bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and nationwide estimates of cryptogenic ischemic stroke or TIA eligible for prolonged cardiac rhythm monitoring
Authors: Béjot Yannick , Duloquin Gauthier , Guenancia Charles 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Current guidelines indicate prolonged cardiac rhythm monitoring for atrial fibrillation screening in patients with cryptogenic ischemic stroke (IS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA). This study aimed to assess the incidence of cryptogenic IS/TIA eligible for such investigation, and to estimate the number of patients potentially concerned in whole France annually. Methods: All cryptogenic acute IS/TIA cases ⩾35 years old were retrieved from the population-based Dijon Stroke Registry, France (2013–2020). Patients eligible for prolonged cardiac rhythm monitoring were defined after excluding those who died in-hospital or within the first 30 days, or with preexisting major impairment. Annual incidence rates of eligible cryptogenic IS/TIA were calculated by age groups and sex. The total number of eligible patients in France was estimated by standardization to age- and sex-specific incidence. Results: Among 2811 IS/TIA patients recorded in the Dijon Stroke Registry, 1239 had cryptogenic IS/TIA of whom 1045 were eligible for prolonged cardiac rhythm monitoring (517 IS and 528 TIA, mean age 73.6 ± 14.6 years old, 55.4% women). Crude incidence rates of eligible cryptogenic IS/TIA were 169/100,000 per year (95% CI: 159–179) in overall sexes, 83/100,000 per year (95% CI: 76–91) for IS, and 85/100,000 per year (95% CI: 78–93) for TIA. The total number of patients with cryptogenic IS/TIA eligible for prolonged cardiac rhythm monitoring in France was estimated to be 66,125 (95% CI: 65,622–66,630) for the calendar year 2022, including 32,764 (95% CI: 32,410–33,120) with IS and 33,361 (95% CI: 33,004–33,721) with TIA. Conclusions: This study demonstrated a high incidence of cryptogenic IS/TIA eligible for prolonged cardiac rhythm monitoring. Estimates at a national level pointed out the large number of patients who may require access to such atrial fibrillation screening, with attention to be paid on regarding organization of care networks and related costs.
Beat-AML 2024 ELN–refined risk stratification for older adults with newly diagnosed AML given lower-intensity therapy
Authors: Hoff Fieke W. , Blum William G. , Huang Ying , Welkie Rina Li , Swords Ronan T. , Traer Elie , Stein Eytan M. , Lin Tara L. , Archer Kellie J. , Patel Prapti A. , Collins Robert H. , Baer Maria R. , Duong Vu H. , Arellano Martha L. , Stock Wendy , Odenike Olatoyosi , Redner Robert L. , Kovacsovics Tibor , Deininger Michael W. , Zeidner Joshua F. , Olin Rebecca L. , Smith Catherine C. , Foran James M. , Schiller Gary J. , Curran Emily K. , Koenig Kristin L. , Heerema Nyla A. , Chen Timothy , Martycz Molly , Stefanos Mona , Marcus Sonja G. , Rosenberg Leonard , Druker Brian J. , Levine Ross L. , Burd Amy , Yocum Ashley O. , Borate Uma M. , Mims Alice S. , Byrd John C. , Madanat Yazan F. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Although the 2022 European LeukemiaNet (ELN) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) risk classification reliably predicts outcomes in younger patients treated with intensive chemotherapy, it is unclear whether it applies to adults ≥60 years treated with lower-intensity treatment (LIT). We aimed to test the prognostic impact of ELN risk in patients with newly diagnosed (ND) AML aged ≥60 years given LIT and to further refine risk stratification for these patients. A total of 595 patients were included: 11% had favorable-, 11% intermediate-, and 78% had adverse-risk AML. ELN risk was prognostic for overall survival (OS) (P &lt; .001) but did not stratify favorable- from intermediate-risk (P = .71). Within adverse-risk AML, the impact of additional molecular abnormalities was further evaluated. Multivariable analysis was performed on a training set (n = 316) and identified IDH2 mutation as an independent favorable prognostic factor, and KRAS, MLL2, and TP53 mutations as unfavorable (P &lt; .05). A “mutation score” was calculated for each combination of these mutations, assigning adverse-risk patients to 2 risk groups: −1 to 0 points (“Beat-AML intermediate”) vs 1+ points (“Beat-AML adverse”). In the final refined risk classification, ELN favorable- and intermediate-risk were combined into a newly defined “Beat-AML favorable-risk” group, in addition to mutation scoring within the ELN adverse-risk group. This approach redefines risk for older patients with ND AML and proposes refined Beat-AML risk groups with improved discrimination for OS (2-year OS, 48% vs 33% vs 11%, respectively; P &lt; .001), providing patients and providers additional information for treatment decision-making.
Sex, tissue, and mitochondrial interactions modify the transcriptional response to rapamycin in Drosophila
Authors: Raynes Yevgeniy , Santiago John C. , Lemieux Faye A. , Darwin Leah , Rand David M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Many common diseases exhibit uncontrolled mTOR signaling, prompting considerable interest in the therapeutic potential of mTOR inhibitors, such as rapamycin, to treat a range of conditions, including cancer, aging-related pathologies, and neurological disorders. Despite encouraging preclinical results, the success of mTOR interventions in the clinic has been limited by off-target side effects and dose-limiting toxicities. Improving clinical efficacy and mitigating side effects require a better understanding of the influence of key clinical factors, such as sex, tissue, and genomic background, on the outcomes of mTOR-targeting therapies.

