bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antitumor Molecular Mechanism of Chlorogenic Acid on Inducting Genes GSK-3βand APC and Inhibiting Geneβ-Catenin
Authors: Xu Ruoshi , Kang Qiumei , Ren Jie , Li Zukun , Xu Xiaoping 
Published: June 2013

Objective.Inhibiting geneβ-catenin and inducting genes GSK-3βand APC, promoting the tumor cell apoptosis in Wnt pathway, by chlorogenic acid were discussed (CGA).Method.The different genes were scanned by the 4*44K mouse microarray chips. The effect of the three genes was confirmed by RT-PCR technique with CGA dosage of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg.Result.The expression of GSK-3βand APC was upregulated in group of 20 mg/kg dosage (P<0.05) and the expression ofβ-catenin was downregulated in the same dosage (P<0.05).Conclusion.The results infer that the multimeric protein complex ofβ-catenin could be increased by CGA upregulated genes GSK-3βand APC, which could inhibit the freeβ-catenin into the nucleus to connect with TCF. So the transcriptional expression of the target genes will be cut to abnormal cell proliferation. It is probably one of the ways that can stop the tumor increase by CGA.Corrigendum to “Antitumor Molecular Mechanism of Chlorogenic Acid on Inducting Genes GSK-3βand APC and Inhibiting Geneβ-Catenin”
The Long-Term Multicenter Observational Study of Dabigatran Treatment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (RELY-ABLE) Study
Authors: Connolly Stuart J. , Wallentin Lars , Ezekowitz Michael D. , Eikelboom John , Oldgren Jonas , Reilly Paul A. , Brueckmann Martina , Pogue Janice , Alings Marco , Amerena John V. , Avezum Alvaro , Baumgartner Iris , Budaj Andrzej J. , Chen Jyh-Hong , Dans Antonio L. , Darius Harald , Di Pasquale Giuseppe , Ferreira Jorge , Flaker Greg C. , Flather Marcus D. , Franzosi Maria Grazia , Golitsyn Sergey P. , Halon David A. , Heidbuchel Hein , Hohnloser Stefan H. , Huber Kurt , Jansky Petr , Kamensky Gabriel , Keltai Matyas , Kim Sung Soon , Lau Chu-Pak , Le Heuzey Jean-Yves , Lewis Basil S. , Liu Lisheng , Nanas John , Omar Razali , Pais Prem , Pedersen Knud E. , Piegas Leopoldo S. , Raev Dimitar , Smith Pal J. , Talajic Mario , Tan Ru San , Tanomsup Supachai , Toivonen Lauri , Vinereanu Dragos , Xavier Denis , Zhu Jun , Wang Susan Q. , Duffy Christine O. , Themeles Ellison , Yusuf Salim 
Published: June 2013

Background—
During follow-up of between 1 and 3 years in the Randomized Evaluation of Long-term Anticoagulation Therapy (RE-LY) trial, 2 doses of dabigatran etexilate were shown to be effective and safe for the prevention of stroke or systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation. There is a need for longer-term follow-up of patients on dabigatran and for further data comparing the 2 dabigatran doses.

Methods and Results—
Patients randomly assigned to dabigatran in RE-LY were eligible for the Long-term Multicenter Extension of Dabigatran Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (RELY-ABLE) trial if they had not permanently discontinued study medication at the time of their final RE-LY study visit. Enrolled patients continued to receive the double-blind dabigatran dose received in RE-LY, for up to 28 months of follow up after RE-LY (median follow-up, 2.3 years). There were 5851 patients enrolled, representing 48% of patients originally randomly assigned to receive dabigatran in RE-LY and 86% of RELY-ABLE–eligible patients. Rates of stroke or systemic embolism were 1.46% and 1.60%/y on dabigatran 150 and 110 mg twice daily, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.69–1.20). Rates of major hemorrhage were 3.74% and 2.99%/y on dabigatran 150 and 110 mg (hazard ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.04–1.53). Rates of death were 3.02% and 3.10%/y (hazard ratio, 0.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.80–1.19). Rates of hemorrhagic stroke were 0.13% and 0.14%/y.

