bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micro‐Ring Morphology of Ag7NCs and Light‐Induced Reversible Interconversion of FCC Ag14NCs via Cu2+ ions‐Mediated Particle‐Assisted Reversible Interconversion
Authors: Mahato Paritosh , Mandal Koushik , Paria Khokan , Chopra Deepak , Mukherjee Saptarshi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDespite the remarkable progress made on intercluster conversion in atomically precise metal nanoclusters (MNCs) and their self‐organization to develop microscopic molecular architecture with well‐defined size and shape, achieving light‐induced reversible structural transformation and the development of micro‐ring self‐assembly in MNCs have, so far, remained elusive. The present investigation touches on these two long‐standing quests by showcasing a new route, light‐induced Particle‐Assisted Reversible Interconversion (PARI) for the reversible transformation from Face Centered Cubic (FCC) Ag14NCs to Ag7NCs. Our studies reveal that the lack of plasmonic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in the system results in the formation of Ag7NCs with metallic kernels having centrosymmetric crystal packing. The molecular self‐organization of Ag7NCs through various non‐covalent interactions such as C−H⋅⋅⋅O, C−H⋅⋅⋅H−C, and C−H⋅⋅⋅π leads to the formation of micro‐ring morphology, a unique molecular architecture in MNCs. The in situ generated AgNPs due to the acceleration of the reaction kinetics by Cu2+ ions facilitate the growth of Ag14NCs with FCC metallic kernel. These two structural units of AgNCs show light‐induced reversible structural transformation which is also associated with the reversible tuning of their spectroscopic and morphological signatures. This PARI‐guided interconversion strategy put forward a most appropriate example of a structure–property relationship in MNCs.
Molecule Design for Non‐Aqueous Wide‐Temperature Electrolytes via the Intelligentized Screening Method
Authors: Qin Tian , Yang Haoyi , Wang Lei , Xue Weiran , Yao Nan , Li Quan , Chen Xiang , Yang Xiukang , Yu Xiqian , Zhang Qiang , Li Hong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOperating a lithium‐ion battery (LIB) in a wide temperature range is essential for ensuring a stable electricity supply amidst fluctuating temperatures caused by climate or terrain changes. Electrolyte plays a pivotal role in determining the temperature durability of batteries. However, specialized electrolytes designed for either low or high temperatures typically possess distinct features. Therefore, wide‐temperature electrolytes (WTEs) are necessary as they encompass a combination of diverse properties, which complicates the clear instruction of WTE design. Here we represent an artificial intelligence (Al)‐assisted workflow of WTE design through stepwise parameterizations and calculations. Linear mono‐nitriles are identified as ideal wide‐liquidus‐range solvents that can “softly” solvate lithium ions by weak interactions. In addition, the explainable modules revealed the halogenoid similarity of cyanide as fluorine on the electrolyte properties (e.g. boiling point and dielectric constant). With the further introduction of an ether bond, 3‐methoxypropionitrile (MPN) has been eventually determined as a main electrolyte solvent, enabling the battery operation from −60 to 120 °C. Particularly, a LiCoO2/Li cell using the proposed WTE can realize stable cycling with capacity retention reaching 72.3 % after 50 cycles under a high temperature of 100 °C.
Flexible, thermally conductive, electrically insulated, and high‐temperature resistant PDMS@BN composite films with high orientation degree of BN sheets prepared by facile spin‐coating
Authors: Lin Dexuan , Guo Jianhua , Jiang Xinghua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCurrently, flexible thermal interface materials (TIMs) containing hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) as thermal conductive fillers become a research hot spot. In this study, PDMS@BN composite films were prepared using spin‐coating technology, providing a facile and efficient method for the preparation of TIMs. The effects of spin‐coating speed and time on the thermal conductivity and the orientation degree of BN within composite films were investigated. Additionally, a theoretical model was established to calculate the thickness and thermal conductivity of PDMS@BN composite films under various spin‐coating conditions. The findings indicate that with an increase of spin‐coating speed and extension of spin‐coating time, the thickness of the composite films gradually decreases, while the in‐plane and through‐plane thermal conductivity gradually increases. When compared to a low spin‐coating speed of 500 rpm, the thermal conductivity of the films produced by a higher speed of 2500 rpm, exhibited an increase of 274%. The film achieves outstanding thermal conductivity (5.79 W m−1 K−1), extremely thin thickness (60 μm), high volume resistivity (1.22 × 1013 Ω cm) and excellent flexibility by incorporating 60 wt % h‐BN flakes. Overall, this study presents an efficiently and eco‐friendly approach for high‐performance TIMs.
Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds and Essential Oil Profile of Pittosporum tobira (Thunb.) W.T. Aiton Cultivated in Tunisia
Authors: Kahlaoui Samiha , Hcini Kheiria , Haddada Abir , Saadellaoui Wissal , Zardi‐Bergaoui Afifa , Ascrizzi Roberta , Flamini Guido , Harzallah‐Skhiri Fethia , Stambouli‐Essassi Sondes 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe chemical compositions of the essential oils (EOs) of roots, young and old leaves and stems, and flowers of Pittosporum tobira (Thunb.) W.T. Aiton cultivated in Tunisia and of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by the powder of each organ were identified. The EOs are extracted from fresh material by hydrodistillation, whereas the VOCs are obtained by head space solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME) from the powdered dry tissues. Fifty‐eight VOCs are identified, while, 105 components are detected for the EOs. The main EOs compounds are α‐neoclovene, β‐caryophyllene and limonene in roots (22.56, 12.52, and 8.59 %, respectively), viridiflorol in young stems, flowers and young leaves (34.90, 31.60, and 24.60 %, respectively), α‐cadinol in young stems and leaves, and flowers (13.80, 10.40, and 9.10 %, respectively), (E)‐nerolidol in flowers (13.30 %), and germacrene D in old stems (9.06 %). The major detected VOCs are n‐undecane, mainly in young and old leaves (71.40 and 40.90 %, respectively), n‐nonane in young leaves and flowers (31.80 and 27.10 %, respectively), α‐cubebene in old stems and flowers (22.60 and 15.50 %, respectively), and α‐gurjunene and β‐gurjunene in roots (14.20 and 12.20 %, respectively). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) carried out on the 26 main volatile compounds (relative content exceeding 6 %) identified both by HS and in the EOs allowed their classification into two groups; compounds specific to roots and those specific to aerial parts. The later are subdivided in to two subgroups; old leaves and stems compounds subgroup, and young leaves and stems, and flowers one. We can notice that the two methods used to extract P. tobira volatile compounds and identify them are complementary. This study defines and differentiates, for the first time, the specific aroma profile of P. tobira from Tunisia. In addition to its ornamental value, all the organs of this species, could be valued as a source of volatile compounds useful in perfume, cosmetics and as food flavoring products.
Impact of kernel hardness and amylose content on quality characteristics of purple‐colored whole wheat flour
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Kim Hyungseop , Kweon Meera 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study aimed to compare the quality of purple whole wheat flours (WWFs), which exhibit various health benefits. An ultracentrifugal mill was used to prepare purple WWF samples from four distinct purple wheat cultivars (Ariheukchal, AC; Ariheuk, AH; Arijinheuk, AJ; and Sintong, ST) each with different kernel hardness values and amylose contents.FindingsThe average particle diameter (d50) of the WWFs (ST < AJ < AH < AC) was positively correlated with the kernel hardness. The amylose contents of the WWFs increased in the order AC < AH < AJ < ST, whereas their solvent retention capacities (SRCs) in water and sodium carbonate solutions followed the reverse order, similar to the d50. SDS sedimentation volumes did not correlate with the protein contents. ST showed significantly lower total phenolic and anthocyanin contents and antioxidant activities than the other varieties.ConclusionsKernel hardness and amylose content significantly influenced the particle size, damaged starch content, SRC, and pasting properties of the WWFs. Additionally, the nutritional components and antioxidant activities of AC, AH, and AJ suggested strong potential for diverse functional products.Significance and NoveltyPurple WWFs with different kernel hardness values and amylose contents were compared scientifically for the first time.
