bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Absence of the genicular arterial anastomosis as generally depicted in textbooks
Authors: Sabalbal M , Johnson M , McAlister V 
Published: September 2013

Introduction Textbook representations of the genicular arterial anastomosis show a large direct communication between the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery (DBLCFA) and a genicular branch of the popliteal artery but this is not compatible with clinical experience. The aim of this study was to determine whether the arterial anastomosis at the knee is sufficient, in the event of traumatic disruption of the superficial femoral artery, to infuse protective agents or to place a stent to restore flow to the lower leg. Methods Dissection of ten cadaveric lower limbs was performed to photograph the arterial anatomy from the inguinal ligament to the tibial tubercle. Anastomosis with branches of the popliteal artery was classified as: ‘direct communication’, ‘approaching communication’ or ‘no evident communication’. Results A constant descending artery in the lateral thigh (LDAT) was found to have five types of origin: Type 1 (2/10 limbs) involved the lateral circumflex femoral branch of the femoral artery, Type 2 (3/10 limbs) the lateral circumflex femoral branch of the profunda femoris artery, Type 3 (1/10 limbs) the femoral artery, Type 4 (3/10 limbs) the superficial femoral artery and Type 5 (2/10 limbs) the profunda femoris artery. In one limb, there were two descending arteries (Types 4 and 5). Collateral circulation at the knee was also variable: direct communicating vessels (3/10 limbs); approaching vessels with possible communication via capillaries (5/10 limbs); no evident communication (2/10 limbs). Communicating vessels, if present, are too small to provide immediate collateral circulation. Conclusions Modern representations of the genicular arterial anastomosis are inaccurate, derived commonly from an idealised image that first appeared Gray’s Anatomy in 1910. The afferent vessel is not the DBLCFA. The majority of subjects have the potential to recruit collateral circulation via the LDAT following gradual obstruction to normal arterial flow, which may be important if the LDAT is removed for bypass or flap surgery. A direct communication is rarely present and is never as robust as generally depicted in textbooks.
NICE thromboprophylaxis guidelines are not associated with increased pericardial effusion after surgery of the proximal thoracic aorta
Authors: Rahman IA , Hussain A , Davies A , Bryan AJ 
Published: September 2013

Introduction In 2010 the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) released guidelines on venous thromboembolism. Strategy focused on risk assessment, antiembolic stockings, sequential compression devices, subcutaneous high dose enoxaparin (40mg), early mobilisation and hydration. The 40mg enoxaparin dose over the previous 20mg regimen was worrisome, and its effect on pericardial effusion rates and mortality in proximal aortic surgery was investigated. Methods Proximal aortic reconstructions performed between December 2008 and April 2011 were identified from prospectively collected data in a tertiary centre database. Retrospective analysis of patient notes was performed. Proximal aortic surgery patients were categorised as low dose (20mg) enoxaparin and high dose (40mg) enoxaparin, and compared for confounding variables. In-hospital, early and one-year readmission rates for pericardial effusion were ascertained from echocardiography reports. The primary outcome was total pericardial effusion rate. Secondary outcomes consisted of 30-day and 1-year mortality. Results A total of 198 patients underwent proximal thoracic aortic surgery. Nine patients were excluded due to early postoperative death (n=5) and missing patient records (n=4). This left 189 cases for analysis. There were 93 patients in the low dose group and 96 in the high dose group. Groups were comparable for age, cardiopulmonary bypass time, aortic cross-clamp time, postoperative warfarin and antiplatelet agents. Pericardial effusion rates up to one year were comparable (low dose 19% vs high dose 21%). Thirty-day mortality was lower in the low dose group (0 vs 3 deaths). There were four deaths up to one year but these were not attributable to increased enoxaparin. Conclusions Increased perioperative thromboprophylaxis dosage does not increase pericardial effusion rates or mortality in proximal aortic surgery.
Indications and early to mid-term results of ulnar head replacement
Authors: Warwick D , Shyamalan G , Balabanidou E 
Published: September 2013

