bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SALARIOS Y PRECIOS DE LOS FACTORES EN BUENOS AIRES, 1770-1880: UNA APROXIMACIÓN A LA DISTRIBUCIÓN FUNCIONAL DEL INGRESO EN EL LARGO PLAZO
Authors: Gelman Jorge , Santilli Daniel 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTThis article studies inequality in Buenos Aires from the late colonial period to the beginning of thebelle époquethrough series of prices based on primary sources. This enables a comparison of the evolution of land prices and wages in order to estimate the functional income distribution among workers and proprietors. The evolution of livestock prices is assessed as well to capture a more complete image of capital income, due to the importance of cattle raising for the economy of Buenos Aires. The outcome reveals an increasing inequality since the dawn of the cattle-farming boom at the beginning of the independent era.
Impedance control using electron beam diode in intense pulsed-power generator
Authors: Hayashi Ryota , Ito Tomoaki , Tamura Fumihiro , Kudo Takahiro , Takakura Naoto , Kashine Kenji , Takahashi Kazumasa , Sasaki Toru , Kikuchi Takashi , Harada Nob , Jiang Weihua , Tokuchi Akira 
Published: March 2015

AbstractTo control an input energy for a load, an impedance control with a gap distance of an electron beam diode was studied using an intense pulsed-power generator. The output current of the pulsed-power generator as a function of the gap distance of electron beam diode was measured. It indicated that the behaviors of the experimentally obtained peak current and the theoretically obtained space-charge limited current were found to decrease with an increase in the gap distance. The input energy for the load was estimated from the output current, which decreased with an increase in the gap distance. It also revealed the space-charge limited current suppresses the input energy for the load with a decade.
Simply typed fixpoint calculus and collapsible pushdown automata
Authors: SALVATI SYLVAIN , WALUKIEWICZ IGOR 
Published: March 2015

Simply typed λ-calculus with fixpoint combinators, λY-calculus, offers an interesting method for approximating program semantics. The Böhm tree of a λY-term represents the meaning of the program up to the meaning of built-in constants. It is much easier to reason about properties of such trees than properties of interpreted programs. Moreover, some interesting properties of programs are already expressible on the level of these trees.Collapsible pushdown automata (CPDA) give another way of generating the same class of trees as λY-terms. We clarify the relationship between the two models. In particular, we present two relatively simple translations from λY-terms to CPDA using Krivine machines as an intermediate step. The latter are general machines for describing computation of the weak head normal form in the λ-calculus. They provide the notions of closure and environment that facilitate reasoning about computation.
Linked data privacy
Authors: JAKŠIĆ SVETLANA , PANTOVIĆ JOVANKA , GHILEZAN SILVIA 
Published: March 2015

