bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Average surface wind pressure surrounding tall buildings with cruciform shapes
Authors: Yan Li , He Bao-Jie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Building shape affects wind pressure on building surfaces, while limited studies have examined how building shape affects the wind pressure on cruciform-shaped tall buildings. This article investigated the variation of the average wind pressure coefficient (AWPC) on cruciform-shaped tall buildings with the height–width ratio (HWR) and height–thickness ratio (HTR). The results demonstrated the occurrence of building blockage, wind separation, wind re-circulation, and wind re-attachment on building surfaces. The frontal surface of the main building was always the windward surface with positive wind pressure. At 2/3 of the building height (H), the peak AWPCs in all scenarios were ~0.70. However, in the case with an HWR of 3.66, the side surfaces of the main building and the frontal surfaces of the branch building, wind pressure was all negative. With the HWR reduction by building width increase, wind pressure on these surfaces became positive, where the AWPCs in the HWR = 1.41 case were 0.60–0.63 and 0.64–0.69 on side and frontal surface, respectively. With the HWR decrease, both positive and negative wind pressure intensified. Along the central axis (M1) in the vertical direction, wider buildings had stronger positive wind pressure on the frontal surfaces below 0.10H, while narrower buildings had stronger positive wind pressure above 0.82H. In comparison, HTR made limited differences to the wind pressure on the frontal surface. Overall, vertical results showed that scenarios with smaller HWR underwent stronger positive and negative wind pressures. On the HTR cases, wind pressure on top surfaces showed complicated results, while thicker buildings had weaker negative wind pressure on the back surface. Overall, this study is important to understand the characteristics of wind load on cruciform-shaped tall buildings and generate implications for wind resistance, natural ventilation design, and wind electricity generation over tall buildings.
Assessing marginal effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 across Africa: a hybrid modeling study
Authors: Montcho Yvette , Dako Sidoine , Salako Valère Kolawole , Tovissodé Chénangnon Frédéric , Wolkewitz Martin , Glèlè Kakaï Romain 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Since 2019, a new strain of coronavirus has challenged global health systems. Due its fragile healthcare systems, Africa was predicted to be the most affected continent. However, past experiences of African countries with epidemics and other factors, including actions taken by governments, have contributed to reducing the spread of SARS-CoV-2. This study aims to assess the marginal impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions in fifteen African countries during the pre-vaccination period. To describe the transmission dynamics and control of SARS-CoV-2 spread, an extended time-dependent SEIR model was used. The transmission rate of each infectious stage was obtained using a logistic model with NPI intensity as a covariate. The results revealed that the effects of NPIs varied between countries. Overall, restrictive measures related to assembly had, in most countries, the largest reducing effects on the pre-symptomatic and mild transmission, while the transmission by severe individuals is influenced by privacy measures (more than $10\%$). Countries should develop efficient alternatives to assembly restrictions to preserve the economic sector. This involves e.g. training in digital tools and strengthening digital infrastructures.
Integrated overview of stramenopile ecology, taxonomy, and heterotrophic origin
Authors: Jirsová Dagmar , Wideman Jeremy G 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Stramenopiles represent a significant proportion of aquatic and terrestrial biota. Most biologists can name a few, but these are limited to the phototrophic (e.g. diatoms and kelp) or parasitic species (e.g. oomycetes, Blastocystis), with free-living heterotrophs largely overlooked. Though our attention is slowly turning towards heterotrophs, we have only a limited understanding of their biology due to a lack of cultured models. Recent metagenomic and single-cell investigations have revealed the species richness and ecological importance of stramenopiles—especially heterotrophs. However, our lack of knowledge of the cell biology and behaviour of these organisms leads to our inability to match species to their particular ecological functions. Because photosynthetic stramenopiles are studied independently of their heterotrophic relatives, they are often treated separately in the literature. Here, we present stramenopiles as a unified group with shared synapomorphies and evolutionary history. We introduce the main lineages, describe their important biological and ecological traits, and provide a concise update on the origin of the ochrophyte plastid. We highlight the crucial role of heterotrophs and mixotrophs in our understanding of stramenopiles with the goal of inspiring future investigations in taxonomy and life history. To understand each of the many diversifications within stramenopiles—towards autotrophy, osmotrophy, or parasitism—we must understand the ancestral heterotrophic flagellate from which they each evolved. We hope the following will serve as a primer for new stramenopile researchers or as an integrative refresher to those already in the field.
