bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LIMITATIONS OF HUMAN SENSORY SYSTEMS
Authors: Iqbal Tehseen 
Published: July 2024

All living organisms on earth have sensory systems which help them to detect changes in their environment so that they can respond appropriately to survive, protect themselves or grow. While our senses are incredible tools for perceiving and interacting with the world, they have limitations. Our eyes can only detect a narrow range of the electromagnetic spectrum, we have narrow field of vision and limited visual acuity. Our ears have a limited range of frequencies that they can detect, preventing us from hearing infrasound and ultrasound. We have relatively small number of olfactory receptors. Humans have around 9,000 taste buds, allowing us to detect a wide range of flavours. In contrast, cats have only around 470 taste buds, making them less sensitive to taste. Dogs, on the other hand, have around 1,700 taste buds but their sense of smell is more dominant in determining their food preferences. By understanding these limitations, and knowing about the different mechanisms for enhanced or alternative perception present in other organisms, we can develop technologies and methods to compensate for them and enhance our understanding of the world around us. Inspired by the eye of the morpho butterfly, a surgical camera is developed that connects to the goggles of a surgeon who sees infrared signals given off by tumour-binding dyes and surgeon can remove all of the cancerous tissue.
Pak J Physiol 2024;20(1):1-2
Laboratoryjna ocena łącznego wpływu włókien jutowych i środków odświeżających (rejuvenatorów) na niektóre właściwości użytkowe mieszanki mineralno-asfaltowej zawierającej destrukt asfaltowy
Authors: Gallo Peter , Belhaj Majda , Valentin Jan , Vackova Pavla 
Published: July 2024

Zastosowanie destruktu asfaltowego (RA) w mieszankach betonu asfaltowego przynosi korzyści ekonomiczne i środowiskowe i jest ważne w dążeniu do stosowania zasad zrównoważonego rozwoju i gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym. Celem niniejszej pracy jest ocena skuteczności dodatku dwóch środków odświeżających na bazie biologicznej i włókien jutowych na właściwości użytkowe mieszanki mineralno-asfaltowej zaprojektowanej z 30% udziałem destruktu asfaltowego według masy. Przeanalizowano siedem wariantów mieszanki, różniących się dodatkiem środka odświeżającego i/lub włókien. Właściwości mechaniczne zostały ocenione za pomocą testów laboratoryjnych mierzących podatność na wilgotność (ITSR), moduł sztywności (IT-CY), odporność na propagację pęknięć (SCB) i moduł dynamiczny (4PB-PR). Mieszanki z włóknami jutowymi wykazywały niższą podatność na wilgotność. W porównaniu z mieszanką referencyjną, w odniesieniu do mieszanek ze środkami odświeżającymi wykazano spadek modułu sztywności. Odwrotną tendencję zaobserwowano po dodaniu włókien. Najlepsze wyniki w zakresie odporności na propagację pęknięć i modułu zespolonego uzyskano poprzez dodanie do mieszanki włókien jutowych ze środkiem odświeżającym.
Długowieczne nawierzchnie z betonu z recyklingu w niezwiązanych warstwach ziarnistych
Authors: Golkowski Gudrun 
Published: July 2024

