bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Color discrimination subject to illuminant and color transition
Authors: Kramer Guido , Schierz Christoph 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDue to technological influence on the production process there are variations of the chromaticity coordinates that may cause visible differences of the perceived color of LEDs of the same production batch. To minimize the negative impact of such variations for the user the manufacturers carry out colorimetric measurements of LEDs and sort them into tolerance groups of similar chromaticity coordinates. The corresponding groups are defined by their respective center point surrounded by a quadrangular tolerance limit whereas the tolerance limits are based on tolerance ellipses gained in the 1940s by MacAdam. However, due to another scientific target of MacAdam's experiments, applying his ellipses as a base for grouping the chromaticity coordinates has to be questioned. With a view toward a method for grouping according to chromaticity coordinates for white LEDs with phosphor conversion, the results of research with test subjects regarding their discrimination and magnitude perception of chromatic differences are presented. In this research three chromaticities with the correlated color temperatures of 2700, 4000, and 6500 K and variations of color transitions are investigated, which match realistic luminaire designs for practical applications. The empirically determined thresholds are expanded according to the transformation to different chromatic adaptation conditions as per von Kries that are then compared to the results by MacAdam and the influence on adaptation is being discussed. A new concept for the calculation of tolerance limits for LED binning is presented. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 41, 457–467, 2016
The relationship between refractive index and optical properties of absorbing nanoparticle
Authors: Piri N. , Shams‐Nateri A. , Mokhtari J. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis article represents an analytical formulation for optical properties of absorbing metallic nanoparticles in visible region of electromagnetic spectrum based on Mie theory, in order to find a clear relationship between fundamental characteristics of nanoparticles with their spectral behavior and color coordinate in CIELAB color space. Calculations were performed on nanoparticles with various diameters (d = 50, 100, and 200 nm), as well as complex refractive index with different real (n = 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0) and imaginary (k = 0.001 and 0.1) parts. Obtained results reveal that scattering phenomena in nanoparticles are strongly linked to the particle size parameter and complex index of refraction. The results indicate that the reflectance and lightness (L*) of nanoparticles increases as a result of increase in their size and real part of complex refractive index and decrease with increasing the imaginary part of complex refractive index. The CIELAB colorimetric system was used for analysis the color of nanoparticles. According to obtained results, all nanoparticles have greenish‐blue color, and undergo color change as a result of varying in their size and the complex refractive index. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 41, 477–483, 2016
Magnetic Dextran Nanoparticles That Bear Hydrophilic Porphyrin Derivatives: Bimodal Agents for Potential Application in Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Mbakidi Jean‐Pierre , Brégier Frédérique , Ouk Tan‐Sothea , Granet Robert , Alves Sandra , Rivière Eric , Chevreux Sylviane , Lemercier Gilles , Sol Vincent 
Published: August 2015

AbstractInvited for this month’s cover is the group of Prof. Vincent Sol from the University of Limoges, France. This study is a collaboration between the Universities of Limoges, Reims, Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC, Paris), and Paris Sud (Orsay). The cover picture shows a magnetic dextran nanoparticle bearing hydrophilic porphyrin derivatives; the illustration shows bimodal nanoplatforms that could be used as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging as well as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.201500087.
