bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostics of entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine in the context of information support for sustainable development of territories
Authors: Dymchenko Olena , Smachylo Valentyna , Rudachenko Olha , Tararuiev Iurii , Biletska Marharyta 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to use the tools of economic diagnostics to identify problems of entrepreneurship development in the regions of Ukraine and develop measures for state support of the private sector of the economy, which is especially important in the context of overcoming the consequences of hostilities and ensuring sustainable development of territories. In view of this, the aim of the article is to formulate recommendations for diagnosing the level of entrepreneurship development in the regions of Ukraine in the context of information support for sustainable development of territories. To achieve this goal, the article substantiates the criteria that characterize the regions of Ukraine, considering the main factors of entrepreneurship development. To generalize the primary information, the work uses the method of normalization, which made it possible to apply the method of integral assessment and determine the integral indicator of entrepreneurship development for each region. According to the results of the ranking of regions according to this criterion, the article identifies both regions with high business activity of business entities (Dnipropetrovsk, Kyiv, Lviv, Odesa and Kharkiv) and those that need state support in the field of organization of entrepreneurial activity (Ternopil, Sumy, Rivne, Chernihiv, Kherson, Chernivtsi, and Luhansk). According to the results of the study, a high level of disproportionality of entrepreneurship development in the regions of Ukraine has been identified, which is due to the centralization of financial, material, and intellectual resources at the present stage of development of the State. In practice, the key results of the study can be the basis for the development and improvement of the strategy for the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine at the regional level. The article also formulates the most important promising directions for studying the problems of entrepreneurship development at the regional level using methods of economic diagnostics in the context of sustainable development.
Rodgers the Musical “Auteur”
Authors: Block Geoffrey 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This second chapter on the music, “Rodgers the Musical ‘Auteur,’” considers all the music other than the songs. Mamoulian’s unusual idea of building a screenplay around a group of songs rather than the reverse was matched by his equally unusual, if not unprecedented, request that Rodgers also compose the instrumental numbers, especially the “Hunt” ballet, music for specific characters (leitmotivs), and underscoring (music underneath dialogue), rather than assigning these tasks to a studio staff arranger or composer. Fortunately, the Paramount Archives still has in its possession the Conductor’s Score manuscripts and sketch drafts for the instrumental numbers and underscoring. The “Hunt” ballet features a rapid visual and musical alteration between the dogs and the deer, each with its own theme (the latter strongly suggestive of a well-known ballet by Leo Delibes).
The Reception of Love Me Tonight from Its Time to Ours
Authors: Block Geoffrey 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The final chapter, “The Reception of Love Me Tonight from Its Time to Ours,” tries to explain how a critically well-regarded but unprofitable movie gradually evolved into a timeless classic. The chapter explores what critics and future directors liked about the movie in its time and since, and it tries to make sense of the dissonance between the astonishing acclaim it has received in film histories and its relative public obscurity until its belated resurfacing on DVD in 2003. Hugh Fordin was on to something when he wrote that the film’s director, Mamoulian, “is part of the lives of millions of people who have never heard of him.” Unlike most moviegoers, directors like Vincente Minnelli, Charles Walters, and Stanley Donen did know Mamoulian’s work, particularly Love Me Tonight, and were inspired by this film. They also learned from Mamoulian’s great directorial achievement with its superb score, well-constructed screenplay, top-notch acting ensemble, striking camera work, and invariably attractive and stylish art direction.
