bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in Alcohol Intake and Their Relationship with Health Status over a 24‐Year Follow‐Up Period in Community‐Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: McEvoy Linda K. , Kritz‐Silverstein Donna , Barrett‐Connor Elizabeth , Bergstrom Jaclyn , Laughlin Gail A. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectivesTo determine whether alcohol use changes over time in older adults and whether alcohol intake is associated with common chronic diseases.DesignTwenty‐four‐year longitudinal study.SettingSouthern California community.ParticipantsOne thousand seventy‐six members of the Rancho Bernardo cohort aged 50 to 89 at baseline.MeasurementsParticipants completed two to six research visits at approximately 4‐year intervals between 1984 and 2009. At each visit, participants completed standard questionnaires on alcohol use, chronic diseases, and behaviors. Mixed‐effects linear models were used to examine changes in average weekly alcohol intake over time and in relationship to health status.ResultsPrevalence and frequency of alcohol use was high throughout the study, with more than 60% of participants reporting weekly alcohol intake. The average amount consumed declined with advancing age, regardless of the presence of any of the eight most common chronic diseases. Prevalence of drinking in excess of age‐ and sex‐specific low‐risk guidelines was high across all visits and did not vary according to disease burden. At the final visit, 29% of participants drank in excess of low‐risk drinking guidelines, including 28% of those with hypertension and 31% with diabetes mellitus.ConclusionPrevalence and frequency of alcohol intake remained stable over a 24 year follow‐up in this cohort of educated, white, middle‐class, older adults, although average amount consumed decreased with advancing age. Despite this decrease, a high proportion of older adults, including those with common chronic health conditions, drank in excess of current guidelines. Clinicians should provide more education on the importance of older adults moderating alcohol intake.
Site‐Specific Gene Targeting Using Transcription Activator‐Like Effector (TALE)‐Based Nuclease in Brassica oleracea
Authors: Sun Zijian , Li Nianzu , Huang Guodong , Xu Junqiang , Pan Yu , Wang Zhimin , Tang Qinglin , Song Ming , Wang Xiaojia 
Published: July 2013

AbstractSite‐specific recognition modules with DNA nuclease have tremendous potential as molecular tools for genome targeting. The type III transcription activator‐like effectors (TALEs) contain a DNA binding domain consisting of tandem repeats that can be engineered to bind user‐defined specific DNA sequences. We demonstrated that customized TALE‐based nucleases (TALENs), constructed using a method called “unit assembly”, specifically target the endogenous FRIGIDA gene in Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. The results indicate that the TALENs bound to the target site and cleaved double‐strand DNA in vitro and in vivo, whereas the effector binding elements have a 23 bp spacer. The T7 endonuclease I assay and sequencing data show that TALENs made double‐strand breaks, which were repaired by a non‐homologous end‐joining pathway within the target sequence. These data show the feasibility of applying customized TALENs to target and modify the genome with deletions in those organisms that are still in lacking gene target methods to provide germplasms in breeding improvement.
Specific changes of sulfatide levels in individuals with pre‐clinical Alzheimer's disease: an early event in disease pathogenesis
Authors: Cheng Hua , Wang Miao , Li Jian‐Liang , Cairns Nigel J. , Han Xianlin 
Published: July 2013

AbstractTo explore the hypothesis that alterations in cellular membrane lipids are present at the stage of pre‐clinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) (i.e., cognitively normal at death, but with AD neuropathology), we performed targeted shotgun lipidomics of lipid extracts from post‐mortem brains of subjects with pre‐clinical AD. We found sulfatide levels were significantly lower in subjects with pre‐clinical AD compared to those without AD neuropathology. We also found that the level of ethanolamine glycerophospholipid was marginally lower at this stage of AD, whereas changes of the ceramide levels were undetectable with the available samples. These results indicate that cellular membrane defects are present at the earliest stages of AD pathogenesis and also suggest that sulfatide loss is among the earliest events of AD development, while alterations in the levels of ethanolamine glycerophospholipid and ceramide occur relatively later in disease.
