bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐parametric phospho‐flow cytometry: A crucial tool for T lymphocyte signaling studies
Authors: Goldeck David , Low Ivy , Shadan Nurhidaya Binte , Mustafah Seri , Pawelec Graham , Larbi Anis 
Published: January 2013

AbstractTools such as protein immunoblotting have proven benefits for investigating T lymphocyte signaling but have several drawbacks such as the number of cells required and the difficulty of distinguishing subset‐specific differences without expensive and invasive cell sorting. Recent advances in immunology and the identification of T lymphocyte sub‐populations making up only a very small fraction of the total population highlight the importance of studying signaling in those small subsets in a feasible, cost‐effective, high‐throughput manner. To this end, we have developed a simplified protocol to study both intracellular phosphorylation patterns of important signal transduction molecules concomitantly with T cell surface marker expression. A multi‐parametric analysis may allow the quantification of the phosphorylation of up to five signaling molecules in CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes and their naïve, central memory, effector memory, and TEMRA subsets. This enables precise identification of subset‐specific signaling and alterations of signaling pathways in physiological and pathological situations. The importance of such detailed analysis is discussed. © 2013 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
The effects of GATA‐1 and NF‐E2 deficiency on bone biomechanical, biochemical, and mineral properties
Authors: Kacena Melissa A. , Gundberg Caren M. , Kacena William J. , Landis William J. , Boskey Adele L. , Bouxsein Mary L. , Horowitz Mark C. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractMice deficient in GATA‐1 or NF‐E2, transcription factors required for normal megakaryocyte (MK) development, have increased numbers of MKs, reduced numbers of platelets, and a striking high bone mass phenotype. Here, we show the bone geometry, microarchitecture, biomechanical, biochemical, and mineral properties from these mutant mice. We found that the outer geometry of the mutant bones was similar to controls, but that both mutants had a striking increase in total bone area (up to a 35% increase) and trabecular bone area (up to a 19% increase). Interestingly, only the NF‐E2 deficient mice had a significant increase in cortical bone area (21%) and cortical thickness (27%), which is consistent with the increase in bone mineral density (BMD) seen only in the NF‐E2 deficient femurs. Both mutant femurs exhibited significant increases in several biomechanical properties including peak load (up to a 32% increase) and stiffness (up to a 13% increase). Importantly, the data also demonstrate differences between the two mutant mice. GATA‐1 deficient femurs break in a ductile manner, whereas NF‐E2 deficient femurs are brittle in nature. To better understand these differences, we examined the mineral properties of these bones. Although none of the parameters measured were different between the NF‐E2 deficient and control mice, an increase in calcium (21%) and an increase in the mineral/matrix ratio (32%) was observed in GATA‐1 deficient mice. These findings appear to contradict biomechanical findings, suggesting the need for further research into the mechanisms by which GATA‐1 and NF‐E2 deficiency alter the material properties of bone. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 1594–1600, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Isolation of Arthrobacter species from the phyllosphere and demonstration of their epiphytic fitness
Authors: Scheublin Tanja R. , Leveau Johan H. J. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBacteria of the genus Arthrobacter are common inhabitants of the soil environment, but can also be recovered from leaf surfaces (the phyllosphere). Using enrichment cultures on 4‐chlorophenol, we succeeded in specifically isolating Arthrobacter bacteria from ground cover vegetation in an apple orchard. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the isolates were found to belong to at least three different species of Arthrobacter. Compared to the model bacterial epiphyte Pantoea agglomerans, the Arthrobacter isolates performed as well or even better in a standardized laboratory test of phyllosphere fitness. A similar performance was observed with the well‐characterized soil isolate Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6. These findings suggest that the frequently reported presence of Arthrobacter strains on plant foliage can be explained by the capacity to multiply and persist in the phyllosphere environment. As bacteria from the genus Arthrobacter are known for their ability to degrade a wide variety of organic pollutants, their high phyllosphere competency marks them as a promising group for future studies on phyllosphere‐based bioremediation, for example, as foliar bioaugmentation on ground cover or buffer‐zone vegetation to prevent pesticides from reaching soil, surface‐, or groundwater.
