bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjunctive Atropine Versus Metoclopramide: Can We Reduce Ketamine‐associated Vomiting in Young Children? A Prospective, Randomized, Open, Controlled Study
Authors: Lee Ji Sook , Jeon Woo Chan , Park Eun Jung , Min Young Gi , Jung Yoon Seok , Kim Gi Woon , Choi Sang Cheon 
Published: September 2012

ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2012; 19:1128–1133 © 2012 by the Society for Academic Emergency MedicineAbstractObjectives:  Pediatric procedural sedation and analgesia (PPSA) with ketamine administration occurs commonly in the emergency department (ED). Although ketamine‐associated vomiting (KAV) is a less serious complication of ketamine administration, it seems to be cumbersome and not uncommon. The authors evaluated the incidence of KAV and the prophylactic effect of adjunctive atropine and metoclopramide in children receiving ketamine sedation in the ED setting.Methods:  This prospective, randomized, open, controlled study was conducted in children receiving ketamine sedation in the ED of a university‐affiliated, tertiary hospital with 85,000 ED visits, including 32,000 pediatric patients from October 2010 to September 2011. The primary outcome was a measure of the incidence of KAV in the ED and after discharge according to the adjunctive drug administered. Secondary outcome measures included the time to resumption of a normal diet after ketamine sedation.Results:  Of the 1,883 children administered ketamine for primary wound repair during the study period, a convenience sample of 338 patients aged 4 months to 5 years was enrolled. The incidences of KAV were 28.4% in the ketamine alone group, 27.9% in the ketamine with adjunctive atropine group, and 31.2% in the ketamine with adjunctive metoclopramide group (p = 0.86). The vomiting rate after discharge was 9.2% in the ketamine alone group. The nothing‐by‐mouth (NPO) status before sedation did not influence the incidence of KAV in any of the groups. Mean times to resumption of normal diet after ketamine administration were 7 hours 59 minutes in the ketamine alone group, 7 hours 35 minutes in the ketamine with atropine group, and 8 hours 1 minute in the ketamine with metoclopramide group (p = 0.64).Conclusions:  In this study, a high rate (28.4%) of KAV was observed, consistent with prior reports using the intramuscular (IM) route. However, the authors were unable to reduce KAV using adjunctive atropine or metoclopramide. Parents or caregivers should be given more detailed discharge instructions about vomiting and diet considering the relatively long time to resuming a normal diet after ketamine sedation and the fact that KAV often occurred after ED discharge.
Gender Differences in Initiation of Negotiation: Does the Gender of the Negotiation Counterpart Matter?
Authors: Eriksson Karin Hederos , Sandberg Anna 
Published: September 2012

In this study, we investigated if and how gender differences in the propensity to initiate a negotiation are affected by the gender of the counterpart in the negotiation. We enlisted 204 Swedish students to take part in an experiment in which they had to decide whether to initiate a negotiation for higher compensation. In line with previous research, we found that men were more likely than women to initiate a negotiation: 42 percent of the male and 28 percent of the female participants initiated a negotiation.The gender difference, however, was only large and statistically significant when the negotiation counterpart was a woman. With a female negotiation counterpart, women were less likely than men to initiate a negotiation by 24 percentage points, while with a male negotiation counterpart, the gender difference was only 5 percentage points and not statistically significant. This result suggests that the gender of the negotiation counterpart should be taken into consideration when analyzing gender differences in initiation of negotiation.
A parent‐directed portion education intervention for young children: Be Beary Healthy
Authors: Small Leigh , Bonds‐McClain Darya , Vaughan Linda , Melnyk Bernadette , Gannon Alex , Thompson Sharon 
Published: September 2012

