bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive and physical symptoms of concussive injury in children: a detailed longitudinal recovery study
Authors: Crowe Louise , Collie Alex , Hearps Stephen , Dooley Julian , Clausen Helen , Maddocks David , McCrory Paul , Davis Gavin , Anderson Vicki 
Published: October 2015

BackgroundRecovery from concussion sustained in childhood and adolescence is poorly understood. We explored patterns of recovery for neurocognition and postconcussive symptoms following concussion in children and adolescents.MethodsUsing a prospective, longitudinal design, we collected baseline data on 728 children and adolescents aged 10–17 years. 10 participants sustained a concussive injury (n=10) in the 12 months following baseline testing and they were reviewed at day 5, 10 and 30 postconcussion. Assessments included the CogSport for Kids computerised test battery to evaluate neurocognitive function and self-report, and parent measures of postconcussive symptoms. At day 30, parents also completed measures rating their child's quality of life and executive functions.ResultsChildren and adolescents displayed a gradual reduction in postconcussive symptoms over the 30 days following injury. At day 5, 87% of participants were reporting physical and cognitive symptoms, with a generalised reduction in all symptoms by day 10 (40% of participants). On the computerised measure, reaction time was slower after concussion, but returned to baseline levels by day 30. At day 30, 10% of participants demonstrated ongoing postconcussive symptoms. Number of previous concussions was related to speed of symptom resolution.ConclusionsAt 5 days postconcussion, the majority of children and adolescents experienced debilitating postconcussive symptoms. However, by 30 days postinjury, 90% demonstrated recovery to normal for both neurocognition and postconcussive symptoms.
Bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin: a meta-analysis of patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Farag Mohamed , Gorog Diana A , Prasad Abhiram , Srinivasan Manivannan 
Published: October 2015

ObjectiveAcute coronary syndrome (ACS) encompasses ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), with generally high thrombus burden and non-ST segment elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS), with lower thrombus burden. In the setting of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ACS, bivalirudin appears superior to unfractionated heparin (UFH), driven by reduced major bleeding. Recent trials suggest that the benefit of bivalirudin may be reduced with use of transradial access and evolution in antiplatelet therapy. Moreover, a differential role of bivalirudin in ACS cohorts is unknown.MethodsA meta-analysis of randomised trials comparing bivalirudin and UFH in patients with ACS receiving PCI, with separate analyses in STEMI and NSTE-ACS groups. Overall estimates of treatment effect were calculated with random-effects model.ResultsIn 5 trials of STEMI (10 358 patients), bivalirudin increased the risk of acute stent thrombosis (ST) (OR 3.62; CI 1.95 to 6.74; p<0.0001) compared with UFH. Bivalirudin reduced the risk of major bleeding only when compared with UFH plus planned glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI) (OR 0.49; CI 0.36 to 0.67; p<0.00001). In 14 NSTE-ACS trials (25 238 patients), there was no difference between bivalirudin and UFH in death, myocardial infarction or ST. However, bivalirudin reduced the risk of major bleeding compared with UFH plus planned GPI (OR 0.52; CI 0.43 to 0.62; p<0.00001), or UFH plus provisional GPI (OR 0.68; CI 0.46 to 1.01; p=0.05). The reduction in major bleeding with bivalirudin was not related to vascular access site.ConclusionsBivalirudin increases the risk of acute ST in STEMI, but may confer an advantage over UFH in NSTE-ACS while undergoing PCI, reducing major bleeding without an increase in ST.
Analise da adesão às tendências da Ciência pelos repositórios institucionais brasileiros
Authors: Shintaku Milton , Duque Claudio , Suaiden Emir José 
Published: October 2015

<p class="normal">Repositórios institucionais tem se tornado o <em>locus</em> para depósito da produção acadêmica das universidades e institutos de pesquisa, tornando-se um instrumento valioso para a disseminação da informação científica. Entretanto, como ferramentas informatizadas, requerem constante atualização, vistos ao dinamismo tecnológico. Da mesma forma, por servir a disseminação da informação científica, deve estar em consonância com as tendências da ciência. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo visa levantar e analisar a adesão dos repositórios brasileiros em relação a: Dados Abertos; Arquivos Abertos; Acesso Aberto; Ciência Aberta; Curadoria Digital e e-science. Para tanto, faz uso de uma abordagem quantitativa, utilizando um <em>survey</em> com os gestores dos repositórios institucionais brasileiros. Revelou-se, assim, um cenário ainda incipiente, mas promissor na adesão às tendências da Ciência, em que a maior adesão dá-se ao Acesso Aberto. Assim, o presente estudo contribui para a discussão sobre os repositórios institucionais brasileiros.</p>
Histórias de vida: da educação para a comunicação
Authors: Oliveira Conceição 
Published: October 2015

