bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social participation classification and activities in association with health outcomes among older adults: Results from a scoping review
Authors: Zhang Huijing , Hao Xiaonan , Qin Yuan , Yang Yuhang , Zhao Xuetong , Wu Shuang , Li Kun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study is to summarize the characteristics of social participation classification and examine the association between activities and health outcomes among older adults.DesignScoping review.Data SourcesEight databases (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, The Cochrane Library, Embase, ProQuest, Psychological Information Database, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched. Reference lists of relevant social participation reviews were also considered.MethodsThis study applied a five‐stage methodological framework. A narrative synthesis summarized social participation classification and activities and their associations with health outcomes among older adults (≥65 years) living at home, in the community or in nursing residences.ResultsForty‐two articles published between 1975 and 2022 were selected. Four classification criteria of social participation were extracted and summarized from these studies. Based on the depth and breadth of social interactions, this review proposed a four‐level classification schema. A lower risk of mortality and less visual impairment were associated with participation in level‐one, level‐three or level‐four activities, whereas less depression, less pain and better cognitive function were linked to participation in level‐three or level‐four activities.ConclusionFuture studies should provide a clear definition, establish classification criteria for participation and properly select activity forms while considering both subjective and objective dimensions.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareThe results could provide data for designing targeted social participation interventions to improve specific health outcomes among older adults.ImpactThis review could help researchers examine the role of social participation activities in specific health outcomes. Moreover, a proposed classification of social participation activities would benefit researchers and community nurses in discerning the similarities and differences among activities.Reporting MethodThis study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses—Extension for Scoping Reviews guideline.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Prevalence of dental caries among children and adolescents with intellectual disability in India: A scoping review
Authors: Philip Philcy , Prasanna Praveen , Vijaya Remi Ravi , Samuel Reena , George Willy T. , Joseph Martina Shalini Arul , Lim Mathew , Armstrong Gregory , Grills Nathan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundChildren with intellectual and developmental disabilities are at a higher risk of developing dental caries. Few scoping reviews have been conducted in India to understand their issues. We aimed to summarise the distribution and risk factors of dental caries among children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities in India.MethodsA scoping review was conducted based on the Arksey O Malley framework. Quality assessment of studies, descriptive and thematic analyses were also conducted.ResultsWe charted, collated, and summarised from four databases. Thirty‐one studies met the study criteria consisting of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Median caries prevalence was 70%, decayed missing and fIlled permenant teeth (DMFT) was 2.4, decayed missing and filled decidous teeth (dmft) was 2.36, and DMFS was 3.7. Major determinants were the severity of disability, socioeconomic status and parents' education. Oral care and dental visits were inadequate.ConclusionFurther exploration is required to improve access and reduce caries experience and prevalence among children with intellectual and developmental disabilities in India.
Prognostic implications of residual mild coarctation gradient after interventional repair
Authors: Zhu Wenhao , Xia Zhiyuan , Zhou Congcong , Wan Junyi , Wang Jingyu , Li Yihang , Zhang Jingnan , Henein Michael , Fang Fang , Zhang Gejun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThere is limited data on the prognostic implications of residual mild coarctation (RMC) in patients with repaired native coarctation of the aorta (CoA). To explore the association of RMC with mid‐term comorbidities in post‐interventional patients, and the predictive value of the residual pressure gradient. The authors retrospectively analyzed 79 native CoA patients who received successful intervention at our hospital between October 2010 and June 2023. The outcomes of the study were late arterial hypertension (either raised blood pressure or commencement of hypotensive medications) only in normotensive patients at early follow‐up and the composite mid‐term comorbidities including new‐onset aortic injury, re‐stenosis, and re‐intervention. At a median follow‐up of 60 months, late hypertension and mid‐term comorbidities occurred in 16 (28.1%) and nine (11.4%) patients, respectively. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis identified invasive peak systolic CoA pressure gradient (PSPG) as the best independent predictor of both outcomes. The maximally selected rank statistics indicated 10 mm Hg as the best PSPG cut‐off value for predicting late hypertension. Compared to patients with PSPG < 11 mm Hg, the cumulative event rates of both outcomes were higher in those with PSPG ≥ 11 mm Hg (log‐rank test, p < .001 for both endpoints). PSPG ≥ 11 mm Hg was proved to be the independent predictor of late hypertension with a significantly increased risk. In patients with non‐surgical CoA repair, the post‐interventional RMC and PSPG ≥11 mm Hg are important predictors of clinical comorbidities at mid‐term follow‐up.
