bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identity enactment as a social accomplishment: Shared identity and the provision of mutual support amongst pilgrims undertaking the Hajj
Authors: Yalcin Enes , Hopkins Nick 
Published: August 2024

AbstractExperimental and survey research shows that a common group membership can result in increased levels of social support. Here we complement such research with qualitative data concerning the forms and function of such support. Specifically, we explore the mutual support reported by pilgrims undertaking the Hajj. This requires participants enact a series of identity‐related beliefs and values (including specific rituals) in conditions that are practically and psychologically challenging. Using data obtained through semi‐structured interviews (N = 33), we investigate how participants' shared identity facilitated their behavioural enactment of these identity‐defining beliefs and values. We focus on how their shared understanding of their beliefs and values as Hajj pilgrims allowed various forms of support (psychological, material, informational, and behavioural) which helped participants translate their identity‐related ideals into behaviour. Our analysis implies that a shared identity provides a frame of reference with which group members can recognize each other's identity‐related concerns and what they need in order to enact their identity. In turn, it implies that in situations where there are practical and psychological constraints on behaviour, action in terms of one's social identity can be conceptualized as a joint accomplishment in which the mutual support of group members is key.
Phenotypic features, prevalence of KCNJ11‐MODY in Chinese patients with early‐onset diabetes and a literature review
Authors: Ba Tianhao , Ren Qian , Gong Siqian , Li Meng , Cai Xiaoling , Liu Wei , Luo Yingying , Zhang Simin , Zhang Rui , Zhou Lingli , Zhu Yu , Zhang Xiuying , Chen Jing , Wu Jing , Zhou Xianghai , Li Yufeng , Wang Xirui , Wang Fang , Zhong Liyong , Han Xueyao , Ji Linong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveGain‐of‐function (GOF) variants of KCNJ11 cause neonate diabetes and maturity‐onset diabetes of the young (KCNJ11‐MODY), while loss‐of‐function (LOF) variants lead to hyperinsulinemia hypoglycemia and subsequent diabetes. Given the limited research of KCNJ11‐MODY, we aimed to analyse its phenotypic features and prevalence in Chinese patients with early‐onset type 2 diabetes (EOD).Design, Patients and MeasurementsWe performed next‐generation sequencing on 679 Chinese EOD patients to screen for KCNJ11 exons variants. Bioinformatics prediction and the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines was used to determine the pathogenicity and diagnosed KCNJ11‐MODY. A literature review was conducted to investigate the phenotypic features of KCNJ11‐MODY.ResultsWe identified six predicted deleterious rare variants in six EOD patients (0.88%). They were classified as uncertain significance (variant of uncertain significance [VUS]), but more common in this EOD cohort than a general Chinese population database, however, without significant difference (53/10,588, 0.50%) (p = .268). Among 80 previously reported patients with KCNJ11‐MODY, 23.8% (19/80) carried 9 (32.1%) LOF variants, who had significantly older age at diagnosis, higher birthweight and higher fasting C‐peptide compared to patients with GOF variants. Many patients carrying VUS were not correctly diagnosed.ConclusionsSome rare variants of KCNJ11 might contribute to the development of Chinese EOD, although available evidence has not enough power to support them as cause of KCNJ11‐MODY. The clinical features of LOF variants were different from GOF variants in KCNJ11‐MODY patients. It is necessary to evaluate the pathogenicity of VUS through function experiments.
