bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Flaxseed Meals and Extracts on Lipid Stability in a Stored Meat Product
Authors: Waszkowiak Katarzyna , Rudzińska Magdalena 
Published: February 2014

AbstractFlaxseeds have been recently in focus due to the antioxidant capacity of some of their compounds. However, there is a lack of easily accessible information concerning their activity against lipid oxidation in food systems. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the effect of defatted meals (DFM) and the aqueous extracts (AFE) obtained from brown and golden flaxseeds on lipid oxidation in pork meatballs. Fatty acid composition, peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and cholesterol content were monitored during 6 months of freezer storage. Cholesterol oxidation products were identified and quantified. Both DFM and AFE limited fatty acid and cholesterol oxidation during meatball storage. Their antioxidant effect depended on flax variety (brown or golden) and preparation type (DFM or AFE). Lower level of PV and TBARS, compared with the ones with AFE, were noted in meatballs with DFM. Both DFM and AFE, from the brown seed variety, protect the lipids against oxidation to a higher extent. During the storage, a cholesterol degradation was observed. AFE (particularly from the brown variety) limited changes in cholesterol content. Moreover, they stabilized fatty acid composition of stored meatballs. However, DFM efficiently inhibited cholesterol oxidation.
Cardiac Emergency Simulation: Drilling for Success in the Ambulatory Setting
Authors: Kusler‐Jensen Jane A. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe “see one, do one, teach one” method of clinical teaching is no longer practical for preparing perioperative personnel to respond to emergency situations. Teaching with simulation trains team members to respond to unexpected events and enables them to provide care when an emergency situation arises. Simulation drills resemble clinical practice and allow personnel to apply and integrate skills, teamwork, and critical thinking. This article provides information and tools for performing cardiac simulation drills in the ambulatory setting. Tools included are a 10‐step guide to simulation drills, a scenario, roles and duties to assign during a drill, and a drill evaluation form.
Thermodynamic properties of solid solutions in the Ag–Au–Cu system
Authors: Chudnenko K.V. , Pal’yanova G.A. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Data on the Cu content in native gold and silver and the Ag and Au contents in native copper are summarized. The standard thermodynamic functions of solid solutions in the Au–Cu and Ag–Cu binary systems and the Ag–Au–Cu ternary system have been estimated. The corresponding calculation module is prepared for the Selektor software.
Block displacement fields in the Altai–Sayan region and effective rheologic parameters of the Earth’s crust
Authors: Timofeev V.Yu. , Ardyukov D.G. , Timofeev A.V. , Boiko E.V. , Lunev B.V. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe paper is focused on recent displacement rates in the Altai-Sayan region, obtained by hydroleveling, leveling, and satellite geodesy. Effective elastic moduli and viscosity parameters of the crust are used in the modeling of coseismic and tectonic processes. The elastic moduli are determined from measurements of periodic vertical displacements during seasonal loadings of the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydropower plant. We present the results of the modeling of coseismic displacements during the earthquakes of 10 February 2011 (M = 6.1) and 27 December 2011 (M = 6.7) in Tuva and West Sayan. The results of GPS determinations for postseismic displacements in the Chuya earthquake zone (Gorny Altai, 27 September 2003, M = 7.5) are analyzed; models for the geologic medium are selected; and its effective viscosity is estimated. The tectonic component of the recent crustal displacements in the Altai-Sayan region is defined.
Dependence of the composition of the Zarnitsa pipe picroilmenites (Yakutia) on their formation conditions (from data of thermomagnetic studies)
Authors: Ibragimov Sh.Z. , Mishenin S.G. , Osin Yu.N. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
A thermomagnetic analysis has been performed for 737 picroilmenite samples from the cores of eight boreholes in the N–S-striking drilling profile of the Zarnitsa kimberlite pipe in the Daldyn kimberlite field, Yakutia. Based on the shapes of thermomagnetic curves and the Curie points, 29 samples were chosen for detailed microprobe studies of chemical composition and elucidation of the dependence of their thermomagnetic parameters on the content of the hematite end-member in the picroilmenites. The thermomagnetic curves of most of the studied picroilmenite samples are approximated by a two-component model for the hematite end-member distribution: the main and supplementary distribution. The average hematite end-member content in the main distribution coincides with the probe microanalysis data and is always lower than the average content in the supplementary distribution. The relative hematite end-member contents in the main and supplementary distributions within the picroilmenite grains are indicators of the dynamics of mineral formation in different parts of the Zarnitsa pipe. The data obtained testify to the multistage formation of the pipe under unstable thermodynamic conditions, which explains the intricate distribution pattern of picroilmenite.
How Accurate are SuperCOSMOS Positions?
Authors: Schaefer Adam , Hunstead Richard , Johnston Helen 
Published: February 2014

