bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding Maximum Size in the Catch: Atlantic Blue Marlin as an Example
Authors: Goodyear C. Phillip 
Published: February 2015

AbstractMean and maximum sizes in the catch are readily understood by both fishermen and scientists as important indicators of population health, but the maximum is more complicated to interpret because it increases with the number of observations. Size distributions of catches were computed for stable age distributions of hypothetical Atlantic populations of Blue Marlin Makaira nigricans. Fishing mortality rates were selected that reduced the population per age‐1 recruit by 25, 50, 67, 75, and 90% by number from the unfished state. A new metric, NZ50, was applied to evaluate the performance of maximum size as an indicator of population status. Sample sizes required to include large marlin in a set of observations increased to disproportionately large numbers with increased fishing. With the best estimates of growth and a natural mortality of 0.1, the number of random observations required for a 50% probability of including a 350‐cm individual increased by about 43% when the population was depressed by 25%. This value rose to more than 50‐fold when the population was reduced below 10%. In contrast, mean lengths were reduced by only 1.6% to 14% and mean weights by 5% to 45% for the same range of fishing. These results provide quantitative evidence confirming the view that a diminished number of large fish is a sensitive indicator of excessive fishing, even when mean size of the catch shows only a small change. Increased catches above large size thresholds or nearing historical maxima could be sensitive indicators of stock recovery. Measures of the frequency of occurrence of individuals above some threshold defined for large fish will generally be superior to the maximuma observed in a sample (or set of samples) as a biological reference criterion because of the stochastic nature of individual observations.Received July 31, 2014; accepted October 31, 2014
Spawning Distribution of Bering Ciscoes in the Yukon River
Authors: Brown Randy J. , Daum David W. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBering CiscoesCoregonus laurettaeare anadromous salmonids with known spawning populations only in the Yukon, Kuskokwim, and Susitna rivers in Alaska. A commercial fishery for the species was recently initiated at the mouth of the Yukon River, inspiring a series of research projects to enhance our understanding of the exploited population. This study was designed to delineate the geographic spawning distribution of Bering Ciscoes in the Yukon River. One hundred radio transmitters per year in 2012 and 2013 were deployed in prespawning Bering Ciscoes at a site located 1,176 km upstream from the sea. A total of 160 fish survived fish wheel capture and tagging, avoided harvest and predation after tagging, and continued migrating upstream to their spawning destinations. Approximately 79% migrated to spawn in the upper Yukon Flats, upstream from the mouth of the Porcupine River, and 21% migrated to spawn in the lower Yukon Flats. Locating the Bering Cisco spawning area, which is almost entirely encompassed by the Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge, enhances our ability to protect it from anthropogenic disturbance and enables future biological research on the spawning population.Received July 25, 2014; accepted November 13, 2014
Bradykinin-mediated angioedema: factors associated with admission to an intensive care unit, a multicenter study
Authors: Javaud Nicolas , Floccard Bernard , Gontier Florian , Lapostolle Frédéric , Boccon-Gibod Isabelle , Martin Ludovic , Amarger Stéphanie , Boumedienne Abdalia , Boubaya Marouane , Asfar Pierre , Coppere Brigitte , Ollivier Yann , Bouillet Laurence , Adnet Frédéric , Fain Olivier 
Published: February 2015

Objective
Bradykinin-mediated angioedema is characterized by transient attacks of localized edema of subcutaneous or submucosal tissues and can be life-threatening when involving the upper airways. The aim of this study was to determine the features of acute attacks that might be associated with admission to an ICU.

Patients and methods
We carried out a retrospective, multicenter, observational study in consecutive patients attending one of six reference centers in France for acute bradykinin-mediated angioedema attacks. Patients had been hospitalized for an acute episode at least once previously. Acute attacks requiring ICU admission were compared with acute attacks that had not required ICU admission.

Results
Overall, 118 acute attacks in 31 patients were analyzed (10 patients with hereditary angioedema, 19 patients with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced angioedema, and two patients with acquired C1-inhibitor deficiency angioedema). In multivariate analysis, upper airway involvement, corticosteroid, and C1-inhibitor concentrate administration were associated with ICU admission. Seven episodes (18%) needed airway protection. The evolution was favorable in 38 of 39 attacks warranting ICU admission: patients were able to get out of the service (mean ICU stay 4±5 days). One death was observed by asphyxiation because of laryngeal swelling.

