bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Electrofishing and Visual Surveying Methods for Estimating Fish Community Structure in Temperate Rivers
Authors: Macnaughton C. J. , Harvey‐Lavoie S. , Senay C. , Lanthier G. , Bourque G. , Legendre P. , Boisclair D. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractStudies attempting to describe fish community structure in shallow riverine environments typically rely on electrofishing and/or visual (snorkelling) surveys, but few have addressed the relative efficiencies of these two methods at estimating fish density and biomass across wide ranges of geography, taxonomy and life history stages. Multiple paired electrofishing and visual surveys were conducted in 18 temperate Canadian rivers in order to obtain community‐wide density and biomass estimates from both methods. Partial canonical multivariate analyses were applied to the paired fish community matrices comparing the results of both surveying methods at the taxonomic levels of family, genus and species, as well as size classes within families and species, to assess the particular effectiveness of each sampling method. Although electrofishing estimates of family and species richness were generally greater, snorkelling surveys tended to generate higher density and biomass estimates for different size classes of many salmonid and cyprinid species. Moreover, mean river biomass estimates derived from visual surveying matched those obtained from our best mean river biomass estimates arising from the two methods combined. This study provides empirical evidence that electrofishing and visual survey methods generate different types of information when assessing fish community structure at the family level or by size classes. Our results provide ample background information for determining the most accurate sampling method for a particular fish community assemblage, which is fundamental to fisheries management and research. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Effects of DAM Removal on River Colonization by Sea Lamprey Petromyzon Marinus
Authors: Lasne E. , Sabatié M.‐R. , Jeannot N. , Cucherousset J. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractHabitat fragmentation is an important cause of biodiversity loss in freshwater systems, as worldwide rivers have been fragmented by dams and other hydraulic structures. To restore freshwater fish populations, some barriers have been removed, but the long‐term ecological effects of this removal have been rarely quantified. In the present study, we quantified the effects of barrier removal on river colonization by anadromous sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) by analyzing the spatial distribution and nest density in a small coastal river (France) from 1994 to 2011. Our results demonstrated the benefit of dam removal within few years after restoration. Indeed, the spatial distribution of nests shifted significantly upstream and was more uniform throughout the river after removal. Our results also suggest that the spatial patterns of habitat colonization were affected by the density of nests, river flow and connectivity. Finally, although the number of nests was significantly higher after removal, it was not possible to clearly identify the contribution of intrinsic versus external factors involved in this pattern. Further investigations are therefore needed to quantify the potential subsequent effects on juvenile recruitment and the overall population dynamics. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental detection of mobile satellite transmissions with cyclostationary features
Authors: Dimc Franc , Baldini Gianmarco , Kandeepan Sithamparanathan 
Published: June 2014

