bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neighborhood Influences on Girls’ Obesity Risk Across the Transition to Adolescence
Authors: Hoyt Lindsay T. , Kushi Lawrence H. , Leung Cindy W. , Nickleach Dana C. , Adler Nancy , Laraia Barbara A. , Hiatt Robert A. , Yen Irene H. 
Published: October 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
The neighborhoods in which children live, play, and eat provide an environmental context that may influence obesity risk and ameliorate or exacerbate health disparities. The current study examines whether neighborhood characteristics predict obesity in a prospective cohort of girls.

METHODS:
Participants were 174 girls (aged 8–10 years at baseline), a subset from the Cohort Study of Young Girls’ Nutrition, Environment, and Transitions. Trained observers completed street audits within a 0.25-mile radius around each girl’s residence. Four scales (food and service retail, recreation, walkability, and physical disorder) were created from 40 observed neighborhood features. BMI was calculated from clinically measured height and weight. Obesity was defined as BMI-for-age ≥95%. Logistic regression models using generalized estimating equations were used to examine neighborhood influences on obesity risk over 4 years of follow-up, controlling for race/ethnicity, pubertal status, and baseline BMI. Fully adjusted models also controlled for household income, parent education, and a census tract measure of neighborhood socioeconomic status.

RESULTS:
A 1-SD increase on the food and service retail scale was associated with a 2.27 (95% confidence interval, 1.42 to 3.61; P &lt; .001) increased odds of being obese. A 1-SD increase in physical disorder was associated with a 2.41 (95% confidence interval, 1.31 to 4.44; P = .005) increased odds of being obese. Other neighborhood scales were not associated with risk for obesity.

CONCLUSIONS:
Neighborhood food and retail environment and physical disorder around a girl’s home predict risk for obesity across the transition from late childhood to adolescence.
Healthy Birth Practices Revisited
Authors: Budin Wendy C. 
Published: October 2014

In this column, the editor of The Journal of Perinatal Education describes this special issue where distiguished authors provide updated evidence-based reviews of the Lamaze International Six Healthy Birth Practices that promote, support, and protect natural, safe, and healthy birth.This issue is dedicated to Elisabeth Bing on the occasion of her 100th birthday.
Eight Issues on Audit Data Analytics We Would Like Researched
Authors: Wang Tawei , Cuthbertson Robert 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACT
Data analytics has been emphasized as an effective tool in audit engagements. However, both our understanding and the use of data analytics in audit engagements are limited. The objective of this paper is to draw academic researchers' attentions to the issues of data analytics identified by an experienced practitioner in the field. These issues range from standards and the framework of data analytics to the use of data analytics in different phases of audit engagements and the corresponding consequences. The use of external data, sample versus population, and reliance on the work of internal auditors are also discussed. By addressing these issues, academic researchers can not only provide solutions to the field but also contribute to the knowledge body of academic literature.
Enostosis-like lesions in equids: 79 cases (1997–2009)
Authors: Ahern Benjamin J. , Boston Raymond C. , Ross Michael W. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate equids with enostosis-like lesions (ELLs) and document the clinical and epidemiological features of this disease.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—79 equids with a scintigraphic diagnosis of at least 1 ELL on ≥ 1 occasion.
Procedures—Medical records of 4,992 equids that underwent bone scintigraphy between March 1997 and March 2009 were reviewed; 78 horses and 1 pony had a scintigraphic diagnosis of an ELL. For those equids, signalment; physical, scintigraphic, radiographic, and lameness examination results; and outcome were reviewed.
Results—Of the 79 equids, 4 (5.1%) had anatomically distinct ELLs on 2 (n = 3) or 4 (1) separate occasions that caused lameness in different limbs. Thus, there were 85 ELL-related admissions to the hospital. Overall, 157 ELLs were detected. Among all equids undergoing scintigraphic examination, Thoroughbreds were more commonly and Standardbreds were less commonly affected. Older animals were more likely to have ELLs. Lameness was directly attributed to scintigraphically evident ELLs in 42 of the 85 (49.4%) admissions. The tibia (62/157 [39.5%]) and the radius (46/157 [29.3%]) were most commonly affected. The ELLs located in the humerus caused more severe lameness than did ELLs in other anatomic locations. Lameness severity was associated with radiopharmaceutical uptake intensity. Among racehorses, those with 1 ELL were more likely to return to racing than were those with multiple ELLs detected in 1 scintigraphic examination; mean interval from diagnosis to first start was 184 days.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results of this retrospective evaluation of a large group of equids with ELLs have provided a better understanding of this disease process.
Shunjō restaurateur des principes disciplinaires au XIIIe siècle
Authors: Girard Frédéric 
Published: October 2014