The Politics of Welfare in the Global South
Authors: Biswas Sattwick Dey , Sambo Cleopas Gabriel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter sets the foundation for a nuanced critique of welfare systems in the Global South, contrasting with the conventional frameworks and discourses rooted in the experiences of countries in the Organisation Economic Cooperation and Development. It examines the distinct evolution of systems of welfare in the Global South—as shaped by colonial histories, political contestation, and global economic trends, thereby emphasizing the complex relationship between political dynamics and welfare policies. The narrative problematizes the applicability of traditional welfare discourses to the South's realities, arguing for a context-sensitive analysis that fosters a more inclusive theorization and equitable practice of welfare to bridge global divides. The chapter critically addresses the challenges in defining social security, protection, and assistance in the Global South, arguing that these concepts are entangled with the global political economy and advocating for a broader, non-Western-centric understanding of welfare. Overall, the chapter provides an overview of the book’s contributions to the welfare discourses in the Global South, highlighting the influence of politics, state capacity and legitimacy, and the global aid apparatus on welfare in a context of ‘endemic corruption’ and economic informality. It calls for a reimagined approach to welfare that acknowledges the unique sociopolitical and economic contexts of the Global South within a universal grammar of the evolution of welfare.
What Kind of Welfare States are on the Rise in the Global South?
Authors: Øverbye Einar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Are welfare policy developments in the Global South driven by different political processes than welfare policy developments in the Global North, or can similar processes be identified in all countries? The chapter investigates welfare policy changes across countries, on the lookout for eventual converging tendencies. A differentiation is made between possible welfare convergence with regard to political goals, the choice of policies to pursue such goals, and welfare outcomes. The main conclusion is that convergence in welfare policy designs varies according to which design dimension stands in focus, while both welfare political goals and average welfare outcomes across countries show signs of global convergence.
Decentralization and its Impacts on Disability Service Delivery in China
Authors: He Biao , Halvorsen Rune , Ding Peng , Zhang Wanhong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Amidst the waves of neoliberalism diffused from the Global North, China and other countries in the Global South have adopted decentralization reforms since the 1980s as a strategic approach to drive economic development, improve administrative management, and enhance public service provision. However, empirical observations reveal a nuanced picture of the impacts on public service delivery. This chapter explores how the 1980s and 1990s decentralization reforms in China with its specific characteristics have influenced the disability service delivery by focusing on the provision of accessible government websites. Analyzing the stories of two Chinese municipalities, Wuhan and Shenzhen, this comparative case study identifies divergent outcomes in central-local disability policy transfer and subsequently disability service delivery across localities, arguably linked to the decentralization reforms in the last century. This chapter extends our understanding of the impacts of decentralization on both specific policy domins and societal progress in the Global South.
Wallace Stevens
Authors: Mlinko Ange 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Beginning in 1922, Wallace Stevens used annual business trips to Florida lasting two weeks to a month to escape the strictures of his decorous Connecticut life and his own exacting temperament. His friend, judge Arthur Powell of Atlanta, a fellow lawyer, served as his guide to Florida and introduced him to Key West, which led to the writing of some dozen poems about the subtropical landscape and weather across two landmark collections of American poetry: Harmonium (1923) and Ideas of Order (1935). The Floridian fantasy of freedom and fecundity emerges in such poems as “The Bird with the Coppery, Keen Claws” and “The Comedian as the Letter C” before reaching its apotheosis with “The Idea of Order at Key West,” one of the twentieth century’s best-known poems in English.
Bespoke instrumental variables with nonideal reference populations
Authors: Sjölander Arvid , Gabriel Erin E 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Recently, a bespoke instrumental variable method was proposed, which, under certain assumptions, can eliminate bias due to unmeasured confounding when estimating the causal exposure effect among the exposed. This method uses data from both the study population of interest and a reference population in which the exposure is completely absent. In this article, we extend the bespoke instrumental variable method to allow for a nonideal reference population that may include exposed individuals. Such an extension is particularly important in randomized trials with nonadherence, where even individuals in the control arm may have access to the treatment under investigation. We further scrutinize the assumptions underlying the bespoke instrumental method and caution the reader about the potential nonrobustness of the method to these assumptions.
