bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of the movement of vibration drive elements of a gripping-cutting device
Authors: Ласточкин Д. М. , Сидыганов Ю. Н. , Кретинин В. И. , Багаутдинов И. Н. 
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрены вопросы анализа движения элементов вибрационного механизма захватно-срезающего устройства, обеспечивающего динамическое удержание дерева в вертикальном положении. Исследование основано на применении принципа динамического удержания обратного маятника на осциллирующем подвесе. Реализована разработка нового захватно-срезающего устройства, отличающегося наличием вибрационного механизма, необходимого для создания вертикальных колебаний удерживаемого дерева. В статье дано описание конструкции навесного захватно-срезающего устройства с виброприводом и последовательность его работы при срезании, удержании и пакетировании дерева. На 3D-модели предложенной конструкции захватно-срезающего устройства были проведены динамические исследования механизма вибрации с учетом момента инерции движущихся элементов в программе SolidWorks Motion. В рамках анализа движения была построена траектория движения точки подвеса захватно-срезающего устройства, имеющая форму дуги с максимальным отклонением 5 см. Анализ линейного перемещения точки подвеса ЗСУ показал, что вертикальное перемещение составляет 500 мм, а горизонтальное отклонение составляет 50 мм. Исследования движения элементов предложенной конструкции вибропривода показали, что при частоте вращения движителя 150 об/мин на валу движителя возникает момент равный 435 Н·м, что укладывается в номинальный крутящий момент большинства высоко моментных гидродвигателей.
The article considers the issues of analyzing the movement of the elements of the vibration mechanism of the gripping and shearing device, which provides dynamic retention of the tree in an upright position. The study is based on the application of the principle of dynamic retention of the reverse pendulum on an oscillating suspension. The development of a new gripping and shearing device has been implemented, characterized by the presence of a vibration mechanism necessary to create vertical vibrations of the held tree. The article describes the design of a hinged gripping and shearing device with a vibration drive and the sequence of its operation when cutting, holding and packing wood. Dynamic studies of the vibration mechanism, taking into account the moment of inertia of moving elements in the SolidWorks Motion program, were carried out on a 3D model of the proposed design of the gripping and shearing device. As part of the motion analysis, the trajectory of the suspension point of the gripper-shearing device was constructed, having the shape of an arc with a maximum deviation of 5 cm. The analysis of the linear displacement of the suspension points of the ZSU showed that the vertical displacement is 500 mm, and the horizontal deviation is 50 mm. Studies of the movement of the elements of the proposed vibration drive design have shown that at a rotational speed of 150 rpm, a torque equal to 435 Nm occurs on the propeller shaft, which fits into the nominal torque of most high-torque hydraulic motors.
The competition factor in the practice of growing mixed stands with conifers
Authors: Баркан Д. В. , Раупова Д. Э. , Данилов Д. А. 
Published: July 2024

В разных странах и в различных экологических условиях были проведены исследования по оценке продуктивности смешанных насаждений. Результаты этих сравнительных исследований показывают, что смешанные насаждения имеют тенденцию быть более продуктивными по сравнению с чистыми насаждениями, при этом оптимальные комбинации древесных пород дают наибольший эффект. Это достигается за счет усиления роста основного вида и повышения продуктивности нескольких видов в смешанном древостое. Исследования также показывают, что межвидовая конкуренция слабее внутривидовой, причем наибольший эффект наблюдается именно в этом случае.
Studies have been conducted in different countries and under different ecological conditions to assess the productivity of mixed stands. The results of these comparative studies show that mixed stands tend to be more productive than pure stands, with optimal combinations of tree species having the greatest effect. This is accomplished by enhancing the growth of the main species and increasing the productivity of several species in a mixed stand. Studies also show that interspecific competition is weaker than intraspecific competition, with the greatest effect.
Study on the ability of activated sludge bacteria to form biofilms <i>in vitro</i>
Authors: Khasanova A. A. , Sirotkin A. S. , Perushkina E. V. 
Published: July 2024

