bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of prospective screening in the diagnosis of dementia in people with Down's syndrome
Authors: Starkey Hayley , Bevins Shelley , Bonell Simon 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– People with Down's syndrome are at increased risk of developing early onset Alzheimer's disease. It has been recommended that all adults with Down's syndrome receive baseline neuropsychological testing for dementia. In certain areas prospective screening of people with Down's syndrome takes place to ensure the early diagnosis of the condition. However, little has been published on the value of this type of screening. The purpose of this paper is to report on a prospective screening programme and asks whether the programme is effective in identifying dementia-related changes in people with Down's syndrome and whether the current screening intervals are appropriate.

Design/methodology/approach
– All adults with Down's syndrome in Plymouth (UK) are identified and offered a comprehensive test battery at baseline at the age of 20 and then have testing biennially from 40 to 50 and annually after 50. All individuals diagnosed with dementia between 2001 and 2013 were identified and their case notes examined. The symptoms at the time of diagnosis were identified and whether these symptoms had been identified through the screening programme or by other routes were recorded. Prevalence data and age at diagnosis were also recorded.

Findings
– In total, 26 people were diagnosed with dementia during the study period. Of these, the diagnosis of dementia followed concerns being identified during the routine screening programme in 54 per cent of cases. In the younger age group (age 40-49) 63 per cent of people were identified through the screening programme. At the time of diagnosis a mean of 5.5 areas of concern were in evidence.

Research limitations/implications
– Limited by small sample size, however service development not original research. Implications for the use of prospective dementia screening in people with Down's syndrome.

Practical implications
– Implications for how services choose to run their Down's syndrome and dementia screening programmes, including the frequency of screening.

Originality/value
– The paper adds to a growing evidence base around the value of prospective dementia screening in people with Down's syndrome. It is also one of a few studies exploring the frequency of screening. Additionally, it adds further data about prevalence of dementia in people with Down's syndrome.
An urban growth model of office property development
Authors: Wadu Mesthrige Jayantha 
Published: August 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to estimate an empirical model for new office space development starts, based on the theoretical treatment of urban growth. The study introduces a new parameter, namely, office space-usage pattern, to the office space development equation and tests whether developers respond to non-price measures in deciding to commence new developments.Design/methodology/approach– The study first introduces a co-integration approach based on an error correction model to test for long-run relations and short-run dynamics of new office space development. A multivariate regression model is then introduced to identify significant determinants that influence office development starts. The study uses annual data over a time span of 30 years.Findings– Estimated results provide strong evidence that the newly introduced parameter exerts a positive impact on new office space development. It suggests that if the average floor space per employee changes by one percentage point, new office development starts would change by 1.5 percentage point, indicating even a marginal change in floor-space usage per employee (SPE) would have a significant impact on new office space development. Empirical estimates also suggest a strong response of office development starts to the lagged land supply and office space stock.Research limitations/implications– The paper raises the concern about the importance of non-price measures of the supply-side of the office market. There is scope to address the research questions using better data sets. It is also possible to model the supply adjustment process more dynamically in an error correction framework.Practical implications– The findings would suggest that non-price measures, such as space-usage pattern, need to be taken into account when planning and estimating future office space needs. This finding provides valuable insight for our current knowledge on factors affecting new office supply.Originality/value– This is the first study to introduce office floor space usage as a determinant of office development starts in an urban growth conceptual framework for the Hong Kong office market.
Developing a fuzzy risk assessment model for guaranteed maximum price and target cost contracts in South Australia
Authors: Chan Daniel W.M. , Chan Joseph H.L. , Ma Tony 
Published: August 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to develop a fuzzy risk assessment model for construction projects procured with target cost contracts and guaranteed maximum price contracts (TCC/GMP) using the fuzzy synthetic evaluation method, based on an empirical questionnaire survey with relevant industrial practitioners in South Australia.Design/methodology/approach– A total of 34 major risk factors inherent with TCC/GMP contracts were identified through an extensive literature review and a series of structured interviews. A questionnaire survey was then launched to solicit the opinions of industrial practitioners on risk assessment of such risk factors.Findings– The most important 14 key risk factors after the computation of normalised values were selected for undertaking fuzzy evaluation analysis. Five key risk groups (KRGs) were then generated in descending order of importance as: physical risks, lack of experience of contracting parties throughout TCC/GMP procurement process, design risks, contractual risks and delayed payment on contracts. These survey findings also revealed that physical risks may be the major hurdle to the success of TCC/GMP projects in South Australia.Practical implications– Although the fuzzy risk assessment model was developed for those new-build construction projects procured by TCC/GMP contracts in this paper, the same research methodology may be applied to other contracts within the wide spectrum of facilities management or building maintenance services under the target cost-based model. Therefore, the contribution from this paper could be extended to the discipline of facilities management as well.Originality/value– An overall risk index associated with TCC/GMP construction projects and the risk indices of individual KRGs can be generated from the model for reference. An objective and a holistic assessment can be achieved. The model has provided a solid platform to measure, evaluate and reduce the risk levels of TCC/GMP projects based on objective evidence instead of subjective judgements. The research methodology could be replicated in other countries or regions to produce similar models for international comparisons, and the assessment of risk levels for different types of TCC/GMP projects (including new-build or maintenance) worldwide.
Supply network design in the residential-FM sector
Authors: Huuskonen Arto Pekka Juhani 
Published: August 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to examine supply network designs that large service organisations use in the residential-FM sector to respond to the organising requirements of their operating environments.Design/methodology/approach– The study is theoretically grounded in the well-established literature on the organisational design and structural contingency theory. Utilising a framework of generic organising problems proposed by Miles and Snow (1978) and a multiple-case study design, the study elaborates how large service organisations organise and manage their supply networks in the Finnish residential-FM sector.Findings– The study identifies four supply network designs that organisations use for responding to the organising problems inherent in the property and resident services domains in the residential-FM sector. These include regional production organisation, horizontal decentralisation, environment stabilisation and demand – supply pooling, reflecting the type of the service-market domain and the organisation’s service strategy.Originality/value– The study contributes to the facilities management literature by expanding the field of inquiry from the commercial real estate sector into the emerging field of professional residential facility services. In particular, the study adds to the discussion on supply strategies and design, offering a service provider perspective to the organisation of service supply in housing.
Implementing an integrated ABC and TOC approach to enhance decision making in a Lean context
Authors: Alsmadi Majed , Almani Ahmad , Khan Zulfiqar 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to implement an integrated activity-based costing (ABC) and theory of constraints (TOC) approach to enhance decision making in a Lean company.