Web of Linked Data introduces common format and principles for publishing and linking data on the Web. Such a network of linked data is publicly available and easily consumable. This paper introduces a calculus for modelling networks of linked data with encoded privacy preferences.In that calculus, a network is a parallel composition of users, where each user is named and consists of data, representing the user's profile, and a process. Data is a parallel composition of triples with names (resources) as components. Associated with each name and each triple of names are their privacy protection policies, that are represented by queries. A data triple is accessible to a user if the user's data satisfies the query assigned to that triple.The main contribution of this model lies in the type system which together with the introduced query order ensures that static type-checking prevents privacy violations. We say that a network is well behaved if—access to a triple is more restrictive than access to its components and less restrictive than access to the user name it is enclosed with,—each user can completely access their own profile,—each user can update or partly delete profiles that they own (can access the whole profiles), and—each user can update the privacy preference policy of data of another profile that they own or write data to another profile only if the newly obtained profile stays fully accessible to their owner.We prove that any well-typed network is well behaved.
Neuroimaging Studies in Eating Disorders
Authors: Frank Guido K. , Bailer Ursula F. , Henry Shannan , Wagner Angela , Kaye Walter H. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe understanding of the eating disorders (EDs) anorexia (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) has undergone remarkable advancements in the past decade. Most studies that have been done in AN show brain gray and white matter volume loss during the ill state that, at least in part, remit with recovery. Similar patterns occur for brain phopsholipids assessed using magnet resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Imaging studies have been used to provide functional information regarding serotonin neuroreceptor dynamics, regional cerebral blood flow, or cerebral glucose metabolism. Such studies have implicated cingulate, frontal, temporal, and parietal regions in AN. Investigators have found that challenges such as food and body image distortions may activate some of these regions, raising the possibility that such studies may shed light on puzzling AN symptoms, such as body image distortions or extremes of appetitive behaviors. Emerging data suggest these disturbances persist after recovery from AN, suggesting the possibility that these are traits that may create a vulnerability to develop an ED. While fewer studies have been done in BN or binge eating disorder, there may be disturbances of serotonin metabolism in similar brain regions. Taken together, these findings give promise for future investigations with the hope of delineating brain pathways that contribute to the etiology of EDs.
µ-XRF Analysis of Trace Elements in Lapis Lazuli-Forming Minerals for a Provenance Study
Authors: Angelici Debora , Borghi Alessandro , Chiarelli Fabrizia , Cossio Roberto , Gariani Gianluca , Lo Giudice Alessandro , Re Alessandro , Pratesi Giovanni , Vaggelli Gloria 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis paper presents new developments on the provenance study of lapis lazuli started by our group in 2008: during the years a multi-technique approach has been exploited to obtain minero-petrographic characterization and creation of a database considering only rock samples of known provenance. Since the final aim of the study is to develop a method to analyze archeological findings and artworks made with lapis lazuli in a completely non-invasive way, ion beam analysis techniques were employed to trace the provenance of the raw material used for the production of artifacts. Continuing this goal and focusing the analysis on determination of more significant minero-chemical markers for the provenance study of trace elements in different minerals, the method was extended with the use of micro X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF), to test the potential of the technique for this application. The analyzes were focused on diopside and pyrite in lapis lazuli samples of known provenance (Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Siberia). In addition,µ-XRF data were compared with micro proton-induced X-ray emission (µ-PIXE) results to verify the agreement between the two databases and to compare the analytical performance of both techniques for this application.
Global versus local adsorption selectivity
Authors: Pauzat Françoise , Marloie Gael , Markovits Alexis , Ellinger Yves 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe origin of the enantiomeric excess found in the amino acids present in the organic matter of carbonaceous meteorites is still unclear. Selective adsorption of one of the two enantiomers existing after a racemic formation could be part of the answer. Hereafter we report a comparative study of the adsorption of the R and S enantiomers of α-alanine and lactic acid on the hydroxylated {$10\bar 10$} chiral surface of α-quartz using numerical simulation techniques. Structurally different adsorption sites were found with opposite R versus S selectivity for the same molecule–surface couple, raising the problem of whether to consider adsorption as a local property or as a global response characteristic of the whole surface. To deal with the second term of this alternative, a statistical approach was designed, based on the occurrence of each adsorption site whose energy was calculated using first principle periodic density functional theory. It was found that R-alanine and S-lactic acid are the enantiomers preferentially adsorbed, even if the adsorption process on the quartz {$10\bar 10$} surface stays with a disappointingly poor enantio-selectivity. Nevertheless, it highlighted the important point that considering adsorption as a global property changes perspectives in the search for more efficient enantio-selective supports and more generally changes the way to apprehend adsorption processes in astro-chemistry/biology.
Emergent Archiepiscopal Leadership within the Anglican Communion
Authors: Percy Martyn 
Published: March 2015

