bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the impact of reducing POFA’s particle fineness on its pozzolanic reactivity and mortar strength
Authors: Liew Yu Xuan , Saad Siti Asmahani , Anand N. , Tee Kong Fah , Chin Siew Choo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper presents the effect of size reduction of palm oil fuel ash (POFA) in the nanoscale to improve the mortar strength. In this work, three different particle sizes of POFA prepared using the LA abrasion machine were used as a cement replacement. The physical and chemical properties, mineralogy, and morphology of all POFA specimens were studied. The effect of size reduction on the pozzolanic reactivity of POFA is also studied. The mortar mix design that contained micro and nano POFA was prepared and evaluated for its compressive and flexural properties at the ages of 7, 28, 56, and 90 days. Response surface methodology was used to evaluate the relationship between the factors (cement replacement) and responses (compressive and flexural strength), aiming to find the best mix design. The grinding method in this work produced POFA as small as 110 nm. The nano POFAs were observed to have better pozzolanic reactivity compared to micro POFA. The results show that nano POFA increased the mortar strength activity index by up to 20% compared to micro POFA. The best mix design was found using a combination of 10 and 3% of micro and nano POFA as cement replacement. The best mix design shows excellent early compressive strength (7 days) compared to other mixes, although the difference in long-term compressive strength is insignificant. Similar findings were observed for the flexural strength, whereby the best mix design was obtained using a combination of 10 and 3% of micro and nano POFA. This work may provide useful insight into the effect of size reduction on the pozzolanic reactivity of POFA.
Accuracy of ultra-high resolution and virtual non-calcium reconstruction algorithm for stenosis evaluation with photon-counting CT: results from a dynamic phantom study
Authors: Zsarnoczay Emese , Fink Nicola , Schoepf U. Joseph , Pinos Daniel , O’Doherty Jim , Allmendinger Thomas , Hagenauer Junia , Griffith III Joseph P. , Vecsey-Nagy Milán , Maurovich-Horvat Pál , Emrich Tilman , Varga-Szemes Akos 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
We compared ultra-high resolution (UHR), standard resolution (SR), and virtual non-calcium (VNCa) reconstruction for coronary artery stenosis evaluation using photon-counting computed tomography (PC-CT).

Methods
One vessel phantom (4-mm diameter) containing solid calcified lesions with 25% and 50% stenoses inside a thorax phantom with motion simulation underwent PC-CT using UHR (0.2-mm slice thickness) and SR (0.6-mm slice thickness) at heart rates of 60 beats per minute (bpm), 80 bpm, and 100 bpm. A paired t-test or Wilcoxon test with Bonferroni correction was used.

Results
For 50% stenosis, differences in percent mean diameter stenosis between UHR and SR at 60 bpm (51.0 vs 60.3), 80 bpm (51.7 vs 59.6), and 100 bpm (53.7 vs 59.0) (p ≤ 0.011), as well as between VNCa and SR at 60 bpm (50.6 vs 60.3), 80 bpm (51.5 vs 59.6), and 100 bpm (53.7 vs 59.0) were significant (p ≤ 0.011), while differences between UHR and VNCa at all heart rates (p ≥ 0.327) were not significant. For 25% stenosis, differences between UHR and SR at 60 bpm (28.0 vs 33.7), 80 bpm (28.4 vs 34.3), and VNCa vs SR at 60 bpm (29.1 vs 33.7) were significant (p ≤ 0.015), while differences for UHR vs SR at 100 bpm (29.9 vs 34.0), as well as for VNCa vs SR at 80 bpm (30.7 vs 34.3) and 100 bpm (33.1 vs 34.0) were not significant (p ≥ 0.028).

Conclusion
Stenosis quantification accuracy with PC-CT improved using either UHR acquisition or VNCa reconstruction.

Relevance statement
PC-CT offers to scan with UHR mode and the reconstruction of VNCa images both of them could provide improved coronary stenosis quantification at increased heart rates, allowing a more accurate stenosis grading at low and high heart rates compared to SR.

Key Points

Evaluation of coronary stenosis with conventional CT is challenging at high heart rates.

