bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo Raman spectroscopy for detection of oral neoplasia: A pilot clinical study
Authors: Krishna Hemant , Majumder Shovan Kumar , Chaturvedi Pankaj , Sidramesh Muttagi , Gupta Pradeep Kumar 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWe report a pilot study carried out to evaluate the applicability of in vivo Raman spectroscopy for differential diagnosis of malignant and potentially malignant lesions of human oral cavity in a clinical setting. The study involved 28 healthy volunteers and 171 patients having various lesions of oral cavity. The Raman spectra, measured from multiple sites of normal oral mucosa and of lesions belonging to three histopathological categories, viz. oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and leukoplakia (OLK), were subjected to a probability based multivariate statistical algorithm capable of direct multi‐class classification. With respect to histology as the gold standard, the diagnostic algorithm was found to provide an accuracy of 85%, 89%, 85% and 82% in classifying the oral tissue spectra into the four tissue categories based on leave‐one‐subject‐out cross validation. When employed for binary classification, the algorithm resulted in a sensitivity and specificity of 94% in discriminating normal from the rest of the abnormal spectra of OSCC, OSMF and OLK tissue sites pooled together. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
First Clinical Experience with TRV027: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Soergel David G. , Subach Ruth Ann , Cowan Conrad L. , Violin Jonathan D. , Lark Michael W. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractTRV027 is a novel β‐arrestin biased peptide ligand of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R). The compound antagonizes G protein coupling while simultaneously stimulating β‐arrestin‐mediated signaling. In preclinical studies, TRV027 reversibly reduced blood pressure while preserving renal function in a dog tachypaced heart failure model and stimulating cardiomyocyte contractility in vitro. This profile suggests that TRV027 may have unique benefits in acute heart failure, a condition associated with renin‐angiotensin system activation. A first‐time‐in‐human study was conducted with ascending doses of TRV027 to explore its tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in healthy volunteers. Subjects' salt intake was restricted to stimulate RAS activation. In this study TRV027 was safe and well tolerated with a short‐half‐life (ranging between 2.4 and 13.2 minutes) and dose‐proportional increases in systemic exposure. Consistent with the pre‐clinical findings, TRV027 reduced blood pressure to a greater degree in subjects with RAS activation, measured as elevated plasma renin activity, than in those with normal PRA levels. This study in sodium‐restricted healthy subjects suggests that TRV027 will successfully target a core mechanism of acute heart failure pathophysiology. Further clinical studies with TRV027 in patients with heart failure are underway.
Contribution of Renal and Non‐Renal Clearance on Increased Total Clearance of Adalimumab in Glomerular Disease
Authors: Roberts Brittney V. , Susano Isidro , Gipson Debbie S. , Trachtman Howard , Joy Melanie S. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe contribution of renal and non‐renal clearance toward targeted concentrations and/or effects of therapeutic proteins in nephrotic patients are unknown. This study dissected the contribution of clearance pathways to adalimumab elimination in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Urine was collected from seven patients treated with adalimumab. Renal clearance (ClR) was measured and non‐renal clearance (ClNR) was calculated as the difference between total clearance and ClR. Differences in cumulative amount in urine, ClR, and ClNR between study weeks 1 and 16 and relationships between proteinuria (protein:creatinine ratio (Up/c)), and ClR and ClNR were evaluated. Up to 13% of the adalimumab dose was lost in urine. ClNR contributed more than ClR to enhanced total clearance. There was a nonlinear relationship between Up/c and ClR (R2 0.7059); an increase in ClR beginning at Up/c of 12 mg/mg [slope 1.755, (C.I. −7.825 to 11.34)]. There was a linear relationship between Up/c and ClNR (R2 0.5039); for every one unit increase in Up/c, ClNR would increase by 3.5 mL/hr (P = 0.01). Both ClR and ClNR contribute to enhanced total clearance of adalimumab in glomerular disease secondary to FSGS. Additional research is needed to identify mechanisms for the increased ClNR pathways.
