bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human treg cells are characterized by low/negative CD6 expression
Authors: Garcia Santana Carlos A. , Tung James W. , Gulnik Sergei 
Published: August 2014

AbstractNatural regulatory T cells (nTreg) can suppress different immune‐cell responses and maintain the balance between tolerance and immunity in the individual. These cells are defined by CD4+, CD25hi, and FOXP3+ expression, although a variety of other nTreg‐associated markers have been reported to be expressed at different levels (e.g., HLA‐DR, CTLA‐4, GARP, Helios, CD39, etc.), presumably reflecting different functional stages of the heterogeneous nTreg population. Several markers show low/negative expression (i.e., CD127, CD49d, and CD26), but none of these markers are specific to nTreg. CD25hi expression has been a useful surface marker to identify/isolate nTreg; however, CD25 is also expressed on “adaptive” or “induced” Treg, as well as in activated conventional T cells. In addition, the fact that FOXP3 is also found in CD25 low/negative CD4+ T cells, and in a subset of CD8+ T cells, further complicates the definition of a specific nTreg marker. Although CD4+, CD25hi, and CD127low/negative markers characterize the majority of nTreg, it is still imperative to find additional surface‐marker combinations that improve the identification/isolation of nTreg and their subsets. Herein, we present evidence that CD4+CD25hi CD6lo/− nTreg have high expression of FOXP3and exhibit in vitro suppressive activity on CD8+ T‐cell proliferation. Dot‐plot analyses of CD4+ cells, with CD6, CD127, CD49d, or CD26 reveal that a higher enrichment yield of CD25hiFOXP3+ cells can be achieved in the combined CD6lo/−CD127lo/− population. We conclude that FOXP3+ nTreg cells are characterized by CD6lo/− expression, providing a new tool for the identification of nTreg cells without recourse to intracellular staining, and for the purification of these cells by negative selection. © 2014 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Metal–Insulator Interplays Rendered by Lattice Transformations and Structural Disorder in DOEO Salts
Authors: Bardin Andrey A. , Kotov Alexander I. , Buravov Lev I. , Khasanov Salavat S. , Shibaeva Rimma P. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThree salts, β‐DOEO2NO3(H2O) (I), β″‐DOEO2NO3(H2O) (II), and β″‐DOEO2HSO4(H2O) (III), have been synthesized and characterized by means of four‐probe conductivity measurements from room temperature down to 4.2 K and X‐ray single crystal analysis at room temperature and 100 K. Salt I shows dielectric properties below room temperature, and salts II and III are stable metals. The DOEO molecules in I–III are packed into organic (conductive) layers expanding along the ab plane. The layer packing in II and III is the same in the projection along the long molecular axis and is of the β″ type, but differs noticeably in the perpendicular direction. Salts I and II are not isostructural, but their structures are very similar. However, the electronic structures of II and III are very similar, which leads to quantitatively comparable conductivities for II and III. The upper bands of II and III are 1/4‐filled, whereas strong dimerization and band splitting leads to effective 1/2‐filling of the upper band in I, which predetermines stable metallic properties for the former and renders strong electronic correlations in the latter. A superstructure of I is formed at room temperature. The Fermi surface obtained by means of extended Hückel tight‐binding (EHTB) calculations is essentially altered by the superstructure: Two parallel 1D chains instead of a set of 1D chains and closed 2D pockets visible on the substructure are realized. The Fermi surface of I consists of flattened sections that could be a source of nesting instability. In contrast, the appearance of a superstructure of II at 100 K does not alter the Fermi surface that significantly, leaving the 2D conduction system intact and the Fermi surface with enough curvature to be stable against nesting effects. The DOEO terminal ethylene groups are strongly disordered in I with position occupancies (PO) of 0.6/0.4, less disordered in III (PO: 0.8/0.2), and fully ordered in II at room temperature. All these factors together with the very large value of the dimensionless ratio U/W = 1.66, where U is an on‐site Coulomb repulsion and W is a bandwidth, indicate that I most likely is a Mott insulator.
