bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zero- Ready-Carbon Building Certification Scheme for Driving Hong Kong towards Carbon Neutrality
Authors: Chan C , Yau R , Yeung A , Kwok G , Chan D , Chan F , Lok T , Sat P 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Hong Kong’s Climate Action Plan 2050 set a pathway for decarbonising the electricity supply before 2050. Building sector should play a prominent role in decarbonising the demand side, which is to reduce the energy consumption within buildings. The Hong Kong Green Building Council (HKGBC) has established a “Zero-Carbon-Ready Building Certification Scheme”, which launched in 2023 to provide necessary guideline to the industry in going for carbon neutrality. The Scheme was developed by making reference with similar scheme of other countries and the carbon neutrality pathways of the two power utilities companies, Hong Kong Electric (HKE) and China Light and Power (CLP). The routes of assessment mechanism can be either “BY EUI” or “BY % Reduction” for existing buildings, and by energy simulation for new buildings. There are three types of certifications for promoting to building owners and developers towards zero carbon ready and net zero building in Hong Kong.
Design for Disassembly and Reuse: A Synthesis for Timber Construction
Authors: Chiletto T O , Knapen E , Passarelli R N 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A global demand has emerged for a paradigm shift in the construction industry. In favour of sustainable practices, there is an increasing focus on timber applications. In this context, both academics and practitioners have begun to explore ways to implement new strategies leading to circular use, such as Design for Disassembly and Reuse (DfD&R). This paper aims to investigate scientific publications reporting on recent and emerging debates and practices in the field of DfD&R with a focus on timber construction. For this purpose, a meta-synthesis of a systematic literature review was used. This procedure allowed the collection, classification, and critical appraisal of 71 scientific articles published over the last two decades. By categorising the articles into main content categories and subcategories, their main approaches and methods could be systematically classified and critically analysed. The results showed what types of research are being produced, what aspects they are considering, and, within the life cycle of a building, what stages they are covering. As a result, this synthesis has highlighted the main focus in the field, leading to an understanding of the trend in recent studies. This article synthesises research in the field, contributing to the transition to circular timber building.
Adaptive Reuse for Building Above Our Cities: Evaluating the Feasibility of Mass Timber Vertical Extensions
Authors: Kremer P , Ashraf M , Hewson N , Li X 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Mass Timber Construction (MTC) is revolutionizing urban development by presenting distinct advantages over traditional construction methods, such as its lightweight nature, reduced environmental impact, and the efficiency associated with prefabrication. The present paper delves into the transformative potential of MTC in unlocking valuable airspace above existing buildings, be they residential, mid/high-rise structures, or even parking facilities. Our project aimed to investigate how MTC technologies can facilitate vertical extensions, exploring the creation of ‘sustainable communities’ in the elevated spaces above our cities. The paper provides a broad overview of considerations for MTC vertical extensions, incorporating insights from two current case studies and offering generic conceptual considerations for various building typologies. By extending the discourse on urban sustainability, the paper touches on key aspects of urban planning, design, community dynamics, and societal needs in modern cities. A straightforward feasibility analysis for vertical extensions is presented to stimulate architectural creativity concluding with a summary of findings and practical recommendations, encouraging a rethinking of our urban landscapes in pursuit of a more sustainable and vibrant future.
A systematic literature review for contextualizing participation in circular design
Authors: Rocha V S B , Pak B , Piccardo C 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Recently, participatory processes have been recognized as important factors inside Circular Economy (CE) initiatives. The importance of an inclusive approach – including end-users/consumers and vulnerable/oppressed groups – is acknowledged in several Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)s. Nevertheless, CE literature and Circular Design (CD) initiatives are still incipient when it comes to addressing important aspects of Participatory Design (PD), especially in Spatial Design Practices. There is no current overview on how PD methods, tools and techniques are being applied, nor are there clear indicators that can measure people’s empowerment and participation under a CE agenda. Methods: A systematic literature review is carried out to: (a) understand how PD principles are being applied in CD/CE; and (b) appraise and synthetize existing research evidence around the use of criteria and indicators involving PD and CE endeavours, with a specific look on their unfolding on Spatial Design practices. Results: 40 out of 426 final peer-reviewed journal papers in English were selected and analysed. 8 reviews and 32 original papers evidenced a clear interest on different stakeholders’ collaboration in circular supply chains and their impact on circular business models, especially in end-of-life stages. Nevertheless, very little to no attention has been given to initial design stages and non-expert’s participation. 127 participation-related CE indicators were found. However, comprehensive indicators and methods for their application targeting end-users and communities needs further exploration. PD contribution to overall sustainability is not yet disclosed. Conclusions: There is substantial increase of PD and CE literature on recent years, yet, in a separate manner. Connection between the two concepts is spare, especially in spatial design practices. Empowerment, a core component of participatory action research, is often disclosed in a superficial fashion. Inclusion of underprivileged groups and social equity in CE still needs further discussion.