Correlative light‐electron fractography for fatigue striations characterization in metallic alloys
Authors: Hein Luis Rogerio de Oliveira , de Oliveira José Alberto , de Campos Kamila Amato 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThe correlative light‐electron fractography technique combines correlative microscopy concepts to the extended depth‐from‐focus reconstruction method, associating the reliable topographic information of 3‐D maps from light microscopy ordered Z‐stacks to the finest lateral resolution and large focus depth from scanning electron microscopy. Fatigue striations spacing analysis can be precisely measured, by correcting the mean surface tilting with the knowledge of local elevation data from elevation maps. This new technique aims to improve the accuracy of quantitative fractography in fatigue fracture investigations. Microsc. Res. Tech. 76:909–913, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electrical conductivity of partially saturated porous media containing clay: An improved formulation
Authors: Greve A. K. , Roshan H. , Kelly B. F. J. , Acworth R. I. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPrediction of the bulk DC electrical conductivity of partially saturated porous media containing clay has remained a significant challenge. A variety of models have been proposed; however, no single model has yet been shown to be entirely satisfactory. In this paper, we propose an improved formulation to account for partial saturation by extending an earlier proposed effective medium formulation. In order to test the performance of the proposed formulation, 28 data sets are extracted from the literature and analysed by our model. The results are then compared with the results from the original effective medium formulation, the Waxman and Smits model as well as the original and recently extended Volume Average (VA) model. The new formulation shows a strong improvement compared to the original formulation with an average R‐square of 0.996 for 28 data sets compared to 0.506 for the original formulation. Detailed comparison of the five fitted models shows that the new formulation and the extended VA model both perform very well and in a similar fashion. Simplifying assumptions made during the fitting process of the models allow the application of these two models with data commonly measured in the field.
Historical and future black carbon deposition on the three ice caps: Ice core measurements and model simulations from 1850 to 2100
Authors: Bauer Susanne E. , Bausch Alexandra , Nazarenko Larissa , Tsigaridis Kostas , Xu Baiqing , Edwards Ross , Bisiaux Marion , McConnell Joe 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIce core measurements in conjunction with climate model simulations are of tremendous value when examining anthropogenic and natural aerosol loads and their role in past and future climates. Refractory black carbon (BC) records from the Arctic, the Antarctic, and the Himalayas are analyzed using three transient climate simulations performed with the Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE. Simulations differ in aerosol schemes (bulk aerosols vs. aerosol microphysics) and ocean couplings (fully coupled vs. prescribed ocean). Regional analyses for past (1850–2005) and future (2005–2100) carbonaceous aerosol simulations focus on the Antarctic, Greenland, and the Himalayas. Measurements from locations in the Antarctic show clean conditions with no detectable trend over the past 150 years. Historical atmospheric deposition of BC and sulfur in Greenland shows strong trends and is primarily influenced by emissions from early twentieth century agricultural and domestic practices. Models fail to reproduce observations of a sharp eightfold BC increase in Greenland at the beginning of the twentieth century that could be due to the only threefold increase in the North American emission inventory. BC deposition in Greenland is about 10 times greater than in Antarctica and 10 times less than in Tibet. The Himalayas show the most complicated transport patterns, due to the complex terrain and dynamical regimes of this region. Projections of future climate based on the four CMIP5 Representative Concentration Pathways indicate further dramatic advances of pollution to the Tibetan Plateau along with decreasing BC deposition fluxes in Greenland and the Antarctic.
