bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome Sequence of
Arthrobacter
sp. YC-RL1, an Aromatic Compound-Degrading Bacterium
Authors: Ren Lei , Shi Yanhua , Jia Yang , Yan Yanchun 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT

We report the 4.04-Mb draft genome sequence of
Arthrobacter
sp. YC-RL1, an aromatic compound-degrading bacterium. YC-RL1 could degrade a wide range of aromatic compounds, including naphthaline, 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene, fluorene, 4-nitrophenol, bisphenol A, biphenyl, and
p
-xylene. The genome sequence of YC-RL1 will promote the investigation of the biodegradation of aromatic compounds.
Benign and Malignant Thyroid Incidentalomas Are Rare in Routine Clinical Practice: A Review of 97,908 Imaging Studies
Authors: Uppal Abhineet , White Michael G. , Nagar Sapna , Aschebrook-Kilfoy Briseis , Chang Paul J. , Angelos Peter , Kaplan Edwin L. , Grogan Raymon H. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Purpose: Thyroid nodules incidentally identified on imaging are thought to contribute to the increasing incidence of thyroid cancer. We aim to determine the true rate of incidental thyroid nodule reporting, malignancy rates of these nodules, and to compare these findings with rates of detection by dedicated radiology review.
Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was done to determine the prevalence of thyroid nodules in radiologist reports by analyzing all reports for CT, PET, and MRI scans of the head, neck, and chest as well as neck ultrasounds performed at a tertiary care center from 2007 to 2012. Retrospective chart review was performed on patients with a reported thyroid nodule to determine clinical outcomes of these nodules. Radiology reports were compared with dedicated radiology review of 500 randomly selected CT scans from the study group to determine the difference between clinical reporting and actual prevalence of thyroid nodules.
Results: 97,908 imaging studies met inclusion criteria, and 387 (0.4%) thyroid incidentalomas were identified on radiology report. One hundred and sixty three (42.1%) of these nodules were worked up with fine-needle aspiration, diagnosing 27 thyroid cancers (0.03% of all studies, 7.0% of reported incidentalomas). The prevalence of incidentalomas clinically reported was 142/100,000 CT scans, 638/100,000 MRIs, 358/100,000 PET scans, and 6,594/100,000 ultrasounds. In contrast, review of CT scans screening for thyroid nodules had a prevalence of 10%.
Conclusion: Routine clinical reporting of incidental thyroid nodules is far less common than on dedicated review.
Impact: These data contradict the notion that incidentalomas contribute significantly to rising thyroid cancer rates. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(9); 1327–31. ©2015 AACR.
Leukoplakia, Oral Cavity Cancer Risk, and Cancer Survival in the U.S. Elderly
Authors: Yanik Elizabeth L. , Katki Hormuzd A. , Silverberg Michael J. , Manos M. Michele , Engels Eric A. , Chaturvedi Anil K. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractScreening for oral leukoplakia, an oral cavity cancer (OCC) precursor, could lead to earlier detection of OCC. However, the progression rate from leukoplakia to OCC and the benefits of leukoplakia screening for improving OCC outcomes are currently unclear. We conducted a case–cohort study of U.S. adults ages ≥65 years in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linkage. We identified leukoplakia diagnoses through Medicare claims, and OCC diagnoses through SEER cancer registries. Weighted Cox regression was used to estimate leukoplakia associations with OCC incidence, and the absolute OCC risk following leukoplakia diagnosis was calculated. Among OCC cases, we compared OCC stage and OCC survival between cases with a prior leukoplakia diagnosis versus those without prior leukoplakia. Among 470,266 individuals in the SEER-Medicare subcohort, 1,526 (0.3%) had a leukoplakia diagnosis. Among people with leukoplakia, the cumulative OCC incidence was 0.7% at 3 months and 2.5% at 5 years. OCC risk was most increased &lt;3 months after leukoplakia diagnosis (HR, 115), likely representing the diagnosis of prevalent cancers. Nonetheless, risk remained substantially increased in subsequent follow-up [HR ≥ 3 months, 24; 95% confidence interval (CI), 22–27; HR ≥ 12 months, 22, 95% CI, 20–25]. Among OCC cases (N = 8,927), those with prior leukoplakia were less likely to be diagnosed at regional/distant stage (OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.30–0.43), and had lower mortality (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.65–0.84) when compared with OCC cases without a prior leukoplakia. Individuals with leukoplakia have substantially elevated risk of OCC. Lower stage and better survival after OCC diagnosis suggest that leukoplakia identification can lead to earlier OCC detection and reduced mortality. Cancer Prev Res; 8(9); 857–63. ©2015 AACR.
