bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SOFC Thermal Transients: Modeling by Application of Experimental System Identification Techniques
Authors: Barelli L. , Cinti G. , Desideri U. , Ottaviano A. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractSolid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is one of the most promising technologies for future power generation. In order to make this technology marketable, many issues as cost reduction, durability, and operational management have to be overcome. Therefore, the understanding of thermodynamic and electrochemical mechanisms, that govern the SOFC behavior in steady‐state and in transient operation, becomes fundamental. In this context, the modeling of fuel cell (FC) thermal transient is of great interest because it can predict the temperature time variation, useful to the dimensioning of auxiliary devices and to avoid unwanted operational states affecting cell durability.In the present study, a 0‐D model of SOFC thermal transients was developed by applying system identification techniques, starting from experimental tests carried out on a stack made up of four single cells. Moreover, it was successfully validated in reference to further experimental data.The model allows to evaluate, in term of dynamic response, the effect of the main operating parameters on FC temperature. As further result, some control/regulation considerations useful to limit thermal stresses were proposed.
Spiritual struggle and affective symptoms among geriatric mood disordered patients
Authors: Rosmarin David H. , Malloy Mary C. , Forester Brent P. 
Published: December 2013

ObjectivesWe explored relationships between general religiousness, positive religious coping, negative religious coping (spiritual struggle), and affective symptoms among geriatric mood disordered outpatients, in the northeastern USA.MethodsWe assessed for general religiousness (religious affiliation, belief in God, and private and public religious activity) and positive/negative religious coping, alongside interview and self‐report measures of affective functioning in a diagnostically heterogeneous sample of n = 34 geriatric mood disordered outpatients (n = 16 bipolar and n = 18 major depressive) at a psychiatric hospital in eastern Massachusetts.ResultsExcept for a modest correlation between private prayer and lower Geriatric Depression Scale scores, general religious factors (belief in God, public religious activity, and religious affiliation) as well as positive religious coping were unrelated to affective symptoms after correcting for multiple comparisons and controlling for significant covariates. However, a large effect of spiritual struggle was observed on greater symptom levels (up to 19.4% shared variance). Further, mean levels of spiritual struggle and its observed effects on symptoms were equivalent irrespective of religious affiliation, belief, and private and public religious activity.ConclusionsPreviously observed effects of general religiousness on (less) depression among geriatric mood disordered patients may be less pronounced in less religious areas of the USA. However, spiritual struggle appears to be a common and important risk factor for depressive symptoms, regardless of patients' general level of religiousness. Further research on spiritual struggle is warranted among geriatric mood disordered patients. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ageing and trajectories of depressive symptoms in community‐dwelling men and women
Authors: Montagnier Delphine , Dartigues Jean‐François , Rouillon Frédéric , Pérès Karine , Falissard Bruno , Onen Fannie 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate age‐related patterns of depressive symptoms in older men and women and to identify their determinants.MethodsThe Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale was used to prospectively assess depressive symptoms in 1059 men and 1531 women, enrolled in a French representative population‐based cohort (PAQUID study) and followed over a period of 20 years. Using a group‐based trajectory method with an accelerated longitudinal design, we modelled the course of depressive symptoms between 65 and 104 years of age and examined associations between trajectory patterns and baseline socio‐demographic and health variables.ResultsIn men, we identified three rising trajectories: ‘never depressed’ including 65% of the sample, ‘emerging depression’ (28%) and ‘increasing depression’ (7%). Compared with the membership of the never‐depressed trajectory, that of the two higher trajectories was significantly associated with a history of depression and dyspnoea. In women, we identified two slightly rising trajectories (never depressed, 56%, and ‘rising subclinical’, 33%) and one stable high trajectory (‘persistent depression’, 11%). Membership of the two higher trajectories was significantly associated with the use of benzodiazepine, polymedication and dyspnoea. A history of nondepressive psychiatric disorder was a risk factor for membership of the persistent‐depression group, whereas being widowed seemed to be a protective factor for membership of this group.ConclusionHigh‐risk groups for later‐life depression should be targeted differently in older men and women in order to implement appropriate interventions to prevent chronicity and disability. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography assessment of sensory gating in schizophrenia
Authors: Bak Nikolaj , Rostrup Egill , Larsson Henrik B.W. , Glenthøj Birte Y. , Oranje Bob 
Published: December 2013

