bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond School Climate: Validating the School as a Protective Factor‐Brief Survey
Authors: Lilly Christa L. , Kristjansson Alfgeir L. , Smith Megan L. , Thrisdottir Inibjorg Eva , Havlicak Ashley , Mann Michael J. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe conceptual framework for School as a Protective Factor approach was presented in a companion article in this issue of the journal. The current article describes the validation of the School as a Protective Factor‐Brief (SPF‐Brief), a 13‐item survey measuring the 3 core constructs and 13 defining characteristics of this framework.METHODSThe SPF‐Brief was validated through 2 studies. The developmental study used a longitudinal design including 1349 participants who completed surveys over 5 semesters, while the validation study used a cross‐sectional design with 2775 participants. Both studies included middle and high school students. Factor analysis, growth model analysis, criterion‐related validation, and outcome analysis were employed.RESULTSAnalyses provided strong evidence supporting the reliability and validity of the instrument and conceptual framework. Higher SPF‐Brief scores were associated with higher math grades, English grades, and quality of life, as well as lower rates of anxiety, depression, conduct disorder, alcohol, e‐cigarette, tobacco, and cannabis use. Effect size estimates ranged from moderate to strong.CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest the utility of the SPF‐Brief instrument and the School as a Protective Factor framework. Together, they may offer advantages to the traditional school climate approach.
‘Throw me a life buoy, please’: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence regarding nurses' experiences of caring for inpatients with borderline personality disorder and/or non‐suicidal self‐injury
Authors: Nordkamp Annika , Roed Kickan , Videbech Poul , Midtgaard Julie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionNon‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI) is prevalent in individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD), particularly in inpatient settings. This poses challenges, leading to frustration and powerlessness among healthcare professionals. This, in turn, puts mental health nurses at risk of compassion fatigue (CF), impacting treatment quality.AimWe conducted a systematic review and meta‐synthesis to investigate the experiences of mental health nurses caring for people with BPD and/or NSSI in inpatient settings.MethodLiterature search was performed in MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsychINFO and Web of Science. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) was used to critically appraise each study. For synthesis of findings from original studies, Thomas and Harden's thematic synthesis was used.ResultsIn total 1492 studies were screened of which seven met the inclusion criteria. We identified four main analytical themes: ‘Notions on nursing’, ‘Reality calls’, ‘Fall of ideals’ and ‘Throw me a lifebuoy, please’, with each two subthemes included.DiscussionDespite nurses' strong motivations for positive change and assistance, unexpected demands lead to emotional exhaustion, affecting their care provision.Implications for PracticeThe study underscores the necessity of addressing nurses' emotional strain through education and skill‐oriented training, enhancing their resilience and reducing CF risk, ultimately securing adequate care, and improving patient outcomes.
Effects of mulberry leaf powder water extract supplementation on the growth performance, immunity, antioxidant, meat quality and intestinal microbiota of yellow feather broilers
Authors: Xing Dongxu , Fu Bing , Zhou Donglai , Li Erna , Li Qingrong , Ruan Dong , Liao Sentai , Zou Yuxiao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA 50‐day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of mulberry leaf powder water extract (MLE) on the growth performance, immunity, antioxidant, meat quality and intestinal microbiota of yellow feather broilers. A total of 720 birds (initial body weight 40.07 ± 0.05 g) were randomly distributed into four groups with six replicates per group and 30 birds per replicate. Four diets were formulated with 0% (CON), 200 mg/kg MLE (MLE200), 400 mg/kg MLE (MLE400) and 600 mg/kg MLE (MLE600) supplementation. Results showed that the addition of 200–600 mg/kg MLE to the diet significantly increased the body weight (BW) and average daily weight gain (ADG), but feed to gain ratio (F/G) were linearly decreased (p = 0.045) as dietary MLE increased. Birds fed MLE400 had higher (p < 0.05) total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC), interleukin‐10 (Il‐10), secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and complement 3 (C3) contents than those fed CON, whereas MLE400 had lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content than CON (p < 0.05). Analysis of 16 S rDNA indicated that supplementation with 200 mg/kg MLE increased the Shannon indices in the caecum (p < 0.05). Supplementation with MLE decreased the abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria and genus Helicobacter, and increased the abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes in the caecum in broiler chickens (p < 0.05). The drip loss rate in the MLE600 was significantly diminished (p < 0.05), whereas the shear force was significantly elevated (p < 0.05). In summary, dietary supplementation with MLE can effectively improve growth performance, intestinal immunity, serum antioxidant capacity, meat quality and intestinal microbiota of yellow feather broilers. The most appropriate MLE supplementation level was 400 mg/kg. This study provides a practical strategy for the dietary application of MLE in yellow feather broilers.
