bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Global Ultraviolet Radiation With the Incidence of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Mirbagheri Andia , Rinkel Gabriel J. E. , Berneburg Mark , Etminan Nima 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Inflammation is a key pathomechanism for growth and rupture of intracranial aneurysms. Anti-inflammatory mechanisms may reduce rupture of intracranial aneurysms and the incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight exposure induces systemic anti-inflammatory responses through immunosuppressive mechanisms. We studied whether SAH incidence is associated with UV radiation.

METHODS:
Global SAH incidence, time trends, and regional differences from 32 countries were linked to UV radiation data from the Tropospheric Emission Monitoring Internet Service. Odds between low vs high UV exposure and SAH incidence were calculated. Correlation analysis was performed using R (R 4.1.2).

RESULTS:
SAH incidences ranged from 1.3 to 27 per 100 000 patient-years (p-y) and UV index from 1.76 to 11.27. The correlation coefficient (rho) between SAH incidence and UV index was −0.48 (P = .012). SAH incidence was highest in Japan (13.7-27.9 p-y) with an UV index 6.28. UV index was highest in Chile 11.27 with a lower SAH incidence (3.8-4.8 p-y). The lowest UV index 1.76 was seen in Iceland with higher SAH incidence (9.8 p-y).Within Europe, regions with higher UV indices reported lower SAH incidences (Northwest Europe: SAH incidence p-y 8.61/UV index 2.85; Southeast Europe: SAH incidence p-y 7.37/UV index 4.65) with a significant inverse correlation (rho = −0.68, P = .004) and not a significant correlation between non-European countries (rho = −0.43, P = .19). Low exposure of UV radiation in global regions predicted higher than median incidences of SAH with an odds ratio 5.13 (95% CIs 1.02-31.5).

CONCLUSION:
The incidence of SAH is inversely associated with UV radiation. Further studies should assess the actual UV exposure in relation to SAH incidence and potential biological explanations for the relation we found.
Distinct TORC1 signalling branches regulate Adc17 proteasome assembly chaperone expression
Authors: Williams Thomas D. , Joshua Ifeoluwapo , Soubigou Flavie , Dublanska Sylwia M. , Bergquist Rebecka , Rousseau Adrien 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
When stressed, cells need to adapt their proteome to maintain protein homeostasis. This requires increased proteasome assembly. Increased proteasome assembly is dependent on increased production of proteasome assembly chaperones. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, inhibition of the growth-promoting kinase complex TORC1 causes increased proteasome assembly chaperone translation, including that of Adc17. This is dependent upon activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Mpk1 and relocalisation of assembly chaperone mRNA to patches of dense actin. We show here that TORC1 inhibition alters cell wall properties to induce these changes by activating the cell wall integrity pathway through the Wsc1, Wsc3 and Wsc4 sensor proteins. We demonstrate that, in isolation, these signals are insufficient to drive protein expression. We identify that the TORC1-activated S6 kinase Sch9 must be inhibited as well. This work expands our knowledge on the signalling pathways that regulate proteasome assembly chaperone production.
High-speed all-in-focus 3D imaging method based on liquid lens focus scanning
Authors: Cheng Huayu , Wang Lihui , Tabata Satoshi , He Yuan , Hu Yan , Liu Jiang , Mou Zhiwei 
Published: July 2024

A large open aperture in an optical system can capture high-resolution images but yields a shallow depth of field. To overcome this issue, we propose a method for retrofitting microscopy imaging systems by using a variable-focus liquid lens to achieve 3D focus scanning. Specifically, the focal length of the imaging system was changed by controlling the liquid lens, and a sequence of images was captured at different focal planes in milliseconds. The image scale and phase were corrected. Then the in-focus pixels were abstracted by employing the Laplacian operator. These pixels were marked in the index table. According to the index table, the focused parts of multiple images were merged, and an all-in-focus image was generated. At the same time, a depth map was constructed based on the image number in the index table and the extracted depth information. Additionally, we have optimized the image processing flow; the processing speed was improved to around 6.5 fps.
