bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancing translational human dynamics research: bridging space, mind, and computational urban science in the era of GeoAI
Authors: Jiang Bin , Cheng Tao , Tsou Ming-Hsiang , Zhu Di , Ye Xinyue 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Human dynamics research has undergone a significant transformation over the past decade, driven by interdisciplinary collaboration and technological innovation. This opinion paper examines the evolution of the field in the past ten years, focusing on its integration of GIScience (Geographic Information Science), social science, and public health to tackle spatial and societal challenges such as urban sustainability, disaster response, and epidemics. Key advancements include the adoption of living structure theory, which redefines space as a dynamic and interconnected entity linked to human well-being and ecological sustainability, and the application of cutting-edge technologies like GeoAI (Geospatial Artificial Intelligence) and digital twins for adaptive modeling and informed decision-making. Despite these advancements, challenges persist, including incomplete data, mismatched scales, and barriers to equitable access to geospatial information. Addressing these issues necessitates innovative approaches such as multiscale modeling, open data platforms, and inclusive methodologies. Increased funding opportunities offer pathways for accelerating translational research. By integrating advanced theories, user-centered technologies, and collaborative frameworks, human dynamics research is poised to transform urban systems into sustainable, resilient, and equitable environments. This paradigm shift underscores the importance of ethical considerations and inclusivity, offering a holistic approach that aligns with human and ecological needs.
Utility of urine culture in men with uncomplicated cystitis in ambulatory settings
Authors: Keintz Mackenzie R. , Alexander Bryan T. , Fagan Katherine , Van Schooneveld Trevor C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are common and women with typical symptoms may be treated empirically without culture. We evaluated the utility of urine culture in men presenting with typical symptoms of uncomplicated UTI. Most pathogens isolated retained susceptibility to first-line antimicrobials suggesting urine cultures may be unnecessary in this population.
GenFormer: a deep-learning-based approach for generating multivariate stochastic processes
Authors: Zhao Haoran , Uy Wayne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Stochastic generators are essential to produce synthetic realizations that preserve target statistical properties. We propose GenFormer, a stochastic generator for spatio-temporal multivariate stochastic processes. It is constructed using a Transformer-based deep learning model that learns a mapping between a Markov state sequence and time series values. The synthetic data generated by the GenFormer model preserve the target marginal distributions and approximately capture other desired statistical properties even in challenging applications involving a large number of spatial locations and a long simulation horizon. The GenFormer model is applied to simulate synthetic wind speed data at various stations in Florida to calculate exceedance probabilities for risk management.
OpenForest: a data catalog for machine learning in forest monitoring
Authors: Ouaknine Arthur , Kattenborn Teja , Laliberté Etienne , Rolnick David 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Forests play a crucial role in the Earth’s system processes and provide a suite of social and economic ecosystem services, but are significantly impacted by human activities, leading to a pronounced disruption of the equilibrium within ecosystems. Advancing forest monitoring worldwide offers advantages in mitigating human impacts and enhancing our comprehension of forest composition, alongside the effects of climate change. While statistical modeling has traditionally found applications in forest biology, recent strides in machine learning and computer vision have reached important milestones using remote sensing data, such as tree species identification, tree crown segmentation, and forest biomass assessments. For this, the significance of open-access data remains essential in enhancing such data-driven algorithms and methodologies. Here, we provide a comprehensive and extensive overview of 86 open-access forest datasets across spatial scales, encompassing inventories, ground-based, aerial-based, satellite-based recordings, and country or world maps. These datasets are grouped in OpenForest, a dynamic catalog open to contributions that strives to reference all available open-access forest datasets. Moreover, in the context of these datasets, we aim to inspire research in machine learning applied to forest biology by establishing connections between contemporary topics, perspectives, and challenges inherent in both domains. We hope to encourage collaborations among scientists, fostering the sharing and exploration of diverse datasets through the application of machine learning methods for large-scale forest monitoring. OpenForest is available at the following url: https://github.com/RolnickLab/OpenForest.
Passive spherical aberration compensation in laser diode side-pumped master oscillator power amplifier laser systems
Authors: Li Pengfei , Wang Yulei , Zhang Fei , Li Yan , Zheng Hao , Cao Chen , Li Kai , Jia Mengyu , Yan Bingzheng , Bai Zhenxu , Yu Yu , Lv Zhiwei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Based on a 4f system, a 0° reflector and a single laser diode side-pump amplifier, a new amplifier is designed to compensate the spherical aberration of the amplified laser generated by a single laser diode side-pump amplifier and enhance the power of the amplified laser. Furthermore, the role of the 4f system in the passive spherical aberration compensation and its effect on the amplified laser are discussed in detail. The results indicate that the amplification efficiency is enhanced by incorporating a 4f system in a double-pass amplifier and placing a 0° reflector only at the focal point of the single-pass amplified laser. This method also effectively uses the heat from the gain medium (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet) of the amplifier to compensate the spherical aberration of the amplified laser.
