bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of Behçet's disease in a city in Central Anatolia in Turkey
Authors: Çölgeçen Emine , Özyurt Kemal , Ferahbaş Ayten , Borlu Murat , Kulluk Pınar , Öztürk Ahmet , Öner Ayşe Öztürk , Gün İskender , Aşçıoğlu Özcan 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of Behçet's disease (BD) is much higher in countries along the ancient Silk Route, extending from Japan to Mediterranean countries including Turkey, than in northern Europe and the USA.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of BD in Kayseri, a city in Central Anatolia in Turkey.MethodsThis study investigated cross‐sectional prevalences of BD in individuals aged >10 years in Kayseri, Turkey, in two stages. The first stage aimed to identify individuals with recurrent oral ulcers (ROUs) through home visits, and the second stage aimed to further examine those with ROUs for the presence of other BD‐related manifestations under hospital conditions. The study was conducted using the criteria defined by the International Study Group for Behçet's Disease. The sample size was determined to be 4697 with an expected sampling error of 5.5 per 10,000, with a 95% confidence interval. A standard questionnaire was administered to a total of 5218 individuals.ResultsA history of ROU was recorded in 470 (9.0%) of the 5218 residents, and a previous diagnosis of BD was recorded in nine individuals. The prevalence rate of BD was estimated as 17 cases per 10,000 population in Kayseri, Turkey.ConclusionsThe present study contributes towards estimations of prevalences of BD in Turkey and towards raising public awareness about the disease. It also supports previous studies that have reported the world's highest prevalences of BD in Turkey.
Comparisons of gene expression in normal, lesional, and non‐lesional psoriatic skin using DNA microarray techniques
Authors: Xie Shaoqiong , Chen Zhongjian , Wang Qingliang , Song Xun , Zhang Linglin 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectivesThis study was designed to explore the pathogenesis of psoriasis and to identify potential bio‐targets. Genome array technology was used to analyze the gene expression profiles of lesional and non‐lesional psoriatic skin samples and normal skin samples.MethodsGene expression profile GSE14905 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. This included skin biopsy samples from normal healthy donors (n = 21), lesional skin biopsy samples from psoriasis patients (n = 33), and non‐lesional skin biopsy samples from psoriasis patients (n = 28). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the Limma package in R language. Functions of specific DEGs were predicted by Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. A protein–protein interaction network was constructed to display the interactions among common DEGs. Finally, DAVID and WebGestalt were used to achieve a functional analysis of common DEGs.ResultsTotals of 1020, 562, and 643 genes, respectively, were identified as being differentially expressed in normal versus lesional, normal versus non‐lesional, and lesional versus non‐lesional samples. The specific DEGs in the three groups were enriched for several GO terms, including mitotic cell cycle, immune response, and response to organic matter. The 40 common DEGs in the three groups may be involved in the defense response pathway in the development of psoriasis. Furthermore, three genes (RGS1, SOCS3, and NAMPT) may play key roles in distinguishing lesional and non‐lesional tissues from normal tissues, and 10 genes (PTRRC, ALDH1A3, SAMSA1, C15orf48, ZC3H12A, SOD2, IL8, LTF, RHCG, and IL7R) may play key roles in distinguishing non‐lesional from normal and lesional samples.ConclusionsThese genes may be considered as potential diagnostic markers and targets of therapeutics in psoriasis.
Lichen scrofulosorum caused by Mycobacterium leprae: first report
Authors: Fiallo Paolo , Cabiddu Francesco , Clapasson Andrea , Parodi Aurora 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundTuberculides are skin lesions caused by the hematogeneous dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Bacilli are rapidly destroyed in the skin and are thus neither visible histologically nor identifiable by culture. Diagnosis depends on previous knowledge of systemic and/or cutaneous tuberculosis. Lichen scrofulosorum (LS), the most uncommon variant of tuberculid, is usually associated with M. tuberculosis infection of lymph nodes or bone but was also reported in association with other mycobacterioses.ObjectivesWe report a case of LS in a patient with M. leprae infection.MethodsIn 2008, a 51‐year‐old woman from the Philippines was diagnosed with tuberculoid leprosy and treated. In 2010 the leprosy was considered to have been cured, and treatment was stopped. In 2011 the patient presented with lesions on the trunk and legs. Biopsy specimens were obtained for histopathologic examination and DNA detection for polymerase chain reaction (PCR).ResultsHistopathology in the biopsy from the trunk revealed the dermis to be diffusely