Synthesis, Structural Features, Cytotoxicity, and Magnetic Properties of Colloidal Ferrite Spinel Co1–xNixFe2O4(0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.9) Nanoparticles
Authors: Pązik Robert , Zięcina Aleksander , Zachanowicz Emilia , Małecka Malgorzata , Poźniak Blazej , Miller Julia , Śniadecki Zbigniew , Pierunek Natalia , Idzikowski Bogdan , Mrówczyńska Lucyna , Ekner‐Grzyb Anna , Wiglusz Rafal J. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractColloidal ferrite spinel nanoparticles (CoxNi1–xFe2O4) were prepared by a microwave‐stimulated Bradley technique under nonhydrolytic conditions. The effect of Ni2+doping on the structural properties was studied by powder XRD. The particle size, hydrodynamic size, and morphology were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), which showed mean crystallite sizes of ca. 10 and 60 nm for powder and colloidal suspensions of CoxNi1–xFe2O4, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was tested against murine macrophages J774.E, osteosarcoma D17 cells, and human red blood cells (RBCs). The adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied, and the BSA showed a high affinity for the surface of the nanoparticles. The CoxNi1–xFe2O4nanoparticles in colloidal suspension showed dose‐dependent cytotoxicity against all of the studied cell lines, and less harmful effects were observed against RBCs at concentrations of up to 0.1 mg/mL. The cytotoxicity towards the D17 and J774.E cells suggests that internalization by the living cells seems to be the key step to elicit the toxic response. Thus, the cytotoxicity of the particles under investigation seems to be cell‐type‐dependent and not uniform. The CoxNi1–xFe2O4colloids exhibited superparamagnetic behavior with blocking temperatures (TB) below 300 K. The magnetic characteristics are well preserved in colloidal form and are similar to those of the powdered ferrites.
Total Synthesis of the Marine Natural Product Parazoanthine F by Copper‐Mediated C–N Coupling
Authors: Wefer Johannes , Lindel Thomas 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe total synthesis of the marine natural product parazoanthine F from the sea anemone Parazoanthus axinellae is described. The key problem was the assembly of an N‐styrylhydantoin moiety. It was possible to cleanly hydroxylate the benzylic position of the corresponding phenethyl unit by treatment with cerium ammonium nitrate. However, elimination to the alkene proved to be surprisingly difficult. The breakthrough came after optimizing the CuI/N,N′‐dimethylethylenediamine‐mediated C–N coupling of a 2,2,4,6,7‐pentamethyl‐5‐sulfonyl‐dihydrobenzofuran‐protected arginine amide with p‐methoxystyryl bromide under microwave conditions (70 °C, 200 W) in the presence of Cs2CO3. Our studies culminated in a short approach with an overall yield of about 12 %.
MnO2/TBHP: A Versatile and User‐­Friend­ly Combination of Reagents for the Oxidation of Allylic and Benzylic Methylene Functional Groups
Authors: Serra Stefano 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIn the presence of activated MnO2, tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) in CH2Cl2 is able to oxidize the allylic and benzylic methylene groups of different classes of compounds. I describe a one‐pot oxidation protocol based on two sequential steps. In the first step, carried out at low temperature, MnO2 catalyses the oxidation of the methylene group. This is followed by a second step where reaction temperature is increased, allowing MnO2 both to catalyse the decomposition of unreacted TBHP and to oxidize allylic alcohols that could possibly be formed. The proposed oxidation procedure is generally applicable, although its efficiency, regioselectivity, and chemoselectivity are strongly dependent on the structure of the substrate.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Direct C–H Vinylation of Arenes To Access Styrenes with Vinyl Acetate as a Vinyl Source
Authors: Mei Shu‐Tao , Jiang Kun , Wang Nan‐Jin , Shuai Li , Yuan Yi , Wei Ye 
Published: August 2015

AbstractRhIII‐catalyzed aryl C–H vinylation for the preparation of styrenes by using vinyl acetate, a commercially available and inexpensive compound, as the vinyl source was successfully realized. This method enables various aromatics including N‐sulfonyl ketimines, pyridines, azoles, and amides to be vinylated in moderate to good yields.
Screening for Oral Cancer Using Electrochemical Telomerase Assay
Authors: Hayakawa Mana , Sato Shinobu , Diala Irmina , Kodama Masaaki , Tomoeda‐Mori Kumiko , Haraguchi Kazuya , Tominaga Kazuhiro , Takenaka Shigeori 
Published: August 2015

AbstractElectrochemical telomerase assay (ECTA) developed by our group was evaluated in an oral cancer screening using exfoliated oral cells and tissues obtained from patients of oral cancer, mucosa associated disease, or healthy volunteers. Telomerase activity from ECTA is correlated with hTERT mRNA expression level using a real‐time PCR and was increasing in the following order: healthy volunteer group<mucosa associated disease group<oral cancer group. Sensitivity and specificity of ECTA were 88 % and 72 %, respectively when used 17 % of the threshold value based on the receiver operating characteristic curve in ECTA data.
