bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucose alleviates cadmium toxicity by increasing cadmium fixation in root cell wall and sequestration into vacuole in Arabidopsis
Authors: Shi Yuan‐Zhi , Zhu Xiao‐Fang , Wan Jiang‐Xue , Li Gui‐Xin , Zheng Shao‐Jian 
Published: November 2014

AbstractGlucose (Glu) is involved in not only plant physiological and developmental events but also plant responses to abiotic stresses. Here, we found that the exogenous Glu improved root and shoot growth, reduced shoot cadmium (Cd) concentration, and rescued Cd‐induced chlorosis in Arabidopsis thaliana (Columbia ecotype, Col‐0) under Cd stressed conditions. Glucose increased Cd retained in the roots, thus reducing its translocation from root to shoot significantly. The most Cd retained in the roots was found in the hemicellulose 1. Glucose combined with Cd (Glu + Cd) treatment did not affect the content of pectin and its binding capacity of Cd while it increased the content of hemicelluloses 1 and the amount of Cd retained in it significantly. Furthermore, Leadmium Green staining indicated that more Cd was compartmented into vacuoles in Glu + Cd treatment compared with Cd treatment alone, which was in accordance with the significant upregulation of the expression of tonoplast‐localized metal transporter genes, suggesting that compartmentation of Cd into vacuoles also contributes to the Glu‐alleviated Cd toxicity. Taken together, we demonstrated that Glu‐alleviated Cd toxicity is mediated through increasing Cd fixation in the root cell wall and sequestration into the vacuoles.
A new dermal filler made of cross‐linked and auto‐cross‐linked hyaluronic acid in the correction of facial aging defects
Authors: Sparavigna Adele , Fino Pasquale , Tenconi Beatrice , Giordan Nicola , Amorosi Vittoria , Scuderi Nicolò 
Published: November 2014

SummaryBackgroundA novel Hyaluronic Acid (HA) derivative dermal filler has been developed with characteristics especially suited for nasolabial folds (NLF) and facial defects due to volume loss.AimsAn open‐label prospective study was carried out to evaluate this HA filler's performance in correcting facial defects due to volume loss.MethodsA single Italian site treated subjects aged 30–65 for facial defects due to volume loss with a new dermal filler injectable gel; subjects returned to the clinic at 7 and 14 days, and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months for follow‐up. The primary effectiveness endpoint was improvement in wrinkle severity (measured using the Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale) (WSRS) and facial volume (measured using the Facial Volume Loss Scale) (FVLS) at 6 and 12 months from baseline. Secondary endpoints were safety evaluation, performance duration, product handling, subjects' and investigator's treatment evaluation. Assessment of aesthetic results included the skin hydration, image analysis of nasolabial folds (3D), and photographic documentation.ResultsThe reduction in nasolabial wrinkles was statistically significant at 6 months after the first implant. The aesthetic improvement of 1 grade on WSRS was evident in 95% of subjects up to 3 months, in 84% of subjects up to 6 months and in 27% up to 12 months. A clinically (> 1 point improvement) and statistically significant improvement in the FVLS was observed at each study visit; in 100% of treated cases, up to 3 months and in 61% up to 9 months. Good results were obtained during the study in skin hydration. There were no severe adverse events related to treatment.ConclusionThis injectable gel is well tolerated and has been demonstrated to provide a smooth and natural improvement in facial defects due to volume loss in nasolabial folds and the malar region that lasts for up to 1 year.
A review of nicotinamide: treatment of skin diseases and potential side effects
Authors: Rolfe Heidi M 
Published: November 2014

SummaryNicotinamide, also known as niacinamide, is the amide form of vitamin B3. It is a precursor of essential coenzymes for numerous reactions in the body including adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin, is converted into nicotinamide in the body. The use of topical nicotinamide in the treatment of acne vulgaris; melasma; atopic dermatitis; rosacea; and oral nicotinamide in preventing nonmelanoma skin cancer is discussed. The possible side effects and consequences of excessive nicotinamide exposure are reviewed, including suggestions nicotinamide might have a role in the development of diabetes, Parkinson's disease, and liver damage.
Anti‐aging and filling efficacy of six types hyaluronic acid based dermo‐cosmetic treatment: double blind, randomized clinical trial of efficacy and safety
Authors: Nobile Vincenzo , Buonocore Daniela , Michelotti Angela , Marzatico Fulvio 
Published: November 2014

