bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Specific Thrombin Inhibitor, Argatroban, Alleviates Herpes Zoster‐associated Pain
Authors: Fujii Kimio , Kanno Yuko , Konishi Kenji , Ohgou Noriko 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe report the result of a randomized, controlled, open trial of anti‐thrombin therapy for herpes zoster‐associated pain. Fifty‐five herpes zoster patients within 8 days after the onset of skin lesion were enrolled in the trial. Patients were treated with an optimal dose of oral acyclovir (4000 mg/day for 7 days) with or without intravenous administration of a specific anti‐thrombin agent, argatroban (10 mg/day, three times a week). Administration of argatroban reduced pain intensity at the 4th through 21st day after the initiation of treatment as determined by visual analogue scale (Mann‐Whitney U test, p<0.05). It also shortened the median time to cessation of analgesic use (14 days vs. 24 days, p=0.02, logrank test), although it did not significantly reduce the median time to cessation of pain (21 days vs. 43 days, p=0.07, logrank test). None of the enrolled patients showed evidence of adverse effects including hemorrhagic diathesis. The results suggested that relatively low doses of argatroban are effective in reducing herpes zoster‐associated pain. Up‐regulation of prothrombin expression by the vascular endothelial and sweat gland epithelial cells in the active skin lesion and transient elevation of plasma thrombin‐antithrombin III complex levels in a proportion of patients suggest a lesional generation of thrombin in herpes zoster. This may be relevant to the beneficial effects of the anti‐thrombin treatment on the resolution of herpes zoster‐associated pain.
A Suspected Case of Primary Cutaneous Actinomycosis on the Buttock
Authors: Sardana Kabir , Mendiratta Vibhu , Sharma Ravi C. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPrimary cutaneous actinomycosis is rare and can mimic mycetoma, tuberculosis and nocardiosis. The results of cultures (aerobic and anaerobic) are not always positive. A high degree of clinical suspicion should be entertained and a combination regimen of penicillins with sulphonamides should be used for treatment. We report a patient with primary cutaneous actinomycosis over the buttock, who was successfully treated with amoxycillin and sulphonamides.
Stanozolol in Chronic Urticaria: A Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial
Authors: Parsad Davinder , Pandhi Roma , Juneja Archana 
Published: July 2014

AbstractH1‐type antihistamines drugs are mainstays in the management of chronic urticaria. For patients with refractory, chronic, idiopathic urticaria who have failed to benefit from conventional therapy, other safe therapeutic modalities are required. To evaluate the role of stanozolol as an adjunctive therapeutic agent with H1‐antihistamine in refractory chronic idiopathic urticaria, we conducted this study. Fifty‐eight patients with chronic refractory urticaria were enrolled in this trial and were randomly assigned to two groups (A and B). Patients in group A received 2 mg stanozolol twice daily along with cetrizine 10 mg daily. Patients in group B received cetrizine 10 mg daily and placebo tablets twice daily. The improvement was monitored by estimation of severity score. Of the 58 patients, 26 in group A and 24 in group B could be evaluated. At the end of 12 weeks, 17 patients in group A showed marked to complete resolution as compared to 7 patients in group B (chi‐square p<0.01). The intention to treat analysis p value was a found to be <0.007. There was a highly significant decrease in mean severity score at 12 weeks (p<0.001) in group A patients. The present study demonstrated that stanozolol is an effective and safe adjuvant therapy for treatment of chronic refractory urticaria.
