bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Search of a Theoretical Framework for Practice, Part 2
Authors: Jenkins Mary , Brotherton Chris 
Published: April 2015

In this work, the position is taken that practice is a knowledge-rich domain where knowledge use and knowledge creation intertwine. This article presents a learning-in-practice model of occupational therapy which anchors occupational therapy theory within the reality of occupational therapy practice, identifying theory and practice as one entity. The model takes issue with the theory/practice paradigm of practical professions and suggests that, in occupational therapy, the real world situation of practice and clients' life-world contexts are the most fitting frames of reference for practitioners. The model, arising from the thesis ‘Occupational therapy: perspectives on the effectiveness of practice’ (Jenkins, 1994), implies that professional effectiveness is not dependent only on the concept of reflection in and on action as espoused by Schön (1987) but, in effect, hinges on a ‘community of practice’ wherein learning is situated, ongoing and continuous and occurs in action, in discussion and in periods of personal reflection, purposively and incidentally. Part 1 introduced the work and described Lave's and Wenger's Situated Learning Perspective, from which this practice model is derived; the model's four basic constituents – community, context, access and language – were presented. Part 2 identifies these in the occupational therapy setting and forwards the notion that the model is the kernel of democratic professionalism.
Occupational Therapy for Elderly Patients: A New Experience at ‘Policlinico Gemelli, Rome
Authors: Landi F , Bernabei R , Smallwood B , Manigrasso L , Zuccalà G , Cocchi A , Antico L , De Angelis G , Carbonin P U 
Published: April 2015

This article considers the importance of rehabilitation in the medical care of elderly patients. It discusses a pilot project being carried out at ‘Policlinico Gemelll’ hospital of Rome, which enables patients to achieve the maximum level of independence and a satisfactory quality of life. The article is published as part of the College of Occupational Therapists' current focus on ‘Equalising Opportunities’.
Applying Phenomenology in Research: Problems, Principles and Practice
Authors: Finlay Linda 
Published: April 2015

Interest in phenomenological research has been growing steadily over the last decade as researchers have sought to capture the richness of individual experience. However, the sheer complexity of ideas embedded within phenomenology is challenging. Confusions abound as to what phenomenology means, let alone how to apply it as a research method. Misconceptions and contradictions are apparent in the literature. This paper starts with a broad review of some current phenomenological literature relevant to occupational therapy. The key principles of the phenomenological approach are then clarified, followed by an exploration of how these might be applied practically in research.
Transcultural Occupational Therapy in the United Kingdom: Concepts and Research
Authors: Howarth Alexandra , Jones Derek 
Published: April 2015

The United Kingdom (UK) today is an ethnically diverse society. Legislation and the profession's own code of conduct highlight the need for occupational therapists to engage in culturally sensitive practice. This article comprises a contextual analysis of transcultural occupational therapy in the UK based upon a review of the research published in the British Journal of Occupational Therapy during 1990–1997. The article focuses initially on terminology to allow a clearer understanding of the issues surrounding transcultural service provision, and the dominant models currently used to conceptualise and implement transcultural practice in health care are also outlined. Discussion of both provides the contextual basis for an analysis of the research. From the material examined, it appears that cultural sensitivity needs to be developed at all levels before occupational therapists can be said to be providing an equitable service to the ethnically diverse communities of the UK.
Soccer-Related Injuries in Children and Adults Aged 5 to 49 Years in US Emergency Departments From 2000 to 2012
Authors: Esquivel Amanda O. , Bruder Adrienne , Ratkowiak Kaitlyn , Lemos Stephen E. 
Published: April 2015

