bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A unique covalent bond in basement membrane is a primordial innovation for tissue evolution
Authors: Fidler Aaron L. , Vanacore Roberto M. , Chetyrkin Sergei V. , Pedchenko Vadim K. , Bhave Gautam , Yin Viravuth P. , Stothers Cody L. , Rose Kristie Lindsey , McDonald W. Hayes , Clark Travis A. , Borza Dorin-Bogdan , Steele Robert E. , Ivy Michael T. ,   The Aspirnauts, Hudson Julie K. , Hudson Billy G. 
Published: December 2013

Significance
The evolution of multicellular animals from single-celled ancestors was one of the most significant transitions of life on earth. The emergence of larger, more complex animals able to resist predation and colonize new environments was enabled, in part, by a collagen scaffold, which anchors cells together to form tissues and organs. Here, we show that a unique chemical bond, a link between sulfur and nitrogen atoms called a sulfilimine bond, arose over 500 Mya, binding this scaffold together and enabling tissues to withstand mechanical forces. Peroxidasin forms the bond by generating hypohalous acids as strong oxidants, a form of bleach, which normally function as antimicrobial agents. These understandings may lead to approaches for targeting tumors and treatment of other diseases.
SuperBiHelix method for predicting the pleiotropic ensemble of G-protein–coupled receptor conformations
Authors: Bray Jenelle K. , Abrol Ravinder , Goddard William A. , Trzaskowski Bartosz , Scott Caitlin E. 
Published: December 2013

Significance
It is known that G-protein–coupled receptors exhibit several distinct low-energy conformations, each of which might favor binding to different ligands and/or lead to different downstream functions. Understanding the function of such proteins requires knowledge of the ensemble of low-energy configurations that might play a role in this pleiotropic functionality. We present the SuperBiHelix methodology aimed at identifying all the low-energy structures that might play a role in binding, activation, and signaling. SuperBiHelix uses overall template information from all available experimental or theoretical structures and then does very complete (∼13 trillion configurations) sampling of the helix rotations and tilts to predict the ensemble of low-energy structures. We find that different mutations and ligands stabilize different conformations.
Social Notes: Oscar Wilde, Francis Bacon, and the Medium of Aphorism
Authors: Reader Simon 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
This paper reads Oscar Wilde's aphoristic style in terms of the note-taking practices he develops as an undergraduate at Oxford. It treats his use of small, mobile pieces of language as a strategy for dealing with methodological uncertainty in a time of curricular upheaval. His trademark style is perhaps best understood as a form of social notation, whereby pieces of information behave as actors seeking sociality and recombination, rather than placement in systematic arrangements. One significant unpublished source – the ‘Notebook on Philosophy’ – discloses Wilde's engagement with a surprising aphoristic precursor, Francis Bacon, who deploys the form for similar purposes. In modelling a form of non-teleological informational assembly, Wilde's notebooks also body forth the utopian social life he conceives in his later critical writings.
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor protects against bacterial infection by promoting macrophage survival and reactive oxygen species production
Authors: Kimura Akihiro , Abe Hiromi , Tsuruta Sanae , Chiba Sayuri , Fujii-Kuriyama Yoshiaki , Sekiya Takashi , Morita Rimpei , Yoshimura Akihiko 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is crucial for various immune responses. The relationship between AhR and infection with the intracellular bacteria Listeria monocytogenes (LM) is poorly understood. Here, we show that in response to LM infection, AhR is required for bacterial clearance by promoting macrophage survival and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. AhR-deficient mice were more susceptible to listeriosis, and AhR deficiency enhances bacterial growth in vivo and in vitro. On the other hand, pro-inflammatory cytokines were increased in AhR-deficient macrophages infected with LM despite enhanced susceptibility to LM infection in AhR-deficient mice. Subsequent studies demonstrate that AhR protects against macrophage cell death induced by LM infection through the induction of the antiapoptotic factor, the apoptosis inhibitor of macrophages, which promotes macrophage survival in the setting of LM infection. Furthermore, AhR promotes ROS production for bacterial clearance. Our results demonstrate that AhR is essential to the resistance against LM infection as it promotes macrophage survival and ROS production. This suggests that the activation of AhR by its ligands may be an effective strategy against listeriosis.
