bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension and associated factors among rheumatic heart disease patients having follow up at public referral hospitals in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, 2023.
Authors: Gedefaw Asmamaw , Yabebal Yihealem , Wudie Gebeyaw , Tefera Abiyot , Kassa Agerye , Demilew Tadele 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
In developing countries evidences regarding pulmonary hypertension in rheumatic heart disease patients are lacking, despite being responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. As a result, identifying the factors that influence pulmonary hypertension is crucial to improve the quality of care.
Objective
To determine prevalence of pulmonary hypertension and its associated factors among rheumatic heart disease patients at the public hospitals of Bahir Dar city, 2023.
Methods
An institution based cross sectional study was conducted among Rheumatic heart disease patients who had follow up at the two public hospitals of Bahir Dar city form January 2022 to December 2023. It involved 310 patients selected by systematic random sampling technique. Pretested, structured, and interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic and diseases related parameters. Trans thoracic echocardiography by cardiologist was used to assess pulmonary hypertension. Data were entered using Epidata Manager version 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 27. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify determinants of glycemic control, considering with a p-value of < 0.05 as statically significant, with a 95% confidence interval.
Results
The mean sPAP of the participants were 50.2 mmHg [SD ± 25.0mmHg]. The prevalence of pulmonary hypertension among RHD patients were 56.5% (95% CI 50.9–61.9) from which 51.4% had severe pulmonary hypertension. Severe mitral valve stenosis (AOR 7.8, 95% CI 2.4–25.7), duration of illness ≥ 3 years (AOR 7.7, 95% CI 2.1–28.5), diuretics use (AOR 5.6, 95% CI 2.2–14.3,), valvular intervention (AOR 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 0.29) and LVEF ≥ 50% (AOR 0.14, 95% CI 0.02–0.81) were factors associated with pulmonary hypertension.
Conclusions
This study revealed more than half of the participants had pulmonary hypertension. And this was associated with having sever mitral valve stenosis, long duration of illness, diuretics use, valvular intervention and LVEF of ≥ 50%. Effective and tailored interventions are needed to mitigate these risk factors to improve pulmonary hypertension related comorbidities in rheumatic heart disease patients.
Effects of Planting Date and Genotypes on Potato Growth and Yield Determination in a Sub-Tropical Continental Growing Environment
Authors: Khan Muhammad Sohail , Hoogenboom Gerrit , Gillani Syeda Mehwish , Shah Alam Syed , Khan Ilham 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Potato tuber yield-determining seasonal changes, especially in subtropical growing settings, are poorly investigated. This study examined eleven potato genotypes ‘G’ under four planting dates ‘P’ (very early (02 Oct), early (14 Oct), late (26 Oct), and very late (07 Nov)) and their interactive response (P×G) on potato growth and tuber yield in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan over two years (2017-18 and 2018-19). Early planting improved most yield-determining traits over late planting, extending the growing period (PMD) and maximizing green canopy cover (CG, 72.3%), mother stems plant-1 (MSN, 4.1), leaf number plant-1 (LN, 50.8), leaf area plant-1 (LAP, 5343 cm2), cumulative photosynthetic active radiation (PARINTC, 900.9 MJ m-2), thermal days (TDC, 52.9 td), and tubers plant-1 (TN, 11.8), marketable tuber weight (TWM, 103.0 g), marketable (TYM, 30.7 t ha-1), and total (TYT, 32.9 t ha-1) tuber yield. Late plantings reduced PMD and thus these traits. Considerable genotypic variation was found in plant phenology, growth, and tuber yield traits, however, genotype ranking also varied by planting date, indicating strong P×G interactions. The genotype ‘Arizona’ outperformed others with maximum TYM (29.2 t ha-1) and TYT (30.4 t ha-1) across planting dates. We identified key traits including days to emergence (ED), CG, PARINTC, and TDC, which are vital indicators of yield potential and important for breeding and selection. Our findings highlight the complexity of yield formation in potatoes and suggest tailored genotype selection and planting strategies to enhance yield stability and resilience, which are crucial for adapting to climate change and meeting food demand.
