bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 population dynamics in immunocompetent individuals in a closed transmission chain shows genomic diversity over the course of infection
Authors: Goldswain Hannah , Penrice-Randal Rebekah , Donovan-Banfield I’ah , Duffy Craig W. , Dong Xiaofeng , Randle Nadine , Ryan Yan , Rzeszutek Aleksandra M. , Pilgrim Jack , Keyser Emma , Weller Simon A. , Hutley Emma J. , Hartley Catherine , Prince Tessa , Darby Alistair C. , Aye Maung Niall , Nwume Henry , Hiscox Julian A. , Emmett Stevan R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
SARS-CoV-2 remains rapidly evolving, and many biologically important genomic substitutions/indels have characterised novel SARS-CoV-2 lineages, which have emerged during successive global waves of the pandemic. Worldwide genomic sequencing has been able to monitor these waves, track transmission clusters, and examine viral evolution in real time to help inform healthcare policy. One school of thought is that an apparent greater than average divergence in an emerging lineage from contemporary variants may require persistent infection, for example in an immunocompromised host. Due to the nature of the COVID-19 pandemic and sampling, there were few studies that examined the evolutionary trajectory of SARS-CoV-2 in healthy individuals.

Methods
We investigated viral evolutionary trends and participant symptomatology within a cluster of 16 SARS-CoV-2 infected, immunocompetent individuals with no co-morbidities in a closed transmission chain. Longitudinal nasopharyngeal swab sampling allowed characterisation of SARS-CoV-2 intra-host variation over time at both the dominant and minor genomic variant levels through Nimagen-Illumina sequencing.

Results
A change in viral lineage assignment was observed in individual infections; however, there was only one indel and no evidence of recombination over the period of an acute infection. Minor and dominant genomic modifications varied between participants, with some minor genomic modifications increasing in abundance to become the dominant viral sequence during infection.

Conclusions
Data from this cohort of SARS-CoV-2-infected participants demonstrated that long-term persistent infection in an immunocompromised host was not necessarily a prerequisite for generating a greater than average frequency of amino acid substitutions. Amino acid substitutions at both the dominant and minor genomic sequence level were observed in immunocompetent individuals during infection showing that viral lineage changes can occur generating viral diversity.
A novel method to monitor rheumatoid arthritis prevalence using hospital and medication databases
Authors: Koller-Smith Louise , Mehdi Ahmed , March Lyn , Tooth Leigh , Mishra Gita D. , Thomas Ranjeny 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Most estimates of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) prevalence, including all official figures in Australia and many other countries, are based on self-report. Self-report has been shown to overestimate RA, but the ‘gold standard’ of reviewing individual medical records is costly, time-consuming and impractical for large-scale research and population monitoring. This study provides an algorithm to estimate RA cases using administrative data that can be adjusted for use in multiple contexts to provide the first approximate RA cohort in Australia that does not rely on self-report.

Methods
Survey data on self-reported RA and medications from 25 467 respondents of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH) were linked with data from the national medication reimbursement database, hospital and emergency department (ED) episodes, and Medicare Benefits codes. RA prevalence was calculated for self-reported RA, self-reported RA medications, dispensed RA medications, and hospital/ED RA presentations. Linked data were used to exclude individuals with confounding autoimmune conditions.

Results
Of 25 467 survey respondents, 1367 (5·4%) women self-reported disease. Of the 26 840 women with hospital or ED presentations, 292 (1·1%) received ICD-10 codes for RA. There were 1038 (2·8%) cases by the medication database definition, and 294 cases (1·5%) by the self-reported medication definition. After excluding individuals with other rheumatic conditions, prevalence was 3·9% for self-reported RA, 1·9% based on the medication database definition and 0·5% by self-reported medication definition. This confirms the overestimation of RA based on self-reporting.

