bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ion‐Size‐Dependent Formation of Mixed Titanium/Lanthanide Oxo Clusters
Authors: Artner Christine , Kronister Stefan , Czakler Matthias , Schubert Ulrich 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe mixed‐metal oxo clusters LnTi4O3(OiPr)2(OMc)11 (Ln = La, Ce; OMc = methacrylate), Ln2Ti6O6(OMc)18(HOiPr) (Ln = La, Ce, Nd, Sm) and Ln2Ti4O4(OMc)14(HOMc)2 (Ln = Sm, Eu, Gd, Ho) have been synthesized from titanium isopropoxide, the corresponding lanthanide acetate and methacrylic acid. The type of cluster obtained strongly depends on the size of the lanthanide ion.
Maternal use of a diet rich omega‐3 from flaxseed improves aortic remodeling but not the biochemical parameters of female offspring of diabetic rats
Authors: Vicente Gabriela Câmara , Correia‐Santos André Manoel , Suzuki Akemi , Chagas Maurício Alves , Boaventura Gilson Teles 
Published: October 2014

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the influence of flaxseed flour and flaxseed oil on biochemical parameters and aortic morphology of the offspring of type 2 diabetic rats. Rats were induced into diabetes by a high fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ) (35 mg/kg). After confirming the diagnosis of diabetes, they were mated and, when gestation was confirmed, were divided into four groups: control group (CG), high fat group (HFG), flaxseed oil group (FOG), and flaxseed flour group (FFG). After weaning, six females from each group were separated and were fed a commercial diet until 100 days of age, when they were sacrificed. It was observed that experimental diets did not affect monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP‐1) concentration, cholesterol, triglycerides and VLDL. On the other hand, the concentration of VEGF was higher in HFG and FOG groups in comparison to CG. The thickness values of the aorta were significantly smaller in FOG and FFG, and the lumen area was the same among the CG, HFG, and FFG, while the FOG showed a smaller lumen area when compared to CG and HFG. The data here suggest that a diet rich in flaxseed flour and flaxseed oil reduces the remodeling of the aorta, even though it did not modify cardiovascular biochemical parameters.Practical applications: The results help explain how the use of omega‐3 rich diet decreases the impact of gestational diabetes on cardiac risk of offspring.We evaluated the influence of maternal ingestion of a high fat diet with added flaxseed flour and flaxseed oil during pregnancy and lactation on the morphology and biochemical parameters of the aorta in the female offspring of diabetic rats 100 days of life. It was observed that experimental diets did not altered the biochemical parameters of their offspring when they reached adult age. However it is suggested that there was a beneficial action promoted by maternal consumption of flaxseed meal or flaxseed oil against aortic remodeling of offspring at 100 days of life.
Tribenzotriquinacenes that Bear Three Peripheral Pentaphenylphenyl Residues: Steric Crowding at a Bowl‐Shaped Core
Authors: Mughal Ehsan Ullah , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Kuck Dietmar 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of tribenzotriquinacenes (TBTQs) that bear three phenylethynyl groups at the peripheral positions of the bowl‐shaped molecular scaffold has been achieved by use of different strategies. Although the C1‐ and C3‐symmetrical triformyl, triethynyl and triiodo derivatives were inseparable by chromatography, the corresponding C1‐ and C3‐symmetrical tris(phenylethynyl)tribenzotriquinacenes were obtained in pure form. Threefold cyclocondensation of these TBTQ‐based tris‐tolanes with tetracyclone gave C1‐ and C3‐tris(pentaphenylphenyl)tribenzotriquinacenes in good yields. Attempts to generate a completely closed graphene‐like periphery around the TBTQ core by Scholl cyclodehydrogenation of the C3‐symmetrical isomer failed.
Short, Convergent Synthesis of Locked Retinals
Authors: Andrä Michal S. , Tzschucke C. Christoph 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe report a short and convenient synthesis of two configurationally locked retinals that are important for applications in the context of optogenetics. The C11–C15 cyclopentyl fragments of both retinals were obtained by palladium‐catalysed alkoxycarbonylation and merged with the rest of the carbon skeleton through Wittig olefination. The preparation of the required and known ylide precursor was revisited and optimised. This synthetic route enables gram‐scale preparation of both retinal derivatives.