Floquet topological insulators
Authors: Cayssol Jérôme , Dóra Balázs , Simon Ferenc , Moessner Roderich 
Published: January 2013

Abstractmagnified imageTopological insulators represent unique phases of matter with insulating bulk and conducting edge or surface states, immune to small perturbations such as backscattering due to disorder. This stems from their peculiar band structure, which provides topological protections. While conventional tools (pressure, doping etc.) to modify the band structure are available, time periodic perturbations can provide tunability by adding time as an extra dimension enhanced to the problem. In this short review, we outline the recent research on topological insulators in non‐equilibrium situations. Firstly, we introduce briefly the Floquet formalism that allows to describe steady states of the electronic system with an effective time‐independent Hamiltonian. Secondly, we summarize recent theoretical work on how light irradiation drives semi‐metallic graphene or a trivial semiconducting system into a topological phase. Finally, we show how photons can be used to probe topological edge or surface states. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Adolescents' perceptions of institutional fairness: Relations with moral reasoning, emotions, and behavior
Authors: Arsenio William F. , Preziosi Susanna , Silberstein Erica , Hamburger Benjamin 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis article addresses how low‐income urban adolescents view the fairness of different aspects of American society, including how wealth is distributed, the nature of legal constraints, and overall social opportunities and legitimacy. This research emerged from efforts to understand the moral and emotional nature of some adolescents' aggressive tendencies. Recently it has become clearer that aggression can serve many purposes and that, for some adolescents, aggression is a coherent though problematic response to larger familial, neighborhood, and institutional forces. Consequently, the authors focus on the connections between low‐income adolescents' perceptions of institutional and interpersonal fairness, certain aggressive tendencies, and related emotion judgments. At the same time, relatively little is known about how low‐income adolescents as a group perceive the fairness of wealth distribution and other broad aspects of American society. Consequently, a second important goal is to examine these adolescents' normative beliefs about institutional fairness at a time of growing financial and educational inequalities in the United States.
Transnasal endoscopic approach with powered instrumentation for treating squamous papilloma in the nasopharyngeal surface of the soft palate
Authors: Lee J-H , Lee Y-O , Lee C-H , Cho K-S 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjective:To demonstrate a safe and effective method for complete resection of squamous papilloma in the nasopharyngeal surface of the soft palate. This technique was used on a patient in whom the papilloma had twice recurred following uvulopalatopharyngoplasty.Methods:Case report and review of the relevant literature.Results:The patient reported in this paper had recurrent squamous papilloma in the nasopharyngeal surface of the soft palate following uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. He also suffered from nasal regurgitation when drinking water. This lesion, which was difficult to access, was successfully treated via a transnasal endoscopic approach using powered instrumentation.Conclusion:This case report highlights a novel approach for the complete removal of a recurrent papilloma in a relatively inaccessible location. Compared with a transoral approach such as uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, the transnasal endoscopic approach using powered instrumentation could provide a safer, faster, easier and less invasive means of treating squamous papilloma in the nasopharyngeal surface of the soft palate, especially for a lesion that recurs following a transoral approach.
Second language acquisition of English questions: An elicited production study
Authors: POZZAN LUCIA , QUIRK ERIN 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTThe present study investigates the role of the syntactic properties of the first and the target language on second language (L2) learners’ production of English main and embedded clause questions. The role of the first language (L1) was investigated by comparing the production of L2 learners whose L1s (Chinese and Spanish) differ from English and each other in terms of word order in main and embedded clause questions. The role of the target language was investigated by comparing L2 learners’ production of yes/no and adjunct and argumentwh-questions. The results indicate that the L1 is not a predictor of L2 learners’ production patterns for either main or embedded clause questions. The linguistic properties of the target language, on the contrary, predict learners’ accuracy and inversion profiles. In line with data from the English L1 acquisition literature, L2 learners produced higher inversion rates in main clause yes/no than inwh-questions, and particularly low inversion rates withwhy-questions. In line with data from nonstandard varieties of English and preliminary evidence from L1 acquisition, L2 learners produced higher nonstandard inversion rates in embedded clausewh-questions than in yes/no questions. Taken together, these results highlight that L2 production is affected and constrained by the same factors at play in L1 acquisition and dialectal variation.
