bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasmagestützte Ionisations-spektroskopie (PGIS) zur Materialanalyse
Authors: Brückner Stephan , Rösner Simon , Gerhard Christoph , Wieneke Stephan , Viöl Wolfgang 
Published: December 2013

Kurzfassung
Im Rahmen des Niedersächsischen Innovationsverbunds Plasmatechnik (NIP) werden neue Anwendungen der Plasmatechnologie in den Bereichen Fertigungstechnik und Materialanalyse bis hin zur Medizintechnik erschlossen sowie ihr ökonomischer und ökologischer Nutzen evaluiert. Im Bereich der Materialanalyse zählt dazu die Entwicklung eines spektroskopischen Verfahrens unter Nutzung eines ökoeffizienten Atmosphärendruckplasmas zur Emissionsanregung. Zum Einsatz kommt hierbei eine im Rahmen des Projekts entwickelte neuartige Plasmaquelle, die für die Analyse gasförmiger, flüssiger und fester Proben in unterschiedlichen Modi betrieben werden kann. Der Energieeintrag in das Probenmaterial durch diese Plasmaquelle beträgt hierbei wenige Mikrojoule. An verschiedenen Probenmaterialien wurde gezeigt, dass sich dieses Verfahren zur Erzeugung und Detektion elementspezifischer Spektrallinien eignet.
Schadensvermeidung und Lebensdauerverlängerung in technischen Komponenten*
Authors: Richard Hans Albert , Kullmer Gunter , Schramm Britta , Riemer Andre 
Published: December 2013

Kurzfassung
Maßnahmen zur Schadensuntersuchung, Schadensvermeidung und Lebensdauerverlängerung von technischen Bauteilen und Strukturen stehen im Mittelpunkt dieses Beitrags. Behandelt werden Schäden durch mechanische Beanspruchungen, wobei zwischen Festigkeitsversagen und bruchmechanischem Versagen unterschieden wird. Lebensdauerverlängernde Maßnahmen werden anhand von Praxisbeispielen aufgezeigt.
Keramische Werkstoffe für Walzen und andere Komponenten für das Warmwalzen
Authors: Goryany Vyacheslav , Düsseldorf Dirk Lowke , Wagner Rolf 
Published: December 2013

KurzfassungDas Verhalten von Stauchbahnen aus verschleißfesten und hochtemperaturbeständigen keramischen Werkstoffen wie Siliciumnitrid (Si3N4) verschiedener Qualitäten sowie aluminiumoxydverstärktem Zirkonoxyd (ATZ) bei den Zylinderstauchversuchen mit Stahl, Kupfer-Zinn- (CuSn), Kupfer-Silber-Legierungen (CuAg) wurde untersucht. Die dargestellten Ergebnisse zeigen die Oberflächensituation der Stauchbahnen (Porigkeit, Rissbildung, Anhaftungen, Verschleiß) vor und nach den Kalt- und Warmumformversuchen. Der Oberflächenzustand der Proben wurde mittels Licht- sowie Rasterelektronenmikroskopie analysiert.
Schadensursachen und Schadensmanagement an Straßenbahnen*
Authors: Fleischer Thomas , Rennert Roland , Uebel Lutz , Bobsien Steffen 
Published: December 2013