Conclusions—
During 2.3 years of continued treatment with dabigatran after RE-LY, there was a higher rate of major bleeding with dabigatran 150 mg twice daily in comparison with 110 mg, and similar rates of stroke and death.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00808067.
Outcomes of Urgent Warfarin Reversal With Frozen Plasma Versus Prothrombin Complex Concentrate in the Emergency Department
Authors: Hickey Michael , Gatien Mathieu , Taljaard Monica , Aujnarain Amiirah , Giulivi Antonio , Perry Jeffrey J. 
Published: June 2013

Backround—
Physicians reverse patients’ warfarin anticoagulation with frozen plasma or prothrombin complex concentrate. Our objective was to determine adverse event frequency after urgent reversal with frozen plasma versus the prothrombin complex concentrate Octaplex.

Methods and Results—

This natural before-after retrospective cohort study in 2 tertiary care emergency departments compared anticoagulation reversal with frozen plasma (September 2006–August 2008) and with Octaplex (September 2008–August 2010), without other system changes. We included adult patients on warfarin with an international normalized ratio ≥1.5 who received frozen plasma or Octaplex. Our primary outcome was serious adverse events (death, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, venous thromboembolism, or peripheral arterial thromboembolism) within 7 days. Secondary outcomes included time to international normalized ratio reversal, hospital length of stay, and red blood cells transfused within 48 hours. We included 149 patients receiving frozen plasma and 165 receiving Octaplex. The incidence of serious adverse events for the frozen plasma group was 19.5% compared with 9.7% for the Octaplex group (
P
=0.014; relative risk, 2.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.1–3.5). This remained significant after adjustment for baseline history and reason for treatment (
P
=0.038; adjusted relative risk, 1.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–3.3) in multivariable regression analysis. Median international normalized ratio reversal was 11.8 hours with frozen plasma and 5.7 hours with Octaplex (
P
<0.0001). Mean red cell transfusion was 3.2 with frozen plasma and 1.4 with Octaplex (
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions—
Octaplex for urgent reversal of warfarin resulted in faster reversal and lower red cell transfusion requirement with fewer adverse events than frozen plasma.
New littoral, shelf, and bathyal Paratanaidae (Crustacea: Peracarida: Tanaidacea) from New Zealand, with descriptions of three new genera
Authors: BIRD GRAHAM J. , BAMBER ROGER N. 
Published: June 2013

Three new genera, Acallocheirus, Aparatanais, and Penteparatanais, and seven new species of the paratanaid subfamily Paratanaidinae are described from New Zealand. New records of three previously known species Atemtanais taikaha, Paratanais paraoa, and P. tara, are also given. Paratanais denticulatus, P. intermedius, P. malignus, P. spinanotandus,and P. vicentetis are transferred to Aparatanais. A key is given to all paratanaidin genera and the NZ Paratanais species. In NZ waters, paratanaids are now known from the littoral zone to 908 m in the bathyal regions of the Chatham Rise and Hikurangi Margin, several of the offshore species being recorded in bryozoan mats. All but one appear to be endemic but may have sibling species elsewhere, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere. Supplementary notes are given on two Aus­tralian species P. maleficus and P. perturbatius that clarify their description and diagnostic characters.
Higher circulating bile acid concentrations in obese patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Vincent Royce P , Omar Sohail , Ghozlan Samer , Taylor David R , Cross Gemma , Sherwood Roy A , Fandriks Lars , Olbers Torsten , Werling Malin , Alaghband-Zadeh Jamshid , Roux Carel W le 
Published: June 2013

Background Bile acids (BAs) play an important role in releasing incretin hormones via the enteroendocrine L-cell surface TGR5 receptors. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference in BA concentration at baseline and in response to a meal stimulus between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and a matched normoglycaemic group. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study of 12 patients with known T2DM and 12 matched normoglycaemic controls compared BA fractions after an overnight fast and following a standard meal. Results The T2DM group had higher baseline glucose (P < 0.001), but baseline total BA, total glycine conjugated BAs (GCBA) and total taurine conjugated BA (TCBA) were similar between both groups. The T2DM group compared to the normoglycaemic group had a higher post-prandial peak change in total BAs 4.28 (3.51–5.38) µmol/L vs. 0.88 (0.60–1.57) µmol/L ( P < 0.001) and peak total GCBA 2.77 (1.07–4.19) µmol/L vs. 0.94 (0.34–1.15) µmol/L ( P < 0.0001), but similar peak total TCBA 0.36 (0.02–0.76) µmol/L vs. 0.08 (0.04–0.22) µmol/L ( P=0.91). Conclusion The post-prandial bile acid response is elevated in obese patients with T2DM compared to matched normoglycaemic individuals.
Potential of a simple variational analysis in predicting shear modulus of laminates with cracks in 90-layers
Authors: Giannadakis Konstantinos , Varna Janis 
Published: June 2013

