bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HPV genotype distribution in older Danish women undergoing surgery due to cervical cancer
Authors: Hammer Anne , Mejlgaard Else , Gravitt Patti , Høgdall Estrid , Christiansen Pernille , Steiniche Torben , Blaakær Jan 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIntroductionThe prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV)16/18 in cervical cancer may decrease with age. This study aimed to describe the HPV genotype distribution in Danish women aged 55 years or older with cervical cancer.Material and methodsIn this cross‐sectional study we identified 153 cases of cervical cancer diagnosed at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (1990–2012) and Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Denmark (2007–2012). All women had surgery to treat the disease. HPV genotyping was performed on cervical cancer tissue using the INNO LiPA HPV genotyping extra (Fujirebio, Belgium) at the Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. The main outcome was to estimate the age‐specific prevalence of high‐risk HPV genotypes included in the bivalent, the quadrivalent, and the nonavalent vaccine.ResultsOf 121 cases of cervical cancer included in this study, 113 were HPV‐positive (93.4%). Although HPV16 and 18 were the most common genotypes overall, the prevalence of HPV16/18 decreased significantly from 78.1% in women aged 55–59 years to 45.5% in women aged 75 or older (p < 0.001), whereas the prevalence of other HPV types and HPV‐negative cases tended to increase with age (p = 0.1). The prevalence of HPV types included in the nonavalent vaccine was stable around 90% until the age of 75 years and then dropped to 63%.ConclusionIn the absence of waning immunity, the nonavalent HPV vaccine would be predicted to reduce cervical cancer burden in Denmark across a broader age‐range compared with the reduced type‐spectrum vaccines.
Risk Factors for Mortality and Endotracheal Intubation after Methadone Intoxication
Authors: Hassanian‐Moghaddam Hossein , Soltaninejad Kambiz , Shadnia Shahin , Kabir Ali , Movahedi Mitra , Mirafzal Amirhossein 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis was a retrospective chart review to evaluate various risk factors associated with in‐hospital mortality and intubation risk in acute methadone overdose. All patients admitted to an academic hospital in Tehran, Iran, during a 10‐year period (2000–2009) constituted the study sample. Exclusion criteria were significant comorbidities and age under 18 years. Outcome variables were in‐hospital mortality and being intubated during admission. A total of 802 patients were enrolled in the study. There were 15 (1.8%) deaths due to methadone overdose or its complications. The number of yearly admissions was 15 patients in 2000, 16 in 2001, 16 in 2002, 18 in 2003, 23 in 2004, 38 in 2005, 59 in 2006, 110 in 2007, 206 in 2008 and 301 in 2009. Based on logistic regression analysis, the most important independent variable predicting mortality was length of admission in toxicology ward [OR (95% CI): 1.6 (1.1–2.3)]. For the prediction of intubation, independent variables were Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 5–9 [OR (95% CI): 356.5 (9.8–12907.4)] in the emergency department (ED), miosis in the ED [356.9 (1.4–87872.5)] and respiratory rate in the ED [1.5 (1.1–2.1)]. Linear regression model for length of hospitalization showed patient age as the most important variable for prediction of this outcome. Despite a relatively low mortality rate, the increasing number of methadone‐poisoned patients requires special attention to this common intoxication. Careful disposition of patients from ED to ordinary wards or intensive care units and also from higher to lower levels of care should be considered in methadone overdose.
On the Restricted Mean Survival Time Curve in Survival Analysis
Authors: Zhao Lihui , Claggett Brian , Tian Lu , Uno Hajime , Pfeffer Marc A. , Solomon Scott D. , Trippa Lorenzo , Wei L. J. 
Published: August 2015

Summary
For a study with an event time as the endpoint, its survival function contains all the information regarding the temporal, stochastic profile of this outcome variable. The survival probability at a specific time point, say t, however, does not transparently capture the temporal profile of this endpoint up to t. An alternative is to use the restricted mean survival time (RMST) at time t to summarize the profile. The RMST is the mean survival time of all subjects in the study population followed up to t, and is simply the area under the survival curve up to t. The advantages of using such a quantification over the survival rate have been discussed in the setting of a fixed-time analysis. In this article, we generalize this approach by considering a curve based on the RMST over time as an alternative summary to the survival function. Inference, for instance, based on simultaneous confidence bands for a single RMST curve and also the difference between two RMST curves are proposed. The latter is informative for evaluating two groups under an equivalence or noninferiority setting, and quantifies the difference of two groups in a time scale. The proposal is illustrated with the data from two clinical trials, one from oncology and the other from cardiology.