Can the Supreme Court Generate Public Acceptance of Election Rulings? Politicized Appointments, Elite Norm Violations, and the 2020 Election
Authors: Bartels Brandon L. , Kramon Eric 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We argue that the controversial Barrett appointment and President Trump’s norm-violating rhetoric posed risks to the Supreme Court’s ability to generate acceptance of a 2020 election intervention. We fielded four nationally-representative survey experiments to measure the Court’s ability to generate public acceptance of an election intervention across key events during the election period. Results show that public acceptance changed substantially across events. The Court lacked the ability to induce acceptance, particularly among Democrats, after the election. Only after the Court dismisses the Republican-led election challenge does acceptance rebound. The Court’s ability to generate public acceptance regarding election disputes appears tenuous.
An interplay of inhibitory and facilitative mechanisms during language control: evidence from phonetic-level language switching with a letter-naming task
Authors: Yue Chang , Chen Yunsheng , Zhang Yun , Zeng Yiling , Zhang Yong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Language control in the bilingual brain has remained in the limelight of research over the past decades. However, the mechanisms underlying bilingual language control may be more intricate than typically assumed due to the hierarchical nature of language. This study aimed to investigate the dynamics of bilingual language control at the phonetic level. Participants, who were speakers of Chinese, English and German, named the letters of the alphabet in English (L2) or German (L3) following an alternating language-switching paradigm. Two sets of letters were selected, differing in the phonological similarity of their pronunciation across the two languages, thereby allowing the exploration of cross-language phonological influences. Each participant completed two sessions of letter-naming tasks. In one session, seven phonologically similar letters were randomly repeated either in single-language blocks or in alternate-language blocks. In the other session, seven phonologically dissimilar letters were similarly manipulated. The results indicated local inhibition, reflected by switch costs and global inhibition, reflected by mixing costs. Reversed language dominance, another indicator of global inhibition, was not observed. However, there was a tendency for larger global inhibition to be applied to the more dominant language. Moreover, there was significantly faster naming for phonologically similar letters compared to dissimilar ones, suggesting a facilitation effect for both English and German, irrespective of whether letter naming occurred in single- or alternate-language blocks. These findings provided evidence for the role of inhibitory and facilitative mechanisms at the phonetic level, suggesting language-specific control in the bilingual brain and underscoring the complexity and dynamics of managing language control across multiple levels of processing.
In Pursuit of Statehood: Palestinian Performativity in Human Rights Treaty Bodies
Authors: Haddad Mary , Jasper Alon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article uses the theoretical framework of “performative sovereignty” to analyze the role of sovereignty in the Palestinian Authority’s interactions with human rights treaty bodies and to the judicial decisions of the Palestine Supreme Constitutional Court. We argue that, in contrast to dominant views of sovereignty as a threshold, sovereignty is performed through a series of discrete (yet related) interactions and practices that—when accepted by their designated audience—result in rights and privileges being granted, accompanied by sovereign status. Analyzing both Palestinian communications with human rights treaty bodies and cases brought before the Palestinian Supreme Constitutional Court, we argue that the drive to perform sovereignty helps explain states’ actions in joining and reporting to human rights treaty bodies and the responses those actions have elicited. We also find that sovereignty operates as an iron cage—an almost ubiquitous framework—that structures (both constrains and enables) the possible actions of different actors in the field of human rights. The inquiry deepens our understanding of the development and operation of human rights and the role of statehood in shaping the global legal order.
The East Mediterranean Gas Forum as a Platform for a Regional Energy Treaty
Authors: Klotsman Igor , Reich Arie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article discusses the East Mediterranean Gas Forum (EMGF), a regional energy organisation formed in 2020. It highlights the organisation’s significance in promoting cooperation in the East Mediterranean energy sector but notes the absence of a robust legal framework, governance structure and binding rules. The lack of mechanisms for enforcing decisions among members is also a concern. To address these shortcomings, the article proposes the adoption of a regional energy treaty.
The suggested treaty holds the potential of transforming the EMGF into a potent and legally binding energy organisation. By establishing a comprehensive legal foundation, the treaty could foster energy cooperation, promote sustainable energy initiatives, and create a secure investment environment, thereby stimulating economic growth across the Mediterranean region. Moreover, implementation of the treaty could play a crucial role in ensuring energy security within the East Mediterranean. It has the capacity to help in mediating and resolving disputes concerning maritime boundaries, transit and political issues that pose threats to the stability and effectiveness of the EMGF.