Collaboration between otolaryngologists and oral surgeons in maxillary sinus elevation planning
Authors: Craig John R. , Saibene Alberto Maria , Felisati Elena Giulia , Felisati Giovanni 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe collaboration between otolaryngologists and dental providers is crucial for the planning and execution of maxillary sinus elevation (MSE) procedures, which are integral to successful dental implant placements.PurposeThis article examines the essential role of otolaryngological assessments in identifying potential sinonasal risks that could impact the outcomes of MSE.Materials and methodsA comprehensive narrative review of existing literature was conducted.DiscussionThe review underscores the importance of thorough preoperative evaluations, including patient history, computed tomography (CT) or cone‐beam CT (CBCT) scans, and nasal endoscopy, to mitigate sinonasal health risks. It details various clinical scenarios and patient assessments, emphasizing a systematic approach to diagnosing and managing sinonasal conditions proactively. The discussion reveals that while some sinus conditions may not significantly affect MSE success, conditions impacting mucociliary clearance and sinus drainage are critical risk factors requiring otolaryngological intervention. Additionally, the article introduces a grading system to assist clinicians in identifying patients who would benefit from otolaryngological evaluations prior to MSE.ConclusionThis review highlights the value of interdisciplinary collaboration and standardized protocols in enhancing the predictability and safety of MSE procedures, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
The heterogeneity of cellular metabolism in the tumour microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumour thrombus
Authors: Zhang Xiu‐Ping , Zou Wen‐Bo , Li Zhen‐Qi , Yu Ze‐Tao , Yu Shao‐Bo , Lin Zhao‐Yi , Wu Fei‐Fan , Liu Peng‐Jiong , Hu Ming‐Gen , Liu Rong , Gao Yu‐Zhen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGiven the growing interest in the metabolic heterogeneity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal vein tumour thrombus (PVTT). This study comprehensively analysed the metabolic heterogeneity of HCC, PVTT, and normal liver samples using multi‐omics combinations. A single‐cell RNA sequencing dataset encompassing six major cell types was obtained for integrated analysis. The optimal subtypes were identified using cluster stratification and validated using spatial transcriptomics and fluorescent multiplex immunohistochemistry. Then, a combined index based meta‐cluster was calculated to verify its prognostic significance using multi‐omics data from public cohorts. Our study first depicted the metabolic heterogeneity landscape of non‐malignant cells in HCC and PVTT at multiomics levels. The optimal subtypes interpret the metabolic characteristics of PVTT formation and development. The combined index provided effective predictions of prognosis and immunotherapy responses. Patients with a higher combined index had a relatively poor prognosis (p <0.001). We also found metabolism of polyamines was a key metabolic pathway involved in conversion of metabolic heterogeneity in HCC and PVTT, and identified ODC1 was significantly higher expressed in PVTT compared to normal tissue (p =0.03). Our findings revealed both consistency and heterogeneity in the metabolism of non‐malignant cells in HCC and PVTT. The risk stratification based on cancer‐associated fibroblasts and myeloid cells conduce to predict prognosis and guide treatment. This offers new directions for understanding disease development and immunotherapy responses.
Clinical Characteristics of Overweight Patients With Acute Exacerbation Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD)
Authors: Gong Yuxin , Du Fawang , Yao Yu , Wang Hanchao , Wang Xiaochuan , Xiong Wei , Wang Qin , He Gaoyan , Chen Linlin , Du Heng , Yang Juan , Bauer Brent A. , Wang Zhongruo , Deng Huojin , Zhu Tao 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionLow body weight in patients with COPD is associated with a poor prognosis and more comorbidities. However, the impact of increased body weight in patients with COPD remains controversial. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical features of overweight patients with AECOPD.MethodsIn this multicenter cross‐sectional study, a total of 647 AECOPD patients were recruited. Finally, 269 normal weight and 162 overweight patients were included. Baseline characteristics and clinical and laboratory data were collected. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was performed to determine potential features, which were substituted into binary logistic regression to reveal overweight‐associated clinical features. The nomogram and its associated curves were established to visualize and verify the logistic regression model.ResultsSix potential overweight‐associated variables were selected by LASSO regression. Subsequently, a binary logistic regression model identified that the rates of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and hypertension and levels of lymphocytes (LYM)%, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were independent variables of overweight in AECOPD patients. The C‐index and AUC of the ROC curve of the nomogram were 0.671 and 0.666, respectively. The DCA curve revealed that the nomogram had more clinical benefits if the threshold was at a range of 0.22~0.78.ConclusionsCollectively, we revealed that T2DM and hypertension were more common, and LYM% and ALT were higher in AECOPD patients with overweight than those with normal weight. The result suggests that AECOPD patients with overweight are at risk for additional comorbidities, potentially leading to worse outcomes.
