bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal diagnosis of partial trisomy 16p and its association with congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Strong Molly , Garabedian Matthew , Pettigrew Anjana , Barron Natasha , Hansen Wendy 
Published: March 2013

What's already known about this topic?

Little is known about partial trisomy 16p as relatively few cases have been reported.
An abnormal yolk sac and increased nuchal translucency are associated with aneuploidy and adverse pregnancy outcomes.What does this study add?

We propose that congenital diaphragmatic hernia may be part of the phenotype of partial trisomy 16p. This case adds to other recent observations of congenital diaphragmatic hernia with chromosome imbalances in 16p.
This report illustrates the natural progression of an abnormality, imaged by ultrasound during the first 17 weeks of pregnancy: abnormal yolk sac, increased nuchal translucency, and diaphragmatic hernia.
Copolymers of ethylene and sulfonated norbornene for proton exchange membranes
Authors: Daigle Jean‐Christophe , Dube‐Savoie Vincent , Tavares Ana C. , Claverie Jerome P. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTTerpolymers of ethylene, norbornene, and 5‐exo norbornene methyl alcohol are prepared using Pd phosphine sulfonates as catalysts. The pendant hydroxyl groups are then transformed into thioacetate groups. Films cast from the resulting polymers are then oxidized by hydrogen peroxide. This green oxidation method is found to quantitatively transform thioacetate groups into sulfonic acids, leading to the formation of sulfonated hydrocarbon ionomers. These ionomers are thermally stable, exhibit increasing conductivity up to 110 °C, and have a low water uptake, indicating that these materials are potentially interesting candidates for the preparation of fuel cell membranes. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 2669–2676
Assessment of family psychosocial functioning in survivors of pediatric cancer using the PAT2.0
Authors: Gilleland Jordan , Reed‐Knight Bonney , Brand Sarah , Griffin Anya , Wasilewski‐Masker Karen , Meacham Lillian , Mertens Ann 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to examine clinical validity and utility of a screening measure for familial psychosocial risk, the Psychosocial Assessment Tool 2.0 (PAT2.0), among pediatric cancer survivors participating in long‐term survivorship care.MethodsCaregivers (N = 79) completed the PAT2.0 during their child's survivorship appointment. Caregivers also reported on family engagement in outpatient mental health treatment. Medical records were reviewed for treatment history and oncology provider initiated psychology consults.ResultsThe internal consistency of the PAT2.0 total score in this survivorship sample was strong. Psychology was consulted by the oncology provider to see 53% of participant families, and families seen by psychology had significantly higher PAT2.0 total scores than families without psychology consults. PAT2.0 total scores and corresponding subscales were higher for patients, parents, and siblings enrolled in outpatient mental health services since treatment completion. Results were consistent with psychosocial risk categories presented within the Pediatric Psychosocial Preventative Health Model. Fifty‐one percent of families presenting for survivorship care scored in the “universal” category, 34% scored in the “targeted” category, and 15% scored in the “clinical” category.ConclusionsData indicate that the overall proportions of families experiencing “universal”, “targeted”, and “clinical” levels of familial distress may be constant from the time of diagnosis into survivorship care. Overall, the PAT2.0 demonstrated strong psychometric properties among survivors of pediatric cancer and shows promise as a psychosocial screening measure to facilitate more effective family support in survivorship care. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Changing Boundaries: The Policies of Workfare in the U.S. and Europe
Authors: Brodkin Evelyn Z. , Larsen Flemming 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn recent decades, workfare‐style policies have become part of the institutional architecture of welfare and labor market arrangements around the world. In this article, we offer a comparative, historical view of workfare's advance. Our analysis recognizes the complexity and diversity of what we call the “policies of workfare” and highlights the different paths through which these policies have developed in the U.S. and parts of Europe. We argue that it is necessary to look beyond familiar policy labels and language in order to consider workfare‐style policies as part of a broader political project that is altering the boundary between the democratic welfare state and the market economy. We see workfare policies as boundary‐changing, with potentially profound implications both for individuals disadvantaged by market arrangements and for societies seeking to grapple with the increasing instability and precariousness of work in the “new” economy.
