bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CCR 20th Anniversary Commentary: Simpson's Paradox and Neoadjuvant Trials
Authors: Carey Lisa A. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The research article by Carey and colleagues, published in the April 15, 2007, issue of Clinical Cancer Research, described the relationship between response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and outcome by tumor subtype. Today neoadjuvant clinical trials are often designed to provide correlative data to help identify predictive biomarkers or to focus on poor-risk patients identified by residual disease after neoadjuvant treatment. Clin Cancer Res; 21(18); 4027–9. ©2015 AACR.
See related article by Carey et al., Clin Cancer Res 2007;13(8) April 15, 2007;2329–34
JOSÉ OSÓRIO DE OLIVEIRA E SUAS REFLEXÕES SOBRE A “MODERNA” LITERATURA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Souza Raquel S. Madanêlo 
Published: September 2015

O objetivo deste texto é refletir sobre o conceito de literatura brasileira na obra do intelectual português José Osório de Oliveira, e sobre seu papel na divulgação dessa mesma literatura, no âmbito das relações luso-brasileiras e do intercâmbio que ele se propôs a estabelecer e incentivar entre Brasil e Portugal – principalmente - a partir nas décadas de 30 e 40, do século XX.
Geografia e poesia lírica: considerações sobre a obra "A poética do espaço", de Gaston Bachelard
Authors: Silva Felipe Cabañas da 
Published: September 2015

<p>Este artigo tem como meta realizar uma leitura da obra “A poética do espaço”, do filósofo Gaston Bachelard, analisando especialmente suas possíveis contribuições a uma abordagem geográfica da poesia lírica. Tendo em vista que os estudos geográficos da literatura demonstram historicamente uma predileção pelo gênero romanesco, os geógrafos que pretendem pensar a poesia lírica devem buscar a integração de contribuições teóricas diversificadas. </p>
O parque agroambiental como nova categoria de sistema de espaços livres
Authors: Queiroz Alessandra Natali , Queiroga Eugênio Fernandes , Merlin José Roberto 
Published: September 2015

<p>O presente artigo tem como tema o estudo de sistemas de espaços livres e a urbanização contemporânea na região de Limeira, integrante da Região Administrativa de Campinas - SP. De especial atenção é a configuração do território, como unidade de projeto para um “parque regional contemporâneo” ou, como se propôs chamar, “parque agroambiental”. O “parque agroambiental” não é uma solução simples, mas uma possibilidade de pensar e agir. Pode-se, por meio dele, ajustar o foco de leitura da realidade local, buscando-se mecanismos mais coerentes para nela atuar. Diferentemente de outras regiões de importantes recursos naturais, como a região metropolitana de São Paulo, o conceito do parque objetiva trabalhar uma área econômica e socialmente uniforme, onde a fauna e a flora são quase inexistentes, visto terem sido substituídas pela urbanização e pelas áreas destinadas à produção agrícola para o mercado global. O desafio aqui proposto é tornar o parque regional contemporâneo objeto de debate para políticas públicas de atendimento às necessidades sociais e ambientais. Podem ser práticas de lazer, esportes e/ou contemplativas, atividades culturais de identidade regional, de produção agrícola ou florestal, de conservação de ecossistemas, por meio das quais se definem diferentes níveis e escalas de intervenção e de acessibilidade aos lugares. Propõe-se o conceito de “parque agroambiental” como instrumento de planejamento regional e ambiental.</p>
Por uma nova cultura de design: diversidade cultural e encontro com sentidos socioambientais
Authors: Riul Marília , Santos Maria Cecília Loschiavo dos 
Published: September 2015