AbstractPurpose.This pilot study aimed to determine the effects of an intervention on nutrition knowledge, food parents serve, and children's dietary intake.Design and Methods.A single‐group pre‐/posttest design was used with 45 mothers and their 4‐ to 6‐year‐old children. After pretesting, parents received child nutrition information and portion‐related activities.Results.Paired samples t‐tests revealed that from pre‐ to posttest the average calories mothers served and the average calories children ate significantly decreased (medium effect size). Medium effects also were recognized from pre‐ to posttest for the carbohydrates served and carbohydrates consumed. No significant change was found in parents' nutrition knowledge.Practice Implications.Interventions focusing on skill building rather than on increasing knowledge may more effectively lead to changed child intake.
Pediatric skin care: What do nurses really know?
Authors: Drake Jennifer , Redfern Wendi S. , Sherburne Eileen , Nugent Melodee L. , Simpson Pippa 
Published: September 2012

AbstractPurpose.The purpose of this study was to explore pediatric nurses’ knowledge of pressure ulcer prevention, investigate their beliefs and practices, and identify the barriers and facilitators to providing evidence‐based pressure ulcer preventive practices.Design and Methods.An exploratory, descriptive, and cross‐sectional survey was taken of registered nurses in a freestanding children's hospital.Results.Nurses have adequate knowledge of general pressure ulcer prevention; however, they struggle with individualization. Further, analysis revealed that nursing knowledge did not always correlate with nursing practice.Practice Implications.Nurses require education on individualized interventions and access to user‐friendly, interactive, and comprehensive resources, including unit‐based champions and order sets.
Functional Diversity of CYCLOIDEA‐like TCP Genes in the Control of Zygomorphic Flower Development in Lotus japonicus
Authors: Xu Shilei , Luo Yonghai , Cai Zhigang , Cao Xiangling , Hu Xiaohe , Yang Jun , Luo Da 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
CYCLOIDEA (CYC)‐like TCP genes play key roles in dorsoventral differentiation of zygomorphic flowers in Papilionoideae legumes. In this study, we analyzed the kew mutants whose flowers lost lateral identity, and investigated the diverse functions of three LjCYC genes during zygomorphic flower development in the model legume Lotus japonicus. We showed that kew1 and kew3 are allelic mutants of LjCYC3, a CYC‐like TCP gene. Through transgenic experiments, it was shown that LjCYC1 possesses dorsal activity similar to LjCYC2, and that LjCYC3 alone is sufficient to confer lateral activity, and an epistatic effect between dorsal and lateral activities was identified. Sequence analysis revealed a striking alteration at the 3′ end of the LjCYC3 open reading frame (ORF) in comparison with those of LjCYC1 and LjCYC2 ORFs. Furthermore, it was found that LjCYC proteins could interact with each other and possess different activities by means of a transcriptional activity assay. Our data demonstrate that the sequence variation and the subsequent alteration of protein property play important roles in the functional diversity of different LjCYC genes in controlling zygomorphic flower development in Lotus japonicus.
Cosmic structure and dynamics of the local Universe
Authors: Kitaura Francisco-Shu , Erdoğdu Pirin , Nuza Sebastián E. , Khalatyan Arman , Angulo Raul E. , Hoffman Yehuda , Gottlöber Stefan 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
We present a cosmography analysis of the local Universe based on the recently released Two-Micron All-Sky Redshift Survey catalogue. Our method is based on a Bayesian Networks Machine Learning algorithm (the Kigen-code) which self-consistently samples the initial density fluctuations compatible with the observed galaxy distribution and a structure formation model given by second-order Lagrangian perturbation theory (2LPT). From the initial conditions we obtain an ensemble of reconstructed density and peculiar velocity fields which characterize the local cosmic structure with high accuracy unveiling non-linear structures like filaments and voids in detail. Coherent redshift-space distortions are consistently corrected within 2LPT. From the ensemble of cross-correlations between the reconstructions and the galaxy field and the variance of the recovered density fields, we find that our method is extremely accurate up to k∼1 h Mpc−1 and still yields reliable results down to scales of about 3–4 h−1 Mpc. The motion of the Local Group we obtain within ∼80 h−1 Mpc (νLG = 522 ± 86 km s−1, lLG = 291° ± 16°, bLG = 34° ± 8°) is in good agreement with measurements derived from the cosmic microwave background and from direct observations of peculiar motions and is consistent with the predictions of ΛCDM.
Lamellicorn beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) in Korea and Mongolia
Authors: Bayartogtokh Badamdorj , Kim Jin Ill , Bae Yeon Jae 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis work was undertaken as an initial part of the collaborative effort between Korean and Mongolian researchers to study the terrestrial and aquatic insects in these countries. An analysis of data on faunal composition, taxonomic diversity and biogeographical structure of lamellicorn beetles in Korea and Mongolia was conducted in order to characterize the faunal relations between two countries. The Korean fauna of lamellicorn beetles is almost two fold greater in both generic diversity and species richness than that of Mongolia. The species compositions of lamellicorn beetles in two countries are substantially different from each other and the relative levels of faunal overlap are insignificant. Not only the faunal diversity and composition, but also the biogeographical structure of lamellicorn beetles in Korea and Mongolia display dissimilar patterns, except for their similar degree of endemism. Additional data on communities of dung beetles in the grasslands of central Mongolia, as well as a brief discussion on conservation issues of the endangered species in Korea, especially Gymnopleurus mopsus, are given.
Stereospecific Positional Distribution of Fatty Acids of Camellia (Camellia japonica L.) Seed Oil
Authors: Noh Siwon , Yoon Suk Hoo 
Published: September 2012

