bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Logjams on Largemouth Bass (Micropterus Salmoides) Concentrations on the Lower Roanoke River, a Large Sand‐Bed River
Authors: Schenk E. R. , McCargo J. W. , Moulin B. , Hupp C. R. , Richter J. M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis study examines the relation between logjams and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) on the alluvial sand‐bed lower Roanoke River. Disparate data sets from previous bank erosion, fisheries, and large wood studies were used to compare the distribution of largemouth bass with logjam frequency. Logjams are related to the frequency of bank mass wasting increasing from near an upstream dam to the middle reach of the study segment and then decreasing as the river approaches sea level. The highest concentration of largemouth bass and logjams was in the middle reach (110 fish per hour and 21 jams per km). Another measure of largemouth bass distribution, fish biomass density (g h−1), had a similar trend with logjams and was a better predictor of fish distribution versus logjams (R2 = 0.6 and 0.8 and p = 0.08 and 0.02 for fish per hour and g h−1 versus logjam, respectively). We theorize that the preference for adult bass to congregate near logjams indicates the use of the jams as feeding areas. The results of a principal component analysis indicate that fish biomass concentration is much more related to logjam frequency than channel geometry (width, depth, and bank height), bed grain size, bank erosion, or turbidity. The results of this research support recent studies on in‐channel wood and fisheries: Logjams appear to be important for maintaining, or increasing, both largemouth bass numbers and total biomass of fish in large eastern North American rivers. Persistent logjams, important as habitat, exist where relatively undisturbed river reaches allow for bank erosion inputs of wood and available anchoring locations. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Use of IOTA simple rules for diagnosis of ovarian cancer: meta‐analysis
Authors: Nunes N. , Ambler G. , Foo X. , Naftalin J. , Widschwendter M. , Jurkovic D. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo present data on prospective evaluation of the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) ‘simple‐rules’ tool for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer and to perform a meta‐analysis of studies that utilized the same diagnostic method.MethodsIn the present study a level‐II ultrasound operator systematically assessed the tumors of women with an ultrasound diagnosis of adnexal tumor(s) according to the IOTA simple‐rules protocol to determine the risk of the tumor being malignant. The results of simple rules were compared with the ‘pattern recognition’ method and with histological findings. This validation study was included in the subsequent meta‐analysis, for which we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane from the publication of the first study in 2008. The terms used were ‘simple rules’, ‘simple rules ovarian’, ‘ovar tumor’ and ‘ultrasound’. Quality assessment was performed using the modified Quality Assessment of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Studies (QUADAS‐2) checklist. Random effects meta‐analysis was used to calculate pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity for the simple‐rules tool, and meta‐regression was used to investigate heterogeneity across the studies.ResultsThree hundred and three women were included in the validation study with 168 (55.4%) benign, 19 (6.3%) borderline and 116 (38.3%) malignant tumors on histological examination. The rules were applicable in 237 (78.2%) of the tumors and for these tumors, sensitivity was 96.2% (95% CI, 90.5–99.0%) and specificity was 88.6% (95% CI, 82.0–93.5%). Six of the 88 discovered studies were included in the meta‐analysis along with the current validation study, which resulted in inclusion of a total of 3568 patients. When the meta‐analysis was performed the pooled sensitivity (when the rules were applicable) was 93% (95% CI, 90–96%) (I2 = 32.1%) and the pooled specificity was 95% (95% CI, 93–97%) (I2 = 78.1%). Heterogeneity was observed across the studies. Sensitivity was higher and specificity lower in the study populations in which the prevalence of malignant tumors was greatest.ConclusionThe simple rules protocol could be used in 76–89% of tumors and is an accurate test for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Assessment by an ultrasound expert is required when the protocol cannot be applied. Copyright © 2014 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Maternal aspects of fetal cardiac intervention
Authors: Wohlmuth C. , Tulzer G. , Arzt W. , Gitter R. , Wertaschnigg D. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTObjectivesFetal cardiac interventions have the potential to alter natural disease progression and reduce morbidity and mortality in children. Although there are already encouraging data on fetal outcome, information on maternal morbidity and mortality after intervention is scarce. The aim of the present study was to assess maternal aspects, pregnancy‐associated risks and adverse events in 53 intrauterine cardiac interventions.MethodsBetween October 2000 and December 2012, 53 fetal cardiac interventions were performed in 47 patients (43 aortic valve dilations in 39 patients, seven pulmonary valve dilations in six patients and three balloon atrioseptostomies in two patients). Median gestational age was 26 + 4 (range, 20 + 3 to 33 + 1) weeks. Interventions were performed by an ultrasound‐guided percutaneous approach under general anesthesia. All medical records and patient charts