AbstractSchizophrenia is frequently accompanied by deficits in basic information processing, such as sensory gating. The sources behind deficient sensory gating in schizophrenia patients are, however, still largely unclear. The aim of the current study was to identify the brain structures involved in deficient sensory gating in schizophrenia patients. Twenty healthy male volunteers and 23 male schizophrenia patients were initially assessed in a somatosensory P50 suppression paradigm using concurrent electroencephalography (EEG)/functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methodology. The trials consisted of single stimuli or pairs of identical stimuli with either 500 ms or 1,000 ms interstimulus intervals. Not all subjects showed a P50 waveform as a result of the somatosensory stimuli: It was detected in 13 schizophrenia patients and 15 control subjects. Significant P50 suppression was found in the 500 ms trials in controls only. Region of interest analyses were performed for a priori chosen regions. Significant negative correlations between P50 ratios and the BOLD response were found bilaterally in the hippocampus, thalamus, anterior and posterior superior temporal gyrus (STG), and in the left inferior frontal gyrus pars opercularis. However, significant group differences were found in the hippocampus and the thalamus only. This is the first study in which P50 suppression was assessed in schizophrenia patients with concurrent fMRI/EEG methodology. The data support that the STG, thalamus, inferior frontal gyrus, and the hippocampus are involved in P50 suppression. However, of these structures only the hippocampus and thalamus appeared involved in the altered sensory processing found in schizophrenia. Hum Brain Mapp 35:3578–3587, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Different Role of cAMP Pathway on the Human Mast Cells HMC‐1560 and HMC‐1560,816 Activation
Authors: Barreiro‐Costa Olalla , Tobío Araceli , Alfonso Amparo , Botana Luis M. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTHMC‐1 are inflammatory cells that release vasoactive substances such as histamine. These cells have the c‐kit receptor permanently activated in the membrane due to mutations in the proto‐oncogene c‐kit: Val‐560 → Gly and Asp‐816 → Val. Thus, there are two known cellular lines: HMC‐1560 and HMC‐1560,816. These mutations are involved in a disease called mastocitosys. In the present paper both lines were used to study the influence of cAMP/PKA/PDEs pathway on the histamine release and Ca2+ signaling since this pathway is often involved in these process. For this, the cells were preincubated with cAMP/PKA/PDEs modulators such as dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP), forskolin, H89, rolipram, IBMX, or imidazole and then stimulated with ionomycin. When cells were stimulated with agents that increase cAMP levels, the histamine release was not modified in HMC‐1560 but decreased in HMC‐1560,816 cells. The same happened when PKA was blocked. Furthermore, PDEs role on histamine release was independent of cAMP in HMC‐1560 cells and possibly also in HMC‐1560,816 cells. By contrast, the modulation of PKA and PDEs together changed the response in both cellular lines, therefore a relationship between them was suggested. All these modulatory effects on histamine release are Ca2+‐independent. On the other hand, the effect of c‐kit modulation on the cAMP/PKA/PDEs pathway was also checked. This receptor was blocked with STI571 (imatinib) and BMS‐354825 (dasatinib), but only the last one caused a decrease in the cellular response to ionomycin. This article demonstrates for the first time than the cAMP/PKA/PDEs pathway is involved in the activation of HMC‐1560 and HMC‐1560,816 cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 896–909, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anhedonia and Pain Avoidance in the Suicidal Mind: Behavioral Evidence for Motivational Manifestations of Suicidal Ideation in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Xie Weizhen , Li Huanhuan , Luo Xinwei , Fu Rong , Ying Xiangyu , Wang Ning , Yin Qifeng , Zou Yingmin , Cui Yanyan , Wang Xiang , Shi Chuan 
Published: December 2013