Conclusion
Upper airway involvement is an independent risk factor for ICU admission. Corticosteroid use, which is an ineffective treatment, and C1-inhibitor concentrate use are factors for ICU admission. The presence of upper airway involvement should be a warning signal that the attack may be severe.
Education, exposure and experience of prehospital teams as quality indicators in regional trauma systems
Authors: Van Der Eng Dorien M. , van Beeck Eduard F. , Hoogervorst Elizabeth M. , Bierens Joost J.L.M. 
Published: February 2015

Objective
Indicators to measure the quality of trauma care may be instrumental in benchmarking and improving trauma systems. This retrospective, observational study investigated whether data on three indicators for competencies of Dutch trauma teams (i.e. education, exposure, experience; agreed upon during a prior Delphi procedure) can be retrieved from existing registrations. The validity and distinctive power of these indicators were explored by analysing available data in four regions.

Methods
Data of all polytrauma patients treated by the Helicopter Emergency Medical Services were collected retrospectively over a 1-year period. During the Delphi procedure, a polytrauma patient was defined as one with a Glasgow Coma Scale of 9 or less or a Paediatric Coma Scale of 9 or less, together with a Revised Trauma Score of 10 or less. Information on education, exposure and experience of the Helicopter Emergency Medical Services physician and nurse were registered for each patient contact.

Results
Data on 442 polytrauma patients could be retrieved. Of these, according to the Delphi consensus, 220 were treated by a fully competent team (i.e. both the physician and the nurse fulfilled the three indicators for competency) and 22 patients were treated by a team not fulfilling all three indicators for competency. Across the four regions, patients were treated by teams with significant differences in competencies (P=0.002).

Conclusion
The quality indicators of education, exposure and experience of prehospital physicians and nurses can be measured reliably, have a high level of usability and have distinctive power.
Quality assessment for different haplotyping methods and GWAS sensitivity to phasing errors
Authors: Busonera Giovanni , Cogoni Marco , Zanetti Gianluigi 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn this report we present a multimarker association tool (Flash) based on a novel algorithm to generate haplotypes from raw genotype data. It belongs to the entropy minimization class of methods [4, 7] and is composed of a two stage deterministic - heuristic part and of a optional stochastic optimization. This algorithm is able to scale up well to handle huge datasets with faster performance than the competing technologies such as BEAGLE[5] and MACH[10] while maintaining a comparable accuracy. A quality assessment of the results is carried out by comparing the switch error. Finally, the haplotypes are used to perform a haplotype-based Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS). The association results are compared with a multimarker and a single SNP association test performed with Plink [12]. Our experiments confirm that the multimarker association test can be more powerful than the single SNP one as stated in the literature. Moreover, Flash and Plink show similar results for the multimarker association test but Flash speeds up the computation time of about an order of magnitude using 5 SNP size haplotypes.
The influence of tensile stress on the electrochemical behavior of X80 steel in a simulated acid soil solution
Authors: Zhang Jie , Liu Jing , Hu Qian , Huang Feng , Cheng ZhaoYang , Guo JunTao 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– The aim of this paper was to clarify the influence of tensile stress on the electrochemical behavior of X80 steel in a simulated acid soil solution and attempt to understand mechanistic aspects of the corrosion behaviors of X80 under these conditions.

Design/methodology/approach
– The electrochemical behavior of X80 steel at various tensile stresses was investigated in a simulated acid soil solution using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic scan measurements and surface analysis techniques.

Findings
– The results show that as tensile stress was increased, the open-circuit potential decreased, the reaction activity increase, the reaction resistance (Rct)value became smaller by degrees, the corrosion product film resistance (Rf) first decreased and then increased and polarization current densities changed conversely. The corrosion product film was compact and continuous under the low stress, whereas it was relatively loose under high-stress conditions. Tensile stress promotes the movement of dislocations, which become active points when they move to the steel surface. The increase in the number of active points enhances the anodic dissolution rate and promotes the formation of corrosion product film whose blocking effect can decrease the dissolution rate. The corrosion rate of the specimen is determined by these two effects.

Originality/value
– This research provides an essential insight into the mechanism of the electrochemical behavior of X80 steel in acid soil environments.
Surface active hyperbranched polyamide-ester as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in both neutral and acidic media
Authors: Mohamed Heba Abdelrazik , Abdel Rehim Mona Hassan 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper was to protect carbon steel from corrosion with self–aggregated, eco-friendly, water-soluble hyperbranched polyamide-ester (Hb-PAE).

