bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between heparin sensitivity index and postoperative blood loss in Chinese patients undergoing elective off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: a single center retrospective study
Authors: Jia Bin , Ding Chenying , Deng Jinhe , Qi Wenhui , Yao Yuntai ,   The Evidence in Cardiovascular Anesthesia Group
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The heparin sensitivity index (HSI) is closely associated with perioperative ischemic events and increased blood loss in cardiac surgery. Previous studies have produced conflicting results. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between HSI and postoperative blood loss specifically in Chinese patients undergoing elective off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB).

Methods
Patients underwent OPCAB between March 2021 and July 2022 were retrospectively included. Enrolled patients were classified into Low-HSI (HSILOW; HSI < 1.3) and Normal-HSI (HSINORM; HSI ≥ 1.3) groups. HSI = [(activated clotting time (ACT) after heparin) – (baseline ACT)] / [loading dose of heparin (IU/kg)]. Primary outcome included postoperative blood loss at 24 h. Secondary outcomes were total postoperative blood loss, transfusion requirement of red blood cell (RBC), fresh frozen plasma (FFP), platelet concentrates (PC), and other complications.

Results
We retrospectively analyzed 303 Chinese OPCAB patients. HSILOW group had higher preoperative platelet (PLT) count (221 × 109/L vs. 202 × 109/L; P = 0.041) and platelet crit (PCT) value (0.23% vs. 0.22%; P = 0.040) compared to HSINORM group. Two groups showed no significant differences in postoperative blood loss at 24 h (460 mL vs. 470 mL; P = 0.252), total blood loss (920 mL vs. 980 mL; P = 0.063), RBC transfusion requirement (3.4% vs. 3.1%; P = 1.000), FFP transfusion requirement (3.4% vs. 6.2%; P = 0.380), and other complications. Preoperative high PLT count was associated with low intraoperative HSI value (odds ratio: 1.006; 95% confidence interval: 1.002, 1.011; P = 0.008).

Conclusions
Intraoperative HSI value was not associated with postoperative blood loss in Chinese patients undergoing OPCAB. Preoperative high PLT count was an independent predictor of low intraoperative HSI value.
Panpipes: a pipeline for multiomic single-cell and spatial transcriptomic data analysis
Authors: Curion Fabiola , Rich-Griffin Charlotte , Agarwal Devika , Ouologuem Sarah , Rue-Albrecht Kevin , May Lilly , Garcia Giulia E. L. , Heumos Lukas , Thomas Tom , Lason Wojciech , Sims David , Theis Fabian J. , Dendrou Calliope A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSingle-cell multiomic analysis of the epigenome, transcriptome, and proteome allows for comprehensive characterization of the molecular circuitry that underpins cell identity and state. However, the holistic interpretation of such datasets presents a challenge given a paucity of approaches for systematic, joint evaluation of different modalities. Here, we present Panpipes, a set of computational workflows designed to automate multimodal single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analyses by incorporating widely-used Python-based tools to perform quality control, preprocessing, integration, clustering, and reference mapping at scale. Panpipes allows reliable and customizable analysis and evaluation of individual and integrated modalities, thereby empowering decision-making before downstream investigations.
Community health promotion and medical provision and impact on neonates (CHAMPION2) and support to rural India’s public education system and impact on numeracy and literacy scores (STRIPES2): an update to the study protocol (v 11) for a cluster randomised trial in Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Shivalli Siddharudha , Fazzio Ila , Frost Chris , Elbourne Diana , Magill Nicholas , Sharma Dropti , Shekhawat Sajjan Singh , Banerji Rukmini , Karnati Sridevi , Reddy Harshavardhan , Reddy Padmanabh , Nair Rakhi , Gopal Madan , Boone Peter 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
This update outlines amendments to the CHAMPION2/STRIPES2 cluster randomised trial protocol primarily made due to the COVID-19 pandemic and nationwide lockdown in India in 2020. These amendments were in line with national guidelines for health research during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We did not change the original trial design, eligibility, and outcomes. Amendments were introduced to minimise the risk of COVID-19 transmission and ensure safety and wellbeing of trial staff, participants, and other villagers. CHAMPION2 intervention: participatory learning and action (PLA) and fixed day service (FDS) meeting were revised to incorporate social distancing and hygiene precautions. During the COVID-19 pandemic, PLA participation was limited to pregnant women and birthing partners. STRIPES2 intervention: before/after-school classes were halted for a period and then modified temporarily (reducing class sizes, and/or changing meeting places) with hygiene and safe distancing practices introduced. Data collection: The research team gathered as much information as possible from participants by telephone. If the participant had no telephone or could not be contacted by telephone, data were collected in person. COVID-19 precautions: trial teams were trained on COVID-19 precautions and used personal protective equipment whilst in the villages for trial-related activities.
After restarting the trial between June and September 2020 in a phased manner, some trial activities were suspended again in all the trial villages from April to June 2021 due to the second wave of COVID-19 cases and lockdown imposed in Satna, Madhya Pradesh. Trial timelines were also revised, with outcomes measured later than originally planned.

