bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examination of the predictive value of structural magnetic resonance scans in bipolar disorder: a pattern classification approach
Authors: Rocha-Rego V. , Jogia J. , Marquand A. F. , Mourao-Miranda J. , Simmons A. , Frangou S. 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundBipolar disorder (BD) is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Patients are further disadvantaged by delays in accurate diagnosis ranging between 5 and 10 years. We applied Gaussian process classifiers (GPCs) to structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data to evaluate the feasibility of using pattern recognition techniques for the diagnostic classification of patients with BD.MethodGPCs were applied to gray (GM) and white matter (WM) sMRI data derived from two independent samples of patients with BD (cohort 1: n = 26; cohort 2: n = 14). Within each cohort patients were matched on age, sex and IQ to an equal number of healthy controls.ResultsThe diagnostic accuracy of the GPC for GM was 73% in cohort 1 and 72% in cohort 2; the sensitivity and specificity of the GM classification were respectively 69% and 77% in cohort 1 and 64% and 99% in cohort 2. The diagnostic accuracy of the GPC for WM was 69% in cohort 1 and 78% in cohort 2; the sensitivity and specificity of the WM classification were both 69% in cohort 1 and 71% and 86% respectively in cohort 2. In both samples, GM and WM clusters discriminating between patients and controls were localized within cortical and subcortical structures implicated in BD.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate the predictive value of neuroanatomical data in discriminating patients with BD from healthy individuals. The overlap between discriminative networks and regions implicated in the pathophysiology of BD supports the biological plausibility of the classifiers.
Moving in, managing up: executive job formation and political behaviour
Authors: Teodoro Manuel P. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPublic agency executive jobs are temporary matches of individual bureaucrats with government employers. Together, the buyers and sellers of executive labour form jobs in ways that define critical links in the policy process: the relationships between agency administrators and their elected officials. This article argues that when the executive is hired from outside, the job typically carries a mandate for significantly greater engagement with elected officials than when the executive is promoted from within an agency. Analysis of three very different types of agencies demonstrates that individuals who were hired from outside interact with their elected officials more frequently than do those who were promoted from within. These results shed new light on bureaucratic executives’ roles in the policy process, their relationships with the governments that they serve, and the theoretical significance of bureaucratic jobs as units of analysis in public policy studies.
Crystal structure and electrical transport property of KMF3 (M = Mn, Co, and Ni)
Authors: Wang S.L. , Li W.L. , Wang G.F. , Dong D.Y. , Shi J.J. , Li X.Y. , Li P.G. , Tang W.H. 
Published: June 2013

The transition metal fluorides KMF3 (M = Mn, Co, and Ni) were synthesized through a simple solution route. The crystal structure, morphology and electrical transport property of the resulting products were investigated. The compound KMF3 crystallizes in a cubic perovskite structure with space group Pm-3m (No. 221). A crystal structure of KMF3 was refined by the Rietveld method based on the X-ray powder diffraction data. The unit-cell parameters are 4.189 46(4), 4.075 58(4), and 4.025 70(2) for KMnF3, KCoF3 and KNiF3, respectively. A metal–insulator transition was observed in temperature-dependent electrical transport characterization in the temperature range from 250 to 280 K for these three compounds, which is considered to be related to spin-exchange in this kind of material.
Faust, Nested Reception and La Castafiore
Authors: NEWARK CORMAC 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis article examines an example of what might be called ‘nested’ reception – the representation of one work of art within another – in the shape of Gounod's Faust, performances of which were depicted in media ranging from late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century novels to the long-running comic strip Les Aventures de Tintin. In particular, it considers the reception issues raised by the last of these, in which the opera's persistence in the surrounding culture is represented by repeated (and often unexpected) performances of the ‘Jewel Song’ by the diva La Castafiore. Part repository of opera cliché and part creative commentary on Faust's place in a shrinking and stagnating repertory, the passages featuring Castafiore may also pose questions for musicologists: not just about the materials we use to recuperate and represent historical echoes, in the broadest sense, of opera, but also about the historical and critical models we use to interpret them.
Differential expression of microRNAs in 2-cell and 4-cell mouse embryos
Authors: Wang Pei , Cui Ji , Zhao Chun , Zhou Lin , Guo Xirong , Shen Rong , Zhang Junqiang , Ling Xiufeng 
Published: June 2013