SummaryBackgroundHuman skin aging is a multifactorial and complex biological process affecting the different skin constituents. Even if the skin aging mechanism is not yet fully unravelled is evident that epidermis loses the principal molecule responsible for binding and retaining water molecules, resulting in loss of skin moisture and accounting for some of the most striking alterations of the aged skin.ObjectivesThis Study investigated the cosmetic filling efficacy of Fillerina® in decreasing the skin aging signs and in improving facial volume deficiencies.MethodsA placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, randomized clinical trial was carried out on 40 healthy female subjects showing mild to moderate clinical signs of skin aging. The effect of the treatment on skin surface and on face volumes was assessed both in the short‐term (3 h after a single product application) and in the long‐term (7, 14, and 30 days after continuative daily use).ResultsThree hours after a single application and after 7, 14, and 30 days of treatment the lips volume was increased by 8.5%, 11.3%, 12.8%, and 14.2%. After 7, 14, and 30 days: (1) skin sagging of the face contours was decreased by −0.443 ± 0.286, −1.124 ± 0.511, and −1.326 ± 0.649 mm, respectively; (2) skin sagging of the cheekbones contours was decreased by −0.989 ± 0.585, −2.500 ± 0.929, and −2.517 ± 0.927 mm, respectively; (3) cheekbones volume was increased by 0.875 ± 0.519, 2.186 ± 0.781, and 2.275 ± 0.725 mm, respectively; (4) wrinkle volume was decreased by −11.3%, −18.4%, and −26.3%, respectively; and (5) wrinkle depth was decreased by −8.4%, −14.5%, and −21.8% respectively.ConclusionThis study demonstrated the positive filling effect of Fillerina® in decreasing the clinical signs of skin aging and in improving the face volumes.
Exploring Material‐Discursive Practices
Authors: Orlikowski Wanda J. , Scott Susan V. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractOur intent in this commentary is to support the turn to materiality in organizational research, and contribute to it by considering some differences in our approach from that proposed by Hardy and Thomas. Drawing on agential realism – which theorizes the entanglement of matter and meaning – we explore the relation between discourse and materiality in terms of the ideas of materialization and performativity as enacted in a study of hotel valuation in the hospitality industry. We offer our comments in the spirit of constructive engagement and hope that our discussion along with others in this Point‐Counterpoint will generate further explorations.
Levels of interleukin‐37 in gingival crevicular fluid, saliva, or plasma in periodontal disease
Authors: Sağlam M. , Köseoğlu S. , Savran L. , Pekbağriyanik T. , Sağlam G. , Sütçü R. 
Published: November 2014

Background and ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the levels of levels of interleukin‐37 (IL‐37) in gingival crevicular fluid, saliva and plasma in patients with periodontal disease and patients with healthy periodontium and to correlate these levels with clinical parameters.Material and MethodsSamples of gingival crevicular fluid, whole saliva and plasma were collected from systemically healthy, nonsmoker periodontally healthy controls (group 1, n = 20), gingivitis patients (group 2, n = 20) and chronic periodontitis patients (group 3, n = 20). Full‐mouth clinical periodontal parameters, including probing depth, plaque index, gingival index and bleeding on probing, were also recorded. IL‐37 levels in the biofluid samples were determined by ELISA. Data were tested statistically using the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by the Mann–Whitney U‐test.ResultsThe concentration of IL‐37 in gingival crevicular fluid was significantly lower in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2 (p = 0.001), whereas the total amounts in gingival crevicular fluid samples were similar (p > 0.05). The salivary and plasma concentrations of IL‐37 were similar in the study groups (p > 0.05). There were negative correlations between gingival crevicular fluid IL‐37 concentrations and gingival crevicular fluid volume in all groups (p < 0.05). There was also a negative correlation between the gingival crevicular fluid IL‐37 concentration and gingival index in group 3 (p < 0.05).ConclusionsIL‐37 was expressed in all biofluids. According to our findings, the total amount of IL‐37 in gingival crevicular fluid, or salivary or plasma concentrations of IL‐37, may not be useful diagnostic markers to differentiate periodontal disease and the periodontally healthy condition. The difference in gingival crevicular fluid IL‐37 concentration between the study groups may be a result of the variation in gingival crevicular fluid volume, as suggested by the negative correlation between gingival crevicular fluid volume and gingival crevicular fluid IL‐37 concentration. In the light of our findings, it seems that IL‐37 is not involved in periodontal disease. Further comprehensive studies may clarify this issue more clearly.
Evaluation of gingival alterations in rats medicated with cyclosporine A, tacrolimus and sirolimus: a stereological study
Authors: Pamuk F. , Cetinkaya B. O. , Ayas B. , Keles G. C. , Gacar A. 
Published: November 2014

