bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Operational classification of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas based on unsupervised clustering of real cases by experts
Authors: Gaudy‐Marqueste C. , Grob J. J. , Garbe C. , Ascierto P. A. , Arron S. , Basset‐Seguin N. , Bohne A. S. , Lenoir C. , Dummer R. , Fargnoli M. C. , Guminski A. , Hauschild A. , Kaufmann R. , Lallas A. , del Marmol V. , Migden M. , Penicaud M. , Rembielak A. , Stratigos A. , Tagliaferri L. , Zalaudek I. , Arance A. , Badinand D. , Bossi P. , Challapalli A. , Clementi M. , Di Stefani A. , Ferrándiz‐Pulido C. , Giuffrida R. , Gravina G. L. , Ha P. , Heinzerling L. , Mallet S. , Paradisi A. , Mohr P. , Piccerillo A. , Rutkowski D. , Saiag P. , Sollena P. , Trakatelli M. , Wojcieszek P. , Yom S. S. , Zelin E. , Peris K. , Malvehy J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is currently no staging system for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) that is adapted to decision‐making and universally used. Experts have unconscious ability to simplify the heterogeneity of clinical situations into a few relevant groups to drive their therapeutic decisions. Therefore, we have used unsupervised clustering of real cases by experts to generate an operational classification of cSCCs, an approach that was successful for basal cell carcinomas.ObjectivesTo generate a consensual and operational classification of cSCCs.MethodsUnsupervised independent clustering of 248 cases of cSCCs considered difficult‐to‐treat. Eighteen international experts from different specialties classified these cases into what they considered homogeneous clusters useful for management, each with freedom regarding clustering criteria. Convergences and divergences between clustering were analysed using a similarity matrix, the K‐mean approach and the average silhouette method. Mathematical modelling was used to look for the best consensual clustering. The operability of the derived classification was validated on 23 new practitioners.ResultsDespite the high heterogeneity of the clinical cases, a mathematical consensus was observed. It was best represented by a partition into five clusters, which appeared a posteriori to describe different clinical scenarios. Applicability of this classification was shown by a good concordance (94%) in the allocation of cases between the new practitioners and the 18 experts. An additional group of easy‐to‐treat cSCC was included, resulting in a six‐group final classification: easy‐to‐treat/complex to treat due to tumour and/or patient characteristics/multiple/locally advanced/regional disease/visceral metastases.ConclusionsGiven the methodology based on the convergence of unguided intuitive clustering of cases by experts, this new classification is relevant for clinical practice. It does not compete with staging systems, but they may complement each other, whether the objective is to select the best therapeutic approach in tumour boards or to design homogeneous groups for trials.
Mental health clinical pathways for children and young people with long‐term health conditions: A systematic review
Authors: King Thomas , Shafran Roz , Hargreaves Dougal S. , Muschialli Luke , Linton Daniela , Bennett Sophie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRationaleClinical pathways (CPWs) are structured care plans that set out essential steps in the care of patients with a specific clinical problem. Amidst calls for the prioritisation of integrated mental and physical health care for young people, multidisciplinary CPWs have been proposed as a step towards closer integration. There is very limited evidence around CPWs for young people with mental and physical health needs, necessitating a review of the literature.Aims and ObjectivesThe aim of this review is to understand how clinical pathways have been used to deliver mental health support to children and young people with long‐term physical health conditions and their effectiveness across a range of outcomes.MethodsThe databases MEDLINE, CENTRAL, PsycINFO and CINAHL were searched from inception to 6 September 2023. Keywords linked to children and young people, mental health, long‐term physical health conditions and CPWs were used. Studies using either quantitative or qualitative research designs were included. All studies must have evaluated a CPW to provide mental health support to children and young people (up to 25 years old) with long‐term health physical conditions. Both mental and physical health outcomes were considered. Pathways were grouped by integration ‘model’ as described in the wider literature.ResultsThe initial search returned 4082 studies after deduplication. A total of eight studies detailing six distinct care pathways (232 participants [170 children and young people; 50 caregivers; 12 healthcare professionals]) met eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis. Four pathways were conducted within an ‘integrated model’; two were a combination of ‘integrated’ and ‘colocated’; and none within a ‘co‐ordinated model’. Only pathways within an integrated model reported quantitative health outcomes, with improvements across a range of mental health measures. One negative physical health outcome was reported from an integrated diabetes pathway, but this should be interpreted with caution.ConclusionThis review identified a range of CPW designs but most fell under an integrated model. The results suggest that calls for integrated mental health pathways in this population may be appropriate; however, conclusions are limited by a paucity of evidence.
