bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arthroscopic Hip Labral Reconstruction With a Gracilis Autograft Versus Labral Refixation
Authors: Matsuda Dean K. , Burchette Raoul J. 
Published: April 2013

Background: There is high interest but very little evidence to support labral reconstruction of the hip. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical effectiveness of arthroscopic hip labral reconstruction using gracilis autograft in the multistep surgeries for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). The hypothesis was that patients undergoing arthroscopic hip labral reconstruction with gracilis autograft would have improvement in symptoms and function attributable to this procedure. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A comparative retrospective review at a large medical facility was performed of patients who underwent labral reconstruction with a gracilis autograft (RECON group) and those who underwent labral refixation (REFIX group) between October 2008 and November 2009. Inclusion criteria were adult patients having undergone arthroscopic surgery for symptomatic cam-pincer FAI without advanced radiographic osteoarthritis, who had both acetabular and femoral osteoplasties with a minimum 2-year follow-up. Patient satisfaction and preoperative and postoperative nonarthritic hip scores (NAHS) were obtained. Predictive modeling, linear regression, and a nested case-control study were performed. Results: A total of 54 patients met the inclusion criteria. The RECON group (n = 8; mean age, 34.6 years; range, 18-58 years) with an average 30-month follow-up (range, 24-37 months) and 100% participation reported a high level of patient satisfaction (7 high, 1 moderate). The mean NAHS improved by 50.5 points ( P = .008) in the RECON group and 22.5 points ( P < .0001) in the REFIX group; however, the preoperative NAHS was lower ( P < .05) in the RECON group than in the REFIX group. Only the surgery group (RECON vs REFIX) and the preoperative NAHS were significantly associated with the NAHS at follow-up. The predictive model and linear regression revealed a 15.0- and 14.6-point increase, respectively, in the postoperative NAHS in the RECON group compared with the REFIX group. There were no major complications, revision surgeries, or conversion arthroplasties after labral reconstruction. Conclusion: Arthroscopic hip labral reconstruction with gracilis tendon autograft is a safe and effective procedure. Patients undergoing labral reconstruction may not necessarily have outcomes inferior to those of patients undergoing labral refixation despite more severe initial labral insufficiency.
Autoantibodies to the functionally active RING-domain of Ro52/SSA are associated with disease activity in patients with lupus
Authors: Kvarnström M , Dzikaite-Ottosson V , Ottosson L , Gustafsson JT , Gunnarsson I , Svenungsson E , Wahren-Herlenius M 
Published: April 2013

The Ro52 protein of the Ro/SSA antigen was recently defined as an E3 ligase controlling cytokine production. Autoantibodies from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients targeting the Ro52-RING domain, containing the E3 ligase activity, have been shown to inhibit the E3 ligase activity of Ro52. The objective of the present study was to investigate correlations between clinical parameters in patients with SLE and levels of Ro/SSA (Ro52 and Ro60) and La/SSB autoantibodies, including autoantibodies directed towards the functional RING and B-box domains of the Ro52 protein. SLE patients ( n = 232) were clinically examined and disease activity indices collected concurrently to blood sampling. The samples were analyzed for immunological parameters including autoantibodies. Ro52 autoantibody levels were associated with more variables than the other analyzed antibodies and were significantly associated with several individual items related to sSS and the diagnosis of sSS itself ( p = 0.004). Other associated variables were high sedimentation rate ( p = 0.0003), levels of immunoglobulins ( p = 0.0003), and an inverse correlation with levels of lymphocytes ( p = 0.003) and leukocytes ( p = 0.01). Antibodies to the RING domain of Ro52, which is the functionally active domain with E3 ligase activity, were significantly correlated with disease activity as measured by the SLAM score. We conclude that autoantibodies against Ro52 and in particular its functional RING domain are important in lupus patients and associated with several clinical and laboratory features of the disease. The impact on disease activity of Ro52-RING specific antibodies was especially noted, and could imply a functional role for these autoantibodies in inhibiting Ro52 activity, which is important for the control of proinflammatory cytokine production, including type 1 interferons.
Childhood body mass index and multiple sclerosis risk: a long-term cohort study
Authors: Munger Kassandra L , Bentzen Joan , Laursen Bjarne , Stenager Egon , Koch-Henriksen Nils , Sørensen Thorkild IA , Baker Jennifer L 
Published: April 2013