<p>Este artigo aborda relações entre a produção do mundo artificial e questões socioculturais e ambientais, e faz uma reflexão que busca valorizar o diálogo entre os contextos do design profissional/ acadêmico e do design vernacular. Para tanto, utilizamos dados de uma pesquisa de doutorado em andamento, que, com o auxílio de técnicas da pesquisa etnográfica, documentou práticas e expressões materiais pertencentes a comunidades de pequenos agricultores e pescadores artesanais, situadas na região da Barra do Rio Mamanguape, no estado da Paraíba, Nordeste brasileiro. Ancorada na teoria correlata, a análise se concentrou na leitura dos sentidos embutidos no repertório de práticas e nos próprios artefatos identificados, em busca de elementos pertinentes à reflexão sobre a responsabilidade do design em relação a questões socioculturais e ambientais. Constatou-se que há uma série de práticas e sentidos a elas relacionada, que podem servir de base para projetos que visem dar ênfase às variáveis socioculturais e ambientais atinentes à produção do mundo artificial.</p>
HDACs Regulate miR-133a Expression in Pressure Overload–Induced Cardiac Fibrosis
Authors: Renaud Ludivine , Harris Lillianne G. , Mani Santhosh K. , Kasiganesan Harinath , Chou James C. , Baicu Catalin F. , Van Laer An , Akerman Adam W. , Stroud Robert E. , Jones Jeffrey A. , Zile Michael R. , Menick Donald R. 
Published: September 2015

Background—
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) serve a significant role in the pathogenesis of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. The transcriptional regulation of miRNAs is poorly understood in cardiac hypertrophy. We investigated whether the expression of miR-133a is epigenetically regulated by class I and IIb HDACs during hypertrophic remodeling.

Methods and Results—

Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was performed in CD1 mice to induce pressure overload hypertrophy. Mice were treated with class I and IIb HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) via drinking water for 2 and 4 weeks post TAC. miRNA expression was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and post TAC end points for structural and functional assessment. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to identify HDACs and transcription factors associated with miR-133a promoter. miR-133a expression was downregulated by 0.7- and 0.5-fold at 2 and 4 weeks post TAC, respectively, when compared with vehicle control (
P
<0.05). HDAC inhibition prevented this significant decrease 2 weeks post TAC and maintained miR-133a expression near vehicle control levels, which coincided with (1) a decrease in connective tissue growth factor expression, (2) a reduction in cardiac fibrosis and left atrium diameter (marker of end-diastolic pressure), suggesting an improvement in diastolic function. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that HDAC1 and HDAC2 are present on the miR-133a enhancer regions.

Conclusions—
The results reveal that HDACs play a role in the regulation of pressure overload–induced miR-133a downregulation. This work is the first to provide insight into an epigenetic-miRNA regulatory pathway in pressure overload–induced cardiac fibrosis.
Prevalence and Impact of Chagas Disease Among Latin American Immigrants With Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy in Los Angeles, California
Authors: Traina Mahmoud I. , Sanchez Daniel R. , Hernandez Salvador , Bradfield Jason S. , Labedi Mohamed R. , Ngab Tarik A. , Steurer Frank , Montgomery Susan P. , Meymandi Sheba K. 
Published: September 2015

Background—
Chagas disease is a well-known cause of cardiomyopathy in Latin America; however, 300 000 individuals are estimated to have Chagas disease in the United States. This study examined the prevalence and impact of Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCM) in a US population. We hypothesized that patients with CCM would have increased morbidity and mortality when compared with patients with non-CCM.

Methods and Results—

This is a single-center, prospective cohort study. Enrollment criteria were new diagnosis of nonischemic cardiomyopathy (left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40%) and previous residence in Latin America for at least 12 months. Serological testing for
Trypanosoma cruzi
was performed at enrollment. The primary end point was all-cause mortality or heart transplantation. The secondary end point was heart failure–related hospitalization. A total of 135 patients were enrolled, with a median of 43 months of follow-up. Chagas disease was diagnosed in 25 (19%) patients. The primary end point occurred in 9 patients (36%) in the CCM group and in 11 patients (10%) in the non-CCM group (hazard ratio [HR], 4.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.8–10.8;
P
=0.001). The secondary end point occurred in 13 patients (52%) in the CCM group and in 35 patients (32%) in the non-CCM group (HR, 2.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.2–4.2;
P
=0.01).

Conclusions—
There is a high prevalence of Chagas disease among Latin American immigrants diagnosed with nonischemic cardiomyopathy in Los Angeles. Advanced CCM portends a poor prognosis and is associated with increased all-cause mortality/heart transplantation and heart failure–related hospitalization.
Prognostic Significance of Resting Heart Rate and Use of β-Blockers in Atrial Fibrillation and Sinus Rhythm in Patients With Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Li Shi-Jun , Sartipy Ulrik , Lund Lars H. , Dahlström Ulf , Adiels Martin , Petzold Max , Fu Michael 
Published: September 2015

Background—
In heart failure and reduced ejection fraction, the prognostic role of heart rate (HR) in atrial fibrillation (AF) is unknown and the effectiveness of β-blockers has recently been questioned in AF.