7‐Chloro‐4‐quinolinyl Hydrazones: A Promising and Potent Class of Antileishmanial Compounds
Authors: Coimbra Elaine S. , Antinarelli Luciana M. R. , da Silva Adilson D. , Bispo Marcelle L. F. , Kaiser Carlos R. , de Souza Marcus V. N. 
Published: January 2013

In this work, we report the antileishmanial evaluation of twenty 7‐chloro‐4‐quinolinyl hydrazone derivatives (1–20). Firstly, the compounds were tested against promastigotes of four different Leishmania species. After that, all derivatives were assayed against L. braziliensis amastigotes and murine macrophages. Furthermore, it was investigated whether the antiamastigote L. braziliensis effect of the compounds could be associated with nitric oxide production. Compounds 6 and 7 showed a strong leishmanicidal activity against intracellular parasite with IC50 in nanogram levels (30 and 20 ng/mL, respectively). Appreciable activity of three compounds tested can be considered an important finding for the rational design of new leads for antileishmanial compounds.
Serum albumin level during intestinal exfoliative rejection: a potential predictor of graft recovery and patient outcome
Authors: Zambernardi Agustina , Gondolesi Gabriel , Cabanne Ana , Martinez María I. , Solar Héctor , Rumbo Martín , Rumbo Carolina 
Published: January 2013

AbstractExfoliative rejection is a severe complication after intestinal transplant. The assessment of mucosa histology is restricted to the area reached by endoscopy. We aim to evaluate the serum albumin (SA) value as a parameter of graft damage and clinical prognosis in intestinal exfoliative rejection (ExR). The present study is a retrospective analysis of 11 episodes of ExR occurred in a cohort of 26 patients. SA levels were measured 24 h after diagnosis and twice a week thereafter and then correlated with parameters of clinical and graft histological recovery (HR). During ExR, all patients had very low SA levels, reaching a minimum average of 1.9 ± 0.3 g/dL. According to the value of albumin levels at ExR diagnosis, the patients were grouped finding a correlation with their clinical evolution. Six ExR episodes presented with severe hipoalbuminemia (<2.2 g/dL; p < 0.05) that correlated with worse patient and graft outcome, ranging from graft loss and need for re‐transplantation to delayed clinical and HR. SA at ExR diagnosis may be an indicator of the severity of the ExR process, and it could also be used as an early predictor of patient and graft outcome.
Genome wide SNP discovery in flax through next generation sequencing of reduced representation libraries
Authors: Kumar Santosh , You Frank M , Cloutier Sylvie 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is a significant fibre and oilseed crop. Current flax molecular markers, including isozymes, RAPDs, AFLPs and SSRs are of limited use in the construction of high density linkage maps and for association mapping applications due to factors such as low reproducibility, intense labour requirements and/or limited numbers. We report here on the use of a reduced representation library strategy combined with next generation Illumina sequencing for rapid and large scale discovery of SNPs in eight flax genotypes. SNP discovery was performed through in silico analysis of the sequencing data against the whole genome shotgun sequence assembly of flax genotype CDC Bethune. Genotyping-by-sequencing of an F6-derived recombinant inbred line population provided validation of the SNPs.

Results
Reduced representation libraries of eight flax genotypes were sequenced on the Illumina sequencing platform resulting in sequence coverage ranging from 4.33 to 15.64X (genome equivalents). Depending on the relatedness of the genotypes and the number and length of the reads, between 78% and 93% of the reads mapped onto the CDC Bethune whole genome shotgun sequence assembly. A total of 55,465 SNPs were discovered with the largest number of SNPs belonging to the genotypes with the highest mapping coverage percentage. Approximately 84% of the SNPs discovered were identified in a single genotype, 13% were shared between any two genotypes and the remaining 3% in three or more. Nearly a quarter of the SNPs were found in genic regions. A total of 4,706 out of 4,863 SNPs discovered in Macbeth were validated using genotyping-by-sequencing of 96 F6 individuals from a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between CDC Bethune and Macbeth, corresponding to a validation rate of 96.8%.

