bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement invariance of DSM‐IV alcohol, marijuana and cocaine dependence between community‐sampled and clinically overselected studies
Authors: Derringer Jaime , Krueger Robert F. , Dick Danielle M. , Agrawal Arpana , Bucholz Kathleen K. , Foroud Tatiana , Grucza Richard A. , Hesselbrock Michie N. , Hesselbrock Victor , Kramer John , Nurnberger John I. , Schuckit Marc , Bierut Laura J. , Iacono William G. , McGue Matt 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAimsTo examine whether DSM‐IV symptoms of substance dependence are psychometrically equivalent between existing community‐sampled and clinically overselected studies.ParticipantsA total of 2476 adult twins born in Minnesota and 4121 unrelated adult participants from a case–control study of alcohol dependence.MeasurementsLife‐time DSM‐IV alcohol, marijuana and cocaine dependence symptoms and ever use of each substance.DesignWe fitted a hierarchical model to the data, in which ever use and dependence symptoms for each substance were indicators of alcohol, marijuana or cocaine dependence which were, in turn, indicators of a multi‐substance dependence factor. We then tested the model for measurement invariance across participant groups, defined by study source and participant sex.FindingsThe hierarchical model fitted well among males and females within each sample [comparative fit index (CFI) > 0.96, Tucker–Lewis index (TLI) > 0.95 and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) < 0.04 for all], and a multi‐group model demonstrated that model parameters were equivalent across sample‐ and sex‐defined groups (ΔCFI = 0.002 between constrained and unconstrained models). Differences between groups in symptom endorsement rates could be expressed solely as mean differences in the multi‐substance dependence factor.ConclusionsLife‐time substance dependence symptoms fitted a dimensional model well. Although clinically overselected participants endorsed more dependence symptoms, on average, than community‐sampled participants, the pattern of symptom endorsement was similar across groups. From a measurement perspective, DSM‐IV criteria are equally appropriate for describing substance dependence across different sampling methods.
A novel c.‐274C>G polymorphism in bovine SIRT1 gene contributes to diminished promoter activity and is associated with increased body size
Authors: Li Ming‐xun , Sun Xiao‐mei , Zhang Liang‐zhi , Wang Jing , Huang Yong‐zhen , Sun Yu‐jia , Hu Shen‐rong , Lan Xian‐yong , Lei Chu‐zhao , Chen Hong 
Published: May 2013

SummarySIRT1, a mammalian homologue for yeast silent information regulator 2 (SIR2), is a NAD+‐dependent deacetylase that belongs to the class III histone deacetylases. It plays an important role in diverse cellular processes, including stress resistance, mitochondrial function, suppression of inflammation and DNA repair. In this study, we screened and identified a novel polymorphism (c.‐274C>G) in the SIRT1 promoter region. In silico prediction reveals that this SNP is in the core of cell cycle‐dependent element (CDE)‐binding motif. Interestingly, the G allele abolished a CDE‐binding site, which suggested its functional significance. In the luciferase assay system, we found that the G allele‐containing construct displayed a strikingly lower promoter activity compared with the C allele, which may downregulate SIRT1 expression levels. Additionally, we observed a significant association between the c.‐274C>G polymorphism and growth traits in Nanyang cattle, suggesting that anomalous transcription factor‐based repression of SIRT1 may increase bovine fat mass and body size.
