bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA Base Pair Polarities of Pyrimidine(s)-Purine(s) (Pyu) dsDNA induce stronger Hybridization and unique DNA Conformation compared to Purine(s)-Pyrimidine(s) (Puy) dsDNA
Authors: Lee Suk Keun , Lee Dae Gwan , Kim Yeon Sook 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe present study introduces a concept of DNA base pair polarity in double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), which has led the serial investigation of hydrogen bonding magnetic resonance-based gene regulation. DNA base pair polarity is characterized by hydrogen bonding between electrostatically positive purine and negative pyrimidine, exerting the stabilization and organization of dsDNA. Comparison of DNA hybridization potential between Pyu (pyrimidine(s)-purine(s)) and Puy (purine(s)-pyrimidine(s)) oligo-dsDNAs in EtBr intercalated electrophoresis showed that Pyu ds(nTnA) (n=3, 4,5,6,7,8,10,12) and ds(nCnA) (n=7,8,10,12) exhibit stronger hybridization than Puy ds(nAnT) and ds(nAnC), respectively. In the HPLC for DNA conformation change in 0.1M NaCl solution, Pyu oligo-dsDNA tended to have a larger peak area than Puy oligo-dsDNA, indicating that the former had a more extended and organized DNA conformation than the latter. FT-IR results showed that Pyu ds3T3A, ds3C3G, dsCTCGAG, and dsTCTAGA showed higher IR absorbance at 3400-3200 cm-1than Puy ds3A3T, ds3G3C, dsGAGCTC, and dsAGATCT, respectively, indicating Pyu oligo-dsDNAs have increased N-H stretching in hybridization than Puy oligo-dsDNAs.In vitroRNA transcription from template plasmid DNAs inserted with six segments of Pyu ds6(TCTGA) and positive ds14(GA) produced more RNA than those with seven segments of palindromic Pyu ds(CATG) and negative ds14(CT), respectively, indicating the former plays a stimulating role for RNA transcription while the latter plays an inhibitory role. When comparing PCR primers between Pyu ds12/n(nCnA) and Puy ds12/n(nAnC) (n=1,2,3,4,6,12), Pyu primers can easily hybridize on template DNA and subsequently produce abundant DNA compared to Puy primers. The data suggest that Pyu oligo-dsDNAs hybridize strongly and form distinctive conformation, thereby stimulating RNA transcription more than Puy oligo-dsDNAs. Since Pyu oligo-dsDNA appears to preserve DNA signal and conformation relevant to DNA function more efficiently than Puy dsDNA, it is proposed that the entire DNA code can be divided into Pyu dsDNAs with unique DNA base pair polarities.
Growth patterns of theoretical bite force and jaw musculature in southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis)
Authors: Law Chris J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe transition from milk to solid food requires drastic changes in the morphology of the feeding apparatus and its performance. As durophagous mammals, southern sea otters exhibit significant ontogenetic changes in cranial and mandibular morphology to presumably enable them to feed on a variety of hard-shelled invertebrate prey. Juvenile sea otters begin feeding independently by 6 –8 months of age, but how quickly they reach sufficient maturity in biting performances remains unknown. Here, I found that theoretical bite force of southern sea otters does not reach full maturation until during the adult stage at 3.6 and 5.0 years of age in females and males, respectively. The slow maturation of biting performance can be directly attributed to the slow growth and development of the cranium and the primary jaw adductor muscle (i.e., the temporalis) and may ultimately impact the survival of newly weaned juveniles by limiting their ability to process certain hard-shelled prey. Alterative foraging behaviors such as tool use, however, may mitigate the disadvantages of delayed maturation of biting performance. In analyses of sexual dimorphism, I found that female otters reached bite force maturation earlier whereas male otters exhibit initial rapid growth in bite force–to quickly reach sufficient biting performances needed to process prey early in life–followed by a slower growth phase towards bite force maturation that coincides with sexual maturity. This biphasic growth in bite force suggests that male to male competition for resources and mates exhibits strong selection in the growth and development of skull form and function in male otters. Overall, this study demonstrates how the analysis of anatomical data can provide insight on the foraging ecologies and life histories of sea otters across ontogeny.
Identification of an intrinsically disordered region (IDR) in arginyltransferase 1 (ATE1)
Authors: Cartwright Misti , Parakra Rinky , Oduwole Ayomide , Zhang Fangliang , Deredge Daniel J. , Smith Aaron T. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractArginyltransferase 1 (ATE1) catalyzes arginylation, an important post-translational modification (PTM) in eukaryotes that plays a critical role in cellular homeostasis. The disruption of ATE1 function is implicated in mammalian neurodegenerative disorders and cardiovascular maldevelopment, while post-translational arginylation has also been linked to the activities of several important human viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and HIV. Despite the known significance of ATE1 in mammalian cellular function, past biophysical studies of this enzyme have mainly focused on yeast ATE1, leaving the mechanism of arginylation in mammalian cells unclear. In this study, we sought to structurally and biophysically characterize mouse (Mus musculus) ATE1. Using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS), assisted by AlphaFold modeling, we found that mouse ATE1 is structurally more complex than yeast ATE1. Importantly, our data indicate the existence of an intrinsically disordered region (IDR) in all mouse ATE1 splice variants. However, comparative HDX-MS analyses show that yeast ATE1 does not have such an IDR, consistent with prior X-ray, cryo-EM, and SAXS analyses. Furthermore, bioinformatics approaches reveal that mammalian ATE1 sequences, as well as in a large majority of other eukaryotes, contain an IDR-like sequence positioned in proximity to the ATE1 GNAT active-site fold. Computational analysis suggests that the IDR likely facilitates the formation of the complex between ATE1 and tRNAArg, adding a new complexity to ATE1 structure and providing new insights for future studies of ATE1 functions.For Table of Contents Use Only
High-resolution structures of the UapA purine transporter reveal unprecedented aspects of the elevator-type transport mechanism
Authors: Broutzakis George , Pyrris Yiannis , Akrani Ifigeneia , Neuhaus Alexander , Mikros Emmanuel , Diallinas George , Gatsogiannis Christos 
Published: August 2024