From Hot Cakes to Cold Feet: A Contingent Perspective on the Relationship between Market Uncertainty and Status Homophily in the Formation of Alliances
Authors: Collet Francois , Philippe Déborah 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn this study, we reconsider the classical positive association between the level of market uncertainty and an organization's propensity to form ties with organizations of similar status. Although prior research argues that the greater the uncertainty, the higher the level of status homophily, we suggest that this relationship is contingent upon framing that affects positive or negative valence towards uncertainty. In an up market, organizations tend to frame uncertainty as upside risk, and thus will subsequently favour explorative uncertainty‐mitigation devices; whereas, in a down market, organizations primarily frame uncertainty as downward risk, and thus will rely on more conservative uncertainty‐mitigation mechanisms. We therefore predict that a greater number of status‐heterophilous ties will be formed in an up market than in a down market. We discuss the implications of our results for status theory and more broadly for research on strategic decision making under uncertainty.
Promising Futures:CMS, Post‐Disciplinarity, and the New Public Social Science
Authors: Delbridge Rick 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis paper considers the future prospects forCriticalManagementStudies and by extension management studies more generally. To explore these, two frameworks from the wider social sciences are deployed. The anchorpoint for the discussion isMichaelBurawoy's work distinguishing types of scholarship on the bases of (a) conceptions of knowledge produced by social scientists, and (b) different audiences for that knowledge.CriticalManagementStudies is founded on critique but its future will be determined by how it makes its way acrossBurawoy's other domains of professional, policy and public scholarship. To examine this,Idraw onJohnBrewer's recent articulation of the ‘new public social science’.Brewer's problem‐driven, post‐disciplinary approach conceives the public value of social science as its conservation of moral sentiments and sympathetic imagination towards each other as social beings, and its ethical concern about the humanitarian future of humankind. The new public social science is normative and partisan, transgressive, scientific, and impactful. I argue that this provides a potentially fruitful template to guide future management studies. This is a future in whichCriticalManagementStudies – as management studies' critical and emancipatory conscience – has a central role to play.
Mineral and trace element analysis of saliva from patients with BMS: a cross‐sectional prospective controlled clinical study
Authors: López‐Jornet Pía , Juan Hermogenes , Alvaro Pons‐Fuster 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate salivary markers related to burning mouth syndrome (BMS).Study DesignA cross‐sectional prospective controlled clinical study of 58 patients (28 BMS and 30 control). The presence of mineral and trace metals in unstimulated whole saliva was analyzed in BMS patients and in control subjects by means of ICP–OES. The parameters analyzed were as follows: oral health‐related quality of life (OHIP‐14) and the Hospital Anxiety Depression (HAD) scale. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to measure the intensity of burning sensation (pain).ResultsThe mean pain value for patients with BMS was 7.8 ± 2.4. OHIP‐14 oral health‐related quality of life among BMS patients was found to be affected: total BMS OHIP‐14 (16.98 ± 12.29) vs. control (8.53 ± 10.5) with significant difference (P = 0.015). Concentrations of the different elements were slightly higher among BMS patients but without statistically significant differences for any of the elements analyzed (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, B, P, S, Al, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, As, Be, Bi, Co, Li, Mo, Sb, Se, Sr, Ti, Tl, V).ConclusionsThis study failed to identify abnormal levels of minerals or trace elements in saliva of patients with BMS.
Dendrimers for gene delivery – a potential approach for ocular therapy?
Authors: Chaplot Sahil P , Rupenthal Ilva D 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Objectives
A vast number of blinding diseases have genetic aetiologies and may be treated by molecular based therapies such as antisense oligonucleotides or short interfering RNA. However, treatment success of ocular gene therapy is highly dependent on efficient delivery of such molecules.

Key findings
The majority of clinical studies for ocular gene therapy utilize viral vectors. While these have proven highly efficient, they show limited loading capacity and pose significant safety risks owing to their oncogenic and immunogenic effects. Non-viral gene carriers have emerged as a promising alternative with dendrimers providing great potential for gene therapy because of their size, shape and high density of modifiable surface groups. However, while dendrimers have been used extensively for drug and gene delivery to other organs, only a few studies have been reported on the eye.