Confirmation and fine‐mapping of clinical mastitis and somatic cell score QTL in Nordic Holstein cattle
Authors: Sahana G. , Guldbrandtsen B. , Thomsen B. , Lund M. S. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryA genome‐wide association study of 2098 progeny‐tested Nordic Holstein bulls genotyped for 36 387 SNPs on 29 autosomes was conducted to confirm and fine‐map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for mastitis traits identified earlier using linkage analysis with sparse microsatellite markers in the same population. We used linear mixed model analysis where a polygenic genetic effect was fitted as a random effect and single SNPs were successively included as fixed effects in the model. We detected 143 SNP‐by‐trait significant associations (P < 0.0001) on 20 chromosomes affecting mastitis‐related traits. Among them, 21 SNP‐by‐trait combinations exceeded the genome‐wide significant threshold. For 12 chromosomes, both the present association study and the previous linkage study detected QTL, and of these, six were in the same chromosomal locations. Strong associations of SNPs with mastitis traits were observed on bovine autosomes 6, 13, 14 and 20. Possible candidate genes for these QTL were identified. Identification of SNPs in linkage disequilibrium with QTL will enable marker‐based selection for mastitis resistance. The candidate genes identified should be further studied to detect candidate polymorphisms underlying these QTL.
The Influence of Restricted Feeding on Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 (GLP‐1)‐Containing Cells in the Chicken Small Intestine
Authors: Monir M. M. , Hiramatsu K. , Yamasaki A. , Nishimura K. , Watanabe T. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryThe influence of restricted feeding on the distribution of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1)‐containing endocrine cells in the chicken small intestine was investigated using immunohistochemical and morphometrical techniques. This study demonstrated that the restricted feeding had an influence on the activity of GLP‐1‐immunoreactive cells in the chicken small intestine. There were differences in the localization and the frequency of occurrence of GLP‐1‐immunoreactive cells in the small intestine between control and restricted groups, especially 25% feed supply group provided with 25% of the intake during the adapting period. GLP‐1‐immunoreactive cells in the control chickens were mainly located in epithelium from crypts to the lower part of intestinal villi. Those in restricted groups, however, tended to be located from crypts to the middle part of intestinal villi. The frequency of occurrence of GLP‐1‐immunoreactive cells was lowest in the control group, medium in 50% feed supply group and highest in 25% feed supply group at each intestinal region examined in this study, that is, increased with the advancement of restricting the amount of feed supply. These data show that the quantity of food intake is one of signals that have an influence on the secretion of GLP‐1 from L cells in the chicken small intestine.
Early vitreoretinal surgery on vascularly active stage 4 retinopathy of prematurity through the preoperative intravitreal bevacizumab injection
Authors: Xu Yu , Zhang Qi , Kang Xiaoli , Zhu Ying , Li Jiakai , Chen Yiye , Zhao Peiquan 
Published: May 2013

Abstract.Purpose:  To evaluate the effect of early vitreoretinal surgery on vascularly active stage 4 ROP through the preoperative use of intravitreal bevacizumab.Methods:  This was a retrospective study. Eighteen patients with vascularly active stage 4 ROP who underwent primary vitrectomy from April 2007 to March 2010 were enrolled. Twelve eyes from eight patients received one‐time intravitreal injection of 0.625 mg bevacizumab 7 days prior to vitrectomy (bevacizumab group), and 11 eyes from 10 patients underwent the surgical procedure without bevacizumab (control group). Demographical information of all patients was recorded. The patients were followed up for 12–36 months after the surgery. The postmenstrual age at vitrectomy, surgical procedure, anatomical and visual outcome, adverse effects and surgical complications were compared.Results:  There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in gender, birthweight and gestational age. The bevacizumab group showed remarkable regression of vascular activity after the injection. The mean postmenstrual age at the time of vitrectomy was significantly earlier in the bevacizumab group (40 versus 47 weeks, p = 0.002) compared with the controls. The mean surgery time was shorter in the bevacizumab group (74.81 versus 101.70 min, bevacizumab group versus control, p = 0.002). At the final follow‐up, all patients in the bevacizumab group achieved anatomical retinal attachment, compared with 70% in the control group. Eighty‐eight per cent patients in the bevacizumab group obtained pattern vision, while it was 30% in the control group (p = 0.015).Conclusion:  Intravitreal bevacizumab administrated prior to vitrectomy effectively reduced active neovascularization in vascularly active stage 4 ROP patients, thus advancing the timing of vitrectomy and facilitating pars plicata vitrectomy (PPV).