SummaryOne of the important functions of cognitive radio (CR) technology is spectrum sensing. The implementation of an efficient spectrum sensing function can be quite challenging because of various factors such as multi‐path fading, low signal‐to‐noise ratio of the radio communication services to be detected and the requirement to detect and analyze the signal in a short time. As a consequence, it is important to quantitatively assess the performance of spectrum sensing techniques in various scenarios. This paper investigates different digital signal processing techniques for spectrum sensing in the context of mobile satellite transmissions: power sensing, cyclostationary sensing, efficient cyclostationary sensing based on FFT accumulation method and strip spectral correlation algorithm. This paper presents experimental results on the cyclostationary properties of GSM Thuraya mobile satellite communications in various conditions both for the uplink and downlink channels. The receiver operating characteristics are computed, and the results are presented for different algorithms and different positions of the satellite terminals. The experimental results show that the cyclostationary‐feature‐based detection can be robust compared to energy‐based technique for low signal‐to‐noise ratio levels. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An improved elman neural network controller based on quasi‐ARX neural network for nonlinear systems
Authors: Sutrisno Imam , Abu Jami'in Mohammad , Hu Jinglu 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAn improved Elman neural network (IENN) controller with particle swarm optimization (PSO) is presented for nonlinear systems. The proposed controller is composed of a quasi‐ARX neural network (QARXNN) prediction model and a switching mechanism. The switching mechanism is used to guarantee that the prediction model works well. The primary controller is designed based on IENN using the backpropagation (BP) learning algorithm with PSO. PSO is used to adjust the learning rates in the BP process for improving the learning capability. The adaptive learning rates of the controller are investigated via the Lyapunov stability theorem. The proposed controller performance is verified through numerical simulation. The method is compared with the fuzzy switching and 0/1 switching methods to show its effectiveness in terms of stability, accuracy, and robustness. © 2014 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Microfabrication of ionic polymer actuators by selective plasma irradiation
Authors: Kikuchi Kunitomo , Taniguchi Tomohisa , Miki Hirofumi , Tsuchitani Shigeki , Asaka Kinji 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA novel method for fabricating a miniaturized ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC) with plated gold electrodes is developed by combining selective plasma irradiation and electroless plating. The membrane is irradiated by SF6 or CF4 plasmas through a stencil mask prior to plating to prevent deposition of a gold electrode in the plasma‐irradiated area. Miniaturized IPMCs are fabricated with a 400‐µm‐wide line‐and‐space pattern. The proposed method has the potential to realize miniaturized IPMCs combined with microelectromechanical system (MEMS) devices because this provides a direct and simple fabrication process. © 2014 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Prenatal diagnosis of giant cardiac rhabdomyoma in tuberous sclerosis complex: a new therapeutic option with everolimus
Authors: Mlczoch E. , Hanslik A. , Luckner D. , Kitzmüller E. , Prayer D. , Michel‐Behnke I. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTTuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal cell proliferation and tumor growth in a number of organ systems, primarily the brain, kidneys, eyes and heart. Clinical symptoms vary according to the location of the tumor. The most common disorders are seizures, neurodevelopmental disorders, renal failure and arrhythmias. TSC was found to be influenced by inhibitors of the protein kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which regulates abnormal cellular proliferation. mTOR inhibitors have been studied effectively in patients with subependymal giant‐cell astrocytomas and renal angiolipomas in the context of TSC. We describe a prenatally diagnosed case of giant rhabdomyoma, due to right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, which presented as a duct‐dependent lesion. Postnatal treatment with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus initiated significant regression of the cardiac tumor. This finding suggests that mTOR inhibitor therapy is an option for giant rhabdomyomas that develop in the neonatal period. Copyright © 2014 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
The Tetracyanopyrrolide Anion as Ligand in Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Szafranowska Barbara , Beck Johannes 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTwo isotypic mononuclear discrete complexes [Co(MeCN)4(tcp)2]·2MeCN (1) and [Ni(MeCN)4(tcp)2]·2MeCN (2) containing the tetracyanopyrrolide anion [C4(CN)4N]– (tcp) were synthesized from [Me4N]tcp and the respective metal perchlorates in acetone/acetonitrile. Tcp coordinates to the transition metal atoms in η1 fashion via the nitrogen atom of the pyrrole ring. No coordination via the cyano groups is observed. Both complexes show nearly ideal paramagnetic behavior according to the Curie law with magnetic moments of 4.98 μB for 1 and 3.09 μB for 2. In the presence of Cu2+ ions tcp reacts with traces of water under hydrolysis of one cyano group to tricyanopyrrole‐2‐carboxamide (NC4(CN)3C(O)NH2)– (tcpc). From solutions in DMF the complex [Cu(tcpc)2(DMF)2] (3) is isolated.
Meta‐analysis of the Efficacies of Extended and Standard Pancreatoduodenectomy for Ductal Adenocarcinoma of the Head of the Pancreas
Authors: Sun Jingfeng , Yang Yinxue , Wang Xuan , Yu Zhen , Zhang Ting , Song Jun , Zhao Hewei , Wen Jianfei , Du Yong , Lau Wan Yee , Zhang Yewei 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of extended pancreatoduodenectomy (EPD) and standard pancreatoduodenectomy (SPD) for ductal adenocarcinoma of the head of the pancreas via meta‐analysis.MethodsRelevant articles (published between 1995 and 2012) were compiled from online data sources. A total of nine studies satisfied the selection criteria, including a total of 973 patients (478 in the SPD group and 495 in the EPD group). Evaluation parameters included 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year survival, as well as mortality, morbidity, and specific morbidity outcomes.ResultsMeta‐analysis revealed (1) differences in morbidity (Odds ratio [OR] = 1.740; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.840–3.600; P = 0.140), mortality (OR = 0.890; 95 % CI, 0.560–1.400; P = 0.620), 1‐year overall survival (OS) rate (OR = 1.20; 95 % CI, 0.490–2.930; P = 0.69), 3‐year OS rate (OR = 0.770; 95 % CI, 0.460–1.280; P = 0.190), and 5‐year OS rate (OR = 1.12; 95 % CI, 0.690–1.810; P = 0.560) were not significant between EPD and SPD. (2) For bile leak (OR = 2.640; 95 % CI, 1.040–6.700; P = 0.040), pancreatic leak (OR = 1.740; 95 % CI, 1.040–2.91; P = 0.030), delayed gastric emptying (OR = 2.090; 95 % CI, 1.240–3.520; P = 0.006), and lymphatic fistula (OR = 6.120; 95 % CI, 1.06–35.320; P = 0.040) differences between EPD and SPD were significant, whereas other specific morbidities were not significantly different.ConclusionsExtended pancreatoduodenectomy does not improve 1‐, 3‐, 5‐year OS rates compared to SPD and there is a trend toward increased bile leak, pancreatic leak, delayed gastric emptying, and lymphatic fistula after EPD.