Trial registration
Clinical Trial Registry of India CTRI/2019/05/019296. Registered 23 May 2019.
https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?EncHid=MzExOTg=&Enc=&userName=champion2.
Application of signal processing techniques for the spectroscopic analysis of dolutegravir and lamivudine: a comparative assessment and greenness appraisal
Authors: Alnemari Reem M. , Abdelazim Ahmed H. , Almalki Atiah H. , Alqahtani Arwa S. , Alaqel Saleh I. , Alsulami Fahad T. , Serag Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHIV treatment has greatly improved over the years, with the introduction of antiretroviral drugs that target the virus and suppress its replication. Dolutegravir and lamivudine are two such antiretroviral drugs that are commonly used in HIV treatment regimens. Herein, three spectrophotometric methods manipulating ratio spectra were developed for the simultaneous analysis of dolutegravir and lamivudine in their binary mixtures. These methods include mathematical processing stages like ratio difference method or signal processing approaches such as the first derivative of the ratio spectra, and continuous wavelet transform. The developed spectrophotometric methods exploit the characteristic spectral differences between dolutegravir and lamivudine in order to quantify them simultaneously. These methods have shown promising results in terms of sensitivity and selectivity as validated per the ICH guidelines. Moreover, these methods offer a straightforward and economical alternative to more intricate analytical methodologies like high-performance liquid chromatography. By incorporating the analytical eco-scale and AGREE for greenness evaluation of the proposed methods, we can further ensure that these techniques are effective and environmentally friendly, aligning with the principles of green chemistry. This evaluation will provide a comprehensive understanding of the environmental friendliness of these spectrophotometric methods in pharmaceutical analysis.
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated 4 protein expression is associated with a high international prognostic score in advanced-stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Pangaribuan Flora Dameria , Ham Maria Francisca , Mutmainnah Mutiah , Harahap Agnes Stephanie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
Twenty percent of all classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) cases relapse and recur, especially in advanced stages with a high International Prognostic Score (IPS). Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) is a regulatory molecule that can inhibit the immune response and is related to tumor aggressiveness. This study aimed to determine the relationship between CTLA-4 expression in advanced-stage CHL and IPS, identifying it as a potential therapy target.

Results
In advanced-stage CHL, the group with a high IPS exhibited significantly higher mean CTLA-4 expression compared to the group with a low IPS (p = 0.003).The group with Hb level < 10.5 g/dl, leukocyte count > 15,000/µL, lymphocyte count < 8%, albumin level < 4 g/dl, and stage 4 exhibited higher CTLA-4 expression than the other group, although only leukocyte count and stage showed statistical significance (p = 0.004 and p = 0.020). Mean CTLA-4 expression was 239.84 ± 76.36 for nodular sclerosis, 293.95 ± 147.94 for mixed cellularity, 271.4 ± 23.56 for lymphocyte depleted, and 225.2 for lymphocyte-rich subtypes. The results suggest that CTLA-4 expression is associated with adverse prognostic factors in the IPS for advanced-stage CHL, supporting the notion that immune checkpoints play a role in cancer progression.
The roles of neural stem cells in myelin regeneration and repair therapy after spinal cord injury
Authors: Li Chun , Luo Yuping , Li Siguang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a complex tissue injury that results in a wide range of physical deficits, including permanent or progressive disabilities of sensory, motor and autonomic functions. To date, limitations in current clinical treatment options can leave SCI patients with lifelong disabilities. There is an urgent need to develop new therapies for reconstructing the damaged spinal cord neuron-glia network and restoring connectivity with the supraspinal pathways. Neural stem cells (NSCs) possess the ability to self-renew and differentiate into neurons and neuroglia, including oligodendrocytes, which are cells responsible for the formation and maintenance of the myelin sheath and the regeneration of demyelinated axons. For these properties, NSCs are considered to be a promising cell source for rebuilding damaged neural circuits and promoting myelin regeneration. Over the past decade, transplantation of NSCs has been extensively tested in a variety of preclinical models of SCI. This review aims to highlight the pathophysiology of SCI and promote the understanding of the role of NSCs in SCI repair therapy and the current advances in pathological mechanism, pre-clinical studies, as well as clinical trials of SCI via NSC transplantation therapeutic strategy. Understanding and mastering these frontier updates will pave the way for establishing novel therapeutic strategies to improve the quality of recovery from SCI.
Existence of positive periodic solutions for Liénard equation with a singularity of repulsive type
Authors: Zhu Yu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the existence of positive periodic solutions is studied for Liénard equation with a singularity of repulsive type, $$ x''(t)+f(x(t))x'(t)+\varphi (t)x^{\mu}(t)-\frac{1}{x^{\gamma}(t)}=e(t), $$

