bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hole Doping of Tin Bromide and Lead Bromide Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Semiconductors
Authors: Lorena Giancarlo S , Hasegawa Hiroyuki , Takahashi Yukihiro , Harada Jun , Inabe Tamotsu 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Isomorphous layered A2MBr4 perovskite (A = C6H5C2H4NH3+ and C6H9C2H4NH3+; M = Sn and Pb) semiconductors with energy gaps of 2.5–2.9 eV were prepared. Though the as-grown A2MBr4 perovskites displayed lower conductivities than the iodide analogs, they were found to be spontaneously doped. Furthermore, we demonstrated that hole doping is effective in wide-ranging A2MX4 materials that have sizable valence and conduction bands with tunable band gaps, showing potential as soluble semiconductors.
The Nature of Creativity in Cartographic Design with Special Reference to the Barbara Petchenik Map Design Competition
Authors: Castner Henry W. 
Published: June 2014

Every other year, the International Cartographic Association sponsors an international map design competition, for children 15 years old or younger, that coincides with its biennial congress. The competition promotes the creative representation of the world. The theme of the latest competition was “A World Map.” The breadth and ambiguity of this theme does not convey information about its conceptual basis or the grounds upon which entries might be judged. In promotional material, words like “creativity” often appear but it is unclear what is meant in this cartographic context. In comparing what cartographers and art educators say about creativity, it is clear that there are perceptual skills and a body of principles of graphic design which cartographers can systematically apply to enhance creative map design particularly when specific problems are being addressed. This paper provides some background on these and other related questions and suggests ways that the Map Design Competition might provide more useful guidance for competitors and judges alike.
The Jumonji family: past, present and future of histone demethylases in cancer
Authors: Franci Gianluigi , Ciotta Alfonso , Altucci Lucia 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe first Jumonji gene was cloned in 1995 by Takeuchi et al. [Takeuchi T, Yamazaki Y, Katoh-Fukui Y, Tsuchiya R, Kondo S, Motoyama J, Higashinakagawa T. Gene trap capture of a novel mouse gene, jumonji, required for neural tube formation. Genes Dev 1995; 9: 1211–22.]. Several genes sharing similar biological features have since been discovered, and are currently grouped into the JMJ family. Interestingly, their deregulation has been associated with cardiac disease, obesity, neurological disorders and cancer. One of the mechanisms underlying their function is gene expression modulation via histone post-translational modifications (PTMs). Increasing evidence of Jumonji deregulation in tumours such as colon, prostate, haematological and breast cancer is continually emerging, hence the need to acquire a better understanding. The Genesapiens.org database of patient arrays allows target expression levels to be investigated in a wide range of cancers, corroborating and extending the role of the JMJ family. Here, we provide an overview of the expression profile and regulation of JMJ family members in cancer, examining the most recent literature in the light of analyses drawn from this database.
Novel Scheme to Improve Power Factor of Slip Energy Recovery Drive by Selective Harmonic Elimination
Authors: Ismayil C. , Nanda Kumar M. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In this paper, the harmonic analysis of inverter voltage of a slip energy recovery drive (SERD) is carried out and proposes a novel approach to improve the supply side power factor of the overall drive system. The proposed model is a self-commutated SERD using IGBT inverter, and a modulation technique called selective harmonic elimination (SHE) is applied to improve the supply side power factor. The complete solutions for switching patterns to eliminate the fifth and seventh harmonics are developed using genetic algorithm. SHE method is simulated in semi-open-loop mode, and the power factor of the drive is compared with conventional line commutated thyristor inverter-based SERD. Simulations have been carried out in Matlab/Simulink environment to predetermine the performance of the drive, and results show a significant improvement in the input power factor of the drive.
Bifurcation Analysis of a Capacitive Micro-resonator Considering Non-local Elasticity Theory
Authors: Valilou Shiva , Rezazadeh Ghader , Shabani Rasoul , Fathalilou Mohammad 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This paper deals with analysis of the mechanical behavior of an electro-statically-actuated micro-beam resonator from the bifurcation view of point. The non-local constitutive relation has been used to obtain the governing deformation equations. The obtained static equation has been solved using two approaches. The dynamic equation of motion has been solved applying a Galerkin-reduced order model. Bifurcation behavior of the beam subjected to an electrostatic force has been analyzed using the both approaches. The fixed points of the beam for given voltages have been obtained and stability of them determined by studying the phase portraits for each fixed point.
