bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of prokaryotic lateral gene transfers affecting parasitic microbial eukaryotes
Authors: Alsmark Cecilia , Foster Peter G , Sicheritz-Ponten Thomas , Nakjang Sirintra , Martin Embley T , Hirt Robert P 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Background
The influence of lateral gene transfer on gene origins and biology in eukaryotes is poorly understood compared with those of prokaryotes. A number of independent investigations focusing on specific genes, individual genomes, or specific functional categories from various eukaryotes have indicated that lateral gene transfer does indeed affect eukaryotic genomes. However, the lack of common methodology and criteria in these studies makes it difficult to assess the general importance and influence of lateral gene transfer on eukaryotic genome evolution.

Results
We used a phylogenomic approach to systematically investigate lateral gene transfer affecting the proteomes of thirteen, mainly parasitic, microbial eukaryotes, representing four of the six eukaryotic super-groups. All of the genomes investigated have been significantly affected by prokaryote-to-eukaryote lateral gene transfers, dramatically affecting the enzymes of core pathways, particularly amino acid and sugar metabolism, but also providing new genes of potential adaptive significance in the life of parasites. A broad range of prokaryotic donors is involved in such transfers, but there is clear and significant enrichment for bacterial groups that share the same habitats, including the human microbiota, as the parasites investigated.

Conclusions
Our data show that ecology and lifestyle strongly influence gene origins and opportunities for gene transfer and reveal that, although the outlines of the core eukaryotic metabolism are conserved among lineages, the genes making up those pathways can have very different origins in different eukaryotes. Thus, from the perspective of the effects of lateral gene transfer on individual gene ancestries in different lineages, eukaryotic metabolism appears to be chimeric.
Seshadri constants on smooth threefolds
Authors: Cascini Paolo , Nakamaye Michael 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
We prove that the Seshadri constant of an ample line bundle at a very general point of a smooth projective threefold is larger than 1/2. While falling short of the conjectured lower bound of one, this improves on known results. We systematically exploit new results and ideas related to the variation and complexity of base loci.
Subconvexity for additive equations: Pairs of undenary cubic forms
Authors: Brüdern Jörg , Wooley Trevor D. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

We investigate pairs of diagonal cubic equations with integral coefficients. For a class of such Diophantine systems with 11 or more variables, we are able to establish that the number of integral solutions in a large box is at least as large as the expected order of magnitude.
Postpartum takotsubo cardiomyopathy with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome: a case report
Authors: Enderton Elizabeth L. , Cardwell Michael Steven 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Postpartum takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a rare phenomenon caused by stress-induced, elevated levels of catecholamines and vasoconstrictive agents or by the administration of vasoconstrictive drugs such as bromocriptine and ergotrates. The condition has only been described in the past 20 years. The usual clinical course is complete resolution, although maternal mortality is estimated at 1%. An equally rare condition is postpartum reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. Like postpartum takotsubo cardiomyopathy, the etiology of postpartum cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome is thought to involve stress-induced, elevated levels of catecholamines and vasoconstrictive agents. Also, like postpartum takotsubo cardiomyopathy, the usual clinical course is complete resolution. This is the first reported case where both of these rare conditions occurred in the same patient after spontaneous vaginal delivery.
Classification of homogeneous holomorphic hermitian principal bundles over G/K
Authors: Biswas Indranil 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
We give a complete classification of isomorphism classes of homogeneous holomorphic hermitian principal bundles over an irreducible hermitian symmetric space of noncompact type.
This generalizes the results of our earlier work [Kyoto J. Math. 50 (2010), 325–363]
where homogeneous holomorphic hermitian principal bundles over the upper half-plane were considered.
Synthesis and Characterization of Uniform Zirconia Particles by Homogeneous Precipitation Method
Authors: Akhtar Khalida , Haq Ikram Ul , Hira Uzma 
Published: February 2013

