bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water Surface Topography Retrieved from Color Images*
Authors: Koskulics Jeffrey , Englehardt Steven , Long Steven , Hu Yongxiang , Ottaviani Matteo , Stamnes Knut 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Submerged objects viewed through wavy water surfaces appear distorted by refraction. An imaging system exploiting this effect is implemented using a submerged planar light source designed so that color images reveal features of small-amplitude waves in a wind-wave tank. The system is described by a nonlinear model of image formation based on the geometry of refraction, spectral emission from the light source, radiative transfer through the water and surface, and camera spectral response. Surface normal vector components are retrieved from the color image data using an iterative solution to the nonlinear model. The surface topography is then retrieved using a linear model that combines surface normal data with a priori constraints on elevation and curvature. The high-resolution topographic data reveal small-amplitude waves spanning wavelength scales from capillary through short gravity wave regimes. The system capabilities are demonstrated in the retrieval of test surfaces, and of a case of wind-driven waves, using data collected at high spatial and temporal resolution in a wave tank. The approach of using a physical model of image formation with inverse solution methods provides an example of how surface topography can be retrieved and may be applicable to data from other similar instruments.
Detection of Optically Thin Mineral Dust Aerosol Layers over the Ocean Using MODIS
Authors: Cho Hyoun-Myoung , Nasiri Shaima L. , Yang Ping , Laszlo Istvan , Zhao Xuepeng “Tom” 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Analyses show that several existing Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) dust detection techniques, including an approach based on simple brightness temperature difference thresholds, the D-parameter method, and the multichannel image (MCI) algorithm, may be more effective for detection of highly concentrated dust plumes than for thin dust layers. Using the Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) cloud and aerosol classification as a reference, the sensitivities of six MODIS radiative parameters (including brightness temperature differences, and standard deviation and ratios of reflectances) to cloud, clear sky, and dust layers are examined in this paper. Reflectance ratios and the standard deviation of reflectances were confirmed to be useful in the discrimination of dust from cloud and underlying ocean surface, while brightness temperature differences alone were not sufficient to separate dust from cloud and clear sky over the ocean surface. Using a collocated MODIS and CALIPSO training dataset from 2008, visible and infrared MODIS radiative parameters from six latitude bands and four seasons were combined using linear and quadratic discriminant analyses to develop a new algorithm for the detection of optically thin dust over the ocean. The validation using collocated MODIS and CALIPSO data from 2009 shows that the present algorithm is effective in detecting thin dust layers having optical thicknesses between 0.1 and 2.0, but that it tends to misclassify optically thicker dust layers as clouds.
A Variational Assimilation System for Nearshore Wave Modeling
Authors: Orzech Mark D. , Veeramony Jayaram , Ngodock Hans 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA variational data assimilation system is developed for the stationary, homogeneous portion of the wave model Simulating Waves Nearshore (SWAN). The system is based on a numerical adjoint constructed for the discrete forward SWAN code; its performance is compared to that of an earlier system based on a discretized analytical adjoint (Walker; Veeramony et al.). This paper describes the development and validation of individual numerical adjoint subroutines, followed by the testing and evaluation of the assimilation system as a whole with an idealized twin experiment and with data from Duck, North Carolina. In the twin experiment, the present system performs on par with that of Walker. Estimates of wave spectra and spectral statistics also compare well to measured spectral data at Duck, North Carolina. The error in these estimates is partly due to the exclusion of nonlinear source and sink terms from the adjoint and partly due to different spectral processing techniques used for different types of instruments.
Monthly Crustal Loading Corrections for Satellite Altimetry
Authors: Ray R. D. , Luthcke S. B. , van Dam T. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Satellite altimeter measurements of sea surface height include a small contribution from vertical motion of the seafloor caused by crustal loading. Loading by ocean tides is routinely allowed for in altimeter data processing. Here, loading by nontidal fluids of the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial hydrosphere is examined. The crustal deformation can be computed from either geophysical models or from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) gravity inversions of mass variability. The loading corrections are found to be very small, rarely exceeding a few millimeters. Nonetheless, they form a significant correction to altimetric determinations of global mean sea level. The correction is most important at the annual cycle and should be accounted for when attempting to balance the global sea level budget.
Real-Time Detection and Filtering of Chaff Clutter from Single-Polarization Doppler Radar Data
Authors: Kim Yong Hyun , Kim Sungshin , Han Hye-Young , Heo Bok-Haeng , You Cheol-Hwan 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