Clinical features and prediction of long-term survival after surgery for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Mantas Anna , Otto Carlos Constantin , Olthof Pim B. , Heise Daniel , Hoyer Dieter Paul , Bruners Philipp , Dewulf Maxim , Lang Sven Arke , Ulmer Tom Florian , Neumann Ulf Peter , Bednarsch Jan 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThe treatment of perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) poses specific challenges not only due to its high perioperative complication rates but also due its dismal long-term prognosis with only a few long-term survivors (LTS) among the patients. Therefore, in this analysis characteristics and predictors of LTS in pCCA patients are investigated.Material and methodsIn this single center analysis, patients undergoing curative-intent liver resection for pCCA between 2010 and 2022 were categorized into long-term and short-term survivors (STS) excluding perioperative mortality. Binary logistic regression was used to determine key differences between the groups and to develop a prognostic composite variable. This composite variable was subsequently tested in the whole cohort of surgically treated pCCA patients using Cox Regression analysis for cancer-specific survival (CSS).ResultsWithin a cohort of 209 individuals, 27 patients were identified as LTS (median CSS = 125 months) and 55 patients as STS (median CSS = 16 months). Multivariable analysis identified preoperative portal vein infiltration (OR = 5.85, p = 0.018) and intraoperative packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusions (OR = 10.29, p = 0.002) as key differences between the groups. A prognostic composite variable based on these two features was created and transferred into a Cox regression model of the whole cohort. Here, the composite variable (HR = 0.35, p<0.001), lymph node metastases (HR = 2.15, p = 0.001) and postoperative complications (HR = 3.06, p<0.001) were identified as independent predictors of CSS.ConclusionLong-term survival after surgery for pCCA is possible and is strongly negatively associated with preoperative portal vein infiltration and intraoperative PRBC transfusion. As these variables are part of preoperative staging or can be modulated by intraoperative technique, the proposed prognostic composite variable can easily be transferred into clinical management to predict the oncological outcome of patients undergoing surgery for pCCA.
Norwegian moose CWD induces clinical disease and neuroinvasion in gene-targeted mice expressing cervid S138N prion protein
Authors: Arifin Maria Immaculata , Hannaoui Samia , Ng Raychal Ashlyn , Zeng Doris , Zemlyankina Irina , Ahmed-Hassan Hanaa , Schatzl Hermann M. , Kaczmarczyk Lech , Jackson Walker S. , Benestad Sylvie L. , Gilch Sabine 
Published: July 2024

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a prion disease affecting deer, elk and moose in North America and reindeer, moose and red deer in Northern Europe. Pathogenesis is driven by the accumulation of PrPSc, a pathological form of the host’s cellular prion protein (PrPC), in the brain. CWD is contagious among North American cervids and Norwegian reindeer, with prions commonly found in lymphatic tissue. In Nordic moose and red deer CWD appears exclusively in older animals, and prions are confined to the CNS and undetectable in lymphatic tissues, indicating a sporadic origin.
We aimed to determine transmissibility, neuroinvasion and lymphotropism of Nordic CWD isolates using gene-targeted mice expressing either wild-type (138SS/226QQ) or S138N (138NN/226QQ) deer PrP. When challenged with North American CWD strains, mice expressing S138N PrP did not develop clinical disease but harbored prion seeding activity in brain and spleen. Here, we infected these models intracerebrally or intraperitoneally with Norwegian moose, red deer and reindeer CWD isolates. The moose isolate was the first CWD type to cause full-blown disease in the 138NN/226QQ model in the first passage, with 100% attack rate and shortened survival times upon second passage. Furthermore, we detected prion seeding activity or PrPSc in brains and spinal cords, but not spleens, of 138NN/226QQ mice inoculated intraperitoneally with the moose isolate, providing evidence of prion neuroinvasion. We also demonstrate, for the first time, that transmissibility of the red deer CWD isolate was restricted to transgenic mice overexpressing elk PrPC (138SS/226EE), identical to the PrP primary structure of the inoculum.
Our findings highlight that susceptibility to clinical disease is determined by the conformational compatibility between prion inoculum and host PrP primary structure. Our study indicates that neuroinvasion of Norwegian moose prions can occur without, or only very limited, replication in the spleen, an unprecedented finding for CWD.
