bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcitonin screening in patients with thyroid nodules
Authors: Kobe C. , Schmidt M. , Kahraman D. , Malchau G. , Faust M. , Schicha H. , Dietlein M. , Schneider C. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryAim: The positive predictive value (PPV) of a slightly elevated basal calcitonin (CT) for the diagnosis of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is still under debate. Patients, methods: A total of 11 270 patients with thyroid nodules underwent calcitonin screening. Patients with known elevation of CT, renal insufficiency, bacterial infection, alcohol abuse, protonpump inhibitor therapy or autoimmune thyroid disease were excluded from further analysis. Serum CT was determined by the solid-phase, enzyme-labeled, two-site chemiluminescent immunoassay Immulite 2000. If possible, a pentagastrin test was done to differentiate cases of hypercalcitoninaemia. Results: Hypercalcitoninsemia was found in 32 patients. 20 patients underwent surgery. In 10 patients a MTC was found. The PPV of hyper calcitoninaemia for MTC was 31%. The PPV increased to 50% for those patients who underwent surgery (10/20). A subgroup of 26 patients presented with basal CT between 13 and 50 pg/ml, 14 of them underwent surgery, in 4 cases evidence of MTC was revealed. This resulted in a PPV of 15% (4/26), although the value increased to 28% when only surgically treated patients were considered (4/14). Conclusion: Taking all clinical data into account, calcitonin screening has an acceptable PPV for medullary thyroid cancer in patients with thyroid nodules. Therefore, we recommend calcitonin screening in centers for thyroid disorders.
Second-Line Protease Inhibitor-Based Antiretroviral Therapy after Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Failure: The Effect of a Nucleoside Backbone
Authors: Waters Laura , Bansi Loveleen , Asboe David , Pozniak Anton , Smit Erasmus , Orkin Chloe , Fearnhill Esther , Dunn David , Phillips Andrew ,   UK CHIC Study,   UK HIV Drug Resistance Database
Published: September 2012

Background Virological failures on combined anti-retroviral therapy still occur. Boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r)-based therapy is a commonly used option after non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) failure, but whether two fully active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are required is unknown. We investigated the effect of an NRTI backbone in individuals receiving PI/r after failing NNRTI-based combined antiretroviral therapy. Methods A longitudinal analysis of the UK Collaborative HIV Cohort (CHIC) and UK HIV Drug Resistance Database to identify individuals who failed first-line NNRTI and two NRTIs, and switched to PI/r-based therapy between January 1999 and December 2008 was conducted. We investigated the effect of NRTI on suppression. Results In total, 470 individuals met study criteria: 19.6%, 34.5% and 46.0% started 0, 1 or ≥2 NRTIs, respectively. Median CD4+ T-cell count was 223 cells/mm3 and HIV-RNA was 4.3 log10 copies/ml; 246 (52.3%) underwent genotyping before switch. Virological failure occurred in 10.9% and 13% after 48 and 96 weeks, respectively. In multivariable analysis, heterosexual risk group and HIV RNA were independently associated with virological failure; higher CD4+ T-cell count was protective (HR=0.92). Number of new NRTIs or genotypic sensitivity score of backbone had no effect on treatment success rates when modelled as categorical or continuous variables. Conclusions Successful treatment with a second-line PI/r may not require two active NRTIs. If replicated in clinical trials, these findings could guide future recommendations.
Dual Raltegravir/Etravirine Combination in Virologically Suppressed HIV-1-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Calin Ruxandra , Paris Luc , Simon Anne , Peytavin Gilles , Wirden Marc , Schneider Luminita , Valantin Marc-Antoine , Tubiana Roland , Agher Rachid , Katlama Christine 
Published: September 2012

