bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
National survey on appropriateness of clinical biochemistry reporting in China
Authors: Kang Fengfeng , Wang Wei , Wang Zhiguo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAccurate and reliable testing reports play an important role in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of disease. However, little is known about the appropriateness of laboratory testing reporting in China. This national survey takes clinical biochemistry as an example to investigate the state of reporting appropriateness in our country.An electronic questionnaire was sent to 1209 laboratories. The participants were asked to retrospectively evaluate the error rates of the following quality indicators: report template integrity, report content filling integrity, report delay, report recall, non-conformities between instrument and laboratory information system (LIS) data, non-conformities between report and request, report notification error, and report modification. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to identify the potential impacts of reporting appropriateness.A total of 662 of the 1209 laboratories (55%) submitted the survey results, with three returning incomplete data. For the integrity of the report, only 31% of the laboratories had a complete report template that contained all of 21 elements. In addition, the overall error rate of content filling integrity was 45.9% for 19,770 pieces of reports. The overall σ-values of other six quality indicators were all >4, and no significant difference was found among different departments. Group comparison suggested that reporting electronically had a better performance.The laboratory reporting system in China needs to improve, particularly the integrity of the report. Strengthening information technology will not only promote reporting appropriateness, but also guarantee accurate, standardized and traceable data collection and long-term monitoring.
Counting local systems via the trace formula
Authors: Flicker Yuval Z. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Let

𝔽
q

{\mathbb{F}_{q}}

be a finite field with q elements,

𝔽

\mathbb{F}

=

=

𝔽
¯

q

\overline{\mathbb{F}}_{q}

an algebraic closure of

𝔽
q

{\mathbb{F}_{q}}

,

X
1

{X_{1}}

an absolutely
irreducible projective smooth curve over

𝔽
q

{\mathbb{F}_{q}}

, and

S
1

{S_{1}}

a finite
set of closed points of

X
1

{X_{1}}

. Let

N
1

{N_{1}}

be the cardinality of

S
1

{S_{1}}

.
Erasing the index 1 indicates extension of scalars to

𝔽

{\mathbb{F}}

.
Replacing it by m indicates extension of scalars to

𝔽

q
m

\mathbb{F}_{q^{m}}

⊂

\subset

𝔽

\mathbb{F}

. Let Fr be the Frobenius endomorphism of the curve
X over

𝔽

{\mathbb{F}}

, deduced from the

𝔽
q

{\mathbb{F}_{q}}

-form

X
1

{X_{1}}

of X. For

ℓ

{\ell}

a prime not dividing q, the pullback by Fr is an
autoequivalence of the category of smooth

ℓ

{\ell}

-adic sheaves
(

=

=

ℚ
¯

ℓ

{\overline{\mathbb{Q}}_{\ell}}

-local systems) on X

-

-

S. It induces a permutation

Fr
∗

{\operatorname{Fr}^{\ast}}

of the set of isomorphism classes of irreducible smooth

ℓ

{\ell}

-adic sheaves of rank n on X

-

-

S, whose local monodromy at
each

s
∈
S

{s\in S}

is unipotent with a single Jordan block (

=

=

principal
unipotent). Let T(

X
1

X_{1}

,

S
1

S_{1}

,n) be the number of fixed points of

Fr
∗

{\operatorname{Fr}^{\ast}}

acting on this set. We will also consider the number
of fixed points T(

X
1

X_{1}

,

S
1

S_{1}

,n,m) of the iterate

Fr

∗
,
m

{\operatorname{Fr}^{\ast,m}}

of

Fr
∗

{\operatorname{Fr}^{\ast}}

. As

Fr

∗
,
m

\operatorname{Fr}^{\ast,m}

: X

→

\to

X is the Frobenius, for

X
1

X_{1}

/

𝔽
q

\mathbb{F}_{q}

replaced by

X
m

X_{m}

/

𝔽

q
m

\mathbb{F}_{q^{m}}

, one has
T(

X
1

X_{1}

,

S
1

S_{1}

,n,m)

=

=

T(

X
m

X_{m}

,

S
m

S_{m}

,n).
The number T(

X
1

X_{1}

,

S
1

S_{1}

,n) is computed when

N
1

N_{1}

≥

\geq

2 in [4]
where it is shown that the T(

X
1

X_{1}

,

S
1

S_{1}

,n,m) are given by a formula reminiscent of a Lefschetz
fixed point formula. The automorphic-Galois reciprocity is used there to
reduce the computation of T(