Oral administration of encapsulated catechin in chitosan‐alginate nanoparticles improves cognitive function and neurodegeneration in an aluminum chloride‐induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Mohammadbaghban Elnaz , Taravati Ali , Najafzadehvarzi Hossein , Khaleghzadeh‐Ahangar Hossein , Tohidi Fatemeh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe present study aimed to investigate the effect of catechin‐loaded Chitosan‐Alginate nanoparticles (NPs) on cognitive function in an aluminum chloride (AlCl3)‐induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The Catechin‐loaded Chitosan‐Alginate nanocarriers were synthesized through ionotropic gelation (IG) method. Physio‐chemical characterization was conducted with the Zetasizer Nano system, the scanning electron microscope, and the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The experiments were performed over 21 days on six groups of male Wistar rats. The control group, AlCl3 treated group, Catechin group, nanocarrier group, treatment group 1 (AlCl3 + Catechin), and treatment group 2 (AlCl3 + nanocarrier). A behavioral study was done by the Morris water maze (MWM) test. In addition, the level of oxidative indices and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity was determined by standard procedures at the end of the study. AlCl3 induced a significant increase in AChE activity, along with a significant decrease in the level of Catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the hippocampus. Moreover, the significant effect of AlCl3 was observed on the behavioral parameters of the MWM test. Both forms of Catechin markedly improved AChE activity, oxidative biomarkers, spatial memory, and learning. The present study indicated that the administration of Catechin‐loaded Chitosan‐Alginate NPs is a beneficial therapeutic option against behavioral and chemical alteration of AD in male Wistar rats.
Thesen zur Zukunft des wissenschaftsgeleiteten Open-Access-Publizierens – Entwicklung und Diskussion in einem partizipativen Prozess
Authors: Pampel Heinz , Bargheer Margo , Bertelmann Roland , Kaden Ben , Kindling Maxi , Schobert Dagmar , Wrzesinski Marcel 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die Diskussion über die weitere Gestaltung der Open-Access-Transformation erhielt durch die Schlussfolgerungen des Papiers „Wege des hochwertigen, transparenten, offenen, vertrauenswürdigen und fairen wissenschaftlichen Publizierens“ des Rats der Europäischen Union aus dem Mai 2023 eine neue Dynamik. Der Rat betont die Notwendigkeit von gemeinnützigen, wissenschaftsgeleiteten Open-Access-Publikationsmodellen. Als Beitrag zur Diskussion zum Thema wurden zur Satelliten-Konferenz „Wissenschaftsgeleitetes Open-Access-Publizieren“ am Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft (IBI) der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin am 26.09.2023 „Thesen zur Zukunft des wissenschaftsgeleiteten Open-Access-Publizierens“ erarbeitet. Die Veranstaltung begleitete die Open-Access-Tage 2023, die an der Freien Universität Berlin stattfanden. In diesem Aufsatz werden die Thesen vorgestellt und deren Entstehungs- und Diskussionsprozess beschrieben. Die zehn Thesen sind als Impuls für die Weiterentwicklung der Open-Access-Transformation zu verstehen.
Synthesis and characterization of antioxidant-enriched Moringa oil-based edible oleogel
Authors: Yaqoob Nazia , Rehman Saima , Shafiq Nusrat , Mohsin Muhammad , Akbar Aleena , Ibenmoussa Samir , Wondmie Gezahign Fentahun , Bin Jardan Yousef A. , Bourhia Mohammed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study aims to formulate and optimize Moringa oleifera (Moringa) oil oleogels using pectin (PC) and chitosan (CS) as gelling agents. These include monogelator oleogels, utilizing either PC or CS as a single gelling agent, and binary gelator oleogels, incorporating a combination of both PC and CS. Among the binary gelator oleogel compositions, the most stable oleogel OPCCS2 was further studied with the addition of antioxidants. The important antioxidant compounds of gallic acid equivalents (GAEs)/Moringa antioxidant extracts (MAEs) were quantified by the use of various assays. The oil-binding capacity (OBC) of the most stable oleogel MCPC1.5% was 99.94 ± 0.05. The lower peroxide value of antioxidant-rich oleogels at 1.5% concentration of GAEs (4.34 ± 0.025) and MAEs (4.32 ± 0.03) suggested its richness of phenols to retard the lipid peroxidation of oil. The opaque appearances of the formulations were studied via polarizing light microscopy. The molecular interaction study through FTIR analysis revealed the hydrogen bond interactions between the carboxyl groups of fatty acids and hydroxyl groups of polysaccharide chains. The differential scanning calorimeter analysis further confirmed the presence of strong interactions between polysaccharide chains and the oil phase. These findings indicate that the optimized oleogel formulations have the potential for imminent advances by exhibiting improved texture, biocompatibility, enhanced OBC, and stability.