<p>A historiadora, educadora, autora de coleções didáticas e ativista Conceição Oliveira define-se, acima de tudo, feminista e feminina. Nascida em Santos, de família de migrantes nordestinos, ela possui mais de vinte anos de experiência no magistério. Sua experiência com livros didáticos rendeu dois Prêmios Jabutis, na categoria “Didático e Paradidático Ensino Fundamental e Médio”, com as coleções “Paratodos-História” (Editora Scipione), em 2005, e “História em Projetos” (Editora Ática), em 2008. Inquieta com as adversidades do mundo contemporâneo, criou em 2004 o blog <em>Maria Frô</em>, onde analisa e discute jornalismo, política, culturas africanas e afro-brasileiras, entre outras paixões que são narradas neste depoimento.</p><div> </div>
O potencial significativo de games da educação: análise do Minecraft
Authors: Souza Luciana Coutinho Pagliarini de , Caniello Angelica 
Published: October 2015

<p>O presente artigo apresenta reflexões sobre o potencial significativo de games introduzidos no ambiente escolar como prática interdisciplinar. Para fins de análise, utilizamos os princípios de aprendizagem dos bons games, listados por Gee e delimitamos este estudo qualitativo na análise da linguagem de um game voltado para adolescentes que cursam o ensino fundamental II: ‘Minecraft’. Entre os resultados, destacamos que os games podem proporcionar diferentes tipos de experiência, aprendizagem e níveis de interação e ludicidade. A inserção de uma linguagem educacional (formal e informal) dialógica, lúdica, hipermidiática possibilita que o aluno seja um agente ativo do seu aprendizado, produtor e multiplicador de novos conhecimentos.<strong></strong></p><div><div><p> </p></div></div>
IMPACTO DAS IFRS NA ASSIMETRIA DE INFORMAÇÃO EVIDENCIADA NO MERCADO DE CAPITAIS BRASILEIRO
Authors: De Rezende Celso Vieira , Almeida Neirilaine Silva de , Lemes Sirlei 
Published: October 2015

<p>Este estudo tem o objetivo de verificar os impactos da adoção das <em>International Financial Reporting Standard</em> (IFRS) na assimetria informacional no mercado de capitais brasileiro por meio de uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem quantitativa e usando um levantamento de dados das empresas pertencentes ao Índice Bovespa (IBOVESPA) no período de 2008 a 2011. Utilizou-se regressão linear para verificar se a variação no <em>spread </em>de compra e venda era explicada pelas variáveis: nível de Governança Corporativa; divulgação de informações em consonância com as IFRS; negociação de <em>American Depositary Receipt </em>(ADR) na <em>New York Stock Exchange</em> (NYSE) e classificação como empresa <em>Blue Chips</em>. Verificou-se que apenas a adoção obrigatória das IFRS e o fato de a empresa ser considerada uma <em>Blue Chips </em>estavam relacionados com a redução da assimetria informacional nas empresas brasileiras abordadas na pesquisa.</p>
Epac1 Deficiency Attenuated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration and Neointimal Formation
Authors: Kato Yuko , Yokoyama Utako , Yanai Chiharu , Ishige Rina , Kurotaki Daisuke , Umemura Masanari , Fujita Takayuki , Kubota Tetsuo , Okumura Satoshi , Sata Masataka , Tamura Tomohiko , Ishikawa Yoshihiro 
Published: October 2015

Objective—
Vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration causes neointima, which is related to vascular remodeling after mechanical injury and atherosclerosis development. We previously reported that an exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac) 1 was upregulated in mouse arterial neointima and promoted SMC migration. In this study, we examined the molecular mechanisms of Epac1-induced SMC migration and the effect of Epac1 deficiency on vascular remodeling in vivo.

