bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construire des connaissances sur les pratiques d’enseignement : travail d’objectivation et vigilance épistémologique
Authors: Lefeuvre Gwénaël 
Published: September 2015

En nous appuyant sur la réflexion de Pierre Bourdieu sur l’objectivation de la position objectivante, nous interrogerons dans cet article les impensés et les présupposés qui étaient les nôtres dans la réalisation d’une recherche menée sur les pratiques d’enseignement. Après avoir rappelé le positionnement de Bourdieu sur l’analyse réflexive des pratiques de connaissances, nous exposerons le protocole d’une recherche réalisée durant une année auprès d’une enseignante en cours préparatoire dans le but d’analyser ses pratiques d’enseignement. Nous interrogerons les présupposés du choix du cadre théorique – en l’occurrence la « conceptualisation dans l’action » développée par Vergnaud - puis ceux relatifs au choix d’un dispositif méthodologique particulier : l’entretien en situation d’autoconfrontation. Cet essai d’auto-analyse a pour objectif de participer à l’ouverture des discussions autour des conditions sociologiques actuelles de l’étude scientifique des pratiques d’enseignement en sciences de l’éducation.
Posture d’accompagnement au changement-innovation avec des équipes d’école volontaires : l’implication réfléchissante
Authors: Janner-Raimond Martine , Tavignot Patricia 
Published: September 2015

Après avoir précisé les enjeux de la notion d'accompagnement, nous avons cherché à définir les caractéristiques de la posture d'implication, adoptée par des chercheurs lors de l'accompagnement au changement souhaité par des équipes d'écoles volontaires. Nous avons qualifié cette posture d'implication réfléchissante. Le protocole méthodologique présente le dispositif de travail coopératif mis en œuvre. Organisé en trois phases : phase d'engagement, phase d'implication et phase d'inscription au changement-innovation, ce dispositif permet un accompagnement qui s'ajuste aux déroulements spécifiques à chaque réunion de travail avec les équipes. Trois fonctions caractérisent cette posture in fine : accompagner pour inciter à mener une réflexion de l'équipe lors de l'ouverture d'une réunion, accompagner sous forme de relances lors des déroulements et en clôture de séance, accompagner pour se mettre d'accord en équipe sur l'objet commun de changement. Or, adopter une telle posture exige une vigilance qui se traduit concrètement par un effort de réflexivité pour entendre, s’assurer d’avoir compris, mais aussi chercher, le moment venu, à développer explicitement les enjeux des propositions faites par les acteurs de façon à objectiver les choix envisagés.
Un tournant dans les albums de littérature de jeunesse : de l’enfant acteur à l’enfant auteur
Authors: Hétier Renaud 
Published: September 2015

Des œuvres innovantes de la littérature de jeunesse proposent aux jeunes enfants de devenir auteur, et ceci sous deux formes majeures : 1) Dans l’appréhension de l’œuvre, l’enfant peut voir ce qui n’est pas toujours dit, entendre ce qui n’est pas montré, en savoir plus que les personnages, que, semble-t-il, l’adulte qui lui lit le livre. 2) Par le jeu de l’identification, l’enfant peut être invité à suivre un personnage qui transfigure sa réalité plus qu’il ne la transforme (en créant plus qu’en combattant), voire à suivre l’auteur lui-même. L’invitation à être auteur (au delà de la création d’une œuvre), peut être analysée comme invitation à être l’auteur de sa propre vie en commençant par apprendre à en transformer les modalités d’expression. L’étude d’un corpus d’une dizaine d’albums récents, visera le repérage de différentes modalités par lesquelles cette position de l’enfant « auteur » est rendue opérante.
Usage des technologies de l’information et de la communication et humanisation pour des élèves en soins-études
Authors: Colinet Séverine 
Published: September 2015