ObjectivesPsychological pain may be helpful in conceptualizing suicidal behavior, in that high motivation to avoid pain combined with painful feelings may contribute to an increased risk of suicide. However, no experimental study has tested this hypothesis. The aim of the present study is to provide empirical evidence for the relationship between anhedonia, pain avoidance motivation, and suicidal ideation.MethodThe sample comprised 40 depressed outpatients and 20 healthy control subjects. All participants completed the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSS), Beck Depression Inventory, Psychache Scale, Three‐Dimensional Psychological Pain Scale, the monetary incentive delay (MID), and affective incentive delay (AID) tasks. Based on BSS scores, clinical participants were divided into high suicidal ideation (HSI) and low suicidal ideation (LSI) groups.ResultsIn the AID task, the HSI group had longer response times (RTs) under the reward condition than those under the punishment condition (p = .002). The LSI and control groups had shorter RTs under the reward condition compared with those under the neural condition (p <.001 and p = .008, respectively). The LSI group also had shorter RTs under the reward condition than under the punishment condition (p = .003). Pain arousal (r = −.33, p <.01) and BSS scores were significantly negatively correlated with differences in RTs between neutral and reward conditions. Pain avoidance (r = .35, p <.01) and BSS scores were positively correlated with differences in RTs between neutral and punishment conditions.ConclusionsThe AID task was more sensitive than the MID task for the detection of participants’ motivation in approaching hedonic experiences and avoiding pain. A suicidal mindset is manifested as decreased motivation to experience hedonia and increased motivation to avoid pain, which could be strong predictors of suicidal behavior.
Searching for grey literature for systematic reviews: challenges and benefits
Authors: Mahood Quenby , Van Eerd Dwayne , Irvin Emma 
Published: December 2013

There is ongoing interest in including grey literature in systematic reviews. Including grey literature can broaden the scope to more relevant studies, thereby providing a more complete view of available evidence. Searching for grey literature can be challenging despite greater access through the Internet, search engines and online bibliographic databases. There are a number of publications that list sources for finding grey literature in systematic reviews. However, there is scant information about how searches for grey literature are executed and how it is included in the review process. This level of detail is important to ensure that reviews follow explicit methodology to be systematic, transparent and reproducible.The purpose of this paper is to provide a detailed account of one systematic review team's experience in searching for grey literature and including it throughout the review. We provide a brief overview of grey literature before describing our search and review approach. We also discuss the benefits and challenges of including grey literature in our systematic review, as well as the strengths and limitations to our approach. Detailed information about incorporating grey literature in reviews is important in advancing methodology as review teams adapt and build upon the approaches described. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Omega‐3 fatty acids and sickle cell disease: Intriguing association and promising therapeutic effect
Authors: Daak Ahmed A , Ghebremeskel Kebreab 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe therapeutic effects of omega‐3 fatty acids on inflammatory disorders and cardiovascular diseases are well known. The current consensus considers sickle cell disease (SCD) as a chronic inflammatory state with significant membrane fatty acids perturbation. This new paradigm toward the pathophysiology of the disease paved the way for novel anti‐inflammatory and anti‐aggregatory therapeutic agents. The clinical trials which investigated the role of omega‐3 fatty acid in (SCD) showed good evidence that omega‐3 fatty acids are safe and effective treatment.
Crystallization of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) in Blends with Poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐methacrylic acid) Copolymers
Authors: Landis Forrest A. , March Stephen R. , Deivasagayam Dakshinamoorthy , Mathers Robert T. 
Published: December 2013

A series of poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐methacrylic acid) (PMMA‐co‐MAA) random copolymers ranging in MAA content from 0–15 mol% is synthesized and blended with poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). Using infrared spectroscopy, it is observed that the absorption bands attributed to hydrogen‐bonded carbonyl groups increase in intensity as the amount of MAA in the copolymer increases. In DSC analysis, the crystallization temperature of the PVDF in the blend initially decreases by ca. 12 °C with MAA contents ranging from 0 to 5.5 mol%; however, a PVDF blend with a 15 mol% MAA copolymer has a crystallization temperature that is only ca. 3 °C below that of pure PVDF. Similarly, spherulitic growth rate analysis initially shows a decrease in radial growth rate for PVDF in blends with PMMA‐co‐MAA copolymers containing less than 5.5 mol% MAA. At higher MAA copolymer contents, the spherulitic growth rate approaches that of pure PVDF. It is concluded that the presence of the MAA comono­mer in the PMMA‐co‐MAA copolymer initially (<5.5 mol% MAA) increases the intermolecular interactions between the copoly­mer and the PVDF. However, as the MAA content of the copolymer rises above 5.5 mol%, intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions within the PMMA‐co‐MAA copolymer cause the copoly­mer to be less compatible with PVDF.
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Fractional integration operators of variable order: continuity and compactness properties
Authors: Lifshits Mikhail , Linde Werner 
Published: December 2013