Synthesis of Quinuclidines by Intramolecular Silver‐Catalysed Amine Additions to Alkynes
Authors: Breman Arjen C. , Ruiz‐Olalla Andrea , van Maarseveen Jan H. , Ingemann Steen , Hiemstra Henk 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA new method has been developed for the synthesis of 2‐alkylidenequinuclidines based on a silver triflate catalysed intramolecular hydroamination of 4‐(prop‐2‐ynyl)piperidines. Monosubstituted piperidines reacted less efficiently than cis‐disubstituted piperidines, and the reaction was selective for an alkyne moiety, even in the presence of a vinyl group at the 3‐position. The hydroamination occurred readily with a terminal alkyne, as well as with an internal alkyne bearing an aliphatic or aromatic group at the terminal carbon atom. Using this silver‐catalysed cyclization, a short procedure was developed for the relay synthesis of the cinchona alkaloids dihydroquinidine and dihydroquinine.
The relationship between acculturation preferences and prejudice: Longitudinal evidence from majority and minority groups in three European countries
Authors: Zagefka Hanna , Binder Jens , Brown Rupert , Kessler Thomas , Mummendey Amélie , Funke Friedrich , Demoulin Stéphanie , Leyens Jacques‐Philippe , Maquil Annemie 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA longitudinal field survey tested the reciprocal effects of acculturation preferences and prejudice among ethnic minorities and majorities. Data were collected at two points in time from 512 members of ethnic minorities and 1143 majority members in Germany, Belgium and England. Path analyses yielded not only the lagged effects of prejudice on acculturation preferences but also the reverse for both majority and minority members. The mutual longitudinal effects between prejudice and desire for culture maintenance were negative, and the mutual effects between prejudice and desire for culture adoption were positive for majority members. The reverse was the case for minority participants. Moreover, the two acculturation dimensions interacted in their effect on prejudice for majority participants but not for minority participants. The effect of desire for culture adoption on prejudice was moderated by perceived intergroup similarity. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficient Electrochromic Materials Based on PEDOT/WO3 Composites Synthesized in Ionic Liquid Media
Authors: Dulgerbaki Cigdem , Oksuz Aysegul Uygun 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA series of ionic liquids such as 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIMPF6), 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (BMIMTFSI), and 1‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (BMPTFSI) were used as both electrochemical growth media and electrolytes for the synthesis of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/tungsten oxide (PEDOT/WO3) composite films for electrochromic device applications. The surface and electrochromic properties of the composites changed depending on characteristic of ionic liquids. The maximum transmittance window 41.3 % was obtained at 620 nm with the operating potentials between +2 and −2 V, for the BMPTFSI synthesis medium. Optical transmittance spectra results of EC devices indicated that optical modulations values were 32.8 % and 22.3 % at 620 nm for the PEDOT/WO3 composites synthesized in the presence of BMIMPF6 and BMIMTFSI, respectively.
Investigation of encapsulated diacetyl colloidosome release profile as a function of sintering process and release media properties
Authors: Zandi Mohsen , Mohebbei Mohebbat 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTBased on the self‐assembly of colloidal particles, diacetyl encapsulated colloidosomes from poly (styrene‐co‐butyl acrylate) latex particles were prepared at two different sintering times, and the effects of release media characteristics, including pH (5, 7 and 9), temperature (10, 25 and 40 °C) and shear rate (0, 50 and 100 s−1) on release profile were investigated. Results showed that the sintering process, pH and shear rate of the release media had a significant (p &#60; 0.05) effect on the release of diacetyl from colloidosome, but temperature had no significant effect on the release profile. A diffusion equation was fitted to the experimental data, and diffusion coefficients of 0.025 × 10−15 to 8.15 × 10−15 m2/s were obtained for diacetyl release at various conditions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
„Bitte bestäuben!”︁
Authors: Klein Alexandra‐Maria 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWildbienen können in intensiv bewirtschafteten Agrarlandschaften nicht überleben. Doch wenn die Zahl der blütenbesuchenden Insekten schwindet, geht nicht nur der Ertrag der Nutzpflanzen zurück. Ökologen zeigen am Beispiel von Mandelplantagen in Kalifornien, dass die Art der Bestäubung sogar die Qualität der Früchte beeinflusst.
