bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The diverging perception among physiotherapists of how to work with the concept of evidence
Authors: Snöljung Åsa , Mattsson Karin , Gustafsson Lena‐Karin 
Published: May 2014

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesChanges in Sweden's municipal care have impacted the situation of physiotherapists by the adoption of practice based on research evidence. Even if physiotherapists appear to be in favour of the idea of evidence‐based practice, barriers still exist that prevent many from keeping up with current research. The aim of this study was to identify and describe the different ways in which physiotherapists in municipal care perceive the concept of evidence in rehabilitation.MethodsA phenomenographic design with semi‐structured interviews was carried out with physiotherapists working with frail older people in three municipal care units in two neighbouring municipalities in Sweden. The physiotherapists' perceptions of evidence were explored in 12 interviews.ResultsDistinct perceptions of the concept of evidence are identified in three categories: ‘Confidence with the concept of evidence in relation to measurement instruments’; ‘Perception of evidence‐based practice as a duty, condition and demand of the profession’; and ‘Evidence‐based work as a separate rather than directly patient‐oriented activity’.ConclusionsPhysiotherapists take full responsibility to comply with what they perceive to be the demands of their profession. However, what evidence actually meant, and therefore what the practical element of this responsibility consisted of, was not as clear.
Correspondence between neurophysiological and clinical measurements of chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy: secondary analysis of data from the CI‐PeriNomS study
Authors: Griffith Kathleen A. , Dorsey Susan G. , Renn Cynthia L. , Zhu Shijun , Johantgen Mary E. , Cornblath David R. , Argyriou Andreas A. , Cavaletti Guido , Merkies Ingemar S. J. , Alberti Paola , Postma Tjeerd J. , Rossi Emanuela , Frigeni Barbara , Bruna Jordi , Velasco Roser , Kalofonos Haralabos P. , Psimaras Dimitri , Ricard Damien , Pace Andrea , Galie Edvina , Briani Chiara , Torre Chiara Dalla , Faber Catharina G. , Lalisang Roy I. , Boogerd Willem , Brandsma Dieta , Koeppen Susanne , Hense Joerg , Storey Dawn J. , Kerrigan Simon , Schenone Angelo , Fabbri Sabrina , Valsecchi Maria Grazia ,   the CI‐PeriNomS Group
Published: May 2014

AbstractChemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) lacks standardized clinical measurement. The objective of the current secondary analysis was to examine data from the CIPN Outcomes Standardization (CI‐PeriNomS) study for associations between clinical examinations and neurophysiological abnormalities. Logistic regression estimated the strength of associations of vibration, pin, and monofilament examinations with lower limb sensory and motor amplitudes. Examinations were classified as normal (0), moderately abnormal (1), or severely abnormal (2). Among 218 participants, those with class 1 upper extremity (UE) and classes 1 or 2 lower extremity (LE) monofilament abnormality were 2.79 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–6.07), 3.49 (95%CI: 1.61–7.55), and 4.42 (95%CI: 1.35–14.46) times more likely to have abnormal sural nerve amplitudes, respectively, compared to individuals with normal examinations. Likewise, those with class 2 UE and classes 1 or 2 LE vibration abnormality were 8.65 (95%CI: 1.81–41.42), 2.54 (95%CI: 1.19–5.41), and 7.47 (95%CI: 2.49–22.40) times more likely to have abnormal sural nerve amplitudes, respectively, compared to participants with normal examinations. Abnormalities in vibration and monofilament examinations are associated with abnormal sural nerve amplitudes and are useful in identifying CIPN.
Predicting help‐seeking intention of women with urinary incontinence in Jinan, China: a theory of planned behaviour model
Authors: Wu Chen , Wang Kefang , Sun Tao , Xu Dongjuan , Palmer Mary H 
Published: May 2014

