bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FRAIL‐HF, a Study to Evaluate the Clinical Complexity of Heart Failure in Nondependent Older Patients: Rationale, Methods and Baseline Characteristics
Authors: Vidán María T. , Sánchez Elísabet , Fernández‐Avilés Francisco , Serra‐Rexach José A. , Ortiz Javier , Bueno Héctor 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTThe clinical scenario of heart failure (HF) in older hospitalized patients is complex and influenced by acute and chronic comorbidities, coexistent geriatric syndromes, the patient's ability for self‐care after discharge, and degree of social support. The impact of all these factors on clinical outcomes or disability evolution is not sufficiently known. FRAIL‐HF is a prospective observational cohort study designed to evaluate clinical outcomes (mortality and readmission), functional evolution, quality of life, and use of social resources at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after admission in nondependent elderly patients hospitalized for HF. Clinical features, medical treatment, self‐care ability, and health literacy were prospectively evaluated and a comprehensive geriatric assessment with special focus on frailty was systematically performed in hospital to assess interactions and relationships with postdischarge outcomes. Between May 2009 and May 2011, 450 consecutive patients with a mean age of 80 ± 6 years were enrolled. Comorbidity was high (mean Charlson index, 3.4 ± 2.9). Despite being nondependent, 118 (26%) had minor disability for basic activities of daily living, only 76 (16.2%) had no difficulty in walking 400 meters, and 340 (75.5%) were living alone or with another elderly person. In addition, 316 patients (70.2%) fulfilled frailty criteria. Even nondependent older patients hospitalized for HF show a high prevalence of clinical and nonclinical factors that may influence prognosis and are usually not considered in routine clinical practice. The results of FRAIL‐HF will provide important information about the relationship between these factors and different postdischarge clinical, functional, and quality‐of‐life outcomes.
Image‐based cell‐resolved screening assays in flow
Authors: Cheung Man Ching , McKenna Brian , Wang Steve S. , Wolf Dane , Ehrlich Daniel J. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA parallel microfluidic cytometer (PMC) is based on a one‐dimensional (1D) scanning detector, a parallel array of flow channels, and new multiparameter analysis algorithms that operate on low‐pixel‐count 1D images. In this article, we explore a series of image‐based live‐ and fixed‐cell screening assays, including two NF‐kB nuclear translocations and T‐cell capping. We then develop a new multiparametric linear weighted classifier that achieves a Z′ factor sufficient for scaled pharmaceutical discovery with Jurkat cells in suspension. We conclude that the PMC should have the throughput and statistical power to permit a new capability for image‐based high‐sample‐number pharmaceutical screening with suspension samples. © 2014 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Synthesis of Chiral Functionalised Cyclobutylpyrrolidines and Cyclobutylamino Alcohols from (–)‐(S)‐Verbenone – Applications in the Stabilisation of Ruthenium Nanocatalysts
Authors: Aguilera Jordi , Favier Isabelle , Sans Marta , Mor Àlex , Álvarez‐Larena Ángel , Illa Ona , Gómez Montserrat , Ortuño Rosa M. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractStereoselective and efficient synthetic routes to pyrrolidines and amino alcohols anchored to chiral polysubstituted cyclobutane moieties have been developed from (–)‐(S)‐verbenone. These original frameworks, in particular the diamines and amino alcohols, are appropriate stabilisers of metallic nanoparticles, especially for the synthesis of ruthenium nanomaterials, which found catalytic applications in the hydrogenation of arenes and nitrobenzene derivatives to afford selectively the corresponding cyclohexane or aniline derivatives.