In countries with frequent aerial military exercises, chaff particles that are routinely spread by military aircraft represent significant noise sources for ground-based weather radar observation. In this study, a cost-effective procedure is proposed for identifying and removing chaff echoes from single-polarization Doppler radar readings in order to enhance the reliability of observed meteorological data. The proposed quality control procedure is based on three steps: 1) spatial and temporal clustering of decomposed radar image elements, 2) extraction of the clusters’ static and time-evolution characteristics, and 3) real-time identification and removal (or censoring) of target echoes from radar data. Simulation experiments based on this procedure were conducted on site-specific ground-echo-removed weather radar data provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), from which three-dimensional (3D) reflectivity echoes covering hundreds of thousands of square kilometers of South Korean territory within an altitude range of 0.25–10 km were retrieved. The algorithm identified and removed chaff clutter from the South Korean data with a novel decision support system at an 81% accuracy level under typical cases in which chaff and weather clusters were isolated from one another with no overlapping areas.
Tornado Pathlength Forecasts from 2010 to 2011 Using Ensemble Updraft Helicity
Authors: Clark Adam J. , Gao Jidong , Marsh Patrick T. , Smith Travis , Kain John S. , Correia James , Xue Ming , Kong Fanyou 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Examining forecasts from the Storm Scale Ensemble Forecast (SSEF) system run by the Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms for the 2010 NOAA/Hazardous Weather Testbed Spring Forecasting Experiment, recent research diagnosed a strong relationship between the cumulative pathlengths of simulated rotating storms (measured using a three-dimensional object identification algorithm applied to forecast updraft helicity) and the cumulative pathlengths of tornadoes. This paper updates those results by including data from the 2011 SSEF system, and illustrates forecast examples from three major 2011 tornado outbreaks—16 and 27 April, and 24 May—as well as two forecast failure cases from June 2010. Finally, analysis updraft helicity (UH) from 27 April 2011 is computed using a three-dimensional variational data assimilation system to obtain 1.25-km grid-spacing analyses at 5-min intervals and compared to forecast UH from individual SSEF members.
Environments of Northeast U.S. Severe Thunderstorm Events from 1999 to 2009
Authors: Hurlbut Melissa M. , Cohen Ariel E. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
An investigation of the environments and climatology of severe thunderstorms from 1999 through 2009 across the northeastern United States is presented. A total of 742 severe weather events producing over 12 000 reports were examined. Given the challenges that severe weather forecasting can present in the Northeast, this study is an effort to distinguish between the more prolific severe-weather-producing events and those that produce only isolated severe weather. The meteorological summer months (June–August) are found to coincide with the peak severe season. During this time, 850–500- and 700–500-hPa lapse rates, mixed layer convective inhibition (MLCIN), and downdraft convective available potential energy (DCAPE) are found to be statistically significant in discriminating events with a large number of reports from those producing fewer reports, based on observed soundings. Composite synoptic pattern analyses are also presented to spatially characterize the distribution of key meteorological variables associated with severe weather events of differing magnitudes. The presence of a midlevel trough and particular characteristics of its tilt, along with an accompanying zone of enhanced flow, are found in association with the higher-report severe weather events, along with cooler midlevel temperatures overlaying warmer low-level temperatures (i.e., contributing to the steeper lapse rates). During the meteorological fall and winter months (September–February), large-scale ascent is often bolstered by the presence of a coupled upper-level jet structure.
Agricultural Advisors: A Receptive Audience for Weather and Climate Information?
Authors: Prokopy Linda Stalker , Haigh Tonya , Mase Amber Saylor , Angel Jim , Hart Chad , Knutson Cody , Lemos Maria Carmen , Lo Yun-Jia , McGuire Jean , Morton Lois Wright , Perron Jennifer , Todey Dennis , Widhalm Melissa 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
As the climate in the midwestern United States becomes increasingly variable because of global climate change, it is critical to provide tools to the agricultural community to ensure adaptability and profitability of agricultural cropping systems. When used by farmers and their advisors, agricultural decision support tools can reduce uncertainty and risks in the planning, operation, and management decisions of the farm enterprise. Agricultural advisors have historically played a key role in providing information and guidance in these decisions. However, little is known about what these advisors know or think about weather and climate information and their willingness to incorporate this type of information into their advice to farmers. In this exploratory study, a diverse set of professionals who advise corn growers, including government, nonprofit, for-profit, and agricultural extension personnel, were surveyed in four states in the midwestern Corn Belt. Results from the survey indicate that advisors are more influenced by current weather conditions and 1–7-day forecasts than longer-term climate outlooks. Advisors predominantly consider historical weather trends and/or forecasts in their advice to farmers on short-term operational decisions versus longer-term tactical and strategic decisions. The main conclusion from this analysis is that opportunities exist to further engage the advisor community on weather and climate issues and, through them, the farmers who are managing the land.
Some inequalities for the Hadamard product of an M-matrix and an inverse M-matrix
Authors: Zhou Duanmei , Chen Guoliang , Wu Guoxing , Zhang Xiangyun 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Let A and B be nonsingular M-matrices. Some new lower bounds on the minimum eigenvalue

