bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transposition of the lingual thyroid gland to the submandibular region through a submandibular approach: A case report
Authors: Yin Yu-Ting , Gui Chao 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Ectopic thyroid at the base of the tongue is a rare congenital condition, and it is even rarer to have clinical symptoms and require surgical intervention. This disease is easily misdiagnosed preoperatively. This article reports the diagnosis, surgical treatment, and follow-up of a case of lingual thyroid.
CASE SUMMARY
The patient was a 54-year-old woman who presented with laryngeal foreign body sensation and dysphagia for 20 d. The lingual thyroid was considered for general examination, and surgery was performed to transpose the lingual thyroid to the right submaxillary region. Pathological analysis confirmed thyroid tissue. The patient experienced complete remission after surgery, but developed hypothyroidism and required thyroid hormone replacement therapy, and her thyroid function gradually recovered over time.
CONCLUSION
We report a rare case of lingual thyroid with marked laryngeal foreign body sensation and dysphagia. Symptoms were completely relieved by transposition surgery but postoperative hypothyroidism developed.
CronkhiteCanada syndrome complicated with pulmonary embolism: A case report
Authors: He Mao-Lang , Zheng Yong , Tian Shu-Xin 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) is a rare disease, that causes gastrointestinal polyps, ectodermal abnormalities, and gastrointestinal symptoms. CCS is prone to thromboembolism, but clinical workers have not yet established a clinical consciousness of preventing thromboembolism. The present case illustrates pulmonary embolism (PE) complicated by CCS.
CASE SUMMARY
A 46-year-old male patient presented with mucus, purulent, and bloody stool. Ectodermal changes included skin pigmentation, alopecia, and nail dystrophy. Colonoscopy revealed the presence of multiple polyps. After a comprehensive evaluation, the patient was diagnosed with CCS. During the disease, he was also diagnosed with pulmonary embolism, Riehl's melanosis, and intestinal flora imbalance. After symptomatic treatment with omeprazole, mesalazine, rivaroxaban, nutritional support, and regulation of intestinal flora, the patient’s symptoms were significantly relieved.
CONCLUSION
CCS complicated with PE was reported for the first time in China in this study. Despite the fact that CCS is extremely rare, patients with CCS should be classified as a high-risk venous thromboembolism (VTE) population, and emphasis should be placed on venous thromboembolism risk assessment and stratification, deep venous thromboembolism screening, prevention of VTE, and careful long-term follow-up.
Design and theoretical analysis of broadband bend-resistant low-loss hollow-core anti-resonant fiber
Authors: Cai Mengya , Shi Weihua , Lou Yue , Gu Yuying 
Published: July 2024

With the development of modern fiber-optic communication technology, bend-resistant low-loss fiber within the S+C+L bands is essential to meeting the requirements of dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems, and a small-tube-added multi-nested hollow-core anti-resonant fiber (SM-HC-ARF) is proposed. In conventional double-nested HC-ARF, a pair of circular tubes are tangent to both the inner and outer tubes to form a multi-nested structure. A small tube is put in the gap between the nested structure to enhance the anti-resonance effect further. The influence of fiber structural parameters on transmission characteristics is analyzed by the finite element method combined with the perfect matching layer condition. The numerical results show that, in the range of 1460–1625 nm, the bending loss and the confinement loss are less than 1.17 (at a bending radius of 8 cm) and 0.80 dB/km, respectively. Specifically, at 1550 nm, the bending loss is 0.43 dB/km, and the confinement loss is 0.33 dB/km. The broadband anti-bending low-loss SM-HC-ARF can be expected to apply in the DWDM system and other optical communication technologies.
A cluster-randomized trial of client and provider directed financial interventions to align incentives with appropriate case management in private medicine retailers: Results of the TESTsmART trial in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Visser Theodoor , Laktabai Jeremiah , Kimachas Emmah , Kipkoech Joseph , Menya Diana , Arthur David , Zhou Yunji , Chepkwony Tabitha , Abel Lucy , Robie Emily , Amunga Mark , Ambani George , Uhomoibhi Perpetua , Ogbulafor Nnenna , Oshinowo Abimbola , Ogunsola Oluwatosin , Woldeghebriel Meley , Garber Elizabeth , Olaleye Tayo , Eze Nwamaka , Nwidae Lekia , Mudabai Pamela , Gallis John A. , Fashanu Chizoba , Saran Indrani , Woolsey Aaron , Wiwa Owens , Turner Elizabeth L. , Prudhomme O’Meara Wendy 
Published: July 2024

