bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Globalisation of Aggression at Schools: Ethical and Moral Issues
Authors: Gluchmanová Marta 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Socio-cultural changes (in families, society and culture) are frequently negatively reflected in the minds and actions of young people influenced by the media as part of the globalization of society. We often remark upon the growth in aggressiveness, violence and intolerance among young people both in school and outside school. We often consider these to be the symptoms of the moral crisis in our society.
Psychometric Properties of Subjective Assessment of Quality of Life Questionnaire on Sample of Seniors: A Pilot Study
Authors: Kačmárová Monika 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The aim of the study was to verify the psychometric properties and the suitability of the Subjective Assessment of Quality of Life questionnaire (SAQL; Džuka, 2014) for use with seniors. The participants were 141 Slovak respondents aged 60-75 (M = 67.44, SD = 4.6). The values of the internal consistency of the subscales of the questionnaire representing four significant domains of quality of life- physical, cognitive, psychosocial and environmental-suggest the instrument has good reliability (α = .79 - .86). Construct validity was demonstrated on the basis of moderately strong to strong correlations between SAQL domains and domains with similar content in the generic instrument, WHOQOL-BREF (WHOQOL Group, 1998), and also a separate module-measuring the spiritual domain of quality of life (SDQL). The multi-factor ANOVA results demonstrated that the score obtained for the different scales is not dependent on the gender, marital status and education of the seniors although an exception was a physical domain, in which a significant effect of education was detected. This can be considered to support the discriminatory validity of the test methodology. The SAQL questionnaire can be considered an appropriate generic instrument for measuring subjective assessment of quality of life in the early senior age group.
Self-Esteem, Extraversion, Neuroticism and Health As Predictors of Quality of Life
Authors: Mikulášková Gabriela , Babinčák Peter 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The study verified self-esteem, extraversion, neuroticism and health as predictors of subjectively-assessed quality of life. The sample included 109 adolescents (69 healthy adolescents and 40 adolescents with upper respiratory tract disease). The research tools used were WHOQOL-BREF (WHO, 1998), Rosenberg´s self-esteem scale (Rosenberg, 1965) and NEO-FFI personality questionnaire (Hřebíčková et al., 2002). The results were processed using the multiple linear regression analysis stepwise method. Health was not found to be a predictor of subjectively-assessed quality of life in the research sample. Self-esteem was found to be a predictor of psychological (48% of variance) and environmental (25% of variance) quality of life. Neuroticism was confirmed as a predictor only for physical quality of life (8% of variance). Extraversion was established as a universal predictor for all the aspects of quality of life measured: physical (20% of variance), psychological (8% of variance) and environmental (10% of variance).
Adopting Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives in Constructing A Multilingual’S Identity
Authors: Bilá Magdaléna , Kačmárová Alena , Vaňková Ingrida 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The cultural phenomenon of globalization has led to bilingualism and/or multilingualism (at least from a socio-pragmatic point of view). This brought to the attention of professionals the issue of the transformation of an identity from monolingual to multilingual. Due to the individual and at the same time social nature of the setting in which a man interacts, the study of the issue of personal identity has to be crossdisciplinary. We claim that in the course of this transformation the language-culture-identity interrelationship is vital and a multidisciplinary approach including (social) psychological, anthropological, philosophical, and discursive perspectives has to be undertaken. The paper approaches the issue of a multilingual’s identity through the prism of the four perspectives and in doing so offers justification for the above claim.
Structured Analysis of Critical Decision Method Data – Emergency Medicine Case Study
Authors: Harenčárová Hana 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The critical decision method is a semi-structured retrospective interview used mainly in researching professional decision making within the naturalistic decision making paradigm. There are currently, two main methods of performing analysis: ETA - Emergent Themes Analysis and the structured approach (Wong, 2004). The structured approach consists of five steps: 1. decision chart, 2. incident summary, 3. decision analysis tables, 4. identification of items of interest and 5. collation and comparison of common items of interest across incidents. Naturalistic decision making can be time-consuming, involve high stakes, poorly-structured problems, uncertain dynamic environments and ill-defined or competing goals. For this reason we will demonstrate how to the structured approach to perform an analysis using the example of a decision making situation in emergency medicine.
