bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly stoichiometry-deviating chalcopyrite quantum dots: synthesis and copper defects-correlated photophysical properties
Authors: Xing Jiali , Wu Huaxin , Liang Tianyuan , Zhu Shiqing , Ling Qin , Fan Jiyang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Copper indium selenide (CISe) is a prototype infrared semiconductor with low toxicity and unique optical characteristics. Its quantum dots (QDs) accommodate ample intrinsic point defects which may actively participate in their rather complex photophysical processes. We synthesize CISe QDs with similar sizes but with distinct highly stoichiometry-deviating atomic ratios. The synthesis condition employing Se-rich precursors yields the Cu-deficient CISe QDs with special photophysical properties. The photoluminescence exhibits monotonic red shift from 680 to 775 nm when the ratio of Cu’s proportion to In’s decreases. The luminescence is found to stem from the copper vacancy and antisite defects. The CISe QDs exhibit Raman activity at 5.6, 6.9, and 8.7 THz that is separately assigned to Cu–Se and In–Se optical phonon modes and surface mode.
Regulating Anderson localization with structural defect disorder
Authors: Cheng 程 Mouyang 谋阳 , Chen 陈 Haoxiang 浩翔 , Chen 陈 Ji 基 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Localization due to disorder has been one of the most intriguing theoretical concepts that evolved in condensed matter physics. Here, we expand the theory of localization by considering two types of disorders at the same time, namely, the original Anderson’s disorder and the structural defect disorder, which has been suggested to be a key component in recently discovered two-dimensional amorphous materials. While increasing the degree of both disorders could induce localization of wavefunction in real space, we find that a small degree of structural defect disorder can significantly enhance the localization. As the degree of structural defect disorder increases, localized states quickly appear within the extended phase to enter a broad crossover region with mixed phases. We establish two-dimensional diagrams for the wavefunction localization and conductivity to highlight the interplay between the two types of disorders. Our theoretical model provides a comprehensive understanding of localization in two-dimensional amorphous materials and highlights the promising tunability of their transport properties.
The Evolution of Photospheric Current Density During an X9.3-Class Solar Flare
Authors: Li Hai-Li , Liang Hong-Fei , Zhou Xin-Ping , Liu Yu , Meng Ni , Feng Yu-Long 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper deduced the temporal evolution of the magnetic field through a series of high-resolution vector magnetograms and calculated the fine distribution map of current density during an X9.3-class flare eruptions using Ampère’s law. The results show that a pair of conjugate current ribbons exist on both sides of the magnetic neutral line in this active region, and these conjugate current ribbons persist before, during, and after the flare. It was observed that the X9.3-class flare brightened in the form of a bright core and evolved into a double-ribbon flare over time. Importantly, the position of the double-ribbon flare matches the position of the current ribbons with high accuracy, and their morphologies are very similar. By investigating the complexity of current density and flare morphology, we discovered a potential connection between the eruption of major flares and the characteristics of current density.
The Poetry Circuit
Authors: Howarth Peter B 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Live performance changed modern poetry by giving poets new audiences and a new way to make a living. It also generated new kinds of poetry, from Imagism to confessional to contemporary spoken word. Mixing close listening to archive performances with intimate histories of modernist venues and promotors, The Poetry Circuit tells the story of how poets met their public again, and how the feedback loops between voice, venue, and occasion turned the poems into running dramas between poet and listener. Caught on tape, a nervous T. S. Eliot reveals himself to be anything but impersonal, while Marianne Moore’s accident-prone readings keep her poems in constant re-draft. Robert Frost used his performances to spar with rivals and admirers, while Langston Hughes wrote Ask Your Mama to expose the prejudice circulating in the room as he spoke it. The Poetry Circuit also shows how the post-war reading boom made new kinds of poetry that involve their audience in the performance, such as John Ashbery’s anti-charismatic Poets’ Theatre, Amiri Baraka’s documentary soundtracks of the streets, and the confessional readings of Allen Ginsberg, which shame the listeners more than the poet. Covering the first seventy years of the poetry reading, The Poetry Circuit shows that there never were ‘page’ and ‘stage’ poets: the reading simply changed what every modern poet had to do.
Introduction
Authors: Howarth Peter B 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Reading on the poetry circuit changed how poetry happened. Poems now had to work within a risky and unpredictable situation where every word would be framed by the author’s body, the reading’s time, the audience’s social expectations, and the institutional powers bringing them together. Surveying readings by Wallace Stevens and W. H. Auden, this Introduction sets out how the live reading became a new poetic medium for the twentieth century, distinct from radio or recording, and why readings have remained something of a blind spot for literary criticism and theory. By involving the whole setting, the reading brought back the author to read their own poems, only to open up a challenge to what the ownership and authorship of poems was.