Decreased Total Numbers of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes with Elevated Percentages of CD4+CD45RO+ and CD4+CD25+ of T‐Helper Cells in Non‐Segmental Vitiligo
Authors: Mahmoud Fadia , Abul Habib , Haines David , Al‐Saleh Casem , Khajeji Mehdi , Whaley Keith 
Published: July 2014

AbstractVitiligo is a disorder involving progressive skin depigmentation caused by host mediated destruction of melanocytes. Its pathogenesis is known to correlate with elevated levels of activated skin‐infiltrating T lymphocytes and is presumed to be autoimmune in nature. In the present study, we characterize the immunophenotype of peripheral blood T cells from vitiligo patients, with the objective of developing an investigative and diagnostic tool for the disease, using analysis of peripheral blood. Subjects for this investigation included 32 patients diagnosed with non‐segmental vitiligo and 28 age‐and gender‐matched, normal, healthy control participants. Whole venous blood taken from each subject was analyzed using 2‐color flow cytometry for immunologically‐relevant lymphocyte subsets. When compared with healthy control subjects, peripheral blood from individuals with vitiligo was found to have lower total numbers of lymphocytes (p<0.039). Vitiligo patients also had elevated percentages of memory (CD4+CD45RO+) T cells; (p<0.05), but NK‐T cells (CD3+CD16+CD56+) and naive T cells (CD4+CD45RA+) were present at lower total numbers and percentages than in healthy controls (p<0.01 and 0.05 respectively). Blood from severely afflicted subjects exhibited elevated CD3+HLADR+ and CD4+CD45RO+ as well as lower percentages of NK‐T cells (p<0.05) when compared with mild cases. In conclusion, disease‐associated, peripheral blood lymphocyte immunophenotypic profiles of vitiligo patients are consistent with the hypothesis of T cell activation as a major feature of the disorder. These include elevated memory and reduced naive T cell percentages and increased expression of the activation‐associated surface antigen CD25. These changes presumably reflect increased antigen‐mediated activation. Moreover, because a corollary effect is increased activation‐induced cell death (AICD), lower overall lymphocyte counts observed in vitiligo‐afflicted subjects is also expected.
Actions of Gluco‐Oligosaccharide against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Akiyama Hisanori , Oono Takashi , Huh Wook Kang , Yamasaki Osamu , Akagi Yukie , Uemura Hideto , Yamada Tetsumasa , Iwatsuki Keiji 
Published: July 2014

AbstractHeavy colonization of atopic dermatitis (AD) with Staphylococcus aureus is well documented. The purpose of the present study is to examine the actions of gluco‐oligosaccharide (G‐OS) against S. aureus for the control of AD skin lesions infected with S. aureus. The colony counts of S. aureus cells in 0.5% sodium chloride solution supplemented with 5% G‐OS (pH 4.8) were about 10‐fold lower than those in 0.5% sodium chloride solution (pH 6.6; control) after incubation for 24 hours. The colony counts of S. aureus cells attached on the coverslips (pre‐treatment with 1% and 5% G‐OS/PBS and following treatment with plasma) were about 10‐fold lower than those on the coverslips (pre‐treatment with PBS and following treatment with plasma; control) in PBS after incubation for 24 hours. The materials (sugars, probably glycocalyx) that stained positively for fluorescein‐isothiocyanate (FITC) ‐concanavalin A and were consistent with the presence of S. aureus cells were reduced when S. aureus cells attached to the coverslips treated with 5% G‐OS. In conclusion, G‐OS is a promising agent that can be applied topically in a cream to clear adherent S. aureus cells from skin lesions of AD in order to prevent its exacerbation. Further, 5% G‐OS can inhibit glycocalyx production by S. aureus cells and consequently have some suppressive effect on the colonization of S. aureus on the horny cells of AD lesions.
Notalgia Paresthetica with a Significant Increase in the Number of Intradermal Nerves
Authors: Inaloz H. Serhat , Kirtak Necmettin , Erguven H. Gulcin , Karakok Metin , Inaloz Serap S. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractNotalgia paresthetica is an isolated mononeuropathy involving the skin over or near the scapula. The cause remains unknown. We histologically observed a significant increase in the number of dermal nerves in a case of notalgia paresthetica. Immunohistochemical examination using a neural marker, S‐100, positively stained the nerves. Interestingly, a biopsy from perilesional skin also showed an abnormal nerve proliferation.
Patch Testing in Discoid Eczema
Authors: Khurana Sandeep , Jain V.K. , Aggarwal Kamal , Gupta Sanjeev 
Published: July 2014

AbstractFifty patients of both sexes with clinically suspected discoid eczema were patch tested with the Indian Standard Patch Test Battery approved by the Contact and Occupational Dermatosis Forum of India (CODFI). Most of these patients were young adults between 20 and 39 years old, with a mean age of 36 years. The mean duration of symptoms was 2 1/2 years. The occupational profiles of the patients included farmers (24%), housewives (18%), students (14%), housewives engaged in farming (12%), shopkeepers (10%), and laborers (8%). The miscellaneous group, including technicians, drivers, cable operators, office workers, and computer operators, accounted for the remaining 14%. The common clinical patterns of presentation of discoid eczema included hands and feet (44%), hands and forearms' (30%), legs and feet (12%) and trunk and limbs (12%). Patch test analysis of these patients revealed that, out of the 50 subjects tested, 28 (56%) reacted to one or more allergens. Potassium dichromate was the most common allergen (20%), followed by nickel (16%), cobalt chloride, and fragrance (12% each) in decreasing order of frequency. Hence, it may be concluded that patch testing should be considered for all patients with severe or persistent discoid eczema because allergic contact dermatitis may be relatively common in such patients and the avoidance of offending allergens may be of substantial benefit to the patients.