Dialogical and Critical Nature of Philosophical Counselling
Authors: Šulavíková Blanka 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The article looks at critical thinking in philosophical counselling and the concepts upon which it is based. In conceptions that place critical thinking as the basis of philosophical counselling, an important role is played by the Socratic approach to philosophising. The Socratic method in thinking allocates a fundamental role to conversation, and thus to intersubjectivity, and is therefore an alternative to individual ways of thinking. Conversation as philosophical reflection corresponds to the Socratic intersubjective understanding of truth. The author adopts the view of German philosopher H. Schnädelbach who distinguishes between dialogic and doctrinal approaches. The dialogic approach is found in the Socratic-Platonic tradition, while the doctrinal approach is found in Aristotelean approaches. Doctrinal philosophising is premised in the ideal of intersubjectivity which can be achieved by anyone (subjective thought is internalised subjectivity). Philosophical thought as reflection is always implicitly dialogic at the very least. The article considers definitions of critical thinking and provides examples of critical thinking based philosophical counselling from the thinking of Tim LeBon and Elliot D. Cohen, which link both philosophical and psychological approaches. In conclusion it is critical of an excessive focus on rationality in counselling.
Perceptions of the Maltese Public towards Local Marine Protected Areas
Authors: Mifsud Mark , Verret Marielle 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The marine environment represents a central component of Maltaís local environment, and its ecosystem services play a vital role in supporting the economy as well as human well-being. Plans have been made to protect the unique ecology found within Maltese waters through the institution of five marine protected areas (MPAs). This quantitative study assessed the environmental knowledge and attitudes of the Maltese public towards the local marine environment, MPAs and education for sustainable development (ESD). A questionnaire was administered to members of the public (n = 200) at three different locations. The study found that although the Maltese public strongly appreciates the beauty of Maltaís marine environment, the level of knowledge surrounding the marine environment is low. Furthermore, the research indicates that while the public agrees that the marine environment should be protected, there is a notable lack of awareness of the five local MPAs. Based on the research findings, a model linking ESD to MPAs and aiming to foster a sense of ownership among the public by encouraging their involvement in the management of local MPAs is proposed.
Environmental Education in Pre-Service Teacher Training: A Literature Review of Existing Evidence
Authors: Álvarez-García Olaya , Sureda-Negre Jaume , Comas-Forgas Rubén 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The importance of pre-service teacher training regarding environmental education (EE) has been vastly demonstrated. This systematic review examined the existing evidence from studies evaluating and analysing the relationship between EE, including environmental competences and pre-service primary school teacher training. The literature review performed included 24 documents (22 peer reviewed journal articles and two doctoral theses). The strategy followed consisted in locating documents by a reliable search strategy; establishing the criteria for the selection of documents to analyse from the documents located and rigorously analysing the documents selected based on clear and precise criteria and dimensions. In general terms, the literature review analysis has emphasised the lack of environmental competences amongst pre-service teacher students and the gaps in the teacher training curriculums regarding EE. The overall scarcity of research in this area, jointly with certain gaps and methodological limitations, affirms the need for strengthening the evidence base.
Vitrinite equivalent reflectance of Silurian black shales from the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland
Authors: Smolarek Justyna , Marynowski Leszek , Spunda Karol , Trela Wiesław 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
A number of independent methods have been used to measure the thermal maturity of Silurian rocks from the Holy Cross Mountains in Poland. Black shales are characterized by diverse TOC values varying from 0.24-7.85%. Having calculated vitrinite equivalent reflectance using three different formulas, we propose that the most applicable values for the Silurian rocks are those based on Schmidt et al. (2015) equation. Based on this formula, the values range from % 0.71 VReqvVLR (the vitrinite equivalent reflectance of the vitrinite-like macerals) to % 1.96 VReqvVLR. Alternative, complementary methods including Rock Eval pyrolysis and parameters based on organic compounds (CPI, Pr/n-C17, Ph/n-C18, MPI1, and MDR) from extracts did not prove adequate as universal thermal maturity indicators. We have confirmed previous suggestions that Llandovery shales are the most likely Silurian source rocks for the generation of hydrocarbons in the HCM.