Background The combination of raltegravir (RAL) and etravirine (ETR) represents a novel antiretroviral treatment option in patients with toxicity or long-term exposure to standard therapies including protease inhibitors (PI) and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI). The objective of this study was to evaluate the capacity of dual RAL/ETR therapy to maintain virological suppression in HIV-1 patients under effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods Using the Nadis database we retrospectively identified all patients in our centre who were switched from different ART regimens to ETR 200 mg twice daily plus RAL 400 mg twice daily prior to February 2010, having a suppressed HIV-1 plasma viral load (pVL<200 copies/ml) at the moment of switch. Patients already on RAL or ETR at baseline were not excluded from the study. Treatment failure was defined as two consecutive pVL>50 copies/ml or discontinuation of RAL/ETR for any reason. Results A total of 18 patients were included. Median baseline characteristics were: age 48 years (IQR 45–56), duration of ART 14 years (IQR 13–16), duration of viral suppression 6 years (IQR 5–9), duration of NRTI exposure 11 years (IQR 8–14) and PI exposure 6 years (IQR 3–9). In intent-to-treat analysis, the efficacy at 6 months of follow-up was 94.4% ( n=17/18, 95% CI 74.2, 99%) and 83.3% ( n=15/18, 95% CI 60.7, 94.1%) at 12 months. In per-protocol analysis, the efficacy at 12 months was 100% ( n=15/15, 95% CI 80.6, 100%). No tolerability-related treatment discontinuation was recorded. Conclusions This study, although on a limited number of patients, suggests that raltegravir plus etravirine represents a potential option of NRTI/PI-sparing strategy, deserving further investigation in randomized studies.
Créer un vide ou de la sublimation chez Lacan
Authors: Saint-Cyr Viviana M. 
Published: September 2012

Nous étudions la théorie lacanienne de la sublimation dont la formule principale est celle du séminaire sur l’éthique de la psychanalyse : la sublimation « élève un objet à la dignité de la Chose ». Nous nous efforçons de démontrer la logique de cette définition, qui va de l’objet imaginaire désiré au vide de l’Autre entouré, et approfondissons les paradoxes qu’elle implique en ce qu’elle a affaire au rapport des trois registres de la réalité humaine : Symbolique, Imaginaire, Réel. Ce parcours nous permet de tirer l’enseignement de l’architecture, art paradigmatique de la sublimation pour autant qu’elle est créatrice de vide. Comme la sublimation, l’art de bâtir parvient à nous mettre en rapport avec notre propre vide en tant que sujets du désir. L’une et l’autre organisent le vide tout en créant un vide. Ainsi, elles pallient l’horreur du vide réel de la Chose sans pour autant refermer la possibilité de s’en rapprocher.
Le « péripsychotique » dans les cliniques interstitielles de l'excitation et de l'inhibition somatopsychiques
Authors: Boucherat-Hue Valérie 
Published: September 2012

Autour des concepts de configuration péripsychotique et de handicap somatopsychique, l’article illustrera les cliniques de l’excitation (psychique) et des avatars du refoulement, qu’il s’agisse des « en-trop » à situer du côté des débordements pulsionnels, ou qu’il s’agisse des « en-moins » à ranger du côté de l’extinction conflictuelle. À partir d’une vignette clinique, de cure psychanalytique dont le dispositif a été aménagé, je vais aborder la fonction défensive, en l’occurrence pare-excitante que peut revêtir le handicap psychique et ses variantes somatopsychiques quand il s’agit d’incarner et de colmater dans les mouvements hallucinatoires transféro-contretransférentiels la résurgence de traumatismes originels dans les psychopathologies de l’inhibition et du défaut d’inhibition qu’on peut appeler, de manière imagée, les cliniques de l’(ab)négation.
The Latency Period as Logical Time
Authors: Ahmad Julie 
Published: September 2012

L’auteur propose d’envisager la période dite de latence chez l’enfant, dans la métaphore d’une conception structurale du sujet et de sa genèse, comme « temps logique » au sein duquel s’entérine le refoulement de l’Œdipe et le renoncement aux parents de l’infantile, d’une part, et s’anticipe l’avènement des processus adolescents, d’autre part. Ce temps de latence est alors envisagé en ses trois moments logiques que sont : premièrement, la déception de l’enfant face aux parents comme « instant du regard » ouvrant sur l’entrée dans la latence ; deuxièmement, l’interrogation de la place de l’Autre comme « temps pour comprendre » propre à l’opération structurante de la latence ; troisièmement, la disqualification des parents à incarner l’Autre comme conclusion logique objectivée dans l’après-coup de la latence par l’avènement de l’adolescence.
The Contemporary Body and the Problem of Anorexia Nevrosa
Authors: Fortes Isabel 
Published: September 2012