Nano is nano is nano or: nanotechnology – a European legal perspective
Authors: Fulda Christian , Weber-Bruls Dorothée , Werth Jochen 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn Europe, nanotechnology is perceived as one of the innovative technologies that may drive technological progress. At the same time, Europe historically has followed an approach to cautiously but proactively regulate new technologies, instead of taking a wait-and-see approach. This article discusses how the European legal system bridges the requirements of regulation and the opportunities of innovation. It focuses in particular on the question of the definition of nanotechnology, as any legislation has to start with a clear understanding of its scope, which typically is achieved by definitions. The article, in part 1, addresses the current state of play when it comes to regulation of nanotechnology in the European Union. In part 2, we discuss how nanotechnology is approached under the European patent system and how the upcoming new European patent system may see a convergence of innovation and regulation.
Linking Genetics to Structural Biology: Complex Heterozygosity Screening with Actin Alanine Scan Alleles Identifies Functionally Related Surfaces on Yeast Actin
Authors: DiPrima Stephanie , Haarer Brian , Viggiano Susan , Pons Carles , Myers Chad L , Amberg David C 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPrevious genome-level genetic interaction screens with the single essential actin gene of yeast identified 238 nonessential genes that upon deletion result in deleterious, digenic complex haploinsufficiences with an actin null allele. Deletion alleles of these 238 genes were tested for complex heterozygous interactions with 32 actin alanine scan alleles, which target clusters of residues on the surface of actin. A total of 891 deleterious digenic combinations were identified with 203 of the 238 genes. Two-dimensional hierarchical cluster analysis of the interactions identified nine distinct groups, and the alleles within clusters tended to affect localized regions on the surface of actin. The mutants in one cluster all affect electrostatic interactions between stacked subunits in the long pitch helix of the actin filament. A second cluster that contains the most highly interactive alleles may disrupt the tropomyosin/myosin system, as one of the mutants in that cluster cannot support Type V myosin-dependent movement of secretory vesicles in haploids and causes processivity defects in heterozygous diploids. These examples suggest the clusters represent mutations with shared protein−protein interaction defects. These results show that complex heterozygous interaction screens have benefit for detecting actin-related genes and suggest that having actin filaments of mixed composition, containing both mutant and wild-type subunits, presents unique challenges to the cell.
The evaluation of van der Waals interaction in the oriented-attachment growth of nanotubes
Authors: Jin Weixuan , He Weidong , Wen Kechun , Lin Xiao , Zhang Yuqian , Cao Huanqi , Song Yuanqiang , Lv Weiqiang , Dickerson James H. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTaking the advantage of nanomaterials to protect the environment and avoiding the side effect need a fundamental understanding of the growth mechanism of the nanomaterials. Here, the van der Waals interaction between a nanoparticle and a nanotube in the oriented-attachment growth of nanotubes is quantitatively evaluated for the first time. In particular, the correlation between van der Waals interaction and the growth parameters is investigated in depth. Our work opens up the opportunity of studying the important interparticle interactions in the oriented attachment growth of nanotubes.