Cet article vise à comprendre comment les TIC(E) contribuent à l’« humanisation » de l’école à l'hôpital. Cette recherche est fondée sur deux Centres Médicaux Pédagogiques Adaptés et un Établissement Régional d’Enseignement Adapté. Afin de croiser les regards, 60 entretiens semi-directifs ont été menés auprès de professionnels (enseignants, référents TICE et directeurs d’institutions) ainsi qu’auprès d’élèves. Nous avons procédé à des observations et avons demandé aux élèves de faire usage de leur ordinateur devant nous. Cette recherche met en évidence le rôle que les TIC(E) jouent dans la restauration du statut d’élève chez l’enfant hospitalisé. Les résultats de l’enquête conduisent à examiner comment l’introduction des TIC(E) participe d’une certaine humanisation de l’hôpital. Leur analyse montre en quoi celle-ci change le statut et la condition des usagers et comment elle se manifeste concrètement. L’enquête montre qu’il existe des limites à l’usage des TIC(E) et à leurs effets sur l’humanisation, les résultats dégagés sont discutés en fin d’article.
A Note on Fine Graphs and Homological Isoperimetric Inequalities
Authors: Martínez-Pedroza Eduardo 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
In the framework of homological characterizations of relative hyperbolicity, Groves and Manning posed the question of whether a simply connected 2-complex X with a linear homological isoperimetric inequality, a bound on the length of attachingmaps of 2-cells, and finitely many 2-cells adjacent to any edge must have a fine 1-skeleton. We provide a positive answer to this question. We revisit a homological characterization of relative hyperbolicity and show that a group G is hyperbolic relative to a collection of subgroups P if and only if G acts cocompactly with ûnite edge stabilizers on a connected 2-dimensional cell complex with a linear homological isoperimetric inequality and P is a collection of representatives of conjugacy classes of vertex stabilizers.
Postural and dynamic analysis of the human body: The relevance of the functional modulator factors in the methodological design
Authors: Puig-Diví Albert , Prats-Puig Anna 
Published: September 2015

<p>Functional studies analyze the interaction between the human body and its environment studying both, the posture and the movement. It is well known that at the Universities where health science and sports studies are taught there is a need to raise academic activities involving functional studies.</p><p>The main objective is to make awareness of the factors that can modulate a certain function in the human body and must be well known for university students to perform a good research projects and career. To do this, we present a detailed list of intrinsic and extrinsic functional modulator factors (FMF) of the human body and propose a new methodology to teach those skills. During both, the project data collection and data reduction, FMF such as sitting and standing postures or walking, running and jumping movements must be taken into account. The recognition of the FMF that may influence the results must be previously known and identified to succeed in the methodological design of functional studies of the human body.</p>The novelty of our work is not to direct the attention to the lecturer but to focus it to the student’s academic support to accomplish the active work like the fieldwork presented in this paper. In conclusion, the understanding of the FMF by university students using fieldwork activities during their degree would help them to develop a critical attitude in terms of validity and scientific evidence.<p> </p><p> </p>
Can We Use an Ex Vivo Continuous Hemofiltration Model to Describe the Adsorption and Elimination of Meropenem and Piperacillin?
Authors: Jamal Janattul-Ain , Udy Andrew A. , Wallis Steven C. , Ranganathan Dwarakanathan , McWhinney Brett C. , lingerer Jacobus P.J. , Lipman Jeffrey , Roberts Jason A. 
Published: September 2015

Objectives To determine the adsorption and elimination characteristics of meropenem and piperacillin during simulated continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), and to compare the observed data from this ex vivo study with previous data from clinical studies. Method This was an experimental study utilizing a modified CRRT circuit and polysulfone membrane (1.2 m2), circulated with a blood-crystalloid mixture. Adsorption onto the CRRT circuit was tested over a 4-h period, and clearance was assessed separately using variable continuous hemofiltration settings. Results A rapid 9% reduction in circulating meropenem and piperacillin concentrations was observed at approximately 0.5 and 1.0 h for each antibiotic, respectively. The post-dilution setting was associated with a significantly higher sieving coefficient (Sc) and filter clearance (CLfilter) (mean ± SD) (Sc 1.14 ± 0.10 versus 1.06 ± 0.04; CLfilter 19.05 ± 1.63 versus 17.59 ± 0.62 ml/min, P values <0.05) for meropenem. No significant differences were observed for piperacillin pharmacokinetics. Clinically comparable Sc data were observed between data obtained from the ex vivo study and data from previous clinical studies, for both antibiotics. Conclusions Meropenem and piperacillin appear to be rapidly adsorbed into the CRRT circuit, and the delivery site of fluid replacement significantly influences meropenem pharmacokinetics. However, these findings are likely to be clinically insignificant and not affect dosing requirements. This ex vivo method could be a surrogate for future clinical pharmacokinetic studies of CRRT. Further research is required to explore the applicability of the ex vivo method to further characterize antibiotic pharmacokinetics during CRRT.
Debridement, Antibiotics, Irrigation, and Retention (DAIR) of the Prosthesis after Hip Hemiarthroplasty Infections. Does it Work?
Authors: Kazimoglu Cemal , Yalcin Nadir , Onvural Burak , Akcay Serkan , Agus Haluk 
Published: September 2015

