bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Splitting Scheme to Solve an Equation for Fractional Powers of Elliptic Operators
Authors: Vabishchevich Petr N. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
An equation containing a fractional power of an elliptic operator of second order
is studied for Dirichlet boundary conditions. Finite difference approximations in space are employed.
The proposed numerical algorithm is based on solving an auxiliary
Cauchy problem for a pseudo-parabolic equation. Unconditionally stable
vector-additive schemes (splitting schemes) are constructed. Numerical results
for a model problem in a rectangle calculated using the splitting with respect to
spatial variables are presented.
Exploring Land use and Land cover change in themining areas of Wa East District, Ghana usingSatellite Imagery
Authors: Basommi Prosper Laari , Guan Qingfeng , Cheng Dandan 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Satellite imagery has been widely used to monitorthe extent of environmental change in both mine andpost mine areas. This study uses Remote sensing and GeographicalInformation System techniques for the assessmentof land use/land cover dynamics of mine relatedareas in Wa East District of Ghana. Landsat satellite imageriesof three different time periods, i.e., 1991, 2000 and2014 were used to quantify the land use/cover changes inthe area. Supervised Classification using Maximum LikelihoodTechnique in ERDAS was utilized. The images werecategorized into five different classes: Open Savannah,Closed Savannah, Bare Areas, Settlement and Water. Imagedifferencing method of change detection was used toinvestigate the changes. Normalized Differential VegetativeIndex valueswere used to correlate the state of healthyvegetation. The image differencing showed a positive correlationto the changes in the Land use and Land coverclasses. NDVI values reduced from 0.48 to 0.11. The landuse change matrix also showed conversion of savannahareas into bare ground and settlement. Open and closesavannah reduced from 50.80% to 36.5% and 27.80% to22.67% respectively whiles bare land and settlement increased.Overall accuracy of classified 2014 image andkappa statistics was 83.20% and 0.761 respectively. Thestudy revealed the declining nature of the vegetation andthe significance of using satellite imagery. A higher resolutionsatellite Imagery is however needed to satisfactorilydelineate mine areas from other bare areas in such Savannahzones.
On integral equations with Weakly Singular kernel by using
Taylor series and Legendre polynomials
Authors: Babolian Esmail , Hamedzadeh Danial , Jafari Hossein , Hajikandi Asghar Arzhang , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the numerical solution
for a class of weakly singular Fredholm integral equations
of the second kind. The Taylor series of the unknown
function, is used to remove the singularity and the truncated
Taylor series to second order of k(x, y) about the
point (x0, y0) is used. The integrals that appear in this
method are computed exactly and some of these integrals
are computed with the Cauchy principal value without using
numerical quadratures. The solution in the Legendre
polynomial form generates a system of linear algebraic
equations, this system is solved numerically. Through numerical
examples, performance of the present method is
discussed concerning the accuracy of the method.
