bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Da Nansen lanserte <i> Nord i Tåkeheimen <\i>
Authors: Jølle Harald Dag 
Published: October 2015

In 1911 Nansen published his major work In Northern Mists. Arctic Exploration in Early Times. The book deals with the exploration of the northern areas of the earth in earlier times, from antiquity before Pytheas to the Portuguese discoveries of the 16th Century. Working with the book, Nansen realized that many of the well-known and established sources could not be interpreted as literally as many of the historians ofhis time did. In the fall of 1910 he gave numerous lectures where he questioned the trustworthiness of the sagas as historical documents. Nansen faced considerable opposition which led to an extensive debate with among others Yngvar Nielsen and Finnur Jónsson. Later, Nansen's source criticism has proven to be far more in accordance with modern historical science than his opponents were.
Fullstendig PDF: Silje Solheim Karlsen: Triumf, lojalitet, avstand. Fridtjof Nansens Fram-ekspedisjon (1893-1896) – og litteraturen i dens kjølvann.
Authors: Karlsen Silje Solheim , Thisted Kirsten , Gimnes Steinar 
Published: October 2015

Doktordisputas 27. januar 2012. Fakultet for humaniora, samfunnsvitenskap og lærerutdanning. Universitetet i TromsøAvhandlingen er å finne i Munin, http://munin.uit.no/handle/10037/3796.Dette er den fullstendige PDF-filen med prosjektets bakgrunn, 1. og 2. opponent og svaret fra doktoranden (red. anm.).
Rearticulating the Experience of War in Anonyma: Eine Frau in Berlin
Authors: Pötzsch Holger 
Published: October 2015

Situating itself in the field of cultural memory studies, this article traces the slow emergence in German historical discourse of the narrative of an anonymous German woman who survived the Soviet occupation of Berlin in 1945. I will, firstly, conceptualize the historical condition of the Anonyma as a precarious liminal sphere of transition between competing sovereignties that dislodged her political status as citizen and reconstituted her as bare life in the sense of Agamben. Secondly, I direct focus to the relationship between the personal story of the Anonyma and a historical Master narrative pertaining to the period.The article argues for a close connection between the woman’s form of resistance that aimed at replacing unchecked rape with a form of coerced prostitution to reassert limited control over the borders of her body, and the negative reception her diary received after a first publication in Germany in 1959. Her story implicitly challenges a hegemonic discourse of war that treats mass rape as mainly an assault on the nation’s male defenders and that silences the victims’ traumatic experiences with reference to collective guilt and individual shame or treason.
Førstefødtlæstadianernes selvrepresentasjon. En analyse av to brosjyrer
Authors: Andreassen Bengt-Ove 
Published: October 2015

In 1992 and 2010 the group within the Laestadian tradition labeled “the firstborns” or “the firstborn group” published brochures in which they express their beliefs and identity. Using a discourse analytical approach the article aims to examine the Firstborn’s selfrepresentation in these brochures. A goal is to investigate whether or not the Firstborn self-representation has changed in the period between the two brochures. A main argument is that the group’s mediation and way of representing themselves in 2010 is characterized by a new use of established concepts which point to a possible secession from the Norwegian State Church and the establishment of a separate independent religious organization.
Ei lita bok biter seg fast. Wanny Woldstads fangstmannsberetning
Authors: Hauan Marit Anne 
Published: October 2015

<p>A little book bites stuck. A trapper biography of Wanny Woldstad.</p><p>Wanny Woldstad, who still is a well-known polar hero and made more and more famous the last decades through theater plays, songs and writings, wintered over at Svalbard as a trapper and hunter from 1932-37. She left her job as a taxi driver in Tromsø for a tiny little hut and a hunter’s life in Hornsund together with a man she just met. Nearly 20 years after returning to the civilization she wrote a book about her polar experience. Wintering as trappers and hunters seems to have also in a literary project and a lot of trappers have told them polar stories between book covers.</p><p>Woldstad writes mainly about her first wintering. She is able to share that she in this first year was overwhelmed by her new surroundings; she was thrilled by the opportunity to hunt birds, foxes and polar bears. She describes enthusiastically nature and the hunting situations. Even everyday activities as making food, celebrating Christmas and writing diary are topics. In her book she gives credit to her partner as a teacher and mentor in the field of hunting and trapping. But through her writing she brings her own competence and capabilities in focus. Her book gives a profound knowledge of a year in on hunting station on Svalbard. It is written as a true story – an autobiography although retrospective, but has its elements of fiction.</p>
Persuading through pity and fear: Aristotle’s account of the emotions in the Rhetoric
Authors: Lauritzen Espen Andrè 
Published: October 2015

