bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning-to-be in two vocationally-oriented higher education degrees
Authors: Pollard Vikki , Vincent Andrew , Wilson Emily 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to explore the pedagogical approach of two higher education programmes aiming to develop both discipline-specific and key employability skills in graduates.Design/methodology/approach– This paper presents two case studies of degree programs in the broad field of the creative industries and focusses on the innovative pedagogy adopted based on a “learning to be” approach (McWilliam, 2008).Findings– The two case studies describe a different type of pedagogy taken up at one mixed-sector institution over two degree programs. The degrees offered within this institution are recognised as being vocationally oriented yet productive of the higher-order skills expected of degree programs. The case studies illustrate this through a pedagogy designed to orientate the students towards the development of a sense of identity whilst also placing them within the broader professional context of the discipline.Practical implications– The paper has practical implications for educators in the field and points towards the need to consider the broader professional context of the students in the course design and review phases of programmes in the creative industries.Originality/value– It is hoped the findings will be useful to educators and curriculum developers in other creative industries’ higher education programs with a vocational orientation to inform future course design, review and planning.
The Physical University: Contours of space and place in higher education
Authors: Haggans Michael 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to present an extended book review of “The Physical University”.Design/methodology/approach– This article takes the form of a literature review focusing on one title.Findings– This is an uneven collection of fragments of conventional late twentieth-century thinking about the physical campus. The future of the physical university, the campus is in doubt. Yet, only two of the dozen authors engage in this existential question.Originality/value– The collection of articles ranges from purely philosophical to moderately practical. It is a poor summary of current thought and offers little guidance for dealing with the evolving future of the physical university.
Demographic mechanisms of inbreeding adjustment through extra‐pair reproduction
Authors: Reid Jane M. , Duthie A. Bradley , Wolak Matthew E. , Arcese Peter 
Published: February 2015

SummaryOne hypothesis explaining extra‐pair reproduction is that socially monogamous females mate with extra‐pair males to adjust the coefficient of inbreeding (f) of extra‐pair offspring (EPO) relative to that of within‐pair offspring (WPO) they would produce with their socially paired male. Such adjustment of offspringfrequires non‐random extra‐pair reproduction with respect to relatedness, which is in turn often assumed to require some mechanism of explicit pre‐copulatory or post‐copulatory kin discrimination.We propose three demographic processes that could potentially cause meanfto differ between individual females'EPOandWPOgiven random extra‐pair reproduction with available males without necessarily requiring explicit kin discrimination. Specifically, such a difference could arise if social pairings formed non‐randomly with respect to relatedness or persisted non‐randomly with respect to relatedness, or if the distribution of relatedness between females and their sets of potential mates changed during the period through which social pairings persisted.We used comprehensive pedigree and pairing data from free‐living song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) to quantify these three processes and hence investigate how individual females could adjust mean offspringfthrough instantaneously random extra‐pair reproduction.Female song sparrows tended to form social pairings with unrelated or distantly related males slightly less frequently than expected given random pairing within the defined set of available males. Furthermore, social pairings between more closely related mates tended to be more likely to persist across years than social pairings between less closely related mates. However, these effects were small and the mean relatedness between females and their sets of potential extra‐pair males did not change substantially across the years through which social pairings persisted.Our framework and analyses illustrate how demographic and social structuring within populations might allow females to adjust meanfof offspring through random extra‐pair reproduction without necessarily requiring explicit kin discrimination, implying that adjustment of offspringfmight be an inevitable consequence of extra‐pair reproduction. New theoretical and empirical studies are required to explore the general magnitude of such effects and quantify the degree to which they could facilitate or constrain long‐term evolution of extra‐pair reproduction.