were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsAll women were considered to be healthy in the preoperative assessment; 39 (83%) patients continued pregnancy until term and eight of 47 patients had an intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) and were induced. Postoperative nausea was reported in 29.8% of patients and abdominal pain in 36.2% of patients on the day of surgery. Preterm contractions were observed in two patients; no preterm prelabor rupture of membranes occurred. One severe postpartum hemorrhage was observed in a patient with IUFD and subsequent induction; however, this was unrelated to the balloon valvuloplasty. No intensive care unit admission and no major anesthesia‐associated complications (aspiration, anaphylactic reaction, cardiovascular collapse, damage to teeth, laryngeal damage, awareness or hypoxic brain damage) were observed. Maternal mortality was zero. A significant learning curve was observed in terms of duration of intervention.ConclusionIn our experience, percutaneous needle‐guided fetal cardiac intervention seems to be a safe procedure for the mother. In 53 procedures no major maternal complication directly related to the intervention was observed. Copyright © 2014 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Fetal cardiac parameters for prediction of twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome
Authors: Zanardini C. , Prefumo F. , Fichera A. , Botteri E. , Frusca T. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo assess myocardial performance index measured by conventional Doppler (MPI) and by tissue Doppler imaging (MPI′) at 18 weeks' gestation in monochorionic diamniotic twins for the prediction of twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS).MethodsThis was a single‐center observational study of 100 uncomplicated monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies attending the twin pregnancy clinic at the University Hospital Spedali Civili of Brescia from 2009 to 2012. MPI and MPI′ were obtained from the left (LV) and right (RV) ventricles of each twin at around 18 weeks of gestation (range, 17 + 1 to 19 + 4 weeks) and fortnightly thereafter. Cases which later developed TTTS formed the study group, and the remaining controls were subdivided into those continuing as uncomplicated pregnancies and those which later developed selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR). Data were analyzed by receiver–operating characteristics curve analysis and univariate and multivariable logistic regression.ResultsOf the 100 pregnancies, 88 were controls (84 uncomplicated and four developed sIUGR) and 12 developed TTTS. RV‐MPI and LV‐MPI, and LV‐MPI′ were significantly higher in future TTTS recipients than in controls, while RV‐MPI′ was significantly lower in donors. RV‐MPI and LV‐MPI and LV‐MPI′ were found to be predictive indicators in pregnancies that had not yet developed TTTS. Their negative predictive values were > 90%, and their specificities > 80%. The best performing index was LV‐MPI′, with a sensitivity of 91.7% and specificity of 88.6%.ConclusionsBefore diagnosis of TTTS, the cardiac function (as assessed by MPI and MPI′) of the future donor twin is not grossly abnormal, but that of the recipient is abnormal. We identified cardiac indices predictive of the subsequent development of TTTS, and suggest a possible role of these indices in planning the follow‐up of monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies. Copyright © 2014 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Synthesis and Properties of Di‐Chain Esterquat Surfactants
Authors: Han Bing , Geng Tao , Jiang Yajie , Ju Hongbin 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA series of cationic surfactants, di‐chain esterquat surfactants (EQs), were synthesized from N‐methyl diethanolamine, hydrochloric acid, ethylene oxide, and caprylic acid, decylic acid, or lauric acid by a three‐step process. The synthesized surfactants were characterized by IR, MS, and 1HNMR. Surface properties, antibacterial activity, and biodegradability of the synthesized surfactants were investigated. The results showed that synthesized EQs exhibit high surface activities and good biodegradability. Further, the synthesized surfactant, N,N‐di‐[O‐decanoyl‐2‐hydroxyethyl]‐N‐hydroxyethyl‐N‐methylammonium chloride, exhibits excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus.
Polyphenols of Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) Oil Samples and Geographical Differentiation by Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Saitta Marcello , La Torre Giovanna Loredana , Potortì Angela Giorgia , Di Bella Giuseppa , Dugo Giacomo 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe phenolic compounds of Italian and Turkish pistachio oil samples were investigated by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) with the aim of identifying substances also present in very low concentration; 21 compounds were identified by means of the mass spectra of the trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives. Benzoic acid derivatives (protocatechuic acid, gallic acid, 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid) were the main components; 14 polyphenols were detected in pistachios for the first time. The concentrations of the compounds found were in the range 0.02–5.64 μg/g of fresh pistachio. No appreciable qualitative differences were found between samples of different origin; a multivariate approach was successfully tried to differentiate the samples according to their geographical origin, using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Finally, Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) was further conducted to classify different pistachio samples.