Kurzfassung
In diesem Artikel werden die Themen Schadensursache und Schäden, Strukturmodifikationen, Sicherheitskonzept, Festigkeitswerte und Ergebnisse an Straßenbahnen behandelt.
ANN-Based Wear Performance Prediction for Plasma Nitrided Ti6Al4V Alloy
Authors: Kahraman Fatih , Karadeniz Süleyman , Durmuş Hülya 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Surface modification of a Ti6Al4V titanium alloy was made by the plasma nitriding process. Plasma nitriding was performed in a constant gas mixture of 20% H2–80% N2 at temperatures between 700 and 1000° C and process times between 2 and 15 h. Samples nitrided at different treatment times and temperatures were subjected to the dry sliding wear test using the pin-on-disc set up under 80N normal load with rotational speed of counter face disc of 0.8 m/s at room conditions. An artificial neural network (ANN) model of was developed for prediction of wear performance of the plasma nitrided Ti6Al4V alloy. The inputs of the ANN model were processing times and temperatures, diffusion layer thickness, Ti2N thickness, TiN thickness and hardness. The output of the ANN model was wear loss. The model is based on the multilayer backpropagation neural technique. The ANN was trained with a comprehensive dataset collected from experimental conditions and results of authors. The model can be used for the prediction of wear properties of Ti6Al4V alloys nitrided at different parameters. The ANN model demonstrated the best statistical performance with the experimental results.
Non-Linear Modelling of PM Brake Lining Wear Behaviour
Authors: Istif Ilyas , Isin Ovun , Uzunsoy Erdem , Uzunsoy Deniz 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
The brake friction materials in automotive brake systems play an important role in the overall braking performance of a vehicle. Wear test results have previously been presented for a 1040 steel disc interacting with a PM copper-based brake lining material without and with MoS2 additive at constant applied load and sliding velocity. In this paper, a non-linear model has been developed and compared with a previously developed linear model and experimental results. Nonlinear ARX model structure with sigmoid network having one hidden layer was used to find the best possible results. Linear and non-linear approaches have been applied to simulate the wear behaviour of the brake lining material. Comparative results showed that the nonlinear model provides results closer to the experimental study. Therefore, non-linear process modelling can be used as an effective tool for the prediction of brake lining material properties instead of time-consuming experimental processes.
In-situ-Aufschmelz-Methode zur Bestimmung der Hochtemperatureigenschaften von Stählen
Authors: Djuric Dragan , Höller Christian , Oberroither Michael , Sonderegger Bernhard , Sommitsch Christoph 
Published: December 2013

Kurzfassung
Der Vorgang der Erstarrung hat einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Mikrostruktur und die Hochtemperatureigenschaften von Stählen. Besonders bei Prozessen des Form- und Stranggusses ist die Gewinnung von Materialkennwerten an der Gussstruktur direkt nach dem Aufschmelzen und Erstarren von großer Bedeutung. Weiters kann man die Heißrissbildung im Laborversuch mit einer vorhergehenden Aufschmelzung realitätsnäher untersuchen. Es werden konventionelle Versuchsmethoden zur Bestimmung von Hochtemperatur-Materialkennwerten wie der Duktilität und Festigkeit von Stählen und eine neue Methodik zur Aufschmelzung von Heißzugproben vorgestellt. Die Aufschmelzung der Proben erfolgt bei dieser Testmethode ohne eine konventionelle Schmelzbadsicherung. Eine ungestörte Temperaturmessung während des ganzen Versuches ist damit gewährleistet.
The Evaluation of Waste Papers for the Ceramic Industry
Authors: Selte Aydin , Guler Kerem Altug , Marsoglu Muzeyyen 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
The aim of this study is the production of the metal tile core using waste paper. Paper which can be recycled many times is one of the most consumed materials in Turkey and all around the world. The reason behind the preference of paper usage is that 80 % of waste paper can be recycled. It has been noticed that recycled paper can be used in ceramic industry, as for instance for roof coverings and tiles, as a low cost raw material. A certain amount of waste paper was soaked with water and turned into pulp followed by a forging process to form the pulp into fibres. The mixture used as raw material for metal tile core production was composed of clay, quartz, and pulp. The raw material was shaped into tiles by slip casting and hand pressing. Tiles were dried, in a drying oven and coated with epoxy resin. Water absorption and bending tests were applied to the final samples.
Dependence of Steel Corrosion Rate on the Machining Emulsion Concentration
Authors: Alar Vesna , Stojanović Ivan , Židov Bruno 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
In today's manufacturing, the emulsions for cooling and lubricating are an extremely important and necessary factor for the performance of machining processes. Depending on their composition, properties and production, emulsions in metal cutting operations have various technology functions such as lubricating the surfaces of the tools, facilitating the process of deformation of the cut layer, improving the quality of machined surface as well as cooling the tool and workpiece by removing the part of the heat created by deformation and friction. Corrosion protection of workpieces and tools during and after treatment is also one of the important functions of technological emulsions for cooling and lubricating. In this paper the effects of different concentrations of three emulsions on the corrosion rate of steel workpieces is reported. The results indicate that a higher concentration of emulsion does not provide better protection against corrosion.
Leichtbau mit Kunststoffen – Ermüdungsverhalten von lang-faserverstärkten Kunststoffen*
Authors: Fleckenstein Johanna , Büter Andreas 
Published: December 2013

