bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling of the groundwater hydrological behaviour of the Langueyú creek basin by using N‐way multivariate methods
Authors: Barranquero Rosario Soledad , Pardo Rafael , Varni Marcelo , de Galarreta Alejandro Ruiz , Vega Marisol 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe groundwater hydrochemical behaviour of the Langueyú creek basin (Argentina) has been evaluated through a systematic survey, followed by application of hydrological and chemometric multivariate techniques. Ten physicochemical parameters were determined in groundwater samples collected from 26 wells during four sampling campaigns (June 2010; October 2010; February 2011 and June 2011), originating a tridimensional experimental dataset X. Univariate statistical and graphical hydrochemical tools (contour maps and Piper diagrams) applied to individual campaigns, allowed to reach some preliminary conclusions. However, a best visualization of the aquifer behaviour was achieved by applying Principal Component Analysis (MA‐PCA) and N‐way PCA procedures, Parallel Factor Analysis and Tucker3. Results were consistent with two‐term models, being Tucker3 [2 2 1] the most adequate, explaining a large amount of the dataset variance (50.7%) with a low complexity. The first Tucker3 [1 1 1] interaction (38.2% of variance) is related with (i) calcium/magnesium versus sodium/potassium ion exchange processes; (ii) an increase of ionic concentration and (iii) a decrease of nitrate pollution, all processes along the direction of the groundwater flow. The second [2 2 1] interaction (12.5% of variance), accounts for the predominant role played by conductivity, bicarbonate and magnesium in the dataset. The seasonal variations are closely related to concentration/dilution phenomena originated by the variations of the phreatic levels, although this point will require additional sampling to establish a definitive hydrochemical model. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester synergistically enhances docetaxel and paclitaxel cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Tolba Mai F. , Esmat Ahmed , Al‐Abd Ahmed M. , Azab Samar S. , Khalifa Amani E. , Mosli Hisham A. , Abdel‐Rahman Sherif Z. , Abdel‐Naim Ashraf B. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractEvidence is growing for the beneficial role of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM) in prostate diseases. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a promising component of propolis that possesses SERM activity. This study aimed at investigating the modulatory impact of CAPE on docetaxel (DOC) and paclitaxel (PTX) cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells and exploring the possible underlying mechanisms for this chemomodulation. CAPE significantly increased DOC and PTX potency in PC‐3, DU‐145 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Combination index calculations showed synergistic interaction of CAPE/DOC and CAPE/PTX cotreatments in all the tested cell lines. Subsequent mechanistic studies in PC‐3 cells indicated that cyclin D1 and c‐myc were significantly reduced in the combined treatment groups with concurrent increase in p27kip. DNA‐ploidy analysis indicated a significant increase in the percentage of cells in pre‐G1 in CAPE/DOC and CAPE/PTX cotreatments. Decreased Bcl‐2/Bax ratio together with increased caspase‐3 activity and protein abundance were observed in the same groups. Estrogen receptor‐β (ER‐β) and its downstream tumor suppressor forkhead box O1 levels were significantly elevated in CAPE and combination groups compared to DOC or PTX‐alone. ER‐α and insulin‐like growth factor‐1 receptor protein abundance were reduced in the same groups. CAPE significantly reduced AKT, ERK and ER‐α (Ser‐167) phosphorylation in PC‐3 cells. CAPE‐induced inhibition of AKT phosphorylation was more prominent (1.7‐folds higher) in cells expressing ER‐α such as PC‐3 compared to LNCaP. In conclusion, CAPE enhances the antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of DOC and PTX in prostate cancer cells. This can be, at least partly, attributed to CAPE augmentation of DOC and PTX proapoptotic effects in addition to CAPE‐induced alterations in ER‐α and ER‐β abundance. © 2013 IUBMB Life, 65(8):716–729, 2013
Phthalates efficiently bind to human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor and retinoid X receptor α, β, γ subtypes: an in silico approach