The study aims to comparatively characterize in vitro biofilm formation in bacterial cultures isolated from activated sludge, as well as archival cultures capable of xenobiotics biodegradation: Alcaligenes faecalis 2, Acinetobacter guillouiae 11h, Rhodococcus erythropolis ILBIO, and Achromobacter pulmonis PNOS. An analysis of the 16S rRNA nucleotide sequence identified strains isolated from activated sludge: Paenibacillus odorifer, Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus yunnanensis, and Bacillus proteolyticus. The formation of biofilms by microorganisms was studied on LB medium and synthetic culture medium (with sodium acetate as a carbon source). With cell growth on LB medium, an increase in biofilm biomass was observed in Paenibacillus odorifer, Bacillus subtilis, Alcaligenes faecalis 2, and Achromobacter pulmonis PNOS. The cultivation stage duration (72 and 144 h), as well as the additional dosing of substrates, had an effect on the biofilm formation process: by 144 h of cultivation, the biomass values amounted to 0.6–1.3 optical units. An average 63–77% increase in biofilm biomass was noted for Bacillus subtilis and Paenibacillus odorifer cells as compared to the 72-hour process. At the final stage of cultivation (144 h), the values of exopolysaccharides in the matrix amounted to over 0.02 optical units for Bacillus subtilis and Paenibacillus odorifer. The metabolic activity of activated sludge bacteria forming the biofilm reached 628–3609 Fl./OD540. Thus, activated sludge microorganisms forming the biofilm were shown to retain viability and metabolic activity during growth under in vitro conditions.
Effect of cold plasma treatment on the quality and nutritional value of plant materials. Scoping review
Authors: Burak L. Ch. , Sapach A. N. , Zavaley A. P. 
Published: July 2024

Cold plasma treatment is a new technology for non-thermal processing of food products, which helps to increase the expiration date of plant foods without adversely affecting their nutritional value and organoleptic parameters. The work was aimed at analyzing studies into the effect of cold plasma treatment of plant materials on their chemical composition and secondary plant metabolites, as well as organoleptic parameters. The review includes articles published in English in 2015–2023. The search for scientific literature on this topic was conducted across Scopus and Web of Science using keywords. The studies show that the effect of cold plasma treatment on proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and organoleptic parameters of plant materials depended primarily on the exposure time, intensity, power, frequency, gas flow rate, as well as the amount and type of processed plant materials. Due to the high oxidation potential and antimicrobial activity, cold plasma technology can provide an effective way to increase the shelf life and expiration date of plant materials without adversely affecting the organoleptic parameters, physicochemical parameters, and nutritional value of the product. However, limitations exist for its widespread industrial implementation. Further studies are required to determine specific treatment parameters for different types of materials and to confirm the safety and possible toxicity of cold plasma-treated food products.
Properties of cellulose nitrates produced by nitration of bacterial cellulose using mixed sulfuric-nitric acids
Authors: Gorbatova P. A. , Korchagina A. A. , Gismatulina Yu. A. , Shavyrkina N. A. , Budaeva V. V. 
Published: July 2024

The study set out to investigate the chemical functionalization of bacterial cellulose as an alternative means of satisfying the high demand for nano-sized cellulose nitrates. Using a Medusomyces gisevii Sa-12 symbiotic culture as a microbial producer, bacterial cellulose having a polymerization degree of 3950 was obtained on a synthetic glucose medium. Nitration was carried out using mixed sulfuric-nitric acids differing in their water content, followed by stabilization of the synthesized bacterial cellulose nitrates. Subject to a varying water content (14, 16 and 20 %) in the nitrating mixture, the obtained bacterial cellulose nitrates exhibited a nitrogen mass content of 8.68–11.56 %, a solubility in alcohol-ether mixture of 16.5–91.0 % and a viscosity of 32–255 mPa×s. The bacterial cellulose nitrate fibers were shown to have a nanoscale nature. Coupled thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses revealed the bacterial cellulose nitrates to have a high chemical purity and energy content. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the high quality of the bacterial cellulose based on the presence of basic functional groups characteristic of conventional cellulose: 3371, 2943, 1633, 1428, 1371, 1163, and 1112 cm-1. According to their infrared spectra, the detected basic functional groups corroborate that the synthesized products are low-substituted cellulose nitrate esters: 1660–1643, 1282-1276, 847–837, 752–749, and 691–690 cm-1. The relationship between the properties of the synthesized bacterial cellulose nitrates and the water mass content in mixed sulfuric-nitric acids is shown to have a complex nature.
Antioxidant properties of supercritical extracts of brown algae
Authors: Tabakaeva O. V. , Tabakaev A. V. , Silant’ev V. E. , Kapusta S. V. 
Published: July 2024