LLM-KGMQA: Large Language Model-Augmented Multi-Hop Question-Answering System based on Knowledge Graph in Medical Field
Authors: Wang FeiLong , Shi Donghui , Aguilar Jose , Cui Xinyi , Jiang Jinsong , Shen Longjian , Li Mengya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In response to the problems of poor performance of large language models in specific domains, limited research on knowledge graphs and question-answering systems incorporating large language models, this paper proposed a multi-hop question-answering system framework based on a knowledge graph in the medical field, which was fully augmented by large language models (LLM-KGMQA). The method primarily addressed the problems of entity linking and multi-hop knowledge path reasoning. To address the entity linking problem, an entity fast-linking algorithm was proposed, which categorized entities based on multiple attributes. Then, it used user mentions to obtain the target attribute set of attributes and further narrowed the entity search scope through attribute intersection operations. Finally, for entities that remained too numerous after the intersection, the method suggested using a pre-trained model for similarity calculation and ranking, and to determine the final entity through construction instructions. Regarding multi-hop knowledge path reasoning, the paper proposed a three-step reasoning framework that included an n-hop subgraph construction algorithm, a knowledge fusion algorithm, and a semantics-based knowledge pruning algorithm. In the entity fast-linking experiments, the maximum computational complexity was reduced by 99.9% through intersection operations. Additionally, a new evaluation metric, top@n, was introduced. When using the Roberta model for similarity calculations, the top@n score reached a maximum of 96.4, and the entity fast-linking accuracy was 96.6%. In multi-hop knowledge path reasoning, the paper first validated the need for knowledge fusion by constructing three different forms of instructions. Subsequently, experiments were conducted with several large language models, concluded that the GLM4 model showed the best performance in Chinese semantic reasoning. The accuracy rates for GLM4 after pruning were 99.9%, 83.3%, and 86.6% for 1-hop, 2-hop, and 3-hop, respectively, compared to 95.0%, 6.6%, and 5.0% before pruning. The average response time was reduced by 1.36s, 6.21s and 27.07s after pruning compared to before pruning.
A Novel Three-Dimensional Analysis Method for Accurate Evaluation of Cutaneous Small Sensory Nerve Fibers in Mice
Authors: Kojima Minori Inanaga , Matsuura Tetsuro , Ozaki Kiyokazu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The evaluation of intraepidermal nerve fiber (IENF) density is commonly used to diagnose peripheral neuropathy. However, conventional two-dimensional (2D) analysis methods using rodent models show high interstudy variability. Three-dimensional (3D) IENF analysis has been proposed for human skin biopsies because the spatial location of each nerve is easily determined. However, to date, no studies have compared 2D and 3D analysis of mouse cutaneous nerve fibers under the same conditions. This study aimed to establish a more accurate analysis method for mouse cutaneous nerve fibers, addressing the limitations of 2D analysis. Using tissue transparency, nerve fiber-specific antibodies, confocal microscopy, and 3D analysis software (IMARIS), we analyzed the 3D structure of IENFs in mice. In the 2D analysis, the IENF density was not accurately determined due to the inability to ascertain the continuity of the nerve from dermis to epidermis. In contrast, the 3D analysis clearly defined branching points and continuity, allowing for the accurate measurement of IENF density. As a result, the actual IENF density from the 3D analysis was significantly less than that indicated by the 2D analysis. This 3D approach enables the precise capture of IENF trajectories with various parameters, establishing a standard method for evaluating peripheral neuropathy models.
DSP-free coherent receivers in frequency-synchronous optical networks for next-generation datacenter interconnects
Authors: Liu Lei , Liu Feng , Peng Cheng , Xu Bo , Shieh William 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Propelled by the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), cloud services and data center applications, next-generation low-power, local-oscillator-less, and DSP-free short-reach coherent optical communication has evolved into an increasingly prominent area of research in recent years. Here, we demonstrate DSP-free coherent optical transmission by analog signal processing in frequency synchronous optical networks (FSON) architecture, which supports polarization multiplexing and higher-order modulation formats. The FSON architecture allows that the numerous laser sources of optical transceivers within a data center can be quasi-synchronized by means of a tree-distributed homology architecture. In conjunction with our proposed novel pilot-tone assisted Costas Loop for an analog coherent receiver, we achieve a record dual-polarization 224-Gb/s 16-QAM 5-km mismatch transmission with reset-free carrier phase recovery in the optical domain. Our proposed DSP-free analog coherent detection system based on the FSON makes it a promising solution for next-generation low-power, high-capacity coherent data center interconnects (DCI).