Frédéric Girard
Shunjō restaurateur des principes disciplinaires au XIIIe siècle
Le présent article est la traduction de la seconde partie de la biographie la plus fiable du moine Shunjō (1166-1227), personnage qui s'est rendu en Chine au début du XIIIe siècle durant une décennie (1199-1211). Cette section finale de sa biographie rapporte ses faits et gestes dans la capitale, Kyōto, où il a rapporté des textes relevant de presque toutes les écoles et dispensé les enseignements qu'il avait étudiés de près sur le continent. Il apparaît que l'œuvre de Shunjō répond clairement aux attentes du clergé et des autorités de son époque, en particulier celle de réformer les milieux monastiques du point de vue de la discipline. Tel avait été le but des voyages en Chine d'un religieux comme Eisai (1141-1215), pour ne citer qu'un exemple célèbre. La présente étude cherche à circonscrire la place et le rôle qu'a pu jouer Shunjō à partir du centre de rayonnement qu'était le Sennyūji de Kyōto où il s'était installé, et l'influence qu'il a pu exercer tant dans le clergé de Kyōto que dans celui de Nara qui sont traditionnellement concurrents et opposés. Ce personnage, dont l'œuvre écrite est pourtant très modeste, semble avoir pesé un certain poids dans l'évolution de l'histoire du bouddhisme, en raison des connaissances nouvelles qu'il apportait du continent, tant sur le plan religieux que profane, et des réactions qu'il a suscitées. C'est, par exemple, en opposition avec son éclectisme que Dōgen a voulu élaborer une forme de Dhyāna épuré et donné aux règles disciplinaires une interprétation non formaliste.
Les institutions « hors codes » de Koryŏ (918-1392). Le bouddhisme et la construction de l'État dans la Corée médiévale
Authors: Bruneton Yannick 
Published: October 2014

Yannick Bruneton
« Out of the Code » institutions in Koryŏ (918-1392) Buddhism and State building process in medieval Korea
During the Wang's Dynasty of Koryò (918-1392), the State and the buddhist schools constructed one another through an interplay of influences. This phenomenon consisted in adjusting the original model of institutions inspired by the Chinese Tang Dynasty (618-907) administration to the Koryò's State needs. Close relationship between State and Buddhism produced a lot of institutions « out of the (Tang's) Code », mainly represented by the « temporary council » togam. Such adjusting institutions were a concrete application of the so-called « State-protector » Buddhism, by supporting a rich and complex buddhist liturgy involved in the cult of the Dynasty. The « togam councils » made the State management more flexible and effective, and were largely used for making economical and political reforms. The institutions « out of the Tang's Code » made easier the economical exchanges, and the spreading of « capitalist » practices, contributing to the economical prosperity. Thus, monastical modes of self-organization, partly inherited from the Great Silla (668-935), influenced the Koryò's State building process. However, official History, old and recent, is reporting such facts only in a laconic way, this posing serious problems for the historiography related to « medieval » times in Korea.
La troisième intervention vietnamienne au Cambodge (1679-1688)
Authors: Phoen Mak , Dharma Po 
Published: October 2014