Konstrukcja niezwiązanych warstw ziarnistych (UGL) w budowie nawierzchni opiera się głównie na empirycznej wiedzy na temat zachowania kruszyw naturalnych. Czy możliwe jest przeniesienie tego zachowania na wydajność materiałów pochodzących z recyklingu w UGL? W sekcji testowej in-situ, podzielonej na 12 podsekcji, BASt ocenił wydajność UGL wykonanego z betonu z recyklingu i różnych procentów cegieł z recyklingu w porównaniu do UGL z kruszyw naturalnych przez dziesięć lat. Analiza danych z regularnie wykonywanych pomiarów ugięciomierzem wykazała wystarczającą nośność zgodnie z wymaganiami dla wszystkich różnych podsekcji. Istnieją jednak znaczące różnice wynikające ze składu UGL w różnych podsekcjach. Niezależnie od wystarczającej nośności zauważalne stały się inne uszkodzenia. Pęknięcia poprzeczne pojawiły się po pierwszej silnej zimie i w kolejnych latach na pododcinkach z wysokim udziałem betonu z recyklingu w UGL. Zaobserwowana liczba pęknięć silnie koreluje ze składem UGL. Aby jednak zapewnić długą żywotność takich nawierzchni, należy wziąć pod uwagę przyjętą konstrukcję i lepsze określenie ich wydajności w badaniach laboratoryjnych w odniesieniu do zachowania po utwardzeniu materiałów pochodzących z recyklingu, aby uniknąć wczesnych uszkodzeń.
Prognozowanie nieodwracalnej podatności i nawrotu sprężystego asfaltów modyfikowanych plastomerami odpadowymi w badaniu MSCR
Authors: Mazurek Grzegorz , Buczyński Przemysław , Iwański Marek , Kowalczyk Artur , Podsiadło Marcin 
Published: July 2024

W artykule dokonano oceny możliwości prognozy charakterystyk mikrostruktury nieodwracalnej części modułu podatności i procentowego nawrotu w badaniu MSCR za pomocą podstawowych właściwości asfaltu. W badaniach poddano kontrolowaniu 7 zmiennych. W ramach badania zastosowano dwa typy asfaltów 20/30 i 70/100 oraz dwa rodzaje plastomeru odpadowego. Cały proces badawczy został podporządkowany planowi Placketta-Burmana. Rezultaty wzbogacono o analizę mikrostruktury dyspersji plastomeru odpadowego w asfalcie. W rezultacie stwierdzono, że wpływ mikrostruktury na nieodwracalną część modułu podatności i procentowego nawrotu nie był znaczący. Natomiast proces mieszania istotnie wpływał na stan rozproszenia cząstek plastomeru w asfalcie. Dzięki technice MARS udało się powiązać podstawowe cechy asfaltu, takie jak penetracja, temperatura mięknienia, temperatura łamliwości oraz lepkość dynamiczna z nieodwracalną częścią modułu podatności i procentowym nawrotem ze skutecznością wyrażoną przez współczynnik determinacji R2=99%. Wskazano również, że rodzaj plastomeru odgrywa znaczącą rolę w kształtowaniu wartości procentowego nawrotu asfaltu.
Sztywność mieszanek MCE na bazie ubocznych cementowych produktów pylastych i kruszywa z recyklingu
Authors: Skotnicki Łukasz , Kuźniewski Jarosław 
Published: July 2024

W artykule przedstawiono możliwości powtórnego zastosowania materiałów pochodzących z recyklingu w konstrukcjach nawierzchni drogowych. W pracy analizowano wpływ destruktu asfaltowego i ubocznych cementowych produktów pylastych (UCPP) na sztywność mieszanek mineralno-cementowo-emulsyjnych (MCE). Destrukt asfaltowy może być wykorzystany jako surowiec wtórny do przygotowania mieszanek stabilizowanych cementem w technologii recyklingu na zimno. Zastosowanie w nawierzchniach drogowych mieszanek MCE jest jednym ze sposobów utylizacji odpadów budowlanych. Badania mieszanek MCE z UCPP miały na celu potwierdzenie możliwości zastosowania tych materiałów do warstw konstrukcji nawierzchni, poddanych recyklingowi na zimno. Istotą była ocena wpływu innowacyjnego środka wiążącego UCPP na właściwości mechaniczne mieszanek MCE. Analizowano sztywność przedmiotowych mieszanek. Badania wykonano dla mieszanek: drobnoziarnistej i gruboziarnistej. Badania sztywności w pośrednim rozciąganiu (IT-CY) wykonano wg normy PN-EN 12697-26. Badanie wytrzymałości na rozciąganie pośrednie (ITS) wykonano wg PN-EN 12697-23. Zastosowanie innowacyjnych spoiw pozwoliło na redukcję sztywności poszczególnych mieszanek MCE w porównaniu do mieszanek referencyjnych, zawierających klasyczny cement, przy zachowaniu ich odpowiedniej trwałości. Opracowane zależności pomiędzy sztywnością IT-CY a wytrzymałością ITS pozwolą na optymalizację procesu projektowania i wykonywania mieszanek MCE w nawierzchniach drogowych. Stosowanie UCPP zmieniło właściwości mechaniczne mieszanek MCE, ograniczając ich sztywność. Przyczyni się to do zwiększenia odporności na pękanie podbudowy i zwiększenie jej trwałości zmęczeniowej. Innowacyjny materiał został wykorzystany na odcinku doświadczalnym i jest monitorowany.
Kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket: Zero (2. utg.)
Authors: Holen Solveig , Martinussen Monica , Eng Helene 
Published: July 2024