Abstract:  The stereospecific positional distribution of fatty acids of camellia seed oil (also called camellia oil) was determined. The camellia oil was mainly composed of neutral lipids (88.2%), and the oleic acid (86.3%) was found to be a major fatty acid of neutral lipids. In the glycolipids and phospholipids, the oleic acid was also found to be a major fatty acid at 62.5% and 54.2%, respectively. The oleic acid was distributed abundantly in all sn‐1, 2, and 3 positions. It was found that the oleic acid was present more at sn‐2 (93.6%) and 3 positions (94.7%), than at sn‐1 position (66.0%).Practical Application:  The information of stereospecific positional distribution of fatty acids in the camellia oil can be used for the development of the structured lipids for food, pharmaceutical, and medical purposes.
Feature Selection and Recognition from Nonspecific Volatile Profiles for Discrimination of Apple Juices According to Variety and Geographical Origin
Authors: Guo Jing , Yue Tianli , Yuan Yahong 
Published: September 2012

Abstract:  Apple juice is a complex mixture of volatile and nonvolatile components. To develop discrimination models on the basis of the volatile composition for an efficient classification of apple juices according to apple variety and geographical origin, chromatography volatile profiles of 50 apple juice samples belonging to 6 varieties and from 5 counties of Shaanxi (China) were obtained by headspace solid‐phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography. The volatile profiles were processed as continuous and nonspecific signals through multivariate analysis techniques. Different preprocessing methods were applied to raw chromatographic data. The blind chemometric analysis of the preprocessed chromatographic profiles was carried out. Stepwise linear discriminant analysis (SLDA) revealed satisfactory discriminations of apple juices according to variety and geographical origin, provided respectively 100% and 89.8% success rate in terms of prediction ability. Finally, the discriminant volatile compounds selected by SLDA were identified by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. The proposed strategy was able to verify the variety and geographical origin of apple juices involving only a reduced number of discriminate retention times selected by the stepwise procedure. This result encourages the similar procedures to be considered in quality control of apple juices.Practical Application:  This work presented a method for an efficient discrimination of apple juices according to apple variety and geographical origin using HS‐SPME‐GC‐MS together with chemometric tools. Discrimination models developed could help to achieve greater control over the quality of the juice and to detect possible adulteration of the product.
Is self‐explanation worth the time? A comparison to additional practice
Authors: McEldoon Katherine L. , Durkin Kelley L. , Rittle‐Johnson Bethany 
Published: September 2012