q
(
A
∘

B

−
1

)

for the Hadamard product of A and

B

−
1

are given. These bounds improve the corresponding results of Chen (Linear Algebra Appl. 378:159-166, 2004) and Huang (Linear Algebra Appl. 428:1551-1559, 2008) and generalize the corresponding result of Xiang (Linear Algebra Appl. 367:17-27, 2003).

MSC:15A06, 15A15, 15A48.
A knowledge-based decision support system in bioinformatics: an application to protein complex extraction
Authors: Fiannaca Antonino , La Rosa Massimo , Urso Alfonso , Rizzo Riccardo , Gaglio Salvatore 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
We introduce a Knowledge-based Decision Support System (KDSS) in order to face the Protein Complex Extraction issue. Using a Knowledge Base (KB) coding the expertise about the proposed scenario, our KDSS is able to suggest both strategies and tools, according to the features of input dataset. Our system provides a navigable workflow for the current experiment and furthermore it offers support in the configuration and running of every processing component of that workflow. This last feature makes our system a crossover between classical DSS and Workflow Management Systems.

Results
We briefly present the KDSS' architecture and basic concepts used in the design of the knowledge base and the reasoning component. The system is then tested using a subset of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein-Protein interaction dataset. We used this subset because it has been well studied in literature by several research groups in the field of complex extraction: in this way we could easily compare the results obtained through our KDSS with theirs. Our system suggests both a preprocessing and a clustering strategy, and for each of them it proposes and eventually runs suited algorithms. Our system's final results are then composed of a workflow of tasks, that can be reused for other experiments, and the specific numerical results for that particular trial.

Conclusions
The proposed approach, using the KDSS' knowledge base, provides a novel workflow that gives the best results with regard to the other workflows produced by the system. This workflow and its numeric results have been compared with other approaches about PPI network analysis found in literature, offering similar results.
A multi-state model to estimate incidence of heroin use
Authors: Sánchez-Niubò Albert , Aalen Odd O , Domingo-Salvany Antònia , Amundsen Ellen J , Fortiana Josep , Røysland Kjetil 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
Existing incidence estimates of heroin use are usually based on one information source. This study aims to incorporate more sources to estimate heroin use incidence trends in Spain between 1971 and 2005.