Authors: Sarath Josh M. K. , Pradeep S. , Vijayalekshmi Amma K. S. , Balachandran S. , Abdul Jaleel U. C. , Doble Mukesh , Spener Friedrich , Benjamin Sailas 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThis exhaustive in silico study looks into the molecular interactions of phthalates and their metabolites with human peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (hPPAR) and retinoid X receptor (hRXR) α, β and γ subtypes – the nuclear receptor proteins function as transcription factors by regulating the expression of downstream genes. Apart from the much discussed plasticizer bisphenol A, we examined the binding affinities of 15 common diphthalates and their monophthalates, natural (linoleic acid, conjugated linoleic acid) and synthetic (bezafibrate, pioglitazone, GW 50156) ligands with hPPARs. In addition to these phthalates, specific natural (retinoic and phytanic acids) and synthetic (bexarotene, rosiglitazone) ligands were examined with hRXRs. The Maestro, Schrödinger Suite 2012 was used for the molecular docking study. In general, natural ligands of hPPAR showed less binding efficiencies than phthalic acid esters and drugs. The diphthalate di‐iso‐decyl phthalate showed the highest G score (–9.99) with hPPAR (γ), while its monophthalate (mono‐iso‐decyl phthalate) showed a comparatively less G score (–9.56). Though the PPAR modulator GW 50156 showed strong affinity with all hPPAR subtypes, its highest G score (–12.43) was with hPPARβ. Hazardous di(2‐ethylhexyl)phthalate generally showed a greater preference to hRXRs than hPPARs, but its highest G score (–10.87) was with hRXRα; while its monophthalate (Mono(2‐ethylhexyl)phthalate) showed a lesser G score (–8.59). The drug bexarotene showed the highest G score (–13.32) with hRXRβ. Moreover, bisphenol A showed more affinity towards hRXR. Briefly, this study gives an overview on the preference of phthalic acid esters, natural and synthetic ligands on to hPPAR and hRXR subtypes, which would lead to further in vitro mechanistic as well as in vivo preclinical and clinical studies. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel method for early signs of clinical shock detection by monitoring blood capillary/vessel spatial pattern
Authors: Kanawade Rajesh , Klämpfl Florian , Riemann Max , Knipfer Christian , Tangermann‐Gerk Katja , Schmidt Michael , Stelzle Florian 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe ability to monitor capillary/vessel spatial patterns and local blood volume fractions is critical in clinical shock detection and its prevention in Intensive Care Units (ICU). Although the causes of shock might be different, the basic abnormalities in pathophysiological changes are the same. To detect these changes, we have developed a novel method based on both spectrally and spatially resolved diffuse reflectance spectra. The preliminary study has shown that this method can monitor the spatial distribution of capillary/vessel spatial patterns through local blood volume fractions of reduced hemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin. This method can be used as a real‐time and non‐invasive tool for the monitoring of shock development and feedback on the therapeutic intervention. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Photocatalytic inactivation of biofilms on bioactive dental adhesives
Authors: Cai Yanling , Strømme Maria , Melhus Åsa , Engqvist Håkan , Welch Ken 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBiofilms are the most prevalent mode of microbial life in nature and are 10–1000 times more resistant to antibiotics than planktonic bacteria. Persistent biofilm growth associated at the margin of a dental restoration often leads to secondary caries, which remains a challenge in restorative dentistry. In this work, we present the first in vitro evaluation of on‐demand photocatalytic inactivation of biofilm on a novel dental adhesive containing TiO2 nanoparticles. Streptococcus mutans biofilm was cultured on this photocatalytic surface for 16 h before photocatalytic treatment with ultraviolet‐A (UV‐A) light. UV‐A doses ranging from 3 to 43 J/cm2 were applied to the surface and the resulting viability of biofilms was evaluated with a metabolic activity assay incorporating phenol red that provided a quantitative measure of the reduction in viability due to the photocatalytic treatments. We show that an UV‐A irradiation dose of 8.4 J/cm2 leads to one order of magnitude reduction in the number of biofilm bacteria on the surface of the dental adhesives while as much as 5–6 orders of magnitude reduction in the corresponding number can be achieved with a dose of 43 J/cm2. This material maintains its functional properties as an adhesive in restorative dentistry while offering the possibility of a novel dental procedure in the treatment or prevention of bacterial infections via on‐demand UV‐A irradiation. Similar materials could be developed for the treatment of additional indications such as peri‐implantits. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 62–67, 2014.