Introduction The aim of this study was to explore the indications and show the early to mid-term results of ulnar head replacement for the treatment of pathological conditions of the distal radioulnar joint. Methods Our study group comprised 52 patients with a mean age of 64 years who had 56 ulnar head replacements. Seven were implanted to salvage an unstable deletive procedure; the rest were for primary treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and trauma. Concomitant procedures along with the ulnar head replacement included wrist arthrodesis, joint replacement and tendon transfers. Results The follow-up duration ranged from 1 year to 11 years (mean: 60 months, median: 60 months). In almost all of the patients, pain improved with a median visual analogue scale score of 2 (mean: 2.2, range: 0–8) and a median DASH (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) score of 12.5 (mean: 17.9, range: 0–56). Of the 52 patients, 47 reported they would have the same procedure again. Conclusions Ulnar head replacement appears to be a reliable and effective procedure solving several pathological problems of the distal radioulnar joint. We present a large patient group with a short to medium-term follow-up duration.
‘Media is sensational’: Art and mediation in the experience economy
Authors: White Duncan 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
In May 2012, I organized the symposium ‘Lighting the Cave’ at Central Saint Martins in London. The symposium set out ‘to interrogate themes of light, reflection and “truth” in and across the expanded field of artists’ film and video’. Sean Cubitt’s article, which follows this article, is a revised version of the keynote presentation he gave that day, entitled, ‘The shadow’, and sets the tone for much of what follows. ‘Lighting the cave’ was in many ways an extension of the exhibition, ‘Platon’s Mirror’ by the German artist, Mischa Kuball, a subtle and contemporary re-staging of Plato’s allegory of the cave in the context of modern media culture (CSM, 3–25 May 2012). Kuball’s mixed-media installation was also shown in the Lethaby Gallery at CSM during the symposium and triggered a number of ‘dialogues’ around themes of mediation in relation to artists’ practice in the twenty-first century. Fittingly, Kuball describes himself as more of a ‘mediator’ than an artist; something I wish to explore more fully here in relation to contemporary moving image practices. As part of this role as ‘mediator’ – which is less about producing art objects and more about creating situations – Kuball employs in his work what David Joselit has described as different ‘formats’, a term that complicates traditional notions of ‘media’. Rather than identifying his work within strict definitions of ‘film’ or ‘video’, Kuball uses light, travel, dialogue, code and public/private space as some of his ‘mediums’ or indeed ‘formats’. Notwithstanding, he often makes videos and employs the photographic within these practices. With Kuball’s practice as a starting point, this article will attempt to uncover the interconnected themes of artist as mediator and art as experience in relation to historical works made by artists using film.
Quantification of EGFR autoantibodies in the amplification phenomenon of HER2 in breast cancer
Authors: Olsen Dorte Aa. , Jakobsen Erik H. , Brandslund Ivan 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBackground:Gene amplification or overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor HER2/ErB2 is seen in 25–30% of patients with breast cancer and is related to an aggressive disease. The mechanism behind theHER2gene amplification is unknown, but it may be caused by continuous stimulation and activation. We hypothesised that autoantibodies against EGFR might have a stimulatory effect. To investigate this we developed a quantitative method to measure autoantibodies against EGFR in serum (S-EGFRAb).Methods:Serum samples from primary breast cancer patients were selected based on the degree of HER2 protein and gene amplification in the cancer tissue. Fifty patients had low levels of HER2 (≤16 ng/mg total protein) and noHER2gene amplification; 43 patients had high levels of HER2 (≥200 ng/mg total protein) andHER2gene amplification. Serum was also collected from controls consisting of 50 healthy age-matched women. An ELISA was developed to measure S-EGFRAb quantitatively.Results:No significant differences in S-EGFRAb concentrations were seen between patients with high and low levels of HER2 or between the patients and the controls. Furthermore, no significant correlations were observed between S-EGFRAb and stage, differentiation state, age or prognosis. A negative correlation (p=0.0022) was found between S-EGFRAb and disease free survival in the group of patients with relapse or death.Conclusions:S-EGFRAb can be measured accurately using the ELISA we developed. We conclude that autoantibodies against EGFR do not seem to be associated with theHER2gene amplification phenomenon.
Enrichment and enumeration of circulating tumor cells by efficient depletion of leukocyte fractions
Authors: Wu Shiyang , Liu Zhiming , Liu Suyan , Lin Li , Yang Weiwei , Xu Jiasen 
Published: September 2013