Methods
A multi-state model was constructed, whereby the initial state “heroin consumer” is followed by transition to either “admitted to first treatment” or to “left heroin use” (i.e. permanent cessation or death). Heroin use incidence and probabilities of entering first treatment ever were estimated following a back-calculation approach.

Results
The highest heroin use incidence rates in Spain, around 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitants aged 10–44, occurred between 1985 and 1990; subdividing by route of administration reveals higher incidences of injection between 1980 and 1985 (a mean of 0.62 per 1.000) and a peak for non-injectors in 1990 (0.867 per 1,000).

Conclusions
A simple conceptual model for heroin users’ trajectories related to treatment admission, provided a broader view of the historical trend of heroin use incidence in Spain.
Evaluation of a new fluorescence quantitative PCR test for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection in children
Authors: Ou Zhiying , Xiong Liya , Li Ding-You , Geng Lanlan , Li Lixia , Chen Peiyu , Yang Min , Zeng Yongmei , Zhou Zhenwen , Xia Huimin , Gong Sitang 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
Numerous diagnostic tests are available to detect Helicobactor pylori (H. pylori). There has been no single test available to detect H. pylori infection reliably. We evaluated the accuracy of a new fluorescence quantitative PCR (fqPCR) for H. pylori detection in children.

Methods
Gastric biopsy specimens from 138 children with gastritis were sent for routine histology exam, rapid urease test (RUT) and fqPCR. 13C-urea breath test (13C-UBT) was carried out prior to endoscopic procedure. Gastric fluids and dental plaques were also collected for fqPCR analysis.

Results
38 children (27.5%) were considered positive for H. pylori infection by gold standard (concordant positive results on 2 or more tests). The remaining 100 children (72.5%) were considered negative for H. pylori. Gastric mucosa fqPCR not only detected all 38 H. pylori positive patients but also detected 8 (8%) of the 100 gold standard-negative children or 11 (10.7%) of the 103 routine histology-negative samples. Therefore, gastric mucosa fqPCR identified 46 children (33.3%) with H. pylori infection, significantly higher than gold standard or routine histology (P<0.01). Both gastric fluid and dental plaque fqPCR only detected 32 (23.2%) and 30 (21.7%) children with H. pylori infection respectively and was significantly less sensitive than mucosa fqPCR (P<0.05) but was as sensitive as non-invasive UBT.

Conclusions
Gastric mucosa fqPCR was more sensitive than routine histology, RUT, 13C-UBT alone or in combination to detect H. pylori infection in children with chronic gastritis. Either gastric fluid or dental plaque PCR is as reliable as 13C-UBT for H. pylori detection.
Abdominal wall hemorrhage after intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke
Authors: An Se-A , Kim Jinkwon , Kim Sang Heum , Kim Won Chan Chan 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
Thrombolysis is strongly recommended for patients with significant neurologic deficits secondary to acute ischemic stroke. Extracranial bleeding is a rare but major complication of thrombolysis.

Case presentation
A 78-year-old woman presented with acute ischemic stroke caused by occlusion of the basilar artery. Clinical recovery was observed after successful recanalization by intravenous thrombolysis and intraarterial thrombectomy. However, the patient complained of sudden abdominal pain following the intervention and a newly developed abdominal wall mass was found. CT scan and selective angiography confirmed active bleeding from the left epigastric artery into the abdominal muscle layer and the bleeding was successfully managed by selective embolization of the bleeding artery.

Conclusions
We report a rare case of abdominal wall hemorrhage after thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke. The findings indicate that abdominal wall hemorrhage should be considered as a differential diagnosis in the presence of abdominal discomfort after thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke.
A rabbit model of right-sided Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis created with echocardiographic guidance
Authors: Wang Mei-lian , Zhang Ying , Fan Miao , Guo Ya-jun , Ren Wei-dong , Luo En-jie 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
The most widely used experimental models of infective endocarditis (IE) are the rabbit and rat models, in which cardiac valve lesions are induced by a polyethylene catheter introduced into the left ventricle through the aortic valve. Our study was designed to create a rabbit model of IE right-sided with echocardiographic guidance.