A Case of Primary Cutaneous Histoplasmosis in a Patient with Diabetes and Multi‐Infarct Dementia
Authors: Krunic Aleksandar L. , Carag Henry , Medenica Maria M. , Lorincz Allan L. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe report a case of primary cutaneous histoplasmosis in a fifty‐year‐old African‐American woman with diabetes and multi‐infarct dementia. The patient developed fever and crusted, nodulo‐ulcerative lesions of the skin after accidental superficial trauma to the forehead. The biopsy revealed suppurative granulomatous inflammation with intracellular and extracellular yeast‐like cells with associated clear halo measuring 3–4 μm in size. Systemic involvement was not found. The lesions cleared after treatment with itraconazole 200 mg twice a day for 3 weeks. The medication was continued for a total period of 3 months, with no signs of recurrence after one‐year of follow‐up.
Short‐Term Etretinate Therapy for Prurigo Chronica Multiformis
Authors: Fujii Kimio , Kanno Yuko , Konishi Kenji , Ohgou Noriko 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPrurigo chronica multiformis is an intensely pruritic, chronic cutaneous disorder of unknown etiology without any effective treatment. This is a report on the results of using etretinate therapy to treat prurigo chronica multiformis. Thirty‐seven patients (average age; 69.1 ± 11.5 year‐old) were treated with 30 mg/day etretinate along with topical steroids (very strong classes) and oral antihistamines. Etretinate was discontinued as soon as remission was achieved. Thirty‐six patients were followed up for at least four weeks. The number of patients who achieved remission increased progressively after the initiation of etretinate therapy; 18 patients were totally and 14 were partially free of active skin lesions within four weeks. Eventually, 27 patients achieved remission with an average duration of 4.4 ± 3.1 weeks etretinate treatment (range; 1–14 weeks), and five achieved partial remission. Four patients discontinued etretinate within two weeks because of the absence of clinical response (two cases) or exacerbation of the skin lesion (two cases). Among the 27 patients who had achieved remission, 23 had recurrence after the cessation of etretinate. The remission period ranged from 1 to 32 weeks with an average duration of 5.7 ± 6.7 weeks. Combined treatment with topical steroids and oral antihistamines did not achieve remission in the recurrent cases but re‐administration of 30 mg/day etretinate did. Our observation suggests that a moderate dose of etretinate is a safe and effective therapy for prurigo chronica multiformis, which is often resistant to conventional treatment using topical steroids and oral antihistamines.
Palisaded and Verocay Body Prominent Leiomyoma of Deep Soft Tissue
Authors: Lee Mi Woo , Choi Jee‐Ho , Sung Kyung‐Jeh , Moon Kee‐Chan , Koh Jai‐Kyoung 
Published: July 2014

AbstractLeiomyoma of deep soft tissue is a very rare tumor, which is sometimes confused with leiomyosarcoma, histopathologically. We describe a case of palisaded and Verocay‐body prominent leiomyoma of deep soft tissue. The lesion was characterized by areas of nuclear palisading with Verocay‐body like formation in addition to the features of leiomyoma.
Ocular Scrofuloderma with Unilateral Proptosis
Authors: Sardana Kabir , Koranne R. V. , Langan Usha , Sharma R. C. , Bhatnagar Shishir Kumar 
Published: July 2014

AbstractProptosis due to an extraconal orbital abscess of tubercular origin with lacrimal gland involvement, representing ocular scrofuloderma, is a rare entity. This association has not been reported earlier in the literature. We describe a 7‐year‐old boy who presented with nodulo‐ulcerative lesions of tubercular etiology with discharging sinuses on right side of the face and a similar lesion on the right lower eyelid along with proptosis of 4 months duration. Computerized tomography (CT) scan of the head confirmed the extraconal, intraorbital, hyperdense, homogeneously enhancing mass separated from the lateral rectus muscle and further revealed involvement of lacrimal gland along with erosion of the temporal bone. The patient showed marked improvement of his dermatological and ophthalmological lesions with anti‐tubercular treatment. Subsequent ultrasound examinations of the orbit revealed regression in the size of the abscess from 10.7 mm to 5.0 mm and then complete disappearance of the abcess obviating surgical intervention.
