bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of secondhand smoke exposure with mental health in men and women: Cross-sectional and prospective analyses using the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey
Authors: Lam E. , Kvaavik E. , Hamer M. , Batty G.D. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractObjectives:We examine cross-sectional and prospective associations between objectively measured SHS exposure and mental health using data from the Health and Lifestyle Survey (HALS), a large, UK-wide, general population-based, prospective cohort study with measurements of carbon monoxide or salivary cotinine levels.Methods:Mental health was assessed using the 30-item version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Multivariate logistic regression models adjusting for age, sex, height, body mass index, alcohol intake, social status, and longstanding illness were used to analyze the association between exposure to SHS (exhaled CO and salivary cotinine categories) and psychological distress (≥ 5 GHQ).Results:Fully adjusted cross-sectional analysis revealed a positive relationship between exhaled carbon monoxide and psychological distress among smokers (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.04-1.78) but not among non-smoking adults. In a similar cross-sectional analysis between cotinine level and psychological distress, non-significant associations were found among smokers and non-smokers. Prospective analyses of the cotinine-psychological distress relationship among participants without psychological distress at baseline showed no significant increased risk of psychological distress among both smokers and non-smokers. In a prospective analysis of poor mental health outcome with respect to self-report smoking and SHS status, smokers had an increased risk of psychological distress while SHS and non-smokers did not.Conclusions:A non-significant association between objectively measured SHS exposure and poor mental health was found in this study. Our findings show discrepancies with recent studies suggesting the need for additional future research in this growing field of study.
Does time fly when you're counting down? The effect of counting direction on subjective time judgment
Authors: Shalev Edith , Morwitz Vicki G. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractWe show that counting downward while performing a task shortens the perceived duration of the task compared to counting upward. People perceive that less time has elapsed when they were counting downward versus upward while using a product (Studies 1 and 3) or watching geometrical shapes (Study 2). The counting direction effect is obtained using both prospective and retrospective time judgments (Study 3), but only when the count range begins with the number “1” (Study 2). Furthermore, the counting direction affects peoples' attitude toward the product, their likelihood of using it again, and their purchase intentions. We test several plausible accounts for the counting direction effect, including task difficulty, numerical anchoring, and arousal. We find preliminary evidence that downward counting feels shorter because it is more arousing than upward counting.
The ‘zoo’ of secondary instabilities precursory to stratified shear flow transition. Part 2 The influence of stratification
Authors: Mashayek A. , Peltier W. R. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe linear stability analyses described in Mashayek & Peltier (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 708, 2012, 5–44, hereafter MP1) are extended herein in an investigation of the influence of stratification on the evolution of secondary instabilities to which an evolving Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) wave is susceptible in an initially unstable parallel stratified shear layer. We show that over a wide range of background stratification levels, the braid shear instability has a higher probability of emerging at early stages of the flow evolution while the secondary convective instability (SCI), which occurs in the eyelids of the individual Kelvin ‘cats eyes’, will remain a relevant and dominant instability at high Reynolds numbers. The evolution of both modes is greatly influenced by the background stratification. Various other three-dimensional secondary instabilities are found to exist over a wide range of stratification levels. In particular, the stagnation point instability (SPI), which was discussed in detail in MP1, may be of great potential importance providing alternate routes for transition of an initially two-dimensional KH wave into fully developed turbulence. The energetics of the secondary instabilities revealed by our simulations are analysed in detail and the preturbulent mixing properties are studied.
Anxiety is related to Alzheimer cerebrospinal fluid markers in subjects with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Ramakers I. H. G. B. , Verhey F. R. J. , Scheltens P. , Hampel H. , Soininen H. , Aalten P. , Rikkert M. Olde , Verbeek M. M. , Spiru L. , Blennow K. , Trojanowski J. Q. , Shaw L. M. , Visser P. J. ,   the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and DESCRIPA Investigators
Published: September 2012