Thiacrown Ethers with Oxygen and Sulfur for Coordination: Formation of the Pd and Pt Complexes and Pseudorotaxane with Dialkylammonium
Authors: Nagai Hiroyuki , Suzaki Yuji , Osakada Kohtaro 
Published: August 2014

AbstractMono‐, di‐ tri‐, and tetrathiadibenzo[24]crown‐8‐ethers with eight oxygen or sulfur atoms within the 24‐menbered ring have been synthesized by using 1,2‐benzenedithiol and 2‐hydroxythiophenol as the starting materials. The thia[24]crown ethers form [2]pseudorotaxanes with dibenzylammonium salts, the association constants of which vary depending on the numbers and positions of the sulfur and oxygen atoms. The [2]pseudorotaxane of 1,4‐dithiadibenzo[24]crown‐8‐ether (1,4‐DTC) was converted into its Pd complex [PdCl2(1,4‐DTC)] by the addition of [PdCl2(cod)] (cod = 1,5‐cyclooctadiene), accompanied by the liberation of dibenzylammonium. Subsequent addition of PPh3 to the mixture led to regeneration of the [2]pseudorotaxane. A [2]pseudorotaxane composed of 1,4‐DTC and dialkylammonium with two vinyl groups at both ends of the axis component underwent a cross‐metathesis reaction with an acrylate ester to form the corresponding [2]rotaxane with an interlocked structure.
Immunosuppressive Diterpenes from Phomopsis sp. S12
Authors: Wei Wei , Gao Jian , Shen Yan , Chu Yan L. , Xu Qiang , Tan Ren X. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractNew immunosuppressants are needed to assist therapeutic efforts to manage immunological diseases. Along with known compounds 1–4, new diterpenes myrocin E (5), libertellenone J (6) and libertellenone K (7) were isolated from the culture of Phomopsis sp. S12, from the apparently normal seed of Illigera rhodantha (Hernandiaceae). The structures were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic and computational approaches, in conjunction with the low‐temperature (100 K) single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction with copper Kα radiation. Libertellenone J (6) was shown to reduce significantly the production of NO, IL‐1β, IL‐6 and TNF‐α with an IC50 range of 2.2–10.2 μM, and to decrease the levels of iNOS, IL‐1β, IL‐6 and TNF‐α mRNA expression in lipopolysaccharide‐activated macrophages with IC50 values of 3.5–15.2 μM. These significant results may inspire the development of new immunosuppressive agents.
Ring‐Expanding Metathesis Oligomerization of Cyclic Nitrones
Authors: Imada Yasushi , Okita Chiaki , Maeda Hiroki , Kishimoto Masayuki , Sugano Yoshinori , Kaneshiro Hiroyuki , Nishida Yuri , Kawamorita Soichiro , Komiya Naruyoshi , Naota Takeshi 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAlthough there has been marked progress in the chemistry of five‐ and six‐membered cyclic nitrones, medium‐ and large‐sized cyclic nitrones have remained untouched despite their potential as functional materials. Herein, we report that medium‐sized cyclic nitrones undergo ring‐expanding dimerization/oligomerization in the presence of organic or inorganic acids, and we have successfully characterized a series of novel macrocyclic polynitrones up to a 50‐membered ring size. An unprecedented ring‐size‐dependent specificity was observed for this reaction, in which cyclic nitrones with odd‐number‐membered rings are converted into dimers with high selectivity, whereas even‐number‐membered rings undergo consecutive ring‐expansion reactions to afford macrocyclic polynitrones.
Construction of a snow retention basin in an Alpine sagging mass / Errichtung eines Beschneiungsteiches in einer alpinen Sackungsmasse
Authors: Marte Roman , Moyschewitz Gerhard , Harml Josef 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis contribution deals with the construction of a snow retention basin (for manufacturing snow) in the ski region Shuttleberg Flachauwinkl‐Kleinarl/Salzburg in a sagging mass movement. In the design stage it was not known whether deformations of the mass movement have to be expected and if so to what amount. Therefore probable scenarios of deformation rates of the mass movement were considered in the design and measurement equipment have been installed in order to observe the behaviour of the construction. First results of the observational system will be presented and discussed after a life time of about two years of the construction.Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird über die Errichtung eines Beschneiungsteiches im Skigebiet Shuttleberg Flachauwinkl‐Kleinarl im Bundesland Salzburg berichtet, der in einer großräumigen aktiven Sackungsmasse errichtet wurde. Da im Zuge der Planung/Bauausführung noch nicht bekannt war, ob und in welcher Größenordnung die Sackungsmasse tatsächlich noch Bewegungen aufweist, wurde die Projektierung auf Basis realitätsnaher Szenarien hinsichtlich möglicher Hangbewegungen durchgeführt und entsprechende (messtechnische) Überwachungsmaßnahmen vorgesehen. Nach einer mittlerweile ca. zweijährigen Beobachtungszeit werden erste Ergebnisse der messtechnischen Beobachtung präsentiert und diskutiert.