Conclusions
We provide an algorithm for identifying individuals with RA, which could be used for population studies and monitoring RA in Australia and, with adjustments, internationally. Its balance of accuracy and practicality will be useful for health service planning using relatively easily accessible input data.
Clinical relevance of positively determined myositis antibodies in rheumatology: a retrospective monocentric analysis
Authors: Schumacher Falk , Zimmermann Maximilian , Kanbach Malte , Schulze Wigbert , Wollsching-Strobel Maximilian , Kroppen Doreen , Stanzel Sarah Bettina , Majorski Daniel , Windisch Wolfram , Strunk Johannes , Berger Melanie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The increased availability of myositis autoantibodies represents new possibilities and challenges in clinical practice (Lundberg IE, Tjärnlund A, Bottai M, Werth VP, Pilkington C, de Visser M, et al. 2017 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for adult and juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and their major subgroups. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76:1955–64. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-211468.). The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective data analysis of patient cases with positive myositis autoantibodies to analyse their significance in routine rheumatology practice.

Methods
A monocentric analysis of all the orders used to determine myositis autoantibodies from July 2019 to May 2022 in the Department of Rheumatology, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, Cologne, Germany, was carried out.

Results
In the defined time interval, a total of 71,597 laboratory values for the antibodies mentioned above were obtained. A total of 238 different positive autoantibodies ​​were detected in 209 patients. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy was diagnosed in 37 patients (18%), and inflammatory rheumatic diseases other than idiopathic inflammatory myopathy were diagnosed in 90 patients (43%). No inflammatory rheumatic disease was diagnosed in 82 patients (39%). General clusters of clinical manifestations were observed.

Conclusions
In our cohort, we were able to show that a relevant proportion of patients with positive myositis antibodies did not have idiopathic inflammatory myopathies or inflammatory rheumatic diseases. This finding indicates the importance of myositis autoantibodies in this group of patients. However, further studies on the course of symptoms and examination results in patients without inflammatory rheumatic diseases and with positive myositis antibodies are necessary.
A unified stochastic SIR model driven by Lévy noise with time-dependency
Authors: Easlick Terry , Sun Wei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe propose a unified stochastic SIR model driven by Lévy noise. The model is structural enough to allow for time-dependency, nonlinearity, discontinuity, demography, and environmental disturbances. We present concise results on the existence and uniqueness of positive global solutions and investigate the extinction and persistence of the novel model. Examples and simulations are provided to illustrate the main results.
Egyptian youth and eating disorders: a cross-sectional study on prevalence and contributing factors
Authors: Ahmed Hebatalla Abdelmaksoud Abdelmonsef , Yousef Ahmed , Mohamed Shadi Tharwat , Yousef Shahd Tamer , Elbeih Alaa Mohey Eldein , Tolba Alaa Mostafa , Shiba Hoda Ali Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Eating disorders (EDs) are complex mental health conditions with significant implications for the physical and psychological well-being of youth. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of eating disorders among a sample of Egyptian youth and explore the association between anxiety, social support, and sociodemographic characteristics with eating disorder behaviors.

Results
The findings revealed a significant prevalence of eating disorders among the youth participants, with 13.3% meeting the diagnostic criteria. Bulimia Nervosa was the most commonly diagnosed eating disorder, affecting 8.4% of the participants, followed by 1.4% experiencing Binge Eating Disorder. No cases of Anorexia Nervosa were reported. There were no statistically significant sex differences in the prevalence of different types of eating disorders. Higher body mass index (BMI) values and greater anxiety levels were associated with an increased likelihood of having an eating disorder.