Results
We assayed gene expression with and without rapamycin exposure across three distinct body parts (head, thorax, abdomen) of D. melanogaster flies, bearing either their native melanogaster mitochondrial genome or the mitochondrial genome from a related species, D. simulans. The fully factorial RNA-seq study design revealed a large number of genes that responded to the rapamycin treatment in a sex-dependent and tissue-dependent manner, and relatively few genes with the transcriptional response to rapamycin affected by the mitochondrial background. Reanalysis of an earlier study confirmed that mitochondria can have a temporal influence on rapamycin response.

Conclusions
We found significant and wide-ranging effects of sex and body part, alongside a subtle, potentially time-dependent, influence of mitochondria on the transcriptional response to rapamycin. Our findings suggest a number of pathways that could be crucial for predicting potential side effects of mTOR inhibition in a particular sex or tissue. Further studies of the temporal response to rapamycin are necessary to elucidate the effects of the mitochondrial background on mTOR and its inhibition.
“Psychiatric emergency consultations of minors: a qualitative study of professionals’ experiences”
Authors: So P. , Nooteboom LA. , Vullings RM. , Mulder CL. , Vermeiren RRJM. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Psychiatric emergency assessment of minors can be a complex process, especially for professional staff who are not specifically trained in handling child and adolescent emergency patients. As minors cannot usually express their feelings and experiences as well as adults, it is difficult to form an accurate picture of their condition and to determine what kind of emergency care is needed, for instance whether or not a psychiatric emergency admission is necessary. We lack insight in what professionals at emergency departments need to adequately assess these minors and their families. The aim of this study was to explore staff members’ experiences with assessing minors and explore recommendations for improving their ability to provide appropriate support.

Methods
Guided by a topic list with open-ended questions, we conducted 11 semi-structured interviews with staff working at psychiatric emergency services. Thematic analysis enabled us to identify five main themes: (1) young age and the crucial role of parents; (2) professionals’ feelings, especially uncertainty; (3) psychiatric emergency admissions and the alternatives to them; (4) regional differences in organization and tasks; and (5) options for improving care.

Results
The staff interviewed all agreed that it was often complicated and time consuming to take full responsibility when assessing minors with serious and urgent psychiatric problems. Most found it difficult to determine which behaviors were and were not age-appropriate, and how to handle systemic problems during the assessment. When assessing minors and their families in crisis, this led to uncertainty. Professionals were especially insecure when assessing children under age 12 and their families, feeling they lacked the appropriate knowledge and routine.

Conclusion
Customized expertise development and improved regional embedding of the psychiatric emergency service in the child and adolescent services will reduce professionals’ uncertainty and improve psychiatric emergency care for minors.
Tissue surface adaptation and retention of digital obturator after one year of use
Authors: khalaf Khadija Mohamed Abd El Salam , Rashad Hoda Mohamed Amin , Mostafa Tamer Mohamed Nasr 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Effect of aging on tissue adaptability and retention of digital obturator is still under investigation.

Methods
A maxillary Armany (class I) epoxy reference model was scanned to fabricate digital obturator fabricated from milled Co-Cr framework and 3D printed bulb. A color map of the scanned reference and digital obturator was made using Geomagic software to evaluate the accuracy of fit before and after cyclic loading using ROBOTA chewing simulator at 37,500, 75,000 and 150,000 cycles to simulate clinically 3-, 6- and 12-months chewing condition. Insertion-removal condition simulating the placement and removal of the obturator was done using repeated 360, 720 and 1440 cycles and retention was evaluated before and after the repeated cycles. Data were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics 26). Student t-test and multi variable ANOVA test were used to detect significance. P-value < 0.05 was considered significant difference.

Results
For retention test: There was a significant difference between baseline and 3, 6 and12 months. For the tissue surface adaptation test: There was significant difference at all measured areas (P-value < 0.05) before and after application of load.

Conclusion
digitally designed and fabricated obturator was highly retentive and has excellent tissue surface adaptation upon fabrication, After application of load; reduction of retention and lack of tissue adaptation were resulted.