Validation of a novel constitutive model for shotcrete using data from an executed tunnel / Validierung eines neuen Stoffgesetzes für Spritzbeton mittels Ergebnissen eines ausgeführten Tunnelprojekts
Authors: Saurer Erich , Marcher Thomas , Schädlich Bert , Schweiger Helmut 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis paper presents the validation of a novel constitutive model for shotcrete in a tunnelling project. The shotcrete model is based on elastoplastic strain hardening/softening plasticity and can account for time dependent strength and stiffness, creep and shrinkage. The validation of the model considers the deformation behaviour of both the primary lining and the surface as well as the time dependent stress strain behaviour of the shotcrete. The calibrated model has been used to simulate the behaviour of the tunnel structure during the excavation process numerically. Furthermore different approaches to model the shotcrete lining for design are applied and briefly discussed.Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit der Validierung eines neuen Stoffgesetzes für Spritzbeton mithilfe von Daten aus einem ausgeführten Tunnelprojekt. Das Stoffgesetz basiert auf elastoplastischer Ver‐ und Entfestigung und berücksichtigt zeitabhängige Festigkeit, Steifigkeit sowie Kriechen und Schwinden. Das kalibrierte Modell wurde verwendet, um das Verhalten des Tunnels während des Ausbruchvorgangs numerisch zu simulieren. Zudem werden verschiedene Ansätze für die Bemessung von Spritzbetonschalen angewandt und diskutiert.
Combining Family‐ and Population‐Based Imputation Data for Association Analysis of Rare and Common Variants in Large Pedigrees
Authors: Saad Mohamad , Wijsman Ellen M. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTIn the last two decades, complex traits have become the main focus of genetic studies. The hypothesis that both rare and common variants are associated with complex traits is increasingly being discussed. Family‐based association studies using relatively large pedigrees are suitable for both rare and common variant identification. Because of the high cost of sequencing technologies, imputation methods are important for increasing the amount of information at low cost. A recent family‐based imputation method, Genotype Imputation Given Inheritance (GIGI), is able to handle large pedigrees and accurately impute rare variants, but does less well for common variants where population‐based methods perform better. Here, we propose a flexible approach to combine imputation data from both family‐ and population‐based methods. We also extend the Sequence Kernel Association Test for Rare and Common variants (SKAT‐RC), originally proposed for data from unrelated subjects, to family data in order to make use of such imputed data. We call this extension “famSKAT‐RC.” We compare the performance of famSKAT‐RC and several other existing burden and kernel association tests. In simulated pedigree sequence data, our results show an increase of imputation accuracy from use of our combining approach. Also, they show an increase of power of the association tests with this approach over the use of either family‐ or population‐based imputation methods alone, in the context of rare and common variants. Moreover, our results show better performance of famSKAT‐RC compared to the other considered tests, in most scenarios investigated here.
Laparoscopic versus open cystgastrostomy for pancreatic pseudocysts: a case‐matched comparative study
Authors: Khaled Yazan S. , Malde Deep J. , Packer Jessica , Fox Thomas , Laftsidis Prodromos , Ajala‐Agbo Tolulope , De Liguori Carino Nicola , Deshpande Rahul , O'Reilly Derek A. , Sherlock David J. , Ammori Basil J. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackgroundCystgastrostomy is the commonest method of internal drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts (PPs). While large and persistent retrogastric pancreatic pseudocysts are amenable to laparoscopic cystgastrostomy, the potential benefits of this minimally invasive laparoscopic approach over open surgery remain to be demonstrated. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of the laparoscopic and open approaches for cystgastrostomy.MethodsPatients who underwent laparoscopic cystgastrostomy (LCG) were matched on a 3:1 basis to those who underwent open cystgastrostomy (OCG) according to age, sex distribution, and size of pseudocyst. The outcomes of the two approaches were compared on an intention‐to‐treat basis. Data shown represent medians.ResultsA total of 54 patients underwent cystgastrostomy (35 LCG, 19 OCG) between 1997 and 2011. The final case matched cohort consisted of 40 patients (12 female and 28 male) of which 30 underwent LCG (two converted to open surgery) and 10 underwent OCG. The laparoscopic and open groups were comparable for age (55 vs. 59 years, P = 0.80), sex distribution, and size of pseudocyst (10 vs. 13 cm, P = 0.51). The laparoscopic approach had a significantly shorter operating time (62 vs. 95 min, P = 0.035) and carried a significantly lower risk of postoperative morbidity (10% vs. 60%, P = 0.024) and shorter postoperative hospital stay (6.2 vs. 11 days, P = 0.038). There was one operative death after OCG (10%).ConclusionThe laparoscopic approach to cystgastrostomy for large and persistent retrogastric pancreatic pseudocysts is associated with a shorter operating time, smoother and more rapid recovery, and a shorter hospital stay compared with open surgery. The laparoscopic approach should be considered the preferable approach where expertise is available.
Hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hemophilia
Authors: Inokawa Yoshikuni , Sugimoto Hiroyuki , Kanda Mitsuro , Yamada Suguru , Fujii Tsutomu , Nomoto Shuji , Takeda Shin , Suzuki Nobuaki , Matsushita Tadashi , Kodera Yasuhiro 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackgroundHepatitis C virus infection due to contamination in large‐pool clotting factor concentrate is a major co‐morbidity in adult patients with hemophilia. Although the development of hepatocellular carcinoma following infection with hepatitis virus is a crucial health problem, there are few reports of hemophilia patients undergoing liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodsSix patients with hemophilia underwent liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in our department from January 2003 to December 2012. We compared these hemophilic patients (H group, n = 6) to control patients without hemophilia (C group, n = 191) who underwent liver resection in the same period.ResultsAll six patients in the H group were hepatitis C virus positive. Administration of coagulation factors was performed perioperatively, and no differences in the operative time and estimated blood loss were observed between the groups. No postoperative complications occurred in the H group, but five patients suffered from recurrence after surgery and subsequently underwent radiofrequency ablation or transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. The median recurrence‐free survival time was 17.9 months and 25.3 months in H and C group, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups.ConclusionsAdequate replacement of coagulation factors enables hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with hemophilia.
Effect of Different Leaf Litters on Carbon, Nitrogen and Microbial Activities of Sodic Soils
Authors: Singh Kripal , Trivedi Pragya , Singh Geetu , Singh Bajrang , Patra Dharani Dhar 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis study investigates the effect of single leaf litter of Terminalia arjuna (Ta) and Prosopis juliflora (Pj), mixed leaf litters [Ta, Pj, Azadirachta indica (Ai) and Albizia procera (Ap)] and paddy straw (Ps; Oryza sativa) on chemical properties and microbial activities of slightly sodic (SS), moderately sodic (MS) and highly sodic (HS) soils during 1 year in vitro decomposition process. For this purpose, equal amount (60 g) of single leaf litter [Ta (C : N = 43) and Pj (C : N = 38)], mixed leaf litters [1/4 of Ta, Pj, Ai and Ap (C : N = 30)] and Ps (C : N = 107) was added to equal amount (600 g) of SS, MS and HS soils. After addition of litters, changes in soil organic carbon (SOC), available nitrogen (Nav), microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, soil respiration, microbial quotient (Cmic : Corg) and metabolic quotient (qCO2) were observed at 2 months intervals for the whole year in greenhouse at constant soil moisture. The respective annual increase, at the end of the experiment, in SOC and Nav was highest in MS soil (40% and 45%), whereas soil microbial biomass and soil respiration showed decreasing trend from HS soil (39% and 29%) to SS soil (28% and 21%). The highest SOC was mineralized in the MS (42%) and HS (32%) soils containing litter of Ta; although greater (20%) accumulation of SOC in SS soil was noticed with mixed leaf litters. The study reveals that MS and HS soils comparatively showed fast decomposition of litters and significant increase in carbon, nitrogen and microbial activities. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cardiac arrhythmias in hypokalemic periodic paralysis: Hypokalemia as only cause?
