bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Alkali Treatment on the Morphology and Tensile Properties of Cordia Dichotoma Fabric/Polycarbonate Composites
Authors: Jayaramudu J. , Reddy G. Siva Mohan , Varaprasad K. , Sadiku E. R. , Ray S. Sinha , Rajulu A. Varada 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThe newly identified natural fabric from the tree of Cordia dichotoma was coated with polycarbonate. Tensile parameters, such as, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and percentage of elongation at the break of the fabrics were determined using a universal testing machine. The effects of alkali treatment and the polycarbonate coating on the tensile properties of the fabric were studied. The morphology of the fabric before and after alkali treatment and polycarbonate coating was studied using the scanning electron and polarized optical microscopic techniques. Improvement in tensile properties, following polycarbonate coating, was attributed to the filling up of the void regions of the uniaxial fabrics with the polycarbonate, thereby facilitating continuity. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 2013, 32, 21349; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21349
The genomic psychiatry cohort: Partners in discovery
Authors: Pato Michele T. , Sobell Janet L. , Medeiros Helena , Abbott Colony , Sklar Brooke M. , Buckley Peter F. , Bromet Evelyn J. , Escamilla Michael A. , Fanous Ayman H. , Lehrer Douglas S. , Macciardi Fabio , Malaspina Dolores , McCarroll Steve A. , Marder Stephen R. , Moran Jennifer , Morley Christopher P. , Nicolini Humberto , Perkins Diana O. , Purcell Shaun M. , Rapaport Mark H. , Sklar Pamela , Smoller Jordan W. , Knowles James A. ,   The Genomic Psychiatry Cohort Consortium, Pato Carlos N. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe Genomic Psychiatry Cohort (GPC) is a longitudinal resource designed to provide the necessary population‐based sample for large‐scale genomic studies, studies focusing on Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) and/or other alternate phenotype constructs, clinical and interventional studies, nested case–control studies, long‐term disease course studies, and genomic variant‐to‐phenotype studies. We provide and will continue to encourage access to the GPC as an international resource. DNA and other biological samples and diagnostic data are available through the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Repository. After appropriate review and approval by an advisory board, investigators are able to collaborate in, propose, and co‐lead studies involving cohort participants. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization of epoxies cured with bimodal blends of polyetheramines
Authors: McAninch Ian M. , Palmese Giuseppe R. , Lenhart Joseph L. , La Scala John J. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTDGEBA was cured with bimodal blends of polyetheramines as well as with single molecular weight amines while maintaining stoichiometry. Glass transition temperatures (Tgs) and moduli were measured using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Fracture properties were measured using the compact tension geometry and testing was performed at both ambient and non‐ambient temperatures, investigating toughness changes as a function of temperature. For constant amine average molecular weights, the addition of high molecular weight amines caused increased glassy moduli at a constant T − Tg and decreased densities while broadening the glass transition without changing the fracture toughness. The fracture behavior, specifically the slip‐stick to brittle transition, was affected by the broadened transitions. Tg, breadth of Tg, and total damping were found to be proportional to the volume fraction of amine in the system. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 1621–1631, 2013
Effect of low‐concentration alkali solution pretreatment on the properties of bamboo particles reinforced poly(lactic acid) composites
Authors: Qian Shaoping , Mao Hailiang , Sheng Kuichuan , Lu Jun , Luo Yifan , Hou Congyu 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTBamboo particles (BP) were treated with 0.3N (1.20 wt %) low‐concentration alkali solution for different times (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 24 h) as reinforcements in poly(lactic acid) (PLA) biodegradable composites. Characteristics of BP by composition analysis, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer‐Emmett Teller test, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, showed that low‐concentration alkali treatment had a significant influence on the microstructure, specific surface area, and chemical groups of BP. PLA/treated‐BP and PLA/untreated‐BP composites were both produced with 30 wt % BP contents. Mechanical measurements showed that tensile strength, tensile modulus, and elongation at break of PLA/BP composites increased when the alkali treatment time reached 3.0 h with maximal values of 44.21, 406.41 MPa, and 6.22%, respectively. Maximal flexural strength and flexural modulus of 83.85 MPa and 4.50 GPa were also found after 3.0‐h alkali treatment. Differential scanning calorimetric analysis illustrated that PLA/BP composites had a better compatibility and larger PLA crystallinity after 3.0‐h treatment. Overall, low concentration alkali treatment was a feasible technology in creating BP reinforced PLA composites. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 1667–1674, 2013