Association between help‐seeking and motivation for completing a couple relationship education program across service modality
Authors: Hodge Violet , Gao Ruiqin , Carlson Ryan G. , Barden Sejal M. , Taylor Dalena Dillman 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLevels of motivation and help‐seeking impact the effectiveness of couple relationship education (CRE), as those with greater help‐seeking and motivation are more likely to attend more sessions and remain engaged. Less is known about what impacts the association between motivation and help‐seeking between partners in a couple engaging in CRE. The current study aims to examine (a) the effect of couples' self‐stigma for help‐seeking on their own or partner's motivation to complete the relationship education program and (b) whether the effects differ between service modality (i.e., online and in‐person). We sampled 276 heterosexual couples who participated in a relationship education program. A multiple‐group actor–partner interdependence model analysis revealed that women and men with higher self‐stigma for seeking help exhibited lower motivation to complete the program in both settings. Higher self‐stigma in men for help‐seeking significantly enhanced the motivation of their female partners to complete the online relationship education program.
Climate disasters and processing of green patents
Authors: Guo Guangyuan , Hu Dongmin , Wang Xiaohu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUsing Chinese data, this paper reveals that climate disaster events have a positive impact on the granting of green invention patents. The occurrence of climate disasters leads the patent‐granting officials to overestimate the likelihood of disaster recurrence, strengthens their perception of environmental protection as urgent, and consequently increases the number of patents that they grant. Salience bias, the tendency to overestimate probabilities due to the occurrence of salient events, is widely studied in psychology and behavioral finance. This paper extends this research by examining the influence of salience bias on people's behavior in processing green invention patents, with a specific focus on climate disaster events in Beijing, the headquarters of China's patent examination authority. In addition to the overall positive impact on granted patent numbers, the paper finds that (i) the influence of salience bias is temporary, with a more pronounced effect on energy‐saving patents than on other categories of patents, and (ii) the primary effect is on green invention patents filed by firms in Beijing, with the effect of salience bias rapidly diminishing as the distance of the application city from Beijing increases.
Good Measures: Developing a Process for Authentic Assessment Creation in Food Education
Authors: Gomez Paulina , Sutter Carolyn 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThis paper presents the process taken by a nonprofit educational organization to create authentic evaluation tools for Food Education in K‐12 schools. Development was a collaborative effort between organization staff and teachers during an Evaluation Summit. The program background, development of the Summit, and plans for post‐Summit work continuation are described. The Summit included 14 teacher participants (3‐4 per grade band in preK‐1, 2‐5, 6‐8, 9‐12).METHODSThe process of tool development was captured via direct observations and analysis of artifacts (eg, participants' brainstorming chart paper, online development documents) to identify themes in successful approaches and challenges. Additional post‐Summit activities were also captured via surveys and artifacts. Outcomes of this work are outlined, including the challenges in carrying out the creation of authentic assessments that accurately reflect the classroom teaching experience, and the value of in‐person community building in the Food Education space.RESULTSKey findings relate to the importance of in‐person collaboration amongst teachers, centering students in evaluation, and equity and accessibility in tool development.CONCLUSIONSAlthough outlining challenges and outcomes was not an a priori goal of this work, it provides important information for others working in the education nonprofit space—especially as it pertains to new approaches to classroom evaluation.
The role of politicians' perceptual accuracy of voter opinions in their reelection
Authors: Hug Simon , Varone Frédéric , Helfer Luzia , Walgrave Stefaan , Soontjens Karolin , Sheffer Lior 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPolitical representation can be described as a process brought about via an electoral and a perceptual path. Drawing on original survey data on the perceptual accuracy of elected representatives in Belgium, Canada and Switzerland, this study explores whether and how the two paths are connected. It shows, first, that representatives who more accurately perceive voters' opinion are more likely to be re‐elected, suggesting that perceptual accuracy impacts the electoral path to representation. Second, representatives who are electorally safe hold less accurate perceptions of voters' policy preferences, meaning that the electoral path impacts the perceptual path. In all, the study provides evidence for the role of politicians' perceptual accuracy in their electoral career: voters sanction those representatives who are not sufficiently acquainted with their preferences, and representatives who fear to be voted out of office put more effort in getting acquainted with what voters want.
English learners’ beliefs about L2 speaking fluency: Insights from elicited metaphor analysis
Authors: Naghavian Mohammad 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSecond language (L2) learners hold different learning beliefs that influence their interpretation of classroom experiences and their L2 learning process. Developing a thorough understanding of such beliefs is therefore imperative. This article reports the representations of Iranian English‐as‐a‐foreign‐language (EFL) learners’ beliefs about L2 speaking fluency as revealed by elicited metaphors and follow‐up interviews. A group of 24 Iranian EFL learners majoring in teaching English as a foreign language were asked to conceptualize L2 speaking fluency through metaphor. Learners’ metaphorical representations were examined using metaphor analysis and organized into eight metaphor themes through thematic analysis. The findings suggest that metaphor is a suitable tool for gaining insight into learners’ beliefs about L2 speaking fluency and capturing its complex, multifaceted nature. Various aspects were conceptualized, which revealed that learners had a deep understanding of L2 speaking fluency and could represent its multifaceted nature in the learning process. Additionally, this research sheds light on contextual factors that might contribute to learners’ beliefs. The findings fill a gap in research concerning EFL learners’ beliefs about L2 speaking fluency and have useful implications for L2 teachers, learners, and researchers.