Background: Obesity in late adolescence has been associated with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS); however, it is not known if body size in childhood is associated with MS risk. Methods: Using a prospective design we examined whether body mass index (BMI) at ages 7–13 years was associated with MS risk among 302,043 individuals in the Copenhagen School Health Records Register (CSHRR). Linking the CSHRR with the Danish MS registry yielded 774 MS cases (501 girls, 273 boys). We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Among girls, at each age 7–13 years, a one-unit increase in BMI z-score was associated with an increased risk of MS (HRage 7=1.20, 95% CI: 1.10–1.30; HRage 13=1.18, 95% CI: 1.08–1.28). Girls who were ≥95th percentile for BMI had a 1.61–1.95-fold increased risk of MS as compared to girls <85th percentile. The associations were attenuated in boys. The pooled HR for a one-unit increase in BMI z-score at age 7 years was 1.17 (95% CI: 1.09–1.26) and at age 13 years was 1.15 (95% CI: 1.07–1.24). Conclusion: Having a high BMI in early life is a risk factor for MS, but the mechanisms underlying the association remain to be elucidated.
Benchtop Comparison of a Novel Dynamic Compression Screw to a Standard Cortical Screw
Authors: Kinmon Kyle , Garzon Desiree , Tacktill Jordan , Vassello Wayne 
Published: April 2013

Literature reports the incidence of failed isolated foot and ankle fusions as up to 23%. A contributing factor is the natural bone resorption, which occurs resulting in loss of compression and gapping at the fusion site when standard static compression plates and screws are used. However, an innovative dynamic compression screw may provide lasting compression despite resorption. This benchtop study shows that the FxDEVICES spring-loaded dynamic POGO screw maintains more compression and more consistent compression rate during simulated resorption, as compared with a standard compression screw. The novel screw maintained much greater compression strength within the first millimeter of simulated resorption (13.57 vs 4.38 lb) and maintained greater compression strength at the test completion (1.14 vs 0 lb). The novel screw revealed a more consistent resorption rate over the duration of the simulation. Clinically, this may result in more stability and improved fusion rates. Levels of Evidence: Level V
Bone Wax
Authors: Hill Josh , Little Jessica , Ford Tim 
Published: April 2013

Bone wax has been used for years by surgeons as a hemostatic agent to prevent bleeding from bone surfaces. Though the effectiveness of bone wax as a hemostatic agent while acting as a tamponade is well known, it is not without its complications. It has been documented in the medical literature that bone wax may remain in the body for many years as a foreign body and in some cases cause a giant cell reaction at various surgical sites. However, to the authors’ knowledge, there has not been a reported case of a foreign body giant cell reaction secondary to the use of bone wax in the current podiatric literature. Two case studies are described to bring attention to the fact that bone wax can interfere with bone healing while remaining attached to bone as a foreign body and induce a giant cell reaction and local inflammatory effects in the human foot. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV, Case Study
A functional BCR in human IgA and IgM plasma cells
Authors: Pinto Dora , Montani Erica , Bolli Martin , Garavaglia Guido , Sallusto Federica , Lanzavecchia Antonio , Jarrossay David 
Published: April 2013

Key Points
IgA and IgM human plasma cells express a functional BCR on their cell surface and can therefore respond to antigenic stimulation.
The CXCR1/2 ligand NAP-2 promotes directed intravascular leukocyte migration through platelet thrombi
Authors: Ghasemzadeh Mehran , Kaplan Zane S. , Alwis Imala , Schoenwaelder Simone M. , Ashworth Katrina J. , Westein Erik , Hosseini Ehteramolsadat , Salem Hatem H. , Slattery Robyn , McColl Shaun R. , Hickey Michael J. , Ruggeri Zaverio M. , Yuan Yuping , Jackson Shaun P. 
Published: April 2013

