bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic single‐cell analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae under process perturbation: comparison of different methods for monitoring the intensity of population heterogeneity
Authors: Delvigne Frank , Baert Jonathan , Gofflot Sébastien , Lejeune Annick , Telek Samuel , Johanson Ted , Lantz Anna Eliasson 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDSingle cell biology has attracted a lot of attention in recent years and has led to numerous fundamental results pointing out the heterogeneity of clonal cell populations. In this context, microbial phenotypic heterogeneity under bioprocessing conditions needs to be further investigated. In this study, yeast based processes have been investigated by using on‐line flow cytometry (FC) in combination with a fluorescent transcriptional reporter (GFP) and viability fluorescence tags (propidium iodide, PI). Methods aiming at expressing the dispersion of these fluorescence tags among the yeast populations have been investigated for different bioreactor operating conditions.RESULTSYeast viability was determined on the basis of PI uptake. Segregation between PI negative and positive subpopulations could be efficiently quantified on the basis of the mean‐to‐median ratio or the amplitude of the interquartile range. On the other hand, the same quantification could not be made for the segregation occurring at the level of GFP synthesis. Indeed, when cells were exposed to sub‐lethal or mild stresses (such as in scale‐down reactors) two GFP subpopulations could be visualized by real‐time FC, but quantification by one of the above‐mentioned methods was not possible.CONCLUSIONSYeast population heterogeneity was observed in representative bioreactor operating conditions. Difficulties for the determination of segregation at the level of GFP synthesis point out the fact that one needs to understand the segregation mechanisms for the applied fluorescent reporters, to judge whether simple mathematical tools may be applied or if more sophisticated computational tools are needed for quantification of the microbial population segregation. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
A relatively simple scaling method for describing the unsaturated hydraulic functions of stony soils
Authors: Hlaváčiková Hana , Novák Viliam 
Published: May 2014

AbstractFew if any methods exist to estimate the effects of stone content (stoniness) on the unsaturated soil hydraulic properties. A relatively simple scaling method is presented to estimate the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated stony soils having different stone contents. A key assumption of the method is that van Genuchten's water retention parameters α and n of the fine soil fraction are the same as those of the stony soil. The method further assumes a linearly decreasing relationship between the saturated hydraulic conductivity and the stone content, based on previous numerical simulations. Using the proposed method, it is possible to calculate the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated stony soils, knowing the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the fine soil fraction, the retention curve of the fine soil fraction, and the particular stoniness of the soil.
Identification of unresolved complex mixtures (UCMs) of hydrocarbons in commercial fish oil supplements
Authors: Reid Anna‐Jean M , Budge Suzanne M 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDHeightened awareness of the health benefits of fish oil consumption has led to a great increase in the number of fish oil supplements available to the consumer. Therefore manufacturers are continually looking for ways to distinguish their products from those of competitors. Minimally refined or virgin fish oils provide a unique feature; however, petroleum hydrocarbon contamination from oil spills is a reality in the world's oceans. The question arises whether oil produced from fish species caught in these polluted areas is free of petroleum hydrocarbons, with particular interest in unresolved complex mixtures (UCMs). This study investigates the presence of UCMs in commercially available fish oil supplements advertised as being virgin, as well as refined.RESULTSWeathered petroleum hydrocarbons in the form of a UCM were found at 523 µg g−1 in a virgin Alaskan salmon oil supplement. Supplements that were refined were free of this contamination.CONCLUSIONFish used in the production of fish oil supplements appear to have accumulated petrogenic hydrocarbons in their tissues which were not removed by minimal oil refining. Further study is required to determine if there are any health implications associated with long‐term consumption of these contaminated supplements. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Sleep Disorders in Atypical Parkinsonism
Authors: Abbott Sabra M. , Videnovic Aleksandar 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSleep disorders are commonly observed in atypical parkinsonism, with particular disorders occurring more frequently in specific parkinsonian disorders. Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a synucleinopathy often associated with nocturnal stridor, which is a serious, but treatable, condition highly specific to MSA. In addition, this disorder is strongly associated with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), which is also observed in dementia with Lewy bodies. RBD is far less prevalent in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), which is a tauopathy. Insomnia and impaired sleep architecture are the most common sleep abnormalities observed in PSP. Corticobasilar degeneration is also a tauopathy, but has far fewer sleep complaints associated with it than PSP. In this article, we review the spectrum of sleep dysfunction across the atypical parkinsonian disorders, emphasize the importance of evaluating for sleep disorders in patients with parkinsonian symptoms, and point to sleep characteristics that can provide diagnostic clues to the underlying parkinsonian disorder.
