bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rates of vascular access use in transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A look into the next generation
Authors: Basir Mir Babar , Velez Carlos , Fuller Brittany , Wyman Janet , Paone Gaetano , Wang Dee Dee , Guerrero Mayra , Greenbaum Adam , O'Neill William 
Published: August 2015

Objective/BackgroundAs smaller TAVR delivery systems emerge we sought to identify differences in vascular access use.MethodsWe analyzed all patients who had undergone TAVR in a single‐center from March 2012 to May 2014. We identified all patients who had undergone nonfemoral TAVR and reviewed their femoral dimensions using CT imaging taking into vascular pathology and minimal lumen diameter (MLD). We then identified those patients in whom a smaller delivery system could have been used if such technology was available at that time.ResultsIn total 208 consecutive TAVRs were performed, 129 cases using femoral arterial access and 75 cases using non‐femoral access; 28 transapical, 27 transcaval, 12 transaortic, and 8 via an antegrade transseptal venous approach. Of the 75 nonfemoral access cases, 63 were completed using commercially available first‐generation valves (Sapien Valve) and 12 using second‐generation valves under research protocols (Sapien XT Valve). Of the 63 cases performed via a non‐femoral route using a first generation valve, 31 cases could have been approached via a transfemoral (TF) route using second‐generation delivery systems; and 48 cases could have been approached via a TF route using third generation delivery systems (S3 Valve). Of the 12 cases performed via a nonfemoral route using a second‐generation valve, 4 cases could have been approached via a TF route using a third‐generation delivery system. In total, only 11% of patients undergoing TAVR could not accommodate smaller second and third generation devices.ConclusionsAs second and third generation devices become commercially available, we anticipate that 89% of cases will be preformed using a TF approach. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Small Molecules in the Treatment of Psoriasis
Authors: Torres Tiago , Filipe Paulo 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Preclinical Research

Psoriasis is an inflammatory systemic skin disease that affects various parts of the body requiring long‐term management due to its chronic nature. Available treatment options include topical, systemic or biological therapies, which have long‐term limitations associated to toxicity, tolerability and risk for adverse effects requiring its intermittent use and close monitoring. Small molecules modulate proinflammatory cytokines, selectively inhibit signaling pathways and showing potential to treat inflammatory diseases in patients not responding to conventional treatments. Presently, small molecules available are phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors or Janus kinase inhibitors. Other small molecules under development for psoriasis include fumaric acid esters, amygdalin analogs, protein kinase C inhibitors, mitogen‐activated protein kinase inhibitors, spleen protein kinase inhibitors, other tyrosine kinase inhibitors, sphingosine 1‐phosphate receptor agonists, and A3 adenosine receptor agonists. These new treatment options represent important advances in the development of specific drugs to respond to the goals of treatment and improve patient quality of life. Drug Dev Res 76 : 215‐227, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enhanced Anodic Electrochemiluminescence of Dissolved Oxygen with 2‐(Dibutylamino) ethanol at TiO2 Nanoparticles Modified Platinum Electrode for Dopamine Detection
Authors: Guo Yun‐Xia , Li Qi‐Le , Ding Shou‐Nian , Bao Ning 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe anodic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of dissolved oxygen with 2‐(dibutylamino) ethanol (DBAE) on platinum electrode has been reported previously by our group. Interestingly, the ECL intensity can be greatly amplified at TiO2 nanoparticles modified platinum electrode (TiO2/Pt), which is due to the catalytic effect of TiO2 nanoparticles to electrochemical oxidation of DBAE. It is the first case to obtain the enhanced ECL from luminophor by electrochemical catalysis of co‐reactant. The enhanced anodic ECL intensity can be quenched by dopamine sensitively. And the ECL intensity versus the logarithm of concentration of dopamine was linear over the 4.0×10−12–1.8×10−8 M (R2=0.9957), with the limit of detection of 2.7×10−12 M (S/N=3).
Contrasting effects of chloride on growth, reproduction, and toxicant sensitivity in two genetically distinct strains of Hyalella azteca
Authors: Soucek David J. , Mount David R. , Dickinson Amy , Hockett J. Russell , McEwen Abigail R. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