Kurzfassung
Basierend auf Schwingfestigkeitsuntersuchungen mit Flachproben wurde im Rahmen zweier Projekte der Einfluss der Faserausrichtung und des Faservolumengehalts auf die Schwingfestigkeit von Sheet Moulding Compound (SMC) untersucht. Darüber hinaus wurden hierbei auch verschiedene Spannungsverhältnisse und damit Mittelspannung betrachtet, um so, unter Berücksichtigung der Mittelspannungsempfindlichkeit, ein erstes Materialmodell zur Bemessung von SMC ableiten zu können. Im Rahmen dieser Veröffentlichung kann u. a. auf Basis dieser experimentellen Ergebnisse gezeigt werden, dass SMC eine hohe Schadenstoleranz besitzt.
Vereinheitlichung der linearen Effektivspannungskonzepte mittels des Riesz´schen Repräsentationstheorems (Funktionalanalysis)*
Authors: Zhang Genbao 
Published: December 2013

Kurzfassung
Die elastische Spannung korreliert nicht immer direkt mit der Schwingfestigkeit eines Bauteils. Vielfach werden Effektivspannungen basierend auf der elastischen Spannung eingeführt, die zur Korrelierung zwischen der Beanspruchung und Beanspruchbarkeit eines Bauteils dienen. Die Ansätze sind vielfältig, wie das Stützziffer-Konzept, die Methoden der Spannungsmittelung, des kritischen Abstands und des sogenannten Hot-Spots, u. a. Zwischen diesen Ansätzen scheint keine unmittelbare Verbindung zu bestehen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird eine allgemeine Theorie für die Methode der Effektivspannung vorgestellt, die auf der Funktionalanalysis basiert und Ähnlichkeit zur nichtlokalen Kontinuumsmechanik aufweist. Die Theorie wird auf V-Kerben und Schweißnähte angewandt. Dabei werden detaillierte Vergleiche zwischen den verschiedenen Methoden vorgenommen.
Quantifizierung des Kerbeinflusses bei der Korrosionsermüdung
Authors: Salber Stephan , Ertelt Hans-Jürgen 
Published: December 2013

Kurzfassung
Bedingt durch die Bauteilgeometrie oder Belastungsart kann es in einem hochbelasteten Querschnitt eines Bauteils zu einer inhomogenen Spannungsverteilung kommen. Dabei sinkt in der Regel die Nennspannungsdauerfestigkeit im Vergleich zu einem homogen beanspruchten Werkstoff ab. Für den Fall, dass keine Korrosionsvorgänge stattfinden, ist bekannt, dass es bei inhomogenen Beanspruchungen häufig zu Stützwirkungen kommt. Am Beispiel einer Aluminium-Knet- und einer Druckgusslegierung wird gezeigt, dass auch für den Fall der Korrosionsermüdung eine „korrosive Stützziffer“ definiert werden kann, die ähnlich wie die bereits für trockene Umgebungsbedingungen bekannte Stützziffer vom vorherrschenden Spannungsgradienten und von der Werkstofffestigkeit abhängt. Damit ist es möglich, aus einer Werkstoffwöhlerlinie eine Bauteilwöhlerlinie rechnerisch abzuleiten und weitere Bauteildimensionierungen unter Berücksichtigung der Korrosionser­müdung durchzuführen.
Festigkeitskennwerte und mehrachsige Schwingfestigkeit von lamellarem Gusseisen
Authors: Klubberg Franz , Broeckmann Christoph , Beiss Paul 
Published: December 2013

