bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-screw osteosynthesis is biomechanically superior to single-screw osteosynthesis for type II odontoid fractures
Authors: Roch Paul Jonathan , Salge Elisa , Cabrera Miguel Angel Bravo , Klockner Friederike Sophie , Meier Marc-Pascal , Jäckle Katharina , Lehmann Wolfgang , Weiser Lukas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe data on the use of a one- or two-screw technique (1S, 2S) for ventral osteosynthesis of type II dens fractures are contradictory. The aim was to design an apparatus to mimic the physiological conditions and test stability with 1S, 2S, and a headless compression screw (HCS) for osteosynthesis of artificially created type II odontoid fractures. The apparatus was mounted on a Zwick materials testing machine. A total of 18 C1–2 specimens were stratified into three groups (1S, 2S, HCS). Odontoid fractures were artificially created, and osteosynthesis was performed. Each specimen was tested at loads increasing from 1 to 40 N. Screw loosening was observed visually, by fatigue data, and by a camera tracking system. Analysis of the Zwick data and the camera data revealed a significant higher stability after 2S compared to 1S and HCS treatment (Zwick data: p = 0.021, camera data: p < 0.001), while visible screw loosening showed a superiority of the 2S only over HCS (p = 0.038). The developed apparatus allowed the dynamic study of the atlantoaxial joint with a high approximation to physiological conditions. The results demonstrated superiority of the 2S over the 1S and HCS in biomechanical stability in the treatment of type II odontoid fractures.
Magnetoelectric effect in multiferroic nickelate perovskite YNiO3
Authors: Ortiz Hernández Nazaret , Skoropata Elizabeth , Ueda Hiroki , Burian Max , Alonso José Antonio , Staub Urs 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe interaction of magnetic order and spontaneous polarization is a fundamental coupling with the prospect for the control of electronic properties and magnetism. The connection among magnetic order, charge localization and associated metal-insulator transition (MIT) are cornerstones for materials control. Materials that combine both effects are therefore of great interest for testing models that claim the occurrence of spontaneous polarization from magnetic and charge order. One class of materials proposed to combine these functionalities is the family of RNiO3 (R: Lanthanide or Yttrium), whose members show a clear MIT and an antiferromagnetic ground state and for which an electric polarization has been predicted. Here, using resonant magnetic x-ray scattering with circular polarization and an applied electric field we show that YNiO3 possess a magnetic structure containing domains of spin-rotations that are consistent with an electric polarization. We show a reversal of the magnetic structure with the applied electric field confirming that charge ordered RNiO3 are magnetoelectric type II multiferroics with a MIT.
A theoretical framework for polarization as the gradual fragmentation of a divided society
Authors: Bliuc Ana-Maria , Betts John M. , Vergani Matteo , Bouguettaya Ayoub , Cristea Mioara 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe propose a framework integrating insights from computational social science, political, and social psychology to explain how extreme polarization can occur in deeply divided societies. Extreme polarization in a society emerges through a dynamic and complex process where societal, group, and individual factors interact. Dissent at different levels of analysis represents the driver of this process, where societal-level ideological dissent divides society into opposing camps, each with contrasting collective narratives. Within these opposing camps, further dissent leads to the formation of splinter factions and radical cells—sub-groups with increasingly extreme views. At the group level, collective narratives underpinning group identity become more extreme as society fragments. At the individual level, this process involves the internalization of an extreme group narrative and norms sanctioning radical behavior. The intense bonding within these groups and the convergence of personal and group identities through identity fusion increase the likelihood of radical group behavior.
Determinants of Multilevel Discourse Outcomes in Anomia Treatment for Aphasia
Authors: Cavanaugh Robert , Dickey Michael Walsh , Hula William D. , Fromm Davida , Golovin Jennifer , Wambaugh Julie , Fergadiotis Gerasimos , Evans William S. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
Individuals with aphasia identify discourse-level communication (i.e., language in use) as a high priority for treatment. The central premise of most aphasia treatments is that restoring language at the phoneme, word, and/or sentence level will generalize to discourse. However, treatment-related changes in discourse-level communication are modest, are poorly understood, and vary greatly among individuals with aphasia. In response, this study consisted of a multilevel discourse analysis of archival, monologic discourse outcomes across two high-intensity Semantic Feature Analysis (SFA) clinical trials. Aim 1 evaluated changes in theoretically motivated discourse outcomes representing lexical–semantic processing, lexical diversity, grammatical complexity, and discourse informativeness. Aim 2 explored the potential moderating role of nonlanguage cognitive factors (semantic memory, divided attention, and executive function) on discourse outcomes.