X
1

X_{1}

,

S
1

S_{1}

,n) to counting automorphic
representations on GL(n), and the assumption

N
1

N_{1}

≥

\geq

2 to move
the counting to a division algebra, where the trace formula is
easier to use. The trace formula used in Section 4 of [4] is based
on a new, categorical approach to computing the trace formula in the
very special case of counting that is needed there. It is not yet known
if it extends to the use of Hecke correspondences and in the non-compact
quotient case. Our aim here is to give an alternative proof of Section 4 of
[4] using the usual trace formula in the compact quotient case.
As stated in [4], after Lemma 4.9, the equivalence between the
two approaches seems to us interesting.
Interaction and thermodynamics of methylene blue adsorption on oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Ghaffar Abdul , Younis Muhammad Naeem 
Published: April 2015

AbstractMulti-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and their oxidized derivatives were used as adsorbents for the removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution. CNTs have consistent surface and distinct structure, thus they were selected as the novel adsorbents in this study. The site-energy distribution analysis could provide significant information for adsorption mechanisms. Therefore, this study concentrated on the site-sorption energy distribution analysis in combination with thermodynamic behavior of methylene blue adsorption on CNTs. The single point adsorption coefficient
The Marker Conservation Law in Multiphase Systems
Authors: Wierzba Bartek , Wędrychowicz Stanisław , Skibiński Wojciech 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe knowledge of the fundamental understanding such as composition–structure–mechanical property relationships caused by Kirkendall effect is in progress and is used to optimize mechanical properties of materials. In this paper the multiphase systems with low non-stoichiometry are discussed. It is shown that in such systems the drift velocity can be approximated as constant in each phase and determined by Wagner’s integral diffusivity. In this paper the binary in Ni–Ti alloy is discussed; however, the method can be applied to multicomponent systems. The results of the calculations are compared with experimental data.
Crystal structure of E-5-bromo-N3-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-pyridine-3,4- diamine, C13H12BrN3O
Authors: Wang Xiuge , Cai Mingjian 
Published: April 2015

Abstract C13H12BrN3O, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 5.520(3) Å, b = 13.400(7) Å, c = 17.204(9) Å, β = 94.916(9)°, V = 1267.9 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0335, wRref(F2) = 0.0957, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of {4,4’,6,6’-tetrabromido-2,2-[ethane-1,4-diyl(nitrilomethanylylidene)- 1-ethylamine-2-methoxyl]diphenolato-κ5O,N,N’,N’’,O’} zinc(II)—dimethylformamide (2:1), C41H45Br8N7O7Zn2
Authors: Lai Liyan , Liu Zheng , Han Guo-Cheng 
Published: April 2015

Abstract C41H45Br8N7O7Zn2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 13.7022(5) Å, b = 13.8771(7) Å, c = 14.0928(5) Å, α = 92.665(4)°, β = 98.215(3)°, γ = 109.775(4)°, V = 2482.9 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0611, wRref(F2) = 0.1491, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of (Z)-4,4,4-trifluoro-3-((2-hydroxyphenyl)amino)-1- (thiophen-2-yl)but-2-en-1-one, C14H10F3NO2S
Authors: Narayanan Ramakirushnan Suriya , Loganathan Nagarajan , Roodt Andreas 
Published: April 2015

Abstract C14H10F3NO2S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 13.4110(12) Å, b = 6.2471(6) Å, c = 16.3737(14) Å, β = 105.423(3)°, V = 1322.4 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0419, wRref(F2) = 0.1260, T = 100 K.
Crystal structure of catena-[[(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2N,N')copper(II)]-(μ2- oxalato-κ4O,O’:O’’,O’’’)] tetrahydrate, C14H16CuN2O8
Authors: Clark Candyce , Sephton Bereneice , Sephton Abigail , Dugmore Travis , Hickson Matthew , Betz Richard 
Published: April 2015

Abstract C14H16CuN2O8, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 16.8050(7) Å, b = 10.3730(7) Å, c = 9.2740(5) Å, β = 95.526(3)°, V = 1609.1 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0254, wRref(F2) = 0.0641, T = 200 K.
Redetermination of the crystal structure of tetrakis(tricarbonyl-μ3-methane thiolato-rhenium(I) – Localization of hydrogen atoms, C16H12O12Re4S4
Authors: Schoultz Xandri , Gerber Thomas I. A. , Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard 
Published: April 2015

