bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First laboratory-confirmed human case of infection with influenza A(H5N2) virus reported in Mexico
Authors: Vázquez-Pérez Joel Armando , Wong-Arámbula Claudia , Solís-Hernández Mario , Becerril-Vargas Eduardo , Barrera-Badillo Gisela , Ahumada-Topete Víctor Hugo , Avila-Rios Santiago , Pérez-Padilla Rogelio , Mejía-Nepomuceno Fidencio , Mendoza-Ramírez Enrique , Rocha-Martinez Marisol Karina , Alcazar-Ramiro Carlos Javier , Cruz Alfredo , Zúñiga Joaquin , Bozena-Piekarska Karolina , Arellano-Suarez Dayanira Sarith , Cruz-Ortiz María Natividad , Núñez-García Tatiana Ernestina , Molina-Gómez Eréndira , Flores-Cisneros Laura Adriana , Aparicio-Antonio Rodrigo , Rodríguez-Maldonado Abril , Landa-Flores Magaly , García-López Armando , Membrillo-Hernández Jorge , García-Rodríguez Gabriel , García-Lozano Herlinda , López-Martínez Irma , González-Sánchez Ruth P. , Reyes-Terán Gustavo , Hernández-Cárdenas Carmen M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn late April, 2024, we detected a non-subtypeable influenza virus in a hospitalized patient, resident of the Metropolitan area of Mexico City. Our results using 5 complete viral segments M, NS, NA, NP and HA, showed identity of 99% with avian influenza A(H5N2) from Texcoco, Mexico of 2024. This case is the first with direct evidence of human infection caused by the H5N2 influenza virus, relationship with severity remain unknow.
Novel tau filament folds in individuals withMAPTmutations P301L and P301T
Authors: Schweighauser Manuel , Shi Yang , Murzin Alexey G. , Garringer Holly J. , Vidal Ruben , Murrell Jill R. , Erro M. Elena , Seelaar Harro , Ferrer Isidro , van Swieten John C. , Ghetti Bernardino , Scheres Sjors H.W. , Goedert Michel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMutations inMAPT, the microtubule-associated protein tau gene, give rise to cases of frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17) with abundant filamentous tau inclusions in brain cells. Individuals with pathologicalMAPTvariants exhibit behavioural changes, cognitive impairment and signs of parkinsonism. Missense mutations of residue P301, which are the most commonMAPTmutations associated with FTDP-17, give rise to the assembly of mutant four-repeat tau into filamentous inclusions, in the absence of extracellular deposits. Here we report the cryo-EM structures of tau filaments from five individuals belonging to three unrelated families with mutation P301L and from one individual belonging to a family with mutation P301T. A novel three-lobed tau fold resembling the two-layered tau fold of Pick’s disease was present in all cases with the P301L tau mutation. Two different tau folds were found in the case with mutation P301T, the less abundant of which was a variant of the three-lobed fold. The major P301T tau fold was V-shaped, with partial similarity to the four-layered tau folds of corticobasal degeneration and argyrophilic grain disease. These findings suggest that FTDP-17 with mutations in P301 should be considered distinct inherited tauopathies and that model systems with these mutations should be used with caution in the study of sporadic tauopathies.
The evolution of male weapons is associated with the type of breeding site in a clade of Neotropical frogs
Authors: Santana Erika M. , Caetano Daniel S. , Palaoro Alexandre V. , Machado Glauco 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMale weaponry evolution is often linked to resource or female defense polygyny. This pattern emerges from highly studied taxa, such as arthropods and mammals. However, whether factors such as breeding site type influence weaponry evolution remains an open question. We explore this question using frogs of the subfamily Leptodactylinae, where males of species spawning in exposed sites (water bodies) fight to hold oviposition sites or dislodge rivals during amplexus. Conversely, males of species spawning in concealed sites (ground nests and crevices) rarely engage in intense physical contests. We hypothesize that male weaponry evolution would be associated with reproduction in exposed sites. Using two complementary phylogenetic comparative methods, we first found a macroevolutionary correlation between male weapons and breeding site type. The presence of weapons is consistently associated with exposed sites, while their absence is linked to concealed sites. We explore how this macroevolutionary pattern can also be influenced by female mate choice. Second, we found that both gains andlossesof weapons occurred more frequently in species spawning in exposed sites. This unexpected finding suggests that the dynamics of weapon evolution are more intricate than anticipated. We propose some explanations aspiring to stimulate further investigations with other external fertilizer species.