Purpose Debridement, antibiotic, and implant retention (DAIR) is an attractive treatment modality after hip hemiarthroplasty (HA) infections. Data about the success of the procedure after acute onset infections is lacking. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical outcome and associated risk factors. Methods A multicenter, retrospective cohort study was designed, including 39 patients with acute onset prosthetic infection who had undergone debridement and irrigation with prosthesis retention. The primary outcome measure was infection eradication without prosthesis removal. We also analyzed how the success rate was influenced by the length of the interval between implantation of the prosthesis and the beginning of the treatment. Results The overall success rate was 41%. Sedimentation rate over 60 mm/h and the longer duration (2 weeks) after prosthesis implantation were found as factors negatively influencing the success rate. Conclusions Our results indicated limited success to DAIR- treated patients with infected HA. The high failure rate of DAIR treatment after 2 weeks from the implantation should be taken into consideration.
Determination of Nine Fungicides in Grape and Wine Using QuEChERS Extraction and LC/MS/MS Analysis
Authors: Martínez Gracia , Morales Ascensión , Maestro Alba , Cermeño Sandra , Oliva José , Barba Alberto 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
An analytic procedure was developed for the determination of the fungicides ametoctradin, boscalid, cyazofamid, dimethomorph, fenhexamid, kresoxim–methyl, mepanipyrim, metrafenone, and pyraclostrobin in grape and wine. A modified QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) procedure was used for the extraction. Analysis of the extract was performed by LC/triple quadrupole-MS/MS. A Poroshell 120 EC-C18 column was used with a programmed gradient mobile phase consisting of (A) acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid and (B) water containing 0.1% formic acid and 2 mM ammonium formate. The acceptance criteria for the method were those proposed in the SANCO guide. The method was linear for the range of concentration studied (5–100 μg/L), and R2 values were higher than 0.998 and RSD values below 18%. Recovery was over 73.2% in grape and 76.7% in wines, and there was no case of more than 100% recovery. The recovery RSDs in reproducibility conditions were below 17.13% in grape and 15.6% in wines.
(Re)labeling
Authors: Cecchetto Carlo , Donati Caterina 
Published: September 2015

A new theory of labeling that sheds light on such syntactic phenomena as relativization, successive cyclicity, island phenomena, and Minimality effects.
When two categories merge and a new syntactic object is formed, what determines which of the two merged categories transmits its properties one level up—or, in current terminology, which of the two initial categories labels the new object? In (Re)labeling, Carlo Cecchetto and Caterina Donati take this question as the starting point of an investigation that sheds light on longstanding puzzles in the theory of syntax in the generative tradition. They put forward a simple idea: that words are special because they can provide a label for free when they merge with some other category. Crucially, this happens even when a word merges with another category as a result of syntactic movement. This means that a word has a “relabeling” power in that the structure resulting from its movement can have a different label from the one that the structure previously had. Cecchetto and Donati argue that relabeling cases triggered by the movement of a word are pervasive in the syntax of natural languages and that their identification sheds light on such phenomena as relativization, explaining for free why relatives clauses have a nominal distribution, successive cyclicity, island effects, root phenomena, and Minimality effects.
Consensus and Global Environmental Governance
Authors: Baber Walter F. , Bartlett Robert V. 
Published: September 2015

An examination of the potential and limitations of deliberative consensus as a way to achieve effective international environmental governance.
In this book, Walter Baber and Robert Bartlett explore the practical and conceptual implications of a new approach to international environmental governance. Their proposed approach, juristic democracy, emphasizes the role of the citizen rather than the nation-state as the source of legitimacy in international environmental law; it is rooted in local knowledge and grounded in democratic deliberation and consensus. The aim is to construct a global jurisprudence based on collective will formation. Building on concepts presented in their previous book, the award-winning Global Democracy and Sustainable Jurisprudence, Baber and Bartlett examine in detail the challenges that consensus poses for a system of juristic democracy.
Baber and Bartlett analyze the implications of deliberative consensus for rule-bounded behavior, for the accomplishment of basic governance tasks, and for diversity in a politically divided and culturally plural world. They assess social science findings about the potential of small-group citizen panels to contribute to rationalized consensus, drawing on the extensive research conducted on the use of juries in courts of law. Finally, they analyze the place of juristic democracy in a future “consensually federal” system for earth system governance.
The Censor's Hand
Authors: Schneider Carl E. 
Published: September 2015