Mak Phoen et Po Dharma
La troisième intervention vietnamienne au Cambodge (1679-1688)
La troisième intervention vietnamienne au Cambodge débuta en 1679 avec l'arrivée sur le territoire viêt contrôlé par les Nguyên de militaires chinois qui avaient quitté leur pays après la défaite des Ming. Craignant qu'ils ne menacent son autorité, le seigneur Nguyên s'en débarrassa en les dirigeant vers le Cambodge et en installant un poste militaire à Prei Nokor (Sài-côn), en plein territoire khmer. S'ensuivit alors dans ce pays, de 1682 à 1688, une « phase militaire » qui opposa les partisans du roi Jayajeṭṭhā III et ceux de l'ubhayorāj Padumarājā. Mais alors que les textes ne faisaient état pratiquement que d'unités viêt envoyées par les Nguyên pour épauler l'ubhayorāj khmer, cette fois ce sont surtout les Chinois anciens partisans des Ming précédemment évoqués, que les textes mettent en avant. Si plusieurs documents khmers et occidentaux font jouer à ces Chinois un rôle déterminant à côté de troupes viêt en faveur de l'ubhayorāj, un certain nombre d'entre eux mentionnent aussi la présence de troupes siamoises dans le camp du roi Jayajeṭṭhā III. En revanche, aucun texte vietnamien ne parle d'un engagement de troupes viêt au Cambodge pendant cette période.
Un film entre deux rives
Authors: Buisson-Fenet Emmanuel 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	Peu de témoignages, et moins encore d’œuvres produites par des Algériens racontent l’exil vécu par les centaines d’artistes, de journalistes, de médecins, d’enseignants et bien d’autres vivant en France, depuis 1993 et les premiers assassinats d’intellectuels en Algérie. En montrant cet exil, L’Oasis de la belle de Mai , film de J.P. Lledo toujours en attente d’une diffusion télévisée, raconte aussi à sa manière trente années passées à remodeler l’identité algérienne.
La cage de verre
Authors: Mesnard Philippe 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	Le 11 mai 1960, les services secrets israéliens kidnappent Otto Adolf Eichmann en Argentine, où il coule des jours paisibles. Le 11 avril 1961, il comparaît devant le tribunal de Jérusalem. Ce procès est organisé comme un véritable spectacle. C’est une des dimensions qui a retenu l’attention d’Eyal Sivan et de Roni Braumann.
Fairness doctrine
Authors: Sève Bernard , Zaoui Pierre 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	Vacarme a choisi d’interroger Bernard Manin. Ce n’est pas un « expert en experts » (il y en a !), mais un théoricien de la politique et des systèmes démocratiques, chercheur au CNRS et professeur à la New York University. Ses Principes du gouvernement représentatif viennent de paraître dans la collection Champs.
Famille nombreuse
Authors: Mangeot Philippe 
Published: October 2014