Evaluation of the enzymatic properties of DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase M.ApeKI from archaea in the presence of metal ions
Authors: Hayashi Mao , Wada Yoshinari , Yamamura Akira , Inoue Hideki , Yamashita Naoya , Ichimura Shigetoshi , Iida Yasuhiro 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
We previously identified M.ApeKI from Aeropyum pernix K1 as a highly thermostable DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase. M.ApeKI uses the type II restriction-modification system (R-M system), among the best-studied R-M systems. Although endonucleases generally utilize Mg (II) as a cofactor, several reports have shown that MTases exhibit different reactions in the presence of metal ions. This study aim was to evaluate the enzymatic properties of DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase M.ApeKI from archaea in the presence of metal ions. We evaluated the influence of metal ions on the catalytic activity and DNA binding of M.ApeKI. The catalytic activity was inhibited by Cu (II), Mg (II), Mn (II), and Zn (II), each at 5 m m. DNA binding was more strongly inhibited by 5 m m Cu (II) and 10 m m Zn (II). To our knowledge, this is the first report showing that DNA binding of type II MTase is inhibited by metal ions.
BPP: a platform for automatic biochemical pathway prediction
Authors: Yi Xinhao , Liu Siwei , Wu Yu , McCloskey Douglas , Meng Zaiqiao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A biochemical pathway consists of a series of interconnected biochemical reactions to accomplish specific life activities. The participating reactants and resultant products of a pathway, including gene fragments, proteins, and small molecules, coalesce to form a complex reaction network. Biochemical pathways play a critical role in the biochemical domain as they can reveal the flow of biochemical reactions in living organisms, making them essential for understanding life processes. Existing studies of biochemical pathway networks are mainly based on experimentation and pathway database analysis methods, which are plagued by substantial cost constraints. Inspired by the success of representation learning approaches in biomedicine, we develop the biochemical pathway prediction (BPP) platform, which is an automatic BPP platform to identify potential links or attributes within biochemical pathway networks. Our BPP platform incorporates a variety of representation learning models, including the latest hypergraph neural networks technology to model biochemical reactions in pathways. In particular, BPP contains the latest biochemical pathway-based datasets and enables the prediction of potential participants or products of biochemical reactions in biochemical pathways. Additionally, BPP is equipped with an SHAP explainer to explain the predicted results and to calculate the contributions of each participating element. We conduct extensive experiments on our collected biochemical pathway dataset to benchmark the effectiveness of all models available on BPP. Furthermore, our detailed case studies based on the chronological pattern of our dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our platform. Our BPP web portal, source code and datasets are freely accessible at https://github.com/Glasgow-AI4BioMed/BPP.
Long-term adherence to a wearable for continuous behavioural activity measuring in the SafeHeart implantable cardioverter defibrillator population
Authors: Frodi Diana My , Kolk Maarten Z H , Langford Joss , Knops Reinoud , Tan Hanno L , Andersen Tariq Osman , Jacobsen Peter Karl , Risum Niels , Svendsen Jesper Hastrup , Tjong Fleur V Y , Diederichsen Søren Zöga 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims
Wearable health technologies are increasingly popular. Yet, wearable monitoring only works when devices are worn as intended, and adherence reporting lacks standardization. In this study, we aimed to explore the long-term adherence to a wrist-worn activity tracker in the prospective SafeHeart study and identify patient characteristics associated with adherence.

Methods and results
This study enrolled 303 participants, instructed to wear a wrist-worn accelerometer day and night for 6 months. Long-term adherence was defined as valid days (≥22 h of wear time) divided by expected days, and daily adherence as mean hours of wear time per 24 h period. Optimal, moderate, and low long-term and daily adherence groups were defined as long-term adherence above or below 95 and 75% and daily adherence above or below 90 and 75%. Regression models were used to identify patient characteristics associated with long-term adherence. In total, 296 participants [median age 64 years; interquartile range (IQR) 57–72; 19% female] were found eligible, yielding 44 003 days for analysis. The median long-term adherence was 88.2% (IQR 74.6–96.5%). A total of 83 (28%), 127 (42.9%), and 86 (29.1%) participants had optimal, moderate, and low long-term adherence, and 163 (55.1%), 87 (29.4%), and 46 (15.5%) had optimal, moderate, and low daily adherence, respectively. Age and smoking habits differed significantly between adherence levels, and increasing changeover intervals improved the degree of long-term adherence.

