bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The day‐to‐day concurrence of bodily complaints and affect in patients with severe somatoform disorder
Authors: Houtveen Jan H. , Lipovsky Myriam M. , Kool Marloes , Sorbi Marjolijn , Bühring Martina E.F. , van Broeckhuysen‐Kloth Saskia 
Published: June 2015

Based on the concept of somatization, psychological distress can be experienced as symptoms of physical illness. This suggests a close‐fitting intra‐individual association between bodily complaints and mood in patients with somatoform disorder (SFD). The contemporaneous day‐to‐day complaints‐mood association was investigated in patients with severe chronic SFD using an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) design. Eleven patients, who had recently received specialized tertiary care treatment for severe chronic SFD, kept an online electronic diary for four consecutive weeks. They were prompted at intervals throughout the day to complete questions on their momentary primary symptoms (pain and fatigue), and mood state (negative and positive). For each measure, day‐mean aggregated values were computed and analyzed using linear multilevel (mixed model) regression analysis. Fixed factor results showed that symptoms were associated with both negative mood state (β = 0.47) and positive mood state (β = –0.59). Random results, however, indicated large inter‐individual differences, with correlations varying between 0.17 and 0.99 for negative affect, and between –0.88 and 0.14 for positive affect. A substantial day‐to‐day contemporaneous association between symptoms and affect across subjects, as well as large inter‐individual differences in this association, were demonstrated in patients with severe chronic SFD. EMA‐data showing the relationship between both negative and (inverse) positive mood and complaints has potential clinical relevance: providing SFD patients with feedback consisting of their personal day‐to‐day concurrency graph may promote their understanding of their own complaints in a broader context than the somatic area.
Racism and Anti‐Racism in Families: Insights from Performativity Theory
Authors: Nelson Jacqueline K. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractPossibilities for anti‐racism within the spaces of family life have not yet been contemplated in any depth in the extant anti‐racism literature. To address this, the first section of this paper demonstrates that families are a potentially critical site for anti‐racism, reviewing a large body of evidence demonstrating the key role families play in socialisation processes and in the development of racial attitudes. I also look at what can be gleaned from the literature on interethnic intimacy. The second section turns to the possibilities for anti‐racism within families, suggesting that too little is known about how members of families negotiate instances of racism, or the strategies used to restage or subvert racist discourses and practices within the family. The potential for anti‐racist performances to challenge expressions of racism in families has largely been overlooked in the international literature. I argue that the framework of performativity has utility for analysing responses to racism in families. Performativity theories conceptualise individual acts/utterances of racism and anti‐racism as enacting broader cultural values and structures. Viewing racism in families through theories of performativity directs us to consider how racist speech can be disrupted or strategically rejected and, hence, identify possibilities for anti‐racism.
Participation of α2‐adrenoceptors in sodium appetite inhibition during sickness behaviour following administration of lipopolysaccharide
Authors: De Luca Laurival A. , Almeida Roberto L. , David Richard B. , de Paula Patricia M. , Andrade Carina A. F. , Menani José V. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSickness behaviour, a syndrome characterized by a general reduction in animal activity, is part of the active‐phase response to fight infection. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an effective endotoxin to model sickness behaviour, reduces thirst and sodium excretion, and increases neurohypophysial secretion. Here we review the effects of LPS on thirst and sodium appetite. Altered renal function and hydromineral fluid intake in response to LPS occur in the context of behavioural reorganization, which manifests itself as part of the syndrome. Recent data show that, in addition to its classical effect on thirst, non‐septic doses of LPS injected intraperitoneally produce a preferential inhibition of intracellular thirst versus extracellular thirst. Moreover, LPS also reduced hypertonic NaCl intake in sodium‐depleted rats that entered a sodium appetite test. Antagonism of α2‐adrenoceptors abolished the effect of LPS on sodium appetite. LPS and cytokine transduction potentially recruit brain noradrenaline and α2‐adrenoceptors to control sodium appetite and sickness behaviour.
