bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecological security assessment of Yunnan Province, China in the context of Production–Living–Ecological space division
Authors: Liu Fang , Zhang Qian , Wang Jinliang , Liu Yuexiong , Wang Wanbin , Li Sen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith the rapid development of population, society and economy, human activities have caused serious adverse impacts on the environment, ecosystems and landscape patterns over the long term. In order to address the series of impacts of human activities on the environment, territorial space and resource use, the study of Production–Living–Ecological Space (PLES) and ecological security have all become academic frontiers in the field of sustainable development. In this study, we applied multi‐source data and GIS technology to construct an ecological security evaluation model based on the results of PLES delineation and the Pressure‐State‐Response (PSR) framework, and carried out the three‐period PLES ecological security evaluation for 2000, 2010 and 2020 at the county and grid scales in Yunnan Province. The PLES pattern in Yunnan Province is dominated by ecological space, which accounts for 75%, followed by 23% of production space, with ecological space shrinking from 2000 to 2020. Ecological security in ecological space and living space shows an improving trend from 2000 to 2020. The ecological security of production space improved in 2010 compared to 2000 but then showed a decreasing trend in 2020. Ecological security in ecological space shows that north‐western and southern Yunnan is safer than central Yunnan, while ecological security in living space is safer in central Yunnan, and ecological security in production space is better in southern Yunnan than in northern Yunnan. Comparison with related research results shows that the ecological security evaluation results of PLES in Yunnan Province in this study are scientific and reasonable. The ecological security evaluation model of PLES constructed in this study solves the problem of complex and incomplete ecological security evaluation indexes in the past, and the results of the study are more refined and precise, which provides new ideas for the study of regional ecological security.
Unleashing the Power of Domino Reactions on Carbohydrates: State of the Art
Authors: Antonini Giulia , Petrosilli Laura , Giussani Ilaria , Ciulla Maria Gessica , Mazzotta Sarah , D'Orazio Giuseppe 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe intricate nature of carbohydrate structures has prompted the scientific community to seek efficient protocols for their manipulation. Lengthy synthetic pathways, often necessary to achieve complex sugar structures, pose challenges not only in terms of time and cost but also regarding environmental sustainability. Consequently, domino transformations serve as valuable tools in streamlining drug discovery processes. Sequential procedures involving fewer steps and minimal isolation/purification steps are particularly appealing to organic chemists in the field of carbohydrate chemistry. This review highlights several examples of domino transformations applied to carbohydrates, aiming to summarize their chemical potential in delivering sugar‐based compounds with significant applications in the generation of new chemical scaffolds for drug discovery and chemical biology.
Green manuring improves soil quality, grain yield, and grain anthocyanin content in colored rice cultivated in tropical regions
Authors: Song Shaokun , Yin Qi , Khan Mohammad Nauman , Zhao Tingcheng , Liu Ke , Harrison Matthew Tom , Tao Ye , Nie Lixiao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGreen manuring is the process by which vegetative crops are incorporated into the soil, and it plays a good substitutable role in reducing chemical fertilizer applications while enhancing soil fertility. Field experiments were conducted at Lingao City of Hainan Province in 2020 and 2021, to evaluate the effects of in situ incorporation of different green manures (fallow (as control), rice, sesbania, and stylosanthes) on soil physical and chemical properties, nitrogen (N) uptake, grain yield, and the grain anthocyanin content in colored rice. Treatments included colored rice cultivated with previous fallow (T0), with previous rice straw manure (T1), with previous sesbania manure (T2), and with previous stylosanthes manure (T3). The seedlings of the colored rice variety Suixiangheinuo were transplanted 23 days after the incorporation of green manure. Our results indicated that both the grain yield and grain anthocyanin content of colored rice were significantly increased when green manure was incorporated into the soil compared to that of the control. Therein, grain yields of T1, T2, and T3 were increased by an average of 12.7%, 29.0%, and 24.5%, respectively, across 2 years in comparison with those of T0. And grain anthocyanin content in colored rice under T1, T2, and T3 was increased by 7.2%–7.5%, 13.9%–24.2%, and 9.8%–20.6%, respectively. In addition, in situ incorporation of leguminous green manure in the soil significantly increased soil fertility and partial factor productivity for N fertilizer. The above results suggested that colored rice crops should be followed in rotation with leguminous green manure, which was beneficial to increasing both grain yield and grain anthocyanin content of colored rice. This research elucidated that the incorporation of leguminous green manure sustained the production of colored rice in tropical regions, which was beneficial to reconcile the relationship between rice production and environmental protection.
