bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chaetal loss and replacement in Pseudopotamilla reniformis (Sabellida, Annelida)
Authors: Kolbasova Glafira D. , Tzetlin Alexander B. , Kupriyanova Elena K. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractChaetae are continually being replaced during the life of a polychaete, but the process of chaetal degeneration during replacement is still poorly known. Chaetal loss occurs either one at a time through special degenerative sites, or all chaetae in a chaetal sac are lost simultaneously in the absence of degenerative sites. Old chaetae can be either resorbed inside the coelom or shed. This study describes chaetal degradation, loss, and subsequent replacement during experimentally induced regeneration in the sabellid polychaete Pseudopotamilla reniformis. During post‐traumatic regeneration in P. reniformis, abdominal‐type chaetae fall from the chaetal sac simultaneously without degenerative sites, and are replaced by thoracic‐type chaetae. Chaetal sac degradation occurs in three main stages: (1) formation of numerous lysosomes and small electron‐transparent vesicles in follicle cell cytoplasm; (2) disintegration of follicular cell membranes; and (3) disintegration of follicular cell cytoplasm. Description of changes during parapodial transformation allows identification of signs of degradation that can serve as histological indicators of chaetal degeneration in a wide range of polychaetes. Our study suggests that chaetal degeneration and loss in polychaetes can occur either with degenerative sites or without them, depending on the type of chaetal replacement.
Value of incisional negative pressure wound therapy in orthopaedic surgery
Authors: Brem Matthias H , Bail Hermann J , Biber Roland 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSoft tissue and wound treatment after orthopaedic interventions (especially after trauma) is still an enormously challenging situation for every surgeon. Since development of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), new indications have been consistently added to the original field of application. Recently, NPWT has been applied directly over high‐risk closed surgical incisions. Review of the literature indicates that this therapy has shown positive effects on incisions after total ankle replacement or calcaneal fractures, preventing haematoma and wound dehiscence. In those cases reduced swelling, decreased pain and healing time of the wound were seen. Additionally, NPWT applied on incisions after acetabular fractures showed a decreased rate of infection and wound healing problems compared with published infection rates. Even after total hip arthroplasty, incisional NPWT reduced incidence of postoperative seroma and improved wound healing. In patients with tibial plateau, pilon or calcaneus fractures requiring surgical stabilisation after blunt trauma, reduced risk of developing acute and chronic wound dehiscence and infection was observed when using incisional NPWT. To conclude, incisional NPWT can help to reduce risk of delayed wound healing and infection after severe trauma and orthopaedic interventions.
Clinical Experience of Combined HeartWare Ventricular Assist Device and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Therapy
Authors: PECHA SIMON , WILKE IRIS , BERNHARDT ALEXANDER , HAKMI SAMER , YILDIRIM YALIN , STEVEN DANIEL , REICHENSPURNER HERMANN , WILLEMS STEPHAN , DEUSE TOBIAS , AYDIN ALI 
Published: May 2014