A Case of Multiple Disseminated Eruptive Spitz Nevi
Authors: Rim Jong‐Hyun , Won Chong‐Hyun , Lee Jong‐Suk , Cho Kwang‐Hyun 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSpitz nevus is usually a solitary lesion. However, multiple Spitz nevi do arise and can be divided into two variants, agminated (grouped) or disseminated. We report an interesting case of multiple disseminated eruptive Spitz nevi with an unusual feature. The apperance of most of the nevi resembled that of melanocytic nevi, and clinically it was impossible to distinguish these multiple disseminated eruptive Spitz nevi from eruptive melanocytic one.
Hyperpigmentation Due to Pyrimethamine Use
Authors: Ozturk Recep , Engin Aynur , Ozaras Resat , Mert Ali , Tabak Fehmi , Aktuĝlu Yildirim 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPyrimethamine is used for the treatment of toxoplasmosis and the prophylaxis of malaria. Among the well‐documented side effects are megaloblastic anemia, leukopenia, thrombopenia, rash, vomiting, and diarrhea. Hyperpigmentation is a very rare side effect. In some patients, associated HIV infection makes it difficult to distinguish the reasons for the etiology. We herein describe an HIV‐negative patient who developed hyperpigmentation after pyrimethamine use.
Immediate and Delayed‐type Reactions in Caterpillar Dermatitis
Authors: Natsuaki Masaru 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe mechanism of dermatitis induced by Euproctis caterpillars has not been fully clarified, although mechanical stimulation by the spicules as well as chemical irritation by venomous components from spicules have been suggested to be involved. In this study, skin tests using venomous spicules and the venomous extract from the caterpillar of E. pseudoconspersa were carried out on a subject. The test site developed both immediate and delayed‐type reactions. Next, the crude extract was separated into 8 fractions (No. 1–8) using gel filtration HPLC, and a skin test using each fraction was performed in the same subject. The result showed that only fraction No. 3 caused reactions similar to those in crude venom extract. Then skin tests using the crude venom and fraction No. 3 were performed in 10 healthy volunteers. The skin reaction caused by crude venom was similar to that caused by fraction No. 3 in each subject. Two volunteers showed neither immediate nor delayed‐type reactions, 4 volunteers showed a delayed‐type reaction, and the other 4 showed both immediate and delayed‐type reactions. These results indicate that allergic reactions against venom released by the spicules play a role in the induction of dermatitis by E. pseudoconspersa caterpillars. Variations in the clinical course of individual patients may be attributable to differences in the state of sensitization to the venomous components.
A Novel Liposomal Formulation of Dithranol for Psoriasis: Preliminary Results
Authors: Agarwal Ravindra , Saraswat Abir , Kaur Inderjeet , Katare Om Prakash , Kumar Bhushan 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe have prepared a novel, aqueous gel‐based, liposome‐entrapped formulation of dithranol. Herein, we report preliminary observations on its efficacy, tolerability, and cosmetic acceptability in treating stable plaque psoriasis. Nineteen plaques of psoriasis in nine adult patients were treated for six weeks in a prospective, open‐label trial. In five patients, there was total clearance of lesions, with more than 50% subsidence in a further two patients. Significantly, there were no reports of lesional or perilesional irritation, and only one patient showed faint brown staining of the skin, which was completely and rapidly reversible. These preliminary results indicate that our liposomal dithranol gel has potential advantages over presently available preparations of dithranol; these may translate into enhanced acceptance of this useful drug by patients and physicians.
Cutaneous Toxicity of Chemical Irritants on Hairless Guinea Pigs
Authors: Sueki Hirohiko , Kligman Albert M. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTo evaluate the toxicity of irritant chemicals on animal skin, investigators have frequently had to apply high concentrations, owing to the fact that its susceptibility is less than that of human skin. High concentrations are so damaging to tissue that specific effects are obscured on the various layers. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the effects of a variety of irritating chemicals on the skin of hairless guinea pigs. Graded concentrations of these irritating substances were applied to the back for varying periods. Histologic changes were analyzed by light and electron microscopy. The structural alterations varied greatly among the chemicals, reflecting quite different mechanisms of action. Hairless guinea pigs are quite susceptible to chemical injury, especially to their hair follicles and dermal components. The hairless guinea pig appears to be an advantageous model to assess the acute and chronic effects of chemical irritants.