Breakdown of Born‐Oppenheimer Approximation as a Physical Mechanism for Ultrafast Hydrogen Migrations in Strong Laser Driven Molecules
Authors: Mineo Hirobumi , Chao Sheng D. , Kato Tsuyoshi , Yamanouchi Kaoru 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWe propose a physical mechanism based on breakdown of the Born‐Oppenheimer approximation to rationalize the ultrafast hydrogen migration in strong laser driven isomerization reactions. A three nuclei (proton, donor, and acceptor) model is employed to develop a three step solution scheme. The proton‐donor Coulomb repulsion is shown to be responsible for the high proton mobility. We identify a proton tunneling process and use the Keldysh‐Faisal‐Reiss theory to calculate the tunneling probability. The effect of laser parameters (intensity, frequency, polarization, and pulse duration) has been studied and found to be consistent with recent experiments.
Monte Carlo modeling of north‐south asymmetries in Mercury's sodium exosphere
Authors: Schmidt Carl A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractGround‐based observations and MESSENGER's first flyby show persistent asymmetries in Mercury's neutral sodium tail, with brightest emission often seen in the northern lobe. This feature may be associated with the recent finding that the magnetic dipole moment is offset from the planet's center by 0.2 RM to the north, while approximately aligned with the spin axis. Such a configuration produces an asymmetry in the magnetosphere cusp whereby more plasma has direct access to the planet's southern hemisphere than the north. Using 3‐D numerical modeling, it is demonstrated that ion precipitation, enhanced in the south, can result in the observed Na emission profiles across the tail that are brighter to the north. However, sources located at high‐latitude cusp footprints on the dayside are unable to match the observed width of the brightness profiles across the tail. Instead, these simulations provide evidence for lower latitude sources on the dawnside, resulting from the accumulation of sodium during the long Mercury night. Photodesorption, rather than ion sputtering, is determined to be the responsible mechanism for this population's release and escape from the planet's surface.
Sawtooth‐substorm connections: A closer look
Authors: Noah M. A. , Burke W. J. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis paper seeks to improve understanding of sawtooth events (STEs) that occur during the main phases of geomagnetic storms. We consider the dynamics of diverse space environments encountered during a magnetic storm on 24 March 2002 when four STEs were identified in energetic particle fluxes measured by Synchronous Orbit Particle Analyzers on Los Alamos National Laboratory satellites. Over the reported interval, 28 substorms were identified in magnetometer traces obtained via the SuperMAG international collaboration. Magnetic inclination variations sampled by the Geostationary Operational Environment Satellites 8 and 10 on the nightside indicate that STEs coincided with substorms marked by strong and prolonged dipolarizations. Significantly, the four STEs were accompanied by partial recoveries of the SYM‐H index. Two SuperMAG substorms were marked by weak dipolarizations and energetic particle flux increases. The remaining 22 substorms showed no such signatures near 6.6 RE. We regard the latter SuperMAG events as indicating intensifications of the DP 2 current system driven by episodically enhanced reconnection at the distant X line. Presented data are shown to be consistent with the conjecture of Huang et al. () that STEs occur only after open flux in the magnetotail exceeds a critical level near 109 Wb. During STEs, significant quantities of open flux were removed from the magnetotail at near‐Earth reconnection lines. It took ~3 h to eject plasmoids and replenish open flux in the magnetotail to a critical level via continued dayside merging, thereby driving quasi‐cyclic STE occurrences.
Northern Hemisphere summer temperature and specific humidity anomalies from two reanalyses
Authors: Gill Emily C. , Chase Thomas N. , Pielke Roger A. , Wolter Klaus 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis study investigates the magnitude and spatial extent of extreme summer temperature and specific humidity events in the extratropical northern hemisphere (NHEXT) using the NCEP Reanalysis (1979–2012) and the 20th century reanalysis (1871–2010). Specifically, we look at the percentage of area exceeding standard deviation thresholds in layer‐averaged (500 mb–1000 mb) temperature and surface‐level specific humidity to classify extremes. We find that: (1) areas of the NHEXT, including the southwestern tip of Greenland, experienced a summer heat wave during 2012 that was almost as extreme in spatial extent and magnitude as the Russian heat wave of 2010, (2) there is an increasing trend in summer heat waves and positive specific humidity anomalies and a decreasing trend in summer cold waves and negative specific humidity anomalies, and (3) while similar patterns in the global trend (1979–2012) in variability exist for both temperature and specific humidity, areas of increased variability are not necessarily the areas that have experienced extreme heat waves.