Aims and objectivesTo develop and test a predictive model of women's help‐seeking intention for urinary incontinence that was developed using the theory of planned behaviour and to identify factors that influenced women's help‐seeking intention.BackgroundUrinary incontinence is a chronic progressive condition if left untreated, but few women seek help from healthcare providers. Reasons for not seeking help have been studied in Western countries while relatively little information is available from mainland China.DesignQuestionnaire‐based cross‐sectional survey was performed in this study.MethodsFrom May–October 2011, a cross‐sectional survey was conducted with a representative sample of 346 incontinent women from three communities in Jinan using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected via a self‐administered pencil‐and‐paper survey that consisted of a multi‐item questionnaire. Predictive model estimation was performed using structural equation model.ResultsThe resultant model demonstrated that incontinent women's help‐seeking intention could be predicted by their perceived self‐efficacy and perceived social impact from urine loss. Perceived self‐efficacy was the negative predictor, while the perceived social impact was the positive one. Overall, the predictive model explained 36% of the variance for incontinent women's help‐seeking intention.ConclusionThe theory of planned behaviour can be used to predict help‐seeking intention in women who have urinary incontinence. Community nurses should increase patients' help‐seeking intention by addressing perceived social impact and perceived self‐efficacy in managing incontinent symptoms.Relevance to clinical practiceOur findings suggest that high perceived self‐efficacy in dealing with incontinent symptoms could hinder incontinent women from seeking help from healthcare providers. The strong social impact women perceived, however, facilitates intention to seek help. Nurses should understand and address these factors through education and evidence‐based practices to increase help‐seeking in incontinent women.
Does language ambiguity in clinical practice justify the introduction of standard terminology? An integrative review
Authors: Stallinga Hillegonda A , ten Napel Huib , Jansen Gerard J , Geertzen Jan HB , de Vries Robbé Pieter F , Roodbol Petrie F 
Published: May 2014

Aims and objectivesTo research the use of ambiguous language in written information concerning patients' functioning and to identify problems resulting from the use of ambiguous language in clinical practice.BackgroundMany projects that aimed to introduce standard terminology concerning patients' functioning in clinical practice are unsuccessful because standard terminology is rarely used in clinical practice. These projects mainly aim to improve communication by reducing ambiguous language. Considering their lack of success, the validity of the argument that language ambiguity is used in clinical practice is questioned.DesignAn integrative literature review.MethodsA systematic search of the MEDLINE (1950–2012) and CINAHL (1982–2012) databases was undertaken, including empirical and theoretical literature. The selected studies were critically appraised using a data assessment and extraction form.ResultsSeventeen of 767 papers were included in the review and synthesis. The use of ambiguous language in written information concerning patients' functioning was demonstrated. Problems resulting from the use of ambiguous language in clinical practice were not identified. However, several potential problems were suggested, including hindered clinical decision‐making and limited research opportunities.ConclusionThe results of this review demonstrated the use of ambiguous language concerning patients' functioning, but health professionals in clinical practice did not experience this issue as a problem. This finding might explain why many projects aimed at introducing standard terminology concerning functioning in clinical practice to solve problems caused by ambiguous language are often unsuccessful. Language ambiguity alone is not a valid argument to justify the introduction of standard terminology.Relevance to clinical practiceThe introduction of standard terminology concerning patients' functioning will only be successful when clinical practice requires the aggregation and reuse of data from electronic patient records for different purposes, including multidisciplinary decision‐making and research.
Rituals in nursing: intramuscular injections
Authors: Greenway Kathleen 
Published: May 2014

Aims and objectivesTo consider to what extent intramuscular injection technique can be described to remain entrenched in ritualistic practice and how evidence‐based practice should be considered and applied to the nursing practice of this essential skill.BackgroundThe notion of rituals within nursing and the value or futile impact they afford to this essential nursing skill will be critically reviewed.DesignDiscursive paper.MethodLiterature review from 2002–2013 to review the current position of intramuscular injection injections.ResultsWithin the literature review, it became clear that there are several actions within the administration of an intramuscular injection that could be perceived as ritualistic and require consideration for contemporary nursing practice.ConclusionsThe essential nursing skill of intramuscular injection often appears to fit into the description of a ritualised practice. By providing evidence‐based care, nurses will find themselves empowered to make informed decisions based on clinical need and using their clinical judgement.Relevance to clinical practiceFor key learning, it will outline with rationale how site selection, needle selection, insertion technique and aspiration can be cited as examples of routinised or ritualistic practice and why these should be rejected in favour of an evidence‐based approach. The effect on some student nurses of experiencing differing practices between what is taught at university and what is often seen in clinical practice will also be discussed.
Development of Australian clinical practice outcome standards for graduates of critical care nurse education
Authors: Gill Fenella J , Leslie Gavin D , Grech Carol , Boldy Duncan , Latour Jos M 
Published: May 2014