Conclusion
Long-term adherence to a wearable activity tracker was 88.2% over a 6-month period. Older age and longer changeover interval were positively associated with long-term adherence. This serves as a benchmark for future studies that rely on wearable devices.

Trial registration number
The National Trial Registration number: NL9218 (https://onderzoekmetmensen.nl/).
Association of accelerometer-derived physical activity with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with cardiovascular diseases: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Cao Zhi , Min Jiahao , Hou Yabing , Si Keyi , Wang Mingwei , Xu Chenjie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims
To investigate the association of accelerometer-measured intensity-specific physical activity (PA) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods and results
In this prospective cohort study, 8024 individuals with pre-existing CVD (mean age: 66.6 years, female: 34.1%) from the UK Biobank had their PA measured using wrist-worn accelerometers over a 7-day period in 2013–2015. All-cause, cancer, and CVD mortality was ascertained from death registries. Cox regression modelling and restricted cubic splines were used to assess the associations. Population-attributable fractions (PAFs) were used to estimate the proportion of preventable deaths if more PA was undertaken. During a median follow-up of 6.8 years, 691 deaths (273 from cancer and 219 from CVD) were recorded. An inverse non-linear association was found between PA duration and all-cause mortality risk, irrespective of PA intensity. The hazard ratio (HR) of all-cause mortality plateaued at 1800 min/week for light-intensity PA (LPA), 320 min/week for moderate-intensity PA (MPA), and 15 min/week for vigorous-intensity PA (VPA). The highest quartile of PA was associated with lower risks for all-cause mortality, with HRs of 0.63 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.51–0.79), 0.42 (0.33–0.54), and 0.47 (0.37–0.60) for LPA, MPA, and VPA, respectively. Similar associations were observed for cancer and CVD mortality. Additionally, the highest PAFs were noted for VPA, followed by MPA.

Conclusion
We found an inverse non-linear association between all intensities of PA (LPA, MPA, VPA, and MVPA) and mortality risk in CVD patients using accelerometer-derived data, but with a larger magnitude of the associations than that in previous studies based on self-reported PA.
Refinement of the Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella) reference genome increases continuity and completeness
Authors: Hench Kosmas , Vendrami David L J , Forcada Jaume , Hoffman Joseph I 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella) is an important top predator and indicator of the health of the Southern Ocean ecosystem. Although abundant, this species narrowly escaped extinction due to historical sealing and is currently declining as a consequence of climate change. Genomic tools are essential for understanding these anthropogenic impacts and for predicting long-term viability. However, the current reference genome (“arcGaz3”) shows considerable room for improvement in terms of both completeness and contiguity. We therefore combined PacBio sequencing, haplotype-aware HiRise assembly, and scaffolding based on Hi-C information to generate a refined assembly of the Antarctic fur seal reference genome (“arcGaz4_h1”). The new assembly is 2.53 Gb long, has a scaffold N50 of 55.6 Mb and includes 18 chromosome-sized scaffolds, which correspond to the 18 chromosomes expected in otariids. Genome completeness is greatly improved, with 23,408 annotated genes and a Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs score raised from 84.7% to 95.2%. We furthermore included the new genome in a reference-free alignment of the genomes of 11 pinniped species to characterize evolutionary conservation across the Pinnipedia using genome-wide Genomic Evolutionary Rate Profiling. We then implemented Gene Ontology enrichment analyses to identify biological processes associated with those genes showing the highest levels of either conservation or differentiation between the 2 major pinniped families, the Otariidae and Phocidae. We show that processes linked to neuronal development, the circulatory system, and osmoregulation are overrepresented both in conserved as well as in differentiated regions of the genome.