PC-CT allows for scanning with ECG-gated UHR and SR modes.

UHR and VNCa images were compared in a dynamic phantom.

UHR improves stenosis quantification up to 100 bpm.

VNCa reconstruction improves stenosis evaluation up to 80 bpm.

Graphical Abstract
The application of deep learning technology in integrated circuit design
Authors: Dai Lihua , Wang Ben , Cheng Xuemin , Wang Qin , Ni Xinsen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study addresses the intricate challenge of circuit layout optimization central to integrated circuit (IC) design, where the primary goals involve attaining an optimal balance among power consumption, performance metrics, and chip area (collectively known as PPA optimization). The complexity of this task, evolving into a multidimensional problem under multiple constraints, necessitates the exploration of advanced methodologies. In response to these challenges, our research introduces deep learning technology as an innovative strategy to revolutionize circuit layout optimization. Specifically, we employ Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in developing an optimized layout strategy, a performance prediction model, and a system for fault detection and real-time monitoring. These methodologies leverage the capacity of deep learning models to learn from high-dimensional data representations and handle multiple constraints effectively. Extensive case studies and rigorous experimental validations demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed deep learning-driven approaches. The results highlight significant enhancements in optimization efficiency, with an average power consumption reduction of 120% and latency decrease by 1.5%. Furthermore, the predictive capabilities are markedly improved, evidenced by a reduction in the average absolute error for power predictions to 3%. Comparative analyses conclusively illustrate the superiority of deep learning methodologies over conventional techniques across several dimensions. Our findings underscore the potential of deep learning in achieving higher accuracy in predictions, demonstrating stronger generalization abilities, facilitating superior design quality, and ultimately enhancing user satisfaction. These advancements not only validate the applicability of deep learning in IC design optimization but also pave the way for future advancements in addressing the multidimensional challenges inherent to circuit layout optimization.
Intrathecal IgG4 synthesis in IgG4 related spinal hypertrophic pachymeningitis: a case report
Authors: Feldmann Lucia K. , von Manitius Regina , Grassmann Birgit Julia , Rösler Judith , Onken Julia , Meisel Christian , Koch Arend , Siebert Eberhard , Ruprecht Klemens , Meisel Andreas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractImmunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) related hypertrophic pachymeningitis of the spinal cord is a rare condition, characterized by infiltration of the spinal meninges with IgG4-producing plasma cells and subsequent hypertrophic fibrosis. Here, we report on a 65-year-old woman with IgG4 associated hypertrophic spinal pachymeningitis, in whom cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis was a decisive diagnostic tool. Not only could we demonstrate an intrathecal IgG4 production, but also IgG4 positive plasma cells in CSF. Following decompressive surgery, diagnosis of IgG4 associated hypertrophic pachymeningitis was confirmed histologically. Surgery and immunosuppressive therapy with rituximab were associated with clinical improvement. This case highlights CSF analyses as diagnostic tool for detection of IgG4 related hypertrophic pachymeningitis.
C-reactive protein in anhedonia among patients with major depressive disorder and its relation to suicidal ideation
Authors: Dessoki Hani H. , Soltan Mohamed R. , Ragheb Ahmed S. , Dawoud Mariam E. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
There is evidence that major depressive disorder (MDD) with its cardinal symptoms, anhedonia and suicide, are linked with raised inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein (CRP). This case–control study investigated the correlation between high sensitive CRP (Hs-CRP), anhedonia, suicidal ideation, and depression severity in MDD patients.

Methods
Forty-one MDD patients and 47 healthy controls were recruited. MDD diagnosis was confirmed using DSM-5 criteria. Depression severity, anhedonia, and suicidal ideation were assessed using standardized scales. Serum Hs-CRP levels were measured as an inflammatory marker.

Results
MDD cases had significantly greater Hs-CRP levels compared to controls. Additionally, Hs-CRP levels were positively correlated with both anhedonia and suicidal ideation in MDD cases. Depression severity was significantly linked with both anhedonia and suicidal ideation.

