bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different haemodynamic patterns in head-up tilt test on 400 paediatric cases with unexplained syncope
Authors: Yozgat Yilmaz , Karadeniz Cem , Ozdemir Rahmi , Doksoz Onder , Kucuk Mehmet , Karaarslan Utku , Mese Timur , Unal Nurettin 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjective: To assess haemodynamic patterns in head-up tilt testing on 400 paediatric cases with unexplained syncope. Methods: Medical records of 520 children who underwent head-up tilt testing in the preceding year were retrospectively evaluated, and 400 children, 264 (66%) girls and 136 (34%) boys, aged 12.6±2.6 years (median 13; range 5–18), with unexplained syncope were enrolled in the study. Age, sex, baseline heart rate, baseline blood pressure, frequency of symptoms, and/or fainting attacks were recorded. The test protocol consisted of 25 minutes of supine resting followed by 20 minutes of 70° upright positioning. Subjects were divided into nine groups according to their differing haemodynamic patterns. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups with regard to age, gender, baseline blood pressure, and frequency of syncope (p>0.05). The response was compatible with orthostatic intolerance in 28 cases (7.0%), postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome in 24 cases (6.0%), asymptomatic postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome in 26 cases (6.5%), orthostatic hypotension in seven cases (1.7%), vasovagal syncope in 38 cases (9.5%), and negative in 274 cases (69.2%). Vasovagal syncope response patterns were of type 3 in nine cases (2.2%), type 2A in 10 cases (2.5%), type 2B in two cases (0.5%), and type 1 (mixed) in 17 cases (4.25%). Conclusions: In the 400 paediatric cases with unexplained syncope, nine different haemodynamic response patterns to head-up tilt testing were discerned. Children with orthostatic intolerance syndromes are increasingly referred to hospitals because of difficulty in daily activities. Therefore, there is need for further clinical trials in these patient groups.
Transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects with ductal occluders
Authors: Mahimarangaiah Jayaranganath , Subramanian Anand , Kikkeri Hemannasetty Srinivasa , Chandra Subhash , Karur Satish , Mandikal Kodandaramasastry Usha , Cholenahally Nanjappa Manjunath 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackground: To study the feasibility and complications associated with the use of ductal occluders for closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects. Methods: A total of 126 patients, ranging from 1 to 41 years of age (median – 8 years), underwent closure of ventricular septal defects from August 2010 to April 2013. Small- and moderate-sized defects were closed using first-generation Patent ductus arteriosus occluders or Amplatzer Duct Occluder-II. Patients were followed up for the development of complications such as heart block, aortic regurgitation, and tricuspid regurgitation. Results: Patent ductus arteriosus occluders were used in 81 patients, and the Amplatzer Duct Occluder-II device in 45 patients. The devices were successfully deployed in 99.2% of the cases. One patient had embolisation of an Amplatzer Duct Occluder-II device soon after deployment. There was one case of transient complete heart block (0.8%) needing temporary pacing, and two cases of isoarrhythmic atrioventricular dissociation (1.6%). One patient developed late-onset complete heart block 15 months after the procedure and underwent permanent pacemaker implantation. There were no instances of new-onset aortic regurgitation. New-onset mild tricuspid regurgitation was seen in two patients. Of the patients, three had small residual shunts on follow-up, without haemolysis. Conclusions: Duct occluders can be used to effectively close small- and moderate-sized ventricular septal defects. The incidence of complete heart block and valvular regurgitations are much less than reported with other devices, and they are cost-effective.
Biventricular non-compaction hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in association with congenital complete heart block and type I mitochondrial complex deficiency
Authors: Dhar Ranjana , Reardon William , McMahon Colin J. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe report a baby girl with an antenatal diagnosis of biventricular non-compaction and complete heart block detected at 22 weeks’ gestation. Postnatal echocardiography confirmed severe biventricular non-compaction hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, multiple muscular ventricular septal defects, and mild–moderate pulmonary valve stenosis. Skeletal muscle biopsy confirmed complex 1 mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency. An epicardial VVI pacemaker was implanted on day 3 of life and revised at 7 years of age. She remains stable at 8 years of age following pacing and medical treatment with carvedilol, aspirin, co-enzyme Q10, and carnitine. This represents the first report of biventricular non-compaction hypertrophic phenotype in association with congenital complete heart block and complex 1 mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency in a child.
Three arenas of struggle: A contextual approach to the constituent power of ‘the people’
Authors: OKLOPCIC ZORAN 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAgainst recent contributions to the debate about the constituent power of the people, the article proposes to reorient the debate by analytically distinguishing three dominant arenas of political struggle – democratic, social and national – in which the vocabulary of ‘the people’ and its constituent power is invoked. The invocation of the ‘will of the people’ and its constituent power in these arenas is associated with different assumptions, risks and implicit ideational trade-offs that must be laid bare. A contextual approach to constituent power counsels caution in dignifying pro-democratic constitutional transformations with the name of ‘the people’. It invites those who theorize constituent power with social struggles in mind to rebalance their attention to constituent power – and devote more attention to imaginaries and strategies that minimize moral hazards implicit in the vocabulary of peoplehood and to maximize the likelihood of the new order’s survival. Finally, a contextual approach rejects the role for constituent power in national struggles, arguing that constitutional theory is incapable of arbitrating between competing assertions of popular sovereignty. In the final part of the paper, I defend the contextual approach against the theoretical interventions currently on offer, and gesture towards its potential in crafting aprovincializedconstitutional theory.
Potential pharmacological chaperones targeting cancer-associated MCL-1 and Parkinson disease-associated α-synuclein
Authors: Oh Misook , Lee Ji Hoon , Wang Wei , Lee Hui Sun , Lee Woo Sirl , Burlak Christopher , Im Wonpil , Hoang Quyen Q. , Lim Hyun-Suk 
Published: July 2014