Conclusions
This study highlights a significant prevalence of eating disorders among Egyptian youth, with Bulimia Nervosa being the most common type. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions and support systems to address the mental health challenges faced by Egyptian youth and promote healthy relationships with food and body image.
Microbial-assisted remediation approach for neonicotinoids from polluted environment
Authors: Randhawa Jatinder Singh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundNeonicotinoids are a group of synthetic insecticides that are highly effective and have a wide range of insecticidal activities. This group includes acetamiprid, dinotefuran, clothianidin, imidacloprid, sulfoxaflor, nitenpyram, thiamethoxam, and thiacloprid. They are extensively used worldwide, both in rural and urban environments. However, the widespread use of neonicotinoids has led to their accumulation and biomagnification in the environment due to their long half-life. This has resulted in the emergence of toxicological and hazardous pollutants, posing significant risks to humans and non-target animals. Neonicotinoids are a type of insecticides that bind to neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). This mechanism allows them to effectively activate insect nAChRs while having minimal impact on vertebrate nAChRs. This reduces the risk of toxicity and makes them safer for non-target species. However, the presence of neonicotinoids in the environment can still increase the risk of toxicity and exposure. Although they have low affinity for mammalian nAChRs, concerns arise due to the abundance, diversity, and widespread presence of these receptors, as well as their various functions. These factors raise concerns about the potential impact of these pesticides on unintended species. Therefore, it is crucial to remove neonicotinoids from the environment in a sustainable and methodical manner.Main body of the abstractVarious techniques can be employed to eliminate neonicotinoid residues in soil and aquatic habitats. These techniques include physiochemical remediation methods such as advanced oxidation processes, adsorption, oxidation, Fenton technology, photocatalysis, and activated persulfate-based oxidation. Additionally, microbial remediation techniques involving bacteria, fungi, and microalgae can also be utilized. This review aims to focus on the scientific foundation, advancements, and key topics related to microbial remediation technologies for neonicotinoids. Proper implementation of bioremediation techniques can significantly reduce the harmful effects of neonicotinoids on the environment and human health.Short conclusionThe main focus of this review is the new studies on the bioremediation of neonicotinoids by bacteria, fungi, and microalgae, and the role of their enzymes. This topic is gaining importance as pesticide bioremediation techniques become increasingly significant.
Human metabolic effects of BPA and the application of a hybrid photocatalytic membrane for BPA contaminated water
Authors: Kamaludin Roziana , Rasdi Zatilfarihiah , Othman Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan , Sheikh Abdul Kadir Siti Hamimah 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBisphenol A (BPA) is widely used in manufacturing various consumer products and detected in various water sources. Epidemiological studies reveal a correlation between BPA exposure and metabolic system disorders, including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular issues. Experimental studies further support these findings by demonstrating the adverse impact of BPA on physiological processes, contributing to the onset of metabolic disorders. Despite its detrimental health effects, removal of BPA poses a formidable challenge due to its intricate molecular structure, resistant to conventional water treatment methods. To address this, our review comprehensively summarizes human BPA exposure data and in vivo/in vitro mammalian studies, offering a comparative analysis of treatment technologies with a focus on documented health impacts. Biological treatment removes BPA efficiently, however, maintaining ideal bacterial populations and controlling biomass concentration provide difficulties that affect operational stability and scalability. In the meantime, despite the high removal rate of physiochemical treatment such as absorption and membrane technology, they consume significant amounts of energy and generate chemical residues that could retain toxicity. In this regard, a hybrid photocatalytic membrane emerges as a promising solution, forming the basis for our comparative evaluation in wastewater treatment and water purification. By effectively degrading BPA and mitigating the BPA toxicity, the photocatalytic membrane helps reduce human exposure to this harmful compound. This technology presents a viable approach to tackle BPA-related environmental challenges while shedding light on its intricate metabolic effects on human health.
