bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New patterns of localized excitations in (2+1)-dimensions: The fifth-order asymmetric Nizhnik–Novikov–Veselov equation
Authors: Wang Jianyong , Chai Yuanhua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
By applying the mastersymmetry of degree one to the time-independent symmetry K
1, the fifth-order asymmetric Nizhnik–Novikov–Veselov system is derived. The variable separation solution is obtained by using the truncated Painlevé expansion with a special seed solution. New patterns of localized excitations, such as dromioff, instanton moving on a curved line, and tempo-spatial breather, are constructed. Additionally, fission or fusion solitary wave solutions are presented, graphically illustrated by several interesting examples.
How climate change is impacting the Brazilian agricultural sector: evidence from a systematic literature review
Authors: Fiorini Ana Carolina Oliveira , Angelkorte Gerd , Bakman Tamar , Baptista Luiz Bernardo , Cruz Talita , A Diuana Fabio , Morais Taísa Nogueira , Rathmann Régis , da Silva Fábio T F , Tagomori Isabela , Zanon-Zotin Marianne , Lucena André F P , Szklo Alexandre , Schaeffer Roberto , Portugal-Pereira Joana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Climate change is one of the biggest threats to global food security, with observed impacts already affecting agriculture. This study aims to systematize and analyze the observed biophysical impacts and their evolution in agriculture in Brazil. For this, we carry out a systematic literature review that includes 1844 articles in the first stage, and 53 articles with synthesized information retrieved. Temperature and precipitation are the most studied climate variables when considering observed climate impact on food production, with corn, soybeans, and sugarcane as the major crops assessed. We also identify regional patterns of both positive and negative trends due to climate change: 67% of assessed studies report negative impacts, 15% both negative and positive, 11% neutral relationships and only 7% reveal positive effects. The diversity in scope and methodological approaches across studies presents a challenge, as only a fraction sufficiently contextualizes baseline conditions, not allowing for a comprehensive understanding of impact attribution. Nonetheless, the literature spotlights productivity declines in cassava, cocoa, rice and wheat. As for corn, soybeans, and sugarcane studies reveal both positive and negative impacts, depending on baseline premises. The call for more transparent and comprehensive studies is urgent, especially to encompass a broader range of food crops, particularly in family farming systems and across diverse regional scales. Such studies are imperative for advancing evidence-based climate-resilient strategies in agriculture aiming to map and prevent negative impacts, while promoting positive outcomes in food production.
Elevated CO2 concentrations contribute to a closer relationship between vegetation growth and water availability in the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes
Authors: Song Yang , Guo Yahui , Li Shijie , Li Wangyipu , Jin Xiuliang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes, with large human populations and terrestrial carbon sinks, have a high demand for and dependence on water resources. Despite the growing interest in vegetation responses to drought under climate change in this region, our understanding of changes in the relationship between vegetation growth and water availability (referred to as Rvw) remains limited. Here, we aim to explore the Rvw and its drivers in the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes between 1982 and 2015. We used the satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the fine-resolution Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) as proxies for vegetation growth and water availability, respectively. The trend analysis results showed that changes in NDVI and PDSI were asynchronous over the past three decades. Moreover, we analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of the correlation coefficient between NDVI and PDSI. The results indicated that the Rvw was getting closer in more areas over the period, but there were differences across ecosystems. Specifically, most croplands and grasslands were primarily constrained by water deficit, which was getting stronger; however, most forests were primarily constrained by water surplus, which was getting weaker. Furthermore, our random forest regression models indicated that the dominant driver of changes in the NDVI-PDSI correlation was atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) in more than 45% of grid cells. In addition, the partial correlation analysis results demonstrated that elevated CO2 concentrations not only boosted vegetation growth through the fertilizer effect but also indirectly enhanced water availability by improving water use efficiency. Overall, this study highlights the important role of atmospheric CO2 in mediating the Rvw under climate change, implying a potential link between vegetation greening and drought risk.
