bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular and morphological data reveal hybrid origin of wild Prunus yedoensis (Rosaceae) from Jeju Island, Korea: Implications for the origin of the flowering cherry
Authors: Cho Myong‐Suk , Kim Chan‐Soo , Kim Seon‐Hee , Kim Ted Oh , Heo Kyoung‐In , Jun Jumin , Kim Seung‐Chul 
Published: October 2014

• Premise of the study: The subgenus Cerasus of the genus Prunus includes several popular ornamental flowering cherries. Of the hundreds of cultivars, P. ×yedoensis (‘Somei‐yoshino’) is the most popular and familiar cultivar in Korea and Japan and is considered to be of hybrid origin. However, the hybrid origin of P. ×yedoensis and its relationship to wild P. yedoensis, naturally occurring on Jeju Island, Korea, are highly controversial.• Methods: We extensively sampled wild P. yedoensis, cultivated P. ×yedoensis, and numerous individuals from other species belonging to subgenus Cerasus on Jeju Island. Samples from 71 accessions, representing 13 species and one cultivar (P. ×yedoensis), were sequenced for nrDNA ITS/ETS (952 characters) and seven noncoding cpDNA regions (5421 characters) and subjected to maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analysis. Additive polymorphisms in the ITS/ETS regions were confirmed by cloning amplicons from representative species.• Key results: The nuclear (ITS/ETS and G3pdh) and cpDNA data, along with several morphological characteristics, provide the first convincing evidence for the hybrid origin of wild P. yedoensis. The maternal parent was determined to be P. spachiana f. ascendens, while the paternal parent was unresolved from the taxonomically complex P. serrulata/P. sargentii clade. The presence of two kinds of ribotypes was confirmed by cloning, and the possible origin of cultivated P. ×yedoensis from wild populations on Jeju Island was also suggested.• Conclusions: Bidirectional and multiple hybridization events were responsible for the origin of wild P. yedoensis. Extensive gene flow was documented in this study, suggesting an important role of reticulate evolution in subgenus Cerasus.
Habitat Suitability Modeling for the Newell's Shearwater on Kauai
Authors: Troy Jeff R. , Holmes Nick D. , Veech Joseph A. , Raine André F. , Green M. Clay 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The Newell's shearwater, or ‘A’o Puffinus newelli, is endemic to the main islands of the Hawaiian Archipelago and is listed as endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List and as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Using abiotic and biotic environmental variables, we developed a terrestrial habitat suitability model for this species on Kauai to predict habitat that could be suitable in the absence of anthropogenic threats. In addition, we developed a habitat/threat-isolation index incorporating information from our suitability model to identify regions of structurally suitable habitat with less exposure to certain anthropogenic threats (relative to other portions of the island). The habitat suitability model suggests that slope, density of rock fragments within the soil, and native vegetation cover are important factors associated with the current known distribution of the Newell's shearwater on Kauai, and that a moderate portion of the sloped interior terrain of Kauai could potentially be suitable nesting habitat for this species. The habitat/threat-isolation index identified the mountains on the north-central portion of the island as structurally suitable habitat most isolated from a combination of major anthropogenic disturbances (relative to other portions of the island). Much of this region, however, is privately owned and not designated as an official reserve, which could indicate a need for increased conservation action in this region in the future. This information is important for conservation biologists and private landowners because expanding efforts to control nonnative predators, as well as management of additional lands as reserves, may be necessary for the protection and preservation of the Newell's shearwater.
A Parametric Study of Interplanetary Mission Using Solar Sail
Authors: Djojodihardjo Harijono , Yousefian Ali 
Published: October 2014

Solar sailing has been an attractive concept and possibly an alternative mean of space propulsion for decades to come since solar sail spacecrafts can generate thrust without requiring any propellant. While the resulting acceleration is small, the continuous thrust would lead to high speed. The present work serves to demonstrate the potential of solar sail by analyzing the dynamics of a spacecraft utilizing solar sail and by carrying out a parametric study for an interplanetary mission exemplified by specific trajectory to Mars.
Understanding Deleuze, Understanding Modernism
Authors: Ardoin Paul , Ardoin Paul , Gontarski S. E. , Mattison Laci , Gontarski S. E. , Mattison Laci 
Published: October 2014

