bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Überfällige Konvergenz von privatem und öffentlichem Recht der Anlageberatung
Authors: Freitag Robert 
Published: December 2014

Zusammenfassung
Seit dem 1. 8. 2014 hat eine beratende „Bank“ über sämtliche Innenprovisionen aufzuklären, die sie von dritter Seite für den Vertrieb bzw. die Erstellung des Anlageprodukts erhält, widrigenfalls sie den Anlegern auf Schadensersatz aus dem geschlossenen Beratungsvertrag haftet. Mit dieser Aussage und der für sie gegebenen Begründung bricht der BGH in zentralen Punkten mit der bisherigen Rechtsprechung: Das betrifft zum einen die praktisch bedeutsame Kernaussage zur Aufklärungspflicht über aus dem Anlagevermögen (und nicht aus dem Ausgabeaufschlag) geleistete „versteckte Innenprovisionen“. Insoweit hatte die Rechtsprechung eine Aufklärungspflicht bislang nur bejaht, wenn die Provision mindestens 15 % des Anlagebetrags ausmachte. Damit stehen Innenprovisionen in Bezug auf die Offenlegungspflichten den aus den Ausgabeaufschlägen finanzierten Rückvergütungen künftig gleich. Zur Begründung dieses Ergebnisses revidiert der BGH zum anderen zumindest im Ergebnis seine bislang ständig wiederholte These, dass Aufsichts- und Zivilrecht im Bereich der anlagerechtlichen Wohlverhaltensregeln weithin unverbunden nebeneinander stünden. Nunmehr geht er davon aus, dass die einschlägigen aufsichtsrechtlichen Regelungen den Inhalt des Beratungsvertrags determinieren. Beiden Aussagen könnte man an sich uneingeschränkt zustimmen, wiese die Entscheidungsbegründung nicht zahlreiche Ungereimtheiten auf und ergäben sich aus dem Judikat nicht zugleich allerlei klärungsbedürftige Folgefragen.
Replicate ice-coring system architecture: electrical, electronic and software design
Authors: Mortensen Nicolai B. , Goetz Joshua J. , Gibson Chris J. , Johnson Jay A. , Shturmakov Alexander J. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe drilling of a deep borehole in ice is an undertaking that spans several seasons. Over recent decades such drilling has become widespread in both polar regions. Owing to the remoteness of the drill sites, considerable cost is associated with the drilling of a deep borehole of several thousand meters. The replicate coring system allows re-drilling of ice core at select depths within an existing parent borehole. This effectively increases the yield of the existing borehole and permits re-sampling of ice in areas of high scientific value. The replicate coring system achieves this through the combination of actuators, motors, sensors and a computerized control system. The replicate coring drill is a further development of the deep ice-sheet coring (DISC) drill, extending the capabilities of the DISC drill to include replicate coring.
Production drilling at WAIS Divide
Authors: Slawny Kristina R. , Johnson Jay A. , Mortensen Nicolai B. , Gibson Christopher J. , Goetz Joshua J. , Shturmakov Alexander J. , Lebar Donald A. , Wendricks Anthony W. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe deep ice-sheet coring (DISC) drill was used for production ice-core drilling at WAIS Divide in Antarctica for six field seasons between 2007 and 2013. Continuous ice-core samples were obtained between the snow surface and 3405 m depth. During the 2012/13 austral summer, the DISC drill’s newly designed replicate ice-coring system was utilized to collect nearly 285m of additional high-quality core samples at depths of high scientific interest. Annual progress graphs are described, as well as milestones achieved over the course of the project. Drilling operations, challenges encountered, drill fluid usage, drilling results, and the drill crew’s experiences with the DISC drill and replicate coring system during production drilling are described and discussed in detail. Core-processing operations are described briefly, as well as the logistical undertaking of the DISC drill’s deployment to Antarctica.
Replicate ice-coring system architecture: mechanical design
Authors: Gibson Christopher J. , Johnson Jay A. , Shturmakov Alexander J. , Mortensen Nicolai B. , Goetz Joshua J. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe replicate ice-coring system was developed by Ice Drilling Design and Operations (IDDO) for the US National Science Foundation. The design of the system leverages the existing infrastructure of the deep ice-sheet coring (DISC) drill to create a steerable drill capable of recovering replicate core at any targeted depth in an existing borehole. Critical requirements of the system include: collecting up to 400 m of core from the high side of an open hole; maintaining access to the entire borehole for logging tools; collecting up to four cores at a single depth; and operating to a depth of 4000m at −55°C and 34 MPa. The system was developed and tested from 2010 through 2012 and integrates several new mechanical subsystems, including two electromechanical actuators capable of pushing the sonde to any targeted azimuth, new reduced diameter core and screen barrels made from off-the-shelf casing tube, and new cutter heads optimized for the multiple stages of the replicate coring procedure. The system was successfully deployed at West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide in the 2012/13 field season, recovering 285 m of core from five intentional deviations at four target depths.
Cardiovascular Disease-related Hospital Admissions of Patients with Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: Ursum Jennie , Nielen Mark M.J. , Twisk Jos W.R. , Peters Mike J.L. , Schellevis François G. , Nurmohamed Michael T. , Korevaar Joke C. 
Published: December 2014