An argument that the system of boards that license human-subject research is so fundamentally misconceived that it inevitably does more harm than good.
Medical and social progress depend on research with human subjects. When that research is done in institutions getting federal money, it is regulated (often minutely) by federally required and supervised bureaucracies called “institutional review boards” (IRBs). Do—can—these IRBs do more harm than good? In The Censor's Hand, Schneider addresses this crucial but long-unasked question.
Schneider answers the question by consulting a critical but ignored experience—the law's learning about regulation—and by amassing empirical evidence that is scattered around many literatures. He concludes that IRBs were fundamentally misconceived. Their usefulness to human subjects is doubtful, but they clearly delay, distort, and deter research that can save people's lives, soothe their suffering, and enhance their welfare. IRBs demonstrably make decisions poorly. They cannot be expected to make decisions well, for they lack the expertise, ethical principles, legal rules, effective procedures, and accountability essential to good regulation. And IRBs are censors in the place censorship is most damaging—universities.
In sum, Schneider argues that IRBs are bad regulation that inescapably do more harm than good. They were an irreparable mistake that should be abandoned so that research can be conducted properly and regulated sensibly.
Chapter 13. Phonology: Stress and Vowel Reduction
Authors: Nesset Tore 
Published: September 2015

<p><span style="font-family: Cambria;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Where do the complex stress patterns in Modern Russian come from? And why is Москва ‘Moscow’ pronounced with an unstressed [a] in the first syllable? In this chapter, you learn about the history of two related phenomena that cause problems for learners of Russian: stress patterns and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: medium;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: medium;">Click on the links below to learn more!</span></p><p><a href="/index.php/SapEdu/article/downloadSuppFile/3503/153"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: medium;">13.2 Akanje</span></a></p>
The New York Nonprofit Revitalization Act of 2013: Enhancing the Governance and Accountability of the Not-for-Profit Organization around the World
Authors: Seyam Achraf A. , Cooper Barry N. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractNew York Non-Profit revitalization Act of 2013 has brought sweeping and critical changes that were lagging for New York’s vital non-profit sector as there has not been any changes in four long decades. The bill was simply seeking to correspond to the prior stagnation and to bring about new rules and regulations that would enhance governance controls and accountability, regain public trust that had been heavily undermined due to the multiple fraud scandals that have occurred in the past. The most significant changes were made in reporting requirements that reduced the regulatory burdens and raised the thresholds for financial reporting and eliminated barriers to incorporation; the Act also reduced procedural hurdles for non-profit transactions and modernized the board procedures and voting requirements.The Revitalization Act of 2013 significantly improved many requirements related to the governance and accountability of the non-profit organizations. In particular the audit functions of the audit committee, as well as internal control conflict of interest and whistleblower policies.
A statistical gap‐filling method to interpolate global monthly surface ocean carbon dioxide data
Authors: Jones Steve D. , Le Quéré Corinne , Rödenbeck Christian , Manning Andrew C. , Olsen Are 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe have developed a statistical gap‐filling method adapted to the specific coverage and properties of observed fugacity of surface ocean CO2 (fCO2). We have used this method to interpolate the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) v2 database on a 2.5°×2.5° global grid (south of 70°N) for 1985–2011 at monthly resolution. The method combines a spatial interpolation based on a “radius of influence” to determine nearby similar fCO2 values with temporal harmonic and cubic spline curve‐fitting, and also fits long‐term trends and seasonal cycles. Interannual variability is established using deviations of observations from the fitted trends and seasonal cycles. An uncertainty is computed for all interpolated values based on the spatial and temporal range of the interpolation. Tests of the method using model data show that it performs as well as or better than previous regional interpolation methods, but in addition it provides a near‐global and interannual coverage.