Traffic Jam activates theFlamencopiRNA cluster locus and the Piwi pathway to ensure transposon silencing andDrosophilafertility
Authors: Rivera Austin , Lee Jou-Hsuan Roxie , Gupta Shruti , Yang Linda , Goel Raghuveera Kumar , Zaia Joseph , Lau Nelson C. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTFlamenco (Flam)is the most prominent piRNA cluster locus expressed inDrosophilaovarian follicle cells, and it is required for female fertility to silencegypsy/mdg4transposons. To determine howFlamis regulated, we used promoter-bashing reporter assays in OSS cells to uncover novel enhancer sequences within the first exons ofFlam. We confirmed the enhancer sequence relevance in vivo with newDrosophila Flamdeletion mutants of these regions that compromisedFlampiRNA expression and lowered female fertility from activated transposons. Our proteomic analysis of proteins associated with these enhancer sequences discovered the transcription factor Traffic Jam (TJ).Tjknockdowns in OSS cells caused a decrease inFlamtranscripts,FlampiRNAs, and multiple Piwi pathway genes. A TJ ChIP-seq analysis from whole flies and OSS cells confirmed TJ binding exactly at the enhancer that was deleted in the newFlammutant as well as at multiple Piwi pathway gene enhancers. Interestingly, TJ also bound the Long Terminal Repeats of transposons that had decreased expression afterTjknockdowns in OSS cells. Our study reveals the integral role TJ plays in the on-going arms race between selfish transposons and their suppression by the host Piwi pathway and theFlampiRNA cluster locus.
Healthcare workers’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative analysis of a text message-based NHS workforce support line
Authors: Gould Lisa J. , Angwin Eleanor , Powell Richard A. , Lawrance Emma L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe National Health Service (NHS) is suffering from a workforce crisis of mental and physical sickness and attrition following the COVID-19 pandemic. An in-depth understanding of healthcare workers’ (HCWs) experiences during the pandemic is required to understand the impacts on their mental health in this challenging work environment. This qualitative study explores HCWs’ concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic - expressed in real-time during an active mental health crisis.DesignThis study involved analysis of data from “Shout”, a text message-based, UK-wide mental health support service which, during the pandemic, was advertised to HCWs specifically. Pseudo-random sampling of scripts of anonymised text message conversations between HCWs and Shout Volunteers from April 2020 – March 2021 was undertaken, with data fully anonymised by Shout before researchers accessed them on a secure purpose-built platform. Following application of exclusion and inclusion criteria, 60 conversations were coded to develop a thematic framework and analysed using grounded theory, with sub-themes triangulated to create final themes. Quotes extracted from this process were then synthesised for publication.ResultsThree themes emerged from the data: 1) Poor mental health, sub-themes: (a) overwhelming negative feelings or emotional distress experienced, and; (b) active crisis/resurgent symptoms. 2) Negative work experiences, sub-themes: (a) negative NHS work culture and expectations; (b) inadequate structures and arrangements for support; (c) trauma at work, and; (d) abuse at work. 3) The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, sub-themes: (a) additional work pressure, and; (b) isolation and risk.ConclusionThis study explores the challenges and mental health concerns in HCWs during an active crisis. Organisational stressors, mental health provision and additional resources for HCWs to recover from the pandemic remain a vital issue in current NHS service provision.Strengths and limitationsThis study uniquely provides an analysis of HCWs’ mental health experience, recorded in real-time across the pandemic, thereby free from recall bias.The study analysed insights from a unique and valuable dataset of particularly vulnerable HCWs (i.e. those in active crisis) in their own words, enabling rich insight into the nature and circumstances of severe distress in HCWs.The individuals using the Shout text service are more likely to be in a severe mental health crisis and not therefore representative of the whole HCW community, but given the study is aligned with the principles of qualitative enquiry, we do not seek to be representative of, or generalizable to, the whole population.This paper is not able to represent the views of all HCW’s, and whilst we consider different groups of HCW’s in the body of the analysis, there are relatively small numbers in each group.
Genomic analysis of antimicrobial resistantEscherichia coliisolated from manure and manured agricultural grasslands
Authors: Tyrrell C. , Burgess C.M. , Brennan F.P. , Münzenmaier D. , Drissner D. , Leigh R.J. , Walsh F. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a multifactorial issue involving an intertwining relationship between animals, humans and the environment. The environment can harbour bacteria that are pathogenic to human health, includingEscherichia coli, an indicator of environmental faecal contamination. Through culture dependent approaches this study identified 46E. coliisolates in porcine and bovine manure, non-manured and manured soil, and the phyllosphere of manured grass. The grass isolation highlights grass as an environmental reservoir forE. coli.Whole genome sequencing identified 11 different multi-locus sequence types. We also identified a diverse plasmidome with 23 different plasmid replicon types. TheE. coliisolates were phenotypically antibiotic resistance, predominantly multidrug resistant. Additionally, whole genome sequencing identified 31 antibiotic resistance genes, and mutations in thegyrA,parC, andparEgenes, conferring fluoroquinolone resistance. The main virulence genes were associated actin mediated locomotion (icsP/sopA), siderophore production and alginate production (algA), which suggest adaptation to survive in the non-gut environment or the UV environment of grass surfaces. These results suggest thatE. coliin soils and grasses may adapt to their new environments evolving novel strategies. This study demonstrates grass as an understudied environmental niche of AMRE. coli, which directly links the environment to the grass grazing animal and vice-versa via the circular economy of manure application.Impact statementEscherichia coliis capable of surviving across biomes within One Health. This study sheds light on the genomic elements present in AMRE. coliin the understudied niche of agricultural grassland.Data summaryThe genome sequences have been deposited in Genbank. Bioproject number PRJNA1080214 and SRP491607 in the sequence read archivehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/?term=SRP491607.