Metabolic response to folate supplementation in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled clinical trial
Authors: Asemi Zatollah , Karamali Maryam , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad 
Published: May 2014

ScopeThis study was conducted to determine the effects of folate supplementation on metabolic profiles in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Methods and resultsThis randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled clinical trial was conducted among 81 obese women (weight range: 65–110 kg) aged 18–40 year old diagnosed with PCOS. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups receiving: (1) Folate‐1: 1 mg/day folate supplements (n = 27); (2) Folate‐5: 5 mg/day folate supplements (n = 27), and (3) placebo (n = 27) for 8 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after 8 weeks’ intervention to quantify glucose metabolism and lipid concentrations. Folate supplementation (5 mg), compared with folate‐1 and placebo, resulted in reduced plasma homocysteine (p‐interaction = 0.009), homeostasis model of assessment‐insulin resistance score (p‐interaction = 0.01), and total cholesterol/HDL‐C ratio (p‐interaction = 0.01). Furthermore, we found a significant difference in mean change of serum total cholesterol (p‐interaction = 0.01), LDL‐ (p‐interaction = 0.007), and non‐HDL‐cholesterol levels (p = 0.01) in the folate‐5 group compared with folate‐1 and placebo.Conclusion5 mg/day folate supplementation for 8 weeks among women with PCOS had beneficial effects on metabolic profiles.
Load‐controlled moderate and high‐intensity resistance training programs provoke similar strength gains in young women
Authors: Alegre Luis M. , Aguado Xavier , Rojas‐Martín Diego , Martín‐García María , Ara Ignacio , Csapo Robert 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTIntroduction: While current exercise guidelines recommend progressive, high‐intensity resistance training (RT) to promote muscle hypertrophy and strength gains, controversy exists regarding the efficacy of lighter‐load RT. We compared 2 work‐matched RT interventions that differed in training intensity. Methods: Fifteen women underwent 10 weeks of unilateral knee extensor RT. One leg was trained at increasing intensity (intensity leg, InL, 50–80% 1‐repetition maximum [1‐RM]), and training progression in the contralateral leg (volume leg, VoL, 50% 1‐RM) was based on increasing training volumes. Quadriceps muscle size (ultrasound, dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry) and strength (isokinetic dynamometry) were assessed on 4 occasions. Results: Both training programs induced significant, yet comparable increases in muscle size (InL: +4.6–12%, VoL: +3.1–11%) and strength (InL: +10–16%, VoL: +10–14%). Conclusions: Training at lower than commonly suggested intensities may be an equally effective alternative form of RT. Factors other than training intensity, such as the total mechanical work during training, may strongly affect the training response. Muscle Nerve 51: 92–101, 2015
Severe and extreme idiopathic median nerve lesions at the wrist: New insights into electrodiagnostic patterns and review of the literature
Authors: Seror Paul , Seror Raphaéle 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTIntroduction: We evaluated the electrodiagnostic (EDX) pattern of severe and extreme median nerve lesions at the wrist (MNLW) in patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome. Methods: EDX data were recorded in 229 patients with 314 severe and extreme MNLW and 447 patients with 777 non‐severe MNLW. We recorded distal motor latency (DML) to abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and second lumbricalis (2L), sensory conduction (SC) from digits 2 and 3, and needle examination of APB. Results: Preservation rate of DML to APB and 2L and of SC from digits 2 and 3 were 100%, 100%, 85%, and 76%, respectively, for severe MNLW, and 37%, 90%, 36%, and 26% for extreme MNLW. Active denervation, as demonstrated by fibrillation potentials, was found in 1% of non‐severe NMLW, 7% of severe MNLW, and 56% of extreme MNLW cases. Conclusions: In idiopathic severe and extreme MNLW, the DML to the 2L and averaged SC from digit 2 can be present when other responses are absent. Muscle Nerve 51: 201–206, 2015
Intersecting dilated convex polyhedra method for modeling complex particles in discrete element method
Authors: Nye Ben , Kulchitsky Anton V. , Johnson Jerome B. 