Temporary makerspaces: the transformative potential of temporary projects and productive activities in circular cities
Authors: Kawa G , Galle W , De Temmerman N 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Cities today face multifaceted challenges, encompassing resource-depleting construction practices, outdated building stocks, and a scarcity of affordable spaces. A significant concern arises from the proliferation of unused buildings, exemplified by the 6.5 million square meter of vacant space in the Brussels Capital Region alone. This phenomenon not only threatens urban vitality and security but also results in wasted resources and economic stagnation. However, this study illuminates a transformative potential within these challenges: the emergence of temporary projects in vacant industrial buildings, organized in anticipation of future projects, as dynamic urban instruments. The in-depth case study analysis of five modern-day temporary projects in Brussels illustrated the multifaceted nature of temporary use projects. All projects breathe new life into inert structures, become testing grounds for various projects and become local meeting places. Yet, their nature and specificities vary. As such, temporary projects can become hubs of social, cultural, creative, sports, and/or productive activities, resonating with principles of the circular economy. Particularly noteworthy is the rise of makerspaces within these temporary settings, identified in Brussel’s temporary project and insured by enlarging the research scope and including four additional temporary projects. Multiple makerspaces are recurring in the analyzed temporary projects, resulting in the identification of temporary makerspace’s types: material banks, shared workspaces, various ateliers, repair cafés, and logistics. These temporary makerspaces exemplify creativity, collaboration, and circular innovation. As such, they not only put forward the practice of making, but emphasize community building, exchange, and knowledge transfer. Thus, by harnessing the potential of temporary projects and makerspaces, cities can transform neglect to vitality, fostering sustainability, inclusivity, and resilience in the urban landscape.
Exploring the reuse of façade components in Belgium: emerging and shifting roles to deal with uncertainties
Authors: Van Vooren Ruben , Galle Waldo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In conventional façade renovation or demolition projects, the intrinsic value of the removed components is lost through processes of landfilling, incineration, downcycling or recycling. As an alternative, this paper explores Value Retention Options (ROs), i.e. to repair, reuse, refurbish, remanufacture or repurpose existing façade components, through the lens of the actors and their interactions (i.e. a value network) in the Belgian context. Combining workshops, an online survey and semi-structured interviews with pioneering actors, the perceived challenges, roles and opportunities within the value network are studied. The results show a wide thematic range of perceived challenges, highlighting technical restrictions, technical knowledge-gaps, technical uncertainties, procedural uncertainties, financial uncertainties, and high costs. To answer some of the challenges, several of these existing roles are shifting, while also new roles are emerging within the already extensive network. These include technical advisers on ROs, circularity advisors (incl. material scouts and reuse coordinators), and dealers of reclaimed components (incl. material stockists and reclaimed component processors). Moreover, new partnerships are emerging on reverse supply chains. It can be concluded that Belgian façade renovation practices are slowly starting to change to deal with uncertainties on value retention options of existing façade components.
Exploring design thinking processes in circular economy strategies for PV waste management in Australia
Authors: Madrigal A N , Iyer-Raniga U , Yang R 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Energy from renewable sources such as photovoltaic (PV) panels is increasingly powering small and large-scale installations worldwide. However, the end-of-life (EoL) of PV panels is a challenge. If mismanaged, PV EoL represents a loss of valuable materials and a toxic hazard to the environment and human health. Global R&D towards PV EoL management is commonly focused on recycling. Nevertheless, other options to extend the PVs first lifecycle should be prioritised before it goes into the recycling stream. This paper presents results of research that explores the possibilities for a circular PV EoL management in the Australian context using circular economy strategies such as the ReSOLVE framework and the 10 Rs for circularity. Engaging with key stakeholders, this paper demonstrates that solutions commence from analysing social behaviours of PV manufacture, installation, and decommissioning phases. Additionally, innovations in the built environment such as smart housing standards can impact the efficient use of PVs. The findings from desktop research, interviews with 20 stakeholders from the PV and associated industry in Australia and the validation of the results show that solutions guided by a regulatory framework that have clear second life markets for reuse of PVs and recovered materials (such as manufacturing construction materials with recycled PV glass), having standards and re-certifications in place are urgently needed.