Heat stress transcription factors as the central molecular rheostat to optimize plant survival and recovery from heat stress
Authors: Bakery Ayat , Vraggalas Stavros , Shalha Boushra , Chauhan Harsh , Benhamed Moussa , Fragkostefanakis Sotirios 
Published: July 2024

SummaryHeat stress transcription factors (HSFs) are the core regulators of the heat stress (HS) response in plants. HSFs are considered as a molecular rheostat: their activities define the response intensity, incorporating information about the environmental temperature through a network of partner proteins. A prompted activation of HSFs is required for survival, for example the de novo synthesis of heat shock proteins. Furthermore, a timely attenuation of the stress response is necessary for the restoration of cellular functions and recovery from stress. In an ever‐changing environment, the balance between thermotolerance and developmental processes such as reproductive fitness highlights the importance of a tightly tuned response. In many cases, the response is described as an ON/OFF mode, while in reality, it is very dynamic. This review compiles recent findings to update existing models about the HSF‐regulated HS response and address two timely questions: How do plants adjust the intensity of cellular HS response corresponding to the temperature they experience? How does this adjustment contribute to the fine‐tuning of the HS and developmental networks? Understanding these processes is crucial not only for enhancing our basic understanding of plant biology but also for developing strategies to improve crop resilience and productivity under stressful conditions.
A Novel Deformity Correction Manipulation System for Better Correction of Large Thoracic Scoliosis
Authors: Huang Yong , Zhu Ce , Wang Yongliang , Feng Ganjun , Liu Limin 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTreating patients with large thoracic scoliosis (between 70° and 100°) poses technical challenges, particularly with traditional correction techniques (TCT). To address this, we developed a novel deformity correction manipulation system (DCMS) aimed at reducing surgical complexity and trauma. This study aims to assess the safety and effectiveness of DCMS in treating large thoracic scoliosis.MethodsFrom January 2016 to June 2021, 76 patients with large thoracic scoliosis were included in this retrospective study. The patients were divided into two groups: DCMS (n = 34) and TCT (n = 42). Basic patient data including age at surgery, sex, etiology, Risser sign, flexibility of the main thoracic curve, instrumented levels, number of screws, duration of hospital stay, and follow‐up time were collected and analyzed. Radiographic and clinical outcomes, as measured by various radiographic parameters and Scoliosis Research Society‐30 (SRS‐30) scores, were retrospectively analyzed and compared between the two groups. Adverse events were also documented. Statistical analyses were performed using two‐tailed independent t‐tests, chi‐square tests, and Fisher's exact test.ResultsThe DCMS group exhibited significantly shorter operative times, reduced blood loss, and shorter hospital stays compared to the TCT group. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age at surgery, sex, etiology, Risser sign, flexibility of the main curve, instrumented levels, number of screws, and follow‐up time. While preoperative major curves were statistically similar between the two groups, the DCMS group achieved a superior correction rate compared to the TCT group (74.2% ± 8.8% vs 68.1% ± 10.5%). No significant differences were observed in other radiographic parameters, SRS‐30 scores, or the incidence of adverse events.ConclusionThe application of DCMS resulted in shorter operative times, reduced blood loss, shorter hospital stays, and greater curve correction compared to TCT. DCMS proves to be a safe and effective technique for treating large thoracic curves.
Determinism, deliberation, and responsibility
Authors: Audi Robert 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn appraising human actions, an important consideration is whether they are free. If they are compelled, this may be excusatory; if controlled by someone other than the agent, this may mitigate; and if selfishly motivated, this may invalidate excuses. Moral appraisals of action by non‐philosophers do not normally consider whether it can be free under determinism. Metaphysical inquiry about action, by contrast, seems incomplete if it does not consider this. Are there two free will problems, one normative and one metaphysical? If so, they share such terms as ‘could’ and ‘could not’, and thoughtful non‐philosophers question their own normative assumptions once they understand the metaphysical problem determinism poses for the philosophy of action. This paper distinguishes metaphysical from action‐theoretic elements of the free will problem but also connects the metaphysical issues with normative questions about responsibility; it critically appraises some major metaphysical arguments concerning free action; and—to the extent possible in a single paper—it provides a positive account of free action neutral toward determinism.