HeartWare Ventricular Assist Device and Implantable Cardioverter DefibrillatorIntroductionThe HeartWare continuous flow ventricular assist device (HVAD) is used in an increasing number of heart failure patients. In those patients, ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) are common and, consequently, many patients already have an implanted implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) in place or receive ICD implantation after left ventricular assist device implantation. However, limited data on feasibility and necessity of combined ICD and HVAD therapy are available. In this study we present our technical and clinical experience.Methods and ResultsBetween 01/2010 and 06/2013, 41 patients received HVAD implantation. Twenty‐six HVAD patients who already had an ICD device placed prior to HVAD implantation or received ICD implantation afterwards were enrolled in this study. Peri‐ and postoperative complications as well as ICD interrogations were documented and analyzed retrospectively.Mean patients age was 58.4 ± 12.6 years; 88.5% of patients were male. During mean follow‐up of 12.2 ± 8.9 months, appropriate ICD interventions occurred in 9 patients (34.6%) due to ventricular tachyarrhythmia (n = 7) or ventricular fibrillation (n = 2). An inappropriate ICD intervention was seen in 1 patient (3.9%) due to tachycardic atrial fibrillation. Patients on HVAD with a history of VAs (n = 13) had a significantly higher incidence of ICD interventions compared to patients with primary prophylactic indication for ICD (n = 13; 53.8% vs. 7.7%; P = 0.015). No disturbance of ICD function was seen after HVAD implantation.ConclusionCombined ICD and HVAD therapy was safe and feasible, without electromagnetic interference between ICD and ventricular assist device. The incidence of ICD interventions was high in patients with a history of VAs, but low in patients with ICD implantation for primary prevention.
Traditional food patterns are associated with better diet quality and improved dietary adequacy in Aboriginal peoples in the Northwest Territories, Canada
Authors: Sheehy T. , Kolahdooz F. , Schaefer S. E. , Douglas D. N. , Corriveau A. , Sharma S. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundTraditionally, the Arctic diet has been derived entirely from locally harvested animal and plant species; however, in recent decades, imported foods purchased from grocery stores have become widely available. The present study aimed to examine Inuvialuit, traditional or nontraditional dietary patterns; nutrient density of the diet; dietary adequacy; and main food sources of energy and selected nutrient intakes.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study used a culturally appropriate quantitative food frequency questionnaire to assess diet. Traditional and nontraditional eaters were classified as those consuming more or less than 300 g of traditional food daily. Nutrient densities per 4184 kJ (1000 kcal) were determined. Dietary adequacy was determined by comparing participants' nutrient intakes with the Dietary Reference Intakes.ResultsThe diet of nontraditional eaters contained, on average, a lower density of protein, niacin, vitamin B12, iron, selenium, zinc, omega‐3 fatty acids (P ≤ 0.0001), vitamin B6, potassium, thiamin, pantothenic acid (P ≤ 0.001), riboflavin and magnesium (P ≤ 0.05). Inadequate nutrient intake was more common among nontraditional eaters for calcium, folate, vitamin C, zinc, thiamin, pantothenic acid, vitamin K, magnesium, potassium and sodium. Non‐nutrient‐dense foods (i.e. high fat and high sugar foods) contributed to energy intake in both groups, more so among nontraditional eaters (45% versus 33%). Traditional foods accounted for 3.3% and 20.7% of total energy intake among nontraditional and traditional eaters, respectively.ConclusionsDiet quality and dietary adequacy were better among Inuvialuit who consumed more traditional foods. The promotion of traditional foods should be incorporated in dietary interventions for this population.
Involvement of C2H2 zinc finger proteins in the regulation of epidermal cell fate determination in Arabidopsis
Authors: Yan An , Wu Minjie , Zhao Yongqin , Zhang Aidong , Liu Bohan , Schiefelbein John , Gan Yinbo 
Published: May 2014

AbstractCell fate determination is a basic developmental process during the growth of multicellular organisms. Trichomes and root hairs of Arabidopsis are both readily accessible structures originating from the epidermal cells of the aerial tissues and roots respectively, and they serve as excellent models for understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling cell fate determination and cell morphogenesis. The regulation of trichome and root hair formation is a complex program that consists of the integration of hormonal signals with a large number of transcriptional factors, including MYB and bHLH transcriptional factors. Studies during recent years have uncovered an important role of C2H2 type zinc finger proteins in the regulation of epidermal cell fate determination. Here in this minireview we briefly summarize the involvement of C2H2 zinc finger proteins in the control of trichome and root hair formation in Arabidopsis.
Increased beta 2 defensin in recurrent aphthous ulcer
Authors: Al‐Samadi A , Salem A , Ainola M , Hietanen J , Häyrinen‐Immonen R , Konttinen YT 
Published: May 2014

ObjectivesIt was hypothesized that beta 2 defensin (BD‐2) is increased in RAU lesions compared with healthy controls to promote anti‐microbial host defence.MethodsRAU and control mucosa samples were subjected to quantitative real‐time PCR and immunostained for BD‐2, CD68, mast cell tryptase and 4‐hydroxynonenal (4HNE). The effect of tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) ± interleukin‐17C (IL‐17C), without and with vitamin K3, was studied on BD‐2 expression in epithelial SCC‐25 cells.ResultsAlthough BD‐2 mRNA did not differ between healthy and RAU mucosa, BD‐2 stained strongly in acute‐phase RAU epithelium (P = 0.001). In controls, subepithelial BD‐2+ cells were mast cells and macrophages, whereas in RAU, most infiltrating leucocytes were BD‐2+ (P = 0.004). In cell culture, BD‐2 was increased 124‐fold by TNF‐α (P < 0.0001) and 208‐fold synergistically together with IL‐17C (P < 0.0001). 4HNE staining of RAU epithelium was not significantly increased, and vitamin K3‐induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) did not affect BD‐2.ConclusionsAnti‐microbial BD‐2 was not affected by oxidative stress but was highly increased in the epithelial and immigrant cells in the acute‐phase RAU lesions, probably in part synergistically by TNF‐α and epithelial IL‐17C, which are known to be induced by activation of danger‐signal receptors by pathogen‐ and/or damage‐associated molecular patterns.
Taximin, a conserved plant‐specific peptide is involved in the modulation of plant‐specialized metabolism
Authors: Onrubia Miriam , Pollier Jacob , Vanden Bossche Robin , Goethals Marc , Gevaert Kris , Moyano Elisabet , Vidal‐Limon Heriberto , Cusidó Rosa M. , Palazón Javier , Goossens Alain 
Published: May 2014