Effects of annealing on structure and deformation mechanism of isotactic polypropylene film with row‐nucleated lamellar structure
Authors: Ding Zhitian , Bao Ruiying , Zhao Bo , Yan Jing , Liu Zhengying , Yang Mingbo 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThe effects of annealing on structure and deformation mechanism of isotactic polypropylene films with row‐nucleated lamellar structure were investigated. The microstructure developments of the lamellar structure and amorphous during annealing were detected by differential scanning calorimeter and Fourier transform infrared. As annealing went on, the “core–shell sandwich” lamellar structure was proposed to explain the unique tensile property and the microstructure changes of the annealed films. The recrystallized lamellar structure improved the ability of slipping resistance of original lamellar structure during stretching. Microporous membranes were produced through melt extrusion/annealing/uniaxial stretching way. The uniformities of micropore structure of microporous membranes were improved as the annealing time increased for the annealed films. As the “core–shell sandwich” structure developed during annealing, the shapes and diameters of micropore structure were getting more uniform. The annealing time for annealed films improved the water vapor transmission of the microporous membranes, indicating the increased interconnectivity of the pore structure. The pore dimensions of the microporous membranes measured by mercury porosimetry increased with the annealing time for annealed films. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 1659–1666, 2013
Feasibility of robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Boggi U , Signori S , De Lio N , Perrone V G , Vistoli F , Belluomini M , Cappelli C , Amorese G , Mosca F 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background
Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy is feasible, but requires adaptations to established surgical techniques. The improved dexterity offered by robotic assistance provides the opportunity to see whether laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy can be performed safely when faithfully reproducing the open operation.

Methods
Patients were selected for robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy when generally suitable for laparoscopy. Obese patients were excluded, and those with pancreatic cancer were highly selected. A prospectively designed database was used for data collection and analysis.

Results
Of 238 patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy, 34 (14·3 per cent) were operated on robotically. No procedure was converted to conventional laparoscopy or open surgery, despite three patients requiring segmental resection of the superior mesenteric/portal vein and reconstruction. The mean duration of operation was 597 (range 420–960) min. The mean number of lymph nodes retrieved and analysed from patients with neoplasia was 32 (range 15–76). Four patients required blood transfusions and five developed postoperative complications exceeding Clavien–Dindo grade II. There were four grade B pancreatic fistulas. One patient died on postoperative day 40. Excess mean operative cost compared with open resection was €6193.

Conclusion
Selected patients can safely undergo robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy. The main downsides are high costs and prolonged operating times compared with open resection.
Systematic review of central pancreatectomy and meta-analysis of centralversusdistal pancreatectomy
Authors: Iacono C , Verlato G , Ruzzenente A , Campagnaro T , Bacchelli C , Valdegamberi A , Bortolasi L , Guglielmi A 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundCentral pancreatectomy (CP) is a parenchyma-sparing surgical procedure that enables the removal of benign and/or low-grade malignant lesions from the neck and proximal body of the pancreas. The aim of this review was to evaluate the short- and long-term surgical results of CP from all published studies, and the results of comparative studies of CP versus distal pancreatectomy (DP).MethodsEligible studies published between 1988 and 2010 were reviewed systematically. Comparisons between CP and DP were pooled and analysed by meta-analytical techniques using random- or fixed-effects models, as appropriate.ResultsNinety-four studies, involving 963 patients undergoing CP, were identified. Postoperative morbidity and pancreatic fistula rates were 45·3 and 40·9 per cent respectively. Endocrine and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency was reported in 5·0 and 9·9 per cent of patients. The overall mortality rate was 0·8 per cent. Compared with DP, CP had a higher postoperative morbidity rate and a higher incidence of pancreatic fistula, but a lower risk of endocrine insufficiency (relative risk (RR) 0·22, 95 per cent confidence interval 0·14 to 0·35; P &lt; 0·001). The risk of exocrine failure was also lower after CP, although this was not significant (RR 0·59, 0·32 to 1·07; P = 0·082).ConclusionCP is a safe procedure with good long-term functional reserve. In situations where DP represents an alternative, CP is associated with a slightly higher risk of early complications.