AbstractColloidal spherical particles (micrometer size) of zirconia were synthesized at 50°C by homogeneous precipitation method from aqueous solutions, containing appropriate amounts of zirconium chloride, hydrochloric acid, potassium sulphate and urea. Results revealed that reactants concentration significantly affected characteristics of the precipitated solids, which ranged from gel to dispersion of discrete particles. Size uniformity in the resulted particles was obtained only under limited conditions. SEM images revealed that particles of zirconia obtained under the described experimental conditions have spherical morphology, which maintained their original shape after calcination at 700°C. Selected powders were also characterized with XRD, TGA/DTA, and FT-IR techniques. XRD results showed that as-prepared and calcined powders were crystalline. We believe that our method is simple and has the potential for further tailoring of the particles characteristics. Work is in progress in our laboratory in developing Cu-ZrO2 metal matrix composite coating on steel substrate with better resistant properties than simple Cu electroplating.
Electron-beam irradiation of low density polyethylene/ethylene vinyl acetate blends
Authors: Sabet Maziyar , Hassan Azman , Ratnam Chantara Thevy 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
In this work, the properties of electron-beam irradiated low density polyethylene (LDPE), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and blends were investigated. EVA addition had an enhancement effect on crosslinking of irradiated LDPE/EVA blends. The measured gel content increase of the blends and the improvement of thermal elongation, tensile strength, elongation at break, thermal aging and heat deformation, have confirmed the positive effects of electron-beam irradiation on the blend properties. The crystallinity of the blends decreased with irradiation. The gel content and hot set tests showed that the degree of crosslinking in the amorphous regions was dependent on the dose and blend composition. Increasing the EVA content resulted in tighter network structures. A significant improvement in the tensile strength of the neat EVA samples was obtained upon electron-beam irradiation up to 210 kGy. The irradiated LDPE/EVA blends showed improved tensile strength and elongation at break, when compared to LDPE. The enhanced irradiation crosslinking of the LDPE/EVA blends was proportional to the good compatibility and the increasing degree of the amorphous region’s content of the LDPE/EVA blends. The possible degradation mechanism of LDPE/EVA blends was discussed quantitatively with a novel method step analysis process of irradiated LDPE/EVA blends in the thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) technique. It was found, with measuring thermal conductivity (k) and specific heat capacity (Cp) of the blends, that the k values of the LDPE samples at a prescribed temperature range decreased with increasing irradiation. An increase in the crystallinity led to an increase in the k values and a decrease in the Cp values of the LDPE samples. Irradiation below 150 kGy decreased the Cp (at 40°C) and k in average values, whereas increasing the EVA made enhanced the Cp and k values of LDPE/EVA blends at each irradiation. The surface resistance and volume resistivity (VR) of the blends reached a maximum at a 170 kGy irradiation and 30 wt% of EVA. Increasing the amount of EVA contents resulted in enhancement of the dielectric loss factor for the irradiated blends.
Der Tempel – ein Ort der Krankenheilung?
Authors: Koerting Corinna 
Published: February 2013

In the Psalms the temple is praised as the place of prayer and the presence of the God »who heals all your infirmities« (Ps 103,3). But is this place of exceptional closeness to God at all accessible for the sick to bring their prayers before God there? Do not the purity laws close off this way, since God’s presence requires purity of everyone who approaches him? Studies of texts show that in Mesopotamia as well as in Israel the sick were generally cared for outside the temple. Those who support them with rituals and prayers are, of course, in Israel even more than in Mesopotamia, on the temple staff. Even the sick can lay claim to their help at the temple, for it is a basic principle that the required purity, whether for the sick or for those afflicted in some other way, can also be restored at the temple. Only a few forms of sickness or physical impairment exclude the individual for a limited period from access to the temple.
Dans les Psaumes, on loue le temple comme lieu de prière et de la présence de Dieu, »Celui qui pardonne toutes les iniquités« (Ps. 103,3). Cependant, ce lieu de la plus grande proximité avec Dieu est-il accessible au malade pour qu’il y présente sa prière à Dieu? Les lois de pureté n’excluent-elles pas cet accès, puisque la pureté est exigée de celui qui s’approche de Dieu? Or l’étude des sources montre qu’en Mésopotamie autant qu’en Israël, les malades étaient surtout soignés en-dehors des temples. Ceux qui se réfèrent au rite et à la prière sont cependant, en Israël plus encore qu’en Mésopotamie, liés au temple. Le malade peut en attendre le bénéfice au temple car il importe, pour le malade comme pour le malheureux, que la pureté requise soit aussi restaurée dans le cadre du temple. Seules certaines formes, rares, de maladies ou d’handicaps corporels excluent l’individu du temple, pour une durée limitée.
In den Psalmen wird der Tempel als Ort des Gebets und als Ort der Gegenwart des Gottes gepriesen, »der all deine Gebrechen heilt« (Ps 103,3). Doch ist dieser Ort größtmöglicher Gottesnähe für den Kranken überhaupt erreichbar, um sein Gebet hier vor Gott zu bringen? Schließen die Reinheitsgebote diesen Weg nicht aus, da Gottes Gegenwart Reinheit eines jeden verlangt, der sich ihm nähert? Quellenstudien zeigen, dass Kranke in Mesopotamien wie auch in Israel hauptsächlich außerhalb der Tempel betreut wurden. Diejenigen, die sie durch Ritual und Gebet stützen, sind allerdings, in Israel mehr noch als in Mesopotamien, an den Tempel gebunden. Ihre Hilfe kann auch der Kranke am Tempel in Anspruch nehmen, denn grundsätzlich gilt, dass die erforderliche Reinheit, sei es für Kranke oder durch Unglück Getroffene, auch am Tempel wiederhergestellt wird. Allein einige wenige Krankheitsbilder oder körperliche Beeinträchtigungen schließen den Einzelnen zeitlich begrenzt vom Zugang zum Tempel aus.
Reconsidering שׁוֹט שֺׁטֵף
Authors: Yoder Tyler R. 
Published: February 2013