Background: An increase in soccer-related injuries occurred in the United States between 2000 and 2012; however, most studies of soccer-related injuries have only examined the pediatric population and not adults. Hypothesis: The number of soccer injuries is increasing in both the pediatric and adult populations. There are differences in injury types and counts when comparing male and female players within various age groups. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: This retrospective analysis surveyed the US Consumer Product Safety Commission’s National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database from 2000 to 2012 for soccer-related injuries in children and adults aged 5 to 49 years. Results: From 2000 to 2012, there were an estimated 2,472,066 soccer-related injuries among 5- to 49-year-olds; 629,994 (25.5%) in adults (aged 20-49 years). The overall estimated pediatric injury count increased significantly over the time period ( R2 = 0.764, P < 0.001). In the 20- to 49-year age range, there was also a significant increase in the estimated number of injuries over the 13-year period, from 41,292 injuries in 2000 to 55,743 in 2012 ( R2 = 0.719, P < 0.001). The estimated injury counts for male players were significantly higher than female players in any given year for all age groups ( P < 0.001). Girls aged 5 to 19 years were more likely to have lower extremity injuries than boys (odds ratio [OR], 1.256; 95% CI, 1.214-1.299; P < 0.001). The most common injuries reported were strain/sprains (33.3%), fractures (23.7%), and contusions and abrasions (17.4%) within the 5- to 49-year age category. In both sexes, strains and sprains were significantly lower among 5- to 19-year-olds in comparison with 20- to 49-year-olds (OR, 0.740; 95% CI, 0.714-0.766; P < 0.001). Conclusion: There are age- and sex-related differences in estimated injury count, body part injured, type of injury, and hospital admissions for soccer. Also, estimated injury count increased over the 2000 to 2012 time period. Clinical Relevance: This study demonstrates that there are differences between pediatric and adult injuries, based on sex, body part, type of injury, and hospital admissions.
Primary human nasal epithelial cell response to titanium surface with a nanonetwork structure in nasal implant applications
Authors: Yang Wei-En , Lan Ming-Ying , Lee Sheng-Wei , Chang Jeng-Kuei , Huang Her-Hsiung 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
In nasal reconstruction applications, the response of cells to titanium (Ti) implants is largely determined by the surface characteristics of the implant. This study investigated an electrochemical anodization surface treatment intended to improve the response of primary human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpC) to Ti surfaces in nasal implant applications. We used a simple and fast electrochemical anodization treatment, i.e., applying anodic current, to produce a titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanonetwork layer on the Ti surface with average lateral pore size below 100 nm, depending on the current applied. The TiO2 nanonetwork layer exhibited enhanced hydrophilicity and protein adsorption ability compared with untreated Ti surfaces. In addition, the spreading morphology, cytoskeletal arrangement, and proliferation of HNEpC on the nanonetwork layer indicated excellent cell response characteristics. This research advances our understanding regarding the means by which a TiO2 nanonetwork layer can improve the response of HNEpC to Ti surfaces in nasal implant applications.
Regulation of the forming process and the set voltage distribution of unipolar resistance switching in spin-coated CoFe2O4 thin films
Authors: Mustaqima Millaty , Yoo Pilsun , Huang Wei , Lee Bo Wha , Liu Chunli 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
We report the preparation of (111) preferentially oriented CoFe2O4 thin films on Pt(111)/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrates using a spin-coating process. The post-annealing conditions and film thickness were varied for cobalt ferrite (CFO) thin films, and Pt/CFO/Pt structures were prepared to investigate the resistance switching behaviors. Our results showed that resistance switching without a forming process is preferred to obtain less fluctuation in the set voltage, which can be regulated directly from the preparation conditions of the CFO thin films. Therefore, instead of thicker film, CFO thin films deposited by two times spin-coating with a thickness about 100 nm gave stable resistance switching with the most stable set voltage. Since the forming process and the large variation in set voltage have been considered as serious obstacles for the practical application of resistance switching for non-volatile memory devices, our results could provide meaningful insights in improving the performance of ferrite material-based resistance switching memory devices.
Whole genome prediction for preimplantation genetic diagnosis
Authors: Kumar Akash , Ryan Allison , Kitzman Jacob O , Wemmer Nina , Snyder Matthew W , Sigurjonsson Styrmir , Lee Choli , Banjevic Milena , Zarutskie Paul W , Lewis Alexandra P , Shendure Jay , Rabinowitz Matthew 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Background
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) enables profiling of embryos for genetic disorders prior to implantation. The majority of PGD testing is restricted in the scope of variants assayed or by the availability of extended family members. While recent advances in single cell sequencing show promise, they remain limited by bias in DNA amplification and the rapid turnaround time (<36 h) required for fresh embryo transfer. Here, we describe and validate a method for inferring the inherited whole genome sequence of an embryo for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD).