Cross-Seasonal Influence of the December–February Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode on March–May Meridional Circulation and Precipitation
Authors: Zheng Fei , Li Jianping , Wang Lei , Xie Fei , Li Xiaofeng 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
New evidence suggests that interannual variability in zonal-mean meridional circulation and precipitation can be partially attributed to the Southern Hemisphere annular mode (SAM), the dominant mode of climate variability in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) extratropics. A cross-seasonal correlation exists between the December–February (DJF) SAM and March–May (MAM) zonal-mean meridional circulation and precipitation. This correlation is not confined to the SH: it also extends to the Northern Hemisphere (NH) subtropics. When the preceding DJF SAM is positive, counterclockwise, and clockwise meridional cells, accompanied by less and more precipitation, occur alternately between the SH middle latitudes and NH subtropics in MAM. In particular, less precipitation occurs in the SH middle latitudes, the SH tropics, and the NH subtropics, but more precipitation occurs in the SH subtropics and the NH tropics. A framework is built to explain the cross-seasonal impact of SAM-related SST anomalies. Evidence indicates that the DJF SAM tends to lead to dipolelike SST anomalies in the SH extratropics, which are referred to in this study as the SH ocean dipole (SOD). The DJF SOD can persist until the following MAM when it begins to modulate MAM meridional circulation and large-scale precipitation. Atmospheric general circulation model simulations further verify that MAM meridional circulation between the SH middle latitudes and the northern subtropics responds to the MAM SOD.
A Multiscale Variational Data Assimilation Scheme: Formulation and Illustration
Authors: Li Zhijin , McWilliams James C. , Ide Kayo , Farrara John D. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
A multiscale data assimilation (MS-DA) scheme is formulated for fine-resolution models. A decomposition of the cost function is derived for a set of distinct spatial scales. The decomposed cost function allows for the background error covariance to be estimated separately for the distinct spatial scales, and multi-decorrelation scales to be explicitly incorporated in the background error covariance. MS-DA minimizes the partitioned cost functions sequentially from large to small scales. The multi-decorrelation length scale background error covariance enhances the spreading of sparse observations and prevents fine structures in high-resolution observations from being overly smoothed. The decomposition of the cost function also provides an avenue for mitigating the effects of scale aliasing and representativeness errors that inherently exist in a multiscale system, thus further improving the effectiveness of the assimilation of high-resolution observations. A set of one-dimensional experiments is performed to examine the properties of the MS-DA scheme. Emphasis is placed on the assimilation of patchy high-resolution observations representing radar and satellite measurements, alongside sparse observations representing those from conventional in situ platforms. The results illustrate how MS-DA improves the effectiveness of the assimilation of both these types of observations simultaneously.
Voluntary Organizations and Community Groups as New Partners in Diabetes Self-management and Education
Authors: Portillo Mari Carmen , Regaira Elena , Pumar-Méndez María J. , Mujika Agurtzane , Vassilev Ivaylo , Rogers Anne , Wensing Michel , Foss Christina , Knutsen Ingrid Ruud , Todorova Elka , Roukova Poli , Kennedy Anne , Serrano Manuel , Lionis Christos , Angelaki Agapi , Patelarou Evridiki , Koetsenruijter Jan 
Published: July 2015

Purpose The purpose of this study is to critically review the literature on the role and work of voluntary organizations and community groups and volunteers in diabetes self-management programs. It seeks to explain how these organizations are located and could be integrated further within a broader system of support. Methods A critical interpretative synthesis of the literature was undertaken as part of the conceptual development of a European research project. Evidence (2000-November 2014) was searched in databases, with the use of key terms, and limited to the languages of the participating countries. This was supplemented by an additional hand search and snowballing technique. A total of 21 articles were included in the review. Results Evidence regarding the involvement of voluntary organizations in diabetes self-management programs mainly related to: the nature and remit of their work, responsibilities, and attributes; key strategies of programs accounting for success; motivations/barriers for engaging in volunteering participation; relationships between volunteers and users; and connections/tensions with formal services. Conclusions This review has uncovered a range of facets of voluntary organizations and community groups relevant for supporting diabetes self-management such as the context within which they act and the nature of relationships developed with community and health services. The principles of “assistance, support, sharing, and link” seem essential for this voluntary initiative in self-management to establish effective reciprocal collaboration with health professionals.