Understanding Deleuze, Understanding Modernism explores the multi-faceted and formative impact of Gilles Deleuze on the development and our understanding of modernist thought in its philosophical, literary, and more broadly cultural manifestations.
Gilles Deleuze himself rethought philosophical history with a series of books and essays on individual philosophers such as Kant, Spinoza, Leibniz, Nietzsche, and Bergson and authors such as Proust, Kafka, Beckett and Woolf, on the one hand, and Bacon, Messiaen, and Pollock, among others, in other arts. This volume acknowledges Deleuze's profound impact on a century of art and thought and the origin of that impact in his own understanding of modernism.
Understanding Deleuze, Understanding Modernism begins by “conceptualizing” Deleuze by offering close readings of some of his most important works. The contributors offer new readings that illuminate the context of Deleuze's work, either by reading one of Deleuze's texts against or in the context of his entire body of work or by challenging Deleuze's readings of other philosophers. A central section on Deleuze and his aesthetics maps the relationships between Deleuze's thought and modernist literature. The volume's final section features an extended glossary of Deleuze's key terms, with each definition having its own expert contributor.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Treatment for H1N1-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): Results of the Croatian Referral Center for Respiratory ECMO
Authors: Kutleša Marko , Novokmet Anđa , Mraović Renata Josipović , Filar Boris , Mardešić Petar , Baršić Bruno 
Published: October 2014

Introduction Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been effective in the treatment of H1N1-induced ARDS across the globe. However, the evidence supporting the use of ECMO in ARDS is still being collected. The intention of this study was to add a piece of puzzle to the growing body of evidence on the use of ECMO in ARDS patients. Methods The study included adult patients with H1N1-induced ARDS treated with ECMO at the University Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Zagreb, Croatia between October 2009 and December 2013. Results 17 patients with H1N1-induced ARDS treated with ECMO were included in the study. The patient cohort of the study was young with a median age of 43 years (range 23–74). The hospital mortality was 35%. Possible variables associated with mortality were analyzed and only hemolysis was found to be significant. Conclusions Our results confirm the usefulness of ECMO treatment in patients with H1N1-induced ARDS.
The Science of Folklore: Aurelio Espinosa on Spain and the American Southwest
Authors: Limón Renata 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Aurelio Espinosa (1880-1958) studied folklore in the American Southwest and Spain. Espinosa was one of the first academic folklorists to work with American materials and the first scholar to write about Mexican American culture. This paper is an attempt to re-insert this forgotten figure into the history of folklore studies. At the same time, drawing on new archival sources, this study will show that Espinosa’s active support of Franco in Spain contributed to his theory of cultural transmission in the American Southwest.
Heat and mass transport during a groundwater replenishment trial in a highly heterogeneous aquifer
Authors: Seibert Simone , Prommer Henning , Siade Adam , Harris Brett , Trefry Mike , Martin Michael 
Published: October 2014

AbstractChanges in subsurface temperature distribution resulting from the injection of fluids into aquifers may impact physiochemical and microbial processes as well as basin resource management strategies. We have completed a 2 year field trial in a hydrogeologically and geochemically heterogeneous aquifer below Perth, Western Australia in which highly treated wastewater was injected for large‐scale groundwater replenishment. During the trial, chloride and temperature data were collected from conventional monitoring wells and by time‐lapse temperature logging. We used a joint inversion of these solute tracer and temperature data to parameterize a numerical flow and multispecies transport model and to analyze the solute and heat propagation characteristics that prevailed during the trial. The simulation results illustrate that while solute transport is largely confined to the most permeable lithological units, heat transport was also affected by heat exchange with lithological units that have a much lower hydraulic conductivity. Heat transfer by heat conduction was found to significantly influence the complex temporal and spatial temperature distribution, especially with growing radial distance and in aquifer sequences with a heterogeneous hydraulic conductivity distribution. We attempted to estimate spatially varying thermal transport parameters during the data inversion to illustrate the anticipated correlations of these parameters with lithological heterogeneities, but estimates could not be uniquely determined on the basis of the collected data.
Cloud feedbacks on greenhouse warming in the superparameterized climate model SP‐CCSM4
Authors: Bretherton Christopher S. , Blossey Peter N. , Stan Cristiana 
Published: October 2014