Synthesis and Characterization of Co0.6Zn0.4Mn0.3Fe1.7O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Gupta Arti , Tandon R. P. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTIn the recent time spinel ferrite magnetic nanoparticles have been largely studied owing to various applications of these materials in the information storage, ferro-fluid technology, magnetocaloric effect, refrigeration and medical diagnostics. In this category cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles specifically gained huge research attention and prepared by various chemical methods. However, further investigations are still needed on the substituted CoFe2O4 (CFO) nanoparticles to explore their various characteristics. In this paper we present our results on Mn and Zn substituted cobalt ferrite (Co0.6Zn0.4Mn0.3Fe1.7O4 ) nanoparticles prepared by chemical co precipitation method. The x ray diffraction pattern of as prepared Co0.6Zn0.4Mn0.3Fe1.7O4 (CZFMO) nanoparticles indicated their average particle size =20 nm. Magnetic properties of these nanoparticles before and after thermal annealing have been compared. Magnetization (M) vs. field (H) loop measurements at T = 293 K on as prepared and thermally annealed CZFMO nano powders revealed an unusual feature contrary to CFO nanoparticles prepared under same conditions. The saturation magnetization (Ms) decreases after the thermal annealing unlike the usual increase in Ms observed for CFO nanoparticles. These nano sized CZFMO powder samples are further characterized by low temperature magnetic measurements; Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
Association of Gingivitis With Child Oral Health–Related Quality of Life
Authors: Tomazoni Fernanda , Zanatta Fabricio B. , Tuchtenhagen Simone , da Rosa Guilherme N. , Del Fabro Joana P. , Ardenghi Thiago M. 
Published: June 2014

Background: Child oral health–related quality of life (COHRQoL) has been increasingly assessed. However, the full relationship between gingivitis and COHRQoL has been assessed by only a small number of studies. This study aims to assess the association between gingival bleeding and how a child perceives its OHRQoL.Methods: This cross‐sectional study used multistage random sampling to enroll 1,134 12‐year‐old schoolchildren from Santa Maria, a southern city in Brazil. Participants were examined for gingival bleeding according to the community periodontal index criteria, a full‐mouth clinical examination of six sites per tooth. COHRQoL was assessed by the Brazilian version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire for 11‐ to 14‐Year‐Old Children (CPQ11–14), and data on socioeconomic status were collected. Multilevel Poisson regression models fitted the association of gingivitis with overall and domain‐specific CPQ11–14 scores.Results: In general, children with bleeding in ≥15% of sites had higher total CPQ11–14 scores and domain‐specific scores than their counterparts. This association persisted after adjustment for other potential confounders. The presence and extent of gingival bleeding was associated mainly with emotional limitation domains of the CPQ11–14; those with extended levels of gingivitis had a 1.20 times higher mean score than those with low‐level/no gingival bleeding (rate ratio = 1.20; 95% confidence interval = 1.10 to 1.31).Conclusion: The present results indicate that the presence of extensive levels of gingivitis might be negatively associated with how children perceive their oral health and their daily life.
Use of Cosolvents To Improve Alkaline/Polymer Flooding
Authors: Fortenberry R.. , Kim D.H.. H. , Nizamidin N.. , Adkins S.. , Pinnawala Arachchilage G.W.. W. , Koh H.. , Weerasooriya U.. , Pope G.A.. A. 
Published: June 2014

Summary
We have found that the addition of low concentrations of certain inexpensive light cosolvents to alkaline/polymer (AP) solutions dramatically improves the performance of AP corefloods in two important ways. First, the addition of cosolvent promotes the formation of low-viscosity microemulsions rather than viscous macroemulsions. Second, these light cosolvents greatly improve the phase behavior in a way that can be tailored to a particular oil, temperature, and salinity. This new chemical enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) technology uses polymer for mobility control and has been termed alkali/cosolvent/polymer (ACP) flooding. ACP corefloods perform as well as alkaline/surfactant/polymer (ASP) corefloods while being simpler and more robust. We report 12 successful ACP corefloods using four different crude oils ranging from 12 to 24°API. The ACP process shows special promise for heavy oils, which tend to have large fractions of soap-forming acidic components, but is applicable across a wide range of oil gravity.
Mobilization of Immobile Water: Connate-Water Mobility During Waterfloods In Heterogeneous Reservoirs
Authors: Graue Arne , Ramsdal Johannes , Fernø Martin A. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryIn a series of laboratory waterfloods, we investigate the extent of mixing of injection water and connate water, connate-water mobility, and connate-water banking during water injection for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). Local dynamic water saturations of connate water and injected water were imaged individually by use of a nuclear-tracer technique. The connate water was displaced from the pore space by the injected water and accumulated downstream in a connate-water bank that advanced toward the production end. The connate-water bank significantly reduced the contact between the injected water and mobile oil. During capillary displacement—i.e., during spontaneous imbibition without a viscous pressure drop—the connate water was also mobilized and accumulated downstream in the core. During viscous displacement—i.e. with a pressure gradient as small as 0.3 mbar/cm—the accumulated connate water was mobilized in a miscible displacement and produced from the core. Only a small mixing zone was observed between the injected and connate waters, even with fully miscible conditions by use of identical brine compositions. The results of the displacement mechanisms experimentally visualized in this work are important for water-based EOR techniques, including low-salinity-water and polymer injections, as well as any tertiary oil-recovery method based on chemical injection.