BackgroundSelf‐explanation, or generating explanations to oneself in an attempt to make sense of new information, can promote learning. However, self‐explaining takes time, and the learning benefits of this activity need to be rigorously evaluated against alternative uses of this time.AimsIn the current study, we compared the effectiveness of self‐explanation prompts to the effectiveness of solving additional practice problems (to equate for time on task) and to solving the same number of problems (to equate for problem‐solving experience).SampleParticipants were 69 children in grades 2–4.MethodsStudents completed a pre‐test, brief intervention session, and a post‐ and retention test. The intervention focused on solving mathematical equivalence problems such as 3 + 4 + 8 = _ + 8. Students were randomly assigned to one of three intervention conditions: self‐explain, additional‐practice, or control.ResultsCompared to the control condition, self‐explanation prompts promoted conceptual and procedural knowledge. Compared to the additional‐practice condition, the benefits of self‐explanation were more modest and only apparent on some subscales.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that self‐explanation prompts have some small unique learning benefits, but that greater attention needs to be paid to how much self‐explanation offers advantages over alternative uses of time.
Can we risk recovery? A grounded theory of clinical psychologists' perceptions of risk and recovery‐oriented mental health services
Authors: Tickle Anna , Brown Dora , Hayward Mark 
Published: September 2012

ObjectivesThis study sought to explore the views of clinical psychologists towards the concepts of ‘risk’ and ‘recovery’ and to set those views against the context of mental health services.DesignAn exploratory, social constructionist grounded theory methodology was adopted.MethodsEleven clinical psychologists working in adult mental health services each participated in one individual semistructured interview.ResultsThe clinical psychologists studied were aware of the emergence of recovery‐oriented approaches, but felt unable to incorporate them in practice because of perceptions of being bound by both their own limitations and those of their circumstances, including issues of risk, thus giving rise to dilemmas in professional practice. Narrow definitions of risk as equated to danger dominated over broader conceptualizations of risk with positive consequences. The existing culture of mental health services was seen as emphasizing the need to avoid harmful consequences of taking risks, which in turn was seen to limit innovations in implementing recovery‐oriented approaches.ConclusionsParticipants' ability to work in a recovery‐oriented manner seemed to be limited by the way in which services perceived and responded to risk. Participants did not discuss risks arising from stigma, social exclusion, racism, sexism, or iatrogenic effects of psychiatric treatment. Narrow conceptualizations of risk as related to harm and danger seen in this study contribute to a sense of needing to be risk averse. However, the implications for practice included ideas about what might increase the possibilities for adopting recovery approaches across disciplines.Practitioner Points

Professionals should be encouraged to broaden their conceptualizations of risk to include issues such as social exclusion and poverty. This might encourage the incorporation of recovery approaches in practice.

The strategic incorporation of recovery‐oriented approaches could be supported by the development of a culture of learning that promotes individual professional development and offers guidelines for recovery‐oriented practice.

Sharing decision‐making and responsibility among team members, service users, and carers can reduce anxiety about risk and increase opportunities for taking positive risk, which can promote recovery.
Validation of alternative indicators of social support in perinatal outcomes research using quality of the partner relationship
Authors: Kruse Julie A. , Low Lisa Kane , Seng Julia S. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAimTo test alternatives to the current research and clinical practice of assuming that married or partnered status is a proxy for positive social support.BackgroundHaving a partner is assumed to relate to better health status via the intermediary process of social support. However, women's health research indicates that having a partner is not always associated with positive social support.DesignAn exploratory post hoc analysis focused on posttraumatic stress and childbearing was conducted using a large perinatal database from 2005–2009.MethodsTo operationalize partner relationship, four variables were analysed: partner (‘yes’ or ‘no’), intimate partner violence (‘yes’ or ‘no’), the combination of those two factors, and the woman's appraisal of the quality of her partner relationship via a single item. Construct validity of these four alternative variables was assessed in relation to appraisal of the partner's social support in labour and the postpartum using linear regression standardized betas and adjusted R‐squares. Predictive validity was assessed using unadjusted and adjusted linear regression modelling.ResultsFour groups were compared. Married, abused women differed most from married, not abused women in relation to the social support, and depression outcomes used for validity checks. The variable representing the women's appraisals of their partner relationships accounts for the most variance in predicting depression scores.ConclusionsOur results support the validity of operationalizing the impact of the partner relationship on outcomes using a combination of partnered status and abuse status or using a subjective rating of quality of the partner relationship.
Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Hypertension in Men and Women: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Briasoulis Alexandros , Agarwal Vikram , Messerli Franz H. 
Published: September 2012

