bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Origin of the Twice-90° Rotations of the Polarization Angle in GRB 170114A and GRB 160821A
Authors: Wang Xu , Lan Mi-Xiang , Tang Qing-Wen , Wu Xue-Feng , Dai Zi-Gao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The observed abrupt twice-90° rotations of the polarization angle (PA) in the prompt phase of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are difficult to understand within the current one-emitting-shell models. Here, we apply a model with multiple emitting shells to solve this new challenging problem. Two configurations of large-scale ordered magnetic fields in the shells are considered: toroidal and aligned. Together with the light curves and the spectral peak energy evolutions, the twice-90° PA rotations in GRB 170114A and GRB 160821A could be well interpreted with the multishell aligned magnetic field configuration (MFC). Our numerical calculations also show that the multiple shells with the toroidal MFC could not explain the observed twice-90° PA rotations. An aligned MFC in the GRB outflow usually indicates the preference of a magnetar central engine, while a toroidal field configuration is typically related to a central black hole. Therefore, the magnetar central engines for the two GRBs are favored.
Laboratory Transition-rate Measurement of the Coronal Intercombination Line of Ar xv by Time-resolved Laser Spectroscopy
Authors: Kimura Naoki , Miya Yoshiki , Ito Daiki , Priti  , Kato Daiji , Baba Masaaki , Kuma Susumu , Azuma Toshiyuki , Nakamura Nobuyuki 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The extreme-ultraviolet emission line (424 Å) of the intercombination 1s
22s
2
1
S
0–1s
22s2p
3
P
1 transition of Ar xv can potentially characterize the electron temperature of astrophysical plasma. Various theoretical studies have investigated the intercombination transition rate, which is essential for the plasma diagnostics; however, experimental difficulties have prevented its measurement. We present here measurement of the lifetime of the 3
P
1 excited state of Ar xv, providing the experimental value of the intercombination transition rate. Employing time-resolved plasma-assisted laser spectroscopy, a method we recently demonstrated, enables us to measure this submicrosecond lifetime. The experimental result exhibits a 25%–43% higher transition rate than theoretical predictions.
A Candidate Dark Matter Deficient Dwarf Galaxy in the Fornax Cluster Identified through Overluminous Star Clusters
Authors: Romanowsky Aaron J. , Cabrera Enrique , Janssens Steven R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Two low surface brightness (LSB) dwarf galaxies were identified recently as having little or no dark matter (DM), provoking widespread interest in their formation histories. These galaxies also host populous systems of star clusters that are on average larger and more luminous than typical globular clusters (GCs). We report an initial attempt to identify new candidate DM-deficient dwarfs via their unusual GC systems. Using a large catalog of LSB galaxies from the Dark Energy Survey, we inspect their Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey (DECaLS) imaging and identify FCC 224 as a candidate found on the outskirts of the Fornax cluster. We analyze the GC system using DECaLS and archival Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 imaging, and find an apparent population of overluminous GCs. More detailed follow-up of FCC 224 is in progress.
Determination of the Abundance of Mercury from the Hg ii Line at 5677.10 Å in Late B-type Stars. V. HD 174933 (112 Her)
Authors: Monier Richard 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The weak line of Hg ii located at 5677.10 Å is used to measure the mercury abundance in the HgMn star HD 174933 (112 Her). This line is detected at 3σ above the noise in the adjacent continuum. The synthesis of this line, confirms a large overabundance of mercury, about +4.54 dex, which is less than the excess derived from the 3983.93 Å line in earlier studies. The synthesis of lines in five spectral regions yields estimates of the abundance deficienciess/excesses for twelve other elements. Helium, carbon and magnesium are very depleted, titanium, manganese and iron are moderately overabundant. Strontium, yttrium, zirconium and barium have solar abundances upper limits. Phosphorus, gallium and mercury are very overabundant. The abundance pattern of 112 Her differs from that of other HgMn stars as already stressed in previous studies.