Maroon Anti-necropolitics
Authors: Strange Stuart Earle 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article describes Maroon anti-necropolitics and its implications for multispecies justice to aid in creating a genuinely decolonial Caribbean ecological theory. Ndyuka Maroons, the descendants of one nation of self-liberated formerly enslaved Black Surinamese peoples, have created a cosmopolitical order based on the refusal of necropolitics (which is the assumption that politics must be predicated on the sovereign human appropriation of the right to kill or let die). In its place, Ndyukas practice an ethics of sociality premised on the shared collective vulnerability of present and future generations to the consequences of acts of killing. This Maroon anti-necropolitics has three primary principles: (1) death always relates specific deaths to future collective harm; (2) humans do not have a sovereign right to death over the lives of others; and (3) death does not rupture relations between the living and the dead, or the community and its enemies, but intensifies them by imposing ineradicable connections of tragic loss between perpetrators and victims. Ndyukas accordingly articulate a theory of relational justice that rejects human sovereignty while emphasizing human responsibility. This article illustrates how Maroons have imagined a world beyond necropolitics and why this helps confront the ways in which necropolitical assumptions inflect how multispecies justice is imagined.
Tar Remedies
Authors: Angus Siobhan , Cariou Warren 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This two-part essay turns to the landscapes of bitumen mining in the Athabasca tar sands in western Canada. Despite the environmental costs of the tar sands mining process, the Canadian state remains invested in oil extraction in the tar sands. Starting from the premise that the extraction and burning of this bitumen was and is not inevitable, this dialogue locates hazardous hope in the landscapes of the Athabasca region. To do so, the first section is an analysis of Warren Cariou’s photographic practice, situating his work within themes of toxicity and hope. Written by an art historian, it argues that we can read the petrographs through a mode of critical spectatorship that generates questions about how extraction makes our world and how these processes are historically contingent choices based in what society has chosen to value. The second part is a short reflection by Warren Cariou on his practice and how he theorizes hope in the context of pollution.
Narrating Extinctions for Survivance
Authors: Mankun Liu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article navigates the obligatory relationship between extinction narratives and future imaginaries through the lens of an artist’s films. Taking Chinese artist Mao Chenyu’s works as case studies, the first part examines the notion of extinction that his video essay Becoming Father (2021) complicates through the perspective of rice (Oryza sativa) and humans in Dongting Lake. It reveals adaptive evolution, hetero-reproduction, and geontopower as three political regimes where extinctive pressures accumulate through the erosion of biocultural inheritability. The second part engages with this tripartite politics by questing for alternative models of inheritance from Mao’s ethnographic films. It centers on how the artist invests in shamanist, geomantic, and animist practices to envision alternative modes of inheritance. Based on this, the article argues that the conception of extinction beyond mass death demands counterextinction measures to aim for more than survival. This volition can be summarized by the term survivance, an ethical way of living in end-times. It concludes by contextualizing Mao’s work in post–Green Revolution China, where a logic of survival has driven mass extinction. On this basis, it proposes that extinction studies could benefit from cultivating a historical consciousness, especially regarding how extinctions are connected to the ideological underpinning of specific Anthropocene processes.
SupraPetrous InfraTemporal Approach: A Supplemental Approach to Supracerebellar Infratentorial for Inferior Amygdala and Hippocampal Head Access—A Cadaveric Study With Case Illustrations
Authors: Shinya Yuki , Leonel Luciano César P. C. , Hong Sukwoo , Moussalem Charbel K. , Serioli Simona , De Bonis Alessandro , Nizzola Mariagrazia , Meyer Jenna H. , Bauman Megan M. J. , Saez-Alegre Miguel , Kin Taichi , Peris-Celda Maria , Van Gompel Jamie J. 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Access to the amygdala and hippocampus (A/H) is complex. To address the limitations and invasiveness of traditional approaches, including the Transsylvian, Subtemporal, and Supracerebellar infratentorial approaches, we developed the suprapetrous infratemporal (SPIT) approach. This study describes the nuances of this approach in both cadaveric studies and clinical cases.