Kosmische Kollisionen in der Experimentierkammer
Authors: Kenkmann Thomas , Poelchau Michael , Deutsch Alex , Thoma Klaus 
Published: October 2014

AbstractGrundlegende Entstehungsprozesse im Sonnensystem neu verstehen: Von den Anfängen unserer Erde bis heute steuern Einschläge von Asteroiden und Kometen die geologische Entwicklung planetarer Körper. Die Hochgeschwindigkeitsprozesse bei solchen Impakt‐Ereignissen werden nun von einer Forschergruppe erstmals im Labor modelliert.
Overliving
Authors: Cohen Andrew B. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe patient's apartment is full of books. A whole shelf is devoted to Virginia Woolf. I ask which novel she likes the best and am surprised when she says The Waves, a lyrical book of sensation and consciousness, with hardly a narrative at all. This, I think, is the way to live at ninety‐five.She tells me she wants to die. She can see how things are likely to go. She will fall one morning, and paramedics will be summoned to pick her up. Caregivers will be invited into her home. The pain in her knees and back will worsen. Disability is coming, it cannot be avoided, she says, and it would be better if her life were now simply to cease.I struggle to find a name for this state of thinking. A senior geriatrician in my department tells me that she sees elderly patients like mine all the time. What word does she use for these men and women, I ask?
Enhancing Moral Agency: Clinical Ethics Residency for Nurses
Authors: Robinson Ellen M. , Lee Susan M. , Zollfrank Angelika , Jurchak Martha , Frost Debra , Grace Pamela 
Published: October 2014

AbstractOne antidote to moral distress is stronger moral agency—that is, an enhanced ability to act to bring about change. The Clinical Ethics Residency for Nurses, an educational program developed and run in two large northeastern academic medical centers with funding from the Health Resources and Services Administration, intended to strengthen nurses’ moral agency. Drawing on Improving Competencies in Clinical Ethics Consultation: An Education Guide, by the American Society for Bioethics and Humanities, and on the goals of the nursing profession, CERN sought to change attitudes, increase knowledge, and develop skills to act on one's knowledge. One of the key insights the faculty members brought to the design of this program is that knowledge of clinical ethics is not enough to develop moral agency. In addition to lecture‐style classes, CERN employed a variety of methods based in adult learning theory, such as active application of ethics knowledge to patient scenarios in classroom discussion, simulation, and the clinical practicum. Overwhelmingly, the feedback from the participants (sixty‐seven over three years of the program) indicated that CERN achieved transformative learning.
On Cultivating the Courage to Speak Up: The Critical Role of Attendings in the Moral Development of Physicians in Training
Authors: Yerramilli Divya 
Published: October 2014

Abstract“Shut the door,” the chief resident said to me. While I was green enough at the beginning of my clinical clerkships to believe that most of my medical education would happen at the bedside, at that moment, I was learning another important fact: a large part of my ethical education was going to happen behind the closed doors of a call room. The health care team was polluted by a pervasive atmosphere of frustration, as silent but tangible as a thick layer of fog, that obscured the patient's ability to evaluate the consequences of the choice that lay before her. The attending did not permit, let alone create, an environment that provided room for dissent.Institutions should encourage the leaders of clinical education to foster an emotionally safer learning environment in which honest moral dialogue may occur without fear of repercussions. If students cannot learn to apply the principles of ethics actively throughout their clerkships, it will be much harder to do so when they practice independently, and ultimately, patient care will suffer. Conversely, when students and trainees are empowered by their teachers, patient care improves.