From soon-to-be demolished mushroom column slabs to reused reinforced concrete saw-cut assemblies: the case of the rebuiLT pavilion
Authors: Küpfer Célia , Bastien-Masse Malena , Grangeot Maxence , Meier Christian , Graulich Lancelot , Pathé Julien , Fivet Corentin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The piecewise reuse of soon-to-be-demolished cast-in-place reinforced concrete (RC) structures in new structural projects poses new design challenges. Unlike the disassembly of prefabricated structures guided by existing connections, deconstructing monolithic cast-in-place RC building structures requires original saw-cutting-scheme design, balancing technical constraints and geometrical requirements. While prior research mainly focused on flat rectangular element reuse, this study explores the cutting and reuse of saw-cut assemblies composed of both vertical and horizontal structural elements. Reusing monolithic assemblies made of mushroom column slabs, the rebuiLT pavilion is used as a case study to analyze the influence of the donor structure on the receiver project. The design and construction analysis of the rebuiLT pavilion provides insights into the challenges as well as the benefits of repurposing three-dimensional structural components.
The influence of biogenic carbon assessment assumptions on biogenic global warming results – case study of an innovative mycelium-based composite block
Authors: Maierhofer D , Alaux N , Vašatko H , Saade M , Stavric M , Passer A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Biobased building materials play a crucial role in reducing the embodied Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions of buildings. When quantifying the GHG emissions of biobased materials, the methodological choices made when modelling biogenic carbon in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) influence the results. To showcase these implications, we applied three different Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) assumptions to the case study of an innovative 10x10x10-cm mycelium composite block: ‘dynamic growth before harvest’, ‘static flux in the year of harvest’ and ‘dynamic regrowth after harvest’. For the Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA), we applied static and dynamic Characterisation Factors (CFs) to all three assumptions. We present the results over a timeline extending from -120 to +120 years from harvest. When applying static CFs, we observed a biogenic Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 0 kg CO2-eq for all three LCI assumptions. When applying the dynamic CFs, the LCI assumption of ‘dynamic growth before harvest’ and ‘static flux in the year of harvest’ resulted in a negative biogenic GWP, while applying the LCI assumption of ‘dynamic regrowth after harvest’ yielded a positive biogenic GWP. We show that the observed results depend heavily on the given assumptions. While no agreement was found regarding the appropriateness of the different biogenic carbon accounting methods, we transparently show the effects of applying these approaches on the final results obtained for the biogenic GWP over our assessed timeline.
Life cycle assessment of pavement construction: A case study
Authors: Koh D , Tokbolat S , Blaauw S A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Road construction is often associated with carbon emissions from direct and indirect sources, primarily due to construction and maintenance activities. Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) benchmarks to evaluate flexible composite pavement, fully flexible pavement and pavement rehabilitation options under various ground conditions. The objective of this study is to investigate the environmental impact associated with different pavement designs over a 60-year analysis period, comprising a 40-year basic design period with maintenance extended up to 60 years. This research paper encompasses a literature review on pavement LCA and conducts and LCA on various pavement design and construction options, following the ISO 14040 framework and PAS 2080 methodology. The LCA in this study specifically focuses on material production, transportation, construction, maintenance, and end-of-life phases. Using global warming potential as an environmental indicator, the study calculates and compares a range of potential impacts for each component. In terms of carbon emissions, the rehabilitation option was found to be most favourable when compared to other full-depth reconstruction options, while the flexible composite pavement option exhibited the highest carbon emission value compared to other pavement build-ups assessed. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify ‘hotspots’ in the study, which increase the confidence level of the results.
