bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative multiomics analyses reveal the breed effect on the colonic host–microbe interactions in pig
Authors: Huang Liang , Luo Shiqi , Liu Shuqi , Jin Mingliang , Wang Yizhen , Zong Xin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDysregulation of the gut microbiota often leads to immune‐related disorders, indigestion, or diarrhea. Here, Jiaxing Black (JXB) pig, a local Chinese pig breed known for its great tolerance and digestibility of nutrients, was employed for a metagenomic and transcriptomic integrative analysis to reveal the gut microbiota‐genes and gut microbiota‐pathway interactions. A total of 452 differentially expressed genes, and 174 phyla were found between the JXB and the Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire (DLY) pigs. Detailed analysis revealed that the differences in colon gene expression signatures between the JXB and DLY are mainly enriched in metabolic and inflammatory responses, with Lactobacillus and Lachnospiraceae enriched in DLY and JXB, respectively. Notably, Pacebacteria, Streptophyta, and Aerophobetes were found to participate in the PI3K‐Akt mediated immune response in both pig breeds; however, they only accelerated the metabolism in the intestines of JXB pigs. Moreover, the host could regulate microbe metabolism and immune response by Ig‐like domain‐containing protein and ITIH2, PAEP, and TDRD9, respectively. Taken together, our results revealed both common and breed‐specific regulations of host genes by gut microbiota in two pig breeds.
A replication of extended implementation and social interaction during the Step it UP! Game for adults with disabilities
Authors: Seward Rebecca , Redner Ryan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe purpose of the present experiments was to systematically replicate Step it UP! Game interventions with adults with disabilities. Participants were divided into two competing teams, and the team with the highest step count participated in a prize drawing. Experiment 1 (N = 9) evaluated the efficacy of an extended version of the Step it UP! Game that included additional and longer sessions. Experiment 2 (N = 8) evaluated the addition of contingent experimenter attention during the Step it UP! Game. Baseline, Step it UP! Game, and Step it UP! Game plus interaction sessions were evaluated in a multielement design. The Step it UP! Game was effective with additional and longer sessions, and all participants took more steps during Step it UP! Game sessions. Adding experimenter interaction to the Step it UP! Game did not increase the efficacy of the intervention.
Glycogen synthase kinase‐3β: A multifaceted player in ischemia‐reperfusion injury and its therapeutic prospects
Authors: Li Jiayan , Zhang Yan , Tang Ran , Liu Hui , Li Xiayun , Lei Wangrui , Chen Junmin , Jin Zhenxiao , Tang Jiayou , Wang Zheng , Yang Yang , Wu Xiaopeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIschemia‐reperfusion injury (IRI) results in irreversible metabolic dysfunction and structural damage to tissues or organs, posing a formidable challenge in the field of organ implantation, cardiothoracic surgery, and general surgery. Glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β) a multifunctional serine/threonine kinase, is involved in a variety of biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and immune response. Phosphorylation of its tyrosine 216 and serine 9 sites positively and negatively regulates the activation and inactivation of the enzyme. Significantly, inhibition or inactivation of GSK‐3β provides protection against IRI, making it a viable target for drug development. Though numerous GSK‐3β inhibitors have been identified to date, the development of therapeutic treatments remains a considerable distance away. In light of this, this review summarizes the complicated network of GSK‐3β roles in IRI. First, we provide an overview of GSK‐3β's basic background. Subsequently, we briefly review the pathological mechanisms of GSK‐3β in accelerating IRI, and highlight the latest progress of GSK‐3β in multiorgan IRI, encompassing heart, brain, kidney, liver, and intestine. Finally, we discuss the current development of GSK‐3β inhibitors in various organ IRI, offering a thorough and insightful reference for GSK‐3β as a potential target for future IRI therapy.