Conclusion
This study suggests a link between inflammation, anhedonia, suicidal ideation, and depression severity in MDD patients. Additional research is necessary to find out the principal mechanisms.
Pediatric demographic association with hospital mortality in platelets- and plasma-transfused young pediatric patients — a mixed cohort study
Authors: Sharma Sankalp , Padhi Phalguni 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Demographic and biochemical variations in newborn children as compared to adults are attributable to variable prognosis to blood transfusions. Aims of this mixed cohort study of Platelets with/without Plasma (PLT/PZ); only Plasma (PZ) transfusions in ≤ 24 months children is as follows: An Association of demography towards hospital mortality, and an association of laboratory investigations (LI) with hospital mortality.

Methods
PLT/PZ (n = 72) and PZ (n = 79) children ≤ 24 months were followed up for a total length of hospital stay (LOS(D)). We calculated the Odds Ratio (OR) of demographic, and laboratory parameters for mortality, survival studies of demographic, laboratory parameters , Kaplan Meier Survival curve, Log-Rank significance (KMLR) and Multivariable regression (r2) with outcome as death.

Results
The present study is in 2019–2022. Higher OR for hospital-based mortality for PLT/PZ and PZ cohort were age ≤ 1 m, weight ≤ 1500 g, preterm, gestational age ≤ 34 weeks, hospital length of stay {LOS(D)} 0–7 days, APGAR score ≤ 5, and Hb ≤ 7 g/dl. High OR, mortality was observed with Female gender, Length of stay before first transfusion {LOS(F)}, 0-7d, WHO Grade of bleeding (GOB) 4, PT>50 sec, INR>1·7, aPTT >75sec, PLT counts (μl) ≤25000/μl (PLT/PZ) and GOB 3, 4 (PZ). Higher OR for mortality was also observed with a lower derangement of coagulative parameters PT≤50s, INR ≤1·7, aPTT ≤75s (PZ).
Higher survival was observed for (PLT/PZ) LOS(F) 0–7 days across age (m), weight (g) (P = 0·002; < 0·01), and INR ≤ 1·7; aPTT ≤ 75 s across LOS(D) (P < 0·01,0·018); (PZ) LOS(D) ≤ 7 days across age (m) and weight (g) (P = 0·036, 0·001); and GOB across LOS(D) (PLT/PZ; PZ) (P = 0·052, 0·005). Demography (PLT/PZ) r2 = 50·36% (P = 0·021), laboratory investigations r2 = 10·44% (P = 0·47), LOS(F) (P = 0·010), LOS(D) (P = 0·003), and GOB (P = 0·03) were the predictors. Demography (PZ) r2 (P = 0·095), investigations r2 = 8·79% (P = 0·254), LOS(D) (P = 0·026), and GOB (P = 0·012) were the predictors.