Attitudes towards People with Disabilities – what do people with intellectual disabilities have to say?
Authors: Corr McEvoy Sandra , Keenan Emer 
Published: May 2013

Accessible summary
This research aimed to find out how people with intellectual disabilities are treated by the public, from the viewpoint of people with intellectual disabilities.
A total of seven focus groups were used to collect stories from 41 adults with intellectual disabilities attending one agency in Dublin.
The stories were about how they have been treated in everyday life.
The findings show that some people have been treated very well, but many other people have not been treated well.

SummaryAttitudes towards people with intellectual disabilities have traditionally been very negative, resulting in people with intellectual disabilities being treated badly by other. This claim was explored by conducting focus groups with adults who have an intellectual disability to find out about their everyday experiences in different places and using different services. Participants reported being treated well by some people and in some places, but being treated less favourably by other people and in other places. Being treated well happened in their home, in college, in work and in their services. People were treated less well when they were out and about, using public transport, in school or work.
Staff experiences of supported employment with the Sustainable Hub of Innovative Employment for people with Complex needs
Authors: Gore Nick J. , Forrester‐Jones Rachel , Young Rhea 
Published: May 2013

Accessible Summary
Many people with learning disabilities want to work.
The Sustainable Hub of Innovative Employment for people with Complex needs (SHIEC) project is about supporting people with complex needs to find work.
This study interviewed staff members who are part of SHIEC.
Staff said it can be difficult to help people with complex needs to find work and this often made them worried.
Staff also said that when people with complex needs found work, it was very rewarding.
Staff said being part of SHIEC helped them do this.
SummaryWhilst the value of supported employment for people with learning disabilities is well substantiated, the experiences of supporting individuals into work are less well documented. The Sustainable Hub of Innovative Employment for people with Complex needs aims to support people with learning disabilities and complex needs to find paid employment. Sixteen semi‐structured interviews administered to staff members of Sustainable Hub of Innovative Employment for people with Complex needs revealed seven core themes concerning their experiences of helping people with complex needs into work. This included the practical and emotional reality of facilitating supported employment and a reflection on those factors that influenced success. This article discusses how findings relate more broadly to work in this area, and the vital roles frontline staff play in making employment happen for people with learning disabilities.
Nuclear MMP‐9 role in the regulation of rat skeletal myoblasts proliferation
Authors: Zimowska Malgorzata , Swierczynska Marta , Ciemerych Maria A. 
Published: May 2013

Background informationMatrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are the key enzymes responsible for the remodelling of extracellular matrix. Two of them, namely MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 (gelatinases A and B, respectively), are expressed in skeletal muscles and are involved in their regeneration after the injury. Although MMPs are primarily known to act extracellularly, recent studies have shown that some of them are also found within the cell. In this study, we examine intracellular localisation of gelatinases during myoblasts differentiation in vitro, focussing the impact of MMPs inhibition on the myoblasts proliferation and function.ResultsWe show that MMP‐9 localises within the S‐phase nuclei of in vitro differentiating myoblasts. The inhibition of MMPs activity achieved by either doxycycline (a non‐competitive inhibitor of collagenases), TIMP‐1 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1) or neutralising anti‐MMP‐9 antibody affects nuclear localisation of this gelatinase, and impacts at myoblasts proliferation.ConclusionsDuring myoblasts differentiation, MMP‐9 that is localised in nuclei might be involved in the processes regulating cell cycle progression.
Pituitary dysfunction after traumatic brain injury in children: is there a need for ongoing endocrine assessment?
