bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimally Invasive Injectable Gel for Local Immunotherapy of Liver and Gastric Cancer
Authors: Si Xinghui , Ji Guofeng , Ma Sheng , Huang Zichao , Liu Taiyuan , Shi Zhiyuan , Zhang Yu , Li Jia , Song Wantong , Chen Xuesi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLocal immunotherapy represents a promising solution for preventing tumor recurrence and metastasis post tumor surgical resection by eliminating residue tumor cells as well as eliciting tumor‐specific immune responses. Minimally invasive surgery has become a mainstream surgical method worldwide due to its advantages of aesthetics and rapid postoperative recovery. Unfortunately, the currently reported local immunotherapy strategies are mostly designed to be used after open laparotomy, which go against the current surgical philosophy of minimally invasive therapy and is not suitable for clinical translation. Aiming at this problem, a minimally invasive injectable gel (MIGel) is herein reported loaded with immunotherapeutic agents for gastric and liver cancer postoperative treatment. The MIGel is formed by crosslinking between oxidized dextran (ODEX) and 4‐arm polyethylene glycol hydroxylamine (4‐arm PEG‐ONH2) through oxime bonds, which can be injected through a clinic‐used minimally invasive drainage tube and adhered tightly to the tissue. The loaded oxaliplatin (OxP) and resiquimod (R848) can be released constantly over two weeks and resulted in over 75% cure rate in orthotopic mouse gastric and liver cancer model. Collectively, a concept of minimally invasive local immunotherapy is proposed and MIGel is designed for local intraperitoneal cancer immunotherapy through minimally invasive surgery, with good clinical translation potential.
Ponicidin Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Mitochondrial Apoptosis by Stabilizing Keap1‐PGAM5 Complex
Authors: Zhao Bixin , Liang Zuhui , Zhang Lisheng , Jiang Lin , Xu Yuanhang , Zhang Ying , Zhang Rong , Wang Caiyan , Liu Zhongqiu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPonicidin is a diterpenoid with demonstrated antitumor activity in clinical trials. However, the specific function and mechanism of action against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown. In this study, it is found that ponicidin significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCC cells. It is shown that ponicidin targets Keap1 and promotes the formation of the Keap1‐PGAM5 complex, leading to the ubiquitination of PGAM5, using biotin‐labeled ponicidin for target fishing and the HuProtTM Human Proteome Microarray V4.0. Ponicidin is found to activate the cysteine‐dependent mitochondrial pathway via PGAM5, resulting in mitochondrial damage and ROS production, thereby promoting mitochondrial apoptosis in HepG2 cells. The first in vitro cocrystal structure of the PGAM5 IE 12‐mer peptide and the Keap1 Kelch domain is obtained. Using molecular dynamics simulations to confirm the binding of ponicidin to the Keap1‐PGAM5 complex. Based on the depth‐based dynamic simulation, it is found that ponicidin can induce the tightening of the Keap1‐PGAM5 interaction pocket, thereby stabilizing the formation of the protein complex. Finally, it is observed that ponicidin effectively inhibited tumor growth and promoted tumor cell apoptosis in a BALB/c nude mouse xenograft tumor model. The results provide insight into the anti‐HCC properties of ponicidin based on a mechanism involving the Keap1‐PGAM5 complex.
Centrifugal Inertia‐Induced Directional Alignment of AgNW Network for Preparing Transparent Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Films with Joule Heating Ability
Authors: Zhao Weijun , Dong Jingwen , Li Zhaoyang , Zhou Bing , Liu Chuntai , Feng Yuezhan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTransparent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding is highly desired in specific visual scenes, but the challenge remains in balancing their EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) and optical transmittance. Herein, this study proposed a directionally aligned silver nanowire (AgNW) network construction strategy to address the requirement of high EMI SE and satisfactory light transmittance using a rotation spraying technique. The orientation distribution of AgNW is induced by centrifugal inertia force generated by a high‐speed rotating roller, which overcomes the issue of high contact resistance in random networks and achieves high conductivity even at low AgNW network density. Thus, the obtained transparent conductive film achieved a high light transmittance of 72.9% combined with a low sheet resistance of 4.5 Ω sq−1 and a desirable EMI SE value of 35.2 dB at X band, 38.9 dB in the K‐band, with the highest SE of 43.4 dB at 20.4 GHz. Simultaneously, the excellent conductivity endowed the film with outstanding Joule heating performance and defogging/deicing ability, ensuring the visual transparency of windows when shielding electromagnetic waves. Hence, this research presents a highly effective strategy for constructing an aligned AgNW network, offering a promising solution for enhancing the performance of optical‐electronic devices.