Accurate and early diagnosis of orthopedic device‐related infection by microbial heat production and sonication
Authors: Borens Olivier , Yusuf Erlangga , Steinrücken Julia , Trampuz Andrej 
Published: June 2013

AbstractProper and rapid diagnosis of orthopedic device‐related infection is important for successful treatment. Sonication has been shown to improve the diagnostic performance. We hypothesized that the combination of sonication with a novel method called microcalorimetry will further improve and accelerate the diagnosis of implant infection. We prospectively included 39 consecutive patients (mean age 59 years, 62% males) at our institution from whom 29 orthopedic prostheses and 10 osteosynthesis material were explanted. The explanted device was sonicated. The resulting sonication fluid was analyzed using microcalorimetry. Using standardized criteria to define orthopedic device‐related infection, 12 cases (31%) were defined as infected. In all, positive periprosthetic tissue cultures were found. The sensitivity and specificity of microcalorimetry of sonication fluid were 100% and 97%, respectively. Mean time to detection, defined as time to reach a rising heat flow signal of 20 µW measured after equilibiration needed to get accurate measurement, was 10.9 h. In summary, microcalorimetry of sonication fluid is a reliable and a fast method in detecting the presence of microorganisms in orthopedic device‐related infection. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:1700–1703, 2013
Preliminary sensory evaluation of edible flowers from wild Allium species
Authors: D'Antuono L Filippo , Manco Manuela Agata 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe use of edible flowers as an aesthetic and flavour component of specific dishes is gaining popularity, and their production is becoming an interesting niche market activity for growers. Allium is an important genus of flowering plants, also including traditional wild food species. The combination of tradition with the new uses of flowers is appealing, requiring, however, explorative acceptance assays for its exploitation.RESULTSThe flowers of the native Mediterranean species Allium neapolitanum, A. roseum and A. triquetrum were subject to hedonic visual, smell and flavour evaluation. Panellists also indicated specific flavour notes and their opinion about the more suitable uses. All the species were positively rated. A. roseum was preferred for all respects; A. triquetrum obtained the lowest visual rating, whereas A. neapolitanum had the lowest flavour rating. A spicy note was the main determinant of high flavour ratings. Dishes retaining the visual appearance of flowers were indicated as more suitable to combine with Allium flowers.CONCLUSIONThis is the first attempt at sensory evaluation of Allium flowers. Nutritional and health promotion properties and toxicity risks do not represent major issues for these products, because of potentially low consumption levels. The main constraint for a wider use of Allium flowers is represented by the absence of a consolidated consumption habit and regular supply. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
MicroRNA‐203 down‐regulation is associated with unfavorable prognosis in human glioma
Authors: He Jianguo , Deng Yangjia , Yang Gang , Xie Wenyi 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMicroRNA‐203 (miR‐203) serves as a tumor suppressor or a tumor promoter in different human malignancies. However, its involvement in human gliomas is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of miR‐203 expression in gliomas.MethodsReal‐time quantitative PCR was employed to measure the expression level of miR‐203 in clinical glioma tissues.ResultsThe expression of miR‐203 was reduced in high WHO grade glioma tissues compared with that in low WHO grade and normal brain tissues, and decreased with ascending tumor WHO grades (P < 0.001). The reduced miR‐203 expression in gliomas was significantly associated with higher WHO grade (P < 0.001), lower KPS score (P = 0.008) and poorer disease‐specific survival of patients (P = 0.001). More importantly, subgroup analyses according to tumor WHO grade revealed that the disease‐specific survival of patients with low miR‐203 expression in high WHO grades (III–IV) subgroup was significantly shorter than those with high miR‐203 expression (P < 0.001), but no significant difference was found for patients in WHO grades I–II subgroup (P = 0.08).ConclusionOur data validate an important clinical significance of miR‐203 in gliomas, and reveal that it might be an intrinsic regulator of tumor progression and a potential prognostic factor for this dismal disease. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013; 108:121–125. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
DIXDC1 increases the invasion and migration ability of non‐small‐cell lung cancer cells via the PI3K‐AKT/AP‐1 pathway
