bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mantle Driven Early Eocene Magmatic Flare‐up of the Gangdese Arc, Tibet: A Case Study on the Nymo Intrusive Complex
Authors: MA Xuxuan , MEERT Joseph G. , CAO Wenrong , TIAN Zuolin , LIU Dongliang , XIONG Fahui , LI Haibing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMagmatic periodicity is recognized in continental arcs worldwide, but the mechanism responsible for punctuated arc magmatism is controversial. Continental arcs in the Trans‐Himalayan orogenic system display episodic magmatism and the most voluminous flare‐up in this system was in early Eocene during the transition from subduction to collision. The close association of the flare‐up with collision is intriguing. Our study employs zircon Lu‐Hf and bulk rock Sr‐Nd isotopes, along with mineral geochemistry, to track the melt sources of the Nymo intrusive complex and the role of mantle magma during the early Eocene flare‐up of the Gangdese arc, Tibet. The Nymo intrusive complex is composed of gabbronorite, diorite, quartz diorite, and granodiorite which define an arc‐related calc‐alkaline suite. Zircon U‐Pb ages reveal that the complex was emplaced between ~50–47 Ma. Zircon Hf isotopes yield εHf(t) values of 8.2–13.1, while whole‐rock Sr and Nd isotopes yield εNd(t) values of 2.7–6.5 indicative of magmatism dominated by melting of a juvenile mantle source with only minor crustal assimilation (~15%–25%) as indicated by assimilation and fractional crystallization modeling. Together with published data, the early Eocene magmatic flare‐up was likely triggered by slab breakoff of subducted oceanic lithosphere at depths shallower than the overriding plate. The early Eocene magmatic flare‐up may have contributed to crustal thickening of the Gangdese arc. This study provides important insights into the magmatic flare‐up and its significant role in the generation of large batholiths during the transition from subduction to collision.
Lower Continental Crusts Involved in the Alpine Orogeny: New Insight from the Santa Lucia Nappe Metasediments (Corsica, France)
Authors: FRASSI Chiara , DI ROSA Maria , PANDOLFI Luca , MARRONI Michele 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the Alpine Corsica (France), the Santa Lucia Nappe represents a peculiar unit preserving the unique relicts of Paleozoic lower to medium continental crust. It consists of composite basement affected by Permian granulite facies metamorphic conditions unconformably covered by a Late Cretaceous clastic sequence (Tomboni Conglomerate and Tralonca Flysch) affected by polyphase deformation and low‐grade‐metamorphism. In this work, we present a new reconstruction of the deformation events registered by the Tralonca Flysch during the Alpine orogeny. The D1 phase was testified by rare isoclinal folds. The D2 phase produced a continuous foliation and a map‐scale sheath‐fold with a top‐to‐W sense of shear. The D3 phase produced E‐verging non‐cylindrical folds and S3 crenulation cleavage that is not associated to metamorphic blastesis. We present the first temperature‐pressure‐deformation (P‐T‐d) path for the Tralonca Flysch, demonstrating that the Santa Lucia Nappe underwent accretion and then first stage exhumation in the Alpine wedge during the D1 phase with pressure and temperature peaks both occurred under blueschist metamorphic conditions. The D2 phase occurred at lower pressure‐temperature conditions during a second stage exhumation. This pressure‐temperature‐deformation path is comparable with those of the Lower Units (i.e., the subducted continental units of Alpine Corsica) suggesting a common geodynamic history.