Method:

This study was a retrospective analysis of archival monologic discourse outcomes after intensive SFA for
n
= 60 (Aim 1) and a subset
n
= 44 (Aim 2). Outcome measures included lexical–semantic processing (% semantic errors), lexical diversity (moving average type–token ratio), grammatical complexity (mean utterance length), and discourse informativeness (% correct information units). Bayesian generalized mixed-effects models were used to examine changes across four study time points: enrollment, entry, exit, and 1-month follow-up.

Results:
The present study found no evidence for meaningful or statistically reliable improvements in monologue discourse performance after SFA when measured using standard, general-topic discourse stimuli. There was weak and inconsistent evidence that nonlanguage cognitive factors may play a role in moderating treatment response.

Conclusions:
These findings indicate a clear need to pair theoretically informed treatments designed to facilitate generalization to discourse with intentional measurement paradigms designed to capture it. Furthermore, there is a clear need to examine how established treatments, restorative or compensatory, can better facilitate generalization to discourse-level communication. These priorities are critical for meaningfully improving everyday communication and reducing the profound communication and psychosocial consequences of aphasia.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.26524081
State‐of‐health estimation of lithium‐ion batteries: A comprehensive literature review from cell to pack levels
Authors: Su Lingzhi , Xu Yan , Dong Zhaoyang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLithium‐ion battery state‐of‐health (SOH) monitoring is essential for maintaining the safety and reliability of electric vehicles and efficiency of energy storage systems. When the SOH of lithium‐ion batteries reaches the end‐of‐life threshold, replacement and maintenance are required to avoid fire and explosion hazards. This paper provides a comprehensive literature review of lithium‐ion battery SOH estimation methods at the cell, module, and pack levels. Analysis and summary of the SOH definition based on the resistance, capacity, and energy indices are presented at each battery hierarchy level. A comparison of SOH indices in terms of modelling complexity, required measurement time, and accuracy is provided. To the best of knowledge, a comprehensive classification of SOH estimation methods at different battery hierarchy levels is presented for the first time in this review. In addition, SOH estimation methods are further classified based on the applied methodologies, including direct measurement, model‐based methods, data‐driven methods, and hybrid model‐data methods. Advantages and disadvantages of SOH estimation methods are summarized and compared across different battery hierarchy levels. A detailed summary of typical SOH estimation methods is presented along with the battery topology, operating conditions, and performance. The challenges and research prospects of lithium‐ion battery SOH estimation are discussed from the cell to pack levels.
Outcomes of a hydroxyapatite ceramic-coated femoral stem in primary total hip arthroplasty: a report of excellent survivorship from a single United Kingdom centre
Authors: Abdelghafour Karim M. , Khaled Sherif A. , Abdel-Kader Khaled F. M. , Azeem Hazem A. , Shah Nirav N. 
