bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multicenter Phase II Study of a New Effective S-1 and Irinotecan Combination Schedule in Patients with Unresectable Metastatic or Recurrent Colorectal Cancer
Authors:   Kurume Surgical and Clinical Oncology Group, Ogata Yutaka , Tanaka Takaho , Akagi Yoshito , Ishibashi Nobuya , Tsuji Yoshiaki , Matono Keiko , Isobe Makoto , Sueyoshi Susumu , Kaibara Atsushi , Shirouzu Kazuo 
Published: February 2013

Introduction This multicenter phase II study determined the efficacy and safety of new daily oral S-1 and weekly irinotecan (CPT-11) combination schedule in patients with previously untreated advanced or recurrent colorectal cancer. Patients and Methods Patients received first-line chemotherapy comprising S-1 80 mg/m2/day given on days 3 to 7, 10 to 14, and 17 to 21 and 60 mg/m2 CPT-11 administered intravenously on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Results A total of 45 eligible patients were enrolled in this study. The overall response rate was 48.9%. Median progression-free survival and median overall survival was 8.1 months and 20.9 months, respectively. The rates of grade 3 or 4 toxicity were as follows: neutropenia, 8.9%; anemia, 4.4%; anorexia, 6.7%; and diarrhea, 6.7%. Conclusions This new S-1 and irinotecan combination schedule appeared to be an effective, well-tolerated, and convenient regimen in patients with advanced colorectal cancer as compared with conventional regimens such as FOLFIRI and IRIS.
Nearly Countable Dense Homogeneous Spaces
Authors: Hrušák Michael , van Mill Jan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe study separable metric spaces with few types of countable dense sets. We present a structure theorem for locally compact spaces having precisely n types of countable dense sets: such a space contains a subset S of size at most n−1 such that S is invariant under all homeomorphisms of X and X ∖ S is countable dense homogeneous. We prove that every Borel space having fewer than c types of countable dense sets is Polish. The natural question of whether every Polish space has either countably many or c many types of countable dense sets is shown to be closely related to Topological Vaught's Conjecture.
Dieting and Encouragement to Diet by Significant Others: Associations with Disordered Eating in Young Adults
Authors: Eisenberg Marla E. , Berge Jerica M. , Neumark-Sztainer Dianne 
Published: February 2013

Purpose. Examine the role of perceived significant other's modeling or encouragement of dieting in young adults' disordered eating behaviors. Design. Online survey data were collected (2008–2009) as part of an ongoing study examining weight and related issues in young people. Setting. Participants were originally recruited as students at middle and high schools in Minnesota (1998–1999). Subjects. One thousand two hundred ninety-four young adults (mean age 25.3, 55% female, 50% white) with significant others. Measures. Participants were asked if their significant other diets or encourages them to diet. Behaviors included unhealthy weight control, extreme weight control, and binge eating. Analysis. General linear models estimated the predicted probability of using each behavior across levels of significant other's dieting or encouraging dieting, stratifying by gender, and adjusting for demographics and body mass index. Results. Perceived dieting and encouragement to diet by significant others were common. Disordered eating behaviors were positively associated with significant other's dieting and encouragement to diet, particularly for females. In models including both perceived dieting and encouragement, encouragement remained significantly associated with disordered eating. For example, women's binge eating was almost doubled if their significant other encouraged dieting “very much” (25.5%) compared to “not at all” (13.6%, p = .015). Conclusion. There is a strong association between disordered eating behaviors and perceived modeling and encouragement to diet by significant others in young adulthood.