Conclusions
Next generation sequencing of reduced representation libraries was successfully implemented for genome-wide SNP discovery from flax. The genotyping-by-sequencing approach proved to be efficient for validation. The SNP resources generated in this work will assist in generating high density maps of flax and facilitate QTL discovery, marker-assisted selection, phylogenetic analyses, association mapping and anchoring of the whole genome shotgun sequence.
Self- and Dopant Diffusion in Extrinsic Boron Doped Isotopically Controlled Silicon Multilayer Structures
Authors: Sharp Ian D. , Bracht Hartmut A. , Silvestri Hughes H. , Nicols Samuel P. , Beeman Jeffrey W. , Hansen John L. , Larsen Arne Nylandsted , Haller Eugene E. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIsotopically controlled silicon multilayer structures were used to measure the enhancement of self- and dopant diffusion in extrinsic boron doped silicon. 30Si was used as a tracer through a multilayer structure of alternating natural Si and enriched 28Si layers. Low energy, high resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) allowed for simultaneous measurement of self- and dopant diffusion profiles of samples annealed at temperatures between 850°C and 1100°C. A specially designed ion-implanted amorphous Si surface layer was used as a dopant source to suppress excess defects in the multilayer structure, thereby eliminating transient enhanced diffusion (TED) behavior. Self- and dopant diffusion coefficients, diffusion mechanisms, and native defect charge states were determined from computer-aided modeling, based on differential equations describing the diffusion processes. We present a quantitative description of B diffusion enhanced self-diffusion in silicon and conclude that the diffusion of both B and Si is mainly mediated by neutral and singly positively charged self-interstitials under p-type doping. No significant contribution of vacancies to either B or Si diffusion is observed.
Unconventional Shale Play Selective Fracturing Using Multilateral Technology
Authors: Durst Doug G. , Vento Mario 
Published: January 2013

AbstractDrilling, completing, and fracturing of unconventional formation wells in North America are now commonplace and will begin to play a role in the future of natural gas production in the international market. What is not as common is to drill, complete, and frac multiple lateral branches from a single main wellbore. Multilateral wells have been routinely drilled for a number of applications, and shale plays are a natural progression for its use. Augmenting a multilateral well with selective fracturing of each leg is as straightforward as fracing a single horizontal well.Using conventional equipment and techniques, a multilateral well (with any number of laterals) can accommodate any type of fracturing system and program with pressures up to 12,500 psi with complete isolation of the lateral junction(s). In this project, a plug-and-perf system was used to address ten plus intervals in each leg, with average stimulation pressures up to 9,000 psi.Multilateral solutions provide the means to work within a limited surface access, generating a reduced footprint while draining a much larger volume of the reservoir from a single-surface location. This poses a significant advantage when drilling in sensitive or restricted locations, populated areas, and where land issues restrict access to multiple drilling locations. Additionally, the cost and impact of large drilling pads or multiple well sites is avoided.This paper will discuss the implementation and execution of this project, the first dual-lateral well by any operator in the Granite Wash at vertical depths over 12,000 ft. This well targeted two different sections of the Granite Wash (a complex series of sands, shales, and siltstones that run from the northern Texas Panhandle into Oklahoma) from a single main wellbore, with commingled production rates doubling typical single horizontal well performance.
Six Steps to Successfully Design and Execute Hydraulic Fractures in the Khulud Exploration Area, North Oman
Authors: Moiseenkov Alexey , Briner Andreas , Urquhart Moira , Harianta Rudi 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
In 2009 Petroleum Development Oman LLC (PDO) started an ambitious tight and deep gas exploration programme, exploring for previously untapped reservoirs, both conventional tight gas plays as well as deep unconventional gas resources. These resources are typically in previously undrilled formations at great depths, highly overpressurized with high temperatures, and uncertain fluid fill and composition. The unique geological properties of this type of reservoir require different strategies and technology deployment in order to make them viable and sustainable (Briner et al., 2012).