Increased Frequency of Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme D Allele in Asian Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Updated Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Wu Xiaozheng , Li Wen , Luo Zhenliang , Chen Yunzhi 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTAt present, the angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) I/D polymorphism was considered to be associated to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the association between it and the risk of COPD in different ethnic groups is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to conduct an updated meta‐analysis of the association between them; collect literatures published before 10 February 2023 by searching PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP Chinese scientific databases; and display the analysis results by drawing forest plots. At the same time, publication bias, sensitivity analysis, and trial sequential analysis (TSA) were performed to evaluate the stability and reliability of the results. In the overall population, the result of the DD versus II model showed the association with the risk of COPD ([OR] = 1.30, 95% CI [1.08, 1.56]), and there were no associations in other genetic models (p > 0.05). In Caucasians, the results of all genetic models showed no associations (p > 0.05). In Asians, the results of D versus I, DD versus II, and DD versus II + ID models showed the associations with the risk of COPD (D vs. I: [OR] = 1.48, 95% CI [1.14, 1.93]; DD vs. II: [OR] = 2.04, 95% CI [1.53, 2.72]; DD vs. II + ID: [OR] = 2.19, 95% CI [1.45, 3.29]), while the results of ID versus II and DD + ID versus II models showed no associations (p > 0.05). Therefore, the D allele and “DD” genotype variation of the ACE I/D gene polymorphism are associated with susceptibility to COPD in Asians but not in Caucasians.
A modular enzyme with combined hemicellulose‐removing and LPMO activity increases cellulose accessibility in softwood
Authors: Forsberg Zarah , Tuveng Tina R. , Eijsink Vincent G. H. 
Published: August 2024

Because of the association with other complex polysaccharides, extracting and utilizing cellulose from lignocellulosic materials requires the combined action of a broad range of carbohydrate‐active enzymes, including multiple glycoside hydrolases (GHs) and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs). The interplay between these enzymes and the way in which Nature orchestrates their co‐existence and combined action are topics of great scientific and industrial interest. To gain more insight into these issues, we have studied the lignocellulose‐degrading abilities of an enzyme from Caldibacillus cellulovorans (CcLPMO10‐Man5), comprising an LPMO domain, a GH5 mannanase domain and two family 3 carbohydrate‐binding modules (CBM3). Using a natural softwood substrate, we show that this enzyme promotes cellulase activity, i.e., saccharification of cellulose, both by removing mannan covering the cellulose and by oxidatively breaking up the cellulose structure. Synergy with CcLPMO10‐Man5 was most pronounced for two tested cellobiohydrolases, whereas effects were smaller for a tested endoglucanase, which is in line with the notion that cellobiohydrolases and LPMOs attack the same crystalline regions of the cellulose, whereas endoglucanases attack semi‐crystalline and amorphous regions. Importantly, the LPMO domain of CcLPMO10‐Man5 is incapable of accessing the softwood cellulose in absence of the mannanase domain. Considering that LPMOs not bound to a substrate are sensitive to autocatalytic inactivation, this intramolecular synergy provides a perfect rationale for the evolution of modular enzymes such as CcLPMO10‐Man5. The intramolecular coupling of the LPMO with a mannanase and two CBMs ensures that the LPMO is directed to areas where mannans are removed and cellulose thus becomes available.
Plastic damage fracture characteristics and constitutive modeling of rocks under uniaxial compression considering crack geometry
Authors: Xu Hongtao , Qi Tingye , Feng Guorui , Qiu Tian , Wang Haochen , Wang Linfei , Zhang Zhicheng , Cheng Siyuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe study of damage and failure in fractured rock masses is crucial. This study employs the representative volume element (RVE) method to develop a microscale rock model. The model simulates the propagation and rupture of fractures by integrating factors including actual mineralogical composition, the Weibull distribution function, the Mohr–Coulomb damage criterion, and strain softening. Results indicate that fractures reduce the uniaxial compressive strength of the rock and that peak strength is significantly correlated with crack geometries. Plastic damage in rocks was categorized into three stages: elastic, rapid growth, and postpeak softening. A logistic growth model describes the plastic volume change curves for rocks with various fracture geometries, establishing the relationship between plastic damage volume and damage variables. Constitutive models for rocks with varying fracture geometries under uniaxial compression were formulated. The accuracy and applicability of these models were validated, providing a theoretical basis for rock engineering applications.