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on the literature, this paper proposes an integrated ABC and TOC approach and applies it to a Lean plastic manufacturing company to improve its product-mix decision.

Findings
– The results of the case study show that the current conventional product-mix decision used by the company and the proposed integrated approach can give significantly different results concerning the optimal product-mix and the associated bottlenecks. Moreover, the paper suggests that managers who implement Lean production without utilising a supportive management accounting system may experience disappointing financial results.

Research limitations/implications
– The validation of the suggested method is based on a single case study with an action research approach. For future research, the authors suggest the implementation of the approach in different industries.

Practical implications
– Overall, the integration of ABC and TOC provides managers with an accurate, timely and reliable tool that can help in making decisions about pricing, production line development, process improvements and product-mix.

Originality/value
– This paper contributes to Lean and management accounting literature by demonstrating the value of a method of integrating ABC and TOC. Also a case study is chosen for the empirical aspect of the study as there are no case studies available in the literature that illustrate a real life case of integrating ABC and TOC within Lean companies as an alternative to the current used cost accounting systems.
An empirical analysis of Lean Six Sigma implementation in SMEs – a migratory perspective
Authors: J. Thomas Andrew , Davies Alan , Ringwald Kath , Parfitt Scott , John Elwyn 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the migratory nature of Lean Six Sigma (LSS) implementation and adoption in manufacturing-based SMEs in the UK. The companies were surveyed at two points over a five-year period. These periods were before and after the 2008 recession point. This being done in order to identify the level of LSS adoption as a result of the tougher economic climate that has prevailed since 2008.

Design/methodology/approach
– Analysis is carried out on a sample of 96 manufacturing SMEs from a range of manufacturing sectors in the UK. Data were gathered from company CEOs via a triangulated method of questionnaire, direct observation and interviews.

Findings
– The paper provides research information into the characterisation, compatibility and innovativeness of SMEs towards LSS implementation and goes on to provide an implementation classification system and characterises the dynamical nature of LSS development in manufacturing SMEs.

Research limitations/implications
– The findings analyse the dynamic nature of LSS implementation in SMEs. Further work will include extending the LSS categorisation system to provide a wider category set that further defines the dynamical nature of LSS implementation. Also, more focused studies in to specific manufacturing sectors will yield greater understanding of the effects of LSS on those sectors.

Practical implications
– The paper provides practical research information into the characterisation, compatibility and innovativeness of SMEs towards LSS implementation. It will be of use to practitioners seeking to implement or develop LSS further in their organisations.