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“It’s like building a new person”: lived experience perspectives on eating disorder recovery processes
Authors: LaMarre Andrea , Hellner Megan , Silverstein Scout , Baker Jessica H. , Urban Bek , Yourell Jacqlyn , Wolfe Hannah , Perry Taylor , Steinberg Dori 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Deeply engaging with the expertise of those who have experienced or supported someone with an eating disorder can add to a growing body of knowledge about recovery processes. In this qualitative study, we sought to explore and generate nuanced understandings of recovery experiences of people with a lived ED experience (first hand or as a caregiver) who were working as mentors in the field. To do this, we focused on changes that occur in personality, traits, and interests over the course of an eating disorder and into recovery.

Method
We conducted semi-structured interviews with 27 people with an eating disorder history, either through personal lived experience (n = 14) or as a caregiver of a loved one with an eating disorder (n = 13). We undertook a reflexive thematic analysis of the data through a critical realist lens.

Results
We developed three themes, which illustrate the nonlinearity, relationality, and systemically linked nature of changes across experiences of having and recovering from an eating disorder. The first theme focuses on expansion; participants described how their worlds got bigger as they explored who they were becoming and discovered new ways of living in line with their values. The second theme emphasizes the balance between support and autonomy participants described as important for enabling change to occur across the recovery process. The last theme highlights the ways in which changes throughout the recovery process entwined with systemic factors, including actively pushing back against diet culture and weight stigma.

Conclusions
Participants’ stories highlight interactions between individual, relational, and societal shifts that occur throughout the course of an ED and into recovery. They support ongoing calls to orient to ED recovery as situated within a broader social milieu, which invites us to build supportive environments to enable expansion and flourishing.
Relationship between childhood trauma and non-suicidal self-injury in high school students: the mediating role of the stress perception and the moderating role of teacher-student relationship
Authors: Liu Yilin , Fang Yuan , Chen Yuanling , Qin Fuyi , Li Xinrui , Feng Ruibin , Luo Xinyu , Wen Jia , Chen Yatang , Teng Zhaowei , Zeng Yong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study delves into the correlation between childhood trauma and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors among high school students. Additionally, it examines the mediating role of stress perception and the moderating role of the teacher-student relationship in this association. A questionnaire survey was administered to 1,329 high school students in Yunnan Province to assess childhood trauma, NSSI behaviors, and stress perception. Firstly, the survey revealed a 12% prevalence of NSSI, with girls exhibiting a higher occurrence compared to boys (OR = 0.413, 95% CI: 0.280–0.609). Secondly, childhood trauma emerged as a significant predictor of NSSI behavior, irrespective of gender or whether the individual was an only child (r = 0.17, P < 0.01). Thirdly, stress perception functioned as a mediator in the relationship between childhood trauma and NSSI among high school students (t = 4.65, P < 0.01). The mediation effect occupies 26.56% of the total effect. Furthermore, the teacher-student relationship moderated the mediating effect of stress perception on the link between childhood trauma and NSSI (β = 0.0736, P < 0.01). Notably, individuals with strong teacher-student relationships exhibited a significant elevation in stress perception upon exposure to childhood trauma. The findings of this study support a moderated mediation model in the association between childhood trauma and NSSI, suggesting profound implications for the development of targeted interventions and prevention strategies among high school students.
Pharmacokinetics of piperaquine and its association with intermittent malaria preventive therapy outcomes during pregnancy
Authors: Mlugu Eulambius M. , Minzi Omary M.S. , Johansson Mats , Kamuhabwa Appolinary A. R. , Aklillu Eleni 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHP) recently showed superior effectiveness over sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for malaria intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp). We investigated day 7 piperaquine pharmacokinetics and its therapeutic efficacy in preventing malaria during pregnancy.

Methods
Malaria-free (mRDT) pregnant women (n = 400) who received monthly IPTp-DHP were enrolled and followed till delivery. Day 7 Plasma piperaquine concentrations were determined after each IPTp dose using UPLC/MS/MS. IPTp outcomes (symptomatic malaria and parasitemia during pregnancy, placental malaria, and maternal malaria at delivery) were monitored. Linear mixed model and Cox regression were used to assess predictors of day 7 piperaquine concentration and treatment outcome, respectively.