Objective.Patients with inflammatory arthritis (IA) have an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), suggesting a high rate of CVD-related hospitalizations, but data on this topic are limited. Our study addressed hospital admissions for CVD in a primary care–based population of patients with IA and controls.Methods.All newly diagnosed patients with IA between 2001 and 2010 were selected from electronic medical records of the Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research Primary Care database, representing a national network of general practices. Two control patients matched for age, sex, and practice were selected for each patient with IA. Hospital admission data for all patients was retrieved from the Dutch Hospital Data.Results.There were 2615 patients with IA and 5555 controls included in our study. CVD-related hospital admissions were observed more frequently among patients with IA as compared with control patients: 48% versus 36% (p < 0.001) in a followup period of 4 years. Patients with IA were more often hospitalized because of ischemic heart disease (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2–2.2) and for day-care admission because of cerebrovascular disease (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.0–4.9).Conclusion.Increased hospital admission rates confirm the higher CVD burden among patients with IA compared with controls, and underscore the need for proper CVD risk management in patients with IA.
Facilitators and Barriers to Adherence in the Initiation Phase of Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drug (DMARD) Use in Patients with Arthritis Who Recently Started Their First DMARD Treatment
Authors: Pasma Annelieke , van ’t Spijker Adriaan , Luime Jolanda J. , Walter Margot J.M. , Busschbach Jan J.V. , Hazes Johanna M.W. 
Published: December 2014

Objective.To explore themes associated with adherence in the initiation phase for first-time use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) in patients with inflammatory arthritis using focus groups and individual interviews.Methods.Thirty-three patients were interviewed in focus groups and individual interviews. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and imported into ATLAS.ti software (Scientific Software Development GmbH). Responses that included reasons for adherence or nonadherence in the initiation phase were extracted and coded by 2 coders separately. The 2 coders conferred until consensus on the codes was achieved. Codes were classified into overarching themes.Results.Five themes emerged: (1) symptom severity, (2) experiences with medication, (3) perceptions about medication and the illness, (4) information about medication, and (5) communication style and trust in the rheumatologist.Conclusion.Perceptions about medication and the communication style with, and trust in, the rheumatologist were mentioned the most in relation to starting DMARD. The rheumatologist plays a crucial role in influencing adherence behavior by addressing perceptions about medication, providing information, and establishing trust in the treatment plan.
An analysis of time utilization and cancellations of scheduled cases in the main operation theater complex of a tertiary care teaching institute of North India
Authors: Talati S , Gupta AK , Kumar A , Malhotra SK , Jain A 
Published: December 2014

Context:
Operation theater (OT) utilization.

Aims:
To analyze the time utilization and to assess the stated causes of cancellations of scheduled cases in the OT complex of a tertiary care teaching institute.

Settings and Design:
This prospective study was carried out from December 2010 to April 2011.

Materials and Methods:
each of the 16 OT tables was observed for 6 days (total 96 days). The available resource hours were taken as 0800-1600 hrs. (480 min/day; 46,080 min in 96 days). The following parameters were recorded - time spent on supportive services, time spent on actual surgery, room turn over time, time spent for total procedure and time between entry and exit of patient.