Improving coenzyme Q8 production in Escherichia coli employing multiple strategies
Authors: Xu Wen , Yang Shuiyun , Zhao Junchao , Su Tingting , Zhao Liangrui , Liu Jiankang 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a medically valuable compound and a high yielding strain for CoQ will have several benefits for the industrial production of CoQ. To increase the CoQ8 content of E. coli, we blocked the pathway for the synthesis of menaquinone by deleting the menA gene. The blocking of menaquinone pathway increased the CoQ8 content by 81 % in E. coli (ΔmenA). To study the CoQ producing potential of E. coli, we employed previous known increasing strategies for systematic metabolic engineering. These include the supplementation with substrate precursors and the co-expression of rate-limiting genes. The co-expression of dxs-ubiA and the supplementation with substrate precursors such as pyruvate (PYR) and parahydroxybenzoic acid (pHBA) increased the content of CoQ8 in E. coli (ΔmenA) by 125 and 59 %, respectively. Moreover, a 180 % increase in the CoQ8 content in E. coli (ΔmenA) was realized by the combination of the co-expression of dxs-ubiA and the supplementation with PYR and pHBA. All in all, CoQ8 content in E. coli increased 4.06 times by blocking the menaquinone pathway, dxs-ubiA co-expression and the addition of sodium pyruvate and parahydroxybenzoic acid to the medium. Results suggested a synergistic effect among different metabolic engineering strategies.
Introduction to Ecological Description of a Community Intervention: Building Prevention Through Collaborative Field Based Research
Authors: Allen James , Mohatt Gerald V. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis special issue of theAmerican Journal of Community Psychologyis the result of a 18‐year partnership with Alaska Native communities using collaborative field based research methods. Its goal is to provide a case study fulfilling the spirit of ecological inquiry, offering a detailed and nuanced description of a community intervention. The articles describe the nature of our work, including some of our successes, as well as challenges, dilemmas, and even disappointments we experienced along the way. Our primary aim was to develop and assess the feasibility of a complex, multi‐level intervention to increase protective factors hypothesized to reduce suicide and alcohol abuse among rural Yup'ik Alaska Native youth ages 12–18. The articles that follow include descriptions of the cultural context, relevant literature and project history, our methods of community engagement in measurement development strategies, an empirical test of the prevention model that guided the intervention, the development and implementation of the intervention, a feasibility and impact assessment, and an evaluation of community engagement. A final article summarizes what is generalizable from the work in field based intervention research with rural and culturally distinct populations, and future prospects for decolonizing community intervention research methods. These papers raise important issues, including (1) need for deep, contextual ecological descriptions, (2) reconceptualization of time in the research relationship, (3) distinctions between populations and communities, and (4) the conflict between values of communities and intervention science.
Well‐Being and Social Justice Among Moroccan Migrants in Southern Spain
Authors: Paloma Virginia , García-Ramírez Manuel , Camacho Carlos 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe decision to migrate is normally based on expectations of improving one's actual living conditions and therefore, one's well‐being. However, these expectations are not usually met in receiving contexts that relegate newcomers to lower power positions. From a liberating community psychology approach, this study aims to develop a predictive model of the well‐being of Moroccan migrants living in southern Spain. Data were collected from a survey sample of 633 migrants (the average age was 31.9 years and 51.8 % were women) from 20 territorial units of Andalusia. Through a process of multilevel regression analysis, this study reveals that the well‐being of the Moroccan community is closely determined by the following: (a) the level of social justice in the receiving context (openness to diversity of receiving communities, cultural sensitivity of community services, and residential integration); and (b) the individual strengths of the population (use of active coping strategies, satisfaction with the receiving context, and temporal stability in the new environment). These results empirically support the impact that different ecological levels of analysis have on well‐being. Major theoretical contributions of the model and useful suggestions for improving migrant well‐being are discussed.
Mind Over Matter? The Role of Individual Perceptions in Understanding the Social Ecology of Housing Environments for Individuals with Psychiatric Disabilities
Authors: Townley Greg , Kloos Bret 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThere is a disagreement in place‐based research regarding whether objective indicators or individual perceptions of environments are better predictors of well‐being. This study assessed environmental influences on well‐being for 373 individuals with psychiatric disabilities living independently in 66 neighborhoods in the southeastern United States. Three questions were examined utilizing random effects models: (1) How much variance in personal and neighborhood well‐being can be explained by neighborhood membership? (2) What is the relationship between participant perceptions of neighborhood quality and researcher ratings of neighborhood quality? and (3) What is the relative influence of individual perceptions, perceptions aggregated by neighborhood, and researcher ratings of neighborhood quality in predicting personal and neighborhood well‐being? Results indicate that individual perceptions of neighborhood quality were more closely related to well‐being than either aggregated perceptions or researcher ratings. Thus, participants’ perceptions of their neighborhoods were more important indicators of their well‐being than objective ratings made by researchers. Findings have implications for measurement approaches and intervention design in placed‐based research.
Dorsal Fracture-Dislocations of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint: Evaluation of Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Kirschner wire Pinning
Authors: Haseth Kristin B. de , Neuhaus Valentin , Mudgal Chaitanya S. 
Published: June 2014