Decoding the effect of fibroblast heterogeneity on prognosis and drug resistance in high-grade serous ovarian cancer through tumor evolution analysis
Authors: wang tingjie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Tumor heterogeneity is associated with poor prognosis and drug resistance, leading to therapeutic failure. Here, we used tumor evolution analysis to determine the intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and analyze the correlation between tumor heterogeneity and prognosis, as well as chemotherapy response, through single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analysis. We collected and curated 28 HGSOC patients’ single-cell transcriptomic data from five datasets. Then, we developed a novel text-mining-based machine-learning approach to deconstruct the evolutionary patterns of tumor cell functions. We then identified key tumor-related genes within different evolutionary branches, characterized the microenvironmental cell compositions that various functional tumor cells depend on, and analyzed the intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity as well as the tumor microenvironments. These analyses were conducted in relation to the prognosis and chemotherapy response in HGSOC patients. We validated our findings in two spatial and seven bulk transcriptomic datasets (total: 1,030 patients). Using transcriptomic clusters as proxies for functional clonality, we identified a significant increase in tumor cell state heterogeneity that was strongly correlated with patient prognosis and treatment response. Furthermore, increased intra- and intertumoral functional clonality was associated with the characteristics of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). The spatial proximity between CXCL12-positive CAFs and tumor cells, mediated through the CXCL12/CXCR4 interaction, was highly positively correlated with poor prognosis and chemotherapy resistance in HGSOC. In this study, we constructed a panel of 24 genes through statistical modeling that correlate with CXCL12-positive fibroblasts and can predict both prognosis and the response to chemotherapy in HGSOC patients.
Huge single bladder stone: A case report from Leku general hospital, Sidama, Ethiopia
Authors: Kibret Asfaw , Asres Muluken , Sime Bizuneh , Adisu Derbe 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Urinary tract calculi are common but huge bladder stones weighing more than 100gm are the rarest occurrences. This is a case of huge bladder stone in 22yrs old adult who presented with acute urinary retension who had repeated urinary tract infection but used to take oral antibiotics from his nearby health centers. Otherwise he has no predisposing infra vesical obstructive causes. 800gm single stne removed by oprn cystolithotomy and few reported cases available from Ethiopia.
Discovering methylation markers and development of a sense-antisense and dual-MGB probe PCR assay in plasma for colorectal cancer early detection
Authors: Zhao Yanteng , Wang Zhijie , Yu Qiuning , Liu Xin , Liu Xue , Dong Shuling , Lv Xianping , Zhang Tiao , Zhou Dihan , Yang Qiankun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) using plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylation is more challenging than stool testing due to the low abundance of cfDNA. Therefore, the development of signal amplification assays based on appropriate markers is essential to increase sensitivity.
Methods: A total of 17 existing 450K microarray datasets including tissue, healthy white blood cell (WBC) and plasma cfDNA data from public databases were used to identify differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) common to CRC and adenoma. The methylation status of candidate DMCs was confirmed by Sanger sequencing with CRC and normal tissues. A sense-antisense and dual MGB probe (SADMP) assay was then developed. Subsequently, the biomarkers were validated in 712 plasma samples using the SADMP method.
Results: A total of 2237 DMCs showed overlap between the cancer vs. normal and adenoma vs. normal groups. Of these, 75 were hypomethylated in 30 other non-CRC cancers. After LASSO regression, this number was reduced to eight. Two of these, NTMT1 and MAP3K14-AS1, were identified as promising candidate markers following WBC validation and primer/probe design evaluation. The SADMP technology demonstrated the ability to amplify the detection signal to approximately twice the original level. Overall, the dual-target SADMP assay demonstrated a sensitivity of 84.8% for CRC (stage I: 75.0%), a sensitivity of 32.0% for advanced adenomas (AA), and a specificity of 91.5% in controls.
Conclusions: The dual-target assay demonstrated high performance for CRC and AA detection in plasma-based tests, suggesting that it may serve as a promising noninvasive tool for CRC detection.
