bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human factors in farming—publishing the learning from accident reviews to influence farmers' behaviours and practices
Authors: Chris Polaczuk , Megan Nagel , Peter Hamilton Jones 
Published: October 2012

ObjectiveTo reduce injuries to farmers by sharing the learning gained from reviews of farm accidents using a human factors analysis tool.MethodsA group of farm consultants were trained in the Keil Centre's human factors analysis tool. They reviewed 23 farm accidents and prepared standard reports for entry into an Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC) database for analysis. Based on the reports 12 plain English stories were written using fictitious personal information to protect the farmers' privacy. The stories are being published in rural magazines, and used in radio interviews with farming representatives, to share the learning with the wider farming community. An independent survey was conducted to evaluate if the farmers concerned had changed their behaviours following these on-farm reviews, and to provide feedback on the usefulness of this approach.ResultsThe survey feedback from farmers was 95% positive. Most farmers found the reviews useful—they made them think differently and change practices and behaviours on their farms. Database analysis enabled ACC to identify common human factors that contribute to farm accidents with high numbers of ‘decision errors’ becoming apparent.ConclusionsThis project demonstrated that using a human factors analysis tool to review farm accidents provides useful insights, the publication of which provides an on-going means to influence farmers' behaviours and practices in the wider farming community.
Caring hands on harm's way: sharp injuries in hospital settings in United Arab Emirates
Authors: Shah S , Grivina M , Noura M , Farah A , Suwaidi S , Ameri D 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundSharp injuries predispose health care workers (HCWs) to serious infectious diseases. Data is lacking regarding sharp injuries among doctors and nurses working in trauma and surgical units in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).Aims/Objectives/PurposeTo identify the burden and cause of sharp injuries among health care workers.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted in Emergency, Intensive care unit, General Surgery, Orthopaedics and Obstetrics and Gynaecology departments of two major teaching hospitals Tawam and Al Ain hospitals in Al Ain, Abu Dhabi Emirate. Data on sharp injuries were collected using a pilot-tested self-administered questionnaire.Results/OutcomeOf the study sample of 550 doctors and nurses approached, 306 (55.6%) responded. The prevalence of sharp injuries was 12% among the participants. A higher proportion of doctors (23%) compared to nurses (7%) had sharp injuries. There was significant correlation between those who worked ≥12 h per shift and having sharp injury (p<0.003). Injuries were mostly caused by two devices; syringe needles and suture needles (40% each). About 65% of the injured believed that stress and long shift hours contributed to their injury. More nurses (87%) than doctors (50%) reported their injuries. Only 68.4% of doctors and 86.4% of nurses received annual sharp safety training.Significance/Contribution to the FieldA high proportion of health care workers in major hospital had sharp injuries. Doctors were less likely to receive sharp safety training compared to nurses. There is need for safety training targeting health care workers in surgical and trauma units.
Rail incident investigator training: is there support for a standardised Australasian training framework?
Authors: Banks T , Biggs H , Dovan N 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundHistorically rail organisations have been operating in silos and devising their own training agendas. However with the harmonisation of the Australian workplace health and safety legislation and the appointment of a national rail safety regulator in 2013, rail incident investigator experts are exploring the possibility of developing a unified approach to investigator training.ObjectivesThe Australian CRC for Rail Innovation commissioned a training needs analysis to identify if common training needs existed between organisations and to assess support for the development of a national competency framework for rail incident investigations.MethodFifty-two industry experts were consulted to explore the possibility of the development of a standardised training framework. These experts were sourced from within 19 Australasian organisations, comprising Rail Operators and Regulators in Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia, South Australia and New Zealand.ResultsAlthough some competency requirements appear to be organisation specific, the vast majority of reported training requirements were generic across the Australasian rail operators and regulators. Industry experts consistently reported strong support for the development of a national training framework.SignificanceThe identification of both generic training requirements across organisations and strong support for standardised training indicates that the rail industry is receptive to the development of a structured training framework. The development of an Australasian learning framework could: increase efficiency in course development and reduce costs; establish recognised career pathways; and facilitate consistency with regards to investigator training.
The exposure of farm workers to pesticides used in potato cultivation in Brazil
Authors: Silveria-Monteiro CA , Silva JV , Vilela LP , Moraes MS 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundBrazil is one of the world leaders in pesticide consumption and exposed workers are numerous and diversified. The indiscriminate application of pesticides affects both human health and natural ecosystems.ObjectiveIdentify the level of knowledge of rural workers as to the use of Individual Protection Equipment (IPE) and the risk of direct handling of agro-toxics and making them aware of the importance of such knowledge.MethodsThis is a descriptive study with quantitative approach of an epidemic. With the aid of a semi-structured instrument was possible to identify the biopsychosocial characteristics of the subjects, data on working conditions and illness.Results72 rural workers were interviewed (surveyed), mostly men. As to their knowledge of IPE, 66(92%) reported having it, but despite having such knowledge, 44 (61%) reported nor using any of such required equipment. As to the knowledge of the harm that agro-toxics can cause to their health, 65 (90%) of the rural workers said they have it, while 7(10%) said they know of none. Collected data show that 65(67%) of the interviewed workers never had been intoxicated, while 7(33%) have already been intoxicated at least once.Contribution to the FieldThe result of this research shows the need for an intervention in this area, they provide instruments for nurses to promote actions as to the reduction of intoxication and greater awareness of what intoxication.