Navigating the nexus of political risk, information asymmetry and liquidity: evidence from non-US stocks on the NYSE
Authors: Kim Jang-Chul , Su Qing , Elliott Teressa 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the relationship among liquidity, information asymmetry and political risk for non-US stocks listed on the NYSE. Additionally, the study aims to explore the impact of political tension on market quality.Design/methodology/approachThis research adopts a quantitative methodology to examine the interplay between liquidity, information asymmetry and political risk in non-US stocks on the NYSE. A comprehensive analysis encompasses stocks from countries with varying political risk levels, demonstrating a correlation between lower political risk and improved market quality. In assessing the impact of US–China trade conflicts on Chinese stocks, political shocks are scrutinized. Results indicate that heightened political tension exacerbates information asymmetry and diminishes market liquidity, underscoring the susceptibility of stocks in politically strained environments to adverse shocks.FindingsNon-US stocks from countries with lower political risk show higher liquidity and market efficiency, with narrower bid-ask spreads and smaller price impacts of trades. These stocks also demonstrate a higher market quality index, indicating improved overall market performance. In addition, during periods of escalated US –China political tension over trade policy, the liquidity of non-US stocks from China worsens, leading to wider bid-ask spreads and increased information asymmetry.Originality/valueThis study provides novel insights into the impact of political risk on stock market dynamics for non-US stocks listed on the NYSE, with a particular emphasis on the US –China trade conflict's effect on Chinese stocks.
Maximizing asset management and intellectual capital: the role of enterprise resource planning in ASEAN-5 construction firms
Authors: Sarah Dianita , Probohudono Agung Nur 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThe objective of this comparative quantitative study is to examine hypotheses regarding the impact of asset management and intellectual capital (IC) on the financial performance of the construction sector in the ASEAN-5 throughout 2019–2022 with enterprise resource planning (ERP) as a mediator variable.Design/methodology/approachA final sample of 65 construction industries listed on stock exchanges during 2019 and 2022 in ASEAN-5 (Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore) was selected using the purposive sampling method. This research employs market-to-book value (MBV) as a measure of IC. The study also used path analysis, the Sobel test and analysis of variance test (ANOVA).FindingsThe findings demonstrate that asset management, intellectual capital and ERP have a significant and favorable impact on return on asset (ROA). Additionally, the asset management and IC of the ERP display weak and substantial outcomes. The implementation of ERP was also shown not to operate as a mediating factor. The ANOVA results on financial performance indicate significant differences for the year 2019. Furthermore, the use of various ERP software types demonstrates a comparable impact on enhancing financial performance.Originality/valueThis is the first study that utilizes ERP to mediate management asset and IC on financial performance. The ASEAN-5 construction sector is representative of developing nations' economic condition, offering the possibility to avoid the global economic collapse in 2023 and recover despite economic volatility.
Investigation on effect of different types of inoculants on the solidification of ductile cast iron using thermal analysis
Authors: Sangame Bahubali Babanrao , Reddy Y. Prasannatha 
Published: August 2024

PurposeProducing superior-quality ductile cast iron demands the use of various intricate inoculants. In addition to iron and silicon, these materials also include alloying elements like calcium, barium, cerium, bismuth and zirconium. These elements are effective in minimizing carbide solidification and enhancing the formation of eutectic cells, thereby resulting in improved cast iron quality.Design/methodology/approachThis article discusses the findings of an investigation on how various inoculants impact critical thermal analysis parameters such as undercooling, recalescence and their correlation with the nucleation of graphite nodules and shrinkage tendency.FindingsFor the study, five distinct inoculants with varying active components in their chemical composition were utilized. The particular formulation of the inoculant has a notable impact on the extent of undercooling during the solidifying process of ductile cast iron. Investigation indicates that incorporating inoculant reduces the temperature at which austenite dendrites form and raises the eutectic freezing temperature. Upon analyzing the microstructure, it is found that the inclusion of inoculation led to a rise in the nodule count from 103 to 272 nodules.Originality/valueAn increased graphite factor, which denotes the growth of graphite nodules during the subsequent stage of the eutectic reaction, supports the benefits of inoculation. Ce and Bi-inoculation have increased the growth of graphite nodules in the cast area during solidification compared to other inoculant formulations. This enhanced production helps in decreasing the size of macroporosity.