SummaryUapA is an extensively studied elevator-type purine transporter from the model fungusAspergillus nidulans. Determination of a 3.6Å inward-facing crystal structure lacking the cytoplasmic N-and C-tails, molecular dynamics (MD), and functional studies have led to speculative models of its transport mechanism and determination of substrate specificity. Here, we report full-length cryo-EM structures of UapA in new inward-facing apo- and substrate-loaded conformations at 2.05-3.5 Å in detergent and lipid nanodiscs. The structures reveal in an unprecedented level of detail the role of water molecules and lipids in substrate binding, specificity, dimerization, and activity, rationalizing accumulated functional data. Unexpectedly, the N-tail is structured and interacts with both the core and scaffold domains. This finding, combined with mutational and functional studies and MD, points out how N-tail interactions couple proper subcellular trafficking and transport activity by wrapping UapA in a conformation necessary for ER-exit and but also critical for elevator-type conformational changes associated with substrate translocation once UapA has integrated into the plasma membrane. Our study provides detailed insights into important aspects of the elevator-type transport mechanism and opens novel issues on how the evolution of extended cytosolic tails in eukaryotic transporters, apparently needed for subcellular trafficking, might have been integrated into the transport mechanism.
Analysis and control of an active balance tail for the tilting dual-rotor UAV
Authors: Xu Yurui , Gao Liang , Liu Benshan , Zhang Junming , Zhu Yanhe , Zhao Jie , Li Liyi 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
Compared to quad-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), the tilting dual-rotor UAV is more prone to instability during exercises and disturbances. The purpose of this paper is using an active balance tail to enhance the hovering stability and motion smoothness of tilting dual-rotor UAV.

Design/methodology/approach
A balance tail is proposed and integrated into the tilting dual-rotor UAV to enhance hovering stability and motion smoothness. By strategically moving, the balance tail generates additional force and moment, which can promote the rapid stability of the UAV. Subsequently, the control strategy of the UAV is designed, and the influence of the swing of the balance tail at different installation positions with different masses on the dual-rotor UAV is analyzed through simulation. The accompany motion law and the active control, which is based on cascade Proportion Integration Differentiation (PID) control to enhance the hovering stability and motion smoothness of the UAV, are proposed.

Findings
The results demonstrate that active control has obvious adjustment effectiveness when the UAV moves to the target position or makes an emergency stop compared with the results of balance tail no swing and accompany motion.

Practical implications
The balance tail offers a straightforward means to enhance the motion smoothness of tilting dual-rotor UAV, rendering it safer and more reliable for practical applications.

Originality/value
The novelty of this works comes from the application of an active balance tail to improve the stability and motion smoothness of dual-rotor UAV.
Stigma toward individuals with intellectual disabilities and severe mental disorders: analysis of postgraduate university students’ perceptions
Authors: Moraleda Ruano Alvaro , Galán-Casado Diego 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to delve into societal stigma surrounding severe mental disorders and intellectual disabilities, emphasizing gender differences and students’ proximity influence.

Design/methodology/approach
Involving 572 Spanish master’s students, this nonexperimental study categorizes participants based on contact frequency, using Goratu and CAEE questionnaires to measure stigma.

