bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Big Ideas in Macroeconomics
Authors: Athreya Kartik B. 
Published: May 2014

An accessible description of modern macroeconomics, and a defense of its policy relevance.
Macroeconomists have been caricatured either as credulous savants in love with the beauty of their mathematical models or as free-market fundamentalists who admit no doubt as to the market's wisdom. In this book, Kartik Athreya draws a truer picture, offering a nontechnical description of prominent ideas and models in macroeconomics, and arguing for their value as interpretive tools as well as their policy relevance. Athreya deliberately leaves out the technical machinery, providing an essential guide to the sometimes abstract ideas that drive macroeconomists' research and practical policy advice.
Athreya describes the main approach to macroeconomic model construction, the foundational Walrasian general-equilibrium framework, and its modern version, the Arrow-Debreu-McKenzie (ADM) model. In the heart of the book, Athreya shows how the Walrasian approach shapes and unifies much of modern macroeconomics. He details models central to ongoing macroeconomic analyses: the neoclassical and stochastic growth models, the standard incomplete-markets model, the overlapping-generations model, and the standard search model. Athreya's accessible primer traces the links between the views and policy advice of modern macroeconomists and their shared theoretical approach.
The Feeling Body
Authors: Colombetti Giovanna 
Published: May 2014

A proposal that extends the enactive approach developed in cognitive science and philosophy of mind to issues in affective science.
In The Feeling Body, Giovanna Colombetti takes ideas from the enactive approach developed over the last twenty years in cognitive science and philosophy of mind and applies them for the first time to affective science—the study of emotions, moods, and feelings. She argues that enactivism entails a view of cognition as not just embodied but also intrinsically affective, and she elaborates on the implications of this claim for the study of emotion in psychology and neuroscience.
In the course of her discussion, Colombetti focuses on long-debated issues in affective science, including the notion of basic emotions, the nature of appraisal and its relationship to bodily arousal, the place of bodily feelings in emotion experience, the neurophysiological study of emotion experience, and the bodily nature of our encounters with others. Drawing on enactivist tools such as dynamical systems theory, the notion of the lived body, neurophenomenology, and phenomenological accounts of empathy, Colombetti advances a novel approach to these traditional issues that does justice to their complexity. Doing so, she also expands the enactive approach into a further domain of inquiry, one that has more generally been neglected by the embodied-embedded approach in the philosophy of cognitive science.
The First Sense
Authors: Fulkerson Matthew 
Published: May 2014

An empirically informed philosophical account of human touch as a single, unified sensory modality that plays a central role in perception.
It is through touch that we are able to interact directly with the world; it is our primary conduit of both pleasure and pain. Touch may be our most immediate and powerful sense—“the first sense” because of the central role it plays in experience. In this book, Matthew Fulkerson proposes that human touch, despite its functional diversity, is a single, unified sensory modality. Fulkerson offers a philosophical account of touch, reflecting the interests, methods, and approach that define contemporary philosophy; but his argument is informed throughout by the insights and constraints of empirical work on touch. Human touch is a multidimensional object of investigation, Fulkerson writes, best served by using a variety of methods and approaches.
To defend his view of the unity of touch, Fulkerson describes and argues for a novel, unifying role for exploratory action in touch. He goes on to fill in the details of this unified, exploratory form of perception, offering philosophical accounts of tool use and distal touch, the representational structure of tangible properties, the spatial content of touch, and the role of pleasure in tactual experience.
Fulkerson's argument for the unique role played by exploratory action departs notably from traditional vision-centric philosophical approaches to perception, challenging the received view that action plays the same role in all sensory modalities. The robust philosophical account of touch he offers in The First Sense has significant implications for our general understanding of perception and perceptual experience.
Truly Human Enhancement
Authors: Agar Nicholas 
Published: May 2014