Not a Suburban Soccer Mom? Political Engagement Among Lower SES Women
Authors: Wemlinger Elizabeth , Kropf Martha 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAnalysis of recent Census data by the National Women's Law Center indicates that poverty is worse than ever, especially for women. While studies of socioeconomic status and participation as well as social networks and poverty are quite numerous, there has been little systematic quantitative study of the interaction of poverty and gender on social networks and participation in collective action. We ask whether the paths to social capital and participation are different for poor women than for their non‐poor counterparts. And, are poor women different from poor men? The types of social networking in which the poor and non‐poor may participate should logically be very different: More formal organizations often require significant resources for participation (e.g., sports clubs). Further, poor individuals often rely on informal networks of assistance and cooperation, but women are most reliant on such networks because they are most likely to be single heads of household. Certainly, scholars suggest that women are more likely to engage in informal networking and have established social capital, making voting more likely among women (Harell, 2009), but to our knowledge, scholars have not compared those of low and higher incomes in terms of their types of social capital building. We use the Current Population Survey Civic Engagement Supplement and the Voting Supplement (2010) to examine civic engagement of citizens, with a theoretical eye toward understanding the differences in participation between low‐income women and higher‐income women. The analyses herein suggest differences in social capital among women of different income levels. The overall findings of this research contradict what we originally theorized, that income drives social capital–creating avenues, yet add a new and important understanding to how social capital may be created and what influence it might have on political engagement.
A Theoretical Understanding of Housing and Homelessness: Federal Homelessness and Housing Policy Through the Lenses of Punctuated Equilibrium Theory and Advocacy Coalition Frameworks
Authors: Beard Virginia 
Published: March 2013

AbstractHomelessness and housing insecurity have gained increasing attention since the 1980s in the United States. The numbers of people experiencing homelessness and insecure housing are growing. The federal‐level policy responses to homelessness—from Homeless Persons' Survival Act and the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act and current reauthorizations under the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing Act of 2009—potentially reflect stasis of ideologies and thus policy responses with a few key punctuated changes in the U.S. housing policy framework. This article employs the lens of Punctuated Equilibrium Theory and Advocacy Coalition Framework as theoretical vantage points through which to understand federal‐level U.S. homelessness policy creation. Thus, this project examines what factors help explain housing and homelessness policy responses and ensuing program creations from the federal level over time.
Human amniotic fluid stem cells protect rat lungs exposed to moderate hyperoxia
Authors: Grisafi Davide , Pozzobon Michela , Dedja Arben , Vanzo Valentina , Tomanin Rosella , Porzionato Andrea , Macchi Veronica , Salmaso Roberto , Scarpa Maurizio , Cozzi Emanuele , Fassina Ambrogio , Navaglia Filippo , Maran Claudio , Onisto Maurizio , Caenazzo Luciana , De Coppi Paolo , De Caro Raffaele , Chiandetti Lino , Zaramella Patrizia 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains as yet an unmet clinical need and recently stem cells have been proposed as a therapeutic tool in animal models. We investigated the role of amniotic fluid stem cells (AFS) in an adult rat model of hyperoxia lung injury.MethodsFifty Sprague–Dawley rats were, at birth, randomly exposed to moderate hyperoxia or room air for 14 days and a single dose of human amniotic fluid stem (hAFS) or human Fibroblasts (hF), cells was delivered intratracheally (P21). At P42 animals were euthanized and lung tissue examined using histology, immunohistochemistry, PCR, and ELISA. hAFS cells characterization and homing were studied by immunofluorescence.ResultsIn rats treated with hAFS and hF cells 16S human rRNA fragment was detected. Despite a low level of pulmonary hAFS cell retention (1.43 ± 0.2% anti‐human‐mitochondria‐positive