Ice Nucleation Mechanisms on Platinum Surfaces in PEM Fuel Cells: Effects of Surface Morphology and Wettability
Authors: Wang Jiaqi , Fan Linhao , Li Lincai , Du Qing , Jiao Kui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the ice nucleation mechanism in the catalyst layers (CLs) of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells and inhibiting icing by designing the CLs can optimize the cold start strategies, which can enhance the performance of PEM fuel cells. Herein, mitigating the structural matching and templating effects by adjusting the surface morphology and wettability can inhibit icing on the platinum (Pt) catalyst surface effectively. The Pt(211) surface can inhibit icing because the atomic spacing of (211) crystalline surface is much larger than the characteristic distance of ice crystal, thereby mitigating the structural matching effects. A water overlayer on the Pt surface induced by the strong attraction of Pt can act as a template for ice layers and plays an important role in the icing process. Buckling of water overlayer due to the larger atomic spacing of (211) crystalline surface mitigates the templating effect and inhibits icing. Moreover, the water overlayer on the hydrophobic Pt(211) surface with fewer water molecules also mitigates the templating effect, which makes ice nucleation more difficult than homogeneous nucleation. These findings reveal the ice nucleation mechanisms on the Pt catalyst surface from the molecular level and are valuable for catalyst designs to inhibit icing in CL.
Mutant Huntingtin Drives Development of an Advantageous Brain Early in Life: Evidence in Support of Antagonistic Pleiotropy
Authors: Neema Mohit , Schultz Jordan L. , Langbehn Douglas R. , Conrad Amy L. , Epping Eric A. , Magnotta Vincent A. , Nopoulos Peggy C. 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveHuntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a triplet repeat expansion within the gene huntingtin (HTT). Antagonistic pleiotropy is a theory of aging that posits that some genes, facilitating individual fitness early in life through adaptive evolutionary changes, also augment detrimental aging‐related processes. Antagonistic pleiotropy theory may explain a positive evolutionary pressure toward functionally advantageous brain development that is vulnerable to rapid degeneration. The current study investigated antagonistic pleiotropy in HD using a years‐to‐onset paradigm in a unique sample of children and young adults at risk for HD.MethodsCognitive, behavioral, motor, and brain structural measures from premanifest gene‐expanded (n = 79) and gene nonexpanded (n = 112) participants (6–21 years) in the Kids‐HD study were examined. All measures in the gene‐expanded group were modeled using a mixed‐effects regression approach to assess years‐to‐onset‐based changes while controlling for normal growth. Simultaneously, structure–function associations were also examined.ResultsDecades from motor onset, gene‐expanded participants showed significantly better cognitive, behavioral, and motor scores versus gene nonexpanded controls, along with larger cerebral volumes and cortical features. After this initial peak, a prolonged deterioration was observed in both functional and structural measures. Far from onset, brain measures were positively correlated with functional measures, supporting the view that functional advantages were mediated by structural differences.InterpretationMutant HTT may drive the development of a larger than normal brain that subserves superior early‐life function. These findings support the antagonistic pleiotropy theory of HTT in HD, where this gene drives early advantage followed by accelerated aging processes. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:1006–1019
Highly Efficient Separation of Intermediate‐Size m‐Xylene from Xylenes via a Length‐Matched Metal–Organic Framework with Optimal Oxygen Sites Distribution
Authors: Wang Qingju , Li Yijian , Qiu Zhensong , Zhou Dengzhuo , Yang Lifeng , Suo Xian , Cui Xili , Xing Huabin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractXylene separation is crucial but challenging, especially for the preferential separation of the intermediate‐size m‐xylene from xylene mixtures. Herein, exploiting the differences in molecular length and alkyl distribution among xylenes, we present a length‐matched metal–organic framework, formulated as Al(OH)[O2C−C4H2O−CO2], featuring an effective pore size corresponding to m‐xylene molecular length combined with multiple negative O hydrogen bond donors distribution, can serve as a molecular trap for efficient preferential separation of the intermediate‐size m‐xylene. Benchmark separation performance was achieved for separating m‐xylene from a ternary mixture of m‐xylene/o‐xylene/p‐xylene, with simultaneous record‐high m‐xylene uptake (1.3 mmol g−1) and m‐xylene/p‐xylene selectivity (5.3) in the liquid‐phase competitive adsorption. Both vapor‐ and liquid‐phase fixed‐bed tests confirmed its practical separation capability with benchmark dynamic m‐xylene/p‐xylene and m‐xylene/o‐xylene selectivities, as well as excellent regenerability. The selective and strong m‐xylene binding affinity among xylene molecules was further elucidated by simulations, validating the effectiveness of such a pore environment for the separation of intermediate‐size molecules.