A Comment on the Solar Activity Level in 1744 by Diego de Torres Villarroel
Authors: Aparicio A. J. P. , Vaquero J. M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Solar activity in recent centuries is crucial for astrophysics and geophysics, with historical sunspot records providing key insights, particularly for the 17th and 18th centuries. However, certain periods, such as around 1744, are still poorly understood. This note explores a qualitative commentary on solar activity from that time by Diego de Torres Villarroel, a notable Spanish writer. In his pamphlet on the great comet of 1744, Villarroel observed that the Sun appeared unusually clear, with fewer sunspots and faculae than usual, indicating low solar activity. These observations are consistent with the known solar minimum between cycles −1 and 0 around 1744. While Villarroel’s remarks only offer qualitative confirmation of existing knowledge, they are important for filling in gaps in historical records of solar activity and should be preserved for future research.
Science Product Pipelines and Archive Architecture for the DART Mission
Authors: Waller C. Dany , Espiritu Raymond C. , Tinsman Calley , Nair Hari , Ernst Carolyn M. , Daly R. Terik , Barnouin Olivier S. , Zinzi Angelo , Chabot Nancy L. , Rivkin Andrew S. , Moskovitz Nicholas , Osip David , Lister Tim , Ryan Eileen , Ryan William 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
On 2022 September 26, the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission was the first successful demonstration of a kinetic impactor for planetary defense. The DART mission utilized a novel autonomous data processing pipeline architecture to quickly produce and analyze the quality of raw and calibrated images from the camera mounted on board the spacecraft. Optimization of the data processing pipeline allowed the final 150 images prior to impact to be calibrated and delivered to the Investigation Team and the press within 15 minutes of acquisition. A data quality analysis pipeline allowed for rapid identification of detector misconfigurations, missing data, and other adverse events. DART data products, along with data from LICIACube and data from ground observatories, used common file formats to facilitate the development of analysis and archiving software. This architecture is described for future missions with large volumes of data and an emphasis on quick-turnaround applications such as planetary defense.
From Womb to World: Exploring the Immunological Connections between Mother and Child
Authors: Cherayil Bobby J , Jain Nitya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Mother and child are immunologically interconnected by mechanisms that we are only beginning to understand. During pregnancy, multiple molecular and cellular factors of maternal origin are transferred across the placenta and influence the development and function of the fetal and newborn immune system. Altered maternal immune states arising from pregnancy-associated infections or immunizations have the potential to program offspring immune function in ways that may have long-term health consequences. In this study, we review current literature on the impact of prenatal infection and vaccination on the developing immune system, highlight knowledge gaps, and look to the horizon to envision maternal interventions that could benefit both the mother and her child.
The effect of nano-hydroxyapatite and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate with and without laser irradiation on the microhardness and surface morphology of demineralized primary enamel: An in vitro experimental study
Authors: Patil Anil Tanaji , Kulkarni Tanaya Rajeev , Sandhyarani B. , Paranna Sujatha , Bhurke Renuka , Annu Ankita 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Various topical gels, varnishes, and fluoride gels are being used by dentists for the treatment of White spot lesions (WSLs). The remineralizing effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp), and lasers has been proven earlier. This study was designed to evaluate the remineralizing effect of nHAp and CPP-ACP with and without erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er: YAG) laser irradiation on demineralized primary enamel. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CPP-ACP and nHAp with and without Er:YAG laser irradiation on the microhardness and surface morphology of demineralized primary enamel.