Two‐Dimensional Layered BiOX (X=Cl, Br) Compounds as Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ye Liqun , Wang Lijuan , Xie Haiquan , Su Yurong , Jin Xiaoli , Zhang Can 
Published: August 2015

AbstractMany layered structure nanomaterials have been suggested as promising electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries. Ternary layered compounds, BiOX (X=Cl, Br) are usually used as photocatalysts for energy generation and environmental protection. However, there has not been a report of BiOX as electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries to this point. In this study, two‐dimensional BiOX nanosheets are synthesized using a hydrothermal method, and electrochemical measurements show that layered BiOX can display remarkable electrochemical performance for use as an anode in lithium‐ion batteries. Capacities of approximately 254 and 230 mAh g−1 are maintained after 15 cycles at a current density of 500 mA g−1 for BiOCl and BiOBr, respectively. The electrochemical properties are much better than that of BiOI (137 mAh g−1). Study of the mechanism reveals that Li3OX (X=Cl, Br) and Li3Bi are formed after the lithium ions become embedded in the layered BiOX.
A learning‐based approach for autonomous outage detection and coverage optimization
Authors: Zoha Ahmed , Saeed Arsalan , Imran Ali , Imran Muhammad Ali , Abu‐Dayya Adnan 
Published: August 2015

AbstractTo be able to provide uninterrupted high quality of experience to the subscribers, operators must ensure high reliability of their networks while aiming for zero downtime. With the growing complexity of the networks, there exists unprecedented challenges in network optimization and planning, especially activities such as cell outage detection (COD) and mitigation that are labour‐intensive and costly. In this paper, we address the challenge of autonomous COD and cell outage compensation in self‐organising networks (SON). COD is a pre‐requisite to trigger fully automated self‐healing recovery actions following cell outages or network failures. A special case of cell outage, referred to as sleeping cell, remains particularly challenging to detect in state‐of‐the‐art SON, because it triggers no alarms for operation and maintenance entity. Consequently, no SON compensation function can be launched unless site visits or drive tests are performed, or complaints are received by affected customers. To address this issue, our COD solution leverages minimization of drive test functionality, recently specified in third generation partnership project Release 10 for LTE networks, in conjunction with state‐of‐the art machine learning methods. Subsequently, the proposed cell outage compensation mechanism utilises fuzzy‐based reinforcement learning mechanism to fill the coverage gap and improve the quality of service, for the users in the identified outage zone, by reconfiguring the antenna and power parameters of the neighbouring cells. The simulation results show that the proposed framework can detect cell outage situations in an autonomous fashion and also compensate for the detected outage in a reliable manner. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sensory quality of soymilk and tofu from soybeans lacking lipoxygenases
Authors: Yang Aijun , Smyth Heather , Chaliha Mridusmita , James Andrew 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe oxidation of unsaturated lipids by lipoxygenases in soybeans causes undesirable flavors in soy foods. Using a traditional and a nontraditional soy food user group, we examined the cultural difference in perceiving the sensory characteristics of soymilk and tofu produced from soybeans with or without lipoxygenases (Lx123). The two groups described the samples using similar terms. The traditional users preferred the control soy milk and lipoxygenase‐free tofu while the nontraditional users preferred the lipoxygenase‐free soymilk with no preference for tofu. In a separate study, a trained descriptive taste panel compared the odor of soymilk and tofu from control soybeans or those lacking lipoxygenase‐1 and lipoxygenase‐2 (Lx12) or all three isomers (Lx123). The rancid/grassy odor was rated the lowest in Lx123 products, followed by Lx12 products with the control products given the highest rating. The Lx12 and Lx123 products were also sweeter and less bitter than the controls. Taken together, our results demonstrated that soybeans lacking lipoxygenases can produce soy foods with less undesirable aromas and are therefore likely more acceptable to the consumers.