Mechanisms of dust emission from Pleistocene loess deposits, Nebraska, USA
Authors: Sweeney Mark R. , Mason Joseph A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractSaltation bombardment is commonly believed to be the primary mechanism by which large quantities of dust can be generated. Direct entrainment of silt, on the other hand, is thought to generate minimal quantities of dust. If so, loess landscapes should rarely be major sources of dust unless disturbed by human activity. To test the mechanisms by which loess can be eroded by the wind, we used the Portable In‐Situ Wind Erosion Lab (PI‐SWERL). PI‐SWERL tests were conducted on benches that were carved into loess at field locations. Coarse to fine loess was also collected and tested in a controlled setting using (1) dry, unconsolidated loess and (2) crusted loess. Results indicate that in most cases, the threshold friction velocity for silt is less than that for sand and that most dust generation occurs by direct entrainment of dust. Saltation, even in coarse loess, was nonexistent to intermittent. In a few cases, saltation of sand or soil aggregates preceded dust generation or enhanced emissions after direct entrainment began. Emission fluxes of loess are potentially high in both proximal and distal settings, suggesting that loess is easily entrainable if vegetation density is low. We hypothesize that an arid and windy climate of the late Pleistocene, paired with lower vegetation density, facilitated large‐scale erosion of Peoria Loess in Nebraska to generate wind‐aligned ridges and troughs. More broadly, our results indicate that loess landscapes have the potential to be major sources as well as sinks of dust.
Quality evaluation of cook‐chilled chicory stems (Cichorium intybus L., Catalogna group) by conventional and sousvide cooking methods
Authors: Renna Massimiliano , Gonnella Maria , Giannino Donato , Santamaria Pietro 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDChicory stems, appreciated both raw and cooked, represent a nutritious and refined food. In this study the effects on the quality of stems cooked by conventional (boiling, steaming and microwaving) and innovative (sous vide) methods were analysed. Several physical, chemical and sensory traits were compared using two local varieties (Galatina and Molfettese) of southern Italy (Puglia region).RESULTSIndependently of the variety, the sous vide method did not significantly affect (redness, yellowness and hue angle) or had the least impact on (lightness and total colour difference) quality parameters among the four methods as compared with the raw product. Following sensory analysis, the sous vide product always showed the highest score among the cooking methods. Moreover, this innovative method did not affect total phenol (TP) content and antioxidant activity (AA) compared with uncooked stems of both varieties. Microwaving increased TP content and AA (though associated with higher weight loss), while different responses depending on the chicory variety were observed after boiling and steaming.CONCLUSIONThe results indicate the sous vide technique as optimal to preserve several traits, including organoleptic ones, for the quality of cook‐chilled chicory stems. They also provide product‐specific information usually required for cooking process strategies in the industrial sector of ready‐to‐eat vegetables. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of display method, number of message lines, and text colour on Chinese comprehension and subjective preferences for an LED display
Authors: So Joey C. Y. , Chan Alan H. S. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of display method, number of message lines and text colour on comprehension performance and subjective preferences for reading Chinese on a light‐emitting diode display. The factors and levels studied were: two text display methods (rapid serial visual presentation ‘rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP)’ and paged view scrolling), four numbers of message lines displayed at a time (one to four lines) and three text colours (amber, green and red). The RSVP method resulted in higher comprehension scores than the paged view scrolling method, and the green text produced better comprehension score than amber or red. However, the paged view scrolling received better subjective evaluation ratings than the RSVP method. A multiline display was found to be superior to a single‐line display for both comprehension scores and subjective evaluations. The results here provide useful ergonomics recommendations for choice of appropriate display method and format setting for presenting Chinese messages on light‐emitting diode displays.