Selection of Alloys For Refinery Processing Equipment
Authors: FREEDMAN A. J. , TISINAI G. F. , TROSCINSKI E. S. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Discusses variables in a refinery which affect selection of alloy materials to be used in construction of units. Gives examples of failures caused by lack of evaluation of alloys in new processes before fabrication of units. Presents reasons a laboratory and pilot plant corrosion testing program should be established and information on effects of temperature, concentration ^ and time that should be obtained from this program. Also discusses metallurgical considerations which should be made in selection of alloys: weld metal structure, grain boundary precipitation effects in stainless steels and in other alloys, problems in clad vessels, stress corrosion cracking in alloys and effects of hydrogen on alloys. Emphasizes the need to maintain effective records of tests, chemical composition and heat treatment history of each specimen. Briefly discusses need to continue alloy evaluation by corrosion monitoring in process equipment. 6.5
Acidproof Floor Construction With Membrane and Brick
Authors:   A Report of NACE Technical Unit Committee T-6K on Corrosion Resistant Construction With Masonry and Allied Materials,   A Report of NACE Technical Unit Committee T-6K on Corrosion Resistant Construction With Masonry and Allied Materials
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Deals with acidproof floor construction involving a chemical resistant masonry type facing joined with a chemically resistant cement mortar applied over an impervious membrane on a suitable subfloor. Discusses factors determining the type floor construction required. Presents the steps in applying the brick construction including cleaning, priming, membrane coating and brick placement. 8.1.2
Testing of Coal Tar Coatings (4) – Surface Preparation And Atmospheric Exposure
Authors: FAIR W. F. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Discusses necessity of specifying non-bituminous inhibitory pigmented primers for all applications of coal tar protective coating-systems. Describes tests in which selected primers and coal tar coatings were applied to coke plant areas subject to high atmospheric corrosivity. All systems applied to wire-brushed surfaces, primed or unprimed, failed within one year. The same systems on sandblasted surfaces, with and without primers, are still in satisfactory condition after five years' exposure in the same environment.
Coated panels have been exposed for about four years at Ingleside, Texas, Kure Beach, N. C., and Kearny, N. J. Contrary to expectation, some coatings are weathering faster at Ingleside than at Kearny. Some non-bituminous systems which have already failed in Texas are still in satisfactory condition in New Jersey. Results to date confirm the advisability of specifying coal tar pitch emulsion as the best top coat for coal tar protective coating systems subject to atmospheric exposure. 5.4.5
Use of Alloy Additions to Prevent intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking In Aluminum Bronze
Authors: KLEMENT J. F. , MAERSCH R. E. , TULLY P. A. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The general principles of equilibrium grain boundary segregation are applied to form a theory on the possible elimination of intergranular stress corrosion cracking in alpha aluminum bronze in steam. Various possible alloy additions are discussed in relation to their atom size, solubility, and tendency to react with steam. A theoretical selection of beneficial additions is made. Actual test results on several alloys containing a variety of additions are presented, illustrating good agreement of theory and results. The effects of the additions on transgranular ammonia cracking susceptibility are also discussed. A brief history of the application of laboratory results to field testing and actual application to the product is given. 3.7.2
History and Development of Some Problems Associated with CONTRACT CHEMICAL CLEANING
Authors: Loucks Charles M. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Author believes little more attention is being paid to corrosion control in chemical cleaning operations than was common in 1957 when the first NACE committee on the subject was organized. History of chemical cleaning is reviewed, with references to the literature dealing with the use of petroleum products, potatoes and other materials. First use of acids is described and some engineers’ comments on use of acids are reported.
Following the introduction of inhibited acids for cleaning, the growth of contract cleaning is described. Some laboratory and field experience with cleaning by inhibited acid is described, and some of the corrosion and safety hazards examined.
In considering the contract cleaning of plants with acids, the author cites the difficulties faced in attempting to establish specifications for the work in advance of contract letting. He deplores the practice of letting acid cleaning on the lowest bid without a full understanding between the parties of what is to be done.