The stability of slow‐wave sleep and EEG oscillations across two consecutive nights of laboratory polysomnography in cognitively normal older adults
Authors: Mullins Anna E. , Pehel Shayna , Parekh Ankit , Kam Korey , Bubu Omonigho M. , Tolbert Thomas M. , Rapoport David M. , Ayappa Indu , Varga Andrew W. , Osorio Ricardo S. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryLaboratory polysomnography provides gold‐standard measures of sleep physiology, but multi‐night investigations are resource intensive. We assessed the night‐to‐night stability via reproducibility metrics for sleep macrostructure and electroencephalography oscillations in a group of cognitively normal adults attending two consecutive polysomnographies. Electroencephalographies were analysed using an automatic algorithm for detection of slow‐wave activity, spindle and K‐complex densities. Average differences between nights for sleep macrostructure, electroencephalography oscillations and sleep apnea severity were assessed, and test–retest reliability was determined using two‐way intraclass correlations. Agreement was calculated using the smallest real differences between nights for all measures. Night 2 polysomnographies showed significantly greater time in bed, total sleep time (6.3 hr versus 6.8 hr, p < 0.001) and percentage of rapid eye movement sleep (17.5 versus 19.7, p < 0.001). Intraclass correlations were low for total sleep time, percentage of rapid eye movement sleep and sleep efficiency, moderate for percentage of slow‐wave sleep and percentage of non‐rapid eye movement 2 sleep, good for slow‐wave activity and K‐complex densities, and excellent for spindles and apnea–hypopnea index with hypopneas defined according to 4% oxygen desaturation criteria only. The smallest real difference values were proportionally high for most sleep macrostructure measures, indicating moderate agreement, and proportionally lower for most electroencephalography microstructure variables. Slow waves, K‐complexes, spindles and apnea severity indices are highly reproducible across two consecutive nights of polysomnography. In contrast, sleep macrostructure measures all demonstrated poor reproducibility as indicated by low intraclass correlation values and moderate agreement. Although there were average differences in percentage of rapid eye movement sleep and total sleep time, these were numerically small and perhaps functionally or clinically less significant. One night of in‐laboratory polysomnography is enough to provide stable, reproducible estimates of an individual's sleep concerning measures of slow‐wave activity, spindles, K‐complex densities and apnea severity.
Practical recommendations for biochemical and genetic diagnosis of the porphyrias
Authors: Aarsand Aasne K. , To‐Figueras Jordi , Whatley Sharon , Sandberg Sverre , Schmitt Caroline 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe porphyrias are a group of rare inborn errors of metabolism associated with various clinical presentations and long‐term complications, making them relevant differential diagnoses to consider for many clinical specialities, especially hepatologists, gastroenterologists and dermatologists. To diagnose a patient with porphyria requires appropriate biochemical investigations, as clinical features alone are not specific enough. Furthermore, it is important to be aware that abnormalities of porphyrin accumulation and excretion occur in many other disorders that are collectively far more common than the porphyrias. In this review, we provide an overview of porphyria‐related tests with their strengths and limitations, give recommendations on requesting and diagnostic approaches in non‐expert and expert laboratories for different clinical scenarios and discuss the role of genetic testing in the porphyrias. To diagnose porphyria in a currently symptomatic patient requires analysis of biochemical markers to demonstrate typical patterns of haem precursors in urine, faeces and blood. The use of genomic sequencing in diagnostic pathways for porphyrias requires careful consideration, and the demonstration of increased porphyrin‐related markers is necessary prior to genomic testing in symptomatic patients. In the acute porphyrias, genomic testing is presently a useful adjunct for genetic counselling of asymptomatic family members and the most common cutaneous porphyria, porphyria cutanea tarda, is usually a sporadic, non‐hereditary disease. Getting a correct and timely porphyria diagnosis is essential for delivering appropriate care and ensuring best patient outcome.