Originality/value
– This study compares at depth the LSS implementation issues within SMEs. It not only analyses the survey data but characterises their attitudes towards implementing LSS and as such this work makes a contribution to this under researched area.
A model for reliability analysis of multi-state manufacturing systems
Authors: Ahmad Niknam Seyed , Sawhney Rapinder 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the reliability analysis of a multi-state manufacturing system with different performance levels. In, fact, reliability assessment of manufacturing systems gives a reasonable demonstration of system performance.

Design/methodology/approach
– This research utilizes a multi-state system reliability analysis to develop a new metric for evaluating production systems.

Findings
– The proposed model provides a sensible measure to assess the system situation against the best-case scenario of a production line.

Originality/value
– The proposed model incorporates not only failures that stop production but also deals with partial failures where the system continues to operate at reduced performance rates. The analyses are represented in a best-case vs worst-case situation. Each of these cases provides insight for managers with respect to planning operation and maintenance activities.
Information literacy learning as epistemological process
Authors: K. Morgan Patrick 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this article is to discuss the reasons for an approach to teaching information literacy (IL) as an epistemological process of discovery, in which emphasis is shifted away from short-term mastery of library skills and re-centered on higher-order intellectual concerns.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study is based on evaluation of personal experience, readings within and outside the field of teaching librarianship and research into the ways students interact with information.

Findings
– An open approach to working with undergraduate students offers a fruitful way forward for teaching librarians and IL learners, both of whom stand constantly on the edge of an unpredictable information universe.

Originality/value
– Learner-oriented approaches to teaching IL are quite common, but relatively few studies have considered, in any depth, the possibility for a truly open model for IL learning that approaches the world of information as unified but not monolithic. This study draws on a variety of perspectives from outside librarianship to present a different vision for the future of information interaction and its facilitation by teaching librarians.
Librarians and instructors developing student learning outcomes
Authors: Lundstrom Kacy , Anna Fagerheim Britt , Benson Elizabeth 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper if to design a workshop that effectively facilitates the collaborative revision of student learning outcomes based on current research relating to competencies in information literacy (IL).

Design/methodology/approach
– This case study describes collaborations between librarians and writing instructors throughout an eight-week workshop. The workshop focused on using the results of assessments to revise learning outcomes and restructure instruction practices to help students in the areas they struggle with the most. Three significant frameworks, including threshold concepts, backward design and decoding the disciplines, were used to facilitate effective discussion and revise learning outcomes.

Findings
– The structure of the workshop based on three key frameworks stimulated innovation, fostered collegiality, prompted future collaborative opportunities and garnered buy-in for the importance and implementation of IL initiatives. This collaboration served as a pilot workshop for future plans to write and revise IL outcomes with other departments across campus.

Practical implications
– This study can serve as a model for future collaborations with any department faculty, especially when IL learning outcomes need to be articulated or revised. The frameworks described are particularly helpful for guiding this process.

Originality/value
– While much is written on librarian collaborations, this case study emphasizes the importance of creating even closer collaborative opportunities that place both non-library faculty and teaching librarians on equal footing, allowing everyone in the workshop to take part in the design and implementation of integrating IL into a program. It also gives concrete ways to use threshold concepts to discuss IL issues with faculty, which is a major focus of the newly drafted Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education.
Resource description and access: cataloging standards affect reference service
Authors: M. Keenan Teressa 
Published: August 2014

Purpose
– The aim of this paper is to highlight the relationship between cataloging data and reference service and the importance of including reference librarians, in general resource description and access (RDA) training.

Design/methodology/approach
– A literature review and the author’s experiences related to implementing RDA are presented with minimal cataloging jargon to help librarians better understand the effects of cataloging standards on reference service.

Findings
– There is a noticeable lack of research and training related to RDA for audiences beyond technical services. More research is needed to determine how users are interacting with the catalog, how bibliographic data is supporting their discovery and access, what, if any, obstacles reference librarians encounter as a result of RDA and how future iterations of RDA may open bibliographic data to communities beyond the library.