Results
The incidences of symptomatic malaria and parasitemia during pregnancy per 100 person-year at risk were 2 and 33, respectively. The prevalence of histopathologically confirmed placental malaria and maternal malaria at delivery were 3% and 9.8%, respectively. Repeated monthly IPTp-DHP resulted in significantly increased day 7 plasma piperaquine concentration (p < 0.001). Following the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd monthly IPTp-DHP doses, the proportions of women with day 7 piperaquine concentration below the therapeutic threshold (< 30 ng/mL) were 6.1%, 4.1% and 3.6%, respectively. Factors such as maternal age, body weight and trimester were not significant predictors of day 7 piperaquine concentration. However, having a low day 7 piperaquine plasma concentration (< 30 ng/mL) was significantly associated with a higher risk of parasitemia during pregnancy (p = 0.004).

Conclusion
Lower day 7 piperaquine plasma concentration is a risk factor for parasitemia during pregnancy. Single plasma sampling at day 7 can be used to monitor piperaquine effectiveness during IPTp-DHP.

Trial registration
Registered 09/12/2016, PACTR201612001901313.
Impact of tracheostomy tube modalities on ventilatory mechanics: a bench study
Authors: Combret Yann , Machefert Margaux , Prieur Guillaume , Fresnel Emeline , Artaud-Macari Elise , Lamia Bouchra , Lebret Marius , Medrinal Clément 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Tracheostomized patients often present with muscle weakness, altered consciousness, or swallowing difficulties. Hence, the literature is scarce regarding the challenging management of tracheostomy weaning. There is a need to strengthen the understanding of respiratory mechanisms with the different tracheostomy tube modalities that compose this weaning pathway. We aimed to evaluate the impact of these modalities on the work of breathing (WOB), total positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPtot), and tidal volume (VT).

Methods
With a three-dimensional (3D) printed head mimicking human upper airways, we added a tracheal extension, and pierced to allow insertion of a size 7.0 tracheostomy cannula. The whole was connected to an artificial lung. Three lung mechanics were simulated (normal, obstructive and restrictive). We compared five different tracheostomy tube modalities to a control scenario in which the tube was capped and the cuff was deflated.

Results
A marginal difference was observed on the WOB within conditions with a slight increase + 0.004 [95% CI (0.003–0.004); p < 0.001] when the cuff was inflated in the normal and restrictive models and a slight decrease in the obstructive model. The highest PEEPtot that was reached was + 1 cmH2O [95% CI (1–1.1); p < 0.001] with high-flow therapy (HFT) with the cuff inflated in the obstructive model. We observed a statistically significant reduction in VT [up to − 57 mL 95% CI (− 60 to − 54); p < 0.001] when the cuff was inflated, in both the normal and obstructive models.

Conclusions
Our results support the use of conditions that involve cuff deflation. Intermediate modalities with the cuff deflated produced similar results than cannula capping.
Crustal thickness variations beneath Egypt through gravity inversion and forward modeling: linking surface thermal anomalies and Moho topography
Authors: Bekhit Ahmed Mohamed , Sobh Mohamed , Abdel Zaher Mohamed , Abdel Fattah Tharwat , Diab Ahmed I. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aims to quantify the topography of the Moho boundary, the lower crust and uppermost mantle contact of Egypt, in order to estimate the crustal thickness variation and its link to the distribution of thermal anomalies under Egypt. This is accomplished by modeling satellite gravity, supported by the passive seismic constraints throughout Egypt. However, when estimating the thickness of the crust in Egypt using just seismic data, substantial uncertainty and deviation are produced due to the sparsely dispersed stations. Integrating seismic and gravity data minimizes uncertainty and improves estimate accuracy. The investigation is broken down into four stages, the first involving utilizing the Sentinel-3B satellite to create land surface temperature maps. The subsequent steps consist of gravity and seismic data adjustments, inversion and forward modeling. We used seismically restricted nonlinear inversion to look at Goco06s satellite gravity data to model the Moho’s topographic surface. The data gathered from deep seismic refraction and receiver functions adjusted the analyzed data. The inversion process relies on the adapted Bott's approach and Tikhonov regularization, using the assumption of the sphericity of the Earth planet. Reference values for depth of Moho and density contrast were set at 35 km and 500 kg/m3, respectively. The average statistical difference for Moho depth between gravity-based model and seismic data is − 0.10 km. Through forward gravity modeling, five gravity profiles were chosen and interpreted in 2.5D models. The results indicated that the Moho depth in the south varies from 35 to 39 km and decreases in the north and the Mediterranean. In upper Egypt, the highest Moho depth is 39 km. The depth varies beneath the Sinai Peninsula as it is about 35 km in its south, reaches 30 km in the northern portion, and ranges along the Red Sea’s Rift Margin from 29 to 32 km. Moreover, the final model shows the relation between Moho coincides with the surface temperature anomalies approved by satellite images and hot springs. The model reveals a correlation between Moho discontinuity and surface temperature anomalies, revealing the highest geothermal potential in a rectangular area in central Egypt, between latitudes 25°N and 30°N, based on satellite imagery and hot springs distribution.