In Vitro Growth of Lens Epithelial Cells from Cataract Patients - Association with Possible Risk Factors for Posterior Capsule Opacification
Authors: Sundelin Karin , Petersen Anne , Soltanpour Yalda , Zetterberg Madeleine 
Published: June 2014

Aim :
Inter-individual differences in intrinsic proliferative capacity of lens epithelial cells may have importance for the risk of developing posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after cataract surgery. The purpose of the present study was to determine growth of human lens epithelial cells (HLEC) in culture and investigate possible associations with clinical characteristics of the donors, such as age, sex, pseudoexfoliation, uveitis and diabetes.

Methods :
Pieces of lens capsule and adhering lens epithelial cells were obtained through capsulorhexis at cataract surgery. Specimens were cultured in a humidified CO2-incubator using standard culture medium and 5% fetal calf serum for two weeks after which cultured cells were stained with carboxy-fluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester. Image processing software was used to determine the area of the confluent epithelial cell layer in relation to the size of the original capsule specimen.

Results :
The increase in area of confluent HLEC showed a negative correlation with diabetes at the first week after surgery. Lower age and female sex showed border-line significant associations with a higher rate of cell proliferation. The presence of pseudoexfoliation in vivo did not significantly affect cell growth in culture postoperatively. Nor did installation of xylocain in the anterior chamber during surgery.

Conclusion :
Diabetes is associated with lower rate of proliferation of lens epithelial cells in culture. The lack of strong correlations between in vitro growth and known risk factors for PCO in the donors suggest that other factors than the proliferative capacity of the cells per se are important for PCO formation.
Low-grade chronic inflammation perpetuated by modern diet as a promoter of obesity and osteoporosis
Authors: Ilich Jasminka Z. , Kelly Owen J. , Kim Youjin , Spicer Maria T. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Some of the universal characteristics of pre-agricultural hominin diets are strikingly different from the modern human diet. Hominin dietary choices were limited to wild plant and wild animal foods, while the modern diet includes more than 70 % of energy consumed from refined sugars, refined vegetable oils, and highly processed cereals and dairy products. The modern diet, with higher intake of fat has also resulted in a higher ratio of omega-6 (n-6) to omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), contributing to low-grade chronic inflammation (LGCI) and thus promoting the development of many chronic diseases, including obesity and osteoporosis. In this review, we describe the changes in modern diet, focusing on the kind and amount of consumed fat; explain the shortcomings of the modern diet with regard to inflammatory processes; and delineate the reciprocity between adiposity and inflammatory processes, with inflammation being a common link between obesity and osteoporosis. We present the evidence that overconsumption of n-6 PUFA coupled with under-consumption of n-3 PUFA results in LGCI and, along with the increased presence of reactive oxygen species, leads to a shift in mesenchymal stem cells (precursors for both osteoblasts and adipocytes) lineage commitment toward increased adipogenesis and suppressed osteoblastogenesis. In turn, high n-6 to n-3 PUFA ratios in the modern diet, coupled with increased synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines due to adiposity, propagate obesity and osteoporosis by increasing or maintaining LGCI.