The English Struwwelpeter and the Birth of International Copyright
Authors: Brown Jane , Jones Gregory 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Following its publication in 1848, The English Struwwelpeter was to become a long-lived favourite among children's books in Britain, yet for half a century it was an exclusively German production. It is proposed that The English Struwwelpeter was the first outstanding beneficiary of the first major convention on international copyright, concluded between Britain and Prussia in 1846. The identity of the gifted translator was never revealed, but evidence is presented which converges on a new proposal, Alexander Platt. Understanding the book's history has previously been hampered by the mystifying ramifications of its more than fifty editions. For the first time all editions, some issued under two or three different imprints concurrently, are characterised and dated. The 11th edition is identified as having influenced the development of Slovenly Peter in America. The early British responses to the book's copyright protection are traced, as are the responses to its eventual expiry.
Initial Experience with Intraventricular Repair Using CorMatrix Extracellular Matrix
Authors: Yanagawa Bobby , Rao Vivek , Yau Terrence M. , Cusimano Robert J. 
Published: December 2013

Objective Pericardial patches for intraventricular repair are limited by progressive calcification, thickening, and retraction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of CorMatrix extracellular matrix (ECM) for intraventricular repair of mechanical complications of myocardial infarction (MI). Methods CorMatrix ECM is a novel material synthesized from decellularized porcine small intestinal submucosa. Between July 2011 and October 2012, a total of 11 consecutive patients with post-MI complications including ventricular aneurysm (n = 7), ventricular septal defect (VSD; n = 3), and both aneurysm and VSD (n = 1) underwent patch repair using CorMatrix ECM. Clinical follow-up and interval transthoracic echocardiography data were collected. Results Eleven patients underwent Dor or linear left ventricular aneurysm repair and/or patch VSD repair. There were two reoperations and one surgical mortality but no cases of CorMatrix ECM repair failures. The mean ± SD clinical follow-up was 207 ± 211 days, and the longest follow-up was 642 days, during which there was no readmission for any cardiac cause or death. The mean ± SD transthoracic echocardiography follow-up was 176 ± 220 days, which demonstrated integrity of CorMatrix ECM repair in all cases. Conclusions In our series, CorMatrix ECM was a safe alternative for ventricular patch repair of mechanical complications after MI in the short-term. This series supports the continued study of the efficacy and the regenerative potential of this novel material for cardiac repair.
Minithoracotomy versus Sternotomy for Mitral Surgery in Patients with Chronic Renal Impairment
Authors: Tang Paul , Onaitis Mark , Desai Bhargavi , Gaca Jeffrey G. , Milano Carmelo A. , Stafford-Smith Mark , Glower Donald D. 
Published: December 2013

Objective Compared with median sternotomy, a right thoracotomy (RT) approach to mitral surgery is associated with decreased postoperative acute renal failure. Therefore, we examined propensity-matched patients with chronic renal impairment to compare outcomes. Methods A retrospective review at a single institution identified patients who underwent mitral valve surgery from 1986 to 2010. After excluding patients who had procedures that were not usually performed through an RT approach, 2306 patients were identified. Of this group, we found 446 patients with preoperative creatinines of 1.3 mg/dL or greater. Using propensity score matching based on comorbidities, operative year, and surgeon, 90 matched patients in each group were included. Results There was no difference in the median year of operation. Postoperative mortality is 20% lower for the RT group ( P = 0.037) using Mantel-Cox statistics. This greater survival in the RT group occurred early within the first year and was maintained on long-term follow-up. The RT approach was also associated with a Cox proportional hazard for mortality of 0.528 ( P = 0.006). Incidence of postoperative complications with an RT approach was lower in terms of acute renal failure (10% vs 21%, P = 0.05), stroke (1% vs 9%, P = 0.017), and permanent pacemaker insertion (3% vs 11%, P = 0.044). Right thoracotomy was associated with lower chest tube outputs (503 vs 1333 mL, P < 0.001). Conclusions The RT approach was associated with lower postoperative mortality and morbidity in patients with impaired renal function. The RT approach to the mitral valve may be preferred in this high-risk population.