Low net carbohydrate bakery products using cross‐linked phosphorylated wheat resistant starch type 4
Authors: Jeradechachai Tanya , Maningat Clodualdo C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesLimited information exists regarding the impact of high levels of cross‐linked phosphorylated resistant wheat starch type 4 (RS4) in bakery products. This study aimed to explore the impact of incorporating RS4 (at 64%–83% flour weight) and wheat protein isolate (WPI) in low net carb breads (RS4‐Bread), enzyme crackers (RS4‐Enzyme), and saltine crackers (RS4‐Saltine).FindingsRS4‐Bread had comparable bread quality, loaf volumes, and crumb firmness (Days 0, 1, and 7) as the wheat flour control. The in vitro total dietary fiber analysis of RS4‐Bread yielded a fiber recovery of 90.0%–98.1%, db. RS4‐Enzyme had higher water absorption, longer mixing time, and less elastic dough, but comparable cracker hardness to the control. RS4‐Saltine had a higher water absorption, but lower cracker hardness compared to the control. Fiber recovery of RS4‐Enzyme and RS4‐Saltine crackers were 85.6% and 88.8%, respectively.ConclusionsAnalytical measurements indicated a significant discrepancy in predicting bake mix time and absorption for RS4‐Bread. This research fills gaps in the understanding of low net carb bread, saltine crackers, and enzyme crackers, providing valuable insights into future product development.Significance and NoveltyCombining RS4 and WPI offers potential for health‐promoting, high‐fiber, low net carb products, applicable in various flour‐based foods.
Electrosynthesis of 1,2,3‐Benzotriazines through an Iodide‐Catalyzed Skeletal Editing of 3‐Aminoindazoles
Authors: Baidya Mrinmay , De Sarkar Suman 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis report describes an environmentally benign synthesis of 1,2,3‐benzotriazines through an iodide‐catalyzed electro‐oxidative N‐centered [1,2]‐rearrangement of 3‐aminoindazoles. The developed method demonstrates the activation of heteroatoms via electrochemically generated reactive iodide species without using any metal catalysts and peroxides. The protocol features practical and mild reaction conditions and displays a wide substrate scope. Various mechanistic experiments and cyclic voltammetric studies have been instrumental in elucidating the reaction mechanism, operating via a skeletal rearrangement of 3‐aminoindazoles.
Synthesis of Indole‐Fused Pyrazino[1,2‐a]quinazolinones by Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Selective Hydroamination‐Cyclization of Alkynyl‐tethered Quinazolinones
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Qing , Chen Yan‐Jie , Zou Pei‐Sen , Su Jun‐Cheng , Pan Cheng‐Xue , Mo Dong‐Liang , Su Gui‐Fa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe described a copper(I)‐catalyzed atom economic and selective hydroamination‐cyclization of alkynyl‐tethered quinazolinones to prepare a variety of indole‐fused pyrazino[1,2‐a]quinazolinones in good to excellent yields ranging from 39 %–99 % under mild reaction conditions. Control experiments revealed that coordination‐directed method of quinazolinone moiety with copper(I) was important for the selective hydroamination‐cyclization of alkynes at the N1‐atom instead of N3‐atom of quinazolinone. The reaction could be easily performed at gram scales and some prepared indole‐fused pyrazino[1,2‐a]quinazolinones with donating groups on the indole moiety showed a distinct fluorescence emission wavelength with blue shift under the acid conditions.
Prediction of Covalent Metal‐Metal Bonding in Cp−M−M’‐Nacnac Complexes of Group 2 and 12 Metals (Be, Mg, Ca, Zn, Cd, Hg)
Authors: Gosch Matthew A. , Wilson David J. D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBimetallic CpMM'Nacnac molecules with group 2 and 12 metals (M=Be, Mg, Ca, Zn, Cd, Hg) that contain novel metal‐metal bonding have been investigated in a theoretical study of their molecular and electronic structure, thermodynamic stability, and metal‐metal bonding. In all cases the metal‐metal bonds are characterized as electron‐sharing covalent single bonds from natural bond orbital (NBO) and energy‐decomposition analysis with natural orbitals of chemical valence (EDA‐NOCV) analysis. The sum of [MM′] charges is relatively constant, with all complexes exhibiting a [MM′]2+ core. Quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analysis indicates the presence of non‐nuclear attractors (NNA) in the metal‐metal bonds of the BeBe, MgMg, and CaCa complexes. There is substantial electron density (0.75–1.33 e) associated with the NNAs, which indicates that these metal‐metal bonds, while classified as covalent electron‐sharing bonds, retain significant metallic character that can be associated with reducing reactivity of the complex. The predicted stability of these complexes, combined with their novel covalent metal‐metal bonding and potential as reducing agents, make them appealing targets for the synthesis of new metal‐metal bonds.