Epigenetic Readers of Lysine Acetylation Regulate Cocaine-Induced Plasticity
Authors: Sartor Gregory C. , Powell Samuel K. , Brothers Shaun P. , Wahlestedt Claes 
Published: November 2015

Epigenetic processes that regulate histone acetylation play an essential role in behavioral and molecular responses to cocaine. To date, however, only a small fraction of the mechanisms involved in the addiction-associated acetylome have been investigated. Members of the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) family of epigenetic “reader” proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, and BRDT) bind acetylated histones and serve as a scaffold for the recruitment of macromolecular complexes to modify chromatin accessibility and transcriptional activity. The role of BET proteins in cocaine-induced plasticity, however, remains elusive. Here, we used behavioral, pharmacological, and molecular techniques to examine the involvement of BET bromodomains in cocaine reward. Of the BET proteins, BRD4, but not BRD2 or BRD3, was significantly elevated in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of mice and rats following repeated cocaine injections and self-administration. Systemic and intra-accumbal inhibition of BRD4 with the BET inhibitor, JQ1, attenuated the rewarding effects of cocaine in a conditioned place preference procedure but did not affect conditioned place aversion, nor did JQ1 alone induce conditioned aversion or preference. Investigating the underlying mechanisms, we found that repeated cocaine injections enhanced the binding of BRD4, but not BRD3, to the promoter region ofBdnfin the NAc, whereas systemic injection of JQ1 attenuated cocaine-induced expression ofBdnfin the NAc. JQ1 and siRNA-mediated knockdown of BRD4in vitroalso reduced expression ofBdnf. These findings indicate that disrupting the interaction between BET proteins and their acetylated lysine substrates may provide a new therapeutic avenue for the treatment of drug addiction.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTProteins involved in the “readout” of lysine acetylation marks, referred to as BET bromodomain proteins (including BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, and BRDT), have been shown to be key regulators of chromatin dynamics and disease, and BET inhibitors are currently being studied in several clinical trials. However, their role in addiction-related phenomena remains unknown. In the current studies, we revealed that BRD4 is elevated in the nucleus accumbens and recruited to promoter regions of addiction-related genes following repeated cocaine administration, and that inhibition of BRD4 attenuates transcriptional and behavioral responses to cocaine. Together, these studies reveal that BET inhibitors may have therapeutic utility in the treatment of cocaine addiction.
Separating Visual and Motor Components of Motor Cortex Activation for Multiple Reach Targets: A Visuomotor Adaptation Study
Authors: Grent-'t-Jong Tineke , Oostenveld Robert , Medendorp W. Pieter , Praamstra Peter 
Published: November 2015

Ethologically inspired models of movement preparation view the sensorimotor system as sampling information from the environment in a parallel fashion in preparation for multiple potential actions. In support, the configuration of the physical workspace, manipulated by the number or spatial separation of potential targets, has been shown to modulate sensorimotor neural activity. It is unclear, however, whether this modulation is driven by the sensory layout of the workspace or through the associated motor plans. Here, we combine a delayed-movement pre-cuing task with visuomotor adaptation to address this question in human subjects while recording MEG. By dissociating visual and motor coordinates of two targets using visuomotor adaptation, the task was designed to evaluate, in a selective fashion, the effects of visual and movement target separation on movement preparatory activity. The results did not allow the intended comparison due to an unanticipated effect of the direction of visuomotor adaptation on baseline oscillatory power in beta and low-gamma bands. Fortuitously, this effect was dependent on whether the adaptation direction decreased or increased the angular separation between alternative movements. That is, there was a sustained reduction of oscillatory power, which was stronger at small compared with large target separation. These results support a direct influence of movement target separation on motor cortex neural activity, mediated by lateral interactions between simultaneously active motor plans. The results further demonstrate a novel effect of visuomotor adaptation on motor cortex oscillatory activity, with properties that support the local nature of learned changes in visuomotor mapping.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThere is growing evidence that the motor cortex routinely prepares for different movements simultaneously, each suited to a possible course of events in the immediate environment. The preparatory motor cortex activity for different movements can be seen as a competition between groups of neurons. This competition is influenced by how similar the alternative movements are; for example, in terms of direction, determined by the proximity of alternative movement goals. This study investigates whether the proximity of alternative reach goals has a direct influence on motor cortex activity (in the form of brain oscillations) or if it has an effect only through conscious evaluation of the separation between targets. We establish that there is a direct effect, supporting the biased competition model of action selection.
Cdk5 Regulates Activity-Dependent Gene Expression and Dendrite Development
Authors: Liang Zhuoyi , Ye Tao , Zhou Xiaopu , Lai Kwok-On , Fu Amy K.Y. , Ip Nancy Y. 