Materials and Methods:
The present study is an experimental in vitro study. Fifty extracted primary incisors were selected for the study. Following cleaning and sectioning, teeth were embedded in acrylic. The tooth models were divided into four groups randomly – Group 1 (CPP-ACP), Group 2 (nHAp), Group 3 (CPP-ACP + laser), and Group 4 (nHAp + laser). The baseline, postdemineralization, and postremineralization Vickers hardness testing was performed. One sample from each group was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages for categorical data, mean and standard deviation for numerical data were depicted. The normality of numerical data was checked using the Shapiro–Wilk test. The level of significance was kept at 5%. Intergroup comparison (>2 groups) was done using one-way analysis of variance followed by pair-wise comparison using the post hoc test.

Results:
There was a statistically significant increase in surface microhardness in each group after remineralization. The highest increase in microhardness value was seen in Group 4 (nHAp + laser) followed by Group 3 (CPP-ACP + laser) and the least in Group 1 (CPP-ACP). Similar observations were made in scanning electron microscopic images. This indicated that nHAp has a comparable, if not better ability for remineralization than CPP-ACP. The remineralizing capacity of both the remineralizing agents was seen to be improved in this study when simultaneous laser application was employed.

Conclusion:
Currently, the evidence supporting the efficacy of nHAp dentifrices and laser in primary teeth is limited. Additional long-term in vivo studies employing standardized protocols and large sample sizes are necessary to draw definitive findings about the effect of remineralizing agents and lasers on primary enamel.
A Comparative immunohistochemical analysis of epithelial–mesenchymal transition biomarkers in odontogenic keratocyst, dentigerous cyst, and radicular cyst
Authors: Kadeh Hamideh , Esmaeilzadeh Ashini Nahid 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is one of the common odontogenic cysts with aggressive clinical behavior and a high recurrence rate. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process, in which the epithelial cell loses its epithelial characteristics and acquires mesenchymal features. Since the evidence for the involvement of EMT in the development of OKC is still limited, the present study aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of EMT-related proteins (E-cadherin and N-cadherin) in OKC and compare them to radicular cyst (RC) and dentigerous cyst (DC).

Materials and Methods:
In this descriptive analytical study, 75 paraffin blocks, including 25 DCs, 25 OKC, and 25 RCs, were selected. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the expression and staining intensity of E-cadherin and N-cadherin proteins. The specimens were examined under an optical microscope, and the data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test in SPSS statistical software (version 23) with a significance level of 5%.

Results:
The expression of N-cadherin in OKC was higher than that in other cysts; nonetheless, there was no statistically significant difference (P = 0.331). The staining intensity of N-cadherin was weak in most cases, and this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.252). E-cadherin expression in OKC was significantly lower than that in radicular and DCs (P = 0.003). In addition, the staining intensity of E-cadherin in OKC was weak and moderate (P = 0.003).

Conclusion:
In this study, we observed an increase in the expression of N-cadherin in OKC. In addition, the protein expression levels of E-cadherin in OKC were significantly lower compared to DC and RC. Therefore, it appears that the EMT process likely occurs in OKC and may contribute to its local aggressive behavior.
Lifestyle, Dietary and Demographic Risk Factors of Haemorrhoids: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Catherine Cami , Joseph Remya , Kumar L Manoj 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Haemorrhoids are very common anorectal disorders that can be prevented to a great extent by understanding their risk factors. This case–control study was intended to identify the risk factors for haemorrhoids amongst patients visiting the surgery department of a tertiary care hospital in Kottayam district. A sample of 60 cases and 120 controls were selected using the convenience sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured checklist by self-reporting, and the data collection period was 4 weeks. The major risk factors associated with haemorrhoids as per the odds ratio were occupation, high income, abdominal girth, family history, smoking, lack of exercise, long travel, less consumption of fibre food, consumption of fast food, chicken, spicy food, constipation, incomplete feeling after defaecation, prolonged sitting in the toilet seat, chronic cough, stress and consumption of pain killers. The logistic regression shows that there is an association between the occurrence of haemorrhoids and risk factors such as straining during defaecation, constipation, smoking, incomplete feeling after defaecation, prolonged sitting in the toilet seat and less consumption of water. To improve the quality of life of people with haemorrhoids, it is important to take a peek at the risk factors listed above, considering that a good study starts with good listening. Any person with haemorrhoids, no matter how severe they are, should be encouraged to change their lifestyle in conjunction with consuming more soluble fibre.
Perception of Iraqi Women about Autism
Authors: Yahyaa Badeaa Thamir , Al-Taha Mahasin Ali , Al-Delaimy Ahmed K. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
Autism is increasing in prevalence year by year worldwide. In most cases, women are the primary health-care providers; eventually, they should manage to identify the signs and symptoms of autism and respond accordingly. The ultimate goal is to achieve optimum care for patients with autism. This study aims to ascertain the mothers’ awareness and knowledge of autism.

