bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concise Synthesis of 4‐Arylquinolines via Intramolecular Cyclization of Allylamines and Ketones
Authors: Wei Wen‐Tao , Cheng Ya‐Juan , Hu Yu , Chen Yan‐Yan , Zhang Xue‐Jing , Zou Yong , Yan Ming 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe intramolecular cyclization of allylamines and ketones was achieved in the presence of potassium tert‐butoxide and N,N‐dimethylformamide. A series of 4‐arylquinolines was prepared in good yields. The reaction could be accomplished at room temperature using only a substoichiometric amount of potassium tert‐butoxide. On the other hand, the reaction of the structurally analogous allyl ethers afforded diverse products. The reaction may proceed via the rearrangement of α‐aminoallyl radicals and the generation of nucleophilic enamine intermediates. This finding represents a new strategy for the synthesis of quinoline derivatives from readily available 2‐(allylamino)phenyl ketones.magnified image
Study on Preparation of BaSO4‐Containing Polytetrafluoroethylene Granular Powder
Authors: Yan Luke , Chao Min , Xiao Jian , Gao Lining , Wieβner Sven 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to prepare BaSO4‐containing polytetrafluoroethylene granular powder by a two‐phase emulsion dispersion method. The granulating process was conducted with stirring in an aqueous medium containing a specific surfactant without a uniform granulator or apparatus. And also we studied the role of surfactant, granulating time in the particle size, and particle size distribution. The properties of granular powder were studied through various methods such as flowability test, bulk density test, average particle size, and particle size distribution test. The shape of particles in the granular powder was studied by a hot stage polarizing optical microscope. The obtained granular powder showed large bulk density, small average particle size, narrow particle size distribution, and superior powder flowability.
Der Ursprung des Lebens: Blausäure
Authors: Sutherland John D. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractOrganische Synthesen aus einer in der Umwelt verfügbaren C1‐Quelle, ob nun zur Aufrechterhaltung von Autotrophie oder als Auftakt von Heterotrophie, sind ein zentraler Aspekt in der Frage nach dem Ursprung des Lebens. Neuere Befunde ergänzen Schlüsselergebnisse aus der Literatur und legen nahe, dass Blausäure (HCN) dieses Ausgangsmolekül war.
Bright, “Clickable” Porphyrins for the Visualization of Oxygenation under Ambient Light
Authors: Roussakis Emmanuel , Li Zongxi , Nowell Nicholas H. , Nichols Alexander J. , Evans Conor L. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA new group of “clickable” and brightly emissive metalloporphyrins has been developed for the visualization of oxygenation under ambient light with the naked eye. These alkynyl‐terminated compounds permit the rapid and facile synthesis of oxygen‐sensing dendrimers through azide–alkyne click chemistry. With absorption maxima overlapping with the wavelengths of common commercial laser sources, they are readily applicable to biomedical imaging of tissue oxygenation. An efficient synthetic methodology, featuring the stable trimethylacetyl (pivaloyl) protecting group, is described for their preparation. A paint‐on liquid bandage containing a new, click‐synthesized porphyrin dendrimer has been used to map oxygenation across an ex vivo porcine skin burn model.
Variations in temperature‐related extreme events (1975–2014) in Ny‐Ålesund, Svalbard
Authors: Wei Ting , Ding Minghu , Wu Bingyi , Lu Changgui , Wang Shujie 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe present a comprehensive analysis of temperature‐related extreme events in Ny‐Ålesund (78.9°N, 11.9°E) using data from three meteorological stations. The results show that annual mean temperatures in Ny‐Ålesund increase at a rate that is four times faster than the global mean from 1975 to 2014 with no ‘hiatus’ in recent decades. The annual diurnal temperature range shows a negative trend as minimum daily temperature increases at a faster rate than maximum daily temperature. A negative trend in cold extremes and a positive trend in warm extremes are observed. This asymmetry hints at potential changes in the probability distribution of temperatures in Ny‐Ålesund.
Outcomes for patients with papillary thyroid cancer who do not undergo prophylactic central neck dissection
Authors: Nixon I J , Wang L Y , Ganly I , Patel S G , Morris L G , Migliacci J C , Tuttle R M , Shah J P , Shaha A R 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Background
The role of prophylactic central neck dissection (CND) in the management of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is controversial. This report describes outcomes of an observational approach in patients without clinical evidence of nodal disease in PTC.