Malaria remains a major health priority in Nigeria. Among children with fever who seek care, less than a quarter gets tested for malaria, leading to inappropriate use of the recommended treatment for malaria; Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT). Here we test an innovative strategy to target ACT subsidies to clients seeking care in Nigeria’s private retail health sector who have a confirmed malaria diagnosis. We supported point-of-care malaria testing (mRDTs) in 48 Private Medicine Retailers (PMRs) in the city of Lagos, Nigeria and randomized them to two study arms; a control arm offering subsidized mRDT testing for USD $0.66, and an intervention arm where, in addition to access to subsidized testing as in the control arm, clients who received a positive mRDT at the PMR were eligible for a free (fully subsidized) first-line ACT and PMRs received USD $0.2 for every mRDT performed. Our primary outcome was the proportion of ACTs dispensed to individuals with a positive diagnostic test. Secondary outcomes included proportion of clients who were tested at the PMR and adherence to diagnostic test results. Overall, 23% of clients chose to test at the PMR. Test results seemed to inform treatment decisions and resulted in enhanced targeting of ACTs to confirmed malaria cases with only 26% of test-negative clients purchasing an ACT compared to 58% of untested clients. However, the intervention did not offer further improvements, compared to the control arm, in testing rates or dispensing of ACTs to test-positive clients. We found that ACT subsidies were not passed on to clients testing positive in the intervention arm. We conclude that mRDTs could reduce ACT overconsumption in Nigeria’s private retail health sector, but PMR-oriented incentive structures are difficult to implement and may need to be complemented with interventions targeting clients of PMRs to increase test uptake and adherence.
Trials registration: Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT04428307. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7816435/ Correction: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9476591/.
Global incidence and mortality of childhood leukemia and its relationship with the Human Development Index
Authors: Mohammadian-Hafshejani Abdollah , Farber Irina M. , Kheiri Soleiman 
Published: July 2024

Background
Childhood leukemia (CL) is a major global concern, accounting for 33% of all new cancer cases and 31% of all cancer deaths in children aged 0–14 years. Our study aimed to analyze the global incidence and mortality rates of CL in 2020 and its relationship with the Human Development Index (HDI).

Material and methods
In this ecologic study, we analyzed the 2020 cancer incidence and mortality data for children aged 0–14 years from the GLOBOCAN Project. We calculated the Age-Standardized Incidence Rate (ASIR) and Age-Standardized Mortality Rate (ASMR) of CL per 100,000 individuals. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to examine the association between childhood leukemia ASIR, ASMR, and the HDI, with a statistical significance threshold of P<0.05.

Results
In 2020, there were a total of 67,008 new cases of CL worldwide, with males accounting for 57.85%. The global ASIR for CL was 3.4 per 100,000 (3.9 in males, 3 in females). Additionally, there were 25,080 CL-related deaths, with males comprising 58.86%. The overall ASMR for CL was 1.3 (1.4 in males, 1.1 in females). We found a significant positive correlation (r = 0.405, P≤0.001) between the global ASIR and ASMR for CL. There was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.770, P = 0.001) between the HDI and childhood leukemia ASIR, but no significant association (r = 0.077, P = 0.337) was observed with ASMR.

Conclusion
Our study reveals that CL remains a significant health burden worldwide. We identified a positive correlation between the ASIR of CL and the HDI, indicating a potential role of socioeconomic factors in CL incidence.
Relationship between social cognition and emotional markers and acoustic-verbal hallucination in youth with post-traumatic stress disorder: Protocol for a prospective, 2-year, longitudinal case-control study
Authors: Dumas Louise-Emilie , Fernandez Arnaud , Auby Philippe , Askenazy Florence 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Auditory-verbal hallucinatory experiences (AVH) have a 12% prevalence in the general pediatric population. Literature reports a higher risk of developing AVH in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The persistence of AVHs during adolescence represents a risk of evolution into psychotic disorders. Social cognition and emotional markers could be considered prodromes markers of this evolution. The objectives of this prospective observational study are to observe social cognition and emotional markers correlation with the presence and persistence of AVH over two years and with the evolution of PTSD and psychotic diagnosis.