Summary
This review focuses on the development of dendrimers for gene delivery with special emphasis on ocular gene therapy. Different synthesis approaches and types of dendrimers are discussed. Ocular gene therapy targets are highlighted with an overview of current clinical studies. The use of dendrimers in ocular gene delivery in comparison to liposomes and nanoparticles is also discussed. Finally, future prospects of tailored multifunctional dendrimers for ocular gene therapy are highlighted.
Improving Care for Rural Veterans: Are High Dual Users Different?
Authors: Nayar Preethy , Yu Fang , Apenteng Bettye 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundRural veterans face considerable barriers to access to care and are likely to seek health care services outside the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), or dual care.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the characteristics of high users of dual care versus occasional and nonusers of dual care, and the determinants of satisfaction with care received by rural veterans.DesignThe design was a cross‐sectional observational study.ParticipantsStructured telephone interviews of a random sample of veterans residing in rural Nebraska were conducted in 2011.Main MeasuresVeterans’ frequency of use of dual care and satisfaction with care received were assessed using multinomial and ordinal regression models.Key ResultsVeterans who have an established relationship with a VHA provider or a personal doctor or nurse at the VHA and those who were more satisfied with VHA quality of care were less likely to be high users of dual care. Veterans who were Medicare beneficiaries, or had private insurance or chronic illnesses, or were confused about where to seek care were more likely to be users of dual care. Veterans who report being confused about where to seek care, and those who perceive lack of coordination between the VHA and non‐VHA systems are less satisfied with care received.ConclusionsUnderstanding what motivates veterans to use dual care and influences their satisfaction with care received will enable the VHA to implement policy that improves the quality of care provided to rural veterans.
Effects of Gestational Age on Physical Findings of Immaturity, Body Weight, and Survival in Neonatal Alpacas (2002–2010)
Authors: Hardefeldt L.Y. , Semrad S.D. , Crump P.M. , Caragual C. , Peek S.F. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundGestational duration is highly variable in camelids (reference range 330–360 days), and a definition for prematurity has not been established. Anecdotally, it is suggested that crias born outside of this have increased incidence of physical findings of immaturity (tendon laxity, floppy ears, and unerupted teeth) and need increased intensive support in the neonatal period.ObjectivesLow gestational age (<330 days) is associated with physical findings of immaturity, low birth weight, more intensive and expensive care, but not decreased short‐term survival.AnimalsA total of 130 alpacas presented to the University of Wisconsin.MethodsRetrospective study of all neonatal crias <1 month of age.ResultsOf 130 neonatal alpacas presented, 86 (66%) had gestational age recorded (range 312–393 days). There were 16 (18.6%) crias with gestational age below 330 days. Crias born before 330 days were lighter at birth (mean 6.4 kg, SD 1.3 kg) than those born after 330 days (mean 7.4 kg, SD 1.7 kg, P = .002). Clinically immature crias had lower birth weights (mean 6.5 kg, SD 1.5 kg) than physically mature crias (mean 8.8 kg, SD 3.2 kg, P = .05). Survival rates were similar in all groups (premature 77%, mature 88%, P = .12). However, treatment costs were higher in crias born prior to 330 days with physical findings at birth consistent with immaturity compared with gestationally mature crias and those born prior to 330 days but with a physically mature appearance.ConclusionsCrias born before 330 days and those with physical findings of immaturity have a good prognosis, but require more intensive care, resulting in higher treatment costs.