Evolution of the Genetic Code in the Ascoideales (CUG-Ser2) Yeast Clade: The Ancestral tRNA-Leu(CAG) Gene Is Retained in Most Saccharomycopsis Species but Is Nonessential and Not Used for Translation
Authors: Ó Cinnéide Eoin , Scaife Caitriona , Dillon Eugène T , Wolfe Kenneth H 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the yeast genera Saccharomycopsis and Ascoidea, which comprise the taxonomic order Ascoideales, nuclear genes use a nonstandard genetic code in which CUG codons are translated as serine instead of leucine, due to a tRNA-Ser with the unusual anticodon CAG. However, some species in this clade also retain an ancestral tRNA-Leu gene with the same anticodon. One of these species, Ascoidea asiatica, has been shown to have a stochastic proteome in which proteins contain ∼50% Ser and 50% Leu at CUG codon sites, whereas previously examined Saccharomycopsis species translate CUG only as Ser. Here, we investigated the presence, conservation, and possible functionality of the tRNA-Leu(CAG) gene in the genus Saccharomycopsis. We sequenced the genomes of 23 strains that, together with previously available data, include almost every known species of this genus. We found that most Saccharomycopsis species have genes for both tRNA-Leu(CAG) and tRNA-Ser(CAG). However, tRNA-Leu(CAG) has been lost in Saccharomycopsis synnaedendra and Saccharomycopsis microspora, and its predicted cloverleaf structure is aberrant in all the other Saccharomycopsis species. We deleted the tRNA-Leu(CAG) gene of Saccharomycopsis capsularis and found that it is not essential. Proteomic analyses in vegetative and sporulating cultures of S. capsularis and Saccharomycopsis fermentans showed only translation of CUG as Ser. Despite its unusual structure, the tRNA-Leu(CAG) gene shows evidence of sequence conservation among Saccharomycopsis species, particularly in its acceptor stem and leucine identity elements, which suggests that it may have been retained in order to carry out an unknown nontranslational function.
SIRT1-driven mechanism: sevoflurane’s interference with mESC neural differentiation via PRRX1/DRD2 cascade
Authors: Liu Feifei , Li Chenguang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Investigating the sevoflurane-induced perturbation in the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) into neural stem cells (mNSCs), our study delineates a novel SIRT1/PRRX1/DRD2/PKM2/NRF2 axis as a key player in this intricate process. Sevoflurane treatment hindered mESC differentiation, evidenced by altered expression patterns of pluripotency and neural lineage markers. Mechanistically, sevoflurane downregulated Sirt1, setting in motion a signaling cascade. Sevoflurane may inhibit PKM2 dimerization and NRF2 signaling pathway activation by inhibiting the expression of SIRT1 and its downstream genes Prrx1 and DRD2, ultimately inhibiting mESCs differentiation into mNSCs. These findings contribute to our understanding of the molecular basis of sevoflurane-induced neural toxicity, presenting a potential avenue for therapeutic intervention in sevoflurane-induced perturbation in the differentiation of mESCs into mNSCs by modulating the SIRT1/PRRX1/DRD2/PKM2/NRF2 axis.
Auxin response factors: important keys for understanding regulatory mechanisms of fleshy fruit development and ripening
Authors: Li Bai-Jun , Bao Ruo-Xuan , Shi Yan-Na , Grierson Donald , Chen Kun-Song 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Auxin response transcription factors (ARFs) form a large gene family, many of whose members operate at the final step of the auxin signaling pathway. ARFs participate directly in many aspects of plant growth and development. Here we summarize recent advances in understanding the roles of ARFs in regulating aspects of fleshy fruit development and ripening. ARFs play a crucial role in regulating fruit size, color, nutrients, texture, yield, and other properties that ultimately influence the ripening and quality of important crops such as tomato, apple, strawberry, and peach. ARFs impact these processes acting as positive, negative, or bidirectional regulators via phytohormone-dependent or -independent mechanisms. In the phytohormone-dependent pathway, ARFs act as a central hub linking interactions with multiple phytohormones generating diverse effects. The three domains within ARFs, namely the DNA-binding domain, the middle region, and the carboxy-terminal dimerization domain, exhibit distinct yet overlapping functions, contributing to a range of mechanisms mediated by ARFs. These findings not only provide a profound understanding of ARF functions, but also raise new questions. Further exploration can lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of fleshy fruit development and ripening mediated by ARFs.