The comparative effects between demonstration video and instruction manual on the performance for respiratory protective device
Authors: Sakol Teeravarunyou , Pongsak Kitirojpan 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundRespiratory Protective Device has been used in non-residential areas such as hotels and offices. It is impossible to demonstrate how to use the safety device for all users. Many hotels insert the demonstration video of RPD into the television programme while the instruction manual is placed on the device.ObjectivesTo compare whether demonstration video or instruction manual affects the usability of product in terms of donning time and human error.MethodsTwo groups of 30 non-experienced subjects were chosen to watch demonstration video and to read instruction manual. Then all subjects were assigned to use the product and to walk through the smoke tunnel.Results/OutcomeThe results showed that there was not much difference between demonstration video and instruction manual in terms of donning time. The demonstration video was useful to users to navigate the product like pulling the hood. Subjects still spent much time on the difficult operation like pressing the valve. For the human error, three of 10 tasks had less error. Subjects still made high error in difficult tasks.ConclusionsThe training on the use of device is required; otherwise, the product needs to be used easily.
Occupational skin disease—findings of a two  years study in Auckland
Authors: Vasisht CM 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundOccupational skin disease (dermatitis) is one of the most widespread causes of discomfort and ill-health at work. Chronic dermatitis can make working impossible and causes workers to lose their jobs.AimThe aim of this paper is to present the findings of a 2 years study conducted in Auckland and Whangarei.MethodsWorkplaces were assessed using a checklist and, an employee questionnaire. Approximately 400 workplaces were visited and more than 1200 employees completed and returned the questionnaires. The industries/occupations included in the study were; bakers, butchers, boat builders, cleaners, dental technicians, dye manufacturers, florists, gardeners, health care workers, hairdressers, machine operators, metal manufacturers, nurses, panel-beaters, printers, plumbers, process workers, spray-painters, veterinarians, etc.ResultsWet work and chemical exposure were found to be significantly associated with dermatitis prevalence. Thirty seven percent of the employed workforce reported symptoms of dermatitis. Twenty two percent of the workforce reported their symptoms as work related. Butchers, hairdressers and printers were found to be the most affected. Gender and skin tone does not appear to make much difference to dermatitis occurrence. About half (49%) of the workers in the age group of 15–30 years emerged as more prone to skin disorders. The hand is the most affected body part to suffer from dermatitis symptoms.SignificanceEducating workers, targeting high risk occupations, controlling causal agents, provision of good hygiene practices, and availability of engineering controls and personal protective clothing and equipment are some important steps that could be implemented to reduce prevalence of dermatitis in workplaces.
Telephonic interactive voice response and internet-based questionnaire for longitudinal injury and near-miss reporting
Authors: Santosh K Verma , Theodore K Courtney , Wen R Chang , Yueng-hsiang Huang , Melanye J Brennan , David A Lombardi , Melissa J Perry 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundTelephonic interactive voice response (IVR) systems and Internet-based surveys have provided new methods of collecting longitudinal data for injury researchers. A choice of multiple survey modes has been shown to increase response rate. Different survey methods can lead to different responses to same questions.ObjectivesThis study examined data equivalency and loss to follow-up rate from these two survey modes.Methods475 workers from 36 limited-service restaurants participated in a 12-week prospective-cohort study of slipping. Participants were given a choice of reporting their weekly experience by telephone using an IVR system, Internet-based survey, or by completing and mailing postal questionnaire forms. All survey materials were made available in three languages: English, Spanish and Portuguese. Demographic differences, loss to follow-up and reported rate of slipping were compared among those who chose internet-based survey and IVR.ResultsOut of 475 participants, 315 chose IVR (66.3%), 154 chose internet-based survey (32.4%), and 6 chose paper based survey (1.3%) to complete their weekly surveys. Younger participants, English speakers, high school students and college graduates were more likely to choose the Internet-based survey mode over the IVR mode. Loss to follow-up rate was not significantly different by survey mode. Rate of slipping was also not significantly different by survey mode (RR 0.78 95% CI 0.57 to 1.06).SignificanceResults provided no evidence of differential loss to follow-up or difference in the reported rate of slipping by survey mode. It should be possible to combine Internet-based survey and IVR to collect longitudinal information about injury causing events and near misses.