SummarySmall peptides play important roles in the signalling cascades that steer plant growth, development and defence, and often crosstalk with hormonal signalling. Thereby, they also modulate metabolism, including the production of bioactive molecules that are of high interest for human applications. Yew species (Taxus spp.) produce diterpenes such as the powerful anticancer agent paclitaxel, the biosynthesis of which can be stimulated by the hormone jasmonate, both in whole plants and cell suspension cultures. Here, we identified Taximin, as a gene encoding a hitherto unreported, plant‐specific, small, cysteine‐rich signalling peptide, through a transcriptome survey of jasmonate‐elicited T. baccata suspension cells grown in two‐media cultures. Taximin expression increased in a coordinated manner with that of paclitaxel biosynthesis genes. Tagged Taximin peptides were shown to enter the secretory system and localize to the plasma membrane. In agreement with this, the exogenous application of synthetic Taximin peptide variants could transiently modulate the biosynthesis of taxanes in T. baccata cell suspension cultures. Importantly, the Taximin peptide is widely conserved in the higher plant kingdom with a high degree of sequence conservation. Accordingly, Taximin overexpression could stimulate the production of nicotinic alkaloids in Nicotiana tabacum hairy root cultures in a synergistic manner with jasmonates. In contrast, no pronounced effects of Taximin overexpression on the specialized metabolism in Medicago truncatula roots were observed. This study increases our understanding of the regulation of Taxus diterpene biosynthesis in particular and plant metabolism in general. Ultimately, Taximin might increase the practical potential of metabolic engineering of medicinal plants.
Effects of the expansion of doctors’ offices adjacent to private pharmacies in Mexico: secondary data analysis of a national survey
Authors: Pérez-Cuevas Ricardo , Doubova Svetlana V , Wirtz Veronika J , Servan-Mori Edson , Dreser Anahí , Hernández-Ávila Mauricio 
Published: May 2014

ObjectivesTo compare the sociodemographic characteristics, reasons for attending, perception of quality and associated out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures of doctors’ offices adjacent to private pharmacies (DAPPs) users with users of Social Security (SS), Ministry of Health (MoH), private doctor's offices independent from pharmacies and non-users.SettingSecondary data analysis of the 2012 National Survey of Health and Nutrition of Mexico.ParticipantsThe study population comprised 25 852 individuals identified as having had a health problem 15 days before the survey, and a random sample of 12 799 ambulatory health service users.Outcome measuresSociodemographic characteristics, reasons for attending healthcare services, perception of quality and associated OOP expenditures.ResultsThe distribution of users was as follows: DAPPs (9.2%), SS (16.1%), MoH (20.9%), private providers (15.4%) and non-users (38.5%); 65% of DAPP users were affiliated with a public institution (MoH 35%, SS 30%) and 35% reported not having health coverage. DAPP users considered the services inexpensive, convenient and with a short waiting time, yet they received ≥3 medications more often (67.2%, 95% CI 64.2% to 70.1%) than users of private doctors (55.7%, 95% CI 52.5% to 58.6%) and public institutions (SS 53.8%, 95% CI 51.6% to 55.9%; MoH 44.7%, 95% CI 42.5% to 47.0%). The probability of spending on consultations (88%, 95% CI 86% to 89%) and on medicines (97%, 95% CI 96% to 98%) was much higher for DAPP users when compared with SS (2%, 95% CI 2% to 3% and 12%, 95% CI 11% to 14%, respectively) and MoH users (11%, 95% CI 9% to 12% and 32%, 95% CI 30% to 34%, respectively).ConclusionsDAPPs counteract current financial protection policies since a significant percentage of their users were affiliated with a public institution, reported higher OOP spending and higher number of medicines prescribed than users of other providers. The overprescription should prompt studies to learn about DAPPs’ quality of care, which may arise from the conflict of interest implicit in the linkage of prescribing and dispensing processes.
The Palaeogene Bracken Bay–Straiton dyke: composition and controls on intrusion
Authors: MacDonald R. , Bagiński B. , MacInnes D. A. , MacGillivray J. C. , Fettes D. J. 
Published: May 2014