Let be a Lebesgue‐almost everywhere positive function. We consider the Riemann‐Liouville operator of variable order defined by

urn:x-wiley:dummy:mana201200337:equation:mana201200337-math-0002as an operator from to . Our first aim is to study its continuity properties. For example, we show that is always bounded (continuous) in provided that . Surprisingly, this becomes false for . In order to be bounded in L1[0, 1], the function has to satisfy some additional assumptions.In the second, central part of this paper we investigate compactness properties of . We characterize functions for which is a compact operator and for certain classes of functions we provide order‐optimal bounds for the dyadic entropy numbers .
One‐Pot Synthesis of Molecular Bottle‐Brush Functionalized Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Superior Dispersibility in Water
Authors: Deng Yong , Hu Qin , Yuan Qiulin , Wu Yan , Ling Ying , Tang Haoyu 
Published: December 2013

Molecular bottle‐brush functionalized single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with superior dispersibility in water are prepared by a one‐pot synthetic methodology. Elongating the main‐chain and side‐chain length of molecular bottle‐brushes can further increase SWCNT dispersibility. They show significant enhancement of SWCNT dispersibility up to four times higher than those of linear molecular functionalized SWCNTs.
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Combination of ATRA and ATRC for the Synthesis of Periodic Vinyl Copolymers
Authors: Wang Chun‐Hao , Song Zi‐Yuan , Deng Xin‐Xing , Zhang Li‐Jing , Du Fu‐Sheng , Li Zi‐Chen 
Published: December 2013

A new approach to periodic vinyl copolymers via combination of atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) and atom transfer radical coupling (ATRC) is reported. The two examples are methyl methacrylate (MMA) and styrene (St) periodic copolymer (P(SMMS)) and acrylonitrile (AN) and St periodic copolymer (P(SAAS)). First, two monomer sequence units (MSU) with built‐in sequence, SMMS and SAAS, are synthesized through the controlled ATRA of two ATRP initiators with St. Then, the ATRC of SMMS and SAAS are conducted at high radical conditions to generate two types of high‐molecular‐weight copolymers, P(SMMS) and P(SAAS). Though side reactions can not be totally avoided, characterizations of the polymer structure with a variety of means confirm that the main chain structures of P(SMMS) and (PSAAS) are predominantly with the periodic sequences from the MSUs. Attempts to suppress the side reactions are successful via the MNP‐mediated ATRC of SMMS and SAAS.
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Self‐Assembled Microspheres Driven by Dipole‐Dipole Interactions: UCST‐Type Transition in Water
Authors: Morimoto Nobuyuki , Muramatsu Kanna , Wazawa Tetsuichi , Inoue Yuichi , Suzuki Makoto 
Published: December 2013