Writer suggests that the nature of the acid cleaning process is such, the potential hazards to persons and equipment so serious that industry would be advised to seek professional type services rather than let work on low bids. Some mention is made of cleaning agents other than hydrochloric acids and why contractors so far have shown little interest in them. 49 references. 5.9.2
Estimating the Cost of Corrosion In Refinery Crude Units
Authors: LANDIS N. J. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The cost of corrosion was estimated for refinery crude oil distillation units in a detailed study. This program was conceived as the first step in determining the cost of refinery corrosion on a unit throughput basis. A knowledge of the overall cost of corrosion is regarded by management as a valuable aid in assigning manpower and facilities most effectively to corrosion work. Capital, maintenance and operating costs were all considered. A significant “result of this cost study was that the actual cost of corrosion was far less than prior estimates by the industry would have predicted. Of equal importance are the methods evolved in gathering and analyzing the various types of cost data. In their general form these methods should be applicable in corrosion cost studies for all types of process units. 1.2.2
Selective Corrosion of Inconel
Authors: BAKISH R. , KERN F. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Details of a case of selective corrosion of Inconel and a tentative mechanism by which it proceeds are presented in this paper. Sheet, rod and tube samples were tested in the as-received condition by complete immersion in a fused salt bath. Tests were carried out at 800 C for tests times up to 50 days. It was found that a layer of porous sponge-like material formed on the surface. Chromium and iron were preferentially leached out of these layers. 6.3.10
A Proposed Standardized Static Laboratory Screening Test for Materials to Be Used as Inhibitors In Sour Oil and Gas Wells
Authors:   A Report of NACE Technical Unit Committee T-1K,   On Inhibitors for Oil and Gas Wells, Prepared by Task Group T-1K-1 on Sour Crude Inhibitor Evaluation
Published: February 2013

Abstract
A description is given of a static laboratory test designed to provide a simple, easily reproducible method for screening materials to be evaluated subsequently as possible inhibitors in sour oil and gas wells. Mild cold rolled steel specimens were immersed for seven days in deaerated brine containing 400-600 ppm hydrogen sulfide plus kerosene. Materials suppressing 90 percent or more of the weight loss found in the control were deemed to be suitable for further study.
2.3.4
Corrosion Behavior of High Purity Vanadium
Authors: SCHLAIN DAVID , KENAHAN CHARLES B. , ACHERMAN WALTER L. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Chemical and galvanic corrosion experiments at 35 C show that ductile vanadium is resistant to corrosion in substitute ocean water. It is also resistant in 60 percent sulfuric and 20 percent hydrochloric acids but corrodes rapidly in nitric acid solutions. Vanadium is less noble than stainless steel and copper and more noble than aluminum, magnesium and steel (SAE 4130) in substitute ocean water. 6.3.18
High-Temperature, High-Pressure Oxidation Of Alloys Caused by Carbon Dioxide
Authors: BOKROS J. C. , WALLACE W. P. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Presents data on corrosion of heat resistant alloys by high pressure carbon dioxide. Describes oxidation behavior of 26 alloys in 1000 to 2000 psi carbon dioxide in temperature range of 1100 to 1740 F. Oxidation rates of heat resistant alloys in 2000-psi carbon dioxide at 1300 and 1500 F were very low. In all cases, scales were protective. Oxidation followed a parabolic or slower rate law. At 1740 F, most alloys tested exhibited excessive scaling in 1000-psi carbon dioxide. 3.4.6
Qualification of Inconel For Nuclear Power Plant Applications
Authors: COPSON H. R. , BERRY W. E. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
In order to qualify Inconel for service art the steam generation system of pressurized water nuclear power plants, the behavior of this material was investigated with respect to resistance to corrosion, radioactivity of corrosion products, and fabrication. The present paper presents the corrosion data. Corrosion tests were conducted in simulated primary and secondary reactor waters on Inconel specimens in several conditions of heat treatment and composition. Stressed specimens, weldments, galvanic couples, and crevice specimens were included. Under all conditions a tightly adherent film formed on the specimens and the corrosion rates were comparable to those of austenitic stainless steels. The Inconel alloy does not suffer intergranular attack or stress corrosion cracking in reactor waters. 6.3.10
Sources of Underground Corrosion Potential Differences
Authors: COMPTON K. G. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Explains potential of metals in their environments and its role in galvanic corrosion. Sources of potentials discussed include polarization, stray current, dissimilar metals, differences in electrolyte and differences in structure surface. Also discusses behavior of potentials dining corrosion. Tabular data and figures given. 3.6.1
Part 3—Underwater Corrosion of Ten Structural Steels Corrosion of Metals in Tropical Environments