The 1,25D3‐MARRS receptor/PDIA3/ERp57 and lifespan
Authors: Nemere Ilka , Garbi Natalio , Winger Quinton 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTUsing MRI on mice bearing a targeted knockout (KO) of the 1,25D3‐MARRS receptor/PDIA3/ERp57 we found that they had decreased body fat relative to their littermate (LM) controls, a condition associated with increased lifespan. Others have found that lower body fat is correlated with decreased lipid droplets in intestinal cells that may be mediated by a factor secreted by germ cells (possibly estradiol). In a reducing environment estradiol competed for binding to the 1,25D3‐MARRS receptor/PDIA3/ERp57. A consequence of this was that estradiol stimulated calcium uptake in enterocytes isolated from LM mice. In time course studies, lipid droplets increased in response to 1 nM estradiol from 1–5 D of culture, relative to corresponding controls, while at 6 and 7 D this steroid decreased lipid droplets. Enterocytes from LM or KOs incubated with estradiol for 1–4 D showed the hormone increased lipid droplets. Using the 4 D culture period, 1 and 10 nM estradiol significantly increased the number of lipid droplets in cells from LM mice by 40–60%, compared to equivalent conditions in KO mice. In assessing signal transduction pathways, the hormone increased phospho‐Akt levels, but no differences were observed in phospho‐mTORC1, or phospho‐S6K (although cells from chicks did exhibit a hormone‐mediated difference). Finally, the remaining mice (which had stopped reproducing) were allowed to die naturally and lifespan recorded. LM mice lived 687 ± 77 D (without an outlying value) while KO mice lived 740 D ± 80 D. These data suggest the 25D3‐MARRS receptor/PDIA3/ERp57 may contribute to the length of lifespan in mammals. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 380–385, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of electrolytes/polyelectrolytes on the removal of solids and organics from olive mill wastewater
Authors: Iakovides Iakovos C , Pantziaros Alexis G , Zagklis Dimitris P , Paraskeva Christakis A 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDCoagulation/flocculation is a physico‐chemical method for the treatment of olive mill wastewater (OMW). Coagulation/flocculation and precipitation of the agglomerates formed relies on the effective decrease of the electrical charge of the suspended solids which allows particles to approach each other and form large clusters. The present work focuses on the decrease of the electrical charge of the suspended particles by monitoring the changes in the zeta potential of the particles. This approach can also indicate with accuracy the exact concentration of the coagulant or flocculant that must be added in the wastewaters, to achieve the highest removal of the solids and organic load.RESULTSIn the present paper, experiments of coagulation/flocculation with electrolytes [FeCl3, Ca(OH)2, CaO, CaCl2] and polyelectrolytes (PDADMAC, PAH, PAA, PEI, Floccan 22‐23) are presented, either separately or in combination and screened with respect to their removal efficiency in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), Total solids (TS) and total phenols (TP) removal and by monitoring the zeta potential. A relevant literature review is presented also regarding the coagulants and flocculants which have been examined for the physico‐chemical treatment of OMW. The compounds used, their concentrations and their removal efficiency in terms of COD, TS, TSS and phenols are listed, where possible.CONCLUSIONSThe coupling of calcium hydroxide at 20 g L−1, with PDADMAC in a range of 0.75–2.00 g L−1 led to reductions of COD, TSS, TS and phenols up to 56%, 27%, 43% and 76%, respectively. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Nitrate reduction by chelating resin‐supported Fe and Fe/Ni nanoparticles: comparison of reactivity and effect of co‐existing inorganic anion
Authors: Shi Jialu , He Honglei , Long Chao , Li Aimin 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDNitrate is a potential harmful contaminant to humans, and widely detected in ground and surface water. The aim of this study was to accelerate nitrate reduction using chelating resin‐supported Fe/Ni nanoparticles.RESULTSThe results of X‐ray diffraction indicated that the presence of Ni can prevent the oxidation of nanoscale Fe0 particles by O2. The nitrate removal efficiency (98.3%) and the rate constant (Kobs = 0.0166 mg−1 L min−1) using supported Fe/Ni nanoparticles were increased greatly compared with those using supported Fe nanoparticles (21.3% and 7.93 × 10−4 mg−1 L min−1, respectively). The co‐existing Cl− caused a slight increase in nitrate reduction by the supported Fe nanoparticles, but SO42−, PO43−, HCO3− and humic acid caused obvious inhibition of NO3− removal. Due to Ni catalysis, however, the effects of these co‐existing anions and humic acid on nitrate reduction by supported Fe/Ni nanoparticles could be ignored, except HCO3−. Moreover, the Fe/Ni nanoparticles showed good performance for nitrate reduction in drinking water.CONCLUSIONThe supported Fe/Ni nanoparticles were more reactive than Fe nanoparticles. The co‐existing anions and humic acid showed less effect on nitrate reduction. The supported Fe/Ni nanoparticles have a potential application for nitrate reduction. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation of Light‐Responsive Polyester Micelles via Ring‐Opening Polymerization of O‐Carboxyanhydride and Azide–Alkyne Click Chemistry
Authors: Li Yefei , Niu Yile , Hu Ding , Song Yawei , He Jingwen , Liu Xiangyu , Xia Xinnian , Lu Yanbing , Xu Weijian 
Published: October 2014

Reversibly light‐responsive micelles are constructed from an amphiphilic azobenzene‐containing diblock copolymer AZO‐mPEG‐poly(5)25. The copolymer is synthesized via ring‐opening polymerization of O‐carboxyanhydrides bearing alkyne group, followed by azide–alkyne click chemistry with an azide‐containing azobenzene derivative. AZO‐mPEG‐poly(5)25 can self‐assemble to spherical micelles. Light response of the polymeric micelles is demonstrated by UV–vis spectroscopy and scanning electron micro­scopy (SEM). SEM images show that after UV irradiation, the micelles are partly dissociated, which is ascribed to swelling of the hydrophobic chain because of hydrophobicity change during the trans–cis isomerization of the azobenzene group. After subsequent visible‐light irradiation, the morphology returns back to micelles.