Health-related quality of life after laparoscopic and open surgery for rectal cancer in a randomized trial
Authors: Andersson J , Angenete E , Gellerstedt M , Angerås U , Jess P , Rosenberg J , Fürst A , Bonjer J , Haglind E 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background
Previous studies comparing laparoscopic and open surgical techniques have reported improved health-related quality of life (HRQL). This analysis compared HRQL 12 months after laparoscopic versus open surgery for rectal cancer in a subset of a randomized trial.

Methods
The setting was a multicentre randomized trial (COLOR II) comparing laparoscopic and open surgery for rectal cancer. Involvement in the HRQL study of COLOR II was optional. Patients completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CR38, and EuroQol – 5D (EQ-5D™) before surgery, and 4 weeks, 6, 12 and 24 months after operation. Analysis was done according to the manual for each instrument.

Results
Of 617 patients in hospitals participating in the HRQL study of COLOR II, 385 were included. The HRQL deteriorated to moderate/severe degrees after surgery, gradually returning to preoperative values over time. Changes in EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CR38, and EQ-5D™ were not significantly different between the groups regarding global health score or any of the dimensions or symptoms at 4 weeks, 6 or 12 months after surgery.

Conclusion
In contrast to previous studies in patients with colonic cancer, HRQL after rectal cancer surgery was not affected by surgical approach. Registration number: NCT0029779 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Rapid quantification of amlodipine enantiomers in human plasma by LC‐MS/MS: application to a clinical pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Hotha Kishore Kumar , Roychowdhury Swapan , Mullangi Ramesh , Ravindranath L. K. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTA rapid, simple, specific and sensitive LC‐MS/MS method has been developed and validated for the enantiomeric quantification of amlodipine (AML) isomers [R‐amlodipine (R‐AML) and S‐amlodipine (S‐AML)] with 200 μL of human plasma using R‐AML‐d4 and S‐AML‐d4 as corresponding internal standards as per regulatory guidelines. A simple liquid–liquid extraction process was used to extract these analytes from human plasma. The total run time was 3.5 min and the elution of R‐AML, S‐AML, R‐AML‐d4 and S‐AML‐d4 occurred at 1.62, 2.51, 1.63 and 2.53 min, respectively. This was achieved with a mobile phase consisting of 0.2% ammonia–acetonitrile (20:80, v/v) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min on a Chiralcel OJ RH column. A linear response function was established for the range of concentrations 0.1–10 ng/mL (r >0.998) for each enantiomer. The intra‐ and inter‐day precision values for both enantiomers met the acceptance criteria. Both enantiomers were stable in a set of stability studies, viz. bench‐top, auto‐sampler, freeze–thaw cycles and long‐term. The current assay was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study to quantitate AML enantiomers following oral administration of 10 mg AML tablet to humans. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Glycosyl‐Modified Diporphyrins for in Vitro and in Vivo Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Wu Ming , Yu Zuo‐Wei , Liu Yang , Feng Dao‐Fu , Yang Jia‐Jia , Yin Xue‐Bo , Zhang Tao , Chen Dong‐Yan , Liu Tian‐Jun , Feng Xi‐Zeng 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe application of probes for optical imaging is becoming popular as they have high safety and good biocompatibility. We prepared two kinds of glycosyl‐modified diporphyrins, and their potentials as fluorescent probes were tested for the first time. After preparation of the glycosyl‐modified porphyrin monomers, Ag‐promoted coupling of the monomers was used to obtain glucose‐modified porphyrin dimer (GPD) and lactose‐modified porphyrin dimer (LPD). The strong interaction between the two porphyrin rings achieves red‐shifted emission, and thus circumvents autofluorescence and light‐scattering in biological samples. Although the glycosylation improves solubility, it also yielded selective attachment to cell membranes, and to chorions of early developmental‐stage zebrafish. Patch‐clamp experiments revealed the biocompatibility and low toxicity of GPD and LPD. Moreover, an in vivo imaging experiment provided direct evidence that zebrafish chorion contains sugar‐binding proteins. The modification and derivatization make porphyrins potential bioimaging probes for specific optical imaging.