AbstractOptical positions from the SuperCOSMOS Sky Survey have been compared in detail with accurate radio positions that define the second realisation of the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF2). The comparison was limited to the IIIaJ plates from the UK/AAO and Oschin (Palomar) Schmidt telescopes. A total of 1 373 ICRF2 sources was used, with the sample restricted to stellar objects brighter than BJ = 20 and Galactic latitudes |b| > 10°. Position differences showed an rms scatter of $0.16\text{ arcsec}$ in right ascension and declination. While overall systematic offsets were < $0.1\text{ arcsec}$ in each hemisphere, both the systematics and scatter were greater in the north.
Colour Transformations between BVRc and g′r′i′ Photometric Systems for Giant Stars
Authors: Ak S. , Ak T. , Karaali S. , Bilir S. , Güçtekin S. Tunçel , Taş Ö. Önal , Öztürkmen N. D. , Duran Ş. , Coşkunoǧlu B. , Yontan T. , Gökçe E. Yaz , Eker Z. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe transformation equations from BVRc to g′r′i′ magnitudes and vice versa for the giants were established from a sample of 80 stars collected from Soubiran et al. (2010) with confirmed surface gravity (2 ⩽ logg (cm s− 2) ⩽ 3) at effective temperatures 4000 < Teff(K) < 16000. The photometric observations, all sample stars at g′r′i′ and 65 of them at BVRc, were obtained at TÜBİTAK National Observatory (TUG) 1m (T100) telescope, on the Taurus Mountains in Turkey. The MV absolute magnitudes of the giant stars were estimated from the absolute magnitude-temperature data for the giant stars by Sung et al. (2013) using the Teff from the intrinsic colours considered in this study. The transformation equations could be considered to be valid through the ranges of the following magnitudes and colours involved: 7.10 < V0 < 14.50, 7.30 < g′0 < 14.85, − 0.20 < (B − V)0 < 1.41, − 0.11 < (V − Rc)0 < 0.73, − 0.42 < (g′ − r′)0 < 1.15, and − 0.37 < (r′ − i′)0 < 0.47 mag. The transformations were successfully applied to the synthetic BVRc data of 427 field giants in order to obtain the g′r′i′ magnitudes and colours. Comparisons of these data with the g′r′i′ observations of giants in this study show that the mean residuals and standard deviations lie within [− 0.010, 0.042] and [0.028, 0.068] mag, respectively.
Sequential gene expression profiling in the mouse spleen during 14 d feeding withLactobacillus brevisKB290
Authors: Fukui Yuichiro , Sasaki Erika , Fuke Nobuo , Nakai Yuji , Ishijima Tomoko , Abe Keiko , Yajima Nobuhiro 
Published: February 2014

