atoms in the central frame, and may show hybrid bonds between hard O and soft N donors. It was found that NTAamide can extract Am(III) and Cm(III) from diluted HNO3 with small D(Ln). This result suggests that the N-donor makes stronger complexes with Am(III) and Cm(III) than Ln(III) at low HNO3.
Introduction of Sprotte needles to a single-centre acute neurology service: before and after study
Authors: Vakharia Vejay N , Lote Hazel 
Published: January 2013

Objectives To introduce atraumatic (Sprotte) lumbar puncture needles and compare complication rates with traumatic (Quincke) needles. Design Complication rates associated with traumatic needle use were retrospectively analysed over a four-week period. Atraumatic needles were then implemented and a prospective analysis of the complication rates was undertaken for a further six weeks. Setting A single-centre acute neurology unit in a London teaching hospital Participants Traumatic needles ( n = 24 patients); atraumatic needles ( n = 36 patients) Main outcome measures Headache rates, use of over-the-counter medications, further medical assistance, time off work, nausea and vomiting, traumatic taps (as per the count of red blood cells per millilitre in the first sample of cerebrospinal fluid [CSF]) and back pain. Results A comparison of traumatic and atraumatic needles revealed a significant reduction in the incidence of post-lumbar puncture headaches (* P < 0.01), headaches requiring over-the-counter medication (* P < 0.00001), need for further medical assistance (* P < 0.006), time off work (* P < 0.003), nausea and vomiting (* P < 0.01) and traumatic taps as per the count of red blood cells per millilitre in the first sample of CSF (* P < 0.02). There was no significant difference in the incidence of back pain ( P > 0.05). Conclusions Most complication outcomes are significantly lower with the use of atraumatic lumbar puncture needles. We present for the first time in the literature that the rate of ‘traumatic taps’ are significantly lower with atraumatic needles. The implementation of atraumatic needles in an acute neurology service is safe and produces reliable, reproducible results in keeping with previously published randomized controlled trials.
Prospective Evaluation of B-type Natriuretic Peptide Concentrations and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women
Authors: Everett Brendan M , Cook Nancy R , Chasman Daniel I , Magnone Maria C , Bobadilla Maria , Rifai Nader , Ridker Paul M , Pradhan Aruna D 
Published: January 2013

BACKGROUND
Animal data suggest that natriuretic peptides play an important role in energy metabolism, but prospective studies evaluating a relationship between these peptides and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in humans are few and results are conflicting.

METHODS
We used a prospective case-cohort approach (n = 491 T2DM cases, n = 561 reference subcohort) within the Women's Health Study to evaluate baseline N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations and the risk of incident T2DM. We also tested for associations between 4 common variants in the natriuretic peptide A and B genes (NPPA and NPPB) and NT-proBNP concentrations (n = 458) and incident T2DM (n = 1372 cases among 22 607 women).

RESULTS
Case subjects had higher median baseline body mass index (29.4 vs 25.0 kg/m2, P &lt; 0.001) and lower baseline median (interquartile range) NT-proBNP concentrations [46.8 ng/L (26.1–83.2) vs 66.7 ng/L (39.3–124.7), P &lt; 0.001]. In proportional hazards models adjusting for established diabetes risk factors, women in the highest quartile of baseline NT-proBNP concentration (≥117.4 ng/L) had a 49% reduction in risk of T2DM [hazard ratio (HR) 0.51, 0.30–0.86, P = 0.01] relative to those in the lowest quartile. Two of the 4 tested variants in NPPA and NPPB (rs632793, rs198389) were associated with increased NT-proBNP concentrations and reduced risk of T2DM. For example, each copy of the minor allele of rs632793 was associated with increased NT-proBNP [β (SE) = 0.201 (0.063), P &lt; 0.01] and decreased T2DM risk (HR 0.91, 0.84–0.989, P = 0.026).

CONCLUSIONS
NT-proBNP concentrations that are high, but still within the reference interval, associate with reduced risk of incident diabetes in women and support a favorable role for natriuretic peptides in the prevention of T2DM.
The Apparent “Paradox” in China's Climate Policies
Authors: Ong Lynette H. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
China, the world's largest energy consumer and greenhouse gas emitter, appears to have contradictory climate policies. While aggressively pursuing a renewable energy policy, Beijing is weak on a commitment to emissions reduction. The “paradox” can be reconciled on the basis of China's priority for growth, which is critical in ensuring the Communist Party's grip on power.
Partisan Effects of Voter Turnout in Korean Elections, 1992–2010
Authors: Lee Junhan , Hwang Wonjae 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
This paper explores the partisan effects of voter turnout in 12 Korean elections. We argue theoretically and show empirically that hypothetical increases in turnout generate benefits for left-wing or minor parties, rather than right-wing or major parties. Complete voter turnout may have changed the actual electoral results in close elections.
Granulation pattern, but not GSP or GHR mutation, is associated with clinical characteristics in somatostatin-naïve patients with somatotroph adenomas
Authors: Larkin Sarah , Reddy Raghava , Karavitaki Niki , Cudlip Simon , Wass John , Ansorge Olaf 
Published: January 2013