Design/methodology/approach
– Hb-PAE was synthesized through bulk polycondensation reaction between maleic anhydride and di-isopropanol amine. Complete structural analysis for the obtained polymer was performed using Fourier Transfer Infra-Red Spectroscopy, 1H NMR, Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry, and the molar mass was measured using gel permeation chromatography/refractive index. For this study, the surface activity of Hb-PAE with hydroxyl end groups was investigated. Surface tension of 1.0 × 10−6 to 0.1M of both Hb-PAE/H2O and Hb-PAE/1N HCl systems was measured, and the critical aggregation concentration (CAC) in both systems was determined. Hb-PAE was examined as a corrosion inhibitor for plain carbon steel in both neutral (distilled water) and acidic (1N HCl) media. The corrosion of the steel was studied quantitatively by measuring its weight loss in both media in the absence and presence of Hb-PAE. The surface morphology of the exposed steel test samples was examined using scanning electron microscopy.

Findings
– It was found that Hb-PAE inhibited corrosion of steel around the CAC, and its corrosion inhibition efficiency was increased by increasing its concentration.

Originality/value
– The research can provide a reference for the relationship between the aggregation concentration of the prepared Hb-PAE with its corrosion inhibition efficiency on plain carbon steel. Hb-PAE as a corrosion inhibitor is environmentally acceptable, economical and readily available.
Numerical modeling and experimental investigation of fiber diameter of melt blowing nonwoven web
Authors: Zhao Bo 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to varify, the air drawing model and the air jet flow field model of dual slot shape die for a polymer in a melt blowing process were established, by the experimental results obtained with experimental equipment.

Design/methodology/approach
– The air jet flow field model is solved by introducing the finite difference method. The air drawing model of polymers in the melt blowing process was studied with the help of the simulation results of the air jet flow field.

Findings
– The higher air initial velocity and air initial temperature can all yield finer fibers and causes the fibers to be attenuated to a greater extent.

Originality/value
– The predicted fiber diameter agrees well with the experimental result, which verifies the reliability of these models. At the same time, the results also reveal the great potential of this research for the computer-assisted design of melt blowing technology.
Listing behaviour in the Italian real estate market
Authors: Curto Rocco , Fregonara Elena , Semeraro Patrizia 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The main purpose of this paper is to explore the listing behaviours of agents and sellers. In particular, the paper analyzes listing prices and the predicting power of the house features described in advertisements, to improve their use in real estate valuations. In Italy, selling prices are not public information and therefore listing prices play a key role for market analyses and are used by real estate companies and appraisers for estimating house values.Design/methodology/approach– A traditional hedonic model was used to measure the overall contribution to listing price of the characteristics described in advertisements. The analysis was performed both on houses put on the market by agents and on houses put on the market by sellers. Listing price distributions and their deviation from normality were analyzed. Furthermore, a hedonic analysis was performed, which consisted of two steps. First, the coefficient of determination for any characteristic was computed. Second, the overall contribution to the listing price of the characteristics described in advertisements was measured.Findings– The analysis shows the presence of factors which affect listing prices and which are not revealed to buyers in real estate advertisements. On the other hand, the presence of characteristics that do not affect the listing price but are described in advertisements was also found. Furthermore, agents and sellers showed different behaviours. While the marginal contributions of each characteristic estimated on a sample of houses put on the market by agents were significant, the analysis reveals that listing prices of houses put on the market by sellers are not explained by the house features.Originality/value– To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to propose a hedonic approach to exploring the major determinants of listing prices of houses on sale on the Italian market. The listing behaviour of agents and sellers and the predicting power of the observable characteristics could address the use of listing prices in real estate valuations. At the same time, the potential presence of unobservable factors that affect the listing price could be a source of bias in estimating the value of houses.
Residents’ satisfaction with integration of the natural environment in public housing design
Authors: Odum Chuba Onyechi 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present a study assessing residents’ satisfaction with the integration of natural environment in public housing designs in Enugu urban, Nigeria.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study followed qualitative and quantitative strategies. Personal observations and one-on-one interviews were conducted where necessary. A survey of 898 households residing in two main prevalent residential building typologies, systematically selected based on quota of their existence in seven public housing estates, was conducted, with a questionnaire as the key data collection instrument. A five-point Likert scale was used in measuring residents’ level of satisfaction of three key housing environment sub-components. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Findings
– Residents expressed dissatisfaction with overall housing estate environment in terms of naturalness in the estate landscaping and availability of green areas, and also with immediate dwelling unit environments in terms open spaces and naturalness in external finishes. Many of the residents, however, claimed to be indifferent about the extent of response of layout designs to natural factors, and street layout concepts to climatic influences. This reveals a high level of apathy of residents to their estates designs.