Published: August 2024

Background: Hydroxyapatite (HA) coated femoral stems were introduced to enhance the biological fixation at the implant-bone interface, aiming to increase the longevity and survival of the prostheses. We aimed to assess the long-term outcomes of an HA ceramic (HAC) coated stem in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), assess the stem survival, and clinically evaluate the patients using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and radiological evaluation of stem osseointegration. Patients and methods: This was a prospective evaluation of a retrospective cohort of 385 patients (442 hips) who underwent primary THA between June 2008 and December 2018. The mean age was 63.83 years (range, 30–82 years). During the follow-up duration, 23 patients died, and 36 patients (38 hips) were lost to follow-up. Prospective data collected for 326 patients (381 hips) was used to evaluate stem survival with the Kaplan–Meier method using aseptic loosening or any revision as the endpoint. Clinical evaluation was done using the EuroQol five-dimension (EQ-5D) scoring system and PROMs using the Oxford Hip Score (OHS) and Merle D’Aubigne Postel (MDP) score. Radiological assessments were performed using the Engh radiological criteria for stem osteointegration. Results: The mean follow-up duration was 9.39 years (range, 4–14.5 years). The survival of the HAC-coated femoral stem was 100% (95% confidence interval [CI], 96.7–100%) at 14 years with aseptic loosening as the endpoint, and 98.9% (CI, 96.7–100%) at 14 years with stem revision for any reason as the endpoint. The mean OHS was 44.5 (range, 30–48), and the mean MDP score was 15.87 (range, 10–18). Radiological evaluations showed full osseointegration of all stems. Conclusion: This HAC-coated femoral stem has shown excellent survivorship, functional outcomes, and full osseointegration at the final follow-up.
Growth rate of male Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) fed leucaena and rice straw diets with increasing levels of cassava
Authors: Dahlanuddin   , Kariyani L. A. , Panjaitan T. S. , Putra R. A. , Harper K. J. , Poppi D. P. 
Published: August 2024

Context The planting and use of leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) to fatten cattle is both practical and profitable for smallholder farmers in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Currently smallholder farmers feed leucaena as the primary component of a cattle fattening diet. However, the high protein content in leucaena could be more effectively used if combined with a fermentable energy source, such as cassava (Manihot utilissima). Aim An experiment was conducted to determine the ratio of leucaena to cassava corresponding to largest average daily gain and most efficient feed conversion for gain. Methods Thirty growing male Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) ~18 months of age with an initial live weight of 164 ± 1.8 kg (mean ± s.e.) were allocated to one of six experimental treatments in a randomised block design. Bulls were held in individual stalls and had access to experimental diets and water ad libitum. The diets were 20% rice straw + 80% leucaena hay (A), 20% rice straw + 65% leucaena hay + 15% cassava meal (B), 20% rice straw + 50% leucaena hay + 30% cassava meal (C), 20% rice straw + 35% leucaena hay + 45% cassava meal (D), 20% rice straw + 20% leucaena hay + 60% cassava meal (E) and 20% rice straw + 5% leucaena hay + 75% cassava meal (F). A mineral mix was provided at 1% DM of total diet and urea was added to the cassava meal at 2% DM. In consideration of animal welfare concerns, the trial was concluded on Day 77 due to observations indicating that bulls receiving the highest level of cassava (F) were experiencing significant weight loss. Key results The optimum level of inclusion of cassava was 29.5% (based on the quadratic response curve) but there was little difference in average daily gain up to 45% inclusion. Feeding a high level of cassava meal (more than 45% of diet) reduced feed intake, average daily gain and income over feed cost. Conclusion Cassava meal can be successfully and profitably incorporated into leucaena-based rations of Bali bulls for fattening. Implications Formulating rations with cassava meal and leucaena can be economically beneficial in cattle fattening systems.
Climate and weather drivers in southern California Santa Ana Wind and non-Santa Wind fires
Authors: Keeley Jon E. , Flannigan Michael , Brown Tim J. , Rolinski Tom , Cayan Daniel , Syphard Alexandra D. , Guzman-Morales Janin , Gershunov Alexander 
Published: August 2024

Background Autumn and winter Santa Ana Winds (SAW) are responsible for the largest and most destructive wildfires in southern California. Aims (1) To contrast fires ignited on SAW days vs non-SAW days, (2) evaluate the predictive ability of the Canadian Fire Weather Index (CFWI) for these two fire types, and (3) determine climate and weather factors responsible for the largest wildfires. Methods CAL FIRE (California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection) FRAP (Fire and Resource Assessment Program) fire data were coupled with hourly climate data from four stations, and with regional indices of SAW wind speed, and with seasonal drought data from the Palmer Drought Severity Index. Key results Fires on non-SAW days were more numerous and burned more area, and were substantial from May to October. CFWI indices were tied to fire occurrence and size for both non-SAW and SAW days, and in the days following ignition. Multiple regression models for months with the greatest area burned explained up to a quarter of variation in area burned. Conclusions The drivers of fire size differ between non-SAW and SAW fires. The best predictor of fire size for non-SAW fires was drought during the prior 5 years, followed by a current year vapour pressure deficit. For SAW fires, wind speed followed by drought were most important.