Goal-directed osteoporosis treatment: ASBMR/BHOF task force position statement 2024
Authors: Cosman Felicia , Lewiecki E Michael , Eastell Richard , Ebeling Peter R , Jan De Beur Suzanne , Langdahl Bente , Rhee Yumie , Fuleihan Ghada El-Hajj , Kiel Douglas P , Schousboe John T , Borges Joao Lindolfo , Cheung Angela M , Diez-Perez Adolfo , Hadji Peyman , Tanaka Sakae , Thomasius Friederike , Xia Weibo , Cummings Steven R 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The overarching goal of osteoporosis management is to prevent fractures. A goal-directed approach to long-term management of fracture risk helps ensure that the most appropriate initial treatment and treatment sequence is selected for individual patients. Goal-directed treatment decisions require assessment of clinical fracture history, vertebral fracture identification (using vertebral imaging as appropriate), measurement of bone mineral density (BMD), and consideration of other major clinical risk factors. Treatment targets should be tailored to each patient’s individual risk profile and based on the specific indication for beginning treatment, including recency, site, number and severity of prior fractures, and BMD levels at the total hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine. Instead of first-line bisphosphonate treatment for all patients, selection of initial treatment should focus on reducing fracture risk rapidly for patients at very high and imminent risk, such as in those with recent fractures. Initial treatment selection should also consider the probability that a BMD treatment target can be attained within a reasonable period of time and the differential magnitude of fracture risk reduction and BMD impact with osteoanabolic versus antiresorptive therapy. This position statement of the ASBMR/BHOF Task Force on Goal-Directed Osteoporosis Treatment provides an overall summary of the major clinical recommendations about treatment targets and strategies to achieve those targets based on the best evidence available, derived primarily from studies in older postmenopausal women of European ancestry.
Effects of drilling parameters on stress relief performance during mining
Authors: Li Guofu , Hao Dingyi , Wang Zheng , Zheng Chunshan , Huang Jiaxin , Sun Dongling 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the effects of borehole diameter and borehole interval on the stress relief performance of coal seams during mining. A discrete element numerical model was established based on the Voronoi and block models, and the stress relief performance was investigated in terms of axial stress, vertical displacement, and plastic zone development using the control variates method. The results showed that a decrease in the distance from the workface was accompanied by an increase in the effects of mining, the stress concentration, and the vertical displacement of the roof. Coal mining had positive effects on fracture propagation in front of the workface. As the borehole interval increased, the density of boreholes in the coal seams decreased, reducing the stress concentration and fracture propagation in front of the workface. The stress relief performance of the boreholes in the coal seams was improved at a borehole interval of 8 m. However, as the borehole diameter increased, the stress concentration near the boreholes decreased, reducing the effects of the workface mining on stress relief through the boreholes. Meanwhile, increasing the borehole diameter decreased the vertical displacement of the roof but exacerbated fracture propagation in front of the workface, which improved the stress relief performance of the boreholes in the coal seams. This study provides a reference for arranging boreholes in coal seams during mining.
Anthony Collins’s Non-Vindication of the Divine Attributes
Authors: Pearce Kenneth L 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Anthony Collins’s 1710 pamphlet A Vindication of the Divine Attributes is not a vindication of the divine attributes. But what precisely is it? I argue that Collins’s Vindication is best interpreted as a kind of prelude to his later Discourse of Free-Thinking (1713). The Vindication aims to show that our beliefs about the existence and nature of God cannot rest on the authority of the clergy. Instead we must, as Collins puts it, ‘impartially examine every thing (how Sacred soever it may appear … before [being] examin’d)’. Freethinking, Collins argues, must extend even so far as questioning the foundational principles of natural religion.
The psychological side of menopause: evidence from the comorbidity network of menopausal, anxiety, and depressive symptoms
Authors: Wen Jie , Wang Wei , Liu Kexin , Sun Xiaole , Zhou Jianghua , Hu Hongxia , Liang Juyan , Bi Xianmin , Li Rong , Miao Miao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
Numerous studies have uncovered a correlation between menopausal, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. How these symptoms interrelate and influence each other, however, remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the associations between menopausal, anxiety, and depressive symptoms using network analysis.