The clinical implication
of this manuscript is that digital obturator can be used successfully with the shortcomings of loosening retention and adaptation afterwhile. So, clinical trials should investigate the clinical acceptance of these shortcomings.
Development and implementation of evidence-based, nurse-leading early warning model and healthcare quality improvement project for transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy: a mixed-methods, before-and-after study
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyu , Ye Yishan , Jin Aiyun , Pan Zhengwen , Xu Zhe , Ding Shuyi , Yan Jiali , Cheng Yin , Huang Yixuan , Cao Kai , Xie Wei , Zhang Jianli , Xu Liwei , Zhou Weiwei , Huang Lihua 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective
The early identification and diagnosis of transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA) are essential yet difficult in patients underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). To develop an evidence-based, nurse-leading early warning model for TA-TMA, and implement the healthcare quality review and improvement project.

Methods
This study was a mixed-methods, before-and-after study. The early warning model was developed based on quality evidence from literature search. The healthcare quality review and improvement project mainly included baseline investigation of nurse, improvement action and effectiveness evaluation. The awareness and knowledge of early parameter of TA-TMA among nurses and the prognosis of patients underwent HSCT were compared before and after the improvement.

Results
A total of 1 guideline, 1 evidence synthesis, 4 expert consensuses, 10 literature reviews, 2 diagnostic studies, and 9 case series were included in the best evidence. The early warning model including warning period, high-risk characteristics and early manifestation of TA-TMA was developed. The improvement action, including staff training and assessment, suspected TA-TMA identification and patient education, was implemented. The awareness and knowledge rate of early parameter of TA-TMA among nurses significantly improved after improvement action (100% vs. 26.7%, P < 0.001). The incidence of TA-TMA was similar among patients underwent HSCT before and after improvement action (2.8% vs. 1.2%, P = 0.643), while no fall event occurred after improvement action (0 vs. 1.2%, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
The evidence-based early warning model and healthcare quality improvement project could enhance the awareness and knowledge of TA-TMA among healthcare providers and might improve the prognosis of patients diagnosed with TA-TMA.
Life on a leaf: the epiphyte to pathogen continuum and interplay in the phyllosphere
Authors: Thomas Graham , Kay William T. , Fones Helen N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEpiphytic microbes are those that live for some or all of their life cycle on the surface of plant leaves. Leaf surfaces are a topologically complex, physicochemically heterogeneous habitat that is home to extensive, mixed communities of resident and transient inhabitants from all three domains of life. In this review, we discuss the origins of leaf surface microbes and how different biotic and abiotic factors shape their communities. We discuss the leaf surface as a habitat and microbial adaptations which allow some species to thrive there, with particular emphasis on microbes that occupy the continuum between epiphytic specialists and phytopathogens, groups which have considerable overlap in terms of adapting to the leaf surface and between which a single virulence determinant can move a microbial strain. Finally, we discuss the recent findings that the wheat pathogenic fungus Zymoseptoria tritici spends a considerable amount of time on the leaf surface, and ask what insights other epiphytic organisms might provide into this pathogen, as well as how Z. tritici might serve as a model system for investigating plant–microbe-microbe interactions on the leaf surface.
History of childhood maltreatment associated with hospitalization or death due to COVID-19: a cohort study
Authors: Wang Yue , Ge Fenfen , Aspelund Thor , Ask Helga , Hauksdóttir Arna , Hu Kejia , Jakobsdóttir Jóhanna , Zoega Helga , Shen Qing , Whalley Heather C. , Pedersen Ole Birger Vesterager , Lehto Kelli , Andreassen Ole A. , Fang Fang , Song Huan , Valdimarsdóttir Unnur A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Childhood maltreatment (CM) has been indicated in adverse health outcomes across the lifespan, including severe infection-related outcomes. Yet, data are scarce on the potential role of CM in severe COVID-19-related outcomes as well as on mechanisms underlying this association.

Methods
We included 151,427 individuals in the UK Biobank who responded to questions on the history of CM in 2016 and 2017 and were alive on January 31, 2020. Binomial logistic regression models were performed to estimate the association between a history of CM and severe COVID-19 outcomes (i.e. hospitalization or death due to COVID-19), as well as COVID-19 diagnosis and vaccination as secondary outcomes. We then explored the potential mediating roles of socio-economic status, lifestyle and pre-pandemic comorbidities, and the effect modification by polygenic risk score for severe COVID-19 outcomes.