Documented evidence of agricultural injury in China
Authors: Liu JJ , Yao HY , Zheng WJ , Xiang HY 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundUp until 2010, there were more than 1600 peer reviewed articles on agriculture related injuries around the world. However, relatively few literature reviews existed concerning China's agricultural injuries.ObjectivesTo describe the documented evidence concerning agricultural injury in China and to identify topics for future research.MethodsLiterature search and review were conducted to collect publications that were relevant to agricultural injury in China. The process included defining agricultural injury for the purpose of this study, selecting articles according to inclusion criteria and extracting data from each paper. Descriptive methods were used to analyse the contents, research approaches, distribution of authors, and cooperation percentage of agricultural injury studies.ResultsAfter applying the inclusion criteria, 89 articles were included in this study. The author collaboration percentage (number of articles with more than one author divided by number of total articles) and the institutional collaboration percentage (number of articles with more than one organisation divided by number of total articles) among the 89 articles were 85.4% and 42.7%, respectively. Most of the authors are affiliated with a Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or an academic institution located in 10 of the 31 provinces in mainland China. Among the 89 articles, only six were on injuries related to agricultural work, the rest (83) dealt with injuries among rural residents with or without clarifying occupations or ongoing activities.SignificancesOur study is the first to describe the documented evidence on agricultural injuries in China and identify topics for future research.
Are food delivery riders motorcycle safety helmets safe?
Authors: Kulanthayan S , Lai GS , Kaviyarasu Y , Afiah M Z Nor 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundIn Malaysia traffic crashes are a huge problem with 414 421 road crashes and 6872 deaths in year 2010 (PDRM, 2011). Motorcycle deaths contribute about 60% of total fatalities in Malaysia.AimThe main aim of this study is to determine the factors that influence standard of the safety helmets used amongst food delivery workers by presence of Standard and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM) certification label.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted amongst 150 food delivery workers from fast food outlets in Malaysia. During observation, safety helmets were classified as standard safety helmet in the presence of SIRIM label. They were approached for questionnaire participation once consent was obtained and were requested to exchange their safety helmet voluntarily with a new one after the interview. χ2and logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the significance and OR of the variables studied, respectively (penetration test, age, education level, knowledge, crash history, types of safety helmet, marital status and years of riding experience) against the presence of SIRIM label.ResultsMore than half (55.3%) of the fast food delivery workers are using non-standard helmets. Safety helmets that failed the penetration test, half-shell safety helmets and riders with more years of riding experience were in high odds of being/using a non-standard safety helmet.SignificanceNon-standard (non-SIRIM approved) helmets were more likely to be half-shell helmets, were more likely to fail the standards penetration test, and were more likely to be worn by older, more experienced riders.
Tattooists, body Piercers and Blood Borne Viruses
Authors: Brotherton M 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundBody piercing and tattooing are increasingly popular invasive procedures with potential health risks. Operators and clients risk transmitting blood-borne viruses and a range of bacterial infections if the correct precautions are not taken. In South Australia there is no accredited system of apprenticeship for Body Piercers or Tattooists.Aims/Objectives/PurposeThis project aimed to prevent the incidence of workplace infection within body piercing and tattooing businesses located in South Australia.MethodsSpecialist infection control and blood awareness educational workshops were designed for tattooists and piercers to focus on how to minimise risk to themselves, their employees and clients. The third workshop was developed for Environmental Health Officers (EHOs) to provide them with infection control strategies to adequately inspect these premises with confidence.Results/OutcomeThe workshops were successful as over 50 body piercers, 80 tattooists and 25 EHOs were trained. 73% of the respondents to the workshop evaluation stated that they had changed their workplace practices due to the workshop. The industry group also contributed to the development of industry specific resources.Significance/Contribution to the FieldThis is a unique industry that has lived on the ‘fringe of acceptance’ for a long time. This project has given the industry the opportunity to work collaboratively with government agencies and contribute to improved safety of their industry.
Analytical laboratory safety in Kmutt, Thailand
Authors: Suchada Chaisawadi , Solot Suwanyeun 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundAnalytical laboratory is the high risk workplace that may harm to health and safety of the operator. The main hazards in analytical laboratory came from chemical and biological substance and need to have proper safety management.ObjectivesTo develop the appropriated safety management system and safety workplace for analytical laboratory operators.MethodsThe developed system consists of three main parts including (1) Chemical and hazardous waste management (2) Safety management by safety training with proper safety equipments /personal protective equipment (PPE) providing (3) Risk assessment. The system has been implemented in eight pilot analytical laboratories in KMUTT, Thailand for 1 year (January 2011–December 2011).Results/OutcomeThe studied results showed 1630 chemicals usage and13, 299 kilograms generated in the pilot laboratories. Safety training with proper safety equipments/PPE has been provided for all laboratory operators. Risk assessment have been performed and indicated that 72.22% meet a standard safety workplace, 98% passed safety training course, 80% used PPE for their work and 100% have their yearly medical check according to the hazard risk.ConclusionsLow risk for all laboratories operators in this study has been concluded.As a result of this study, the developed safety system can help to maintain a sustainable management to all staffs and help to make safety workplace for all who work in analytical laboratory.