Bakgrunn: Denne artikkelen er en kunnskapsoppsummering om effektene av Zero, som er et universalforebyggende program mot mobbing, og som retter seg mot barn og unge i skolen. Artikkelen er en revisjon av en tidligere evaluering av Zero i Ungsinn (Martinussen & Eng, 2010), og er omarbeidet i henhold til Ungsinns nye kriterier og prosedyrer for vurdering og klassifisering av tiltak (Martinussen m. fl., 2016). Hovedmålet med programmet er å redusere mobbing, forebygge at mobbing oppstår, samt øke trivsel på skolen og redusere angst for å bli mobbet. Programmet er ikke manualbasert, men bygger på prinsippet om nulltoleranse for mobbing, autoritative voksne, konsistens og kontinuitet. Dette innebærer at det ikke tillates at elever er ubehagelige mot hverandre, voksne skal utøve en kombinasjon av støtte og kontroll, og at antimobbearbeidet skal integreres i skolens totale virksomhet. Ansatte, elever og foreldre involveres slik at det forankres på skolen på alle nivåer. Skolene utarbeider egne handlingsplaner mot mobbing basert på prinsippene og ideene i Zero-programmet. De sentrale områdene det arbeides etter er avdekking, problemløsning, forebygging og kontinuitet. Elevrådet involveres også, og oppfordres til å jobbe systematisk med antimobbearbeid i og utenfor klasserommet. Programmet er utviklet av læringsmiljøsenteret i Stavanger, men implementeres for tiden ikke aktivt. Videre utvikling og tilrettelegging av programmet avhenger av myndighetenes prioriteringer.
Metode: Kunnskapsoppsummeringen bygger på et systematisk litteratursøk i databasene Embase, Medline, Psykinfo, NORART Cochrane, Cristin, NORA, SCOPUS, og SweMed, rapporter fra kunnskapssenteret, NREPP, NICE og Blueprint, samt informasjon gitt fra tiltakseier.
Resultater: Litteratursøket resulterte i én effektstudie. Dette var en evaluering av programmet som ble gjennomført i 2003/2004 med til sammen 146 skoler og over 20000 elever. Denne studien benyttet seg av to kvasi-eksperimentelle design. Gjennom det ene designet ble elevene i skolene som deltok i Zero-programmet sammenlignet med elever som ikke deltok i programmet. Det andre designet var et pretest-posttest design hvor endring i mobbeatferd undersøkes over et år for alle elevene på skolene som deltar i Zero-programmet. Studien har enkelte metodiske begrensninger og svake funn, spesielt med tanke på sammenligningen mellom Zero-skoler og andre skoler.
Konklusjon: Zero er et godt beskrevet program, med gode rutiner for implementering og en sterk teoretisk forankring. Det er imidlertid behov for oppdatering av programmet, spesielt for å tilpasse dette den nye digitale hverdagen og nyere teori om mobbing. Det er også behov for effektstudier med bedre kvalitet for å kunne konkludere med om tiltaket er mer virksomt enn ordinær praksis.
Zero klassifiseres på evidensnivå 3: Tiltak med noe dokumentasjon på effekt.
Towards reliable healthcare Imaging: conditional contrastive generative adversarial network for handling class imbalancing in MR Images
Authors: Cui Lijuan , Li Dengao , Yang Xiaofeng , Liu Chao 
Published: July 2024

Background
Medical imaging datasets frequently encounter a data imbalance issue, where the majority of pixels correspond to healthy regions, and the minority belong to affected regions. This uneven distribution of pixels exacerbates the challenges associated with computer-aided diagnosis. The networks trained with imbalanced data tends to exhibit bias toward majority classes, often demonstrate high precision but low sensitivity.