Fast ANN for High‐Quality Collaborative Filtering
Authors: Tsai Yun‐Ta , Steinberger Markus , Pająk Dawid , Pulli Kari 
Published: August 2015

AbstractCollaborative filtering collects similar patches, jointly filters them and scatters the output back to input patches; each pixel gets a contribution from each patch that overlaps with it, allowing signal reconstruction from highly corrupted data. Exploiting self‐similarity, however, requires finding matching image patches, which is an expensive operation. We propose a GPU‐friendly approximated‐nearest‐neighbour(ANN) algorithm that produces high‐quality results for any type of collaborative filter. We evaluate our ANN search against state‐of‐the‐art ANN algorithms in several application domains. Our method is orders of magnitudes faster, yet provides similar or higher quality results than the previous work.
Practical Low‐Cost Recovery of Spectral Power Distributions
Authors: Alvarez‐Cortes Sara , Kunkel Timo , Masia Belen 
Published: August 2015

AbstractMeasuring the spectral power distribution of a light source, that is, the emission as a function of wavelength, typically requires the use of spectrophotometers or multi‐spectral cameras. Here, we propose a low‐cost system that enables the recovery of the visible light spectral signature of different types of light sources without requiring highly complex or specialized equipment and using just off‐the‐shelf, widely available components. To do this, a standard Digital Single‐Lens Reflex (DSLR) camera and a diffraction filter are used, sacrificing the spatial dimension for spectral resolution. We present here the image formation model and the calibration process necessary to recover the spectrum, including spectral calibration and amplitude recovery. We also assess the robustness of our method and perform a detailed analysis exploring the parameters influencing its accuracy. Further, we show applications of the system in image processing and rendering.
Analysis of proliferation and apoptotic induction by 20 steroid glycosides in 143B osteosarcoma cells in vitro
Authors: Delebinski C. I. , Georgi S. , Kleinsimon S. , Twardziok M. , Kopp B. , Melzig M. F. , Seifert G. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectivesOsteosarcoma is the most common type of malignant bone tumour in children and adolescents; it has poor prognosis, is highly metastatic and is resistant to current therapeutic approaches. In this study, different herbal extracts used in phytotherapy have been screened after searching innovative natural anti‐cancer components.Materials and methodsTwenty steroid glycosides were examined for accordance to their potential of inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis in the osteosarcoma cell line 143B. Cell proliferation was examined using a CASY counter. Effects of cardiac glycosides on induction of apoptosis were evaluated by Annexin V‐APC and flow cytometry, caspase activity assay and measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential.ResultsThe study revealed that various steroid glycosides suppress cell proliferation in a concentration‐dependent manner. Further investigations indicated apoptotic induction by 17 of the 20 tested cardenolides and bufadienolides. Bufadienolide proscillaridin A, arenobufagin, and cardenolides evomonoside, convallatoxol and ouabain waged strongest apoptotic induction, associated with breakdown of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspases ‐8 and ‐9. In contrast, the bufadienolide resibufogenin and cardenolide uzarin had no effect on proliferation inhibition, apoptotic induction or change in mitochondrial membrane potential.ConclusionThese results indicate that bufadienolides proscillaridin A and arenobufagin and cardenolide evomonoside, or related natural compounds might be promising new starting points for development of novel anti‐cancer agents for treatment of osteosarcoma.