SummaryIn vitro fertilized (IVF) human embryos have a high incidence of developmental arrest before the blastocyst stage, therefore characterization of the molecular mechanisms that regulate embryo development is urgently required. Post-transcriptional control by microRNAs (miRNAs) is one of the most investigated RNA control mechanisms, and is hypothesized to be involved actively in developmental arrest in preimplantation embryos. In this study, we extracted total RNA from mouse 2-cell and 4-cell embryos. Using a miRNA microarray, 192 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in 4-cell embryos and 2-cell embryos; 122 miRNAs were upregulated and 70 were downregulated in 4-cell embryos. The microarray results were confirmed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR for six miRNAs (mmu-miR-467h, mmu-miR-466d-3p, mmu-miR-292–5p, mmu-miR-154, mmu-miR-2145, and mmu-miR-706). Cdca4 and Tcf12 were identified as miR-154 target genes by target prediction analysis. This study provides a developmental map for a large number of miRNAs in 2-cell and 4-cell embryos. The function of these miRNAs and the mechanisms by which they modulate embryonic developmental arrest require further study. The results of this study have potential applications in the field of reproductive medicine.
Safety and utility of passive peritoneal drainage following Fontan palliation
Authors: Pitman-Hunt Chaya , Richards Kristen L. , Delius Ralph E. , Walters Henry L. , Mastropietro Christopher W. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjective: Placement of peritoneal drainage catheters intra-operatively has been shown to help prevent fluid overload in children recovering from surgery for two-ventricle heart disease. We aimed to determine whether this practice is also helpful in children recovering from Fontan palliation.Material and methods: A retrospective review was performed on children with single-ventricle anatomy undergoing Fontan palliation at our institution from 2007 to 2011. Variables in those with peritoneal drainage were compared with those without usingt-tests, Mann–WhitneyU-tests, chi-square tests, or analysis of variance for repeated measures as appropriate. Data were represented as mean with standard deviation unless otherwise noted.Results: A total of 43 children were reviewed, 21 (49%) with peritoneal drainage catheters. No complications from catheter placement occurred. The groups did not differ with regard to cardiopulmonary bypass duration, dominant ventricle, pre-operative haemodynamic data, fenestration use, and initial intensive care unit ventilation index. Central venous pressures, vasoactive medication use, and diuretic use during the first 48 hours were also not statistically different. At 48 hours, the median fluid balance was −9 (interquartile range : −50, +20) in those with peritoneal drainage and +77 cc/kg (interquartile range : +22, +96) in those without (p < 0.001), yet median duration of mechanical ventilation was 40 hours (range: 19–326) in those with peritoneal drainage and 23 hours (range: 9–92) in those without, p = 0.01.Conclusion: Patients with peritoneal drainage recovering from Fontan palliation achieved negative fluid balance as compared with those without peritoneal drainage, although this difference was associated with a longer duration of mechanical ventilation.
Using a Cloud-based Electronic Health Record During Disaster Response: A Case Study in Fukushima, March 2011
Authors: Nagata Takashi , Halamka John , Himeno Shinkichi , Himeno Akihiro , Kennochi Hajime , Hashizume Makoto 
Published: June 2013

AbstractFollowing the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011, the Japan Medical Association deployed medical disaster teams to Shinchi-town (population: approximately 8,000), which is located 50 km north of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. The mission of the medical disaster teams sent from Fukuoka, 1,400 km south of Fukushima, was to provide medical services and staff a temporary clinic for six weeks. Fear of radiation exposure restricted the use of large medical teams and local infrastructure. Therefore, small volunteer groups and a cloud-hosted, web-based electronic health record were implemented. The mission was successfully completed by the end of May 2011. Cloud-based electronic health records deployed using a “software as a service” model worked well during the response to the large-scale disaster.NagataT, HalamkaJ, KennochiH, HimenoS, HimenoA, HashizumeM. Using a cloud-based electronic health record during disaster response: a case study in Fukushima, March 2011. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013;28(4):1-5.
Longitudinal characterization of a model of chronic allergic lung inflammation in mice using imaging, functional and immunological methods
Authors: Changani Kumar , Pereira Catherine , Young Simon , Shaw Robert , Campbell Simon P. , Pindoria Kashmira , Jordan Steve , Wiley Katherine , Bolton Sarah , Nials Tony , Haase Michael , Pedrick Mike , Knowles Richard 
Published: June 2013