METHODS:
Three unilateral exposures were performed using microscopic and endoscopic methodologies in the SPIT approach. After cadaveric investigation, this approach was successfully implemented in representative clinical cases.

RESULTS:
The SPIT approach enabled direct access to the inferior A/H, circumventing the requirement for temporal lobe retraction and detachment of the temporal lobe from the dura through a subtemporal route by drilling the upper part of the mastoid, consequently mitigating tension on the vein of Labbé. This enabled a bottom-up view because one would gain with a zygomatic osteotomy and forward projection like a mini-posterior petrosal view by using a transmastoid view, without cutting down the zygomatic arch and opening the dura subtemporally, limiting patient pain and preventing case comorbidity. The SPIT approach was performed in 2 cases of mesial temporal cavernoma presenting with seizures. The lesion was visualized intraoperatively and was successfully removed in these cases. The postoperative course was excellent with no complications, and gross total resection was radiographically confirmed with Engel Class 1a seizure freedom.

CONCLUSION:
The SPIT approach is a complementary approach for inferior A/H disease, combining the combined middle fossa approach modified for intradural pathology. Limited drilling of the upper aspect of the mastoid with a medial dural opening at the level of the arcuate eminence provides a direct trajectory with minimal brain retraction. Additional research encompassing a larger patient cohort and extended follow-up periods is required to substantiate the advantages of SPIT in the management of inferior A/H lesions.
Innovative Approaches and Comprehensive Strategies in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris. A Multi Faceted Review
Authors: Maj Adrian , Warno Martyna 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Acne vulgaris, widely recognized as one of the most prevalent skin disorders, presents numerous diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. It affects not only adolescents during puberty but also adults, constituting a multifaceted phenomenon that influences both the physical condition of the skin and the psychological well-being of individuals. Acne's impact extends to overall well-being and social life. Given the complexity of this condition, a thorough understanding of its etiologies and the pursuit of effective therapeutic methods are essential. This review aims to evaluate fractional laser therapy as a potentially effective and safe treatment for acne vulgaris, emphasizing its potential to improve the quality of life and comfort for individuals suffering from this condition.

Aim of the Study
The objective of this review is to delineate the causes of common acne occurrence and explore solutions in its treatment process. The primary aim is to present fractional laser therapy as an effective treatment modality for acne vulgaris.

Material and Method
This article synthesizes the current state of knowledge regarding acne vulgaris, drawing on various scientific articles.

Conclusions
The path to eliminating skin lesions necessitates a multifaceted and holistic approach, with essential guidance from a dermatologist. Effective acne treatment requires an individualized strategy that considers multiple factors. In practice, a combination of different treatment modalities often yields the best results.
Analysis of Drug-Related Tinnitus Based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System Database
Authors: Wang Luwei , Tang Yanqin , Zhuge Pan 
Published: July 2024

Aims/Background Tinnitus is a very common condition, and is a side effect of many medications. The panorama of drug-induced tinnitus has widened in recent decades, and post-marketing data are needed to gain a better insight into adverse drug reactions related to tinnitus. However, there are currently few studies on drug-induced tinnitus. We aimed to explore the details of real-world drug-related tinnitus. Methods We collected data on adverse drug reactions related to tinnitus from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database for the fourth quarter of 2012 to the fourth quarter of 2023. The top 25 tinnitus-associated drugs and indications were analyzed, and reporting odds ratios (RORs) were used to assess the association between drugs and adverse events (AEs). Results A total of 29,460 patients were enrolled in our study, with a greater proportion of women (59.1%) than men (31.7%). Among all tinnitus-related drugs, duloxetine (n = 1510, ROR [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 11.99 [11.38–12.63]), ciprofloxacin (n = 938, ROR [95% CI] = 9.96 [9.33–10.63]), and adalimumab (n = 759, ROR [95% CI] = 0.68 [0.64–0.73]) displayed the strongest associations. Among all tinnitus-related indications, depression (n = 1172), rheumatoid arthritis (n = 947), and multiple sclerosis (n = 914) were the most relevant indications. Vertigo (n = 2443, ROR [95% CI] = 7.51 [7.21–7.82]), deafness (n = 1740, ROR [95% CI] = 13.50 [12.86–14.18]), and hypoacusis (n = 1550, ROR [95% CI] = 6.11 [5.81–6.43]) were the most common concomitant ototoxic AEs in patients reporting tinnitus. Conclusion Our study mined and analyzed the AEs signals of drug-induced tinnitus and provided a reference for the safe clinical application of the drugs.