Esophageal Stenting for Treatment of Refractory Benign Esophageal Strictures in Dogs
Authors: Lam N. , Weisse C. , Berent A. , Kaae J. , Murphy S. , Radlinsky M. , Richter K. , Dunn M. , Gingerich K. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundBenign esophageal strictures can recur despite multiple dilatation procedures and palliative management can be challenging.ObjectiveTo describe the technique and determine the outcome of esophageal stenting for treatment of refractory benign esophageal strictures (RBES) in dogs.AnimalsNine dogs with RBES.MethodsRetrospective review of records for dogs with RBES. Indwelling intraluminal esophageal stents were placed transorally with endoscopy, fluoroscopic guidance, or both. Follow‐up information was obtained via medical record or telephone interview.ResultsNine dogs had 10 stents placed including biodegradable stents (BDS) (6/10), self‐expanding metallic stents (SEMS) (3/10), and a self‐expanding plastic stent (SEPS) (1/10). All dogs had short‐term improved dysphagia. Complications included ptyalism, apparent nausea, gagging, vomiting, or regurgitation (8/9), confirmed recurrence of stricture (6/9), stent migration (3/9), stent shortening (1/9), megaesophagus (1/9), incisional infection (1/9), and tracheal–esophageal fistula (1/9). Eight of 9 dogs required intervention because of the complications of which 4 of 8 dogs were eventually euthanized because of stent‐related issues. One dog was lost to follow‐up examination.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceFindings suggest that esophageal stent placement was safe and technically effective, but unpredictably tolerated in dogs with RBES. If a stent is placed, dogs should be monitored carefully for stent migration, dissolution of absorbable stents, and recurrence of strictures.
Comparison of Presumptive Echocardiographic and Definitive Diagnoses of Cardiac Tumors in Dogs
Authors: Rajagopalan V. , Jesty S.A. , Craig L.E. , Gompf R. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundEchocardiography is used for identification of cardiac tumors and presumptive diagnoses often are made based on the location of identified masses.ObjectivesTo determine the accuracy of echocardiographically based presumptive diagnoses of cardiac tumors when compared with clinicopathologic or histopathologic definitive diagnoses.AnimalsA total of 24 client‐owned dogs having a cardiac mass on echocardiogram that was subsequently definitively diagnosed by cytology or histopathology.MethodsRetrospective study. A Cardiac Veterinary Database search of animals seen at the University of Tennessee John and Ann Tickle Small Animal Hospital from 2006 to 2012 identified 24 dogs that fit the inclusion criteria.ResultsThe presumptive diagnosis of chemodectoma, ectopic thyroid carcinoma, or lymphoma in cases with heart base masses was correct in 7/9 cases. The presumptive diagnosis of hemangiosarcoma in cases with right atrial masses was correct in 4/8 cases. Seven cases had an open diagnosis because of the unusual presentation on echocardiogram (ECG); various neoplasms were diagnosed in these animals, but hemangiosarcoma, chemodectoma, ectopic thyroid carcinoma, and lymphoma accounted for 6 of them. Pericardial effusion was seen in 10/24 cases.ECGabnormalities were seen in 8/24 cases. Survival ranged from <1 to >150 days.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceIn this retrospective study, the presumptive diagnosis based on echocardiographic tumor location was only moderately accurate. Cardiac tumors that were considered unusual on echocardiogram were nonetheless frequently found to be the common cardiac tumor types seen in dogs.
Serum Serotonin Concentration Is Associated with Severity of Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease in Dogs
Authors: Ljungvall I. , Höglund K. , Lilliehöök I. , Oyama M.A. , Tidholm A. , Tvedten H. , Häggström J. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundThe neurotransmitter serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine, 5‐HT) has recently been suggested to play a role in the development of naturally acquired myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) in dogs.AimTo investigate the association between serum 5‐HTconcentration andMMVDseverity in dogs, and to assess potential associations between serum 5‐HTconcentrations and dog characteristics, echocardiographic variables, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, presence of macrothrombocytosis, and plateletcrit.AnimalsA total of 120 client‐owned dogs.Material and MethodsDogs were prospectively recruited and were classified by standard echocardiography into healthy (dogs of breeds predisposed toMMVD, but without echocardiographic evidence of the disease), mild, moderate, or severeMMVDgroups. Serum 5‐HTconcentrations were analyzed using anELISA.ResultsDogs with severeMMVDhad lower serum 5‐HTconcentrations than healthy dogs (P = .0025) and dogs with mildMMVD(P = .0011). Unilinear and multiple regression analyses showed that serum 5‐HTconcentrations decreased with increasing left atrial to aortic root ratio (LA/Ao), were higher in Cavalier King Charles Spaniel (CKCS) dogs compared to dogs of other breeds, and were higher in female dogs than in male dogs. TheLA/Ao was the variable most strongly associated with serum 5‐HTconcentration.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe finding of higher serum 5‐HTconcentrations in dogs of breeds predisposed to the early onset ofMMVD(CKCS) and dogs with mildMMVDsuggests that alterations in 5‐HTsignaling might play a role in progression of early stages ofMMVD.