Method
We have designed a new network based on adversarial learning namely conditional contrastive generative adversarial network (CCGAN) to tackle the problem of class imbalancing in a highly imbalancing MRI dataset. The proposed model has three new components: (1) class-specific attention, (2) region rebalancing module (RRM) and supervised contrastive-based learning network (SCoLN). The class-specific attention focuses on more discriminative areas of the input representation, capturing more relevant features. The RRM promotes a more balanced distribution of features across various regions of the input representation, ensuring a more equitable segmentation process. The generator of the CCGAN learns pixel-level segmentation by receiving feedback from the SCoLN based on the true negative and true positive maps. This process ensures that final semantic segmentation not only addresses imbalanced data issues but also enhances classification accuracy.

Results
The proposed model has shown state-of-art-performance on five highly imbalance medical image segmentation datasets. Therefore, the suggested model holds significant potential for application in medical diagnosis, in cases characterized by highly imbalanced data distributions. The CCGAN achieved the highest scores in terms of dice similarity coefficient (DSC) on various datasets: 0.965 ± 0.012 for BUS2017, 0.896 ± 0.091 for DDTI, 0.786 ± 0.046 for LiTS MICCAI 2017, 0.712 ± 1.5 for the ATLAS dataset, and 0.877 ± 1.2 for the BRATS 2015 dataset. DeepLab-V3 follows closely, securing the second-best position with DSC scores of 0.948 ± 0.010 for BUS2017, 0.895 ± 0.014 for DDTI, 0.763 ± 0.044 for LiTS MICCAI 2017, 0.696 ± 1.1 for the ATLAS dataset, and 0.846 ± 1.4 for the BRATS 2015 dataset.
Ginkgetin attenuates bone loss in OVX mice by inhibiting the NF-κB/IκBα signaling pathway
Authors: Wei GeJin , Liang Xiongbo , Wu Feng , Cheng Changzhi , Huang Shasha , Zeng Yanping 
Published: July 2024

Background
Osteoporosis is a disease associated with bone resorption, characterized primarily by the excessive activation of osteoclasts. Ginkgetin is a compound purified from natural ginkgo leaves which has various biological properties, including anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and anti-tumor effects. This study investigated the bone-protective effects of ginkgetin in ovariectomized (OVX) mice and explored their potential signaling pathway in inhibiting osteoclastogenesis in a mouse model of osteoporosis.

Methods
Biochemical assays were performed to assess the levels of Ca, ALP, and P in the blood. Micro CT scanning was used to evaluate the impact of ginkgetin on bone loss in mice. RT-PCR was employed to detect the expression of osteoclast-related genes (ctsk, c-fos, trap) in their femoral tissue. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was utilized to assess the histopathological changes in femoral tissue due to ginkgetin. The TRAP staining was used to evaluate the impact of ginkgetin osteoclast generation in vivo. Western blot analysis was conducted to investigate the effect of ginkgetin on the expression of p-NF-κB p65 and IκBα proteins in mice.

Results
Our findings indicate that ginkgetin may increase the serum levels of ALP and P, while decreasing the serum level of Ca in OVX mice. H&E staining and micro CT scanning results suggest that ginkgetin can inhibit bone loss in OVX mice. The TRAP staining results showed ginkgetin suppresses the generation of osteoclasts in OVX mice. RT-PCR results demonstrate that ginkgetin downregulate the expression of osteoclast-related genes (ctsk, c-fos, trap) in the femoral tissue of mice, and this effect is dose-dependent. Western blot analysis results reveal that ginkgetin can inhibit the expression of p-NF-κB p65 and IκBα proteins in mice.

