bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study Between Latarjet Procedure Versus Free Iliac Graft in the Management of Recurrent Shoulder Dislocation
Authors: Elwan Mohamed Mohamed Moussa , Shawky Mohamed Salah Eldin , Bayomy El Sayed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
The most common form of shoulder dislocation is the recurrent anterior traumatic type. Latarjet and Eden Hybinette are the two competing techniques in reconstructing significant bone loss accompanying this type.

Aim of the Work:
The aim is to evaluate the functional results in the management of recurrent shoulder dislocation with bone loss by comparing Latarjet and Eden Hybinette techniques.

Patients and Methods:
A prospective, randomized controlled trial was performed on forty adult patients suffering from recurrent shoulder dislocations. Two groups (a total of forty patients; twenty iliac graft cases and twenty Latarjet controls) were performed in a randomized method. We compared the two groups; clinical evaluation was completed before surgery and at least 1 year postoperatively, by using the modified Rowe score which consists of pain level, stability, motion loss, and limitation of function. Satisfactory results included excellent and good results, while unsatisfactory results included fair and poor results. Adverse events were prospectively recorded. CT studies were performed to assess the radiographic result preoperatively, immediately-postoperatively, and at final follow-up visits.

Results:
Both groups did not differ significantly in either the clinical or the radiological aspects (P > 0.05) except for more limited range of motion (ROM) (external and internal rotation) in the Latarjet group at the final follow-up (P < 0.05). One case in the Latarjet group had recurrent dislocation due to tramadol fits. Two cases in each group had anterior apprehension only. Donor-site sensory disturbances were reported in 10% of the iliac group patients. Computed tomography revealed a larger graft size in the iliac group.

Conclusion:
Both Latarjet and Eden Hybinette can be used as reconstructive surgeries in restoring critical bone loss accompanying shoulder dislocations; they did not show significant differences except for the more limited external and internal rotation motions in the Latarjet group.
Is Arthroscopic Management of Synovial Chondromatosis of the Hip Enough?
Authors: Bakr Hany Mohammed Abdelfattah , Abdelkader Salah Mahmoud , Metwally Osam 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Study Design:
The design of the study was a retrospective case series.

Objective:
This study evaluated the clinical and radiological manifestations of synovial chondromatosis (SC) of the hip, along with the role of hip arthroscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of this pathologic condition and its postoperative curative effect.

Patients and Methods:
With a minimum 1-year follow-up, 13 hips with SC received arthroscopic surgery. Preoperatively and postoperatively, patients were assessed for hip pain using the modified Harris Hip Score and Nonarthritic Hip Score.

Results:
Considerable reduction in postoperative hip pain was observed in all cases, along with sufficient improvement in hip range of motion.

Conclusion:
Hip arthroscopy is a trusted and adequate treatment option for hip SC.
Correlation between Component Size and Functional Knee Score in Patients Undergoing Bilateral Simultaneous Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Abouelyazid Saeid , Hafez Mahmoud A. , Toreih Ahmed , Kotb Mohamed Soliman , Tamer Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (simBTKA) has been a favored surgical solution to reduce costs and patient suffering. We aimed to evaluate the rate of asymmetry of component size in patients undergoing simBTKA and its impact on knee function as we believe that implant asymmetry may affect the functional outcomes in those patients.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study design was done on on 60 patients (120 knees) with simBTKA using patient-specific templating (PST). Patients were included if they had Kellgren–Lawrence Grade III-IV osteoarthritis. Revision surgeries, staged BTKA, or patients with bone defects, valgus deformity, severe varus deformity (defined as above 20°), and extra-articular deformities were excluded from the study. The outcome measures were interlimb component asymmetry, Knee Society Score (KSS), and range of motion (ROM). The comparison between pre- and postoperative findings was done using a dependent t-test.

Results:
A total of 29 (48.34%) patients had symmetrical femoral and tibial components, whereas the rest had asymmetry, of them, 11.7% had both femoral and tibial component size asymmetry. There were no statistically significant differences between the changes in KSS and ROM in the smaller implant and larger implant groups (P = 0.5 and P = 0.4, respectively). The total number of complications was eight and as follows: superficial infection, aseptic loosening, rupture of the patellar tendon after a bathroom fall, anemia requiring blood transfusion, residual varus deformity, deep venous thrombosis, periprosthetic fracture, and malalignment.

Conclusion:
There is no correlation between the interlimb component asymmetry and the knee function. However, there was statistically significant improvement from preoperative to postoperative KSS and ROM in small and large implants.
Functional and Radiological Outcomes of a Newly Introduced Modified Manual Cementation Technique Versus Second-Generation Technique in Primary Cemented Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Youssef Abdoulrahman Elsayed , Mehanna Mohamed Taha , Mustafa Mohamed Saleh , Henawy Ayman Tawfik 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Hip arthroplasty is one of the most common reconstructive procedures done in adults.[1] The main purpose of this surgery is to eliminate pain, regain full extent of joint motion, maintaining hip stability, and improve the quality of life for patients.