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2012;14:792–798. ©2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Heavy alcohol intake increases the risk of hypertension, but the relationship between light to moderate alcohol consumption and incident hypertension remains controversial. The authors sought to analyze the dose‐response relationship between average daily alcohol consumption and the risk of hypertension via systematic review and meta‐analysis. Electronic databases were searched for prospective control studies examining quantitative measurement of alcohol consumption and biological measurement of outcome. The primary endpoint was the risk of developing hypertension based on alcohol consumption. The level of alcohol consumption from each study was assigned to categorical groups based on the midpoint of their alcohol consumption classes to make possible the comparison of heterogeneous classification of alcohol intake. A total of 16 prospective studies (33,904 men and 193,752 women) were included in the analysis. Compared with nondrinkers, men with alcohol consumption with <10 g/d and 11 to 20 g/d had a trend toward increased risk of hypertension (relative risk [RR], 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94–1.13; P=.51) and (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.99–1.33; P=.06), respectively, whereas a significantly increased risk of hypertension was found with heavy alcohol consumption of 31 to 40 g/d (RR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.39–2.26; P<.001) and >50 g/d (RR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.38–1.87; P<.001). Among women, the meta‐analysis indicated protective effects at <10 g/d (RR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.82–0.92; P<.001) and a trend toward decreased risk of hypertension with alcohol consumption 11 to 20 g/d (RR, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.87–1.04; P=.17), whereas a significantly increased risk of hypertension was indicated with heavy alcohol consumption of 21 to 30 g/d (RR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.91–1.46; P=.23) and 31 to 40 g/d (RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.07–1.32; P=.002). In men, heavy alcohol consumption is associated with increased risk of hypertension, whereas there is a trend toward increased risk of hypertension with low and moderate alcohol consumption. The relationship between alcohol consumption and hypertension is J‐shaped in women. Limiting alcohol intake should be advised for both men and women.
Ectopic Expression of Rice OsBIANK1, Encoding an Ankyrin Repeat‐Containing Protein, in Arabidopsis Confers Enhanced Disease Resistance to Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae
Authors: Li Dayong , Wang Fengrang , Liu Bo , Zhang Yafen , Huang Lei , Zhang Huijuan , Song Fengming 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAnkyrin repeat‐containing proteins comprise a large family whose members have been shown to play important roles in various aspects of biological processes in plant growth and development as well as in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. We previously identified a rice gene, OsBIANK1, encoding an ankyrin repeat‐containing protein and found that expression of OsBIANK1 can be induced by defence signalling molecules and by infection of Magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of blast disease. To better understand the possible function of OsBIANK1 in disease resistance, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis plants that constitutively overexpress the OsBIANK1 gene. Results from disease assays revealed that the OsBIANK1‐overexpressing plants display increased resistance against Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 as compared with the wild‐type plants. In OsBIANK1‐overexpressing plants, expression of some of well‐known defence genes (e.g. PR‐1, PR‐2 and PDF1.2) was up‐regulated after infection with B. cinerea or P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Furthermore, the OsBIANK1‐overexpressing plants showed decreased levels of reactive oxygen species (i.e. superoxide anion and H2O2) after Botrytis infection. Thus, our present results further support the role of OsBIANK1 in regulation of defence responses against different types of pathogens.