<p>The aim of this paper is to examine what has commonly been perceived as a discrepancy between the generally pragmatic or amoral tone of the <em>Rhetoric</em> and Aristotle’s preoccupation with normative questions elsewhere in his works, including in the opening chapter of the Rhetoric itself. I suggest an interpretation that allows for this discrepancy to be avoided. When Aristotle warns against emotional influence in Rhetoric 1.1, this statement must be seen in context with his critique of previous writers of rhetorical handbooks. By looking at other historical sources to the rhetorical practice that Aristotle appears to criticize, we can better understand what the critique is really about. I argue that this historical context makes plausible an understanding of Aristotle’s critique as being directed towards a specific practice in the contemporary judicial practice, namely, that of trying to influence emotionally by means that are foreign to the argument. My main sources in establishing this historical context are Plato’s <em>Apology</em> and Lycurgus’ <em>Against Leocrates</em>. Reading Aristotle’s text in light of the judicial practice of the time offers an alternative understanding ridding us of the apparent contradiction. I suggest that it is the manner in which the emotional influence is made that is is essential. What Aristotle is warning against is emotional influence that is foreign to the subject matter; the critique is directed against influencing through establishing <em>ethos</em> or producing <em>pathos</em> without this having any con­nection to <em>logos</em>. By seeking a reading where the emotions can be understood as saying something genuine about the situation, something that without the emotions could not be properly understood, the apparent discrepancy in Aristotle can be resolved.</p>
“First I was an explorer; then I was an artist.” Robert J. Flaherty som fotograf
Authors: Skare Roswitha 
Published: October 2015

<p align="left">Robert J. Flaherty is today best known for his films, and especially for his first film Nanook of the North <em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">(1922). In discussions about the early years of Flaherty’s career </span></span></em>there has been much emphasis on Flaherty as a man with little formal education, a self- made man and an explorer. Flaherty’s statement “First I was an explorer; then I was an artist” is quoted over and over again. In this article I take a closer look at the early years of Flaherty’s career, the years before the premiere of <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">Nanook </span></em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">and his </span></span>reputation as a filmmaker. I discuss the photographs taken by Flaherty on his first expeditions in the years before 1915 focusing on the use and reuse of these photographs in different contexts like newspapers, journals and books. Finally, I also discuss whether these photographs, and especially two of the portraits that are used repeatedly, are only ethnographic or artistic as well.</p>
Subjektiv skriving med utgangspunkt i psykisk helsearbeid
Authors: Fagerland Tone 
Published: October 2015

<p><em>When writing a scientific essay, it is necessary for the author herself to be visible. In the case of writing in and about mental health work, this means that the intuitive perspective of the writer/practitioner be attended to. The aim of this process is the development of theory that is grounded in reflection upon lived experience and the narratives of practice. In this sense, it is perhaps necessary to take up a perspective informed by the human sciences since this perspective is one that can fully make space for the ethical, aesthetic and empirical considerations.</em></p>
«Ambulant akutteam - Et sikkerhetsbelte for mennesker i psykisk krise?»
Authors: Knudsen Gullslett Monika , Karlsson Bengt , Forinder Ulla , Borg Marit 
Published: October 2015

<p><em>The objective of this study is to contribute with in-depth knowledge based on persons’ subjective experiences within mental health crisis and support and help from a Crisis Resolution/Home Treatment (CR/HT) team. The study has a qualitative, exploratory design and qualitative interviews were conducted with seven persons. They have experiences with both inpatient treatment in hospitals and support from a CR/HT teams. The informants revealed a variety of experiences as service users in the different helping contexts. The experiences of the CR/HT team’s accessibility, availability and flexibility, was highlighted as important. The Service users felt they were taken more seriously and met as a fellow human being in the home setting as opposed to hospital ward. The informants also emphasized how the CR/HT team helped them to feel more safe and secure. This study offers some in-depth insights of being on the receiving end of mental health services. It is important to include experience based user knowledge in the evidence base of practice development.</em></p>
Samarbeid mellom frivillig sektor og kommunale tjenester på pleie- og omsorgsfeltet. En kvalitativ studie
Authors: Solbjør Marit , Ljunggren Birgitte , Kleiven Hanne Hestvik 
Published: October 2015