ObjectiveSomatotroph adenomas causing acromegaly are histologically classified into densely granulated (DG) and sparsely granulated (SG) subtypes with different morphology, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes. Granulation pattern has been reported to co-segregate with a recurrent mutation at codon 49 in growth hormone receptor (GHR) and GSP oncogene. This study examines response to the octreotide suppression test (OST) in relation to granulation pattern and mutation in GHR and GSP.DesignThis is a retrospective, single-centre study of 52 patients with pathologically confirmed somatotroph adenoma who were naïve to medical therapy presenting between January 2001 and October 2010.MethodsClinical, radiological and hormonal data at diagnosis were recorded. GHR and GSP were genotyped, granulation pattern determined and response to the OST measured.ResultsSG adenomas were larger (P=0.038), occurred in younger patients (P=0.029), were more common in females (P=0.026) and were more invasive (P<0.0001 and P=0.001), with diminished responses to the OST (P=0.007) compared with DG adenomas. GSP mutation was unrelated to granulation pattern but associated with smaller tumours (P=0.027), producing more GH (P=0.048) that responded better to the OST (P=0.022). Codon 49 of GHR was not mutated.ConclusionsAdenoma histological phenotype, not genotype, corresponds to clinical and biochemical characteristics and response to the OST. SG adenomas constitute a clinically more unfavourable subtype but are not associated with GHR mutations in our series. Ascertainment of the adenoma subtype may become an important consideration in the management of acromegaly.
The Border Between the Ultrabithorax and abdominal-A Regulatory Domains in the Drosophila Bithorax Complex
Authors: Bender Welcome , Lucas Maura 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
The bithorax complex in Drosophila melanogaster includes three homeobox-containing genes—Ultrabithorax (Ubx), abdominal-A (abd-A), and Abdominal-B (Abd-B)—which are required for the proper differentiation of the posterior 10 segments of the body. Each of these genes has multiple distinct regulatory regions; there is one for each segmental unit of the body plan where the genes are expressed. One additional protein- coding gene in the bithorax complex, Glut3, a sugar-transporter homolog, can be deleted without phenotype. We focus here on the upstream regulatory region for Ubx, the bithoraxoid (bxd) domain, and its border with the adjacent infraabdominal-2 (iab-2) domain, which controls abdA. These two domains can be defined by the phenotypes of rearrangement breakpoints, and by the expression patterns of enhancer traps. In D. virilis, the homeotic cluster is split between Ubx and abd-A, and so the border can also be located by a sequence comparison between species. When the border region is deleted in melanogaster, the flies show a dominant phenotype called Front-ultraabdominal (Fub); the first abdominal segment is transformed into a copy of the second abdominal segment. Thus, the border blocks the spread of activation from the bxd domain into the iab-2 domain.
Modeling Causality for Pairs of Phenotypes in System Genetics
Authors: Neto Elias Chaibub , Broman Aimee T , Keller Mark P , Attie Alan D , Zhang Bin , Zhu Jun , Yandell Brian S 
Published: January 2013

AbstractCurrent efforts in systems genetics have focused on the development of statistical approaches that aim to disentangle causal relationships among molecular phenotypes in segregating populations. Reverse engineering of transcriptional networks plays a key role in the understanding of gene regulation. However, transcriptional regulation is only one possible mechanism, as methylation, phosphorylation, direct protein–protein interaction, transcription factor binding, etc., can also contribute to gene regulation. These additional modes of regulation can be interpreted as unobserved variables in the transcriptional gene network and can potentially affect its reconstruction accuracy. We develop tests of causal direction for a pair of phenotypes that may be embedded in a more complicated but unobserved network by extending Vuong’s selection tests for misspecified models. Our tests provide a significance level, which is unavailable for the widely used AIC and BIC criteria. We evaluate the performance of our tests against the AIC, BIC, and a recently published causality inference test in simulation studies. We compare the precision of causal calls using biologically validated causal relationships extracted from a database of 247 knockout experiments in yeast. Our model selection tests are more precise, showing greatly reduced false-positive rates compared to the alternative approaches. In practice, this is a useful feature since follow-up studies tend to be time consuming and expensive and, hence, it is important for the experimentalist to have causal predictions with low false-positive rates.
Efficient Targeted Mutagenesis in Medaka Using Custom-Designed Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases
Authors: Ansai Satoshi , Sakuma Tetsushi , Yamamoto Takashi , Ariga Hiroyoshi , Uemura Norihito , Takahashi Ryosuke , Kinoshita Masato 
Published: January 2013