Approach and Results—

Platelet-derived growth factor-BB promoted a 2-fold increase in SMC migration in a primary culture of aortic SMCs obtained from Epac1
+/+
mice (Epac1
+/+
-ASMCs), whereas there was only a 1.2-fold increase in Epac1
−/−
-ASMCs. The degree of platelet-derived growth factor-BB–induced increase in intracellular Ca
2+
was smaller in Fura2-labeled Epac1
−/−
-ASMCs than in Epac1
+/+
-ASMCs. In Epac1
+/+
-ASMCs, an Epac-selective cAMP analog or platelet-derived growth factor-BB increased lamellipodia accompanied by cofilin dephosphorylation, which is induced by Ca
2+
signaling, whereas these effects were rarely observed in Epac1
−/−
-ASMCs. Furthermore, 4 weeks after femoral artery injury, prominent neointima were formed in Epac1
+/+
mice, whereas neointima formation was significantly attenuated in Epac1
−/−
mice in which dephosphorylation of cofilin was inhibited. The chimeric mice generated by bone marrow cell transplantation from Epac1
+/+
into Epac1
−/−
mice and vice versa demonstrated that the genetic background of vascular tissues, including SMCs rather than of bone marrow–derived cells affected Epac1-mediated neointima formation.

Conclusions—

These data suggest that Epac1 deficiency attenuates neointima formation through, at least in part, inhibition of SMC migration, in which a decrease in Ca
2+
influx and a suppression of cofilin-mediated lamellipodia formation occur.
Generation glands of cordylid lizards: mechanism of secretion transfer to the environment
Authors: de Villiers André , Mouton P. le Fras N. , Flemming Alexander 
Published: October 2015

Cordylid lizards possess two types of holocrine epidermal glands involved in chemical communication, femoral glands and generation glands. We investigated how the glandular products of generation glands are dispersed to the environment, as it is assumed in earlier studies that glandular material of cordylid generation glands is transferred to the substrate via abrasion, similar to the situation in femoral glands. By means of scanning electron microscopy, we established that the outer gland surfaces of adult Cordylus cordylus, Hemicordylus capensis and Pseudocordylus microlepidotus show only localized signs of wear and tear, indicative of a very low abrasion rate. Using standard histological techniques and light microscopy, we studied the appearance of multi-layer generation glands in a series of individuals of different ages in Cordylus macropholis. In this species, generation glands are already conspicuous in neonates. The significant relationship between SVL and the number of generation layers that we recorded for C. macropholis suggests that abrasion is not the routine method of dispersal of glandular material. We did record significant differences in cross-sectional area and height between the outer and inner layers of multi-layer generation glands of Cordylus macropholis, but this is more likely attributable to ‘desiccation’ of the outer layer, rather than abrasion. Although we found signs of abrasion in cordylid generation glands, these appear minor. Evidence seems to suggest that a substantial part of the mature glandular generations remains intact and that probably only a liquid/semi-liquid component is dispersed to the environment. More research is, however, needed to confirm this.
Aircraft Observations and Numerical Simulations of the Developing Stage of a Southerly Surge near Southern California
Authors: Parish Thomas R. , Rahn David A. , Leon Dave 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Summertime low-level winds in the marine boundary layer off the California coast are predominantly from the north. This pattern is interrupted periodically by southerly winds and low stratus that can propagate for hundreds of kilometers northward along the coast. These events have been termed coastally trapped disturbances, coastally trapped wind reversals, and southerly surges; their forcing has been the subject of extensive study and debate. Southerly surges remain difficult to forecast, yet have a significant impact on coastal activities.
The beginning stage of a southerly surge on 16 June 2012 was explored during the Precision Atmospheric Marine Boundary Layer Experiment. Measurements of the horizontal wind and pressure field in the marine layer offshore from Cape Arguello hours prior to the onset of the surge were made using the University of Wyoming King Air research aircraft. Airborne measurements show that a horizontal pressure field is established with higher pressure to the south just prior to the surge, supporting southerly ageostrophic winds and a south-to-north movement of marine stratus. Aircraft soundings and lidar returns confirm the existence of offshore flow of warm, continental air north of Point Arguello that alters the pressure field adjacent to the coast. The southerly surge originates near Point Arguello and propagates northward past San Francisco during the early morning hours on 17 June 2012. Results from the Weather Research and Forecasting Model are consistent with the King Air observations. Analyses and model output presented here confirm that the large-scale environment is critical to the initiation of these wind reversals.
Utility of Allergy Testing in Patients with Chronic Laryngopharyngeal Symptoms
Authors: Brook Christopher D. , Platt Michael P. , Reese Stephen , Noordzij J. Pieter 
Published: October 2015