Work and gendered dimensions of recognition in the retail sector in Chile: Analyzing the experience of female cashiers in large supermarkets
Authors: Guerra‐Arrau Rodrigo , Stecher Antonio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article presents the results of research exploring the dynamics of recognition in the interactive work of female cashiers in supermarket chains in Santiago, Chile. Based on three dimensions of recognition configured from gendered elements of interactive service work, cashiers' recognition experiences are analyzed, considering their socio‐biographical trajectories, their link with the companies, and the dynamics of the trade they establish in customer service labor. Findings show ambivalent recognition processes combining those instituted “from above” by the administration and those articulated “from below” by families, professional peers, and customers in daily interactions. Based on the results, the article discusses the challenges for a research agenda on recognition at work capable of considering the gendered dynamics of work in the service sector.
Preferences for Peer Support Amongst Families Engaged in Paediatric Screening Programmes: The Perspectives of Parents Involved in Screening for Type 1 Diabetes in Children Aged 3–13
Authors: Litchfield Ian , Quinn Lauren M. , Boardman Felicity , Boiko Olga , Narendran Parth , Choundhary Shivam , Setti Naga , Sheth Veer , Greenfield Sheila M. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis work describes a secondary analysis of a qualitative data set originally used to understand parent participants' preferences for the design and implementation of a screening programme for paediatric Type 1 diabetes (T1D). From this, their spontaneous preferences for peer support emerged, described here in the context of existing peer support programmes for the newly diagnosed alongside suggestions for their incorporation into screening programmes for T1D and a range of other conditions.MethodsData were collected from semi‐structured interviews conducted with parents of children aged 3–13 years to explore their expectations, perceptions and preferences of a T1D paediatric screening programme. A secondary analysis of interviews from participants who spontaneously raised preferences for peer support was used to populate a novel framework informed by NHS England's key principles for the same, namely, Shared experiences and reciprocated support, Accessibility and inclusivity and Person‐centred and integrated peer support.ResultsParents in 29 of 33 interviews spontaneously described the potential value of peer support if receiving a result indicating a positive (presymptomatic T1D result) from a screening programme. Specifically, the value of ‘Shared experiences and reciprocated support’ in terms of emotional support and reassurance, and access to more directly interpretable and relevant information related to the condition; ‘Accessibility and inclusivity’ relating to access to a community of similar individuals, whether in person or online; ‘Person‐centred and integrated peer‐support’ and the need for support reflecting the changing need of the child and the integration of peer support with clinical care.ConclusionsThe needs of peer support described by parents involved in T1D paediatric screening appear to be shared with those of families with children diagnosed with a range of life‐altering conditions. Although the needs of peer support for paediatric screening may differ across conditions, our findings are a valuable starting point for its design both in T1D and other examples of similar population screening programmes.Patient or Public ContributionPatients and the public have been involved throughout the design of the ELSA study and have worked with us to inform the study process. They contributed to the design and content of patient‐facing materials, the content of our topic guides and the analysis and interpretation of our findings.