Background and ObjectiveIt has previously been shown that both cyclosporine A and tacrolimus cause gingival overgrowth in the rat. We proposed that sirolimus may play an important role in decreasing the severity of gingival overgrowth. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the gingival changes induced by immunosuppressants, in the presence and absence of sirolimus, using histopathology and stereological methods.Material and MethodsThirty‐six male Sprague‐Dawley rats were distributed into six treatment groups, each containing six rats, as follows: (i) cyclosporine A for 8 wk; (ii) tacrolimus for 8 wk; (iii) sirolimus for 8 wk; (iv) cyclosporine A + sirolimus for 8 wk; (v) tacrolimus + sirolimus for 8 wk; and (vi) distilled water for 8 wk. Histomorphometric analyses included measurements of epithelial thickness and connective tissue width and height. Stereological analyses included measurements of volumetric densities of fibroblasts (Vf), collagen fibers (Vcf) and blood vessels (Vbv).ResultsConnective tissue width and height were significantly increased in cyclosporine A, tacrolimus and cyclosporine A + sirolimus groups compared with the control group (p < 0.05), and epithelial thickness was significantly increased in the cyclosporine A group and tacrolimus group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Vf was significantly increased in the cyclosporine A group and the tacrolimus group compared with the control group (p < 0.05), whereas Vcf and Vbv were significantly increased in the cyclosporine A, tacrolimus and cyclosporine A + sirolimus groups compared with the control group (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe results of the study suggest that sirolimus seems not to be associated with gingival overgrowth, and combined usage of sirolimus and immunosuppressants decreases the severity of gingival overgrowth.
Can Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Improve Sexual Function in Women with Pelvic Organ Prolapse? A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Brækken Ingeborg H. , Majida Memona , Ellström Engh Marie , Bø Kari 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Introduction
Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) has level 1 evidence of reducing the size and symptoms associated with pelvic organ prolapse (POP). There is scant knowledge, however, regarding whether PFMT has an effect on sexual function.

Aim
The aim of the trial was to evaluate the effect of PFMT on sexual function in women with POP.

Methods
In this randomized controlled trial, 50 women were randomized to an intervention group (6 months of PFMT and lifestyle advice) and 59 women were randomized to a control group (lifestyle advice only).

Main Outcome Measures
Participants completed a validated POP-specific questionnaire to describe frequency and bother of prolapse, bladder, bowel, and sexual symptoms and answered a semi-structured interview.

Results
No significant change in number of women being sexually active was reported. There were no significant differences between groups regarding change in satisfaction with frequency of intercourse. Interview data revealed that 19 (39%) of women in the PFMT group experienced improved sexual function vs. two (5%) in the control group (P &lt; 0.01). Specific improvements reported by some of the women were increased control, strength and awareness of the pelvic floor, improved self-confidence, sensation of a “tighter” vagina, improved libido and orgasms, resolution of pain with intercourse, and heightened sexual gratification for partners. Women who described improved sexual function demonstrated the greatest increases in pelvic floor muscle (PFM) strength (mean 16 ± 10 cmH20) and endurance (mean 150 ± 140 cmH20s) (P &lt; 0.01).