Abstract C16H12O12Re4S4, trigonal, P3121 (no. 152), a = 10.0250(4) Å, c = 25.809(1) Å, V = 2246.4 Å3, Z = 3, Rgt(F) = 0.0192, wRref(F2) = 0.0320, T = 200 K.
Crystal structure of bis(imidazolium) para-toluenesulfonate, C20H22N4O6S2
Authors: Moleko Puleng , Tshentu Zenixole R. , Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard 
Published: April 2015

Abstract C20H22N4O6S2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 6.2648(2) Å, b = 6.3227(2) Å, c = 14.0946(6) Å, α = 85.051(2)°, β = 79.288(2)°, γ = 84.823(1)°, V = 544.9 Å3, Z = 1, Rgt(F) = 0.0317, wRref(F2) = 0.0896, T = 200 K.
Crystal structure of 4-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(propan-2-ylidene)thiosemicarbazide, C10H12BrN3S
Authors: Madanhire Tatenda , Abrahams Abubak'r , Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard 
Published: April 2015

Abstract C10H12BrN3S, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.5610(2) Å, b = 11.0120(3) Å, c = 13.2140(4) Å, β = 107.345(1)°, V = 1189.1 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0249, wRref(F2) = 0.0650, T = 200 K.
Vibration Analysis of Nano-Beam with Consideration of Surface Effects and Damage Effects
Authors: Yin Fan , Chen Chang Ping , Chen De Liang 
Published: April 2015