Toward Controlling the Formation, Degradation Behavior, and Properties of Hydrogels Synthesized by Aza‐Michael Reactions
Authors: Southan Alexander , Mateescu Markus , Hagel Valentin , Bach Monika , Schuh Christian , Kleinhans Claudia , Kluger Petra J. , Tussetschläger Stefan , Nuss Isabell , Haraszti Tamás , Wegner Seraphine V. , Spatz Joachim P. , Boehm Heike , Laschat Sabine , Tovar Günter E. M. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe aza‐Michael reaction of amino‐functionalized polymers with acrylate and acrylamide crosslinkers for the formation of hydrogels is investigated. It is studied how far the reaction conditions (pH value, chemical structures of the compounds involved) influence the crosslinking and degradation rate of the gels. When crosslinking the polymer poly(1‐glycidylpiperazine), high pH values lead to fast crosslinking. Fast degradation of β‐aminoester crosslinks is observed when acrylate crosslinkers are used due to a neighboring group effect. With acrylamide crosslinkers, hydrolytically stable gels are formed, in which the shear moduli and swelling ratio can be adjusted and in which the extracts show no toxic effect on primary human fibroblasts, making them a promising material for biotechnological applications.magnified image
In Silico Prediction of Mechanism of Action for Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Whitebay E. A. , Gasem K. A. M. , Neely B. J. , Ramsey J. D. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractCancer is currently the second leading cause of death in the U.S. and is projected to become the principal cause in the near future. While radiation and surgery are common cancer treatment methods, chemotherapy remains a key treatment option, offering distinct advantages over other therapy options, especially in the management of metastasized tumors. Understanding the mechanism of action (MoA) of current and newly developed drugs is crucial to ongoing drug development research. Foreknowledge of how a candidate drug works can yield a wealth of information, including which cancers a drug may treat more effectively based on the susceptibility of the cancer to drugs with the same MoA. Previous studies concerning prediction of MoA have relied on costly experimental measurements as input for their predictions. We have developed an a priori quantitative structure‐activity relationship (QSAR) for the in silico prediction of MoA without the need for experimental measurements. This model enables us to relate structural features of a chemical to its efficacy with a predictive accuracy of over 80 %, thus identifying the MoA of a candidate drug without costly, time‐consuming experimental tests.
Semilinear structural damped waves
Authors: D'Abbicco M. , Reissig M. 
Published: July 2013

We study the Cauchy problem for the semilinear structural damped wave equation with source term
urn:x-wiley:01704214:media:mma2913:mma2913-math-0001with σ ∈ (0,1] in space dimension n ≥ 2 and with a positive constant μ. We are interested in the influence of σ on the critical exponent pcrit in | f(u) | ≈ | u | p. This critical exponent is the threshold between global existence in time of small data solutions and blow‐up behavior for some suitable range of p. Our results are optimal for σ = 1 ∕ 2. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A wireless capsule robot with spiral legs for human intestine
Authors: Chen Wenwen , Yan Guozheng , Wang Zhiwu , Jiang Pingping , Liu Hua 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundAs an attractive alternative to traditional diagnostic techniques, wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) can be considered a disruptive technology.MethodsThis paper presents a wirelessly powered micro‐robot based on the Archimedes spiral with high integration of an active locomotion module.ResultsA WCE prototype was fabricated and tested. Including the video camera and end cap, the outer dimensions of the capsule were diameter (Φ) 16 mm, length 45 mm. Experiments demonstrated that the anchoring force can overcome 2.6 N wrap force on each leg. The anchoring force was improved to 1.486 with textured legs. A series of ex vivo experiments evaluated capsule performance and ability to traverse the intestine at an average speed of 2.3 cm/min. The wireless power transmission utilized a cylinder ferrite‐core in the receiving coil‐set, which significantly improved the coupling efficiency (to 12%) in the direction close (and parallel) to the transmitting coil.ConclusionsAlthough improvements of the wireless power transmission should target increased stability, this WCE device is both safe and practical for endoscopy. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.