bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Happy Birthday, Freiwilliges Soziales Jahr
Authors: Brombach Hartmut , Feyer Natascha Jessica , Mangold Katharina , von Ilten Juliane 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungIn dem am 17. August 1964 vom Deutschen Bundestag verabschiedeten FSJ-Gesetz wird das „Freiwillige Soziale Jahr“ (FSJ) in Deutschland erstmals gesetzlich geregelt und feiert somit in diesem Sommer den 60. Geburtstag. Allerdings gab es diese Form des Freiwilligendienstes schon seit den 1950er-Jahren, als auf Initiative des evangelischen Landesbischofs von Bayern, Hermann Dietzfelbinger, unter dem Slogan „Gib ein Jahr“ ein Freiwilligenjahr propagiert wurde, aus dem später das „Diakonische Jahr“ wurde. Am 15. Mai 2024 würdigte Bundespräsident Steinmeier in seiner Rede zum Jubiläum von 70 Jahren Diakonisches Jahr und 60 Jahres Freiwilliges Soziales Jahr den Einsatz von Freiwilligen sowie Trägern und betont, dass Freiwilligendienste den Zusammenhalt in unserer Gesellschaft stärken. Dieser Schwerpunkt zum 60. Geburtstag des FSJ richtet den Blick in dessen Vergangenheit und Zukunft. Welche Entwicklungen und Veränderungen haben stattgefunden und finden immer noch statt? Was bedeutet dies für das Feld der Freiwilligendienstbegleitung und für die Felder Sozialer Arbeit, in denen viele FSJler_innen tätig sind?
The Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale (BSAS): factor structure, longitudinal measurement invariance, and temporal stability across a two-year interval
Authors: Gomez Rapson , Stavropoulos Vasileios , Brown Taylor 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale (BSAS; Andreassen et al., 2015) is a theory driven self-rating questionnaire for assessing shopping addiction. The current study employed Confirmatory Factor Analysis to examine its factor structure, and its longitudinal measurement invariance among adult participants (N = 276) aged 18 to 62 years (mean = 31.86 years; SD = 9.94 years) over a two-year period, with assessments conducted at three time points. Overall, there was support for full measurement invariance (configural, metric, scalar, and error variance invariance). Additionally, there was support for temporal stability and equivalency for the BSAS total mean scores across the three time points. The psychometric and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
Developing a dynamic/adaptive geofencing algorithm for HVTT cargo security in road transport
Authors: Kuna Jakub , Czerwiński Dariusz , Janicki Wojciech , Filipek Piotr 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCargo security is one of the most critical issues in modern logistics. For high-value theft-targeted (HVTT) cargo the driving phase of transportation takes up a major part of thefts. Dozen fleet management solutions based on GNSS positioning were introduced in recent years. Existing tracking solutions barely meet the requirements of TAPA 2020. Map-matching algorithms present valuable ideas on handling GNSS inaccuracy, however, universal map-matching methods are overcomplicated. Commercial map data providers require additional fees for the use of real-time map-matching functionality. In addition, at the map-matching stage, information on the actual distance from which the raw data was captured is lost. In HVTT security, the distance between the raw GNSS position and map-matched position can be used as a quantitative security factor. The goal of this research was to provide empirical data for TAPA TSR 2020 Level 1 certification in terms of tracking vehicles during typical operating conditions (cargo loading, routing, transportation, stopover, unloading) as well as detecting any geofencing violations. The Dynamic Geofencing Algorithm (DGA) presented in this article was developed for this specific purpose and this is the first known pulication to examine TAPA Standarization in terms of cargo positioning and fleet monitoring. The DGA is adaptive geometric-based matching (alternately curve-to-curve, point-to-curve, point-to-point). The idea behind the algorithm is to detect and eliminate the atypical matching circumstances—namely if the raw position is registered at one of the exceptions described in the paper. The problem of dynamic/adaptive cartographic projection is also addressed so that the robus Euclidean calculactions could be used in global scale.