The present study investigated the role that imaging could have for assessing lung inflammation in a mouse model of HDM (house dust mite)-provoked allergic inflammation. Inflammation is usually assessed using terminal procedures such as BAL (bronchoalveolar lavage) and histopathology; however, MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and CT (computed tomography) methods have the potential to allow longitudinal, repeated study of individual animals. Female BALB/c mice were administered daily either saline, or a solution of mixed HDM proteins sufficient to deliver a dose of 12 or 25 μg total HDM protein±budesonide (1 mg/kg of body weight, during weeks 5–7) for 7 weeks. AHR (airway hyper-responsiveness) and IgE measurements were taken on weeks 3, 5 and 7. Following imaging sessions at weeks 3, 5 and 7 lungs were prepared for histology. BAL samples were taken at week 7 and lungs prepared for histology. MRI showed a gradual weekly increase in LTI (lung tissue intensity) in animals treated with HDM compared with control. The 25 μg HDM group showed a continual significant increase in LTI between weeks 3 and 7, the 12 μg HDM-treated group showed a similar rate of increase, and plateaued by week 5. A corresponding increase in AHR, cell counts and IgE were observed. CT showed significant increases in lung tissue density from week 1 of HDM exposure and this was maintained throughout the 7 weeks. Budesonide treatment reversed the increase in tissue density. MRI and CT therefore provide non-invasive sensitive methods for longitudinally assessing lung inflammation. Lung tissue changes could be compared directly with the classical functional and inflammatory readouts, allowing more accurate assessments to be made within each animal and providing a clinically translatable approach.
High‐sensitivity, AM‐modulated harmonic transceiver for wireless sensing
Authors: Davidova R. , Weller T. 
Published: June 2013

Described is a zero power transceiver that is designed to receive a low‐power RF signal at a fundamental frequency, double the frequency with high efficiency, and retransmit the second harmonic. The specific emphasis of this reported work was to demonstrate a means of imparting amplitude modulation onto the retransmitted harmonic in response to some environmental stimulus – in this case a DC bias voltage – to facilitate use of the transceiver in wireless sensing applications. The 1.3/2.6 GHz transceiver zero‐bias conversion efficiency is approximately 2% (−17 dB) at received input power levels in the micro‐Watt range. A change in the conversion efficiency of 10 dB per 100 mV is achieved through DC biasing of the multiplier.
V‐band injection‐locked oscillator with 9 GHz locking range
Authors: Feng C. , Yu X.P. , Lu Z.H. , Lim W.M. , Sui W.Q. 
Published: June 2013

An injection‐locked oscillator (ILO) with a self‐biased injection circuit is proposed. By using the series‐inductive peaking technique, the efficiency of the signal injection is considerably improved. Implemented in Global Foundries 65 nm bulk CMOS process, the proposed ILO demonstrated a 9 GHz locking range and can operate in 52–71 GHz with the tuning mechanism. Occupying a silicon area of 0.3 mm2, the circuit draws 13 mA from a 1.2 V supply including the output buffers.
Wideband planar antenna with reconfigurable omnidirectional and directional radiation patterns
Authors: Patron D. , Piazza D. , Dandekar K.R. 
Published: June 2013

Proposed is a reconfigurable planar antenna that can generate omnidirectional and directional radiation patterns. The design has been tuned to resonate at 3.8 GHz and covers a bandwidth of several hundred MHz. Using RF switches, the antenna can generate five different radiation patterns: a single omnidirectional mode and four directional modes. Simulations and measurements were carried out and are in good agreement. The compact planar design, large operating bandwidth, and ability to create both omnidirectional and directional radiation patterns make this antenna suitable for small form factor wireless devices in next generation cognitive networks.
Carrier transport mechanism of ohmic contacts to AlGaN/GaN heterostructures analysed by parallel network model
Authors: Kim S. , Choi C.‐J. , Kim H. 
Published: June 2013