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Reproducing Superhydrophobic Leaves as Coatings by Micromolding Surface‐Initiated Polymerization
Authors: Escobar Carlos A. , Spellings Matthew P. , Cooksey Tyler J. , Jennings G. Kane 
Published: October 2014

Micromolding surface‐initiated polymerization enables the fabrication of polymer coatings that reproduce the microscale surface topography of superhydrophobic leaves onto solid supports. Here, the surfaces of superhydrophobic leaves from Trifolium repens and Aristolochia esperanzae are molded and reproduced as the topography of a partially fluorinated polymer coating through the surface‐initiated ring‐opening metathesis polymerization of 5‐(perfluorooctyl)norbornene (NBF8). The polymer coatings have thicknesses exceeding 100 μm, which can be tailored by the amount of monomer added to the mold. These coatings are robustly bound to the substrate, contain compositions not found in nature, and achieve superhydrophobicity that is comparable to the actual leaf.
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An amphipathic polypeptide derived from poly‐γ‐glutamic acid for the stabilization of membrane proteins
Authors: Han Seong‐Gu , Na Jung‐Hyun , Lee Won‐Kyu , Park Dongkook , Oh Jihye , Yoon Sung‐Ho , Lee Cheng‐Kang , Sung Moon‐Hee , Shin Yeon‐Kyun , Yu Yeon Gyu 
Published: October 2014

AbstractDifficulties in the extraction of membrane proteins from cell membrane and their solubilization in native conformations have hindered their structural and biochemical analysis. To overcome these difficulties, an amphipathic polypeptide was synthesized by the conjugation of octyl and glucosyl groups to the carboxyl groups of poly‐γ‐glutamic acid (PGA). This polymer, called amphipathic PGA (APG), self‐assembles as mono‐disperse oligomers consisted of 4–5 monomers. APG shows significantly low value of critical micelle concentration and stabilization activity toward membrane proteins. Most of the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)‐solubilized membrane proteins from Escherichia coli remain soluble state in the presence of APG even after the removal of SDS. In addition, APG stabilizes purified 7 transmembrane proteins such as bacteriorhodopsin and human endothelin receptor Type A (ETA) in their active conformations. Furthermore, ETA in complex with APG is readily inserted into liposomes without disrupting the integrity of liposomes. These properties of APG can be applied to overcome the difficulties in the stabilization and reconstitution of membrane proteins.
Discovery and structural characterization of an allosteric inhibitor of bacterial cis‐prenyltransferase
Authors: Danley Dennis E. , Baima Eric T. , Mansour Mahmoud , Fennell Kimberly F. , Chrunyk Boris A. , Mueller John P. , Liu Shenping , Qiu Xiayang 
Published: October 2014

AbstractUndecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthase (UPPs) is an essential enzyme in a key bacterial cell wall synthesis pathway. It catalyzes the consecutive condensations of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) groups on to a trans‐farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) to produce a C55 isoprenoid, undecaprenyl pyrophosphate (UPP). Here we report the discovery and co‐crystal structures of a drug‐like UPPs inhibitor in complex with Streptococcus pneumoniae UPPs, with and without substrate FPP, at resolutions of 2.2 and 2.1 Å, respectively. The UPPs inhibitor has a low molecular weight (355 Da), but displays potent inhibition of UPP synthesis in vitro (IC50 50 nM) that translates into excellent whole cell antimicrobial activity against pathogenic strains of Streptococcal species (MIC90 0.4 µg mL−1). Interestingly, the inhibitor does not compete with the substrates but rather binds at a site adjacent to the FPP binding site and interacts with the tail of the substrate. Based on the structures, an allosteric inhibition mechanism of UPPs is proposed for this inhibitor. This inhibition mechanism is supported by biochemical and biophysical experiments, and provides a basis for the development of novel antibiotics targeting Streptococcus pneumoniae.