The power of junior faculty mentoring committees
Authors: Murray Debra D. , Williams Clintoria R. , Gaddy Jennifer A. , Rogers Crystal D. , Kirabo Annet , Santisteban Monica M. , Wanjalla Celestine N. , Williams Edith M. , Sweetwyne Mariya T. , Damo Steven M. , Murray Sandra A. , Stokes Donna , Hinton Antentor 
Published: July 2024

AbstractJunior faculty mentoring committees have important roles in ensuring that faculty thrive and adjust to their new positions and institutions. Here, we describe the purpose, structure, and benefits of junior faculty mentoring committees, which can be a powerful tool for early‐career academic investigators in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medical (STEMM) fields. There is a paucity of information about what mentoring committees are, how to use them effectively, what areas they should evaluate, and how they can most successfully help junior faculty progress in their careers. This work offers guidance for both junior faculty mentees and mentoring committee members on how to best structure and utilize mentoring committees to promote junior faculty success. A better understanding of the intricacies of the mentoring committee will allow junior faculty members to self‐advocate and will equip committee mentors with tools to ensure that junior faculty are successful in thriving in academia.
Adsorption of bimetal from aqueous solution on plum seed activated carbon synthesized by pyrocarbonic acid microwave method
Authors: Salman Sami D , Rashid Israa M , Abdulwahab Yussur D 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis article presents the simultaneous adsorption of bimetal Cu2+ and Zn2+ from an aqueous solution using activated carbon synthesized from a plum seed precursor by sulfuric acid and microwave activation: plum seeds chemically activated by 45% (w/w) sulfuric acid with 2:1 ratio for 4 h, then carbonized for 2 h at 700 °C and the product obtained activated in a microwave oven for 20 min at 700 W for final of activation. Plum seeds and activated carbon produced were characterized in terms of their physical and chemical composition using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller measurements, field emission scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effects of absorption time, bimetal solution pH, bimetal concentration and dosage of activated carbon on the capacity of adsorption and removal efficiency were studied with Design‐Expert software using response surface methodology with the I‐optimal method for experimental data analysis.RESULTSThe results showed that the statistical analysis of Cu2+ and Zn2+ removal efficiency followed the quadratic models generated by Design‐Expert software with significant P value (P < 0.0001) and the optimum values of removal efficiencies were 99.9268% for Cu2+ and 99.34% for Zn2+ at an adsorption time of 4.98 h, pH of 7.94, bimetal concentration of 38.467 mg L−1 and adsorbent dose of 1485.294 mg (100 mL)−1. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and there was a significant agreement in the results with the Freundlich model with R2 = 0.9841 for Cu2+ and R2 = 0.9927 for Zn2+. Likewise, the data were found to fit with a pseudo‐second‐order model with R2 = 0.9989 for Cu2+ and R2 = 0.9948 for Zn2+ as compared to a pseudo‐first‐order model.CONCLUSIONActivated carbon synthesized from plum seeds with chemical and microwave activation could be effectively used as an adsorbent for bimetal Cu2+ and Zn2+ in aqueous solution. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Development and integration of a clinical dashboard within a dental school setting
Authors: Afshari Fatemeh S. , Yuan Judy Chia‐Chun , Sukotjo Cortino , Rowan Susan A. , Spector Michael L. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeTo describe the development and integration of an electronic health record‐driven, student dashboard that displays real‐time data relative to the students’ patient management and clinic experiences at the University of Illinois Chicago, College of Dentistry.Materials and methodsFollowing development and implementation of the student dashboard, various objective metrics were evaluated to identify any improvements in the clinical patient management. A cross‐sectional retrospective chart review was completed of the electronic health record (axiUm, Exan, Coquitlam, BC, Canada) from January 2019 to April 2022 evaluating four performance metrics: student lockouts, note/code violations, overdue active patients, and overdue recall patients. Descriptive statistics were analyzed. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was applied to assess the normal distribution of data. Data were analyzed by the Kruskal–Wallis tests for potential differences between pre‐dashboard and post‐dashboard implementation years with the mean overdue active/recall patient to student ratio variables. Mann–Whitney U‐tests for between‐groups comparisons with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons were performed (α = 0.05). Descriptive statistics were performed to analyze the student utilization frequency of the dashboard.ResultsPost‐implementation analysis indicated a slight decrease in the number of lockouts and note/code violation; and a statistically significant decrease in overdue active patients post‐dashboard (P < 0.001). On average, students accessed their dashboards 3.3 times a week.ConclusionsImplementation of a student dashboard through the electronic health record platform within an academic dental practice has the potential to assist students with patient management and is utilized regularly by the students.