Multiscale Deep Learning Convolutional Neural Network for ADHD Detection using EEG
Authors: Sanchis Javier , Kechadi Tahar , Teruel Miguel A. , Trujillo Juan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the mostcommon neuro-developmental disorders diagnosed in childhood. The medical diagnosis of ADHDtypically involves extensive time-consuming interviews and tests. Electroencephalography (EEG) is amethodology to record brain activity. In recent years, several Machine Learning (ML) models havebeen developed for diagnosing ADHD using EEG data. However, they are unreliable for two reasons: 1)Performing manual pre-processing and feature selection are error-prone, and 2) training and testingthe model using the same subjects is defective. The main goal of this study is to develop a morerobust and reliable learning model for detecting ADHD.
Methods: To achieve this objective, we developed an effective Deep-Learning MultiscaleConvolutional Neural Network called EEG-MSCNet. We used a Leave-One-Out subject-cross-validation approach validation to obtain more reliable results.
Results: Our EEG-MSCNet model achieved an accuracy of 88.42%, surpassing the previous state-of-the-art models, including EEGNet with an accuracy of 83%. It features robust, automatic feature extraction directly from raw EEG signals. To support transparency and reproducibility, we have made the source code, databases, and logs publicly available, facilitating validation and further research.
Conclusion: The proposed model achieved the best f1-score and accuracy compared withstate-of-the-art DL models. Second, an automatic end-to-end classification process could beperformed using our proposal. Consequently, it can be applied on an outpatient basis, allowingphysicians to follow their patients more closely and, as a result, speed up their treatment time.
Banking Stability in the Context of the ESG Model at World Level
Authors: Arnone Massimo , Laureti Lucio , Costantiello Alberto , Anobile Fabio , Leogrande Angelo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study examines the integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors into global banking practices and their impact on financial stability, measured by the Bank to Capital Asset Ratio. Through a comprehensive literature review and data analysis, the paper highlights the dual role of banks as catalysts for ESG investment and risk managers. It discusses the challenges and opportunities in transitioning to ESG-aligned business models, emphasizing the importance of regulatory frameworks and risk management approaches. The findings suggest that ESG integration enhances bank stability and competitiveness, contributing to sustainable economic development. The paper concludes with policy implications and recommendations for further integration of ESG factors into banking governance.
Tweede kustlijn voor Nederland?
Authors: Butijn Dick , Pauli Henne 
Published: August 2024

“Wanneer bij eb het strand woest is als een woestijn, en natte westenwinden gieren van venijn, dan vecht mijn land, mijn vlakke land.” Deze onvergetelijke tekst van Jacques Brel staat kustbewoners in Nederland en Vlaanderen in het geheugen gegrift als zij zich afvragen wat de beste verdediging is tegen de onafwendbare stijging van de Noordzeespiegel.
Zeeuwse kust zoekt balans
Authors: Korteweg Maris Diana 
Published: August 2024

Toerisme en de Zeeuwse Noordzeekust zijn onlosmakelijk verbonden. Jaarlijks worden miljoenen vakanties en dagjes uit in Zeeland doorgebracht. Dit heeft veel impact op de Zeeuwse leefomgeving en samenleving, zowel positief als negatief. Hoe kan toerisme aan de kust in balans worden gebracht?
Experiences of Using a Digital Guidance and Assessment Tool (the Technology-Optimized Practice Process in Nursing Application) During Clinical Practice in a Nursing Home: Focus Group Study Among Nursing Students
Authors: Johnsen Hege Mari , Nes Andréa Aparecida Gonçalves , Haddeland Kristine 
Published: August 2024

Background
Nursing students’ learning during clinical practice is largely influenced by the quality of the guidance they receive from their nurse preceptors. Students that have attended placement in nursing home settings have called for more time with nurse preceptors and an opportunity for more help from the nurses for reflection and developing critical thinking skills. To strengthen students’ guidance and assessment and enhance students’ learning in the practice setting, it has also been recommended to improve the collaboration between faculties and nurse preceptors.

Objective
This study explores first-year nursing students’ experiences of using the Technology-Optimized Practice Process in Nursing (TOPP-N) application in 4 nursing homes in Norway. TOPP-N was developed to support guidance and assessment in clinical practice in nursing education.