A nuanced discussion of human enhancement that argues for enhancement that does not significantly exceed what is currently possible for human beings.
The transformative potential of genetic and cybernetic technologies to enhance human capabilities is most often either rejected on moral and prudential grounds or hailed as the future salvation of humanity. In this book, Nicholas Agar offers a more nuanced view, making a case for moderate human enhancement—improvements to attributes and abilities that do not significantly exceed what is currently possible for human beings. He argues against radical human enhancement, or improvements that greatly exceed current human capabilities.
Agar explores notions of transformative change and motives for human enhancement; distinguishes between the instrumental and intrinsic value of enhancements; argues that too much enhancement undermines human identity; considers the possibility of cognitively enhanced scientists; and argues against radical life extension. Making the case for moderate enhancement, Agar argues that many objections to enhancement are better understood as directed at the degree of enhancement rather than enhancement itself. Moderate human enhancement meets the requirement of truly human enhancement. By radically enhancing human cognitive capabilities, by contrast, we may inadvertently create beings (“post-persons”) with moral status higher than that of persons. If we create beings more entitled to benefits and protections against harms than persons, Agar writes, this will be bad news for the unenhanced. Moderate human enhancement offers a more appealing vision of the future and of our relationship to technology.
Who is contingent on whom? The internet on society, or the society on internet?
Authors: Chopra Niti 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis concept paper attempts to look at the many ways in which production, distribution and utilization of media content has completely changed in today’s digitised world. It tries to explore the newly emerging ideas around Journalism and Communication practices and the concerns that now prevail in social and professional echelons about the modern day contours that all media have acquired .The discussion dwells upon how the internet and new media tools have steadily and surely changed the very fabric of societies, and the basic dynamics of present day living. It examines how anarchy of sorts in access and delivery of content and the irrepressible usage of technology enabled platforms juxtapose with the telecom and other regulatory mechanisms and attempts that are being put in place to control the surge in media proliferation. The Paper may help to explore the relevance of newer means/models of regulation and control in a truly fast changing and emerging media space. The stupendous rate at which newer media and internet applications are getting thrown up for use abets to the fact that it is as much about w hat people do with the internet as what the internet does to people.
Transaction Processing and Distribution with COPAR and Opnet
Authors: Hosein Michael A. , Seegobin Rhea L. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis paper outlines the results that were collected from the implementation of the COPAR Service [5][6] in an Opnet Modeler simulation environment. The system carries out two (2) types of transaction processing techniques; Optimistic (Temporary) and Pessimistic (Permanent) Processing. The Opnet simulation environment was used to expand the projects capacity by increasing the number of servers and transactions that could be processed by the system. Results show the processing times for simulations that ran with nodes ranging from 20 to 100 nodes and transactions ranging from 200 to 1000.Results also showed statistics for the distribution of transactions amongst servers with different classifications. Classifications of server ranged from 1 to 6, 1 being the lowest and 6 being the highest. The number of transactions used for testing transaction distribution ranged from 1000 up to 4000, with each simulation run using 100 server nodes. These results can act as a guide to help implement systems that can provide optimal processing times in a real world environment.
A Framework for Developing Social Networks Enabling Systems to Enhance the Transparency and Visibility of Cross-border Food Supply Chains
Authors: Xu Frank J. , Zhao Victor P. , Shan Lu , Huang Chuxiong 
Published: May 2014