AbstractTranscription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) have become powerful tools for targeted genome editing. Here we demonstrate efficient targeted mutagenesis in medaka (Oryzias latipes), which serves as an excellent vertebrate model for genetics and genomics. We designed and constructed a pair of TALENs targeting the medaka DJ-1 gene, a homolog of human DJ-1 (PARK7). These TALENs induced a number of insertions and deletions in the injected embryos with extremely high efficiency. This induction of mutations occurred in a dose-dependent manner. All screened G0 fish injected with the TALENs transmitted the TALEN-induced mutations to the next generation with high efficiency (44–100%). We also confirmed that these TALENs induced site-specific mutations because none of the mutations were found at potential off-target sites. In addition, the DJ-1 protein was lost in DJ-1Δ7/Δ7 fish that carried a TALEN-induced frameshift mutation in both alleles. We also investigated the effect of the N- and C-terminal regions of the transcription activator-like (TAL) effector domain on the gene-disrupting activity of DJ1-TALENs and found that 287 amino acids at the N terminus and 63 amino acids at the C terminus of the TAL domain exhibited the highest disrupting activity in the injected embryos. Our results suggest that TALENs enable us to rapidly and efficiently establish knockout medaka strains. This is the first report of targeted mutagenesis in medaka using TALENs. The TALEN technology will expand the potential of medaka as a model system for genetics and genomics.
Influence of Hydrogen Dilution on Properties of Silicon Films Prepared by D.C. Saddle-Field Glow-Discharge: Observation of Microcrystallinity
Authors: Allen T. , Milostnaya I. , Yeghikyan D. , Leong K. , Gaspari F. , Kherani N.P. , Kosteski T. , Zukotynski S. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn the D.C. saddle field glow discharge deposition the transition from amorphous to microcrystalline silicon thin films occurs when the silane concentration in the gas phase drops below 10%. We report here the results of Raman spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, and HRTEM studies of the film morphology. We estimate the average crystallite size to be in the range of 5 to 7 nm and the crystalline volume fraction of 25 to 35%.
Tissue Factor as a Novel Target for Treatment of Breast Cancer
Authors: Cole Marion , Bromberg Michael 
Published: January 2013

abstractCME Learning ObjectivesExplain the process by which tissue factor (TF) initiates blood coagulation and is implicated in tumor progression. Describe the proposed mechanisms of targeting TF in malignancy. Discuss the applications of TF targets in developing new treatments for aggressive cancers including triple-negative breast cancer.Tissue factor (TF), a 47-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein that initiates blood coagulation when complexed with factor VIIa (FVIIa), is expressed in several tumor types. TF has been shown to play a role in cell signaling, inflammation, angiogenesis, as well as tumor growth and metastasis. Activation of the TF signaling pathway has been implicated in mediating the function of many tumor cell types and has led to TF as a potential target in the treatment of several malignancies. Formation of the TF-FVIIa complex in breast cancer cells has been shown to exert an antiapoptotic effect and play a key role in tumor growth and metastasis. Breast cancer growth is suppressed by inhibition of TF-mediated PAR2 signaling, and deficiency in PAR2 delays spontaneous breast cancer development in mice. TF is expressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive type of breast cancer in which there is currently a paucity of available targets. Various methods of targeting TF have been investigated and include immunoconjugates or icons, anti-TF antibodies, TF pathway inhibitors, targeted photodynamic therapy, and microRNAs. These investigations may give way to promising clinical therapies for breast cancer, especially in TNBC, for which there are relatively few effective treatment options.
Deglutitive tongue movement after correction of mandibular protrusion
Authors: Fujiki Tatsuya , Deguchi Toru , Nagasaki Toshikazu , Tanimoto Keiji , Yamashiro Takashi , Takano-Yamamoto Teruko 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To investigate any change in deglutitive tongue movement following the correction of malocclusion by orthognathic surgery.

Materials and Methods:
The subjects were nine patients with mandibular protrusion. A control group consisted of 10 individuals with a similar age range and normal occlusion. Swallowing events before and after mandibular setback via sagittal split ramus osteotomy were recorded by cineradiography, and the tongue movement was analyzed. Time and linear measurements were compared before and after surgical treatment by the Wilcoxon signed rank test; control and test subjects were compared with the Mann-Whitney U-test.