Glycaemic index and glycaemic load of selected packaged vegan foods
Authors: Bayindir Gümüş Aylin , Keser Alev , Gökgöz Murat , Güngüneş Aşkın 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWhile there are data regarding the glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) of many foods in the literature, the values for packaged vegan analogue foods have not been previously published, although processed vegan foods usually contain more carbohydrates than their animal‐based counterparts. This study was carried out to determine the GI and GL values of a selection of packaged vegan foods popular in Türkiye. To determine the GI and GL of test foods, 12 healthy volunteer females participated in the study. Participants randomly consumed test and reference foods (glucose and white bread) on each trial day, and capillary blood glucose was measured at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 mins in duplicate. The GIs of vegan schnitzel, vegan chickpea burger, vegan mince pita, vegan chocolate, vegan snack bar and vegan cheese were 26.1 ± 19.61 (low), 27.1 ± 17.21 (low), 65.1 ± 28.60 (moderate), 42.7 ± 22.32 (low), 63.6 ± 45.86 (moderate), 36.4 ± 16.85 (low), respectively, according to the glucose reference, and were 28.2 ± 16.17 (low), 34.7 ± 18.26 (low), 81.2 ± 31.96 (high), 48.8 ± 12.87 (low), 82.0 ± 54.05 (high), 46.7 ± 28.66 (low), respectively, according to the white bread reference. GLs were 3.5 ± 2.66 (low), 8.6 ± 5.46 (low), 26.6 ± 11.67 (high), 6.1 ± 3.19 (low), 14.2 ± 10.28 (moderate), 5.7 ± 2.63 (low), respectively, according to the glucose reference, and were 3.8 ± 2.19 (low), 11.0 ± 5.80 (moderate), 33.1 ± 13.04 (high), 7.0 ± 1.84 (low), 18.4 ± 12.12 (moderate), 7.3 ± 4.47 (low), respectively, according to the white bread reference. The data from this study provide preliminary data for the GIs and GLs of packaged and processed vegan foods and show that the GIs and GLs of meat and cheese vegan analogues, while still low or moderate, tend to be higher than their animal‐based counterparts which have lower or no glycaemic responses. Further research on the GIs and GLs of more vegan foods is needed.
Keratinocytes stimulate MAIT cells to produce granzyme B via MR1 and cytokines in oral lichen planus
Authors: Jiang Qin , Wang Fang , Zhou Gang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveOral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by a dense T‐cell infiltration and the degeneration of basal keratinocytes. The potential functions of mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in OLP have been analyzed in our previous study. Keratinocytes under proinflammatory conditions have been demonstrated to activate T cells. This study was aimed to investigate how keratinocytes stimulate MAIT cells in OLP, and to explore the role of activated MAIT cells on keratinocytes.Methods and ResultsIncreased MAIT cells and higher activation marker CD69 were detected in OLP lesions by flow cytometry. The enhanced expression of MHC class I‐like molecule (MR1) required for MAIT cell activation in the epithelial layer of OLP lesions was determined by immunohistochemistry. Keratinocytes treated by 5‐A‐RU prodrug and lipopolysaccharide, respectively, exhibited higher expression of MR1 and secretion of IL‐18. In direct coculture systems consisting of keratinocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, both 5‐A‐RU prodrug‐pretreated keratinocytes and lipopolysaccharide‐pretreated keratinocytes activated MAIT cells to secrete granzyme B, contributing to elevated keratinocyte apoptosis.ConclusionsKeratinocytes were capable to activate MAIT cells via MR1 and cytokines in OLP, and granzyme B produced by activated MAIT cells intensified keratinocyte apoptosis, engaging in the pathogenesis of OLP.