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A tale of two CLCs: biophysical insights toward understanding ClC‐5 and ClC‐7 function in endosomes and lysosomes
Authors: Zifarelli Giovanni 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe CLC protein family comprises both Cl− channels and H+‐coupled anion transporters. The understanding of the critical role of CLC proteins in a number of physiological functions has greatly contributed to a revision of the classical paradigm that attributed to Cl− ions only a marginal role in human physiology. The endosomal ClC‐5 and the lysosomal ClC‐7 are the best characterized human CLC transporters. Their dysfunction causes Dent's disease and osteopetrosis, respectively. It had been originally proposed that they would provide a Cl− shunt conductance allowing efficient acidification of intracellular compartments. However, this model seems to conflict with the transport properties of these proteins and with recent physiological evidence. Currently, there is no consensus on their specific physiological role. CLC proteins present also a number of peculiar biophysical properties, such as the dimeric architecture, the co‐existence of intrinsically different thermodynamic modes of transport based on similar structural principles, and the gating mechanism recently emerging for the transporters, just to name a few. This review focuses on the biophysical properties and physiological roles of ClC‐5 and ClC‐7.
Green Synthesis of Silver and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Using Euphorbia prostrata Extract Shows Shift from Apoptosis to G
0
/G
1
Arrest followed by Necrotic Cell Death in Leishmania donovani
Authors: Zahir Abdul Abduz , Chauhan Indira Singh , Bagavan Asokan , Kamaraj Chinnaperumal , Elango Gandhi , Shankar Jai , Arjaria Nidhi , Roopan Selvaraj Mohana , Rahuman Abdul Abdul , Singh Neeloo 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study was to synthesize silver (Ag) and titanium dioxide (TiO
2
) nanoparticles (NPs) using green synthesis from aqueous leaf extract of
Euphorbia prostrata
as antileishmanial agents and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of induced cell death.
In vitro
antileishmanial activity of synthesized NPs was tested against promastigotes of
Leishmania donovani
by alamarBlue and propidium iodide uptake assays. Antileishmanial activity of synthesized NPs on intracellular amastigotes was assessed by Giemsa staining. The leishmanicidal effect of synthesized Ag NPs was further confirmed by DNA fragmentation assay and by cell cycle progression and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of the treated parasites. TEM analysis of the synthesized Ag NPs showed a spherical shape with an average size of 12.82 ± 2.50 nm, and in comparison to synthesized TiO
2
NPs, synthesized Ag NPs were found to be most active against
Leishmania
parasites after 24 h exposure, with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC
50
) of 14.94 μg/ml and 3.89 μg/ml in promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes, respectively. A significant increase in G
0
/G
1
phase of the cell cycle with a subsequent decrease in S (synthesis) and G
2
/M phases compared to controls was observed. The growth-inhibitory effect of synthesized Ag NPs was attributed to increased length of S phase. A decreased reactive oxygen species level was also observed, which could be responsible for the caspase-independent shift from apoptosis (G
0
/G
1
arrest) to massive necrosis. High-molecular-weight DNA fragmentation as a positive consequence of necrotic cell death was also visualized. We also report that the unique trypanothione/trypanothione reductase (TR) system of
Leishmania
cells was significantly inhibited by synthesized Ag NPs. The green-synthesized Ag NPs may provide promising leads for the development of cost-effective and safer alternative treatment against visceral leishmaniasis.
Molecular Analysis of the
embCAB
Locus and
embR
Gene Involved in Ethambutol Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in France
Authors: Brossier Florence , Sougakoff Wladimir , Bernard Christine , Petrou Matthieu , Adeyema Karine , Pham Anne , Amy de la Breteque Diane , Vallet Marine , Jarlier Vincent , Sola Christophe , Veziris Nicolas 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Modification of codon 306 in
embB
is regarded as the main mechanism leading to ethambutol (ETB) resistance in clinical isolates of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
. However, numerous mutations elsewhere in the
embCAB
locus and in
embR
, a putative transcriptional activator of this locus, have been reported to be involved in ETB resistance. Here, we investigated the diversity of nucleotide variations observed in
embCAB
and
embR
in
M. tuberculosis
complex isolates from France. These regions were sequenced in 71 ETB-resistant (ETB-R) and 60 ETB-susceptible (ETB-S) clinical isolates of known phylogenetic lineages. The 131 isolates had 12 mutations corresponding to phylogenetic markers. Among the 60 ETB-S isolates, only 3 (5%) had nonsynonymous mutations that were not phylogenetic markers. Among the 71 ETB-R isolates, 98% had mutations in
embCAB
that likely contribute to ETB resistance: 70% had mutations located in
embB
codon 306, 406, or 497; 13% had mutations located outside these three positions between codons 296 and 426; and 15% had mutations corresponding to mutations in the
embC-embA
intergenic region. We found a strong association between resistance to ETB and the presence of mutations in
embB
and the
embC-embA
intergenic region (
P
< 0.001). In contrast, the mutations detected in
embC
and
embA
were not involved in ETB resistance, and no mutation was detected in
embR
. These results strongly suggest that the sensitivity of diagnostic assays for detecting ETB resistance based on testing of
embB
codon 306 can be increased by testing of the
embB
region between codons 296 and 497 and by including the
embC-embA
intergenic region between positions −8 and −21.