Dextranomer Hyaluronic Acid Copolymer Effects on Gastroesophageal Junction
Authors: Martin Kathryn , Emil Sherif , Bernard Chantal , Gaied Fady , Blumenkrantz Miriam , Laberge Jean‐Martin , Morinville Veronique , Nguyen Van‐Hung 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTObjective:The outcomes of fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux disease are suboptimal in many children, and alternatives are clearly needed. Dextranomer hyaluronic acid (DxHA) copolymer, an agent with proven efficacy in vesicoureteral reflux, was studied with respect to its effects on the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ).Methods:Twelve New Zealand white rabbits underwent measurement of lower esophageal sphincter pressure followed by laparotomy and injection into the muscular layer of the GEJ (controls, 1.0 mL saline; low‐dose DxHA [0.5 mL]; high‐dose DxHA [1.0 mL]). After a 12‐week survival period, the animals underwent manometry, sacrifice, and necropsy. Organs were examined histologically by pathologists blinded to the injection delivered.Results:All animals survived. Weight gain was equal in the 3 groups. There was no significant difference in mean lower esophageal sphincter pressure from baseline in any group (control 2.3 mmHg [95% confidence interval, CI −3.3 to 7.9]; low‐dose group 3.2 mmHg [95% CI −0.8 to 7.2]; high‐dose group −4.0 mmHg [95% CI −18.95 to 10.95]). Histologically, DxHA injection produced an intramural implant, with a foreign body giant cell reaction, and fibroblastic infiltration with collagen deposition. High‐dose injection did not consistently result in a qualitative increase in the magnitude of the reaction. There was no mucosal injury or luminal stenosis.Conclusions:In this first study evaluating the effects of DxHA injection at the GEJ, a histologic bulking effect was observed without obvious functional complications. The agent may have a role in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Question of an Infectious Etiology or Contribution to the Pathogenesis of Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
Authors: Modarressi Taher 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTInfantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a concerning cause of nonbilious vomiting in the neonatal population. Although a number of etiological theories exist, its exact cause remains nebulous. The question of an infectious etiology (or contribution) has been previously examined in case reports and case series, with recent support through suggestions of seasonality and familial aggregation with unclear inheritance patterns. The present review discusses the published literature regarding infectious etiologies of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Furthermore, it attempts to demonstrate that newer research regarding an NOS1 genetic etiology does not exclude, but rather can be consistent with, an infectious etiology.
Lower Fructose Intake May Help Protect Against Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver in Adolescents With Obesity
Authors: O'Sullivan Therese A. , Oddy Wendy H. , Bremner Alexandra P. , Sherriff Jill L. , Ayonrinde Oyekoya T. , Olynyk John K. , Beilin Lawrence J. , Mori Trevor A. , Adams Leon A. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTObjectives:Although obesity is a major risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), not all individuals with obesity develop the condition, suggesting that other factors such as diet may also contribute to NAFL development. We evaluated associations between fructose and total sugar intake and subsequent diagnosis of NAFL in adolescents with obesity and without obesity in a population‐based cohort.Methods:Adolescents participating in the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study completed 3‐day food records and body mass index measurement at age 14 years. At age 17 years, participants underwent abdominal ultrasound to determine NAFL status. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyse associations between energy‐adjusted fructose and total sugar intake and NAFL status. Food diaries and liver assessments were completed for 592 adolescents.Results:The prevalence of NAFL at age 17 was 12.8% for the total group and 50% for adolescents with obesity. Fructose intake did not significantly differ between adolescents with or without NAFL in our cohort as a whole. Among adolescents with obesity, those without NAFL had significantly lower energy‐adjusted fructose intake at age 14 years compared with those with NAFL (mean ± standard deviation [SD] 38.8 ± 19.8 g/day, vs 55.7 ± 14.4 g/day, P = 0.02). Energy‐adjusted fructose intake was independently associated with NAFL in adolescents with obesity (OR [odds ratio] 1.09, 95% CI 1.01–1.19, P = 0.03) after the adjustment for confounding factors. Energy‐adjusted total sugar intake showed less significance (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.999–1.07, P = 0.06). No significant associations were observed in other body mass index categories.Conclusions:Lower fructose consumption in adolescents with obesity at 14 years is associated with a decreased risk of NAFL at 17 years. Fructose rather than overall sugar intake may be more physiologically relevant in this association.