ObjectiveTo determine the utility of allergy evaluation in patients with chronic refractory laryngeal symptoms.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingTertiary academic medical center.SubjectsAll patients who underwent in vitro allergy testing at a single institution from 2006 to 2010, for a total of 998 patients.MethodsCharts of patients who underwent in vitro allergy testing were identified. The charts were reviewed for the primary indication for allergy testing, as categorized into rhinitis complaints, chronic sinusitis, otitis media, and refractory laryngeal symptoms (globus, cough, throat clearing, increased secretions, and hoarseness). Results of allergy tests and comorbid conditions were analyzed and compared among groups.ResultsThe positive yield of allergy testing in patients with primary laryngeal indications was 51.8%, 63.3% for rhinitis, 60.9% for sinusitis, and 33.3% for otitis media. The odds ratio of having a positive test was not statistically different for patients with laryngeal symptoms, rhinitis, or sinusitis. Patients with chronic laryngeal symptoms and positive allergy testing were most often sensitized to dust mites (63%) and least often sensitized to molds (1.3%).ConclusionsAllergy testing in patients with chronic laryngeal symptoms yields positive results in equivalent proportion to patients with other common presenting symptoms. Dust mites sensitization is the most common sensitization in patients with allergic laryngitis.
Efficacy of raltegravir-containing regimens in antiretroviral-naïve and -experienced individuals in routine clinical practice
Authors: Jaeckle M , Khaykin P , Haberl A , De Leuw P , Schüttfort G , Stephan C , Wolf T 
Published: October 2015

Summary Raltegravir is one of the standard antiretroviral therapy (ART) options in treatment-experienced and -naïve patients. However, efficacy data from clinical practice are scarce. Therefore, the efficacy of raltegravir-containing ART in clinical practice was investigated retrospectively. In all, 295 treatment-naïve and -experienced patients were analysed using two different cut-offs for virological failure (200 or 50 copies/ml). The response at week 24 and onwards was evaluated as a ‘time to loss of virological response’ analysis and estimated as a survival function. Additionally, dual therapy regimens (raltegravir plus boosted protease inhibitor) were compared to standard combinations in experienced patients performing a snapshot analysis at weeks 24 and 48, as well as a time to loss of virological response analysis. A total of 86.2% of the 64 treatment-naïve patients maintained virological suppression using a cut-off of 200 copies/ml (c/ml), while 67.7% maintained virological suppression with a 50 copies/ml cut-off from week 24 until the end of observation. Among the 231 treatment-experienced patients, 84.8% maintained virological suppression from week 24 onwards using a cut-off of 200 copies/ml; and 71.0% using 50 copies/ml, respectively. In the subgroup snapshot analysis at week 24, 98.3% (86.7% using a cut-off of 50 copies/ml) and at week 48, 93.3% (80.0%) of patients responded to dual therapy. Patients who were receiving a standard background therapy responded in 88.3% (81.3%) at week 24 and in 86.0% (80.7%) at week 48. Differences were not significant. This study shows again the overall long-term efficacy of raltegravir-based ART and furthermore gives reference for a comparable efficacy of dual and standard nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitor–backbone regimens in experienced patients on raltegravir over a period of 48 weeks in a real-life cohort where patients with severe comorbidities were included.
Combination of paracetamol or ketamine with meperidine enhances antinociception
Authors: Kula A , Akkar OB , Gulturk S , Cetin M , Cetin A 
Published: October 2015

Objectives: Dealing with pain is one of the most important issues of medicine. All of the studies aim to find a drug or combination of drugs in order to have more effective analgesia and less side effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the antinociceptive effects of combination of paracetamol or ketamine with meperidine. Methods: In this study, we evaluated the systemic antinociceptive effects of meperidine, paracetamol, and ketamine one by one with their combinations. We used 50 mice (weighing 25–30 g), which were divided into 5 groups with each group consisting of 10 mice. Meperidine was applied to animals with increasing doses and their tail flick latencies (TFL) were noted at 20, 40, 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 min. The same protocol was repeated after the combination of meperidine with paracetamol or ketamine. Results: There was no analgesic effect on low doses of ketamine and paracetamol at TFL measurements. But the combination of low doses of these drugs with meperidine significantly increased TFL ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: It was observed that meperidine + ketamine and meperidine + paracetamol combinations have potent analgesic effect.
Medical Students’ Professionalism Narratives Reveal That Experiences With Death, Dying, or Palliative Care Are More Positive Than Other Experiences During Their Internal Medicine Clerkship
Authors: Cripe Larry D. , Hedrick David G. , Rand Kevin L. , Burns Debra , Banno Daniella , Cottingham Ann , Litzelman Debra , Hoffmann Mary L. , Martenyi Nora , PhD Richard M. Frankel 
Published: October 2015