Methods and Results—

A total of 18 858 patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction registered with Swedish Heart Failure Registry were included in this study: patients with sinus rhythm (SR; n=11 466) and patients with AF (n=7392). The outcome measure was all-cause mortality. Compared with HR ≤60 beats per minute, the adjusted hazard ratios for mortality in SR were 1.26 for HR=61 to 70 beats per minute, 1.37 for HR=71 to 80 beats per minute, 1.52 for HR=81 to 90 beats per minute, 1.63 for HR=91 to 100 beats per minute, and 2.69 for HR >100 beats per minute. However, in AF, the hazard ratio increased only for HR >100 beats per minute (1.30;
P
=0.001). β-blocker use was associated with reduced mortality in SR (hazard ratio, 0.77;
P
=0.011) and in AF (hazard ratio, 0·71;
P
<0.001). For β-blocker use in SR, the hazard ratio gradually increased with HR increment, whereas in AF, the hazard ratio significantly increased only for HR >100 beats per minute (1.29;
P
=0.003) compared with HR ≤60 beats per minute.

Conclusions—
In patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction, a higher HR was associated with increased mortality in SR, but in AF, this is true only for HR >100 beats per minute. β-blocker use was associated with reduced mortality both in SR and in AF.
Enhancing the Prediction of 30-Day Readmission After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Using Data Extracted by Querying of the Electronic Health Record
Authors: Wasfy Jason H. , Singal Gaurav , O’Brien Cashel , Blumenthal Daniel M. , Kennedy Kevin F. , Strom Jordan B. , Spertus John A. , Mauri Laura , Normand Sharon-Lise T. , Yeh Robert W. 
Published: September 2015

Background—
Early readmission after percutaneous coronary intervention is an important quality metric, but prediction models from registry data have only moderate discrimination. We aimed to improve ability to predict 30-day readmission after percutaneous coronary intervention from a previously validated registry-based model.

Methods and Results—

We matched readmitted to non-readmitted patients in a 1:2 ratio by risk of readmission, and extracted unstructured and unconventional structured data from the electronic medical record, including need for medical interpretation, albumin level, medical nonadherence, previous number of emergency department visits, atrial fibrillation/flutter, syncope/presyncope, end-stage liver disease, malignancy, and anxiety. We assessed differences in rates of these conditions between cases/controls, and estimated their independent association with 30-day readmission using logistic regression conditional on matched groups. Among 9288 percutaneous coronary interventions, we matched 888 readmitted with 1776 non-readmitted patients. In univariate analysis, cases and controls were significantly different with respect to interpreter (7.9% for cases and 5.3% for controls;
P
=0.009), emergency department visits (1.12 for cases and 0.77 for controls;
P
<0.001), homelessness (3.2% for cases and 1.6% for controls;
P
=0.007), anticoagulation (33.9% for cases and 22.1% for controls;
P
<0.001), atrial fibrillation/flutter (32.7% for cases and 28.9% for controls;
P
=0.045), presyncope/syncope (27.8% for cases and 21.3% for controls;
P
<0.001), and anxiety (69.4% for cases and 62.4% for controls;
P
<0.001). Anticoagulation, emergency department visits, and anxiety were independently associated with readmission.

Conclusions—
Patient characteristics derived from review of the electronic health record can be used to refine risk prediction for hospital readmission after percutaneous coronary intervention.
Persistently Altered Brain Mitochondrial Bioenergetics After Apparently Successful Resuscitation From Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Kilbaugh Todd J. , Sutton Robert M. , Karlsson Michael , Hansson Magnus J. , Naim Maryam Y. , Morgan Ryan W. , Bratinov George , Lampe Joshua W. , Nadkarni Vinay M. , Becker Lance B. , Margulies Susan S. , Berg Robert A. 
Published: September 2015

Background

Although advances in cardiopulmonary resuscitation have improved survival from cardiac arrest (
CA
), neurologic injury persists and impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics may be critical for targeted neuroresuscitation. The authors sought to determine if excellent cardiopulmonary resuscitation and postresuscitation care and good traditional survival rates result in persistently disordered cerebral mitochondrial bioenergetics in a porcine pediatric model of asphyxia‐associated ventricular fibrillation
CA
.