Basque-French “Grand Oral” assessment in Basque immersion education
Authors: Manterola Ibon , Rodriguez-Aguirre Amaia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This contribution aims to explore the bilingual strategies of students producing the bilingual Basque-French
“Grand Oral” (GO) text genre in the only Basque immersion high school in Northern Basque Country (NBC henceforth) (France). 20
immersion students’ Basque-French GO productions are analysed. Previous research with similar text genres in the Basque Autonomous
Community (Spain) shows that even if immersion students successfully manage linguistic alternation, they scarcely adapt Basque
terminology when using English. The GO is an explanatory-argumentative text genre, addressed to a jury involving a monolingual
French speaker. The analysis shows that students alternate languages with no lexico-grammatical difficulties. However, when they
refer to Basque terms in French, they hardly include any clarification for the non-Basque-speaking member of the jury. These
findings could shed light on a better understanding of Basque immersion students’ oral bilingual strategies and could contribute
to the development of plurilingual teaching approaches in NBC multilingual education, which remain unexplored.
Interval-valued fermatean fuzzy Aczel-Alsina geometric aggregation operators and their applications to group decision-making
Authors: Meher Bibhuti Bhusana , S Jeevaraj 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Developing new aggregation operators on various classes of fuzzy sets and their generalizations is important in modelling real-life decision-making problems. Interval-valued Fermatean fuzzy sets (IVFFs) generalize the idea of interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy sets (IVPFS) play a crucial role in modelling problems involving inadequate information. Decision-making problems modelled using IVFFNs require different score functions and aggregation operators on the set of IVFFNs. This study mainly focuses on establishing a few interval-valued Fermatean fuzzy (IVFF) aggregation operators by integrating the Aczel-Alsina (AA) operations to deal with group decision-making (GDM) problems. In this work, first, we discuss various Aczel-Alsina-based IVFF operations such as AA sum, AA product, and AA scalar multiplication for proposing a few new aggregation operators for the IVFF environment based on the new IVFF operations. Secondly, we introduce a few operators, including the interval-valued Fermatean fuzzy Aczel-Alsina (IVFFAA) weighted geometric operator, the IVFFAA ordered weighted geometric (IVFFAAOWG) operator, and the IVFFAA hybrid geometric (IVFFAAHG) operator. Various important properties such as idempotency, boundness, and monotonicity have also been studied. Thirdly, we establish multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) method for solving real-life decision-making problems. Fourthly, we solve a model GDM problem to show the applicability and efficacy of our proposed MCGDM method, which utilizes the IVFFAAWG operator. Further, a sensitivity analysis is performed to ensure better performance, and finally, a comparative study of our method is done by comparing our proposed MCGDM approach with different existing methods.
Four-port dual-band textile MIMO antenna for biomedical health monitoring systems: on-body mutual coupling reduction characterization
Authors: Mashagba Hamza A , Rahim Hasliza A , Mohd Yasin Mohd Najib , Jamaluddin Mohd Haizal , Islam Mohammad Tariqul , Abdulkawi Wazie M , Ismail Arif Mawardi , Moniruzzaman Md. , Al-Bawri Samir Salem 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The paper outlines a methodology to diminish mutual coupling in 4-port dual-band MIMO textile antenna for biomedical applications. This antenna leverages MIMO technology and Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) for operation in two distinct frequency bands at (3.5 & 2.45 GHz). The antenna is made up of four octagonal patch antennas, each having a bar and a split-ring (SR) slot with 47.2 × 31 mm2 dimensions for each patch. A hybrid mutual coupling (MC) approach was investigated with closely spaced patches (up to 0.05λ). Various bending setups have been selected along with flat case to examine the antennas’ resilience which demonstrate such agreement between measured and simulated findings. Furthermore, the MC is only −20 dB, the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is 0.001, and maximum peak measured gain of 5.2 dBi is achieved with lowest peak specific absorption rate (SAR) value. Even when bent at a 60° angle along with y-axis and x-axis, the antenna retains a decent gain of 1.861 dBi in the low frequency region and 5.479 dBi at high frequency band. Surprisingly, the antenna outperforms the attenuation produced by the lossy effects of the human body, indicating a favorable alignment between the modelled and observed findings.