Originality/value
– This paper is one the few that discuss how RDA may affect reference service. It will be useful for providing librarians with a general understanding of the relationship between cataloging and reference and may serve as a starting point for further research.
Revisionist or simply wrong? A response to Armstrong's article on chronic illness
Authors: Gilleard Chris , Higgs Paul 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis article is a response to David Armstrong's recent, revisionist account of the epidemiological transition which he claims replaced earlier discourses of ageing with new discourses of chronic disease. We argue (i) that he misrepresents a key element in Omran's account of the epidemiological transition, namely the decline in infant, child and maternal mortality; (ii) that he fails to acknowledge debates going back centuries in Western medicine over the distinctions between natural and accidental death and between endogenous and extrinsic causes of ageing and (iii) that he misrepresents the growth of medical interest in the everyday illnesses of old age over the course of the 20th century as a discourse of suppression rather than a process of inclusion. While we would acknowledge that the chronic illnesses of today are different from those of the past, this amounts to something more than the changing semantics of senility.
Comparison of intubation performance by emergency medicine residents using gum elastic bougie versus standard stylet in simulated easy and difficult intubation scenarios
Authors: Walsh Ryan , Cookman Laura , Luerssen Emily 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjectiveWe sought to evaluate the success rate and time to endotracheal intubation by emergency medicine residents with stylet reinforced endotracheal tube (ETT‐S) versus intubation with a gum elastic bougie (GEB) in simulated easy and difficult airways on a cadaveric model.MethodsThe study was a prospective cross‐over design using a cohort of 29 emergency medicine residents. A fresh frozen cadaver was used in either standard positioning to facilitate a Cormack Lehane Grade 1 laryngoscopy, or with a hard cervical collar applied a Cormack Lehane Grade 3 laryngoscopy. Each participant then intubated the cadaver in each setting. The primary end‐point of our investigation was the time to intubation. Secondary end‐points were: success rate of intubation, mean ratings by study participants of perceived ease of intubation for each intubation technique in each simulated degree of difficulty, and overall preference of intubation technique in each simulated degree of difficulty.ResultsMean time to intubation in all scenarios ranged from 28.8–116.6 s. Time to intubation was significantly different only when comparing Grade 3 ETT‐S to Grade 3 GEB. There was no significant difference in success rate when comparing Grade 1 ETT‐S to Grade 1 GEB (P = 0.99) nor Grade 3 ETT‐S to Grade 3 GEB (P = 0.21).ConclusionTime to intubation in a simulated grade 3 view was significantly longer in the GEB group versus the ETT‐S group. Although the differences in success rates were not statistically significant, there was a trend toward more successful intubations with the GEB in the simulated grade 3 view.
Spatially tracking 13C‐labelled substrate (bicarbonate) accumulation in microbial communities using laser ablation isotope ratio mass spectrometry
Authors: Moran James J. , Doll Charles G. , Bernstein Hans C. , Renslow Ryan S. , Cory Alexandra B. , Hutchison Janine R. , Lindemann Stephen R. , Fredrickson James K. 
Published: August 2014

SummaryMicrobial mats are characterized by extensive metabolic interactions, rapidly changing internal geochemical gradients, and prevalent microenvironments within tightly constrained physical structures. We present laser ablation isotope ratio mass spectrometry (LA‐IRMS) as a culture‐independent, spatially specific technology for tracking the accumulation of 13C‐labelled substrate into heterogeneous microbial mat communities. This study demonstrates the novel LA‐IRMS approach by tracking labeled bicarbonate incorporation into a cyanobacteria‐dominated microbial mat system. The spatial resolution of 50 μm was sufficient for distinguishing different mat strata and the approach effectively identified regions of greatest label incorporation. Sample preparation for LA‐IRMS is straightforward and the spatial selectivity of LA‐IRMS minimizes the volume of mat consumed, leaving material for complimentary analyses. We present analysis of DNA extracted from a sample post‐ablation and suggest pigments, lipids or other biomarkers could similarly be extracted following ablation. LA‐IRMS is well positioned to spatially resolve the accumulation of any 13C‐labelled substrate provided to a mat, making this a versatile tool for studying carbon transfer and interspecies exchanges within the limited spatial confines of such systems.
ATF4 activity: a common feature shared by many kinds of slow‐aging mice
Authors: Li Weiquan , Li Xinna , Miller Richard A. 
Published: August 2014

SummaryATF4, a DNA‐binding factor that modulates responses to amino acid availability and ribosomal function, has been shown to be altered in both liver and fibroblasts from two strains of long‐lived mice, i.e. Snell dwarf and PAPP‐A knockout mice. New data now show elevated ATF4 levels, and elevation of ATF4‐dependent proteins and mRNAs, in liver of mice treated with acarbose or rapamycin, calorically restricted mice, methionine‐restricted mice, and mice subjected to litter crowding. Elevation of ATF4, at least in liver, thus seems to be a shared feature of diets, drugs, genes, and developmental alterations that extend maximum lifespan in mice.