Authors: FORGESON B. W. , SOUTHWELL C. R. , ALEXANDER A. L 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Corrosion of ten structural steels exposed to tropical sea and fresh waters has been evaluated following an eight-year exposure period. The severity of corrosion is compared between the natural tropical environments of sea water mean tide, and sea water and fresh water continuous immersion, and correlated with similar corrosion tests that have been made on the east and west coasts of the United States. Corrosion resistance for mild carbon steel is compared when exposed with millscale, pickled, and machined surfaces. Underwater corrosion rates are compared for unalloyed carbon steel, copper-bearing steel, steels containing small percentages of nickel and chromium, and proprietary low-alloy steels. A comprehensive evaluation of the measured and observed effects of corrosion is given for the ten steels following exposure in each of the tropical environments. 2.2.7
Materials of Construction for Equipment Used With Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: BLOOM--JR RALPH , WEEKS LORNE E. , RALEIGH CHARLES W. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Materials of construction are evaluated in 90 percent by weight hydrogen peroxide. Topics discussed include factors requiring materials evaluation, test procedures, service classifications for materials, criteria for evaluating test results, results of compatibility evaluations, preparation of materials for hydrogen peroxide service, test results and service experience, design and fabrication techniques recommended for hydrogen peroxide storage and handling equipment, and problem areas encountered. Test results are reported on the following materials: pure metals, aluminum and its alloys, stainless steel, miscellaneous alloys, polyethylene and halogenated polyethylenes, PVC and copolymers, silicone rubbers, miscellaneous plastics, synthetic oils and greases, and miscellaneous materials. Data reported include compatibility tests with 90 percent hydrogen peroxide at 66 G on metals, plastics and lubricants. Compatibility of materials with 98 percent hydrogen peroxide at 66 C is included. 4.3.7
Coal Tar Creosote Studies
Authors: SWEENEY T. R. , PRICE T. R. , MILLER S. M. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Tests were made to determine the proportion of residue necessary to enable coal tar creosote to impart its maximum protection to wood. This was done by exposing a series of wooden panels impregnated with creosotes containing varying percentages of residue to marine borer attack and determining their relative degree of resistance. Pre-leached and unleached series of treated panels were used in the experiments and, for additional information, leaching rates were determined for the various compound creosotes.
It was found that all distillation fractions studied gave wood panels good resistance to marine borer attack. Resistance to Teredinidae attack was much greater than to Limnoria attack. Fractions of creosote boiling below 160 C/15 mm were relatively ineffective in preventing Teredinidae attack. Creosotes having residue contents between 15 and 50 percent appeared to be similar in effectiveness. The rate of loss of creosote from impregnated wood panels leached with flowing water at 80 C was roughly inversely proportional to the residue content of the creosote. 6.6.11
Stress Corrosion Screening Tests of Materials For Steam Generator Tubing in Nuclear Power Plants
Authors: WHITE D. E. , JOHNSON E. G. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Nuclear power plant steam generator tubing materials were tested for their susceptibility to chloride stress corrosion cracking. Stressed U-bend specimens were exposed for 24 hours in a tilting autoclave to both the liquid and vapor phases of a high pH synthetic boiler water solution containing oxygen, phosphate, and 500 ppm of chloride ion. The results indicate that AISI Type 347 stainless steel, the control material, and Carpenter 7Mo are about equally susceptible to stress corrosion cracking in this test environment. Carpenter 20Cb and Type 304 having low carbon and nitrogen content displayed improved resistance. Inconel, Monel, nickel, and titanium displayed complete resistance. Ferritic steels were crack resistant but they did suffer pitting attack. 3.5.8
Oxidation and Corrosion of Zirconium and Its Alloys
Authors: COX B. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
In contrast to the mode of breakdown in Zircaloy-2 and carbon-melted zirconium the oxide film on arc-melted zirconium corroded in steam or water at 300 C fails initially as a result of more rapid oxidation along grain boundaries. Stresses set up in the oxide film by this preferential attack along grain boundaries cause cracking of the film parallel to the grain boundaries. Subsequent failure within the grains causes the final disintegration of the oriented protective oxide and its replacement by a loose coating of unoriented ZrO2. 6.3.20
Effect of Sodium Exposure On the Mechanical Properties of Zirconium
Authors: BOKROS J. C. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
It was found that surface oxide which developed on zirconium in impure sodium significantly lowered the fatigue life at elevated temperatures. Hydrogen absorption, on the other hand, had little effect on the fatigue life at elevated temperatures but lowered the fatigue life at room temperature. Also, critical recrystallization which occurred above 950 F in zirconium (a phenomenon unrelated to the presence of sodium) reduced the fatigue life at elevated as well as low temperatures.