Self-harm, Suicide, and ICD-11 Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Treatment-Seeking Adolescents with Major Depression
Authors: Liu Huanzhong , Ho Grace W.K. , Karatzias Thanos , Shevlin Mark , Wong Kwan Ho , Hyland Philip 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is linked with self-harm and suicide, but few studies have examined these severe outcomes in relation to complex trauma. This study examined the associations between self-harm and suicide-related phenomena with ICD-11 complex PTSD (CPTSD) among treatment-seeking youths. A convenience sample of 109 adolescents with major depression (69.7% female; mean age = 15.24) were recruited from an outpatient psychiatric clinic. Participants completed measures for ICD-11 CPTSD, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), self-harm behaviors, and past-year history of four suicide-related phenomena. Relationships between each self-harm and suicide-related variable with CPTSD were assessed at the symptom and diagnostic levels. Participants reported an average of three ACEs; 33.9% met diagnostic requirements for ICD-11 CPTSD. Past-year suicidal thought and attempt, but not self-harm, significantly associated with CPTSD status. At the symptom level, self-harm associated with CPTSD total symptom and all symptom clusters scores, with strongest associations found with symptoms of negative self-concept. CPTSD total symptom scores also associated strongly with past-year history of suicidal thought, plan, and attempt; the three core PTSD symptom clusters scores consistently and strongly linked with these suicide-related phenomena. For symptoms of complex trauma, relationship disturbances associated with having a suicide attempt, and negative self-concept associated with both having a plan and an attempt. Assessing and targeting ICD-11 CPTSD symptoms have potential to reduce self-harm and suicidality in young people experiencing mental distress, particularly for those with a trauma history and regardless of whether they meet criteria for a diagnosable trauma response.
Pichia pastoris composition expressed aerolysin mutant of Aeromonas veronii as an oral vaccine evaluated in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Yao Yuan-Yuan , Zhang Qing-Shuang , Liu Shu-Bin , Yang Hong-Wei , Chen Xing-Yu , Yang Ya-Lin , Gao Chen-Chen , Ran Chao , Teame Tsegay , Zhang Zhen , Zhou Zhi-Gang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVaccines are one of the most practical means to stop the spreading of Aeromonas veronii in aquaculture. In this study, virulence factor aerolysin mutant NTaer which has lost its hemolytic activity was used as a target antigen. Pichia pastoris constitutive secretory expression NTaer (GS115-NTaer) was used as a potential safe oral vaccine to evaluate its effectiveness on zebrafish immunity. The result shows that vaccination of GS115- NTaer for four weeks did not affect the growth performance of the host, while eliciting an effective immune protective response. Compared with the control group, the GS115-NTaer could significantly up-regulate the relative expression level of the intestinal tight junction protein 1α (TJP1α) gene, and significantly increased the contents of lysozyme (LYZ), complement C3 and C4 in the gut, indicating that the innate immune response of the fish was activated. The relative gene expression levels of macrophage-expressed gene 1 (MPEG1) and T cell receptor (TCR-α) in the gut, and MPEG1, CD4, CD8, TCR-α, GATA3, and T-bet in the spleen were all increased significantly, indicating that the cellular immune response of the fish was activated. Furthermore, the contents of serum IgM and intestinal mucosa IgZ antibodies were significantly increased, which showed that humoral immunity was also activated. Moreover, inoculation with GS115-NTaer significantly changed the structure of gut microbiota. In particular, the relative ratio of (Firmicutes + Fusobacteriota + Bacteroidota)/Proteobacteria was significantly higher than that of the control and GS115 groups. Lastly, the vaccinated fish were challenged with A. veronii, and the relative percent survival of GS115 and the GS115-NTear groups was 14.28% and 33.43%. This improvement of immunity was not only due to the specific immune response but also attributed to the improvement of innate immunity and the gut microbiota which was demonstrated by the germ-free zebrafish model. Collectively, this study provides information on the effectiveness of GS115-NTear as an oral vaccine for the green prevention and control of A. veronii infection in fish aquaculture.