The Effect of Temporal Persistence of Loneliness on Dementia: A Longitudinal Analysis From the Hunter Community Study
Authors: Khaing Kay , Dolja‐Gore Xenia , Nair Balakrishnan R. , Byles Julie , Attia John 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesLoneliness is common and becoming a public health concern. Although there is the clear evidence of the variable effect of temporal differences in loneliness (transient/situational and persistent/chronic) on health, their effect on dementia risk is unclear. This study aims to assess the effect of transient/situational and persistent/chronic loneliness on dementia risk.MethodParticipants aged 55 years and older from the Hunter Community Study were recruited. Loneliness was measured using a single item measure. Dementia was defined as per International Classification of Disease—10 (ICD 10) codes. The Fine‐Gray subdistribution hazard model was performed to calculate dementia risk.ResultsOf 1968 total participants with mean age of 66 years, (3%) 57 developed dementia and (7%) 135 died over the mean follow up of 10 years. Both persistent/chronic and transient/situational loneliness significantly increased the risk of all cause dementia in adjusted models (HR 2.74, 95% CI 1.11–6.88, p 0.03 and HR 2.35, 95% CI 1.21–4.55, p 0.01 respectively) with mean time to event of 9.7 years. Feeling lonely below the age of 70 years elevated the risk of dementia in later life (HR 4.01, 95% CI 1.40–11.50, p 0.01).ConclusionsLoneliness (both persistent/chronic and transient/situational) was associated with increased risk of all cause dementia, especially if loneliness was experienced before the age of 70 years. These results suggest that promoting coping strategies for loneliness especially in persons 70 years and younger may play a role in preventing dementia.
Clinical Outcomes of Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) for Depression in Older Old People Relative to Other Age Groups Across the Adult Life Span: A CARE Network Study
Authors: Sarma Shanthi , Zeng Yucheng , Barreiros Ana Rita , Dong Vanessa , Massaneda‐Tuneu Clara , Cao Thanh Vinh , Waite Sue , McCosker Laura K. , Branjerdporn Grace , Loo Colleen K. , Martin Donel M. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTInterventionElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a commonly used treatment for severe psychiatric illness in older adults, including in the ‘older old’ population aged 80 years and above. However, there can sometimes be a reluctance to treat the 80+ year old age group with ECT due to medical comorbidities, frailty, and concerns about cognition.Objective, Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis multi‐site, longitudinal Australian study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of ECT in older old people compared with younger age groups. Data from 310 people receiving ECT for depression at three participating hospitals was collected in a naturalistic setting, between 2015 and 2022.MeasurementsClinical ratings were conducted pre‐ECT and end‐acute ECT using the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Cognitive outcomes were assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).ResultsOlder old adults demonstrated a significant reduction MADRS scores at post‐treatment. They were more likely to meet remission criteria compared with the younger age groups. Older old adults were also less likely to show clinically significant cognitive decline post‐ECT, and were more likely to show clinically significant cognitive improvement post‐ECT compared with younger age groups.ConclusionsECT is highly effective in treating severe psychiatric illness in older old adults. Relative to the younger age groups, the older old group were more likely to remit with ECT and a greater proportion showed cognitive improvement post‐ECT. These findings suggest that ECT should be considered as a valuable and safe treatment option for older old individuals with depression.
Is transparency in sustainability the fruit of business trust: Evidence from sustainability disclosure?