Petrogenesis of kyanite-quartz segregations in mica schists of the Western Tatra Mountains (Slovakia)
Authors: Pyka Paulina , Gawęda Aleksandra , Szopa Krzysztof , Müller Axel , Sikorska Magdalena 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
In the Tatra Mountains (Slovakia) metamorphic complex, kyanite-quartz segregations with biotite-rich selvage occur in mylonitized mica schists. In this paper, the problem of fluid flow and aluminium mobility during the uplift of the crystalline massif, and the position of the segregations in the history of Western Tatra metamorphic complex, is adressed. The reaction Alm + Rt ➔ Ilm + Ky + Qtz is considered to be the result of a pressure drop from above to below 9 kbar. Ti-in-biotite geothermometry shows the temperature range to be 579-639°C that is related to heating and decompression associated with granite intrusion. Major-element mass-balance calculations show that Al remained stable in the selvage + segregation system whereas other elements (e.g. Cr, HFSE) were mobilized. The kyanite-quartz segregations formed from local fluids generated during dehydration of the metapelitic rocks during uplift. The main mechanism was likely diffusion-driven mass-transfer into extension-related cracks.
Crystal structure of di(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methane-thione, C9H16N2S
Authors: Lulama April , Betz Richard 
Published: October 2015

AbstractC9H16N2S, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 9.1580(4) Å, b = 11.8157(4) Å, c = 18.0202(8) Å, V = 1949.9 Å3, Z = 8, Rgt(F) = 0.0293, wRref(F2) = 0.0838, T = 200 K.
Vitamin B2-sensitized degradation of the multifunctional drug Evernyl, in the presence of visible light – microbiological implications
Authors: Gambetta Carolina , Massad Walter A. , Nesci Andrea V. , García Norman A. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Taking into consideration the importance of the photooxidative effects in complex bio- environments, this paper reports on the visible-light-promoted interactions between Evernyl (methyl 2, 4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate, Ev) and vitamin B2 (riboflavin, Rf). Ev is a phenolic derivative, transparent to visible light, that possesses important antimicrobial activity. This compound is the first known natural, complete and specific human androgen receptor antagonist. Ev is profusely employed in personal-care products and synthesized as a secondary metabolite by several lichen and plant species. In both sceneries, acting Ev as a cosmetic component for topic applications or as a lichen constituent, may Rf behave as a native visible-light absorber pigment. In this context, kinetic and mechanistic aspects of the Rf-sensitized photooxidation of Ev, has been studied in aqueous solution, irradiating with blue LED light (463–471 nm) and employing stationary and time resolved methods. Results indicate that Ev reacts with the photogenerated reactive oxygen species (ROS) singlet molecular oxygen with a rate constant of k
r=1.1±0.2×106 M−1s−1. In parallel Ev also quenches the electronically excited singlet and triplet excited states of Rf with rate constants close to the difussion limit. As a result the ROS superoxide radical anion and hydrogen peroxide are generated and the latter subsequently reacts with Ev. Possible implications of these photoreactions on the antimicrobial activity of Ev have been investigated employing a Candida albicans (CA) strain, isolated from human skin infection. The simultaneous presence of Rf, Ev in a sub-MIC, and blue-light irradiation produced a significant antimycotic effect, attributed to ROS photogeneration.
