bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subduction of South Pacific Tropical Water and Its Equatorward Pathways as Shown by a Simulated Passive Tracer
Authors: Qu Tangdong , Gao Shan , Fine Rana A. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis study investigates the subduction of South Pacific Tropical Water (SPTW) and its equatorward pathways using a simulated passive tracer of the consortium Estimating the Circulation & Climate of the Ocean (ECCO). The results show that approximately 5.8 Sv (1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1) of the SPTW is formed in the subtropical South Pacific Ocean within the density range between 24.0 and 25.0 kg m−3, of which about 87% is due to vertical pumping and 13% is due to lateral induction, comparing reasonably well with estimates from climatological data. Once subducted, most SPTW spreads in the subtropical South Pacific. Because of the presence of mixing, some portion of the water is transformed, and its tracer-weighted density steadily increases from an initial value of 24.4 to nearly 25.0 kg m−3 after 13 years of integration. Approximately 42% of the water makes its way into the equatorial Pacific, either through the western boundary or interior pathway. The two equatorward pathways are essentially of equal importance. A large (~70%) portion of the SPTW entering the equatorial region resurfaces in the central equatorial Pacific. The potential impacts of the resurfacing SPTW on the equatorial thermocline and surface stratification are discussed.
The Subject’s Tracks
Authors: Gómez Carpinteiro Francisco Javier 
Published: June 2013

The Zapatistas’ Other Campaign was important in producing a notion of politics in which persons with experiences of exploitation and subjugation emerged as subjects renaming themselves in history. The dialogue generated by the campaign demystified the liberal idea of citizenship, confined to voting, and opened the way for a broader definition of politics and the construction of a defiant collective and autonomous subjectivity. Its influence is apparent today in collective actions such as the Peace with Justice and Dignity movement and the #Yo Soy 132 movement, both of which focus on dialogue as the key for opposing authoritarianism and manipulation by dominant powers. La Otra Campaña de los zapatistas jugó un papel importante en la producción de una noción de la política en la que personas con experiencias de explotación y sometimiento emergieron como sujetos que se redefinían a sí mismos dentro de la historia. El diálogo generado por la campaña desmitificó la idea liberal de ciudadanía, confinada al ejercicio del voto, y abrió el camino a una definición más amplia de la política y la construcción de una subjetividad colectiva y autónoma en desafío. Hoy día, su influencia es evidente en acciones colectivas como las del Movimiento por la Paz con Justicia y Dignidad y # Yo Soy 132, ambos de los cuales se centran en el diálogo como la clave para oponerse al autoritarismo y la manipulación por parte de los poderes dominantes.
Homocysteine thiolactone-induced seizures in adult rats are aggravated by inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase
Authors: Hrnčić D , Rašić-Marković A , Macut D , Šušić V , Djuric D , Stanojlović O 
Published: June 2013

Homocysteine and its metabolites (homocysteine thiolactone (HT)) induce seizures via different but still not well-known mechanisms. The role of nitric oxide (NO) in epileptogenesis is highly contradictory and depends on, among other factors, the source of NO production. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of aminoguanidine, selective inhibitor of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), on HT-induced seizures. Aminoguanidine (50, 75, and 100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) was injected to rats 30 min prior to inducing HT (5.5 mmol/kg, i.p.). Seizure behavior was assessed by seizure incidence, latency time to first seizure onset, number of seizure episodes, and their severity during observational period of 90 min. Number and duration of spike and wave discharges (SWDs) were determined in electroencephalogram (EEG). Seizure latency time was significantly shortened, while seizure incidence, number, and duration of HT-induced SWD in EEG significantly increased in rats receiving aminoguanidine 100 mg/kg before subconvulsive dose of HT. Aminoguanidine in a dose-dependent manner also significantly increased the number of seizure episodes induced by HT and their severity. It could be concluded that iNOS inhibitor (aminoguanidine) markedly aggravates behavioral and EEG manifestations of HT-induced seizures in rats, showing functional involvement of iNOS in homocysteine convulsive mechanisms.
Harmonious bilingual development: Young families’ well-being in language contact situations
Authors: De Houwer Annick 
Published: June 2013