AbstractDemands on safe, high-quality and healthy food are unprecedentedly increasing in both emerging economies and advanced countries. Food safety incidents and scandals, frequently breaking out around the world, are significantly reducing the confidence of consumers in food safety and quality. It is even more difficult to achieve the full transparency, visibility and traceability of dynamic cross-border and global food supply chains, which is critical to ensure food safety and quality, due to: the personalization and globalization of consumer demands; the diversities of food products, raw materials and ingredients; the loose relationships between food business partners; the technology and resource barriers in aligning business processes, coordinating and sharing information; and the changing government supervision mechanisms and standards. Social networking technologies and social software are promising enablers to facilitate end consumers, food companies and government agencies to participate in open discussion, comments and feedback on the quality and safety of cross-border foods. They are able to connect, interact, communicate and collaborate with each other in loose, open, effective and flexible ways for enhancing the transparency and visibility of cross-border and global food supply chains through collective wisdom and intelligence. In this paper a framework is proposed for developing social networks enabling food traceability systems, which not only leverages enterprise applications, public service platforms for food quality, safety and traceability operated by government or industrial associations, but utilizes such emerging technologies as Internet-of-Things, social analytic and mobile technologies to ease interactive communication and collaboration between various stakeholders of food chains. Guidelines, architectures, use scenarios, and technology alternatives for implementing the traceability systems are also discussed in this work. A prototype, titledOSCM-FD, is being implemented and pilots are being conducted to verify the validity of the proposed framework.
Fault reactivation due to theM7.6 Nicoya earthquake at the Turrialba‐Irazú volcanic complex, Costa Rica: Effects of dynamic stress triggering
Authors: Lupi M. , Fuchs Florian , Pacheco Javier F. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractTheM7.6 Nicoya earthquake struck at the interface between the Cocos plate and the Caribbean plate on 5 September 2012 inducing a ground acceleration of 0.5 m s−2at the Irazú‐Turrialba volcanic complex. We use data from six seismic stations deployed around and atop the Irazú‐Turrialba volcanic complex to show the increase of local seismic activity after theM7.6 Nicoya earthquake. The response consists in more than 300 locatable earthquakes occurring in swarm sequences along a fault system that intersects the Irazú‐Turrialba volcanic complex. In addition, we point out that major aftershocks are followed by increases of seismic activity in the same region. The weak static stress variation imposed by the main slip of the Nicoya earthquake at the Irazú‐Turrialba volcanic complex suggests a dynamic triggering mechanism. We expand this concept suggesting that this behavior may be similar to the one observed in the Chilean and Japanese volcanic arcs during theM8.8 2010 Maule, Chile, andM9.0 2011 Tohoku, Japan, earthquakes. Finally, we highlight that the combined action of dynamic stress and short‐lived coseismic relaxation may trigger seismic activity in geological systems in near‐critical conditions.
Fatal falls in the U.S. residential construction industry
Authors: Dong Xiuwen Sue , Wang Xuanwen , Largay Julie A. , Platner James W. , Stafford Erich , Cain Chris Trahan , Choi Sang D. 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundFalls from heights remain the most common cause of workplace fatalities among residential construction workers in the United States.MethodsThis paper examines patterns and trends of fall fatalities in U.S. residential construction between 2003 and 2010 by analyzing two large national datasets.ResultsAlmost half of the fatalities in residential construction were from falls. In the residential roofing industry, 80% of fatalities were from falls. In addition, about one‐third of fatal falls in residential construction were among self‐employed workers. Workers who were older than 55 years, were Hispanic foreign‐born, or employed in small establishments (1–10 employees) also had higher proportions of fatal falls in residential construction compared to those in nonresidential construction.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that fall safety within the residential construction industry lags behind commercial construction and industrial settings. Fall prevention in residential construction should be enhanced to better protect construction workers in this sector. Am. J. Ind. Med. 57:992–1000, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Friendship Work on Facebook: Young Adults' Understandings and Practices of Friendship
Authors: Niland Patricia , Lyons Antonia C. , Goodwin Ian , Hutton Fiona 
Published: May 2014