Authors: Sun Yanqi , Su Kun , Cai Wei , Bai Min 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis research explores the relationship between sustainability disclosures and business trust within a dataset comprising 689 publicly listed companies in China spanning from 2006 to 2018. Our analysis delves into how business trust influences levels of sustainability disclosure, revealing a positive correlation between the two. To ensure the reliability of our findings, we conducted additional tests to address potential endogeneity concerns. Supplementary analyses indicate that this positive relationship between sustainability disclosure and business trust is particularly notable among non‐state‐owned enterprises (non‐SOEs) and companies operating in regions characterized by lower levels of marketization. Our study aligns with the principles of neo‐institutional theory, indicating that business trust, functioning as an informal institution, shapes firms' sustainability disclosure practices through normative pressures. Moreover, we observe that business trust holds more sway over sustainability disclosure practices in contexts where formal institutions are weaker. These findings contribute fresh perspectives on the determinants of sustainability disclosures and underscore the pivotal role of business trust in fostering such disclosures. Based on our findings, we suggest that policymakers should foster a business environment that enhances trust among stakeholders, encouraging firms, especially in regions with weak formal institutions, to engage more rigorously in sustainability disclosure. Such policy initiatives could include developing clearer guidelines for sustainability reporting and promoting transparency as a core business value. The implications of our research extend to managers, regulators, and investors alike, highlighting the need for integrated approaches to enhance transparency and trust in the business sector.
Construction of magnetic bimetallic oxide‐decorated attapulgite‐based adsorbents for arsenic ion adsorption
Authors: Yu Bo , Li Xiaoning , Ma Jiao , Yan Han , Lian Ke , Shen Pengfei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDArsenic contamination can exert severe detrimental effects on the ecological environment and human health. It can cause acute or chronic poisoning, resulting in cell distortion or cancer when humans come into contact with or consume arsenic‐containing water. Adsorption technology is one of the effective methods for arsenic removal. In this study, using attapulgite (ATP) as a support for bimetallic iron–manganese oxides, a series of adsorbents (Fe‐Mn/ATP) with different manganese‐to‐iron molar ratios were prepared via the coprecipitation method. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy mapping, X‐ray diffraction and zeta potential measurements were used to analyze the structure and properties of Fe‐Mn/ATP. In addition, the adsorption performance of the material for arsenic ions was investigated by static adsorption and dynamic adsorption experiments.RESULTSA novel Fe‐Mn/ATP adsorbent was prepared using ATP as the raw material and manganese‐to‐iron molar ratio was 1:3 by coprecipitation at 60 °C for 1 h. The adsorption efficiency of arsenic ions was optimal at an Fe‐Mn/ATP dosage of 2 g L−1, pH 4 and a contact time of 10 min, reaching a maximum adsorption capacity of 38.27 mg g−1 at room temperature. The adsorption process followed the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model, indicating that arsenic ion adsorption by Fe‐Mn/ATP was mainly monolayer chemical adsorption. Furthermore, Fe‐Mn/ATP showed a removal rate for arsenic ions of over 80% after four cycles of regeneration, revealing a great potential for practical application.CONCLUSIONThis study offers a promising Fe‐Mn/ATP adsorbent for removal of arsenic ions from wastewater. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Breast histopathological imaging using ultra‐fast fluorescence confocal microscopy to identify cancer lesions at early stage
Authors: Mujahid Muhammad , Khan Amjad Rehman , Kolivand Mahyar , Alamri Faten S. , Saba Tanzila , Bahaj Saeed Ali Omer 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUltrafast fluorescent confocal microscopy is a hypothetical approach for breast cancer detection because of its potential to achieve instantaneous, high‐resolution images of cellular‐level tissue features. Traditional approaches such as mammography and biopsy are laborious, invasive, and inefficient; confocal microscopy offers many benefits over these approaches. However, confocal microscopy enables the exact differentiation of malignant cells, the expeditious examination of extensive tissue sections, and the optical sectioning of tissue samples into tiny slices. The primary goal should be to prevent cancer altogether, although detecting it early can help achieve that objective. This research presents a novel Breast Histopathology Convolutional Neural Network (BHCNN) for feature extraction and recursive feature elimination method for selecting the most significant features. The proposed approach utilizes full slide images to identify tissue in regions affected by invasive ductal carcinoma. In addition, a transfer learning approach is employed to enhance the performance and accuracy of the models in detecting breast cancer, while also reducing computation time by modifying the final layer of the proposed model. The results showed that the BHCNN model outperformed other models in terms of accuracy, achieving a testing accuracy of 98.42% and a training accuracy of 99.94%. The confusion matrix results show that the IDC positive (+) class achieved 97.44% accuracy and 2.56% inaccurate results, while the IDC negative (−) class achieved 98.73% accuracy and 1.27% inaccurate results. Furthermore, the model achieved less than 0.05 validation loss.Research Highlights
The objective is to develop an innovative framework using ultra‐fast fluorescence confocal microscopy, particularly for the challenging problem of breast cancer diagnosis. This framework will extract essential features from microscopy and employ a gradient recurrent unit for detection.