Coordination Desymmetrization of Copper Single‐Atom Catalyst for Efficient Nitrate Reduction
Authors: Gu Zhengxiang , Zhang Yechuan , Fu Yang , Hu Dandan , Peng Fang , Tang Yawen , Yang Huajun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCoordination engineering strategy for optimizing the catalytic performance of single‐atom catalysts (SACs) has been rapidly developed over the last decade. However, previous reports on copper SACs for nitrate reduction reactions (NO3RR) have mostly focused on symmetric coordination configurations such as Cu‐N4 and Cu‐N3. In addition, the mechanism in terms of the regulation of coordination environment and catalytic properties of SACs has not been well demonstrated. Herein, we disrupted the local symmetric structure of copper atoms by introducing unsaturated heteroatomic coordination of Cu−O and Cu−N to achieve the coordination desymmetrization of Cu‐N1O2 SACs. The Cu‐N1O2 SACs exhibit an efficient nitrate‐to‐ammonia conversion with a high FE of ~96.5 % and a yield rate of 3120 μg NH3 h−1 cm−2 at −0.60 V vs RHE. As indicated by in situ Raman spectra, the catalysts facilitate the accumulation of NO3− and the selective adsorption of *NO2, which were further confirmed by the theoretical study of surface dipole moment and orbital hybridization. Our work illustrated the correlation between the coordination desymmetrization and the catalytic performance of copper SACs for NO3RR.
Long‐Range π–π Stacking Brings High Electron Delocalization for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity in Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Framework
Authors: Zhang An‐An , Wang Zi‐Xiang , Fang Zhi‐Bin , Li Jin‐Lin , Liu Tian‐Fu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnlike many studies that regulate transport and separation behaviour of photogenerated charge carriers through controlling the chemical composite, our work demonstrates this goal can be achieved through simply tuning the molecular π–π packing from short‐range to long‐range within hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) without altering the building blocks or network topology. Further investigations reveal that the long‐range π–π stacking significantly promotes electron delocalization and enhances electron density, thereby effectively suppressing electron‐hole recombination and augmenting the charge transfer rate. Simultaneously, acting as a porous substrate, it boosts electron density of Pd nanoparticle loaded on its surfaces, resulting in remarkable CO2 photoreduction catalytic activity (CO generation rate: 48.1 μmol/g/h) without the need for hole scavengers. Our study provide insight into regulating the charge carrier behaviours in molecular assemblies based on hydrogen bonds, offering a new clue for efficient photocatalyst design.
Super‐Resolved Protein Imaging Using Bifunctional Light‐Up Aptamers
Authors: Grün Franziska , van den Bergh Niklas , Klevanski Maja , Verma Mrigank S. , Bühler Bastian , Nienhaus G. Ulrich , Kuner Thomas , Jäschke Andres , Sunbul Murat 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEfficient labeling methods for protein visualization with minimal tag size and appropriate photophysical properties are required for single‐molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), providing insights into the organization and interactions of biomolecules in cells at the molecular level. Among the fluorescent light‐up aptamers (FLAPs) originally developed for RNA imaging, RhoBAST stands out due to its remarkable brightness, photostability, fluorogenicity, and rapid exchange kinetics, enabling super‐resolved imaging with high localization precision. Here, we expand the applicability of RhoBAST to protein imaging by fusing it to protein‐binding aptamers. The versatility of such bifunctional aptamers is demonstrated by employing a variety of protein‐binding aptamers and different FLAPs. Moreover, fusing RhoBAST with the GFP‐binding aptamer AP3 facilitates high‐ and super‐resolution imaging of GFP‐tagged proteins, which is particularly valuable in view of the widespread availability of plasmids and stable cell lines expressing proteins fused to GFP. The bifunctional aptamers compare favorably with standard antibody‐based immunofluorescence protocols, as they are 7‐fold smaller than antibody conjugates and exhibit higher bleaching‐resistance. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in super‐resolution microscopy in secondary mammalian cell lines and primary neurons by RhoBAST‐PAINT, an SMLM protein imaging technique that leverages the transient binding of the fluorogenic rhodamine dye SpyRho to RhoBAST.