Methods
We combine haplotype-resolved, parental genome sequencing with rapid embryo genotyping to predict the whole genome sequence of a day-5 human embryo in a couple at risk of transmitting alpha-thalassemia.

Results
Inheritance was predicted at approximately 3 million paternally and/or maternally heterozygous sites with greater than 99% accuracy. Furthermore, we successfully phase and predict the transmission of an HBA1/HBA2 deletion from each parent.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that preimplantation whole genome prediction may facilitate the comprehensive diagnosis of diseases with a known genetic basis in embryos.
Retinal venous pressure in chronic smokers
Authors: Vahedian Zakieh , Amini Heidar , Tehrani Mehdi Hosseini , Zarei Reza , Moghimi Sasan , Mozaffarieh Maneli , Fakhraie Ghasem 
Published: April 2015

Abstract

Background
The overall aim of this study was to determine retinal venous pressure (RVP) in healthy chronic smokers and compare values to those of healthy non-smokers.

Methods
Both eyes of 25 healthy chronic smokers and 41 healthy non-smokers were included. Measurements of RVP were performed by means of contact lens ophthalmodynamometry. Ophthalmodynamometry is done by applying increasing force on the eye via a contact lens. If a spontaneous venous pulsation was present, it was noted. If not, the compressive force was increased until the first venous pulsation was detected, and the measurement value was fixed and read. RVP was calculated as the sum of pressure increase induced by the instrument and intraocular pressure.

Results
Smokers had a significantly higher frequency of spontaneous venous pulsations than non-smokers (p < 0.001). Mean values of RVP were slightly lower in smokers than in non-smokers: 15.3 and 15.5 (smokers) versus 15.9 and 16.2 (non-smokers) for the right and left eye, respectively; however, the difference in RVP between the two groups did not reach significance. There was no significant difference in blood pressure between the two groups, but heart rate was significantly higher in smokers (p = 0.043).

