bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of fair‐value‐accounting on the relevance of capital adequacy ratios
Authors: Liao Yi‐Ping 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThis study aims to empirically investigate whether the adoption of fair‐value‐accounting decreases the relevance of banks' capital adequacy ratios (CARs) in explaining insolvency risks. Additionally, how the disclosure quality affects the superiority of fair‐value‐based CARs over cost‐based CARs is also explored.Design/methodology/approachUsing data from Taiwan banks from 2004 to 2010, the following tests are conducted. First, the insolvency risk is regressed on the reported CAR, along with the related interaction with the adoption of TFAS No. 34 to test the weakened relevance of CARs during the post‐TFAS No. 34 periods. Second, the relative relevance of fair‐value‐based CARs and cost‐based CARs is assessed using Vuong's Z‐statistic. Lastly, observations are partitioned into two groups – banks of higher and lower disclosure quality – to investigate whether fair‐value‐based CARs is superior (inferior) to cost‐based CARs for banks with higher (lower) disclosure quality.FindingsFirst, adopting TFAS No. 34 reduces the relevance of CARs in explaining banks' insolvency risks. Second, fair‐value‐based CARs are superior to cost‐based ones in relation to insolvency risks only for banks of higher disclosure quality.Originality/valueThis study is the first to fill the empirical gap by demonstrating that the ability of CARs to explain the insolvency risk is adversely influenced by the adoption of fair value accounting. In particular, the results shed some light on the move toward fair‐value accounting, and may be interpreted that adopting fair‐value reporting is not flawless, drawing attention to the potential information loss in abandoning historical‐cost‐based regimes. Moreover, because the application of fair‐value accounting in the Taiwan banking industry is fairly similar to that of international or US GAAP, these results also yield insights into other standard‐setters.
Underpricing, board structure, and ownership
Authors: Darmadi Salim , Gunawan Randy 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine whether and how underpricing is associated with board structure and corporate ownership among firms conducting initial public offerings (IPOs) in the Indonesian equity market.Design/methodology/approachTo capture the most recent development, the sample comprises 101 firms conducting IPOs in Indonesia's primary equity market in the period of 2003‐2011. The explanatory variables consist of board size, board independence, ownership concentration, and institutional ownership. In further analysis, the authors perform regressions considering three types of the controlling shareholder, namely families, foreign entities, and the government.FindingsProviding some support for signaling theory, it is found that board independence is positively related to the level of underpricing. Further, this study provides evidence that the level of underpricing is negatively associated with both board size and institutional ownership, indicating that these two governance mechanisms play important roles in mitigating information asymmetry between the issuer and potential investors. Ownership concentration is insignificant in explaining the first‐day returns. When the type of corporate control is taken into account, it is revealed that government‐controlled companies tend to experience higher underpricing.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the IPO underpricing literature since the influence of corporate governance mechanisms on initial returns is relatively under‐researched, particularly within the context of emerging markets.
Not just location: attitudes and functioning of Arab local education administrators in Israel
Authors: Arar Khalid , Abu‐Asbah Khaled 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to provide useful insights into educational under‐achievement among Palestinian Arab citizens of Israel (PAI), investigating the perceptions of local educational administrators (LEAs) towards the education system and itsmodus vivendi, to uncover difficulties and suggest directions to improve the processes and achievements of the PAI education system.Design/methodology/approachQualitative interviews were conducted with 16 stakeholders in local education (mayors, education department managers; school principals and parents’ representatives) in four Arab local governments in Israel to elucidate attitudes toward education.FindingsThe small random sample cannot claim to be representative however worrying problems were revealed: deficient resources in comparison to the Jewish education system; an ineffective political culture in local government; inferior status and problematic functioning of Arab education department heads and lack of inclusion of professionals and parents in decision‐making. These factors negatively impact the education system and its products.Originality/valueThe paper suggests local government should determine appropriate local policy, positioning education as a high priority with efficient education departments, more professional staff, and suitable education programs. Additionally state government should provide equal resources for the Arab education system, to lever Arab education in Israel.