Developing a Design Paradigm for Regenerative Buildings that Give Back More than They Take
Authors: Hansen Dr. H T R , Jensen Dr. F V , Jensen Dr. K L , Fur I M H 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a regenerative design philosophy and a design paradigm for the built environment including 12 indicators of regenerative building design developed by Søren Jensen Consulting Engineering. The regenerative design paradigm was developed to address the challenge of designing liveable and healthy built environments whilst reestablishing planetary health. The design paradigm is based on a literature study of different discourses and methodologies relating to regenerative thinking, presentations from and interviews with researchers and specialists as well as case-studies of reference projects. The design paradigm aims to give back more than it takes of planetary resources whilst providing a living environment that promotes a healthy and happy life within and between buildings. Inspired by the Future Fit [6] methodology the design paradigm identifies break-even and positive pursuit goals for planetary and people health in the built environment.
Circular economy in the built environment: A systematic literature review on the role of digital technologies across regional contexts
Authors: Aral D , Kayaçetin N C , Durmuş Arsan Z 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The built environment has a significant role in ecosystems and resource depletion. Therefore, its transition from linear into the circular economy (CE) is critical yet still progressing. While research on CE in the built environment (BE) is growing, an in-depth understanding of facilitators as digital technologies (DT) is required to accelerate its implementation. Investigating these digitalization efforts, considering the regional variations of developed and developing economies, needs to be deepened. This study aims to demonstrate state-of-the-art CE research, providing insight into how digital technology preferences evolved through regional context as a facilitator in the built environment. For this purpose, 80 articles were assessed by (i) descriptive and (ii) thematic analysis through a systematic literature review (SLR). The descriptive analysis highlights the trends in the literature on CE-enabling DT in the built environment. The thematic analysis indicates the prominent DT to facilitate the transition with a link to the regional context and related variations. The results identify integrated DT in CE studies and their relevance to the economic levels of several countries, and they show research gaps to guide future research. This study contributes to an emerging field of research at the nexus of the built environment, the circular economy, and digital technology by mapping regional research tendencies.
Circular economy processes in the Nordic municipal building sector – a comparison of practices and policies
Authors: Kummen T M , Bohne R A , Lohne J , Rasmussen F N 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe initiation of circular economy (CE) within the built environment is imperative to address the impact of climate change and to fulfil the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the public sector is a key factor in this. The ambition of this paper is to investigate monitoring approaches to circular initiatives in the municipal sector of the Nordic countries, and their potential for improvement. The study was conducted in two stages, the first stage being a preliminary mapping of the reuse practices in selected Norwegian municipalities, where interviews (N=8) and site visits were conducted. These piloting interviews gave the basis for an extension of the mapping, including other Nordic municipalities and the research design. In the second stage, semi-structured in-depth interviews of key actors (N=20) in Nordic municipalities were carried out, along with renewed site visits and unstructured interviews (N=10). While several municipalities have implemented CE systems, there are significant discrepancies in the approach. It varies between using public procurements as a key measure to simulate the stakeholders in the built environment to initiate internal systems. The differences are less variable within the countries, likely due to frequent communication and easy availability. Recommendations and ways forward for the municipalities are provided. Municipalities should establish standardization of reuse mapping. The paper emphasizes the importance of setting requirements to facilitate a circular value chain. By implementing chosen measures and monitoring systems it will improve the understanding of circular economy, enable process tracking and unlock the potential of CE initiatives in municipalities.
Beyond Green: Integrating Economic and Social Aspects to Environmental Life Cycle Assessments in Canadian Housing
Authors: Keena N , Rondinel-Oviedo D R , Pomasonco-Alvis M , Bouffard A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Ensuring sustainability in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry is essential in the 21st century. This requires addressing the three pillars of sustainability - environment, economy, and society. However, existing evaluation methods, such as Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), primarily focuses on environmental impacts, inadvertently downplaying the significance of economic and social aspects. This study aims to comprehensively assess the environmental performance of residential buildings in Canada while integrating economic and social aspects. Firstly, following the LCA methodology, an environmental analysis was made of a representative model (RM) of Canadian housing to emphasize the circular economy strategies possible within Canada’s AEC industry. The study investigates two scenarios: the CE scenario, in which selective deconstruction strategies are applied to the RM, and the Linear Landfill scenario, in which conventional landfill practices are applied. A life cycle impact assessment is conducted to understand the environmental impacts of the two scenarios, comparing namely carbon footprint, water usage, and fossil resource use. Subsequently, an economic evaluation and cost-benefit analysis, encompassing a Life Cycle Cost Assessment (LCCA), are performed for each scenario. In the CE scenario, secondary materials from reusable or recycled components are incorporated; in the Linear Landfill scenario, only virgin materials are used. To address the social aspect of sustainability, both scenarios are assessed based on the affordability of the RM in three Canadian cities: Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. The findings highlight essential trade-offs between the three sustainability pillars, indicating positive results in the CE scenario. In the environmental analysis, the CE scenario saves 63% of CO2, 53% of water use, and 48% of fossil resource use when compared to the Linear Landfill scenario. In the economic analysis, the CE scenario is 1.6% higher than the Linear Landfill scenario when two life cycles are considered. Finally, in the social analysis, the average affordability index points out the CE scenario offers 5.23% more affordable housing. This research underscores the significance of a sustainability comprehensive evaluation aspects to provide an initial holistic understanding of the interconnected sustainability pillars, and its findings may have implications by encouraging the use of reused and recycled materials, promoting green financing approaches as better mortgage rates or financial support for sustainable buildings.
