bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Biomarkerization of Alzheimer’s Disease: From (Early) Diagnosis to Anticipation?
Authors: Boenink Marianne , van der Molen Lennart 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe idea that disease can exist without symptoms has recently been boosted by the increasing number of molecular biomarkers. This also spurred controversy about the desirability of early diagnosis. Biomarkers’ role in early diagnosis and definition of disease, as well as the controversies this raises, are particularly noticeable in the domain of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This chapter analyses how the introduction of biomarkers in the AD field has reshaped the conceptualization of ‘AD’. We begin by reconstructing and analysing the subsequent versions of criteria to diagnose AD, issued by the National Institute of Ageing and the Alzheimer’s Association (NIA-AA). This reconstruction is then used to show how biomarker research induces a gradual shift from an ‘ontological’ to a ‘physiological’ mode of approaching disease, which also has several implications beyond the field of AD. Firstly, it helps to see that biomarker testing affects both individuals with and without symptoms. Moreover, it shows that the search for a more specific diagnosis may result in an explosion of heterogeneity rather than diminish it. Finally, it suggests that the value of biomarkers for healthcare practice may lie in their capacity to anticipate on disease trajectory, rather than in a more precise and earlier diagnosis.
Addiction and Its Ambiguities: Some Comments from History
Authors: Blok Gemma 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn their rich paper, Mary Jean Walker and Wendy Rogers state that addiction is a ‘paradigmatic borderline case’, its disease status having been contested for at least several centuries. Is addiction a sin, an individual weakness, or a brain disease? Is it caused by the substance, by the individual’s vulnerability and psychology, or by social factors? As historians have demonstrated, ideas about addiction have changed significantly over time (Acker 2002; Carstairs 2006; Courtwright 2001). Walker and Rogers’ conceptualization of the vague cluster approach of disease is very helpful in explaining addiction’s contested status. First of all, addiction is a “vague” condition where the difference between health and disease is a matter of degree. Moreover, criteria that we might use to speak of a disease in spite of this vagueness, are not easily applied to addiction.
Epilogue: Towards a Toolbox for a Pragmatist Approach to Conceptualization of Health and Disease
Authors: Schermer Maartje , van der Linden Rik , Bolt Timo , Binney Nicholas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this Epilogue, we bring together the different strands of the volume, and reflect on the lessons learned in the international workshop. We discuss next questions to be asked and steps to be taken for the further development and application of our pragmatic approach. We end by tentatively proposing a ‘toolbox’ intended to give guidance to further inquire on the concept and conceptions of Disease, specific diseases, and health, as they function in numerous practical contexts.
Combining [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TOC PRRT with PARP inhibitors to enhance treatment efficacy in small cell lung cancer
Authors: Rauch Hartmut , Kitzberger Carolin , Janghu Kirti , Hawarihewa Pavithra , Nguyen Nghia T. , Min Yu , Ballke Simone , Steiger Katja , Weber Wolfgang A. , Kossatz Susanne 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive tumor with neuroendocrine origin. Although SCLC frequently express somatostatin receptor type 2 (SSTR2), a significant clinical benefit of SSTR2-targeted radionuclide therapies of SCLC was not observed so far. We hypothesize that combination treatment with a PARP inhibitor (PARPi) could lead to radiosensitization and increase the effectiveness of SSTR2-targeted therapy in SCLC.

Methods
SSTR2-ligand uptake of the SCLC cell lines H69 and H446 was evaluated in vitro using flow cytometry, and in vivo using SPECT imaging and cut-and-count biodistribution. Single-agent (Olaparib, Rucaparib, [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TOC) and combination treatment responses were determined in vitro via cell viability, clonogenic survival and γH2AX DNA damage assays. In vivo, we treated athymic nude mice bearing H69 or H446 xenografts with Olaparib, Rucaparib, or [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TOC alone or with combination treatment regimens to assess the impact on tumor growth and survival of the treated mice.