Statistical Analysis:
Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 15.

Results:
Of the total 325 scheduled cases, 252 were operated and 73 (22.5%) were cancelled. There were delays on 15 days (15.63%) in starting the OT table at the scheduled time. Of the total resource hours (46,080 min), the mean "Raw utilization" was 37,573 min (81.54%) and the "Adjusted utilization" was 39,668 min (86.09%). The mean time spent on "supportive services" was 5539 min (12.02%) and on "actual surgery"’ was 28,277 min (61.37%), and the "room turn over time" was 2095 min (5.39%). Among the stated reasons for cancellations, lack of operating time - 57 cases (78.1%) - was the most common.

Conclusion:
Study of time utilization and cancellation are important tools in assessing the optimal utilization of available resource hours in an OT.
Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 expression in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrium
Authors: Shevra CR , Ghosh A , Kumar M 
Published: December 2014

Background:
Proliferation and differentiation of cancer cells are regulated by various cell cycle promoting and inhibiting factors. Our knowledge about these proteins and mechanisms regulating cell cycle progression has increased dramatically in recent years.

Aim:
The present study was undertaken to examine the expression profile of cell cycle regulatory proteins in normal proliferative endometrium, hyperplasias (simple, complex and atypical) and endometrial carcinoma in a quantitative approach as also to assess correlations of Cyclin D1 expression with Ki-67 a proliferation marker.

Settings and Design:
A retrospective case control study in a tertiary referral centre.

Materials and Methods:
We evaluated and compared the expression profile of Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 expressions in 61 endometrial samples submitted as either endometrial curetting or hysterectomy specimens, which were diagnosed as simple hyperplasia (n =11), complex hyperplasia (n = 13), atypical hyperplasia (n = 7), and endometrial carcinoma (n = 20).

Results:
There was increased expression of Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 in patients with endometrial carcinoma relative to proliferative endometrium and simple hyperplasia, but there was no such difference between cases of atypical hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma. Cyclin D1 expression had a positive correlation with Ki-67 expression. Cyclin D1 together with Ki-67 may be a marker for endometrial carcinogenesis and tumor cell proliferation.
Correlation of renin angiotensin system (RAS) candidate gene polymorphisms with response to Ramipril in patients with essential hypertension
Authors: Gupta S , Chattopadhyaya I , Agrawal BK , Sehajpal PK , Goel RK 
Published: December 2014

Background:
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is an important facet of blood pressure regulation physiology. Treatment of essential hypertension targets the RAS using Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs). However, ACEIs are not uniformly effective and show inter-individual pharmacodynamic variations.

Aim:
To assess the correlation between genetic polymorphisms in the genes coding for RAS components (angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE I/D), α-adducin (ADD1) and β1 -adrenoreceptor (β1-ADR)) and response to Ramipril.

Materials and Methods:
We recruited 120 patients with essential hypertension who were administered Ramipril monotherapy initially, followed by combination therapy, if needed, based on their responses. Relationship between genotypes of the three candidate genes and decrease in the blood pressure (BP) was analyzed.

Results:
One hundred and six patients were evaluable at the end of the study period and 21 different genotypes were observed among them. Seven of them were classified as responders after 8 weeks and at the end of 12 weeks, an additional 77 (72.64%) were deemed responders. 19/22 non-responders were treated with combination therapy and 7/19 (36.84%) showed a response to the same. There was a significant difference between the proportions of responders and non-responders among the genotypes of the ADD1 and β1-ADR genes (P = 0.005 and 0.003, respectively). The best predictors of response to Ramipril 5 mg daily were the II/GG/SS, II/TG/SS, II/GG/SG, ID/GG/SS, ID/GG/SG and ID/TT/SS and DD/GG/SS; II/GG/GG, II/TT/SG, ID/TG/SG, ID/TT/SG, DD/GG/SG and DD/GG/GG were moderately predictive and II/TT/SS, II/TG/GG, ID/TG/GG, DD/TG/SG and DD/TG/GG were poorly predictive of response.

Discussion:
Variable responses to Ramipril may be the result of genetic factors.

