bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulation of p53 and p21 Genes Expression in Cardiovascular Cultured Cells
Authors: Al Jebur Shurooq Hussein Jaber 
Published: August 2024

This study explores the role of the p53 and p21 genes, central to the cell cycle arrest pathway, in cardiovascular diseases, focusing on their modulation by endocannabinoid ligands. Previous research has established the significance of CNR1 in cardiovascular regulation; however, its interaction with p53 pathways remains underexplored. We aimed to investigate the effects of Anandamide and Rimbonant on the expression levels of p53 and p21 in smooth muscle cells at both mRNA and protein levels. Our results indicate that Anandamide significantly increases p53 mRNA (3.191±0.38, Pv≤0.01) and protein (31.37±2.60) levels, while Rimbonant shows a decrease after 1 hour of treatment. Similarly, p21 expression was upregulated by Anandamide and downregulated by Rimbonant. These findings suggest that manipulating p53 activity through CNR1 ligands could potentially mitigate cardiovascular disease risks, warranting further investigation into their pharmacological applications.
Highlights:

Gene Modulation: Anandamide boosts p53 and p21 expression.
Rimbonant Effects: Rimbonant reduces these gene levels.
Therapeutic Potential: Indicates possibilities for cardiovascular disease treatment.

Keywords: P53 Gene, Cardiovascular Disease, Endocannabinoids, Anandamide, Rimbonant
Assessing Nursing Students' Knowledge of Sleeve Gastrectomy Effects
Authors: Hamid Samahir Sabri , Ali Wasfi Dhahir Abid , Atiyah Maher Abdulameer 
Published: August 2024

This descriptive study assesses the knowledge of gastric sleeve procedures among 55 fourth-year nursing students at the College of Nursing in 2024. Recognizing the crucial role of nurses in managing obesity through surgical interventions, this research aims to identify educational gaps within the nursing curriculum. The students were evaluated using a structured questionnaire focused on their understanding of the procedure's link to obesity factors. Results indicated that the majority of students had a satisfactory knowledge level, with significant mean scores; however, about 25% of the responses—mainly those detailing surgical specifics—showed insufficient knowledge. These findings highlight the need for enhanced educational focus on bariatric surgery in nursing programs to better prepare students for clinical responsibilities in patient care and surgical support.
Highlights:

Knowledge Level: Majority of students showed good understanding of gastric sleeve procedures.
Knowledge Gaps: About 25% lacked detailed surgical knowledge.
Educational Implications: Results suggest the need for enhanced bariatric surgery content in nursing curricula.

Keywords: Gastrectomy, Obesity, Nursing Education, Bariatric, Knowledge
Radiology Safety in Iraq Exposes Critical Gaps in Training and Knowledge
Authors: Razooqi Ghufran Abdulsalam , Ra’aoof Husham Hussain Abdul , Issa Sajjad Salim 
Published: August 2024

Ionizing radiation, with 18% from man-made sources, is widely used in medical imaging, posing significant hazards. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice of 125 radiology staff in Basrah, Iraq, using a cross-sectional design from February to June 2023. Data were collected via structured questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS version 26. Results showed 66.4% of respondents had good knowledge, with higher scores among males and those with higher education, particularly doctors. Positive attitudes were seen in 95.2% of participants, but correct practices varied significantly, and 88.8% had not undergone training on radiation hazards. The study underscores the need for improved training and education to enhance radiation safety awareness and practices.
Highlights:

Knowledge Levels: 66.4% showed good radiation hazard knowledge.
Training Gaps: 88.8% lacked radiation safety training.
Education Impact: Higher education, especially doctors, improved knowledge and practices.