The proposed research offers significant potential in enhancing medical imaging through the provision of a reliable and resilient system for precise diagnosis of breast cancer, thereby propelling the progression of state‐of‐the‐art medical technology.
The most suitable feature was determined using BHRFE optimization techniques after retrieving the features by proposed model. Finally, the features chosen are integrated into a proposed methodology, which is then classified using a GRU deep model.
The aforementioned research has significant potential to improve medical imaging by providing a complex and reliable system for precise evaluation of breast cancer, hence advancing the development of cutting‐edge medical technology.
Surface activity and wetting behavior of branched short‐chain anionic perfluorinated/cationic hydrocarbon surfactant blends in dilute solutions
Authors: Peng Mengyuan , Sha Min , Zhang Ding , Jiang Biao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractConventional perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluorosurfactants (PFOS) have caused great harm to human health and the environment, but the irreplaceable properties of fluorosurfactants offer great values. To this end, we have synthesized a highly surface active, environmentally friendly sulfonate surfactant (PBSA) with a perfluorinated branched short chain and systematically investigated its thermal stability, surface properties, wetting performance, and so forth. The minimal surface tension (γCMC) and critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the aqueous solution of PBSA were 22.70 mN/m and 0.067 mmol/L, respectively. In addition, the binary system of PBSA and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) exhibited excellent synergistic effects: γCMC and CMC values were reduced to 18.94 mN/m and 0.008 mmol/L. Moreover, the PBSA/CTAB mixed solution exhibited superb wetting ability: it could achieve complete wetting of PTFE plates at low concentrations (1.82 × 10−3 mol/L), with a minimum wetting concentration of only 2.84 × 10−5 mol/L.
New non‐contrast MRI of endolymphatic hydrops in Ménière's disease considering inversion time
Authors: Ishii Masanori , Tanaka Hiroshi , Asai Ryuichi , Kanai Yasuhisa , Kato Yujin , Ito Yusuke , Mochizuki Fumihiro , Yoneyama Masami , Ishiyama Gail , Ishiyama Akira 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesThree‐tesla MRI with gadolinium‐based contrast agents is important in diagnosing Ménière's disease. However, contrast agents cannot be used in some patients. By using the compositional difference between the inner ear endolymph and perilymph, we performed basic and clinical research focused on potassium ions and protein to find the optimal parameters for visualizing endolymphatic hydrops on MRI without contrast. We then examined the relationship between severity stage and visualization rate of endolymphatic hydrops.MethodsIn phantom experiments simulating the endolymph and perilymph, we explored MRI parameters that could be used to separate endolymph from perilymph by gradually changing the inversion time. We then used these parameters to perform both new non‐contrast MRI and contrast MRI on the same day in Ménière's disease patients, and we compared the visualization rates of endolymphatic hydrops under the two modalities. Fifty patients were selected from 478 patients with Ménière's disease of different severity stages; 12 patients had asthma and allergy to contrast agents.ResultsThe higher the disease stage, the higher the endolymphatic hydrops visualization rate. The new non‐contrast MRI gave significantly higher (p < .01) visualization rates of endolymphatic hydrops on the affected side in patients at Stage 3 or above than in Stages 1 and 2 combined.ConclusionNew non‐contrast MRI with parameters focusing on the endolymph–perilymph difference in the density of protons surrounding the potassium ions and protein can produce images consistent with endolymphatic hydrops. We believe that this groundbreaking method will be useful for diagnosing Ménière's disease in patients.Evidence LevelClinical studies are at evidence level 3 in non‐randomized controlled trials.