Findings
Gender-based stigma differences are absent; however, increased contact correlates with lower stigma levels. Notably, greater closeness is associated with more positive attitudes toward intellectual disability, resulting in diminished stigma toward severe mental disorders.

Practical implications
This research sheds light on the pervasive stigma faced by individuals with intellectual disabilities and severe mental disorders among postgraduate university students. Notably, the recognition of widespread stigma among individuals with higher education highlights a more significant societal problem. The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions, especially in higher education contexts, to enhance understanding and reduce societal bias.

Social implications
By identifying factors influencing stigma and emphasizing the importance of contact in fostering empathy, the study lays the groundwork for informed socioeducational strategies. These strategies have the potential to promote inclusivity, challenge stereotypes and contribute to the well-being and social integration of those affected by intellectual disabilities and severe mental disorders.

Originality/value
The findings highlight the efficacy of direct contact in reducing stigma and underscore the necessity for nuanced understanding. The study suggests fostering positive attitudes through increased contact can combat prejudice and promote social inclusion. Nevertheless, further research is crucial to explore factors influencing stigma reduction and design comprehensive socioeducational interventions addressing diverse cultural proficiencies. This study contributes valuable insights for mitigating stigma, fostering inclusivity and informing future interventions.
The effects of high-performance work systems on the creativity of a faculty member: a moderated mediated analysis
Authors: Alsafadi Yousef , Al-Okaily Manaf , Al-Okaily Aws , Shiyyab Fadi Shehab 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the main factors by which the high-performance work system (HPWS) influences the creativity of faculty members in Jordanian institutions. This work seeks to examine the factors that may influence the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and faculty members’ creativity. The current study also seeks to fill the gaps and differences in the literature that addressed the subject of the study.

Design/methodology/approach
To achieve the main goal, the sample included 230 faculty members working in Jordanian universities in Jordan. After examination and scrutiny, it was found that 11 questionnaires were not suitable for analysis to take appropriate samples, 219 questionnaires were included in the survey.

Findings
The results of the paper showed that HPWS improves the entrepreneurial orientation, which in turn improves the creativity of the faculty member. Moreover, the results indicate that entrepreneurship education positively modifies the relationship between the entrepreneurial orientation and creativity of a faculty member.

Originality/value
The results of this study contribute to universities that seek to improve the creativity of their faculty members needing to apply the pioneering approach in the course of the educational process and create innovative creative ideas, and this in turn needs to be implemented HPWS. In addition, universities need to encourage and promote entrepreneurial education, moving away from traditional education. Lastly, this study is considered as one of the recent studies that dealt with a sample of faculty members and their creativity and linked it with HPWS. By developing new educational technologies and methods, the efficiency of knowledge transfer can be improved and access to high-quality education can be enhanced for all.
Three-dimensional scanning measurement and characterization of air gap entrapped on air ventilation garments with different fabrics and clothing sizes
Authors: Wang Wanwan , Zhao Mengmeng 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of clothing fabrics, sizes and air ventilation rate on the volume and thickness of the air gap under the air ventilation garments (AVGs).Design/methodology/approachThe geometric models of the human body and clothing were obtained by using a 3D body scanner. Then the distribution of the volume and thickness of the air gap for four clothing fabrics and three air ventilation rates (0L/S, 12L/S and 20L/S) were calculated by Geomagic software. Finally, a more suitable fabric was selected from the analysis to compare the distribution of the air gap entrapped for four clothing sizes (S, M, L and XL) and the three air ventilation rates.FindingsThe results show that the influence of air ventilation rate on the air gap volume and thickness is more obvious than that of the clothing fabrics and sizes. The higher is the air ventilation rate, the thicker is the air gap entrapped, and more evenly distributed is the air gap. It can be seen that the thickness of the air gap in the chest does not change significantly with the changes of the air ventilation rates, clothing fabrics and sizes, while the air gap in the waist is affected significantly.Originality/valueThis research provides a better understanding of the distribution of the air gap entrapped in ventilated garments, which can help in designing the optimal air gap dimensions and thus provide a basis and a reference for the design of the AVGs.
Effect of raceway surface topography based on solid lubrication on temperature rise characteristics of HIPSN full ceramic ball bearings
Authors: Li Songhua , Huang Shanhang , Wei Chao , Sun Jian , Wang Yonghua , Wang Kun 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
This study aims to understand the influence of raceway surface topography on the temperature rise characteristics of silicon nitride (Si3N4) full ceramic ball bearing and improve its service life.

Design/methodology/approach
The arithmetic average height Sa, skewness Ssk and kurtosis Sku in the three-dimensional surface roughness parameters are used to quantitatively characterize the surface topography of the raceway after superfinishing. The bearing life testing machine is used to test the Si3N4 full ceramic ball bearing using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) cage under dry friction conditions, and the self-lubricating full ceramic ball bearing heat generation model is established.