AbstractEach Archbishop of Canterbury has a distinctive style of leadership. To some extent, this will always be shaped and framed by prevalent contemporary cultures of leadership that are to be found within wider society. The paper examines and questions some aspects in the development of the current Archbishop of Canterbury's role. It argues that the combination of a certain kind of charismatic leadership, coupled to enhanced managerial organization, may be preventing the prospect of theological acuity and spiritual wisdom playing a more significant role in the continual formation of ecclesial polity in the Church of England, and across the wider Anglican Communion.
Conflict over reasons to eat tasty food predicts weight fluctuation over 6 weeks
Authors: Rosenhead Jonathan , Mansell Warren 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSeveral theories suggest that goal conflict leads to loss of control, but few studies have tested this proposal objectively. A transdiagnostic approach to CBT based on Perceptual Control Theory proposes that conflict between superordinate goals is at the heart of loss of control, and in turn, psychological distress. This study used the example of goal conflict around eating in a non-clinical sample as proof-of-concept to test whether it predicted loss of control. We examined whether the conflict regarding reasons to eat tasty food (e.g. ‘Eating tasty food helps me feel better’) versus reasons not to eat tasty food (e.g. ‘I want to lose weight’) correlated with weight fluctuations over 6 weeks in 33 students. At baseline, higher levels of goal conflict were associated with greater state and trait food cravings, and more problems with control over eating. As predicted, people with higher levels of goal conflict showed greater weight fluctuation. The effect diminished when controlling for trait food craving, and exercise fluctuation remained an independent predictor. We discuss the implications for future research on goal conflict, and for interventions that raise awareness of goal conflict to improve wellbeing via the enhancement of self-control.
Exploring the Relationship between Family Functioning and Psycho-Pathology in a Sample in the Pediatric Age
Authors: Pepe Silvia , Tortolani Daniela , Gentile Simonetta , Di Ciommo Vincenzo M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate differences in family functioning between families with clinical subjects in paediatric age and families taken from the Italian population. To this aim we used the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES). Participants were children diagnosed with a psychopathology, recruited into the psychiatry department in a Paediatric Hospital of Rome. A total of 106 families participated in the study. The non-pathological sample is composed by 2,543 parents in different age periods of the life-cycle. Results showed significant differences in family functioning between pathological and non-pathological samples. Specifically, families from the pathological sample (particularly the ones who experienced eating disorders) were more frequently located in extreme or mid-range regions of Olson’s circumplex model (p< .001). These findings suggest some considerations that can be useful in therapeutic works with families in a clinical setting. Critical aspects and clinical applications are discussed.
Giant negative magnetoresistance in Manganese-substituted Zinc Oxide
Authors: Wang X. L. , Shao Q. , Zhuravlyova A. , He M. , Yi Y. , Lortz R. , Wang J. N. , Ruotolo A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe report a large negative magnetoresistance in Manganese-substituted Zinc Oxide thin films. This anomalous effect was found to appear in oxygen-deficient films and to increase with the concentration of Manganese. By combining magnetoresistive measurements with magneto-photoluminescence, we demonstrate that the effect can be explained as the result of a magnetically induced transition from hopping to band conduction where the activation energy is caused by the sp-d exchange interaction.
Fat mass- and obesity-associated gene Fto affects the dietary response in mouse white adipose tissue
Authors: Ronkainen Justiina , Huusko Tuija J. , Soininen Raija , Mondini Eleonora , Cinti Francesca , Mäkelä Kari A. , Kovalainen Miia , Herzig Karl-Heinz , Järvelin Marjo-Riitta , Sebert Sylvain , Savolainen Markku J. , Salonurmi Tuire 
Published: March 2015

AbstractCommon variants of human fat mass- and obesity-associated gene Fto have been linked with higher body mass index, but the biological explanation for the link has remained obscure. Recent findings suggest that these variants affect the homeobox protein IRX3. Here we report that FTO has a role in white adipose tissue which modifies its response to high-fat feeding. Wild type and Fto-deficient mice were exposed to standard or high-fat diet for 16 weeks after which metabolism, behavior and white adipose tissue morphology were analyzed together with adipokine levels and relative expression of genes regulating white adipose tissue adipogenesis and Irx3. Our results indicate that Fto deficiency increases the expression of genes related to adipogenesis preventing adipocytes from becoming hypertrophic after high-fat diet. In addition, we report a novel finding of increased Irx3 expression in Fto-deficient mice after high-fat feeding indicating a complex link between FTO, IRX3 and fat metabolism.
Supervised exercise training reduces oxidative stress and cardiometabolic risk in adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Vinetti Giovanni , Mozzini Chiara , Desenzani Paolo , Boni Enrico , Bulla Laura , Lorenzetti Isabella , Romano Claudia , Pasini Andrea , Cominacini Luciano , Assanelli Deodato 
Published: March 2015