Differences and Similarities Between Bulimia Nervosa, Compulsive Buying and Gambling Disorder
Authors: Jiménez‐Murcia Susana , Granero Roser , Moragas Laura , Steiger Howard , Israel Mimi , Aymamí Neus , Gómez‐Peña Mónica , Sauchelli Sarah , Agüera Zaida , Sánchez Isabel , Riesco Nadine , Penelo Eva , Menchón José M. , Fernández‐Aranda Fernando 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAimThe objective of the study was to analyse shared commonalities and differences between bulimia nervosa (BN) and certain impulse‐related disorders, namely compulsive buying (CB) and gambling disorder (GD), with respect to general psychopathology and personality traits.MethodsA total of 188 female patients [50 BN without comorbid CB (BN−CB), 49 BN with comorbid CB (BN+CB), 53 GD and 36 CB] and 50 comparison non‐psychiatric women participated in the current study. All patients were diagnosed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth revised edition, the Temperament and Character Inventory—Revised, and other clinical indices.ResultsA positive‐growing trend was observed in psychopathology and personality traits across the four clinical groups. Comorbid BN with CB was associated with highest eating psychopathology and social anxiety. On Novelty Seeking, the CB, GD and BN+CB were similar to each other, whereas BN−CB presented a distinct profile. Moreover, the BN+CB group displayed more dysfunctional personality traits and higher general psychopathology. The clinical groups demonstrated overall higher levels of psychopathology compared with the control group.ConclusionsThe results of this study demonstrate that disorders with impulsive traits (CB, GD, BN+CB and BN−CB) follow a linear trend in general psychopathology and specific personality traits, but differ along specific personality and psychopathological dimensions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
The Case for Natural Gas Fueled Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Power Systems for Distributed Generation
Authors: Chick L. , Weimar M. , Whyatt G. , Powell M. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractNatural‐gas‐fueled solid oxide fuel cell (NGSOFC) power systems yield electrical conversion efficiencies exceeding 55% and may become a viable alternative for distributed generation (DG) if stack life and manufacturing economies of scale can be realized. Currently, stacks last approximately 2 years and few systems are produced each year because of the relatively high cost of electricity from the systems. PNNL has performed cost modeling for production of 270 kW (DC) NGSOFC power systems, sized for light industry or large box stores. If mass manufacturing (10.000 units per year) and a stack life of 15 years can be reached, the cost of electricity from an NGSOFC system is estimated to be about 8,2 ¢/kWh, well within the range of commercial and residential retail prices at the national level (9,9–10 ¢/kWh and 11–12 ¢/kWh, respectively). With 5 ¢/kWh in estimated additional benefits from DG, NGSOFC could be well positioned to replace the forecasted 59–77 gigawatts of capacity loss resulting from coal plant closures due to stricter emissions regulations and low natural gas prices.
Intrinsic excitability changes induced by acute treatment of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons with exogenous amyloid β peptide
Authors: Tamagnini Francesco , Scullion Sarah , Brown Jon T. , Randall Andrew D. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTAccumulation of beta‐amyloid (Aβ) peptides in the human brain is a canonical pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent work in Aβ‐overexpressing transgenic mice indicates that increased brain Aβ levels can be associated with aberrant epileptiform activity. In line with this, such mice can also exhibit altered intrinsic excitability (IE) of cortical and hippocampal neurons: these observations may relate to the increased prevalence of seizures in AD patients. In this study, we examined what changes in IE are produced in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells after 2–5 h treatment with an oligomeric preparation of synthetic human Aβ 1–42 peptide. Whole cell current clamp recordings were compared between Aβ‐(500 nM) and vehicle‐(DMSO 0.05%) treated hippocampal slices obtained from mice. The soluble Aβ treatment did not produce alterations in sub‐threshold intrinsic properties, including membrane potential, input resistance, and hyperpolarization activated “sag”. Similarly, no changes were noted in the firing profile evoked by 500 ms square current supra‐threshold stimuli. However, Aβ 500 nM treatment resulted in the hyperpolarization of the action potential (AP) threshold. In addition, treatment with Aβ at 500 nM depressed the after‐hyperpolarization that followed both a single AP or 50 Hz trains of a number of APs between 5 and 25. These data suggest that acute exposure to soluble Aβ oligomers affects IE properties of CA1 pyramidal neurons differently from outcomes seen in transgenic models of amyloidopathy. However, in both chronic and acute models, the IE changes are toward hyperexcitability, reinforcing the idea that amyloidopathy and increased incidence in seizures might be causally related in AD patients. © 2014 The Authors Hippocampus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rating curve estimation under epistemic uncertainty