Conclusion:
Pre-prescription genotyping may help individualize treatment.
Pediatric meningiomas an aggressive subset
Authors: Hui M , Uppin MS , Saradhi M Vijaya , Sahu BP , Purohit AK , Sundaram C 
Published: December 2014

Background:
Meningiomas are uncommon neoplasms in the pediatric age group and differ in various aspects from their adult counterparts. They account for 0.4-4.6% of all primary brain tumors.

Aims:
To retrospectively analyze the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of pediatric meningiomas.

Materials and Methods:
Meningiomas in patients under 18 years of age diagnosed between January 2001 to December 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. The hematoxylin and eosin stained sections and Ki 67 labelling index (LI) were reviewed for all the cases

Results:
The pediatric meningiomas accounted for 1.52% of total meningiomas (15/983). The mean age at presentation was 12 years with male to female ratio of 1.5:1. The presenting symptoms were headache, seizures, and motor deficits. The histology included 9 cases (60%) of atypical meningioma (WHO grade II) followed by 4 cases (26.67%) of WHO grade-I and 2 cases (13.33%) of anaplastic meningioma (WHO grade III). Five cases had a recurrence. Ki67 LI ranged from 0.5% to 1.5% in grade I, 0.5% to 15% in grade II and 13% to 24% in grade III meningiomas.

Conclusion:
Meningiomas are rare in children and show a male preponderance. There was a higher incidence of atypical and anaplastic meningiomas in pediatric population.
Historical Pyrogeography of Texas, USA
Authors: Stambaugh Michael C. , Sparks Jeffrey C. , Abadir E. R. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractSynthesis of multiple sources of fire history information increases the power and reliability of fire regime characterization. Fire regime characterization is critical for assessing fire risk, identifying climate change impacts, understanding ecosystem processes, and developing policies and objectives for fire management. For these reasons, we conducted a literature review and spatial analysis of historical fire intervals in Texas, USA, a state with diverse fire environments and significant fire-related challenges. Limited literature describing historical fire regimes exists and few studies have quantitatively assessed the historical frequency of wildland fire. Written accounts provided anecdotal fire information that is spatially and temporally constrained. Three spatial datasets depicting historic mean fire intervals (MFIs) showed agreement in that the majority of Texas consisted of frequent fire regimes (MFIs = 1 yr to 12 yr), and that a gradient of decreasing fire return intervals existed from west to east. Much potential likely exists for acquiring fire history data in the Piney Woods region, the Oak Woods and Prairies region, and the mountain ranges of the Trans Pecos region. These data will be valuable for improving fire regime characterization to guide fire planning and budget processes, for the restoration and maintenance of fire-adapted landscapes, and for informing fire prevention and education activities.
Middle Mesial Canal: A Common Finding — A Report of Three Cases
Authors: Bhosale Swati , Balasubramanian Akilan , Maroli Rameshkumar , Jayasree S 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTAims and objectivesTo present clinical case report of three mandibular first molar with middle mesial canal of independent and confluent type.Case ReportThree patients with chief complaint in mandibular first molars were referred for endodontic treatment. All the three mandibular first molar showed presence of middle mesial canal and, in one case, extra root was observed. With aid of proper diagnostic and radiographic techniques, the endodontic treatment was performed.ConclusionGood knowledge of the potential aberrant canal morphology in mandibular molar will help clinician to successfully recognize and treat these difficult cases. Morphological variations in root canal system anatomy should always be considered at the beginning of treatment. Once endodontic treatment has been initiated, proper access cavity preparation is a basic prerequisite for the investigation and successful detection of all root canal orifices. Every effort should be made to find and treat all canals for successful clinical results. Better illumination and magnification under microscope help in locating hidden canals.How to cite this articleBhosale S, Balasubramanian A, Maroli R, Jayasree S. Middle Mesial Canal: A Common Finding— A Report of Three Cases. J Contemp Dent 2014;4(3):152-156.
An Unusually Large Submandibular Salivary Stone
Authors: Pandey Sushma , Subedi Sushil , Gadda Rohit 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTSialolithiasis is a condition where a calcified mass forms within a salivary gland, most commonly in the duct of the submandibular gland. Commonly sialoliths measure from 5 to 10 mm in size and stones over 10 mm can be reported as sialoliths of unusual size. They rarely measure more than 15 mm. Reported here is a case of large submandibular sialolith which was diagnosed clinically and radiographically and treated with no postoperative complication.How to cite this articlePandey S, Subedi S, Gadda R. An Unusually Large Submandibular Salivary Stone. J Contemp Dent 2014;4(3):160-161.
Management of an Unresponsive Periodontal Lesion in an Endodontic Involved Tooth Complicated by Actinomyces Species
Authors: Kini Vineet , Poonja LS , Padhye Ashvini , Natrajan Srivalli , Mistry Abhishek Ramnik 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTActinomycosis is an infectious disease caused byActinomycesspecies found as a commensal in oral flora. However, it does cause opportunistic infections with localized granulomatous and suppurative lesions intraorally once the integrity of the oral mucosal barrier is compromized and access to the underlying tissues or jaw bones is gained. The present case report highlights an unresponsive periodontal lesion associated with an actinomycotic infection in an endodontically involved tooth. The gingiva in relation to the tooth showed profuse spontaneous bleeding and suppurative discharge after multiple appointments of initial therapy which required histopathologic and microbiological assessment for diagnosis. On establishing the diagnosis of actinomycosis, treatment involved extraction of the tooth. This highlights the importance of microbiological investigations in unresponsive periodontal lesions.How to cite this articleMistry AR, Pereira R, Kini V, Padhye A, Poonja LS, Natrajan S. Management of an Unresponsive Periodontal Lesion in an Endodontic Involved Tooth Complicated byActinomycesSpecies. J Contemp Dent 2014;4(3):167-172.
Sex Differences in Workplace Satisfaction and Engagement of Academic Pathologists: Opportunities to Enhance Faculty Diversity
Authors: Howell Lydia Pleotis , Lyons Mary Lipscomb , Thor Ann , Dandar Valerie 
Published: December 2014