Keywords: Ionizing Radiation, Radiation Hazards, Radiology Staff, Knowledge Assessment, Safety Practices
Parenting Styles and Social Phobia in Iraqi Teens
Authors: Asmail Anwar , Sajit Kareem 
Published: August 2024

This study evaluated the socio-demographic characteristics and social phobia levels of 385 secondary school students in the Thi-Qar Governorate of Iraq. Using a descriptive, cross-sectional design, data were collected via questionnaires and analyzed with IBM SPSS 20.0. Results indicated that students, predominantly from nuclear families and moderate-income homes, exhibited mild to moderate social phobia (M±SD = 32.47±7.852). Permissive parenting styles were linked to higher social phobia, with notable differences between mothers' and fathers' influences. The study underscores the need for school-based psychological support programs and calls for further research with larger, more diverse samples.

Highlight:

Students exhibited mild to moderate social phobia (M±SD = 32.47±7.852).
Permissive parenting styles linked to higher social phobia.
Recommends school-based psychological support programs.

Keyword: socio-demographic, social phobia, secondary students, parenting styles, Iraq
Dramatic Improvements in Patient Understanding of Epilepsy in Iraq
Authors: Khamis Hassan Ali , Al-Jubouri Mohammed Baqer 
Published: August 2024

Background: Epilepsy, a chronic brain disorder causing recurrent seizures, affects over 50 million people globally, leading to significant social challenges due to prevalent misconceptions. Objective: This study aims to evaluate patients' knowledge about epilepsy at Baquba Teaching Hospital's neurological department. Methodology: A pre-experimental design with pretest and posttest assessments was conducted from July 11 to December 5, 2023, involving 100 epilepsy patients. Data were gathered using the Epilepsy Knowledge Scale (EKS), with both inferential and descriptive statistical analyses. Results: Patients initially had insufficient knowledge about epilepsy, but the instructional program significantly improved their understanding, as shown by notable pretest and posttest score differences. Novelty: This study highlights the efficacy of instructional programs in enhancing epilepsy knowledge among patients, emphasizing the importance of educational interventions in managing chronic neurological conditions. Implications: The results suggest that instructional programs should be routinely implemented in clinical settings to increase epilepsy awareness and knowledge among patients. Conclusion: The instructional program effectively enhances epilepsy knowledge among patients, suggesting it should be routinely implemented to improve patient education and outcomes, regardless of socio-demographic factors.
Highlight:

Patients initially had low epilepsy knowledge.
Instructional program greatly improved understanding.
No link between knowledge and demographics.

Keywords: Epilepsy, patient knowledge, instructional program, neurological disorders, Baquba Teaching Hospital
Optimizing Conditions to Combat Antibiotic Resistance in Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Abbas Adawia Fadhel 
Published: August 2024

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant adaptive trait that allows pathogenic bacterial subpopulations to out-compete and out-survive their microbial neighbors and overcome host defenses. Specific Background: Despite extensive research, the influence of various environmental parameters on antibiotic sensitivity in pathogenic bacteria remains underexplored. Knowledge Gap: There is limited understanding of how temperature, pH, bacterial inoculum volume, and culture medium amount affect the antibiotic resistance of both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Aims: To investigate the effects of these parameters on the antibiotic sensitivity of four standard laboratory strains: Escherichia coli, Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus. Results: Our findings indicate imipenem exhibited the highest sensitivity, with percentages varying significantly based on temperature (92% at 35-39°C), pH (83% at pH 6-8), inoculum volume (42% at 0.1-1.0 μL), and medium volume (67% at 15-35 ml). Conversely, antibiotics such as Piperacillin, Amoxicillin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline 30, and Cephalexin showed high resistance, with Tetracycline 10 being the most resistant. Novelty: This study highlights the significant impact of environmental conditions on bacterial antibiotic resistance, emphasizing the need for tailored antibiotic use based on specific bacterial characteristics and growth conditions. Implications: The results suggest that optimizing environmental parameters can enhance antibiotic efficacy and inform better clinical practices to combat AMR, thus improving treatment outcomes for bacterial infections.
Highlights:

Parameter Influence: Temperature, pH, inoculum, medium amount affect antibiotic sensitivity.
Highest Sensitivity: Imipenem most effective across conditions.
Tailored Use: Optimize conditions for better antibiotic efficacy.

Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance, bacterial sensitivity, environmental parameters, Imipenem, pathogenic bacteria
Enhancing Pediatric Nursing Skills by Top Learning Strategies
Authors: Hameed, MScN Ayat A. , Shawq, PhD Adraa H. 
Published: August 2024

Background: The efficacy of educational strategies is crucial for nursing students to competently perform pediatric procedures like nasogastric tube insertion. Specific Background: This study evaluates the effectiveness of simulation, blended, and self-directed learning strategies in enhancing these skills among nursing students. Knowledge Gap: Previous research lacks a comprehensive comparison of these strategies' impacts on skill development in pediatric nursing contexts. Aims: The study aims to assess the effectiveness of different educational strategies on nursing students' ability to perform pediatric nasogastric tube insertions. Methods: A pre-experimental design was employed at the College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, involving 60 students divided into three groups. Data were collected via an observational checklist from October to December 2023 and analyzed using SPSS. Results: Significant improvements in students' skills were observed across all groups. Simulation strategy showed highly significant differences with p-values of .001 and large effect sizes (Partial Eta Squared: .887, .902, .582). Blended strategy also demonstrated significant results with p-values of .001 and large effect sizes (Partial Eta Squared: .813, .936, .883). The self-directed strategy was similarly effective, with p-values of .001 and large effect sizes (Partial Eta Squared: .871, .739, .667). Descriptive statistics revealed a notable increase in mean scores in post-tests, indicating the effectiveness of these strategies. Novelty: This study uniquely compares the effectiveness of simulation, blended, and self-directed learning strategies, providing comprehensive insights into their impacts on pediatric nursing education. Implications: The findings underscore the importance of incorporating diverse learning strategies in nursing curricula to enhance practical skills, suggesting that a combination of these methods could be most beneficial for student learning and competence in clinical settings.
Highlights:

Effective Strategies: Simulation, blended, and self-directed learning enhance pediatric nursing skills.
Significant Improvement: All methods showed highly significant skill development with large effect sizes.
Unique Comparison: The study provides valuable insights for nursing education curricula.

Keywords: Nursing education, pediatric skills, nasogastric tube insertion, simulation learning, blended learning
Effect of Fertilizer With Potassium Humate and the Method of Addition to the Growth and Yield of Red Cabbage
Authors: Qader Noha Waleed , Khalo Sahar Ali 
Published: August 2024

Background: The application of potassium humate has been recognized for its potential to enhance plant growth and yield due to its nutrient enrichment properties. Specific Background: Despite extensive research on various fertilizers, the specific effects of potassium humate on red cabbage (Ruby King cultivar) growth and yield, especially concerning the method of application, remain underexplored. Knowledge Gap: Limited studies have addressed the comparative impact of foliar spraying versus soil addition of potassium humate on cabbage vegetative growth and yield characteristics. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of potassium humate (0, 50, 100, 150 g.l-1) and application methods (foliar spraying and soil addition) on the growth and yield of red cabbage. Results: A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was implemented during the 2022-2023 agricultural season. Significant improvements in vegetative growth and yield were observed with the highest concentration (150 g.l-1) of foliar spraying. Key vegetative and yield parameters, such as plant height, stem length, number of leaves, leaf chlorophyll content, average head weight, and total yield, were positively influenced. Novelty: This study uniquely highlights the superior efficacy of foliar spraying with potassium humate at 150 g.l-1 over soil addition, providing insights into optimizing fertilization strategies for red cabbage. Implications: The findings advocate for the use of potassium humate, particularly via foliar spraying, as a beneficial organic fertilizer to enhance red cabbage growth and yield. This practice could lead to improved agricultural productivity and better tolerance of plants to environmental stresses, supporting sustainable agriculture initiatives.
Highlights:

Superior Growth: Foliar spraying with 150 g.l-1 potassium humate boosts growth.
Yield Increase: Highest humate concentration yields maximum red cabbage.
Effective Strategy: Foliar spraying outperforms soil addition for fertilization.