Background The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcome of closed reduction and percutaneous Kirschner wire pinning in acute dorsal fracture-dislocations of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint. Methods Eight men and one woman were treated with closed reduction and percutaneous Kirschner wire pinning by one orthopaedic surgeon. The ring finger was injured in six patients, the small finger in two patients and the middle finger in one patient. The mean joint surface involvement was 36 % (range, 26–49 %). The Kirschner wires were removed after an average of 28 days (range, 24–37 days). Results All patients demonstrated a painless, but fusiform, swollen PIP joint after a mean follow-up of 6.5 months. The average flexion of the PIP joint was 106° (range, 80–110), and the average extension of the PIP joint was 4° short of full extension (range, 10 hyperextension–15 flexion contracture). All patients had a concentrically reduced PIP joint with a healed fracture on radiographs. Two patients had radiographic evidence of degenerative changes, but were asymptomatic. One patient developed a superficial pin track infection, which quickly resolved with a short course of antibiotics, and avascular necrosis affecting one of the condyles of the proximal phalanx. Conclusions In agreement with previous studies, closed reduction and percutaneous Kirschner wire pinning in dorsal fracture-dislocations of the PIP joint is a minimally invasive and simple technique which appears to give satisfactory outcomes in the short to intermediate term.
17β‐Estradiol Increases Liver and Serum Docosahexaenoic Acid in Mice Fed Varying Levels of α‐Linolenic Acid
Authors: Mason Julie K. , Kharotia Shikhil , Wiggins Ashleigh K. A. , Kitson Alex P. , Chen Jianmin , Bazinet Richard P. , Thompson Lilian U. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDocosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is considered to be important for cardiac and brain function, and 17β‐estradiol (E2) appears to increase the conversion of α‐linolenic acid (ALA) into DHA. However, the effect of varying ALA intake on the positive effect of E2 on DHA synthesis is not known. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of E2 supplementation on tissue and serum fatty acids in mice fed a low‐ALA corn oil‐based diet (CO, providing 0.6 % fatty acids as ALA) or a high ALA flaxseed meal‐based diet (FS, providing 11.2 % ALA). Ovariectomized mice were implanted with a slow‐release E2 pellet at 3 weeks of age and half the mice had the pellet removed at 7 weeks of age. Mice were then randomized onto either the CO or FS diet. After 4 weeks, the DHA concentration was measured in serum, liver and brain. A significant main effect of E2 was found for liver and serum DHA, corresponding to 25 and 15 % higher DHA in livers of CO and FS rats, respectively, and 19 and 13 % in serum of CO and FS rats, respectively, compared to unsupplemented mice. There was no effect of E2 on brain DHA. E2 results in higher DHA in serum and liver, at both levels of dietary ALA investigated presently, suggesting that higher ALA intake may result in higher DHA in individuals with higher E2 status.
Fanconi-Bickel Syndrome - Mutation in SLC2A2 Gene
Authors: Kehar Mohit , Bijarnia Sunita , Ellard Sian , Houghton Jayne , Saxena Renu , Verma I. C. , Wadhwa Nishant 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Fanconi-Bickel Syndrome (FBS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of carbohydrate metabolism. The defect in the GLUT 2 receptors in the hepatocytes, pancreas and renal tubules leads to symptoms secondary to glycogen storage, glucose metabolism and renal tubular dysfunction. Derangement in glucose metabolism is classical with fasting hypoglycemia and post-prandial hyperglycemia. The authors report a 4-year-old boy who presented with failure to thrive, motor delay, protuberant abdomen and was noted to have huge hepatomegaly with glycogen deposition in liver, and renal tubular acidosis. Gene sequencing revealed homozygous mutation, c.1330T > C in SLC2A2 gene, thus confirming the diagnosis of FBS. Only three mutations have been reported from India so far. The primary reason for referral to authors’ hospital was for liver transplantation, but an accurate diagnosis led to avoidance of the major surgery and streamlining of treatment with clinical benefit to the child and family.
Infinitely many new curves of the Fučík spectrum
Authors: Molle Riccardo , Passaseo Donato 
Published: June 2014