Projective and Receptive Verse
Authors: Howarth Peter B 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The notion that poetic ‘voice’ works in some basic opposition to print culture developed in the avant-garde, Beat, and Black Arts circles under the influence of Charles Olson and the Canadian oralists, and later some of their post-structuralist opponents. But its adoption as the page/stage divide of today maintains their split between reserved and immediate poetics, and dovetails with a dangerous ‘sonic colour line’. Opposing the oralists’ idea of voice as notion of the voice as unmediated communication, this chapter argues that the poetry reading works by feedback loops, where the poet’s voice goes out and return continually freighted with contextual information. The poet is involved in both expression and audience-formation, working with their surroundings and permeated by influences beyond their control—an idea closer to what Barthes and Derrida understood as voice and to Olson and Baraka’s actual practice. Performed poems should be recontextualized within the turn to poetries which reckon with surroundings and infrastructure, including print, site-specific, and immersive encounter.
Marianne Moore’s Performances
Authors: Howarth Peter B 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Marianne Moore began reading live halfway through her career, but her readings turned into opportunities to continue the modernist textuality of her earlier poems by mixing poems and commentary in continual change. Rather than celebrate past successes, she re-situated and re-edited the words so often that the effect was to keep the texts in permanent draft form, to the despair of her editors and the dismay of some of her fans. But Moore drew inspiration from her Bible classes in the textual history of the Old Testament prophets, which showed that scripture, too, could display the ongoing process of its being created and revised. Live performance then inspired the changes to her famous poem, ‘Poetry’, in order to keep it being heard as poetry. Each reading became only the latest in the series of goings-out and comings-back that had begun with Moore reading the drafts back to herself, and deciding that these would do, for now.
Poets’ Theatre
Authors: Howarth Peter B 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Poets’ Theatre was an important route for the European modernist avant-gardes in the 1920s to be rediscovered by American poets of the 1960s. Their experiments in multiply voiced poems which position the audience within the action offered novel possibilities for immersive poetry readings. This chapter traces the influence of the Cambridge Poets’ Theatre on Dylan Thomas’s debut of Under Milk Wood and the Living Theatre’s impact on John Ashbery, whose ‘environmental’ readings make the poem seem to be describing the audience listening to it. Amiri Baraka’s time with the New York Poets’ Theatre also comes through in the explosive poems of his under-acknowledged collection, Black Magic. During his most heated declarations of the black poet’s independence and need for control, Baraka’s part-improvised reading at UCLA in 1967 sets the listeners as if in the centre of a riotous protest, making his own resonant voice a theatre for the angry contest of white and black to play out.
Introduction
Authors: Amengual Matthew 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the central puzzle in the book. It begins with a vignette of two mines in Bolivia that had stark variation in their contributions to local development. The differences in these mines cannot be explained with reference to standard theories, such as efficacy of state regulation. The chapter introduces the concept of direct contestation as a central way of explaining this puzzle. Direct contestation is unmediated conflict between firms and actors in society that results in redistribution that is not channeled through formal institutions. The chapter concludes by laying out the arc of the book, which first develops the theory and then empirically interrogates it through six case studies.
A Theory of Direct Contestation
Authors: Amengual Matthew 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter develops a theory of direct contestation. It begins by differentiating the concept of direct contestation from other related concepts, such as private politics. The chapter then describes the different possible outcomes that can arise from direct contestation, placing them on a continuum from inclusive to targeted distribution. This treatment of outcomes builds on work on political patronage and clientelism. The chapter then elaborates a detailed argument relating direct contestation to these outcomes. The theory focuses on the cohesion or fragmentation of groups that contest firms, as well as the strategic choices made by firms when confronting political pressure. The chapter contrasts the expectations of this theory with a set of alternative approaches that are dominant in debates. It concludes with an overview of the research design and empirical methods employed in the book.
Defending against Predation above and below Ground
Authors: Amengual Matthew 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter analyses a pair of underground mines in Bolivia, Porco and San Carlos. Both mines faced threats of expropriation by the Bolivian state, and both came under pressure from small-scale cooperative miners that sought to take portion of the firms’ mineral deposits. Yet conflict led to different distributive outcomes across the two cases. In Porco, as conflict became more intense, the firm abandoned local development projects and focused on supporting allies and compensating foes. In San Carlos, the firm maintained inclusive development programs in the face of conflict. This chapter highlights the ways in which the organization of interests and strategies of firms interact to influence outcomes.