Methods
Thirty rabbits underwent both catheterization and inoculation (group A). These were divided into three subgroups of ten based on the time of catheter removal (immediately, after 24 h, and after death or moribundity for groups, A1, A2, and A3, respectively). Ten inoculated-only and ten catheterized-only rabbits served as controls. A catheter system consisted of a polyethylene catheter and a guide wire inside it. This system was passed through the rabbits’ tricuspid valves under echocardiographic guidance to damage them. The ratio of left ventricle to right ventricle (LV/RV) was measured in a four-chamber view before catheterization and at the time of death or moribundity. The peak velocity of tricuspid regurgitation (VTR) was measured in a four-chamber view at the time of catheterization and at the time of death or moribundity. Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) inoculation was performed 24 h after right heart catheterization to produce IE.

Results
IE was confirmed in 28 of 30 rabbits by macroscopic and histologic examination of tricuspid valves, blood cultures, and bacterial count in cardiac vegetations. Cardiac vegetations were confirmed in 25 of 28 IE rabbits by echocardiography. Enlargement of right ventricle dimension with a significantly decreased LV/RV ratio was confirmed in all IE rabbits at the time of death or moribundity than at the initial state (1.11 ± 0.35 vs. 1.95 ± 0.39, P < 0.01; 1.21 ± 0.34 vs. 1.98 ± 0.35, P < 0.01; 1.04 ± 0.31 vs. 2.00 ± 0.41, P < 0.01 for groups A1, A2, and A3, respectively). VTR was significantly higher in all the IE rabbits at the time of death or moribundity than at the time of catheterization (1.89 ± 0.46 vs 0.76 ± 0.45, P < 0.01; 2.04 ± 0.73 vs 0.68 ± 0.66, P < 0.01; 2.24 ± 0.51 vs 0.87 ± 0.55, P < 0.01 for group A1, A2 and A3, respectively).

Conclusion
The models described herein closely reproduced the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of right heart catheter-induced endocarditis in humans. Echocardiographic guidance is helpful in the process of right heart catheterization. Some echocardiographic parameters, such as VTR and the LV/RV ratio could be used to assess the success or failure of the IE models.
Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the mindful attention awareness scale (MAAS) in patients with fibromyalgia
Authors: Cebolla Ausias , Luciano Juan V , DeMarzo Marcelo Piva , Navarro-Gil Mayte , Campayo Javier Garcia 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
Mindful-based interventions improve functioning and quality of life in fibromyalgia (FM) patients. The aim of the study is to perform a psychometric analysis of the Spanish version of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) in a sample of patients diagnosed with FM.

Methods
The following measures were administered to 251 Spanish patients with FM: the Spanish version of MAAS, the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire, the Pain Catastrophising Scale, the Injustice Experience Questionnaire, the Psychological Inflexibility in Pain Scale, the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire and the Euroqol. Factorial structure was analysed using Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA). Cronbach's α coefficient was calculated to examine internal consistency, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to assess the test-retest reliability of the measures. Pearson’s correlation tests were run to evaluate univariate relationships between scores on the MAAS and criterion variables.

Results
The MAAS scores in our sample were low (M = 56.7; SD = 17.5). CFA confirmed a two-factor structure, with the following fit indices [sbX2 = 172.34 (p < 0.001), CFI = 0.95, GFI = 0.90, SRMR = 0.05, RMSEA = 0.06. MAAS was found to have high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.90) and adequate test-retest reliability at a 1–2 week interval (ICC = 0.90). It showed significant and expected correlations with the criterion measures with the exception of the Euroqol (Pearson = 0.15).

Conclusion
Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the MAAS in patients with FM are adequate. The dimensionality of the MAAS found in this sample and directions for future research are discussed.