L´article établit un parallèle entre le lieu central occupé par la dimension du corps, tant dans la culture que dans la clinique psychanalytique, de nos jours, et l´augmentation de l´incidence des cas d´anorexie observés dans les dernières décennies. Tout d´abord, quelques éléments importants sont présentés, lesquels indiquent la présence du corps aujourd´hui dans la culture, à partir des notions d’« individu somatique » et de « sujet cérébral ». Dans la clinique psychanalytique, on observe que certains symptômes se manifestent directement dans le corps, sans que le patient les associe à un conflit psychique. L´anorexie mentale est travaillée pour illustrer de quelle manière la souffrance psychique s´incarne dans la dimension du corps, à partir de deux traits qui peuvent être détectés dans la subjectivité contemporaine et qui sont liés au syndrome anorexique : la perturbation dans la constitution de l´image corporelle et la négation de l´altérité.
Perspectives historiques et contemporaines sur l'occulte dans la correspondance Freud-Ferenczi
Authors: Rabeyron Thomas , Evrard Renaud 
Published: September 2012

La correspondance Freud-Ferenczi met en lumière leurs intérêts réciproques pour la transmission de pensée et la façon dont ils ont partagé, dans l’intimité de ces lettres, leurs expériences et leurs réflexions respectives à ce sujet. Si Ferenczi fut l’instigateur principal des échanges sur la transmission de pensée, Freud proposa également dans cette correspondance ses premières réflexions concernant ses deux cas majeurs sur la télépathie : l’empoisonnement par les huîtres et la prophétie des jumeaux. Nous proposons dans cet article une lecture historique détaillée de ces échanges, de façon à montrer leur actualité et leur pertinence, en particulier dans la compréhension de certains processus psychiques en jeu dans la clinique contemporaine des expériences exceptionnelles.
Historical and Contemporary Perspectives on Occultism in the Freud-Ferenczi Correspondence
Authors: Rabeyron Thomas , Evrard Renaud 
Published: September 2012

La correspondance Freud-Ferenczi met en lumière leurs intérêts réciproques pour la transmission de pensée et la façon dont ils ont partagé, dans l’intimité de ces lettres, leurs expériences et leurs réflexions respectives à ce sujet. Si Ferenczi fut l’instigateur principal des échanges sur la transmission de pensée, Freud proposa également dans cette correspondance ses premières réflexions concernant ses deux cas majeurs sur la télépathie : l’empoisonnement par les huîtres et la prophétie des jumeaux. Nous proposons dans cet article une lecture historique détaillée de ces échanges, de façon à montrer leur actualité et leur pertinence, en particulier dans la compréhension de certains processus psychiques en jeu dans la clinique contemporaine des expériences exceptionnelles.
Congenital syphilis in Switzerland: gone, forgotten, on the return
Authors: Meyer Sauteur , Trück J , Bosshard PP , Tomaske M , Morán Cadenas , Lautenschlager S , Goetschel P 
Published: September 2012

INTRODUCTION:Acquired syphilis has re-emerged in many Western European countries. In contrast to international guidelines, screening for syphilis in pregnancy is not generally recommended in Switzerland. There has been an increase in the incidence of laboratory syphilis notifications in recent years, regardless of gender and age.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study, evaluating the total numbers of pregnant women with positive syphilis serology (Treponema pallidum Particle Agglutination assay, TPPA) from 2000 to 2009, and evaluated the clinical management and outcome of their offspring. In addition, we sought to determine cases of infectious syphilis (primary, secondary, and early latent syphilis) reported to the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health in women of childbearing age, which has previously been shown to precede changes in the incidence of congenital syphilis within a population.
RESULTS: Out of 13,833 women who gave birth at our institution, positive syphilis serology was found in 9 pregnant women during the 10 years studied. A total of 6 pregnant women were diagnosed having syphilis infection during pregnancy. Regarding their offspring, 8 of the 9 newborns were tested serologically. One neonate experienced congenital syphilis because the adequately treated mother developed re-infection after treatment. Within the Swiss population, infectious syphilis cases in women of childbearing age increased substantially from 2006 to 2009.
CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiologic data suggest that congenital syphilis could become a medical problem in Switzerland due to the rise of infectious syphilis cases in women of childbearing age that have been shown to be followed by changes in the congenital syphilis incidence. The persistence of congenital syphilis in Switzerland along with this rise of infectious syphilis in women of childbearing age suggests a potential for improvement of prenatal care and syphilis control programmes.
A Primer on the LAW in the United States: Part III Scope of Liability in Product Liability Cases
Authors: Hunter Jr. Richard J. , Amoroso Henry J. , Shannon John H. 
Published: September 2012