Published: November 2015

The proper growth and arborization of dendrites in response to sensory experience are essential for neural connectivity and information processing in the brain. Although neuronal activity is important for sculpting dendrite morphology, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we report that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5)-mediated transcriptional regulation is a key mechanism that controls activity-dependent dendrite development in cultured rat neurons. During membrane depolarization, Cdk5 accumulates in the nucleus to regulate the expression of a subset of genes, including that of the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor, for subsequent dendritic growth. Furthermore, Cdk5 function is mediated through the phosphorylation of methyl-CpG-binding protein 2, a key transcriptional repressor that is mutated in the mental disorder Rett syndrome. These findings collectively suggest that the nuclear import of Cdk5 is crucial for activity-dependent dendrite development by regulating neuronal gene transcription during neural development.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeural activity directs dendrite development through the regulation of gene transcription. However, how molecular signals link extracellular stimuli to the transcriptional program in the nucleus remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that neuronal activity stimulates the translocation of the kinase Cdk5 from the cytoplasmic compartment into the nucleus; furthermore, the nuclear localization of Cdk5 is required for dendrite development in cultured neurons. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis shows that Cdk5 deficiency specifically disrupts activity-dependent gene transcription ofbdnf. The action of Cdk5 is mediated through the modulation of the transcriptional repressor methyl-CpG-binding protein 2. Therefore, this study elucidates the role of nuclear Cdk5 in the regulation of activity-dependent gene transcription and dendritic growth.
Human Amygdala Represents the Complete Spectrum of Subjective Valence
Authors: Jin Jingwen , Zelano Christina , Gottfried Jay A. , Mohanty Aprajita 
Published: November 2015

Although the amygdala is a major locus for hedonic processing, how it encodes valence information is poorly understood. Given the hedonic potency of odor stimuli and the amygdala's anatomical proximity to the peripheral olfactory system, we combined high-resolution fMRI with pattern-based multivariate techniques to examine how valence information is encoded in the amygdala. Ten human subjects underwent fMRI scanning while smelling 9 odorants that systematically varied in perceived valence. Representational similarity analyses showed that amygdala codes the entire dimension of valence, ranging from pleasantness to unpleasantness. This unidimensional representation significantly correlated with self-reported valence ratings but not with intensity ratings. Furthermore, within-trial valence representations evolved over time, prioritizing earlier differentiation of unpleasant stimuli. Together, these findings underscore the idea that both spatial and temporal features uniquely encode pleasant and unpleasant odor valence in the amygdala. The availability of a unidimensional valence code in the amygdala, distributed in both space and time, would create greater flexibility in determining the pleasantness or unpleasantness of stimuli, providing a mechanism by which expectation, context, attention, and learning could influence affective boundaries for guiding behavior.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOur findings elucidate the mechanisms of affective processing in the amygdala by demonstrating that this brain region represents the entire valence dimension from pleasant to unpleasant. An important implication of this unidimensional valence code is that pleasant and unpleasant valence cannot coexist in the amygdale because overlap of fMRI ensemble patterns for these two valence extremes obscures their unique content. This functional architecture, whereby subjective valence maps onto a pattern continuum between pleasant and unpleasant poles, offers a robust mechanism by which context, expectation, and experience could alter the set-point for valence-based behavior. Finally, identification of spatial and temporal differentiation of valence in amygdala may shed new insights into individual differences in emotional responding, with potential relevance for affective disorders.
The Spatial Distribution of Nitrogen Removal Functional Genes in Multimedia Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Ji Guodong , He Chunguang , Tan Yufei , Yang Zhonghua 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT: The real‐time polymerase chain reaction was used to quantitatively evaluate distribution patterns and nitrogen removal pathways of the amoA, nxrA, narG, napA, nirK, qnorB, nosZ, nas, and nifH genes and 16S rRNA in anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in four multimedia constructed wetlands for rural wastewater treatment. The results indicated that the abundance of functional genes for nitrogen removal in the rhizosphere layer (0 to 30 cm), water distribution layer (30 to 50 cm), multime filler layer (50 to 130 cm), and catchment layer (130 to170 cm) of the constructed wetlands were closely related. The rhizosphere layer was conducive to the absolute enrichment of dominant genes. The other three layers were favorable to the relative enrichment of rare genes.
