bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating into casting LMPA (low-melting-point alloy) with 3D-printed mould and inspecting quality using 3D scanning
Authors: Parvanda Rishi , Kala Prateek 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
Three-dimensional (3D) casting means using additive manufacturing (AM) techniques to print the mould for casting the cast tool. The printed mould, however, should be checked for its dimensional accuracy. 3D scanning can be used for the same. The purpose of this study is to combine the different AM techniques for 3D casting with 3D scanning to produce parts with close tolerance for preparing electrical discharge machining (EDM) electrodes.

Design/methodology/approach
The four processes, namely, stereolithography, selective laser sintering, fused deposition modelling and vacuum casting, are used to print the casting mould. The mould is designed in two halves, assembled to form a complete mould. The mould is 3D scanned in two stages: before and after using it as a casting mould. The mould's average and maximum dimensional deviations are calculated using 3D-scanned results. The eutectic Sn-Bi alloy is cast in the mould. The surface roughness of the mould and the cast tool are measured.

Findings
The cast tool is selected from the four processes in terms of dimensional accuracy and surface finish. The same is electroplated with copper. The microstructure of the cast tool (low-melting-point alloy) and deposited copper is analysed using a scanning electron microscope. Energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques are used to verify the composition of the cast and coated alloy. The electroplated tool is finally tested on the EDM setup. The material removal rate and tool wear are measured. The performance is compared with a solid copper tool. The free-form customised EDM mould is also prepared, and the profile is cast out. The same is tested on the EDM. Thus, the developed path can be successfully used for rapid tooling applications.

Originality/value
The eutectic composition of Sn-Bi is cast in the 3D-printed mould using different AM techniques combined with 3D scanning quality to check its feasibility as an EDM electrode, which is a novel work and has not been done previously.
Creating space for playfully learning to collaborate across organizational boundaries
Authors: Schruijer Sandra G.L. , Taillieu Tharsi C.B. , Vansina Leopold S. , Curșeu Petru L. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to introduce the authors’ action research praxis regarding the development of collaborative relations between organizations that incorporates an element of play. Based on transitional change thinking, the authors use play and simulation, creating a naturalistic setting, and provide spacing for relational dynamics to unfold so as to learn from these.

Design/methodology/approach
The perspective taken in this paper draws on organizational psychology, systems psychodynamics and organization development.

Findings
One workshop is described in detail, namely, “The Yacht Club.”

Originality/value
The rationale for and design of workshops that provide transitional space for experiencing, researching and learning about interorganizational dynamics as a valuable alternative to positivist experimentation are described.
The relationship between self-care management with quality of life at elderly with hypertension in nursing home of Jember
Authors: Kurdi Fahruddin , Putri Maharani Sekar , Susanto Tantut 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the relationship between self-care management and quality of life in elderly hypertensives at the Jember Nursing Home.

Design/methodology/approach
Thirty-five respondents were collected for a cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling. This study used the Hypertension Self-Management Behavior Questionnaire and Quality of Life-Elderly, as well as a questionnaire about individual characteristics. Kendall's Tau-b Test was used to analyze the data obtained from this study.

Findings
The majority of the elderly in the Jember Nursing Home reported having moderate self-care management (46.9%) and moderate quality of life (57.1%). This study found a significant positive correlation between self-care management and quality of life (p-value = 0.001), which was weak and significant (r = 0.282).

Research limitations/implications
This research has limitations on the number of respondents used in this study, because this research was only conducted in one place (one site center). Include the respondent's features more in the past history, and only a few are related to the physical health domain. So that further research can be conducted on more respondents, with a wider coverage of locations and adding some of the characteristics of respondents related to the domain of physical and psychological health.

Practical implications
The role of gerontology in overcoming loneliness in the elderly is to increase health service activities, both primary and secondary, such as monitoring blood pressure, providing consultations and routine examinations for the elderly related to hypertension and being able to control the dietary intake of hypertensive foods in the elderly.