Lessons from Canada for green procurement strategy design
Authors: Migone A. , Howlett M. , Howlett A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe derive lessons for green public procurement (GPP) by examining it in the context of Canadian federal government expenditures in several sectors. These show that successful GPP is neither simple nor automatic but requires alignment of green policy visions between payers, purchasers and producers, and the existence of appropriate procurement frameworks to allow this alignment to persist. Attaining and maintaining this alignment longitudinally is especially difficult as priorities, and governments can change over time, ‘de-aligning’ any initial agreement on the merits of the strategy behind ‘strategic procurement’ of any kind. While less acute for short-term procurement, this problem exists for many longer-term green procurement projects and can lead to government attempts to downplay long-term efforts and seek less complex short-term purchases where alignment is easier to establish and maintain but where green efforts may be less impactful. These dynamics are illustrated in the case of green procurement efforts made in Canadian federal programmes including the little-examined but important defence sector.
Ballot Roll-Off in the 2021 Alberta Senate Nominee Election: Political Identities and Participation Patterns
Authors: McGregor R. Michael , Lucas Jack 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn 2021, Alberta held Senate nominee elections for the fifth time in the province's history. Conducted concurrently with municipal elections and multiple referenda/plebiscites, the Senate race had a much lower participation rate than any of the other votes held that day. The purpose of this research note is to identify patterns of ballot roll-off—the phenomenon whereby electors cast a ballot for one race but not another—in the Senate election. Using data from a three-wave survey of Calgarians, the note describes the attitudes of electors toward the Senate election, revealing that electors viewed it as less important than any of the other votes contested that day. It also considers the role of partisan and geographic identities in shaping participation rates. Survey data reveal that both types of identities are associated with roll-off in the Senate election but not any of the other votes with which it was held concurrently.
Earthquakes Trigger Rapid Flash Boiling Front at Optimal Geologic Conditions
Authors: Sanchez‐Alfaro P. , Wallis I. , Iturrieta P. , Rowland J. , Dempsey D. , O’Sullivan J. , Reich M. , Cembrano J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe interplay between seismic activity and fluid flow is essential during the evolution of hydrothermal systems. Although earthquakes can trigger transient fluid flow and phase changes in dilational jogs, the temporal scale and the geologic conditions that enhance such process are poorly quantified. Here, we use numerical simulations of deformation and fluid flow to constrain the conditions that maximize adiabatic boiling—referred to as flashing—and estimate the extent and duration of such process. We show that there is an optimal geometry for a dilational jog that maximizes co‐seismic flashing within the jog. Fluid flow simulations indicate that the duration, intensity, and propagation of the flashing front are limited and highly dependent on the magnitude of the co‐seismic slip and the initial pressure‐enthalpy conditions. Our results are valuable to better understand the implications of pressure fluctuations during the seismogenic cycle, as well the mineralization processes in the Earth's crust.
Methane in Two Stream Networks: Similar Contributions From Groundwater and Local Sediments While Oxidation Was a Large Sink Controlling Atmospheric Emissions
Authors: Balathandayuthabani S. , Panneer Selvam B. , Gålfalk M. , Saetre P. , Peura S. , Kautsky U. , Klemedtsson L. , Arunachalam L. , Vellingiri G. , Bastviken D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStreams are important sources of methane (CH4) to the atmosphere but magnitudes and regulation of stream CH4 fluxes remain uncertain. Stream CH4 can come from groundwater and/or produced in anoxic sediments. A fraction can be microbially oxidized to carbon dioxide (CO2) when passing redox gradients in soil, sediment, or water, while the fraction escaping oxidation is emitted to the atmosphere. The relative importance of the CH4 sources (groundwater inputs vs. sediment production) and the fraction oxidized is typically unknown, yet key for the regulation and magnitude of stream emissions. In this study, we followed the transport of CH4 from below‐stream soils to the stream water surface and to the atmosphere using a combination of CH4 concentration and stable carbon isotope gradient measurements, high resolution stream flux and discharge assessments, and inverse mass‐balance modeling. Sampling was done in multiple locations in the stream network of two independent catchments in Sweden to consider spatial variability. We show that the surface water, sub‐surface, and groundwater CH4 concentration, CH4 oxidation, and emission were highly variable in space. Our results indicate that the variability could be related to stream morphology and soil characteristics. Of the total CH4 input into the streams, roughly half of it was estimated to come from groundwater CH4 in both catchments (39% and 57%; the rest from sediment production), and most of the CH4 was oxidized (97%–99%) before emission to the atmosphere. Our results indicate that CH4 oxidation is a major sink for CH4 in the studied streams.
