bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suicidal ideation and behavior screening in intractable focal epilepsy eligible for drug trials
Authors: Hesdorffer Dale C. , French Jacqueline A. , Posner Kelly , DiVentura Bree , Pollard John R. , Sperling Michael R. , Harden Cynthia L. , Krauss Gregory L. , Kanner Andres M. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryPurposeThree suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior instruments were used to assess the prevalence of lifetime and recent suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior in patients with frequent treatment‐resistant focal seizures who would be eligible for randomized clinical trials. This was done to determine which instrument was optimal for use in epilepsy.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional study, we compared lifetime and recent suicidal ideation and suicide attempt on the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C‐SSRS), and Interactive Voice Response System CSSRS (E‐CSSRS). A safety algorithm determined treatment referral. Coordinators and participants evaluated experiences with the C‐SSRS. The proportion of participants that baseline assessment would exclude from clinical trial enrollment was determined.Key FindingsAmong 208 participants, 1.6–3.9% had recent high risk suicidal ideation and 1.0–4.7% had a recent suicide attempt across all instruments. Lifetime high‐risk suicidal ideation occurred in 12.1–14.1%. Lifetime suicide attempt occurred in 10.2–13.1% of participants. Of those with recent suicide attempt, 31.1% required referral to a health professional, and 3.9% needed urgent referral. Lifetime suicidal behavior (including aborted suicide attempt, interrupted suicide attempt, suicide attempt, preparatory acts or behavior, and nonsuicidal self‐injurious behavior) was found in 21.1% on the E‐CSSRS and 15.5% on the C‐SSRS. Agreement (Kappa) was good to excellent for comparisons of all instruments. Fifty‐two percent of subjects preferred either the CSSRS or E‐CSSRS, whereas the rest had no preference; of those having a preference, 87.5% favored the CSSRS. Of the 18.9% of participants who might have been excluded from trials based on suicidal ideation and suicide attempt, the CSSRS identified high‐risk suicidal ideation or suicide attempt in the preceding 2 years in only 4.4%.SignificanceSuicidality screening is feasible in people with epilepsy. Slightly more suicidal behavior is reported with the E‐CSSRS than C‐SSRS, suggesting the E‐CSSRS may be optimal. The proportion of patients who may be excluded from clinical trials based on worrisome suicidal ideation or suicide attempt is small, suggesting that it is possible to enroll most eligible individuals.
Association between prosthetic factors and temporomandibular disorders in complete denture wearers
Authors: Ribeiro Jaiane Augusta Medeiros , de Resende Camila Maria Bastos Machado , Lopes Ana Lílian Correia , Farias‐Neto Arcelino , Carreiro Adriana da Fonte Porto 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in denture wearers and the association between prosthetic factors and this condition.BackgroundThere is no consensus about the relationship between prosthetic factors and TMD among denture wearers.Materials and methodsThe sample was composed of 92 patients wearing both maxillary and mandibular complete dentures. The Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD) were adopted for patient examination. Objective evaluation of denture quality was determined by analysis of retention and stability of mandibular denture, interocclusal distance, articulation and occlusion. Association between denture quality and TMD diagnosis was analysed using chi‐square and Fisher's exact tests.Results37.4% of the patients presented TMD. Denture quality was not significantly associated with the presence of TMD: mandibular retention (p = 0.466); mandibular stability (p = 0.466); interocclusal distance (p = 0.328); centric relation (p = 0.175); and balanced occlusion (p = 0.56).ConclusionWithin the scope of this case‐controlled cross‐sectional study, no robust association between prosthetic factors and TMD was found.
A cross‐sectional study on dermatological diseases among male prisoners in southernLazio,Italy
Authors: Mannocci Alice , Di Thiene Domitilla , Semyonov Leda , Boccia Antonio , La Torre Guiseppe 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundPrisoners have heightened health needs, and only recently has the importance of skin diseases in this group been recognized. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalences of dermatological diseases among prisoners in the jails of southernLazio and to investigate the determinants of these.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was carried out in three jails in southernLazio. Retrospective data collection for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and health status was realized using patients' charts.ResultsThe study sample consisted of 2653 male prisoners detained during 1995–2000. A total of 7.9% of the sample were found to have dermatological disease. The most common diseases were nonspecific dermatitis (3.1%), acne (1.5%), mycosis (1.4%), and scabies (0.7%). Multiple regression analyses were conducted to establish the associations of skin diseases with substance addiction status and age. In addition, a highly significant association emerged between length of detention and rate of dermatological disease.ConclusionsThis study shows that habitual offenders, foreign inmates, prisoners serving long sentences, and prisoners who are illiterate are the most affected by dermatological disease. The conditions of detention may be the main reason; preventative strategies such as limiting overcrowding and the provision of electronic case sheets and a centralized database to collect and maintain patient clinical data might be effective in improving public health in jails.
Feasibility of Using Radio Frequency Identification to Facilitate Individual Producer Responsibility for Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
Authors: O'Connell Maurice , Hickey Stewart , Besiou Maria , Fitzpatrick Colin , Van Wassenhove Luk N. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryRegulatory measures that hold producers accountable for their products at end of life are increasingly common. Some of these measures aim at generating incentives for producers to design products that will be easier and cheaper to recover at the postconsumer stage. However, the allocation of recovery costs to individual producers, which can facilitate realization of the goals of these policies, is hindered by the practical barrier of identification and/or sorting of the products in the waste stream. Technologies such as radio frequency identification (RFID) can be used for brand or model recognition in order to overcome this obstacle. This article assesses the read rate of RFID technology (i.e., the number of successful retrievals of RFID tag data [“reads”] in a given sample of tagged products) and the potential role of RFID tags in the management of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) at current levels of technical development.We present the results of RFID trials conducted at a civic amenity site in the city of Limerick, Ireland. The experiment was performed for fixed distances up to 2 meters on different material substrates. In the case of white goods (i.e., large household appliances), a 100% read rate was achieved using an RFID handheld reader. High read rates were also achieved for mixed WEEE. For a handheld scan of a steel cage containing mixed WEEE, read rates varied from 50% to 73% depending on the ultrahigh frequency (UHF) metal mount tag employed and the relative positioning of the tags within the cage.These results confirm that from a technical standpoint, RFID can achieve much greater brand or model identification than has been considered feasible up to now, and thus has a role to play in creating a system that allocates recovery costs to individual producers.
Structural and Optical Properties of Tunable Warm‐White Light‐Emitting ZrO2:Dy3+–Eu3+ Nanocrystals
Authors: Das Subrata , Yang Che‐Yuan , Lu Chung‐Hsin 
Published: March 2013