Mental models: a robust definition
Authors: Rook Laura 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe concept of a mental model has been described by theorists from diverse disciplines. The purpose of this paper is to offer a robust definition of an individual mental model for use in organisational management.Design/methodology/approachThe approach adopted involves an interdisciplinary literature review of disciplines, including system dynamics, psychology, cognitive science and organisational learning.FindingsCritical reflection on the published individual mental model definitions revealed similarities and shortcomings. It is argued that here the literature presents some consensus in the concept being internally held and having the capacity to affect how a person acts. The proposed definition of an individual mental model was found to be robust through a complexity based inquiry conducted in an organisation within the hospitality industry.Research limitations/implicationsThe application of the model has only been tested in one case study with a small staff sample in the hospitality industry. Thus generalisation is limited pending further testing.Practical implicationsThe pilot study demonstrated the usefulness of the definition of an individual mental model in making the conceptualisations of work practices explicit at various levels within organisations.Originality/valueThis paper produces a definition that is lucid, inclusive, and specific for mental model research and knowledge management in organisations. The paper provides added value for academics and organisational practitioners interested in a robust definition for understanding the concept and the implications of mental models on an individual's actions.
An investigation into the cultural and religious determinants of national competitiveness
Authors: Yeganeh Hamid 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to empirically investigate the effects of cultural and religious factors on national competitiveness.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the concepts of national competitiveness, cultural values and religiosity are defined. Then, the relationships between these concepts are discussed and the hypotheses, variables, and theoretical models are presented. Finally, the empirical tests are conducted, the results are examined, and the theoretical/practical implications are discussed.FindingsThe empirical results show that controlling for the effects of socioeconomic development, culture and religiosity still have important implications for national competitiveness. More specifically, it is found that Autonomy, Hierarchy and Mastery cultural dimensions are likely to foster national competitiveness, but Conservatism, Egalitarianism and Harmony dimensions tend to impede national competitiveness. Additionally, it is found that regardless of the religious denomination, religiosity by itself remains a very serious hindrance to national competitiveness.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has a limited scope as it relies on a narrow conceptualization of culture and religiosity. Moreover, this study relies solely on the national level data and fails to detect the effects of intra‐national variations.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study bring valuable insights into the cultural and religious determinants of national competitiveness. Considering the reliability of data and the variety of countries included, the results might have important theoretical and managerial implications.Originality/valueThe chief contribution of this study resides in encompassing theories from various disciplines such as sociology, political science, anthropology, and business management to investigate the cultural and religious determinants of national competitiveness.
Explaining supply chain as an “opportunistic coalition”
Authors: Subedi Deepak 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify and explain competition between buyers and sellers within the same supply chain network. It suggests that supply chain can be best described as an opportunistic coalition between the powerful and ambitious ones.Design/methodology/approachThis paper discusses the arguments and counter‐arguments on outsourcing and also supply chain management as presented in the academic literature. Then it analyses some of the prevailing practices in supply chain, and uses concepts of power, team and opportunistic alliance to suggest that supply chain could best be described as an opportunistic alliance.FindingsBuyers and suppliers are always engaged in power struggles, even though they may be cooperating to run the supply chain smoothly. The degree of one party's success in such a struggle is determined by the extent of the others' dependence on it. The dependence is reliant on one's control over the process of defining, designing and producing the goods and services required to fulfil the needs of the end customers.Research limitations/implicationsWhile success in the market is equally important, this paper elaborates on the supply chain issue only.Practical implicationsThe article is useful for managers, making “make‐or buy” decisions and entering into (supply chain) alliances. Similarly, students engaged in analysis and understanding of issues pertaining to supply chain management and strategy can find this article useful.Originality/valueCompetition within supply chain has been a missing link in the discussions of the supply chain strategy. The paper has conceptualized and elaborated this very important issue.
Visual and projective methods in Asian research
Authors: Belk Russell 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this review is to offer a summary of visual and projective research methods that have been applied or may be applied fruitfully in an Asian context. Examples are provided and a delineation of the strengths and weaknesses of the methods is made.Design/methodology/approachThis is a review article covering a number of different relevant methods and briefly reviewing studies that have been conducted in Asia using these methods.FindingsThe paper reviews five different uses of qualitative visual and projective methods in Asian consumer and market research: as archival data for analysis; as direct stimuli for data collection; as projective stimuli for data collection; as a means for recording qualitative data; and as a means for presenting qualitative findings.Research limitations/implicationsIt is suggested that Asia contains a rich visual culture and that the research techniques reviewed offer compelling means for enhancing data collection, data analysis, and findings presentations from qualitative market and consumer research in Asia.Originality/valueThe paper brings together a diverse array of prior research illustrating the potential of the methods reviewed. In addition to discussing this research a number of references are provided for those wishing to examine these methods in greater detail and apply them to their own research.