Methods and Results

After 7 minutes of asphyxia, followed by ventricular fibrillation, 5 female 1‐month‐old swine (4 sham) received blood pressure–targeted care: titration of compression depth to systolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg and vasopressor administration to a coronary perfusion pressure >20 mm Hg. All animals received protocol‐based vasopressor support after return of spontaneous circulation for 4 hours before they were killed. The primary outcome was integrated mitochondrial electron transport system (
ETS
) function.
CA
animals displayed significantly decreased maximal, coupled oxidative phosphorylating respiration (

OXPHOS
CI

+

CII

) in cortex (
P
<0.02) and hippocampus (
P
<0.02), as well as decreased phosphorylation and coupling efficiency (cortex,
P
<0.05; hippocampus,
P
<0.05). Complex I– and complex
II
–driven respiration were both significantly decreased after
CA
(cortex:

OXPHOS
CI

P
<0.01,

ETS
CII

P
<0.05; hippocampus:

OXPHOS
CI

P
<0.03,

ETS
CII

P
<0.01). In the hippocampus, there was a significant decrease in maximal uncoupled, nonphosphorylating respiration (

ETS
CI

+

CII

), as well as a 30% reduction in citrate synthase activity (
P
<0.04).

Conclusions

Mitochondria in both the cortex and hippocampus displayed significant alterations in respiratory function after
CA
despite excellent cardiopulmonary resuscitation and postresuscitation care in asphyxia‐associated ventricular fibrillation
CA
. Analysis of integrated
ETS
function identifies mitochondrial bioenergetic failure as a target for goal‐directed neuroresuscitation after
CA
.
IACUC
Protocol:
IAC
13‐001023.
Applying Advanced Ground-Based Remote Sensing in the Southeast Asian Maritime Continent to Characterize Regional Proficiencies in Smoke Transport Modeling
Authors: Campbell James R. , Ge Cui , Wang Jun , Welton Ellsworth J. , Bucholtz Anthony , Hyer Edward J. , Reid Elizabeth A. , Chew Boon Ning , Liew Soo-Chin , Salinas Santo V. , Lolli Simone , Kaku Kathleen C. , Lynch Peng , Mahmud Mastura , Mohamad Maznorizan , Holben Brent N. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTThis work describes some of the most extensive ground-based observations of the aerosol profile collected in Southeast Asia to date, highlighting the challenges in simulating these observations with a mesoscale perspective. An 84-h WRF Model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) mesoscale simulation of smoke particle transport at Kuching, Malaysia, in the southern Maritime Continent of Southeast Asia is evaluated relative to a unique collection of continuous ground-based lidar, sun photometer, and 4-h radiosonde profiling. The period was marked by relatively dry conditions, allowing smoke layers transported to the site unperturbed by wet deposition to be common regionally. The model depiction is reasonable overall. Core thermodynamics, including land/sea-breeze structure, are well resolved. Total model smoke extinction and, by proxy, mass concentration are low relative to observation. Smoke emissions source products are likely low because of undersampling of fires in infrared sun-synchronous satellite products, which is exacerbated regionally by endemic low-level cloud cover. Differences are identified between the model mass profile and the lidar profile, particularly during periods of afternoon convective mixing. A static smoke mass injection height parameterized for this study potentially influences this result. The model does not resolve the convective mixing of aerosol particles into the lower free troposphere or the enhancement of near-surface extinction from nighttime cooling and hygroscopic effects.
Correcting Daytime Thermal Offset in Unventilated Pyranometers
Authors: Serrano A. , Sanchez G. , Cancillo M. L. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA main source of error in solar radiation measurements is the thermal offset inherent to pyranometers. Despite acknowledgment of its importance, its correction has been widely ignored for several decades. This neglect may have caused a generalized underestimation in solar radiation measurements. This study focuses on the correction of this error in solar irradiance measurements. For this aim a plethora of correction models built as a linear combination of several environmental variables related to the ambient temperature and to the incoming radiation were proposed. The models are fitted to experimental measurements obtained during capping events and, finally, their performance is evaluated and compared. The main results indicate that models with only one independent variable moderately correct the thermal offset error. These simple models are useful when no additional instrumentation other than the pyranometer is available. On the other hand, the more complex models show the best performance, with a coefficient of determinationR2over 0.8, an RMSE under 2 W m−2, and an absolute value of mean bias error (MBE) under 0.5 W m−2. Additionally, these models are used to study the differences between nighttime and daytime correction, revealing the unsuitability of using nighttime-fitted models to correct the daytime thermal offset. The general validity of the models is tested by their application to two different pyranometers. Results indicate that, whereas the factors involved in the best-performing models are the same, the values of the loading coefficients differ and therefore must be specifically calculated for each pyranometer.