In Part III of our study, the authors describe the types of transactions that are most common in products liability cases and also delineate the parties to the transaction. This article concludes by discussing some “special topics” in modern product liability law: enterprise liability, alternative liability, and market share liability. The article relies on references to the Uniform Commercial Code, the Restatement of the Law of Torts, and cites the major common law cases that have impacted on these important issues. Key Words: Products Liability; Bailments; Franchising; Used Goods; Enterprise Liability; Market Share; Alternative Liability
Investigating Organizational Commitment as the Outcome of Job Satisfaction: A Study of Banking Sector of Pakistan
Authors: Hashmi Maryam Saeed , Naqvi Dr. Imran Haider 
Published: September 2012

This study aims to elaborate the role of job satisfaction in committing employees with organization. This study tested the effect of both components of job satisfaction (intrinsic and extrinsic) of on organizational commitment in banking sector of Pakistan. Data was gathered from employees working in banks of Pakistan. The study has uses descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) to identify sample characteristics and inferential statistics (multiple linear regression) to find out the relationship between variables. Results showed the significant and positive effect of both components of job satisfaction on organizational commitment. This study is a contribution to theory and practice with an increased understanding on importance of job satisfaction in committing the employees with the organization. Keywords: Intrinsic Job Satisfaction, Extrinsic Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment
Impact of Workers’ Training on Industrial Strikes in Nigeria
Authors: Idowu Akintayo Dayo 
Published: September 2012