Noradrenaline dose cutoffs to characterise the severity of cardiovascular failure: Data‐based development and external validation
Authors: Pölkki Anssi , Pekkarinen Pirkka T. , Hess Benjamin , Blaser Annika Reintam , Bachmann Kaspar F. , Lakbar Inès , Hollenberg Steven M. , Lobo Suzana M. , Rezende Ederlon , Selander Tuomas , Reinikainen Matti 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe vasopressor dose needed is a common measure to assess the severity of cardiovascular failure, but there is no consensus on the ranges of vasopressor doses determining different levels of cardiovascular support. We aimed to identify cutoffs for determining low, intermediate and high doses of noradrenaline (norepinephrine), the primary vasopressor used in intensive care, based on association with hospital mortality.MethodsWe conducted a binational registry study to determine cutoffs between low, intermediate and high noradrenaline doses. We required the cutoffs to be statistically rational and practical (rounded to the first decimal and easy to remember), and to result in increasing mortality with increasing doses. The highest noradrenaline dose in the first 24 h after intensive care unit (ICU) admission was used. The cutoffs were developed using data from 8079 ICU patients treated in the ICU at Kuopio University Hospital, Finland, between 2013 and 2019. Subsequently, the cutoffs were validated in the eICU database, including 39,007 ICU admissions to 29 ICUs in the United States of America in 2014–2015. The log‐rank statistic, with the Contal and O'Quigley method, was used to determine the cutoffs resulting in the most significant split between the noradrenaline dose groups with regard to hospital mortality.ResultsThe two most prominent peaks in the log‐rank statistic corresponded to noradrenaline doses 0.20 and 0.44 μg/kg/min. Accordingly, we determined three dose ranges: low (<0.2 μg/kg/min), intermediate (0.2–0.4 μg/kg/min) and high (>0.4 μg/kg/min). Mortality increased, whereas the number of patients decreased consistently with increasing noradrenaline doses in both cohorts. In the development cohort, hospital mortality was 6.5% in the group without noradrenaline administered and 14.0%, 26.4% and 40.2%, respectively, in the low‐dose, intermediate‐dose and high‐dose groups. Compared to patients who received no noradrenaline, the hazard ratio for in‐hospital death was 1.4 for the low‐dose group, 4.0 for the intermediate‐dose group and 7.5 for the high‐dose group in the validation cohort (p < .001).ConclusionsThe highest noradrenaline dose is a useful measure for quantifying circulatory failure. Cutoffs 0.2 and 0.4 μg/kg/min seem to be suitable for defining low, intermediate and high doses.
Transient receptor potential channels as an emerging target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Unravelling the potential of pharmacological interventions
Authors: Joshi Nishit , Vaidya Bhupesh , Sharma Shyam Sunder 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating disorder with a multifaceted aetiology characterized by dementia, which later progresses to cognitive impairment. Significant efforts have been made to develop pharmacological interventions that slow down the pathogenesis of AD. However, conventional drugs have failed to satisfactorily treat AD and are more focussed towards symptomatic management. Thus, there is a gap in the literature regarding novel targets and modulators targeting them for the effective treatment of AD. Recent studies have demonstrated that modulation of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels has the potential to halt AD pathogenesis at an early stage and rescue hippocampal neurons from death. Amongst several members, TRP channels like TRPA1, TRPC6, TRPM2 and TRPV2 have shown promising results in the attenuation of neurobehavioural cognitive deficits as well as signalling pathways governing such cognitive decline. Furthermore, as these channels govern the ionic balance in the cell, their beneficial effects have also been known to maintain the homeostasis of Ca2+, which is the major culprit eliciting the vicious cycle of excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS generation and neurodegeneration. Despite such tremendous potential of TRP channel modulators, their clinical investigation remains elusive. Therefore, in the present review, we have discussed such agents in the light of TRP channels as molecular targets for the amelioration of AD both at the preclinical and clinical levels.
Birthing parent postpartum acute care use: Multilevel opportunities for strengthening healthcare
Authors: Busse Clara E. , Stuebe Alison M. , Tumlinson Katherine , Tucker Christine , Vladutiu Catherine J. , Pence Brian , Tully Kristin P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundTwo‐thirds of pregnancy‐related deaths occur from 1 day to 1 year after birth, and medical complications frequently occur after birth. Postpartum health concerns are often urgent, requiring timely medical care, which may contribute to a reliance on acute care. One approach to improving postpartum health is to investigate birthing parents' accounts of acute care use in the months after birth, which is what we did in this study.MethodsThis mixed‐methods study included questionnaire responses, semi‐structured interviews, and chart review of 18 English‐speaking individuals who used acute care in the 90 days after birth in the southeastern United States. Interviews were conducted remotely, recorded, and professionally transcribed. Qualitative data were inductively coded to iteratively develop categories and themes with respect to contributors and barriers to postpartum acute care use.ResultsBirthing parents engaged in complex decision‐making processes to decide where and when to seek postpartum acute care in response to their urgent health concerns. Many described fear and uncertainty about their postpartum health. Most participants contacted a healthcare practitioner before using acute care, followed their guidance, and were treated or otherwise reassured at the acute care visit.DiscussionThese findings suggest multilevel opportunities for strengthening healthcare systems, including better‐preparing individuals for the postpartum period and structuring care to accommodate birthing parents and include their support systems. The insights from this study can inform multilevel strategies for strengthening healthcare so that birthing parents are safe and well postpartum.