Nearly one hundred years ago J. Barth proposed an additional lexical entry for Hebrew šôţ (»scourge, whip«), basing his argument primarily on the difficult readings in Isa 28,15.18. He supported this new lexeme, šôţ II (»flood«), with late linguistic evidence from Ethiopic and (Qur’anic) Arabic. Scholarship has largely followed suit, adopting the meaning of šôţ II in these verses. However, here within a context steeped in satirical rhetoric and treaty imagery, šôţ finds a more natural explanation in light of both its earlier attestation in Isa 10,26 as a divine weapon and its connection to covenantal retribution. In addition to drawing attention to unique literary features, this essay employs inner-biblical exegesis (e.g. Lev 26) to interpret the references in Isa 28,15.18 as stylistic adaptations of a common biblical motif: divine vengeance enacted against covenantal infidelity.
Il y a près d’un siècle, J. Barth a proposé une entrée lexicale supplémentaire pour l’hébreu šôţ – »fouet, fléau«, en se référant principalement aux lectures difficiles en Es. 28,15.18. Il fonda ce nouveau lexème šôţ II – »flot«, en référence à des données linguistiques tardives, l’éthiopien et l’arabe coranique. Cette hypothèse a été largement adoptée par la recherche pour le sens de šôţ II dans ces versets. Néanmoins, dans ce passage marqué à la fois par une rhétorique satirique et une symbolique de l’alliance, le lexème trouve une explication plus obvie par son attestation antériere en Es. 10,26, comme arme divine, instrument de la rétribution en contexte d’alliance brisée. A titre complémentaire et en utilisant l’exégèse intrabiblique (par ex. Lév. 26), l’A. voit en Es. 28,15.18 une adaptation stylistique d’un thème biblique commun: la vengeance divine qui vise celui qui brise le pacte d’alliance.
Vor fast 100 Jahren hat J. Barth vorgeschlagen, für das hebräische šôţ (»Peitsche, Geißel«) einen zusätzlichen Eintrag in die Wörterbücher aufzunehmen, wobei er sich vor allem auf die schwierigen Lesungen in Jes 28,15.18 berief. Er stützte dieses neue Lexem, šôţ II (»Flut«), mit jüngeren Belegen aus dem Äthiopischen und dem (Koran-)Arabischen. Die Forschung ist ihm weithin gefolgt, indem sie in diesen Versen die Bedeutung von šôţ II annahm. Hier jedoch, in einem Kontext, der von satirischer Rhetorik und Vertragsmotivik überquillt, findet šôţ eine natürlichere Erklärung im Licht sowohl seiner früheren Bezeugung in Jes 10,26 als eine göttliche Waffe als auch in seiner Assoziation mit Vertragsstrafen. Über die Beachtung singulärer literarischer Befunde hinaus beschäftigt sich dieser Beitrag mit innerbiblischer Exegese (z.B. Lev 26), um die Belege in Jes 28,15.18 als stilistische Anwendungen eines verbreiteten biblischen Motivs zu interpretieren: Der Beschluss göttlicher Rache angesichts von Vertragsuntreue.
Lexikographie und Angewandte Linguistik
Authors: Wiegand Herbert Ernst 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Firstly, Applied Linguistics is characterised as a discipline in its own rightthat contributes to solutions of social problems in the domain of languageand communication. After the dismissal of various expert opinions regardingthe status of language lexicography, including the opinion that languagelexicography belongs to Applied Linguistics or to one of its subdomains,scientific language lexicography is characterised as a scientificpractice in all its social and medial manifestations. Its aim is the productionof among others printed and electronic language dictionaries, conceptualisedin accordance with dictionary functions as mono- and polyfunctionallanguage lexicographic utility instruments (or language-directed lexicotools)for each specific user group. This is done to enable a cultural praxisof providing the required knowledge. The controversial question whethercollaborative internet language lexicography can be regarded as scientificlanguage lexicography remains an open one. In a second step, the relationsbetween language lexicography and Applied Linguistics are described.When learners’ dictionaries are used in foreign language teaching, languagelexicography is, e. g., the data- and product-rendering discipline, whereasApplied Linguistics is the product-using and data-accepting discipline. Inthe professional treatment of the subject matter of language dictionaries,Applied Linguistics is the data-rendering discipline because linguisticknowledge is employed and language lexicography is the data-acceptingdiscipline. This does not apply to the treatment of