Kurzfassung
Vorgestellt werden analytische und experimentelle Untersuchungen zum Ermüdungsverhalten von Gusseisen mit Lamellengraphit (GJL). Neben statistisch abgestützten Kennwertfunktionen für die zur Festigkeitsrechnung maßgeblichen Eingangsgrößen und zum Einfluss von Normal- und Torsions-Mittelspannungen, wurden Versagensgrenzen für GJL unter zweiachsig schwingenden Lastspannungszuständen durch Rechnung und Versuche verifiziert.
Numerical and Experimental Investigations on the Defect Tolerance of Brazed Steel Joints
Authors: Lis Adrian , Koster Michael , Leinenbach Christian 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Based on the combination of FE-calculations and experimental results a defect assessment procedure for brazed steel joints was developed in the present work, which reliably takes into account the effect of different steel heat treatments and defined artificial defects in the braze layer. Tensile tests with defect free joints consisting of X3CrNiMo13-4 as substrate material and of Au-18wt.-%Ni as filler metal serve as a basis to simulate the elastic-plastic material behaviour. By correlating experimental and numerical methods, failure criteria could be derived which indicate and predict failure of brazed components. These failure criteria were also presumed to calculate the maximum tolerable loads for specimens containing different defects. The results show that the simulations correlate very well with the experimental results. Furthermore, they provide a possibility to analyze the failure behaviour for different defect types and the influence of different heat treatments on the joint strength.
Observation of the Fatigue Crack Propagation Rate of an Aluminum Alloy Specimen under Fatigue Spectrum Loadings
Authors: Abdullah Shahrum , Zakaria Kamarul Ariffin , Ghazali Mariyam Jameelah 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
This paper presents an assessment on fatigue crack propagation (FCG) behaviour and fractography observation of an aluminum alloy that was exposed under spectrum loadings. The FCG test has three types of cyclic loadings, namely, constant-amplitude loading (CAL) as well as high-to-low and low-to-high sequence loadings. All three have been performed with the Al6061-T6 specimens. The tests were performed using a 100 kN servo-hydraulic fatigue testing machine according to ASTM E647 standard. The results show that fatigue crack propagation and its fractography were influenced by the load interaction and the sequence, which affect the fracture behaviour of aluminum alloys. The fracture surface exhibited irregular local striation spacings under the spectrum loading. Moreover, the micrographs show increased plasticity throughout the crack propagation compared to CAL.
Experimental Investigation of VHCF of Polymer Composites: Two Alternative Approaches*
Authors: Julian Adam Till , Horst Peter , Lorsch Paul , Sinapius Michael 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
The need for reliable fatigue predictions arises with an increasing application of fibre-reinforced composites in primary light-weight structures with intended service times of up to 30 years. Only few data about very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) of polymer composites are available, because VHCF testing is rather challenging due to time consuming tests. Moreover, problems arise when testing at high frequencies. Two alternative approaches are presented in this article, a bending test rig for high-frequency testing of flat specimens and a resonant test rig for tube specimens.
Effect of Co Addition to Heat- Treated P/M 316L Stainless Steel on α′-Martensite Formation and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Pichaiwong Nantawan , Wangyao Panyawat , Lothongkum Gobboon , Visuttipitukul Patama , Asavavisithchai Seksak , Tongsri Ruangdaj , Chuankrerkkul Nutthita 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
The effect of various Co additions to P/M 316L stainless steel on α ’-martensite formation and mechanical properties (bending strength and hardness) were investigated. Powder mixtures were compacted using a single action press at 498 MPa and sintered at 1,300°C for 30 min under hydrogen atmosphere, followed by heat-treating in air at 800°C and 900°C for 25 h, 50 h, 75 h, and 100 h, respectively. It is found that oxide formation in closed pores at high temperatures can induce the α ’-martensite formation and reduce the area fraction of porosities, resulting in higher hardness of the heat-treated specimens than that of the sintered specimens. The Co additions can also reduce the amount of α ’-martensite. Long-term heating results in a slight decrease of bending strength due to high connected oxide formation in the internal pores.
Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Reduction Technologies and Applications in Automotive Industry
Authors: Kulekci Mustafa Kemal , Yelken Tugba , Esme Ugur , Buldum Baris 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions cause global warming and climate changing. This review summarizes the up-to-date applications that contribute to greater fuel economy and reduce CO2 emissions. A detailed explanation of the recent developments in the main concepts of fuel economy and CO2 reducing in automotive industry is given with a special relation to the materials to be selected. In the study, the past, present and future projection of fuel economy and CO2 emission is evaluated. The result of the study conclude that mass of the vehicle, kind of energy for engine, driving techniques and the technology level of the vehicles affect the fuel economy and CO2 emissions.
Effect of Alloying Elements on the Tooling Capabilities of High Speed Steels Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy
Authors: Toptop Guven Orkun , Kisasoz Alptekin , Karaaslan Ahmet 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