A double hydrophilic block copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol)‐poly(3‐dimethyl (methacryloyloxyethyl) ammonium propane sulfonate) (PEG‐SB), is synthesized by reversible addition‐fragmentation transfer (RAFT) polymerization using PEG methyl ether (4‐cyano‐4‐pentanoate dodecyl trithiocarbonate) as a chain transfer agent. PEG‐SB forms multi‐layered microspheres with dipole‐dipole interactions of the SB side chains as the driving force. The PEG‐SB polymers show an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) and the UCST is controllable by the polymerization degree. The PEG‐SB microspheres are dissociated above the UCST and then monodispersed microspheres (∼1 μm) are obtained when the solution temperature is decreased below the UCST again. The disassociation/association of the microspheres is also controllable using the concentration of NaCl. These multi‐responsive microspheres could be a powerful tool in the field of nano‐biotechnology.
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Tight association between macrophages and adipocytes in obesity: Implications for adipocyte preparation
Authors: Ebke Lindsey A. , Nestor‐Kalinoski Andrea L. , Slotterbeck Brandon D. , Al‐Dieri Ali G. , Ghosh‐Lester Sumona , Russo Lucia , Najjar Sonia M. , von Grafenstein Hermann , McInerney Marcia F. 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveTo determine the cellular architecture of the inflammatory infiltrate in adipose tissue from obese mice, and identify the source of inflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue at a single cell level.MethodsAdipose tissue from diet‐induced obese mice was digested by collagenase treatment and fractionated by density centrifugation to obtain an adipocyte floating layer and a pellet of stromal vascular cells. The cellular architecture of the adipocyte‐macrophage interaction in both intact white adipose tissue (WAT) and the separated density gradient floating layer fraction was analyzed by confocal immunohistochemistry. Cytokine expression was detected by semi‐quantitative real time PCR and immunohistochemical analysis.ResultsThree dimensional image analysis of WAT and the separated “adipocyte” floating layer revealed lipid‐engorged macrophages, macrophages in contact with lipid droplets and sheath‐like assemblies of macrophages surrounding adipocytes. The macrophages immunostained for TNFα and to a lesser extent for the immunoregulatory cytokine IL‐10. TNFα staining was associated only with macrophages indicating that macrophages and not adipocytes are the source of TNFα expression in the adipocyte floating layer.ConclusionMacrophages form assemblies that tightly adhere to and cover adipocytes and lipid droplets. TNFα found in low density adipocyte preparations is due to contamination with macrophages.
Ectopic fat in youth: The contribution of hepatic and pancreatic fat to metabolic disturbances
Authors: Cohen Michal , Syme Catriona , Deforest Meghan , Wells Greg , Detzler Garry , Cheng Hai‐Ling , McCrindle Brian , Hanley Anthony , Hamilton Jill 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveTo study the relationships between parameters of glucose and insulin metabolism and visceral and abdominal ectopic fat in youth.MethodsA cross sectional study of 50 children (24 females), 8‐18 years old. Anthropometrics, body composition, blood‐work and visceral and ectopic fat by magnetic resonance imaging were assessed. Insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and beta cell function were calculated from an oral glucose tolerance test.ResultsBMI z‐scores ranged between −1.3 and 4.5. The hepatic fat fraction (HFF) ranged between 0 and 36% and pancreatic fat fraction (PFF) between 0 and 14%. Visceral fat, HFF and PFF were associated with clinical and biochemical metabolic abnormalities, and correlated with markers of insulin sensitivity (r = −0.60, P < 0.01; r = −0.64, P < 0.01; r = −0.48, P < 0.01, respectively) insulin secretion (r = 0.55, P < 0.01; r = 0.57, P < 0.01; r = 0.41, P < 0.01, respectively), and beta cell function (r = −0.49, P < 0.01; r = −0.59, P < 0.01; r = −0.39, P < 0.01, respectively).ConclusionsAccumulations of pancreatic and hepatic fat have complementary clinical consequences in youth. While visceral and hepatic fat demonstrated a dominant effect, even relatively small degrees of pancreatic fat deposition may contribute to metabolic alterations.
Combinatorial study of NaF addition in CIGSe films for high efficiency solar cells
Authors: Eid Jessica , Liang Haifan , Gereige Issam , Lee Sang , Duren Jeroen Van 
Published: December 2013

AbstractWe report on a sodium fluoride (NaF) thickness variation study for the H2Se batch furnace selenization of sputtered Cu(In,Ga) films in a wide range of Cu(In,Ga) film compositions to form Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGSe) films and solar cells. Literature review indicates lack of consensus on the mechanisms involved in Na altering CIGSe film properties. In this work, for sputtered and batch‐selenized CIGSe, NaF addition results in reduced gallium content and an increase in grain size for the top portion of the CIGSe film, as observed by scanning electron microscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry. The addition of up to 20 nm of NaF resulted in an improvement in all relevant device parameters: open‐circuit voltage, short‐circuit current, and fill factor. The best results were found for 15 nm NaF addition, resulting in solar cells with 16.0% active‐area efficiency (without anti‐reflective coating) at open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 674 mV. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.