Upcycling of Spent LiFePO4 Cathodes to Heterostructured Electrocatalysts for Stable Direct Seawater Splitting
Authors: Li Zhen , Li Mengting , Chen Yiqun , Ye Xucun , Liu Mengjie , Lee Lawrence Yoon Suk 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe pursuit of carbon‐neutral energy has intensified the interest in green hydrogen production from direct seawater electrolysis, given the scarcity of freshwater resources. While Ni‐based catalysts are known for their robust activity in alkaline water oxidation, their catalytic sites are prone to rapid degradation in the chlorine‐rich environments of seawater, leading to limited operation time. Herein, we report a Ni(OH)2 catalyst interfaced with laser‐ablated LiFePO4 (Ni(OH)2/L‐LFP), derived from spent Li‐ion batteries (LIBs), as an effective and stable electrocatalyst for direct seawater oxidation. Our comprehensive analyses reveal that the PO43− species, formed around L‐LFP, effectively repels Cl− ions during seawater oxidation, mitigating corrosion. Simultaneously, the interface between in situ generated NiOOH and Fe3(PO4)2 enhances OH− adsorption and electron transfer during the oxygen evolution reaction. This synergistic effect leads to a low overpotential of 237 mV to attain a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and remarkable durability, with only a 3.3 % activity loss after 600 h at 100 mA cm−2 in alkaline seawater. Our findings present a viable strategy for repurposing spent LIBs into high‐performance catalysts for sustainable seawater electrolysis, contributing to the advancement of green hydrogen production technologies.
Healthier information ecosystems: A definition and agenda
Authors: Introne Joshua , McKernan Brian , Corsbie‐Massay Charisse L' Pree , Rohlinger Deana , Tripodi Francesca Bolla 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs digitally enabled information systems play an increasingly central role in culture and economics, their negative consequences have become apparent. This guest editorial addresses the urgent need for information scientists to take a more deliberate stance in designing and guiding the evolution of these systems. We propose a framework for conceptualizing “healthier information ecosystems” by drawing on theories from complex systems and ecological research, grounded in a value‐oriented approach. The article reviews key concepts from systems science, complex systems, and ecology, with a focus on ecosystem and adaptation research. These perspectives offer analytical approaches for decomposing information ecosystems and provide a foundation for understanding “health” in the context of evolving, open systems. Unlike natural ecosystems, information ecosystems must be evaluated according to human values; thus, we articulate a set of values as a starting point for defining health in this context. By introducing insights from beyond the field of information systems, we aim to instigate scholarly dialog, connect prior work in new ways, and reveal new opportunities for research and intervention. This connective and argumentative contribution is intended to guide future research and identify solutions to the proliferating problems in our current information ecosystems.
Protein multi‐level structure feature‐integrated deep learning method for mutational effect prediction
Authors: Pang Ai‐Ping , Luo Yongsheng , Zhou Junping , Cai Xue , Huang Lianggang , Zhang Bo , Liu Zhi‐Qiang , Zheng Yu‐Guo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThrough iterative rounds of mutation and selection, proteins can be engineered to enhance their desired biological functions. Nevertheless, identifying optimal mutation sites for directed evolution remains challenging due to the vastness of the protein sequence landscape and the epistatic mutational effects across residues. To address this challenge, we introduce MLSmut, a deep learning‐based approach that leverages multi‐level structural features of proteins. MLSmut extracts salient information from protein co‐evolution, sequence semantics, and geometric features to predict the mutational effect. Extensive benchmark evaluations on 10 single‐site and two multi‐site deep mutation scanning datasets demonstrate that MLSmut surpasses existing methods in predicting mutational outcomes. To overcome the limited training data availability, we employ a two‐stage training strategy: initial coarse‐tuning on a large corpus of unlabeled protein data followed by fine‐tuning on a curated dataset of 40−100 experimental measurements. This approach enables our model to achieve satisfactory performance on downstream protein prediction tasks. Importantly, our model holds the potential to predict the mutational effects of any protein sequence. Collectively, these findings suggest that our approach can substantially reduce the reliance on laborious wet lab experiments and deepen our understanding of the intricate relationships between mutations and protein function.
