bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the enterovirus 71 VP1 protein as a vaccine candidate
Authors: Zhou Shi‐Li , Ying Xiao‐Ling , Han Xue , Sun Xian‐Xun , Jin Qi , Yang Fan 
Published: July 2014

AbstractEnterovirus 71 (EV71) is an important agent responsible for hand‐foot‐and‐mouth disease (HFMD), which can cause severe neurological complications and death in children. However, there is no specific treatment for EV71 infection, and a safe and effective vaccine is needed urgently. In this study, an effective and economical method for the production of EV71‐VP1 protein was developed, and the VP1 protein was evaluated in humoral and cellular immune responses as an EV71 vaccine. The results revealed that the VP1 protein induced high titers of cross‐neutralizing antibodies for different EV71 subtypes, and elicited significant splenocyte proliferation. The high levels of IFN‐r and IL‐10 showed the VP1 protein induced a mixed Th1 and Th2 immune response. Vaccinated female mice could confer protection in their neonatal offspring. Compared with the inactivated EV71, the VP1 protein elicited similar humoral and cellular responses, but the engineered protein is safer, less expensive and can be produced more efficiently. Therefore, EV71‐VP1 protein can induce effective immunologic protection against EV71 and is an ideal candidate against EV71 infection.J. Med. Virol. 87:256–262, 2015.© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Volume‐outcome disparities and informed consent: What should surgeons disclose?
Authors: Stell Lance K. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIt has been repeatedly shown that higher procedure volumes, by hospital and by physician, are associated with better outcomes. Buttressed by large‐scale selective service purchasing, surgical care for many volume‐sensitive operations has been regionalized. However, the implications of outcome disparity data for obtaining valid patient consent remain uncertain. When the first large scale outcome study appeared showing empirically that outcomes are volume‐related, two prominent bioethicists promptly insisted that such information was material to a reasonable patient's decision whether and where to have a volume‐sensitive operation and that surgeons at low‐volume hospitals should disclose it. More recently, two surgical oncologists have reiterated that argument, most especially when patients are making decisions about pancreatic or esophageal resections. This proposal tantalizingly appeals to the concept of patient empowerment, supposedly showing appropriate respect for the patient's interest in self‐determination by having his surgeon (or physician), rather than others, outline for him personally the risks and benefits associated with surgical care delivered at different hospitals. But on the contrary, a surgeon's conducting a truthful, non‐misleading, non‐confusing informed consent discussion of statistical outcome disparities in the relentlessly shrinking time typically allowed for this conversation is unrealistic as a general requirement. The traditional approach to informed consent is simpler, less fraught and preferable. By law, a surgeon who is licensed to practice independently and who evidences willingness to examine and to offer an operation to a patient conveys (1) an implicit standard of care assurance, and (2) a fiduciary assurance. In other words, it goes without saying that the surgeon holds it out to the patient that s/he possesses the training and skill necessary to perform the offered service with reasonable skill and safety as measured by the applicable standard of care; that s/he will act in good faith and use his/her best medical judgment on the patient's behalf. Liability attaches when patient harm results from a surgeon's failure on either count. It also goes without saying that the surgeon extends similar assurances for care provided by trainees who are under his or her direct supervisory authority and control. The traditional theory of informed consent forestalls requiring desultory discussions of volume‐outcome disparities and will be defended here.J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 110:636–642. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Artist Authenticity: How Artists’ Passion and Commitment Shape Consumers’ Perceptions and Behavioral Intentions across Genders
Authors: Moulard Julie Guidry , Rice Dan Hamilton , Garrity Carolyn Popp , Mangus Stephanie M. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTDespite the fact that the art market is a multibillion dollar industry, marketing researchers have yet to fully explore the factors that drive consumers’ purchase intentions toward fine art. This research proposes that information about the artist who created a particular work is an important piece of information that consumers consider. This work is the first to empirically examine the impact of how one such characteristic of the artist, perceived authenticity, affects consumers’ behavioral intentions toward the art. This research, drawing on authenticity research in the arts, marketing, and psychology, builds on the proposed art valuation framework presented by Marshall and Forrest () by testing the effect of consumers’ perceptions of the artist's motives. Empirical data involving 518 respondents were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results revealed that artist authenticity affected attitude toward the artist, conceptualized as a human brand, which in turn influenced consumers’ evaluation of the artist's work and their behavioral intentions. In addition, this research provides support for the selectivity model by showing woman and men evaluate art differently. Attitude toward the artwork had a stronger effect on behavioral intentions for women compared to men, whereas attitude toward the artist had a stronger effect on behavioral intentions for men compared to women. Overall, the results reveal that consumers use information about that artist's brand in the valuation of the artwork and have important practical implications for the management of the artist's human brand.