The potential of accurate modelling of the shear modulus reduction of laminates with cracked 90-layers using models based on the minimization of the complementary energy with improved stress description in the constraint layers is evaluated. This group of models refine Hashin’s model by introducing shape functions with unknown parameters to represent the out-of-plane shear stress distribution across the constraint layer thickness. The Hashin’s model becomes a particular case of the presented when the shape parameter approaches to zero. The most accurate shape parameters are found in the result of minimization. Three models are compared: the present variational model, Hashin’s model and the shear lag model introduced by Soutis which assumes linear out-of-plane shear stress distribution over an unknown part of the layer. It is shown in this paper that the size of this part may be determined by minimization of the complementary energy. The present model is the most accurate amongst the three, whereas Soutis’ model is more accurate than the Hashin’s model for laminates with constraint layer, thicker than the cracked layer. The comparison with finite element method results shows reasonable agreement. Agreement can be improved developing models with better description of the stress state in the cracked layer.
Genetic Analysis through OtoSeq of Pakistani Families Segregating Prelingual Hearing Loss
Authors: Shahzad Mohsin , Sivakumaran Theru A. , Qaiser Tanveer A. , Schultz Julie M. , Hussain Zawar , Flanagan Megan , Bhinder Munir A. , Kissell Diane , Greinwald John H. , Khan Shaheen N. , Friedman Thomas B. , Zhang Kejian , Riazuddin Saima , Riazuddin Sheikh , Ahmed Zubair M. 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveTo identify the genetic cause of prelingual sensorineural hearing loss in Pakistani families using a next‐generation sequencing (NGS)–based mutation screening test named OtoSeq.Study DesignProspective study.SettingResearch laboratory.Subjects and MethodsWe used 3 fluorescently labeled short tandem repeat (STR) markers for each of the known autosomal recessive nonsyndromic (DFNB) and Usher syndrome (USH) locus to perform a linkage analysis of 243 multigenerational Pakistani families segregating prelingual hearing loss. After genotyping, we focused on 34 families with potential linkage to MYO7A, CDH23, and SLC26A4. We screened affected individuals from a subset of these families using the OtoSeq platform to identify underlying genetic variants. Sanger sequencing was performed to confirm and study the segregation of mutations in other family members. For novel mutations, normal hearing individuals from ethnically matched backgrounds were also tested.ResultsHearing loss was found to co‐segregate with locus‐specific STR markers for MYO7A in 32 families, CDH23 in 1 family, and SLC26A4 in 1 family. Using the OtoSeq platform, a microdroplet PCR‐based enrichment followed by NGS, we identified mutations in 28 of the 34 families including 11 novel mutations. Sanger sequencing of these mutations showed 100% concordance with NGS data and co‐segregation of the mutant alleles with the hearing loss phenotype in the respective families.ConclusionUsing NGS‐based platforms like OtoSeq in families segregating hearing loss will contribute to the identification of common and population‐specific mutations, early diagnosis, genetic counseling, and molecular epidemiology.
Video Laryngoscopy is Associated With Increased First Pass Success and Decreased Rate of Esophageal Intubations During Urgent Endotracheal Intubation in a Medical Intensive Care Unit When Compared to Direct Laryngoscopy
Authors: Lakticova Viera , Koenig Seth J. , Narasimhan Mangala , Mayo Paul H. 
Published: June 2013

Background: To compare the complication rates of urgent endotracheal intubation (UEI) performed by pulmonary critical care medicine (PCCM) fellows and attending intensivists using a direct laryngoscope (DL) versus a video laryngoscope (VL) in a medical intensive care unit (MICU). Methods: We studied all UEIs performed from November 2008 through July 2012 in an 18-bed MICU in a university-affiliated hospital. All UEIs were performed by 15 PCCM fellows or attending intensivists using only the DL from November 2008 through February 2010 and the VL from March 2010 to July 2012. Throughout the entire study period, the UEI team leader recorded complications of the procedure using a standard data collection form immediately following the completion of the procedure. This permitted a comparison of complication rates between the DL and the VL. Results: A total of 140 UEIs were performed using the DL and 252 using the VL. Using the DL, the esophageal intubation rate was 19% and the difficult intubation rate was 22%; using the VL, the esophageal intubation rate was 0.4% and the difficult intubation rate was 7%. There was no significant difference in the rate of severe hypotension, severe desaturation, aspiration, dental injury, airway injury, or death between the 2 groups. Conclusion: The use of the VL for UEI performed by PCCM fellows is associated with a reduction in the rate of esophageal intubation and difficult endotracheal intubation when compared to the use of the DL.
Cell-free repair of small cartilage defects in the Goettinger minipig: The effects of BMP-7 continuously released by poly(lactic-co-glycolid acid) microspheres
Authors: Gavenis Karsten , Heussen Nicole , Hofman Martijn , Andereya Stefan , Schneider Ulrich , Schmidt-Rohlfing Bernhard 
Published: June 2013