AbstractEnumeration and characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) can provide information on patient prognosis and treatment efficacy. However, CTCs are rare, making their isolation a major technological challenge. We developed a technique for enrichment, and subsequent characterization of CTCs based on efficient depletion of human leukocytes.: The technique (CanPatrolThe spiking experiments showed that the average efficacy of leukocytes depletion was 99.98% and the average tumor cells recovery was not lower than 80%. FISH could be used to performThe technique we developed allowed isolation and characterization of circulating epithelial tumor cells that do not express classical epithelial antigens. This potentially leads to a more accurate enumeration of the number of CTCs and is suitable for application to a broad range of cancers.
Finite dimensional representations of Khovanov–Lauda–Rouquier algebras I: Finite type
Authors: McNamara Peter J. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
We classify simple representations of Khovanov–Lauda–Rouquier algebras in finite type. The classification is in terms of a standard family of representations that is shown to yield the dual PBW basis in the Grothendieck group. Finally, we describe the global dimension of these algebras.
Entrapment of the small bowel due to improper closure of the parietal peritoneum: a rare cause of re-laparatomy after caesarean section
Authors: Erkılınç Selçuk , Oruç Ayla Sargın , Çelen Şevki , Behram Mustafa , Uğur Mustafa 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The most frequent surgical intervention in obstetric practice is a caesarean section, which is associated with several short- and long-term complications. Re-laparatomy after caesarean section is one of the most distressing of these complications and the reported incidence is 0.12–0.70%. The most common indications for re-laparatomy after caesarean section are bleeding, uterine atony, eventration and haematoma in the muscles. Herein, we report a case of entrapment of the small bowel caused by improper closure of the parieatal peritoneum after a caesarean section that required re-laparatomy. Closure of the parieatal peritoneum is recommended to avoid future development of adhesions, however, stitch intervals should be properly adjusted to prevent incarceration of the small bowel. We recommend closure of the peritoneum after caesarean section, however, stitch intervals should be kept at no more than 1.5 cm to avoid entrapment of the small bowel.
Ocular pharmacoscintigraphic and aqueous humoral drug availability of ganciclovir-loaded mucoadhesive nanoparticles in rabbits
Authors: Akhter Sohail , Ramazani Farshad , Ahmad Mohammad Zaki , Ahmad Farhan Jalees , Rahman Ziyaur , Bhatnagar Aseem , Storm Gert 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe present report describes the improved ocular retention and aqueous humoral drug availability of ganciclovir (GCV) when administered via topical instillation of different kind of nanoparticles onto the rabbit eye. GCV was loaded into PLGA nanoparticles, chitosan-coated nanoparticles and chitosan-coated niosomal nanoparticles. All three formulations contained nanoparticles equally round in shape with a mean particle size in the range of 180–200 nm. The ocular corneal retention property was evaluated by gamma scintigraphy, revealing that the clearance was slowest in the case of the chitosan-containing formulations. GCV in chitosan-coated PLGA nanoparticles and chitosan-coated niosomal nanoparticles showed approx. 6-fold higher aqueous humor drug availability as compared to a GCV solution and nearly 2.5-fold higher as compared to the chitosan-lacking GCV-PLGA nanoparticles. The results indicate that the use of a mucoadhesive chitosan coating can improve the ocular residence time and aqueous humoral availability of GCV when administered topically in nanoparticles.
Design, synthesis, antibacterial, and antifungal studies of novel 3-substituted coumarinyl-triazine derivatives
Authors: Modh Rahul P. , Patel Amit C. , Chikhalia Kishor H. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
A series of novel 3-substituted coumarinyl-triazine derivatives were designed and synthesized from 3-carboxycoumarins via consecutive Knoevenagel and Pinner reactions in water. All synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS, and elemental analysis. Further, in vitro screening was carried out against four bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi) and two fungal strains (Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus clavatus).
Physical therapy services in Israel for clients with developmental disabilities from a legal perspective
Authors: Jacob Tamar , Bruill Miriam , Cahana Carmit 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Background: In Israel, physical therapy (PT) services for clients with developmental disabilities (DD) and with intellectual developmental disabilities (IDD) are based on several laws. Similar to other health services, they are provided to children 0–3 years provided at ambulatory Child Developmental Centers, at ages 3–21 years provided at special-education settings, or at the residential centers in which they live. At ages 21 years and older, clients residing in supported living centers, are treated at their place of residence, and the rest are treated in their respective communities. This study aimed to describe PT services available to clients with DD and IDD throughout the lifespan and to assess the degree to which these services are provided as intended by the legislators.

Methods: This is a qualitative study using data from the websites of the Ministries of Health, Education and Social Affairs, and from personal interviews with heads of PT services in Israel.

Results: All over Israel, clients with DD and IDD are entitled to receive health services, including PT, throughout their lifespan. However, physical therapy services provided by Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs), which act under the National Health Insurance Law, are limited after the age of 3 years. The Ministry of Education’s PT system mainly provides a response to clients with chronic conditions, whereas the Ministry of Social Affairs serves the entire population with IDD, in the absence of a suitable response by the HMOs. Supervision of PT services in both ministries is partial and performed within the system.

