bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A High‐Frequency‐Link Secondary‐Side Phase‐Shifted ZVS‐PWM DC–DC Converter with ZCS Active Rectifier
Authors: Mishima Tomokazu , Nakaoka Mutsuo 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARYPerformance evaluations of a secondary‐side phase shift (SPS) pulse‐width‐modulation (PWM)‐controlled zero‐voltage soft‐switching (ZVS) dc–dc converter with a zero current soft‐switching (ZCS) active rectifier are presented in this paper. In the proposed dc–dc converter, soft‐switching operations are achievable from full to null loads by utilizing the parasitic inductances of the high‐frequency (HF) transformer. In addition, no circulating current emerges in either the primary‐ or secondary‐side full‐bridge circuits, and thus the related idling power losses can be minimized. In this paper, the soft‐switching operations over the wide‐range load variations are verified, and the characteristics of output power and voltage versus phase‐shift angle regulations are demonstrated in an experiment based on a 1 kW to 50 kHz laboratory prototype of the proposed dc–dc converter. Furthermore, the converter power losses, which include the switching and conduction power losses, are analyzed, after which the effectiveness of the proposed dc–dc converter is evaluated from a practical point of view.
Movement Control of Accompanying Robot Based on Artificial Potential Field Adapted to Dynamic Environments
Authors: Nakazawa Kazushi , Takahashi Keita , Kaneko Masahide 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARYThis paper focuses on mobile robots that can accompany a person, that is, it addresses how to control the position of the robot relative to the accompanied person according to the dynamic environment. The robot is expected to move side by side with the person in a normal situation, but a position in front or behind the person might be better if there are obstacles. The shape of the artificial potential field of the accompanied person is devised to smoothly control the robot position in a unified way. The Laplace potential method is also used subsidiarily to cope with extremely cluttered environments. Simulations and experiments in real space show the usefulness of the proposed method.
Winning the victim status can open conflicting groups to reconciliation: Evidence from the Israeli‐Palestinian Conflict
Authors: SimanTov‐Nachlieli Ilanit , Shnabel Nurit , Halabi Samer 
Published: March 2015

AbstractMembers of conflicting groups often engage in ‘competitive victimhood’, that is, they are motivated to gain acknowledgment that their ingroup is the conflict's ‘true’ victim. The present study found that compared with a control group, Israeli Jews and Palestinians reassured that their ingroup had won the victim status showed increased willingness to reconcile with the outgroup and held less pessimistic, fatalistic views of the conflict. Moreover, for members of the stronger party—Israeli Jews—winning the victim status also led to increased group efficacy and consequent readiness to take action toward resolution. These findings extend previous theorizing about the positive effects of addressing group members' need for acknowledgement of their victimization. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Voltammetric Behavior of Testosterone on Bismuth Film Electrode: Highly Sensitive Determination in Pharmaceuticals and Human Urine by Square‐Wave Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry
Authors: Levent Abdulkadir , Altun Ahmet , Taş Süleyman , Yardım Yavuz , Şentürk Zühre 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this paper, an electrochemical application of bismuth‐film electrode (BiFE) fabricated via ex‐situ electrodeposition onto a glassy carbon electrode for testosterone determination was investigated in aqueous and aqueous/surfactant solutions. In cyclic voltammetry, the compound showed one irreversible and adsorption‐controlled reduction peak. The BiFE revealed good linear response in the examined concentration range of 1 to 45 nmol L−1 testosterone in BrittonRobinson buffer, pH 5.0 containing 3 mmol L−1 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. The limit of detection was 0.3 nmol L−1 (0.09 ng mL−1). Finally, the BiFE was satisfactorily applied for quantitation of testosterone in both pharmaceutical (oil‐based ampoule) and biological (human urine) samples.
A Simple and Sensitive Poly‐1,5‐Diaminonaphthalene Modified Sensor for the Determination of Sulfamethoxazole in Biological Samples
Authors: Chasta Himanshu , Goyal Rajendra N. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSulfamethoxazole (SMZ), an antibacterial sulfonamide drug, has been selectively determined using poly‐1,5‐diaminonaphthalene (p‐DAN) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The modified sensor was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). SMZ showed linear response in the concentration range of 0.5–150 µM by using square wave voltammetry (SWV) and the detection limit was found to be 0.05 nM with sensitivity of 0.085 µA µM−1. The proposed sensor has been successfully employed to determine SMZ in the pharmaceutical tablets and human urine samples.
Effects of Self‐Compassion Workbook Training on Trauma‐Related Guilt in a Sample of Homeless Veterans: A Pilot Study
Authors: Held Philip , Owens Gina P. 
Published: March 2015

ObjectiveThe present pilot study examined the effects of a 4‐week‐long self‐administered self‐compassion training on trauma‐related guilt and compared it to a stress inoculation control group.MethodA total of 47 homeless male veterans who were living in transitional housing facilities volunteered to participate in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to either a self‐compassion (N = 13) or a stress inoculation (N = 14) group and were asked to complete pre‐, mid‐, and postintervention assessments measuring changes in self‐compassion, trauma‐related guilt, and posttraumatic stress disorder severity.ResultsParticipants in both interventions reported increased levels of self‐compassion and equal reductions in trauma‐related guilt. No other significant changes were noted.ConclusionsThe results from this pilot study provide preliminary evidence for the use of self‐compassion and stress inoculation trainings as effective interventions for trauma‐related guilt. The findings also suggest that self‐administered trainings in the form of workbooks may be a viable, cost‐effective form of intervention for disadvantaged populations, such as homeless veterans in transitional housing, who may lack resources or access to professionals or paraprofessionals. The effects of both self‐compassion training and stress inoculation training on the study variables and directions for future research on self‐compassion and trauma‐related guilt are discussed.
Mimicry and Investigative Interviewing: Using Deliberate Mimicry to Elicit Information and Cues to Deceit
Authors: Shaw Dominic J. , Vrij Aldert , Leal Sharon , Mann Samantha , Hillman Jackie , Granhag Pär Anders , Fisher Ronald P. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe examined the effect of deliberate mimicry on eliciting (accurate) information and cues to deceit. Mimicry is considered to facilitate cooperation and compliance in truth tellers, whereas liars are constrained to provide detail. We therefore expected truth tellers to be more detailed than liars, particularly after being mimicked. A total of 165 participants told the truth or lied about a meeting they attended. During the interview, an interviewer mimicked half of the participants. Truth tellers were more detailed than liars, but only in the ‘mimicry present’ condition. Truth tellers also gave more accurate units of information than liars, and the difference was most pronounced in the ‘mimicry present’ condition. Mimicry as a tool for eliciting information and cues to deceit fits well with the emerging ‘interviewing to detect deception’ literature, particularly in the ‘encouraging interviewees to say more’ approach. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and characterization of 18F‐labeled active site inhibited factor VII (ASIS)
Authors: Erlandsson Maria , Nielsen Carsten H. , Jeppesen Troels E. , Kristensen Jesper B. , Petersen Lars C. , Madsen Jacob , Kjær Andreas 
Published: March 2015

Activated factor VII blocked in the active site with Phe–Phe–Arg–chloromethyl ketone (active site inhibited factor VII (ASIS)) is a 50‐kDa protein that binds with high affinity to its receptor, tissue factor (TF). TF is a transmembrane glycoprotein that plays an important role in, for example, thrombosis, metastasis, tumor growth, and tumor angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to develop an 18F‐labeled ASIS derivative to assess TF expression in tumors.Active site inhibited factor VII was labeled using N‐succinimidyl‐4‐[18F]fluorobenzoate, and the [18F]ASIS was purified on a PD‐10 desalting column. The radiochemical yield was 25 ± 6%, the radiochemical purity was >97%, and the pseudospecific radioactivity was 35 ± 9 GBq/µmol. The binding efficacy was evaluated in pull‐down experiments, which monitored the binding of unlabeled ASIS and [18F]ASIS to TF and to a specific anti‐factor VII antibody (F1A2‐mAb). No significant difference in binding efficacy between [18F]ASIS and ASIS could be detected. Furthermore, [18F]ASIS was relatively stable in vitro and in vivo in mice.In conclusion, [18F]ASIS has for the first time been successfully synthesized as a possible positron emission tomography tracer to image TF expression levels. In vivo positron emission tomography studies to evaluate the full potential of [18F]ASIS are in progress.
Control of three phase PWM rectifier using virtual flux‐based predictive direct power control and SVM under harmonic conditions
Authors: Eskandari‐Torbati Hamid , Khaburi Davood Arab , Eskandari‐Torbati Vahid 
Published: March 2015

SummaryIn this paper, a new predictive direct power control algorithm to control the PWM rectifier based on virtual flux (VF) is presented. In this algorithm, supply network and the line inductances are assumed as an induction machine and so virtual flux space vectors are assumed corresponding with the space vector of the network voltages. Instantaneous active and reactive powers and finally convertor average voltage in both stationary and rotating reference frames are calculated by the virtual flux space vector components. The main advantages of the proposed method are low total harmonic distortion of the input current and low ripple in the instantaneous active and reactive powers and direct current‐bus voltage under harmonic distorted condition of the supply voltage in comparison with voltage‐based predictive direct power control (V‐PDPC) method. Proposed VF‐PDPC method with space vector modulation switching strategy was tested in simulations and compared with the V‐PDPC method. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dimensional assessment of continuous loop cortical suspension devices and clinical implications for intraoperative button flipping and intratunnel graft length
Authors: Turnbull Travis Lee , LaPrade Christopher M. , Smith Sean D. , LaPrade Robert F. , Wijdicks Coen A. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTContinuous loop cortical suspension devices have been demonstrated to be more consistent and biomechanically superior compared to adjustable loop devices; however, continuous loop devices present unique challenges compared to adjustable loop devices, especially in short tunnel reconstruction applications. Specifically, adjustable loop devices have the advantage of a “one size fits all” approach, and the ability to tension these devices following button flipping allows for the intratunnel graft length to be maximized. Nevertheless, the reliability of continuous loop devices has sustained their widespread use. We hypothesized that continuous loop cortical suspension devices from different manufacturers would exhibit equivalent 15 mm loop lengths, as advertised. Loop length was measured using a tensile testing machine. Contrary to our hypothesis, continuous loop cortical suspension devices with equivalent advertised lengths exhibited different loop lengths (up to 27% discrepancy). Inconsistencies with regards to manufacturers' reported loop lengths for continuous loop devices could have serious clinical implications and additionally complicate technique transferal among devices. Consequently, the manufacturers' accurate and complete disclosure of the dimensions and specifications associated with each continuous loop device is critical. Furthermore, surgeon awareness of true loop length dimensions and inconsistencies among devices is needed to ensure optimal implantation and resultant clinical outcomes. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1327–1331, 2015.
Quantifying the natural history of biofilm formation in vivo during the establishment of chronic implant‐associated Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis in mice to identify critical pathogen and host factors
Authors: Nishitani Kohei , Sutipornpalangkul Werasak , de Mesy Bentley Karen L. , Varrone John J. , Bello‐Irizarry Sheila N. , Ito Hiromu , Matsuda Shuichi , Kates Stephen L. , Daiss John L. , Schwarz Edward M. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTWhile it is well known that Staphylococcus aureus establishes chronic implant‐associated osteomyelitis by generating and persisting in biofilm, research to elucidate pathogen, and host specific factors controlling this process has been limited due to the absence of a quantitative in vivo model. To address this, we developed a murine tibia implant model with ex vivo region of interest (ROI) imaging analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Implants were coated with Staphylococcus aureus strains (SH1000, UAMS‐1, USA300LAC) with distinct in vitro biofilm phenotypes, were used to infect C57BL/6 or Balb/c mice. In contrast to their in vitro biofilm phenotype, results from all bacteria strains in vivo were similar, and demonstrated that biofilm on the implant is established within the first day, followed by a robust proliferation phase peaking on Day 3 in Balb/c mice, and persisting until Day 7 in C57BL/6 mice, as detected by SEM and bioluminescent imaging. Biofilm formation peaked at Day 14, covering ∼40% of the ROI coincident with massive agr‐dependent bacterial emigration, as evidenced by large numbers of empty lacunae with few residual bacteria, which were largely culture negative (80%) and PCR positive (87.5%), supporting the clinical relevance of this implant model. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1311–1319, 2015.
Solubility, partitioning, and activity of copper‐contaminated soils in a semiarid region
Authors: Mondaca Pedro , Neaman Alexander , Sauvé Sébastien , Salgado Eduardo , Bravo Manuel 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe studied the fate of Cu in contaminated semiarid soils from two areas with different mining activities in central Chile. Several regression models were evaluated to use soil physicochemical characteristics to predict solubility, partitioning, and activity of Cu. Furthermore, we hypothesize that the type of Cu mining compound (smelter dust versus tailing sand) can be another important variable determining the bioavailability of Cu. In the studied neutral to alkaline soils, soil organic matter (SOM) enhanced Cu solubility most probably through the formation of organic complexes with dissolved organic C (DOC). As a consequence, Cu solubility and partitioning were better explained by DOC concentration than by SOM content. On the other hand, Cu activity was mainly related to soil pH and was not affected by DOC. Although we found differences between the two study areas, Cu solubility and partitioning might not be as dependent upon the origin of the Cu mining compound as upon other physiochemical characteristics that influence the concentration and characteristics of DOC. Total Cu, pH, and DOC would be the most important variables to consider on Cu solubility, however, data about the nature of SOM may certainly improve the prediction models. Thus, multiple binding site models between Cu and DOC should be studied to improve predictions of Cu solubility.
i‐Line Sensitive PAGs and Their Application to Photocrosslinking System
Authors: Okamura Haruyuki , Ashida Takuya , Kodama Shintaro , Shirai Masamitsu 
Published: March 2015

SummaryImino sulfonate PAGs sensitive to i‐ and g‐line were synthesized using 9‐fluorenone derivatives with arylethynyl units as starting materials. The PAGs exhibited good thermal stability and photoreactivity at 365 nm (i‐line) compared with that of an imino sulfonate PAG synthesized from unfunctionalized 9‐fluorenone. Evaluation of a series of i‐line sensitive PAGs were carried out. The PAGs were applicable to photocrosslinking of poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA). The PAGs were more sensitive than the PAG synthesized from unfunctionalized 9‐fluorenone.
Polyethylene Surface Modification by Side Chain Crystalline Block Copolymer
Authors: Nakano Ryoko , Sekiguchi Hiroshi , Yao Shigeru 
Published: March 2015

SummaryRecently, we found that Side Chain Crystalline Block Co‐Polymer (SCCBC), which has a long alkane side chain (>C10), can be used as a good dispersant for a concentrated polyethylene fine‐particle dispersion. We also found that the viscosity of this concentrated dispersion increased at high temperature and returned to normal at low temperature. We named this fluid Thermal Rheological Fluid (TR Fluid). The mechanism of this phenomenon involves the attachment and detachment of SCCBC. With the use of this mechanism, we examined whether it could be possible to modify the properties of a polyethylene (PE) surface. A PE film was dipped in a dilute SCCBC solution, and its surface was coated by SCCBC. The water contact angle changed from around 90° before coating to around 70° after coating. Thus, the surface of PE was made more hydrophilic. The adhesion strength was examined by a tensile test. The PE film elongated before the attached region broke. These results showed that SCCBC has a very high adhesion strength and can be used as a surface modifier or primer for attachment. Additionally, SCCBC could be easily removed from the PE film by hot water, and thus, it should be very easy to recycle or re‐use the PE.
Living Anionic Polymerization of Functional Aziridines
Authors: Thomi Laura , Wurm Frederik R. 
Published: March 2015

Summary2‐(Oct‐7‐en‐1‐yl)‐N‐mesylaziridine was used as a novel monomer for the anionic ring‐opening polymerization. This is the first functional aziridine‐derivative that can be polymerized via an anionic mechanism. Homo‐ and copolymers with (2‐n‐decyl‐N‐mesylaziridine) were synthesized and characterized via NMR spectroscopy and SEC. Molecular weight distributions were all monomodal and very narrow (Mw/Mn < 1.1). The pendant double bonds were functionalized with a protected cysteine derivative as a model for potential bioconjugation.
Polymerization of Alkyl Diazoacetates Initiated with Pd Complexes
Authors: Ihara Eiji , Itoh Tomomichi , Shimomoto Hiroaki 
Published: March 2015