cells), the lungs of the treated animals revealed higher secondary crest numbers and lower mean linear intercept and alveolar size, than those exposed to hyperoxia, those left untreated or treated with hF cells. Except for those treated with hAFS cells, moderate hyperoxia induced an increase in protein content of IL‐6, IL‐1β, as well as IF‐γ and TGF‐1β in lung tissues. High VEGF expression and arrangement of capillary architecture in hAFS cell group were also detected.ConclusionsTreatment with hAFS cells has a reparative potential through active involvement of cells in alveolarization and angiogenesis. A downstream paracrine action was also taken into account, in order to understand the immunodulatory response. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:1070–1080. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Salivary and serum analysis in children diagnosed with pneumonia
Authors: Klein Kremer Adi , Kuzminsky Ela , Bentur Lea , Nagler Rafael M. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryThe aim of the current study was to evaluate specific markers for pneumonia by using a non‐invasive assessment of inflammatory/oxidative biomarkers in saliva accompanying a routine serum analysis. No study evaluating saliva of children with pneumonia has been published previously. Salivary analysis was performed in 15 children diagnosed with lobar pneumonia and in a parallel group of 16 children matching in age and gender in whom there was no respiratory illness, and compared to the serum analysis obtained routinely in both groups of children. Salivary flow rate was lower in the patients' group as was uric acid concentration (by 60%). Increase in salivary concentrations of almost all parameters analyzed was found: Ca, P, and Mg concentrations were higher in the patients' group by 23%, 55%, and 33%, respectively, while LDH, total protein amylase and albumin concentrations were higher by 275%, 79%, and 42%, respectively. In the serum, white cell counts and neutrophils were significantly higher, and sodium level significantly lower in the patients' group. Compositional changes were in the range of 3–80% while the saliva alterations were more profound, in the range of 42–275%. The results demonstrated in the current study indicate salivary analysis as a potentially novel tool for children with pneumonia. Human salivary collection and analysis is a non‐invasive tool that could provide additional information for diagnosis and follow‐up of pneumonia, especially in children. This is especially beneficial for pediatric patients, as salivary collection is simple, non‐invasive, and patient‐friendly. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2014; 49:569–573. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Age‐related alterations in T‐lymphocytes modulate key pathways in prostate tumorigenesis
Authors: De Angulo Alejandra , Faris Robert , Cavazos David , Jolly Christopher , Daniel Benajmin , deGraffenried Linda 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe primary risk for prostate cancer is aging, often associated with inflammation. Evidence implicates progressive age‐related immune dysfunction with increased prostate cancer incidence and mortality. The aged T‐cell response is characterized by increased production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, which could significantly contribute to prostate tumorigenesis through induction of key inflammation‐mediated pro‐survival factors.METHODST‐cell function of the young (<6 month‐old) glycerol‐3‐phosphate acyltransferase‐1 (GPAT‐1) knock‐out mouse mimics many of the hallmarks observed in an aged (>22‐month‐old) mouse. Serum and splenic T‐lymphocytes from young GPAT‐1−/− (6 months) and aged wild type (22 months) mice were collected for in vitro studies, including a cytokine immunoarray for serum cytokine levels, luciferase assays for NF‐κB activation and Western blot analyses for protein expression.RESULTSThe T‐cell cytokine profile of the GPAT‐1−/− mice mirrored that observed in aged wild type mice, including higher expression levels of IL‐17. Serum‐ and T‐cell‐derived factors induced NF‐κB activity in normal, non‐transformed and prostate cancer epithelial cells, correlating with re‐localization of NF‐κB and increased protein expression of downstream targets of NF‐κB.CONCLUSIONThe aging and aging‐mimic mice produced circulating factors that induce pro‐inflammatory pathways in prostate cells, most notably NF‐κB. These findings provide evidence that an aged T‐cell may directly contribute to the increased risk for prostate cancer in the elderly and establish that the GPAT‐1−/− model, which mimics many of the characteristics of an aged immune system, is a viable tool for investigating this novel area of cancer risk. Prostate 73: 855–864, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Expression screening of cancer/testis genes in prostate cancer identifies nr6a1 as a novel marker of disease progression and aggressiveness