Impact of Oat-Based Products on Human Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Staka Aiga , Bodnieks Edgars , Puķītis Aldis 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Oat is rich in valuable nutrients. In comparison to other cereals, oat contains more total proteins, carbohydrate, fat, non-starch fibre, as well as unique antioxidants (one of them - avenanthramides), vitamins, and minerals. One of the most often studied components of oats is β-glucan - a type of soluble dietary fibre located throughout the starch endosperm, but with highest concentration in the bran. Many studies have shown the beneficial health effects of oat β-glucan as a soluble dietary fibre. Until now, most of the studies on this nutrient have been conducted in the cardiovascular and diabetology field. This article aimed to review the literature on studies that investigated the effects of oat-based products on human gastrointestinal tract - gastrointestinal microflora, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease as well as prevention/treatment of colorectal cancer. A literature search was conducted using PubMed database. More than 80 potential articles were identified, which were selected afterwards according to aims of our study. Studies done on human were preferred. A long-term dietary intake of oat-based products improves human intestinal microflora, could have benefits in irritable bowel syndrome, and probable effects were seen in patients with ulcerative colitis, but this remains to be proven. There are few studies regarding prevention/treatment of colorectal cancer and they do not show clear benefit nor provide recommendations.
Protein, Amino Acid and Gluten Content in Oat (Avena Sativa L.) Grown in Latvia
Authors: Vilmane Laila , Zute Sanita , Straumīte Evita , Galoburda Ruta 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The rising attention globally on the use of oats and the beneficial effect of oat compounds in nutrition has also increased interest in oat production in Latvia. The aim of this study was to evaluate protein, amino acid and gluten content in husked and hulless oat grains grown in organic and conventional farming systems. Two hulless oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes - the breeding line '33793' and the variety 'Stendes Emilija' and one husked oat variety 'Lizete' from the State Stende Cereal Breeding Institute - were cultivated in 2013 under conventional farming methods using three nitrogen (N) application rates (80, 120, and 160 kg·ha-1) and under organic farming. Protein content was determined by Kjeldahl method, amino acid composition by high-performance liquid chromatography method using Waters AccQ Tag, and gluten content by Sandwich R5 ELISA. The results showed that oat genotype had significant effect p < 0.001) on protein and gluten content, as well as on amino acid composition. The applied amount of fertiliser did not have significant effect on the studied quality parameters, but the growing system did (p < 0.001). Higher content of protein was observed in hulless oat samples, compared to that in husked oat samples. There was also a significant difference (p = 0.01) in the total amount of amino acids between husked and hulless oat samples. In hulless oat variety 'Stendes Emilija' and hulless breeding line '33793' the content of gluten was similar and two times higher than in the husked oat variety 'Lizete'. Further breeding work is necessary to obtain oats with a lower content of gluten-like proteins.
Clinical impact of post-progression survival on overall survival in patients with limited-stage disease small cell lung cancer after first-line chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Kasahara Norimitsu , Imai Hisao , Kaira Kyoichi , Mori Keita , Wakuda Kazushige , Ono Akira , Taira Tetsuhiko , Kenmotsu Hirotsugu , Harada Hideyuki , Naito Tateaki , Murakami Haruyasu , Endo Masahiro , Nakajima Takashi , Yamada Masanobu , Takahashi Toshiaki 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Background. The effects of first-line chemoradiotherapy on overall survival (OS) may be confounded by subsequent lines of therapy in patients with limited-stage disease small cell lung cancer (LD-SCLC). Therefore, we aimed to determine the relationships between progression-free survival (PFS), post-progression survival (PPS) and OS after first-line chemoradiotherapy in LD-SCLC patients.

Patients and methods. We retrospectively analyzed 71 LD-SCLC patients with performance status (PS) 0-2 who received first-line chemoradiotherapy and had disease recurrence between September 2002 and March 2013 at Shizuoka Cancer Center (Shizuoka, Japan). We determined the correlation between PFS and OS and between PPS and OS at the individual level. In addition, we performed univariate and multivariate analyses to identify significant prognostic factors of PPS.

