bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of growth rate of plants by bubble discharge in water
Authors: Takahata Junichiro , Takaki Koichi , Satta Naoya , Takahashi Katsuyuki , Fujio Takuya , Sasaki Yuji 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The effect of bubble discharge in water on the growth rate of plants was investigated experimentally for application to plant cultivation systems. Spinach (Spinacia oleracea), radish (Raphanus sativus var. sativus), and strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) were used as specimens to clarify the effect of the discharge treatment on edible parts of the plants. The specimens were cultivated in pots filled with artificial soil, which included chicken manure charcoal. Distilled water was sprayed on the artificial soil and drained through a hole in the pots to a water storage tank. The water was circulated from the water storage tank to the cultivation pots after 15 or 30 min discharge treatment on alternate days. A magnetic compression-type pulsed power generator was used to produce the bubble discharge with a repetition rate of 250 pps. The plant height in the growth phase and the dry weight of the harvested plants were improved markedly by the discharge treatment in water. The soil and plant analyzer development (SPAD) value of the plants also improved in the growth phase of the plants. The concentration of nitrate nitrogen, which mainly contributed to the improvement of the growth rate, in the water increased with the discharge treatment. The Brix value of edible parts of Fragaria × ananassa increased with the discharge treatment. The inactivation of bacteria in the water was also confirmed with the discharge treatment.
Environment and Energy: A Public Opinion Survey in Davao City
Authors: COZO MAIAN J. 
Published: December 2014

For the past decades, environment and its relevant issues are becoming the greatest concern of most countries. Public opinion becomes the interest of most policy makers and sociologist reformist. Improved understanding of public perceptions about global warming and other environmental issues can contribute to informing scientific and policy discussions. The aim of this study is to assess the (1) the extent of concern on the major environmental issues of the city (2) the preference between environmental protection and energy production, and (3) to compare the extent of concern of the public according to their respective district. A total of 1151 respondents, ages 18 and above was derived using the systematic sampling at 95% confidence interval, and proportionate sampling distribution to ensure representativeness with the population of the city. The results suggest that Dabawenyos are greatly worried about global warming (92%), deforestation and urban flooding (88%), and energy crisis are considered as the most alarming environmental problem in the city. Moreover, they are more favorable to environmentally-friendly solutions in addressing the city’s energy problem, and the government should put greater emphasis on the development of renewable energy (96%). The degree of concerns and emphasis on environmental protection of the community can be directly equated to the traumatic environmental phenomena that had happened in the city. Keywords: Ecology and Conservation, environmental issues, renewable energy, poll survey, Philippines
Status of Windowpane Oysters (Placuna Placenta) at Municipality of Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines
Authors: ALIMEN ROLANDO A. , SELORIO, JR. CORNELIO M. 
Published: December 2014

The Windowpane oysters (Placuna Placenta) are considered as shells which have high quality value. These shells are used as raw materials for shell craft products (SEAFDEC, 2006) like chalk, shells, soldering lead, and paint (Ingole & Clemente, 2006). Furthermore, windowpane oysters were identified as second priority mollusk species for research, which located at the Philippines. In this connection, Philippines is a major source of windowpane shells fishery as cited by Madrones-ladja, 1997. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the status of windowpane oysters (Placuna Placenta) at the Municipality of Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines. Using the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) technique (English et al., 1997), the windowpane oyster shells (Placuna Placenta)were determined. At each site, 2-3 transect lines were laid on the intertidal floor parallel to the shore. For the physico-chemical measurements: water temperature was measured using thermometer; the transparency of the water was assessed using secchi disc; salinity and pH were measured using refractometer and pH meter; and the dissolved oxygen was measured using Winkler’s methods. Windowpane shells were collected randomly in the proposed site. Meristimatic measurements like length, thickness of the shell, and width are measured using measuring board. The data collected were analyzed to get the biometric relationship. The number of oyster increases as substrate from muddy-sandy to soft muddy slowly changes as depth increases. Common windowpane oysters found are juvenile (31- 45 mm) and having a shell thickness of 1.89 mm. The length-width relation and length-shell thickness relation are highly related, with an r value of 0.9439 and 0.5872, respectively. The populations of the site are mostly juvenile, which imposing a windowpane oyster sanctuary in it natural bed is highly recommended.Keywords: Marine Ecology, windowpane oyster, assessment, sanctuary, length-width relationand length-shell thickness relation, Southern Central Iloilo, Philippines
Spatio-Temporal Distribution, Abundance, and Lipid Content of Zooplankton (calanid species) in an Upwelling Area and Estuarine Plume in Northern Mindanao, Philippines
Authors: CANENCIA MAE OLJAE P. 