AbstractTo evaluate the effects of supervised exercise training (SET) on cardiometabolic risk, cardiorespiratory fitness and oxidative stress status in 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), twenty male subjects with T2DM were randomly assigned to an intervention group, which performed SET in a hospital-based setting and to a control group. SET consisted of a 12-month supervised aerobic, resistance and flexibility training. A reference group of ten healthy male subjects was also recruited for baseline evaluation only. Participants underwent medical examination, biochemical analyses and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Oxidative stress markers (1-palmitoyl-2-[5-oxovaleroyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine [POVPC]; 1-palmitoyl-2-glutaroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine [PGPC]) were measured in plasma and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. All investigations were carried out at baseline and after 12 months. SET yielded a significant modification (p < 0.05) in the following parameters: V'O2max (+14.4%), gas exchange threshold (+23.4%), waist circumference (−1.4%), total cholesterol (−14.6%), LDL cholesterol (−20.2%), fasting insulinemia (−48.5%), HOMA-IR (−52.5%), plasma POVPC (−27.9%) and PGPC (−31.6%). After 12 months, the control group presented a V'O2max and a gas exchange threshold significantly lower than the intervention group. Plasma POVC and PGPC were significantly different from healthy subjects before the intervention, but not after. In conclusion, SET was effective in improving cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiometabolic risk and oxidative stress status in T2DM.
Insights into the Role of Humic Acid on Pd-catalytic Electro-Fenton Transformation of Toluene in Groundwater
Authors: Liao Peng , Al-Ani Yasir , Malik Ismael Zainab , Wu Xiaohui 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA recently developed Pd-based electro-Fenton (E-Fenton) process enables efficient in situ remediation of organic contaminants in groundwater. In the process, H2O2, Fe(II) and acidic conditions (~pH 3) are produced in situ to facilitate the decontamination, but the role of ubiquitous natural organic matters (NOM) remain unclear. This study investigated the effect of Aldrich humic acid (HA) on the transformation of toluene by the Pd-based E-Fenton process. At pH 3 with 50 mA current, the presence of HA promoted the efficiency of toluene transformation, with pseudo-first-order rate constants increase from 0.01 to 0.016 as the HA concentration increases from 0 to 20 mg/L. The HA-enhanced toluene transformation was attributed to the accelerated thermal reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II), which led to production of more hydroxyl radicals. The correlation of the rate constants of toluene transformation and HA decomposition validated hydroxyl radical (·OH) as the predominant reactive species for HA decomposition. The finding of this study highlighted that application of the novel Pd-based E-Fenton process in groundwater remediation may not be concerned by the fouling from humic substances.
Analysis of the metabolome of Anopheles gambiae mosquito after exposure to Mycobacterium ulcerans
Authors: Hoxmeier J. Charles , Thompson Brice D. , Broeckling Corey D. , Small Pamela , Foy Brian D. , Prenni Jessica , Dobos Karen M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractInfection with Mycobacterium ulcerans causes Buruli Ulcer, a neglected tropical disease. Mosquito vectors are suspected to participate in the transmission and environmental maintenance of the bacterium. However, mechanisms and consequences of mosquito contamination by M. ulcerans are not well understood. We evaluated the metabolome of the Anopheles gambiae mosquito to profile the metabolic changes associated with bacterial colonization. Contamination of mosquitoes with live M. ulcerans bacilli results in disruptions to lipid metabolic pathways of the mosquito, specifically the utilization of glycerolipid molecules, an affect that was not observed in mosquitoes exposed to dead M. ulcerans. These results are consistent with aberrations of lipid metabolism described in other mycobacterial infections, implying global host-pathogen interactions shared across diverse saprophytic and pathogenic mycobacterial species. This study implicates features of the bacterium, such as the putative M. ulcerans encoded phospholipase enzyme, which promote virulence, survival and active adaptation in concert with mosquito development and provides significant groundwork for enhanced studies of the vector-pathogen interactions using metabolomics profiling. Lastly, metabolic and survival data suggest an interaction which is unlikely to contribute to transmission of M. ulcerans by A. gambiae and more likely to contribute to persistence of M. ulcerans in waters cohabitated by both organisms.