Aims and objectivesTo develop critical care nurse education practice standards.BackgroundCritical care specialist education for registered nurses in Australia is provided at graduate level. Considerable variation exists across courses with no framework to guide practice outcomes or evidence supporting the level of qualification.DesignAn eDelphi technique involved the iterative process of a national expert panel responding to three survey rounds.MethodsFor the first round, 84 statements, organised within six domains, were developed from earlier phases of the study that included a literature review, analysis of critical care courses and input from health consumers. The panel, which represented the perspectives of four stakeholder groups, responded to two rating scales: level of importance and level of practice.ResultsOf 105 experts who agreed to participate, 92 (88%) completed survey round I; 85 (92%) round II; and 73 (86%) round III. Of the 98 statements, 75 were rated as having a high level of importance – median 7 (IQR 6–7); 14 were rated as having a moderate level of importance – median 6 (IQR 5–7); and nine were rated as having a low level of importance – median 4 (IQR 4–6)–6 (IQR 4–6). The majority of the panel rated graduate level of practice as ‘demonstrates independently’ or ‘teaches or supervises others’ for 80 statements. For 18 statements, there was no category selected by 50% or more of the panel. The process resulted in the development of 98 practice standards, categorised into three levels, indicating a practice outcome level by the practitioner who can independently provide nursing care for a variety of critically ill patients in most contexts, using a patient‐ and family‐focused approach.Conclusion/relevance to clinical practiceThe graduate practice outcomes provide a critical care qualification definition for nursing workforce standards and can be used by course providers to achieve consistent practice outcomes.
On the reciprocal relationship between job insecurity and employee well‐being: Mediation by perceived control?
Authors: Vander Elst Tinne , Van den Broeck Anja , De Cuyper Nele , De Witte Hans 
Published: May 2014

This study aims to explain the reciprocal relationship between job insecurity and employee well‐being (i.e., emotional exhaustion and vigour) by perceived control. Building on appraisal theory and conservation of resources theory, we suggest that perceived control mediates the cross‐lagged relationships from job insecurity to employee well‐being, and from employee well‐being to job insecurity. These hypotheses were tested using repeated‐measures data (two waves) from 536 Flemish employees from different organizations and sectors. First, cross‐lagged structural equation modelling analyses showed an effect from job insecurity to perceived control, and from perceived control to emotional exhaustion, so that perceived control (partially) mediated the positive cross‐lagged relationship from job insecurity to emotional exhaustion. Second, we established a cross‐lagged effect from emotional exhaustion to perceived control, although not from perceived control to job insecurity. Third, no cross‐lagged paths were found between perceived control and vigour. This study contributes to both appraisal theory and conservation of resources theory by investigating reciprocal relationships that fit the transactional conceptualization of stress within both frameworks. Furthermore, the results of this study highlight perceived control as the process through which the stressor job insecurity impacts on employee well‐being.Practitioner points

The current study suggests a possible theoretical explanation of the negative consequences of job insecurity for employee well‐being: Perceived control accounted for the effect of job insecurity on emotional exhaustion.

Job insecurity enhances emotional exhaustion by decreasing employees' feelings of control. Therefore, interventions providing employees with a sense of control, such as communication programmes and measures that promote participative decision‐making, may provide a deterrent to this effect.

The current study additionally adds to our knowledge of the impact of employee well‐being on evaluations of the work situation: Emotional exhaustion was found to be related to reduced perceived control over the work situation.