The strain of Hyalella azteca (Saussure: Amphipoda) commonly used for aquatic toxicity testing in the United States has been shown to perform poorly in some standardized reconstituted waters frequently used for other test species. In 10-d and 42-d experiments, the growth and reproduction of the US laboratory strain of H. azteca was shown to vary strongly with chloride concentration in the test water, with declining performance observed below 15 mg/L to 20 mg/L. In contrast to the chloride-dependent performance of the US laboratory strain of H. azteca, growth of a genetically distinct strain of H. azteca obtained from an Environment Canada laboratory in Burlington, Ontario, Canada, was not influenced by chloride concentration. In acute toxicity tests with the US laboratory strain of H. azteca, the acute toxicity of sodium nitrate increased with decreasing chloride in a pattern similar not only to that observed for control growth, but also to previous acute toxicity testing with sodium sulfate. Subsequent testing with the Burlington strain showed no significant relationship between chloride concentration and the acute toxicity of sodium nitrate or sodium sulfate. These findings suggest that the chloride-dependent toxicity shown for the US laboratory strain may be an unusual feature of that strain and perhaps not broadly representative of aquatic organisms as a whole. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:2354–2362. © 2015 SETAC
Decision framework for platform decommissioning in California
Authors: Bernstein Brock B 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This article describes the overall decision framework for eventual decisions about decommissioning the 27 operating oil and gas platforms offshore southern California. These platforms will eventually reach the end of their useful lifetimes (estimated between 2015 and 2030, although specific dates have not been determined). Current law and regulations allow for alternative uses in lieu of the complete removal required in existing leases. To prepare for eventual decommissioning, the California Natural Resources Agency initiated an in-depth process to identify and investigate issues surrounding possible decommissioning alternatives. The detailed evaluation of alternatives focused on 2—complete removal and artificial reefing that included partial removal to 85 feet below the waterline. These were selected after a comparison of the technical and economic feasibility of several potential alternatives, availability of a legal framework for implementation, degree of interest from proponents, and relative acceptance by state and federal decision makers. Despite California's history of offshore oil and gas production, only 7 decommissioning projects have been completed and these were all relatively small and close to shore. In contrast, nearly 30% of the California platforms are in water depths (as much as 1200 feet) that exceed any decommissioning project anywhere in the world. Most earlier projects considered an artificial reefing alternative but none were implemented and all platforms were completely removed. Future decisions about decommissioning must grapple with a more complex decision context involving greater technological and logistical challenges and cost, a wider range of viable options, tradeoffs among environmental impacts and benefits, and an intricate maze of laws, regulations, and authorities. The specific engineering differences between complete and partial removal provide an explicit basis for a thorough evaluation of their respective impacts. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2015;9999:XX–XX. © 2015 SETAC
Key Points
Complete and partial removal with artificial reefing were chosen as the most feasible decommissioning options due to viability over time, existing legal context, technical and economic feasibility, degree of acceptance by state and federal managers, interest from proponents, and relevance to platforms. Legal authorities involved in decommissioning depend on a platform's location, but agencies with regulatory authority include BOEM and BSEE on the OCS, and SLC in California state waters. Decommissioning procedures for the options retained for detailed analysis are well established; however, the complete removal of the deeper platforms may pose challenges, because no platforms at the depths of the largest California platforms have yet been decommissioned anywhere in the world. The PLATFORM model enables users to investigate the cost and implications of the large number of decommissioning options in detail, including cost estimates and scenarios of environmental and socioeconomic impacts of each option.
TE = 32 ms vs TE = 100 ms echo‐time 1H‐magnetic resonance spectroscopy in prostate cancer: Tumor metabolite depiction and absolute concentrations in tumors and adjacent tissues
Authors: Basharat Meer , Payne Geoffrey S. , Morgan Veronica A. , Parker Chris , Dearnaley David , deSouza Nandita M. 
Published: August 2015