Harmonious bilingual development is the experience of well-being in a language contact situation involving young children and their families. While so far no systematic ethnographic studies of harmonious bilingual development exist, the following constituting elements are proposed: the use of parent–child conversations employing basically a single language, children’s active use of two languages rather than just one, and children’s more or less equal proficiency in each language. The factors contributing to these elements most likely are positive attitudes to early bilingualism, discourse socialization patterns and the frequency with which children hear each language. While some research investigating these factors has been initiated, a new theory- and practice-oriented research focus on harmonious bilingual development framed within the larger context of well-being research is needed for a deeper understanding of young children and their families’ positive experience with bilingual development and the factors that may foster it.
Comparison of the Health-related Quality of Life in Patients with Narrow Gastric Tube and Whole Stomach Reconstruction after Oncologic Esophagectomy: A Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Zhang M. , Wu Q. C. , Li Q. , Jiang Y. J. , Zhang C. , Chen D. 
Published: June 2013

Background and Aims: To compare the health-related quality of life in patients with narrow gastric tube and whole stomach reconstructions after oncologic esophagectomy. Material and Methods: In a prospective randomized single-center study from 2007 to 2008, 104 patients underwent esophagectomy for cancer. To assess health-related quality of life, the questionnaire (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 and the Oesophagus-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire 18) was administered at 3 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery. Results: The perioperative complication rate was 26.9% in narrow gastric tube group and 48.1% in whole stomach group ( P = 0.31). At the time of 3 weeks after surgery, the reflux and dyspnea scores were higher in whole stomach group than in narrow gastric tube group, which meant that the patients in whole stomach group suffered more severe problem. At the time of 6 months and 1 year after surgery, the reflux scores were lower in narrow gastric tube group than in whole stomach group, which revealed that there were less problems of reflux in the patients of narrow gastric tube group; meanwhile, the score of physical function scale in narrow gastric tube group was higher conversely, which suggested that the patients gain a better status in physical function. Nausea and vomiting is the only notable symptom that was worse in whole stomach group at the time of 2 years after surgery, which suggested that patients in whole stomach group suffered more severe nausea and vomiting. Conclusions: Narrow gastric tube reconstruction may be a good alternative choice for patients undergoing oncologic esophagectomy in view of better health-related quality of life after the surgery.
Does Blood Transfusion Affect Intermediate Survival after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery?
Authors: Mikkola R. , Heikkinen J. , Lahtinen J. , Paone R. , Juvonen T. , Biancari F. 
Published: June 2013

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of transfusion of blood products on intermediate outcome after coronary artery bypass surgery. Patients: Complete data on perioperative blood transfusion in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery were available from 2001 patients who were operated at our institution. Results: Transfusion of any blood product (relative risk = 1.678, 95% confidence interval = 1.087–2.590) was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality. The additive effect of each blood product on all-cause mortality (relative risk = 1.401, 95% confidence interval = 1.203–1.630) and cardiac mortality (relative risk = 1.553, 95% confidence interval = 1.273–1.895) was evident when the sum of each blood product was included in the regression models. However, when single blood products were included in the regression model, transfusion of fresh frozen plasma/Octaplas® was the only blood product associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (relative risk = 1.692, 95% confidence interval = 1.222–2.344) and cardiac mortality (relative risk = 2.125, 95% confidence interval = 1.414–3.194). The effect of blood product transfusion was particularly evident during the first three postoperative months. Since follow-up was truncated at 3 months, transfusion of any blood product was a significant predictor of all-cause mortality (relative risk = 2.998, 95% confidence interval = 1.053–0.537). Analysis of patients who survived or had at least 3 months of potential follow-up showed that transfusion of any blood product was not associated with a significantly increased risk of intermediate all-cause mortality (relative risk = 1.430, 95% confidence interval = 0.880–2.323). Conclusions: Transfusion of any blood product is associated with a significant risk of all-cause and cardiac mortality after coronary artery bypass surgery. Such a risk seems to be limited to the early postoperative period and diminishes later on. Among blood products, perioperative use of fresh frozen plasma or Octaplas seems to be the main determinant of mortality.
Human Early Liver Regeneration after Hepatectomy in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Special Reference to Age
Authors: Shirabe K. , Motomura T. , Takeishi K. , Morita K. , Kayashima H. , Taketomi A. , Ikegami T. , Soejima Y. , Yoshizumi T. , Maehara Y. 
Published: June 2013