Objective Cartilage repair of full-thickness chondral defects in the knees of Goettinger minipigs was assessed after treatment with cell-free collagen type-I gel with or without additional BMP-7 loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolid acid) microspheres. Methods Two full-thickness chondral defects were created in the trochlear groove of one hind leg knee in six Goettinger minipigs. Six defects were treated with a cell-free collagen type-I gel plug of 10 mm, the corresponding six defects were treated with a cell-free collagen type-I plug with poly(lactic-co-glycolid acid) microspheres loaded with recombinant BMP-7 (100 ng/ml gel). After 1 year, the animals were sacrificed. Immediately after recovery, non-destructive biomechanical testing was performed. The repair tissue quality was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and the O’Driscoll score was calculated. Results After 1 year, a robust cellular migration into the cell-free collagen gel plugs occurred and a hyaline-like repair tissue was found. Collagen type-II production and cellular organisation were higher in the BMP-7 microsphere group. The determination of the E-modulus, creep and relaxation revealed that mechanical properties of the BMP-7 microsphere group in summary were closer to control hyaline cartilage. Conclusions While all specimens revealed a homogeneous cellular distribution, ECM production, cellular organisation and mechanical properties were enhanced by continuous BMP-7 release.
An audit of pharyngeal gonorrhoea treatment in a public sexual health clinic in Adelaide, South Australia
Authors: Hustig A , Bell C , Waddell R 
Published: June 2013

Summary In recent times there have been changes to guidelines regarding the management of gonorrhoea, from both the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2010 and the British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) in 2011. Coinciding with their release we conducted a clinical audit of our treatment protocol for gonorrhoea. In 2010, local data on the minimum inhibitory concentrations for Neisseria gonorrhoeae indicated an increase in local isolates that were less sensitive to ceftriaxone (11.6% c.f. 5.3% in 2009). We have a long history of using 250 mg of ceftriaxone to treat all standard sites of gonorrhoea infection followed with tests of cure in all cases. In a retrospective clinical audit of an 11-year period from 2000 up to and including 2010 we identified six test-of-cure failures over 11 years after treating a total of 215 patients with pharyngeal gonorrhoea.
HIV, hepatitis and syphilis prevalence and correlates of condom use during anal sex among men who have sex with men in the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Zohrabyan L , Johnston L , Scutelniciuc O , Iovita A , Todirascu L , Costin T , Plesca V , Cotelnic-Harea T , Ionascu G 
Published: June 2013

Summary Limited data on HIV prevalence and related risks among men who have sex with men (MSM) exist in the Republic of Moldova. In Chisinau and Balti, 188 and 209, respectively, men who reported having anal or oral sex in the last six months with another man, aged ≥16 years were recruited into a study in 2010 using respondent-driven sampling methods. MSM reported having multiple male and female partners and inconsistent condom use. In Chisinau, 2% of MSM were HIV seropositive, 3.7% had antibodies to hepatitis C (HCV), 5.7% had antibodies to hepatitis B (HBV) and 12.1% had syphilis. In Balti, less than 1% of MSM were HIV seropositive, 1.2% had antibodies to HCV, 3.2% had antibodies to HBV and only 0.5% had syphilis. MSM who used a condom at last anal sex with a man were less likely to reside in Chisinau, to have casual sex partners and to have had an HIV test in the last year and were more likely to know where to get an HIV test. Although HIV prevalence was low, MSM practice a number of risky sexual behaviours that may heighten the risk of further HIV transmission in this population and to the wider population.
History of intimate partner violence is associated with sex work but not sexually transmitted infection among HIV-positive female drinkers in Russia
Authors: Urada L A , Raj A , Cheng D M , Quinn E , Bridden C , Blokhina E A , Krupitsky E , Samet J H 
Published: June 2013