Methods
The participants comprised 423 women (M
age = 49.21 ± 4.01 y; range, 40-60 y) recruited from a menopause clinic at a tertiary hospital in Beijing, China. Demographic characteristics and menopausal, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were obtained through self-report questionnaires. Two networks were established: a partial correlation network and a Bayesian network.

Results
The menopausal symptom of nervousness exhibited a robust association with anxiety symptoms in both networks. Within the partial correlation network, the depressive symptom of tiredness emerged as a pivotal symptom, facilitating the co-occurrence of menopausal and depressive symptoms. Bayesian network analysis exhibited that the depressive symptom of a loss of interest was related to certain menopausal symptoms through depressive symptoms of tiredness and motor problems, both serving as critical links between menopausal symptoms and depression. Notably, four menopausal symptoms—arthralgia/myalgia, formication, sexual complaints, and urinary tract infection—appeared independent of other menopausal, anxiety, and depressive symptoms.

Conclusions
Both psychological (eg, fatigue) and somatic (eg, hot flashes, headaches, and dizziness) menopausal symptoms demonstrate strong associations with depression. In providing optimal support for women's health during menopause, psychological interventions aimed at depression, particularly among those experiencing a loss of interest or pleasure in activities, should complement conventional therapies.
Dietary choline and betaine intake minimally impacts rate of annualized cognitive performance throughout the menopause transition: data from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation
Authors: Cowan-Pyle Alexandra E. , Wallace Taylor C. , Klatt Kevin C. , Slavin Margaret , Bailey Regan L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
Dietary choline is associated with lower risk of dementia in older adults, yet this association during mid-life remains unknown. Given that menopause reflects a nutrition-sensitive time point where prevention strategies may mitigate cognitive deficits, we examined the relationship of choline, betaine, and egg intakes (ie, dietary exposures) with cognitive performance in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) cohort (N = 1,006).

Methods
SWAN is a longitudinal study of women across the menopause transition. Diet was assessed via modified Block food frequency questionnaire, and cognitive function was examined using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Digits Backward Test, and East Boston Memory Test (EBMT). Annualized rate of cognitive scores and quartiles of diet were computed using linear mixed models overall (all diet exposures) and by baseline menopausal status (choline, betaine only).

Results
Among all women, higher choline (P-for-trend = 0.006) and betaine (P-for-trend = 0.005) intakes, independently and combined (ie, choline + betaine; P-for-trend = 0.001), were significantly associated with reduced rate of change on the EBMT–Delayed Recall (DR), but egg intake did not consistently impact cognitive function. By menopausal status, higher betaine, but not choline, was associated with a lower annualized rate of change in cognitive performance on the EBMT-DR (mean difference [95% confidence interval]; Q1: referent vs Q4: −0.071 [−0.17, 0.03]; P-for-trend = 0.006) for early perimenopausal women; nevertheless, choline and betaine were not associated with cognitive function among premenopausal women.

Conclusions
Higher dietary betaine intake among early perimenopausal women and higher dietary intakes of betaine and choline, independently and combined, among all women, were minimally associated with the trajectory of verbal episodic memory, yet no associations between diet and cognition were observed among premenopausal women. Future research should address the relationship between dietary intake and cognition during menopause in other research settings and cohorts.
Effect of ASC Injection in the Inflammatory Reaction in Silicone Implant Capsule: Animal Model
Authors: Camargo Cristina Pires , Santos Deborah Luisa de Sousa , Cerqueira Dantas Viviane Abreu Nunes , Furuya Tatiane Katsue , Freitas-Marchi Bruna Leticia , Alves Maria José Ferreira , Uno Miyuki , Gemperli Rolf 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Capsular contracture is a common complication affecting about 80% of patients who receive radiotherapy after breast reconstruction with silicone prostheses. This study examines the use of adipocyte stem cells (ASCs) to treat capsular contracture.

Methods:
Thirty rats were operated on to implant a minisilicone prosthesis in the dorsal region. The rats were divided into three groups: control (saline solution injection), radiotherapy (RDT), and RDT + ASC. After 3 months, the capsules were collected and submitted to histological analysis for inflammatory cell presence, vascular density, and collagen fibers, and gene expression of Tnf, Il1rap, Il10, Cd68, Mmp3, and Mmp9 by qPCR.

Results:
In macroscopic analysis, the RTGO score showed a two-point reduction in RDT + ASC compared with the RDT (P = 0.003). In histological analysis, ASC exhibited less than 50% of inflammatory cells compared with RDT (P = 0.004), which was similar to control. This study demonstrated that Il1rap gene expression was identical in both RDT and RTD + ASC. Compared with control, treatment with ASC reduced Il1rap expression by 30%. Cd68 and Mmp3 expression levels were similar in both the control and RTD + ASC.

Conclusion:
This study suggests that ASC treatment decreases silicone prosthesis capsule inflammation.
Complications after Oncoplastic Breast Reduction and Impact on Time to Adjuvant Therapy
Authors: Moen Micaela , Holton Tripp , Phung Angelina , Badve Shivani , Mylander Charles , Sanders Thomas , Pauliukonis Margaret , Jackson Rubie Sue 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Although lumpectomy with oncoplastic breast reduction (OBR) improves cosmetic results and ameliorates symptomatic macromastia, associated complications may delay adjuvant therapy.