Broken promises in policing: understanding leadership, procedural justice and psychological health through the lens of psychological contract breach
Authors: Drew Jacqueline M. , Chevroulet Chantal 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to empirically test the role of psychological contract breach in explaining the relationship between leadership style and procedural justice, burnout and psychological distress. This study provides important insights for police agencies who seek to positively impact, through the actions of their leaders, on both performance and psychological health of their officers. Drawing from the study findings, key recommendations for police leadership development programs are made.Design/methodology/approachThe current study with a large sample of Australian police (N = 1763), explores the relationship between leader-member exchange (LMX) leadership style and two sets of outcomes. The first is procedural justice, an important job performance outcome related to police practice. The second outcome includes two measures of psychological health, specifically burnout and psychological distress. Psychological contract breach (PCB) is investigated in the current research as a potential mediator in the relationship between leadership and (a) job performance and (b) psychological health.FindingsUsing mediated regression analyses, high LMX leadership is associated with lower PCB, higher procedural justice and reduced psychological health impairment amongst staff. The relationship between LMX and procedural justice was fully mediated by PCB, meaning that PCB explains the relationship between LMX and procedural justice. Partial mediation was found for both psychological health outcomes. As such, leadership style has a direct relationship with psychological health, and is partly explained by PCB.Originality/valueVery little research has considered the role of PCB in explaining how leadership style is related to job performance and psychological health outcomes in policing. To our knowledge, this is the first study that has empirically examined whether leadership style makes it more likely that a police officer will perceive PCB. And further, whether this breach is associated with reduced job performance (i.e. less procedural justice) and poorer psychological health (i.e. increased burnout and psychological distress).
Where Does the Time Go? Auditors’ Commercial Effort, Professional Effort, and Audit Quality
Authors: CICONTE WILLIAM A. , LEIBY JUSTIN , WILLEKENS MARLEEN 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTAudit theory and regulation assumes that auditors’ commercial motivation threatens audit quality. In this registered report, we use data from two Big Four firms in the Netherlands and provide empirical evidence on the relation between auditors’ commercial motivation and (1) compensation, (2) total audit effort, and (3) audit quality. We proxy commercial motivation as the time that individual auditors report allocating to commercial activities. We hypothesize that auditors’ commercial effort is positively related to compensation and we find mixed support. Next, we hypothesize that auditors’ commercial effort is negatively related to the audit effort but we find no support. Turning to audit quality, we hypothesize a negative direct relation between auditors’ commercial effort and audit quality but we find no support. We also predict a positive indirect relation in which auditors’ commercial effort increases quality control reliance leading to higher audit quality. We find some support for this hypothesis but only when we use technical consultations to proxy for quality control. Auditors with greater commercial effort maintain quality because they rely more on technical consultations. In sum, our study challenges the assumption that auditors’ commercial effort threatens audit quality and questions the need for additional regulation to constrain commercial motivation.
Scanning amplicons with CRISPR‐Dx detects endangered amphibians in environmental DNA
Authors: Leugger Flurin , Schmidlin Michel , Lüthi Martina , Kontarakis Zacharias , Pellissier Loïc 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMore efficient methods for extensive biodiversity monitoring are required to support rapid measures to address the biodiversity crisis. While environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding and quantitative PCR (qPCR) methods offer advantages over traditional monitoring approaches, their large‐scale application is limited by the time and labour required for developing assays and/or for analysis. CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) diagnostic technologies (Dx) may overcome some of these limitations, but they have been used solely with species‐specific primers, restricting their versatility for biodiversity monitoring. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of designing species‐specific CRISPR‐Dx assays in silico within a short metabarcoding fragment using a general primer set, a methodology we term ‘ampliscanning’, for 18 of the 22 amphibian species in Switzerland. We sub‐selected nine species, including three classified as regionally endangered, to test the methodology using eDNA sampled from ponds at nine sites. We compared the ampliscanning detections to data from traditional monitoring at these sites. Ampliscanning was successful at detecting target species with different prevalences across the landscape. With only one visit, we detected more species per site than three traditional monitoring visits (visual and acoustic detections by trained experts), in particular more elusive species and previously undocumented but expected populations. Ampliscanning detected 25 species/site combinations compared to 12 with traditional monitoring. Sensitivity analyses showed that larger numbers of field visits and PCR replicates are more important for reliable detection than many technical replicates at the CRISPR‐Dx assay level. Given the reduced sampling and analysis effort, our results highlight the benefits of eDNA and CRISPR‐Dx combined with universal primers for large‐scale monitoring of multiple endangered species across landscapes to inform conservation measures.