Authors: Casano‐Sancho Paula , Suárez Larisa , Ibáñez Lourdes , García‐Fructuoso Gemma , Medina Julita , Febrer Anna 
Published: May 2013

SummaryBackgroundHypopituitarism has been widely described in adults after traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, the available data in paediatric populations are scarce. Here, we report the results of a prospective, long‐term study in children, adolescents and young adults.Study groupThirty‐seven children (age, 2 months to 19·9 years) of 51 eligible patients were followed for 1 year. Clinical and baseline endocrine variables were assessed in all 3 and 12 months after TBI; children ≥ 6 years underwent two stimulation tests (glucagon stimulation and megatest).ResultsIn the group ≥6 years, 11 of 23 patients (47·8%) had a subnormal GH peak 3 months after TBI that persisted in 8 of 23 patients (34%) after 1 year. The GH response showed no correlation with injury severity (GCS, Marshall classification). Growth velocity was normal in all patients, except for one. Body mass index (BMI) SDS increased significantly in the group with low GH response. A suboptimal cortisol was observed in 10 of 23 subjects, which normalized in all but three, 1 year thereafter. All patients but one showed a pubertal response to GnRH testing. No clinical or hormonal abnormalities were detectable in children <6 years.ConclusionOur results recommend to prospectively follow children after TBI: firstly, because the impairment of pituitary function cannot be predicted, and secondly, to avoid the potential consequences of pituitary dysfunction. Prospective clinical trials are needed before recommending a systematic screening after TBI and/or GH therapy either in postpubertal children or in prepubertal children who grow normally.
Heart rate variability in pubertal girls with type 1 diabetes: its relationship with glycaemic control, insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism
Authors: Cho Yoon Hi , Craig Maria E. , Srinivasan Shubha , Benitez‐Aguirre Paul , Mitchell Paul , Jopling Tracey , Donaghue Kim C. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryObjectiveTo examine the association between glycaemic control, insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism on cardiac autonomic function in peripubertal girls with type 1 diabetes.DesignProspective, clinic‐based study of 125 girls with diabetes and 46 age‐matched nondiabetic girls.MeasurementsHeart rate variability (HRV) parameters derived from a 10‐min ECG recording using LabChart Pro were as follows: standard deviation of mean NN intervals (SDNN), where NN = adjacent QRS complexes; root mean squared difference of successive NN intervals (RMSSD) – estimates of overall HRV; and low‐/high‐frequency (LF:HF) ratio – an estimate of the sympathovagal balance. Androgens and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured in girls with diabetes, and free androgen index (FAI) calculated. HRV and anthropometry were measured in nondiabetic controls.ResultsAdolescents with diabetes (median age 15·1 years [13·3–16·0], diabetes duration 7·0 years [4·6–10·0] and median HbA1c 8·4% [7·5–9·3]) had higher HR and lower HRV compared with controls. Using multivariate models in the diabetes group, higher HR was associated with higher HbA1c, total daily dose insulin/kg body weight and systolic BP standard deviation scores (SDS), whilst reduced HRV was associated with higher HbA1c (SDNN, RMSSD and LF:HF ratio), lower SHBG (SDNN and RMSSD) and higher weight SDS (LF:HF ratio). Higher FAI was associated with higher HR and reduced HRV measures in the univariate analyses only.ConclusionsIn adolescent girls with diabetes, reduced HRV parameters are associated with worse glycaemic control, lower SHBG and higher weight SDS. SHBG should be considered in the cardiac risk models for this population.
Finite Element Image Warping
Authors: Kaufmann Peter , Wang Oliver , Sorkine‐Hornung Alexander , Sorkine‐Hornung Olga , Smolic Aljoscha , Gross Markus 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe introduce a single unifying framework for a wide range of content‐aware image warping tasks using a finite element method (FEM). Existing approaches commonly define error terms over vertex finite differences and can be expressed as a special case of our general FEM model. In this work, we exploit the full generality of FEMs, gaining important advantages over prior methods. These advantages include arbitrary mesh connectivity allowing for adaptive meshing and efficient large‐scale solutions, a well‐defined continuous problem formulation that enables clear analysis of existing warping error functions and allows us to propose improved ones, and higher order basis functions that allow for smoother warps with fewer degrees of freedom. To support per‐element basis functions of varying degree and complex mesh connectivity with hanging nodes, we also introduce a novel use of discontinuous Galerkin FEM. We demonstrate the utility of our method by showing examples in video retargeting and camera stabilization applications, and compare our results with previous state of the art methods.