Machine learning aids in detrapping of V2O5 electrochromic materials from ion-traps
Authors: Song Yixin , Yuan Linhua , Mei Houshan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The rapid decay of electrochromic performance of V2O5 limits its widespread application, which has been proven to be attributed to the presence of ion traps. detrapping operation is an effective strategy to overcome ion traps and restore the electrochromic performance of V2O5. This process frees the ions embedded in V2O5 from shallow defects, but the effect and mechanism of action are still unclear. Therefore, this study attempts to fit this issue using data-driven machine learning (ML) methods, predicting the varying performance regeneration levels of V2O5 electrochromic materials due to different electrical parameters. Six different machine learning methods were employed in the experiment, and the models were trained using five-fold cross-validation. The results showed that the Random Forest (RF) method had the highest coefficient of determination score (R2 = 0.9) and lower root mean square error (MSE = 0.0054) for predicting material performance recovery, indicating its effectiveness in predicting the degree of material performance recovery. Furthermore, data-driven sensitivity analysis indicates that the extracted charge amount during constant detrapping procedure is a crucial factor determining the restoration effect. These results can serve as a reference for research in the field of electrochromism.
Preparation for CSST: Star-galaxy Classification using a Rotationally Invariant Supervised Machine Learning Method
Authors: Zhang Shiliang , Fang Guanwen , Song Jie , Li Ran , Gu Yizhou , Lin Zesen , Zhou Chichun , Dai Yao , Kong Xu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Most existing star-galaxy classifiers depend on the reduced information from catalogs, necessitating careful data processing and feature extraction. In this study, we employ a supervised machine learning method (GoogLeNet) to automatically classify stars and galaxies in the COSMOS field. Unlike traditional machine learning methods, we introduce several preprocessing techniques, including noise reduction and the unwrapping of denoised images in polar coordinates, applied to our carefully selected samples of stars and galaxies. By dividing the selected samples into training and validation sets in an 8:2 ratio, we evaluate the performance of the GoogLeNet model in distinguishing between stars and galaxies. The results indicate that the GoogLeNet model is highly effective, achieving accuracies of 99.6% and 99.9% for stars and galaxies, respectively. Furthermore, by comparing the results with and without preprocessing, we find that preprocessing can significantly improve classification accuracy (by approximately 2.0% to 6.0%) when the images are rotated. In preparation for the future launch of the China Space Station Telescope (CSST), we also evaluate the performance of the GoogLeNet model on the CSST simulation data. These results demonstrate a high level of accuracy (approximately 99.8%), indicating that this model can be effectively utilized for future observations with the CSST.
Revisit of GeV Gamma-Ray Emission from Orion B with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
Authors: Zeng Wei , Sun Xiao-Na , Yang Rui-Zhi , He Jia-Chun , Shi Zhao-Dong , Ge Ting-Ting , Liang Yun-Feng , Liang En-Wei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We revisit the γ-ray emission above 300 MeV towards the massive star-forming region of Orion B by adopting 14 yr observations with the Fermi Large Area Telescope and utilizing the updated software tools. The extended γ-ray emission region around Orion B is resolved into two components (region I and region II). The γ-ray spectrum of region I agrees with the predicted γ-ray spectrum assuming the cosmic ray (CR) density is the same as that of Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) measured locally. The γ-ray emissivity of region II appears to be deficit at low energy band (E < 3 GeV). Through modeling we find that CR densities exhibit a significant deficit below 20 GeV, which may be caused by a slow diffusion inside the dense region. This is probably caused by an increased magnetic field whose strength increases with the gas density.