Pièces de Résistance? Core and Casual Consumers’ Valuations of Aesthetically Incongruent Artworks
Authors: Althuizen Niek , Sgourev Stoyan V. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTResearch in consumer psychology suggests that there is limited room for acclaimed producers or brands to experiment with the aesthetic appearance and design of their products. This premise is rooted in consumers’ preference for aesthetic congruity and the cognitive difficulty associated with evaluating incongruent offerings. Yet examples of successful artists whose work clearly defies the imperative of congruity do exist. Although these artists are the exception rather than the rule, their success suggests that under certain conditions the audience may tolerate incongruity. The effects of the type of audience and the status of the artist on consumer valuations of aesthetically congruent and incongruent artworks were analyzed in a large within‐subjects experiment. The results show that congruity weighs more heavily for core consumers than for casual consumers, regardless of the status of the artist. Mediation analyses reveal that dislike (affective factor) and difficulty of evaluation (cognitive factor) fully explain the negative effects of incongruity on consumer judgments of aesthetic value, monetary value, and creativity. The positive effects of status are only partially mediated by liking and ease of evaluation. The article concludes with the implications of these findings for psychology and marketing, and specifically for “marketing the arts”.
Repurchase Behavior in the Performing Arts: Do Emotions Matter without Involvement?
Authors: Troilo Gabriele , Cito Maria Cristina , Soscia Isabella 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTConsumer repurchase behavior is a major concern for performing arts organizations because of its impact on their financial sustainability and competitive strength. Consequently, prior research has devoted a huge effort to the investigation of customer loyalty to individual performing arts organizations within a conceptual framework of within‐category competition. However, arts consumption research has highlighted that performing arts organizations also face fierce competition from other categories of artistic and entertainment products, since consumers believe that different product categories are able to provide similar hedonic and entertainment value. Our paper investigates the antecedents of repurchase behavior at the product category level. Specifically, we focus on the interplay between positive emotions and product involvement as predictors of repurchase behavior in the performing arts at the product category level. In this context, we modeled four different types of relationships among positive emotions, product involvement, and repurchase behavior. We then conducted a survey among theatergoers and used structural equation modeling to test the rival models. Our findings indicate that product involvement fully mediates the relation between positive emotions and repurchase behavior in the performing arts.
Can Purchase Behavior Predict Relationship Perceptions and Willingness to Donate?
Authors: Johnson Jennifer Wiggins , Peck Joann , Schweidel David A. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTAs arts organizations frequently seek purchases and donations from the same consumers, one of their challenges is identifying which consumers are likely to become donors in the future. With all of the data currently available, many organizations are looking to their databases to predict future consumer behavior. In the customer relationship management literature, models have been developed that allow organizations to use consumer purchase data to predict future purchase behavior. This goal of this research is to extend this literature to determine whether it is possible to predict consumer willingness to donate using purchase behavior data. It is not expected that purchase behavior data will be nearly as accurate a predictor of future donation behavior as past donation behavior would be. Rather, the goal is simply to determine whether organizations would be able to use purchase behavior data as a proxy for relationship perceptions to improve their ability to identify prospective donors among their consumers. Three commonly used methods of prediction based on past behavior are tested using a combination of purchase behavior data and consumer surveys: a segmentation approach, a recency/frequency/monetary value model, and a Pareto/NBD customer relationship management model. Across all three methods, purchase behavior is found to be a poor predictor of both customer relationship perceptions and willingness to donate to the organization.
A form‐fitted three channel 31P, two channel 1H transceiver coil array for calf muscle studies at 7 T
Authors: Goluch Sigrun , Kuehne Andre , Meyerspeer Martin , Kriegl Roberta , Schmid Albrecht I. , Fiedler Georg B. , Herrmann Tim , Mallow Johannes , Hong Suk‐Min , Cho Zang‐Hee , Bernarding Johannes , Moser Ewald , Laistler Elmar 
Published: July 2014