A critical role of temporoparietal junction in the integration of top‐down and bottom‐up attentional control
Authors: Wu Qiong , Chang Chi‐Fu , Xi Sisi , Huang I‐Wen , Liu Zuxiang , Juan Chi‐Hung , Wu Yanhong , Fan Jin 
Published: August 2015

AbstractInformation processing can be biased toward behaviorally relevant and salient stimuli by top‐down (goal‐directed) and bottom‐up (stimulus‐driven) attentional control processes respectively. However, the neural basis underlying the integration of these processes is not well understood. We employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and transcranial direct‐current stimulation (tDCS) in humans to examine the brain mechanisms underlying the interaction between these two processes. We manipulated the cognitive load involved in top‐down processing and stimulus surprise involved in bottom‐up processing in a factorial design by combining a majority function task and an oddball paradigm. We found that high cognitive load and high surprise level were associated with prolonged reaction time compared to low cognitive load and low surprise level, with a synergistic interaction effect, which was accompanied by a greater deactivation of bilateral temporoparietal junction (TPJ). In addition, the TPJ displayed negative functional connectivity with right middle occipital gyrus, which is involved in bottom‐up processing (modulated by the interaction effect), and the right frontal eye field (FEF), which is involved in top‐down control. The enhanced negative functional connectivity between the TPJ and right FEF was accompanied by a larger behavioral interaction effect across subjects. Application of cathodal tDCS over the right TPJ eliminated the interaction effect. These results suggest that the TPJ plays a critical role in processing bottom‐up information for top‐down control of attention. Hum Brain Mapp 36:4317–4333, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sleep modulates cortical connectivity and excitability in humans: Direct evidence from neural activity induced by single‐pulse electrical stimulation
Authors: Usami Kiyohide , Matsumoto Riki , Kobayashi Katsuya , Hitomi Takefumi , Shimotake Akihiro , Kikuchi Takayuki , Matsuhashi Masao , Kunieda Takeharu , Mikuni Nobuhiro , Miyamoto Susumu , Fukuyama Hidenao , Takahashi Ryosuke , Ikeda Akio 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSleep‐induced changes in human brain connectivity/excitability and their physiologic basis remain unclear, especially in the frontal lobe. We investigated sleep‐induced connectivity and excitability changes in 11 patients who underwent chronic implantation of subdural electrodes for epilepsy surgery. Single‐pulse electrical stimuli were directly injected to a part of the cortices, and cortico‐cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs) and CCEP‐related high‐gamma activities (HGA: 100–200 Hz) were recorded from adjacent and remote cortices as proxies of effective connectivity and induced neuronal activity, respectively. HGA power during the initial CCEP component (N1) correlated with the N1 size itself across all states investigated. The degree of cortical connectivity and excitability changed during sleep depending on sleep stage, approximately showing dichotomy of awake vs. non‐rapid eye movement (REM) [NREM] sleep. On the other hand, REM sleep partly had properties of both awake and NREM sleep, placing itself in the intermediate state between them. Compared with the awake state, single‐pulse stimulation especially during NREM sleep induced increased connectivity (N1 size) and neuronal excitability (HGA increase at N1), which was immediately followed by intense inhibition (HGA decrease). The HGA decrease was temporally followed by the N2 peak (the second CCEP component), and then by HGA re‐increase during sleep across all lobes. This HGA rebound or re‐increase of neuronal synchrony was largest in the frontal lobe compared with the other lobes. These properties of sleep‐induced changes of the cortex may be related to unconsciousness during sleep and frequent nocturnal seizures in frontal lobe epilepsy.Hum Brain Mapp, 2015. ©2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Panicca: Panic on Cross‐Section Averages
Authors: Reese Simon , Westerlund Joakim 
Published: August 2015