Purpose: More physicians need to acquire the skills of primary palliative care. Medical students’ clerkship experiences with death, dying, and palliative care (DDPC), however, may create barriers to learning such skills during residency. Whether professional development is differentially affected by DDPC is unknown. This knowledge gap potentially hinders the development of educational strategies to optimize students’ preparedness for primary palliative care. Method: Third-year students submitted professionalism narratives (N = 4062) during their internal medicine clerkship between 2004 and 2011. We identified DDPC-related narratives and then randomly selected control narratives. Narratives were compared by valence (positive or negative) and professionalism-related themes. Results and Conclusion: Less than 10% of the narratives were related to DDPC, but the majority was positive. There was a significant overlap in professionalism themes between DDPC and control narratives. The results suggest student preparedness for primary palliative care may be improved by addressing the common professionalism challenges of clinical clerkships.
Neuroimaging evaluation in refractory epilepsy
Authors: Granados Ana M , Orejuela Juan F , Rodriguez-Takeuchi Sara Y 
Published: October 2015

Purpose To describe the application of neuroimaging analysis, compared to neuropsychological tests and video-electroencephalogram, for the evaluation of refractory epilepsy in a reference centre in Cali, Colombia. Methods Between March 2013 and November 2014, 29 patients, 19 men and 10 women, aged 9–65 years and with refractory epilepsy, were assessed by structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing tasks related to language, verbal and non-verbal memory. Also, volumetric evaluation was performed. A 1.5 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanner was used in all cases. Results Neuroimaging evaluation identified 13 patients with mesial temporal sclerosis. The remaining patients were classified as: 10 patients with neoplastic masses, two patients with cortical atrophy, two patients with scarring lesions and two patients with non-structural aetiology. Among patients with mesial temporal sclerosis, comparison between techniques for lateralising the epileptogenic foci was made; the κ index between functional magnetic resonance imaging and hippocampi volumetry was κ = 1.00, agreement between neuroimaging and video-electroencephalogram was good (κ = 0.78) and comparison with a neuropsychological test was mild (κ = 0.24). Conclusions Neuroimaging studies allow the assessment of functional and structural damage related to epileptogenic lesions and foci, and are helpful to select surgical treatment, conduct intraoperative neuronavigation techniques, predict surgical deficits and evaluate patient recovery.
Final infarct volume discriminates outcome in mild strokes
Authors: Vagal Achala S , Sucharew Heidi , Prabhakaran Shyam , Khatri Pooja , Jovin Tudor , Michel Patrik , Wintermark Max 
Published: October 2015

Introduction Knowledge of whether final infarct volume (FIV) predicts disability after mild stroke is limited. We sought to determine if FIV could differentiate good versus poor outcome after mild stroke. Methods We retrospectively identified 65 patients with mild stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale ≤5) in a multicenter registry of 2453 patients. We evaluated associations between FIV and clinical outcome and evaluated the optimal FIV threshold that discriminated favorable (modified Rankin scale (mRS) 0–1) versus poor (mRS 2–6) outcome. Results The FIV cut-point of 20 mL differentiated favorable and poor outcomes (area under curve (AUC) 0.73, 95% confidence interval: 0.58–0.88). Favorable outcome was observed in 37/45 (82%) with FIV < 20 mL, compared to 5/14 (36%) with FIV ≥ 20 mL ( p < 0.01). FIV ≥ 20 mL remained strongly associated with poor outcome independent of age, gender, stroke severity, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS), and proximal arterial occlusion. Conclusion In our small sample size, an FIV of 20 mL best differentiated between the likelihood of good versus poor outcome in patients with mild stroke. Further validation of infarct volume as a surrogate marker in mild stroke is warranted.