Published: May 2014

SUMMARYThis paper describes a new method for representing concave polyhedral particles in a discrete element method as unions of convex dilated polyhedra. This method offers an efficient way to simulate systems with a large number of (generally concave) polyhedral particles. The method also allows spheres, capsules, and dilated triangles to be combined with polyhedra using the same approach. The computational efficiency of the method is tested in two different simulation setups using different efficiency metrics for seven particle types: spheres, clusters of three spheres, clusters of four spheres, tetrahedra, cubes, unions of two octahedra (concave), and a model of a computer tomography scan of a lunar simulant GRC‐3 particle. It is shown that the computational efficiency of the simulations degrades much slower than the increase in complexity of the particles in the system. The efficiency of the method is based on the time coherence of the system, and an efficient and robust distance computation method between polyhedra as particles never intersect for dilated particles. © 2014 The Authors. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) grown bi‐layer graphene transistor characteristics at high temperature
Authors: Qaisi Ramy M. , Smith Casey E. , Hussain Muhammad M. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe report the characteristics of atmospheric chemical vapor deposition grown bilayer graphene transistors fabricated on ultra‐scaled (10 nm) high‐κ dielectric aluminum oxide (Al2O3) at elevated temperatures. We observed that the drive current increased by >400% as temperature increased from room temperature to 250 °C. Low gate leakage was maintained for prolonged exposure at 100 °C but increased significantly at temperatures >200 °C. These results provide important insights for considering chemical vapor deposition graphene on aluminum oxide for high temperature applications where low power and high frequency operation are required. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Value of plasma chitotriosidase to assess non‐neuronopathic Gaucher disease severity and progression in the era of enzyme replacement therapy
Authors: van Dussen L. , Hendriks E. J. , Groener J. E. M. , Boot R. G. , Hollak C. E. M. , Aerts J. M. F. G. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractGaucher disease (GD) is caused by deficiency of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase catalysing the regular lysosomal degradation of glucosylceramide. In the common non‐neuropathic variant of GD, glucosylceramide‐laden macrophages (Gaucher cells) accumulate in various tissues. Gaucher cells secrete chitotriosidase, an active chitinase, resulting in increased plasma chitotriosidase levels, which can be sensitively monitored by an enzyme activity assay. Plasma chitotriosidase is a rough estimate of body burden of Gaucher cells. Non‐neuronopathic GD is presently treated by enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and substrate reduction therapy (SRT). We addressed the question whether plasma chitotriosidase acts as (predictive) marker of clinical manifestations in non‐neuronopathic GD patients receiving treatment. Reductions in plasma chitotriosidase during therapy correlated with corrections in liver and spleen volumes and showed positive trends with improvements in haemoglobin and platelet count and bone marrow composition. The occurrence of long‐term complications and associated conditions such as multiple myeloma, bone complications, Parkinson's disease, hepatocellular carcinoma and pulmonary hypertension positively correlated with the plasma chitotriosidase level pre‐therapy, the average plasma chitotriosidase during 3 years of ERT and the residual plasma chitotriosidase after 2 years of ERT. In summary, plasma chitotriosidase is a valuable marker in the assessment and follow‐up of GD patients.
The Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stability of Cold‐Pressed Oils
Authors: Prescha Anna , Grajzer Magdalena , Dedyk Martyna , Grajeta Halina 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn our study, we characterized the antioxidant activity and oxidative stability of cold‐pressed macadamia, avocado, sesame, safflower, pumpkin, rose hip, Linola, flaxseed, walnut, hempseed, poppy, and milk thistle oils. The radical scavenging activity of the non‐fractionated fresh oil, as well as the lipophilic and hydrophilic fractions of the oil was determined using a 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The fatty acid composition of the fresh and stored oils was analyzed by gas chromatography. The acid value, peroxide value, p‐anisidine value and conjugated diene and triene contents in the fresh oils, as well as in those stored throughout the whole period of their shelf life, were measured by CEN ISO methods. The antioxidant activity of the oils expressed as Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), ranged from 0.17 to 2.32 mM. The lipophilic fractions of the oils were characterized by much higher antioxidant activity than the hydrophilic ones. There were no significant changes in fatty acid composition and only slight changes in the oxidative stability parameters of the oils during their shelf life. Through the assessment of the relationship between antiradical activity and the oxidative stability of oils, it is proposed that a DPPH assay predicts the formation of oxidation products in cold‐pressed oils—however, the correlations differ in fractionated and nonfractionated oils.
Reproductive health and HIV awareness among newly married Egyptian couples without formal education
Authors: Saleh Wael F. , Gamaleldin Sameh F. , Abdelmoty Hatem I. , Raslan Ayman N. , Fouda Usama M. , Mohesen Mohamed N. , Youssef Mohamed A.F.M. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo assess awareness of several reproductive health and HIV issues and to determine the sources of reproductive health knowledge.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey of 150 randomly recruited, newly married couples without formal education attending gynecology or andrology outpatient clinics in Cairo, Egypt, was conducted from January 2012 to January 2013. Participants were interviewed separately and asked to respond to a semi‐structured questionnaire on reproductive health and HIV awareness.ResultsMost participants had not received premarital counseling or undergone premarital testing. Awareness about HIV was relatively high: 117 (78.0%) women and 128 (85.3%) men had heard of HIV and had some awareness of the modes of HIV transmission. Only 24 (16.0%) women had ever used a condom compared with 36 (24.0%) men. Only two men out of the 150 couples questioned were aware of the free HIV hotline. Television and friends were the main sources of reproductive health knowledge.ConclusionRoutine premarital counseling and testing by reproductive health, gynecology, and andrology specialists need to be enforced. Mass media is an essential source of knowledge about HIV and reproductive health. Premarital, reproductive health, and HIV education programs need to be improved.
Perceptions and motivations of an Australian cohort of women with or without congenital heart disease proceeding to pregnancy
Authors: Ngu Kylie , Hay Margaret , Menahem Samuel 
Published: May 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the perceptions of women with congenital heart disease (CHD) regarding the severity of their cardiac abnormality and its implications in pregnancy, and whether their motivations to conceive were similar to those of women without CHD.MethodsA retrospective descriptive study of a cohort of women with (n = 20) or without (n = 20) CHD, aged over 18 years, who had had one or more successful pregnancies. The women were surveyed using a semi‐structured questionnaire and their medical records were reviewed. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsWomen with CHD were concerned about the health risks associated with their CHD; however, they were not deterred from conceiving because 10 out of 20 women had a tendency to downplay the seriousness of their CHD. The women's motivations to conceive were similar in both groups.ConclusionAlthough women with CHD were clinically identified as an at‐risk group, with possible health complications for themselves and their infant, it was ultimately the women's inaccurate perception of the severity of their CHD and of the associated potential health risks that influenced their decision to pursue motherhood. This emphasizes the need for clinicians to have detailed knowledge of the cardiac abnormality and its implications in pregnancy.