Dissecting CASK: Novel splice site variant associated with male MICPCH phenotype
Authors: Silveira Karina C. , Ambrose Anastasia , Athey Taryn , Taylor Sherryl , Mercimek‐Andrews Saadet , Kannu Peter 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCASK (MIM#300172), encoding a calcium/calmodulin‐dependent serine protein kinase, is crucial for synaptic transmission and gene regulation during neural development. Pathogenic variants of CASK are known to cause several neurodevelopmental disorders, including X‐linked intellectual disability and microcephaly with pontine and cerebellar hypoplasia (MICPCH). This study introduces a novel, de novo synonymous CASK variant (NM_001367721.1: c.1737G>A, p.(Glu579=)), discovered in a male patient diagnosed with MICPCH, characterized by microcephaly, developmental delay, visual impairment, and myoclonic seizures. The variant disrupts a donor splice‐site at the end of exon 18. Transcriptomic analysis of blood identified 12 different CASK transcripts secondary to the synonymous variant. Nearly one third of these transcripts were predicted to result in nonsense mediated decay or protein degradation. Protein modeling revealed structural alterations in the PDZ functional domain of CASK, due to exon 18 deletion. Our findings highlight the utility of transcriptomic analysis in demonstrating the underlying disease mechanism in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Splicing control by PHF5A is crucial for melanoma cell survival
Authors: Meißgeier Tina , Kappelmann‐Fenzl Melanie , Staebler Sebastian , Ahari Ata Jadid , Mertes Christian , Gagneur Julien , Linck‐Paulus Lisa , Bosserhoff Anja Katrin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAbnormalities in alternative splicing are a hallmark of cancer formation. In this study, we investigated the role of the splicing factor PHD finger protein 5A (PHF5A) in melanoma. Malignant melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, and patients with a high PHF5A expression show poor overall survival. Our data revealed that an siRNA‐mediated downregulation of PHF5A in different melanoma cell lines leads to massive splicing defects of different tumour‐relevant genes. The loss of PHF5A results in an increased rate of apoptosis by triggering Fas‐ and unfolded protein response (UPR)‐mediated apoptosis pathways in melanoma cells. These findings are tumour‐specific because we did not observe this regulation in fibroblasts. Our study identifies a crucial role of PHF5A as driver for melanoma malignancy and the described underlying splicing network provides an interesting basis for the development of new therapeutic targets for this aggressive form of skin cancer.
Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease with marrow fibrosis and extramedullary hematopoiesis
Authors: Blommers Marley , Selegean Sorin , Wood Richard K. , Sarmiento Bustamante Mateo , Shyamsundar Saishravan , Wiley E. Ashley , Comeau Emilie , Shawwa Allam A. , Rose‐John Stefan , Fajgenbaum David C. , Chen Luke Y. C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundIdiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is a rare inflammatory disorder mediated by excessive proinflammatory cytokine signaling, most notably by interleukin 6 (IL‐6). IL‐6‐induced extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) has been reported in murine models of iMCD. Herein we present four cases of iMCD with EMH in humans.Case SeriesThe index case is a 24‐year‐old white woman who presented with pancytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, and diffuse lymphadenopathy (LAD) with EMH in core lymph node biopsies. We then searched ACCELERATE, a Castleman disease (CD) natural history registry, and identified three additional CD cases with EMH reported in biopsies: A 23‐year‐old Asian man with fatigue, edema, LAD, and splenomegaly; a 20‐year‐old white man with fever, dyspnea, LAD, and hepatosplenomegaly; and a 50‐year‐old white man with constitutional symptoms, LAD, and myelodysplastic syndrome in bone marrow with a KRAS mutation.ResultsAll four patients presented with thrombocytopenia and fever and/or markedly elevated C‐reactive protein. Patient 1 had iMCD‐NOS (not otherwise specified) with severe thrombocytopenia, reticulin fibrosis in bone marrow, small volume LAD and organomegaly but no anasarca. The other three patients had iMCD‐TAFRO (thrombocytopenia, anasarca, reticulin fibrosis, renal dysfunction, organomegaly). Two had mixed CD and two had hypervascular CD in lymph nodes. All four had bone marrow hypercellularity and megakaryocyte hyperplasia and two had reticulin fibrosis.ConclusionsThis case series demonstrates that EMH can be seen in CD, particularly in iMCD‐TAFRO. Given the similarity of this finding to previous murine models of IL‐6‐induced marrow and lymph node changes we hypothesize that this is an IL‐6‐mediated phenomenon.