Evaluating novel building products through a building design-oriented LCA approach: Example of VIPs in terrace applications
Authors: Božiček D. , Košir M. , Zach J. , Novák V. , Peterková J. , Bubeník J. , Lešek A. , Jordan S. , Malovrh Rebec K. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The construction industry is considered conservative in adopting new products/technologies, and environmental characteristics are one of the most important features of novel solutions. In this context, our study aims to present a building design-oriented assessment of a novel building product by extending the functional unit scope and involving multiple realistic building design scenarios. The task will be performed using the example of vacuum insulation panels (VIPs), a superinsulation product that can be used in various building applications. The study will focus on terrace insulation applications, where VIPs are an attractive solution for building designers due to the possibility of barrier-free floor design. However, they lack environmental evaluation. METHOD: A life cycle assessment (LCA) analysis is performed on two hypothetical buildings located in Ljubljana (Slovenia) for the cradle-to-gate and operational energy life cycle stages (A1-A3 + B6 according to EN 15978). A whole-year dynamic thermal response simulation was executed using the Design Builder software. Five barrier-free terrace design scenarios that influence the embodied and operational carbon footprint (while maintaining the functional and architectural integrity of the building design) were examined. RESULTS: The study showed that although EPS insulation showed a smaller embodied carbon footprint on the product level, the building level analysis showed that using VIPs in terrace applications leads to favourable or comparable environmental impact. CONCLUSIONS: Building products can be evaluated on three functional unit levels: product, application and building. By extending the boundaries from the product/application level to the entire building level, the study provides an example of a building design-oriented approach to LCA. The complexity increases by upgrading the functional unit scope to the building level, while the results become more case-specific and less general. Ideally, a novel building product should show environmental superiority on all three levels. However, as there are almost countless design possibilities in buildings, environmental superiority (or inferiority) on the product level does not necessarily indicate superiority (or inferiority) on the building level.
Evaluating environmental impacts of concrete in Lima: Bridging the gap between quantitative LCA results and local contexts
Authors: Rondinel-Oviedo Daniel R. , Keena Naomi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Concrete production significantly contributes to environmental impacts in the built environment, especially in rapidly developing urban areas like Lima, Peru, where concrete is a predominant building material, accounting for over 80% of the weight in typical housing structures and significantly influencing environmental impacts. While traditional studies have concentrated on the environmental repercussions of cement production (10-20% of the concrete mix), a major contributor to carbon emissions, this study also focuses on the often-overlooked other impacts of concrete production. These impacts are often felt on a more local scale. They are associated with the other non-cement constituents of concrete, namely water, aggregates, and sand, representing about 80% of the mix mass. While the carbon impacts of non-cementitious materials may appear relatively low compared to cement, their significance becomes evident when viewed within the local context and their potentially correlated qualitative effects throughout the entire life cycle. In this sense, this paper does not only look at climate change impacts of cement production but also eight other critical environmental indicators, including particulate matter, land use, water use, and resource consumption, which are quantitively evaluated using a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Hence, this paper employs a quantitative approach to analyze the life cycle impacts of concrete use in Lima. The results offer valuable insights into the environmental impacts within the concrete supply chain in Lima, corroborating existing literature and affirming the robustness of the LCA methodology. Moreover, the results underline the pivotal role played by non-cementitious components like water, sand, and gravel in shaping the overall environmental footprint of concrete. However, the study primarily underscores the necessity of integrating alternative evaluation methods to comprehensively understand impacts, particularly for identifying overall local impacts. Consequently, a key contribution of this paper is highlighting the gaps in focusing solely on LCA to understand the sustainability of concrete production. It emphasizes how the results of an LCA may assist in identifying such gaps and pose questions for considering a more holistic understanding of the social and local impacts of concrete production. This approach aims to uncover entropic impacts across the production spectrum, paving the way for future research in unexplored areas of concrete production’s environmental and social implications.
A Systems Perspective on the Interactions Between Urban Green Infrastructure and the Built Environment
Authors: Reitberger R , Pattnaik N , Parhizgar L , Trost C , Yazdi H , Rahman M A , Pauleit S , Roetzer T , Pretzsch H , Traidl-Hoffmann C , Ludwig F , Reischl A , Plaza Garcia M P , Lang W 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This research addresses the intricate dynamics between urban green infrastructure (UGI) and the built environment, focusing on the effects of urban heat islands, building energy demand, and human health. Following the idea of the Socio-Ecological-Technological Systems framework, we investigate key indicators related to green and grey infrastructure and their interactions at the urban scale. We construct a comprehensive causal-loop diagram through an iterative approach involving literature analysis and expert consultation. The outcomes highlight the significance of urban form and green infrastructure in connecting indoor and outdoor spaces. This research enhances the understanding of systemic behavior in the urban fabric and offers insights into the complex interactions between UGI and the built environment. The approach underscores the value of iterative modeling, fostering collaborative efforts and providing a foundation for further system modeling. Future research should focus on quantitative validation of the identified connections. Additionally, connection strengths and spatial elements would be valuable extensions of the presented system model.