Conclusions
PLT/PZ, demographic parameters, were significant cause of mortality with LOS(F), LOS(D), and GOB as predictors. PZ, demography attributed to mortality with LOS(D), and GOB as predictors. A higher OR of morality with lower derangement of laboratory profile is indicative of unnecessary transfusions in the age group. Laboratory investigations by themselves are not significant predictors of mortality.
Grain yield performance of spring maize under different agroecological zones
Authors: Thapa Sandesh , Rawal Sara 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Maize is an important cereal crop which ranks second in production after rice in Nepal with an increasing demand for livestock and poultry ration but declining in production. This experiment was conducted to screen top- and stable yielding maize hybrids in various agroecological zones of Nepal during the spring season. In this study, nine maize genotypes were evaluated across six environments in randomized complete block design with three replications. The additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) ANOVA revealed that environment, genotype, and their interaction had a substantial effect on the grain yield and all five principal components (PCs) were significantly different (P < 0.0001). AMMI stability value revealed that genotypes Rampur composite and Kanchan 101 were the most stable genotypes in all environments. The specific adaptation of genotype as explained by Which-won-where model suggest that Godavari in environment E2, Rajkumar in E4 and E5, and Bisco gold 941 in E1, E3 and E6 were the winning genotypes. Furthermore, the mean-versus-stability model revealed that genotype Kanchan 101 had above average yield with greater stability. In addition, biplot analysis revealed that 78.32% of variation is explained by PC1 and 11.41% by PC2 of the interaction effect. The genotype ranking based on revealed that genotype Kanchan 101 was close to the ideal line and Sano ghogha was at the greatest distance. Conclusively, AMMI and genotype and genotype by environment interaction (GGE) model explicates that genotype Kanchan 101 has both the high yield and stability across all agroecological zones. In future research on multi-year trial with emphasis other agronomic traits to assess the stability and priorities for the development of package of practices for maximizing the grain yield is recommended.
Assessment of potential health impact of volatile organic compounds of underground water samples around fuel station in Okinni area Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Adeyinka Gbadebo Clement , Adeleke Joshua Toyin , Afolabi Fatai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLevels and potential toxicity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were analyzed in underground water from six locations near a fuel station in Okinni, Osun State, Nigeria. Samples were collected and analyzed using standard procedures. A total number of seven VOCs were detected with varying concentrations, they were: benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, ethylbenzene, m, p-xylene, o-xylene, and dichloromethane. One-way ANOVA results showed a significant difference (p < 0.5) in VOC concentrations across locations. Most VOCs exceeded USEPA and WHO threshold values, indicating contamination likely from fuel station leachates, as suggested by the low toluene to benzene ratio (T/B < 2). Odour Hazard Index (OHI) values were below 1 in all but location 3, where m,p-xylene, and o-xylene levels were 0.921 and 1.105, respectively, implying that the water from location 3 was not safe given the odour risk assessment.. Carcinogenic risks were more significant through ingestion than dermal contact. Non-carcinogenic risk values were within safe limits except in location 3. Consequently, using the borehole water from location 3 for domestic activities could expose the people of these communities to serious health issues. Therefore, there is a need for urgent attention from the relevant authorities to safeguard the health of this populace.
Gynecomastia and Its Management In Boys With Partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome
Authors: Patjamontri Supitcha , Lucas-Herald Angela K , Bryce Jillian , van den Akker Erica , Cools Martine , Globa Evgenia , Guerra-Junior Gil , Hiort Olaf , Hofman Paul , Holterhus Paul-Martin , Hughes Ieuan A , Juul Anders , Nordenstrom Anna , Russo Gianni , Stancampiano Marianna R , Seneviratne Sumudu N , Tadokoro-Cuccaro Rieko , Thankamony Ajay , Weintrob Naomi , Zelinska Natalia , Ahmed S Faisal 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS) is a rare condition that is reported to be commonly associated with gynecomastia in males.

Objectives
To assess the management of gynecomastia in male PAIS.

Materials and Methods
Retrospective review of males with PAIS over the age of 10 years in the I-DSD registry.

Results
Of the 205 eligible cases, information was available for 57 from 13 centers. An androgen receptor gene variant was confirmed in 45 (79%) with a median age at first presentation of 1.0 year (range 0.1, 26.0). Of the 45 genetically confirmed cases, gynecomastia was present in 41 (91%) with a median age at the time of gynecomastia development of 13.5 years (11.0, 29.0). In the other 4 (9%) with no gynecomastia, the median age at last assessment was 15.7 years (10.6, 17.0). In 30 cases with information available, micropenis was present at the time of gynecomastia development in 23 (77%). Of the 35 with information available, 2 (6%) exhibited spontaneous resolution between the ages of 15 and 21 years and 25 (71%) had breast surgery at a median age of 15.7 years (14.0, 23.0). Of these 25, 9 (26%) had previously received medical therapy. The median clinician score of effectiveness for medical therapy was 3 (1, 8) compared to 10 (3, 10) for surgery (P &lt; .0001). In 31 with information available, 13 (42%) had received psychology support.