Significance
Many complex diseases are caused by aberrant protein–protein interactions or protein misfolding, which present immense challenges for drug discovery. Here, we present the design, synthesis, and usage of a diverse library of potential pharmacological chaperones that could interfere with undesirable protein–protein interactions and prevent aggregation of misfolded proteins.
Structural plasticity of 4-α-helical bundles exemplified by the puzzle-like molecular assembly of the Rop protein
Authors: Amprazi Maria , Kotsifaki Dina , Providaki Mary , Kapetaniou Evangelia G. , Fellas Georgios , Kyriazidis Ioannis , Pérez Javier , Kokkinidis Michael 
Published: July 2014

Significance
The ColE1 Rop protein is a paradigm of a canonical 4-α-helical bundle and an attractive model system for protein-folding studies. This work characterizes Rop and several of its loop mutants, focusing on their extreme structural plasticity. Plasticity gives rise to new helical bundle topologies and properties and establishes a variety of native-like and molten globule states that depend on nonnative disulfide bonds. This plasticity and the capacity of the Rop mutants to assemble a large variety of different hydrophobic cores add Rop to the list of proteins that are suitable for the engineering of bio-inspired materials. Additionally, our findings have implications for the theory of protein folding and for understanding certain pathogenic mechanisms and diseases.
A CRISPR-Cas system enhances envelope integrity mediating antibiotic resistance and inflammasome evasion
Authors: Sampson Timothy R. , Napier Brooke A. , Schroeder Max R. , Louwen Rogier , Zhao Jinshi , Chin Chui-Yoke , Ratner Hannah K. , Llewellyn Anna C. , Jones Crystal L. , Laroui Hamed , Merlin Didier , Zhou Pei , Endtz Hubert P. , Weiss David S. 
Published: July 2014

Significance
Increasing the integrity of the bacterial envelope is necessary to allow the successful survival of bacterial pathogens within the host and allow them to counteract damage caused by membrane-targeting antibiotics. We demonstrate that components of a clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats–CRISPR associated (CRISPR-Cas) system, a prokaryotic defense against viruses and foreign nucleic acid, act to regulate the permeability of the bacterial envelope, ultimately providing these cells with the capability to resist membrane damage caused by antibiotics. This regulation further allows bacteria to resist detection by multiple host receptors to promote virulence. Overall, this study demonstrates the breadth of function of CRISPR-Cas systems in regulation, antibiotic resistance, innate immune evasion, and virulence.
Object grouping based on real-world regularities facilitates perception by reducing competitive interactions in visual cortex
Authors: Kaiser Daniel , Stein Timo , Peelen Marius V. 
Published: July 2014

Significance
A major challenge for visual perception is to select behaviorally relevant objects from scenes containing a large number of distracting objects that compete for limited processing resources. Here, we show that such competitive interactions in human visual cortex are reduced when distracters are positioned in commonly experienced configurations (e.g., a lamp above a dining table), leading to improved detection of target objects. This indicates that the visual system can exploit real-world regularities to group objects that typically co-occur; a plate flanked by a fork and a knife can be grouped into a dining set. This interobject grouping effectively reduces the number of competing objects and thus can facilitate the selection of targets in cluttered, but regular environments.
Microspatial gene expression patterns in the Amazon River Plume
Authors: Satinsky Brandon M. , Crump Byron C. , Smith Christa B. , Sharma Shalabh , Zielinski Brian L. , Doherty Mary , Meng Jun , Sun Shulei , Medeiros Patricia M. , Paul John H. , Coles Victoria J. , Yager Patricia L. , Moran Mary Ann 
Published: July 2014