One Firm, Two Distributive Outcomes
Authors: Amengual Matthew 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter turns to a pair of mines located in Peru. Both mines were owned and operated by the same, domestic company. The Peruvian context provides a contrast to the previous cases because the state has been more supportive of firms. Yet, the firm was still subject to intense political pressure from various local actors. In both cases, the firm privileged actions that would further fragment the societal groups that challenged it. In one case, societal groups nevertheless became incrementally more cohesive and were able to extract benefits for large swaths of the community out of the firm. In the other case, fragmentation and polarization became extreme. The firm faced constant fighting among factions for particularistic benefits and was unable to convert investments in social services into support for the firm.
Conclusion
Authors: Amengual Matthew 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter concludes the book by revisiting the central puzzle. What explains variation in the relationship between pressure on firms and distributive outcomes? This question is central to understanding how to embed markets in society, especially in contexts where state institutions are weak. The chapter reviews the main arguments of the book. First, it claims that when firms become targets of social pressure, they can engage redistribution and self-regulation that is consequential and varied. The actions of firms go well beyond internalizing externalities and a distributive lens sheds light on the varying outcomes that result. Furthermore, in evaluating the actions of firms in response to social pressure, we need to look beyond whether they concede to pressure and ask how firms influence the organization of interests that contest them. The chapter then considers the role of the state and societal groups, examining what they can do to enable and shape direct contestation. It concludes by noting the difficult pathway to inclusive and sustained local development through direct contestation.
Like a Thunderbolt
Authors: Zavadivker Polly 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Russia’s Jews mobilized as part of Russian society in 1914 to go to war. The first battles at the front crossed territories in Russian Poland and the Pale of Settlement, unleashing patterns of civilian flight and resettlement in the early months of the war. Like their Slavic neighbors, many Jews suffered from the economic upheavals wrought by military conflict, martial law, and the paralysis of trade and international markets. Civilians fled from fear of enemy occupation and hunger, and soldiers’ families sought to remain subjects of the empire in whose army their men had been called to serve. As smaller towns and Jewish communities (shtetls) were plunged into economic and social chaos, urban population centers in Minsk, Vilnius, and Warsaw emerged as sites of refuge for masses of displaced Jews. Community leaders lacked any precedents or models for practicing ethnic welfare on a scale of tens of thousands of people. This unprecedented humanitarian crisis prompted an improvised and at times fraught reinvention of local institutions and practices rooted in religious charity.
Between Two Plagues
Authors: Zavadivker Polly 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the causes and courses of Russian army violence against Jews in 1914–1915, along with Jewish responses to those attacks. Military antisemitism manifested in various practices aimed to preemptively remove Jews as alleged threats from large areas of the front. Army units took thousands of hostages, expelled well over a quarter of a million people, and committed dozens of pogroms in both occupied Galicia and the Pale. The chapter explains how libelous rumors that depicted Jews as internal enemies became popular among soldiers and their Christian neighbors. It then turns to accounts of hostage-taking, deportations, and the first instance of military pogroms in Russian history. Even as largely powerless victims of state and popular violence, Jews still attempted to exercise limited forms of agency. Grassroots responses included cultural resistance, subversive storytelling, and spontaneous self-defense efforts.
A Sacred Duty
Authors: Zavadivker Polly 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
As Jewish civilians in front zones experienced mass displacement and violence, a dynamic Jewish humanitarian campaign emerged at the home front. Its leaders, including residents of the imperial capital Petrograd and other cities in the Russian interior, constituted an elite group, just 6 percent of Russia’s total Jewish population. They mobilized their considerable wealth, expertise, and political contacts to systematically aid fellow Jews in the Pale. The central institution they built received state support and recognition as a national relief committee. It attracted a cadre of young, talented Jewish nationalists who traveled around the front to organize unemployment relief, food supply, housing, medical care, and transportation. In their capacity as community organizers at a time of collective existential crisis, these workers replaced some of the wealthy and rabbinic elites who had absconded from their leadership duties. Wartime relief work among refugees and other war victims elevated secular philanthropy and progressive public service into normative and even valorized aspects of East European Jewish life and culture.