Limited risks of major congenital anomalies in children of mothers with coeliac disease: a population‐based cohort study
Authors: Ban L , West J , Abdul Sultan A , Dhalwani NN , Ludvigsson JF , Tata LJ 
Published: February 2015

ObjectiveTo examine major congenital anomaly (CA) risks in children of mothers with coeliac disease (CD) compared with mothers withoutCD.DesignPopulation‐based cohort study.SettingLinked maternal–child medical records from a large primary care database from theUK.PopulationA total of 562 332 live singletons of mothers with and withoutCDin 1990–2013.MethodsWe calculated the absolute majorCArisks in children whose mothers hadCD, and whether this was diagnosed or undiagnosed before childbirth. Logistic regression with a generalised estimating equation was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) forCAs associated withCD.Main outcome measuresFourteen system‐specific majorCAgroups classified according to theEuropeanSurveillance ofCongenitalAnomalies and neural tube defects (NTDs).ResultsMajorCArisk in 1880 children of mothers withCDwas 293 per 10 000 liveborn singletons, similar to the risk in those withoutCD(282; aOR0.98, 95%CI0.74–1.30). The risk was slightly higher in 971 children, whose mothers were undiagnosed (350; aOR1.14, 95%CI0.79–1.64), than in 909 children whose mothers were diagnosed (231; aOR0.80, 95%CI0.52–1.24). There was a three‐fold increase in nervous system anomalies in the children of mothers with undiagnosedCD(aOR2.98, 95% CI1.06–8.33, based on five exposed cases and one had anNTD), and these women were all diagnosed withCDat least 4 years after their children were born.ConclusionsThere was no statistically significant increase in risk of majorCAs in children of mothers with coeliac disease overall, compared with the general population.
Efficacy of intensity‐modulated radiotherapy for resected thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Wencheng , Liu Xiao , Xiao Zefen , Wang Lvhua , Zhang Hongxing , Chen Dongfu , Zhou Zongmei , Feng Qinfu , Hui Zhouguang , Liang Jun , Yin Weibo , He Jie 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the clinical use of intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) of esophageal cancer; therefore, we retrospectively investigated the clinical value of postoperative IMRT among resected thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (TESCC) patients.MethodsWe enrolled a total of 228 patients with resected TESCC who underwent IMRT between January 2004 and June 2009 in the study. PORT was applied via IMRT with a median total dose of 60 Gy. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to calculate survival rates, and a log‐rank test was used for univariate analysis. The Cox proportional model was used for multivariate analysis.ResultsThe one, three, and five‐year overall survival rates of all patients were 89.9%, 56.7%, and 45.1%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that significant prognostic factors included Union for International Cancer Control 2002 stage, lymphatic metastasis, number of metastatic lymph nodes, the degree of metastatic lymph nodes, the degree of differentiation, and vascular tumor thrombus (P < 0.05). Treatment failure occurred in 98 (45.2%) patients because of recurrence or metastases. Early reactions were observed at rates of 18.0% for radiation esophagitis and 5.7% for radiation pneumonitis more than grade 2. Late side effects included anastomotic stenosis (1.3%) and gastrointestinal bleeding (3.1%).ConclusionsThe postoperative prophylactic IMRT of TESCC provided a favorable local control rate and acceptable toxicity.
Responses of fruit flies (Tephritidae:Dacinae) to novel male attractants in northQueensland,Australia, and improved lures for some pest species
Authors: Royer Jane E 
Published: February 2015

AbstractMale fruit fly attractants, cue‐lure and methyl eugenol (ME), have been successfully used for the last 50 years in the monitoring and control ofDacini fruit flies (BactroceraandDacusspecies). However, over 50% ofDacini are non‐responsive to either lure, including some pest species. A new lure, zingerone, has been found to weakly attract cue‐ andME‐responsive species inMalaysia. InAustralia it attracted a weakly cue‐responsive minor pestBactrocera jarvisi(Tryon) and three ‘non‐responsive’ species. Similar compounds were tested inQueensland and attracted cue‐ andME‐responsive species and two ‘non‐responsive’ species. In this study, 14 novel compounds, including raspberry ketone formate (RKF) (Melolure) and zingerone, were field tested in comparison with cue‐lure andMEat 17 sites in northQueensland. The most attractive novel lures were isoeugenol, methyl‐isoeugenol, dihydroeugenol and zingerone. Several ‘non‐responsive’ species responded to the new lures:Bactrocera halfordiae(Tryon), a species of some market access concern, was most attracted to isoeugenol;B. barringtoniae(Tryon),B. bidentata(May) andB. murrayi(Perkins) responded to isoeugenol, methyl‐isoeugenol and dihydroeugenol; two new species ofDacusresponded to zingerone.Bactrocera kraussi(Hardy), a cue‐responsive minor pest in northQueensland, was significantly more attracted to isoeugenol than cue‐lure. The cue‐responsiveD. absonifacies(May) andD. secamoneae Drew were significantly more attracted to zingerone than cue‐lure.Bactrocera yorkensis Drew &Hancock, aME‐responsive species was significantly more attracted to isoeugenol, methyl‐isoeugenol and dihydroeugenol thanME. The preferential response toRKFor cue‐lure was species specific. Six species were significantly more attracted toRKF, including the pestsB. tryoni(Froggatt),B. frauenfeldi(Schiner) and minor pestB. bryoniae(Tryon); eight species were significantly more attracted to cue‐lure including the pestB. neohumeralis(Hardy). These findings have significance in the search for optimal male lures for pest species elsewhere in the world.