Microfracture and Osteochondral Autograft Transplantation Are Cost-effective Treatments for Articular Cartilage Lesions of the Distal Femur
Authors: Miller D. Josh , Smith Matthew V. , Matava Matthew J. , Wright Rick W. , Brophy Robert H. 
Published: July 2015

Background: Multiple techniques have been suggested for the treatment of isolated knee articular cartilage injuries. For smaller lesions (<2-5 cm2), microfracture and osteochondral autograft transplantation (OAT) are commonly used options. With an increasing focus on health care efficiency, analyzing the cost-effectiveness of treatment modalities has become increasingly important. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to analyze the costs and outcomes of microfracture and OAT to compare their cost-effectiveness. The hypothesis was that microfracture would be more cost-effective. Study Design: Economic and decision analysis; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A literature search was performed to identify studies comparing microfracture and OAT for the treatment of articular cartilage lesions of the distal femur in an adult population. Data from these studies including surgical time, failure rates, revision surgeries, outcome scores, and return to athletics were then incorporated into a constructed cost model using standard accounting methodology. The model was based on actual 2013 cost figures (in US dollars) for all procedure, operating room, and instrumentation costs. Results: Three studies, with a mean follow-up of 8.7 years, met the inclusion criteria of having evidence level 1 or 2 comparing microfracture and OAT. There was a cumulative 28.6% reoperation rate among patients undergoing microfracture compared with 12.5% among patients undergoing OAT. While both groups demonstrated significant improvements compared with preoperative levels, the only significant differences in any outcome score reported between the 2 procedures were the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) score and patient-reported return to their previous sports activity level. While microfracture had a lower initial cost ($3100), these savings lessened over 1 year ($1843) and 10 years ($996). Microfracture was more cost-effective when comparing Lysholm and Hospital for Special Surgery scores, whereas OAT was more cost-effective when comparing Tegner and ICRS scores. There was a significantly lower cost for return to play in athletes after OAT versus microfracture at 1 year ($11,428 vs $16,953, respectively), 3 years ($12,856 vs $38,000, respectively), and 10 years ($32,141 vs $60,799, respectively). Conclusion: Published level 1 and 2 clinical studies with a 10-year follow-up demonstrated that the net cost and cost-effectiveness of microfracture and OAT are comparable for the treatment of isolated articular cartilage lesions of the distal femur. Clinical Relevance: Given similar clinical outcomes, microfracture and OAT are both viable, cost-effective first-line treatment options for these injuries.
Outcomes of the Bridle Procedure for the Treatment of Foot Drop
Authors: Johnson Jeffrey E. , Paxton E. Scott , Lippe Julienne , Bohnert Kathryn L. , Sinacore David R. , Hastings Mary K. , McCormick Jeremy J. , Klein Sandra E. 
Published: July 2015

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical outcomes and objective measures of function that can be expected for patients following the Bridle procedure (modification of the posterior tibial tendon transfer) for the treatment of foot drop. Methods: Nineteen patients treated with a Bridle procedure and 10 matched controls were evaluated. The Bridle group had preoperative and 2-year postoperative radiographic foot alignment measurements and completion of the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure. At follow-up, both groups were tested for standing balance (star excursion test) and for ankle plantarflexion and dorsiflexion isokinetic strength, and the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society and Stanmore outcome measures were collected only on the Bridle patients. Results: There was no change in radiographic foot alignment from pre- to postoperative measurement. Foot and Ankle Ability Measure subscales of activities of daily living and sport, American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society, and Stanmore scores were all reduced in Bridle patients as compared with controls. Single-limb standing-balance reaching distance in the anterolateral and posterolateral directions were reduced in Bridle participants as compared with controls ( P < .03). Isokinetic ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion strength was lower in Bridle participants (2 ± 4 ft·lb, 44 ± 16 ft·lb) as compared with controls (18 ± 13 ft·lb, 65 ± 27 ft·lb, P < .02, respectively). All Bridle participants reported excellent to good outcomes and would repeat the operation. No patient wore an ankle-foot orthosis for everyday activities. Conclusion: The Bridle procedure was a successful surgery that did not restore normal strength and balance to the foot and ankle but allowed individuals with foot drop and a functional tibialis posterior muscle to have significantly improved outcomes and discontinue the use of an ankle-foot orthosis. In addition, there was no indication that loss of the normal function of the tibialis posterior muscle resulted in change in foot alignment 2 years after surgery. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative series.