Photon Parameterisation for Robust Relaxation Constraints
Authors: Spencer B. , Jones M.W. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper presents a novel approach to detecting and preserving fine illumination structure within photon maps. Data derived from each photon's primal trajectory is encoded and used to build a high‐dimensional kd‐tree. Incorporation of these new parameters allows for precise differentiation between intersecting ray envelopes, thus minimizing detail degradation when combined with photon relaxation. We demonstrate how parameter‐aware querying is beneficial in both detecting and removing noise. We also propose a more robust structure descriptor based on principal components analysis that better identifies anisotropic detail at the sub‐kernel level. We illustrate the effectiveness of our approach in several example scenes and show significant improvements when rendering complex caustics compared to previous methods.
Stochastic Depth Buffer Compression using Generalized Plane Encoding
Authors: Andersson M. , Munkberg J. , Akenine‐Möller T. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIn this paper, we derive compact representations of the depth function for a triangle undergoing motion or defocus blur. Unlike a static primitive, where the depth function is planar, the depth function is a rational function in time and the lens parameters. Furthermore, we show how these compact depth functions can be used to design an efficient depth buffer compressor/decompressor, which significantly lowers total depth buffer bandwidth usage for a range of test scenes. In addition, our compressor/decompressor is simpler in the number of operations needed to execute, which makes our algorithm more amenable for hardware implementation than previous methods.
Current status of rectal cancer treatment in China
Authors: Gu J. , Chen N. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAimColorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common carcinoma in China. For economic reasons, a national CRC registry has not been established and a large‐scale screening programme has not been implemented.MethodClinical studies (since 2000) of CRC epidemiology which originated from China were summarized, and data was analyzed.ResultsIn China, the majority of hospitals in central cities and even in county hospitals are able to provide medical care for CRC patients. Due to socio‐economic disparities, medical conditions and skill level, there is a wide variation in the treatment. Most oncologists make their clinical decisions based on the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines, although some domestic guidelines are now available. On 11 October 2011, the China Ministry of Health released national guidelines for CRC treatment. Owing to language difficulties, research on CRC in China has only had a limited exposure in the international literature, due in some part to lack of understanding of the current position in the country.ConclusionThe national guidelines for CRC treatment will give a degree of standardization of the treatment of CRC nationwide and will ensure that higher quality care will be available, especially in rural areas. Chinese colorectal surgeons urgently need to exchange their knowledge and experience with international colleagues.
Acute effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and static stretching on maximal voluntary contraction and muscle electromyographical activity in indoor soccer players
Authors: Reis Erika da Fonseca Silva , Pereira Guilherme Borges , de Sousa Nuno Manuel Frade , Tibana Ramires Alsamir , Silva Mauro Fernando , Araujo Marcia , Gomes Italo , Prestes Jonato 
Published: May 2013

SummaryThe aim was to investigate and compare the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and static stretching (SS) on maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and muscle activation in indoor soccer players. Thirty‐three young adult men were divided into two groups: (i) sedentary and (ii) trained. Each group completed three different experimental trials: SS, PNF and no stretching (NS). The MVC of knee extension was evaluated before and immediately after each condition along with electromyography from the vastus lateralis (VL) and rectus femoris (RF) muscles of the dominant leg. PNF or SS techniques induced no decrease on MVC and muscle electromyographical activity in indoor soccer players (P>0·05). The electromyography of the RF and VL was lower after SS only in the sedentary group (P≤0·05). Short‐duration PNF or SS has no effect on isometric MVC and muscle activity in indoor soccer players.