Can QT/RR Relationship Differentiate between Low‐ and High‐Risk Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
Authors: Quinteiro Ricardo A. , Biagetti Marcelo O. , Fernandez Adrian , Borzone Francisco R. , Gargano Agustina , Casabe Horacio J. 
Published: February 2015

BackgroundAbnormal dynamicity of repolarization is considered to be a marker of myocardial vulnerability contributing to increased risk of arrhythmic events and sudden death. However, little is known about QT dynamics in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).In this study, we aimed to evaluate ventricular repolarization by QT dynamicity in patients with HCM, focusing on its value to define if it is able to differentiate among low‐ and high‐risk HCM patients.MethodsThe linear regression slopes of the QT interval, measured to the apex and to the end of the T wave plotted against RR intervals (QTapex/RR and QTend/RR slopes, respectively) were calculated from 24‐hour Holter recordings using a standard algorithm in 36 HCM patients and 64 control subjects.ResultsQTapex/RR and QTend/RR slopes were significantly steeper in the HCM patients in contrary to healthy control subjects (QTapex/RR = 0.22 + 0.08 vs 0.20 + 0.05, P = 0.0367; QTend/RR = 0.25 + 0.10 vs 0.20 + 0.06, P = 0.023). Moreover, the slopes of QTend/RR and QTapex/RR of high‐risk patients were significantly steeper than those of control subjects while no significant differences were found among low‐risk HCM patients and control subjects and only QTe/RR of high‐risk patients was significantly different between low‐ and high‐risk HCM patients.ConclusionsOur study results suggest that QT dynamicity is impaired in patients with HCM and may help to differentiate among low‐ and high‐risk patients. Further studies are needed to elucidate the prognostic significance and clinical implications of impaired ventricular repolarization in patients with HCM.
Corneal biomechanical characteristics measured by the CorVis Scheimpflug technology in eyes with primary open‐angle glaucoma and normal eyes
Authors: Tian Lei , Wang Dajiang , Wu Ying , Meng Xiaoli , Chen Bing , Ge Mei , Huang Yifei 
Published: February 2015

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the biomechanical properties of the cornea using Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (CorVis ST, Oculus) in eyes with primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal control eyes.MethodsA comparative cross‐sectional study that included 42 patients with POAG and 60 normal control subjects matched for intraocular pressure (IOP) and central corneal thickness (CCT). IOP was measured with a Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT). Corneal tomography and biomechanical parameters were measured with Pentacam (Oculus) and CorVis ST, respectively. Corneal biomechanical properties were compared between groups, and the associations between corneal biomechanical parameters and ocular characteristics were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to establish a cut‐off value for the biomechanical parameters.ResultsThe following parameters of the CorVis ST showed a significant difference between eyes with POAG and normal eyes: first applanation velocity (Vin), second applanation time (A‐time2), peak distance (PD) and deformation amplitude (DA). In the univariate analysis, DA was negatively correlated with IOP in both groups. For all biomechanical parameters, the areas under the ROC curve were <0.80 and thus did not reach a good level of predictive accuracy for detecting POAG.ConclusionCorVis ST offers an alternative method for measuring corneal biomechanical properties. Eyes with POAG exhibit a faster Vin, longer A‐time2, lower DA and longer PD than do IOP‐ and CCT‐matched normal control eyes. The biomechanical parameters of the CorVis ST cannot readily be used for diagnosis of POAG in the individual patient.