Experiences of imagery‐based treatment for anxiety in bipolar disorder: A qualitative study embedded within the image based emotion regulation feasibility randomised controlled trial
Authors: Elkington Susan , Brown Michael , Wright Kim , Regan Jemma , Pattarnaraskouwski Kate , Steel Craig , Hales Susie , Holmes Emily , Morant Nicola 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesIntrusive mental imagery is associated with anxiety in bipolar disorder (BD) and presents a novel treatment target. Imagery‐based treatments show promise in targeting anxiety and improving mood instability. This qualitative study explored experiences of receiving up to 12 sessions of a brief structured psychological intervention: Image‐Based Emotion Regulation (IBER), which targets maladaptive mental imagery in the context of BD with an aim to modify the emotional impact of these images.DesignA qualitative study embedded within the Image Based Emotion Regulation (IBER) feasibility randomised controlled trial.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 12 participants in the treatment arm of the trial who received IBER + treatment as usual. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsDespite some initial scepticism about imagery‐focused treatment, all participants expressed broadly positive accounts of treatment experiences. High levels of engagement with imagery modification techniques, beneficial use of techniques post treatment and improvements in anxiety management and agency were described by some. Three sub‐groups were identified: those who reported a powerful transformative impact of treatment; those who embedded some new techniques into their daily lives, and those who felt they had techniques to use when needed. No participants reported overall negative experiences of the IBER treatment.ConclusionsFindings from this study highlight the value for treatment recipients of modifying the underlying meanings associated with maladaptive imagery, and the personalised skills development to manage anxiety within bipolar disorders. Findings can inform treatment refinements and further trial‐based evaluations.
The multidimensionality of plant drought stress: The relative importance of edaphic and atmospheric drought
Authors: Berauer Bernd J. , Steppuhn Anke , Schweiger Andreas H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDrought threatens plant growth and related ecosystem services. The emergence of plant drought stress under edaphic drought is well studied, whilst the importance of atmospheric drought only recently gained momentum. Yet, little is known about the interaction and relative contribution of edaphic and atmospheric drought on the emergence of plant drought stress. We conducted a gradient experiment, fully crossing gravimetric water content (GWC: maximum water holding capacity—permanent wilting point) and vapour pressure deficit (VPD: 1−2.25 kPa) using five wheat varieties from three species (Triticum monococcum, T. durum & T. aestivum). We quantified the occurrence of plant drought stress on molecular (abscisic acid), cellular (stomatal conductance), organ (leaf water potential) and stand level (evapotranspiration). Plant drought stress increased with decreasing GWC across all organizational levels. This effect was magnified nonlinearly by VPD after passing a critical threshold of soil water availability. At around 20%GWC (soil matric potential 0.012 MPa), plants lost their ability to regulate leaf water potential via stomata regulation, followed by the emergence of hydraulic dysfunction. The emergence of plant drought stress is characterized by changing relative contributions of soil versus atmosphere and their non‐linear interaction. This highly non‐linear response is likely to abruptly alter plant‐related ecosystem services in a drying world.
How will i know if he really loves me? Toward an epistemology of love
Authors: Stringer Ryan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper attempts to fill an epistemological gap in our theorizing about love with a sketch of an epistemology of love that unfolds by addressing Whitney Houston's famous epistemological questions pertaining to how we can know whether another loves us. After arguing for three possible sources of the knowledge of love, it offers initial answers to how the knowledge of the presence or absence of another's love can be acquired from the relevant possible sources previously established. These initial answers, though, are unsatisfying because they invite more difficult questions that are then addressed, such as those pertaining to the kinds of things that constitute love's expressions along with how to detect these expressions given the possibility of false‐positives. Addressing these questions ultimately leads to a sharpened, Aristotle‐inspired account of how to acquire the knowledge of the presence or absence of another's love by inferring it, respectively, from the successful or failed detection of love's expressions.