Conclusions
RVP values may differ in healthy smokers than in non-smokers. Therefore, smoking habits should be considered when interpreting RVP results.
“The value of pre‐ and co‐seasonal sublingual immunotherapy in pollen‐induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis”
Authors: Demoly Pascal , Calderon Moises A , Casale Thomas B , Malling Hans‐Jørgen , Wahn Ulrich 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAllergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a guidelines‐approved, disease‐modifying treatment option for respiratory allergies, including allergic rhinitis (AR) induced by pollen. The various AIT regimens employed to date in pollen‐induced AR can be classified as continuous (i.e. year‐round) or discontinuous (i.e. pre‐seasonal alone, co‐seasonal alone or pre‐ and co‐seasonal). Pre‐and co‐seasonal regimens are typically used for sublingual allergen immunotherapy (SLIT) and have economic and compliance advantages over perennial (year‐round) regimens. However, these advantages must not come at the expensive of poor efficacy or safety. The results of recent double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized clinical trials show that pre‐ and co‐seasonal SLIT is safe and effective in patients with AR induced by grass pollen (treated with a tablet formulation) or by birch pollen (treated with a liquid formulation). Progress in SLIT has been made in defining the optimal dose of major allergen, the administration frequency (daily), the duration of pre‐seasonal treatment (four months) and the number of treatment seasons (at least three). Post‐marketing, “real‐life” trials of pre‐ and co‐seasonal birch or grass pollen SLIT regimens have confirmed the efficacy and safety observed in the clinical trials. In the treatment of pollen‐induced AR, pre‐ and co‐seasonal SLIT regimens appear to be at least as effective and safe as perennial SLIT regimens, and are associated with lower costs and good compliance. Good compliance may mean that pre‐ and co‐seasonal SLIT regimens are inherently more effective and safer than perennial SLIT regimens. When considering the pre‐ and co‐seasonal discontinuous regimen in particular, a 300 IR five‐grass‐pollen formulation is the only SLIT tablet with a clinical development programme having provided evidence of short‐term, sustained and post‐treatment efficacy.
Efficient in vivo antitumor effect of an immunotoxin based on ribotoxin α-sarcin in nude mice bearing human colorectal cancer xenografts
Authors: Tomé-Amat Jaime , Olombrada Miriam , Ruiz-de-la-Herrán Javier , Pérez-Gómez Eduardo , Andradas Clara , Sánchez Cristina , Martínez Leopoldo , Martínez-del-Pozo Álvaro , Gavilanes José G , Lacadena Javier 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Tagging of RNases, such as the ribotoxin α-sarcin, with the variable domains of antibodies directed to surface antigens that are selectively expressed on tumor cells endows cellular specificity to their cytotoxic action. A recombinant single-chain immunotoxin based on the ribotoxin α-sarcin (IMTXA33αS), produced in the generally regarded as safe (GRAS) yeast Pichia pastoris, has been recently described as a promising candidate for the treatment of colorectal cancer cells expressing the glycoprotein A33 (GPA33) antigen, due to its high specific and effective cytotoxic effect on in vitro assays against targeted cells. Here we report the in vivo antitumor effectiveness of this immunotoxin on nude mice bearing GPA33-positive human colon cancer xenografts. Two sets of independent assays were performed, including three experimental groups: control (PBS) and treatment with two different doses of immunotoxin (50 or 100 μg/ injection) (n = 8). Intraperitoneal administration of IMTXA33αS resulted in significant dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition. In addition, the remaining tumors excised from immunotoxin-treated mice showed absence of the GPA33 antigen and a clear inhibition of angiogenesis and proliferative capacity. No signs of immunotoxin-induced pathological changes were observed from specimens tissues. Overall these results show efficient and selective cytotoxic action on tumor xenografts, combined with the lack of severe side effects, suggesting that IMTXA33αS is a potential therapeutic agent against colorectal cancer.
A bi-objective model for uncertain multi-modal shortest path problems
Authors: Zhang Yan , Liu Pei , Yang Lixing , Gao Yuan 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This paper employs uncertain programming to investigate the uncertain multi-modal shortest path problem, in which the arc weights (arc travel time, arc travel costs) associated with different transport modes are characterized by uncertain variables. By using the chance-constrained programming approach, we firstly formulate a bi-objective optimization model to minimize the total travel time and travel costs simultaneously with the given confidence levels. Moreover, using the basic concepts and properties in the uncertainty theory, we transform the proposed model into its deterministic crisp equivalent with an explicit proof. Finally, some numerical experiments are implemented to show the performance of the proposed approaches on a multi-modal transportation network with three specific modes.
SWOG S0925: A Randomized Phase II Study of Androgen Deprivation Combined With Cixutumumab Versus Androgen Deprivation Alone in Patients With New Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
Authors: Yu Evan Y. , Li Hongli , Higano Celestia S. , Agarwal Neeraj , Pal Sumanta K. , Alva Ajjai , Heath Elisabeth I. , Lam Elaine T. , Gupta Shilpa , Lilly Michael B. , Inoue Yoshio , Chi Kim N. , Vogelzang Nicholas J. , Quinn David I. , Cheng Heather H. , Plymate Stephen R. , Hussain Maha , Tangen Catherine M. , Thompson Ian M. 
Published: April 2015