Key Points
Identification of a distinct leukocyte recruitment mechanism by platelet thrombi. Leukocyte migration through thrombi is partially mediated by one or more CXCR1/2 ligands, including NAP-2.
Acute and severe coagulopathy in adult mice following silencing of hepatic antithrombin and protein C production
Authors: Safdar Huma , Cheung Ka Lei , Salvatori Daniela , Versteeg Henri H. , Laghmani El Houari , Wagenaar Gerry T. M. , Reitsma Pieter H. , van Vlijmen Bart J. M. 
Published: April 2013

Key Points
RNA interference of Serpinc1 and/or Proc allows for evaluation of the function of these genes, alone or in combination, in normal adult mice. RNA interference of Serpinc1 and Proc provides a novel, controlled mouse model for spontaneous venous thrombosis.
Risk factors for first venous thromboembolism around pregnancy: a population-based cohort study from the United Kingdom
Authors: Sultan Alyshah Abdul , Tata Laila J. , West Joe , Fiaschi Linda , Fleming Kate M. , Nelson-Piercy Catherine , Grainge Matthew J. 
Published: April 2013

Key PointsAntepartum, we found that established risk factors only had a modest effect on rates of VTE. Postpartum, we found that among other factors, women with stillbirth or preterm birth had high rates of VTE.
Bleeding manifestations and management of children with persistent and chronic immune thrombocytopenia: data from the Intercontinental Cooperative ITP Study Group (ICIS)
Authors: Neunert Cindy E. , Buchanan George R. , Imbach Paul , Bolton-Maggs Paula H. B. , Bennett Carolyn M. , Neufeld Ellis , Vesely Sara K. , Adix Leah , Blanchette Victor S. , Kühne Thomas 
Published: April 2013

Key Points
Severe thrombocytopenia is rare and major hemorrhage is uncommon in children with persistent and chronic ITP. In children with persistent or chronic ITP, there is a trend toward reserving drug therapy for those experiencing significant bleeding.
The relationship between DXA-based and anthropometric measures of visceral fat and morbidity in women
Authors: Direk Kenan , Cecelja Marina , Astle William , Chowienczyk Phil , Spector Tim D , Falchi Mario , Andrew Toby 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
Excess accumulation of visceral fat is a prominent risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity. While computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard to measure visceral adiposity, this is often not possible for large studies - thus valid, but less expensive and intrusive proxy measures of visceral fat are required such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Study aims were to a) identify a valid DXA-based measure of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), b) estimate VAT heritability and c) assess visceral fat association with morbidity in relation to body fat distribution.

Methods
A validation sample of 54 females measured for detailed body fat composition - assessed using CT, DXA and anthropometry – was used to evaluate previously published predictive models of CT-measured visceral fat. Based upon a validated model, we realised an out-of-sample estimate of abdominal VAT area for a study sample of 3457 female volunteer twins and estimated VAT area heritability using a classical twin study design. Regression and residuals analyses were used to assess the relationship between adiposity and morbidity.

Results
Published models applied to the validation sample explained >80% of the variance in CT-measured visceral fat. While CT visceral fat was best estimated using a linear regression for waist circumference, CT body cavity area and total abdominal fat (R
2 = 0.91), anthropometric measures alone predicted VAT almost equally well (CT body cavity area and waist circumference, R
2 = 0.86). Narrow sense VAT area heritability for the study sample was estimated to be 58% (95% CI: 51-66%) with a shared familial component of 24% (17-30%). VAT area is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), hypertension (HT), subclinical atherosclerosis and liver function tests. In particular, VAT area is associated with T2D, HT and liver function (alanine transaminase) independent of DXA total abdominal fat and body mass index (BMI).