Methods
All patients who had surgery between 1986 and 2010 without CND for PTC were identified. All patients had careful clinical assessment of the central neck during preoperative and perioperative evaluation, with any suspicious nodal tissue excised for analysis. The cohort included patients in whom lymph nodes had been removed, but no patient had undergone a formal neck dissection. Recurrence-free survival (RFS), central neck RFS and disease-specific survival (DSS) were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results
Of 1798 patients, 397 (22·1 per cent) were men, 1088 (60·5 per cent) were aged 45 years or more, and 539 (30·0 per cent) had pT3 or pT4 disease. Some 742 patients (41·3 per cent) received adjuvant treatment with radioactive iodine. At a median follow-up of 46 months the 5-year DSS rate was 100 per cent. Five-year RFS and central neck RFS rates were 96·6 and 99·1 per cent respectively.

Conclusion
Observation of the central neck is safe and should be recommended for all patients with PTC considered before and during surgery to be free of central neck metastasis.
Randomized trial to examine procedure-to-procedure transfer in laparoscopic simulator training
Authors: Bjerrum F , Sorensen J L , Konge L , Rosthøj S , Lindschou J , Ottesen B , Strandbygaard J 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Background
Laparoscopic simulation has become a standard component of surgical training, but there is limited knowledge regarding skills transfer between procedural tasks. The objective was to investigate the specificity of procedural simulator training.

Methods
This was randomized single-centre educational superiority trial. Surgical novices practised basic skills on a laparoscopic virtual reality simulator. On reaching proficiency, participants were randomized to proficiency-based training. The intervention group practised two procedures on the simulator (appendicectomy followed by salpingectomy), whereas the control group trained on only one procedure (salpingectomy). The main outcomes were number of repetitions and time to proficiency for the second procedure.

Results
Ninety-six participants were randomized, of whom 74 per cent were women, with a median age of 26 years. The intervention group needed significantly fewer attempts than the control group to reach proficiency in the second procedure: median (i.q.r.) 22 (17–34) versus 32 (26–41) attempts, which corresponded to 24·1 per cent fewer attempts as assessed by multivariable analysis (P = 0·004). The intervention group required significantly less time than the control group to reach proficiency: median (i.q.r.) 88 (63–127) versus 131 (101–153) min respectively, corresponding to a difference of 31·1 min as assessed by multivariable analysis (P = 0·001).

Conclusion
Practising two procedures, compared with only one, reduced the number of attempts and time to reach proficiency in the second procedure. Skills transfer is seen between two tasks in laparoscopic simulator training; however, task specificity is still present when practising procedures. Registration number: NCT02069951 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Apixaban used for the management of heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia in a 72‐year‐old woman with lung cancer
Authors: Larsen Pia Bükmann , Jørgensen Maja , Friis‐Hansen Lennart , Ingeberg Steen 
Published: October 2015

Key Clinical MessageHeparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a serious adverse reaction to heparin treatment with a high risk of thrombosis. Heparin must be discontinued immediately and replaced with alternative anticoagulants that do not interact with HIT antibodies. In this case, a lung cancer patient, diagnosed with HIT was successfully treated with apixaban.
Anti‐Coking Ni/SiO2 Catalyst for Dry Reforming of Methane: Role of Oleylamine/Oleic Acid Organic Pair
Authors: Gao Xingyuan , Liu Hejun , Hidajat Kus , Kawi Sibudjing 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe demonstrate the synthesis of silica‐supported Ni catalyst in the presence of oleylamine (OAm) and oleic acid (OAc) as the ligand and surfactant. Compared with OAm or OAc alone, Ni/SiO2 prepared with OAm/OAc organic pair showed a much smaller Ni particle, a much stronger metal–support interaction (MSI), an enhanced initial conversion of both CO2 and CH4 and a prolonged stability over 16 h with zero carbon deposition. How the OAm/OAc organic pair affects the catalyst formation mechanism is proposed: OAc intimately interacts with silica by hydrogen bond formed between the carboxylic group and silanol group; OAm forms a complex with Ni and promotes the adsorption of Ni on silica through the basic property of amine ligand; amide formation between the carboxylic group of OAc and the amine group of OAm makes use of both additives; in addition, a stronger steric hindrance is given by the more complex aliphatic chain network of the pair, retarding the growth of Ni particles.