PurposeTo compare the depiction of metabolite signals in short and long echo time (TE) prostate cancer spectra at 3T, and to quantify their concentrations in tumors of different stage and grade, and tissues adjacent to tumor.Materials and MethodsFirst, single‐voxel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) spectra were acquired from voxels consisting entirely of tumor, as defined on T2‐weighted and diffusion‐weighted (DW)‐MRI and from a biopsy‐positive octant, at TEs of 32 msec and 100 msec in 26 prostate cancer patients. Then, in a separate cohort of 26 patients, single‐voxel TE = 32 msec MR spectroscopy (MRS) was performed over a partial‐tumor region and a matching, contralateral normal‐appearing region, defined similarly. Metabolite depiction was compared between TEs using Cramér‐Rao lower bounds (CRLB), and absolute metabolite concentrations were calculated from TE = 32 msec spectra referenced to unsuppressed water spectra.ResultsCitrate and spermine resonances in tumor were better depicted (had significantly lower CRLB) at TE = 32 msec, while the choline resonance was better depicted at TE = 100 msec. Citrate and spermine concentrations were significantly lower in patients of more advanced stage, significantly lower in Gleason grade 3+4 than 3+3 tumors, and significantly lower than expected from the tumor fraction in partial‐tumor voxels (by 14 mM and 4 mM, respectively, P < 0.05).ConclusionCitrate and spermine resonances are better depicted at short TE than long TE in tumors. Reduction in these concentrations is related to increasing tumor stage and grade in vivo, while reductions in the normal‐appearing tissues immediately adjacent to tumor likely reflect tumor field effects. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;42:1086–1093.
Reduced perfusion in normal‐appearing white matter in mild to moderate hypertension as revealed by 3D pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling
Authors: Wang Ting , Li Yanhua , Guo Xinhong , Huang Diandian , Ma Lin , Wang Danny J.J. , Lou Xin 
Published: August 2015

PurposeTo investigate the hemodynamic changes of normal‐appearing white matter (NAWM) in hypertension using the 3D pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) technique.Materials and MethodsSeventy‐three subjects, including a patient group (n = 41; 30 males; age = 47.7 ± 8.3 years; test‐time blood pressure [BP] = 155 ± 23/98 ± 11 mmHg) and an age‐matched control group (n = 32; 14 males; age = 46 ± 8.3 years; test‐time BP = 117 ± 8/76 ± 10 mmHg), were recruited and scanned on a 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system using routine MRI sequences and 3D pCASL sequence. The routine MRI sequences were used to further define the NAWM. The cerebral blood flow (CBF) values in various regions of interest (ROIs) were extracted. One‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and unpaired t‐test were performed to evaluate the significance of the intergroup difference in CBF modifications.ResultsCompared to healthy volunteers, CBF values in global gray matter (GM) and various NAWM regions were found to be lower (P < 0.05) in hypertensive patients, except for genu of corpus callosum (CC), cingulate gyrus, amygdala, pallidum, putamen, and thalamus (P > 0.05). Furthermore, compared to the control group, mild hypertension showed significantly reduced CBF in various ROIs (P < 0.05), but no intergroup differences in GM, R anterior horn of periventricular WM, and genu of CC (P > 0.05), while moderate hypertension showed reduced CBF in all ROIs (P < 0.05). However, it was observed that, between mild and moderate hypertensive patients, there were no statistically significant difference in CBF values except for genu of CC (P < 0.05).Conclusion3D pCASL has the ability to detect subtle hemodynamic abnormalities in NAWM regions at relatively early stages of hypertension. The observed decreases in CBF in these regions may suggest an increased risk of cerebral small vessel diseases. J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2016;43:635–643.
Post‐operative monitoring of free muscle transfers by Laser Doppler Imaging: A prospective study
Authors: Tschumi Christian , Seyed Jafari S. Morteza , Rothenberger Jens , Van de Ville Dimitri , Keel Marius , Krause Fabian , Shafighi Maziar 
Published: August 2015