Some lactic acid bacteria play an important role in the immune system with potential benefits to the host. However, detailed mechanisms of immune modulation exerted by probiotics remain to be clarified. Since immune response changes in a time-related manner in some cases, we monitored changes in mRNA levels in the spleen of mice during 14 d feeding withLactobacillus brevisKB290 (KB290). Female BALB/c mice, aged 9 weeks, commenced a diet containing KB290 (3 × 109colony-forming units/g) or starch for a period of 1, 4, 7 or 14 d. Cytotoxic activity of the resulting splenocytes against YAC-1 cells was measured using flow cytometry. The activity was found to be significantly higher in the treated group on days 1 and 7. The highest activity appeared on day 4, but was not statistically significantly different. Gene expression profiles were analysed using DNA microarray. Gene Ontology (GO) terms related to the immune process were significantly enriched in the up-regulated gene set on days 1, 4 and 7, and GO terms related to the cellular process were enriched in the down-regulated gene set on days 4 and 7. Although the up-regulated genes involved in antigen processing and presentation for stimulation of CD8+cytotoxic T cells were not observed on day 14, some genes involved in T-cell and natural killer cell activation remained up-regulated until day 14. For the majority of the genes tested, RT-PCR analysis was used to verify the results obtained from the DNA microarray analysis. The sequential gene expression profiling reflected changes in cytotoxic activity during KB290 feeding.
Robust optimal attitude control of a laboratory helicopter without angular velocity feedback
Authors: Liu Hao , Xi Jianxiang , Zhong Yisheng 
Published: February 2014

SUMMARYIn this paper, the robust, optimal, output control problem is dealt with for a 3-degree-of-freedom laboratory helicopter. The control goal is to achieve the practical tracking of the desired elevation and pitch angles without the angular velocity feedback. A nominal linear time-invariant system is introduced and the real system is considered as the nominal one with uncertainties, including parameter perturbations, nonlinear time-varying uncertainties, and external disturbances. An observer is first used to estimate angular velocity. Then a nominal controller based on the optimal control method is designed for the nominal system to achieve the desired tracking properties. Lastly, a robust output compensator is added to restrain the effects of uncertainties in the real system. It is shown that asymptotic tracking properties and robust stability can be achieved. Experimental results on the laboratory helicopter are shown to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Edge-weighted consensus-based formation control strategy with collision avoidance
Authors: Falconi Riccardo , Sabattini Lorenzo , Secchi Cristian , Fantuzzi Cesare , Melchiorri Claudio 
Published: February 2014

SUMMARYIn this paper, a consensus-based control strategy is presented to gather formation for a group of differential-wheeled robots. The formation shape and the avoidance of collisions between robots are obtained by exploiting the properties of weighted graphs. Since mobile robots are supposed to move in unknown environments, the presented approach to multi-robot coordination has been extended in order to include obstacle avoidance. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy has been demonstrated by means of analytical proofs. Moreover, results of simulations and experiments on real robots are provided for validation purposes.
Research agendas for the sustainable management of tropical peatland in Malaysia
Authors: PADFIELD RORY , WALDRON SUSAN , DREW SIMON , PAPARGYROPOULOU EFFIE , KUMARAN SHASHI , PAGE SUSAN , GILVEAR DAVE , ARMSTRONG ALONA , EVERS STEPHANIE , WILLIAMS PAUL , ZAKARIA ZURIATI , CHIN SING YUN , BALLE HANSEN SUNE , CAMPOS-ARCEIZ AHIMSA , LATIF MOHD TALIB , SAYOK ALEX , THAM MUN HOU 
Published: February 2014

SUMMARYThere is a need for coordinated research for the sustainable management of tropical peatland. Malaysia has 6% of global tropical peat by area and peatlands there are subject to land use change at an unprecedented rate. This paper describes a stakeholder engagement exercise that identified 95 priority research questions for peatland in Malaysia, organized into nine themes. Analysis revealed the need for fundamental scientific research, with strong representation across the themes of environmental change, ecosystem services, and conversion, disturbance and degradation. Considerable uncertainty remains about Malaysia's baseline conditions for peatland, including questions over total remaining area of peatland, water table depths, soil characteristics, hydrological function, biogeochemical processes and ecology. More applied and multidisciplinary studies involving researchers from the social sciences are required. The future sustainability of Malaysian peatland relies on coordinating research agendas via a ‘knowledge hub’ of researchers, strengthening the role of peatlands in land-use planning and development processes, stricter policy enforcement, and bridging the divide between national and provincial governance. Integration of the economic value of peatlands into existing planning regimes is also a stakeholder priority. Finally, current research needs to be better communicated for the benefit of the research community, for improved societal understanding and to inform policy processes.
Female tidal mudflat crabs represent a critical food resource for migratory Red-crowned Cranes in the Yellow River Delta, China
Authors: LI DONGLAI , DING YUQING , YUAN YING , LLOYD HUW , ZHANG ZHENGWANG 
Published: February 2014