Experiments in Resettlement
Authors: Zavadivker Polly 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Jewish national relief organizations mobilized to provide unemployment relief and education for refugees who resettled far beyond the Pale, in regions of Russia’s black earth and Volga provinces and as far east as the trans-Baikal. The stakes for refugee relief seemed very high, as aid workers viewed the dissolution of the Pale as an existential crisis and threat to Jewish national survival in the Russian Empire. The terms of resettlement and relief, and the attempt to recreate Jewish communities in the Russian interior, was continuously negotiated between settled communities, nationalist aid workers, Jewish elites, and refugees themselves. The chapter explores the politicized agendas behind labor relief, education, language choice, and housing for refugees in the Russian interior. Refugees responded to the “experiments” to modify their cultural and economic habits by defending their own needs and interests.
Women without Men
Authors: Zavadivker Polly 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The language of the wartime Russian and Yiddish press often depicted Jewish refugees as consisting solely of single women, children, and the elderly. Sometimes they appeared as proverbial “weeping women” in desperate need, or, by virtue of their homelessness, as threats to established communities and domestic ideals. This trope had value in helping to mobilize public sympathy for war victims, but it belied the complexity of what both women and men really endured. This chapter contrasts the binary tropes used to depict Jewish women with records that reveal far more ambiguous experiences. Census data, personal correspondence, and accounts in the press reveal the presence of men among Jewish refugees, as well as women’s many and varied responses, both in public and private, to the gender-specific challenges they faced during the war. As soldiers’ wives, refugees, heads of households, nurses and doctors, teachers, relief workers, prostitutes, and crusaders against prostitution, Jewish women pursued their interests and coped with wartime hardships.
Area-level credit scores and symptoms of depression and anxiety in adults
Authors: Ettman Catherine K , Goicoechea Elena Badillo , Stuart Elizabeth A , Dean Lorraine T 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Area-level credit scores may capture aspects of a neighborhood’s resources and history that may affect population mental health beyond income and other demographic determinants. Using a sample of 511 363 adults in 1438 Pennsylvania ZIP codes who completed the COVID-19 Trends and Impact Survey, we assessed the relationship between area-level VantageScores (9 categories from &lt;675 to ≥850) and individual mental health. We estimate odds and predicted probability of depression and anxiety symptoms, adjusting for demographics and median household income. Given a history of discrimination and unequal access to the benefits of assets, we assess whether the relationship between area credit scores and individual mental health was different for different gender, age, race and ethnicity, and education groups. Persons who lived in ZIP codes with average credit scores of 700-725 reported 1.31 (95% CI, 1.13-1.52) and 1.22 (95% CI, 1.07-1.40) times the odds of frequent feelings of depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively, relative to persons living in ZIP codes with an average area level credit score ≥850. This translated to a difference of 2.8 and 2.5 percentage points in the predicted probability of symptoms of depression and anxiety, respectively, for persons living in lower vs higher area credit score ZIP codes. Stratified models appeared to show differences in the association of depression and anxiety with credit scores across demographic groups, but tests of interaction did not show significant differences between most groups. Findings suggest that area credit scores may capture assets that shape mental health over and above income and other demographic determinants.
Heterogeneous biomedical entity representation learning for gene–disease association prediction
Authors: Meng Zhaohan , Liu Siwei , Liang Shangsong , Jani Bhautesh , Meng Zaiqiao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Understanding the genetic basis of disease is a fundamental aspect of medical research, as genes are the classic units of heredity and play a crucial role in biological function. Identifying associations between genes and diseases is critical for diagnosis, prevention, prognosis, and drug development. Genes that encode proteins with similar sequences are often implicated in related diseases, as proteins causing identical or similar diseases tend to show limited variation in their sequences. Predicting gene–disease association (GDA) requires time-consuming and expensive experiments on a large number of potential candidate genes. Although methods have been proposed to predict associations between genes and diseases using traditional machine learning algorithms and graph neural networks, these approaches struggle to capture the deep semantic information within the genes and diseases and are dependent on training data. To alleviate this issue, we propose a novel GDA prediction model named FusionGDA, which utilizes a pre-training phase with a fusion module to enrich the gene and disease semantic representations encoded by pre-trained language models. Multi-modal representations are generated by the fusion module, which includes rich semantic information about two heterogeneous biomedical entities: protein sequences and disease descriptions. Subsequently, the pooling aggregation strategy is adopted to compress the dimensions of the multi-modal representation. In addition, FusionGDA employs a pre-training phase leveraging a contrastive learning loss to extract potential gene and disease features by training on a large public GDA dataset. To rigorously evaluate the effectiveness of the FusionGDA model, we conduct comprehensive experiments on five datasets and compare our proposed model with five competitive baseline models on the DisGeNet-Eval dataset. Notably, our case study further demonstrates the ability of FusionGDA to discover hidden associations effectively. The complete code and datasets of our experiments are available at https://github.com/ZhaohanM/FusionGDA.