structures, for which(meta)-lexicographic knowledge is needed. In conclusion, the completefield of lexicography in all its manifestations is situated within the scientificcommunity. It follows that, in the treatment of the subject matter of dictionaries,almost all career and scientific disciplines are data-rendering disciplinesfor lexicography. Corpus linguistics plays a significant role in theestablishment of lexico-toolbases. All types of lexico-tools constitute the domain of the empirical subject dictionary matter of systematic metalexicography.Systematic metalexicography also has among others interdisciplinaryrelations as data-rendering discipline with informatics and mathematics.Therefore it should be regarded as part of information science.
Complexation thermodynamics and structural studies of trivalent actinide and lanthanide complexes with DTPA, MS-325 and HMDTPA
Authors: Thakur Punam , Conca James L. , Dodge Cleveland J. , Francis Arokiasamy J. , Choppin Gregory R. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The protonation constants of DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) and two derivatives of DTPA, 1-R(4,4-diphenyl cyclohexyl-phosphonyl-methyl diethylenentriaminepentaacetic acid (MS-325) and (R)-hydroxymethyl-diethylenentriaminepentaacetic acid (HMDTPA) were determined by potentiometric titration in 0.1 M NaClO4. The formation of 1 : 1 complexes of Am3+, Cm3+ and Ln3+ cations with these three ligands were investigated by potentiometric titration with competition by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and the solvent extraction method in aqueous solutions of I=0.10 M NaClO4. The thermodynamic data of complexation were determined by the temperature dependence of the stability constants and by calorimetry. The complexation is exothermic and becomes weaker with increase in temperature. The complexation strength of these ligands follows the order: DTPA ≈ HMDTPA > MS-325. Eu3+/Cm3+ luminescence, EXAFS (Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure) and DFT (Density Functional Theory) calculations suggest that all three ligands are octadentate in the complex. In the complex, M(L)2− (L = DTPA, MS-325 and HMDTPA). The M3+ binds via five carboxylates oxygen atoms, three nitrogen atoms, and the complex contains one water of hydration.
A novel and facile approach for the preparation of 133Ba source core, encapsulation and quality evaluation
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Gandhi Shyamala S. , Nuwad J. , Udhayakumar J. , Dash Ashutosh 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
This paper describes a facile and effective method to prepare 133Ba source exploiting the intrinsic properties of the anodized titanium to electro-deposit 133Ba from an aqueous solution. The process consists of anodization of Ti rod [4.8 mm (∅) × 10 mm (l)] to create a reactive surface to permit cathodic electrodeposition of 133Ba from an aqueous solution. The factors that influence the electrodeposition of 133Ba onto the anodized titanium substrate were identified and a careful control has been exercised to ensure optimum deposition of 133Ba activity onto the substrate. The morphology of the electrodeposited samples were examined by SEM and EDS analyses. Sources containing ∼ 3.7–11.1 MBq (0.1–0.3 mCi) 133Ba were prepared, encapsulated successfully in titanium capsules and subjected to quality control tests to ensure compliance with mandatory regulatory safety requirements.
Progress on Searching Optimal Thermal Spray Parameters for Magnesium Silicide
Authors: Fu Gaosheng , Zuo Lei , Longtin Jon , Chen Yikai , Sampath Sanjay 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThe thermoelectric properties of Mg2Si coatings prepared by Atmospheric Plasma Spray (APS), and Vacuum Plasma Spray (VPS) are presented. Seebeck coefficient results of both APS and VPS have been reported. XRD and SEM analysis of the samples are also presented to understand how microstructure influences the coating thermoelectric properties. The results suggest significant improvements can be made on the reduction of impurity including oxidation and pure silicon by using proper spray method and parameters. Thermal spray has been demonstrated before to be effective way to reduce thermal conductivity which may due to the coating microstructure. VPS result shows higher Seebeck coefficient than APS which may due to lower level of oxidization.
What Is Cognitive Education?
Authors: Sternberg Robert J. 
Published: February 2013