Research limitations/implications
– Collecting relevant data from the government agency that are the providers of the public housing studied was a herculean task, as there was no existing organized data bank. Consequently, the researcher depended more on extensive field work. In addition to the above, getting the questionnaire respondents to agree to participate in the study was another major challenge, as they were not used to participating in such studies before the current study.

Social implications
– Findings from the study imply that residents’ are adaptable to whatever housing environment they are provided with; therefore, therapeutic housing environment, if provided, would enhance healthy living for public housing residents in Nigeria.

Originality/value
– This work is a pioneering effort at evaluating public housing environment in the study area in relation to residents’ perception.
The “leaning song” – a weapon in organizational conflict
Authors: Kirke Charles 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to present an insider ethnographic account of a series of social confrontations between two mutually opposed groups of officers that took place in an officers’ mess in a remote military garrison in the 1980s. The identity of one of these groups was expressed in a particular song that was sung frequently and noisily in the mess. The analysis of these incidents and their precursors provides an understanding of the social processes in which they were embedded, and the conclusions drawn are generalized into the wider context.Design/methodology/approach– The paper is based on insider ethnography, using rich description to present the incidents and their background. Analysis is conducted using other research by the author on the organizational culture of Service officers and wider scholarship not specifically related to the Military.Findings– The paper finds that in-groups and out-groups in joint Service populations do not necessarily run along traditional, Service, lines, and that cultural change in the groups concerned was associated with the rapid turnover of their members as they were replaced in the normal postings cycle. It demonstrates that a socially powerful shared cultural element can, if only temporarily, bring unity between rival groups. It also contributes to the scholarship on the power of song as a proclamation of group identity and the intensification of that identity.Originality/value– The main strength of this paper is that it provides an insider’s view of a British military social group, which is extremely rare in the literature, describing social processes that connect to the wider scholarship on song, in-group and out-group behaviour, and cultural change.
Making meaning of nursing practices in acute care
Authors: Lake Sarah , Rudge Trudy , West Sandra 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to consider how meaning may be made of nursing practices by contrasting the rationalistic approach commonly used in the nursing literature with Bourdieu’s theory of practice.Design/methodology/approach– The data under consideration is an account of ten to 15 minutes of a larger ethnographic study of nursing practices which asks the question: how do nurses accomplish nursing within and between patients’ needs for care in the acute hospital setting? The five main sources of data were: observations of and conversations with nurse participants, as well as hospital documentation (including facility protocols and patients’ notes) and the observer’s field diary. These were woven together to provide an account of one nurse with one patient for a few moments of her day.Findings– Although this paper makes no attempt to speak to the rest of her workload, in these few minutes the nurse accomplishes multiple moments of nursing practice. Further, while the rationalistic approach presents the nurse as a highly skilled practitioner, Bourdieu’s theory of practice not only illuminates the nurse’s role as pivotal in the acute hospital setting but is also able to address the dialectical nature of the relationship between nurses’ practices and the dynamics of the context.Originality/value– The use of Bourdieu’s theory of practice makes possible the study of how nurses nurse “within and between” to illuminate the everyday practices of nurses.
Why Kurt Wolff matters for a practice-based perspective of sensible knowledge in ethnography
Authors: Gheradi Silvia 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the contribution offered by Wolff’s sociology of knowledge to organizational ethnography and to enrich the lexicon of practice-based studies with the concept of surrender-and-catch.Design/methodology/approach– Drawing on Wolff’s writing, the surrender-and-catch perspective is introduced and how to be inspired by it is illustrated in relation to three working practices.Findings– The centrality of the body and of sensible knowledge for doing ethnographies of working practices is affirmed and the surrender-and-catch perspective is interpreted as an art of seeing connections.Practical implications– Surrender-to may be included in the methodology for studying knowing-in-practice and it may help students to get prepared to conduct an organizational ethnography.Originality/value– A contribution to frame the legacy of a sociologist of knowledge little known in organization studies. Its contribution stresses the importance of a plurality of forms of knowing alongside the rational-analytic one. Therefore Kurt Wolff’s work becomes relevant within the practice-based studies.