Originality/value
Elderly in nursing homes experience hypertension due to poor self-care management problems, which will have an impact on worsening quality of life conditions.
Pyrin‐associated autoinflammation with neutrophilic dermatosis: A case report
Authors: Bueno‐Molina Rocío C. , Hernández‐Rodríguez Juan‐Carlos , Zulueta‐Dorado Teresa , Pereyra‐Rodriguez Jose‐Juan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPyrin‐associated autoinflammation with neutrophilic dermatosis (PAAND) is a rare, monogenic, autoinflammatory disorder caused by mutations in exon 2 of the MEFV gene. Characterized by neutrophilic dermatosis, recurrent fever, and arthralgia, this syndrome presents a diagnostic challenge due to its low prevalence and varied clinical manifestations. Here, we present the case of a 49‐year‐old Spanish male with severe hidradenitis suppurativa and pyoderma gangrenosum with a heterozygous variant (p.E244K) in the MEFV gene, consistent with PAAND syndrome. This variant has only been documented in one other case with notable similarities. Both patients share Spanish ancestry and present a severe form of hidradenitis suppurativa. Treatment of the disorder presents challenges due to its variable response to standard therapies. Anti‐interleukin‐1 agents, such as anakinra or anti‐tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α are the therapeutic approaches supported by the most substantial evidence. Our findings highlight the importance of genetic evaluation of MEFV mutations in individuals with neutrophilic dermatosis and systemic symptoms.
Variants in the L12 linker domain of KRT10 are causal to atypical epidermolytic ichthyosis
Authors: van der Velden J. J. A. J. , van Gisbergen M. W. , Kamps M. A. F. , Janssen R. , Diercks G. F. H. , Steijlen P. M. , van Geel M. , Bolling M. C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEpidermolytic ichthyosis (EI) is a type of congenital ichthyosis, characterized by erythema and blistering at birth followed by hyperkeratosis. EI is caused by pathogenic variants in the genes KRT1 and KRT10, encoding the proteins keratin 1 (KRT1) and keratin 10 (KRT10), respectively, and is primarily transmitted by autosomal‐dominant inheritance, although recessive inheritance caused by nonsense variants in KRT10 is also described. The keratins form a network of intermediate filaments and are a structural component of the cytoskeleton, giving strength and resilience to the skin. We present three cases of mild EI caused by pathogenic KRT10 variations in the L12 linker domain. To our knowledge, this is the first time L12 linker domain pathogenic variants are identified in KRT10 for EI. The aim of this study was to identify gene variants for patients with EI in KRT1 or KRT10. To establish the pathogenicity of the found variations in KRT10, we evaluated all patients and available family members clinically. Genetic analyses were performed using Sanger sequencing. Vectors containing wild‐type or mutated forms of KRT10 were transfected into HaCaT cells and analyzed by high‐resolution confocal microscopy. Genetic analysis of KRT10 identified a heterozygous de novo variant c.910G>A p.(Val304Met) in family 1, a familial heterozygous variant c.911T>C p.(Val304Ala) in family 2, and a familial heterozygous variant c.917T>C p.(Met306Thr) in family 3. All identified missense variants were located in the L12 linker domain of KRT10. In vitro study of aggregate formation of the missense variants in KRT10 only showed a very mild and not quantifiable aggregate formation in the KRT10 network, compared with the wild‐type sequence. We report three different novel missense variants in the L12 linker domain of KRT10 in patients with an atypical, milder form of EI resembling peeling skin syndrome.
Fungal trait‐environment relationships in wood‐inhabiting communities of boreal forest patches
Authors: Dawson Samantha K. , Berglund Håkan , Ovaskainen Otso , Jonsson Bengt G. , Snäll Tord , Ottosson Elisabet , Jönsson Mari 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Fungal traits can provide a mechanistic understanding of how wood‐inhabiting fungi interact with their environment and how that influences community assembly in deadwood. However, fungal trait exploration is relatively new and almost no studies measure fungal traits in their environment.