Assessment of Left Atrial Mechanics in Patients with Preexcitation Syndrome Scheduled for Catheter Ablation
Authors: Karakoyun Süleyman , Tanboğa Ibrahim Halil , Gökdeniz Tayyar , Lazoğlu Zakir , Topçu Selim , Karal Hüseyin , Aksakal Enbiya , Sevimli Serdar 
Published: August 2015

ObjectivesWe aimed to test the left atrial (LA) mechanics and contraction synchrony by 2D strain imaging, in patients with Wolff–Parkinson–White (WPW) syndrome, before and after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA).MethodsStudy population consisted of 25 patients with WPW scheduled for RFCA and 30 healthy controls. The peak LA strain at the end of the ventricular systole (LAs strain) and the LA strain with LA contraction (LAa Strain) were obtained. To assess LA dyssynchrony, septal versus lateral wall time‐to‐peak strain measurements were measured.ResultsThere was no difference between the patients with WPW and control subjects with regard to peak LAs and LAa strain. Patients with WPW demonstrated higher global time‐to‐peak LAs and LAa strain values compared with the control group. Peak LAs strain and LAa strain values, measured before and after the RF ablation of the accessory pathway, were comparable (34.3 ± 3.92 vs. 34.6 ± 3.2, P = 0.816, 14.7 ± 2.8 vs. 15.3 ± 2.3, P = 0.052, respectively). Global time‐to‐peak LAs and LAa strain measurements were significantly shorter after the RFCA compared with the values obtained before the RFCA. However, septo‐lateral times to peak LA strain differences were found to be comparable in both WPW versus control and pre‐ versus postablation groups.ConclusionLA mechanical function assessed by 2D strain imaging was comparable between patients with WPW and control subjects. Patients with WPW had more prominent LA dyssynchrony during atrial pump phase as compared with the controls, a condition which could not improve after successful elimination of the accessory pathway by RFCA.
Multidimensional environmental influences on timing of breeding in a tree swallow population facing climate change
Authors: Bourret Audrey , Bélisle Marc , Pelletier Fanie , Garant Dany 
Published: August 2015

AbstractMost phenological traits are extremely sensitive to current climate change, and advances in the timing of important life‐history events have been observed in many species. In birds, phenotypic plasticity in response to temperature is thought to be the main mechanism underlying yearly adjustment in the timing of breeding. However, other factors could be important and interact to affect the levels of plastic responses between and/or within‐individuals. Here, we use long‐term individual‐based data on tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) to identify the spatial and environmental drivers affecting plasticity in laying date and to assess their importance at both population and individual levels. We found that laying date has advanced by 4.2 days over 10 years, and that it was mainly influenced by latitude and an interaction between spring temperature and breeder density. Analyses of individual plasticity showed that increases in temperature, but not in breeder density, resulted in within‐individual advances in laying date. Our results suggest that females can adjust their laying date as a function of temperature, but that this adjustment will be partly constrained in habitats with lower breeder densities. Such potential constraint is especially worrying for the broad array of species already declining as a result of climate change.
Congenital hypoplasia of the dorsal colon in aQuarterHorse filly with chronic, intermittent colic
Authors: Robinson K. A. , Manning S. T. , Barber S. M. , Wobeser B. K. , Lohmann K. L. 
Published: August 2015

SummaryCongenital colonic anomalies are rare in the horse and, to the authors' knowledge, no cases have been reported that include measurements of each segment of the large colon to confirm which section is abnormal. This case report describes chronic, intermittent colic in a Quarter Horse filly that had been attributed to chronic idiopathic hepatitis prior to an exploratory laparotomy. A colonic anomaly discovered at surgery became the primary differential for aetiology of the intermittent colic. Euthanasia of the filly and necropsy allowed further examination of the anomaly, where it was determined that the dorsal colon was short compared to the ventral large colon. In addition, the diagnosis of chronic idiopathic hepatitis was confirmed.