Altered Competitive Fitness, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Cellular Morphology in a Triclosan-Induced Small-Colony Variant of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Forbes Sarah , Latimer Joe , Bazaid Abdulrahman , McBain Andrew J. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus aureus
can produce small-colony variants (SCVs) that express various phenotypes. While their significance is unclear, SCV propagation may be influenced by relative fitness, antimicrobial susceptibility, and the underlying mechanism. We have investigated triclosan-induced generation of SCVs in six
S. aureus
strains, including methicillin-resistant
S. aureus
(MRSA). Parent strains (P0) were repeatedly passaged on concentration gradients of triclosan using a solid-state exposure system to generate P10. P10 was subsequently passaged without triclosan to generate X10. Susceptibility to triclosan and 7 antibiotics was assessed at all stages. For
S. aureus
ATCC 6538, SCVs were further characterized by determining microbicide susceptibility and competitive fitness. Cellular morphology was examined using electron microscopy, and protein expression was evaluated through proteomics. Triclosan susceptibility in all SCVs (which could be generated from 4/6 strains) was markedly decreased, while antibiotic susceptibility was significantly increased in the majority of cases. An SCV of
S. aureus
ATCC 6538 exhibited significantly increased susceptibility to all tested microbicides. Cross-wall formation was impaired in this bacterium, while expression of FabI, a target of triclosan, and IsaA, a lytic transglycosylase involved in cell division, was increased. The P10 SCV was 49% less fit than P0. In summary, triclosan exposure of
S. aureus
produced SCVs in 4/6 test bacteria, with decreased triclosan susceptibility but with generally increased antibiotic susceptibility. An SCV derived from
S. aureus
ATCC 6538 showed reduced competitive fitness, potentially due to impaired cell division. In this SCV, increased FabI expression could account for reduced triclosan susceptibility, while IsaA may be upregulated in response to cell division defects.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Folate Metabolism and the Mechanistic Basis for
para
-Aminosalicylic Acid Susceptibility and Resistance
Authors: Minato Yusuke , Thiede Joshua M. , Kordus Shannon Lynn , McKlveen Edward J. , Turman Breanna J. , Baughn Anthony D. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

para
-Aminosalicylic acid (PAS) entered clinical use in 1946 as the second exclusive drug for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). While PAS was initially a first-line TB drug, the introduction of more potent antitubercular agents relegated PAS to the second-line tier of agents used for the treatment of drug-resistant
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
infections. Despite the long history of PAS usage, an understanding of the molecular and biochemical mechanisms governing the susceptibility and resistance of
M. tuberculosis
to this drug has lagged behind that of most other TB drugs. Herein, we discuss previous studies that demonstrate PAS-mediated disruption of iron acquisition, as well as recent genetic, biochemical, and metabolomic studies that have revealed that PAS is a prodrug that ultimately corrupts one-carbon metabolism through inhibition of the formation of reduced folate species. We also discuss findings from laboratory and clinical isolates that link alterations in folate metabolism to PAS resistance. These advancements in our understanding of the basis of the susceptibility and resistance of
M. tuberculosis
to PAS will enable the development of novel strategies to revitalize this and other antimicrobial agents for use in the global effort to eradicate TB.
Biofilm Formation Caused by Clinical Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates Is Associated with Overexpression of the AdeFGH Efflux Pump
Authors: He Xinlong , Lu Feng , Yuan Fenglai , Jiang Donglin , Zhao Peng , Zhu Jie , Cheng Huali , Cao Jun , Lu Guozhong 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Chronic wound infections are associated with biofilm formation, which in turn has been correlated with drug resistance. However, the mechanism by which bacteria form biofilms in clinical environments is not clearly understood. This study was designed to investigate the biofilm formation potency of
Acinetobacter baumannii
and the potential association of biofilm formation with genes encoding efflux pumps, quorum-sensing regulators, and outer membrane proteins. A total of 48 clinically isolated
A. baumannii
strains, identified by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR as types A-II, A-III, and A-IV, were analyzed. Three representative strains, which were designated
A. baumannii
ABR2, ABR11, and ABS17, were used to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility, biofilm inducibility, and gene transcription (
abaI
,
adeB
,
adeG
,
adeJ
,
carO
, and
ompA
). A significant increase in the MICs of different classes of antibiotics was observed in the biofilm cells. The formation of a biofilm was significantly induced in all the representative strains exposed to levofloxacin. The levels of gene transcription varied between bacterial genotypes, antibiotics, and antibiotic concentrations. The upregulation of
adeG
correlated with biofilm induction. The consistent upregulation of
adeG
and
abaI
was detected in A-III-type
A. baumannii
in response to levofloxacin and meropenem (1/8 to 1/2× the MIC), conditions which resulted in the greatest extent of biofilm induction. This study demonstrates a potential role of the AdeFGH efflux pump in the synthesis and transport of autoinducer molecules during biofilm formation, suggesting a link between low-dose antimicrobial therapy and a high risk of biofilm infections caused by
A. baumannii
. This study provides useful information for the development of antibiofilm strategies.