For a regional energy treaty to be effective, it should encompass provisions concerning transit, trade, investment and environmental protection. The inclusion of decision-making bodies and robust dispute settlement mechanisms is essential to encourage investment, facilitate unhindered transit and consolidate the stature of the EMGF as a pre-eminent energy organisation.
Gamma amino butyric acid augments performance of heat stressed broiler chickens through enhancement of oxidative defence mechanism
Authors: Haldar Sudipto , Arora Sayantani Sihi , Debnath Anusuya , Dhara Amrita Kumar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The effect of supplementation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a component of the neuroendocrine cascade involved in stress alleviation, was studied in broiler chickens in a heat stress model. In a 42-day feeding trial, 300 male and 300 female broiler chickens were equally distributed in an environmentally controlled (EC) and an open house (OH) according to a 2x2x3 factorial design. The diet was either devoid of GABA (0 mg/kg) or was supplemented with 60 or 120 mg/kg GABA. Zootechnical performances (1-42 d), expression of mRNA for genes coding for inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α) in spleen (24 d), oxidative regulators (Nrf-2, SOD) in liver (24 d), and arterial blood gas concentrations (24 d) were assessed. Whole genome sequencing of the caecal microbiome was performed for the male birds (42 d). Supplementation of GABA improved (P < 0.01) body weight and feed conversion ratio irrespective of sex and housing conditions, expression of IL-1β and IL-8, and Nrf-2 gene. GABA decreased (P < 0.05) malondialdehyde and increased (P < 0.05) glutathione peroxidase activities in serum. GABA decreased circulatory corticosterone concertation (P < 0.05). While both housing conditions benefitted from GABA, its effects were more pronounced in OH (house effect P < 0.05). GABA supplementation modulated caecal microbiota composition by increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Alistipes and Bacteroides, particularly in the OH environment. Overall, this study concludes that 60 mg/kg GABA supplementation improves growth performance, stress resilience, and microbial composition in broiler chickens, with variable effects depending on housing conditions.
Critical theory and cultural competency in medical QI projects: lessons from Pacific Islander communities
Authors: Martorana Adam , Katta Sankalp , Huynh Hanna , Ulger Ezgi , Andrion Jeffrey 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This reflection explores the transformative power of critical theory through a quality improvement (QI) project creating culturally relevant dietary resources for Pacific Islander communities in Washington State, USA. Food injustice and lack of food sovereignty are examined as manifestations of modern-day colonialism perpetuated by capitalist-driven social structures. The methodology employed critical reflection, defined as the process of examining assumptions and power relations that shape practice, central to critical theory. Iterative group discussions aimed to understand the impact of individual and collective assumptions, power dynamics, and oppression on the project’s conceptualization, implementation, and evaluation.
Specific recommendations are integrated into the discussion to aid those replicating similar protocols, emphasizing actionable steps such as engaging with the community at all project stages. The research team, composed of osteopathic medical students and a critical theory expert, engaged in reflexivity to understand how social locations and lived experiences influenced perceptions. Despite the goal of fostering cultural inclusivity, limitations in engaging the Pacific Islander community throughout the project lifecycle highlighted the need for cultural humility and participatory action methodology.
This study underscores the importance of understanding the history and socio-political context of marginalized communities to avoid perpetuating colonial practices and trauma. It emphasizes the necessity for medical schools to incorporate sociological theories into curricula to promote compassionate, culturally appropriate care and research. By critically examining positionality and engaging in transformative learning, the group advocates for systemic changes towards a more equitable global healthcare system.
Through critical reflection, the group has come to understand how lived experiences have shaped perceptions of oppression, which are entrenched within and perpetuated by social institutions. Actionable items from these reflections are presented to help future practitioners and educators apply cultural humility, community empowerment, and critical theory in QI projects.
Helminths of the rock lizards Darevskia dahli and D. armeniaca in their invaded range in Ukraine
Authors: Svitin R. , Marushchak O. , Dmytriieva I. , Dupak V. , Greben O. , Nechai A. , Syrota Y. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigated the helminths of the mixed invasive population of Darevskia armeniaca and D. dahli, collected during two field trips in Denyshy, Zhytomyr region, Ukraine, in 2023. In total, 67 adult lizards (35 D. armeniaca and 32 D. dahli) were examined. Molecular and morphological approaches were used to identify the parasites. The analyses revealed six helminth species, including four nematodes (Toxocara cati, Strongyloides darevskyi, Oswaldocruzia sp., and Spirurida gen. sp.), one trematode (Pleurogenes claviger), and one cestode (Mesocestoides litteratus). Toxocara cati had the highest prevalence, found in cysts located primarily on the liver and in the body cavity of the hosts. The qualitative and quantitative comparative assessment of the helminth community suggests that, due to the introduction of these lizards, most helminth species from their native range have been lost. Additionally, most local helminth species have not yet adapted to parasitising these lizards as normal hosts of their life cycle.