Results:
Tongue-palate contact and the tongue-tip position changed after orthognathic surgery and became similar to those of the controls. Movements of the anterior and middorsal regions of the tongue did not change after orthognathic surgery and remained different from those of the controls.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that tongue-palate contact and tongue-tip position during deglutition adapted to the corrected oral and maxillofacial morphology, but the anterior and middorsal regions of the tongue during deglutition may have been affected by pharyngeal constrictors rather than by the oral and maxillofacial morphology.
Modelling of GaN quantum dot terahertz cascade laser
Authors: Asgari A. , Khorrami A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn this paper GaN based spherical quantum dot cascade lasers has been modelled, where the generation of the terahertz waves are obtained. The Schrödinger, Poisson, and the laser rate equations have been solved self-consistently including all dominant physical effects such as piezoelectric and spontaneous polarization in nitride-based QDs and the effects of the temperature. The exact value of the energy levels, the wavefunctions, the lifetimes of electron levels, and the lasing frequency are calculated. Also the laser parameters such as the optical gain, the output power and the threshold current density have been calculated at different temperatures and applied electric fields.
Barriers to Exercise in People With Parkinson Disease
Authors: Ellis Terry , Boudreau Jennifer K. , DeAngelis Tamara R. , Brown Lisa E. , Cavanaugh James T. , Earhart Gammon M. , Ford Matthew P. , Foreman K. Bo , Dibble Leland E. 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundExercise is known to reduce disability and improve quality of life in people with Parkinson disease (PD). Although barriers to exercise have been studied in older adults, barriers in people with chronic progressive neurological diseases, such as PD, are not well defined.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to identify perceived barriers to exercise in people with PD.DesignThe study had a cross-sectional design.MethodsPeople who had PD, dwelled in the community, and were at stage 2.4 on the Hoehn and Yahr scale participated in this cross-sectional study (N=260; mean age=67.7 years). Participants were divided into an exercise group (n=164) and a nonexercise group (n=96). Participants self-administered the barriers subscale of the Physical Fitness and Exercise Activity Levels of Older Adults Scale, endorsing or denying specific barriers to exercise participation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the contribution of each barrier to exercise behavior, and odds ratios were reported.ResultsThree barriers were retained in the multivariate regression model. The nonexercise group had significantly greater odds of endorsing low outcome expectation (ie, the participants did not expect to derive benefit from exercise) (odds ratio [OR]=3.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.08–7.42), lack of time (OR=3.36, 95% CI=1.55–7.29), and fear of falling (OR=2.35, 95% CI=1.17–4.71) than the exercise group.LimitationsThe cross-sectional nature of this study limited the ability to make causal inferences.ConclusionsLow outcome expectation from exercise, lack of time to exercise, and fear of falling appear to be important perceived barriers to engaging in exercise in people who have PD, are ambulatory, and dwell in the community. These may be important issues for physical therapists to target in people who have PD and do not exercise regularly. The efficacy of intervention strategies to facilitate exercise adherence in people with PD requires further investigation.
Establishing a monitoring baseline for threatened large ungulates in eastern Cambodia
Authors: Gray Thomas N.E. , Phan Channa , Pin Chanrattana , Prum Sovanna 
Published: January 2013

Monitoring ungulate populations is an essential part of wildlife management with ungulates performing essential ecosystem roles including structuring populations of large carnivores. A number of ungulate species in Southeast Asia are also globally threatened and are therefore important conservation targets in their own right. We estimated large (> 15 kg) ungulate densities in two protected areas, i.e. Mondulkiri Protected Forest and Phnom Prich Wildlife Sanctuary, in eastern Cambodia using distance‐based line transect sampling. During the 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 dry seasons, we surveyed 110 line transects (randomly distributed across 3,406 km2) for a total of 1,310 km. We used DISTANCE 6.0 to model detection functions from observations of bantengBos javanicus, wild pigSus scrofaand red muntjacMuntiacus muntjakgenerating estimates of group density, cluster size and individual density. Estimated densities ± SE were 1.1 ± 0.2 individual banteng/km2, 1.4 ± 0.4 individual wild pig/km2and 2.2 ± 0.2 individual red muntjac/km2giving an overall density of approximately 4.7 large ungulates/km2. Although wild pig and red muntjac densities were within the range of estimates reported from ecologically similar protected areas in tropical Asia, overall large ungulate density is much lower than the intrinsic carrying capacity of deciduous dipterocarp forest. This appears largely to be due to the scarcity of large deer (i.e. hog deerAxis porcinus, samburCervus unicolorand Eld's deerCervus eldii) as a result of extensive historic hunting. Current large ungulate densities appear too low to support a viable tigerPanthera tigrispopulation in the long term, and ungulate recovery, driven by strong protected area management, needs to be achieved before tiger populations can be restored.