Survey of breast cancer mammography screening behaviors in Eastern Taiwan based on a health belief model
Authors: Wang Wen‐Li , Hsu Sheng‐Der , Wang Jen‐Hung , Huang Li‐Chuan , Hsu Wen‐Lin 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBreast cancer is the main form of cancer affecting women and the fourth most common cause of cancer mortality in women. The aim of this study was to explore regular mammography screening in Hualien women and to identify the factors that influence its uptake based on a health belief model. This cross‐sectional study was performed between July 2012 and December 2012. A total of 776 women aged 45–69 years were enrolled in the study. The results of crude and adjusted analyses showed that there were significant differences in the prevalence of regular mammography screening, which were related to different age groups, residence areas, educational levels, hormone replacement therapy status, and history of breast cancer. Women in the older age groups, with a higher educational level, in receipt of hormone replacement therapy, and with a personal history of breast cancer had significantly higher odds ratios for regular mammography screening (2.75, 1.68, 1.75, and 1.98, respectively; all p < 0.05).
A review of the international trade in amphibians: the types, levels and dynamics of trade in CITES-listed species
Authors: Carpenter Angus I. , Andreone Franco , Moore Robin D. , Griffiths Richard A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractGlobally, amphibians face many potential threats, including international trade. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the types, levels and dynamics of the amphibian trade at the global scale. This study reviewed the trade in CITES-listed species between 1976 and 2007. Four main trade groups (eggs, skins, meat and individuals) were identified. Trade in amphibian leather focused on Hoplobatrachus tigerinus (5,572 individuals), whereas trade in eggs focused on Ambystoma mexicanum (6,027 eggs). However, for the entire study period (1976–2007), trade in skins and eggs was small compared with trade in meat and live animals. The meat trade was estimated to be worth > USD 111 million, whereas the trade in live animals was estimated to be worth > USD 11.5 million in only three of the genera involved. Trade dynamics have changed as a result of changes in legislation, such as a ban on H. tigerinus exports from Bangladesh for meat. Within the live trade 22 species categorized as either Critically Endangered or Endangered were traded during the study period, and these require greater attention. International trade and potential conservation benefits are affected by countries supplying captive-bred individuals to their domestic markets as this trade goes unrecorded. However, this study only investigated trade in species listed by CITES, and other species may comprise a significant additional component of international trade. The trade in amphibians is dynamic, and changes in both the types of trade and the species concerned were identified over the study period. Conservation concerns have multiplied from issues concerning population depletions to include indirect impacts associated with disease, predation and competition, which requires a reappraisal of data capture and reporting.
Attacks on medical missions: overview of a polymorphous reality: the case of Médecins Sans Frontières
Authors: Abu Sa‘Da Caroline , Duroch Françoise , Taithe Bertrand 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe aim of this article is to carry out a preliminary analysis of issues relating to the types of violence that are directed against humanitarian medical missions. Starting from the observation that violence can cause some degree of disruption for a medical organisation such as Médecins Sans Frontières, despite its wide experience which has brought it much wisdom and generated numerous and sporadic responses to such events, the article offers a more subtle analysis of terms and of situations of violence so as to contribute to the establishment of a research project and, in a second phase, to an awareness-raising campaign focusing on these complex phenomena.
Topological quantum phase transitions and edge states in spin-orbital coupled Fermi gases
Authors: Zhou Tao , Gao Yi , Wang Z. D. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe study superconducting states in the presence of spin-orbital coupling and Zeeman field. It is found that a phase transition from a Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state to the topological superconducting state occurs upon increasing the spin-orbital coupling. The nature of this topological phase transition and its critical property are investigated numerically. Physical properties of the topological superconducting phase are also explored. Moreover, the local density of states is calculated, through which the topological feature may be tested experimentally.
A comparison of nifedipine and tamsulosin as medical expulsive therapy for the management of lower ureteral stones without ESWL
Authors: Cao Dehong , Yang Lu , Liu Liangren , Yuan Haichao , Qian Shenqiang , Lv Xiao , Han Pin , Wei Qiang 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAdministration of nifedipine or tamsulosin has been suggested to augment stone expulsion rates. We aimed to compare the stone expulsion rates and adverse effects associated with the use of nifedipine or tamsulosin as medical expulsive therapy (MET) for the management of lower ureteral stones (LUS) without extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) via a literature review and meta-analysis. Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from the Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL and Google Scholar databases. Finally, a total of 7 RCTs with 3897 patients were included. Our meta-analysis showed that tamsulosin could significantly increase the stone expulsion rate relative to nifedipine in patients with LUS (random-effects model; risk ratio [RR] = 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.75–0.88; P < 0.00001). The subgroup analysis indicated no statistically significant difference between the drugs with regard to minor or major adverse effects (fixed-effect model; RR = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.91–1.54, P = 0.20; and RR = 1.63, 95% CI = 0.22–11.82, P = 0.63, respectively). This meta-analysis demonstrated that tamsulosin was more effective than nifedipine in patients with LUS, as evidenced by the higher stone expulsion rate. Tamsulosin treatment should therefore be considered for patients with LUS.