Results
H446 and H69 cells exhibited low SSTR2 expression, i.e. 60 to 90% lower uptake of SSTR2-ligands compared to AR42J cells. In vitro, combination treatment of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TOC with PARPi resulted in 2.9- to 67-fold increased potency relative to [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TOC alone. We observed decreased clonogenic survival and higher amounts of persistent DNA damage compared to single-agent treatment for both Olaparib and Rucaparib. In vivo, tumor doubling times increased to 1.6-fold (H446) and 2.2-fold (H69) under combination treatment, and 1.0 to 1.1-fold (H446) and 1.1 to 1.7-fold (H69) in monotherapies compared to untreated animals. Concurrently, median survival was higher in the combination treatment groups in both models compared to monotherapy and untreated mice. Fractionating the PRRT dose did not lead to further improvement of therapeutic outcome.

Conclusion
The addition of PARPi can markedly improve the potency of SSTR2-targeted PRRT in SCLC models in SSTR2 low-expressing tumors. Further evaluation in humans seems justified based on the results as novel treatment options for SCLC are urgently needed.

Graphical Abstract
Practical considerations in the management of patients treated with bosutinib for chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Lipton Jeffrey H. , Brümmendorf Tim H. , Sweet Kendra , Apperley Jane F. , Cortes Jorge E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBosutinib is a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome–positive chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and for patients with Ph + chronic phase, accelerated phase, or blast phase CML resistant or intolerant to prior therapy. As is the case for all TKIs approved for treatment of CML, bosutinib is associated with adverse events (AEs) that require appropriate management to ensure adherence to treatment and optimized outcomes. The aim of this review is to provide physicians with updated practical information for the prevention and management of AEs occurring during treatment with bosutinib, including dosing strategies, based on the latest published evidence and clinical experience. Clinical studies and real-world evidence have shown bosutinib has a generally favorable safety profile, which has remained consistent across lines of therapy and in long-term reports. Adjusting the starting dose and/or modifying the dose during treatment with bosutinib are important strategies to manage AEs and improve tolerability, which are recognized within the label and in treatment guidelines. Dosing adjustment strategies to manage AEs are a recognized management approach for other TKIs in the treatment of CML and are not exclusive to bosutinib. In summary, long-term results from clinical trials and emerging real-world evidence demonstrate bosutinib has a safety profile that can largely be managed with treatment modifications and/or supportive care. Increased experience in managing toxicities and by using a personalized dosing approach may further improve adherence and outcomes with bosutinib.
Advancing wastewater treatment: chitin and derivatives for PPCP contaminant mitigation
Authors: Atheena P. V. , Basawa Renuka , Raval Ritu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThere is a growing threat of wastewater pollution impacting human access to clean water. The surge in pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in such water has reached alarming levels, posing an unprecedented threat to aquatic ecosystems and human health. Conventional wastewater treatment is not specifically tailored to address the presence of PPCPs. This paper examines the possibility of using nano-chitin and chitosan as effective and sustainable adsorbents for the removal of PPCPs from wastewater. The recent progress in functionalized nano-chitin or chitosan composites is reviewed with attention to enhanced adsorption capacity and selectivity toward different classes of PPCPs. Unique features of nano-chitin and chitosan, such as their large surface areas and biocompatibility making them a good choice for PPCP adsorption, are also discussed. Critical evaluation is given about how these nanomaterials absorb PPCPs by looking at various mechanisms like electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interaction, among others. Finally, future research directions provided for improving performance and scalability of such bio-based adsorbents are discussed.
Graphical Abstract
Serological responses to vaccination in children exposed in utero to ustekinumab or vedolizumab: cross-sectional analysis of a prospective multicentre cohort
Authors: Mitrova Katarina , Cerna Karin , Zdychyncova Kristyna , Pipek Barbora , Svikova Jana , Minarikova Petra , Adamcova Miroslava , David Jan , Lukas Milan , Duricova Dana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEvidence on serological responses to vaccination in children exposed to ustekinumab (UST) or vedolizumab (VDZ) in utero is lacking. This multicentre prospective study aimed to assess the impact of prenatal exposure to UST or VDZ due to maternal inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on serological responses to vaccination and other immunological parameters in exposed children. Children aged ≥ 1 year who were exposed in utero to UST or VDZ and completed at least 1-year of mandatory vaccination were included. We assessed the serological response to vaccination (non-live: tetanus, diphtheria, and Haemophilus influenzae B; live: mumps, rubella, and measles), whole blood count, and immunoglobulin levels. The control group comprised unexposed children born to mothers without IBD. A total of 23 children (median age, 25 months) exposed to UST (n = 13) or VDZ (n = 10) and 10 controls (median age, 37 months) were included. The serological response to vaccination was comparable between the UST and VDZ groups and controls, with an adequate serological response rate of ≥ 80%. Only children exposed to UST showed a slightly reduced serological response to mumps (67% vs. 86% in controls), whereas all children exposed to VDZ showed an adequate response. The majority of the exposed children had normal levels of individual immunoglobulin classes, similar to the controls. No severe pathology was observed in any of the children.Conclusion: Despite the limited sample size, our findings suggest that in utero exposure to VDZ or UST does not significantly impair the vaccine response or broader immunological parameters in exposed children.