Conclusion
PFMT can improve sexual function in some women. Women reporting improvement in sexual function demonstrated the greatest increase in PFM strength and endurance.
Sexual Satisfaction, Sexual Compatibility, and Relationship Adjustment in Couples: The Role of Sexual Behaviors, Orgasm, and Men's Discernment of Women's Intercourse Orgasm
Authors: Klapilová Kateřina , Brody Stuart , Krejčová Lucie , Husárová Barbara , Binter Jakub 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Research indicated that (i) vaginal orgasm consistency is associated with indices of psychological, intimate relationship, and physiological functioning, and (ii) masturbation is adversely associated with some such measures.

Aim
The aim of this study was to examine the association of various dyadic and masturbation behavior frequencies and percentage of female orgasms during these activities with: (i) measures of dyadic adjustment; (ii) sexual satisfaction; and (iii) compatibility perceived by both partners.

Methods
In a sample of 85 Czech long-term couples (aged 20–40; mean relationship length 5.4 years), both partners provided details of recent sexual behaviors and completed sexual satisfaction, Spanier dyadic adjustment, and Hurlbert sexual compatibility measures. Multiple regression analyses were used.

Main Outcome Measure
The association of sexual behaviors with dyadic adjustment, sexual compatibility, and satisfaction was analyzed.