PurposeTo enhance sensitivity and coverage for calf muscle studies, a novel, form‐fitted, three‐channel phosphorus‐31 (31P), two‐channel proton (1H) transceiver coil array for 7 T MR imaging and spectroscopy is presented.MethodsElectromagnetic simulations employing individually generated voxel models were performed to design a coil array for studying nonpathological muscle metabolism. Static phase combinations of the coil elements' transmit fields were optimized based on homogeneity and efficiency for several voxel models. The best‐performing design was built and tested both on phantoms and in vivo.ResultsSimulations revealed that a shared conductor array for 31P provides more robust interelement decoupling and better homogeneity than an overlap array in this configuration. A static B1+ shim setting that suited various calf anatomies was identified and implemented.Simulations showed that the 31P array provides signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) benefits over a single loop and a birdcage coil of equal radius by factors of 3.2 and 2.6 in the gastrocnemius and by 2.5 and 2.0 in the soleus muscle.ConclusionThe performance of the coil in terms of B1+ and achievable SNR allows for spatially localized dynamic 31P spectroscopy studies in the human calf. The associated higher specificity with respect to nonlocalized measurements permits distinguishing the functional responses of different muscles. Magn Reson Med 73:2376–2389, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Using [1‐13C]lactic acid for hyperpolarized 13C MR cardiac studies
Authors: Chen Albert P. , Lau Justin Y.C. , Alvares Rohan D.A. , Cunningham Charles H. 
Published: July 2014

PurposeHyperpolarized [1‐13C]lactate in solution may be a clinically relevant and safe substrate for real time MR investigations of key metabolic pathways. The potential of using hyperpolarized [1‐13C]lactate for magnetic resonance studies of cardiac metabolism in vivo was explored.MethodsNeat [1‐13C]lactic acid was hyperpolarized using the dynamic nuclear polarization process. Cardiac MR spectroscopy experiments were performed in vivo using hyperpolarized [1‐13C]lactate and [1‐13C]pyruvate in solutions.ResultsA high degree of polarization was achieved for [1‐13C]lactate in solution (16.7%). 13C‐bicarbonate was observed in rat hearts in vivo after either hyperpolarized [1‐13C]lactate or hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate was infused, but lower 13C‐bicarbonate to substrate ratio was observed with hyperpolarized [1‐13C]lactate infusions. The response of 13C‐bicarbonate signal as a function of hyperpolarized [1‐13C]lactate doses was also investigated and a saturation of 13C‐bicarbonate signal was observed at the highest dose of [1‐13C]lactate used (0.69 mmol/kg).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that the use of neat [1‐13C]lactic acid as the DNP sample is a potential alternative to [1‐13C]pyruvic acid for cardiac hyperpolarized 13C MR studies. Hyperpolarized [1‐13C]lactate may enable noninvasive assessment of cardiac PDH flux in cardiac patients in the near future. Magn Reson Med, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Magn Reson Med 73:2087–2093, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Probing treatment response of glutaminolytic prostate cancer cells to natural drugs with hyperpolarized [5‐13C]glutamine
Authors: Canapè Carolina , Catanzaro Giuseppina , Terreno Enzo , Karlsson Magnus , Lerche Mathilde Hauge , Jensen Pernille Rose 
Published: July 2014