What is known:• Treatment with anti-TNF inhibitors during pregnancy does not appear to affect serologic response to vaccination in exposed children.• Evidence on the efficacy of vaccination in children exposed to ustekinumab or vedolizumab in utero is almost lacking.What is new:• Our findings suggest that in utero exposure to ustekinumab or vedolizumab does not significantly affect the serological responses to common childhood non-live (tetanus, Haemophilus influenzae B, diphtheria) and live vaccines (measles, mumps, rubella).• No major adverse effects on overall immunological health were observed in children exposed in utero to ustekinumab or vedolizumab.
Non-crossing Hamiltonian Paths and Cycles in Output-Polynomial Time
Authors: Eppstein David 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe show that, for planar point sets, the number of non-crossing Hamiltonian paths is polynomially bounded in the number of non-crossing paths, and the number of non-crossing Hamiltonian cycles (polygonalizations) is polynomially bounded in the number of surrounding cycles. As a consequence, we can list the non-crossing Hamiltonian paths or the polygonalizations, in time polynomial in the output size, by filtering the output of simple backtracking algorithms for non-crossing paths or surrounding cycles respectively. We do not assume that the points are in general position. To prove these results we relate the numbers of non-crossing structures to two easily-computed parameters of the point set: the minimum number of points whose removal results in a collinear set, and the number of points interior to the convex hull. These relations also lead to polynomial-time approximation algorithms for the numbers of structures of all four types, accurate to within a constant factor of the logarithm of these numbers.
Women speaker representation at SAGES annual meetings: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Maskal Sara M. , Chang Jenny H. , Essani Varisha , Moe Ava , Al Marzooqi Raha , Remulla Daphne , Jackson Hope T. , Beffa Lucas R. A. , Lum Sharon S. , Matthew Walsh R. , Prabhu Ajita S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Gender representation trends at the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) Annual Meetings and the effect of the 2018 ‘We R SAGES’ initiatives are unknown. We assessed gender trends in oral presentations at the SAGES Annual Meeting between 2012 and 2022 with a focus on assessing the impact of the 2018 initiatives.

Methods
Abstracts selected for oral presentations from 2012 to 2022 were reviewed for presenter and first, second, and senior author gender. Gender was categorized as woman, man, or unknown using public professional profiles. Subsequent publications were identified using search engines. The primary outcome was the temporal trend of proportion of women in each role using interrupted time series analysis. Secondary outcomes included publication rates based on first and senior author genders in 2012–2018 versus 2019–2022.

Results
1605 abstracts were reviewed. The proportion of women increased linearly in all categories: presenter (2.4%/year, R2 = 0.91), first author (2.4%/year, R2 = 0.90), senior author (2%/year, R2 = 0.65), and overall (2.2%, R2 = 0.91), (p < 0.01 for all). Prior to 2018, the proportion of women increased annually for presenters (coefficient: 0.026, 95% CI [0.016, 0.037], p = 0.002) and first authors (coefficient: 0.026, 95% CI [0.016, 0.037], p = 0.002), but there was no significant increase after 2018 (p > 0.05). Female second author proportion increased annually prior to 2018 (coefficient: 0.012, 95% CI [0.003, 0.021], p = 0.042) and increased by 0.139 (95% CI [0.070, 0.208], p = 0.006) in 2018. Annual female senior author proportion did not significantly change after 2018 (p > 0.05). 1198 (75.2%) abstracts led to publications. Women were as likely as men to be first (79% vs 77%, p = 0.284) or senior author (79% vs 77%, p = 0.702) in abstracts culminating in publications. There was no difference in woman first author publication rate before and after 2018 (80% vs 79%, p = 1.000), but woman senior author publication rate increased after 2018 (71% vs 83%, p = 0.032).