Bioactivity‐Guided Genome Mining Reveals the Lomaiviticin Biosynthetic Gene Cluster in Salinispora tropica
Authors: Kersten Roland D. , Lane Amy L. , Nett Markus , Richter Taylor K. S. , Duggan Brendan M. , Dorrestein Pieter C. , Moore Bradley S. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe use of genome sequences has become routine in guiding the discovery and identification of microbial natural products and their biosynthetic pathways. In silico prediction of molecular features, such as metabolic building blocks, physico‐chemical properties or biological functions, from orphan gene clusters has opened up the characterization of many new chemo‐ and genotypes in genome mining approaches. Here, we guided our genome mining of two predicted enediyne pathways in Salinispora tropica CNB‐440 by a DNA interference bioassay to isolate DNA‐targeting enediyne polyketides. An organic extract of S. tropica showed DNA‐interference activity that surprisingly was not abolished in genetic mutants of the targeted enediyne pathways, ST_pks1 and spo. Instead we showed that the product of the orphan type II polyketide synthase pathway, ST_pks2, is solely responsible for the DNA‐interfering activity of the parent strain. Subsequent comparative metabolic profiling revealed the lomaiviticins, glycosylated diazofluorene polyketides, as the ST_pks2 products. This study marks the first report of the 59 open reading frame lomaiviticin gene cluster (lom) and supports the biochemical logic of their dimeric construction through a pathway related to the kinamycin monomer.
Detection of miRNA in Live Cells by Using Templated RuII‐Catalyzed Unmasking of a Fluorophore
Authors: Sadhu Kalyan K. , Winssinger Nicolas 
Published: May 2013

AbstractReactions templated by cellular nucleic acids are attractive for nucleic acid sensing or responsive systems. Herein we report the use of a photocatalyzed reductive cleavage of an immolative linker to unmask a rhodamine fluorophore, and its application to miRNA imaging. The reaction was found to proceed with a very high turnover (>4000) and provided reliable detection down to 5 pM of template by using γ‐serine‐modified peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes. The reaction was used for the selective detection of miR‐21 in BT474 cells and miR‐31 in HeLa cells following irradiation for 30 min. The probes were introduced by using reversible permeation with streptolysin‐O (SLO) or a transfection technique.
Distinct glutamatergic and GABAergic subsets of hypothalamic pro‐opiomelanocortin neurons revealed by in situ hybridization in male rats and mice
Authors: Wittmann Gábor , Hrabovszky Erik , Lechan Ronald M. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTPro‐opiomelanocortin (POMC) and agouti‐related protein (AGRP) neurons in the hypothalamus regulate various aspects of energy homeostasis and metabolism. POMC and AGRP neurons, respectively, agonize and antagonize melanocortin receptors on their common downstream neurons. However, it is unknown whether they also reciprocally stimulate and inhibit the same neurons by amino acid transmitters. Whereas AGRP neurons are mostly GABAergic, surprisingly, only a small population of POMC neurons has been found to be glutamatergic, and a significantly larger subpopulation to be GABAergic. To further examine amino acid phenotypes of POMC neurons, we studied mRNA expression for the glutamatergic marker, type 2 vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT2), and the GABA synthetic enzyme, glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67), in POMC neurons of both rats and mice by using in situ hybridization techniques. In rats, approximately 58% of POMC neurons were labeled for VGLUT2 and 37% for GAD67 mRNA. In mice, approximately 43% of POMC neurons contained VGLUT2, and 54% contained GAD67 mRNA. In both species, a prominent mediolateral distribution pattern was observed at rostral and mid levels of the POMC cell group with VGLUT2–POMC neurons dominating in lateral portions and GAD67–POMC neurons in medial portions. These data demonstrate that both glutamatergic and GABAergic cells are present in comparably significant numbers among POMC neurons. Their glutamatergic or GABAergic phenotype may represent a major functional division within the POMC cell group. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:3287–3302, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization of the trunk neural crest in the bamboo shark, Chiloscyllium punctatum