AbstractYoung adults use social networking sites (SNSs) such as Facebook to engage as friends, yet there has been little systematic research that has investigated their sense‐making of friendship in relation to their uses of Facebook, as well as how Facebook as a socio‐technical system interacts with their friendship practices. Twelve friendship discussion groups were conducted in urban and non‐urban New Zealand, with 26 women and 25 men aged 18–25 years, in same and mixed‐gender groups. Our social constructionist thematic analysis showed the young adults made sense of friendship through themes of ‘fun times together’, an ‘investment’, ‘protection’ and ‘self‐authenticity’, and these meanings were enacted in particular ways within Facebook. This SNS was used primarily for enjoying friendship and ‘investing in’ friendships, and friendship protection was required to maintain friends' online privacy. Facebook provided a way to demonstrate self‐authenticity within friendship relationships through censored ‘show off’ self‐displays and favoured friendship activities. Facebook supported, disrupted and modified these particular friendship understandings by broadening the audience for friendship actions and intensifying friends' responses through 24/7 accessibility and instantaneous activity notifications. These interactions between friendship understandings and Facebook as a socio‐technical system demonstrate how friendship was reinforced, negotiated and re‐worked through this online context. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The personal financial burden of complications after colorectal cancer surgery
Authors: Regenbogen Scott E. , Veenstra Christine M. , Hawley Sarah T. , Banerjee Mousumi , Ward Kevin C. , Kato Ikuko , Morris Arden M. 
Published: May 2014

BACKGROUNDPatients with colorectal cancer (CRC) may suffer significant economic hardship during treatment. Complications are common after surgery for CRC and may exacerbate the financial burden of CRC even further.METHODSWithin a population‐based survey of patients with stage III CRC, the authors investigated the effects of disease and treatment on personal finances and computed a composite measure of financial burden. Correlations were examined between components of financial burden and patient‐reported postoperative complications using chi‐square analyses, and Mantel‐Haenszel chi‐square tend tests were used to evaluate correlations between composite financial burden scores and surgical complications, controlling for patient characteristics and other factors by using multivariable Poisson regression.RESULTSAmong 937 respondents, 224 (24%) reported complications after surgery. Those with complications had significantly higher composite financial burden (P < .001 for trend): they were more likely to spend savings (40% vs 31%; P = .01), borrow or take loans (18% vs 11%; P = .007), fail to make credit card payments (18% vs 11%; P = .005), reduce spending for food or clothes (38% vs 27%; P = .001), and decrease recreational activities (41% vs 33%; P = .03). They took significantly longer to return to work (P = .009) and were more likely to experience significant worry about finances (61% vs 52%; P = .01).CONCLUSIONSComplications after surgery for CRC result in significant personal financial consequences as well as morbidity. Financial stress impairs quality of life and may prevent adherence to recommended treatments. Therefore, patients who suffer complications may require not just additional clinical care but also economic support and services. Cancer 2014;120:3074–3081. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
The Children's Oncology Group Childhood Cancer Research Network (CCRN): Case catchment in the United States
Authors: Musselman Jessica R. B. , Spector Logan G. , Krailo Mark D. , Reaman Gregory H. , Linabery Amy M. , Poynter Jenny N. , Stork Susan K. , Adamson Peter C. , Ross Julie A. 
Published: May 2014

BACKGROUNDThe Childhood Cancer Research Network (CCRN) was established within the Children's Oncology Group (COG) in July 2008 to provide a centralized pediatric cancer research registry for investigators conducting approved etiologic and survivorship studies. The authors conducted an ecological analysis to characterize CCRN catchment at >200 COG institutions by demographic characteristics, diagnosis, and geographic location to determine whether the CCRN can serve as a population‐based registry for childhood cancer.METHODSDuring 2009 to 2011, 18,580 US children newly diagnosed with cancer were registered in the CCRN. These observed cases were compared with age‐specific, sex‐specific, and race/ethnicity‐specific expected numbers calculated from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program cancer incidence rates and 2010 US Census data.RESULTSOverall, 42% of children (18,580 observed/44,267 expected) who were diagnosed with cancer at age <20 years were registered in the CCRN, including 45%, 57%, 51%, 44%, and 24% of those diagnosed at birth, ages 1 to 4 years, ages 5 to 9 years, ages 10 to 14 years, and ages 15 to 19 years, respectively. Some malignancies were better represented in the CCRN (leukemia, 59%; renal tumors, 67%) than others (retinoblastoma, 34%). There was little evidence of differences by sex or race/ethnicity, although rates in nonwhites were somewhat lower than rates in whites.CONCLUSIONSGiven the low observed‐to‐expected ratio, it will be important to identify challenges and barriers to registration to improve case ascertainment, especially for rarer diagnoses and older age groups; however, it is encouraging that some diagnoses in younger children are fairly representative of the population. Overall, the CCRN is providing centralized, real‐time access to cases for research and could be used as a model for other national cooperative groups. Cancer 2014;120:3007–3015. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Enhanced fuzzy logic‐based spray and wait routing protocol for delay tolerant networks
Authors: Jain Sweta , Chawla Meenu , Soares Vasco N. G. J. , Rodrigues Joel J. 
Published: May 2014