Safety of Spironolactone in Dogs with Chronic Heart Failure because of Degenerative Valvular Disease: A Population‐Based, Longitudinal Study
Authors: Lefebvre H.P. , Ollivier E. , Atkins C.E. , Combes B. , Concordet D. , Kaltsatos V. , Baduel L. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundSpironolactone treatment in humans is associated with an increased risk of hyperkalemia and renal dysfunction.HypothesisDogs with cardiac disease treated with spironolactone, in addition to conventional therapy, are not at higher risk for adverse events (AEs) than those receiving solely conventional therapy.AnimalsOne hundred and ninety‐six client‐owned dogs with naturally occurring myxomatous mitral valve disease.MethodsProspective, double‐blinded field study with dogs randomized to receive either spironolactone (2 mg/kg once a day) or placebo in addition to conventional therapy (angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor, plus furosemide and digoxin if needed). Safety was compared between treatment groups, using the frequency ofAEs, death caused by cardiac disease, renal disease, or both, and variations in serum sodium, potassium, urea, and creatinine concentrations. For the latter, population‐specific reference intervals were established and out of range values (ORV) analyzed.ResultsThe number ofAEs was similar in the spironolactone and reference groups (188 and 208, respectively), when followed for median duration of 217 days (range [2–1,333]). At each study time point, the percentage of dogs showingORVwas similar between groups. There were a higher number of deaths because of cardiac disease, renal disease or both in the reference group (30.7% versus 13.7%) (P = .0043).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceDogs with heart failure receiving spironolactone in addition to conventional treatment are not at a higher risk forAEs, death caused by cardiac disease, renal disease, or both, hyperkalemia, or azotemia.
Pharmacokinetics of an injectable long‐acting parenteral formulation of doxycycline hyclate in pigs
Authors: Gutiérrez L. , Ocampo L. , Espinosa F. , Sumano H. 
Published: July 2013

Based on its ideal PK/PD ratios, doxycycline hyclate (DOX‐h), a time‐dependant antibacterial, is ideally expected to achieve sustained plasma drug concentrations at or slightly above the MIC level for as long as possible between dosing intervals. Pursuing this end, a poloxamer‐based matrix was used to produce a 10% long‐acting injectable preparation (DOX‐h‐LA) and its serum concentrations vs. time profile investigated after its injection to pigs in the pericaudal s.c. by parallel design. Results were compared with the forced oral bolus dose and i.v. pharmacokinetics of DOX‐h. For this study, 12 recently weaned pigs per group were included in this trial, and a dose of 20 mg/kg was injected in all cases. DOX‐h‐LA showed the greatest values for bioavailability (115.38%); maximum serum concentration (Cmax) value was 1.5 ± 0.2 with a time to reach Cmax of 3.41 ± 0.04 h and an elimination rate constant of 70.93 ± 0.87 h. Considering minimum effective serum concentration of 0.5 μg/mL, a dose interval of at least 5 days can be achieved for DOX‐h‐LA, whereas p.o. and i.v. dosing of DOX‐h may only last 11 and 15 h, respectively. Pigs were slaughtered on day 30 after this trial, and no visible remnants of the preparation were detected neither fibrosis was observed after a thorough macroscopic and histopathological analysis.