Authors: Mathieu Romain , Evrard Bertrand , Fromont Gaëlle , Rioux‐Leclercq Nathalie , Godet Julie , Cathelineau Xavier , Guillé François , Primig Michael , Chalmel Frédéric 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDCancer/Testis (CT) genes are expressed in male gonads, repressed in most healthy somatic tissues and de‐repressed in various somatic malignancies including prostate cancers (PCa). Because of their specific expression signature and their associations with tumor aggressiveness and poor outcomes, CT genes are considered to be useful biomarkers and they are also targets for the development of new anti‐cancer immunotherapies. The aim of this study was to identify novel CT genes associated with hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC), and castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).METHODSTo identify novel CT genes we screened genes for which transcripts were detected by RNA profiling specifically in normal testis and in either HSPC or CRPC as compared to normal prostate and 44 other healthy tissues using GeneChips. The expression and clinicopathological significance of a promising candidate—NR6A1—was examined in HSPC, CRPC, and metastatic site samples using tissue microarrays.RESULTSWe report the identification of 98 genes detected in CRPC, HSPC and testicular samples but not in the normal controls. Among them, cellular levels of NR6A1 were found to be higher in HSPC compared to normal prostate and further increased in metastatic lesions and CRPC. Furthermore, increased NR6A1 immunoreactivity was significantly associated with a high Gleason score, advanced pT stage and cancer cell proliferation.CONCLUSIONSOur results show that cellular levels of NR6A1 are correlated with disease progression in PCa. We suggest that this essential orphan nuclear receptor is a potential therapeutic target as well as a biomarker of PCa aggressiveness. Prostate 73: 1103–1114, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Frequency behaviour of light‐addressable potentiometric sensors
Authors: Werner Carl Frederik , Wagner Torsten , Yoshinobu Tatsuo , Keusgen Michael , Schöning Michael J. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractLight‐addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS) are semiconductor‐based potentiometric sensors, with the advantage to detect the concentration of a chemical species in a liquid solution above the sensor surface in a spatially resolved manner. The addressing is achieved by a modulated and focused light source illuminating the semiconductor and generating a concentration‐depending photocurrent. This work introduces a LAPS set‐up that is able to monitor the electrical impedance in addition to the photocurrent. The impedance spectra of a LAPS structure, with and without illumination, as well as the frequency behaviour of the LAPS measurement are investigated. The measurements are supported by electrical equivalent circuits to explain the impedance and the LAPS‐frequency behaviour. The work investigates the influence of different parameters on the frequency behaviour of the LAPS. Furthermore, the phase shift of the photocurrent, the influence of the surface potential as well as the changes of the sensor impedance will be discussed.
Non‐linear electro‐elastic coupling in highly strained zinc‐blende compounds: InGaP/GaP [111] quantum wells
Authors: Pedesseau Laurent , Katan Claudine , Jancu Jean‐Marc , Even Jacky 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA symmetry‐based thermodynamical model of third‐order electro‐elastic coupling is applied to zinc‐blende semiconductors. Density functional theory is used to calculate the complete set of linear and non‐linear coefficients. The entanglement of non‐linear piezoelectricity, electrostriction and other non‐linear phenomena, is studied in details at the same level of theory. Numerical results for InxGa1−xP/GaP [111] quantum wells show the predominance of the non‐linear piezoelectricity contribution. However, for a coupled non‐linear model, the electrostriction has also to be taken into account. Finally, the non‐linear elasticity gives a significant correction on the strain calculation.