Methodology:
A descriptive study design using a purposive (nonprobability) sample of 230 women in the age range 17–48 years were included in this study from women visiting Primary Health Care Centers in Ramadi city.

Results:
About one-quarter of women (25.2%) reported to have an autistic child, only 11.3% of them do not know that their children show no contact, interaction, or interest with other children. Social media were the most frequent source of information regarding autism (38.7%). About half of the women under study do not know if autism is a genetic disease.

Conclusions:
The study revealed a high perception of women regarding autism.
Risk Factors for Latent Tuberculosis among Health-care Workers in Sri Lanka
Authors: Yasaratna Niludi Ranwanee , Weerasinghe Manuj Chrishantha 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Management of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) was introduced as a national policy in Sri Lanka in 2022, targeting high-risk groups, including health-care workers (HCWs). This study aimed to identify the potential risk factors for LTBI among HCWs in government hospitals.

Methods:
A case–control study was conducted. Cases and controls were identified by a screening survey conducted among those tested by the tuberculin skin test (TST). The survey was conducted among HCWs of eight government hospitals in Colombo in 2022. LTBI cases were defined as TST positives (≥10 mm) without a history of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and controls were those rated as negative. The cases-to-control ratio was 1:1, with a sample size of 128 cases and 128 controls. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the risk factors.

Results:
The significant risk factors identified included age ≥40 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] – 2.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–4.47) having a service duration of ≥6 years (AOR – 2.92, CI: 1.469–5.82), not maintaining distance (AOR – 2.83, CI: 1.43–5.58) and not wearing face masks when dealing with suspected or diagnosed TB patients (AOR – 3.55, CI: 1.80–7.00), and settings with inadequate TB infection control practices (AOR – 3.47, CI: 1.85–6.47).

Conclusion:
Improving infection control measures, training HCWs on TB prevention, providing adequate personal protective equipment, and initiating screening for LTBI among HCWs are recommended.
Prevalensi Anemia Pada Remaja Putri di Kecamatan Mungkid, Kabupaten Magelang Tahun 2024
Authors: Prasetyowati Arie 
Published: August 2024

Anemia didefinisikan sebagai kadar hemoglobin rendah di dalam darah. Remaja putri beresiko lebih besar untuk mengalami anemia karena mengalami siklus menstruasi dan perubahan hormon yang membutuhkan lebih banyak nutrisi untuk mendukung produksi sel darah merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi anemia pada remaja putri di Kecamatan Mungkid dan karakteristik yang mempengaruhinya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada remaja putri kelas VII dan kelas X di SMP dan SMA se - Kecamatan Mungkid pada bulan Januari-Febuari 2024. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 794 responden, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan prevalensi anemia defisiensi besi sebesar 58,1%. Dengan rincian, anemia ringan sebesar 31%, anemia sedang 27% dan anemia berat 0.1%. berdasarkan hasil uji potong lintang didapatkan karakteristik usia dan pola menstruasi tidak memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian anemia dengan p value>0,05. Sedangkan karakteristik status gizi dan pengetahuan memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri dengan p value< 0.05. Kesimpulan: prevalensi anemia pada remaja putri di kecamatan mungkid, Kabupaten Magelang tahun 2024 adalah sebesar 58,1%. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara karakteristik usia dan pola menstruasi, namun terdapat hubungan antara karakteritik status gizi dan pengetahuan dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri
Behavioral beliefs and attitudes of judo teachers regarding inclusion of participants with intellectual developmental disorders: insights from qualitative interviews
Authors: Descamps Gaston , Massart Alain , Rizzo Terry , Pečnikar Oblak Viktorija , Campos Maria João 
Published: August 2024