Choice of ICD‐10 codes for the identification of acute coronary syndrome in the French hospitalization database
Authors: Bezin Julien , Girodet Pierre‐Olivier , Rambelomanana Sahondra , Touya Maëlys , Ferreira Paul , Gilleron Véronique , Robinson Philip , Moore Nicholas , Pariente Antoine 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the ICD‐10 (International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Edition) coding in the French hospitalization database (PMSI) to identify acute coronary syndrome (ACS) occurrence. Eligible hospitalizations were those that occurred at the Bordeaux teaching hospitals between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2011 and had one of the ICD‐10 codes related to ischaemic heart diseases (I20 to I25, excluding I23 and I25.2). Among these, 100 hospitalizations were randomly selected; for each case, the ACS diagnosis was confirmed/excluded after medical file examination by an independent events validation committee and the performance of codes, and combinations of codes, to identify ACS was evaluated by calculating the positive predictive value (PPV). Of the individual codes, I20.0, I21 and I24 had the highest PPV; 100.0% for I24 (95%CI [15.8–100.0]); 90.0% for I21 (95%CI [76.3–97.2]); and 66.7% for I20.0 (95%CI [38.4–88.2]). The combination of I20.0 or I24 codes was able to identify 12 of the 56 validated ACS cases with a PPV of 70.6% (95%CI [44.0–89.7]), the combination of I21 or I24 identified 38 cases with a PPV of 90.5% (95%CI [77.4–97.3]), the combination of I20.0 or I21 identified 46 cases with a PPV of 83.6% (95%CI [71.2–92.2]), and the combination of I20.0, I21 or I24 identified 48 cases with a PPV of 84.2% (95%CI [72.1–92.5]). The combination of I20.0, I21 or I24 codes had the best performance to identify occurrence of ACS in the French hospitalization database.
Climate‐induced warming imposes a threat to north European spring ecosystems
Authors: Jyväsjärvi Jussi , Marttila Hannu , Rossi Pekka M. , Ala‐Aho Pertti , Olofsson Bo , Nisell Jakob , Backman Birgitta , Ilmonen Jari , Virtanen Risto , Paasivirta Lauri , Britschgi Ritva , Kløve Bjørn , Muotka Timo 
Published: August 2015

AbstractInterest in climate change effects on groundwater has increased dramatically during the last decade. The mechanisms of climate‐related groundwater depletion have been thoroughly reviewed, but the influence of global warming on groundwater‐dependent ecosystems (GDEs) remains poorly known. Here we report long‐term water temperature trends in 66 northern European cold‐water springs. A vast majority of the springs (82%) exhibited a significant increase in water temperature during 1968–2012. Mean spring water temperatures were closely related to regional air temperature and global radiative forcing of the corresponding year. Based on three alternative climate scenarios representing low (RCP2.6), intermediate (RCP6) and high‐emission scenarios (RCP8.5), we estimate that increase in mean spring water temperature in the region is likely to range from 0.67 °C (RCP2.6) to 5.94 °C (RCP8.5) by 2086. According to the worst‐case scenario, water temperature of these originally cold‐water ecosystems (regional mean in the late 1970s: 4.7 °C) may exceed 12 °C by the end of this century. We used bryophyte and macroinvertebrate species data from Finnish springs and spring‐fed streams to assess ecological impacts of the predicted warming. An increase in spring water temperature by several degrees will likely have substantial biodiversity impacts, causing regional extinction of native, cold‐stenothermal spring specialists, whereas species diversity of headwater generalists is likely to increase. Even a slight (by 1 °C) increase in water temperature may eliminate endemic spring species, thus altering bryophyte and macroinvertebrate assemblages of spring‐fed streams. Climate change‐induced warming of northern regions may thus alter species composition of the spring biota and cause regional homogenization of biodiversity in headwater ecosystems.