A series of Dy3+–Eu3+‐codoped ZrO2 nanocrystals with tetragonal and cubic symmetry was synthesized via a wet chemical reaction. When the Eu3+‐doping content was fixed, the crystal structure could be stabilized from the mixed phase to single cubic phase by simply adjusting the content of Dy3+. The cubic ZrO2:Dy3+–Eu3+ nanoparticles exhibited spherical and nonagglomerated morphology. The effective phonon energy of cubic ZrO2:5%Dy3+–5%Eu3+ was calculated to be 445 cm−1, which is lower than the previously reported results. Extensive luminescence studies of ZrO2:Dy3+–Eu3+ as a function of Dy3+ content demonstrated that the dopant concentration and its site symmetry play an important role in the emissive properties. Under 352 nm excitation, the increment of Dy3+ concentration in ZrO2:Dy3+–Eu3+ led to an increase in orange (590 nm) and red (610 nm) emissions of Eu3+ ions, which are attributed to the 5D0→7FJ(J = 1, 2) transitions of Eu3+ ions. This increment is possibly due to the efficient energy transfer (ET) 4F9/2:Dy3+→5D0:Eu3+. The phosphors can generates light from yellow through near white and eventually to warm white by properly tuning the concentration of Dy3+ ions through the ET and change in site symmetry. These phosphors may be promising as warm‐white‐/yellow‐emitting phosphors.
Database‐assisted low‐dose CT image restoration
Authors: Xu Wei , Ha Sungsoo , Mueller Klaus 
Published: March 2013