Findings
With the decrease of Sa and Ssk on the raceway surface and the increase of Sku, the average height of the raceway surface decreases, and the peaks and valleys tend to be symmetrically distributed on the average surface, and the surface texture becomes tighter. This kind of raceway surface topography is beneficial to form a thin and uniform filamentous PTFE transfer film with a wide coverage area on the raceway surface based on consuming less cage materials and improving the temperature rise characteristics of hot isostatic pressing silicon nitride full ceramic ball bearings.

Originality/value
The research results provide a theoretical basis for the reasonable selection of Si3N4 ring raceway processing technology and have important significance for improving the working characteristics and service life of Si3N4 full ceramic ball bearings under dry friction conditions.
High climbing and obstacle-crossing performance intelligent tracked inspection robot for cable trenches
Authors: Dong Linjie , Zhang Renfei , Liu Xiaohan , Li Jie , Wang Xingsong , Mengqian Tian 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
Regular cable trench inspection is crucial, and robotics automation provides an efficient and safer alternative to manual labor. However, existing robots have limited capabilities in traversing obstacles and lack a mechanical arm for detecting cables and equipment. This study aims to develop an intelligent robot for cable trench inspection, enhancing obstacle-crossing abilities and incorporating a mechanical arm for inspection tasks.

Design/methodology/approach
This study presents an intelligent robot for cable trench inspection, featuring a six-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm mounted on a six-track chassis with four flippers. The robot's climbing and obstacle-crossing stability, as well as the motion range of the mechanical arm, are analyzed. The positioning, navigation and remote monitoring systems are developed. Experiments, including climbing and obstacle-crossing performance tests, along with navigation and positioning system tests, are conducted. Finally, the robot's practicability is verified through field testing.

Findings
Equipped with flipper tracks, the cable trench inspection robot can traverse obstacles up to 30 cm high and maintain stable locomotion on 30° slopes. Its navigation system enables autonomous operation, while the mechanical arm performs cable current detection tasks. The remote monitoring system provides comprehensive control of the robot and environmental parameter monitoring in cable trenches.

Originality/value
The front and rear flipper tracks enhance the robot's ability to traverse obstacles in cable trenches. The mechanical arm addresses cable current and equipment contact detection issues. The navigation and remote monitoring systems improve the robot's autonomous operation and environmental monitoring capabilities. Implementing this robot can advance the automation and intelligence of cable trench inspections.
Do mandatory and voluntary adoption of integrated and sustainability reporting influence value creation?
Authors: Asadi Maryam , Mansourfar Gholamreza , Homayoun Saeid , Didar Hamzeh 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate how integrated reporting quality (IRQ), as well as comprehensive disclosure score (CDS) (i.e. incorporating integrated and sustainable reporting quality), impacts value creation differently between companies operating under mandatory versus voluntary adoption of these reporting frameworks.

Design/methodology/approach
The sample comprises 1,195 firm-year observations (international data set) from 2018 to 2022, which are divided into groups based on mandatory vs voluntary adoption of the international integrated reporting framework (IIRF) and Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB). Furthermore, regression analysis is used in the analyses.

Findings
The findings revealed a significant and positive relationship between IRQ and value creation on a global scale. In addition, unlike voluntary adoption of the IIRF, mandatory adoption of it showed a significant and positive relationship between IRQ and value creation. Furthermore, an increase in the CDS had a greater impact on value creation compared to IRQ. Finally, in contrast to companies with voluntary adoption of both IIRF and SASB, companies with mandatory adoption of them exhibited a significant and positive relationship between these reports and value creation.

Practical implications
The findings have practical implications for various stakeholders. First, by enhancing the awareness and understanding of integrated reporting and sustainability reporting among users, these results can facilitate more informed economic decision-making and enable a more accurate assessment of a company's potential for value creation. Second, these findings can contribute to the development of more effective and tailored reporting guidelines that align with the nuances of value creation dynamics in different contexts. Ultimately, this research can lead to improvements in reporting practices and regulatory frameworks, benefiting both companies and their stakeholders.

Social implications
The study's social implications are significant as it offers insights into the global debate surrounding the adoption of the IIRF and the objectives of the merger involving the Value Reporting Foundation and the International Financial Reporting Standards Foundation. The findings provide a concrete basis for evaluating the value of adopting the IIRF and inform discussions on the future of reporting standards and practices.

Originality/value
Furthermore, it stands as one of the pioneering endeavors to investigate the value creation aspects of CDS. These unique aspects make a substantive contribution by expanding the frontiers of knowledge in the realm of corporate reporting and financial implications, offering novel insights and opportunities for further research in this crucial domain.