Primary outcomes and characteristics of clinical trial registries (up to October 2021) on COVID‐19 vaccines
Authors: do Nascimento Yuri Yokoyama , de Toledo Matheus Aparecido , Pasqui Daniel Maringelli , Pacheco Rafael L. , Riera Rachel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo analyse the general and primary outcome‐related characteristics of clinical trials protocols on COVID‐19 vaccines.Study Design and SettingA meta‐research study. A search for clinical trial protocols on COVID‐19 vaccines was conducted on the ClinicalTrials.gov platform. We considered all protocols of comparative trials registered up to October 26, 2021.ResultsTwo hundred and eighty‐two trials were analysed. The median expected trial duration was 445 days (interquartile range [IQR] = 225), and the median target sample size was 420 participants (IQR = 1638). A retrospective registry (after the start date) was observed for 42.55% of the trials. Randomization procedures were planned by 84.75% and full‐blinding procedures by 34.75% of the 282 trials. Most trials were labelled as active or still recruiting, and 14 trials (5%) were completed. None of the 14 trials labelled as completed on our search date had results available. Industry funding was reported by 198 trials (70.2%). Most studies declared more than one primary outcome, usually a safety or immunogenicity outcome, and 59 studies (20.9%) had at least one primary efficacy outcome. The description of the primary efficacy outcomes was limited in most cases, referred to as a non‐specified ‘efficacy’ outcome (18.6%) or described as ‘COVID‐19 cases’ (32.2%).Conclusionthe primary outcomes of clinical trials on COVID‐19 vaccines are poorly described, and the registers provide insufficient information about them. The registry was retrospectively fulfilled for many trials, which may lead to bias and research waste. Outcomes were generically described and did not provide transparent information for replication in practice, further trials or meta‐analyses.
Impact of CAD/CAM burs lifetime on surface properties of dental zirconia: Implications for biocompatibility of custom abutments
Authors: Marinho Liliane Cristina Nogueira , de Paiva Raissa Pinheiro , de Barros Pascoal Ana Luísa , Barboza Carlos Augusto Galvão , Batista André Ulisses Dantas , dos Santos Calderon Patrícia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of the deterioration of computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) burs during zirconia milling, on surface roughness, contact angle, and fibroblast viability.Materials and MethodsCeramic blocks were milled and 75 ceramic disks (8 × 1.5 mm) made and allocated into three groups (n = 25): G1‐brand new 2L and 1L burs, G2‐2L bur at the end of lifetime and brand new 1L bur and G3‐both burs at the end of their lifetimes. Roughness (Ra, Rq, and Rz) was evaluated using a 3D optical profilometer, the contact angle by the sessile drop method and the cell viability of the mouse NIH/3T3 fibroblast, using the Alamar Blue assay at intervals of 24, 48, and 72 h (ISO 10993‐5). Data were analyzed by one‐way ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis tests (p ≤ 0.05).ResultsRoughness increased as the burs deteriorated and G3 (0.27 ± 0.04) presented a higher value for Ra (p < 0.001). The highest contact angle was observed in G3 (86.2 ± 2.66) when compared with G1 (63.7 ± 12.49) and G2 (75.3 ± 6.36) (p < 0.001). Alamar Blue indicated an increase in cell proliferation, with no significant differences among the groups at 24 and 72 h (p > 0.05).ConclusionsThe deterioration of the burs increased the surface roughness and decreased the wettability, but did not interfere in cell viability and proliferation.Clinical SignificanceThe use of custom zirconia abutments represents an effective strategy for single crowns restorations. Our findings suggest that these abutments can be efficiently milled using CAD/CAM burs within their recommended lifetime.