Closed Bipolar Electrochemistry for the Low‐Potential Asymmetrical Functionalization of Micro‐ and Nanowires
Authors: Ongaro Michael , Gambirasi Arianna , Ugo Paolo 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe demonstrate the application of closed bipolar electrochemistry for the asymmetrical deposition of metals and metal oxides on bipolar electrodes of decreasing dimensions, down to the nanoscale. We focus on the asymmetrical deposition of semiconducting oxides (TiO2, Cu2O, or Co2O3) and Pt on glassy carbon disks, carbon microwires, and gold nanowires. The optimization of the process is studied by using a four‐electrode voltammetric cell. Scanning electron microscopies and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy confirm the achievement of the desired deposition. Electron backscatter diffraction identifies cuprite in all of the Cu2O deposits. Closed bipolar electrochemistry allows the bipolar functionalization of carbon materials and gold nanowires by using electrolytes that are unsuitable for open bipolar electrochemistry, applying a potential difference as low as 1 V. For the first time, Janus like nanosized objects are obtained by closed bipolar electrochemistry.
Lanthanoid/Alkali Metal β‐Triketonate Assemblies: A Robust Platform for Efficient NIR Emitters
Authors: Reid Brodie L. , Stagni Stefano , Malicka Joanna M. , Cocchi Massimo , Sobolev Alexandre N. , Skelton Brian W. , Moore Evan G. , Hanan Garry S. , Ogden Mark I. , Massi Massimiliano 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe reaction of hydrated lanthanoid chlorides with tribenzoylmethane and an alkali metal hydroxide consistently resulted in the crystallization of neutral tetranuclear assemblies with the general formula [Ln(Ae⋅HOEt)(L)4]2 (Ln=Eu3+, Er3+, Yb3+; Ae=Na+, K+, Rb+). Analysis of the crystal structures of these species revealed a coordination geometry that varied from a slightly distorted square antiprism to a slightly distorted triangular dodecahedron, with the specific geometrical shape being dependent on the degree of lattice solvation and identity of the alkali metal. The near‐infrared (NIR)‐emitting assemblies of Yb3+ and Er3+ showed remarkably efficient emission, characterized by significantly longer excited‐state lifetimes (τobs≈37–47 μs for Yb3+ and τobs≈4–6 μs for Er3+) when compared with the broader family of lanthanoid β‐diketonate species, even in the case of perfluorination of the ligands. The Eu3+ assemblies show bright red emission and a luminescence performance (τobs≈0.5 ms, ${{\Phi}{{{\rm L}\hfill \atop {\rm Ln}\hfill}}}$≈35–37 %, ηsens≈68–70 %) more akin to the β‐diketonate species. The results highlight that the β‐triketonate ligand offers a tunable and facile system for the preparation of efficient NIR emitters without the need for more complicated perfluorination or deuteration synthetic strategies.
Synthesis of Chiral Tertiary Alcohols by CuI‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Addition of Organomagnesium Reagents to Ketones
Authors: Rong Jiawei , Pellegrini Tilde , Harutyunyan Syuzanna R. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCatalytic enantioselective addition of organometallic nucleophiles to ketones is among the most straightforward approaches to the synthesis of chiral tertiary alcohols. The first such catalytic methodologies using the highly reactive organomagnesium reagents, which are the preferred organometallic reagents in terms of cost, availability, atom efficiency, and structural diversity, were developed only during the last five years. This Concept article highlights the fundamental breakthrough that made the development of methodologies for highly enantioselective CuI‐catalyzed alkylation of ketones using organomagnesium reagents possible.
Connecting Tyrosine and Tryptophan Units of Diazonamide A and Azonazine by a Diastereodivergent Arylative Dearomatization
Authors: Denizot Natacha , Guillot Régis , Kouklovsky Cyrille , Vincent Guillaume 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe report the Friedel–Crafts coupling of a tyrosine unit with tryptophan‐derived pyrrolindolenium ions which are configurationally stable. The reaction allowed the stereoselective and divergent access to the required quaternary stereocenters found in diazonamide A and azonazine at the junction of the tyrosine and tryptophan units.