Results
The mean age of the study population at the start of the pandemic was 67.7 (SD = 7.72) years, and 56.5% were female. We found the number of CM types was associated with the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in a graded manner (pfor trend < 0.01). Compared to individuals with no history of CM, individuals exposed to any CM were more likely to be hospitalized or die due to COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.54 [95%CI 1.31–1.81]), particularly after physical neglect (2.04 [1.57–2.62]). Largely comparable risk patterns were observed across groups of high vs. low genetic risks for severe COVID-19 outcomes (pfor difference > 0.05). Mediation analysis revealed that 50.9% of the association between CM and severe COVID-19 outcomes was explained by suboptimal socio-economic status, lifestyle, and pre-pandemic diagnosis of psychiatric disorders or other chronic medical conditions. In contrast, any CM exposure was only weakly associated with COVID-19 diagnosis (1.06 [1.01–1.12]) while significantly associated with not being vaccinated for COVID-19 (1.21 [1.13–1.29]).

Conclusions
Our results add to the growing knowledge base indicating the role of childhood maltreatment in negative health outcomes across the lifespan, including severe COVID-19-related outcomes. The identified factors underlying this association represent potential intervention targets for mitigating the harmful effects of childhood maltreatment in COVID-19 and similar future pandemics.
Predicting disease recurrence in patients with endometriosis: an observational study
Authors: Holdsworth-Carson Sarah J. , Chung Jessica , Machalek Dorothy A. , Li Rebecca , Jun Byung Kyu , Griffiths Meaghan J. , Churchill Molly , McCaughey Tristan , Nisbet Debbie , Dior Uri , Donoghue Jacqueline F. , Montgomery Grant W. , Reddington Charlotte , Girling Jane E. , Healey Martin , Rogers Peter A. W. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite surgical and pharmacological interventions, endometriosis can recur. Reliable information regarding risk of recurrence following a first diagnosis is scant. The aim of this study was to examine clinical and survey data in the setting of disease recurrence to identify predictors of risk of endometriosis recurrence.MethodsThis observational study reviewed data from 794 patients having surgery for pelvic pain or endometriosis. Patients were stratified into two analytic groups based on self-reported or surgically confirmed recurrent endometriosis. Statistical analyses included univariate, followed by multivariate logistic regression to identify risk factors of recurrence, with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regularisation. Risk-calibrated Supersparse Linear Integer Models (RiskSLIM) and survival analyses (with Lasso) were undertaken to identify predictive features of recurrence.ResultsSeveral significant features were repeatedly identified in association with recurrence, including adhesions, high rASRM score, deep disease, bowel lesions, adenomyosis, emergency room attendance for pelvic pain, younger age at menarche, higher gravidity, high blood pressure and older age. In the surgically confirmed group, with a score of 5, the RiskSLIM method was able to predict the risk of recurrence (compared to a single diagnosis) at 95.3% and included adenomyosis and adhesions in the model. Survival analysis further highlighted bowel lesions, adhesions and adenomyosis.ConclusionsFollowing an initial diagnosis of endometriosis, clinical decision-making regarding disease management should take into consideration the presence of bowel lesions, adhesions and adenomyosis, which increase the risk of endometriosis recurrence.
Association between the triglyceride glucose-body mass index and future cardiovascular disease risk in a population with Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic syndrome stage 0–3: a nationwide prospective cohort study
Authors: Li Weipeng , Shen Chaonan , Kong Weiya , Zhou Xiaohui , Fan Huimin , Zhang Yuzhen , Liu Zhongmin , Zheng Liang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The American Heart Association (AHA) has recently introduced the concept of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) syndrome, which is the result of an increasing emphasis on the interplay of metabolic, renal and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Furthermore, there is substantial evidence of a correlation between the triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI ) and CVD as an assessment of insulin resistance (IR). However, it remains unknown whether this correlation exists in population with CKM syndrome.

Methods
All data for this study were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The exposure was the participants’ TyG-BMI at baseline, which was calculated using a combination of triglycerides (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and body mass index (BMI). The primary outcome was CVD, which were determined by the use of a standardised questionnaire during follow-up. To examine the relationship between TyG-BMI and CVD incidence in population with CKM syndrome, both Cox regression analyses and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression analyses were performed.

Results
A total of 7376 participants were included in the final analysis. Of these, 1139, 1515, 1839, and 2883 were in CKM syndrome stages 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively, at baseline. The gender distribution was 52.62% female, and the mean age was 59.17 ± 9.28 (years). The results of the fully adjusted COX regression analyses indicated that there was a 6.5% increase in the risk of developing CVD for each 10-unit increase in TyG-BMI,95% confidence interval (CI):1.041–1.090. The RCS regression analyses demonstrated a positive linear association between TyG-BMI and the incidence of CVD in the CKM syndrome population (P for overall < 0.001, P for nonlinear = 0.355).

Conclusions
This cohort study demonstrated a positive linear association between TyG-BMI index and increased CVD incidence in a population with CKM syndrome stage 0–3. This finding suggests that enhanced assessment of TyG-BMI index may provide a more convenient and effective tool for individuals at risk for CVD in CKM syndrome stage 0–3.