Practitioners may want to invest in measures that stimulate employee well‐being, for example job design. This may increase employees' perceptions of control, which then makes them less vulnerable to stressors. Additionally, by fostering both employee well‐being and perceived control, practitioners may forestall a loss cycle between poor well‐being and lack of control.
Marginal bone resorption around immediate and delayed loaded implants supporting a locator‐retained mandibular overdenture. A 1‐year randomised controlled trial
Authors: Elsyad M. A. , Elsaih E. A. , Khairallah A. S. 
Published: May 2014

SummaryThe aim of this 1‐year study was to evaluate and compare crestal bone loss and clinical outcomes of immediate and delayed loaded implants supporting mandibular overdentures with Locator attachments. In a randomised controlled clinical trial, 36 completely edentulous patients (mean age 59·6 years) who desired to improve the stability of their mandibular dentures were randomly assigned into two groups. Each patient received two implants in the canine area of the mandible after a minimal flap reflection. Implants were loaded by mandibular overdentures either 3 months (delayed loading group, G1) or the same day (immediate loading group, G2) after implant placement. Locator attachments were used to retain all overdentures to the implants. Peri‐implant vertical (VBL) and horizontal (HBLO) bone losses and clinical parameters [plaque scores (PI), gingival scores (GI), probing depths (PD) and implant stability (ISQ)] were assessed at time of overdenture insertion (T0), 6 months (T6) and 12 months (T12) after overdenture insertion. After 12 months of overdenture insertion, two implants (5·5%) failed in G2. Vertical bone loss was significantly higher in G2 compared with G1, while HBLO demonstrated insignificant differences between groups. All clinical parameters (PI, GI, PD and ISQ) did not differ significantly between groups. Vertical bone loss was significantly correlated with PD and HBLO. Immediately loaded two implants supporting a Locator‐retained mandibular overdenture are associated with more vertical bone resorption when compared to delayed loaded implants after 1 year. Clinical outcomes do not differ significantly between loading protocols.
Effect of tannins and saponins in Samanea saman on rumen environment, milk yield and milk composition in lactating dairy cows
Authors: Anantasook N. , Wanapat M. , Cherdthong A. , Gunun P. 
Published: May 2014

SummaryThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of tannins and saponins in Samanea saman on rumen fermentation, milk yield and milk composition in lactating dairy cows. Four multiparous early‐lactating dairy cows (Holstein‐Friesian cross‐bred, 75%) with an initial body weight (BW) of 405 ± 40 kg and 36 ± 8 day in milk were randomly assigned to receive dietary treatments according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The four dietary treatments were unsupplemented (control), supplemented with rain tree pod (S. saman) meal (RPM) at 60 g/kg, supplemented with palm oil (PO) at 20 g/kg, and supplemented with RPM at 60 g/kg and PO at 20 g/kg (RPO), of total dry matter (DM) intake. Cows were fed with concentrate diets at a ratio of concentrate to milk yield of 1:2, and chopped 30 g/kg of urea‐treated rice straw was fed ad libitum. The RPM contained condensed tannins and crude saponins at 88 and 141 g/kg of DM respectively. It was found that supplementation with RPM and/or PO to dairy cows diets did not show negative effect on ruminal pH, blood urea nitrogen and milk urea nitrogen concentration (p > 0.05). However, supplementation with RPM resulted in lower ammonia nitrogen (NH3‐N) concentration (p < 0.05). In addition, propionic acid and milk production increased while acetic acid, acetic to propionic ratio, methane production, methanogens and protozoal population decreased with RPM and/or PO supplementation. Furthermore, addition of PO and RPO in the diets increased milk fat while supplementation of RPM resulted in greater milk protein and Fibrobacter succinogenes numbers (p < 0.05). The population of Ruminococcus flavefaciens and Ruminococcus albus were not affected by any treatments. The findings on the present study showed that supplementation with RPM and RPO to diets of cows improved the rumen environment and increased milk yield, content of milk protein and milk fat.
Glycated albumin produced in diabetic hyperglycemia promotes monocyte secretion of inflammatory cytokines and bacterial adherence to epithelial cells
Authors: Shim E. , Babu J. P. 
Published: May 2014