Array comparative genomic hybridization reveals similarities between nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma and T cell/histiocyte rich large B cell lymphoma
Authors: Hartmann Sylvia , Döring Claudia , Vucic Emily , Chan Fong Chun , Ennishi Daisuke , Tousseyn Thomas , de Wolf‐Peeters Christiane , Perner Sven , Wlodarska Iwona , Steidl Christian , Gascoyne Randy D. , Hansmann Martin‐Leo 
Published: February 2015

SummaryNodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) and T cell/histiocyte rich large B cell lymphoma (THRLBCL) usually affect middle‐aged men, show tumour cells with a B cell phenotype and a low tumour cell content. Whereas the clinical behaviour of NLPHL is indolent, THRLBCL presents with advanced stage disease and an aggressive behaviour. In the present study, array comparative genomic hybridization was performed in seven typical NLPHL, four THRLBCL‐like NLPHL variants, six THRLBCL and four diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL) derived from NLPHL. The number of genomic aberrations was higher in THRLBCL compared with typical and THRLBCL‐like variant of NLPHL. Gains of 2p16.1 and losses of 2p11.2 and 9p11.2 were commonly observed in typical and THRLBCL‐like variants of NLPHL as well as THRLBCL. Gains of 2p16.1, affecting the REL locus were confirmed in an independent cohort. Expression of the REL protein was observed at similar frequencies in typical and THRLBCL‐like variant of NLPHL as well as THRLBCL (33–38%). In conclusion, the present study reveals further similarities between NLPHL and THRLBCL on the genomic level, confirming that these entities are part of a pathobiological spectrum with common molecular features, but varying clinical presentations.
Normocalcaemic hypoparathyroidism: prevalence and effect on bone status in older women. The OPUS study
Authors: Palermo Andrea , Jacques Richard , Gossiel Fatma , Reid David M. , Roux Christian , Felsenberg Dieter , Glueer Claus‐C , Eastell Richard 
Published: February 2015

SummaryObjectiveThere are no consistent data on the prevalence and bone status of normocalcaemic hypoparathyroidism (NHYPO) as defined by normal adjusted calcium and low PTH level. Our aim was to determine the prevalence and the metabolic bone profile of NHYPO in older women, assessing its evolution over time. The second objective was to evaluate the prevalence of other calcium metabolic disorders.DesignThe Osteoporosis and Ultrasound Study (OPUS) is a 6‐yr prospective study of fracture‐related factors.ParticipantsA total of 2419 older women (age 55–79 yrs) and 258 younger women (age 30–40 yrs) participated. Complete follow‐up data were available in 1416 subjects.MeasurementsAfter calculating the adjusted calcium according to James’ formula, we identified ‘abnormal’ calcium and PTH using Mahalanobis distances and allocated older women into different pathological categories using reference intervals from the healthy young women.ResultsWe identified 57 subjects with NHYPO (2·4%). These women had lower than expected bone turnover as assessed by bone alkaline phosphatase (−14·5%, 95% CI: −26·2 to −3·0, P = 0·007), CTX (−66·3%, 95% CI: −74·0 to −56·4, P < 0·001) and osteocalcin (−36·8%, 95% CI: −45·6 to −26·6, P < 0·001). After 6 years, of the 35 NHYPO subjects with follow‐up data, none developed overt hypoparathyroidism and only 15 (0·6%) subjects had persistent evidence of NHYPO. We also identified 86 subjects (3·6%) affected by hyperparathyroid hypercalcaemia.ConclusionThis is the first large population‐based study to investigate NHYPO in older women. NHYPO is fairly common, not always persistent and is characterized by low bone turnover.