Conclusion
There was an upward trend in women surgeons’ presentations and associated publications in the SAGES Annual Meetings over the last decade.
The experience of live-remote exercise—perspectives after cancer treatment
Authors: Kotte Melissa , Ringborg Cecilia H. , Wengström Yvonne 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Live-remote exercise interventions, supervised by exercise professionals in a home-based setting, could potentially enhance exercise accessibility for cancer survivors, yet research on their perspectives is limited. This study explored cancer survivors’ experience of exercise within the context of a live-remote exercise intervention, to understand factors influencing exercise engagement.

Methods
Four online focus groups with, in total, 22 breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer survivors were conducted between March and June 2023. These individuals had participated in a 12-week live-remote exercise intervention. The semi-structured discussions were transcribed verbatim and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis with an abductive approach. The Capability, Opportunity, Motivation model of Behaviour (COM-B) served as a supportive framework.

Results
Nine themes were identified and mapped onto COM-B domains (capability, opportunity, motivation). Factors influencing cancer survivors’ exercise engagement included exercise readiness following cancer treatment, bringing exercise closer, in capable hands, peer support through shared experience, life factors as hurdles or support, exercise as an integral component of cancer treatment, caring for myself and others after me, the positive impact of exercise exceeding expectations, and getting into the habit.

Conclusions
Identifying factors shaping exercise engagement, these findings emphasise live-remote’s potential benefit in overcoming barriers and fostering participation. Supervised by professionals, it offered psychosocial and exercise support, facilitating the integration of exercise into daily life.

Implications for cancer survivors
Elucidating key factors for exercise engagement within a live-remote context is essential for developing and implementing live-remote exercise interventions to ensure accessible, integrated exercise for optimal post-treatment well-being for cancer survivors.
Glioma grade and post-neurosurgical meningitis risk
Authors: Niemelä Sakke , Oksi Jarmo , Jero Jussi , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Rahi Melissa , Rinne Jaakko , Posti Jussi P. , Laukka Dan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Post-neurosurgical meningitis (PNM) constitutes a grave complication associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine the risk factors predisposing patients to PNM following surgery for low- and high-grade gliomas.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis encompassing all patients who underwent glioma surgery involving craniotomy at Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland, between 2011 and 2018. Inclusion criteria for PNM were defined as follows: (1) Positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture, (2) CSF leukocyte count ≥ 250 × 106/L with granulocyte percentage ≥ 50%, or (3) CSF lactate concentration ≥ 4 mmol/L, detected after glioma surgery. Glioma grades 3–4 were classified as high-grade (n = 261), while grades 1–2 were designated as low-grade (n = 84).

Results
Among the 345 patients included in this study, PNM developed in 7% (n = 25) of cases. The median time interval between glioma surgery and diagnosis of PNM was 12 days. Positive CSF cultures were observed in 7 (28%) PNM cases, with identified pathogens encompassing Staphylococcus epidermidis (3), Staphylococcus aureus (2), Enterobacter cloacae (1), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1). The PNM group exhibited a higher incidence of reoperations (52% vs. 18%, p < 0.001) and revision surgery (40% vs. 6%, p < 0.001) in comparison to patients without PNM. Multivariable analysis revealed that reoperation (OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.04–6.67) and revision surgery (OR 7.08, 95% CI 2.55–19.70) were significantly associated with PNM, while glioma grade (high-grade vs. low-grade glioma, OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.30–2.22) showed no significant association.