Authors: McMillan H. K. , Westerberg I. K. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractRiver discharge values, estimated using a rating curve, are subject to both random and epistemic errors. We present a new likelihood function, the ‘Voting Point’ likelihood that accounts for both error types and enables generation of multiple possible multisegment power‐law rating curve samples that aim to represent the total uncertainty. The rating curve samples can be used for subsequent discharge analysis that needs total uncertainty estimation, e.g. regionalisation studies or calculation of hydrological signatures.We demonstrate the method using four catchments with diverse rating curve error characteristics, where epistemic uncertainty sources include weed growth, scour and redeposition of the bed gravels in a braided river, and unconfined high flows. The results show that typically, the posterior rating curve distributions include all of the gauging points and succeed in representing the spread of discharge values caused by epistemic rating errors. We aim to provide a useful method for hydrology practitioners to assess rating curve, and hence discharge, uncertainty that is easily applicable to a wide range of catchments and does not require prior specification of the particular types and causes of epistemic error at the gauged location. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electricity generation and struvite recovery from human urine using microbial fuel cells
Authors: You Jiseon , Greenman John , Melhuish Chris , Ieropoulos Ioannis 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDUrine is an abundant waste product which requires energy intensive treatment processes in modern wastewater treatment plants. However urine can be utilised as fertiliser in the form of struvite. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a promising technology for treating waste while producing electricity. Combining these two approaches, a 3‐stage MFC/struvite extraction process system was developed and its feasibility tested in order to maximise urine utilisation in terms of electricity generation and struvite recovery.RESULTSIn the first stage, while generating electrical energy, MFCs accelerated urea hydrolysis, which was beneficial for the struvite precipitation process in the following stage. After collecting struvite by adding magnesium into the initial effluent, the supernatant was used at the final stage for additional power and more efficient COD reduction. In total, 82% of PO43−‐P and 20% of COD of undiluted human urine were removed by the 3‐stage system. Also 14.32 W m−3 (absolute power: 358 µW) and 11.76 W m−3 (absolute power: 294 µW) of power was produced from the 1st and 3rd stages of the system, respectively, during operation.CONCLUSIONThis work shows how MFCs and struvite precipitation could be integrated for both energy generation and resource recovery from urine, leading to a more sustainable energy future. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
The effect of nifedipine tocolysis on Doppler indices of the uterine and umbilical Arteries
Authors: Ulubaşoğlu Hasan , Özmen Bayar Ülkü , Kaya Cihan , Ungan Burcu 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTPurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral nifedipine on Doppler indices of the uterine artery (UtA) and umbilical artery (UA) before and 24 hours, 48 hours, and 1 week after tocolytic treatment.MethodsThis was a prospective, self‐controlled, cohort study of 65 pregnant women undergoing nifedipine tocolysis. Doppler assessment of the UtA and UA was performed before treatment and 24 hours, 48 hours, and 1 week after the initial 4 doses of 10 mg of oral nifedipine, administered at 20‐minute intervals. The maintenance dosage was 20 mg of oral nifedipine administered every 6 hours for 48 hours, for a total dose of 80 mg/day.ResultsThere was a decrease in the 24‐hour values of the UA pulsatility index, resistance index (RI), systolic‐diastolic (S:D) ratio, right UtA pulsatility index, RI, S:D ratio, and left UtA RI and S:D ratio with nifedipine therapy in comparison with the values recorded prior to nifedipine therapy. However, these differences were not statistically significant. There were no statistically significant differences between the data recorded prior to nifedipine administration and those obtained at 48 hours and 1 week after treatment.ConclusionsOral nifedipine is a safe tocolytic agent with no long‐term effect on fetomaternal circulation in pregnant women at risk of preterm delivery. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 43:322–326, 2015
Temporal signatures of resistivity in bending of indium tin oxide‐coated flexible transparent conductive films for flexible electronics: Influence of coating thickness and bending radius
Authors: Zhao Wei , Cakmak Miko 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe study is focused on the fundamental understanding of behaviors of polymer films coated with indium tin oxide (ITO) of varying thicknesses and thus various conductivities/transparencies in repeated bending by tracking the electrical resistivity real‐time using a specially designed multi‐purpose flexing system. The results show that temporal increases of resistance provide important clues as to the initiation and progress of failure. In tension, the resistance typically remains flat unless a critical minimum radius of curvature is breached that leads to progressive cracking of ITO coating bringing rapid rise of resistance. This critical minimum radius of curvature increases with the increase of ITO coating thickness making the higher conductivity films more susceptible to damage. In compression mode, similar temporal signature can be found when bent to a curvature below a critical minimum radius. When cracks form in both modes, the resistance signature changes to one of oscillation and the high and low values observed at each cycle progressively increase with more cycles leading ultimately to catastrophic failure.