Increased Vancomycin Susceptibility in Mycobacteria: a New Approach To Identify Synergistic Activity against Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacteria
Authors: Soetaert Karine , Rens Céline , Wang Xiao-Ming , De Bruyn Jacqueline , Lanéelle Marie-Antoinette , Laval Françoise , Lemassu Anne , Daffé Mamadou , Bifani Pablo , Fontaine Véronique , Lefèvre Philippe 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium tuberculosis
is wrapped in complex waxes, impermeable to most antibiotics. Comparing
Mycobacterium bovis
BCG and
M. tuberculosis
mutants that lack phthiocerol dimycocerosates (PDIM) and/or phenolic glycolipids with wild-type strains, we observed that glycopeptides strongly inhibited PDIM-deprived mycobacteria. Vancomycin together with a drug targeting lipid synthesis inhibited multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) clinical isolates. Our study puts glycopeptides in the pipeline of potential antituberculosis (TB) agents and might provide a new antimycobacterial drug-screening strategy.
Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica Phage Det7
Authors: Casjens Sherwood R. , Jacobs-Sera Deborah , Hatfull Graham F. , Hendrix Roger W. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Det7 is a
Myoviridae
bacteriophage that gains entry into its
Salmonella enterica
serovar Typhimurium host cells by adsorbing to O-antigen polysaccharide. We report here the complete 157,498-bp sequence of its genome. Det7, together with its Vi01-like relatives, are distantly related to phage T4.
Complete Genome Sequences of Chikungunya Virus Strains Isolated in Mexico: First Detection of Imported and Autochthonous Cases
Authors: Díaz-Quiñonez José Alberto , Ortiz-Alcántara Joanna , Fragoso-Fonseca David Esaú , Garcés-Ayala Fabiola , Escobar-Escamilla Noé , Vázquez-Pichardo Mauricio , Núñez-León Alma , Torres-Rodríguez María de la Luz , Torres-Longoria Belem , López-Martínez Irma , Ruíz-Matus Cuitláhuac , Kuri-Morales Pablo , Ramírez-González José Ernesto 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

The mosquito-borne chikungunya virus, an alphavirus of the
Togaviridae
family, is responsible for acute polyarthralgia epidemics. Here, we report the complete genome sequences of two chikungunya virus strains, InDRE04 and InDRE51, identified in the Mexican states of Jalisco and Chiapas in 2014. Phylogenetic analysis showed that both strains belong to the Asian genotype.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Polyhydroxyalkanoate-Producing Bacterium Burkholderia sacchari LMG 19450 Isolated from Brazilian Sugarcane Plantation Soil
Authors: Alexandrino Paulo Moises Raduan , Mendonça Thatiane Teixeira , Guamán Bautista Linda Priscila , Cherix Juliano , Lozano-Sakalauskas Gabriela Cazonato , Fujita André , Ramos Filho Edmar , Long Paul , Padilla Gabriel , Taciro Marilda Keico , Gomez José Gregório Cabrera , Silva Luiziana Ferreira 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Burkholderia sacchari
LMG 19450, isolated from the soil of a sugarcane plantation in Brazil, accumulates large amounts of polyhydroxyalkanoates from sucrose, xylose, other carbohydrates, and organic acids. We present the draft genome sequence of this industrially relevant bacterium, which is 7.2 Mb in size and has a G+C content of 64%.