SummaryThe cross‐section average (CA) augmentation approach of Pesaran (A simple panel unit root test in presence of cross‐section dependence. Journal of Applied Econometrics 2007; 22: 265–312) and Pesaran et al. (Panel unit root test in the presence of a multifactor error structure. Journal of Econometrics 2013; 175: 94–115), and the principal components‐based panel analysis of non‐stationarity in idiosyncratic and common components (PANIC) of Bai and Ng (A PANIC attack on unit roots and cointegration. Econometrica 2004; 72: 1127–1177; Panel unit root tests with cross‐section dependence: a further investigation. Econometric Theory 2010; 26: 1088–1114) are among the most popular ‘second‐generation’ approaches for cross‐section correlated panels. One feature of these approaches is that they have different strengths and weaknesses. The purpose of the current paper is to develop PANICCA, a combined approach that exploits the strengths of both CA and PANIC. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aging Versus Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: Bone Composition and Maturation Kinetics at Actively-Forming Trabecular Surfaces of Female Subjects Aged 1 to 84 Years
Authors: Paschalis Eleftherios P , Fratzl Peter , Gamsjaeger Sonja , Hassler Norbert , Brozek Wolfgang , Eriksen Erik F , Rauch Frank , Glorieux Francis H , Shane Elizabeth , Dempster David , Cohen Adi , Recker Robert , Klaushofer Klaus 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Bone strength depends on the amount of bone, typically expressed as bone mineral density (BMD), determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and on bone quality. Bone quality is a multifactorial entity including bone structural and material compositional properties. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether bone material composition properties at actively-forming trabecular bone surfaces in health are dependent on subject age, and to contrast them with postmenopausal osteoporosis patients. To achieve this, we analyzed by Raman microspectroscopy iliac crest biopsy samples from healthy subjects aged 1.5 to 45.7 years, paired biopsy samples from females before and immediately after menopause aged 46.7 to 53.6 years, and biopsy samples from placebo-treated postmenopausal osteoporotic patients aged 66 to 84 years. The monitored parameters were as follows: the mineral/matrix ratio; the mineral maturity/crystallinity (MMC); nanoporosity; the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content; the lipid content; and the pyridinoline (Pyd) content. The results indicate that these bone quality parameters in healthy, actively-forming trabecular bone surfaces are dependent on subject age at constant tissue age, suggesting that with advancing age the kinetics of maturation (either accumulation, or posttranslational modifications, or both) change. For most parameters, the extrapolation of models fitted to the individual age dependence of bone in healthy individuals was in rough agreement with their values in postmenopausal osteoporotic patients, except for MMC, lipid, and Pyd content. Among these three, Pyd content showed the greatest deviation between healthy aging and disease, highlighting its potential to be used as a discriminating factor. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
A microfluidic toolbox for cell fusion
Authors: Chiu Flora W Y , Bagci Hakan , Fisher Amanda G , deMello Andrew J , Elvira Katherine S 
Published: August 2015

AbstractCellular fusion is a key process in many fields ranging from historical gene mapping studies and monoclonal antibody production, through to cell reprogramming. Traditional methodologies for cell fusion rely on the random pairing of different cell types and generally result in low and variable fusion efficiencies. These approaches become particularly limiting where substantial numbers of bespoke one‐to‐one fusions are required, for example, for in‐depth studies of nuclear reprogramming mechanisms. In recent years, microfluidic technologies have proven valuable in creating platforms where the manipulation of single cells is highly efficient, rapid and controllable. These technologies also allow the integration of different experimental steps and characterisation processes into a single platform. Although the application of microfluidic methodologies to cell fusion studies is promising, current technologies that rely on static trapping are limited both in terms of the overall number of fused cells produced and their experimental accessibility. Here we review some of the most exciting breakthroughs in core microfluidic technologies that will allow the creation of integrated platforms for controlled cell fusion at high throughput. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry