bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic Analysis on the Minimum of Oxygen Content in the Deoxidation Equilibrium Curve in Liquid Iron
Authors: Han Pei-Wei , Chen Pei-Xian , Chu Shao-Jun 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe minimum of oxygen content in the deoxidation equilibrium in liquid iron was thermodynamically analyzed in the present paper. Two criteria were developed to determine the existence of the minimum. The first criterion was $$0 \le x\gamma _{\rm{M}}^{\rm{M}} + y\gamma _{\rm{O}}^{\rm{M}} \le \min ({x \mathord{\left/{\vphantom {x {4.606[\% {\rm{M}}]_{{\rm{ex}}}^2}}} \right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {4.606[\% {\rm{M}}]_{{\rm{ex}}}^2}},{{{{(xe_{\rm{M}}^{\rm{M}} + ye_{\rm{O}}^{\rm{M}})}^2}} \mathord{\left/{\vphantom {{{{(xe_{\rm{M}}^{\rm{M}} + ye_{\rm{O}}^{\rm{M}})}^2}} {3.474x}}} \right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {3.474x}})$$ with $$xe_{\rm{M}}^{\rm{M}} + ye_{\rm{O}}^{\rm{M}} \lt 0$$, or $$x\gamma _{\rm{M}}^{\rm{M}} + y\gamma _{\rm{O}}^{\rm{M}}{\rm{\lt 0}}$$. And the second criterion was $$(xe_{\rm{M}}^{\rm{O}} + ye_{\rm{O}}^{\rm{O}}) + {y \mathord{\left/{\vphantom {y {2.303{{[\% {\rm{O}}]}_{{\rm{ex}}}}}}} \right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {2.303{{[\% {\rm{O}}]}_{{\rm{ex}}}}}} \gt 0$$. The criteria in terms of first-order activity interaction parameters were the special case of present thermodynamic analysis with neglecting the second-order activity interaction parameters. They were not fit for the case of $$xe_{\rm{M}}^{\rm{M}} + ye_{\rm{O}}^{\rm{M}} \gt 0$$, in which case the criteria in terms of second-order activity interaction parameters should be taken into account to determine the existence of the minimum. The value 0.11 of $$e_{{\rm{Si}}}^{{\rm{Si}}}$$ was smaller based on the existence of the minimum for the Fe-O-Si system. It was guaranteed that the minimum value of oxygen content on the deoxidation equilibrium curve existed at silicon content 20 mass%, when the value 0.32 of $$e_{{\rm{Si}}}^{{\rm{Si}}}$$ was chosen, and the second-order activity interaction coefficients $$\gamma _{{\rm{Si}}}^{{\rm{Si}}}$$ and $$\gamma _{\rm{O}}^{{\rm{Si}}}$$ satisfied the condition $$\gamma _{{\rm{Si}}}^{{\rm{Si}}} + 2\gamma _{\rm{O}}^{{\rm{Si}}} = - 1.54 \times {10^{- 3}}$$.
Effect of Welding Speeds on Mechanical Properties of Level Compensation Friction Stir Welded 6061-T6 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Wen Quan , Yue Yumei , Ji Shude , Li Zhengwei , Gao Shuangsheng 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn order to eliminate the flash, arc corrugation and concave in weld zone, level compensation friction stir welding (LCFSW) was put forward and successfully applied to weld 6061-T6 aluminum alloy with varied welding speed at a constant tool rotational speed of 1,800 rpm in the present study. The glossy joint with equal thickness of base material can be attained, and the shoulder affected zone (SAZ) was obviously reduced. The results of transverse tensile test indicate that the tensile strength and elongation reach the maximum values of 248 MPa and 7.1% when the welding speed is 600 mm/min. The microhardness of weld nugget (WN) is lower than that of base material. The tensile fracture position locates at the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the advancing side (AS), where the microhardness is the minimum. The fracture surface morphology represents the typical ductile fracture.
Gaussian Mixture Model Based Classification of Stuttering Dysfluencies
Authors: Mahesha P. , Vinod D.S. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe classification of dysfluencies is one of the important steps in objective measurement of stuttering disorder. In this work, the focus is on investigating the applicability of automatic speaker recognition (ASR) method for stuttering dysfluency recognition. The system designed for this particular task relies on the Gaussian mixture model (GMM), which is the most widely used probabilistic modeling technique in ASR. The GMM parameters are estimated from Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs). This statistical speaker-modeling technique represents the fundamental characteristic sounds of speech signal. Using this model, we build a dysfluency recognizer that is capable of recognizing dysfluencies irrespective of a person as well as what is being said. The performance of the system is evaluated for different types of dysfluencies such as syllable repetition, word repetition, prolongation, and interjection using speech samples from the University College London Archive of Stuttered Speech (UCLASS).
Lippard in Part(s)
Authors: Looby Christopher 
Published: June 2015

Christopher Looby, “Lippard in Part(s): Seriality and Secrecy in The Quaker City” (pp. 1–35)
Why did George Lippard publish The Quaker City (1844-45) originally in ten separate parts, issued at intervals over time? Answering this question involves some inference and speculation, but the argument is that the material form of part publication served not only strategic and practical purposes in the print marketplace but served also as an expressive form for Lippard. His early journalistic career was a schooling in seriality (his most interesting publications were ad hoc serials), but it was also where his ambition for long form fiction writing developed; The Quaker City then united serial form with an extended novel. This novel was driven by an animus against secrecy (the secret machinations of the powerful) and a converse devotion to democratic publicity, but serial publication itself entailed a form of secrecy (in a particular sense), and as Lippard wrote and issued the novel over an extended period of time he discovered the paradoxical value of secrecy for democracy. Finally, his little-known and belatedly published Key to the Quaker City (1845) embodied the antinomy of secrecy and publicity: it both revealed the novel’s secrets and manufactured new ones, preserving secrecy in perpetuity—that is, preserving the openness of the future for democratic agency.
Identification of Wnt Pathway Target Genes Regulating the Division and Differentiation of Larval Seam Cells and Vulval Precursor Cells inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Gorrepati Lakshmi , Krause Michael W , Chen Weiping , Brodigan Thomas M , Correa-Mendez Margarita , Eisenmann David M 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe evolutionarily conserved Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a fundamental role during metazoan development, regulating numerous processes including cell fate specification, cell migration, and stem cell renewal. Wnt ligand binding leads to stabilization of the transcriptional effector β-catenin and upregulation of target gene expression to mediate a cellular response. During larval development of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, Wnt/β-catenin pathways act in fate specification of two hypodermal cell types, the ventral vulval precursor cells (VPCs) and the lateral seam cells. Because little is known about targets of the Wnt signaling pathways acting during larval VPC and seam cell differentiation, we sought to identify genes regulated by Wnt signaling in these two hypodermal cell types. We conditionally activated Wnt signaling in larval animals and performed cell type–specific "mRNA tagging" to enrich for VPC and seam cell–specific mRNAs, and then used microarray analysis to examine gene expression compared to control animals. Two hundred thirty-nine genes activated in response to Wnt signaling were identified, and we characterized 50 genes further. The majority of these genes are expressed in seam and/or vulval lineages during normal development, and reduction of function for nine genes caused defects in the proper division, fate specification, fate execution, or differentiation of seam cells and vulval cells. Therefore, the combination of these techniques was successful at identifying potential cell type–specific Wnt pathway target genes from a small number of cells and at increasing our knowledge of the specification and behavior of these C. elegans larval hypodermal cells.
Efecto de los micronutrientes en polvo en el estado nutricional y en los valores hemáticos de preescolares sanos, Medellín, 2013
Authors: Orozco C. Juliana , Vargas G. Cristian , Rojas B. Maylen L. , Herrera T. Ana Milena , Montoya V. Liliana , Sánchez G. Juliana , Chica P. Javier , Villada O. Oscar , Díaz D. Alejandro 
Published: June 2015

Las carencias de micronutrientes son un problema de salud pública común en muchos países, principalmente en aquellos en vía de desarrollo; las deficiencias más prevalentes son las de vitamina A, hierro y yodo. Para reducirlas se pueden ejecutar estrategias como la fortificación de alimentos. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de la fortificación de la dieta con micronutrientes en polvo en el estado nutricional y los valores hemáticos de preescolares sanos. Metodología: ensayo clínico triple ciego, con asignación aleatoria de grupos y controlado con placebo. Se analizaron 90 preescolares sanos a quienes se suministró 1g de mezcla de micronutrientes al día con 12,50 mg de hierro (fumarato ferroso). Antes y después de nueve semanas, se midieron los niveles de hemoglobina, ferritina sérica, transferrina, ácido fólico y los indicadores nutricionales. Resultados: la concentración de hemoglobina disminuyó en el grupo de intervención, pasando de 12,80 g/dL a 12,10 g/dL (p = 0,000), mientras que en el grupo placebo no hubo variación (p = 0,639); así mismo la transferrina disminuyó significativamente solo en el grupo intervenido (p = 0,004); el nivel de ferritina al final del estudio no difirió intra o entre grupos de intervención. Las reacciones adversas fueron similares en ambos grupos: dos niños presentaron náusea y dos tuvieron dolor abdominal, sin diferencias estadísticas. Conclusiones: la fortificación de alimentos durante nueve semanas con los micronutrientes en polvo empleados en el estudio, no mejoró los niveles hematológicos, ni el estado nutricional de los niños sanos estudiados; los alimentos fortificados fueron bien tolerados por los preescolares.
Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis for adult intracranial arterial steno-occlusive disease: long-term single-center experience with 107 operations
Authors: Gonzalez Nestor R. , Dusick Joshua R. , Connolly Mark , Bounni Firas , Martin Neil A. , Van de Wiele Barbara , Liebeskind David S. , Saver Jeffrey L. 
Published: June 2015

OBJECT
Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS) is a form of revascularization that has shown promising early results in the treatment of adult patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) and more recently in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic steno-occlusive disease (ICASD). Herein the authors present the long-term results of a single-center experience with EDAS for adult MMD and ICASD.

METHODS
Patients with ischemic symptoms despite intensive medical therapy were considered for EDAS. All patients undergoing EDAS were included. Clinical data, including recurrence of transient ischemic attack (TIA) and/or stroke, functional status, and death, were collected from a retrospective data set and a prospective cohort. Perren revascularization and American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology/Society of Interventional Radiology (ASITN/SIR) collateral grades were recorded from angiograms.

RESULTS
A total of 107 EDAS procedures were performed in 82 adults (36 with ICASD and 46 with MMD). During a median follow-up of 22 months, 2 (2.4%) patients had strokes; both patients were in the ICASD group. TIA-free survival and stroke-free survival analyses were performed using the product limit estimator (Kaplan-Meier) method. The probability of stroke-free survival at 2 years in the ICASD group was 94.3% (95% CI 80%–98.6%). No patient in the MMD group suffered a stroke. The probability of TIA-free survival at 2 years was 89.4% (95% CI 74.7%–96%) in ICASD and 99.7% (95% CI 87.5%–99.9%) in MMD. There were no hemorrhages or stroke-related deaths. Angiograms in 85.7% of ICASD and 92% of MMD patients demonstrated Perren Grade 3 and improvement in ASITN/SIR grade in all cases.

CONCLUSIONS
EDAS is well tolerated in adults with MMD and ICASD and improves collateral circulation to territories at risk. The rates of stroke after EDAS are lower than those reported with other treatments, including intensive medical therapy in patients with ICASD.
Démographie et industrialisation : le modèle verviétois (1800-1850)
Authors: Desama Claude 
Published: June 2015

Verviers, seat of a model industrial revolution, owns exceptional demographic sources wihch allow to study, in the best possible manner, the relations between demographic growth and industrialization.
The analysis of population structures bring out the leading role played by immigration as opposed to natural factors, and its close relation with the rhythm of industrialization.
The unbalance existing between the volume of migrations and the short-term needs in manpower bring forth an aggravation of under-employment.
Yet, the very structures of active population make it more capable of adapting itself to changes occurring in the production organization and to the apparition of a ternary sector.
GerOSS (German Obstetric Surveillance System)
Authors: Grüßner S. , Lack N. , Franz H. B. G. , Berlage S. 
Published: June 2015

SummaryBackground: Severe and very rare obstetric complications (e.g. eclampsia, postpartum haemorrhage or uterine rupture), typically culminate in a chaotic, uncontrollable sequence of events. Outcome for mother and child depends on whether doctors and midwives are able to quickly take correct decisions and initiate optimal treatment.Objectives: GerOSS (German Obstetric Surveillance System) aims at generating deeper insight into relevant risk factors to improve diagnosis and treatment of severe complications during pregnancy and delivery. As such it is primarily conceived as a system for quality improvement and less as a register. Another focus is the provision of an information and communication platform for dissemination of these insights. Finally, incidences of selected rare obstetric events may be derived.Methods: These rare events are monitored for two to five years in Lower Saxony, Bavaria and Berlin. Quantitative analyses of aggregate data are complemented with in depth case based anonymised evaluations by experts. The temporal sequence of measures taken as well as the management of care is inspected. Participants receive a feedback of comments on the synopsis of individual cases. Aggregate data results are published and made available through the GerOSS platform. A scientific advisory committee ensures the link with the professional scientific bodies. A comparison within INOSS (International Network of Obstetric Survey Systems) allows additional insights into the treatment of obstetric rare diseases and complications. More reliable estimates of the incidence of such events can be computed and compared within a larger database.Results: Following the implementation in three federal states in Germany in 2010, participation in GerOSS-Project has increased to 100% of all hospitals with a delivery unit in Lower Saxony, 30% in Bavaria and 80% in Berlin. Feasibility of the project is shown by successful implementation of GerOSS. Quantitative analyses enable construction of risk profiles (e.g. for the prevalence of hysterectomies and uterine ruptures) such that tailored treatment algorithms may be derived. Age, body mass index and previous caesarean section are common risk factors when complications occur. Respective recommendations have not always been adhered to in the diagnosis and therapy of such cases. The presentation of initial GerOSS results has paved the path for first changes in obstetric care.Conclusions: The envisaged expansion of GerOSS to an interactive platform will allow dissemination of insights such that optimal obstetric care and transferal among all involved medical facilities may see future enhancements via the internet or even through smartphone applications.
Jung fils de sa mère, par nécessité ?
Authors: Allain-Dupré Brigitte 
Published: June 2015

L’auteur développe la notion de filiation dans une approche de transmission maternelle, au contraire de la notion paternelle véhiculée par la théorie freudienne. Prenant comme support l’accès à l’identité du jeune Carl Gustav Jung à travers les premiers chapitres de Ma vie , l’auteur pose l’hypothèse qu’envahie par la dépression maternelle, la psyché du jeune enfant crée un contenant symbolique qui tiendrait à l’abri des secrets non partagés et non partageables avec les parents, en particulier avec la mère. Ce contenant, comme l’appareil à penser de Bion, soutient la « différenciation intellectuelle de la conscience » qui en serait l’équivalent jungien.
La relativité de l'identité masculine et de la paternité
Authors: Zoja Luigi 
Published: June 2015

Les jeunes gens violents des ghettos d’Amérique du Nord, les toxicomanes sans espoir d’Amérique Latine, les adolescents suicidaires français, les lanceurs de pierres des passerelles d’autoroutes italiennes ont quelque chose en commun : l’absence des pères. À la différence de la maternité, la paternité est un fait presque exclusivement culturel qui semble émerger avec la famille monogamique. À la différence de la maternité qui existe depuis toujours dans l’échelle évolutive zoologique, la paternité est une adaptation récente, encore incertaine et précaire. Ceci signifie qu’elle est enseignée à nouveau à chaque génération, sinon, elle se perd. Les grandes figures mythiques de l’antiquité classique, Hector, Ulysse, Enée, peuvent être considérées comme des résumés de l’affirmation du père, qui à cette époque frise l’omnipotence et s’offre comme socle de l’affirmation en Occident. Puis, l’industrialisation, les guerres mondiales déplacent les pères toujours plus loin. À leur tour, les « pères terribles » les dictateurs du XX e siècle, accélèrent la disparition du père en tant que symbole. La multiplication vertigineuse des divorces en renforce les statistiques. Les jeunes apprennent les uns des autres l’entrée dans l’âge adulte et dans la société : c’est comme s’ils avaient honte de faire recours à l’expérience du père, même si, en privé, ils disent souvent éprouver une profonde nostalgie à son égard.
De l’inconfort à être une psychanalyste jungienne juive
Authors: Wiener Jan , Hainsworth Karen 
Published: June 2015

Cette conférence a d’abord été donnée au colloque sur l’Histoire du National-Socialisme à Munich, et plus tard en Israël. Il traite des difficultés pour une Juive, formée comme analyste à Londres, à remettre en question les idées antisémites de Jung, telles qu’il les exprime dans ses écrits des années 30.
La filiation plurielle, une complexité moderne ?
Authors: Mignet Mariette 
Published: June 2015

Face aux multiples interrogations que posent les nouvelles filiations nées des changements scientifiques et sociaux, nous sommes devant l’inconnu. En déconnectant le mariage et la filiation, la sexualité et l’engendrement, l’identité et le corps physiologique, la société se complexifie de plus en plus. Change-t-elle de repères ? Comment les individus se positionnent-ils ? La psychanalyse, en particulier celle de Jung, peut-elle appréhender cette complexité moderne qu’est la filiation plurielle auprès des analysants en quête de sens ? Ce travail a pour but d’ouvrir des réflexions, les réponses sont dans l’à-venir.
La démocratie aujourd’hui est sauvage et constituante
Authors: Negri Antonio , Sánchez Cedillo Raúl , Gallot Margot 
Published: June 2015

L’exemple espagnol de Podemos montre comment sortir positivement des limites de l’horizontalité du mouvement, à la fois si riche et infructueuse, et comment agencer un geste politique d’autoconstitution, d’organisation et de représentation. Ce passage de l’horizontalité à la verticalité, de l’agitation et de la résistance du mouvement vers le travail de gouvernement pose non seulement des questions de spatialité, mais surtout des questions de temporalité, de durée. L’important passe par la (re)création d’un flux de mouvement politique, un système ouvert de gouvernance depuis le bas qui maintient unis mouvement et gouvernement – par le débat constituant constant et par une extension de ce débat aux citoyens.
Penser le sécularisme
Authors: Asad Talal , Amer Meziane Mohamed 
Published: June 2015

Ce texte, écrit à la suite des attentats du 11 septembre 2001, tente de redéfinir les notions de laïcité et de sécularisme en marge des grands récits de sécularisation. La modernité laïque n’est ni la simple séparation du politique et du religieux, ni ce qui reste lorsque la religion décline ou s’efface. Dès lors que le concept de « religion » renvoie lui-même à une construction historique qui diffère selon les espaces politiques, l’on doit affirmer que la modernité laïque est la production d’un nouveau partage entre le religieux et le politique, d’une redéfinition de ce qu’est censé être la « religion » et, avec elle, l’éthique et la politique. Le texte discute ensuite le libéralisme politique de Charles Taylor de façon critique. L’unité de la modernité politique n’est pas factuelle, c’est l’unité d’un projet moderne : elle a un but politique dont l’hégémonie se lit dans le fait que les peuples extra-européens sont perpétuellement invités à s’y mesurer. Cette analyse dessine enfin la voie d’une anthropologie du sécularisme défini comme une doctrine qui cherche à émanciper la sphère publique d’un religieux oppressif, mais aussi et surtout comme une forme de vie laïque : un ensemble d’attitudes spécifiques, un certain rapport au corps et à la souffrance ainsi qu’un modèle de subjectivité.
Le mérite une approche conceptuelle
Authors: Michaud Yves 
Published: June 2015

Résumé	L’idée de mérite renvoie à la valeur et à la reconnaissance qui peut être accordée à une personne en fonction de ses qualités et de celles de ses actions. Elle se rattache historiquement et conceptuellement, en amont, à la notion de vertu (disposition durable à agir bien) et, en aval, à celle de performance (réussir de manière mesurable dans une tâche). La vertu est constitutive de la personne dans un monde humain fait d’êtres différents. La performance est, elle, détachable de la personne dans un monde d’individus. La notion de mérite est donc en porte‑à‑faux puisque le mérite appartient aux individus mais pas complètement. Ce qui complique encore la situation, c’est l’intervention dans les sociétés démocratiques des paramètres de l’égalité, de la justice, et, maintenant, de la différence, les individus étant par principe égaux et devant être traités avec justice, bien qu’ils soient différents. Cette situation conceptuelle compliquée explique les controverses et doutes sur la méritocratie.
Ayn Rand and Rape
Authors: Brown Susan Love 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The first sexual encounter between Dominique Francon and Howard Roark in The Fountainhead is known as the “rape scene.” From the time of the novel's publication, some readers have found a contradiction between Rand's views on freedom and the violence within the novel. The ambiguity arises from the way in which the scenes leading up to the event are constructed, the sadomasochistic context of the novel, and Rand's views of gender and romantic relationships. Although Rand repeatedly denied that any rape occurred, this article concludes that a rape did occur and that Rand fully intended it to be so.
Ayn Rand and Vladimir Nabokov
Authors: Kostenko Anna 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAyn Rand is often put on a par with Vladimir Nabokov, proceeding from the similarity of their creative destinies. The general vicissitudes of life forced the two writers to converge on one theme—the indisputable statement of the supreme value of a human life, by understanding the importance of the individual “I” over the public. The main problem of their poetic worlds is the question of self-identification. As Russian immigrant writers, both occupy the position of “estrangement” in relation to both their own heritage and the environment to which they immigrated.