Authors: Xu Zhonghai , Liu Di , Fan Chuifeng , Luan Lan , Zhang Xiupeng , Wang Enhua 
Published: June 2013

AbstractDIX domain containing 1 (DIXDC1), is a human homolog of Ccd1, a recently identified DIX domain containing protein in zebrafish. DIXDC1 protein was detected in human colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues and was found to be correlated with a high cell proliferation index. We demonstrated DIXDC1 overexpression in 55% (92/167) of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases, compared to adjacent noncancerous lung tissues (P < 0.01). Overexpression of DIXDC1 was associated with lymph node metastasis and more advanced TNM stage (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). Kaplan–Meier survival curves and log‐rank testing indicated that overexpression of DIXDC1 correlated with worse overall survival in NSCLC (P = 0.031). DIXDC1 was more abundant in seven NSCLC lines than the bronchial cell line HBE, and modulation of its expression regulated AP‐1 activity; MMP2, MMP7, and MMP9 protein and mRNA; and invasion ability. Metalloproteinase induction was reversed by PI3K/AKT and AP‐1 inhibition. These results suggest DIXDC1 is associated with stage and prognosis in NSCLC, and may promote invasion and migration through PI3K‐AKT/AP‐1‐dependent activation of metalloproteinases. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
EGFR‐mediated Akt and MAPKs signal pathways play a crucial role in patulin‐induced cell proliferation in primary murine keratinocytes via modulation of Cyclin D1 and COX‐2 expression
Authors: Alam Shamshad , Pal Anu , Kumar Rahul , Dwivedi Premendra D. , Das Mukul , Ansari Kausar M. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPatulin (PAT), a present day major contaminant of commercial apple and apple products is reported to be carcinogenic, embryotoxic, and immunotoxic. While oral and inhalation are considered to be the most prevalent routes of exposure to this toxin, exposure through skin is now being extensively investigated. Our previous study showed that short‐term dermal exposure to PAT resulted in toxicological injury to the skin, while long‐term exposure induced skin tumorigenesis. In this study, we explore the mechanism involve in proliferation of mouse keratinocytes by PAT. Our study revealed that PAT rapidly induces phosphorylation of EGFR, activation of the Ras/MAPKs, and Akt pathways. This in‐turn leads to the activation of NF‐κB/AP‐1 transcription factors which then binds to the promoter region of the cell growth regulatory genes Cyclin D1 and COX‐2 inducing their expression leading ultimately to PMKs proliferation. Inhibition of EGFR or the Ras/MAPKs, PI3/Akt pathways with different pharmacological inhibitors or knockdown of NF‐κB, c‐jun, c‐fos, Cyclin D1, and COX‐2 with siRNA inhibited PAT‐induced PMKs proliferation. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Metallorganische Reaktionen in wässriger Phase
Authors: Hoffmann Ina , Schatz Jürgen 
Published: July 2013

AbstractÜbergangsmetallkatalysierte Reaktionen gehören zu den wichtigsten Methoden, um C‐C‐ und C‐Heteroatom‐Bindungen zu knüpfen. Solche Transformationen in Wasser als Lösungsmittel stellen Anforderungen an die Grundlagenforschung: Können makrocyclische Systeme wie Cyclodextrine, Calix[n]arene und Co. die Hürden der Synthese im wässrigen Milieu überwinden?
Models for production planning under power interruptions
Authors: Latifoğlu Çağrı , Belotti Pietro , Snyder Lawrence V. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe present a robust optimization model for production planning under the assumption that electricity supply is subject to uncertain interruptions caused by participation in interruptible load contracts (ILCs). The objective is to minimize the cost of electricity used for production while providing a robust production plan which ensures demand satisfaction under all possible interruption scenarios. The combinatorial size of the set of interruption scenarios makes this a challenging problem. Furthermore, we assume that no probabilistic information is known about the supply uncertainty: we only use the information given in the ILC to identify an uncertainty set that captures the possible scenarios. We construct a general robust framework to handle this uncertainty and present a heuristic to compute a good feasible solution of the robust model. We provide computational experiments on a real‐world example and compare the performance of an exact solver applied to the robust model with that of the heuristic procedure. Finally, we include the operational impact of interruptions such as “recovery modes” in the definition of the uncertainty set. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013
Stability of sub‐micron‐thick CdTe solar cells