Published: December 2014

Zooplankton category, calanidae copepod plays important roles in the marinefood web as an intermediate between primary and fish production at highertrophic levels. Their main ecological role is to provide sustenance for fish larvaeand adult fish such as whalesharks, manta rays and sardines. This study describedthe species composition, spatio-temporal distribution and abundance, body sizesand lipid content of calanids, in an upwelling area off Sindangan Bay and in an estuarine plume in Butuan Bay and Gingoog Bay. Five species were identified in two sampling sites: Nannocalanus minor, Undinula vulgaris, Cosmocalanusdarwini, Canthocalanus pauper and Neocalanus gracilis. In terms of body sizes,smaller sizes can be seen in the upper shallow strata (0-65 m and 65-135 m) of anupwelling area while larger ones could be seen in the same strata of an estuarineplume. Findings showed that the shallower the water, the more abundant are thecalanids associated with an upwelling system and an estuarine plume. The overallresults from the correlation analysis revealed that predictors of water physicochemicalparameters such as chlorophyll,salinity and temperaturecontributedsignificantlyto theabundance anddistributionofcalanid species butnegativelycorrelatedwith water depth of Zamboangadel Norteand Agusan del Norte.Keywords: Environment, calanids, spatio-temporal distribution, lipid,upwelling, descriptive-correlation design, Philippines
Current and Future Challenges in the Surgical Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Review
Authors: Tsoulfas Georgios , Agorastou Polyxeni , Tooulias Andreas , Marakis Georgios N. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Challenges in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents one of the most frequent types of cancer worldwide. Surgery, although only a part of the armamentarium against HCC, represents the cornerstone in the management of this aggressive disease. This article will review the current and future challenges in the surgical management of HCC, with a special emphasis on the following areas: (1) the evolution of staging of the disease and the importance of the biological nature and behavior of HCC, (2) the effort to increase resectability, (3) technical innovations and the role of image-guided surgery, and, finally, (4) the role of liver transplantation in the continuum of care for these patients. Although by no means an exhaustive list, the issues mentioned above represent some of the most promising prospects for significant progress in the management of HCC.
Uncommon Complex Anomaly of Inferior Vena Cava and Left Iliac Vein Demonstrated by Multidetector-Row CT Angiography
Authors: Ogul Hayri , Yuce Ihsan , Yalcin Ahmet , Karaca Leyla , Okur Aylin , Kantarci Mecit 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Retroperitoneal venous anomalies have clinical importance in retroperitoneal and pelvic surgery. Multidetector-row computed tomography (CT) angiography is an important imaging method to be preferred in evaluating vascular structures in this locality. We describe a complex retroperitoneal venous anomaly with a multidetector-row CT angiography.
Intraperitoneal Microdialysis as a Monitoring Method in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Konstantinos Tasiopoulos , Apostolos Komnos , Georgios Paraforos , Konstantinos Tepetes 
Published: December 2014

AbstractStudies on surgical patients provide some evidence of prompt detection of enteric ischemia with microdialysis. The purpose of the study was to measure intraperitoneal microdialysis values (glucose, glycerol, pyruvate, and lactate) in patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit (ICU) with an underlying abdominal surgical condition and to correlate these values with patients' outcomes. Twenty-one patients, 10 female, were enrolled in the study. The intraperitoneal metabolite values were measured for 3 consecutive days, starting from the first day of ICU hospitalization. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. The t-test, repeated measures analysis, Holm's test, and a logistic regression model were applied. Level of statistical significance was set at P = 0.05. Mean age of participants was 68.10 ± 8.02 years old. Survivors exhibited statistically significantly higher glucose values on day 3 (6.61 ± 2.01 against 3.67 ± 1.62; P = 0.002). Mean lactate/ pyruvate (L/P) values were above 20 (35.35 ± 27.11). All non-survivors had a mean three day L/P values greater than 25.94. Low L/P values were related to increased survival possibilities. High microdialysis glucose concentration, high L/P ratio and low glucose concentration were the major findings during the first three ICU hospitalization days in non-survivors. Intraperitoneal microdialysis may serve as a useful tool in understanding enteric ischemia pathophysiology.