Addressing the international illegal wildlife trade through a human rights approach
Authors: Osorio Chad Patrick , Bernaz Nadia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCross‐border illegal wildlife trade (IWT) poses significant social, political and economic threats. Despite a 2013 recommendation from the Secretariat of the Convention on the International Trade of Endangered Species to incorporate a human rights perspective in counter‐IWT initiatives, our analysis of official documents spanning 2013–2022 reveals a lack of explicit implementation by international bodies. During the same period, global human rights organisations have given limited attention to the connections between IWT and human rights violations. In this article, we explore how integrating a human rights perspective can enhance the international legal framework and domestic measures against IWT. We conclude that to successfully implement counter‐IWT legislation, a shift in mindset is needed. A human rights approach is not just desirable, but rather necessary, in the interpretation, application and revision of policy interventions, for laws against IWT to be truly effective and equitable.
Initiating transformation within a Dutch grassroots agri‐food initiative: An analysis of social processes
Authors: van Oers Laura , Smessaert Jacob , Feola Giuseppe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article brings new empirical evidence and nuanced reflections on the social processes of transformation within grassroots agri‐food initiatives that propose relocalised, decentralised and autonomous ways of organising around food systems. We facilitated and analysed a fieldlab on the initial phase of designing a participatory guarantee system with a Dutch consumer‐buying group (CBG) who explored ways to define, measure and assess sustainable production and consumption in collaboration with its producers. Our analysis focuses on three social processes that emerged from this fieldlab: (a) deepening of community relations around and through agri‐food; (b) learning in agri‐food initiatives and (c) politicisation of agri‐food systems. We analyse the manifestations of and limitations of these three processes concerning the CBG's attempt to become a local food community. We conclude that our findings bring about practical, theoretical and strategic implications to understanding the social dynamics of grassroots agri‐food initiatives within and beyond capitalist agri‐food systems.
Characteristics of gut microbiota and serum metabolism in patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Zeng Yibin , Fan Ni , Gu Xiaoli , Zhang Yiwen , Min Wei , Mao Qiuyu , Qian Qihong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects 15%‐30% of children and 10% of adults globally, with its incidence being influenced by genetic, environmental, and various other factors. While the immune plays a crucial role in the development, the composition of gut microbiota and serum metabolites also contribute to its pathogenesis.SubjectStudy the characteristics of gut microbiota and serum metabolites in patients with atopic dermatitisMethodIn this study, we collected stool and serum samples from 28 AD patients and 23 healthy individuals (NC) for metagenomic sequencing of gut microbiota and non‐targeted metabolomic sequencing of serum.ResultOur results revealed a lower diversity of gut microbiota in the AD group compared to the NC group. The predominant Phylum in AD patients were Bacteroidetes, Pseudomonas, and Verrucomicrobia, with the most dominant bacterial genus being Faecalibacterium. At the species level, Prevotella copri and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were found to be the most abundant bacteria. Significant differences in serum metabolite profiles were observed between NC and AD patients, with noticeable variations in metabolite expression levels. The majority of metabolites in the serum of AD patients exhibited low expression, while a few showed high expression levels. Notably, metabolites such as Cholesterol glucuronide, Styrene, Lutein, Betaine, Phosphorylcholine, Taurine, and Creatinine displayed the most pronounced alterations.
ConclusionThese findings contribute to a further understanding of the complexities underlying this disease.
Miliary osteoma cutis in a climbing mantella frog (Mantella laevigata)
Authors: Chiu Elliott S. , Gjeltema Jenessa , Woolard Kevin D. , Affolter Verena K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA climbing mantella frog (Mantella laevigata) was presented with nodular thickened skin. Histological examination revealed dermal nodules composed of differentiated bone consistent with miliary osteoma cutis, a non‐neoplastic condition where bone is abnormally deposited within the skin. This is the first report of idiopathic osteoma cutis in an amphibian.