Comparative study of source–drain contact metals for amorphous InGaZnO thin‐film transistors
Authors: Nag Manoj , Bhoolokam Ajay , Steudel Soeren , Chasin Adrian , Groeseneken Guido , Heremans Paul 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn this work, we compared the thin‐film transistor (TFT) characteristics of amorphous InGaZnO TFTs with six different source–drain (S/D) metals (MoCr, TiW, Ni, Mo, Al, and Ti/Au) fabricated in bottom‐gate bottom‐contact (BGBC) and bottom‐gate top‐contact (BGTC) configurations. In the BGTC configuration, nearly every metal can be injected nicely into the a‐IGZO leading to nice TFT characteristics; however, in the BGBC configuration, only Ti/Au is injected nicely and shows comparable TFT characteristics. We attribute this to the metal‐containing deposits in the channel and the contact oxidation during a‐IGZO layer sputtering in the presence of S/D metal. In bias‐stress stability, TFTs with Ti/Au S/D metal showed good results in both configurations; however, in the BGTC configuration, not all the TFTs showed as good bias results as Ti/Au S/D metal TFTs. We attribute this to backchannel interface change, which happened because of the metal‐containing deposits at the backchannel during the final the SiO2 passivation.
The validity of military screening for mental health problems: diagnostic accuracy of the PCL, K10 and AUDIT scales in an entire military population
Authors: Searle Amelia K. , Van Hooff Miranda , McFarlane Alexander C. , Davies Christopher E. , Fairweather‐Schmidt A. Kate , Hodson Stephanie E. , Benassi Helen , Steele Nicole 
Published: December 2014

AbstractDepression, alcohol use disorders and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are serious issues among military personnel due to their impact on operational capability and individual well‐being. Several military forces screen for these disorders using scales including the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL). However, it is unknown whether established cutoffs apply to military populations. This study is the first to test the diagnostic accuracy of these three scales in a population‐based military cohort.A large sample of currently‐serving Australian Defence Force (ADF) Navy, Army and Air Force personnel (n = 24,481) completed the K10, AUDIT and PCL‐C (civilian version). Then, a stratified sub‐sample (n = 1798) completed a structured diagnostic interview detecting 30‐day disorder. Data were weighted to represent the ADF population (n = 50,049).Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses suggested all three scales had acceptable sensitivity and specificity, with areas under the curve from 0.75 to 0.93. AUDIT and K10 screening cutoffs closely paralleled established cutoffs, whereas the PCL‐C screening cutoff resembled that recommended for US military personnel.These self‐report scales represent a cost‐effective and clinically‐useful means of screening personnel for disorder. Military populations may need lower cutoffs than civilians to screen for PTSD. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multi‐echo Length and Offset VARied Saturation (MeLOVARS) method for improved CEST imaging
Authors: Song Xiaolei , Xu Jiadi , Xia Shuli , Yadav Nirbhay N. , Lal Bachchu , Laterra John , Bulte Jeff W.M. , van Zijl Peter C.M. , McMahon Michael T. 