BackgroundAnxiety, apathy and depression are common in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and may herald Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated whether these symptoms correlated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers for AD in subjects with MCI.MethodSubjects with MCI (n=268) were selected from the ‘Development of screening guidelines and criteria for pre-dementia Alzheimer's disease’ (DESCRIPA) and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) studies. We measured amyloid β(1-42)protein (Aβ42) and total tau (t-tau) in CSF. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were measured with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory.ResultsDepressive symptoms were reported by 55 subjects (21%), anxiety by 35 subjects (13%) and apathy by 49 subjects (18%). The presence of anxiety was associated with abnormal CSF Aβ42 [odds ratio (OR) 2.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6–3.3] and t-tau (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.9–3.6) concentrations and with the combination of abnormal concentrations of both Aβ42 and t-tau (OR 3.1, 95% CI 2.0–4.7). The presence of agitation and irritability was associated with abnormal concentrations of Aβ42 (agitation: OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.3; irritability: OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.5–3.3). Symptoms of depression and apathy were not related to any of the CSF markers.ConclusionsIn subjects with MCI, symptoms of anxiety, agitation and irritability may reflect underlying AD pathology, whereas symptoms of depression and apathy do not.
They wrote on wood. The case for a hieroglyphic scribal tradition on wooden writing boards in Hittite Anatolia
Authors: Waal Willemijn 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe wooden writing boards frequently mentioned in Hittite texts have given rise to much debate, mostly regarding the scale on which they were used and the type of script that was written on them (cuneiform or hieroglyphs). In this paper, the evidence for the use of wooden writing boards in Hittite Anatolia will be (re-)evaluated. It will be argued that they were used for private and economic documents, and that they were written on in Anatolian hieroglyphs. Important indications of this are the distinct terms consistently used in connection with writing on wood, which point to a separate scribal tradition. Further, the form and nature of the hieroglyphic script itself and the fact that it survived after the fall of the Hittite empire confirm that the script must have been widely employed. It is thus proposed that two parallel scribal traditions existed in Hittite Anatolia: a (lost) hieroglyphic tradition on wooden writing boards used for private and daily economic records, and a Hittite cuneiform tradition reserved for palace administration.
Highland gods: rock-cut votive reliefs from the Pisidian Survey
Authors: Smith Tyler Jo 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBetween 1982 and 1996 a group of rock-cut votive reliefs was discovered during archaeological survey in Pisidia under the direction of Stephen Mitchell and the sponsorship of the British Institute (of Archaeology) at Ankara. The types represented include a horseman deity, perhaps Kakasbos, the Dioscuri with ‘goddess’ and the moon-god Men. The reliefs are discussed according to their cults and iconography, and their contribution to art and religion both locally and beyond. As a religious phenomenon, they are further considered in relation to both regional traditions and empire-wide practices. It is suggested that reliefs of this type, that are associated with the protection of mortals, should also be viewed as part of the history of devotional art and added to discussions of rock art that extend beyond the Greek and Roman worlds. A detailed catalogue of the reliefs, organised by iconographic type, concludes the article.
Regional Incomes in Portugal: Industrialisation, Integration and Inequality, 1890-1980
Authors: Badia-Miró Marc , Guilera Jordi , Lains Pedro 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe analysis of the evolution of the location of economic activity in Portugal between 1890 and 1980 depicts a strong concentration of productive activity in the coastal regions. We estimate data for regional GDP per capita, which show that the evolution of regional inequality followed an inverted U-curve, in line with that observed in other regions of Europe, but with a rather late peak, in 1970. The reasons for this behaviour may be found in the limits to industrialisation in the interior regions and the benefits generated by the agglomeration economies in the more developed coastal regions.
Antigenic differences between vaccine and circulating wild-type mumps viruses decreases neutralization capacity of vaccine-induced antibodies
Authors: ŠANTAK M. , LANG-BALIJA M. , IVANCIC-JELECKI J. , KOŠUTIĆ-GULIJA T. , LJUBIN-STERNAK S. , FORCIC D. 
Published: September 2012