Results
In multivariate analyses, women's dyadic adjustment is independently predicted by greater vaginal orgasm consistency and lower frequency of women's masturbation. For both sexes, sexual compatibility was independently predicted by higher frequency of penile–vaginal intercourse and greater vaginal orgasm consistency. Women's sexual satisfaction score was significantly predicted by greater vaginal orgasm consistency, frequency of partner genital stimulation, and negatively with masturbation. Men's sexual satisfaction score was significantly predicted by greater intercourse frequency and any vaginal orgasm of their female partners. Concordance of partner vaginal orgasm consistency estimates was associated with greater dyadic adjustment.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that specifically penile–vaginal intercourse frequency and vaginal orgasm consistency are associated with indices of greater intimate relationship adjustment, satisfaction, and compatibility of both partners, and that women's masturbation is independently inversely associated with measures of dyadic and personal function. Results are discussed in light of previous research and an evolutionary theory of vaginal orgasm.
Spatial analysis of gene regulation reveals new insights into the molecular basis of upper thermal limits
Authors: Telonis‐Scott Marina , Clemson Allannah S. , Johnson Travis K. , Sgrò Carla M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe cellular stress response has long been the primary model for studying the molecular basis of thermal adaptation, yet the link between gene expression, RNA metabolism and physiological responses to thermal stress remains largely unexplored. We address this by comparing the transcriptional and physiological responses of three geographically distinct populations of Drosophila melanogaster from eastern Australia in response to, and recovery from, a severe heat stress with and without a prestress hardening treatment. We focus on starvin (stv), recently identified as an important thermally responsive gene. Intriguingly, stv encodes seven transcripts from alternative transcription sites and alternative splicing, yet appears to be rapidly heat inducible. First, we show genetic differences in upper thermal limits of the populations tested. We then demonstrate that the stv locus does not ubiquitously respond to thermal stress but is expressed as three distinct thermal and temporal RNA phenotypes (isoforms). The shorter transcript isoforms are rapidly upregulated under stress in all populations and show similar molecular signatures to heat‐shock proteins. Multiple stress exposures seem to generate a reserve of pre‐mRNAs, effectively ‘priming’ the cells for subsequent stress. Remarkably, we demonstrate a bypass in the splicing blockade in these isoforms, suggesting an essential role for these transcripts under heat stress. Temporal profiles for the weakly heat responsive stv isoform subset show opposing patterns in the two most divergent populations. Innate and induced transcriptome responses to hyperthermia are complex, and warrant moving beyond gene‐level analyses.
Dispersal ability and habitat requirements determine landscape‐level genetic patterns in desert aquatic insects
Authors: Phillipsen Ivan C. , Kirk Emily H. , Bogan Michael T. , Mims Meryl C. , Olden Julian D. , Lytle David A. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractSpecies occupying the same geographic range can exhibit remarkably different population structures across the landscape, ranging from highly diversified to panmictic. Given limitations on collecting population‐level data for large numbers of species, ecologists seek to identify proximate organismal traits—such as dispersal ability, habitat preference and life history—that are strong predictors of realized population structure. We examined how dispersal ability and habitat structure affect the regional balance of gene flow and genetic drift within three aquatic insects that represent the range of dispersal abilities and habitat requirements observed in desert stream insect communities. For each species, we tested for linear relationships between genetic distances and geographic distances using Euclidean and landscape‐based metrics of resistance. We found that the moderate‐disperser Mesocapnia arizonensis (Plecoptera: Capniidae) has a strong isolation‐by‐distance pattern, suggesting migration–drift equilibrium. By contrast, population structure in the flightless Abedus herberti (Hemiptera: Belostomatidae) is influenced by genetic drift, while gene flow is the dominant force in the strong‐flying Boreonectes aequinoctialis (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). The best‐fitting landscape model for M. arizonensis was based on Euclidean distance. Analyses also identified a strong spatial scale‐dependence, where landscape genetic methods only performed well for species that were intermediate in dispersal ability. Our results highlight the fact that when either gene flow or genetic drift dominates in shaping population structure, no detectable relationship between genetic and geographic distances is expected at certain spatial scales. This study provides insight into how gene flow and drift interact at the regional scale for these insects as well as the organisms that share similar habitats and dispersal abilities.
Bright luminescence of Vibrio fischeri aconitase mutants reveals a connection between citrate and the Gac/Csr regulatory system
Authors: Septer Alecia N. , Bose Jeffrey L. , Lipzen Anna , Martin Joel , Whistler Cheryl , Stabb Eric V. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryThe Gac/Csr regulatory system is conserved throughout the γ‐proteobacteria and controls key pathways in central carbon metabolism, quorum sensing, biofilm formation and virulence in important plant and animal pathogens. Here we show that elevated intracellular citrate levels in a Vibrio fischeri aconitase mutant correlate with activation of the Gac/Csr cascade and induction of bright luminescence. Spontaneous or directed mutations in the gene that encodes citrate synthase reversed the bright luminescence of aconitase mutants, eliminated their citrate accumulation and reversed their elevated expression of CsrB. Our data elucidate a correlative link between central metabolic and regulatory pathways, and they suggest that the Gac system senses a blockage at the aconitase step of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, either through elevated citrate levels or a secondary metabolic effect of citrate accumulation, and responds by modulating carbon flow and various functions associated with host colonization, including bioluminescence.
Shewanella oneidensis cytochrome c maturation component CcmI is essential for heme attachment at the non‐canonical motif of nitrite reductase NrfA
Authors: Fu Huihui , Jin Miao , Wan Fen , Gao Haichun 
Published: November 2014

SummaryShewanella oneidensis is renowned for its respiratory versatility, which is largely due to abundant c‐type cytochromes. Maturation of these proteins depends on a Ccm system encoded by genes in an unusual chromosomal arrangement, but the detailed mechanism is not understood. In this study, we identify SO0265 as CcmI, an apocytochrome c chaperone that is important and essential for maturation of c‐type cytochromes with the canonical heme binding motif(s) (HBM; CX2CH) and nitrite reductase NrfA carrying a non‐canonical CX2CK motif respectively. We show that the N‐terminal transmembrane segment of CcmI, CcmI‐1, is sufficient for maturation of the former but the entire protein is required for maturation of the latter. Although S. oneidensis possesses a heme lyase, SirEFG, dedicated for non‐canonical HBMs, it is specific for SirA, a sulfite reductase with a CX15CH motif. By presenting evidence that the periplasmic portion of CcmI, CcmI‐2, interacts with NrfA, we suggest that CcmI also takes the role of Escherichia coli NrfG for chaperoning apo‐NrfA for maturation at CX2CK. Moreover, intact CcmI is required for maturation of NrfA, presumably by ensuring that heme attachment at canonical HBMs occurs before apoprotein degradation.