Ethnoconsumerism and cultural branding: designing “Nano” car
Authors: Venkatesh Alladi , Khanwalkar Seema , Lawrence Lynda , Chen Steven 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to explore the cultural and branding issues that have gone into the design and development of Nano – a brand name for an Indian automobile – which is a low‐priced passenger vehicle targeted toward the middle‐class Indian consumer in urban settings.Design/methodology/approachThe paper provides a cultural framework for the brand initiative and its execution. Specifically, the paper uses an ethnoconsumerism approach to the issue of cultural branding.FindingsThe Nano car was conceived and executed under two narratives: an economical and affordable vehicle, and a brand appeal that would satisfy Indian cultural sensibilities.Research limitations/implicationsCultural branding is becoming a popular approach in product positioning. This research shows that an ethnoconsumerist framework is ideally suited for examining cultural branding issues.Originality/valueWith the emergence of global markets, new methodologies have to be employed in studying cultural issues pertaining to local conditions. Toward this end, the paper provides an application of the ethnoconsumerism approach for studying branding phenomena.
Trust formation processes in innovative collaborations
Authors: Hardwick Jialin , Anderson Alistair R. , Cruickshank Douglas 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the practices and processes of trust building and use in collaborative networking for product innovation and to compare face to face with virtual networking.Design/methodology/approachGuided by a literature review and preliminary participant observation, 16 open ended interviews collected data about the processes in 11 small biotech firms. These data were inductively analysed by the constant comparative method to develop explanatory themes.FindingsTrust was seen as a requirement for successful collaborative innovation, but the paper identified how different dimensions of trust are located in the trust building processes. Trust works by creating a platform of confidence that fosters flows of information and the exchange of tacit knowledge. Two types of trust relationships, the technical and the social, work in different ways to produce different, but complementary, types of trust. Virtual environments suit technical trust building but are less suited to developing deeper, more enduring forms of trust.Research limitations/implicationsThese different approaches to collaboration are often implicit. But if practitioners are made aware of how they work, they can use the most appropriate approach to build trust.Practical implicationsThe method and sample restrict general application, but the explanatory framework may be conceptually generalisable.Social implicationsNetworking for innovation is seen as much social as technical.Originality/valueThe paper contributes conceptually by theorising the trust building process and its role in knowledge sharing and collaborative innovation. It addresses a gap in the literature in identifying how trust is produced, developed and employed in furthering innovation, in particular the behavioural patterns of using virtual networks in furthering innovation.
Social capital and innovation in the services sector
Authors: Petrou Anastasia , Daskalopoulou Irene 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to analyze the role of social capital on innovation through the analysis of the selective nature of network alliances in the tourism sector which is subject to a complex competition – cooperation context.Design/methodology/approachThe paper approximates social capital via active and purposeful engagement in network alliances and estimates several probit models in order to test for the effect of social capital on innovation activity using cross‐section tourism data for Greece.FindingsOverall results indicate that a firm's knowledge base is conducive to innovation activity. Nevertheless, the explanatory power of knowledge base variables weakens once the underlying social capital generation mechanisms are taken into consideration. The selective nature of network links is also evidenced.Research limitations/implicationsThe use of cross‐section data might be viewed as a limitation. Nevertheless, the robust methodological approach and the very satisfactory fit of the estimated econometric model allow for the findings to be a contribution in the field and a reliable comparison basis for future evidence.Practical implicationsThe study provides us with useful insights as regards the selective nature of network alliances and their effect upon the innovative activity of tourism firms. Also, the importance of such findings to managerial decision‐making processes is evident as firms are themselves responsible for participating in successful, high impact, network alliances.Originality/valueInnovation in tourism is a critical aspect of the sector's growth potential. Yet, research in tourism innovation and the factors that are conducive to innovation is rather limited. In that sense the paper makes a contribution to the existing body of knowledge.