Workplace violence against nurses in hospitals in Guangdong, China
Authors: Chen ZH , Xia HY 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundViolent incidents can appear everywhere including hospitals. Nurses are the main working population in health facilities with female gender mostly. How is workplace violence against this special group in Guangdong Province?ObjectiveTo examine the epidemiological features of nurse workplace violence.MethodsA retrospective analysis was carried out on hospital nurses from four different cities in Guangdong Province.ResultsAmong 3319 nurses investigated, 2085 have been subjected to workplace violence in the past 12 months preceding this survey with a rate of 62.82%, accounting for 62.07% of psychological violence and 15.06% of physical violence respectively. Most workplace violence incidents happened in Accident and Emergency departments (78.71%). Nurse stations (53.61%) and wards (28.62%) were two leading places of workplace violence. One third of workplace violence incidents came forth during night shift. Male nurses were more vulnerable to workplace violence against female (χ23.263; p 0.017). Those victims below 40 years were at greatest risk of violence (OR 3.274; 95% CI 2.417 to 3.871).SignificanceMagnitude of nurse workplace violence in hospitals in Guangdong Province and necessity of taking comprehensive measures with nurse individuals, hospitals, government and the Media working together for workplace violence prevention and control.
Risk and protective factors of self-immolation: a population based case control study from Iran
Authors: Ahmadi Alireza , Mohammadi Reza , Almasi Afshin , Sadeghi-Bazargani Homayoun , Bazargan-Hejazi Shahrzad 
Published: October 2012

ObjectiveAfter disaster and breast cancer, self-immolation is the third leading cause of years of life lost among women in Iran. The aim of this study is to investigate risk and protective factors for self-immolation patients.MethodsIn a population based case-control study, 151 consecutive cases of deliberate self-inflicted burns admitted to the regional Burn Centre (Imam Khomeini hospital in Kermanshah province, Iran) were compared with 302 controls selected from the community and matched by sex, age, and living area. All cases and controls were reviewed for demographic variables, familial variables, adverse life events, mental disorders and potential protective factors.ResultsUsing Multivariate logistic regression model of risk and protective factors, eight variables were significantly associated with self-immolation. Family size, Addiction of spouse, Individual history of suicide attempts, Adjustment disorders, Opium dependence, and major depression, were increased the risk of self-immolation and Consulting Services Applying and anxiety about School/University Performance were played role as protective factors. Other variables were not statistically significant.ConclusionsFindings from this study suggest Family size, Addiction of spouse, Individual history of suicide attempts, Adjustment disorders, Opium dependence, major depression, are risk factors for self-immolation and Consulting Services Applying and anxiety School/University Performance were protective factors.Screening, identification, and education of at-risk individuals on problem-solving and other aspects of coping skills, as well as interpersonal relationships could be appropriate preventive actions and strategies to reduce self-immolation introduce in Iran.
Policy analysis and evaluation of effectiveness of a suicide prevention initiative in Montreal
Authors: Burrows S , Perron S 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundJacques-Cartier Bridge in Montreal, Canada, was one of the sites with the highest number of suicides in North America. Following extensive research and lobbying by an expert group, a suicide prevention barrier was constructed on the bridge.Aims/Objectives/Purpose(1) To analyse factors contributing to the successful implementation of this suicide prevention initiative; (2) To investigate if the barrier led to displacement of suicides to other jumping sites.MethodsWe used Shiffman and Smith's Political Priority Framework to analyse the characteristics, ideas, actor strength, and political context associated with the initiative. Poisson regression was used to assess changes in annual rates of suicide by jumping from Jacques-Cartier Bridge, other bridges and other sites after installation of the suicide barrier.Results/OutcomesThe presence of powerful, credible and committed actors and coherence of ideas used to convey messages about suicide and its prevention, based on scientific evidence, were important for the success of the prevention initiative. Support of the media was also critical. Results show no evidence of displacement to other jumping sites after installation of the barrier.Significance/Contribution to FieldThe study provides useful information on the successful implementation of a public health initiative at a local level that can inform future policy initiatives, not only for suicide prevention but other health outcomes. The barrier on Jacques-Cartier Bridge was effective in reducing suicides. The design of a barrier is important for its effectiveness and is preferably considered in the construction of new bridges with the potential to become symbolic suicide sites.