PurposeDespite different existing methods, monitoring of free muscle transfer is still challenging. In the current study we evaluated our clinical setting regarding monitoring of such tissues, using a recent microcirculation‐imaging camera (EasyLDI) as an additional tool for detection of perfusion incompetency.Patients and methodsThis study was performed on seven patients with soft tissue defect, who underwent reconstruction with free gracilis muscle. Beside standard monitoring protocol (clinical assessment, temperature strips, and surface Doppler), hourly EasyLDI monitoring was performed for 48 hours. Thereby a baseline value (raised flap but connected to its vascular bundle) and an ischaemia perfusion value (completely resected flap) were measured at the same point.ResultsThe mean age of the patients, mean baseline value, ischaemia value perfusion were 48.00 ± 13.42 years, 49.31 ± 17.33 arbitrary perfusion units (APU), 9.87 ± 4.22 APU, respectively. The LDI measured values in six free muscle transfers were compatible with hourly standard monitoring protocol, and normalized LDI values significantly increased during time (P < 0.001, r = 0.412). One of the flaps required a return to theatre 17 hours after the operation, where an unsalvageable flap loss was detected. All normalized LDI values of this flap were under the ischaemia perfusion level and the trend was significantly descending during time (P < 0.001, r = −0.870).ConclusionDue to the capability of early detection of perfusion incompetency, LDI may be recommended as an additional post‐operative monitoring device for free muscle flaps, for early detection of suspected failing flaps and for validation of other methods. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 35:528–535, 2015.
Dietary exposure to benzoxazinoids enhances bacteria‐induced monokine responses by peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Authors: Damgaard Dres , Jensen Bettina Margrethe , Palarasah Yaseelan , Nielsen Michael Friberg Bruun , Adhikari Khem Bahadur , Schnoor Heidi Julius , Juel‐Berg Nanna , Poulsen Lars K. , Fomsgaard Inge S. , Nielsen Claus Henrik 
Published: August 2015

ScopeTo examine potentially immunomodulating effects of dietary benzoxazinoids (BXs), present in cereal grains.Methods and resultsNineteen healthy volunteers were randomly distributed into two groups, who received diets with high or low content of BXs for 3 wk. After a week's wash‐out, the groups switched diets. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis, Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or tetanus toxoid (TT). PBMCs from a healthy donor received the same stimuli in presence of serum from each participant receiving BXs. The production of monokines, T‐cell cytokines and T‐helper cell proliferation were assessed. A 3‐wk diet with high BX content enhanced IL‐1β responses against LPS and P. gingivalis, as well as TNF‐α response against P. gingivalis, after 24 h of stimulation. Moreover, IL‐6 was found to be increased after 7 days of stimulation with LPS. No effect was observed on T‐cell cytokines or proliferation. BX levels in serum after a single meal did not modify cytokine responses.ConclusionHigh dietary intake of BXs enhances bacteria‐induced production of pro‐inflammatory monokines by PBMCs, but not T‐cell responses; presumably due to intrinsic changes within PBMCs, built up over 3 wk of BX‐rich diet, rather than to an immediate effects of BXs contained in serum.
Vitamin D in polycystic ovary syndrome: Relationship to obesity and insulin resistance
Authors: Joham Anju E. , Teede Helena J. , Cassar Samantha , Stepto Nigel K. , Strauss Boyd J. , Harrison Cheryce L. , Boyle Jacqueline , de Courten Barbora 
Published: August 2015

ScopePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is underpinned by insulin resistance (IR). In PCOS, the relationships between vitamin D, adiposity, and IR are unclear. We aim to explore these relationships in lean and overweight women with PCOS.Methods and resultsThis is a cross‐sectional study conducted in a tertiary medical center. Participants included 42 women with PCOS and 34 controls without PCOS. Vitamin D and metabolic markers were measured. Detailed body composition and gold standard hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps were performed. The main outcome measures were plasma levels of vitamin D, adiposity measures, and glucose infusion rate. Vitamin D levels were lower in overweight women with PCOS compared with overweight controls (31.6 and 46.1 nmol/L, respectively, p = 0.01). Vitamin D was not associated with IR after adjustment for confounders; however, there was a significant interaction between PCOS and percentage body fat. Further analysis by PCOS status revealed that vitamin D was associated with IR in the PCOS group (β coefficient 2.1, 95% CI 0.2–4.0, p = 0.03), but not in the non‐PCOS group.ConclusionVitamin D is associated with IR in women with PCOS, but not in controls. Large intervention studies are needed to determine if vitamin D supplementation can improve IR in PCOS.
Antihypertensive effects of probiotics Lactobacillus strains in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Gómez‐Guzmán Manuel , Toral Marta , Romero Miguel , Jiménez Rosario , Galindo Pilar , Sánchez Manuel , Zarzuelo María José , Olivares Mónica , Gálvez Julio , Duarte Juan 
Published: August 2015