Unaffordable, untrustworthy, or unnecessary? Reasons for foregoing building, home contents, and comprehensive car insurance in disaster‐prone Australia
Authors: Bourova Evgenia , Ramsay Ian , Ali Paul 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn Australia, building, home contents, and comprehensive car insurance facilitate the accumulation of assets associated with rational, responsible citizenship while promising protection in case of events such as fire, flooding, car accident, or theft. Yet many Australians lack these insurance products, risking exposure to devastating financial losses when disaster strikes. This article compares the findings of online surveys of insured and uninsured Australians and explores the factors driving some to forego insurance coverage. Our findings show that inability to afford premiums is a major driver of noninsurance in Australia, particularly for people with low levels of disposable income and assets, or those living in areas affected by rising disaster risk. Yet the decision to forego insurance is also influenced by attitudes to financial matters. Australians who forego insurance have lower levels of trust in insurance and are less likely to consider themselves under a social obligation to be insured. However, contrary to portrayals of the uninsured as risk‐takers, the decision to forego coverage does not appear to be driven by lesser risk aversion among uninsured Australians relative to those who do purchase building, home contents, and comprehensive car insurance policies.
Short‐term outcomes of dogs and cats undergoing lung lobectomy using either a self‐ligating loop or a thoracoabdominal stapler
Authors: Sandoval Daniel M. , Stobie Daniel , Valenzano Dominick M. , Zuendt Gregory F. , Lopez Daniel J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo assess clinical outcomes of lung lobectomies in dogs and cats using either self‐ligating loops (SLLs) or thoracoabdominal (TA) staplers, aiming to inform sample size calculations for future superiority trials.Study designRetrospective study.AnimalsA total of 72 dogs and 15 cats.MethodsRecords from January 2003 to October 2023 at a single institution were reviewed. Cases with lung lobectomy performed via TA stapler or SLL with a minimum 14‐day postoperative follow‐up were included. Pre‐, intra‐, and postoperative data were collected, with outcomes of interest including the frequency of intra‐ and postoperative complications. Outcome comparisons between techniques were performed to inform sample size calculations.ResultsA total of 101 lung lobectomies were performed. The TA stapler was used in 83 (82.2%) and the SLL in 18 (17.8%) lung lobectomies. Intraoperative complications were identified in 14/101 lung lobectomies (13.9%), including intraoperative hemorrhage in 12/101 lobectomies (11.8%) and air leakage in 2/101 lobectomies (1.9%). Postoperative complications were identified in 12/87 cases (13.8%), including 4 (4.6%) catastrophic complications and 5 (5.8%) major complications. All intra‐ and postoperative complications occurred in cases having undergone stapled lung lobectomy; however, no differences were identified between surgical technique and either intraoperative (p = .069) or postoperative complications (p = .112). A sample size of 103 lobectomies per technique group would be required for appropriate evaluation.ConclusionLung lobectomy using either surgical technique provided a good short‐term outcome in this population.Clinical significanceSelf‐ligating loop lung lobectomy provided a comparable alternative to stapled lung lobectomy. Further studies are needed to assess technique superiority.
Mechanical comparison of straight and pre‐bent interlocking nails used for the stabilization of a tibial gap fracture model
Authors: Chung William C. , Déjardin Loïc M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the mechanical behavior of straight (STRT) and pre‐bent (BENT) I‐Loc angle‐stable interlocking nails (AS‐ILN) used for stabilization of canine mid‐diaphyseal tibial fractures.Study designIn vitro experimental study.Sample populationTibial gap fracture models (n = 5/group).MethodsTibial models simulating a comminuted mid‐diaphyseal fracture were stabilized with either a STRT or BENT I‐Loc AS‐ILN. Bent nails were contoured to match the 10° tibial recurvatum of a mid‐size dog. Constructs were subjected to cyclic eccentric compressive loads followed by ramp load until failure. Construct compliance, maximum compressive load and resistive torque, yield load and angular deformation at 450 N were statistically compared using t‐tests (p < .05). Failure modes were described.ResultsCompliance was 45% lower in BENT than STRT groups (p < .0001). Constructs in the BENT group sustained ~20% and 34% greater maximum and yield loads, respectively, than STRT constructs. Maximum resistive torques were similar between groups (p = .16). At 450 N, sagittal plane angular deformation increased from 0° to 4° in procurvatum (STRT group) and decreased from 10° to 8° in recurvatum (BENT group—p < .0001). Construct yield failure occurred at the nail isthmus in both groups.ConclusionThese results demonstrated that, in a tibial gap fracture model, pre‐bending I‐Loc AS‐ILNs provided mechanical advantages by increasing their ability to resist bending resulting from eccentric compressive loads.Clinical significancePre‐bending may reduce the occurrence of tibial nail yield failure. Surgeons should therefore consider pre‐bending tibial I‐Loc nails to match the bone anatomical recurvatum prior to implantation.