Mechanical property estimation of sarcoma‐relevant extracellular vesicles using transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Singh Premanshu Kumar , Sarchet Patricia , Hord Catherine , Casadei Lucia , Pollock Raphael , Prakash Shaurya 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAnalysis of single extracellular vesicles (EVs) has the potential to yield valuable label‐free information on their morphological structure, biomarkers and therapeutic targets, though such analysis is hindered by the lack of reliable and quantitative measurements of the mechanical properties of these compliant nanoscale particles. The technical challenge in mechanical property measurements arises from the existing tools and methods that offer limited throughput, and the reported elastic moduli range over several orders of magnitude. Here, we report on a flow‐based method complemented by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging to provide a high throughput, whole EV deformation analysis for estimating the mechanical properties of liposarcoma‐derived EVs as a function of their size. Our study includes extracting morphological data of EVs from a large dataset of 432 TEM images, with images containing single to multiple EVs, and implementing the thin‐shell deformation theory. We estimated the elastic modulus, E = 0.16 ± 0.02 MPa (mean±SE) for small EVs (sEVs; 30–150 nm) and E = 0.17 ± 0.03 MPa (mean±SE) for large EVs (lEVs; >150 nm). To our knowledge, this is the first report on the mechanical property estimation of LPS‐derived EVs and has the potential to establish a relationship between EV size and EV mechanical properties.
Biocompatible hydroxyapatite‐based nano vehicle bypasses viral transduction and enables sustained silencing of a pluripotency marker gene, demonstrating desired differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells
Authors: Zantye Pranjita , Dahiya Asha , Kowshik Meenal , Ramanan Sutapa Roy , Talukdar Indrani 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundDifferentiation of pluripotent stem cells into desired lineages is the key aspect of regenerative medicine and cell‐based therapy. Although RNA interference (RNAi) technology is exploited extensively for this, methods for long term silencing of the target genes leading to differentiation remain a challenge. Sustained knockdown of the target gene by RNAi is often inefficient as a result of low delivery efficiencies, protocol induced toxicity and safety concerns related to viral vectors. Earlier, we established octa‐arginine functionalized hydroxyapatite nano vehicles (R8HNPs) for delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) against a pluripotency marker gene in mouse embryonic stem cells. Although we demonstrated excellent knockdown efficiency of the target gene, sustained gene silencing leading to differentiation was yet to be achieved.MethodsTo establish a sustained non‐viral gene silencing protocol using R8HNP, we investigated various methods of siRNA delivery: double delivery of adherent cells (Adh‐D), suspension delivery followed by adherent delivery (Susp + Adh), single delivery in suspension (Susp‐S) and multiple deliveries in suspension (Susp‐R). Sustained knockdown of a pluripotent marker gene followed by differentiation was analysed by reverse transcriptase‐PCR, fluoresence‐activated cell sorting and immunofluorescence techniques. Impact on cell viability as a result of repeated exposure of the R8HNP was also tested.ResultsAmongst the protocols tested, the most efficient knockdown of the target gene for a prolonged period of time was obtained by repeated suspension delivery of the R8HNP‐siRNA conjugate. The long‐term silencing of a pluripotency marker gene resulted in differentiation of R1 ESCs predominantly towards the extra embryonic and ectodermal lineages. Cells displayed excellent tolerance to repeated exposures of R8HNPs.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate that R8HNPs are promising, biocompatible, non‐viral alternatives for prolonged gene silencing and obtaining differentiated cells for therapeutics.