Authors: Paudel Naba R. , Wieland Kristopher A. , Young Matthew , Asher Sally , Compaan Alvin D. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTSputtered CdS/CdTe cells with only 0.75 µm of CdTe have reached AM1.5 efficiencies over 12.5%. But the use of very thin absorber layers of CdTe raises questions about the possible impact on long‐term stability when the back contact is very close to the main junction. In this study, we have performed accelerated life testing (ALT) on unencapsulated CdTe dot cells with absorber thickness ranging from 0.7 to 2.1 µm. After 900 h of ALT at 85°C under continuous one‐sun illumination, with open circuit biasing and no encapsulation, we find that any decrease in stability as CdTe thickness decreases is within the ~10% statistical uncertainty shown by the sample sets of more than 20 cells each. Cells of all thicknesses exhibited some decrease in performance under these stress conditions, and open‐circuit voltage appears to be the key factor in decreased efficiency. These changes in performance under ALT at 85°C are found to be consistent with a projected field lifetime of about 40 years in typical conditions. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy depth profiles of several elements including Cu showed no evidence of ALT‐driven diffusion in these sputtered CdTe cells. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nocturnal dipping is preserved in children with sleep disordered breathing regardless of its severity
Authors: Horne Rosemary S.C. , Yang Joel S.C. , Walter Lisa M. , Richardson Heidi L. , O'Driscoll Denise M. , Foster Alison M. , Wong Shi , Ng Michelle L. , Bashir Farhat , Patterson Ruth , Jolley Damien , Walker Adrian M. , Anderson Vicki , Davey Margot J. , Nixon Gillian M. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjectiveSleep disordered breathing (SDB) in adults has been associated with a loss of nocturnal dipping in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate, however, there have been limited studies in children. We measured BP non‐invasively and continuously overnight in 105 children aged 7–12 with a range of severities of SDB and 36 non‐snoring controls to examine nocturnal dipping profiles.Study DesignChildren with SDB were divided into three severity groups according to their obstructive apnea hypopnea index. Nocturnal dipping profiles across sleep stages were described both as a proportion of children exhibiting a ≥10% fall in systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and heart rate (HR) from wake to sleep and according to SAP sleep/SAP wake ratio as extreme dippers (ratio ≤ 0.8), dippers (ratio < 0.8 and ≤0.9), non‐dippers (ratio < 0.9 and ≤1.0), and reverse dippers (ratio > 1.0).ResultsThe mean fall in BP between wake and NREM 1/2, SWS, and REM sleep was not different between the groups and there were no differences between the dipping profiles of children in each group.ConclusionsSDB did not alter nocturnal dipping patterns of BP and HR compared to controls, a finding which may suggest that these young children have not been exposed to the effects of SDB long enough or that SDB severity was not great enough to affect nocturnal dipping profiles. However, further studies are required to determine if the elevated BP previously reported in this group of children will have long‐term effects on the cardiovascular system. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:1127–1134. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Association between Child Cortisol Levels in Saliva and Neuropsychological Development during the Second Year of Life
Authors: Forns Joan , Vegas Oscar , Julvez Jordi , Garcia‐Esteban Raquel , Rivera Marcela , Lertxundi Nerea , Guxens Mònica , Fano Eduardo , Ferrer Muriel , Grellier James , Ibarluzea Jesús , Sunyer Jordi 
Published: July 2013

AbstractExposure to highly elevated levels of cortisol has been linked with impairments in cognitive capacities in both children and adults. By contrast, moderate levels of cortisol may engender beneficial effects. The main aim of this study was to assess the association between child cortisol levels and neuropsychological development during the second year of life. A population‐based birth cohort was established in the city of Sabadell (Catalonia, Spain) as part of the INMA (Environment and Childhood) Project. We assessed the cognitive and psychomotor development at the age of 14 months using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID). We included 302 children assessed during their second year of life for whom we had information on neuropsychological assessment and measurements of cortisol in saliva. Higher levels of cortisol were associated with better scores in BSID's mental scale. There was no association between cortisol levels and psychomotor test scores. We found a small positive association between duration of breastfeeding and child cortisol levels. This association was only found in boys. The results of this study suggest that moderate levels of cortisol in children could have small beneficial effects on their early neuropsychological development. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.