Three Cases of ‘Mechanic's Hands’ Associated with Interstitial Pneumonia: Possible Involvement with Foot Lesions
Authors: Shibuya Hiromi , Arakawa Shoko , Kai Yoshitaka , Hatano Yutaka , Okamoto Osamu , Takayasu Susumu , Fujiwara Sakuhei 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe describe three cases of the rare combination of lateral erythema and hyperkeratosis of the fingers that typify a condition known as ‘Mechanic's Hands’. The first and the third cases were unusual in that the condition was associated with cutaneous involvement of the feet and interstitial pneumonia but not with myositis, or with only mild muscular involvement, while the second case was typical, being accompanied by myositis and detectable antibodies against histidyl transferase. We propose that Mechanic's Hands can occur in association with foot lesions and interstitial pneumonia, even if it is not accompanied by myositis.
Treatment of Bullous Pemphigoid
Authors: Fontaine Juliette , Joly Pascal , Roujeau Jean‐Claude 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most frequent auto‐immune blistering skin disease. Up to recently, it was treated with oral corticosteroids. High dose steroids are poorly tolerated in the elderly and probably contributed to the high mortality rates observed in several cohorts. For years, efforts have been devoted to looking for steroid sparing agents including immunosuppressive drugs, plasma exchanges, intravenous immunoglobulins, tetracycline. Many seemed useful in open series but proved ineffective or marginally effective when tested in randomized controlled trials. An important breakthrough was the demonstration by a large randomized trial that a “super‐potent” topical corticosteroid (clobetasol propionate) was not only associated with a significant decrease in severe complications and mortality of BP patients but was also more effective than oral prednisone. New strategies for BP should include topical clobetasol propionate as the first line treatment and consider adjuvant therapy only in the very rare cases that are either resistant to or intolerant of this treatment.
Role of Neutralizing Antibody in the Pathogenesis of Zoster and the Correlation of Severity with Anti‐gE: gI Antibody Response
Authors: Matsuo Koma , Honda Mariko , Shiraki Kimiyasu 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAntibody response to varicella‐zoster virus glycoproteins and neutralizing antibodies were examined to correlate them with the severity of the zoster. Antibody rise to whole viral antigen was observed in 17 of 19 patients, that to gE: gI was not increased in 7 patients, and antibody to gE: gI in severe cases was significantly lower compared with mild cases in the convalescent phase than in the acute phase (p<0.05 Fisher's exact test). Antibody rise to gE: gI was well correlated with limited development of zoster lesions and, in contrast, antibody titer without rise was associated with increased severity and wider development of zoster lesions. As gE is the most abundant glycoprotein in the infected cells, the antibodies may be consumed in severe and widespread lesions, resulting in an antibody response to gE: gI without a rise. When the ratio of neutralizing antibody to anti‐gE: gI antibody titers in the acute phase was compared with that in the recovery phase, the former was significantly lower in the severe cases than the latter (p=0.0082 Student t‐test). This suggested that neutralizing antibody was specifically consumed in the acute phase of zoster among the anti‐VZV antibodies. The role of humoral immunity in the pathogenesis of zoster might have been reflected in the antibody response to the neutralizing antibody in the acute phase and antibody to gE: gI in the severe cases.
A Case of Syringocystadenocarcinoma Papilliferum In situ Occurring Partially in Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum
Authors: Arai Yasuhiro , Kusakabe Hidenari , Kiyokane Kimihiro 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe report a case of syringocystadenocarcinoma papilliferum in situ associated with syringocystadenoma papilliferum. The patient was a 64‐year‐old man with a red tumor that arose on top of his head two years before he consulted our department. The histological findings revealed a papillomatous growth on the epidermis forming several invaginations. Numerous papillary projections, lined by a two‐layered epithelium with a benign appearance and decapitations on the luminal surface of the cells, extended into the lumens of the invaginations. Some projections showed a disorderly arrangement of multilayered cells with atypical nuclei. No differences between findings in the syringocystadenocarcinoma papilliferum in situ and those in the syringocystadenoma papilliferum were observed histochemically (PAS) or immunohistochemically (cytokeratin, CEA, CA 19–9, S‐100, gross cystic disease fluid protein, lysozyme and Leu M1).