The carrier transport mechanism of low resistance Ti/Al/Au ohmic contact to AlGaN/GaN heterostructures was investigated. Based on a parallel network model consisting of the predominant ohmic path (made by TiN‐based contact inclusions) and rest region (no interfacial reaction), the formation of ohmic contact was found to be due to tunnelling of carriers through the thin barrier formed at the TiN‐based contact inclusion, where the barrier height was 0.45 eV and the carrier density was 9.0 × 1018 cm− 3.
Ultra‐high frequency near‐ground short‐range propagation measurements in forest and plantation environments for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Rao Thipparaju Rama , Balachander Dhanavanthan , Tiwari Nishesh , MVSN Prasad 
Published: June 2013

The growing interest in applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in vegetation environment has made it important to understand and predict the impact of vegetation on coverage and signal quality. As most of the proposed vegetation attenuation models are mainly based on measurements in temperate climate their prediction accuracy needs to be tested in tropical climate. With the presence of high humidity and high temperature in the tropical climate the attenuation because of vegetation is bound to increase. Very few researches have been reported about the attenuation because of vegetation related to WSN applications in scrub forest and plantation environments from the regions having tropical climate in Indian subcontinent. This study focuses on short‐range, near to ground received signal strength measurements at 915 and 2400 MHz to evaluate vegetation attenuation models for planning and deployment of wireless sensor communications/networks in tropical climate for precision agriculture and plantation management applications. The measurements have been done in scrub forest, mango and guava plantation environment. It is found that International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Recommendation (ITU‐R) and Weissberger models under predict vegetation because of attenuation, whereas the Cost 235 model has high prediction accuracy in the scrub forest and plantation environments in tropical climate.
Queuing analysis of distributed and receiver‐oriented sensor networks: distributed DS‐CDMA‐based medium access control protocol for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Nagendrappa Thippeswamy Muddenahalli , Takawira Fambirai 
Published: June 2013

The DRMACSN (distributed and receiver‐oriented sensor networks) MAC (medium access control) protocol is a receiver‐oriented protocol, which employs channel load sensing scheme to reduce the delay and the energy consumption in the network. This study presents the queuing analysis of the DRMACSN protocol for DS‐CDMA‐based wireless sensor networks. In this study, a discrete‐time Geom/G /1 and M /G /1 multiple vacation queuing models that are used to model the behaviour of the DRMACSN MAC protocol are discussed. The study provides the results for the packet delay of the DRMACSN MAC protocol through simulations and the analysis. The results show that a reduced delay performance can be achieved by implementing the channel load blocking technique.
Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Total Replacement with Alloplastic Prosthesis: Observational Study of 27 Patients
Authors: Briceño Fernando , Ayala Ronmell , Delgado Karlina , Piñango Sabrina 
Published: June 2013

Background Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) total replacement with alloplastic prostheses has been performed since 1960s. Research in these last two decades has achieved important improvement in the development of biomaterials, design, adaptation, and fixation of the prosthesis components. Objective To evaluate total TMJ replacement with alloplastic prostheses. Methods We studied 27 patients, between 19 and 73 years old, who had total TMJ uni- or bilateral replacement surgery with custom-made alloplastic prostheses manufactured by TMJ Concepts, Inc. (Ventura, CA) between 1996 and 2011. The general data and preoperative measurements were taken from medical records. Subjective data related to pain, diet consistency, and current quality of life were collected with a questionnaire answered by the patients; measures of maximum interincisal opening and lateral mandibular movements were obtained from direct examination. Results We found significant difference ( p < 0.05) comparing pre- to postoperative results about improvement in mouth opening, pain relief, and satisfaction with the surgery and diet consistency. Conclusion The results of this study show that total alloplastic TMJ prostheses are an efficient, safe, and stable long-term solution for patients who need TMJ total replacement.
Informed and automated k-mer size selection for genome assembly
Authors: Chikhi Rayan , Medvedev Paul 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Motivation: Genome assembly tools based on the de Bruijn graph framework rely on a parameter k, which represents a trade-off between several competing effects that are difficult to quantify. There is currently a lack of tools that would automatically estimate the best k to use and/or quickly generate histograms of k-mer abundances that would allow the user to make an informed decision.
Results: We develop a fast and accurate sampling method that constructs approximate abundance histograms with several orders of magnitude performance improvement over traditional methods. We then present a fast heuristic that uses the generated abundance histograms for putative k values to estimate the best possible value of k. We test the effectiveness of our tool using diverse sequencing datasets and find that its choice of k leads to some of the best assemblies.
Availability: Our tool KmerGenie is freely available at: http://kmergenie.bx.psu.edu/.
Contact: pashadag@cse.psu.edu
Laboratory studies of electron and ion irradiation of solid acetonitrile (CH
3
CN)
Authors: Abdulgalil A. G. M. , Marchione D. , Thrower J. D. , Collings M. P. , McCoustra M. R. S. , Islam F. , Palumbo M. E. , Congiu E. , Dulieu F. 
Published: June 2013