Effects of Biocide Chlorine on Biochemical Responses of the Dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum
Authors: Ebenezer Vinitha , Suh Young Sang , Ki Jang‐Seu 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT: Effects of the biocide sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum were assessed. Growth rate, pigment concentrations, and chlorophyll autofluorescence were monitored up to 72 hours after NaOCl exposure, and these parameters showed dose‐ and time‐dependent decrease. The 72‐hour EC50 was 0.983 mg/L. Additionally, enzymatic activities of lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione were significantly altered with increasing NaOCl and exposure time. Thus, NaOCl at doses of 0.5 mg/L induces physiological and biochemical changes in P. minimum, suggesting that chlorine concentrations observed in power plant discharges and in drinking water systems are potentially detrimental to microalgae.
Optimization of Manganese Reduction in Biotreated POME onto 3A Molecular Sieve and Clinoptilolite Zeolites
Authors: Jami Mohammed S. , Rosli Nurul‐Shafiqah , Amosa Mutiu K. 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT: Availability of quality‐certified water is pertinent to the production of food and pharmaceutical products. Adverse effects of manganese content of water on the corrosion of vessels and reactors necessitate that process water is scrutinized for allowable concentration levels before being applied in the production processes. In this research, optimization of the adsorption process conditions germane to the removal of manganese from biotreated palm oil mill effluent (BPOME) using zeolite 3A subsequent to a comparative adsorption with clinoptilolite was studied. A face‐centered central composite design (FCCCD) of the response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted for the study. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for response surface quadratic model revealed that the model was significant with dosage and agitation speed connoting the main significant process factors for the optimization. R2 of 0.9478 yielded by the model was in agreement with predicted R2. Langmuir and pseudo‐second‐order suggest the adsorption mechanism involved monolayer adsorption and cation exchanging.
Accounting Institution Citation-Based Research Rankings by Topical Area and Methodology
Authors: Myers Noah , Snow Neal , Summers Scott L. , Wood David A. 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
This study creates citation-based rankings for accounting institutions by topical areas (AIS, audit, financial, managerial, tax, and other) and methodologies (archival, analytical, experimental, and other) extending prior count-based ranking studies that disaggregate rankings by topic and methodology. We report separate rankings for different year windows (previous six years, 12 years, and since 1990) and only give institutions credit for authors who currently work for the institution. We show that disaggregated citation-based rankings are important as the correlations for some topic areas and methodologies with an overall ranking are modest. We also show that the correlation for citation-based and count-based rankings can differ significantly in some situations suggesting the importance of considering both types of rankings in decision making.
Data Availability: Requests for data may be made to the authors.
The High Mountain Asia glacier contribution to sea-level rise from 2000 to 2050
Authors: Zhao Liyun , Ding Ran , Moore John C. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe estimate all the individual glacier area and volume changes in High Mountain Asia (HMA) by 2050 based on Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI) version 4.0, using different methods of assessing sensitivity to summer temperatures driven by a regional climate model and the IPCC A1B radiative forcing scenario. A large range of sea-level rise variation comes from varying equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) sensitivity to summer temperatures. This sensitivity and also the glacier mass-balance gradients with elevation have the largest coefficients of variability (amounting to ~50%) among factors examined. Prescribing ELA sensitivities from energy-balance models produces the highest sea-level rise (9.2 mm, or 0.76% of glacier volume a–1), while the ELA sensitivities estimated from summer temperatures at Chinese meteorological stations and also from 1°x1° gridded temperatures in the Berkeley Earth database produce 3.6 and 3.8 mm, respectively. Different choices of the initial ELA or summer precipitation lead to 15% uncertainties in modelled glacier volume loss. RGI version 4.0 produces 20% lower sea-level rise than version 2.0. More surface mass-balance observations, meteorological data from the glaciated areas, and detailed satellite altimetry data can provide better estimates of sea-level rise in the future.