Gait asymmetry persists following unilateral and bilateral total ankle arthroplasty
Authors: Carpentier Stephanie H. , Barylak Martin , Arena Sara , Queen Robin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTotal ankle arthroplasty (TAA) improves gait symmetry in patients with unilateral end‐stage ankle arthritis but has not been studied in patients undergoing bilateral TAA (B‐TAA), and few studies compare TAA patients to control subjects. The purpose of this study was to compare gait symmetry in U‐TAA and B‐TAA patients and healthy controls. Using prospective databases, 19 unilateral and 19 bilateral ankle arthritis patients undergoing TAA were matched to 19 control subjects by age, sex, and BMI. The Normalized Symmetry Index (NSI) was determined for joint mechanics and ground reaction forces (GRF) during walking trials at a single visit for controls and preoperatively and 1 to 2 years postoperatively for TAA patients. Data was analyzed using linear mixed‐effects models to determine differences among time points and cohorts at a significance of α = 0.05. Following surgery, B‐TAA and U‐TAA experienced improved peak plantarflexion moment symmetry (p = 0.017) but remained less symmetric than controls. B‐TAA patients had more symmetry than U‐TAA patients during peak weight acceptance GRF (p = 0.002), while U‐TAA patients had greater peak dorsiflexion symmetry than B‐TAA patients. TAA patients demonstrated more asymmetry compared to control subjects for all outcome measures. There was no significant impact of TAA on gait symmetry for GRF or peak ankle angles, and neither U‐TAA nor B‐TAA was consistently associated with higher gait symmetry. These results indicate that TAA improves symmetry during peak plantarflexion moment, and that significant gait asymmetry persists for B‐TAA and U‐TAA patients compared to healthy participants.
A real‐life pediatric experience of Crohn's disease exclusion diet at disease onset and in refractory patients
Authors: Scarallo Luca , Banci Elena , De Blasi Alessia , Paci Monica , Renzo Sara , Naldini Sara , Barp Jacopo , Pochesci Saverio , Fioretti Lorenzo , Pasquini Benedetta , Cavalieri Duccio , Lionetti Paolo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to appraise the real‐life efficacy of Crohn's disease exclusion diet (CDED) coupled with partial enteral nutrition (PEN) in inducing clinical and biochemical remission at disease onset and in patients with loss of response to biologics and immunomodulators.MethodsWe retrospectively gathered data of patients aged less than 18 years of age with a diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD), who received CDED coupled with PEN at a tertiary level pediatric inflammatory bowel disease center.ResultsSixty‐six patients were identified. Forty (60.6%) started CDED plus PEN at disease onset and 26 (39.4%) received CDED with PEN as add‐on therapy. Forty‐six (69.7%) patients achieved clinical remission (weighted Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index < 12.5) at the end of phase 1, 44 (66.7%) normalized c‐reactive protein levels (<0.5 mg/dL) and 18 (27.2%) patients normalized calprotectin levels (<150 µg/g). Nine of 19 (47.3%) of patients with clinically severe disease (defined by Physician Global Assessment) achieved clinical remission at the end of phase I. Patients with extraintestinal manifestations had statistically lower clinical response rates to the dietary regimen (p = 0.018). Among patients who received CDED + PEN as add‐on treatment, a previous successful course of Exclusive Enteral Nutrition was associated with statistically higher clinical remission rates at Week 8 (p = 0.026). Clinical response at Week 4 was an independent predictor of clinical remission and fecal calprotectin normalization at Week 8 (p = 0.002).ConclusionCDED with PEN confirmed its efficacy in a real‐life setting, proving to be effective also in refractory patients and those with severe disease. Early clinical response predicts clinical remission at the end of phase 1.
Intraoperative indocyanine green angiography in preventing hypoparathyroidism after thyroid cancer surgery
Authors: Barreira Carlos Eduardo Santa Ritta , Miranda André Póvoa , Peixoto Thaísa Fabiana , Pinheiro Rodrigo Nascimento 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine whether the use of indocyanine green angiography to identify devascularized parathyroids during thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer would decrease the rates of postoperative hypoparathyroidism.MethodsRetrospective study of patients who had undergone total thyroidectomy for treatment of thyroid cancer between March 2021 and March 2023. The indocyanine group included patients with all four parathyroids identified and evaluated by indocyanine green angiography at the end of the procedure. Those with parathyroid glands classified with no vascularization had the glands autotransplanted. A group without indocyanine angiography was used to compare results.ResultsThe analysis included 100 patients in each group. Indocyanine angiography identified 14.75% of devascularized parathyroids at surgery. The number of parathyroids with a score of 2 (i.e., good vascularization) was not a safe predictor of normal parathyroid hormone levels after surgery. Indeed, 29.2% of the patients with three parathyroids with a score of 2 developed transient hypoparathyroidism. Permanent hypoparathyroidism occurred in 7% of the patients without indocyanine group and in none of the patients in the indocyanine group (p = 0.014).ConclusionIntraoperative angiography with indocyanine green could contribute to reduce the occurrence of permanent hypoparathyroidism in patients undergoing surgical treatment for thyroid cancer.