Teeth with vital pulps and stage III periodontitis unresponsive to therapy exhibit a pulpal inflammatory profile similar to symptomatic irreversible pulpitis
Authors: Louzada Lidiane Mendes , Arruda‐Vasconcelos Rodrigo , Kearney Michaela , Yamauchi Yukako , Gomes Brenda P. F. A. , Duncan Henry F. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to investigate the expression of inflammatory biomarkers (TNF‐α, IL‐10, IL‐1β) and the pulpitis‐associated miRNA (miR‐30a‐5p and miR‐128‐3p) in pulp tissue samples from unrestored teeth with a vital normal pulp (NP), teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (IP) and in unrestored teeth with periodontal disease, unresponsive to periodontal therapy, and a vital pulp (EP).MethodologyThirty patients were included in this observational study (10 teeth with NP, 10 teeth with IP, 10 teeth with EP). Dental pulp tissues samples were collected from patients during root canal treatment (RCT). RNA was extracted and qRT‐PCR of target genes (tumour necrosis factor [TNF]‐α, interleukin [IL]‐1β, IL‐10) and miRNAs (has‐miR‐30a‐5p, has‐miR‐128‐3p) performed to assess the expression profile. Fold‐change in expression was calculated using the formula 2−(ΔCt(Exp)−ΔCt(Ctrl)). One‐way anova with post‐hoc Tukey's was used to determine significant differences between groups. The significance level was set at 5% (p < .05). All teeth were also followed up clinically for 1 year and evaluated for a range of endodontic and periodontal‐related outcomes.ResultsAll investigated genes significantly increased in expression and miRNAs significantly decreased in expression in the IP and EP groups compared with the NP group (p < .05). With regards to TNF‐α and IL‐1β there were no significant differences in expression between the IP and EP groups (p > .05), whereas IL‐10 expression levels were significantly reduced in the EP compared with the IP group (p < .05). Both miR‐30a‐5p and miR‐128‐3p showed significantly reduced expression in both IP and EP lesions, compared with NP (p < .05); however, no significant differences in miRNA expression were observed between IP and EP groups (p > .05). One year after root canal treatment and periodontal maintenance, tooth mobility and probing depth were significantly reduced in the EP group (p < .05).ConclusionPulp tissues from teeth with IP and EP presented similar levels of altered inflammatory markers compared with NP. TNF‐α, IL‐10, IL‐1β cytokines and miRNAs (miR‐30a‐5p and miR‐128‐3p) are potential objective biomarkers to indicate pulpal inflammatory status, aiding diagnosis and directing clinical decision‐making. RCT may be beneficial to improve stage III periodontitis unresponsive to non‐surgical periodontal treatment, but further research is required.
Trust in the retirement system and investment decisions of property investors
Authors: Tajaddini Reza , Gholipour Hassan F. , Arjomandi Amir 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUsing Australian national‐level survey data and applying Poisson regressions, we show that property investors who have more trust in the retirement system tend to own fewer investment properties. This finding is robust to various estimation methods, sample sizes, and periods.
Waning Humoral Immune Response Following the Third and Fourth SARS‐COV‐2 Vaccine: A Cohort Study in Healthcare Workers
Authors: Süner Ahmet Furkan , Ergör Gül , Çağlayan Derya , Türe Neslişah , Güzel Irmak , Irmak Çağlar , Işık Elif , Appak Özgür , Çelik Muammer , Öztürk Gamze , Çavuş Sema Alp , Sayiner Arzu , Ergör Alp , Demiral Yücel , Kilic Bulent 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study is aimed at providing information about the timing of booster doses and antibody kinetics in healthcare workers.MethodsThis research extends a prospective cohort study conducted at Dokuz Eylul University Hospital in Turkey, covering the period from March 2021 to December 2021. During this timeframe, the antibody levels of the health workers were measured at four different time points. The associations of antibody levels with gender, age, occupation, body mass index (BMI), chronic disease, and smoking were analyzed.ResultsThere was a significant difference between antibody levels in all four blood draws (p < 0.001). Antibody levels decreased in both those vaccinated with BNT162b2 (p < 0.001) and those vaccinated with CoronaVac (p = 0.002) until the fourth blood draw. There was a significant difference between those vaccinated with one and two doses of booster BNT162b2 before the third blood draw (p < 0.001), which continued at the fourth blood draw (p < 0.001). The antibody levels of those with an interval of 41–50 days between two vaccinations decreased significantly at the fourth blood draw (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThis study provides insight into the dynamics and persistence of antibody response after additional COVID‐19 vaccine doses among healthcare workers. The longer the interval between booster doses may result in greater antibody levels being maintained over time, allowing for longer durations of protection.