Methods:
This was a single-institution, retrospective study of OBRs (2015–2021). A major complication was defined as need for IV antibiotics, and/or operation under general anesthesia. Association of complications with delay to adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy, radiation) was assessed.

Results:
In total, 282 patients were included. The major complication rate was 3.9%, and overall complication rate was 31.2%. The most common complication was incisional dehiscence (23.4%). Body mass index [BMI >35 (P < 0.0001)], diabetes (P = 0.02), and HgbA1c [>6.5 (P = 0.0002)] were significantly associated with having a major complication. The occurrence of any complication was associated with a delay in time to radiation (median 7 versus 8 weeks, P < 0.001). The occurrence of a major complication was associated with a more meaningful delay to radiation (median 7 versus 15 weeks, P = 0.002). Occurrence of any complication, or a major complication, was not associated with delay to chemotherapy.

Conclusions:
The overall complication rate observed after OBR falls within the range reported in the literature. Patients with a BMI more than 35, diabetes, and/or HgbA1c more than 6.5 were at increased risk for a major complication, which was associated with a meaningful delay to radiation. Consideration may be given to partial mastectomy alone without oncoplastic reduction in patients with small tumors when the priority to avoid radiation delay is high (eg, high-risk tumors), or the risk of delay is high (eg, diabetic or BMI >35).
Improvement of Tamoxifen Induced Foveal Cavitation with Topical Dorzolamide Therapy
Authors: Falavarjani Khalil Ghasemi , Sarraf David 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
To present a case of severe foveal cavitation and near complete macular hole secondary to tamoxifen toxicity that improved after tamoxifen cessation and topical dorzolamide therapy.

Methods:
A 45-year-old female referred with bilateral tamoxifen maculopathy. Bilateral foveal cavitation, worse in the right eye (OD) with draping of the internal limiting membrane, was noted with baseline optical coherence tomography.

Results:
After discontinuing tamoxifen therapy and administering topical acetazolamide drops, cavitation remarkably improved OD with near resolution of the macular hole, and without recurrence 4 months after discontinuation of the topical drops.

Conclusion:
A short course of topical dorzolamide drop therapy may be beneficial in cases with severe foveal cavitation due to tamoxifen toxicity.
Nephrotoxicity of Intravenous Ganciclovir in Pediatric Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients
Authors: Inagaki Kengo , Vander Lugt Mark T. , Riggsbee Daniel , Weinberg Jason B. 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Associations between ganciclovir and severe nephrotoxicity are incompletely defined. Studies incorporating the time-varying nature of medication exposures and those that address confounding by indication are particularly scarce in children undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Methods:
We identified children undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation in the Pediatric Health Information System database and tracked them for 1 year following transplantation. The primary exposure of interest was the use of ganciclovir, which was treated as a time-varying variable. Secondary exposures of interest included cidofovir, foscarnet, amphotericin B, aminoglycosides, vancomycin and calcineurin inhibitors. The primary outcome of interest was renal replacement therapy, which was assessed using marginal structural Cox proportional hazards regression model incorporating time-varying variables and inverse-probability-of-treatment weight.

Results:
Of 17,924 children who underwent hematopoietic cell transplantation during the study period, 3078 (17.2%) had exposure to ganciclovir. In marginal structural Cox proportional hazards regression model incorporating time-varying variables and inverse-probability-of-treatment weight, ganciclovir was associated with an increased hazard of renal replacement therapy (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.84, 95% confidence interval: 1.22–2.76). Some of secondary exposures of interest, including cidofovir, amphotericin B and vancomycin, also were associated with renal replacement therapy.

Conclusions:
Intravenously administered ganciclovir is associated with renal dysfunction severe enough to require renal replacement therapy in pediatric hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. Ganciclovir should be used with caution and close monitoring. Approaches to mitigate the risks of nephrotoxicity should be investigated.
Universal versus targeted treatment of neonatal herpes simplex virus among neonates presenting for sepsis evaluations
Authors: Dantuluri Keerti L. , Ahmed Amina 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
The American Academy of Pediatrics recently published guidance for the evaluation and management of febrile infants. However, guidance on testing and empiric treatment for neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) remains less standardized and subject to clinical practice variation.

Recent findings
Recent reports reveal that high numbers of infants presenting for sepsis evaluations need to be treated empirically with acyclovir to capture one case of neonatal HSV. Clinical and laboratory risk factors for neonatal HSV identified in the literature can be used for a targeted approach to testing and treating infants for HSV to optimize resource utilization.

Summary
The literature supports a targeted approach to evaluation and empiric acyclovir treatment for neonatal HSV, but additional studies are needed to validate this approach given the rarity of disease.