Significance
The microbial community of the Amazon River Plume determines the fate of the world’s largest input of terrestrial carbon and nutrients to the ocean. By benchmarking with internal standards during sample collection, we determined that each liter of plume seawater contains 1 trillion genes and 50 billion transcripts from thousands of bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic taxa. Gene regulation by taxa inhabiting distinct microenvironments provides insights into micron-scale patterns of transformations in the marine carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur cycles in this globally important ecosystem.
Specific collagen XVIII isoforms promote adipose tissue accrual via mechanisms determining adipocyte number and affect fat deposition
Authors: Aikio Mari , Elamaa Harri , Vicente David , Izzi Valerio , Kaur Inderjeet , Seppinen Lotta , Speedy Helen E. , Kaminska Dorota , Kuusisto Sanna , Sormunen Raija , Heljasvaara Ritva , Jones Emma L. , Muilu Mikko , Jauhiainen Matti , Pihlajamäki Jussi , Savolainen Markku J. , Shoulders Carol C. , Pihlajaniemi Taina 
Published: July 2014

Significance
A previously unrecognized role is described for collagen XVIII—a ubiquitous, structurally complex basement membrane proteoglycan—in supporting preadipocyte differentiation and the maintenance of this differentiated state, and hence the size and lipid-clearing/storage functions of white adipose tissue depots. Specific lack of medium and long isoforms of this nonfibrillar collagen in mice led to reduced adiposity, ectopic deposition of fat in liver, and elevated very low-density lipoprotein-triglyceride levels. The finding of a previously unidentified extracellular mechanism contributing to control of adipogenesis is expected to promote understanding of the molecular and functional bases of human hyperlipidemic syndromes associated with fatty liver.
Genetic information transfer promotes cooperation in bacteria
Authors: Dimitriu Tatiana , Lotton Chantal , Bénard-Capelle Julien , Misevic Dusan , Brown Sam P. , Lindner Ariel B. , Taddei François 
Published: July 2014

Significance
Bacteria often cooperate through the production of public goods that change their environment. These processes can affect human health by increasing virulence or antibiotic resistance. Public good production is costly, making cooperation susceptible to invasion by nonproducing “cheater” individuals. Bacteria also readily share genes, even among distinct species. Our experiments and models converge to show that when both cheating and cooperative genes are transferred, cooperators win against cheaters because transfer increases assortment among alleles, favoring cooperation. This can explain why genes for cooperation are often mobile, and suggests that, in addition to reducing antibiotic resistance spread, preventing gene mobility could reduce cooperative virulence.
Effects of explicit atmospheric convection at high CO
2
Authors: Arnold Nathan P. , Branson Mark , Burt Melissa A. , Abbot Dorian S. , Kuang Zhiming , Randall David A. , Tziperman Eli 
Published: July 2014

Significance
The representation of clouds and convection has an enormous impact on simulation of the climate system. This study addresses concerns that conventional parameterizations may bias the response of climate models to increased greenhouse gases. The broadly similar response of two models with parameterized and nonparameterized convection and clouds suggests that state-of-the-art predictions, based on parameterized climate models, may not necessarily be strongly biased in either direction (too strong or too weak warming). At the same time, large differences in simulated tropical variability and Arctic sea ice area suggest that improvement in convection and cloud representations remains essential.
Dual inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 and soluble epoxide hydrolase synergistically suppresses primary tumor growth and metastasis
Authors: Zhang Guodong , Panigrahy Dipak , Hwang Sung Hee , Yang Jun , Mahakian Lisa M. , Wettersten Hiromi I. , Liu Jun-Yan , Wang Yanru , Ingham Elizabeth S. , Tam Sarah , Kieran Mark W. , Weiss Robert H. , Ferrara Katherine W. , Hammock Bruce D. 
Published: July 2014

Significance
Our study suggests that cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) pathways have potent synergistic antiangiogenic and anticancer activity. Dual pharmacological inhibition of COX-2 and sEH pathways may be useful in treating cancer with minimal toxicity associated with COX-2 inhibition.
Toward performance-diverse small-molecule libraries for cell-based phenotypic screening using multiplexed high-dimensional profiling
Authors: Wawer Mathias J. , Li Kejie , Gustafsdottir Sigrun M. , Ljosa Vebjorn , Bodycombe Nicole E. , Marton Melissa A. , Sokolnicki Katherine L. , Bray Mark-Anthony , Kemp Melissa M. , Winchester Ellen , Taylor Bradley , Grant George B. , Hon C. Suk-Yee , Duvall Jeremy R. , Wilson J. Anthony , Bittker Joshua A. , Dančík Vlado , Narayan Rajiv , Subramanian Aravind , Winckler Wendy , Golub Todd R. , Carpenter Anne E. , Shamji Alykhan F. , Schreiber Stuart L. , Clemons Paul A. 
Published: July 2014