Fat‐Soluble Vitamins in Cystic Fibrosis and Pancreatic Insufficiency
Authors: Bertolaso Chiara , Groleau Veronique , Schall Joan I. , Maqbool Asim , Mascarenhas Maria , Latham Norma E. , Dougherty Kelly A. , Stallings Virginia A. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of the study was to assess the impact of LYM‐X‐SORB (LXS), an organized lipid matrix that has been shown to be absorbable without pancreatic enzyme therapy on fat‐soluble vitamin status in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) and pancreatic insufficiency (PI).Methods:Children with CF and PI were randomized to daily LXS or an isocaloric placebo comparison supplement for 12 months. Serum vitamins A (retinol), D (25‐hydroxyvitamin D[25D]), E (α‐tocopherol, α‐tocopherol:cholesterol ratio), and K (percentage of undercarboxylated osteocalcin [%ucOC] and plasma proteins induced by vitamin K absence factor II [PIVKA II]) were assessed at baseline and 12 months. Dietary intake was determined using 3‐day weighed food records and supplemental vitamin intake by a comprehensive questionnaire.Results:A total of 58 subjects (32 boys, age 10.3 ± 2.9 years [mean ± standard deviation]) with complete serum vitamin, dietary and supplemental vitamin data were analyzed. After adjusting for dietary and supplemental vitamin intake, serum retinol increased 3.0 ± 1.4 μg/dL (coefficient ± standard error) (adjusted R2 = 0.02, P = 0.03) and vitamin K status improved as demonstrated by a decreased percentage of undercarboxylated osteocalcin of −6.0% ± 1.6% by 12 months (adjusted R2 = 0.15, P < 0.001). These changes occurred in both the LXS and placebo comparison groups. No changes in serum 25D or α‐tocopherol were detected. Both nutrition interventions increased caloric intake a mean of 83 ± 666 kcal/day by 12 months.Conclusions:Vitamins A and K status improved, whereas vitamins D and E status was unchanged during 12 months of LXS and isocaloric placebo comparison supplement in children with CF and PI.
A 4‐Polymorphism Risk Score Predicts Steatohepatitis in Children With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Nobili Valerio , Donati Benedetta , Panera Nadia , Vongsakulyanon Apirom , Alisi Anna , Dallapiccola Bruno , Valenti Luca 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTObjective:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease in industrialized countries in adults and children, following the trail of the epidemic diffusion of obesity. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a potentially serious form of NAFLD linked with a significant increase in overall and liver‐related morbidity and mortality. Because diagnosis still requires liver biopsy, there is urgent need of developing noninvasive early markers. The aim of the present study was to assess whether the simultaneous detection of genetic risk factors could predict NASH.Method:We enrolled 152 untreated, consecutive obese children and adolescents with biopsy‐proven NAFLD and increased liver enzymes. The PNPLA3 rs738409 C>G (I148 M), SOD2 rs4880 C>T, KLF6 rs3750861 G>A, and LPIN1 rs13412852 C>T polymorphisms were detected by Taqman assays.Results:A multivariate logistic model based on the genetic risk factors significantly predicted NASH (area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.67–0.82, P < 0.0001), performing better than a clinical risk score identified at stepwise regression based on age, aspartate aminotransferase levels, and diastolic blood pressure (AUC 0.66, 95% CI 0.57–0.75). A single cutoff value of the genetic risk score had 90% sensitivity and 36% specificity for NASH. A risk score combining the clinical and genetic risk factors resulted in an AUC of 0.80 (95% CI 0.73–0.87).Conclusions:A score based on genetic risk factors significantly predicts NASH in obese children with increased liver enzymes, representing a proof‐of‐principle that genetic scores may be useful to predict long‐term outcomes of the disease and guide clinical management.