Conclusion
Gynecomastia is common in PAIS but not universal. Surgical management may be more effective than medical therapy, but there is a need for further standardized and systematic studies.
Mechanically evoked spike responses of pentascolopidial chordotonal organs of Drosophila melanogaster larvae
Authors: Warren Ben , Göpfert Martin C. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Mechanosensitive ensembles of neurons in insects, known as chordotonal organs (COs), function in proprioception, the detection of sound and substrate vibrations. Here, we characterized the mechanical sensitivity of the lateral pentascolopidial CO (lch5) of Drosophila melanogaster larvae to establish its postulated role in proprioception. We developed a physiologically realistic method to replicate proprioceptive input to lch5 by pulling the apodeme (tendon) to which the tips of the neurons attach. We found that lch5 sensory neurons respond transiently with a short latency to the velocity component of stretch displacements and the release of stretch (relaxation). In the mechanosensory mutant inactive, lch5 has a decreased response to mechanical stimuli and a lower overall spontaneous spike rate. Finally, we simulated the input that lch5 receives during crawling and observed spike rate changes of peristaltic body contraction. We provide a characterization of proprioceptive feedback in D. melanogaster larvae and firmly establish the proprioceptive function of lch5 in larval locomotion.
Quantification of cytosolic ‘free’ calcium in isolated coral cells with confocal microscopy
Authors: Venn Alexander A. , Techer Nathalie , Segonds Natacha , Tambutté Eric , Tambutté Sylvie 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Despite its prominent role as an intracellular messenger in all organisms, cytosolic free calcium ([Ca2+]i) has never been quantified in corals or cnidarians in general. Ratiometric calcium dyes and cell imaging have been key methods in successful research on [Ca2+]i in model systems, and could be applied to corals. Here, we developed a procedure to quantify [Ca2+]i in isolated cells from the model coral species Stylophora pistillata using Indo-1 and confocal microscopy. We quantified [Ca2+]i in coral cells with and without intracellular dinoflagellate symbionts, and verified our procedure on cultured mammalian cells. We then used our procedure to measure changes in [Ca2+]i in coral cells exposed to a classic inhibitor of [Ca2+]i regulation, thapsigargin, and also used it to record elevations in [Ca2+]i in coral cells undergoing apoptosis. Our procedure paves the way for future studies into intracellular calcium in corals and other cnidarians.
Social Preferences and the Informativeness of Subjective Performance Evaluations
Authors: Kusterer David J. , Sliwka Dirk 
Published: August 2024

We study biases and the informativeness of subjective performance evaluations in an online experiment, testing the implications of a standard formal framework of rational subjective evaluations. In the experiment, subjects in the role of workers perform a real effort task. Subjects in the role of supervisors observe samples of the workers’ output and assess their performance. We conduct six experimental treatments varying (i) whether workers’ pay depends on the performance evaluation, (ii) whether supervisors are paid for the accuracy of their evaluations, and (iii) the precision of the information available to supervisors. Moreover, we use the exogenous assignment of supervisors to workers to investigate the association between supervisors’ social preferences and their rating quality. In line with the model of optimal evaluations, we find that ratings are more lenient and less informative when they determine bonus payments. Rewards for accuracy reduce leniency and can enhance informativeness. When supervisors have access to more detailed performance information, their ratings vary more with the performance signal and become more informative. Contrary to expectations, we do not find that more prosocial supervisors are systematically more lenient when their ratings affect workers’ payoffs. Instead, they are more diligent in their rating behavior, resulting in more accurate and informative performance evaluations. This paper was accepted by Marie Claire Villeval, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy [Grant EXC 2126/1-390838866]. Supplemental Material: The online supplement and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.02267 .
Diffusion of the Shared Citizenship Paradigm: Strategies and Next Steps
Authors: Luckasson Ruth , Schalock Robert L. , Bradley Valerie J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe field of disabilities is being challenged to adopt a paradigm that can be used to guide the transformation of services, supports, and research practices to ensure and enhance the personal autonomy, rights, and community inclusion of people with disabilities. This article describes strategies associated with the systematic diffusion and sustainability of an innovation such as the emerging Shared Citizenship Paradigm (SCP), which has the potential to guide the transformation. The systematic diffusion process incorporates five components: knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation, and confirmation. The systematic process also addresses the risks of dissonance, backlash, unintended consequences, and backsliding that can emerge when the sustainability of a paradigm is not supported. Throughout the article, we stress that meaningful change in organizations and systems requires use of a paradigm such as the SCP and its principles and foundation pillars to guide the change, and a systematic process such as that described in this article to bring about and sustain the change.