Synopsis
The Bracken Bay–Straiton dyke, a member of the Palaeogene Mull dyke swarm, is one of the Solitary dykes of southern Scotland and northern England recognized by Geikie (1897). It shows a remarkable (unique?) change of strike direction, deviating from the regional NW–SE trend to propagate along the Southern Upland Fault for 16 km before apparently resuming its southeasterly course in the Southern Uplands. The dyke is a clinopyroxene–plagioclase–phyric quartz tholeiite, showing little petrographic variation along strike. However, geochemical data indicate that the dyke segment south of the Southern Upland Fault is not comagmatic with the main dyke; it is here distinguished as the Kello Water dyke. The reason for the dyke’s deviation at the fault is uncertain but may be related to a significant role for crustal heterogeneities, particularly Caledonian fractures which had earlier been utilized by the Late Carboniferous quartz dolerite dyke swarm.

Supplementary material:

Electron microprobe analysis data are available at
http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18737
.
Mechanisms of Resistance to Intermittent Androgen Deprivation in Patients with Prostate Cancer Identified by a Novel Computational Method
Authors: Morken Jason D. , Packer Aaron , Everett Rebecca A. , Nagy John D. , Kuang Yang 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
For progressive prostate cancer, intermittent androgen deprivation (IAD) is one of the most common and effective treatments. Although this treatment is usually initially effective at regressing tumors, most patients eventually develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), for which there is no effective treatment and is generally fatal. Although several biologic mechanisms leading to CRPC development and their relative frequencies have been identified, it is difficult to determine which mechanisms of resistance are developing in a given patient. Personalized therapy that identifies and targets specific mechanisms of resistance developing in individual patients is likely one of the most promising methods of future cancer therapy. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a biomarker for monitoring tumor progression. We incorporated a cell death rate (CDR) function into a previous dynamical PSA model that was highly accurate at fitting clinical PSA data for 7 patients. The mechanism of action of IAD is largely induction of apoptosis, and each mechanism of resistance varies in its CDR dynamics. Thus, we analyze the CDR levels and their time-dependent oscillations to identify mechanisms of resistance to IAD developing in individual patients. Cancer Res; 74(14); 3673–83. ©2014 AACR.
Mitochondrial Retrograde Signaling Mediated by UCP2 Inhibits Cancer Cell Proliferation and Tumorigenesis
Authors: Esteves Pauline , Pecqueur Claire , Ransy Céline , Esnous Catherine , Lenoir Véronique , Bouillaud Frédéric , Bulteau Anne-Laure , Lombès Anne , Prip-Buus Carina , Ricquier Daniel , Alves-Guerra Marie-Clotilde 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Cancer cells tilt their energy production away from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) toward glycolysis during malignant progression, even when aerobic metabolism is available. Reversing this phenomenon, known as the Warburg effect, may offer a generalized anticancer strategy. In this study, we show that overexpression of the mitochondrial membrane transport protein UCP2 in cancer cells is sufficient to restore a balance toward oxidative phosphorylation and to repress malignant phenotypes. Altered expression of glycolytic and oxidative enzymes mediated the effects of this metabolic shift. Notably, UCP2 overexpression increased signaling from the master energy-regulating kinase, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, while downregulating expression of hypoxia-induced factor. In support of recent new evidence about UCP2 function, we found that UCP2 did not function in this setting as a membrane potential uncoupling protein, but instead acted to control routing of mitochondria substrates. Taken together, our results define a strategy to reorient mitochondrial function in cancer cells toward OXPHOS that restricts their malignant phenotype. Cancer Res; 74(14); 3971–82. ©2014 AACR.
Functional Assembly of Kv7.1/Kv7.5 Channels With Emerging Properties on Vascular Muscle Physiology
Authors: Oliveras Anna , Roura-Ferrer Meritxell , Solé Laura , de la Cruz Alicia , Prieto Angela , Etxebarria Ainhoa , Manils Joan , Morales-Cano Daniel , Condom Enric , Soler Concepció , Cogolludo Angel , Valenzuela Carmen , Villarroel Alvaro , Comes Núria , Felipe Antonio 
Published: May 2014