Keywords: Potassium humate, foliar spraying, red cabbage, vegetative growth, yield enhancement
Developing an Accounting Information System Based on Artificial Intelligence to Improve the Quality of Accounting Information and the Decision-Making Process
Authors: Al-Obaidy Fayiz Hazem 
Published: August 2024

General Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) enables systems to understand and interpret data, facilitating intelligent decision-making without human interaction. Specific Background: Traditional accounting systems are fraught with flaws that compromise the quality of accounting information and decision-making processes. Knowledge Gap: There is a need for advanced AI applications to improve the accuracy of accounting data by precisely evaluating vast amounts of data, identifying errors and corrections, and accelerating financial report creation. Aims: This quantitative study aims to enhance accounting information quality by developing an AI-based accounting information system and examining its impact on the decision-making process. Results: The research utilized questionnaires to gather opinions from accountants at Rafidain Bank, Iraq, and analyzed the data using SPSS. Findings reveal that modern AI technologies significantly enhance accounting data accuracy, with a 90% success rate in detecting and correcting errors. Additionally, AI technology accelerates financial reporting, reducing the average response time to 250 milliseconds, thereby saving time and effort in accounting processes. Novelty: This study is pioneering in its comprehensive evaluation of AI's role in improving accounting data accuracy and operational efficiency within financial institutions. Implications: The research underscores the importance of upgrading device and data processing infrastructure to maximize the performance of AI-based accounting systems. The findings suggest that integrating contemporary AI technology in accounting can streamline operations, save accountants time, and boost the overall efficiency of financial and accounting institutions.
Highlight:

AI improves accounting data accuracy with 90% error detection and correction.
AI accelerates financial reporting, reducing response times to 250 milliseconds.
Upgraded infrastructure is crucial for optimal AI system performance.

Keyword: Artificial Intelligence, Accounting Information, Data Accuracy, Financial Reporting, Decision-Making
Nurses` Practices concerning Care of Transition to Oral Feeding in Preterm Neonate
Authors: Rahman Ali Mohsin , Aziz Afifa Radha 
Published: August 2024

Background: Premature neonates often struggle with oral feeding due to physiological immaturity, necessitating skilled nursing support during the transition from tube to oral feeding. Knowledge Gap: Despite the critical role of nurses in this process, there is limited evidence on their practices and the factors influencing their effectiveness. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate nurses' practices in caring for neonates transitioning to oral feeding and to identify predictive factors, such as education and training, that influence these practices. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Batoul Training Hospital in the Diyala Governorate from October 2023 to February 2024. A non-probability convenience sample of 60 nurses was assessed using a 35-item checklist, validated by experts and tested for reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.81). Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics, with simple linear regression employed to identify relationships between nurses’ practices and demographic variables. Results: The findings revealed that 86.7% of nurses exhibited inadequate practices, with the majority (65.0%) having less than 5 years of experience and 85.0% not attending training courses. Regression analysis indicated that education level (p = 0.007) and attendance of training courses (p = 0.001) were significant predictors of practice quality. Novelty: This study is among the first to quantify the inadequacy of nurses' practices in the transition to oral feeding in a developing country context, highlighting education and training as critical areas for intervention. Implications: The results underscore the urgent need for healthcare organizations to implement comprehensive training programs and educational initiatives aimed at improving neonatal care practices, particularly in NICUs, to ensure better health outcomes for preterm infants.
Highlights:

Significant nurse practice deficiencies in neonate oral feeding transition.
Education and training crucial for improving nurse performance.
Need for comprehensive neonatal care training programs.