Background and Aims: This study was conducted to clarify the effects of age on human liver regeneration. Patients and Methods: Thirty major hepatectomies, equal to or more than two segmentectomies for hepatocellular carcinoma, were performed. Ages ranged from 37 to 85 years and five octogenarians were included. The early regenerative index was defined: (liver volume after 7 days after hepatectomy − estimated remnant liver volume before hepatectomy)/estimated remnant liver volume, using three-dimensional computed tomographic volumetry. Farnesoid X receptor and forkhead box m1 expression in the liver, which has been reported to age-related decrease of liver regeneration in animal model, were examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The patients were divided into two groups: low early regenerative index ( n = 15), early regenerative index less than 55% and high early regenerative index ( n = 15), early regenerative index equal to or more than 55%. Results: The mean early regenerative index was 57%. Age ( R2 = 0.274, P = 0.003) and estimated blood loss ( R2 = 0.134, P = 0.0466) were inversely correlated with the early regenerative index, and the expression of farnesoid X receptor and forkhead box m1 was not. The incidence of posthepatectomy liver failure in the low early regenerative index group was higher than that in the high early regenerative index group ( P = 0.0421). Conclusions: Age and intraoperative blood loss are inversely correlated with early liver regeneration in humans. In elderly patients, massive blood loss should be avoided in view of liver regeneration.
A Meta-Analysis of Operative Versus Nonoperative Treatment In 463 Scapular Neck Fractures
Authors: Dienstknecht T. , Horst K. , Pishnamaz M. , Sellei R. M. , Kobbe P. , Berner A. 
Published: June 2013

Background and Aims: Treatment of scapular neck fractures remains controversial. Advantages of surgical treatments, such as anatomical restoration of fracture displacement, are counterbalanced by approach morbidity. We conducted a meta-analysis of 463 scapular neck fractures and compared clinical, functional, and radiographical outcomes in operatively and nonoperatively treated scapular neck fractures. Material and Methods: A literature search was conducted, including the databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Manuscripts were included if they reported a precise description of treatment, complications, functional outcomes, and/or radiographic evaluation. Data about day-to-day activities, level of pain-freeness, range of motion, functional grading, and radiographical assessment were pooled and compared using fixed effects models. Results and Conclusions: A total of 22 manuscripts were relevant, including 1 prospective cohort study and 21 retrospective studies. The studies showed a high heterogeneity in the result assessment. Most patients had concomitant injuries. In total, 234 out of the 463 fractures were treated operatively. Pain-freeness and radiographic outcome measurements were significantly better in the operatively treated group, whereas range of motion was significantly improved in the nonoperative treated patients. Complication rate for surgical treatment was about 10%. From the achievable data, there was no bias detected when comparing the two treatment groups. However, those data could not be analyzed for all included studies. For the same reason, the role of additional surgical treatment for concomitant injuries to the shoulder girdle could not be cleared completely. Caution should be exercised, and individual injury patterns have to be taken into consideration when considering the best treatment options.
Treatment of temporal artery pseudoaneurysms
Authors: Thomassen Irene , Klompenhouwer Elisabeth G , Willigendael Edith M , Teijink Joep AW 
Published: June 2013

Purpose To give an overview of the etiology and diagnostic process of superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysms and to evaluate different treatment modalities. Basic methods PubMed was used for searching multiple databases for relevant clinical studies. Principal findings A total of 62 studies were included, harboring 82 patients. Surgical excision is the most frequently described treatment, but less invasive treatment modalities as coiling and thrombin injections are gaining popularity. Surgical treatment was successful in all cases (67/67). Endovascular treatment was successful in 69% (9/13); the five cases treated with thrombin injection were all successful. Complementary, a description of our experience with thrombin injection is given. Conclusions Limited evidence of minimal invasive treatment for superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysm is available. Based on this review combined with our limited experience, we suggest thrombin injections to be considered as the future primary treatment modality. In the case of unsuccessful exclusion of the aneurysm, surgical excision can be performed.
Jockey Falls, Injuries, and Fatalities Associated With Thoroughbred and Quarter Horse Racing in California, 2007-2011
Authors: Hitchens Peta L. , Hill Ashley E. , Stover Susan M. 
Published: June 2013