Objective—

Voltage-dependent K
+
(Kv) channels from the Kv7 family are expressed in blood vessels and contribute to cardiovascular physiology. Although Kv7 channel blockers trigger muscle contractions, Kv7 activators act as vasorelaxants. Kv7.1 and Kv7.5 are expressed in many vessels. Kv7.1 is under intense investigation because Kv7.1 blockers fail to modulate smooth muscle reactivity. In this study, we analyzed whether Kv7.1 and Kv7.5 may form functional heterotetrameric channels increasing the channel diversity in vascular smooth muscles.

Approach and Results—
Kv7.1 and Kv7.5 currents elicited in arterial myocytes, oocyte, and mammalian expression systems suggest the formation of heterotetrameric complexes. Kv7.1/Kv7.5 heteromers, exhibiting different pharmacological characteristics, participate in the arterial tone. Kv7.1/Kv7.5 associations were confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching experiments. Kv7.1/Kv7.5 heterotetramers were highly retained at the endoplasmic reticulum. Studies in HEK-293 cells, heart, brain, and smooth and skeletal muscles demonstrated that the predominant presence of Kv7.5 stimulates release of Kv7.1/Kv7.5 oligomers out of lipid raft microdomains. Electrophysiological studies supported that KCNE1 and KCNE3 regulatory subunits further increased the channel diversity. Finally, the analysis of rat isolated myocytes and human blood vessels demonstrated that Kv7.1 and Kv7.5 exhibited a differential expression, which may lead to channel diversity.

Conclusions—
Kv7.1 and Kv7.5 form heterotetrameric channels increasing the diversity of structures which fine-tune blood vessel reactivity. Because the lipid raft localization of ion channels is crucial for cardiovascular physiology, Kv7.1/Kv7.5 heteromers provide efficient spatial and temporal regulation of smooth muscle function. Our results shed light on the debate about the contribution of Kv7 channels to vasoconstriction and hypertension.
Phylloquinone Concentrations and the Risk of Vascular Calcification in Healthy Women
Authors: Dalmeijer Geertje W. , van der Schouw Yvonne T. , Booth Sarah L. , de Jong Pim A. , Beulens Joline W.J. 
Published: May 2014

Objective—
To investigate the association of plasma phylloquinone concentrations with coronary artery calcification (CAC) and vascular calcification.

Approach and results—

In a prospective cohort of 508 postmenopausal women, plasma phylloquinone concentrations were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Calcification was measured in the coronary arteries, aortic valve, mitral valve, and thoracic aorta by multidetector computed tomography. To combine these calcification scores, we dichotomized each of the 4 areas into present or absent. Because of the continuous measurement of CAC, we categorized this as calcification present if Agatston score was >0, and calcification score was calculated as the sum of the calcified areas. Multivariate-adjusted prevalence ratios and odds ratios were estimated using Poisson regression and multinomial logistic regression. After 8.5 years of follow-up, 22% of the women had no calcification, whereas 5% had calcification in all measured areas. Detectable phylloquinone concentrations were associated with increased CAC compared with nondetectable phylloquinone concentrations with a prevalence ratio of 1.34 (95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.77). When dividing women with detectable phylloquinone concentrations into low detectable (>0–0.70 nmol/L) and moderate to high detectable (>0.70 nmol/L) phylloquinone concentrations versus nondetectable phylloquinone concentrations, both were associated with increased CAC with a prevalence ratio of 1.32 (95% confidence interval, 0.99–1.76) and 1.36 (95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.81), respectively. Detectable phylloquinone concentrations were not associated with the number of calcified areas with an odds ratio
(no versus ≥3 areas calcifications)
of 1.60 (95% confidence interval, 0.65–3.99;
P
=0.31).

Conclusions—
Detectable phylloquinone concentrations are not associated with reduced vascular calcification but seemed to be associated with an increased prevalence of CAC.