Conclusions
DXA and anthropometric measures can be utilised to derive estimates of visceral fat as a reliable alternative to CT. Visceral fat is heritable and appears to mediate the association between body adiposity and morbidity. This observation is consistent with hypotheses that suggest excess visceral adiposity is causally related to cardiovascular and metabolic disease.
Serum sodium based modification of the MELD does not improve prediction of outcome in acute liver failure
Authors: Manka Paul , Bechmann Lars P , Tacke Frank , Sowa Jan-Peter , Schlattjan Martin , Kälsch Julia , Jochum Christoph , Paul Andreas , Saner Fuat H , Trautwein Christian , Gerken Guido , Canbay Ali 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a devastating clinical syndrome with a high mortality rate. The MELD score has been implied as a prognostic tool in ALF. Hyponatremia is associated with lethal outcome in ALF. Inclusion of serum sodium (Na) into the MELD score was found to improve its predictive value in cirrhotic patients. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine whether inclusion of serum Na improves the predictive value of MELD in ALF compared to established criteria.

Methods
In a prospective single center study (11/2006–12/2010), we recruited 108 consecutive ALF patients (64% females / 36% males), who met the criteria defined by the “Acute Liver Failure Study Group Germany”. Upon admission, clinical and laboratory data were collected, King’s College Criteria (KCC), Model of End Stage Liver Disease score (MELD), and serum sodium based modifications like the MELD-Na score and the United Kingdom Model of End Stage Liver Disease score (UKELD) were calculated and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed regarding the prediction of spontaneous recovery (SR) or non-spontaneous recovery (NSR; death or transplantation).

Results
Serum bilirubin was of no prognostic value in ALF, and Na also failed to predict NSR in ALF. The classical MELD score was superior to sodium-based modifications and KCC.

Conclusions
We validated the prognostic value of MELD-Na and UKELD in ALF. Classic MELD score calculations performed superior to KCC in the prediction of NSR. Serum Na and Na-based modifications of MELD did not further improve its prognostic value.
Pathways through which health influences early retirement: a qualitative study
Authors: de Wind Astrid , Geuskens Goedele A , Reeuwijk Kerstin G , Westerman Marjan J , Ybema Jan Fekke , Burdorf Alex , Bongers Paulien M , van der Beek Allard J 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
Due to the aeging of the population, there is a societal need for workers to prolong their working lives. In the Netherlands, many employees still leave the workforce before the official retirement age of 65. Previous quantitative research showed that poor self-perceived health is a risk factor of (non-disability) early retirement. However, little is known on how poor health may lead to early retirement, and why poor health leads to early retirement in some employees, but not in others. Therefore, the present qualitative study aims to identify in which ways health influences early retirement.

Methods
Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 employees (60–64 years) who retired before the official retirement age of 65. Participants were selected from the Study on Transitions in Employment, Ability and Motivation. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, a summary was made including a timeline, and the interviews were open coded.

Results
In 15 of the 30 persons, health played a role in early retirement. Both poor and good health influenced early retirement. For poor health, four pathways were identified. First, employees felt unable to work at all due to health problems. Second, health problems resulted in a self-perceived (future) decline in the ability to work, and employees chose to retire early. Third, employees with health problems were afraid of a further decline in health, and chose to retire early. Fourth, employees with poor health retired early because they felt pushed out by their employer, although they themselves did not experience a reduced work ability. A good health influenced early retirement, since persons wanted to enjoy life while their health still allowed to do so. The financial opportunity to retire sometimes triggered the influence of poor health on early retirement, and often triggered the influence of good health. Employees and employers barely discussed opportunities to prolong working life.

Conclusions
Poor and good health influence early retirement via several different pathways. To prolong working life, a dialogue between employers and employees and tailored work-related interventions may be helpful.
Gallotannin-rich Caesalpinia spinosa fraction decreases the primary tumor and factors associated with poor prognosis in a murine breast cancer model
Authors: Urueña Claudia , Mancipe Juan , Hernandez John , Castañeda Diana , Pombo Luis , Gomez Alejandra , Asea Alexzander , Fiorentino Susana 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
Several treatment alternatives are available for primary breast cancer, although those for metastatic disease or inflammation associated with tumor progression are ineffective. Therefore, there is a great need for new therapeutic alternatives capable of generating an immune response against residual tumor cells, thus contributing to eradication of micrometastases and cancer stem cells. The use of complex natural products is an excellent therapeutic alternative widely used by Chinese, Hindu, Egyptian, and ancestral Latin-American Indian populations.