This study investigated the impact of workers` training programmes on industrial strike reduction among industrial workers in Nigeria. This is for the purpose of ascertaining the relevance of workers` training programmes, as an alternative approach to human capital formation, to industrial strike reduction among industrial workers in Nigeria. A total of 230 respondents were selected for the study using stratified sampling technique to reflect the two strata of public and private organizations. Two sets of questionnaire, with three subscales, titled ‘Workers Training Programmes Scale (WTPS) and Industrial Strike Reduction Scale (CRS) were used for data collection. All the hypothesized research questions were examined using Regression Analysis and t-test statistical methods at 0.05 alpha levels. The finding revealed that workers` training programmes (taken together) had significantly influenced industrial strike reduction among industrial workers. It was also found that only three independent variables (conflict skill, communication skill and interpersonal relations skill training programmes) have significantly influenced industrial strike reduction. However, it was found that management skill and computer skill training programmes were not as significant in influencing industrial strike reduction in selected work organizations. Also, there was no significant difference in the level of female and male workers` participation in workers` training programmes in both public and private organizations selected for the study. Based on the findings of study, it is recommended that workers` training programmes should be given priority by all establishments in order to forestall industrial peace for all levels of workers. Also, training needs of the organization as well as that of workers must be identified before making recommendations for training. This will possibly foster specialization and encourage technical-driven training in work organizations. Key Words: Workers, Training Programmes, Industrial strike reduction, Organizations,Nigeria
Desmopressin testing in haemo-philia A patients and carriers
Authors: Koscielny J. , Tauer J. T. , Huhn B. , Gneuss A. , Kuhlisch E. , Hofmann A. , Petros S. , Aumann V. , Franke D. , Kentouche K. , Syrbe G. , Seeger K. , Haberland H. , Klamroth R. , Knöfler R. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryIntroduction: Desmopressin (DDAVP) testing (DT) in patients (pts) with haemophilia A (HA) and carriers (CHA) is up to now not standardized. This prompted us to evaluate results of DT carried out between 1996 and 2011 in centres of the Competence Network Haemor-rhagic Diatheses East. Patients and method: An increase of the factor VIII activity (FVIII) above 50% or at least the two fold of initial values within 120 min after DDAVP was defined as complete response (CR). Data from 80 patients (31 children, 49 adults) of whom 64 suffered from HA (sub-HA: n = 48; mild: n = 14; moderate: n = 2) and 16 patients CHA were evaluated. Results: In 34 patients DDAVP was given i. v. (dose range: 0.26–0.6 μg/kg body weight, mean: 0.33), in 31 intranasally (i.n. 300–600 μg) and in 15 s. c. (15–40 μg). The maximal FVIII increase was reached 60 min after DDAVP. For i. v. application the mean FVIII increase was 3.1-fold, for i. n. 2.1-fold and for s. c. 2.4-fold. A CR was de tected in 71 patients, a non-response in 9. Mild side effects such as flush, headaches or nausea were observed in 11 patients (14%). Conclusion: For desmopressin testing in patients with haemophilia A and carriers i. v. application at 0.3 μg/kg body weight and the determination of FVIII before and 60 min after desmopressin infusion is recommended.
The current-voltage relation of a pore and its asymptotic behavior in a Nernst-Planck model
Authors: Marius Bîrlea Nicolae , Bîrlea Sînziana Iulia 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
A model for current-voltage nonlinearity and asymmetry is a good starting point for explaining the electrical behavior of nanopores in synthetic or biological membranes. Using a Nernst-Planck model, we found three behaviors for the calculated current density in a membrane's pore as a function of voltage: a quasi-ohmic, slow rising linear current at low voltages; a nonlinear current at intermediate voltages; and a non-ohmic, fast rising linear current at large voltages. The slope of the quasi-ohmic current depends mainly on the height of the energy barrier inside the pore, w, through an exponential term, e
w
. The magnitude of the non-ohmic linear current is controlled by the potential energy gradient at the pore entrance, w/r. The current-voltage relationship is asymmetric if the ion's potential energy inside the pore has an asymmetric triangular profile. The model has only two assumed parameters, the energy barrier height, w, and the relative size of the entrance region of the pore, r, which is a useful feature for fitting and interpreting experimental data.
Assessment of Substance Abuse Liability in Rodents: Self‐Administration, Drug Discrimination, and Locomotor Sensitization
Authors: Paterson Neil E. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAssessing abuse liability is a crucial step in the development of a novel chemical entity (NCE) with central nervous system (CNS) activity or with chemical or pharmacological properties in common with known abused substances. Rodent assessment of abuse liability is highly attractive due to its relatively low cost and high predictive validity. Described in this unit are three rodent assays commonly used to provide data on the potential for abuse liability based on the acute effects of NCEs: specifically, self‐administration, drug discrimination, and locomotor sensitization. As these assays provide insight into the potential abuse liability of NCEs as well as in vivo pharmacological mechanism(s) of action, they should form a key part of the development process for novel therapeutics aimed at treating CNS disorders. Curr. Protoc. Pharmacol. 58:5.62.1‐5.62.22. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Some Phenotype Association Tools in Galaxy: Looking for Disease SNPs in a Full Genome
Authors: Giardine Belinda M. , Riemer Cathy , Burhans Richard , Ratan Aakrosh , Miller Webb 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis unit focuses on some of the tools available on the public Galaxy server that are useful for exploring possible associations between human genetic variants and phenotypes. We trace step‐by‐step through an example illustrating several methods for examining a single full‐coverage genome to look for single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are either known to be associated with disease or suspected to have impact for other reasons. It makes use of public genomic data, tools designed specifically for working with variants, and also some general tools for text manipulation and operations on genomic coordinates. Curr. Protoc. Bioinform. 39:15.2.1‐15.2.27. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Stability of aggression among adolescents over time: A south African study
Authors: Botha Martin P. , Mels Gerhard 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIn a study spanning 5 years, data were collected on the aggressiveness of over 1,700 male and female subjects. Subjects who were the more aggressive grade 8 (standard 6) pupils at the beginning of the study were discovered to be the more aggressive grade 12 (standard 10) pupils. It is concluded that, whatever its causes, aggression can be viewed as a persistent trait that may be influenced by situational variables but reveals substantial consistency over time. The findings of studies by Huesmann and Eron in the United States as well as Olweus in Scandinavia were thus supported in this South African investigation.
Analog Applications of Photochemical Switches
Authors: Copley Graeme , Moore Thomas A. , Moore Ana L. , Gust Devens 
Published: September 2012

AbstractMolecules that change their structure in response to a stimulus such as light or an added chemical can act as molecular switches. Such switches can be chemically linked to other active moieties to create molecular “devices” for various purposes. There has been much activity of late in the use of molecular switches such as photochromes in the construction of molecular logic gates that carry out binary or digital functions. However, ensembles of such molecules can also act as analog devices. Here, examples of a molecular photonic signal transducer and two mimics of photosynthetic photoregulatory processes are discussed.