Group trajectory analysis helps to identify older cancer survivors who benefit from distance‐based lifestyle interventions
Authors: Morey Miriam C. , Blair Cindy K. , Sloane Richard , Cohen Harvey Jay , Snyder Denise C. , Demark‐Wahnefried Wendy 
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUNDThe number of older cancer survivors is increasing as more adults survive to older ages. The objectives of this study were to examine trajectories of physical activity (PA) and physical function (PF) over a 2‐year lifestyle counseling study and to identify characteristics of the trajectory groups.METHODSThis was a secondary analysis of Reach Out to Enhance Wellness, a randomized controlled trial of home‐based lifestyle counseling. The 641 participants were older (≥65 years), overweight (body mass index [BMI], 25 to <40 kg/m2), long‐term community‐dwelling survivors (>5 years) of breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer from Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States (21 states) who had been randomly assigned to an immediate intervention or a 12‐month‐wait‐listed control arm. The main outcome measures were PA and PF trajectory group membership.RESULTSThree PA groups and 5 PF trajectory groups were observed. The baseline BMI (P < .001) and self‐efficacy for performing strength (P < .0001) and endurance exercises (P < .0002) were the strongest predictors of achieving the highest amount of PA and the most favorable functional trajectory over 2 years. Individuals with low baseline self‐efficacy, no PA, and a Short Form 36 PF subscale score < 65 did not benefit from the intervention.CONCLUSIONSThis study identified characteristics of survivors who benefited from home‐based interventions and suggested alternative approaches for survivors requiring more structured and intensive interventions to promote behavioral changes. Cancer 2015;121:4433–40. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Clinicopathologic features of breast cancers that develop in women with previous benign breast disease
Authors: Visscher Daniel W. , Frost Marlene H. , Hartmann Lynn C. , Frank Ryan D. , Vierkant Robert A. , McCullough Ann E. , Winham Stacey J. , Vachon Celine M. , Ghosh Karthik , Brandt Kathleen R. , Farrell Ann M. , Tarabishy Yaman , Hieken Tina J. , Haddad Tufia C. , Kraft Ruth A. , Radisky Derek C. , Degnim Amy C. 
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUNDWomen with benign breast disease (BBD) have an increased risk of developing breast cancer (BC). Nearly 30% of all BCs develop in women with prior BBD. Information regarding features of the expected number of BCs after BBD would enhance individualized surveillance and prevention strategies for these women. In the current study, the authors sought to characterize BCs developing in a large cohort of women with BBD.METHODSThe current study cohort included 13,485 women who underwent breast biopsy for mammographic or palpable concerns between 1967 and 2001. Biopsy slides were reviewed and classified as nonproliferative disease, proliferative disease without atypia, or atypical hyperplasia. BCs were identified by follow‐up questionnaires, medical records, and Tumor Registry data. BC tissues were obtained and reviewed.RESULTSWith median follow‐up of 15.8 years, 1273 women developed BC. The majority of BCs were invasive (81%), of which 61% were ductal, 13% were mixed ductal/lobular, and 14% were lobular. Approximately two‐thirds of the BC cases were intermediate or high grade, and 29% were lymph node positive. Cancer characteristics were similar across the 3 histologic categories of BBD, with a similar frequency of ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive disease, tumor size, time to invasive BC, histologic type of BC, lymph node positivity, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positivity. Women with atypical hyperplasia were found to have a higher frequency of estrogen receptor‐positive BC (91%) compared with women with proliferative disease without atypia (80%) or nonproliferative disease (85%) (P = .02).CONCLUSIONSA substantial percentage of all BCs develop in women with prior BBD. The majority of BCs after BBD are invasive tumors of ductal type, with a substantial number demonstrating lymph node positivity. Of all the BCs in the current study, 84% were estrogen receptor positive. Prevention therapy should be strongly encouraged in higher‐risk women with BBD. Cancer 2016;122:378–385. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Efficient Excited‐State Symmetry Breaking in a Cationic Quadrupolar System Bearing Diphenylamino Donors
Authors: Carlotti Benedetta , Benassi Enrico , Fortuna Cosimo G. , Barone Vincenzo , Spalletti Anna , Elisei Fausto 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe report a joint experimental and theoretical investigation of a quadrupolar D–π–A+–π–D system, the electron donors being diphenylamino groups and the electron acceptor being a methylpyridinium, in comparison with the dipolar D–π–A+ system. The emission spectra of the two compounds overlap in all the investigated solvents. This finding could be rationalized by TD‐DFT calculations: the LUMO–HOMO molecular orbitals involved in the emission transition are localized on the same branch of the quadrupolar structure that becomes the fluorescent portion, corresponding to that of the single‐arm compound. Excited‐state symmetry breaking has been rarely observed for quadrupolar systems showing negative solvatochromism and is here surprisingly revealed, even in low polarity solvents. Femtosecond transient absorption measurements revealed that an efficient photoinduced intramolecular charge transfer takes place in the quadrupolar chromophore, more efficient than in its dipolar analogue. This result is promising in view of the application of these compounds as novel two‐photon absorbing materials.