Methods and analysis
This prospective case-control study, longitudinal over two years (with an interim reassessment at six months and one year), will include 40 participants aged 8 to 16 years old with a diagnosis of PTSD and without a diagnosis of psychosis according to the criteria of DSM-5 (K-SADS-PL). Subjects included are divided into two groups with AVH and without AVH matched by gender, age and diagnosis. The primary outcome measure will be the correlation between social cognition and emotional makers and the presence of AVH in the PTSD pediatric population without psychotic disorders. The social cognition marker is assessed with the NEPSY II test. The emotional marker is assessed with the Differential Emotion Scale IV and the Revised Beliefs About Voices Questionnaire. The secondary outcome measures are the correlation of these markers with the persistence of AVH and the evolution of the patient’s initial diagnosis two years later.

Discussion
The originality of our protocol is to explore the potential progression to psychosis from PTSD by cognitive biases. This study supports the hypothesis of connections between PTSD and AVH through sensory, emotional and cognitive biases. It proposes a continuum model from PTSD to psychotic disorder due to impaired perception like AVH.

Trial registration
Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03356028.
Smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching occurs independent of aortic dilation in bicuspid aortic valve-associated ascending aortas
Authors: Balint Brittany , Bernstorff Inés García Lascurain , Schwab Tanja , Schäfers Hans-Joachim 
Published: July 2024

Background
Bicuspid aortic valves (BAV) are frequently associated with ascending aortic aneurysms. The etiology is incompletely understood, but genetic factors, in addition to flow perturbations, are likely involved. Since loss of contractility and elaboration of extracellular matrix in the vessel wall are features of BAV-associated aortopathy, phenotypic modulation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) may play a role.

Methods
Ascending aortic tissue was collected intra-operatively from 25 individuals with normal (i.e., tricuspid) aortic valves (TAV) and from 25 individuals with BAVs. For both TAV and BAV, 10 patients had non-dilated (ND) and 15 patients had dilated (D) aortas. SMCs were isolated and cultured from a subset of patients from each group. Aortic tissue and SMCs were fluorescently immunolabeled for SMC phenotypic markers (i.e., alpha-smooth muscle actin (ASMA, contractile), vimentin (synthetic) and p16INK4a and p21Cip1 (senescence). SMCs were also analyzed for replicative senescence in culture.

Results
In normal-sized and dilated BAV aortas, SMCs switched from the contractile state to either synthetic or senescent phenotypes, as observed by loss of ASMA (ND: P = 0.001, D: P = 0.002) and associated increases in vimentin (ND: P = 0.03, D: P = 0.004) or p16/p21 (ND: P = 0.03, D: P<0.0001) compared to TAV. Dilatation of the aorta exacerbated SMC phenotypic switching in both BAV and TAV aortas (all P<0.05). In SMCs cultured from normal and dilated aortas, those isolated from BAV reached replicative senescence faster than those from TAV aortas (all P = 0.02). Furthermore, there was a stark inverse correlation between ASMA and cell passage number in BAV SMCs (ND: P = 0.0006, D: P = 0.01), but not in TAV SMCs (ND: P = 0.93, D: P = 0.20).

Conclusions
The findings of this study provide direct evidence from cell culture studies implying that SMCs switch from the contractile state to either synthetic or senescent phenotypes in the non-dilated BAV aorta. In cultured SMCs from both non-dilated and dilated aortas, we found that this process may precede dilatation and accompany aneurysm development in BAV. Our findings suggest that therapeutically targeting SMC phenotypic modulation in BAV patients may be a viable option to prevent or delay ascending aortic aneurysm formation.
Las nuevas reglas del juego que la Inteligencia Artificial introduce en el periodismo [Reseña]
Authors: Vargues-Vara David 
Published: July 2024