Background and ObjectiveThe prevalence and severity of periodontal disease increase in patients with insulin‐deficient or insulin‐resistant forms of diabetes. A common characteristic of diabetes is the presence of hyperglycemia. A critical consequence of hyperglycemia is the nonenzymatic glycation and oxidation of proteins and lipids, resulting in the irreversible formation of advanced glycation end‐products (AGEs). A central means by which AGEs are believed to impart their pathogenic effects is via interacting with specific cellular receptors; the best‐characterized of these is receptor for AGE (RAGE). The major consequences of the AGE–RAGE interaction are the generation of enhanced cellular oxidant stress, hypersecretion of inflammatory mediators and altered subgingival flora. The aim of this study was to elucidate the influence of glycated albumin (G‐alb), with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from periodontal pathogens, on the secretion of inflammatory cytokines by cultured monocytic cells and also to investigate the role of G‐alb in adherence of bacteria to epithelial cells.Material and MethodsActivated THP‐1 cells (1 × 106 cells) were incubated for 24 h with G‐alb or normal albumin (N‐alb), with or without LPS isolated from two periodontal pathogens. Supernatant fluids were collected and assayed for the cytokines interleukin‐1beta (IL‐1β), tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) by ELISA. For bacterial adhesion assays, S‐G epithelial cells were grown on cover slips and incubated with G‐alb (10 μg/mL) or N‐alb (control) for 30 min. The cover slips were rinsed and then incubated with bacteria for 2 h. The number of adherent bacteria was determined by counting 20 epithelial cells chosen randomly under a light microscope.ResultsThe secretion of IL‐1β, TNF‐α and IL‐6 by THP‐1 cells was greater in the presence of G‐alb than in the presence of N‐alb. The amounts of cytokines secreted were even greater when THP‐1 cells were incubated with G‐alb and LPS of periodontal pathogens. The effect of G‐alb and LPS was reduced when RAGE was blocked by its antibody. Coating the cultured epithelial cells with G‐alb resulted in increased bacterial adherence.ConclusionThis study demonstrated the role of G‐alb in stimulating cultured monocytic cells to secrete inflammatory cytokines. The stimulation was found to be greater when cells were incubated with LPS in addition to G‐alb. The over‐expression of inflammatory cytokines as a result of the combined effects of G‐alb and bacterial LPS may contribute to the severity of periodontal disease in diabetic subjects.
Calcium signalling from the type I inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate receptor is required at early phase of liver regeneration
Authors: Oliveira André G. , Andrade Viviane A. , Guimarães Erika S. , Florentino Rodrigo M. , Sousa Pedro A. , Marques Pedro E. , Melo Flávia M. , Ortega Miguel J. , Menezes Gustavo B. , Leite M. Fatima 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackground & AimsLiver regeneration is a multistage process that unfolds gradually, with different mediators acting at different stages of regeneration. Calcium (Ca2+) signalling is essential for liver regeneration. In hepatocytes, Ca2+ signalling results from the activation of inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate receptors (InsP3R) of which two of the three known isoforms are expressed (InsP3R‐I and InsP3R‐II). Here, we investigated the role of the InsP3R‐I‐dependent Ca2+ signals in hepatic proliferation during liver regeneration.MethodsPartial hepatectomy (HX) in combination with knockdown of InsP3R‐I (AdsiRNA‐I) was used to evaluate the role of InsP3R‐I on liver regeneration and hepatocyte proliferation, as assessed by liver to body mass ratio, PCNA expression, immunoblots and measurements of intracellular Ca2+ signalling.ResultsAdsiRNA‐I efficiently infected the liver as demonstrated by the expression of β‐galactosidase throughout the liver lobules. Moreover, this construct selectively and efficiently reduced the expression of InsP3R‐I, as evaluated by immunoblots. Expression of AdsiRNA‐I in liver decreased peak Ca2+ amplitude induced by vasopressin in isolated hepatocytes 2 days after HX. Reduced InsP3R‐I expression prior to HX also delayed liver regeneration, as measured by liver to body weight ratio, and reduced hepatocyte proliferation, as evaluated by PCNA staining, at the same time point. At later stages of regeneration, control hepatocytes showed a decreased expression of InsP3R, as well as reduced InsP3R‐mediated Ca2+ signalling, events that did not affect liver growth.ConclusionTogether, these results show that InsP3R‐I‐dependent Ca2+ signalling is an early triggering pathway required for liver regeneration.