In this study we tested species‐ and trait‐environment relationships in reproducing fungal communities inhabiting 571 Norway spruce (Picea abies) logs in 55 isolated forest patches (0.1–9.9 ha) of different naturalness types, located in Northern boreal Sweden. The studied patches were (1) semi‐natural set‐aside patches within highly managed landscapes, or (2) old‐growth natural patches located in an unmanaged landscape. We tested species and trait relationships to deadwood substrate and forest patch variables. We measured mean fruit body size and density for each of the 19 species within communities.

Traits assembled in relation to log decay stage and forest patch naturalness, illustrating the important role of deterministic environmental filtering in shaping reproducing wood‐inhabiting fungal communities. Early decay stage communities had larger, less dense, annual fruiting bodies of half‐resupinate type and were more often white‐rot fungi. Species rich mid‐decay stage communities had mixed trait assemblages with more long lived perennial fruit bodies of intermediate size, and both brown‐ and white‐rot fungi equally represented. Finally, late decay stage communities had smaller, denser and perennial fruit bodies, more often of the brown‐rot type.

The relationships between the studied traits and decay stages were similar in both set‐aside and natural patches. However, set‐aside semi‐natural patches in highly managed landscapes more frequently supported species with smaller, perennial and resupinate fruit bodies compared to natural patches in an unmanaged landscape.

Synthesis. We found that log decay stage was the primary driver of fungal community assembly of species and traits in isolated forest patches. Our results suggest that decay stage filters four reproduction traits (fruit body density, size, lifespan and type) and one resource‐use trait (white or brown rot). Our results highlights, for the first time, that communities with diverse fungal reproductive traits are maintained foremost across all deadwood decay stages under different forest naturalness conditions.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Elastic full waveform inversion for tilted transverse isotropic media: A multi‐step strategy accounting for a symmetry axis tilt angle
Authors: Song Hengli , Liu Yuzhu , Yang Jizhong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTransversely isotropic media with a tilted symmetry axis (TTI) exits widely underground due to tectonic movement and mineral orientation. Traditional full waveform inversion (FWI) based on isotropic media or transversely isotropic media with a vertical symmetry axis (VTI) cannot deal with such situations. To address this limitation, TTI–based FWI was developed. However, its practical application faces challenges in estimating the symmetry axis tilt angle . Previous studies have generally assumed that is equal to the strata dip angle, which is incorrect in complex structures such as salt domes and magmatic intrusion zones. Another theoretically robust way to estimate is to treat it as the parameter to be inverted, but there are still some problems unresolved. First, the parameter increases the nonlinearity of the inversion process, and its impact mechanism on inversion is not yet clear. Second, there is severe crosstalk (also known as trade‐off or coupling) between parameters, but the current parameter decoupling technique for TTI–based FWI is not mature. To address the first problem, we assess the interaction between and other parameters by analysing the radiation patterns in the TTI background. Our analysis reveals that is most coupled by S‐wave vertical velocity , and substantially affects anisotropic parameters and . Therefore, we conclude that a good inversion of velocity parameters is a prerequisite for recovering , and only after recovers can and be recovered. This conclusion provides a natural perspective for solving the second problem. We therefore propose a multi‐step and multi‐parameter joint inversion strategy to gradually improve the quality of parameter inversion and weaken their coupling. Numerical experiments demonstrate that our strategy achieves more accurate inversion results compared to previously proposed multi‐parameter inversion strategies. Finally, the application to the field OBN dataset acquired from the South China Sea verifies the practicality of our method.
Research on 3D modelling of induced polarization in polarizability anisotropic media
Authors: Ling Jiaxuan , Deng Wei , Wei Shiwei , Chen Qingrui , He Lihua , Liu Siqin , Li Mengmeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo enhance the 3D numerical simulation of the induced polarization method within anisotropic media, our study employs the 2D Fourier transform technique. This technique is utilized to convert the 3D integral of the abnormal potential from the space domain into a 1D integral in the wave number domain. Subsequently, we apply the shape function integration method, which is founded on quadratic interpolation, to resolve the 1D integral equation effectively. This methodology significantly decreases the necessary computational resources and storage while simultaneously harnessing the high efficiency and accuracy of the 1D shape function integration method, as well as the high efficiency of the fast Fourier transform, optimizing the numerical simulation process of the induced polarization method. We validate the accuracy of our algorithmic approach using an equivalent uniform layered model. Furthermore, by employing the sphere model, we conduct a comparison of computation time with the finite element method, thereby demonstrating high efficiency of the proposed algorithm. Utilizing the OpenMP parallel algorithm, we confirm that the proposed algorithm has a high degree of parallelism. We also analyse the differences in the equivalent apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability for various electrical parameters, using a prismatic model as the basis for our analysis. Our results clearly indicate that the anisotropy of the polarizability exerts substantial influence on the observe data. Consequently, the implications of polarizability anisotropy are deemed critical and not be disregarded in the field detection applications.
Alternative splicing in parallel evolution and the evolutionary potential in sticklebacks
Authors: Luo Man , Hu Juntao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Repeatability of adaptation to similar environments provides opportunity to evaluate the predictability of natural selection. While many studies have investigated gene expression differences between populations adapted to contrasting environments, the role of post‐transcriptional processes such as alternative splicing has rarely been evaluated in the context of parallel adaptation.