AbstractOn the basis of Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, surface elastic theory, the strain equivalent assumption and modiffed couple stress theory, the nonlinear governing equations of the nano-beam are derived. In addition, the Galerkin method and the Harmonic Balance Method are adopted so as to give a solution to the equations. In the example, the effects of nano-beam length, nano-beam thickness, damage factor and surface efect to curves of amplitude-frequency response of the nano-beam are discussed. The results show that damage effects should be taken into consideration and the frequency can be controlled by load and structure size of nano-beam.
Analytical solutions of linear and nonlinear Klein-Fock-Gordon equation
Authors: Khan Najeeb Alam , Rasheed Sajida 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we deal with some linear and nonlinear Klein-Fock-Gordon (KFG) equations, which is a relativistic version of the Schrödinger equation. The approximate analytical solutions are obtained by using the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The efficiency of the HAM is that it provides a practical way to control the convergence region of series solutions by introducing an auxiliary parameter }. Analytical results presented are in agreement with the existing results in open literature, which confirm the effectiveness of this method.
Ionic liquids as selective extractants and ion carriers of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions utilized in extraction and membrane separation
Authors: Pospiech Beata , Kujawski Wojciech 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis paper analyzes the applications of various ionic liquids (ILs) as metal ion carriers and extractants utilized for the separation of metal cations from aqueous solutions. Subsequently, an up-to-date review of the use of ILs in polymer inclusion membranes is presented. ILs represent a promising group of extractants and ion carriers of metal ions in extraction and membrane separation processes. The removal of heavy metals ions from aqueous solutions using ILs indicates an extensive and promising research area. It is expected that the role of ILs will gradually increase as the worldwide implementation of separation methods in recovery of metal ions from various aqueous solutions is growing quickly.
On modifications of the Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Kobelkov Georgij M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA modification of the Navier-Stokes equations being in some sense generalization of the Ladyzhenskaya modification [2] is considered. Namely,we modify the elliptic operator in the first two motion equations in the same way as Ladyzhenskaya, but in two variables (not three), while the third motion equation is not changed. For the mixed boundary value problem in a bounded domain, existence and uniqueness of a solution ‘in the large’ is proved. The case of viscosity coefficient different in vertical and horizontal directions is also considered.
Interpolation of functions based on Poincare type inequalities for functions with zero mean boundary traces
Authors: Repin Sergej I. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe consider interpolation operators for scalar and vector valued functions based on mean values (or on mean values of normal components) defined on certain amount of faces of a mesh consisting of the Lipschitz subdomains (cells). The main result establishes sufficient conditions, which guarantee that a function u ∈ H
Compression tests on square, thin-walled steel tube/bamboo-plywood composite hollow columns
Authors: Zhao Weifeng , Zhou Jing , Long Zhilin 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Thin-walled steel tube/bamboo-plywood composite hollow columns (SBCCs) have excellent physical and mechanical properties. The simple cross section of this composite makes it simple to process and suitable for industrial production. In this paper, axial and eccentric compression tests were conducted on 21 specimens to study the failure characteristics and maximum bearing capacity of this composite. The test results showed that compressive failure in an SBCC is primarily characterized by damage from glue failure at the matrix interface at the end of the column, internal damage of the bamboo-plywood material, damage from glue failure on the tension side in the middle of the column, and buckling damage to the plywood material on the compressive side. The overall adhesive strength between the matrixes primarily determined the failure mode. The maximum bearing capacity of the SBCC generally increased with the net cross-sectional area of the bamboo and decreased with the slenderness ratio and eccentricity. The hollow ratio reduced the slenderness ratio of the test specimens with the same net cross-sectional area of the bamboo and increased the critical compressive load, which significantly improved the compressive load capacity, as was reflected in the slenderness ratio. Finally, a model was formulated based on a non-linear regression analysis of the experimental data. The model was used to determine the allowable compressive capacity of an SBCC to provide guidance for engineering applications.
Microstructural, nanomechanical and wear properties of magnetic pulse electrodeposited Ni-TiN composite coatings
Authors: Xia Fafeng , Tian Jiyu , Ma Chunyang , Xu Xiuying , Huang Ming 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The current paper reports successful syntheses of Ni-TiN composite coatings via pulse current (PC) and magnetic PC (MPC) depositions. The microstructural, nanomechanical, wear properties and wear mechanism of the Ni-TiN composite coatings were investigated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), a nanoindenter (NI) and a high frequency reciprocating wear test instrument. The results showed that the Ni-TiN composite coating deposited at magnetic intensity of 0.3 T had numerous homogeneously dispersed TiN particles. The size of the Ni grains and the TiN particles in the coating were of nanometer size, with an average diameter of ∼65 nm and ∼25 nm, respectively. The maximum hardness and Young’s modulus values for the Ni-TiN composite coatings, deposited at magnetic intensity of 0.3 T, were 34.85 GPa and 165.2 GPa, respectively. The wear results showed that the weight loss of the Ni-TiN composite coating was approximately 47.4 mg at a magnetic density of 0.3 T. Furthermore, the coatings deposited at 0.3 T presented low friction coefficients, with an average value of about 0.43.
Nicotine Replacement Therapy in Pregnancy and Major Congenital Anomalies in Offspring
Authors: Dhalwani Nafeesa N. , Szatkowski Lisa , Coleman Tim , Fiaschi Linda , Tata Laila J. 
Published: April 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is now being used as a smoking cessation aid during pregnancy, although little is known about fetal safety. We assessed the relationship between early pregnancy exposure to NRT or smoking with major congenital anomalies (MCA) in offspring.METHODS:We studied 192 498 children born in the United Kingdom between 2001 and 2012 with linked mother–child primary care records. The absolute risks of MCAs in the NRT group (women prescribed NRT during the first trimester or 1 month before conception [and therefore likely consumed during the first trimester]) and odds ratios (ORs) and 99% confidence intervals (CIs) were compared with those of women who smoked during pregnancy and with a control group (women who neither smoked nor were prescribed NRT); logistic regression models adjusted for maternal morbidities that increase MCA risk were used for analysis.RESULTS:MCA prevalence was 288 per 10 000 live births (5535 children with ≥1 MCA). Maternal morbidities were most common in the NRT group (35%) followed by smokers (27%) and the control group (20%). Compared with the control group, adjusted ORs for MCAs in the NRT group and smokers were 1.12 (99% CI: 0.84–1.48) and 1.05 (99% CI: 0.89–1.23), respectively. The OR comparing the NRT group directly with smokers was 1.07 (99% CI: 0.78–1.47). There were no statistically significant associations between maternal NRT and system-specific anomalies except for respiratory anomalies (OR: 4.65 [99% CI: 1.76–12.25]; absolute risk difference: 3 per 1000 births), which was based on 10 exposed cases.CONCLUSIONS:For most system-specific MCAs, we found no statistically significant increased risks associated with maternal NRT prescribed during pregnancy, except for respiratory anomalies. Although this study is the largest published to date, NRT use in pregnancy remains rare; thus, the statistical power was limited. Higher morbidities in those women prescribed NRT may also be an explanatory factor. Nevertheless, absolute MCA risks were similar between women who smoked and those prescribed NRT during pregnancy.
Parental Hope for Children With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Kamihara Junne , Nyborn Justin A. , Olcese Maura E. , Nickerson Taylor , Mack Jennifer W. 
Published: April 2015

BACKGROUND:
Previous work suggests that parents of children with cancer can remain hopeful despite receiving prognostic information, but we know little about what hope means to such parents, or the extent to which parents can feel hopeful even while facing the child’s impending death.