The effects attributable to sodium (i.e., the formation of surface oxide and absorption of reasonable amounts of hydrogen), did not significantly alter the tensile properties of zirconium at high temperatures. 6.3.20, 4.7, 3.5.8, 3.2.3
Part 2—Bare Steel Pipe Lines
Authors: WEST L H. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
A discussion is given of survey methods used for the detection of galvanic “hot spots” along bare steel pipe lines, correlation of these data with actual failures, and galvanic anode installation. Results of the survey correlated well with corrosion leak experience and with visual inspection of the pipe lines. Two case histories are reported.
3.6.6
Laboratory Investigation of Current Distribution On Brass Tube Plates and Tube Ends of Condensers Using Sea Water
Authors: ATTWOOD P. G. , RICHARDS W. G. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Static and dynamic experiments were made on brass tube plates and tube ends of condensers to determine the current distribution on them in sea water. Factors evaluated in this connection include effect of water velocity, effect of coatings, effect of temperature, and effect of composition of the anode and tube materials. It was found that most of the galvanic current flowing from ferrous components (or a steel anode) to a non-ferrous condenser tube sheet flowed to the tubes with only a small proportion going to the tube plate. A zinc alloy anode provided a much higher current than a steel anode to both an Admiralty brass tube and an aluminum brass tube.
7.4.2, 3.6.6, 4.6.11, 5.2.1
Corrosion-Erosion of Sensitized AISI Type 304 Stainless Steel In a Thorium Dioxide-Uranium Trioxide Slurry
Authors: VREELAND D. C. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Corrosion test loops were employed in evaluating the corrosion-erosion of sensitized AISI Type 304 stainless steel in a thorium dioxide-uranium trioxide slurry. It was found that sensitized, non-pickled Type 304 stainless steel was not attacked intergranularly and exhibited about the same corrosion rate as as-received Type 304. Type 304 stainless steel, sensitized and pickled, was attacked at appreciably higher rates than as-received Type 304 or than sensitized, non-pickled Type 304: however, when a layer of metal which had been corroded intergranularly by the pickling solution was removed by the action of the slurry, the attack by the slurry diminished.
6.2.5, 8.4.5, 4.3.3, 3.2.2, 3.5.3
Effect of Nitrogen Tetroxide On Metals and Plastics
Authors: ALLEY C. W. , HAYFORD A. W. , SCOTT H. F. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The corrosion rates of carbon steel, stain-less steel (304-L and PH 15-7 Mo), aluminum (5086), and titanium (75A and 6Al 4V) in dry and wet nitrogen tetroxide were determined under static conditions of exposure at —9 G to 74 C. Carbon steel and aluminum were attacked in proportion to water concentration and temperature. Stainless steel 304-L and titanium were un-attacked, and PH 15–7 Mo only slightly attacked. Significant corrosion of stainless steel (304-L) occurred in the presence of Teflon. Corrosion by dry nitrogen tetroxide under flow conditions was negligible. Teflon was the most resistant of the plastics exposed to nitrogen tetroxide. 4.3.3
Stress Corrosion Cracking of Admiralty Exchanger Tubes In Reformer Service
Authors: WALSTON K. R. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Stress corrosion cracking occurred unexpectedly on admiralty exchanger tubes removed from a reactor effluent cooler on a platinum reforming unit. It was found that ammonium chloride was present and that ammonia was liberated when this liquid came in contact with brass. Strong ammonia concentrations gathered during downtime, causing the ensuing stress corrosion cracking. A contributing factor was the lack of offsetting inhibition resulting from an abnormally low sulfur content in the stream. Water washing of all bundles in similar service was recommended as a countermeasure to prevent this type of stress corrosion cracking. 3.5.8, 8.4.3, 6.3.6