To address the aforementioned knowledge gap, we reanalysed transcriptomic data from three pairs of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) ecotypes adapted to marine or freshwater environment. First, we identified genes with repeated expression or splicing divergence across ecotype pairs, and compared the genetic architecture and biological processes between parallelly expressed and parallelly spliced loci. Second, we analysed the extent to which parallel adaptation was reflected at gene expression and alternative splicing levels. Finally, we tested how the two axes of transcriptional variation differed in their potential for evolutionary change.

Although both repeated differential splicing and differential expression across ecotype pairs showed tendency for parallel divergence, the degree of parallelism was lower for splicing than expression. Furthermore, parallel divergences in splicing and expression were likely to be associated with distinct cis‐regulatory genetic variants and functionally unique set of genes. Finally, we found that parallelly spliced genes showed higher nucleotide diversity than parallelly expressed genes, indicating splicing is less susceptible to genetic variation erosion during parallel adaptation.

Our results provide novel insight into the role of splicing in parallel adaptation, and underscore the contribution of splicing to the evolutionary potential of wild populations under environmental change.
Integrated policymaking is needed to deliver climate and ecological benefits from solar farms
Authors: Carvalho Fabio , Lee Hing Kin , Blaydes Hollie , Treasure Lucy , Harrison Laura J. , Montag Hannah , Vucic Kristina , Scurlock Jonathan , White Piran C. L. , Sharp Stuart P. , Clarkson Tom , Armstrong Alona 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMulti‐purpose land use is of great importance for sustainable development, particularly in the context of increasing pressures on land to provide ecosystem services (e.g. food, energy) and support biodiversity.The recent global increase in land‐take for utility‐scale ground‐mounted solar farms (hereafter referred to as solar farms) to meet Net Zero targets presents an opportunity for enhanced delivery of ecosystem services, especially in temperate ecosystems where solar farm development often results in land use change away from comparatively intensive agricultural land management. Solar farms have long operational lifespans, experience low levels of disturbance during operation and can be managed for ecosystem services beyond low‐carbon electricity generation, including food production and biodiversity conservation.Here, we briefly synthesise the mechanisms by which solar farm development and operation may impact natural capital and ecosystem services, and provide policy recommendations for policymakers and the solar farm sector.Solar farms can deliver environmental benefits for hosting ecosystems while minimising negative impacts, with outcomes depending on location, construction techniques, and land management practices. However, the historical misalignment between climate, nature, and land use policies has hindered efforts to simultaneously address the climate and biodiversity crises through land use change for solar farms. For instance, existing public financial incentives in the UK that encourage landowners and developers to manage land for biodiversity largely exclude land with solar farms.Policy implications: We call for public policymakers to identify appropriate opportunities to amend existing national laws that address climate and biodiversity separately to improve integration of multiple aspects of the climate‐nature‐land use nexus into policymaking by: (1) formulating ecological and socio‐economic indicators and metrics that are appropriate to underpin the development, implementation, and assessment of public policies; (2) adopting a cross‐sectoral and cross‐government approach to form public policies; (3) ensuring solar farms can access public financial incentives that encourage sustainable land use; (4) implementing land use policies that incentivise funding from non‐government sources (e.g. private sector) into nascent nature markets; (5) embedding solar farms in biodiversity‐inclusive spatial planning policies and decision‐making; and (6) building equity and clarity into responsibilities and benefits for all actors involved.