<p><em>Cooperation between third sector and municipal health care services – a qualitative study</em></p><p><em>Municipal health care services are facing challenges due to an increasing number of individuals in need of care, combined with demographic change. More unpaid voluntary work within health care services has been put forward as a solution. Cooperation between volunteers and municipal health authorities can be challenging. This qualitative interview study with seven volunteers and six health care service managers explore experiences with cooperation between third sector and health care services in seven Norwegian regional municipalities. Facilitators for cooperation were predictable economy, municipal coordination, recruitment of volunteers and personal engagement among cooperating parties. Lack of these factors hampered cooperation. Professional expectations towards volunteers were another challenge. In small communities local networks may contribute to recruitment of volunteers and simplify communication between parties. Cooperation towards a common goal may reinforce local identity. This article shows how such cooperation develops in-between formal and informal structures. </em></p>
Contribution of brown carbon and lensing to the direct radiative effect of carbonaceous aerosols from biomass and biofuel burning emissions
Authors: Saleh Rawad , Marks Marguerite , Heo Jinhyok , Adams Peter J. , Donahue Neil M. , Robinson Allen L. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe present global direct radiative effect (DRE) calculations of carbonaceous aerosols emitted from biomass/biofuel burning addressing the interplay between two poorly constrained contributions to DRE: mixing state of black carbon (lensing) and light absorption by organic aerosol (OA) due to the presence of brown carbon (BrC). We use the parameterization of Saleh et al. (2014) which captures the variability in biomass/biofuel OA absorption. The global mean effect of OA absorption is +0.22 W/m2 and +0.12 W/m2 for externally and internally mixed cases, while the effect of lensing is +0.39 W/m2 and +0.29 W/m2 for nonabsorbing and absorbing OA cases, signifying the nonlinear interplay between OA absorption and lensing. These two effects can be overestimated if not treated simultaneously in radiative transfer calculations. The combined effect of OA absorption and lensing increases the global mean DRE of biomass/biofuel aerosols from −0.46 W/m2 to +0.05 W/m2 and appears to reduce the gap between existing model‐based and observationally constrained DRE estimates. We observed a strong sensitivity to these parameters in key regions, where DRE shifts from strongly negative (< −1 W/m2) to strongly positive (> +1 W/m2) when accounting for lensing and OA absorption.
Diploic vessels and computed tomography: Segmentation and comparison in modern humans and fossil hominids
Authors: Rangel de Lázaro Gizéh , de la Cuétara José Manuel , Píšová Hana , Lorenzo Carlos , Bruner Emiliano 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe diploic channels appear to be more developed in humans than in nonhuman primates, suggesting they may be relevant in evolutionary biology. This study is aimed at providing a segmentation procedure for diploic channels and CT analysis, a quantitative description of their variation in modern humans, and paleoanthropological case‐studies.Materials and MethodsCT data were used for the 2D and 3D visualization, rendering, and measure, of diploic channels in modern and fossil hominids. We analyzed 20 modern human skulls and three Neanderthals. The effect of different resolution factors was evaluated. A specific protocol was designed to segment the vascular network and localize the main branches, reducing the noise of the cancellous bone.ResultsWe provide a quantitative description of the frontal, parietal, and occipital diploic networks in modern humans and in three Neanderthals. There is a correlation in the degree of vascularization among the different vault areas. No side differences can be detected. The diploic network is commonly connected with the meningeal artery at the temporal fossa, with the emissary veins at the occipital bone, and with the venous sinuses at the parieto‐occipital areas. The channels are more developed in the parietal areas. The three Neanderthals show a vascular development, which is in the lower range of the modern human variation.ConclusionsModern humans display a large variation in their morphological patterns, being the parietal area the most vascularized. The pattern of the diploic channels may be relevant in anthropology, medicine, and paleontology, taking into account their possible involvement in thermoregulation. Am J Phys Anthropol 159:313–324, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Individual variation in fathers’ testosterone reactivity to infant distress predicts parenting behaviors with their 1‐year‐old infants
Authors: Kuo Patty X. , Saini Ekjyot K. , Thomason Elizabeth , Schultheiss Oliver C. , Gonzalez Richard , Volling Brenda L. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTPositive father involvement is associated with positive child outcomes. There is great variation in fathers’ involvement and fathering behaviors, and men's testosterone (T) has been proposed as a potential biological contributor to paternal involvement. Previous studies investigating testosterone changes in response to father–infant interactions or exposure to infant cues were unclear as to whether individual variation in T is predictive of fathering behavior. We show that individual variation in fathers’ T reactivity to their infants during a challenging laboratory paradigm (Strange Situation) uniquely predicted fathers’ positive parenting behaviors during a subsequent father–infant interaction, in addition to other psychosocial determinants of paternal involvement, such as dispositional empathy and marital quality. The findings have implications for understanding fathering behaviors and how fathers can contribute to their children's socioemotional development. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 58: 303–314, 2016.
Bouts of steps: The organization of infant exploration
Authors: Cole Whitney G. , Robinson Scott R. , Adolph Karen E. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTAdults primarily walk to reach a new location, but why do infants walk? Do infants, like adults, walk to travel to a distant goal? We observed 30 13‐month‐old and 30 19‐month‐old infants during natural walking in a laboratory playroom. We characterized the bout structure of walking—when infants start and stop walking—to examine why infants start and stop walking. Locomotor activity was composed largely of brief spurts of walking. Half of 13‐month‐olds' bouts and 41% of 19‐month‐olds' bouts consisted of three or fewer steps—too few to carry infants to a distant goal. Most bouts ended in the middle of the floor, not at a recognizable goal. Survival analyses of the distribution of steps per bout indicated that the probability of continuing to walk was independent of the length of the ongoing bout; infants were just as likely to stop walking after five steps as after 50 steps and they showed no bias toward bouts long enough to carry them across the room to a goal. However, 13‐month‐olds showed an increased probability of stopping after 1–3 steps, and they did not initiate walking more frequently to compensate for their surfeit of short bouts. We propose that infants' natural walking is not intentionally directed at distant goals; rather, it is a stochastic process that serves exploratory functions. Relations between the bout structure of walking and other measures of walking suggest that locomotor exploration is constrained by walking skill in younger infants, but not in older infants. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 58: 341–354, 2016.
Placental Mesenchymal Dysplasia
Authors: Ernst Linda M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis is an updated review of the recently described entity, placental mesenchymal dysplasia, which has been shown to have recognizable antenatal characteristics, distinctive gross and microscopic pathologic findings, associated fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, and unique pathogenic mechanisms. Recent understanding of the frequently associated genotype, androgenetic biparental mosaicism, is reviewed and the spectrum of changes discussed.
Order flow imbalance effects on the German stock market
Authors: Hanke Michael , Weigerding Michael 
Published: October 2015