Context
There is attrition of women across professorial ranks in academic pathology. Women are underrepresented as leaders; 15.4% of academic pathology departments are chaired by women, according to the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC).

Objective
To identify areas for targeted interventions that can advance academic and leadership development of women faculty by examining (1) sex differences in career satisfaction in US medical school pathology departments participating in the AAMC's Faculty Forward Engagement Survey, and (2) findings from a survey of the Association of Pathology Chairs (APC).

Design
The AAMC Faculty Forward Engagement Survey data are from 14 US medical schools participating in the 2011–2012 survey. Pathologists' response rate was 66% (461 of 697). To investigate sex differences, t tests and χ2 analyses were used. The APC survey, administered to academic department chairs, had a 55% response rate (104 of 189).

Results
According to the Faculty Forward Engagement Survey, women report more time in patient care and less time in research. Women consider formal mentorship, feedback, and career advancement more important than men do and are less satisfied with communication and governance. The APC survey shows that 20% to 40% of nonchair department leaders are women. More than half of chairs report satisfaction with the sex diversity of their departmental leaders.

Conclusion
Opportunities exist for department chairs and professional organizations to create targeted interventions to support career satisfaction, recruitment, retention, and career and leadership development for women in academic pathology. Although chairs report satisfaction with diversity within department leadership, responses of women faculty indicate there is work to be done to grow more women leaders.
Legal Translation Studies as Interdiscipline: Scope and Evolution
Authors: Prieto Ramos Fernando 
Published: December 2014

This paper offers an overview of the development of Legal Translation Studies as a major interdiscipline within Translation Studies. It reviews key elements that shape its specificity and constitute the shared ground of its research community: object of study, place within academia, denomination, historical milestones and key approaches. This review elicits the different stages of evolution leading to the field’s current position and its particular interaction with Law. The focus is placed on commonalities as a means to identify distinctive reference points and avenues for further development. A comprehensive categorization of legal texts and the systematic scrutiny of contextual variables are highlighted as pivotal in defining the scope of the discipline and in proposing overarching conceptual and methodological models. Analyzing the applicability of these models and their impact on legal translation quality is considered a priority in order to reinforce interdisciplinary specificity in line with professional needs.