Macroalgae is a unique feedstock capable of producing significant biomass in a fairly short time and synthesizing various chemical compounds, including specific biologically active substances that exhibit different biological activity. The study of antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and other properties of the biologically active substances of brown algae constitutes a relevant problem. The present study aims to evaluate the antioxidant properties of supercritical extracts of the brown algae Saccharina japonica and Ascophyllum nodosum. The content of carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and mannitol was determined using a spectrophotometric method. The metal content was analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry. The antioxidant activity was evaluated according to antiradical activity using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical, hydroxyl ion binding activity, and Fe+2 chelating activity, as well as the superoxide radical scavenging activity. The studies on the supercritical extracts of brown algae revealed a rather high content of fatty acids and phenolic compounds, with fatty acids most abundantly present in the supercritical extract of Ascophyllum nodosum; phenols, mannitol, and pigments, in the extract of Saccharina japonica. The predominant macroelement in the supercritical extracts of brown algae is potassium, with the maximum content found in the extract of Saccharina japonica. The supercritical extracts of brown algae are safe in terms of the contents of nitrosamines, polychlorinated biphenyls, toxic elements, and radionuclides. The most pronounced antiradical properties were shown by the supercritical extract of Saccharina japonica. The highest hydroxyl ion binding activity was noted in the supercritical extract of Saccharina japonica. In terms of superoxide radical scavenging activity, the maximum activity was exhibited by the extract of Ascophyllum nodosum. The Fe+2 chelating activity was about the same for the supercritical extracts of brown algae, with the maximum activity (38.7 %) observed for the extract of Ascophyllum nodosum.
Effectiveness of climate resilient water safety plans in Nepal
Authors: Poudel Moti , Sharma Subodh , Ghimire Anish , Howard Guy , Flint Adrian , Baidya Manish , Nijhawan Anisha 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Water supply schemes (WSSs) in Nepal are managed by water user committees with basic knowledge of climate change. The Government of Nepal has committed and prioritized improving the quality of water services by implementing climate-resilient water safety plans (CR-WSPs) in 10 WSSs as pilot projects. In this study, how tough is water sanitation and hygiene (HTIW) framework was adopted to assess the effectiveness of these CR-WSPs, which include four groundwater and six protected springs-based WSSs. Employing the HTIW framework, this study adopted the six key indicators environment, infrastructure, management, community governance and engagement, institutional support, and supply chains to evaluate CR-WSPs effectiveness. The indicators were then assessed using a Likert scale. Resilient schemes are needed to demonstrate a capacity to respond effectively to challenges such as unforeseen extreme events and potential hazards, together with an aptitude for financial management, laboratory maintenance, and social inclusion. Less resilient schemes tend to be those linked to social inclusion or financial issues. Institutional support and supply chain domain scored four and were relatively strong among them. The findings of this study suggest that CR-WSPs can be an important metric tool to assess climate resilience and guide policymakers in low- and middle-income countries.
Revealing New Prospects: Antipsychotic Drugs Induces Anti-tumor Effects against Gastric Cancer through Inducing Apoptosis
Authors: Amjadi Omolbanin , Hedayatizadeh-Omran Akbar , Zaboli Ehsan , Janbabaei Ghasem , Lira Sergio A , Ahangari Ghasem 
Published: July 2024

Background and Objective:
Globally, Gastric Cancer (GC) ranks as the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths. GC is a multifaceted malignancy with diverse etiologies; how-ever, understanding the shared molecular mechanisms can aid in discovering novel targeted therapies for GC. This study has employed a drug repositioning approach to explore new drug candidates for treating GC.