ScopeThe cardiovascular effects of probiotics Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 (LC40), or L. coryniformis CECT5711 (K8) plus L. gasseri CECT5714 (LC9) (1:1) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were evaluated.Methods and resultsTen Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) and 30 SHR were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 10): a control WKY group, a control SHR groups, an SHR group treated with LC40, and an SHR treated with K8/LC9 group for 5 weeks (at a dose of 3.3 × 1010 colony‐forming units/day in drinking water). Long‐term administration of probiotics reduced systolic blood pressure. The consumption of K8/LC9 mixture significantly reduced the cardiac and renal hypertrophy. Both groups of probiotics reversed the impaired aortic endothelium‐dependent relaxation to acetylcholine observed in SHR. They also abolished the increased aortic superoxide levels by reducing the increased toll‐like receptor‐4 mRNA levels and NADPH oxidase activity found in SHR. K8/LC9 consumption also increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation. Probiotic treatments induced a change in the cecum microbiota of SHR, with higher counts of the Lactobacillus spp. cluster, and lower counts of Bacteriodes spp. and Clostridium spp.ConclusionProbiotics exert cardiovascular protective effects in genetic hypertension related to the improvement of vascular pro‐oxidative and pro‐inflammatory status.
Simulation of changes in diffusion related to different pathologies at cellular level after traumatic brain injury
Authors: Lin Mu , He Hongjian , Schifitto Giovanni , Zhong Jianhui 
Published: August 2015

PurposeThe goal of the current study was to investigate tissue pathology at the cellular level in traumatic brain injury (TBI) as revealed by Monte Carlo simulation of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)‐derived parameters and elucidate the possible sources of conflicting findings of DTI abnormalities as reported in the TBI literature.MethodsA model with three compartments separated by permeable membranes was employed to represent the diffusion environment of water molecules in brain white matter. The dynamic diffusion process was simulated with a Monte Carlo method using adjustable parameters of intra‐axonal diffusivity, axon separation, glial cell volume fraction, and myelin sheath permeability. The effects of tissue pathology on DTI parameters were investigated by adjusting the parameters of the model corresponding to different stages of brain injury.ResultsThe results suggest that the model is appropriate and the DTI‐derived parameters simulate the predominant cellular pathology after TBI. Our results further indicate that when edema is not prevalent, axial and radial diffusivity have better sensitivity to axonal injury and demyelination than other DTI parameters.ConclusionDTI is a promising biomarker to detect and stage tissue injury after TBI. The observed inconsistencies among previous studies are likely due to scanning at different stages of tissue injury after TBI. Magn Reson Med 76:290–300, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of physical and mental health on relationship satisfaction: a dyadic, longitudinal examination of couples facing prostate cancer
Authors: Ross Kaile M. , Ranby Krista W. , Wooldridge Jennalee S. , Robertson Cary , Lipkus Isaac M. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectivesProstate cancer may affect quality of life in men diagnosed as well as their spouses. Changes in health may disrupt the couple's relationship functioning which disrupts recovery. This study examined how mental and physical health relates to relationship satisfaction for couples at diagnosis through the year following treatment.MethodsPatients with stage I–II prostate cancer and their spouses (N = 159 couples) were recruited from a urology clinic and completed questionnaires at diagnosis, 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months post prostatectomy on demographics, mental and physical health quality of life, and relationship satisfaction. The Actor–Partner Interdependence Model was employed to examine effects of each partners' mental and physical health on their own and their partner's relationship satisfaction.ResultsPatients and spouses had declined mental and physical health at 1 month post‐surgery. Health improved at 6 and 12 months but did not fully return to pre‐surgery levels. Actor effects showed that patient's physical health consistently predicted own relationship satisfaction. Both patient's and spouse's mental health consistently related to their own relationship satisfaction. Partner effects showed that patient's and spouse's physical health had an effect on each other's relationship satisfaction at 1 month. Spouse's mental health predicted patient's relationship satisfaction throughout the year following treatment.ConclusionThe effects of patient and spouse mental and physical health quality of life on their own as well as their partner's relationship satisfaction differed across time which will inform psychosocial interventions for couples with prostate cancer. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.