Se tordre avec Lacan
Authors: Arnoux Danielle 
Published: November 2015

Au titre des Formations de l’inconscient Lacan fait la part belle au Trait d’esprit – Witz – dans ses rapports avec l’inconscient car « ça rit » dans l’inconscient. Freud a inventorié dans cet ouvrage (ainsi que dans la Traumdeutung et Psychopathologie de la vie quotidienne ) diverses techniques de fabrication du trait d’esprit où Lacan reconnaît une technique du signifiant. Il montre comment les jeux de mots font surgir une nouvelle signification pour une tierce personne. L’auditoire d’élèves analystes supposés, qu’il aurait aimé faire « se tordre », aura, parfois, occupé cette place de Dritte Person .
Les enfants et Internet à la maison : familles et rapports générationnels en mutation
Authors: Nunes de Almeida Ana , Delicado Ana , de Almeida Alves Nuno 
Published: November 2015

Cet article discute l’utilisation d’Internet par les enfants à la maison, ainsi que les rapports entre adultes et enfants qui en résultent. Une enquête par questionnaire, portant sur des enfants âgés de 8 à 17 ans a été réalisée au Portugal, complétée par des entretiens menés auprès d’enfants du même âge, de parents et de professeurs. Quatre dimensions sont abordées : la caractérisation de la « maison technologique », les modalités d’accès à Internet, l’apprentissage et la diffusion de savoirs ainsi que la construction de règles d’usage d’Internet, l’importance des réseaux familiaux de sociabilité en ligne. L’article souligne la place de la technologie dans la reconfiguration des univers de l’enfance, de la famille et de l’ordre générationnel contemporains, aussi bien que la relance du rôle de la famille comme lieu de production et de transmission de savoirs (numériques en l’occurrence) entre générations.
Que faire des images soviétiques de la Shoah ?
Authors: Pozner Valérie , Sumpf Alexandre , Voisin Vanessa 
Published: November 2015

La Shoah n’a jamais été aussi médiatique qu’en cette année du 70e anniversaire de la « libération » des camps aux deux extrémités du IIIe Reich, mais un véritable aggiornamento des processus de médiatisation du génocide des Juifs pendant et juste après la Seconde Guerre mondiale restait à opérer. D’autant plus nécessaire que l’industrie du spectacle (fiction et documentaire, littérature et albums, télévision et cinéma) fait fonds sur la fascination morbide du grand public et sur une forme stérile d’injonction mémorielle le plus souvent sans réelle réflexion historienne. Elle persiste en outre à ignorer les apports documentaires et historiographiques induits par l’ouverture des archives soviétiques. En se focalisant sur les sources filmiques, mais sans négliger les autres supports d’information et de propagande du temps de guerre, c’est à cette tâche que s’est attelée l’équipe de chercheurs qui a élaboré l’exposition « Filmer la guerre. Les Soviétiques face à la Shoah, 1941-1946 », inaugurée le 8 janvier 2015 au Mémorial de la Shoah à Paris. Dans cet article les trois commissaires de l’exposition proposent de revenir sur deux années de recherches, en exposant les enjeux, les principes méthodologiques, et leurs principaux résultats. Notamment montrer que les heures de films tournées par les Soviétiques sur les crimes de l’occupant en URSS, dans les pays baltes et en Pologne de 1941 à 1945 documentent le génocide des Juifs en détail.
Backward Error Analysis for Eigenproblems Involving Conjugate Symplectic Matrices
Authors: Xu Wei-wei , Li Wen , Jin Xiao-qing 
Published: November 2015

AbstractConjugate symplectic eigenvalue problems arise in solving discrete linear-quadratic optimal control problems and discrete algebraic Riccati equations. In this article, backward errors of approximate pairs of conjugate symplectic matrices are obtained from their properties. Several numerical examples are given to illustrate the results.