occupied by granulomas with perineural and periadnexal disposition. Granulomas were composed of epithelioid cells and lymphocytes. Fite–Faraco staining revealed a few solid acid‐fast bacilli within nerve fascicles. Reinfection or the re‐reactivation of multibacillary borderline tuberculoid leprosy was diagnosed. Histopathology in the biopsy taken from the leg showed superficial, well‐formed granulomas in the vicinity of hair follicles and sweat ducts. No acid‐fast bacilli were seen. Analysis by PCR revealed M. leprae DNA in specimens from both the leg and trunk. The clinical features of the papular eruption and the histopathologic findings and concomitant mycobacterial infection with M. leprae led to a diagnosis of LS. Treatment was commenced with dapsone 100 mg/day, clofazimine 50 mg/day and 300 mg/month, and rifampicin 600 mg/day. The lichenoid eruption on the legs disappeared at one month of therapy, whereas the other skin lesions resolved in one year leaving residual hypochromic macules.ConclusionsInfection with M. leprae may cause LS. The use of PCR in skin biopsies from granulomatous dermatitis of unknown origin can help to identify the responsible agents.
Screening for latent tuberculosis infection in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis patients in a tuberculosis‐endemic country: a comparison of the QuantiFERON®‐TB Gold In‐Tube test and tuberculin skin test
Authors: Duman Nilay , Ersoy‐Evans Sibel , Karadağ Ömer , Aşçıoğlu Sibel , Şener Burçin , Kiraz Sedat , Şahin Sedef 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSince the introduction of biologic therapies for tuberculosis (TB), screening for latent TB infection has increased in importance, especially in countries in which TB is endemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of psoriasis on tuberculin skin test (TST) results and to compare two TB screening tests, the TST and QuantiFERON®‐TB Gold In‐Tube (QFT–GIT) test, in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PA) patients living in a TB‐endemic country (Turkey). This prospective study included 61 psoriasis and 40 PA patients, and 58 healthy controls. Demographic data, medical history, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status, level of education, smoking status, exposure to TB, personal and family histories of TB, and bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination status were recorded for all participants. The TST and QFT–GIT were performed in all participants. The mean ± standard deviation TST indurations in the patient and control groups were 12.6 ± 6.4 mm and 10.2 ± 6.5 mm, respectively (P = 0.051). The TST positivity rate was higher in patients than in controls (86.1% vs. 37.9%; P < 0.001), whereas QFT–GIT positivity did not differ significantly (patients: 20.8%; controls: 17.2%; P = 0.737). False positive results can lead to unnecessary prophylactic TB treatment; therefore, the cut‐off point for TST positivity in psoriasis and PA patients should be re‐evaluated, or other tests, such as the QFT–GIT, should be used.
Safety of performing invasive acne scar treatment and laser hair removal in patients on oral isotretinoin: a retrospective study of 110 patients
Authors: Chandrashekar Byalakere Shivanna , Varsha Danda Venkatesh , Vasanth Vani , Jagadish Puttarangappa , Madura Chandraiah , Rajashekar Maragowdanahalli Lingegowda 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundIt is reported that patients on oral isotretinoin have greater risk of developing scars and delayed wound healing with invasive procedures. It is recommended that these procedures be resumed 6–12 months after the last dose of oral isotretinoin.AimTo assess and compare the safety and look for delayed wound healing, during invasive acne scar treatment and laser hair removal on (a) patients who were on oral isotretinoin, and (b) patients who were not on oral isotretinoin.MethodsA comparative, retrospective study of 110 patients was done. Fifty‐five patients with either acne scars or hirsutism who underwent procedures while on oral isotretinoin, and 55 patients who were not on oral isotretinoin were selected and grouped into A and B respectively. Group A patients were on 0.5 mg/kg/day isotretinoin orally through the entire procedure duration, while group B patients received topical medications alone. The subjects from both groups underwent invasive acne scar treatment and laser hair removal. Clinical and photographic assessment was done at baseline followed by four sessions with an interval of six weeks between each.ResultsIsotretinoin had not resulted in any untoward effects in patients who underwent the procedures. Atypical scarring, delayed wound healing, keloids, or hypertrophic scars were not observed in any patient.ConclusionIsotretinoin does not appear to delay wound healing, and hence invasive procedures can be considered on patients on oral isotretinoin without any compromise on the outcome.
Goltz syndrome and PORCN mosaicism
Authors: Stevenson David A. , Chirpich Meghan , Contreras Yvonne , Hanson Heather , Dent Karin 
Published: July 2014