Significance
A large compound screening collection is usually constructed to be tested in many distinct assays, each one designed to find modulators of a different biological process. However, it is generally not known to what extent a compound collection actually contains molecules with distinct biological effects (or even any effect) until it has been tested for a couple of years. This study explores a cost-effective way of rapidly assessing the biological performance diversity of a screening collection in a single assay. By simultaneously measuring a large number of cellular features, unbiased profiling assays can distinguish compound effects with high resolution and thus measure performance diversity. We show that this approach could be used as a filtering strategy to build effective screening collections.
Down-regulated miR-15a mediates the epithelial–mesenchymal transition in renal tubular epithelial cells promoted by high glucose
Authors: Sun Tingli , Yang Jun , Dong Wenpeng , Wang Ruiyan , Ma Peilong , Kang Ping , Zhang Hongbo , Xie Changying , Du Juan , Zhao Lijie 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
High glucose (HG) has been reported to be associated with renal dysfunction. And one potential mechanism underlining the dysfunction is the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular epithelial cells. Present study showed that EMT was induced in the HG-treated renal tubular epithelial cells by promoting the expression of mesenchymal phenotype molecules, such as α-SMA and collagen I, and down-regulating the expression of epithelial phenotype molecule E-cadherin. Moreover, we have identified the down-regulation of miR-15a which was accompanied with the HG-induced EMT. And the miR-15a overexpression inhibited the α-SMA, collagen I expression, and the promotion of E-cadherin expression by targeting and down-regulating AP4 which was also significantly promoted by the HG in the renal tubular epithelial cells. Thus, this study revealed that the weakening regulation on the AP4 expression by miR-15a might contribute to the HG-induced EMT in the renal tubular epithelial cells.
Scaling laws of free magnetic energy stored in a solar emerging flux region
Authors: Magara Tetsuya 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
This Letter reports scaling laws of free magnetic energy stored in a solar emerging flux region which is a key to understanding the energetics of solar active phenomena such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections. By performing three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations that reproduce several emerging flux regions of different magnetic configurations, we derive power-law relationships among emerged magnetic flux, free magnetic energy and relative magnetic helicity in these emerging flux regions. Since magnetic flux is an observable quantity, the scaling law between magnetic flux and free magnetic energy may give a way to estimate invisible free magnetic energy responsible for solar active phenomena.
Effect of Stabilized Rice Bran Fractions on the Formation of Rice Flour Pasting Properties
Authors: Saleh Mohammed I. , Abu‐Waar Ziad Y. , Akash Muhanad W. , Al‐Dabbas Maher 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTRice flour composition played a key role in determining the changes in pasting properties of rice flour. The influence of incorporating defatted rice bran (DFRB), rice bran fiber (RBF), rice bran protein (RBP), and stabilized rice bran (SRB) fractions on the mechanism of rice flour pasting viscosities was investigated. Pasting properties of long‐ and medium‐grain rice flour substituted with 5, 10, 15, 20, and 100% bran fractions resulted in a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in rice flour pasting property values. Flour substituted with RBP had the lowest pasting property measurements compared with other fractions, and the greater the percentage substituted, the lower the pasting property values. DFRB and RBF were least affected properties when used as a replacement. Results were attributed to the contribution of rice starch in the mechanism of rice paste formation, in which decreasing starch in a rice flour sample, as a result of substituting with fractions of SRB, may have resulted in faster swelling of starch granules to the maximum extent and increased their susceptibility to be disrupted by shear, resulting in low paste viscosities. Results also suggested that protein structural integrity and the nature of starch–protein bonding affected rice flour pasting mechanism formation.
Comparison of Quality‐Related Alleles Among Australian and North American Wheat Classes Exported to Japan
Authors: Ikeda Tatsuya M. , Yanaka Mikiko , Takata Kanenori 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTGrain hardness, amylose content, and glutenin subunit composition are critical determinants for end‐use properties of wheat. To improve the end‐use properties of domestic wheats, we studied these traits between the Australian and North American wheat classes exported to Japan in 2009 and 2011 by analyzing the corresponding alleles. Most hard classes had Pina‐D1b or Pinb‐D1b. A partial waxy allele (Wx‐B1b) was found in all Australian Standard White (ASW) seeds in 2009 and two‐thirds of ASW seeds in 2011. All or most American hard wheat seeds had Glu‐D1d. Most U.S. Western White (WW) seeds had a null allele (Glu‐A1c) or alleles that lacked one of the two Glu‐B1 subunits. Most hard red winter (HRW) seeds had Glu‐B3b or Glu‐B3g. Quality characteristics of these classes seemed to be consistent with these results. In addition, we also found new Glu‐1 and Glu‐3 alleles in HRW and WW. These results suggested that although there are variations in its allelic composition from year to year, each class has unique quality‐related alleles corresponding to its end use. We proposed two matrices for classification of starch properties on the basis of Pin and Wx allelic combinations and for classification of gluten strength on the basis of glutenin allelic combinations.