Résumé Ils sont deux hommes ; ils vivent ensemble depuis bientôt sept ans. Ils ont sept petites filles. A une époque où des groupes militants réclament de plus en plus fermement, outre un contrat d’union sociale, un droit pour les gays et les lesbiennes d’adopter des enfants, nous avons voulu leur donner la parole pour témoigner d’une expérience singulière, et faire tomber au passage un certain nombre d’idées reçues. Portrait de groupe, avec des parents très ordinaires et des enfants qui le sont peut-être un peu moins.
Riches, peuples, marginaux : qui est minoritaire ?
Authors: Quesde Jacques 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	L’idée d’une politique minoritaire nous vient des États-Unis, non du « Black Power » des années 1960, mais déjà des Fédéralistes du XVIIIe siècle : avant d’être reprise par des populations marginalisées, elle fut élaborée par la minorité des riches propriétaires. Cette histoire mérite d’être interrogée, dès lors qu’on se demande quel peut être, en droit, le rêve politique des minorités.
Frequency of 11q23/MLL gene rearrangement in Egyptian childhood acute myeloblastic leukemia: Biologic and clinical significance
Authors: Hagag Adel Abdelhaleim , Shebl Shebl S. , El-Fadaly Nabih H. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Background: Molecular cytogenetic abnormalities involving 11q23 are among the most common cytogenetic abnormalities in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Aim of the work: we aimed to evaluate the frequency of MLL/AF9 fusion gene in de novo AML patients, its impact on clinical features, and its prognostic significance. Patients and Methods: Twenty-eight children patients with AML and 20 healthy controls were subjected to complete clinical examination and laboratory investigations including, complete hemogram and bone marrow (BM) examination. Diagnosis was based on FAB morphologic and immunophenotypic criteria. Detection of (MLL/AF9) fusion gene was assessed by dual color fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Follow-up were carried out clinically and by blast count in BM, and response to therapy to detect the outcome of the disease. Results: The incidence of MLL-fusion gene MLL/AF9 in AML cases was about (6/28) (21%). Four patients with MLL/AF9 fusion gene were newly diagnosed, two cases were at relapse and no patient at remission showed positivity. As regard the clinical outcome, five out of six MLL positive cases died, three of them during induction and two during relapse. The FAB AML subtypes with MLL/AF9 fusion were one M2, three M4, and two M5. Conclusion: MLL-fusion gene MLL/AF9 was found in about 21% of studied AML patients when assessed by FISH technique and this is of high clinical relevance as most of these abnormalities have been associated with poor prognosis.
Prognostic value of metastatic lymph nodal ratio in squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus: A three-step extrapolative study
Authors: Ravishankaran Praveen , Krishnamurthy Arvind 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Background: Transthoracic esophagectomy (TTE) and transhiatal esophagectomy (THE) are the two most common surgical approaches for carcinoma esophagus. Several studies have shown lymph nodal involvement to be one of the most important prognostic factors in carcinoma esophagus. Aims: The primary objective of this study was to explore the effectiveness of the ratio of positive lymph nodes to excised lymph nodes, namely the metastatic lymph nodal ratio (MLNR) as a prognostic factor in the survival of patients with carcinoma esophagus. Settings and Design: Retrospective analysis of a prospective database. Materials and Methods: A review of the operated esophageal cancer patients treated at a tertiary cancer center in South India between January 2002 and December 2006. Statistical analysis was done with the help of SPSS version 17 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Proportions were compared using the Chi-square test. Survival data was generated using life table methods. Differences in survival estimates were compared using log-rank test. Results and Conclusions: Our study emphatically showed that the survival outcomes of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus can be discriminated based on the MLNR groups, and it can be a reliable prognostic indicator. The overall survival for patients undergoing TTE, or THE for the entire cohort of patients was however not statistically significant. Whether a more aggressive TTE is a better esophageal cancer operation or whether MLNR is the factor that can significantly impact survival regardless of the technique is an issue that would require further investigation.
Radiotherapy-enhanced ototoxicity in elderly
Authors: Malgonde Monika S. , Kumar Manoj 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Introduction: Most head and neck cancers occur in elderly age and there is a natural occurrence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) due to age also. Despite the ages and the physiological changes inherent to ageing, their auditory systems when exposed to aggressive agents caused the hearing loss to be greater as a consequence of the treatment received. Materials and Methods: Histopathologically proved 66 head and neck cancer patients were subjected to radiotherapy (RT) and 34 patients were subjected to concomitant chemoradiation (RT + CT) to study the occurrence of SNHL from 1 st September 2010 to 31 st August 2012. Result: It was found that the percentage of significant SNHL was more in patients >50 years after RT and RT + CT. It was also found that the results were significant. Conclusion: The occurrence of SNHL is more in elderly and the concern for the quality of life of patients undergoing cancer treatment is necessarily growing. Hence, the determination of hearing loss should be a part of investigations to enable better rehabilitation in elderly.
Urodynamic and continence assessment of orthotropic neobladder reconstruction following radical cystectomy in bladder cancer; a prospective, blinded North Indian tertiary care experience
Authors: Singh Vishwajeet , Mandal Swarnendu , Patil Sachin , Sinha Rahul Janak , Gupta Dheeraj Kumar , Sankhwar Satya Narayan 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to compare urodynamic and continence parameters among patients undergoing orthotropic neo-bladder substitution with sigmoid or ileal segments. Variations in the Urodynamic parameter between the continent and incontinent patients were also evaluated. Patients and Methods: From January 2008 to March 2012, 44 patients underwent ileal neobladder (IN) reconstruction and 36 patients underwent sigmoid neobladder (SN) reconstruction. Evaluation of Urodynamic and Continence parameters was performed at 12 months after surgery. Results: The average capacity of IN and SN was 510 ml and 532 ml respectively. The voiding pressure, mean peak flow rates and post void residual urine (PVRU) for IN and SN were 27.5 cm H 2 O versus 37 cm H 2 O, 15ml/s versus 17ml/s and 36 ml versus 25 ml respectively. Daytime continence for IN and SN was 93% (41/44) and 89% (32/36), and night-time continence was 91% (40/44) and 78% (28/36) respectively. The compliance, maximum cystometric capacity and PVRU in the daytime continent (versus incontinent) were 61 (versus 41), 471 (versus 651) and 22 (versus 124) and in the night-time continent (versus incontinent) were 57 (versus 43), 437 (versus 654) and 18 (versus 105) respectively. Conclusion: A neobladder constructed from detubularized ileum or sigmoid achieves urodynamically proven adequate capacity and compliance with 89-93% daytime and 78-91% night time continence. Continent men when compared with incontinent (both daytime and night time) were more likely to have comparatively higher compliance, lower maximum cystometric capacity and lower PVRU. Urodynamic study could predict which incontinent men would improve with pelvic floor exercises and clean intermittent catheterization (CIC).
Essential Commutants of Semicrossed Products
Authors: Hasegawa Kei 
Published: October 2014