Modeling the Condensation Heat Transfer on Horizontal Low‐Finned Tubes
Authors: Losher Tobias , Klein Harald , Rehfeldt Sebastian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMost studies regarding heat transfer on low‐finned tubes address the condensation of refrigerants and water on copper tubes. Existing models are mainly validated for this use case since studies regarding different substances or tube materials are scarce in the literature. This paper presents measurement data on the condensation of n‐propanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, and acetone on low‐finned stainless‐steel tubes. Together with experimental data from the literature, the measurements are used to test the performance of models from the literature. As the investigated models fail to describe all measurement data, a new model based on a set of dimensionless numbers is derived and fitted to the experimental data.
The Human Microbiome—A Physiologic Perspective
Authors: Xiao Yang , Louwies Tijs , Mars Ruben A.T. , Kashyap Purna C. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The human microbiome consists of the microorganisms associated with the body, such as bacteria, fungi, archaea, protozoa, and viruses, along with their gene content and products. These microbes are abundant in the digestive, respiratory, renal/urinary, and reproductive systems. While microbes found in other organs/tissues are often associated with diseases, some reports suggest their presence even in healthy individuals. Lack of microbial colonization does not indicate a lack of microbial influence, as their metabolites can affect distant locations through circulation. In a healthy state, these microbes maintain a mutualistic relationship and help shape the host's physiological functions. Unlike the host's genetic content, microbial gene content and expression are dynamic and influenced by factors such as ethnicity, genetic background, sex, age, lifestyle/diet, and psychological/physical conditions. Therefore, defining a healthy microbiome becomes challenging as it is context dependent and can vary over time for an individual. Although differences in microbial composition have been observed in various diseases, these changes may reflect host alterations rather than causing the disease itself. As the field is evolving, there is increased emphasis on understanding when changes in the microbiome are an important component of pathogenesis rather than the consequence of a disease state. This article focuses on the microbial component in the digestive and respiratory tracts—the primary sites colonized by microorganisms—and the physiological functions of microbial metabolites in these systems. It also discusses their physiological functions in the central nervous and cardiovascular systems, which have no microorganism colonization under healthy conditions based on human studies. © 2024 American Physiological Society.
Compr Physiol
14:5491‐5519, 2024.
Function and Regulation of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease: State of the Field and Clinical Considerations
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Tian Linda , Majumdar Anurag , Scheller Erica L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) is a metabolically and clinically relevant fat depot that exists within bone. Two subtypes of BMAT, regulated and constitutive, reside in hematopoietic‐rich red marrow and fatty yellow marrow, respectively, and exhibit distinct characteristics compared to peripheral fat such as white and brown adipose tissues. Bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) are evolutionally preserved in most vertebrates, start development after birth and expand throughout life, and originate from unique progenitor populations that control bone formation and hematopoiesis. Mature BMAds also interact closely with other cellular components of the bone marrow niche, serving as a nearby energy reservoir to support the skeletal system, a signaling hub that contributes to both local and systemic homeostasis, and a final fuel reserve for survival during starvation. Though BMAT and bone are often inversely correlated, more BMAT does not always mean less bone, and the prevention of BMAT expansion as a strategy to prevent bone loss remains questionable. BMAT adipogenesis and lipid metabolism are regulated by the nervous systems and a variety of circulating hormones. This contributes to the plasticity of BMAT, including BMAT expansion in common physiological or pathological conditions, and BMAT catabolism under certain extreme circumstances, which are often associated with malnutrition and/or systemic inflammation. Altogether, this article provides a comprehensive overview of the local and systemic functions of BMAT and discusses the regulation and plasticity of this unique adipose tissue depot in health and disease. © 2024 American Physiological Society.Compr Physiol14:5521‐5579, 2024.