Enhancing motor imagery in the third‐person perspective by manipulating sense of body ownership with virtual reality
Authors: Xu Xiaotian , Fan Xiaoya , Dong Jiaoyang , Zhang Xiting , Song Zhe , Bai Dingqun , Pu Fang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVirtual reality (VR)–guided motor imagery (MI) is a widely used approach for motor rehabilitation, especially for patients with severe motor impairments. Most approaches provide visual guidance from the first‐person perspective (1PP). MI training with visual guidance from the third‐person perspective (3PP) remains largely unexplored. We argue that 3PP MI training has its own advantages and can supplement 1PP MI. For some movements beyond the view of 1PP, such as shoulder shrugging and other axial movements, MI are suitable performed under 3PP. However, the efficiency of existing paradigms for 3PP MI is unsatisfactory. We speculate that the absence of sense of body ownership (SOO) from 3PP could be one possible factor and hypothesize that 3PP MI could be enhanced by eliciting SOO over a 3PP avatar. Based on our hypothesis, a novel paradigm was proposed to enhance 3PP MI by inducing full‐body illusion (FBI) from 3PP, which is similar to the so‐called out‐of‐body experience (OBE), using synchronous visuo‐tactile stimulus with VR. The event‐related Electroencephalograph (EEG) desynchronization (ERD) at motor‐related regions from 31 healthy participants were calculated and compared with a control paradigm without “OBE” FBI induction. This study attempts to enhance 3PP MI with FBI induction. It offers an opportunity to perform MI guided by action observation from 3PP with elicited SOO to the observed avatar. We believe that 3PP MI could provide more possibilities for effective rehabilitation training, when SOO could be elicited to a virtual avatar and the present work demonstrates its viability and effectiveness.
Assessing Languages Across the Curriculum: Critical reflection and student learning perspectives
Authors: Britton Emma R. , Kraemer Angelika 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLanguage program evaluation is a complicated field of practice, especially for models that are not commonly implemented in higher education. This article features Languages Across the Curriculum (LAC), a lesser‐known program model, reporting on a qualitative evaluative program study taking place in a Northeastern university. It identifies challenges associated with common program evaluation approaches (used in LAC and other language models) and advances a holistic framework, informed by multiple learning perspectives, to interpret students' experiences. Drawing on interviews with 16 students of Korean, Mandarin, and Spanish (as primary data) and triangulating interviews with observations in nine classrooms as well as other programmatic artifacts, it explores how participants reflected on their experiences and identifies the learning types that LAC appears to support. Findings indicate that LAC especially supported critical content‐based language learning, language maintenance, and peer‐to‐peer collaboration among learners of mixed abilities. Implications for LAC program evaluation are discussed.
Asymptomatic evanescent plaques on the buttocks of an elderly woman
Authors: Ceravalls Joan , Pérez‐Muñoz Noelia , Sola María Án. , Gallardo Fernando , Colomo Lluís , Pujol Ramón M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractB‐cell epidermotropism is an exceptional finding in cutaneous lymphomas. The few cases previously described in the literature mostly correspond to systemic lymphomas, with the most frequent being splenic marginal zone lymphoma. This lymphoma can manifest as a cutaneous eruption preceding the splenomegaly, with systemic involvement demonstrated by bone marrow and/or peripheral blood. This presentation is known as epidermotropic B‐cell lymphoma. Herein, we present a new case that emphasizes B‐cell epidermotropism as a feature that should alert the clinician of the possibility of a secondary involvement and, consequently, prompt them to expand the recommended initial staging.