Results. OS is more strongly correlated with PPS (Spearman’s r = 0.86, R
2 = 0.72, p < 0.05) than PFS (Spearman’s r = 0.46, R
2 = 0.38, p < 0.05). In addition, the response to second-line treatments, the presence of distant metastases at recurrence and the number of additional regimens after first-line chemoradiotherapy were significant independent prognostic factors for PPS.

Conclusions. PPS has more impact on OS than PFS in recurrent LD-SCLC patients with good PS at beginning of the treatment. Moreover, treatments administered after first-line chemoradiotherapy may affect their OS. However, larger multicenter studies are needed to validate these findings.
An Attempt To Exemplify The Economic Principles In Real Property Valuation
Authors: Kucharska-Stasiak Ewa , Źróbek Sabina 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The economic theory argues that the value of assets, including the value of real property, is influenced by many factors which determine the behavior of operators engaged in market transactions. The knowledge of basic principles and assumptions which underpin the development of value is essential to understanding the methods and procedures of valuation. The thesis, upon which the authors of this article based their theoretical and practical considerations, is formulated as follows: “The knowledge of economic principles of valuation improves the accuracy of valuation and allows for more appropriate interpretation of its results”. Therefore, these factors should be taken into account by appraisers estimating the value of property. Over a dozen so-called key principles of valuation have been formulated in literature. Among them are the principles of anticipation, change, substitution, supply and demand, competition, balance, highest and best use, conformity, and externalities. It is assumed that the most important principle in the valuation of property is the principle of anticipation. Some of the principles are relevant to all the traditional approaches to determining value, while others apply only to selected approaches e.g., the principle of opportunity cost, which is mainly used in valuations using the income approach. The thesis is supported by research results and an analysis of practical examples.
Tenant Participation In Social Housing Stock Management
Authors: Suszyńska Katarzyna 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present the concept, classification and significance of the involvement of tenants in the processes of managing council flats. Tenant participation is becoming an increasingly popular subject of research owing to numerous benefits in the field of social housing stock management, such as better adjustment of property managers’ services to tenants’ needs and preferences, or an increase in the efficiency and economics of management. However, the mobilization of tenants will be successful only if they can participate in the decision-making process in a relatively high degree. Our discussion focuses on social housing stock in Poland.
Scenario Analysis In The Calculation Of Investment Efficiency–The Problem Of Formulating Assumptions
Authors: Dittmann Iwona 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This article concerns the problem of formulating assumptions in scenario analysis for investments which consist of the renting out of an apartment. The article attempts to indicate the foundations for the formulation of assumptions on the basis of observed retrospective regularities. It includes theoretical considerations regarding scenario design, as well as the results of studies on the formulation, in the past, of quantities which determined or were likely to bring closer estimate the value of the individual explanatory variables for a chosen measure of investment profitability (MIRRFCFE). The dynamics of and correlation between the variables were studied. The research was based on quarterly data from local residential real estate markets in Poland (in the six largest cities) in the years 2006 – 2014, as well as on data from the financial market.
Search For Dissimilarity Factors For Nominally Indiscernible Facilities
Authors: Zyga Jacek 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The similarity between premises, statutorily defined as the comparability of the compiled objects, is, in practice, identified by the statement of identity or the proximity of evaluation of the selected features describing the complied objects. Independent of the nature of these features (qualitative or quantitative), as well as of the method of identifying the proximity of their prices, the quest process for similar premises ends in the compilation of these premises into a group, which continues to remain inconsistent to some extent. The inevitable heterogeneity of the prices of premises summarized in this way leads to the suspicion that other features which had not been taken into account during the current stages of analysis exist. The identification of these features can significantly improve the quality of the valuation process based on the selected premises.
The presented article discusses a method of identifying the plausible number of indiscernible factors influencing the differentiation of unitary prices in an analyzed set of premises, in the event when the collected information on these premises does not provide sufficient knowledge on the reasons behind such a differentiation. The result of the performed research can, in practice, be applied to program the procedures for the data search, and hence reduce the costs related to the acquisition of information on the premises (e.g. from the real estate market).