With unique geomechanical, reservoir, and geological properties, some of the large gas-bearing prospects within the Fahud Basin such as the Khulud exploration area require innovative and complex drilling, completion and fracturing practices. A revised hydraulic fracturing execution workflow, with specific technology application, has been developed in order to account for such geological and reservoir complexity. Because of the uniqueness of the structure in terms of depth, temperature, reservoir pressure and stresses, different strategies should be used for successful hydraulic fracturing.
This paper demonstrates the changes to the original understanding of fracturing processes and execution in order to achieve successful fracturing implementation, production testing and reservoir evaluation. Six main aspects are covered, these are as follows: abrasive jetting perforations as a standard application, fracturing fluid optimization in HPHT environment, modified fluid design, stair-step ramping of the pumping schedule, engineered fracture design to achieve sufficient fracture length and conductivity and post-frac flow-back monitoring and assessment.
Anisotropic interpolation error estimates via orthogonal expansions
Authors: Li Mingxia , Mao Shipeng 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
We prove anisotropic interpolation error estimates for quadrilateral and hexahedral elements with all possible shape function spaces, which cover the intermediate families, tensor product families and serendipity families. Moreover, we show that the anisotropic interpolation error estimates hold for derivatives of any order. This goal is accomplished by investigating an interpolation defined via orthogonal expansions.
Les productions locales : une alternative au productivisme mondialisé ?
Authors: Druguet Aurélie 
Published: January 2013

Résumé À travers une étude de cas portant sur la valorisation commerciale de variétés locales de riz, le tinawon , produites par les communautés Ifugao des Philippines, cet article a pour objectif d’interroger les modèles agricoles qui privilégient la qualité des productions locales plutôt que la productivité d’aliments de qualité standardisée et d’analyser leur mise en œuvre, leur succès tout comme leurs limites et leur impact au niveau local. L’émergence du projet de commercialisation du tinawon dans la Province Ifugao intervient dans une période de crise mondiale à la fois économique, agricole et environnementale. Les enjeux liés à la production rizicole sont multiples : sécurité alimentaire, développement socioéconomique, conservation de l’environnement ainsi que des paysages de terrasses et de la culture locale. Les dynamiques de développement et de conservation entrent parfois en contradiction au niveau local. Au final, nous verrons que le potentiel de ces productions locales à répondre à ces enjeux socioéconomiques et environnementaux doit à chaque fois être contextualisé. La nature du produit, culturel et denrée de base pour le riz tinawon , les politiques agricoles nationales, promouvant la productivité et les variétés améliorées aux Philippines, les modèles de production locale, l’autoconsommation prévalant chez les Ifugao, ainsi que l’ouverture des producteurs au marché global et au système capitaliste, peuvent constituer des facteurs limitants. La réussite de tels modèles ne peut alors se faire sans l’apport d’innovations sociales, économiques et techniques dans le système local. Mais à quel prix ?
Neo‐Aristotelian Ethical Naturalism
Authors: Hursthouse Rosalind 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe proponents of neo‐Aristotelian ethical naturalism (henceforth “Aristotelian naturalism” for short) include Foot (2001), Geach (1956, 1977), Hursthouse (1999), McDowell (1995), MacIntyre (1999), Nussbaum (1993, 1995), and Thompson (1995); and also Anscombe because her work has influenced so many others. (Gaut [1997, 2002] should also be known as a significant contributor.) Their views are so unlike those of other proponents of ethical naturalism (seeNaturalism, Ethical), and they occupy such an unfamiliar position in philosophy, that they are simultaneously criticized on at least two quite different bases. Some say they are not trying to offer naturalism at all, because they avowedly employ a moralized conception of human nature; some say they are trying to offer naturalism insofar as they offer a biological foundation for ethics, but that either this has counterintuitive upshots or the biology is Aristotle's and thereby pre‐Darwinian and not a proper naturalistic foundation at all.