Public responses to engineering equality: Gender quotas and satisfaction with democracy
Authors: WILLIAMS NEIL S. , SNIPES ALEXANDRA 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDoes the enactment of gender quotas in legislatures affect satisfaction with democracy? Although extensive research has generally affirmed the potential of gender quotas to advance women's political representation, our article investigates how quota adoption has shaped public attitudes toward democracy. We argue that positive effects resulting from the descriptive representation of women could be attenuated by negative reactions to the implementation of a quota system. Specifically, we posit that the backlash to these compulsory parity‐corrective policies will lead to lower levels of satisfaction with democracy, particularly for men. Using cross‐national survey evidence from as early as 1973 covering 69 countries and well over a million respondents, as well as a generalized synthetic control design to causally assess the impact of quotas, we find strong support for our expectations regarding the negative effects of quotas on democratic satisfaction. However, we do not find clear evidence that gender conditions this relationship and report heterogeneous region‐specific findings with ideology and support for quotas as moderators. Importantly, we observe the strongest negative associations between quotas and satisfaction in contexts with higher levels of corruption, specifically in Latin America. Seeing that quotas have the potential to generate lower levels of democratic satisfaction among men and women, our analysis contributes to our understanding of public responses to fast‐tracking women's representation and has broader implications for other top‐down initiatives aimed at deepening norms of democracy and equality.
Generation of genome‐wide SNP markers from minimally invasive sampling in endangered animals and applications in species ecology and conservation
Authors: Recknagel Hans , Močivnik Luka , Zakšek Valerija , Luo Yonglun , Kostanjšek Rok , Trontelj Peter 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHigh‐density genotyping methods have revolutionized the field of population and conservation genetics in the past decade. To exploit the technological and analytical advances in the field, access to high‐quality genetic material is a key component. However, access to such samples in endangered and rare animals is often challenging or even impossible. Here, we used a minimally invasive sampling method (MIS) in the endangered cave salamander Proteus anguinus, the olm, to generate thousands of genetic markers using ddRADseq for population and conservation genomic analyses. Using tail clips and MIS skin swabs taken from the same individual, we investigated genotyping data properties of the two different sampling types. We found that sufficient DNA can be extracted from swab samples to generate up to 200,000 polymorphic SNPs in divergent Proteus lineages. Swab and tissue samples were highly reproducible exhibiting low SNP genotyping error rates. We found that SNPs were most frequently (~50%) located within genic regions, while the rest mapped to mostly flanking regions of repetitive DNA. The vast majority of DNA recovered from swabbing was host DNA. However, a fraction of DNA recovered from swabs contained additional ecological information on the species, including eDNA from the surrounding environment and bacterial skin fauna. Most exogenous DNA recovered from swabs were bacteria (~80%), followed by vertebrates (~20%). Our results demonstrate that MIS can be used to (i) generate tens of thousands of ddRADseq markers for conservation and population genomic analyses and (ii) inform on the species health status and ecology from exogenous DNA.