In this paper we present some results on the Fučík spectrum for the Laplace operator, that give new information on its structure. In particular, these results show that, if

Ω

is a bounded domain of

\mathbb{R}^{N}

with

N > 1

, then the Fučík spectrum has infinitely many curves asymptotic to the lines

\{\lambda _{1}\} \times \mathbb{R}

and

\mathbb{R} \times \{\lambda _{1}\}

, where

\lambda _{1}

denotes the first eigenvalue of the operator

−Δ

in

H_{0}^{1}(\Omega )

. Notice that the situation is quite different in the case

N = 1

; in fact, in this case the Fučík spectrum may be obtained by direct computation and one can verify that it includes only two curves asymptotic to these lines.

Résumé

Nous présentons des résultats qui donnent de nouvelles informations sur la structure du spectre de Fučík pour l'opérateur de Laplace. En particulier, ces résultats montrent que, si

Ω

est un domaine borné de

\mathbb{R}^{N}

avec

N > 1

, alors le spectre de Fučík a un nombre infini de courbes qui ont comme asymptotes les droites

\{\lambda _{1}\} \times \mathbb{R}

et

\mathbb{R} \times \{\lambda _{1}\}

, où

\lambda _{1}

est la première valeur propre de l'operateur

−Δ

in

H_{0}^{1}(\Omega )

. La situation est bien différente dans le cas

N = 1

; en effect, dans ce cas on peut vérifier qu'il y a seulement deux courbes dans le spectre de Fučík, qui ont ces droites comme asymptotes.