METHODS:
We audiotaped conversations between clinicians and parents of 32 children with relapsed or refractory cancer, and then interviewed parents about their hopes and expectations for their child.

RESULTS:
Parent statements about prognosis in interviews mirrored those made by clinicians during discussions about the child’s diagnosis with refractory or relapsed cancer. Clinicians used language referring to hope during these conversations but did not ask parents directly about their hopes. Parents expressed a range of hopes for their children, from hopes related to cure or treatment response, to quality of life, normalcy, and love and relationships for the child. For most parents, expectations about prognosis were not aligned with their hopes for the child; for example, many parents hoped for a cure and also reported that they did not believe cure was possible. Many parents were able to acknowledge this incongruence.

CONCLUSIONS:
Parents accurately conveyed the reality of their child’s serious condition in the setting of advanced cancer, and yet maintained hope. Hopes were not limited to hope for cure/treatment response. Clinicians should be encouraged to engage in direct conversations about hope with parents as a means to elicit realistic hopes that can help to focus the most meaningful plans for the child and family.
Linear Growth and Child Development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sudfeld Christopher R. , Charles McCoy Dana , Danaei Goodarz , Fink Günther , Ezzati Majid , Andrews Kathryn G. , Fawzi Wafaie W. 
Published: April 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:The initial years of life are critical for physical growth and broader cognitive, motor, and socioemotional development, but the magnitude of the link between these processes remains unclear. Our objective was to produce quantitative estimates of the cross-sectional and prospective association of height-for-age z score (HAZ) with child development.METHODS:Observational studies conducted in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) presenting data on the relationship of linear growth with any measure of child development among children &lt;12 years of age were identified from a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO. Two reviewers then extracted these data by using a standardized form.RESULTS:A total of 68 published studies conducted in 29 LMICs were included in the final database. The pooled adjusted standardized mean difference in cross-sectional cognitive ability per unit increase in HAZ for children ≤2 years old was +0.24 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.14–0.33; I2 = 53%) and +0.09 for children &gt;2 years old (95% CI, 0.05–0.12; I2 = 78%). Prospectively, each unit increase in HAZ for children ≤2 years old was associated with a +0.22-SD increase in cognition at 5 to 11 years after multivariate adjustment (95% CI, 0.17–0.27; I2 = 0%). HAZ was also significantly associated with earlier walking age and better motor scores (P &lt; .05).CONCLUSIONS:Observational evidence suggests a robust positive association between linear growth during the first 2 years of life with cognitive and motor development. Effective interventions that reduce linear growth restriction may improve developmental outcomes; however, integration with environmental, educational, and stimulation interventions may produce larger positive effects.
Firearm Violence Among High-Risk Emergency Department Youth After an Assault Injury
Authors: Carter Patrick M. , Walton Maureen A. , Roehler Douglas R. , Goldstick Jason , Zimmerman Marc A. , Blow Frederic C. , Cunningham Rebecca M. 
Published: April 2015

BACKGROUND:
The risk for firearm violence among high-risk youth after treatment for an assault is unknown.

METHODS:
In this 2-year prospective cohort study, data were analyzed from a consecutive sample of 14- to 24-year-olds with drug use in the past 6 months seeking assault-injury care (AIG) at an urban level 1 emergency department (ED) compared with a proportionally sampled comparison group (CG) of drug-using nonassaulted youth. Validated measures were administered at baseline and follow-up (6, 12, 18, 24 months).

RESULTS:
A total of 349 AIG and 250 CG youth were followed for 24 months. During the follow-up period, 59% of the AIG reported firearm violence, a 40% higher risk than was observed among the CG (59.0% vs. 42.5%; relative risk [RR] = 1.39). Among those reporting firearm violence, 31.7% reported aggression, and 96.4% reported victimization, including 19 firearm injuries requiring medical care and 2 homicides. The majority with firearm violence (63.5%) reported at least 1 event within the first 6 months. Poisson regression identified baseline predictors of firearm violence, including male gender (RR = 1.51), African American race (RR = 1.26), assault-injury (RR = 1.35), firearm possession (RR = 1.23), attitudes favoring retaliation (RR = 1.03), posttraumatic stress disorder (RR = 1.39), and a drug use disorder (RR = 1.22).

CONCLUSIONS:
High-risk youth presenting to urban EDs for assault have elevated rates of subsequent firearm violence. Interventions at an index visit addressing substance use, mental health needs, retaliatory attitudes, and firearm possession may help decrease firearm violence among urban youth.