Objectives:
This work aims to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of two techniques; the second-generation cementation technique and a newly introduced modification of the manual technique in primary cemented hip arthroplasty.

Patients and Methods:
This prospective, randomized clinical trial included 44 patients. Patients were allocated into two equal groups: the case Group A; who had primary hip arthroplasty operation with the modified manual cementation technique and the control Group B; who had arthroplasty using the second generation cementation technique. The average follow-up period was about 12 months after the operation. Operation time, intraoperative parameters, postoperative clinical and radiological outcomes, and complications were compared between the two groups.

Results:
The operation duration was significantly longer in Group B (123.4 ± 9.0 vs. 107.5 ± 15.2, P = 0.001). No intraoperative complications were found among 77% while 13.6% showed allergic reaction to cementation 72% of them are in Group B, 6.8% needed blood transfusion, and 2.3% had pulmonary embolism on cementation. No significant difference between the two studied groups regarding postoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score,[2] barrack grading,[3] complications and Harris hip score[4] at 3 months, 9 months, and 12 months was noted.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, this study concluded that Group A the newly introduced modified manual cementation technique might provide a cheaper and effective alternative to Group B the second-generation technique, with relatively less intraoperative complications and almost no difference in postoperative VAS, Harris hip score, and radiological outcomes over a period of 1-year follow-up.
Comparison of Conventional and Ultrasound-assisted Femoral Nerve Motor Conduction Study in Healthy Controls
Authors: Gattu Abhinay Kumar , Reddy Y. Muralidhar , Murthy J.M.K. , Kiran ESS , Pidaparthi Lalitha , Jaiswal Shyam Krishnakumar , Pennuru Anusha , Nulaka Ravi , Kumar Sudhir 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Ultrasound (US) can identify morphologic abnormalities and aid in the accurate localization of peripheral nerves. It can identify the femoral nerve and improve the stimulator placement in the femoral nerve motor conduction study. We aimed to compare the conventional and US-assisted femoral motor conduction techniques in a healthy population.

Methods:
One hundred and sixty-eight healthy controls (336 nerves) aged 18 years or more and both sexes were enrolled. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist–hip ratio (WHR) were recorded. Stimulation of the femoral nerve was first done blindly (conventional) at the inguinal ligament and later at the site of the nerve identified using the US. Recording was done from the rectus femoris muscle. The mean and fifth percentiles of the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) obtained by both techniques were compared.

Results:
Mean (standard deviation) age of the cohort was 45.5 ± 14.01 years. US-assisted technique recorded larger CMAP than conventional in all age groups, gender, World Health Organization and Asia-Pacific BMI categories, WC, and WHR categories (P < 0.01). The fifth percentile of the CMAP amplitude was also higher in the US-assisted technique.

Conclusion:
Our results indicate that a US-assisted setup could improve conventional femoral nerve conduction studies.
Low-grade dermatofibrosarcoma protuberance - A rare case report
Authors: Yogesh T. L. , Jha Anjani Kumar , Jayaraman Sindhumati , Jayaraman Vidhya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a slow-growing, soft-tissue tumour of early or mid-adult life, affecting both the genders equally. The most common sites are soft tissue of the trunk (50 to 60%), followed by proximal extremities (20 to 30%) and the head and neck region (10 to 15%). Its metastatic potential is low though the local recurrence rate is high. Here, we report a case of a female patient with a large soft tissue growth located at the right cheek, chin and neck region. Local excision was done under the impression of a benign tumour such as lipoma or sebaceous cyst. Histological evaluation showed bland spindle cells arranged in a storiform pattern questioning the provisional diagnosis of the lesion. Further evaluation with the immunohistochemistry (IHC) panel confirmed the diagnosis of DFSP. Since it is a rare tumour of the head and neck region with non-alarming initial presentation and the potential for erroneous diagnosis as another lesion, we present a case of DFSP.
Parasitic colloid cyst: A diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Lewis Amitha J. , Rammohankumar K , Kini Hema , Boaz Karen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The pathologies of the neck are varied and at times may cause a diagnostic dilemma for the pathologist. In this report, we present a case of a 32-year-old man with a slow-growing nodular swelling in the right neck region, which was diagnosed as a simple colloid cyst arising in a parasitic thyroid nodule. Simple colloid cysts are cysts that develop due to impaired accumulation of thyroglobulin in inactive follicles. Most thyroid-related pathologies occur as midline swellings. However, the present case was unique due to its location with no connection to the thyroid gland. This case report describes the diagnostic process and adds insight into the pathology of a colloid cyst.
Role of C-reactive protein, IL-6, and D-dimers in prediction of severity of coronavirus disease 2019: A pilot study
Authors: Jahagirdar Pramod , Vaishnav Kalpesh , Sarathy Niharika Abhay , Singh Harneet , Kumia Komal , Banerjee Abhishek 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
The global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents numerous obstacles for healthcare professionals. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the role of serum biomarkers like- C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and D-dimers in the severity of COVID-19 infection.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional, observational retrospective pilot study was conducted in Udaipur, Rajasthan, wherein data was collected from 250 subjects, out of which, data of 100 subjects were included as per the inclusion criteria. The data was recorded retrospectively among the health professionals via Google Forms in Udaipur, Rajasthan.

Results:
There were 1 (1%), 3 (3%), 31 (31%) and 65 (65%) participants with minor elevation (0.3-1.0), moderate elevation (1-10), marked elevation (10-50) and severe elevation (>50) of CRP respectively. The difference between the groups was statistically highly significant with a significantly higher number of study participants with a severe elevation of CRP levels (χ2 = 107.84, P < 0.001). The results showed that there was a significant difference between the groups with IL6 in 0-7 range while 96 (96%) study participants had >7 IL6, and the difference was statistically highly significant (2 = 84.640, P 0.001).

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the existing body of research indicates a discernible correlation between COVID-19 infection and the fluctuation of biomarker levels. This supplement has the potential to be utilised in clinical practice as a means of informing treatment decisions and determining the necessity of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU).
Expression of caveolin 1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Mishra Shefali , Kanetkar Sujata R. , Datkhile Kailas D. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Context:
Caveolin-1 is a surface protein that is a major structural component of caveolae, which are vesicles of the plasma membrane integral to a variety of signal transduction molecules and transport functions. Caveolin-1 is a biomarker undergoing research & studies have shown an increased expression of Cav-1 in the stepwise carcinogenesis from the normal oral mucosa, hyperplastic mucosa, dysplastic mucosa, precancerous lesions to Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. In the present study Correlation between Caveolin-1 expression and grade of tumor was established statistically.

Aims:
To study immunohistochemical expression of Caveolin-1 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Settings and Design:
Cross sectional study carried out in a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 90 cases of histopathologically diagnosed oral squamous cell carcinoma was evaluated. Grading of the cases into well, moderate and poorly differentiated carcinomas was done as per WHO guidelines . Margin and lymph node status were evaluated. Anti- Caveolin-1 antibody (E249)- Caveolae marker ab32577 was used in the dilution of 1:100. Results were expressed taking reference of the methodology used by Hung et al 2003.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 25.0).

Results:
Correlation of tumor grade and lymph node metastasis was statistically significant p=0.0006. There was a significant statistical correlation between tumor grade and immunohistochemical expression of Caveolin-1, p- value=0.00. Correlation between Lymph node metastasis and Caveolin-1 was statistically significant, p-value=0.008.

Conclusions:
Caveolin-1 expression correlates with aggressive tumor behavior and poor prognostic outcome.
Mucous extravasation phenomenon: A clinicopathologic evaluation of 68 cases
Authors: Kalaimani Gnanambigai , Sivapathasundharam B. , Priyadarshini Lekha , Rajeswari MRC , Karthick B Prem 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
A mucocele is a benign, mucus-containing cystic lesion of the minor salivary gland also called a sialocele and ptyalocele. Two types are recognized as mucus extravasation cyst and the other is retention type.

Objective:
To evaluate the clinicopathologic features of oral mucocele cases.

Materials and Methods:
The archival blocks which were signed out as mucocele were taken for the study. The following parameters such as age, gender, history of trauma, site, histological features, and clinical presentations were taken into consideration.

Results:
68 cases of mucous extravasation cysts were analysed, among which 58% were males and 42% were females. Age of the patients ranged from 4 to 70 years with an average of 20 years. The most common locations were the lower lip (87%), tongue (5%) and buccal mucosa (8%). Almost 53% of cases are seen on the left side of the oral cavity. Most of the cases presented a history of trauma. Histopathologically 23% of cases presented with muciphages in the lumen and connective tissue.