Conclusion
Ginkgetin can impact osteoclast formation and activation in OVX mice by inhibiting the NF-κB/IκBα signaling pathway, thereby attenuating bone loss in mice.
Endophytic actinomycetes promote growth and fruits quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum): an approach for sustainable tomato production
Authors: Khomampai Jeeranan , Jeeatid Nakarin , Kaeomuangmoon Thewin , Pathom-aree Wasu , Rangseekaew Pharada , Yosen Thanchanok , Khongdee Nuttapon , Chromkaew Yupa 
Published: July 2024

Background
Tomato, a fruit with a high vitamin content, is popular for consumption and economically important in Thailand. However, in the past year, the extensive usage of chemicals has significantly decreased tomato yields. Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) is an alternative that can help improve tomato production system growth and yield quality while using fewer chemicals. The present study aimed to determine whether endophytic actinomycetes promote growth and fruit quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).

Methods
The experiment was conducted in a net-houses at the Center for Agricultural Resource System Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai province, Thailand. The randomized completely block design (RCBD) was carried out for four treatments with three replications, which was control, inoculation with TGsR-03-04, TGsL-02-05 and TGsR-03-04 with TGsL-02-05 in tomato plant. Isolated Actinomycetes spp. of each treatment was then inoculated into the root zone of tomato seedlings and analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The height of tomato plants was measured at 14, 28, 56, and 112 days after transplanting. Final yield and yield quality of tomato was assessed at the maturity phase.

Results
The SEM result illustrated that the roots of tomato seedlings from all treatments were colonized by endophytic actinomycetes species. This contributed to a significant increase in plant height at 14 days after transplanting (DAT), as found in the TGsR-03-04 treatment (19.40 cm) compared to the control. Besides, all inoculated treatments enhanced tomato yield and yield quality. The highest weight per fruit (47.38 g), fruit length (52.37 mm), vitamin C content (23.30 mg 100 g−1), and lycopene content (145.92 µg g−1) were obtained by inoculation with TGsR-03-04. Moreover, the highest yield (1.47 kg plant−1) was obtained by inoculation with TGsL-02-05. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of fruits per plant, fruit width, brix, and antioxidant activity when various inoculations of endophytic actinomycetes were applied. Therefore, the use of endophytic actinomycetes in tomato cultivation may be an alternative to increase tomato yield and yield quality.
Pathological Grief in Geriatric Age Group Affected by COVID-19 Deaths: A Community-Based Study
Authors: Kallan Sujith Babu , Bondade Swapna , Hiremath Lalitha D , V M Rama Krishna , Thyloth Murali , Goutham P C , Nandhana S 
Published: July 2024