SUMMARYA recent resurgence of mumps in doubly vaccinated cohorts has been observed, identifying genotype G as the current predominant genotype. In this study, the neutralization efficacy of guinea pig sera immunized with three vaccine viruses: L-Zagreb, Urabe AM9 and JL5, was tested against seven mumps viruses: three vaccine strains and four wild-type strains (two of genotype G, one of genotype C, one of genotype D) isolated during 1998–2011. All sera neutralized all viruses although at different levels. The neutralization efficiency of sera decreases several fold by temporal order of virus isolation. Therefore, we concluded that gradual evolution of mumps viruses, rather than belonging to a certain genotype, results in an antigenic divergence from the vaccine strains that decrease the neutralization capacity of vaccine-induced antibodies. Moreover, the amino-acid sequence alignment revealed three new potentially relevant regions for escape from neutralization, i.e. 113–130, 375–403 and 440–443.
The endocrine disruptor mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate promotes adipocyte differentiation and induces obesity in mice
Authors: Hao Chanjuan , Cheng Xuejia , Xia Hongfei , Ma Xu 
Published: September 2012

The environmental obesogen hypothesis proposes that exposure to endocrine disruptors during developmental ‘window’ contributes to adipogenesis and the development of obesity. MEHP [mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate], a metabolite of the widespread plasticizer DEHP [di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate], has been found in exposed organisms and identified as a selective PPARγ (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor γ) modulator. However, implication of MEHP on adipose tissue development has been poorly investigated. In the present study, we show the dose-dependent effects of MEHP on adipocyte differentiation and GPDH (glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) activity in the murine 3T3-L1 cell model. MEHP induced the expression of PPARγ as well as its target genes required for adipogenesis in vitro. Moreover, MEHP perturbed key regulators of adipogenesis and lipogenic pathway in vivo. In utero exposure to a low dose of MEHP significantly increased b.w. (body weight) and fat pad weight in male offspring at PND (postnatal day) 60. In addition, serum cholesterol, TAG (triacylglycerol) and glucose levels were also significantly elevated. These results suggest that perinatal exposure to MEHP may be expected to increase the incidence of obesity in a sex-dependent manner and can act as a potential chemical stressor for obesity and obesity-related disorders.
Expression of cyclin A, B1 and D1 after induction of cell cycle arrest in the Jurkat cell line exposed to doxorubicin
Authors: Żuryń Agnieszka , Litwiniec Anna , Gackowska Lidia , Pawlik Andrzej , Grzanka Aleksandra Antonina , Grzanka Alina 
Published: September 2012

AbstractJurkat human lymphoblastoid cells were incubated in increasing concentrations of doxorubicin (0.05, 0.1 and 0.15 μM) to induce cell death, and their expression of cyclin A, B1 and D1 was evaluated by flow cytometry (cell cycle progression, Annexin V assay, percentages and levels of each of the cyclins), transmission electron microscopy (ultrastructure) and confocal fluorescence microscopy (expression and intracellular localization of cyclins). After low‐dose doxorubicin treatment, Jurkat cells responded mainly by G2/M arrest, which was related to increased cyclin B1, A and D1 levels, a low level of apoptosis and/or mitotic catastrophe. The influence of doxorubicin on levels and/or localization of selected cyclins was confirmed, which may in turn contribute to the G2/M arrest induced by the drug.
Magnetizability tensors from auxiliary density functional theory
Authors: Zuniga-Gutierrez Bernardo , Geudtner Gerald , Köster Andreas M. 
Published: September 2012

The working equations for the calculation of the magnetizability tensor in the framework of auxiliary density functional theory with gauge including atomic orbitals (ADFT-GIAO) are derived. Unlike in the corresponding conventional density functional theory implementations the numerical integration of the GIAOs is avoided in ADFT-GIAO. Our validation shows that this simplification has no effect on the accuracy of the methodology. As a result, a reliable and efficient implementation for the calculation of magnetizabilities of systems with more than 1000 atoms and 14 000 basis functions is presented.
High resolution space quartz-flexure accelerometer based on capacitive sensing and electrostatic control technology
Authors: Tian W. , Wu S. C. , Zhou Z. B. , Qu S. B. , Bai Y. Z. , Luo J. 
Published: September 2012