SPM 10 and ASP 2052 alloys fabricated by powder metallurgy have a higher alloying elements content than rolled types. Such higher alloying contents improve the mechanical properties of tool steels and provide a longer tooling life. In this study, the effects of alloying elements and different heat treatments processes on the properties of SPM 10 and ASP 2052 were investigated. Also, the effects of alloying elements and process parameters on the mechanical properties as well as tooling abilities of the specimens were studied. The specimens were characterized by Rockwell hardness tests and the tooling abilities of the specimen were determined by characterizing the number of screws that could be fabricated with specimens. According to the results of the experiments, higher hardness values were obtained at elevated austenitization temperatures. Besides, the presence of Co as an alloying element evolved better hot work properties of the specimens.
Development of Novel Luminescent Materials with High Quality Blue Light-Emitting Properties Based on Zinc Oxides
Authors: Zhang B. R. , Yu H.Y. , Rong Cheng 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
ZnO:Tm,Gd materials with high quality blue light-emitting were successfully prepared using the chemical co-precipitation method. The surface morphology, composition, crystal structure and fluorescence properties were investigated using the thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and photoluminescence (PL). The results showed that the lowest sintering temperature was 580°C, the optimal sintering temperature was 900°C, ZnO:Tm3+, Gd3+ had two emission peaks: 1 D2 → 3 H4 and 1 G4 → 3 H6, the optimal heat preservation time was 3 h, the proportion of matrix and doping elements was 100: 2, and the optimal proportion of Tm and Gd was 3: 2.
Pt-Rh Alloys: Investigation of Creep Rate and Rupture Time at High Temperatures
Authors: Trumić Biserka , Gomidželović Lidija , Marjanović Saša , Krstić Vesna , Ivanović Aleksandra , Dimitrijević Silvana 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe results of experimental investigation of creep rate and rupture time of the alloys of Pt-Rh system are presented in this paper. Selected alloys with 7–40 wt.-% Rh content were examined using a universal device for tensile testing of materials at high temperatures, and monitoring structure changes of the samples by electron microscopy. Investigations were performed in the temperature range between 1200°C and 1700°C at a stress between 2 MPa and 15 MPa.
Creep Behaviour of NearEquiatomic Nickel-Titanium Wires
Authors: Eker Aysegul Akdogan , Sonmez Deniz , Kucukyildirim Bedri Onur 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
The creep behaviour of near-equiatomic (50.8 at.-% Ni) NiTi wire with a diameter of 0.49 mm is studied between 82 MPa and 127 MPa tensile stress as well as in a temperature range of 575 °C to 650 °C. For 600 °C and between 82–107 MPa a stress exponent of n = 4.5 as well as for 82 MPa between 600–625 °C an activation energy of Q = 300 kJ mol-1 have been found, these results have been compared with previous creep studies. In contrast to previous studies, this investigation has been performed with high stresses for thin NiTi wires. Moreover, fracture surfaces and ductility of wires have been investigated. The main reasons for the various results are discussed.
A Study on Wear Testing of Orthopedic Implant Materials in Simulated Body Fluid
Authors: Atar Erdem 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
In this study, the sliding wear behaviour of the materials utilized in manufacturing of load-bearing orthopedic implants (316 L, Ti6Al4V, and CoCrMo nickel alloys) was examined by a reciprocating wear tester under ceramic-on-metal configuration in a simulated body fluid (SBF). During the tests the generated wear debris were transferred into the SBF and increased its optical density. In accordance with its poor wear resistance, Ti6Al4V alloy provided a large amount of wear debris transfer into the SBF along with the heavy material attachment to the contact surface of the counterface. Dissolution of wear debris led to an increase of the metal ion concentration in the SBFs. Even though few wear debris were generated, trace elements were detected in the SBFs of the 316 L and CoCrMo alloy, besides the main elements.
Assessment of Fatigue Behaviour under Different Loading Sequences Using Signal Analysis Approaches
Authors: Padzi Mahfodzah Md , Abdullah Shahrum , Nuawi Mohd Zaki 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Constant amplitude data obtained from smooth specimens have been used for many years to evaluate the fatigue life of components. However, most of the loadings used in real applications are variable or random. In this research, three types of loading were applied – constant, low–high (LH), and high–low (HL) loading sequences. This paper presents an assessment of the fatigue behaviour under these three types of loading, and the effects of each loading on the fatigue behaviour as well as on life are highlighted. Fatigue tests were performed according to ASTM E466-96 standard with a strain gauge attached to the specimen being tested. AISI 1045 carbon steel was used as material for this tests due to its wide applications in the automotive industry. Fatigue tests were carried out at a constant, LH, and HL loading stresses at a sampling frequency of 8 Hz. A set of data acquisition system was used to collect the fatigue strain signals. All signals obtained were analyzed using two signal-processing approaches – the power spectral density (PSD) method and the integrated Kurtosis-based algorithm for Z-filter (I-kaz) technique. Fatigue behaviour was observed from the initial until the last stage of the fatigue test. The PSD peak values and I-kaz coefficients were determined to explain and describe the behaviour of fatigue damage. Both results are comparable in the fatigue damage assessment.