Authors: Stunnenberg Bas C. , Deinum Jaap , Links Thera P. , Wilde Arthur A. , Franssen Hessel , Drost Gea 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTIt is unknown how often cardiac arrhythmias occur in hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HypoPP) and if they are caused by hypokalemia alone or other factors. This systematic review shows that cardiac arrhythmias were reported in 27 HypoPP patients. Cases were confirmed genetically (13 with an R528H mutation in CACNA1S, 1 an R669H mutation in SCN4A) or had a convincing clinical diagnosis of HypoPP (13 genetically undetermined) if reported prior to the availability of genetic testing. Arrhythmias occurred during severe hypokalemia (11 patients), between attacks at normokalemia (4 patients), were treatment‐dependent (2 patients), or unspecified (10 patients). Nine patients died from arrhythmia. Convincing evidence for a pro‐arrhythmogenic factor other than hypokalemia is still lacking. The role of cardiac expression of defective skeletal muscle channels in the heart of HypoPP patients remains unclear. Clinicians should be aware of and prevent treatment‐induced cardiac arrhythmia in HypoPP. Muscle Nerve 50: 327–332, 2014
BisGMA‐induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in macrophages are attenuated by wogonin via reduction of intrinsic caspase pathway activation
Authors: Huang Fu‐Mei , Chang Yu‐Chao , Lee Shiuan‐Shinn , Yeh Chung‐Hsin , Lee Kevin Gee , Huang Yi‐Chun , Chen Chun‐Jung , Chen Wen‐Ying , Pan Pin‐Ho , Kuan Yu‐Hsiang 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTBisphenol‐A‐glycidyldimethacrylate (BisGMA) is a frequently used monomer in dental restorative resins. However, BisGMA could leach from dental restorative resins after polymerization leading to inflammation in the peripheral environment. Wogonin, a natural flavone derivative, has several benefits, such as antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. Pretreatment of macrophage RAW264.7 cells with wogonin inhibited cytotoxicity which is induced by BisGMA in a concentration‐dependent manner. BisGMA induced apoptotic responses, such as redistribution of phosphatidylserine from the internal to the external membrane and DNA fragmentation, were decreased by wogonin in a concentration‐dependent manner. In addition, BisGMA‐induced genotoxicity, which detected by cytokinesis‐blocked micronucleus and single‐cell gel electrophoresis assays, were inhibited by wogonin in a concentration‐dependent manner. Furthermore, wogonin suppressed BisGMA–induced activation of intrinsic caspase pathways, such as caspases‐3 and −8. Parallel trends were observed in inhibition of caspase‐3 and −8 activities, apoptosis, and genotoxicity. These results indicate wogonin suppressed the BisGMA‐induced apoptosis and genotoxicity mainly via intrinsic caspase pathway in macrophages. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 176–184, 2016.
Morbidity and radiographic outcomes of severe scoliosis of 90° or more: A comparison of hybrid with total pedicle screw instrumentation
Authors: Helenius Ilkka , Mattila Mikko , Jalanko Tuomas 
Published: August 2014

Objectives Untreated severe scoliosis is associated with increased mortality and remains a significant surgical challenge. Few studies have reported mortality after the surgical treatment of severe scoliosis beyond a 2-year follow-up. The objectives of this study were to evaluate mortality beyond standard 2-year follow-up and compare radiographic outcomes using hybrid or pedicle screw instrumentation for severe scoliosis. Methods We evaluated 32 consecutive patients [11 males, mean age at surgery 15.3 (range 10.7–20.7) years] operated for a scoliosis of 90° or more using either hybrid ( n = 15) or pedicle screw ( n = 17) instrumentation. The follow-up time averaged 2.9 (2.0–6.6) years for radiographic and quality of life measurements and 5.5 years (2.0–9.0) years for mortality data. Of these patients, one had adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, three secondary scoliosis, and 28 neuromuscular scoliosis. Twelve patients in the hybrid and two patients in the pedicle screw groups underwent anteroposterior surgery ( p < 0.001), and three patients in both groups had an apical vertebral column resection. Results One (3.1 %) patient died during follow-up for severe pneumonia. Preoperatively, the mean magnitude of the major curve was 109° (90°–127°) in the hybrid and 100° (90°–116°) in the pedicle screw groups ( p = 0.015), and was corrected to 45° (19°–69°) in the hybrid and 27° (18°–40°) in the pedicle screw groups at the 2-year follow-up ( p < 0.001), with a mean correction of the major curve of 59 % (37–81 %) in the hybrid versus 73 % (60–81 %) in the pedicle screw groups, respectively ( p = 0.0023). There were six postoperative complications, including one transient spinal cord deficit necessitating reoperation in the hybrid group as compared with five complications in the pedicle screw group ( p = 0.53). Conclusions The mid-term mortality rate after the surgical treatment of severe scoliosis was low. Severe scoliosis can be treated safely with significantly better correction of the spinal deformity using pedicle screws than hybrid instrumentation.