Methods
Four focus groups were conducted with 19 nursing students from 2 university campuses in Norway. The data collection and directed content analysis were based on DeLone and McLean’s information system success model.

Results
Some participants had difficulties learning to use the TOPP-N tool, particularly those who had not attended the 1-hour digital course. Furthermore, participants remarked that the content of the TOPP-N guidance module could be better adjusted to the current clinical placement, level of education, and individual achievements to be more usable. Despite this, most participants liked the TOPP-N application’s concept. Using the TOPP-N mobile app for guidance and assessment was found to be very flexible. The frequency and ways of using the application varied among the participants. Most participants perceived that the use of TOPP-N facilitated awareness of learning objectives and enabled continuous reflection and feedback from nurse preceptors. However, the findings indicate that the TOPP-N application’s perceived usefulness was highly dependent on the preparedness and use of the app among nurse preceptors (or absence thereof).

Conclusions
This study offers information about critical success factors perceived by nursing students related to the use of the TOPP-N application. To develop similar learning management systems that are usable and efficient, developers should focus on personalizing the content, clarifying procedures for use, and enhancing the training and motivation of users, that is, students, nurse preceptors, and educators.
Manajemen Syok Hipovolemia pada Pasien Fraktur Patologis Neck-Femur Suspek Metastasis dengan Hemiarthroplasty: Studi Kasus
Authors: Retnaningsih Retnaningsih , Triyanto Arifin , Subekti Tri 
Published: August 2024

Background: Hemiarthroplasty in a pathological neck-femur fracture of suspected Metastatic Bone Disease (MBD) case, increases the risk of intraoperative bleeding and hypovolemic shock. Case studies related to this phenomenon are scarce.Objective: Describe the management of hypovolemic shock in pathological neck-femur fracture patient with MBD suspect which was followed by hemiarthroplasty action.Case Report: A 59-year-old woman experienced bleeding of 1,000-1,300 cc during surgery, causing shock with low blood pressure, tachycardia, and cold acral. Management of hypovolemic shock during surgery included fluid resuscitation, administration of vasopressors, blood transfusion, and administration of tranexamic acid.Outcome: Hypovolemic shock management course of action was include hemodynamic and coagulation management, with the collaboration of a team of nurses and doctors. The role of instrument, circular, and anesthesia nurses was crucial to maintain patient stability during surgery. After being given management intervention hypovolemic shock, the patient's response to resuscitation therapy was in a fast category so that the shock was quickly resolved and the operation could be continued until completion.Conclusion: Monitoring and rapid treatment of shock in pathological neck-femur fracture patient with MBD suspect which is followed by hemiarthroplasty action, including intraoperative bleeding, can prevent morbidity and mortality.INTISARILatar belakang:Hemiarthroplasty pada fraktur patologis neck-femur suspek Metastatic Bone Disease (MBD) meningkatkan risiko perdarahan intraoperatif dan syok hipovolemia. Studi kasus terkait hal ini masih jarang ditemukan. Tujuan: Mendeskripsikan tata laksana manajemen syok hipovolemia pada pasien fraktur patologis neck-femur suspek mengalami MBD untuk kemudian mendapatkan tindakan hemiarthroplasty.Laporan kasus: Wanita 59 tahun mengalami perdarahan 1.000-1.300 cc selama operasi, menyebabkan syok dengan tekanan darah rendah, takikardi, dan akral dingin. Manajemen syok hipovolemia selama operasi, meliputi resusitasi cairan, pemberian vasopressor, transfusi darah, dan pemberian asam traneksamat.Hasil:Tindakan manajemen syok hipovolemia meliputi manajemen hemodinamik dan koagulasi, dengan kolaborasi tim perawat dan dokter. Peran perawat instrumen, sirkuler, dan anestesi penting untuk menjaga stabilitas pasien selama operasi. Setelah diberikan intervensi manajemen syok hipovolemia, respons pasien terhadap terapi resusitasi termasuk katagori cepat, sehingga syok segera teratasi dan operasi dapat dilanjutkan sampai selesai.Simpulan:Monitoring dan penanganan syok secara cepat pada pasien fraktur patologis neck-femur yang dilakukan tindakan hemiarthroplasty dengan perdarahan intraoperatif dapat mencegah morbiditas dan mortalitas.