Intrahepatic Biliary Dilatation Caused by a Small Simple Hepatic Cyst: Report of a Case
Authors: Naitoh Hiroshi , Fukasawa Takaharu , Fukuchi Minoru , Kiriyama Shinsuke , Tabe Yuichi , Yamauchi Hayato , Suzuki Masaki , Yoshida Tomonori , Sakurai Shinji , Kuwano Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Biliary obstruction caused by small simple cysts is very rare. We present a case of biliary dilatation caused by a simple cyst with a 4-cm diameter. The patient was a 75-year-old woman referred to our hospital for evaluation of a cystic tumor associated with peripheral biliary duct dilatation in the left segment of the liver. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed that the cyst probably communicated with the intrahepatic bile duct. Malignant tumors, including intrahepatic papillary neoplasms of the bile duct, could not be ruled out; therefore, we performed surgery with the patient's consent. Histopathologic examination of the resected liver showed that the cystic lesion was a simple cyst. The finding that even small simple cysts can obstruct the biliary tract is important for the management of cystic lesions of the liver.
Exploratory Analysis to Find Unfavorable Subset of Stage II Gastric Cancer for Which Surgery Alone Is the Standard Treatment; Another Target for Adjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Aoyama Toru , Yoshikawa Takaki , Fujikawa Hirohito , Hayashi Tsutomu , Ogata Takashi , Cho Haruhiko , Yamada Takanobu , Hasegawa Shinichi , Tsuchida Kazuhito , Yukawa Norio , Oshima Takashi , Rino Yasushi , Masuda Munetaka 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the unfavorable subset of patients with Stage II gastric cancer for whom surgery alone is the standard treatment (T1N2M0, T1N3M0, and T3N0M0). Recurrence-free survival rates were examined in 52 patients with stage T1N2-3M0 and stage T3N0M0 gastric cancer between January 2000 and March 2010. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors using a Cox proportional hazards model. The recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates of the patients with stages T1N2, T1N3, and T3N0 cancer were 80.0, 76.4, and 100% at 5 years, respectively. The only significant prognostic factor for the survival rates of the patients with stage pT1N2-3 cancer measured by univariate and multivariate analyses was pathological tumor diameter. The 5-year RFS rates of the patients with stage pT1N2-3 cancer were 60.0%, when the tumor diameters measured &lt;30 mm, and 88.9% when the tumor diameters measured &gt;30 mm (P = 0.0248). These data may suggest that pathological tumor diameter is associated with poor survival in patients with small T1N2-3 tumors. Because our study was a retrospective single-center study with a small sample size, a prospective multicenter study is necessary to confirm whether small tumors are risk factor for the RFS in T1N2-3 disease.
Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation in the Ischemic Small Intestine: Pathological and Biochemical Evaluation in a Rat model of Superior Mesenteric Ischemia
Authors: Dumlu Ersin G. , Bozkurt Birkan , Tokaç Mehmet , Kiyak Gulten , Özkardeş Alper B. , Ergin Merve , Yazgan Aylin , Kılıç Mehmet 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The purpose of our study was to evaluate the role of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in acute mesenteric ischemia. Thirty male Wistar albino rats weighing 240–260 g were randomized into control (no operation), sham (operation without ischemia), and ischemia groups. To induce ischemia, the superior mesenteric artery was sutured. Total antioxidant and oxidant capacity and lipid peroxidase activity were measured in blood samples collected at 0 min, 60 min, and 240 min, and the pathology of ileum segments resected at 240 min was evaluated. Total oxidant status did not differ among the groups. Total antioxidant status increased significantly with time in the ischemia group compared to the control and sham groups (P &lt; 0.001). Although basal arylesterase activity was lower in the ischemia group than controls (P &lt; 0.05), post-ischemia values were similar among the groups. Similarly, basal and stimulated paraoxonase activity in blood samples did not differ among the groups. In conclusion, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation have no significant role in the pathophysiology of acute mesenteric ischemia.