PurposeThe correlation between glutamine metabolism and oncogene expression in cancers has led to a renewed interest in the role of glutamine in cancer cell survival. Hyperpolarized [5‐13C]glutamine is evaluated as a potential biomarker for noninvasive metabolic measurements of drug response in prostate cancer cells.MethodsHyperpolarized [5‐13C]glutamine is used to measure glutamine metabolism in two prostate cancer cell lines (PC3 and DU145) before and after treatment with the two natural anticancer drugs resveratrol and sulforaphane. An invasive biochemical assay simulating the hyperpolarized experiment is used to independently quantify glutamine metabolism.ResultsGlutamine metabolism is found to be 4 times higher in the more glutaminolytic DU145 cells compared with PC3 cells under proliferating growth conditions by using hyperpolarized [5‐13C]glutamine as a noninvasive probe. A significant decrease in glutamine metabolism occurs upon apoptotic response to treatment with resveratrol and sulforaphane.ConclusionHyperpolarized NMR using [5‐13C]glutamine as a probe permits the noninvasive observation of glutaminolysis in different cell lines and under different treatment conditions. Hyperpolarized [5‐13C]glutamine metabolism thus is a promising biomarker for the noninvasive detection of tumor response to treatment, as it directly monitors one of the hallmarks in cancer metabolism ‐ glutaminolysis ‐ in living cells. Magn Reson Med, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Magn Reson Med 73:2296–2305, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Simple and robust saturation‐based slice selection for ultrashort echo time MRI
Authors: Harkins Kevin D. , Horch R. Adam , Does Mark D. 
Published: July 2014

PurposeTo present a new method for localizing signal within a two‐dimensional (2D) slice suitable for ultrashort echo time (UTE) imaging, called saturation‐based UTE (sat‐UTE). The new method digitally subtracts two acquisitions that are nonselectively excited with and without selective saturation of the slice of interest.MethodsSat‐UTE was compared with half‐pulse and double‐half pulse excited UTE within phantoms, as well as 3D‐UTE within ex vivo femur and in vivo tibia. Numerical simulations were also used to quantify the effects of slice profile broadening and signal component amplitudes for quantitative UTE.ResultsSat‐UTE is robust to suppress out‐of‐slice signal, and produces short T2 signal decay curves comparable to 3D‐UTE, but has a lower signal to noise ratio efficiency compared with other slice‐selective methods.ConclusionThe proposed method is useful for fast, quantitative evaluation of short T2 signals, and is insensitive to gradient performance. Magn Reson Med 73:2204–2211, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Triostin A Derived Cyclopeptide as Architectural Template for the Alignment of Four Recognition Units
Authors: Kotyrba Ursula M. , Pröpper Kevin , Sachs Eike-F. , Myanovska Anastasiya , Joppe Tobias , Lissy Friederike , Sheldrick George M. , Koszinowski Konrad , Diederichsen Ulf 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe DNA bisintercalator triostin A is structurally based on a disulfide‐bridged depsipeptide scaffold that provides preorganization of two quinoxaline units in 10.5 Å distance. Triostin A analogues are synthesized with nucleobase recognition units replacing the quinoxalines and containing two additional recognition units in between. Thus, four nucleobase recognition units are organized on a rigid template, well suited for DNA double strand interactions. The new tetra‐nucleobase binders are synthesized as aza‐TANDEM derivatives lacking the N‐methylation of triostin A and based on a cyclopeptide backbone. Synthesis of two tetra‐nucleobase aza‐TANDEM derivatives is established, DNA interaction analyzed by microscale thermophoresis, cytotoxic activity studied and a nucleobase sequence dependent self‐aggregation investigated by mass spectrometry.
Prenatal diagnosis of chromothripsis, with nine breaks characterized by karyotyping, FISH, microarray and whole‐genome sequencing
Authors: Macera M. J. , Sobrino A. , Levy B. , Jobanputra V. , Aggarwal V. , Mills A. , Esteves C. , Hanscom C. , Pereira S. , Pillalamarri V. , Ordulu Z. , Morton C. C. , Talkowski M. , Warburton D. 
Published: July 2014

What's already known about this topic?