This qualitative study investigates the behavioral beliefs and attitudes of judo teachers toward including individuals with intellectual developmental disorders (IDD) in their judo classes. Conducted across Slovenia, Portugal, France, and France-Polynesia, the research, within the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework, involved interviews with 21 judo teachers using a vignette of a judo practitioner with IDD. Data analyzed using NVivo (2020) highlighted that judo teachers generally view inclusion positively, noting enhancements in pedagogical skills and sensitivity alongside significant benefits for all participants. Judo teachers expressed that inclusion fosters empathy and group cohesion but also raises concerns about potential slowdowns in group progress and increased cognitive demands. Emotional responses varied from fulfilment and pride to concerns over inadequacy and group management. These findings suggest a need for targeted training and accommodations to address challenges and enhance the effectiveness of inclusion.
Keywords: Judo, Intellectual Developmental Disorders, Inclusion, Physical Education, Qualitative Research, Teacher Attitudes, Theory of Planned Behavior, Behavioral Beliefs
Investigation of blade flexibility effects on the loads and wake of a 15 MW wind turbine using a flexible actuator line method
Authors: Trigaux Francois , Chatelain Philippe , Winckelmans Grégoire 
Published: August 2024

Abstract. This paper investigates the impact of blade flexibility on the aerodynamics and wake of large offshore turbines using a flexible actuator line method (ALM) coupled to the structural solver BeamDyn in large-eddy simulations. The study considers the IEA 15 MW reference wind turbine in close-to-rated operating conditions. The flexible ALM is first compared to OpenFAST simulations and is shown to consistently predict the rotor aerodynamics and the blade structural dynamics. However, the effect of blade flexibility on the loads is more pronounced when predicted using the ALM compared with using the blade element momentum theory. The wind turbine is then simulated in a neutral turbulent atmospheric boundary layer with flexible and rigid blades. The significant flapwise and torsional mean displacements lead to an overall decrease of 14 % in thrust and 10 % in power compared to a rotor with no deformation. These changes influence the wake through a reduced time-averaged velocity deficit and turbulent kinetic energy. The unsteady loads induced by the rotation in the sheared wind and the turbulent velocity fluctuations are also substantially affected by the flexibility and exhibit a noticeably different spectrum. However, the influence of these load variations on the wake is limited, and the assumption of rigid blades in their deformed geometry is shown to be sufficient to capture the wake dynamics. The influence of the resolution of the flow solver is also evaluated, and the results are shown to remain consistent between different spatial resolutions. Overall, the structural deformations have a substantial impact on the turbine performance, loads, and wake, which emphasizes the importance of considering the flexibility of the blades in simulations of large offshore wind turbines.
Radiation Semiotics of Genetic Forms of Medulloblastomas
Authors: Tereshchenko G. V. , Drui A. E. , Papusha L. I. , Pronin I. N. 
Published: August 2024

Objective. To determine a possible assessment of the verification of the genetic group of medulloblastomas based on MRI imaging and quantitative assessment indicators.Materials and Methods. MRI data of 60 patients with a verified molecular genetic subgroup based on the expression level of selected genes on the Nano String platform were retrospectivel analyzed.Results. Based on MRI signs of the shape and contrast intensity of the tumor, taking into account the age of the patients, 76 % of medulloblastomas were correctly identified by genetic groups.Conclusion. The ability to predict the genetic group of the disease in children with medulloblastoma during an initial MRI study with an accuracy of 76 % seems to us important and relevant. Only the first steps have been taken in the development of radiogenomics of medulloblastomas in children.The classification of CNS tumors with the molecular subgroups of medulloblastomas has allowed modern pediatric oncological practice to apply a differentiated approach to stratification of risk groups and prognosis of the disease. This affects the determination of the scope and the tactics of treatment. The aim of our study was an attempt to systematize and definition the diagnostic radiological signs of the currently known four molecular subgroups of medulloblastomas in children. Thirty-nine (76%) patients diagnosed with medulloblastoma were correctly classified into genetic groups based on radiographic features of shape, contrast intensity, and patient age.