Time Constraints on the Late Cenozoic Fault Evolution Along the Northern Margin of the Iranian Plateau in the Arabia‐Eurasia Collision Zone
Authors: Khodaparast Sedigheh , Madanipour Saeed , Enkelmann Eva , Hessami Khaled , Nozaem Reza 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe collisional Iranian Plateau and its recent kinematic evolution represent a natural example to study the intraplate response to the transferred deformation from an active convergent plate margin. The late Cenozoic deformation and structural evolution of the Plateau is not well understood. Here, we integrate structural, tectonostratigraphic, and morphotectonic field observations with low‐temperature thermochronometric data along the NW‐SE trending Kushk‐e‐Nosrat (KN) Fault to unravel the exhumation history and the kinematic change at the northwestern boundary of the Iranian Plateau. We found different sets of strike‐slip related structures along the KN Fault zone, which are classified into four categories based on their cross‐cutting relations and the superimposition of kinematic indicators. These include dextral transtension, dextral, dextral transpression, and sinistral kinematics. The unreset zircon (U‐Th)/He and apatite fission track results and the reset apatite (U‐Th)/He data from the restraining area along the KN Fault suggest 80–60°C of cooling during the early Miocene (∼20–18 Ma) and late Miocene–early Pliocene (∼7–5 Ma) due to dextral and dextral transpressional kinematics along the KN Fault zone, respectively. The dextral transtentional faulting was recorded as deposition of the Qom Formation within the releasing overlap areas along the KN Fault at >20–18 Ma. The kinematics of the KN Fault changed to sinistral during Pliocene–Quaternary times presumably triggered by the simultaneous clockwise rotation of central Iran, Alborz Mountains, and the South Caspian block. Our study proposes that the morphological and tectonostratigraphic evolution of the northern margin of the Iranian Plateau has mainly been controlled through local uplift and exhumation in restraining areas and local thick deposition in releasing areas of the major strike‐slip faults during the late Cenozoic time.
Exploring Uplift Mechanisms Across the Forearc of a Subduction System: Karpathos Island as a Natural Transect Across the Eastern Hellenic Margin
Authors: Veliz‐Borel Violeta , Mouslopoulou Vasiliki , Glodny Johannes , Begg John , Metzger Sabrina , Sakellariou Dimitris , Oncken Onno 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSets of marine terraces, sediments, and paleoshorelines are commonly found in forearc regions worldwide. A common assumption holds that crustal uplift prevents these features from littoral erosion. Here, we study the vertical deformation of Karpathos, a forearc island in the eastern Mediterranean, whose long axis extends at a high angle to the strike of the Hellenic Subduction System (HSS). We target three key coastal localities along the island to discuss spatial and temporal variability of vertical motion. We mapped sets of up to 19 marine terraces per locality, with elevations ranging from 1.5 to ∼350 masl. Ages for terraces and sediments are constrained by radiocarbon (<31 masl) and Sr‐isotope (2–310 masl) dating, and range from 2.4 ka to ∼4.3 Ma. Data analysis shows that average uplift rates are up to two orders of magnitude faster over shorter (⪅100 ka) than longer (⪆100 ka) timescales, in agreement with other local and global data sets. Further, we find evidence for multiple marine reoccupations of late Pleistocene terraces, indicating that carbonate beachrock is often resistant to multiple interactions with sea‐level. Neogene marine sequences that witness longer periods (∼4 Ma) show signs of alternating vertical motion. Using this novel data set, we explore the effects of various mechanisms (i.e., upper‐plate normal faulting, splay‐thrust faulting, basal underplating) on the spatial and temporal patterns of vertical deformation. Although the contribution of each mechanism to the net vertical deformation cannot be isolated with certainty, our results show that none alone could account for the observations.