SummaryStaging sites are vital for large-sized migratory cranes, which require high-protein food sources during migration. In this study, we used field surveys and faecal analysis to determine the migration patterns and dietary composition of the globally threatened Red-crowned CraneGrus japonensispopulation that migrates and stages at the Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve (YRDNR), Eastern China. Analysis of 135 faecal samples collected during the migration season in 2008, 2010 and 2011 showed that 78.8% of the faeces comprised > 90% dry mass of tidal mudflat crabHelice tientsinensisremains, suggesting that tidal mudflat crab was an important source of food for these Red-crowned Cranes. Smaller percentages of two other crab species (Eriocheir sinensis,Macrophthalmus dilatatum), fish remains, ragwormsHediste diversicolorand vegetation were also detected in the faecal samples. Consumption of tidal mudflat crabs was found to increase from autumn through to spring. Surveys of tidal mudflat crabs from YRDNR revealed that female crabs have significantly smaller body size (dry mass) but higher energy reserve ratio (ash-free dry mass per body mass) compared to males. Red-crowned Cranes fed predominantly on small and medium-sized female crabs, with a female to male ratio of 5:1 in the diet, compared with the 1:2 ratio of female to male crabs found within the coastal wetland crab population. Our findings suggest that tidal mudflat crabs represent a critical food source for the migratory Red-crowned Crane population in YRDNR, and future crane conservation strategies should encompass the necessary measures to conserve the tidal mudflat crab population at this staging site.
Use of a Gum Elastic Bougie in a Penetrating Neck Trauma
Authors: Daniel Yann , de Regloix Stanislas , Kaiser Eric 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe case of a patient with a zone II penetrating neck injury who was intubated successfully utilizing the gum elastic bougie (GEB) is reported. He presented at a forward operational base in Afghanistan with a shrapnel wound in his neck as well as a cough and hoarseness. There were two wounds on each side of his laryngeal cartilages. The patient's breathing rate gradually increased and labored inhalation developed while the aeromedical evacuation was delayed for tactical reasons. Subcutaneous emphysema and edema concealed the anatomical landmarks, making a cricothyrotomy unsafe, and no fiber optic devices were available on site. Intratracheal intubation was decided upon by the doctors involved. Because of the anticipated difficultly of intubation, the GEB was used from the outset. During direct laryngoscopy, edema, blood, and mucus concealed the anatomic reliefs of the larynx. The glottis was not visible. On the second attempt, “clicks” were clearly perceived and the tube was railroaded over the bougie. Finally, the patient was evacuated to an Afghan military hospital.In this report, the benefit-risk balance for the use of the GEB in penetrating neck trauma is discussed. Although the use of the GEB cannot be recommended in all cases of penetrating neck injury, it should be considered as an option. This technique is not without risk, but in very remote settings or hostile environments, especially when cricothyrotomy is not possible, it can be lifesaving.DanielY, de RegloixS, KaiserE. Use of a gum elastic bougie in a penetrating neck trauma. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(2):1-2.
Electron Microscopy and Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy Study of Nd1−xSrxCoO3−δ (0≤x≤1) System
Authors: Boulahya Khalid , Hassan Manar , Minguez Jesús C.G. , Nicolopoulos Stavros 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA solid solution of Nd1−xSrxCoO3−δ (with x=0, 1/3, 2/3, and 1) has been prepared and characterized by a combination of X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). The structural characterization indicates that Nd-doped materials present an orthorhombic symmetry with a=√2xap, b=√2xap, and c=2xap (ap refers to lattice parameter of simple cubic perovskite), while SrCoO2.5 has an orthorhombic symmetry with a=√2xap, b=4xap, and c=√2xap. EELS analysis revealed that Co are in 3+ oxidation states but in different spin configurations.
Present status of NSLS-II design and construction
Authors: Sharma S. , Broadbent A. , Doom L. , Fallier M. , Hseuh H. C. , Kosciuk B. , Ravindranath V. , Shaftan T. , Sitnikov A. , Skaritka J. 
Published: February 2014