Extreme Sensory Complexity Encoded in the 10-Megabase Draft Genome Sequence of the Chromatically Acclimating Cyanobacterium
Tolypothrix
sp. PCC 7601
Authors: Yerrapragada Shaila , Shukla Animesh , Hallsworth-Pepin Kymberlie , Choi Kwangmin , Wollam Aye , Clifton Sandra , Qin Xiang , Muzny Donna , Raghuraman Sriram , Ashki Haleh , Uzman Akif , Highlander Sarah K. , Fryszczyn Bartlomiej G. , Fox George E. , Tirumalai Madhan R. , Liu Yamei , Kim Sun , Kehoe David M. , Weinstock George M. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Tolypothrix
sp. PCC 7601 is a freshwater filamentous cyanobacterium with complex responses to environmental conditions. Here, we present its 9.96-Mbp draft genome sequence, containing 10,065 putative protein-coding sequences, including 305 predicted two-component system proteins and 27 putative phytochrome-class photoreceptors, the most such proteins in any sequenced genome.
Complete Genome Sequence of Cyanobacterium
Geminocystis
sp. Strain NIES-3708, Which Performs Type II Complementary Chromatic Acclimation
Authors: Hirose Yuu , Katayama Mitsunori , Ohtsubo Yoshiyuki , Misawa Naomi , Iioka Erica , Suda Wataru , Oshima Kenshiro , Hanaoka Mitsumasa , Tanaka Kan , Eki Toshihiko , Ikeuchi Masahiko , Kikuchi Yo , Ishida Makoto , Hattori Masahira 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

To explore the variation of the light-regulated genes during complementary chromatic acclimation (CCA), we determined the complete genome sequence of the cyanobacterium
Geminocystis
sp. strain NIES-3708. Within the light-regulated operon for CCA, we found genes for phycoerythrin but not phycocyanin, suggesting that this cyanobacterium modulates phycoerythrin composition only (type II CCA).
Draft Genome Sequence of Bordetella bronchiseptica KU1201, the First Isolation Source of Arylmalonate Decarboxylase
Authors: Yoshida Shosuke , Enoki Junichi , Hemmi Risa , Kourist Robert , Kawakami Norifumi , Miyamoto Kenji 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

The analysis of the 6.8-Mbp draft genome sequence of the phenylmalonate-assimilating bacterium
Bordetella bronchiseptica
KU1201 identified 6,358 protein-coding sequences. This will give us an insight into the catabolic variability of this strain for aromatic compounds, along with the roles of arylmalonate decarboxylases in nature.
Genome Sequences of
Pseudoalteromonas
Strains ATCC BAA-314, ATCC 70018, and ATCC 70019
Authors: Givan Scott A. , Zhou Ming-Yi , Bromert Karen , Bivens Nathan , Chapman Linda Fleet 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

The assembly and annotation of the draft genome sequences for
Pseudoalteromonas
strains ATCC BAA314, ATCC 700518, and ATCC 700519 reveal candidates for promoting symbiosis between
Pseudoalteromonas
strains and eukaryotes. Groups of genes generally associated with virulence are present in all three strains, suggesting that these bacteria may be pathogenic under specific circumstances.
Genome Sequence of a Carbapenem-Resistant Strain of Ralstonia mannitolilytica
Authors: Suzuki Masato , Nishio Hisaaki , Asagoe Kohsuke , Kida Kaneyuki , Suzuki Satowa , Matsui Mari , Shibayama Keigo 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Ralstonia mannitolilytica
, a Gram-negative aerobic bacterium, is an opportunistic human pathogen that is becoming more common in cases of nosocomial infections. We report for the first time the whole-genome sequence analysis of
R. mannitolilytica
strain MRY14-0246, which carries the intrinsic OXA-443/OXA-22-like and OXA-444/OXA-60-like β-lactamase genes and is resistant to meropenem.
Draft Genome Sequence of Se(IV)-Reducing Bacterium Pseudomonas migulae ES3-33
Authors: Li Xuanji , Kot Witold , Wang Dan , Zheng Shixue , Wang Gejiao , Hansen Lars H. , Rensing Christopher 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTPseudomonas migulaeES3-33 is a Gram-negative strain that strongly reduces Se(IV) and was isolated from a selenium mining area in Enshi, southwest China. Here we present the draft genome of this strain containing potential genes involved in selenite reduction and a large number of genes encoding resistances to copper and antibiotics.
First Complete Genome Sequence of an Emerging Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus Isolate in North America
Authors: Li Rugang , Zheng Yi , Fei Zhangjun , Ling Kai-Shu 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT
The complete genome sequence (6,423 nucleotides [nt]) of an emerging cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) isolate on cucumber in North America was determined through deep sequencing of small (sRNA) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The virus shares 99% nucleotide sequence identity with the Asian genotype but only 90% with the European genotype.