El libro Inteligencia Artificial, Periodismo y Democracia, editado por Tamara Vázquez Barrio e Idoia Salazar García, es una obra colectiva en la que participan un total de 22 miembros investigadores especialistas en disciplinas dispares, encargados de analizar, a lo largo de 16 capítulos y bajo una mirada crítica, los beneficios y los puntos de mejora derivados del uso de la Inteligencia Artificial en el periodismo, así como en la información que la ciudadanía obtiene fruto del resultado entre la interacción periodista-tecnología. La desinformación, la manipulación, la aparición de sesgos, la caída de los niveles de credibilidad y el desconocimiento hacia las nuevas herramientas, comportan algunas de las debilidades que se desprenden del actual modelo de generación y difusión de contenido. Como contraposición, existe una postura, todavía más tímida, acerca de las posibilidades ventajosas al alcance de la mano para la profesión en particular y la sociedad en general, como la automatización de tareas rutinarias o el aumento de la productividad, si bien han de ir supeditadas a la implantación y renovación de principios deontológicos que, de forma paulatina, comienzan a incorporar recomendaciones específicas para el sector digital, y de unas líneas rojas delimitadas por la conciencia y la ética humana.
Tenofovir Induced Fanconi Syndrome - A Case Report
Authors: Noufira Poomakoth  , Laila K.V.  , Shilpa Kadangal  
Published: June 2024

Tenofovir is a potent antiretroviral agent that has been in clinical use for the treatment of HIV and chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Fanconi syndrome is a rare complication occurring in <0.1% of HIV patients treated with Tenofovir. Fanconi syndrome is a defect of the renal proximal tubule leading to malabsorption of various electrolytes and substances that are usually absorbed by the proximal tubule. It is diagnosed by decreased urine output, polydipsia, hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, and hyperchloremic (non-anion-gap) metabolic acidosis. Here we present two cases of acute kidney injury with features of Fanconi syndrome due to Tenofovir reported in the Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) monitoring centre of Government Medical College Kozhikode. Both the patients showed clinical improvement on changing the treatment from Tenofovir combination to Abacavir combination regimen. The purpose of this case report is to recommend that patients receiving Tenofovir combination regimen should be screened for renal functions and electrolyte balance from the start of therapy and periodically monitored for atleast a year.
Tenofovir is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor, approved by US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection,in combination with other antiretroviral agents and Hepatitis B infection in adults.[1] Tenofovir is generally well tolerated by patients and has an excellent safety record. However, there are reports of rare episodes of acute renal failure and Fanconi syndrome with the use of Tenofovir and hence caution should be exercised when using this drug in patients with pre-existing renal disease.[1,2] Fanconi syndrome is a generalized defect in proximal renal tubule transport involving amino acids, bicarbonate, glucose, potassium, phosphate, uric acid and proteins leading to malabsorption of these molecules. The clinical presentation includes polydipsia, polyuria, dehydration, and osteomalacia.[3] This syndrome can be an inherited condition or acquired due to outdated tetracyclines, or drugs like cisplatin, gentamicin, tenofovir and valproic acid.[4,5,6] Here, we report two cases of Fanconi syndrome which was probably induced by Tenofovir.
This is a case of a known but rare complication of tenofovir. Also, as a part of pharmacovigilance Programme of India all known/unknown, frequent/rare, serious/known serious adverse effects have to be reported by the healthcare professionals and by the patients to the ADR Monitoring Center.
Hence, we followed up the cases reported by the physicians, so that the patients receiving this combination can be screened for renal functions and electrolyte balance from the start of therapy and monitored during the first year. This will ensure an early detection and management of the Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR).
A high degree of suspicion is to be kept for this rare syndrome while prescribing the drug tenofovir.
MODEL COMPARISON OF VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE RESHAPED AND SARIMA IN SEASONAL DATA (A CASE STUDY OF TEA PRODUCTION IN PT PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA VIII INDONESIA)
Authors: Ratnaningsih Dewi Juliah , Adam Fia Fridayanti 
Published: July 2024