Evaluating Architectural Performance: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis-Based Assessment Tool
Authors: Ghom Pashmeena , George Abraham 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This research presents a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)-based framework for the comprehensive assessment of architectural design projects within undergraduate education, underpinned by an extensive review of historical architectural trends, current standards, and 21 B. Arch curricula and pedagogical practices. Developed through a two-phase approach that began with a foundational review and culminated in a survey of 264 architectural experts, this research has led to the creation of a performance-based architecture assessment tool (PAAT) that encompasses seven key criteria: spatial construct, functional and environmental efficiency, appropriate technology, socio-cultural integration, legal framework, and economic feasibility. These criteria are meticulously defined by 43 specific sub-criteria, offering a rigorous framework for the evaluation of student projects, particularly in the final year of B. Arch programs. provide a uniform framework for evaluating architectural projects, particularly in the final year of B. Arch programs. While it offers comprehensive insights for advanced projects, its adaptability for use in earlier stages of academic training is somewhat limited due to assessment of legal and economic aspects. This tool not only helps students improve their architectural designs, but also assists educators in assessing the cognitive aspects of design thinking. As a result, it greatly contributes to the development of architectural education, aligning with both historical perspectives and current societal needs.
Sustainable, futureproof homes – principles and recommendations from Germany
Authors: Dorff F , Lützkendorf T , König H , Schlitzberger S , Maas A , Vukadinovic M , Höttges K , Lange G 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In Germany, the introduction of legal binding requirements to limit greenhouse gas emissions in the life cycle of buildings is being discussed. In addition to the political discussion process, the necessary foundations and requirements are currently being developed This applies to both the calculation rules for the life cycle assessment, including the definition of the building and life cycle model and the system boundaries, and the completion of the life cycle assessment data for construction products. Germany is already following the rules of the future standard EN 15978 and has integrated them into the requirements of a new quality certificate for sustainable buildings. The life cycle related greenhouse gas emissions determined in the process also provide the basis for the approval of financial support under the newly introduced funding program for climate-friendly new buildings. In Germany, sustainability assessment systems and funding programs are traditionally used to test proposals for future legal requirements. In a research project funded by the Ministry of Construction, newly constructed residential buildings of different sizes and construction methods are being analyzed. It is being investigated whether the description of the buildings is suitable as a basis for balancing, whether the calculation and assessment rules are clear and easy to handle and whether the required limit values and benchmarks can be achieved in practice. Initial results are presented in this contribution. They provide an insight into the status of the discussion and the preparations for the introduction of statutory requirements in Germany.
Decarbonization possibilities for affordable wood-framed houses in the south of the US. Comparison of conventional, circular, and regenerative options
Authors: Novais Passarelli Rafael 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The transition to more circular practices in the construction sector offers an alternative path to the predominant linear, high-polluting, and wasteful processes. To better understand the full impact of building materials and buildings over their lifespan and beyond, life cycle assessment (LCA) studies have been a field of interest and a growing body of knowledge over the past three decades. Moreover, recent studies stress the critical relevance of the end-of-life (EoL) scenario, particularly for wood-based construction, highlighting its potential for further decarbonization through circular strategies such as design for adaptability, disassembly, and reuse. However, there is a significant knowledge gap in the LCA literature related to environmental impact mitigation strategies specific to affordable housing options, despite the pressing and undeniable need for these typologies. This study contributes to filling this gap by performing a detailed whole-building LCA of an affordable single-family house prototype built in the south of the USA using a standard light wood frame construction method. Besides the standard as-built scenario, this study developed five hypothetical scenarios that evaluated the influence of different EoL options (recycling or energy recovery), increased circular strategies (reuse), and substitution of non-renewable materials with regenerative materials for insulation (wood fiber) and finishing (clay plaster), aiming to identify further possibilities and limitations for decarbonization of such typology and construction method. The results of this study consistently pointed out that priorities should be to (1) guarantee proper end-of-life of metals and wood-based materials. (2) To replace non-renewable materials with regenerative wood or earth-based ones. (3) To improve material reuse and construction waste diversion rates. The results of this study support the development and implementation of policies and regulations for affordable housing, aiming toward increased environmental justice and a more equitable and sustainable built environment for all.