AbstractGoltz syndrome, also known as focal dermal hypoplasia, is characterized primarily by ectodermal and mesodermal defects. Manifestations include cutis aplasia, dermal hypoplasia, papillomas, chorioretinal colobomas, absent/dysplastic teeth, and skeletal anomalies. Goltz syndrome is an X‐linked disorder due to mutations in PORCN, with a predominance of females affected. Germline mutations in PORCN are thought to result in embryonically lethality in males. We present a boy with a phenotype consistent with Goltz syndrome with low‐level mosaicism for a novel mutation in PORCN from peripheral blood (c.956dupA; p.Asn320GlufsX99).
Luminescence and Microstructure of Nd Doped Y2Si2O7 Electrospun Fibers
Authors: Liu Yin , Olson Thomas L. , Wu Yiquan 
Published: July 2014

Y2Si2O7:Nd3+ nanofibers were synthesized for the first time through a combination of sol–gel and electrospinning methods. Annealing effects on the Y2Si2O7 polymorph transformation and fiber morphology were examined under a scanning electron microscope. About 901, 1061, and 1337 nm emission bands were observed in the ultrafine nanofibers, while the rough fibers with pinholes and a larger grain size exhibited only slight photoluminescence. The one‐dimensional surface stress and low‐temperature crystalline distortion shifted the emission bands of the Nd3+‐ doped Y2Si2O7 fibers.
Color‐Matching Strategies for Non‐Vital Discolored Teeth: Part 1. Laboratory Ceramic Veneer Fabrication Solutions
Authors: Chu Stephen J. , Mieleszko Adam J. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe following is a case report exemplifying the restorative and esthetic correction of a discolored stump shade of a non‐vital tooth maxillary left central incisor tooth. Treatment options are non‐vital bleaching of the root canal‐treated tooth or esthetic restoration through an understanding of color and layered ceramics, where the latter was employed. Proper shade communication as well as additional facial tooth preparation and reduction are key clinical requirements in order to allow the ceramist adequate room to affect a color change without sacrificing translucency or vitality of the definitive restorations.Clinical SignificanceEsthetic restorative correction of a discolored stump tooth shade can be managed with an understanding of color, shade communication, proper tooth preparation, and ceramic layering techniques.
Dehydration and anatexis of UHP metagranite during continental collision in the Sulu orogen
Authors: Li W.‐C. , Chen R.‐X. , Zheng Y.‐F. , Hu Z. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractDehydration and anatexis of ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks during continental collision are two key processes that have great bearing on the physicochemical properties of deeply subducted continental crust at mantle depths. Determining the time and P–T conditions at which such events take place is needed to understand subduction‐zone tectonism. A combined petrological and zirconological study of UHP metagranite from the Sulu orogen reveals differential behaviours of dehydration and anatexis between two samples from the same UHP slice. The zircon mantle domains in one sample record eclogite facies dehydration metamorphism at 236 ± 5 Ma during subduction, exhibiting low REE contents, steep MREE–HREE patterns without negative Eu anomalies, low Th, Nb and Ta contents, low temperatures of 651–750 °C and inclusions of quartz, apatite and jadeite. A second mantle domain records high‐T anatexis at 223 ± 3 Ma during exhumation, showing high REE contents, steeper MREE–HREE patterns with marked negative Eu anomalies, high Hf, Nb, Ta, Th and U contents, high temperatures of 698–879 °C and multiphase solid inclusions of albite + muscovite + quartz. In contrast, in a second sample, one zircon mantle domain records limited hydration anatexis at 237 ± 3 Ma during subduction, exhibiting high REE contents, steep MREE–HREE patterns with marked negative Eu anomalies, high Hf, Nb, Ta, Th and U contents, medium temperatures of 601–717 °C and multiphase solid inclusions of albite + muscovite + hydrohalite. A second mantle domain in this sample records a low‐T dehydration metamorphism throughout the whole continental collision in the Triassic, showing low REE contents, steep MREE–HREE patterns with weakly negative Eu anomalies, low Th, Nb and Ta contents, low temperatures of 524–669 °C and anhydrite + gas inclusions. Garnet, phengite and allanite/epidote in these two samples also exhibit different variations in texture and major‐trace element compositions, in accordance with the zircon records. The distinct P–T–t paths for these two samples suggest separate processes of dehydration and anatexis, which are ascribed to the different geothermal gradients at different positions inside the same crustal slice during continental subduction‐zone metamorphism. Therefore, the subducting continental crust underwent variable extents of dehydration and anatexis in response to the change in subduction‐zone P–T conditions.
Influences of Different Hysterectomy Techniques on Patients' Postoperative Sexual Function and Quality of Life
Authors: Radosa Julia C. , Meyberg-Solomayer Gabriele , Kastl Christina , Radosa Christoph G. , Mavrova Russalina , Gräber Stefan , Baum Sascha , Radosa Marc P. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract

Introduction
Hysterectomy ranks among the most frequently performed gynecological surgical procedures. At the time of operation, the majority of patients are premenopausal and sexually active. Hence, detailed counseling about the effects of hysterectomy on postoperative sexuality and quality of life can be regarded as an integral part of preoperative counseling. However, available data on these subjects are limited and contradictory.

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess quality of life and sexuality following three common hysterectomy procedures—total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH), supracervical laparoscopic hysterectomy (SLH), and vaginal hysterectomy (VH)—in premenopausal patients using the European Quality of Life Five-Dimension Scale (EQ-5D) and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI).

Main Outcome Measures
Preoperative and postoperative EQ-5D and FSFI scores were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Kruskal–Wallis analysis and Mann–Whitney U-test with post hoc Bonferroni correction were used to assess differences among the three subgroups.

Methods
All premenopausal patients who underwent TLH, SLH, or VH without adnexectomy due to benign uterine disorders between April 2011 and June 2013 at the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of Saarland University Hospital were enrolled in this observational cohort study. Sexuality and quality of life status were assessed preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively using two standardized validated questionnaires: the FSFI, a multidimensional, self-reported instrument for the assessment of female sexual function, and the EQ-5D, a standardized, validated instrument to measure an individual's health status.

Results
Of 402 eligible patients, 237 completed the study. Patient characteristics and preoperative FSFI and EQ-5D scores did not differ among the three hysterectomy subgroups. Postoperative FSFI and EQ-5D scores were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.01) than preoperative scores for all procedures but did not differ among the groups.

Conclusions
In this cohort of premenopausal women, hysterectomy without adnexectomy performed due to benign uterine pathologies had significant positive effects on postoperative sexual function and quality of life, regardless of the surgical technique used.
Molecular study of bacterial diversity within the trophosome of the vestimentiferan tubeworm Ridgeia piscesae
Authors: Forget Nathalie L. , Perez Maëva , Juniper S. Kim 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA large proportion of the faunal biomass in hydrothermal vent ecosystems relies on symbiotic relationships, with bacteria as a source of nutrition. Whereas multiple symbioses have been observed in diverse vent hosts, siboglinid tubeworms have been thought to harbour a single endosymbiont phylotype affiliated to the Gammaproteobacteria. In the case of the Northeast Pacific vestimentiferan Ridgeia piscesae, two previous studies suggested the presence of more than one symbiont. The possibility of multiple, and possibly habitat‐specific, symbionts in R. piscesae provided a potential explanation for the tubeworm's broad ecological niche, compared with other hydrothermal vent siboglinids. This study further explored the diversity of trophosome bacteria in R. piscesae using two methodological approaches not yet applied to this symbiosis. We carried out 454‐pyrosequencing on trophosome samples from 46 individual worms and used catalyzed reporter deposition‐fluorescence in situ hybridization (CARD‐FISH) to verify the presence of the major groups detected in the pyrotag data. Both methods yielded inconsistent and sometimes contradictory results between sampling sites, and neither provided irrefutable evidence for the presence of symbionts other than the expected Gammaproteobacteria. We therefore conclude that the other adaptive mechanisms must be considered to explain the broad physico‐chemical niche occupied by the different growth forms of R. piscesae.
At least some protist species are not ubiquitous
Authors: Fontaneto Diego , Hortal Joaquín 
Published: July 2014