Conclusions
The PNM rate following glioma surgery was 7%. Patients requiring reoperation and revision surgery were at elevated risk for PNM. Glioma grade did not exhibit a direct link with PNM; however, the presence of low-grade gliomas may indirectly heighten the PNM risk through an increased likelihood of future reoperations. These findings underscore the importance of meticulous post-operative care and infection prevention measures in glioma surgeries.
A retrospective descriptive study of male perpetrators of intimate partner violence referred by judicial authorities: an example from Turkey
Authors: Sehlikoğlu Şeyma , Nalbant Ahmet , Sehlikoğlu Kerem , Almiş Behice Han 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Our study examines the socio-demographic, forensic psychiatric, and childhood trauma exposure (CTE) data of Turkish intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators and draws comparisons with the violence data.

Methods
Data of male perpetrators referred to the domestic violence outpatient clinic by judicial authorities between November 2019 and June 2022 were retrospectively examined, with a focus on CTE data.

Results
The mean age of the male perpetrators examined in the study was 37.1 years. Among the overall sample, 16.2% (n = 17) had experienced violence at school in childhood, and 22.9% (n = 24) had experienced CTE. Regarding the frequency of domestic violence in their households, of the perpetrators admitted to the clinic for IPV, 40% (n = 42) reported rarely, 43.8% (n = 46) sometimes, and 16.2% (n = 17) often engaged in violent acts. There is a significant relationship between the frequency of IPV and the level of CTE (χ2: 13.052, SD: 2, p = 0.001, Cramer’s V: 0.353). Similarly, individuals who witnessed domestic violence during childhood were found to commit partner violence more frequently (χ2: 8.157, SD: 2, p = 0.017, Cramer’s V: 0.279).

Conclusions
In this study, we found a strong relationship between CTE and IPV. To the best of our knowledge, our study is only example that investigates the relationship between CTE and IPV in a Turkish sample.
Radiological and intraoperative findings of a rare case of vestibular paroxysmia
Authors: Montano Nicola , Ioannoni Eleonora , Izzo Alessandro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractVestibular paroxysmia (VP) is a rare condition. The pathogenesis is linked to a neurovascular conflict (NVC) between an abnormal arterial loop and the VII/VIII cranial nerve complex in the cerebello-pontine angle. Due to its rarity, intraoperative findings are only anecdotally reported. Here we reported on a case of VP, showing the radiological images and the intraoperative surgical video of microvascular decompression (MVD). Further we discussed our findings considering the pertinent literature. We think that in case of VP the concordance between the side of tinnitus/hypoacusia and the side of NVC on magnetic resonance imaging should be always looked for before considering MVD as a therapeutic option.
Clinical and microbiological features of a cohort of patients with Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infections
Authors: Wu Chongyang , Yuan Yu , Tang Sishi , Liu Chen , He Chao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Acinetobacter baumannii is emerging as a pathogen that is a focus of global concern due to the frequent occurrence of the strains those are extensively resistant to antibiotics. This study was aimed to analyze the clinical and microbiological characteristics of a cohort of patients with A. baumannii bloodstream infections (BSIs) in western China.

Methods
A retrospective study of the patients at West China Hospital of Sichuan University with A. baumannii BSIs between Jan, 2018 and May, 2023 was conducted. Antimicrobial susceptibility of A. baumannii isolates was tested by microdilution broth method. Whole-genome sequencing and genetic analysis were also performed for these isolates.

Results
Among the 117 patients included, longer intensive care unit stay, higher mortality, and more frequent invasive procedures and use of more than 3 classes of antibiotics were observed among the carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB)-infected group (n = 76), compared to the carbapenem-susceptible A. baumannii (CSAB)-infected group (n = 41, all P ≤ 0.001). Twenty-four sequence types (STs) were determined for the 117 isolates, and 98.7% (75/76) of CRAB were identified as ST2. Compared to non-ST2 isolates, ST2 isolates exhibited higher antibiotic resistance, and carried more resistance and virulence genes (P < 0.05). In addition, 80 (68.4%) isolates were CRISPR-positive, showed higher antibiotic susceptibility, and harbored less resistance and virulence genes, in comparison to CRISPR-negative ones (P < 0.05). Phylogenetic clustering based on coregenome SNPs indicated a sporadic occurrence of clonal transmission.

Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate a high frequency of ST2 among A. baumannii causing BSIs, and high antibiotic susceptibility of non-ST2 and CRISPR-positive isolates. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of this pathogen.