AbstractOrder flow imbalance refers to the difference between market buy and sell orders during a given period. This paper is the first study to examine effects of order flow imbalance on returns of stocks traded on the German Xetra trading system on a daily basis. In contrast to previous studies on other markets, we control for unobserved effects using a fixed-effects panel regression. For the concurrent (or conditional) relation between order imbalance and returns, our results confirm those of the literature. For the question of return predictability from past order imbalances (unconditional relation), our results are partly confirmatory. In addition, we provide evidence for size and liquidity effects and analyze changes in imbalance effects during the financial crisis.
Depressive symptoms, anxiety and academic motivation in youth: Do schools and families make a difference?
Authors: Elmelid Andrea , Stickley Andrew , Lindblad Frank , Schwab‐Stone Mary , Henrich Christopher C. , Ruchkin Vladislav 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThis longitudinal study aimed to examine the association between depressive and anxiety symptoms and academic motivation by gender, and whether positive school and family factors would be associated with academic motivation, in spite of the presence of such symptoms. Study participants were predominantly economically disadvantaged youths aged 13–15 years in a Northeastern US urban public school system. The Social and Health Assessment (SAHA) served as the basis for a survey undertaken in 2003 and 2004 with information being used from students who participated at both time points (N = 643). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that depressive symptoms were negatively associated with academic motivation, while anxiety was positively related to academic motivation in both genders. Teacher support, school attachment and parental control were positively related to academic motivation even in the presence of internalizing problems. The negative association of depressive symptoms with academic motivation may be potentially decreased by attachment to school.
Brief report: Physical health of adolescent perpetrators of sibling aggression
Authors: Tucker Corinna Jenkins , Van Gundy Karen , Sharp Erin Hiley , Rebellon Cesar 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTWe describe adolescents' perpetration of sibling aggression and its link to physical health two years later. In‐school surveys at Time 1 (N = 331) and Time 2 (two‐years later, N = 283) were administered to adolescents (at Time 1, Mage = 15.71 years, SD = .63; 52% female) living in the United States querying about perpetration of aggression toward a sibling closest in age and perceived physical health. The majority of adolescents perpetrated aggression towards their sibling (74%). Adolescents who were part of brother–brother pairs reported the most aggression. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that perpetrating sibling aggression more often at Time 1 was predictive of lower physical health at Time 2 controlling for Time 1 physical health and demographic characteristics. Perpetration of aggression toward a sibling is common and has negative health consequences in late adolescence suggesting this issue should be targeted to improve adolescents' sibling dynamics and physical health.
Bidirectional associations between perceived parental support for violent and nonviolent responses and early adolescent aggressive and effective nonviolent behaviors
Authors: Garthe Rachel C. , Sullivan Terri N. , Larsen Ross A. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe current study examined bidirectional relations between early adolescents' perceptions of parental support for violent and nonviolent responses to conflict and their aggressive and effective nonviolent behaviors six months later. Data was collected across the sixth and seventh grades for 520 adolescents at three middle schools in the southeastern United States. At baseline, participants were ages 10–14 (M = 11.29). Longitudinal path models showed that perceived parental support for violent responses was negatively associated with effective nonviolent behaviors and positively associated with aggressive behaviors across sixth and seventh grades. Across seventh grade, reciprocal negative relations were found between perceived parental support of nonviolent responses and aggressive behaviors. Effective nonviolent behaviors were positively associated with perceived parental support for nonviolent responses. Study implications include the importance of adolescent perceptions of parental support of violent and nonviolent responses in influencing early adolescents' effective nonviolent and aggressive behavior.