Conclusion:
The commonly encountered benign salivary lesion of the oral cavity is the mucus extravasation phenomenon of the mucocele. Various histopathological features were discussed in this study to avoid misdiagnosis of this common lesion in dental practice.
Molecular expression of Forkhead Box C2 gene (FOXC2) and Prospero homeobox gene (PROX-1) in oral squamous carcinoma and their correlation with clinicopathological parameters: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Benitha Georgia , Ramani Pratibha , Jayakumar Selvaraj , Ramalingam Karthikeyan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground:Forkhead box C2 gene (FOXC2) acts as an epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) inducer while Prospero homeobox 1 gene (PROX-1) function as a regulator of lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). It is presumed that PROX-1 has both tumour-suppressive and oncogenic effects. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the role of PROX-1 and FOXC2 in the invasion and progression of OSCC cases and to correlate their expression with various histopathological parameters.Materials and Methods:A prospective cohort study was conducted in a total sample size of 52 OSCC tissues and histologically tumour-free margins of 20. mRNA expression and protein levels of FOXC2 and PROX-1 were evaluated using real-time PCR and sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. Chi-square analysis and correlation analysis were done. Kaplan–Meier analysis evaluated the survival rate.Results:Mean Ct values of FOXC2 were 1.915 ± 0.519 and PROX-1 was 0.061 ± 0.173. There was a significant 2-fold increase in the FOXC2 expression and a 0.5-fold decrease in the PROX-1 expression in OSCC tissue. Increased levels of FOXC2 protein and decreased levels of PROX-1 with a mean difference of 1.64 ± 0.73 ng/ml and 1.27 ± 0.33 ng/ml were observed in OSCC compared to histologically tumour-free margins. A significant positive correlation was found between the FOXC2 expression and clinicopathological parameters such as staging, perineural invasion (PNI) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) whereas PROX-1 showed a significant negative correlation with histopathological parameters such as staging, PNI, LVI and tumour staging. There was a significant positive correlation between the PROX-1 and histologically tumour-free margins in disease-free survival patients (P-value = 0.03).Conclusion:FOXC2 and PROX-1 expressions were correlated with lymphovascular invasion, OSCC tumour staging and PNI. Thus, FOXC2 and PROX-1 could be possible therapeutic targets in the treatment of OSCC that can inhibit the EMT in OSCC and thereby favouring a better prognosis.
Immunohistochemical analysis of p53 and p63 in selected odontogenic cysts and tumours
Authors: Bartake Anirudha R. , Sarode Sachin , Krishnapillai Rekha , Sarode Gargi , Narang Bindiya , Hallikeri Kaveri 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
It is a well-recognized fact that abnormal cell proliferation plays a crucial role in the development of odontogenic lesions. p53 is a tumour-suppressor gene which assists in cell cycle regulation and p63 is a homolog of p53 responsible for ectodermal differentiation and maintenance of stratified epithelial progenitor-cell. Analysing the tissue expression of p53 and p63 in odontogenic lesions may provide us with an insight into their potential role in the development of these lesions.

Objective:
The objective is to study the expression of p53 and p63 in selected odontogenic lesions using immunohistochemistry.

Materials and Methods:
Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of 15 ameloblastomas, 10 adenomatoid odontogenic tumours (AOT), 15 odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs), 10 dentigerous cysts (DCs) along with 10 cases of normal mucosa were retrieved from the departmental archives. These specimens were then subjected to immunohistochemical staining using p53 and p63 oncoproteins.

Results:
p53 and p63 immune-expression showed mainly intranuclear localization. The mean positivity of p53 in ameloblastoma (59.45%) and OKC (26.38%) was significantly higher than AOT (6.77%) and DC (4%). In contrast, there was no significant difference in the positivity of p63 in between ameloblastoma (77.55%), AOT (69.50%), OKC (76.47%), and DC (50.69%).

Conclusion:
p53 expression can be correlated with the clinical behaviour of the odontogenic lesions and it can be used as a prognostic marker in odontogenic cysts and tumours. In contrast, p63 expression does not corelate with the biological behaviour of odontogenic lesions.
Deciphering the role of TLR3 polymorphisms in oral squamous cell carcinoma pathogenesis: A case-control study
Authors: Sharma Apoorva , Jaiswal Rohit , Singh Sarveshwarii , Asthana Prateek , Tandon Aanchal , Shakarwal Parul 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) poses a significant global health burden, particularly prevalent in regions like India. Despite advancements in diagnostics, early detection of OSCC remains challenging, necessitating novel diagnostic modalities. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and their polymorphisms have emerged as potential contributors to OSCC pathogenesis.

Methods:
This retrospective case-control study examined 120 individuals, including 60 OSCC cases and 60 healthy controls. Genotyping of TLR3 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs3775290 and rs3775291 was conducted using TaqMan allelic discrimination real-time polymerase chain reaction. Functional consequence analysis and TLR3 expression profiling were performed to elucidate their role in OSCC pathogenesis.

Results:
Significant associations were observed between TLR3 SNPs and OSCC susceptibility, particularly at loci rs3775290 and rs3775291. Functional consequence analysis revealed pathogenic mutations in TLR3 genes, potentially affecting protein structure and function. TLR3 overexpression was detected in OSCC lesions, implicating its involvement in disease progression.

Conclusion:
TLR3 polymorphisms play a pivotal role in OSCC pathogenesis, offering potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. Targeting TLR3-mediated pathways may hold promise in personalised OSCC management. Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying TLR3-mediated carcinogenesis in OSCC, facilitating the development of tailored therapeutic strategies.