Agent‐based Modelling of Climate Adaptation and Mitigation Options in Agriculture
Authors: Berger Thomas , Troost Christian 
Published: December 2013

AbstractComputer simulation models can provide valuable insights for climate‐related analysis and help streamline policy interventions for improved adaptation and mitigation in agriculture. Computable general equilibrium (CGE) and partial equilibrium (PE) models are currently being expanded to include land‐use change and energy markets so that the effects of various policy measures on agricultural production can be assessed. Agent‐based modelling (ABM) or multi‐agent systems (MAS) have been suggested as a complementary tool for assessing farmer responses to climate change in agriculture and how these are affected by policies. MAS applied to agricultural systems draw on techniques used for Recursive Farm Programming, but include models of all individual farms, their spatial interactions and the natural environment. In this article, we discuss the specific insights MAS provide for developing robust policies and land‐use strategies in response to climate change. We show that MAS are well‐suited for uncertainty analysis and can thereby complement existing simulation approaches to advance the understanding and implementation of effective climate‐related policies in agriculture.
Food Safety Offenses in New South Wales, Australia: A Critical Appreciation of Their Complexities
Authors: Ali Abu Noman M.A. , Solaiman S.M. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractFood is essentially a primary need of all life to remain alive. Faults or carelessness of human beings renders foods unsafe, which may cause disease and death. This article examines selected food safety offenses of New South Wales aimed at assessing their definitional clarity and penal rationality looking through the lens of an offender's culpability. It carries out a critical analysis based on archival materials and concludes that the present offense provisions hold significant merits to regulate food safety; however, further clarity of their inherent complexities could enhance their efficacy.
Sinapic Acid and Its Derivatives: Natural Sources and Bioactivity
Authors: Nićiforović Neda , Abramovič Helena 
Published: December 2013

Abstract Sinapic acid is widespread in the plant kingdom (fruits, vegetables, cereal grains, oilseed crops, and some spices and medicinal plants) and as such is common in the human diet. Derivatives of sinapic acid are characteristic compounds in the Brassicaceae family. Sinapic acid shows antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, anticancer, and anti‐anxiety activity. 4‐Vinylsyringol (a decarboxylation product of sinapic acid) is a potent antioxidative and antimutagenic agent which suppresses carcinogenesis and the induction of inflammatory cytokines. Sinapine (sinapoyl choline) is considered to be an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor which might have therapeutic applications in various disease treatments. Mainly due to their antioxidative activity, these compounds have been suggested for potential use in food processing, cosmetics, and the pharmaceutical industry, and this review aims to summarize current knowledge on the natural sources, chemistry, and biological activity of these substances.
Texture and Structure Measurements and Analyses for Evaluation of Fish and Fillet Freshness Quality: A Review
Authors: Cheng Jun‐Hu , Sun Da‐Wen , Han Zhong , Zeng Xin‐An 
Published: December 2013

Abstract Recently, food safety and quality have become critical issues of great concern throughout the world. Fish is one of the most vulnerable and perishable aquatic products. The evaluation of fish and fillet freshness is therefore very significant in research and development for providing premium and supreme quality for human health and acceptance by consumers, as well as for international trade. The texture and structure of fish muscle are important freshness quality attributes that depend on several parameters such as hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, chewiness, resilience, and adhesiveness, as well as the internal cross‐linking of connective tissue and the detachment of fibers. This review aims to present recent advances of texture and structure measurements and analyses, including sensory evaluation and instrumental methods, for indicating and evaluating fish freshness quality. Factors affecting these measurements are detailed and correlations between texture and structure are discussed. Moreover, the limitations and challenges of fish texture and structure measurements are described and some viewpoints about current work and future trends are also presented.