Body size is one of the main regulators of the ecological characteristics of living organisms, including their biogeography. The ‘ubiquity hypothesis’ for microorganisms states that they are widely distributed, if not cosmopolitan, due to their small size that allows passive dispersal, in contrast to large organisms that are limited by geographical barriers in their active dispersal. Such idea, summarized in the tenet ‘Everything is everywhere, but the environment selects’, has driven most of the research in biogeography for microscopic organisms in the last decades, spurring a debate on whether there are fundamental differences in the biogeography of small and large organisms or not (Fenchel & Finlay 2004; Foissner 2008; Hortal 2011). The strong focus on the ubiquity hypothesis may have been often abused to provide a rationale for otherwise descriptive work on the spatial distribution of microscopic organisms; nevertheless, such focus also provides a framework to understand the mechanisms originating and maintaining biodiversity in space. The reliability of the analyses on unknown and understudied organisms is improving, and Heger et al. (2013) is a splendid example on small unicellular eukaryotes of what should be done to overcome the major problems and ambiguities that heated the debate on the ubiquity hypothesis.
Genetic structure of an introduced paper wasp,Polistes chinensis antennalis(Hymenoptera,Vespidae) inNewZealand
Authors: Tsuchida Koji , Kudô Kazuyuki , Ishiguro Norio 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSeveral eusocial wasps are prominent invaders to remote islands. The paper waspPolistes chinensis antennalisis native to East Asia, was introduced to New Zealand in 1979 and has expanded its distribution there. This provides an excellent opportunity to examine the impacts of an initial bottleneck and subsequent expansion on genetic structure. We analysed and compared the genetic population structures of the native (Japan and South Korea) and invasive New Zealand populations. Although 94% of individuals had shared haplotypes detected across both populations, the remaining 6% had private haplotypes identified in only one of the three countries. The genetic variation at microsatellite loci was lower in New Zealand than in native countries, and the genetic structure in New Zealand was clearly distinct from that in its native range. Higher frequencies of diploid‐male‐ and triploid‐female‐producing colonies were detected in New Zealand than in the native countries, showing the reduction in genetic variation via a genetic bottleneck. At least two independent introductions were suggested, and the putative source regions for New Zealand were assigned as Kanto (central island) and Kyushu (south island) in Japan. Serial founder events following the initial introduction were also indicated. The estimated dispersal distance between mother and daughter in New Zealand was twice that in Japan. Thus, the introduction history ofP. chinensis antennalisin New Zealand is probably the result of at least two independent introductions, passing through a bottleneck during introduction, followed by population expansion from the point of introduction.
Systematic identification of tRNAome and its dynamics in Lactococcus lactis
Authors: Puri Pranav , Wetzel Collin , Saffert Paul , Gaston Kirk W. , Russell Susan P. , Cordero Varela Juan A. , van der Vlies Pieter , Zhang Gong , Limbach Patrick A. , Ignatova Zoya , Poolman Bert 
Published: July 2014

SummaryTransfer RNAs (tRNAs) through their abundance and modification pattern significantly influence protein translation. Here, we present a systematic analysis of the tRNAome of Lactococcus lactis. Using the next‐generation sequencing approach, we identified 40 tRNAs which carry 16 different post‐transcriptional modifications as revealed by mass spectrometry analysis. While small modifications are located in the tRNA body, hypermodified nucleotides are mainly present in the anticodon loop, which through wobbling expand the decoding potential of the tRNAs. Using tRNA‐based microarrays, we also determined the dynamics in tRNA abundance upon changes in the growth rate and heterologous protein overexpression stress. With a fourfold increase in the growth rate, the relative abundance of tRNAs cognate to low abundance codons decrease, while the tRNAs cognate to major codons remain mostly unchanged. Significant changes in the tRNA abundances are observed upon protein overexpression stress, which does not correlate with the codon usage of the overexpressed gene but rather reflects the altered expression of housekeeping genes.