A Water‐Soluble Copper(II) Complex for the Selective Fluorescence Detection of Nitric Oxide/Nitroxyl and Imaging in Living Cells
Authors: Sun Xiaolong , Kim Gyoungmi , Xu Yufang , Yoon Juyoung , James Tony D. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA novel water‐soluble copper(II) naphthalimide complex fluorescent probe was devised and displayed significant fluorescence turn‐on response for nitric oxide and nitroxyl over other biologically relevant reactive oxygen species under physiological conditions. The dual‐analyte recognition of this simple and sensitive probe was successfully applied for the imaging of exogenous and endogenous NO and HNO in living cells.
Electrocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide with a Well‐Defined PN3−Ru Pincer Complex
Authors: Min Shixiong , Rasul Shahid , Li Huaifeng , Grills David C. , Takanabe Kazuhiro , Li Lain‐Jong , Huang Kuo‐Wei 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA well‐defined PN3−Ru pincer complex (5) bearing a redox‐active bipyridine ligand with an aminophosphine arm has been established as an effective and stable molecular electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction to CO and HCOOH with negligible formation of H2 in a H2O/MeCN mixture.
Formate: an Energy Storage and Transport Bridge between Carbon Dioxide and a Formate Fuel Cell in a Single Device
Authors: Vo Tracy , Purohit Krutarth , Nguyen Christopher , Biggs Brenna , Mayoral Salvador , Haan John L. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe demonstrate the first device to our knowledge that uses a solar panel to power the electrochemical reduction of dissolved carbon dioxide (carbonate) into formate that is then used in the same device to operate a direct formate fuel cell (DFFC). The electrochemical reduction of carbonate is carried out on a Sn electrode in a reservoir that maintains a constant carbon balance between carbonate and formate. The electron‐rich formate species is converted by the DFFC into electrical energy through electron release. The product of DFFC operation is the electron‐deficient carbonate species that diffuses back to the reservoir bulk. It is possible to continuously charge the device using alternative energy (e.g., solar) to convert carbonate to formate for on‐demand use in the DFFC; the intermittent nature of alternative energy makes this an attractive design. In this work, we demonstrate a proof‐of‐concept device that performs reduction of carbonate, storage of formate, and operation of a DFFC.
The Aliskiren Trial to Minimize OutcomeS in Patients with HEart failure trial (ATMOSPHERE): revised statistical analysis plan and baseline characteristics
Authors: Krum Henry , McMurray John J.V. , Abraham William T. , Dickstein Kenneth , Køber Lars , Desai Akshay S. , Solomon Scott D. , Chiang Yanntong , Gimpelewicz Claudio , Reimund Bernard , Ali M. Atif , Tarnesby Georgia , Massie Barry M. ,   on behalf of the ATMOSPHERE Committees and Investigators
Published: October 2015

Aims and methodsTo: (i) describe the baseline characteristics of patients in ATMOSPHERE and the changes in the planned analysis of ATMOSPHERE resulting from the mandated discontinuation of study treatment in patients with diabetes; (ii) compare the baseline characteristics of patients in ATMOSPHERE with those in the Prospective comparison of Angiotensin Receptor neprilysin inhibitors with Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and morbidity in Heart Failure trial (PARADIGM‐HF); and (iii) compare the characteristics of patients with and without diabetes at baseline in ATMOSPHERE.ResultsA total of 7063 patients were randomized into ATMOSPHERE April 2009–April 2014 at 755 sites in 43 countries. Their average age was 63 years and 78% were men. ATMOSPHERE patients were generally similar to those in PARADIGM‐HF although fewer had diabetes, renal dysfunction, and were treated with a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist. In ATMOSPHERE, patients with diabetes differed in numerous ways from those without. Patients with diabetes were older and had worse heart failure status but a similar left ventricular ejection fraction (mean 28%); they had a higher body mass index and more co‐morbidity, especially hypertension and coronary heart disease. Mean estimated glomerular filtration rate was slightly lower in those with diabetes compared with those without.ConclusionATMOSPHERE will determine whether patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction (particularly those without diabetes) benefit from the addition of a direct renin inhibitor to standard background therapy, including an angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor, beta‐blocker, and a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist. ATMOSPHERE will also determine whether aliskiren alone is superior to, or at least non‐inferior to, enalapril.