Estimation of the settlement of pile head using ANN and multivariate linear regression based on the results of load transfer method
Authors: Al-Awad Khabeer , Fattah Mohammed Y. , Al-Zuheriy Ahmed Sh. J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Artificial neural networks, machine learning, and data preparation are normally implemented in a wide range of real-world problems, especially in geotechnical applications with optimistic prospects of accurate procedure outcomes. This technique has been utilized to precisely predict the top settlement of piles with various piles and soil parameters. Generally, the pile settlement is an essential requirement to produce a secure structure and has high-performance services. The current article presents the fitting of the artificial neural network (ANN) outcomes by calculating the coefficient of correlation R
2 between the predicted and the measured or calculated value of pile settlement. The ANN algorithm is developed using Python 3.9 IDLE and open-source libraries such as Keras, sklearn, Numpy, matplotlib, pandas, and Tensorflow. Because of random training and test performance, the model has been run at least ten times. The ANN model score and R
2 are compared for all runs in the testing phase. The higher score and R
2 values are chosen. Moreover, the Multivariate Linear Regression with the sklearn library is also offered in this article and utilized to produce a pile settlement formula by applying the same dataset used in ANN. The score and R
2 for choosing the first run of the ANN are 99.95% and 0.9631, respectively, while the correlation coefficient for the Multivariate Linear Regression in the training and testing phases is 0.972 and 0.919, respectively. Both techniques illustrate considerable results.
A National Disaster Medicine Quality Management Tool in an International Context – A Theoretical Study
Authors: Berthold Theresa , Zill Marcel , Alpers Birgitt , Gräsner Jan-Thorsten , Wnent Jan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The impact of disasters is changing, with disaster events becoming more complex and often affecting multiple countries simultaneously. Despite this, quality management systems have not yet been established in the field of disaster medicine. The German research project QUARZ-SAND, developed a national disaster medicine quality management system and an online registry. This theoretical study ascertains the current state of quality management in disaster medicine and compares existing initiatives to QUARZ-SAND and highlights advantages and synergies in the pooling of incident data, in view of improving resilience to national and transboundary disaster events. A systematic literature research was conducted on December 18, 2020 in the databases PubMed and LIVIVO. Existing disaster medicine quality management tools were identified and compared with QUARZ-SAND. It was determined that a lot of effort is still needed to get to an internationally accepted common standard and a tool such as a registry for evaluating medical disaster responses. A first step toward the establishment of a registry is the development of a standardized data set.
Modeling Spontaneous Volunteers in Cross-Border Crisis Scenarios
Authors: Schulte Yannic , van der Heyde Miriam , Wiens Marcus , Fiedrich Frank , Schultmann Frank 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The rise of social media has led to a new degree of spontaneous volunteering in the aftermath of disasters, even in border areas. However, spontaneous volunteering across national borders creates further obstacles that need to be addressed and prepared for. This paper introduces an agent-based simulation to examine coordination procedures of spontaneous volunteers in crisis scenarios, particularly the specifics of travel restrictions imposed after the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, research is conducted on the effects of insufficient or delayed coordination of the population’s offer of voluntary help, which reduces the motivation of volunteers and leads to missed request for help.8. The results show that coordination of spontaneous volunteers is a key factor for helping the affected population, especially in a pandemic, where the possibilities to help are limited. These results are discussed with regard to costs that need to be considered in order to establish coordination, as well as health issues and motivation of spontaneous volunteers in different coordination scenarios.