Purpose:Acquiring data for CT at low radiation doses has become a pressing goal. Unfortunately, the reduced data quality adversely affects the quality of the reconstructions, impeding their readability. In previous work, the authors showed how a prior regular‐dose scan of the same patient can efficiently be used to mitigate low‐dose artifacts. However, since a prior is not always available, the authors now extend the authors’ method to use a database of images of other patients.Methods:The authors’ framework first matches the low‐dose (target) scan with the images in the database and then selects a set of images that contain anatomical content similar to the target. These “priors” are then registered to the target and form the set of regular‐dose priors for restoration via an extended nonlocal means (NLM) filtering framework. To accommodate the larger spatial variability of the patient scans, the authors subdivide the image area into blocks and perform the filtering locally. The database itself is first preprocessed to map each image from its 2D image space to a corresponding high‐D image feature space. From this encoding a visual vocabulary is learned that assists in the query of the database.Results:The authors demonstrate the authors’ framework via a lung scan example, for both streak artifacts (resulting from smaller projection sets) as well as noise artifacts (resulting from lower mA settings). The authors find that in the authors’ particular example case three priors were sufficient to restore all features faithfully. The authors also observe that the authors’ method is quite robust in that it generates good results even when the noise conditions significantly worsen (here by 20%). Finally, the authors find that the restoration quality is significantly better than with conventional NLM filtering.Conclusions:The authors image restoration algorithm successfully restores images to high quality when the registration is well performed and also when the priors match the target well. When the priors do not contain sufficient information, the affected image regions can only be restored to the quality achieved with conventional regularization. Hence, a sufficiently rich database is a key for successful artifact mitigation with this approach. Finally, the blockwise scheme demonstrates the potential of using small patches of images to form the database.
First‐order convex feasibility algorithms for x‐ray CT
Authors: Sidky Emil Y. , Jørgensen Jakob S. , Pan Xiaochuan 
Published: March 2013

Purpose:Iterative image reconstruction (IIR) algorithms in computed tomography (CT) are based on algorithms for solving a particular optimization problem. Design of the IIR algorithm, therefore, is aided by knowledge of the solution to the optimization problem on which it is based. Often times, however, it is impractical to achieve accurate solution to the optimization of interest, which complicates design of IIR algorithms. This issue is particularly acute for CT with a limited angular‐range scan, which leads to poorly conditioned system matrices and difficult to solve optimization problems. In this paper, we develop IIR algorithms which solve a certain type of optimization called convex feasibility. The convex feasibility approach can provide alternatives to unconstrained optimization approaches and at the same time allow for rapidly convergent algorithms for their solution—thereby facilitating the IIR algorithm design process.Methods:An accelerated version of the Chambolle−Pock (CP) algorithm is adapted to various convex feasibility problems of potential interest to IIR in CT. One of the proposed problems is seen to be equivalent to least‐squares minimization, and two other problems provide alternatives to penalized, least‐squares minimization.Results:The accelerated CP algorithms are demonstrated on a simulation of circular fan‐beam CT with a limited scanning arc of 144°. The CP algorithms are seen in the empirical results to converge to the solution of their respective convex feasibility problems.Conclusions:Formulation of convex feasibility problems can provide a useful alternative to unconstrained optimization when designing IIR algorithms for CT. The approach is amenable to recent methods for accelerating first‐order algorithms which may be particularly useful for CT with limited angular‐range scanning. The present paper demonstrates the methodology, and future work will illustrate its utility in actual CT application.
A LSQR‐type method provides a computationally efficient automated optimal choice of regularization parameter in diffuse optical tomography
Authors: Prakash Jaya , Yalavarthy Phaneendra K. 
Published: March 2013