Dielectric properties during the heating process of savory and sweet coconut‐/almond‐based bread in the microwave region
Authors: Kaur Tejinder , Olvera‐Cervantes Jose Luis , Sosa Morales Maria Elena , Corona‐Chavez Alonso 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFor microwave‐assisted heating, accurate knowledge of the dielectric properties (DPs) plays a key role for optimizing the heating process. In this paper, the DPs of four different bread dough formulations are presented from 300 MHz to 20 GHz. The base dough was prepared with almond powder, coconut powder, eggs, cashew nut powder, ghee butter, and cardamom. In addition, three more honey‐sweetened formulations were prepared with honey, goat milk and cacao. The DPs were measured during the complete baking process, from room temperature up to 80°C. It is shown that in all cases, ε′ and ε″ decrease as frequency increases. In addition, a second‐order Debye equation was extracted for all formulations showing two relaxation times (τ1 and τ2), which can be seen in the Cole–Cole plot. Moreover, it is shown that in all formulations, as temperature increases, ε′ and ε″ also increase, which is a typical trend for low moisture foods. Finally, the penetration depths are calculated for all formulations.Practical ApplicationsThe dielectric properties (DPs) of four different bread dough formulations are provided covering a wide band in the microwave range from 300 MHz to 20 GHz. DPs are useful for the development of microwave‐assisted heating applications, where prior knowledge of the DPs permits the optimization of the heating process. In addition, penetration depth is necessary as this parameter allows to calculate the maximum depth that the microwave energy will heat up the sample.
A retrospective study of the management and outcomes of pregnancies with inherited antithrombin deficiency
Authors: Du Zhe , Zhu Tienan , Peng Ping , Liu Xinyan , Fu Linru , Sun Zhijing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionAntithrombin (AT) deficiency is a rare but highly thrombogenic inherited thrombophilia. Its association with adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) is undefined. There is limited guidance on managing AT deficiency in pregnancy. Some significant issues remain controversial, including risk assessment for prophylactic anticoagulation, anticoagulant therapy, and monitoring. Our goal was to examine if the antepartum management of patients with AT deficiency affected their pregnancy outcomes.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective, single‐center observational study included pregnant women with inherited AT deficiency in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2013 and 2024.ResultsSeventeen pregnancies in 6 women with AT deficiency were identified. A total of 7 pregnancies received adjusted‐dose low‐molecular‐weight heparin (LMWH) and were monitored by anti‐Xa level, AT activity, and D‐dimer. There were 5 live births (all received LMWH), 7 second‐trimester abortions (1 received LMWH), and 5 early pregnancy losses (1 received LMWH). There were 5 abruptio placentae events (3 received LMWH) and 7 thrombotic events (2 received LMWH).ConclusionsAT deficiency is at least an important partial factor contributing to APO. It is suggested to make a full assessment of AT patients both for venous thrombus embolism and APO risk. We observed a high prevalence of heparin resistance and a positive correlation between adequate anticoagulation and pregnancy outcome based on tight monitoring with anti‐Xa level and timely adjustment of the LMWH dosage.
Asymmetrical listening practices and hegemonic aurality in a dual‐language kindergarten classroom
Authors: Wirtz Kristina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractListening practices among kindergarteners in a two‐way bilingual elementary school reveal how asymmetries between incoming “English speakers” and “Spanish speakers” shape children's emerging language attitudes. My ethnographic study of a US Midwestern public school (2013–2017) shows that objectifying the two languages was a central project of the school that children embraced. This metapragmatic understanding is most evident in their listening, as opposed to speaking, practices. I argue that a hegemonic aurality privileging English and monolingualism emerges in students' differential attunements to language as sounds or as a communicative code, thereby reinforcing the social dominance of English monolingualism over Spanish bilingualism.