Pashto preverbs, III. Compound verbs with preverb
Authors: de Chiara Matteo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article, the third in a series, focuses on the “living” preverbs used in the verbal system of contemporary Pashto. The verbs treated here belong to the “compound verbs with preverb” class or to the “mixed verbs with preverb” class: verbs that replace the wə́- of the simple verbs with another preverb. This class of verbs represents a closed set, and a complete list of these verbs can be investigated systematically and exhaustively. This subject is as yet unexamined and its implications for the interpretation of contemporary Pashto verbal morphology are particularly stimulating.
Digital health technology use in Australian general practice (GP) consultations: a cross-sectional analysis of the medicine in Australia: balancing employment and life study
Authors: Tran Michael , Rhee Joel , Blazek Katrina , Balasooriya Chinthaka , Vuong Kylie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and objective:
The use of technology including digital decision support tools has become more ubiquitous in general practice. Australian GPs’ use of digital decision support tools, the sentiments, and associations with practitioner and practice characteristics. Positive and negative sentiments were considered facilitators and barriers to the uptake of digital decision support tools.

Methods:
Secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study was undertaken with data from the Medicine in Australia: Balancing Employment and Life (MABEL) survey was analysed. 3,126 GPs responded from a total of 27,829 participants representing all types of physicians, surveyed in September 2018. Descriptive statistics was used to examine facilitators and barriers to GP uptake of digital decision support tools, and multivariable logistic regression was used to examine its associations with practitioner and practice characteristics.

Results:
2240 GPs in this study (83.8%) reported using digital decision support tools with largely positive sentiments regarding technology use in consultations. Reservations include privacy concerns, system incompatibility, and lack of support. Those using digital decision support tools were more likely to be female, younger and bulk-billing.

Discussion:
Perceived facilitators of digital decision support tools in Australian general practice include improvements in patient outcomes, satisfaction, care processes, and saving time. Barriers include concerns about data privacy, lack of support, incompatibility, and being time-consuming. There was higher uptake amongst bulk-billing and female practitioners. Further research on the clinical usefulness of digital decision support tools and its impact on decision-making in general practice would be of value.
Using the Intersectional Approach to Social Policy to Investigate the Adult Worker Model
Authors: Saxonberg Steven 
Published: February 2025

Abstarct
In this thematic issue, the authors explore family policies in seven different countries: Hungary, Hong Kong, Lithuania, Romania, Taiwan, Turkey, and the UK. A common theme is that in analysing these policies, we need to take into account more than gender, but rather we need to also consider issues such as class, poverty, religion, and the use of migrant workers. Thus, these countries have all been moving away from the traditional male breadwinner model; however, the adult-worker model is also inadequate for describing the nuances of these countries’ policies. Instead, an intersectional approach makes more sense, combining gender with the other important socioeconomic issues just mentioned.
Islamic doctrine and women's economic rights: implications of an ambiguous relationship for state policy in the Muslim world
Authors: Rahman Fatima Z. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Islam provides counteracting rules on women's economic rights. In order to understand the effect of the opposing rules in Islamic doctrine on women's economic rights at the state level, I test the relationship, along with a set of competing hypotheses. Using data from 1990 to 2014 on the population of Muslim-majority states, I employ a multilevel mixed-effects linear regression model. I find that at the state level, Islam is not a major influence on women's economic rights. However, other cultural and economic factors are strong predictors. To better understand the causal mechanisms linking the predictors to women's economic rights, I employ a most similar systems case study, comparing Jordan and Morocco. These cases are selected because they share many similarities, yet have contrasting records on women's economic rights. The case study reveals that Arab states that can overcome the dominance of patriarchal interests in the policymaking process are better positioned to advance women's economic rights.
Who leads the flock? Religion and the radical right among Brazilian migrants
Authors: Boas Taylor C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Brazilians in the United States voted overwhelmingly for right-wing populist Jair Bolsonaro in 2022. What role did religion play? Based on exit polling, focus groups, and observation of local Brazilian churches, this article explores how Christianity drives support for right-wing populism among Brazilian migrants to the Boston area. Christians, and especially evangelicals, are significantly more likely to vote for Bolsonaro, and the priests and pastors of Brazilian migrant churches are particularly willing to discuss parties and candidates. Yet neither clergy endorsements nor political conversations at church explain this religious effect. I argue that indirect influence within congregations, which reinforces a conservative worldview in non-overtly political ways, helps explain why most observant evangelicals favor Bolsonaro. Migrants potentially influence the voting behavior of friends and family in Brazil, including via transnational religious communities, so their political attitudes can help bolster authoritarian populism in the homeland, as also seen in India and Turkey.