SummaryDelay tolerant networks are a class of ad hoc networks that enable data delivery even in the absence of end‐to‐end connectivity between nodes, which is the basic assumption for routing in ad hoc networks. Nodes in these networks work on store‐carry and forward paradigm. In addition, such networks make use of message replication as a strategy to increase the possibility of messages reaching their destination. As contact opportunities are usually of short duration, it is important to prioritize scheduling of messages. Message replication may also lead to buffer congestion. Hence, buffer management is an important issue that greatly affects the performance of routing protocols in delay tolerant networks. In this paper, Spray and Wait routing protocol, which is a popular controlled replication‐based protocol for delay tolerant networks, has been enhanced using a new fuzzy‐based buffer management strategy Enhanced Fuzzy Spray and Wait Routing, with the aim to achieve increased delivery ratio and reduced overhead ratio. It aggregates three important message properties namely number of replicas of a message, its size, and remaining time‐to‐live, using fuzzy logic to determine the message priority, which denotes its importance with respect to other messages stored in a node's buffer. It then intelligently selects messages to schedule when a contact opportunity occurs. Because determination of number of replicas of a message in the network is a difficult task, a new method for estimation of the same has been proposed. Simulation results show improved performance of enhanced fuzzy spray and wait routing in terms of delivery ratio and resource consumption. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An hybrid evolutionary multiobjective algorithm for multiuser margin maximization in DSL
Authors: Gomes Ana , Monteiro Marcio , Dortschy Boris , Klautau Aldebaro 
Published: May 2014

SummaryThis work describes and proposes the application of evolutionary algorithms on the multiuser spectrum and SNR margin optimization problem for multicarrier systems, such as digital subscriber line. The proposed method is designed such that it takes advantage of special characteristics of the well‐known power adaptation techniques and uses them to solve the broader and more challenging problem of multiuser margin adaptation. Simulations show that the proposed method provides Pareto‐optimal and diverse solutions when compared to a previous method to solve the same problem. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effects of bromocriptine treatment during early pregnancy on postpartum maternal behaviors in rats
Authors: Price Anya K. , Bridges Robert S. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTProlactin, a hormone of the anterior pituitary, is involved in initiating maternal behavior, alleviating postpartum anxiety, and stimulating lactogenesis. Bromocriptine, a dopamine D2 receptor agonist, inhibits prolactin secretion. Bromocriptine administration represses postpartum maternal behaviors (pup retrieval) in mice, and causes elevated anxiety in the elevated plus maze [Larsen & Grattan (2010). Endocrinology 151(8): 3805–3814]. Whether similar effects exist in other species is unknown. The present study examined the possible involvement of prolactin during early gestation on maternal behavior and anxiety in rats. Bromocriptine given on days 2–4 of pregnancy resulted in impaired postpartum maternal behaviors in a novel environment during early lactation. However, compared to controls, bromocriptine‐treated subjects did not exhibit increased postpartum anxiety in the elevated plus maze. These findings support work in mice that bromocriptine treatment during early gestation impedes postpartum maternal care, and indicate that early gestational hormonal status affects postpartum behavior more broadly in other mammals. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 1431–1437, 2014.