Methods:
The human GC cell lines AGS, MKN-45, and KATO-III were treated with different concentrations of dopamine, cabergoline, thioridazine, and entacapone to determine effective doses and IC50 values. In vitro, cytotoxic activity on cancer cell lines was screened based on dose/time using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) as-say. Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the mRNA expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) in each group. The percentage of apoptotic cells was evaluated using Annexin V/PI staining.

Results:
Dopamine, cabergoline, thioridazine, and entacapone elicited cytotoxic effects on AGS and KATO-III cells in a dose-dependent manner and elevated the percentage of Annexin V-positive cells, suggesting the occurrence of apoptosis. The expression of Bcl-2 and PCNA was significantly decreased, whereas the expression of Bax was considerably increased in the AGS and KATO-III cells compared to that in the blank group (p < 0.05); however, no similar effect was observed in MKN-45 cells.

Conclusion:
Through in vitro experiments, this study provides evidence that the antipsychotic drugs cabergoline, dopamine, thioridazine, and entacapone can inhibit gastric cancer growth in AGS and KATO-III cells. These findings suggest that these drugs could be repurposed as novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of gastric cancer.
The General Neurocognitive Decline in Patients with Methamphetamine Use and Transient Methamphetamine-induced Psychosis is Primarily Determined by Oxidative and AGE-RAGE Stress
Authors: Maes Michael , Altufaili Mazin Fadhil , Alhaideri Amer Fadhil , Moustafa Shatha Rouf , Stoyanova Kristina , Niu Mengqi , Zhou Bo , Li Jing , Al-Hakeim Hussein Kadhem 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Chronic Methamphetamine (MA) usage is linked to oxidative and AGE
(advanced glycation end products) - RAGE (receptors for AGEs) stress, changes in magnesium,
calcium, and copper, increased psychotic symptoms, and neurocognitive deficits. Nevertheless, it
is still unclear whether these biological pathways mediate the latter impairments.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the relationships between neurocognition, the aforementioned
biomarkers, and psychotic symptoms.

Methods:
We recruited 67 participants, namely 40 patients diagnosed with MA-substance use and
27 healthy controls, and assessed the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS),
symptoms of psychosis, excitation, and formal thought disorders, oxidative toxicity (computed as
the sum of myeloperoxidase (MPO), oxidized high-density lipoprotein (HDL), oxidized low-DL,
and malondialdehyde), antioxidant defenses (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity,
zinc, and HDL), and increased AGEs and RAGEs.

Results:
We were able to extract one validated latent vector from the Mini-Mental State Examination
score and the BACS test results (including executive functions, verbal fluency, and attention),
labeled general cognitive decline (G-CoDe). We found that 76.1% of the variance in the G-CoDe
was explained by increased oxidative toxicity, lowered antioxidant defenses, number of psychotic
episodes, and MA dose. In patients with MA use, MPO was significantly associated with the GCoDe.

Conclusion:
The use of MA induced mild cognitive impairments through MA-induced activation
of detrimental outcome pathways, including oxidative and AGE-RAGE stress, and suppression of
protective antioxidant pathways. Increased MPO, oxidative, and AGE-RAGE stress are new drug
targets to prevent neurocognitive deficits and psychosis due to MA use.
In silico Investigation on the Structural Insights into the Binding of Squalamine Inhibitor with Membrane-bound Α-Synuclein
Authors: Das Dorothy , Bharadwaz Priyam , Mattaparthi Venkata Satish Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Parkinson's disease (PD) and its associated symptoms are closely associated
with the self-assembly of α-Synuclein (α-Syn). Squalamine is a naturally occurring chemical
substance with established antiviral and anticancer properties, and its profound impact on the α-
Syn aggregation both in vivo and in vitro is well studied. Examining its interaction with lipid vesicles,
which are known to encourage nucleation, can signify the mechanism of action of
squalamine. The squalamine molecule is believed to displace α-Syn from the surfaces of the lipid
vesicles, therefore preventing the initial steps in the process of aggregation. Additionally, the
squalamine molecule reduces the harmful effects of α-Syn oligomers in human neuroblastoma
cells by preventing them from interacting with lipid membranes.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to perform computational investigation of the conformational
changes of membrane-bound α-Syn in the presence of squalamine inhibitor molecule