Role of innovation in the relationship between organizational culture and firm performance
Authors: Uzkurt Cevahir , Kumar Rachna , Semih Kimzan Halil , Eminoğlu Gözde 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of innovation on the relationship between organizational culture and firm performance.Design/methodology/approachData for the study were collected through a survey from 154 branches of ten prominent banks in Turkey and responses were analyzed to assess the relationships between organizational culture, firm performance and organizational innovation.FindingsThe findings reveal that in the banking sector, although organizational culture and innovation have a direct and positive effect on the firm performance dimensions, organizational culture was found to have an insignificant regression coefficient on the dimensions of firm performance in the presence of organizational innovations.Practical implicationsThese findings provide useful insights for organizations, particularly in the banking industry, seeking to be competitive and responsive to environmental changes by successfully introducing innovations. Conclusions emphasize that mechanisms to encourage and foster an innovative culture in the organization are likely to facilitate the introduction, adoption and diffusion of innovations which, in turn, is likely to result in achievement of superior firm performance.Originality/valueOrganizational culture has been studied in the literature as one of the characteristics impacting the firm's performance. But there is a paucity of research which models andempiricallystudies the relationship between organizational culture and the firm performance. In addition, several researchers have studied organizational innovation as a driver of firm performance but fewer researchers have studied organizational innovations as being impacted by organizational culture. In this study, the paper examines the relationship between organizational culture and firm performance and the role of organizational innovation in this relationship. This research makes an important contribution to the existing literature by empirically examining the relationship between organizational culture, innovations and firm performance.
From measuring to learning? – Probing the evolutionary path of IC research and practice
Authors: Yu Ai , Humphreys Patrick 
Published: January 2013

PurposeIn line with an emerging critical trend in the field of intellectual capital (IC), the aim of this paper is to probe the evolutionary path of IC research and practices. The paper aims to argue that IC research and practices need to shift from the measuring paradigm to a learning paradigm.Design/methodology/approachA total of 15 interviews with experienced IC consultants were conducted while they were all working on a European Commission funded IC project across five European countries from 2005 to 2008. Altogether their voices constitute a critical line of thought.FindingsThe findings showed that a learning paradigm does not take a stand against the measuring paradigm, however it does transform the measuring paradigm, as it takes it to a new level of understanding by engaging a firm's attention to the socio‐psychological mechanism that generates and sustains IC flows. IC flows entail new knowledge flows, practice flows, and affect flows that elicit organizational change and innovation.Practical implicationsThe paper discusses two implications of this research. First, effective IC flow management may strengthen a firm's future earning potential by allowing for value‐added activities and by nurturing a strong learning motive. Second, three criteria for IC information disclosure are proposed to work around the issue of management control and/or public relations manipulation. The paper suggests that the design and implementation of IC models within a reporting framework should aim to make the concept of IC more accessible, actionable, and effective.Originality/valueThis paper offers a novel conceptual framework and an operational context which explore the possible ways of advancing IC research and practices.
A micro intellectual capital knowledge flow model: a critical account of IC inside the classroom
Authors: Oliver Gary R. 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to use the critical approach to management research (Alvesson and Deetz), to examine intellectual capital (IC) with the twin perspectives of from inside the classroom and as a bottom‐up approach, and, in the process, develop a micro IC model of knowledge flows.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a case study, based on the author's experience in applying the concept of micro IC to the classroom and student learning.FindingsIC is created without the students being formally aware of its extent. The focus moves from a top‐down evaluation of IC stocks such as student academic performance to a bottom‐up view of IC flows in which discipline knowledge is applied and generic attributes such as collaboration, communication and critical evaluation are exercised with incremental improvement. These are not normally noticed by the students. However, some skills which do not form part of the university skills plan are acknowledged by students. These include high engagement in the classroom instead of passive learning, more confident, flexible communication and persuasion, as well as the ability to speak unprepared without resorting to reciting from the textbook or lecture slides.Research limitations/implicationsThe model for micro IC is based on case study research which has been conducted longitudinally for three years. The micro IC knowledge flow model has been developed outside the business environment but with reference to it.Practical implicationsThere is scope to compare and apply the insights from the micro IC model to business performance without requiring an overarching interwoven set of indicators as is required by approaches such as the balanced scorecard.Social implicationsA micro IC approach provides a bottom‐up method for understanding the often significant benefits of IC that are hidden by a top‐down approach.Originality/valueA micro IC approach has not been previously proposed. The paper both provides a model drawn from the knowledge literature and then applies it to learning and teaching in management accounting coursework which uses a team‐learning approach.