Enhanced emulsion capacity and gel properties of bighead carp myofibrillar protein through interaction with fresh maize bran arabinoxylan extracted by complex enzymes
Authors: Ma Fumin , Cai Xiang , Lv Wenxin , Lu Yaqi , Yin Jiayu , Duan Cuicui , Li Xiaolei , Li Dan 
Published: August 2024

SummaryBighead carp has the largest production amount among freshwater fish in China, but its physicochemical properties change rapidly with the denaturation of their myofibril protein (MP). The protein–polysaccharide complexes have shown interesting physicochemical properties as stabilisers and emulsifiers. In this study, arabinoxylans (AXs) were prepared and mixed with bighead carp MP to form a composite gel. The effect of AXs on the thermal stability, emulsification and emulsion stability of the composite gel was investigated. The results showed that fraction precipitated by 60% ethanol (F60) and by 90% (F90) improved the denaturation temperature of bighead carp MP from 65.99 °C to 67.39 °C and 68.22 °C, respectively. The emulsifying capacity of F60 (0.54 m2 g−1) was similar to that of sucrose (0.52 m2 g−1). The effect of F90 on the emulsion stability of bighead carp MP was better than that of F60. The elasticity of bighead carp MP was improved by F60 and F90. The hydroxyl group interactions, hydrophobic interactions and electrostatic forces exist between the macromolecules. AXs of fresh maize bran could prevent protein denaturation and improve the emulsion capacity and gel properties of bighead carp MP.
In vitro and in vivo effects of pectin‐type polysaccharides isolated from crabapples (Malus prunifolia) on inflammatory colitis models
Authors: Shin Hyun Young , Kim Yeon Suk , Kim Hoon , Lee Kyung‐Haeng , Bae Yun‐Jung , Moon Sung‐Kwon , Shin Kwang‐Soon , Suh Hyung Joo , Yu Kwang‐Won 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the anti‐inflammatory effects of polysaccharides extracted from crabapples (Malus prunifolia; MP) in vitro and in vivo. Crabapples were subjected to hot water extraction to obtain MP‐HW, which was further separated into low (MP‐L) and high molecular weight (MW) (crude polysaccharide; MP‐CP) fractions by ethanol precipitation. Based on MW distribution, general composition, component sugars, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, MP‐CP was identified as a pectin‐type polysaccharide rich in galacturonic acid with an MW of 106.2 kDa. MP‐CP inhibited the production and mRNA expression of proinflammatory factors in an IL‐1β‐treated intestinal epithelial cell model. In addition, MP‐CP significantly alleviated the body weight, disease activity index score, colon length, and spleen weight in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis. The MP‐CP‐treated group showed effective regulation of the expression of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory factors and immunoglobulin A than the DSS‐treated group. Haematoxylin and eosin and Alcian blue staining revealed that MP‐CP alleviated inflammatory manifestations and mucin expression in the intestinal lumen. Collectively, pectin‐type polysaccharides isolated from crabapples may be used as a new functional food and pharmaceutical agent for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory colitis.
Effect of proteins and gums on rheology of rice flour, quality characteristics and estimated glycaemic index of low amylose rice gluten‐free penne
Authors: Sriwichai Wichien , Rittisak Sriwiang , Savedboworn Wanticha , Prasajak Patcharee , Moongngarm Anuchita , Photinam Ratchaneeporn , Suksomboon Anocha , Detchewa Pakkawat 
Published: August 2024

SummaryGluten‐free rice penne (GFRP) was developed from low amylose rice flour by incorporating egg white protein, soy protein isolate, guar gum and xanthan gum to produce penne with low estimated glycaemic index (eGI). The rheology of rice flour, textural properties, cooking quality, resistant starch (RS) and eGI of GFRP were investigated. Addition of proteins and hydrocolloids increased the storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″). Rice gel with proteins and hydrocolloids formed a stronger and more elastic gel than the control, with highest G′ observed in rice gel with 5% egg white protein and 1% guar gum. Incorporation of proteins and hydrocolloids in GFRP significantly increased firmness, improved cooking quality and increased RS content. The eGI of GFRP added with egg white protein and guar gum reduced from seventy‐one to fifty‐three. Results suggested that the development of low eGI penne was possible by incorporating egg white proteins and guar gum.