Evaluating the potential of green roofs in the context of decarbonization of the built environment
Authors: Liu Y L , He B J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The current urban climate disasters are frequent, decarbonization to mitigate urban climate has become an urgent task, and the carbon emission of China’s building operation stage is expected to peak in 2040, with carbon emission peaking at about 2.701 billion tCO2, which is seriously lagging behind China’s carbon peak target in 2030. Green roofs, as the “fifth façade” of buildings, account for about 20%-25% of the urban surface, and in the case of ground-level decarbonization strategies being limited, green roofs become a solution to reduce carbon emissions. In this paper, we review the existing literature, summarize the calculation methods for green roofs, outline the general process of these calculation methods, and analyze the carbon reduction pathways and the carbon reduction performance of representative plants planted on green roofs, and conclude that the implementation of green roofs has a significant contribution to the later stages of carbon peaking.
Strawbale buildings as carbon sinks: influence of the design and construction process on carbon emissions
Authors: Mazelli R , Bocco Guarneri A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Strawbale buildings have drawn attention as a prime example of carbon storage using bio-based materials in construction. However, the question on how to efficiently use the potential of this material in the design and construction processes to achieve carbon negative buildings remains open. The reflections proposed in this paper arise from the comparative analysis of two case studies: Bombasei, a residential settlement located in the outskirts of Zurich, and Biotal, an organic farm shop in southern Germany. While both buildings are designed by Swiss architect Werner Schmidt and use the same materials, they present profoundly different design and construction processes. Bombasei is composed of three timber-framed strawbale buildings of four storeys each, meticulously designed and efficiently built, partly through prefabrication. Biotal is a single storey hybrid strawbale construction, mainly self-built by the staff: the design differs significantly from the as-built situation. We performed a systematic investigation based on verified sources to draw bills of quantities and 3D models representing as-built situations. The comparative Life Cycle Assessment, following EN15978 through Ecoinvent 3.9 database and SimaPro software, is limited to A1-A3 phases, to avoid assumptions and uncertainties. Carbon emissions were evaluated through IPCC2021, and biogenic CO2 assessment followed EN 16449. The results show that the material production for both constructions has an overall low impact, with the main contributors being energy-intensive products. Biotal tends to perform better, and is a negative carbon building, mainly due to the choice of less-processed materials compared to Bombasei, which is a near net-zero construction. However, the use of large quantities of bio-based materials allows for the storage of significant amounts of biogenic CO2 in both case studies. In conclusion, strawbale buildings have a regenerative potential for the built environment, suitable for both self-built and scaled-up constructions and adaptable to specific use scenarios.
Reuse potential of building services in building relocation
Authors: Pichlmeier F , Lindner S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
While the energy consumption for building operation for new buildings in Germany is limited by law, there is currently no regulation for the embodied energy and the amount of primary raw material used in construction. However, the embodied energy and the amount of primary raw material of energy efficient buildings are increasing due to higher insulation standards and advanced building services. Nevertheless, the embodied energy of buildings and the use of recycled materials are rarely considered in the planning process. In the research project “Rural Mining” the relocation of two single-family homes and one two-family home in prefabricated timber construction was monitored. After serving as exhibition houses for ten to twenty years, the three buildings were transferred to new sites. Besides the reuse potential of prefabricated timber elements, the reuse potential of the building services was investigated. In this paper the focus lies on building services. The type, the amount and the material of the building services were recorded. The dismantling of the building services was documented and a Life Cycle Assessment was conducted. The paper will give an overview of the relocation process. The single steps and the reuse rates for the examined buildings will be shown. The aims are to define strategies to increase the reuse potential of building services and to draw conclusions for resource efficiency in future new buildings or renovations.