Recurrent, Spontaneous Esophageal Ruptures Associated With Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome: Report of a Case
Authors: Naitoh Hiroshi , Fukuchi Minoru , Kiriyama Shinsuke , Fukasawa Takaharu , Tabe Yuichi , Yamauchi Hayato , Yoshida Tomonori , Saito Kana , Hagiwara Kei , Kuwano Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
A 52-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a spontaneous esophageal rupture (Boerhaave syndrome) and was successfully treated. Eight years after the first incident, he was readmitted with a recurrent rupture. Recurrence of Boerhaave syndrome is extremely rare, with only 7 cases reported in the English literature. During treatment, the patient was also diagnosed with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Although APS is known to cause a variety of symptoms due to vascular thrombosis, recurrence of Boerhaave syndrome, coincident with APS, has never been reported. The pathogenesis of Boerhaave syndrome has not been clearly determined. This report serves to increase awareness of the risk of APS, which results in an increased risk of spontaneous rupture of the esophagus.
Risk Factors for Renal Allograft Compartment Syndrome
Authors: Ortiz Jorge , Parsikia Afshin , Horrow Mindy M. , Khanmoradi Kamran , Campos Stalin , Zaki Radi 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Renal allograft compartment syndrome (RACS) is graft dysfunction secondary to intracompartment hypertension. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for RACS. We reviewed 7 cases of established RACS and all intra-abdominal placements of the kidney in order to include potential RACS. We also studied early graft losses in order to rule out a missed RACS. We compared the allograft length and width, recipient height, weight, body mass index, aberrant vessels, site of incision, and side of kidney with the remainder of the cohort as potential predictors of RACS. Among 538 transplants, 40 met the criteria for actual RACS or potential RACS. We uncovered 7 cases of RACS. Only kidney length and width were statistically significant (P = 0.041 and 0.004, respectively). The width was associated with a higher odds ratio than was length (2.315 versus 1.61). Increased allograft length and width should be considered as a potential risk for RACS.
Perforation of the Sigmoid Colon and Massive Ischemia of the Small Intestine Caused by Amyloidosis Associated With Multiple Myeloma: A Case Report
Authors: Harada Kenichi , Ichikawa Daisuke , Konishi Hirotaka , Komatsu Shuhei , Shiozaki Atsushi , Fujiwara Hitoshi , Okamoto Kazuma , Otsuji Eigo 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Amyloidosis is a metabolic disease that results in organ dysfunction because of the deposition of amyloid proteins in body tissues and organs. Amyloid accumulation in the gastrointestinal tract can lead to severe complications with poor outcomes. We report a case showing simultaneous perforation of the sigmoid colon and massive segmental intestinal ischemia caused by amyloidosis associated with multiple myeloma. A 75-year-old woman presented to the emergency department in our hospital with a chief complaint of abdominal pain. Results of several examinations indicated sigmoid colon perforation and acute generalized peritonitis. She underwent an emergency exploratory laparotomy. Operative finding was a perforation of the sigmoid colon and many segmental discoloration sites appeared intraoperatively in the small intestine. A loop colostomy was performed by employing a double-barrel ileostomy with a massive resection of the segmentally discolored small bowel. Pathological findings suggested that the causative factor was amyloidosis with multiple myeloma. The patient was successfully treated with adequate surgery and with melphalan and prednisone after the operation. Meticulous and appropriate treatment for severe complications involving amyloidosis associated with multiple myeloma can prevent a fatal outcome.