Clinical trial status of exosomes‐based cancer theranostics
Authors: Sonar Swarup 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExosomes, are a subpopulation of extracellular vesicles, that originate from endosomes. The major role of exosomes is cellular communication (in this process exosomes display the status of the parental cell's nature, healthy or the cell suffers any pathological complication). In recent decades, research evidence highlighted that exosomes are the masterminds of cancer development and they appear as smart solutions for early diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic (eg. stem cell, plant and immune cell‐derived exosomes) approaches. Exosomes transform the cancer liquid biopsy into a new orientation. Several biofluids (blood, plasma, serum, saliva, urine, CSF (Cerebrospinal Fluid) and cancer tissue are used for exosome‐based cancer biomarkers detection. Liquid biopsy becomes more efficient for exosomes, compared to tissue biopsy. Exosomes biocompatibility, low toxicity, and ability to cross biological membranes make it a potential tool for cancer therapeutic development. Exosome‐based cancer therapeutics introduce a cutting‐edge era of cell‐free cancer therapy. This article explores the critical role of exosomes in cancer development, progression, treatment, and clinical trials. Exosome‐based clinical trials indicate that we are close to cancer precision medicine.
Molecular anatomy of emerging Xenopus left–right organizer at successive developmental stages
Authors: Petri Natalia , Vetrova Alexandra , Tsikolia Nikoloz , Kremnyov Stanislav 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundVertebrate left–right symmetry breaking is preceded by formation of left–right organizer. In Amphibian, this structure is formed by gastrocoel roof plate, which emerges from superficial suprablastoporal cells. GRP is subdivided into medial area, which generates leftward flow by rotating monocilia and lateral Nodal1 expressing areas, which are involved in sensing of the flow. After successful symmetry breaking, medial cells are incorporated into a deep layer where they contribute to the axial mesoderm, while lateral domains join somitic mesoderm.ResultsHere, we performed detailed analysis of spatial and temporal gene expression of important markers and the corresponding morphology of emerging GRP. Endodermal marker Sox17 and markers of superficial mesoderm display complementary patterns at all studied stages. At early stages, GRP forms Tekt2 positive epithelial domain clearly separated from underlying deep layers, while at later stages, this separation disappears. Marker of early somitic mesoderm MyoD1 was absent in emerging GRP and was induced together with Nodal1 during early neurulation. Decreasing morphological separation is accompanied by lateral to medial covering of GRP by endoderm.ConclusionOur data supports continuous link between superficial mesoderm at the start of gastrulation and mature GRP and suggests late induction of somitic fate in lateral GRP.
Partnering With Food Pantries to Disseminate and Implement Eating Disorder Interventions
Authors: Graham Andrea K. , Azubuike Chidiebere , Johnson Ladell , Parsons Leah M. , Lipman Lindsay D. , Rooper Isabel R. , Ortega Adrian , Kruger Camino Macarena , Miller Graham , Jia Jenny , Wildes Jennifer E. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveFood insecurity is associated with eating disorder psychopathology. This Spotlight describes why food pantries could be promising partners for disseminating and implementing eating disorder interventions.MethodResearchers are increasingly collaborating with community‐based organizations to improve access to health interventions, because community‐based organizations overcome structural barriers to traditional healthcare by being embedded physically in the communities they serve, convenient to visit, regularly frequented, and led by trusted community members.ResultsWe describe strategies we have identified with our partner to disseminate and implement our digital intervention for binge eating; we also discuss ways we support the pantry's needs to improve the mutuality of the partnership.DiscussionThe potential benefits of partnerships with food pantries make this an area to explore further. Future research directions include deeply engaging with food pantries to determine how pantries benefit from disseminating and implementing eating disorder interventions and how to intervene in non‐stigmatizing ways, what resources they need to sustainably support these efforts, what eating disorder intervention modalities guests are willing and able to engage with, what intervention adaptations are needed so individuals with food insecurity can meaningfully engage in eating disorder intervention, and what implementation strategies facilitate uptake to intervention sustainably over time.