Cognitive education is education that seeks to improve the cognitive (mental) skills of the student in order that the students can lead constructive and satisfying lives. There are many different models for cognitive education, but I have constructed a career doing cognitive education through a “theory of successful intelligence” (Sternberg, 1997, 2010; Sternberg & Grigorenko, 2007; Sternberg, Jarvin, & Grigorenko, 2009; Sternberg, Kaufman, & Grigorenko, 2008)—a theory that can be used in teaching not only on a small scale but also on a large scale.In this article, I first describe the theory of successful intelligence. Next, I describe how the theory has been augmented in recent years through the addition of wisdom. Then I discuss an even more recent addition, the role of ethical reasoning and behavior. Finally, I draw some conclusions.
Cognitive Education: Constructivist Perspectives on Schooling, Assessment, and Clinical Applications
Authors: Carlson Jerry S. , Wiedl Karl H. 
Published: February 2013

Our responses to the five questions concerning cognitive education that Robert Sternberg raised focus on the school, the learner, and applications to clinical settings.Considering the school and the learner, we emphasize constructivist theory and applications of learner-centered instructional and assessment approaches. Considering applications to clinical settings, we focus on cognitive remediation and dynamic assessment (DA) approaches that address the impaired balance of cognitive level and task requirement for people with psychoses and other cognitive or developmental disorders. Emphasis is on the goal of including these persons into communities of learners that will be able to benefit from cognitive education.
Desmoplastic Fibroma: A Case Report with Three Years of Clinical and Radiographic Observation and Review of the Literature
Authors: Nedopil Alexander , Raab Peter , Rudert Maximilian 
Published: February 2013

Background:
Desmoplastic fibroma (DF) is an extremely rare locally aggressive bone tumor with an incidence of 0.11% of all primary bone tumors. The typical clinical presentation is pain and swelling above the affected area. The most common sites of involvement are the mandible and the metaphysis of long bones. Histologically and biologically, desmoplastic fibroma mimics extra-abdominal desmoid tumor of soft tissue.

Case Presentation and Literature Review:
A case of a 27-year old man with DF in the ilium, including the clinical, radiological and histological findings over a 4-year period is presented here. CT scans performed in 3-year intervals prior to surgical intervention were compared with respect to tumor extension and cortical breakthrough. The patient was treated with curettage and grafting based on anatomical considerations. Follow-up CT scans over 18-months are also documented here. Additionally, a review and analysis of 271 cases including the presented case with particular emphasis on imaging patterns in MRI and CT as well as treatment modalities and outcomes are presented.

Conclusion:
In patients with desmoplastic fibroma, CT is the preferred imaging technique for both the diagnosis of intraosseus tumor extension and assessment of cortical involvement, whereas MRI is favored for the assessment of extraosseus tumor growth and preoperative planning. While tumor resection remains the preferred treatment for DF, curettage and grafting prove to be an acceptable alternative treatment modality with close follow-up when resection is not possible. Curettage and grafting have been shown to provide good clinical results and are associated with long recurrence free intervals.