Repair of Acute Superficial Deltoid Complex Avulsion During Ankle Fracture Fixation in National Football League Players
Authors: Hsu Andrew R. , Lareau Craig R. , Anderson Robert B. 
Published: July 2015

Background: Infolding and retraction of an avulsed deltoid complex after ankle fracture can be a source of persistent increased medial clear space, malreduction, and postoperative pain and medial instability. The purpose of this descriptive case series was to analyze the preliminary outcomes of acute superficial deltoid complex avulsion repair during ankle fracture fixation in a cohort of National Football League (NFL) players. We found that there is often complete avulsion of the superficial deltoid complex off the proximal aspect of the medial malleolus during high-energy ankle fractures in athletes. Methods: Between 2004 and 2014, the cases of 14 NFL players who underwent ankle fracture fixation with open deltoid complex repair were reviewed. Patients with chronic deltoid ligament injuries or ankle fractures more than 2 months old were excluded. Average age for all patients was 25 years and body mass index 34.4. Player positions included 1 wide receiver, 1 tight end, 1 safety, 1 running back, 1 linebacker, and 9 offensive linemen. Average time from injury to surgery was 7.5 days. Surgical treatment for all patients consisted of ankle arthroscopy and debridement, followed by fibula fixation with plate and screws, syndesmotic fixation with suture-button devices, and open deltoid complex repair with suture anchors. Patient demographics were recorded with position played, time from injury to surgery, games played before and after surgery, ability to return to play, and postoperative complications. Return to play was defined as the ability to successfully participate in at least 1 full regular-season NFL game after surgery. Results: All NFL players were able to return to running and cutting maneuvers by 6 months after surgery. There were no significant differences in playing experience before surgery versus after surgery. Average playing experience before surgery was 3.3 seasons, 39 games played, and 22 games started. Average playing experience after surgery was 1.6 seasons, 16 games played, and 15 games started. Return to play was 86% for all players. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications noted, and no players had clinical evidence of medial pain or instability at final follow-up with radiographic maintenance of anatomic mortise alignment. Conclusion: Superficial deltoid complex avulsion during high-energy ankle fractures in athletes is a distinct injury pattern that should be recognized and may benefit from primary open repair. The majority of NFL players treated surgically for this injury pattern are able to return to play after surgery with no reported complications or persistent medial ankle pain or instability. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Hind- and Midfoot Motion After Ankle Arthrodesis
Authors: van der Plaat Laurens W. , van Engelen Susanne J. P. M. , Wajer Quirine E. , Hendrickx Roel P. M. , Doets Kees H. C. , Houdijk Han , van Dijk C. Niek 
Published: July 2015

Background: After ankle arthrodesis (AA), compensatory increased range of motion in adjacent joints might lead to increased osteoarthritis. Evaluation of patient-reported outcomes after AA with validated questionnaires is rare. Likewise, reliable radiographic analysis of the position of the AA, expected to influence the range of motion of the hind- and midfoot, is lacking. Therefore, the current study was performed. Methods: Seventeen patients with unilateral AA were included. Sagittal hind- and midfoot range of motion was measured radiographically. The position of the AA in the sagittal and coronal planes and osteoarthritis of adjacent joints were also evaluated radiographically. Measurements were compared to the contralateral side. Patient-reported outcomes via validated questionnaires were compared to a control group (n = 18). Results: Average follow-up was 3.5 years. Mean combined hind- and midfoot sagittal range of motion after AA equaled that of the contralateral side (20.8 vs 21.0 degrees; P = .93). The tibiotalar angle after AA equaled that of the contralateral side (107 vs 107 degrees; P = .86). The talus was translated posteriorly after AA (T-T ratio 0.45 vs 0.34; P < .001). Low intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) precluded reliable evaluation of the coronal position of the hindfoot (ICC, 0.07 and −0.34) and osteoarthritis in adjacent joints (ICC range, 0-0.54). SF-36 physical health scores after AA are lower as compared with those of controls (50 vs 56; P = .01). Scores on the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score and Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale were also significantly lower. Patient satisfaction with AA was high (average visual analog scale score, 83). Conclusion: No increased sagittal range of motion in the hind- and midfoot after AA was found at 3.5 years of follow-up as compared with the contralateral side. Tibiotalar angles were equal. The talus was translated posteriorly. The hindfoot alignment view was not suitable to analyze the position of the hindfoot. Low ICC of the Kellgren and Lawrence scale precluded evaluation of osteoarthritis of adjacent joints. Patients scored lower than controls on self-reported outcome questionnaires but were satisfied with the result of AA. Level of evidence: Level III, comparative series.