Methods
The present study evaluated cytotoxic, antitumor, and tumor progression activities of a gallotannin-rich fraction derived from Caesalpinia spinosa (P2Et). The parameters evaluated in vitro were mitochondrial membrane depolarization, phosphatidylserine externalization, caspase 3 activation, DNA fragmentation, and clonogenic activity. The parameters evaluated in vivo were tumor growth, leukocyte number, metastatic cell number, and cytokine production by flow cytometry.

Results
The in vitro results showed that the P2Et fraction induced apoptosis with mitochondrial membrane potential loss, phosphatidylserine externalization, caspase 3 activation, DNA fragmentation, and decreased clonogenic capacity of 4T1 cells. In vivo, the P2Et fraction induced primary tumor reduction in terms of diameter and weight in BALB/c mice transplanted with 4T1 cells and decreased numbers of metastatic cells, mainly in the spleen. Furthermore, decreases in the number of peripheral blood leukocytes (leukemoid reaction) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) serum levels were found, which are events associated with a poor prognosis. The P2Et fraction exerts its activity on the primary tumor, reduces cell migration to distant organs, and decreases IL-6 serum levels, implying tumor microenvironment mechanisms.

Conclusions
Overall, the P2Et fraction lessens risk factors associated with tumor progression and diminishes primary tumor size, showing good potential for use as an adjuvant in breast cancer ER(+) treatment.
Nutritional status of indigenous children: findings from the First National Survey of Indigenous People’s Health and Nutrition in Brazil
Authors: Horta Bernardo L , Santos Ricardo Ventura , Welch James R , Cardoso Andrey M , dos Santos Janaína Vieira , Assis Ana Marlúcia Oliveira , Lira Pedro CI , Coimbra Jr Carlos EA 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Introduction
The prevalence of undernutrition, which is closely associated with socioeconomic and sanitation conditions, is often higher among indigenous than non-indigenous children in many countries. In Brazil, in spite of overall reductions in the prevalence of undernutrition in recent decades, the nutritional situation of indigenous children remains worrying. The First National Survey of Indigenous People’s Health and Nutrition in Brazil, conducted in 2008–2009, was the first study to evaluate a nationwide representative sample of indigenous peoples. This paper presents findings from this study on the nutritional status of indigenous children < 5 years of age in Brazil.

Methods
A multi-stage sampling was employed to obtain a representative sample of the indigenous population residing in villages in four Brazilian regions (North, Northeast, Central-West, and Southeast/South). Initially, a stratified probabilistic sampling was carried out for indigenous villages located in these regions. Households in sampled villages were selected by census or systematic sampling depending on the village population. The survey evaluated the health and nutritional status of children < 5 years, in addition to interviewing mothers or caretakers.

Results
Height and weight measurements were taken of 6,050 and 6,075 children, respectively. Prevalence rates of stunting, underweight, and wasting were 25.7%, 5.9%, and 1.3%, respectively. Even after controlling for confounding, the prevalence rates of underweight and stunting were higher among children in the North region, in low socioeconomic status households, in households with poorer sanitary conditions, with anemic mothers, with low birthweight, and who were hospitalized during the prior 6 months. A protective effect of breastfeeding for underweight was observed for children under 12 months.

Conclusions
The elevated rate of stunting observed in indigenous children approximates that of non-indigenous Brazilians four decades ago, before major health reforms greatly reduced its occurrence nationwide. Prevalence rates of undernutrition were associated with socioeconomic variables including income, household goods, schooling, and access to sanitation services, among other variables. Providing important baseline data for future comparison, these findings further suggest the relevance of social, economic, and environmental factors at different scales (local, regional, and national) for the nutritional status of indigenous peoples.