AbstractCloud feedbacks on greenhouse warming are studied in a superparameterized version of the Community Climate System Model (SP‐CCSM4) in an atmospheric component SP‐CAM4 that explicitly simulates cumulus convection. A 150 year simulation in an abrupt quadrupling of CO2 is branched from a control run. It develops moderate positive global cloud feedback and an implied climate sensitivity of 2.8 K comparable to the conventionally parameterized CCSM4 and the median of other modern climate models. All of SP‐CCSM4's positive shortwave cloud feedback is due to a striking decrease in low cloud over land, which is much more pronounced than in most other climate models, including CCSM4. Four other cloud responses – decreased midlevel cloud, more Arctic water and ice cloud, a slight poleward shift of midlatitude storm track cloud, and an upward shift of high clouds – are also typical of conventional global climate models. SP‐CCSM4 does not simulate the large warming‐induced decrease in Southern Ocean cloud found in CCSM4. Two companion uncoupled SP‐CAM4 simulations, one with a uniform 4 K sea‐surface temperature increase and one with quadrupled CO2 but fixed SST, suggest that SP‐CCSM4's global‐scale cloud changes are primarily mediated by the warming, rather than by rapid adjustments to increased CO2. SP‐CAM4 show spatial patterns of cloud response qualitatively similar to the previous‐generation superparameterized SP‐CAM3, but with systematically more positive low cloud feedbacks over low‐latitude land and ocean.
Brain organization of gorillas reflects species differences in ecology
Authors: Barks Sarah K. , Calhoun Michael E. , Hopkins William D. , Cranfield Michael R. , Mudakikwa Antoine , Stoinski Tara S. , Patterson Francine G. , Erwin Joseph M. , Hecht Erin E. , Hof Patrick R. , Sherwood Chet C. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTGorillas include separate eastern (Gorilla beringei) and western (Gorilla gorilla) African species that diverged from each other approximately 2 million years ago. Although anatomical, genetic, behavioral, and socioecological differences have been noted among gorilla populations, little is known about variation in their brain structure. This study examines neuroanatomical variation between gorilla species using structural neuroimaging. Postmortem magnetic resonance images were obtained of brains from 18 captive western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla), 15 wild mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei), and 3 Grauer's gorillas (Gorilla beringei graueri) (both wild and captive). Stereologic methods were used to measure volumes of brain structures, including left and right frontal lobe gray and white matter, temporal lobe gray and white matter, parietal and occipital lobes gray and white matter, insular gray matter, hippocampus, striatum, thalamus, each hemisphere and the vermis of the cerebellum, and the external and extreme capsules together with the claustrum. Among the species differences, the volumes of the hippocampus and cerebellum were significantly larger in G. gorilla than G. beringei. These anatomical differences may relate to divergent ecological adaptations of the two species. Specifically, G. gorilla engages in more arboreal locomotion and thus may rely more on cerebellar circuits. In addition, they tend to eat more fruit and have larger home ranges and consequently might depend more on spatial mapping functions of the hippocampus. Am J Phys Anthropol 156:252–262, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Palladium‐katalysierte Anti‐Markownikoff‐Oxidation endständiger Alkene
Authors: Dong Jia Jia , Browne Wesley R. , Feringa Ben L. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractDie Palladium‐katalysierte Oxidation von Alkenen, die Wacker‐Tsuji‐Reaktion, ist zweifellos ein Klassiker der organischen Synthese und bietet unter milden Bedingungen einen zuverlässigen Zugang zu Methylketonen aus endständigen Alkenen. Methoden, die die Selektivität der Reaktion umkehren und zum Aldehyd führen, sind wünschenwert, da sie Zugang zu einer wertvollen funktionellen Gruppe bieten, sind aber auch schwer zu verwirklichen. In diesem Kurzaufsatz geben wir einen Überblick über die beiden Methoden, die vor kurzem entwickelt wurden, um eine solche Selektivität zu erreichen. Außerdem diskutieren wir Gemeinsamkeiten und mechanistische Details, die im Hinblick auf das Ziel, eine allgemeine Methode für die Anti‐Markownikoff‐selektive Olefinoxidation zu entwickeln, vielversprechend sind.
Palladium‐Catalyzed anti‐Markovnikov Oxidation of Terminal Alkenes
Authors: Dong Jia Jia , Browne Wesley R. , Feringa Ben L. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe palladium‐catalyzed oxidation of alkenes, the Wacker–Tsuji reaction, is undoubtedly a classic in organic synthesis and provides reliable access to methyl ketones from terminal alkenes under mild reaction conditions. Methods that switch the selectivity of the reaction to provide the aldehyde product are desirable because of the access they provide to a valuable functional group, however such methods are elusive. Herein we survey both the methods which have been developed recently in achieving such selectivity and discuss common features and mechanistic insight which offers promise in achieving the goal of a general method for anti‐Markovnikov‐selective olefin oxidations.
Transfer of Aryl Halide to Alkyl Halide: Reductive Elimination of Alkylhalide from Alkylpalladium Halides Containing syn‐β‐Hydrogen Atoms
Authors: Hao Wei , Wei Junnian , Geng Weizhi , Zhang Wen‐Xiong , Xi Zhenfeng 
Published: November 2014

Abstractβ‐Hydride abstraction is a well‐accepted elementary step for catalytic cycles in organometallic chemistry. It is usually anticipated that alkylpalladium halides containing syn‐β‐hydrogen atoms will undergo β‐hydride abstraction to afford the Heck‐type products. However, this study discloses that the above general knowledge is only conditionally correct. Our experimental results demonstrate that the reductive elimination of alkylhalides from alkylpalladium halides containing syn‐β‐hydrogen atoms may surpass the β‐hydride abstraction or even become exclusive in certain cases.
Controlled Formation of Polymer Nanocapsules with High Diffusion‐Barrier Properties and Prediction of Encapsulation Efficiency
Authors: Hofmeister Ines , Landfester Katharina , Taden Andreas 
Published: October 2014