Ergonomic assessment of the surgeon's physical workload during standard and robotic assisted laparoscopic procedures
Authors: Hubert N , Gilles M , Desbrosses K , Meyer JP , Felblinger J , Hubert J 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundStandard laparoscopy is responsible for musculoskeletal problems because of surgeons anti‐ergonomic positions. Robot‐assisted laparoscopy seems to reduce these musculoskeletal disorders thanks to the surgeons seated position. The objective of this study is to evaluate the muscular strain and cognitive stress induced by these two techniques during real operations conducted on the pig.MethodsElectromyographic activities, heart rate, physical and mental workloads (NASA Tlx and Borg CR‐10) were recorded.ResultsPhysical workload and perception of the effort invested was significantly greater during the standard laparoscopies (p<0.05). Mental stress was however identical for the two techniques. In Standard Laparoscopic group, greater physical activity was found for trapezius and dorso‐lumbar muscles, and significant appearance of fatigue of the trapezius muscles should also be noted. Finally, heart rate during standard laparoscopy was increased (92.1 ± 1.6 bpm vs 83.7 ± 1.8, p<0,01), confirming greater physical expenditure.ConclusionsRobot‐assisted laparoscopy is a less physically stressful surgical technique than standard laparoscopy. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Continuous phase modulation for broadband satellite communications: design and trade‐offs
Authors: Beidas B. F. , Cioni S. , De Bie U. , Ginesi A. , Iyer‐Seshadri R. , Kim P. , Lee L. N. , Oh D. , Noerpel A. , Papaleo M. , Vanelli‐Coralli A. 
Published: March 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, we introduce the continuous phase modulations mode of the second‐generation broadband satellite communications return link Digital Video Broadcast Interactive Satellite System standard. Starting from a detailed discussion about the impairments faced in a typical broadband satellite system user set‐up, we introduce the waveform selection rationale, the design trade‐offs, and the waveform performance under realistic system assumptions. We show that the designed continuous phase modulations mode exhibits an excellent trade‐off between performance and robustness to nonlinear distortions at low and medium spectral efficiency thus suggesting its adoption for the consumer market profile of the Digital Video Broadcast Interactive Satellite System. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spectroscopic Characterization of the Chiral Structure of Individual Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes and the Edge Structure of Isolated Graphene Nanoribbons
Authors: Zhang Daqi , Yang Juan , Li Yan 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe chiral structure of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and the edge structure of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) play an important role in determining their electronic and phonon structures. Spectroscopic methods, which require simple sample preparation and cause minimal sample damage, are the most commonly utilized techniques for determining the structures of SWNTs and graphene. In this review the current status of various spectroscopic methods are presented in detail, including resonance Raman, photoluminescence (PL), and Rayleigh scattering spectroscopies, for determination of the chiral structure of individual SWNTs and the edge structure of isolated graphene, especially of graphene nanoribbons. The different photophysical processes involved in each spectroscopic method are reviewed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the electronic and phonon properties of SWNTs and graphene. The advantages and limitations of each spectroscopic method as well as the challenges in this area are discussed.
NuRD Blocks Reprogramming of Mouse Somatic Cells into Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Luo Min , Ling Te , Xie Wenbing , Sun He , Zhou Yonggang , Zhu Qiaoyun , Shen Meili , Zong Le , Lyu Guoliang , Zhao Yun , Ye Tao , Gu Jun , Tao Wei , Lu Zhigang , Grummt Ingrid 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by overexpression of a defined set of transcription factors requires epigenetic changes in pluripotency genes. Nuclear reprogramming is an inefficient process and the molecular mechanisms that reset the epigenetic state during iPSC generation are largely unknown. Here, we show that downregulation of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylation (NuRD) complex is required for efficient reprogramming. Overexpression of Mbd3, a subunit of NuRD, inhibits induction of iPSCs by establishing heterochromatic features and silencing embryonic stem cell-specific marker genes, including Oct4 and Nanog. Depletion of Mbd3, on the other hand, improves reprogramming efficiency and facilitates the formation of pluripotent stem cells that are capable of generating viable chimeric mice, even in the absence of c-Myc or Sox2. The results establish Mbd3/NuRD as an important epigenetic regulator that restricts the expression of key pluripotency genes, suggesting that drug-induced downregulation of Mbd3/NuRD may be a powerful means to improve the efficiency and fidelity of reprogramming.
Numerical assessment of 3‐D macrodispersion in heterogeneous porous media
Authors: Beaudoin A. , de Dreuzy J.‐R. 
Published: March 2013

Key Points
Heterogeneity‐induced dispersion is much larger in 3D than in 2D
Braiding of high‐velocity channels critically enhance transverse dispersion
Longitudinal dispersion also comes from high correlations of the velocity field