AbstractLet α: G ↷ M be a spatial action of a countable abelian group on a “spatial” von Neumann algebra M and let S be its unital subsemigroup with G = S-1S. We explicitly compute the essential commutant and the essential fixed-points, modulo the Schatten p-class or the compact operators, of the w*-semicrossed product of M by S when M' contains no non-zero compact operators. We also prove a weaker result when M is a von Neumann algebra on a finite dimensional Hilbert space and (G, S) = (ℤ, ℤ+), which extends a famous result due to Davidson (1977) for the classical analytic Toeplitz operators.
Shallow methane hydrate system controls ongoing, downslope sediment transport in a low‐velocity active submarine landslide complex, Hikurangi Margin, New Zealand
Authors: Mountjoy Joshu J. , Pecher Ingo , Henrys Stuart , Crutchley Gareth , Barnes Philip M. , Plaza‐Faverola Andreia 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMorphological and seismic data from a submarine landslide complex east of New Zealand indicate flow‐like deformation within gas hydrate‐bearing sediment. This “creeping” deformation occurs immediately downslope of where the base of gas hydrate stability reaches the seafloor, suggesting involvement of gas hydrates. We present evidence that, contrary to conventional views, gas hydrates can directly destabilize the seafloor. Three mechanisms could explain how the shallow gas hydrate system could control these landslides. (1) Gas hydrate dissociation could result in excess pore pressure within the upper reaches of the landslide. (2) Overpressure below low‐permeability gas hydrate‐bearing sediments could cause hydrofracturing in the gas hydrate zone valving excess pore pressure into the landslide body. (3) Gas hydrate‐bearing sediment could exhibit time‐dependent plastic deformation enabling glacial‐style deformation. We favor the final hypothesis that the landslides are actually creeping seafloor glaciers. The viability of rheologically controlled deformation of a hydrate sediment mix is supported by recent laboratory observations of time‐dependent deformation behavior of gas hydrate‐bearing sands. The controlling hydrate is likely to be strongly dependent on formation controls and intersediment hydrate morphology. Our results constitute a paradigm shift for evaluating the effect of gas hydrates on seafloor strength which, given the widespread occurrence of gas hydrates in the submarine environment, may require a reevaluation of slope stability following future climate‐forced variation in bottom‐water temperature.
Lucky Strike seamount: Implications for the emplacement and rifting of segment‐centered volcanoes at slow spreading mid‐ocean ridges
Authors: Escartín J. , Soule S. A. , Cannat M. , Fornari D. J. , Düşünür D. , Garcia R. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe history of emplacement, tectonic evolution, and dismemberment of a central volcano within the rift valley of the slow spreading Mid‐Atlantic Ridge at the Lucky Strike Segment is deduced using near‐bottom sidescan sonar imagery and visual observations. Volcano emplacement is rapid (<1 Myr), associated with focused eruptions, and with effusion rates feeding lava flows that bury tectonic features developed prior to and during volcano construction. This volcanic phase likely requires efficient melt pooling and a long‐lived crustal magma chamber as a melt source. A reduction in melt supply triggers formation of an axial graben rifting the central volcano, and the onset of seafloor spreading may eventually split it. At Lucky Strike, this results in two modes of crustal construction. Eruptions and tectonic activity focus at a narrow graben that bisects the central volcano and contains the youngest lava flows, accumulating a thick layer of extrusives. Away from the volcano summit, deformation and volcanic emplacement is distributed throughout the rift valley floor, lacking a clear locus of accretion and deformation. Volcanic emplacement on the rift floor is characterized by axial volcanic ridges fed by dikes that propagate from the central axial magma chamber. The mode of rapid volcano construction and subsequent rifting observed at the Lucky Strike seamount is common at other central volcanoes along the global mid‐ocean ridge system.