Impact of Subgrid-Scale Orography on Equatorial Angular Momentum Budget and the Cold Surges in a General Circulation Model
Authors: Mailler Sylvain , Lott François 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The dynamical relations between equatorial atmospheric angular momentum (EAAM), equatorial mountain torques, and cold surges are analyzed in a general circulation model (GCM). First, the authors show that the global EAAM budget is well closed in the GCM, much better than in the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis. They then confirm that the equatorial torques due to the Tibetan Plateau, the Rockies, and the Andes are well related to the cold surges developing over East Asia, North America, and South America, respectively. For all these mountains, a peak in the equatorial mountain torque components precedes by few days the development of a cold surge, confirming that the cold surge’s “preconditioning” is dynamically driven by large-scale mountains.
The authors also analyze the contribution of the subgrid-scale orography (SSO) parameterizations and find that they contribute substantially to the torques. In experiments where these parameterizations are almost entirely reduced over a given massif, the authors find that the explicit pressure torques produced by that massif largely compensate the reduction in the parameterized torques. On the one hand, this proves that the explicitly resolved equatorial mountain torques are effective dynamical drivers of the flow dynamics, since they are enhanced when a parameterized torque is reduced. On the other hand, this shows that the cold surges can be captured in GCMs, provided that the synoptic conditions prior to their onset are realistic. The compensation between torques is nevertheless not complete and some weakening of the cold surges is found when the parameterized mountain torques are reduced.
Estimating the molecular evolutionary rates of mitochondrial genes referring to Quaternary ice age events with inferred population expansions and dispersals in Japanese Apodemus
Authors: Suzuki Yutaro , Tomozawa Morihiko , Koizumi Yuki , Tsuchiya Kimiyuki , Suzuki Hitoshi 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundDetermining reliable evolutionary rates of molecular markers is essential in illustrating historical episodes with phylogenetic inferences. Although emerging evidence has suggested a high evolutionary rate for intraspecific genetic variation, it is unclear how long such high evolutionary rates persist because a recent calibration point is rarely available. Other than using fossil evidence, it is possible to estimate evolutionary rates by relying on the well-established temporal framework of the Quaternary glacial cycles that would likely have promoted both rapid expansion events and interisland dispersal events.ResultsWe examined mitochondrial cytochromeb(Cytb) and control region (CR) gene sequences in two Japanese wood mouse species,Apodemus argenteusandA. speciosus, of temperate origin and found signs of rapid expansion in the population from Hokkaido, the northern island of Japan. Assuming that global warming after the last glacial period 7–10 thousand years before present (kyr BP) was associated with the expansion, the evolutionary rates (sites per million years, myr) ofCytband CR were estimated as 11–16 % and 22–32 %, respectively, forA. argenteus, and 12–17 % and 17–24 %, respectively, forA. speciosus. Additionally, the significant signature of rapid expansion detected in the mtDNA sequences ofA. speciosusfrom the remaining southern main islands, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu, provided an estimatedCytbevolutionary rate of 3.1 %/site/myr under the assumption of a postglacial population expansion event long ago, most probably at 130 kyr BP. Bayesian analyses using the higher evolutionary rate of 11–17 %/site/myr forCytbsupported the recent demographic or divergence events associated with the Last Glacial Maximum. However, the slower evolutionary rate of 3.1 %/site/myr would be reasonable for several divergence events that were associated with glacial periods older than 130 kyr BP.ConclusionsThe faster and slower evolutionary rates ofCytbcan account for divergences associated with the last and earlier glacial maxima, respectively, in the phylogenetic inference of murine rodents. The elevated evolutionary rate seemed to decline within 100,000 years.