SummaryPd‐initiated polymerization of alkyl diazoacetates as an effective methodology to prepare carbon‐carbon (CC) main chain polymers bearing a substituent on every main chain carbon is described. (NHC)Pd/borate (NHC = N‐heterocyclic carbene) systems are efficient at affording high Mn polymers. π‐AllylPdCl‐based systems can initiate the polymerization with the number of polymer chain per Pd ratios over 1.0 because of occurrence of chain transfer, capable of affording relatively low Mn polymers in high yield. Initiation and termination mechanisms have been proposed for the latter initiating systems, based on the detailed MALDI‐TOF‐MS analyses of the low Mn products.
Highly Reactive Polyisobutylenes via Cationic Polymerization of Isobutylene by AlCl3/Ether Complexes in Non‐Polar Media: Scope and Limitations
Authors: Kostjuk Sergei V. , Vasilenko Irina V. , Shiman Dmitriy I. , Frolov Alexander N. , Gaponik Ludmila V. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryThe cationic polymerization of isobutylene using AlCl3 × OBu2 and AlCl3 × OiPr2 as co‐initiators in two non‐polar solvents (toluene and n‐hexane) at different temperatures and monomer concentrations has been investigated. In toluene, highly reactive polyisobutylene (HR PIB) with desired low molecular weight (Mn = 1,500–2,500 g mol−1) and high exo‐olefin content (85–90%) were synthesized at high monomer concentration ([M] = 5.2–7.8 M) and high reaction temperature (0 °C–20 °C) with both of catalytic complexes. In n‐hexane, AlCl3 × OiPr2 showed considerably higher activity and selectivity towards β‐H abstraction that AlCl3 × OBu2 and allowed to synthesize HR PIB with high functionality (exo ≥ 80%) only at –20 °C, but the molecular weight of synthesized PIB is slightly higher (Mn = 3,500–10,000 g mol−1) than required for the commercial application.
Cationic Zirconocene‐Mediated Catalytic H‐Shuttling Polymerization of Polar Vinyl Monomers: Scopes of Catalyst, Chain‐Transfer Agent, and Monomer
Authors: He Jianghua , Zhang Yuetao , Chen Eugene Y.‐X. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryThis study investigates the characteristics of the recently developed catalytic H‐shuttling polymerization (HSP) of polar vinyl monomers mediated by cationic zirconocenium catalysts, through examining the scopes of chain transfer agent, catalyst, and monomer. Amongst the three classes of chain transfer agents (metal hydrides, metal aryl/alkyls, organics) investigated for the MMA polymerization catalyzed by Cs‐ligated catalyst 1, the Lewis acid B(C6F5)3, metal hydrides MH (M = K, Na, Li) and the organic PhNMe2 promote efficient catalytic polymerization, while metal alkyls such as Et3Al and Et2Zn serve only as the scavenger and/or monomer activator and thus do not promote chain transfer. In the presence of 5 equivalents of KH, both Cs‐ligated catalyst 1 and achiral C2v‐ligated catalyst 3 promote catalytic MMA polymerization through effective chain transfer, whereas C2‐ligated catalyst 2 shows no chain transfer. Of several other conjugated polar vinyl monomers investigated, including acrylamides and α‐methylene‐γ‐butyrolactones, only N,N‐diphenylacrylamide (DPAA) exhibits catalytic polymerization behavior. Thus, in the presence of enantiopure pre‐catalyst (S,S)‐4 and excess B(C6F5)3, DPAA is polymerized catalytically and asymmetrically to optically active poly(DPAA) with a narrow MWD of 1.02.
Enhancing the Reliability of GPCR Models by Accounting for Flexibility of Their Pro‐Containing Helices: the Case of the Human mAChR1 Receptor
Authors: Pedretti Alessandro , Mazzolari Angelica , Ricci Chiara , Vistoli Giulio 
Published: March 2015

AbstractTo better investigate the GPCR structures, we have recently proposed to explore their flexibility by simulating the bending of their Pro‐containing TM helices so generating a set of models (the so‐called chimeras) which exhaustively combine the two conformations (bent and straight) of these helices. The primary objective of the study is to investigate whether such an approach can be exploited to enhance the reliability of the GPCR models generated by distant templates. The study was focused on the human mAChR1 receptor for which a presumably reliable model was generated using the congener mAChR3 as the template along with a second less reliable model based on the distant β2‐AR template. The second model was then utilized to produce the chimeras by combining the conformations of its Pro‐containing helices (i.e., TM4, TM5, TM6 and TM7 with 16 modeled chimeras). The reliability of such chimeras was assessed by virtual screening campaigns as evaluated using a novel skewness metric where they surpassed the predictive power of the more reliable mAChR1 model. Finally, the virtual screening campaigns emphasize the opportunity of synergistically combining the scores of more chimeras using a specially developed tool which generates highly predictive consensus functions by maximizing the corresponding enrichment factors.