AbstractPolymer nanocapsules with high diffusion‐barrier performance were designed following simple thermodynamic considerations. Hindered diffusion of the enclosed material leads to high encapsulation efficiencies (EEs), which was demonstrated based on the encapsulation of highly volatile compounds of different chemical natures. Low interactions between core and shell materials are key factors to achieve phase separation and a high diffusion barrier of the resulting polymeric shell. These interactions can be characterized and quantified using the Hansen solubility parameters. A systematic study of our copolymer system revealed a linear relationship between the Hansen parameter for hydrogen bonding (δh) and encapsulation efficiencies which enables the prediction of encapsulated amounts for any material. Furthermore EEs of poorly encapsulated materials can be increased by mixing them with a mediator compound to give lower overall δh values.
Nitrimines as Reagents for Metal‐Free Formal C(sp2)–C(sp2) Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Angeles‐Dunham Veronica V. , Nickerson David M. , Ray Devin M. , Mattson Anita E. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractNitrimines are employed as powerful reagents for metal‐free formal C(sp2)–C(sp2) cross‐coupling reactions. The new chemical process is tolerant of a wide array of nitrimine and heterocyclic coupling partners giving rise to the corresponding di‐ or trisubstituted alkenes, typically in high yield and with high stereoselectivity. This method is ideal for the metal‐free construction of heterocycle‐containing drug targets, such as phenprocoumon.
The Mechanisms of Rectification in Au|Molecule|Au Devices Based on Langmuir–Blodgett Monolayers of Iron(III) and Copper(II) Surfactants
Authors: Wickramasinghe Lanka D. , Mazumder Shivnath , Gonawala Sunalee , Perera Meeghage Madusanka , Baydoun Habib , Thapa Bishnu , Li Li , Xie Lingxiao , Mao Guangzhao , Zhou Zhixian , Schlegel H. Bernhard , Verani Cláudio N. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractLangmuir–Blodgett films of metallosurfactants were used in Au|molecule|Au devices to investigate the mechanisms of current rectification.
Preparation of a new polymer‐dispersed liquid crystal film by using phthalocyanine‐functional photocurable copolymer
Authors: Mert Humeyra , Dinçer Hatice , Çalışkan Emel , Şen Betül Nur , Gürsel Yeşim Hepuzer 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTA new, asymmetrical zinc phthalocyanine (aZnPc)‐functional photocurable copolymer was prepared by the combination of atom transfer radical polymerization and copper (I)‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cyclo‐addition (CuAAC) click reaction and used as polymer matrix of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film. For this purpose, aZnPc was prepared through statistical condensation of 4‐tert‐butylphthalonitrile and 4‐pent‐4‐ynyloxyphthalonitrile. Double CuAAC click reaction between azido‐functional poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐2‐(2‐bromoisobutyryloxy)‐ethyl methacrylate), terminal alkynyl‐substituted aZnPc, and 4‐ethynyl‐N,N‐dimethyl aniline yielded photocurable aZnPc‐functional copolymer. Thereby, synthesized copolymer was crosslinked in the presence of liquid crystalline mesogen 4′‐(octyloxy)‐4‐biphenylcarbonitrile by ultraviolet irradiation using benzophenone as initiator and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as difunctional crosslinker. Thermal and optical properties of PDLC film were investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy. Smectic A liquid crystal mesophases were observed in both PDLC film and its mesogenic component 4′‐(octyloxy)‐4‐biphenylcarbonitrile. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41574.
Electrospun dendritic ZnO nanofibers and its photocatalysis application
Authors: Li Jianing , Cheng Zhiqiang , Liu Mengzhu , Zhang Mingyue , Hu Meijuan , Zhang Li , Jiang Haifeng , Li Junfeng 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTA simple and efficient procedure has been developed to fabricate ZnO nanofibers with dendritic structure via electrospinning and subsequent calcination. The spinning solution is prepared by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and zinc acetate into methanol. From SEM images, it can be observed that the ZnO product has a tendency of dendritic structure. The diameter of the dendritic branch is ∼137 nm. The structure and physicochemical property of the prepared nanofibers are elucidated by TGA, SEM, XRD, FTIR, and PL, respectively. The photoluminescene measurement of the ZnO samples exhibit a broad visible emission band concentrate on around 430–580 nm. Meanwhile, the intensity is related to the content of surface oxygen vacancies, which probably influence photocatalytic activity of ZnO samples. Whereafter, the photocatalytical activity of the ZnO nanofibers is evaluated by quantifying the degradation of methyl blue. The result indicates that ZnO nanofibers annealed at 650°C show an excellent photocatalytic activity. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41627.