A forecasting model of the magnetosphere driven by an optimal solar wind coupling function
Authors: Tsyganenko N. A. , Andreeva V. A. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA new empirical magnetospheric magnetic field model is described, driven by interplanetary parameters including a coupling function by Newell et al. (2007), termed henceforth as “N index.” The model uses data from Polar, Geotail, Cluster, and Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms satellites, obtained in 1995–2013 at distances 3–60 RE. The model magnetopause is based on Lin et al. (2010) boundary driven by the solar wind pressure, IMF Bz, and the geodipole tilt. The model field includes contributions from the symmetric ring current (SRC), partial ring current (PRC) with associated Region 2 field‐aligned currents (R2 FAC), tail, Region 1 (R1) FAC, and a penetrated IMF. Increase in the N index results in progressively larger magnitudes of all the field sources, the most dramatic and virtually linear growth being found for the PRC and R1 FAC. The solar wind dynamic pressure Pdyn affects the model magnetotail current in proportion to the factor
, where the exponent ζ on the order of 0.4–0.6 steadily decreases with increasing N index. The PRC peaks near midnight at N ∼ 0 but turns duskward with growing N. At ionospheric altitudes, both R1 and R2 FAC expand equatorward with growing N and Pdyn, and the R2 zone rotates westward. Larger values of N result in a more efficient penetration of the IMF into the magnetosphere and larger magnetic flux connection across the magnetopause. Growing dipole tilt is accompanied by a persistent and significant decrease of the total current in all magnetospheric field sources.
Thiazole Orange as a Fluorescent Light‐Up Probe for the i‐Motif and its Application to the Development of a Molecular Logic System
Authors: Xu Lijun , Shen Xiaoqiang , Hong Shanni , Wang Jine , Zhou Lu , Chen Xing , Pei Renjun 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThiazole orange (TO) as a fluorescent probe for H+‐induced i‐motif formation is reported. TO fluoresces in the presence of the folded structures of i‐motif DNA sequences and H+ and/or Ag+ ions, which allows the design of an “OR” logic gate.
Highly Dispersed SiOx/Al2O3 Catalysts Illuminate the Reactivity of Isolated Silanol Sites
Authors: Mouat Aidan R. , George Cassandra , Kobayashi Takeshi , Pruski Marek , van Duyne Richard P. , Marks Tobin J. , Stair Peter C. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe reaction of γ‐alumina with tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) vapor at low temperatures selectively yields monomeric SiOx species on the alumina surface. These isolated (‐AlO)3Si(OH) sites are characterized by PXRD, XPS, DRIFTS of adsorbed NH3, CO, and pyridine, and 29Si and 27Al DNP‐enhanced solid‐state NMR spectroscopy. The formation of isolated sites suggests that TEOS reacts preferentially at strong Lewis acid sites on the γ‐Al2O3 surface, functionalizing the surface with “mild” Brønsted acid sites. For liquid‐phase catalytic cyclohexanol dehydration, these SiOx sites exhibit up to 3.5‐fold higher specific activity than the parent alumina with identical selectivity.
A Colorimetric and Fluorimetric Chemodosimeter for Copper Ion Based on the Conversion of Dihydropyrazine to Pyrazine
Authors: Li Junbo , Chen Shao , Zhang Pian , Wang Zilong , Long Guankui , Ganguly Rakish , Li Yongxin , Zhang Qichun 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn this research, we successfully synthesized and fully characterized the new compound 5,8,13,16,21,24‐hex‐(triisopropylsilyl)ethynyl)‐6,23‐dihydro‐6,7,14,15,22,23‐hexaza‐trianthrylene (HHATA, brown color in a mixed solvent of CH2Cl2/CH3CN 1:1, v/v, weakly blue fluorescent), which can be easily oxidized to 5,8,13,16,21,24‐hex‐(triisopropylsilyl)ethynyl)‐6,7,14,15,22,23‐hexazatrianthrylene (HATA) (yellow color in CH2Cl2/CH3CN 1:1, v/v), red fluorescent) by Cu2+ ions. This reaction only proceeds efficiently in the presence of Cu2+ ions when compared with other common metal ions such as Fe3+, Co2+, Mn2+, Hg2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Ag+, Mg2+, Ca2+, K+, Na+, and Li+. Our result suggests that this reaction can be developed as an effective method for the detection of Cu2+ ions.