Exploring the potential of phyllosilicate minerals as potassium fertilizers using sodium tetraphenylboron and intensive cropping with perennial ryegrass
Authors: Li Ting , Wang Huoyan , Wang Jing , Zhou Zijun , Zhou Jianmin 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn response to addressing potassium (K) deficiency in soil and decreasing agricultural production costs, the potential of K-bearing phyllosilicate minerals that can be directly used as an alternative K source has been investigated using sodium tetraphenylboron (NaTPB) extraction and an intensive cropping experiment. The results showed that the critical value of K-release rate and leaf K concentration was 3.30 g kg−1 h−1 and 30.64 g (kg dry matter)−1, respectively under the experimental conditions. According to this critical value, the maximum amount of released K that could be utilized by a plant with no K deficiency symptoms was from biotite (27.80 g kg−1) and vermiculite (5.58 g kg−1), followed by illite, smectite and muscovite with 2.76, 0.88 and 0.49 g kg−1, respectively. Ryegrass grown on phlogopite showed K deficiency symptoms during the overall growth period. It is concluded that biotite and vermiculite can be directly applied as a promising and sustainable alternative to the use of classical K fertilizers, illite can be utilized in combination with soluble K fertilizers, whereas muscovite, phlogopite and smectite may not be suitable for plant growth. Further field experiments are needed to assess the use of these phyllosilicate minerals as sources of K fertilizer.
Odd-Mode Surface Plasmon Polaritons Supported by Complementary Plasmonic Metamaterial
Authors: Gao Xi , Zhou Liang , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSurface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), either on metal-dielectric interfaces in optical frequencies or on structured metal surfaces in the lower frequencies, are dominantly even modes. Here we discover dominant odd-mode SPPs on a complementary plasmonic metamaterial, which is constructed by complementary symmetric grooves. We show that the fundamental SPP mode on such a plasmonic metamaterial is a tightly confined odd mode, whose dispersion curve can be tuned by the shape of groove. According to the electric field distributions of odd-mode SPPs, we propose a high-efficiency transducer using asymmetric coplanar waveguide and slot line to excite the odd-mode SPPs. Numerical simulations and experimental results validate the high-efficiency excitation and excellent propagation performance of odd-mode SPPs on the complementary plasmonic waveguides in the microwave frequencies.
The Use of Hand Gestures to Communicate About Nonpresent Objects in Mind Among Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: So Wing-Chee , Lui Ming , Wong Tze-Kiu , Sit Long-Tin 
Published: March 2015

Purpose
The current study examined whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), in comparison with typically developing children, perceive and produce gestures to identify nonpresent objects (i.e., referent-identifying gestures), which is crucial for communicating ideas in a discourse.

Method
An experimenter described the uses of daily-life objects to 6- to 12-year-old children both orally and with gestures. The children were then asked to describe how they performed daily activities using those objects.

Results
All children gestured. A gesture identified a nonpresent referent if it was produced in the same location that had previously been established by the experimenter. Children with ASD gestured at the specific locations less often than typically developing children. Verbal and spatial memory were positively correlated with the ability to produce referent-identifying gestures for all children. However, the positive correlation between Raven's Children Progressive Matrices score and the production of referent-identifying gestures was found only in children with ASD.

Conclusions
Children with ASD might be less able to perceive and produce referent-identifying gestures and may rely more heavily on visual–spatial skills in producing referent-identifying gestures. The results have clinical implications for designing an intervention program to enhance the ability of children with ASD to communicate about nonpresent objects with gestures.