Method:
Molecular Dynamics (MD) trajectory analysis was carried out to study the structural
change of the α-Syn-squalamine conformers as a function of simulation time. The percentage of
the secondary structural components of the α-Syn-squalamine complex was determined. Optimization
of small molecule inhibitors was carried out using Density Functional Theory (DFT) analysis.
Additionally, the values of electrophilicity (ω), nucleophilicity (N), Electron affinity (EA), and
ionization potential (IP) were calculated.

Results:
The docking of the α-Syn-squalamine complex revealed the binding site and the best
structure was selected based on the highest docking vina score (-5.8), and the contact residues
were listed. From the conformational snapshots of the α-Syn-squalamine complex, it was evident
that the α-Syn remained stable, maintaining its integrity throughout the simulation. The α-helical
content was found to be retained from the secondary structural content analysis. The ω and N of
the squalamine molecule were calculated to be -0.84 and 3.25, respectively.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that in the presence of a squalamine inhibitor molecule, α-Syn
adopts a helical conformation that ensures stability and may indicate that the squalamine molecule
causes gradual displacement of α-Syn across different regions within the lipid membrane.
Volatilome: A Novel Tool for Risk Scoring in Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Marzoog Basheer Abdullah 
Published: July 2024

:
Developing a novel risk score for accurate assessment of cardiovascular disease
(CVD) morbidity and mortality is an urgent need in terms of early prevention and diagnosis and,
thereafter, management, particularly of ischemic heart disease. The currently used scores for the
evaluation of cardiovascular disease based on the classical risk factors suffer from severe limitations,
including inaccurate predictive values. Therefore, we suggest adding a novel non-classical
risk factor, including the level of specific exhaled volatile organic compounds that are associated
with ischemic heart disease, to the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP algorithms. Adding these nonclassical
risk factors can be used together with the classical risk factors (gender, smoking, total
cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, diabetes
mellitus, arterial hypertension, ethnicity, etc.) to develop a new algorithm and further program to
be used widely.
Quantitative Study on the Electrothermal Properties of Carbon Nanotube Film and its Out-of-Autoclave-Manufactured Glass Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy-Resin Composites
Authors: Wu Shaojun , Xu Xianglai 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Carbon nanotube films are utilized in various fields, particularly electric
heating, owing to their exceptional thermal and electrical properties. However, quantitative
research on the electrothermal characteristics of carbon nanotube film is insufficient, and glass
fiber-reinforced epoxy-resin composites prepared through the electrothermal method of carbon
nanotube films (i.e., the out-of-autoclave technique) have not yet been reported.

Material and Methods:
Herein, according to a mathematical model and experimental demonstration,
a quantitative relationship, T = T0 + (t/L2)·(V2σ)·(1/αw), was proposed to explain the
electrothermal properties of carbon nanotube films. Glass fiber-reinforced composites with an
outstanding tensile strength of 535.6 MPa and an elongation-at-break of 1.6% were prepared
through the out-of-autoclave technique using the designed carbon nanotube film.

Results:
The composites outperformed previous mechanical composites in terms of energy consumption.
Experimental investigations and molecular simulations revealed the mechanical
mechanisms of the composites.

Conclusion:
These findings quantitatively revealed the electrothermal properties of carbon
nanotube films, advancing their application in the out-of-autoclave manufacturing of highperformance
resin-matrix composites.