The Public-Private Divide in the Age of Identity Politics
Authors: Cohen-Eliya Moshe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article examines the impact of identity politics on the traditional liberal distinction between public and private spheres, arguing that critical theories associated with identity politics have significantly blurred these boundaries. This blurring is largely due to the portrayal of equality as a non-negotiable value by proponents of identity politics, who are prepared to limit fundamental freedoms to uphold it. Utilizing Francis Fukuyama’s distinction between “lived experience” and “shared experience,” the article proposes a reinterpretation of the anti-discrimination principle aimed at cultivating shared liberal citizenship. It scrutinizes decisions by Supreme Courts around the globe concerning the denial of wedding cake services to gay couples as a case study. These legal battles exemplify how cultural disputes are reshaping the public-private divide and highlight the need for principles that can justly reconcile freedom and equality in an era marked by intense cultural wars and deepening political division. The article suggests several principles that could assist courts in mitigating the political tensions inherent in cases fueled by cultural conflicts.
Separation Anxieties: A Comment on Weil’s Penalties for the Violation of Separation
Authors: Graber Mark A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Professor Weil’s thesis seems largely correct with respect to the United States, whose law on religious establishment I regularly teach. Funding is central to American debates over religious establishment. The fight over religious establishments in Virginia, which inspired both James Madison’s “Memorial and Remonstrance against Religious Assessments” and Thomas Jefferson’s “An Act for Establishing Religious Freedom,” was over whether persons could be forced to pay taxes to support religious instruction. Financial concerns were at the root of church-state debates in the nineteenth century, when Protestants repeatedly rebuffed Catholics who wanted funding for Catholic private schools. Many state constitutions still have what are known as mini-Blaine Amendments that forbid public funding for religious institutions. Whether proponents of a strong separation between church and state in the United States are fighting the same battles as proponents of a strong separation of church and state in France is nevertheless problematic. The French revolutionaries had to subordinate a reactionary church. The American revolutionaries merely had to negotiate peace treaties among the different sects that supported the Declaration of Independence. Separation of church and state in the United States is best conceptualized as a division of labor among liberal institutions rather than a means for purging anti-liberal religion from the liberal public sphere.
On the 𝓐-generators of the polynomial algebra as a module over the Steenrod algebra, I
Authors: Tin Nguyen Khac , Dung Phan Phuong , Ly Hoang Nguyen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Let 𝓟
n
:= H
*((ℝP
∞)
n
) ≅ ℤ2[x
1, x
2, …, x

n
] be the graded polynomial algebra over ℤ2, where ℤ2 denotes the prime field of two elements. We investigate the Peterson hit problem for the polynomial algebra 𝓟
n
, viewed as a graded left module over the mod-2 Steenrod algebra, 𝓐. For n > 4, this problem is still unsolved, even in the case of n = 5 with the help of computers. In this article, we study the hit problem for the case n = 6 in the generic degree dr
= 6(2
r
− 1) + 4.2
r
with r an arbitrary non-negative integer. By considering ℤ2 as a trivial 𝓐-module, then the hit problem is equivalent to the problem of finding a basis of ℤ2-vector space ℤ2 ⊗𝓐𝓟
n
. The main goal of the current article is to explicitly determine an admissible monomial basis of the ℤ2 vector space ℤ2 ⊗𝓐𝓟6 in some degrees. As an application, the behavior of the sixth Singer algebraic transfer in the degree 6(2
r
− 1) + 4.2
r
is also discussed at the end of this paper.
A bivariate distribution with generalized exponential conditionals
Authors: Popović Božidar V. , Genç Ali İ. , Ristić Miroslav M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this work, we construct a new bivariate statistical distribution by the conditionally specified model approach. The conditional distributions follow the well-known generalized exponential distribution which includes the ordinary exponential distribution and is more flexible than gamma and Weibull in some ways. The newly defined distribution has four parameters that increase the flexibility of the model in data fitting. By equating the dependence parameter to zero, the marginal distributions become independent generalized exponential distributions. The new bivariate distribution depends on the classical exponential integral function which is not difficult to evaluate numerically. The basic properties of the distribution such as distribution functions, moments and stress-strength reliability are derived. The parameters are estimated by the method of maximum likelihood. Two real data fitting applications prove its usefulness in case of negatively correlated bivariate data modelling.