Authors: Juarez Marilyn , Reyes Michelle , Coleman Tiffany , Rotenstein Lisa , Sao Sothy , Martinez Darwin , Jones Matthew , Mackelprang Rachel , De Bellard Maria Elena 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThe neural crest is a population of mesenchymal cells that after migrating from the neural tube gives rise to structure and cell types: the jaw, part of the peripheral ganglia, and melanocytes. Although much is known about neural crest development in jawed vertebrates, a clear picture of trunk neural crest development for elasmobranchs is yet to be developed. Here we present a detailed study of trunk neural crest development in the bamboo shark, Chiloscyllium punctatum. Vital labeling with dioctadecyl tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) and in situ hybridization using cloned Sox8 and Sox9 probes demonstrated that trunk neural crest cells follow a pattern similar to the migratory paths already described in zebrafish and amphibians. We found shark trunk neural crest along the rostral side of the somites, the ventromedial pathway, the branchial arches, the gut, the sensory ganglia, and the nerves. Interestingly, C. punctatum Sox8 and Sox9 sequences aligned with vertebrate SoxE genes, but appeared to be more ancient than the corresponding vertebrate paralogs. The expression of these two SoxE genes in trunk neural crest cells, especially Sox9, matched the Sox10 migratory patterns observed in teleosts. Also of interest, we observed DiI cells and Sox9 labeling along the lateral line, suggesting that in C. punctatum, glial cells in the lateral line are likely of neural crest origin. Although this has been observed in other vertebrates, we are the first to show that the pattern is present in cartilaginous fishes. These findings demonstrate that trunk neural crest cell development in C. punctatum follows the same highly conserved migratory pattern observed in jawed vertebrates. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:3303–3320, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Visual exploration of data by using multidimensional scaling on multicore CPU, GPU, and MPI cluster
Authors: Pawliczek Piotr , Dzwinel Witold , Yuen David A. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTVisual and interactive data exploration requires fast and reliable tools for embedding of an original data space in 3(2)‐dimensional Euclidean space. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) is a good candidate. However, owing to at least O(M2) memory and time complexity, MDS is computationally demanding for interactive visualization of data sets consisting of order of 104 objects on computer systems, ranging from PC with multicore CPU processor, graphics processing unit (GPU) board to midrange MPI clusters. To explore interactively data sets of that size, we have developed novel efficient parallel algorithms for MDS mapping based on virtual particle dynamics. We demonstrate that the performance of our MDS algorithms implemented in compute unified device architecture environment on a PC equipped with a modern GPU board (Tesla M2090, GeForce GTX 480) is considerably faster than its MPI/OpenMP parallel implementation on the modern midrange professional cluster (10 nodes, each equipped with 2x Intel Xeon X5670 CPUs). We also show that the hybridized two‐level MPI/CUDA implementation, run on a cluster of GPU nodes, can additionally provide a linear speedup. Copyright 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fast synthesis of Cu‐doped ZnO nanosheets at ambient condition
Authors: Wang J. P. , Xu C. H. , You Y. F. , Si Z. S. , Li D. L. , Shi S. Q. 
Published: May 2013

A new, fast and low cost method to produce Cu‐doped ZnO nanosheets is reported for the first time in this paper. Zinc foil specimens were immersed into CuSO4 aqueous solutions with various concentrations for 3 seconds and then dried at ambient condition. The immersed specimens were characterized with a scanning electron microscope, an X‐ray diffractometer and a transmission electron microscope. The results show that Cu‐doped ZnO nanosheets with a multilayer structure on a cupper layer are formed. Cu‐doped ZnO nanosheets show hexagonal crystalline structure and comprises polycrystalline grains with diameters of 5∼10 nm. A physical modal is suggested to explain the prepared Cu‐doped ZnO nanosheet structure, based on the chemical reactions and a metallurgical cell.