Chromothripsis is a recently described phenomenon whereby a single catastrophic event leads to multiple chromosome breaks and subsequent repair through nonhomologous end joining. The result can present karyotypically as a complex rearrangement and occurs both congenitally and in cancer cells.What does this study add?

We report, to our knowledge, the first case of congenital chromothripsis uncovered prenatally through a combination of G‐banded karyotype analysis and whole‐genome sequencing by jumping libraries. The G‐banded karyotype initially suggested the involvement of five chromosomes and six breakpoints. Whole‐genome sequencing further resolved this event to include nine total breakpoints that disrupt seven independent genes, all in the presence of a normal microarray result. This emphasizes the complementarity that whole‐genome sequencing can provide to the initial karyotype analysis as a reflex test when a rearrangement is detected. We also discuss the dilemma of prognosis with this finding.
An improved bulk air–sea surface flux algorithm, including spray‐mediated transfer
Authors: Andreas Edgar L , Mahrt Larry , Vickers Dean 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA bulk air–sea flux algorithm couples the ocean and the lower atmosphere through flux boundary conditions and can be used in various analyses and in numerical models. The algorithm described here has two features not present in any other existing bulk flux algorithm. First, it has a new air–sea drag relation. Here, for wind speeds above about 9 m s−1, the friction velocity u✻, which is related to the square root of the surface stress, is linearly related to UN10, the neutral‐stability 10 m wind speed. When extrapolated to hurricane‐strength winds, this drag relation has better properties than relations formulated in terms of a drag coefficient or a roughness length. The second unique feature of this flux algorithm is that it recognizes two routes by which heat and moisture cross the air–sea interface: one is the interfacial route, which is controlled by molecular processes right at the air–sea interface; the second is the spray‐mediated route, which is governed by microphysical processes at the surface of sea spray droplets. Through microphysical theory and our analysis of 4000 sets of eddy‐covariance measurements of the scalar fluxes, we separate the measured fluxes into the interfacial and spray contributions and thereby produce the only spray flux algorithm tested and validated against oceanic data. Because all components of our flux algorithm are physics‐based and validated with data for winds up to 25 m s−1, one application is extrapolating this algorithm to hurricane‐strength winds, where sea spray plays a dominant role in scalar transfer.
Ethnically diverse students' knowledge structures in first‐semester organic chemistry
Authors: Lopez Enrique J. , Shavelson Richard J. , Nandagopal Kiruthiga , Szu Evan , Penn John 
Published: July 2014

AbstractChemistry courses remain a challenge for many undergraduate students. In particular, first‐semester organic chemistry has been labeled as a gatekeeper with high attrition rates, especially among students of color. Our study examines a key factor related to conceptual understanding in science and predictive of course outcomes—knowledge structures. Previous research on knowledge structures has focused on differences between experts and novices. Given the increasing ethnic diversity of college classrooms and research indicating unique differences in certain higher order cognitive processes associated cultural practices and ethnicity, it is important to investigate whether similar patterns exist with respect to knowledge structures. Our study utilized concept maps to measure knowledge structures. Two separate analyses where performed to determine whether or not ethnically diverse students' organize their knowledge of organic chemistry content in structurally different ways. The first analysis utilized concept map proposition scoring to examine the influence of prior science achievement and ethnicity on knowledge structures. The second analysis examined holistic map structures to determine whether or not ethnically diverse students show qualitatively distinct structures overall. Results show significant mean differences on concept map proposition scores related to both prior science achievement and ethnic group membership. However, examination of holistic structures revealed that students' qualitative holistic structures did not vary by ethnic group membership. Taken together, our findings suggest that variation in students' knowledge structures are related to prior science achievement across ethnic groups, not qualitative differences in the ways ethnically diverse students' structure knowledge. Implications for teaching and learning in organic chemistry are discussed. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 51: 741–758, 2014