Ongoing Activity at Hunga Submarine Volcano, Tonga: The Case for Better Monitoring of Submarine Volcanoes Worldwide
Authors: Walker Sharon L. , de Ronde Cornel E. J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe powerful eruption of Hunga volcano (15‐January‐2022) excavated ∼6.3 km3 of pre‐existing material, leaving behind an 855 m deep crater. The scientific and humanitarian response to this event was challenging due to the remote location, safety concerns, and COVID‐19 pandemic restrictions. To investigate the status of ongoing eruptive/hydrothermal activity, this study used, for the first time, an un‐crewed surface vessel operated remotely from >16,000 km away to make direct water column measurements within the crater and map its structure in detail. Intense turbidity and oxidation‐reduction potential (ORP) anomalies located ongoing activity at sites on the steep inside crater slopes near both remaining islands. Mid‐water acoustic reflectors indicated ongoing degassing, and positive ORP anomalies suggested gas composition was dominated by CO2. At least 75% of the crater rim is shallower than 100 m, so any exchange with the surrounding ocean is limited by the depths of breaches in the rim (185 m between the islands and 290 m on the ENE side). This post‐eruption bathymetry results in accumulation of emission products within the deep crater. There were no indications of the ongoing activity visible at the ocean surface, which highlights the limitations and inherent biases associated with relying on discolored surface water and/or atmospheric disturbances to determine eruption start/end dates at submarine volcanoes. This study demonstrates the value and need to add repeat hydrothermal plume and bathymetric surveys to our toolbox for monitoring submarine volcanoes, and the potential for un‐crewed, remotely operated vessels to contribute significantly to these efforts.
Charge Structure and Lightning Discharge in a Thunderstorm Over the Central Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Liu Dongxia , Li Fengquan , Qie Xiushu , Sun Zhuling , Wang Yu , Yuan Shanfeng , Sun Chunfa , Zhu Kexin , Wei Lei , Lyu Huimin , Jiang Rubin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe evolution of charge structure involved in lightning discharge of a thunderstorm over the central Tibetan Plateau is investigated for the first time, based on the data from very high frequency interferometer, radar and sounding. During the developing‐mature stage, the TP thunderstorm exhibited a tripolar charge structure evolved from an initial inverted dipole. At the mature stage, a bottom‐heavy tripole charge structure is clearly presented, with a strong lower positive charge center (LPCC) at temperatures above −10°C, a middle negative charge region between −30°C and −15°C, and an upper positive charge region at T < −30°C. As the LPCC was depleted, the charge structure evolved into a normal tripole with a pocket LPCC. The merging between different convective cells resulted in the formation of two adjacent negative charge regions located directly and obliquely above the LPCC, and horizontally arranged different charge regions were simultaneously involved in the same lightning discharge.
A Statistical Study of the Vertical Scale Height of the Martian Ionosphere Using MAVEN Observations
Authors: Liu Wendong , Liu Libo , Chen Yiding , Le Huijun , Yang Yuyan , Li Wenbo , Ma Han , Zhang Hui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Vertical Scale Height (VSH) is a crucial parameter that describes the shape of the ionospheric electron density profile. Evidence suggests a complex relationship between VSH and the thermal structure and dynamics of the ionosphere. A statistical study was conducted on the VSH at low altitudes (175 km) and high altitudes (300 km) in the Martian ionosphere, using data from the MAVEN observations from 2014 to 2023. The results suggest that the influence of the crustal magnetic field on VSH175 is more pronounced than on VSH300. VSH175 shows a minor peak around −20° latitudes, which is more than 7% higher than the average value, and an increasing trend with latitude in the northern hemisphere. VSH300 is higher in the southern hemisphere than in the northern hemisphere, especially in summer, by approximately 42.1%. Regarding the local time variation of VSH, we observed an increasing trend from midnight to morning and a decreasing trend from dusk to midnight in almost all conditions. The local time variation of VSH also exhibits seasonal and latitudinal dependence. These variations have different levels of consistency with the gradient of the electron temperature (Te) and the collision frequency between charged particles and neutrals. Specifically, the correlation coefficient between VSH175 and the collision frequency between charged particles and neutrals reaches as high as 0.93 in the northern hemisphere winter and southern hemisphere summer. The correlation coefficient between VSH300 and the gradient of the Te reaches up to 0.72 in the southern hemisphere equinox.