Keywords: Premature neonates, oral feeding, neonatal care, nurse practices, training programs
Star Anise Reverses Benzopyrene-Induced Immune Dysfunction in Rats
Authors: Saleh Eman Naji , Saeed Iktefa Abdul Hamid Mohammed , Latef Nedhal ibrahim 
Published: August 2024

Background: Benzopyrene (B[a]P), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is known for its carcinogenic and immunotoxic effects, posing significant health risks upon exposure. Specific Background: Despite numerous studies, effective therapeutic strategies to mitigate B[a]P-induced toxicity remain limited. Star anise, a medicinal plant with anti-inflammatory properties, holds potential as a protective agent against such toxicity. Knowledge Gap: The impact of star anise on B[a]P-induced immunotoxicity, particularly on hematological parameters, has not been thoroughly investigated. Aims: This study aimed to explore the effects of B[a]P intoxication and its treatment with star anise on hematological parameters in rats. Methods: Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups: Control, B[a]P, and varying doses of star anise (125 mg/kg, 120 mg/kg + B[a]P, 125 mg/kg + B[a]P, 130 mg/kg + B[a]P). Blood samples were analyzed using an auto blood analyzer. Results: While erythrogram parameters showed no significant differences among groups, B[a]P exposure significantly increased WBC parameters (Mid, Gran, L, and total WBC counts), indicating an inflammatory and immunosuppressive response. Treatment with star anise significantly reduced these parameters, suggesting its protective effects. Novelty: This study is the first to demonstrate the efficacy of star anise in mitigating B[a]P-induced leukocytosis and immune toxicity in rats. Implications: These findings highlight the potential of star anise as a therapeutic agent against B[a]P-induced immunotoxicity, warranting further investigation into its clinical applications.
Highlights:

Benzopyrene Exposure: Increases WBC parameters, indicating immune response.
Star Anise Treatment: Reduces WBC counts, showing protective effects.
Novel Findings: Star anise mitigates B[a]P-induced immunotoxicity in rats.

Keywords: Benzopyrene, Star Anise, Hematological Parameters, Immunotoxicity, Rats
Detection of Fatty Acids and Some Secondary Metabolites in Macadamia and Hazelnut Fruits and their Shells, with Studding the Physiochemical Properties of its Extracted Oil: A comparative Study
Authors: Altaee Rana T. , Aldabbagh May G , Rashan Aya I. 
Published: August 2024

General Background: Nuts are widely recognized for their nutrient density, offering a rich source of beneficial fatty acids and antioxidant phytochemicals. Specific Background: Among these, macadamia and hazelnuts are popular for their unique compositions, yet direct comparisons of their nutritional and bioactive profiles remain limited. Knowledge Gap: Despite their recognized health benefits, comparative analyses of the fatty acid profiles, bioactive compositions, and physicochemical characteristics between these nuts are scarce. Aims: The study compared macadamia and hazelnut oils' fatty acid content, lipid-soluble vitamins, phenolic compounds, and physicochemical properties to enhance their functional applications. Results: The findings revealed that hazelnut oil exhibited a higher polyunsaturated fat content, particularly linoleic acid (22.8% vs. 18.25%), while macadamia oil contained significantly more vitamin E, contributing to superior antioxidant potential. Both oils demonstrated the presence of vitamins A, D, and K1, with notable concentrations of quercetin and rutin among other flavonoids. Novelty: This study is novel in its comprehensive comparative analysis of these two nuts, particularly in identifying the unique phenolic compounds in the nutshells, which are often discarded but show potential as nutraceuticals. Implications: Macadamia and hazelnut oils offer significant nutritional benefits, with compositional variations allowing for personalized bioactivity and culinary applications. Further research is recommended for human health promotion.
Highlights:

Hazelnut oil has more polyunsaturated fats; macadamia oil is richer in vitamin E.
Both nuts contain vitamins A, D, E, K1, and flavonoids.
Phenolic compounds in nutshells have potential as nutraceuticals.

Keywords: macadamia nuts, hazelnut oil, fatty acids, antioxidant phytochemicals, bioactive compounds