Purpose:Developing a computationally efficient automated method for the optimal choice of regularization parameter in diffuse optical tomography.Methods:The least‐squares QR (LSQR)‐type method that uses Lanczos bidiagonalization is known to be computationally efficient in performing the reconstruction procedure in diffuse optical tomography. The same is effectively deployed via an optimization procedure that uses the simplex method to find the optimal regularization parameter. The proposed LSQR‐type method is compared with the traditional methods such as L‐curve, generalized cross‐validation (GCV), and recently proposed minimal residual method (MRM)‐based choice of regularization parameter using numerical and experimental phantom data.Results:The results indicate that the proposed LSQR‐type and MRM‐based methods performance in terms of reconstructed image quality is similar and superior compared to L‐curve and GCV‐based methods. The proposed method computational complexity is at least five times lower compared to MRM‐based method, making it an optimal technique.Conclusions:The LSQR‐type method was able to overcome the inherent limitation of computationally expensive nature of MRM‐based automated way finding the optimal regularization parameter in diffuse optical tomographic imaging, making this method more suitable to be deployed in real‐time.
An optimized ultrasound detector for photoacoustic breast tomography
Authors: Xia Wenfeng , Piras Daniele , van Hespen Johan C. G. , van Veldhoven Spiridon , Prins Christian , van Leeuwen Ton G. , Steenbergen Wiendelt , Manohar Srirang 
Published: March 2013

Purpose:Photoacoustic imaging has proven to be able to detect vascularization‐driven optical absorption contrast associated with tumors. In order to detect breast tumors located a few centimeter deep in tissue, a sensitive ultrasound detector is of crucial importance for photoacoustic mammography. Further, because the expected photoacoustic frequency bandwidth (a few MHz to tens of kHz) is inversely proportional to the dimensions of light absorbing structures (0.5–10+ mm), proper choices of materials and their geometries and proper considerations in design have to be made to implement optimal photoacoustic detectors. In this study, we design and evaluate a specialized ultrasound detector for photoacoustic mammography.Methods:Based on the required detector sensitivity and its frequency response, a selection of active material and matching layers and their geometries is made leading to functional detector models. By iteration between simulation of detector performances, fabrication and experimental characterization of functional models an optimized implementation is made and evaluated. For computer simulation, we use 1D Krimholtz–Leedom–Matthaei and 3D finite‐element based models.Results:The experimental results of the designed first and second functional detectors matched with the simulations. In subsequent bare piezoelectric samples the effect of lateral resonances was addressed and their influence minimized by subdicing the samples. Consequently, using simulations, a final optimized detector was designed, with a center frequency of 1 MHz and a −6 dB bandwidth of 0.4–1.25 MHz (fractional bandwidth of ∼80%). The minimum detectable pressure was measured to be 0.5 Pa.Conclusions:A single‐element, large‐aperture, sensitive, and broadband detector is designed and developed for photoacoustic tomography of the breast. The detector should be capable of detecting vascularized tumors with 1–2 mm resolution. The minimum detectable pressure is 0.5 Pa, which will facilitate deeper imaging compared to the current systems. Further improvements by proper electrical grounding and shielding and implementation of this design into an arrayed detector will pave the way for clinical applications of photoacoustic mammography.
Genome Sequence of the “Indian Bison Type” Biotype of Mycobacterium avium subsp.
paratuberculosis
Strain S5
Authors: Singh Shoor Vir , Kumar Naveen , Singh Shree Narayan , Bhattacharya Tapas , Sohal Jagdip Singh , Singh Pravin Kumar , Singh Ajay Vir , Singh Brajesh , Chaubey Kundan Kumar , Gupta Saurabh , Sharma Nitu , Kumar Shailesh , Raghava Gajendra Pal Singh 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT

We report the 4.79-Mb genome sequence of the “Indian Bison Type” biotype of
Mycobacterium avium
subsp.
paratuberculosis
strain S5, isolated from a terminally sick Jamunapari goat at the CIRG (Central Institute for Research on Goats) farm in India. This draft genome will help in studying novelties of this biotype, which is widely distributed in animals and human beings in India.
Draft Genome Sequence of the
Wolbachia
Endosymbiont of
Drosophila suzukii
Authors: Siozios Stefanos , Cestaro Alessandro , Kaur Rupinder , Pertot Ilaria , Rota-Stabelli Omar , Anfora Gianfranco 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT

Wolbachia
is one of the most successful and abundant symbiotic bacteria in nature, infecting more than 40% of the terrestrial arthropod species. Here we report the draft genome sequence of a novel
Wolbachia
strain named “
w
Suzi” that was retrieved from the genome sequencing of its host, the invasive pest
Drosophila suzukii
.
Genome Sequences and Photosynthesis Gene Cluster Composition of a Freshwater Aerobic Anoxygenic Phototroph,
Sandarakinorhabdus
sp. Strain AAP62, Isolated from the Shahu Lake in Ningxia, China
Authors: Zeng Yonghui , Feng Fuying , Liu Yapeng , Li Yunxu , Koblížek Michal 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT

We report the first genome sequence from the recently established alpha-4 proteobacterial genus
Sandarakinorhabdus
. The genome of the
Sandarakinorhabdus
sp. strain AAP62 contains a photosynthesis gene cluster carrying major genes for bacterial reaction centers. The presence of genes related to aerobic respiratory electron transport confirms the lifestyle of this organism as an aerobic anoxygenic photoheterotroph.
Whole-Genome Draft Sequences of 26 Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strains
Authors: Eppinger Mark , Daugherty Sean , Agrawal Sonia , Galens Kevin , Sengamalay Naomi , Sadzewicz Lisa , Tallon Luke , Cebula Thomas A. , Mammel Mark K. , Feng Peter , Soderlund Robert , Tarr Phillip I. , DebRoy Chitrita , Dudley Edward G. , Fraser Claire M. , Ravel Jacques 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT

First identified in 1982,
Escherichia coli
O157:H7 is the dominant enterohemorrhagic serotype underlying food-borne human infections in North America. Here, we report the genomes of twenty-six strains derived from patients and the bovine reservoir. These resources enable detailed whole-genome comparisons and permit investigations of genotypic and phenotypic plasticity.
A Systems Biology Examination of the Human Female Genital Tract Shows Compartmentalization of Immune Factor Expression
Authors: Burgener Adam , Tjernlund Annelie , Kaldensjo Tove , Abou Max , McCorrister Stuart , Westmacott Garrett R. , Mogk Kenzie , Ambrose Emma , Broliden Kristina , Ball Blake 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT
Many mucosal factors in the female genital tract (FGT) have been associated with HIV susceptibility, but little is known about their anatomical distribution in the FGT compartments. This study comprehensively characterized global immune factor expression in different tissue sites of the lower and upper FGT by using a systems biology approach. Tissue sections from the ectocervix, endocervix, and endometrium from seven women who underwent hysterectomy were analyzed by a combination of quantitative mass spectrometry and immunohistochemical staining. Of the >1,000 proteins identified, 281 were found to be differentially abundant in different tissue sites. Hierarchical clustering identified four major functional pathways distinguishing compartments, including innate immune pathways (acute-phase response, LXR/RXR) and development (RhoA signaling, gluconeogenesis), which were enriched in the ectocervix/endocervix and endometrium, respectively. Immune factors important for HIV susceptibility, including antiproteases, immunoglobulins, complement components, and antimicrobial factors, were most abundant in the ectocervix/endocervix, while the endometrium had a greater abundance of certain factors that promote HIV replication. Immune factor abundance is heterogeneous throughout the FGT and shows unique immune microenvironments for HIV based on the exposure site. This may have important implications for early events in HIV transmission and site-specific susceptibility to HIV in the FGT.
Carbon, oxygen and strontium isotopic composition of low-latitude Permian carbonates (Venezuelan Andes): climate proxies of tropical Pangea
Authors: Laya Juan Carlos , Tucker Maurice E. , Gröcke Darren R. , Perez-Huerta Alberto 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

The Late Palaeozoic period was an important time in Earth history, primarily as a result of the formation of Pangea and the Gondwana glaciations that had direct influences in high latitudes and indirect, but no less important, effects in low latitudes. This study documents and interprets the isotopic record for the Early–Middle Permian in northern Gondwana from detailed fieldwork in the Venezuelan Andes. Sr-isotope dating of well-preserved brachiopod shells suggests a Kungurian age from samples located within the middle part of the Palmarito Formation. δ
13
C data show a long-term trend through the section towards more positive values, but with some very negative δ
13
C values suggesting carbonates affected by pedogenic processes. In the middle part of the succession, major excursions in δ
13
C and δ
18
O show a strong connection with glacial–deglacial events during the Early–Middle Permian. Overall results presented here fill an important gap in the regional palaeogeography and, therefore, have significant implications for the palaeoclimate and palaeoceanography of this Late Palaeozoic time.