Usefulness of non‐contact mapping for catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardias originating at the right ventricular outflow tract
Authors: Hoshiyama Tadashi , Yamabe Hiroshige , Koyama Junjiroh , Kanazawa Hisanori , Ito Miwa , Ogawa Hisao 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundDifferent QRS morphologies are often observed in idiopathic ventricular tachycardias or premature ventricular contractions originating from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). However, the precise mechanism underlying multiple QRS morphologies has not been clarified adequately. The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanism underlying different QRS morphologies in RVOT arrhythmia. We also investigated the usefulness of non‐contact mapping guided radiofrequency catheter ablation for RVOT arrhythmia.MethodsEndocardial mapping of RVOT was performed using a non‐contact mapping system in 20 patients with RVOT arrhythmia. We analyzed the underlying mechanism that produces different QRS morphologies during catheter ablation of RVOT arrhythmia.ResultsForty‐six QRS morphologies of RVOT arrhythmia were observed in 20 patients. Five patients showed monofocal QRS morphology, whereas the remaining 15 patients showed multiple QRS morphologies (from 2 to 4 morphologies each). Among these, all patients presented a shift in the origin of tachycardia. Additionally, different QRS morphologies were observed in 5 of these patients that were caused by a change in the local activation after radiofrequency energy delivery. Radiofrequency energy application to the site of origin of the RVOT arrhythmia using non‐contact mapping navigation eliminated the RVOT arrhythmias in all patients. However, 1 patient presented a recurrence of RVOT arrhythmia (success rate, 95.0%).ConclusionsThe multiple QRS morphologies of RVOT arrhythmia were caused by a shift in the origin of tachycardia or by a change in the local activation following the radiofrequency energy application. Non‐contact mapping was useful to identify the appropriate target site of RVOT arrhythmia irrespective of the changes in QRS morphologies.
GETTIER FOR JUSTIFICATION
Authors: Hofmann Frank 
Published: May 2014

AbstractI will present a problem for any externalist evidentialism that allows for accidental possession of evidence. There are Gettier cases for justification. I will describe two such cases – cases involving veridical hallucination. An analysis of the cases is given, along the lines of (reliabilist) virtue epistemology (cf. Sosa, Greco). The cases show that certain externalist evidentialist accounts of justification do not provide sufficient conditions. The reason lies in the fact that one can be luckily in possession of evidence, and then one will not have a justified belief. Justified belief requires an anti-luck condition on possession of evidence. This opens up the prospects of a unified virtue-epistemology covering both knowledge and justification.
Turbulent drag reduction of boundary layer flow with non-ionic surfactant injection
Authors: Tamano Shinji , Kitao Takuya , Morinishi Yohei 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe experimentally investigated streamwise variations of turbulent dynamics in drag-reducing turbulent boundary layer flows following the injection of non-ionic surfactant solutions, which mainly consisted of oleyldimethylamine oxide. We focus on the comparison of turbulence statistics between injected (i.e. heterogeneous) and premixed (i.e. homogeneous) surfactant solutions, in which the maximum drag reduction ratio of 50 % is the same at the most downstream position for both cases. The wall-normal profiles of turbulence statistics, such as streamwise and wall-normal turbulence intensities, seem to be noticeably different between heterogeneous and homogeneous surfactant solutions. However, streamwise variations in these maxima and the wall-normal locations are essentially similar to one another, except for the maximum of streamwise turbulence intensity, which is not arranged by the amount of drag reduction and is also dependent on the normalization due to outer and inner variables. Such complex behaviour of streamwise turbulence intensity would be caused by the formation of near-wall layered structures that are parallel to the wall. For both heterogeneous and homogeneous surfactant solutions, the streamwise variation in the drag reduction ratio corresponds well to those of the mean velocity in wall units and the wall-normal locations of maxima of streamwise and wall-normal turbulence intensities with both outer and inner scaling. Unlike the Reynolds shear stress, the correlation coefficient of the streamwise and wall-normal turbulent fluctuations is correlated well with the drag reduction ratio. We present plausible pictures of the development of turbulence structures such as hairpin vortices and low-speed streaks for the drag-reducing turbulent boundary layer in heterogeneous and homogeneous surfactant solutions, which are comprehensively derived from the present set of experimental measurements such as flow visualization, planar laser-induced fluorescence, two-component laser-Doppler velocimetry and particle image velocimetry on the streamwise and wall-normal plane and the streamwise and spanwise plane.