National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS-II) is a new 3 GeV, 500 mA, high-brightness synchrotron light source facility being built at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. Approved for construction in January 2009, the NSLS-II project is expected to be completed in June 2014. In this paper we discuss the present status of the mechanical design and construction of some major components of this facility, namely (i) conventional facilities, (ii) injector complex (iii) storage ring, (iv) RF system and (v) beamlines.
US Federal Climate Change Law in Obama’s Second Term†
Authors: Gerrard Michael B. , Welton Shelley 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis commentary details the United States’ progress in advancing climate change law since President Barrack Obama’s re-election in 2012, in spite of congressional dysfunction and opposition. It describes how the Obama administration is building upon earlier regulatory efforts by using existing statutory authority to regulate greenhouse gas emissions from both new and existing power plants. It also explains the important role the judiciary has played in facilitating more robust executive actions, while at the same time courts have rejected citizen efforts to force judicial remedies for the problem of climate change. Finally, it suggests some reasons why climate change has gained more prominence in the Obama administration’s second term agenda and considers how domestic actions help the United States to reposition itself in international climate diplomacy.
MHC-dependent inhibition of uterine NK cells impedes fetal growth and decidual vascular remodelling
Authors: Kieckbusch Jens , Gaynor Louise M. , Moffett Ashley , Colucci Francesco 
Published: February 2014

AbstractNK cells express variable receptors that engage polymorphic MHC class I molecules and regulate their function. Maternal NK cells accumulate at the maternal-fetal interface and can interact with MHC class I molecules from both parents. The relative contribution of the two sets of parental MHC molecules to uterine NK cell function is unknown. Here we show that, in mice, maternal and not paternal MHC educates uterine NK cells to mature and acquire functional competence. The presence of an additional MHC allele that binds more inhibitory than activating NK cell receptors results in suppressed NK cell function, compromised uterine arterial remodelling and reduced fetal growth. Notably, reduced fetal growth occurs irrespectively of the parental origin of the inhibitory MHC. This provides biological evidence for the impact of MHC-dependent NK inhibition as a risk factor for human pregnancy-related complications associated with impaired arterial remodelling.
Two‐dimensional measurements of primary soot diameter in diffusion flames by two‐dimensional time resolved laser induced incandescence
Authors: Potenza Marco , Naccarato Fabrizio , de Risi Arturo 
Published: February 2014

Two dimensions primary soot diameter calculation in a laminar diffusion liquid petroleum gas flame by means of laser induced incandescence (LII) is presented in present paper. LII is a high sensitive technique in which a high energy Nd‐Yag laser sheet heats soot particles up to a temperature of about 4000 K but without exceeding the sublimation temperature. Radiation from exited soot particles is acquired by means of an intensified coupled charge device (CCD) camera (low gate opening time of 10 ns) synchronised with the laser pulse. By delaying the acquisition time with respect to laser pulse, LII signal decay as function of time has been reconstructed. Performing acquisition at two different wavelengths by means of two interferometric filters (two colour LII) a soot temperature behaviour (related to particles primary diameter) has been calculated. For quantitative measurements of the soot volume fraction a tungsten lamp calibration method for optics was used. Using laser fluence and self‐absorption corrections for LII signal, bi‐dimensional quantitative measurements can be achieved for soot dimensions and distribution. By means of a flame centre‐of‐mass alignment on the corrected images for different time steps, it is possible to achieve the soot decay curve for each pixel of the images, performing a two‐dimensional (2D) soot primary particles visualisation.