Background: Despite the popularity of the horse racing industry in the United States and the wide recognition that horse racing is one of the most hazardous occupations, little focused research into the prevention of falls by and injuries to jockeys has been conducted. Purpose: To describe the incidence rates and characteristics of falls and injuries to Thoroughbred and Quarter Horse racing jockeys in the state of California. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Data on race-day falls and injuries were extracted from jockey accident reports submitted to the California Horse Racing Board from January 2007 to December 2011. Denominator data, number of jockey race rides, were obtained from commercial and industry databases. Jockey fall, injury, and fatality incidence rates and ratios in Thoroughbred and Quarter Horse flat races were estimated using Poisson regression. Characteristics of falls and injuries are described and compared. Results: In Thoroughbred races, 184 jockey injuries occurred from 360 reported jockey falls, 180,646 race rides, 23,500 races, and 3350 race meetings. In Quarter Horse races, 85 jockey injuries occurred from 145 jockey falls, 46,106 race rides, 6320 races, and 1053 race meetings. Jockey falls occurred at a rate of 1.99 falls per 1000 rides in Thoroughbred races, with 51% of falls resulting in jockey injury, and 3.14 falls per 1000 rides in Quarter Horse races, with 59% of falls resulting in jockey injury. The majority of falls occurred during a race, with catastrophic injury or sudden death of the horse reported as the most common cause in both Thoroughbred (29%) and Quarter Horse (44%) races. During the period studied, 1 jockey fatality resulted from a fall. Jockey fall rates were lower but injury rates were comparable to those reported internationally. Conclusion: On average, a licensed jockey in California can expect to have a fall every 502 rides in Thoroughbred races and every 318 rides in Quarter Horse races. While jockey fall rates were lower, injury rates were similar to those in other racing jurisdictions. The high proportion of jockey falls caused by horse fatalities should be further investigated.
Matrix metalloproteinases modulate ameboid-like migration of neutrophils through inflamed interstitial tissue
Authors: Lerchenberger Max , Uhl Bernd , Stark Konstantin , Zuchtriegel Gabriele , Eckart Annekathrin , Miller Meike , Puhr-Westerheide Daniel , Praetner Marc , Rehberg Markus , Khandoga Alexander G. , Lauber Kirsten , Massberg Steffen , Krombach Fritz , Reichel Christoph A. 
Published: June 2013

Key Points
The density of the interstitial collagen network increases in inflamed tissue, providing physical guidance to infiltrating neutrophils. Neutrophil interstitial migration does not require the pericellular degradation of collagen fibers, but it is modulated by MMPs.
Cold agglutinin disease
Authors: Swiecicki Paul L. , Hegerova Livia T. , Gertz Morie A. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractCold agglutinin disease is a rare and poorly understood disorder affecting 15% of patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia. We reviewed the clinical and pathologic features, prognosis, and management in the literature and describe our institutional experience to improve strategies for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Retrospective analysis identified 89 patients from our institution with cold agglutinin disease from 1970 through 2012. Median age at symptom onset was 65 years (range, 41 to 83 years), whereas the median age at diagnosis was 72 years (range, 43 to 91 years). Median survival of all patients was 10.6 years, and 68 patients (76%) were alive 5 years after the diagnosis. The most common symptom was acrocyanosis (n = 39 [44%]), and many had symptoms triggered by cold (n = 35 [39%]) or other factors (n = 20 [22%]). An underlying hematologic disorder was detected in 69 patients (78%). Thirty-six patients (40%) received transfusions during their disease course, and 82% received drug therapy. Rituximab was associated with the longest response duration (median, 24 months) and the lowest proportion of patients needing further treatment (55%). Our institution’s experience and review of the literature confirms that early diagnostic evaluation and treatment improves outcomes in cold agglutinin disease.
Associations of fetuin-A and osteoprotegerin with arterial stiffness and early atherosclerosis in chronic hemodialysis patients
Authors: Pateinakis Panagiotis , Papagianni Aikaterini , Douma Stella , Efstratiadis Georgios , Memmos Dimitrios 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality remains excessive in patients with chronic kidney disease. The association of vascular changes with regulators of extraosseous calcification in this patient population is still under investigation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations of the calcification inhibitor fetuin-A, and the anti-osteoclastic factor osteoprotegerin (OPG) with vascular pathology in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study including 81 stable chronic hemodialysis patients, we measured carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) with applanation tonometry, reflecting arterial stiffness, and common carotid intima-media thickness (ccIMT), a surrogate of early atherosclerosis, as well as serum levels of fetuin-A and OPG. Co-morbidities, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory markers and mineral-bone disease serology parameters were also recorded.

Results
cfPWV correlated inversely with fetuin-A (r=−0.355, p=0.001) and positively with OPG (r=0.584, p<0.001). In multilinear regression analysis including age, gender, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, pulse pressure, LDL, logCRP, both fetuin-A and OPG were independently associated with cfPWV (p=0.024 and p=0.041 respectively). ccIMT was negatively associated with fetuin-A (r=−0.312, p=0.005) and positively with OPG (r=0.521, p<0.0001); however these associations lost statistical significance after adjustment for age.

Conclusion
In chronic hemodialysis patients both fetuin-A and OPG levels are independently associated with arterial stiffness but not with early atherosclerotic vascular changes.