Chrysothallite
K6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4·H2O,
a new mineral species from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka,
Russia
Authors: Pekov Igor V. , Zubkova Natalia V. , Belakovskiy Dmitry I. , Yapaskurt Vasiliy O. , Vigasina Marina F. , Lykova Inna S. , Sidorov Evgeny G. , Pushcharovsky Dmitry Yu. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA new mineral chrysothallite
K6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4·H2O
was found in two active fumaroles, Glavnaya Tenoritovaya and Pyatno, at the
Second scoria cone of the Northern Breakthrough of the Great Tolbachik
Fissure Eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Chrysothallite seems
to be a product of the interactions involving high-temperature sublimate
minerals, fumarolic gas and atmospheric water vapour at temperatures not
higher than 150ºC. It is associated with belloite, avdoninite,
chlorothionite, sanguite, eriochalcite, mitscherlichite, sylvite, carnallite
and kainite at Glavnaya Tenoritovaya and with belloite, avdoninite,
chlorothionite, eriochalcite, atacamite, halite, kröhnkite, natrochalcite,
gypsum and antlerite at Pyatno. The mineral forms equant-to-thick tabular
crystals up to 0.05 mm, typically combined in clusters or crusts up to 1 mm
across. Crystal forms are: {001}, {100}, {110}, {101} and {102}.
Chrysothallite is transparent, bright golden-yellow to light yellow in
finely crystalline aggregates. The lustre is vitreous. The mineral is
brittle. Cleavage was not observed, the fracture is uneven.
Dmeas = 2.95(2), Dcalc = 2.97 g cm–3. Chrysothallite is optically
uniaxial (+), ω = 1.720(5), ε = 1.732(5). The Raman spectrum is given. The
chemical composition (wt.%, electron-microprobe data, H2O
calculated based on the crystal structure data) is: K 15.92, Cu 24.56, Zn
1.38, Tl 13.28, Cl 40.32, H2O(calc.) 3.49, total 98.95. The
empirical formula, calculated on the basis of 17 Cl + 5 O a.p.f.u., is:
K6.09(Cu5.78Zn0.32)Σ6.10Tl0.97Cl17[(OH)3.80O0.20]·H2O.
Chrysothallite is tetragonal, I4/mmm,
a = 11.3689(7), c = 26.207(2) Å,
V = 3387.3(4) Å3, Z = 4. The
strongest reflections of the powder X-ray pattern [d, Å
(I)(hkl)] are: 13.20(44)(002);
6.88(100)(112); 5.16(30)(202, 114); 4.027(25)(220); 3.471(28)(206),
3.153(30)(314), 3.075(47)(305), 2.771(38)(316). The crystal structure
(solved from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data, R =
0.0898) is unique. Its basic structural unit is a (001) layer of
edge-sharing distorted CuCl4(OH)2 octahedra. Two
Tl3+ cations occupy the centre of isolated TlCl6
and TlCl4(H2O)2 octahedra connected to each other and
to the Cu polyhedral layers via KCl6 and
KCl9 polyhedra. The name reflects the bright golden-yellow
colour of the mineral (from the Greek χρυσος, gold) and the presence of
thallium. Chrysothallite is the second known mineral with species-defining
trivalent thallium.