Effect of dimethyl fumarate in patients with plaque psoriasis meeting the upgrade criteria required for moderate‐to‐severe disease classification
Authors: Gerdes Sascha , Ghazal Philipp Al , Diemert Sebastian , Termeer Christian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundOral dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is indicated in patients with plaque psoriasis requiring systemic treatment, including those meeting the upgrade criteria for moderate‐to‐severe disease classification.ObjectivesTo evaluate quality of life (QoL), effectiveness, and tolerability of DMF during routine clinical practice in a patient population with plaque psoriasis meeting the upgrade criteria for moderate‐to‐severe disease.MethodsUPSKIL was a prospective, noninterventional observational study conducted in Germany from July 2019 to February 2022. Adult patients with Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and body surface area (BSA) values ≤ 10 meeting the upgrade criteria for moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis were included, if therapy with DMF was indicated. Overall and by upgrade criterion, effectiveness was evaluated by change in PASI, BSA, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Physician Global Assessment (PGA) and ItchyQoL from baseline to Weeks 24 and 52.ResultsIn total, 180 patients (mean age 43.4 years, 60.3% male) were included in the effectiveness analysis. At baseline, the majority of patients suffered from involvement of visible areas (86.1%), presence of single recalcitrant plaques (83.9%), pruritus leading to scratching (81.1%) and involvement of major parts of the scalp (71.1%). Using last observation carried forward (LOCF), the proportion of patients achieving PASI < 3 increased from 7.9% at baseline to 55.3% at Week 52, and the proportion of patients achieving DLQI ≤ 5 increased from 17.4% to 52.1%. Overall and stratified by upgrade criteria, mean PGA improvement was visible in all subgroups presenting with the respective upgrade criterion as indicated by the increasing proportion of patients achieving a PGA score of 0/1 (clear/almost clear). In total, 104 patients (51.2%) experienced at least one adverse drug reaction.ConclusionsOverall, treatment with DMF led to substantial improvement of all upgrade criteria, even when discontinued before Week 52. Safety results were consistent with the known safety profile of DMF.
The Impact of Vocal Tremor on Deglutition: A Pilot Study
Authors: Gartling Gary , Balou Matina , Amin Milan , Molfenter Sonja , Jones‐Rastelli Brynn , Ezeh Uche C. , Achlatis Stratos , Johnson Aaron , Gherson Shirley , Chiappetta Natalie , Barkmeier‐Kraemer Julie , Branski Ryan C. 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveVocal tremor (VT) poses treatment challenges due to uncertain pathophysiology. VT is typically classified into two phenotypes: isolated vocal tremor (iVT) and essential tremor‐related voice tremor (ETvt). The impact of phenotypes on upper aerodigestive tract physiology during swallowing remains unclear. Qualitative and quantitative measures were employed to characterize tremor phenotypes and investigate the effects on swallowing physiology.MethodsEleven ETvt participants (1 Male, 10 Female; x̄ age = 74) and 8 iVT participants (1 Male, 7 Female; x̄ age = 71) swallowed 20 mL boluses in cued and uncued conditions under standardized fluoroscopic visualization. Sustained/a/productions were captured to assess the rate and extent of fundamental frequency (F0) modulation. Penetration and Aspiration Scale (PAS) scores were obtained and swallowing biomechanics were captured using Swallowtail™ software. Participants also completed the Swallowing Quality of Life (SWAL‐QOL) questionnaire.ResultsHypopharyngeal transit was faster in both VT phenotypes compared with Swallowtail™ normative reference data. Total pharyngeal transit times, however, were only faster in patients with iVT, relative to reference data. No significant differences were observed on the SWAL‐QOL or PAS between tremor phenotypes. SWAL‐QOL scores revealed that these patients rarely reported dysphagia symptoms.ConclusionsSubtle differences in swallowing patterns were observed across VT phenotypes, possibly related to adaptive mechanisms resulting in quicker pharyngeal bolus transit. Most patients did not report swallowing issues or dysphagia symptoms. This study is foundational for larger studies on this challenging population.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:4599–4603, 2024