High precision accelerometer plays an important role in space scientific and technical applications. A quartz-flexure accelerometer operating in low frequency range, having a resolution of better than 1 ng/Hz1/2, has been designed based on advanced capacitive sensing and electrostatic control technologies. A high precision capacitance displacement transducer with a resolution of better than 2 × 10−6 pF/Hz1/2 above 0.1 Hz, is used to measure the motion of the proof mass, and the mechanical stiffness of the spring oscillator is compensated by adjusting the voltage between the proof mass and the electrodes to induce a proper negative electrostatic stiffness, which increases the mechanical sensitivity and also suppresses the position measurement noise down to 3 × 10−10 g/Hz1/2 at 0.1 Hz. A high resolution analog-to-digital converter is used to directly readout the feedback voltage applied on the electrodes in order to suppress the action noise to 4 × 10−10 g/Hz1/2 at 0.1 Hz. A prototype of the quartz-flexure accelerometer has been developed and tested, and the preliminary experimental result shows that its resolution comes to about 8 ng/Hz1/2 at 0.1 Hz, which is mainly limited by its mechanical thermal noise due to low quality factor.
Predictors of Hospital-Acquired Urinary Tract–Related Bloodstream Infection
Authors: Greene M. Todd , Chang Robert , Kuhn Latoya , Rogers Mary A. M. , Chenoweth Carol E. , Shuman Emily , Saint Sanjay 
Published: September 2012

Objective.Bloodstream infection (BSI) secondary to nosocomial urinary tract infection is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and additional financial costs. Our objective was to identify predictors of nosocomial urinary tract-related BSI.Design.Matched case-control study.Setting.Midwestern tertiary care hospital.Patients.Casesn= 298) were patients with a positive urine culture obtained more than 48 hours after admission and a blood culture obtained within 14 days of the urine culture that grew the same organism. Controls (n= 667), selected by incidence density sampling, included patients with a positive urine culture who were at risk for BSI but did not develop one.Methods.Conditional logistic regression and classification and regression tree analyses.Results.The most frequently isolated microorganisms that spread from the urinary tract to the bloodstream wereEnterococcusspecies. Independent risk factors included neutropenia (odds ratio [OR], 10.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.78-20.88), renal disease (OR, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.98-4.41), and male sex (OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.52-3.12). The probability of developing a urinary tract-related BSI among neutropenic patients was 70%. Receipt of immunosuppressants (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.04-2.25), insulin (OR, 4.82; 95% CI, 2.52-9.21), and antibacterials (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.44-0.97) also significantly altered risk.Conclusions.The heightened risk of urinary tract-related BSI associated with several comorbid conditions suggests that the management of nosocomial bacteriuria may benefit from tailoring to certain patient subgroups. Consideration of time-dependent risk factors, such as medications, may also help guide clinical decisions in reducing BSI.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2012;33(10):1001-1007
Laboratory-Confirmed Pandemic H1N1 Influenza in Hospitalized Adults: Findings from the Canadian Nosocomial Infections Surveillance Program, 2009-2010
Authors: Wilkinson Krista , Mitchell Robyn , Taylor Geoffrey , Amihod Barbara , Frenette Charles , Gravel Denise , McGeer Allison , Suh Kathryn N. , Wong Alice ,   Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program
Published: September 2012

Surveillance for pandemic H1N1 influenza was conducted between June 1, 2009, and May 31, 2010, among adults at 40 participating hospitals in the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program. The first wave was characterized by a higher proportion of Aboriginals and pregnant women as well as severe outcomes, compared to the second wave.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(10):1043-1046
The Use of Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV) in Healthcare Personnel (HCP): Guidance from the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA)
Authors: Talbot Thomas R. , Babcock Hilary , Cotton Deborah , Maragakis Lisa L. , Poland Gregory A. , Septimus Edward J. , Tapper Michael L. , Weber David J. ,   SHEA Task Force on Healthcare Personnel Influenza Vaccination
Published: September 2012