Preparation and Characterization of Durian Husk‐Based Biocomposite Films Reinforced With Nanocellulose From Corn Husk and Pineapple Leaf
Authors: Siribanluehan Nattapron , Wattanachai Piyachat 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThis research explores the integration of corn husk nanocellulose (CHNc) and pineapple leaf nanocellulose (PLNc) as reinforcing agents in a carboxymethyl cellulose‐based film derived from durian husk (CMCDH). Through a solvent‐casting method, composite films were fabricated with varying nanocellulose contents (15, 30, and 45 wt%). Analysis using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x‐ray diffraction confirmed the effectiveness of alkaline and bleaching treatments in eliminating noncellulosic components. Transmission electron microscopy image revealed the rod‐like morphology of CHNc and PLNc, with dimensions approximately 206.5 × 7.2 nm and 150.7 × 6.5 nm, respectively. The inclusion of nanocellulose decreased the transparency of CMCDH films while enhancing their tensile strength, thermal stability, and water vapor transmission rate. Notably, CMCDH/PLNc(30%) exhibited the highest tensile strength at 5.06 ± 0.83 MPa, representing a remarkable 220% increase compared to CMCDH biofilm. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimeter results indicated that nanocellulose incorporation delayed the film's decomposition temperature by approximately 10°C. Moreover, CMCDH/PLNc(30%) demonstrated the lowest water vapor transmission rate, marking a 20% improvement. However, the film's properties were compromised at the highest nanocellulose content (45 wt%) due to observed fiber aggregation, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy analysis.
Mechanism and rational combinations with GP‐2250, a novel oxathiazine derivative, in ovarian cancer
Authors: Kim Mark S. , Glassman Deanna , Handley Katelyn F. , Lankenau Ahumada Adrian , Jennings Nicholas B. , Bayraktar Emine , Foster Katherine , Joseph Robiya , Lee Sanghoon , Coleman Robert L. , Sood Anil K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundGP‐2250, a novel analog of taurultam (TRLT), has emerged as a potent anti‐neoplastic drug; however, the mechanisms underlying its effects are not well understood. Here, we investigated the mechanism of action and the biological effects of GP‐2250 using in vitro and in vivo models.MethodsWe carried out a series of in vitro (MTT assay, Annexin V/PI assay, colony formation assay, reverse‐phase protein array [RPPA], and HRLC/IC analysis) to determine the biological activity of GP‐2250 and investigate the mechanism of action. In vivo experiments were carried out to determine the therapeutic efficacy of GP‐2250 alone and in combination with standard‐of‐care drugs (e.g., paclitaxel, cisplatin, topotecan, and poly ADP‐ribose polymerase [PARP] inhibitors).ResultsWe investigated the cytotoxic effect of GP‐2250 in 10 ovarian cancer cell lines and found GP‐2250 combined with a PARP inhibitor had the greatest synergy. RPPA revealed that GP‐2250 inhibited hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α, AKT, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation and expression. High‐resolution mass spectrometry revealed that hexokinase2 activity and protein expression were significantly reduced by GP‐2250 exposure. Furthermore, GP‐2250 reduced glycolysis and ATP synthesis in cancer cells. An in vivo pharmacodynamic experiment using the OVCAR8 mouse model demonstrated that 500 mg/kg GP‐2250 was effective in downregulating AKT and mTOR activation and expression. In the in vivo therapy experiment using an orthotopic mouse model, a combination of GP‐2250 with either PARP inhibitors or bevacizumab showed a significant reduction of tumor weights and nodules compared to those treated with a vehicle, control IgG groups, or monotherapy groups.ConclusionsTaken together, our data indicate that GP‐2250 exerts profound effects on tumor metabolism and, in combination with PARP inhibitors or bevacizumab, showed promising anti‐tumor efficacy. These findings could have implications for the clinical development of GP‐2250.