1.4 kV Junction barrier Schottky rectifier with mixed trench structure
Authors: Li‐kun Xu , Ying Wang , Zheng Dou , Wei Xue 
Published: June 2014

Junction barrier Schottky (JBS) rectifier with mixed trench structure on 4H‐SiC for improving the electrical performance is proposed. The device shows the increasing forward current density compared to the common JBS rectifier on 4H‐SiC because of the larger Schottky contact area without considerable degradation of breakdown voltage. This work is solely based on simulations with Silvaco TCAD tool. The forward current density of this device with 1.5 µm Schottky region depth of the trench structure is 102 A/cm2 at the forward voltage drop of 3 V while the current density of the common JBS is 70 A/cm2. The proposed structure improves the forward voltage drop at 100 A/cm2 effectively by 23%. The reverse characteristic and output capacitance of this device are similar to common JBS rectifier. In addition, in this work the forward and reverse characteristic of the proposed device at room and high temperatures is simulated.
Pitx2
-microRNA pathway that delimits sinoatrial node development and inhibits predisposition to atrial fibrillation
Authors: Wang Jun , Bai Yan , Li Na , Ye Wenduo , Zhang Min , Greene Stephanie B. , Tao Ye , Chen Yiping , Wehrens Xander H. T. , Martin James F. 
Published: June 2014

Significance
Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in the human population. It is critical to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying AF, given that the prevalence of AF is expected to dramatically increase as the human population ages. We identified a microRNA (miR)-regulated genetic pathway that delimits sinoatrial node development and inhibits AF. To our knowledge, our data are the first genetic evidence showing that miR deletion results in AF predisposition. Moreover, to our knowledge, our data are the first demonstration that sinoatrial node regulatory genes are regulated by miRs. Our findings suggest attractive therapeutic targets to treat AF given that miR-based therapeutics are feasible using miR antagonists and mimics.
MetAssign: probabilistic annotation of metabolites from LC–MS data using a Bayesian clustering approach
Authors: Daly Rónán , Rogers Simon , Wandy Joe , Jankevics Andris , Burgess Karl E. V. , Breitling Rainer 
Published: June 2014

AbstractMotivation: The use of liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry has enabled the high-throughput profiling of the metabolite composition of biological samples. However, the large amount of data obtained can be difficult to analyse and often requires computational processing to understand which metabolites are present in a sample. This article looks at the dual problem of annotating peaks in a sample with a metabolite, together with putatively annotating whether a metabolite is present in the sample. The starting point of the approach is a Bayesian clustering of peaks into groups, each corresponding to putative adducts and isotopes of a single metabolite.Results: The Bayesian modelling introduced here combines information from the mass-to-charge ratio, retention time and intensity of each peak, together with a model of the inter-peak dependency structure, to increase the accuracy of peak annotation. The results inherently contain a quantitative estimate of confidence in the peak annotations and allow an accurate trade-off between precision and recall. Extensive validation experiments using authentic chemical standards show that this system is able to produce more accurate putative identifications than other state-of-the-art systems, while at the same time giving a probabilistic measure of confidence in the annotations.Availability and implementation : The software has been implemented as part of the mzMatch metabolomics analysis pipeline, which is available for download at http://mzmatch.sourceforge.net/ .Contact: Ronan.Daly@glasgow.ac.ukSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Modelling fuel consumption of fishing vessels for predictive use
Authors: Davie Sarah , Minto Cóilín , Officer Rick , Lordan Colm , Jackson Emmet 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Fuel costs are an important element in models used to analyse and predict fisher behaviour for application within the wider mixed fisheries and ecosystem approaches to management. This investigation explored the predictive capability of linear and generalized additive models (GAMs) in providing daily fuel consumption estimates for fishing vessels given knowledge of their length, engine power, fleet segment (annual dominant gear type), and fuel prices. Models were fitted to half of the Irish fishing vessel economic data collected between 2003 and 2011. The predictive capabilities of the seven best models were validated against the remaining, previously un-modelled, data. The type of gear used by a fleet segment had an important influence on fuel consumption as did the price of fuel. The passive pot gear and Scottish seine gear segments indicated consistently lower consumptions, whereas dredge and pelagic gears showed consistently higher fuel consumptions. Furthermore, increasing fuel price negatively affected fuel consumption, especially for more powerful, larger vessels. Of the formulated models, the best fit to training data were a GAM with a gear main effect and two smooth functions; standardized vessel length and engine power interacting with fuel price. For prediction, overall, this model showed the closest predictions with the least bias, followed by three linear models. However, all seven models compared for predictive capability performed well for the most sampled segments (demersal and pelagic trawlers).