Conclusions: PT services for clients with DD and IDD are provided throughout Israel and to all ages, as dictated by the law. However, the HMOs only provide services to very young clients.
On symmetry condition of images of Fourier – Gelfand – Graev integral transformation
Authors: Blagovestchenskii A. S. , Podymaka F.N. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- Considering some integral geometry problems it is used a so-called Fourier - Gelfand - Graev transformation. This mapping transforms an arbitrary function defined on the Lobachevsky space into a homogeneous function on a cone. For a function to be the Fourier -Gelfand -Graev image it is necessary and sufficient for some condition (symmetry condition) to be valid. In the present paper different forms of the symmetry condition are studied. A relation between the symmetry condition and a theorem of the expansion in continuous spectrum eigenfunctions of the Beltrami - Laplace operator on the Lobachevsky space is established.
Subdifferential inverse problems for evolution Navier – Stokes systems
Authors: Chebotarev A.Yu. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- A class of inverse problems in viscous flow is studied. A subdifferential condition is considered as an additional information about flow to determination not only the flow field but also the external conditions that bring on a flow. The abstract evolution inverse problem is reduced to evolution variational inequality. The applications to special inverse problems of hydrodynamics are considered.
Uniqueness theorems for a mammography inverse problem for the diffusion equation in the frequency domain
Authors: Romanov V. G. , He S. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- A mammography inverse problem for the diffusion equation in the frequency domain is considered. The extrapolated boundary condition is used in which the fluence is set to zero at an extrapolated boundary located a small distant away from (outside) the surface of the compressed breast. Uniqueness theorem is given for the linearized inverse problem of determining the diffusion and absorption coefficients from the reflection or transmission data at a single (non-zero) frequency.
Finding a Riemannian metric in the case when some of the components of a curvature’s tensor don’t depend on one of the variables
Authors: Amirov A.Kh. , Hacisalihoğlu H. H. , Rahmanov A.R. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- Existence and uniqueness of the solution of the problem of finding a Riemannian metric in the case when some of the components of a corresponding curvature tensor is independent of one of the variables, are investigated.
Direct and inverse problems for kinetic equations
Authors: Anikonov Yu.E. , Bardakov V.G. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- In this paper we develop the method of studying multi-dimensional inverse problems for kinetic equations. The method is based on spherical harmonics expansion. For finite expansion of given information, in particular, for finite Fourier transform, we formulate and prove the existence and uniqueness theorems in some classes of functions.
Location of a gas source in a geophysical problem
Authors: Bacchelli V. , Pagani C. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- A section of the Earth’s crust is bounded (in the vertical direction) by two parallel plane interfaces; beneath the lower interface there is an extended body of gas which diffuses through the crust to the upper surface, where it disperses in the atmosphere. Adopting a mathematical model proposed in [6] for this diffusion process, we want to locate the position of the lower subsurface by surface measurements of the pressure and concentration gradients at some time T . We estimate a value for the depth L of the subsurface and show that the relative error is small as we please, provided the time T is large enough.
Tikhonov regularization for an integral equation of the first kind with logarithmic kernel
Authors: Bruckner G. , Cheng J. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- In this paper, we discuss stability and Tikhonov regularization for the integral equation of the first kind with logarithmic kernel. Since the kernel is analytic in our case, the problem is severely ill-posed. We prove a convergence rate for the regularized solution and describe a method for its numerical calculation.
Identification of heat transfer functions in continuous casting of steel by regularization
Authors: Carthel C. , Engl H.W. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- For solving direct and inverse heat transfer problems in continuous casting of steel numerically, one needs to determine the heat transfer functions modelling secondary cooling as functions of the water flow rate. We present an approach based on regularization for identifying these heat transfer functions from temperature measurements on the strand surface; this approach works fine for simulated data with added noise and reasonably well for real data.
Control operators and iterative algorithms in variational data assimilation problems
Authors: Shutyaev V. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- A class of variational data assimilation problems of reconstructing initialvalue functions is considered for the case when the operator in the original evolution problem is nonlinear, nonsymmetric, and time-dependent. The properties of control operators are studied and solvability theorems are proved for linear and quasilinear data assimilation problems. Iterative algorithms are formulated and justified.
Carleman’s formulas for the Laplace and Poisson equations with operator coefficients
Authors: Arbuzov E. V. , Bukhgeim A. L. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- The Cauchy problems for operator analogues of the Laplace and Poisson equations with data known on a part of the domain boundary are considered. For solutions of these problems formulas of Carleman type are derived. The formulas obtained can be used in investigation of two-dimensional tomography problems with incomplete data.
Inverse problem for interior spectral data of the Sturm – Liouville operator
Authors: Mochizuki K. , Trooshin I. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- In this paper inverse problems for the Sturm-Liouville operator are studied. A set of values of the logarithmic derivative of eigenfunctions at some internal point and parts of two spectra are taken as data. Uniqueness theorems are obtained. The approach that was used in investigation of problems with partially known potential is employed.
Parabolic integrodifferential identification problems related to radial memory kernels. II
Authors: Favaron A. , Lorenzi A. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- We are concerned with the problem of recovering the radial kernel k, depending also on time, in the parabolic integro-differential equation

A being a uniformly elliptic second-order linear operator in divergence form. We single
out a special class of operators A and two pieces of suitable additional information for
which the problem of identifying k can be uniquely solved locally in time when the
domain under consideration is a ball or a disk.