Purpose Cixutumumab, formerly IMC-A12, is a recombinant human monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 antibody that targets insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR). Cixutumumab was synergistic with castration in a hormone-sensitive prostate cancer xenograft model. Patients and Methods Patients with new metastatic prostate cancer were randomly assigned within 30 days of initiating androgen deprivation (AD) to cixutumumab added to a luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone agonist with bicalutamide versus AD alone. With 180 patients and one-sided alpha of 0.10, there would be 90% power to detect an absolute 20% difference in undetectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA; ≤ 0.2 ng/mL) rate at 28 weeks (relative risk, 1.44); this end point was previously strongly correlated with survival. Secondary end points included the proportion of patients with PSA > 4.0 ng/mL, safety and tolerability, circulating tumor cell (CTC) levels, and seven plasma IGF-IR biomarkers. Fisher's exact test was used for the primary end point, and extended Mantel-Haenszel χ2 test was used for three PSA response categories. Results The trial accrued 210 eligible patients (105 randomly assigned to each arm). Patient characteristics were similar in both arms. Undetectable PSA rate was 42 (40.0%) of 105 for cixutumumab plus AD and 34 (32.3%) of 105 for AD alone (relative risk, 1.24; one-sided P = .16). Lower baseline CTCs (0 v 1 to 4 v ≥ 5/7.5 mL whole blood) were associated with higher rate of PSA response (three categories; P = .036) in 39 evaluable patients. IGF-IR biomarkers were not correlated with PSA outcome, and cixutumumab did not significantly change these biomarker levels. Conclusion Cixutumumab plus AD did not significantly increase the undetectable PSA rate in men with new metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. CTCs at baseline may carry prognostic value.
Gelation by Novel Aprotic Low-molecular-mass Organic Gelators Based on a Gemini 4-[2-(Perfluorobutyl)ethylthio]phenoxy Unit
Authors: Yoshida Tomohiro , Nakamura Toru , Morita Yuki , Okamoto Hiroaki 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
We found novel aprotic low-molecular-mass organic gelators (LMOGs) with simple molecular structure based on a gemini 4-[2-(perfluorobutyl)ethylthio]phenoxy unit. These aprotic LMOGs formed a physical gel with a thermally reversible sol–gel phase transition in a wide variety of alcoholic and polar solvents such as 1-octanol and propylene carbonate at concentrations below 1 wt %.
Aza-Henry Reaction Using DMSO as a Solvent
Authors: Isobe Toshihiro , Kato Atsuki , Oriyama Takeshi 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) under the influence of molecular sieves (MS) 4A the aza-Henry reaction of various N-tosylimines with nitroalkanes proceeded smoothly to afford β-nitroamines in high yields.
Separation of Semiconducting Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes Using a Flavin Compound
Authors: Kato Yuichi , Fukuzawa Masashi , Toshimitsu Fumiyuki , Nakashima Naotoshi 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
We describe the finding that a flavin molecule carrying a 10-dodecyl long alkyl chain is highly selective when sorting semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) by ca. 99% purity from a semiconducting/metallic SWNT mixture, which was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. The separated SWNT solution was also characterized by vis–near IR absorption spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy.
In Situ Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) on Carbon Nanotubes and Graphenes by Sonochemical Reaction for CO2 Adsorbents
Authors: Yoo JongTae , Lee SuHyun , Hirata Shinsuke , Kim ChaeRin , Lee Chang Kee , Shiraki Tomohiro , Nakashima Naotoshi , Shim Jin Kie 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
We describe the in situ synthesis of the covalent organic framework-5 (COF-5) on the surfaces of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphenes having homogeneous CNT@COF-5 core–shell structures using a sonochemical reaction in one pot. CNT@COF-5 was found to show better CO2 adsorption than the pristine COF-5.
Preparation and Application of a New-type of Ordered Macroporous PANI/TiO2 Photocatalyst
Authors: Li Shi , Du Congcong , Zhao Dongfeng , Zheng Jingtang , Liu Hefeng , Wang Yongqiang 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
In this study, the polyaniline (PANI) film was uploaded uniformly on the surface of prepared macroporous titanium dioxide (TiO2) through the process of in situ oxidative polymerization. The obtained ordered macroporous PANI/TiO2 composites were used as photocatalyst to degrade organic wastewater. They displayed excellent photocatalytic ability and regenerative ability under the condition of visible light irradiation.
Sodium-ion Conducting Na3PS4 Electrolyte Synthesized via a Liquid-phase Process Using N-Methylformamide
Authors: Yubuchi So , Hayashi Akitoshi , Tatsumisago Masahiro 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Sulfide solid electrolytes with cubic Na3PS4 phase were firstly synthesized via a liquid-phase process. A yellow solution was obtained after the reaction of Na2S and P2S5 in N-methylformamide (NMF) solvent, and a cubic Na3PS4 was mainly precipitated by heat treatment for removing the solvent. The ionic conductivity of the obtained electrolyte was 2.6 × 10−6 S cm−1 at room temperature. The present conductivity is not as high as a Na+ ion conductor, but the prepared solution is useful for forming an electrolyte coating on electrode particles, which will improve the electrochemical performance of all-solid-state sodium batteries.