Background: Deaths by COVID-19 have left behind nearly 12 million recent bereaved individuals worldwide and researchers have raised concerns that the circumstances of COVID-19 related deaths will lead to a rise in prevalence of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) cases. Nevertheless, no research has looked at the PGD incidence among older Indians who have lost a loved one to COVID-19. The aim this research is to determine the prevalence of PGD and the demographics of older people who have experienced COVID-19-related bereavement.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study and house to house survey was conducted between August 2022 and August 2023. Forty geriatric adults aged above 60 years, who consented to participate were assessed for PGD. Demographic details and loss-related information were collected. Self-reported prolonged grief symptoms were measured using Pandemic Grief Scale (PGS) and Traumatic Grief Inventory Self Report (TGI-SR). Anxiety and depression were measured using Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the associated factors of grief symptoms.
Results: Our study indicates that individuals who experienced loss due to COVID-19 exhibited higher levels of grief. Most of the participants were females (65%). Prevalence of PGD was 10% by TGI-SR. HAM-A scores (14.28 +/- 1.42) were higher than HAM-D scores (12.02 +/- 1.58).
Conclusion: It is essential to counsel families early and offer supportive services to prevent pathological grief associated with COVID-19 deaths.
Oral health condition among Kaingang indigenous people with diabetes mellitus / Condição de saúde bucal entre indígenas Kaingang com diabetes mellitus
Authors: Benedito Júnior Cesar de Souza , Batiston Adriane Pires , Do Carmo Lourenço Haddad Maria , Silva Marcon Sonia , Aiello Bomfim Rafael , Ferraz Teston Elen 
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: analisar as condições de saúde bucal de indígenas com diabetes. Método: estudo transversal, realizado na Terra Indígena na região norte do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados mediante entrevista, exame intraoral e consulta a prontuários de indígenas da etnia Kaingang e submetidos à análise descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: participaram 45 indígenas, com idade média de 56,3 ± 12,4 anos, sendo 53,3% do sexo feminino. Em relação ao risco em saúde bucal, 31,1% apresentaram alto risco sendo que 95,6% deles tinham índice muito alto e alto (≥ 5) de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados, 42,2% referiram xerostomia, 66,7% diagnóstico de doença periodontal e 24,4% eram edêntulos totais. Conclusão: a condição de saúde bucal de indígenas com diabetes reflete a necessidade de priorizar ações de educação preventiva em saúde bucal pelas equipes de saúde da família.
Enhanced Performance of a ZnO Nanowire‐Based Self‐Powered Glucose Sensor by Piezotronic Effect
Authors: Yu Ruomeng , Pan Caofeng , Chen Jun , Zhu Guang , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA self‐powered, piezotronic effect‐enhanced glucose sensor based on metal‐semiconductor‐metal (M–S–M) structured single ZnO nanowire device is demonstrated. A triboelectrical nanogenerator (TENG) is integrated to build a self‐powered glucose monitoring system (GMS) to realize the continuously monitoring of glucose concentrations. The performance of the glucose sensor is generally enhanced by the piezotronic effect when applying a –0.79% compressive strain on the device, and magnitude of the output signal is increased by more than 200%; the sensing resolution and sensitivity of sensors are improved by more than 200% and 300%, respectively. A theoretical model using energy band diagram is proposed to explain the observed results. This work demonstrates a promising approach to raise the sensitivity, improve the sensing resolution, and generally enhance the performance of glucose sensors, also providing a possible way to build up a self‐powered GMS.
The natural place to begin: The ethnoprimatology of the Waorani
Authors: Papworth Sarah , Milner‐Gulland E.J. , Slocombe Katie 
Published: July 2013

AbstractEthnoprimatology is an important and growing discipline, studying the diverse relationships between humans and primates. However there is a danger that too great a focus on primates as important to humans may obscure the importance of other animal groups to local people. The Waorani of Amazonian Ecuador were described by Sponsel [Sponsel (1997) New World Primates: Ecology, evolution and behavior. New York: Aldine de Gruyter. p 143–165] as the “natural place” for ethnoprimatology, because of their close relationship to primates, including primates forming a substantial part of their diet. Therefore they are an ideal group in which to examine contemporary perceptions of primates in comparison to other types of animal. We examine how Waorani living in Yasuní National Park name and categorize primates and other common mammals. Although there is some evidence that the Waorani consider primates a unique group, the non‐primate kinkajou and olingo are also included as part of the group “monkeys,” and no evidence was found that primates were more important than other mammals to Waorani culture. Instead, a small number of key species, in particular the woolly monkey (Lagothrix poeppigii) and white‐lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari), were found to be both important in the diet and highly culturally salient. These results have implications for both ethnoprimatologists and those working with local communities towards broader conservation goals. Firstly, researchers should ensure that they and local communities are referring to the same animals when they use broad terms such as “monkey,” and secondly the results caution ethnoprimatologists against imposing western taxonomic groups on indigenous peoples, rather than allowing them to define themselves which species are important. Am. J. Primatol. 75:1117–1128, 2013. © 2013 The Authors.American Journal of PrimatologyPublished by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.