Outcomes of Surgical Treatment of Primary Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Colon and Rectum: 22 Cases Reviewed With Literature
Authors: Belli Sedat , Aytac Huseyin Ozgur , Karagulle Erdal , Yabanoglu Hakan , Kayaselcuk Fazilet , Yildirim Sedat 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Colorectal primary signet ring cell carcinoma (PSRCCR) is a rare entity with a dismal prognosis, mainly because of delayed diagnosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic features and prognostic factors for PSRCCR. This is a retrospective study including the data of 22 patients with PSRCCR who underwent surgery. Patients were categorized by age, sex, tumor site, and stage. Fifteen patients were male. Median age was 40 years. Sites for metastases were lymph nodes (86.4%), peritoneum (40.9%), and liver (9.1%). Most of the patients (91%) had stage III or IV tumors. The rates of curative and palliative resections performed were equal. Mean overall survival and mean progression-free survival times were found to be 33.3 ± 7.1 months (95% confidence interval, 19.4–47.2 months) and 11.8 ± 3.5 months (95% confidence interval, 4.9–18.7 months), respectively. It was concluded that site of the tumor, presence of bowel obstruction, peritoneum and lung metastases, adjacent organ infiltration, TNM stage, and efficiency of surgery have significant effects on survival. All in all, these aggressive tumors are generally diagnosed at advanced stages. Depending on the situation, survival is shorter. A high degree of vigilance is required for these patients to avoid the negative impact of late diagnosis on survival.
Cytotoxic Activity of Anticancer Drugs on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells in Hypoxic-Hyponutritional Culture
Authors: Li Qiang , Zhu Lin-Zhong , Yang Ren-Jie , Zhu Xu 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
To investigate which anticancer drugs and combination of dual drugs could further promote the inhibition of cell growth in vitro against HCC cell line (HepG2) in the hypoxic and hyponutritional culture medium (HHCM) mimicked the different scenarios of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). The cells of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated by TACE suffered various hypoxia and hyponutrition. The cells were treated for 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, and 24 hours, respectively, using 10 drugs including epirubicin (EPI), cisplatin (DDP), mitomycin-C (MMC), oxaliplatin (OXA), hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), gemcitabine (GEM), docetaxel (DTX), thiotepa (TSPA), and pemetrexed disodium (PEM) in 4 concentrations of HHCM (5%, 10%, 25%, and 50%, respectively) mimicking the scenario of TACE and were assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The cells treated with combinations of dual drugs for 24 hours were also tested. The sensitive drugs with inhibition rates more than 30% were EPI, MMC, HCPT, OXA, and PEM in 4 types of HHCMs. The sensitivity of the cells to treatment with drugs for 24 hours was significantly higher than the sensitivity of the cells to treatment with drugs for 2 hours in 5%, 10%, and 25% HHCM. The sensitivity of the combination of dual drugs was no more than the sensitivity of the single drug with higher sensitivity in 4 concentrations of HHCM. EPI, MMC, HCPT, OXA, and PEM exhibited cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cells in various hypoxia and hyponutrition states. Prolonging the time of exposure could increase the sensitivity of drug, and the combination of dual drugs cannot enhance the cytotoxic effect.
Bouveret's Syndrome: An Overlooked Diagnosis. A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Qasaimeh Ghazi Raji , Bakkar Sohail , Jadallah Khaled 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Bouveret's syndrome is a rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction. Its diagnosis is often delayed or overlooked. It is characterized by the passage of a large gall bladder stone through a bilio-duodenal fistula, which becomes lodged in the duodenum causing duodenal obstruction. We report the case of a 70-year-old male with a history suggestive of gall bladder disease over a 1-year period. The diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasound, which showed a single large gall bladder stone and the patient was planned for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. One week prior to the elective surgery he presented with upper gastrointestinal bleeding for which he was admitted, diagnosed by a gastroenterologist as bleeding duodenal ulcer and treated by local epinephrine injection and blood transfusion. One week later he presented with a picture of acute gastric outlet obstruction, which proved by endoscopy to be due to a large stone impacted in the duodenum. Endoscopic management failed and the stone was managed by open surgery. The patient made a good postoperative recovery and for the last year he has remained free of symptoms.