Published: December 2014

PurposeThe aim of this study was to develop a technique for rapid collection of chemical exchange saturation transfer images with the saturation varied to modulate signal loss transfer and enhance contrast.MethodsMulti‐echo Length and Offset VARied Saturation (MeLOVARS) divides the saturation pulse of length Tsat into N = 3–8 submodules, each consisting of a saturation pulse with length of Tsat/N (∼0.3–1 s), one or more low flip‐angle gradient‐echo readout(s) and a flip back pulse. This results in N readouts with increasing saturation time from Tsat/N to Tsat without extra scan time.ResultsFor phantoms, eight images with Tsat incremented every 0.5 s from 0.5–4 s were collected simultaneously using MeLOVARS, which allows rapid determination of exchange rates for agent protons. For live mice bearing glioblastomas, the Z‐spectra for five different Tsat values from 0.5 to 2.5 s were acquired in a time normally used for one Tsat. With the additional Tsat‐dependence information, LOVARS phase maps were produced with a more clearly defined tumor boundary and an estimated 4.3‐fold enhanced contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR). We also show that enhancing CNR is achievable by simply averaging the collected images or transforming them using the principal component analysis.ConclusionsMeLOVARS enables collection of multiple saturation‐time‐weighted images without extra time, producing a LOVARS phase map with increased CNR. Magn Reson Med 73:488–496, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Non‐targeted Metabolomic Profile of Fagus Sylvatica L. Leaves using Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry and Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Cadahía Estrella , Fernández de Simón Brígida , Aranda Ismael , Sanz Miriam , Sánchez‐Gómez David , Pinto Ernani 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIntroductionFagus sylvatica L. is one of the most widely distributed broad‐leaved tree species in central and western Europe, important to the forest sector and an accurate biomarker of climate change.ObjectiveTo profile the beech leaf metabolome for future studies in order to investigate deeper into the characterisation of its metabolic response.MethodsLeaf extracts were analysed using LC–MS by electrospray ionisation in negative mode from m/z 100–1700 and GC–MS by electron ionisation in scan mode from m/z 35–800.ResultsThe LC–MS profile resulted in 56 compounds, of which 43 were identified and/or structurally characterised, including hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, flavan‐3‐ols and proanthocyanidins, and flavonols. From a second analysis based on GC–MS, a total of 111 compounds were identified, including carbohydrates, polyalcohols, amino acids, organic acids, fatty acids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, sterols and other related compounds. Many of the compounds identified were primary metabolites involved in major plant metabolic pathways, however, some secondary metabolites were also detected. Some of them play roles as tolerance‐response osmoregulators and osmoprotectors in abiotic stress, or as anti‐oxidants that reduce the effect of reactive oxygen species and promote many protective functions in plants.ConclusionsThis study provides a broad and relevant insight into the metabolic status of F. sylvatica leaves, and serves as a base for future studies on physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in biotic or abiotic stress. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Learning curve analysis of concentrated photovoltaic systems
Authors: Haysom Joan E. , Jafarieh Omid , Anis Hanan , Hinzer Karin , Wright David 
Published: December 2014

AbstractPrice declines and volume growth of concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) systems are analysed using the learning curve methodology and compared with other forms of solar electricity generation. Logarithmic regression analysis determines a learning rate of 18% for CPV systems with 90% confidence of that rate being between 14 and 22%, which is higher than the learning rates of other solar generation systems (11% for CSP and 12 to 14% for PV). Current CPV system prices are competitive with PV and CSP, which, when combined with the higher learning rate, indicates that CPV is likely to further improve its marketability. A target price of 1 $/W in 2020 could be achieved with a compound growth rate of 67% for the total deployed volume between 2014 and 2020, which would realize a cumulative deployed volume of 7900 MW. Other projections of deployment volumes from commercial sources are converted using the learning rate into future price scenarios, resulting in predicted prices in the range of 1.1 to 1.3 $/W in 2020. © 2014 The Authors. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.