Fatty Acid Profile and Oxidative Stress of Thigh Muscles in Chickens Fed The Ration Enriched in Lycopene, Selenium Compounds or Fish Oil
Authors: Rozbicka-Wieczorek Agnieszka Justyna , Więsyk Edyta , Brzóska Franciszek , Śliwiński Bogdan , Kowalczyk Jan , Czauderna Marian 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the addition for 6 weeks of 12 ppm lycopene (Lyc), 2% fish oil (FO) or 0.25 ppm Se as selenate (Sevi) or selenized yeast (SeY) to an isoenergetic and isonitrogenous ration containing sunflower oil as the source of energy on the profile of fatty acids (FA) and the oxidative stress in thigh muscles of female and male chickens. The ration with FO most efficiently increased the concentration of saturated fatty acids (SFA), atherogenic SFA and thrombogenic SFA as well as the concentration sum of all assayed FA in muscles of chickens. the rations with lyc, sevi or SeY revealed negligible and inconsistent impact on the concentration of individual SFA in muscles compared with the control. The ration with FO most efficiently increased the concentration of polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), especially n-3 long-chain PUFA and the sum of conjugated linoleic acid isomers in muscles. The ration with SeY most effectively increased the concentration of long-chain PUFA (LPUFA), especially n-6 LPUFA, in muscles of chickens. the Fo, lyc or sevi-fed chickens had a lower concentration of cholesterol in muscles than the control or SeY fed birds. Lyc added to the ration most efficiently stimulated the accumulation of α-tocopherol in muscles of chickens. The ration with Sevi most effectively stimulated the formation of malondialdehyde in muscles.
Evaluation of the Technological Suitability of Beef Muscles: M. Semitendinosus, M. Semimembranosus, Mm. Psoas Major And Minor as Entire Primal Cuts in the Production Of Raw Fermented Meats With Regard to the Raw Pork Products
Authors: Węsierska Ewelina 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the technological suitability of selected beef muscles: m. semitendinosus (BST), m. semimembranosus (BSM), mm. psoas major and minor (BPM) as entire primal cuts in the production of raw fermented meats, compared to the raw pork rump (RSR) and loin (RSL), widely known in the Podlasie region. The 4-week maturation was conducted by the same traditional method in a genuine ripening room, and the texture, colour and sensory parameters of the pork and beef products were compared. The lowest water activity (0.89 and 0.83), pH (5.16 and 4.75) as well as the highest WB shear force (8.50 and 19.96 kG/cm2) and TPA hardness (52.12 and 199.24 N) were found in the ready-to-eat RSL and BST, respectively. The RSR and BPM were characterized by the lowest values of WB shear force (7.63 and 9.49 kG/cm2), TPA hardness (48.17 and 105.18 N) and TPA chewiness (8.39 and 32.68 N), as well as the highest grades for overall impression (4.50 pts), cross-section colour (4.60 pts), structure (4.60 pts), tenderness (4.30 and 4.70 pts) and flavour desirability (4.60 pts) in the sensory evaluation while the RSL and BPM were the juiciest (4.60 and 4.70 pts). The a* values and chroma showed an increase in redness during the first 2 weeks of beef aging and during the entire aging period in the pork products. The most significant colour differences were found for BSM, BST and BPM products (ΔEL*a*b*=6.48, 5.27 and 4.24, respectively).
An Inversion of Rayleigh Waves Dispersion Curves as a Tool to Recognize the Bedrock Depth in Chorzów Stary, Poland
Authors: Mendecki Maciej Jan , Zuberek Wacław Marian , Hrehorowicz Przemysław , Jarek Szymon 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Identification of a bedrock beneath soft cover is one of the most important task in engineering geology. The location of boundary-overburden information may be used by investors, builders and municipal authorities to design an infrastructure or land-use plans. In such issues the application of appropriate geophysical methods is useful. However, in urban zones and areas characterized by subsurface soft layer the usage of certain methods (eg.: seismic refraction) is not advisable. The passive method of Refraction Microtremor (ReMi) can fulfill its tasks in the relatively difficult urban environment. The vertical S-wave velocity profiles were carried out as a result of inversion of Rayleigh wave dispersion curves obtained from ReMi method. The change of S-wave velocities allowed to distinguish shallow geological layers in the area of Chorzów Stary. Preliminary measurements allowed to identify the Carboniferous bedrock at a depth of 14 -18 m what has been confirmed by resistivity imaging. Furthermore, unconsolidated deposits are also recognized and the seismic results show a good correlation with the available geological information and resistivity imaging data.