The Temporality of Crisis and the Crisis of Temporality: On the Construction and Modulation of Urgency During Prolonged Crises
Authors: Skade Lorenzo , Lehrer Elisa , Hamdali Yanis , Koch Jochen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite the increasing frequency and awareness of large‐scale crises, our knowledge of how organizations construct urgency to act in these extreme contexts – especially if they are prolonged disasters rather than single events – remains limited. By undertaking an explorative study of the Robert Koch Institute (RKI), the central German organization for disease control and prevention during the COVID‐19 pandemic, we address the research question of how organizations construct urgency during prolonged crises. In doing so, we develop a process model of the construction and modulation of urgency. Specifically, we draw on a temporal perspective to argue that the RKI translated temporal cues of the crisis to mobilize different forms of urgency via the central mechanism of modulating urgency (i.e., by speeding up or slowing down activities) over an extended period of time. Our findings contribute to an advanced understanding of the role of temporality and urgency during prolonged crises by (1) showing how urgency is enacted through temporal practices, (2) extending the literature on temporality and how organizations materialize temporality to construct and modulate urgency, and (3) demonstrating that various forms of urgency exist, rendering it a much more multifaceted concept than previously suggested.
Programs Promoting Physical Activity and Social‐Emotional Learning for Adolescents: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Jackson Deja , Prochnow Tyler , Ettekal Andrea Vest 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSocial‐emotional learning (SEL) and physical activity (PA) are beneficial for adolescent development. This review aims to describe educational programs that promote SEL and PA simultaneously among adolescents.METHODSA search was conducted using electronic databases in 2023 (eg, PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, ERIC) eliciting 5226 articles. Studies were included (n = 5) if they: (1) evaluated a program that promotes both SEL and PA among adolescents; (2) included adolescents aged 10‐19 years old; (3) reported outcomes related to SEL and PA; (4) used a quasi‐experimental or experimental design; (5) were published in English within the last 25 years.RESULTSResults were mixed, with some studies showing impacts on both SEL skills and PA, while others showed benefits for SEL only. Across different programs and measures, integrative SEL and PA interventions demonstrated modest effects, indicating potential but highlighting the need for more research on optimal implementation to improve adolescent well‐being.CONCLUSIONSThese studies highlighted the importance of combining SEL with PA during in‐school and out‐of‐school settings.
Beyond School Climate: Conceptualizing the School as a Protective Factor Approach*
Authors: Mann Michael J. , Kristjansson Alfgeir L. , Smith Megan L. , Lilly Christa L. , Thrisdottir Inibjorg E. , Havlicak Ashley 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe school climate concept has been promising, but has long‐standing critiques that have not been adequately addressed to date. The School as a Protective Factor approach represents one attempt to offer a new approach that builds on and extends beyond the concept of school climate while addressing previously identified limitations.CONTRIBUTIONS TO THEORYThe School as a Protective Factor approach offers a new framework for conceptualizing, measuring, and establishing protective school social and learning environments that co‐promote academic achievement and student health in schools, especially student mental health and substance use/abuse prevention. This new framework includes clear definitions, explicit goals, firmly established constructs, validated measures, and an intentionally parsimonious approach that prioritizes the implementation of well‐established, high‐impact constructs.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITYThe School as a Protective Factor approach presents a simple, easy‐to‐use means of ensuring a school social environment that meets the developmental, academic, and health needs of all children and adolescents while maximizing protection across a range of desired outcomes. Perhaps most importantly, it does so in a manner that is manageable and easily integrated into every aspect of schooling, resonates with the practical experience of school personnel, and includes brief, effective, and free measurement tools.
Analyzing linguistic variation using discursive worlds
Authors: Burnett Heather , Abbou Julie , Thiberge Gabriel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResearchers in variationist sociolinguistics have long sought to develop social measures that are more sophisticated than demographic categories such as age, gender, and social class, while still being useful for quantitative analysis. This paper presents one such new measure: discursive worlds. For each speaker in a corpus, their discursive world is operationalized through compiling a list of specific referents cited in their interview. These lists are then used to construct similarity spaces locating the speakers along dimensions that are discursively relevant in the corpus. Using common clustering algorithms, the corpus speakers are then partitioned into categories, and this partition can be used in statistical analysis. We show how this method can be used to analyze a series of lexical variables in the Cartographie linguistique des féminismes corpus, a corpus of francophone interviews with feminist and queer activists, for which, we argue, quantitative analysis using classic demographic categories is inappropriate.