The structure and bonding of solid acetonitrile (CH
3
CN) films on amorphous silica are studied, and chemical and physical processes under irradiation with 200 keV protons and 250–400 eV electrons are quantified using transmission infrared spectroscopy, reflection–absorption infrared spectroscopy and temperature-programmed desorption, with the assistance of basic computational chemistry and nuclear materials calculations. The thermal desorption profiles are found to depend strongly on the balance between CH
3
CN–surface and CH
3
CN–CH
3
CN interactions, passing from a sub-monolayer regime (binding energy: 35–50 kJ mol
−1
) to a multilayer regime (binding energy: 38.2±1.0 kJ mol
−1
) via a fractional order desorption regime characteristic of islanding as the coverage increases. Calculations using the SRIM code reveal that the effects of the ion irradiation are dominated by electronic stopping of incident protons, and the subsequent generation of secondary electrons. Therefore, ion irradiation and electron irradiation experiments can be quantitatively compared. During ion irradiation of thicker CH
3
CN films, a cross section for secondary electron-promoted chemical destruction of CH
3
CN of 4 (±1)×10
−18
cm
2
was measured, while electron-promoted desorption was not detected. A significantly higher cross section for electron-promoted desorption of 0.82–3.2×10
−15
cm
2
was measured during electron irradiation of thinner CH
3
CN films, while no chemical products were detected. The differences between the experimental results can be rationalized by recognizing that chemical reaction is a bulk effect in the CH
3
CN film, whereas desorption is a surface sensitive process. In thicker films, electron-promoted desorption is expected to occur a rate that is independent of the film thickness; i.e. show zeroth-order kinetics with respect to the surface concentration.
Exercise training upregulates nitric oxide synthases in the kidney of rats with chronic heart failure
Authors: Ito Daisuke , Ito Osamu , Mori Nobuyoshi , Cao Pengyu , Suda Chihiro , Muroya Yoshikazu , Hao Kiyotaka , Shimokawa Hiroaki , Kohzuki Masahiro 
Published: June 2013

Summary

There is an interaction between heart and kidney diseases, which is a condition termed cardiorenal syndrome. Exercise training has cardioprotective effects, involving upregulation of endothelial (e) nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the cardiovascular system. However, the effects of exercise training on NOS in the kidney with heart disease are unknown.

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether exercise training upregulates NOS in the kidney, left ventricle and aorta of rats with chronic heart failure (CHF).

Male Sprague‐Dawley rats underwent left coronary artery ligation (LCAL) to induce CHF and were randomly assigned to sedentary or treadmill exercise groups 4 weeks after LCAL. Three days after exercising for 4 weeks, urine samples were collected for 24 h and blood samples were collected following decapitation. Nitric oxide synthase activity and protein expression were examined.

Significant interactions between CHF and exercise training were observed on parameters of cardiac and renal function. Exercise training improved cardiac function, decreased plasma B‐type natriuretic peptide levels, decreased urinary albumin excretion and increased creatinine clearance in CHF rats. Nitric oxide synthase activity, eNOS expression and neuronal (n) NOS expression were significantly decreased in the left ventricle and kidney of CHF rats. Exercise training significantly increased NOS activity and eNOS and nNOS expression.

Upregulation of NOS in the kidney and left ventricle may contribute, in part, to the renal and cardiac protective effects of exercise training in cardiorenal syndrome in CHF rats.