Effects of lapatinib and trastuzumab on vascular endothelial growth factor in experimental corneal neovascularization
Authors: Kaya Mehmet K , Demir Tamer , Bulut Hakan , Akpolat Nusret , Turgut Burak 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare the effects of lapatinib and trastuzumab on vascular endothelial growth factor on experimental corneal neovascularization.MethodsA total of 35 Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups, each containing seven animals. Corneas of rats in the control group were not cauterized and did not receive any treatment. A silver nitrate pencil was applied on the right corneas of rats in the non‐control groups to induce corneal neovascularization. Rats in the sham, lapatinib, trastuzumab and lapatinib + trastuzumab groups were administered systemic saline, 50 mg/kg lapatinib once a day orally by gavage, 4 mg/kg trastuzumab once a day intraperitoneally, or 50 mg/kg lapatinib once a day orally by gavage together with 4 mg/kg trastuzumab once a day intraperitoneally, respectively, for 7 days. Rats were sacrificed on the eighth day, and corneas were excised using a 4‐mm punch trephine. Vascular endothelial growth factor immunostaining in the corneal epithelial and stromal layers was evaluated. Staining intensities were determined semi‐quantitatively, and corneal vascular endothelial growth factor levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsThe mean immunostaining intensities of epithelial and stromal vascular endothelial growth factor in the control group were significantly lesser than those in the sham group (P < 0.05). The mean immunostaining intensities of epithelial and stromal vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay levels of corneas in all treatment groups (lapatinib, trastuzumab and lapatinib + trastuzumab groups) were lesser than those in the sham group (P < 0.05); however, it was similar to those in the control group (P > 0.05).ConclusionsIt is suggested that systemically administered lapatinib is more effective than systemically administered trastuzumab in preventing corneal neovascularization.
Denosumab and osteonecrosis of the jaw. A systematic analysis of events reported in clinical trials
Authors: Boquete‐Castro Ana , Gómez‐Moreno Gerardo , Calvo‐Guirado José Luis , Aguilar‐Salvatierra Antonio , Delgado‐Ruiz Rafael Arcesio 
Published: February 2015

AbstractObjectivesThe aims of this meta‐analysis were (i) to perform a systematic review of the relation between treatment with denosumab and the incidence of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) and (ii) to obtain information on dosage, first event apparition, and treatment approaches for patients with ONJ related to denosumab.Materials and methodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis of relevant literature was performed in the PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases, identifying randomized clinical trials that evaluate the adverse effects of denosumab. The overall incidence rates and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for ONJ were calculated employing fixed‐ and random‐effects models, according to the heterogeneity of the studies included.ResultsA total of 8963 patients with a variety of solid tumors reported in seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the systematic analysis. The overall incidence of ONJ in patients with cancer receiving denosumab was 1.7% [95% CI: 0.9–3.1%]. The use of denosumab was associated with a significantly increased risk of ONJ in comparison with bisphosphonates (BPs)/placebo treatment (RR 1.61, 95% CI: 1.05–2.48, P = 0.029). Subgroup analysis based on controlled therapies demonstrated an increased risk of ONJ in denosumab therapy, when compared with BPs (RR 1.48, 95% CI: 0.96–2.29, P = 0.078) or placebo (RR 16.28, 95% CI: 1.68–158.05, P = 0.017). Similar results were observed for prostate cancer (RR 3.358, 95% CI: 1.573–7.166, P = 0.002).ConclusionsDenosumab combined with risk factors such as dental extraction, poor oral hygiene, use of removable apparatus, and chemotherapy may favor the development of ONJ.
Clinical impact of studying epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity in pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Kovacic Boris , Rosner Margit , Schipany Katharina , Ionce Loredana , Hengstschläger Markus 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe ability of cells to travel long distances in order to form tissues and organs is inherently connected to embryogenesis. The process in which epithelial‐like embryonic cells become motile and invasive is termed ‘epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition’ (EMT), while the reversion of this programme – yielding differentiated cells and organs – is called ‘mesenchymal‐to‐epithelial transition’ (MET).DesignHere, we review the processes of EMT and MET in development and cancer and combine them with knowledge from pluripotent stem cell research.ResultsResearch has shown that these processes are activated in many cancers leading to dissemination of cancer cells throughout the body and formation of metastasis. While the regulation of EMT during cancer progression has been extensively studied for decades, many fundamental processes that govern normal development are only poorly understood. Recent discoveries, such as reprogramming to pluripotent stem cells and identification of ground and primed states of pluripotent stem cells, have redirected much attention to EMT and MET.ConclusionFindings from pluripotent stem cell research and EMT/MET should be combined in order to design future strategies aimed to improve our understanding of cancer progression and to help develop novel anticancer strategies.