Assessment of alendronate and dietary treatment in the management of feline idiopathic ionised hypercalcaemia and ionised hypercalcaemia associated with chronic kidney disease: 29 cases (2016‐2022)
Authors: Rzeszutek U. , Allerton F. , Au C. , Bras I. , Briggs A. , Broome H. , Gamston T. , Parton S. , Raj J. , Rossell G. M. , Russell O. , Sparks T. , Bazelle J. 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesThis retrospective cohort multicentre study aimed to characterise the signalment, clinicopathologic data, complications and the association between treatment and outcome (the reduction in ionised calcium concentration) in cats with idiopathic or chronic kidney disease‐associated ionised hypercalcaemia managed with alendronate and standard treatment or standard treatment alone, and to compare the outcome between the two groups.Materials and MethodsMedical records for cats diagnosed with idiopathic or chronic kidney disease‐associated ionised hypercalcaemia were retrospectively reviewed. Cats treated with alendronate and standard treatment were assigned to the alendronate group and cats treated with standard treatment alone were assigned to the control group. The standard treatment was defined as dietary modification and/or monitoring of ionised calcium concentrations and management of complications secondary to hypercalcaemia. The follow‐up period was selected as 6 months.ResultsTwenty‐nine cats were enrolled in the study. Nine cats were included in the control group and 20 cats in the alendronate group. A significant reduction in serum ionised calcium was observed in both groups between the baseline and the follow‐up visit; however, this reduction did not differ significantly between both groups (the mean change in the ionised calcium concentration in alendronate and control group was −0.18 and −0.17, respectively). Suspected bisphosphate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw was reported in one cat receiving alendronate.Clinical SignificanceIn this study, similar reduction in serum ionised calcium concentration was observed in cats with ionised hypercalcaemia treated with diet alone and in cats treated with diet and alendronate. These results should be interpreted with caution, as the study was underpowered for meaningful statistical comparison. Cats receiving alendronate should be monitored for the development of adverse reactions, including osteonecrosis of the jaw.
Methylprednisolone alone or combined with cyclosporine or mycophenolate mofetil for the treatment of immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia in dogs, a prospective study
Authors: Agnoli Chiara , Tumbarello Michele , Vasylyeva Kateryna , Selva Coddè Carola S. , Monari Erika , Gruarin Marta , Troìa Roberta , Dondi Francesco 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundBenefit of adding a second‐line immunosuppressive drug to glucocorticoids for the treatment of non‐associative immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia (naIMHA) in dogs has not been defined prospectively.Hypothesis/ObjectivesEvaluate the effectiveness of different immunosuppressive protocols in naIMHA dogs.AnimalsForty‐three client‐owned dogs.MethodsOpen label, randomized, clinical trial. Dogs were treated with methylprednisolone (M‐group), methylprednisolone plus cyclosporine (MC‐group) or methylprednisolone plus mycophenolate mofetil (MM‐group). Dogs were defined as responders by disappearance of signs of immune‐mediated destruction and hematocrit stabilization. Frequency of responders was compared between M‐group and combined protocols (MC and MM‐group evaluated together), and among the 3 different therapeutic groups at 14 (T14), 30 (T30), 60 (T60) days after admission. Frequency of complications, length of hospitalization and relapse were also compared. Death rate was evaluated at discharge, T60 and 365 (T365) days.ResultsProportion of responders was not significantly different between M‐group and combined protocols (MC and MM‐groups), nor among the 3 therapeutic groups at T14, T30, and T60 (P > .17). Frequency of relapse, complications, and length of hospitalization were not significantly different between M‐group and dogs treated with combined protocols, nor among the 3 treatment groups (P > .22). Death was significantly more common only for MM‐group compared with MC‐group at T60 (+42.8%; 95% CI: 11.5–67.4; P = .009), and at T365 (+50%; 95% CI: 17.5–73.2; P = .003).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceCombined immunosuppressive therapy did not improve hematological response in naIMHA.