Environmental and resource burdens associated with world biofuel production out to 2050: footprint components from carbon emissions and land use to waste arisings and water consumption
Authors: Hammond Geoffrey P. , Li Bo 
Published: August 2015

AbstractEnvironmental or ‘ecological’ footprints have been widely used in recent years as indicators of resource consumption and waste absorption presented in terms of biologically productive land area [in global hectares (gha)] required per capita with prevailing technology. In contrast, ‘carbon footprints’ are the amount of carbon (or carbon dioxide equivalent) emissions for such activities in units of mass or weight (like kilograms per functional unit), but can be translated into a component of the environmental footprint (on a gha basis). The carbon and environmental footprints associated with the world production of liquid biofuels have been computed for the period 2010–2050. Estimates of future global biofuel production were adopted from the 2011 International Energy Agency (IEA) ‘technology roadmap’ for transport biofuels. This suggests that, although first generation biofuels will dominate the market up to 2020, advanced or second generation biofuels might constitute some 75% of biofuel production by 2050. The overall environmental footprint was estimated to be 0.29 billion (bn) gha in 2010 and is likely to grow to around 2.57 bn gha by 2050. It was then disaggregated into various components: bioproductive land, built land, carbon emissions, embodied energy, materials and waste, transport, and water consumption. This component‐based approach has enabled the examination of the Manufactured and Natural Capital elements of the ‘four capitals’ model of sustainability quite broadly, along with specific issues (such as the linkages associated with the so‐called energy–land–water nexus). Bioproductive land use was found to exhibit the largest footprint component (a 48% share in 2050), followed by the carbon footprint (23%), embodied energy (16%), and then the water footprint (9%). Footprint components related to built land, transport and waste arisings were all found to account for an insignificant proportion to the overall environmental footprint, together amounting to only about 2%
Testing a time hypothesis in the biogeography of the arowana genus Scleropages (Osteoglossidae)
Authors: Lavoué Sébastien 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAimTo infer the timing of the early divergence of the freshwater arowana genus Scleropages and to determine whether it was contemporary with, or post‐dated, the latest possible freshwater route between Sundaland–Indochina and Australia–New Guinea through the drifting of India, estimated at a minimum of 115.0 Ma.LocationSundaland–Indochina and Australia–New Guinea.MethodsTime‐calibrated phylogenetic reconstructions based on the mitogenome, a Bayesian method and a relaxed molecular clock, differing in how fossils were used to calibrate the clock and how the phylogenetic signal was corrected for saturation.ResultsThe phylogenetic analyses supported the monophyly of Scleropages and its sister relationship with Osteoglossum. Within Scleropages, the Sundaland–Indochina species was the sister group of the two Australian species. After filtering the phylogenetic signal, the estimated mean ages of crown‐group Scleropages and their 95% credibility intervals (CI) ranged from 79.9 Ma (CI, 93.1–67.2 Ma) to 101.4 Ma (CI, 114.7–85.5 Ma).Main conclusionsIn all reconstructions, the ‘early freshwater origin’ hypothesis is rejected, because the age CI of Scleropages do not overlap with the final separation between India and Australia–Antarctica. The palaeontological evidence often presented in support of the ‘late marine origin’ hypothesis is inconclusive because none of the marine osteoglossid fossils are exclusively related to Scleropages, and Scleropages fossils are too fragmentary to be precisely classified. Altogether, there is evidence to reject the ‘early freshwater origin’ but no evidence favouring the ‘late marine origin’. Scleropages represents an additional case of trans‐oceanically distributed freshwater/terrestrial vertebrates that started to diversify during the Late Cretaceous, after the final separation between India and Australia–Antarctica.
Reflectance confocal microscopy for plaque psoriasis therapeutic follow‐up during an anti‐TNF‐α monoclonal antibody: an observational multicenter study
Authors: Ardigò M. , Agozzino M. , Longo C. , Lallas A. , Di Lernia V. , Fabiano A. , Conti A. , Sperduti I. , Argenziano G. , Berardesca E. , Pellacani G. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic recurrent inflammatory skin disease that affects 2–3% of the world population. Biologics are relatively new systemic treatments that block molecular steps important in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.In vivoReflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non‐invasive, imaging technique already reported to be useful in the evaluation of the follow‐up ofPPunder treatment with topical actives and phototherapy. No reports on systemic treatments have been proposed in literature so far.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility ofRCMin the monitoring of microscopic response to a subcutaneous anti‐TNFtreatment, Adalimumab.MethodsOne target lesion with typical clinical aspect, from 48 psoriatic patients, was evaluated usingRCMat baseline, after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment.ResultsMicroscopic confocal changes were followed up during treatment. Results disclosed identification of early microscopic evidence of the anti‐inflammatory activity of Adalimumab not detected at clinical examination. Confocal feature related to the effect ofTNF‐α on melanocytes activity has been also identified.ConclusionEarly detectedRCMparameters related to Adalimumab activity could be used to identify an early response to the treatment.RCMseems to be able to give useful and practical information about follow‐up in patients withPPunder treatment with Adalimumab.