Summary This paper assesses the associations between intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and sexual risks among HIV-positive female drinkers in St Petersburg, Russia. Survey and STI data were analysed from 285 women in HERMITAGE, a secondary prevention study of HIV-positive heavy drinkers. Logistic and Poisson regression analyses assessed associations of IPV with STI and risky sex. Most women (78%) experienced IPV and 19% were STI positive; 15% sold sex. IPV was not significantly associated with STI, but was with selling sex (adjusted odds ratio = 3.56, 95% confidence interval = 1.02–12.43). In conclusion, IPV is common and associated with sex trade involvement among Russian HIV-positive female drinkers.
Assessing the quality of HIV/AIDS services at military health facilities in Zambia
Authors: Kim Y M , Banda J , Hiner C , Tholandi M , Bazant E , Sarkar S , Andrade A S A , Makwala C 
Published: June 2013

Summary After rapidly scaling up HIV/AIDS-related health services, the Zambian Defence Force (ZDF) has become concerned with assuring their quality. This evaluation assesses provider performance at eight ZDF facilities based on direct observations of 191 antenatal care (ANC) consultations and 175 follow-up consultations for antiretroviral therapy (ART). In addition, 43 ZDF health providers were interviewed about the work environment and service quality. On-the-job performance varied widely: providers completed as few as 0% and as many as 100% of tasks associated with each performance standard. Overall scores averaged 66% (range: 47–93%) for ANC consultations and 60% (range: 37–100%) for ART consultations. Perceptions of the work environment were generally positive, but 57% of providers lack confidence in their clinical skills and 42% think staffing is insufficient. These findings, which point to the unique opportunities and challenges in the military setting, will be used to guide a quality improvement initiative.
Determinants of generalized herpes simplex virus-2 epidemics: the role of sexual partner concurrency
Authors: Kenyon C , Colebunders R , Hens N 
Published: June 2013

Summary Little is known as to why some populations develop generalized herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) epidemics. Sexual network-level factors, such as the proportion of partnerships that run concurrently, are plausible explanations. In this ecological analysis, we used Spearman's correlation coefficients to assess if there is an association between population prevalence of point-concurrency and HSV-2 in a number of national and subnational populations. We found that there is an association between prevalence of point-concurrency and female HSV-2 prevalence between different countries (Spearman's rho = 0.715; P = 0.020), and within different races and ethnic groups within countries. In addition, there was a strong association between peak HIV and HSV-2 prevalence in 40–44-year-old women at an international level (Spearman's rho = 0.720; P = 0.0001). This could be indicative of populations with high HIV and HSV-2 prevalence rates having extensively connected sexual networks which puts them at increased risk of spread by both these sexually transmitted infections (STIs). No country with an HSV-2 prevalence of under 20% in their 20–24-year-old women had a generalized HIV epidemic. Thus, HSV-2 prevalence in adolescents may be a useful marker of how risky a local sexual network is for STI spread and may provide a useful early indicator of the success or failure of behavior change initiatives.
Is out-of-pocket cost a barrier to receiving repeat tests for chlamydia and gonorrhoea?
Authors: Shi L , Xie Y , Liu J , Kissinger P , Khan M 
Published: June 2013

Summary We aimed to examine whether out-of-pocket (OOP) costs associated with chlamydia (CT) and gonorrhoea (GC) screening tests is a barrier to receiving CT/GC re-screening and follow-up annual screening. A major health insurance claims database 2006–2010 was used for analysis. The date of first CT/GC diagnosis was used as the index date, and OOP costs at index date for screening tests were retrieved. A re-screening test and an annual screening were defined as tests that occurred within 90–180 days and 181–395 days of the index date, respectively. Re-screening rates were 11.7% and 10.9% and annual screening rates were 24.7% and 23.7% for CT and GC cases, respectively. Compared with the CT patients without OOP expenses, those with OOP expenses of $30 or higher had significantly reduced likelihood of receiving re-screening and annual screening. Similar results were found for GC patients. We concluded that OOP costs serve as a significant barrier to re-screening and annual screening.
Pulmonary cryptosporidiosis and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: a case report and review
Authors: Sullivan T , Reese L , Huprikar S , Lee M 
Published: June 2013

Summary Cryptosporidium rarely affects the lungs, and is not typically associated with the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). We describe the first published case of pulmonary IRIS following the initiation of antiretroviral therapy in a patient with AIDS and pulmonary cryptosporidiosis, and discuss its implications for HIV patient care.