PT Perkebunan Nusantara VIII (PTPN VIII) is a State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN). It operates in the plantation sector. The leading commodity is tea. The demand for tea produced by PTPN VIII is increasing. Thus, planning tea production is necessary. One of the production planning efforts is through forecasting based on previous data. Tea production data is time-series data. It contains seasonal elements and is dependent on other locations. We will analyze data with these criteria using space-time models, one of which is vector autoregressive (VAR). VAR models the relationship between observations on certain variables at one time. It also models the observation of the variable itself at previous times. Additionally, VAR models the relationship between observations and other variables at previous times. This paper explains how to forecast tea production. It uses the reconstituted VAR and Seasonal Autoregressive Moving Average (SARIMA) models. The results showed that the reconstituted VAR model was better than the SARIMA model in predicting tea production. The tea production prediction was at the Sedep and Santosa plantations in Bandung Regency.
Masquerade of authority: hijacked journals are gaining more credibility than original ones
Authors: Hegedűs Mihály , Dadkhah Mehdi , Dávid Lóránt D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAt the moment, the academic world is faced with various challenges that negatively impact science integrity. One is hijacked journals, a second, inauthentic website for indexed legitimate journals, managed by cybercriminals. These journals publish any manuscript by charging authors and pose a risk to scientific integrity. This piece compares a journal’s original and hijacked versions regarding authority in search engines. A list of 16 medical journals, along with their hijacked versions, has been collected. The MOZ Domain Authority has been used to check the authority of both original and hijacked journals, and the results have been discussed. It indicates that hijacked journals are gaining more credibility than original ones. This should alarm academia and highlights a need for serious action against hijacked journals. The related policies should be planned, and tools should be developed to support easy detection of hijacked journals. On the publishers’ side, the visibility of journals’ websites must be enhanced to address this issue.
Gamma-ray shielding investigation of nano- and microstructures of SnO on polyester resin composites: Experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Al-Saleh Wafa M. , Almutairi Haifa M. , Alsafi Khalid , Nabil Islam M. , Elsafi Mohamed 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Based on the experimental and theoretical radiation attenuation, this study produced and tested a composite material made of polyester reinforced with SnO at varied concentrations and abbreviated as Pol-SnOx, where x = 0–60% with steps of 20 wt% Also, the polyester samples were doped with SnO of different particle sizes: Micro, Nano, and 50% Micro/50% Nano mix to investigate the effect of the particle size on the radiation attenuation performance. In the photon energy range of 0.015–15 MeV, their radiation shielding properties were empirically determined using an HPGe detector and theoretically determined using Phy-X/PSD software. The linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) values dropped from 1.361 to 0.022 cm−1 for Pol-SnO0, from 13.611 to 0.033 cm−1 for Pol-SnO20, from 31.700 to 0.049 cm−1 for Pol-SnO40, and from 61.076 to 0.076 cm−1 for Pol-SnO60 in the photon energy (Eγ) range from 0.015 to 15 MeV. The LAC values of the fabricated Pol-SnOx samples increased as the SnO concentrations increased. Also, the addition of 50% Micro/50% Nano mix particle size of the SnO to the polyester significantly increased the values of the LAC. The percentages of LAC improvement of SnO nano-particles were 16.625%, 13.236%, 8.714%, and 7.935% at the Eγ values of 0.059, 0.661, 1.173, and 1.332 MeV, respectively. Also, the LAC values were enhanced by adding SnO containing 50% Micro/50% Nano mix particles by 19.097%, 15.271%, 9.854%, and 9.071% at the Eγ values of 0.059, 0.661, 1.173, and 1.332 MeV, respectively, when compared to microparticles. The addition of 50% Micro/50% Nano Mix of SnO with 60% content to the polyester showed the highest LAC and radiation protection efficiency and lowest half-value layer and transmission factor among the other samples due to increased SnO doping and interparticle distances of the Micro and Nano mix.
Non-Speaking Autistic Participation in Liturgy and Church Life: (Non-)Speech Acts
Authors: van Ommen Armand Léon , Cundill Helena 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Many liturgies depend on speech. But how do those autistic people who do not speak, or speak only minimally, participate in liturgy? This article addresses how eight non- or minimally-speaking autistic people experience liturgy. Having used a range of methods for data collection, we identified two key themes in the data: the desire for (1) liturgical and (2) social participation. We interpret these findings in light of speech-act theory. We propose that conventions around what is interpreted as meaningful communication or prayer are socially constructed and can be shaped to take account of the contribution made by non- or minimally-speaking worshippers.