Because of the live viral backbone of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV), questions have arisen regarding infection control precautions and restrictions surrounding its use in healthcare personnel (HCP). This document provides guidance from the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America regarding use of LAIV in HCP and the infection control precautions that are recommended with its use in this population.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(10):981-983
Investigation of fast ion transport in TORPEX
Authors: Bovet A. , Furno I. , Fasoli A. , Gustafson K. , Ricci P. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Basic aspects of fast ion transport in ideal interchange-mode unstable plasmas are investigated in the simple toroidal plasma device TORPEX. Fast ions are generated by a miniaturized lithium 6+ ion source with energies up to 1 keV, and are detected using a double-gridded energy analyser mounted on a two-dimensional movable system in the poloidal cross-section. The signal-to-noise ratio is enhanced by applying a modulated biasing voltage to the fast ion source and using a synchronous detection scheme. An analogue lock-in amplifier has been developed, which allows removing the capacitive noise associated with the voltage modulation. We characterize vertical and radial transport of the fast ions, which is associated with the plasma turbulence. Initial experimental results show good agreement with numerical simulations of the fast ion transport in a global fluid simulation of the TORPEX plasma.
Improving HIV coreceptor usage prediction in the clinic using hints from next-generation sequencing data
Authors: Pfeifer Nico , Lengauer Thomas 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Motivation: Due to the high mutation rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), drug-resistant-variants emerge frequently. Therefore, researchers are constantly searching for new ways to attack the virus. One new class of anti-HIV drugs is the class of coreceptor antagonists that block cell entry by occupying a coreceptor on CD4 cells. This type of drug just has an effect on the subset of HIVs that use the inhibited coreceptor. A good prediction of whether the viral population inside a patient is susceptible to the treatment is hence very important for therapy decisions and pre-requisite to administering the respective drug. The first prediction models were based on data from Sanger sequencing of the V3 loop of HIV. Recently, a method based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) data was introduced that predicts labels for each read separately and decides on the patient label through a percentage threshold for the resistant viral minority.
Results: We model the prediction problem on the patient level taking the information of all reads from NGS data jointly into account. This enables us to improve prediction performance for NGS data, but we can also use the trained model to improve predictions based on Sanger sequencing data. Therefore, also laboratories without NGS capabilities can benefit from the improvements. Furthermore, we show which amino acids at which position are important for prediction success, giving clues on how the interaction mechanism between the V3 loop and the particular coreceptors might be influenced.
Availability: A webserver is available at http://coreceptor.bioinf.mpi-inf.mpg.de.
Contact: nico.pfeifer@mpi-inf.mpg.de
DELLY: structural variant discovery by integrated paired-end and split-read analysis
Authors: Rausch Tobias , Zichner Thomas , Schlattl Andreas , Stütz Adrian M. , Benes Vladimir , Korbel Jan O. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Motivation: The discovery of genomic structural variants (SVs) at high sensitivity and specificity is an essential requirement for characterizing naturally occurring variation and for understanding pathological somatic rearrangements in personal genome sequencing data. Of particular interest are integrated methods that accurately identify simple and complex rearrangements in heterogeneous sequencing datasets at single-nucleotide resolution, as an optimal basis for investigating the formation mechanisms and functional consequences of SVs.
Results: We have developed an SV discovery method, called DELLY, that integrates short insert paired-ends, long-range mate-pairs and split-read alignments to accurately delineate genomic rearrangements at single-nucleotide resolution. DELLY is suitable for detecting copy-number variable deletion and tandem duplication events as well as balanced rearrangements such as inversions or reciprocal translocations. DELLY, thus, enables to ascertain the full spectrum of genomic rearrangements, including complex events. On simulated data, DELLY compares favorably to other SV prediction methods across a wide range of sequencing parameters. On real data, DELLY reliably uncovers SVs from the 1000 Genomes Project and cancer genomes, and validation experiments of randomly selected deletion loci show a high specificity.
Availability: DELLY is available at www.korbel.embl.de/software.html
Contact: tobias.rausch@embl.de