High Speed Photodetector Based on 2D Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Van Der Waals Heterostructure Devices
Authors: Zhao Huijuan , Guo Xiaohan , Wang Yufan , Wang Wenhui , Li Shuhan , Zhou Qiyuan , Zhou Tianyi , Xie Yannan , Yu Yuanfang , Xuan Fengyuan , Ni Zhenhua , Gao Li 
Published: August 2024

Abstract2D van der Waals (vdWs) heterostructure photodetectors have captured significant interest for their ability to achieve substantial optical conductivity gain and device tunability. However, the light absorption in ultrathin 2D inorganic vdWs devices is generally weak that leads to low detectivity. In addition, the intrinsic defects in 2D semiconductors cause significant carrier trapping and scattering by defect states during the transport process, which seriously restricts the response speed of the device. In this paper, a molybdenum tungsten disulfide (Mo0.1W0.9S2) is used to replace the conventional 2D semiconductor, while the light absorption efficiency of the device is significantly enhanced by the adoption of N’‐ Dimethyl‐3,4,9,10‐perylenedicarboximide (Me‐PTCDI), thus achieving both fast response and high detectivity. A series of type‐II organic/inorganic hybrid vdWs heterostructure photodetectors is systematically investigated based on Me‐PTCDI and Mo0.1W0.9S2. In particular, the device incorporating monolayer (ML) Me‐PTCDI and few‐layer (FL) Mo0.1W0.9S2 demonstrates a detectivity of up to 4.4 × 1011 Jones and a response time of 24.9 µs. By utilizing the device as a light sensing pixel, a single‐detecting pixel imaging system is demonstrated with high precision, showcasing promising prospects in fast imaging applications.
Efficient and Stable Perovskite LED Prepared by the Regulation of Vertical Spatial Crystallization Dynamics
Authors: Lu Feifei , Ji Huiyu , Dong Jianchao , Liu Lang , Wang Ning 
Published: August 2024

AbstractQuasi‐2D perovskite‐based light‐emitting diodes (Q‐2D PeLEDs) have recently gained attention as promising technology for future lighting and displays, due to their remarkable advancements in device efficiency. In order to make Q‐2D PeLEDs technology practical in display and lighting applications, it is essential to ensure a long lifespan, particularly at large area and high brightness levels. In this work, the top‐down crystallization mechanism of the Q‐2D perovskite films is explored through introducing alkali metal Na+ to precisely control the phase distribution in the vertical space. Furthermore, the robust interactions between Na+ and PbBr64− octahedra increases the lifetime of the device by orders of magnitude via passivating the halogen vacancies on the perovskite surface as well as replacing insulating ligands, reducing Joule heat. Eventually, the operating half‐lifetime (T50) of small area device (0.04 cm2) exceeds 612 h and even when the effective area is expanded ≈56 times (2.25 cm2), the T50 remains impressively high at 115 h. Additionally, these devices exhibit excellent external quantum efficiency (EQE) reaches 26.5% and 19.2%, respectively.
Star‐Like Polypeptides as Simplified Analogues of Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) Metalloenzymes
Authors: Tronnet Antoine , Salas‐Ambrosio Pedro , Roman Rosa , Bravo‐Anaya Lourdes Monica , Ayala Marcela , Bonduelle Colin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPeroxidases, like horseradish peroxidase (HRP), are heme metalloenzymes that are powerful biocatalysts for various oxidation reactions. By using simple grafting‐from approach, ring‐opening polymerization (ROP), and manganese porphyrins, star‐shaped polypeptides analogues of HRP capable of catalyzing oxidation reactions with H2O2 is successfully prepared. Like their protein model, these simplified analogues show interesting Michaelis–Menten constant (KM) in the mM range for the oxidant. Interestingly, the polymer structures are more resistant to denaturation (heat, proteolysis and oxidant concentration) than HRP, opening up interesting prospects for their use in catalysis or in biosensing devices.